bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisa Gangguan Pemutus Tenaga Mesin Cane Cutter I
Authors: Chumaidy Adib
Published: October 2020

Pabrik tua mengalami tuntutan untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kapasitas produksi. Perbaikan, renovasi, penambahan peralatan listrik dan mesin produksi sebagai pendukung produksi harus dilakukan. Untuk peralatan listrik dan mesin yang berusia di luar batas waktu aman. Salah satunya: pemutus sirkuit tipe ACB-A, pembebanan peralatan listrik yang melebihi batas waktu pada instalasi aman akan berakibat parah, menjadi ledakan api yang menimbulkan kerusakan total produksi. Dibebani mesin Cane Cutter I yang membutuhkan torsi besar karena ada celah sempit yang sangat ekstrim. Dibandingkan energi yang dibutuhkan tenaga besar, dibutuhkan tenaga energi yang besar, sistem kelistrikan dan pemasangan peralatan listrik harus mempertimbangkan regulasi listrik dan PUIL 2000 atau standar Internasional, sehingga kelangsungan energi tenaga listrik aman. Penggunaan motor listrik / Cane Cutter I harus dipertimbangkan lebih dalam sistem listrik, karena untuk memotong tebu, maka torsi beban yang sangat besar terlalu besar dan celah yang ekstrim, dapat menyebabkan Rotor Terkunci. Dengan metode IEC 60 909 pada tahun 2022 untuk menghitung kebisingan arus rotor yang dikunci; penyederhanaan karena perhitungan tidak bergantung pada status operasi arus beban yang sedang berlangsung dan yang akan datang. Dengan serangkaian analisis dan arus hubung singkat menggunakan rumus total arus simetris kesalahan 3-fasa yang diperoleh dengan waktu pemutusan beban terbesar lebih cepat daripada pengaturan waktu. Arus gangguan ACB downstream ini dilindungi dan tidak terlindungi kemudian ACB Hulu yang melakukannya (ACB titik A), arus gangguan ini menyebabkan ledakan / kebakaran di titik ACB A. ACB titik A mungkin telah melampaui batas waktu aman dan berfungsi. peralatan perlindungan ACB titik A adalah Unit Perjalanan Elektronik atau Solid / dapat disesuaikan sepenuhnya, arus gangguan melebihi batas aman (Imax overload dan sepenuhnya dapat disesuaikan).Kata Kunci : Mesin Potong Tebu I, Celah ekstrim, Rotor Terkunci, arus gangguan, ACB titik A, batas beban berlebih dan waktu hidup aman.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Dashboard Penjualan dan Sales Report
Authors: Nurrahmi Herly , Susanto Andri
Published: October 2020

Perkembangan teknologi informasi semakin cepat seiring dengan kemampuan komputer dalam pengolahan data perusahaan-perusahaan makin dipicu untuk menggunakan teknologi yang maju sebagai alat atau media untuk tetap bertahan memenangkan persaingan yang semakin ketat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang sebuah sistem informasi Dashboard yang dapat membantu penyediaan laporan penjualan barang jadi secara uptodate pada PT.XYZ. Latar belakang dari penelitian ini adalah sering terjadi kesalahan perhitungan transaksi penjualan karena sistem yang digunakan masih manual sehingga sering terjadi kesalahan input data dan juga membutuhkan waktu yang lama serta kesulitan untuk menentukan strategi penjualan dimasa yang akan datang karena laporan data penjualan kurang akurat seperti tidak adanya laporan penjualan. Metode perancangan sistem yang digunakan adalah OOAD (Object Oriented Analysis Diagrams) dan dikembangkan dengan UML (Unified Modelling Laguange) sebagai modeling tools untuk menggambarkan rancangan sistem yang ada saat ini. Sistem Informasi Dashboard ini menjadi alat bantu khususnya untuk manajer, untuk membantu pencatatan transaksi serta memonitoring sales report. Dengan dirancang dan dibuatnya sistem informasi dasboard penjualan dan sales report ini juga mempermudah pekerjaan admin melihat data penjualan dan proses transaksi.Kata Kunci : Sistem Informasi, Penjualan, Sales Report
Sistem Pakar Penentuan Style Pada Tanaman Bonsai Menggunakan Metode Certainty Factor
Authors: Dwilestari Septi , Nurmiati Siti
Published: October 2020

Seni bonsai di Indonesia berkembang cukup baik. Hal ini terutama karena didukung oleh kesuburan alam dan kekayaan jenis flora tropisnya. Untuk mengetahui style bonsai diperlukan seorang pakar yang ahli dibidangnya oleh sebab itu jenis style dapat ditentukan dengan benar. Dalam merancang dan membangun aplikasi sistem pakar “SPBONSAI” ini menggunakan perancangan sistem UML (Unified Modeling Language), bahasa pemrograman PHP (Hypertext Prepocessor), dan penyimpanan database menggunakan SQL (Structured Query Language), aplikasi ini menggunakan framework twitter bootstrap agar tampilan aplikasi terlihat lebih fresh dan menarik. Software yang digunakan untuk membuat program antara lain: Sybase Power Designer, Notepad++, Photoshop CS3, Mozilla Firefox, dan XAMPP. Aplikasi sistem pakar ini dirancang untuk menentukan style bonsai yang memberikan hasil berupa gambar dan nama style. Aplikasi ini diharapkan dapat mengatasi dalam menentukan style bonsai. Aplikasi ini menggunakan metode certainty factor untuk memperoleh hasil kepastian dan ketidak pastian dalam perhitungannya.Kata kunci : Sistem Pakar, Bonsai, Metode Certainty Factor, UML (Unified Modeling Language), SQL (Structured Query Language), PHP (Hypertext Prepocessor)
Analisa Pemilihan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Panas Bumi Berdasarkan Kebutuhan Beban Jangka Menengah
Authors: Chumaidy Adib
Published: October 2020

