bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Task Forces as Silver Bullets for Crisis Management
Authors: Schärrer Laura , Wegmann Reto M.
Published: March 2021

In 2020, the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) triggered a global health crisis, disrupting economies, societies, and private companies. Organizations faced urgent challenges, and most of them installed so called “task forces” to respond. Small or medium enterprises (SMEs), which play a major role in most economies, however, often encounter problems of limited resources to do so. The purpose of this chapter is to derive theoretical and practical implications on how such crises can be handled. A literature review identifies the characteristics of successful task forces and then validates them with a case study of a Swiss transport company during COVID-19, which is based on multiple interviews with the CEO between Spring 2020 and in Fall 2020. The findings include that task forces are crucial for SMEs despite their limited resources. A critical success factor is the quality of human resources, which demands careful selection. Concepts used in crisis management can also be applied in day-to-day operations to increase the organization's resilience and also general profitability.
Strategies for Social and Educational Inclusion in Visually Impaired People
Authors: Narvaez Miguel Angel Brand , Gómez Miguel A. Mora , Jaramillo. Brayan A. Tabares , Ospina Alejandro A. Osorio , Arrechea Juan David Hurtado
Published: March 2021

The chapter focuses on the development of tools containing the basics of Braille and methods that help the people to manage this type of language to enhance the strength of collective thinking in educational statements, taking into account key background; this is why the development of tools containing the basic aspects of the Braille system and the necessary methods to enable the subject to master this type of language, enhancing the strength of collective thinking at the educational level, are so important. However, one of the main challenges in learning Braille is to engage the individual in literacy processes, which is why the creation of learning cards is proposed, to enable people to learn Braille.
School-Based Rehabilitation Services in India
Authors: Jacob Thomas , Kumar Aneesh
Published: March 2021

The chapter focuses on significant aspects of counselling students with special needs. This chapter emphasizes continuing life adjustment through the lens of a person-centred approach. The chapter familiarises counsellors with ways to create an environment/climate for the learners in school for them to develop to the fullest and learn to cope with life. The focus of the chapter lies in a school-based rehabilitation model. Additionally, the chapter provides a three-tier model of different interventions for use in school settings.
Personalizing Learning Targets With Technology-Based Assessment
Authors: Menard Lauren
Published: March 2021

There is tension between standardization and individualization in education today. Instructional fidelity to a challenging grade-level curriculum is the expectation of current pedagogy. Federal U.S. initiatives mandate assessing the academic growth of all students with common assessments aligned with challenging content standards. The growing number of students who vary as learners in today's classrooms holds implication for instruction and assessment. Personalizing learning targets promotes an equitable measure of student growth. Appropriate instructional goals develop grade-level curricular skills that are selected based on student performance data and are personalized with individualized baselines and proficiency targets. Technology facilitates data-driven instruction through the efficient development and progress monitoring of personalized learning goals. In this chapter, a technology-based model for personalizing standards-based learning targets, developing SMART goals, and monitoring progress is presented.
Autism and Parenting in Different Cultures
Authors: Akgul Esra Macaroglu
Published: March 2021

Culture is very determinative in both the research and treatment of autism. More specifically, when parents become aware that their child is different, when the child begins special education, the developmental problems of the child and how the parents cope with the problems they encounter due to the child being different from their peers may depend on the cultural context of the place where the family lives. This chapter aims to analyze the effects of culture on children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their parents. With this purpose, how communication with the parents of children with autism changes within culture will be discussed. This chapter also analyzes the research in the literature on autism and cultural issues and how it informs us about communication with the families of special needs children.
Institutional Ownership Board Characteristics and Firm Performance
Authors: Waheed Abdul , Malik Qaisar Ali
Published: March 2021

This research study attempts to investigate the moderating role of financial institutions with corporate governance and firm performance variables in the light of a purposely developed contingent theoretical framework. The current study analyzed an unbalanced panel of 287 non-financial sector firms listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) from 2005 to 2015 by using the technique Arellano-Bond dynamic panel-data estimation under assumptions of generalized methods of moments (GMM). The contingency framework proposed in this study confirmed the moderating role of financial institutions in corporate governance and performance variables. Empirical evidence revealed that higher level of institutional ownership in firm's ownership structure although discourages the large size board but encourages higher ratio of independent directors in the governing body. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the current study provides a deeper understanding regarding the role of financial institutions in corporate governance and performance mechanism particularly in the context of Pakistani emerging economy.
Effect of Job Fulfillment Over Employee Performance Execution at the Workplace
Authors: Pandey Tweena , Chauhan Abhshek Singh
Published: March 2021

Workplace performance is an outcome of workplace satisfaction. It is essential to comprehend how workers can be held through making their job-related needs fulfilled to let them spurred towards delivering an exemplary performance in turn. As the work competitiveness relies upon the worker job fulfillment at the workplace, it contributes allot to their career growth too. It improves their work efficiency as well as builds the worker's nature of work. Target and accomplishment relies on upon job fulfillment and thus contribute for hierarchical achievement and development, improves the efficiency, and builds the nature of work. The terms satisfaction and fulfillment can be used interchangeably. Various job satisfaction factors when clubbed together help in securing the employee's ultimate job fulfillment. This study is an attempt to relate the term job-fulfillment with job-satisfaction, reveal the various demographic factors that are associated with the job-fulfillment, and identify its actual impact over employee performance execution at the workplace.
Typology of Online Reviewers Based on Their Motives for Writing Online Reviews
Authors: Tata Sai Vijay , Prashar Sanjeev , Parsad Chandan
Published: March 2021

