bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consensus on the principles of physical development monitoring in children, possible or not?
Authors:   Laboratory of Anthropology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland, Świąder-Leśniak Anna , Majcher Anna ,   Department of Paediatrics and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland, Pyrżak Beata ,   Department of Paediatrics and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland, Dziechciarz Piotr ,   Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
Published: December 2020

Regular, long-term anthropometric follow-up is one of the fundamental methods of assessing the child’s health and well-being. However, there is still a lot of inconsistency in anthropometric practices and standards that may have a negative impact on clinical practice (e.g. delay in diagnosing children with growth or feeding disorders, genetic and metabolic syndromes). The paper discusses the principles of basic measurements: length/height, body weight, circumferences: head, chest and arm. Attention was also paid to the use of professional anthropometric equipment. Appropriately performed measurements allow the calculation of weight-height indices, which define nutrition disturbances (overweight, obesity and malnutrition), and also constitute the basis for conducting specialised diagnostics. In 2011, a group of experts recommended standards of body length/height, body weight, head circumference and body mass index developed by the World Health Organization for children up to 5 years of age. In 2013, nationwide reference values for weight, height and body mass index for children aged from 3 to 6 years were published and accepted as valid (OLA project). They complemented previously developed percentile charts for children aged 7–18 years (OLAF project). The paper proposes to adopt uniform standards of anthropometric measurements and to initiate a discussion in the paediatric community on the acceptance of common growth charts for the basic anthropometric measurements.
Assessment of heart rate variability parameters in the age subgroups of patients with arterial hypertension
Authors:   Department of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Maciorowska Małgorzata , Krzesiński Paweł ,   Department of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Gielerak Grzegorz ,   Department of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Wierzbowski Robert ,   Department of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
Published: December 2020

Age is one of the main known risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The ageing of the body and arterial hypertension are associated with progressive dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, which may be one of the mechanisms underlying an increased cardiovascular risk. The aim of the paper was to assess heart rate variability parameters in the age subgroups of patients with arterial hypertension. The heart rate variability parameters were compared in a total of 139 patients with untreated arterial hypertension (mean age 45.2 ± 10.5 years, men – 69% of the study group) in the following subgroups distinguished by age: ≥45 years (n = 72) and <45 years (n = 67). A temporal analysis of the heart rate variability parameters in 24-hour Holter ECG (SDNN, rMSSD, pNN50) was conducted for 24 hours, and for the day and night periods. In addition, a spectral analysis (LF, HF, TP, LF/HF ratio) was performed. The recorded values of SDNN, rMSSD, pNN50, TP as well as night-time HF were lower in the group of patients aged ≥45 years compared to the younger group. The results confirm that in patients with arterial hypertension older age is associated with a shift of the autonomic balance towards sympathetic activity, which may translate into an additional increase in cardiovascular risk.
Spontaneous recovery from uncomplicated acute appendicitis
Authors:   Department of Paediatric Surgery and Urology, The Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 6 of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, John Paul II Upper Silesian Child Health Centre, Katowice, Poland, Tobor Szymon , Kudela Grzegorz ,   Department of Paediatric Surgery and Urology, The Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 6 of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, John Paul II Upper Silesian Child Health Centre, Katowice, Poland, Korecka Klaudia ,   Department of Paediatric Surgery and Urology, The Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 6 of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, John Paul II Upper Silesian Child Health Centre, Katowice, Poland, Koszutski Tomasz ,   Department of Paediatric Surgery and Urology, The Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 6 of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, John Paul II Upper Silesian Child Health Centre, Katowice, Poland, Hyla-Klekot Lidia ,   Department of Paediatric Surgery and Urology, The Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 6 of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, John Paul II Upper Silesian Child Health Centre, Katowice, Poland
Published: December 2020

Background: Historically, acute appendicitis requires surgical treatment. In recent years, there has been an increased interest in treating uncomplicated cases in a conservative way. The development in radiological and laboratory diagnosis has allowed for better possibilities of identification and watchful waiting of simple appendicitis. Objectives: The aim of the study was a retrospective evaluation of the efficacy of conservative treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis in children diagnosed based on clinical, laboratory and sonographic signs. Materials and methods: The diagnosis of uncomplicated acute appendicitis was based on the clinical signs, laboratory tests and ultrasound findings. Two clinical criteria, one laboratory criterion and two sonographic criteria, were assumed as a clear diagnosis of appendicitis. the retrospective assessment was conducted among 382 children who were hospitalised for suspected appendicitis. In those we identified a group of 66 children who met the criteria of acute appendicitis. The efficacy of conservative treatment in patients who met the criteria mentioned above was evaluated. Results: Within the period of at least one year, 89.4% of patients (59/66) were not re-hospitalised for recurrent symptoms. Eventually, 92.4% of patients (61/66) included in the study did not require surgical treatment. Conclusion: Uncomplicated acute appendicitis should be initially treated conservatively with watchful waiting. The vast majority of uncomplicated appendicitis cases can resolve spontaneously.
Role of hyperprolactinemia in the genesis of the premature telarhe and its correction in girls during the first five years of life
Authors:   The family resource center MI Dnipropetrovsk regional perinatal center with a hospital DRC, Ukraine, Maltseva O.I.
Published: December 2020

