bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate Change and Land Management
Authors: Stričević Ružica , Predić Tihomir , Marković Mihajlo
Published: April 2024

The essential resources for the survival of the living world are air, water and land. By its essence land is the only non-renewable natural resource, with a potentially rapid rate of degradation and a very slow process of formation and regeneration. Water and land are resources, characterized by climate, so climate variability inevitably affects the processes in the land and its use, whose testimonies today we could find through the fossil lands. Processes affecting the lands are intensified in the last few decades around the world, such as erosion, water logging, drought, fire, loss of organic matter and the like, are associated with climate change and are visible on the territory of Republika Srpska. The basic task of humans today is to use the land rationally and to preserve it for new generations. On the basis of available measured data and climate models in the future, the following conclusions came out: land use would not be significantly impaired, nor would crop production be endangered; favorable climatic conditions would continue to prevail for the production of corn, wheat, and potatoes, with increased year-on-year variations by the end of the century; due to earlier sowing, water logging would be pronounced; regular maintenance of existing drainage systems should be fully in function, and new ones to be built in geopardize places; for the new, highly intensive orchard establishments and vegetable production, irrigation system should be designed and built; comprehensive solutions of existing erosion processes and prevention of occurrence of new ones should be envisaged, because in future climatic conditions, dry periods of higher intensity might occur, followed by strong rainstorms could cause permanent soil loss due to dried vegetation prone to erosion; considering that the soils of Republika Srpska are very poor in humus, i.e. organic carbon, it is necessary to apply agrotechnical measures to increase the intake of organic matter. Intentional burning of crop residues must be severely punished. Continuous monitoring of soil fertility on georeferenced locations is indispensable (pH, macroelements (NPK), content of organic matter, water-physical properties of soil) for better data comparison and observation of the direction of impact, whether positive or negative, in order to plan and take timely adaptation measures, ensuring proper and sustainable land use and climate change mitigation.
Water quality and protection
Authors: Stojanović Bjelić Ljiljana , Nešković Markić Dragana , Pržulj Novo , Ilić Predrag
Published: April 2024

Water is a unique and irreplaceable natural resource of limited quantities and uneven spatial and temporal distribution. All life forms and all human activities are more or less related to water, clearly showing the importance of the relationship with water. It is a necessary resource in households as drinking water, washing and food preparation, in agriculture for irrigation, and in industry it plays an important role in almost all industrial processes. Economic development and urbanization lead, on the one hand, to a large increase in water demand, and on the other hand to the threat to water resources and the aquatic environment. Water can thus become a limiting factor in development, a threat to human health and the sustainability of natural ecosystems. Until recently, there was a centuriesold illusion of water inexhaustibility, and the concept of minimum investments for the purification of used water and water protection in general appeared. Much of the water used is not purified before it is discharged into watercourses and thus pollutes the water mass and reduces the resources of drinking water. Providing enough drinking water is one of the world's most important issues today. Therefore, it is especially important for every society to balance these relations and devise policies and strategies for the regulation, exploitation and protection of water resources.
Revolutionizing the Major Threat Challenges in Pharmaceutical Industries by Monitoring Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Systems
Authors: Tamilselvan Natarajan , Umamaheswari Appavoo , Lakshmana Prabu Sakthivel
Published: April 2024

The environmental as well as personal individuals are mainly influenced by the air ventilation. In pharmaceutical industry the efficacy of substances including raw materials, in-process ingredients, finished products and machineries in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry is mainly influenced by the air ventilation quality in interior area of the industry. Heating, ventilation and airconditioning system plays a vital role in ensuring the quality pharmaceutical drug substances as well as drug products. It also protects the pharmaceutical products from contamination and cross contamination from various contaminants like dust or dirt particles and environmental other microorganisms. HVAC system design impacts the architectural design layout of the building as these sequentially have an influence on the room pressure, pressure cascades, pressure differentials, contamination and cross-contamination control. So, the design of the system must be considered carefully at the primary design period of the pharmaceutical industrial plant.It also controls a variety of operating functions which are involved in regulating the acceptance criteria, quality assurance, validation and qualification of the building facility, operational documents and the documentation for maintenance. These protocols are mainly followed and performed for new equipment’s, utilities, premises and systems, at periodic intermissions, as soon as major variations have been completed. This chapter provides insight into the superlative necessities of HVAC system on the environmental protection in pharmaceutical industries and also about the role of it in manufacturing of drug substances and products in the production unit of the industrial plant. In addition, it summarizes existing information about the validation, qualification, maintenance, risk assessment and also highlights about the automation of HVAC system in the pharmaceutical industries.
Application of Nanotechnology in Environmental Protection
Authors: Stević Dragana , Sukur Sunčica , Gotovac Atlagić Suzana
Published: April 2024