Literature on online reviews has largely deliberated on factors that influence shoppers' behaviour. Few studies have examined the reasons that motivate shoppers to write online reviews and not much attention has been given to understand the differences among shoppers who provide online reviews. Despite the exponential growth of e-commerce and that of the impact of online reviews, very little is known about the segments of review providers. This paper addresses the gap by developing and profiling shoppers based on their motivations to write online reviews. The objective is to identify profiles of shoppers who intend to write online reviews based on the factors identified as important in the process of writing reviews. Cluster analysis was used to profile the customers in various segments. The findings indicated three distinct segments. The results of this research are pertinent to online and offline retailers to comprehend shoppers' motivations to write online reviews, which would help them to develop marketing strategies as per the profile of each segment.
Content-Based Medical Image Retrieval Using Delaunay Triangulation Segmentation Technique
Authors: Kugunavar Sneha , Prabhakar C. J.
Published: March 2021

This article presents a novel technique for retrieval of lung images from the collection of medical CT images. The proposed content-based medical image retrieval (CBMIR) technique uses an automated image segmentation technique called Delaunay triangulation (DT) in order to segment lung organ (region of interest) from the original medical image. The proposed method extracts novel and discriminant features from the segmented lung region instead of extracting novel features from the whole original image. For the extraction of shape features, the authors employ edge histogram descriptor (EHD) and geometric moments (GM), and for the extraction of texture features, the authors use gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) technique. The shape and texture features are combined to form the hybrid feature which is used for retrieval of similar lung images. The proposed method is evaluated using two benchmark datasets of lung CT images. The simulation results prove that the proposed CBMIR framework shows improved performance in terms of retrieval accuracy and retrieval time.
Neuromuscular diseases and Covid-19: Advices from scientific societies and early observations in Italy
Authors: Angelini Corrado , Siciliano Gabriele
Published: March 2021

The risk of a severe course of COVID-19 is increased in patients suffering with Neuromuscular disorders (NMD) due to the following comorbidities: muscular weakness of the chest and diaphragm, use of ventilator supports and/or presence of tracheostoma, weak airway clearance, cardiac involvement, rhabdomyolysis, comoribities, steroid and immunosuppressant treatments. NMD display varying levels of disability in people with the same diagnosis, thus it is difficult to give COVID-19 related general recommendations. Present advicess were designed for patients, caregivers, general neurologists and non-specialist medical providers. They address frequently asked questions and basic service requirements and are supported by a series of in-depth references. In this truly unprecedented situation, the clinical management of neuromuscular patients during the COVID-19 epidemics - taking into account the related difficulties (patients who have suspended ERT, difficulty in contacting the doctors, etc.) - we propose to use a telemedicine device, i.e. the AIGkit application (AIGkit app), promoted and developed in 2018 by Fabrizio Seidita on behalf of the Italian Glycogenosis Association (AIG). The app was born to allow patients with Pompe disease to receive as far as possible continuous monitoring of their health. The support of all colleagues of the Italian Association for Myology (AIM) should extend its use to all NMD patients and beyond.
Perceived fatigue, lower limb muscle force and performance fatigability after a rehabilitation program in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Tramonti Caterina , Di Martino Siria , Fogia Angela , Chisari Carmelo
Published: March 2021

Muscle weakness and fatigue represent frequent disabling symptoms for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. We evaluated the effects of an intensive task-oriented circuit training (TOCT) on perceived fatigue, muscle strength and changes in motor performance fatigability in mildly impaired MS patients. Fifteen MS patients performed different functional scales, self-reported questionnaires and instrumental evaluations before (T0) and after (T1) TOCT. Strength and performance fatigability were analyzed during isometric knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion through an isokinetic dinamometer, recording surface EMG signals of Vastus Medialis and Tibialis Anterior. The Dinamic Gait Index, Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale-29, Modified Fatigue Impact Scale and Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale–12 significantly improved after training. An increase of exerted force during isometric knee extension was observed, whereas no significant changes were revealed on mechanical and electrical fatigue. Moreover, the improvement in perceived disability after treatment was related to strength increase in knee mechanical force output. The TOCT positively modifies perceived fatigue, perceived ambulatory function and knee force output in mildly impaired MS subjects, suggesting a virtuous circle between strength levels, recovery of functional skills and improved quality of life.
A novel two-port single-site laparoscopic pyloromyotomy for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
Authors: Lu Chaoxiang , Li Zhongwen , Xie Weike , Wang Qi , Pan Yongkang
Published: March 2021

Objective:

The objective of the study is to explore a less invasive laparoscopic pyloromyotomy for treating infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.

Patients and Methods:

A series of 154 cases from January 2014 to January 2020 were retrospectively analysed. Seventy patients were treated with the method of transumbilical single-site laparoscopic pyloromyotomy (SSLP), and 84 patients were treated with two-site laparoscopic pyloromyotomy. There was no difference in the body weight, sex ratio or age between the two groups. The operation time, blood loss, post-operative feeding time and complications between the two groups were compared.

Results:

The novel single-site method had better cosmetic effect than the two-site approach. There was no difference in the operation time, blood loss, post-operative feeding time or complications between the two groups.

Conclusion:

The novel SSLP method requires only two incisions through the umbilicus to complete the procedure, with barely visible scars and similar surgical complications to that of the two-site approach; thus, the novel method is worth promoting.
A comparison of paravertebral block, erector spinae plane block and the combination of erector spinae plane block and paravertebral block for post-operative analgesia after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery
Authors: Fu Ze , Zhang Yi , Zhou Yongjian , Li Zhe , Wang Kexin , Li Hongqing , Jiang Wenwen , Liu Zimeng , Cao Xuezhao
Published: March 2021

Background:

This study was to determine the analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and paravertebral block (PVB) as well as the combination of PVB and ESPB (P + E) after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).

