bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Niet-steroïdale, anti-inflammatoire geneesmiddelen bij vogels: farmacokinetiek, farmacodynamiek en toxiciteit
Authors: Goessens T. , Antonissen G. , Croubels S. , De Backer P. , Devreese M.
Published: April 2020

Niet-steroïdale, anti-inflammatoire geneesmiddelen (NSAID’s) verhinderen de omzetting van arachidonzuur naar prostanoïden door inhibitie van cyclo-oxygenase iso-enzymen. Bij mens en dier worden NSAID’s voornamelijk gebruikt als pijnstillend en ontstekingsremmend geneesmiddel bij aandoeningen van de gewrichten, het skelet en de spieren, bij abdominale pijn en in mindere mate bij postoperatieve pijn. De farmacokinetiek, farmacodynamiek en toxiciteit van NSAID’s zijn sterk verschillend per geneesmiddel, per diersoort en per vogelsoort, bijvoorbeeld zangvogels, papegaaien, roofvogels, watervogels, hoendervogels en duiven. Speciesspecifieke verschillen in de farmacokinetische processen (absorptie, distributie, biotransformatie en excretie) bemoeilijken de extrapolatie van gegevens tussen de verschillende vogelsoorten. Uit farmacodynamische studies blijken effectieve doseringen bij de behandeling van onder meer artritis eveneens speciesafhankelijk te zijn, wat opnieuw het belang weergeeft van farmacodynamische studies van de doeldiersoort. De meeste neveneffecten van NSAID’s bij vogels zijn geassocieerd met nefrotoxiciteit, spiernecrose en gastro-intestinale toxiciteit. Het is dan ook belangrijk om met deze farmacologische en toxicologische eigenschappen rekening te houden bij het gebruik van NSAID’s bij vogels.
Frequentieschatting van ziekteveroorzakende mutaties in de Belgische populatie van enkele hondenrassen: Deel 2: retrievers en andere rastypes
Authors: Beckers E. , Van Poucke M. , Ronsyn L. , Peelman L.
Published: April 2020

De Belgische populatie van tien hondenrassen (de bichonfrisé, sint-hubertushond, Vlaamse koehond, boxer, cavalier-kingcharlesspaniël, Ierse setter, het vlinderhondje, de rottweiler, golden retriever en labrador-retriever), waarvan de genetische diversiteit in België laag tot middelmatig laag is of die relatief populair zijn, werd gegenotypeerd voor ziekteveroorzakende mutaties die potentieel relevant zijn voor deze rassen. Op deze manier werd de frequentie van 26 mutaties geschat om zo gerichter fokadvies te kunnen geven. Aandoeningen waarvan de frequentie hoog genoeg ligt om routine-genotypering aan te raden in fokprogramma’s zijn (1) degeneratieve myelopathie voor de sint-hubertushond, (2) “arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy” en degeneratieve myelopathie voor boxers, (3) “episodic falling syndrome” en macrothrombocytopenie voor de cavalier-kingcharlesspaniël (4) progressieve retina-atrofie “rod-cone” dysplasie 4 voor de Ierse setter, (5) golden retriever progressieve retina-atrofie 1 voor de golden retriever en (6) “exercise induced collapse” en progressieve “rod-cone” degeneratie voor de labrador-retriever. De aanwezigheid van de oorzakelijke mutatie voor een korte staart bij de Vlaamse koehond wordt hier volgens de auteurs voor het eerst beschreven.
Pyothorax bij de kat en de hond
Authors: Gorris F. , Faut S. , Daminet S. , de Rooster H. , Saunders J. H. , Paepe D.
Published: April 2020

Pyothorax, of thoraxempyeem, is een infectie van de pleurale holte, gekenmerkt door een accumulatie van purulent exudaat. Het is een levensbedreigende aandoening, zowel bij honden als bij katten, met een gereserveerde prognose. Dyspnee en/of tachypnee, anorexie en lethargie zijn de meest voorkomende symptomen. De diagnose is meestal gemakkelijk te stellen aan de hand van de klinische symptomen en onderzoek van het pleurale vocht, inclusief een cytologisch en bacteriologisch onderzoek. Meestal wordt orofaryngeale flora geïsoleerd in de pleurale effusie. De behandeling kan zowel medicamenteus als chirurgisch zijn, maar moet snel en agressief ingesteld worden. In dit artikel wordt een overzicht gegeven van de meest voorkomende oorzaken van zowel feliene als caniene pyothorax, waarbij gelijkenissen en verschillen worden besproken. Epidemiologie, klinische symptomen, diagnose, behandeling en prognose komen uitgebreid aan bod.
Klinische en biochemische aspecten van orale supplementatie van organische sporenelementen aan Belgisch witblauwe koeien tijdens de late dracht
Authors: Guyot H. , Martín-Tereso J. , Litjens W. , Brutsaert B. , Desmet L. , Cheleux G. , Dubreucq P. , Rollin F.
Published: April 2020

