bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Co-design of an oral health intervention (HABIT) delivered by health visitors for parents of children aged 9-12 months
Authors: Owen Jenny , Gray-Burrows Kara A , Eskytė Ieva , Wray Faye , Bhatti Amrit , Zoltie Timothy , Staples Annalea , Giles Erin , Lintin Edwina , West Robert , Pavitt Sue , McEachan Rosemary RC , Marshman Zoe , Day Peter F
Published: June 2022

Background
Dental caries (tooth decay) in children is a national public health problem with impacts on the child, their family and wider society. Toothbrushing should commence from the eruption of the first primary tooth. Health visitors are a key provider of advice for parents in infancy and are ideally placed to support families to adopt optimal oral health habits. HABIT is a co-designed complex behaviour change intervention to support health visitors’ oral health conversations with parents during the 9–12-month universal developmental home visit.
Methods
A seven stage co-design process was undertaken: (1) Preparatory meetings with healthcare professionals and collation of examples of good practice, (2) Co-design workshops with parents and health visitors, (3) Resource development and expert/peer review, (4) Development of an intervention protocol for health visitors, (5) Early-phase testing of the resources to explore acceptability, feasibility, impact and mechanism of action, (6) Engagement with wider stakeholders and refinement of the HABIT intervention for wider use, (7) Verification, Review and Reflection of Resources.
Results
Following preparatory meetings with stakeholders, interviews and co-design workshops with parents and health visitors, topic areas and messages were developed covering six key themes. The topic areas provided a structure for the oral health conversation and supportive resources in paper-based and digital formats. A five-step protocol was developed with health visitors to guide the oral health conversation during the 9–12 month visit. Following training of health visitors, an early-phase feasibility study was undertaken with preliminary results presented at a dissemination event where feedback for further refinement of the resources and training was gathered. The findings, feedback and verification have led to further refinements to optimise quality, accessibility, fidelity and behaviour change theory.
Conclusion
The co-design methods ensured the oral health conversation and supporting resources used during the 9–12 month visit incorporated the opinions of families and Health Visitors as well as other key stakeholders throughout the development process. This paper provides key learning and a framework that can be applied to other healthcare settings. The structured pragmatic approach ensured that the intervention was evidence-based, acceptable and feasible for the required context.
Trial Registration:
ISRCTN55332414, Registration Date 11/11/2021
Using Team-Based Learning to optimize undergraduate Family Medicine clerkship training - mixed methods study
Authors: Jackson Lisa , Otaki Farah
Published: June 2022

BackgroundTeam-Based Learning (TBL) is an established educational strategy which has become increasingly popular for use in preparation for careers in healthcare. Plenty of efforts have been directed to find incentives for new medical graduates to choose Family Medicine (FM) training. There is a shortage of studies looking at TBL as a strategy for improving students’ impression of the FM discipline.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore the perception of students regarding a TBL intervention, that was designed and implemented in alignment with a constructivist learning theory (Situated Learning Theory), and their impressions regarding the FM discipline.MethodsA convergent mixed methods study design was utilized to develop a thorough understanding of the students’ perceptions. qualitative and quantitative data were concurrently collected and independently analyzed. The output of thematic analysis was merged with the quantitative descriptive and inferential analyses using the iterative joint display analysis process.ResultsThe qualitative findings shed light on the perceived efficacy of the TBL in FM, and the interplay between team cohesion and the engagement with the course. The percentage of the total average of the TBL in FM perceived efficacy score was 88.80%. As for changes in impressions of FM discipline, the percentage of the total average was 83.10%. The perception of team cohesion, with a mean of agreement of 8.62(1.34), seemed to be significantly associated with the perception of the team test phase component, only (P<0.05). As for the perception of level of engagement with the course, with a mean of agreement of 9.29(0.84), it turned out to be significantly associated with the changes in impressions of FM disciplines (P<0.05). Lastly, the joint display analysis showed how the quantitative and qualitative data built upon each other.ConclusionThe current study has shown that TBL embedded in a Family Medicine clinical clerkship rotation is efficacious, tends to be well received by students, and holds the potential to contribute to improving the image of Family Medicine among medical students.
Oocyte Casein kinase 1α deletion causes defects in primordial follicle formation and oocyte loss by impairing oocyte meiosis and enhancing autophagy in developing mouse ovary
Authors: Zhang Di , Jiang Ying , Luo Xuan , liu Hui , Zhou Yewen , Cui Sheng
Published: June 2022