Patients and Methods:

Patients were randomly assigned to receive ESPB, PVB or PVB combined with ESPB with 0.5% ropivacaine (20 ml). The primary outcomes were cumulative hydromorphone consumption and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores at rest and while coughing at 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h postoperatively. The secondary outcomes were effective PCA usage count and rescue analgesia requirement at the same time points.

Results:

The median (interquartile range) hydromorphone consumption, including converted oxycodone, was significantly different at 48 h postoperatively among the three groups (ESPB, 10.24 [9.53–11.71] mg; PVB, 9.94 [9.19–10.75] mg; P + E, 9.44 [8.96–9.97] mg; P = 0.011). Hydromorphone consumption in P + E group was lower compared with that in ESPB group at 12 h, 24 h and 48 h (P < 0.001, P = 0.004 and P = 0.003, respectively). VAS scores at rest were significantly higher for ESPB group compared to P + E group at 0 h postoperatively (P = 0.009). VAS scores while coughing were significantly higher for ESPB group compared to P + E group at 0 h and 12 h postoperatively (P = 0.015 and P < 0.001) and to the PVB group at 12 h postoperatively (P = 0.002). The effective PCA usage count in P + E group was lower than in ESPB group in 0–12 h (P < 0.001). More patients needed rescue analgesia in ESPB group compared to those in P + E group in 0–12 h, 0–24 h and 0–48 h (P = 0.022, 0.035 and 0.035, respectively).

Conclusions:

Ultrasound-guided PVB combined with ESPB provided superior analgesia to ESPB for VATS. The combination of PVB and ESPB had a similar analgesic effect compared with PVB alone.
Computed tomographic pattern of intracerebral calcifications in a radiology center in Benghazi, Libya
Authors: Daghman Anas , Bennour Anwaar
Published: March 2021

Background: Intracranial calcification (ICC) is frequently seen in noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) in both adult and pediatric populations. Aim: We performed this study in order to illustrate and provide data regarding the CT pattern of ICC among adult patients. Setting and Design: This was a retrospective study of patients who underwent nonenhanced CT of the brain in the radiology center in Benghazi, Libya. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent NCCT of the head at a radiology center in Benghazi, Libya, from the period of May to December 2017. NCCT scan head was performed with a standardized protocol, using axial and bone window images as well as Hounsfield unit measurement for final evaluation. CT aspects of ICCs were illustrated. Data were expressed as median and ranges (numerical) or as number and percentage (categorical). Nonparametric Mann–Whitney U-test was used for comparison between unpaired groups. Results: We determined ICC in 159 patients, of which 88 (55%) were male. The median age was 66 (19–95) years. The most common site of ICC is pineal body representing 138 (86.8%), followed by choroid plexus, 136 (85.5%), falx cerebri 31 (19.5%), and basal ganglia 18 (11%). Calcification of the middle cerebral artery was seen in two patients only. Conclusions: We determined the frequency of different intracerebral calcifications in adult patients which provide new data in our setting that can be utilized in clinical use. This finding is similar to that reported in other studies.
Primary Nerve Sheath Tumors of the Parapharyngeal Space
Authors: Rashid Muhammad , Karim Muhammad Noman , Saleem Humaira , Abdullah Ameer , Akbar Farhan , Hakim Abdul
Published: March 2021

Aims:

The aims of this study were to retrospectively analyze the presentation, diagnostic challenges, and optimum treatment of nerve sheath tumors (NSTs) in parapharyngeal space (PPS).

Settings and Design:

This is a retrospective chart review done at a tertiary care hospital, Pakistan, from January 2009 to April 2020.

Methods:

All PPS tumors of nerve sheath origin were included in the study. A total of 18 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria. Their clinical presentation, diagnostic modality, surgical approach, and complications were analyzed.

Statistical Analysis Used:

SPSS version 20 was used for statistical analysis.

Results:

The male-to-female ratio was 11:7, with a median age at the time of surgery being 43 ± 10.19 years. The most common clinical symptom was neck swelling. Computed tomography scan was the mainstay of investigation (15 cases). Fine-needle aspiration cytology was diagnostic only in three cases. Transcervical approach was used in all the patients except in one patient. The sympathetic chain was involved in five, vagus in two, and hypoglossal and glossopharyngeal in one patient each. However, nerve involvement was uncertain in nine patients. Among postoperative complications, Horner's syndrome was the most common followed by first bite syndrome.

Conclusions:

PPS NSTs offer a great deal of diagnostic dilemma and an operative challenge. With currently available imaging techniques and meticulous surgery, it is possible to treat PPS NSTs effectively. The nerve of involvement is also important as it can indicate the potential complication that may occur.
Pilot Study
Authors: Hagr Turki , Saleh Shaza , Hagr Abdulrahman
Published: March 2021

Introduction:

The study aimed to explore the implanted children's parents' attitudes toward what could be considered an acceptable period to address speech processors (SPs) dysfunction and indirectly of cochlear implantation (CI) nonuse secondary to SP's problems in unilaterally and bilaterally implanted patients.

Methods:

A questionnaire was administered to CI recipients from multiple centers to investigate how long it took them to seek help in case of a SP problem and how long it took them to receive a replacement/loaner device in unilateral and bilateral CI cases. The questionnaire also investigated whether they had a backup device or not.

Results:

One hundred and forty-three CI recipients' parents filled the questionnaire. Thirty-two percent of unilaterally implanted recipients had backup SPs in comparison to 18% only of the bilaterally implanted, yet statistically significant correlation was found between the time it took them to seek help and whether the recipient had a unilateral or bilateral CI, χ2 (5, n = 143) = 11.07, P < 0.05). Without having a backup SP, 67% of unilaterally implanted individuals sought help immediately versus 61% of the bilaterally implanted.