Vleesvee is gevoelig voor een tekort aan sporenelementen. In deze studie wordt het effect van supplementatie met organische of anorganische sporenelementen onderzocht. Drachtige koeien op dertien Waalse bedrijven met Belgische witblauwe dieren werden verdeeld in twee gelijke groepen, resulterend in een “random-block-design” met twee behandelingen en zesentwintig experimentele eenheden (halve bedrijven) met het bedrijf als “block”. De dieren in groep A kregen een supplement dat 50% organisch selenium, zink en koper bevatte en 50% anorganische sporenelementen, terwijl de dieren in groep B 100% anorganische sporenelementen kregen. Zink in bloed (p=008), selenium in bloed (p<0,01) en colostrum (p<0,01) waren hoger in groep A. Er waren geen verschillen (p>0,1) op het gebied van gezondheid en kalvergroei. Alhoewel de dierprestaties gelijk waren voor de twee verschillende behandelingen, resulteerde de supplementatie met organische sporenelementen in een hogere nutritionele efficiëntie voor het behoud van de selenium- en zinkstatus. Daarnaast leek deze supplementatie de ontsteking die geassocieerd is met een keizersnede te verminderen.
Paratuberculose bij melk- en dwerggeiten: een onderschat probleem?
Authors: Tuerlinckx A. , Vicca J. , Deprez P. , Pardon B.
Published: April 2020

Paratuberculose is een chronische, intestinale aandoening bij geiten en andere herkauwers. Het doel van dit overzichtsartikel is om de huidige kennis omtrent prevalentie, diagnostische mogelijkheden, preventie en mogelijke controlemaatregelen tegen paratuberculose bij melk- en dwerggeiten in Europa samen te vatten. De bedrijfsprevalentie van Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is in de ons omringende landen zorgwekkend hoog, namelijk 71%, 63% en 86% in Duitsland, Frankrijk en Nederland, respectievelijk. De prevalentie bij dwerggeiten is onbekend. Antistof ELISA, cultuur en PCR van mest zijn vlot beschikbaar om de diagnose te bevestigen. Een sterk suggestief letsel voor paratuberculose is de aanwezigheid van vergrote intestinale lymfeknopen op abdominale echografie. Om deze aandoening onder controle te krijgen, is een combinatie van “test and cull” en hygiënische maatregelen sterk aangeraden. In tegenstelling tot bij rundvee is vaccineren mogelijk en zou het een bijdrage kunnen leveren tot controleprogramma’s voor paratuberculose bij geiten. Vaccinantistoffen zijn niet meer detecteerbaar één jaar na vaccinatie, waardoor serologische monitoring mogelijk blijft op gevaccineerde bedrijven. De verontrustende prevalentiecijfers in aangrenzende landen tonen de dringende noodzaak van een prevalentiestudie op melkgeitenbedrijven in België aan.
Gezondheid en het houden van hobbyvarkens: een overzicht
Authors: Amalraj A. , Matthijs A. , Schoos A. , Neirynck W. , De Coensel E. , Bernaerdt E. , Van Soom A. , Maes D.
Published: April 2020

Miniatuurvarkens, zoals het Vietnamese hangbuikvarken en de Kunekune, zijn de bekendste hobbyvarkensrassen. Ondanks hun populariteit is de kennis van hun gezondheid en management schaars. Ze hebben een uitstekend reukvermogen en gehoor, beschikken over een goed aanpassingsvermogen en zijn doorgaans gemakkelijk te hanteren. Ze gedijen goed in de thermoneutrale zone. Een goed geventileerde schuilplaats met een recreatiegebied en het opnemen van stro voor manipulatie voorkomen verveling. Drinkwater moet te allen tijde worden verstrekt. Beperkte voeding één of tweemaal daags is optimaal om overgewicht te voorkomen. Agressie kan optreden en is een van de redenen waarom eigenaars het varken niet langer wensen aan te houden. Schurft en zonnebrand zijn de meest voorkomende huidproblemen. Diarree door Escherichia coli kan voor problemen zorgen bij biggen. Castratie wordt aanbevolen om agressief gedrag, het verspreiden van een penetrante geur en het risico op neoplasmata te vermijden. Het wordt bij voorkeur op jonge leeftijd uitgevoerd om chirurgische complicaties te voorkomen. Er wordt aanbevolen om profylaxe tegen vlekziekte en endoparasieten twee keer per jaar uit te voeren. Andere maatregelen zijn onder meer het periodiek inkorten van de slagtanden en het bekappen van de klauwen.
Epithelial inclusion cyst of the equine digital flexor tendon sheath: diagnosis by ultrasonography and magnetic resonance and successful treatment by tenoscopy
Authors: Joostens Z. , Vanslambrouck L. , De Cock H. , Mariën T.
Published: April 2020

A six-year-old warmblood horse was presented with a longstanding frontlimb lameness with mild digital flexor tenosynovitis and swelling of the distomedial pastern. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance revealed a dense mass lesion in the distal aspect of the digital flexor tendon sheath, with a partial lamellar architecture, absence of internal vascularization and adjacent smooth pressure osteolysis of the middle phalanx. After surgical excision, histopathology confirmed an epithelial inclusion cyst. Epithelial inclusion cysts, also known as keratinizing or follicular cysts, are expansile benign mass-like lesions of aberrant epidermal tissue. In the horse, they are known to occur in cutaneous and several non-cutaneous tissues. In the digital flexor tendon sheath, they have rarely been described. Given their often chronic presentation in this location, they may appear as an atypical dense mass on imaging, uncommon for cystic lesions. Complete tenoscopic removal, even for larger masses, is achievable and considered curative with good prognosis for return.
Люминесцентные свойства разнолигандных beta-дикетонатов неодима, полученных в среде сверхкритического диоксида углерода в полимерных матрицах различной природы
Authors: Каплин В.С. , Копылов А.С. , Зархина Т.С. , Тимашев П.С. , Соловьева А.Б.
Published: April 2020

