bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Intramuscular Alfaxalone/Acepromazine on Echocardiographic, Biochemical, and Blood Gas Measurements in Healthy Cats
Authors: Kim Boeun , Jang Min , Sohn Jungmin , Oh Hyunjung , Jo Sangmin , Choi Mincheol , Lee Inhyung , Yoon Junghee
Published: January 2019

The effects of intramuscular injection of alfaxalone ([ALF] 5 mg/kg), acepromazine ([ACE] 0.05 mg/kg), and an ALF-ACE combination ([AA] 0.025 mg/kg ACE followed by 2.5 mg/kg ALF) on the sedation, echocardiographic, biochemical, and blood gas indexes and recovery were evaluated in seven cats. No sedation was obtained with ACE, and sedation scores were higher with ALF than with AA treatment. Compared with baseline, an increase in heart rate occurred after ACE, and all treatments caused a decrease in systemic arterial pressure. Decreased left ventricular internal dimension in diastole, end-diastolic volume of the left ventricle, stroke volume, and left atrial dimension were identified after AA. There were minimal changes in echocardiographic variables after ALF. Biochemical and blood gas analysis showed no significant changes after all treatments. Although the difference in quality of recovery between the AA and ALF treatment groups was insignificant, all cats treated with AA or ALF showed ataxia. The AA combination did not change the recovery score, and tremor and twitching were identified more frequently with AA than ALF. ALF had no significant effects on echocardiographic, biochemical, or blood gas variables. ALF could be considered a useful sedative option for diagnostic procedures and echocardiography in cats.
Suspected Compartment Syndrome, Consumptive Thrombocytopenia, and Anemia Secondary to a Ruptured Arterial Aneurysm or Pseudoaneurysm Following Multiple Stifle Surgeries
Authors: Levenson Michael , Calabro Janine M. , Crawford Jason R. , Hart Samantha K.
Published: January 2019

A 12 yr old male neutered beagle was presented on transfer to the intensive care unit with severe anemia, thrombocytopenia, and bruising detected 1 day after undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy surgery. The patient had undergone extra-capsular stifle stabilization surgery 14 wk prior to treat ligament disease in the same knee. Laboratory testing and treatment for anemia, presumptive immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, and possible hemostatic disorder was initiated. A persistent anemia, progressive thrombocytopenia, and the development of a firm swelling and neurologic impairment in the limb raised concerns for compartment syndrome (CS). A musculoskeletal ultrasound revealed a large aneurysm in the caudal thigh surrounded by abnormal muscle tissue. The patient underwent amputation of the limb and recovered without further complication. Pathology findings were consistent with the development of femoral CS secondary to a ruptured peripheral arterial aneurysm or a pseudoaneurysm. A consumptive thrombocytopenia and regenerative anemia were attributed to periodic or progressive thrombosis of the vessel and regional hemorrhage. Postoperative CS can develop in combination with peripheral arterial aneurysm or pseudoaneurysm, and screening for vascular abnormalities as well as CS should be considered in complicated recovery from orthopedic surgery with compatible clinical signs including progressive soft tissue swelling, persistent anemia, and thrombocytopenia.
Effect of Targeted Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy on Canine Postoperative Hemilaminectomy: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Alvarez Leilani X. , McCue John , Lam Nathaniel K. , Askin Gulce , Fox Philip R.
Published: January 2019

Intervertebral disc disease is one of the leading causes of paralysis in dogs. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy has been advocated for improving wound healing and pain reduction; however, robust clinical trials are lacking. The present prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated targeted PEMF therapy administered to 53 client-owned dogs who underwent hemilaminectomy for naturally occurring disk extrusion intervertebral disc disease. The dogs were randomized to receive either targeted PEMF (n = 27) or placebo treatment (n = 28). Wound healing, evaluated by visual analog score and wound evaluation scale, was significantly improved at 6 wk postoperatively in the treatment compared with the control group (P = .010 and .023, respectively). Pain medications were administered less frequently in dogs receiving PEMF treatment during the 7 day postoperative period compared with the control treatment group (P = .010) with codeine administered 1.8 times more frequently in the control group. No untoward effects were recorded in either treatment group. More frequent evaluation of outcome measures with larger patient numbers, as well as histologic samples, may be useful in future studies. Dogs receiving PEMF therapy following postoperative hemilaminectomy demonstrated improved wound scores at 6 wk and reduced mean number of owner-administered pain medications compared with the control group therapy.
Constrictive Bronchiolitis Obliterans in a Dog
Authors: Wylie Stacey Lynn , Langlois Daniel , Carey Stephan , Nelson Nathan C. , Williams Kurt J.
Published: January 2019

