bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intensified extraction of anthocyanins from Berberis vulgaris L. by pulsed electric field, vacuum-cold plasma, and enzymatic pretreatments: modeling and optimization
Authors: Dara Arash , Feizy Javad , Naji-Tabasi Sara , Fooladi Ebrahim , Rafe Ali
Published: September 2023

Background

Berberis vulgaris L. is a valuable source of natural antioxidants, polyphenols, and anthocyanins compounds. Advanced extraction methods can increase extraction efficiency. This study investigated the efficiency of pulsed electric field, vacuum-cold plasma, and enzymatic pretreatment for anthocyanins extraction of Berberis vulgaris L.

Results

Total polyphenols (TP), total anthocyanin (TA), and physicochemical properties of Berberis vulgaris L. were investigated. The pulsed electric field at three levels of electric intensity (3000, 5000, and 7000 V/cm) and three pulse numbers (50, 75, and 100) were applied. 7000 V/cm with the pulse number of 100 was the best condition for anthocyanin extraction (amounts of anthocyanin and polyphenol extraction were 260.28 mg/L and 462.75 mg/L, respectively). The vacuum-cold plasma was carried out at the power of 60, 70, and 80 w at different times (1, 3, and 5 min). The optimum conditions for vacuum-cold plasma were 80 w for 5 min, and anthocyanin and polyphenol amounts were 256.32 mg/L and 433.71 mg/L, respectively. The optimal conditions of enzymatic pretreatment for the maximum yield were 1.5% enzyme concentration at 60 °C (the values of extracted anthocyanin and polyphenol were 279.64 mg/L and 484.93 mg/L, respectively).

Conclusions

Different extractionpretreatments demonstrated that the enzymatic pretreatment resulted in the highest extraction of anthocyanins and polyphenols from Berberis vulgaris L. Therefore, pectinase can act as a potential assisted extraction for the extraction process.

Graphical Abstract
The prevalence and multilevel analysis of minimum dietary diversity intake and its determinants among 6–23 months old infants in The Gambia: further analysis of the Gambian demographic and health survey data
Authors: Terefe Bewuketu , Jembere Mahlet Moges , Assimamaw Nega Tezera
Published: September 2023

Background

Poor infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices are a significant issue both globally and in developing nations, and they have a significant role in undernutrition, healthy growth, and development, particularly in the first 2 years of life. Improving children's general health and wellbeing requires recognizing and decreasing preventable drivers of malnutrition. Hence, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and possible determinants of minimum dietary diversity among 6–23 months old babies in the Gambia.

Methods

Data from the 2019–2020 Gambia demographic and health survey were used. The study included a total of 2100 weighted 6–23 months old children. To identify characteristics significantly linked with minimum dietary diversity among infants, a multilevel fixed-effect analysis approach was used. After adjusting other confounding variables, variables with a p value of 0.25 were incorporated into a multivariable multilevel regression analysis to determine associated variables. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was then applied.

Results

Only 22.22% (95% CI 18.55, 21.99) of infants had received the minimum dietary diversity. Mothers, who had mass media exposure (aOR = 2.71, CI = (1.02, 6.21), wealthier (aOR = 1.70, CI = 1.02, 2.85), child age of (aOR = 4.14, CI = 2.98, 5.76), and (aOR = 4.97, CI = 3.54, 6.98), have shown a positive statistical association with the outcome variable, respectively. Regarding regions mothers who came from Kanifing (aOR = 0.49, CI = 0.25, 0.94), Janjanbureh (aOR = 0.38, CI = 0.18, 0.82), and Basse (aOR = 0.51, CI = 0.26, 0.99) had showed less likelihood odds to provide the minimum dietary diversity (MDD) for their babies compared to Banjul local government area, respectively.

Conclusion

The World Health Organization dietary evaluation tool suggests that the MDD value be extremely low, even though it might be slightly higher than the numbers for some nations. The country may need to take drastic measures to tackle child malnutrition.
Fault location of untransposed double-circuit transmission lines based on an improved Karrenbauer matrix and the QPSO algorithm
Authors: Tang Minan , Lu Hang , Li Bin
Published: September 2023

Some double-circuit transmission lines are untransposed, which results in complex coupling relations between the parameters of the transmission lines. If the traditional modal transformation matrix is directly used to decouple the parameters, it can lead to large errors in the decoupled modal parameter, errors which will be amplified in the fault location equation. Consequently, it makes the fault location results of the untransposed double-circuit transmission lines less accurate. Therefore, a new modal transformation method is needed to decouple the parameter matrix of untransposed double-circuit transmission lines and realize the fault location according to the decoupled modal parameter. By improving the basis of the Karrenbauer matrix, a modal transformation matrix suitable for decoupling parameters of untransposed double-circuit transmission lines is obtained. To address the difficulties in solving the fault location equation of untransposed double-circuit transmission lines, a new fault location method based on an improved Karrenbauer matrix and the quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the line parameter matrix is decomposed into identical and inverse sequence components using the identical-inverse sequence component transformation. The Karrenbauer matrix is then transformed to obtain the improved Karrenbauer matrix for untransposed double-circuit transmission lines and applied to identical and inverse sequence components to solve the decoupled modal parameter. Secondly, based on the principle that voltage magnitudes at both ends are equal, the fault location equation is expressed using sequence components at each end, and the QPSO algorithm is introduced to solve the equation. Finally, the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method are verified by PSCAD simulation. The simulation results fully demonstrate that the innovative improvement on the basis of the traditional modal transformation matrix in this paper can realize the modal transformation of the complex coupling parameters of the untransposed double-circuit transmission lines. It causes almost no errors in the decoupling process. The QPSO algorithm can also solve the fault location equation more accurately. The new fault location method can realize the accurate fault location of untransposed double-circuit transmission lines.
Health-related quality of life of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Survivors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal improvements on social functioning and fatigue
Authors: Vlooswijk Carla , Janssen Silvie H. M. , van de Poll-Franse Lonneke V. , Bijlsma Rhodé , Kaal Suzanne E. J. , Kerst J. Martijn , Tromp Jacqueline M. , Bos Monique E. M. M. , Lalisang Roy I. , Nuver Janine , Kouwenhoven Mathilde C. M. , van der Graaf Winette T. A. , Husson Olga
Published: September 2023

