bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The TikTok Addiction Scale: Development and validation
Authors: Galanis Petros , Katsiroumpa Aglaia , Moisoglou Ioannis , Konstantakopoulou Olympia
Published: July 2024

Introduction: There is an absence of valid and specific psychometric tools to assess TikTok addiction. Considering that the use of TikTok is increasing very rapidly, and the fact that TikTok addiction may be a different form of social media addiction, there is an urge for a valid tool to measure TikTok addiction.
Aim: To develop and validate a tool to measure TikTok addiction among users.
Methods: First, we performed an extensive literature review to create a pool of items to measure TikTok addiction. Then, we employed a panel of experts from different backgrounds to examine the content validity of the initial set of items. We examined the face validity of the scale by performing cognitive interviews with TikTok users and calculating the item-level face validity index. We employed exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to examine the construct validity of the “TikTok Addiction Scale” (TTAS). We examined the concurrent validity of the TTAS by using the “Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale” (BSMAS), the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), and the Big Five Inventory‐10 (BFI‐10). We used Cronbach’s alpha, McDonald’s Omega, Cohen’s kappa, and intraclass correlation coefficient to examine the reliability of the TTAS.
Results: Initially, we developed a pool of 28 items and, after expert panel review and item analysis, we deleted 13 items. Then, we conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis including 15 items to examine the factorial structure of the TTAS. Both analyses confirmed that the final version of the TTAS includes 15 items. Moreover, we found six factors including 15 items; salience (two items), mood modification (two items), tolerance (three items), withdrawal symptoms (two items), conflict (four items), and relapse (two items). Concurrent validity of the TTAS was excellent since we found statistically significant correlations between the TTAS and the BSMAS, the PHQ-4, and the BFI‐10. Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s Omega for the TTAS was 0.911 and 0.914, respectively. Cohen’s kappa for the 15 items ranged from 0.760 to 0.954 (p < 0.001 in all cases). Intraclass correlation coefficient for the TTAS was 0.994 (p < 0.001). Thus, the reliability of the TTAS was excellent.
Conclusions: The TTAS is a six-factor 15-item scale with robust psychometric properties. The TTAS is a short and easy-to-use tool that measures levels of TikTok addiction among users in a valid way. Considering the limitations of our study, we recommend the translation and validation of the TTAS in other languages and populations to further examine the reliability and the validity of the scale.
Exploring the Optical, Thermoelectric and Dynamic Properties of AReO3 Perovskite Compounds (A = Cs, Rb, Tl): A DFT and MD Study
Authors: Arumona Arumona Edward , Johnson Austin
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the optical, thermoelectric, and dynamic properties of AReO3 perovskite oxides (A = Cs, Rb, Tl) using density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations. The optical properties, including reflectivity, joint density of states, refractive index, and absorption coefficient, are calculated and compared across the three materials, revealing distinct characteristics for each compound. Thermoelectric properties such as Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity are analyzed as functions of temperature and chemical potential. Molecular dynamics simulations are used to examine the dynamic behavior through velocity autocorrelation functions at different temperatures. The results show CsReO3 having the highest reflectivity and refractive index, promising thermoelectric potential, and stable dynamic behavior across temperatures. TlReO3 exhibits the highest absorption coefficient and unique temperature-dependent dynamic behavior. This study provides insights into the potential applications of these rhenium-based perovskite oxides in optoelectronics, thermoelectrics, and high- temperature devices, paving the way for further research in optimizing their properties for specific applications.
Unterirdische Hürden für Cargo Sous Terrain - zur Umsetzung gewässerschutzrechtlicher Vorgaben im Rahmen des Bundesgesetzes über den unterirdischen Gütertransport
Authors: Abegg Andreas , Meyer Christian
Published: July 2024

Die Cargo Sous Terrain AG plant, die wichtigsten Logistikzentren des Mittellands mit einem automatisierten unterirdischen Gütertransport miteinander zu verbinden. Die erste zum Bau vorgesehene Teilstrecke führt durch die drei Kantone Solothurn, Aargau und Zürich. Zwar schafft das Bundesgesetz über den unterirdischen Gütertransport (UGüTG) einen spezifischen Rechtsrahmen samt bundesrechtlicher Sachplanung und Plangenehmigung. Offen bleibt allerdings, inwieweit die sehr unterschiedliche kantonale Vollzugspraxis beim Grundwasserschutz auf die entsprechenden Verfahren einwirkt. Eine Auslegung der einschlägigen Normen legt nahe, dass der Bund mit dem UGüTG die kantonalen Eigenheiten im Vollzug erheblich überlagert.
--
La société Cargo Sous Terrain AG prévoit de connecter les principaux centres logistiques de la région du Plateau suisse via un réseau de transport de marchandises automatisé et souterrain. La première section de ce projet traversera les cantons de Soleure, d'Argovie et de Zurich. La loi fédérale sur le transport souterrain de marchandises (LTSM) fournit un cadre juridique spécifique pour la planification sectorielle et l'approbation des plans conformément au droit fédéral. Toutefois, l'impact des pratiques d'exécution, qui varient considérablement d'un canton à l'autre en matière de protection des eaux souterraines, reste à évaluer. Une interprétation des normes pertinentes suggère que la Confédération, par le biais de la LTSM, supplante sensiblement les spécificités cantonales en matière d'exécution.
Mineralogical fingerprints of crustal silica contamination in the Bayan Obo carbonatite
Authors: Xiao Yulun , Yang Wubin , Yang Xiaoyong , Cao Yonghua , Tian Pengfei , Zhao Zhuang
Published: July 2024