Multi-ligand phosphor complexes of neodymium acetylacetonate with phenanthroline are synthesized in polymer matrices (oligourethane methacrylate, fluoroplast, polycarbonate) in supercritical carbon dioxide medium. At the same time the role of one of the ligands in such complexes is played by fragments of the polymer matrix. The luminescence spectra of the obtained ternary systems are described. It was shown that the position of the luminescence maxima is bathochromically shifted relative to the binary systems Nd(Acac)3/polymer obtained in a similar way and the magnitude of the shift depends on the nature of the polymer matrix. It was shown that upon the introduction of these components into polymers from a solution, similar phosphor mixed-ligand neodymium complexes do not form. The formation of new structures Nd(Acac)3/Phen/polymer upon impregnation of oligourethane methacrylate with neodymium β-diketonate and phenanthroline in a supercritical CO2 medium was confirmed by the method of differential thermal analysis. The same method confirmed that with the introduction of these components from the solution of the above systems do not form.
Спектральное распознавание объектов с помощью многооконных акустооптических фильтров
Authors: Пожар В.Э. , Великовский Д.Ю.
Published: April 2020

The problem of object detection using their spectral characteristics is considered. The basic problems, preventing to prompt and effective solution, are described. A method for real-time objects discrimination from background in hyperspectral monitoring is presented, which uses multi-band tunable spectral filters. Operation principles and technical implementation of these devices are specified. The novel implementation basis is described using a modulated acousto-optical filter. The assumptions, which support the method, are discussed. It is concluded that the described methods based on multi-band acousto-optical filtration technique is realizable and promising, and can became an effective and flexible tool for express-analysis.
O STATVS JURÍDICO SVI GENERIS DOS ANIMAIS NO CORPVS IVRIS CIVILIS
Authors: GORDILHO Heron José de Santana , SANTOS JÚNIOR Cristóvão José dos
Published: April 2020

RESUMOEste artigo utiliza o método hermenêutico visando traduzir e interpretar o sentido correto do status jurídico dos animais na tradição do Direito Romano  a partir das Institutiones do Corpus Iuris Ciuilis. Dessa forma, o artigo questiona a tradicional e reducionista visão de a tradição do Direito Romano sempre considera os animais como coisa. Inicialmente, o artigo faz um breve resumo histórico do Direito Romano  à época da criação da obra justinianeia. Em seguida, promove uma tradução de trechos das Institutas que fazem referência aos animais diretamente de uma versão em Latim do romanista alemão Paulus Krueger, momento em que são explicitados traços que indicam que os animais gozavam de um status jurídico singular nas Institutiones. Por fim, constata que existe  uma diferença de tratamento entre os animais naquele documento, em decorrência da própria animalidade e da vontade dos animais, que são classificados segundo diferentes critérios, tais como natureza e hábito, que ensejam diferentes categorias, uma vez que os animais possuem direitos derivados do ius naturale. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Institutas; Justiniano; Animais; Res; Coisa. ABSTRACTIt is studied the animal’s legal status in the Corpus Iuris Ciulis Institutiones. Therefore, it is questioned the traditional and reductionist way of thinking that identifies those being simply as things, evidencing clues to sui generis character, through a rereading of the Institutes. To such end, the required Roman Law's history to understand Justinian's work is retrieved. Then, a translation proposition for Institutes' parts which have any animal reference is presented, at which point are shown plentiful of signs that point to a singular law condition. It is realized, upon that, a difference in treatment based on animals' own animality and will, distinguished and classified according to different standards, such as nature and habits, like the categories of domestic, wild, domesticated, and non-domesticated animals. Therefore, clues that disclose acknowledgment of animals' sentience and that these beings truly had right derived from ius naturale are revealed.KEYWORDS: Institutes; Justinian; Animals; Res; Thing.
LAVAGEM DE DINHEIRO E SUAS GERAÇÕES
Authors: Moro Sérgio Fernando , Portella Irene , Ferrari Flávia Jeane
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo tem por finalidade estudar os aspectos da lavagem de dinheiro e suas gerações. Nos últimos anos o crime de lavagem de dinheiro tomou uma certa popularidade nos meios de comunicações, tornando-se um tema de grande repercussão no cenário econômico e penal brasileiro. Este tipo de crime não é apenas um problema nacional, mas ocorre no mundo todo. O combate à lavagem de dinheiro é a repressão mais intensa que o Estado pode fazer face às organizações criminosas. O crime de lavagem de dinheiro evoluiu com a tecnologia, porém a polícia e a justiça seguem em passos lentos, por este motivo houve a necessidade de atualizar o direito brasileiro através de novas legislações e utilizando a tecnologia ao seu favor. O objetivo deste artigo é a lavagem de dinheiro e suas gerações, gerações estas que consideramos no presente artigo como evoluções do crime e a busca do Estado para uma punição mais justa. O artigo utiliza a metodologia bibliográfica de forma a explanar de modo conceituado, apresentando as hipóteses e modalidades enquadradas na legislação pátria e internacional, com explicações doutrinárias elucidativas, as quais provocam polêmicas no meio jurídico e social brasileiro.Palavras chaves: Direito Penal Moderno; Organizações Criminosas; Lavagem de Dinheiro e Gerações.
Current and Future Trends in Life Sciences Training: Questionnaire Study
Authors: Magagna William , Wang Nicole , Peck Kyle
Published: April 2020

Background

Every year, the life science field spends billions of dollars on educational activities worldwide. The continuing professional development of employees, especially in this field, encompasses great challenges. Emerging technologies appear to offer opportunity, but relatively little research has been done on the effectiveness of pedagogies and tools that have been used in the life sciences, and even less research has been devoted to understanding the potential power of emerging options that might determine the field’s future.

