bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermoelectric transport in holographic quantum matter under shear strain
Authors: Ji Teng , Li Li , Sun Hao-Tian
Published: November 2022

We study thermoelectric transport under shear strain in two spatial dimensional quantum matter using the holographic duality. General analytic formulae for the DC thermoelectric conductivities subjected to finite shear strain are obtained in terms of black hole horizon data. Off-diagonal terms in the conductivity matrix also appear at zero magnetic field, resembling an emergent electronic nematicity, which cannot nevertheless be identified with the presence of an anomalous Hall effect. For an explicit model study, we numerically construct a family of strained black holes and obtain the corresponding nonlinear stress–strain curves. We then compute all electric, thermoelectric, and thermal conductivities and discuss the effects of strain. While the shear elastic deformation does not affect the temperature dependence of thermoelectric and thermal conductivities quantitatively, it can strongly change the behavior of the electric conductivity. For both shear hardening and softening cases, we find a clear metal-insulator transition driven by the shear deformation. Moreover, the violation of the previously conjectured thermal conductivity bound is observed for large shear deformation.
Characteristic of mass movement in Riam Kanan watershed, Indonesia
Authors: Arisanty D , Hastuti K P , Saputra A N , Muhaimin M , Setiawan F A
Published: November 2022

Mass movement occurred in upstream in Riam Kanan Watershed due to this area is part of Meratus Mountain. The objective of study is to analyse the vulnerability class of mass movement in the upstream of Riam Kanan Watershed and to analyse the characteristics of the mass movement in the upstream of Riam Kanan Watershed based aspects of morphology and morphogenesis. This study used the survey method, to determine the vulnerability class mass movement using slope maps and vegetation density map. Aspects of morphology and morphogenesis are used to determine the characteristics of mass movement. Aspects of morphology are slope of hill. Aspects of morphogenesis includes soil depth and rock weathering. The research area is dominated by medium and high vulnerability classes i.e. 54,804.47 Ha and 36,546.04 Ha. The mass movement type in the landform of weak eroded of denudation hills, metamorphic rock material (D1) is rotational landslides and rock fall. Rotational landslide has the characteristic of slope > 25°, the soil thickness ranges from 1-2 m and occurring of rock weathering. Rock fall has the characteristic of slope > 45°, about 30 cm of soil thickness, low vegetation density, further weathering.
Impact of the rob flood disaster in north pekalongan
Authors: Riyatmoko A , Sanjoto T B , Juhadi
Published: November 2022

The tidal flood that hit Pekalongan City had an impact on the surrounding areas. Pekalongan Utara sub-district is the sub-district that has had the worst impact when compared to other sub-districts. There are seven urban villages affected by the tidal flood disaster. This study aims to analyze the impact of the tidal flood disaster that occurred in North Pekalongan District. Data collection techniques using observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis using descriptive qualitative. The results of this study indicate that the impact of the tidal flood disaster that occurred in North Pekalongan District was both direct and indirect. The direct impact of the tidal floods that occurred included damage to parts of houses, furniture, school buildings, school furniture, vehicles, and the vulnerability of public health due to tidal flooding. Meanwhile, the indirect impact caused by the tidal flood disaster that occurred was disruption of the social and economic life of the community in North Pekalongan District.
Geochemistry characteristics of the hungayono geothermal area for the development of clean energy in gorontalo province
Authors: Tolodo D D , Manyoe I N , Arifin Y I
Published: November 2022

Geothermal energy has great potential to provide clean energy so that the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) can be achieved. The purpose of this study was to identify the geochemical characteristics of the geothermal fluid in the Hungayono area. Geothermal fluid sampling is performed at two points of manifestation which have the highest temperature. The cation and anion testing of geothermal fluid using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) and isotope testing using the Picarro Water Isotope Analyzer. Data analysis using Giggenbach diagrams. Hot spring temperatures are 54 - 60°C. The deposits at the point of manifestation are iron oxide with neutral fluid pH. Based on the results of the analysis of cations, anions, and isotopes, the Hungayono geothermal fluid is a type of chloride fluid that has been mixed with meteoric water. Based on the geothermometer calculation, reservoir temperature is 232-234°C. Hungayono Geothermal is a type of system with moderate to high concentration.
The suitability of mangrove tourism in the district of cilamaya wetan, karawang regency, west java province
Authors: Kurniawansyah A , Tjiong G P , Nurul R
Published: November 2022

The study was conducted in the District of Cilamaya Wetan, Karawang Regency, West Java Province from November to December 2019. The purpose of this study was to analyze the suitability of mangrove tourism. Based on the results in the field, the mangrove ecosystem of the District of Cilamaya Wetan has an average thickness of 114.62 m, consisting of 4 types of mangroves namely Rizhophora stylosa, Rizhophora apiculata, Rizhophora muncronata, Avicennia alba, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, and Sonneratia with an average density of 19 tree/100 m2 based on 10x10 meter sample transect and plot method. While the biota is associated with this mangrove ecosystem, namely Gobiidae, Portunus pelagicus, Mycteria cinerea, and Solenoceridae. Based on the suitability assessment of mangrove tourism, this district has 2 classifications, which are appropriate and conditionally appropriate. The appropriate classification is found in Sukakerta Village, Muara Baru Village, and Muara Village, while the conditional classification is found in Rawagempol Kulon Village.
Environmental efforts through “lembur kaulinan lebaksiuh”
Authors: Nugraha D M , Hadianto D , Hadian V A , Budiyanti N
Published: November 2022

