bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health-Related Quality of Life and Utility Scores of Posttreatment Patients with Gastric Cancer at Different Pathological Stages: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zhang Huan , Sun Chen , Chen Yu , Yuan Yan , Xu Ke , Lu Peipei , Wang Jialin , Zhang Nan
Published: April 2022

Background. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a key variable in the evaluation of health economics. We aimed to evaluate the HRQoL and utility scores of patients with gastric cancer and related precancerous lesions by assessing their quality of life using a single standardized health measurement instrument. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in six counties in Shangdong Province from November 2019 to March 2020. Subjects with precancerous lesions and gastric cancer (cardia and noncardia) were included and surveyed. Patients were divided into four groups: low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN), high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN), early gastric cancer (EGC), and advanced gastric cancer (AGC). All patients, except those with LGIN, received treatment. The five-level EQ-5D was used to assess HRQoL and generate utility scores using the Chinese-specific tariff published in 2017. Results. The study included 566 respondents. The average utility was 0.927 for precancerous lesions (LGIN: 0.930; HGIN: 0.926), 0.906 for early gastric cancer (EGC), and 0.756 for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Visual analogue scale (VAS) means were 76.82 (LGIN: 78.08; HGIN: 74.81), 72.26, and 69.16 for precancerous lesions, EGC, and AGC, respectively. HRQoL was lower in women with AGC than in men (0.612 vs. 0.792,

P
=
0.035

). AGC patients were more likely to report problems across all five dimensions than patients in other stages. The proportion of patients reporting pain/discomfort problems was highest across all gastric cancer stages (LGIN, 35.6%; HGIN, 34.4%; EGC, 35.6%; and AGC, 55.7%), followed by anxiety/depression (LGIN, 17.5%; HGIN, 18%; EGC, 22.8%; and AGC, 47.7%). Conclusions. HRQoL declined as cancer progressed, with the most dramatic decline observed in patients with AGC. A more advanced pathological stage was associated with a greater decrease in health utility. The obtained utilities for different pathological stages of gastric cancer were significant parameters for researchers to perform further cost-utility analysis. Pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression were problems that seriously affected the patients in all groups.
Intelligence of Autonomous Vehicles: A Concise Revisit
Authors: Naz Neelma , Ehsan Muhammad Khurram , Amirzada Muhammad Rizwan , Ali Md Yeakub , Qureshi Muhammad Aasim
Published: April 2022

Artificial intelligence- (AI-) empowered machines are devised to mimic human actions. In the automotive industry, AI plays a significant role in the development of vehicular technology. AI joins hands with the field of mechatronics to assist in the accurate execution of the vehicle functionalities. Autonomous vehicles get the scene information by using onboard sensors such as laser, radar, lidar, Global Positioning System (GPS), and vehicular communication networks. The data obtained is then used for various path planning and control techniques to make the vehicles capable of autonomously driving in complex environments. Autonomous vehicles use very up-to-date AI algorithms to localize themselves in known and unknown environments. AI algorithms are also exploited for perception, path planning, and motion control. A concise review of the state-of-the-art techniques to improve the performance of autonomous vehicles is presented.
Research on Impulse Power Load Forecasting Based on Improved Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors: Feng Chenyang , Xu Kang , Ma Haoyun
Published: April 2022

Deep learning is good at extracting the required feature quantity from the massive input information through multiple hidden layers and completing the learning through training to achieve the task of load forecasting. The impulse power load data contain a lot of noise, burrs, and strong randomness. As an improved recurrent neural networks, the output of long short-term memory (LSTM) network is not only related to the current input, but also closely related to the historical information, which can effectively predict the impact power load. An impulse power load forecasting model based on improved recurrent neural networks is proposed. To solve the training difficulties caused by deep networks, database is divided into training data set and test data set. To accelerate running speed and improve accuracy and reliability, parameter setting in deep learning neural network is analyzed. The proposed load forecasting model is verified by simulation and compared with the existing methods. Taking the average relative error as the standard, the effectiveness of the proposed model for the forecasting of impulse power load connected to the bus is verified.
Exploring the Employment Quality Evaluation Model of Application-Oriented University Graduates by Deep Learning
Authors: He Yiran , Zhang Wanhong , Xu Weiming , Sui Xinru
Published: April 2022

In view of the employment difficulties of college graduates, this paper analyzes the overflow of graduates in a particular period caused by the expansion of enrollment in various colleges and universities and the social phenomenon of social positions in short supply. First, the employment status of application-oriented college students and the deficiencies of employment guidance courses are summarized. Then, deep learning technology is combined with the relevant employment concept to construct an employment training model to guide college students in employment. Besides, a questionnaire on learning effect and employment quality is designed from four perspectives: learning motivation, concentration, teaching process, and final results. The information collected through the questionnaire demonstrates that the employment quality and learning effect of male and female students are not significantly affected by gender differences. In addition, the

