bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Precancerous Diseases of the Cervix
Authors: Rosyuk E. A. , Oboskalova T. A. , Askerova M. G. , Bakurinskikh A. B. , Yakushev A. M. , Kiseleva M. K. , Sevostyanova O. Yu. , Konovalov V. I.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The incidence of malignant neoplasms in the population has increased by 1.66 times over the past 15 years, and the incidence of cancer of the cervix and body of the uterus, placenta — by 1.3 times.

Materials and methods. 2 groups were formed by the continuous sampling method: 30 women with a diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 30 women without a diagnosis of CIN, who made up the control group. Statistical analysis was carried out using the StatTech 3.1.7 program (Stattech LLC, Russia).

Results. Risk factors for precancerous diseases of the cervix include the presence of a history of cardiovascular diseases

(p = 0.043), surgical interventions (p = 0.039), sexually transmitted infections (p = 0.023), a large number of pregnancies (regardless of the outcome) (p = 0.013), the presence of abortions (p = 0.04), a large number of sexual partners during life (p = 0.022).

Discussion. Frequent change of sexual partners, and as a consequence — a high risk of STIs are also well-known risk factors for cancer and precancerous cervix, in these conditions HPV passes from free to episomal form faster and starts the process of transformation of cervical epithelial cells.

Conclusion. The features of the anamnesis of women with precancerous diseases of the cervix are high parity and the presence of abortions, STIs, cardiovascular diseases and surgical interventions in the anamnesis, a large number of sexual partners in life, low adherence to the use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs).
Comparison of the Assessment of Respiratory Disorders Using the Downes and Silverman Scales in the Delivery Room in Newborns Over 35 Weeks of Gestation with CPAP Respiratory Therapy as a Predictor of Transfer to the Intensive Care Unit. Cohort Study
Authors: Fedotova O. I. , Shestak E. V. , Kovtun O. P.
Published: May 2024

Rationale. Respiratory distress (RD) aﬅer birth is the leading cause of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. To determine the degree of RD, scales based primarily on clinical symptoms have been developed, but the prognostic value of RD scales remains incompletely studied.

Purpose of the study — to determine and compare the prognostic value of the Downes and Silverman RD scoresin the delivery room in neonates ≥35 0 weeks of gestation with CPAP therapy as a predictor of NICU admission.

Materials and methods. The study included newborns ≥35 0 weeks of gestation with RDin the delivery room. The study was conducted at the Ekaterinburg Clinical Perinatal Center from March 1 to August 15, 2023. The predicted outcome was hospitalization from the delivery room to the NICU. In the general sample (n = 73), subgroups were identiﬁed according to the studied predictor at the start of CPAP therapy: subgroup D1 — Downes scale score n = 24); subgroup D2 — Downes scale score ≥4 points (n = 49); subgroup S1 — Silverman scale score n = 31); subgroup S2 — Silverman score ≥4 points (n = 42).

Results. In subgroup D2, the relative risk of NICU admission was 3.9with a 95 % conﬁdenceinterval (CI) of 1.3–11.7, sensitivity of 88.9 % and speciﬁcity of 45.7 %; in subgroup S2–2.1with 95 % CI 1.021–4.300, sensitivity 74.1 % and speciﬁcity 52.2 %.

Conclusion. Assessment of RD in newborns ≥35 0 weeks of gestation in the delivery room on the Downes scale ≥4 points at the start of CPAP therapy allows predicting the ineﬀectiveness of respiratory therapy and transfer of the child to the NICU. The accuracy of the forecast when assessed using the Downes scale is higher than that using the Silverman scale.
Melatonin Level and Activity of Nucleolar Organizer Regions in the Prognosis of Infertility in Women with Ovarian Endometriosis
Authors: Kachurina M. S. , Zainetdinova L. F. , Kurenkov Ye. L. , Medvedev B. I. , Shamaeva T. N. , Telesheva L. F. , Kanaykina A. Yu.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Endometriosis is a multifactorial disease, aﬀecting about 10 % of women of reproductive age. The purpose of the work is predicting the development of infertility in women with ovarian endometriosis by determining urine melatonin levels and activity indicators of nucleolar organizer regions in endometrioid ovarian heterotopias.

Materials and methods. In the Clinic of South Ural State Medical University from 2018 to 2020, 2 groups of women with ovarian endometriosis were studied: group 1 — with infertility (n = 22); group 2 — without it (n = 27). The level of urinary 6-SMT and the activity of ribosomal synthesis were determined.

Results. The level of 6-SMT is reduced in patients with stage I ovarian endometriosis. At stagesII and III, the level of 6-SMTis lower in women with infertility than without it: Stage II — (38.82±1.49) ng/ml and (93.04±3.64) ng/ml (p < 0.001); Stage III — (42.84±1.85) ng/ml and (58.06±1.65) ng/ml (p = 0.340). The activity of ribosomal synthesis in epithelial cells of endometrioid heterotopias increases at stage III. In ﬁbroblasts of the stroma of endometrioid heterotopias, the activity of ribosomal synthesis is higherin women with stage III infertility, and in histiocytes— in women with stage II infertility. A logistic stepwise regression analysis was carried out and the most important predictors inﬂuencing the development of infertility were identiﬁed.

