bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elementos y requisitos del acto moral
Authors: Bretoneche Gutiérrez Luis Alberto
Published: May 2021

Este artículo contiene un análisis de los elementos y requisitos que intervienen en la evaluación del acto moral, los cuales se identifican como sujeto moral, comunidad moral, norma moral, conocimiento de la norma y sanción morales. Además, se han examinado y colocado ejemplos de los elementos que intervienen en la calificación del sujeto moral, donde aparecen la libertad, la salud física y mental, el actuar, la responsabilidad según cada situación específica y la conciencia moral. En función de lo mencionado, se puede apreciar cuando los actos humanos son morales, inmorales, amorales o antimorales. Para dilucidar el tema se han utilizado los conocimientos, procedimientos e instrumentos racionales de dos disciplinas filosóficas, la Axiología y la Ética, las cuales siempre aparecen en la valoración de toda acción moral.
Incidencia del sistema de información en la gestión administrativa de la Universidad para el Desarrollo Andino
Authors: Taipe Oncebay Lidia , Huacho Taipe Erika Pilar , Huacho Taipe Nayeli Jimena
Published: May 2021

El objetivo de la investigación determinar de qué manera el modelamiento de un sistema de información incide en la gestión administrativa de la universidad. Los sistemas de información están incluidos en todos los modelos de evaluación de calidad es importante en los procesos de evaluación y acreditación de la educación universitaria, el modelamiento del sistema muestra la situación de las operaciones regulares para que el personal administrativo puedan planear, organizar, dirigir y controlar. Con la finalidad de mejorar la calidad de trabajo, tener información necesaria y oportuna para la toma de decisión. De ahí nos preguntamos ¿De qué manera el modelamiento de un Sistema de Información incide en la Gestión Administrativa de la Universidad para el Desarrollo Andino?, investigación de tipo aplicada, diseño descriptivo correlacional y para constatar las hipótesis se aplicó el coeficiente de correlación Pearson del análisis se demostró que existe una correlación positiva muy fuerte entre las variables. se concluyó que el modelamiento de un sistema de información incide de forma positiva y significativa en la Gestión Administrativa de la Universidad.
Building Policies for Climate Changes: Lessons from COVID-19
Authors: Halim Michael
Published: May 2021

Aim: Global pandemics have been there since 3000 B.C. The response to pandemics has always brought with its serious consequences. In this paper, we aim to draw critical lessons derived from the recent novel COVID-19 pandemic and how they can be implemented to bring change in the global climate scene.

Methods: The research was primarily based on the published journals and research papers done in response to the COVID-19 global pandemic and the mitigation measures taken. Following an analytical approach to this issue, there was an in-depth look into the statistics of the global impact of climate change and how COVID-19 has a similarity to it.

Results: From the 4 major studies that the paper takes a deeper look into, there is the realization of the need for cohesive management of global pandemics. There is enough evidence from COVID-19 that delay can be costly and that the digitization of technological systems used to combat these global issues is very important.

Conclusion: Based on the inferences established from the paper, there is a cohesive need to integrate all facets of national matters regarding pandemics and global issues. It is only through this that national matters can be addressed and bring an impact in the long term. The paper provides the backbone from which further research may be conducted in the mitigation of climate change issues.
UNSAFE SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR AMONG HIV-POSITIVE MSM PARTICIPATING IN COMMUNITY-BASED TREATMENT ADHERENCE PEER SUPPORT PROGRAM
Authors: Jaafar Safirah Jaan , Awang Lukman Khamisah , Safian Nazarudin , Myint Than , Swe  , Hassan Mohd Rohaizat , Sutan Rosnah , Chin Mun Wong , Jeffree Mohammad Saffree
Published: May 2021

This study aims to investigate the unsafe sexual behaviour among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) participating in community-based Treatment Adherence Peer Support Program (TAPS) based in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. A cross-sectional study that involved 109 HIV-positive MSM was conducted using a validated questionnaire adapted from Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance (IBBS) 2012, in two main languages which are Malay and English.1 This questionnaire contained information on socio-demographic factors, respondents’ sexual history since they were diagnosed with HIV, and participation with community-based TAPS. Among the total 109 respondents, 62.4% had stated that they had practised unsafe sexual behaviour since they were diagnosed with HIV. Prevalence of self-reported Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) was 24.8%. About 92.7% of participants were on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and had achieved 96% of compliancy. Prevalence of unsafe sexual behaviour differed significantly between respondents on HAART (66.3%) compared to the non-HAART group (12.5%) (χ2 = 7.005, p < 0.01). Duration of last participation in the TAPS program significantly associated with unsafe sexual behaviour (χ2 = 16.96, p <0.01). There is a high prevalence of unsafe sexual behaviour and self-reported STIs among HIV-infected MSM. Participation in TAPS resulted in a higher percentage of HAART coverage and the compliancy among the respondents; however, the prevalence of unsafe sexual behavioural remains high. The study findings highlight the importance of regular STIs screening among HIV-infected MSM.
THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND MENTAL HEALTH IN MALAYSIA: CURRENT TREATMENT AND FUTURE RECOMMENDATIONS
Authors: Beckstein Amoneeta , Rathakrishnan Balan , Hutchings Paul B. , Hassline Mohamed Noor
Published: May 2021