A 2 yr old, neutered male rottweiler was evaluated for a chronic cough that had acutely worsened. Computed tomographic examination revealed a diffuse alveolar pattern in the right, middle, and left cranial lung lobes. Aerated parenchymal tissue was not observed in the left cranial lung lobe, and both lobes were markedly decreased in volume. Lobectomy of the right middle and left cranial lung lobes was performed. Histopathologic examination of both lungs identified alveolar collapse associated with marked chronic bronchial and bronchiolar luminal concentric fibrosis leading to reduced airway lumen diameter and bronchiolar destruction. The clinical signs and airway pathology were consistent with constrictive bronchiolitis obliterans. The dog remained stable for over 2 yr with glucocorticoid therapy and intermittent antimicrobics. Although the polypoid form of bronchiolitis obliterans has been described in cattle and occasionally in dogs, constrictive bronchiolitis obliterans has not been reported previously in veterinary species.
Sequential Treatment of a Large Pituitary Corticotroph Neoplasm and Associated Neurological Signs in a Dog
Authors: Del Magno Sara , Fracassi Federico , Grinwis Guy C.M. , Mandrioli Luciana , Gandini Gualtiero , Rossi Federica , Sirri Rubina , Pisoni Luciano , Tryfonidou Marianna A. , Meij Björn P.
Published: January 2019

No standardized treatment guidelines are reported in veterinary medicine for dogs with large pituitary corticotroph neoplasms causing neurological signs, and such dogs usually have a short overall survival. When these dogs undergo pituitary surgery and the tumor regrows there are few reports of subsequent treatments.

A 7 yr old male Maltese diagnosed with pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism developed seizures in conjunction with a large pituitary corticotroph adenoma and underwent transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. After 3 yr of clinical remission, hypercortisolism recurred, and trilostane therapy was initiated. One year later, the dog developed new neurological signs and computed tomography revealed regrowth of a large pituitary mass that was then treated with radiation therapy. The dog lived disease-free for 3 more yr. At postmortem examination, a more aggressive pituitary neoplasm than the one examined at the time of surgery was found, which is suggestive of malignant transformation into a carcinoma despite the absence of convincing metastasis.
Alcohol Consumption Patterns: A Gender Comparative Study Among High School Youth in South Africa
Authors: Mafa Prudence , Makhubele Jabulani Calvin , Ananias Janetta Agnes , Chilwalo Beatrice Namoonga , Matlakala Frans Koketso , Rapholo Selelo Frank , Svinurai Anesu , Hasheela Miriam Winnie , Hamuse Tiberia Ndanyakuwa Ilonga , Freeman Rachel Johanna
Published: January 2019

AIM: The aim of this study was to examine the alcohol drinking patterns among young male and female alcohol drinkers.

METHOD: Data were collected though a questionnaire from 71 grade 11 learners who expressed that they had had an alcoholic drink in the preceding month. 62% of the respondents were male and the remaining 38% was represented by female learners. The data collected was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS).

RESULTS: This study showed that young people begin using alcohol at a relatively young age. Furthermore, male drinkers have an earlier alcohol debut than their female counterparts. Beer, cider and wine were the most consumed beverages, with males more inclined to drink beer and females gravitating towards drinking wine. There was an even split between ciders in the study, with the majority of both male and female respondents indicating that their drink of choice was cider. Weekends are the most opportune moments for the youth to consume alcohol. Holidays are also earmarked by the youth to engage in alcohol consumption.

CONCLUSION: The results show that the age of alcohol debut is as low as 8 years for males and 10 years for females. Males have a higher prevalence of alcohol use than females. There is however no difference in binge drinking between the two gender as binge drinking and drinking to get drunk are the preferred methods of alcohol consumption for both genders.
The Impact of Using Analytical Procedures on Reducing the Cost of Tax Audit "The Jordanian Income and Sales Tax Department"
Authors: Mansour Israa , Kalib Mutasem
Published: January 2019

The study aimed to exam the impact of using the analytical procedures on reducing the cost of a tax audit in the Jordanian Income and Sales Tax Department. To achieve the aim of the study, the analytical descriptive approach has been used and a questionnaire has been designed and given out to the study sample, which represented from the auditors of Directorate of senior taxpayers and directorates of medial taxpayers in the income tax department and sales who work in these directorates. The appropriate statistical methods have been used to find results.

The findings showed that using the analytical procedures led to reducing the cost of a tax audit in all auditing stages. The stage, which has the most impact of using the analytical procedures on reducing the cost, is the final auditing stage followed by the planning stage and the implementation (fieldwork) stage.

The study recommended the necessity of compulsion of the auditors in tax department to use the analytical procedures because it reduces the cost of tax auditing and the necessity of holding workshops and training programs to define the importance of analytical procedures in tax auditing.
Turkish Adaptation of Caring Climate Scale and Reviewing Psychometry Properties: Validation and Reliability Study
Authors: Cetinkaya Turan , Mutluer Ceren
Published: January 2019

The research objective in this study is to make adaptation of Caring Climate Scale (CCS) that is developed by Newton et al. (in 2007) to Turkish and examine its psychometric properties. The scale comprises of one-dimension and 13 items. 468 students who have been studying and doing physical exercise as certified athletes in the following Schools of Physical Education and Sports of Ahi Evran University, Marmara University, Akdeniz University, Selcuk University and Ege University constitute the research group of the study. Internal consistency, factor analysis of substance, test-retest and criterion-related validity studies applied for determining the psychometric properties of scale. The Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient value of the scale was determined as 0.801 for total point. The obtained data from the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis has corroborative features for the single-factor structure of scale. Besides, the scale provided high-test–test-retest scores in analyses conducted. In this context, it is evaluated that the scale is a valid and reliable measuring instrument for Turkish sample group.
Examination of Body Areas Satisfaction Levels and Gender Roles of Female Wrestlers
Authors: Dündar Aykut , Koç Mine
Published: January 2019

