bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RELAÇÃO ENTRE DOENÇAS CRÔNICAS NÃO TRANSMISSÍVEIS E O TEMPO DE INTERNAÇÃO DE IDOSOS EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Lima Elaynne Jeyssa Alves , Silva José Vinicius Vasconcelos da , Tenorio Clara Maria Pinto , Lima Cláudio Guerra de , Melo Dielson Cavalcante de , Lima Rafael Espósito de , Yepez Judit Callañaupa , Nascimento Wanderlene de Oliveira do , Leonel Luciane Resende da Silva , Campigotto Roberto Spadoni , Lages Maria Gizelda Gomes , Lima Maria Elidiane Lopes Ferreira , Rios Antonia Dyeylly Ramos Torres , Vieira Taiane Soares , Pinheiro Thalissa de Sousa Abrantes
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Verificar a relação entre as Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) e o tempo de internação de idosos em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Metodologia: Trata-se de uma ampla revisão da literatura em que a construção da pesquisa está amparada na questão "Qual a relação entre doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) e o tempo de internação do idoso em unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI)?" A pesquisa foi conduzida em 2023, por meio da consulta às bases de dados Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), e Base de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF), acessadas através da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, bem como a Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Resultados: Cinco artigos apresentam que a relação entre doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) e o tempo de internação em UTIs é complexa, dependendo de vários fatores, como gravidade das condições, idade e qualidade do cuidado. A maioria das internações está ligada a DCNT, como doenças cardiovasculares e respiratórias, afetando idosos, que muitas vezes já enfrentam fragilidades de saúde. A presença de múltiplas DCNT pode aumentar o tempo de internação, principalmente em sistemas de saúde privados. A complexidade do quadro clínico também influencia o tempo de internação, com pacientes com mais doenças crônicas tendo estadias mais longas. Os estudos apresentaram variações no tempo médio de internação, mas ressaltam que a hospitalização de idosos pode levar à redução da funcionalidade, resultando na dependência de cuidadores. Conclusão: Este estudo forneceu insights sobre o perfil dos idosos internados em UTIs, identificando a presença ou ausência de DCNTs e seu impacto no tempo médio de internação em tratamento intensivo para pessoas idosas.
Pengaruh Terapi Psikoreligi terhadap Pengendalian Emosional pada Lansia di Kelurahan Legok Kota Jambi
Authors: Putri Vevi Suryenti , Yanti Rahmi Dwi , Suri Martha
Published: September 2023

The increasingly heavy burden of life experienced by almost all people, can cause health problems both physically and psychologically. Psychoreligious therapy that is programmed properly can reduce the psychological burden so that it is effective for emotional control in the elderly. Psychoreligious therapy can be performed on the elderly by training the patient to carry out activities of prayer, remembrance, reading the Qur'an or other books and performing prayer activities. The research design used was a quasi-experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test design. Respondents in this study were all elderly people in RT 17, Legok Village, Jambi City, with a total sample of 20 respondents. Data collection was carried out using purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used the T test. The results showed that psycho-religious therapy had a significant effect on emotional control in the elderly with a p-value = 0.018 (p <0.05). The results showed that psychoreligious therapy had an effect on reducing emotional control scores in the elderly who experienced psychological stress. It is expected that the Putri Ayu Health Center in the field of mental nursing managers will plan to provide psychoreligious therapy to elderly patients on an ongoing basis and make a therapy schedule once every month.
Montażowe formy Wacława Kaźmierczaka
Authors: Cieśliński Marek Kosma
Published: September 2023

Wacław Kaźmierczak (1905-1981) należy do czołowych polskich montażystów kina dokumentalnego. Zdobywszy doświadczenie filmowe przed rokiem 1939 oraz przy dokumentowaniu powstania warszawskiego, po II wojnie światowej współtworzył najważniejsze produkcje Wytwórni Filmów Dokumentalnych w Warszawie i wykształcił wielu następców. W pracy preferował lakoniczne formy i metaforyczne połączenia montażowe; potrafił przykuć i utrzymać uwagę widza. Jego styl ewoluował od perswazyjnych komunikatów politycznych do przekrojowych syntez historycznych, tworzonych z wykorzystaniem materiałów archiwalnych, czego wybitnym przykładem jest pełnometrażowy dokument Requiem dla 500 tysięcy (1963). Jako montażysta odznaczał się pogłębioną znajomością historycznych form prowadzenia narracji filmowej, czemu charakterystyczny wyraz dawał w montowanej przez prawie czterdzieści lat Polskiej Kronice Filmowej. Autor omawia ewolucję stylu Kaźmierczaka i przedstawia jego najbardziej charakterystyczne dzieła.
PENGARUH VARIASI ELEKTRODA TERHADAP HASIL PENGELASAN MATERIAL BESI TUANG
Authors: Pariyanto
Published: September 2023

