bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resistencia de la escuela al reconocimiento de los derechos de estudiantes
Authors: Chacón Sánchez Mario Fernando , García-Sánchez Bárbara Yadira
Published: April 2021

(analítico)En la convivencia escolar aparecen confrontaciones entre estudiantes y profesorado que, al no poderse dirimir dentro de los pactos de convivencia, salen de la escuela hacia los estrados judiciales; por lo que el objetivo fue analizar estas luchas, su contenido y lo que denotan. Para ello se realizó revisión documental cualitativa de ochenta Sentencias de la Corte Constitucional de colombiana entre 1994 a 2016, en relación con derechos vulnerados por la escuela. Con apoyo en la teoría de Bourdieu, se encontraron resistencias del campo escolar al reconocimiento de niñas, niños y adolescentes como sujetos de derechos. Dentro de los derechos más vulnerados se reportaron el debido proceso, el libre desarrollo de la personalidad y el derecho a la educación.
Palabras clave: Derechos del niño, derechos humanos, educación básica, revisión. documental.
CaMKII Serine 280 O-GlcNAcylation Links Diabetic Hyperglycemia to Proarrhythmia
Authors: Hegyi Bence , Fasoli Anna , Ko Christopher Y. , Van Benjamin W. , Alim Chidera C. , Shen Erin Y. , Ciccozzi Marisa M. , Tapa Srinivas , Ripplinger Crystal M. , Erickson Jeffrey R. , Bossuyt Julie , Bers Donald M.
Published: April 2021

Rationale:

Diabetic hyperglycemia is associated with cardiac dysfunction and increased arrhythmia risk, and CaMKII (calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) function has been implicated. CaMKII activity is promoted by both oxidation and
O
-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (
O
-GlcNAc) of known CaMKII sites.

Objective:

To investigate which posttranslational modifications occur in human diabetic hearts and how they alter electrophysiological and Ca
2+
handling properties in hyperglycemia.

Methods and Results:

We assessed echocardiography, electrophysiology, Ca
2+
-handling, and protein expression in site-specific CaMKII mutant mice (
O
-GlcNAc-resistant S280A and oxidation-resistant MM281/2VV knock-ins, and global and cardiac-specific knockouts), in myocytes subjected to acute hyperglycemia and Ang II (angiotensin II) and mice after streptozotocin injections (to induce diabetes). Human patients with diabetes exhibit elevated CaMKII
O
-GlcNAcylation but not oxidation. In mice, acute hyperglycemia increased spontaneous diastolic Ca
2+
sparks and waves and arrhythmogenic action potential changes (prolongation, alternans, and delayed afterdepolarizations), all of which required CaMKII-S280
O
-GlcNAcylation. Ang II effects were dependent on NOX2 (NADPH oxidase 2)-mediated CaMKII MM281/2 oxidation. Diabetes led to much greater Ca
2+
leak, RyR2 S2814 phosphorylation, electrophysiological remodeling, and increased susceptibility to in vivo arrhythmias, requiring CaMKII activation, predominantly via S280
O
-GlcNAcylation and less via MM281/2 oxidation. These effects were present in myocytes at normal glucose but were exacerbated with the in vivo high circulating glucose. PLB (phospholamban)
O
-GlcNAcylation was increased and coincided with reduced PLB S16 phosphorylation in diabetes. Dantrolene, which reverses CaMKII-dependent proarrhythmic RyR-mediated Ca
2+
leak, also prevented hyperglycemia-induced APD prolongation and delayed afterdepolarizations.

Conclusions:

We found that CaMKII-S280
O
-GlcNAcylation is required for increased arrhythmia susceptibility in diabetic hyperglycemia, which can be worsened by an additional Ang II-NOX2-CaMKII MM281/2 oxidation pathway. CaMKII-dependent RyR2 S2814 phosphorylation markedly increases proarrhythmic Ca
2+
leak and PLB
O
-GlcNAcylation may limit sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca
2+
reuptake, leading to impaired excitation-contraction coupling and arrhythmogenesis in diabetic hyperglycemia.
Programming to S1PR1
+
Endothelial Cells Promotes Restoration of Vascular Integrity
Authors: Akhter Md Zahid , Chandra Joshi Jagdish , Balaji Ragunathrao Vijay Avin , Maienschein-Cline Mark , Proia Richard L. , Malik Asrar B. , Mehta Dolly
Published: April 2021

Rationale:

Increased endothelial permeability and defective repair are the hallmarks of several vascular diseases, including acute lung injury. However, little is known about the intrinsic pathways activating the endothelial cell (EC) regenerative programs.

Objective:

Studies have invoked a crucial role of S1P (sphingosine-1-phosphate) in resolving endothelial hyperpermeability through the activation of the GPCR (G-protein–coupled receptor), S1PR1 (S1P receptor 1). Here, we addressed mechanisms of generation of a population of S1PR1
+
EC and their pivotal role in restoring endothelial integrity.