This paper provides an overview of Malaysian mental health in light of COVID-19. It discusses some of the current treatment options and how the crisis is being managed. A focused literature review was conducted. All relevant articles were included in the review. It offers research, policy, and multicultural practice suggestions for reducing the predicted upcoming mental health pandemic. There needs to be a multiculturally competent, multi-pronged public health strategy to address the psychological damage caused both during and after the pandemic. The government, health and mental health sectors, policymakers, and academic experts need to engage in a meaningful collaboration that leads to policies, resources, and actions to prevent future distress. This paper contributes to the knowledge about the mental health impact and response to the COVID-19 pandemic in a less studied country.
VALIDATION OF THE MALAY VERSION OF THE CANCER THERAPY SATISFACTION QUESTIONNAIRE AMONG MALAYSIAN CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: Abd Hamid Norhaliza , Hamdan Nur Amirah , Azman Nizuwan , Leong Bin Abdullah Mohammad Farris Iman
Published: May 2021

Satisfaction with treatment among cancer patients is vital for planning of healthcare strategies and to ensure compliance to cancer therapy. Hence, this study translated the original English version of the Cancer Therapy Satisfaction Questionnaire (CTSQ) into Malay and investigated the reliability and validity of the Malay version for use to assess satisfaction with treatment among Malaysian cancer patients. Initially, concurrent translation and back translation of the English version of the CTSQ was performed. Then, the Malay version of the CTSQ (CTSQ-M) was administered to 200 cancer patients with different sites and stages of cancer for assessment of its reliability and validity. The CTSQ-M and its domains exhibited acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach’s α ranged from 0.724 to 0.882). Convergent and discriminant validity were achieved by the CTSQ-M. Construct validity was achieved by the CTSQ-M as exploratory factor analysis extracted 3 factors, while confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the CTSQ-M consisted of 16 items in 3 domains. We concluded that the CTSQ-M had acceptable psychometric properties.
MANAGEMENT OF COMMUNITY ELDERLY CLUBS FOR IMPROVING WELL-BEING OF THE THAI ELDERLY: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Rojpaisarnkit Kunwadee , Rodjarkpai Yuvadee
Published: May 2021

In Thailand, the elderly club is a public organization that plays an important role in developing the well-being of the elderly in the community. The aim of this study was to 1) examine the management of the elderly club and the characteristics of elderly well-being development activities, 2) investigate the management of the elderly club in developing elderly well-being, and 3) determine the factors affecting the successful management of the elderly clubs and the activities that improve well-being of the elderly. The employed research method was a form of phenomenological research, with data collection conducted via six focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. The participants were club committee members who met the inclusion criteria. Data was analyzed using the content analysis method and its reliability was verified by examining information against relevant literature, view of informants, and experts. Results found most of activities improving elderly well-being focused on health promotion and elder education. There were eight important factors affecting the successful management of the elderly club, i.e. competency of the leader and club committees, committee and member participation, regular activities, support from public health officers, financial self-reliance, external financial support, network partners, and social participation. The research also suggests five important factors affecting the activities that improve elderly well-being, i.e. external financial support, network partners, committee and member participation, social participation, and support from public health officers.
OCCUPATIONAL BURNOUT AMONG PUBLIC MEDICAL OFFICERS DURING THE EARLY STAGE OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN KOTA KINABALU, SABAH
Authors: Mohammad Ahmad Hazim , Shamsudin Shamsul Bahari , Ahmad Kamarudin Nornazirah , Ching Lim Mei , Radzran Ahmad Syukri , Mohd Deris Muhamad Hanif , Mukhsam Mohamad Hafiz
Published: May 2021

Burnout syndrome has affected many doctors globally, and this problem has caused various negative impacts on public health services such as reduced productivity and reduced quality care of patients. Various factors were associated with burnout among doctors, but the factors vary in different countries. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of burnout among public service medical officers in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, who were involved in combating the Covid-19 outbreaks. A cross-sectional study involving 201 medical officers working in all government hospitals and health clinics was carried out. Using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), the prevalence of personal-related and work-related burnout were 61.2% and 48.8% respectively, while the prevalence of client-related burnout was 39.8%. Working in different medical departments and the length of working experience were the significant associated risk factors of burnout among the doctors. Meanwhile, other predictors were found not to be significantly associated with the prevalence of burnout. The prevalence of burnout among medical officers in Kota Kinabalu was relatively high especially among the less experienced doctors and among those who work in surgical based departments, and these issues require multilevel interventions which involve policymakers in the Ministry of Health, organizational and administrative managers at the various health departments and the medical officers themselves.
OFERTA DE MASSIVE OPEN ONLINE COURSES - MOOCS NO BRASIL: OPORTUNIDADES DE FORMAÇÃO EM CENÁRIOS DE INCERTEZA
Authors: Gomes Yasmim Terezinha Barbosa , Pinheiro Julia Lorena Gonçalves , Rocha Amanda Tineli , Vieira Rafaella Costa Fagundes , Soares Simarly Maria
Published: May 2021

