bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Bangladesh Medical College Hospital (B.M.C.H) Protocol in Achieving Zero Shunt Infection in Paediatric Hydrocephalus
Authors: Hamid Rezina
Published: September 2023

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection is one of the most dreadful complications of shunt surgery. Though topical, intravenous, and intraventricular antibiotics have been used; the infection rate is still high. It is a retrospective cohort study from Jan 2018 to Dec 2022 in Bangladesh Medical College, performed by a single Neurosurgeon. Objective: To see the effectiveness of the B.M.C.H protocol of shunt surgery in minimizing shunt infection. Method: 83 pediatric Ventriculo Peritoneal shunt cases were selected, who met the inclusion criteria. They were divided into 2 groups. One group had an Ommaya reservoir with or without endoscopic third ventriculostomy (failed) and was subject to cerebrospinal fluid aspiration for a considerable period followed by a shunt. The other group had conventional shunt (non-Ommaya) surgery. Results: The overall infection rate in our hospital in shunt surgery is 3.6%. Among the non-Ommaya or conventional shunt group, it reached 7.1%, while among the Ommaya group, there was not a single shunt infection in the follow-up period. 47% of babies came from the poorest population of the country. There was no significant relationship found between infection with a history of previous infection, per operative use of an endoscope, early age, or preterm birth. Follow up period was between 6 to 18 months. Conclusions: In a non-specialized hospital in a third-world country with limited neurosurgical capacity, following B.M.C.H. protocol, we found the babies who had Ommaya reservoir and underwent regular cerebrospinal fluid aspiration for a period of time before Ventriculo peritoneal shunt surgery were infection free in the long and short time follow up.
Should we expect design?
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

What kind of universe should one expect to see, as a Christian, or as an atheist, or whatever? Is design (conveniently defined by fellows of the Discovery Institute) something that a Christian should expect to see? That's the question I ask over at Clashing Culture, reflecting on some of the weird theological claims of some ID proponents (and of Richard Dawkins). Wander over and weigh in.
Mendel's Garden here this weekend
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

The 28th edition of Mendel's Garden, a genetics blog carnival, will appear here at Quintessence of Dust on Sunday. Please send submissions, whether you wrote them or not.
Daniel Harrell on Nature's Witness
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

You may recall that I gave a very strong recommendation to a recent book (Nature's Witness: How Evolution Can Inspire Faith) by my friend and former pastor, Dr. Daniel Harrell of Park Street Church in Boston. David Opderbeck, at his blog Through a Glass Darkly, has been conversing with Daniel about the book and his ideas. The series has three parts so far (links below). And the rest of David's blog is worth some time as well.
Clone wars, or how evolution got a speed limit
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

The standard simplified narrative of evolutionary adaptation goes something like this. A population of organisms is exposed to a challenge of some kind. Perhaps a new predator has appeared on the scene, or the temperature of the environment has ticked up a degree or two, or the warm little pond is slowly accumulating a toxic chemical.
Signature in the Cell: beginning the review
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

So Stephen Meyer of the Discovery Institute, a founder of the ID movement, wrote a book called Signature in the Cell: DNA and the Evidence for Intelligent Design. It came out last summer, and I ignored it. I ignored it because it didn't seem interesting or important or new, and there's always something interesting and important and new to read. (I recently finished The Road.
Weekly sampler 24
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

1. Get your genome sequenced for $48,000. I would so do this. In the meantime, we bought the Matheson family DNA test for my dad for Father's Day. 2. I'm following this series at Siris: Philosophical Sentences explained. You know the old chestnuts: Cogito ergo sum, God is dead, virtue is its own reward, cleanliness is next to godliness... heh. Brandon tells us where they came from and a little about them.
historia de las matemáticas como recurso didáctico para enriquecer su enseñanza mediante simulaciones
Authors: Reyes Martínez Magally , Garciadiego Dantán Alejandro
Published: September 2023

La función didáctica que tiene la historia de las matemáticas para incidir en la comprensión de sus fundamentos y evidenciar la dificultad de conceptos, plantea alternativas de enseñanza para el cálculo diferencial, la materia de mayor reprobación a nivel superior. Se presenta la obra de Francisco Antonio Bataller, uno de los primeros profesores de matemáticas de la Nueva Españadel siglo XVIII, con sus tratados sobre hidrodinámica y óptica para problemas de minería. Además, se analiza el primer libro de texto de matemáticas de Benito Bails que presenta problemas de optimización que aún se utilizan en libros de texto contemporáneos. Estos fundamentos permiten elaborar modelos simulados usando tecnología para tratar la derivada y propiedades de optimización, tomando así estos problemas un sentido diferente para los estudiantes de ingeniería de primer año universitario. Se presentan resultados de aplicación de estas actividades en 90 alumnos de primer semestre de Informática Administrativa en la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México durante el periodo de pandemia.
De la acción al conocimiento: aprendizaje de las matemáticas a partir de un enfoque algorítmico en educación básica
Authors: López Balderas José Macario , Martínez Reyes Magally , Delgado Pineda Miguel
Published: September 2023

