bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants of the optimal uptake of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine doses for intermittent treatment of malaria in pregnancy in urban Nigeria
Authors: Adeojo Opeyemi Samuel , Fayehun Olufunke
Published: April 2023

Malaria is a major cause of child and maternal mortality in Nigeria, particularly in urban areas with increasing urbanization rates and slum development. Pregnant women and newborns are especially vulnerable to malaria. The use of Intermittent Preventive Treatment (IPTp) with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine (SP) during antenatal care visits is an effective way to prevent malaria in pregnancy. This study, based on data from the 2015 Nigeria Malaria Indicator Survey, examined the uptake of IPTp-SP among 1159 urban women aged 15–49 across the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria. The study found that 67% of the women took SP/Fansidar during pregnancy, but the uptake of the recommended 3 or more doses of IPTp-SP was low. Only 39% of women took 3 or more doses, while 19% took only 1 dose and 42% took 2 doses. The study identified significant associations between IPTp-SP uptake and region and economic status (measured by wealth index), but not educational status. Binary logistic regression showed that region and economic status were significant predictors of IPTp use. The study recommends increasing awareness and promoting the use of IPTp-SP among urban women in Nigeria, particularly those in low-income regions. Empowering women socially and economically may also improve the uptake of IPTp-SP.
Application of Interactive information system in College Personnel Management by using BP Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Minsheng Lou
Published: April 2023

The BP neural network algorithm has flexible modeling ability and data parallel processing ability. While processing data, it learns through self-learning and adaptive algorithms and associative functions. In the calculation mode of the bp neural network algorithm, the paper conducts forward conduction on the data signal, and conducts reverse conduction according to the obtained error value. The process of transferring the BP neural network algorithm content involved in the data from the input layer to the output layer under the data pattern formed by the forward guidance. And according to the analysis of BP neuron model data of three layers and above, the algorithm form of input layer and output layer is readjust, and the interval data is obtained and analyzed and summarized, so as to trigger the event research on the application of personnel management in colleges and universities. From the problem of university personnel management thoughts, to system flow numerical analysis as a starting point, starting from the present situation, the form of the personnel management of colleges and universities, this paper analyzed the characteristics of the personnel management at this stage, and the personnel management of colleges and universities ever form the difference, and according to the principle of summed up the characteristics of modern personnel management model, and analyzing the theory of knowledge, From the concept, logic and physical structure of data analysis and design, in the personnel management system of colleges and universities form an important direction of development.
Repurposing of Rutan showed effective treatment for COVID-19 disease
Authors: Salikhov Shavkat I. , Abdurakhmonov Ibrokhim Y. , Ziyavitdinov Jamolitdin F. , Oshchepkova Yuliya I. , Berdiev Nodir Sh. , Akber·Aisa Haji , Shen Jingshan , Xu Yechun , Xu Eric , Jiang Xiangrui , Zhang Leike , Vypova Natalia L. , Allaberganov Dilshod Sh. , Tagayalieva Nigora A. , Musabaev Erkin I. , Ibadova Gulnara A. , Rajabov Ilxom B. , Lokteva Lyubov M.
Published: April 2023

Previously, from the tannic sumac plant (Rhus coriaria), we developed the Rutan 25 mg oral drug tablets with antiviral activity against influenza A and B viruses, adenoviruses, paramyxoviruses, herpes virus, and cytomegalovirus. Here, our re-purposing study demonstrated that Rutan at 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg provided a very effective and safe treatment for COVID-19 infection, simultaneously inhibiting two vital enzyme systems of the SARS-CoV-2 virus: 3CLpro and RdRp. There was no drug accumulation in experimental animals' organs and tissues. A clinical study demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the C-reactive protein and a reduction of the viremia period. In patients receiving Rutan 25 mg (children) and 100 mg (adults), the frequency of post-COVID-19 manifestations was significantly less than in the control groups not treated with Rutan tablets. The Rutan with combined 3CLpro and RdRp inhibitory activities should provide safe treatment and prophylaxis against COVID-19 in adults and children.
Thermal stability and fire safety of polycarbonate flame retarded by the brominated flame retardant and a non-antimony synergistic agent
Authors: Wang Bingtao , Ye Runfeng , Guo Zhenghong , Li Juan , Fang Zhengping , Ran Shiya
Published: April 2023