Konsumsi tenaga listrik di Provinsi Bali tiap tahunnya mengalami peningkatan, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dari data besar beban puncak pada tahun 2008 – 2017. Kondisi sistem kelistrikan di Bali yang disupply oleh sistem Jawa-Bali melalui kabel laut dan ketersediaan pembangkit dengan sumber minyak bumi dan batu bara sebesar 1278 MW, untuk mengantisipasi peningkatan kebutuhan listrik perlu dilakukan pembangunan pembangkit baru untuk mencukupi kebutuhan energi listrik. Perencanaan tersebut berdasarkan pada perhitungan proyeksi beban pada 5 (lima) tahun mendatang, dimana pada tahun 2021 perkiraan beban mencapai 1343,30 MW melebihi kapasitas pemasok daya. Dengan memanfaatkan sumber energi primer panas bumi di Bali, yang diketahui berada di 6 (enam) titik lokasi terduga. Dari hasil perhitungan sumber daya spekulatif di masing-masing titik lokasi, pada daerah Buyan-Beratan dapat menghasilkan potensi listrik dari panas bumi sebesar 282,3 MW, dimana besar potensi ini dapat mencukupi defisit energi hingga tahun 2022.Kata kunci : Beban Puncak, Prakiraan Beban, Energi Panas Bumi, PLTP
Implementasi Metode Arnold’s Cat Map dan Logistic Map Pada Proses Enkripsi-Dekripsi Untuk Keamanan Pengiriman Citra
Authors: Hamdani Mohammad , Listiyani Novia
Published: October 2020

Pada makalah ini dibahas tentang implementasi metode Arnold’s Cat Map dan metode Logistic Map pada proses enkripsi dan dekripsi untuk keamanan pengiriman citra. Dalam penelitian sebelumnya, dilakukan proses enkripsi dengan hanya menggunakan metode Arnold’s Cat Map yang memberikan hasil bahwa proses dekripsinya masih sangat mudah dilacak dengan mengulangi iterasi untuk mendapatkan citra asli. Oleh karena itu dalam penelitian ini pada proses enkripsi dan dekripsi digunakan dua metode, yaitu metode Arnold’s Cat Map dan metode Logistic Map untuk menjamin keamanan pengiriman citra. Implementasi metode Arnold’s Cat Map dan metode Logistic Map membutuhkan waktu komputasi yang tergantung pada jumlah iterasi yang digunakan saat proses enkripsi dan dekripsi, sedangkan pada pengujian histogram didapatkan hasil histogram yang sempurna dikarenakan pendistribusian pixel gambar hasil enkripsi dilakukan secara merata atau lebih homogen. Dari pengujian didapatkan bahwa koefisien korelasi dari implementasi metode Arnold’s Cat Map dan metode logistic mendekati nol, yang berarti bahwa seluruh pixel telah teracak. Pada pengujian sensitivitas kunci didapatkan hasil bahwa dengan perbedaan sebesar 0,00001 antara kunci yang digunakan saat enkripsi dan dekripsi tidak akan dapat menampilkan citra sesuai aslinya yang dikirimkan. Dari pengujian pengiriman data dapat diketahui bahwa waktu yang diperlukan untuk pengiriman data citra yang telah melalui proses enkripsi-dekripsi adalah sama dengan waktu pengiriman data tanpa melalui proses enkripsi, yang berarti bahwa waktu tambahan yang digunakan tidaklah signifikan, yaitu hanya diperlukan untuk proses enkripsi dan dekripsi.Kata kunci : Enkripsi, Metode Arnold’s Cat Map, Metode Logistic Map, Dekripsi
Pendeteksian Penyakit Malaria Menggunakan Medical Images Analisis Dengan Deep Learning Python
Authors: Zein Afrizal
Published: October 2020

Tahukah Anda bahwa Penyakit Malaria adalah penyakit menular yang menyebabkan lebih dari 400.000 kematian per tahun. Penyakit Malaria adalah endemik sejati di beberapa wilayah di dunia, yang berarti bahwa penyakit ini secara teratur ditemukan di wilayah tersebut.Malaria adalah masalah kesehatan global yang serius, dan diagnosis yang cepat dan akurat diperlukan untuk mengendalikan penyakit. Algoritma pemrosesan gambar untuk mengotomatisasi diagnosis malaria pada apusan darah tipis dikembangkan. Sistem klasifikasi citra dirancang untuk secara positif mengidentifikasi parasit malaria yang ada dalam noda darah tipis, dan membedakan spesies malaria. Dari masalah di atas penulis mengadakan penelitian sistem komputer vision yang secara otomatis dapat mendeteksi Penyakit Malaria menggunakan deep learning menggunakan dataset Rajaraman yang telah dipublikasikan olehnya.Dari hasil penggujian Medical Images Analisis menunjukan perolehan tingkat akurasi pendeteksian didapat mencapai sebesar di atas 97%. pada data pengujian,Kata Kunci : Deteksi Malaria, Medical Images Analisis, Deep learning
Manipulasi Gambar Menggunakan Jaringan Adversarial Siklus-Konsisten
Authors: Zein Afrizal
Published: October 2020