Struktur mikro akibat perlakuan panas mengikuti proses pengelasan menjadi fokus utama penelitian ini. Selama proses pengelasan besi cor kelabu, bagian-bagian yang dilas terkena panas las lokal. Hasil las besi cor kelabu dengan variasi elektroda antara lain E 7016, E 7018, dan G 4107 lebih unggul dibandingkan las besi cor kelabu dengan ketiga variasi elektroda yang diuji. Ini karena kandungan silikon dari besi cor kelabu berubah selama proses pengelasan, yang mengubah struktur mikronya. Untuk kekuatan tarik saat mengelas dengan elektroda G 4107, diperlukan tegangan tinggi karena panas mengubah sebagian karbon menjadi grafit, memberikan material kekuatan yang lebih ulet. Menggunakan elektroda E 7016, E 7018, dan G 4107, perbedaan grafik perlit dan farit dapat dilihat pada struktur mikro spesimen baik di wilayah HAZ maupun logam induk. Dari contoh uji bahan besi cor redup tanpa perlakuan panas, terjadi peningkatan kekuatan sebesar 8,70%, yaitu sekitar 90,80%〖N/mn〗^2 dari contoh uji yang diberi perlakuan panas dengan pendingin udara. Dan 98,70% untuk benda uji dengan sambungan yang dilakukan dengan cara las.Sedangkan dari material besi tuang kelabu dengan proses heat treatment pada temperature 750℃ selama 60 menit, mengalami peningkatan kekerasan cukup besar yakni berkisar antara 37% dari 90 HR menjadi 140,974 HB.
REKAYASA NILAI PADA PUBLIC FACILITY
Authors: Alfandi Yoris Rizal , Sarasanty Diah , Asmorowati Erna Tri
Published: September 2023

Tujuan dari analisis rekayasa nilai ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menghilangkan biaya- biaya yang tidak diperlukan dari Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) sehingga pemilik proyek dapat menghemat biaya tanpa mengurangi nilai dan fungsi bangunan. Bangunan ini menggunakan struktur baja IWF dengan biaya perencanaan awal sebesar Rp 4.084.940.023,63. Langkah-langkah yang dilakukan meliputi perhitungan struktur dengan kontrol lendutan, kontrol tegangan, dan kuat normal penampang, serta penggunaan profil bajayang lebih kecil. Hasilnya, penghematan yang diperoleh dari memperkecil profil baja IWF adalah sebesar Rp.983.510.841,03 atau 29,32% dari biaya perencanaan item pekerjaan baja. Dengan penelitian ini, diharapkan pemilik proyek dan para pelaksana dapat memahami pentingnya rekayasa nilai dalam mengoptimalkan penggunaan sumber daya terbatas, seperti waktu dan biaya, untuk mencapai hasil yang lebih efisien dan efektif dalam membangun bangunan publik yang bermanfaat bagi masyarakat.
PERENCANAAN JARINGAN IRIGASI AIR TANAH DI DESA BERATWETAN KECAMATAN GEDEG KABUPATEN MOJOKERTO
Authors: Annafi' Ahsanal Mufarrij , Asmorowati Erna Tri , Sarasanty Diah
Published: September 2023

Jaringan irigasi air tanah adalah usaha pengambilan air dari bawah permukaan tanah (mengangkat/memindahkan air dari tempat yang lebih rendah ke tempat yg lebih tinggi) dengan bantuan pompa air, sehingga dapat mendistribusikan air untuk keperluan irigasi. Tujuan irigasi secara langsung adalah membasahi tanah agar dicapai suatu kondisi tanah yang baik untuk pertumbuhan tanaman. Perencanaan jaringan air tanah ini dimulai dengan merencanakan luasan daerah yang diairi berdasarkan pola tata tanam, menganalisis curah hujan efektif, menghitung debit aliran setiap blok lahan yang dialiri, , dan yang terakhir adalah desain rumah pompa bagi sumur Pompa yang telah direncanakan. Hasil perencanaan yang diperoleh adalah sebuah lahan pertanian dengan luas 15,60 ha yang dibagi menjadi 27 petak dan 27 titik outlet. Debit yang yang diperlukan oleh seluruh lahan pertanian adalah sebesar 6,88 m3/det. Dalam pendistribusian dari sumur air tanah ke reservoir menggunakan pipa PVC 3 inci dengan panjang pipa 323,38 meter, sedangkan pendistribusian air dari reservoir menuju lahan dengan menggunakan jaringan yang sudah ada.
PENGARUH KIRIGAMI TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK HALUS ANAK KELOMPOK B3 TK ISLAM NU KOTA PALANGKA RAYA TAHUN AJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: Adminpintarharati
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAK

Motorik halus adalah pengorganisasian penggunakaan otot-otot kecil seperti jari jemari dan tangan, keterampilan yang mencangkup pemanfaatan menggunakan alat-alat untuk mengerjakan suatu objek. Manfaat kegiatan kirigami untuk mengembangkan keterampilan motorik halus seperti menggerakan jari-jemari anak, koordinasi mata dan tangan, dan konsentrasi melalui beberapa teknik dalam membuat kirigami yaitu melipat kertas origami, membuat pola garis dan menggunting.  Penelitian ini melibatkan 22 anak pada kelompok B3 TK Islam NU Kota Palangka Raya.Pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dalam bentuk penilaian, dan dokumentasi serta dianalisis dengan teknik statistik uji-t.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kirigami terhadap kemampuan motorik halus anak. Hasil penelitian diperoleh dari perhitungan uji-t dengan nilai   sebesar 13,28 dibandingkan dengan    taraf signifikasi 5% dengan dk = N-1 = 21 maka  nilai    adalah 2,080, yang berarti   (13,28) >  (2,080). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka  ditolak dan   diterima.Artinya terdapat pengaruh kirigami terhadap kemampuan motorik halus anak kelompok B3 di TK Islam NU Kota Palangka Raya Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020.