The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the Body Areas Satisfaction Levels and Gender Roles of female wrestlers. The sample of the study is constituted by 39 female wrestlers in Turkey Olympic Preparation Center in Edirne in 2017. As the data collection tool in the research; to determine the Body Areas Satisfaction Levels “Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Scale”, to determine the gender roles “BEM Gender Role Inventory” was used. In the evaluation of the data obtained, SPSS 20.0 statistics program was used. In the analysis of data, descriptive statistics; in paired comparisons, t-test; and in multiple comparisons, ANOVA test was used. As a result of statistical analysis made, it was observed that, of the female wrestlers; 15.4% had masculine, 35.9% had feminine, 17.9% had androgynous and 30.8% had unclear gender role behaviours. Significant differences were found between the score of femininity characteristics and score of masculinity characteristics and score of social acceptability characteristics (p<0.05). According to body mass index (BMI), regarding the clauses on satisfaction with body areas, there is significant difference; between the normal weight and the over weight as per the clause “I am satisfied with my lower body”; between the overweight and the thin and the normal weight as per the clause “I am satisfied with my central body”; between the weak athletes and normal weight athletes as per the clause “I am satisfied with muscle structure”; between the normal weight and over weight athletes as per the clause “I am satisfied with my weight” (P<0.05). There was no significant difference according to BMI variable in the clauses “I’m satisfied with my face”, “I’m satisfied with my hair”, “I’m satisfied with my upper body”, “I’m satisfied with my height” and “I’m satisfied with my overall appearance”.
An Analysis of the Surface Geometric Structure and Geometric Accuracy of Cylindrical Gear Teeth Manufactured with the Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) Method
Authors: Pisula Jadwiga Małgorzata , Budzik Grzegorz , Przeszłowski Łukasz
Published: January 2019

This paper presents findings concerning the accuracy of the geometry of cylindrical spur gear teeth manufactured with the direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) method. In addition, the results of the evaluation of the tooth surface geometric structure are presented in the form of selected two-dimensional and three-dimensional surface roughness parameters. An analysis of the accuracy of the fabricated gear teeth was performed after gear sand-blasting and gear tooth milling processes. Surface roughness was measured before and after sand-blasting and gear tooth milling. The test gear wheel was manufactured from GP1 high-chromium stainless steel on an EOS M270 machine.
Nadeelcompensatie onder de Omgevingswet: hoe een stelselherziening in het omgevingsrecht leidt tot een systeemwijziging van het nadeelcompensatierecht
Authors: van den Broek G.M. (Berthy)
Published: January 2019

Nadeelcompensatie onder de Omgevingswet: hoe een stelselherziening in het omgevingsrecht leidt tot een systeemwijziging van het nadeelcompensatierecht

De stelselherziening in het omgevingsrecht heeft consequenties voor de vormgeving van de nadeelcompensatieregeling in de Omgevingswet (Ow). Bij het opstellen van de nadeelcompensatieregeling in de Ow zijn door de minister drie fundamentele keuzes gemaakt, die afwijken van de keuzes die de Awb-wetgever in 2013 heeft gemaakt. De eerste keuze is dat art. 15.1 Ow een wettelijke, limitatieve lijst van schadeoorzaken bevat, waarop uitsluitend besluiten zijn vermeld die rechtstreeks bindend zijn voor burgers. Een tweede keuze is dat bij ‘indirecte schade’ de peildatum voor de schadevergoeding wordt verschoven van het omgevingsplan naar de verlening van de omgevingsvergunning of de start van de vergunningsvrije activiteit. Een derde keuze is dat in art. 15.5 t/m 15.7 Ow materiële bepalingen zijn opgenomen die afwijken van de in de jurisprudentie ontwikkelde criteria. Naar aanleiding van de consultatiereactie en het advies van de Raad van State worden deze keuzes in dit artikel nader besproken.
„Textilkeramik“ – Textileindrücke auf bronzezeitlicher Keramik vom Fundplatz Bruszczewo
Authors: Schaefer-Di Maida Stefanie
Published: January 2019

The article presents results of a study of “textile ceramics” – impressions of textiles on walls of ceramic vessels – from the Early Bronze Age fortified settlement of Bruszczewo (Greater Poland). On the basis of silicone impressions, an analysis of spinning and twisting directions, as well as textile density, structures, and techniques can be conducted along with their differentiation into twists, threads, non-woven fabrics, tabby weaves, and sprang. The position of impressions on the surfaces of the vessels, as well as a discussion concerning practical, ornamental, and symbolic meaning behind the impressions, allow for formulating interpretations in terms of functions and use of “textile ceramics”. A close examination of the “textile ceramics” from Bruszczewo against the broader context of the Northern and Central European material indicates that production of ceramics in prehistory was predominantly performed with secondarily used damaged textiles.
DIRECTIONS AND CAUSES OF CHANGES IN THE COMMAND SYSTEM AND ORGANIZATION OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND
Authors: Kamiński Wiesław
Published: January 2019

The article presents the directions and causes of changes in the command system and organization of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland. It presents issues related to the changes that took place in the Polish Armed Forces after 1989 resulting from changes in the international security environment and resulting from Polish accession to the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
“ISLAMIC STATE” AS A NEW FORM OF INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM
Authors: Kocoń Sławomir
Published: January 2019