The family resource center MI «Dnipropetrovsk regional perinatal center with a hospital» DRC Isolated telarhe in girls of 1–5 years, often caused by increased levels of prolactin (PL), which plays an important role in the development of the female reproductive function (in general), and in mammohenezis (in particular). The aim of the study: to study the effectiveness of a drug Cyclodynon® on girls with an incomplete form of precocious puberty by the isosexual type – isolated telarhe on the base of increased levels of PL. Materials and methods. In the regional center of family planning on the basis of SI «Dnipropetrovsk regional perinatal center with a hospital» DRH survey was conducted in 30 girls aged from 1 to 5 years with premature isolated telarhe (PIT). Girls with isolated telarhe and a high level of PL were prescribed the drug, Cyclodynon® depending on the age and level of PL in serum at a dose from 1/8 of pill to 1 tablet (from 5 drops to 40 drops) in the morning on an empty stomach 1 time per day (guidelines of the Institute of health protection of children and adolescents of NAMS of Ukraine). Results. In the study to include 30 girls with isolated telarhe noted a steady increase of PL (up to 680 mIU/l for normal values 110-560 mIU/l) at relatively normal levels of gonadotropins and estradiol. Use of the drug of special extract of Vitex Agnus Castus – Cyclodynon® led to a gradual, within 3 months, reduce of prolactin levels to the normal range of 680 to 396 mIU/L. Reducing of prolactin levels correlated with regression of clinical signs of telarhe. No side effects or undesirable Cyclodynon® application within 3 months is not noted. Conclusion. A standardized herbal medicinal product Cyclodynon® with dopaminergic effect contributing to the normalization of PL for the treatment of girls with incomplete form of precocious puberty in isosexual type – isolated telarhe on the base of increased level of PL, is an effective and pathogenetically justified. This is confirmed by the results of clinical and hormonal reaserches. Key words: isolated telarhe, prolactin, Cyclodynon®.
Subclinical hyperthyroidism: diagnostic criteria and principles of treatment (Review of European Thyroid Association guidelines «Diagnosis and Treatment of endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism», 2015)
Authors:   Medical laboratory Synevo, Kyiv, Ukraine, Galitskaya V.V.
Published: December 2020

This article presents the European Thyroid Association guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of subclinical hyperthyroidism, 2015. Determination of thyroid-stimulating hormone levels can help to diagnose a variety of pathological conditions: disorders of sexual development, amenorrhea (primary or secondary), infertility, miscarriage, which require specific treatment after detection of hormonal status disorders (subclinical, overt), taking into account the patient’s age. Diagnosis of endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism is based solely on the results of laboratory tests, not clinical criteria. Endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism is defined by the presence of sub-normal levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone with normal levels of free thyroxine, total triiodothyronine, and/or free triiodothyronine. There are two categories of endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism: Class 1 – the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone is 0.1–0.39 mIU/l; class 2 – the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone is < 0.1 mIU/l. The levels of free thyroxine and free triiodothyronine, as a rule, are medium-high value at a subclinical level of thyroid hormone and can help differentiate between endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism from overt hyperthyroidism. Recommended to study the thyroid-stimulating hormone level as the first test for the diagnosis of subclinical hyperthyroidism. In identifying low levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone it is necessary to investigate the level of free thyroxine, free and bound triiodothyronine. Patients with primary sub-normal levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone with concentration of thyroid hormones in the upper limit or in normal range should be evaluated within 2-3 months. It is recommended to perform scintigraphy and possible 24-hour test the absorption of radioactive iodine if in patient with 2nd degree endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism there is nodular goiter to determine treatment strategy. Ultrasonography with color Doppler can be informative in patients with endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism and nodular goiter. Determining the level of antibodies to thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors can confirm the etiology of autoimmune-induced hyperthyroidism. Key words: thyroid, thyroid stimulating hormone, hyperthyroidism, thyrotoxicosis, subclinical hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease, toxic multinodular goiter.
Optimisation for physicians continuous professional development
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Sherbinska O.S.
Published: December 2020

This publication contains information about basic methods of active teaching in the frameworks of physicians’ continuous professional development and the ways of doctors involving the trainees. Key word: methods of acting teaching, continuous prof essional development, teachingstile.
Levels interleukine-4 and interleukin-17 (IL-4, IL-17) of blood in patients with habitual recurrent pregnancy loss, which occurred in a loop in vitro fertilization
Authors:   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine, Golovatyuk K.P.
Published: December 2020

