bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New discovery of left atrial macroreentry tachycardia: originating from the spontaneous scarring of left atrial anterior wall
Authors: xuefeng zhu , chu hongxia , li jianping , wang chunxiao , li wenjing , wang zhen , Xu Zhiyuan , jing yanyan , zhao ruifu , zhong lin , hu naibao
Published: April 2021

Aims: This study sought to describe originating from the spontaneous
scarring of left atrial anterior wall (LAAW) left atrial macroreentry
tachycardia (LAMRT) clinical and electrophysiological characteristics,
mechanisms, the formation of substrates. Methods and Results: 9 of 123
patients (89% female, age 79.78±5.59 years) had LAMRT originating from
the LAAW and no cardiac surgery or prior left atrial (LA) ablation. The
mean tachycardia cycle length (TCL) was 241.67±38.00 milliseconds.
Spontaneous scars areas and low voltage areas (LVAs) in the LAAW were
found in all patients. Successful ablation of the critical isthmus
caused terminated of the LAMRT and was not inducible in all patients.
Arrhythmogenic substrates of LAMRT were the spontaneous scars of LAAW,
which matched with the aorta or/and pulmonary artery contact area. The
area under the curve (AUC) of age and combination of gender and age for
predicting the LAMRT originating from the LAAW were 0.918 and 0.951,
respectively, with a cutoff value of ≥73.5 years of age and gender
(female) predicting LAMRT with 88.9% sensitivity and 89% specificity.
Conclusion: Combination of gender and age provides a simple and useful
criterion to distinguish LAMRT from cavo-tricuspid isthmus (CTI)
-dependent atrial tachycardia in macroreentry atrial tachycardia (MRAT)
in patients without a history of surgery or ablation. Aorta or/and
pulmonary artery contacting LA may be related to spontaneous scars.
Ablation the isthmus eliminated LAMRT in all patients.
A MÚSICA ENQUANTO INSTRUMENTO DE ABORDAGEM DO PENSAMENTO FILOSÓFICO: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE TRABALHO EM ADORNO, HORKHEIMER E ARENDT COM ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Camilo Merielle , Danhoni Neves Marcos Cesar , Marcos Beloni Belmiro , Dutra Alessandra
Published: April 2021

Historicamente, a música é uma construção humana da subjetividade e criatividade dos indivíduos e, ao mesmo tempo, uma construção da identidade de grupo. A música revela ansiedades, modo de ser e desejos de uma sociedade, entre outros. Analisar as letras de músicas é desvendar um universo dentro de uma comunidade em determinado contexto. No presente trabalho, os alunos do terceiro ano do ensino médio foram instigados a analisarem músicas de diversos gêneros musicais, escolhidas a critério deles mesmos, com as temáticas: racismo, xenofobia, homofobia, misoginia e feminicídio. Objetivou-se explicitar as relações entre as letras de músicas conhecidas e como a mensagem reproduzida é introjetada e normalizada pelos ouvintes, não importando o discurso excludente ou opressor destas.  Os participantes, após o processo de escolha, puderam discutir os conceitos de indústria cultural, propaganda, cultura de massas (Escola de Frankfurt) e a banalização da maldade (Hannah Arendt), com resultado surpreendente do interesse dos alunos e ampliação de seu senso crítico em relação ao mundo ao seu redor.
Experimental Study of Beeswax / Rice Husk Ash Phase Changes Material as Energy Storage in Concrete
Authors: Thaib Razali
Published: April 2021

Buildings with lightweight concrete are currently used as a solution for mass housing construction which is relatively cheaper, although it does not provide indoor thermal comfort due to the use of this building material. Lightweight concrete building materials are able to store heat for a long time, so that at night the heat is released indoors. The combination of building materials and PCM is an efficient way to increase the storage capacity of thermal energy in building components. The purpose of this study was to determine the compressive strength of the concrete if the coarse aggregate (gravel) was replaced by part of the gravel material using the Phase Change Material of beeswax (beeswax) according to the required percentage starting from 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and if the aggregate was fine. (Sand) is partially replaced aby using Rice husk ash with various variations starting from 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%. In addition, this utilization is a good alternative, because there will be a process of utilizing rice husk ash which was previously wasted while these items can be used or processed into additives to the concrete mixture.
THEORETICAL-METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF ISOLATION OF NON-CLAIM CASES’ LITIGATION INTO THE SEPARATE TYPE OF LITIGATION
Authors: TENKAEV A.Yu.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of theoretical-methodological problems of isolation of non-claim cases’ litigation into the separate type of litigation. Classic types of litigation are listed, it is mentioned that the basic litigation in all meanings is claim litigation, its main feature is the dispute about law. In contrast beginning from the Roman law there are legal cases that have undisputable character. The main terms for the naming of such cases are searched: special litigation, protective litigation, voluntary jurisdiction. The author came to the conclusion that no one of them can be an universal term adequately reflecting the essence of this type of cases. The term “non-claim cases’ litigation” is suggested as the most suitable option. The study also notes that this approach can be taken into account by legislative bodies when making changes to procedural legislation, including in connection with the prospect of identifying the appropriate type in administrative proceedings. In addition, the study presents a retrospective analysis of individual institutions of civil procedural law, in a broad sense, and procedural thought.
THE RIGHT TO JUDICIAL PROTECTION AS A CONSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLE OF JUSTICE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE)
Authors: FOMIN A.A.
Published: April 2021