Aiming at developing a non-antimony synergistic agent of BFR and improving the high heat and smoke release of BFR due to its gaseous phase flame retardant mechanism, CeHPP was synthesized through hydrothermal reflux method and introduced into PC/DBDPO through melt blending. The morphology, chemical structure and thermal stability of CeHPP were characterized through SEM, FTIT and TG analysis, while the flame retardancy of PC/DBDPO/Sb2O3 and PC/DBDPO/CeHPP composites were compared and discussed in detail. To our delight, CeHPP showed more excellent synergistic effect with DBDPO than Sb2O3 in PC matrix. For PC/DBDPO/CeHPP (92/7/1, wt%), the sample was not ignited, the value of limited oxygen index (LOI) went up to 39.2% and it reached UL 94 V0 rating in vertical burning test, while the Izod impact strength, elongation at break and Young’s modulus were almost kept same with those of pure PC. Moreover, according to the cone calorimetry, CeHPP and DBDPO/CeHPP could efficiently suppress the heat and smoke release of PC composites, while DBDPO and DBDPO/Sb2O3 would accelerate the heat and smoke release during combustion The synergistic flame retardant mechanism verified that the char-barrier effect of CeHPP transferred the free-radical-trapping effect of BFRs from the gaseous phase to the condensed phase, which interfered the chain oxidation reaction of free-radicals and inhibiting the release and spread of gases and smoke.
The Role of 99m Tc-DPD Bone SPECT/CT in the Management of Growth Disturbance of the Long Bones in Pediatric Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Shin Chang Ho , Whi Wonseok , Cho Yoon Joo , Yoo Won Joon , Choi In Ho , Cheon Gi Jeong , Cho Tae-Joon
Published: April 2023

Backgrounds: Determining the precise localization of diseased physes is crucial for guiding the treatment of growth disturbances. Conventional radiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging only provide information on physeal anatomy. Planar bone scintigraphy and bone single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) resolutions are suboptimal for clinically managing growth disturbances. Bone SPECT/CT, which provides high-resolution functional information, can be a useful tool for evaluating growth disturbances. The purposes of this study were to identify the conditions in which bone SPECT/CT outperforms planar scintigraphy or SPECT for evaluating the location and activity of diseased physes and to assess surgical outcomes using bone SPECT/CT findings in pediatric patients experiencing long bone growth disturbances.
Methods: Fifty-nine patients who underwent bone SPECT/CT between January 2018 and January 2021 to evaluate physeal activity using technetium-99m-labeled 2,3-dicarboxypropane-1,1-diphosphonate (99mTc-DPD) were included. The proportions of patients for whom certain modalities provided sufficient data for selecting treatment plans for growth disturbances were compared based on the site of the diseased physis, growth disturbance cause, and shape of deformity (i.e., SPECT/CT vs. planar scintigraphy and SPECT/CT vs. SPECT). For assessing surgical outcomes, progression of post-surgical deformity was investigated by measuring the angles reflecting the degree of deformity, iliac crest height difference, or ulnar variance on radiographs.
Results: Bone SPECT/CT was sufficient for selecting a treatment plan, but planar scintigraphy or SPECT alone was insufficient in every 10 patients with diseased physes inside the femoral head (p=0.002) and in every six with physes that were severely deformed or whose locations were unclear on conventional radiography (p=0.03). In the proximal or distal tibia, where tibial and fibular physes often overlapped on planar scintigraphy due to leg rotation, bone SPECT/CT was sufficient in 33/34 patients (97%), but planar scintigraphy and SPECT were sufficient in 10/34 (29%) (p <0.001) and 24/34 (71%) patients, respectively (p=0.004). No progression or deformity recurrence occurred.
Conclusions: Bone SPECT/CT may be indicated in proximal femoral growth disturbance, when the physis is unclear on conventional radiography or severely deformed, the leg exhibits rotational deformity, or the patient is noncompliant.
Comprehensive Characterization of Mitophagy Subtypes via Multiomics Analysis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Junzhi , Li Huimin , Dong Qiuping , Liu Chen , Li Zhe , Liang Zheng
Published: April 2023

Background As an important regulatory mechanism by which cells remove damaged mitochondria and maintain internal and external balance, mitophagy has a significant impact on the occurrence, progression, and treatment of tumors. The response of most Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) patients to molecular-targeted drugs remains unsatisfactory. Mitophagy is a promising target for tumor chemotherapy; however, its role in HNSCC remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to comprehensively characterize mitophagy via multiomics analysis in HNSCC.Methods We explored expression profiles and genetic variation features of mitophagy regulators and identified their correlation with patient outcomes across cancers. Three distinct mitophagy subtypes were determined and systematically characterized using multiomics data for HNSCC. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to identify enrichment fractions of several signaling pathways. Several immune cell infiltration algorithms, including TIMER, CIBERSORT, QUANTISEQ, MCPCOUNTER, XCELL, and EPIC, were used to compare immune landscapes among subgroups. The R package "oncoPredict" was utilized to identify various subtypes of drug sensitivity. The R package “Maftools” was utilized to compare different mutation patterns among subgroups. A six mitophagy-related gene (MRG) signature (POLR1D, C2orf76, LASP1, LENG9, EXPH5, and MASP1) was identified to construct a risk score model using univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression, stratifying patients into high- and low-risk groups, with TCGA cohort validation.Results The mitophagy regulators were deemed to be closely related to HNSCC prognosis and excellent HNSCC predictors. Various subtypes of mitophagy were related to unique metabolic processes and prognoses. Immune cell infiltration was worse in subtypes with high mitophagy levels. In addition, drug sensitivity differed between subtypes. The survival rate of patients in the low-risk category was high. Evaluating the mitophagy modification landscape will help in raising awareness and strengthening the understanding of HNSCC characterization and, furthermore, guiding future clinical decision-making.Conclusions This comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the mitophagy landscape in HNSCC revealed that mitophagy is related to carcinogenesis and the immune microenvironment, with implications for prognosis and therapeutic responses.
Association between Glyphosate Exposure and Erythrograms in a Representative Sample of US Adults: NHANES 2013-2014
Authors: Chang Ming-Hao , Chu Pei-Lun , Wang Chikang , Lin Chien-Yu
Published: April 2023