The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among long-term Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Survivors (AYACS) and an age- and sex-matched normative population was examined. Although the HRQoL of AYACS was worse compared to the normative population before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, the scores of AYACS improved over time in contrast to the normative population. Presumably, AYACS are used to adjusting their lives to stressful life events. Furthermore, the lockdown may have been beneficial for AYACS who face difficulties fully participating in society due to the impact of cancer. AYACS who encounter HRQoL issues could benefit from support interventions to empower them and build resilience.
Absence seizures in lesion-related epilepsy
Authors: Sun Xiaoqin , Wang Miao , He Zeng , Liu Lihong , Shi Xianjun , Zhang Chunqing , An Ning , Yang Meihua , Wu Zhifeng , Wang Ruodan , Wang Li , Wang Zhongke , Yang Hui , Yang Xiaolin , Liu Shiyong
Published: September 2023

Background

In the new International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classification of seizure types, generalized seizures such as absence seizures (ASs) may originate from a focal point and rapidly spread to the bilaterally distributed brain network. Increasing evidence from animal and clinical studies has indicated that focal changes may occur prior to ASs; however, the relationship of ASs with epileptogenic lesions remains unclear.

Methods

We retrospectively collected and analyzed the clinical, imaging, and electrophysiological data of 16 patients who had ASs and structural lesions with seizure-free outcomes after lesion resection.

Results

In semiology analysis, nine patients displayed focal onset; only two patients showed simple ASs, and seizure types other than ASs were observed in the remaining patients. On ictal electroencephalography (EEG), four patients showed bilateral synchronous symmetric 3 Hz generalized spike-wave discharges (GSWDs), and the remaining patients showed bilateral 1.5–2.5 Hz GSWDs. Moreover, most patients (13/16, 81.3%) exhibited focal features in addition to ASs, while interictal EEG was the same in 12 patients. Furthermore, on stereoelectroencephalogram (SEEG), 2/5 patients showed focal discharges before bilateral burst GSWDs. Additionally, all patients had structural lesions on imaging. In four typical AS patients, the lesions were located in deep brain regions. Notably, in 9 patients (9/16, 56%), the lesions were located in the posterior cortex. All patients underwent lesion resection and had seizure-free outcomes during follow-up, and intelligence quotient (IQ) also improved by 10.71 ± 3.90 one year after surgery.

Conclusions

Patients with lesion-related epilepsy may present with ASs that have a focal onset and are associated with good surgical outcomes.
Long-term follow-up of CT-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of T1 renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Fouda Mohamed Elsayed Ahmed Abdou , Ghoneim Mahitab Mohamed Rashad , Settein Magdy Elsayed Mohamed , Tantawy Mohamed Salah Ibrahim , El-Diasty Tarek Abdelmoneim
Published: September 2023

Background

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has an established role in effective treatment of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs), as most of RCCs are diagnosed incidentally in early stages. Long-term follow-up is however important to consolidate the technique. Most of the literature contains series of short-term follow-ups of periods shorter than 2 years. This study in hand demonstrates the results of longer-term follow-up than the previously published series.

Results

Data analysis of 31 patient records involved in this study demonstrated the high clinical efficacy of RFA for long term, 12-year follow-up, by following the absence of tumor recurrences, as shown on regular interval contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) and or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Conclusions

RFA continues to prove its competent role in treating RCCs on longer-term follow-ups; the smaller the size of a tumor and the more peripheral the tumor is, the more effective the therapy. Even in larger early stages tumors, repeating the ablative sessions results in complete ablation without the need for more invasive surgical interventions.
Seismic attribute-assisted seismic fault interpretation
Authors: Zhang Bo , Wang Yanghua
Published: September 2023

Fault mapping is one of the main tasks of 3D seismic interpretation, and seismic discontinuity attributes are often used to support fault mapping in vertical sections and time slices. The most commonly used fault mapping procedure involves three passes/generations. First, the approximate positions of faults (generation I) on some vertical sections are interpreted manually. Second, the generation I faults are projected on some time slices, and the individual fault traces (generation II) are picked on time slices. Finally, the generation II faults are projected onto the vertical sections and the fault sticks (generation III) are picked in the vertical sections. To speed up the fault mapping process, we use the seismic discontinuity attribute as input to automatically extract the generation III faults in the vertical sections under the generation I and II fault mapping conditions. A quality control (QC) step is essential to improve the accuracy of the automatically generated fault sticks. To reduce the time required for QC, we propose to output the fault sticks on the seismic vertical sections defined by the interpreters. The workflow is applied to a real seismic survey to demonstrate its effectiveness.
An in-depth study of U-net for seismic data conditioning: Multiple removal by moveout discrimination
Authors: Durall Ricard , Ghanim Ammar , Ettrich Norman , Keuper Janis
Published: September 2023