Procedural and legal principles, among which the right to judicial protection is of fundamental importance, reflect the specific patterns of judicial protective legal relations, innovative ideas of procedural legal doctrine and the results of the development of judicial practice. The procedural principles of law serve as criteria for assessing the effectiveness of the country’s judicial and legal policy and further modernization of the judicial and judicial legislation. An algorithm for the formation of the principles of law, including the principles of civil (arbitration) legal proceedings, within the framework of the dialectical-materialistic paradigm of scientific knowledge is considered. It is noted that positive authorization in the regulatory system of the state at the constitutional or sectoral level is a necessary prerequisite for the transformation of objective laws of public life into the principles of law and their subsequent inclusion in the mechanism of legal regulation. At the same time, it is substantiated that when building the concept of procedural principles of law, one should rely on democratic tendencies in domestic and international processes, form a constitutional attitude and new approaches to the study of the system of principles of law on the basis of a combination of decades of experience of dialectical and materialistic perception of principles of law with natural law ideas. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of constitutional and sectoral powers that form the content of the right to judicial protection, as a procedural principle of law, and acting as guarantees of ensuring legal certainty and legal security of civil procedure. A number of practical proposals are made to improve the civil (arbitration) procedural legislation aimed at increasing the efficiency of the institution of judicial protection in modern Russia.
Razrabotka nomenklatury ponyatij i logicheskih skhem po ambulatornomu vvedeniyu pacientov s podagroj
Authors: Осмоловский И. С. , Зарубина Т. В. , Шостак Н. А. , Кондрашов А. А. , Клименко А. А.
Published: April 2021

Podagra yavlyaetsya sistemnym tofusnym zabolevaniem, dlya kotorogo harakterny otlozhenie v razlichnyh tkanyah kristallov monourata natriya i razvivayushcheesya v svyazi s etim vospalenie. Diagnostika podagry v srednem po Rossii dlitsya do 8 let. Etogo vremeni dostatochno dlya razvitiya razlichnyh oslozhnenij (naprimer, podagricheskoj nefropatii) i invalidizacii pacienta. Neobhodimy strategii uluchsheniya kachestva okazyvaemoj pomoshchi pacientam. K odnoj iz takih strategij mozhno otnesti sozdanie ekspertnoj sistemy, kotoraya mogla by pomoch' specialistam zapodozrit' podagru i rekomendovat' taktiku ee lecheniya. Osnovoj ekspertnoj sistemy yavlyaetsya baza znanij. Cel'yu issledovaniya bylo sformirovat' nomenklaturu medicinskih ponyatij i logicheskih skhem vedeniya pacientov pri diagnostike i lechenii podagry dlya razrabotki ekspertnoj sistemy. V hode razrabotki nomenklatury bylo sobrano 1174 ponyatiya, kotorye legli v osnovu 40 logicheskih skhem po diagnostike podagry i 50 logicheskih skhem lecheniya zabolevaniya. Vse ukazannye informacionnye modeli verificirovany ekspertami.
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI ANDROID BERBASIS MOBILE OLEH-OLEH KHAS MINANGKABAU (Minang Pedia)
Authors: Bukharla Fauzan Alhaq , Nursyirwan Nursyirwan
Published: April 2021