Carbonatites are carbonate-rich and silica-undersaturated igneous rocks. The presence of various silicates in carbonatites has sparked discussions about the source of silica. In this study, abundant fluorbritholite-(Ce) and humite group minerals are identified in the No. 1 carbonatite dike at the Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit. These silicates are relatively rare and poorly understood in carbonatite systems. Mineral textures, in-situ EPMA and LA-ICP-MS analyses have been combined to constrain the mineral genesis in the carbonatite. Fluorbritholite-(Ce), member of the apatite super-group, occurs as euhedral to subhedral crystals in the dike. They are characterized by remarkably high concentrations of REE2O3 (56.0-63.7 wt.%), SiO2 (19.6-21.2 wt.%) and F (2.47-3.47 wt.%), along with relatively lower P2O5 (0.25-3.69 wt.%) and CaO (10.3-14.2 wt.%) contents compared to common fluorapatite species. Additionally, their high Y (961-3435 ppm) and low Sr/Y (0.59-2.70) values suggest a hydrothermal origin from a fluid rich in SiO2, REE and F. Humite group minerals, mainly chondrodite and humite, display irregular mineral textures. They also exhibit elevated SiO2 (32.5-34.7 wt.%), and F content (3.59-7.32 wt.%), with notably low TiO2 content (0.02-0.08 wt.%), indicating a hydrothermal origin induced by fenitization in the shallow crust. Our results favor a model of crustal silica contamination for the fenitization fluids, enriched in F, LREE and SiO2. More importantly, the fluid-assisted silica contamination from wall rocks within carbonatites is likely to be a critical trigger of REE deposition in the carbonatite ore-forming systems.
Unusual sulfide-rich magmatic apatite crystals from >2.7 Ga Abitibi Greenstone Belt, Canada
Authors: Meng Xuyang , Mole David R. , Simon Adam C. , Mao Jingwen , Kontak Daniel J. , Jugo Pedro J. , Kleinsasser Jackie M.
Published: July 2024

Sodic volcanoplutonic terranes in the Archean can be well preserved, but why oxidized S-rich sodic magmas and porphyry-type Cu-Au deposits are so rare remains poorly understood. Here we addressed this issue by measuring the S concentration and S6+/ΣS ratio of primary apatite grains in >2.7 Ga felsic volcanic rocks from the well-characterized Neoarchean Abitibi Greenstone Belt of the Superior Province, Canada. Whereas apatite grains in most samples contain low S concentrations (<0.01 wt%, n = 24), a few apatite samples are S-rich (0.14 ± 0.03 wt%, 1σ) and have low S6+/ΣS ratios (0.56 ± 0.17; 1σ, n = 4). Samples with S-poor apatite have variable whole-rock La/Yb ratios (generally <30) and zircon 10000*(Eu/Eu*)/Yb ratios of 11 ± 8 (1σ), which may be products of plume-driven or over-thickened crustal melting. In contrast, the samples with S-rich apatite have elevated La/Yb ratios of 49 ± 15 (1σ), zircon 10000*(Eu/EuN*)/Yb ratios of 26 ± 7 (1σ), and zircon δ18O values of 5.8 ± 0.1 ‰ (1σ), consistent with a deep, hydrous and homogeneous mantle-like source for the melts dominated by amphibole ± garnet fractionation that is reminiscent of subduction-like process. These are the first reported results documenting the predominant accommodation of relatively reduced S in S-rich apatite grains crystallized from terrestrial silicate melts, possibly reflecting slight oxidation associated with the hydration of Neoarchean mantle and crystal fractionation over the magma evolution. The more common S-poor apatite data suggest that suppressed oxidation of the parental sodic magmas led to weak S emission from Earth’s interior to its evolving surface, explaining the rarity of porphyry-type Cu deposits in > 2.7 Ga Archean sodic volcanoplutonic terranes.
Multi-analytical characterization of an unusual epidote-supergroup mineral from Malmkärra, Sweden: Toward the new (OH)-analogue of dollaseite-(Ce)
Authors: Taddei Alice , Bonazzi Paola , Förster Hans-Jürgen , Casey Patrick , Holtstam Dan , Karlsson Andreas , Bindi Luca
Published: July 2024