Methods and Results:

Studies were made using inducible
EC-S1PR1
−/−
(
iEC-S1PR1
−/−
) mice and S1PR1-GFP (green fluorescent protein) reporter mice to trace the generation of S1PR1
+
EC. We observed in a mouse model of endotoxemia that S1P generation induced the programming of S1PR1
lo
to S1PR1
+
EC, which eventually comprised 80% of the lung EC. The cell transition was required for reestablishing the endothelial junctional barrier. We observed that conditional deletion of S1PR1 in EC increased endothelial permeability. RNA-seq analysis of S1PR1
+
EC showed enrichment of genes regulating S1P synthesis and transport, specifically SPHK1 (sphingosine kinase 1) and SPNS2 (sphingolipid transporter 2). Activation of transcription factors EGR1 (early growth response 1) and STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) was required for transcribing SPHK1 and SPNS2, respectively, and both served to increase S1P production and amplify S1PR1
+
EC transition. Furthermore, transplantation of S1PR1
+
EC population into injured lung vasculature restored endothelial integrity.

Conclusions:

Our findings show that generation of the S1PR1
+
EC population activates the endothelial regenerative program to mediate endothelial repair. Results raise the possibility of harnessing this pathway to restore vascular homeostasis in inflammatory vascular injury states.
Militant Landscape: Notes on Counter-Figuration from Early Modern
Genre Formation to Contemporary Practices, or, Landscape after the Failure of
Representation
Authors: Mansoor Jaleh
Published: April 2021

In 1844, the year of Marx's Philosophical and Economic Manuscripts, J.M.W. Turner presented Rain, Steam, and Speed: The Great Western Railway, the first landscape painting to both articulate the ontological shifts brought about by new modes of extraction and production, but also to suggest concomitant transformation in perception. In this way, it collapsed the dialectical relation between perceiving subject and external landscape, suggesting the reciprocal relationship of reification. In 2013, the contemporary artist and filmmaker Zachary Formwalt produced a piece entitled Projective Geometry in which he read from Chapter 25 of Marx's Capital, the chapter on “So-called Primitive Accumulation.” This voice-over accompanies footage—each shot organized in rigorous single point perspective—of the railroad built by England, France, and Belgium extending from the Ivory Coast to the Cape. Formwalt also unearthed documents from archives in those Imperialist nation states and former/present empires casually mentioning the now unruly, now obedient, yet always “pesky” local African labor that lost life to the enterprise of transportation of local resource extraction to which they were utterly disposable. This essay will describe and analyze both works of art crossing Modernism, aka the culture wing of Modernity (itself a polite term for the ontological shifts brought about by the capitalist mode of production) through the theoretical matrix of Marx, Luxemburg, Sohn-Rethel, and Courtauld.
Pyrenochaetopsis kuksensis (Pyrenochaetopsidaceae), a new species associated with an ornamental boxwood in the Czech Republic

Authors: ŠPETÍK MILAN , BERRAF-TEBBAL AKILA , POKLUDA ROBERT , EICHMEIER ALEŠ
Published: April 2021

During the investigation of fungal microbiome associated with boxwood in the Czech Republic, samples from Buxus sempervirens L. (Buxaceae) plants were collected and used for isolation. Two fungal strains were proposed as a new species Pyrenochaetopsis kuksensis based on morphology as well as phylogenetic analyses of ITS, LSU, rpb2, and tub2 sequence data. Detailed descriptions and phylogenetic relationships of the new taxon are provided.
Laximicracis—a new genus of Afrotropical Micracidini beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytinae)
Authors: JORDAL BJARTE
Published: April 2021

During the revision of the micracidine genus Afromicracis Schedl, 1959, several species with unusual features required designation of a new genus. Features separating Laximicracis Jordal gen. nov. from Afromicracis includes a broadly rounded pronotum with small granules, an elongated and suture-free antennal club, a long tuft of setae on the female antennal scapus, a bispinate procurved apicolateral margin of the meso- and metatibiae, and long spatulate setae on tibiae and femurs. The new genus includes Laximicracis latipes Jordal, sp. nov. (Kenya), and the transfer from Afromicracis of Laximicracis dubia (Schedl, 1950) (Angola, Zambia, Tanzania) and Laximicracis convexus (Schedl, 1962) (South Africa). Collection localities are characterised by small dry forest patches and thickets, collected by UV- and white-light traps.
The Importance of Baseline Word Reading Skills in Examining Student Response to a Multicomponent Reading Intervention
Authors: Daniel Johny , Vaughn Sharon , Roberts Gregory , Grills Amie
Published: April 2021

