bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the Load Sharing Technique and Experimental Validation of NGW Type Planetary Gear Train
Authors: Li Hai Feng , Fu Bi Bo , Fu Dan
Published: August 2011

In order to solve the problem of load sharing in planetary gear train, the design of planetary gear train was described briefly in this paper. The calculation model of type NGW planetary gear train was established. By analyzing the variety of factors, such as selection of bearing clearance, gear modification, using of flexible structure and the sun gear floating design technology, several ways to improve the load sharing of the planetary gear train techniques were obtained, and they were verified by experiments finally.
Investigation on Modulation Sidebands in a K-H-V Planetary Gear with Double-Enveloping Cycloid Drive Vibration
Authors: Liu Jing Ya , Matsumura Shigeki , Chen Bing Kui , Houjoh Haruo
Published: August 2011

In this paper, modulation sidebands about the tooth meshing frequency in a two stages planetary gear reducer vibration are investigated. The two stages gear reducer is developed using double-enveloping cycloid drive with a K-H-V planetary gear. Firstly, the double-enveloping cycloid drive and the meshing characteristics are introduced. Secondly, the meshing frequencies and the sidebands of this prototype gear reducer are calculated based on a model, which explains the modulation in terms of the motion of the planets relative to the location of the transducer. Thirdly, the experiment vibration spectrums are compared with the calculated results. And the comparisons between the simulation and calculation results show good agreement.
A Lumped Parameter Model to Analyse the Dynamic Load Sharing in Planetary Gears with Planet Errors
Authors: Gu Xiao Yu , Velex Philippe
Published: August 2011

A non-linear dynamic model of planetary gears is presented which accounts for planet position errors, time-varying non-linear mesh stiffness along with the interactions between deflections and instantaneous meshing conditions. The quasi-static load distributions agree well with the experimental results in the literature thus validating the contact simulation. Extensions towards high-speed behaviour are presented which show how dynamic effects may impact the instantaneous load sharing amongst the planets.
Thermal Network Model for Temperature Prediction in Planetary Gear Trains
Authors: Chen Li Feng , Wu Xiao Ling , Qin Da Tong , Wen Ze Jun
Published: August 2011

Their high-power-density design combined with their limited space make planetary gear trains often high power losses difficult to dissipate to the surround in time. The thermal network model for temperature prediction in planetary gear trains has been proposed. According to the principle of the conservation of energy, the thermal network model have been built and the model have been employed to analyze the transient temperature of the three stage 2K-H planetary gear trains used in Φ6.3m earth pressure balance(EPB) shield machine in series. The computed temperature results of the proposed TNM were in very good agreement with experimental measurements. It has been shown that this method is capable of performing temperature analysis. The results stemmed from the TNM have been shown that the temperature rise of the sun gears is quicker than the other parts and the PGT doesn’t reach thermal balance after the oil temperature reached 90 degrees, so the cooling system should be compelled.
The Tooth Form Deviation Correction of CNC Spiral Bevel Gears Grinding Machine
Authors: Zhang Wei Qing , Guo Xiao Dong , Zhang Ming De
Published: August 2011

The influencing factors of machining errors are analyzed aiming at the characteristics of the CNC spiral bevel gears grinding machine. The relation between those factors and machine setting errors is built. The optimization model of nonlinear least square is deduced. According to the mathematics model, an experiment of tooth form deviation correction is done in YK2075 CNC spiral bevel gears grinding machine manufactured by Tianjin No.1 Machine Tool Works. And the mathematics model is verified in the experiment.
Precision Involute Gearboxes
Authors: Höhn Bernd Robert , Stahl K. , Otto H.P. , Bauhoffer H.
Published: August 2011

Industrial robots with middle or high loads are currently driven by gearboxes with cycloidal shaped gear toothing. The Gear Research Center (FZG) of the Technische Universität München analyzed in a project founded by the Bayerische Forschungsstiftung, if it is possible to meet the high demands of mechanical drive trains with involute toothing. Prototypes of such a gearbox have been built and successfully tested.
Optimum Design of a 3-RRR Planar Parallel Manipulator with a Singularity-Free Workspace
Authors: Gao Ming Wang , Zhang Xian Min , Wu Zhi Wei
Published: August 2011

In this paper, a reliable design strategy, capable of optimally picking out the geometrical parameters of the 3-RRR planar parallel manipulators, is presented. The distribution charts for singular loci and usable workspace shape are obtained in the non-dimensional design space. Based on the singularity-free workspace and good force transition capacity, the optimum kinematic parameters are determined by means of the global conditioning index. An example shows that the strategy is useful for realizing the singularity-free workspace optimally.
Improvement of Positioning Error on a Ball Screw by Cooling System
Authors: Xu Zhe Zhu , Zhang Qi , Lyu Sung Ki
Published: August 2011

A high speed ball screw system generates more heat naturally and resultant more thermal expansion, which adversely affects the accuracy of positioning. Therefore, an air cooling system was set in ball screw shaft in this paper to dominate the thermal error and achieve temperature equilibrium faster. In order to estimate the thermal error of ball screw system and effectiveness of air cooling system, thermal behavior models of finite element method and modified lumped capacitance method were developed separately which includes the heat generation power of the main heat source of the ball screw system and other boundary conditions. The completed models were used to simulate the temperature distribution, thermal deformation and air cooling performance. Compared with experiments, it is shown that these methods can well predict the air cooling performance.
Life Estimation of Tilt-Rotor Transmission Based on Dynamic Analysis
Authors: Guo Jia Shun , Wang San Min , Liu Hai Xia
Published: August 2011

