bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The distribution of public equipments and its impact on the public service: case of the city of ammi Moussa, department of Relizane in Algeria
Authors: Hadji Abdelkader , Feloussia Lahcene
Published: September 2022

The city constitutes a center of human activity, and a base for a set of equipments and structures, which contribute in one way or another to the organization and creation of a population dynamic between it and surrounding centers and hence to the organization of the city itself. The needs and requirements of society vary from primary needs (education and health) to administrative, cultural and economic needs for an organized social life. Each category of needs is linked to social and economic norms, in particular the spatial characteristics, the scale of land consumption and the principles of sedentarization.This research aims to know the distribution of public equipments and its consistency with the demographic and urban growth of the city, and to show the quality of the public service of the facilities and its impact on the population, this is how the State strives to create equipment and distribute it in accordance with laws and decrees, including the theoretical equipment grid. The origin of the city of Ammi Moussa dates back to French colonialism, where it was founded as a prefecture in 1850, affiliated with the province of Oran, it is since 1984 that it has become the prefecture of the city by Relizane. The study included the different public facilities of the city, which were created and distributed under certain political, economic and social conditions, and in different periods. By comparing it with the theoretical standards of network equipment, it was found that they were incompatible, which led to an attack on the public service and the general organization of the city. , where it has experienced increasing population growth and difficulty in resisting the increasing pressure on the urban center, which contains most of the public amenities and facilities, which has caused a clear imbalance in its spatial organization. Therefore, the following question can be asked: how can the distribution of public facilities in the city play a role in the organization of its general urban space?
Implementation of Government Policies in Handling Covid 19 in Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) Regency
Authors: Alam M. Ilyas Panji , Suatmiati Sri , Hayatuddin Khalisah
Published: September 2022

COVID-19 is a global pandemic that certainly raises concerns for various groups, especially among the community. Since being designated by WHO as a global pandemic, the management of handling COVID-19 has become a challenge for countries with limited resources and health care systems. This study aims to study the positive laws governing the handling of covid 19 and the implementation of the policies of the Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) district government. The data used in this research is secondary data, which consists of basic law and secondary legal material which is the result of relevant legal research in the form of journals, books, and scientific works on the internet. Literature study is used as a technique to obtain data, which is then processed by descriptive analysis which is a method to get conclusions. The results showed that the implementation of government policies in handling covid 19 in Ogan Komering Ilir Regency had been responded to and carried out well through the issuance ofRegulation of the Regent of Ogan Komering Ilir Regency No. 39 Year 2020 concerning the Implementation of Discipline and Law Enforcement of Health Protocols as an Effort for Prevention and Control of Corona Virus Disease 19 in Ogan Komering Ilir Regency and Ogan Komering Ilir Regent Regulation Number 63 of 2020 concerning Adaptation of New Habits Towards a Productive and Safe Society in the Situation of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid- 19
Albanian language in public use
Authors: Dulaj Fridrik
Published: September 2022

For many years linguistic studies have been seen started to see in different views. Technological changes, like information and telecommunication are affecting also Albanian language. Our purpose on this paper is to make visible those linguistic development that came from commercial enterprises. In order to be more competitive in Kosovo’s market or maybe to be closer with costumers they are using the same language as in advertisings ex. N’ETC krejt iki (you have got all in ETC), Nuk a shefiktu (the boss is not here), O babpo del uji mi tok(hej dad the water is over the ground) etc. Or like it is shown in commercial enterprises. Familjadhemiqt (friends and family).N’trip, Merrebubinhinn’trip( take the puppy in the trip) Ipkonejaoshtknej (the party is here), hej, zog mobile (bird mobile), folshlire (talk free), hej! Eshte cool! (is cool) 4.5 cent, mos e nal me krejt! ( for only 4.5 cent don’t stop with all), hej! Evente, hej! (Hej events) Apps. The source for this paper are ads on TV.
Auditing cybersecurity risks considering the information renaissance and its impact on the continuity of companies
Authors: Wahhab Asaad Mohammed Ali , Jawad Baneen Hassoun , Alajeli Emad Hamza Abd
Published: September 2022

The research aims to identify the role of the external auditor in auditing cybersecurity risks and the size of the cybersecurity risks to which Iraqi companies are exposed and to determine the procedures of the external auditor and Iraqi audit offices in auditing cybersecurity risks and their adequacy, in addition to knowing the impact of cybersecurity risks on the continuity of Iraqi companies. Eighty-five questionnaires were distributed to a sample of external auditors in auditing offices who have experience auditing electronic accounting systems in Iraq, and 77 questionnaires were retrieved from them that are valid for analysis using the SPSS statistical program. There is a relative development in the use of electronic accounting and administrative systems by Iraqi joint stock companies. There is a clear impact on the continuity of companies due to cybersecurity risks that cannot be avoided, as well as the lack of sufficient experience among many work teams in audit offices to audit cybersecurity risks.
The Acculturation Dynamics of the Sekaten Tradition in Modern Indonesia
Authors: Karim Abdul , Raya Moch. Khafidz Fuad
Published: September 2022