A tecnologia e a internet possibilitam que a distância não seja um empecilho para a disseminação do conhecimento. Com a disponibilidade de acesso em qualquer hora e lugar, é válida a busca por aprimoramento, tanto para o desenvolvimento profissional quanto pessoal. Se esse desenvolvimento advém de forma gratuita e com poucos requisitos de pré-qualificação, é ainda mais proveitoso. Os cursos na modalidade Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) atendem à essa demanda. Dessa forma, objetivou-se caracterizar o panorama de oferta de MOOCs no Brasil, relacionando algumas instituições que ofertam, segmento do curso e outras características. Sendo assim, este estudo possui caráter qualitativo com revisão bibliográfica e análise documental por acessibilidade. Foram identificados 724 cursos das mais diversas áreas, abrangendo desde o apoio ao ensino fundamental e médio, até suporte a nível superior. Evidenciou-se que é um tema ainda pouco discutido no Brasil, mas com muita oferta de cursos.
Couscous-constant approximation in signal filtration task
Authors: Butyrskiy E
Published: May 2021

The paper considers the task of assessing the state of a nonlinear dynamic system, based on the couscous-linear approximation of non-linear functions included in the state and observa-tion equation. Examples of the method presented in filtration tasks are given and it is shown that the use of couscous-linear approximation allows at least half the margin of sampling error by the Kalman-Busey filter compared to the first-order approximation. Dynamic systems and processing algorithms in the form of vector-matrix equations have been obtained for multidi-mensional systems.
The corruption as an obstacle to economic growth and development of the Russian Federation
Authors: Smirnova O. , Chelak S.
Published: May 2021

Review paper on the reasons for the emergence of corruption in Russia. To resolve the current situation, it is necessary to improve the anti-corruption policy pursued by the state, to form the mindset of the irreconcilability of corrupt actions among the citizens of the Russian Federation. Corruption poses a threat to the country's economic security. Analyzing the main approaches to the problem, they make it possible to form a classification of types of corruption. An anti-corruption policy is developed and improved every year, but the level of corruption in Russia remains quite high. For a long time, the peculiarities of the attitude of citizens to this negative social phenomenon have been manifested in Russia. International effective anti-corruption policies are considered, of which the Asian model and the Scandinavian model can be distinguished. Today, in order to implement an effective anti-corruption policy in the Russian Federation, attention should be paid to automated information technologies, which will not only simplify the activities of state bodies, but also make anti-corruption policies vital for citizens.
Digitalisierung in Großkonzernen/Method for developing a digital transformation strategy in large corporations
Authors: Kübler Patrick , Volkwein Malte , Schöllhammer Oliver , Bauernhansl Thomas
Published: May 2021

Die digitale Transformation stellt für Unternehmen einen radikalen Wandel dar. In der Theorie weisen digitale Technologien große wirtschaftliche Potenziale auf. In der Praxis erzielen gerade Großkonzerne jedoch nicht die erhofften Erfolge. Eine dezidierte Digitalisierungsstrategie ist der Erfolgsfaktor für eine gelungene Transformation. Großkonzerne haben aufgrund ihrer Komplexität andere Herausforderungen zu bewältigen als kleine- und mittelständische Unternehmen. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Methode vorgestellt, mit deren Hilfe sich eine Digitalisierungsstrategie für Großkonzerne in fünf Phasen entwickeln lässt.

 

Digital transformation marks a radical change for many companies. In theory, digital technologies have enormous economic potential. In practice, however, large corporations in particular do not achieve the hoped-for success in the full range of applications. A dedicated digital transformation strategy is the key success factor for a successful digital transformation. Due to their complexity, large corporations face different challenges than small and medium-sized enterprises. This article presents a method that can be used to develop a digital transformation strategy for large corporations in five phases.
Eilaufträge logistisch beherrschen/Be in control of rush orders logistically
Authors: Heuer Tammo , Nyhuis Peter , Maier Janine Tatjana , Schmidt Matthias
Published: May 2021

Das Erfüllen heterogener Wunschlieferzeiten stellt hohe Anforderungen an die Funktionalität der Produktionsplanung und -steuerung. Die Nutzung von Eilaufträgen lässt zwar kürzere Lieferzeiten zu, induziert aber längere Durchlaufzeiten für Normalaufträge, eine geringere Termintreue und höhere Sicherheitsbestände. Der in diesem Beitrag beschriebene Ansatz von Schnellläuferaufträgen soll kürzere Lieferzeiten bei einer höheren Logistikeffizienz erlauben.

 

The satisfaction of heterogeneous desired delivery times requires a high functionality of the production planning and control. The use of rush orders allows for shorter delivery times, but induces longer throughput times for normal orders, lower schedule reliability and higher safety stocks. The fast-track order approach described in this paper is designed to enable shorter delivery times with greater logistics efficiency.
Known Unknowns: Data Issues and Military Autonomous Systems
Authors: Holland Michel Arthur
Published: May 2021

This report describes common data issues for autonomous systems and explains how they give rise to "known unknown" failures. It then explores the legal and operational implications of such failures, and considers a range of potential policy and technical solutions by which they could be addressed.
Mixing effects in the river downstream from pollution discharge point
Authors: Bielski Andrzej
Published: May 2021

