bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative analysis of 2D and 3D experimental data for the identification of the parameters of computational models
Authors: Cortesi Marilisa , Liu Dongli , Yee Christine , Marsh Deborah J. , Ford Caroline E.
Published: September 2023

Computational models are becoming an increasingly valuable tool in biomedical research. Their accuracy and effectiveness, however, rely on the identification of suitable parameters and on appropriate validation of the in-silico framework. Both these steps are highly dependent on the experimental model used as a reference to acquire the data. Selecting the most appropriate experimental framework thus becomes key, together with the analysis of the effect of combining results from different experimental models, a common practice often necessary due to limited data availability. In this work, the same in-silico model of ovarian cancer cell growth and metastasis, was calibrated with datasets acquired from traditional 2D monolayers, 3D cell culture models or a combination of the two. The comparison between the parameters sets obtained in the different conditions, together with the corresponding simulated behaviours, is presented. It provides a framework for the study of the effect of the different experimental models on the development of computational systems. This work also provides a set of general guidelines for the comparative testing and selection of experimental models and protocols to be used for parameter optimization in computational models.
Modelling antimicrobial resistance transmission to guide personalized antimicrobial stewardship interventions and infection control policies in healthcare setting: a pilot study
Authors: Durazzi Francesco , Pezzani Maria Diletta , Arieti Fabiana , Simonetti Omar , Canziani Lorenzo Maria , Carrara Elena , Barbato Lorenzo , Onorati Francesco , Remondini Daniel , Tacconelli Evelina
Published: September 2023

Infection control programs and antimicrobial stewardship have been proven effective in reducing the burden of diseases due to multidrug-resistant organisms, but quantifying the effect of each intervention is an open issue. For this aim, we propose a model to characterize the effect of interventions at single ward level. We adapted the Ross-Macdonald model to describe hospital cross-transmission dynamics of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP), considering healthcare workers as the vectors transmitting susceptible and resistant pathogens among admitted patients. The model parameters were estimated from a literature review, further adjusted to reproduce observed clinical outcomes, and validated using real life data from a 2-year study in a university hospital. The model has been further explored through extensive sensitivity analysis, in order to assess the relevance of single interventions as well as their synergistic effects. Our model has been shown to be an effective tool to describe and predict the impact of interventions in reducing the prevalence of CRKP colonisation and infection, and can be extended to other specific hospital and pathological scenarios to produce tailored estimates of the most effective strategies.
Harmonic dependence of thermal magnetic particle imaging
Authors: Bui Thinh Q. , Henn Mark-Alexander , Tew Weston L. , Catterton Megan A. , Woods Solomon I.
Published: September 2023

Advances in instrumentation and tracer materials are still required to enable sensitive, accurate, and localized in situ 3D temperature monitoring by magnetic particle imaging (MPI). We have developed a high-resolution magnetic particle imaging instrument and implemented a low-noise multi-harmonic lock-in detection method to observe and quantify temperature variations in iron oxide nanoparticle tracers using the harmonic ratio method for determining temperature. Using isolated harmonics for MPI and temperature imaging revealed an apparent dependence of imaging resolution on harmonic number. Thus, we present experimental and simulation studies to quantify the imaging resolution dependence on temperature and harmonic number, and directly validate the fundamental origin of MPI imaging resolution on harmonic number based on the concept of a harmonic point-spread-function.
Computational evidence for multi-layer crosstalk between the cadherin-11 and PDGFR pathways
Authors: Karagöz Zeynep , Passanha Fiona R. , Robeerst Lars , van Griensven Martijn , LaPointe Vanessa L. S. , Carlier Aurélie
Published: September 2023

Various cell surface receptors play an important role in the differentiation and self-renewal of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). One example of such receptors are the cadherins, which maintain cell–cell adhesion and mechanically couple cells together. Recently, cadherin-11, which is a member of the type II classical cadherin family, has been shown to be involved in the fate commitment of hMSCs. Interestingly, cadherin-11 has no known intrinsic signaling activity and is thought to affect cell behavior via interactions with other cell surface receptors. Members of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) family are hypothesized to be one of the interaction partners of cadherin-11. Experiments confirmed that PDGFR-α binding to extracellular cadherin-11 regions increases the PDGFR-α activity, whereas the interaction between PDGFR-β and cadherin-11 suppresses the activity of the growth factor receptor. Cadherin-11 knockdown experiments also decreased cell proliferation. These interactions between cadherin-11 and PDGFRs indicate a crosstalk between these receptors and their downstream signaling activities but the nature of this crosstalk is not entirely known. In this study, we used a computational model to represent the experimentally proven interactions between cadherin-11 and the two PDGFRs and we inspected whether the crosstalk also exists downstream of the signaling initiated by the two receptor families. The computational framework allowed us to monitor the relative activity levels of each protein in the network. We performed model simulations to mimic the conditions of previous cadherin-11 knockdown experiments and to predict the effect of crosstalk on cell proliferation. Overall, our predictions suggest the existence of another layer of crosstalk, namely between β-catenin (downstream to cadherin-11) and an ERK inhibitor protein (e.g. DUSP1), different than the crosstalk at the receptor level between cadherin-11 and PDGFR-α and -β. By investigating the multi-level crosstalk between cadherin and PDGFRs computationally, this study contributes to an improved understanding of the effect of cell surface receptors on hMSCs proliferation.
Reduced effects of social feedback on learning in Turner syndrome
Authors: Björlin Avdic Hanna , Strannegård Claes , Engberg Hedvig , Willfors Charlotte , Nordgren Ida , Frisén Louise , Hirschberg Angelica Lindén , Guath Mona , Nordgren Ann , Kleberg Johan Lundin
Published: September 2023

