bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of integrated cytogenetic, somatic variation, and copy number variation analyses in Korean patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Lee Nuri , Kim Sung-Min , Lee Youngeun , Jeong Dajeong , Yun Jiwon , Ryu Sohee , Yoon Sung-Soo , Ahn Yong-Oon , Hwang Sang Mee , Lee Dong Soon
Published: February 2021

Background

To investigate the prognostic value of gene variants and copy number variations (CNVs) in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), an integrative genomic analysis was performed.

Methods

Sixty-seven patients with NDMM exhibiting more than 60% plasma cells in the bone marrow aspirate were enrolled in the study. Whole-exome sequencing was conducted on bone marrow nucleated cells. Mutation and CNV analyses were performed using the CNVkit and Nexus Copy Number software. In addition, karyotype and fluorescent in situ hybridization were utilized for the integrated analysis.

Results

Eighty-three driver gene mutations were detected in 63 patients with NDMM. The median number of mutations per patient was 2.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.0–3.0, range = 0–8). MAML2 and BHLHE41 mutations were associated with decreased survival. CNVs were detected in 56 patients (72.7%; 56/67). The median number of CNVs per patient was 6.0 (95% CI = 5.7–7.0; range = 0–16). Among the CNVs, 1q gain, 6p gain, 6q loss, 8p loss, and 13q loss were associated with decreased survival. Additionally, 1q gain and 6p gain were independent adverse prognostic factors. Increased numbers of CNVs and driver gene mutations were associated with poor clinical outcomes. Cluster analysis revealed that patients with the highest number of driver mutations along with 1q gain, 6p gain, and 13q loss exhibited the poorest prognosis.

Conclusions

In addition to the known prognostic factors, the integrated analysis of genetic variations and CNVs could contribute to prognostic stratification of patients with NDMM.
COVID-19 associated anxiety enhances tinnitus
Authors: Xia Li , He Gang , Feng Yong , Yu Xiaoxu , Zhao Xiaolong , Yin Shankai , Chen Zhengnong , Wang Jian , Fan Jiangang , Dong Chuan
Published: February 2021

To investigate if the anxiety associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a promoting factor to tinnitus. A retrospective research design collected from 188 tinnitus patients, was used to compare the clinical characteristics of tinnitus between the patients in 2020 under pandemic pressure and those from the matching period in 2019. While anxiety was quantified using the Zung’s Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), tinnitus severity was evaluated using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) questionnaire and the test of tinnitus loudness (TL). The assessments were repeated after the sound therapy plus educational counselling (STEC) for 38 patients in 2020 and 58 patients in 2019 and compared with EC alone therapy for 42 patients in 2020 and 17 patients in 2019. A large increase in anxiety was evident in 2020 in both case rate and SAS. The treatment of both methods was less effective in 2020. SAS, THI and TL were all deteriorated after the EC alone treatment in 2020, while an improvement was seen in 2019. This suggests that EC alone could not counteract the stress by COVID-19 at all, and the stress, if not managed well, can significantly increase the severity of tinnitus and associated anxiety. By using the EC subgroup in virtual control, we conclude that anxiety can serve as a promoting factor to tinnitus. We believe that this is the first study report that confirm the causative/promotive role of anxiety on tinnitus during COVID-19 pandemic.
Cultural adaptation of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire – Short Form (SAQ-SF) in Poland
Authors: Malinowska-Lipień Iwona , Brzyski Piotr , Gabryś Teresa , Gniadek Agnieszka , Kózka Maria , Kawalec Paweł , Brzostek Tomasz , Squires Allison
Published: February 2021

Background

It is essential to provide safe healthcare in complex, difficult, and quickly changing conditions. The quality of healthcare services directly influences the safety of both the patients and staff. Understanding healthcare staff attitudes toward safety in the healthcare delivery context is foundational for building a culture of safety.

Aim of the work

To adapt, via a structured translation methodology, the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire–Short Form (SAQ-SF), which assesses how employees of the health care sector perceive the safety climate in their workplace, to the Polish context.

Methods

Using a content validation approach to structure the translation process, we tested and psychometrically analysed the translated SAQ-SF. The sample comprised 322 employees of a district hospital (second referral level, which ensures 24/7 emergency care services) in Poland.

Results

The reliability of the sub-scales of the Polish version of the SAQ-SF ranged from 0.66 to 0.95. The discriminatory power of particular SAQ items ranged between 0.02 and 0.90. For 6 out of the 8 scale dimensions, the questions with the highest factor loadings were those measuring the same dimensions of the safety climate, according to the original scale.