The objective: was to investigate the levels of cytokines IL-4 and IL-17 in serum and conditioned medium cultures of blood mononuclear cells (MNC) and evaluation association between their products and miscarriage, which occurred in IVF cycles. Patients and methods. We observed 240 patients with recurrent miscarriage, came in IVF cycles, and 100 apparently healthy fertile women in the control group. The concentrations of IL-4 and IL-17 in serum and conditioned medium of MNC cultures were determined. Results. The levels of IL-4 in the serum and conditioned medium in spontaneous and stimulated mitogen secretion was not significantly different from those in the control group, whereas IL-17 levels were higher than those in the control group serum, in conditioned media of stimulated and non-stimulated MNCs. Conclusion. Disregulation of activity of circulating blood mononuclear cells in women with recurrent miscarriage that followed IVF, is accompanied by increased secretion of IL-17 and almost constant production of IL-4 on the back of high stimulation index of production of these cytokines. Key words: in vitro fertilization, miscarriage, interleukin-4, interleukin-17, serum stimulated and non-stimulated mononuclear blood.
Anamnestic factors that shape reproductive health of women with repeated unsuccessful popygamy in vitro fertilization
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Cotsabin N.V. , Makarchuk O.M. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The proportion of patients with multiple unsuccessful attempts of assisted reproductive technology (ART) is about 30% of all patients treated with the use of ART. Women with history of unsuccessful ART attempts - a special category of patients who require emergency attention and a thorough examination at the stage of preparation for superovulation stimulation,the selection of embryos and endometrium preparation for embryo transfer. The objective: to distinguish high-risk group of unsuccessful attempts based on a detailed analysis of anamnestic and clinical data of infertile women with repeated unsuccessful ART attempts that requires more in-depth study of hormonal features, ovarian reserve and condition of the endometrium. Materials and methods. For better understanding of the problem of repeated unsuccessful ART attempts and сreation of efficient infertility treatment algorithms for these couples we conducted a thorough analysis of anamnestic data of three groups of infertile women (105 patients), which were distributed by age: group I – younger than 35, the II group – from 35 to 40, the III group - over 40 years. These groups of patients were compared with each other and with the control group of healthy women (30 persons). Results. Leading stress factors in the percentage three times prevailed in the group of infertile women and had a direct connection with the fact of procedure «fertilization in vitro» and chronic stressors caused by prolonged infertility. Primary infertility was observed significantly more frequent in patients younger than 35 years (p <0.05), secondary infertility - mostly in the second and third experimental groups (p <0.05). Noteworthy significant percentage of wellknown causes of infertility and idiopathic factor in all groups, and the prevalence of tubal-peritoneal factor in the second and third experimental groups, and endocrine dysfunction in the I experimental group. The most common disorder among this category of woman was polycystic ovary syndrome. Frequency of usual miscarriage among patients of I ana II groups was two times higher than in the third group (p <0.05). Among the experimental groups the leading place belongs urinary tract infection, respiratory tract diseases, pathologies of the cardiovascular system. Data of the stratified analysis show an increase likelihood of repeated unsuccessful ART attempts under the influence of constant chronic stress (odds ratio OR=2.06; 95% CI: 0.95–3.17; p<0.05). Conclusions. Among infertile patients with repeated unsuccessful ART attempts must be separated a high risk group of failures. The identity depends on the duration of infertility, female age and leading combination of factors. Key words: repeated unsuccessful ART attempts, anamnesis, infertility, high risk.
Therapy optimization dysplastic HPV-associated processes
Authors:   Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ukraine, Bobrytska V.V.
Published: December 2020