Environmental damage occurred in the Bandung area resulting from the development of settlements that are less concerned about preserving the environment. The environmental damage that occurred resulting in a flash flood disaster in 2018 that resulted in the area surrounding the Cicaheum suffered. To mitigate environmental damage the awareness of the various circles is committed to maintaining the environment. This research is to study and analyze the efforts undertaken by the people of Lebaksiuh Village, Ciburial Village, District Cimenyan, Bandung Regency in protecting the environment through the program “Lembur Kaulinan Lebaksiuh”. Approach in research conducted using qualitative approach and case study method by conducting an in-depth interview of manager Lembur Kaulinan Lebaksiuh. The results of the research obtained that Lembur Kaulinan Lebaksiuh has a program that gives awareness to the community to have the character of the environment by doing the planting of palm trees on the Cidurian River on the bank so that there is no flood in the rainy season and preserving “Seke Air” so that there is no shortage of clean water in the dry season. The conclusion of this research is that the program conducted by Lembur Kaulinan Lebaksiuh has shown efforts to protect the environment by giving awareness to the community to care about the environment. Lembur Kaulinan Lebaksiuh Program needs to be followed by the community or other villages to keep the environment together.
Transformation of public space utilization by online motorcycle taxi
Authors: Fauzia W , Setiadi H , Rizqihandari N
Published: November 2022

This study aims to see the transformation of the use of public space by online motorcycle taxi. The use of technology in the concept of online motorcycle taxi makes it different from earlier concept of conventional ojek. Therefore, online motorcycle taxi does not have a designated place to wait for service requests. It makes online motorcycle taxi to make use of pre-existing public spaces as their places to wait or seek for service requests. This case can be seen on one of the main roads in South Jakarta, named St. Prof. DR. Satrio, which is one of the roads included in the revitalization program by the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government to become a pedestrian public space. This research uses qualitative method with ethnographic approach which data collection process consisted of participatory observation and direct interviews with onsite online motorcycle taxi drivers. The results show the transformation in functional form, which was changed from a green open space as a road divider into pelican sidewalk and public recreation areas. However, the purpose of revitalization is not in line with real condition where the space is used on by certain community (online motorcycle taxi drivers) that do not have designated places.
Physical vulnerability analysis of cultural heritage for strong winds in the city of yogyakarta, indonesia
Authors: Christianawati A , Hizbaron D R
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to analyse which variable (s) had the most contribution to the vulnerability of strong winds in Yogyakarta. Strong winds are the second-largest disaster in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The city has at least five cultural heritage regions, including Kotabaru, Kotagede, Malioboro, Pakualaman, and Kraton. It employed Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE) to process 11 variables, i.e. age, height, and physical condition of the building, landmark, spatial design/architectural style, roads, regional effect, shape of the region, building density, also built-up land patterns. These ten variables processed by scoring and cluster sampling Meanwhile, the remaining variable, hazard, analysed using scoring. The results were two types of vulnerability scenarios. (1) The Equal Vulnerability Scenario (2) The Vulnerability Scenarios used research variables that were grouped into three levels of spatial patterns, namely, Spatial Pattern I (landmark, road, and the physical condition of the building), Spatial Pattern II (regional effect, building density, and hazard), and Spatial Pattern III (built-up land pattern, building age, building height, architectural style, and the shape of the region). All scenarios proved that CHR Kotagede was extremely vulnerable. This strong pattern determines hazard as the most contribution variable, since the similarities to Equal, Building Density, and Regional Effect.
Ecological design of Taman Merdeka as an alternative to the development of Depok city green open space
Authors: Afzelia PN , Gunawan A
Published: November 2022

Taman Merdeka, Depok City, is an urban park that has experienced degradation in terms of quality, both functionally and aesthetically. This declining condition causes less satisfactory use of this park, even though this park is a way for the government to provide an area that functions as a recreational area for urban citizens. The current condition of the park, with its original concept no longer visible, needs a touch of comprehensive design that can solve the problems that exist on the site. This study aims to ecologically design Taman Merdeka so that it meets the needs of park users and is environmentally friendly. The method used in this study is a descriptive method through field survey and interview. The schematic design is developed based on the traditional Depok Batik pattern that features the city's iconic fruit, that is star fruit and then transformed into elements and landscape spaces. The principles of ecological design are implemented through green infrastructure for water management, conservation of existing vegetation, upcycling center for waste management, and the use of environmentally friendly materials. The design is developed in detail in all areas including the welcome area, sports courts, playground, plaza, bioswales, stormwater wet pond, food court, upcycling center, sitting area, elevated walkway, amphitheater, lawn, and promenade.
Asymmetric dynamics of the orbital angular momentum of vector beam propagation in nonlocal nonlinear media with

-symmetric azimuthal potentials
Authors: Deng Yubin , Huang Kekai , Lin Jun , Sun Zhaoxu , Ye Weiyong , Huang Shihong , Zhang Wu , Zhang Bingzhi
Published: November 2022