El presente trabajo conlleva una reflexión ontológica en el quehacer educativo de un docente al realizar intervenciones didácticas en 11 alumnos de tercer grado de una Telesecundaria de una localidad semirural en el Estado de México, mediante un estudio cuasi experimental se exploran sus procesos cognitivos al introducir una actividad lúdica denominada “El andar de una hormiga”, donde se lleva a cabo un acercamiento al desarrollo de un proceso algorítmico que sirve para la solución de un problema de medición que explora las propiedades de triángulos rectángulos y acercase a la noción del Teorema de Pitágoras. La aproximación identifica los niveles cognitivos según Piaget de los 11 alumnos y diferencia en cada uno qué procesos y qué herramientas utilizan para resolver este problema y generar su propio conocimiento.
ĐÁNH GIÁ TÁC DỤNG CỦA LIỆU PHÁP THAY HUYẾT TƯƠNG ĐIỀU TRỊ SUY GAN CẤP TÍNH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN QUÂN Y 354, TỪ NĂM 2018-2020
Authors: Ngô Toàn Thắng  , Trần Quốc Thắng
Published: September 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá cải thiện lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng ở các bệnh nhân suy gan cấp tính, điều trị bằng liệu pháp thay huyết tương và tìm hiểu một số yếu tố tiên lượng ở bệnh nhân nghiên cứu.
Đối tượng, phương pháp: Nghiên cứu can thiệp ngẫu nhiên không đối chứng, so sánh trước và sau điều trị 47 bệnh nhân suy gan cấp tính (nhóm 1: 20 bệnh nhân suy gan cấp do các bệnh lí cấp tính; nhóm 2: 27 bệnh nhân suy gan cấp trên nền bệnh gan mạn hoặc xơ gan), điều trị nội khoa tích cực kết hợp thay huyết tương bằng plasma với 158 lần thực hiện kĩ thuật.
Kết quả: Số lần thay huyết tương trung bình trên 1 người bệnh ở nhóm 1 là 2,8 ± 1,32 lần, ở nhóm 2 là 3,77 ± 1,42 lần (khác biệt với p < 0,05); chỉ gặp phản vệ độ 1 ở 18 lần (11,4%), phản vệ độ 2 ở 1 lần (0,06%), không có phản vệ ở mức độ cao hơn. Sau khi thay huyết tương, các triệu chứng lâm sàng, chỉ số xét nghiệm ở cả 2 nhóm đều được cải thiện so với thời điểm vào viện: bilirubin toàn phần, creatinin, INR giảm (với p < 0,05); tỉ lệ prothrombin tăng (với p < 0,05); điểm MELD, điểm SOFA giảm và điểm Glasgow tăng (với p < 0,05). Tỉ lệ tử vong ở nhóm 1 (35,0%) thấp hơn ở nhóm 2 (55,6%), với p < 0,05. Giá trị tiên lượng tử vong của thang điểm MELD: với MELD > 40 điểm, tỉ lệ tử vong là 100%; với MELD từ 30-39 điểm, tỉ lệ tử vong là 87,5%; với MELD từ 20-29 điểm, tỉ lệ tử vong là 73,79% và với MELD từ 10-19 điểm, tỉ lệ tử vong là 22,2%.
KẾT QUẢ CẤP CỨU VÀ VẬN CHUYỂN BỆNH NHÂN BẰNG ĐƯỜNG KHÔNG, TẠI BỆNH VIỆN QUÂN Y 175
Authors: Trần Quốc Việt
Published: September 2023

Mục tiêu: Nhận xét đặc điểm bệnh lí và đánh giá kết quả tổ chức cấp cứu, điều trị, vận chuyển bệnh nhân bằng đường không.

Đối tượng, phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả 37 bệnh nhân được cấp cứu, vận chuyển bằng đường không từ các vùng biển, đảo phía Nam về điều trị tại Bệnh viện Quân y 175, từ 01/2018 đến 9/2022.

Kết quả: 100% bệnh nhân là nam giới và đều trong độ tuổi lao động (trung bình 40 ± 12 tuổi). Chủ yếu bệnh nhân là ngư dân (47,6%), bị đa chấn thương (35,1%), tổn thương cơ quan hô hấp (66,7%) và tuần hoàn (71,4%). Can thiệp hồi sức trong vận chuyển thường là dùng thuốc vận mạch (32,4%) và đặt nội khí quản, thở máy (27,0%). Thời gian trung bình từ khi nhận lệnh đến khi tiếp cận người bệnh là 3,8 ± 0,9 giờ; thời gian trung bình cho một lần vận chuyển là 9,5 ± 1,5 giờ. Thời gian điều trị trung bình của bệnh nhân là 8,5 ± 1,6 ngày. 100% bệnh nhân cấp cứu và vận chuyển thành công, trong đó có 94,6% được điều trị ổn định ra viện.

Kết luận: Cấp cứu, vận chuyển bệnh nhân từ các vùng biển, đảo bằng đường không về đất liền điều trị là hình thức cấp cứu trước bệnh viện rất quan trọng, tạo ra “thời gian vàng” trong cửa sổ điều trị, đặc biệt với các bệnh nhân nặng ở vùng sâu, vùng xa, biên giới, hải đảo; tạo điều kiện vận chuyển bệnh nhân về tuyến sau an toàn cho người bệnh và nhân viên y tế.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ MỞ KHÍ QUẢN BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP NONG QUA DA DƯỚI HƯỚNG DẪN NỘI SOI PHẾ QUẢN, TẠI BỆNH VIỆN QUÂN Y 87
Authors: Nguyễn Văn Nghĩa  , Nguyễn Văn Thắng  , Lê Thị Bích Ngọc  , Tô Thị Xuyến  , Dương Thị Thu Thảo
Published: September 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả và khảo sát tỉ lệ các tai biến, biến chứng kĩ thuật mở khí quản bằng phương pháp nong qua da dưới hướng dẫn nội soi phế quản.

Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả có can thiệp trên 25 bệnh nhân mở khí quản bằng phương pháp nong qua da dưới hướng dẫn nội soi phế quản, tại Khoa Hồi sức cấp cứu, Bệnh viện Quân y 87, từ tháng 9/2022 đến tháng 5/2023.

