bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interatrial septum dissection and atrial wall hematoma following transseptal puncture: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Meier David , Antiochos Panagiotis , Herrera‐Siklody Claudia , Eeckhout Eric , Delabays Alain , Tzimas Georgios , Fournier Stephane , Pascale Patrizio , Muller Olivier , Monney Pierre
Published: October 2019

Background

Interatrial septum (IAS) dissection due to transseptal puncture (TSP) is a rare, underreported complication of the procedure. Data on the mechanism, diagnosis, and management of this complication are lacking.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review of all reported cases of IAS dissection with or without associated LA hematoma due to TSP, by thoroughly searching MEDLINE and EMBASE through May 2019.

Results

After screening of n = 882 studies, eight studies with a total of 19 patients addressed the complication of IAS dissection and/or LA hematoma secondary to TSP. Median age was 63 years with a 1:1 male to female ratio. Ablation of atrial fibrillation was the most frequently reported procedure (84%). Diagnosis was established using fluoroscopy with contrast injection (58%), TEE (32%) or intracardiac echocardiography (5%). The mechanism identified involved puncture of the septum secundum portion of the IAS, leading to transient needle passage into the extracardiac space. In the majority of patients, the hematoma remained localized in the IAS and management was conservative with progressive resolution of the hematoma during follow‐up (95%). Two patients (11%) required further intervention by either pericardiocentesis or surgical drainage due to hemodynamic instability.

Conclusions

IAS dissection with or without hematoma after TSP remains an underdiagnosed entity. The main mechanism involves lesion to the septum secundum portion of the IAS, resulting in needle passage into the extracardiac space and local bleeding. Although conservative management may be sufficient in the majority of cases, interventional cardiologists should be familiar with this complication and its diagnosis.
Extensive Structure–Activity Relationship Study of Albicidin's C‐Terminal Dipeptidic p‐Aminobenzoic Acid Moiety
Authors: Behroz Iraj , Durkin Patrick , Grätz Stefan , Seidel Maria , Rostock Lida , Spinczyk Marcello , Weston John B. , Süssmuth Roderich D.
Published: October 2019

Albicidin is a recently described natural product that strongly inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase. The pronounced activity, particularly against Gram‐negative bacteria, turns it into a promising lead structure for an antibacterial drug. Hence, structure–activity relationship studies are key for the in‐depth understanding of structural features/moieties affecting gyrase inhibition, antibacterial activity and overcoming resistance. The 27 newly synthesized albicidins give profound insights into possibilities for variations of the C‐terminus. Furthermore, in the present study, a novel derivative has been identified as overcoming resistance posed by the Klebsiella‐protease AlbD. Structural modifications include, for example, azahistidine replacing the previous instable cyanoalanine as the central amino acid, as well as a triazole amide bond isostere between building blocks D and E.
Accelerating simulations of cardiac electrical dynamics through a multi‐GPU platform and an optimized data structure
Authors: Vasconcellos Eduardo C. , Clua Esteban W.G. , Fenton Flavio H. , Zamith Marcelo
Published: October 2019

Simulations of cardiac electrophysiological models in tissue, particularly in 3D require the solutions of billions of differential equations even for just a couple of milliseconds, thus highly demanding in computational resources. In fact, even studies in small domains with very complex models may take several hours to reproduce seconds of electrical cardiac behavior. Today's Graphics Processor Units (GPUs) are becoming a way to accelerate such simulations, and give the added possibilities to run them locally without the need for supercomputers. Nevertheless, when using GPUs, bottlenecks related to global memory access caused by the spatial discretization of the large tissue domains being simulated, become a big challenge. For simulations in a single GPU, we propose a strategy to accelerate the computation of the diffusion term through a data‐structure and memory access pattern designed to maximize coalescent memory transactions and minimize branch divergence, achieving results approximately 1.4 times faster than a standard GPU method. We also combine this data structure with a designed communication strategy to take advantage in the case of simulations in multi‐GPU platforms. We demonstrate that, in the multi‐GPU approach performs, simulations in 3D tissue can be just 4× slower than real time.
Impressive Enrichment of Semiempirical Quantum Mechanics‐Based Scoring Function: HSP90 Protein with 4541 Inhibitors and Decoys
Authors: Eyrilmez Saltuk M. , Köprülüoğlu Cemal , Řezáč Jan , Hobza Pavel
Published: October 2019

The image shows the ability of SQM‐based frame to separate the actives (background: green spheres) from inactives (red spheres) while maintaining a powerful sampling (front: HSP90 crystal complex). Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cphc.201900628.
Overlapped universal filtered multicarrier system for uplink wireless communication
Authors: Zhang Mingxuan , Miao Weiwei , Dang Jian , Ding Zhengyang , Zhang Shaqian , Zeng Zeng , Tang Hao , Wu Mengting , Zhang Zaichen , Wu Liang
Published: October 2019