Discussion. The decrease in melatonin in women with ovarian endometriosis, suﬀering from infertility, as well as in stage I ovarian endometriosis is consistent with the research of M. I. Yarmolinskaya et al. (2019). In the presence of infertility, activation of connective tissue histiocytes begins in the early stages. The results obtained may reﬂect the immunomodulatory eﬀect of melatonin, which is expressed inincreased functional activity of connective tissue histiocytes and ﬁbroblasts.

Conclusion. Using mathematical analysis, the most important indicators that inﬂuence the reproductive prognosis in women with ovarian endometriosis (activity of nucleolar organizer regions, urine 6-SMT level) were determined, which makes it possible to create a model for calculating an individual reproductive prognosis.
Robot-Assistant Radical Cystectomy as a Modern Method of Personalized Treatment for Patients with Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Pavlov V. N. , Urmantsev M. F. , Bakeev M. R.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Radical cystectomy (RC) is the “gold standard” treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Robot-assisted RC (RARC) can act as a safe and eﬀective method of treating MIBC.

The aim of the study was to analyze our own experience with the use of RARC with intraoperative indocyanine green ﬂuorescence (ICG) and postoperative determination of tumor macrophage levels in the treatment of patients with MIBC.

Materials and methods. A study was conducted at the Clinic of the Bashkir State Medical University with the participation of 202 patients aﬅer RARC. 30 patients underwent intraoperative ICG ﬂuorescence testing. The levels of tumor macrophages in the removed macropreparations were determined in all patients. In the postoperative period, a survival analysis was performed.

Results. The sensitivity of the ICG ﬂuorescence method was 94.4 %, and the speciﬁcity was 83.3 %. High levels of expression of macrophage markers CD68 and CD163 signiﬁcantly predominate in the group with the cN+ stage (according to the clinical TNM classiﬁcation, there are signs of damage) (p = 0.027 and p = 0.018, respectively). ICG ﬂuorescence of regional lymph nodes (100 %) was observed in all patients with high CD68 and CD163 levels. A signiﬁcant decrease in survival was recorded in patients with high pathomorphological stage T (pT according to the TNM classiﬁcation) (r = 0.952, p < 0.05) and statistically signiﬁcant survival rates were obtained for pT1–pT4 groups (p < 0.05 for overall, cancer-speciﬁc and recurrence-free survival (OS, CSS, RFS, respectively)).

Discussion. More and more studies are appearing in the world literature proving the eﬀectiveness of RARC in the treatment of patients with MIBC. Compared with open and laparoscopic techniques, better surgical and comparable oncological results are demonstrated.

Conclusion. The results of the analysis of the RARC’s own experience indicate the eﬀectiveness of this method of treating MIBC. The use of ICG ﬂuorescence and veriﬁcation of tumor macrophages makesit possible to provide personalized care to oncourological patients.
Nephrotransplantectomy Using Radiosurgical Techniques
Authors: Akhtyamov R. R. , Ionin V. P.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Aﬅer the loss of kidney transplant function, patient curation can be a diﬃcult task. Nephrotransplantectomy (NTE) is the method of choice between reduction of immunosuppression with the abandonment of a non-functioning kidney transplant and embolization. This is an operation with potentially signiﬁcant indicators of blood loss, complications and mortality. Along with traditional NTE, we began to use endovascular isolation of the allograﬅ as a method of preoperative preparation before its removal.

The aim of the work is to investigate the eﬀect of the use of radiosurgical minimally invasive techniques on the surgical tactics of nephrotransplantectomy, the degree of blood loss, the frequency of complications and blood transfusion.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the data of 52 patients aﬅer NTE was performed. Depending on the method, patients are divided into two groups. In group 1 (main, n = 22), the operation was performed with pre-performed endovascular embolization of the graﬅ arteries (EEAT), in group 2 (control, n = 30) — without EEAT. The analysis of the results of the examination, intra- and postoperative indicators in patients by groups was carried out.

Results. In group 1, intraoperative blood loss was 10–80 ml, on average (35.4±19.9) ml; in group 2 — from 100 to 600 ml, on average (289.7±138.4) ml (p < 0.001). In group 2, damage to the main vessels occurred more oﬅen (n = 4) (13.3 % vs. 0 %), hemotransfusion was performed in 53.3 % of cases (n = 16) to correct posthemorrhagic anemia. Postoperative complications in the control group were recorded in 8 patients (26.7 %).

Discussion. Preventive endovascular embolization of the arteries of a kidney transplant signiﬁcantly reduces the frequency ofintra- and postoperative complications, allows nephrectomy to be performed on a planned basis andin a delayed manner.
Variability of Knee Joint Anatomy and the Impact of Its Individual Parameters on the Topography of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Authors: Volodin I. V. , Malanin D. A. , Kalitin K. Y. , Mukha O. Y. , Suchilin I. A. , Cherezov L. L.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The anatomical features of the knee joint are signiﬁcant as potential predictors of various diseases and injuries. However, the relationship between the anatomical position of the ACL and the structural parameters of the knee remains insuﬃciently studied. This work aims to identify statistically signiﬁcant correlations between individual knee parameters and their association with the topography of the ACL within the joint.

Purpose of the study. To determine statistically signiﬁcant relationships between individual knee parameters and their potential impact on the positioning of the ACLin the joint based on MRI data.

Materials and methods. The study involved the analysis of MRI images of 391 knee from patients of diﬀerent sexes. Measurements were taken for 19 parameters using standard tools for linear and angular measurements. The data underwent statistical processing.