Conclusions:

CI nonuse secondary to SP issues was found to be a problem which could be due to delayed reporting or device replacement issues. SP requires daily ear specific testing and high maintenance to ensure consistent use which can be partially solved by backup devices. Some CI recipients and their families might perceive having a second CI as a backup which may contribute to the delay in seeking help for faulty SPs among the bilaterally implanted CI recipients.
Comprehensive Metabolic Profiling of Modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction by Ultra-high-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detection-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry and Application of High-Performance Thin-layer Chromatography for its Fingerprint Analysis
Authors: Nöst Xuehong , Pferschy-Wenzig Eva-Maria , Yu Xiao-Tong , Li Min , Tong Xiao-Lin , Bauer Rudolf
Published: March 2021

Objective:

Gegen Qinlian decoction (GQD) is a classical traditional Chinese medicine formulation which has been used for almost 2000 years. At Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, a modified GQD version (mGQD) with seven instead of four herbal ingredients has been applied to treat Type 2 diabetes. Quality control is a crucial prerequisite for the therapeutic application of herbal medicines. For the identification of products derived from classical GQD, the Chinese Pharmacopeia requires the analysis of only three marker compounds. Because mGQD is a more complex mixture containing seven herbs and hundreds of constituents, the pharmacopoeia method for GQD is inadequate.

Materials and Methods:

A more comprehensive characterization of the formula's constituents has been developed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (UHPLC-DAD)-Q-Exactive-mass spectrometry (MS) in electrospray ionization positive and negative mode. Moreover, a new method for the fingerprint analysis of mGQD via high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) has been established.

Results:

Altogether, 91 compounds have been assigned to their originating plants and 84 substances were identified either by comparison with authentic references or with data from the literature. The HPTLC method is based on the application of two different mobile phases and is able to detect both lipophilic and hydrophilic constituents of mGQD.

Conclusions:

The modified GQD was extensively characterized by UHPLC combined with DAD and Q-Exactive Orbitrap high-resolution MS detection, leading to the assignment and identification of compounds present in the decoction. In addition, a new method for the fingerprint analysis of the mGQD using HPTLC was established, which allows fast and simple identification of the herbal ingredients in the mixture.
Simultaneous Determination and Pharmacokinetics of Tetrandrine, Fangchinoline, and Cyclanoline in Rat Plasma by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry after Oral Administration of Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix Extract
Authors: Wang Zhi-Bin , Ma Yue , Liu Hua , Bi Yu-Jin , Wang Meng , Kuang Hai-Xue
Published: March 2021

Objective:

The objective of the study was to develop a rapid and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method for the determination of tetrandrine, fangchinoline, and cyclanoline in rat plasma and to investigate their pharmacokinetics after oral administration of Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix extracts.

Methods:

Sample pretreatment involved methanol pretreatment and liquid–liquid extraction of ethyl acetate from plasma with methanol. Tramadol was used as the internal standard. The analysis was performed using an high strength silica T3 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) and a gradient elution method consisting of mobile phase solution A (0.1% formic acid in water) and B (acetonitrile) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. The detection was performed using a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer in the multiple reaction monitoring mode and using an electrospray ionization source in the positive ionization mode.

Results:

High efficiency was achieved with an analysis time of 4 min/sample. The calibration curve linear in the concentration range of 1250 ng/ml (R
2 ≥ 0.9900) and the lower limit of quantification is 1 ng/ml. The intraday and interday precision (relative standard deviation) values were lower than 9.4. Accuracy (relative error) was within 10.3% at all three quality control levels.

Conclusions:

This method was successfully applied in pharmacokinetics of tetrandrine, fangchinoline, and cyclanoline in rats after oral administration of Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix extracts. The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax
) of tetrandrine, fangchinoline, and cyclanoline was 124.71 ± 16.08, 84.56 ± 3.28, and 57.61 ± 6.26 ng/mL, respectively. The time to reach Cmax was 10.39 ± 3.04 for tetrandrine, 10.17 ± 3.04 for fangchinoline, and 6.40 ± 3.16 for cyclanoline. The pharmacokinetic results might help further guide the clinical application of Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix.
Quantitative Analysis of Eight Ginsenosides in Red Ginseng Using Ginsenoside Rg1 as Single Reference Standard
Authors: Da Juan , Wang Qiu-Rong , Wang Yan , Yao Shuai , Huang Yong , Wei Wen-Long , Liang Jian , Shen Yao , Franz Gerhard , Guo De-An
Published: March 2021

Objective:

To develop a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method for the quantification of major ginsenosides in red ginseng (RG, the steamed and dried root of the cultivar of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey).

Methods:

A feasible method was developed in strict accordance with chromatographic properties of eight ginsenosides. Their contents could be unveiled with conventional external standard method, or as an alternative, using ginsenoside Rg1 as the single reference standard by means of seven conversion factors. Those parameters had been validated on different chromatographic columns and instruments.

Results:

Twenty-one batches of RG samples were determined. In addition, the chromatograms of RG and confusing species, including Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium, and Panax notoginseng, were apparently different.