This paper follows the propagation of pollution in a river with a rectangular cross-section of the river bed and a variable cross-sectional velocity. The calculations were made for steady flows and steady pollutant concentrations. To approximate the velocity distribution in the river bed a set of equations for current and vorticity functions was solved. The distribution of pollutant concentrations in the river was calculated from a bidirectional advection and turbulent diffusion equation. Analysis of the distribution of concentrations leads to the conclusion that the effects of transverse advection associated with a lateral inflow of pollutants disappear relatively quickly. Therefore, the distribution of concentrations in cross sections further downstream from the point of pollutant discharge can be determined quite accurately just from an advection-diffusion model, with no transverse advection effects included. Such a level of accuracy is usually sufficient to assess the impact of a pollution source on the aquatic environment. The transverse mixing of pollutants in the stream proceeds slowly and creates a large mixing zone in which the concentrations of pollutants (low but still significant for water quality) can be detected in cross-sections that are remote from the pollutant discharge point. Transverse advection may be ignored while calculating concentrations in remote cross sections at straight watercourse sections and in steady state conditions.
Van geheimzinnig buitenlands virus naar binnenlands systemisch risico: een studie naar de veranderende frames over COVID-19
Authors: Wilderom Rens , Bröer Christian , van Rijsewijk Mathilde
Published: May 2021

This study focuses on the changing meanings of COVID-19 in three prominent Dutch newspapers: De Telegraaf, De Volkskrant and NRC Handelsblad. We focus on the volatility of meanings, and how certain meanings stabilize and create a path dependence in how our society understands COVID-19. We combine a topic-model analysis of about 19,000 newspaper articles published from December 2019 to August 2020 with a qualitative content analysis. The results show how COVID-19 changes from an external threat to an internal risk, how COVID- 19’s meanings and categories-at-risk are dynamic, and how certain perspectives dominate the public debate at the expense of others. For example, the suffering of COVID-19 patients became secondary to the suffering of nonpatients and a probabilistic, administrative perspective on the virus. Such dominant definitions of the problem are directed by the government’s policy. There is also critique. We see that newspapers’ attention for Viruswaanzin, Viruswaarheid, and Red Team rises in the summer of 2020, although their coverage is then still quite marginal. We expect that these organizations are part of new social movements which can increasingly gain importance and form an interesting area for new research.
Hardness Test of GRB 950830 as a Gravitationally Lensed Echo
Authors: Mukherjee Oindabi , Nemiroff Robert J.
Published: May 2021

Cumulative hardness comparisons are a simple but statistically powerful test for the presence of gravitational lensing in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Since gravitational lensing does not change photon energies, all source images should have the same spectra—and hence hardness. Applied to the recent claim that the two pulses in GRB 950830 are lensed images of the same pulse, the measured flux ratio between the two main pulses should be the same at all energies. After summing up all the counts in both of GRB 950830's two pulses in all four BATSE energy bands, it was found that in energy channel 3, the second pulse appears somewhat weak. In comparison with the other BATSE energy channels, the difference was statistically significant at above 90%. This model-independent test indicates that the case for GRB 950830 involving a gravitational lens may be intriguing—but should not be considered proven.
The Surface Abundances of Maia Revisited
Authors: Monier Richard , Khalack Viktor
Published: May 2021

Abundances for 20 chemical elements are derived for Maia, the fourth brightest member of the Pleiades, using updated atomic data. Maia does not seem to be a typical helium-weak star nor a classical HgMn star. Instead Maia might be related to the phosphorus and gallium-rich stars.
New species of the genus Pseudolathra Casey, 1905 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae) from the Northwestern District of China
Authors: Li Xiaoyan , Cai Yanpeng , Zhou Hongzhang
Published: May 2021

Two new species of the genus Pseudolathra Casey, 1905 from mainland China are reported in this paper, namely Pseudolathra gansuensis Li & Zhou, sp. nov. and P. assingi Li & Zhou, sp. nov. This genus is reported for the first time from Gansu Province, Northwest China. Both species are described in detail and supplemented with color plates of normal light photos of the habitus, sternites VII–IX and details of aedeagal structures in different views.
A new species group of Strumigenys (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Ecuador, with a description of its mandible morphology
Authors: Booher Douglas B. , Hoenle Philipp O.
Published: May 2021

Strumigenys is one of the most diverse ant genera in the world and arguably the most morphologically diverse, exhibiting an exceptional range of mandible shape and function. A new species, Strumigenys ayerstheysp. nov., discovered in the Chocó region of Ecuador is described. With two morphological characters, this species is shown to be a morphologically unique outlier among Strumigenys globally, having predominately smooth and shining cuticle surface sculpturing and long trap-jaw mandibles. Using µCT scans, we produced 3D images of the worker ant and static images to examine and compare mandible articular morphologies with most morphologically similar members of the mandibularis species group. Cuticular, pilosity, and articular mandible morphological differences supports placing the new species in its own new species group.
«Un esclavo que se llama Antonio»: venta de dos esclavos asiáticos en Galicia a inicios del siglo XVII
Authors: Ménard Caroline
Published: May 2021

La esclavitud era conocida en la Península Ibérica desde la Antigüedad y durante la Época Moderna y no se limitó a la sumisión de personas de origen africana. Este artículo trata de la venta de dos esclavos de origen asiático, Antonio y Domingo, en el puerto de Vigo en 1603; en él se analiza la ruta emprendida por éstos, el papel desempeñado por los marineros portugueses de la Carreira da India como vendedores, así como su origen y precio. Antonio y Domingo representan una minoria dentro del conjunto de los esclavos viviendo en ese momento en Galicia, pero su presencia es un ejemplo ilustrativo de la dinámica vigente en la época.

