bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the Future Water Pulse of Central Asia: A Comprehensive 21st Century Hydrological Forecast from Stochastic Water Balance Modeling
Authors: Siegfried Tobias , Mujahid Aziz Ul Haq , Marti Beatrice , Molnar Peter , Karger Dirk Nikolaus , Yakovlev Andrey
Published: December 2023

Using a novel dataset, this study assesses the impact of 21st-century climate change on the hydrology of 221 high-mountain catchments in Central Asia. We employed a parsimonious, steady-state stochastic soil moisture water balance model to project changes in runoff and evaporation across three future timeframes: 2011–2040, 2041–2070, and 2071– 2100, compared to the baseline period of 1979–2011. Baseline climate data were sourced from CHELSA V21 climatology, providing daily temperature and precipitation for each subcatchment. Future projections utilized bias-corrected CMIP6 outputs from four General Circulation Models under four scenarios. Global datasets informed the spatial soil parameter distribution, and glacier imbalance ablation data were integrated to refine discharge modeling, which was validated against long-term catchment norm data.
The results indicate an upward trend in precipitation (+4.5%, +5.8%, and +8.4% for the three future periods) and median temperature increases of +1.3°C, +2.4°C, and +3.6°C, respectively. Modeling results predict an initial discharge increase of +4.1% in the first period, tapering off to +1.4% by the third, with glacier wastage in the Tien Shan impacting runoff zones and reducing discharge there. In contrast, the Gissar-Alay and Pamir ranges are projected to experience discharge increases throughout the century due to delayed peak water and enhanced glacier ablation. Shifts in precipitation patterns suggest potential alterations in hydrological extremes, a topic that warrants further investigation in the region. Our findings highlight the differentiated hydrological responses to climate change within Central Asian high-mountain catchments and underscore the critical role of glaciers in future water availability, with implications for local and regional water resource management.
Title: Organ Donation and first year students: A multidisciplinary study in eastern part of India
Authors: Datta Panchali , BHATTACHERJEE SHARMISTHA
Published: December 2023

Background
In patients with end-stage organ failure, organ transplantation is gaining popularity and logistical footing as the therapy of choice. Considering there is a mismatch between demand for organ transplantation and organ donation, our study seeks to identify the causes of this low response. As the future society's pivot, first-year students' knowledge and attitudes may have a significant impact on bringing about a positive shift in the thinking of their family members and society towards organ donation.
Objective
To assess the knowledge, attitude and willingness regarding organ donation among first year students of different disciplines and to determine the association of knowledge, attitude and willingness with selected sociodemographic variables
Methods
A cross-sectional observational study was done among 762 first-year medical, nursing, engineering, and business students from several colleges in Eastern India. A pretested, validated questionnaire was constructed using Google Forms and distributed to participants via social media. SPSS version 20.0 was used for the analysis.
Results
Out of the 762 participants, 68.6% had fair to good understanding about organ donation, only 5.9% had a favourable attitude, and 21.4% were willing to donate organs in the future if needed. The relationship between knowledge and attitude and desire to give organs was found to be statistically significant.
Conclusions
A variety of factors influence organ donation, including information, cultural beliefs, and individual motivation. Understanding these elements is critical for establishing effective organ donation promotion tactics.
The origins of IgA-secreting cells in the acinar structures of the nasal turbinates
Authors: Shulman Ziv , Liu Jingjing , Stoler-Barak Liat , Hezroni-Bravyi Hadas , Biram Adi , Lebon Sacha , Davidzohn Natalia , Kedmi Merav , Chemla Muriel , Pilzer David , Cohen Marina , Brenner Ori , Biton Moshe
Published: December 2023

Nasal vaccination elicits a humoral immune response that provides protection from airborne pathogens, yet the origins and specific immune niches of antigen-specific IgA-secreting cells in the upper airways remain unknown. Here, we define glandular acinus structures of the nasal turbinates as an immunological niche that recruits IgA-secreting plasma cells from the nasal-associated lymphoid tissues (NALT) in response to intranasal vaccination. Using intact organ imaging to visualize cognate T and B cells in the upper airways, we demonstrate that nasal vaccination induced extensive B cell expansion in the subepithelial dome (SED) of the NALT, followed by invasion into commensal bacteria-driven chronic germinal centers (GCs) in a T cell-dependent manner. Antigen-specific B cell response in the NALT required pre-expansion of cognate T cells, which initiate the immune response in the inter-follicular regions of the NALT, and occurred effectively in the presence of Monophosphoryl-Lipid A (MPLA), a synthetic, non-toxic TLR-4 agonist. NALT ablation and blockade of PSGL-1 demonstrated that intranasal vaccination generates IgA-expressing plasma cells that home to the nasal turbinates through the blood circulation where they are positioned primarily around glandular acinus structures. Thus, the glandular part of the nasal turbinate is an immunological niche that hosts NALT-derived IgA-secreting cells. These cellular events can be manipulated to design vaccines against inhaled pathogens or in the treatment of upper airway allergic responses.
Convenient and efficient N-methylation of secondary amines under solvent-free ball milling conditions
Authors: Walter Mikołaj , Ciupak Olga , Biernacki Karol , Rachon Janusz , Witt Dariusz , Demkowicz Sebastian
Published: December 2023