Tahukah Anda bahwa memanipulasi gambar merupakan hal yang menarik dan disenangi orang, karena dapat menampilkan hal yang baru lain daripada yang lain. Umumnya manipulasi gambar kita menggunakan software aplikasi seperti photoshop dan banyak lagi software untuk hal tersebut. Penelitian ini mencoba memanipulasi gambar dengan teori yang ada dan diaplikasikan dengan membuat program dalam bahasa python. Adapun metoda yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini adalah metoda jaringan adversarial siklus-konsisten yaitu mempelajari pemetaan antara gambar input dan gambar output menggunakan set pelatihan pasangan gambar yang selaras. Kami menyajikan pendekatan untuk belajar menerjemahkan gambar dari domain sumber X ke domain target Y dengan tidak adanya contoh berpasangan. Tujuan kami adalah mempelajari pemetaan G: X → Y sedemikian rupa sehingga distribusi gambar dari G (X ) tidak dapat dibedakan. Hasil manipulasi gambar yang dihasilkan sangatlah sempurna menyerupai gambar asli tapi berbeda tampilan.
Peningkatan Kualitas Proses Assembly Line 1 Dengan Menggunakan Statistical Quality Control (SQC) Pada PT. X
Authors: Yusuf Syahreza , Ahyadi Harwan
Published: October 2020

Assembly line merupakan proses penggabungan part/bagian yang dimana setiap part tersebut disusung berdasarkan urutan proses untuk menghasilkan produk jadi yang lebih cepat dari metode biasanya. Dalam proses assembly line untuk tipe W213 yang di produksi PT X Indonesia masih banyak terjadi kerusakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah kerusakan untuk part yang rusak sebanyak 92 unit, gap & transition 82 unit, kegagalan fungsi 40 unit, dan part yang kotor 10 unit. Untuk kerusakan tersebut maka dilakukan pengendalian kualitas dengan menggunakan metode Statistical Quality Control (SQC), yang dimana dari pengendalian kualitas tersebut didapat persentase kerusakan untuk part yang rusak 41,1%, gap & transition 36,6%, kegagalan fungsi 17,9% dan part yang kotor 4,5%. Standar kerusakan yang diterapkan yaitu 25% dari tiap produksi, maka perlu dilakukan perbaikan yang dimana perbaikan tersebut meliputi pengawasan material yang akan diproses, mesin yang digunakan, operator yang melakukan perakitan dan metode pemasangan part yang harus selalu di awasi.
Evaluasi Kualitas Sinyal Voice Multi Operator Pada Jaringan 3G IBC Gedung Bertingkat
Authors: El Yumin Syamsul -
Published: October 2020

Abstrak--Makalah ini membahas  kualitas sinyal voice 3G di Gedung Mall Alam Sutera. Data yang ditampilkan dari hasil pengukuran  berfungsi untuk memberikan gambaran secara umum mengenai performansi jaringan operator XL dan Telkomsel yang telah beroperasi selama 10 tahun  di 5 lantai Gedung Mall Alam Sutera. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan metode walktest mode dedicated. Data yang disajikan berupa data logfile yang diolah menggunakan software TEMS Investigation 16 yang terdiri dari map walktest, tap overview, data collection. Parameter yang diukur adalah kualitas sinyal yang diterima mobile station (MS) berupa nilai  Received Signal Code Power (RSCP) dan nilai Received Signal Strengthen Indication (RSSI).. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa prosentase sebaran RSCP, nilai RSCP, nilai RSSI, masih sangat bagus melebihi nilai KPI yang disyaratkan, dan ini berarti Jaringan 3G IBC Gedung Mall Alam Sutera masih layak untuk beroperasi.

 

Kata kunci : evaluasi,  sinyal voice, 3G, IBC, multi operator
Monterey pine forest made a remarkable recovery from pitch canker
Authors: Thomas R. Gordon , Gregory J. Reynolds , Sharon C. Kirkpatrick , Andrew J. Storer , David L. Wood , Daniel M. Fernandez , Brice A. McPherson
Published: October 2020

Monterey pine (Pinus radiata) is a species of limited distribution, with three native populations in California. In 1986, a disease known as pitch canker, caused by the fungus Fusarium circinatum, was identified as the cause of extensive mortality in planted Monterey pines in Santa Cruz County. Monitoring studies on the Monterey Peninsula documented rapid progression of the disease in the native forest during the 1990s, with most trees sustaining some level of infection. However, between 1999 and 2013, the severity of pitch canker stabilized, with many previously diseased trees then free of symptoms, and plots monitored between 2011 and 2015 documented a steady decline in the occurrence of new infections. Consequently, whereas pitch canker was once a conspicuous visual blight in the forest, by the end of the observation period, symptomatic trees had become a rarity. The arrested development of pitch canker is suggestive of a reduction in the frequency and duration of fog near the coast, which provides conditions necessary for the pathogen to establish infections.
Determination Of Lecturer Reception Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Authors: Hanim Hafizah , Rahmadoni Jefril
Published: October 2020

During this time, the selection of non permanent lecturers, parts staffing difficulties in selecting lecturers. The obstacle faced is the large number of applicants who register to become prospective lecturers. So that the staffing or the campus must give extra time to choose prospective lecturers so that lecturers can be obtained that fit the desired criteria. The AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method is a method in the decision-making process, this method performs a hierarchical structure calculation where the top level in the hierarchy is the goal to be achieved then the hierarchy below in the form of criteria in achieving goals and the lowest level is the alternatives in achieving goals.
Web-Based Employee Performance Assessment System in PT. Wifiku Indonesia
Authors: Refni Wahyuni  , Irawan Yuda
Published: October 2020