The purpose of the following article is to provide details regarding the foundation, expansion, ideology, strategy and mindset of the Islamic State. The article examines the current situation in Syria, a failed state, and Iraq. Furthermore, the complex geopolitical situation of the entire Middle East region, as well as, significant problems which ISIS poses worldwide have been discussed thoroughly. Finally, new areas of operation, possible threats, but also the whole new operational framework contemporary terrorist organizations or their affiliates may use, have been taken into consideration.
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION’S ACTIVITY FOR SECURITY AND BUILDING PEACE IN KOSOVO
Authors: Leszkiewicz Magdalena
Published: January 2019

The ethnic conflict between the Serbs and the Albanians in Kosovo led to the outbreak of armed conflict accompanied by violence and acts of genocide. It forced international organizations to take decisive action to end the conflict, as well as start a process of building peace and stabilize the situation in the region. NATO, the UN, the OSCE and the EU played a major role in these activities. The author of the article has analyzed the role of these organizations in efforts to restore peace and stabilize the political situation in the region undertaken as part of Operation Allied Force, KFOR and the United Nations Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK).
SCOPE AND NATURE OF CHANGES IN PERSONAL
DATA PROTECTION SYSTEMS OF PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS
IN THE LIGHT OF THE PROVISIONS OF THE GDPR (GENERAL
DATA PROTECTION REGULATION)
Authors: Mazur Marek
Published: January 2019

The EU GDPR Regulation introduced rules and regulations on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of their personal data regardless of their citizenship or place of residence. The article focuses on issues related directly to the regulation on the protection of personal data and related to documents that regulate the protection of personal data and their processing in public institutions in Poland. The author presents basic estimates about the entry of the GDPR Regulation, indicates the importance of individual Dobies/organisations and entities playing a key role in the protection of personal data on the territory of Poland. It describes the documents that establish minimum standards for personal data protection systems to be developed in public institutions to guarantee security. In this article, the author attempted to indicate the scope and nature of changes in personal data systems in the light of the provisions of the GDPR Regulation.
Å tenke sammen om leseundervising. Utvikling av en intervensjon for læreres læring
Authors: Fjørtoft Henning
Published: January 2019

Leseundervisning i skolen har tradisjonelt vært gjenstand for stor interesse og stadige reformforsøk. I norsk sammenheng har skolepolitiske satsninger på lesing ofte fulgt den såkalte kaskademodellen, der kunnskap skal «fylles på» og «spres» i skolesystemet. Selv om kaskademodellen er kostnadseffektiv og kan nå mange lærere på kort tid, har den også blitt kritisert for å være mangelfull. De siste årene har derfor norske skolemyndigheter tatt i bruk en skolebasert tilnærming til reform av leseundervisningen. Imidlertid fins det få tilgjengelig verktøy som kan støtte læreres tenkning og beslutninger i slike reformprosesser. Denne artikkelen anlegger en design-basert tilnærming og beskriver utviklingen av en intervensjon for å støtte læreres tenkning om leseundervisning i åtte grunnskoler som har deltatt i skolebaserte leseprosjekter. Artikkelen viser hvordan intervensjonen pedagogisk loppemarked kan støtte lærerne i å ta beslutninger om problematiske aspekter og utvikle kollektiv kunnskap lokalt. I overgangen fra en kunnskapsformidlende «påfyll-og-spredning»-modell til utviklingen av lokal kunnskap gjennom skolebaserte prosesser kan en slik intervensjon bidra til sterkere sammenheng i leseundervisningen og identifisering av eksisterende praksiser med uønsket virkning.Nøkkelord: leseundervisning, intervensjon, design-basert forskning, sosiokognitiv, skoleutviklingThinking together about teaching. Developing an intervention for teacher learningAbstractSchool reading instruction has traditionally been the subject of great interest and continuous reforms. In the Norwegian context, such reforms have often used a cascade model approach, with knowledge being introduced into and then dispersed throughout the school system. Although this model is cost-effective and can reach many teachers over a short period of time, it has been criticized. In recent years, Norwegian educational authorities have therefore adopted a school-based strategy for reading instruction reform. However, there are few available tools to support teacher thinking and decision-making in such reforms. Using a design-based approach, this article describes the development of an intervention supporting teachers’ learning about reading instruction in eight lower secondary schools participating in school-based reading projects. The article shows how an educational garage sale types of intervention can support teacher decision-making in problematic areas and contribute to the development of shared local knowledge. As policies shift from cascade model approaches to the development of local knowledge through school-based projects, this intervention may improve coherence in reading instruction and contribute to the identification of existing practices that have undesirable effects.Keywords: reading instruction, intervention, design-based research, sociocognitive, professional development
The Incompatibility of Games and Artworks
Authors: Rough Brock
Published: January 2019

Recent debate has focused on whether videogames are art. Whatever the answer, the debate has largely taken it for granted that videogames are games, and that this is unproblematic for the art status of videogames. This paper argues that something being a game is incompatible with it also being an artwork, and thus insofar as videogames are games, they cannot be artworks. This incompatibility arises out of the different attitudes that are prescribed for engaging with games versus those for engaging with artworks. Citing a modified definition of games from Bernard Suits and commonly held conditions of artworks, I show that for an artist to intend something as a game or an artwork is to intend essential constitutive conditions of the object that preclude the object from being both a game and an artwork. This requires a reconsideration of several contemporary theories about games and art while also providing an analysis of games that calls for them to be appreciated as what they are without distracting miscategorization.
The Role of the Player in Video-Game Fictions
Authors: Suduiko Aaron Graham
Published: January 2019

