bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apuntes de un sofista cristiano en torno a la literatura griega: Ad adulescentes de Basilio el Grande
Authors: Gómez Pilar
Published: November 2018

Uno de los más influyentes Padres de la Iglesia, el capadocio Basilio el Grande, escribió una obra sobre el valor educacional de la literatura griega. Por su contenido esta pieza quizás pretende marcar una nítida frontera entre cristianismo y paganismo; sin embargo, el análisis formal del texto revela claramente que su autor puede ser considerado un sofista cristiano o un cristiano entre los sofistas. En este trabajo, trataremos de analizar de qué modo y con qué recursos formales Basilio dialoga con la tradición literaria griega, entendida como un depósito incuestionable de conocimiento, que puede imitar e incluso criticar, para adaptarla al entorno cultural del s. IV d. C. y ponerla al servicio de sus convicciones teológicas.
Multifuncionalidad y polisemia: descripción sintáctica, semántica y pragmática del griego οὐδέ
Authors: Redondo-Moyano Elena
Published: November 2018

Οὐδέ muestra en griego antiguo una notable multifuncionalidad y polisemia de manera que resulta difícil su inclusión en las categorías sintácticas tradicionales. Este trabajo constituye una contribución a su descripción sintáctica, semántica y pragmática, realizado en el corpus de las novelas griegas conservadas completas, cinco obras escritas entre los siglos I y IV en un griego aticista. El análisis revela que οὐδέ tiene dos funciones en el marco discursivo: la de conector o colaborador en la conexión entre dos unidades discursivas; y la de modificador de un segmento discursivo al que señala como foco inclusivo. Ambas funciones permiten incluirlo entre los marcadores o partículas discursivas.
Travail et psychologie : Vygotski avec Spinoza
Authors: Clot Yves
Published: November 2018

L’article cherche, à partir d’exemples, à rendre la psychologie du travail discutable par des philosophes. Avec Lev Vygotski, un psychologue russe décédé en 1934, on soutient une position empruntant beaucoup à Spinoza, en particulier sur la question de l’affect. S’agissant du  travail, on explore la liaison entre l’éthique, la psychologie et la politique.
Meeting Gender Gaps in Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
Authors: Zhou Chunfang
Published: November 2018

This chapter will bridge theories such as ICT, creativity, learning, and gender in one framework, and particularly focuses on how to meet gender gaps in learning contexts by using ICT and the strategies of developing gender sensitive creativity training programs in developing contexts. In this sense, this chapter contributes to imply both how to encourage more women users and how women can better use ICT for developing contexts in the changes towards creative society. Accordingly, a review on developing ICT-supported educational programs in diverse contexts around the world will be firstly made, which highlights the strategy of learning though ICT is not a new initiative; however, why gender gaps in using ICT are still key issues? This drives this chapter to further discuss gender gaps in developing creativity by ICT from a psychological perspective. Finally, a series of strategies of developing gender sensitive creativity training programs will be discussed in order to facilitate the changes towards a creative society.
A Supply Chain Management View of Human Capital-Intensive Firms
Authors: Saglietto Laurence , Fernandez Dominique Bonet , Quillaud Alban , Paché Gilles
Published: November 2018

Logistics and supply chain management (SCM) is benefiting from today's disruptive information technologies. Disruptive technologies based on massive data capabilities offer new opportunities for growth in international trade, through supply networks and real-time management. The authors aim to shed light on the impact of digitization and digitalization and disruptive technologies on human-capital-intensive firms (HCIFs), particularly in the logistics sector. Three case studies of control towers, business spheres, and supply chain cockpits seem to indicate that a new generation of high value-added human capital is entering the logistics sector in the context of massive data.
Data Mining Techniques for Social Network Analysis
Authors: Vijayaganth V.
Published: November 2018

Social networks have increased momentously in the last decade. Individuals are depending on interpersonal organizations for data, news, and the assessment of different clients on various topics. These issues often make social network data very complex to analyze manually, resulting in the persistent use of computational means for analyzing them. Data mining gives a variety of systems for identifying helpful learning from huge datasets and a wide range of techniques for detecting useful knowledge from massive datasets like trends, patterns and rules. This chapter discusses different data mining techniques used in mining social networks.
Efficient Space Communication and Management (SCOaM) Using Cognitive Radio Networks Based on Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Murugan Suriya , Sumithra M. G.
Published: November 2018

The future of space communications has evolved towards being cognitive in order to improve energy and spectrum efficiency. Nowadays, near-Earth space satellites for weather, civil defense, and public commercial sectors are rapidly increasing, thereby resulting in congestion. Cognitive digital radio is a form of dynamic wireless communication in which a transceiver can intelligently detect the parts of communication channels that are currently not in use and instantly move into vacant channels while avoiding occupied ones. A challenge for communication between satellites and ground terminals involves calibrating both the time and frequency channels during rapid relative movement. A more dynamic and highly-precise algorithm for enhancing communication between satellites and base station terminals such as deep learning in cognitive radios is proposed that enables significant degree of automation in the space communication networks where spectrum interference is a key issue.
Cognitive Mining for Exploratory Data Analytics Using Clustering Based on Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Murugan Suriya , Sumithra M. G.  , Shanmugam Logeswari
Published: November 2018

