bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intuition oder Evolution?
Authors: Schmitz Dagmar , Bauer Axel W.
Published: June 2023

Common morality is a central concept in both the medical ethics of Beauchamp and Childress as well as the Evolutionary Ethics advanced by Wilson and Richards. However, the latter merely describes the evolutionary origin of moral judgments but fails to establish why they are normative. The former on the other hand must claim that moral judgments are somehow objective in order to explain why they are normative. In contrast, the authors favour a model in which the coherence (Beauchamp & Childress), and thus the normative force of moral judgments is established through an intersubjective process of clarification and explication, albeit that such a process can never reach an end/Evolutionary Ethics).
Naturwissenschaftliche und (arzt-)rechtliche Grundlagen der Präimplantationsdiagnostik
Authors: Nawroth Frank , Ludwig Michael , Mallmann Peter , Diedrich Klaus
Published: June 2023

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) has led, since its first applications, to controversial, not always objective discussions concerning a possible licensure in strongly indicative, isolated cases of serious genetically determined diseases in Germany. T he intention of this paper is to portray the scientific-medical bases and problems, and to comment on the present legal situation in Germany. lt will, amongst other things, simultaneously comment not only on possible sources of error of the PG D, but also on the potential for misuse. lt will furthermore pose the question as to whether or not couples with a high risk of inheriting the corresponding diseases in Germany should be denied prevention of repeated induced abortions, or, respectively, must bear the likely premature death of their born children as a matter of fate.
Ein gesundes Kind um jeden Preis?
Authors: Schockenhoff Eberhard
Published: June 2023

This article evaluates the various arguments in favour of a restricted use of PG D in certain cases with the aim of judging the moral acceptability of PGD as a whole. In particular, it asks: whether PGD is no more than an earlier application of prenatal diagnosis; whether there is a danger that the restriction to certain cases will weaken in the future; whether, as the Embryo Protecction Act demandss, only non-totipotent cells are used in PGD; whether and how PGD strengthens the parent’s freedom of choice; whether the duty to prevent human suffering is a reason to employ PGD; and whether the sceptical attitude against PGD leads researchers into a moral dilemma.
Die Herausforderung des Fremden: Testfall der therapeutischen Beziehung
Authors: Illhardt Franz Josef
Published: June 2023

The experience of strangeness calls for 1) identity, 2) tolerance and liberality 3) the ability to accept things, and 4) a realism in understanding. In other words, we need what is strange as something that is totally different; in a very real (not just an ethical) sense it is necessary for our Jives. What matters then is how we plan to cope with this situation. The validity of our own moral rules and the universal ethos of helping is put into question. Demographic developments make this challenge a real one: the number of people from foreign cultures, their special states of illness, and the change of the old »nation« paradigm. Understanding the foreign patient means to empathise with his/her concrete difficulties in reaching a decision outside customary environment that could support it. Therefore we need to detail the rule of empathy and develop the insight that the strange is a part of ourselves.
Streit um die Menschenwürde
Authors: Werner Micha H.
Published: June 2023

Tue obligation to respect and protect human dignity plays an important role in current debates about medical ethics. But it does not always seem clear, which conclusions have to be drawn from this obligation. Therefore it is sometimes suggested, that the notion of human dignity is not clearly definable or that it is even an empty notion. This suspicion is agwavated by the assumption that any attempt to justify that norm fails by naturalistic fallacy. Tue article tries to show that the concept of human dignity has quite its own content. It argues that serious disputes over the interpretation of the norm of human dignity merely arise in limited areas of discussion and only for certain, explainable reasons. Tue reproach of naturalistic fallacy can also be rejected if it is possible to justify the norm of human dignity within the framework of transcendental philosophy (like discourse ethics). The obligation to respect and protect human dignity is neither unfounded nor empty; it contains no ready-made solutions for all ethical problems, however.
Erfahrungen mit der Einrichtung eines Ethikkomitees in einem konfessionellen Krankenhaus
Authors: Schaefer Klaus
Published: June 2023

At the bedside and in the health care system ethical competence is becoming more and more important. Tue hospital ethics committee, which through case studies enables training in the ethical aspects of patient care, and the ethics consultation, which is used for more complicated decisions, make a limited contribution to the development of an understanding for ethical problems and morally justified decision making. Since 1995 the St. Joseph's Hospital in Berlin has also organised further education courses and other activities designed to develop the specific ethical competence and self-image of its staff.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ГЕЙМІФІКАЦІЇ ПІД ЧАС ПРОВЕДЕННЯ ПРАКТИЧНИХ ЗАНЯТЬ З ДИСЦИПЛІНИ «МЕДИЧНА БІОХІМІЯ»
Authors: Постернак Наталія , Токменко Інна , Яніцька Леся
Published: June 2023