This article examines the socio-religious dynamics behind the traditional sekaten held by two large palaces (keraton) of Javanese (Surakarta keraton and Yogyakarta keraton). This phenomenon is unique. Sekaten is a local traditional cultural performance, which combines Islam with Javanese culture. The current dynamics of acculturation make tourism opportunities. Using a qualitative approach and historical and ethnographic methods, data were collected through in-depth observations during the sekaten celebration at the Yogyakarta Palace. The results indicate that in the past the sekaten tradition functioned as a ‘religious institution’, which made the Surakarta palace and the Yogyakarta palace the two symbols of the strongest Islamic empire in Java. This research contributes that the local Islamic tradition in the past has undergone a paradigm shift, although the tradition has been preserved until the modern era. In the modern context, local cultural traditions have changed and created economic value through cultural tourism destinations supported by local governments.
Keywords: sekaten, local traditions, Islam, dynamics, commodities
STRENGTHEN INSTITUTIONS TO ENHANCE RESILIENCE: Disaster Risk Financing Model for the Vulnerable Persons in Kenya
Authors: Oseno Ben , Atieno Margaret
Published: September 2022

Background: Among the most commonly used social safety net programs across the globe is the cash transfer program. While developed economies have successfully applied the strategic social intervention appropriately, very little if any can be talked of in Sub-Saharan African including Kenya. In Kenya, many challenges such as inadequate funds, ghost beneficiaries, dwindling sustainability issues among others hamper effective implementation.

Purpose: The main purpose of the paper was to evaluate the effectiveness of the cash transfer program in the wake of covid-19 pandemic having unmatched social-economic impact on the people but more so on the vulnerable groups.

Methodology: The paper adopted descriptive survey research design, target population were all beneficiaries of the social welfare benefits. Sample population 163 respondents chosen in the clusters of 35 County Commissioners, 5 key informant from the state Department of Social Protection and 123 beneficiaries from 41 counties with 3 benefactors chosen from each of the 41 counties studied163. Data collection was conducted by use of questionnaires and interview schedules for primary data while secondary data relied on documents analysis from the respective ministries, departments and government agencies. Analysis of data was done by use of descriptive statistics and findings presented through tables, graphs and pie-charts.

Findings: The study found out that a number of eligible people are not benefiting due to insufficient funds, the administrative system and structures are equally not fit for purpose as significant number of respondents opting for alternative measures such as establishment of National Vulnerability Insurance Fund, Special Interest Group Co-operatives, and subsidized micro-insurance packages.

Recommendations: The study recommended an overhaul of the current social safety programmes of cash transfer stipend to make it more effective and efficient. It was recommended that alternative programs be explored and monthly stipend to be improved from Kshs. 2,000 to at least Kshs. 3,000
Mehnаt shаrtnomаsini bekor qilishdа mediаtsiya instituti: milliy vа xorijiy tаjribа
Authors: Abdullayeva Dilfuza
Published: September 2022

Maqola mehnat munosabatlarida mediatsiya institutining o‘rni, shuningdek, mehnat shartnomasini bekor qilishda mediatsiya instituti masalalarini tadqiq qilishga qaratilgan bo‘lib, boshqa xorijiy mamlakatlarda ham ushbu institutning tartibga solinishi o‘rganilgan. Shuningdek, mediatsiya instituti-ning o‘ziga xos xususiyati va uni mehnat munosabatlarida qo‘llash masalalari tahlil qilingan.
Content of modern social networks today and their psychological impact on spiritual and moral education of youth
Authors: Fayzullaev Ilhom
Published: September 2022

The article describes the problems related to moral censorship, moral and ethical standards and their actions on the Internet. It also talks about the preservation and development of the morality of young people in the information society. But it must be emphasized that in order to solve existing problems, young people themselves must be active. Knowledge cannot be made information without losing something of value. Knowledge always has a personal aspect, it is a means of communication. And knowledge turned into information is alienated from the one who consumes this information. Therefore, for us real communication is more important than virtual communication, although the younger generation is increasingly striving for virtual communication.
Болалар ҳуқуқларини ҳимоя қилишда хорижий давлатлар тажрибаси
Authors: Икрамов Шерзод , Атаниязов Жасурбек
Published: September 2022

Мақолада болалар ҳуқуқларининг ривожланиш тарихи, болалар ҳуқуқларининг, айниқса, етим болалар ва ота-она қарамоғидан маҳрум бўлган болалар ҳуқуқлари ва қонуний манфаатлари ҳимоя қилиниши ривожланган давлатлар мисолида ўрганилган.
Globalization as a factor of international development
Authors: Nazarov Farhod
Published: September 2022