 

Kata Kunci: Motorik Halus, Kirigami, Anak Usia Dini
STUDI PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN ANAK USIA DINI DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 DI NANGA BULIK KABUPATEN LAMANDAU TAHUN AJARAN 2020/2021
Authors: Adminpintarharati
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAK

Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini adalah salah satu upaya pembinaan yang ditujukan kepada anak sejak lahir sampai usia enam tahun, yang dilakukan melaui pemberian rangsangan pendidikan untuk membantu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan jasmani dan rohani agar anak memiliki kesiapan dalam memasuki pendidikan lebih lanjut. Pembelajaran bagi anak  dilaksanakan di dalam kelas dengan guru sebagai pengajarnya. Namun dalam kondisi pandemi Covid-19 ini anak diharuskan belajar dari rumah saja dan pembelajaran bisa dilakukan secara daring (dalam jaringan) atau online, atau secara luring (luar jaringan) atau offline misalnya dengan kunjungan rumah.

            Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif menggunakan triangulasi sumber, yaitu guru, orang tua, dan anak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pembelajaran bagi anak usia dini selama pandemi baik dukungan maupun yang dihadapi selama proses pembelajaran di masa pandemi ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada guru dari dua  TK yang berbeda, orang tua anak,  dan anak, dengan pengambilan data dilakukan dengan : angket, wawancara, observasi.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran dapat terlaksana dengan baik sesuai dengan perencanaan pembelajaran yang dituangkan dalam RPPH yang sudah disesuaikan dengan kondisi masa pandemi, TKN Pembina melaksanakan pembelajaran secara kombinasi antara daring dan kunjungan ke rumah, sedangkan TK Melati melaksanakan pembelajaran secara daring, dan juga  kunjungan ke rumah bagi  anak yang tidak mengumpulkan tugasnya. Hambatan yang dihadapi pada pembelajaran yaitu pada jaringan internet yang kurang baik, ketersediaan paket data internet, kurangnya minat anak belajar,  ada orang tua yang awalnya  menggunakan handphone non android, orang tua yang sulit membagikan waktunya mendampingi anak belajar, kemampuana orang tua dalam membimbing anak belajar yang masih kurang, keterbatasan media pembelajaran, cuaca yang kurang mendukung pada saat kunjungan ke rumah, dan adanya rasa  kekhawatiran terhadap penyebaran Covid-19. Sedangkan dukungan dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran yaitu semangat guru dan orang tua yang cukup tinggi, adanya tenggang waktu yang cukup petunjuk yang jelas dalam pembelajaran dan  penyelesaian tugas anak, serta adanya bantuan dari pemerintah berupa buku, alat tulis, fasilitas wifi,  serta dana BOP dari Pusat.

 

Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran, Covid 19, Anak Usia Dini.
PENGARUH MENGGAMBAR BEBAS TERHADAP KREATIVITAS ANAK KELOMPOK B DI TK GARING TARANTANG DESA TUMBANG MANGGU KABUPATEN KATINGAN
Authors: Adminpintarharati
Published: September 2023

Menggambar bebas merupakan kegiatan menggambar yang memberikan kebebasan seluas-luasnya kepada anak dalam menggambar sesuai dengan imajinasi anak dan merupakan perwujudan ungkapan perasaan tertentu.  Kreativitas merupakan kemampuan seseorang untuk menciptakan suatu hal baru, mengubah, atau memodifikasi sesuatu yang pernah ada sebelumnya sehingga menghasilkan sesuatu yang unik. Berdasarkan pengamatan yang dilakukan di TK Garing Tarantang Desa Tumbang Manggu bahwa kreativitas anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Garing Tarantang Desa Tumbang Manggu masih rendah. Dengan menggambar bebas diharapkan  kreativitas anak akan meningkat menjadi lebih baik lagi.  

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh kegiatan menggambar bebas terhadap kreativitas anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Garing Tarantang Desa Tumbang Manggu. Penelitian adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan lembar observasi. Observasi dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali yaitu sebelum treatment (pre-test) dan sesudah treatment (post-test). Dari pembandingan total skor pada pre-test dan post-test, terdapat peningkatan skor pada post test, yaitu dari skor 122 pada pre-test menjdi 159 pada post test

Kemudian data hasil penelitian tersebut diuji menggunakan uji-t, diperoleh bahwa  sebesar 9,880 sedangkan  dengan taraf signifikan 5% (0,05) dan d.b = N-1 = 16-1 = 15 adalah sebesar 2,131.  Dengan demikian  (9,880) >  (2,131). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima berarti terdapat pengaruh kegiatan menggambar bebas terhadap kreativitas anak kelompok B  TK Garing Tarantang Desa Tumbang Manggu.

 

Kata kunci: Menggambar bebas, kreativitas, anak usia dini, TK
Estimated glomerular filtration rate and serum neurofilament light chain: Insight from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Liu Jiangwen
Published: September 2023