Glyphosate, being the most commonly utilized herbicide globally, and a growing body of experimental research has linked its exposure to red blood cell impairment. However, the potential toxicity of glyphosate exposure on erythrocytes in the general population remains poorly understood. Therefore, we analyzed data from the 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of 1466 adults (≥ 18 years) to explore the potential relationship between glyphosate exposure and erythrocyte profiles. Our results indicated a significant negative association between urinary glyphosate levels and hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) in multiple regression analysis, with ß coefficients of -0.157 (S.E. = 0.055, P = 0.012) and − 0.431 (S.E. = 0.195, P = 0.043), respectively. Additionally, the odds ratio showed a significant increase in individuals with anemia with a one-unit increase in ln-glyphosate levels (odds ratio = 1.523 (95% CI = 1.301–1.783), P < 0.001 in the final model). The negative correlation between glyphosate and Hb was more pronounced in subjects aged over 60 years, non-Hispanic white ethnicity, lower income, and those with a body mass index (BMI) < 25 and ≥ 30. In conclusion, our results offer initial evidence of a plausible link between glyphosate exposure and anemia among the adult populace in the United States. However, further research is necessary to comprehend the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications of this link.
Machine learning predictions of outcome in Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy: methodological choices and clinical usefulness
Authors: Isacsson Nils Hentati , Abdesslem Fehmi Ben , Forsell Erik , Boman Magnus , Kaldo Viktor
Published: April 2023

Objective While psychological treatments are effective, a significant portion of patients do not benefit enough. Early identification of those may allow for adaptive treatment strategies and improved outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the clinical usefulness of machine-learning (ML) models predicting outcome in Internet-based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, to compare ML-related methodological choices, and guide future use of these.Methods Eighty main models were compared. Baseline variables, weekly symptoms, and treatment activity were used to predict treatment outcome in a dataset of 6695 patients from regular care.Results The best predictions used handpicked predictors and imputed missing data. No ML-algorithm showed clear superiority. They had a mean balanced accuracy of 78.1% at treatment week four, closely matched by regression (77.8%).Conclusion ML surpassed the benchmark for clinical usefulness (67%). Advanced and simple models performed equally, indicating a need for more data or smarter methodological designs to confirm advantages of ML.
Assessing the Barriers and Facilitators of Climate Action Planning in Local Governments: A two-round Survey of Expert Opinion
Authors: Dodd Steven , Butterfield Scott , Davies Jessica , Furbo Mette , Morris Abigail , Brown Heather
Published: April 2023

Background Climate change is one of the greatest threats to public health in this century. The UK is one of six countries that has enshrined in law a commitment to become net zero by 2050. However, there is a lack of guidance and structure for local government in the UK, which have responsibility for public health, to reach this goal and help their communities mitigate and adapt to the health and health inequality impacts of climate change. The aim of this study is to identify common barriers and facilitators related to the health and health inequality impacts of climate change for local governments.Methods We developed using Normalisation Process Theory a two-round survey for people working in local authorities to identify the barriers and facilitators to including the health and health inequality impact of climate change in their climate action plans. The survey was delivered online via Qualtrics software. In the first-round respondents were able to express their views on barriers and facilitators and in the second round they ranked common themes identified from the first round. Two hundred and fifty people working in local government were invited to take part and n = 28 (11.2%) completed the first round of the survey and n = 14 completed the second round. Thematic analysis was used in Round 1 to identify common themes and weighted rankings were used to assess key barriers and facilitators in Round 2.Results Key facilitators were need to save money on energy, successful partnership working already in place including across local government, with local communities and external stakeholders. Key barriers were insufficient staff, resources and lack of support from management/leaders, and lack of local evidence.Conclusion To mitigate and adapt to the health impacts of climate change, local government must nurture a culture of innovation, collaboration to ensure that different departments work together This means not just working with external partners, but also collaborating and co-producing with communities to achieve health equity and mitigate the debilitating effect of climate change on public health.
Evaluation of nitric acid donor, transdermal glycerol trinitrate patches for facilitating cervical ripening: a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sanjoy Kumar , Mandal Prithwikar , Dutta Sanjib , Sarkar Deepnarayan , Bagchi Rumina , Halder Alapan
Published: April 2023