Conclusions:

The method was proved to be efficient for the quality control of RG.
مقاصد البشارة في السنة النبوية للمرأة المسلمة ودلالاتها (دراسة وصفية)
Authors: د. إيمان بنت يوسف أبو الجدائل د. إيمان بنت يوسف أبو الجدائل
Published: March 2021

هذا البحث: عبارة عن محاولة لإبراز مقاصد البشارة النبوية للمرأة المسلمة ودلالاتها من خلال استعراض جملة من أحاديث النبي ? في البشارة للمرأة، وقد حاولت الباحثة بيان مفهوم البشارة والحكمة من مشروعيتها، ثم الكشف عن منهج النبي ? في البشارة وآليته، مع بيان مقاصد البشارة للمرأة المسلمة، وبعض الوسائل التي تتحقق بموجبها هذه البشارات، واستعرضت الباحثة جملة من دلالات المبشرات بالخير والشر من النساء، وما تحققه البشارة من آثار إيجابية عائدة على حياتها النفسية والاجتماعية والدينية والأخلاقية التي تدل على حرص الإسلام واهتمامه بشأنها بما يضمن لها الأمن النفسي والاجتماعي والأخلاقي، إضافة إلى السعادة الدينة والدنيوية التي تتمناها، ولا شك أن عناية الإسلام بالمرأة فاقت كل المنظمات الحقوقية فصاغت الشريعة لها منهجا فريدا يصعب وجوده في أي مجتمع غير المجتمع الإسلامي؛ ذلك أنه معتمد على منظومة إسلامية رفيعة المستوى مصدرها الوحيين.
أحرفُ الجرِّ المؤكِّدةُ في العربية (دراسةٌ نظريةٌ تطبيقيةٌ)
Authors: د سعيد بن محمد آل موسى د سعيد بن محمد آل موسى
Published: March 2021

الهدفُ من هذا البحث هو بيانُ معنى زيادةِ أحرفِ الجرِّ الـمؤكِّدة، وعرضُ آراءِ النحويينَ فيها، الوحصرُ أحرفِ الجرِّ التي تُزادُ للتوكيدِ، ومواضعُ زيادتها، وتناولُ أحكامِها عندَ النحويين، والوقوفُ عند أغراضِ زيادتها، في مبحثين هما: حقيقةُ أحرفِ الـجرِّ الـمؤكِّدةِ، وأحرفِ الجرِّ المـؤكِّدةِ وتطبيقاتُها، اتَّبع البحث فيهما المنهج الوصفي التطبيقي، وخلص لمجموعة من النتائج، أهمها: أنَّ أحرف الجرِّ التي تستخدمُ زائدةً مؤكِّدةً، هي: (مِن، اللام، الباء، الكاف)، فـــ(من) تزاد مؤكِّدةً مع الفاعل والمفعول والمبتدأ واسم ما النافية العاملة عمل ليس عند الحجازيين، وتزاد (الباء) مؤكِّدةً مع فاعل (كَفَى) اللازمة التي بمعنى (حسبُك)، ومع فاعل (أفعِل) في أسلوب التعجب، ومع المفعول به والمبتدأ في سياق الاستفهام، وخبر ليس وخبر ما المشبهة بـليس، وتزاد (اللام) المؤكِّدة بين الفعل المتعدي ومفعوله، وبين المضاف والمضاف إليه، وأكثر زيادة (الكاف) المؤكِّدة مع (مثل). الشكر والتقدير لجامعة الملك خالد على دعم هذا البحث في البرنامج البحثي العام رقم (G.R.P-53-40).
تداخل الأنواع الأدبيّة التمظهرُ التّبادلي ( القصّة القصيرة جدًّا وقصيدة الهايكو أنموذجاً)
Authors: د. محمد بن راضي الشريف د. محمد بن راضي الشريف
Published: March 2021

يهدف البحث إلى رصد تسارع وتيرة منجز الخطاب الأدبي وتفلّته من الدرس النقدي الذي لايزال يعتوره شيء من لوثة كلاسيكية تشدّه إلى مراعاة العرف الأدبي حيث الأطر النوعية والتعاطي المدرسي؛ ففي عالم متسارع التغيير والتبديل والتحديث ينطلق الأديب مجنّحاً يحلّق بتجربته الإبداعية في فضاءات رحيبة لا محدودة، بين الرغبة الملحّة في التجريب من ناحية، والرغبة في أن يحتفظ بأصالة إبداعية، يراها كلّ أديب جزءاً من حقّه الطبيعي في عالم الإبداع، من ناحية أخرى. من خلال هذا الرصد ينشد البحث استكشاف بعض تجلّيات التداخل بين الأنواع الفنيّة، وتحديداً بين القصّة القصيرة جدًّا وقصيدة الهايكو ذات الأصل الياباني وقد تبنّاهما كتّاب وشعراء عرب وسعوديون في العقود القليلة السابقة حتى اليوم، وذلك انطلاقاً من دعوة المعنيين بدراسة نظرية الأدب، وخصوصا أولئك الذين يصدرون عن تصورات لسانية وبنيوية، إلى استثمار تداخل الأنواع التي اندمجت في نظرية الخطاب وعلم النص. لقد بدأ التجريب الإبداعي في الوطن العربي بل في المملكة مبكرا في كل من فن القصة القصيرة جدًّا وقصيدة الهايكو ’اليابانية/العربية‘، وخصوصاً في بدايات القرن العشرين الميلادي، حيث التقى هذان الفنَّانِ فِي بعض الملامح وتنازعتهما تسميات عدّة، لعل من أبرزها ’الومضة‘ التي أطلقت على كلا النمطين؛ فالقصة القصيرة جدًّا فنّ سردي نَحَا إلى الشعرية بسبب طبيعته الشكلية والمضمونية التي فَرَضَت عليه ذلك. أما قصيدة الهايكو فقد تلبّسها السردُ أيضا بسبب تضاريسها الزمنية والوصفية المباشرة التي رسمت لها في أصولها اليابانية، بالإضافة إلى ما يلاحَظُ فيهما معاً من القصر والتكثيف والومض والإلماح، مما يغري الباحث بتلمّس ما بينهما من تداخل إبداعي، يمثّل دوماً علامة على أصالة كل فنّ وتفرّده في الوقت نفسه. كلمات مفتاحية: الخطاب الأدبي، تداخل الأنواع، القصة القصيرة، قصيدة الهايكو، التمظهر التبادلي، السرد، شعرية القصة، سردية القصيدة. في عالمٍ متسارع التغيير والتغيّر يُقبِلُ منْشئو الأدب بجرأةٍ لا كابح لها على التجريب، لتنفتحَ تجاربهم الإبداعية على أروقة فسيحة لا محدودة، يرتكس النقد التقليدي المدرسي عن تأطيرها وتحديد نوعها، ويتبدّى لدارس الأدب ضرورة بل حتمية تغيير آلياته التي يخضع العمل الأدبي لممارسة فحصها؛ إذ يجب أن يكون دائم التحديث متماهياً بذلك مع تحديث الأجهزة والبرامج الإلكترونية التي ما أن يتباطأ عن ذلك مشتغل في حقلها إلاَّ وَأَوْدَى به ذلك وأخرجه من رَبِقَةِ الاشتغال المعزِّز لمتابعة كلّ ما هو جديد. تحاول هذه الورقة في إطار مسلّمة تداخل الأنواع الأدبية رَصْدَ تمظهُرِ القصة القصيرة جدا وقصيدة الهايكو تبادليا بخصائص السرد والشعر، وتتوسّل إلى ذلك باستقراء نماذج من كلّ فنّ في ضوء المعطى النظري الذي طَارَحَ السّرْد والشعر أسئلةً لـَمَّا تزل بحاجة إلى كثير من التقليب والإعادة والتعقيب. يمكننا أن نعدّ مشكلة هذا البحث أزليةً تعتورها الأطروحات وتتجاذبها المدارس، التي تحاول معالجة امتزاج بَحْرَيِّ الأدبية السّرد والشّعر، وتحديد البرزخ الفاصل بينهما لمنْع البغْي اللامسؤول الذي يجتاح المشهد الأدبي برمّته ويهدّده بفوضى عارمة تجتثّ أسَّ الجمالية المتجذّرة حياله.
A One Health Approach to Child Stunting: Evidence and Research Agenda
Authors: Gharpure Radhika , Mor Siobhan M. , Viney Mark , Hodobo Tinashe , Lello Joanne , Siwila Joyce , Dube Kululeko , Robertson Ruairi C. , Mutasa Kuda , Berger Cedric N. , Hirai Mitsuaki , Brown Tim , Ntozini Robert , Evans Ceri , Hoto Patience , Smith Laura E. , Tavengwa Naume V. , Joyeux Mathieu , Humphrey Jean H. , Berendes David , Prendergast Andrew J.
Published: March 2021

