bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of COVID-19 Vaccinations in 47 European Countries
Authors: Cornelli Umberto , Belcaro Giovanni
Published: July 2021

Background: in the 47 European countries the vaccination against COVID-19 started between December 2020 and January 2021. However, the first wave (W1) was controlled without any vaccine administration

Objective: to analyze the effect of vaccines on COVID-19 deaths rates, comparing the W1 with last wave (W2)

Methods: deaths rates from March 2, 2020, up to May 10, 2021, were recorded from WHO dashboard

The same was for the vaccine doses administered up to the May 9-11, 2021.

The trends of the deaths during W1 were followed for 5 weeks after the peak (6 values), while for the W2 the last 6 weeks from April 5 to May 10, 2021 were considered.

Results: the vaccination coverage was between <2×103 inhabitants (Armenia) and 831 x 103 (UK) and the average was 395×103 inhabitants. Although some differences among countries in the coverage, it seems that vaccination is significantly accelerating the deaths decay which was correlated with the doses administered.

Conclusions: in Europe the decay of deaths due to Covid-19 during the 2020 (W1) was achieved without any vaccination program. However, the vaccine is significantly decreasing the deaths rate proportionally to the amount of doses administered.
How Triple Mutation of Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Developed in India
Authors: Khan Sheema Fatima
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 infection is caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2. It is a single stranded RNA virus hence has high mutation rate. In a populous country like India, it can find large number of hosts to infect and thus undergo strong mutation. The Indian variant B.1.617 undergone three mutation to form B.1.617.2 (double mutant) and B.1.617.3 (triple mutant). The variant B.1.617.2 is declared a Variant of Concern due to its increase transmissibility, immune escape, increase effect of infection. The variant is also suspected to reduce vaccine efficacy and efficiency. It also the cause of overwhelming second wave of coronavirus in India. This harmful variant has also spread to other countries such as UK and Australia. Such harmful mutations are a result of aiming for herd immunity naturally against the virus. This article aims to understand the triple mutation and cause of devastating COVID-19 wave in India. And analyze steps to prevent future outbreaks.
Frontal Sinus Schwannoma: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Benhoummad O. , Labani Y. , Rizkou F. E. , Rochdi Y. , Raji A.
Published: July 2021

Whilst schwannomas are mostly developed in the head neck area, the sinonasal involvement is extremely rare, especially those of the frontal sinus. We report a patient with sinonasal schwannoma, invading both frontal sinuses, anterior cranial fossa, the left anterior ethmoidal sinus, and the left nasal cavity. Radiologic imaging showed an isodensed, T2 isointense, T1 hypointense, with heterogeneous enhanced postcontrast mass with bone destruction. The patient underwent resection of the tumor via two approaches, external one and endonasal one. The histological diagnosis was consistent with a schwannoma. The follow-up was marked by the presence of diplopia without any signs of meningitis or cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea.
Meta-analytic Re-assessment of the Validity of Miller Forensic Assessment Test for Detection of Malingering
Authors: Cernovsky Zack Z.
Published: July 2021

Background: The Miller Forensic Assessment of Symptoms Test (M-FAST) is used widely for the assessment of malingering of medical symptoms. Its validity has allegedly been supported by meta-analytic study of M-FAST in 2019 by Detullio et al. Credibility of Detullio’s results is damaged by an inclusion of data based on analog validation and also on dubious convergent validation procedures that falsify estimates of M-FAST’s validity.

Method: In the present study, the meta-analysis was calculated on 3 types of M-FAST data: (1) 5 samples of scores of healthy persons instructed to respond honestly, (2) 5 samples of scores of medical patients, and (3) 10 samples of scores of healthy persons instructed to feign mental illness (so called “instructed malingerers”).

Results: In an ANOVA (F(2,815)=398.50, p<.0001), significantly lowest M-FAST scores were those of healthy controls (mean=1.59, SD=2.80), the next significantly higher scores were those of legitimate patients (mean=4.85, SD=4.22), and the instructed malingerers had significantly highest scores (mean=12.34, SD=5.71).

Discussion: The significant difference between healthy controls and patients shows that inferences from analog validations of the M-FAST are inherently false. Furthermore, data of legitimate patients with severe psychiatric illness suggested that they may face the risk of about 50% to be falsely classified as malingerers by the M-FAST. Moreover, almost all validations of the M-FAST were done only with “instructed malingerers” (healthy volunteers instructed to feign symptoms). This overestimates the test’s capacity to detect real-life malingerers. Montes and Guyton documented that “instructed malingerers” warned to avoid detection score much lower than the unwarned ones (effect size: Cohen’s d=3.05). M-FAST’s capacity for detection of real-life malingerers may be extremely low, in particular those more genuinely motivated to evade detection, well prepared, better educated, and systematically feigning only a few specific symptoms such as depression, pain, and insomnia.

