bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuimos hermanos. Acuerdos y divergencias de los países de la Unasur frente a la seguridad hemisférica
Authors: Frenkel Alejandro
Published: May 2019

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar los posicionamientos de los Estados miembro de la Unión de Naciones Suramericanas (Unasur) frente al proceso de reforma de los instrumentos hemisféricos de defensa —especialmente, la Junta Interamericana de Defensa (JID)—, en tanto proceso concomitante con la creación del Consejo de Defensa Suramericano (CDS). El estudio parte del proceso de reforma de la JID —que finaliza en 2006 con la reforma del estatuto— para luego centrarse en las iniciativas que, desde 2008 hasta 2012, buscaron limitar la atribución de nuevas funciones a la JID y, al mismo tiempo, poner en tela de juicio la pertinencia del sistema interamericano de defensa en los términos actuales de funcionamiento. Sobre esta base, el artículo pretende ilustrar que los países sudamericanos adoptaron tres posturas diferenciadas frente a los instrumentos interamericanos de seguridad: de apoyo, de resistencia y de acomodamiento.
La Alianza Bolivariana de las Américas: apuntes sobre un nuevo regionalismo
Authors: Lewit Agustín
Published: May 2019

El artículo presenta una descripción coherente y metódica de la génesis, expansión y consolidación de la Alianza Bolivariana de las Américas (ALBA), concebida como un nuevo regionalismo contrahegemónico y contra-capitalista. Se busca demostrar que es la iniciativa más pretenciosa en sus objetivos (anti-imperialistas y anti-capitalistas), más disruptiva en relación con los mecanismos de integración desarrollados en América Latina y El Caribe desde la posguerra y, en particular, bajo el neoliberalismo, y más efectiva por el sustento fáctico que recibe de las múltiples medidas energéticas, comerciales y de inclusión social (Petrocaribe, Banco del ALBA, SUCRE, entre otras). En síntesis, se propone que ALBA ha evidenciado que hay alternativa al capitalismo.
La geopolítica del agua y los desafíos de la integración sudamericana
Authors: Bruckmann Mónica
Published: May 2019

El artículo analiza el proceso de disputa global por el acceso, control y apropiación de los recursos hídricos en el planeta, desde un enfoque geopolítico que articula los intereses mercantilistas de las empresas transnacionales, los intereses estratégicos de los países hegemónicos y los desafíos para el desarrollo de proyectos nacionales y regionales a partir de estrategias soberanas de gestión de los recursos naturales en América Latina.
Cuerpos naturales, cuerpos sociales. La socialización corporal según Erving Goffman
Authors: Fraga Eugenia
Published: May 2019

En el presente trabajo nos interesa indagar en el modo en que la perspectiva microsociológica de Erving Goffman ha pensado el tema del cuerpo. A partir de un detallado análisis conceptual, veremos cómo su obra gira en torno del problema de la socialización de los cuerpos, tema que presupone una preocupación por las asimetrías sociales y que permite establecer una distinción entre la cualidad natural y la cualidad social de la corporalidad humana.
La educación entre diagnósticos y alteraciones genéticas. El cambio de ADN en la educación del Uruguay.
Authors: Craviotto Corbellini Agustina
Published: May 2019

Este artículo propone revisar la reforma de gobierno, llamada “El nuevo ADN de la educación”, como una apuesta más de un gobierno uruguayo de izquierda que articula política y economía, bajo el mecanismo de detectar e intervenir sobre lo viviente. Se analizan algunos discursos contemporáneos de dirigentes y ex-dirigente, donde la educación se metaforiza en términos de organismo, donde neurociencia y capitalismo parecen ser solidarios.
Ciudad Expulsiva: impacto de la dinámica del mercado de alquileres en la generación de pobreza y el desplazamiento de inquilinos en CABA
Authors: Stiglitz Lionel , Muñoz Gervasio
Published: May 2019

La Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires es uno de los aglomerados urbanos que cuenta con una mayor tasa de hogares inquilinos en el país. La etapa recesiva de 2016 nos permite describir esta dinámica expansiva-expulsiva: los hogares de menores ingresos son expulsados hacia villas de la ciudad, el GBA o son obligados a hacinarse con otras familias o generaciones, con precios de alquileres que crecen a un ritmo superior a la inflación y ocupan un alto porcentaje del ingreso familiar. Las estadísticas públicas, tanto las producidas por el INDEC y por la Dirección de Estadísticas de CABA, como se demuestra en el trabajo, no son suficientes para dar cuenta de esta problemática.
TRANSFORMACIONES EN LAS POLÍTICAS SOCIALES DE PROMOCIÓN DE LA ECONOMÍA SOCIAL Y DEL TRABAJO EN LA ECONOMÍA POPULAR EN LA ARGENTINA ACTUAL
Authors: Hopp Malena Victoria
Published: May 2019