Casein kinase1α is a member of CK1 family, which is ubiquitously expressed and plays multiple functions, including its potential roles in regulating cell division. But the functions of CK1α in mammalian oogenesis and folliculogenesis remain elusive. In this study, we firstly assayed the cell type of CK1α expression in the developing mouse ovary and confirmed that CK1α highly expressed in oocyte. The oocyte-specific CK1α knockout (cKO) mouse model was then established by crossing Ddx4-Cre mice with Csnk1a1-floxp mice, and the effects of CK1α deletion on oogenesis and folliculogenesis were identified. The results showed that oocyte CK1α deletion impaired the progression of oocyte meiosis and primordial follicle formation during meiotic prophase I, which subsequently causes oocyte loss and mouse infertility. Further, the in vivo CK1α deletion and in vitro CK1α activity inhibition resulted in the defects of DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair, whereas the apoptosis and autophagy were enhanced in the developing ovary. These may contribute to the oocyte loss and infertility in cKO mouse. It is thus concluded that CK1α is an essential factor for mouse oogenesis and folliculogenesis by involving in regulating the processes of oocyte meiosis and DNA DSB repair during meiotic prophase I of oocytes, although the related signaling pathway and the molecular mechanism need to be elucidated further.
Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm for the Design of Resilient OTN over DWDM Networks
Authors: Silva Jose C. , Xavier Andre V. S. , Martins-Filho Joaquim F. , Bastos-Filho Carmelo J. A. , Chaves Daniel A. R. , Oliveira Arysson S. , Almeida Raul C. , Araujo Danilo R. B. , Martins Jose A.
Published: June 2022

The high-quality telecommunications services demand has grown considerably due to the increase in the number of applications on the Internet. Optical networks are the most suitable technology to supply the high transmission rates required. With the expansion of the optical communications market, businesses related to this industry started to attract more innovation investments in this area. Optical Transport Network (OTN) arrived in the communications market bringing economic and operational benefits of virtualization to the optical network. This technology works as a superior layer to the DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) network, allowing more efficient resource use. OTN switching decouples customers from DWDM line interfaces, ensuring that DWDM links work as efficiently as possible, thus avoiding wasted transmission bandwidth. This concept is carried out on a network of OTN switches, allowing traffic to be aggregated at intermediate nodes and directed to routes that are being underutilized. Planning OTN networks over DWDM is a complex problem, as it involves a whole new equipment structure and logical architecture. This problem has arisen due to academia and industry’s interest in developing planning heuristics that reduce the cost of projects. This paper proposes planning OTN networks over DWDM to minimize the cost with line interfaces while meeting resilience requirements. This paper proposes to use a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm to seek a solution that optimizes the project considering conflicting decision variables, the number of used OTN interfaces , and the restoration failure rate. The experiments carried out in this work showed that the proposed solution, when evaluated in several scenarios, obtained better results concerning the number of interfaces allocated compared with previous heuristic algorithms developed with the same objective.
The incidence of bracing treatment on static and dynamic baropodometric parameters in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Pavone Vito , Caldaci Alessia , Mangano Giulia , Maria Fabrizio Di , Panvini Flora Maria Chiara , Sapienza Marco , Vescio Andrea , Roggio Federico , Musumeci Giuseppe , Testa Gianluca
Published: June 2022

BackgroundPostural balance is an important but not well-studied concept in the treatment of adolescent scoliosis.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess whether conservative treatment with Sforzesco bracing induced negative perturbations on postural stability, as related to static, postural, and dynamic baropodometric indicators.MethodsFrom November 2020 to October 2021, 12 subjects (12 females, aged 11 – 16) with moderate AIS, were selected among a group of 97 patients. Inclusion criteria were: 1) confirmed diagnosis of moderate AIS (Cobb angle of 21° to 35° for the primary curve); 2) thoracic or thoracolumbar primary curve; 3) skeletal immaturity with growth cartilage visible on pretreatment radiographs (Risser < 5); 4) chronological age between 11 and 16 years; and 5) Sforzesco bracing treatment. All patients underwent a physical examination and radiological measurements with anteroposterior and lateral scans. Static, postural, and dynamic assessments were performed twice by barefoot patients, with and without Sforzesco bracing. ResultsComparison between demographic, anthropometric, and clinical data considered relevant for the homogeneity of the sample, highlighted the absence of statistically significant differences between patients. We evaluated the point of maximum pressure with and without bracing and found no statistically significant differences (p value = 0.22).In the postural measurements, the latero-lateral oscillations, antero-posterior oscillations, and the average speed of oscillations were evaluated, comparing measurements with and without bracing. There were no statistically significant differences, except for the mean rate of oscillation, which was slightly increased in the recordings with a brace compared to those without a brace, p value = 0.045. The CPEI was also evaluated in both situations, although no statistically significant differences either with and without bracing (p > 0.05) were found.ConclusionsIn this study, we evaluated the effects of the Sforzesco brace on postural balance in a sample of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis, to assess whether conservative treatment would lead to adverse disturbances in postural stability. Our findings show no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in static, postural, and dynamic baropodometric indicators.
Plasma calprotectin as an indicator of need of transfer to intensive care in patients with suspected sepsis at the emergency department
Authors: Parke Åsa , Unge Christian , Yu David , Sundén-Cullberg Jonas , Strålin Kristoffer
Published: June 2022