A study of a skarn sample from the Malmkärra iron mines, Norberg, Västmanland (Sweden) revealed the occurrence of a peculiar epidote-supergroup mineral. It was examined using electron microprobe, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. Structure refinements combined with electron-microprobe data indicate the following cation populations: A1 = Ca0.96REE3+0.03Mn0.01; A2 = REE3+0.99Ca0.01; M1 = Mg0.40Al0.32Fe3+0.26Fe2+0.02; M2 = Al0.98Fe3+0.02; M3 = Mg0.72Fe2+0.17Fe3+0.11; T1,2,3 = Si2.93Al0.07, accounting for a total positive charge of 24.64. The presence of Fe2+ is confirmed by Mössbauer data. The remarkable amount of divalent cations at both M1 and M3 (> 1 pfu, per formula unit) demands more than one monovalent anion pfu in the structure. As the mineral lacks fluorine, charge neutrality must be achieved through additional H+ (about 0.4 apfu). Only one independent hydrogen atom is located within the structure, with O10 as donor and O4 as acceptor, as in other epidote-supergroup minerals. Nonetheless, another O–O distance is suitable for a hydrogen bond, namely O10–O2. Although the existence of the additional OH group was not directly proved by vibrational spectroscopy, FT-IR data provided information related to this potential O10–O2 bridge. In the IR-spectrum acquired, several bands are observed in the OH-stretching region, and a secondary peak at 2140 cm–1 could be assigned to the bending mode of the O10–H…O2 group. To shed light onto this puzzling observation, one single crystal was subjected to annealing experiments at temperatures from 500 to 700°C, in 50°C steps, while a second one has undergone a heat treatment at 700°C. After the heat treatment, the IR-spectrum showed a decrease in intensity of all observed bands, in agreement with a dehydrogenation occurring at high temperatures. Although the structural position of the second hydrogen is still uncertain, it is reasonable to describe the composition of the epidote-supergroup mineral from Malmkärra as a solid solution between dissakisite-(Ce) (32%), ferriallanite-(Ce) (28%) and a yet undescribed end-member (40%), the (OH)-analogue of dollaseite-(Ce) – ideally CaREE3+Mg2AlSi3O11(OH)2.
Scientometric insights into dynamic capabilities: measuring academic impact and trends
Authors: Martínez-Pinzón Cesar Anibal , Duque-Hurtado Pedro Luis
Published: July 2024

The business world is characterized by the rapid pace of changes in technological, political, and economic spheres. It is important to have the theoretical foundations that allow for the management of these rapid changes on a global scale. Dynamic Capabilities (DC) is a theoretical framework that facilitates addressing this issue. The objective of this article is to highlight advances in the measurement of dynamic capabilities by replicating a previous study and using scientometric techniques. Searches were conducted in Scopus and Web of Science, and the data were analyzed from two perspectives: a scientometric approach and the Tree of Science algorithm. The results revealed a 17.39 % increase in scientific production between 2000 and 2022, identifying three main trends: "Dynamic Capabilities: Driving Performance and Innovation in Rapidly Evolving Technological Landscapes"; "Strategic Advantages of Supply Chain Dynamic Capabilities in Enhancing Competitiveness"; and "Emphasizing Digitalization: The Impact of Big Data on Promoting Flexibility and Organizational Learning." These findings significantly contribute to the understanding of dynamic capabilities in current business management and provide guidance for future research in this field
El papel vital de la cienciometría en la investigación moderna
Authors: Robledo-Giraldo Sebastian
Published: July 2024

El estudio de la cienciometría se ha vuelto cada vez más vital para mapear la trayectoria del progreso científico y comprender la dinámica de la investigación académica (Rivera et al., 2024). La cienciometría, el estudio cuantitativo de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación, desempeña un papel crucial en la comprensión del desarrollo y la difusión del conocimiento científico (Xu et al., 2024). Al analizar los patrones de publicación, las redes de citación y las tendencias de investigación, los estudios cienciométricos proporcionan ideas esenciales sobre la dinámica del progreso científico y el impacto de la investigación en la sociedad (Cortés, 2023). Este número especial de Clío América está dedicado a presentar una serie de revisiones cienciométricas que arrojan luz sobre varios aspectos, incluyendo la sostenibilidad agrícola y ambiental, la producción de café orgánico, el cultivo de aguacate, el emprendimiento, el marketing inclusivo, las capacidades dinámicas, el e-liderazgo y el turismo sostenible. A pesar de su importancia, la investigación cienciométrica enfrenta varios desafíos. La accesibilidad y la calidad de los datos a menudo son limitadas, lo que dificulta los análisis integrales (Chi & Glänzel, 2024; Cortés, 2023). La complejidad de integrar datos de múltiples fuentes, como Scopus y Web of Science, plantea obstáculos adicionales (Lin, Y et al., 2023). Además, el rápido crecimiento de la literatura científica requiere herramientas y metodologías avanzadas para analizar e interpretar eficazmente grandes cantidades de información (Bornmann & Lepori, 2024; Sourati & Evans, 2023).
La ficción agujereada en Fabla salvaje de César Vallejo
Authors: De la Sota Díaz Edmundo
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es revelar cómo el empleo de un discurso cultista (de clara raigambre modernista) perturba y agujerea, en determinados momentos de la narración, la configuración coherente de la ficción en Fabla salvaje. En efecto, si en la mayor parte de la diégesis se observa una narración pertinente (de tono directo y sencillo) en cuanto se va desarrollando un conflicto familiar de cariz realista, rural y andino, se trastoca cuando el narrador heterodiegético incorpora súbitamente algunos enunciados ostentosos. De este modo, esta dicción culta desarticula la naturalidad de los enunciados narrativos para transformarla en situaciones oratorias claramente artificiosas. Asimismo, esta opción narrativa permite el exhibicionismo de un narrador que se erige como si fuera el principal protagonista de la historia narrada, gracias a su elocuencia ruidosamente ilustrada. En cuanto al marco teórico, se trabaja con las propuestas de ficción de Jesús G. Maestro y las propuestas narratológicas sobre la categoría del personaje de Gerard Genette. Con el apoyo de estas categorías, se realiza una lectura crítica, apropiada, de esta primera novela de César Vallejo.
The Potential Role of Non-coding RNAs in Regulating Ferroptosis in Cancer: Mechanisms and Application Prospects
Authors: Cao Ming-Yuan , Zhang Zhen-Dong , Hou Xin-Rui , Wang Xiao-Ping
Published: July 2024