What is the relationship between the player and the avatar of a video game? In this article, I aim to show that Jon Robson and Aaron Meskin’s apparently promising, Waltonian analysis of that relationship—namely, that it consists in the player imagining herself as the avatar—fails to accommodate and explain four central data about video-game storytelling that any such analysis ought to accommodate and explain. These data are, briefly: (1) Many of an avatar’s actions are inexplicable if we appeal only to the avatar’s beliefs, desires, and knowledge. (2) Video games may have many different kinds and numbers of avatars. (3) Video-game narratives often proceed by the player exploring multiple disjunctive, mutually exclusive possibilities. (4) Video-game narratives sometimes centrally depend on epistemic differences between the player and avatar.After evaluating Robson and Meskin’s view, I offer my own positive analysis of player interactivity that provides a motivated and unified explanation of these four data: the player of a video game plays the role of a metaphysically foundational fictional entity that actualizes possible fictional events. I call this entity ‘the fictional player’.Keywords: avatars, narrative, video games, storytelling, fiction, narrative explanation, ontology, fictional grounding, art, aesthetics, possible worlds, Walton.
A Reply to Rough
Authors: Myers David
Published: January 2019

This discussion note is a response to Brock Rough’s “The Incompatibility of Games and Artworks”.  (Rough, 2017) http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/jpg.2736
Prevalência de absenteísmo em consultas médicas em unidade básica de saúde do sul do Brasil
Authors: Silveira Gabriela Silva da , Ferreira Pedro Rotta de , Silveira Denise Silva da , Siqueira Fernando Carlos Vinholes
Published: January 2019

Introdução: O absenteísmo às consultas médicas previamente marcadas é um problema que interfere com a efetividade dos serviços de saúde. Neste contexto, a reorganização da agenda dos profissionais é central no sentido de garantir o acolhimento e a continuidade do cuidado. Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência de absenteísmo a partir da agenda de atendimento médico de um serviço de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) de ensino de graduação e pós-graduação do município de Pelotas, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com a totalidade dos agendamentos de um mês de atendimento de cada estação do ano, entre julho de 2016 e abril de 2017. Os dados foram coletados da agenda física local, digitados e analisados em planilha Excel®. Resultados: De 3.131 consultas médicas agendadas, foram computadas 598 faltas, resultando em uma prevalência de absenteísmo de 19,2% (IC95% 17,7-20,8). Dos 153 turnos de atendimento, em apenas 2% não ocorreram ausências e, entre os demais, a prevalência variou de 4,2% a 45%. Na distribuição do absenteísmo entre os sete grupos de consultas pesquisados destacaram-se os 62,3% de absenteísmo para os atendimentos de clínica geral e os 12,2% para a realização de exame citopatológico de colo uterino. Conclusão: Os resultados mostram uma elevada prevalência de absenteísmo, especialmente nas consultas de clínica médica, o que pode acarretar problemas tanto para a continuidade do cuidado, especialmente aos usuários da clínica geral, quanto para o ensino médico na APS. Este achado é superior ao encontrado por Tristão et al. em um estudo brasileiro em serviços de saúde ambulatoriais, e inferior ao resultado descrito por Izecksohn e Ferreira em um Centro de Saúde Escola. Os autores sugerem a necessidade de mudanças organizacionais na oferta de consultas objetivando ampliar o acesso e facilitar a adesão às consultas agendadas, de forma a garantir a longitudinalidade do cuidado.
Agradecimento aos Revisores da Revista Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade (RBMFC) que avaliaram manuscritos em 2018
Authors: Sarti Thiago Dias , Fontenelle Leonardo Ferreira
Published: January 2019

A Revista Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade (RBMFC) agradece aos Avaliadores listados abaixo que atuaram como revisores ad hoc durante o ano de 2018, dedicando horas voluntariamente para a emissão de pareceres técnicos sobre manuscritos submetidos a esta revista.
Health Benefits of Culinary Herbs and Spices
Authors: Jiang T Alan
Published: January 2019

Spices and herbs have been in use for centuries both for culinary and medicinal purposes. Spices not only enhance the flavor, aroma, and color of foodand beverages, but they can also protect from acuteand chronic diseases. More Americans are considering the use of spices and herbs for medicinal and therapeutic/remedy use, especially for various chronicconditions. There is now ample evidence that spicesand herbs possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumorigenic, anticarcinogenic, and glucose- and cholesterol-lowering activities as well as properties that affect cognition and mood. Research over the past decade has reported on the diverse range of health properties that they possess via their bioactive constituents, including sulfur-containing compounds, tannins, alkaloids, phenolic diterpenes, andvitamins, especially flavonoids and polyphenols. Spices and herbs such as clove, rosemary, sage, oregano, and cinnamon are excellent sources of antioxidants with their high content of phenolic compounds. It is evident that frequent consumption of spicy foods was also linked to a lower risk of death from cancer and ischemic heart and respiratory system diseases. However, the actual role of spicesand herbs in the maintenance of health, specifically with regards to protecting against the development of chronic, noncommunicable diseases, is currently unclear.This review highlights potential health benefits ofcommonly used spices and herbs such as chili pepper, cinnamon, ginger, blackpepper, turmeric, fenugreek, rosemary, and garlic.
Analysis of water quality in the watershed Brazilian semiarid
Authors: Silva Viviane Farias , Pessoa Dihego Souza , Lima Thalis Leandro Bezerra , Cosme Ana Maria Ferreira , Lima Vera Lucia Antunes
Published: January 2019