To address the needs of a diverse group of students with reading difficulties, a majority of researchers over the last decade have designed and implemented multicomponent reading interventions (MCRIs) that provide instruction in multiple areas of reading yielding mixed results. The current study evaluates whether students’ baseline word reading skills predict their response to a MCRI. Data from a randomized controlled trial for third- and fourth-grade students with reading difficulties ( N = 128) were analyzed. Results demonstrate that baseline word reading was a significant predictor of students’ end-of-year reading comprehension performance. Treatment group students who had lower baseline word reading compared with those students with comparatively higher word reading scores performed significantly lower on posttest reading comprehension. Findings denote the importance of word reading instruction for upper elementary students who are below-average word readers and also indicate the need for tailoring reading intervention to align with individual reader needs.
Reliability-based tolerance redesign of mechanical assemblies using Jacobian-Torsor model
Authors: Wang Bingxiang , Huang Xianzhen , Chang Miaoxin
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this paper is to present a new method to redesign dimensional and geometric tolerances of mechanical assemblies at a lower cost and with higher reliability. A parametric Jacobian-Torsor model is proposed to conduct tolerance analysis of mechanical assembly. A reliability-based tolerance optimization model is established. Differing from previous studies of fixed process parameters, this research determines the optimal process variances of tolerances, which provide basis for the subsequent assembly tolerance redesign. By using the Lambert W function and the Lagrange multiplier method, the analytical solution of the parametric tolerance optimization model is obtained. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the model, while the results indicate that the total cost is reduced by 10.93% and assembly reliability improves by 2.12%. This study presents an efficient reliability-based tolerance optimization model. The proposed model of tolerance redesign can be used for mechanical assembly with a better economic effect and higher reliability.
The way worship works in mission: Proposing an alternative to the standard account
Authors: Fitch David E
Published: April 2021

This article examines the relationship of worship to mission in the life of the church. How does worship shape the Christian for mission and the work of God’s justice in the world? The article sketches what the author contends to be “the standard account” of how worship works within North American mainstream evangelical Protestantism, drawing on several authors who write on spiritual formation, liturgy, and cultural engagement. Exemplary of this standard account is the influential theology of church and culture found within neo-Calvinism. By parsing the social architecture of these authors, this article reveals its strengths and weaknesses—an analysis that can be applied more widely to Protestantism as a whole in North America. Then, the article moves on to propose an alternative account for the relationship of worship to mission that overcomes the weaknesses of the standard account. This alternative approach is labeled “faithful presence,” an approach which has affinities with an Anabaptist approach to worship and mission.
Adapting the Selective Exposure Perspective to Algorithmically Governed Platforms: The Case of Google Search
Authors: Slechten Laura , Courtois Cédric , Coenen Lennert , Zaman Bieke
Published: April 2021

Experimental research on selective exposure on online platforms is generally limited by a narrow focus on specific parts of the information selection process, rather than integrating the entire sequence of user-platform interactions. The current study, focusing on online search, incorporates the entire process that stretches from formulating an initial query to finally satisfying an information need. As such, it comprehensively covers how both users and platforms exercise agency by enabling and constraining each other in progressively narrowing down the available information. During a tailored online experiment, participants are asked to search for social and political information in a fully tracked, manipulated Google Search environment. Although the results show a structural impact of varying search result rankings, users still appear to be able to tailor their information exposure to maintain their prior beliefs, hence defying that algorithmic impact. This corroborates the need to conceptually and methodologically expand online selective exposure research.
Association between post-balloon angioplasty dissection and primary patency in complex femoropopliteal artery disease: 2-year clinical outcomes of the AcoArt I trial
Authors: Ren Hao , Liu Jie , Zhang Jiwei , Zhuang Baixi , Fu Weiguo , Wu Danming , Wang Feng , Zhao Yu , Guo Pingfan , Bi Wei , Wang Shenming , Guo Wei
Published: April 2021

Objective

To assess the association between post-balloon angioplasty dissection and the mid-term results of the AcoArt I trial evaluating complex femoropopliteal artery disease.

Methods

The outcome data for 144 patients from the AcoArt 1 trial were reanalysed. These patients were randomly divided into percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and drug-coated balloons (DCB) groups. The primary endpoint was the primary patency (PP) rate and clinically-driven target lesion revascularisation at 24 months.

Results

After 24 months of follow-up, the PP rate of dissection cases in the PTA group was lower vs non-dissection cases. In patients receiving a bailout stent for dissection, the PP rate in the PTA group was lower vs the DCB group. Cox regression analysis showed that dissection decreased the PP rate; mild dissection reduced the PP rate as follows: 52%, PTA group and 19%, DCB group. With severe dissection, the PP rate reduction was as follows: 75%, PTA group and 73%, DCB group.

Conclusions

The mid-term follow-up showed that post-balloon angioplasty dissection reduced the PP rate in the PTA group but not in the DCB group. Additionally, in patients receiving a bailout stent for dissection, the DCB group had a better PP rate than the PTA group.
Some New Developments in Two-Way-Stop-Controlled Intersections Procedures and Recommendations for a Future Version of the Highway Capacity Manual
Authors: Wu Ning , Brilon Werner
Published: April 2021

The estimation of capacities and traffic performance at two-way-stop-controlled (TWSC) intersections has been the subject of investigations conducted by many researchers. The results of these investigations are incorporated in highway capacity manuals like the U.S. Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) or the German Handbuch für die Bemessung von Strassen (HBS). Although the underlying methodologies are similar, there are two major differences between the current HBS 2015 and HCM6: (a) the procedure for the impedance factor for movements of rank 4 and (b) the procedure for estimating the capacity of shared short lanes for both minor and major movements. In HBS 2015, new developments are accounted for and the accuracy of capacity and traffic quality estimations significantly improved. In HCM6, these two procedures have not been updated. Therefore, the replacement of the two procedures in HCM6 is recommended. In both HCM6 and HBS 2015, the procedures for calculating delays at shared lanes or shared short lanes are inaccurate and they also should be updated. In most cases, the delays are significantly underestimated. Recently, the authors have developed a new methodology dealing with this problem which can be easily incorporated into future versions of HBS and HCM. In this paper, the theoretical backgrounds of the three new methods are presented and major results are summarized. Compared with HCM6, the advantages of the new developments are highlighted. As a recommendation, three corresponding procedures for estimation of capacity and delay are given for potential use in a future version of HCM.
Three dimensional gait analyses in dizygotic twin athletes
Authors: Aydın Canan Gönen , Hekim Hanife Hale , Üçpunar Hanifi , Öztaş Dilek , Bayhan Avni İlhan
Published: April 2021