Transmission influences on the performance and the security of tilt-rotor directly. A transmission-wing coupling dynamic model including time-varying mesh stiffness and static transmission error was proposed, then calculated the dynamic loads of the transmission-wing coupling system under two flight modes: aircraft and helicopter. Then, computed the life of transmission under different system reliability based on the dynamic loads. This paper presents a more accurate transmission life estimation method. The results present some useful informations for dynamic optimization of the transmission and provide a theoretical basis for the transmission design.
Influence of Size of Abrasive Particles in Conveyor Liquid on Ultrasonic Cavitation Machining Process
Authors: Hadi Mehdi
Published: August 2011

In advanced technological industries, like aerospace, missile, nuclear reactors, and automobile industries; the necessity of producing precise parts is clearly unavoidable. Further, conventional machining processes often face difficulties in producing these parts due to the big size of removed materials. Hence, kinds of machining named Non-Traditional Machining processes are developed since World War II largely in response to new industrial requirements. By the NTMs, precise parts can be produced thanks to molecular or atomic chip removal. Cavitation machining (CM) was lately proposed as a new non-traditional machining method. In this process, the released energy from collapsed bubbles is used to remove material from the workpieces surface. This energy is applied to abrasive particles and threshes them to the workpiece surface. There are some parameters affecting material removal rate (MRR) in CM process. One of the main parameters is the size of abrasive particles in conveyor liquid. Since it is a new process in machining sphere, there are no studies in this regard. This paper presents experimental results about influence of size of abrasive particles in conveyor liquid on Ultrasonic Cavitation Machining (UCM) process. The experimental results will be discussed, and the best size of the particles in which the MRR is maximized will be presented.
Research on Preparation and Properties of Edible Composite Protein Films
Authors: Chen Gui Yun , Lei Qiao
Published: August 2011

Edible films based on whey protein isolate and sodium caseinate were prepared by uniform design method. Glycerol has been incorporated into the edible films as a plasticizer. For all types of films, the influences of components and forming temperature on film properties, such as mechanical properties, water solubility, optical properties, gas and water vapor permeability were investigated. The results suggested that glycerol was the most important factor influencing all the properties of edible composite protein films. However, both increases of sodium caseinate concentration and glycerol content contributed to decrease the barrier properties of gas and water vapor. Among the films studied, group D (prepared with 5% whey protein isolate, 2% sodium caseinate, 50% glycerol at the temperature of 50 °C) showed moderate mechanical properties, optical properties, water solubility and maximum barrier properties of gas and water vapor, with tensile strength=5.85MPa, elongation=101.20%, transparency=91.4%, gas permeability rate=49.92cm3m-2d-10.1MPa-1and water vapor permeability of 0.128×10-11g m-1s-1Pa-1, 0.260×10-11g m-1s-1Pa-1, 0.513×10-11g m-1s-1Pa-1, 1.252×10-11g m-1s-1Pa-1at the RH gradient of 10-40%, 10-50%, 10-60%, 10-70%, respectively.
Property Improvement of TiNi by Cu Addition for Orthodontics Applications
Authors: Phukaoluan A. , Khantachawana Anak , Kaewtatip Pongpan , Dechkunakorn Surachai , Anuwongnukroh N. , Santiwong P. , Kajornchaiyakul Julathep
Published: August 2011

This study aims to investigate mechanical properties and transformation behavior of TiNiCu shape memory alloys to obtain optimal conditions for utilizing as orthodontic wires. TiNi binary alloys with Ni-content 50.6 at.%, TiNiCu alloys with Cu-content ranging from 5 to 10 at.% were prepared. The alloys were melted by electrical arc-melting method and then homogenized at 800°C for 3600 s. The alloys were subsequently sliced into thin plates (1.5 mm) by EDM wire cutting machine. To evaluate mechanical properties, the specimens were cold-rolled with 10, 20 and 30%, followed by heat treatment at 400°C and 600°C for 3600 s, respectively. A Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) was used to detect transformation temperatures. Mechanical properties were evaluated by micro hardness and three-point bending tests. The results showed that transformation temperatures were strongly increased with increasing Ni-content. Moreover, the decrease in transformation temperature after increasing level of cold-rolling reduction ratio suggests that internal stress can depress transformation. However, internal stress seemed to support the introduction of superelasticity for each specimen. In addition, specimens heat treated at 400°C have, more appropriate properties as orthodontic wires than those heat-treated at 600°C due to the remaining effect of cold-working. These results can be take into consideration for optimizing alloy composition and mechanical properties of TiNiCu shape memory alloys for orthodontics wires purposes.
Water-Based Polyurethanepolyaniline Conductive Core-Shell Latex Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Tian Lu , Qin Zong Yi
Published: August 2011