Background: Deciding whether to transfer patients with sepsis from the emergency department (ED) to intensive care units (ICUs) is challenging. We hypothesised that the new biomarker plasma calprotectin could be used to aid the selection of patients for intensive care transfer, since it has been shown to be a promising tool for the determination of sepsis severity in critical care.Methods: This prospective study was performed on consecutive sepsis alert patients in the ED of Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge. The sepsis alert mandates clinical assessment and decisions regarding treatment, disposition, and level of care by physicians from the ED, the Department of Infectious Diseases, and the ICU. Blood sample analysis for C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, neutrophils, and lymphocytes was routinely performed. P-calprotectin was analysed from frozen plasma samples, using a specific turbidimetric assay.Results: During the study period, the sepsis alert was triggered in 367 patients. Among 335 patients who were considered to have an infection, 66 patients (20%) were immediately transferred to the ICU or high-dependency unit (HDU), and 269 patients (80%) were transferred to ordinary wards. Median p-calprotectin for all patients with infection was 2.2 mg/L (IQR 1.2–3.9 mg/L). Median P-calprotectin was 3.3 (IQR 1.6–5.2) and 2.1 (IQR 1.1–3.5) for patients transferred to ICU/HDU and ward units, respectively (p = 0.0001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for transfer to the ICU/HDU showed superiority for p-calprotectin compared with procalcitonin and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, regarding both all sepsis alert cases and the patients with infection (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). The best p-calprotectin cut-off, 4.0 mg/L, showed a sensitivity of 42% and specificity of 83% for transfer to the ICU/HDU among patients with infection.Conclusions: In sepsis alert patients, p-calprotectin was significantly elevated in patients who were subject to immediate ICU/HDU transfer after assessment by a multidisciplinary team. P-calprotectin was superior to traditional biomarkers in predicting the need for transfer to the ICU/HDU.
Global regulatory factor AaLaeA upregulates the production of antitumor substances in endophytic Alternaria alstroemeria
Authors: Yin Xuemin , Han Long , Zheng Wen , Cai Lu , Qin Min , He Zhangjiang , Kang Jichuan
Published: June 2022

The global regulatory factor LaeA has been shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in various fungi. In a previous work, we isolated an endophytic fungus from Artemisia annua, and its extract had a significant inhibitory effect on the A549 cancer cell line. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS sequences further identified the strain as Alternaria alstroemeria. Overexpression of the global regulatory factor AalaeA gene resulted in significantly increased antitumor activity of this strain’s extract. The 3 - (4, 5- dimethylthiazol − 2 - yl) -2, 5 - diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay results showed that the inhibition rate of the AalaeAOE29 mutant extract on A549 cancer cells was significantly higher than that of the WT extract, as the IC50 decreased from 195.0 µg/mL to 107.4 µg/mL, and the total apoptosis rate was enhanced. Overexpression of the AalaeA gene significantly increased the contents of myricetin, geraniol, ergosterol and 18 other antitumor compounds as determined by metabolomic analysis. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant changes in 95 genes in the mutant strain, including polyketide synthases (PKSs), nonribosomal peptide synthases (NRPSs), cytochrome P450s, glycosyltransferases (GTs), acetyl-CoA acetyltransferases and others. These results suggested that AaLaeA mediated the antitumor activity of the metabolites in A. alstroemeria by regulating multiple metabolic pathways.
Green space accessibility helps buffer declined mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lee Kwan Ok , Mai Ke , Park Souneil
Published: June 2022

Accumulating evidence has highlighted a negative effect of COVID-19 pandemic on public mental health. By using data from 2 million mobile phone users within London over the period of January 2019–December 2020, as well as the multi-wave data from the UK Household Longitudinal Survey (UKHLS), we examined green space accessibility as a potential remedy for such an effect. We found that, after the COVID-19 outbreak and during lockdowns, individuals who live close to the green spaces (i.e., within 800 meters from the nearest green space) were more likely to pay visits to those spaces, and these individuals also experienced a much less mental distress than those who live farther away from green spaces. Our findings provide suggestive evidence that accessibility to green spaces is important to the population’s mental health, especially when their mobility is restricted. Enhancing green space accessibility for more residential neighbourhoods should thus be important to city planners and policymakers as they help citizens become more resilient to a similar future pandemic.
Association of estimated glomerular filtration rate and all-cause mortality in acute pancreatitis: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Gong Fang , Zhou Quan , Gui Chunmei , Huang Shaohua
Published: June 2022

Background: Our primary objective was to explore the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and all-cause mortality in acute pancreatitis (AP) admission to intensive care units .Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort analysis based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database. The eGFR was calculated based on Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. Cox models with restricted cubic spline functions were used to evaluated the association of eGFR with all-cause mortality.Results:The mean eGFR was 65.93±38.56 ml/min/1.73 m2 in 493 eligible patients. 28-day mortality was 11.97% (59/ 493) , which decreased by 15% with every 10 ml/min/1.73 m2 increase in eGFR. The adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) was 0.85 (0.76-0.96). A non-linear association was proved between eGFR and all-cause mortality. When eGFR < 57 ml/min/1.73 m2, there was a negative correlation between eGFR and 28-day mortality, hazard ratio (95% CI) was 0.97 (0.95, 0.99). The eGFR was also negatively correlated with in-hospital and in-ICU mortality. Subgroup analysis confirmed that the association between eGFR and 28-day mortality in different characteristics was stable. Conclusions: The eGFR was negatively correlated with all-cause mortality in AP when eGFR is less than the threshold inflection point.
Geographic information system-based comparison of the accessibility of primary public dental care for children in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aqeeli Amal , Alsharif Alla T. , Kruger Estie , Tennant Marc
Published: June 2022