:

Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally. Despite some successes, conventional cancer
treatments are insufficient to address the growing problem of drug resistance in tumors and to achieve efficient
treatment outcomes. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore new therapeutic options. Ferroptosis, a type of
iron- and reactive oxygen species-dependent regulated cell death, has been closely associated with cancer development
and progression. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of RNAs that do not code for proteins, and
studies have demonstrated their involvement in the regulation of ferroptosis in cancer. This review aims to explore
the molecular regulatory mechanisms of ncRNAs involved in ferroptosis in cancer and to emphasize the
feasibility of ferroptosis and ncRNAs as novel therapeutic strategies for cancer. We conducted a systematic and
extensive literature review using PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and various other sources to identify
relevant studies on ferroptosis, ncRNAs, and cancer. A deeper understanding of ferroptosis and ncRNAs could
facilitate the development of new cancer treatment strategies.
Ética da informação e os desvios do contrato social
Authors: Costa Camila , Lima Aureste , Bezerra Arthur
Published: July 2024

Reflections in the field of information ethics have gained more and more importance for going through discussions that reflect various aspects of daily life in today’s society. This paper aims to discuss the dilemma of the State, in its ethical expression, in the treatment of the informational question. It is argued that the State, in its current evolution admitted by society, as a political apparatus based on a social contract of enlightenment heritage must have in the common good its horizon, genuine reason for democracy. In this sense, informational policies and actions admitted and exchanged by the State must never run away fromitsdemocratic vocation. It is under this precept that the public ethics of information is defended in this work; an ethics committed to the emancipation that is given by the knowledge invoked by information and whose practical assimilation is a challenge within the state of neoliberal contours like Brazil of recent years.
A competência em informação nos cursos superiores de biblioteconomia no Brasil
Authors: Machado Renata Farias , Borges Jussara
Published: July 2024

This work addresses librarian training, with emphasis on the presence of the theme “information literacy” in the curriculum. Thus, it aims to identify how information literacy is treated in higher education programmes ofLibrary Sciencein Brazil. The methodological approach is configured as quantitative-qualitative and carries out content analysis of the syllabuses of the courses that deal with the theme and the respective programmes’ teaching plans. It was identified that just over half of Library Science programmes offer mandatory or optional courses that cover information literacy, even if succinctly. Only 22% of the coursesare specifically designed to address the topic. Based on the results, the research concludes that there is a need to address information literacyin librarian’straining, considering the social demands of information education.
Clinical, psychological and environmental factors that affect sleep quality of in surgical patients
Authors: Cascais Ana Filipa , Cunha Madalena
Published: July 2024

Objective: To assess the quality of sleep among surgical inpatients and to determine the associated clinical, environmental, and psychological factors. Method: A cross-sectional observational study using descriptive correlation analysis was conducted on 150 surgical inpatients at a Portuguese hospital center. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index - Portuguese version (PSQI-PT) were administered. Result: Most participants seemed to experience poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5 = 89.3%) during hospitalization.Factors associated with poor sleep quality include several clinical variables whose scores were significantly worse among cancer patients, patients undergoing colorectal surgery or esophagogastroduodenoscopies, those with longer hospital stays, and those experiencing pain and health-related complications. Variables related to sleep disturbances included noise, persistent changes in sleeping position, feelings of anxiety, and health concerns. Conclusion: Findings revel a high prevalence of poor sleep quality during hospitalization caused by an increased sleep latency period, a decline in total sleep time, and lower sleep efficiency.
Elaboration, Structural and Optical Characterization of the New Ternary Chalcogenide SnSb2S5
Authors: Kraidy Assohoun Fulgence , El Radaf Islam M. , Zeinert Andreas , Lahmar Abdelilah , Pelaiz-Barranco Aime , Simon Pardis , Gagou Yaovi
Published: July 2024