We study the dynamics of vector beams (VBs) propagating in nonlocal nonlinear media with

-symmetric azimuthal potentials. It is found that there is an apparent clockwise/counterclockwise symmetry (similar to left/right symmetry) breaking for the sub-beam with the opposite value of orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the VB. This symmetry breaking leads to the obvious asymmetric evolution of OAM, which results in net OAM generation. We numerically confirm that this phenomenon is induced by the

-symmetric azimuthal potential.
Aluminum and alumina/MoS2/cellulose derivative composite: design and performance
Authors: Shi Shih-Chen , Pek Shia-Seng , Lin Yue-Feng
Published: November 2022

Nanoparticles were added to improve the tribological performance of the biopolymer-based composite films. Aluminum and alumina were used as additives. The matrix of the composite was MoS2/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). The ternary additive/MoS2/HPMC hybrid composites were successfully prepared via solvent evaporation. The surface morphology, thickness, microstructure, and wear scars were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction was used to analyze the crystal structures of the nanoparticles in the composite films. Finally, a wear test was conducted to determine the tribology behavior and was discussed using the third-body theory. Because of the high surface-area-to-volume ratio of the additives, nanoparticles were exposed and densely distributed on the composite surface. Disclosed nanoparticles caused peaks and valleys and showed more significant undulations, prompting a highly rough surface. The addition of nanoparticles enhanced the load capacity of the composite films by 155%. In the meantime, nanoparticle additives significantly reduced the coefficient of friction by 50% and improved anti-wear performance by five times. The nanoparticles in the wear scar exhibited an excellent third-body mechanism during the wear process, coordinating the velocity accommodation mode between the two rubbing surfaces and the transfer load.
Using nanomaterials to enhance the additive manufacturing of polymeric resins
Authors: Crowley Ava G , Tran Thang Q , Green Micah J
Published: November 2022

Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, also called 3D printing, have dramatically developed over the past decade to allow new capabilities in materials processing with printed resolution comparable to that of traditional manufacturing techniques. Sequential layer deposition can lead to the creation of complex parts with minimized material waste, high manufacturing throughput, and increased prototyping ability, while also meeting the demand for mid- and low-volume production. The AM of polymer nanocomposites is a growing area of research because nanomaterial additives can enhance the mechanical, electrical, and other properties for end-use applications. However, the use of nanomaterial inclusions can also enhance the AM processes themselves. Here, we discuss works where nanomaterials are employed as local heaters for fused deposition modeling, as viscosifiers for direct ink writing, and as photothermal sensitizers for selective laser sintering and vat polymerization. We also note the disconnect between the researched AM capabilities and current industrial manufacturing; nanomaterials can bridge the technological gap and lead to new common practices in industrial manufacturing spaces.
Machine learning approach for screening alloy surfaces for stability in catalytic reaction conditions
Authors: Sulley Gloria A , Hamm Jihun , Montemore Matthew M
Published: November 2022

A catalytic surface should be stable under reaction conditions to be effective. However, it takes significant effort to screen many surfaces for their stability, as this requires intensive quantum chemical calculations. To more efficiently estimate stability, we provide a general and data-efficient machine learning (ML) approach to accurately and efficiently predict the surface energies of metal alloy surfaces. Our ML approach introduces an element-centered fingerprint (ECFP) which was used as a vector representation for fitting models for predicting surface formation energies. The ECFP is significantly more accurate than several existing feature sets when applied to dilute alloy surfaces and is competitive with existing feature sets when applied to bulk alloy surfaces or gas-phase molecules. Models using the ECFP as input can be quite general, as we created models with good accuracy over a broad set of bimetallic surfaces including most d-block metals, even with relatively small datasets. For example, using the ECFP, we developed a kernel ridge regression ML model which is able to predict the surface energies of alloys of diverse metal combinations with a mean absolute error of 0.017 eV atom−1. Combining this model with an existing model for predicting adsorption energies, we estimated segregation trends of 596 single-atom alloys (SAAs)with and without CO adsorbed on these surfaces. As a simple test of the approach, we identify specific cases where CO does not induce segregation in these SAAs.
Development of large-scale electret fabrication system for triboelectric nanogenerator electrical output amplification
Authors: Jang Sunmin , Cho Sumin , Lee Donghan , Ra Yoonsang , Kam Dongik , Lee Jaehyun , Lee Gyuha , La Moonwoo , Choi Dongwhi
Published: November 2022

The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), which converts mechanical energy to electrical output, is garnering attention owing to their application in low-energy electronic devices as a power source. To utilize the TENG as a power source, amplifying the electrical output and enhancing energy conversion efficiency are necessary. As the TENG generates electrical output through contact electrification and electrostatic charge induction, the electrical output can be amplified by enhancing the two mechanisms through the enlargement of the TENG area and the adoption of the pre-charge injected film (electret). In this regard, the fabrication of the large-scale electret is significant for amplifying the electrical output of the TENG. In this study, a corona charging system is proposed for the fabrication of the large-scale electret with a uniform charge-distributed area. Corona charging injects O2 ions into a dielectric film with an electric field generated between the pin electrode and ground electrode (GE). Through the utilization of a multi-PE (MPE) and conveyor belt-shaped GE (CBsGE) in the corona charging system, the O2 molecules near the pins can be ionized simultaneously while the CBsGE is rotating. Thus, the O2 ions can be injected uniformly into a wide area. About a voltage of 400 V and current of 45 μA can be generated by applying the fabricated electret to the TENG. As several electrets with various sizes can be fabricated simultaneously, the TENG with high electrical output can be batch fabricated to enhance its practicality significantly.
Self-powered hybrid triboelectric–piezoelectric electronic skin based on P(VDF-TrFE) electrospun nanofibers for artificial sensory system
Authors: Cho Sumin , Jang Sunmin , Lee Donghan , Ra Yoonsang , Kam Dongik , Kim Jong Woo , Shin Dongjin , Seo Kyoung Duck , Choi Dongwhi
Published: November 2022