El objetivo del artículo es analizar las transformaciones en las políticas sociales a partir de diciembre de 2015. Indagamos los contenidos y fundamentos de los programas implementados por el Ministerio de Desarrollo Social, centrándonos en aquellos destinados al fomento del trabajo cooperativo (2009-2015) y la ruptura que plantea el Salario Social Complementario en diciembre de 2016. Para ello, utilizamos entrevistas, grupos focales y análisis documental. El artículo muestra las disputas por el sentido del trabajo, la política social, la solidaridad y el horizonte político de la construcción de la economía popular, que implican las transformaciones de los programas analizados. En la nueva orientación priman las transferencias de ingresos y el desarrollo de la empleabilidad, desvinculada de espacios de organización colectiva del trabajo, construyendo un enfoque individualista de la sociedad y de las intervenciones sociales del Estado, junto con la reactualización de una concepción filantrópica de la solidaridad.
INTRODUCCION AL DOSSIER “SALUD LABORAL Y GENERO”
Authors: GESAL Grupo de Est. en Salud Amb. y Laboral
Published: May 2019

En este Introducción, se describe brevemente el contenido del Dossier Temático, que presenta el resultado de la Primer Jornada Carolina Muzilli sobre salud laboral y género.
The Disappearing Solar Filament of 2013 September 29 and Its Large Associated Proton Event: Implications for Particle Acceleration at the Sun
Authors: Cliver E. W. , Kahler S. W. , Kazachenko M. , Shimojo M.
Published: May 2019