In this study, -antimony sulfide (SnSb2S5) thin films with 200 nm, 312 nm, and 431 nm thicknesses were successfully fabricated using thermal evaporation. These films' structural, optical, and photoanode properties were meticulously characterized to assess their suitability for photovoltaic applications. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of an orthorhombic symmetry phase within the Pnma space group, ensuring the crystalline quality of the films. Raman spectroscopy further validated the crystal structure and provided detailed identification of the vibrational active modes specific to this pseudo-binary chalcogenide compound. Optical characterization revealed that the SnSb2S5 thin films possess direct optical bandgap energies ranging from 1.91 to 1.99 eV, making them ideal for efficient light absorption in photovoltaic devices. The refractive index (n) displayed minimal variation within the absorption region, indicating stable optical properties. At the same time, it increased proportionally with film thickness outside the absorption region, suggesting enhanced optical behavior with thicker films. This characteristic is particularly advantageous for improving the efficiency of photoanode materials. The combination of favorable structural properties, optimal bandgap energies, and tunable optical responses positions SnSb2S5 thin films as promising candidates for advanced photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications. These findings highlight the potential of SnSb2S5 in developing high-performance photoanodes, contributing to the advancement of solar energy conversion technologies.
Smartwatch-Detected Arrhythmias in Patients After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR): Analysis of the SMART TAVR Trial
Authors: Fan Jiaqi , Dai Hanyi , Guo Yuchao , Xu Jianguo , Wang Lihan , Jiang Jubo , Lin Xinping , Li Cheng , Zhou Dao , Li Huajun , Liu Xianbao , Wang Jian'an
Published: July 2024

Background

There are limited data available on the development of arrhythmias in patients at risk of high-degree atrioventricular block (HAVB) or complete heart block (CHB) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Objective

This study aimed to explore the incidence and evolution of arrhythmias by monitoring patients at risk of HAVB or CHB after TAVR using smartwatches.

Methods

We analyzed 188 consecutive patients in the prospective SMART TAVR (smartwatch-facilitated early discharge in patients undergoing TAVR) trial. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the risk of HAVB or CHB. Patients were required to trigger a single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) recording and send it to the Heart Health App via their smartphone. Physicians in the central ECG core lab would then analyze the ECG. The incidence and timing of arrhythmias and pacemaker implantation within a 30-day follow-up were compared. All arrhythmic events were adjudicated in a central ECG core lab.

Results

The mean age of the patients was 73.1 (SD 7.3) years, of whom 105 (55.9%) were men. The mean discharge day after TAVR was 2.0 (SD 1.8) days. There were no statistically significant changes in the evolution of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, Mobitz I, Mobitz II, and third-degree atrial ventricular block over time in the first month after TAVR. The incidence of the left bundle branch block (LBBB) increased in the first week and decreased in the subsequent 3 weeks significantly (P<.001). Patients at higher risk of HAVB or CHB received more pacemaker implantation after discharge (n=8, 9.6% vs n=2, 1.9%; P=.04). The incidence of LBBB was higher in the group with higher HAVB or CHB risk (n=47, 56.6% vs n=34, 32.4%; P=.001). The independent predictors for pacemaker implantation were age, baseline atrial fibrillation, baseline right bundle branch block, Mobitz II, and third-degree atrioventricular block detected by the smartwatch.

Conclusions

Except for LBBB, no change in arrhythmias was observed over time in the first month after TAVR. A higher incidence of pacemaker implantation after discharge was observed in patients at risk of HAVB or CHB. However, Mobitz II and third-degree atrioventricular block detected by the smartwatch during follow-ups were more valuable indicators to predict pacemaker implantation after discharge from the index TAVR.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04454177; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04454177
Feuerstein Instrumental Enrichment Program for People With Schizophrenia After the First Episode of Psychosis: Protocol for an Open-Label Intervention Study
Authors: Fonseca Ana Olivia , Gomes July Silveira , Novaes Rafael Angulo Condoretti Barros , Dias Cíntia Lopes , Rodrigues Maria Eva de Miranda Alves , Gadelha Ary , Noto Cristiano
Published: July 2024

Background

Schizophrenia is a disorder associated with neurocognitive deficits that adversely affect daily functioning and impose an economic burden. Cognitive rehabilitation interventions, particularly during the early phases of illness, have been shown to improve cognition, functionality, and quality of life. The Feuerstein Instrumental Enrichment (FIE) program, based on the Mediated Learning Experience and the Structural Cognitive Modifiability theory, has been applied in various disorders, but its applicability in schizophrenia has not yet been clarified.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the effects of the FIE program on the functionality of patients with first-episode schizophrenia.

Methods

In total, 17 patients will be recruited for an open-label intervention consisting of twice-weekly sessions for 10 weeks. The primary outcome measure will be changes in the Goal Achievement Scale score. Maze task performance from the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) battery will serve as a secondary outcome measure. At the same time, changes in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale scores and other MATRICS domains will be analyzed as exploratory outcomes. Assessments will be administered before and after the intervention, with a follow-up period of 6 months.

Results

This trial was preregistered in The Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (RBR-4gzhy4s). By February 2024, 11 participants were enrolled in the training. Recruitment is expected to be completed by May 2024. Data analysis will be conducted between May and September 2024. The results are expected to be published in January 2025.

