bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toward a Multivalent Synthetic Oligosaccharide-Based Conjugate Vaccine against Shigella: State-of-the-Art for a Monovalent Prototype and Challenges
Authors: Phalipon Armelle , Mulard Laurence A.
Published: March 2022

This review focuses on the molecular glycovaccine concept, a promising option to develop a Shigella glycoconjugate vaccine. Subsequent to original developments involving, as main vaccine component, the detoxified Shigella lipopolysaccharide randomly conjugated at multiple sites to a carrier protein, novelty stems from the use of rationally designed, well-defined chemically synthesized oligosaccharide haptens conceived as functional surrogates of the main surface antigen, linked via single-point attachment onto a carrier. The concept and design of such a fine-tuned Shigella glycovaccine are presented by way of SF2a-TT15, a neoglycoprotein featuring a synthetic 15-mer oligosaccharide, which constitutes an original vaccine prototype targeting Shigella flexneri 2a, one of the predominant circulating strains in endemic settings. The clinical testing of SF2a-TT15 is summarized with the first-in-human phase I trial in young healthy adults showing a good safety profile and tolerability, while inducing bactericidal antibodies towards S. flexneri 2a bacteria. The proof-of-concept of this novel approach being established, an ongoing phase IIa clinical study in the nine-month-old infant target population in endemic area was launched, which is also outlined. Lastly, some challenges to move forward this original approach toward a multivalent cost-effective Shigella synthetic glycan conjugate vaccine are introduced.
Optional Vaccines in Children—Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Romanian Parents
Authors: Miron Victor Daniel , Toma Andrei Răzvan , Filimon Claudiu , Bar Gabriela , Craiu Mihai
Published: March 2022

Vaccination is one of the most useful medical interventions for controlling certain infectious diseases. The aim of current research is to identify some of the drivers of vaccine hesitancy or acceptance in a rather skeptical European population by addressing parental perception on optional vaccination (OV) perception. Novel tools, delivered by social media, were used in our research attempt. A validated questionnaire was distributed online among parents. Parental knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of OV were analyzed. The majority of parent respondents (55.1%) showed very good knowledge about vaccination and vaccine-preventable diseases, and 76.0% stated that they had given at least one optional vaccine to at least one of their children. The most common optional vaccine administered was the rotavirus vaccine. The level of knowledge appeared to be related to compliance with OV. Concurrently, the rate of vaccine acceptance in the NIP (National Immunization Program) was not correlated with the level of parental knowledge. In total, a high percentage of parents (77.6%) believed that OV can bring an additional health safety benefit to their children. This study shows the need to involve the medical community in a steady dialogue with parents about OV. Raising awareness by presenting clear and understandable information could be a game-changing intervention in mitigating the public health impact of OV-preventable diseases.
Karst Lake’s Dynamics Analysis as a Tool for Aquifer Characterisation at Field Scale, Example of Cryptodepression—Red Lake in Croatia
Authors: Vrsalović Adrijana , Andrić Ivo , Buzjak Nenad , Bonacci Ognjen
Published: March 2022

This paper analyses complex hydrological and hydrogeological properties of a deep karstic lake and its surroundings. Red Lake (Croatia) is a cryptodepression in the karst massif rich in well-developed extreme surface karst forms and underground conduit system. It is interconnected with other close water bodies and offers information on groundwater movement and characteristics. The article analyses hourly data on precipitation and water levels in Red Lake and compares them with data on discharges from near Opačac Spring for a period of five years. Data gaps in the record caused by operational interruptions of the measuring equipment were compensated by the use of neural networks. The study of the hydrodynamics of karst surroundings under recession was conducted by observing the receding water levels and corresponding lake’s volumetry. By isolating recession periods from the record of integral water volume change, some of the common techniques in recession analysis were performed aiming to acquire new knowledge on the hydrogeological regime of the karst system at the field scale. Additionally, spectral analysis was used as another tool of karst system characterisation since it enables the signal decomposition in the frequency domain and detection of dominant flow processes.
Geochemistry of Thermal and Cold Mineral Water and Gases of the Tien Shan and the Pamir
Authors: Chelnokov Georgy , Lavrushin Vasily , Bragin Ivan , Abdullaev Abdulaziz , Aidarkozhina Altyn , Kharitonova Natalya
Published: March 2022

This study presents the first regional hydrogeochemical portrait of the mineral waters and associated gases of the Central Asia region, shaped by the Tien Shan and the Pamir. A geochemical survey of more than 50 fluid discharges from the Northern Tien Shan to the Pamir was carried out between 2018 and 2019. Isotopic (δD, δ18O, d15N2, d13CCO2, d13CCH4) and chemical data allow elucidating fluid genesis and general evolution in the continental collision zone. Geothermometric estimations as well as the content of the chemical components in waters (Cl, Li, B, Br) and gases (N2, CO2) suggest that the studied waters are not related to the presence of any active hydrothermal systems at shallow depth. Silica and cation geothermometers along with thermodynamic equilibrium calculations indicate that the temperature of unmixed deep fluids does not exceed 110 to 150 °C. The determination of d15N2 and d13CCO2 has revealed that the mantle genesis of gas flux matches with the areas of CO2-rich waters manifestations. The dislocation of mineral and thermal waters of Central Asia along the major regional tectonic structures is provided by topographically driven and well-developed long circulation of waters at the depth of 1 to 4 km.
Spatial and Time Variable Long Term Infiltration Rates of Green Infrastructure under Extreme Climate Conditions, Drought and Highly Intensive Rainfall
Authors: Boogaard Floris Cornelis
Published: March 2022