In the present work, we report the development of a rapid, efficient, and solvent-free procedure for the N-methylation of secondary amines under mechanochemical conditions. After optimization of the milling parameters, a vibrational ball mill was used to synthesize 26 tertiary N-methylated amine derivatives. During our research, we investigated alternate reaction selectivity occurring in compounds able to form ring closure products that are 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzoxazine derivatives instead of N-methylated products. The liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) technique has been applied using formalin as a methylating agent and sodium triacetoxyborohydride as a reducing agent in a reductive amination reaction.
Osteoporosis management in a rural community hospital in Japan: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mabuchi Sayaka , Ohta Ryuichi , Sano Chiaki
Published: December 2023

Background
Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by decreased bone strength and an increased risk of fragility fractures. Its prevalence is increasing in developed countries, highlighting the need for appropriate diagnosis and intervention. However, in practice, adequate testing and treatment are not often provided. Therefore, this study investigated the status of osteoporosis management in a rural community hospital in Japan.
Methods
We included women aged 65 years and above who were recommended to undergo osteoporosis screening. We analyzed the bone mineral density (BMD) test rate and characteristics of the patients who underwent these tests at the Department of General Medicine of Iinan Hospital between September 2017 and August 2021. Data were retrospectively extracted from electronic medical records, and statistical methods such as descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, and multivariable analysis were used for analysis.
Results
Among 984 patients included in the study, the BMD test rate was 14%. Despite being at risk of osteoporosis, older patients and those requiring nursing care showed a lower rate of testing. We also investigated the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis; the proportion of patients diagnosed with osteoporosis was 41%, and the treatment rate was 19%.
Conclusions
The management of osteoporosis in a rural Japanese community hospital was found to be inadequate. The rate of BMD testing was low, particularly among older adults and those requiring nursing care. This finding suggests that these patients can be considered to have osteoporosis without confirming the diagnosis through testing based on their age alone, raising the question of ageism and highlighting the importance of personalized healthcare that is not based solely on age. Further cohort studies and intervention strategies are required to fully investigate these issues.
Effects of PEEP in intracranial pressure in patients with acute brain injury: An observational, prospective and multicenter study
Authors: Barea-Mendoza Jesús Abelardo , Collado Zaira Molina , Ballesteros-Sanz María Ángeles , Ansa Luisa Corral , Campo Maite Misis del , Rey Cándido Pardo , Jiménez Juan Angel Tihista , Márquez Carmen Corcobado , Rincón Juan Pedro Martín del , Llompart-Pou Juan Antonio , Prieto Luis Alfonso Marcos , Martínez Ander Olazabal , Lamas Ana María Diaz , Monge Rubén Herrán , Chico-Fernández Mario
Published: December 2023

Background
The communication pathway between the brain and the lung is called the brain-lung crosstalk. The effects of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in intracranial pressure (ICP) are variable. We prospectively analyzed the impact of PEEP changes in ICP dynamics in patients with acute brain injury (ABI).
Methods
Observational, prospective and multicenter study (PEEP-PIC study) including neurocritically ill patients who underwent invasive neuromonitorization from November, 2017 to June, 2018. Baseline ventilatory, hemodynamic and neuromonitoring variables were collected immediately before PEEP changes and during the following 30 minutes. Ethics Committee approval for the study was initially obtained (Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid: CEI: 17/221). Written informed consent was obtained from patients’ closest relatives.
Results
One-hundred and nine patients were included. Mean age was 52.68 (15.34) years, male 71 (65.13%). Traumatic brain injury was the cause of ABI in 54 (49.54%) patients. Length of mechanical ventilation was 16.52 (9.23) days. In-hospital mortality was 21.1%. Moderate PEEP increases (mean 6.24 to 9.10 cmH2O) resulted in ICP increase from 10.4 to 11.39 mmHg, p < 0.001, without changes in cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) (p = 0.548). Moderate PEEP decreases (mean 8.96 to 6.53 cmH2O) resulted in ICP decrease from 10.5 to 9.62 mmHg (p = 0.052), without changes in CPP (p = 0.762). Significant correlations were established between the increase of ICP and the delta PEEP (R = 0.28, p < 0.001), delta driving pressure (R = 0.15, p = 0.038) and delta compliance (R=-0.14, p = 0.052). ICP increment was higher in patients with lower baseline ICP.
Conclusions
Moderate PEEP changes were not associated with clinically relevant modifications in ICP values in patients with ABI. The magnitude of the change in ICP after PEEP increase was correlated with the delta of PEEP, the delta driving pressure and the delta compliance. Patients who had lower baseline ICP had a higher percentage of increase in ICP values.
Diagnosis of Renal Tubular Acidosis and Bicarbonatemia Above Sea Level in Pediatric Patients in Mexico City
Authors: Negrete-Pedraza Francisco H. , Garcia-Nieto Víctor , Castro-Fuentes Carlos A. , Valencia-Ledezma Omar E.
Published: December 2023