Stunting (low height for age) affects approximately one-quarter of children aged < 5 years worldwide. Given the limited impact of current interventions for stunting, new multisectoral evidence-based approaches are needed to decrease the burden of stunting in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Recognizing that the health of people, animals, and the environment are connected, we present the rationale and research agenda for considering a One Health approach to child stunting. We contend that a One Health strategy may uncover new approaches to tackling child stunting by addressing several interdependent factors that prevent children from thriving in LMICs, and that coordinated interventions among human health, animal health, and environmental health sectors may have a synergistic effect in stunting reduction.
Lathyrism and Socioeconomic Disparities: A Neglected Public Health Problem in Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Hussien Foziya Mohammed , Dagnaw Mareamlak Mengistie , Ahmed Aragaw Yimer , Hassen Hamid Yimam
Published: March 2021

Lathyrism is an incurable neurological disorder, resulting from excessive consumption of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus), which clinically manifests as paralysis of lower limbs. Because of the high production of grass peas, a large number of people are expected to be affected by the disease in Northeast Ethiopia. However, there is no comprehensive study that quantified the magnitude of the problem. Therefore, in this study, we determined the prevalence of lathyrism and socioeconomic disparities in Northeast Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was used which used a quantitative method of data collection from January to February 2019. Data were collected from a total of 2,307 inhabitants in the study area using structured questionnaires. Lathyrism cases were identified using a case definition of symmetrical spastic leg weakness, and subacute or insidious onset, with no sensory deficit, and with a history of grass pea consumption before and at the onset of paralysis. The majority (56.8%) of participants were male, and 34.7% were aged 45 years or older. Overall, the prevalence of lathyrism was 5.5%, and it was higher in males (7.9%) than in females (2.5%). Moreover, the prevalence was higher among farmers (7.0%) than merchants (0.3%), very poor economic status (7.2%) than very rich (1.1%), who produced (9.6%) grass pea than not produced (0.9%), and those who used clay pottery (6.2%) than metal (4.8%) for cooking. The prevalence of lathyrism in Northeast Ethiopia is remarkably high. Therefore, we recommend lathyrism to be among the list of reportable health problems and incorporated in the national routine surveillance system.
Fuel Economy and Emissions of E85 in Passenger Cars - A Move towards Flex Fuel Vehicle
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Ramadhas A S , Kumar Prashant , Sithananthan M , Maheshwari Mukul , Kagdiyal Vivekanand
Published: March 2021