Seismic processing often involves suppressing multiples that are an inherent component of collected seismic data. Elaborate multiple prediction and subtraction schemes such as surface-related multiple removal have become standard in industry workflows. In cases of limited spatial sampling, low signal-to-noise ratio, or conservative subtraction of the predicted multiples, the processed data frequently suffer from residual multiples. To tackle these artifacts in the postmigration domain, practitioners often rely on Radon transform-based algorithms. However, such traditional approaches are both time-consuming and parameter dependent, making them relatively complex. In this work, we present a deep learning-based alternative that provides competitive results, while reducing the complexity of its usage, and, hence simplifying its applicability. Our proposed model demonstrates excellent performance when applied to complex field data, despite it being exclusively trained on synthetic data. Furthermore, extensive experiments show that our method can preserve the inherent characteristics of the data, avoiding undesired oversmoothed results, while removing the multiples from seismic offset or angle gathers. Finally, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the model, where we pinpoint the effects of the main hyperparameters on real data inference, and we probabilistically assess its performance from a Bayesian perspective. In this study, we put particular emphasis on helping the user reveal the inner workings of the neural network and attempt to unbox the model.
Type B Insulin Resistance Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Hypoglycemia
Authors: Bhat Salman Zahoor , Lim Sooyoung , Sidhaye Aniket , Hamrahian Amir H
Published: September 2023

We describe a case of a Black female patient with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and systemic lupus erythematosus, who had a subacute onset of severe hypoglycemia that persisted after cessation of insulin therapy. Biochemical testing revealed hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, normal serum triglycerides, and high-normal serum adiponectin levels. Abdominal imaging demonstrated an 11-mm cystic pancreatic lesion. Her clinical history and biochemical test results raised suspicion for type B insulin resistance syndrome (TBIRS), which was confirmed on anti-insulin receptor antibody testing. The patient's hypoglycemia was managed with dietary modification therapy and continuous glucose monitoring. The severity and frequency of hypoglycemic episodes decreased spontaneously. We describe TBIRS and its uncommon hypoglycemic presentation, analyze factors that put TBIRS among the differential diagnosis, and discuss the treatment of TBIRS-associated hypoglycemia.
Afro-Asian Antagonism and the Long Korean War
Authors: Abe Kodai
Published: September 2023

American racial politics during the long Korean War formed what this essay terms Afro-Asian antagonism, a racial hate between African Americans and Asians (and Asian Americans). When the Truman administration issued Executive Order 9981 and proclaimed its commitment to military racial integration in 1948, two years before the outbreak of the Korean War, it seemed to signal a significant step of racial progress. Black servicemen who enlisted in the “liberalized” military, however, were strategically deployed to represent American national violence, especially to the eyes of Asians who were internalizing antiblack racism imported from the United States through the military apparatus. In the face of decolonization and an upsurge in civil rights movements, this article argues, the executive order molded Black Korean War veterans into an instrument to abort Afro-Asian connections while promoting racial liberalism to a global audience. The Korean War inaugurated the American Cold War racial formation that endures into the twenty-first century. Contrasting two Korean War novels written by Asian American and African American authors—Nora Okja Keller’s Fox Girl (2002) and Toni Morrison’s Home (2012)—this article traces how Afro-Asian orphans and a Black veteran internalize and challenge the Afro-Asian antagonisms of the long Korean War.
Reckoning with Restorative Justice
Authors: Trapedo Sims Leanne
Published: September 2023

In Reckoning with Restorative Justice, Leanne Trapedo Sims explores the experiences of women who are incarcerated at the Women's Community Correctional Center, the only women's prison in the state of Hawai‘i. Adopting a decolonial and pro-abolitionist lens, she focuses particularly on women's participation in the Kailua Prison Writing Project and its accompanying Prison Monologues program. Trapedo Sims argues that while the writing project served as a vital resource for the inside women, it also remained deeply embedded within carceral logics at the institutional, state, and federal levels. She foregrounds different aspects of these programs, such as the classroom spaces and the dynamics that emerged between performers and audiences in the Prison Monologues. Blending ethnography, literary studies, psychological analysis, and criminal justice critique, Trapedo Sims centers the often-overlooked stories of incarcerated Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander women in Hawai‘i in ways that resound with the broader American narrative: the disproportionate incarceration of people of color in the prison-industrial complex.
Polycomb safeguards imaginal disc specification through control of the Vestigial–Scalloped complex
Authors: Brown Haley E. , Weasner Brandon P. , Weasner Bonnie M. , Kumar Justin P.
Published: September 2023