Conclusion: The M-FAST should no longer be used.
Usefulness of PRP Therapy in Androgenic Alopecia
Authors: Parvez Zahed , Akter Samina , Shobnom Afia Tahsin
Published: July 2021

Alopecia means loss of hair. Primarily there are two types of alopecia. Non-cicatricial alopecia and Cicatricial alopecia. Androgenic alopecia is non cicatricial localized alopecia and displays relatively high rates of occurrence in both men and women. Injections of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have shown to be a successful regenerative treatment for androgenic alopecia. It is a well-tolerated procedure and easy to perform. The objective clinical results are good. It is safe and non-allergenic. In our institution, more than 300 patients were given PRP and their terminal hair mass, hair texture, anagen/telogen hair ratio, keratinocyte proliferation, blood vessel density, and other factors were assessed. More than 85 percent of patients who underwent PRP treatment, had a very positive outcome.
Assessment of Awareness, Knowledge and Related Behaviours Towards COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study of Clients and Health Care Workers in Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics in Anyigba, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Akogu Simon , Alexander-Onoja Rosemary , Agbana Busayo , Idachaba Timothy
Published: July 2021

Introduction: COVID-19 is a viral disease that was first seen in Wuhan China in December 2019. Nigeria had its first case of COVID 19 in February 2020.

Healthcare workers in obstetrics and gynecology clinics are front line health workers because while they are providing reproductive health services, they are prone to encountering persons with transmissible COVID19 disease.

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess awareness, knowledge and related behaviors of clients and Healthcare workers in obstetrics and Gynecology clinics towards COVID 19 and its preventive strategies.

Subjects and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was done among health workers in Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics in four hospitals in Anyigba North Central Nigeria and the attendees of these clinics. The questionnaire sought to assess awareness, knowledge and related behaviors of clients and Healthcare workers in obstetrics and Gynecology clinics towards COVID 19 and its preventive strategies. Data was collected from the 1st of July to the end of September 2020.

Results: One thousand and 48 (1,048) respondents were studied. Majority of the respondents 52.3% knew of corona virus through television, followed by other media (19.7%) and from health workers (17.7%). Only 9.9% heard of corona virus through the radio. The mean percentage score for knowledge transmission and prevention of COVID-19 is 76.6% ranging between 58.9% and 90.2%.

Conclusion: The respondents demonstrated high level of awareness, knowledge, and acceptable positive behavior towards the COVID-19 pandemic necessary to guarantee service modifications to prevent person to person transmission.
Synchronous Association of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx and Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Chehbouni Mohamed , Benhoummad Othmane
Published: July 2021

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas represent the most frequent form (over 90%) of laryngeal cancer, but their association with renal tumors is rare; the literature most often reports the synchronous association of carcinoma of the larynx with carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract or with bronchial carcinoma. We report the case of a 60-year-old patient, who is followed for a clear cell carcinoma of the kidney, and in whom we made the diagnosis of a squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. We illustrate through this observation the rarity and the epidemiological profile of this presentation with a broad review of the literature.
A Review of Hematological Malignancy in Pregnancy
Authors: Mohd Sakri Noor Asikin , Nusee Zalina , Ahmad Mustafa Ahmad Muzamir , Husin Roziah
Published: July 2021

Hematological malignancy in pregnancy is a rare condition which leads to lack of prospective study and randomized control trial. Nevertheless, it has own challenge to the medical field in term of managing patient with the said condition. The dilemma is to decide among the necessities of continuation of pregnancy, the choice of diagnostic tools and chemotherapeutic drugs, and the timing of initiation treatment without disregarding the women's wish and preferences. The process often has a profound psychological burden on patients and family members. Furthermore, delays in diagnosis and intervention will adversely affect the outcomes of pregnancy and the disease itself. The effect of teratogenicity of chemotherapeutic drugs on the fetus and the progression of the disease during pregnancy are the main concern in treating this group of patients. This article will review the management and outcomes of 6 cases of hematological malignancy in pregnancy in one center (3 Hodgkin lymphoma, 1 chronic myeloid leukemia, 1 hairy cell leukemia, and 1 myeloproliferative neoplasms).  The outcomes of the pregnancy cases in this article were five successful live births with one case of early neonatal death due to prematurity with a history of second-trimester loss. The treatment was initiated during the second trimester to reduce the risk of chemotherapy to the fetus. Even though a few cases had fetal growth compromise but the fetal outcomes seem to be good with early interventions and multidisciplinary approached.
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Neisseria meningitidis – Isolated from a Case of Pneumonia
Authors: Sasikumari O. , George Angel Mary , Sarada Devi K. L.
Published: July 2021

Neisseria meningitidis (meningococci) is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in all age groups. Invasive meningococcal disease manifesting as meningococcal pneumonia is a very rare clinical condition. Here we have a 72 year old male who presented with meningococcal pneumonia and sepsis following a flu like illness. It is notable that he did not develop the syndrome of meningococcemia or its associated complications. This patient was treated with injections of Piperacillin-Tazobactum and Azithromycin because of the unusual antibiotic resistance pattern of the organism. He recovered completely without any sequelae. The meningococci isolated was an ESBL (extended spectrum beta lactamase) producing strain, hence it was resistant to Penicillin and third generation Cephalosporins which are usually used for the treatment of meningococcal infections .This strain was also resistant to Ciprofloxacin .This poses a threat to the community as well, especially because Ciprofloxacin is used as a chemo prophylactic drug by the contacts of the patient and the laboratory workers dealing with the patient’s clinical samples.
Knowledge, Attitude and Preparedness of Healthcare Workers Toward an Outbreak of Ebola Viral Disease
Authors: Idowu Omobolanle E. , Adefolalu Adegoke O. , Chetty Dayanithee
Published: July 2021

Background: Preparedness is key in terms of the healthcare system capacity to react appropriately to an outbreak of any infectious disease in epidemic proportion. Following the Ebola viral disease outbreak that started in West Africa around 2014, which subsequently spread to the DR Congo, with high mortality rates largely attributed to unpreparedness among the healthcare workers, the need for getting all stakeholders involved in healthcare services to be prepared for possible disease outbreaks can never be overemphasized and has since been recognized in many countries including South Africa. This study was conducted to describe the knowledge, attitude and preparedness of healthcare workers towards a possible outbreak of Ebola viral disease at a large private health institution in Pretoria.

Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaires among a conveniently sampled 150 healthcare workers at a large private hospital. A total of 133 valid questionnaires were collected (response rate = 89%).  The data was analyzed with SPSS and results presented using percentages, proportions, and frequency tables.

Results: The finding revealed more female (93%) than male, modal age-group was 31-40yr (37%), and most were African (89%). The perceived lack clinical experts who could manage EVD and the fear of contracting the disease were the main concerns of these health professionals. Majority of the participants demonstrated only basic knowledge of EVD but acknowledged the readiness of the nation’s health system to deal with any outbreaks.

Conclusion: The participants’ insufficient understanding of some aspects of the EVD showed the gaps in their knowledge and the apparent unpreparedness for possible Ebola outbreaks. Therefore, there is need for further education and training among the healthcare workers about how EVD is transmitted and the appropriate measures of disease control and prevention applicable to Ebola virus disease.
Knowledge of Exclusive Breastfeeding among Nursing Mothers Attending under 5 Welfare Clinic in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Institution
Authors: Ekeleme N. C. , Iwuoha E. C. , Ijeoma S. N. , Ejikem P. I.
Published: July 2021

Background: Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) offers important protective effects on child survival. Knowledge on EBF is a prerequisite to enhance its practice among nursing mothers.

Objective: To determine the knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding practice among nursing mothers attending Under-5 Welfare Clinic in a tertiary health facility in Nigeria.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study involving 333 nursing mothers. Pre-tested self/interviewer administered questionnaires were used to obtain information from consenting eligible women. Knowledge was assessed using a 12-point score and classified as good or poor. Data obtained was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.

Results: Our respondents had a mean age of 31±4.9years while 84.7% were 27 years and above. Majority were married (93.1%) with 57% of them having at least two (2) living children. Well over half of the respondents had attained a tertiary education. Antenatal care (ANC) was attended by 94.9% of the women where 96.8% said they had received advice on EBF. A total of 86% of the women had good knowledge score of EBF. Educational status and occupation showed statistically significant association with knowledge of EBF among the mothers (p=<0.001 and p=0.018) respectively while marital status (p=0.046), number of living children (p=0.001), educational status (p=<0.001) and occupation (p=0.050) all showed significant association with ANC attendance.

Conclusion: The effect of female education on knowledge of health issues is brought to the fore by the findings of this study. More emphasis on delivering at health facilities where information to women on the practice of optimal breastfeeding is readily available will go a long way to reduce the infant and maternal mortality rates in Nigeria.
COVID-19 Pandemic: Lethal and Non-lethal Drifts
Authors: Cornelli Umberto
Published: July 2021

is very variable since there are countries that differ up to two orders of magnitude.

Objective: To analyze the positive/deaths ratio up to May 24, 2021, in the European countries on the light of asymptomatic subjects and determine if the presence of non-mortal drifts can justify the present deaths decay.

Methods: The data of the European countries were retrieved from the WHO coronavirus dashboard. Italy was taken as example to calculate the differences among regions in the same country, and the relative data were taken from the Official Bulletin. Statistical analysis was based on the ODDS ratio.

Results: True asymptomatic subjects are difficult to be calculated and the differences among the deaths ratio can be due to the presence of non-mortal drifts.

Conclusions: The non-mortal drift should be considered as one of the reasons of the present death decay, and vaccinations can accelerate this process.
Symptomatology of Advanced Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Cancers in Palliative Care: Single Center Tertiary Care Experience from Eastern India
Authors: Patil Chaitanya , Atreya Shrikant
Published: July 2021

The spectrum of symptoms for an oncologist or oncosurgeon about gastrointestinal (GI) and hepatobiliary (HB) cancers varies from the spectrum of symptoms that a palliative care physician ascertains. There is a paucity of data regarding GI and HB cancer symptomatology in a palliative care outset. Hence, we conducted this study to understand the same and identify the most common symptom clusters among these cancers. The present study was retrospective observational study conducted on patients referred to palliative care department of Tata medical center, Kolkata, India. A total of 495 patient’s case records were reviewed with GI and HB cancers. Age, gender, co-morbidities, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status, symptomatology, physical examination findings, and histopathological diagnosis were reviewed from the case records and documented. Symptomatology included pain, nausea, vomiting, anxiety, depression, constipation, anorexia, early satiety and loose stools. The mean age of the patients was 57.73 ± 12.50 years with male: female ratio of 1.60. The most common organ system involved was gall bladder (22.63%) followed by pancreas (16.97%). The most common symptom was abdominal pain (63.64%) followed by anorexia (28.08%) and constipation (21.62%) and the least common ones were loose stools (3.84%) and neuropsychiatric symptoms (4.85%). Nausea-vomiting cluster (38.10%) and abdominal pain-nausea/vomiting (28.38%) cluster were most common among stomach carcinomas. Abdominal pain-constipation cluster (23.21%) was more common among gall bladder carcinomas. Future studies directing to identify these symptoms and clusters over the quality of life of advanced cancer patients are warranted.
Advantageous Impact of Spices in Controlling Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Bashir Rabia , Naeem Naureen , Waheed Aisha , Sultan Nayyab
Published: July 2021