The article describes that the objective process of the development of the world community is globalization, through which a complex multi-level system of socio-economic relations is formed. As part of this phenomenon, there is a significant increase in political, socio-economic, informational and cultural interrelations of countries around the world. In the political context, globalization or so-called “mondialism” seeks to establish supranational institutions of governance – a single world government. In the economic sense, globalization embodies the process of formation of an interconnected monolithic global economy, a single market for goods, capital and services. Thus, globalization is understood as the historical process of unification of all spheres of human life, primarily a change in the structure of the world economy, and understood as a close interweaving of the subjects of the world economy on the basis of internationalization, transnationalization and liberalization, connected with each other by a system of political relations. Consequently, capitalism, as a social system and an ideology that calls for an increase in capital and obtaining super profits, occupies a central place in this social process and the trend of world development.
Ишни судга қадар юритишда жамоатчилик иштирокининг ретроспектив таҳлили
Authors: Хушвактова Нодира
Published: September 2022

Мазкур мақолада мамлакатимиз ҳудудида жиноят-процессуал муносабатларида жамоатчилик вакиллари иштирокининг тарихий шаклланиш босқичлари тадқиқ этилган. Мақолада “Авесто”, “Қуръони карим”, “Ҳадис”, “Мухтасар”, “Ҳидоя”, “Фозил одамлар шаҳри” каби тарихий манбалар таҳлил қилиниб, Ўзбекистонда ишни судга қадар юритиш давомида жамоатчилик иштирокининг шакл-ланиш ва ривожланиш тарихи шартли равишда тўрт босқичга ажратиб ўрганилган. Муаллиф томонидан, шунингдек, жамоатчилик иштирокининг самарадорлигини оширишнинг тарихий омиллари ҳам кенг ёритилган.
A Theoretical FRAMEWORK for the Development of Perinatal Period Mental Health Guidelines in Zimbabwe
Authors: Gwatiringa Calleta , Modiba Lebitsi Maud , Mavondo Greanious Alfred
Published: September 2022

The need to create a harmonized process of handling mental health issues cropping up during the perinatal period in Zimbabwe cannot be over emphasized. The number of pregnant women needing perinatal management is growing. The number of trained midwifery nurse practitioner is also growing contributed from different nursing schools meaning different practice methodologies necessitating national guidelines to be adopted. A search of the literature revealed that the British Columbia guidelines provided a framework which could be adopted and adapted for use in the formulation of best practices guidelines to advance collaborative and supportive care as it applies to perinatal health care and client-centred childbirth. The guidelines were premised on the inkling that the use of the ideal strategy and a coordinated approach results in appropriate identification and effective management of mental pathology. The framework and the resultant guidelines, were able to guard against disturbances in the mental wellbeing of the women, whilst excluding the presence of mental disorders. The pillars of the framework we adopted to address dimensions namely: of instruction and avoidance, assessment and the verdict, therapy and self-administration, adapting and backup linkages. The adopted framework facilitates recognition, diagnosis, management and keeping track of ladies with identified mental health challenges. These were conceptualized as recognition, diagnosis, management and follow-up, giving a more promotive and preventive flair to the Zimbabwean perinatal mental health guidelines. Therefore, the theoretical framework for guidelines in mental health views mental stability is an interconnected quadlet of recognition of the tell-tail signs of the disease, diagnosis of the condition, management of the disease and follow-up of the those who have been successfully managed for possible relapses.
Assessing Electronic Health Service of Bangladesh Government during COVID 19: A Cross-Sectional Mixed Method Survey
Authors: Islam Md. Robiul , Rahman Abdur
Published: September 2022

The influx of COVID 19 has exposed the vulnerability of the health sector in both developing and developed countries. So, it has been crucial to assess the e-health service of the Bangladesh government during COVID 19. A cross-sectional mixed method survey was conducted where 150 participants took part in a closed-ended questionnaire survey and 10 participants were involved in a semi-structured interview. Participants are selected from urban (72%) and rural (28%) areas purposively who availed of e-health services during COVID 19. The study used SPSS version 25 to analyze quantitative data using descriptive statistics, frequency, mean, standard deviation, and variance. The result of the study exposed that the existing status of electronic health services in Bangladesh is not satisfactory yet. Most of the people (91.3%) accessed online vaccine registration services only. Due to the lack of information, participants are not availing rest of the e-health services of the government like telemedicine, COVID test report download, live corona test, and use of corona tracer app/ surokkha app. As a result, only 5.76% of participants are highly satisfied with the government e-health service during the pandemic. 56.88% responded that government had high-level challenges to promote electronic health services during COVID 19. The major challenges are lack of available e-health service information, awareness raising, and low level of internet speed. So, the study recommends bridging the digital divide between urban & rural areas along with ensuing more IT facilities in government health services.
The Status of Married Women into the Process of Household Decision Making: A Study in Khulna City
Authors: Mostafiz Sabrina , Jamil Hasan
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the women’s role in household decision making in relation to their gender status. This study also explores the links between women’s status and their participation in household decision making process. This study revealed that 64.2 percent women are the housewives who are giving labour in household for free and hardly recognized. The findings of the study explicated that 41.6 percent women’s title belongs to their father before their marriage while 61.7 percent women’s title belongs to their husband after their marriage and 45 percent women got married based on the decision taken by their parents. The study found that over 38 percent of the women provided dowry at the time of their marriage and about 48 percent of the women’s had to forcefully pay dowry. It was also found that half (50.8%) of the women faced forced sex with husband. This is the common scenario in our patriarchal society because the woman is not regarded here as a distinct entity. The patriarchal society regarded them as an entity who obeys their decision. In this study woman’s decision about their maternal health care followed by 1st place in the rank order by obtained the mean value 3.80. This study concluded that marriageable age, marriage length, education, economic self sufficiency along with gender awareness, traditional socio-cultural practices, exposure to mass media and access to information can enhance women’s status in household decision making. Through this, it is possible to achieve gender equality at all levels in the society of Bangladesh.
MERENDA ESCOLAR SUSTENTÁVEL NO MUNICÍPIO DA CAÁLA, FACTORES QUE A IMPEDEM, HUAMBO – ANGOLA
Authors: Paixão António Armindo , Santos Justo  Cassinda Victor  dos , Costa Afonso Arlindo , Tuliende Mónica Isabel Eduardo Domingos , Samuel Armindo kufumana , Chipindo Hélder  Lucas , Miguel Lote , Carlos Aires Walter Mavunge
Published: September 2022