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transdermal Glycerol trinitrate skin patches as an additive and effective agent for facilitating cervical ripeningMethods This was a double blinded prospective randomized clinical trial carried out in a major obstetric unit in India. Women planned for induction of labour was randomly allocated for induction of labour either by combined application of Glycerol trinitrate skin patches [GTN patch] and intracervical Dinoprostone gel or by the gel only. Sample randomization was done by using stratified block randomization technique with sealed envelope. The numbers designating the group allocation sequence were concealed from the doctors, research staff, and investigators. Six hourly improvements of the modified Bishop’s score, induction-delivery time interval, need of oxytocin, fetal outcomes and-maternal side-effects were assessed. Data were analysed by using SPSS software.Results and discussion Recruitment Bishop score, parity and gestational age were matched in both case and control group. The modified Bishop's score was statistically improved in study groups as evidenced compositely as well as irrespective of parity. There appeared no significant differences in between the two groups regarding other outcomes. Additional application of GTN patch seems helpful to accelerate the progress in Bishops score but does not affect the other labour outcomes. GTN patch does not impose any additional feto-maternal adverse effects.
Usefulness of plasma and apolipoprotein B-depleted serum samples in paraoxonase 1 assessment
Authors: Kawaguchi Rina , Kemeda Takahiro , Yoshimoto Akira , Ohkawa Ryunosuke
Published: April 2023

Background
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme is closely associated with the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherosclerotic functions of HDL. Although many clinical studies have evaluated the relationship between PON1 activity and various diseases, there are inconsistencies in sample preparation methods and substrate selection for PON1 analysis. Moreover, the association of PON1 function with each PON1 activity type based on various substrates is unclear. In this study, we investigated differences between three PON1 activity types according to sample preparation procedures.
Methods
Samples were prepared from serum, plasma with or without calcium addition, HDL isolated by ultracentrifugation, and apolipoprotein B-depleted serum (BDS). Using these various sample types, PON1 protein concentration and activities using three substrate types (p-nitrophenyl acetate, paraoxon, and γ-thiobutyrolactone) were evaluated. PON1 distributions in HDL subfractions from serum and BDS samples were also investigated.
Results
PON1 activities in plasma were recovered by immediate calcium addition similar to those in serum, suggesting that plasma could be used for assessing PON1 instead of serum in which PON1 can be transported to apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins by oxidation. In contrast, HDL isolated from plasma had significantly lower PON1 protein concentrations. PON1 activities, protein concentration, and distributions in BDS sample showed similar to those in serum samples than those in HDL sample.
Conclusions
This study revealed the advantages of using plasma with calcium addition and BDS as specimens that better reflect the in vivo environment for PON1 assessment. Focusing on each of three PON1 activity types might further enhance the clinical significance of PON1 testing.
Impact of COVID-19 on Black Carbon and Carbon monoxide levels and its health risk assessment over East India
Authors: Sankar Tapan Kumar , Kumar Amit , Ambade Balram , Mahato Dilip Kumar , Hussain Ali Jaan , Sethi Shrikanta Shankar , Mohammad Faruq , Soleiman Ahmed A , Gautam Sneha
Published: April 2023

The present research aims to describe the measurement of the changes in air pollutants like black carbon (BC), PM2.5 and CO concentrations levels, and estimation of their source apportionment and health risk during normal period (NP) as well as lockdown period (LP) in Jamshedpur city. In India, almost all anthropogenic activities are prohibited after announcement of lockdown on 25th March 2020 due to pandemic of COVID-19. The urban atmospheric pollutants mostly BC, PM2.5 and CO concentrations were observed gradual fall during LP. The averaged mass concentration of BC, PM2.5 and CO was found about 38.46 ± 1.91 µgm− 3, 176.55 ± 21.72 µgm− 3, 840 ± 282 ppbv in NP and 9.68 ± 2.36 µgm− 3, 42.86 ± 18.97 µgm− 3, 175.88 ± 121.82 ppbv during LP respectively. It was observed that during LP, the BC, PM2.5 and CO concentrations were too much low as compared to NP. This may be because of prohibited of all human activities due to COVID-19 pandemic. The source apportionment analysis of BC indicated that the biomass burning (62.5%) contribution was high as compared to fossil fuel emission (37.5%) at LP. The air trajectory model showed that most of the air masses were coming from western part of India and also some fresh marine air masses were received at the located position. The health risk for respective health effects of CVM, LC, LBW, and PLEDSC due to exposure to BC was evaluated as 9.76, 4.8, 8.59 and 19.59 PSC in NP and 8.35, 4.1, 7.35 and 16.77 PSC in LP.
Diagnostic performance of face masks for collection and detection of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Kim Hwang-soo , Lee Hansol , Kang Seonghui , Kim Woo Joo , Shin Sehyun
Published: April 2023