Turner syndrome is a genetic condition caused by a complete or partial loss of one of the X chromosomes. Previous studies indicate that Turner syndrome is associated with challenges in social skills, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. A possible mechanism is a reduced social influence on learning. The current study examined the impact of social and non-social feedback on learning in women with Turner syndrome (n = 35) and a sex- and age-matched control group (n = 37). Participants were instructed to earn points by repeatedly choosing between two stimuli with unequal probabilities of resulting in a reward. Mastering the task therefore required participants to learn through feedback which of the two stimuli was more likely to be rewarded. Data were analyzed using computational modeling and analyses of choice behavior. Social feedback led to a more explorative choice behavior in the control group, resulting in reduced learning compared to non-social feedback. No effects of social feedback on learning were found in Turner syndrome. The current study thus indicates that women with Turner syndrome may be less sensitive to social influences on reinforcement learning, than the general population.
Gait disorders induced by photothrombotic cerebellar stroke in mice
Authors: Inoue Keisuke , Asaka Meiko , Lee Sachiko , Ishikawa Kinya , Yanagihara Dai
Published: September 2023

Patients with cerebellar stroke display relatively mild ataxic gaits. These motor deficits often improve dramatically; however, the neural mechanisms of this improvement have yet to be elucidated. Previous studies in mouse models of gait ataxia, such as ho15J mice and cbln1-null mice, have shown that they have a dysfunction of parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses in the cerebellum. However, the effects of cerebellar stroke on the locomotor kinematics of wild-type mice are currently unknown. Here, we performed a kinematic analysis of gait ataxia caused by a photothrombotic stroke in the medial, vermal, and intermediate regions of the cerebellum of wild-type mice. We used the data and observations from this analysis to develop a model that will allow locomotive prognosis and indicate potential treatment regimens following a cerebellar stroke. Our analysis showed that mice performed poorly in a ladder rung test after a stroke. During walking on a treadmill, the mice with induced cerebellar stroke had an increased duty ratio of the hindlimb caused by shortened duration of the swing phase. Overall, our findings suggest that photothrombotic cerebellar infarction and kinematic gait analyses will provide a useful model for quantification of different types of acute management of cerebellar stroke in rodents.
Associative memory by virtual oscillator network based on single spin-torque oscillator
Authors: Imai Yusuke , Taniguchi Tomohiro
Published: September 2023

A coupled oscillator network may be able to perform an energy-efficient associative memory operation. However, its realization has been difficult because inhomogeneities unavoidably arise among the oscillators during fabrication and lead to an unreliable operation. This issue could be resolved if the oscillator network were able to be formed from a single oscillator. Here, we performed numerical simulations and theoretical analyses on an associative memory operation that uses a virtual oscillator network based on a spin-torque oscillator. The virtual network combines the concept of coupled oscillators with that of feedforward neural networks. Numerical experiments demonstrate successful associations of 60-pixel patterns with various memorized patterns. Moreover, the origin of the associative memory is shown to be forced synchronization driven by feedforward input, where phase differences among oscillators are fixed and correspond to the colors of the pixels in the pattern.
Synthesis and characterization of a novel magnetic chitosan–nickel ferrite nanocomposite for antibacterial and antioxidant properties
Authors: Shokri Samira , Shariatifar Nabi , Molaee-Aghaee Ebrahim , Khaniki Gholamreza Jahed , Sadighara Parisa , Faramarzi Mohammad Ali , Mohammadi Mansoureh , Rezagholizade-shirvan Alieh
Published: September 2023

A novel nanomagnet modified with nickel ferrite nanoparticles (NPs) coated with hybrid chitosan (Cs–NiFe2O4) was synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The resulting nanomagnets were characterized using various techniques. The size of the nanomagnetic particles was estimated to be about 40 nm based on the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) pattern (using the Debye–Scherrer equation). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicated that the surface of Cs–NiFe2O4 NPs is flatter and smoother than the uncoated NiFe2O4 NPs. According to value stream mapping (VSM) analysis, the magnetization value of Cs–NiFe2O4 NPs (17.34 emu/g) was significantly lower than NiFe2O4 NPs (40.67 emu/g). The Cs–NiFe2O4 NPs indicated higher antibacterial properties than NiFe2O4 NPs and Cs. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of Cs–NiFe2O4 NPs against S. aureus and E. coli were 128 and 256 mg/mL, respectively. Antioxidant activity (evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging test) for NiFe2O4 NPs and Cs–NiFe2O4 NPs at the concentration of 100 µg/mL were 35% and 42%, respectively. Consequently, the synthesized Cs–NiFe2O4 NPs can be proposed as a viable material for biomedical applications.
Surfactant supported chitosan for efficient removal of Cr(VI) and anionic food stuff dyes from aquatic solutions
Authors: Akl Magda A. , Mostafa Aya G. , Abdelaal Magdy Y. , Nour Mennat Allah K.
Published: September 2023