Results and discussion. Six factors inﬂuencing the positioning of the ACL were identiﬁed. The study results challenge the validity of existing knee structure classiﬁcations, highlighting the need to explore the relationships between joint parameters. Factor analysis of the measured knee values allows for the identiﬁcation of new systems of interrelated parameters, including those independent of patient sex. The study emphasizes the importance of developing new MRI analysis methods for the knee using multiparametric models.

Conclusion. Our research highlights important correlations between knee parameters and the positioning of the ACL. Factors aﬀecting this dynamic underscore the need for an individualized approach to planning ACL reconstruction. The results provide a basis for developing more accurate analysis methods and personalized treatment strategies for orthopedic diseases, enhancing the eﬃcacy of clinical practice.
Hemocoagulation Disorders and Intoxication in Severe Acute Post-Manipulation Pancreatitis in the Experiment
Authors: Prudkov M. I. , Rantsev M. A. , Sarapultsev P. A. , Chupakhin O. N.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Acute post-manipulation pancreatitis (APMP) is a frequent complication aﬅer interventions on the major duodenal papilla. The APMP incidence reaches 15 %, of which 5–10 % are severe. The goal of the research is to determine the possibility of correcting hemocoagulation disorders and reducing endogenous toxemia syndrome severity in APMP.

Materials and methods. A comparative study was performed in 40 animals (nonlinear albino rats) with severe acute pancreatitis on APMP experimental model. L-17 compound from a new group of organic compounds substituted thiadiazines at a daily dose of 40 mg/kg was used.

Results. The development of hemocoagulation disorders and severe toxemia in animals with an experimental model of APMP has been shown. The indicators of the severity of hemocoagulation disorders and toxemia were studied in experimental APMP against the background of the introduction of the compound L-17 from the group of substituted thiadiazines.

Discussion. The course of APMP in the experiment is accompanied by the development of severe hemocoagulation disorders and severe toxemia. Eﬀective indicators reﬂecting the severity of APLP are D-dimers (hemocoagulation) and albumin binding capacity (toxemia).

Conclusion. The course of experimental severe APMP is accompanied by pronounced hemocoagulation disorders development involved in the pathogenesis and progression of multiple organ dysfunction, that is characterized by a high level of endogenous toxemia. The course of experimental APMP against the background of the introduction of the compound L-17 is marked by a decrease in the severity of hemocoagulation disorders and the level of endogenous toxemia.
Correction of Nitrosative Stress During Reparative Regeneration of the Nasal Cavity Mucosa in an Experimental
Authors: Berest I. Ye.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Nitric oxide metabolites play an important role in prolongation of the inﬂammatory reaction, disorders of epithelial regeneration in diseases of the upper respiratory tract. One of the promising approaches to regulating the bioactivity of nitric oxide is the use of antioxidants.

The objective of the study is to evaluate the eﬀectiveness of antioxidant therapy for the correction of nitrosative stress during reparative regeneration of the nasal mucosa in an experiment.

Methods. A preclinical randomized experimental study is conducted on 160 rats, divided into 4 groups. The control group (n = 40) consists of intact animals. Animals in experimental group 1 (n = 40) do not receive treatment aﬅer injury; in group 2 (n = 40) anti-inﬂammatory treatment is prescribed. The third group consists of laboratory rats (n = 40), which are additionally injected into the nasal cavity with an antioxidant — a 15 % solution of 1,1-dimethyl-3-oxobutylphosphonic acid dimethyl ester. On days 2, 5, 10, and 14 of observation, the concentration of nitrates and nitrites and C-reactive protein in the blood of animals are determined.

Results. In group 3, aﬅer an increase in the level of nitric oxide metabolites on day 2 aﬅer injury on day 5, a signiﬁcant (p < 0.05) decrease was noted in comparison with other groups, and by day 10— normalization of the indicator. An increase in the level of C-reactive protein in blood serum correlated with the concentration of nitric oxide metabolites.

Discussion. The optimal therapeutic eﬀect when taking antioxidants develops when administered in the ﬁrst hours aﬅer injury to reduce the excessive formation of reactive nitrogen radicals. However, the duration of administration should not exceed 4–5 days to avoid a signiﬁcant decrease in the level of nitric oxide metabolites and deterioration of mucosal regeneration.

Conclusions. Assessment of nitric oxide metabolitesin the blood at diﬀerent times aﬅer injury is an important marker of inﬂammatory activity. The use of antioxidants helps to reduce the concentration of active nitrogen radicals.
How can the use of platelet-rich fibrin benefit the extraction of mandibular third molars?
Authors: Lima Iolanda Maria Marques , Coutinho Lara Costa , Viana Carla Duarte de Melo , Oliveira Ana Beatriz Furtado de , Melo Radamés Bezerra , Moraes Raissa Pinheiro
Published: May 2024

Surgery for the removal of third molars is a surgical procedure commonly performed in Dentistry. It is associated with inflammatory events and possible complications, being more evident after the removal of lower molars, since in most cases there is a need for more invasive approaches. It is essential for the dentist to minimize such effects, providing a more peaceful postoperative period with less morbidity for the patient. In this context, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) was developed, which is considered a platelet aggregate obtained by centrifugation of the patient's own blood and proposes to minimize inflammatory effects, accelerate healing and repair processes, and reduce postoperative complications. A literature review on the effect of L-PRF in sockets after the removal of mandibular third molars was conducted, evaluating its efficacy on pain, swelling, trismus, and healing. A bibliographic survey was performed on the PubMed, Web of Science, and Elsevier databases, using the following descriptors: 'platelet rich fibrin', 'third molar', and 'surgery', limiting to articles written in English published from 2013 to 2023. Thus, we have a current scientific overview of the real effect of using this platelet aggregate in the extraction of lower third molars. The studies reviewed, for the most part, showed positive results in improving pain, swelling, trismus, and healing.
Assessment of prospects for achieving the national goal of halving the poverty rate compared to the 2017
Authors: Tebekin Alexey
Published: May 2024