Kết quả: Tỉ lệ mở khí quản thành công bằng phương pháp nong qua da dưới hướng dẫn nội soi phế quản là 100%. Thời gian mở khí quản trung bình là 8,9 ± 1,5 phút. Chiều dài đường rạch da trung bình 1,8 ± 0,1 cm. Thời gian thở máy sau mở khí quản trung bình 5,8 ± 2,9 ngày. Tỉ lệ cai máy thở thành công là 92,0%. Tỉ lệ các tai biến trong quá trình thực hiện thủ thuật là 16,0%, trong đó chảy máu chiếm 8,0%. 8,0% bệnh nhân gặp biến chứng sớm (2 ca chảy máu) và 8,0% bệnh nhân gặp biến chứng muộn (1 ca chảy máu và 1 ca nhiễm trùng). Không ghi nhận trừng hợp nào bị thủng thành sau khí quản, tràn khí dưới da và màng phổi.

Kết luận: Mở khí quản bằng phương pháp nong qua da dưới hướng dẫn nội soi phế quản cho tỉ lệ thành công cao, thời gian thực hiện kĩ thuật ngắn, ít gây ra các tai biến và biến chứng.
Editorial
Authors: Barsky Osvaldo
Published: September 2023

El año 2020 fue dominado por el impacto de la epidemia del Corona Virus en distintos ámbitos, entre ellos el de la educación superior. En el número anterior de Debate Universitario presentamos un temprano debate sobre la enseñanza virtual, modalidad a la que se vieron obligadas a desplazarse las instituciones universitarias ante la prohibición decretada por el gobierno nacional del dictado de clases presenciales. Debates similares se desarrollaron en otras revistas académicas nacionales y latinoamericanas. Globalmente se aprecia que todavía existe un debate confuso, en que suele asimilarse el precario sistema de clases a distancia universalizado por necesidad en este corto período, con los complejos procesos desarrollados por la educación a distancia en materia de contenidos didácticos y pedagógicos.
Evidencias preliminares sobre la reforma universitaria de 1918 como shock dentro del ciclo largo 1880-1929 de la economía abierta y pequeña de Argentina
Authors: Gertel Héctor , Blasco Manuel
Published: September 2023

El artículo analiza la influencia de los factores de carácter económico en la emergencia de reformas universitarias durante el período largo de progreso económico de Argentina 1880-1929, que en la literatura económica se asocia con la inserción del país en la economía global. Un modelo sencillo ayuda a identificar ciclos recurrentes de crecimiento, crisis y desaceleración de la economía en este periodo. El canal del empleo conecta a los ciclos de crecimiento con el desarrollo de movimientos estudiantiles reformistas en la universidad en este modelo. Los ciclos de crecimiento provocan la emergencia de nuevas y más complejas demandas de trabajo profesional para puestos de liderazgo. Los movimientos estudiantiles reformistas en la universidad adquieren, a su vez, visibilidad más fuerte durante la etapa de desaceleración y crisis de la economía, cuando la demanda de empleo profesional se debilita. La evidencia preliminar indica que la Universidad de Buenos Aires demostró, en este periodo, mayor capacidad de adaptación institucional con relación a la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Esto podría explicar la fuerza que finalmente alcanzó el estallido de Córdoba en 1918. The article analyzes the influence of economic factors on the emergence of university reforms during the long period of economic progress in Argentina 1880-1929, which, in economic literature, is associated with the country’s insertion into the global economy. A simple model helps to identify recurring cycles of growth, crisis and slowdown of the economy in this period. The employment channel connects the growth cycles with the development of reformist university student movements in this model. Cycles of growth induced the emergence of new and more complex professional job demands for leadership positions. The reformist university student movements acquired, in turn, stronger visibility during the economic slowdown and crisis stages, when the demand for professional employment weakened. Preliminary evidence indicates that the University of Buenos Aires demonstrated, in this period, greater institutional capacity for adaptation to society in relation to the National University of Córdoba. This could explain the force that finally reached the outbreak of Córdoba in 1918.
Virginitas dalam Sistem Pencatatan Perkawinan: Pendekatan Multiparadigma
Authors: Rahman Ghozali , Soeradji Elvi , Dakhoir Ahmad
Published: September 2023

Minimnya penghargaan terhadap virginitas tidak hanya muncul dalam realitas sosial, namun juga muncul dalam perdebatan konseptual tentang hakikat dan nilai virginitas dalam konstruksi hukum perkawinan di Indonesia. Persoalan virginitas muncul ketika penghulu mencatat double status seseorang yang akan menikah. Disatu sisi, memiliki status perawan karena belum pernah bersenggama meskipun pernah menikah, dan disisi lain sudah pernah bersenggama namun belum pernah menikah. Seseorang yang memiliki double status seperti itulah yang menyebabkan para penghulu mengalami kesulitan dalam mencatat status tersebut. Untuk menguraikan problematika tersebut, penulis menggunakan pendekatan mutliparadigma dan teori hermeneutika hukum. Data dikumpulkan melalui interview, dan studi literatur. Artikel ini menyatakan bahwa pentingnya nilai-nilai virginitas dalam konstruksi hukum perkawinan telah bergeser, sehingga status ganda dalam pencatatan perkawinan seorang yang memiliki double status virginitas tersebut telah terabaikan. Padahal double status virginitas memiliki implikasi hukum secara de yure adalah perawan/jejaka, namun secara de facto bukan lagi perawan/jejaka. Pergeseran nilai virginitas juga terlihat dari lemahnya kontrol sosial dan perlindungan hukum terhadap status virginitas seseorang sebelum menikah.