Numerous applications of nanochemistry and nanotechnology in electronics, medicine, catalysis, and environmental protection have become popular scientific disciplines in the last decades. Besides the presence of nanomaterials in pharmaceutical products, textiles, food, and packaging, or its applications in the catalysis of traditional organic synthesis at high efficiency, the relationship between nanoscience and environmental protection stands out. This relationship has two aspects. One aspect shows numerous possibilities of nanomaterials applications in drinking water treatment, wastewater treatment, gas emissions, and acceleration of anaerobic digestion in biogas production processes from organic waste, together with others. Another aspect is the production of nanomaterials from waste and its contribution to the valorization and elimination of waste that can significantly contribute to the environment. This chapter will show the tendency of nanochemistry and nanotechnology applications in sensors, catalytic degradations of pollutants, adsorption and filtration, and production of nanomaterials from industrial waste and the potential risks of nanomaterials.
Status and prospects of agricultural cooperative development
Authors: Rokvić Knežić Gordana , Mirjanić Stevo , Gunić Adrijan
Published: April 2024

Cooperatives in the Republika Srpska are in a position to face the consequences of development from the previous period, the consequences of the war and the creation of a new concept of cooperative development, starting primarily from changes in the legal, economic and political system of the country. There are two phenomena or two directions of development of cooperatives. First is the direction of development of newly established cooperatives that have fully or at least partially harmonized their operations with cooperative principles and legal framework and have a sound business and market policy. The other direction of stagnation and undevelopment refers to the still present so-called old cooperatives that have not adjusted their operations to the new legal framework or new market circumstances, and are very often burdened with lawsuits, within which significant cooperative and state property has been blocked. The experience of developed countries proves that cooperatives are one of the irreplaceable segments of agricultural and rural development and a very suitable form for free and voluntary association of producers. The role of cooperatives in the future is to influence the reduction of social and economic divisions and to direct the whole process in a fairer way. It could be said that cooperatives, from the point of view of their principles, represent irreplaceable forms of organizing people. They, in fact, by their structure and specifics, carry the keys to their own success. The parameters of cooperative adequacy are different, and the following stand out: priority of cooperative membership; diversity of cooperatives; strengthening the power of the people; careful resource management; creating financial power; strategic thinking. Cooperative membership must be the center of attention.
Peace Building in Bosnia and Herzegovina - Problems and Dilemmas
Authors: Simović Miodrag , Adžajlić-Dedović Azra
Published: April 2024

Soldiers and civilian victims of war in Bosnia and Herzegovina have been living in peace more than 25 years, unlike irresponsible political leaders for whom “war-mongering rhetorics” is the most important mechanism for achieving electoral victories. In addition to inciting “new wars”,”separatism” and “denial of war crimes” through hate speech, by spreading “false news” and “untruths” in public space through the media. Irresponsible policies “intimidating their people”, produce a society of fear and prevent building of lasting peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina through development of democracy and the rule of law. In addition, by acting in this way, with the help of corruption, irresponsible policies produce “legal anarchy” and “undermine the rule of law”. In this paper the authors intend to present some ways of endangering peace and the rule of law in Bosnia and Herzegovina. They argue that post-War peacebuilding in Bosnia and Herzegovina relies on a wide array of international actors with diverse interests and mandates which are not necessarily aligned with local realities or needs.
Zavarivanje trenjem sa miješanjem - razvoj i primjena
Authors: Šibalić N. , Vukčević M. , Mumović M.
Published: April 2024

Rad se odnosi na prikaz postupka Zavarivanja trenjem sa miješanjem (Friction Stir Welding), zatim daje kratku istoriju razvoja, primjenu u industriji, usvojenu terminologiju postupka, kao i pregled izabranih istraživanja. Suština procesa je zavarivanje u čvrstom stanju, gdje je izbjegnuto topljenje materijala, što postupak FSW svrstava u ekološki čiste i energetski efikasne postupke, sa izuzetno dobrim i pouzdanim karakteristikama zavarenog spoja. Velika prednost je u spajanju teško zavarivih istorodnih i raznorodnih materijala, korišćenjem rotirajućeg alata, uz generisanje toplote, tako da se materijal zagrijava, plastično deformiše i spaja u toplom stanju. Najveća primjena je kod zavarivanja sučeonih spojeva lima od legure aluminijuma u jednom prolazu debljine od 0.3 mm do 75 mm. U radu je dat i pregled jednog broja istraživanja postupka Zavarivanja trenjem sa miješanjem, koja se odnose na: limove različitih debljina i materijala, različitih spojeva, analizu mikrostrukture zavarenog spoja, tečenje materijala, praćenje temperature i komponenata sila, numeričke simulacije i mehanička ispitivanja. Dati su i budući pravci razvoja ove tehnologije.
Conformational Variations of Human C1q in Different Buffers
Authors: Kapogianni Alexandra , Bogoeva Vanya , Cholakova Ginka , Tsacheva Ivanka
Published: April 2024