The paper presents research on the problem of reducing poverty in Russian Federation. The purpose of the research is to assess the prospects for achieving the national goal of twofold poverty level reducing in Russia by 2030 compared to the 2017. However, in terms of dynamics to the approaches to the poverty, it will be possible to achieve the twofold poverty reduction by 2030 compared to the 2017. It can be implemented in accordance with Presidential Decree No. 474 on 21 July 2020. Moreover, it is not the problem solving; the measurement scale transformation is not the proper tool that can eliminate (or at least reduce) poverty in society. The practical significance of the research is the introduction of a differentiated progressive taxation scale and development of favourable conditions for the intensive development of high-tech and competitive production as the most effective tools for poverty reduction. It will cause an increase in the population’s income, strengthening of the national distributive and redistributive functions. Additionally, it allows ones’ to reduce the income gap between the richest and poorest segments of the population (reduction of the Gini index).
Food stamps: systematisation of Russian practice
Authors: Mityashin Gleb
Published: May 2024

The paper presents an analysis of food stamp programmes in Russia. These programmes are funding the purchase of food in the form of directed payments or auxiliary payment instruments. However, there is no unified concept of food stamps. Indeed, the separate regional programs are launched. They controlled both by the State and non-profit associations. Additionally, there are various practices in Russia using similar tools to ensure national food security. The paper attempts to formulate mandatory criteria for food stamps. It also presents a classification for assessment of food stamp programmes structure. Hence the work assesses the organisational changes in terms of digitalisation of food stamp programmes. Nowadays, the Russian Federation is in the process of accumulating experience in the use of food stamps. The independent programs are being launched and assessed in various regions, the regulatory framework for the launch of larger-scale projects are being developed, etc. The most significant change increasing the efficiency of using food stamps is the digitalisation of the process. Modern food stamps have undergone a profound organisational transformation through the use of digital tools. Their use is more convenient for all stakeholders and makes it possible to effectively provide food support to the indigent people. Hence introducing of food stamp programme in the Russian Federation will improve public access to food and contribute to an increase in living standards. Moreover, the programme expands the demand for food products, increases the economic stability of producers, and forms conditions for import substitution programmes for food production.
Institutional measures to support the Education – Labour Market system in regions of Russia
Authors: Berendeeva Alla , Berendeeva Olga
Published: May 2024

The paper analyses the dynamics of unemployment in the Central Federal District regions in 2018-2022. The main issues are problems at the Russian labour market in 2020-2023, and measures of their state regulation taken at the federal and regional levels. The paper considers the measures of state support for the Russian labour market during the COVID-19 pandemic and economic restrictions, and describes their consequences. Also there is an assessment of the role of secondary vocational education system, implementation of state programs and national projects, i.e. the federal projects «Professional», «Young Professionals». Paper listed the professions and specialties in colleges of the Ivanovo and Yaroslavl regions. On the example of the Ivanovo region we consider the establishment of educational and production centres (clusters). The study considers goals, objectives, stages, directions of development, institutional environment, services of the National Qualifications System of the Russian Federation, the essence of Independent Qualification Assessment in details. The study also highlights the role of the state for a secondary vocational education system development.
Non-functional demand model vs functional demand model: prospects for competitiveness in a transforming world
Authors: Rodina Galina , Rodin Vladimir
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyse the problem of changing the relationship between non-functional and functional demand. The main task of the presented research is to define the most competitive model (based on functional or non-functional demand) of consumer behaviour in the conditions of the economy of the 20s of the XXI century. To solve this problem, we studied the structure of consumer demand: functional and non-functional ones. We identified the features of non-functional demand, and considered the reasons for its expansion in modern society. Moreover, paper highlights fixing changes in consumer orientations, which resulted in the search for satisfaction not only of material needs, but also aesthetic, emotional, and social ones. It allowed us to formulate a conclusion on the existence of objective reasons for the spread of non-functional demand. Within the framework of non-functional demand, we perform an analysis of origin and expansion of the downshifting phenomenon through the transformation of the basis of functional demand. The authors believe that qualitative changes in global socio-economic development have revolutionized the theoretical concepts of rationality, which are the basis of the functional demand model. Nevertheless, authors criticise the interpretation of downshifting as a model of irrational consumer behaviour, and put forward a hypothesis on the legitimacy of this new phenomenon to be analysed within the framework of functional demand. The authors consider the assumption of the possibility of changing the objectives of society to be a condition for the realization of this hypothesis. it can cause the transformation of «efficiency» concept over the past 300 years. Paper forecasts increasing of non-economic goals rationality, cooperation, mutual benefits, and the coupling of knowledge and technology to moral, cultural, and ethical principles and norms. As a result, in the contrary to the widespread assessment of downshifting as a deviant form of consumer behavior, there was put forward hypothesis considering downshifting as a part of classical consumer choice matrix, taking into account the transformation of this matrix itself.
Data envelopment analysis for identification of bank branches appropriate locations in terms of their efficient operation
Authors: Nagiev Muhammad
Published: May 2024