Background
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is most often misdiagnosed due to several factors. Altitude, which influences bicarbonate levels, is a variable that is hardly considered in diagnosing RTA, so it should be a factor to consider when diagnosing this pathology. Regarding of this, the present study established reference limits for HCO3- levels in healthy children without pathologies associated with alterations in the acid-base balance in Mexico City and the metropolitan area.
Methods
A total of 267 pediatric patients were included, within normal percentiles for their age, with adequate psychomotor development, normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and without any associated pathology of any alteration in the acid-base balance.
Results
Compared to older children, children younger than two years of age showed statistically higher levels of calcemia and cystatin C. On the other hand, this same group showed lower values of creatininemia, pCO2, and HCO3-. Bicarbonate levels in children under two years of age were 13.94 mEq/L and 14.9 mEq/L in those over that age. A correlation was identified between HCO3- levels and pCO2 (r = 0.68; p < 0.001).
Conclusions
In the study population, an effect of altitude on blood levels of pCO2 and HCO3- was observed.
Salvage Haploidentical Transplantation for Graft Failure after First Haploidentical Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: An Updated Experience
Authors: Sun Yuqian , Ma Rui , Zhu Danping , Zhang Xiao-hui , Xu Lan-Ping , Wang Yu , Mo Xiao-Dong , Lv Meng , Zhang Yuan-Yuan , Cheng Yifei , Yan Chen-Hua , Chen Yuhong , Chen Yao , Jingzhi Wang , Wang Feng-Rong , Han Tingting , Kong Jun , zhidong wang , han wei , Chen Huan , Chang Ying-Jun , He Yun , Xu Zheng-Li , Zheng Feng-Mei , fu haixia , Liu Kaiyan , Huang XiaoJun
Published: December 2023

Second transplantation was almost the only salvage for graft failure. However, there is no recommended regimens for second transplantation, especially in the haplo-SCT setting. We recently reported very encouraging outcomes using a novel method (salvage haploidentical transplantation from a different donor after conditioning with fludarabine 30mg/m2 from − 6d to -2d and cyclophosphamide 1g/m2 from − 5d to -4d). Herein, we reported our updated experience in a total of 30 patients using this method. The median time of the second transplantation was 96.5 (33–215) days after the first transplantation. Among the 30 patients, 2 used the same donor since there was no other donor available. One patient died before engraftment at 19 days after second transplantation. For the 29 evaluable patients, neutrophil engraftments were achieved in all (100%) patients at a median of 11 (8–24) days, while platelet engraftments were achieved in 22 (75.8%) patients at a median of 17.5 (9-140) days. The 1-year OS and DFS was 60% and 53.3%, respectively. CIR and TRM was 6.7% and 33.3%, respectively. Compared with historical group (n = 34), the neutrophil engraftment (100% versus 58.5%, p < 0.001) and platelet engraftment (75.8% versus 32.3%, p < 0.001) were significantly better in the novel regimen group, and the OS was also significantly improved (60.0% versus 26.4%, p = 0.011). In conclusion, salvage haploidentical transplantation from a different donor using Flu/Cy regimen represents a promising option to rescue patients with graft failure after the first haploidentical stem cell transplantation.
Comparison between program synthesis with large language models and model predictive control for buildings optimal operation
Authors: Zabala Laura , Liventsev Vadim , Febres Jesus , Sterling Raymond
Published: December 2023

Advanced control techniques, particularly Model Predictive Control (MPC), have proven effective in enhancing energy efficiency within buildings. While MPC remains a prominent choice, alternative strategies like program synthesis, employing large language models, warrant exploration. Despite its success in diverse applications and the inherent advantage of explainability, the performance of program synthesis in the building domain remains largely unexplored. Implemented through the Synthesize, Execute, Debug, and Rank framework with a pretrained GPT model, program synthesis is compared with MPC in an energy management problem using the BOPTEST building optimization testing framework. The test scenario involves a residential dwelling with a modulating heat pump. MPC, incorporating a graybox model recalibrated using real-time data, excels in improving thermal comfort in typical conditions, achieving a notable 35.5\% reduction in energy costs. In extreme peak conditions, MPC maintains thermal comfort improvements at a slightly higher energy cost. Program synthesis, while enhancing thermal comfort, lags behind MPC, revealing some trade-off challenges in certain scenarios. Notably, a program synthesis designed for a specific scenario demonstrates adaptability, achieving desired objectives across diverse scenarios. These findings emphasize the potential of program synthesis in optimizing energy efficiency and thermal comfort but underscore the importance of nuanced parameterization and scenario-specific optimization for its successful implementation in building control strategies.
Association of sarcopenia and its prognostic value in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis among older people in China: the first longitudinal evidence from CHARLS
Authors: Gao Jiaxiang , Mulatibieke Yesihati , Cheng Huang , Li Tong , Ding Ran , Wang Weiguo
Published: December 2023