P

values of learning motivation, concentration, and teaching process are all less than 0.01, and the unstandardized coefficient of the teaching process is 0.349, which has the most significant impact on the learning effect. In short, the three factors positively affect the learning effect. Therefore, it comes to the conclusion of improving the ability and strategy of classroom employment guidance. If one wants to be successful in job hunting and career selection, it is not enough just to be competitive but also to be good at it. Being good at the competition is reflected in having good psychological quality, strength, and a good competitive state. In the job hunting and career selection competition, attention should be paid to whether the expected value is appropriate. College students should have sufficient self-awareness before preparing to submit resumes. During the interview, they should overcome emotional anxiety. If a person can treat study, work, and life in a good mood from beginning to end, he will win the competition. The research reported here can provide some reference suggestions for the employment quality of application-oriented college graduates.
Conversion of Aquaculture Waste into Biomedical Wealth: Chitin and Chitosan Journey
Authors: Joseph Jerrine , Manigundan Kaari , Shamya Arokia Rajan Mary , Radhakrishnan Manikkam , Gopikrishnan Venugopal , Kumaran Subramanian , Thirunavukkarasu Rajasekar , Aruni Wilson , Shanmugam Velmurugan
Published: April 2022

Biowaste originating from aquaculture sector represents a potential feedstock to produce value-added substances and materials like chitin and chitosan. They are the long chain polymers of N-acetylglucosamine polymers with huge industrial and biomedical significance. Chitin has long been recognized as a useful biomaterial for drug delivery and neurological therapy. Similarly, chitosan oligosaccharide, a short chain polymer derived from chitin/chitosan, has been identified for its potential biomedical applications, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-Alzheimer action. Chitosan nanoparticles are also used extensively in biomedical applications. Here we have critically summarized various methods for the extraction of chitin, chitosan, and chitooligossacharides and chitosan nanoparticle preparation and their diverse biomedical applications.
Protective Effect of Brassica rapa Polysaccharide against Acute High-Altitude Hypoxia-Induced Brain Injury and Its Metabolomics
Authors: Zou Xuemei , Yang Hailing , Li Qiuyue , Li Ning , Hou Ya , Wang Xiaobo , Meng Xianli , Yu Jia , Zhang Yi , Tang Ce , Kuang Tingting
Published: April 2022

Brassica rapa L., a traditional Tibetan medicine, has been wildly used for treating plateau disease. Polysaccharide is an important chemical component in B. rapa. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of B. rapa polysaccharide (BRP) against acute high-altitude hypoxia (AHH) induced brain injury and its metabolic mechanism. The rats were randomly divided into six groups: control group, AHH group, Hongjingtian oral liquid group, and three BRP groups (38, 75, and 150 mg/kg/d). Serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were detected by commercial biochemical kits. Hippocampus and cortex histopathological changes were observed by H&E staining and Nissl staining. Neuronal apoptosis was observed by TUNEL staining. The protein and gene expression of Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-Akt, Akt, HIF-1α, microRNA 210, ISCU1/2, and COX10 were detected by western blotting and qRT-PCR. Then, a brain metabolomics method based on UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS was performed to discover potential biomarkers and analyze metabolic pathways. It was found that BRP decreased levels of MDA, LDH, and GSSG, increased GSH and SOD, reduced the pathological changes, inhibited apoptosis, and activated the PI3K/Akt/HIF-1α signaling pathway as evidenced by increased phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt, enhanced protein expression of HIF-1α and gene levels of microRNA210, ISCU1/2, and COX10. Furthermore, 15 endogenous potential biomarkers were identified in the brain through metabolomics analysis. BRP can regulate 7 potential biomarkers and the corresponding metabolic pathways were mainly associated with pyruvate metabolism and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Collectively, BRP has a clear protective effect on AHH-induced brain injury and its mechanisms may be related to ameliorate oxidative stress injury, inhibit apoptosis by activating PI3K/Akt/HIF-1α signaling pathway, and reverse metabolic pathway disturbances.
Gallium(III) Complex with Cloxyquin Ligands Induces Ferroptosis in Cancer Cells and Is a Potent Agent against Both Differentiated and Tumorigenic Cancer Stem Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells
Authors: Hreusova Monika , Novohradsky Vojtech , Markova Lenka , Kostrhunova Hana , Potočňák Ivan , Brabec Viktor , Kasparkova Jana
Published: April 2022

In this work, gallium(III) complex with cloxyquin (5‐chloro‐8‐quinolinol, HClQ) ligands is shown to effectively inhibit proliferation of rhabdomyosarcoma cells, the frequent, aggressive, and poorly treatable cancer of children. It offers striking selectivity to cancer cells compared to noncancerous human fibroblasts. The data reveal that the complex induces ferroptosis in rhabdomyosarcoma cells, likely due to interfering with iron metabolism. Importantly, it can kill both bulk and stem rhabdomyosarcoma cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first compound based on metal other than Fe capable of inducing ferroptosis in cancer cells.
Association of the Combined Effects between Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Gene Polymorphisms and Negative Life Events with Major Depressive Disorder among Chinese population in the Context of Oxidative Stress
Authors: Qiao Zhengxue , Xie Yunjia , Wu Yongmei , Yang Xiuxian , Qiu Xiaohui , Zhou Jiawei , Lu Yuxin , Chen Lu , Tong Yuying , Xu Jia , Li Jiarui , He Jingyun , Pan Hui , Yang Yanjie , Yang Jiarun , Bu Tianyi
Published: April 2022