Objective: To examine the geographic distribution and accessibility of primary public dental services (PPDS) for the child population in Al Madinah in comparison with that in Jeddah in Saudi Arabia (SA). Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to conduct this descriptive study in two of the main cities in the western region of SA: Al Madinah and Jeddah. PPDS locations were mapped using geographic information system (GIS) and associated with child population data of 0- to 17-year-olds, within buffers of 1,2.5, and 5 km around each PPDS location. Results: An uneven distribution of dental services was found, with services concentrated in certain districts (with high density populations) in both cities and other districts with far fewer or no dental services. The proportion of children who lived within 1 km of a dental service was 53% in Al Madinah and 22 % in Jeddah. Most children lived within 5 km of public health centres in both cities. Conclusion: In both cities, acceptable access to dental services for children was found on the basis of the data and variables analysed in this study. However, further analysis is recommended.
Synthesis of Orange-Red Emissive Au-SG and AuAg-SG Nanoclusters and Their Turn-OFF vs. Turn-ON Metal Ion Sensing
Authors: Bowmik Sagar , Paria Shashikana , Tater Ishika , Maity Prasenjit
Published: June 2022

Synthesis of luminescent metal cluster for selective sensing of specific analyte with detail mechanistic understanding is very important for real world applications as well as for developing new emissive materials. In the present work, we have synthesized L-glutathione stabilized gold (Au-SG) and gold-silver bimetallic (AuAg-SG) clusters under identical experimental conditions with orange red emissive characteristics for both. Detail photo physical analysis reveals that both clusters are phosphorescent in nature with moderate quantum yield of 7% and 19% for Au-SG and AuAg-SG respectively and their excited state lifetime values are in the range of 1–2 µs. While Au-SG cluster showed luminescence quenching response (turn-off) in presence of Fe3+ and Hg2+ ions, AuAg-SG cluster showed turn-off response for Cu2+, Fe3+ and Hg2+, but luminescent enhancement (turn-on) response for Cd2+ ions. The highest detection limit obtained for Cu2+ ion by AuAg-SG cluster is 20 nM while for Cd2+ ion it is 75 nM. From TCSPC and DLS measurements we postulated that except Cd2+, all other metal ions cause aggregation of clusters through ligation with SG ligands while Cd2+ ion does not induce any cluster aggregation but binds to cluster surface atoms. The near constant life time values of both clusters during gradual addition of respective metal ions confirms static quenching/enhancement process through formation of stable ground state adducts.
Nutritional Status and Feeding Behavior Problems of Turkish Children with Special Learning Disabilities
Authors: İnan Cansu Memiç , Özçelik Ayşe Özfer
Published: June 2022

Background: The most common feeding behavior problems in childhood are refusal to eat, eating too little, choosing food, and inappropriate behavior at mealtimes, and they are more common in children with neurodevelopmental disorders than in children with normal development. Specific Learning Disability (SLD), one of the neurodevelopmental disorders, is defined as educational skills being below what is expected according to chronological age and intelligence level. In this cross-sectional study aims to determine the nutritional behavior problems and nutritional status of children with specific learning difficulties.Method: Sociodemographic informations, anthropometric measurements and food consumption records of 76 children (38 boys and 38 girls) diagnosed with SLD were obtained by face-to-face interviews and applying a questionnaire. The Behavioral Pediatrics Feeding Assessment Scale was used to determine the feeding behavior problems of children.Results: The mean age of the children was 9.67±0.19 years. According to the BMI-Z score classification, 2.6% of the children were underweight, 17.1% were overweight and 14.5% were obese. Feeding behavior problems were found in 39.5% of the children. The dietary protein intake of children with feeding behavior problems was found to be significantly lower than those without (p<0.05). A negative and significant correlation was found between feeding behavior problems and body weight (r=-0.406), BMI (r=-0.423), TMI (r=-0.404), MUAC (r=-0.540), TSFT (r=-0.395) and waist circumference (r=-0.337) (p<0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, it was determined that feeding behavior problems are common in children diagnosed with SLD. Childhood eating behavior problems are likely to persist into young adulthood and may have adverse effects on overall health. Therefore, the nutritional status of children with SLD should be evaluated with appropriate screening tests.
Anthropogenic signature of global agricultural soil phosphorus
Authors: Demay Joséphine , Ringeval Bruno , Pellerin Sylvain , Nesme Thomas
Published: June 2022