Universal filtered multicarrier (UFMC) is a promising new waveform that eliminates cyclic prefix and performs filtering on a chunk of successive subcarriers. Therefore, it is suitable for applications with requirements on high spectral efficiency and low latency. However, the limited bandwidth may be an obstacle for reliable communication in frequency selective channels. This paper proposes a new transmitter structure for uplink wireless communication system based on UFMC waveform. The basic idea is to allow a user to transmit its information on more than one subband simultaneously, increasing its robustness against frequency selectivity. To eliminate the multiuser interference brought by the overlapped transmission strategy, an iterative receiver with parallel interference cancellation is designed. Rate analysis is provided to reveal the rationale of the proposed scheme. Simulations on the symbol error rate performance are conducted to validate the transceiver design. It is found that the proposed scheme outperforms existing UFMC design without sacrificing any other performance metrics with only moderately increased complexity.
Synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of apioarabinofuranosyl pyrimidines
Authors: Sivakrishna Balija , Islam Sehbanul , Santra Manas K. , Pal Shantanu
Published: October 2019

In view of the potent anticancer activity of the d‐arabino‐configured cytosine nucleoside (ara‐C), apioarabinofuranosyl pyrimidine nucleosides were designed and synthesized from d‐ribose as starting material. The synthetic strategy signifies that tosylation followed by in situ cyclization, one‐pot controlled oxidative cleavage and acetylation by Pb(OAc)4, stereoselective nucleobase condensation, inversion of hydroxyl group and uracil group converted to cytosine as the key steps. Synthesized apioarabinofuranosyl pyrimidine nucleosides were tested using breast, colon, and ovarian cancer cell lines. However, only compound 19a, 19b, and 22b have a moderate growth‐suppressive effect against the luminal A breast cancer cell line MCF7.
Metabolically similar cohorts of bacteria exhibit strong cooccurrence patterns with diet items and eukaryotic microbes in lizard guts
Authors: Holmes Iris A. , Monagan Ivan V. , Rabosky Daniel L. , Davis Rabosky Alison R.
Published: October 2019

Gut microbiomes perform essential services for their hosts, including helping them to digest food and manage pathogens and parasites. Performing these services requires a diverse and constantly changing set of metabolic functions from the bacteria in the microbiome. The metabolic repertoire of the microbiome is ultimately dependent on the outcomes of the ecological interactions of its member microbes, as these interactions in part determine the taxonomic composition of the microbiome. The ecological processes that underpin the microbiome's ability to handle a variety of metabolic challenges might involve rapid turnover of the gut microbiome in response to new metabolic challenges, or it might entail maintaining sufficient diversity in the microbiome that any new metabolic demands can be met from an existing set of bacteria. To differentiate between these scenarios, we examine the gut bacteria and resident eukaryotes of two generalist‐insectivore lizards, while simultaneously identifying the arthropod prey each lizard was digesting at the time of sampling. We find that the cohorts of bacteria that occur significantly more or less often than expected with arthropod diet items or eukaryotes include bacterial species that are highly similar to each other metabolically. This pattern in the bacterial microbiome could represent an early step in the taxonomic shifts in bacterial microbiome that occur when host lineages change their diet niche over evolutionary timescales.
Zur Abschätzung der sicheren Entfernung bei unterirdischen Explosionen
Authors: Zimbelmann Jörg , Boley Conrad
Published: October 2019

Während des zweiten Weltkriegs wurden über Deutschland ca. 1.400.000 t Bomben abgeworfen. Sofern die Gefährdungsabschätzung einen Kontaminationsverdacht bestätigt, muss im Zuge des Räumkonzepts der Gefährdungsbereich bzw. die sichere Entfernung abgeschätzt werden. Für zivile Anwendungsbereiche wie die Kampfmittelräumung ist ein Hilfsmittel wünschenswert, anhand dessen der Gefährdungsbereich bzw. die sichere Entfernung. Außerhalb der ein Gebäude unbeschädigt bleibt, schnell und einfach abgeschätzt werden kann. Die Vorgehensweise zur Entwicklung eines solchen Hilfsmittels wird beispielhaft für oberflächennahe, unterirdische Explosionen mit einer Ladungsmasse von 125 kg TNT, einem trockenen Sand als Baugrund, flachgegründete Gebäude ohne Kellergeschoss und Ladungstiefen von 0,5 bis 2 m vorgestellt.
Mineralogy and He–Ar isotopic compositions of pyrites in the Paishanlou Au deposit on the northern margin of North China Craton
Authors: Bai Yang , Zhang Lianchang , Zhu Mingtian , Huang Ke , Wang Yibo , Shi Fangping
Published: October 2019

The Paishanlou Au deposit is an altered‐rock type with the magmatic‐hydrothermal type deposit on the northern margin of the North China Craton and hosts a resource of ~40 tonnes Au. The deposit is hosted in the Neoarchean metamorphic rocks of the Jianping Group and is controlled mainly by ENE–NW‐trending ductile shear zones. The orebodies are stratoid, and mineralization styles are divided into auriferous altered felsic mylonite and altered biotite plagioclase mylonite. The sulphide minerals are dominated by pyrite that is recognized as pyrite 1, pyrite 2, and pyrite 3 based on crystalline form and structure, and pyrite 2 is the main auriferous mineral. Three types of pyrite were selected for electron microprobe analysis (EPMA), and the results show S deficiency, indicating that the pyrites are formed in reducing conditions. The pyrites have a trend from being Fe deficient to being Fe enriched, suggesting that the crystallization rate increases with the decrease of impurity composition from the early to the late stage. The Co/Ni ratios and Co–Ni–As diagram reflect that the Paishanlou Au deposit is associated with magmatic‐hydrothermal and is affected by various hydrothermal. He–Ar isotopic analyses of auriferous pyrite 2 indicate that the ore‐forming fluids are mixtures of mantle‐derived and modified air‐saturated water (MASW). 3He/4He ratios range from 0.21 to 1.51 Ra (Ra = 1.39 × 10−6 for air), corresponding to a 2.18%–19.06% mantle He contribution. The formation of mixed ore‐forming fluids was related to magmatism associated with craton destruction during the Early Cretaceous. Also, we attempt to use the thermoelectric characteristics of pyrite and a contour chart of Au grades to indicate potential mineralization prospecting areas.
Design and properties prediction of modified CL‐20 energetic derivatives
Authors: Li Yunqiu , Li Bin , Xie Lifeng
Published: October 2019