Background
The association between sarcopenia and knee osteoarthritis (KOA) among older people remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal association among the older Chinese population.
Methods
Data were attracted from 2 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), and 6212 individuals aged ≥ 60 years were included. Sarcopenia status was defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to estimate the impact of sarcopenia on KOA. A prognostic nomogram was developed through train-test cross-validation.
Results
At baseline in CHARLS 2015, the prevalence of symptomatic KOA in total populations, no-sarcopenia, possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia respondents were 12.7% (792/6212), 9% (270/2996), 17.5% (286/1638), and 15.0% (236/1578), respectively. Over a 3-year follow-up, a total of 4980 respondents were included. Compared to no-sarcopenia controls, Sarcopenia was associated with a significantly increased risk of new-onset KOA in the fully adjusted model (Odds ratio: 1.91, 95% confidence interval: 1.15–3.18), with incidence rates of 3.6% and 2.2% respectively. However, this association was non-significant for possible sarcopenia. Factors including sarcopenia status, age, gender, body mass index, self-reported health status, comorbidities, history of fall, and physical activities were used to construct the final prognostic model and nomogram, which indicated a considerable discrimination with area under receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.744 and C-index = 0.66. The calibration curve demonstrated significant agreement between predicted and actual observations. Decision curve analysis showed net benefits when clinical intervention was decided at a probability threshold from 1–17%.
Conclusions
Sarcopenia was associated with a higher incident risk of KOA, wherein muscle mass may play an important role. The inferior prognosis of sarcopenia in KOA needs more attention in clinical practice.
Depression and generalized anxiety and its associations with health behaviors among adult women in Nepal: Results of a national cross-sectional survey in 2022
Authors: Noormal Ahmad Siyar , Peltzer Karl
Published: December 2023

Background: The primary objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence of Major Depressive Disorders (MDD) and Generalized Anxiety Disorders (GAD) among Nepalese women, and explore the associations with sociodemographic factors and health behaviors. We used the nationally representative data from the Nepal DHS which is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2022. A total of 7442 eligible women were included in this analysis. Different sociodemographic factors and health behaviors were systematically assessed to explore the associations with mental health conditions. The overall prevalence of MDD and/or GAD was 5.3%, while 3.8% experienced the concurrence of both. Marital status, economic disparities, self-rated health, and region showed positive association with common mental disorders, while women empowerment emerged as a protective factor. Moreover, having MDD and/or GAD was found to be significant associated with smoking, having multiple sex partners, genital sores and discharges, and previous pregnancy termination. The results underscore the need for tailored interventions to address the multifaceted determinants of mental health among Nepalese women. The findings serve as empirical evidence for the policy makers, to inform the development of effective interventions in the mental health domain.
Transparent, flame retardant and machinable cellulose/silica composite aerogels with nanoporous dual network for energy-efficient buildings
Authors: Sun Jing , Hu Jing , Zhong Ya , Zhang Junjun , Pan Shuxuan , Xiang Zichen , Cui Sheng , Shen Xiaodong
Published: December 2023

The envelope structure with high light transmittance accounts for an increasing proportion of building energy consumption, which is one of the shortcomings of energy conservation and emission reduction. Cellulose-based aerogel has become a research hotspot because of its low thermal conductivity and good mechanical properties. However, most cellulose-based aerogels are opaque and flammable limiting their applications. Herein, cellulose/silica composite aerogels (CAS) with "organic-inorganic" structures were fabricated by two-step sol-gel method, spin-coating technique and supercritical CO2 drying, using the ionic liquid 1-allyl 3-methylimidazolium chloride salt to dissolve the Cotton pulp, followed by the addition of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) co-precursors into the cellulose gels. The synthesis mechanism, microstructure, mechanical and thermal properties of as-prepared aerogels samples were investigated. The obtained CAS have low density (0.093–0.170 g/cm3), high specific surface area (660.87-1089.70 m2/g), and high mechanical property (compressive strength of 18.74 MPa, tensile strength as high as 1.54 MPa, and bending tests above 500 times). In particular, the CAS4 shows the lowest thermal conductivity (0.0188 W·m− 1·K− 1), good thermal stability (> 331°C), high transparency (91.7%) and excellent flame retardancy. In addition, the self-designed aerogels glasses model was placed in a real outdoor environment for 5 hours. The results showed that the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the aerogels glasses model was as high as 12 ℃ under the thermal equilibrium state. Thus, the as-prepared high-performance cellulose/silica composite aerogels may increase the role of aerogels glasses in the building envelope and have promising applications in transparent energy-efficient construction and thermal insulation.
Heavy metals in Landfill Leachate and e-Waste Dumping Sites and its adverse effect.
Authors: CHAKRABORTY SHAMPA , Awasthi Anuradha
Published: December 2023

Heavy metals are very toxic for human beings but our household electronic, medical and even in some food items contains heavy metals. After the life time of those the materials undergoes to the waste and so-called leachate formed and pollute the soil and downstream water adjacent to it. Among the heavy metals Fe3+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, As3+, Mn2+, Be2+, Pb2+, etc., are the main pollutants in landfill leachate and e-waste dumping site. In this review, we have focused about the different sources for different heavy metals along with the possible detection harmful effects1–5 for the heavy metals.
Validation of the Intuitive Eating Scale (IES-2) in Pregnancy and Association with Psychological Characteristic and Diet Quality in a Population of Pregnant Women
Authors: Jin Xingyi , Zhu Jian , Pan Da , Sun Lingzhen , wang shaokang , Sun Guiju , Wang Niannian
Published: December 2023