AHP is able to help the employee selection process recipient an incentive to perform matrix calculations pairs criteria weights, then get the highest priority. Based on the highest priority, determined which alternative will be recommended. The purpose of this research is to make performance appraisal which can facilitate quickly assess performance. Steps for assessing employee performance such that designing concepts, data collection, preparation of hardware and software, display design, system manufacturing, testing and evaluation. Based on the research that has been done it is concluded that the media system is web-based employee performance appraisal at PT. Wifiku Indonesia has successfully created.
Academic Information System Security Audits Using COBIT 5 Framework Domains APO12, APO13 AND DSS05
Authors: Megasyah Yoga , Arifnur Adi Arga
Published: October 2020

Academic information system in an institution is very important for the administration of lectures. The fore need for a system security audit so that the administration runs without obstacles. This audit can be carried out using the COBIT 5 framework, in this research an information security audit was carried out on academic information security. by focusing on the APO12 (Manage Risk), APO13 (Manage Risk), and DSS05 (Manage Security Service) domains. The stages in this research are initiation, planning the assessment, data collection, data validation, process attribute level and reporting the result. The results of this research note that the ability level of APO12 is at level 1, APO13 at level 2 and DSS05 at level 2, which means that the institution has carried out and implemented the information technology process and achieved its objectives. To reach level 3 some recommendations are given to cover the gaps that have been determined in the APO12, APO13 and DSS05 processes.
The Impact of Credit Risk Management and Macroeconomic Variables on Bank Performance in Nigeria
Authors: Areghan Akhanolu Isibor , Omankhanlen Alexander Ehimare , Chima Menyelim Mathias , Komolafe Titilope Deborah , Okereke Karachi Yvonne
Published: October 2020

The aim of this paper is to identify the main impact that credit management and macroeconomic variables have on bank performance in Nigeria. The reason for this is the numerous high level of deposit money banks’ bad debt based on available data. The bad debt tended to have a negative effect on performance. To this end, the researchers conducted a study using macroeconomic data, and other indicators of credit management and bank performance from 2009-2017 using 12 deposit money banks in Nigeria. The ordinary least square (OLS) method was utilized to determine the factors that explains the subject matter. The result showed the presence of a positive connection between the capital adequacy proportion and the sum national income on the Return on Asset. Therefore, Depositing Money Banks with a greater proportion of capital sufficiency can all the more likely develop more advances and retain credit misfortunes whenever it occurs and thus document better financial productivity as for the assets.
Forecasting the Amount of Cash in Circulation Based on a Regression Model with Lagged Variables
Authors: Batova Marina
Published: October 2020

Despite the rather positive dynamics in developing the non-cash payment infrastructure, cash in Russia has been and remains the widespread instrument of payment. The purpose of this paper is the development of a model for forecasting the amount of cash in circulation in the country, namely the value of the monetary aggregate M0, by the example of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the objectives were set so that the resulting model should be suitable for a sufficiently accurate rapid estimation of М0 value, should be easy to use, and should not be overloaded with many variables. The author succeeded in achieving these purposes in the research using a formal approach based on a model with lagged variables, autoregression and time series analysis, also using numerical methods. The lagged variables used were the inflation rate and the value of the monetary aggregate for a previous period. The high quality, accuracy and forecasting power of the model are substantiated. The average approximation error of the model did not exceed 5%.Testing of the model using statistical data of the current year showed high accuracy of forecasting. Statistical data of official sources of the Russian Federation were used for the model development
La regulación de la política macroeconómica: un desafío para el derecho público
Authors: García-Andrade Gómez Jorge
Published: October 2020

El Derecho público se desarrolló bajo un paradigma en el que la intervención del Estado sobre la economía era aún reducida y fundamentalmente se proyectaba de manera individualizada sobre los ciudadanos y empresas, lo que determinó que sus técnicas respondieran a este enfoque. Cuando comenzó a desarrollarse la macroeconomía, a partir de los años treinta del siglo pasado, desde el Derecho público no se supo ver la profundidad de la transformación que aquella supuso para el Estado. Por lo que el Derecho público continuó su desarrollo conforme a un enfoque que ya se había visto parcialmente superado, sin adaptarse a la nueva realidad. Sólo recientemente se ha cobrado conciencia de la extraordinaria importancia que tiene la política macroeconómica en el Derecho, por lo que se ha iniciado una regulación tendente a reducir la discrecionalidad de las autoridades económicas. Sin embargo, el resultado se antoja insuficiente para las exigencias de un Estado social y democrático de Derecho contemporáneo y plantea el reto de una renovación en importantes parcelas del Derecho público.
Research Of Motor Function In Patients With Chronic Pain Syndrome At Radiculopathies Of Different Genesis
Authors:   Course Of Neurology And Neurosurgery Postgraduate Faculty Samarkand Medical Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Khakimova Sokhiba Ziyadullayevna , Atokhodjaeva Dildora Alisherovna ,   Teaching Assistant In Department Of General Professional And Special Disciplines, Faculty Of Tourism Management “Silk Road” International University Of Tourism Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Hamrokulova Farakhnoz Muradovna ,   Course Of Neurology And Neurosurgery Postgraduate Faculty Samarkand Medical Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Published: October 2020