Ідея впровадження елементів гри (гейміфікація) в освітній процес закладів вищої освіти мала на меті підвищення мотивації здобувачів освіти та залучення їх до навчання та самоосвіти. Використання елементів гейміфікації та ігрового середовища в неігровому контексті, тобто в освітньому процесі, передбачає підвищення ефективності навчання здобувачів освіти, стимулювання співпраці між учасниками освітнього процесу, розвитку навичок критичного мислення тощо. Варто зазначити, що гейміфікація має бути збалансованою та враховувати особливості дисципліни, потреб здобувачів освіти та рівень володіння предметом вивчення. Гейміфікація освітнього процесу передбачає розробку цікавого та змістовного контенту, використання інтерактивних прийомів навчання та індивідуального підходу до здобувачів освіти.
У дослідженні презентовано результати перевірки використання елементів гейміфікації освітнього процесу при вивченні дисципліни «Медична біохімія». Для досягнення поставленої мети були розроблені завдання для перевірки знань здобувачів освіти з використанням інтерактивної платформи Kahoot та додатку Wordwall. Дослідження було проведено в умовах реального освітнього процесу з фіксацією кількісних та якісних показників. Одержані результати свідчать, що переважна більшість здобувачів освіти позитивно висловились на користь гейміфікованої форми навчання. Проте, значна частина учасників віддали все ж таки перевагу традиційному формату  навчання. Припускаємо, що такий вибір пов'язаний з тим, що здобувачі були не готові до нового формату навчання та необхідно більше часу, щоб відчути переваги. Можемо констатувати, що переваг у застосуванні елементів гейміфікації під час освітнього процесу чимало: підвищення інтересу, мотивація до процесу навчання та дисципліни зокрема, активація процедури соціальної адаптації здобувачів освіти, діалогова комунікація, допитливість тощо.
Constitutional Essay
Authors: Kavak Mesut
Published: June 2023

This constitution was written to keep the peace in every community; it is superior only as long as it does not contradict.
For the longer-term benefits: When non-target is preferentially selected in visual search.
Authors: Xu Haokui , Xu Jianzhe , Chen Hui , Zhou Jifan , shen mowed
Published: June 2023

Selective attention toward the target in visual search has been extensively studied, but little is known about the selection process and role of attention toward non-target. However, daily life scenes often contain a large number of interrelated items, and focusing on non-target is not only common but also helpful for locating the target. Here we explore this in three experiments in which participants searched for a target number among regularly or randomly arranged numbers. Results showed that human used the regularity of the search sequence to shorten the search time. Reaction time and eye movement data suggested that humans could narrow down the search space based on the selected non-target and the regularity, thereby increasing search speed. Further model simulations found that attention prioritized non-target location that was most helpful in narrowing the search space, rather than location where the target was most likely to present, especially when the search space contained a large number of items. Although the probability of finding the target immediately is reduced, the probability of locating the target next increases, thus the entire search process benefits. We generalize this attention selection mechanism as the informative searching hypothesis, which suggests that attention is guided to the item with the highest expected information gain. Such selection mechanism may be an important basis for resource-limited human beings to successfully interact with complex real-world.
CPLX3 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer1-3. We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data4,5 to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that complexin 3, encoded by CPLX3, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. CPLX3 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of CPLX3 in primary tumors was correlated with patient distant metastasis-free survival. Modulation of CPLX3 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Cognitoid - an Artificial General Intelligence algorithm
Authors: Inyushkin Sergei A.
Published: June 2023

In this paper I propose definition for Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and describe Cognitoid algorithm implementing it. The algorithm is based on asynchronous neural network with neurons being advanced computational units rather than simple input adders. Cognitoid is modality agnostic as modalities can be plugged in as many as needed. It is capable of one-shot learning. The same Cognitoid unit can be trained (I name this process 'teaching') in many different skills and enjoy knowledge synergy known as 'common sense' previously only available to humans. One of the core abilities of Cognitoid is knowledge generation by a process I named Generalized Semiotic Inference (GSI). It was shown in experiment that even a limited number of neurons can represent and generalize complicated concepts. A 'free thinking' mode test led to immediate rediscovery of Ramanujan's nested radical and discovery of another family of infinitely nested radicals. The same GSI process can be used to run the algorithm in other modes for tasks such as question answering, decision making, environment prediction and more.
METODE PENYELESAIAN HADIS MUKHTALIF
Authors: Nufus Nazla Hayati
Published: June 2023

Hadis ialah sebagai sumber hukum kedua setelah al-Qur’an. Akan tetapi ada hadis yang tergolong agak sulit dipahami yaitu hadis yang bertentangan satu sama lain atau dikenal dengan sebutan hadis mukhtalif. Hadis mukhtalif merupakan hadis yang secara dzohir tampak bertentangan. Cara untuk menyelesaikan hadis yang nampak bertentangan atau kontradiksi memang perlu metode dalam menyelesaikan hadis. Dalam ilmu hadis mukhtalif Artikel ini membahas konsep mukhtalif hadis dan metode penyelesaian. Apabila ada hadis yang nampak saling bertentangan ada beberapa metode untuk menyelesaikannya, dalam ilmu hadis mukhtalif metode yang digunakan yakni menggunakan metode, pertama metode al-jam’u wa al-taufiq, kedua metode naskh wal mansukh, ketiga metode tajrih, keempat metode tawaqquf.
PANDANGAN PAK TERHADAP LBGT
Authors: Hawu Imanuel Lay
Published: June 2023

Tuhan tidak pernah menciptakan seseorang dengan keinginan LGBT. Alkitab memberitahu kita bahwa seseorang menjadi LGBT karena dosa (Roma 1:24-27) dan pada akhirnya karena pilihan mereka sendiri mereka mendapat hukuman yang kekal. Seseorang mungkin dilahirkan dengan kecenderungan terhadap orientasi seksual yang berbeda, sama seperti orang dapat dilahirkan dengan kecenderungan kepada kekerasan dan dosa-dosa lainnya.
The Dirac Equation: A Model for Decision-Making. Free Choice in Natural Democracy and Common Sense.
Authors: Cherkashin Pavel
Published: June 2023