C1q is a primary activator of Complement system and has a physiological role in maintaining the homeostasis. C1q is now acknowledged as a protein of complex functionality, capable of forming multiple binding sites for ligands of various nature by its C-terminal globular domains (gC1q), composed of the globular fragments of the three types of chains, ghA, ghB and ghC. The conformation of the globular fragments is critical for the formation of different binding sites underlying the functional activity of C1q. We studied the conformational flexibility of C1q and its globular fragments ghA, ghB and ghC in different routinely used buffers by the highly sensitive fluorescent spectroscopy. We compared the conformational state of C1q in PBS, pH 7.2; TBS, pH 7.2; carbonate buffer, pH 9.6; NaHCO3, pH 7.2 and HEPES, pH 7.2. HEPES buffer appeared most favourable solute in terms of conformational stability of C1q. The ghB of all three globular fragments followed most closely the native protein.
Altered transcriptomic immune responses of maintenance hemodialysis patients to the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine
Authors: Chang Yi-Shin , Huang Kai , Lee Jessica M , Vagts Christen L , Ascoli Christian , Amin Md-Ruhul , Ghassemi Mahmood , Lora Claudia M , Edafetanure-Ibeh Russell , Huang Yue , Cherian Ruth A , Sarup Nandini , Warpecha Samantha R , Hwang Sunghyun , Goel Rhea , Turturice Benjamin A , Schott Cody , Hernandez Montserrat , Chen Yang , Jorgensen Julianne , Wang Wangfei , Rasic Mladen , Novak Richard M , Finn Patricia W , Perkins David L
Published: April 2024

Background:

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients experience immune compromise characterized by complex alterations of both innate and adaptive immunity, and results in higher susceptibility to infection and lower response to vaccination. This immune compromise, coupled with greater risk of exposure to infectious disease at hemodialysis (HD) centers, underscores the need for examination of the immune response to the COVID-19 mRNA-based vaccines.

Methods:

The immune response to the COVID-19 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was assessed in 20 HD patients and cohort-matched controls. RNA sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was performed longitudinally before and after each vaccination dose for a total of six time points per subject. Anti-spike antibody levels were quantified prior to the first vaccination dose (V1D0) and 7 d after the second dose (V2D7) using anti-spike IgG titers and antibody neutralization assays. Anti-spike IgG titers were additionally quantified 6 mo after initial vaccination. Clinical history and lab values in HD patients were obtained to identify predictors of vaccination response.

Results:

Transcriptomic analyses demonstrated differing time courses of immune responses, with prolonged myeloid cell activity in HD at 1 wk after the first vaccination dose. HD also demonstrated decreased metabolic activity and decreased antigen presentation compared to controls after the second vaccination dose. Anti-spike IgG titers and neutralizing function were substantially elevated in both controls and HD at V2D7, with a small but significant reduction in titers in HD groups (p<0.05). Anti-spike IgG remained elevated above baseline at 6 mo in both subject groups. Anti-spike IgG titers at V2D7 were highly predictive of 6-month titer levels. Transcriptomic biomarkers after the second vaccination dose and clinical biomarkers including ferritin levels were found to be predictive of antibody development.

Conclusions:

Overall, we demonstrate differing time courses of immune responses to the BTN162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in maintenance HD subjects comparable to healthy controls and identify transcriptomic and clinical predictors of anti-spike IgG titers in HD. Analyzing vaccination as an in vivo perturbation, our results warrant further characterization of the immune dysregulation of ESRD.

Funding:

F30HD102093, F30HL151182, T32HL144909, R01HL138628. This research has been funded by the University of Illinois at Chicago Center for Clinical and Translational Science (CCTS) award UL1TR002003.
Molecular mechanism of complement inhibition by the trypanosome receptor ISG65
Authors: Cook Alexander D , Carrington Mark , Higgins Matthew K
Published: April 2024

African trypanosomes replicate within infected mammals where they are exposed to the complement system. This system centres around complement C3, which is present in a soluble form in serum but becomes covalently deposited onto the surfaces of pathogens after proteolytic cleavage to C3b. Membrane-associated C3b triggers different complement-mediated effectors which promote pathogen clearance. To counter complement-mediated clearance, African trypanosomes have a cell surface receptor, ISG65, which binds to C3b and which decreases the rate of trypanosome clearance in an infection model. However, the mechanism by which ISG65 reduces C3b function has not been determined. We reveal through cryogenic electron microscopy that ISG65 has two distinct binding sites for C3b, only one of which is available in C3 and C3d. We show that ISG65 does not block the formation of C3b or the function of the C3 convertase which catalyses the surface deposition of C3b. However, we show that ISG65 forms a specific conjugate with C3b, perhaps acting as a decoy. ISG65 also occludes the binding sites for complement receptors 2 and 3, which may disrupt recruitment of immune cells, including B cells, phagocytes, and granulocytes. This suggests that ISG65 protects trypanosomes by combining multiple approaches to dampen the complement cascade.
Chronic intermittent hypoxia reveals role of the Postinspiratory Complex in the mediation of normal swallow production
Authors: Huff Alyssa D , Karlen-Amarante Marlusa , Oliveira Luiz M , Ramirez Jan-Marino
Published: April 2024