In patients with radiculopathies of various origins, along with chronic pain syndrome, various prolapse of the pyramidal sphere of the peripheral nervous system is observed [1]. In groups of patients with radiculopathies, the motor sphere was investigated using the described methods of studying the neurological status Skoromets A. A, which revealed a statistically significant limitation of the motor sphere [2]. The performed electroneuromyography confirmed the lesion in the motor fibers in patients with chronic pain syndrome with radiculopathies of various origins [4].
Efecto del Heliocarpus Americanus como adhesivo para prótesis dental removible
Authors: Calzada Gonzales Maribel , Calzada-Gonzales Nancy , Ortega-Buitron Marisol , Palacios Zevallos Juana
Published: October 2020

Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto del Heliocarpus americanus (palo de goma) como adhesivo para prótesis. Métodos. Estudio experimental, prospectivo, transversal. El tamaño de la muestra se calculó por fórmula de comparación de proporciones para grupos independientes, siendo incluidos 32 sujetos en dos grupos de: 16 pacientes para el grupo de experimental (GE) “palo de goma” (Heliocarpus americanus), y 16 pacientes para el de control (GC) “crema adhesiva Corega”. Para evaluar el efecto del adhesivo, primero se llevó a cabo la clasifcación taxonómica de la corteza, análisis ftoquímico, y espectrofotometría infrarroja, realizado en la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, así como la elaboración del gel adhesivo. Ocho horas después de la aplicación del gel adhesivo, se midió la estabilidad y retención utilizando el método de Woelfel, así como el grado de aceptabilidad de acuerdo a la escala Hedónica. Por último, se aplicó la prueba suma de rangos de Wilcoxon. Resultados. El análisis estadístico no mostró diferencia signifcativa (p > 0,05) entre el (gel de Heliocarpus americanus y la crema adhesiva Corega® GlaxoSmith. El grado de aceptabilidad en el grupo experimental muestra un alto porcentaje en “ni me gusta ni me disgusta” (37,5 %). Conclusión. Elgel experimental no presenta diferencias signifcativas en la estabilidad y retención de la prótesis total. Por lo tanto, el gel adhesivo se puede usar de manera efectiva como adhesivo para prótesis total.
LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE SQUARE AND PARK OF THE NOVODEVICHY MONASTERY
Authors:   LLC «IGBI», Belyaeva E.L.
Published: October 2020

In 2024, the five - hundredth anniversary of the outstanding historical and cultural monument of world and Federal significance-the Novodevichy monastery, which is being restored for the anniversary, will be celebrated. The monastery is famous not only for its unique architectural ensemble and famous cemetery, where many outstanding statesmen, military leaders, representatives of science, literature and art are buried, but also for its remarkable natural landscape, artificially transformed in the 16th and 20th centuries. and represented by a public garden on the upper terrace at the approach to the monastery and the lower landscape-regular Park adjacent to the embankment of the Moscow river. The square in front of the entrance to the monastery and the lower Park of the Novodevichy monastery have the status of a cultural heritage site (OKN) of regional significance works of landscape art (SPI). It is shown that the preservation and adaptation of the square and Park to modern use should be methodically and practically linked to the requirements of ensuring the safety of the architectural ensemble. The results of field surveys of Park territories and squares of different years (2016 and 2020) and the experience of their improvement are summarized. The features of natural, historical, cultural, urban planning and landscape factors of the square and Park that affect their restoration and improvement and their role in shaping the perception of the monastery ensemble are considered. The experience of restoration and improvement of the square and Park in recent years is considered. It is recommended to adjust the subject of protection and the boundaries of the object.
Prime Numbers
Authors: Farkas Gábor , Kiss Zsombor , Papatyi Dániel , Schäffer Krisztina
Published: October 2020

"``Prime hunting" can be considered as a research area of computational number theory. Its goal is to find special combinations of integers and prove their primality. Four research groups, established by A. Járai between 1992 and 2014, published numerous world class scientific results. In this period, due to Járai's arithmetic routines fastest in the world, they reached the world record 19 times, namely found the largest known twin primes 9 times, Sophie Germain primes 7 times, a prime of the form n^4+1, a number which is simultaneously twin and Sophie Germain prime and the three largest known primes forming a Cunningham chain of length 3 of the first kind. When A. Járai retired, the investigations of this area were suspended. In the beginning of 2020 the research was reopened by G. Farkas at the newly-founded campus (Szombathely) of ELTE. The first signal success came in the end of May 2020. They proved the primality of the numbers which form the largest known Cunningham chains of length 2 of the 2nd kind. In this paper we report on a newly started prime hunting project with the aim of increasing our students' research activity.
Product configuration system development for CAD/CAM software
Authors: Karker László , Andó Mátyás , Raj Jegan Mohan Sudhan
Published: October 2020

The application designed in this research establishes a connection between Autodesk Inventor and Edgecam. In case of the component-group the automatic toolpath generation is efficiently usable even in changing product palette. The perfect CAD model with the suitable toolpath is generated in just 92 seconds with only 20 clicks. The application takes into account the used technological considerations through the manufacturing. The program is reliably usable from the first machining because the automatically filled parameters minimizes the possibility of errors. The solution increases the reliability of the quotation (even for ERP systems) because it ensures valid process time and toolset.
Bilateral High Division of Nervus Ischiadicus: A Cadaveric Case
Authors: BAKICI Rukiye Sümeyye , ÖNER Zülal
Published: October 2020