Conclusions

The Polish version of the SAQ-SF (SAQ-SF-PL) meets the criteria of psychometric and functional validation as well as demonstrates good reliability as a measure of patient safety culture in the Polish context. The SAQ-SF-PL is an instrument that enable a valid and reliable assessment of patient safety climate in the Polish healthcare facilities and identify opportunities for improvement. International comparisons will also become easier.
Increase in non-professional phagocytosis during the progression of cell cycle
Authors: Hofmann Alexander , Putz Florian , Büttner-Herold Maike , Hecht Markus , Fietkau Rainer , Distel Luitpold V.
Published: February 2021

Homotypic or heterotypic internalization of another, either living or necrotic cell is currently in the center of research interest. The active invasion of a living cell called entosis and cannibalism of cells by rapidly proliferating cancers are prominent examples. Additionally, normal healthy tissue cells are capable of non-professional phagocytosis. This project studied the relationship between non-professional phagocytosis, individual proliferation and cell cycle progression. Three mesenchymal and two epithelial normal tissue cell lines were studied for homotypic non-professional phagocytosis. Homotypic dead cells were co-incubated with adherent growing living cell layers. Living cells were synchronized by mitotic shake-off as well as Aphidicolin-treatment and phagocytotic activity was analyzed by immunostaining. Cell cycle phases were evaluated by flow cytometry. Mesenchymal and epithelial normal tissue cells were capable of internalizing dead cells. Epithelial cells had much higher non-professional phagocytotic rates than mesenchymal cells. Cells throughout the entire cell cycle were able to phagocytose. The phagocytotic rate significantly increased with progressing cell cycle phases. Mitotic cells regularly phagocytosed dead cells, this was verified by Nocodazole and Colcemid treatment. Taken together, our findings indicate the ability of human tissue cells to phagocytose necrotic neighboring cells in confluent cell layers. The origin of the cell line influences the rate of cell-in-cell structure formation. The higher cell-in-cell structure rates during cell cycle progression might be influenced by cytoskeletal reorganization during this period or indicate an evolutionary anchorage of the process. Recycling of nutrients during cell growth might also be an explanation.
High patient acceptability but low coverage of provider-initiated HIV testing among adult outpatients with symptoms of acute infectious illness in coastal Kenya
Authors: Agutu Clara A. , Oduor Tony H. , Kombo Bernadette K. , Mugo Peter M. , Chira Salome M. , Ogada Fred W. , Rinke de Wit Tobias F. , Chege Wairimu , van der Elst Elise M. , Graham Susan M. , Sanders Eduard J.
Published: February 2021

Background

Only approximately one in five adults are offered HIV testing by providers when seeking care for symptoms of acute illness in Sub-Saharan Africa. Our aims were to estimate testing coverage and identify predictors of provider-initiated testing and counselling (PITC) and barriers to PITC implementation in this population.

Methods

We assessed HIV testing coverage among adult outpatients 18–39 years of age at four public and two private health facilities in coastal Kenya, during a 3- to 6-month surveillance period at each facility. A subset of patients who reported symptoms including fever, diarrhoea, fatigue, body aches, sore throat or genital ulcers were enrolled to complete a questionnaire independently of PITC offer. We assessed predictors of PITC in this population using generalised estimating equations and identified barriers to offering PITC through focus group discussion with healthcare workers (HCW) at each facility.

Results

Overall PITC coverage was 13.7% (1600 of 11,637 adults tested), with 1.9% (30) testing positive. Among 1,374 participants enrolled due to symptoms, 378 (27.5%) were offered PITC and 352 (25.6%) were tested, of whom 3.7% (13) tested positive. Among participants offered HIV testing, 93.1% accepted it; among participants not offered testing, 92.8% would have taken an HIV test if offered. The odds of completed PITC were increased among older participants (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4–2.1 for 30–39 years, relative to 18–24 years), men (aOR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1–1.7); casual labourers (aOR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0–1.7); those paying by cash (aOR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0–1.4) or insurance (aOR 3.0, 95% CI 1.5–5.8); participants with fever (aOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2–1.8) or genital ulcers (aOR 4.0, 95% CI 2.7–6.0); and who had tested for HIV >1 year ago (aOR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0–2.0) or had never tested (aOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.5–3.1). Provider barriers to PITC implementation included lack of HCW knowledge and confidence implementing guidelines, limited capacity and health systems constraints.

Conclusion

PITC coverage was low, though most patients would accept testing if offered. Missed opportunities to promote testing during care-seeking were common and innovative solutions are needed.
Collaborative reasoning in the context of group competition
Authors: Domberg Andreas , Tomasello Michael , Köymen Bahar
Published: February 2021

A key skill in collaborative problem-solving is to communicate and evaluate reasons for proposals to arrive at the decision benefiting all group members. Although it is well-documented that collaborative contexts facilitate young children’s reasoning, less is known about whether competition with other groups contributes to children’s collaborative reasoning. We investigated whether between-group competition facilitates children’s within-group collaborative reasoning, regarding their production of reasons and their use oftransacts, communicative acts that operate on one another’s proposals and reasoning. We presented 5- and 7-year-old peer dyads with two collaborative problem-solving tasks (decorating a zoo and a dollhouse). In one task, children competed against another group (the competitive condition); whereas in the other task, they did not (non-competitive condition). Our results suggest that children’s sensitivity to group competition as reflected in their reasoning changed depending on the task. When they decorated a house, they produced more transacts in the competitive condition than in the non-competitive condition; whereas when they decorated a zoo, this pattern was reversed. Thus, our results highlight that group competition did not influence children’s collaborative reasoning consistently across different contexts.
A novel method to retrieve alerts from a homegrown Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) system of an academic medical center: Comprehensive alert characteristic analysis
Authors: Chien Shuo-Chen , Chin Yen-Po (Harvey) , Yoon Chang Ho , Islam Md. Mohaimenul , Jian Wen-Shan , Hsu Chun-Kung , Chen Chun-You , Chien Po-Han , Li Yu-Chuan (Jack)
Published: February 2021

Background

The collection and analysis of alert logs are necessary for hospital administrators to understand the types and distribution of alert categories within the organization and reduce alert fatigue. However, this is not readily available in most homegrown Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) systems.