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder that results in multiple bouts of intermittent hypoxia. OSA has many neurological and systemic comorbidities, including dysphagia, or disordered swallow, and discoordination with breathing. However, the mechanism in which chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) causes dysphagia is unknown. Recently, we showed the postinspiratory complex (PiCo) acts as an interface between the swallow pattern generator (SPG) and the inspiratory rhythm generator, the preBötzinger complex, to regulate proper swallow-breathing coordination (Huff et al., 2023). PiCo is characterized by interneurons co-expressing transporters for glutamate (Vglut2) and acetylcholine (ChAT). Here we show that optogenetic stimulation of ChATcre:Ai32, Vglut2cre:Ai32, and ChATcre:Vglut2FlpO:ChR2 mice exposed to CIH does not alter swallow-breathing coordination, but unexpectedly disrupts swallow behavior via triggering variable swallow motor patterns. This suggests that glutamatergic–cholinergic neurons in PiCo are not only critical for the regulation of swallow-breathing coordination, but also play an important role in the modulation of swallow motor patterning. Our study also suggests that swallow disruption, as seen in OSA, involves central nervous mechanisms interfering with swallow motor patterning and laryngeal activation. These findings are crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying dysphagia, both in OSA and other breathing and neurological disorders.
Stand-up in the age of outrage
Authors: Nicolaï Jonas , Maeseele Pieter
Published: April 2024

In the context of an expanding societal awareness of social injustice, and inequality, stand-up comedy is frequently caught in the crosshairs of discourses on free speech and political correctness. This study examines the evolving relationship between comedic critique and contemporary discourses on the boundaries of humour. Drawing on the thesis of the repoliticisation of humour, we analyse stand-up comedy’s reflexivity towards “wokeness” and “cancel culture” through the case of Flemish stand-up comedian Michael Van Peel. Our findings suggest that the complexity of the current political climate leaves Van Peel and his contemporaries disoriented in their attempts to surpass the boundaries of comedic critique. As a result, we argue for a reimagining of comedy's political potential beyond traditional interpretations as subversive critique, towards a view of stand-up comedy as a site of democratic resistance. Expanding views on the public role of comedians in response to contemporary socio-political issues can enhance the understanding of complex sociocultural dynamics and enable critical engagement with discourses on social justice and comedic free speech.
The role of environmental gradients and microclimates in structuring communities and functional groups of lizards in a rainforest-savanna transition area
Authors: Souza-Oliveira Alan F. , Zuquim Gabriela , Martins Lidia F. , Bandeira Lucas N. , Diele-Viegas Luisa Maria , Cavalcante Victor H.G.L. , Baccaro Fabricio , Colli Guarino Rinaldi , Tuomisto Hanna , Werneck Fernanda P.
Published: April 2024

Environmental heterogeneity poses a significant influence on the functional characteristics of species and communities at local scales. Environmental transition zones, such as at the savanna-forest borders, can act as regions of ecological tension when subjected to sharp variations in the microclimate. For ectothermic organisms, such as lizards, environmental temperatures directly influence physiological capabilities, and some species use different thermoregulation strategies that produce varied responses to local climatic conditions, which in turn affect species occurrence and community dynamics. In the context of global warming, these various strategies confer different types of vulnerability as well as risks of extinction. To assess the vulnerability of a species and understand the relationships between environmental variations, thermal tolerance of a species and community structure, lizard communities in forest-savanna transition areas of two national parks in the southwestern Amazon were sampled and their thermal functional traits were characterized. Then, we investigated how community structure and functional thermal variation were shaped by two environmental predictors (i.e., microclimates estimated locally and vegetation structure estimated from remote sensing). It was found that the community structure was more strongly predicted by the canopy surface reflectance values obtained via remote sensing than by microclimate variables. Environmental temperatures were not the most important factor affecting the occurrence of species, and the variations in ecothermal traits demonstrated a pattern within the taxonomic hierarchy at the family level. This pattern may indicate a tendency for evolutionary history to indirectly influence these functional features. Considering the estimates of the thermal tolerance range and warming tolerance, thermoconformer lizards are likely to be more vulnerable and at greater risk of extinction due to global warming than thermoregulators. The latter, more associated with open environments, seem to take advantage of their lower vulnerability and occur in both habitat types across the transition, potentially out-competing and further increasing the risk of extinction and vulnerability of forest-adapted thermoconformer lizards in these transitional areas.
Análisis comparativo de la traducción automática aplicada a la terminología de la antropología: ChatGPT y DeepL
Authors:   , Venegas Esteban Catalina Belén
Published: April 2024