We designed a series of energetic compounds based on the CL‐20 molecular skeleton, and the properties including molecular geometric structures, electronic structures, density, heat of formation, detonation performances, and impact sensitivity were evaluated using density functional theory (DFT). The results indicate that five molecules have higher density values than that of Octahydro‐1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocine (HMX; 1.91 g/cm3) and A4 has a larger density value (2.07 g/cm3) than that of CL‐20 (2.04 g/cm3). In addition, most of the molecules have better detonation performances and stability than those of CL‐20, with A4 showing much greater detonation velocity (9.93 km/s) and pressure (47.32 GPa) than those of CL‐20 with a h50 value of 14.02 cm. Taking both excellent detonation performance and low sensitivity into consideration, all seven compounds except for A3 and A5 are considered as potential energetic compounds. These theoretically calculated results would be conducive to the design and synthesis of novel nitramine energetic compounds.
HCN‐producing Pseudomonas protegens CHA0 affects intraradical viability of Rhizophagus irregularis in Sorghum vulgare roots
Authors: Deepika Sharma , Mittal Amit , Kothamasi David
Published: October 2019

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria inhabit the plant rhizosphere. Both functional groups can influence plant community structures, and interactions between them can vary from being synergistic to antagonistic. HCN‐producing Pseudomonas protegens CHA0 is a plant growth–promoting rhizobacterium. P. protegens CHA0 has been shown to weakly attach to AMF hyphae. Here, we analyze the effect of P. protegens CHA0 on the viability of intraradical AMF hyphae. Using pot experiments, we have grown mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal Sorghum vulgare var. M35 with P. protegens CHA0 or HCN– mutant P. protegens CHA77, which did not produce HCN. Mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal Sorghum grown without CHA0 or CHA77 served as the control. While metabolically active AMF was not detected in mycorrhizal plants grown with HCN+ CHA0, the percentage of root colonization of metabolically active AMF in plants grown with HCN– CHA77 was lower than in the control. Root phosphorus was highest in mycorrhizal plants grown with HCN+ CHA0, but root Fe was higher in plants grown with the bacterial strains. Our results indicate that HCN‐producing P. protegens can affect the viability of intraradical AMF.
Analytical computation of mutual inductance between two rectangular spiral coils with misalignments for wireless power applications
Authors: Wu Dehui , Cheng Fang , Huang Chao
Published: October 2019

Misalignments between the transmitter and receiver coils are unavoidable in practical wireless power applications. Therefore, the computation of mutual inductance (MI) of coils with misalignments is valuable in terms of its engineering aspects. In this article, an analytical model of MI between two rectangular spiral coils with misalignments is proposed. The MI calculation with all possible layout s of two parallel rectangular spiral coils, including coaxial misalignment, lateral misalignment, rotational misalignment, and combinations of them, can be addressed by the proposed formula. Another advantage of the new formula is that, by incorporating a multiplicative spiral factor, the MI of rectangular spiral coils can be simply calculated similar to single‐turn rectangular coils. A series of experiments were performed, and the measured results agree well with the theoretically predicted values from the formula.
Reduced dimension GDSW coarse spaces for monolithic Schwarz domain decomposition methods for incompressible fluid flow problems
Authors: Heinlein Alexander , Hochmuth Christian , Klawonn Axel
Published: October 2019

Monolithic preconditioners for incompressible fluid flow problems can significantly improve the convergence speed compared with preconditioners based on incomplete block factorizations. However, the computational costs for the setup and the application of monolithic preconditioners are typically higher. In this article, several techniques are applied to monolithic two‐level generalized Dryja‐Smith‐Widlund (GDSW) preconditioners to further improve the convergence speed and the computing time. In particular, reduced dimension GDSW coarse spaces, restricted and scaled versions of the first level, hybrid, and parallel coupling of the levels, and recycling strategies are investigated. Using a combination of all these improvements, for a small time‐dependent Navier‐Stokes problem on 240 message passing interface (MPI) ranks, a reduction of 86% of the time‐to‐solution can be obtained. Even without applying recycling strategies, the time‐to‐solution can be reduced by more than 50% for a larger steady Stokes problem on 4608 MPI ranks. For the largest problems with 11 979 MPI ranks, the scalability deteriorates drastically for the monolithic GDSW coarse space. On the other hand, using the reduced dimension coarse spaces, good scalability up to 11 979 MPI ranks, which corresponds to the largest problem configuration fitting on the employed supercomputer, could be achieved.
A hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin phase‐field model for brittle fracture with adaptive refinement
Authors: Muixí Alba , Rodríguez‐Ferran Antonio , Fernández‐Méndez Sonia
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we propose an adaptive refinement strategy for phase‐field models of brittle fracture, which is based on a novel hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) formulation of the problem. The adaptive procedure considers standard elements and only one type of h‐refined elements, dynamically located along the propagating cracks. Thanks to the weak imposition of interelement continuity in HDG methods, and in contrast with other existing adaptive approaches, hanging nodes or special transition elements are not needed, which simplifies the implementation. Various numerical experiments, including one branching test, show the accuracy, robustness, and applicability of the presented approach to quasistatic phase‐field simulations.
Proteomic Research of Molecular Defects in Globozoospermia
Authors: Ferrero Simone , Barra Fabio
Published: October 2019