Urinary tract infection (UTI) can be a standard sickness allopathic treatment with numerous antibiotics might additionally purpose facet effects. The microorganism causing contamination can broaden resistance to, the prevailing antibiotics that are prescribed if the drugs are hired for an extended time. Those issues have caused countless exploration of varied modes of remedy and exchange treatment plans. Herbs have a symbolic record and proven to be very powerful in stopping and treating tract infections.
Anti-androgenic Impact of Nauclea latifolia on Testicular Weight, Testosterone, Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Glycogen Granules of the Testes
Authors: Bassey Eno-Obong I. , Edem Gabriel D. , Okon Kingsley A. , Aquaisua Aquaisua N.
Published: July 2021

Purpose: Over time, plants have been a major source of medicine to treat and cure various ailments and diseases. In many cases, the dosages and standardization of these herbal products have been so ignored that it results in these products causing damages to certain organs of the body unnoticed. The impact of ethanolic leaf extract of Nauclea latifolia on the testes was determined using Wistar rats.

Method: 500, 1000 and 1500 mg of ethanolic leaf extract of Nauclea latifolia /kg body weight was administered for 21 days to 4 groups of animals (n=10). Blood sample was taken for hormonal assay, testicular weight measured, and histological procedure done, and the tissues stained with PAS.

Results: Result from hormonal assay showed reduced level of testosterone and follicle stimulating hormone. After histological staining using periodic acid Schiff method (PAS) and subsequent examination using a compound microscope, there was a reduced level of glycogen granules in all the Nauclea latifolia groups. Findings from this study also showed that the ethanolic leaf extract of Nauclea latifolia at all doses significantly reduced testicular weight (p<0.05).

Conclusion: This study reveals that Nauclea latifolia is anti-androgenic.
Social Determinants and Ethnic Factors Associated with a New Spatial Distribution of Maternal Mortality for a City of Colombia (2000-2019)
Authors: Pelaez Freire Julian A. , Carillo Mauricio Hernández , Castillo Liliana Arias , Holguin Ruiz Jorge A. , Herrera Murgueitio Julian A.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Maternal mortality in our region observed a significative reduction, however, it continues to be a a public health problem. In Cali-Colombia was traditionally concentrated in the eastern and hillside areas and with high prevalence of afroamerican patients.

Materials and methods: To analyze the behavior of maternal mortality during the last twenty years in the city, an ecological analytical study of spatial correlation was carried out including in the analysis, economic, sociocultural and health care factors. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyzes were performed.

Results: The spatial analysis showed clusters of maternal mortality in the northern and central areas of the city. As a risk factor for maternal mortality, it was observed that in pregnant women belonging to the mixed ethnic backgrounds and spanic white ethnicity from low socioeconomic income (IRR: 1.13, 95% CI 1.03-1.24). Access to basic education (OR: 0.66, 95% CI 0.53-0.83), attendance at prenatal care (OR: 0.95 95% CI 0.93-0.98) and access to health institutions (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.95-0-97) identified as protective factors for maternal mortality.

Conclusion: The clusters for maternal-perinatal mortality in the city during the last two decades had a significant spatial change with a new pattern of risk factors associated to maternal mortality.
Dynamic Games with Incomplete Knowledge in Metric Spaces
Authors: Konnov Igor
Published: July 2021

We describe a model of a discrete time dynamic system with active elements (players). All the system states are contained in a set of a metric space. Each state is associated with the common

system utility value and player shares. Feasible coalitions of players can change the system state, but each move requires certain expenses. We suppose that the players may have only restricted and local knowledge about the system. We define the concept of an equilibrium state in this dynamic game and present iterative algorithms that create feasible trajectories tending to equilibrium states under rather general

conditions.
ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ТЕРАПИИ ХРОНИЧЕСКОГО ЛИМФОЛЕЙКОЗА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ТЕОРИИ ИГР
Authors: Лучинин Александр , Стругов Владимир
Published: July 2021