Objective

To present a novel method that can collect alert information from a homegrown CPOE system (at an academic medical center in Taiwan) and conduct a comprehensive analysis of the number of alerts triggered and alert characteristics.

Methods

An alert log collector was developed using the Golang programming language and was implemented to collect all triggered interruptive alerts from a homegrown CPOE system of a 726-bed academic medical center from November 2017 to June 2018. Two physicians categorized the alerts from the log collector as either clinical or non-clinical (administrative).

Results

Overall, 1,625,341 interruptive alerts were collected and classified into 1,474 different categories based on message content. The sum of the top 20, 50, and 100 categories of most frequently triggered alerts accounted for approximately 80, 90 and 97 percent of the total triggered alerts, respectively. Among alerts from the 100 most frequently triggered categories, 1,266,818 (80.2%) were administrative and 312,593 (19.8%) were clinical alerts.

Conclusion

We have successfully developed an alert log collector that can serve as an extended function to retrieve alerts from a homegrown CPOE system. The insight generated from the present study could also potentially bring value to hospital system designers and hospital administrators when redesigning their CPOE system.
Comparing oculomotor efficiency and visual attention between drivers and non-drivers through the Adult Developmental Eye Movement (ADEM) test: A visual-verbal test
Authors: Gené-Sampedro Andrés , Alonso Francisco , Sánchez-Ramos Celia , Useche Sergio A.
Published: February 2021

Objective

The objective of this study was to assess and compare drivers’ and non-drivers’ outcomes in the Adult Developmental Eye Movement test (ADEM), a visual-verbal test that measures the time needed to read series of numbers in both a vertical and horizontal reading pattern. A set of driving parameters (i.e., experience, risk exposure, and day and night perceived difficulty) and demographic variables (i.e., age, gender, and academic level) were considered as potential predictors of the test performance.

Methods

For this cross-sectional study, 302 healthy subjects (age range 20 to 86 years old) completed a self-reported questionnaire aimed at retrieving data on the independent variables, and underwent the ADEM in order to obtain the dependent outcomes. 214 (70.9%) of the participants were drivers. Non-parametric analyses and multilevel linear regression were used to assess differences between the variables and a prediction model. Also, some correlations were evaluated through the Spearman test.

Results

Drivers showed significantly better test performance than non-drivers. The age, driving experience, and perceived difficulty in driving at night were obtained as potential predictors of the test performance with the applied linear regression model.

Conclusion

The ADEM may be a practical, non-expensive, easy-to-apply tool in the assessment of drivers, useful for obtaining or renewing the driving license. This test may help in the detection of impairments in the saccadic efficiency that could have a detrimental effect on the driving performance.
Forecasting hand-foot-and-mouth disease cases using wavelet-based SARIMA–NNAR hybrid model
Authors: Yu Gongchao , Feng Huifen , Feng Shuang , Zhao Jing , Xu Jing
Published: February 2021

Background

Hand-foot-and-mouth disease_(HFMD) is one of the most typical diseases in children that is associated with high morbidity. Reliable forecasting is crucial for prevention and control. Recently, hybrid models have become popular, and wavelet analysis has been widely performed. Better prediction accuracy may be achieved using wavelet-based hybrid models. Thus, our aim is to forecast number of HFMD cases with wavelet-based hybrid models.

Materials and methods

We fitted a wavelet-based seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA)–neural network nonlinear autoregressive (NNAR) hybrid model with HFMD weekly cases from 2009 to 2016 in Zhengzhou, China. Additionally, a single SARIMA model, simplex NNAR model, and pure SARIMA–NNAR hybrid model were established for comparison and estimation.

Results

The wavelet-based SARIMA–NNAR hybrid model demonstrates excellent performance whether in fitting or forecasting compared with other models. Its fitted and forecasting time series are similar to the actual observed time series.

Conclusions

The wavelet-based SARIMA–NNAR hybrid model fitted in this study is suitable for forecasting the number of HFMD cases. Hence, it will facilitate the prevention and control of HFMD.
A cafeteria-rendszer továbbfejlesztésének lehetőségei – múlt, jelen és jövő (Evolution of Flexible Remuneration/Cafeteria Systems – Past, Present and Future)
Authors: Poór József , László Gyula , Beke Jenő , Óhegyi Katalin , Kolbe Tamás
Published: February 2021