This chapter examines the exploratory data analytics that require statistical techniques on data sets which are in the form of object-attribute-time format and referred to as three-dimensional data sets. It is very difficult to cluster and hence a subspace clustering method is used. Existing algorithms like CATSeeker are not actionable and its 3D structure complicates the clustering process, hence they are inadequate to solve this clustering problem. To cluster these three-dimensional data sets, a new centroid-based concept is introduced in the proposed system called clustering using particle swarm optimization (CPSO). This CPSO framework can be applied to financial and stock domain datasets through the unique combination of (1) singular value decomposition (SVD), (2) particle swarm optimization (PSO), and (3) 3D frequent item set mining which results in efficient performance. CPSO framework prunes the entire search space to identify the significant subspaces and clusters the datasets based on optimal centroid value.
Cognitive Social Exchange
Authors: K. P. Sampoornam
Published: November 2018

This book chapter presents the role of telecommunications network in voice and data transmission. Switching, signaling and transmission are the technologies used to carry out this process. In landline call establishment, calls are routed from subscriber handset to a remote switching unit (RSU), a main switching unit (MSU), and to the internet protocol trunk automated exchange (IPTAX). Then, it is directed to the National Internet Backbone (NIB). On the receiver side, the IPTAX receives this signal from the NIB and directs to it to the MSU and RSU, respectively. The receiver side RSU delivers the information to the destination subscriber. In order to transmit the information from one place to other, it undergoes various process like modulation, demodulation, line coding, equalization, error control, bit synchronization and multiplexing, digitizing an analog message signal, and compression. This chapter also discusses the various services provided by BSNL and agencies governing the internet. Finally, it focuses on the National Internet Backbone facility of BSNL, India.
Communication Needs in Cyberspace of Industrial Companies' Consumers
Authors: Davidavičienė Vida , Raudeliūnienė Jurgita , Putrimas Saulius
Published: November 2018

Communication needs of consumers change in the context of transformations and companies not only have to find out changing needs of consumers but also find proper communication measures that are necessary to satisfy such needs in order to create as bigger value as possible during a process of communication with consumers. The web opportunities not only provide new tools but also generate challenges related to the satisfaction of consumer needs. When communication needs of consumers change in the context of transformation, then consumer becomes more demanding in cyberspace. Therefore, organizations must not only continually analyse consumer needs, changes of behaviour, but also select effective measures of communication. In order to deal with the issues of such nature the research focuses on the purpose to identify ever-changing needs of different consumer types in the cyberspace and to provide industrial organizations with recommendations how communication measures could help meet these needs more effectively.
A Fuzzy Integer Programming Model to Locate Temporary Medical Facilities as Part of Pre-Disaster Management
Authors: Ayvaz Berk , Kuşakcı Ali Osman
Published: November 2018

The number and the scale of natural disasters have drastically increased over the last decades. One of the most vital stages of disaster preparedness is disaster response planning, and it plays an important role in limiting material and immaterial consequences, such as those caused by large scale earthquakes. In order to minimize human suffering and death, the aim of establishing a well-designed humanitarian relief chain must be to provide medicine, water, shelter, emergency food and supplies to the affected areas. From a holistic perspective, providing timely first aid and rapid transfer of injured victims to a medical facility is one of the most essential component of such chain. Thus, the location of first aid hospitals must be determined following a careful thought and planning process. This study presents a fuzzy integer programming model to determine the best location of the temporary hospitals which are expected to support extant state hospitals after a major earthquake. This study applies the proposed fuzzy model to the Üsküdar province of Istanbul and identifies optimum number and locations of field hospitals for a severe earthquake scenario.
Addressing Sustainability of Sanitation Systems
Authors: Starkl Markus , Brunner Norbert , Hauser Andreas Werner Helmut , Feil Magdalena , Kasan Hamanth
Published: November 2018

Recently, a technical draft of the international standard ISO/DIS 30500 for non-sewered sanitation systems has been developed (publication expected for 2018). Its innovative feature is the inclusion of sustainable aspects. This article discusses the motivation behind this standard and explores to what extent sustainability can be standardized. This research was based on the development of a concept-standard for sustainable sanitation and on surveys of experts working in sanitation and standardization.
The Effect of Pick Profile on the Cutting Performance of Point Attack Picks
Authors: He Bing , Shao Wen , Tang Jin Yuan , Zong Xue Mei , Kang K.X.
Published: November 2018

Tungsten carbide tipped pointed attack picks is widely used in mechanical machinerysuch as roadheaders, continuous miners and longwall shearers. Great efforts have been made toinvestigate the interaction between point attack pick and rock. However, the research on theinvestigation of pick profile on the cutting performance is still a subject little investigated by thescientific community. In this study, the rock fragmentation process is simulated using a 2D discreteelement code, PFC2D. In the simulations, four types of pick tip geometries (mushroom insert, bulletinsert, conical insert, and cap) were employed to investigate the effect of pick profile on the cuttingperformance of point attack picks. The forces acting on the pick and crack propagation process werecontinuously monitored during the simulations. The preliminary results of cutting performance ofthe picks under different cutting scenarios were analyzed.
Lithography-Based Ceramic Manufacturing (LCM) for Dental Applications
Authors: Hartmann Malte , Pfaffinger Markus , Stampfl Jürgen
Published: November 2018