One of the main banking activities is the branch network. It provides the effective banking, the profitability. Choosing the right location of branches is very important for the bank effective operation. Random or intuitively locations can have a negative impact on key performance indicators in the future. The correct and thoughtful choice of the bank branch location ultimately determines its maximum efficiency. The paper concerns with the determining of the bank branch location in terms of thorough mathematical calculation and many factors influencing bank activity. We developed a special calculation method using the DEA (Data Envelope Analysis) methodology, considering financial, branch location, location features, etc. The paper dwells on the issue of one large branch effectiveness comparing to several smaller branches covering a wider consumer area on the example of the branch on A. Sharifzade street, Baku, Azerbaijan. Indeed, it is important to consider the location in terms of its geolocation and landscape. However, one of the main issues is expediency of establishing one large or several small branches in densely populated areas. Moreover, it is necessary to take into account the infrastructure to improve the bank performance. To consider this issue, we use both hypothetical and statistical data of Capital Bank. It is one of the largest banks in Azerbaijan. Also it has a large network of branches. The article examines expediency of establishing one large or several small branches in the area close to the existing branch of Capital Bank on A. Sharifzade street. The efficiency of the current operating branch was compared with the total efficiency of virtual branches in several combinations. We analysed the indicators of the Inshaatchylar branch and virtual branches in different combinations in different locations in accordance with DEA CRS (Constant Return to Scale) method. Additionally, we determined the effectiveness of both the Inshaatchylar branch and virtual branches in various combinations. Thus, the highest score is the most effective one.
Impact of next-generation Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) on international relations
Authors: Tianyu XIE
Published: May 2024

The new generation of artificial intelligence technologies occurrence represented by ChatGPT is the beginning of the Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) era. In contrast to the impact of weak AI technologies on international relations discussed in the previous era, AGI is no longer just a tool in the traditional sense. The human-computer integration facilitated by AGI technology will rapidly and deeply penetrate into all areas of social policy and economy. It also may change the mode of social production and economic development, influence international relations and geopolitics by transforming the comprehensive state capacity, and simultaneously force new challenges in global governance. The acknowledgement of a new generation of AGI technological qualitative changes’ impact on future changes in international relations is no longer the fantasy; the underlying AGI changes in labour productivity will certainly lead to a disruptive reconfiguration of future international relations.
Competitiveness of companies in the design, engineering and construction of nuclear power plants
Authors: Rastvortseva Svetlana , Tikhonova Anna
Published: May 2024

Increasing electricity consumption in the modern world makes the unique nuclear power market. It provides growing secured demand, specific external development factors. However, only four companies involved in the design, engineering, and construction of nuclear power plants (NPPs). The competitiveness of those companies included into M. Porter’s theory framework, but has its own characteristics. The purpose of the study is to determine the specifics of companies competitiveness engaged in the design, engineering, and construction of nuclear power plants, and assess the factors and prospects for their development. Besides, we define the theoretical base of international competitiveness with regard to the specific features of this economic sector, characterise the companies operating on the market, and build a model of the competitiveness formation of four representatives under the domestic factors of development. In conclusion, we will present the prospects for ROSATOM development in an internationally competitive environment. The models of competitiveness formation show the positive impact of investments in human capital, ESG agenda implementation, and long-term prospects of R&D projects. The research provides information for developing the theory of competitiveness and improving the company’s activities in this economic sector.
Analysis of Solid Waste Treatment Practices in Footwear Factories
Authors: Schreiber Dusan , Silva Débora Alessandra da
Published: May 2024

In this research, the practices adopted in two footwear industries, located in the southern region of Brazil, Vale do Sinos, to treat solid waste were investigated. Scientific literature, either national or international, converges on the perception of relevance of the environmental impact generated in this production chain, both due to the total volume of shoes that are manufactured and sold annually, and in view of the difficulties related to the disposal of footwear, at the end of its useful life. From this perspective, this study is justified and aims to identify and analyze, in the light of the reviewed scientific literature, which deals with waste from the footwear industry, the practices adopted in the treatment of solid waste in that economic sector. In order to achieve the objective, a case study strategy was carried out in two companies, using a qualitative approach, with the collection of empirical data through semi-structured interviews with organizational managers, indicated by the management of the organizations, in addition to documentary survey and participant observation systematic. The results showed that the two companies, one large and the second small, have a clear perception of the need to adopt sustainable practices and have already made several adjustments to the organizational system to promote alignment with sustainability principles. However, the actions and initiatives adopted to date show that the two organizations are still at an early stage of sustainability, especially in the solid waste treatment process.
A Semantic Exploration Into The Directional Events In Vietnamese
Authors: Ngoc Toan Ly
Published: May 2024

This study explores the semantic properties of directional events in Vietnamese through the analysis of approximately 500 sentences extracted from the miscellaneous genres and texts in Vietnamese. Grounded in Halliday’s (2014) systemic functional grammar framework, the analysis examines the interplay between verbs and circumstances in predicates in expressing directional events. The purpose is to provide a comprehensive understanding of how directional events are constructed in Vietnamese by utilizing authentic language data. The study addresses the complexity of directional event semantics by exploring diverse perspectives on event classification and cognitive constructions. Given the challenges of analyzing a non-inflected language like Vietnamese, the research advocates applying Halliday's framework to enhance coherence in analyzing directional events. The results offer valuable insights into the semantic aspects of directional events in Vietnamese, benefiting linguists, language educators, and researchers interested in the broader implications of directional events cross-linguistically.
The nexus of minds unveiling the significance of AI in mental health and viable remedie
Authors: Durga Chavali  , Vinod Kumar Dhiman
Published: May 2024