Globozoospermia is a form of teratozoospermia characterized by round‐headed spermatozoa and lack of acrosome. These spermatozoa cannot penetrate the zona pellucida of the oocyte, resulting in unsuccessful fertilization and infertility. When intracytoplasmic sperm injection is performed, the fertilization rate tends to be low. Until now, the causes of this disorder remain to be elucidated; however, mutations of some genes segregating on an autosomal recessive mode have been associated with this infertile condition. DPY19L2 (dpy‐19‐like 2 [Caenorhabditis elegans]) codes for a transmembrane protein expressed predominantly in spermatids, with specific localization limited to the internal nuclear membrane. Genetic defects in the DPY19L2 gene have been demonstrated the most frequent genetic cause of globozoospermia; however, intracellular molecular pathways related to its encoded protein are largely unknown. In this issue of Proteomics Clinical Applications, Guo and co‐workers investigate the proteome of gloobozoospermic spermatozoa. The authors identified 491 proteins that are differentially expressed in globozoospermia (370 are upregulated and 121 are downregulated in DPY19L2‐deficient globozoospermic sperm). Notably, the molecular defects identified by the authors are closely related to biological processes involved in acrosome formation, chromatin composition, sperm‐egg binding, and fertilization.
Structural stability and evolution of terbium‐doped silicon clusters and influence of 4f → 5d electronic transition mechanism on magnetism and appearance of photoelectron spectroscopy for TbSin0/− (n = 6‐18) clusters
Authors: Gu Yansong , Yang Jucai , Cheng Lin
Published: October 2019

The global minimal structures of terbium‐doped Si clusters and their anions TbSi
n0/− (n = 6‐18) are confirmed by employing the ABCluster unbiased global search technique combined with a B2PLYP double‐hybrid density functional and comparing consistency of simulated and experimental photoelectron spectroscopy (PES). The results demonstrated that structural evolution patterns for neutral clusters prefer Tb‐substitutional to Tb‐encapsulated configuration starting from n = 16. While for the corresponding anionic clusters, the growth pattern adopts Tb‐linked structures to encapsulated motif. The Natural Population Analysis revealed that the 4f electrons of Tb atom in TbSi
n0/− (n = 6‐18) clusters participate in bonding. The way to participate in bonding is one 4f electron transition to 5d orbital ([Xe]6s24f9 → [Xe]6s24f85d1), which significantly affects the cluster's magnetism and appearance of PES. The total magnetic moments of neutral TbSi
n and the corresponding anions maintain at 7 μB and 6 μB, respectively, which are larger than that of an isolated Tb atom. The HOMO‐LUMO energy gap, relative stability, and chemical bonding analysis demonstrated that superatomic TbSi16− cluster is a magic cluster with fine thermodynamic and moderate chemical stability.
High‐Performance Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Enhanced by Thickness Tuning of New Dopant‐Free Hole Transporting Layer
Authors: Lai Xue , Du Mengzhen , Meng Fei , Li Gongqiang , Li Wenhui , Kyaw Aung Ko Ko , Wen Yaping , Liu Chungen , Ma Haibo , Zhang Ren , Fan Dongyu , Guo Xiao , Wang Yunhao , Ji Hongru , Wang Kai , Sun Xiao Wei , Wang Jianpu , Huang Wei
Published: October 2019

A new hole transporting material (HTM) named DMZ is synthesized and employed as a dopant‐free HTM in inverted planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Systematic studies demonstrate that the thickness of the hole transporting layer can effectively enhance the morphology and crystallinity of the perovskite layer, leading to low series resistance and less defects in the crystal. As a result, the champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.61% with JSC = 22.62 mA cm−2, VOC = 1.02 V, and FF = 81.05% (an average one is 17.62%) is achieved with a thickness of ≈13 nm of DMZ (2 mg mL−1) under standard global AM 1.5 illumination, which is ≈1.5 times higher than that of devices based on poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS). More importantly, the devices based on DMZ exhibit a much better stability (90% of maximum PCE retained after more than 556 h in air (relative humidity ≈ 45%–50%) without any encapsulation) than that of devices based on PEDOT:PSS (only 36% of initial PCE retained after 77 h in same conditions). Therefore, the cost‐effective and facile material named DMZ offers an appealing alternative to PEDOT:PSS or polytriarylamine for highly efficient and stable inverted planar PSCs.
Sensitivity analysis of the failure time of reinforcement concrete frame under postearthquake fire loading
Authors: Moradi Majid , Tavakoli Hamidreza , AbdollahZade GholamReza
Published: October 2019