Dental applications like crowns, veneers or bridges require high accuracy to be fitted on the patient’s stump. Stereolithography is an additive manufacturing method, which offers high precision by using light exposure as the layer generating mechanism. In the LCM process, this precision is combined with a thermal post-processing step to achieve full ceramic restorations. The overall production of such ceramic parts in a reproducible way is a highly complex procedure. The first requirement is to find a slurry formulation, which is stable against sedimentation and segregation, that is also processable in a stereolithographic system. Such a formulation has been found by us, which could be shown by rheology measurements. During experiments with this formulation, it could be observed that there is a correlation between wet film thickness and resolution. Several adjustments to the machine have been made, to fully control this parameter. Namely, changes to the vat, the doctor blade and the building platform have been made. The improvement of the process and the quality of the final parts are validated by fabricating Siemens stars and by biaxial bending tests.
Interspecific variation in life history traits of Elasmostethus (Hemiptera: Acanthosomatidae)
Authors: Kudo S. , Yamamoto Aki , Ichita Tadao , Tatsuta Haruki
Published: November 2018

Life history traits, such as clutch size, egg size (weight), developmental periods of eggs, and female body (abdomen) size, were investigated in Japanese species of the genus Elasmostethus Fieber (Hemiptera: Acanthosomatidae): E. amabilis Yamamoto, E. brevis Lindberg, E. humeralis Jakovlev, E. interstinctus (Linnaeus), E. kerzhneri Yamamoto, and E. nubilus (Dallas). With the exception of clutch size, significant differences were observed in the traits among species. No species exhibited maternal care of eggs. These data form a solid basis for future comparative analyses in the family Acanthosomatidae, which contains both subsocial and asocial species.
A review of vision screening methods for children
Authors: Metsing Ingrid T. , Jacobs Wanda , Hansraj Rekha
Published: November 2018

Background: What constitutes an appropriate vision screening protocol is controversial, because the tests or methods are expected to be cost-effective, expedient and easy but efficient in detecting visual anomalies among children.Aim: This review intends to compare the different vision screening tests for children and methods in the interest of identifying the most effective screening method from the standpoint of validity, public acceptance, expediency and cost.Method: The literature search was performed for this review using the Medline, Science Direct and EBSCOhost databases. The search terms used were vision screening methods or tests, children’s vision screenings, computer software programs and vision screening instruments. The inclusion criteria for the articles reviewed were all types of articles related to vision screening methods. The exclusion criteria were all articles for which full text was not available and those not available in English. Eighty articles were analysed, of which 33 were found to have complied with the inclusion criteria and were selected. From the first round of articles retrieved, additional references were identified by a manual search among the cited references.Results: Evidence from the literature reviewed demonstrated that the conventional vision screening method (isolated and combination tests) is the method commonly used to detect a range of relevant visual anomalies among the schoolgoing age group (≥ 6 years) and drew attention to the need for training of vision screening personnel. However, in addition to the conventional method, other vision screening methods include instruments as an adjunct for screening preschoolers and those difficult to screen (≤ 6 years).Conclusion: Inconsistencies in what constitutes an appropriate vision screening method still exist, especially with the booming market of using computer software programs, which still needs to be validated.
Zeros of irreducible characters of metabelian $p$-groups
Authors: Wilde Tom
Published: November 2018

We show that if

\chi

is an irreducible complex character of a metabelian

p

-group

P

, where

p

is an odd prime, and if

x\in P

satisfies

\chi(x)\neq 0

, then the order of

x

divides $|P|\chi(1)^2.
Regularity results for quasilinear degenerate elliptic obstacle problems in Carnot groups
Authors: Du Guangwei , Niu Pengcheng , Han Junqiang
Published: November 2018

Let

\{X_1 ,\ldots ,X_m \}

be a basis of the space of horizontal vector fields on the Carnot group

\mathbb{G}=(\mathbb{R}^N, \circ)(m < N)

. We establish regularity results for solutions to the following quasilinear degenerate elliptic obstacle problem

\begin{align*}
&\int\limits_\Omega \langle \langle AXu,Xu\rangle ^{\frac{p-2}{2}}AXu,X(v-u)\rangle dx\\ &\quad\geq\int\limits_\Omega B(x,u,Xu)(v-u)dx +\int\limits_\Omega \langle f(x),X(v-u)\rangle dx,\quad \text{for all } v\in \mathcal{K}_\psi^\theta (\Omega),
\end{align*}

where

A=(a_{ij}(x))_{m\times m}

is a symmetric positive-definite matrix with measurable coefficients,

p

is close to 2,

\mathcal{K}_\psi ^\theta(\Omega )=\{v\in HW^{1,p}(\Omega)\colon v\geq \psi \;\text{a.e.}\;{\rm in}\;\Omega ,v-\theta\in HW_0^{1,p} (\Omega )\}