Choice, or decision-making is a complex and challenging process that involves multiple factors and stakeholders. How can we make better decisions that serve the best interests of all parties involved? In this article, we will explore how the Dirac Equation, a fundamental equation in quantum mechanics, can provide us with a metaphorical framework for decision-making. We will also discuss how the principles of natural democracy and common sense can help us apply this framework in practice.
Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen Terhadap Pembentukan Perilaku Siswa-Siswi Di Sekolah
Authors: Laubila Dherlyn
Published: June 2023

Peran guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen sangat penting dalam proses belajar serta membantu dalam proses pembentukan perilaku siswa-siswi di sekolah. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen, mengetahui strategi yang digunakan dalam proses pembentukan perilaku dan mengetahui cara yang digunakan dalam proses pengembangakan iman Kristen dalam dalam diri peserta didik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode studi kepustakan. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yakni dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan mempelajari serta mengumpulkan tulisantulisan ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan judul, kemudian dilakukan penyusunan data, menguraikan data dan menyusunnya secara sistematis dalam bentuk tulisan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen memiliki peran yang penting dalam membentuk perilaku peserta didik contohnya guru dapat berperan sebagai pendidik dan pelatih, pembimbing, pengajar, sahabat, fasilatator dan pemberita injil. Selain itu, sebagai guru pun harus mempunyai strategi yang dapat digunakan untuk membentuk perilaku siswa-siswi. Adapun cara yang digunakan oleh guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam proses pengembangan iman Kristen , salah satunya memberikan pengajaran yang menarik tentang Alkitab mengenai siapa itu Allah.
Low-level auditory processing correlates with language abilities: An ERP study investigating sequence learning and auditory processing in school-aged children
Authors: Kautto Anna , Railo Henry , Mainela-Arnold Elina
Published: June 2023

Auditory processing and procedural learning deficits have been associated with language learning difficulties. We investigated the relationship of these skills and school-age language abilities in children with and without a history of late talking using auditory event related potentials (ERPs). Late talking (i.e., slow early language development) increases the risk of persistent language difficulties, but its causes remain unknown. Participants in this study were children with varying language abilities (n = 60). Half of the participants (n = 30) had a history of late talking. We measured procedural learning by manipulating the predictability of sine tone stimuli in a passive auditory ERP paradigm. Auditory processing was tested by examining how the presence of noise (increasing perceptual demands) affected the ERPs. Contrary to our hypotheses on auditory processing and language development, the effect of noise on ERPs did not correlate with school-age language abilities in children with or without a history of late talking. Our paradigm failed to reveal interpretable effects of predictability leaving us unable to assess the effects of procedural learning. However, better language abilities were related to weaker responses in a 75–175 ms time window, and stronger responses in a 150–250 ms time window. We suggest that the weak early responses in children with better language ability reflect efficient processing of low-level auditory information, allowing deeper processing of later, high-level auditory information. We assume that these differences reflect variation in brain maturation between individuals with varying language abilities.
Populists are skeptical to expert advice but respond to better arguments
Authors: Peresman Adam , Larsen Lars Thorup , Mazepus Honorata , Petersen Michael Bang
Published: June 2023

Across diverse policy domains from climate to health policy, there is broad concern about whether popular trust in science and expertise has eroded during the past decade. This has generated discussions about the growing influence of low-trust populists whose alleged turn against science may weaken the possibility of democratic policy-making built on facts and expertise. Using large, quota-based surveys with over 7,500 respondents across five countries: the United States, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Denmark, and the Czech Republic, we try to understand how populism impacts people's willingness to follow expert advice across four diverse scenarios. Using preregistered vignette experiments, we vary the expert advice, its source, and the quality of the argument, to see what persuades populists and non-populists to accept expert advice. We find first that populism is associated with less willingness to accept expert advice, yet with variation between countries and topics. Second, we find that both populists and non-populists are similarly impacted by stronger arguments. Finally, we show that populists are more likely to judge advice as poorly reasoned and to perceive it as politically biased. Our study indicates that while the rise of distrust may be troubling, populists not only listen to expertise, but also respond to the same qualities of expert advice as others, even if their skepticism is higher. This suggests that expert authorities should try to build trust and provide strong justifications for their expert advice rather than write off populists as being beyond the scope of reason.
Innovative Approaches in Teaching English Writing to Chinese Speakers
Authors: Teng Mark Feng
Published: June 2023

Teaching English writing is tough. Innovating the teaching of English writing may be even tougher. This book synthesizes findings and ideas on innovating the teaching of English writing to Chinese speakers. Mark and I did not aim for this book to represent our own personal takes on what it means to innovate the teaching of English writing but instead encouraged contributors to advocate whatever approaches they felt were most suitable for the learners from their teaching and research contexts. While many colleagues may approach the teaching of English writing differently than some of the authors of the chapters in this book, we do feel that the book offers a number of alternative approaches for any teacher of English writing to consider. We never intended for this book to be a definitive guide to the teaching of second language writing. Instead, we wanted to offer a venue for the voices of second language writing teachers and researchers to share with others what they have been doing in their classrooms or what personal research problems they have been involved in tackling. We believe that this goal has been reached. We hope this book stimulates you to begin innovating approaches to the teaching of English writing in your class- room or is the catalyst for you to begin researching English writing instruction.
Linking artificial intelligence facilitated academic misconduct to existing prevention frameworks
Authors: Birks Daniel , Clare Joe
Published: June 2023