Objective

In collaboration with the Life Sciences Trainers & Educators Network (LTEN), this study investigated the current state of the pedagogies and tools currently adopted by corporate training professionals in the life sciences as well as the professionals’ perceptions of the impacts of emerging technologies on training.

Methods

This study adopted a mixed methods approach that included a survey and a follow-up interview. The survey consists of 18 broad questions with 15 subquestions in each of the five specific sectors of the life sciences field. Interviews were conducted by phone and lasted approximately 40 minutes, covering 18 questions designed to follow-up on findings from the survey items.

Results

Both survey and interview results indicated that the professionals were not satisfied with the status quo and that training and education in this field need to change. Most of the techniques and tools currently used have been used for some time. The professionals surveyed were not satisfied with the current techniques and tools and did not find them cost-effective. In addition, the respondents pictured the future of training in this field to be more engaging and effective.

Conclusions

This is the first study in a series designed to better understand education and training in the life sciences on a macro level, in order to build a foundation for progress and evolution of the future landscape. Next steps involve developing strategies for how to extend this vision throughout individual organizations.
Non-Linear fitting of Sigmoidal Growth Curves to predict a maximum limit to the total number of COVID-19 cases in the United States. (Preprint)
Authors: Dutra Sr Carlos
Published: April 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

In the present work is used non-linear fitting of the "Gompert" and "Logistic" growth models to the number of total COVID-19 cases from the United States as a country and individually by states. The methodology allowed us to estimate that the maximum limit for the total number of cases of COVID-19 patients such as those registered with the World Health Organization will be approximately one million and one hundred thousand cases to the United States. Up to 04/19/20 the models indicate that United States reached 70% of this maximum number of "total cases" and the United States will reach 95% of this limit by 05/14/2020. The application of the nonlinear fitting of growth curves to the individual data of each American state showed that only 25% of them did not reach, on 04/19/20, the percentage of 59% of the maximum limit of "total cases" and that 17 of the 50 states still will not have reached 95% of that limit on 05/14/20.
A Study on the Effectiveness of Automated Essay Marking in the Context of a Blended Learning Course Design
Authors: Yu Wenhua , Barker Trevor
Published: April 2020

This paper reports on a study undertaken in a Chinese university in order to investigate the effectiveness of an online automated essay marking system in the context of a Blended Learning course design. Two groups of undergraduate learners studying English were required to write essays as part of their normal course. One group had their essays marked by an online automated essay marking and feedback system, the second, control group were marked by a tutor who provided feedback in the normal way. Their essay scores and attitudes to the essay writing tasks were compared. It was found that learners were not disadvantaged by the automated essay marking system. Their mean performance was better (p<0.01) than the tutor marked control for seven of the essays and showed no difference for three essays. In no case did the tutor marked essay group score higher than the automated system. Correlations were performed that indicated that for both groups there was a significant improvement in performance (p<0.05) over the duration of the course and that there was a significant relationship between essay scores for the groups (p<0.01). An investigation of attitude to the automated system as compared to the tutor marked system was more complex. It was found that there was a significant difference in the attitudes of those classified as low and high performers (p<0.05). In the discussion these findings are placed in a Blended Learning context.
Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Financial Reporting in the Light of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) (An Empirical Study)
Authors: El-Mousawi Hasan , Kanso Hasan
Published: April 2020

The outbreak of a novel type of Coronavirus (COVID-19) in the majority of countries around the world has had many negative implications on almost all aspects of life. Currently, about a quarter of the population of Earth is quarantined at their homes, social distancing is effective everywhere, almost all industries have ceased their activities, and various businesses are either closed down or working from home. Procedures taken by governments or local authorities to improve their ability to contain the outbreak have impacted the global economy, which in turn will have many consequences on financial reporting of organizations. This study examines the impact of the novel Coronavirus outbreak on financial reporting of organizations from the viewpoint of Certified Public Accountants in Lebanon. The researchers have used a descriptive-analytical approach and have constructed a well-structured five-point Likert style questionnaire as the study tool. The questionnaire was distributed to a sample chosen from the population of certified public accountants in Lebanon. The random sample consisted of 300 practitioners of the profession, and 221 of them responded; all of which were valid for testing and analysis. The study reached some important findings mainly that the COVID-19 outbreak has had a significant impact on the financial reporting of businesses according to the opinions of Certified Public Accountants (CPAs) in Lebanon, and the researchers had some recommendations as a result.
¿A donde va la política monetaria desde la crisis financiera global y qué debe hacerse?
Authors: Seccareccia Mario
Published: April 2020

La banca central contemporánea está evolucionando lentamente con un número creciente de líderes políticos que exigen que las autoridades monetarias abandonen el mandato de un solo objetivo de combatir únicamente la inflación. Desde la crisis financiera mundial, los formuladores de políticas están considerando un compromiso de objetivos múltiples que incluiría no solo la preocupación por la inflación a medida que se puso de moda desde la década de 1990. Los bancos centrales también deberían tener debidamente en cuenta el problema del desempleo y la distribución del ingreso, así como otras preocupaciones, en su establecimiento de tasas de interés. El artículo analiza la experiencia canadiense, como estudio de caso, para mostrar cómo los regímenes de metas de inflación simplemente persiguen un tipo distinto de política de ingresos con un sesgo implícito de distribución del ingreso contra el ingreso laboral. El artículo también analiza marcos alternativos de política monetaria con reglas precisas de operación de tasas de interés cuyo enfoque sería preservar un objetivo de distribución de ingresos en lugar de una meta de inflación.