[gl] A escravitude era coñecida na Península Ibérica dende a Antigüidade e durante a Época Moderna e non se limitou a sumisión de persoas de orixe africana. Este artigo trata da venda de dous escravos de orixe asiática, Antonio e Domingo, no porto de Vigo no 1603. No artigo analízase a ruta realizada por estes e a súa orixe e prezo, así como o papel xogado polos mariñeiros portugueses na Carreira da India como vendedores. Antonio y Domingo representan unha corrente minoritaria dentro do conxunto dos escravos que viven en Galicia nesta época, mais a sua presencia é un bon exemplo da dinamica vivida nesta época.
Descripción de dos nuevas especies cavernícolas de Trichoniscinae Verhoeff, 1908 de la Cordillera Cantábrica (Crustacea: Isopoda: Trichoniscidae)
Authors: Cifuentes Julio , Prieto Carlos E.
Published: May 2021

Dos nuevas especies cavernícolas de la Península Ibérica pertenecientes a la subfamilia Trichoniscinae Verhoeff, 1908, han sido descubiertas gracias al estudio de los isópodos terrestres de la Colección de Fauna Cavernícola de la Universidad del País Vasco. Trichoniscoides cantabricus n. sp. se describe de las cavidades del Miera-Asón, estando presente también en otras tres áreas kársticas de Cantabria y una cavidad del norte de Burgos. Troglonethes fonsocalvoi n. sp. se describe de las cavidades de Montes de Triano (Bizkaia) y está presente también en Sierra Salvada y los macizos de Jorrios-Alén, Gorbea.
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5DE67D90-805E-458D-BBFA-04DF244FBD68
The effect of coarse to fine aggregate ratio on drying shrinkage of roller compacted concrete pavement in different curing conditions
Authors: Abbasi M. , Shafigh P. , Baharum M.R.
Published: May 2021

Drying shrinkage is an inevitable phenomenon that leads to cracks and eventually remarkable volume changes in hardened concrete. In this study, the drying shrinkage strain behavior of roller compacted concrete pavements (RCCPs) in two different curing conditions was investigated. The variables of RCCPs were coarse to fine aggregate (C/F) ratios of 0.7, 1, 1.2 and 1.5 in two cement dosages of 12% and 15%. Vebe tests of the fresh RCCP as well as the compressive, splitting tensile and flexural tensile strengths of the hardened RCCPs were also performed. The test results indicate that by increasing cement content from 12% to 15%, the drying shrinkage strain increased in both cured and non-cured conditions. Generally, the drying shrinkage strain was significantly increased when the C/F ratio was lower than 1.0. It is highly recommended that C/F aggregate ratio is used in the range of 1.0 to 1.2 in the mixture of RCCP.
Differences between the sagitta, lapillus and vertebra in estimating age and growth in juvenile Mediterranean dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus)
Authors: Morales-Nin Beatriz , Di Stefano Mirella , Potoschi Antonio , Massutí Enric , Rizzo Pietro , Gancitano Salvatore
Published: May 2021

The otoliths (sagittae and lapilli) and the vertebral centra were evaluated as ageing structures in dolphinfish age 0 juveniles (17.2–72 cm FL) caught in the seasonal small-scale fisheries of Majorca and Sicily (western and central Mediterranean). Different structure preparation techniques were also tested. Mounting and polishing lapilli for preparing frontal sections required significantly less processing time than for the sagittae. The increments in lapillus were clearly visible from the primordium to the otolith margin, whereas the intermediate zone in the sagittae was more opaque and prevented the detection of all the increments. The back-calculated hatchdates for otolith ages showed a good correlation with the species reproduction in the area and provided indirect validation for the age determination. The vertebrae centra showed increments with higher periodicity than seasonal. A test of symmetry on the ages derived from the sagitta and vertebra of the same fish indicated that the vertebra significantly underestimated the age. Considering the structure processing time and increment definition, as well as the age-length relationships obtained, it was concluded that the lapilli were the best ageing structure for juvenile dolphinfish. However, validation experiments should be carried out before the accuracy of this method can be determined.
Tableau scolaire et modernité
Authors: Billouet Pierre
Published: May 2021

Il y a deux espaces de la classe moderne (panoptique, scoptique) de sorte que l'on ne peut analyser les pratiques professionnelles, ni comprendre ou souhaiter des modifications spatiales de l'éducation scolaire – en particulier les bouleversements que provoque l'informatisation de la société – sans considérer les enjeux épistémiques et éthiques qu'elles recèlent.
La notion d'élémentarité et ses enjeux actuels
Authors: Trouvé Alain
Published: May 2021