A fundamental goal of developmental biology is to understand how cell and tissue fates are specified. The imaginal discs of Drosophila are excellent model systems for addressing this paradigm as their fate can be redirected when discs regenerate after injury or when key selector genes are misregulated. Here, we show that when Polycomb expression is reduced, the wing selector gene vestigial is ectopically activated. This leads to the inappropriate formation of the Vestigial–Scalloped complex, which forces the eye to transform into a wing. We further demonstrate that disrupting this complex does not simply block wing formation or restore eye development. Instead, immunohistochemistry and high-throughput genomic analysis show that the eye-antennal disc unexpectedly undergoes hyperplastic growth with multiple domains being organized into other imaginal discs and tissues. These findings provide insight into the complex developmental landscape that tissues must navigate before adopting their final fate.
Genetic Predisposition, Sedentary Behavior, and Incident Coronary Artery Disease: A Prospective Chinese Cohort Study
Authors: HU CHUNYU , HUANG KEYONG , CAI CAN , LIU FANGCHAO , LI JIANXIN , HU DONGSHENG , ZHAO YINGXIN , LIU XIAOQING , CAO JIE , CHEN SHUFENG , LI HONGFAN , YU LING , LI YING , SHEN CHONG , HUANG JIANFENG , GU DONGFENG , LU XIANGFENG
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Whether the association of sedentary behaviors with coronary artery disease (CAD) can be influenced by genetic susceptibility remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the joint and interplay effects between genetic risk and sedentary time (ST) and to further explore the extent to which the risk for CAD can be counteracted by reducing ST in different genetic groups.

Methods

This prospective cohort study included 39,164 Chinese adults without CAD history. Genetic susceptibility was quantified by a predefined polygenic risk score (PRS) with 540 genetic variants, and daily ST was assessed by questionnaire. We analyzed the modification effect of genetic risk on the association of ST with CAD using the Cox proportional hazards models.

Results

During a median follow-up of 11.60 yr, 1156 CAD events were documented. Higher ST and PRS were separately related to elevated CAD risk. Significant additive interaction was also observed (relative excess risk due to interaction: 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.27–1.28). Compared with participants with low genetic risk and low ST (<6 h·d−1), those with high genetic risk and high ST (≥10 h·d−1) had the highest CAD risk, with the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI of 4.22 (2.65–6.71). When stratified by genetic risks, participants with high ST had gradient increment of CAD risks across low, intermediate, and high genetic risk groups, with HR (95% CI) values of 1.21 (0.61–2.40), 1.57 (1.14–2.16), and 2.15 (1.40–3.31), respectively. For the absolute risk reduction, individuals with high genetic risk achieved the greatest benefit from low ST (P
trend = 0.024).

Conclusions

Genetic susceptibility may synergistically interact with ST to increase CAD risk. Reducing ST could attenuate the CAD risk, especially among individuals with high genetic risk.
Η αυτοαξιολόγηση του σχολείου ως μορφή εκπαιδευτικής διακυβέρνησης
Authors: Στράτου Χριστίνα
Published: September 2023

Στη μελέτη επιχειρείται η κριτική ανάλυση των λόγων και των πολιτικών της αυτοαξιολόγησης του σχολείου, όπως εκφράστηκαν θεσμικά στο ελληνικό εκπαιδευτικό παράδειγμα κατά τη διάρκεια τριών διακριτών και διαδοχικών διακυβερνητικών περιόδων - "μεταρρυθμιστικών επεισοδίων" - (ΠΑΣΟΚ/ΝΔ-ΠΑΣΟΚ-ΔΗΜΑΡ (2010-2015), ΣΥΡΙΖΑ-ΑΝΕΛ (2015-2019), ΝΔ (2019-2023). Η μελέτη διερευνά τη γενεαλογία, με όρους Foucault, των θεσμικών λόγων και πολιτικών της αυτοαξιολόγησης του σχολείου μέσω της ιστορικο-συγκριτικής εξέτασης των νομοθετικών κειμένων (νόμοι, υπουργικές αποφάσεις, εγκύκλιοι, οδηγίες εφαρμογής) που δημοσιεύθηκαν από την Πολιτεία κατά τη διάρκεια αυτής της περιόδου. Η μελέτη βασίζεται μεθοδολογικά στην Κριτική Ανάλυση Λόγου (N. Fairclough/R. Wodak) και αξιοποιεί τη Θεωρία του Λόγου (E. Laclau & Ch. Mouffe). Δίνει έμφαση σε έννοιες όπως η ηγεμονία, η αποδόμηση, ο ενδεχομενικός χαρακτήρας των πολιτικών και οι σχέσεις εξουσίας-γνώσης που χαρακτηρίζουν τον εκπαιδευτικό μεταρρυθμιστικό λόγο, τις πολιτικές και τις πρακτικές σχετικά με την αυτοαξιολόγηση του σχολείου σε εθνικό επίπεδο κατά την περίοδο που μελετάται. Κάθε προσπάθεια θέσμισης της αυτοαξιολόγησης του σχολείου στο ελληνικό εκπαιδευτικό σύστημα, ανεξάρτητα από τις επιμέρους διαφοροποιήσεις στην εκφορά του θεσμικού λόγου και στον τρόπο εφαρμογής που προτείνεται, βασίζεται στην επιδίωξη/προώθηση συντονισμένης ομαδικής εργασίας για την επίτευξη κοινών στόχων, στην ενεργή δέσμευση των μελών του σχολείου για συνεχή προσωπική βελτίωση που οδηγεί στη συλλογική βελτίωση και στη μάθηση όλων και στη συστηματοποιημένη διάδοση πληροφοριών/ γνώσης ως βέλτιστων πρακτικών προς αξιοποίηση σε όλο το εύρος της εκπαίδευσης. Η αυτοαξιολόγηση αποτελεί μορφή σχολικής διακυβέρνησης εφόσον ενισχύει την αυτονομία του σχολείου και των εκπαιδευτικών και συντονίζει τη σχολική δράση με τέτοιο τρόπο, ώστε κάθε σχολική μονάδα να σχεδιάζει και να υλοποιεί τους στρατηγικούς της στόχους και να επιφέρει τα επιθυμητά αποτελέσματα μέσα σε ένα ευρύτερο κεντρικά καθορισμένο πλαίσιο. Επιπλέον, έχει χαρακτηριστικά δυναμικής και αέναης μαθησιακής διαδικασίας τόσο για το σχολείο σε οργανωσιακό επίπεδο όσο και για τους εκπαιδευτικούς σε ατομικό επίπεδο. Οι πρακτικές που προβλέπει (συνεργατικές πρακτικές, εργασία σε ομάδες, αξιολόγηση ομοτέχνων, δικτύωση, διάχυσης καλών πρακτικών) συντελούν στην οργανωσιακή μάθηση του σχολείου και δημιουργούν συνθήκες ενεργού μάθησης και ενίσχυσης της επαγγελματικής ανάπτυξης των εκπαιδευτικών. Διαδραματίζει, επίσης, κυρίαρχο ρόλο στην κατασκευή του εκπαιδευτικού υποκειμένου (ατομικού και συλλογικού) καθώς έχει τη δυνατότητα να επενεργεί στις προδιαθέσεις, τις πεποιθήσεις και τις αντιλήψεις των εκπαιδευτικών για τη φύση της εργασίας τους στο σχολείο και να κατασκευάζει/διαμορφώνει το διευρυμένο πλαίσιο ικανοτήτων που είναι απαραίτητο στις συνεχώς μεταβαλλόμενες συνθήκες του εκπαιδευτικού επαγγέλματος που απαιτούν από τους εκπαιδευτικούς να προσαρμόζονται να είναι ευέλικτοι, να πρωτοπορούν και να είναι διαθέσιμοι συνεχώς να μετασχηματίζονται και να αλλάζουν.
La Revue des Deux Mondes de 1920 à 1940
Authors: Καρακατσούλη Άννα
Published: September 2023