Conclusions

This study may establish a protocol for the FIE program that uses mediation techniques for individuals in the early stages of schizophrenia. The results will add to the knowledge about strategies to promote cognitive skills and functional impairment in daily life.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/57031
Impact of Consumer Wearables Data on Pediatric Surgery Clinicians’ Management: Multi-Institutional Scenario-Based Usability Study
Authors: Carter Michela , Linton Samuel C , Zeineddin Suhail , Pitt J Benjamin , De Boer Christopher , Figueroa Angie , Gosain Ankush , Lanning David , Lesher Aaron , Islam Saleem , Sathya Chethan , Holl Jane L , Ghomrawi Hassan MK , Abdullah Fizan
Published: July 2024

Background

At present, parents lack objective methods to evaluate their child’s postoperative recovery following discharge from the hospital. As a result, clinicians are dependent upon a parent’s subjective assessment of the child’s health status and the child’s ability to communicate their symptoms. This subjective nature of home monitoring contributes to unnecessary emergency department (ED) use as well as delays in treatment. However, the integration of data remotely collected using a consumer wearable device has the potential to provide clinicians with objective metrics for postoperative patients to facilitate informed longitudinal, remote assessment.

Objective

This multi-institutional study aimed to evaluate the impact of adding actual and simulated objective recovery data that were collected remotely using a consumer wearable device to simulated postoperative telephone encounters on clinicians’ management.

Methods

In total, 3 simulated telephone scenarios of patients after an appendectomy were presented to clinicians at 5 children’s hospitals. Each scenario was then supplemented with wearable data concerning or reassuring against a postoperative complication. Clinicians rated their likelihood of ED referral before and after the addition of wearable data to evaluate if it changed their recommendation. Clinicians reported confidence in their decision-making.

Results

In total, 34 clinicians participated. Compared with the scenario alone, the addition of reassuring wearable data resulted in a decreased likelihood of ED referral for all 3 scenarios (P<.01). When presented with concerning wearable data, there was an increased likelihood of ED referral for 1 of 3 scenarios (P=.72, P=.17, and P<.001). At the institutional level, there was no difference between the 5 institutions in how the wearable data changed the likelihood of ED referral for all 3 scenarios. With the addition of wearable data, 76% (19/25) to 88% (21/24 and 22/25) of clinicians reported increased confidence in their recommendations.

Conclusions

The addition of wearable data to simulated telephone scenarios for postdischarge patients who underwent pediatric surgery impacted clinicians’ remote patient management at 5 pediatric institutions and increased clinician confidence. Wearable devices are capable of providing real-time measures of recovery, which can be used as a postoperative monitoring tool to reduce delays in care and avoidable health care use.
A nomogram for predicting survival in patients with lower limb melanoma: A study based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Yanhua , Li Haijian , Cai Bing , Su Yanqiong , Li Dongni , Chen Hulin
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting cancer-specific survival (CSS) in individuals suffering from lower limb melanoma (LLM) at 3-, 5-, and 8-year intervals following diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting cancer-specific survival (CSS) in individuals suffering from lower limb melanoma (LLM) at 3-, 5-, and 8-year intervals following diagnosis.

METHODS

Patient data pertaining to lower limb melanoma (LLM) cases were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. By employing a random selection process, a training cohort consisting of 70% of the patient population and a validation cohort comprising 30% of the patients were established. Utilizing a backward stepwise Cox regression model, independent prognostic factors were identified. These factors were subsequently integrated into the nomogram, enabling the prediction of cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates at 3-, 5-, and 8-year intervals after diagnosis. The nomogram's performance was evaluated through various metrics, including the concordance index (C-index), the area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), the net reclassification improvement (NRI), the integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), calibration curves, and decision-curve analysis (DCA).

RESULTS

This study involved a comprehensive cohort comprising 12,580 patients diagnosed with lower limb melanoma (LLM). Through an analysis of the Cox regression model within the training cohort, a total of nine prognostic factors were identified, namely age, RNP (regional node positive), sex, race, AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) stage, surgical status, chemotherapy status, radiation status, and income status. Subsequently, a nomogram was developed and subjected to rigorous internal and external validation procedures. The nomogram demonstrated excellent discriminatory abilities, as reflected by significantly high C-index and AUC values. Calibration curves provided further confirmation of the nomogram's reliability. Notably, the nomogram exhibited superior performance compared to the AJCC model, as evidenced by improved NRI and IDI values. The decision-curve analysis (DCA) curves further validated the clinical utility of the nomogram, underscoring its practical relevance in prognostication for patients with LLM.

CONCLUSIONS

The current investigation has effectively developed and validated an initial nomogram for prognosticating outcomes in patients with lower limb melanoma (LLM). The nomogram's impressive performance and practical applicability highlight its potential usefulness within clinical settings. However, it is important to note that additional external validation is necessary to further substantiate its reliability and generalizability.
Development of an AI-Driven Biological Age Prediction Model Using Comprehensive Health Check-Up Data (Preprint)
Authors: CHOE EUN KYUNG , Leiby Jacob S. , Kim Dokyoon
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The global increase in life expectancy has not been paralleled by a similar rise in healthy life expectancy. Accurate assessment of biological aging is crucial for mitigating diseases and socioeconomic burdens associated with aging. Current biological age prediction models are limited by their reliance on conventional statistical methods and constrained clinical information.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop and validate an aging clock model using artificial intelligence, based on comprehensive health check-up data, to predict biological age and assess its clinical relevance.