Gait analysis and gait indices are frequently used to evaluate gait pathologies and outcomes. The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in gait parameters of dizygotic twin athletes according to each other and athletes group who are similar age but non-twin. Eighty-four athletes without any disease that could cause gait pathology were included the study. Time-distance measurements, kinematic – kinetic variables, and gait deviation index (GDI) of the gait functions of twin athletes (17 boys and 25 girls, height: 153.9 ± 15 cm, weight: 45.9 ± 12 kg, leg length 80.5 ± 11 cm) were compared with each other and with 42 sex and age matched non-twins athletes (height: 155 ± 15 cm, weight: 47 ± 14 kg, leg length 80.6 ± 9.8 cm, mean age 11.8 ± 2.29, range 6–15 years). No statistically significant difference was found about the time, distance parameters and GDIs in comparison of twin athletes with each other and the non-twin group. Additionally, kinetic and kinematic variables were similar in between twins. We measured lower adduction angles and higher abduction angles in non-twin athletes in comparison to the twin athletes ( p = 0.01, 0.04). Additionally, the angle of knee flexion at the first contact was higher in non-twins ( p = 0.003).

Being dizygotic twin seems to have no clinical effect on gait function in athletes.
Convergence in per capita carbon footprint and ecological footprint for G7 countries: Evidence from panel Fourier threshold unit root test
Authors: Yilanci Veli , Gorus Muhammed Sehid , Solarin Sakiru Adebola
Published: April 2021

This paper aims to explore the convergence of per capita carbon and ecological footprints in G7 countries during 1961–2016. For this purpose, we propose a new unit root test in the panel setting–the panel Fourier threshold unit root test. This test takes into consideration both multiple smooth structural changes and nonlinearity. According to the literature, the power of the nonlinear unit root tests is reduced in the case of ignoring structural breaks. Therefore, we expect to get more reliable empirical findings by utilizing this methodology. The empirical results of this paper show that these series have nonlinear behaviors for the period 1961–2016. Furthermore, they demonstrate that the absolute convergence hypothesis is valid in G7 countries for both regimes. Thus, governments can conduct common environmental policies, including international climate summits and agreements, instead of national-based policies to mitigate environmental deterioration in their countries.
Virtual Reading Lessons for Upper Elementary Students with Learning Disabilities
Authors: Alves Kat D. , Romig John Elwood
Published: April 2021

Students with learning disabilities (LD) often face significant difficulties in reading. Research has found a variety of different evidence-based practices to support the reading development of students with LD in areas such as word work, vocabulary, and reading comprehension. However, these practices are most often intended for use in traditional settings and not necessarily virtual settings. This article translates traditionally in-person instruction for students with LD to an online synchronous format through a sample lesson plan sequence for students in third through fifth grades and provides resources for teachers to support their implementation of online instruction for upper elementary students with LD.
Allograft Interposition Bone Graft for First Metatarsal Phalangeal Arthrodesis: Salvage After Bone Loss and Shortening of the First Ray
Authors: Burke John E. , Shi Glenn G. , Wilke Benjamin K. , Whalen Joseph L.
Published: April 2021

Background:

Previous studies have demonstrated success in using autogenous bone graft for arthrodesis in patients with failed surgeries of the hallux. These patients have several causes for pain and dysfunction preoperatively, including a shortened first ray, nonunion, and poor hallux alignment.

Methods:

In this study, a consecutive series of 36 patients (38 procedures) were treated with a patellar wedge interposition structural allograft to salvage bone loss from great toe arthrodesis malunion, painful joint replacement, failed osteotomy, or infection of the great toe metatarsophalangeal (MP) joint with shortening of the first ray. The goals of the surgery were to restore length to the first ray and provide a stable MP joint fusion to relieve pain. The 38 treated toes were evaluated for preoperative and postoperative American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) MP scores, subjective patient outcome scores, and clinically successful fusion of the hallux.

Results:

At a minimum 1-year follow-up (mean, 3.2 years), all but 2 feet healed with a solid fusion, and all healed patients reported good or excellent outcomes. AOFAS MP scores averaged 43.5 preoperatively and 77.2 postoperatively. Three patients with infection as cause for nonunion of the initial procedure were treated with staged procedures, including the use of a temporary antibiotic spacer and mini external fixator; all 3 healed without recurrent infection. One patient had a fracture of her allograft following her interposition arthrodesis, but it fused successfully after a second interposition arthrodesis surgery. Two patients developed a nonunion of the revision arthrodesis.