Conducting core–shell latex nanoparticles were synthesized by coating near–monodisperse, nanometer sized water–based polyurethane (PU) latex nanoparticles through in situ chemical polymerization of aniline. These latex nanoparticles showed nearly spherical shape and relatively narrow particle size distribution. It is found that good core–shell structure of latex nanoparticles could be well formed due to the interaction between the carboxyl groups of PU and imine groups of polyaniline (PANI), and the conductivity of the composite films can be controlled through adjusting the weight ratio of aniline monomer and PU latex.
Nanocrystalline ZrO2 Porous Ceramics Fabricated by SPS
Authors: Zhang Di , Wang Ming Gang , Zhao Zhan Kui
Published: August 2011

The porous ZrO2 ceramics was prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 520 °C. A dense closed micro-cellular ceramic structure was fabricated with micron Al90Mn9Ce1 alloy powders clading by 10 wt% ZrO2 nano-powder. SEM image showed that the thickness of ceramic cell wall was 1.0 - 2.0 μm. After deep corrosion with 10% HCl, an integrity nanocrystalline ZrO2 porous sample was obtained. Based on the experimental results, the transient spark plasma sintering mechanism of micron-nano mixing powder was also studied.
Anaerobic Biohydrogen Production by the Mixed Culture with Mesoporous Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Activation
Authors: Zhao Wei , Zhao Jie , Chen Guo Dong , Feng Rui , Yang Jian , Zhao Yan Fang , Wei Qin , Du Bin , Zhang Yong Fang
Published: August 2011

It was the first time to study the catalytic effect of mesoporous magnetic Fe3O4nanoparticles on the biohydrogen production. The mixed culture used in this study just suffered from an alkaline shock and lost its bioactivity of hydrogen production. We use mesoporous Fe3O4nanoparticles and ferrous ions as activators to recover the bioactivity of the mixed culture. The results indicate that the improvement of biohydrogen yield by mesoporous Fe3O4was obvious larger than that by ferrous ions. The maximum yield of cumulative hydrogen production was obtained at the mesoporous Fe3O4nanoparticles of 400 mg·L-1, which is 26% higher than that of the blank. The lag phases for hydrogen production in the tests added with mesoporous Fe3O4nanoparticles were decreased to 12 h, which are 50 h less than those of the corresponding ferrous ions and blank tests.
Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of Pt/Mesoporous-C for Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Effect of Carbonation Temperature
Authors: Hsieh Chia Ying , Huang Yi Shiuan , Do Jing Shan
Published: August 2011

The mesoporous carbon (MC) synthesized by a one-step method with tetraethyl ortho- silicate (TEOS) as silicon source, sucrose as carbon source and phosphoric acid as active agent, respectively, is used as the support to prepare Pt/MC electrocatalysts. The pore characteristics and the graphitic extend of MC can be adjusted by controlling the carbonation temperature (Tc). The maximum surface area of home-made MC is confirmed and analyzed by BET to be 860.20 m2g-1 with Tc = 900 °C, and the main pore size of MC is 8.70 nm. The maximum mass activity (MA) and specific activity (SA) of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on Pt/MC (P/Si = 0.5, Tc = 900 °C) are experimentally found to be 15.54 A g-1 and 18.05 mA cm-2, respectively.
Relation of 2D Permeability and Preform Structure Parameters
Authors: Jiang Jin Hua , Chen Nan Liang
Published: August 2011

In this paper the influence of parameters of fabric preforms on permeability is described. The two-dimensional (2D) permeability has been determined continuously in a matched metal tool incorporating capacitive sensors with LabView. Beforehand, the glassfiber plain, twill, satin weave textile has been thoroughly evaluated to determine the permeability behavior of the textile in dependence on the fiber volume fraction. The paper reveals the significant influence of the fabric structure, and yarn linear density on the permeability values K1 and K2, the flow front ellipse shape, and the anisotropy of preforms.
Investigation on Static Shear Creep Behavior of Asphalt Mastic Containing Recycled Red Brick Powder
Authors: Sun Yi Han , Wu Shao Peng , Zhu Ji Qing , Zhong Jin Jun
Published: August 2011

The static shear creep behavior of asphalt mastic containing recycled red brick powder (RBP) is investigated in this paper. The used mastic consists of asphalt and filler at a mass ratio of 1:1. Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) performed the static shear creep tests at 0°C. The static shear creep behavior of RBP asphalt mastic was analyzed and modeled based on Burgers model. It is concluded that the introduction of RBP results in smaller deformation, higher static shear creep stiffness modulus of asphalt mastic at 0°C. It was also indicated that Burgers model can well explain the static shear creep behavior of RBP asphalt mastic.
Influence of Annealing Temperature on the Structure and Electrochromic Properties of NiOx Thin Films
Authors: Yan Gang Yin , Zhang Xin , Huang Peng , Liu Hua Ran , Feng Buo Xue
Published: August 2011

The NiOx thin flims deposited on SnO2/glass substrates by RF sputtering were investigated through XRD、SEM、spectrophotometer and Cyclic voltammetry. The relationship between electrochromic properties and micro-structure of NiOx was also studied. Results show that NiOx films prepared by sputtering are preferred to grow along (200) direction; the crystallize size of NiOx films increases and the transmittance of colored and bleached states of NiOx films also increases with annealing temperature rising, but the transmittance different between bleached and coloured states reduces. The declined electrochromic propertiey of NiOx with the increase of annealing temperature is also found.
Transmission Properties of Thue-Morse Quasi-Periodic 1D Superconducting Photonic Crystals
Authors: Wu Ji Jiang , Gao Jin Xia
Published: August 2011