The global phosphorus (P) cycle has been dramatically altered by human activities through the use of mineral P fertilizers, often referred to anthropogenic P. The application of mineral P fertilizers on agricultural soils has driven the planet beyond its safe operating space but the extent to which the global P cycle relies on anthropogenic P has never been quantified. To fill this gap, we developed a model that simulates, at the country scale, the evolution of agricultural soil available P by distinguishing anthropogenic vs. natural P pools, and by accounting for farming practices, crop-livestock recycling loop, and agricultural trade, over the 1950-2017 period. At the global scale we found that the anthropogenic signature of soil available P was 45% ± 8% in 2017. The national anthropogenic signatures varied according to the cumulative mineral P fertilizer use as well as to the soil P availability in 1950. Despite having different historical trajectories, Western Europe, North America and Asia displayed similar reliance on anthropogenic P, close to 60% in 2017. Conversely, African soil anthropogenic signature remained around 30%. Trade did not modify the simulated signatures. Overall, our results unravel the strong reliance of our soil fertility and food production systems on anthropogenic P resources.
Fabrication of amine cross-linked magnetic biopolymer adsorbent for the removal of a cationic dye and its isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamic study
Authors: Rhaman Md. Masudur , Islam Md. Din , Karim Md. Rezaul , Ahmed Yunus , Hyder M. K. Mohammad Ziaul
Published: June 2022

A novel amine cross-linked magnetic biopolymer based on jute stick powder (AMB-JSP) was fabricated by in situ chemical co-precipitation method. The adsorbent AMB-JSP was applied to remove methylene blue (MeB) from aqueous solution. The adsorption efficiency of fresh jute sticks powder (JSP) and magnetic jute stick powder (MB-JSP) were also taken in consideration to build up a comparison study with the novel AMB-JSP adsorbent. The maximum MeB removals with AMB-JSP were observed as 85.71% at pH 8.0. Freundlich isotherm was best fitted for AMB-JSP while the Langmuir adsorption isotherm was suited for JSP and MB-JSP. The maximum MeB uptake for JSP, MB-JSP and AMB-JSP were found to be 157.23, 169.45 and 181.49 mgg− 1, respectively. The agitation times to reach equilibrium were found to be 160, 120 and 40 min for JSP, MB-JSP and AMB-JSP, respectively at temperature 303.15 K. The interparticle diffusion kinetics showed the best result for JSP, MB-JSP and AMB-JSP. In addition thermodynamic study indicated that the adsorption procedure was endothermic in nature and thus spontaneous. This study reveals that AMB-JSP could be applied as a potential magnetic bioadsorbent for the removal of MeB dye from an aqueous solution.
Filon-Clenshaw-Curtis Quadrature with Automatic Tone Removal
Authors: Milovich David
Published: June 2022

Note: Please see pdf for full abstract with equations. We present an adaptive method of computing finite Fourier integrals (eq) for smooth f and smooth nonzero g, intended for the case where g is highly and irregularly oscillatory, but f, |g|, and (arg(g))' are not highly oscillatory. Our method easily extends to real-valued integrals (eq) where h is smooth, with the intention that h is not highly oscillatory but cos h is. We do not require any special information about f or g, just the ability to evaluate f, g, and g' at arbitrary points. Our basic step per subinterval is to integrate (eq) where m is the slope of arg(g) at the subinterval center and h(x) is a Chebyshev polynomial interpolation of f(x)g(x)e-imx. Thus, a tone is factored out to improve Chebyshev interpolation accuracy. We also investigate a second-order extension in which a chirp is factored out. An implementation of this paper's algorithms in the Julia programming language is publicly available.
Machine Learning based Power Efficient Optimized Communication Ensemble Model with Intelligent Fog Computing for WSNs
Authors: jain abhishek , Bhardwaj Amit Kumar
Published: June 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Implementation Gaps and Moral Distress in Culturally Responsive Care for Refugee and Migrant Maternal Health Services in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Olcoń Katarzyna , Rambaldini-Gooding Delia , Degeling Chris
Published: June 2022

Background
Refugee and migrant women are at higher risk of childbirth complications and generally poorer pregnancy outcomes. They also report lower satisfaction with pregnancy care because of language barriers, perceived negative attitudes among service providers, and a lack of understanding of refugee and migrant women’s needs. This study juxtaposes health policy expectations in New South Wales (NSW), Australia on pregnancy and maternity care and cultural responsiveness and the experiences of maternal healthcare providers in their day-to-day work with refugee and migrant women.
Methods
This study used a qualitative framework method. Sixteen maternal health service providers who work with refugee and migrant women were recruited from two local health districts in New South Wales, Australia and interviewed (November 2019 to August 2020) about their experiences and the challenges they faced. In addition, a systematic search was conducted for policy documents related to the provision of maternal health care to refugee and migrant women on a state and federal level. Five policies were included in the analysis. The framework method matrix allowed for a comparison of providers’ experiences with the policy expectations.
Results
Framework analysis revealed structural barriers to culturally responsive service provision and the differential impacts of implementation gaps that impede appropriate care resulting in moral distress. Rather than being the programmatic outcome of well-resourced policies, the enactment of cultural responsiveness in the settings studied relied primarily on the intuitions and personal responses of individual service providers such as nurses and social workers.
Conclusion
Authentic culturally responsive care requires healthcare organisations to do more than provide staff training. To better promote service user and staff satisfaction and wellbeing, organisations need to embed structures to respond to the needs of refugee and migrant communities in the maternal health sector and beyond.
Development of p-y Curve Model for Sand Using Finite Element Analysis of Laterally Loaded Piles
Authors: Amirmojahedi Mohsen , Abu-Farsakh Murad , Voyiadjis George , Souri Ahmad
Published: June 2022