Η διατριβή εντάσσεται στο γνωστικό πεδίο της Νεώτερης Ευρωπαϊκής Ιστορίας και Πολιτισμού, με ειδίκευση στην ιστορία του εκδοτικού χώρου και της διανόησης, και αφορά στη μελέτη του αρχαιότερου και μεγαλύτερου σε κυκλοφορία γαλλικού περιοδικού γενικής ύλης. Κύριο μέλημα της έρευνας ήταν να καταδείξει τη λειτουργία και τον ρόλο ενός ισχυρού εκδοτικού μηχανισμού στη γαλλική πολιτική και πνευματική ζωή κατ’ αρχήν και στην εικόνα της Γαλλίας σε ευρωπαϊκό και σε διεθνές επίπεδο στη συνέχεια. Η μελέτη βασίσθηκε στο αρχειακό υλικό που φυλάσσεται στο Institut Mémoires de l’Edition Contemporaine (τότε στο Παρίσι, τώρα έχει μετακινηθεί στη Νορμανδία, στο Abbaye d’Ardenne) καθώς και στην αρθρογραφία της περιόδου του Μεσοπολέμου. Οδηγό της έρευνας αποτέλεσαν τα δεδομένα των σωζόμενων και εκτενών αρχειακών πηγών όπως συνεχείς σειρές ποσοτικών και ποιοτικών στοιχείων από τη διαχείριση (πρακτικά Γενικών Συνελεύσεων και απολογισμοί), τη διακίνηση (κατάλογοι συνδρομητών, διαφημιστική πολιτική, συνεργασίες κλπ.) και το λογιστήριο (αποδείξεις, καθολικό, συνδρομές, πληρωμές προσωπικού κλπ.), καθώς επίσης και ο μεγάλος πλούτος χειρογράφων, αλληλογραφίας με τους λογοτέχνες και άλλους συνεργάτες, φωτογραφιών και διαφόρων κειμηλίων. Το πρωτογενές αυτό υλικό καλύπτει όλο το φάσμα των δραστηριοτήτων ενός εκδοτικού οργανισμού (οργάνωση και λειτουργία του περιοδικού κατά την ιστορική του πορεία, από την ίδρυσή του το 1829 έως το 1920, δομή της ύλης κάθε τεύχους, σύνθεση της συντακτικής ομάδας και επιλογή των συνεργατών, οικονομική διαχείριση και διανομή, μέσω του δικτύου συνδρομητών, σε όλο τον κόσμο). Στην αρθρογραφία της, την πολιτική όσο και την πολιτιστική, η Revue ακολουθεί πιστά την επίσημη διπλωματία (με σύντομες εξαιρέσεις τις περιόδους διακυβέρνησης της χώρας από το Cartel des Gauches το 1924 και το Front Populaire το 1936-37) και αναπαράγει τα στερεότυπα της παραδοσιακής Δεξιάς για τη ‘μεγάλη Γαλλία’, την παρακμή του κοινοβουλευτισμού, την ανεπάρκεια της Κοινωνίας των Εθνών και τον απειλούμενο δυτικό χριστιανικό πολιτισμό. Ακόμη, συντηρεί συστηματικά τους θεμελιώδεις μύθους της και την λατρεία των συμβολικών της μορφών: ο Lyautey και η εποποιία του Μαρόκου, ο καρδινάλιος Lavigerie και ο Charles de Foucauld –οι μεγάλοι ιεραπόστολοι, το μεγαλείο της γαλλικής γλώσσας, η εκπολιτιστική αποστολή της Γαλλίας. Έξω από τον ευρωπαϊκό χώρο ο εξωτισμός υπερισχύει της ανάλυσης και οι ταξιδιωτικές εντυπώσεις ακολουθούν το μοτίβο του Ρομαντισμού και των φιλοσοφικο-ιστορικών διαλογισμών. Υπηρετώντας πιστά αυτό το σχήμα, η Revue des Deux Mondes ταυτίστηκε με την κουλτούρα και την νοοτροπία της συντηρητικής, αστικής τάξης, παράδοση που διατηρείται έως σήμερα καθώς εξακολουθεί να κυκλοφορεί αδιαλείπτως.
Case Report: Tropical sprue, diagnostic challenges of an old but unrecognized disease
Authors: Guissouma Jihene , Ben Ali Hana , Allouche Hend , Trabelsi Insaf , Hammami Olfa , Yahia Yosra , Mchirgui Ilhem , Mabrouk Marwa , Ghadhoune Hatem
Published: September 2023