Piezoelectric sensors have been developed due to the self-powered sensing and flexibility and the promising potential applications in the electronic skin (e-skin) inspired by human skin. However, although the piezoelectric sensors have an excellent performance in detecting human movements, it is difficult to distinguish external mechanical stimuli such as tapping in a single structure, together. Here, we suggest a self-powered e-skin based on electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene), nanofiber hybrid triboelectric–piezoelectric sensor (E-HTPS), that can identify between human motions and external touch based on both triboelectric effect and piezoelectric effect. Triboelectric effect-based sensors have a good electrical output characteristic with various advantages of high-flexibility and simple working operation. Hence, the E-HTPS consists of two layers, triboelectric layer as a tactile sensor and piezoelectric layer as a human motion sensor. Therefore, we demonstrate that the E-HTPS can detect human movements and even finger touch with attached to the target body part. Consequently, the E-HTPS could provide an effective approach to designing the self-powered e-skin as an artificial sensory system for healthcare monitoring and soft robotics.
Bandwidth tunable vibration energy harvester based on hybrid triboelectric-piezoelectric array
Authors: Naval Sourav , Beigh Nadeem Tariq , Jain Ankesh , Mallick Dhiman
Published: November 2022

In this work, we present a highly effective and scalable design strategy of a triboelectric-piezoelectric hybrid array of three cantilever beams stacked over each other (wideband operation regime), which can also be rotated around their mean position to vibrate freely without impacting any other layer (narrowband operation regime). Contrary to a unique frequency response exhibited by conventional devices, the proposed device can switch between narrowband and wideband frequency responses around different central frequencies. This work elaborately discusses the frequency response of mechanical stopper-based PEG and TEGs at varying gap lengths, excitations, and resonant frequencies, and the design of the hybrid array is optimized based on it. The performance of this device is characterized using simulation analysis and experimental validation. Experimentally, the device generates net power greater than 0.3 μW (Piezoelectric) and 0.4 μW (Triboelectric) continually between the frequencies of 30 to 60 Hz in the wideband operation regime and output power of 0.81 μW, 0.65 μW, and 0.62 μW at 27,36 and 45 Hz in the narrowband operation regime under mechanical excitation of 0.75g. The remarkable performance of the device at different frequency ranges demonstrates its potential in various harvesting and sensing applications.
The trimmed mean in non-parametric regression function estimation
Authors: Dhar Subhra , Jha Prashant , Rakshit Prabrisha
Published: November 2022

This article studies a trimmed version of the Nadaraya–Watson estimator for the unknown non-parametric regression function. The characterization of the estimator through the minimization problem is established, and its pointwise asymptotic distribution is derived. The robustness property of the proposed estimator is also studied through the breakdown point. Moreover, similar to the trimmed mean in the location model, and for a wide range of trimming proportion, the proposed estimator possesses good efficiency and high breakdown point, which is out of the ordinary properties for any estimator. Furthermore, the usefulness of the proposed estimator is shown for two benchmark real data and various simulated data.
On the other LIL for variables without finite variance
Authors: Pakshirajan R. , Sreehari M.
Published: November 2022

In this paper we give a simpler proof of Jain’s [Z. Wahrsch. Verw. Gebiete 59 (1982), no. 1, 117–138] result concerning the Other Law of the Iterated Logarithm for partial sums of a class of independent and identically distributed random variables with infinite variance but in the domain of attraction of a normal law. Jain’s result is less restrictive than ours but depends heavily on the techniques of Donsker and Varadhan in the theory of Large deviations. Our proof involves elementary properties of slowly varying functions. We assume that the distribution of random variables

X
n

X_n

satisfies the condition that

lim

x
→
∞

log
⁡
H
(
x
)

(
log
⁡
x

)
δ

=
0

\lim _{ x\rightarrow \infty } \frac {\log H(x)}{(\log x)^\delta } = 0

for some

0
>
δ
>
1

/

2

0 >\delta > 1/2

, where
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper H left-parenthesis x right-parenthesis equals sans-serif upper E left-parenthesis upper X 1 squared upper I left-parenthesis StartAbsoluteValue upper X 1 EndAbsoluteValue less-than-or-equal-to x right-parenthesis right-parenthesis">

H
(
x
)
=

E

(

X
1
2

I
(

|

X
1

|

≤
x
)
)