AbstrakAplikasi Andorid Minang Pedia Oleh oleh Khas Minangkabau yang ditujukan pada pengembangan wilayah Sumatera Barat Sebagai produk dan layanan yang menyediakan fitur  berkualitas. Aplikasi ini bermanfaat bagi user untuk jual beli produk berupa makanan dan merchandise terkhususnya pada wisatawan luar. Aplikasi Minang Pedia melalui proses Observasi, Wawancara, dan Dokumentasi terhadap pengembangan idea layout, thumbnail, comprehensive layout, dan final design. Perancangan dimulai dari konsep, media, ide, data, serta divisualisasikan melalui aplikasi CoreldrawX7 dan Android Studio. Hasil dari perancangan berukuran 1920x1080 pixel menampilkan 6 bagian menu yaitu: Login, Splash, Kategori Produk, tentang, bantuan dan Logout. Aplikasi Minang Pedia menampilkan konsep modern bernuansa elegan, warna pada Aplikasi lebih dominan menggunakan warna marawa (merah kuning dan hitam ) yang mencakup pada tulisan minang pedia, warna merah pada header Aplikasi menampilkan kesan kegembiraan dan energic, warna kuning menarik perhatian pada tombol panel, dan warna hitam pada font headline dan subheadline, font yang digunakan yaitu OpenSans. Kata Kunci: aplikasi, android, layanan.AbstractAndroid Minang Pedia application by Khas Minangkabau aimed at developing the West Sumatra region as a product and service that provides quality features. This application is useful for users to buy and sell products in the form of food and merchandise, especially for foreign tourists. The Minang Pedia application goes through the process of Observation, Interview, and Documentation towards developing an idea layout, thumbnail, comprehensive layout, and final design. The design starts with concepts, media, ideas, data, and is visualized through the CoreldrawX7 and Android Studio applications. The results of the design measuring 1920x1080 pixel display 6 menu sections, namely: Login, Splash, Product Category, about, help and Logout. The Minang Pedia application displays a modern concept with an elegant nuance, the colors in the application are predominantly using the marawa color (red, yellow and black) which includes Minang pedia writing, the red color in the application header displays a joyful and energetic impression, the yellow color draws attention to the panel buttons, and black color in the headline and subheadline fonts, the font used is OpenSans.  Keywords: applications, android, services.
SENI KOLASE KARYA SISWA KELAS X MIA 2 SMA AL-FITYAN SCHOOL MEDAN DENGAN OBJEK BUAH
Authors: Syahputra Jaka , Ibrahim Anam
Published: April 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan Untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan siswa SMA Al-Fityan School Medan dalam menciptakan karya dengan objek buah menggunkan teknik kolase. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Objek yang digambar untuk berkaryaseni teknik kolase ini adalah buah-buahan yang telah disusun sedemikian rupa untuk kemudian dapat ditiru oleh siswa. Adapun populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah  siswa kelas X Mia SMA Al-Fityan School Medan dengan jumlah 31 siswa dan sampel yaitu dengan jumlah 3 siswa, dengan menggunakan teknik purposive Sampling. Aspek prinsip prinsip seni rupa yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini yaitu bentuk, warna, komposisi dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara  keseluruhan karya seni teknik kolase dengan objek buah-buahan karya siswa X Mia SMA Al-Fityan School Medan dikategorikan baik. Secara keseluruhan aspek bentuk dikategorikan cukup baik, warna memperoleh kategori baik,komposisi memperoleh kategori baik, dan teknik memperoleh kategori baik.Kata Kunci: seni kolase, objek buah.AbstractThis study aims to determine the level of ability of students at SMA Al-Fityan School Medan in creating works with fruit objects using collage techniques. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The objects drawn for this collage technique art work are fruits that have been arranged in such a way that students can then imitate them. The population in this study were students of class X Mia SMA Al-Fityan School Medan with a total of 31 students and a sample of 3 students, using purposive sampling technique. Principles of the principles of fine arts examined in this study are shape, color, composition and technique. The results showed that overall the collage technique with fruit objects by X Mia SMA Al-Fityan School Medan was categorized as good. Overall, the shape aspect is categorized as quite good, the color is in a good category, the composition is in a good category, and the technique is in a good category..Keywords: collage art, fruit objects.
EKSPERIMEN MOTIF BENTUK FLORA DENGAN MEDIA SABUN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK UKIR
Authors: Asmayuni Asmayuni , Soeprayogi Heri
Published: April 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan : (1) untuk mendeskripsikan proses pembuatan motif flora dengan teknik ukir menggunakan media sabun batangan. (2) untuk mengetahui hasil dari pembuatan motif flora dengan teknik ukir menggunakan media sabun batangan. (3) untuk mengetahui kelebihan dan kekurangan dari pembuatan motif flora dengan teknik ukir menggunakan media sabun batangan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Swasta Salsa Percut Sei Tuan. Jumlah populasi penelitian 38 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel penelitian adalah total sampling, yaitu teknik pengambilan sampel sumber data yang apabila populasi berjumlah dibawah 100 maka sampel adalah keseluruhannya. Data penelitian ini dijaring dari hasil eksperimen, observasi serta penilain oleh 3 orang validator. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa hasil eksperimen motif flora dengan media sabun batangan menggunakan teknik ukir dikatakan baik, dilihat dari karya yang di kategori baik di presentasi 36,8% sedangkan untuk kategori cukup baik di presentase 63,2%. siswa mampu memenuhi standart penilaian yang ditetapkan terhadap siswa dengan minimum nilai yaitu 70 hingga hasil akhir pada proses pembuatan eksperimen motif flora dengan media sabun batangan menggunakan teknik ukir menunjukkan bahwa 38 siswa mencapai ketuntasan.Kata Kunci: eksperimen, motif flora, sabun, ukir.AbstractThis study ai aims: (1) to describe the process of making flora motifs using carving techniques using bar soap media. (2) to determine the results of the making of floral motifs with carving techniques using bar soap media. (3) to determine the advantages and disadvantages of making flora motifs by using carving techniques using bar soap media. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques used are observation and documentation. This research was conducted at the Private Junior High School of Salsa Percut Sei Tuan. The number of research population is 38 students. The research sampling technique was total sampling, namely the sampling technique for data sources, if the population was below 100, the sample was the whole. The research data was collected from the results of experiments, observations and judgments by 3 validators. From the research results, it is concluded that the experimental results of flora motifs with bar soap media using carving techniques are said to be good, seen from the works that are in the good category at the presentation of 36.8% while for the fairly good category at the percentage of 63.2%. Students are able to meet the standard assessment set for students with a minimum score of 70 until the final result in the process of making experiments with flora motifs using bar soap media using carving techniques shows that 38 students achieve completeness.Keywords: experiments, floral motif, soap, carving.
PENGEMBANGAN UNIT USAHA USU PELAYANAN LABORATORIUM PATOLOGI ANATOMIK TAHUN 2020
Authors: Delyuzar Delyuzar , Ramli Muhammad , Alferraly Tengku Ibnu , Hidayat Hidayat , Suryadi Dedy
Published: April 2021

Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman dan teknologi di semua bidang, termasuk laboratorium patologi anatomik, maka laboratorium patologi anatomik FK USU juga harus ikut berperan terhadap segala perubahan, terutama dalam hal kepentingan USU, baik dalam hal akreditasi maupun usaha meningkatkan pendapatan melalui unit usaha mandiri. Potensi yang dimiliki unit usaha pelayanan patologi anatomik sangat besar untuk dikembangkan, diantaranya pelayanan patologi anatomik terhadap pasien dan masyarakat, pendidikan dan penelitian terhadap mahasiswa, ini semua harus difasilitasi dan dikembangkan dengan cara dukungan unit usaha berbasis sistem teknologi informasi. Ada beberapa kendala yang dihadapi pada program ini, diantaranya keterbatasan tenaga kesehatan dan peralatan.Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kunjungan pasien dan penghasilan laboratorium patologi anatomik FK USU, solusi berupa perbaikan manajemen professional dan promosi laboratorium patologi anatomik yang dapat melakukan pelayanan yang lebih lengkap berbasis biologi molekuler dan teknologi informatika untuk kepentingan akreditasi dan pendapatan dari unit usaha pelayanan patologi anatomik FK USU. Tahun 2021 kita harapkan unit usaha ini telah berkembang sebagi laboratorium patologi anatomik dengan pemeriksaan biologi molekuler dan menjadi pusat konsultasi berbasis web dan teknologi informatika. Kata kunci: Laboratorium, Patologi Anatomik, Web, Teknologi Informatika
PENERAPAN SAYUR PETIK DENGAN BERBAGAI KEMASAN DI PASAR TRADISIONAL SEBAGAI UPAYA EFISIENSI DISTRIBUSI SAMPAH
Authors: Nurwahyuni Isnaini , Mizawarti Mizawarti , Situmorang Hasianna Nopina
Published: April 2021

Permasalahan sampah pasar tradisional akibat kegiatan jual beli dipasar memberikan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Sampah pasar yang berupa sisa sayur-sayuran, buah-buahan, dan makanan lainnya adalah  bahan yang mudah membusuk dan menghasilkan bau tidak sedap. Masalah ini juga yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat dan pedagang di Pasar Tradisional Setia Kongsi Kecamatan Medan Sunggal, Kota medan. Pemilahan sampah dari sayuran yang diterapkan melalui Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat di pasar ini berupa metode sayur petik yang dikemas menggunakan kotak plastik dan kantong plastik dengan berbagai ukuran. Selain mudah disimpan, sayuran yang dalam keadaan segar dan bersih akan mudah dimasak sehingga menghewat waktu dan tenaga dalam mengolah bahan makanan. Partisipasi aktif dari pedagang sayuran dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini diharapkan  dapat mewujudkan pasar menjadi bersih dan tertata dengan baik. Metode ini juga merupakan salah satu cara mengurangi jumlah sampah dari pasar tradisional ke rumah tangga yang sekaligus dapat mengefisiensikan distribusi sampah dalam hal waktu, tenaga dan biaya.Kata Kunci :Sampah, Pasar Tradisional, Sayuran,dan Pemilahan
E-COMMERCE UNTUK OPTIMALISASI PEMASARAN PRODUK DI ERA DIGITAL BAGI USAHA MIKRO KELOMPOK TANI PANGESTU RAKYAT DESA BARUMANIS KABUPATEN REJANG LEBONG
Authors: Sugianto Nanang , Utama Ferzha Putra
Published: April 2021

Permasalahan pokok yang dialami oleh Kelompok Tani Pangestu Rakyat Desa Barumanis dalam membangun usaha mikro produksi bubuk kopi mulai dari permasalahan pengemasan hingga pemasaran produk “Pandu Coffee” telah berangsur terselesaikan. Sistem pengemasan dan pemasaran sudah serba bersentuhan dengan teknologi dan menyesuaikan dengan kemajuan era digital. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan partisipatif yang menerapkan setidaknya empat metode antara lain metode pendidikan, pelatihan, subtitusi dan difusi IPTEKS. Metode pendekatan teori dan praktek meliputi pendampingan pengetahuan TIK untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dalam merancang, mambuat dan menerapkan kemasan produk dan e-commerce sebagai instrumen pemasaran dan penjualan secara online. Hasil yang dicapai bersama mitra antara lain pembaruan wujud kemasan produk kopi dan terciptanya sistem pemasaran produk yang dilakukan secara online seperti media sosial (Gmail, facebook, Instagram, dan youtube) dan website. Produk Pandu Coffee saat ini berangsur semakin dikenal banyak orang yang ditandai dengan bertambahnya jumlah pengunjung yang mengunjungi media sosial dan website Pandu Coffee. Calon pelanggan dapat memesan produk melalui Shoppee dan Tokko.io sebagai marketplacenya. Setelah menerapkan e-commerce, penjualan produk mitra meningkat signifikan, yaitu menjual 500 bungkus (125 Kg) dan menghasilkan laba hingga Rp. 5.000.000,- hanya selama 2 bulan. Perbaikan kemasan dan penerapan e-commerce pada produk mitra dinilai efektif untuk menambah pendapatan mitra. Kata kunci: kemasan, e-commerce, Pandu Coffee, Kelompok Tani Pangestu Rakyat, Barumanis
Representations of Family Concept in Senior Preschool Age Children
Authors: SAKHAROVA Tatiana , ZHURAVLEVA Inna , BATAEVA Maria
Published: April 2021