The objective: to determine the level of risk of developing clinical forms of papilloma virus infection (PVI) and possible ways of treatment and prevention of dysplastic diseases caused by human papilloma virus (HPV). Patients and methods. The study included 90 patients with diagnosed of oncogenic strains of HPV 16-68 (using the method of genotyping). The patients were divided into 3 groups in accordance with treatment aimed at the pathogenetic mechanisms of development of PVI and with the aim of reducing viral load, clinical manifestations and possible elimination of HPV. The first (I) group - 30 people - were given an injection of a-interferon 2b 3 mln per day, 10 injections; course dose - 30 mln. The course repeated in case of positive results of HPV (pre-selected strains) according to the same scheme or at intervals of 1-2 days; course dose - 30 mln. Second (II) group - 30 people - received indole-3-carbinol with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (I3C+EGCG) - a drug Epigalin® in the dose of 400 mg I3C and 90 mg EGCG (2 capsules per day). The course of taking in Epigalin® continued 6 months. The control group included patients in the amount of 30 people who did not receive specific oncoprotective immunomodulatory therapy. Results. As a result of the therapy after 3 months in group I patients who had received a-interferon-2b, elimination of HPV was observed in 76.2% of cases; in group II, treated with Epigalin® – in 86.4% of cases and in the control group not receiving additional metabolic therapy in 24% of cases. After 6 months in group I elimination of HPV was 92.6%, in group II it was 95.8%, which also shows better results of the effectiveness of interventions using I3C+EGCG – Epigalin®. Among patients treated in the period of rehabilitation after diathermocoagulation (DEC) drug Revitaxa (hyaluronic acid, tea tree, calendula, aloe vera, centella), epithelialization occurred on 7-10 days earlier, and without rough scar deformation. Conclusion. The use of metabolic immune replacement therapy of papillomavirus infection shows better results than the isolated use of electrosurgical (radio wave) treatment of dysplasia. The drug Epigalin® (a combination of 400 mg I3C and 90 mg EGCG) is an effective oncoprotective, normalizing the balance of estrogen with the drug, contributing to the elimination of HPV. The combination of the drug Epigalin® with a comprehensive reparative and antiseptic drug Revitaxa (suppositories) is optimal in cases of surgical treatment of lesions caused by HPV. Key words: human papilloma virus, elimination, interferon, Epigalin®, Revitaxa.
The importance and significance of gene polymorphisms in preeclampsia
Authors:   The Inter-provincial center of medical genetics and prenatal diagnosis, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, Veropotvelyan P.N. , Tsehmistrenko I.S. ,   Perinatal Center of Kyiv, Ukraine, Veropotvelyan N.P. ,   The Inter-provincial center of medical genetics and prenatal diagnosis, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, Rusak N.S. ,   The Inter-provincial center of medical genetics and prenatal diagnosis, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, Pivnev M.S. ,   Kryvyi Rih City Hospital No.1, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Was to conduct a systematic review of data on the relationship between polymorphisms genes of detoxification system and development of preeclampsia (РЕ). Рresents the main genes of detoxification system (GSTPI, GSTМI, GSTТI, GРХI, ЕРНХI, SOD-2, SOD-3, CYPIAL, MTHЕR, MTR) and their functions. Of interest is the possibility of calculating the individual risk of PE based on the results about the presence of a combination of different polymorphisms in the genotype of the female. Question about early diagnosis of РЕ remains controversial and not fully understood. It is necessary to conduct further in-depth, extended study of this problem. Key words: preeclampsia, oxidative stress, genes of the detoxification system.
Morphological classification of lesions of the placenta
Authors:   The Inter-provincial center of medical genetics and prenatal diagnosis, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, Veropotvelyan N.P. , Veropotvelyan P.N. ,   The Inter-provincial center of medical genetics and prenatal diagnosis, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, Tsehmistrenko I.S. ,   Perinatal Center of Kyiv, Ukraine, Bondarenko A.A. ,   The Inter-provincial center of medical genetics and prenatal diagnosis, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, Usenko T.V. ,   MI Dnipropetrovsk regional pathoanatomical Bureau, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The article reviews the current morphological classification developed Amsterdamska a group of scientists that provides the adoption of a consensus on the definition and characteristics of the main lesions of the placenta to determine their clinical significance and the development of targeted effects of egocasting pathology of the placenta, discovered during prenatal ultrasound. The conducted research allows to optimize not only diagnostic but also therapeutic tactics in pregnant women at high risk and to predict the further development birth and the birth of a healthy child. Key words: placenta, classification, complications of pregnancy, damage.
Clinical and sonological features in endometriomas in women of reproductive age
Authors:   SI Zaporizhia Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Shapoval О.
Published: December 2020

The objective: to study the prevalence of ovarian endometriosis in women of reproductive age, the features of clinical and ultrasound picture of endometriosis. Patients and methods. The study involved 22 patients with endometriomas, the control group – 50 women gynecological and somatically healthy. Results. The incidence of ovarian endometriomas in the structure of benign tumor-like formations of ovaries is 0.62%. In 72.73% of ovarian endometriomas occur on a background of concomitant gynecological pathology. Clinically, in 77.27% of cases there is a pain syndrome, in 59.09% – algomenorrhea, in 13.64% – infertility; 18.18% of cases endometriomas remain «dumb» and proceed with the erased clinical picture. Sonologically in patients with endometriomas adenomyosis, endometrial hyperplasia, changes in the contralateral ovary are determined. Conclusion. Without additional methods of diagnostic gynecological examination may identify the 3 cm tumor-like formation of the ovary with different characteristics, which does not allow to differentiate endometrioma from inflammation, functional and ovarian tumors. Ultrasound can diagnose pathological ovarian formation of 1 cm, detailing the nature of the cyst. Key words: endometriosis, reproductive age, retrospective analysis, ultrasound.
Evaluation of treatment of chronic pelvic pain in women with pelvic varicose veins
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Ostafiychuk S.O. , Henyk N.I. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Drohomyretska N.V. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Volosovsky P.R. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The objective: of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) in women with pelvic varicose veins (PVV). Patients and methods. The study involved 62 women of reproductive age with CPP and PVV. Patients have received Normoven («Kyiv Vitamin Factory») in a dose 500 mg 2 times a day per os courses of 14 days each month for six months. To prevent recurrence of pain 30 women were prescribed the same drug prophylactically during 3 months after the basic course with repetition after 3 months. 32 patients did not receive Normoven as an prevention. The control group consisted of 30 healthy women. All women conducted clinical and laboratory examination, ultrasound and Doppler to determine the internal diameter ovaric, uterine, arcuate and internal iliac veins (cm), and the definition of peak systolic velocity of blood flow in the uterine veins (cm/s). Pain was assessed by Pain Assessment Scales. The resulting digital material were treated statistically using the program Microsoft Excel 2000 and Statistica 5.11. Results. We found that most of women were limited their daily activities, half have had sleep disorders, almost half was depressed, emotional lability with frequent changes of mood was observed in 79.0%, and a third of women were in depression. Most women feel cramping, aching and tender of pain of moderate intensity (82.2%). After 6 months of treatment with Normoven we noticed complete reduction of pain in 67.7% of women, in most women improved sleep, mood and normalization of daily activities. One-third of patients remained periodic light intensity pain. There was a significant decrease in pain intensity (p<0.05), which accoding to VAS score was 1.50±1.3 points. Conclusions. Periodic preventive courses of Normoven allowed to prevent recurrence of congestive pelvic syndrome and pelvic pain in 90.0% of patients. Key words: chronic pelvic pain, varicose veins of the pelvis, Normoven.
Removal of chromium from wastewater using paper waste sludge-derived hyrdrochar modified by naoh
Authors: Nguyen Lan Huong , Van Huu Tap , Nguyen Quang Trung , Nguyen Thu Huong , Nguyen Thi Bich Lien , Pham Thi Phuong Thuy , Le Thai Hoang , Bui Manh Ha , Ho Viet The , Tilpo Ordanza Hanna Joy , Ivan Jimenez Marcaida Gio Serafin , Ngo Tra Mai
Published: December 2020