In order to develop a novel and cost-effective adsorbent with outstanding adsorption capacity and excellent recyclability for anionic pollutants, the chitosan-modified cetyltrimethylammonium bromide sorbent (CS@CTAB) was fabricated. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm, elemental analysis, Thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and Scanning electron microscopy have been applied to evaluate both raw and surfactant modified chitosan (CS@CTAB). Azorubine, Sunset Yellow, and hexavalent chromium were used to study the adsorption behavior of CS@CTAB under various parameters such as adsorbent dose, initial dye and metal ion concentration, contact time, and temperature. Adsorption equilibrium, kinetics models and thermodynamic parameters were investigated. The adsorption isotherm fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 492.6 mg/g, 492.6 mg/g, and 490.196 mg/g for Azorubine, Sunset Yellow, and Hexavalent Chromium, respectively. The kinetic studies showed that the pseudo-second-order model provided a better correlation between experimental data. Furthermore, the calculated thermodynamic parameters confirmed that the adsorption of Cr(VI), E110, and E122 by CS@CTAB material is a spontaneous and exothermic process. The fabricated CS@CTAB adsorbent was employed for the efficient elimination of Azorubine, Sunset Yellow, and hexavalent chromium from real water samples, synthetic mixtures, and colored soft drinks, with a percentage of recovery of ~ 96%. The plausible adsorption mechanisms of Azorubine, Sunset Yellow, and hexavalent chromium on the surface of CS@CTAB are elucidated. The adsorption anticipated to be due to electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bond formation for hexavalent chromium; while the adsorption of Azorubine and Sunset Yellow, was assumed to be due to electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, and n-π interaction. Finally, the study demonstrates the efficiency of CS@CTAB for the removal of anionic species from several samples, including natural water and colored beverages.
Comparisons among barley–pea mixed crop combinations in a replacement design as related to N fertilization and soil variation
Authors: Tavoletti Stefano , Cocco Stefania , Corti Giuseppe
Published: September 2023

Two field trials (2017 and 2018) evaluated the performance of barley–pea mixed cropping by comparing different sowing densities (replacement design) and tailoring N fertilization on barley sowing density (split-plot design). High and Low N inputs were applied to whole plots whereas barley and pea, as pure and in mixed crops, were applied to subplots. The 2017 trial suggested the occurrence of an interaction between soil physical properties and N fertilization. Therefore, in 2018 a pedological survey allowed the soil effect to be included in the ANOVA model applied to evaluate crop performance parameters, showing that N fertilization positively affected barley performance only in the soil unit located downslope. A significantly lower presence of weeds was observed in mixed crops rather than in pea pure crops. Overall, increasing pea density and reducing barley density in mixed crops, and tailoring N fertilization were effective approaches to obtain a more balanced mixed grain at harvest. The combination of crop performance evaluation and assessments of soil conditions suggested that more sustainable agricultural systems, based on mixed cropping and a significant reduction of N fertilizers and herbicides, can be achieved with barley–pea mixed cropping as an alternative to pure cropping systems.
Pyroptosis burden is associated with anti-TNF treatment outcome in inflammatory bowel disease: new insights from bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Gao Xin , Wang Chen , Shen Xiao-Tong , Li Chen-Yang , Li Yan-Chen , Gao He , Qian Jia-Ming , Zhang Xiao-Lan
Published: September 2023

Biological agents known as anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) drugs are frequently utilized in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we analyzed the shared processes of pyroptosis in Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), as well as explored the correlation between the burden of pyroptosis and the results of anti-TNF treatment based on bioinformatics analyses. We identifiedCAPS1,CASP5,GSDMD,AIM2, andNLRP3as the hub genes, with AIM2 being the most effective indicator for predicting the response to anti-TNF therapy. We also noticed that non-responders received anti-TNF therapy exhibited elevated AIM2 protein expression. Subsequently, we conducted a cluster analysis based on AIM2-inflammasome-related genes and discovered that patients with a higher burden of AIM2 inflammasome displayed stronger immune function and a poor response to anti-TNF therapy. Overall, our study elucidates the pathway of pyroptosis in IBD and reveals AIM2 expression level as a potential biomarker for predicting the effectiveness of anti-TNF therapy.
Comparing pentafecta outcomes between nerve sparing and non nerve sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in a propensity score-matched study
Authors: Bejrananda Tanan , Takahara Kiyoshi , Sowanthip Dutsadee , Motonaga Tomonari , Yagi Kota , Nakamura Wataru , Saruta Masanobu , Nukaya Takuhisa , Takenaka Masashi , Zennami Kenji , Ichino Manabu , Sasaki Hitomi , Sumitomo Makoto , Shiroki Ryoichi
Published: September 2023

Pentafecta (continence, potency, cancer control, free surgical margins, and no complications) is an important outcome of prostatectomy. Our objective was to assess the pentafecta achievement between nerve-spring and non-nerve-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in a large single-center cohort. The study included 1674 patients treated with RARP between August 2009 and November 2022 to assess the clinical outcomes. Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic significance of RARP for pentafecta achievement, and 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed between the nerve-sparing and non-nerve-sparing to test the validity of the results. Pentafecta definition included continence, which was defined as the use of zero pads; potency, which was defined as the ability to achieve and maintain satisfactory erections or ones firm enough for sexual activity and sexual intercourse. The biochemical recurrence rate was defined as two consecutive PSA levels > 0.2 ng/mL after RARP; 90-day Clavien–Dindo complications ≤ 3a; and a negative surgical pathologic margin. The median follow-up period was 61.3 months (IQR 6–159 months). A multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that pentafecta achievement was significantly associated with nerve-sparing (NS) approach (1188 patients) (OR 4.16; 95% CI 2.51–6.9), p < 0.001), unilateral nerve preservation (983 patients) (OR 3.83; 95% CI 2.31–6.37, p < 0.001) and bilateral nerve preservation (205 patients) (OR 7.43; 95% CI 4.14–13.36, p < 0.001). After propensity matching, pentafecta achievement rates in the NS (476 patients) and non-NS (476 patients) groups were 72 (15.1%) and 19 (4%), respectively. (p < 0.001). NS in RARP offers a superior advantage in pentafecta achievement compared with non-NS RARP. This validation study provides the pentafecta outcome after RARP associated with nerve-sparing in clinical practice.
Evaluation of the NRF1-proteasome axis as a therapeutic target in breast cancer
Authors: Byers Holly A. , Brooks Amy N. , Vangala Janakiram R. , Grible Jacqueline M. , Feygin Alex , Clevenger Charles V. , Harrell J. Chuck , Radhakrishnan Senthil K.
Published: September 2023