Kata Kunci: Virginitas, Sistem Hukum Pekawinan, Multiparadigma
Hambatan dalam Pelaksanaan Pendaftaran Jaminan Fidusia pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi pada Kantor Notaris Nuraini, S.H.,M.Kn)
Authors: Widyawati Astuti , Suharno Suharno , Khaerudin Ariy
Published: September 2023

Pelaksanaan pendaftaran jaminan fidusia secara elektronik diberlakukan mulai tahun 2013 sesuai Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia Nomor 9 Tahun 2013 tentang Pemberlakuan Pendaftaran Jaminan Fidusia Secara Elektronik. Jaminan fidusia wajib di daftarkan pada lembaga jaminan fidusia. Pada kondisi pandemi Covid-19 pelaksanaan pendaftaran jaminan fidusia yang dilakukan secara elektronik memiliki keuntungan bagi notaris selaku kuasa untuk mendaftarkan jaminan fidusia. Namun dalam pelaksanaan pendaftaran jaminan fidusia secara elektronik terdapat beberapa hambatan yang harus dihadapi oleh notaris. Tujuan penelitian ini mengkaji berbagai hambatan dalam pelaksanaan pendaftaran jaminan fidusia pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian ini didukung menggunakan data berupa fakta-fakta yang diperoleh secara langsung dari sumber data untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian ini.

Kata Kunci : Covid-19; Hambatan; Pendaftaran Fidusia.
Tolok Ukur Pembelaan Terpaksa yang Dibenarkan Menurut Hukum Pidana dari Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan dalam Putusan No.21/PID.B/2018/PN/Magelang
Authors: Fransiska Febby , Junaidi Amir , Raharno Raharno
Published: September 2023

Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana tolak ukur pembelaan terpaksa yang melampaui batas yang dapat di benarkan dalam hukum pidana dari tindak pidana pembunuhan oleh terdakwa. Berdasarkan fakta hukum tertulis yaitu ketentuan dalam Pasal 49 ayat (1) dan ayat (2) KUHP. Tolok ukur dalam pembelaan terpaksa yang melampaui batas yang dibenarkan dalam hukum pidana adalah sebagaimana tercantum dalam Pasal 49 ayat (2) KUHP yaitu hal yang harus dilakukan dalam keadaan terdesak dan seketika serta mengakibatkan kegoncangan jiwa yang hebat dengan didahului serangan oleh orang lain. Namun, dalam kasus ini kegoncangan jiwa yang hebat tersebut timbul dikarenakan adanya pengaruh minuman beralkohol maka tidak memenuhi kualifikasi alasan pemaaf sebagai hakikat dari ketentuan Pasal 49 ayat (2) KUHP. Keadaan Terdakwa ketika melakukan perbuatannya secara norma kesusilaan dan norma kepatutan pun adalah juga merupakan suatu yang tercela, karena keadaan Terdakwa dan kawan-kawannya yang dalam pengaruh minuman beralkohol secara nyata telah memancing keributan sehingga mengganggu ketertiban hidup di masyarakat.

Kata Kunci : Tolok Ukur, Pembelaan Terpaksa Melampaui Batas
Tinjauan Hukum Negara Kesatuan yang Menganut Sistem Otonomi Daerah Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah Dalam Penerapan Mekanisme Checks and Balances
Authors: Ismiyanto Ismiyanto , Suniaprily Firstnandiar Glica Aini
Published: September 2023

Sistem mekanisme kontrol seperti checks and balances dianggap mampu mengorganisir kebijakan yang dibuat oleh Pemerintah daerah, seperti lembaga Eksekutif dan Legislatif yang ada pada tiap-tiap daerah. Mekanisme checks and balances selain berfungsi untuk mengorganisir antar lembaga pemerintahan daerah juga berfungsi sebagai alat pengkontrol kewenangan yang diberikan kepada pemerintah daerah dalam mengelola daerah kekuasaannya. Jurnal ini menyoroti intisari dari Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pemerintahan Daerah, yang didalamnya membahas mengenai mekanisme checks and balances dalam upaya kontrol antar lembaga pemerintahan daerah seperti antar lembaga Eksekutif dan Legislatif di daerah, serta penulis hendak menelaah lebih lanjut bagaimana peran dan efektifitas dari mekanisme checks and balances yang diterapkan oleh antar lembaga pemerintahan daerah sehubungan dengan efeknya kepada masyarakat daerah, apakah mampu mewujudkan keadilan sosial yang adil dan merata sesuai dengan tujuan riil dibentuknya otonomi daerah atau belum mampu mewujudkan itu semua dan hanya digunakan sebagai formalitas semata.

Kata Kunci: Otonomi Daerah, Pemerintahan Daerah, Checks and Balances.
Eksekusi Putusan dan Implikasi Hukum Bagi Pihak yang Tidak Patuh dalam Perkara Perdata
Authors: Utami Triara Rizki , Apriliandi Gilang , Akbar Fariz Madhani , Wandono Heri , Destia Iska Wina
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini menganalisis prosedur eksekusi putusan pengadilan dalam perkara perdata serta dampak hukum bagi pihak yang tidak patuh. Metode Yuridis Normatif digunakan untuk mengkaji regulasi dan praktik. Temuan utama adalah eksekusi sebagai tindakan paksa untuk mematuhi putusan yang berkekuatan hukum tetap. Penolakan pihak yang kalah dapat mengakibatkan sita eksekusi dan lelang aset. Implikasi bagi pihak penggugat adalah kepastian hukum terhambat dan kerugian materil serta imateril. Studi ini menggambarkan kompleksitas eksekusi dalam konteks perdata dan akibatnya terhadap kepatuhan terhadap putusan pengadilan.