Peculiarities of representations of family concept in senior preschool-age children are considered in the article. The authors of the article define representations as a certain vision of the world and relationships in it that help an individual to adapt to the world around him. According to the authors, the style of child-parent relations has an impact on the formation of a child’s ideas about family. As a result of empiric research, the authors come to the conclusion that the personality-centred style of child-parent relationship fosters ideas of positive family relations in senior preschool-age children. The tolerant type of child-parent relations determines the formation of the concept of neutral family relations in older preschool children. The ego-isolated style of child-parent relationships contributes to the formation of negative ideas about family relationships in senior preschool children. The empirical research has shown the predominance of ideas about positive family relationships in senior preschool children. In general, children of senior preschool age include family members, people and animals who live together with the child in the representation of the family, describe joint recreation and pastime, note the care of themselves as a child and characterize the features of emotional relationships between themselves and other family members. All three types of family concepts’ representations are manifested both in boys and girls. It is possible to trace the tendency of the predominance of ideas about negative family relations in boys, the predominance of ideas about neutral family relations in girls of senior preschool age.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEMEGANG HAK DESAIN INDUSTRI SEPATU TERHADAP IMITASI (Studi Perbandingan dengan Amerika Serikat)
Authors: Laksmana Muhammad Faizal Akbar
Published: April 2021

The development of the shoe industry in Indonesia today raises new problems where the similarity of shoe designs between several brands is a new problem that arises. The shoe industry design rights holders which should be highly protected have not fully received strong legal protection and there are no regulations that discuss in detail about design imitation. This writing uses a comparative method, namely the author compares with the United States that has protected industrial design rights holders since 1989 and has proven successful in protecting industrial design rights holders, therefore this comparison is important so that regulations on industrial design rights in Indonesia can benefit rights holders.
Measuring the morphology of suburban settlements: Scale-dependent ambiguities of residential density development in the Prague Urban Region
Authors: Zévl Jiří-Jakub , Ouředníček Martin
Published: April 2021

The academic debate on methodological approaches to the measurement of urban sprawl, particularly its most cited dimension, the density of residential settlement, is discussed in this article. The methodology of point pattern analysis, and its benefits in comparison to land-use data analysis, especially for researching the morphology of residential development, is examined. This empirical study was conducted in the hinterland of Prague and is based on point data from 2007, 2010 and 2016. The paper contributes to the scholarly discussion of suburbanisation in Central and Eastern European countries, including the morphology of suburban development. The role of scale is also emphasised, given our observation of two ambiguous means of development, namely spatial dispersion at the regional scale and increasing density at the local scale. The findings support claims regarding the crucial role of micro-scale research in understanding suburban form. The largest Czech suburb of Jesenice serves as a case study, where the morphology of built-up areas is analysed in the local context.
Managing Crisis Communication Via Social Media
Authors: Špoljarić Anja
Published: April 2021

Social media is becoming omnipresent in everyone’s daily life, which is changing the way consumers think, act and buy. Organizations are aware of the possibilities that may occur from developing social media communication strategies, but oftentimes forget to predict and block negative consequences. Information spreadability and bad communication practices are the perfect trigger of a social media crisis, which is why it is crucial for organizations to know what kind of communication, both internal and external, they need to implement. To explore consumers’ opinions on social media crisis communication, an online survey was conducted. 125 participants gave their insight into their expectations of the types and tone of social media messages organizations should communicate during a time of crisis. These findings could be used as a guideline for crisis communication planning, considering they examine what types of messages consumers prefer, and which medium of communication they prefer. Even though it is recognized that crisis situations can have a huge impact on an organization’s wellbeing, consumers’ perspective on crisis communication still has not been researched thoroughly.
The Identity Crisis of post-1997 Hong Kong: An Examination of the Composition and Fluidity of Hong Kong Identity
Authors: Ho Terence
Published: April 2021

Hong Kong's history as a former British colony and current Special Administrative Region of China presents a unique case study in the formation of identity. To this day, many residents of Hong Kong do not view themselves as Chinese, that is, part of the People's Republic of China. Rather, surveys conducted by the Chinese University of Hong Kong reveal locals adopt the labels of "Hong Konger in China", "Chinese in Hong Kong" and "Hongkonger". In light of these findings, this study will examine the composition and fluidity of Hong Kong identity.

This study will first show how Hong Kong fails to meet the criteria for a unified identity with China as outlined by Anthony Smith in National Identity. The study then draws from Agnieszka Joniak-Lüthi's assertion in The Han Minzu, Fragmented Identities and Ethnicity that identities serve a dual purpose: as explanations of events and processes, and also as tokens of social positioning in instances of power distribution. The study proceeds to analyze four situations in which locals in Hong Kong chose to adopt either a Hong Kong identity or a Chinese identity, depending on the benefits and status procured from each identity: a mainland Chinese girl eating noodles on the subway, mainland Chinese mothers giving birth in Hong Kong, the Diaoyu islands dispute, and the 2008 Beijing Olympics. The study confirms that Hong Kong and Chinese identities co-exist among Hong Kong residents. Moreover, the study concludes that Hong Kong identity, despite its ambiguity, is undoubtedly calculated and reasoned.
The Cost of the First World War to the United States
Authors: Tannas Kristen
Published: April 2021