Proteasomes are multi-subunit complexes that specialize in protein degradation. Cancer cells exhibit a heightened dependence on proteasome activity, presumably to support their enhanced proliferation and other cancer-related characteristics. Here, a systematic analysis of TCGA breast cancer datasets revealed that proteasome subunit transcript levels are elevated in all intrinsic subtypes (luminal, HER2-enriched, and basal-like/triple-negative) when compared to normal breast tissue. Although these observations suggest a pan-breast cancer utility for proteasome inhibitors, our further experiments with breast cancer cell lines and patient-derived xenografts (PDX) pointed to triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) as the most sensitive subtype to proteasome inhibition. Finally, using TNBC cells, we extended our studies to in vivo xenograft experiments. Our previous work has firmly established a cytoprotective role for the transcription factor NRF1 via its ability to upregulate proteasome genes in response to proteasome inhibition. In further support of this notion, we show here that NRF1 depletion significantly reduced tumor burden in an MDA-MB-231 TNBC xenograft mouse model treated with carfilzomib. Taken together, our results point to TNBC as a particularly vulnerable breast cancer subtype to proteasome inhibition and provide a proof-of-principle for targeting NRF1 as a viable means to increase the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors in TNBC tumors.
Interpretable artificial intelligence for classification of alveolar bone defect in patients with cleft lip and palate
Authors: Miranda Felicia , Choudhari Vishakha , Barone Selene , Anchling Luc , Hutin Nathan , Gurgel Marcela , Al Turkestani Najla , Yatabe Marilia , Bianchi Jonas , Aliaga-Del Castillo Aron , Zupelari-Gonçalves Paulo , Edwards Sean , Garib Daniela , Cevidanes Lucia , Prieto Juan
Published: September 2023

Cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) is the most common congenital craniofacial anomaly and requires bone grafting of the alveolar cleft. This study aimed to develop a novel classification algorithm to assess the severity of alveolar bone defects in patients with CLP using three-dimensional (3D) surface models and to demonstrate through an interpretable artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithm the decisions provided by the classifier. Cone-beam computed tomography scans of 194 patients with CLP were used to train and test the performance of an automatic classification of the severity of alveolar bone defect. The shape, height, and width of the alveolar bone defect were assessed in automatically segmented maxillary 3D surface models to determine the ground truth classification index of its severity. The novel classifier algorithm renders the 3D surface models from different viewpoints and captures 2D image snapshots fed into a 2D Convolutional Neural Network. An interpretable AI algorithm was developed that uses features from each view and aggregated via Attention Layers to explain the classification. The precision, recall and F-1 score were 0.823, 0.816, and 0.817, respectively, with agreement ranging from 97.4 to 100% on the severity index within 1 group difference. The new classifier and interpretable AI algorithm presented satisfactory accuracy to classify the severity of alveolar bone defect morphology using 3D surface models of patients with CLP and graphically displaying the features that were considered during the deep learning model's classification decision.
Morphological characterization of wild Prunus scoparia Spach accessions in 11 provinces of Iran
Authors: Khadivi Ali , Mirheidari Farhad , Moradi Younes
Published: September 2023

Prunus scoparia (Spach) C. K. Schneid is among the most prevalent species which has the potential of being used as a dwarf rootstock for the cultivated almond. In the present study, the phenotypic variation of 521 wild accessions of this species naturally grown in 29 areas of 11 provinces in Iran was assessed. The accessions investigated showed significant differences based on the measured traits. The majority of the characters measured (90 out of 100) exhibited a coefficient of variation of higher than 20.00%, indicating considerable variation among the accessions. The range of nut-related characters was as follows: nut length: 9.72–22.87 mm, nut width: 5.81–15.54 mm, nut thickness: 5.67–12 mm, and nut weight: 0.18–0.99 mm. The range of kernel-related characters was as follows: kernel length: 6.83–19.23 mm, kernel width: 4.28–10.32 mm, kernel thickness: 2.16–7.52 mm, and kernel weight: 0.03–0.37 g. Kernel weight exhibited positive and significant correlations with nut length (r = 0.57), nut width (r = 0.54), nut thickness (r = 0.42), nut weight (r = 0.69), kernel length (r = 0.75), kernel width (r = 0.78), and kernel thickness (r = 0.58). Cluster analysis based on Ward’s method showed two different major clusters among all the accessions. Based on the bi-plot created using principal component analysis of population analysis, the studied 29 natural habitats formed four groups. The studied accessions showed considerable variation in terms of the measured traits within and among populations. This variation is due to cross-pollination, cross-incompatibility, natural hybridization, propagation by seeds, gene flow, and exchange of plant material between the study areas. By using crosses between accessions of different regions, it is possible to increase the amount of variability in different traits of wild almonds.
COSMOS: a platform for real-time morphology-based, label-free cell sorting using deep learning
Authors: Salek Mahyar , Li Nianzhen , Chou Hou-Pu , Saini Kiran , Jovic Andreja , Jacobs Kevin B. , Johnson Chassidy , Lu Vivian , Lee Esther J. , Chang Christina , Nguyen Phuc , Mei Jeanette , Pant Krishna P. , Wong-Thai Amy Y. , Smith Quillan F. , Huang Stephanie , Chow Ryan , Cruz Janifer , Walker Jeff , Chan Bryan , Musci Thomas J. , Ashley Euan A. , Masaeli Maddison
Published: September 2023