Pregnancy is a special period that is strongly influenced by dietary interventions, and many pregnant women develop gestational diabetes caused by conditions such as poor diet. Dietary interventions for women during this period are therefore very important, but unfortunately there is a lack of established studies on intuitive eating in pregnant women. This study is the first study to assess intuitive eating during pregnancy in pregnant women using the Intuitive Eating Scale-2. A total of 581 pregnant women completed the study which included the Intuitive Eating Scale (IES-2), the Depressive Symptom Scale (EPDS), the Anxiety Symptom Scale (SAS), the Parenthood Stress Scale (PPS), and The Dietary Guidelines Adherence Index for Pregnant Women during Pregnancy (CDGCI-PW). The results show that the modified scales have good quality in the Chinese pregnant women population (CMIN/DF = 1.756, CFI = 0.925, TLI = 0.909, RMSEA = 0.037) and that the scale scores are correlated with depression and anxiety of pregnant women and correlated with overall diet quality during pregnancy. The final six factors (avoiding forbidden foods, avoiding emotional eating, body-food choice congruence, avoiding food-related coping strategies, permission to eat and reliance on hunger and satiety cues) structure of the revised IES-2 was confirmed. This scale can further assess eating behaviors in different pregnancy states within the Chinese pregnant women population.
Observation Method for Autonomous Maneuver of Spacecraft under Emergency Conditions
Authors: Cong Yiqin , Liu Tianxi , Wei Cheng , Guan Gongshun
Published: December 2023

To deal with space threats with strong maneuverability such as kinetic energy interceptors, remote-sensing satellites need to perform autonomous avoidance while carrying out observation tasks. The traditional method is no longer suitable for such sudden and time-sensitive problems. A Reinforcement-learning method for remote-sensing satellite autonomous decision-making maneuver and completion of remote-sensing tasks is proposed.Assuming that remote sensing satellites only use velocity pulses for evasive maneuvering observations.By establishing the MDP model of orbital maneuver, the problem is abstracted as the order decision problem of impulse strategy in the process of maneuver observation. According to the discrete characteristics of impulse action, the classical Reinforcement-learning algorithm DDQN is used to solve it, so as to obtain the optimal multi impulse maneuver strategy under interception threat.Based on the DDQN algorithm, the parameter update mechanism of the target neu-ral network has been improved.The experimental results show that the DDQN algorithm, which improves the parameter update mechanism of the target neural network, has a faster rate of convergence than the traditional DDQN algorithm in the training process;The remote sensing satellite adopts the Deep reinforcement learning algorithm for independent decision-making. Under the constraint of satisfying the observation conditions, the algorithm has lower fuel consumption than the current on orbit escape mode;When the interceptor has the same parameters but different maneuvering trajectories, the success rate of avoiding 1 multiple trajectories within the arc segment it can hit is 97.69%, of which 68.46% meets the observation time requirements and 69.23% meets the coverage requirements for the target area, effectively improving the ability to avoid autonomous decision-making under emergency conditions.
Improving the accuracy of a low-cost inertial navigation system by adaptive Zero Velocity Updating using machine learning
Authors: Ri Jong Chon , Choe Namchol
Published: December 2023

In general, the Zero-Velocity updating method (ZUPT) using artificial neural networks has been widely used in pedestrian tracking detection systems using inertial sensors. On the other hand, in low-cost sensors such as MPU9250, the measurement bias is particularly large, so the motion state must be classified very much according to different speeds and amplitudes. We also need to have a pre-experience threshold that fits many of these states. Hence, we have proposed a rational new algorithm that, based on the work of the precursors, can provide high accuracy even in low-cost inertial sensors such as MPU9250. Here, we have developed a zero-velocity detector that uses a support vector machine to determine only the stationary state without classifying different motion states. The results of the experiment show that even in low-cost inertia sensors, a very accurate result is obtained with different speeds.
Retrospective review of the antiemetic activity and anti-mental disorder of olanzapine in Soft- tissue sarcoma and Osteosarcoma patients with high-dose chemotherapy
Authors: Yin Jun-Yi , Lv Xiao-Bin , Zhou Yan , Hu Hai-Yan , Wang Qiong
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of olanzapine, which is an atypical antipsychotic drug, in antiemetic activity and anti-depression in soft-tissue sarcoma and osteosarcoma patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy.
Methods: The retrospective observational study was performed at Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital between 2017.1–2020.5 to observe the efficacy and safety of olanzapine combined with aprepitant,5-HT3 receptor antagonists and dexamethasone. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of soft-tissue sarcoma and osteosarcoma patients received highly emetogenic chemotherapy regimen, which containing cisplatin (75-100 mg/m2), doxorubicin regimen(60-75mg/ m2) or high-dose ifosfamide(8-12g/ m2). All included patients were more than 18 years old, with no history of drinking.140 patients were included in this study. These patients were assigned into two groups for olanzapine-containing therapy and non-olanzapine dual therapy. All patients received aprepitant,5-HT3 receptor antagonists and dexamethasone and in olanzapine group olanzapine was administered orally at 5mg/d from day1 to day 5. The study outcomes were complete response (CR), mental state evaluated by SAS and SDS, and quality of life (QoL) by the functional living index-emesis (FLIE) questionnaire.
Results: The complete response (CR) rate in the olanzapine group was significantly higher than in the control group in delayed and overall phase (74.3% vs 47.1%, p=0.002; 67.1% vs 44.3%,p=0.010). No significant difference CR in acute phase was observed between the two groups. Meanwhile, the mental disorder including anxiety and depression in olanzapine group was ameliorated significantly (P<0.05). The patients in olanzapine group exhibited higher FLIE scores, which demonstrated better quality of life. More patients in the olanzapine group exhibited somnolence, constipation and fatigue.
Conclusions: Olanzapine is safe and effective in preventing high-dose chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and decreasing anxiety and depression in soft-tissue sarcoma and osteosarcoma patients. Meanwhile, patients in olanzapine group exhibit better QoL compared to non-olanzapine group. Further randomized studies are required to confirm these results.
Grass Reference Lysimetric Evapotranspiration Measurements Compared to Satellite Data Observations
Authors: Gomes Daniel Gonçalves , Campos Firmo Sousa , Pai Alexandre Dal
Published: December 2023