JEL Codes: E52, E58, E63, E64

 
Bolivianización, causas y mecanismos de propagación en el rescate de la soberanía monetaria
Authors: Mendoza Hernández Antonio
Published: April 2020

El 10 de noviembre del año 2019 tuvo lugar un golpe de Estado en Bolivia imponiendo un gobierno de facto con base en los mandos militar y policial que amenaza la continuidad de un modelo económico que inició en 2006 y se le atribuyen 14 años de un Estado soberano y económicamente fuerte que recobro la soberanía monetaria para ese país. Hasta el 2005 Bolivia era una economía con dolarización de facto: el dólar era utilizado en Bolivia como unidad de cuenta, depósito de valor y medio de intercambio. Durante los años ochenta y noventa del siglo pasado, los niveles de dolarización financiera alcanzaban el 80% y 90% para depósitos y créditos, respectivamente. Condición que se mantenía hasta mediados de la primera década del siglo XXI. Bolivia era uno de los países más dolarizados del mundo. Desde 2006 se implementaron una serie de políticas dirigidas a la creación de mecanismos que promovían un mayor uso de la moneda nacional, repercutiendo positivamente en la recuperación de las funciones del peso boliviano. Se define como bolivianización (desdolarización) al proceso paulatino, gradual y de largo plazo mediante el cual la moneda nacional recobra en mayor grado las funciones convencionales del dinero, lo anterior como la causa básica para rescatar la soberanía monetaria, mientras que los mecanismos de propagación se encuentran en el comportamiento de los créditos y depósitos.

 
Colaboratividad y solidaridad como regreso al mundo en la filosofía de Hajime Tanabe
Authors: Maldonado Rebeca
Published: April 2020

El presente texto explora en el pensamiento de Tanabe la colaboratividad y la solidaridad como una dimensión de la nada en tanto que éstas son posibles desde la perspectiva del no-ego (yo-vacío o sujeto vacío) o muerte continua del ego a lo cual llama metánoia y que como camino de pensamiento le llama metanoética. Para Tanabe la continuidad de la metánoia permite una forma de existencia histórica que hace posible otro modo de ser en el mundo, marcado por la solidaridad y la colaboratividad, también llamado “regreso al mundo” (gensō-ekō, en japonés). De este modo es desde la nada absoluta que se abre una especie de intersticio con otras sociedades y culturas.
La reflexión sobre el género en Platón: un pensamiento ontológico acerca de la identidad y la diferencia
Authors: Ugalde Quintana Jeannet
Published: April 2020

La filósofa Simone de Beauvoir fue una de las primeras en observar y criticar, dentro de los discursos filosóficos, planteamientos de tipo monista en los cuales lo femenino se presenta como ausencia o negatividad. Sin embargo, en Platón encuentro trazos de una visión ontológica que escapa a una determinación monista o dualista del Ser y que permite comprender el género, desde la igualdad y la diferencia.
Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Edible Lichen
Authors: Murugesan Priya
Published: April 2020

Lichens are composite organisms consisting of a symbiotic association of a fungus (the mycobiont) with a photosynthetic partner (the phytobiont), usually either a green alga or cyanobacterium. The morphology, physiology and biochemistry of lichens are very different from those of the isolated fungus and alga in culture. Lichens occur in some of the most extreme environments on the Earth and may be useful to scientists in many commercial applications. Antibacterial, antifungal and phytochemical analysis of edible lichen, (Platismatia glauca) was studied in this work.

Keywords:  Edible Lichen, Platismatia glauca, secondary metabolites, antimicrobial
Polyphenolic content, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory activities of Melon (Cucumis melo L. var. inodorus) Seeds
Authors: Bouaziz Amel , Djidel Saliha , Bentaher Assia , Khennouf Seddik
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study was to estimate the content of polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins compounds and to evaluate the antioxidant activity and  the  in vitro anti-inflammatory  of    the ethanolic extract of  melon (Cucumis melo L.  var inodorus) seeds. The Folin-Ciocalteau and AlCl3 methods were applied in order to quantify the polyphenolic and flavonoids contents, respectively. However, DPPH and  β-carotene bleaching  method were applied  to evaluate the  in vitro antioxidant activity. The polyphenolic  and flavonoids contents  of    seeds  extract  were  found to be 37,10 ± 1,11 mg GAE/g of dry extract and 0,43 ± 0,27 mg QE/ g  of dry extract, respectively. Whereas the amount of tannins was  48, 30 ±  0,90 mg TAE/ g of dry extract. The scavenger effect of  seeds extract against DPPH radicals showed IC50 value of  4,13 ± 0,07 mg/ ml. The β-carotene bleaching assay indicated a strong inhibition percentage of the lipid peroxidation with value of 69,47 %. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the inhibition of   proteins denaturation revealed that the seeds extract had a moderate anti-inflammatory activity which is estimated at 49,09 % compared to the aspirin (97,73  %) at 1 mg/ ml.  Finally, melon seeds may be considered as a promising source of natural antioxidants which possess remarkable therapeutic action as inflammatory activity and may serve as food ingredients.

Keywords: Cucumis melo var. inodorus, Polyphenols, Flavonoids, Tannins, Oxidative stress,  Anti-inflammatory activity.
THE The Effect of Green Tea Infusion (Camellia sinensis) on Histopathology of White Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Liver Sprague dawley Strain Induced by Ethanol
Authors: Muhartono Muhartono , Salsabila Nabilah Amirah , Ayu Putu Ristyaning
Published: April 2020

Aims: This research aims to determine the effect of green tea infusion (Camellia sinensis) on the hitopathology of white rat liver induced by ethanol.