H(x)=\mathsf E\left (X_1^2 I(|X_1|\le x)\right )

is a slowly varying function. The condition above is not very restrictive.
Peripheral Neuropathy and Vision and Hearing Impairment in US Adults With and Without Diabetes
Authors: Hicks Caitlin W , Wang Dan , Lin Frank R , Reed Nicholas , Windham B Gwen , Selvin Elizabeth
Published: November 2022

We aimed to assess the associations of peripheral neuropathy (PN) with vision and hearing impairment among adults aged ≥40 years who attended the lower-extremity disease exam for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (United States, 1999–2004). Overall, 11.8% (standard error (SE), 0.5) of adults had diabetes, 13.2% (SE, 0.5) had PN (26.6% (SE, 1.4) with diabetes, 11.4% (SE, 0.5) without diabetes), 1.6% (SE, 0.1) had vision impairment, and 15.4% (SE, 1.1) had hearing impairment. The prevalence of vision impairment was 3.89% (95% CI: 2.99, 5.05) among adults with PN and 1.29% (95% CI: 1.04, 1.60) among adults without PN (P < 0.001). After adjustment, PN was associated with vision impairment overall (odds ratio (OR) = 1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 2.13) and among adults without diabetes (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.17, 2.77) but not among adults with diabetes (P for interaction = 0.018). The prevalence of hearing impairment was 26.5% (95% CI: 20.4, 33.7) among adults with PN and 14.2% (95% CI: 12.4, 16.3) among adults without PN (P < 0.001). The association of PN with moderate/severe hearing impairment was significant overall (OR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.40, 4.64) and among adults without diabetes (OR = 3.26, 95% CI: 1.80, 5.91). Overall, these findings suggest an association between peripheral and audiovisual sensory impairment that is unrelated to diabetes.
Brain region-specific synaptic function of FUS underlies the FTLD-linked behavioural disinhibition
Authors: Wang Jun-Ying , Ma Guo-Ming , Tang Xiao-Qiang , Shi Qi-Li , Yu Ming-Can , Lou Min-Min , He Kai-Wen , Wang Wen-Yuan
Published: November 2022

Synaptic dysfunction is one of the earliest pathological processes that contribute to the development of many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. However, the synaptic function of many disease-causative genes and their contribution to the pathogenesis of the related diseases remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the synaptic role of fused in sarcoma, an RNA-binding protein linked to frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and its potential pathological role in frontotemporal lobar degeneration using pyramidal neuron-specific conditional knockout mice (FuscKO). We found that FUS regulates the expression of many genes associated with synaptic function in a hippocampal subregion-specific manner, concomitant with the frontotemporal lobar degeneration-linked behavioural disinhibition. Electrophysiological study and molecular pathway analyses further reveal that fused in sarcoma differentially regulates synaptic and neuronal properties in the ventral hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex, respectively. Moreover, fused in sarcoma selectively modulates the ventral hippocampus–prefrontal cortex projection, which is known to mediate the anxiety-like behaviour. Our findings unveil the brain region- and synapse-specific role of fused in sarcoma, whose impairment might lead to the emotional symptoms associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
Reduced grid-like theta modulation in schizophrenia
Authors: Convertino Laura , Bush Daniel , Zheng Fanfan , Adams Rick A , Burgess Neil
Published: November 2022

The hippocampal formation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, with patients showing impairments in spatial and relational cognition, structural changes in entorhinal cortex and reduced theta coherence with medial prefrontal cortex. Both the entorhinal cortex and medial prefrontal cortex exhibit a 6-fold (or ‘hexadirectional’) modulation of neural activity during virtual navigation that is indicative of grid cell populations and associated with accurate spatial navigation.

Here, we examined whether these grid-like patterns are disrupted in schizophrenia. We asked 17 participants with diagnoses of schizophrenia and 23 controls (matched for age, sex and IQ) to perform a virtual reality spatial navigation task during magnetoencephalography.

The control group showed stronger 4–10 Hz theta power during movement onset, as well as hexadirectional modulation of theta band oscillatory activity in the right entorhinal cortex whose directional stability across trials correlated with navigational accuracy. This hexadirectional modulation was absent in schizophrenia patients, with a significant difference between groups.

These results suggest that impairments in spatial and relational cognition associated with schizophrenia may arise from disrupted grid firing patterns in entorhinal cortex.
Advertising and the consumer in the age of Big Tech: a new moment in the evolution of monopoly capitalism?
Authors: Bailey David , Coffey Dan , Thornley Carole , Tomlinson Philip R
Published: November 2022

The monopoly capitalism literature has traditionally approached advertising from the vantage point of its role in sustaining the economic order. However, digitalised forms of advertising in contexts dominated by giant digital platform technology companies like Google, Facebook and Amazon are disrupting the existing order through a combination of subsidy and location effects, shored up by the capabilities of the new technology for real-time data collection on users. This poses significant challenges for theory and policy. In both respects the case is made for rehabilitating the earlier approach of Nicholas Kaldor, which emphasises both heterogeneity of advertising forms and questions of subsidy, to complement the dominant approaches of the monopoly capitalism school as exemplified by Paul Baran and Paul Sweezy on one side, and Keith Cowling on the other.
Free Factors and Profinite Completions
Authors: Garrido Alejandra , Jaikin-Zapirain Andrei
Published: November 2022