The neurofilament light chain is a protein biomarker associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Neurofilament light chain levels may increase as kidney function declines due to reduced clearance. However, the relationship between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) has not been extensively studied. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the association between eGFR and sNfL levels. Health survey data from 2071 eligible participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used in three multivariate-adjusted weighted linear regression models to analyze the correlation between eGFR and sNfL. Subsequently, segmental linear regression analysis was employed to determine the inflection point of eGFR. Finally, through subgroup analysis, we aimed to assess the impact of all covariates on the association between eGFR and sNfL. According to our results, sNfL levels decreased as eGFR increased. The segmental linear regression model analysis identified an inflection point at 59.9. When eGFR reached 59.9 or exceeded it, each unit increase in eGFR was associated with a 1 pg/mL decrease in sNfL (β = −0.1, P = 0.01). Furthermore, subgroup analysis revealed that hypertension exhibited a significant interaction with the association between eGFR and sNfL (P = 0.01). These findings suggest that eGFR holds promise as a potential marker for neurodegenerative disorders, and hypertension could affect this association to some extent. Moreover, these results could have significant implications for the early detection and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases in patients with kidney disease. However, further research is needed to corroborate these results and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Re-conceptualizing music education in the older adult life course: A qualitative meta-synthesis
Authors: Laes Tuulikki , Creech Andrea
Published: September 2023

The Seoul Agenda by UNESCO has set goals to develop arts education, ensuring that learners from all social backgrounds have lifelong access to arts education in a wide range of community and institutional settings. However, the purpose of lifelong learning for individuals beyond labor-market age has been largely overlooked, making it challenging to convince institutions, funders, and policymakers of its worth. The value accorded to the complex forms of lifelong learning in later life and the widely recognized health impacts of music on aging body and brain are the principal considerations to take into account when studying the effects of music education on older adults. In this study, we address the state-of-the-art research concerning older adults and music education in studies published in major peer-reviewed music education journals since the Seoul Agenda by UNESCO. We present the findings from a systematic literature review, followed by a qualitative meta-synthesis, focusing on the values, beliefs, and key concepts conveyed in the included studies. The findings of this study indicate that older adults are often portrayed narrowly and stereotypically, corroborating the issues in the sociology of aging. Our study highlights insights into the conceptualizations of music learning and participation in later life course and what these might mean for the policy and practice of later-life music education and the educational opportunities for older adults more broadly.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR PPKN PADA KURIKULUM MERDEKA MATERI MEMBANGUN JATI DIRI DALAM KEBINEKAAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA AUDIO-VISUAL UNTUK SISWA KELAS IV SDN 2 SADANG
Authors: Salsabilla Muftia , Aditia Ismaya Erik , Shokib Rondli Wawan
Published: September 2023

This study uses the student team achievement (STAD) model and audio-visual media to increase Civics learning in Merdeka Class IV at SDN 2 Sadang. This research uses the student team achievement (STAD) model and audio-visual medium to improve civics learning in unit 3 "Building Identity in Diversity" in fourth graders at SDN 2 Sadang. Class Action Research was conducted in SDN 2 Sadang class IV with 20 students. The research took place during II Cycle, which includes planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The independent variables are STAD and Audio Visual Media. Related variable is Learning Outcomes. This study collected data through interviews, observation, testing, and documentation. Quantitative and qualitative data are analysed. The knowledge learning results of pupils rose from cycle I (55% to cycle II 80%). Cycle II teacher abilities grew 83% from cycle I (71%). Student learning activities increased from cycle I (68%) to cycle II (82%). Based on research in class IV at SDN 2 Sadang, civics learning outcomes in the autonomous curriculum on creating identity in diversity utilising audio-visual media for fourth graders have increased. Researchers recommend
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK SEKOLAH DASAR PADA PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN
Authors: M Choirul Muzaini
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an effect of a Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model on student learning outcomes in civic education learning. This research method is a pre-experimental type of one-group pretest-postest with a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques are through observation, tests, and documentation. Based on the results of the n-gain test, there are 6 students or 46% of students in Citizenship Education learning there is an increase with very satisfying criteria, while 3 students or 23% of students there is an increase with standard criteria, and 1 student or 8% of students there is an increase with low criteria, while 3 students or 23% of students there is an increase with stagnant criteria. The n-gain value obtained an average magnitude of 0.6, thus learning Citizenship Education has increased with standard criteria. So a red thread can be drawn in this study, that the Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model has an influence on the learning outcomes of Citizenship Education for students.
PENGARUH MODEL COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE JIGSAW BERBANTUAN MEDIA SCRAPBOOK TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA PESERTA DIDIK DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Mohamad Fikri Maulana  , Dindin M.Z.M  , Feby Inggriyani
Published: September 2023

The background of this study is the difficulty in improving speaking skills, the average value of students' speaking skills at SDN Cileunyi 3 in learning under the KKM, because there are students who lack confidence when speaking, learning tools are not maximal when teaching, delivering material by lecturing , learning is focused on educators, therefore when the learning process of students tends to become monotonous. Based on this, it is necessary to have a learning model so that students must interact more with their friends and teachers in learning so that they become accustomed to speaking and communicating. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning learning model. The method used in this study is a quasi-experimental quasi-experimental research method. The design used is the control group design. Data collection techniques through tests, observation, and documentation. The tests used used the pretest and posttest which were used as data on students' speaking skills. The sample used was class IV-A as the experimental class using the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning model and class IV-B as the control class using the Conventional model. Data processing techniques were carried out using the normality test, homogeneity test, independent sample t test, NGain test and effect size test assisted by IBM SPSS Statistic 25 software. Based on the research results, an overview of the learning process was obtained using the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning Type assisted learning model. media scrapbook. There is a big influence on the use of the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning learning model with a value of 1.8 in the effect size test and a significant value of 0.000 through the Independent Sample T-Test.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISWA KELAS III SD 3 TENGGELES
Authors: Fariza Sauqi Mahmada  , F.Shoufika Hilyana  , Khamdun
Published: September 2023