Background. Oxidative stress may be increased in a number of psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). MDD has been shown to be related to insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) as well as to negative life events; exploring the interaction of IGF-1 polymorphisms and negative life events on the risk of MDD is needed. The aim of this study was to analyze the single and combined effects of IGF-1 polymorphisms (rs972936 and rs978458) and negative life events with MDD among Chinese population. Methods. 420 MDD patients (according to DSM-V) and 420 age- and gender-matched control subjects were recruited in a case-control study. Negative life events were assessed using standard rating scales. IGF-1 rs972936 and rs978458 were identified by sequencing. The chi-square (

χ

2

) tests were performed to explore the association of negative life events and IGF-1 polymorphisms with MDD. Results. Our results found that the negative life events were associated with the risk of MDD (

P
<
0.001

;

OR
=
3.28

, 95% CI: 2.19-4.85). The genotypes of IGF-1 were associated with the risk of MDD (

P
<
0.001

); carrying the IGF-1 rs972936 C allele (

OR
=
1.53

, 95% CI: 1.26-1.85) and rs978458 T allele (

OR
=
1.92

, 95% CI: 1.58-2.34) had a higher risk of MDD. The combined effects between IGF-1 rs978458 and negative life events were associated with the risk of MDD (

P
<
0.05

;

OR
=
2.94

, 95% CI: 1.23-7.03), but IGF-1 rs972936 was not associated (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusions. Based on the oxidative stress hypothesis, we confirm that carrying IGF-1 rs972936 C allele and rs978458 T allele have a higher risk of MDD and the combined effects between IGF-1 rs978458 and negative life events were associated with the risk of MDD among Chinese population.
Application of Convolutional Neural Network-Based Hierarchical Teaching Method in College English Teaching and Examination Reform
Authors: Zhang Ruisi , Huang Haibo
Published: April 2022

Along with the pace of educational reform in colleges and universities, a variety of new types of teaching and research approaches stand out in each subject taught in colleges and universities. For example, in college English lectures, given the practice of individualized tiered teaching, the development of relevant teaching models for students at different levels has become a new type of teaching and research developed year by year. Based on the English classroom program, teachers should make cognizance of the tiered teaching model when teaching. This paper discusses the tiered teaching method of English teaching and carries out teaching from strategies such as paying attention to students’ tiered teaching, doing well in lecture tiered teaching, developing homework tiered teaching, and paying attention to evaluation tiered teaching. In addition, the assessment system of college English courses lags behind the development of college English teaching reform and cannot play a guiding role in teaching. In response to the above-mentioned views and problems, this paper proposes a convolutional neural network-based algorithm that provides different learning styles for different students in the stratified teaching method of college English, making capable students understand what they learn in class, improving the teaching quality of high school English courses, and, at the same time, establishing a standardized and scientific course with high reliability and validity that meets the actual situation of applied technical college students. At the same time, a standardized and scientific course assessment system with high reliability and validity has been established to meet the actual needs of applied technical college students.
The Trend Prediction of the New Public Management Model Based on the Discrete Dynamic Evolution Model
Authors: Zheng Xiaoming
Published: April 2022

At present, Western theoretical circles have gradually reached a goal-oriented consensus on “civic participation in public management.” This study provides an in-depth discussion of this synchronic view. At present, China’s political and economic environment, government, and citizens’ quality have undergone positive changes. The Chinese government has accelerated the practice of public management reform. Of course, there are also regional imbalances in the process of improving the public management mechanism in China. At the level of citizens, government, and society, there is a mismatch between supply and demand. With the increasing demands of citizens, the contradictions and crises in social life and public management are still intensifying. After clarifying these “risks” and “lag,” the study makes recommendations for the practice of “citizen-participatory public management” in China. This paper studies from three dimensions of citizen’s subjectivity, interpersonality, and sociality and specifically explores organizational flexibility, flattening, and diversity. The study expects to build a cooperative relationship between citizens and the environment and then build a “citizen participation” government. “Public management” has not been carried out in China for a long time, and its practicality is still limited. In this new management mode, realizing the benign interaction between citizens and the government is the key to the research. An important breakthrough point is to continue to nurture and develop community organizations (nonprofit organizations). This is because, by nurturing and developing community organizations, citizens can be provided with areas to realize their potential and achieve their aspirations. At the same time, this will also contribute to the multidimensional and diversified development of the organization. Most importantly, community organizations make public organizations more adaptable to the adjustment and integration of the external environment.
Deciphering the Pharmacological Potentials of Methanol Extract of Sterculia foetida Seeds Using Experimental and Computational Approaches
Authors: Alam Najmul , Banu Naureen , Alam Nobi ul , Ruman Umme , Khan Zidan , Ibn Aziz Md. Arfin , Barua Niloy , Chy Farhana Jahan , Jahan Afrin , Juthy Tamalika Sarker , Nassan Mohamed A. , El-Bahy Salah M. , Abdel-Rahman Mohamed Amany , Sayeed Mohammed Aktar , Emran Talha Bin
Published: April 2022