Com o objectivo de constatar a utilização de produtos locais em merenda escolar sustentável no Município da Caála, província do Huambo, foram realizadas visitas em campos de cultivo para selecionar ospotenciais produtos, produtores familiares e cooperativas, posteriormente, realizaram-se outras visitas em unidades escolares do primeiro e segundo ciclo, no sentido de verificar as estruturas em termos de refeitórios e a capacidade para adquisição dos mesmos produtos. Para tal, foram utilizados coletas de dados no campo, observação directa e aplicado um inquérito exploratório com formulário semiestruturado. Todos os produtores familiares e cooperativas produzem vários produtos e em quantidades suficiente em todas estacoes do ano com uma diminuição no estacão seca, entre os alimentos produzidos estão o milho, feijão, batata-doce, batata rena, banana, cenoura, tomate, inhame (taro), couves, limão, cana, ovos, tilápia entre outros. As escolas não possuem estruturas como refeitório para confecionar merendas escolares nem suporte financeiro em algumas delas. Os produtos locais podem ser utilizados em merenda escolar de forma sustentável, pelo que as escolas devem ter recursos financeiros, reestruturar e adaptar algumas das escolas para possuírem refeitórios.
Assessing Lower Secondary School Students’ Common Errors in Statistics
Authors: Lian Lim Hooi , Yew Wun Thiam , Meng Chew Cheng
Published: September 2022

Statistical literacy has been emphasised in the school mathematics curriculum, with the growing concern about students’ ability to think critically in solving statistical problem-solving tasks. However, the current studies revealed that secondary school students’ errors mainly involve the problem of basic concepts in statistics, data interpretation, and the selection of an appropriate representation of data. Therefore, this study aimed to analyse the common errors made by students in solving statistics tasks with multi-level complexity. A survey method was applied in this study. The sample of this study consisted of 356 Form One (Grade 7) students from eight secondary schools. The instrument of this study consisted of five superitem tasks, which represented the five content domains: line graph, bar graph, pie chart, dot plot, and histogram. There are four levels of items in each superitem task. Thus, the total number of items is 20. The format of all the 20 items in the five superitem tasks is open-ended. The common errors were then analysed based on all the participants’ solutions shown in their answer script. The findings found that most students could not achieve the highest level of statistical competency. They failed to think qualitatively while justifying data. This study provides a meaningful analysis that assists the teaching and learning of statistics to better link numeracy and literacy. The application of the superitem tasks provides valuable information that enables the teachers to understand their students’ statistical processes better.
Role of Digital Finance to improvise Financial Inclusion and Sustainable Employment
Authors: Kaur Amrinder
Published: September 2022

This article discusses a few concerns related to digital finance, a topic that hasn't received much critical attention in the literature. Despite the fact that digital finance and financial inclusion have many benefits for the consumers and the policy makers for the economic growth of the nation, there are still concerns in implementation of digital financial services for the people, businesses, and governments. The article's discussion of digital finance challenges is pertinent to ongoing discussions and national-level initiatives aiming to increase financial inclusion through banking, use of smartphones in the developing and emerging economies.
Anharmonic Properties of Oxides Having Face Centered Cubic Crystal Structure of Third Order
Authors: K. S. Kushwaha
Published: September 2022

A theory has been evolved for obtaining anharmonic properties of oxides having face centered cubic crystal symmetry using long-range Coulomb and short-range Born-Mayer potentials starting from the nearest-neighbour distance and hardness parameter. The third order elastic constants are obtained for oxides of Cd, Co, Fe, Nb, Ni, Te, Ti and Zr at elevated temperature. The room temperature data are utilized for obtaining the first order pressure derivatives of second and third order elastic constants, the second order pressure derivatives of second order elastic constants and partial contractions of these oxides. The results are presented and discussed.
A Relationship of Pivots: Philippine-US Cooperation in a Changing World
Authors: Greco Adam W
Published: September 2022