The world is evolving at a cutthroat rate, and the integration of mental well-being and technology can yield promising results. For this reason, I have created The Nexus of Minds, which focuses on exploring the role of AI in changing the dynamics and thought processes of how we address and approach mental health issues. I am focusing on the transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence as a force for accessible, personalized, and effective mental healthcare. Mental healthcare has a huge spectrum, and I am exploring the multifaceted applications of AI, which have the potential to change the landscape. Machine Learning, Data Analytics, and Natural Language Processing have shown immense advancements, which is empowering AI to redefine how mental health issues are diagnosed and treated. Ranging from earlier intervention through continuous monitoring to all-time support, this book focuses on different ways in which AI solutions are improving the quality of mental healthcare and clinical results. It focuses on how AI is empowering people on their mental health journey. In addition to the technological innovation, I will navigate through the ethical considerations that need to be focused on, including but not limited to privacy, algorithmic bias, data privacy and security, and the role of human connection and empathy in mental healthcare. By understanding these essentials, I am offering insights into the responsible, ethical, and balanced integration of AI into mental health support. Moreover, this book focuses on apps and chatbots that are already providing help to people struggling with mental health illnesses and how they are benefiting from AI-centric mental health services. As a result, the readers will be able to gain an understanding of how AI will improve the quality of mental healthcare and destigmatize mental health conditions. With "The Nexus of Minds," I envision a future where AI won't be merely a tool but an absolute force in mental healthcare by breaking down the stigma and societal barriers to give hope to struggling people. This book will become a guiding beacon, providing information about the seamless coexistence of ethical and compassionate mental healthcare and tech advancement. I have taken an interdisciplinary approach, making it a promising resource for healthcare professionals, policymakers, researchers, and common people who want to see a bright future in the mental health industry.
From hospital to home: Analyzing the market dynamics of home health and hospital-at-home care
Authors: Vinod Kumar Dhiman  , Durga Chavali
Published: May 2024

The home health care industry in the United States is expected to develop at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.89% from 2023 to 2032, and is expected to reach approximately $300 billion by 2028. The aging population, rising rates of chronic illnesses, the need for post-hospitalization care, and patient preferences for at-home care are some of the factors contributing to this growth. In addition to non-medical help with everyday life activities, home health care offers medical treatments such skilled nursing and physical therapy. Large providers with the greatest patient volume, such as AccentCare, Amedisys, and Enhabit Home Health & Hospice, dominate the industry. To guarantee patient safety and high-quality care, home health agencies are subject to regulatory scrutiny. Home health care can also be a valuable source of information and respite for family caregivers. The capabilities of home health care have been increased by technological developments in telehealth and remote monitoring, which allow medical professionals to keep an eye on patients' status and interact with them from a distance. All things considered, the home health care sector is changing to accommodate the expanding and varied requirements of patients who want to receive treatment in the convenience of their own homes, offering an affordable and individualized substitute for traditional hospital settings.
МУТАЦИЯ c.1423С>Т (р.Pro475Ser) ГЕНА ADAMTS-13 ПРИ ГЕМОЛИТИКО-УРЕМИЧЕСКОМ СИНДРОМЕ (КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ)
Authors: Шепетов А.М. , Балмуханова А.М. , Нигматуллина Н.Б. , Абдуллина М.К. , Бидайбай А.Б. , Абиев Д.К. , Несипбай Ж.Ж. , Ауелтай К.М. , Ермек А.А.
Published: May 2024

Гемолитико-уремический синдром, проявляющийся гемолитической анемией, нарушением функции почек и тромбоцитопенией, рассматривается как одна из наиболее частых причин острого почечного повреждения у детей, и как следствие, приводит в дальнейшем к развитию хронической болезни почек. В данной статье мы приводим клинический пример гемолитико-уремического синдрома у ребенка на фоне уже имеющейся врожденной аномалии развития мочевыделительной системы — гипоплазии обеих почек с прогрессированием до терминальной стадии хронической болезни почек. В ходе подготовки к трансплантации почки пациенту было проведено молекулярно-генетическое исследование, интерпретация результатов которого несколько противоречива в отношении диагноза, но имеет практическое значение для определения дальнейшей тактики ведения пациента и предотвращения возможных осложнений.
ФИТОХИМИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ НАДЗЕМНОЙ ЧАСТИ РАСТЕНИЯ GEUM ALEPPICUM JACQ
Authors: Кунтубек Г.Н. , Кожанова К.К. , Мухамедсадыкова А.Ж. , Махатова Б.Г.
Published: May 2024