Kata Kunci: Eksekusi, Putusan, Implikasi Hukum
Pandangan Masyarakat Sumbawa Terkait Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No.128/PUU-XIII/2015 Terkait Penghapusan Persyaratan Calon Kepala Desa Harus Terdaftar Sebagai Penduduk dan Bertempat Tinggal Di Desa Setempat Paling Kurang 1 Tahun Sebelum Pendaftaran
Authors: Zuhri Lahmuddin , Imron Imron
Published: September 2023

Lahirnya Undang-undang No. 6 tahun 2014 tentang Desa membuka peluang bagi desa untuk menjadi mandiri dan otonom. Otonomi desa yang dimaksud adalah otonomi pemerintah desa dalam melakukan pengelolaan pemerintahan dan pelayanan public, termasuk juga tatakelola keuangan desa. Tujuan dari otonomi desa ini guna memberikan ruang kreativitas sekaligus tanggung jawab kepada Kepala Desa dalam melakukan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan, pelaksanaan pembangunan, dan pemberdayaan masyarakat desa. Namun, dalam pelaksanaan penggunaan dana desa masih dirasakan belum efektif dikarenakan belum memadainya kapasitas dan kapabilitas pemerintah desa dan belum terlibatnya peran serta masyarakat secara aktif dalam pengelolaan pemerintahan desa.
Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Pembelaan Terpaksa Sebagai Alasan Penghapus Pidana
Authors: Maulidah Khilmatin , Hengki Muhammad Rizqi
Published: September 2023

KUHP Indonesia mengatur alasan penghapus pidana yang secara umum dibagi menjadi dua yaitu alasan pembenar dan alasan pemaaf. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, dalam penelitian ini merumuskan dua permasalahan yaitu: 1) Bagaimana tinjauan yuridis tentang pembelaan terpaksa sebagai alasan penghapus pidana? 2)Bagaimana tinjauan yuridis pembelaan terpaksa sebagai alasan penghapus pidana dalam KUHP yang berlaku saat ini? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normative. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan yuridis terkait alasan penghapusan pidana dalam KUHP Indonesia yang berlaku saat ini sudah diatur secara eksplisit mengenai ruang lingkup pembagian alasan penghapus pidana ke dalam alasan pembenar atau alasan pemaaf yang sebelumnya belum dibedakan antara keduanya, hal ini menjadi pembaharuan yang tepat dan lebih baik sehingga para aparat penegak hukum lebih mudah dalam menerapkan teori alasan penghapus pidana.
Kata kunci: Tinjauan Yuridis, Pembelaan Terpaksa, Alasan Penghapus Pidana
Espiritualidad en el cuidado que brindan los Internos de enfermería de la Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista sede Chorrillos abril 2019
Authors:   , Girao Morales Milagros Del Pilar
Published: September 2023

Introducción: La espiritualidad en el cuidado de Enfermería es la manifestación de la capacidad del Interno para trascender en la misma con la finalidad de mantener un equilibrio en las dimensiones Bio-Psico-Social desde un enfoque holístico. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de espiritualidad en el cuidado que brindan los Internos de Enfermería de la Universidad San Juan Bautista Sede Chorrillos abril 2019. Metodología: El presente estudio tiene un enfoque cuantitativo de diseño no experimental, la población en estudio estuvo conformada por 58 Internos de Enfermería del área comunitario y hospitalario de la Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, la técnica fue la encuesta y el instrumento fue la Escala de Evaluación de la Espiritualidad y el Cuidado Espiritual (SSCRS). Resultados: Un 67% tiene ausente la espiritualidad con respecto al cuidado y por otro lado, el 33% la tiene presente, por consiguiente, en las dos dimensiones estudiadas tanto religiosa como existencial se obtuvo que un 59% tiene presente la religión con respecto al cuidado y un 41% la tiene ausente, por lo tanto, en la dimensión existencial un 10% la tiene presente con respecto al cuidado y un 90% ausente.
Conductas sexuales de riesgo en adolescentes de 5to secundaria Institución Educativa Túpac Amaru - Villa María del Triunfo septiembre - 2019
Authors:   , Riveros Bautista Hugo Nolasco
Published: September 2023

Introducción: El adolescente está considerado como un grupo vulnerable y propenso a realizar conductas sexuales de riesgo; provocando infecciones de transmisión sexual y embarazos no deseados debido a que no reciben una adecuada educación sexual por parte de su familia y/o docentes de la comunidad educativa. Objetivo: Determinar las conductas sexuales de riesgo en adolescentes de 5to secundaria Institución Educativa Túpac Amaru - Villa María del Triunfo septiembre - 2019. Metodología: El estudio fue de tipo cuantitativo, método de investigación descriptivo, prospectivo y de corte transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 168 adolescentes de 5to secundaria; siendo de tipo probabilístico estratificado. Se utilizó para la recolección de datos un cuestionario de 16 preguntas validado y confiable. Resultado: Los adolescentes son del sexo masculino 55% y femenino 45%; recibiendo educación sexual 32% y no han recibido 68%. Según la variable conductas sexuales de riesgo está presente 62% y ausente 38%. De acuerdo a las dimensiones se obtuvo: el inicio precoz de las relaciones sexuales está presente 56% y ausente 44%; la promiscuidad está presente 24% y ausente 76%; en relación al uso del preservativo está presente 54% y ausente 46%; y respecto al tipo de práctica sexual de riesgo está presente 52% y ausente 48%.
Human Resource Training and Development and Adoption of Solar Photovoltaics in Climate Smart Agriculture in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya
Authors: Korir David K. , Ouma Caren O. , Okech Timothy C.
Published: September 2023