Cells are the singular building blocks of life, and a comprehensive understanding of morphology, among other properties, is crucial to the assessment of underlying heterogeneity. We developed Computational Sorting and Mapping of Single Cells (COSMOS), a platform based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and microfluidics to characterize and sort single cells based on real-time deep learning interpretation of high-resolution brightfield images. Supervised deep learning models were applied to characterize and sort cell lines and dissociated primary tissue based on high-dimensional embedding vectors of morphology without the need for biomarker labels and stains/dyes. We demonstrate COSMOS capabilities with multiple human cell lines and tissue samples. These early results suggest that our neural networks embedding space can capture and recapitulate deep visual characteristics and can be used to efficiently purify unlabeled viable cells with desired morphological traits. Our approach resolves a technical gap in the ability to perform real-time deep learning assessment and sorting of cells based on high-resolution brightfield images.
Catastrophic magnetic flux avalanches in NbTiN superconducting resonators
Authors: Nulens Lukas , Lejeune Nicolas , Caeyers Joost , Marinković Stefan , Cools Ivo , Dausy Heleen , Basov Sergey , Raes Bart , Van Bael Margriet J. , Geresdi Attila , Silhanek Alejandro V. , Van de Vondel Joris
Published: September 2023

Macroscopic superconducting components are an important building block of various quantum circuits. Since several of the envisioned applications require exposure to magnetic fields, it is of utmost importance to explore the impact of magnetic fields on their performance. Here we explore the complex pattern of magnetic field penetration and identify its impact on the resonance frequency of NbTiN superconducting resonators by combining magneto-optical imaging and high-frequency measurements. At temperatures below approximately half of the superconducting critical temperature, the development of magnetic flux avalanches manifests itself as a noisy response in the field-dependent resonance frequency. Magneto-optical imaging reveals different regimes and distinguishes the impact of avalanches in the ground plane and resonator. Our findings demonstrate that superconducting resonators represent a valuable tool to investigate magnetic flux dynamics. Moreover, the current blooming of niobium-based superconducting radio-frequency devices makes this report timely by unveiling the severe implications of magnetic flux dynamics.
Predicting global distributions of eukaryotic plankton communities from satellite data
Authors: Kaneko Hiroto , Endo Hisashi , Henry Nicolas , Berney Cédric , Mahé Frédéric , Poulain Julie , Labadie Karine , Beluche Odette , El Hourany Roy ,   Tara Oceans Coordinators, Acinas Silvia G , Babin Marcel , Bork Peer , Bowler Chris , Cochrane Guy , de Vargas Colomban , Gorsky Gabriel , Guidi Lionel , Grimsley Nigel , Hingamp Pascal , Iudicone Daniele , Jaillon Olivier , Kandels Stefanie , Karsenti Eric , Not Fabrice , Poulton Nicole , Pesant Stéphane , Sardet Christian , Speich Sabrina , Stemmann Lars , Sullivan Matthew B , Sunagawa Shinichi , Chaffron Samuel , Wincker Patrick , Nakamura Ryosuke , Karp-Boss Lee , Boss Emmanuel , Bowler Chris , de Vargas Colomban , Tomii Kentaro , Ogata Hiroyuki
Published: September 2023

Satellite remote sensing is a powerful tool to monitor the global dynamics of marine plankton. Previous research has focused on developing models to predict the size or taxonomic groups of phytoplankton. Here, we present an approach to identify community types from a global plankton network that includes phytoplankton and heterotrophic protists and to predict their biogeography using global satellite observations. Six plankton community types were identified from a co-occurrence network inferred using a novel rDNA 18 S V4 planetary-scale eukaryotic metabarcoding dataset. Machine learning techniques were then applied to construct a model that predicted these community types from satellite data. The model showed an overall 67% accuracy in the prediction of the community types. The prediction using 17 satellite-derived parameters showed better performance than that using only temperature and/or the concentration of chlorophyll a. The constructed model predicted the global spatiotemporal distribution of community types over 19 years. The predicted distributions exhibited strong seasonal changes in community types in the subarctic–subtropical boundary regions, which were consistent with previous field observations. The model also identified the long-term trends in the distribution of community types, which suggested responses to ocean warming.
Species-specific responses of marine bacteria to environmental perturbation
Authors: Peña-Montenegro Tito D , Kleindienst Sara , Allen Andrew E , Eren A Murat , McCrow John P , Sánchez-Calderón Juan D , Arnold Jonathan , Joye Samantha B
Published: September 2023