,

\psi

is a given obstacle function,

\theta

is a boundary value function with

\theta \geq \psi

. We first prove the

C_X^{0,\alpha}

regularity of solutions provided that the coefficients of

A

are of vanishing mean oscillation (VMO). Then the

C_X^{1,\alpha }

regularity of solutions is obtained if the coefficients belong to the class

\text{BMO}_\omega

which is a proper subset of VMO.
Finite groups with the pp-embedding property
Authors: Stocka Agnieszka
Published: November 2018

A subset

X

of a finite group

G

is called g\nbdash independent if there is no proper subset

Y

of

X

such that

\langle Y,\Phi(G) \rangle = \langle X,\Phi(G) \rangle.

The group

G

has the embedding property if every g\nbdash independent subset of

G

can be embedded in a minimal generating set of

G

.If

X

is a set of prime power order elements, then we say that

G

has the pp-embedding property. In this note we classify all finite solvable groups with the pp-embedding property. Moreover we prove that this class is equal to the class of finite solvable groups with the embedding property.
A Cross-Sectional Population Study of Geographic, Age-Specific, and Household Risk Factors for Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Infection in Western Kenya
Authors: Peprah Sally , Tenge Constance , Genga Isaiah O. , Mumia Mediatrix , Were Pamela A. , Kuremu Robert T. , Wekesa Walter N. , Sumba Peter O. , Kinyera Tobias , Otim Isaac , Legason Ismail D. , Biddle Joshua , Reynolds Steven J. , Talisuna Ambrose O. , Biggar Robert J. , Bhatia Kishor , Goedert James J. , Pfeiffer Ruth M. , Mbulaiteye Sam M.
Published: November 2018

The burden of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria in Kenya is decreasing; however, it is still one of the top 10 causes of morbidity, particularly in regions of western Kenya. Between April 2015 and June 2016, we enrolled 965 apparently healthy children aged 0–15 years in former Nyanza and Western Provinces in Kenya to characterize the demographic, geographic, and household risk factors of asymptomatic malaria as part of an epidemiologic study to investigate the risk factors for endemic Burkitt lymphoma. The children were sampled using a stratified, multistage cluster sampling survey design. Malaria was assessed by rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and thick-film microscopy (TFM). Primary analyses of Pf malaria prevalence (pfPR) are based on RDT. Associations between weighted pfPR and potential risk factors were evaluated using logistic regression, accounting for the survey design. Plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence was 36.0% (27.5%, 44.5%) by RDT and 22.3% (16.0%, 28.6%) by TFM. Plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence was positively associated with living in the lake-endemic area (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.46; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.63, 7.37), paternal occupation as peasant farmer (aOR 1.87; 1.08, 3.26) or manual laborer (aOR 1.83; 1.00, 3.37), and keeping dogs (aOR 1.62; 0.98–2.69) or cows (aOR 1.52; 0.96–2.40) inside or near the household. Plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence was inversely associated with indoor residual insecticide spraying (IRS) (aOR 0.44; 0.19, 1.01), having a household connected to electricity (aOR 0.47; 0.22, 0.98), and a household with two (aOR 0.45; 0.22, 0.93) or ≥ three rooms (aOR 0.41; 0.18, 0.93). We report high but geographically heterogeneous pfPR in children in western Kenya and significant associations with IRS and household-level socioeconomic factors.
Case Report: Diagnosis of Cryptosporidiosis in Renal Transplantation in a Low-Prevalence Setting
Authors: Zheng Shuwei , Ko Kwan Ki Karrie , Chan Kian Sing , Venkatachalam Indumathi
Published: November 2018

In high prevalence settings, cryptosporidiosis is commonly implicated as a cause of a gastroenteritis syndrome in the organ transplant population. Stool microscopy is predominant diagnostic modality. Therapeutic options in this group of patients are limited, making their management exceptionally challenging. We describe a case of a renal transplant recipient with cryptosporidiosis confirmed by the stool FilmArray gastrointestinal panel (GIP) nucleic acid-based assay and stool microscopy, describe our institutional experience in diagnosing cryptosporidiosis in a low-prevalence setting, and review the available literature on management of this condition in the organ transplant population. In a low-prevalence setting, the GIP can serve as a rapid screening tool in the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis.
Men without women: an analysis of the 2015 general elections in Nigeria
Authors: Akpan Nse Etim
Published: November 2018

Women do not often receive the support and mentoring they need to compete with their male counterparts in politics. Even voters do not fully appreciate the benefits of having a mix of men and women in government, often saying that women are over-ambitious when they aspire for any political position. As a result, there is currently a low representation of women at all levels of government in Nigeria. In the 2011 general election, female candidates fared poorly, with only 32 women elected to the national parliament out of 469 members, which is barely 8% representation. This paper examined the level of women participation in the 2015 general elections. Qualitatively driven with reliance on secondary sources of data; it argued that women’s political involvement in that election was very low in spite of decades of struggle for gender equity and women’s empowerment. The paper equally identified and discusses the issue of the patriarchal nature of the Nigerian society, lack of internal democracy, political violence among others as the challenges faced by women in their quest to participate in politics. The paper discussed the theoretical perspective of the discrimination and inequality suffered by women; and lastly suggested possible measures that could aid their political participation and empowerment.Keywords: Men, Women, Elections, Political Participation
Quarterdiurnal signature in sporadic E occurrence rates and
comparison with neutral wind shear
Authors: Jacobi Christoph , Arras Christina , Geißler Christoph , Lilienthal Friederike
Published: November 2018