В настоящее время в научной медицине особое внимание уделяется разработке лекарственных препаратов растительного происхождения. Поэтому перспективы поиска новых источников растений, богатых биологически активными веществами высоки. В связи с этим в статье был изучен фитохимический анализ растения Geum aleppicum Jacq. В этой статье рассказывается о Geum aleppicum Jacq., химический состав надземной части растительного сырья и содержание биологически активных веществ. Представлены количественные характеристики макро и микроэлементов и количество аминокислот, содержащихся в растительном сырье. В результате анализа было исследовано, что растение имеет высокое содержание магния и кальция. Количественное содержание аминокислот в растительном сырье определяли ГСХ-методом. Таким образом, Geum aleppicum Jacq. большое значение в разработке фитопрепаратов имеет как источник биологически активных веществ.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ОСТРОЙ ТОКСИЧНОСТИ И АНАЛЬГЕТИЧЕСКОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ 3-МЕТОКСИ-4- ГИДРОКСИБЕНЗИЛИДЕН ГИДРАЗИДА α-МЕТИЛ-N-ПИПЕРИДИЛ ПРОПАНОВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ
Authors: Хамитова А.Е. , Берилло Д.А.
Published: May 2024

Работа посвящена определению острой токсичности для установления безопасности 3-метокси-4- гидроксибензилиден гидразида α-метил-N-пиперидил пропановой кислоты и исследованию его анальгетической активности. В статье представлены результаты сравнительного изучения анальгетической активности соединения 3-метокси-4-гидроксибензилиден гидразида α-метил-N-пиперидил пропановой кислоты с референтными препаратами. Методы. Исследование на определение острой токсичности проводилось на белых беспородных белых мышах массой 18-25 г. в виварии научно-исследовательского института фундаментальной и прикладной медицины имени Б. Атчабарова. Исследуемые образцы вводили однократно через желудочный зонд в дозе по 500, 1000 и 1500 мг/кг. Определение анальгетической активности проводили с помощью теста тепловой иммерсии хвоста при погружении в горячую воду (tail immersion) и теста горячей пластины (hot plate): регистрировали время с момента помещения на горячую поверхность +(55 ± 2)ºС и в воду +(55 ± 2)ºС до появления поведенческого ответа (облизывания задних лап, прыжки, отдергивание задней лапы и отдергивание хвоста) после однократного внутримышечного введения исследуемого соединения и препаратов сравнения. Результаты. Введение максимальной дозы (1500 мг/кг) 3-метокси-4-гидроксибензилиден гидразида α-метил-Nпиперидил пропановой кислоты характеризовалось нулевой летальностью, что позволяет отнести его к 3 классу токсичности. Нами не было обнаружено видимых признаков возможной нейротоксичности. В течение трех часов после введения образцов мыши активно проявляли интерес к воде и пище. При сравнении поведения мышей опытных и контрольной групп характерных отличий не было отмечено. Заключение. Исследуемое соединение 3-метокси-4-гидроксибензилиден гидразида α-метил-N-пиперидил пропановой кислоты относится к малотоксичным соединениям (3 класс токсичности). Полученные результаты, в ходе определения анальгетической активности свидетельствуют об открытии нового прототипа анальгетиков.
CONTEMPORARY STATE OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA AMONG CHILDREN
Authors: SAUSSANOVA D.ZH. , BAYMURATOVA M.A. , TUGULBAEVA A.S. , LOBANOV R.K. , PAVLENKO E.D. , ZHADIL A.D.
Published: May 2024

This paper provides a brief overview of the current state of diagnosis and treatment of bronchial asthma among the pediatric population, given the increasing incidence worldwide. Materials and methods: Wiley, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus databases and health compilations of the Republic of Kazakhstan over a five-year period (2018-2023) were used for this review. Currently, the WHO European Region is facing a significant threat from the growing incidence of preventable noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), among which chronic respiratory diseases are highlighted. These diseases not only reduce the quality of life of individuals but also cause substantial economic damage to families, communities, and countries as a whole, which underscores the relevance of our chosen topic. According to expert estimates, there are more than 350 million people worldwide with bronchial asthma, with about 5-10% of cases being among the pediatric population. In Kazakhstan, there is a steady trend of increasing incidence worldwide.
ОЦЕНКА РЕЗИСТЕНТНОСТИ ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII К АНТИБИОТИКАМ У БОЛЬНЫХ С ИНФЕКЦИОННЫМИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯМИ ВЕРХНИХ ДЫХАТЕЛЬНЫХ ПУТЕЙ НА ПРИМЕРЕ Г.АЛМАТЫ
Authors: Сейталиева А.М. , Ахаева Т.А. , Кайранова Г. , Сарсенова Л.К. , Жапаркулова К.А. , Жусупова Г.Д. , Кудайбергенова А. , Мереке А. , Бахтавар Р.
Published: May 2024