A cikkben a szerzők először áttekintik a cafeteria-rendszer legfontosabb jellemzőit (célját, tipikus „stakeholdereit” és HR-stratégiai kérdéseit). Ezt követően megvizsgálják, milyen átalakuláson ment át a béren kívüli juttatások rendszere 1996-tól – az első ilyen rendszerek magyarországi megjelenésétől – napjainkig. Áttekintik azt is, milyen mozgatórugók idézték elő a főbb változásokat, és ezekhez a piaci szereplők hogyan alkalmazkodtak. Szintén vizsgálják a 2012-re vonatkozó legfőbb változásokat, és ezek lehetséges kihatásait a cégek juttatási politikájára, valamint elmutatnak néhány alternatívát az új feltételek közötti lehetőségekre és kihívásokra. Empirikus felméréseik tükrében kitérnek arra is, hogy főleg a szervezeti méret és kisebb részben a tulajdonforma szignifikánsan befolyásolja a cafeteria-rendszerek alkalmazását. _________ The authors review firstly the most important features of the cafeteria system (goals, typical “stakeholders” and strategic HR issues). Then they examine the evolution of the system of flexible benefits since 1996, the first appearance of such systems in Hungary. Authors also analyze how the main drivers caused the changes, and how the key players of the cafeteria systems adapted to these movements. The reader also can find insights about the major changes for 2012 and about the potential impact of these changes on benefit policies of Hungarian firms. The contribution shows some alternative opportunities and challenges driven by different influencing factors. They also touch upon the light of empirical surveys, that the cafeteria systems are significantly influenced to a lesser extent by the form of ownership and to a bigger extent by the organizational size.
A vállalatok politikája – vállalati, társadalmi felelősségvállalás, vállalati közösségek és a vállalati stratégia jövője (Corporate policy – corporate social responsibility, corporate communities, and future of corporate strategy)
Authors: Braun Róbert
Published: February 2021

A vállalati társadalmi felelősségvállalás (CSR) a diszciplinarizálódás korai szakaszában különböző tudományos hagyományokból táplálkozva, a vállalatirányítás, az üzleti etika, a környezetgazdálkodás és a marketingkommunikáció határvidékének szélesítésével, különböző hangsúlyú kiterjesztésével igyekszik saját helyét kijelölni a gazdálkodástudomány keretei között. Jelen tanulmány egy, az érintetti elméletekből kiinduló, ám alapvetően történeti és politikai hagyományhoz köti a CSR jelenét és jövőjét, majd ebből a megközelítésből kiindulva helyezi el a CSR elméletét és lehetséges managementgyakorlatát a vállalatirányítás és a marketingkommunikáció világában. A szerző álláspontja szerint a CSR inkább forma, mint tartalom; az üzleti értelemben vett fenntarthatóságot a vállalatok kevésbé jó ügyek képviselete révén, mint az érintetti (stakeholder) demokrácia megvalósulásának elősegítésével teremthetik meg. Jelen dolgozat azt mutatja meg, hogy az érintetti demokrácia mint üzleti működési modell megvalósulása messzemenő következményekkel járhat mind a vállalatirányítás, mind a modern marketingkommunikáció számára. ______ Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is in an early phase of disciplinarization and works towards establishing its level scholarly playing field from different traditions. It attempts to extend its territory on the boarderline of management, business ethics, environmental studies, and marketing-communications. This study applies a historical and political approach to the understanding of the present and future of CSR and places CSR in the area of management studies and marketing- communications from this starting point. CSR is more form than content; business sustanaibility is achieved less through good causes but via assisting in the establishment of stakeholder democracy. This study attempts to show what results stakeholder democracy as business modell would bring to the world of both corporate management and marketingcommunications.
Rethinking the History of Peptic Ulcer Disease: from digital textual analysis to declining research programs
Authors: Radomski Bartosz Michal , Šešelja Dunja , Naumann Kim
Published: February 2021

The history of the research on peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is characterized by a premature abandonment of the bacterial hypothesis, which subsequently had its comeback, leading to the discovery of Helicobacter pylori the major cause of the disease. In this paper we examine the received view on this case, according to which the primary reason for the abandonment of the bacterial hypothesis of PUD in the mid-twentieth century was a large-scale study by a prominent gastroenterologist Palmer, which suggested no bacteria could be found in the human stomach. To this end, we employ the method of digital textual analysis and study the literature on the etiology of PUD published in the decade prior to Palmers article. Our ﬁndings suggest that the bacterial hypothesis of PUD had already been abandoned before the publication of Palmers paper, which challenges the widely held view that his study played a crucial role in the development of this episode.

The paper makes two main contributions to the literature in integrated history and philosophy of science. First, we suggest that the received narrative on this historical episode, commonly used by philosophers, needs to be revised. Second, we introduce the notion of a declining research program and argue for its importance as a unit of socio-epistemic analysis, especially in combination with normative assessments, such as pursuitworthiness of scientiﬁc theories.
Inmigración internacional y emprendimiento en áreas rurales de España: Dinamismo económico y movilidades en pueblos pequeños del Empordà, Cataluña
Authors: Mendoza Pérez Cristóbal , Morén-Alegret Ricard , McAreavey Ruth
Published: February 2021