Abstract. The GPS radio occultation (RO) technique is used to study sporadic E (ES) layer plasma irregularities of the Earth’s ionosphere on a global scale using GPS signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) profiles from the COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 satellite. The maximum deviation from the mean SNR can be attributed to the height of the ES layer. ES are generally accepted to be produced by ion convergence due to vertical wind shear in the presence of a horizontal component of the Earth magnetic field, while the wind shear is provided mainly by solar tides. Here we present analyses of quarterdiurnal (QDT) signatures in ES occurrence rates. We find from a local comparison with mesosphere/lower thermosphere wind shear obtained with a meteor radar at Collm (51:3°N, 13:0°E), that the phases of the QDT in ES agree well with those of negative wind shear for all seasons except for summer, when the QDT amplitudes are small. We also compare the global QDT ES signal with numerical model results. The global distribution of ES occurrence rates qualitatively agrees with the modeled zonal wind shears. The results indicate that zonal wind shear is indeed an important driving mechanism for the QDT seen in ES.
detasFLEX – A computational design tool for the analysis of various notch flexure hinges based on non-linear modeling
Authors: Henning Stefan , Linß Sebastian , Zentner Lena
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Notch flexure hinges are commonly used in compliant mechanisms for precision engineering applications and yet important rotational properties of a hinge like the bending stiffness, maximum angular deflection and rotational precision are difficult to predict accurately and simultaneously. There exist some closed-form equations and a few design tool approaches for calculating flexure hinges with particular geometries, but apart from that no comprehensive calculation program for the contour-specific analysis is known to the authors. Developed in MATLAB, this paper presents a novel computational design tool using a non-linear analytical approach for large deflections of rod-like structures to calculate the elasto-kinematic flexure hinge properties by numerically solving a system of differential equations. Building on previous investigations, four certain hinge contours are implemented, the circular, the corner-filleted, the elliptical, and the power function-based contour with different exponents. In addition to the theoretical approach and the implementation it is exemplarily shown, that finite elements method (FEM) results correlate well with the analytical design tool results. For a given deflection angle of 10° and a corner-filleted contour as an example, the deviations of the bending stiffness are between 0.1 % and 9.4 % for typical parameter values. The presented design tool can be beneficial for the accelerated and systematic synthesis of compliant mechanisms with optimized flexure hinges.
Reconstituição de eventos geomorfológicos no Quadrilátero Ferrífero/MG a partir de registros deposicionais fluviais: a bacia do rio Paraopeba
Authors: Barros Luiz Fernando de Paula , Magalhães Junior Antônio Pereira
Published: November 2018

O Quadrilátero Ferrífero é um marcante conjunto serrano do estado de Minas Gerais. Visando aprofundar a compreensão da geomorfologia regional, diversos levantamentos de níveis e sucessões deposicionais fluviais foram empreendidos na área nas últimas décadas, porém faltam estudos mais regionalizados. A partir de novos dados e da releitura em campo da literatura sobre o tema na área de estudo, este trabalho discute o quadro de níveis e sucessões deposicionais fluviais da bacia do Rio Paraopeba, na porção oeste do Quadrilátero Ferrífero. Os níveis deposicionais fluviais foram datados entre 8-45 ka por Luminescência Opticamente Estimulada (LOE), permitindo o estabelecimento de um primeiro conjunto de datações absolutas para a área. Em geral, os níveis são dos tipos escalonado e pareado e, portanto, configuram-se como importantes marcadores dos ritmos da tectônica quaternária na região, também responsável pelo alçamento tectônico pós-deposicional de alguns registros. As datações por LOE permitem a associação de diferentes níveis fluviais com oscilações climáticas. Porém, a despeito do verificado em outras bacias no contexto do Quadrilátero Ferrífero, não se verificam espessas couraças ferruginosas nas sucessões fluviais, provavelmente devido ao contexto geológico, com predomínio de rochas do embasamento cristalino (gnaisses, granitoides e migmatitos).
A Comparative Analysis of the Science Curricula Applied in Turkey Between 2000 and 2017
Authors: Orhan Ahmet Turan
Published: November 2018