Swales are widely used Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SuDS) that can reduce peak flow, collect and retain water and improve groundwater recharge. Most previous research has focused on the unsaturated infiltration rates of swales without considering the variation in infiltration rates under extreme climate events, such as multiple stormwater events after a long drought period. Therefore, fieldwork was carried out to collect hydraulic data of three swales under drought conditions followed by high precipitation. For this simulation, a new full-scale infiltration method was used to simulate five rainfall events filling up the total storage volume of the swales under drought conditions. The results were then compared to earlier research under regular circumstances. The results of this study show that three swales situated in the same street show a variation in initial infiltration capacity of 1.6 to 11.9 m/d and show higher infiltration rates under drought conditions. The saturated infiltration rate is up to a factor 4 lower than the initial unsaturated rate with a minimal rate of 0.5 m/d, close to the minimum required infiltration rate. Significant spatial and time variable infiltration rates are also found at similar research locations with multiple green infrastructures in close range. If the unsaturated infiltration capacity is used as the design input for computer models, the infiltration capacity may be significantly overestimated. The innovative method and the results of this study should help stormwater managers to test, model, plan and schedule maintenance requirements with more confidence, so that they will continue to perform satisfactorily over their intended design lifespan.
Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Chromium (VI) Adsorption on Inert Biomasses of Dioscorea rotundata and Elaeis guineensis
Authors: Villabona-Ortíz Angel , González-Delgado Ángel , Tejada-Tovar Candelaria
Published: March 2022

Adsorption equilibrium and kinetics on lignocellulosic base adsorbents from oil palm bagasse (OPB) and yam peels (YP) were studied for the removal of hexavalent chromium present in aqueous solution, in a batch system, evaluating the effect of temperature, adsorbent dose and particle size on the process. Isotherms were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich isothermal models. Kinetic data were adjusted to the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and Elovich models. Thermodynamic parameters were estimated by the van’t Hoff method. From characterization of adsorbents, the presence of a porous surface typical of lignocellulosic materials was found, with hydroxyl, amine and carboxyl functional groups. It was also found that the highest adsorption capacity was obtained at 0.03 g of adsorbent, 55 °C and 0.5 mm, reporting an adsorption capacity of 325.88 and 159 mg/g using OPB and YP, respectively. The equilibrium of adsorption on OPB is described by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, while that of YP is described by Dubinin–Radushkevich’s model, indicating that the adsorption is given by the ion exchange between the active centers and the metallic ions. A maximum adsorption capacity was obtained of 63.83 mg/g with OPB and 59.16 mg/g using YP, according to the Langmuir model. A kinetic study demonstrated that equilibrium time was 200 min for both materials; kinetic data were described by pseudo-second-order and Elovich models, thus the mechanism of Cr (VI) adsorption onto the evaluated materials is dominated by a chemical reaction. The thermodynamic study determined that the elimination of YP is endothermic, irreversible and not spontaneous, while for OPB it is exothermic, spontaneous at low temperatures and irreversible.
Managing Technology Transfer Challenges in the Renewable Energy Sector within the European Union
Authors: Kulkarni Siddharth Suhas , Wang Lin , Venetsanos Demetrios
Published: March 2022

The use of fossil fuels to generate energy is often associated with serious negative effects on the environment. The greenhouse gas emissions resulting from burning these fuels destroy the ozone layer and lead to global warming. As a strategic approach to the solution of this problem, calls for research and development, as well as the implementation of technologies associated with renewable energy sources within the European Union (EU), have intensified in recent years. One of the keys to a successful outcome from this intensified effort is to identify the challenges associated with the transfer of both intellectual property and technology rights in the renewable energy sector within the EU. The present paper contributes towards this direction. Firstly, data from the literature were used to identify contemporary trends within the European Union with regards to technology transfer and intellectual property within the sector of renewable energy. Then, a statistical analysis utilising an ordinary least squares (OLS) model was conducted to establish a correlation between renewable energy innovations (research and development) and the level of investment associated with renewable energy technologies. Finally, this correlation, along with the associated challenges, was then critically explored for four of the most popular renewable energy sources (namely solar energy, biomass, wind energy, and marine renewable energy), and conclusions are reported.
Automated monitoring of flatness of solar array wings
Authors: MARININ Vladimir I. , ZHURIKHIN Sergey M. , KIREEV Denis M. , ANDREEV Dmitry S. , ANDREEVA Natalya A. , KOPYL Nikolay I. , SENKOVSKIY Aleksandr N. , ILYUSHENKOV Sergey F. , CHURKIN Sergey N.
Published: March 2022

This article discusses capabilities of a new special-purpose software-measuring system for monitoring flatness of solar array (SA) wings. The performance data and specifics of work are presented.
The specifics of measurement of SA wings flatness are described. The allowable deviations from flatness of SA wings of the science power module (SPM) as part of the International Space station are given.
The composition of the measuring complex is developed. The visual approach of making plans for testing methods and measurement techniques based on visual components is considered in detail. The elements from which the measurement plans are built are considered. Sample plans for verification procedures, methods of measuring flatness of the front and back wing surfaces are provided.
Basic requirements for processing of measurement results which are stored for compatibility with the old manual approach of measurements are specified.
Basic measurement processing algorithms for calculation of general and local wing out-of-flatness are provided.
Key words: SA wing, solar array wing, meter, component model, overview, general out-of-flatness, local out-of-flatness.
La vie agonistique xanthienne : nouvel apport épigraphique (deuxième partie)
Authors: Baker Patrick , Thériault Gaétan
Published: March 2022