La masificación de ChatGPT ha hecho patente la necesidad de valorar el rendimiento de esta herramienta con otros traductores automáticos presentes en el mercado. Si bien las herramientas de traducción automática son perfeccionadas cada día, la realidad es que sus traducciones no son perfectas. En este contexto, este trabajo realiza un análisis comparativo del desempeño de dos traductores automáticos, ChatGPT y DeepL, sobre la traducción de unidades de conocimiento especializado pertenecientes a la antropología. Asimismo, también se comparan estos traductores con la traducción humana del mismo texto. Para esto, se utiliza un corpus paralelo de una etnografía publicada el año 2012 por la antropóloga Clara Han, y la traducción humana de dicho texto, publicada el 2022. A partir de una compilación de candidatos a término realizada a través de la herramienta Sketch Engine, se compara la traducción de ambos traductores y la humana en una tabla de Excel, para finalmente realizar un análisis de adecuación de aquellas traducciones que difieran a la humana. Al finalizar dicho análisis, se pudo concluir que la herramienta con mejor desempeño es ChatGPT. Sin embargo, ambas herramientas presentan dificultades para la desambiguación correcta de los términos, lo cual concuerda tanto con las investigaciones sobre traducción automática, como con la bibliografía existente sobre terminología de las ciencias sociales.
Effect of Yoga on Premenstrual Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Authors: Misra Upama , Chetri Saamdu
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Yoga takes an approach that addresses the mental and spiritual aspects, making it a powerful tool for treating medical conditions that often do not respond well to traditional methods. Researchers have a growing interest in studying the effects of yoga on chronic health issues and mental wellbeing. Aim: To investigate and summarise the impact of yoga on premenstrual syndrome. Materials and Methods: For this systematic review, international databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, EBSCOhost, and ScienceDirect) were systematically searched from the inception of the databases until January 31, 2024. The keywords “premenstrual syndrome” and “yoga” were employed, and “Medical Subject Headings” (MeSH) were utilised for these keywords. Two researchers independently screened articles, and consensus for inclusion was achieved through mutual discussions. All studies assessing the effect of yoga on premenstrual syndrome were extracted from the selected studies without restricting to the form or type of yogic intervention. Results: A total of 35 studies on the subject were scrutinised, and 12 publications meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were incorporated in the study for evaluation. All studies indicated that yoga is effective in reducing at least one or some of the physical symptoms, such as bloating, pain, fatigue, breast tenderness, appetite changes, and psychological changes like irritability, stress, anxiety, depression, loss of interest, attention, control, and arousal during premenstrual syndrome. There is a lack of clarity regarding the effect of yoga on many other symptoms of premenstrual syndrome. Conclusion: Yoga interventions demonstrate effectiveness in alleviating premenstrual symptoms in women with premenstrual syndrome.
Updates on Genetic Hearing Loss: From Diagnosis to Targeted Therapies
Authors: Yun Yejin , Lee Sang-Yeon
Published: April 2024

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is the most common sensory disorder, with a high Mendelian genetic contribution. Considering the genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity of SNHL, the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies has revolutionized knowledge on its genomic architecture. Nonetheless, the conventional application of panel and exome sequencing in real-world practice is being challenged by the emerging need to explore the diagnostic capability of whole-genome sequencing, which enables the detection of both noncoding and structural variations. Small molecules and gene therapies represent good examples of how breakthroughs in genetic understanding can be translated into targeted therapies for SNHL. For example, targeted small molecules have been used to ameliorate autoinflammatory hearing loss caused by gain-of-function variants of NLRP3 and inner ear proteinopathy with OSBPL2 variants underlying dysfunctional autophagy. Strikingly, the successful outcomes of the first-in-human trial of OTOF gene therapy highlighted its potential in the treatment of various forms of genetic hearing loss. clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based technologies are currently being developed for site-specific genome editing to treat human genetic disorders. These advancements have led to an era of genotype- and mechanism-based precision medicine in SNHL practice.
Climate Risks of Irrigation Developments in the Nariarle Sub- watershed in Koubri, Nankanbé Basin, Burkina Faso
Authors: Abdoul-Azize Sampebgo , Ibrahim Ouedraogo , Joachim Bonkoungou
Published: April 2024

Irrigation schemes in the Nariarlé sub-watershed, Nankanbé basin in Burkina Faso are exposed to climatic risks. These risks are accentuated by the combination of several natural, biophysical and anthropogenic factors. The objective of this study is to assess the climate risks of developments in Burkina Faso. The absence of a previous study assessing the risks of the basin highlights the originality of this article. Documentary research and the processing of satellite images served as methodology. This methodology is supported by field surveys of 160 farmers, questionnaires and interview guides. The climatic analysis shows an evolution of minimum and maximum temperatures and a persistence of deficit years. The climate risks identified are: risks of vulnerability to climatic hazards (water stress, soil erodibility, flooding of irrigated areas, heatwaves), risks of exposure (demographic pressure, increase in the level of CO 2 content of developments, economic deficit). Climate risk assessment provides decision support tools, guidance, effective adaptation practices and techniques.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Fresh Fish Consumer Satisfaction at Supermarket X, Bandung Regency
Authors: Zahara Rizka , Nurhayati Atikah , Maulina Ine , Suryana Asep Agus Handaka
Published: April 2024

This research is entitled Analysis of Factors Influencing Fresh Fish Consumer Satisfaction in Supermarket X, Bandung Regency. The purpose of this research was to determine what factors influence consumer satisfaction with fresh fish at Supermarket X in Bandung Regency. Supermarket X is one of the largest supermarkets in Bandung Regency, which provides basic needs products such as food ingredients for cooking including the availability of fresh fish. Data was obtained through a questionnaire distributed to 104 Supermarket X customers for 1 month, from mid-April to mid-May. The type of research used is descriptive research using a quantitative approach. To determine the value of each attribute using IPA analysis (Importance Performance Analysis), The results of this research show, in calculations using IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) the consumer satisfaction factor is divided into two, namely satisfied and disssatisfied. Satisfactory attributes are product performance, reliability, durability, conformance, price affordability, price compatibility with quality, price compatibility with benefits, tangible services, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and certainty, empathy, additional costs incurred and strategic location. While the unsatisfactory attributes, namely, the affordability of prices and the superior quality of fresh fish, are still inferior to other supermarkets.
Response of Nutrient Management on Yield and Economics in Potato-Based Cropping System in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Yadav Vikas , Pandey Alok Kumar , Qidwai Sidra , Kumar Praveen , Kaushik Shivam , Kumar Pardeep , Kumar Ajay
Published: April 2024