Tropical sprue (TS) is a post-infective disease of the small bowel characterized by a malabsorption syndrome affecting tropics inhabitants and visitors. Diagnosis of TS remain challenging since it can be confused with common diarrheal diseases, especially in non-endemic areas. We report a Tunisian case of latent TS.

A 58-year-old male with a history of chronic watery diarrhea, was admitted to the intensive care unit for confusion which was related to dehydration[J1] . Despite the neurological improvement after hydro-electrolytic resuscitation and acid-base disorders correction, the patient continued to have three to five loose stools daily.

A nutritional assessment showed a malabsorption syndrome: iron, Vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies; normochromic normocytic anemia and hypoalbuminemia.

Gastrointestinal endoscopy showed duodenal villous atrophy and biopsy confirmed subtotal villous atrophy with increased intraepithelial lymphocytosis and a thickened hyalinized [J2] sub-epithelial basal lamina. Celiac disease was evoked, however the patient did not improve on a gluten-free diet and the celiac serology was negative.

On re-interviewing, we discovered that the patient had spent two months in India three years prior.

Given the travel history, clinico-biological and histological data TS was highly considered and a good response to a five-month antibiotic course combined to nutritional supplementation supported this diagnosis.

Clinico-biological, endoscopic and histological findings were overlapping between TS and other malabsorption diseases, explaining diagnosis difficulties. TS should be systematically discussed in tropics visitors presenting with chronic diarrhea. Improvement after micronutrient and vitamin deficiencies replacement combined to a prolonged antibiotic course supports the diagnosis of TS.

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The psychosocial implication of childhood constipation on the children and family: A scoping review protocol.
Authors: McCague Yvonne , Somanadhan Suja , Stokes Diarmuid , Furlong Eileen
Published: September 2023

Background: Constipation is a common problem in childhood that can have psychological, emotional, social, and health-related quality-of-life consequences on children and their families.  Primary or functional constipation (FC) has no known underlying pathology but can be caused by lifestyle, psychological, and behavioural factors. Misdiagnosis and inadequate management of constipation can result in chronicity that can continue to adulthood, reducing quality of life for the child and their parents/family. It also causes emotional, psychological and emotional distress and concern for children and their families. This scoping review aims to answer the research question, “What has been reported about the psychosocial implication of childhood constipation among children and their families?”

Methods: The methodology for this scoping review will draw on the six stages of Arksey and O’Malley Framework and the updated and refined version by Levac et al. (2010) and Peters et al. (2022).  The process and reporting will follow the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The Population, Concept and Context (PCC) framework will guide the development of inclusion criteria and the search strategy for this scoping review. Systematic literature searches of PUBMED, CINAHL, ASSIA, PsycInfo and Cochrane Library will be conducted from inception to present. The critical appraisal will be performed on selected articles to promote trustworthiness and methodological rigour. Plans for consultation exercise and dissemination of findings will also be presented. 

Conclusion: This scoping review aims to present a comprehensive synthesis of the characteristics and extent of available literature to develop an understanding of and identify gaps in current knowledge regarding the psychosocial implication of childhood constipation on children and their families.
Establishing a stakeholder group for primary care focused cancer research in Ireland
Authors: Jacob Benjamin , Burns Heather , Clyne Barbara , O'Connor Laura ,   Primary Care PPI Group (HRB Primary Care Clinical Trials Network), Bennett Kathleen , Redmond Patrick
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Currently, no group specifically supports and coordinates primary care focused cancer research in Ireland. The aim of this project is to establish an inclusive stakeholder group for primary care focused cancer research in Ireland, to coordinate research efforts and build capacity in researchers and institutions.  

Methods: We will convene a stakeholder group, recruiting individuals with personal and professional experience of cancer care in a community setting. “Core stakeholders”—patients, clinicians, researchers, and policymakers—will attend regularly. Additional “specialist stakeholders”, such as representatives of secondary care, private healthcare, health insurance, industry, cancer charities, and health research funders, will participate on an ad hoc basis. An e-Delphi consensus process will be used to assess the stakeholders’ views on: (1) the relevance and importance of primary care focused cancer research; (2) the potential role and scope of the stakeholder group; (3) how best to engage with lived experience stakeholders and healthcare professionals affected by the research; (4) how best to disseminate results and advocate for translation of findings into practice. Round 1 will be open-ended and will invite the independent suggestions of stakeholders; in Round 2 and 3, group members will vote on the inclusion of these suggestions in a position statement by the group, with consensus defined as ≥75% agreement. 