In this work, paper waste sludge (PWS) collected from the primary settling tank of the paper wastewater treatment plant was utilized to generate hydrochar as a low-cost adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The characteristics of paper waste sludge hydrochar (PWSH) and the effects of adsorption conditions of Cr(VI) onto PWSH, including solution pH (3-9), contact time (5-240 min), initial Cr(VI) concentration (10-80 mg/L) and the adsorbent dose of 1 g/L at room temperature (25±2°C) were investigated. Adsorption isotherm and kinetics were also predicted in this work. The results indicate that the maximum adsorption capacity achieved 11.89 mg/g at 120 min of contact time, pH 3, and initial Cr(VI) concentration of 60 mg/L. The adsorption isotherm was reflected the best by the Langmuir model (R2 of 0.9968). Whereas, the adsorption kinetic also indicates that the pseudo-second-order model predicted the best for Cr(VI) adsorption process with a R2 of 0.9469. The mechanism of Cr(VI) adsorption process onto PWSH was chemical sorption through electrostatic interaction and ion exchange.
On some generalized integral transforms and Parseval-Goldstein type relations
Authors: ALBAYRAK Durmuş , DERNEK Nese
Published: December 2020

In the present article, using the generalized Bessel-Maitland transform, the Laplace transform and the other known transforms, authors obtain new Parseval-Goldstein type relations. Using these relations, some generalized integrals involving Fox-Wright functions are evaluated. Illustrative examples are also given.
A Randomized Trial of Strategies Using Darbepoetin Alfa To Avoid Transfusions in CKD
Authors: Toto Robert , Petersen Jeffrey , Berns Jeffrey S. , Lewis Eldrin Foster , Tran Qui , Weir Matthew R.
Published: December 2020

Background

Exposure to high doses or a high cumulative dose of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) may contribute to cardiovascular events in patients with CKD and anemia. Whether using a low fixed ESA dose versus dosing based on a hemoglobin-based, titration-dose algorithm in such patients might reduce risks associated with high ESA doses and decrease the cumulative exposure—while reducing the need for red blood cell transfusions—is unknown.

Methods

In this phase-3, randomized trial involving 756 adults with stage-3 to -5 CKD and anemia, we evaluated incidence of red blood cell transfusions for participants randomized to receive darbepoetin given as a fixed dose (0.45 µg/kg every 4 weeks) versus administered according to a hemoglobin-based, titration-dose algorithm, for up to 2 years. Participants received transfusions as deemed necessary by the treating physician.

Results

There were 379 patients randomized to the fixed-dose group, and 377 to the titration-dose group. The percentage of participants transfused did not differ (24.1% and 24.4% for the fixed-dose and titration-dose group, respectively), with similar time to first transfusion. The titration-dose group achieved significantly higher median hemoglobin (9.9 g/dl) compared with the fixed-dose group (9.4 g/dl). The fixed-dose group had a significantly lower median cumulative dose of darbepoetin (median monthly dose of 30.9 µg) compared with the titration-dose group (53.6 µg median monthly dose). The FD and TD group received a median (Q1, Q3) cumulative dose per 4 weeks of darbepoetin of 30.9 (21.8, 40.0) µg and 53.6 (31.1, 89.9) µg, respectively; the median of the difference between treatment groups was −22.1 (95% CI, −26.1 to −18.1) µg.