Ce second article sur les concours xanthiens vient compléter le premier paru en 2014. Il concerne sept nouveaux documents relatifs à des concours, tantôt connus, tantôt inconnus. S’ajoute à l’ensemble de ces témoignages une course aux flambeaux appelée lampadouchia et mentionnée dans une inscription honorifique datable de la fin du IIe siècle p. C. Il pourrait s’agir de l’épreuve déjà attestée par une inscription découverte au sanctuaire du Létôon. Ces pages sont également l’occasion de conclure en quelque sorte sur les concours urbains de Xanthos en tirant parti de l’ensemble des textes pertinents publiés jusqu’à présent. Enfin, tous les documents agonistiques xanthiens connus permettent de poser la question des installations agonistiques xanthiennes, dont les vestiges restent à ce jour malheureusement peu documentés.
Eye Manifestations of Systemic Vasculitis
Authors: Кондратюк В.Е.
Published: March 2022

Системный васкулит (СВ) – редкая, угрожающая жизни и зрению патология. Обзор литературы посвящен офтальмопатиям при СВ. Представлены наиболее характерные как симптомы, так и поражения глаз с частотой их выявления при различных СВ. Глазной аппарат поражается чаще при болезни Бехчета, гранулематозе с полиангиитом, артериите Такаясу. Глазные манифестации могут быть первым симптомом ранее не выявленного СВ, позволяющим офтальмологу внести свой вклад в его диагностику. Склерит, кератит, увеит, передняя ишемическая оптическая нейропатия являются наиболее частыми глазными проявлениями; васкулит сетчатки, воспалительная инфильтрация орбитальной ткани – наиболее серьезными, угрожающими зрению манифестациями СВ. Учитывая увеличение лабораторных и инструментальных возможностей выявления офтальмологических маркеров СВ, улучшилась верификация данной патологии. Лечение СВ должно быть комплексным: сочетание местного и системного подходов. Риск ухудшения и потери зрения выше у пациентов, которым труднее вызвать ремиссию, и у пациентов с частыми рецидивами. Прогноз офтальмопатий при СВ зависит от локализации воспаления, типа, тяжести поражения глазных тканей и возможности применения иммунобиологической терапии. Использование анти-В-клеточной терапии или ингибиторов TNF-α в комбинации с глюкокортикостероидами улучшает прогноз при лечении СВ. Совместная работа офтальмологов и ревматологов детерминирует успех диагностики и лечения пациентов с СВ.

Systemic vasculitis (SV) is a rare, life- and eye- threatening pathology. A review of the literature is devoted to ophthalmopathies during SV. The most characteristic symptoms and eye lesions are presented with the frequency of their detection in various SV. Most often, the ocular apparatus is affected by Behcet’s disease, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Takayasu arteritis. Eye manifestations may be the first symptom of previously undetected SV, allowing the ophthalmologist to contribute to its diagnosis. Scleritis, keratitis, uveitis, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy are the most common ocular manifestations; retinal vasculitis, inflammatory orbital tissue infiltration are the most serious manifestations of SV that threaten vision. Considering the increase in laboratory and instrumental possibilities for identifying ophthalmic markers of SV, verification of this pathology has improved. Treatment of SV should be comprehensive: a combination of local and systemic approaches. The risk of deterioration and loss of vision is higher in patients who are more difficult to cause remission and with a large number of disease recurrences. The prognosis of ocular manifestations of SV depends on the localization of inflammation, the type, and severity of lesion to the eye tissues and the possibility of using immunobiological therapy. The use of anti-B cell therapy or TNF-α inhibitors in combination with glucocorticosteroids significantly improved the prognosis for SV treatment. The collaborative work of ophthalmologists and rheumatologists determines the success of the diagnosis and treatment of patients with SV.
Pre-Implantation Genetic Testing in Women with Idiopathic Recurrent Implantation Failure after In-Vitro Fertilization Programs
Authors: Жуковская С.В.мл. , Зверко Н.Л. , Жуковская С.В.
Published: March 2022

В статье представлены результаты предымплантационного генетического тестирования бластоцист с использованием метода секвенирования нового поколения (next-generation sequencing). Исследуемую выборку составили 83 женщины с идиопатическими рецидивирующими неудачами имплантации в ранее проведенных программах экстракорпорального оплодотворения. Отмечена высокая доля бластоцист с хромосомными аномалиями у женщин с идиопатическими рецидивирующими неудачами имплантации, при этом достоверно выше этот показатель среди возрастной группы 35 лет и старше в сравнении с пациентами в возрасте до 35 лет: 80% против 54,5% (χ2=5,98; p=0,01). Также установлено, что частота развития эмбрионов до стадии бластоцисты достоверно снижается с увеличением возраста пациенток: в группе женщин в возрасте 35 лет и более этот показатель в 1,5 раза ниже, чем в группе пациентов до 35 лет (25,7% против 38,8%; χ2=3,98; p=0,04). Выявлено, что наиболее часто встречающиеся хромосомные аномалии представлены единичными моносомиями, мозаицизмом, а также множественными анеуплоидиями.