Este artículo estudia los vínculos entre las economías locales, el emprendimiento y la inmigración en los municipios de menos de 500 habitantes de Alt Empordà, España. A partir de una metodología cualitativa, analiza la incorporación económica de los empresarios inmigrantes y compara sus puntos de vista sobre los mercados laborales con los de los empresarios nativos. Se considera la manera cómo contribuyen los empresarios inmigrantes a las economías locales y al tejido social de los micropueblos del Alt Empordà y hasta qué punto las empresas que crean estos inmigrantes siguen una lógica de beneficio económico (o responden a otros criterios, como una mejor calidad de vida). Los empresarios inmigrantes entrevistados, procedentes del norte y centro de Europa, cuentan con un perfil altamente calificado y cubren un nicho particular laboral no cubierto por las personas autóctonas (p. ej., servicios orientados a la cultura). Su éxito empresarial se basa en parte en sus capacidades para crear redes sociales locales, las cuales no solo son necesarias para el desarrollo empresarial, sino también una fuente de bienestar. No obstante, los inmigrantes poseen otras formas de capital, además del social (por ejemplo, capital humano o económico), que les permite poder escoger un cierto estilo de vida y negocio que quizá no estén disponibles para todos los residentes en el área. De esta forma, los inmigrantes pueden crear negocios innovadores que, aunque modestos en términos financieros, pueden estimular el desarrollo rural.
POLARITAS DEIKSIS PERSONA NOVEL SHERLOCK HOLMES: SKANDAL DI BOHEMIA (TINJAUAN PRAGMATIK)
Authors: Pehala Ilfan Askul
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine, analyze, and describe the person deixis and the polarity of the use of the deixis, based on the Yule deixis theory. The deixis analysis in this study is not only looking for the existing deixis persona but also looking at the correlation in the grammatical deixis category in lingual units. The analysis is then connected with the concepts of competence and performance in the linguisic deixis unit to see the concepts of language and thinking of the writers in this novel. It is all the basis of the novelty of this study. This study uses a qualitative descriptive design that is consistent with linguisic research. Data collection techniques were carried out through qualitative methods, that is, the method of distribution using the BUL technique or direct division of data into the lingual unit and the analysis of the Spradely ethnic method to determine the domain, taxonomy, and componential person deixis. The data in this research include the written lingual unit whose marker of reference and types indicates or is recorded as deixis. The main data source is a series of stories from Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes, particularly A Scandal in Bohemia which consists of three parts. The results of the analysis show that the persona in speech has other functions: as nominating, objective, and genitive markers. The polarity of the person deixis indirectly determines the concept of the author's competence and performance which unconsciously shapes the dominance and strength of the character that determines the centrality of the character and then also the storyline.
DRLDO A Novel DRL based De obfuscation System for Defence Against Metamorphic Malware
Authors: Sewak Mohit , Sahay Sanjay K. , Rathore Hemant
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we propose a novel mechanism to normalise metamorphic and obfuscated malware down at the opcode level and hence create an advanced metamorphic malware de-obfuscation and defence system. We name this system as DRLDO, for deep reinforcement learning based de-obfuscator. With the inclusion of the DRLDO as a sub-component, an existing Intrusion Detection System could be augmented with defensive capabilities against ‘zero-day’ attack from obfuscated and metamorphic variants of existing malware. This gains importance, not only because there exists no system till date that use advance DRL to intelligently and automatically normalise obfuscation down even to the opcode level, but also because the DRLDO system does not mandate any changes to the existing IDS. The DRLDO system does not even mandate the IDS’ classifier to be retrained with any new dataset containing obfuscated samples. Hence DRLDO could be easily retrofitted into any existing IDS deployment. We designed, developed, and conducted experiments on the system to evaluate the same against multiple-simultaneous attacks from obfuscations generated from malware samples from a standardised dataset that contain multiple generations of malware. Experimental results prove that DRLDO was able to successfully make the otherwise undetectable obfuscated variants of the malware detectable by an existing pre-trained malware classifier. The detection probability was raised well above the cut-off mark to 0.6 for the classifier to detect the obfuscated malware unambiguously. Further, the de-obfuscated variants generated by DRLDO achieved a very high correlation (of ≈ 0.99) with the base malware. This observation validates that the DRLDO system is actually learning to de-obfuscate and not exploiting a trivial trick.
THE CONCEPT AND STRUCTURE OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL STATUS OF AN INDIVIDUAL
Authors:   Doctor of Law, Professor, Professor of the Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law of the Moscow State Law University named after O.E. Kutafina (Moscow State Law Academy)., Lebedev V. A.
Published: February 2021

The article examines the constitutional status of an individual in the Russian Federation, various points of view on the concept, structural elements of legal status, the author’s vision of the problem under study is proposed. Sufficient attention is paid to the tendencies in the development of the institution of the constitutional status of an individual, constitutional restrictions on the legal status of an individual.
RESTRICTION OF THE CAPACITY OF THE CITIZENBANKRUPT
Authors:   Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law and Civil Procedure, South Ural State University, Polich S. B.
Published: February 2021

The article provides a practical analysis of some of the provisions of the current legislation on the bankruptcy of citizens (individuals), at the same time, a small theoretical study of the novelties of legislation providing for the application of the procedure of the so-called “administrative” bankruptcy of individuals (out-of-court bankruptcy) is carried out; as the main research conclusion, it is argued that bankruptcy of an individual, both judicial and extrajudicial, always “leads” de facto to the limitation of the legal capacity of this citizen
INSTITUTE OF JUDICIAL RECONCILIATION: SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL FORECASTS
Authors:   Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law and Civil Procedure, South Ural State University, Polich S.B.
Published: February 2021

The article denotes judicial conciliation as one of the new institutions of mediation, it is argued that a judicial conciliator, as a professional mediator, is simultaneously “engaged” in judicial activity, a priori it is argued that a retired judge by virtue of his status is precisely a professional mediator, it is proposed to qualify the powers judicial conciliator as judicial activity
CRIMINOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF MOTHER’S KILLING OF A NEWBORN CHILD
Authors:   Doctor of Law, Professor, Leading Researcher of the PKU Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia., Kunts E. V.
Published: February 2021