We present one of the first research work for the study site (Botucatu-SP, Brazil) that compares in-situ grass reference evapotranspiration measurements obtained by weighing lysimetry technique with estimated data from this same parameter by the use of satellites. Data from two datasets available at the Google Earth Engine platform were used to compare monthly average values of reference evapotranspiration (ET0): 1. FLDAS (Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) Land Data Assimilation System); 2. MOD16A2.006 (Terra Net Evapotranspiration 8-Day Global 500m). Statistical analyses were carried out to analyze statistical variability between the compared data. At a 5% significance level, the test for homogeneity of variances (Bartlett’s test) indicated that the variances cannot be considered homogeneous (p-value of 4.3%); the Normality test (Shapiro-Wilk’s test) indicated that the observed data follow a normal distribution (p-value of 62.4%); the analysis of variance (ANOVA; Welch Test) with the F-Snedecor’s test indicated at a 5% significance level that the observed mean values do not differ from each other (p-value of 34.5%; Fcalc < F). Annual ET0 average values and their respective standard deviations are presented here: 2.3 ± 1.1 mm.day-1 (Lysimeter); 2.7 ± 0.8 mm.day-1 (MOD16A2.006); 3.2 ± 1.7 mm.day-1 (FLDAS); the coefficient of variation obtained was of 45.7%. Estimated data from MOD16A2.006 dataset overestimates lysimetric measurements by 8% (R² = 0.94), which we consider to be an exceptional approximation between estimated and measured ET0, whereas estimated data obtained from the FLDAS dataset overestimates lysimetric measurements by 33% (R² = 0.90).
Innovation and Application of Knowledge Graph to Improve the Efficiency of Sports Event Operation and Promotion Methods
Authors: Li Xing , Ma Ying , Cui ZhiYing , Zhang FeiFei
Published: December 2023

Sports are an important way to strengthen people's body and enrich their lives, and they are also an important symbol of social development and progress of human civilization, and the operation and development level of sports events is an important standard to measure a country's comprehensive national power and civilization. The development of sports is inseparable from the operation and promotion of sports events. The coming of the Internet era has brought about great changes in the operation and promotion of sports events, audience habits and communication patterns, bringing new development opportunities to the sports event industry. Therefore, how to make the best use of the social and economic effects of sports event brands is a major issue in the theoretical and practical circles, and it is of utmost importance to do a good job of sports event brand operation. This study examines the current strategies of sports event operation and promotion from the perspective of brand operation and provides a reference for achieving a far-reaching and lasting impact of event branding. To this end, this paper proposes an intelligent analysis of the research on sports event operations using the knowledge graph method. Knowledge graph is a kind of semantic relationship graph that can be used as the auxiliary content of sports event operation system. The knowledge graph is connected by multiple nodes and edges, which together form a large semantic relational network that describes various entities or concepts and their relationships. It can uncover deeper relationships among users, between sporting events, and between users and sporting events. Converting big data content into knowledge enhances the understanding of Internet content and can be a good way to improve the efficiency of event operation and promotion.
Uplink Received Power Analysis of a 6G Network Deploying IRS
Authors: Mahbub Mobasshir , Shubair Raed M.
Published: December 2023

The investigation's principal purpose is to expand coverage, i.e., enable superior transmission, by utilizing IRS inside micro cellular transmission across a two-tier 6G infrastructure constituted by one micro cellular tier running within a macro cell-based tier. As a consequence, the paper investigated and contrasted the performance of regular micro cellular connectivity to IRS-enhanced micro cellular networking in terms of upstream received power utilizing simulation-based measuring approaches. According to the research, implementing IRS enhances coverage, i.e., transmission effectiveness, for 6G services significantly.
Two-fold expression of Receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ROR2) in Giant cell tumor of bone: outcome of a case-control study.
Authors: nema sandeep kumar , ramsubramani Prem , S shiva
Published: December 2023