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Study on Predictor Variables for Different Dimensions of Mental Health among Melavoi Village of Covid-19 Affected Young Adults Living in Anantapuram District, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Haritha Y. D. , Bilquis . , Prasanthi S. , Kumari M. S. Chaitanya , Prakash K. Kiran
Published: April 2024

Early adulthood is an extremely diverse period of life. it encompasses a wide range of lifestyle choices and responsibilities. The pandemic has impacted the mental health of young adults very severely. Covid-19 pandemic there has been an increased risk of psychiatric disorders, chronic trauma with an eventual risk of increased suicidality and suicidal behavior linking this to immune mediated mechanisms of stress. For better dealing with these psychosocial issues of different strata of the society, psychosocial crisis prevention and intervention models should be urgently developed by the government, health care personnel and other stakeholders. Apt application of internet services, technology and social media to curb both pandemic and infodemic needs to be instigated. The main focus of the study was to swot on “Study on predictor variables for different dimensions of mental health among Melavoi village of Covid-19 affected young adults living in Anantapuram district, Andhra Pradesh”. Purposive random sampling technique was selected for the study. The respondents were selected from Melavoi village of Anantapuram district, Andhra Pradesh. Male and Female who are in the age group of 18-35 years affected with Covid-19 was selected for the study. The group consists of 30 Covid-19 affected young adults of 15 males and 15 females from Melavoivillage for the study. The study found that Covid-19 outbreak made respondents to experience lot of mental health problems like emotional distress, anxiety, stress, despair, dissatisfaction, impatience irrespective of gender.
A Study on Moisture Dependent Properties of Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentacea) Grains
Authors: Sahoo Rishikesh , Swain Sangram Keshari , Mahapatra Jyotirmay , Mohanty Deepak Kumar , Mohapatra Pavitra Mohan , Dash Ajaya Kumar
Published: April 2024

A vital component in the design of threshers, dehuskers, shellers, and winnowers is the combination of geometrical, frictional, gravimetric, and aerodynamic characteristics. Consequently, to assess these qualities of barnyard millet grain, experiments were conducted. samples within a suitable moisture content range of 6.21 to 22.57% (db). were used in the experiments. Based on the moisture content appropriate for the majority of post-harvest operations, a range of 6 to 24% was selected. The geometrical mean diameter, equivalent mean diameter, arithmetic mean diameter, and square mean diameter increased from 2.05 to 2.24 mm, 2.63 to 2.87 mm, 2.18 to 2.38 mm, and 3.67 to 4.00 mm, respectively, with an increase in moisture content. Similarly, the coefficient of static friction with mild steel, GI sheets, plywood, and glass increased linearly from 0.369 to 0.533, 0.342 to 0.492, 0.288 to 0.301, and 0.314 to 0.363, respectively. Comparing the other three surfaces, it was found that mild steel had the highest coefficient of static friction while plywood had the lowest. Porosity, bulk density, and true density decreased from 0.572 to 0.429, 682.92 to 563.72 kg m-3, and 1318.95 to 1196.81 kg m-3 within the moisture content range, while angle of repose, aspect ratio, sphericity, surface area, volume, 1000 grain weight, coefficient of internal friction, and terminal velocity increased from 23.62° to 40.82°, 65.53 to 66.77, 0.6492 to 0.6569, 13.20 to 15.76 mm2, 4.35 to 6.22 mm3, 3.97 to 5.07 g, 0.556 to 0.863, and 4.42 to 5.23 ms-1.
Pengaruh Internal Pressure Pada Pengelasan Sleeve Pada Pipa ASTM A 106 Grade B
Authors: Prasetiyo Very Dwi , Lim Resmana
Published: April 2024