Can one detect free products of groups via their profinite completions? We answer positively among virtually free groups. More precisely, we prove that a subgroup of a finitely generated virtually free group $G$ is a free factor if and only if its closure in the profinite completion of $G$ is a profinite free factor. This generalises results by Parzanchevski and Puder for free groups that were later also proved by Wilton. Our methods are entirely different to theirs, combining homological properties of profinite groups and the decomposition theory of Dicks and Dunwoody.
Epitope mapping of a blood–brain barrier crossing antibody targeting the cysteine-rich region of IGF1R using hydrogen-exchange mass spectrometry enabled by electrochemical reduction
Authors: Sheff Joey , Kelly John , Foss Mary , Brunette Eric , Kemmerich Kristin , van Faassen Henk , Raphael Shalini , Hussack Greg , Comamala Gerard , Rand Kasper , Stanimirovic Danica B
Published: November 2022

Pathologies of the central nervous system impact a significant portion of our population, and the delivery of therapeutics for effective treatment is challenging. The insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) has emerged as a target for receptor-mediated transcytosis, a process by which antibodies are shuttled across the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Here, we describe the biophysical characterization of VHH-IR4, a BBB-crossing single-domain antibody (sdAb). Binding was confirmed by isothermal titration calorimetry and an epitope was highlighted by surface plasmon resonance that does not overlap with the IGF-1 binding site or other known BBB-crossing sdAbs. The epitope was mapped with a combination of linear peptide scanning and hydrogen–deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS). IGF1R is large and heavily disulphide bonded, and comprehensive HDX analysis was achieved only through the use of online electrochemical reduction coupled with a multiprotease approach, which identified an epitope for VHH-IR4 within the cysteine-rich region (CRR) of IGF1R spanning residues W244-G265. This is the first report of an sdAb binding the CRR. We show that VHH-IR4 inhibits ligand induced auto-phosphorylation of IGF1R and that this effect is mediated by downstream conformational effects. Our results will guide the selection of antibodies with improved trafficking and optimized IGF1R binding characteristics.
The spectra of quasi-Boolean algebras
Authors: Lv Yajie , Chen Wenjuan
Published: November 2022

In the present paper, we introduce the notions of quasi-Boolean algebras as the generalization of Boolean algebras. First we discuss the related properties of quasi-Boolean algebras. Second we define filters of quasi-Boolean algebras and investigate some properties of filters in quasi-Boolean algebras. We also show that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the set of filters and the set of filter congruences on a quasi-Boolean algebra. Then we investigate the prime filters and maximal filters of quasi-Boolean algebras, showing that the prime filters of a quasi-Boolean algebra are precisely the maximal filters and the prime spectrum of a quasi-Boolean algebra is a compact Hausdorff topological space. Finally, we define and study the reticulation of a quasi-Boolean algebra.
Jasmonate-regulated root growth inhibition and root hair elongation
Authors: Han Xiao , Kui Mengyi , He Kunrong , Yang Milian , Du Jiancan , Jiang Yanjuan , Hu Yanru
Published: November 2022

The phytohormone jasmonate is an essential endogenous signal in the regulation of multiple plant processes for environmental adaptation, such as primary root growth inhibition and root hair elongation. Perception of environmental stresses promotes the accumulation of jasmonate, which is sensed by the CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1)–JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN (JAZ) co-receptor, triggering the degradation of JAZ repressors and induction of transcriptional reprogramming. The basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) subgroup IIIe transcription factors MYC2, MYC3, and MYC4 are the most extensively characterized JAZ-binding factors and together stimulate jasmonate-signaled primary root growth inhibition. Conversely, the bHLH subgroup IIId transcription factors (i.e. bHLH3 and bHLH17) physically associate with JAZ proteins and suppress jasmonate-induced root growth inhibition. For root hair development, JAZ proteins interact with and inhibit ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 6 (RHD6) and RHD6 LIKE1 (RSL1) transcription factors to modulate jasmonate-enhanced root hair elongation. Moreover, jasmonate also interacts with other signaling pathways (such as ethylene and auxin) to regulate primary root growth and/or root hair elongation. Here, we review recent progress into jasmonate-mediated primary root growth and root hair development.
IRS 31 14 in Vela C: Observations of wind driven turbulence
Authors: Saul M
Published: November 2022

We report three millimeter line observations of young stellar object (YSO) cluster IRAS 08563−4225 in the Vela C molecular cloud, detecting outflow aligned with an unidentified 2MASS infrared emission maximum. Emission features such as velocity dispersion ridges converging on intermediate mass Class I protostar IRS 31 14 indicate cluster wind driven turbulence, a scenario supported within an evolutionary framework derived from a range of star-forming regions. Prestellar–pre-main-sequence evolution is regulated by internal core turbulence and tracked on a Δ(σ2)–log ma diagram in four stages: disc formation, wind generation, outflow collimation, and birthline emergence, where ma  = $\dot{M}_{\text{acc}}\, t_{\mathrm{out}}$ is a mass parameter given by $\dot{M}_{\text{acc}}$, the accretion rate and tout, the outflow dynamical time, and Δ(σ2)  = log ($\frac{\sigma ^2_{\mathrm{outer}}}{\sigma ^2_{\mathrm{inner}}}$) with σinner, the inner and σouter, the outer core velocity dispersion. A turnover in Δ(σ2) indicates the generation of supersonic turbulence in star-forming regions with inner core collapse; in sets of low, intermediate, and high mass protostellar regions, a negative turbulent index at  = $\frac{\text{d}{\Delta }\sigma ^2}{\text{dlog}m_a}$ corresponds to increasing age. Inner core collapse driven turbulence may apply at kiloparsec scales with turbulence amplification in a series of interacting YSO cluster cores in different evolutionary stages.
relensing: Reconstructing the mass profile of galaxy clusters from gravitational lensing
Authors: Torres-Ballesteros Daniel A , Castañeda Leonardo
Published: November 2022