This paper connects the problem of AI-facilitated academic misconduct with crime-prevention based recommendations about the prevention of academic misconduct in more traditional forms. Given that academic misconduct is not a new phenomenon, there are lessons to learn from established information relating to misconduct perpetration and frameworks for prevention. The relevance of existing crime prevention frameworks for addressing AI-facilitated academic misconduct are discussed and the paper concludes by outlining some ideas for future research relating to preventing AI-facilitated misconduct and monitoring student attitudes and behaviours with respect to this type of behaviour.
Conceptualising social returns to sanitation interventions
Authors: Sneha Santwana , Sen Shankhajit
Published: June 2023

Access to adequate sanitation facilities is essential for public health and sustainable development. In India, addressing the challenges of open defecation and associated health risks have been a government priority, leading to significant efforts in promoting toilet adoption. However, disparities in toilet availability and usage persist across different regions. One of the key challenges faced by policy makers and investors in the sanitation sector is the lack of robust evidence regarding the social and economic returns on investment. This study aims to assess the economic benefits and health outcomes derived from the availability and use of toilets in three states in India. By employing a comprehensive framework, we estimate the returns on investments in sanitation infrastructure by examining the reduced diarrhoea treatment costs and saved productive time due to the elimination of long-distance travel for open defecation. Our findings demonstrate significant positive savings when considering these crucial criteria. We also identify specific strategies, referred to as "nudges," that can be employed to further enhance the benefits and returns associated with owning a toilet. We acknowledge the need to expand the framework and calculation methods with further in-depth data and analysis to strengthen the evidence.
Simple Scenario of Photons Emission from Anti Charm–Gluon Interaction using QCD Theory
Authors: Mustafa Saba , J. M. Al-Agealy Hadi , A. Al-Rubaiee Ahmad
Published: June 2023

In this work, the chromodynamics (QCD) theory was used to investigate the photon rate which was produced in interactions of anti-charm with gluon. The simple quantum scenario theory was implemented to give the rate equation that describes the collision of quark and gluon at a chemical potential  .The photon emission rate was evaluated from the anti-charm-gluon interaction of the cg →  dγ  collision at the temperature of the system in the range of 180 -  360 MeV with different critical temperatures (e.g. 116.575, 139.891, 157.377 and 174.863 MeV) with photons energy  GeV under the assumption that fugacity of quark and gluon  are   =0.08 and =0.02 respectively . The photon rate increases with decreasing the coupling of quark and gluon according to a decrease in the temperature of the system from 360 MeV to 180 MeV. The photon emission spectrum was calculated and discussed using a photon energy of 1GeV to 10GeV with different critical temperatures. In terms of QCD theory, the quantitative accomplishment was made for a unique six-flavor number nf = 4 + 2 of photon emission. The photon rate reaches minimum with photon energy E=10 GeV, it reﬂects the less coupling for the cg →  dγ interaction.
The Effect of Performance Rating Systems on Employee Motivation of Nepalese Insurance Companies
Authors: Goet Joginder , Kharel Kiran
Published: June 2023

This study explores the effects of employee motivational elements, such as training and development (TD), communication (CO), commitment (CT), reward and recognition (RR), and feedback systems (FS) in listed insurance businesses in Nepal. The impact of motivational elements on employee motivation was investigated using the primary data from 405 observations of 24 Insurance Companies. This study examined the link and impact of the aforementioned elements on employee motivation in Nepalese insurance businesses using a correlational and causal research technique. This study identified a relationship between employee motivation (EM) and training and development (TD), communication (CO), commitment (CT), rewards and recognition (RR), and feedback systems (FS). Again, it has been discovered that Employee Motivation (EM) in Nepalese Insurance Companies is significantly influenced by Training and Development (TD), Communication (CO), Commitment (CT), Reward and Recognition (RR), and Feedback System (FS).
समकालीन नेपाली कवितामा यथार्थवादी धारा
Authors: न्यौपाने दीपकप्रसाद
Published: June 2023

यो लेख नेपाली कविताको विकासप्रक्रियाको विश्लेषणसँग सम्बन्धित रहेको छ । नेपाली कविताको विकासप्रक्रियाका अध्ययनका सन्दर्भमा वि।सं। २०३६ को सडक कविताक्रान्तिपछिको समयावधिलाई समसामयिक युग नामकरण गरिएको पाइन्छ । कुनै एक प्रवृत्तिले स्थिरता प्राप्त गरिनसकेका अवधिमा कालिक सन्दर्भलाई आधार बनाई यस किसिमको नामकरण गर्नु सान्दर्भिक देखिए पनि निश्चत प्रवृत्तिको स्थिरीकरणसँगै कुनै वस्तुगत नाम दिनु वैज्ञानिक हुन्छ । यही सन्दर्भमा वि।सं। २०३६ भन्दा पछिको नेपाली कवितामा केकस्ता प्रवृत्तिहरू देखापरेका छन् र प्रवृत्तिगत दृष्टिले यस अवधिलाई के नाम दिनु उपयुक्त हुन्छ भन्ने मूल समस्यामा केन्द्रित रही यो लेख तयार पारिएको छ । यसका लागि यस लेखमा यस चरणका धेरै कविताहरूलाई प्राथमिक स्रोतका सामग्रीका रूपमा र नेपाली कविता तथा यसको समसामयिक युगका बारेमा गरिएका विश्लेषणहरूलाई द्वितीयक स्रोतका सामग्रीका रूपमा उपयोग गरिएको छ । गुणात्मक अनुसन्धानका ढाँचामा केन्द्रित रही तयार पारिएको यस लेखमा विशेष गरी सूक्ष्म पठन तथा विश्लेषण विधिको प्रयोग गरी निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । यस चरणका कविताहरू मूलतः वस्तुयथार्थका अभिव्यञ्जनामा केन्द्रित रहेका हुनाले प्रवृत्तिगत दृष्टिले यस अवधिलाई यथार्थवादी युग नामकरण गर्नु वैज्ञानिक हुने निष्कर्षलाई यस लेखले अगाडि सारेको छ । नेपाली कविताको पछिल्लो चरणलाई प्रवृत्तिगत दृष्टिले वैज्ञानिक रूपमा यथार्थवादी युग भनेर नामकरण गर्नु यस लेखको प्राप्ति तथा प्राज्ञिक योगदान रहेको छ ।
‘माऊजङ बाबुसाहेबको कोट’ कथामा समाख्यानात्मक कालव्यवस्था
Authors: अधिकारी थापा सीता
Published: June 2023