Environmental perturbations shape the structure and function of microbial communities. Oil spills are a major perturbation and resolving spills often requires active measures like dispersant application that can exacerbate the initial disturbance. Species-specific responses of microorganisms to oil and dispersant exposure during such perturbations remain largely unknown. We merged metatranscriptomic libraries with pangenomes to generate Core-Accessory Metatranscriptomes (CA-Metatranscriptomes) for two microbial hydrocarbon degraders that played important roles in the aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The Colwellia CA-Metatranscriptome illustrated pronounced dispersant-driven acceleration of core (~41%) and accessory gene (~59%) transcription, suggesting an opportunistic strategy. Marinobacter responded to oil exposure by expressing mainly accessory genes (~93%), suggesting an effective hydrocarbon-degrading lifestyle. The CA-Metatranscriptome approach offers a robust way to identify the underlying mechanisms of key microbial functions and highlights differences of specialist-vs-opportunistic responses to environmental disturbance.
UO2 dissolution in bicarbonate solution with H2O2: the effect of temperature
Authors: McGrady John , Kumagai Yuta , Kitatsuji Yoshihiro , Kirishima Akira , Akiyama Daisuke , Watanabe Masayuki
Published: September 2023

U dissolution via H2O2 decomposition on UO2 powder in NaHCO3 solution decreased with increasing temperature. This was caused by a transition from oxidative to catalytic decomposition with temperature.
Metal ions: the unfading stars of bone regeneration—from bone metabolism regulation to biomaterial applications
Authors: Luo Yankun , Liu Hanghang , Zhang Yaowen , Liu Yao , Liu Shibo , Liu Xian , Luo En
Published: September 2023

Schematic representation of the basic regulatory strategies, metal ions commonly used, and metal ion-based biomaterials for bone regeneration presented in this review.
An antibacterial and healing-promoting collagen fibril constructed by the simultaneous strategy of fibril reconstitution and ε-polylysine anchoring for infected wound repair
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxia , Yang Changkai , Guo Xin , Yang Chun , Li Guoying
Published: September 2023

An antibacterial-integrated collagen fibril with D-periodicity and inherent antibacterial activity was reconstituted through TGase-mediated co-assembly of collagen/ε-polylysine to effectively combat bacteria and promote healing of infected wounds.
Phosphorus core–shell tecto dendrimers for enhanced tumor imaging: the rigidity of the backbone matters
Authors: Zhan Mengsi , Wang Dayuan , Zhao Lingzhou , Chen Liang , Ouyang Zhijun , Mignani Serge , Majoral Jean-Pierre , Zhao Jinhua , Zhang Guixiang , Shi Xiangyang , Shen Mingwu
Published: September 2023

Phosphorus core–shell tecto dendrimers with rigid cores enable enhanced fluorescence/SPECT dual-mode tumor imaging likely through an amplified enhanced permeability and retention effect.
Observation of an electron-precise metal boryne complex: [BiBH]−
Authors: Gao Han-Wen , Hui Jie , Wang Lai-Sheng
Published: September 2023

Metal-boron triple bonds are rare due to the electron deficiency of boron.
Photothermally-assisted Pt-modified WO3 nanosphere structures for highly efficient H2 sensing
Authors: An Beixi , Luo Yibing , Wang Yanrong , Yang Yifan , Bai Jinglong , Cheng Xu , Li Jianpeng , Wang Qiao , Wu Zhengkun , Xie Erqing
Published: September 2023

Herein, we present a visible light assisted high-performance H2 gas sensor based WO3 nanosphere structure.
Impact of hydrophobicity on local solvation structures and its connection with the global solubilization thermodynamics of amphiphilic molecules
Authors: Majumdar Bibhab Bandhu , Pyne Partha , Mitra Rajib Kumar , Das Mahanta Debasish
Published: September 2023

Distinct charactersitics of hydrophilic and hydrophobic hydration; water forms direct HB with the hydrophilic moeities, while water-water HBonded network wrapped the hydrophobic parts.
Starch/PVOH aqueous solutions: a chemical–physical characterization
Authors: Caputo Paolino , Loise Valeria , Colella Maria Francesca , Porto Michele , Salvino Rosachiara A. , Oliviero Rossi Cesare , De Luca Giuseppina
Published: September 2023

This work investigates the relationship between the structure and physicochemical properties of three different starches in starch/polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solutions.
Correction: New insights into the 1D carbon chain through the RPA
Authors: Ramberger Benjamin , Kresse Georg
Published: September 2023

Correction for ‘New insights into the 1D carbon chain through the RPA’ by Benjamin Ramberger et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2021, 23, 5254–5260, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CP06607A.
Photocatalytic degradation of PET microfibers and hydrogen evolution by Ni5P4/TiO2/C NFs
Authors: Peng Guixiang , Qi Xueyang , Qu Wenbin , Shao Xiaoli , Song Lixin , Du Pingfan , Xiong Jie
Published: September 2023

The degradation of PET microfibers to organic compounds and hydrogen precipitation by Ni5P4/TiO2/C NFs photocatalysts in alkaline aqueous medium.
From biomass to C4 chemicals: selective transformation of bio-based furans to succinic anhydride in the presence of oxygen
Authors: Gao Xiaoqian , Tong Xinli , Liu RuiChen , Zhang Yi
Published: September 2023

A sustainable and photocatalytic technique for the production of succinic anhydride (SAN) from a bio-based furan platform compound is developed.
Combined data-driven and mechanism-based approaches for human-intestinal-absorption prediction in the early drug-discovery stage
Authors: Handa Koichi , Sugiyama Sakae , Kageyama Michiharu , Iijima Takeshi
Published: September 2023

To precisely predict the intestinal absorption ratio (Fa) at an early stage in the discovery, we combined a data-driven (using chemical structures) and mechanism-based approach (using gastrointestinal unified theoretical framework).
π–π stacking of unsaturated sulfonates on natural graphite enables a green and cost-effective cathode for high-voltage dual-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Kejia , Li Decheng , Qu Qunting , Shao Jie , Jiang Yu , Lv Linze , Lin Ziyang , Zheng Honghe
Published: September 2023