The article presents the results of preimplantation genetic screening of blastocysts via next- generation sequencing. The research included 83 women with idiopathic recurrent implantation failure in previous in vitro fertilization protocols. We established that women with idiopathic recurrent implantation failure have a high rate of blastocysts with chromosomal abnormalities,especially in late reproductive period (35 years and over) in comparison with women younger than 35 years: 80% vs 54.5% (χ2=5.98; p=0.01). It was also noted that the rate of normal embryo development to blastocyst stage is 1.5 times lower in women aged 35 years and older (25.7% versus 38.8%; χ2=3.98; p=0.04). Most common chromosomal abnormalities in both groups include single monosomies, mosaicism, and multiple aneuploidies.
The Use of Magnesium Preparations in Obstetric Practice
Authors: Исламова Е.В. , Исламова А.О.
Published: March 2022

В статье рассматривается негативная роль дефицита магния у беременных. Предложены коррекция магниевой недостаточности пероральным препаратом Биолектра Магнезиум Фортиссимум и анализ эффективности применения этого препарата.

The article considers the negative role of magnesium deficiency in pregnant women. Correction of magnesium deficiency with the oral preparation of the Biolectric Magnesium Fortissumum and analysis of the effectiveness of this drug are proposed.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients with a Moderate COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Буйневич И.В. , Рузанов Д.Ю. , Давидовская Е.И. , Майсеенко В.И. , Сверж Ж.Е. , Кучун Е.А. , Шкурко И.Г. , Бочарова О.П. , Богуш Л.С.
Published: March 2022

К важным отличиям COVID-19 от других вирусных инфекций можно отнести поражение нижних дыхательных путей. Одним из наиболее тяжелых проявлений является коронавирусная пневмония. В большинстве случаев пневмонии протекают в нетяжелой форме. Изучены медицинские карты 78 пациентов пульмонологического отделения со среднетяжелыми пневмониями, вызванными инфекцией COVID-19. Преобладали люди среднего и старшего возраста. Развитие заболевания на фоне отягощенного преморбидного фона произошло у большинства пациентов. Особенностью новой коронавирусной инфекции является постепенное нарастание симптомов и ухудшение состояния в течение 7–10–14 дней от начала заболевания. Наиболее частыми жалобами были слабость, лихорадка, сухой кашель, одышка. Несмотря на большой объем поражения легких, гипоксемия наблюдалась только у половины пациентов. У всех пациентов был высокий уровень С-реактивного белка.

An important difference between COVID-19 and other viral infections is damage to the lower respiratory tract. One of the most severe manifestations is coronavirus pneumonia. In most cases, pneumonia is not severe. The medical histories of 78 patients of the pulmonary department with moderate pneumonia caused by COVID-19 infection were studied. Middle-aged and older people predominated. The development of the disease in aggravated premorbid background occurred in the majority of patients. A feature of the new coronavirus infection is a gradual increase of symptoms and worsening of the condition within 7–10–14 days from the onset of the disease. The most common complaints were weakness, fever, dry cough, and shortness of breath. Despite the large volume of lung damage, hypoxemia was observed in only half of the patients. All patients had high level of C-reactive protein.
Influence of Treatment-and-Prevention Complex on the Indicators of Respiratory Function in Patients with Bronchial Asthmaon the Background of Overweight or Obesity
Authors: Величко В.И. , Синенко В.И. , Лагода Д.А.
Published: March 2022

По данным ВОЗ, 235 млн человек в мире страдают БА. Астма является проблемой общественного здравоохранения не только в странах с высоким уровнем дохода, она встречается во всех странах независимо от уровня развития. Бактериальные и вирусные инфекции является отягощающим фактором БА, доказано, что у пациентов с БА отмечается недостаточность Th-1 иммунного ответа, проявляющаяся неспособностью организма противостоять инфекциям, которые в свою очередь вызывают обострения БА, и механизм запускается снова и снова. Среди диагностических исследований у пациентов с БА распространенным и наиболее информативным является исследование функции внешнего дыхания, а именно спирометрия. По данным антропометрических исследований было выявлено, что 75 пациентов имели ИзбМТ или ожирение (ИМТ 31,67±0,53) и 30 пациентов нормальные показатели индекса массы тела (НпИМТ) (ИМТ 22,67±0,33). Большинство пациентов, вошедших в наше исследование, имеют недостаточный контроль БА. Была установлена корреляционная связь между ИМТ и тяжестью течения БА по Пирсону (r=0,62), по Спирмену (ρ=0,59). Пациенты принимали лечебно-профилактический комплекс с включением бактериального лизата и инозина пронабекса, получили более контролируемое течение астмы и улучшили показатели спирографии.

According to the WHO, 235 million people worldwide suffer from asthma. Asthma is a public health problem not only in high-income countries: it occurs in all countries, regardless of the level of development. Bacterial and viral infections are the aggravating factor in the course of asthma; it has been proven that patients with asthma have a lack of Th-1 immune response, which is manifested by the body’s inability to resist infections, which in turn causes exacerbation of asthma. Among the diagnostic tests performed on patients with asthma, the most common and informative one isthe study of the function of external respiration, namely spirometry. According to anthropometric study, 75 patients were overweight or obese (BMI 31.67±0.53) and 30 patients had normal body mass index (BMI 22.67±0.33). Most patients included in our study do not have sufficient asthma control. The correlation was found between BMI and the severity of asthma, according to Pearson (r=0.62), according to Spearman (ρ=0.59). The patients who received the treatment-and-prevention complex with the inclusion of bacterial lysate and inosine pronabex acquired a more controlled course of asthma and improved spirography.
Structure of the Pool of Patients with Tuberculosison Symptomatic Treatment in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Климук Д.А. , Скрягина Е.М. , Дюсьмикеева М.И. , Данькова А.В. , Тышко М.А. , Ильясова Е.В. , Акулов В.В. , Скрягин А.Е.
Published: March 2022