METHODS

We used data from Koreans who underwent health check-ups at Seoul National University Hospital Gangnam Center and the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) HEXA data. Our model incorporated 39 clinical factors and employed machine learning algorithms, including linear regression, Elastic Net, LASSO, Ridge regression, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Gradient Boost, and K-nearest Neighbors. Model performance was evaluated using adjusted R-squared and Mean Squared Error (MSE). SHAP analysis was conducted to interpret the model's predictions.

RESULTS

The SVM model achieved the best performance with an MSE of 9.38 and an R2 of 0.927. SHAP analysis identified significant predictors of biological age, including markers of kidney function, metabolic health, and anthropometric measurements. The predicted biological age showed strong associations with multiple clinical factors, such as pulmonary function, atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and body compositions.

CONCLUSIONS

Our aging clock model demonstrates high predictive accuracy and clinical relevance, offering a valuable tool for personalized health monitoring and intervention. The model's applicability in routine health check-ups could enhance health management and promote regular health evaluations.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Coloring of Non-Zero Component Graphs
Authors: Mary Mathew Vrinda , Naduvath Sudev
Published: July 2024

The non-zero component graph of finite dimensional vector space V over a finite field F is the graph G(Vα)= (V,E), where vertices of G(Vα) are the non-zero vectors in V, two of which are adjacent if they share at least one basis vector with non-zero coefficient in their basic representation. In this paper, we study the various types of colorings of non-zero component graph.
Fabrication and Automation of Drilling Machine by Arduino Control
Authors: Lokesh G.
Published: July 2024

Abstract: For precision workpiece manufacturing, the system should have good dimensional accuracy and surface finish. In applications such as drilling, punching, marking, boring, tapping, etc., the workpiece is first positioned, and then the tool executes its action while the moving axis remains stationary. In the traditional method of such applications, manufacturers use very expensive CNC machines to program the cycle and perform the same work. Large manufacturers can afford such expensive machines, but for the small machinery manufacturing industry, we must consider low-cost solutions that can provide highquality output. In this study, we tried to propose a low-cost design that can be used to achieve functions similar to CNC. By applying this machine in industry, multiple generations can be obtained in a short time. It is very difficult to estimate the drilling depth when manually drilling with a traditional drilling machine, and the work will usually fail due to over-drilling. In many cases, it is difficult to measure the depth after the drilling is completed; especially the depth of the fine hole cannot be measured. Therefore, an automatic drilling machine that performs the drilling function according to the generated drilling depth and transmitted to the control circuit is indispensable; therefore, undertaking the study, it exposed the technology of the dedicated drilling machine. The automatic drilling machine designed here is very useful for the mechanical workshop. The machine is built with power feed technology and is designed to drill the job to a certain specified depth.
An Online Survey on Usability, Acceptability, Attitude and Knowledge of Herbal and Synthetic Cosmetic Among Sikkimese Population
Authors: Sharma Samikshya , Lepcha San Tshering , Sharma Bidhya , Bhutia Sonam
Published: July 2024

In recent years, the global cosmetics industry has witnessed a notable shift in consumer preferences towards natural and organic products, leading to an increased demand for herbal cosmetics derived from plant-based ingredients. This research survey presents a comparative analysis of herbal and synthetic cosmetics, exploring distinctions in formulation, efficacy, safety, and environmental impact. Herbal cosmetics incorporate natural elements like plant extracts, essential oils, herbs, and fruits, while synthetic counterparts are developed using chemical compounds in laboratories to replicate specific properties. The main objective is to find out the preferences between herbal and synthetic cosmetics among individuals in Sikkim. The methodology adopted for mini survey was pre-prepared questionnaires were developed by using Google forms and shared through the online platforms such as Mail, Whatapps and facebook. An online survey conducted in different districts of Sikkim revealed that 42% of respondents favoured herbal cosmetics, while 31% preferred synthetic products and 23% had no specific preference. Factors influencing those leaning toward synthetic cosmetics included perceived effectiveness, availability, and affordability. Despite the clear interest and preference for herbal cosmetics, the survey also highlighted limited choice and availability in comparison to synthetic alternatives. This suggests a substantial opportunity for growth in the herbal cosmetic industry, emphasizing the need for increased accessibility to meet the growing demand in Sikkim and beyond.
Keywords: Knowledge of Herbal, An Online Survey, Herbal Cosmetics, Acceptability, Usability, Sikkimese People
Assessment of haematological parameters in HIV patients attending Kabutare district Hospital
Authors: Emmanuel NTIVUGURUZWA , ALAIN PRUDENCE ISHIMWE , Danny UFITEYEZU Pierre , Yoranda IMURINDE , Athanasie UWIRINGIYIMANA
Published: July 2024