Background
Transmembrane proteins of the Wnt family and receptor tyrosine kinase (ROR1 and ROR2) suppression or overexpression has been implicated in the causation of cancers. We determined the expression of ROR2 among patients of Giant cell tumor of bone (GCT) by Quantitative PCR (qPCR).
Methods
In this case-control study, samples of GCT tumor tissue (cases) and bone from the tumor-free margin (controls) were subjected to (qPCR) in patients undergoing definitive treatment. The GCT patients were classified per radiologic classification and histologic grading.
Results
Eleven cases and controls consisting of six males and five females with a mean age of 33.18 ± 12.35 (20–50) years were included over the study period of 2 years. The median duration since diagnosis was 12 (IQR 9) months. There was a 2.51-fold change (upregulation of ROR2 expression in cases than controls which was significant ((0.00). There was an upregulation in the expression of ROR2 with tumor grades. However, it failed to reach statistical significance (Campanacci (P 0.05 cases and 0.84 controls), Jaffe (P 0.07 cases and 0.44 controls), and Enneking (0.07 cases and 0.44 controls). There was no significant effect of treatment with bisphosphonates (P 0.17) and Denosumab (P 0.75) on ROR2 expression.
Conclusion
GCT cases exhibit upregulation of ROR2 expression by more than two folds confirming its role in the causation of osteoclast-mediated bone destruction. ROR2 can be targeted for drug development in the treatment of GCT.
Assessment of Benefits in Traffic Safety for Adoption of Automated Vehicle: a System Based Dynamic Model
Authors: Sultana Nahida , Talukdar A H M Javed Hossain
Published: December 2023

The increasing upward trend of traffic congestion, greenhouse gas emission, fatalities in traffic crashes have been the instigating factors among the transport planner and policy makers. It eventually urges to seek for an advanced technology to ensure sustainable transport systems for last few decades. In these prevailing circumstances, Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) have emerged as an epoch-making technology in combating traffic related issues. Road traffic safety is drawing more attention to be solved by deploying CAV technology. There are very few researches address the relationship between annual fatality reduction and CAV adoption. Therefore, this research work has been conducted to develop a mathematical model to investigate the role of CAVs in reducing crash severity and analyse the impact of CAV adoption by reducing traffic crash rate in Australia. To address the safety aspects of autonomous vehicle (AV), a system dynamic model has been developed considering only traffic safety related factors. The model outputs provide satisfactory results that address the defined objectives leading to the response of research questions. The base case provides an output of 70% annual fatality rate reduction by 2030 with the development in vehicle control. Additionally, different scenarios have been analysed to test the sensitivity of the model. The scenarios might help to formulate some policy to ensure smooth shift of AV adoption.
The effectiveness of STOP-X training program on knee valgus angle and balance in female basketball players with dynamic knee valgus
Authors: Rostami Mohadeseh , Sedaghati Parisa , Daneshmandi Hassan
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Dynamic knee valgus (DKV) along with poor balance is the cause of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in athletes, and identification and correction of these factors are always of interest to researchers. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of the STOP-X program on knee valgus angle, static and dynamic balance in female basketball players with DKV defect.Materials and methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental. The samples of this research included 30 female basketball players with DKV defect who were purposefully selected from the statistical population of female basketball players and were randomly assigned to two control (n=15) and experimental (n=15) groups. Dynamic knee valgus status was evaluated with the single-leg landing (SLL) test, static balance with the BASS STICK test, and dynamic balance with the Y-balance test (YBT). As a warm-up program, the experimental group performed the STOP-X program for 25-40 minutes for eight weeks (three times per week), and the control group did their traditional warm-up program. Data analysis was done by statistical analysis of ANCOVA and Paired-Samples T Test with SPSS version 26.Results: The results showed that with the use of the STOP-X program, there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the variables of knee valgus angle (η2=0.72, P=0.001), static balance (η2=0.47, P=0.001), and total dynamic balance score (η2 = 0.74, P = 0.001). So that the experimental group performed better performance compared to the control group.Conclusion: It seems that applying STOP-X preventive warm-up exercises can improve static and dynamic balance in female basketball players with DKV defects, in addition to reducing the knee valgus angle. Therefore, it can be recommended to sports trainers to benefit from the advantages by substituting STOP-X preventive exercises instead of traditional warm-up.
Making als Bildungsinnovation
Authors: Maurer Björn , Ingold Selina
Published: December 2023

Die Maker Education hält inzwischen auch in Schulen im deutschsprachigen Raum Einzug. Soll pädagogisches Making jedoch im Sinne einer Bildungsinnovation über punktuelle Ergänzungen des Lernangebots oder kurzzeitpädagogische Aktivitäten wie Maker Days oder Blockwochen hinausgehen und im Sinne eines holistischen Ansatzes methodisch und inhaltlich zum festen Bestandteil des Schulalltags werden, dann kann es als Schulentwicklungsprojekt «gelesen», als solches konzipiert, realisiert und analysiert werden. Auf der Basis eines partizipativen Aktionsforschungsprojekts mit fünf Pilotschulen in der Schweiz wird aufgezeigt, welche Herausforderungen die Implementierung pädagogischen Makings mit sich bringt und welche Faktoren ein solches Schulentwicklungsvorhaben stützen. Dabei werden die erhobenen Daten in dieser Zwischenauswertung im Sinne der extrahierenden qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse anhand von Apriori-Kategorien ausgewertet. Die Kategorien leiten sich von drei Modellen der Schulentwicklungsforschung sowie von der aktuellen Forschungsliteratur im Bereich Making und Schulentwicklung ab (Rolff 2019; Altrichter und Wiesinger 2004; Holtappels 2013). Die analysierten Gelingensfaktoren lassen sich im Schulentwicklungsmodell von Rolff verorten, wobei in diesem Beitrag auf Faktoren im Umfeld der Schule, in der Organisationsentwicklung sowie in der Personalentwicklung eingegangen wird mit dem Ziel, dass sie interessierte Schulen dabei unterstützen, pädagogisches Making einzuführen.
‹Wenn die Gabel nicht mehr gabeln will› – Funktionslogiken gestaltend auf die Spur kommen
Authors: Dittbrenner Elisa , Coers Linya
Published: December 2023