Generally, face mask have been used to protect the wearer from the outside harmful air environment and prevent any virus from being released to neighbors from potentially infected exhaled breath. The antiviral effectiveness of masks has not only been researched scientifically, but has also become a global issue due to society's obligation to wear masks. In this paper, we report the results of a study on the collection and detection of viruses contained in exhaled breath using face masks. The inner electrostatic filter was carefully selected for virus collection because it does not come in direct contact with either human skin or the external environment. In the study of a healthy control group, it was confirmed that a large amount of DNA and biomolecules such as exosomes were collected from the mask exposed to exhalation, and the amount of collection increased in proportion to the wearing time. For SARS-CoV-2 patients confirmed through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test using nasopharyngeal swabs, these mask tests with PCR and rolling circle amplification indicated the same positive results. The results suggest that this is a non-invasive, quick and easy method of collecting samples from subjects using a mask, which can significantly reduce the hassle of waiting at airports or public places and concerns about cross-contamination. Furthermore, we expect miniaturized technologies to integrate PCR detection into masks in the near future.
Mediating role of atherogenic lipoproteins in the relationship between liver fat and coronary artery calcification
Authors: Björnson Elias , Samaras Dimitrios , Adiels Martin , Kullberg Joel , Bäckhed Fredrik , Bergström Göran , Gummesson Anders
Published: April 2023

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with increased secretion of apoB-containing lipoproteinsand increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). ApoB-containing lipoproteins include low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs); and since both LDLs and TRLs are causally related to CHD, they may mediate a portion of the increased risk of atherosclerosis seen in people with NAFLD.
Methods: In a cohort of 4161 middle aged men and women, we performed mediation analysis in order to quantify the mediating effect of apoB-containing lipoproteins in the relationship between liver fat and atherosclerosis - as measured by coronary artery calcium score (CACS).
Results: We found plasma apoB to mediate 17.6 % (95 % CI: 11-24) of the association between liver fat and CACS. Plasma triglycerides and TRL-cholesterol (both proximate measures of TRL particles) mediated 22.3 % (95 % CI: 11-34) and 21.6 % (95 % CI: 10-33) of the association respectively; whereas LDL-cholesterol mediated 5.4 % (95 % CI: 2.0-9.4). In multivariable models, the mediating effect of TRL-cholesterol and plasma triglycerides showed, again, a higher degree of mediation than LDL-cholesterol, corroborating the results seen in the univariable models.
Conclusions: We find around 20 % of the association between liver fat and CACS to be mediated by apoB-containing lipoproteins. In addition, we find that TRLs mediate the majority of this effect whereas LDLs mediate a smaller effect. These results explain part of the observed CAD-risk burden for people with NAFLD and further suggest that TRL-lowering may be particularly beneficial to mitigate NAFLD-associated coronary artery disease risk.
Development of Species-Specific ISSR-Derived SCAR Marker for Early Discrimination Between Cinnamomum verum and Cinnamomum cassia
Authors: Gangwar Himanshi , Gahlaut Vijay , Chauhan Ramesh , Singh Satbeer , Jaiswal Vandana
Published: April 2023

Background Cinnamomum verum (true cinnamon) and Cinnamomum cassia (cassia cinnamon) are two important species belonging to family Lauraceae. These species are recognized by morphological, chemical composition and essential oil contents. The appropriate identification of species would be considerably improved by a genetic method. The main objective of the present study was to develop molecular markers distinguishing between C. verum and C. cassia.
Methods and results A total 71 ISSR (Inter simple sequence repeat) and four universal barcoding (ITS, rbcL, matK, and psbA-trnH)genes were used to distinguish both the species. No sequence variation was observed between the two species for any DNA barcode gene. However, one ISSR i.e. ISSR-37 showed a clear distinction between the species and produced 570 bp and 746 bp amplicons in C. verum and C. cassia, respectively. The polymorphic bands were converted into species specific SCAR markers. The SCAR-CV was specific to C. verum and amplified 190 bp band, however there was no amplification seen in the C. cassia samples.
Conclusion The SCAR primers generated in this study can be employed as efficient, economical, and reliable molecular markers for the identification of C. verum.
Diagnostic value of Kaiser score combined with breast vascular assessment from breast MRI for the characterization of breast lesions
Authors: Zhou Xin-zhu , Liu Lian-hua , He Shuang , Yao Hui-fang , Chen Li-ping , Deng Chen , Li Shuang-Ling , Zhang Xiao-yong , Lai Hua
Published: April 2023

Objectives. Kaiser scoring system for breast magnetic resonance imaging (bMRI) is a clinical decision-making tool in diagnosing breast lesions. However, the Kaiser score (KS) did not include the evaluation of breast vascularity. Therefore, this study aimed to using of KS combined with breast vascular assessment，defined as KS*, and investigate the effectiveness of KS* in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions.
Methods. This retrospective study included 223 patients with suspicious breast lesions and pathologically verified results. The histopathological diagnostic criteria were according to the fifth edition of WHO classification of breast tumors. The KS* was obtained after joint evaluation combing the original KS and breast vasculature assessment. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used for comparing differences in the diagnostic performance between KS* and KS, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) was compared.
Results. There were 119 (53.4%) benign and 104 (46.6%) malignant lesions in total. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of increased ipsilateral breast vascularity were 69.2%, 76.5%, and 73.1%, respectively. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of AVS were 82.7%, 76.5%, and 79.4%, respectively. For all lesions included, the AUC of KS* was greater than that of KS (0.877 vs. 0.858, P=0.016). ﻿The largest difference between AUC was observed in the non-mass subgroup (0.793 vs. 0.725, P=0.029).
Conclusions. Ipsilateral increased breast vascularity and positive AVS sign were significantly associated with malignancy. KS combined with breast vascular assessment can effectively improve the diagnostic ability of KS for breast lesions, especially for non-mass lesions.
PSMD4 drives progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via Akt/COX2 pathway and p53 inhibition
Authors: Zhang Jiamin , Fang Shu , Rong Fanghao , Jia Miaomiao , Wang Yunpeng , Cui Huixian , Hao Peipei
Published: April 2023

The ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathway is crucial for cellular regulation, including control of the cell cycle, differentiation, and apoptosis. Proteasome 26S Subunit Ubiquitin Receptor, Non-ATPase 4, (PSMD4) is a member of the ubiquitin proteasome family that is upregulated in multiple solid tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the existence of PSMD4 is associated with unfavorable prognosis. In this study, transcriptome sequencing of HCC tissues and non-tumor hepatic tissues from the public database Cancer Genome Atlas (TGCA) revealed a high expression of PSMD4. Additionally, PSMD4 loss in HCC cells suppressed the tumor development in mouse xenograft model. PSMD4, which is maintained by inflammatory factors secreted from tumor matrix cells, positively mediates cell growth and is associated with Akt/GSK-3β/ cyclooxygenase2 (COX2) pathway activation, inhibition of p53 promoter activity, and increased p53 degradation. However, the domain without the C-terminus (VWA + UIM1/2) sustained the activation of p53 transcription. Thus, our findings suggest that PSMD4 is involved in HCC tumor growth through COX2 expression and p53 downregulation. Therapeutic strategies targeting PSMD4 and its downstream effectors could be used for the treatment of PSMD4 abundant HCC patients.
The development of laying hen locomotion in 3D space is affected by early environmental complexity and genetic strain
Authors: Rentsch Ana K. , Ross Erin , Harlander Alexandra , Niel Lee , Siegford Janice , Widowski Tina M.
Published: April 2023

Adult laying hens are increasingly housed in spatially complex systems, e.g., non-cage aviaries, where locomotion between elevated structures can be challenging for these gallinaceous birds. This study assessed the effect of early environmental complexity on spatial skills in two genetic strains. Brown (B) and white (W) feathered birds were raised in: Conventional cages with minimal complexity (Con) or rearing aviaries with low (Low), intermediate (Mid), or high complexity (High). Birds from each housing treatment were challenged at three different time points in three different, age-appropriate vertical spatial tasks. Whites performed better than brown birds in all tests regardless of rearing environment. In chicks, test performance was predominantly explained by variation between replicates and differences in motivation for test participation. Treatment effects were seen in pubertal birds (pullets), with pullets from aviaries performing better than those from Conv. White High pullets performed better than white Mid or Low, an effect that was not found in browns. Pullets preferred to use a ramp to move downwards, but only when ramps had previously been experienced and when the ramp was not too steep. Overall, early environmental complexity affected spatial skills of laying hen pullets with stronger effects in white than brown feathered birds.
Technological Innovation in the Recognition Process of Yaozhou Kiln Ware Patterns Based on Image Classification
Authors: Liu Qian
Published: April 2023

The Chinese traditional culture embodies the wisdom and strength of the people of all ethnic groups in China. The superb and exquisite workmanship of Yaozhou kiln ceramics, as well as the decorative patterns on the surface of porcelain and the rich categories of porcelain, fully reflect the great charm of Chinese traditional culture, which also has high historical research value, artistic appreciation value, and collection value. In the process of making Yaozhou Kiln ceramics, craftsmen selected raw materials according to local characteristics, and studied the rich and varied patterns of porcelain in terms of porcelain molding methods, decoration techniques and baking temperatures. In the process of the development of computer vision technology, image classification is the main content to improve the level of technology development, and it is also related to the efficiency of pattern recognition. Yaozhou's porcelain design method not only endows porcelain with material value, but also expresses people's spiritual sustenance by using the patterns on the porcelain surface. Decorations can not only become an important element of porcelain decoration, but also link national culture together and promote cultural transmission. The main principle of image classification is to automatically classify an image according to the visual characteristics, so that the image has a unique classification mark, which is convenient for the system to recognize. This paper uses image classification technology to extract and analyze the characteristics of Yaozhou kiln ceramics, mainly from the shape of porcelain, the type of ornamentation and inscriptions of its three features for image recognition and classification, and discusses the use of advanced technology to replace traditional experts to identify porcelain ornamentation.
Digital transformation Value Creating of manufacturing enterprises based on the Internet of Things and data encryption technology
Authors: Liu Yijie , Pan Feng
Published: April 2023