प्रस्तुत लेख भवानी भिक्षुको माऊजङ बाबुसाहेबको कोट कथामा समाख्यानात्मक कालव्यवस्थाको विश्लेषणमा केन्द्रित रहेको छ । उपर्युक्त कथाको पाठपरक विश्लेषणका लागि समाख्यानशास्त्रीय सैद्धान्तिक अवधारणाको उपयोग गरिएको छ । आख्यानात्मक पाठ संरचनाको व्याख्या गर्ने आधुनिक सिद्धान्त समाख्यानशास्त्रले आख्यानात्मक विधाको संरचनात्मक ढाँचाको पहिचान तथा व्याख्या विश्लेषण गर्नुका साथै आख्यानको प्रकार्य र तिनका विविध सम्बन्धको पनि खोजी गर्दछ । आख्यान पाठमा समाख्याताले घटनाका अनुक्रम अथवा क्रियाकलापको प्रस्तुतिको समयावधिलाई समाख्यानात्मक कालव्यवस्था भनिन्छ । समाख्यान पाठभित्र समग्र घटनाले ओगटेको समय, घटनाक्रममा प्रयुक्त समय तथा घटना÷क्रियाकलापको आवृत्तिले लिएको समयसँग समाख्यानात्मक कालव्यवस्था सम्बन्धित रहने हुनाले तिनै आधारमा आख्यान पाठको अध्ययन विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यस अध्ययनमा माऊजङ बाबुसाहेबको कोट कथाका वर्गीय चरित्रलाई केन्द्रविन्दु बनाई शासनसत्ताको राप र तापबाट अलग भइसकेको समयमा आफ्नो शानमानलाई कायम राख्न कथामा बाबुसाहेबले थोत्रो कोटको सहारा लिनु परेको अवस्थालाई समाख्याताले विभिन्न कालव्यवस्थामा प्रस्तुत गरेको छ । यसमा कथाले सङ्केत गरेको २००७ अघिपछिको समयसन्दर्भ सङ्कथनात्मक कालको रूपमा र समाख्याताले घटना प्रस्तुत गरेको तत्कालीन समय समाख्यानात्मक कालका रूपमा आएर विस्थापित भएको राणाशासन व्यवस्थाका अवशेष चरित्रलाई प्रस्तुत गरेको छ । प्रस्तुत कथामा विषयलाई प्रस्तुत गर्ने क्रममा समाख्याता कथाभन्दा बाहिर बसेर सम्पूर्ण घटनाको सर्वदर्शी द्रष्टाको रूपमा हरेक घटनाहरूको समाख्यानमा समाख्यानात्मक गतिको वर्णन भूतकालमा र स्थिति वर्णन तथा पात्रका भावना मिश्रित कालव्यवस्थामा रहेर प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । पाठकेन्द्री ढाँचामा व्याख्याविश्लेषण विधिको प्रयोग गर्दै समाख्यानात्मक कालव्यवस्थाको अध्ययन गर्नु यस लेखको उद्देश्य रहेको छ । समाख्यानात्मक कालव्यवस्थाका दृष्टिले विवेचना गर्दा समाख्याताले आपूmले पहिले नै देखिसकेको घटनाहरूलाई पूर्वघटित घटना, वैयक्तिक अनुभूति र मनोदशाको वर्णनमा समाख्यानात्मक अभूत (वर्तमान र भविष्यत्) कालको प्रयोग भएको निष्कर्ष देखिन्छ ।
Impact of Workplace Stressors on Employee Burnout: A Survey on Diversified Professionals
Authors: Pandey Dhruba Lal , Risal Nischal
Published: June 2023

The study has focused on the impact of workplace stressors explained byworkload, work hours, unsupportive supervisors, and unfair treatment on employee burnout. The study adopted a quantitative research approach using a survey method. Professional employees of different sectors have been considered as the population. The 115 usable samples have been taken for the study purpose. The sample has been taken purposively. Five Point Likert Scale and multiple-choice questionnaire have been used for the collection of the data. Questionnaires have been administered online. SPSS and Microsoft Excel software has been used to analyze data. However, data were analyzed using correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The study results suggest that work hours are the major predictor of employee burnout among Nepalese professional employees, and workload, unfair treatment, and unsupportive supervisors have negligible contributions to the burnout of Nepalese professional employees.
Vulnerable to Precarity: COVID-19 and the Experience of Difference by Newcomers, Immigrants, and Migrant Workers in Canada
Authors: Karki Karun Kishor , Moasun Festus Y.
Published: June 2023