We present observations of a notable example of a disappearing solar filament (DSF) on 2013 September 29 that was associated with a large solar proton event (SPE) and discuss this event in the context of four recent studies that compare flare and SPE size parameters. The DSF-associated flare was characterized by weak radio and soft X-ray emissions and a low reconnection flux. It was accompanied by a fast coronal mass ejection (CME) and a decametric-hectometric type II burst. We assembled a list of eight such events that are outliers in plots of SPE versus flare size parameters. These events were characterized by weak magnetic field source regions (predominantly DSFs but including one case of a transequatorial loop and another of a decaying active region), fast CMEs, type II bursts with low starting frequencies, high proton yields (ratio of proton intensity to 1 MHz radio fluence), and low high-energy Fe/O ratios. The last of these attributes suggests quasi-parallel shock acceleration. The relationship between SPE and flare size parameters in large (gradual), well-connected proton events can be illustrated by a schematic diagram with three principal regions: (1) a DSF zone of weak flares and large SPEs, (2) a big flare syndrome main sequence of loosely correlated flare and SPE parameters, and (3) a zone of moderate to large flares with no SPEs. The existence of regions 1 and 3 argues against a significant role for flares in large proton events: region 1 implies that flares are not necessary for such SPEs, and region 3 indicates that they are not sufficient.
Antierosive Effect of Topical Fluorides: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of In Situ Studies
Authors: Abdelwahed Ahmed Gamal , Temirek Marwa Mohamed , Hassan Fayez Mohamed
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of the application of topical fluorides in prevention of erosive tooth wear has been an issue of controversy in the literature. The objective of this systematic review was to assess in situ studies investigating the effects of using topical fluorides on prevention of erosive tooth wear
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched. Eligibility criteria included in situ-controlled studies that assessed the effect of the erosive process without additional tooth brushing. The search involved English-written articles only. A total of 684 potentially relevant titles and abstracts were found after removal of duplicates, of which 22 full-text articles were selected. Seventeen studies were included in the qualitative synthesis of which 6 studies included in the meta-analysis. The following data were obtained for each study: authors, year of publication, country, study design, periods of study, duration, blinding, interventions (type/concentration/form), tooth substrate, location of the intraoral appliance, number of samples attached to each appliance, type of acidic media used for erosive challenge, duration of erosive challenge, subjects (number/age/sex), reported side effects -if any-, measuring device, amounts of tissue loss.
RESULTS: The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing the risk of bias. A meta-analysis of the present study was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2.2.048 software.
CONCLUSION: The use of oral hygiene products containing AmF/NaF/SnCl2 or NaF may be effective in the prevention of erosive tooth wear.
The Effect of Acupressure at PC6 and REN12 on Vomiting in Patients Undergoing Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Najjari Seyyed Roohollah , Shareinia Habib , Mojtabavi Seyyed Javad , Mojalli Mohammad
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Inguinal hernia surgery is one of the most commonly performed surgeries with complications such as postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).
AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of acupressure at PC6 and REN 12 points on vomiting of patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a double-blind, randomised clinical trial performed on 60 patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair. Using permutation blocks, patients were allocated in two groups (acupressure at PC6 and REN12 points). After the surgery and full patient consciousness, acupressure was applied on PC6 and REN 12 points separately in each group for 5 minutes; 2, 4 and 6 hours later, acupressure was repeated on those points. Two hours after each acupressure, frequency and severity of vomiting were determined.
RESULTS: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the frequency of vomiting before the intervention and 2 hours after the intervention in the two intervention groups (P ≥ 0.05). Additionally, none of the two intervention groups experienced vomiting at 4, 6, and 8 hours after the intervention.
CONCLUSION: It seems that acupressure at PC6 and REN 12 points are not effective in reducing the frequency and severity of vomiting in patients after inguinal hernia surgery.
The Relationship between Concordance Behaviour with Treatment Compliance and Quality Of Life of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Medan
Authors: Pandia Pandiaman , Syafiuddin Tamsil , Bachtiar Adang , Rochadi Kintoko
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Indonesia is the country with the second highest number of tuberculosis in the world. Patient compliance with tuberculosis treatment is still very low. Thus the success rate of treatment is also unsatisfactory. Concordance behaviour is a model of the doctor-patient relationship that combines aspects of the partnership, sharing decision making and trust. It is considered better than adherence to improve compliance and quality of life in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
AIM: This study aims to assess the relationship between concordance and the level of adherence to pulmonary tuberculosis treatment along with the quality of life in Medan.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 259 tuberculosis patients from several clinics and hospitals in Medan from 2015 to 2017, by asking patients to fill out questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability first. The concordance behaviour questionnaire contains 56 questions covering aspects of knowledge, partnership, sharing decision making, trust, and support. While compliance was measured by 14 questions covering attitude and behaviour. Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-Square test in SPSS v20.
RESULTS: This study shows that most TB patients (75.7%) have a good concordance, in which the aspect of knowledge, partnership, sharing and support were all good. However, the component of trust in the most patient (75.7%) was still low. Based on the level of compliance, 84.2% of patients had good compliance. However, the level of behaviour in 55.2% of patients was still low. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between concordance and compliance (p = 0.009), in which patient with good concordance had 2.6 higher probability for good compliance. However, there was no significant association between concordance and quality of life (p = 0.63).
CONCLUSION: Concordance behaviour is a good concept to be applied to improve treatment compliance of pulmonary TB patients.
The Difference of Fasting Blood Sugar of Male Patients with Schizophrenia Treated with Flexible Dose between Aripiprazole and Risperidone in Medan, Indonesia
Authors: Marni Trisna , Loebis Bahagia , Camellia Vita , Effendy Elmeida , Nasution Nazli Mahdinasari
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Life expectancy among schizophrenic patients is 20% shorter than the general population. Currently, long-term use of antipsychotic drugs can induce metabolic symptoms, including weight gain, glucose intolerance, high blood glucose.
AIM: This research aimed to investigate the fasting blood sugar level of a male patient with schizophrenia treated with flexible dose.
METHODS: This research is an experimental study, unpaired numerical comparative analytic with non-probability consecutive sampling by recruiting 50 research subjects of men with male patients with schizophrenia. Every 25 people were treated with aripiprazole, and another 25 subjects were treated with risperidone. The flexible dose on how doses are equated with bioequivalent doses between aripiprazole and risperidone was applied. Sampling was carried out in the inpatient and outpatient clinic of the psychiatric hospital Prof. Dr M. Ildrem Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia, in a span of 6 months from January 2018 to July 2018. The diagnostic test used a Mini structured interview system International Statistical Classification of Diseases-10 (Mini-ICD 10) and the statistical analysis was involving Mann Whitney U Test.
RESULTS: This research showed the mean of fasting blood sugar level in week 8 in the group receiving treatment with aripiprazole was 88.96 with a standard deviation of 4.33 and in the group receiving risperidone treatment was 102.80 with a standard deviation of 2.92. The results of the analysis using unpaired t-test in the two groups showed a significant difference in fasting blood sugar levels for men with schizophrenia in the group receiving aripiprazole treatment and the group receiving risperidone treatment in week 8 with a value of p < 0.001 (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: This research revealed that based on the equivalence of risperidone and aripiprazole dosage given to the male patients with schizophrenia, the treatment using risperidone can significantly increase the fasting blood sugar level compared to the aripiprazole treatment in week 8.
Cryptosporidium Sp. Findings and Its Symptomatology among Immunocompromised Patients
Authors: Darlan Dewi Masyithah , Rozi Muhammad Fakhrur , Andriyani Yunilda , Yulfi Hemma , Saragih Restuti Hidayani , Nerdy Nerdy
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Cryptosporidium sp. is an apicomplexan protozoa, and it is related to an immunocompromised state. As it develops diverse clinical manifestations, mild to life-threatening conditions, administration of anti-parasitic medication and its management remain problematic.
AIM: The study aimed to provide Cryptosporidiosis symptomatology and its prevalence among HIV-infected patients in a tertiary referral hospital, Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Symptomatology was noted using short-questionnaire, and laboratory findings were obtained from the hospital medical record registry on the same day of admission. We enrolled 24 patients were suffered from HIV infection for a certain period and more than one-week diarrhoea including 18 males and 6 females. Routine faeces examination using wet mount, Kinyoun-gabet, and trichrome staining was performed for all samples in Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia. Numerical data were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney test while Fisher Exact test was used to determine any association between categorical variables.
RESULTS: Our study found that 8 of 24 patients were positive with Cryptosporidium sp. while its symptomatology including abdominal cramp (66.7%), nausea and vomiting (70.8%), and fever (62.5%) is prevalent from our study. We obtained significant association between CD4 cell count (p = 0.006), diarrhea duration (p = 0.007), abdominal pain (p = 0.005), and nausea and vomiting (p = 0.021) with cryptosporidiosis.
CONCLUSION: High consideration of several symptoms related to cryptosporidiosis leads a clinician to initiate prompt management particularly in a high-risk population.
New data on the distribution of lizards in Caucasus
Authors: Doronin Igor V. , Doronina Marina A. , Bekoshvili David
Published: May 2019