This study aims to identify that there is influence and improvement in the Discovery Learning Learning Model on Science Learning Outcomes for class III SD 3 Tenggeles.The problem in this research is motivated by the lack of understanding of students in receiving learning material and the lack of understanding of students in a reading, this is because students' reading literacy is still low. This of course can affect learning outcomes in grade 3 students in science content. This study aims to identify the effect of the discovery learning model assisted by concrete media on the science learning outcomes of third grade students at SD 3 Tenggeles. This research method is a quantitative pre-experimental design. The population of this research were all class III students, totaling 22 students.
General overview of the Risk factors, Pathogenesis, and Combined treatments for Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT)
Authors: Srivastav Yash , Prajapati Akhandnath , Meera Kumari , Madhaw Kumar
Published: September 2023

In regions of the world where iodine is abundant, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, also known as Hashimoto's disease or autoimmune thyroiditis, is the most prevalent cause of hypothyroidism. It is a chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland. It is characterized by autoimmune-mediated thyroid gland destruction, which results in progressive thyroid failure, either with or without goiter formation. In young to middle-aged women, Hashimoto's thyroiditis typically starts as a painless, diffuse, firm thyroid gland enlargement that progresses to hypothyroidism. Many people don't initially exhibit hypothyroidism, and some don't even have a goiter or may have an atrophic thyroid gland. Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), also known as chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, is an inflammatory condition that is characterized by parenchymal atrophy, fibrosis, and diffuse lymphocytic infiltration. being the main source of primary hypothyroidism in regions with adequate iodine. With the help of various criteria, such as physical examination, blood tests for thyroid hormone levels (TSH is low, T3 and T4 are tall, for example), serum cholesterol and triglycerides, blood glucose, and radioactive iodine uptake, it is possible to distinguish between infections and clutter. According to estimates from several thyroid disease studies, 42 million persons in India are estimated to have the ailment. The pathogenesis causes, risk factors and combination therapy linked to Hashimoto's thyroiditis are discussed in this review study.
Skubioji pagalba vaikams astmos paūmėjimo metu
Authors: Jankauskaitė Lina , Oniūnaitė Urtė
Published: September 2023

Astma vaikų amžiuje yra viena dažniausių lėtinių uždegiminių kvėpavimo takų ligų. Astmos paūmėjimas – tai staigus astmos simptomų paūmėjimas, kuris neretai sukelia respiracinį distresą. Dažnai įprastas gydymasastmos paūmėjimo metu gali būti neveiksmingas, todėl tokiu atveju vaikai kreipiasi į vaikų skubiosios pagalbos skyrių. Pagrindiniai astmos paūmėjimo veiksniai yra įvairūs. Virusinės kvėpavimo takų infekcijos – vienos dažniausių provokacinių veiksnių. Kiti veiksniai: alergenai, oro užterštumas, rūkymas, bloga astmos kontrolė. Astmos paūmėjimo metu pagalbos eiga – greitas ir objektyvus simptomų įvertinimas bei tiksli diferencinė diagnostika, tinkamai skirtas medikamentinis gydymas ir gyvybinių funkcijų užtikrinimas, siekiant pagerinti oksigenaciją, sumažinti respiracinio distreso simptomus bei ligos atkryčio riziką, būklės vertinimas dinamikoje, pagalbos teikimas pagal stebimą būklę, tolesnio gydymo plano sudarymas. Pagrindiniai astmos paūmėjimo gydymo principai: hipoksemijos korekcija, bronchospazmo sumažinimas, kvėpavimo takų uždegimo valdymas, būklės vertinimas dinamikoje, tolesnio gydymo stacionare indikacijų vertinimas, kitas gydymas (pvz., antipiretikai, pakankamo skysčių kiekio užtikrinimas), tolesnių paciento veiksmų planas. Po astmos paūmėjimo pacientą išleidžiant į namus, būtina suformuluoti aiškias ir tikslias tolesnes rekomendacijas, ką ir kaip vartoti namuose, kada kreiptis į šeimos gydytoją arba gydytoją specialistą.
Z Březnických. Typologický rozbor knižních vazeb středověkých kodexů z augustiniánských klášterů v Roudnici a Sadské
Authors: Novotný Jan , Bártová Kateřina
Published: September 2023

The survey of medieval book bindings in the National Museum Library has focused on a group of codices from Augustinian monasteries in Roudnice nad Labem, Sadská and Jaroměř. The research methodology is based on accurate terminology, form processing and photographic documentation of medieval bindings. When determining the origin of codices, attention is paid to the characteristic features of the bindings, which can be an indicator of provenance. The Roudnice codices can be identified based on the craftsmanship of the metal elements and their compositional concept. Roudnice bindings have been divided into several groups according to the shape and finish of the corner and central pieces. Similarity in bookbinding processing, decoration technique, the use of identical structural and typological elements and materials of the same quality distinguish the Roudnice codices from contemporary domestic bindings.
Ubytovali jsme se u Turka. Amandus Polanus a jeho návštěva rudolfinské Prahy v létě 1591
Authors: Vaculínová Marta , Samojská Kateřina
Published: September 2023

Amandus Polanus from Opava, later professor of theology at the University of Basel, visited Prague several times. In his diary, preserved in the University Library in Basel, he describes his visit to Prague in August 1591 in considerable detail. The diary entry informs us that Polanus stayed at Prague Castle at the inn of Hans Turek. He had a thorough tour of the castle with all its buildings and gardens, and he even had the opportunity to see Emperor Rudolf II coming out of the cathedral. Polanus also paid attention to the two royal game reserves, Stromovka and Hvězda. His descriptions of the Imperial Mill, which was being built at the time, and its surroundings are very useful for art-history research.
The Impact of a Global Englishes Course on Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Teaching English as a Global Language
Authors: Bukhari S.A
Published: September 2023