In this work we present relensing, a package written in python whose goal is to model galaxy clusters from gravitational lensing. With relensing we extend the amount of software available, which provides the scientific community with a wide range of models that help us to compare and therefore validate the physical results that rely on them. We implement a free-form approach which computes the gravitational deflection potential on an adaptive irregular grid, from which one can characterize the cluster and its properties as a gravitational lens. Here, we use two alternative penalty functions to constrain strong lensing. We apply relensing to two toy models, in order to explore under which conditions one can get a better performance in the reconstruction. We find that by applying a smoothing to the deflection potential, we are able to increase the capability of this approach to recover the shape and size of the mass profile of galaxy clusters, as well as its magnification map. This translates into a better estimation of the critical and caustic curves. The power that the smoothing provides is also tested on the simulated clusters Ares and Hera, for which we get an rms on the lens plane of $\sim 0.17\, {\rm arcsec}$ and $\sim 0.16\, {\rm arcsec}$, respectively. Our results represent an improvement with respect to reconstructions that were carried out with methods of the same nature as relensing. In its current state, relensing is available upon request.
PhotoRedshift-MML: A multimodal machine learning method for estimating photometric redshifts of quasars
Authors: Hong Shuxin , Zou Zhiqiang , Luo A-Li , Kong Xiao , Yang Wenyu , Chen Yanli
Published: November 2022

We propose a Multimodal Machine Learning method for estimating the Photometric Redshifts of quasars (PhotoRedshift-MML for short), which has long been the subject of many investigations. Our method includes two main models, i.e. the feature transformation model by multimodal representation learning, and the photometric redshift estimation model by multimodal transfer learning. The prediction accuracy of the photometric redshift was significantly improved owing to the large amount of information offered by the generated spectral features learned from photometric data via the MML. A total of 415 930 quasars from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 17, with redshifts between 1 and 5, were screened for our experiments. We used |Δz| = |(zphot − zspec)/(1 + zspec)| to evaluate the redshift prediction and demonstrated a $4.04{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ increase in accuracy. With the help of the generated spectral features, the proportion of data with |Δz| < 0.1 can reach $84.45{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the total test samples, whereas it reaches $80.41{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ for single-modal photometric data. Moreover, the Root Mean Square (RMS) of |Δz| is shown to decrease from 0.1332 to 0.1235. Our method has the potential to be generalized to other astronomical data analyses such as galaxy classification and redshift prediction.
Effects of the environment on the multiplicity properties of stars in the STARFORGE simulations
Authors: Guszejnov Dávid , Raju Aman N , Offner Stella S R , Grudić Michael Y , Faucher-Giguère Claude-André , Hopkins Philip F , Rosen Anna L
Published: November 2022

Most observed stars are part of a multiple star system, but the formation of such systems and the role of environment and various physical processes is still poorly understood. We present a suite of radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of star-forming molecular clouds from the STARFORGE project that include stellar feedback with varied initial surface density, magnetic fields, level of turbulence, metallicity, interstellar radiation field, simulation geometry and turbulent driving. In our fiducial cloud, the raw simulation data reproduces the observed multiplicity fractions for Solar-type and higher mass stars, similar to previous works. However, after correcting for observational incompleteness the simulation underpredicts these values. The discrepancy is likely due to the lack of disc fragmentation, as the simulation only resolves multiples that form either through capture or core fragmentation. The raw mass distribution of companions is consistent with randomly drawing from the initial mass function for the companions of $\gt 1\, \mathrm{M}_{\rm \odot }$ stars. However, accounting for observational incompleteness produces a flatter distribution similar to observations. We show that stellar multiplicity changes as the cloud evolves and anticorrelates with stellar density. This relationship also explains most multiplicity variations between runs, i.e. variations in the initial conditions that increase stellar density (increased surface density, reduced turbulence) also act to decrease multiplicity. While other parameters, such as metallicity, interstellar radiation, and geometry significantly affect the star formation history or the IMF, varying them produces no clear trend in stellar multiplicity properties.
Comparing the Epidemiology and Health Burden of Lyme Disease and Babesiosis Hospitalizations in the United States
Authors: Bloch Evan M , Zhu Xianming , Krause Peter J , Patel Eshan U , Grabowski M Kate , Goel Ruchika , Auwaerter Paul G , Tobian Aaron A R
Published: November 2022

Background

Lyme disease (LD) and babesiosis are increasing in the United States. We sought to characterize and compare their epidemiology and health burden using a nationally representative sample of hospitalizations.