This study aims to conduct a multidimensional analysis of the 2017 Science Curriculum taking the previous three curricula into account. The document analysis technique, which is a qualitative research method, was used. The Science curricula of 2000, 2005, 2013 and 2017 were analyzed in detail for this purpose. The 2017 Science Curriculum, which is one of the last four curricula, was described and interpreted by discussing its important qualities as well as the similarities and differences between this curriculum and the other curricula. In addition, it was found out that the Science curricula used between 2000 and 2017 were in line with the Ohio Competency-Based Science Model. The skills included in these four curricula, the contents used to have skills acquired, the materials used to equip students with the skills, and the conditions where the acquisitions are expected to be used are pointed out in this study taking into account the key elements included in the Competency-Based Science Model. We think that the findings of this study are important as they reveal the general points of view and consistency of the curricula rather than showing their superiorities or shortcomings in relation to each other.
LOADING UNITS IN AIR TRANSPORT
Authors: ZELKOWSKI Jarosław , KOŁODZIEJ Paola
Published: November 2018

Przedstawione opracowanie zawiera treści związane z transportem frachtu lotniczego. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie możliwości zwiększenia wykorzystania przestrzeni ładunkowej samolotów transportowych dzięki odpowiedniemu doborowi ULD (Unit Load Devices). W opracowaniu poszczególnych elementów rozważanego zagadnienia zostały zastosowane metody: dedukcji, analiza dokumentów, metody matematyczne oraz modelowanie opisowe. W części pierwszej artykułu została przedstawiona charakterystyka ULD, w części drugiej zaprezentowano wpływ doboru ULD na wykorzystanie przestrzeni ładunkowej samolotów transportowych.
A Novel Approach of Matching Mass-to-Charge Ratio for Compound Identification in Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Xie Chengyi , Yu Jiancheng , Huang Song , Gao Wenqing , Tang Keqi
Published: November 2018

Background: Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is one of the mostwidely used analytical techniques for analyzing chemical or biological samples in many fields. One of the most important approaches for the identification of compound in GC-MS is to compare an experimental mass spectrum with a compound recorded in a reference spectral library through a spectrum-matching algorithm. Objective: To develop a novel method to speed up compound identification. Method: In this study, a method based on m/z matching is proposed. Weselected the highest m/z values and m/z values corresponding to the largest peak intensities of a mass spectrum and stepwise modified the matching threshold (MTh) based on the principle of local optimum in the pre-search process. The performance of the approach is evaluated using the mass spectral library maintained by the National Institute of Standards and Technology asa reference library and repetitive mass spectra as query spectra. Results: Compared with two-step spectral library pre-search and “ten peaks,” the method based on m/z matching has higher accuracy, smaller number of remaining (missing) spectra, and shorter computational time. Conclusions: Therefore, the method can effectively speed up compound identification. Highlights: A method based on m/z matching is proposed. The accuracy is higher, the number of remaining spectra is less, and the computational time is shorter.
Understanding Organizational Narrative-Counter-narratives Dynamics:
Authors: Boje David , Lundholt Marianne Wolff
Published: November 2018

There is a rich tradition of studying narratives in the fields of communication and language at work. Our purpose is to review two approaches to narrative-counter-narrative dynamics. The first is ‘storytelling organization theory’ (SOT), which interplays western retrospective-narrative ways of knowing with more indigenous ways of knowing called ‘living stories’, ‘pre-narrative’ and ‘pre-story’, and the prospective-‘antenarrative’ practices. The second is the communication as constitutive of organization (CCO) approach to narrative-counter-narrative. Both SOT and CCO deconstruct dominant narratives about communication and language at work. Both theories revisit, challenge, and to some extent cultivate counter-narratives. SOT seeks to go beyond and beneath the narrative-counter-narrative ‘dialectic’ in an antenarrative approach. CCO pursues counter-narratives as a useful tool to make tensions within and between organizations and society, salient as they may contest or negotiate dominant narratives, which hinder the organization from benefitting from less powerful counter-narratives.
When the state of the art is ahead of the state of understanding: Unintuitive properties of deep neural networks
Authors: Serrà Joan
Published: November 2018

Deep learning is an undeniably hot topic, not only within both academia and industry, but also among society and the media. The reasons for the advent of its popularity are manifold: unprecedented availability of data and computing power, some innovative methodologies, minor but significant technical tricks, etc. However, interestingly, the current success and practice of deep learning seems to be uncorrelated with its theoretical, more formal understanding. And with that, deep learning’s state-of-the-art presents a number of unintuitive properties or situations. In this note, I highlight some of these unintuitive properties, trying to show relevant recent work, and expose the need to get insight into them, either by formal or more empirical means.
Robotics and automation for societal good: Global South challenges and technology-policy considerations
Authors: Madhavan Raj
Published: November 2018

Robotics and automation and artificial intelligence technologies hold immense potential in addressing many of the societal challenges as exemplified in the sustainable development goals of the 2030 agenda of the United Nations. They have the potential not only to increase the standard of living in developed countries, but to improve the quality of life in the so-called «Global South». This article discusses underlying challenges and technology-policy considerations when deploying emerging technologies in developing and developed economies. Various examples and implementations in collaboration with humanitarians, researchers and developers, and professional organizations across the globe are outlined.
The human-computer connection: An overview of brain-computer interfaces
Authors: Millán José del R.
Published: November 2018