Water is a renewable natural resource, important for maintenance of life on the entire planet. Even with this significance is a feature that has been degraded and reduced the quality to use. In the Brazilian semi-arid region water scarcity by influencing the quality of life of the population, directly affecting the socio-economic and development means. In this context, the present research was conducted aiming to evaluate the water quality in the watershed Brazilian semiarid. The survey was conducted in three watersheds (Capibaribe river, Ipojuca river and Igarassu river) in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil.  Water Quality Index (WQI) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) annual averages of the year 2006 to 2015.  In Capibaribe river watershed the largest concentrations of BOD occurred in 213, 2014 and 2015, with average was 4.95 mg/L. By increasing the BOD value there is a reduction of WQI. The Igarassu river, it was verified that from 2006 to 2014 the hydrographic basin has water quality classified as good. The BOD in the waters of the Ipojuca river has little influence on the water quality index.There is a degradation on the quality of water of basins due mainly to anthropic pollution.
Effect of Genetic Material and Rotation on the Properties of Charcoal
Authors: Romanelli João P , Gonçalves Maria C P , Costa Mayara F , Carvalho Ana M M L
Published: January 2019

This study aimed to evaluate chemical properties and yield of charcoal from two Eucalyptus urophylla clones considering the first and second rotation of the wood. The study was carried out with material from Arcelor Mittal Jequitinhonha, with a mean age of 61.5 months. The values of fixed carbon, volatile materials, ash content, higher calorific value, gravimetric yield, liquid yield and gas yield were determined. The data were analyzed statistically by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and significant differences were compared by the Tukey test (p <0.05). The results showed significant differences for the fixed carbon contents (67% and 70.5%) and volatile materials (32% and 29%) of clones AEC 0182 and AEC 0296, respectively. The analysis of the results showed that both the first and second rotation woods have satisfactory characteristics for charcoal production and are not influenced by the effect of the rotations.
A Variational Formulation for the Relativistic Klein-Gordon Equation
Authors: Botelho Fabio Silva
Published: January 2019

This article develops a variational formulation for the relativistic Klein-Gordon equation.The main results are obtained through a connection between classical and quantum mechanics. Such a connection is established through the definition of  normal field and its relation with the wave function concept.
Linear alkanes as a tool to evaluate intraspecific differences in social wasps
Authors: Michelutti Kamylla Balbuena , Cardoso Claudia Andrea Lima , Antonialli-Junior William Fernando
Published: January 2019

Cuticular hydrocarbons are found in the epicuticle of insects and act during interactions between nestmates in social insects. Among the classes of these compounds, branched alkanes stand out acting as flags during intracolonial interactions, therefore, varying significantly intraspecificaly. However, there is evidence that linear alkanes can also act as signals in these interactions and therefore would also be important to assess intraspecific differences in colonies of social insects. Thus, the hypothesis of this study is that linear alkanes can be used as a tool to establish intraspecific relationships in a species of social wasp. Linear alkanes of all developmental stages were evaluated from colonies of the species Mischocyttarus consimilis Zikán (Hymenoptera, Vespidae). 21 linear alkanes were detected, with the majority ranging from n-C26 to n-C33. There is significant variation between the compounds of all developmental stages, both from samples of different colonies and populations. Therefore, the results validate the hypothesis that variation in composition of linear alkanes can be useful to assess intraspecific differences in social wasps.
Environmental Licensing Challenges of Xingu Rio Transmission System Route Definition
Authors: Abranches Felix Cardoso Junior Ricardo , Hoffmann Alessandra Schwertner
Published: January 2019

Based on the Brazilian electric sector planning, by 2026 the transmission grid will be increased by 64 thousand km, so that the analysis of how to incorporate the environmental criteria in the discussions of route optimization are important for the decision-making of the various actors (government, environmental agencies and entrepreneurs). Therefore, this article aims to identify the challenges of the incorporation of the socio-environmental criteria for the route optimization as well as the deadlines and costs of the Xingu-Rio Transmission System known to be the largest transmission system in Brazil.
State of Art of Landfill Leachate Treatment: Literature Review and Critical Evaluation
Authors: Lippi Marcelo , Gaudie Ley Michelle Bellas Romariz , Mendez Gabriel Pinna , Felix Cardoso Junior Ricardo Abranches
Published: January 2019