Background: Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is characterized by progressive weakening of the immune system attributed to the decrease in the number of circulating CD4+ T-helper cells. This predisposes HIV patients to a variety of opportunistic infections and neoplastic disorders. also lead to defective hematopoiesis and a decrease in cell lineage. Haematological parameters including red blood cells, white blood cells, platelet and hemoglobin are widely used clinical indicators of health and disease.
Aim: The aim of this study was to assess haematological parameters in HIV patients attending Kabutare District hospital.
Methodology: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted to assess haematological parameters in HIV patients attending Kabutare District hospital. Venous blood sample were collected for complete blood count which was determined using sysmex 500i machine automation analyser. 
Results: A total of 80 HIV infected patient participated. 7.5% of the study participants were proven to have white blood cells below the normal range as it was below 4.26.25% of patients were found below the normal range of red blood cells. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels of 35% patients were found to below their normal ranges. 10% of patient were found to have low platelet and 23.5% were found to have low levels of lymphocytes. Association between CD4 counts and hemoglobin levels was significant with p value of 0.000 as it is less than confidence level of 0.05.
Conclusion: This study concluded that haematological parameters are affected by HIV infection and there is association between CD4 counts and hemoglobin concentration levels. I would recommend health practioners to also consider complete blood count as prognostic test of HIV as it is clinical health indicator and diseases. 
Keywords: Haematological parameters, Human Immunodeficiency virus, CD4 counts, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Evaluation of Antidepressant Like Activity of Extract of Boerhavia diffusa in Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Yadav Shailja , Malaiya Saumya , Jain Harshita , Shrivastava Arpit
Published: July 2024

Depression often known as depressive disorder is described by a persistent lack of enjoyment, enthusiasm in pursuits, or melancholy feelings. Depression is not the same as normal mood swings and feelings about day-to-day living. It could affect every aspect of life, including relationships with friends, family, and the community. It could be brought on by or exacerbated by problems at work or in the classroom. This study aims to evaluate antidepressant like activity of ethanolic extract of roots of Boerhavia diffusa (Nyctaginaceae).  control and cure of this diseases, a vast variety of medications are used daily. The herbal drugs are biodegradable and are natural medications hence are becoming more and more popular. Using a Soxhlet equipment and a normal extraction procedure, the ethanolic extract was produced. The mice were administered several dosages of the extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) in addition to the vehicle (normal saline) for the control group & ARS (Acute Restraint Stress) Group and fluoxetine as the conventional medication. The mice were subjected to ARS and were treated with ethanolic extract of Boerhavia diffusa at a dose of 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg respectively. After that they were subjected to animal models, the tail suspension test (TST), force suspension test (FST) to assess the antidepressant potential and open field test (OFT), to assess locomotor & antidepressant potential of administered drug The TST revealed prolonged immobility in the BDEE (Boerhavia diffusa ethanolic extract) treated animals. The crossing over of squares activity in the OFT rose, indicating a decline in depression levels. The mice's FST revealed a decrease in their ability to reach the plateau stage following immobility. According to the study, BDEE demonstrates strong antidepressant effect and offer a natural alternative to pharmaceutical treatment for depression disorders. In futuristic study, further investigation is required to identify certain active molecules and have a deeper comprehension of the underlying processes of action.
Keywords: Antidepressant activity, Boerhavia diffusa, Tail suspension test, Forced swim test, Open field test, Traditional medicine
Development of a Validated RP-HPLC/UV Method for the Quantitative Determination of Tyrosine Kinase RET Inhibitor: Selpercatinib in Capsule Formulation
Authors: Ramya Paka , Srinivas Medidi , Udaya Kumari Bula
Published: July 2024

A validated RP-HPLC/UV method was developed to estimate the selpercatinib in capsules. The wavelength chosen for detection was at 248 nm. The RP-HPLC separation was carried out using a Hypersil ODS C18 column (250×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of 0.2% TFA (pH 6.5) and acetonitrile in a ratio of 70:30 v/v. The flow rate was set at 1 ml/min. The retention time for selpercatinib was determined to be 3.012 min.  Linearity was detected within the concentration range of 2.5-15 μg/mL for selpercatinib. The approach has been confirmed to be linear, accurate, precise, robust, and has established limits of detection and quantitation. The established procedure was uncomplicated, cost-effective, and suitable for the routine analysis of selpercatinib in capsule dosage form.
Keywords: Selpercatinib, RP-HPLC and Validation.
“On the importance of education…it is as necessary as the light—it should be as common as water, and as free as air… ”: Perpetuating Racial Discrimination through Education in Nineteenth Century Windsor and Sandwich
Authors: Knapp Jessica
Published: July 2024

None provided
“The black dog that worries you at home”: The Black Dog Motif in Modern English Folklore and Literary Culture
Authors: Quaile Sheilagh
Published: July 2024

Sheilagh Quaile is from Rockwood, Ontario. She is currently completing her Honours BA at the University of Guelph in History, with minors in Art History and Studio Art. Her undergraduate work has focused on British and Irish history and art during both the medieval and modern periods, and she plans to continue her studies in Art History at the graduate level.