In this study I aimed to investigate the impact of a Global Englishes for Language Teaching course on teachers’ attitudes towards teaching English as a global language. I employed an intervention research design to make a comparison between a control group and an intervention group. Forty-four Saudi preservice and inservice teachers participated in the study. The findings of the pre-questionnaire for both groups showed positive attitudes towards global perspectives on English language teaching and a slight attachment to traditional perspectives on English language teaching. The statistically significant difference between the pre-questionnaire and post-questionnaire of the intervention group showed the Global Englishes course could raise the intervention group’s appreciation of global perspectives on English language teaching and encourage a willingness to detach from traditional perspectives on English language teaching.
Writing Skills Problems: Causes and Solutions
Authors: ELbashir Bashir
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this research was to discover the problems of writing skills that General Foundation Programme (GFP) students have and to come up with effective solutions. In Feb 2023, the study was carried out at A'Sharqiyah University, Oman. A descriptive study approach (content analysis) was adopted by the researcher. 36 GFP students were chosen at random and instructed to compose a paragraph of 100–120 words on a certain topic. Six GFP instructors had marked the essays of the students twice; to identify errors made by students. The study found that students struggle with the selection of words, punctuation marks, spelling, capitalization, verb tenses and the structure of sentences, when writing. Following those conclusions, various recommendations were made. For example, students should read a lot because it improves their vocabulary, grammatical skills, and general understanding. Additionally, the writing instructor should place more emphasis on the good aspects of students' work rather than their shortcomings.
Desarrollo de Competencias y Compromiso Escolar: Una Mirada desde la Diversidad en el Aula
Authors: Montañez Albarracín Julie Maitreya , Castro Salazar Magret
Published: September 2023

El presente escrito reflexivo centra sus intereses en la consideración de la diversidad en el aula como una de las características inherentes, en donde resulta fundamental que pese al abordaje de discapacidades o de otras particularidades, se priorice el desarrollo de variables favorecedoras del proceso educativo.  Partiendo del análisis de concepciones de autores como Núñez, Quijano, Zompero, Monje y Shernoff, entre otros; se resalta la importancia de tener en cuenta a las competencias y al compromiso escolar, como dos de los elementos trascendentes en la educación que tiene lugar en el aula diversa y que debe atender a todas las dimensiones del ser humano. El artículo pretende movilizar al lector hacia la visión más holística de la diversidad en la educación, dejando de lado la perspectiva reduccionista de la misma y motivando hacia el despliegue de estrategias que optimicen el proceso de formación del estudiante y que consideren tanto al compromiso escolar como a las competencias que trascienden de lo cognitivo, como fundamentales en este.
Determinación de Costos y su Efecto en la Rentabilidad del Centro de Diagnóstico por Imagen Mundo de Imágenes S.A.
Authors: Barreto Zúñiga William Wladimir , Andrade Moreira Natalia Geoconda , Cedeño Cedeño Liuva Lisbeth , Uriña Arana María Belén
Published: September 2023

Se ha identificado que la microempresa Mundo de Imágenes S.A, desconoce los costos reales de los servicios que oferta en el mercado, por tanto, carece de un buen control de costos, ante este escenario se ha considerado necesario realizar una investigación que tiene por objetivo “Proponer un sistema de costeo para el Centro de Diagnóstico por Imagen “Mundo de Imágenes S.A”, que permita mejorar su rentabilidad”. La metodología, comprende un enfoque cuantitativo, investigación descriptiva y método deductivo – analíticos, pues adicionalmente se realizará el cálculo de ratios financieros , se recurre a una documentación debido a que recopiló información financiera el área contable de la organización. En conclusión, luego de cuantificar los costos, fue posible conocer que las fortalezas de la Microempresa Mundo de Imágenes S.A, son servicios centralizados entre los cuales se enlistan Eco, Tac, Rx, Mamografía, Densitometría ósea, Buen nombre, Imágenes digitalizadas, Calidad de imágenes e interpretación de resultados, lo cual, permitió que creciera en el año 2021 tras el inicio de sus operaciones, mientras que sus oportunidades son aprovechar la nueva tecnología en digitalización, ganar mercado en otras ciudades de la región.
Análisis Jurídico de la Impugnación del Documento de Finiquito ante el Juez de Trabajo
Authors: Soto Salazar Esthefania Anamilet , Jumbo Castillo Jean Carlos , Peña Armijos Guido Ecuador
Published: September 2023