La notion d'élémentarité est largement connotée. D'une part, identifié à tout ce qui peut être reçu comme facile d'accès (à cause de l'évidence et de la simplicité qu'il désigne), l'élémentaire, souvent enfermé dans une acception triviale et péjorative, est rattaché de préférence à l'univers de l'école dite "primaire". D'autre part, depuis deux décennies environ, cette notion est mise en avant par un certain courant d'opinion se réclamant des principes supposés de l'école de J. Ferry, lui faisant jouer le rôle d'étendard dans le combat mené contre les réformateurs de toute obédience. Ce constat inviterait donc à penser que l'élémentaire ou bien n'offre qu'un intérêt historique, ou bien n'est qu'une arme de plus dans les polémiques qui opposent "républicains" et "pédagogues". Or, il n'en est rien car, traversé par de multiples tensions, l'élémentaire est l'objet de divers enjeux qui invitent à repenser à nouveaux frais cette catégorie de la pensée philosophique et pédagogique.
Ingénierie didactique et analyse de l’activité : initialisation d’une recherche sur l’apprentissage
Authors: Parage Pierre
Published: May 2021

Dans la première partie de son histoire encore récente, la didactique professionnelle a mis l’accent sur l’analyse de l’activité de travail comme dimension majeure de l’analyse des besoins de formation. L’hypothèse est en effet que c’est dans la manière dont un geste professionnel pertinent est organisé qu’il y a lieu de saisir la structure qui servira de référence au formateur pour bâtir une ingénierie didactique susceptible de favoriser le développement des compétences. Avec la question de la conception de ressources directement déclinées de ces modèles, deux champs d’investigation s’ouvrent au chercheur : l’analyse de l’activité d’apprentissage et l’analyse de l’activité de médiation. Nous tenterons ici d’en appréhender quelques dimensions.
Les enjeux de la dynamique interactionnelle entre conseillers et enseignants en formation et/ou débutants
Authors: Vinatier Isabelle
Published: May 2021

Les entretiens entre des PEIMF et des enseignants débutants ont besoin de l’analyse pour que soient éclairés leurs enjeux. Ces entretiens suivent l’observation des novices en situation de conduite de classe et ont pour objet la pratique de ces derniers. Ils mobilisent des compétences qui s’inscrivent dans une épistémologie du sujet et pas seulement dans une épistémologie du sujet épistémique – celui qui construit des connaissances – qui, à elle seule ne suffit pas à rendre compte de la construction et du développement des échanges verbaux. C’est donc dire que nous proposons un nouveau cadre paradigmatique pour interroger la notion de compétence. A travers quelques exemples, nous montrons que l’activité co-construite entre les interlocuteurs ne relève pas seulement de la combinaison d’invariants liés au diagnostic de la situation observée, les « invariants situationnels » (Vergnaud, Pastré, 1996, 1999) permettant à un professionnel d’être efficace en situation. Nous pensons en effet qu’elle requiert également la mobilisation des « invariants du sujet » (Vinatier, 2002), liés à l’ordre des valeurs et des registres d’implication de la personne. La tension qui transit les échanges, à propos d’une situation d’enseignement-apprentissage vécue par l’un et observée par l’autre, résulte de l’existence de différents registres de conceptualisation de l’objet des échanges. Ils se distribuent entre ce que P. Rabardel appelle « l’activité productive », celle qui permet d’être efficace en situation d’enseignement-apprentissage et « l’activité constructive », celle qui consiste à tirer parti de la situation d’entretien pour qu’elle devienne un prolongement de l’expérience de chacun des interlocuteurs. La notion de compétence est ainsi interrogée non seulement du point de vue d’un sujet apprenant mais aussi de celui d’un sujet en développement.
La réception du pragmatisme par Durkheim ou le refus de la sécularisation du vrai
Authors: Clavier Loïc
Published: May 2021

Dans les leçons intitulées « Pragmatisme et sociologie », Durkheim fait part d’une concurrence entre sociologie et pragmatisme. La philosophie du pragmatisme, en tant que théorie de la vérité, développe une visée proche de celle de la sociologie dans l’émergence du « sens de la vie et de l’action ». L’auteur va tout d’abord présenter le pragmatisme en tant que théorie de la connaissance en s’appuyant essentiellement sur l’empirisme radical de James. Ce faisant il se ménage ainsi un espace pour introduire progressivement le pragmatisme en tant que théorie de la valeur. Cet éclairage lui permet non seulement de montrer comment James passe d’un empirisme de l’objet à un empirisme de l’action, mais aussi de délimiter les emprunts de James à Bergson. La volonté est double. Tout d’abord, demeurer dans une réflexion rationaliste, certes libérée de l’intellectualisme, mais de surcroît identifier l’écart entre l’humanisme de James et celui de Bergson. Cette stratégie vise à montrer que la différence entre le donné et le construit ne s’explique pas dans un cadre phénoménologique, mais plutôt dans le cadre de la sociologie, science positive, qui prenant le social dans sa dimension historique, accède à une vérité humaine, variable et à la continuité du réel. Ce faisant, contrairement au pragmatisme, c’est dans le seul cadre social qu’il contingente une telle opportunité lui permettant de mettre à jour l’institué entre jugement de réalité et jugement de valeur et de placer la sociologie positive comme seule capable d’accéder au fait que « la vérité est une norme pour la pensée comme l’idéal moral est une norme pour la conduite ».
Antinomie, problématisation et philosophie de l’éducation
Authors: Τhéodoropoulou Héléna
Published: May 2021