In this paper, a calculation of cost of the First World War to the United States is performed with the aim of evaluating the impact of the War on the American economy. The method used to make this calculation is based on the work of economic historians Claudia Goldin and Frank Lewis, who studied the cost of the American Civil War. This method involves the calculation first of the “direct cost” of the war, which represents the value of economic losses made up of war expenditures, casualties and the opportunity cost of drafted soldiers. The “indirect cost” of the War is also calculated to measure the impact of the War on American economic growth by projecting economic growth in a hypothetical world where the First World War did not occur and comparing it to the economic growth actually experienced in the United States. This calculation is meant to capture any positive effects that the War may have had. For the calculations, data was drawn from a number of primary sources including censuses and government documents. The results of both of these calculations show that the First World War had a negative impact on American growth and represented a massive drain of economic resources. In particular, the indirect cost calculation shows that American growth slowed considerably in the decade following the War. This result is significant as it contradicts the common view of the postwar period prior to the Great Depression as being one of great prosperity in the United States.
Is Change Essential To Time?
Authors: Moore Brittany
Published: April 2021

There has been debate between A-theorists and B-theorists concerning the nature of time. The A-theory presents time as moving itself and that every moment passes from past, to present, and then to future. In short, in A-theory, time itself passes. The B-theory, on the other hand, says that all moments are equally present and that there is only past and future. In the B-theory of time, time itself doesn’t move, but according to the B-theorist, there is plenty of change within time. Looking at the famous Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and Samuel Clarke (Isaac Newton’s representative) debate, Correspondence, this paper addresses the opinions surrounding space, time, and change. If Leibniz is correct in proposing that space is what occurs between objects – thus defending the relational theory of space called relationism – then it can be assumed that change is essential to time. In the end, it can be assumed that if there were to be no objects left in the universe, space would no longer exist. If space or objects did not exist, then there would be no change. Conclusively, if there were no change, time would cease to exist.
Why History Should be Perceived Transnationally
Authors: Klos Sandra
Published: April 2021

Even though the concept of nationhood is a fairly recent and Western idea, it has left its mark not only on history itself, but on the way we are able to think, understand, and teach history. I have chosen a specific topic in German history, the stab-in-the-back legend of the First World War, which traditionally has always been conceptualized as a mere German discourse. Through an analysis of French newspapers, however, I was able to show that the myth of a never militarily defeated German army had meaning and consequences not only for German domestic politics, but transgressed national borders. It was a provocation well noted abroad, a journalistic tool to criticize French foreign politics, and an increasingly important influence of the war memorial in interwar France. This study revealed transnational aspects of history that are commonly overlooked when working within national frameworks. While history textbooks one hundred years later emphasize the great impact of the stab-in-the-back legend for German mentalities, we limit our views to national boundaries, and fail to acknowledge the impact of a globalized media industry. Not only was the German legend familiar to large parts of the French public, it also served as a historical site where the French national identity was formed against the backdrop the German “other.” The legend’s discourse thus perpetuated war images that legitimized French war efforts and losses. Hence, a transnational perspective of history does not negate the concept of nation, but transcends it.
A System for Visualizing and Assessing Electromagnetic Tracking Error during Computer-­‐assisted Surgery
Authors: Harish Vinyas
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE: Electromagnetic tracking is used in image-­‐guided interventions to monitor the position of surgical equipment. However, it is prone to error. During navigation procedures, the measurement and visualization of error should take place to ensure precision and accuracy. Our goal was to extend open-­‐source software such that no programming from the user is needed for error monitoring.

 

METHODS: The electromagnetic tracking error was defined as the difference in position readings of a surgical stylus that was optically and electromagnetically tracked. The optical tracking reading was considered ground truth as it is unaffected by metal objects. The stylus was moved freehandedly within a region of interest to quickly sample electromagnetic tracking error, including error caused by field-­‐distortion inducing ferromagnetic materials and random noise. All tracked devices were used in a plug-­‐and-­‐play manner. Measurements were visualized in real-­‐time in 3D Slicer, an open-­‐ source platform for medical image computing (www.slicer.org).

 

RESULTS: To determine the reproducibility of the data collected by our system, the tracking error was measured in regions of interest representing a surgeon’s workspace. Tests were done with and without metal objects placed in the workspace. A quick freehand sampling procedure was sufficient to detect error. Freehand measurements within a controlled environment reported distortion values of 1.16 mm (STD 0.71 mm). Measurements taken with a metal rod and parts from a surgical retractor kit were 4.27 mm (STD 2.92 mm) and 8.26 mm (STD 2.08 mm), respectively.