The current criminal legislation (Article 106 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) provides for punishment for the murder by a mother of a newborn child during or immediately after childbirth, as well as the murder of a newborn child by a mother in a traumatic situation or in a state of mental disorder that does not exclude sanity. Relevant is the need to use not only legal knowledge, but also psychological knowledge in the process of investigating and preventing this crime, system analysis to resolve the problems that have arisen as a result of committing this crime
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND CRIMINAL IDENTITY: THE RATIO
Authors:   candidate of law, associate Professor, associate Professor of the Department of criminal and criminal Executive law, criminology, South Ural State University (National Research University), Tkacheva N.V.
Published: February 2021

People tend to think about the consequences of the widespread use of artificial intelligence. Criminology deals with the study of socio-legal aspects of human life, in particular crime, the identity of the criminal, the determinants of crime, ways and means of crime prevention, the question arises about the criminological risks of using artificial intelligence. The article examines the types of artificial intelligence, the ratio of moral characteristics of artificial intelligence and human. Issues related to the formation and development of the concept of artificial intelligence are considered, as well as possible criminological risks when using artificial intelligence in everyday life are analyzed. The article analyzes the concept and development of artificial intelligence, as well as the concept and components of criminological risks, the concept of the criminal’s personality as an object of criminology research, in order to draw conclusions about the impact of artificial intelligence on the criminal’s personality
MEDICAL CRIMES AND MEDICAL ERRORS: LIMITS OF DELINEATION
Authors:   Head of the Department of Criminal Law Disciplines Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education “Russian State Social University”, Golubovsky V.Yu. , Kunz E.V. ,   Doctor of Law, Professor, Leading Researcher of the PKU Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. 1
Published: February 2021

The article discusses issues related to the criminal liability of medical workers, which are a type of socially dangerous acts that entail the application of criminal punishment to the guilty person in accordance with the norms of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Responsibility for this crime is provided for by various norms of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which, in turn, poses a threat to entire groups of public relations, the security of the country and its population. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions and proposals are formulated.
THE ORDER OF PROCEEDING PROCEDURAL ACTIONS AT THE STAGE OF EXCITING A CRIMINAL CASE REQUIRES IMPROVEMENT
Authors:   Doctor of Law, Professor, Professor of the Department of Criminal Procedure, Criminalistics and Forensic Science, South Ural State University., Darovskikh S.M. , Makarova Z.V. ,   , Leading Expert of the Institute of Open and Distance Education, Doctor of Law, Professor of South Ural State University.
Published: February 2021

The article discusses some issues of imperfection of the criminal procedural legislation regulating the procedure for performing procedural actions at the stage of initiating a criminal case. The authors point out that in certain cases the imperfection of legislation does not affect law enforcement, and in others it creates uncertainty in legal thinking. The question of the possibility of carrying out such an investigative action as seizure at the stage of initiating a criminal case is being investigated, attention is drawn to the absence of the possibility, enshrined in the law, of issuing a decision on the appointment of a forensic examination at the stage of initiating a criminal case. It is proposed to introduce into the text of the law the conditions that determine the expediency of appointing a forensic examination at this stage
PROBLEMS OF CORRUPTION AND ABUSE IN JOINT STOCK COMPANIES WITH STATE PARTICIPATION
Authors:   Doctor of Political Science, leading researcher of Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 32, Nakhimovskiy prosp., Yakovlev A. Y.
Published: February 2021

The author examines one of the main reasons for the inefficiency of the activities of state joint-stock companies in the Russian Federation. Largely due to the presence of corruption and abuse in governing state joint-stock companies their activities are not as effective as they could be. There is a wide variety of variations in the study area. Among them: unreasonable expenses, purchases of works, goods and services at inflated prices, various forms of abuse of movable and immovable property, reorientation of some of the consumers of products to the CEO’s parallel personal business, hiring employees whose hiring is unjustified from a commercial point of view
EVALUATION OF SOLID MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF PUSKESMAS IN CIANJUR DISTRICT
Authors: Muhammad Edo , Joko Tri , Nurjazuli Nurjazuli
Published: February 2021

Some of the waste produced by community health centers is hazardous waste and can pose a number of health and environmental risks if management is not in accordance with the requirements. This study aims to evaluate the conditions for managing solid medical waste in the Cianjur Regency community health center. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study. The results of the study show that the public health center with the HR condition is quite 90% and less 10%. Public health center with budget conditions in good category 73.3%, and quite 26.7%. Community health center with a condition of facilities and infrastructure of less than 50% category, and quite 50%. Community health centers with SOP conditions in the category of both 90%, and less than 10%. Public health center with conditions for sorting and storing good categories of 46.7%, and enough of 53.3%. all community health centers have sufficient conditions for collecting medical waste. Community health center with conditions for transporting medical categories of waste both 60%, enough 26.7%, and less 13.3%. Community health center with temporary storage conditions medical waste is quite 83.3%, and less 16.7%. a public health center whose medical waste management officers had experienced an accident of 13.3%, whose officers had never had an accident of 86.7%. The conclusion of this study is that most public health center medical waste management is in accordance with the requirements, which are not yet appropriate are aspects of HR, facilities and infrastructure, sorting, use of PPE and Temporary Storage Places.
A new distributional record of bladderwort species Utricularia janarthanamii for Gujarat state
Authors: Gadhvi Kamlesh , Gamit Sandip , Dudhagara Dushyant , Vyas Suhas , Yadav Rashmi
Published: February 2021