When COVID-19 struck Canada in 2020, immigrants, newcomers, and migrant (agricultural) workers were among those most vulnerable to the pandemic. Their experiences of the pandemic were accentuated by an exacerbation of pre-existing racial and other forms of discrimination. The article emerged from a systematic review and thematic synthesis of the broadly defined literature on immigrants, newcomers, and migrant workers’ experiences of multifaceted challenges amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. We established inclusion criteria and systematically searched for articles in databases, including JSTOR Journals, Social Work Abstract (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO, and other grey literature published between March 2020 and January 2023. The findings suggest that immigrants, newcomers, and migrant workers in Canada experienced systemic inequalities, which worsened their socio-economic status, placing them at higher risks of poor health outcomes. The following themes that underscore the experiences of immigrants, newcomers, and migrant workers in Canada were identified: a) that immigrants, newcomers, and migrant workers in Canada experienced negative socio-economic impacts due to COVID-19, b) that immigrants, newcomers, and migrant workers in Canada experienced aggravated precarious and inequitable employment during COVID-19, c) that immigrants, newcomers, and migrant workers in Canada experienced COVID-19 related racial discrimination, and d) that COVID-19 negatively impacted immigrants, newcomers, and migrant workers’ mental health and well-being. Important directions for future research, including for studies that prioritize new  immigrants, are provided.
The Research Activity of Rev. Prof. Remigiusz Sobański in the Field of Substantive Canon Law
Authors: Góralski Wojciech
Published: June 2023

Remigiusz Sobański (1930–2010), a long-time professor at the Faculty of Canon Law of the Academy of Catholic Theology in Warsaw, and then at Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw. Although his research focused mainly on the theory of canon law, he also published several dozen works in the field of canonical matrimonial law. These works cover four main research areas: marriage law (general rules), marriage consent, form of marriage, mixed marriages. Moreover, as a judicial vicar, he prepared and published several dozen sentences in the cases of nullitatis matrimonii.
Sistem Informasi Penjualan Pada Apotek Puri Kasih
Authors: Oktapiani Renny , Indriyani Lia , Pangestu Ilham , Kartikasari Ratih , Nurfauziah Risma
Published: June 2023

Di sebagian besar Apotek, sistem penjualan dan pemasaran masih konvensional. Artinya semua pelanggan harus datang ke Apotek untuk membeli. Dalam hal ini, seharusnya lebih banyak pihak yang berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan operasional. Dengan menggunakan website dan sistem penjualan berbasis e-commerce diharapkan apotek dapat meningkatkan pelayanan pelanggan dan meningkatkan loyalitas pelanggan. Apotek Puri Kasih bersaing dengan apotek lain khususnya di bidang pengembangan teknologi informasi Sulit ditemukan. Juga, membuat laporan penjualan itu sulit. Bagaimana aplikasi penjualan membantu Apotek untuk mengelola data penjualan dan membuat laporan penjualan bulanan yang sesuai untuk memudahkan staf Apotek bekerja dengan aplikasi tersebut. Dalam hal ini, perangkat lunak dikembangkan menggunakan metode Prototipe, dan maket sistem dimulai untuk memungkinkan fungsionalitas diperbarui sesuai kebutuhan.
Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Berbasis Web Pada Laporan Pengeluaran Kas Kecil PT BPR
Authors: Azna S.H.A Cut , Putri Silvia Wulandari , Nurafifah Rifa , Rahayu Yuri , Nugraha Rusli
Published: June 2023

Sistem Informasi Akuntansi yang efektif dan cepat sangat penting bagi keberhasilan jangka panjang suatu perusahaan. Seperti halnya pada Sistem Informasi Akuntansi yang dimiliki PT Bpr Supra Kota Sukabumi. Pengolahan data pengeluaran biaya Alat Tulis Kantor PT Bpr Kota Sukabumi yang masih ditulis dengan menggunakan Microsoft Office Excel dan sudah tersistematis memiliki kekurangan yang berdampak pada keterlambatan dan ketidakakuratan penyajian data untuk menghasilkan informasi atau laporan pengeluaran kas kecil.Hasil ini dijadikan sebagai latar belakang merancang sebuah sistem Informasi Akuntansi Berbasis web pada Laporan Pengeluaran Kas Kecil dengan Metode Fluktuasi PT Bpr Supra. Rancangan sistem yang dirancang memiliki fungsi penyampaian informasi yang dituangkan kedalam bentuk website. Tujuan dibuat rancangan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi berbasis website agar membangun sebuah kebutuhan informasi efisien dan kecepatan dalam pengolahan data kas kecil pada perusahaan PT Bpr Supra sehingga sistem pelaporan lebih kondusif dibandingkan dengan sistem saat ini. Selain itu, semua pihak dari berbagai kalangan yang berkepentingan dapat memperoleh manfaat informasi laporan kas kecil secara otomatis.
Sistem Informasi Akuntasi Penjualan Berbasis Web Pada Wedang Uwuh Tjap Ngonah
Authors: Respati Amanda Puspa , Rahayu Yuri , Widiati Wina
Published: June 2023