As one of the few nations in the world (and the only one in the vicinity of China) to be a former colony of the United States, the Philippines is in a unique position on the world stage. This article delineates the history of the complex relationship between the Philippines and the United States since the Spanish-American war while placing an emphasis on modern relations. Since its independence to the end of the Cold War, the Philippines was unequivocally an ally to the United States, though this did not stop tensions from mounting. As China's contemporary foreign policy fosters further amicability between it and the Philippines under the Belt and Road Initiative, this has given rise to worries of a potential pivot to China. Furthermore, hostile sentiments conveyed from certain facets of the Philippines’ leadership towards the United States accelerate these concerns. This article delves into the current relationship between the Philippines and the United States while outlining avenues for further cooperation via mutual benefit, particularly within the realm of developmental assistance.
Challenges in Mali, the Importance of Legitimate Governance in Combatting Terrorism and Violent Extremism
Authors: Krieger Gerald
Published: September 2022

The Greater Sahel is one of the world’s most troubled regions. Within the region, Mali is the regional lynchpin and has been the focus of French efforts to eradicate terrorist groups. The essay seeks to answer the question, “Why has violence increased and terrorist cells continued to thrive in Mali despite international efforts?” Although the issue is more complicated and nuanced, corruption and poor governance are significant factors in increased violence. Local leaders focus on militarization and violent suppression to maintain control over larger cities while neglecting rural communities. These actions undermine the government’s legitimacy, exacerbated by rampant corruption. Secondary sources and conflict databases are utilized to provide quantitative analysis while also using a qualitative lens to factor in governance and engagement of the public, which are more challenging to measure. The essay provides an overview of the challenges, followed by a background of UN training missions in the Sahel and a cursory history and regional challenges. An analysis of the French withdrawal from Mali highlights the challenges of foreign governments. The conclusion provides suggestions for future missions in the region, focusing on governance, basic human rights, infrastructure, and essential services for the population.
Developing a Structured Analytical Model to Anticipate Social Movement National Security Threats
Authors: Davis Brigit L , Wenger Anthony
Published: September 2022

For most of the 2000s, experts assessed that social movements across the globe were increasingly engendering most of the threats nation-states faced internally and externally. These assessments and extensive literature on social movement use of social media underpinned a doctoral research effort that helped address a noted literature gap in predicting social movement threats via social media. The research results showed social movement themes are observable in social media content and, although not fully vetted, National Security practitioners can use these themes in a structured analytical model to assess the probability of a threat. This article provides an overview of the research and model in the dissertation Anticipating Social Movement National Security Threats: Social Media Content’s Potential in Developing a Structure Analytical Model.
Complexity vs. salience of alternatives in implicature: A cross-linguistic investigation
Authors: Dionne Danielle , Coppock Elizabeth
Published: September 2022

Scalar implicature depends on the activation of alternatives. For instance, in English, finger implicates 'not thumb', suggesting that thumb is an activated alternative. Is this because it is more specific (Quantity) and equally short (Manner)? Indeed, toe doesn't imply 'not big toe', perhaps because big toe is longer. As L. Horn points out, this Quantity/Manner explanation predicts that if English had the simplex Latin word pollex meaning 'thumb or big toe', then the asymmetry would disappear. But would it suffice for that word to exist in the language, or would the word also have to be sufficiently salient? We explore this question in four languages that are sometimes said to lack a single-word alternative for thumb: Spanish (which does have pulgar 'thumb or big toe' (< pollex), though it is a non-colloquial form), Russian, Persian, and Arabic. To gauge the salience of various ways of describing digits, we use a fill-in-the-blank production task. We then measure the availability of implicatures using a forced choice comprehension task. We find cross-linguistic differences in implicature, and moreover that implicature calculation tracks production probabilities more closely than structural complexity of the alternatives. A comparison between two Rational Speech Act models—one in which the speaker replicates our production data and a standard one in which the speaker chooses based on a standard cost/accuracy trade-off—shows that comprehension is more closely tied to production probability than to the complexity of alternatives. 
Effect of whole body cryotherapy on low back pain and release of endorphins and stress hormones in patients with lumbar spine osteoarthritis
Authors: Barłowska-Trybulec Marta , Zawojska Klaudia , Szklarczyk Joanna , Góralska Marta
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Low back pain (LBP) is the most common ailment in patients with lumbar spine osteoarthritis (OA). There are many methods to treat LBP, such as manual therapy, osteopathy, massage, physical exercise, and physical therapy. The most effective of these are manual therapy and exercises combined with physical procedures, such as whole body cryotherapy (WBCT). Whole body cryotherapy can induce various hormonal adaptations in patients with OA. This is probably the body’s reaction to cold and stress. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of WBCT on β-endorphins, cortisol and adrenaline release, as well as on LBP in patients with OA of the lumbar spine.

Material and methods

The study group consisted of 30 patients with lumbar spine OA who underwent a series of WBCT combined with therapeutic exercises. Before and after the therapy each patient was examined using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and blood samples were collected for laboratory determinations (ELISA).

Results

After WBCT, the decrease in LBP measured by VAS was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). The mean value of blood β-endorphin level increased after the therapy but the difference was statistically insignificant (p = 0.10). The mean value of the plasma level of cortisol after treatment increased and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0009). The plasma level of adrenalin after treatment increased slightly, but the difference was statistically insignificant (p = 0.08).