Инфекции, вызванные Acinetobacter baumannii, с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью зачастую считаются внутрибольничными инфекциями, особенно у пациентов, госпитализированных в отделения интенсивной терапии. Данный вид бактерий довольно трудно поддается лечению благодаря резистентности к антибактериальным препаратам (АБ). Цель: Оценить частоту встречаемости чувствительности/резистентности к антибактериальным препаратам штаммов Acinetobacter baumannii, выделенных у больных с инфекционными заболеваниями верхних дыхательных путей в городе Алматы. Материалы и методы: Были изучены первичные материалы годовых отчетов Городской клинической инфекционной больницы им. И. Жекеновой г. Алматы за 2021-2023 годы, которые включали в себя результаты бактериологического исследования материала, взятого из зева, и мокроты пациентов. Возраст больных составил от 20 до 76 лет. Количество пациентов в 2021 году составило 1785 чел., в 2022 году – 1007 чел. и в 2023 году - 314 чел. Была определена чувствительность микроорганизма к 22 различным видам антибиотиков. Исключение составил 2022 год, когда количество антибиотиков, включенных в анализ было ограничено (от 1 до 9 по каждому наименованию). Чувствительность к антибиотикам определялась согласно СОП-24-2021 (стандартные операционные процедуры) «Определение чувствительности к антибиотикам диско-диффузным методом» [1]. В качестве статистического метода исследования был использован непараметрический корреляционный анализ Спирмана с помощью программы GraphPadprism 5. Результаты. В 2021 году было обследовано 1785 пациентов, из которых у 181 обнаружен Acinetobacter baumannii и это составляет 9,5%. За 2022 год было исследовано 1007 проб, из которых в 48 выявлен данный микроорганизм. В 2023 году встречаемость Acinetobacter baumannii составила 4,8% (15 культур в исследованных 314 пробах). Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о крайне высокой резистентности штаммов Acinetobacter baumannii к антибиотикам: в пределах от 75 до 100% (Например, устойчивость к Левофлоксацину составила 81%, к Меропенему- 89%, к Цефтриаксону - 99%, а к Доксициклину – 75% и Пиперацилину - 100%). Препараты 3 и 4 поколения цефалоспоринов, 3-го поколения аминогликозидов и препараты с комбинированным составом, такие как Триметоприм/Сульфаметоксазол (92%), Ампициллин/Сульбактам (100%), Пиперациллин/Тазобактам (88%) также оказались неэффективны. Только 2 антибиотика из изученных показали относительно высокую активность. Это Колистин и Тигецеклин (1% и 21% резистентных штаммов, соответственно). Выводы. Полученные данные указывают на крайне высокий уровень резистентности Acinetobacter baumannii к антибактериальным препаратам. Высокой эффективностью же обладают такие препараты, как Колистин и Тигециклин.
ТІСТЕРДІҢ ТІСЖЕГІСІНІҢ МОРФОЛОГИЯЛЫҚ АСПЕКТІЛЕРІ
Authors: Мұсабекова С.А. , Мхитарян К.Э. , Абдикадирова Х.Р. , Атмтаев Ж.Ж.
Published: May 2024

Көбінесе ортопедиялық тұрақты құрылымдардың астындағы тістің ауырсынуының себебі прогрессивті тісжегі (кариес) болып табылады. Ұзақ мерзімді тісжегі мен периодонтит тістің ауырсыну сезімталдығының шегін төмендетеді және кейіннен тістің жоғалуына әкеледі. Зерттеу мақсаты: ортопедиялық алынбайтын конструкциялардың астында орналасқан тістердің қатты тіндерінің тісжегімен зақымдануының морфологиялық өзгерістерін тексеру. Материалдар мен әдістер Алынбайтын ортопедиялық құрылымдардың астында орналасқан 60 тістің қатты тіндерінің тісжегімен зақымдануының морфологиялық көрінісі зерттелді. Медициналық себептер бойынша 19 бен 72 жас аралығындағы адамдарда тістері алынып тасталған. Ортопедиялық алынбайтын құрылымды алып тастағанға дейін және одан кейін алынған әрбір тіс стоматологиялық құралдардың стандартты жиынтығымен көзбен және аспаппен зерттелді содан кейін микроскопия жасалды. Нәтижелер Ортопедиялық тұрақты құрылымдардың астындағы тістердің морфологиялық талдауы тісжегімен зақымданусыз алынған тістердің саны 8,3% екенін көрсетті. Тәж бен түбірдің біріктірілген зақымдануы 48,3% анықталды, науқастың жасына қарамастан 18,4% — да crown of the tooth толық жойылуы анықталды. Тістері тісжегімен зақымдалған егде жастағы адамдарда 3,4 есе жиі кездеседі. Ортопедиялық тұрақты құрылымдардың астында орналасқан тістердің қатты тіндерінің тісжегімен зақымдануының морфологиялық көрінісі сипатталған. Қорытынды Жүргізілген зерттеу ортопедиялық құрылымдарды алып тастағаннан кейін тістердің қатты тіндерінің күйіндегі патоморфологиялық өзгерістерді тексеруге мүмкіндік берді.
ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ВИДОВ МИКРООРГАНИЗМОВ К ДЕЗИНФЕКТАНТАМ
Authors: Даулбаева С.Ф. , Тастанбекова Л.К. , Адиетова Ж.Ф. , Ашуева Н.И. , Строева А.А. , Ермекбаева Ф.Н. , Турсын А. , Сайлаубек К.Х.
Published: May 2024

В статье представлены результаты изучения чувствительности различных видов микроорганизмов, выделенных из окружающей среды к современным, широко используемым в лечебно-профилактических учреждениях и лабораториях дезинфицирующим средствам. Метод. Определение чувствительности микроорганизмов к дезинфицирующим средствам проводили методом, рекомендованным Федеральными клиническими рекомендациями «Способ определения чувствительности бактерий к дезинфицирующим средствам при мониторинге устойчивости к антимикробным препаратам в медицинских организациях». Результаты. В ходе исследования, штаммы микроорганизмов: Escherichia сoli, Staphylococcus аureus, грибы рода Candida, грибы рода Penicillium показали чувствительность к дезинфектантам «Мультихлор», «Люир Окси» и «V-dez amino». Выявлена устойчивость некоторых штаммов Bacillus сereus к дезинфицирующему средству «Люир Окси».