New data on the distribution of four species of lizards (Darevskiabrauneri, D.daghestanica, Lacertaagilisioriensis, L.strigata) in the Caucasus are presented.
Clinical Characteristics and Long-term Postoperative Results of Infantile Esotropia and Myopia
Authors: Shauly Yaacov , Miller Benjamin , Meyer Ewy
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To determine the short-term (6 month) and long-term (4 year) surgical results of infantile esotropia in a control group of 100 patients, as compared to a myopia (-2.0 to -5.0 diopters [D]) group of 13 patients and to a high-myopia (greater than -8.0 D) group of 14 patients.

Method: A retrospective chart review with selection according to inclusion criteria.

Results: All 14 high-myopic patients (100%) achieved short-term unacceptable result of large-angle (greater than 20 prism diopters) deviation as compared to 29 (29%) and four (31%) of the patients in the control and myopia groups, respectively (P<0.0001). Eighty (80%) of the patients in the control group and 10 (77%) in the myopia group achieved long-term favorable postoperative results of subnormal binocular vision, microtropia, or small-angle (less than 20 prism diopters) deviation, with no statistical differences between the two groups. In contrast, 10 (71%) of the patients in the high-myopia group achieved a final unacceptable result of large-angle deviation, as compared to 20 (20%) and three (23%) in the control and myopia groups, respectively (P0.0001). Persistent preoperative amblyopia was associated with a higher percentage of unfavorable surgical results and was more frequent in the high-myopia group (50%) as compared to the control group (14%) (P=0.0004).

Conclusions: Careful attention must be directed preoperatively toward reversing amblyopia and correcting refractive errors because persistent amblyopia at the time of surgery was associated with a higher percentage ol unacceptable postoperative large-angle deviation. The conventional amount of recession or resection of muscles should be increased in high-myopic cases with infantile esotropia, because less effect is produced per millimeter of recession/resection initially and, in the longterm, the constant stimulus to accommodative convergence apparently causes recurrent esotropia.
Inflammatory Reaction After Aflibercept Intravitreal Injections Associated With Silicone Oil Droplets Released From Syringes: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Melo Gustavo Barreto , Figueira Ana Carolina Migliorini , Batista Fernanda Aparecida Heleno , Filho Acácio Alves Souza Lima , Rodrigues Eduardo Büchele , Belfort Rubens , Maia Maurício
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To determine factors causing inflammation after intravitreal aflibercept injections.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This case-control study included aflibercept-treated eyes with inflammation post-injection and aflibercept-treated control eyes. Medical records were analyzed to identify contributing factors. Biophysical tests were performed to characterize properties of particle aggregation. Institutional review board approval was obtained.

RESULTS:

Inflammation developed in six eyes; three patients had anterior uveitis, and five had vitreous cells. Oil droplets were seen in all cases. Saldanha Rodrigues (SR) syringes were used in all cases. Among controls, SR and Becton-Dickinson syringes were used in 10 and 17 eyes, respectively. Regression analysis showed an association between SR syringes and inflammation (odds ratio = 21.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.10–425.06;
P
= .043). Biophysical analyses primarily showed aggregation possibly from free oil droplets or protein-oil droplet aggregation.

CONCLUSIONS:

Post-injection inflammation was associated with SR syringes. Silicone oil droplets, especially after syringe agitation, might play a role in the inflammatory reaction.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:288–294.]
Le développement de la nouvelle capitale du Kazakhstan, Astana / Nur-Sultan (1998-2018) : croissance, capitalisation et normalisation
Authors: Thorez Julien
Published: May 2019

Cet article porte sur le développement de la nouvelle capitale du Kazakhstan, Astana / Nur-Sultan. Vingt ans après le transfert du pouvoir, il avance l’idée que la ville connaît, aux échelles locale, nationale et internationale, une phase de normalisation, après avoir été souvent pensée comme un objet urbain insolite, comme une « hétérotopie ». L’article fait l’hypothèse que cette dynamique de normalisation procède de la « capitalisation » de la nouvelle capitale, c’est-à-dire de l’acquisition par Astana / Nur-Sultan des attributs réels ou supposés d’une capitale nationale tels qu’ils sont pensés dans le contexte post-soviétique kazakhstanais. Il identifie plusieurs facteurs — démographique, urbanistique, géographique, symbolique, etc. — contribuant à ce processus qui fait écho à la trajectoire contemporaine de nombreuses capitales récentes (Ankara, Brasilia, Erevan, etc.). Dans ce cadre, il prête une attention particulière à la croissance et à la fabrique de la ville, ainsi qu’à l’articulation entre les dimensions ethnique et politique de l’édification de cette vitrine de la nation kazakhe et de l’État kazakhstanais.
Effect of Grinding-Induced Stress on Interface State Density of SiC/SiO2
Authors: Wang Shi Hai , Wan Cai Ping , Xu Heng Yu , Ao Jin Ping
Published: May 2019