Conclusions

Whole body cryotherapy combined with therapeutic exercises had a positive effect on LBP reduction in patients with OA. On the basis of these changes, processes that take place in the nervous and endocrine systems are a response to the stimuli of cold and stress. The mechanism of action of extremely low temperatures on the human body is still not fully understood.
The knowledge, attitude and training needs of line managers at the South African Sugar Association (SASA) with regards to the management of HIV/AIDS infected employees
Authors:   , Naidoo Predhie
Published: September 2022

he knowledge, attitude and training needs of line managers at the South African Sugar Association (SASA) with regards to the management of HIV/AIDS infected employees. Background: The rapid spread of HIV/AIDS is having an increasingly adverse impact on the operations of companies. Due to the changing environment in which line managers have to operate as a result of HIV/AIDS, line managers will increasingly be faced with handling HIV/AIDS infected employees and all the issues surrounding this epidemic. The research investigates the knowledge, attitude and training needs of line managers in SASA with regards to the management of HIV/AIDS infected employees. Objective: The goals of the research are; 1). To ascertain the prevailing level of knowledge, attitude and training needs of line managers at SASA with regards to the management of HIV/AIDS infected employees. 2). To establish the relationship between the biographic variables and knowledge, attitude and training needs with regards to the management of HIV/AIDS infected employees.
The effectiveness of contracting bursary students to the Department of Health (KwaZulu-Natal) as a specialist skills retention strategy
Authors:   , Johnson Liza
Published: September 2022

Imbalance in the health workforce is a major challenge for health policy-makers, since human resources are the most important of the health systems input (Sanders & Lloyd) Several developed nations are increasingly relying on immigration as a means of coping with domestic shortages of health care professionals (Vujicic et al. 2004). The extent of migration and other losses of professional skills are difficult to quantify. However, the effects of these are multifaceted and have far reaching consequences for both the economy and the maintenance of health services in the country. The effects of this “brain drain” limit service delivery and limit the general population’s access to health services. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of contracting bursary students to the Department of Health (KwaZulu-Natal) as a specialist skills retention strategy.
Nueva ecuación dinámica de altura dominante e índice de sitio para Pinus chiapensis (Martínez) Andresen en Puebla y Veracruz, México
Authors: Tamarit-Urias Juan C. , Rodríguez-Acosta Melchor , Quiñonez-Barraza Gerónimo , Santiago-García Wenceslao
Published: September 2022

Introducción: Pinus chiapensis (Martínez) Andresen carece en muchas regiones de modelos de índice de sitio (IS) para clasificar la productividad maderable.Objetivo: Desarrollar una ecuación dinámica de IS, mediante el enfoque de diferencia algebraica generalizada (DAG), para describir el patrón de crecimiento en altura dominante y clasificar la productividad de rodales naturales de P. chiapensis en Puebla y Veracruz, México.Materiales y métodos: Cuatro modelos teóricos de crecimiento se utilizaron para derivar seis ecuaciones en DAG, ajustadas a observaciones de altura dominante-edad procedentes de análisis troncales de 31 árboles. El ajuste se realizó con el método de variables Dummy que es invariante de la edad base; se corrigió la autocorrelación y la heterocedasticidad.Resultados y discusión: La evaluación cuantitativa, el análisis gráfico de los residuales y de las tendencias de crecimiento de las ecuaciones permitió la selección de una ecuación derivada del modelo de Levakovic II con capacidad predictiva mayor. Con esta ecuación y una edad base de 50 años se construyeron curvas de IS polimórficas con asíntotas variables para clasificar la productividad en baja, media y alta, correspondientes a IS de 25, 32 y 39 m, respectivamente. El incremento medio anual máximo para el IS de 32 m fue de 1.07 m∙año-1 y ocurrió a los 11.08 años. La ecuación exhibió mejor desempeño con respecto a una ecuación polimórfica previamente reportada.Conclusiones: Se recomienda usar la ecuación desarrollada para predecir el crecimiento en altura dominante e IS de rodales de P. chiapensis en Puebla y Veracruz, México
Perfil cromatográfico diferencial de triglicéridos en semillas de calabazas (Cucurbita spp.) silvestres y domesticadas
Authors: Mejía-Morales Claudia , Rodríguez-Macías Ramón , Salcedo-Pérez Eduardo , Zamora-Natera Francisco , Molina-Torres Jorge , Zañudo-Hernández Julia
Published: September 2022