We report the first distributional record of Utricularia janarthanamii S.R. Yadav, Sardesai & S.P. Gaikwad from Girnar of Saurashtra region, Gujarat state. Saurashtra region comprises a wide variety of biological diversity as it consists of sandy, coastal and rocky habitats. The morphology and ecology of this species are described in this paper. This study adds new information on the flora of Gujarat and extended the distribution of this species in the Girnar mountain region.
Wprowadzenie – cyfrowe geografie czasu pandemii
Authors: Rzeszewski Michał
Published: February 2021

Pandemia COVID-19 to niezaprzeczalna tragedia dla wielu ludzi i globalny dramat rozgrywający się na wielu poziomach i w wielu skalach, zarówno przestrzennych, jak i czasowych. Trudno sobie wyobrazić sferę życia, która nie została w ten czy inny sposób dotknięta zmianami. Dotyczy to również świata nauki, przed którym stoją liczne wyzwania w sferach prywatności, mobilności, dydaktyki i prowadzenia badań. Wysyłając zaproszenie do składania tekstów do numeru specjalnego poświęconego czasowi pandemii, zdawałem sobie sprawę, że codzienna negocjacja nowych warunków przestrzennych jest dla każdego z nas zajęciem pochłaniającym ogromne ilości czasu i wysiłku. Jednocześnie jest to czas bez precedensu, w którym istnieje niecodzienna możliwość obserwacji zjawisk społeczno-przestrzennych modyfikowanych zaistniałą sytuacją – także tych wcześniej nieznanych, powstających na skutek obecności technologii cyfrowych w naszym codziennym życiu.
Performance of different hybrid dispersion compensation modules (DCMs) in long reach ultra dense WDM passive optical networks
Authors: Sachdeva Shippu , Malhotra Jagjit , Kumar Manoj
Published: February 2021

Long reach Passive optical network (LR-PON) is an attractive solution to fulfill the ever-increasing bandwidth requirements due to propelling internet applications and competent to serve distant optical network units (ONUs). Wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) PON systems experience distance and performance limiting constraint termed as Dispersion. In order to compensate dispersion effects, Fiber bragg gratings (FBGs) and Dispersion compensation fibers (DCFs) are incorporated extensively in PONs. Performance of DCF is better than FBG in terms of dispersion compensation, but it comes at the cost of 3 $/m (very expensive). Therefore, long reach ultra dense WDM-PON systems are needed with incorporation of economical and high performance DCMs. Three newly constructed hybrid DCMs are investigated such as FBG-DCF (module 1), OPC-DCF (module 2), and FBG-DCF-OPC (module 3) in WDM-PON to get optimal DCM in terms of dispersion compensation efficiency (DCE) and economical operation. As per author’s best knowledge, DCE calculations and performance enhancement with cost reduction using hybrid DCMs in ultra dense WDM-PON, is not reported so far. WDM-PON consists of 32 channels at 25 GHz channel spacing is analyzed for 300 km link distance at 10 Gbps/channel using different hybrid DCMs. It is perceived that highest DCE of 70% is given by module 3 with maximum cost reduction of 19.84%. DCE performance of three modules is as follows: Module 3 (DCE 70%), Module 1 (DCE 55%), Module 2 (DCE 45%) and cost reduction/increase from conventional module by 19.84% reduction (Module 3), 19.05% reduction (Module 1), and increase 10.5% (Module 2). Hence, Module 3 is preferred for long reach WDM-PON to get high performance with lesser cost.
Inter-individual behavioural variation in the crested porcupine
Authors: Mori Emiliano , Ferrari Caterina
Published: February 2021

In this study, we investigated on the existence of personality in the crested porcupine in Central Italy by measuring variation and repeatability of three behavioural traits. Porcupines were captured through metal traps located around and in the immediate surroundings of the burrows. Then, they were manipulated and set free. Capture and handling were the experimental contexts where we measured exploration, proactivity and aggressiveness of each individual. Our results provided evidence for consistent inter-individual differences in the measured traits, with a high value of individual repeatability in aggressiveness and proactivity. The positive correlation between traits suggest the existence of a behavioural syndrome, with some individuals more aggressive and active with respect to others.
Nanocarriers in the Enhancement of Therapeutic Efficacy of Natural Drugs
Authors: Li Xiuling , Liang Shunung , Tan Chee Hwee , Cao Shuwen , Xu Xiaoding , Er Saw Phei , Tao Wei
Published: February 2021

Since time immemorial, plant derived natural products have been used for the treatment of various human diseases before the intervention of modern medicine. The basis of modern medicine is still being inspired from traditional medicine and therapies. However, despite their tremendous therapeutic potential, these natural drugs often have poor bioavailability, metabolic instability, and aqueous insolubility. These factors greatly impede a natural drug’s commercialization potential as a mainstream medicine. Therefore, the development of nanocarrier drug delivery systems is indispensable in overcoming the various constraints of the bottlenecks which occur with natural drugs. Of particular interest in this review are four plant materials endogenous to China with the common names of barrenwort or horny goat weed (Epimedium), Shu Di Huang (Rehmannia glutinosa, RG), ginseng (Panax ginseng), and Dong Quai or female ginseng (Angelica sinensis, AS), each having been scientifically investigated for a wide range of therapeutic uses as has been originally discovered from the long history of traditional usage and anecdotal information by local population groups in Asia. The integration of natural drugs from the East and nanocarrier drug delivery systems developed from the West is paving the way towards further accurate and efficient medicine therapy. We further discuss the potential benefits of these plants and the enhancement of their therapeutic efficacy by nanotechnology intervention.
Экфрасiс у творчасцi мультыталентаў
Authors:   Narodowa Akademia Nauk Białorusi, Pietuchowa Margaryta
Published: February 2021