Conclusion:

The use of an interposition patellar wedge allograft can restore length to the first ray and provide successful salvage of arthrodesis nonunions and bone loss from failed hemiarthroplasty and total joint implants of the great toe MP joint.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, retrospective case series.
COVID-19 Resilience in the Third Sector
Authors: Cottom Sonia
Published: April 2021

Chronic pain is a major clinical challenge in Scotland and across Europe as a whole. 18% of the UK population are currently affected by severe chronic pain. This has resulted in a significant impact on people’s quality of life and affects their family, relationships and carers. This article discusses how a third sector organisation – Pain Association Scotland (PAS) – has completely changed their approach to service delivery after 33 years as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as how they have worked with Health Boards in order to ensure a continued service which is equitable, trusted and provides continuity of service. The discussions are from the perspective of the Director, Sonia Cottom, BA (Hons) who has been with the Association for 10 years and who is ultimately responsible for the operations, strategic planning and service improvement and implementation. She is also advisor to the Scottish Government on chronic pain policy, providing the evidence to underpin future strategic decision making.
Play! A Special Issue
Authors: Bem Caroline , Paasonen Susanna
Published: April 2021

Sexuality, as it relates to video games in particular, has received increasing attention over the past decade in studies of games and play, even as the notion of play remains relatively underexplored within sexuality studies. This special issue asks what shift is effected when sexual representation, networked forms of connecting and relating, and the experimentation with sexual likes are approached through the notion of play. Bringing together the notions of sex and play, it both foregrounds the role of experimentation and improvisation in sexual pleasure practices and inquires after the rules and norms that these are embedded in. Contributors to this special issue combine the study of sexuality with diverse theoretical conceptions of play in order to explore the entanglements of affect, cognition, and the somatic in sexual lives, broadening current understandings of how these are lived through repetitive routines and improvisational sprees alike. In so doing, they focus on the specific sites and scenes where sexual play unfolds (from constantly morphing online pornographic archives to on- and offline party spaces, dungeons, and saunas), while also attending to the props and objects of play (from sex toys and orgasmic vocalizations to sensation-enhancing chemicals and pornographic imageries), as well as the social and technological settings where these activities occur. This introduction offers a brief overview of the rationale of thinking sex in and as play, before presenting the articles that make up this special issue.
Lawyers and children: Is there a need for mandatory legal assistance in suspect interviews?
Authors: Schoovaerts Hanne , Vanderhallen Miet , McIntyre Sara-Jane
Published: April 2021

In 2016, Belgium introduced legislation mandating legal assistance for juvenile suspects. However, legal assistance can only serve as an effective procedural safeguard if it is provided appropriately. The current study examined how lawyers in Belgium fulfil this role in practice. Seventeen video-recorded police interviews of juvenile suspects were observed. The juveniles were aged between 12 and 17 years, and were suspected of various less serious, volume crimes. The findings of this study show that the ‘law in action’ does not always reflect the ‘law in the books’. The mere presence of a lawyer is insufficient: it is necessary for them to actively engage. Although police interviewers typically adopt an information-gathering approach, some interviews do require the lawyer’s intervention to protect the juvenile’s interests. Moreover, lawyers often restrict themselves to ‘legal’ assistance and offer limited (emotional) support. Because there is no ‘appropriate adult’ regime in Belgium, lawyers could take up this double role. The information-gathering approach also seems to enhance cooperation between lawyer and interviewer, resulting in a joint search for the truth in which neither adopts an antagonistic role when interviews are conducted properly.
Re-thinking research interview methods through the multisensory constitution of place
Authors: Sand Anne-Lene , Skovbjerg Helle Marie , Tanggaard Lene
Published: April 2021

This paper highlights a methodological vagueness within the existing qualitative research interview literature related to reflecting where interviews takes place. The aim is to interrogate how the use of the concept of emplaced participation can account for the multisensory constitution of place within interviews as well as how the place can provide an opportunity to generate knowledge about participants’ everyday practices. Casey’s understanding of place as a gathering and Pink’s perspectives on emplaced participation provide a sensitive epistemological approach that can be applied by researchers outside the field of ethnography. Based on empirical ethnographic material from fieldwork in Denmark, this paper makes a novel contribution to how researchers can use sensory and emplaced experience before and during an interview. We argue that, if we cease taking emplaced dimensions for granted, new methodological techniques can be developed, which, in turn, can lead to new types of knowledge of practice.
A Novel Nomogram for Individually Predicting of Vascular Invasion in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Meng Yongsheng , Huang Xiaoliang , Liu Jungang , Chen Jianhong , Bu Zhaoting , Wu Guo , Xie Weishun , Jeen Franco , Huang Lingxu , Tian Chao , Mo Xianwei , Tang Weizhong
Published: April 2021

Purpose:

Vascular invasion (VI) is associated with recurrence and is an indicator of poor prognosis in gastric cancer (GC). Pre-operative identification of VI may guide the selection of the optimal surgical approach and assess the requirement for neoadjuvant therapy.

Methods:

A total of 271 patients were retrospectively collected and randomly allocated into the training and validation datasets. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model was used to select potentially relevant features, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to develop the nomogram.