На протяжении ряда лет количество пациентов с туберкулезом на симптоматическом лечении в Республике Беларусь оставалось стабильно высоким. Данные пациенты представляют повышенную эпидемическую опасность ввиду массивного бактериовыделения (наиболее часто при массивных деструктивных изменениях в легких), а также наличия у этих пациентов возбудителя туберкулеза с множественной и широкой лекарственной устойчивостью. Использование в терапии лекарственно-устойчивого туберкулеза новых противотуберкулезных лекарственных средств (бедаквилина – с июня 2015 г., деламанида – с июня 2016 г.) позволило сократить количество пациентов на симптоматическом лечении, которым ранее не представлялось возможным назначить эффективную схему терапии. В настоящее время контингент пациентов с туберкулезом на симптоматическом лечении формируется по двум основным причинам: из-за невозможности назначения противотуберкулезной терапии с использованием новых противотуберкулезных лекарственных средств по причине тяжелой сопутствующей патологии, а также по причине категорических отказов пациентов от лечения новыми противотуберкулезными лекарственными средствами.

For a number of years, the number of patients with tuberculosis on symptomatic treatment in the Republic of Belarus has remained steadily high. These patients pose an increased epidemic danger due to massive bacterial excretion (most often, with massive destructive changes in thelungs), as well as the presence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis agent in these patients. The use of new anti-tuberculosis drugs in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (bedaquiline – from June 2015, delamanid – from June 2016) let to reduce the number of patients on symptomatic treatment, for who it was previously impossible to prescribe an effective therapy regimen. Currently, the contingent of patients with tuberculosis on symptomatic treatment is formed for two main reasons: due to impossibility of prescribing anti-tuberculosis therapy using new anti-tuberculosis drugs because of severe concomitant pathology, and also because of the categorical refusal of patients from treatment with new anti-tuberculosis drugs.
Isolation and Identification of Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria and Diagnostics of Pulmonary Mycobacteriosis in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Суркова Л.К. , Залуцкая О.М. , Скрягина Е.М. , Николенко Е.Н. , Яцкевич Н.В. , Стринович А.Л. , Шаламовский В.В. , Давидовская Е.И. , Богуш Л.С.
Published: March 2022

Нетуберкулезные микобактерии (НТМ) широко распространены в окружающей среде и могут вызвать патологию, называемую микобактериозом. Заболевания органов дыхания, вызываемые НТМ, характеризуются сходными с туберкулезом клинико-рентгенологическими проявлениями и требуют отличного от туберкулеза лечения, которое основано на применении комбинации антибактериальных препаратов широкого спектра действия и противотуберкулезных лекарственных средств. Лечение микобактериозов требует точной видовой идентификации НТМ и определения лекарственной чувствительности к антибактериальным препаратам. В статье представлены данные микробиологического мониторинга распространения и видового разнообразия НТМ в Республике Беларусь за периоды 2014–2017 гг. и 2018–2019 гг. Среди выделенных культур НТМ преобладали медленнорастущие (86,0 и 89,28% в 2014–2017 гг. и 2018–2019 гг. соответственно). Наиболее распространенными видами НТМ за указанные периоды остаются M. avium (40,96 и 45,46% соответственно) и M. avium complex (50,29 и 56,87% соответственно). В последние годы возросла частота выделения таких видов НТМ, как M. gordonae, M. xenopi, M. kansasii, увеличилась частота выделения смешанных культур, в том числе культур комплекса M. tuberculosis и НТМ. Молекулярная диагностика с использованием GenoType Mycobacterium CM характеризуется достаточно высокой дискриминирующей способностью видовой идентификации НТМ (81,55%).

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTMs) are widespread in the environment and can cause the pathology called mycobacteriosis. Respiratory diseases caused by NTM are characterized byclinical and X-ray manifestations similar to tuberculosis; and they require treatment different from tuberculosis, which is based on the use of combination of broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs and anti-tuberculous drugs.The treatment of mycobacteriosis requires accurate identification of NTM species and determination of drug sensitivity to antibacterial drugs. The article presents the data of microbiological monitoring of the distribution and species diversity of NTMs in the Republic of Belarus for the periods 2014- 2017 and 2018-2019. The prevalence of slowly growing NTMs was revealed (86.0 and 89.28%, respectively). M. avium (40.96 and 45.46%, respectively) and M. avium complex (50.29 and 56.87%, respectively) remain the most common for these periods. In recent years, the frequency of isolation of M. gordonae, M. xenopi, M. kansasii has increased as well as isolation of the increased excretion of mixed cultures, including cultures of M. tuberculosis complex and NTM. Molecular diagnostics using GenoType Mycobacterium CM is characterized by a fairly high discriminatory ability of the species identification of NTMs (81.55%).
Assessment of Structural Changes in the Great Saphenous Vein Wall under the Influence of Room Temperature Polydocanol Foam and the Chilled On
Authors: Шестак Н.Г. , Янушко В.А. , Рогов Ю.И. , Климчук И.П.
Published: March 2022

Цель исследования: оценить особенности структурных изменений в стенке большой подкожной вены под влиянием 3%-й пены полидоканола разной температуры.Материалы и методы. Материалом исследования послужили фрагменты вен, забранные мини-инвазивным хирургическим путем после воздействия 3%-й пеной полидоканола комнатной температуры и охлажденной.Результаты. Показатели глубины повреждения стенки вены и процент отсутствия эндотелия после воздействия охлажденной пены полидоканола составили 276,9 (197,8; 297,8) µm и 79,3 (76,9; 80,4) % соответственно, в сравнении с пеной комнатной температуры – 166,3 (136,1;187,4) µm и 40,1 (36,3;42,25) %.Выводы. Охлажденная пена полидоканола оказывает более выраженное повреждающее действие на стенку вены в сравнении с пеной комнатной температуры.