Method: This study used 30 rats divided into 5 groups as follow negative control group (K1) given aquades, positive control group (K2) given 20% 2 mL/day peroral, treatment group 1, 2, 3 (P1, P2, P3) given 20% ethanol 2 mL/day peroral followed by green tea infusion with doses 0,375 g/day, 0,75 g/day, and 1,5 g/day single dose per oral for 14 days. The the liver of the rat is taken for microscopic examination. The mean Manja Roenigk scores obtained were K1=1,16, K2=3,36, P1=2,8, P2=2,68, and P3=2,56. Data were tested with the Kruskal-wallis test followed by Mann whitney’s post hoc test.

Results:  The results showed a significant mean difference between positive group (K2) and the treatment group P1, P2, and P3. There is no significant mean difference between P1-P2, P1-P3, and P2-P3 which means giving green tea infusion (Cameliia sinensis) in P2 and P3 gave almost the same effect as P1.

Conclusion: There is an effect of giving green tea infusion (Camellia sinensis) to the histopathology of white rat liver induced by ethanol.

Keywords: antioxidants, ethanol, green tea infusion, liver histopathology.
Mitigation of readout noise in near-term quantum devices by classical post-processing based on detector tomography
Authors: Maciejewski Filip B. , Zimborás Zoltán , Oszmaniec Michał
Published: April 2020

We propose a simple scheme to reduce readout errors in experiments on quantum systems with finite number of measurement outcomes. Our method relies on performing classical post-processing which is preceded by Quantum Detector Tomography, i.e., the reconstruction of a Positive-Operator Valued Measure (POVM) describing the given quantum measurement device. If the measurement device is affected only by an invertible classical noise, it is possible to correct the outcome statistics of future experiments performed on the same device. To support the practical applicability of this scheme for near-term quantum devices, we characterize measurements implemented in IBM's and Rigetti's quantum processors. We find that for these devices, based on superconducting transmon qubits, classical noise is indeed the dominant source of readout errors. Moreover, we analyze the influence of the presence of coherent errors and finite statistics on the performance of our error-mitigation procedure. Applying our scheme on the IBM's 5-qubit device, we observe a significant improvement of the results of a number of single- and two-qubit tasks including Quantum State Tomography (QST), Quantum Process Tomography (QPT), the implementation of non-projective measurements, and certain quantum algorithms (Grover's search and the Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm). Finally, we present results showing improvement for the implementation of certain probability distributions in the case of five qubits.
South Korea - Russia economic relations: focused on FDI
Authors: Degtereva Ekaterina A. , Lee Han-Sol
Published: April 2020

The emphasis on economic cooperation between South Korea and Russia is growing according to the new foreign policies of the two countries. This study aims to draw policy implications for increasing inter South Korea-Russia investments as reflecting growing political significances of economic cooperation of the two countries. For that, we analyzed FDI data from Central Bank of Russia, Export-Import Bank of Korea, and KOTRA given that in globalized economies, above all the other entry modes in foreign markets, FDI plays a significant role in national economic growth as allowing firms to utilize cross-border production factors with high efficiencies. Based on the data analysis, we made the following meaningful conclusions. First, despite growing political importance, FDI flows between the two countries are insignificant, partially due to the profound sense of closeness. Second, the motivations of Korean FDI showed differences dependent on Russian cities. Third, Korean FDI in Russia is highly concentrated in the manufacturing industry. To increase FDI flows between the two countries, we recommend to launch cultural exchange programs in private sectors with longterm visions and diversify investment in a way to increase cooperation among SMEs, and start-ups in high value-added and innovative industries.
Non-performing assets in India: A critical analysis of public and private sector banks
Authors: Kandpal Vinay
Published: April 2020

The paper identifies and analyzes the causes that affect non performing assets (NPAs), hinder its effective observance, and recommends appropriate measures to ensure their effective monitoring and control. The banks selected for this research work are having higher NPAs and are top banks in their sector. As per the Global Financial Stability Report of International Monetary Fund (IMF, 2009), identifying and dealing with distressed assets, and recapitalizing weak but viable institutions and resolving failed institutions are stated as the two of the three important priorities which directly relate to NPAs. This research work finds the reasons for non-performing loans by considering a set of 50 variables and provides the necessary measures. Statistical tool SPSS was used to run the factor analysis test. Sectoral disparities in the NPA ratio to advances in public and private sector banks were the main source of motivation to analyze and compare factors affecting non-performing assets (NPAs) of public and private sector banks in India. Some of the reasons for NPA are lack of frequent interaction or follow-up with borrowers, manipulation of income or financial statement by borrowers, industrial problem and death of earning member of the family.
Secretory functions of macrophages in the human pancreatic islet are regulated by endogenous purinergic signaling
Authors: Admin Ada , Weitz Jonathan R. , Jacques-Silva Carol , Qadir Mirza Muhammed Fahd , Umland Oliver , Pereira Elizabeth , Qureshi Farhan , Tamayo Alejandro , Dominguez-Bendala Juan , Rodriguez-Diaz Rayner , Almaça Joana , Caicedo Alejandro
Published: April 2020

Endocrine cells of the
pancreatic islet interact with their microenvironment to maintain tissue
homeostasis. Communication with local macrophages is particularly important in
this context, but the homeostatic functions of human islet macrophages are not
known. Here we show that the human islet contains macrophages in perivascular
regions that are the main local source of the anti-inflammatory cytokine Il-10 and
the metalloproteinase MMP9. Macrophage production and secretion of these homeostatic
factors is controlled by endogenous purinergic signals. In obese and diabetic
states, macrophage expression of purinergic receptors, MMP9, and Il-10 is reduced.
We propose that in those states exacerbated beta cell activity due to increased
insulin demand and increased cell death produces high levels of ATP that
downregulate purinergic receptor expression. Loss of ATP sensing in macrophages
may reduce their secretory capacity.
Lactogens reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced rodent and human β-cell death and diabetes incidence in Akita mice
Authors: Admin Ada , Li Rosemary , Kondegowda Nagesha Guthalu , Filipowska Joanna , Hampton Rollie F. , Leblanc Silvia , Garcia-Ocana Adolfo , Vasavada Rupangi C.
Published: April 2020