У артыкуле аналiзiруецца экфрасiс у творчасцi мультыталентаў – аўтараў, якiя ў сваёй дзейнасцi звярталiся да розных мастацкiх практык (жывапiс, фатаграфiя i лiтаратура). Акцэнтуецца ўвага на актуальнасцi вывучэння з’явы мастацкага ўнiверсалiзму. Разглядаюцца галоўныя падыходы да вызначэння паняцця экфрасiса, прыводзiцца класiфiкацыя экфрастычных уключэнняў. На матэрыяле лiтаратурных твораў Я. Драздовiча, М. Шагала, В. Галубка i Я. Булгака раскрываецца роля i функцыя ў тэксце апiсанняў твораў мастацтва. Выяўлена, што ў творах мульцiталентаў экфрасiс з’яўляецца адным з спосабау характарыстыкi герояў i просторы; перадае воблiк пэўнай эпохi; транслiруе аўтарскую пазiцыю; служыць алегорыяй культуры; актуалiзуе мастацкую праблематыку; з’яўляецца важным сюжетастваральным элементам i забяспечвае цэласнасць твора.
Готическая эстетика в рассказе Анатолия Козлова «I тады я памёр...»
Authors:   Białoruski Uniwersytet Państwowy informatyki i radioelektroniki, Tarasowa Jelena
Published: February 2021

Готическая литература проявляет большой интерес к природе человеческого страха, его воздействию на психику, на душевные и духовные сферы деятельности личности. Интерес белорусских писателей к необъяснимым явлениям всегда присутствовал в национальной литературе, с новой силой он проявился в конце ХХ века. В творчестве А. Козлова выявилась склонность к мистификации, обилию фольклорных мотивов и образов, к философской рассудительности. Рассказ писателя «I тады я памёр...» – это глубокое размышление о смерти, смысле жизни, о предназначении человека и о таинственном потустороннем мире. Автор показал глубину переживаний личности, ее антропологическое одиночество. Готические элементы в произведении стали тем важным акцентом, который помог писателю актуализировать свое мировидение.
Пiнскi «Обиход нотного церковного пения» 1929 года: гiсторыя стварэння i рэцэпцыi
Authors:   Rosyjska Akademia Nauk, Moskwa, Łabyncew Jurij
Published: February 2021

У артыкуле прадстаўлена гiсторыя стварэння i выдання аднаго з самых вядомых помнiкаў палескай кнiжнай культуры перыяду II Рэчы Паспалiтай –«Обихода нотного церковного пения», падрыхтаванага ў Пiнску праваслаўным Палескiм епархiяльным мiсiянерскiм камiтэтам у самым канцы 1920-х гг. Гэты аб’ёмны богаслужбовы зборнiк стаў цалкам унiкальнай з’явай i ва ўсёй гiсторыi ўсходнеславянскай праваславнай кнiжнасцi ХХ ст. Трэцяя частка «Обихода» ўтрымлiвала богагласнiк, народныя паралiтургiчныя песняпеннi, якiя адразу ж пасля публiкацыi сталi ў масавым парадку перапiсвацца i распаўсюджвацца сярод веруючых не толькi ў мясцовай епархii, але i далека за ее межамi. Асобая роля у распаўсюджаннi тэкстаў «Обихода» ў заходнееврапейскiм асяроддзi, у прыватнасцi, у Германii, належыць Яблочынскаму Свята-Ануфрыеўскаму праваслаўнаму манастыру, зберегаушаму адзiн з самых поўных i добра захаваўшыхся его экземпляраў.
Да пытання аб мастацкiм метадзе Алеся Разанава
Authors:   Homelski Państwowy Uniwersytet im. F. Skaryny, Dakukin Alaksandr
Published: February 2021

Артыкул прысвечаны асэнсаванню мастацкага метаду Алеся Разанава. Аналiзуюцца творы, публiцыстыка паэта i робiцца выснова аб блiзкасцi ягоных эстэтычных поглядаў да мадэрнiзму. Адзначаецца, што А. Разанаў – яскравы наватар, вынаходнiк адметных жанраў, якi вывеў беларускую лiтаратуру на сусветны ўзровень, аднак пры гэтым пiсьменнiк не адмяжоўвае сябе ад традыцыi, бачыць у ёй вытокi ўласнай творчасцi. Тэксты паэта невялiкiя, але вельмi змястоўныя, асацыятыўныя i сугестыўныя. Яны багатыя на адсылкi, прэцэдэнтныя iмёны i пад., але не маюць гiбрыдна-цытатнай прыроды; элементы гульнi ўжываюцца не для iранiчнага высмейвання з’яў папярэдняй культуры, а для паглыблення зместу твораў; пiсьменнiк з сур’ёзнасцю i адказнасцю ставiцца да Слова, падкрэслiвае важнасць мастацтва ў нашым жыццi.