Today, many scholars have drawn attention to consecutive events such as postearthquake fire (PEF). PEF is one of the rare occurrences that leads to many consequences. The resistance of structure against external loads is important for structure and earthquake engineers. The duration of structures' resistance against fire in damaged structures due to earthquake can be different from intact ones. Many parameters have an effect on the resistance of structures. This paper deals with the importance of design parameters and loading for the resistance of reinforced concrete frames during PEF loading. Three methods of Monte Carlo, Tornado diagram, and first‐order second moment have been used to analysis based on random variables. The first failure time in the reinforcement concrete frame (RC) is considered as the strength of the reinforced concrete frame to PEF load. The results depicted that among design parameters, yield stress of rebar is the most significant parameter for the resistance of reinforced concrete frames. Among the loading parameters, the intensity of the seismic load is the most important parameter. The sensitivity of the failure time of members in RC frame shows that during the low intensity of earthquakes, the cover of concrete is the main design parameter after yield strength of rebar. As the intensity of seismic loads increases, the effect of concretes' cover on the resistance of structures against fire decreases. The sensitivity of the failure time to intensity of seismic load is higher between Sa = 0.3 g to Sa = 0.8 g. Also, results show the sensitivity of the design variable decreases by increasing the intensity of the seismic load.
Asymptotic renormalization in flat space: symplectic potential and charges of electromagnetism
Authors: Freidel Laurent , Hopfmüller Florian , Riello Aldo
Published: October 2019

Abstract

We present a systematic procedure to renormalize the symplectic potential of the electromagnetic field at null infinity in Minkowski space. We work in D ≥ 6 spacetime dimensions as a toy model of General Relativity in D ≥ 4 dimensions. Total variation counterterms as well as corner counterterms are both subtracted from the symplectic potential to make it finite. These counterterms affect respectively the action functional and the Hamiltonian symmetry generators. The counterterms are local and universal. We analyze the asymptotic equations of motion and identify the free data associated with the renormalized canonical structure along a null characteristic. This allows the construction of the asymptotic renormalized charges whose Ward identity gives the QED soft theorem, supporting the physical viability of the renormalization procedure. We touch upon how to extend our analysis to the presence of logarithmic anomalies, and upon how our procedure compares to holographic renormalization.
Shapes of gravity: tensor non-Gaussianity and massive spin-2 fields
Authors: Goon Garrett , Hinterbichler Kurt , Joyce Austin , Trodden Mark
Published: October 2019

Abstract

If the graviton is the only high spin particle present during inflation, then the form of the observable tensor three-point function is fixed by de Sitter symmetry at leading order in slow-roll, regardless of the theory, to be a linear combination of two possible shapes. This is because there are only a fixed number of possible on-shell cubic structures through which the graviton can self-interact. If additional massive spin-2 degrees of freedom are present, more cubic interaction structures are possible, including those containing interactions between the new fields and the graviton, and self-interactions of the new fields. We study, in a model-independent way, how these interactions can lead to new shapes for the tensor bispectrum. In general, these shapes cannot be computed analytically, but for the case where the only new field is a partially massless spin-2 field we give simple expressions. It is possible for the contribution from additional spin-2 fields to be larger than the intrinsic Einstein gravity bispectrum and provides a mechanism for enhancing the size of the graviton bispectrum relative to the graviton power spectrum.
M5 branes and theta functions
Authors: Haghighat Babak , Sun Rui
Published: October 2019

Abstract

We propose quantum states for Little String Theories (LSTs) arising from M5 branes probing A- and D-type singularities. This extends Witten’s picture of M5 brane partition functions as theta functions to this more general setup. Compactifying the world-volume of the five-branes on a two-torus, we find that the corresponding theta functions are sections of line bundles over complex 4-tori. This formalism allows us to derive Seiberg-Witten curves for the resulting four-dimensional theories. Along the way, we prove a duality for LSTs observed by Iqbal, Hohenegger and Rey.
The accuracy and accessibility of cited evidence: a study examining mental health policy documents
Authors: Hui Aika , Rains Luke Sheridan , Todd Anita , Boaz Annette , Johnson Sonia
Published: October 2019

Purpose

Evidence-based policy making is increasingly being advocated by governments and scholars. To show that policies are informed by evidence, policy-related documents that cite external sources should ideally provide direct access to, and accurately represent, the referenced source and the evidence it provides. Our aim was to find a way to systematically assess the prevalence of referencing accuracy and accessibility issues in referenced statements selected from a sample of mental health-related policy documents.

Method

236 referenced statements were selected from 10 mental health-related policy documents published between 2013 and 2018. Policy documents were chosen as the focus of this investigation because of their relative accessibility and impact on clinical practice. Statements were rated against their referenced sources in terms of the (i) content accuracy in relation to the information provided by the referenced source and (ii) degree of accessibility of the source and the required evidence from the references provided.

Results

Of the 236 statements, 141 (59.7%) accurately represented the referenced source, 45 (19.1%) contained major errors and 50 (21.2%) contained minor errors in accuracy. For accessibility, 126 (53.4%) directly referenced primary sources of evidence that supported the claims made, 36 (15.3%) contained indirect references, 18 (7.6%) provided ‘dead-end’ references, and 11 (4.7%) references were completely inaccessible.