Many countries are developing strategies to curb the consumption of fossil fuels, and to increase the share of alternative fuels such as alcohols, natural gas, fuel cell and electricity in the energy pool in order to improve energy security and reduce atmospheric pollution. Alcohol fuels are promising one and it has been widely used in many countries as blending component for gasoline. Ethanol has a high-octane number but it has a lower calorific value than gasoline. The performance of engine may be affected with higher percentage of ethanol in gasoline due to demand for larger quantity of fuel that could not be supplied by vehicles which are tuned to run on gasoline only. In this study, a second electronic control unit (ECU) was installed in series with the existing commercial or primary ECU and an ethanol sensor was installed in the fuel line. This secondary ECU modulates the fuel injection pulse width of the primary ECU depending on ethanol concentration in the fuel. The vehicle studies were carried out using Indian automotive gasoline meeting IS:2796 specification and 85% ethanol blended gasoline (E85) in a climatically controlled chassis dynamometer lab in which test cell temperature maintained at 25±1 °C throughout the test. Modified Indian Driving Cycle tests (MIDC) and constant speed tests were carried out using E85 and commercial gasoline to investigate the fuel economy, gaseous mass emissions, particulate emission in terms number and size characteristics. Gaseous emission was reduced up to 30% with the penalty of reduction in fuel economy by approximately 30% over the MIDC. The vehicle power was maintained while using both fuels at respective constant speeds during the road load simulation cycles however an increase in fuel consumption was observed with E85. The tailpipe exhaust particle emission measurement had shown up to 50% reduction in exhaust particulate emissions with E85. This study demonstrates the potential of using higher blends of ethanol up to E85 and meeting power or speed demand at constant speeds and driving cycle tests.
TANTANGAN GURU DALAM MENGAJAR SATU WAKTU DI SIDH
Authors: Barokah Sukriyah , Yuni Ariyanti Mega , Prasetyawati Eka , Fatah M. Aulia , Nafi`ah Ulfatun , Mubarok Husni
Published: March 2021

Diedarkannya suatu kebijakan dari pemerintah mengenai pembelajaran daring maka guru di tuntut untuk lebih bersikap kreatif dalam menggunakan media pembelajaran sebagai sarana penunjang pembelajaran di masa sekarang ini agar tercipta pembelajaran yang tidak membosankan bagi peserta didik di masa Covid-19. Mengingat strategisnya peran guru dalam pendidikan, apalagi di era global ini, maka kebutuhan akan guru yang berkualitas menjadi sebuah keniscayaan demi masa depan bangsa yang gemilang. Kebutuhan akan guru yang berkualitas yang semakin tinggi saat ini harus disikapi secara positif oleh para pengelola pendidikan guru. Respons positif ini harus ditunjukkan dengan senantiasa meningkatkan mutu program pendidikan yang ditawarkannya. Perbaikan mutu pendidikan pada jenjang pendidikan tinggi ini jelas akan membawa dampak positif bagi penciptaan guru yang berkualitas kelak di kemudian hari. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini termasuk dalam metode library research dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Di dalam metode penelitian ini ada empat tahap yaitu; pengumpulan data, pertanyaan peneliti, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan. Dapat disimpulkan, semua pembelajaran yang ada di Belanda dilakukan secara daring, adapun yang dilakukan secara offline hanya 20% dan sifatnya tutorial yang sifatnya lebih kreatif. Terdapat 21 murid yang mencakup SD, SMP, dan SMA. Jumlah gurunya ada 16 ditambah 1 kepsek berarti 17 guru. Untuk program PJJ bagi mahasiswa yang tinggalnya di luar belanda jumlahnya yaitu 140. SD Reguler di SIDH memiliki semua jenjang dari kelas 1 - kelas 6 tetapi satu jenjang bisa jadi 1 siswa atau paling banyak 3-4 siswa. Kurikulum di SIDH menggunakan K13, untuk memudahkan menggunakan buku BSE.
Study Analisis Metode Analisis Sentimen pada YouTube
Authors: Thomas Santi , Yuliana  , Noviyanti. P
Published: March 2021

It cannot be denied that YouTube is now the most popular video sharing website. Opinions written from viewers could be an important asset for the development of a company or YouTubers. In this report, the technique used to analyze those comments is called sentiment analysis or opinion mining techniques. Although this knowledge or technique is not new, it is still important to continue studying this, given the importance of the viewer comments. This paper is the result of a literature review of several studies that have been conducted using various methods in sentiment analysis. The purpose of this analytical study is to obtain a theoretical basis that can support further research by studying the working methods, advantages, and disadvantages of each method. For the reason of having no knowledge on how the method works will affect the results and will be a waste of time. The results of comparisons from research that have been done, showing that the Naïve bayes algorithm has a higher accuracy, then SVM then DT. But this is a preliminary result as no study has used all methods at once in a case.
A psicanálise da alfabetização: uma abordagem à luz da leitura
Authors: Pestana dos Santos Douglas Manoel Antonio de Abreu
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo envolve a prática da leitura e a utilização de estratégia e habilidades, educativas na construção do processo de ensino e alfabetização. Com base na psicanálise da Alfabetização serão abordados em alguns capítulos certos elementos que caracterizam os diversos tipos de leitura, e habilidades que estão sendo criados para facilitar o trabalho com a aprendizagem  das crianças no decorrer das etapas do ensino básico. As atividades com  leituras  devem  estar sempre presentes no cotidiano escolar. Tendo como objetivos do artigo analisar e compreender a importância da leitura e de se aplicar os seus tipos nas atividades lúdicas na Educação Infantil.  Abordar a importância da leitura para o sucesso escolar, promovendo momentos agradáveis que  sejam capazes de desenvolver diversas formas de linguagens e ensinamentos através da leitura na busca de caminhos para que as dificuldades de interpretação sejam superadas. Demonstrar as mudanças atingidas pelos alunos nesse processo é uma das metas que todo educador pretende alcançar para que no futuro possamos ter um cidadão crítico com competência e qualificação. As situações que promovem o habito da leitura devem ser criadas pelos professores, visando estimular à aprendizagem, estimulando à criança a socialização. Para que isso aconteça, os educadores deverão entender a escola como um ambiente que além de produzir conhecimento, deve proporcionar prazer  no momento da leitura. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica com embasamento na psicanálise da alfabetização.
Gêneros do discurso e gêneros textuais
Authors: Dantas Wallace
Published: March 2021