Results:

The nomogram consisted of pre-operative serum complement C3 levels, duration of symptoms, pre-operative computed tomography stage, abdominal distension and undifferentiated carcinoma. The nomogram provided good calibration for both the training and the validation set, with area under the curve values of 0.792 and 0.774. Decision curve analysis revealed that the nomogram was clinically useful.

Conclusion:

The present study constructed a nomogram for the pre-operative prediction of VI in patients with GC. The nomogram may aid the identification of high-risk patients and aid the optimization of pre-operative decision-making.
Inhibitory effect of hydnocarpin D on T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia via induction of autophagy-dependent ferroptosis
Authors: Lou Siyue , Hong Huanwu , Maihesuti Liwaliding , Gao Hang , Zhu Zhihui , Xu Lili , Tian Shasha , Kai Guoyin , Huang Guozheng , Zhao Huajun
Published: April 2021

Hydnocarpin D (HD) is a bioactive flavonolignan compound that possesses promising anti-tumor activity, although the mechanism is not fully understood. Using T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cell lines Jurkat and Molt-4 as model system, we found that HD suppressed T-ALL proliferation in vitro, via induction of cell cycle arrest and subsequent apoptosis. Furthermore, HD increased the LC3-II levels and the formation of autophagolysosome vacuoles, both of which are markers for autophagy. The inhibition of autophagy by either knockdown of ATG5/7 or pre-treatment of 3-MA partially rescued HD-induced apoptosis, thus suggesting that autophagy enhanced the efficacy of HD. Interestingly, this cytotoxic autophagy triggered ferroptosis, as evidenced by the accumulation of lipid ROS and decrease of GSH and GPX4, while inhibition of autophagy impeded ferroptotic cell death. Our study suggests that HD triggers multiple cell death processes and is an interesting compound that should be evaluated in future preclinical studies.
Renocaval Bypass for Acute Renal Failure and Haematuria Following Left Renal Vein Ligation During Aorto-Bifemoral Bypass
Authors: Lovelock Thomas , Cox Geoffrey , Balanathan Sharmila , Milne Charles
Published: April 2021

Ligation of the left renal vein is an accepted manoeuvre where it is difficult to access the pararenal abdominal aorta for the open treatment of aortic occlusive or aneurysmal disease. There is some controversy regarding the long-term effect of this on renal function. We describe the case of a 37-year-old gentleman who underwent an elective aorto-bifemoral bypass for aorto-iliac occlusive disease with symptoms of short distance claudication, with intra-operative ligation of the left renal vein. This was complicated by post-operative acute renal failure and haematuria, with CT findings of left renal venous dilatation and peri-renal stranding. The patient underwent successful left renocaval bypass with reversed great saphenous vein, with subsequent resolution of haematuria and improvement in renal function. The syndrome of acute renal failure and haematuria is a rare but possible complication of left renal vein ligation during aortic surgery, and restoration of renal venous outflow via renocaval bypass in this instance was an effective method of treating this complication.
Treatment of severe acute ulcerative colitis in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients: report of three cases and discussion of treatment options
Authors: Bourgonje Arno R. , van Linschoten Reinier C. A. , West Rachel L. , van Dijk Maarten A. , van Leer-Buter Coretta C. , Kats-Ugurlu Gursah , Pierik Marieke J. , Festen Eleonora A. M. , Weersma Rinse K. , Dijkstra Gerard
Published: April 2021

In the wake of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is unclear how asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected patients who present with acute severe ulcerative colitis (UC) can be treated effectively and safely. Standard treatment regimens consist of steroids, immunomodulatory drugs, and biological therapies, but therapeutic decision-making becomes challenging as there are uncertainties about how to deal with these drugs in patients with COVID-19 and active UC. Importantly, guidelines for this particular group of patients with UC are still lacking. To inform therapeutic decision-making, we describe three consecutive cases of patients with active UC and COVID-19 and discuss their treatments based on theoretical knowledge, currently available evidence and clinical observations. Three patients were identified through our national inflammatory bowel disease network [Initiative on Crohn’s and Colitis (ICC)] for whom diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2-infection was established by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing in nasopharynx, stools, and/or biopsies. Acute severe UC was diagnosed by clinical parameters, endoscopy, and histopathology. Clinical guidelines for SARS-CoV-2-negative patients advocate the use of steroids, calcineurin inhibitors, or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-antagonists as induction therapy, and experiences from the current three cases show that steroids and TNF-α-antagonists could also be used in patients with COVID-19. This could potentially be followed by TNF-α-antagonists, vedolizumab, or ustekinumab as maintenance therapy in these patients. Future research is warranted to investigate if, and which, immunomodulatory drugs should be used for COVID-19 patients that present with active UC. To answer this question, it is of utmost importance that future cases of patients with UC and COVID-19 are documented carefully in international registries, such as the SECURE-IBD registry.
Management of Maxillofacial Gunshot Injuries With Emphasis on Damage Control Surgery During the Yemen Civil War. Review of 173 Victims From a Level 1 Trauma Hospital in Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Daniels John S. , Albakry Ibrahim , Braimah Ramat O. , Samara Mohammed I. , Albalasi Rabea A. , Al-Rayshan Saleh M.A.
Published: April 2021

Study Design:

Studies on the concept of Damage Control Surgery (DCS) in the management of firearm injuries to the oral and maxillofacial region are still scarce, hence the basis for the current study.