Conclusions

With only slightly over half of all statements assessed providing fully accessible references and accurately representing the referenced source, these components of referencing quality deserve further attention if evidence-informed policy goals are to be achieved. The rating framework used in the current study proved to be a simple and straightforward method to assess these components and can provide a baseline against which interventions can be designed to improve referencing quality.
Twenty common errors in the diagnosis and treatment of periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Li Cheng , Renz Nora , Trampuz Andrej , Ojeda-Thies Cristina
Published: October 2019

Background

Misconceptions and errors in the management of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) can compromise the treatment success. The goal of this paper is to systematically describe twenty common mistakes in the diagnosis and management of PJI, to help surgeons avoid these pitfalls.

Materials and methods

Common diagnostic and treatment errors are described, analyzed and interpreted.

Results

Diagnostic errors include the use of serum inflammatory biomarkers (such as C-reactive protein) to rule out PJI, incomplete evaluation of joint aspirate, and suboptimal microbiological procedures (such as using swabs or collection of insufficient number of periprosthetic samples). Further errors are missing possible sources of distant infection in hematogenous PJI or overreliance on suboptimal diagnostic criteria which can hinder or delay the diagnosis of PJI or mislabel infections as aseptic failure. Insufficient surgical treatment or inadequate antibiotic treatment are further reasons for treatment failure and emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Finally, wrong surgical indication, both underdebridement and overdebridement or failure to individualize treatment can jeopardize surgical results.

Conclusion

Multidisciplinary teamwork with infectious disease specialists and microbiologists in collaboration with orthopedic surgeons have a synergistic effect on the management of PJI. An awareness of the possible pitfalls can improve diagnosis and treatment results.
EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorder involving the gastrointestinal tract which mimic IBD in immunocompetent patients: case reports and literature review
Authors: Zhou Yanhua , Zhang Yanlin , Zhao Haiying , Cui Xuan , Wei Yongqiu , Wu Yongdong , Zhang Shutian , Zong Ye
Published: October 2019

Introduction

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)–associated lymphoproliferative diseases (LPD) with digestive tract involvement in immunocompetent patients is rather rare. Since the symptoms of EBV-associated LPD involving the gastrointestinal tract in immunocompetent patients are similar to those of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), most patients are initially misdiagnosed.

Case presentation

In this paper, we present two cases of EBV-associated T cell LPD involving the colon in immunocompetent patients and review the relevant literature.

Conclusion

EBV serological testing may help in detecting this disease, and our findings suggest that histopathological evidence of EBV, such as the Epstein-Barr encoding region, is very important to establish the diagnosis.
Views of nursing staff on computerized dementia screening
Authors: Zygouris Stelios , Gkioka Mara , Moraitou Despoina , Teichmann Birgit , Tsiatsos Thrasyvoulos , Papagianopoulos Sotirios , Tsolaki Magda
Published: October 2019

Background

Cognitive disorders such as dementia are common among older adults admitted to general hospitals. They can complicate treatment leading to longer hospitalization and worse outcomes. They often remain underdiagnosed as the busy routine of the hospital does not enable efficient screening and available screening instruments are not suitable for the hospital environment. Computerized cognitive testing (CCT) has been proposed as an efficient screening method as it can be employed by nonspecialists, such as nurses while featuring automatic scoring and interpretation of results.

Objective

This study validated a newly developed questionnaire for measuring the attitudes of Greek nurses towards computerized dementia screening.

Material and methods

The questionnaire was validated in a sample of 212 undergraduate psychology students and subsequently administered to a sample of 19 nurses working in a general hospital. Reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha (= 0.762). Factor analysis revealed the existence of a single factor (acceptability-feasibility) that accounted for 33.73% of variance with an eigenvalue of 3.036.

Results

The total score of all the items loading on the single factor (acceptability-feasibility) was calculated. Scores ranged between 10 and 40 with the average score for the validation group being 29.33 (SD = 4.89) and the average score for the nurses’ group being 29.50 (SD = 3.20).

Discussion

The questionnaire has acceptable reliability. Results indicate that acceptability-feasibility is high in both groups and there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups.
Targeting the delivery of dietary plant bioactives to those who would benefit most: from science to practical applications
Authors: de Roos Baukje , Aura Anna-Marja , Bronze Maria , Cassidy Aedin , Conesa María-Teresa Garcia , Gibney Eileen R. , Greyling Arno , Kaput Jim , Kerem Zohar , Knežević Nada , Kroon Paul , Landberg Rikard , Manach Claudine , Milenkovic Dragan , Rodriguez-Mateos Ana , Tomás-Barberán Francisco A. , van de Wiele Tom , Morand Christine
Published: October 2019

Background

A healthy diet and optimal lifestyle choices are amongst the most important actions for the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases. Despite this, it appears difficult to convince consumers to select more nutritious foods. Furthermore, the development and production of healthier foods do not always lead to economic profits for the agro-food sector. Most dietary recommendations for the general population represent a “one-size-fits-all approach” which does not necessarily ensure that everyone has adequate exposure to health-promoting constituents of foods. Indeed, we now know that individuals show a high variability in responses when exposed to specific nutrients, foods, or diets.