The edible herb Sterculia foetida L. has potential nutraceutical and medicinal effects. The present study is performed to assess the possible antidiabetic, neuropharmacological, and antidiarrheal activity of the methanolic extract of S. foetida seeds (MESF) through in vitro, in vivo, and in silico approaches. When compared to standard acarbose, the results of the antidiabetic study provided strong proof that the glucose level in the MESF was gradually decreased by inhibiting the function of α-amylase enzymes. The sedative potential of MESF (200 and 400 mg/kg) was determined by employing open field, hole cross, and thiopental sodium-induced sleeping time tests, which revealed significant reductions in locomotor performance and increased sleep duration following MESF treatment. In addition, mice treated with MESF exhibited superior exploration during elevated plus maze and hole board tests. MESF also showed good antidiarrheal activity in castor oil-induced diarrhea and intestinal motility tests. Previously isolated compounds (captan, 1-azuleneethanol, acetate, and tetraconazole) exhibited good binding affinity in docking studies and drug-likeliness properties in absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion/toxicity (ADME/T), and toxicological studies. Collectively, these results indicate the bioactivity of S. foetida, which represents a potential candidate in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Performance of VR Technology in Environmental Art Design Based on Multisensor Information Fusion under Computer Vision
Authors: Xu Tao
Published: April 2022

Multisensor information fusion technology is a symbol of scientific and technological progress. This paper is aimed at discussing the performance of virtual reality (VR) technology in the environmental art design of multisensor information fusion technology. This paper prepares some related work in the early stage and then lists the algorithms and models, such as the multisensor information fusion model based on VR instrument technology, and shows the principle of information fusion and GPID bus structure. This paper describes the multisensor information fusion algorithm to analyze DS evidence theory. In the evidence-based decision theory, the multisensor information fusion process is the calculation of the qualitative level and/or confidence level function, generally calculating the posterior distribution information. In addition to showing its algorithm, this paper also shows the data flow of the multisensor information fusion system through pictures. Then, this paper explains the design and construction of garden art environment based on active panoramic stereo vision sensor, shows the relationship of the four coordinates in an all-round way, and shows the interactive experience of indoor and outdoor environmental art design. Then, this paper conducts estimation simulation experiments based on EKF and shows the results, and it is concluded that the fusion data using the extended Kalman filter algorithm is closer to the actual target motion data and the accuracy rate is better than 92%.
Optimal Control Problem Governed by an Evolution Equation and Using Bilinear Regular Feedback
Authors: Shuwaysh Alanazi Badriah , Ould Sidi Maawiya
Published: April 2022

We solve an optimal control problem governed by an evolution equation using bilinear regular feedback. Using optimization techniques, we show how to approximate the flow of a reaction‐diffusion bilinear system by a desired target. For application, we consider the regional flow problem constrained by a bilinear distributed system. The paper ends by an example illustrating the numerical approach of the proposed method.
A Method of Two New Augmented Lagrange Multiplier Versions for Solving Constrained Problems
Authors: Saeed Chilmeran Hamsa Th. , Hamed Eman T. , Ahmed Huda I. , Al-Bayati Abbas Y.
Published: April 2022

One of the more restrictive methods of improvement is the augmented Lagrange method. Two versions are built in the external framework and the internal framework of the proposed method. The first basic version of the proposed algorithm includes a new derivation of Lagrange multiples and different penalty criteria, and the second version is the internal framework in which the unconstrained algorithm known as the conjugate gradient (CG) method was incorporated; also, a new parameter was derived in the search direction. The numerical results are indicative of the stability, efficiency, and speed of the proposed algorithm, based on performance profiles provided by Dolan and More.
Plugging Performance of a New Sulfonated Tannin Gel System Applied in Tight Oil Reservoir
Authors: Xu Tianhan , Wang Jian , Bai Zhiwen , Wang Junheng , Zhao Peng
Published: April 2022

In this study, based on the high-temperature characteristics of Western China tight oil reservoirs, a phenolic-larch tannin, temperature-resistant, plugging agent was synthesized by changing the mass fractions of larch tannin, double cross-linking agent, and accelerator. Young’s modulus of the dispersed gel was directly measured by an atomic force microscope, and the macroscopic plugging performance was evaluated by a physical simulation experiment of the artificially fractured natural core from Western China tight oil oilfield, thereby establishing a mapping relationship between the two. Research indicates that the formula of the high-temperature-resistant tannin system optimized by the experiment is