Diabetes occurs
due to a loss of functional β-cells, resulting from β-cell death and
dysfunction. Lactogens protect rodent and human β-cells in vitro and in vivo
against triggers of β-cell cytotoxicity relevant to diabetes, many of which converge
onto a common pathway, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, whether
lactogens modulate the ER stress pathway is unknown. This study examines if
lactogens can protect β-cells against ER stress and mitigate diabetes incidence
in Akita mice, a rodent model of ER stress-induced diabetes, akin to neonatal
diabetes in humans. We show that lactogens protect INS1 cells, primary rodent
and human β-cells in vitro against
two distinct ER stressors, tunicamycin and thapsigargin, through activation of the
JAK2/STAT5 pathway. Lactogens mitigate expression of pro-apoptotic molecules in
the ER stress pathway that are induced by chronic ER stress in INS1 cells and
rodent islets. Transgenic expression of placental lactogen in β-cells of Akita
mice drastically reduces the severe hyperglycemia, diabetes incidence,
hypoinsulinemia, β-cell death, and loss of β-cell mass observed in Akita
littermates. These are the first studies in any cell type demonstrating lactogens
modulate the ER stress pathway, causing enhanced β-cell survival and reduced
diabetes incidence in the face of chronic ER stress.
Experimental Study for Comparing Heating and Cooling Performance of Thermoelectric Peltier
Authors: AFSHARİ Faraz
Published: April 2020

On a global scale it is considered that, a notable part of the overall electrical energy is consumed in refrigeration and air conditioning sectors. Refrigeration sector is also known as an important and critical industry in the field of food and pharmacy sectors. In general refrigeration and also freezing applications are based on the extracting thermal energy from the freezing or cooling medium to keep the temperature at the specified standard levels suitable for storage foods or medicines. Vapor compression refrigeration systems are mostly employed for cooling, heating and air conditioning purposes, but comparative investigations focused on thermoelectric devices and their efficiency with well-known vapor compression refrigeration systems are less regarded in the literature. In this study, Peltier thermoelectric performance was obtained in two different ways and the results were compared. First, the COP value was obtained when cooling was carried out in an insulated box and then in different mode, the heating of the box was carried out. It was observed a big difference between COP values of heating and cooling modes. According to the achieved experimental results of this study, the COP or coefficient of performance value in the heating mode is approximately 200% greater than that of cooling mode.
La educación como fundamento orientador hacia una cultura ambiental
Authors: Martínez Ortega Ma. de los Ángeles
Published: April 2020