Современная стратегия лечения хронического лимфолейкоза (ХЛЛ) базируется на стратификации больных на группы генетического риска с использованием таких предикторов, как del(17p), мутация гена TP53 и мутационный статус генов вариабельного региона иммуноглобулинов. Наличие неблагоприятных предикторов является основанием для назначения новых таргетных препаратов, таких как ибрутиниб, вместо стандартной иммунохимиотерапии. В то же время, полное генетическое тестирование не всегда возможно на этапе выбора первой линии терапии для всех пациентов, а эффект от того или иного лечения всегда имеет вероятностный характер. Решение о лечении в условиях неопределенности оптимальной стратегии, различного генетического риска и ответа на терапию можно описать с помощью методов теории игр. В представленной работе описана модель взаимодействия природы (заболевания) и человека (врача) на протяжении лечебного процесса, в рамках которой рассмотрено несколько различных сценариев терапии. Целью исследования являлся поиск и доказательство оптимальной стратегии лечения, которая бы обеспечила максимально вероятную пятилетнюю беспрогрессивную выживаемость (БПВ) больного ХЛЛ. В качестве критерия оптимального решения использовали критерий Байеса-Лапласа. Доказано, что стратегия стратифицированного подхода к первой линии терапии больных ХЛЛ в зависимости от генетических предикторов более выигрышна («выигрыш» 71%) по сравнению с назначением всем пациентам иммунохимиотерапии схемами флюдарабин + циклофосфан + ритуксимаб («выигрыш» 45%) и бендамустин + ритуксимаб («выигрыш» 32%). Однако оптимальной стратегией лечения больных ХЛЛ в условиях недостатка информации о генетических рисках пациента является терапия ибрутинибом для всех без исключения пациентов («выигрыш» 73%). Описанный подход к анализу и оптимизации терапии ХЛЛ может использоваться в качестве метода формализации лечебных стратегий онкогематологических заболеваний и применяться в автоматизированных системах поддержки принятия врачебных решений.
PENGARUH INFLASI DAN INVESTASI TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGANGGURAN TERBUKA DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2002-2019
Authors: Silaban Putri Sari MJ , Siagian Stevi Jesika
Published: July 2021

Open Unemployment is a labor force that truly does not have a job. This study was conducted aiming to examine the effect of inflation and investment on open unemployment in Indonesia from 2002 to 2019. The data used are time series data. The analysis technique used in this study is the classical assumption testing, hypothesis testing and multiple regression analysis. The analysis shows that partially positive and significant effect on open unemployment means that the higher the inflation, the higher the open unemployment will be, and vice versa. Investment is partially negative and significant effect on open unemployment means that the higher the investment, the open unemployment will decrease, and vice versa. And inflation and investment simultaneously have a significant effect on open unemployment. The results can be expected to provide input to the government so that it can maintain a stable inflation and investment rate so that the level of open unemployment can remain stable.Keywords: Inflation, Investment, and Open Unemployment.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN, MOTIVASI KERJA DAN PELATIHAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL DI DINAS PEKERJAAN UMUM DAN PENATAAN RUANG KABUPATEN TAPANULI TENGAH
Authors: Sihaloho Ferdinan
Published: July 2021

Kinerja dapat diartikan hasil kerja secara kualitas dan kuantitas yang dicapai oleh seorang pegawai dalam melaksanakan tugasnya sesuai dengan tanggung jawab yang diberikan kepadanya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan, motivasi kerja dan pelatihan secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja pegawai Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Jumlah populasi dan sampel sebanyak lima puluh dua orang. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara. Kuesioner terlebih dahulu diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui kepemimpinan, motivasi kerja dan pelatihan secara bersama-sama (serempak) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai negeri sipil pada Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Secara parsial variabel kepemimpinan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Tanda positif pada koefisien regresi memberi arti bahwa peningkatan skor kepemimpinan akan meningkatkan kinerja pegawai. Secara parsial variabel motivasi kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Tanda positif pada koefisien regresi memberi arti bahwa peningkatan skor motivasi kerja akan meningkatkan kinerja pegawai. Secara parsial variabel pelatihan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Tanda positif pada koefisien regresi memberi arti bahwa peningkatan skor pelatihan akan meningkatkan kinerja pegawai. Berdasarkan uji persial diketahui variabel motivasi kerja merupakan variabel yang paling dominan memengaruhi kinerja pegawai. Buat instansi supaya lebih memperhatikan pelatihan yang diberikan kepada pegawai hal ini merupakan bagian dari motivasi kepada pegawai. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa pelatihan merupakan faktor paling terendah yang memengaruhi kinerja pegawai di Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah, hal ini disebabkan karena pegawai jarang mengikuti pelatihan. Pimpinan harus memperbanyak mengirim peserta mengikuti pelatihan yang benar-benar dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kerja pegawai, sehingga akan berdampak pada peningkatan kinerja pegawai dan bermuara pada peningkatan kinerja instansi juga.
PREDIKSI KEBANGKRUTAN PADA BANK BUMN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Salman Muhammad , Wulandari Catur
Published: July 2021

The research was conducted with the aim of knowing the prediction of the potential for bankruptcy of the four State-Owned Enterprises (BRI, BNI, Bank Mandiri and BTN) using the Altman Z-Score, Springate and Grover G-Score models. The data analysis method used a prediction model for the occurrence of bankruptcy consisting of the Altman Z-Score, Springate and Grover G-Score. The results showed that the prediction of bankruptcy (financial distress) using the Altman Z Score model was obtained from 2015-2019 for the four State-Owned Enterprise Banks (BRI, BNI, Bank Mandiri and BTN) as a whole obtained Z Score between 1.42-1 88 or at the criteria (cut off) Z <181 has the potential to go bankrupt and 1.81 <Z <2.99 gray area. Meanwhile, based on the Springate model from 2015-2019, the four State-Owned Enterprises (BRI, BNI, Bank Mandiri and BTN) overall obtained a Springate of 1.95 - 44.08 and were in the criteria (cut off) S> 0.862 and can be declared as not potentially bankrupt (healthy). Then based on Grover, it was obtained from 2015-2019 in the four State-Owned Enterprise Banks (BRI, BNI, Bank Mandiri and BTN) as a whole obtained a G Score of 1.71 - 2.15 and were in the criteria of G ≥ 0.01 or no potential bankrupt (healthy). The results showed that the Altman Z Score model has a better value than Springate and Grover because the number of ratios is more so that it can predict bankruptcy better
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN BISNIS RESTORAN CHICKEN CRUSH TUASAN MEDAN
Authors: Siahaan Sabda Dian Nurani , Hasibuan Novita Indah
Published: July 2021