The study aimed to examine the influence of Human Resource training and development on the adoption of solar energy technology in Climate Smart Agriculture in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The study adopted a positivist philosophy and a descriptive correlational research design targeting the County's 240 executive, policy, legislative, and decision-making level staff as of December 2022. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire that was pilot-tested and refined before final data collection. Data collected was analyzed in terms of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 28. Chi-Square test results confirmed a strong association between HR training and development and solar PV adoption {χ² (2546, N = 152) = 2739.667, p < .05}. Results revealed that HR training and development significantly predicted solar PV adoption, β = 1.739, t (152) = 19.548, p < .05, and stakeholder perceptions significantly moderated the relationship between HR training and development and solar PV adoption in the County. Thus, the study rejected the hypothesis that HR training and development did not significantly influence solar PV adoption. The study recommended that the county leadership allocate more financial resources and solar energy experts for training technicians and artisans.
Influence of Development of Human Capital Competencies on Crises Preparedness in Manufacturing Firms within the Kenya Association of Manufacturers
Authors: Wanyagah Paul , Ouma Caren O. , Okello Gabriel
Published: September 2023

To survive and thrive in a dynamic and complex competitive environment riddled with crises, manufacturing firms need to enhance their crises preparedness. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of development of human capital competencies on crises preparedness in manufacturing firms within the Kenya Association of Manufacturers (KAM). The research adopted the positivism approach as the research philosophy and utilized descriptive correlational research design. The study population consisted of 783 chief executive officers from the KAM where a sample of 292 was drawn using stratified random sampling technique. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaire whereas descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to perform data analysis. Descriptive statistics focused on relative frequency distribution, means and standard deviation while inferential statistics included ordinal logistic regression. The study results are presented in form of table and numerical measures with descriptions. The results indicate that development of human capital competencies was a significant predictor of crises preparedness of manufacturing firms (β = 1.025, p < 0.05). The study concludes that development of human capital competencies is vital for the crises preparedness of the manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study recommends to corporate leaders to continually invest in human capital to create a learning organization in harmony with their companies’ purpose, intent, mission and objectives.
The effect of different fertilisers and planting patterns on the fatty acid profile of safflower oil
Authors: Kouchakkhani Hasan , Janmohammadi Mohsen , Sabaghnia Naser
Published: September 2023

The soils of semi-arid regions have serious nutrient deficiencies, and it seems that the qualitative aspects of crops are strongly influenced by fertiliser management and planting patterns. The current experiment was carried out to evaluate the fatty acid composition of safflower oil under the application of different fertilisers (control, farmyard manure at 10 and 20 t ha–1, NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), nano Fe+Zn) and four different planting patterns (planting in-furrow or on-ridge with inter-row distances of 40 cm or 60 cm) in the semi-arid region of north-western Iran (Maragheh). Results showed that all oil compositions significantly responded to fertiliser treatments. Utilisation of farmyard manure (FYM) increased seed oil content, and the highest oil content was recorded in planting on-ridge, which was 18% higher than the control condition. The highest percentage of seed protein was obtained by application of NPK and planting on-ridge with wider inter-row distance. Evaluation of saturated fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, myristic, lauric) showed that the application of high levels of FYM significantly increased these compositions. However, the effect of FYM20 application on main unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid) was much more evident, and it increased iodine value. Taken together, the results of this study indicated a positive and significant effect of the application of high levels of FYM in on-ridge planting with wider row spacing on the qualitative and nutritional aspects of safflower oil.
Anaplasma phagocytophilum in temperate and cold regions of Europe: a review on its prevalence in livestock
Authors: Mikalauskienė Donata , Miknienė Zoja
Published: September 2023

In Europe, Anaplasma phagocytophilum infections in livestock have been reported in several countries, particularly in northern and central Europe, where the climate is temperate or cold. In these regions, the infection is most commonly observed in grazing animals, such as cattle and sheep, during the summer months. The prevalence of A. phagocytophilum infection in livestock can also vary within countries depending on the farming practices and management of the animals. Different studies report varying rates of infection in different countries and regions. In Europe, seroprevalence in livestock has been reported to range from 0% to 55%, with higher rates observed in regions with high tick densities. Molecular methods detect 0% to 85.71% (in animals with clinical symptoms) and 23.94% (using random selection) of A. phagocytophilum genetic material in farm animals. As the infections of Anaplasma spp. bacterium are often asymptomatic or clinical symptoms are not specific in some cases, we hypothesise that there are more anaplasmosis cases in Europe than expected. In this review we analysed scientific data excluding clinical cases, even though there are multiple cases described in different countries in the region of our review.
Interactive Learning for Water Pollution Awareness: A Game-Based Approach
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Farida Ida , Sukmawardani Yulia
Published: September 2023

This research explores the potential of interactive educational games as a tool to enhance environmental literacy, with a specific focus on water pollution issues. The study introduces a designed game encompassing various interactive modules, such as word games, drag-and-drop tasks, multiple-choice questions, evaluations, and an environmental literacy survey. The validation test was carried out by three validators consisting of material expert lecturers and media experts. The average rcount value for validation test results across material aspects, language aspects, and display (media) aspects was calculated as follows: 0.85, 0.92, and 0.84, resulting in an overall rcount value of 0.87. This overall value signifies high validity and strong interpretational significance. Furthermore, the feasibility test was carried out on 15 chemistry education students who had taken environmental chemistry courses. The average rcount of the feasibility test results from all aspects obtained a percentage value of 87%. This study highlights the importance of game design, evaluating long-term impacts, and integrating interactive games into educational curricula.
Impact of Teacher Certification on Teacher Motivation and Performance in State Senior High Schools in Ternate City, Indonesia
Authors: Albaar Muhammad Ridha , Acim Acim , Abdullah Abubakar
Published: September 2023