In this study, a 3-D finite element (FE) analysis was used for estimating the lateral capacity of piles driven in sand soils. The effects of different properties of the sand on the p-y curves were studied. Using the results of FE analysis, a model for predicting p-y curves for sandy soils was developed based on the pile shape, which is a combination of tangent hyperbolic and power functions. The results of the developed model were used to demonstrate its applicability in obtaining the p-y curves for the piles driven in sand soils having increase in modulus of elasticity with depth, in sand layers with different modulus of elasticity and unit weight, and at different overburden pressures. The results of the developed model were compared to the results of full-scale pile load test that was conducted at Mustang Island, which demonstrates the ability of the model for predicting the p-y curves and lateral behavior of piles in sandy soils with good accuracy. The results of this study showed that there is little reliability on the results obtained from Reese model, which is the most common method for obtaining lateral behavior of the piles. To consider uncertainties in soil properties due to pile installation, ranges of 0.5 to 1.0 and 1.0 to 2.0 for the value of K in the developed model were proposed for non-displacement and displacement piles, respectively.
First publication of endemic channels as part of a pediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship Program: when to turn on the alarms? Recommendations of a pediatric ASP program
Authors: Londoño-Ruiz Juan Pablo , Gutierrez-Tobar Ivan Felipe , Bermúdez-Bohórquez Naddya Lheidy , Rodriguez-Hernandez Andrea Esperanza
Published: June 2022

Background: Pediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASP) consider DOT a fundamental measure to quantify the impact of ASP. Novel strategies have been described, but no endemic channels (EC) have been reported to compare antibiotic use within historical patterns. This report describes the process of constructing an EC and analyzing its interpretation.Methods: This was a descriptive study of the construction, implementation, and analysis of EC. The median and quartile method, as well as the geometric mean (GM) and confidence interval (CI) methods using DOT for the last 4 years were used. ECs have also been elaborated on in critical services (PICU).Results: GM and CI method was more sensitive in identifying changes in antimicrobial use. Ceftriaxone increased its use starting in December 2021, reaching the warning zone in March 2022 in relation to increased cases of bacterial and complicated pneumonia. Piperacillin–tazobactam showed an important increase in PICU during the first 8 months of 2021, reaching the alert zone until August 2021; thereafter, its use decreased, and this variation was related to a modification in the presentation of complicated appendicitis during the COVID 19 pandemic restrictions. The use of ampicillin-sulbactam has increased since January 2022 because of a change in local guidelines regarding its use in appendicitis and peritonitis. The changes identified in each EC allowed ASP to take different conducts.Conclusion: EC allowed us to construct a new tool to measure ASP impact, internal comparison of antibiotic use facilitated taking timely interventions. EC could be useful for all pediatric and adult ASP.
Early embryonic development of Johnston´s Organ in the antenna of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria
Authors: Boyan George , Ehrhardt Erica
Published: June 2022

Johnston´s organ has been shown to act as an antennal auditory organ across a spectrum of insect species. In the hemimetabolous desert locust Schistocerca gregaria, Johnston´s organ must be functional on hatching and so develops in the pedicellar segment of the antenna during embryogenesis. Here we employ the epithelial cell marker Lachesin to identify the pedicellar domain of the early embryonic antenna, and then triple-label against Lachesin, the mitosis marker phosphohistone-3, and neuron-specific horseradish peroxidase to reveal the sense-organ precursors for Johnston´s organ and their lineages. Beginning with a single progenitor at approximately a third of embryogenesis, additional precursors subsequently appear in both the ventral and dorsal pedicellar domains, each generating a lineage or clone. Lineage locations are remarkably conserved across preparations and ages, consistent with the epithelium possessing an underlying topographic coordinate system which determines the cellular organization of Johnston´s organ. By mid-embryogenesis twelve lineages are arranged circumferentially in the pedicel as in the adult structure. Each sense-organ precursor is associated with a smaller mitotically active cell from which the neuronal complement of each clone may derive. Neuron numbers within a clone increase in discrete steps with age, are invariant between clones and across preparations of a given age. At mid-embryogenesis each clone comprises five cells consolidated into a tightly bound cartridge. A long scolopale extends apically from each cartridge to an insertion point in the epithelium, and bundled axons project basally towards the brain. We review data from Drosophila to suggest mechanisms which might regulate the developmental program of Johnston´s organ in the locust.
Three Dimensional Evaluation of Changes in Mandibular Condyle Position After Orthognathic Surgery
Authors: Küçükçakır Osman , Cansız Erol , Yey Zeynep , Öztürk Merve
Published: June 2022