Sleeve merupakan metode maintenance atau repair yang biasa diaplikasikan in-service pipelines atau piping system. Metode ini prinsip dasarnya identik dengan doubling plate tapi memiliki masalah yang lebih rumit. Metode ini diaplikasikan jika pipelines atau piping system mengalami kerusakan minor seperti internal corrosion yang mengakibatkan tebal dari pipa sudah berkurang dari tebal minimum yang dipersyaratkan. Sebelum sleeve diaplikasikan haruslah dibuat mock-up terlebih dahulu. Metode ini juga merupakan salah satu prosedur bila akan dilakukan hot tapping. Dalam pengelasan ini menggunakan material pipa ASTM A 106 grade B setara dengan API 5L grade B NPS 12 sch 40, sleeve SA 516 grade 70 dengan tebal 8 mm dan backing A 36 dengan tebal 3 mm. Proses pengelasan dilakukan dengan metode SMAW pada posisi 4G dan 2F dengan elektroda pada 4G menggunakan AWS E-7016 untuk root dan fill menggunakan AWS E-7018, sedangkan untuk 1F menggunakan AWS E-7018 dengan variasi internal pressure 0 (tanpa pressure), 2,5, dan 5 bar. Dari uji kekerasan, semakin besar pressure hasil kekerasannya meningkat, akan tetapi hal ini hanya terjadi pressure sampai 2,5 bar. Kemudian kenaikan pressure akan menghasilkan kekerasan yang lebih rendah. Hal ini terjadi karena tidak adanya tenggang waktu antar pengelasan dengan pressure 0, 2,5, dan 5 bar sehingga temperatur air yang ada di dalam pipa meningkat akibat proses pengelasan sebelumnya yaitu dengan pressure 0 dan 2,5 bar sehingga tidak mampu memberikan efek quenching seperti yang terjadi pada 2,5 bar.
Profile of leprosy notifications in children under 15 years of age in Northeastern Brazil / Perfil das notificações de hanseníase em menores de 15 anos no Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Lima Filho Carlos Antonio de , Couto Milena Tereza Torres do , Assis Sandra Alves de , Damázio Simara Lopes Cruz , Guedes Débora Bruna Barbosa , Lira Maria da Conceição Cavalcanti de
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos novos casos de hanseníase em menores de 15 anos no Nordeste do Brasil, entre 2012 e 2022. Método: estudo ecológico, retrospectivo, epidemiológico, realizado por meio de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação do Ministério da Saúde, em dezembro de 2023. Resultados: Foram notificados 9.252 novos casos em menores de 15 anos. Destes, 4.853 (52,5%) foram no sexo masculino, 5.783 (62,5%) na faixa etária dos 10-14 anos, 6.245 (67,5%) em pardos e 6.026 (65,1%) com o ensino fundamental incompleto. Houve predominância de casos paucibacilares (N=4.826/52,2%), dimorfos (N=3.170/34,3%), com grau zero de incapacidade (N=6.975/75,4%), com lesão única (N=3.645/39,4%), baciloscopia negativa (N=3.708/40,1%), sem reação (N=6.110/66,1%) e encaminhado para seis doses da poliquimioterapia (N=4.772/51,6%). Considerações finais: constatou-se que a hanseníase em menores de 15 anos é um acentuado problema de saúde pública, necessitando de ações para seu controle.
An Analytical Study of the Out-of-plane Seismic Performance of Masonry Walls Reinforced with High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites
Authors: Im You Seung , Moon Jiho , Lee Joo Ha
Published: April 2024

Frequent earthquake occurrences in various regions of Korea have highlighted the urgent need that exists for the seismic retrofitting of unreinforced masonry buildings, which are particularly vulnerable to lateral forces. In this study, the out-of-plane seismic performance of masonry walls reinforced with high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (HPFRCCs) was evaluated using finite element analysis. ABAQUS was used to establish the analysis model, and the reliability of the model was validated by comparing the model results with shaking table test results. A parametric study of the reinforced masonry walls was thereafter conducted using the parameters of the reinforced sides of the walls (unilateral and bilateral) and thicknesses (10 and 20 mm). The analysis of the acceleration and displacement of the masonry walls revealed the beneficial effects of HPFRCCs on the out-of-plane seismic performance of the walls. The seismic performance of the walls was significantly enhanced when the HPFRCCs were applied to both sides of the walls.
Impact of Local Governments’ Disaster Preparedness Capability and Local Characteristics on Storm and Flood Damage Reduction: Focusing on Disaster Management Resource
Authors: Jeong Seulgi , Kim Youngmin , Kim Sunin , Hwang Huiyoung , Lee Dalbyul
Published: April 2024

This study empirically analyzes the impact of local governments' disaster preparedness capabilities and local characteristics on storm and flood damage. It considers the budget allocated by local governments for securing and managing disaster management resources as a disaster preparedness capability. Impervious area is used as a local characteristic. Disaster management resources are significant because they are built and utilized during preparedness, response, and recovery phases. Local characteristics should also be considered because of their influence on the impact of disasters. The results of this study indicate that the ratio of the disaster management resource budget affects the reduction of damage. The impact of the budget increases in areas with a relatively higher percentage of impervious area. Therefore, local governments must secure and manage disaster management resources as part of their disaster preparedness. This can be achieved by utilizing ordinances and plans.
Improvement of Personnel, Education and Working Environments via Surveying the Status of Personnel in 119 Emergency Operation Centers
Authors: Han Yong-Taek
Published: April 2024

Excluding the Sejong Fire Department Headquarters, visitations to 119 emergency operations centers in 17 cities and provinces across the country were conducted as of 2022 to assess the improvements in personnel arrangements, scope of work, and status of education and training after the placement of situation rooms. On-site visitations were conducted to 119 emergency operation centers in Seoul and 119 emergency operation centers in Busan. Interviews with security personnel participating in the study, such as emergency operation center managers and team leaders, were conducted at the 119 functional emergency operation centers. The status of the deployment, personnel matters, education and training in the operations center, and working conditions were assessed. The following improvements were suggested: The 119 emergency operation centers must be designated as heavy duty departments, provide personnel with the same or higher points as other departments, and provide training and comprehensive evaluation using common practice and simulations on the 119 Emergency Management Standard Response Manual of the National Fire Agency. In addition, working conditions, such as additional personnel points related to promotions, resolution of malicious complaints, difficulty adapting to sleep patterns, the need for psychological treatment, and lack of manpower, must be improved. The results suggest the benefits of operating 112 police emergency operation centers must be introduced.
Identification of Neural Programmed Cell Death Through the Detection of DNA Fragmentation In Situ and by PCR
Authors: Yung Yun C. , Kennedy Grace , Chun Jerold
Published: July 2009