Die Vereinbarkeit mit und Anschlussfähigkeit von lern- und bildungsorientierten FabLab-Aktivitäten an schulisches Lernen, z. B. auf curricularer und fachdidaktischer Ebene, stellen derzeit sowohl eine konzeptionelle Herausforderung als auch Forschungslücke dar. Um den Möglichkeitsraum zwischen Grundschule und FabLabs zu erkunden, wurde 2021/22 eine mehrteilige Bildungsmodul-Reihe für Grundschulen im FabLab konzipiert und umgesetzt, aus der der Workshop «Wenn die Gabel nicht mehr gabeln will» (2022) vorgestellt wird. Der Praxisbericht geht sowohl auf die Entwicklung, Fundierung und Verortung als auch auf die praktischen Erfahrungen, Effekte und Anschlüsse des Workshops ein. Die gestalterische Auseinandersetzung mit Funktionslogiken von Grundschüler:innen in FabLabs, die hier inhaltlich verfolgt und umgesetzt wurde, steht dabei exemplarisch für eine explorative Auseinandersetzung mit möglichen Bildungsformaten in FabLabs als vermittelnder Ansatz ästhetischer und technischer Literalität. Als Brücke zwischen ästhetischem und sachunterrichtlichem, aber auch schulischem und making-orientiertem Lernen zeigt sich die Dekonstruktion und Weitergestaltung von Gebrauchsgegenständen, in denen sowohl Eigenlogiken (digitaler) Produktion als auch Gebrauch als Form der Gestaltung in ihrer Verwicklung thematisiert werden können.
Identification of Tropane Alkaloid Chemotypes and Genotypes in Hyoscyamus niger L.
Authors: Kramer Lawrence , Jayanty Sastry , Reckhow David A. , Sathuvalli Vidyasagar
Published: December 2023

Tropane alkaloids (TA) are compounds widespread in the Solanaceae family. The genera Atropa, Brugmansia, Hyoscyamus, and Scopolia, produce the pharmaceuticals hyoscyamine (Hy) and scopolamine (Sc), which are valued for their antimuscarinic and anticholinergic actions. The enzyme hyoscyamine 6β-hydroxylase (H6H) (EC 1.14.11.11) catalyzes both the hydroxylation of hyoscyamine to 6β-hydroxyhyoscyamine and the epoxidation of the latter, leading to scopolamine (Hashimoto et al. 1993). During the examination of three genes in the TA biosynthetic pathway, the first committed step, the path branch point, and the final step in 13 accessions of Hyoscyamus niger from North America and Europe, genetic variations were found to be absent except in the h6h gene locus (GenBank: D26583.1). Quantification of TA showed average concentrations of 26 to 520 μg/g of dry leaf tissue among the accessions. From a monohybrid cross of the expected (Pennsylvania accession Ames 3103, aa) and novel (Netherlands accession PI 641691, bb) genotypes, the F2 population (n = 104) leaf and root tissues were extracted, analyzed for Hy and Sc contents, and compared with the h6h genotypes (aa, ab, bb). The polymorphism showed Mendelian inheritance. The presence of the polymorphic gene bb showed a marginally significantly greater concentration of hyoscyamine in the leaf tissue (P = 0.0675) and significantly greater concentration in root tissue (P = 0.0436), along with increased concentration of scopolamine in the root tissue (P = 0.0494) compared with the aa genotype. The increase in overall TA in the root tissue of the genotype bb was accompanied by a reduction in scopolamine in the foliar tissue. The 694-bp b amplicon has been sequenced for comparison with the expected 550-bp a amplicon and can be a useful enzymatic variant for TA metabolic engineering.
Traditional cereal-based dishes of the Newari community of Nepal and their preparation process
Authors: Magar Rukmani Pache , Shrestha Grishma , Kandel Kamana , Lamichhane Bijaya , Thapa Bidhya Laxmi , Thagunna Bishal
Published: December 2023

Around the world, cereal grains provide a significant source of dietary nutrients. Since prehistoric times, cereal-based food products have formed the foundation of the human diet. Fermented foods made from cereals account for a significant portion of the calorie intake in developing nations. Worldwide dietary recommendations are urging the consumption of whole grains due to mounting evidence that these grains and food products made from them can improve health in ways other than just giving energy and minerals. The creation of novel food items with qualities that improve health will be aided by the understanding gained from the functional qualities of the many chemical components found in whole grains.

Therefore, the main aim of this study is to illuminate the varied application of cereals like rice, maize, wheat, and barley in preparing a wide range of delightful dishes like (Aila, Dhindo, Yomari, Selroti, Chatamari, Khurma, Chiura, and Lakhamari) which holds immense significance in shaping the cultural identity of the Newari community. In this study, the nutritional advantages of cereals highlight their crucial role in maintaining the health and well-being of the Newar community. Cereals are abundant in essential vitamins, fibers, minerals, and carbohydrates as a fundamental component of a well-balanced diet that promotes overall well-being