Purpose. To evaluate the structural changes in the great saphenous vein wall under the influence of 3% polydocanol foam of different temperatures.Methods. The research is based on morphological evaluation of vein fragments that were removed with minimally invasive technique after sclerotherapy with the room temperature 3% polydocanol foam and the chilled one.Results. The depth of the venous wall damage and the percentage of endothelial cell loss after exposure to the chilled foam were 276.9 (197.8; 297.8) µm and 79.3 (76.9; 80.4) %. The similarparameters after the exposure to the room temperature foam were 166.3 (136.1; 187.4) µm and 40.1 (36.3; 42.25) %, respectively.Conclusion. The chilled polydocanol foam has a more pronounced damaging effect on the vein wall in comparison with the room temperature foam.
Oncological Service of Tajikistan: State, Problems and Prospects
Authors: Сангинов Д.Р. , Хусейнов З.Х. , Хусейнов И.Н.
Published: March 2022

В статье проанализировано современное состояние онкологической службы Республики Таджикистан. Изучены и представлены результаты реализации национальной программы борьбы против рака, раскрыты нерешенные проблемы. Обращено внимание на недостаточную работу первичного звена здравоохранения, недостаточное технологическое оснащение региональных учреждений. Изложены пути улучшения работы онкологической службы и перспективы ее развития с акцентом на профилактическую ее направленность и улучшение ранней диагностики.

The article analyzes the current state of the oncological service of the Republic of Tajikistan. The results of the implementation of the national cancer control program were studied and presented, unresolved problems were revealed. Attention is drawn to the insufficient work of the primary health care, insufficient technological equipment of regional institutions. The ways of improving the work of the oncological service and the prospects for its development with an emphasis on its preventive focus and improving early diagnosis are outlined.
Social and Psychological Dimension of Disability: the Strategy of Creation of Equal Opportunities
Authors: Оверчук В.А. , Кушнир Ю.В.
Published: March 2022

Статья посвящена изучению социально-психологических проблем инвалидов в контексте изучения механизмов интеграции лиц с инвалидностью в социум, путей создания равных возможностей для инвалидов. Рассматривается создание оптимальных условий для раскрытия компенсаторных возможностей, эффективной адаптации и социализации. Психологический аспект инвалидности отражает как личностно-психологическую ориентацию самого инвалида, так и эмоционально-психологическое восприятие проблемы инвалидности в обществе. Кроме того, в значительной степени социальная незащищенность лиц с инвалидностью связана с наличием психологического фактора, формирующего их отношение к обществу, и затрудняет адекватный контакт с ним. В статье рассмотрены психологические проблемы людей с инвалидностью, которые препятствуют нормальным отношениям с окружающими, негативно сказываются на работоспособности, в общем мировосприятии и усиливают социальные ограничения. Решая основные социальные проблемы инвалидов, а именно: повышение социального статуса, улучшение материального положения,профессиональной востребованности и т. д., специалистам необходимо учитывать вышеуказанные личностные психологические проблемы.

The article is devoted to the study of social and psychological problems of persons with disabilities, which is important not only in itself, but also in the context of studying the mechanisms of integration of persons with disabilities into society, the ways of creating equal opportunities for persons with disabilities in order to create the optimal conditions for disclosure of compensatory opportunities, effective adaptation and socialization. The psychological aspect of disability reflects both the personality-psychological orientation of the disabled person themselves and the emotional and psychological perception of the disability problem by society. Besides, in the most cases, the social insecurity of persons with disabilities is related to the presence of a psychological factor, which shapes their attitude to society and complicates the adequate contact with it. Thus, the considered psychological problems of persons with disabilities prevent from the normal relations with others, adversely affect the ability to work, increase their social limitations. Solving the main social problems of the disabled (such as improvement of social status, improvement of financial position, professional demand, etc.), the specialists need to take into account the above-mentioned personal psychological problems.
Prevention of Recurrence of Genital Endometriosis in the Postpartum Period
Authors: Гутикова Л.В. , Павловская М.А.
Published: March 2022

Обследовано 60 женщин после родов с наличием клинически выраженного генитального эндометриоза до настоящей беременности. Профилактика рецидивирования генитального эндометриоза проведена у 30 женщин путем применения прогестагенного контрацептива Лактинет, содержащего 75 мг дезогестрела. Доказано, что ежедневный прием препарата в течение 12 месяцев после родов позволяет эффективно обеспечить контрацепцию в послеродовом периоде, в том числе на фоне кормления грудью без отрицательного эффекта на лактацию, длительно сохранять состояние ановуляции, предотвратить рецидив и возникновение новых очагов эндометриоза, избежать необходимости назначения гормональных препаратов с высоким содержанием прогестагенов.