 

CONCLUSION: Our system shows promise for the real-­‐time visualization of

electromagnetic tracking error during computer-­‐assisted surgical procedures
Book Review of International Migration Law by Vincent Chetail
Authors: Gulina Olga
Published: April 2021

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Book Review of The Palestinian Authority in the West Bank: The Theatrics of Woeful Statecraft by Michelle Pace and Somdeep Sen
Authors: Campbell Delaney
Published: April 2021

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Pandemics and 'Zombies': How to Think Tropical Imaginaries with Cinematic Cosmologies
Authors: Kroulík Milan
Published: April 2021

The tropics in occidental imaginaries are typically coded as either edenic paradise or as hell. It is in the latter mode that they come to be linked with zombies, diseases, and questions relating to the autonomy of the human body. In this article I first summarise historical connections between colonialism and the tropics as expressed through dealings with disease set against a background of Christian-secular cosmology. I then further think the issue with two films that approach disease and the tropics through the zombie, which I conceive of as radical heteronomy. One film, Zombi 2, is a Euro-American engagement with the tropics as imagined from a temperate zone and a Christian tradition. The other, Cemetery of Splendor, is a Thai film that engages notions of disease and the autonomy of the human body from within the tropics and a Buddhist imaginary. I tie these questions of disease, ‘zombies’ and the tropics in with more general discussions of cosmologies, including those of the moderns. The displacement of modern ontological certainty (which is imagined through the zombie and conditioned by cultural and ideological imagination) opens a space for engaging the problem of a pandemic with notions of subjectivity and corporeality. An underlying thematic throughout this article is an argument for the importance of the cinema image in dealing with bio/socio/political issues. Here, in this translation of the cinematic world into discourse we are engaged at the intersection of tropics, disease, bodies and heteronomy.
Making Sense of Pandemic COVID-19 and its Affect(abilities) in the Indian Context
Authors: Ghosal Abhisek
Published: April 2021

This article seeks to reflect on pandemic COVID-19 and its diverse affect(abilities) in the context of India. After the outbreak of the novel coronavirus in India, the government resorted to a number of restrictive measures including quarantine, lockdown, self-isolation, and self-monitoring in order to contain the rapid spread of the new virus. This article argues that the pandemic has rendered “historical ruptures” to the world at large, and seeks to examine how it has affected the ‘usual’ ways of living of marginalised people in India, including how migrant labourers have had to strive to come to terms with the dreadful consequences of the pandemic. Furthermore, this article puts into focus how certain governmental measures are brought into effect to check the affect(abilities) of COVID-19. In order to elaborate on these affect(abilities) certain critical philosophical standpoints are drawn. In the opening section, bio-philosophical nuances of illness are expounded. These are followed, in the second section, by a discussion of neuroeconomical aspects of these affect(abilities). In the third section, theoretical notions of potentiality, singularity, and transpolitical becomings are examined through Continental philosophies. Finally, particularities of the Indian context are critically elucidated in the context of affect(abilities) of pandemic COVID-19.
Running Naked and Unmasked in Goa: Pleasure in the Pandemic
Authors: Ferrão R. Benedito
Published: April 2021

In November 2020, Indian celebrity Milind Soman posted a picture of himself on social media, which showed him running naked on a beach. He was charged with obscenity. This article considers the time and place of Soman’s act over the alleged impropriety. The photograph was taken on a beach in Goa, the tropical setting serving as a pleasure periphery to India which annexed the region in 1961. Accordingly, a longer history of states of undress in Indian advertising, filmmaking, and tourism are considered here to apprehend how Goa has been posited in the Indian imagination as a destination for wanton self-gratification while local realities are undermined. The article thus interrogates what it means for Goa, whose economy is overly dependent on tourism, to serve as a vacation spot during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially when, in 2020, it had among the highest number of virus-related deaths in the country (Dias, 2020, par. 4). Using the metaphor of the celebrity who has no qualms about running naked and unmasked in Goa, this article enquires into what such events leave unrevealed in the economic requirement that some locales function as holiday destinations, even in the midst of a pandemic.
Impacts of Historical Pandemics on India: Through the Lens of 20th Century Hindi Literature
Authors: Priyanka Prachi
Published: April 2021

India has been swept by pandemics of plague, influenza, smallpox, cholera and other diseases. The scale and impact of these events was often cataclysmic and writers offered a glimpse into the everyday life of ordinary people who lost their lives and livelihoods and suffered the angst and trauma of mental, physical and emotional loss. This paper focuses on the devastation caused by pandemics especially in the Ganges deltaic plains of India. Through selected texts of 20th century Hindi writers – Munshi Premchand, Phanishwar Nath Renu, Suryakant Tripathi Nirala, Bhagwan Das, Harishankar Parsai, Pandey Bechan Sharma – this paper aims to bring forth the suffering and struggles against violence, social injustices and public health crises in India during waves of epidemics and pandemics when millions died as they tried to combat the rampant diseases.
THE EXPERIENCE OF MAGNETS MANUFACTURING FROM METAL POWDER USING A LASER
Authors:   NRC «Kurchatov Institute» – CRISM «Prometey», St. Petersburg, Russia, Zhukov A. S. , Barakhtin B. K. ,   NRC «Kurchatov Institute» – CRISM «Prometey», St. Petersburg, Russia, Bobyr V. V. ,   NRC «Kurchatov Institute» – CRISM «Prometey», St. Petersburg, Russia, Kuznetsov P. A. ,   NRC «Kurchatov Institute» – CRISM «Prometey», St. Petersburg, Russia, Shakirov I. V. ,   NRC «Kurchatov Institute» – CRISM «Prometey», St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: April 2021