3.0
%
sulfonated
 
tannin
+
3.0
%
formaldehyde
 
cross
‐
linking
 
agent
+
1.0
%
phenol
 
cross
‐
linking
 
agent
+
0.05
%
MnS

O

4

 
accelerator

; the mechanical strength of the tannin gel and its plugging performance have a linear relationship. When Young’s modulus rises from 18.74 to 63.89 KPa, the plugging rate rises from 94.11% to 97.44%.
Stability Regions and Bifurcation Analysis of a Delayed Predator-Prey Model Caused from Gestation Period
Authors: Binatari Nikenasih , Adi-Kusumo Fajar , Aryati Lina
Published: April 2022

We consider a saturated predator-prey system with delayed time. The system is motivated by natural disease management using the interactions between the original and the treated species populations, such as Aedes aegypti and Wolbachia mosquitoes, fertile and infertile pests as a pesticide’s effect, uninfected and infected cancer cells by an oncolytic virus, and so forth. The delayed time shows the gestation effect of the treated populations where the impact on the stability of the unique positive equilibrium point of the system will be studied. We obtain the exact formula of the equilibrium point where it is asymptotically stable for the nondelay case. The stability region of the nonzero solution is given in parameter space following the Pontryagin criteria. Furthermore, some conditions, such that for delay case this solution is conditionally stable, are also provided in this study.
Salivary Proteome, Inflammatory, and NETosis Biomarkers in Older Adult Practitioners and Nonpractitioners of Physical Exercise
Authors: Pacheco Valeria B. , Nery Giulia , Fernandes Larissa L. , Santana Thais V. , Jimenez Manuel , Borges Leandro , Hatanaka Elaine , Braga Pedro , Monteiro Fernanda R. , Amaral Jônatas B. , Alves Luana S. , Bachi André L. L. , da Silva Sérgio Gomes , Birbrair Alexander , Heller Débora
Published: April 2022

Since aging has been associated with increased production of inflammatory biomarkers, the ability to monitor older adults repeatedly is highly desirable, and saliva is an interesting biofluid for the search of biomarkers, as it is easily accessible in a noninvasive manner. However, given the incipient knowledge of salivary biomarkers in aging and its relationship to physical exercise, the present study is aimed at evaluating the protein expression and the levels of inflammatory and NETosis biomarkers in the saliva of practitioners (PE) and nonpractitioners (NPE) of physical exercise older adults. Six (6) practitioner and 4 nonpractitioner older adults were enrolled in this study. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected for analysis of the proteome by label-free mass spectrometry, as well as of the inflammatory status by evaluation of C-reactive protein (CRP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and cytokines (TNF-α, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, and IL-8), while NETosis was assessed by myeloperoxidase (MPO) and neutrophil elastase. Regarding oral health, the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMF-T) index, bleeding on probing, suppuration, and probing depth measurement (mm) were evaluated. In addition, functional capacity was investigated using the General Physical Fitness Index (GPFI). In relation to the proteome analysis, 93 and 143 proteins were found exclusively in the PE and NPE groups, respectively; 224 proteins were common to both groups. Among these proteins, 10 proteins showed statistical difference (

p
<
0.05

) between the groups: alpha-2-macroglobulin, component 3 of the complement, serotransferrin, and protein soluble in brain acid 1 were less expressed, while lactotransferrin, alpha-amylase 1, S100-A8, S100-A9, lactoperoxidase, and galectin-3 binding protein were more expressed in the PE group. No differences between groups were observed in the analysis of inflammatory and NETosis biomarkers. This study shows the potential utility of saliva for detecting protein biomarkers in a noninvasive biological sample of the elderly population.
Clinical Outcomes and Predictors of Patients with Fracture in Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, North West Ethiopia: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yimenu Beminet , Mengist Belayneh
Published: April 2022

Background. Fracture continues to be a major public health concern in many parts of the developing world that results in several consequences and complications including lifelong morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess clinical outcomes of patients following fracture in Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, North West Ethiopia. Methods. An institution-based prospective cohort study was conducted from November 2020 to July 2021 among 207 fracture patients (69 visited traditional bone setter and 138 did not visit traditional bone setter). Data were collected through face-to-face interviews, physical examinations, and radiological investigations. Data were entered using Epi-Data version 3.1 and analysis was done using STATA 14 statistical software. Descriptive statistics were summarized using mean, median, standard deviation, and percentage and presented in tables and figures. The generalized linear model was fitted to identify the risks of the outcome variable. Risk Ratio with its 95% confidence interval was used and factors with a P-value less than 0.05 were considered as a statistically significant association. Result. The mean age of the participants was 37.5 ± 13.6 years and two-thirds of the participants were males. Nearly half of the patients 92 (44%), 50 (54%) from the exposed and 42 (46%) from the nonexposed group, were delayed getting treatment from the hospital. The majority of the patients had been treated with Plaster of Paris immobilization (55%) followed by fixation (15%) and a combination of both (12%). Nearly half of the participants (48%), 74% from the exposed and 35% from the nonexposed group, developed complications during the follow-up period. The commonest complication was joint stiffness (45%) followed by osteoarthritis (21%). The risk of fracture-related complications among patients who did not visit traditional bone setter was decreased by 54% as compared to visitors (RR 0.46; 95% CI: (0.35, 0.60)) Conclusion. The magnitude of complications following the fracture is found to be high and the risk of complications among patients who visited traditional bone setters increased significantly. Therefore, prevention measures should be strengthened and integration between hospitals and traditional bone setters should be made so that basic training on fractures management will be given.
Photoprotective Potential, Cytotoxicity, and UPLC-QTOF/MS Analysis on Bioactive Solvent Fractions of Moringa concanensis Nimmo Bark
Authors: Santhanam Rameshkumar , Karunakaran Thiruventhan , Sowndhararajan Kandhasamy , Zulkifli Muhammad Faiz , Govindan Kothandaraman Mouriya , Aravindhan Veerasamy , Wan Ismail Wan Iryani
Published: April 2022