L’élaboration de la notion d’antinomie dans le cadre d’un cours de philosophie de l’éducation peut être un accès à la question de la problématisation. L’éducation philosophique, de par sa définition, peut contribuer à la construction et à la compréhension tant d’une pédagogie que d’une méthodologie de la problématisation qui aurait de sens à la fois pour la philosophie et pour la pédagogie. Il s’agit d’une interrogation qui se déploie ainsi : 1) le caractère particulier qu’un cours de philosophie de l’éducation peut prendre dans le cadre de la formation des futurs enseignants (et par extension le rôle spécifique que la philosophie de l’éducation peut jouer dans ce cadre) ; 2) la puissance et la modalité de problématisation qu’un tel cours implique, une fois que l’antinomie y est insérée en tant que pivot de problématisation.
Identification naturaliste et production des céramiques à décor rustique (1550-1650) : nouveaux axes de réflexion pour une recherche en construction
Authors: Métreau Laetitia , Barbe Françoise , Gerbier Aurélie , Callou Cécile
Published: May 2021

Le projet Figulines est l’héritier de trente années de recherche transdisciplinaire consacrée aux terres cuites glaçurées moulées en relief des xvie et xviie siècles. Il s’intéresse plus particulièrement au décor naturaliste dit rustique. Si la production de l’atelier de Palissy est désormais bien définie, un corpus d’une centaine d’objets – probablement fabriqués en série par des ateliers anonymes à sa suite – soulève encore plusieurs questions relatives à leur origine et à leur élaboration. Pour tenter d’y répondre, la recherche explore maintenant deux nouvelles directions. La première vise à l’identification des espèces animales et végétales représentées, en quête de marqueurs caractéristiques de groupes de production et d’informations sur leur localisation. La seconde se concentre sur leur chronologie de fabrication, en associant démarche typologique et imagerie 3D.
Connaître, documenter et conserver la photographie de studio indienne : l’exploration d’un fonds photographique d’Inde du Sud
Authors: Loprin Élodie , Perez Romain , Szafran Édith , Cartier-Bresson Anne , Caru Vanessa , Headley Zoé , Etter Anne-Julie
Published: May 2021

Deux pans importants de la photographie en Inde sont encore peu ou mal connus : l’histoire de la photographie commerciale de studio et les conditions de conservation des matériaux photographiques, dans un contexte climatique propice à leur dégradation. Un fonds récemment constitué à partir d’archives de studios photographiques du Tamil Nadu (Inde du Sud) éclaire ces deux thématiques. Il permet d’étudier la production et la consommation courantes de photographie en Inde aux périodes coloniale et postcoloniale. Il soulève également des problématiques particulières de conservation, soulignant l’importance et l’intérêt de croiser les regards et les expertises sur cet objet d’étude.
Histoire des pratiques de comblement de lacunes d’objets en plâtre : le cas de la collection de cadres du xixe siècle et la collection de statuaire moulée de la gypsothèque du musée du Louvre
Authors: Robin Dupire Juliette , Le Hô Anne-Solenn , Chastel-Rousseau Charlotte , Le Breton Élisabeth , Mirabaud Sigrid , Mélinge Yannick , Pernot François
Published: May 2021

L’article présente les premières recherches du projet REMuPlât, qui s’intéresse aux matériaux de comblement des œuvres en plâtre, à travers l’étude de deux corpus du musée du Louvre, la gypsothèque et la collection de cadres du xixe siècle. Il a pour but d’affiner les connaissances sur le matériau plâtre et d’approfondir la recherche sur les formulations de comblement. L’étude de ces collections de tirages et de cadres à décor moulé révèle des changements de valeurs et de statuts, pouvant être mis en parallèle avec des méthodes de conservation-restauration. Ainsi trois grandes périodes de pratiques de comblement peuvent être dégagées. On observe alors la modification et l’adaptation des traitements, notamment par le choix de matériaux distincts, suivant la patrimonialisation des artefacts et l’évolution des critères déontologiques.
Research Findings in the Domain of Business Platform Models
Authors: Vanderbeken Yves
Published: May 2021

First, the author defined the right practices to strategize, design, build, and operate a government business platform model. Then they design a governance mechanism (processes, structures, relational mechanisms) that will provide maximum value. These practices are then converted into a consistent set of validation methods to determine where an organization is today and where it wants to be. Next is a deep dive of three case organizations, using the validation methods, to determine where they want to be and what the best practices are to improving their current operations. Advice is defined at the end of the chapter to guide any government organization on their journey.
Problems in the Area of Agile Methodologies
Authors: Kumar Tapan
Published: May 2021

Working in distributed teams on digital platforms and software technology nowadays occurs in a more agile manner. This chapter will focus on the motivation for examining why agile methodology doesn't work efficiently in large enterprises having distributed agile software development model compared to small or medium enterprises. The chapter aims to unearth with the help of several known statistics and see if agile or distributed agile is always a success or not and explore the cascading impact on organizations when the agile implementation is not as per the expectation. Further on, the author tries to explore all factors and characteristics associated with distributed agile software development with the help of the literature, and thereafter, it intended to find an answer about the impact of distributed agile software development on team performance which has varying impact on organizations.
Findings and Core Practices in the Domain of Agile Methodologies
Authors: Kumar Tapan
Published: May 2021