Исследовано строение магнитотвердого и магнитомягкого сплавов, изготовленных на установке RussianSLM FACTORY методом селективного лазерного сплавления (СЛС) из сферического порошка размером менее 80 мкм. Порошок изготовлен методом атомизации расплава из слитков. При различных режимах сканирования и мощности лазера изготовлены аддитивные образцы для исследования структуры, магнитных параметров, а также проведения фрактального анализа. По результатам исследований даны рекомендации по изменению режимов сплавления и проведению термической постобработки материалов. Путем построения петли гистерезиса получены данные, свидетельствующие о достижении в аддитивных образцах магнитных характеристик, близких по величине к магнитам традиционной технологии изготовления. Изготовлены опытные образцы аддитивных магнитов.
FINDING WAYS TO IMPROVE THE PERFORMANCEOF WELDED JOINTS BASED ON CONTROLLED HEAT INPUT AND USE OF SHOCK-MECHANICAL TREATMENT
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Tomsk, Russia, Saraev Yu. N. , Kamantsev I. S. ,   Institute of Engineering Science UB RAS, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Grigoryeva A . A. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Tomsk, Russia, Kuznetsov A. V. ,   Institute of Engineering Science UB RAS, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Semenchuk V. M. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Tomsk, Russia, Nepomnyashchiy A. S. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Tomsk, Russia; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
Published: April 2021

В статье обобщены результаты исследований усталостного разрушения сварных соединений, полученных методами дуговой сварки с управляемым и неуправляемым тепловложением и ударно-механической обработкой. На основе учета энергетических параметров режима, фиксируемых в процессе сварки образцов, полученных при различных технологиях, выполнены эксперименты по определению их усталостной долговечности. Представлены результаты численной оценки усталостного разрушения сварных соединений из стали 09Г2С. Показано положительное влияние ударной механической обработки на долговечность испытуемых образцов.
RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF OPTICAL FIBERS STRUCTUREON THE SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MANDELSTAM - BRILLOUIN SCATTERING
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Bogachkov I. V. , Gorlov N. I. ,   Communication lines department Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Computer Science, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: April 2021

В работе изучается влияние структуры одномодовых оптических волокон, разновидностей и концентрации легирующих добавок, состава и количества физических слоёв на характеристики обратного рассеяния Мандельштама-Бриллюэна, приведены результаты моделирования и экспериментальных исследований, проведен сравнительный анализ результатов для различных типов оптических волокон.
Assessment of the willingness of doctors to work at coronavirus disease-19 treatment center
Authors: Adeniyi Bamidele O. , Abejegah Chukwuyem , Falana Temitope , Owhin Sampson Omagbemi , Ogunmodede Adebimpe I. , Ogunyileka Oluwakemi , Jegede Tolulope , Ayodeji Oluwafemi O. , Adedosu Nelson , Ayeni Adebowale Isiaka , Abah Stephen O. , Ahmed Liasu A.
Published: April 2021

Objectives:

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is currently ravaging the entire world. Doctors as well as other healthcare workers as front-liners in tackling this disease are at a higher risk of exposure to the virus and its potential consequences. The objectives of this study were to assess the knowledge of doctors on the mode of transmission of the virus, to assess their willingness and readiness to work at the COVID-19 treatment center, to identify factors that affect their willingness to work at the treatment center, and to assess their knowledge on infection prevention and control (IPC) practices.

Materials and Methods:

All medical doctors who attended the COVID-19 sensitization and preparedness meeting with the management of Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State Nigeria, were recruited into the study after an informed consent was obtained. Study period spanned from the beginning of April 2020 to middle of June 2020. A structured, pre-tested questionnaire was administered to collect relevant information.

Results:

A total of 112 doctors that were in attendance had the questionnaires administered to them; however, 106 (94.64%) questionnaires were returned. Out of these, 64.2% had correct knowledge of the mode of transmission of COVID-19. We observed that only 34.9% of doctors were willing to work in the treatment center while 1.9% were indifferent. The perceived lack of adequate training and insufficient personal protective equipment (PPE) for staff were major reasons why some doctors were not willing to work in these centers. Fifty percent of the participants got the correct meaning of donning and doffing and three quarters of them had good knowledge of IPC practice.

Conclusion:

We found in our study that a substantial number of doctors were unwilling to work in COVID-19 treatment areas due to a number of factors including perceived inadequate PPE and inadequate knowledge. The factors that would influence their willingness to work in COVID-19 treatment center were more training, provision of inducement or extra allowances and life insurance schemes. We recommend that in addition to putting emphasis on training, re-training, and providing appropriate equipment, special inducement allowance, and life insurance for healthcare workers might be helpful to encourage them to work in COVID-19 treatment centers.
Dupilumab in the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: A focused review
Authors: Deif Eman , Bali Sheerja , Rajeev Asha
Published: April 2021

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition causing significant decline in quality of life. Moderate-to-severe AD is refractory to first-line topical therapy, while systemic immunosuppressants can have significant adverse effects. Dupilumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody and the first food and drug administration approved biologic therapy for the treatment of adults with moderate-to-severe AD. It inhibits the actions of both interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13, two T helper cell type 2 cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of AD. Dupilumab has been found to be an efficacious treatment option in AD with its main adverse reactions being conjunctivitis, injection site reaction, and facial redness. Dupilumab is known to improve the severity and extent of AD, as measured by the eczema area severity index and dermatology life quality index. A similar observation was made by the authors in 30 patients. Thus, dupilumab represents a valuable new treatment option for moderate-to-severe AD, however, high cost remains a major consideration.