Nervus (n.) ischiadicus is a large nerve arising from the gluteal region and extending toward the posterior locations of the femur. It divides into two terminal branches on the proximal point of fossa poplitea: n. tibialis and n. peroneus communis. N. ischiadicus supplies somatic motor fibers to muscles in the feet, legs and posterior locations of the femur, while also providing sensitive fiber to a large part of leg skin and feet. N. ischiadicus was found to have a different course in the dissection performed on the bilateral gluteal region of the case in this study, the cadaver of a male person aged 55. The course of n. ischiadicus is a single branch in the gluteal region but it showed two branches in the case of this study. This course was found to be a bilateral example of Type b based on the classification of Beaton and Anson. It is important to know the course of this nerve for the surgical interventions to be made on this region considering the interaction between n. ischiadicus and other anatomical structures.
ROLE OF PLANNING AND FORECASTING CUSTOMS PAYMENTS IN THE SYSTEM BUDGET REVENUE MANAGEMENT RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Chupina Zh. S. , Chupin A. l. , Yurchenko O. A.
Published: October 2020

В монографии излагаются основные понятия и роль таможенных платежей; методические подходы к планированию и прогнозированию объема таможенных платежей, администрируемых таможенными органами; теоретические основы правового регулирования таможенных платежей; представлены авторские методики прогнозирования таможенных платежей. На сегодняшний момент существует ряд литературы, в которой таможенные платежи рассматриваются только с точки зрения пополнения федерального бюджета, в данной монографии таможенные платежи рассмотрены с точки зрения планирования их объема, перечисления в бюджет, а также описаны и представлены методики прогнозирования таможенных платежей, определена схема планирования и прогнозирования платежей таможенными органами с поэтапным описанием и характеристикой. Акцент внимания представлен на методиках прогнозирования, разработанных лично авторами. В монографии представлено исследование методик прогнозирования на примере конкретной таможни — Центральной энергетической таможни, что повышает практическую значимость работы. Монография рассчитана на студентов, аспирантов, преподавателей, научных сотрудников, практических работников.
The Existence of African Jurisprudence: An Audit of Life Experience of Precolonial Anlo Traditional Society
Authors: Amoah Enoch Kwabena ,   Faculty of Law, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
Published: October 2020

There is a controversy about the nonexistence of African Jurisprudence fueled by a jurisprudential school of thought known as the Skeptic school of thought on African Jurisprudence. Other scholars have contributed to the debate to dispel the stance of this skeptic school. Notable among these scholars is Idowu William who described the import of these attacks by the Skeptic school as consisting in the view that African jurisprudence is at best queasy. This research was carried out using interdisciplinary approach to legal research by combining knowledge in Jurisprudence of law and anthropology of precolonial Anlo society of Gold Coast to put to rest this controversy. Secondary data on plausible theories of the jurisprudence of law were assessed and used as aids to validate what is described as laws in precolonial Anlo society in Gold Coast. The validation of the laws identified was carried through an audit of the life experience of the precolonial Anlo society from secondary sources. The study findings indicate that there exists a set of ideas surrounding the rule of law which is basically developed from experiences peculiar to Africa. These have insignificant traces of western Jurisprudence hence confirming the notion that there is African Jurisprudence. It is recommended that in order not to limit the arguments refuting the claim by the Skeptic school on African jurisprudence in the future to the legal system of precolonial Anlo society, similar audit of other precolonial African societies should be carried out to ascertain whether African jurisprudence exists. Keywords: African jurisprudence, Natural law school, Positivist school, Historical and anthropological jurisprudence, Therapeutic school of thought.
EVALUATION OF GROUP DECISION MAKING BASED ON GROUP PREFERENCES UNDER A MULTI-CRITERIA ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Wu Wenshuai , Xu Zeshui , Kou Gang Kou
Published: October 2020

Arrow’s impossibility theorem stated that no single group decision making (GDM) method is perfect, in other words,
different GDM methods can produce different or even conflicting rankings. So, 1) how to evaluate GDM methods and 2) how to reconcile
different or even conflicting rankings are two important and difficult problems in GDM process, which have not been fully studied.
This paper aims to develop and propose a group decision-making consensus recognition model, named GDMCRM, to address these two problems
in the evaluation of GDM methods under a multi-criteria environment in order to identify and achieve optimal group consensus. In this
model, the ordinal and cardinal GDM methods are both implemented and studied in the process of evaluating the GDM methods. What’s more,
this proposed model can reconcile different or even conflicting rankings generated by the eight GDM methods, based on empirical research
on two real-life datasets: financial data of 12 urban commercial banks and annual report data of seven listed oil companies. The results
indicate the proposed model not only can largely satisfy the group preferences of multiple stakeholders, but can also identify the best
compromise solution from the opinion of all the participants involved in the group decision process.
The K2 and TESS Synergy. I. Updated Ephemerides and Parameters for K2-114, K2-167, K2-237, and K2-261
Authors: Ikwut-Ukwa Mma , Rodriguez Joseph E. , Bieryla Allyson , Vanderburg Andrew , Mocnik Teo , Kane Stephen R. , Quinn Samuel N. , Colón Knicole D. , Zhou George , Eastman Jason D. , Huang Chelsea X. , Latham David W. , Dotson Jessie , Jenkins Jon M. , Ricker George R. , Seager Sara , Vanderspek Roland K. , Winn Joshua N. , Barclay Thomas , Barentsen Geert , Berta-Thompson Zachory , Charbonneau David , Dragomir Diana , Daylan Tansu , Günther Maximilian N. , Hedges Christina , Henze Christopher E. , McDermott Scott , Schlieder Joshua E. , Quintana Elisa V. , Smith Jeffrey C. , Twicken Joseph D. , Yahalomi Daniel A.
Published: October 2020