The transmission properties of Thue-Morse quasi-periodic one-dimensional photonic crystals (1DPCs) containing superconducting material are theoretically investigated based on the transfer matrix method. It is shown that the 1DPCs can possess a same photonic band gap property as the periodic structure superconducting PC. The results of transmittance spectra show that the cutoff frequency can be manipulated through the thicknesses of the superconductor and dielectric layers as well as the ambient temperature of the system. It is observed that the shift of cutoff frequency becomes more noticeable by adjusting the thickness of the superconductor layer than that of the dielectric one. Furthermore, the cutoff frequency becomes very sensitive when the system temperature is tuned to close vicinity of the critical temperature of the superconductor.
Study on the Stability and Phase Transition of Precipitated Phases Al6Fe and Al3Fe in Al-Fe Alloy
Authors: Qu Hua , Liu Wei Dong
Published: August 2011

Based on the empirical electron theory of solids and molecules theory(EET), the valence electron structures(VESs) of the strengthening phases Al3Fe and Al6Fe in Al-Fe alloy are calculated, then the stability of Al3Fe and Al6Fe, the precipitated sequence under the non-equilibrium solidification, the phase transition during aging and the effects of alloy elements are discussed. The results show that the values of covalent electron pairs on the strongest bondn1, the total forming bond abilityF, and the number of atom state groupσNof Al3Fe and Al6Fe are bigger than that of Mg17Al12 and Mg2Si, so the stability of Al3Fe and Al6Fe is better. The total forming bond ability of Al6Fe is far smaller than that of Al3Fe, so Al6Fe generates first under the equilibrium solidification. The strongest bond of Al6Fe is weaker than that of Al3Fe, so Al6Fe is easy to be broken up and form the more stable Al3Fe finally during aging. The addition of alloy elements changes the VES of Al6Fe and makes its values ofF,σNandn1increased, the stability of Al6Fe is strengthened too, which delays the Al6Fe→Al3Fe transition and improves the transition temperature.
Effect of Al Content on the Microstructure and Property of TiC/Al Ceramic Matrix Coating Deposited by Laser Cladding on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy
Authors: Wang Jian Hong , Cheng Jun , Bai Pei Kang , Li Yu Xin
Published: August 2011

Laser surface cladding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy by Ti+C+Al powders (Titanium and carbon powders with an atomic ratio of 1:1 were mixed with 20-40wt.% aluminum powders) was investigated. TiC particles were in situ formed mainly during the solidification. Effect of Al content on the porosity and microstructure of the cladding layer was studied. The resultant microstructure in the modified surface layer was characterized and the micro-hardness on the cladding layers was measured, as well as the wear rates. The results show that the coating had good metallurgical bonding with substrate when the Al mass fraction in Al-Ti-C system is 30 %. The micro-hardness of coating is 802HV0.5 which is 2~3 times as that of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy approximately.
Influence of Ru on the Microstructure of Ni-Base Single Crystal Superalloys
Authors: Sun Fei , Zhang Jian Xin
Published: August 2011

Addition of Ru in Ni-base single crystal superalloys had been used to improve the elevated temperature strength and other multiple properties. Significant decreases in stacking fault energy of the γ phase and the volume fraction of γ′ phase are observed with the addition of Ru. As well as serving as an effective solid-solution strengthening element in high refractory content Ni-base single crystal superalloys, Ru additions are able to effectively strengthen both the γ and γ′ phases and suppress the formation of TCP phases. Due to the changes in the partitioning behavior of elements and the slight decrease in the supersaturation of refractory elements in γ phase associated with Ru additions, high temperature creep resistance and the microstructural stability of the alloy are improved remarkable. The influence of Ru on the microstructure of Ni-base single crystal superalloys is reviewed.
Influences of Modified Chemical Blowing Agents on Foaming of Wood Plastic Composites Prepared from Poly(Vinyl Chloride) and Rice Hull
Authors: Petchwattana Nawadon , Covavisaruch Sirijutaratana
Published: August 2011

The influences of the types of chemical blowing agent (CBA) namely endothermic, exothermic and their mixture, on the properties of the foamed poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and rice hull wood plastic composites (WPC) were investigated in the current research. Specifically, azodicarbonamide and sodium bicarbonate were selected to represent the exothermic the endothermic CBA respectively. Particles of sodium bicarbonate and azodicarbonamide were modified with 25 wt% citric acid and 20 wt% ZnO respectively, and they were used at 0 to 3.0 wt%. Maximum reduction of density by 45% was achieved when the exothermic CBA was applied at 2.0% by weight. Overall, the flexural properties decreased as the level of the CBA was increased from 0-2.0 wt%, but there was an upturn when the CBA reached 3.0 wt%. The mixture of exo/endothermic CBA illustrated the mechanical properties averaged between their parents.
Study on Topology Design of Wireless Power Transfer for Electric Vehicle Based on Magnetic Resonance Coupling
Authors: Qiang Hao , Huang Xue Liang , Tan Lin Lin , Huang Hui
Published: August 2011