This study aims to analyze the impact of the teacher certification on teacher’s motivation and performance in State High Schools in Ternate City, Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. The sample used in this study was 193 teachers who were selected by proportionate random sampling. The data was analyzed using path analysis supported by descriptive statistical analysis. The results indicate that the teacher certification has a direct effect on teacher's motivation and performance. Therefore, improving the application of teacher certification, and achievement motivation can improve performance.
CULTURA ORGANIZACIONAL Y DESEMPEÑO DOCENTE EN LAS INSTITUCIONES EDUCATIVAS DEL NIVEL PRIMARIO, CHOTA - CAJAMARCA
Authors: Díaz Lara Lindaura
Published: September 2023

El trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el grado de relación de la cultura organizacional y el desempeño docente en las instituciones educativas del nivel primario, Chota Cajamarca; de la cual, la cultura organizacional se identifica como los valores y la ética de la organización, y por tanto la cultura, son una fuente de productividad al encargarse de reforzar el desempeño docente. Este estudio fue de un tipo de investigación descriptivo correlacional con un diseño transaccional o de corte transversal, asimismo se usó una muestra no probabilística intencional o por conveniencia de 32 docentes. En la cual se concluye según los resultados de la tabla 1 el valor de r = 1, existe una correlación positiva perfecta. El índice refleja la dependencia total entre ambas dos variables, la que se denomina un grado de relación directa, a mayor relación de la cultura organizacional será un mayor el grado de desempeño docente; es decir cuando una de las variables aumenta, la otra variable aumenta en proporción constante. A mayor dependencia de la cultura organizacional será mayor aumento del desempeño docente.
IMPACTOS AMBIENTALES Y ENFOQUE ECOSISTÉMICO DE LAS PLANTACIONES DE PINUS PATULA
Authors: Cachay Vela Welmer Baltasar , Sopla Tafur Reyninger
Published: September 2023

Pensaba que cualquier forestación o reforestación eran sostenibles; pero, ir a la sierra para probar manjar blanco, comer truchas o sembrar pinos puede constituir un buen turismo vivencial, pero no es un buen turismo ecológico, ya que las prácticas subyacentes a la obtención de estos productos, por requerir la inserción de especies exóticas en un ecosistema con el que no co-evolucionaron, perjudican y perturban su equilibrio (Laflamme, 2018). Precisamente, el objetivo de este artículo fue analizar el impacto ambiental y promover el enfoque ecosistémico de las plantaciones de Pinus patula, debido a que mayormente se foresta y reforesta con fines puramente comerciales-económicos combinados con ciertos fines políticos, en menor escala con fines sociales, y con mínima importancia o sin tener en cuenta los fines ambientales-ecológicos; ante lo cual existe la necesidad de buscar un equilibrio sostenible de estos fines. También se busca ayudar a tomar decisiones con un enfoque ecosistémico más sostenible.
Concepción del profesor sobre la gestión de los conflictos escolares
Authors: Páez Santiago Nellys , Páez Diaz Yenelsy Altagracia
Published: September 2023

El proceso de la convivencia es un reto cada día para los centros educativos; asumir este compromiso ante los cambios que sufre la escuela producto de las realidades en que se encuentra la sociedad de hoy, y sobre todo los docentes al momento de enfrentar los conflictos escolares. Por lo tanto, se deben asumir criterios e ideas que les permitan dar respuesta a dichas situaciones por lo que es importante el rol que estos asuman. El objetivo fue analizar las diferentes percepciones que tienen los docentes de los centros educativos del nivel secundario de los sectores privado, semi privado y público del Municipio de Salcedo Provincia Hermanas Mirabal. El estudio fue de tipo descriptivo desde el enfoque cuantitativo. Por otro lado, se obtuvo una población de 70 docentes con una muestra de 40 profesores en la cual se aplicó el instrumento de un cuestionario. En la cual se concluye que los docentes de los sectores público, semiprivado y privado poseen diversidad en torno a la gestión de conflictos escolares, y la percepción en el desconocimiento de en la gestión de conflictos.
Life Satisfaction: The Role of Happiness and Optimism Among Young Adults
Authors: Thomas Sannet , K Kavya
Published: September 2023

Aim: Life satisfaction (LS) is a term used to describe how people communicate their feelings, sentiments (moods), and perspectives on their potential futures (Ritter, 2003). The tendency to expect the best and see the bright side of things is a common definition of optimism (Schneider & Carver, 1985). Happiness is defined as the experiencing of more frequently happy emotional emotions than negative ones, as well as the impression that one is moving toward significant life goals (Tkach & Lyubomirsky, 2006). This study sought to examine young individuals' levels of life satisfaction, optimism, and happiness. Methods: The study was conducted on 120 young adults aged 18 to 24 years, out of which 60 were females and 60 were males, through purposive sampling techniques. Satisfaction With Life Scales (Dinner, Emmons, Larsen & Griffin in 1985), Life Orientation Test (Carver, 2013), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (Michael Agryel &Peter Hills 2002) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed by using one way ANOVA, mean, standard deviation and Pearson product moment correlation. Result: Result of the study shows that there is no significant difference in the level of life satisfaction, optimism and happiness among young adults across their gender. There is a significant relationship (Positive Correlation) between happiness and life satisfaction among young adults, There is a significant relationship (Positive Correlation) between optimism and life satisfaction among young adults.
Power shortages in Pakistan Causes and Solutions
Authors: Muhammad Usman
Published: September 2023