Conclusions

These findings indicate no evidence of difference in incidence of red blood cell transfusion for a titration-dose strategy versus a fixed-dose strategy for darbepoetin. This suggests that a low fixed dose of darbepoetin may be used as an alternative to a dose-titration approach to minimize transfusions, with less cumulative dosing.
Prison Deprivation in the Infant and Early Childhood: Problem Statement
Authors: Muzychuk Tatiana , Ponomarev Sergey , Burt Albina , Spasennikov Boris
Published: December 2020

The article raises the problem of deprivation in infants and early childhood, whose mothers are in places of confinement. Mother is in a place of confinement under a court sentence. The child is in the place of confinement without being guilty before the society and the state. Frequently, the child is separate from his mother. The mother can visit the child only in her free time, if she has an opportunity and desire for this. The child does not have full communication with the mother, her love. As a result, psychophysical retardation of the childs development is noted. The mother, who is deprived of the opportunity to stay with the child, sometimes commits disciplinary offenses, which ever more restricts her opportunity to stay with the child. In order to protect motherhood and childhood, in the domestic penitentiary system mother-and-child homes are created where joint staying of the mother and the child is made possible. The results of the study testify a positive effect of such practices on the behavior of the convicted mother and the development of the child deprived of liberty.
An Approach to Formation of Ratings for Meat-Processing Companies
Authors: Matusevich Dmitry
Published: December 2020

The article offers an approach to building an integral rating of meat-processing companies. The resulting rating index is made up on the basis of analyzing a companys assets and liabilities, its commercial viability. In the process of asset analysis, the article examines such indicators as the use of the companys fixed assets (as an ability to perform the operational activity), abundance of its resources (as an ability to support the uninterrupted manufacture), availability of funds and companys financial solvency (as an ability to manage the companys finance flows). The companys liabilities are examined in terms of the amount and sufficiency of the own capital, the use of loan funds, as well as the indicators of the loan debt use. The article offers the threshold meanings of the criterial rating indicators for each component, brings forth their shares on the basis of retrospective analysis. The rating calculation is performed in conformity of the open data of the Federal Service of Government Statistics.
Geosocial Structure of Modern Russia
Authors: Vedernikov Alexey , Zimina Ekaterina , Vedernikova Tatyana
Published: December 2020

The article describes the geographical direction in sociology and topicality of modern geosocial investigations. It analyses the concepts «geopolitics» and «geosociology», substantiates the need of identifying geosocial types in modern society. It reveals that the majority of the states in the world are built on the basis of a single geosocial type, while the Russian Federation includes in its borders and its structure several geosocial types, such as: the settled, the settled-forest, the mountainous, the nomadic, the marine, as well as mixed types. It specifies the settled-forest geosocial type to be traditionally dominating in the majority of the Russian regions. It proves that the administrative division of the Russian Federation subjects is often a little artificial, as the same geosocial type, including the ethnos, lives on the territory of different regions and even Federal Districts. The typology obtained will allow further to investigate regularities of ethnos development depending on the geographical environment.
Price Distortions That Arise in Regard of Agricultural and Industrial Products
Authors: Samarukha Viktor , Tyapkina Maria
Published: December 2020

The article analyses the price distortions that arise between industrial enterprises supplying agricultural producers with agricultural products (diesel fuel, fertilizers, agricultural equipment, etc.) and agricultural organizations that use these resources for products manufacture (grain, milk, meat, etc.). The prices for resources are growing faster than the prices for agricultural products manufactured, which leads to withdrawing incomes from the agricultural producers, to using the depreciation fund and to the insignificant profits to maintain the current activities, to accumulating debts to the budget, the extra-budgetary funds and banks. The resulting price distortions reduce the profitability of the agricultural producers and the opportunity to updating the inventory, which leads to aging of the machinery and equipment, to reducing productivity in agriculture, and, consequently, to the lack of conditions for conducting expanded reproduction, for introduction of advanced technologies and innovations.
Investigation of the Nature of the Economic Cluster as a Quasintegration Form of a Spatial Organization of Economic Activity
Authors: Dolgova Antonina
Published: December 2020

The growing global competition, as well as other factors of the changing economic situation are shifting the investors attention from countries as a whole to the territories and regions in which the synergistic effect of the interaction of various-scale enterprises not only increases the individual performance efficiency of each company but develops a significant innovative potential of their integration and creation of new competitive innovative products. Therefore, the rigid centric structures of administrative management with a response only to the price signals cease to respond to the demands of reality and are replaced by a more flexible and integrated model of building links - network interaction. Russian companies are highly interested in the accumulated experience of foreign countries in tooling search for cluster initiatives, their development, including the intra-cluster structure, and their support taking into consideration the whole spectrum of factors that both contribute to and hinder the viability of the cluster. The article presents a brief analysis of the cluster concept development, examines the present-day systems of managing the cluster-network interaction. It offers the author's definition of the cluster.
Current State of the Labor Payroll Management for Diary Farming Workers of Irkutsk Oblast
Authors: Savchenko Inna
Published: December 2020

Providing the countrys population with domestic food products is one of the basic requirements of the Russian Doctrine of Food Security. This problem is particularly acute in terms of the sanctions introduced against Russia. Suspending the food production decline in the agro-industrial complex sectors requires modernization of production, enforcing all production factors, the main component of which is labor. Increasing the volumes of the manufactured products can be made possible in terms of strengthening the workers material incentives and responsibility. This determines the relevance of this study thematically. The article examines the payroll rate of agricultural workers of Irkutsk Oblast, including the diary farming workers. It reveals the advantages of the farms engaged in milk production, processing and sales of the milk. These enterprises have reached a higher level of labor productivity and remuneration and they are able to maintain an expanded reproduction. The article studies the issues of labor payroll management for diary farming workers on the basis of a tariff system. It brings forth day-time six-category tariff rates to pay for workers labor. In order to improve the labor payroll management for diary farming workers, it offers payment for work on the basis of a non-tariff system.
Role of Mass Media in Promoting Banks Corporative Social Responsibility
Authors: Bakhmatova Tatyana , Sambayeva Tsyndyma
Published: December 2020