This article starts from studying the privacy technology of the Internet of Things, focusing on the basic hierarchical model of the Internet of Things and the models used to review, process and store private data, the unique privacy protection methods and the new functions of the Internet of Things.Based on a detailed discussion of the enterprise digital rating system, this article chooses a maturity perspective to create the enterprise digital maturity concept and analysis framework. Through field research and interviews, we have developed a digital maturity model by improving and reviewing digital maturity indicators based on the principle of indicator selection. On the basis of combing the theoretical points of digital transformation in developed and domestic countries, this research discusses the tasks and requirements of the development of contemporary Chinese large-scale manufacturing enterprises based on the national conditions.It is based on the classic theories of value chains and industrial value chains, to systematically summarize and analyze the transformation paths and goals of Chinese manufacturing enterprises.Through the research of the Internet of Things and data encryption technology, this article applies it to the digital transformation path of manufacturing enterprises, thereby promoting the rapid development of manufacturing.
Molecular Characterization and Expression of Lactoferrin Receptor (LfR) in Different Regions of the Brain Responding to Lactoferrin Intervention: a Mechanism for Neurodevelopment and Cognition in Piglets
Authors: Wang Siqi , Zhang Nai , Jiang Bowen , Lönnerdal Bo , Chen Yue , Wang Bing
Published: April 2023

Lactoferrin (LF) promotes neurodevelopment and cognition, but whether it acts through the LF receptor (LfR) and its expression profile in the brain remains unknown. We characterized 972 bp of piglet brain LfR cDNA and found LfR mRNA was expressed all brain regions being highest in the frontal lobe, followed by parietal lobe, brainstem, occipital lobe, cingulate gyrus, subventricular zone, olfactory bulb, hippocampus, amygdala, cerebellum and thalamus. LfR mRNA and protein in different regions of the brain responded to low (155) and high (285 mg/kg/day) LF supplementation of piglets from postnatal day 3 to 38. Low LF diet significantly increased LfR protein expression in the occipital lobe compared to controls, but not the high LF diet. LfR protein in the subventricular zone of the high LF group was 42% and 38% higher than that of the low LF group and controls, respectively. There was a trend for a dose-response relationship between LF intervention and LfR protein expression in the prefrontal and parietal lobes. LF supplementation significantly improved piglet working memory for a difficult task, which was correlated with brain LfR protein, but no dose-response. Brain LfR responds to dietary LF supplementation, a mechanism by which LF can promote learning and working memory through its receptor. LfR is expressed in the whole brain, and its expression level is anatomic region specific.
Complete Remission of a Patient With HER-2 amplification Gastric Cancer Treated With Sintilimab Combined With Trastuzumab
Authors: Ju Yuming , Zhu GuanYu , Wei Yuzhe , Wang Zeshen , Jin Shiyang , Cheng Qingqing , Wang Qiancheng , Liu Linghui , Liu Xirui , Li Zhenglong , Zheng Wangyang , Wang Kuan , Xing Jun
Published: April 2023

Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China and is also a major cause of cancer deaths worldwide, for which treatment strategies are extremely limited. Patients Susually lose the opportunity of therapeutic surgery because the lesions cannot be completely removed, although it can greatly prolong their survival time. Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2（HER-2）is the diagnostic criterion that determines whether patients can be the therapy with target in gastric cancer. However, the effect of targeted therapy on improving patient over survival (OS) is not significant. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) sintilimab has shown significant efficacy in the treatment of gastric cancer.
Case presentation A 50-year-old man was diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of GC with multiple lymph node metastases. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) shows retroperitoneal, ileocecal, ascending colon, pelvic peritoneum, and mesangial metastasis. Then, the patient underwent genetic testing.The results indicated that MSS, PD-L1 CPS = 2, HER-2(3+). Therefore, the first choice was chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy and targeted therapy. The regimen was chosen with sintilimab plus trastuzumab with chemotherapy SOX as first-line therapy for patients. After two cycles of treatment, the expression of CA199 was decreased, and lymph node metastases were smaller than before. The treatment was continued, and CT scans suggested complete response (CR) was achieved for both the lymph node metastases and gastric lesions after of 4 cycles treatment on 31 January 2023. Maintenance sintilimab plus trastuzumab was selected because of his stable CR status. During the treatment period, there was no occurrence of relatively serious adverse effects due to chemotherapy.
ConclusionHER-2-positive GC of patients who receives target combined with immune therapy may be an efficient and safe decision-making therapeutic choice. The case provides a treatment regimen for patients with HER-2-positive, whether to choose combination therapy as a new treatment regimen. This is the first reported case of gastric cancer with multiple lymph node metastases with complete remission with sintilimab plus trastuzumab.
Microbial communities on UV cabins in the dermatology service of a Spanish hospital: ecology and resistance to UV light and antibiotics
Authors: Molina-Menor Esther , Carlotto Nicolás , Vidal-Verdú Àngela , Pérez-Ferriols Amparo , Pérez-Pastor Gemma , Porcar Manuel
Published: April 2023