Back-grinding process was applied to the 4H-SiC (0001) epitaxial wafers. We found that the parameters about stress increased after back-grinding process. In our work, the characterization of stress on interface state density (Dit) of SiC/SiO2 was investigated. Furthermore, the absorption of peak frequencies was also observed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy attenuated total reflection (ATR-FTIR) analysis, and the Dit of SiC/SiO2 was obtained by quasi-static capacitance voltage (QSCV) measurement as well as C-φs method. The above results suggested that the Dit increased with the increasing grinding-induced stress.
An Optimized p+ Shielding 4H-SiC Trench Gate MOSFETs Structure with Floating Regions
Authors: Tian Kai , Xia Jing Hua , Qi Jin Wei , Ma Shen Hui , Yang Fei , Zhang An Ping
Published: May 2019

In this paper, an optimized p+ shielding 4H-SiC trench-gate metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (UMOSFETs) structure with floating regions is proposed. The p+ shielding region is moved down to gain a low device on-resistance and the floating regions are designed to improve the breakdown voltage in the proposed structure. Specific on-resistances of the proposed 4H-SiC UMOSFETs is 2.62 mΩ.cm2 at VGS=18 V and VDS=10 V, compared with 4.77 mΩ.cm2 for the conventional p+ shielding UMOSFETs structure with same breakdown voltage. The on-resistance and figure of merit (FOM = VBR2/Ron) improve by 45.1% and 94.2%, respectively.
Research on Performance Contrast between SiC MOSFET and Si IGBT Based on the Converter of Urban Rail Vehicles
Authors: Li Wei Jie , Meng Dong Yi , Chang Yu Jie , Yang Chun , Lv Yi , Diao Li Jun
Published: May 2019

Power electronic devices are the basis of power converters, and excellent device performance improves that of power converters directly. In this paper we take SiC MOSFET CAS120M12BM2 (1200V/ 120A) and Si IGBT FF150R12KE3G (1200V/150A) as examples, which have the same voltage rating, to apply to the converters of urban rail vehicles, whose switching frequency, power density and efficiency are analyzed and contrasted. The results show that the switching frequency of the SiC MOSFET converter can be increased to 50kHz, at the same time its power density and efficiency are significantly higher than that of the Si IGBT converter.
Influence of the Etching Process on the Surface Morphology of 4H-SiC Substrate Used in the Epitaxial Graphene
Authors: Zhao Zhi Fei , Li Yun , Wang Yi , Zhou Ping , Yun Wu , Li Zhong Hui
Published: May 2019

The morphology of the in-situ etching process on Si-face and C-face 4H-SiC, by annealing in a hydrogen environment, is studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The uniform step-terrace morphology of both the Si-face and C-face 4H-SiC is achieved with the assistance of carbon/silicon flux. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of Raman 2D peak for the graphene grown on the uniform step-terrace morphology of the Si-face and C-face is 36.2 and 22 cm-1, respectively.
Measurement of Resistivity of Silicon Carbide by Discharge Time of Equivalent Capacitance of the Sample
Authors: Wang Xin , Tian Lei , Li Jun Sheng , Wang Shi Jin
Published: May 2019

According to the Classical Electrical Theory of Capacitor-to-Resistance Discharge, the Sample of Sic can Be Equivalent to a Parallel Circuit of Resistance and Capacitance. due to the High Resistance of the Wideband-Gap Semiconductors and the Long Discharge Time of the Capacitance, the Samples Resistivity can Be Calculated Manually or by Computer by Applying a Pulse Voltage to the Sample and then Accurately Measuring its Discharge Time. the Measuring Equipment Consists of Sample Stage, Pulse Generator, Charge Converter and Digital Oscilloscope. if High-Speed Data Acquisition Card and Industrial Computer are Used Instead of the Digital Oscilloscope, the Measurement Repeatability can Be Better than 1%, and the Measurement Range is within 104-1012 Ω•cm.
Phase Control of Ga2O3 Thin Films Grown by Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Li Ze Qi , Chen Zi Min , Chen Wei Qu , Wang Gang
Published: May 2019

In this paper, Ga2O3 thin films were grown on c-plane sapphire substrates by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). There was phase transition for samples grown with different flow rates of triethyl-gallium (TEGa) and deionized water (H2O). It is found that ε-Ga2O3 is difficult to coalesce and the phase mixture by β­Ga2O3 takes place if the flow rates of TEGa and H2O are too high. However, by using multiple-step growth method, the film became fully coalesced. High-quality ε-Ga2O3 thin film with atomically flat surface and multilayer morphology was obtained.
Design, Fabrication and Characterization of a 4.5kV / 50A 4H-SiC PiN Rectifiers
Authors: Liu Yue Wei , Yang Rui Xia , Deng Xiao Chuan
Published: May 2019