Introducción: Los triglicéridos (TG) representan 98 % de la composición de los aceites vegetales. La evaluación de TG en extractos de semillas de calabazas es importante para detectar efectos ocasionados por la domesticación.Objetivo: Comparar el perfil de triglicéridos de calabazas silvestres vs. domesticadas mediante el sistema HPTLC en fase reversa.Materiales y métodos: Se recolectaron semillas de calabazas silvestres (Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth y C. radicans Naudin) en estado maduro en tres sitios del Altiplano Mexicano y se adquirieron semillas de calabazas domesticadas (C. pepo L., C. moschata Duchesne, C. argyrosperma K. Koch) y de girasol (Helianthus annuus L.). Las semillas trituradas se sometieron a extracción en equipo Soxhlet con hexano, para obtener los lípidos. Del extracto de lípidos neutros, los TG se separaron en placas de vidrio de 20 x 10 HPTLC Gel de Sílice 60. Se utilizaron TG insaturados como referencia. Las bandas se analizaron con el software de uso libre GelAnalyzer.Resultados y discusión: El perfil de TG del extracto de las semillas de calabazas, tanto silvestres como domesticadas, guarda similitud entre sus bandas más abundantes. En ambas muestras predomina el TG 18:2/18:2/18:2. En las calabazas silvestres destacan bandas de TG 18:3/18:3/18:3. Las calabazas domesticadas presentan TG con insaturaciones en la cadena de carbono en menor proporción que las especies silvestres, lo que les confiere a estas un valor nutricional mayor. Conclusiones: Las semillas de calabazas silvestres muestran un perfil característico de TG insaturados. El perfil cromatográfico y el análisis de imágenes con GelAnalyzer permitieron la diferenciación de las muestras con base en las bandas obtenidas.
Cambio de uso agrícola y vegetación (1947-2019) en la región de Los Ríos, Tabasco, México
Authors: Ramírez-García Alex R. , Zavala-Cruz Joel , Rincón-Ramírez Joaquín A. , Guerrero-Peña Armando , García-López Eustolia , Sánchez-Hernández Rufo , Castillo-Acosta Ofelia , Alfaro-Sánchez Gloria , Ortiz-Pérez Mario A.
Published: September 2022

Introducción: La expansión del uso agropecuario genera cambios de cobertura vegetal, pérdida de biodiversidad y servicios ecosistémicos. Objetivo: Analizar el cambio de uso agrícola y su efecto en la vegetación natural en la región de Los Ríos, Tabasco, México, durante el periodo 1947-2019.Materiales y métodos: Se identificaron 14 clases de uso de suelo y vegetación mediante fotografías aéreas de 1947 y clasificación supervisada de imágenes de satélite, verificando las de 1947 al 2000 con cartografía publicada y las de 2019 (Landsat 8) en campo. El cambio de uso de suelo y vegetación se analizó mediante superposición y comparación de los mapas con el módulo Land Change Modeler integrado en el programa TerrSet.Resultados y discusión: En 72 años, la vegetación natural fue sustituida mayormente por cultivos, pastizales y plantaciones forestales, seguidos de asentamientos humanos. Estos usos, en conjunto, representaban 14.2 % de la superficie de la región y aumentaron a 61.8 %; es decir, un incremento de 435 %. Dichos usos sustituyeron áreas de selva, vegetación secundaria e hidrófita, las cuales pasaron de 82.3 a 29.7 %, representando una pérdida de 64 % de estas coberturas. Entre 1947 y 1984, la vegetación natural sufrió la mayor pérdida de área (53.7 %). Conclusiones: La pérdida de vegetación natural en la región se dio a causa del incremento en la superficie de uso agrícola y asentamientos humanos. La ampliación de la superficie agropecuaria fue impulsada por programas gubernamentales sin considerar el factor ambiental.
Hanefî Mezhebi Bağlamında Zararın Satım Akdinin Sıhhatine Etkisi
Authors: Haçkalı Abdurrahman , Kara Seyfullah
Published: September 2022

Zarar vermeme ve zararın giderilmesi prensibi gerek İslam hukukunun gerekse diğer hukuk sistemlerinin teşekkülünde önemli bir etken olan olup, birçok hükmün dayanağı olarak zikredilmektedir. Usulden fürûa hemen hemen fıkhın bütün konularında karşımıza çıkan zarar çok geniş bir kavramdır. Zararın hüküm doğurduğu bu alanlardan biri de genelde borçlar hukuku özelde ise akid teorisidir. Çünkü zarar akitlerin gerek kuruluşunda gerek sıhhatinde gerekse lüzûmu ve nefâzında etkili olup, bu hususların teşekkülünde birçok hükmün gerekçesi olarak zikredilmektedir. Bu makalede Hanefî mezhebine ait fesad teorisi içinde zararın etkisi, satım akdi özelinde, fürû örnekleri incelenerek ele alınmış olup, örneklerle açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu kapsamda ilk olarak zararın tanımı ve çeşitleri ele alınmış daha sonra zararın satım akdinin sıhhatine etkisi örneklerle ortaya konulmuştur. Ardından müstakil bir fesat sebebi olarak zarar örnekleri verilmiş, daha sonra da diğer fesat sebepleri üzerinde zararın etkisi örneklerle müşahhas hale getirilip açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
RESULTS OF EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL AND RHEOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS AFTER CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, D. S. Herasimionak , V. A. Mansurov ,   Belarusian State Medical University, N. P. Mitkovskaya ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: September 2022