Despite the fact that the corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an actively studied area of knowledge and in large quantities takes root into activity of large organizations, the degree of its representation in the mass media is very low. The article gives an assessment of the CSR characteristics in general, in the banking sector, in particular. It presents the characteristics and features of formation stages for the banks CSR in Russia. It examiners the advance of Sberbank in mass media as a socially responsible bank, analyses positive and negative references to Sberbank's CSR in the media monitoring system «Medialogia», specifies the most significant informational occasions, reveals the problems in promoting the concept of Sberbank's CSR through the mass media. The level and quality of disclosing information on Sberbanks social responsibility is insufficient, like the insufficiency of public information awareness of the principles of social responsibility and problems of its implementation. The article emphasizes the complexity of the CSR issues in terms of developing the public interest by means of the mass media.
RESISTANCE MECHANISMS TO ACETAMIPRID IN GERMAN COCKROACH BLATTELLA GERMANICA (L.) (BLATTODEA: ECTOBIIDAE)
Authors:   Scientific Research Disinfectology Institute (Moscow, Russia), Eremina O.Yu. , Olifer V.V. ,   Scientific Research Disinfectology Institute (Moscow, Russia), Lopatina Yu.V. ,   Scientific Research Disinfectology Institute (Moscow, Russia); Moscow State University (Moscow, Russia)
Published: December 2020

The spectrum of resistance to various groups of insecticides of several laboratory strains of German cockroach, Blattella germanica, from different geographically remote regions of Russia is presented. Studies have been carried out on the synergistic effects of desynchronized use of piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S, S, Stributylphosphorotrithioate (DEF), diethyl maleate (DEM) and verapamil (Ver) in combination with 5-7 concentrations of acetamiprid to determine possible resistance mechanisms. The studies were performed on three strains (M1, Moscow; OBN, Obninsk; U1, Yekaterinburg) in comparison with the standard laboratory susceptible strain S-NIID. Acetamiprid resistance was reduced using PBO, DEF, and Ver which indicates the involvement of P450 monooxygenases, esterases, and ABC transporters in this phenomenon. DEM turned out to be less effective. Insecticide multi-resistance is widespread in German cockroaches in Russia.
EFFECT OF LARVAE NUTRITION WITH ANTIBIOTICS ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF WAX MOTH GALLERIA MELLONELLA (L.) IN A SERIES OF GENERATIONS
Authors:   Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS (Novosibirsk, Russia), Klementeva T.N. , Artemchenko A.S. ,   Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS (Novosibirsk, Russia), Tyurin M.V. ,   Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS (Novosibirsk, Russia), Kosman E.S. ,   Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS (Novosibirsk, Russia), Kryukova N.A. ,   Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS (Novosibirsk, Russia), Polenogova O.V. ,   Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS (Novosibirsk, Russia), Glupov V.V. ,   Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS (Novosibirsk, Russia)
Published: December 2020

The wax moth (Galleria mellonella; Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) lines have been obtained as a result of the artificial diet with broad-spectrum antibiotic selection. An influence of that diet on the insect’s physiological parameters was examined through several generations. A significant increase in the activity of a number of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants because of artificial diet with antibiotic has been observed in the midgut of the wax moth daughter generations. Observed changes in the midgut enzymes activity and increase of antioxidants level are denote a damage in the gut tissues.
FUNCTIONAL REACTION OF PARASITOIDS IN LOCAL SETTLEMENTS OF THE SOCIAL WASP POLISTES NIMPHA (CHRIST, 1791) IN THE TERRITORY OF THE MESHCHERSKY NATIONAL PARK
Authors:   Meschera National Park (Gus-Khrustalny, Russia), Kosyakova A.Yu. , Lukina A.S. ,   School No. 2097 (Moscow, Russia), Rusina L.Yu. ,   Moscow Zoo, (Moscow, Russia)
Published: December 2020

Ectoparasitoids Latibulus argiolus and Elasmus schmitti were found in 62 nests of Polistes nimpha. P. nimpha colonies nested in the attics of buildings (Meshchersky National Park, Ryazan region). Parasitoids had shown the functional reaction, choosing larger nests, and parasitized there a large number of host larvae.
SPECIES SPECIFICITY OF HETEROCHROMATIN BLOCK DISTRIBUTION AND rDNA LOCALIZATION IN MITOTIC CHROMOSOMES OF MOSQUITOES SPECIES AEDES EXCRUCIANS, AE. BEHNINGI AND AE. PUNCTOR
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Alekseeva S.S. , Andreeva Yu.V. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Wasserlauf I.E. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Sibataev A.K. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Stegniy V.N. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation)
Published: December 2020