Wireless power transfer (WPT) is required for the diffusion of Electric Vehicle (EV) because it makes possible the process of automatically charging EV. Magnetic resonance coupling is a new technology for WPT, which can transfer a large amount of energy with high efficiency in middle distance. In this paper the topology design of WPT for EV by using this technology is investigated. Through theoretical analysis we obtain expressions of optimal efficiency with different topologies based on equivalent circuits and define a condition criterion, which is related with load resistance, transmission distance, resonance frequency and coil size. According to the condition criterion we can design the appropriate topology easily to guarantee optimal transmission efficiency. Finally, simulations and experiments show that the defined condition criterion has high sensitivity and the proposed method of designing topology is effective and feasible.
Regression Analysis of Ship Principal Dimensions Based on Improved PSO-BP Algorithm
Authors: Hou Yuan Hang , Huang Sheng , Wang Wen Quan , Hu Yu Long
Published: August 2011

The principal dimensions of naval ships regression analysis via trained BP network by improved PSO is proposed in this paper. Firstly, learning factor is adjusted dynamically, and the improved PSO is implanted in the BP network. Then improved PSO-BP is imported when establishing the regression model of ships’ principal dimensions and comparing its results with the results of polynomial regression. The result shows that BP network trained by improved PSO has higher accuracy and fine character of subsection smooth. Therefore, the model has guidance effect of importance to ship’s top demonstration and preliminary design.
Effect of Additives on Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Molybdate Conversion Coatings Deposited on AZ31B Mg Alloy
Authors: Yang Li Hui , Zhang Mi Lin , Lin Cun Guo , Wu Jian Hua
Published: August 2011

Molybdate conversion coatings were prepared on AZ31B Mg alloy in a molybdate based solution with additives of sodium fluoride (NaF) or lanthanum nitrate (La(NO3)3). The effects of F- and La3+ additives on the morphology and on the corrosion resistance of the molybdate coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and potentiodynamic polarization analysis. The results revealed that these additives could accelerate the deposition of molybdenum on the surface of AZ31B magnesium alloy. It can be seen that the composite conversion coatings consist of many spherical particles. It is also found that the corrosion resistance is greatly improved after molybdate treatment. The films formed in F- additive solution showed lower corrosion current density than in La3+ additive solution.
Research on the Parameter Calibration of the Internal-Combustion Engine Work Process Simulation Model
Authors: Niu Qing Yin , Fan Chao , Wang Xian Chen , Zhao Yi Wu , Dong Yu Cai
Published: August 2011

The computer simulation technology of the work process of internal-combustion engine is the important measure to study the internal-combustion engine, but generally, because of the uncertainty of input parameters, the precision of the simulation model of the engine work process, which largely limits the application of the simulation model, so the parameters of the simulation model needs to be calibrated. Taking the work process of the certain one type turbocharging diesel engine as the example, and combining the genetic algorithm with the ant colony algorithm, the parameter combination which can satisfy the requirements of precision, is selected in this article to effectively reduce the simulation experiment times of parameter calibration, and realize the automatic calibration of the simulation model parameters. By comparing and analyzing the practical result of the experiment and the result of the simulation computation, the effectiveness of the algorithm has been validated in the article.
Application of Vibration Test Methods in Cement-Treated Aggregate
Authors: Liu Jia , Zhang Rong Hui , Mai Can Qiang
Published: August 2011

The disease causes by the application of cement-stabilized macadam in our country first-class highway mainly performance as serious shrinkage fracture and other destructions like decreased capacity etc.This mainly related to test, design and other methods of the cement stabilized macadam. In the cement stabilization granular base construction,according to the standard job practice, uses the inorganic binding stable material compaction test to perform the standard compaction test. Doing compactness test at the scene, always present that the dry weight density is bigger than the maximum value result made by compaction test, result made by compactness test can more than 100%.The compaction principle of vibration compaction test is through pressure exciting force over the compacted materials,forced the downing of solid materials have a "resonance", In this state, the small particles aggregate can filling the gap between the large particles aggregate, to achieve the dense state. And during this process do not need too much water as lubricant. Therefore the vibration compaction test definite intensity result tallies with the scene reality. To imitation effects of roller compacted to improve the performance of cement stabilized gravel, the use of vibration method designed cement stabilized gravel is very necessary and timely.
Application and Study of Reactive Polyacrylate Microgel in Pigment Paint of Printed Fabric
Authors: Xing Hong Long , Chen Shui Lin
Published: August 2011

Polyacrylate microgel emulsion was prepared by emulsion polymerization using styrene, α-n-butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate as monomer, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether (TX-30) and sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) as combine emulsifier, divinyl benzene and ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator，respectively. The prepared microgel was analyzed by a variety of measurment methods, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The effect of microgel on the rheological properties of adhesives, leveling, mechanical properties and pigment printing performance was studied. The rhelogy and the color fastness of the pigment printing binder of printed fabrics were measured by rheometer and friction color fastness test instruments, respectively. At the same time, the mechanical properties of the adhesive film was measured by strength tester. The results show that the thixotropy, leveling and mechanical properties of adhesive printing binder and pringting quality of coating fabrics were improved when the microgel was added.
A Study on the Electrochemical Properties of LiFePO4 Doping with Different Diameter MWCNTs
Authors: Zeng Zhi Feng , Zhang Hai Yan , Hu Xi Duo
Published: August 2011