Moringa concanensis Nimmo (Moringaceae) belongs to the same family of M. oleifera (miracle tree) and is a medicinal plant traditionally used by Indians to treat various ailments related to diabetes, tumours, inflammation, and blood pressure. Despite its versatility, the photoprotective properties of the plant remain unclear. This study revealed the UV-protective properties of its methanol bark extract and respective subfractions, chloroform, hexane, and ethyl acetate through total phenolic and flavonoid content (TPC & TFC), antioxidant (DPPH), sun protecting factor (SPF) value, and UV absorption spectra analysis. This study also investigated on the inhibitory effect of the tested samples on collagenases and elastase, which are well-known for their role in the skin. The cytotoxic and H2O2 scavenging properties of M. concanensis in 3T3-L1 cells were explored. Finally, the phytochemical profiling of the active fraction was conducted through UPLC-QTOF/MS analysis. Among the tested fractions, the chloroform fraction of M. concanensis showed the highest TPC (30.92 ± 0.71 mg GAE/DW), TFC (29.05 ± 0.09 mg QE/DW), and antioxidant properties (IC50-6.616 ± 1.90 μgml−1). Additionally, chloroform fraction demonstrated the highest SPF value, 10.46 at 200 μgml−1, compared to the other tested fractions. All the fractions showed a broad absorption spectrum covering both UVA and UVB ranges. The chloroform fraction of M. concanensis also showed collagenase (50%) and elastase (IC50-2.95 ± 1.23 μgml−1) inhibition properties similar to the positive control. Cytotoxic results revealed that the chloroform fraction of M. concanensis prevented the H2O2-induced oxidative damage in 3T3-L1 cells even at lower concentrations (1.56 μgml−1). UPLC-QTOF/MS analysis tentatively identified the presence of bioactive flavonoids and phenolics such as astragalin, quercetin, isoquercetin, and caffeic acid in the active fraction of M. concanensis bark. Overall, it is suggested that the chloroform fraction of M. concanensis bark has the potency to be used as an active ingredient in sunscreen products.
Identification of Apple Disease Grades Based on the Attention Mechanism of Lesion Location and Improved Data Enhancement Method
Authors: Yin Tianzhen , Wang Dian
Published: April 2022

The output and quality of apples were greatly threatened by plant diseases. Identifying the types and grades of diseases in time was helpful to the management of diseases. When the disease occurs on a leaf, there was little change in the leaf except for the affected area. The traditional attention mechanism changed the weight of the network to all pixels in the image, which affected the ability of the network to extract the features of the lesion area. And the traditional method of data enhancement was easy to cause local similarity and local discontinuity of all sample features in the same disease grade. In this paper, the improved metric matrix for kernel regression (IMMKR) was used to reduce the influence of local similarity and local discontinuity of all sample features in the same class. Then, a new attention mechanism by fusing the lesion location based on visual features was proposed, and the attention of the model to the lesion area was strengthened. The experiments were carried out on three different diseases of apple named black rot, scab, and rust. The accuracy rate and recall rate of the new method on the combined dataset of PlantVillage and PlantDoc were 91.55% and 92.06%, respectively, which was superior to existing methods. This algorithm has important reference significance for the identification and promotion of crop diseases.
A General Numerical Algorithm for CDO Pricing Based on Single Factor Copula Framework and Nonhomogeneous Assumptions
Authors: Qu Shuanghong , Guo Yushan , Xu Yajing , Li Hua
Published: April 2022

In view of the fact that different factor Copula models are only applicable to different practical problems in collateralized debt obligations (CDO) market and that there is no semianalytical solution under nonhomogeneous assumptions to CDO pricing model, we designed a general numerical algorithm which was based on the framework of single factor Copula model and randomized quasi-Monte Carlo (RQMC) simulation method. We took two single factor Copula models as examples to conduct empirical study, in which the simulation results of RQMC and Monte Carlo (MC) simulation method were compared and analyzed based on variance changes. The result showed that the algorithm in this paper was not only applicable to general single factor Copula model but also very stable. So, it was a general and efficient numerical method to solve the problem of CDO pricing under nonhomogeneous assumptions.
Insulator String Detection Method Based on the InST-Net Network
Authors: Haoze Zhuo , Jiaming Han , Guoxing Zhou , Zhong Yang
Published: April 2022