En el presente artículo realizamos un análisis jurídico de la impugnación de documento de finiquito ante el Juez de Trabajo, ya que consideramos que la impugnación al acta de finiquito es una acción inconstitucional por cuanto vulnera principios y derechos establecidos en la Constitución de la República del Ecuador, tales como el derecho a la seguridad jurídica, derecho al debido proceso y al ser escuchado en el momento oportuno y en igualdad de condiciones; y principios como el de simplificación, eficacia, inmediación, celeridad y economía procesal. Dado que la finalidad del documento de finiquito es dejar extinta la relación laboral, la misma que enfatiza que las partes declaran y aceptan que el empleador queda libre de cualquier responsabilidad laboral. Para poder determinar dicha inconstitucionalidad analizamos la definición del documento de finiquito, requisitos, tramite, estructura y la impugnación a la misma; al igual que analizamos la importancia del Inspector del Trabajo en este tipo de trámites y establecimos cuales eran sus facultades y competencias como órgano regular por parte del gobierno. De igual manera determinamos la importancia y el valor de los precios y derechos constitucionales antes mencionados que son infringidos a través de este tipo de acciones. Para esta investigación utilizamos métodos como el exegético, hermenéutico, analítico y descriptivo; ya que de esta manera estudiamos las normas jurídicas pertenecientes a nuestra investigación como lo es Código del Trabajo y la Constitución, permitiéndonos determinar la inconstitucionalidad de la impugnación del documento de finiquito ante un Juez de Trabajo.
Contemporary Analysis of Louis Vuitton Moët Hennessy: Strategic Variables Affecting the Business Performance
Authors: Maglaya Rommel
Published: September 2023

This report concentrates on LVMH, the largest producer of luxury goods globally. Moreover, this paper explores the three prevailing strategic variables which collectively affect the business performance of LVMH. LVMH, a company that operates across various sectors such as fashion and leather goods, perfumes and cosmetics, watches and jewellery, and wines and spirits, is subject to various strategic influences that have implications for its operations and expansion. Furthermore, this report aims to determine an appropriate strategy to tackle the conditions faced by LVMH, relying upon the strategic management concepts, frameworks, and models presented in the class. Ultimately, this paper recommends that LVMH should implement diversified strategies to effectively address the preferences of the younger generation and their customer base. The strategy should leverage technological progress and the prevailing patterns that impact the sales and manufacturing of commodities. To enhance its success, LVMH should consider investing in more effective management practises. It should consider targeting a wide range of demographic groups. LVMH could enhance its market reach and alleviate consumer research efforts by broadening its retail distribution channels and offering luxury-priced merchandise. The implementation of the suggested strategies should be carried out in a synchronised manner while embracing a prolonged outlook.
Сеять надежду. Коллективные хозяйства и органы власти Ленинградской области против войны
Authors: Pasechnikov A. A.
Published: September 2023

В данной книге исследуется роль организаторской работы в деятельности колхозов Ленинградской области во время Великой Отечественной войны. Основное внимание уделяется организации и структуре колхозов, а также проблемам, с которыми они сталкивались, и вызовам, которые им приходилось преодолевать во время войны. Также рассматривается важная роль местных партийных органов власти в поддержке и стимулировании колхозного движения. Анализируются меры, предпринимаемые партийными органами, исследуются материальные стимулы и поощрения, используемые для повышения производительности труда. Особое внимание уделяется специфике организации труда крестьян в процессе производства зерна и восстановления животноводства. Книга представляет собой важное исследование, которое поможет лучше понять роль колхозов во время войны и их значимость в обеспечении продовольственной безопасности страны.
EVOLUTION OF REGULATORY MODELS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH DATA ECOSYSTEMS FROM A LINKED DEMOCRACY PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Lokshina Izabella , Lanting Cees
Published: September 2023

Public healthcare is a data-intensive environment that manages ever-increasing volumes of biomedical data resulting from medical data-generating technologies. In this paper, the authors discuss strategies to regulate the collection and use of biomedical data and metadata to build sustainable public health data ecosystems; this can assist citizens to get control of dataflows by defining identity in the public domain and shaping the capacity to use the web of data: get access to healthcare services and receive benefits and appropriate care. The authors suggest that a strategy based on the linked democracy governance model and safeguards, implemented through the meta-rule of law, enables better design of regulatory tools to handle semantically driven data flows. This strategy ties well in with models of deliberative and epistemic democracy, focused on relationships between people, data, and institutions. The authors investigate privacy, security, and data protection issues, applying existing ethical and legal frameworks for public health data and the theory of justice; they discuss the implementation of strategies to articulate the public domain and propose intermediate, anchoring institutions at the meso-level by building ontologies, selecting technical functionalities and algorithms, and embedding protections of the rule of law into specific public health data ecosystems.
Probing the Conditions for the H i-to-H2 Transition in the Interstellar Medium
Authors: Park Gyueun , Lee Min-Young , Bialy Shmuel , Burkhart Blakesley , Dawson J. R. , Heiles Carl , Li Di , Murray Claire , Nguyen Hiep , Hafner Anita , Rybarczyk Daniel R. , Stanimirović Snežana
Published: September 2023

We investigate the conditions for the H i-to-H2 transition in the solar neighborhood by analyzing H i emission and absorption measurements toward 58 Galactic lines of sight (LOSs) along with 12CO(1–0) (CO) and dust data. Based on the accurate column densities of the cold and warm neutral medium (CNM and WNM), we first perform a decomposition of gas into atomic and molecular phases, and show that the observed LOSs are mostly H i-dominated. In addition, we find that the CO-dark H2, not the optically thick H i, is a major ingredient of the dark gas in the solar neighborhood. To examine the conditions for the formation of CO-bright molecular gas, we analyze the kinematic association between H i and CO, and find that the CNM is kinematically more closely associated with CO than the WNM. When CNM components within CO line widths are isolated, we find the following characteristics: spin temperature < 200 K, peak optical depth > 0.1, CNM fraction of ∼0.6, and V-band dust extinction > 0.5 mag. These results suggest that CO-bright molecular gas preferentially forms in environments with high column densities where the CNM becomes colder and more abundant. Finally, we confront the observed CNM properties with the steady-state H2 formation model of Sternberg et al. and infer that the CNM must be clumpy with a small volume filling factor. Another possibility would be that missing processes in the model, such as cosmic-rays and gas dynamics, play an important role in the H i-to-H2 transition.
The Relationship between IGM Lyα Opacity and Galaxy Density near the End of Reionization
Authors: Christenson Holly M. , Becker George D. , D’Aloisio Anson , Davies Frederick B. , Zhu Yongda , Boera Elisa , Nasir Fahad , Furlanetto Steven R. , Malkan Matthew A.
Published: September 2023