The LiFePO4/MWCNTs composite used as cathode was synthesized by ball milling. XRD and SEM experiments demonstrated that MWCNTs didn’t change the olivine structure of LiFePO4and that MWCNTs decentralized into the grains of LiFePO4and working as electric bridge improving the electrochemical properties of LiFePO4. The electrochemical performance of the composite electrodes with different MWNTs in diameter were studied by button cell. The result indicated that the composite with largest diameter MWNTs exhibited best electrochemical performance. The first charge-discharge specific capacity of the composite with MWNTs of 60-100nm in diameter were 136mAh/g-1 and 129 mAh/g-1 respectively at 0.1C rate under room temperature. The difference between charge-discharge platforms of the composite electrode was the least compared to the others. This phenomenon showed that the material had the largest chemical diffusion coefficient of lithium. At the same time, the capacity of the composite only lost 4.0％ after 10 cycles and kept constant after 20 cycles.
Study on Permeability Coefficient of Different Bamboo/Fir Veneer Surface
Authors: Yao Li Hong , Wang Xi Ming , Fei Ben Hua
Published: August 2011

Permeability coefficient is an important indicator of surface wettability and permeability, which influenced by the surface roughness. In this paper, bamboo and fir veneer as raw material, the contact angle of phenolic resin adhesives in different surface roughness of outer cuticle of bamboo, inner skin of bamboo, tight side of Chinese fir veneer and loose side of Chinese fir veneer were measured, and then use the software Spass non-linear fitting for permeability coefficient, and analysis of variance of the results by SAS software. The results show that permeability coefficient of four different kinds of surface variance analysis models are significantly, permeability coefficient of fir veneer is larger than bamboo surface; permeability coefficient of tight side of fir veneer is larger than loose side; permeability coefficient of inner skin of bamboo is larger than outer cuticle of bamboo. Permeability coefficients decrease first and then increased when mesh sandpaper increasing.
Investigation on Surface Crack of C38N2 Automobile Engine Crankshaft
Authors: Yang Zhong , Liu Ya Zheng , Zhou Le Yu , Li Guo Wei , Zhang Dan
Published: August 2011

Defect in surface induction hardening layer at the eccentric axle neck of C38N2 automobile engine crankshaft was investigated. Fracture morphology and microstructure of the defect were analyzed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, and compared with the microstructure characteristics in defect-free locations. And the reasons and the technical procedures of the defects were discussed. The results indicated that the surface defect is a quenching crack caused by induction hardening process. The crack propagation is along prior-austenite grain boundaries and is affected by MnS inclusions. Martensite lath in surface hardening layer at position having 45° or 90° with mouldjoint is shorter than that at the defect position. Distribution characteristics of inclusions at different positions have significant difference. Inclusions in the defect position are slender spindle and are distributed nearly vertical the crankshaft surface. Distribution of the inclusions in the 45° position is approximately parallel to the crankshaft surface. And the inclusions in the 90° position are mostly graininess. Distributional difference of the inclusions at the different positions is related to uneven flowing of metal during stamp forging process.
Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of Mg-1Zn-0.5Ca Alloy
Authors: Li Xue Song , Wang Li Dong , Zhao Jian Wu , Liu Jian Sheng , Wang Li Min
Published: August 2011

Mg-1Zn-0.5Ca alloy was prepared by casting technology. The as-cast alloy was solution treated at 470°C for 24 h and aged at 175°C for 0-50 h. The microstructure, mechanical properties and electrochemical corrosion behavior of the alloys were investigated. The results showed that the average grain size of the as-cast alloy was 120-150 μm, and the precipitated phases were distributed uniformly in α-Mg grain. The as-cast alloy showed good mechanical properties. The tensile strength was 186 MPa, and ductility was 23%. A typical age softening responses was obtained during the aging treatment. In the electrochemical corrosion tests, corrosion of the alloys is improved in Hank’s solution and 3.5wt% NaCl solution after the solution and aged treatment. However, the aged treated alloys showed the better electrochemical corrosion resistance.
Effect of Nano-Sized ZnO Particle Addition on PVDF Ultraﬁltration Membrane Performance
Authors: He Yang , Hong Jun Ming
Published: August 2011

In this study, a polyvinylidene ﬂuoride (PVDF) ultraﬁltration (UF) membrane was modiﬁed by dispersing nano-sized ZnO particles in a PVDF solution. PVDF membranes were fabricated by a phase inversion method. The permeation ﬂux, mechanical properties, rejection of BSA aqueous solution and reclaimed water treatment were examined. The results indicate that the permeation ﬂux of the modiﬁed membrane was lower than the neat PVDF membrane. The maximum tension force and tensile elongation length were improved initially for the modified membrane. The rejection of BSA aqueous solution was improved to 98.4%, while the neat PVDF membrane was 87.26%, and the relative water ﬂux reduction was lower than the neat PVDF membrane. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of the reclaimed water treated by the modiﬁed membrane was 46.36%, while the neat PVDF membrane was 14.09%.
Measurement of Transverse Permeability of Fabric Preforms Using Ultrasound Monitoring Technique in LCM Processes
Authors: Jiang Jin Hua , Wang Ze Xing , Chen Nan Liang
Published: August 2011