Microorganisms colonize all possible ecological habitats, including those subjected to harsh stressors such as UV radiation. Hospitals, in particular the UV cabins used in phototherapy units, constitute an environment in which microbes are intermittently subjected to UV irradiation. This selective pressure, in addition to the frequent use of antibiotics by patients, may represent a threat in the context of the increasing problem of antimicrobial resistance. In this work, a collection of microorganisms has been established in order to study the microbiota associated to the inner and outer surfaces of UV cabins and to assess their resistance to UV light and the antibiotics frequently used in the Dermatology Service of a Spanish hospital. Our results show that UV cabins harbor a relatively diverse biocenosis dominated by typically UV-resistant microorganisms commonly found in sun-irradiated environments, such as Kocuria, Micrococcusor Deinococcus spp., but also clinically relevant taxa, such as Staphylococcusor Pseudomonas spp. The UV-radiation assays revealed that, although some isolates displayed some resistance, UV is not a major factor shaping the biocenosis living on the cabins, since a similar pool of resistant microorganisms was identified on the external surface of the cabins. Interestingly, some Staphylococcus spp. displayed resistance to one or more antibiotics, although the hospital reported no cases of antibiotic-resistance infections of the patients using the cabins. Finally, no association between UV and antibiotic resistances was found.
Dual-scale chemical ordering enables exceptional cryogenic mechanical properties of medium-entropy alloys
Authors: Raabe Dierk , Lu Tiwen , Sun Binhan , Dai Sheng , Li Yue , Ye Fan , Niu Jiacheng , Silva Alisson Kwiatkowski da , Deng Sihao , Xie Yu , Yao Ning , Tan Jianping , He Tianbing , Ponge Dirk , He Lunhua , Zhang Xiancheng , Tu Shan-Tung
Published: April 2023

The mechanical properties of metallic materials often significantly deteriorate when used under harsh conditions, particularly at cryogenic temperatures. Yet, safe and lasting low-temperature infrastructures are needed to realize the growing global demand for liquid energy carriers such as hydrogen[1]. Traditional microstructure strategies designed for high strength and ductility at room temperature often fail when exposed to such low temperatures due to the unresolved conflict between strength and damage tolerance under such conditions[2, 3]. Here we introduce a new type of dual-scale atomic ordering nanostructure embedded in a massive metallic solid solution matrix to overcome this challenge. This reconciles advantages of two antagonistic mechanisms in one material concept, namely, a well-balanced enthalpy-driven ordering on the one hand and entropy-driven solid solution on the other. We realize the approach in form of an exceptionally high number density of coexisting sub-nanoscale chemical short-range ordered (SRO, ~2.4×10^26 m-3) and nanoscale long-range ordered (NLRO, ~4.5×10^25 m-3) zones in a CoNiV-based compositionally complex alloy. We observe several types of interactions between the chemical ordering and the dislocations, i.e., the defects that carry both, the material’s inelastic deformation and potentially also its damage initiation. We observe an ordering-induced increase in dislocation shear stress (providing strength) as well as a more rapid dislocation multiplication due to the frequent blocking of the planar dislocation flux by NLRO and the associated generation of new dislocations (providing ductility). The latter effect also releases stress concentrations at NLRO obstacles that otherwise would promote damage initiation and failure (a phenomenon observed in materials with larger ordered zones and precipitates). Consequently, a higher strength-ductility combination (strength-elongation product 76.5 GPa% with 1172 MPa yield strength at 87 K) is achieved in comparison to reference materials devoid of such ordering hierarchy (yield strength 794 MPa), containing only SRO (yield strength 931 MPa) or coherent precipitates of a few tens of nanometers (strength-elongation product 38.8 GPa%). Our results thus reveal the effects of different types (and scales) of coexisting chemical ordering on mechanical properties of complex alloys and provide guidelines to control them, which serves as a new design approach for strong and tough materials particularly for cryogenic applications.
FTH1 protects against osteoarthritis by inhibits ECM degradation via the MAPK pathway
Authors: Yuan Zhikun , Yang Lingfeng , Li Yanhui , Li Xuming , Peng Changgui , Zhang Haiyan , Cai Daozhang , Pan Jianying
Published: April 2023

Ferritin heavy chain 1, which FTH codes, is an important subunit of ferro-storing proteins and is indispensable in iron metabolism. It has been extensively researched in numerous organs and illnesses. Nevertheless, the relationship between FTH1 and osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear. Here, we highlighted the significance of FTH1 in the pathophysiology of OA and identified it as a critical mediator of chondrocyte senescence and extracellular matrix(ECM) degradation. We discovered that FTH1 expression was downregulated in OA patients as well as mice after destabilized medial meniscus surgery (DMM). Knocking down of FTH1 caused articular cartilage damage and extracellular matrix degradation in cartilage explants. Furthermore, increased FTH1 expression can lessen the susceptibility of chondrocytes to ferroptosis, and reversed the decreased of SOX9 and aggrecan after DMM surgery in mice. The further study demonstrated that FTH1 relieved osteoarthritis by inhibiting the MAPK pathway in chondrocytes. Our study proved that FTH1 played an essential role in extracellular matrix degradation, ferroptosis and chondrocytes senescence during OA procedure, and intra-injection of adenovirus expressing FTH1 perhaps a viable and potential strategy for OA prevention and therapy.
Blockchain ingrained Electronic Health Record Management System with Patient Control, Data Quality & Security assurance and Cloud storage
Authors: Sharma Arvind K. , Habib Gousia , Wadhawan Savita , Soni Himani
Published: April 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.