Observed scatter in the Lyα opacity of quasar sightlines at z < 6 has motivated measurements of the correlation between Lyα opacity and galaxy density, as models that predict this scatter make strong and sometimes opposite predictions for how they should be related. Our previous work associated two highly opaque Lyα troughs at z ∼ 5.7 with a deficit of Lyα emitting galaxies (LAEs). In this work, we survey two of the most highly transmissive lines of sight at this redshift toward the z = 6.02 quasar SDSS J1306+0356 and the z = 6.17 quasar PSO J359-06. We find that both fields are underdense in LAEs within 10 h
−1 Mpc of the quasar sightline, somewhat less extensive than underdensities associated with Lyα troughs. We combine our observations with three additional fields from the literature and find that while fields with extreme opacities are generally underdense, moderate opacities span a wider density range. The results at high opacities are consistent with models that invoke UV background fluctuations and/or late reionization to explain the observed scatter in intergalactic medium (IGM) Lyα opacities. There is tension at low opacities, however, as the models tend to associate lower IGM Lyα opacities with higher densities. Although the number of fields surveyed is still small, the low-opacity results may support a scenario in which the ionizing background in low-density regions increases more rapidly than some models suggest after becoming ionized. Elevated gas temperatures from recent reionization may also be making these regions more transparent.
Small Region, Big Impact: Highly Anisotropic Lyman-continuum Escape from a Compact Starburst Region with Extreme Physical Properties
Authors: Kim Keunho J. , Bayliss Matthew B. , Rigby Jane R. , Gladders Michael D. , Chisholm John , Sharon Keren , Dahle Håkon , Rivera-Thorsen T. Emil , Florian Michael K. , Khullar Gourav , Mahler Guillaume , Mainali Ramesh , Napier Kate A. , Navarre Alexander , Owens M. Riley , Roberson Joshua
Published: September 2023

Extreme, young stellar populations are considered to be the primary contributor to cosmic reionization. How the Lyman continuum (LyC) escapes these galaxies remains highly elusive, and it is challenging to observe this process in actual LyC emitters without resolving the relevant physical scales. We investigate the Sunburst Arc, a strongly lensed LyC emitter at z = 2.37 that reveals an exceptionally small-scale (tens of parsecs) region of high LyC escape. The small (<100 pc) LyC-leaking region has extreme properties: a very blue UV slope (β = −2.9 ± 0.1), a high ionization state ([O iii] λ5007/[O ii] λ3727 = 11 ± 3 and [O iii] λ5007/Hβ = 6.8 ± 0.4), strong oxygen emission (EW([O iii]) = 1095 ± 40 Å), and a high Lyα escape fraction (0.3 ± 0.03), none of which are found in nonleaking regions of the galaxy. The leaking region’s UV slope is consistent with approximately “pure” stellar light that is minimally contaminated by the surrounding nebular continuum emission or extinguished by dust. These results suggest a highly anisotropic LyC escape process such that LyC is produced and escapes from a small, extreme starburst region where the stellar feedback from an ionizing star cluster creates one or more “pencil-beam” channels in the surrounding gas through which LyC can directly escape. Such anisotropic escape processes imply that random sight-line effects drive the significant scatters between measurements of galaxy properties and LyC escape fraction, and that strong lensing is a critical tool for resolving the processes that regulate the ionizing budget of galaxies for reionization.
Gear Up for the Action Replay: Leveraging Lensing for Enhanced Gravitational-wave Early Warning
Authors: Magare Sourabh , Kapadia Shasvath J. , More Anupreeta , Singh Mukesh Kumar , Ajith Parameswaran , Ramprakash A. N.
Published: September 2023

Premerger gravitational-wave (GW) sky localization of binary neutron star (BNS) and neutron star–black hole (NSBH) coalescence events would enable telescopes to capture precursors and electromagnetic (EM) emissions around the time of the merger. We propose an astrophysical scenario that could provide early-warning times of hours to days before coalescence with subarcsecond localization, provided that these events are gravitationally lensed. The key idea is that if the BNS/NSBH is lensed, then so is the host galaxy identified via the EM counterpart. From the angular separation of the lensed host galaxy images, as well as its redshift and the (foreground) lens redshift, we demonstrate that, for galaxy-scale lenses, we can predict the time delays/arrival time differences assuming a standard lens model. We further assess the feasibility and benefits of lensing as a tool for early warning in various GW observing runs of the LIGO–Virgo–Kagra network, including Voyager and the third-generation network. To that end, we study the effect of the limited angular resolution of the telescopes on our ability to predict the time delays. We find that with an angular resolution of 0.05″ we can predict time delays of >1 day with 1σ error bar of

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(hours) at best. We also construct realistic time delay distributions of detectable lensed BNSs/NSBHs to forecast the early-warning times we might expect in the observing scenarios we consider.