Neste trabalho, busco destacar a importância dos gêneros para o ensino de língua materna, na medida em que realizo uma breve reflexão sobre as atuais exigências da Base Nacional Comum Curricular - BNCC, levando em consideração a atual situação da docência em Língua Portuguesa. Para isso, à luz de duas perspectivas teóricas (BAKHTIN, 2016; MARCUSCHI, 2002), será feito um levantamento a respeito do que se entende por gênero do discurso e gênero textual, principalmente. Objetivo, também, traçar um esquema das melhores possibilidades de trabalho, provenientes do contato com o gênero, das quais o professor pode se valer em sala de aula, tomando como parâmetro a Base Nacional Comum Curricular – BNCC do ensino médio.
AS PERCEPÇÕES DE PROFESSORES SOBRE AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA PSICOLOGIA HISTÓRICOCULTURAL A EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO MEDIANTE O PROGRAMA ESCOLA NEUROPSIEDUCAÇÃO (PENEUROPSIE)
Authors: Calonga Tatiane Gamarra , Santana Maria Luzia da Silva
Published: March 2021

Há carência de estudos no contexto brasileiro que dialoguem acerca daEducação do Campo e a Psicologia Rural, por isso esta pesquisa abordaas contribuições da Psicologia da Educação para a formação deprofessores, a partir da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural articulada àEducação do Campo. O objetivo geral é investigar as contribuições daPsicologia da Educação à Educação do Campo, mediante a apresentaçãodo Programa Escola Neuropsieducação (PENeuroPsiE). A metodologiade pesquisa utilizada agregou a revisão bibliográfica e a exploração dosdados, com a participação de 05 professores (as) que atuam ou atuaramna Educação do Campo. Os instrumentos utilizados para coleta de dadosforam: vídeo, o PENeuroPsiE e um questionário no Google Forms. Foievidenciado a importância da inserção da Psicologia da Educação nocurso de formação de professores para atuar na Educação do Campo demaneira interdisciplinar, reflexiva e articulada ao contexto, ou seja,numa práxis pedagógica considerando uma reflexão acerca da realidadedos estudantes e das escolas em contextos rurais. O material pedagógicodo PENeuroPsiE foi considerado relevante, inovador e motivador para odesenvolvimento das funções psicológicas superiores e apropriação dosconhecimentos abordados. Contudo, há necessidade de adaptar osrecursos do PENeuroPsiE à realidade vivenciada pelos estudantes emassentamentos de reforma agrária e a Pedagogia da Alternância. Aspercepções dos professores sobre os materiais do PENeuroPsiE sãoimportantes para ajustes e sua validação ecológica. Os dados obtidoscolaboram com avanço, debates e reflexões sobre as contribuições daPsicologia Histórico-Cultural e Psicologia Rural à Educação do Campo.
A LEITURA LITERÁRIA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: ANÁLISE DE NARRATIVAS ESCRITAS POR UMA PROFESSORA
Authors: Martins Ana Carolina Ferreri , Bortolanza Ana Maria Esteves
Published: March 2021

O objetivo do artigo é analisar leitura literária na Educação Infantil emseus aspectos teóricos e práticos, por meio de narrativas escritas de umaprofessora. O estudo (2019-2020) foi elaborado por meio de umapesquisa qualitativa, de caráter exploratório, tendo como procedimentoduas narrativas escritas por uma professora de uma turma de 5 anos, emuma escola de Educação Infantil de Tubarão, SC. Explora questõespráticas e teóricas sobre a leitura literária em atividades da criança comos objetos da escrita, especificamente, livros de literatura infantil. Oartigo evidencia o distanciamento entre os aspectos teóricos da leituraliterária em relação às práticas pedagógicas da professora participante dapesquisa. Conclui-se que é preciso, na Educação Infantil, organizar ascondições para a vivência da criança com a leitura literária como espaçode partilhas e relações que possibilitem as interações das crianças com aleitura literária no cotidiano.
PESQUISA CIENTÍFICA NA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSORES/AS: UM ESTUDO ACERCA DO CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM ARTES/HABILITAÇÃO EM MÚSICA DA UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE MONTES CLAROS
Authors: Carmo Raiana Maciel do , Oliveira Maria Clara Leite e , Mota Ana Caroline Pereira , Rosa Samuel Naamã Scarcela , Oliveira Elaine Pereira de
Published: March 2021

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que teve comoobjetivo geral compreender de que maneira a realização de pesquisascientíficas, produzidas no âmbito do curso de Licenciatura emArtes/Habilitação em Música da Universidade Estadual de MontesClaros (Unimontes), influenciou a trajetória dos/as acadêmicos/as dodecorrer da sua formação inicial e influencia na atuação profissional. Apartir de uma abordagem qualitativa, o suporte metodológico foicomposto por pesquisa bibliográfica em livros, anais de eventoscientíficos, revistas científicas, dissertações e teses das áreas de Músicae Educação, além de pesquisa documental realizada em arquivos doDepartamento de Artes da Unimontes, na legislação federal e emdocumentos normativos produzidos no âmbito universidade. Tambémforam realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os/as egressos/as queparticiparam das pesquisas durante o período da sua graduação. A partirdos resultados obtidos é possível constatar que entre os anos de 1998 e2019 foram localizadas apenas 16 pesquisas. A distribuição destestrabalhos neste período não é tão equilibrada, se concentrando emdeterminados momentos que são marcados pela atuação deprofessores/as específicos/as. A partir dos dados coletados, ficouevidente que a realização dessas pesquisas impactou na trajetória dos/asentrevistados/as ao afirmarem que desenvolveram o seu senso crítico, asua habilidade de escrita e que estes trabalhos ampliaram os seus olharespara novas possibilidades na graduação e também no mercado detrabalho. Conclui-se, portanto, que este diagnóstico da produção científica foi imprescindível para refletirmos sobre o papel da pesquisa na formação inicial deprofessores/as de música