Objectives:

The objectives of the current study is to share our experience in the management of maxillofacial gunshot injuries with emphasis on DCS and early definitive surgery.

Methods:

This was a retrospective study of combatant Yemeni patients with maxillofacial injuries who were transferred across the border from Yemen to Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Demographics and etiology of injuries were stored. Paths of entry and exit of the projectiles were also noted. Also recorded were types of gunshot injury and treatment protocols adopted. Data was stored and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows Version 25 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp).

Results:

A total of 408 victims, all males, were seen during the study period with 173 (42.4%) males sustaining gunshot injuries to the maxillofacial region. Their ages ranged from 21 to 56 years with mean ± SD (27.5 ± 7.6) years. One hundred and twenty-one (70.0%) victims had extraoral bullet entry, while 53 (30.0%) victims had intraoral entry route. Ocular injuries, consisting of 25 (14.5%) cases of ruptured globe and 6 (3.5%) cases of corneal injuries, were the most commonly associated injuries. A total of 78 (45.1%) hemodynamically unstable victims had DCS as the adopted treatment protocol while early definitive surgery was carried out in 47(27.2%) hemodynamically stable victims. ORIF was the treatment modality used for the fractures in 132 (76.3%) of the victims.

Conclusions:

We observed that 42.4% of the war victims sustained gunshot injuries. DCS with ORIF was the main treatment protocol adopted in the management of the hemodynamically unstable patients.
#RadialFirst and #RadialForNeuro: A descriptive analysis of Twitter conversations regarding transradial access
Authors: Robertson Faith C , Linzey Joseph R , Alotaibi Naif M , Regenhardt Robert W , Harker Pablo , Vranic Justin , Dmytriw Adam A , Koch Matthew J. , Stapleton Christopher J , Leslie-Mazwi Thabele M , Patel Aman B
Published: April 2021

Background

Transradial access for neurointerventional procedures was adopted and modified from cardiovascular intervention and is increasingly established as a safe and effective alternative to transfemoral catheterization. As social media influences public opinion on medical treatment, this study analyzes Twitter conversations to elucidate social media’s depiction of transradial access as a neurointerventional tool.

Materials and methods

Twitter hashtags #RadialFirst and #RadialForNeuro were evaluated using a mixed-method analysis of quantitative social media metrics and qualitative thematic analysis.

Results

Between January 2015 and April 2020, 104,146 tweets from 141 countries employed the hashtag #RadialFirst (2015 (1); 2016 (0); 2017 (22,804); 2018 (33,074); 2019 (38,352); 2020 (9,915 January-April)). These generated 226,909,374 impressions and were retweeted 80,120 times by 13,707 users. Media was present in 62.5% of tweets (e.g. wrist image, angiographic runs) but only 14.5% had a reference article. Physicians authored 70.8% of tweets; interventional cardiologists accounted for 83% of top 100 influencers. #RadialForNeuro is more nascent (6 posts in 2019; 323 posts January–April 2020), with 392,662 impressions, and 254 retweets by 177 users; physicians authored 35.6%. Compared to #RadialFirst, #RadialforNeuro tweets were more likely to include media (76%), less likely to include citations (9.7%), and more likely to discuss complications and troubleshooting techniques.

Conclusion

Twitter activity regarding transradial access permits information dissemination and discussion on approach benefits and challenges. However, many posts arise from non-physician sources and lack links to peer-reviewed publication. The public should be mindful that tweets may reflect opinions, rather than experience or scientific evidence.
Assessing distress tolerance using a modified version of the Emotional Image Tolerance task
Authors: Slabbert Ashley , Hasking Penelope , Notebaert Lies , Boyes Mark
Published: April 2021

The Emotional Image Tolerance (EIT) task assesses tolerance of negative emotion induced by negatively valenced images. We made several minor modifications to the task (Study 1) and adapted the task to include positive and neutral images in order to assess whether individuals respond to the valence or the intensity of the image content (Study 2). In both studies, we assessed subjective distress, gender differences in task responses, and associations between behavioral and self-reported distress tolerance, and related constructs. Across both studies, the EIT successfully induced distress and gender differences were observed, with females generally indicating more distress than males. In Study 2, responses on the adapted EIT task were correlated with self-reported distress tolerance, rumination, and emotion reactivity. The EIT successfully induces distress and the correlations in Study 2 provide promising evidence of validity.
Geriatric Proximal Femur Fractures During the Covid-19 Pandemic - Fewer Cases, But More Comorbidities
Authors: Polan Christina , Meyer Heinz-Lothar , Burggraf Manuel , Herten Monika , Beck Paula , Braitsch Henrik , Becker Lars , Vogel Carsten , Dudda Marcel , Kauther Max Daniel
Published: April 2021

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic is challenging healthcare systems worldwide. This study examines geriatric patients with proximal femur fractures during the COVID-19 pandemic, shifts in secondary disease profile, the impact of the pandemic on hospitalization and further treatment.