In this work, a 4.5kV/50A 4H-SiC PiN rectifiers with mesa combined with double-JTE structures is successfully developed for high power applications. Two-dimension numerical device simulator Silvaco-TCAD is applied to optimizing the electrical performance of fabricated rectifiers. Mesa-combined double-JTE structure is utilized to achieve a high blocking voltage with a wider optimum process latitude. A forward current is 50 A at room temperature when SiC PiN device bias 4.1 V, while the maximum blocking voltage achieved is 4.7 kV, reaching up to 86% of parallel-plane junction bulk breakdown.
The Cumulus And Stratocumulus CloudSat-CALIPSO Dataset (CASCCAD)
Authors: Cesana Grégory , Del Genio Anthony D. , Chepfer Hélène
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Low clouds continue to contribute greatly to the uncertainty in cloud feedback estimates. Depending on whether a region is dominated by cumulus (Cu) or stratocumulus (Sc) clouds, the interannual low-cloud feedback is somewhat different in both space-borne and large eddy simulation studies. Therefore, simulating the correct amount and variation of the Cu and Sc cloud distributions could be crucial to predict future cloud feedbacks. Here we document spatial distributions and profiles of Sc and Cu clouds derived from Cloud-Aerosols Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) and CloudSat measurements. For this purpose, we create a new dataset called the Cumulus And Stratocumulus CloudSat-CAlipso Dataset (CASCCAD). To separate the Cu from Sc, we design an original method based on the cloud height, horizontal extent and vertical variability, which is applied to both CALIPSO and combined CloudSat-CALIPSO observations. First, the choice of parameters used in the discrimination algorithm is investigated and validated in selected Cu, Sc and and Sc-Cu transition case studies. Then, the global statistics are compared against those from existing passive and active-sensor satellite observations. Our results indicate that the cloud optical thickness –as used in passive-sensor observations– is not a sufficient parameter to discriminate Cu from Sc clouds, in agreement with previous literature. On the contrary, classifying Cu and Sc clouds based on their geometrical shape leads to spatial distributions consistent with prior knowledge of these clouds, from ground-based, shipbased and field campaigns. Furthermore, we show that our method improves existing Sc-Cu classification by using additional information on cloud height and vertical cloud fraction variation. Finally, the CASCCAD datasets provide a basis to evaluate shallow convection (Cu) and boundary layer (Sc) clouds on a global scale in climate models and potentially improve our understanding of low-level cloud feedbacks. The CASCCAD dataset (Cesana, 2019, DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2667637) is available on the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) website at https://data.giss.nasa.gov/clouds/casccad/ and on zenodo website at https://zenodo.org/record/2667637 .
A methodology based on numerical models for enhancing the
resilience to flooding induced by levee breaches in lowland areas
Authors: Ferrari Alessia , Dazzi Susanna , Vacondio Renato , Mignosa Paolo
Published: May 2019

Abstract. With the aim of improving resilience to flooding and increasing preparedness to face levee breach-induced inundations, this paper presents a methodology to create a wide database of numerically simulated flooding scenarios due to embankment failures, applicable to any lowland area protected by river levees. The analysis of the detailed spatial and temporal flood data obtained from these hypothetical scenarios is expected to contribute both to the development of civil protection planning, and to immediate action during a possible future flood event (comparable to one of the available simulations in the database), for which a real-time simulation may not be feasible. The most relevant criteria concerning the choice of the mathematical model, the grid resolution, the hydrological conditions, the breach parameters and locations are discussed in detail. Results of the application of the proposed methodology to a 1,100 km2-pilot area in Northern Italy are presented. The creation of a wide database for the study area is made possible thanks to the adoption of a GPU-accelerated shallow water numerical model, which guarantees a great computational efficiency (ratios of physical to computational time up to 80) even for high-resolution meshes (2.5–5 m) and large domains.
Banco de Preguntas: una estrategia para el desarrollo lectoescritor en la educación superior
Authors: Tovar Aguirre Alexander
Published: May 2019

Ante las limitaciones en lectoescritura que se reportan en estudiantes de educación superior, este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar los alcances del Banco de Preguntas, una herramienta diseñada para guiar de forma sistemática el desarrollo del lectoescritor competente en la universidad. Basado en un enfoque sociocultural del desarrollo psicológico, el Banco de Preguntas retoma una práctica cotidiana del salón de clase y la transforma en un dispositivo pedagógico que regula la construcción de competencias en lectura y escritura a través de diferentes niveles de complejidad. En este estudio, de carácter cualitativo descriptivo, se exploran los efectos subjetivos del Banco de Preguntas en la formación lectoescritora de 24 estudiantes universitarios. Al finalizar el semestre académico cada participante fue instruido a realizar una reflexión escrita sobre su experiencia personal con el uso de la herramienta. El análisis de contenido de estos documentos indica que el uso del Banco de Preguntas favorece la emergencia de un lector más activo, estimula el desarrollo de habilidades metacognitivas y consolida formas de relación profesor-estudiante dinámicas y democráticas en el aula.
Vision 2030 of Cloud Enterprise Resource Planning Systems (CERPS) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlGhazzawi Nooradeen Adel , Katooa Nouf Essam
Published: May 2019