A green and cost-effective material for dual-ion batteries is obtained by virtue of π–π stacking between unsaturated sulfonates and graphite.
Multicomponent hydrosulfonylation of alkynes for the synthesis of vinyl sulfones
Authors: Mei Lan , Shu Xiao-Rong , Liu Fa-Liang , Li Jiao-Zhe , Zhang Jian-Feng , Tang Keqi , Wei Wen-Ting
Published: September 2023

An efficient and mild multicomponent reaction (MCR) for the preparation of vinyl sulfones achieved by carrying out hydrosulfonylation of alkynes with the corresponding aryl diazonium salts, K2S2O5 and thiophenols at room temperature without any metal catalysts or additives.
Introducing I−/formic acid as a green reagent for the reduction of sulfinates and sulfoxides
Authors: Armando Luján-Montelongo J. , García de la Cuesta Luis Javier , Cruz-Jiménez Alicia E. , Hernández Perla , Vela Alberto
Published: September 2023

A sustainable method using formic acid and iodide as a catalyst for sulfinyl group deoxygenation in sulfoxides and sulfinates. Formic acid networks facilitate sulfinyl reduction.
Rapid classification of heavy metal soils from different mining areas by using a GSCV quadratic merit seeking network combined with MF-LIBS
Authors: Jin Haoyu , Hao Xiaojian , Mo Biming
Published: September 2023

By comparing different magnetic fields, the soil spectral data under the constraint of 0.98 T was selected. The spectral features were extracted by PCA, the SSA-GA-BP analysis model was constructed, and the hyperparameters were optimized by GSCV.
Nitrogen-doped carbon dots in transesterification reactions for biodiesel synthesis
Authors: de Medeiros Tayline V. , Macina Alexia , de Mesquita João P. , Naccache Rafik
Published: September 2023

Surface chemistry drives the catalytic efficiency of nitrogen-doped carbon dot heterogeneous catalysts for the transesterification of canola oil to biodiesel.
DFT investigation of the oxygen reduction reaction over nitrogen (N) doped graphdiyne as an electrocatalyst: the importance of pre-adsorbed OH* and the solvation effect
Authors: Wang Yuelin , Pham Thanh Ngoc , Halim Harry H. , Yan Likai , Morikawa Yoshitada
Published: September 2023

ORR on OH* preadsorbed sp-N1GDY/G surface with solvation effect has a lower overpotential (0.46 V), which is close to the experiment value (0.36 V).
Machine-learning-aided identification of ethanol in humid air using zinc complex capped CsPbBr3 resistive sensors
Authors: Wang Yue , Wang Xi , Zhang Hui , Gao Shasha , Xu Wenjie , Zhao Yulong , Jiao Mingzhi , Huang Sheng , Gu Xiuquan
Published: September 2023

In this work, a facile room-temperature (RT) solution-processing strategy was developed to synthesize perovskite CsPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs), which were then modified with Zn-based organic ligands for enhancing their ambient environment and moisture stability.
Sub-nanometric materials for hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Yu Yaodong , Liu Ruixin , Sun Yuyao , Liu Ziyi , Shi Xinrong , Lai Jianping , Wang Lei
Published: September 2023

With the development of renewable and clean energy, hydrogen energy is booming as an alternative to fossil energy.
Reductive thiolation and oxidative dehydroaromatization of cyclohexanones with primary amines and sodium sulfinates to access o-sulfanylanilines
Authors: Wu Hui , Zhao Lin , Wang Wenting , Yu Yining , Wu Ge
Published: September 2023

HI-promoted cascade reactions of cyclohexanones with primary amines and sodium sulfinates are described, providing an unprecedented method to access o-sulfanylanilines using cyclohexanones as an aryl source and sodium sulfinates as a sulfenylating reagent.
Fluorapatite nanorod arrays with enamel-like bundle structure regulated by iron ions
Authors: Li Yidi , Ping Hang , Xie Quanmin , Yang G. , Xu Jianguo , Zhong Mingming , Wang Kun
Published: September 2023

Pigmented rodent tooth enamel is mainly composed of parallel hydroxyapatite nanorods and a small amount of organic matrix.
Highly efficient and recyclable chiral phosphine-functionalized polyether ionic liquids for asymmetric hydrogenation of β-keto esters
Authors: Wang Fan , Zhang Shuai , Xie Congxia , Jin Xin
Published: September 2023

A novel class of chiral phosphine-functionalized polyether ionic liquids (CPF-PILs) have been prepared by a simple and modularized ion exchange reaction based on the concept of integrated phosphine ligands and ionic liquids.
Janus metallic film with gold and silver luster by electroless deposition of silver using poly(dopamine acrylamide) thin film
Authors: Ohke Mizuki , Akaishi Ryoichi , Tachibana Kyoka , Kohri Michinari , Nagano Shusaku , Ebe Hinako , Matsui Jun
Published: September 2023

A Janus metallic surface was prepared by a one-pot process by reducing silver ions with poly(dopamine acrylamide). Poly(dopamine acrylamide) was synthesized by protection-free controlled RAFT polymerization.
Homoleptic octahedral CoII complexes as precatalysts for regioselective hydroboration of alkenes with high turnover frequencies
Authors: Zhang Guoqi , Zeng Haisu , Zadori Nora , Marino Camila , Zheng Shengping , Neary Michelle C.
Published: September 2023