Although the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) primary mission observed the northern and southern ecliptic hemispheres, generally avoiding the ecliptic, and the Kepler space telescope during the K2 mission could only observe near the ecliptic, many of the K2 fields extend far enough from the ecliptic plane that sections overlap with TESS fields. Using photometric observations from both K2 and TESS, combined with archival spectroscopic observations, we globally modeled four known planetary systems discovered by K2 that were observed in the first year of the primary TESS mission. Specifically, we provide updated ephemerides and system parameters for K2-114 b, K2-167 b, K2-237 b, and K2-261 b. These were some of the first K2 planets to be observed by TESS in the first year and include three Jovian sized planets and a sub-Neptune with orbital periods less than 12 days. In each case, the updated ephemeris significantly reduces the uncertainty in prediction of future times of transit, which is valuable for planning observations with the James Webb Space Telescope and other future facilities. The TESS extended mission is expected to observe about half of the K2 fields, providing the opportunity to perform this type of analysis on a larger number of systems.
Nature Versus Nurture: A Bayesian Framework for Assessing Apparent Correlations between Planetary Orbital Properties and Stellar Ages
Authors: Safsten Emily D. , Dawson Rebekah I. , Wolfgang Angie
Published: October 2020

Many exoplanets have orbital characteristics quite different from those seen in our own solar system, including planets locked in orbital resonances and planets on orbits that are elliptical or highly inclined from their host star’s spin axis. It is debated whether the wide variety in system architecture is primarily due to differences in formation conditions (nature) or due to evolution over time (nurture). Identifying trends between planetary and stellar properties, including stellar age, can help distinguish between these competing theories and offer insights as to how planets form and evolve. However, it can be challenging to determine whether observed trends between planetary properties and stellar age are driven by the age of the system—pointing to evolution over time being an important factor—or other parameters to which the age may be related, such as stellar mass or stellar temperature. The situation is complicated further by the possibilities of selection biases, small number statistics, uncertainties in stellar age, and orbital evolution timescales that are typically much shorter than the range of observed ages. Here, we develop a Bayesian statistical framework to assess the robustness of such observed correlations and to determine whether they are indeed due to evolutionary processes, are more likely to reflect different formation scenarios, or are merely coincidental. We apply this framework to reported trends between stellar age and 2:1 orbital resonances, spin–orbit misalignments, and hot Jupiters’ orbital eccentricities. We find strong support for the nurture hypothesis only in the final case.
A Quasi-linear Diffusion Model for Resonant Wave–Particle Instability in Homogeneous Plasma
Authors: Jeong Seong-Yeop , Verscharen Daniel , Wicks Robert T. , Fazakerley Andrew N.
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we develop a model to describe the generalized wave–particle instability in a quasi-neutral plasma. We analyze the quasi-linear diffusion equation for particles by expressing an arbitrary unstable and resonant wave mode as a Gaussian wave packet, allowing for an arbitrary direction of propagation with respect to the background magnetic field. We show that the localized energy density of the Gaussian wave packet determines the velocity-space range in which the dominant wave–particle instability and counteracting damping contributions are effective. Moreover, we derive a relation describing the diffusive trajectories of resonant particles in velocity space under the action of such an interplay between the wave–particle instability and damping. For the numerical computation of our theoretical model, we develop a mathematical approach based on the Crank–Nicolson scheme to solve the full quasi-linear diffusion equation. Our numerical analysis solves the time evolution of the velocity distribution function under the action of a dominant wave–particle instability and counteracting damping and shows a good agreement with our theoretical description. As an application, we use our model to study the oblique fast-magnetosonic/whistler instability, which is proposed as a scattering mechanism for strahl electrons in the solar wind. In addition, we numerically solve the full Fokker–Planck equation to compute the time evolution of the electron-strahl distribution function under the action of Coulomb collisions with core electrons and protons after the collisionless action of the oblique fast-magnetosonic/whistler instability.
Hydrogen Recombination Line Luminosities and Variability from Forming Planets
Authors: Szulágyi Judit , Ercolano Barbara
Published: October 2020

We calculated hydrogen recombination line luminosities (H-α, Paschen-β and Brackett-γ) from 3D thermohydrodynamical simulations of forming planets from 1 to 10 Jupiter mass (MJup). We explored various opacities to estimate the line emissions with extinction, in each case assuming boundary-layer accretion. When realistic opacities are considered, only lines from planets ≥10 MJup can be detected with current instrumentation, highlighting that most planets do not have detectable emission. This might explain the very low detection rate of H-α from forming planets from observations. While the line emission comes from both the forming planet and its circumplanetary disk, we found that only the disk component could be detected due to extinction. We examined the line variability as well, and found that it is higher for higher-mass planets. Furthermore, we determine for the first time the parametric relationship between the mass of the planet and the luminosity of the hydrogen recombination lines, as well as the equation between the accretion luminosity and hydrogen recombination line luminosities.
Formation and Evolution of Ultraluminous X-Ray Pulsar Binaries to Pulsar–Neutron Star and Pulsar–White Dwarf Systems
Authors: Abdusalam K. , Ablimit Iminhaji , Hashim P. , Lü G.-L , Mardini M. K. , Wang Z.-J
Published: October 2020