Thestudyincluded 60 womenafterchildbirthwiththepresenceofclinicallysignificantendometriosis prior to this pregnancy. Prevention of recurrent genital endometriosis was performed in 30 women by using the progestogenic contraceptive Lactinette containing 75 mg of desogestrel. It has been proven that daily use of the drug for 12 months after delivery can effectively provide contraception in the postpartum period, including the period of nursing without a negative impact on breast- feeding without a negative effect on lactation, maintain the state of anovulation for a long time, prevent recurrence of the disease and the occurrence of new foci of endometriosis, avoid the need to prescribe hormonal drugs with a high content of progestogens.
Modern Approaches to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Галашевская А.А. , Почкайло А.С.
Published: March 2022

Детский церебральный паралич является одной из наиболее частых причин развития вторичного остеопороза у детей. Пациенты с детским церебральным параличом, начиная с ранних этапов развития, подвержены влиянию множества факторов риска, ведущих к снижению минеральной плотности костной ткани. Выявление и оценка этих факторов необходимы как для прогнозирования развития остеопороза и связанных с ним переломов, так и для определения контингента лиц, нуждающихся в дополнительном обследовании и назначении лечебно-профилактических мероприятий. Здоровое питание и коррекция его нарушений, повышение физической активности, адекватная обеспеченность кальцием и витамином D позволяют снизить риск развития или прогрессирование остеопороза и улучшить качество жизни детей с детским церебральным параличом. Лечение вторичного остеопороза включает ослабление влияния факторов риска, коррекцию дефицита кальция и витамина D, обоснованное применение лекарственных средств, снижающих риск переломов, включая бисфосфонаты.В статье представлены современные подходы к профилактике и лечению нарушений костной минерализации и остеопороза у детей с детским церебральным параличом.

Cerebral palsy is the most prevalent childhood condition associated with the development of secondary osteoporosis. Patients with cerebral palsy, from the early stages of development, are influenced by multiple risk factors that lead to decrease in bone mineral density. The identification and assessment of these factors are necessary both for predicting the development of osteoporosis and associated fractures and for determination of the contingent of people in need for additional examination and prescribing therapeutic and prophylactic measures. Healthy nutrition and correction of its disorders, increased physical activity, adequate supply of calcium and vitamin D can reduce the risk of development or progression of osteoporosis and improve the quality of life of children with cerebral palsy. Treatment of secondary osteoporosis includes mitigating risk factors, correcting calcium and vitamin D deficiencies, and use of drugs that reduce the risk of fractures, including bisphosphonates.The article presents modern approaches to the prevention and treatment of bone mineralization disorders and osteoporosis in children with cerebral palsy.
Kızılcahamam Soğuksu Milli Parkı’nda Tespit Edilmiş Endemik Bitkiler
Authors: EYÜBOĞLU Ömer
Published: March 2022

Bu araştırma Kızılcahamam Soğuksu Milli Parkının Florasını kapsamaktadır. Araştırma alanında toplanan 1064 bitki örneğinin değerlendirilmesi ile 74 familya, 276 cins, 474 tür, 4 alt tür, 3 varyete tespit edilmiştir. Toplam takson sayısı 481’dir. 49 tür Türkiye için endemiktir. Flora kayıtları ile ve daha sonraki yayınlara göre Ülkemizdeki endemik bitki sayısı 3000 civarında olup bunların bütün bitkilere oranı %33’tür. Türkiye endemik bitkilerin zenginliği açısında dünyanın önemli ülkelerinden birisidir. Mevcut flora ve faunayı korumanın en önemli yöntemi; Milli Park ve Tabiatı Koruma Alanlarının sayısını arttırmaktır. Çünkü aşırı otlatma, tarla açma, çarpık kentleşme, turizm, erozyon vb. nedenlerle birçok endemik bitkilerimiz yok olma tehlikesi ile karşı karşıyadır. Kızılcahamam Soğuksu Milli Parkı’ n da tespit edilen endemik bitkiler ülkemiz için Endemik bitkilerdir. Bu çalışma ile listesi oluşturulan endemik bitkiler ileride ülkemiz için oluşturulacak endemik bitki haritasına katkı sağlayacaktır.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK, PERSEPSI DAN HARGA TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PADA SERVICE POINT ORIFLAME 1774 SEKAYU
Authors: Mindari Ellisyah
Published: March 2022

Konsumen dalam memutuskan suatu pembelian dipengaruhi oleh kesempurnaan produk dan persepsi positif nilai produk yang menentukan harga produk. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan guna mengkaji pengaruh kualitas produk, persepsi dan harga terhadap keputusan pembelian pada Service Point Oriflame 1774 Sekayu, baik secara simultan maupun parsial. Penelitian kuantitatif metode survey ini, rumusan masalahnya asosiatif berbentuk hubungan kausal/sebab akibat. Populasi penelitian tidak diketahui jumlahnya. Sampel mempedomani saran Roscoe dalam analisis multivariate, sehingga sampelnya sebanyak 60 responden dengan teknik pengambilan sampel insidental. Data diuji validitas, reliabilitas, analisis regresi ganda, koefisien determinan, uji serentak dan uji parsial dengan bantuan IBM SPSS Statistic 24. Diperoleh persamaan regresi ganda: Y=28,869+0,445x1–0,212x2+0,134x3. Nilai koefisien determinan 0,393 artinya y mampu dijabarkan oleh x1, x2 dan x3 sebesar 39,3%, sisanya 60,7% dijelaskan faktor yang lain. Didapat Fhitung (12,090) Ftabel (2,769) dan nilai signifikansi 0,000 α(0,05) yang bermakna ada pengaruh signifikan x1, x2 dan x3 terhadap y secara simultan. Kualitas produk memiliki thitung (5,118) ttabel (2,001), maknanya ada pengaruh parsial x1 terhadap y dan nilai Sig. t=0,000α(0,05) bermakna ada pengaruh signifikan x1 terhadap y. Persepsi memperoleh nilai sig. t=0,038α(0,05) bermakna x2 berpengaruh signifikan terhadap y. Harga mendapat thitung (1,376) ttabel (2,001) artinya tidak terdapat pengaruh parsial x3 terhadap y dan nilai Sig. t=0,174α(0,05) berarti tidak berpengaruh signifikan x3 terhadap y.
ADVOKASI DAN BIMBINGAN PRANIKAH TENTANG KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI BAGI CALON PENGANTIN
Authors: Susanti Susanti , Octamelia Mega , Prastyo Yogho
Published: March 2022