Processes of the Liquid Composite Molding (LCM) are widely used in composites produced by impregnation of a dry preform with liquid resin. The resin flow through the preform is usually described by Darcy’s law and the permeability tensor must be obtained for filling process analysis and characterizing the ability of a porous material to be impregnated by a resin ﬂuid. In generally, resin flow in the thickness direction can be neglected for thin parts, but the resin flow in the transverse direction is important for thicker parts. In this study, the transverse permeability measurement device using ultrasound method was developed, the transverse ﬂowfront could be calculated, and global effective permeability and transverse were studied.
Effect of Composite Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Material on Asphalt Mixture Temperature
Authors: Ma Biao , Li Jun , Wang Xiao Man , Xiao Nan
Published: August 2011

It provides a new way to solve the worldwide the low-temperature cracking and high temperature rutting distresses of the asphalt pavement, by mixing the composite shape-stabilized phase change material (CSPCM) to asphalt mixture. The effect of CSPCM on the temperature of asphalt mixture is analyzed by the monotonic cooling test, the monotonic heating test and the outdoor simulating cycle test. The results of monotonic cooling and heating tests indicate that mixing CSPCM into asphalt mixture can increase the temperature of asphalt mixture during cooling process and decrease the temperature of asphalt mixture during heating process. It has a temperature damping effect as well. The results of outdoor simulation test shows that mixing CSPCM into asphalt mixture decreases the maximum temperature of the bottom of the specimen and increases the minimum temperature of the bottom of the specimen. It cannot change the critical temperature occurring time of the bottom of the specimen. The test results indicate that mixing CSPCM into asphalt mixture could actively adjust the working temperature of asphalt mixture, prolong the ideal temperature of asphalt mixture and improve asphalt mixture’s adaptability to the changing environment.
Thermal Conductivity of the Diamond-Cu Composites with Chromium Addition
Authors: Zuo Qiang , Wang Wei , Gu Meng Sen , Fang Hai Jiang , Ma Li , Wang Peng , Li Jian Xin , Hu Xing , Zhang Ying Jiu
Published: August 2011

The continuous progress of the electronic industries put forward a new requirement to the electronic components that must have an excellent heat conduction performance. Thus diamond-Cu composite is developed as a high thermal conductivity and low coefficient of thermal expansion material. A vacuum hot pressing method is chosen to prepare diamond-Cu composites and the thermal conductivity of the diamond-Cu composite is researched. The effects of different contents of chromium, the size of diamond particles and the content of diamond particles on the thermal conductivity of the diamond-Cu composite are discussed. The results demonstrate that the chromium element can improve the thermal conductivity of the composites and the thermal conductivity is largest when the content of chromium is 3 percent.
Safety Investigation and Analysis for Highway Tunnel Entrance Pavement
Authors: Jiang Xiao Xia , Hu Yong Shen
Published: August 2011

Based on the investigation and analysis on the pavement structure, material and traffic accidents of highway tunnel, security and function of transition section at highway tunnel’s entrance and exit are analyzed, and some useful suggestions for tunnel’s transition pavement structure are given in this article.
Modified Singh-Mitchell Creep Model for EPS Composite Soil
Authors: Gao Hong Mei , Chen Guo Xing
Published: August 2011

EPS composite soil is a new kind of lightweight fill material. Its engineering properties have been widely studied. However, the creep behavior has not been well investigated. In this study, triaxial undrained creep test is conducted on EPS composite soil regarding various confining pressures. Based on the testing results, a modified Singh-Mitchell creep model is established for EPS composite soil considering the influence of the deviator stress on the parameter m. Compared with the original Singh-Mitchell model, the modified creep model can well describe the creep behavior of EPS composite soil. It can provide references for engineers to design the project using EPS composite soil.
Preparation and Performance Testing of Chitosan-Ibuprofen Sustained Release Microspheres
Authors: Wang Qin
Published: August 2011

The chitosan-ibuprofen sustained release mcrospheres have been prepared by the emulsion cross-linked method, and the samples are characterized by EMS(electron microscope) and vitro.UV spectrophotometer. Research results indicate that the concentrations of IBF in solution are different with the different pH conditions. The quantities of cross linking agent, the mass ratio and temperature are selected to optimize on the MIC’s size and morphology.
Influence of SiC Particle Size on the Wear Properties of SiC/Cu Composites
Authors: Qin Yong Qiang , Wu Yu Cheng , Wang De Bao , Li Peng , Huang Xin Min , Zheng Yu Chun
Published: August 2011

In this paper, we systematically investigated the influence of SiC particle size on the wear properties of the SiC particle reinforced Cu matrix composite prepared by powder metallurgy process. Under low load (≤120N), the increase of the SiC particle size contributes to the improvement of the abrasive resistance and the main abrasion mechanism is abrasive wear. With the increase of the load, the large SiC particle is easy to break and exfoliate, leading to delamination wear and the decrease of the strength. Under higher load (≥120N), the small size of the SiC reinforcement particle which can reduce the plastic deformation of the subsurface efficiently has significant enhancement effect of the SiC/Cu composite, avoiding delamination fracture.
Sintering Pot Test on Improving TiO2-Containing Ore’s Allocated Proportion
Authors: Yin Zhen Kui , Li Jing She , Yang Shu Feng
Published: August 2011