Purpose

This review aims to highlight our current understanding of inter-individual variability in response to dietary bioactives, based on the integration of findings of the COST Action POSITIVe. We also evaluate opportunities for translation of scientific knowledge on inter-individual variability in response to dietary bioactives, once it becomes available, into practical applications for stakeholders, such as the agro-food industry. The potential impact from such applications will form an important impetus for the food industry to develop and market new high quality and healthy foods for specific groups of consumers in the future. This may contribute to a decrease in the burden of diet-related chronic diseases.
Future prospects for dissecting
inter-individual variability in the absorption, distribution and elimination of plant
bioactives of relevance for cardiometabolic endpoints
Authors: Landberg Rikard , Manach Claudine , Kerckhof Frederiek-Maarten , Minihane Anne-Marie , Saleh Rasha Noureldin M. , De Roos Baukje , Tomas-Barberan Francisco , Morand Christine , Van de Wiele Tom
Published: October 2019

Purpose

The health-promoting potential of food-derived plant bioactive
compounds is evident but not always consistent across studies. Large
inter-individual variability may originate from differences in digestion,
absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME). ADME can be modulated
by age, sex, dietary habits, microbiome composition, genetic variation, drug
exposure and many other factors. Within the recent COST Action POSITIVe,
large-scale literature surveys were undertaken to identify the reasons and
extent of inter-individual variability in ADME of selected plant bioactive
compounds of importance to cardiometabolic health. The aim of the present review
is to summarize the findings and suggest a framework for future studies designed
to investigate the etiology of inter-individual variability in plant bioactive
ADME and bioefficacy.

Results

Few studies have reported individual data on the ADME of bioactive
compounds and on determinants such as age, diet, lifestyle, health status and
medication, thereby limiting a mechanistic understanding of the main drivers of
variation in ADME processes observed across individuals. Metabolomics represent
crucial techniques to decipher inter-individual variability and to stratify
individuals according to metabotypes reflecting the intrinsic capacity to absorb
and metabolize bioactive compounds.

Conclusion

A methodological framework was developed to decipher how the
contribution from genetic variants or microbiome variants to ADME of bioactive
compounds can be predicted. Future study design should include (1) a larger
number of study participants, (2) individual and full profiling of all possible
determinants of internal exposure, (3) the presentation of individual ADME data
and (4) incorporation of omics platforms, such as genomics, microbiomics and
metabolomics in ADME and efficacy studies.
Effect of food-related behavioral activation therapy on food intake and the environmental impact of the diet: results from the MooDFOOD prevention trial
Authors: Grasso Alessandra C. , Olthof Margreet R. , van Dooren Corné , Roca Miquel , Gili Margalida , Visser Marjolein , Cabout Mieke , Bot Mariska , Penninx Brenda W. J. H. , van Grootheest Gerard , Kohls Elisabeth , Hegerl Ulrich , Owens Matthew , Watkins Ed , Brouwer Ingeborg A. ,   the MooDFOOD Prevention Trial Investigators, Visser Marjolein , Brouwer Ingeborg A. , Cabout Mieke , Penninx Brenda , Bot Mariska , Paans Nadine , Thesing Carisha , Gibson-Smith Deborah , Horsfall Melany , Weiss Lena , Watkins Ed , Owens Matthew , Romijn Amy , Bunce Hannah , Winfield Owain , Roca Miquel , Gili Margarita , Tortella Miquel , Covas Clara Homar , Forteza Margalida Vives , Gracia Adoración Castro , Pérez-Ara Maria Angeles , Reig José Luis , Hegerl Ulrich , Kohls Elisabeth , Hoesel Jana , Dogan Ezgi , Baldofski Sabrina , Mauche Nicole , Penninx Brenda , van Grootheest Gerard , Verkerk Bep
Published: October 2019

Purpose

Food-based dietary guidelines are proposed to not only improve diet quality, but to also reduce the environmental impact of diets. The aim of our study was to investigate whether food-related behavioral activation therapy (F-BA) applying Mediterranean-style dietary guidelines altered food intake and the environmental impact of the diet in overweight adults with subsyndromal symptoms of depression.

Methods

In total 744 adults who either received the F-BA intervention (F-BA group) or no intervention (control group) for 12 months were included in this analysis. Food intake data were collected through a food frequency questionnaire at baseline and after 6 and 12 months. Greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), land use (LU), and fossil energy use (FEU) estimates from life-cycle assessments and a weighted score of the three (pReCiPe score) were used to estimate the environmental impact of each individual diet at each timepoint.

Results

The F-BA group reported increased intakes of vegetables (19.7 g/day; 95% CI 7.8–31.6), fruit (23.0 g/day; 9.4–36.6), fish (7.6 g/day; 4.6–10.6), pulses/legumes (4.0 g/day; 1.6–6.5) and whole grains (12.7 g/day; 8.0–17.5), and decreased intake of sweets/extras (− 6.8 g/day; − 10.9 to − 2.8) relative to control group. This effect on food intake resulted in no change in GHGE, LU, and pReCiPe score, but a relative increase in FEU by 1.6 MJ/day (0.8, 2.4).