Background. Considering the change in the pathogenetic vector towards the studying of comorbidity, becomes crucial the search for biological predictors providing a more precise assessment of cardiovascular risk in specific subgroups of patients with moderate, unusual or undetectable risk levels (for example, in patients with background acute surgical diseases of the abdominal cavity). Aim. Evaluation of some rheological and biochemical parameters in patients with acute calculous cholecystitis. Material and methods. The main group consisted of patients with acute calculous cholecystitis, which were administered cardioprotective therapy (acetylsalicylic acid and atorvastatin) and who carried out urgent cholecystectomy (OKT group). The first comparison group was formed of patients who underwent urgent cholecystectomy, but did not took cardioprotective therapy (OK group). The second comparison group was formed of patients which were used cardioprotective therapy, but who did not perform cholecystectomy (KT group). Results and discussion. In accordance the study, the following initial data were obtained (Me (25th; 75th percentiles)): HSCRP, mg/l – 9.6 (3.8;15) and 21.11 (4.90;18.20), p > 0.05; homocysteine, mmol/l 12.6 (8.6;16.3) and 9.04 (6.80;10.00), p < 0.05; ICAM-1, ng/ml – 420 (298;482) and 564.27 (280.00;920.00), p > 0.05; MMR-9, ng/ml 119.2(116;1430) and 991.36 (690;1450), p > 0.05, in the OKT and KT groups, respectively. The following data were obtained on an outpatient basis: HSCRP – 1.6 (0.88;3.56) and 5.94 (1.87;9.63), p < 0.05; MMP-9 – 108.5 (84.4;575) and 800.90 (465.00;1310.00), p < 0.05; ICAM-1 – 434.5 (340;580) and 277.75 (240.00;306.00), p < 0.05; homocysteine 14.9 (12.9;19.2) and 15.51 (14.10;18.25), p > 0.05, in the OKT and KT groups, respectively. Conclusion. The absence of surgical treatment of acute calculous cholecystitis resulted in to significantly higher concentrations of markers of inflammation such as HSCRP, matrix metalloproteinase-9 and lowered levels of the intercellular adhesion molecule – ICAM-1. Thus, conservative management of patients with acute calculous cholecystitis was accompanied with higher concentrations of biomarkers of inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability by the end of 30 days of follow-up.
CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE AFTER HEART TRANSPLANTATION
Authors:   Republican Scientific and Practical Centre of Cardiology, A. K. Kurlianskaya
Published: September 2022

This scientific review is devoted to the assessment of the role and effects of statin therapy in the treatment of patients with heart failure (HF). The article overviews the possibilities of using new medications with a profound lipid-lowering effect in patients with HF, belonging to the class of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9). The results of our own research are also presented, the purpose of which was to study the association of statin therapy with the state of the coronary arteries (CA) in the long-term period after heart transplantation (HT). Materials and methods. The data of 75 patients after HT were analyzed. Coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound were performed to assess coronary artery (CA) damage. The degree of coronary artery disease was determined according to the Stanford classification. In the dynamics of observation, biochemical parameters of blood were assessed. Results and discussion. 7 years (84 months) after HT, patients were divided in 3 groups: 1st with no significant damage to the coronary arteries (n = 38); 2nd with significant damage to the CA (n = 20); 3rd with angiographically significant stenosis of the coronary artery (n = 17). Within 12 months after HT, the groups were comparable in terms of the dose of atorvastatin taken by patients (from 5 to 20 mg). By the 12th month of therapy, the median dose of the medication was significantly lower (5 (5; 10) mg) in group 3 than in groups 1 (20 (10; 40) mg, p = 0.046) and 2 (20 (20; 40) mg, p = 0.008). The dose reduction of the lipid-lowering drug was due to a decrease in the concentration of LDL-C. After 36 months there was a steady increase in the level of LDL-C cholesterol in the blood in group 3. In groups 1 and 2, there were no significant fluctuations in the concentration of LDL cholesterol within the period from 6 to 84 months after HT. Conclusions. In order to prevent the development and progression of coronary artery disease in the long-term period after HT, more aggressive statin therapy is required (at least 20 mg of atorvastatin, even after reaching the target LDL-C level). For patients at high risk of developing coronary heart disease and intolerant to more traditional lipid-lowering treatments, PCSK9 should be considered as a promising alternative.
A CLINICAL CASE OF NON-COMPACTION CARDIOMYOPATHY WITH CONCOMITANT MYOPATHIC SYNDROME AND MUTATIONS IN THE LMNA AND KCNH2 GENES
Authors:   Republican Scientific and Practical Center Cardiology, S. Komissarova , N. Rineiska ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center Cardiology, N. Chakova ,   Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, T. Dolmatovich ,   Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Published: September 2022

A clinical case of a patient with non-compaction cardiomyopathy, early development of life-threatening arrhythmias and conduction disorders, myopathic syndrome and mutations in the LMNA and KCNH2 genes is presented. The issues of diagnostics based on imaging technologies, complex differential diagnostics of non-compaction cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy, as well as the basic principles of treatment are discussed. We also present the main provisions of European and American experts on the concept of isolation of lamina-associated cardiomyopathies for mandatory molecular genetic testing and, if identified, early implantation of ICD for the prevention of SCD.