Sebuah studi kelayakan bisnis diperlukan untuk mengetahui gambaran tentang kemungkinan sebuah bisnis untuk dijalankan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah restoran Chicken Crush yang terletak di Tuasan, Medan layak dijalankan atau tidak. Setiap aspek yang menjadi indikator dalam studi kelayakan bisnis harus memenuhi standar tertentu, namun penilaian tidak hanya dilakukan pada satu aspek saja. Penilaian untuk memutuskan kelayakan harus didasarkan pada beberapa aspek. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif berdasarkan aspek-aspek Studi Kelayakan Bisnis, yaitu, Aspek Hukum, Aspek Pasar dan Pemasaran, Aspek Teknis/Operasi, Aspek Manajemen & SDM, Aspek Ekonomi, Sosial dan Politik dan Aspek Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan (AMDAL). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa restoran Chicken Crush, Tuasan Medan layak untuk dijalankan dan memiliki prospek yang bagus.
IMPLEMENTASI TECHNOLOGICAL PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE SEBAGAI MODERNISASI DI BIDANG PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Rizqiyah Nayla
Published: July 2021

Technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) is a relatively new learning model in the world of education. The practice of implementing this method includes mastery of technology, pedagogy and knowledge of learning content. TPACK is involved in the process of compiling learning designs, learning models and strategies, assessing and rearranging connected curricula and making technology the basis of reference for educational development. The research was carried out randomly on college students and the results of the research were described using a qualitative descriptive method. The relationship between TPACK and modernization in the world of education are two inseparable things, the inclusion of technology in elements of Indonesian education has had a significant effect and has changed the conventional order with a new order of methods and is expected to bring Indonesian education to a more advanced direction. It is hoped that research can provide benefits for developing the field of the education system as well as as additional information for other research.
GAYA HIDUP DAN HASIL BELAJAR MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN TERHADAP PERILAKU PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN MAHASISWA
Authors: Rozaini Noni , Purwita Suci
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Gaya Hidup dan Hasil Belajar Manajemen Keuangan Terhadap Perilaku Pengelolaan Keuangan Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Bisnis 2016 Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Medan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 96 Mahasiswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah metode Total Sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket sebanyak 47 soal untuk variabel Gaya Hidup dan Pengelolaan Keuangan, sementara nilai akhir Hasil Belajar Manajemen Keuangan untuk mengukur Hasil Belajar Manajemen Keuangan. Secara simultan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel Gaya Hidup dan Hasil elajar Manajemen Keuangan terdapat Pengaruh positif dan signifikan Terhadap Perilaku Pengelolaan Keuangan pada Mahasiswa dengan nilai Fhitung >  Ftabel (10,224 > 3,09) dan signifikan sebesar 0,000 < 0,005. Variabel Gaya Hidup dan Hasil Belajar Manajemen Keuangan memberikan Pengaruh sebesar 11,5% Terhadap Perilaku Pengelolaaan Keuangan.
KELAYAKAN USAHA MINYAK KELAPA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN PETANI DI KECAMATAN SEI KEPAYANG BARAT
Authors: Matondang Khairani Alawiyah
Published: July 2021

Kelapa merupakan tanaman yang memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan,. Dari sebuah buah kelapa dapat dikembangkan bermacam-macam produk yang memiliki nilai tambah yang lebih besar. Potensi perkebunan kelapa yang ada di Kecamatan Sei Kepayang Barat memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan. Pengembangan produk turunan kelapa memiliki peluang besar meningkatkan pendapatan petani. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kecamatan Sei Kepayang Barat dengan menggunakan metode analisis kelayakan finansial. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui nilai tambah buah kelapa melalui produk turunannya minyak kelapa. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa usaha minyak kelapa dapat dikembangkan melalui bumdes Kelapa merupakan tanaman yang memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan,. Dari sebuah buah kelapa dapat dikembangkan bermacam-macam produk yang memiliki nilai tambah yang lebih besar. Potensi perkebunan kelapa yang ada di Kecamatan Sei Kepayang Barat memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan. Pengembangan produk turunan kelapa memiliki peluang besar meningkatkan pendapatan petani. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kecamatan Sei Kepayang Barat dengan menggunakan metode analisis kelayakan finansial. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui nilai tambah buah kelapa melalui produk turunannya minyak kelapa. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa usaha minyak kelapa dapat dikembangkan melalui bumdes
Legal and organizational aspects of tourist visa processing: international and national peculiarities
Authors: Akhyadov Elman Said-Mokhmadovich , Maslennikova Elena Gennadievna , Ochakovskii Victor
Published: July 2021