Saudi businesses rely on effective data management to trade along their internal and external supply (value) chains and must continually monitor and upgrade legacy data systems. To understand these processes, this study explores the experiences of six diverse Saudi firms as case studies: an air transport data system, vertical integration of global firms' subsidiaries, a value chain system, and entrepreneurs taking advantage of cloud opportunities. Rather than following the literature in focusing on the decision making steps to upgrade organizational data-based resources, this research considers how the firms integrated cloud technologies with their existing or new business models. The case studies were conducted post-implementation of cloud data projects to qualitatively assess the expectations of owners and executives of firms from their initiatives.Overall, the findings were that firms' experiences when online resulted in better integration with upstream international suppliers, greater cost control, and adapted and new business model advantages. Of the cases, two retailers and an intermediary/retail stationer used their new cloud-based data resources by expanding to online sales platforms. The largest firm was able to use its industry leadership to develop online data integration with firms through its value chains. The remaining firms were more circumspect. The data infrastructure firm merely formed a cloud sibling company to enhance its core business. The airline's industry data provider moved all its clients to cloud services, and the wholesaler similarly agreed to contract with its value chain's digital provider.This paper is presented as an introduction including the purpose of the study, a short literature review, methodology, results, comparative analysis, and conclusions. There was insufficient opportunity to provide a detailed discussion placing the cases into previous findings, although this empirical study is focussed on cloud migration outcomes rather than change factors.
The Impact of Public Health Policy on Labor Force Participation in Paksitan: A Bound Test Approuch
Authors: Khaliq Adnan
Published: May 2019

The main objectives of the current study to examine and forecast the short and long run nexus of public health policy on the labor force participation. Current study select eight indicators for the in depth measurement of public health policy in Pakistan. Moreover, the study relies on time series data which was collected from the World development indicator (WDI) and Pakistan bureau of statistics for the period of forty five years (1972-2016). This helped in providing comprehensive description of the labor force participation. The study used auto regressive distributed lagged (ARDL) and Bound test for the short and long run relationship. In addition, the study also used cumulative sum of residuals (CUSUM) and cumulative sum of squared of residuals (CUSUMSQ) for the stability of finding. Result of the study presents that most of the explanatory indicators have significant short and long run relationship with the labor force participation of the country. Specifically, age dependency, health expenditure, secondary school enrollment, trade openness and gross capital formation are the most prevalent factors influencing the labor force supply of the country. Moreover, finding of the current study is confirmed through stability tests like CUSUM and CUSUMSQ. The study provides in depth information for the policy maker to design policy in favor of peoples in order to maximize the labor force and increase the economic development of the country.
Evaluation of Nodular Splenic Lesions in 370 Small-Breed Dogs (<15 kg)
Authors: Fernandez Steven , Lang Jennifer M. , Maritato Karl C.
Published: May 2019

Three hundred seventy small-breed dogs (<15 kg) undergoing splenectomy for the presence of nodular splenic lesions were evaluated in a retrospective study to assess associations with breeds, malignancy, hemoperitoneum, and median survival time compared with previous studies. Data analyzed included signalment, histopathologic diagnosis, presence or absence of hemoperitoneum, breed associations, and survival times. In the current study, 44% (163/370) of dogs had nonneoplastic splenic lesions and 56% (207/370) had neoplastic lesions. Hemangiosarcoma was present in 27% (100/370) of splenic lesions. Hemoperitoneum was present in 31% (115/370) of dogs, and of this population, 66% (76/115) had malignant splenic lesions. The most common breeds were miniature schnauzers, dachshunds, and beagles, with beagles exhibiting a positive association with malignancy. The presence of hemoperitoneum was associated with malignancy. Distribution for nodular splenic lesions, correlation of hemoperitoneum to malignancy, and median survival time were similar to previous reports in large-breed dogs. Small-breed dogs who present with hemoperitoneum are 2.6 times more likely to have a diagnosis of a malignant splenic lesion. The most common small-breed dogs with nodular splenic lesions were miniature schnauzers, dachshunds, and beagles. Beagles and small-breed terriers were more likely to have malignant splenic lesions, and small-breed terriers were more likely to present with hemoperitoneum.
Educación vial durante el franquismo. Memoria de los primeros parques infantiles de tráfico en Mallorca (1962-1975)
Authors: Barceló Bauzà Gabriel , Gelabert Gual Llorenç
Published: May 2019

La coyuntura de cierto crecimiento económico que se vislumbraba en España entre finales de los años cincuenta y principios de los sesenta del siglo pasado ejerció, en mayor o menor medida, influjo en el ámbito educativo. Prueba de ello fue la introducción en la escuela de nuevos contenidos curriculares como la educación vial, que empezó a ocupar un espacio en el horario escolar. Este artículo presenta una aproximación a los parques infantiles de tráfico, unos espacios creados con la intención de inculcar hábitos de seguridad vial a través de prácticas reales y que resultaban complementarias a la formación teórica que se impartía en el aula. Los niños haciendo prácticas en el rol de conductores de vehículos, peatones o guardias de tráfico fueron algunas de las actividades más características. En esta ocasión nos centramos en los parques creados en Mallorca, un territorio insular que en el último tercio del siglo pasado soportó un aumento significativo del tráfico rodado, debido  rincipalmente al incremento poblacional fruto del boom turístico y de una coyuntura de fuerte expansión económica. Para elaborar un inventario de los parques  existentes y realizar el análisis de su legado y aportaciones, hemos accedido a toda una serie de fuentes —escritas, orales y gráficas— que nos han permitido aportar datos e informaciones del contexto en que fueron creados, de las personas encargadas de impulsarlos, así como de la importancia de su implementación en los auspicios de un nuevo paradigma educativo.
Fotos encontradas en el archivo. Aproximaciones al trabajo con imágenes a propósito de un álbum amateur sobre juegos infantiles (Argentina, fines del siglo XIX) / Photos found in the archive. An approximation to the work with images based on an amateur album about children’s games (Argentina, end of the 19th century)
Authors: Dussel Inés
Published: May 2019