A karyotypic analysis of three mosquito species Aedes excrucians, Ae. behningi and Ae. punctor (Diptera: Culicidae). Differences in the lengths of chromosomes, the distribution of C- and DAPI blocks of heterochromatin, and the localization of rDNA genes on chromosomes were revealed. Aedes excrucians has the largest chromosome length among the three species represented. Ae. punctor differs in the localization of rDNA on the second chromosome, while in Aedes excrucians and Ae. behningi, rDNA genes are located on chromosome 1. All three species have different C-banding and species-specific localization of heterochromatin DAPI blocks. Consequently, chromosome analysis can serve as an additional mechanism for species identification of mosquitoes of the genus Aedes.
BRADYBAENA FRUTICUM (MULL) AS A MODEL OBJECT FOR STUDYING FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED ASPECTS OF INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY
Authors:   Museum of Geosciences, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Moscow, Russia), Makeeva V.M. , Alazneli I.D. ,   Biological Faculty, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Moscow, Russia), Smurov A.V. ,   Museum of Geosciences, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Moscow, Russia)
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the advantages of the Bush snail (Bradybaena fruticum (Mull.) as a model object for conducting complex evolutionary population studies of practical conservation significans.
PHYLOGENETIC LINE OF ICHNEUMONID FLIES OF THE PHERHOMBINAE-TOWNESITINAE-HYMBRIZONINAE (HYMENOPTERA, ICHNEUMONIDAE) SUBFAMILIES IN THE BALTIC AMBER
Authors:   Kaliningad Amber museum (Kaliningrad, Russia), Manukyan A.R. , Smirnova A.V. ,   Kaliningad Amber museum (Kaliningrad, Russia)
Published: December 2020

It was established that the group of Pherhombiane, Townesitinae and Hybrizoniane subfamilies (Hymenoptera Ichneumonidae) from the Eocene Baltic amber is the solid, dead-end and mainly extinct evolution line of ichneumonids.
GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF SNAILS SUCCINEA PUTRIS (GASTROPODA, PULMONATA)
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University (St. Petersburg, Russia), Prokhorova E.E. , Usmanova R.R. ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University (St. Petersburg, Russia)
Published: December 2020

Genotypic diversity of snails Succinea putris L. (Linnaeus, 1758) collected in the north-west of Russia and in the Republic of Belarus was analysed. Homology between the nucleotide sequences of snails from different population made up 100% by the nucleotide sequence of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of rDNA. Genetic variability based on mitochondrial markers was insignificant. Average genetic distances between samples made up 0,009 for СOI gene loci and 0.008 for CytB gene loci. Was found ten haplotypes of the mitochondrial gene CytB and nine haplotypes of the mitochondrial gene СOI. Perhaps the genetic homogeneity of snails S. putris found in the study explains a low variability of their parasites, trematodes from the genus Leucochloridium.
FORMATION OF LOCAL SETTLEMENTS BY FOUNDERS OF THE POLYSTES WASPS OF DIFFERENT MORPHOTYPES
Authors:   Moscow Zoo (Moscow, Russia), Rusina L.Yu. , Kosyakova A.Yu. ,   Meschera National Park (Gus-Khrustalny, Russia)
Published: December 2020

In 2003–2013 and in 2019, an analysis of the relationship between phenotypic variability and the behavior of overwintered foundresses of 4 Palearctic Polistes wasp species from 12 local settlements was performed. It is shown that the structure and organization of melanin patterns of foundresses and their behavior in spring depend on the biocenotic environment of the colonies in which they were raised the previous summer, as well as on the weather conditions of wintering and nesting period. The system of polymorphism in primitive eusocial wasps, which is involved in providing population adaptations, in particular, nesting strategies, is discussed.
NEW SPECIES OF ANTS (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) IN THE FAUNA OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Institute of Zoology, Academy of Sciences RUZ (Uzbekistan), Akhmedov A.G.
Published: December 2020

A study of the fauna of ants of Uzbekistan revealed new species for the region. Previously, these species were known only from neighboring states. A subspecies of Messor incorruptus karakattinus, new to science, was also identified. The article gives a brief description of the species found.
LED TRAP FOR MONITORING OF HARMFUL LEPIDOPTERA: THE RESULTS OF TRIALS IN KRASNODAR AREA, THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER AS AN EXAMPLE
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection (St. Petersburg), Frolov A.N. , Grushevaya I.V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection (St. Petersburg), Kononchuk A.G. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection (St. Petersburg), Malysh S.M. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection (St. Petersburg), Miltsyn A.A. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection (St. Petersburg)
Published: December 2020

The number of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis adults caught per one LED trap exceeded 3.7 to 12.1 times the number of males caught by set of three pheromone traps supplied with pheromones of Z, E and ZE O. nubilalis races. Although LED and pheromone traps registered the beginning of the ECB flight in the same date, the peak of moth catching by LED traps was strongly displaced by the beginning of flying period, for a week preceding the beginning of oviposition by females as well as the peak of male catch by pheromone traps was noted a week later after achievement of a maximum of egg-laying activity by females.