Aiming at the problem of detecting insulator strings in aerial images, a detection method of insulator strings based on the InST-Net network is proposed in this paper. First, the ResNet50 network pretrained on the ImageNet dataset is used as the backbone network for insulator string feature extraction. Subsequently, for insulator strings of different imaging sizes in the image, three detection branches are designed based on the design ideas of the existing YOLO model. Finally, an SPP module is adopted to improve the feature extraction capability of each detection branch of the proposed InST-Net network. The experimental results show that the InST-Net network detection accuracy rate reaches 90.63%, which is higher than that of the four classic one-stage target detection networks and the existing insulator string detection network.
Joint Feature Selection of Power Load in Time Domain and Frequency Domain Based on Whale Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Hu Feng , Zhou Mengran , Li Mei , Bian Kai
Published: April 2022

Accurate classification of power load is the premise of demand-side response capability evaluation, which is of great significance for demand-side management. Therefore, this study proposes a selection method of joint characteristics of power load in time domain and frequency domain based on whale optimization algorithm. The electrical measurement data of six typical electrical equipment are selected to form the original power load identification dataset. Firstly, the time domain features and frequency domain features of the power load data are extracted, and then the joint characteristics of the power load are screened by Whale optimization algorithm (WOA). Finally, the selected feature information is used as the input to verify the performance of WOA on the joint characteristics of power load under back propagation neural network (BP), extreme learning machine (ELM), support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), decision tree (DT), and naive Bayesian (NB) classifiers. The results show that WOA can effectively screen out the 15 most helpful feature attributes for power load identification, which can not only improve the accuracy of power load identification but also effectively reduce the time cost of the algorithm, which is of reference value for further demand-side response strategy. At the same time, it is of great significance for intelligent dispatching of power system and improving the economic operation of the power system.
Kearns–Sayre Syndrome Minus: Two Cases of Identical Large-Scale Mitochondrial DNA Deletions with Presentations outside the Classical Triad
Authors: Gloria Pang Shir Wey , Chih Lee Hencher Han , Ng Wing kei Carol , Yau Eric Kin Cheong , Hui Joannie
Published: April 2022

A curious triad of retinitis pigmentosa, external ophthalmoplegia, and complete heart block was presented by Sayre et al. in 1958. Since then, the disorder named Kearns–Sayre syndrome (KSS) has come to represent patients with mitochondrial DNA deletions presenting before adulthood, primarily with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) and pigmentary retinopathy. However, it is increasingly noted that the presentations can well be variable despite similar genetic deletions. Here, we present two cases with identical large-scale mitochondrial DNA deletions but very dissimilar outlook.
The Influence of News Dissemination in the Micromedia Era Based on the Deep Trust Network Model
Authors: Li Gelang
Published: April 2022

With the development of technology and the traditional newspaper industry’s emphasis on technological dividends, news reporting will open up a larger market in the future. Since the deep trust network mode was proposed, news reports will have more room for changes in the future. Although we still have to insist that content is king, we cannot give up technology, let alone ignore the times. It is necessary to understand the importance and arduousness of the task of innovation in current affairs news reports, and to be firm in the new era, innovation in current affairs news reports lies in the core of voice. The article mainly puts forward the research questions and purposes and collects the literature of contemporary political news communication, the context of new media, and new news communication methods. This paper analyzes the application of deep trust network model in news communication and explained the content, research methodology, and innovation points. It focuses on the ecological background of local news and current affairs dissemination in the context of new media and highlights the impact and challenge activities of new media topics that combine today’s news coverage. Through case analysis, this article will analyze the present way of presenting news communication activities from four aspects: “content innovation,” “form innovation,” “means innovation,” and “communication power innovation.” The results showed that 43% of the respondents chose “primarily online reading” and 21% of the respondents chose “new reading tastes.” 14% of the respondents chose “reading with less paper,” and 11% of the respondents chose “mobile phone as one of the reading devices.”
2D-DIGE-Based Proteomic Profiling with Validations Identifies Vimentin as a Secretory Biomarker Useful for Early Detection and Poor Prognosis in Oral Cancers
Authors: Sivagnanam Ananthi , Shyamsundar Vidyarani , Kesavan Pallavi , Krishnamurthy Arvind , Thangaraj Soundara Viveka , Venugopal Divyambika Catakapatri , Kasirajan Hemashree , Ramani Pratibha , Sarma Vinutha Rachapudi , Ramshankar Vijayalakshmi
Published: April 2022

Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is an aggressive cancer with high morbidity and mortality rates, despite multimodality management. There are currently no clinically relevant molecular markers that identify patients at higher risk of recurrence and failure. We undertook 2D-DIGE proteomic profiling to study the differentially expressed proteins in OTSCC evaluating their role in prognosis. 2D-DIGE coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was performed on tissues obtained from early staged OTSCC along with its paired apparently adjacent normal tissue samples (

n
=
10

). Top upregulated protein was validated using immunohistochemistry (

n
=
345

), comprising of retrospective early stage OTSCC (

n
=
150

) and prospective series of oral precancers, normal, and oral cancers (

n
=
195

). Saliva samples collected from oral cancer and precancer samples were analyzed by ELISA (

n
=
146

). We found statistically significant differential expression in 151 proteins out of 700 proteins quantified. Top ten differentially regulated proteins were identified using mass spectrometry analysis. We found vimentin, the mesenchymal protein, to be the most upregulated protein in tongue tumor tissues compared to adjacent apparent normal tissues. Vimentin was found to be significantly overexpressed in oral precancers along with cancers compared to normal tissues. The vimentin expression correlated significantly with differentiated states of oral precancers and cancers. Vimentin was also detected at significantly higher levels in saliva collected from oral precancer and cancer patients compared to normal healthy volunteers. Validation of vimentin in an independent series of retrospective early staged OTSCC showed that the vimentin expression is significantly associated with treatment failures and poorer DFS. The vimentin expression is useful as both poor prognostic and early detection marker in oral cancer. Vimentin detection in saliva can be a diagnostic test to detect oral precancers that may have malignant potential, needing closer follow-up, and disease monitoring.
Application Optimization of University Aesthetic Education Resources Based on Few-Shot Learning from the Perspective of Ecological Aesthetic Education
Authors: Liu Yang
Published: April 2022

The idea of EAE (Ecological Aesthetic Education) is put forward on the basis of the mature development of ecological aesthetics and AE theory. Starting with EAE, establishing people’s aesthetic attitude and improving people’s spiritual realm will help to reverse people’s hostile attitude towards nature and rebuild the harmonious relationship between man and nature. This paper studies the application optimization of AE (aesthetic education) resources in universities based on ML (machine learning) from the perspective of resource development. The recommendation algorithm based on ML is the main idea of the classification of AE resources, and the classification model of AE resources is constructed. Through deep learning, we can learn the effective features of items from the content data in advance and then transform the learned features into CF (Collaborative Filtering) target learning task. Optimize the voting mechanism of the algorithm, and compare the RF_VM (random forest with optimized voting mechanism) algorithm with the traditional RF (random forest) algorithm. Experiments show that the algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively classify texts and has high feasibility.
Visual Landing Based on the Human Depth Perception in Limited Visibility and Failure of Avionic Systems
Authors: Mobini Maryam , Sabzehparvar Mehdi
Published: April 2022

This paper introduces a novel visual landing system applicable to the accurate landing of commercial aircraft utilizing human depth perception algorithms, named a 3D Model Landing System (3DMLS). The 3DMLS uses a simulation environment for visual landing in the failure of navigation aids/avionics, adverse weather conditions, and limited visibility. To simulate the approach path and surrounding area, the 3DMLS implements both the inertial measurement unit (IMU) and the digital elevation model (DEM). While the aircraft is in the instrument landing system (ILS) range, the 3DMLS simulates more details of the environment in addition to implementing the DOF depth perception algorithm to provide a clear visual landing path. This path is displayed on a multifunction display in the cockpit for pilots. As the pilot’s eye concentrates mostly on the runway location and touch-down point, “the runway” becomes the center of focus in the environment simulation. To display and evaluate the performance of the 3DMLS and depth perception, a landing auto test is also designed and implemented to guide the aircraft along the runway. The flight path is derived simultaneously by comparison of the current aircraft and the runway position. The Unity and MATLAB software are adopted to model the 3DMLS. The accuracy and the quality of the simulated environment in terms of resolution, the field of view, frame per second, and latency are confirmed based on FSTD’s visual requirements. Finally, the saliency map toolbox shows that the depth of field (DOF) implementation increases the pilot’s concentration resulting in safe landing guidance.
Tumor-Associated Regulatory T Cells in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Current Advances and Future Perspectives
Authors: Liang Jiaqi , Bi Guoshu , Shan Guangyao , Jin Xing , Bian Yunyi , Wang Qun
Published: April 2022

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most threatening malignant tumors to human health, with the overall 5-year survival rate being less than 30%. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), a functional subset of T cells, maintain immunologic immunological self-tolerance and homeostasis. Accumulating evidence has uncovered their implicated roles in various cancers in recent years. In NSCLC, they are associated with staging, therapeutic efficacy, and prognosis by infiltrating in tissues and thereby attenuating immunologic anticancer effects in patients. Tumor-associated Tregs display distinct immune signatures in NSCLC compared to thymus-derived Tregs, playing an important role in remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME). Targeting Tregs has become a novel direction for NSCLC patients, such as disrupting their immune-suppressive functions, blocking their trafficking into tumors, and inhibiting their development and/or activation. This review is aimed at elucidating the molecular mechanisms of tumor-associated Tregs in NSCLC and providing therapeutic targets relevant to Tregs.