The paper examines the legal and organizational aspects of obtaining tourist visas that affect the state of inbound tourism. Visa formalities are one of the attributes of modern tourism, which has a contradictory nature. The purpose of the study is to identify the features and problems of visa formalities for tourist enterprises and tourists and to identify ways to simplify visa procedures when tourists enter the territory of Russia. The article systematizes the rules for obtaining a visa obtained in the framework of this study, which are part of the formation of the tour. Based on the highlighted features of visa formalities for tourist enterprises and tourists, as well as the analysis of the forms of the visa regime, the article identifies the problems of visa formalities and presents ways to simplify visa procedures for the entry of foreign citizens (non-residents) into the territory of Russia. The proposed methods are a tool for a continuous, consistent, and progressive process of simplifying the visa regime in Russia.
Racionalidad señorial y memoria administrativa: los libros de cuentas del condado de Dénia a finales del siglo XIV
Authors: Viciano Navarro Pau
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar cómo se reflejaba la gestión de las haciendas señoriales, tanto la memoria administrativa que permitía la reproducción del ciclo fiscal como la supervisión de las cuentas, en la estructura material de los registros contables (división en capítulos y asientos, anotaciones de los supervisores, sumas parciales y balances). La fuente utilizada han sido los dos libros de cuentas de 1376, correspondientes a las comunidades cristianas y musulmanas del condado. Así se ha podido establecer que la lógica de la gestión, mediante la técnica de “cargo y descargo”, consistía efectivamente en el control de los agentes fiscales y en la fijación de los derechos señoriales, en lugar de aportar información para la toma de decisiones de carácter innovador. Mediante estos registros, la racionalidad señorial consistía en asegurar la sucesión de las recaudaciones evitando el fraude o la negligencia de sus agentes.
Tipología de las rentas y estructura hacendística en los señoríos andaluces a inicios de la Edad Moderna. La casa de los adelantados de Andalucía
Authors: Ayoso Jesus Manuel García
Published: July 2021

En este trabajo pretendemos hacer un análisis de la hacienda señorial de la Casa de los Enríquez de Ribera, adelantados de Andalucía. En este sentido, para estudiar la hacienda de los adelantados de Andalucía resulta de vital importancia el análisis del libro de rentas del año 1543, dónde se recoge una a una todas las rentas percibidas por los marqueses de Tarifa en cada una de sus villas. De este modo, la conservación de esta importante fuente documental permite estudiar tanto la tipología fiscal( rentas sobre la tierra, tercias reales, almojarifazgos y monopolios), como también cada una de las mayordomías, esto es, cada una de los espacios administrativos, de los que los Enríquez de Ribera extraían sus rentas, en un proceso de expansión y consolidación y diversificación de sus fuentes de rentas, que se enmarca dentro de la consolidación de las bases del poder de la aristocracia que tuvo lugar en el ámbito castellano, y andaluz a fines de la Edad Media y principios de la Edad Moderna.
Património e recursos das comendas: sociabilidades, gestão de entradas e práticas fiscais (séculos XIII-XVI)
Authors: Pinto Costa Paula
Published: July 2021

El propósito de este texto es centrarse en las encomiendas como elementos clave en la articulación entre la gestión de los recursos patrimoniales y rentistas de las Órdenes Militares y la presión real y social sobre ellos. Las encomiendas son expresiones de poder y sociabilidad que iban más allá de las Órdenes, ya que reflejaban fuertes ambiciones externas. Desde la transición del siglo XIII al XIV, un momento crucial en la historia de estas Órdenes, se conocen evidencias de declive y transformación del señorío, que coincidieron con una mayor dependencia de estas Órdenes ante la corona y con una mayor exposición a algunos grupos sociales. Así, es importante identificar los instrumentos para su mantenimiento bajo el control real, así como los que cada Orden implementó, teniendo en vista la gestión de los derechos sobre los activos territoriales, los sistemas para recaudar rentas y otros tipos de ingresos, mecanismos fiscales y esfuerzos para organizar la contabilidad.
Destino y formas de recaudación de las rentas en el señorío andaluz de la Orden de Santiago a finales de la Edad Media
Authors: Peinado Santaella Rafael G.
Published: July 2021

En una primera parte resumo las magnitudes territoriales, demográficas y fiscales del señorío santiaguista en la Andalucía del Guadalquivir y ofrezco unas pinceladas sobre la personalidad de los comendadores y de los conflictos que algunos de ellos tuvieron con la mesa maestral, para abordar luego los conceptos del gasto que debían afrontar las encomiendas, los encargados de administrarlas y los sistemas seguidos para recaudar las rentas decimales y señoriales y cómo se explotaban las escasas propiedades territoriales.
Catedral, universidad y corte: espacios de producción musical en la obra de Juan del Encina
Authors: Ballester Morell Blanca
Published: July 2021

La obra musical de Juan del Encina ha sido abordada desde múltiples enfoques y, específicamente, con este trabajo se pretende ahondar en los tres espacios que acogieron su proyecto artístico —la universidad y la catedral de Salamanca y la corte de Alba de Tormes— prestando especial atención a los comentarios que el propio autor incluye en sus textos a propósito del arte musical y de su ejercicio en las postrimerías del siglo xv.
Mujeres, negocio y mercaduría a finales de la Edad Media: algunos apuntes sobre el País Vasco
Authors: Castrillo Casado Janire
Published: July 2021