Conclusions

A shift towards a healthier Mediterranean-style diet does not necessarily result in a diet with reduced environmental impact in a real-life setting.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov. Number of identification: NCT02529423. August 2015.
Quantitative trait loci for starch-corrected chip color after harvest, cold storage and after reconditioning mapped in diploid potato
Authors: Sołtys-Kalina Dorota , Szajko Katarzyna , Wasilewicz-Flis Iwona , Mańkowski Dariusz , Marczewski Waldemar , Śliwka Jadwiga
Published: October 2019

The objective of this study was to map the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for chip color after harvest (AH), cold storage (CS) and after reconditioning (RC) in diploid potato and compare them with QTLs for starch-corrected chip color. Chip color traits AH, CS, and RC significantly correlated with tuber starch content (TSC). To limit the effect of starch content, the chip color was corrected for TSC. The QTLs for chip color (AH, CS, and RC) and the starch-corrected chip color determined with the starch content after harvest (SCAH), after cold storage (SCCS) and after reconditioning (SCRC) were compared to assess the extent of the effect of starch and the location of genetic factors underlying this effect on chip color. We detected QTLs for the AH, CS, RC and starch-corrected traits on ten potato chromosomes, confirming the polygenic nature of the traits. The QTLs with the strongest effects were detected on chromosomes I (AH, 0 cM, 11.5% of variance explained), IV (CS, 43.9 cM, 12.7%) and I (RC, 49.7 cM, 14.1%). When starch correction was applied, the QTLs with the strongest effects were revealed on chromosomes VIII (SCAH, 39.3 cM, 10.8% of variance explained), XI (SCCS, 79.5 cM, 10.9%) and IV (SCRC, 43.9 cM, 10.8%). Applying the starch correction changed the landscape of QTLs for chip color, as some QTLs became statistically insignificant, shifted or were refined, and new QTLs were detected for SCAH. The QTLs on chromosomes I and IV were significant for all traits with and without starch correction.
Rational Points of Some Elliptic Curves Related to the Tilings of the Equilateral Triangle
Authors: Laczkovich Miklós
Published: October 2019

Let n be a positive and squarefree integer. We show that the equilateral triangle can be dissected into $$n\cdot k^2$$

n
·

k
2

congruent triangles for some k if and only if $$n\le 3$$

n
≤
3

, or at least one of the curves $$C_n :y^2 =x(x-n)(x+3n)$$

C
n

:

y
2

=
x

(
x
-
n
)

(
x
+
3
n
)

and $$C_{-n} : y^2 =x(x+n)(x-3n)$$

C

-
n

:

y
2

=
x

(
x
+
n
)

(
x
-
3
n
)

has a rational point with $$y\ne 0$$

y
≠
0

. We prove that if p is a positive prime such that $$p\equiv 7$$

p
≡
7

(mod 24), then $$C_p$$

C
p

and $$C_{-p}$$

C

-
p

do not have such points. Consequently, for these primes the equilateral triangle cannot be dissected into $$p\cdot k^2$$

p
·

k
2

congruent triangles for any k.
Primate thanatology and hominoid mortuary archeology
Authors: Pettitt Paul , Anderson James R.
Published: October 2019

In recent years, a thanatology of primates has become a respectable research topic, and although still sparse, observations among several taxa have shown how complex responses to the dead can be. In human evolutionary archeology, re-analysis of old ‘burial’ sites is slowly revising our view on the development of specifically human responses to the dead. We propose here the means of integrating information from the two disciplines of primatology and archeology, in support of the field of primate thanatology. We propose a terminology and a shared set of research questions, from which we generate a number of observations that can be utilized in the field, in order to establish a working dialogue and foster greater collaboration across the two disciplines.
Activation of the Normal Human Skin Cells by a Portable Dielectric Barrier Discharge-Based Reaction-Discharge System of a Defined Gas Temperature
Authors: Dzimitrowicz Anna , Bielawska-Pohl Aleksandra , Jamroz Piotr , Dora Jerzy , Krawczenko Agnieszka , Busco Giovanni , Grillon Catherine , Kieda Claudine , Klimczak Aleksandra , Terefinko Dominik , Baszczynska Aleksandra , Pohl Pawel
Published: October 2019

Skin injury leading to chronic wounds is of high interest due to the increasing number of patients suffering from this symptom. Proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis are key factors in the wound healing processes. For that reason, controlled promotion of these processes is required. In this work, we present the portable helium-dielectric barrier discharge (He-DBD)-based reaction-discharge system of controlled gas temperature for biological activities. To make this He-DBD-based reaction-discharge system safe for biological purposes, a multivariate optimization of the operating parameters was performed. To evaluate the effect of the He-DBD operating parameters on the rotational gas temperature Trot(OH), a design of experiment followed by a Response Surface Methodology was applied. Based on the suggested statistical model, the optimal operating conditions under which the Trot(OH) is less than 37 °C (310 K) were estimated. Then, the resulted model was validated in order to confirm its accuracy. After estimation the optical operating conditions of He-DBD operation, the spectroscopic characteristic of the He-DBD-based reaction-discharge system in relevance to the several optical temperatures in addition to electron number density has been carried out. Additionally, the qualitative and quantitative analyses of the reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species were performed in order to investigate of reactions and processes running in the He-DBD-gaseous phase and in the He-DBD-treated liquid. Next, the developed portable He-DBD-based reaction-discharge system, working under the optimal operating conditions, was used to stimulate the wound healing process. It was found that a 30 s He-DBD treatment significantly increased the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of keratinocytes (HaCaT) and fibroblasts (MSU-1.1) cell lines, as well as human skin microvascular endothelial cells (HSkMEC.2). Hence, the application of the cold atmospheric pressure plasma generated in this He-DBD-based reaction-discharge system might be an alternative therapy for patient suffering from chronic wounds.