The effects of different TiO2-containing ore’s allocated proportion on quality, mineral structure and sintering process of Xuan steel sinter were studied in this paper. The results showed that the increasing of the TiO2-containing ore’s allocated proportion was disadvantageous to the sinter sample’s anti-compressive strength, and the yield and tumbler strength of sinter were decreased although the velocity of sintering was improved. The tumbler strength decreased from 68.67% to 63.33%, and the main reason is that the content of perovskite increases and the content of calcium ferrite decreases with the increasing of TiO2-content in the sinter. The TiO2-content in the sinter should be controlled less than 1.3% considering effect of TiO2-content on sintering process, burdening and iron making of blast furnace in all.
Surface Modification of Carbon Aerogels for LiFePO4 Composites
Authors: Ma Xin Sheng , Chen Jun Ru , Zhang Shu Cheng , Xu Yun Long , Li Hui Ping , Yu Jian Guo
Published: August 2011

Carbon aerogels were modified by ammonia solution assisted by microwave radiation in order to obtain materials with good dispersion stability in water and satisfactory electrical conductivity simultaneously. Several techniques were used to characterize the materials including FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, Zeta potential, Four-Point Probe and nitrogen adsorption. The results revealed that the dispersion stability of carbon aerogels in water got better and electrical conductivity of carbon aerogels increased at first and then decreased with the increase of microwave heating time, which were closely associated with oxygen surface groups and degree of graphitization and pore structure. As a good template, the modified carbon aerogels with good dispersion stability and electrical conductivity were used to synthesize LiFePO4 composites, and the improved electrochemical properties of these composites were characterized by means of Four-Point Probe and galvanostatic charging/discharging.
Shape Detecting and Shape Control of Cold Rolling Strip
Authors: Yang Li Po , Yu Bing Qiang
Published: August 2011

Based on the shape detecting principle and the DSP (Digital Signal Processing) technology, a high-precision shape detecting system of cold rolling strip is developed to meet industrial application. It was successfully used in Angang 1250 mm HC 6-high reversible cold rolling mill. The precision of shape detecting was 0.2 I, the shape deviation was controlled within 6 I after the close loop shape control was input.
Stress Field Numerical Simulation of the Inclusions in Large Rudder Arm Steel Casting
Authors: Xie Jing Pei , Wang Ai Qin , Wang Wen Yan , Li Ji Wen , Yang Di Xin , Zhang Ke Feng , Ma Dou Qin
Published: August 2011

The influences of non-metallic inclusions on the quality and properties of the steel not only depended on the quantity of inclusions, but also on the type、shape、size、deformation behavior and distribution condition. By means of ANSYS finite element analysis software, the stress field distribution in the inclusions and the matrix around the inclusions are analyzed under the condition of different kinds of types、shapes、distributions with changeable load in heavy rudder arm steel castings, then micromechanics behavior of inclusions is investigated from angle of macro mechanics.
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyimide/Silica Nanocomposites
Authors: Cheng Jian Li , Zhou Cun , Peng Hao , Wang Huan , Sun Yu
Published: August 2011

Two kind of polyimide/silica nanocomposites which were recorded poly(amic acid)/ silica(PAA/SiO2) and SiO2in poly(amic acid) ammonium salt(PAS/SiO2) respectively, have been prepared for different methods. The size of SiO2in PAA/SiO2and PAS/SiO2are measured by Particle size analysis and the average particle size are 377nm and 53.7nm. Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) images of PAS/ SiO2confirm that the size of particles are ranged from 40 to 80nm. The stuctures of samples have been characterized by FT-IR spectra. The thermal stability of PAA/SiO2and PAS/SiO2are studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the thermal behaviors were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in this paper. It is shown that PAA/SiO2have slightly better thermal properties than that of PAS/SiO2. The results obtained from Instron universal strength tester present the water-solube PAS/SiO2own the excellent mechanical prperties as same as PAA/SiO2.
Study on Tribology Properties of Graphite/TiC/Ni-Base Alloy Composite Coating
Authors: Cai Bin , Tan Ye Fa , Ji Hui Yong , Wang Xiao Long , He Long , Jing Qi Feng
Published: August 2011

In order to reduce friction coefficient of the Ni-base alloy coating and further improve its wear resistance, the graphite/TiC/Ni-base alloy composite coating was prepared on the surface of 45 carbon steel by plasma spray. Effects of loads, friction counterparts and lubricants on tribological properties of the coating were investigated. The results show that friction coefficient of the composite coating is reduced by 33% than that of the Ni-base alloy coating when worn against GCr15. Wear losses of the composite coating are less than those of the Ni-base alloy coating at all loads of 6N, 8N, 10N and 12N. Worn against Si3N4, friction coefficient of the composite coating is 13% less than that worn against GCr15, but its wear loss is 2.9 times of that worn against GCr15. Wear mechanism of the composite coating is micro cutting and brittle fraction when worn against Si3N4. Under lubrication of NaCl solution, friction coefficient of the composite coating is almost the same as that under dry sliding, wear loss is increased by 1.6 times. Stress corrosion and wedging effects of the NaCl solution are main wear mechanisms of the composite coating.