This article introduces the field of brain-computer interfaces (BCI), which allows the control of devices without the generation of any active motor output but directly from the decoding of the user’s brain signals. Here we review the current state of the art in the BCI field, discussing the main components of such an interface and illustrating ongoing research questions and prototypes for controlling a large variety of devices, from virtual keyboards for communication to robotics systems to replace lost motor functions and even clinical interventions for motor rehabilitation after a stroke. The article concludes with some insights into the future of BCI.
Proteolytically released Lasso/teneurin-2 induces axonal attraction by interacting with latrophilin-1 on axonal growth cones
Authors: Vysokov Nickolai V , Silva John-Paul , Lelianova Vera G , Suckling Jason , Cassidy John , Blackburn Jennifer K , Yankova Natalia , Djamgoz Mustafa BA , Kozlov Serguei V , Tonevitsky Alexander G , Ushkaryov Yuri A
Published: November 2018

A presynaptic adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor, latrophilin-1, and a postsynaptic transmembrane protein, Lasso/teneurin-2, are implicated in trans-synaptic interaction that contributes to synapse formation. Surprisingly, during neuronal development, a substantial proportion of Lasso is released into the intercellular space by regulated proteolysis, potentially precluding its function in synaptogenesis. We found that released Lasso binds to cell-surface latrophilin-1 on axonal growth cones. Using microfluidic devices to create stable gradients of soluble Lasso, we show that it induces axonal attraction, without increasing neurite outgrowth. Using latrophilin-1 knockout in mice, we demonstrate that latrophilin-1 is required for this effect. After binding latrophilin-1, Lasso causes downstream signaling, which leads to an increase in cytosolic calcium and enhanced exocytosis, processes that are known to mediate growth cone steering. These findings reveal a novel mechanism of axonal pathfinding, whereby latrophilin-1 and Lasso mediate both short-range interaction that supports synaptogenesis, and long-range signaling that induces axonal attraction.
Selective agonist of TRPML2 reveals direct role in chemokine release from innate immune cells
Authors: Plesch Eva , Chen Cheng-Chang , Butz Elisabeth , Scotto Rosato Anna , Krogsaeter Einar K , Yinan Hua , Bartel Karin , Keller Marco , Robaa Dina , Teupser Daniel , Holdt Lesca M , Vollmar Angelika M , Sippl Wolfgang , Puertollano Rosa , Medina Diego , Biel Martin , Wahl-Schott Christian , Bracher Franz , Grimm Christian
Published: November 2018

Cytokines and chemokines are produced and secreted by a broad range of immune cells including macrophages. Remarkably, little is known about how these inflammatory mediators are released from the various immune cells. Here, the endolysosomal cation channel TRPML2 is shown to play a direct role in chemokine trafficking and secretion from murine macrophages. To demonstrate acute and direct involvement of TRPML2 in these processes, the first isoform-selective TRPML2 channel agonist was generated, ML2-SA1. ML2-SA1 was not only found to directly stimulate release of the chemokine CCL2 from macrophages but also to stimulate macrophage migration, thus mimicking CCL2 function. Endogenous TRPML2 is expressed in early/recycling endosomes as demonstrated by endolysosomal patch-clamp experimentation and ML2-SA1 promotes trafficking through early/recycling endosomes, suggesting CCL2 being transported and secreted via this pathway. These data provide a direct link between TRPML2 activation, CCL2 release and stimulation of macrophage migration in the innate immune response.
OpenUP Measuring Research Impact: Concepts, Methods, Limitations and Solutions
Authors: Walker Mappet , Oeben Stephanie , Walker Richard
Published: November 2018

Watch the VIDEO.The immediate Return on Investment (ROI) for basic scientific research is scientific impact – improvements in knowledge of our physical, biological and social world. The Return on Investment (ROI) for applied research and the long-term Return on Investment for basic research is societal impact (i.e. impact on health, environment, the economy, etc.). However, many of these impacts are hard to measure and may only be apparent decades after the original investment. This creates demand from funders and policy makers for metrics that predict impacts before they can be measured. Here we define a preliminary conceptual framework describing the chain of events leading from the outputs of basic research  (publications, data, software, cell lines, equipment, methodologies, theories etc.) to the outputs of applied research (products, treatments, technology components etc.) to societal, financial, health and environmental impact. We go on to discuss how these impacts are currently measured in the short term (days and weeks), the medium term (years) and the long term (decades), and to identify the main providers of impact metrics. We highlight the different ways in which research metrics are used by different categories of user (researchers, institutions, national and European policymakers). Finally, we discuss the limitations of current metrics and possible solutions.
Testing Open Peer Review for Conferences
Authors: Zendel Oliver , Schörghuber Matthias , Vignoli Michela
Published: November 2018