Monoprotonated homoleptic complex of cobalt(ii) with 4′-pyridyl-2,2′;6′,2′′-terpyridine ligand is an efficient precatalyst for hydroboration of styrene derivatives with Markovnikov selectivity, displaying turnover frequencies up to 47 000 h−1.
Solution-free synthesis of MXene composite hybrid nanostructures by rapid Joule heating
Authors: Yoon Jeesoo , Kim Yong-Jae , Song Ji-Yoon , Jamal Aqil , Gereige Issam , Kim Chansol , Jung Hee-Tae
Published: September 2023

A rapid Joule heating technique enables the successful synthesis of a wide range of hybrid materials without compromising the unique properties of MXenes making them suitable for various applications where the synergistic effect of MXene composites can yield significant performance enhancements.
Nanosurface-induced construction of NiCoP–CoP heterostructure nanobristle electrodes for highly efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Liu Peng , Wang Juan , Sui Yiming , Zhao Guangyao , Yao Rui , Xia Dongsheng , Guo Zhenbin , Kang Feiyu , Wang Lei , Yang Cheng
Published: September 2023

NiCoP-CoP@NNA is a hierarchical heterostructured HER catalyst prepared by Ni solid-state diffusion from Ni nanowire substrate. DFT shows that Ni atoms diffuse from nano-sized substrate easily, and the heterostructure has a low water dissociation energy barrier, leading to better HER activity.
J-Aggregation induced NIR-II fluorescence: an aza-BODIPY luminogen for efficient phototheranostics
Authors: Yang Na , Song Shuang , Akhtar Mahmood Hassan , Liu Chang , Yao Lang , Yu Jiayuan , Li Ying , Li Qianxue , He Di , Yu Cong
Published: September 2023

NIR-II emissive J-aggregates of Aza-BODIPY for imaging-guided tumor therapy.
Dual ligand-assisted assembly of metal–organic frameworks on upconversion nanoparticles for NIR photodynamic therapy against hypoxic tumors
Authors: Zhang Xinyue , Cui Jiasen , Liu Jinhui , Chen Xi , Chen Mingli , Wang Jianhua
Published: September 2023

The dual ligand functionalization of UCNP and MOF assembly on multiple UCNPs to obtain nanohybrid UCMs.
A fluorescent probe for imaging nitroreductase with signal amplification in high-viscosity environments
Authors: Liu Yunfan , Li Jiaying , Huang Hongjin , Shu Yang
Published: September 2023

A fluorescent probe ENBT with NTR and viscosity cascade reaction was developed for in vitro detection of NTR as well as imaging intracellular NTR with signal amplification.
Effect of the hole transport layer on the performance of sky-blue Dion–Jacobson perovskite light-emitting diodes
Authors: Sun Wen Ting , He Yanling , Ali Muhammad Umair , Liu Qiye , Mo Hongbo , Wang Sijia , Ng Alan Man Ching , Djurišić Aleksandra B.
Published: September 2023

Increased efficiency of sky-blue LEDs based on Dion–Jacobson perovskite emitters is achieved through the optimization of the hole transport layer–perovskite interface.
Localization of mixed‐field sources based on fourth‐order cumulant matrix rank reduction
Authors: Lin Wei , Cui Weijia , Wang Jianhui , Chen Yangyang , Zhang Jin
Published: September 2023

In this letter, a localization algorithm for mixed‐field sources based on fourth‐order cumulant matrix rank reduction is proposed. First, a cumulant matrix is constructed, and a spectral peak search function associated with the direction‐of‐arrival (DOA) of the sources only is constructed using the rank reduction principle to achieve DOA estimation. Then the range estimation is also obtained by a spectral peak search. Compared to existing algorithms, the algorithm is able to utilize all the elements of the cumulant matrix and has a higher accuracy and degrees‐of‐freedom. The simulation results verify the excellence of the algorithm.
Optimal interaction of photovoltaic investor (PVI) in maximizing total benefits of distribution network operator (DNO)
Authors: Nazaralilou Mohammad , Tousi Behrouz , Farhadi‐Kangarlu Mohammad
Published: September 2023

Evaluating the positive impacts of private investor (PI) contributions in improving distribution network (DN) technical, environmental and economic features are considered in the recent studies. In this paper photovoltaic investor (PVI) participates in improving technical constraints of DN. DN operator (DNO) is the owner of wind turbine (WT). The main functions are formed as benefit functions. Benefits which are obtained by improving technical constraints (impacts of contributing PVI and WTs in improving technical constraints) are written in the benefit functions. Technical constraints include: voltage deviation (VD), active and reactive power loss. By designating weight with high value to each of technical constraints, genetic algorithm (GA) solves the optimization problem. Different scenarios are considered in the siting and sizing problem. Furthermore, comprehensive study is done by defining benefit contribution parameter (ψ). Changing the value of ψ from 0 to 100%, gives the best interaction between PVI and DN operator (DNO). Since the presented optimal siting and sizing problem is formed as multi criteria, by applying multi‐attribute decision making approach based on technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), the optimal contribution of DNO and PVI is determined. Obtained results from simulation reveal that in a case without sharing benefit between DNO and PVI, the PVI could not receive benefits from project (all of solutions are negative value) but in the case with benefit sharing, the project has attractiveness for the PVI (it is illustrated as a positive benefit values for PVI). The optimum solution is received by making a trade‐off between DNO and PVI benefits. The optimum values are 2.287E6 and 2.201E6, respectively.