Este trabajo ahonda en la caracterización de las mujeres comerciantes a finales de la Edad Media, a partir del examen del caso vasco. Se analiza su marco de actuación jurídica y se evalúan algunos contratos que suscribieron y los procesos judiciales que derivaron de los mismos. Con ello, se arroja luz sobre el tipo de mujeres que intervinieron en el mundo del comercio, algunos de los ámbitos en los que entablaron negocios y las circunstancias bajo las que operaron. Aparecen mujeres de distinta condición civil, todas pertenecientes a familias de mercaderes, tomando parte, sobre todo, en tratos relacionados con el hierro y el comercio marítimo. Se perfila toda una serie de factores que condicionaron el emprendimiento femenino, como la mentalidad de la época y las limitaciones legales, en sentido restrictivo; y la titularidad sobre un considerable patrimonio, la confianza depositada en ellas por sus parientes varones y las dotes personales, como favorecedores de aquel.
Fiscalidad regia y haciendas nobiliarias en Castilla (c. 1250-c. 1350): los situados en los textos normativos
Authors: Álvarez Borge Ignacio
Published: July 2021

Aunque la documentación fiscal que se ha conservado en Castilla es muy escasa antes del siglo XV, algunos documentos del reinado de Sancho IV permiten constatar la importancia de los pagos de rentas a los nobles por la hacienda regia ya a finales del siglo XIII. También las crónicas informan sobre ello. Sin embargo, no conocemos cómo funcionaba el sistema. Para ello, en este artículo estudiaremos la información contenida en los textos normativos: los códigos legales alfonsinos (Fuero Real, Espéculo y Siete Partidas), las recopilaciones legislativas (Fuero Viejo y otros textos) y los cuadernos de Cortes. En ninguno de ellos se ofrece una regulación global, pero el conjunto de las informaciones parciales permite una visión general.
Os Animais Simbólicos na versão galega da General Estoria
Authors: De Sacadura Chambel Pedro Alexandre
Published: July 2021

En nuestro estudio analizamos el simbolismo animal presente en la versión gallega de la General Estoria. Los animales se estudian en tres situaciones. En la primera, en los relatos míticos del inicio del mundo que reflejan simbólicamente el arduo camino del hombre hacia la civilización, donde surgen los animales relacionados con personajes legendarios que fundaron una actividad humana. Luego, analizamos las narrativas en las que se les brinda a los animales una lectura simbólica, que luego es explicada por el autor, enmarcada con las propuestas simbólicas que se produjeron en la época. También estudiamos la presencia de animales en un milagre ya que remite a la esfera de lo indecible, que solo se puede expresar a través de un símbolo. A continuación, indicamos las diferentes situaciones en las que aparecen los animales en la Historia general, y analizamos el número de veces que se menciona a cada animal. En la conclusión, defendemos la originalidad de las lecturas simbólicas de la obra.
Fiesta, risa y comunicación social en la Baja Edad Media
Authors: López Villalba José Miguel
Published: July 2021

La fiesta urbana en la Edad Media significaba un paréntesis, en medio de una existencia vulgar sin imágenes amables. La celebración del Carnaval y otros espectáculos burlescos resultaron contrarios a la norma opresiva, porque daban lugar a una interpretación libre de la vida que se entendía como fuente de emancipación. En unos ámbitos poco propicios a la diversión, la risa fue muy perseguida, pero siempre encontró el refugio en las celebraciones donde participaban las clases populares. Los concejos colaboraron económicamente para aumentar el esplendor de las solemnidades aunque a costa de obtener mayor control sobre los participantes. La comunicación social se potenció entre los diferentes grupos urbanos, como efecto de la masiva participación comunitaria en las festividades.
Los privilegios rodados del Archivo Ducal de Medinaceli: Una sección facticia singular
Authors: Sánchez González Antonio
Published: July 2021

Existe en España una colección de documentos iluminados que es única y particularmente singular, no solo por su innegable belleza sino principalmente por su alto valor histórico. Son los casi cien privilegios rodados originales, de los siglos XII al XV, que se custodian en el Archivo Ducal de Medinaceli, procedentes de los fondos de varias casas nobiliarias que se le fueron agregando a lo largo de los siglos. La denominación de "rodado" proviene de la característica rueda o signum regis circular que se representa en este genuino documento de las cancillerías de los reyes de Castilla y León de la Baja Edad Media para el otorgamiento de concesiones a súbditos y a instituciones sirvientes o leales, lo que les convertían en auténticos instrumentos de garantía de derechos, propaganda y poder. Dedicamos este artículo a esta colección, tratando su contenido, independientemente de sus caracteres externos.
Organização do Território e Fiscalidade Régia em Portugal: as Origens (Sécs. XII-XIV)
Authors: De Sottomayor-Pizarro José Augusto
Published: July 2021

A partir de una síntesis sobre la evolución de la conquista y construcción del reino de Portugal, casi siempre bajo la iniciativa de la corona, así como de la forma muy temprana en que los monarcas portugueses, desde la fundación del reino, impusieron de forma muy continuada una política de fortalecimiento de sus poderes, se intenta demostrar cómo el grupo de la nobleza portuguesa nunca tuvo una expresión territorial o política significativa. A partir de entonces, será a través de uno de los instrumentos más eficaces utilizados por los monarcas portugueses desde principios del siglo XIII hasta mediados del siglo XIV, las “Inquirições Gerais” (Encuestas Generales), para evaluar los bienes y controlar los abusos señoriales, que se intentará comprender cómo se gestionaba el patrimonio de la aristocracia portuguesa.