Population growth, especially in urban areas, combined with modern levels of social consumption, contribute for a significant increase of waste production. Among the environmental impacts resulting from the operation of landfills, the generation of leachate is certainly one of the most significant and most difficult to control. The composition of leachate is complex and varied; it contains physicochemical and biological characteristics that are aggressive to the soil, water resources, fauna and flora. The technical and operational difficulties to handle it are challenges for waste managers. There are several methods to treat leachate which are widely debated in the literature, each having advantages and disadvantages. The present paper has the objective of carrying out a bibliographical review of leachate treatment from landfills, addressing the main technologies, as well as discussing their applications, advantages, disadvantages and uncertainties. According to what was studied, the technologies that have been found to have the best practical results and, in general, reach the parameters for treated effluent provided for environmental legislations, are those that use filtering membranes. However, one of the major disadvantages of these processes is the generation of a concentrate, which is normally recirculated in the landfill itself.
Generational “we-sense”, “they-sense” and narrative: An epistemological approach to media and social change
Authors: Bolin Goran
Published: January 2019

A classic epistemological problem in the social sciences is how to analyse and understand social change. In media and communication studies, for example, the concept of mediatisation has sparked off such a debate, since one of the main criticisms against the approach is that researchers rather take change for granted without being able to empirically establish if and how change has occurred. In this article is suggested a model for analysing social change through an analysis of how generational identity as “we-sense” is produced in narratives about media use. The empirical basis for the discussion is picked from a recently finished project on media generations in Sweden and Estonia, building on foremost qualitative material. The article concludes with accounting for the merits of using a generational perspective for analysing social change.Cómo analizar y comprender el cambio social es un problema epistemológico clásico en ciencias sociales. Sin embargo, en los estudios de comunicación, por ejemplo, el concepto de mediatización ha precipitado el debate, de manera que una de las principales críticas que se dirigen a los estudios realizados desde este concepto tienden a dar por sentado el cambio, sin llegar a establecer empíricamente si tal cambio ha ocurrido o cómo se ha producido. En este artículo, se sugiere un modelo para analizar el cambio social a través de un análisis de cómo la identidad generacional -entendida como “sentido compartido” (we-sense)- se produce en las narrativas sobre el uso de los medios de comunicación. La base empírica para la discusión deriva de un proyecto recientemente finalizado sobre las generaciones de medios de comunicación en Suecia y Estonia, fundamentado principalmente en material cualitativo. En artículo concluye resaltando el valor que tiene el uso de una perspectiva generacional para analizar el cambio social.
El derecho de casa-habitación. El enfrentamiento entre los maestros y el ayuntamiento de Zaragoza durante la Segunda República
Authors: Vicente Sánchez Héctor
Published: January 2019

La ley educativa de 9 de septiembre de 1857, comúnmente conocida como ley Moyano, concedía el derecho de casa-habitación a los maestros. Desde esa fecha, hasta la proclamación de la Segunda República, se sucederían un buen número de preceptos legislativos que lejos de aclarar como debía ser el disfrute del citado derecho tendió a crear confusión. La instauración del régimen republicano traería consigo nuevas disposiciones legales que contribuirían a perpetuar una tradición legislativa contradictoria. Fue dentro de este marco legal, extenso a la par que confuso, en el que entablaron su particular batalla los maestros de Zaragoza y la corporación municipal de la ciudad. Desde los primeros compases del quinquenio republicano los maestros consortes y los de los barrios, principalmente, harían llegar sus reclamaciones al cabildo. Este a su vez trató de hacer valer sus intereses contra un derecho que venía obligado a sufragar y que suponía un desembolso importante. La reforma educativa emprendida a partir de abril de 1931 no haría sino agravar el problema. La creación de nuevos centros educativos y la sustitución de la enseñanza religiosa provocaron la necesidad de aumentar la partida económica para satisfacer esta atención. Ante esta coyuntura los ediles zaragozanos trataron de buscar soluciones más económicas para hacer frente a esta obligación que venía obligado a sufragar
'Toda a terra é dos homes': profesores gallegos, exilio político y acción docente
Authors: Ferreiro Fente Xosé Gregorio
Published: January 2019

Aunque resulte legítimo afirmar que la literatura existente sobre el exilio republicano gallego constituye, por sus abundantes y meritorios frutos, un relato bastante satisfactorio, no parece desacertado colegir que estamos ante un texto que permanece todavía inconcluso en muchos de sus capítulos, siendo indiscutiblemente uno de ellos la cuestión no suficientemente tratada hasta el momento en Galicia del exilio de sus docentes. Partiendo, pues, de esta tesis, en la que subyace además el escollo de que el exilio gallego ha sido acometido con frecuencia desde perspectivas que no siempre han sido las más apropiadas, se emprende el presente trabajo con el propósito de ofrecer un bosquejo a vista de pájaro y a menudo de trazos gruesos del fenómeno del exilio de los docentes, haciendo especial hincapié en los elementos que lo singularizaron en relación con otros exilios hispánicos, expresamente con aquellos que tuvieron su origen en territorios que permanecieron bajo la potestad del Gobierno legítimo tras el golpe de Estado de julio de 1936. A modo de recurso narrativo, se apelará a veces al relato biográfico de personalidades del magisterio cuyo periplo puede resultar, en un momento dado, un ejemplo paradigmático e instructivo sobre el hecho concreto objeto de nuestra atención. Igualmente, la mención del nombre de muchos de ellos supondrá, de modo indirecto, la confección del catálogo onomástico más completo de los realizados hasta el momento referido a los docentes originarios de Galicia que sufrieron el destierro
Un joven maestro exiliado en Francia, Jacinto Luis Guereña (1939-1956)
Authors: Guereña Jean-Louis
Published: January 2019