Recent observational and theoretical results have suggested that some of ultraluminous X-ray (ULX) sources may contain neutron star (NS) accretors. However, the formation channel and properties of donor stars of NS ULXs remain uncertain. By adopting the nonconservative and rotation-dependent mass transfer model in the primordial binary evolution, we investigate the way to form pulsar ULXs like observed pulsar ULXs in a systematic way. Our simulation results indicate that pulsar ULXs with Be stars and intermediate or/and high-mass donors match observed apparent luminosities, orbital periods, and observationally indicated donor masses of known pulsar ULXs. ULXs with Be and intermediate donors are main contributors. The route of accretion-induced collapse of WDs has a 4.5% contribution to the NS ULXs, 4.0% of NSs in ULXs are formed through electron-capture supernovae (SNe), and 91.5% of NSs in ULXs are born with core-collapse SNe. We also studied the evolution of pulsar ULXs to double compact star systems. We do not find NS–black hole systems (merging in a Hubble time) that evolved from pulsar ULXs. Pulsar–white dwarf (WD) cases that evolve through pulsar ULXs have significant contributions to the whole NS–WD gravitational wave sources. Contributions of pulsar–WD and pulsar–NS cases that experienced pulsar ULXs are ∼40% and 11% among all LISA NS–WD and NS–NS sources, respectively. Monte Carlo simulation noise with different models give a nonnegligible uncertainty.
Radial Distributions of Dwarf Satellite Systems in the Local Volume
Authors: Carlsten Scott G. , Greene Jenny E. , Peter Annika H. G. , Greco Johnny P. , Beaton Rachael L.
Published: October 2020

The radial spatial distribution of low-mass satellites around a Milky Way (MW)-like host is an important benchmark for simulations of small-scale structure. The distribution is sensitive to the disruption of subhalos by the central disk and can indicate whether the disruption observed in simulations of MW analogs is artificial (i.e., numerical) or physical in origin. We consider a sample of 12 well-surveyed satellite systems of MW-like hosts in the Local Volume (D < 12 Mpc) that are complete to M

V
 < −9 and within 150 projected kpc. We investigate the radial distribution of satellites and compare with ΛCDM cosmological simulations, including big-box cosmological simulations and high-resolution zoom-in simulations of MW-sized halos. We find that the observed satellites are significantly more centrally concentrated than the simulated systems. Several of the observed hosts, including the MW, are ∼2σ outliers relative to the simulated hosts in being too concentrated, while none of the observed hosts are less centrally concentrated than the simulations. This result is robust to different ways of measuring the radial concentration. We find that this discrepancy is more significant for bright, M

V
 < −12 satellites, suggestive that this is not the result of observational incompleteness. We argue that the discrepancy is possibly due to artificial disruption in the simulations, but, if so, this has important ramifications for what relation between stellar mass and halo mass is allowed in the low-mass regime by the observed abundance of satellites.
Maps of the Number of H i Clouds along the Line of Sight at High Galactic Latitude
Authors: Panopoulou G. V. , Lenz D.
Published: October 2020

Characterizing the structure of the Galactic interstellar medium (ISM) in three dimensions is of high importance for accurate modeling of dust emission as a foreground to the cosmic microwave background (CMB). At high Galactic latitude, where the total dust content is low, accurate maps of the 3D structure of the ISM are lacking. We develop a method to quantify the complexity of the distribution of dust along the line of sight with the use of H i line emission. The method relies on a Gaussian decomposition of the H i spectra to disentangle the emission from overlapping components in velocity. We use this information to create maps of the number of clouds along the line of sight. We apply the method to (a) the high Galactic latitude sky and (b) the region targeted by the BICEP/Keck experiment. In the north Galactic cap we find on average three clouds per 0.2 square degree pixel, while in the south the number falls to 2.5. The statistics of the number of clouds are affected by intermediate-velocity clouds (IVCs), primarily in the north. IVCs produce detectable features in the dust emission measured by Planck. We investigate the complexity of H i spectra in the BICEP/Keck region and find evidence for the existence of multiple components along the line of sight. The data (doi: 10.7910/DVN/8DA5LH) and software are made publicly available and can be used to inform CMB foreground modeling and 3D dust mapping.
Special Supernova Signature from BH–NS/BH Progenitor Systems
Authors: Gao He , Liu Liang-Duan , Lei Wei-Hua , Zhao Litao
Published: October 2020

The gravitational-wave detection by the LIGO-Virgo scientific collaboration shows that black hole and neutron star (BH–NS) or BH–BH systems with a BH mass of tens of solar masses widely exist in the universe. Two main types of scenarios have been invoked for the formation of BH–NS/BH systems, including isolated binary evolution in galactic fields and dynamical interactions in dense environments. Here we propose that if the BH–NS/BH systems are formed from isolated binary evolution, the supernova (SN) signal associated with the second core collapse would show some identifiable features, due to the accretion feedback from the companion BH. Depending on the binary properties, we show that the SN lightcurve could present a sharp peak around ∼10 days, with luminosity even at the level of the super luminous SNe (e.g.,

) or present a plateau feature lasting for several tens of days with regular luminosity of core collapse SNe. Comparing the event rate density of these special SN signals with the event rate density of LIGO-Virgo detected BH–NS/BH systems could help to distinguish the BH–NS/BH formation channel.
Correction to Pippa Smart’s viewpoint, “Dealing with diffcult authors”. DOI:10.3897/ese.2020.e52201
Authors: Editing European Science
Published: October 2020

In this article the author’s competing interests were not declared. This has been corrected in the online article, DOI: 10.3897/ese.2020.e52201.