Methods

Data were extracted from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) pertaining to LD and babesiosis for 2018 and 2019. The NIS is a comprehensive database of all-payer inpatient hospitalizations, representing a stratified systematic random sample of discharges from US hospitals. Patient demographics, clinical outcomes, and admission costs were evaluated, in addition to hospital-level variables (eg, location/teaching status and census division). Annual incidence of hospitalizations was calculated using US Census Bureau data.

Results

The annual incidence of hospitalizations of LD-related and babesiosis-related hospitalizations were 6.98 and 2.03 per 1 000 000 persons/year. Of the 4585 LD hospitalizations in 2018–2019, 60.9% were among male patients, 85.3% were White, and 39.0% were ≥60 years. Of the 1330 babesiosis hospitalizations in 2018–2019, 72.2% were among male patients, 78.9% were White, and 74.1% were ≥60 years; 70.0% of LD and 91.7% of babesiosis hospitalizations occurred in Middle Atlantic or New England. Lower disease severity was noted in 81.8% of LD hospitalizations compared with 49.3% of babesiosis hospitalizations, whereas those suffering from high severity were 2.3% and 6.0%, respectively. The mean hospital charges for LD and babesiosis hospitalizations were $33 440.8 and $40 689.8, respectively.

Conclusions

Despite overlap between the 2 diseases, LD has a broader geographic range and a greater number of hospital admissions, whereas babesiosis is more severe, incurring longer hospital stays, higher inpatient costs, and deaths.
Long-term Evaluation of Residual Viremia in a Clinical Trial of Dolutegravir Plus Lamivudine as Maintenance Treatment for Participants With and Without Prior Lamivudine Resistance
Authors: De Miguel Buckley Rosa , Rial-Crestelo David , Montejano Rocío , Pinto Adriana , Jimenez-Gonzalez María , Lagarde Maria , Esteban-Cantos Andrés , Aranguren-Rivas Paula , Cadiñanos Julen , Bisbal Otilia , Castro Juan Miguel , Santacreu-Guerrero Mireia , Bermejo-Plaza Laura , Moreno Victoria , Hernando Asunción , Martín-Carbonero Luz , Rubio Rafael , Delgado Rafael , Arribas José Ramón , Pulido Federico ,   for the Antiretroviral Treatment Guided by Proviral Genotype (ART-PRO) Study Group
Published: November 2022

In this pilot clinical trial, we evaluated rates of residual replication in persons without lamivudine resistance-associated mutations in proviral DNA population sequencing who switched to dolutegravir plus lamivudine. After 144 weeks, there was no signal of changes in residual viremia based on qualitative detection methods, irrespective of past lamivudine resistance.

Clinical Trials Registration. NCT03539224.
Religious Neutrality at Europe’s Highest Courts: Shifting Strategies
Authors: Hunter-Henin Myriam
Published: November 2022

This article demonstrates that recent manifestations of religious neutrality in the case-law of Europe’s highest courts amount to ‘shifting strategies’, which prompt systematic and excessive judicial restraint from European supranational courts. It argues that these shifting strategies end up (wrongly) framing the visibility of religion as the problem to be solved. It suggests an alternative approach, under which neutrality would only have a derivative and conditional value, to be established and assessed by European courts. The role of European courts would then no longer be to display (allegedly neutral) judicial restraint but to provide a democratic forum in which equality and liberty interests may be constantly confronted and revisited as new contestations emerge.
Impact of Convalescent Plasma Therapy in Hospitalized Patients With Severe COVID-19
Authors: Walsh Thomas L. , Shively Nathan R. , Carr Dustin R. , Bremmer Derek N. , Hoffmann Chas , Jacobs Max W. , Santelices Linda , Anderson Michael , Rutman Sarah , Wilson Nicole , Thomas Aaron , Schorr Rebecca , Hobart Emily , Kosoglow Molly , Ogbebor Osakpolor , Moffa Matthew A.
Published: November 2022

Background

Convalescent plasma (CP) is often administered to hospitalized patients with COVID-19, but the impact on clinical outcomes has varied across different patient populations.

Methods

A retrospective, propensity score–matched controlled study was conducted to compare outcomes of hospitalized patients with nonmechanically ventilated severe COVID-19 who received CP within 36 hours of hospital admission with those who did not receive CP during their hospitalization. A combination of propensity score matching and Mahalanobis distance matching was used.

Results

One hundred forty-three patients were originally in the treatment group, and 94 were able to be matched to control patients who did not receive CP during their hospital stay. Receipt of early CP was not associated with significant differences in clinical outcomes. Overall 30-day mortality was 12.8% in the CP group and 14.9% in the non-CP group (P = 0.67). No significant differences were observed between the early CP group and the non-CP group for 30-day readmissions (12.8% vs 9.6%; P = 0.47), subsequent transfer to an intensive care unit (2.1% vs 2.1%; P = 1.0), and subsequent progression to noninvasive ventilation after 36 hours from admission (12.8% vs 5.3%; P = 0.07). Receipt of early CP was associated with increased need for mechanical ventilation after 36 hours from admission (12.8% vs 3.2%; P = 0.013).

Conclusions

Receipt of early CP for hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 but not requiring mechanical ventilation was not associated with improvements in clinical status or mortality compared with matched patients who did not receive CP.