Wedang Uwuh Tjap Ngonah Sukabumi adalah sebuah toko penjual rempah-rempah ciri khas Kota Sukabumi. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sistem penjualan yang berjalan pada Wedang Uwuh Tjap Ngonah Sukabumi. Sistem penjualan pada Wedang Uwuh Tjap Ngonah Sukabumi merupakan hal penting pengelolaan usaha, karena kegiatannya tidak akan terlepas dari kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan penjualan.  Sistem berjalan yang ada masih dicatat secara manual, sehingga dalam pengelolaan data penjualan masih ada kesalahan dan tidak efektifnya waktu. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Dengan adanya bantuan sistem terkomputerisasi yang berbasis ecommerce, maka pengelolaan data penjualan hingga laporan penjualan dapat lebih cepat dan lebih terjamin keamanannya serta keakuratannya dapat mengurangi resiko kesalahan.
Immunohistochemical characteristics of the gray matter of the human spinal cord in the late prenatal period
Authors: Dovgan A. V. , Vlasenko O. V. , Popadynets O. G. , Semenenko A. I. , Gunas I. V. , Bobruk V. P.
Published: June 2023

The study is dedicated to the relevant problem of studying the patterns of age-related (prenatal) restructuring in the brain and spinal cord and provides opportunities for predicting and correcting the occurrence of congenital defects. The aim of the research was to establish the nature of immunohistochemical marker expression in the gray matter structures of the human spinal cord during the late prenatal period. The material for the study consisted of spinal cord preparations from 27 human fetuses at gestational age 35-40 weeks. The following methods were used during the research: anatomical, general histological, special histological, immunohistochemical, morphometric, and statistical analysis of the obtained data. It was found that at 35-36 weeks of the gestational period, the proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) occurs more intensively in the ventral neuroepithelium of spinal cord segments compared to the dorsal neuroepithelium. In the ventral neuroepithelium, there are 5-6 mitotic or post-mitotic NSCs, while in the dorsal part, there are only 2-3 cells. In fetuses at 39-40 weeks, the proliferative activity of neural stem cells in the dorsal neuroepithelium is higher in cervical and lumbar segments, where Ki-67 expression is detected in 6 % of cells (reactive in 7-8 cells), and in thoracic and sacral segments, it is 4 % (reactive in 3-4 cells). In contrast to the dorsal neuroepithelium, in the ventral part of the neuroepithelium of the segments, the proliferative activity of neural stem cells is slightly less intense. In cervical and lumbar segments, Ki-67 expression occurred in 4 % of cells (reactive in 3-4 cells), and in thoracic and sacral segments, it was 2 % (reactive in 1-2 cells). At 35-36 weeks of gestation, high vimentin expression was observed around the neuroepithelium, at the base of the posterior horns, and along the posterior median septum. Vimentin expression in the mantle layer was relatively weak and persisted along blood vessels and in the area of spinal cord root formation. Before birth, relatively weak vimentin expression was detected in the remnants of radial glia surrounding the neuroepithelial layer. Vimentin expression was absent in the neuroepithelium proper, but focal vimentin expression was observed around blood vessels. The absence of vimentin expression in the neuroepithelium indicates the disappearance of radial cells. At 35-40 weeks of the gestational period, relatively strong synaptophysin expression was observed in the mantle layer of spinal cord segments, indicating the intensity of neuronal connectivity establishment and myelination of nerve fibers. These processes continue after birth. Synaptophysin expression was absent in the neuroepithelium proper.
Morphological features of stab–cut wounds of the skin of the trunk and limbs inflicted by kitchen knives
Authors: Boymanov F. Kh. , Kushbakov А. М. , Rashidov F. F.
Published: June 2023

Examination of injuries caused by sharp objects is a complex process that requires the application of a whole range of knowledge not only in the field of forensic medicine, but also in human anatomy. Among all sharp objects, stab–cut objects are the most common, namely the kitchen knife. Researching the peculiarities of the morphology of injuries to various anatomical parts of the human body with this subject would improve the quality of forensic research. The purpose of the study is to analyze the morphological features of stab–cut wounds to the skin of the trunk and limbs caused by kitchen knives. A forensic examination of 93 stab–cut wounds of corpses, which were inflicted by kitchen knives with one-sided sharpening and a straight butt, was carried out. Wounds in the chest ranged in size from 1.7×0.2 cm to 4.3×0.6 cm; wounds in the abdomen ranged in size from 1.8×0.4 cm to 3.3×0.7 cm; wounds in the lumbar region had sizes from 1.7×0.2 cm to 4.0×0.6 cm; wounds on the upper extremities – from 1.5x0.9 cm to 3.0×0.6 cm and wounds on the lower extremities from 1.5x0.2 cm to 3.2x0.6 cm. In all cases, the wounds had even edges and a smooth surface of the walls. Wounds located along Langer's line have a linear shape, and those located across Langer's lines have an oval shape. In addition, a different shape of the butt section was found, depending on the localization and the force of immersion. In this way, characteristic differences in the shape of the butt cut were revealed and the existence of differences in its morphology in different anatomical parts of the body was proved. Taking into account the location of the injury according to the location of Langer's lines should be standard procedure in forensic investigations of injuries caused by sharp objects.
The effect of quercetin on the morphogenesis of the interstitial space in the testes of rats after 90 days with central blockade of luteinizing hormone
Authors: Stetsuk Ye. V. , Shepytko V. I. , Boruta N. V. , Vilkhova O. V. , Skotarenko T. A. , Rud M. V.
Published: June 2023