Background: This study aims to examine the changes in both mandibular condyle positions before and after surgery to evaluate manual temporomandibular joint (TMJ) positioning procedure after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy in adult patients diagnosed with mandibular prognathism and compare them with the studies in the literature.Methods: Patients diagnosed with mandibular prognathism, including bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) procedures, in addition to their orthodontic treatment, were examined. The study including the examination of 88 right and left mandibular condyles of 44 patients, 24 male and 20 female. This study focused on comparing retrospectively obtained cone-beam computed tomography data of patients for 1-2 weeks before surgery (T0) and a mean of six months postoperatively (T1). DICOM formats of cone-beam computed tomography data were analyzed in the 3D Slicer software program, considering the references of Choi et al.. The examination was made separately in the axial, sagittal and coronal planes. IBM® SPSS® Statistics was used for statistical analysis. After testing the homogeneity of variance and normality, the dependent sample t-test was applied at a 95% significance level.Results: The left mandibular condyle head rotated inward in the axial plane, but the change in the right condyle head was not statistically significant. In the sagittal plane, there was no significant change of both mandibular condyle heads. In the coronal plane, the right mandibular condyle head showed outward rotation, but the change in the left condyle head was not statistically significant. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in the distance between the most medial points of the mandibular condyle heads in the coronal plane.Conclusions: The sagittal plane’s changes of the condyles can be maintained as before the surgery with manual positioning in bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy procedures. Inward and outward rotations seen in the axial and coronal planes are also consistent with the literature review. Stress occurring between the segments in the fixation process, operator positions during the operation, the direction and amount of the force applied for fixation, and contacts or gaps between the proximal and distal segments may be caused.
Deep Gaussian Convolutional Neural Network Model in Classification of Cassava Diseases using Spectral Data
Authors: Ahishakiye Emmanuel , Mwangi Waweru , Muthoni Petronilla , Fredrick Kanobe , Owomugisha Godliver , Danison Taremwa , Nkalubo Leonard
Published: June 2022

Early disease identification in crops is critical for food security, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. To identify cassava diseases, professionals visually score the plants by looking for disease indicators on the leaves which is notoriously subjective. Automating the detection and classification of crop diseases could help professionals diagnose diseases more accurately and allow farmers in remote locations to monitor their crops without the help of specialists. Machine learning algorithms have been used in the early detection and classification of crop diseases. However, traditional machine learning algorithms are not calibrated even though they have high accuracy. The ability to provide well-calibrated posterior distributions is one of the most appealing properties of Gaussian processes. Motivated by the current developments in the field of Gaussian Processes, this study proposed a deep Gaussian convolutional neural network model (DGCNN) for the detection and classification of cassava diseases using spectral data. The proposed model uses a hybrid kernel function that is the product of a rational quadratic kernel and a squared exponential kernel. Experimental results revealed that our proposed hybrid kernel function performed better in terms of accuracy of 90.10% when compared to both the squared exponential kernel with an accuracy of 88.01% and the rational quadratic kernel with an accuracy of 88.52%. In our future work, we propose to integrate the Optimised model proposed in this study with the transfer learning approach, a move that may help to improve the model performance.
A Preliminary Study of Apomictic Characteristics of ‘Mianli’ (Pyrus sinkiangensis Yü)
Authors: Li Chunlan , Xu Panyun , Zhou Aote , Song Jinlong , Wu Yuxia , He Tianming
Published: June 2022

This study investigated the ploidy of ‘Mianli’ with flow cytometry and the traditional chromosome squash technique. Its pollination biology and the occurrence and formation of embryo sacs before and after flowering were observed in paraffin sections to characterize its embryo sacs. The intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) marker technique was used to test the uniformity of progeny of ‘Mianli’ treatments. The chromosome number of ‘Mianli’ is 2n = 2x = 34. The ploidy results were consistent with those identified by flow cytometry. ‘Mianli’ is male-sterile, and the anatropous ovule has double integuments. ‘Mianli’ can bear fruit normally and produce fertile seeds under the treatments of emasculation with bagging or no emasculation with bagging, but the seed yield is very low and significantly lower than that under artificial pollination or natural pollination. The developmental process of embryo sacs under natural pollination showed that most megasporocytes develop into mature sexual embryo sacs through meiosis and a few megasporocytes degenerate. Some sexual embryo sacs continue to develop into embryos after fertilization, and some sexual embryo sacs are aborted. In addition, new aposporous initial cells are generated irregularly at each stage from the emergence of megasporocyte to the end of sexual reproduction or abortion. The observation of the development of embryo sacs under emasculation with bagging showed that after pollination is blocked, mature sexual embryo sacs degenerate, and aposporous mononucleate embryo sacs appear around the degenerated sexual embryo sacs or in the peripheral tissues. Then, the process of proembryonic masses developing into spherical embryo was observed. A genetic uniformity analysis of progeny of ‘Mianli’ using ISSR was performed. The results showed that the progeny population under emasculation with bagging has high consistency at the molecular level, with some plants having full consistency with the female parent’s banding pattern, demonstrating consistency with the maternal genetic characteristics. The progeny under artificial pollination or natural pollination do not have the same banding pattern as the female parent. Because there is no pseudogamy, all of the progeny are true hybrids. In summary, it seems that ‘Mianli’ only has sexual reproduction in the presence of pollen, and only a few ovules are stimulated to undergo apomixis after pollination is blocked.
Commercial Urban Agriculture in Florida: Needs, Opportunities, and Barriers
Authors: Campbell Catherine G. , Ruiz-Menjivar Jorge , DeLong Alia
Published: June 2022