Programmed cell death is a fundamental process for the development and somatic maintenance of organisms. This unit describes methods for visualizing both dying cells in situ and for detection of nucleosomal ladders. A description of various current detection strategies is provided, as well as support protocols for preparing positive and negative controls and for preparing genomic DNA. Curr. Protoc. Neurosci. 48:3.8.1‐3.8.24. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Measurement of Oxygen Radicals and Lipid Peroxidation in Neural Tissues
Authors: Hall Edward D. , Bosken Jeffrey M.
Published: July 2009

One of the most completely validated processes involved in secondary tissue damage following acute brain or spinal cord injury and in many chronic neurodegenerative diseases has to do with the pathological formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). These are generated by multiple mechanisms and give rise to highly reactive oxygen radicals that can damage neuronal, glial, and microvascular elements. Particular interest has centered upon oxygen radical‐induced, iron‐catalyzed lipid peroxidation (LP) as the principal mechanism of neuronal injury associated with oxygen radicals. Thus, there has been a growing interest in monitoring increased oxygen radical levels as an index of oxidative stress, as well as measuring markers of LP‐associated oxidative injury in in vitro and in vivo model systems and neurological patient samples. Accordingly, the purpose of this unit is to provide a variety of methods for the measurement of hydroxyl radical formation and/or LP in nervous tissue or biofluids.Curr. Protoc. Neurosci. 48:7.17.1‐7.17.51. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Directed Evolution of Proteins In Vitro Using Compartmentalization in Emulsions
Authors: Davidson Eric A. , Dlugosz Paulina J. , Levy Matthew , Ellington Andrew D.
Published: July 2009

This unit describes a protocol for the directed evolution of proteins utilizing in vitro compartmentalization. This method uses a large number of independent in vitro transcription and translation (IVTT) reactions in water droplets suspended in an oil emulsion to enable selection of proteins that bind a target molecule. Protein variants that bind the target also bind to and allow recovery of the genes that encoded them. This protocol serves as a basis for carrying out selections in emulsions, and can potentially be modified to select for other functionalities, including catalysis. This selection method is advantageous compared to alternative selection protocols due to the ability to screen through very large‐size libraries and the ability to express and screen or select for functions that would otherwise be toxic or inaccessible to in vivo selections and screens. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 87:24.6.1‐24.6.12. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Laser Microdissection‐Mediated Isolation and In Vitro Transcriptional Amplification of Plant RNA
Authors: Scanlon Michael J. , Ohtsu Kazuhiro , Timmermans Marja C.P. , Schnable Patrick S.
Published: July 2009

Protocols for laser microdissection and linear amplification of RNA from fixed, sectioned plant tissues are described. When combined with quantitative RT‐PCR, microarray analysis, or RNA‐sequencing, these procedures enable quantitative analyses of transcript accumulation from microscopic quantities of specific plant organs, tissues, or single cells. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 87:25A.3.1‐25A.3.15 © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Pathway Modulators and Inhibitors
Authors: Smith John A.
Published: July 2009

Inhibitors of specific cellular pathways are useful for investigating the roles of proteins of unknown function, and for selectively inhibiting a protein in complex pathways to uncover its relationships to other proteins in this and other interacting pathways. This appendix provides links to Web sites that describe cellular processes and pathways along with the various classes of inhibitors, numerous references, downloadable diagrams, and technical tips. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 87:A.6.1‐A.6.5. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Lasers for Flow Cytometry
Authors: Shapiro Howard M. , Telford William G.
Published: July 2009

Lasers are the principal light sources for flow cytometers. Most modern benchtop instruments feature air‐cooled lasers emitting 10 to 25 mW of light at 488 nm. This unit covers the various types of lasers available and the qualities that make them suitable or unsuitable for use in flow cytometers. Also included is a discussion of future directions, particularly in the development of solid‐state devices. Curr. Protoc. Cytom. 49:1.9.1‐1.9.17. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Calibration of Flow Cytometry for Quantitative Quantum Dot Measurements
Authors: Mittal Rowena , Bruchez Marcel P.
Published: July 2009

Observations of quantum dot (QD)–labeled cells in biomedical research are mainly qualitative in nature, which limits the ability of researchers to compare results experiment to experiment and laboratory to laboratory. Labeled cells are useful in a range of in vitro and in vivo assays where tracking behavior of administered cells is integral for answering research questions in areas such as tissue engineering and stem cell therapy. Before the full potential of QD‐based toolsets can be realized, uptake of QDs by cells must be quantified and standardized. This unit describes a novel, simple method to assess the number of QDs per cell using flow cytometry and commercially available standards. This quick and easy method can be used to calibrate flow cytometry instruments and settings, and quantify QD uptake by cells for in vitro and in vivo experimentation for comparable results across QD conjugate types, cell types, research groups, lots of commercial QDs, and homemade QDs. Curr. Protoc. Cytom. 49:6.26.1‐6.26.7. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.