This chapter analyzes the outcome of the research done on distributed agile teams working on digital platforms and software products. This chapter also aims to explore the gaps surrounding distributed agile and team performance which has been mentioned in the literature; hence, this was rarely co-related, and therefore, its probable impact was never explored in depth. In addition to this, the chapter highlights some key observations for the two selected maturity models and highlights its strength and weakness which seems to have been ignored by the organization while using the models. For this research, a large financial service company was examined as a case study. The chapter then concludes by drawing core practices to organizations having similar distributed agile software development model. In addition to this, the chapter also leaves open discussion points for the readers to think upon and question themselves on the way agile is being used within their organizations and how it contributes to working on digital systems and platforms.
Extraction Behavior of Trivalent Rare Earth Metal Ions with Diphosphonic Acid Type Extraction Reagent
Authors: Ohto Keisuke , Nakashima Shinpei , Tanaka Yudai , Morisada Shintaro , Kawakita Hidetaka , Oshima Tatsuya
Published: May 2021

Bis(phenyl hydrogen phosphonato)-1-hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethylheptane has been prepared to investigate extraction behavior of a series of trivalent rare earth metal ions. This diphosphonic acid extraction reagent exhibited high extraction ability to all ions examined, especially Sc ion. It did not exhibit apparent dependency in acid concentration, which corresponds to ion-exchange mechanism, probably due to extremely high extraction ability. Although the mutual separation of rare earths was difficult with this reagent, group separation of rare earths over divalent base metals can be accomplished. Compared with the extraction of base metals, it was found that this reagent with branched alkyl chain exhibited lower in extraction ability than diphosphonic acid with linear chain, bis(phenyl hydrogen phosphonato)-1-hydroxy-hexadecane.
Effect of Zeolite to Clay Ratios on the Formation of Zeolite-Clay-White Cement Composite Cylinder as an Encapsulant of Urea Fertilizer
Authors: Ishartono Bayu , Suyanta Suyanta , Kartini Indriana
Published: May 2021

Zeolite-clay-white cement composite cylinders have been prepared for the encapsulant of urea powder. The composites were made by mixing natural zeolite, clay, and white cement at certain ratios using a home-made cylinder mold. All processes were done at room temperature. The composites were characterized using infrared (IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated through compressive strength and water absorption capacity test. The infrared spectra showed functional groups at 3448 and 1636 cm–1, indicating the presence of calcium silicate hydrate as the main product of hydration and pozzolanic reactions in the composite. The XRD patterns also confirmed the presence of calcium silicate hydrate as tobermorite (d = 3.34, 3.22, 2.75, and 2.28 Å) and jennite (d = 4.50 Å). Increasing the natural zeolite ratio in the composite decreased the compressive strength but increased water absorption capacity. The composite cylinders are envisaged as the encapsulant of urea powder and act as a slow-release fertilizer.
The Correlation of the Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content on its Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Bamboo Leaf Extract
Authors: Arifani Erlina Nur , Santoso Umar , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: May 2021

The black bamboo leaves that have been widely used by the community for a long time are thought to have bioactive compounds. To find out more, it is necessary to evaluate the levels of phenolic compounds and flavonoids which are reported to function as antioxidants and antimicrobials. In addition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity tests also need to be carried out directly on black bamboo extracts from Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate the phenolic and flavonoid levels of a black bamboo leaf extract from Indonesia. Based on the research results, the total phenol content of the ethanol extract of bamboo leaves (Bambosa sp.) was 157.426 mg gallic acid extract (GAE)/g and the total flavonoid content was 19.406 mg equivalent to quercetin extract (QE)/g. The antioxidant activity using the DPPH method obtained IC50 of ethanol extract of bamboo leaves (Bambosa sp.) of 46.8672 μg/mL, and an IC50 BHT value of 9.5454 μg/mL. Based on these results, bamboo leaves (Bambosa sp.) have the potential to be developed as antioxidants and antimicrobials.
In Silico Prediction of Betulinic Acid Derivatives’ Cytotoxicity: Relationship between Topological Descriptors and CC50 Value
Authors: Arief Ihsanul , Pranowo Harno Dwi , Mudasir Mudasir , Wijaya Karna
Published: May 2021

Modeling of the relationship between structure and cytotoxicity has helped in the process of designing safer new drug compounds. In this study, modeling was carried out between the structures of 29 betulinic acid derivatives with their cytotoxicity. The modeling is done by using multiple linear regression (MLR) techniques. In the model, an equation is obtained by involving five descriptors and has statistical parameters as r2training of 0.776; Fcal/Ftab of 4.503; r2test of 0.985; r2m of 0.971. The five descriptors involved in the equation are TDB2e (3D topological distance-based autocorrelation-lag 2/weighted by Sanderson electronegativities), TDB9s (3D topological distance-based autocorrelation-lag 9/weighted by I-state), RDF50m (radial distribution function-050/weighted by relative mass), RDF140m (radial distribution function-140/weighted by relative mass), and RDF10s (radial distribution function-010/weighted by relative I-state). The equation could be used to design the new betulinic acid derivatives with lower predicted cytotoxicities regarding the coefficients of the descriptors. In this case, the new substituent is chosen to enhance the value of RDF140m and RDF10s, while also to make the value of TDB23, TDB9s, and RDF50m getting lower, so the CC50 value will rise (the compound become less toxic to the normal cell).