Watch the VIDEO.Peer review is a crucial quality assurance step in the scientific method. Traditional single/double-blinded reviewing can result in bias, does not scale well, and offers little incentives for reviewers to do this important work.Open peer review (OPR) challenges multiple aspects of this traditional method: (i) open identity (author/reviewer identities are known), (ii) open participation (involve larger communities in the process), (iii) open pre-review (early versions are published before reviewing), (iv) open report (review itself is published), (v) and open final-version comments (public forum for discussions after the publication).During the H2020 project OpenUP, we conducted a pilot study applying OPR to conference settings. Two separate venues were used to test various OPR ideas, their acceptance within the community and their practicability: the 2nd European Machine Vision Forum (EMVA) 2017 and the eHealth2018 Best Master Student Paper Contest.For EMVA, we tested the novel approaches to include open identity, open participation, open report, and open final-version comments. For eHealth2018, different variations for open identity, open participation, and open report were evaluated.The submission, review, and decision process is handled by a dedicated conference management software (CMS). The proposed OPR workflow could not be handled by existing CMS out-of-the-box. Thus, we created a fork of the popular CMS HotCRP and added support for all experimental OPR workflows needed during the pilot.All pilots were conducted successfully. Feedback was collected by conducting interviews directly at the conference venues and by collecting survey questionnaires. Overall, the feedback for all tested OPR concepts was positive. The open identity aspects resulted in more transparency but some participants feared that this also skewed the reviews to be artificially positive (to prevent repercussions). The open participation aspects were very well received. These concepts may allow for better scaling of peer reviews as we experience strong growth in attendance at many conferences while the number of expert reviewers is not increasing at the same scale. Open report and open final-version comments were seen as positive but their actual usage was very limited.Our modified CMS software has been released as open source code and is available to the public for future use to foster OPR at conference setups.
Vega: An academic publishing system for the 21st century
Authors: Ball Cheryl E.
Published: November 2018

Watch the VIDEO.Vega is a new, open-source academic publishing system, built as a collaboration between US-based library publishers and an Oslo-based design studio, Sanity (nee Bengler). Vega was built with a $1m Andrew W. Mellon Foundation grant to fill a need in academic publishing for open-source, easy-to-use editorial management system that could highlight the publication of multimedia artifacts in a born-digital publishing workflow. Vega facilitates authoring, editing, and publishing academic content as reusable structured data and facilitates innovation in indexing and presentation of this content. This short presentation will focus on the design goals underpinning Vega, specifically the goal of providing an intuitive, scholar-friendly way of editing academic documents as semantically clear, structured data while also featuring the inclusion of multimedia assets as part of the scholarly record.The Vega publishing platform incorporates collaborative digital authoring and editing platforms and a fully customizable front end for a branded reader experience. Vega is built on an open source data store and includes strong, yet flexible, editorial workflows that train editors in digital publishing best practices, especially with multimedia. For instance, the editorial dashboard features peer review options for different tracks/sections in publications, including the traditional double anonymous review process as well as collaborative reviews and fully open peer reviews, depending on each venue's and each text's needs. The UX in Vega also allows editors to see what's going on in their venues at a glance -- through a visualization that tracks each text in each stage of the editorial and production process and allows for editors to engage directly with that text with a double click regardless of where it is in the process.This presentation will highlight how Vega facilitates multiple workflows for multimodal publications (i.e. pdf, website, data, interactive experience), and how it facilitates archivability and indexability. Vega will change the scholarly communications landscape and is now available for use through free download or hosting options.
The Psychological Science Accelerator: Advancing Psychology through a Distributed Collaborative Network
Authors: Pfuhl Gerit
Published: November 2018

Concerns have been growing about the veracity of psychological findings. Many findings in psychological science are based on studies with insufficient statistical power and non-representative samples, or may otherwise be limited to specific, ungeneralizable settings or populations. Large-scale collaboration, in which one or more research projects are conducted across multiple lab sites, offers a pragmatic solution to these and other current methodological challenges. The Psychological Science Accelerator (PSA) is a distributed network of laboratories designed to enable and support crowdsourced research projects. The PSA’s mission is to accelerate the accumulation of reliable and generalizable evidence in psychological science. Here, we describe the background, structure, principles, procedures, benefits, and challenges of the PSA. In contrast to other crowdsourced research networks, the PSA is ongoing (as opposed to time-limited), efficient (in terms of re-using structures and principles for different projects), decentralized, diverse (in terms of participants and researchers), and inclusive (of proposals, contributions, and other relevant input from anyone inside or outside of the network). The PSA and other approaches to crowdsourced psychological science will advance our understanding of mental processes and behaviors by enabling rigorous research and systematically examining its generalizability.
OPERAS: bringing the long tail of Social Sciences and Humanities into Open Science
Authors: Giglia Elena
Published: November 2018

Watch the VIDEO.The talk will present OPERAS, a comprehensive infrastructure aimed at providing a pan-European infrastructure to rethink and reshape publishing, discovery and dissemination addressing the specificity and the critical issues of Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH).OPERAS' aim is to meet the specific needs of SSH scholars in an open environment, taking care of all the steps of the scholarly communication cycle.OPERAS' unique approach is to unite researchers, libraries and publishers in a common effort, in order to take back control over scholarly communication. Not merging nor replacing, but nurturing existing realities, OPERAS provides innovative services to bring SSH into Open Science.OPERAS is designed to elaborate effective and scalable long-term strategies for the future development of the digital infrastructure and community building needed to innovate scholarly communication in the SSH. OPERAS' pervading idea of science as communication holds an immense potential for an inspiring model of Open Science with direct societal impact, based on continuous communication.