La presente investigación surge de la premisa de que la mujer como madre es considerablemente más sensible hacia el cuidado del medio ambiente, es la que inicialmente tiene un vínculo directo con el individuo y, por lo tanto, es necesario reeducarla para que sea la guiadora inicial hacia la construcción de una cultura ambiental. El objetivo principal fue señalar la importancia de la educación dirigida hacia la conformación de una cultura de este tipo, partiendo de un enfoque de género y su implicación y dirección hacia la generación de una sensibilidad ambiental, en donde se exalte que el acontecer del ser humano impacta directamente en el medio ambiente y, por extensión, repercute en el cambio climático. Se partió de dos preguntas eje: ¿el género y el nivel académico influyen de manera directa en la respuesta sensible del individuo hacia el cuidado del medio ambiente?, ¿la incorporación más directa de la mujer propiciará una educación ambiental que repercutirá en la construcción de una cultura ambiental? La investigación tuvo un enfoque mixto (cuantitativo y cualitativo); se trató de un estudio transversal que incluyó una encuesta semiestructurada. Inicialmente se determinaron dos variables cualitativas nominales-ordinales: Género (dicotómica), variable independiente, y Sensibilidad Ambiental (politómica), esto es, la conciencia del impacto negativo del comportamiento humano hacia el medio ambiente, como variable dependiente. Posteriormente, por necesidades del estudio, se incluyó la variable Nivel Académico (semestre escolar) (politómica). El análisis se realizó a través del coeficiente ji al cuadrado, utilizando el software IBM SPSS Statistics 23 para medir la relación de las variables. Los resultados arrojaron, en primera instancia, que no existe relación directa entre Género y Sensibilidad Ambiental (conciencia del impacto negativo de nuestras actividades cotidianas hacia el medio ambiente del individuo). Sin embargo, con la incorporación de la variable Nivel Académico (semestre), se comprobó que sí existe correlación directa entre las variables, esto es, el género femenino manifestó tener una mayor sensibilidad del impacto que generan sus acciones cotidianas en el medio ambiente. Se concluye que se deben promover acciones que involucren de manera directa a la mujer hacia una reeducación ambiental, en donde se le permita actuar de manera directa en esta acción proactiva y axiológica. Por lo tanto, una propuesta directa es trabajar hacia una educación ambiental, ya que es un factor importante para tomar conciencia del trabajo en pro de un desarrollo sostenible desde casa, completarlo en la escuela y vivenciarlo en la sociedad, todo ello hacia una cultura ambiental.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Kariyer Uyumluluğunun Yordanmasında Psikolojik İhtiyaçlar ve Azmin Rolü
Authors: AYAZ Ahmet , EŞİCİ Hasan
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin kariyer uyumluluklarının yordanmasında psikolojik ihtiyaçlar ve azmin rölünü incelemektir. Araştırma yordayıcı korelasyonel desene göre dizayn edilmiştir. Yordayıcı korelasyonel araştırmalar değişkenler arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenip, değişkenlerin birin-den yola çıkılarak diğerinin yordanmaya çalışıldığı araştırmalardır. Araştırmanın bağımlı değişkeni kariyer uyumluluğu iken bağımsız değişkenler psikolojik ihtiyaçların alt boyutlarından sevgi ve ait olma, güç, özgürlük ve eğlence ile azmin alt boyutlarından gayrette ısrar ve ilginin tutarlılığıdır. Bu araştırma 2016-2017 eğitim öğretim yılı güz döneminde Gaziantep’te bulunan Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi’nde eğitim gören öğrenciler üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubunun belirlenmesinde uygun örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunda toplam 390 öğrenci yer almaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında, araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan bilgi formu, Kariyer Uyum Yetenekleri Ölçeği, Temel Psikolojik İhtiyaçlar Ölçeği ve Kısa Azim Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Kariyer uyumluluğunun yordanmasında psikolojik ihtiyaçlar ve azmin rolünün belirlenmesi amacıyla hiyerarşik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Analizin ilk aşamasında modele psikolojik ihtiyaçların alt boyutlarından sevgi, özgürlük, güç ve eğlence dâhil edilmiştir. Analizin ikinci aşamasında ise modele azmin alt boyutlarından gayrette ısrar dâhil edilmiştir. Sevgi, özgürlük, güç ve eğlenceden oluşan model kariyer uyumluluğuna ilişkin varyansın %41’ini açıklamaktadır. Analize ikinci blok olarak gayrette ısrar değişkeni dâhil edilmiştir. Gayrette ısrar değişkeni %8’lik manidar (p<.01) bir katkı sağlamaktadır. Gayrette ısrarın modele eklenmesiyle kariyer uyumluluğuna yönelik açıklanan toplam varyans %49’a yükselmiştir.
Verimlilik ve İnsan İlişkileri Söylemleri Arakesitinde Eğitim Yönetiminin Bilgi Temeli Oluşumu: Chester Barnard ve Etkileri
Authors: DENİZ Ünal
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, eğitim yönetiminin bilgi temeli oluşumunda, bir yönetim bilimi temsilcisi olarak Chester Barnard’ın katkılarını ortaya koymaktır. Bu kapsamda, öncelikle yönetimin ayrı bir disiplin olarak ortaya çıkışını tetikleyen unsurlar ile eğitim yönetiminin bilgi temeli oluşumundaki gelişmeler ele alınmıştır. Ardından ise Chester Barnard’ın alanda ortaya koyduğu çalışmalar ve bu çalışmaların eğitim yönetimi alanına yansımaları incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları, Chester Barnard’ın yaptığı kuramsal ve ampirik çalışmalar ile eğitim yönetiminde demokratikleşmenin entelektüel köklerinden birini oluşturduğu ve neoklasik döneme geçişte bir köprü görevi üstlendiğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca, Chester Barnard’ın Frederick Taylor’a ait bilimsel yönetim anlayışını ve Elton Mayo’nun insan ilişkileri yaklaşımını basit ve pragmatik bir şekilde birleştirdiği gözlemlenmiştir. Bu durumun özellikle eğitim örgütleri için daha uygulanabilir bir yönetim anlayışı ortaya koyduğu ve izleyen yıllarda hem teori hem de uygulama alanında eğitim yönetimini derin bir şekilde etkisi altına aldığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Simulações para produzir soja de forma sustentável na região do Matopiba
Authors: Feitosa Milena Monteiro , Lemos José de Jesus Sousa , Campos Kilmer Coelho
Published: April 2020

A produção de soja avança significativamente a partir dos anos noventa na região do MATOPIBA, composta pelos Estados do Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí e Bahia. Este trabalho objetiva simular a capacidade de produzir soja de forma sustentável naquela região, sem que novas áreas sejam desmatadas e tampouco avancem sobre as áreas destinadas à produção dos agricultores familiares. Utilizam-se dados da Produção Agrícola Municipal do IBGE no período de 1990 a 2016. Elaboram-se simulações em que se impuseram limites máximos para as áreas a serem colhidas com soja nos estados, de tal sorte que não avancem sobre aquelas dos agricultores familiares e não ultrapassem um valor teto simulado. Impõe-se assim que o crescimento da produção de soja na região, a partir daquelas áreas superiores, aconteça apenas via crescimento da produtividade por hectare. Cria-se o índice de sustentabilidade (ISUS) usando método de análise fatorial com a técnica de decomposição em componentes principais. Testam-se as diferentes simulações de respostas entre os diferentes estados no que se refere aos valores médios do ISUS e simula-se a sua provável taxa de crescimento no período investigado que foi de 1990 a 2016. Os resultados obtidos mostram ser possível produzir soja nessa região, com TGC positivas, sem que se avance em áreas ainda não desmatadas e/ou ocupadas pelos agricultores familiares. Isso é possível porque as produtividades que permitem obter esses resultados foram observadas nos estados nos anos que compõem a série histórica analisada. Conclusão geral da pesquisa: é possível cultivar soja de forma sustentável na região do MATOPIBA.

Palavras-Chave: Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável. Agricultura Familiar. Modernização agrícola. Preservação ambiental.