En 1933, Jacinto Luis Guereña, nacido en Argentina en 1915 pero de padre vasco y de madre italiana, ingresa por oposición en la Escuela Normal de Magisterio Primario nº 2 de Madrid (la antigua Escuela Normal de Maestras). En junio de 1936 acaba sus estudios teóricos, y en el curso siguiente debía empezar su periodo de prácticas como alumno-profesor con sueldo. Pero el curso de los acontecimientos históricos, previsible no obstante desde hacía unos años, dadas las fuertes tensiones sociales existentes en la España de los años treinta del siglo XX, iba a modificar por completo el rumbo previsto de su vida y dar al traste con el conjunto de sus legítimas esperanzas, profesionales y sociales. El compromiso del joven normalista afiliado a la Federación Universitaria Escolar (FUE) tras la sublevación franquista de julio de 1936 fue claro: miliciano (en las Milicias Vascas Antifascistas), soldado del nuevo Ejército popular de la República, miliciano de la cultura y teniente tras su paso por la Escuela popular de Guerra de Ingenieros. Participó en la batalla del Ebro y tras la derrota de la ofensiva republicana permaneció en Cataluña hasta la retirada. El 9 de febrero de 1939 cruzó la frontera, pasando a continuación por varios campos. Se comentan sus actividades profesionales, culturales y políticas al salir del campo de Gurs, su intento de insertarse en la vida cultural francesa sin perder las raíces españolas. En 1956, al poder entrar en España, se inició una nueva faceta de su vida, al tener que abrirse camino en la vida intelectual española y ya no solo en la del exilio
Un jardín para la infancia. Metáfora comeniana recreada en nuestros tiempos
Authors: Aguirre Lora Georgina Maria Esther
Published: January 2019

El Jardín de Niños como tal, bajo el nombre Kindergarten, se introdujo en México como una de las novedades de la modernidad porfiriana, a través de las cuales se querían revertir las prácticas que existían en relación con la conducción de infantes. La visita de dos maestras mexicanas con el móvil de documentar la existencia de las opciones que se practicaban en Estados Unidos con muy buenos resultados las puso en contacto con programas, materiales y experiencias que procedían de Friedrich Fröbel (1782-1864) y habían sido ampliamente difundidas en países europeos. El propósito de este texto es marcar los orígenes de esta institución, el Jardín de Niños, más allá del siglo XIX en una metáfora del pensador moravo Juan Amós Comenio (1572-1670) en el contexto de las reformas religiosas. Estructuro el artículo en tres ejes: 1) Notas sobre las aportaciones de la metáfora como herramienta analítica; 2) En torno al establecimiento del Jardín de Niños como institución; 3) Juan Amos Comenio y la metáfora del jardín de niños
La fuente colectiva. (Retazos del frente). (Trozos de guerra y postguerra)
Authors: Guereña Jean-Louis
Published: January 2019

En este texto documental se reproduce parte del diario que, con el título de La fuente colectiva, escribió Jacinto Luis Guereña, un joven oficial, recién salido de la Escuela Popular de Guerra, desde el 22 de mayo de 1938 en Igualada, a la espera de la ofensiva republicana en el Ebro, al 23 de setiembre de 1940, ya en Francia, tras el paso por diversos campos de concentración para los refugiados españoles. Los fragmentos transcritos corresponden al periodo de la batalla del Ebro (25 de julio de 1938 al 16 de noviembre de 1938), la retirada, el paso de la frontera francesa (el 9 de febrero de 1939), los campos de concentración y la vida en el exilio francés.
Investigar, intervir e preservar em História da Educação
Authors: Malheiro Gutiérrez Xosé M.
Published: January 2019

Reseña del libro de Luis A. Marques Alves y Joaquim Pintassilgo (coords). Investigar, intervir e preservar em História da Educação. Porto: CITCEM/HISTEDUP, 2017
Euskarazko alfabetatzea Euskal Herriko landa eskoletan (1900-1939) = Alfabetización en euskara en las escuelas rurales del País Vasco (1900-1939)
Authors: Garmendia Larrañaga Joxe , Zabaleta Imaz Iñaki , Murua Cartón Hilario
Published: January 2019

En el primer tercio del siglo xx se produce en el País Vasco un proceso de modernización que afectó a la enseñanza en general. En esta época en las zonas rurales todavía había altas tasas de analfabetismo y la población era vascoparlante. Con el objetivo de paliar esta situación las Diputaciones de Bizkaia y Gipuzkoa pusieron en marcha dos experiencias: Las Escuelas de Barriada en Bizkaia (1919-1938) y las Escuelas Rurales Provinciales en Gipuzkoa (1930-1938). Aunque en sus inicios, las escuelas de barriada de Bizkaia pretendieron desarrollar una escuela vasca y un proyecto bilingüe, los cambios políticos condicionaron este proyecto. En el caso de las escuelas provinciales de Gipuzkoa, el objetivo era suplir la insuficiencia de instrucción. El objetivo de este trabajo es comparar estas dos experiencias de alfabetización desarrolladas en un ámbito rural, en las que se interrelacionan la alfabetización en castellano y en euskara.