Leydig cells are responsible for the production of testosterone in the male testicles when stimulated by luteinizing hormone (LH). Dysfunction of Leydig cells, which occurs during inflammation or oxidative stress, is one of the main causes of male infertility. The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of quercetin on the microscopic organization of rat testes, nitric oxide production and the intensity of oxidative stress in rat testes on the 90th day of the experiment, during the experimental central deprivation of LH synthesis caused by the administration of triptorelin acetate solution. The experiment was conducted on 20 sexually mature male white rats. Rats were divided into 2 groups of 10 animals in each group: control group (I), group with central deprivation of LH + quercetin synthesis (II). Animals from the group with central blockade of LH synthesis were injected subcutaneously with triptorelin acetate at a dose of 0.3 mg of the active substance per kg and quercetin at 100 mg per kg of body weight 3 times a week, while the control group was injected with saline. Our study of the interstitial space in the testes of white rats showed heterogeneity of macrophage populations and variability of structural and functional parameters. Central blockade of LH synthesis by the administration of treptorelin with the parallel administration of quercitin to the studied animals on the 90th day of the experiment causes changes in the structure of the interstitial space of rat testes, which is characterized by high variability both in the populations of interstitial endocrinocytes and macrophages. Biochemical indicators on the 90th day of the experiment indicate an increase in NO production in conditions of central blocking of the synthesis of luteinizing hormone by more than three times, which is ensured by the activity of the inducible isoform of NOS (iNOS). At the same time, the increase in the activity of iNOS with a decrease in the activity of the arginase pathway leads to the polarization of macrophages according to the pro-inflammatory type. The introduction of quercetin protects the testicular tissue of rats from oxidative damage caused by the administration of triptorelin on the 90th day of the experiment by increasing antioxidant protection and reducing reactive oxygen species in the tissue.
The case of a geriatric female experiencing frequent falls and epileptic seizures during long-term low-dose clozapine and extended-release bupropion treatment
Authors:   Buffalo Psychiatric Center, Office of Mental Health, Buffalo, NY 14213, USA, Dzierba Charisse , Lee Claudia ,   University at Buffalo School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA, Demler Tammie Lee ,   University at Buffalo School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Buffalo, NY 14215, USA
Published: June 2023

There are few reports describing the incidence of seizures in patients prescribed a combination of clozapine and bupropion for the treatment of psychiatric disorders, despite the known drug-drug interaction associated with concomitant use. We report the case of a 67-year-old geriatric woman who experienced multiple falls and seizures while receiving a low daily dose of clozapine 200 mg and bupropion extended-release (XL) 150 mg. There was no recurrence of seizure activity after discontinuation of bupropion and initiation of an antiepileptic drug, divalproex. This case report suggests that bupropion in combination with low-dose clozapine may increase the risk of seizures in elderly patients.
Modern Aspects of Sustainable Development of Polissya Economic Region
Authors:   National University «Ostroh academy», Averkyna Maryna
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Introduction. The strategy of sustainable development is an extremely complex and extensive plan for predicting, preventing and solving problems on which depends the future survival of all living beings. It is quite difficult to operate with global goals without sufficient awareness of what is happening at the regional and local levels. Thus, a problem arises in the study of aspects of sustainable development of a specific economic region of Ukraine with the aim of determining its main properties and ways for improving regional policy. Purpose. Research of the current state of economy, ecology and social trends, definition of the main aspects and development of proposals for ways to improve and accelerate the sustainable development of the Polissya economic district. Results. Polissya economic district is a region where every global goal of sustainable development must be implemented at the local level, because economic sphere, environment, and society need considerable changes. Social sphere is dominated by depressive processes, the environment is constantly polluted by harmful emissions from enterprises and radiation pollution. All this factors directly affect the economy, which has lost its former potential and has focused only on extracting raw materials. The war became a catalyst for large-scale negative tendencies. But despite the factors listed above, Polissya economic district has a great potential in agro-industrial complex, tourism sector, and available renewable energy sources. Conclusions. Sustainable development should be completely supported by local population and government. Also implementation of environmental management system will be strong impulse for responsible and enhanced restoration of the environment, which will directly affect the condition of health of the local population.
Innovative Methods of Organization of Financial and Logistic Processes at the Enterprise
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Burkovskaya Burkovskaya Alla
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Introduction. The essence and concepts of the financial and logistical activities of enterprises are analyzed. The current state of agrarian enterprises in the logistics industry is studied. The main problems of agrarian enterprises and methods of their solution are determined. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state and prospects for innovative development of the potential of regional enterprises engaged in agricultural production. Results. It has been proven that modern processes at enterprises are outdated, it is necessary to introduce the latest models. One of these is the Big Data model. This model provides for the accumulation of a large amount of data, their clear sorting and structuring, optimization of information flows in the middle of the enterprise and provision of operational information to consumers about the enterprise's products. Conclusions. Improvement of financial and logistics activities, optimization of logistics routes, accurate distribution to customers, effective management can be achieved by using the Big Data model. The development and implementation of innovative methods and models within an agricultural enterprise is impossible without legislative regulation and coordination on the part of the state. Doubts on the part of the management regarding the ease of implementation and the preservation of confidentiality of information about the activities of their enterprises inhibit and support the factors of implementation of the mechanism for the introduction of blockchain technologies among agro-industrial complex enterprises. But the benefits of implementing the Big Data model are available both for business and for society as a whole