Discussion: The formation of a broad stakeholder group to support primary care focused cancer research will ensure research is relevant, patient centered, and more readily translated into practice. It is also hoped that the group will support capacity building and strategic planning in this important research space.
Children learn ergative case marking in Hindi using statistical preemption and clause-level semantics (intentionality): evidence from acceptability judgment and elicited production studies with children and adults
Authors: Maitreyee Ramya , Saxena Gaurav , Narasimhan Bhuvana , Misra Sharma Dipti , Mishra Pruthwik , Bhaya Nair Rukmini , Samanta Soumitra , Ambridge Ben
Published: September 2023

Background: A question that lies at the very heart of language acquisition research is how children learn semi-regular systems with exceptions (e.g., the English plural rule that yields cats, dogs, etc, with exceptions feet and men). We investigated this question for Hindi ergative ne marking; another semi-regular but exception-filled system. Generally, in the past tense, the subject of two-participant transitive verbs (e.g., Ram broke the cup) is marked with ne, but there are exceptions. How, then, do children learn when ne marking is required, when it is optional, and when it is ungrammatical?

Methods: We conducted two studies using (a) acceptability judgment and (b) elicited production methods with children (aged 4-5, 5-6 and 9-10 years) and adults.

Results: All age groups showed effects of statistical preemption: the greater the frequency with which a particular verb appears with versus without ne marking on the subject – relative to other verbs – the greater the extent to which participants (a) accepted and (b) produced ne over zero-marked subjects. Both children and adults also showed effects of clause-level semantics, showing greater acceptance of ne over zero-marked subjects for intentional than unintentional actions. Some evidence of semantic effects at the level of the verb was observed in the elicited production task for children and the judgment task for adults.

Conclusions: participants mainly learn ergative marking on an input-based verb-by-verb basis (i.e., via statistical preemption; verb-level semantics), but are also sensitive to clause-level semantic considerations (i.e., the intentionality of the action). These findings add to a growing body of work which suggests that children learn semi-regular, exception-filled systems using both statistics and semantics.
ASSESSMENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY BY PSYCHOLOGY STUDENTS
Authors: Matyushina Marina A.
Published: September 2023

The article presents the results of a pilot study on the assessment of the educational environment of the university by psychology students. The purpose of the study is to study the assessment of various aspects and levels of the educational environment of the university by psychology students. Research methods: analysis of scientific literature, psychological testing (Methodology for assessing the educational environment by V.A. Yasvin, Socio-psychological comfort of the educational environment G.Yu. Avdienko, Scale for assessing the digital educational environment), methods of mathematical data processing (correlation analysis, comparative analysis) . The main results of the work are to identify the relationship between various parameters of the educational environment. It was found that students with a satisfied need for security assess the educational environment of the university as a whole as more creative, and also do not experience difficulties in planning educational activities in a digital educational environment and do not evaluate the acquisition of competencies in practical activities in a digital educational environment as something which causes difficulties.
MODEL OF FORMING STUDENTS’ RESEARCH COMPETENCIES IN TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AT TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Dmitrienko, Nadezhda A. , Ershova Svetlana I.
Published: September 2023

Purpose. The article examines the process of forming students’ research competency in the process of teaching a foreign language at technical university as the way of improving professional education and students’ self-organization.

Materials and methods. The basis of the research is the theoretical methods (methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization and systematization, projecting). The leading method of research is the method of projecting, and the main humanistic principle is multimodality to ensure students’ integrity, autonomy and subjectivity.

Results. The model of forming students’ research competency has been developed in the context of personal oriented, competent oriented approaches and synergistic methodology. The article determines the main conditions for the formation of students’ research competency. The project model is revealed and the basis of forming research competency is the activity of students’ personal structures. Therefore, they are indicators of increasing the levels of research competencies in the process of teaching a foreign language. The obtained results convincingly testify to the increase in motivation to learn a foreign language, the development of the experience of research competence of students, the motivation to participate in real research projects in the research educational and cultural environment of a technical university. Students’ project activities increase the effectiveness of teaching foreign language communication, the development of research skills, the flexibility of cognitive functions, subjectivity, the formation of research experience, the formation of professional values and meanings.
Occurrence and characterization of insect galls in two areas of tropical dry forest (caatinga) in São Francisco River Natural Monument, Brazil
Authors: Melo Geissy Anny Batista de , Santos-Silva Juliana
Published: September 2023