Florida, like much of the southeastern United States, is rapidly urbanizing. With this urbanization, there is an increasing interest in commercial urban agriculture (CUA) as an important sector for agriculture in the state. The U.S. Department of Agriculture Census of Agriculture does not report data about CUA operations, thus limiting the knowledge about the status of CUA operations regarding basic features such as farm size, operator demographics, production systems, sources of revenue, barriers to business operations and profitability, and future opportunities for development. Because previous research has found differences in urban farmers’ demographics and their perceptions of barriers and opportunities, the purpose of this research was to characterize CUA operations in Florida and to understand the urban farmers’ perceptions of the primary needs, barriers, and opportunities for developing CUA, as well as CUA operators’ informational needs and preferred informational formats. We performed a cluster analysis to identify salient groups of urban growers in Florida to identify subgroups based on shared characteristics that revealed three distinct groups of urban farmers with differing perceptions of barriers, opportunities, informational needs, and preferred informational formats.
Moderating Effect of Perceived Remaining Time in the Relationship between Job Demands and Job Stress
Authors: Luthfia Putri Rizki  , Debora Eflina Purba
Published: June 2022

This study aims to investigate the moderating effect of perceived remaining time on the relationship between job demands and job stress. Using the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory to explain the moderation effect, we argue that the relationship between job demands and job stress is weakened by perceived remaining time. Data were collected using online survey on public sector employees from 32 government institutions in Indonesia (N = 220). Data were analysed using Hayes’ PROCESS macro on SPSS software. Results showed that perceived remaining time moderated the relationship between job demands and job stress, such that the relationship was positive and higher when perceived remaining time was low than when perceived remaining time was high. Theoretical and practical implications are further discussed.
Corporate Website Job Recruitment Platform: A Moderated Mediation Model of Organisational Image
Authors: David Yoon Kin Tong  , Xue Fa Tong  , Shiwen Luo
Published: June 2022

Corporate companies’ websites recruitment in advanced countries is well established. However, lesser is known about the Malaysian students and employed jobseekers’ intention to apply for jobs on the corporate companies’ websites. Therefore, this study aims to assess the subjective perceptions of these two groups’ intentions to apply for jobs on the websites. This study also aims to analyse the mediating effect of organisational image on perceived person-job fit (P-J fit) and perceived website usability (PWSU) which may be moderated by these two groups of jobseekers’ intentions. The conceptual model was first analysed using two-level confirmatory factor analysis. Adopting Hayes’ Model 7 template, AMOS software was used to differentiate the two groups’ perceptions. The results indicate that the perceived P-J fit and PWSU are the main factors influencing jobseekers’ intentions to apply for jobs on corporate websites. The moderated mediation technique has identified an indirect effect between perceived P-J fit and the intention to apply for jobs indicating the importance of established organisational image that it arouses applicants’ pursuit intention. Thus, the corporate human resource managers need to ensure the sites are designed for easy navigation and job advertisements that contain updated job information and realistic job preview. Using this platform, companies can reduce costs and time for the recruitment of talents. This study provides the subjective perceptions of jobseekers’ intention study and it contributes to the first component of Planning Theory of Intention. Lastly, this research also contributed to an alternate research method of analysing the moderated mediation using AMOS.
Greenhouse gas emissions and their relationship with hydropower generation in a tropical reservoir in Colombia
Authors: Usuga Fabian A. , Rodriguez Diana C. , Peñuela Gustavo A.
Published: June 2022

Studies of emissions of greenhouse gas (GHG) such as CO2 and CH4 in hydroelectric reservoirs are very important in the debate on whether hydropower can be classified as a ‘clean energy’ source. In this study, GHG emissions in the Topocoro reservoir in Colombia during the first five years after filling were evaluated and related with hydropower generation. The floating static chamber and inverted funnel methodology were used for the collection of GHG and the gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (FID) – methanizer and electron capture detector (ECD) methodology for its detection in the laboratory. The results showed emission values between 256,613 and 654,643 tCO2eq/year. The intensity of gases was also determined in a range between 81 and 148 gCO2eq/kWh, depending on the evolution of the filling and the power generation in the reservoir. The results suggested that as the filling percentage of the surface of the reservoir increases, there will be more GHG emissions, due to the biotic and abiotic decomposition of organic matter. At the same time, higher energy production will be generated.