Load shedding, sporadic power outages, or other disruptions in Pakistan's electrical supply are on the rise. The problem has major ramifications for the nation, particularly in its rural parts. Tariffs had to be raised as a result of the increasing cost of generating electricity as well as the large percentage of line losses, which resulted in losses for the corporations that produce, transmit, and distribute electricity. Power shortages have also made it difficult for the manufacturing sector to add jobs, which has greatly increased Pakistan's unemployment rate. The 42 years at a 10% yearly pace. The government strongly advocated a program of quick electrification in rural regions during this time. Due to this, homes' percentage of overall power usage rose from 12% in 1971–1972 to 47% in 2000–2001. The empirical results demonstrate that load shedding has a hurts hold income, cereal crop yields, and food security levels. Load shedding also led to a rise in poverty levels. According to the findings, a program to lessen load shedding will help increase agricultural output, family income levels, and poverty levels. Farmers in rural Pakistan may find it easier to plan farm management if load shedding is implemented at the right time and for the right amount of time.
IDENTITY DISSOCIATION IN THE VIEW OF ISLAMIC PSYCHOLOGY AND THE SOLUTIONS OFFERED
Authors: Nulhakim Lukman
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to find out the views of Islamic psychology on multiple personalities (identity dissociation) and the solutions offered to treat individuals who experience this disorder. The type of research used is qualitative research with the literature study method, in which the researcher examines various kinds of literature and draws common threads in order to get results or conclusions. While the results of this study are consistent with Islamic psychology's view of multiple personality disorder as a psychiatric disorder that has a negative impact on the individual, such as difficulties in interpersonal relationships, difficulties in decision-making, anxiety disorders, depression, and uncontrolled and unstable behaviour at work, the solutions offered by providing therapy involving spiritual, psychological, and pharmacological aspects are promising. Ruqyah therapy, psychological therapy, pharmacological therapy, spiritual therapy, and combination therapy.
Dermomyotome-derived endothelial cells migrate to the dorsal aorta to support hematopoietic stem cell emergence
Authors: Sahai-Hernandez Pankaj , Pouget Claire , Eyal Shai , Svoboda Ondrej , Chacon Jose , Grimm Lin , Gjøen Tor , Traver David
Published: September 2023

Development of the dorsal aorta is a key step in the establishment of the adult blood-forming system, since hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) arise from ventral aortic endothelium in all vertebrate animals studied. Work in zebrafish has demonstrated that arterial and venous endothelial precursors arise from distinct subsets of lateral plate mesoderm. Here, we profile the transcriptome of the earliest detectable endothelial cells (ECs) during zebrafish embryogenesis to demonstrate that tissue-specific EC programs initiate much earlier than previously appreciated, by the end of gastrulation. Classic studies in the chick embryo showed that paraxial mesoderm generates a subset of somite-derived endothelial cells (SDECs) that incorporate into the dorsal aorta to replace HSPCs as they exit the aorta and enter circulation. We describe a conserved program in the zebrafish, where a rare population of endothelial precursors delaminates from the dermomyotome to incorporate exclusively into the developing dorsal aorta. Although SDECs lack hematopoietic potential, they act as a local niche to support the emergence of HSPCs from neighboring hemogenic endothelium. Thus, at least three subsets of ECs contribute to the developing dorsal aorta: vascular ECs, hemogenic ECs, and SDECs. Taken together, our findings indicate that the distinct spatial origins of endothelial precursors dictate different cellular potentials within the developing dorsal aorta.
Genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cells as a nitric oxide reservoir for acute kidney injury therapy
Authors: Huang Haoyan , Qian Meng , Liu Yue , Chen Shang , Li Huifang , Han Zhibo , Han Zhong-Chao , Chen Xiang-Mei , Zhao Qiang , Li Zongjin
Published: September 2023

Nitric oxide (NO), as a gaseous therapeutic agent, shows great potential for the treatment of many kinds of diseases. Although various NO delivery systems have emerged, the immunogenicity and long-term toxicity of artificial carriers hinder the potential clinical translation of these gas therapeutics. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with the capacities of self-renewal, differentiation, and low immunogenicity, have been used as living carriers. However, MSCs as gaseous signaling molecule (GSM) carriers have not been reported. In this study, human MSCs were genetically modified to produce mutant β-galactosidase (β-GALH363A). Furthermore, a new NO prodrug, 6-methyl-galactose-benzyl-oxy NONOate (MGP), was designed. MGP can enter cells and selectively trigger NO release from genetically engineered MSCs (eMSCs) in the presence of β-GALH363A. Moreover, our results revealed that eMSCs can release NO when MGP is systemically administered in a mouse model of acute kidney injury (AKI), which can achieve NO release in a precise spatiotemporal manner and augment the therapeutic efficiency of MSCs. This eMSC and NO prodrug system provides a unique and tunable platform for GSM delivery and holds promise for regenerative therapy by enhancing the therapeutic efficiency of stem cells.
Transcriptomic profiling of tissue environments critical for post-embryonic patterning and morphogenesis of zebrafish skin
Authors: Aman Andrew J , Saunders Lauren M , Carr August A , Srivatasan Sanjay , Eberhard Colten , Carrington Blake , Watkins-Chow Dawn , Pavan William J , Trapnell Cole , Parichy David M
Published: September 2023

Pigment patterns and skin appendages are prominent features of vertebrate skin. In zebrafish, regularly patterned pigment stripes and an array of calcified scales form simultaneously in the skin during post-embryonic development. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate stripe patterning and scale morphogenesis may lead to the discovery of fundamental mechanisms that govern the development of animal form. To learn about cell types and signaling interactions that govern skin patterning and morphogenesis, we generated and analyzed single-cell transcriptomes of skin from wild-type fish as well as fish having genetic or transgenically induced defects in squamation or pigmentation. These data reveal a previously undescribed population of epidermal cells that express transcripts encoding enamel matrix proteins, suggest hormonal control of epithelial–mesenchymal signaling, clarify the signaling network that governs scale papillae development, and identify a critical role for the hypodermis in supporting pigment cell development. Additionally, these comprehensive single-cell transcriptomic data representing skin phenotypes of biomedical relevance should provide a useful resource for accelerating the discovery of mechanisms that govern skin development and homeostasis.