The caatinga vegetation is an important natural laboratory for the study of how plants and gall-inducing insects interact in highly variable and stressful moisture regimes. Despite this, only five gall inventories have been conducted and its richness of inducing insects and host plants has been little known. To contribute to our knowledge of galls from caatinga habitats, we registered and characterized the macroscopic aspects of the galls, then identifed the plant hosts and their associated fauna in two areas of caatinga in São Francisco River Natural Monument (MONA). Nineteen morphotypes of galls were recorded on 11 plant belonging to eight genera and six host plant families. Of the total number of galls recorded, most occurred in the rainy season (n=13). Most of the galls are globoid (n=10), pilose (n=10), green (n=15), and isolated (n=12). Most of the gall-inducing insect species found belonged to Diptera (Cecidomyiidae). All morphotypes recorded in this study are the first ones recorded of galls and their host plants in MONA. We also recorded, for the first time, the occurrence of galls in the floral buds of Cnidoscolus obtusifolius Pohl ex Baill. (Euphorbiaceae), demonstrating the importance of conducting studies in areas not yet sampled in the Caatinga biome. It is expected that this study will stimulate future investigations, helping in the protection and conservation of this conservation area and consequently increasing our knowledge about its biodiversity.
Scaling Smart Contracts via Layer-2 Technologies: Some Empirical Evidence
Authors: Cong Lin William , Hui Xiang , Tucker Catherine , Zhou Luofeng
Published: September 2023

Blockchain-based smart contracts can potentially replace certain traditional contracts through decentralized enforcement and reduced transaction costs. However, scalability is a key bottleneck hindering their broader application and adoption, often leading to concentrated or exclusive networks. To avoid falling short of the original promise of the technology, firms actively explore “layer-2” methods for scaling. We provide some initial evidence on the economic implications of a layer-2 scaling solution, which moves information aggregation from on-chain to off-chain peer-to-peer networks. A parallel-system experiment allows clean identification because we observe the same unit in the treatment and control systems at the same time. We find that this scaling solution reduces operating costs by 76%, and importantly, leads to decentralization with lower market concentration and more participation, which in turn improves data accuracy. The findings provide insights on how blockchain and smart contracting technologies evolve toward achieving decentralized and scalable trust.

This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, information systems.

Funding: W. Cong received funding from Ripple’s university blockchain research initiative (UBRI).

Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.00281 .
Parametric optimization for hardness of tig welded duplex stainless steel
Authors: Mondal Sandip , Kumar Bose Goutam
Published: September 2023

Achieving optimal mechanical properties in welding joints hinges on employing precise parametric conditions. This is particularly crucial for Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding of ASTM/UNS 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel (DSS), where attributes like hardness, ultimate tensile strength, and yield strength are paramount. Maintaining high Hardness Value (HV) demands proper welding parameters such as welding current, gas flow rate, and welding speed. To enhance DSS welding quality, especially hardness, this study utilizes the Taguchi method to optimize welding process parameters. The importance of each factor is assessed through Annova statistical analysis. The outcomes highlight the positive impact of parametric optimization on HV, as evidenced by the analysed data. Parametric optimization proves to be a potent approach for refining industrial processes like welding, with particular relevance in TIG welding of duplex stainless steel due to its mechanical robustness and corrosion resistance. Nevertheless, challenges arise due to the material's elevated hardness and low thermal conductivity, resulting in potential defects like cracks and porosity. The identification of optimal welding parameters, encompassing current, voltage, speed, and gas flow rate, helps address these challenges and advances high-quality welds. Through systematic variations and analysis of these parameters, researchers and engineers can pinpoint the optimal combination that mitigates defects while maximizing desired joint attributes. Within the realm of TIG welding of duplex stainless steel, metric optimization holds the potential to elevate welding quality, curtail costs and waste, and heighten productivity and safety. Consequently, organizations can attain enhanced performance, efficiency, and profitability within their welding processes
VR: A Key Enabler of the Metaverse
Authors: Tyler Neil
Published: September 2023

While the metaverse promises an immersive, dynamic 3D space Virtual and Augmented Reality will provide some of the key building blocks for its successful delivery. NEIL TYLER reports
Measurement Technology for a New Revolution
Authors: Edwards Chris
Published: September 2023

Here describes a measurement technology solution that looks to address the needs of quantum computing
Gold Nanoparticles for Enhanced Skin Permeation of a Protein Drug
Authors:   Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand, Singpanna Kanokwan , Pornpitchanarong Chaiyakarn ,   Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand, Patrojanasophon Prasopchai ,   Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand, Rojanarata Theerasak ,   Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand, Ngawhirunpat Tanasait ,   Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand, Pamornpathomkul Boonnada ,   Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand, Opanasopit Praneet ,   Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
Published: September 2023

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) stabilized by citrate ions (Ci-AuNPs) and chitosan (CS-AuNPs) on skin permeation of a protein drug, albumin-fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugate (FITC-BSA). Ci-AuNPs and CS-AuNPs were prepared by the Turkevich method and microwave-assisted method, respectively. The particle size, surface charge, and morphology of the AuNPs were investigated. The skin permeation study through the porcine skin, skin permeation pathway, and the safety of the AuNPs were examined using vertical Franz diffusion cells, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and MTT assay, respectively. AuNPs had a spherical shape with size ranging in a nano-scale (<100 nm). Ci-AuNPs exhibited negatively charged surfaces, while CS-AuNPs were positive. A co-delivery of FITC-BSA with CS-AuNPs showed approximately 3.5-fold greater permeability than the FITC-BSA alone. Interestingly, no significant improvement was observed from Ci-AuNPs co-delivery. The CLSM visualization suggested that the delivery of the model protein was enhanced through the transepidermal pathway. Furthermore, the CS-AuNPs presented no significant cytotoxicity toward normal human fibroblasts. Above all, the developed CS-AuNPs were proposed to be safe and effective nanosystem as a skin permeation enhancer for the transdermal delivery of proteins. Keywords: Gold nanoparticles, Chitosan, Skin permeation enhancer, Protein, Transdermal delivery