Konseling pranikah adalah layanan pemberian bantuan yang dapat diberikan kepada individu sebelum melangsungkan pernikahan. Konseling pranikah dalam masalah kesehatan dan seks mendiskusikan mengenai fisiologi reproduksi manusia, perencanaan keluarga serta nilai – nilai emosional penting dalam berhubungan seksual. Aspek medis seringkali diabaikan dalam perencanaan pernikahan. Padahal pemeriksaan kesehatan pranikah diperlukan untuk menjaga keharmonisan rumah tangga. Tujuan dari kegiatan bimbingan pranikah tentang kesehatan reproduksi adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman kepada calon pengantin tentang kesehatan reproduksi dan ruang lingkupnya. Upaya edukasi atau pemberian infomasi mengenai kesehatan reproduksi dilakukan melalui bimbingan dengan metode edukatif yang dapat memberikan gambaran umum dan spesifik mengenai kesehatan reproduksi, mempersiapkan  calon pengantin dalam melaksanakan kehidupan rumah tangga yang sehat dan sejahtera. Kegiatan bimbingan dan edukasi diberikan dengan metode ceramah tanya jawab (CTJ) dengan materi seputar kesehatan reproduksi dan ruang lingkupnya selama 2 jam. Materi disampaikan menggunakan media powerpoint presentasi yang mencakup materi konsep kesehatan reproduksi, ruang lingkup kespro, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, kehamilan, persalinan, nifas dan menyusui, Keluarga Berencana, Infertilitas, dan Penyakit Menular Seksual. Penyampaian materi kesehatan reproduksi diberikan kepada 22 orang calon pengantin dengan memberikan edukasi dan bimbingan pranikah tentang kesehatan reproduksi dapat diterima dengan baik oleh peserta bimbingan.
Penerapan Metode Drill Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Ginanjar Ani Yanti , Nugraha Fajar , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan metode Drill di kelas II SDN 01 Cintarasa, kemampuan membaca siswa di SDN 01 Cintarasa dan peningkatan kemampuan membaca siswa kelas II dengan penerapan metode Drill. Desain penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Pre-Experimental Design jenis One Group Pretest Posttest Design, yaitu dengan mengadakan pretest-posttest, sehingga hasil pembelajaran dapat diketahui dengan membandingkan keadaan sebelum diberi perlakuan. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah Penerapan Metode Drill (X) dan Peningkatan Kemampuan Membaca (Y). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SDN 01 Cintarasa kelas II yang berjumlah 30 orang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, tes (Pretest dan Posttest) dan Lembar observasi siswa. Teknis analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis Kuantitatif Eksperimen. Hasil analisis statistika eksperimen menunjukan: (1) rata-rata keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dengan menerapkan metode Drill dari hasil observasi menunjukan angka rata-rata 83,63% dengan kategori baik sekali, (2) rata -rata hasil kemampuan awal siswa (pretest) yaitu 63,11. Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa (postest yaitu 82,00. (3) peningkatan kemampuan membaca dengan menerapkan metode Drill dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh thitung sebesar 25,43 dan ttabel yang di uji dengan uji dua pihak dengan db = 58,00 ? = 0,01 sebesar 2,66 maka thitung berada di luar daerah penerimaan H0. Sehingga dapat dinyatakan bahwa kemampuan membaca siswa pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan penerapan metode Drill lebih baik dari pada sebelum menerapkan metode Drill.
Soft Skills as a Professional Platform in the Processes of Adaptation of Healthcare Workers to Crisis Situations
Authors: Platonova TA , Golubkova AA , Smirnova SS , Shakhova KV
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Hospital employees have become one of the main risk groups for the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In extreme conditions of the pandemic and over a short period of time, healthcare professionals were forced to repurpose their work, learn a significant amount of new information, and acquire novel professional competencies. Yet, the importance of supra-professional skills and competencies (so-called “soft skills”) for their job should not be underestimated, especially in crisis situations.
Objective: To establish the role of soft skills in the adaptation of medical workers to severe conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and methods: We conducted an anonymous questionnaire-based survey of 638 hospital workers on the basis of the Google platform. The form containing two built-in scales was specially developed by the authors to assess the level of emotional intelligence (EQ) and adaptability of hospital employees under crisis conditions.
Results: We found that most employees (78.7 %) had a moderate EQ level, while 13.0 % and 8.3 % had high and low EQ levels, respectively. We established that 100 % of the respondents with low EQ and 76.5 % of the respondents with moderate EQ had
low adaptability; in the rest 23.5 % of the employees with moderate EQ, the level of adaptability was assessed as medium. Individuals with high EQ demonstrated medium (53.0 %) and high (44.6 %) levels of adaptability to the situation and only 2.4 % found it difficult to adapt to rapid changes. The estimated Spearman’s correlation coefficient of 0.43 (p < 0.001) showed a moderate strength of correlation between the EQ level and adaptability.
Conclusions: Highly developed soft skills contribute to better adaptation of employees to the new reality. Under current conditions, HR managers shall concentrate on introducing soft skills development training for healthcare professionals.