Methods:

In a retrospective monocentric study, geriatric proximal femur fractures treated in the first six months of 2020 were analyzed and compared with the same period of 2019. Pre-traumatic status (living in a care home, under supervision of a legal guardian), type of trauma, accident mechanism, geriatric risk factors, associated comorbidities, time between hospitalization and surgery, inpatient time and post-operative further treatment of 2 groups of patients, aged 65-80 years (Group 1) and 80+ years (Group 2) were investigated.

Results:

The total number of patients decreased (70 in 2019 vs. 58 in 2020), mostly in Group 1 (25 vs. 16) while the numbers in Group 2 remained almost constant (45 vs. 42). The percentage of patients with pre-existing neurological conditions rose in 2020. This corresponded to an increase in patients under legal supervision (29.3%) and receiving pre-traumatic care in a nursing home (14.7%). Fractures were mostly caused by minor trauma in a home environment. In 2020, total number of inpatient days for Group 2 was lower compared to Group 1 (p = 0.008). Further care differed between the years: fewer Group 1 patients were discharged to geriatric therapy (69.6% vs. 25.0%), whereas in Group 2 the number of patients discharged to a nursing home increased.

Conclusions:

Falling by elderly patients is correlated to geriatric comorbidities, consequently there was no change in the case numbers in this age group. Strategic measures to avoid COVID-19 infection in hospital setting could include reducing the length of hospital stays by transferring elderly patients to a nursing home as soon as possible and discharging independent, mobile patients to return home.
Dual-Mobility Cup Total Hip Arthroplasty for Displaced Femoral Neck Fractures: A Retrospective Study With a Median Follow-Up of 5 Years
Authors: Zhang Zhenfa , Xu Guixing , Cao Lei , Sun Wei , Zeng Xianshang , Xiong Nana , Wang Shuxin , Yu Weiguang , Liu Qilong , Lin Huanyi
Published: April 2021

Introduction:

Patient outcomes following modern dual-mobility cup total hip arthroplasty (DM-THA) remains a concern. Few reports have focused on the use of modern DM-THA in the setting of Asian populations for displaced osteoporotic femoral neck fractures (FNFs). This study aimed to investigate the outcomes of Chinese population with displaced osteoporotic FNFs initially treated with modern DM-THA.

Materials and Methods:

Data from 112 consecutive patients (112 hips) with displaced osteoporotic FNFs initially treated with modern DM-THA during 2011-2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Follow-ups were performed at 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and then every 1 year after surgery. The primary endpoint was the Harris Hip Score (HHS); the secondary endpoint was the main orthopedic complication rate.

Results:

The mean HHS improved from 58.62 (±15.79) prior to surgery to 86.13 (±9.92) at the final follow-up. The main complication rate was 14.2% (16/112). Sixteen complications in 10 patients were recorded. Of the 16 complications, there were 2 (1.7%) cases requiring revision DM-THA, 3 (2.6%) cases of loosening, 2 (1.7%) cases of migration, 3 (2.6%) intra-prosthetic dislocation (IPD), 4 (3.5%) cases of tilting, and 2 (1.7%) cases of severe wear. The need for revision was attributed to prosthesis loosening associated with poor bony quality.

Conclusion:

In patients with displaced osteoporotic FNFs, DM-THA may yield favorable functional outcomes and a low rate of main orthopedic complications, in particular, a low dislocation rate.
Exploring Supervisory Feedback Formulation on Academic Writing of Research Proposals and Postgraduates’ Responses to Feedback: A Case Study
Authors: Saeed Murad Abdu , Al Qunayeer Huda Suleiman , AL-Jaberi Musheer Abdulwahid
Published: April 2021

Despite the emphasis on effective supervisory feedback formulation on postgraduates’ academic writing, our understanding of effective feedback forms may not be comprehensive without mentoring students’ responses to feedback. Therefore, the current case study explores feedback formulation on research proposal writing and two postgraduates’ responses to feedback in a Malaysian university. Data were collected from written feedback, students’ commenting responses to feedback, their text revisions, and follow-up interviews. The feedback is formulated as directive, referential, and expressive, and it addresses issues related to content, organization, linguistic accuracy, and appropriateness in research proposal writing. The two postgraduates engaged in cognitive (e.g., confusion), metacognitive (e.g., reading feedback), and affective (e.g., appreciating feedback) responses to feedback. They integrated most of the feedback in revising their writing and made additional text revisions. Although this study is primarily qualitative in nature, simple descriptive quantitative measures were applied to the data to determine the prevalence of feedback forms, responding and revision patterns. The study provides useful suggestions for supervisory feedback practices.
Grit and Growth Mindset Contribution to School Counseling Services
Authors: Larberg Jeannie L. , Sherlin Leslie H.
Published: April 2021

School counselors are essential staff in an education setting, contributing to student success by delivering critical services when implementing a comprehensive school counseling program. The study examined the predictive relationships of school counselors’ level of grit and mindset with their activities performed in programmatic service delivery. This novel study contributed to the expansion of grit and mindset predictive relationship with school counselor’s activities performed in a comprehensive counseling program. Practical implications were discussed, and further research is warranted to identify other factors that are predictive of counselor’s job activities in a comprehensive school counseling program.