El artículo presenta un estudio de una serie de fotos sobre juegos infantiles que se encuentra en el Archivo General de la Nación de Argentina. Parte del fondo de la Sociedad Fotográfica Argentina de Aficionados, activa entre 1889 y 1925, el álbum se compone de 77 imágenes de inusual calidad que presentan grupos heterogéneos de niños en espacios diversos en distintos juegos. Las fotos contienen escasa información sobre cómo fueron producidas, pero la investigación y análisis detallados revela distintos aspectos sobre la producción de imágenes de infancia en esa época. El texto presenta en primer lugar algunas consideraciones generales sobre el soporte fotográfico y sus postulados epistémicos como documentos históricos. En segundo lugar aborda la biografía social de estas fotografías, buscando indagar en la información disponible en sus inscripciones peritextuales para precisar sus condiciones de producción, autoría y circulación. A continuación, se introduce el análisis de algunos de los contenidos de estas imágenes, especialmente en relación a cómo estas imágenes, por sus opciones estéticas, colaboran en producir una nueva iconografía sobre la infancia. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre las demandas éticas del trabajo con la fotografía, invitando a un estudio en profundidad que permita singularizarlas y que contribuya a redefinir otras políticas de archivo y de memoria en la historia de la educación.
Giner i la Institución Libre de Enseñanza desde Catalunya. Cent anys després de la mort de Francisco Giner de los Ríos (1835-1915)
Authors: Otero Urtaza Eugenio
Published: May 2019

Reseña del libro Isabel Vilafranca y Conrad Vilanou (eds.). Giner i la Institución Libre de Enseñanza desde Catalunya. Cent anys després de la mort de Francisco Giner de los Ríos (1835-1915). (Barcelona: Universitat de Barcelona, 2017)
Uçucu Yağlar Kullanılarak Antibakteriyel Selülozik Membranların Üretilmesi
Authors: AYDIN Yaşar Andelib
Published: May 2019

Bu
çalışmada, Laurus nobilis, Oregano ve Cinnamomum zeylanicum bitkilerinden hidrodistilasyon yoluyla elde
edilen uçucu yağlar kullanılarak Gluconacetobacter
hansenii P2A (KUEN 1606) tarafından sentezlenen bakteriyel selüloz (BC) membranlara
antimikrobiyel özellik kazandırılması hedeflenmiştir. Uçucu yağların analizi
gaz kromatografisi kütle spektrometresi (GC-MS) kullanılarak
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda L.
nobilis, Oregano ve Cinnamomum zeylanicum uçucu yağlarının temel
bileşenleri sırasıyla, 1,8-cineole (%63.7), carvacrol (%64.5) ve cinnamaldehyde
(%80.9) olarak belirlenmiştir. BC membranlar, %1-12 (v/v) uçucu yağ içeren
çözeltiler ile temas ettirilmiş ve daha sonra disk difüzyon tekniği ile Staphylococcus aerus (ATCC 25923, Gram
pozitif) ve Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(ATCC 27853, Gram negatif) bakterilerine karşı etkinlikleri araştırılmıştır.
Sonuçlar, L. nobilis uçucu yağı yüklenmiş
BC membranların S. aerus'a karşı
etkin olmadığını, P. aeruginosa'ya
karşı ise ancak %8'in üzerindeki derişimlerde zayıf etki göstererek yarıçapı 2
mm'ye varan inhibisyon bölgeleri oluşturabildiğini göstermiştir. Öte yandan, Oregano ve C. zeylanicum uçucu yağları ile yüklenmiş biyofilmler yarıçapı
sırasıyla 13 mm ve 16 mm'ye varan inhibisyon bölgeleri oluşturarak her iki patojene
karşı da yüksek etkinlik göstermişlerdir.
ИСТОРИЈА И АРХИТЕКТУРА СРПСКЕ ПРАВОСЛАВНЕ ЦРКВЕ У БРОДЦУ КОД БИЈЕЉИНЕ (1882–1884)
Authors: БОЖИЋ ЈЕЛЕНА
Published: May 2019

У овом се раду говори о историји и архитектури српске пра-вославне цркве Св. архангела Михаила у Бродцу код Бијељине, која је саграђе-на 1884. године. Посебно занимљиво својство овог храма су два звоника на главном прочељу. Квалитетна структура и техника градње, величина и про-страност, указују на вјерску заједницу добро организовану за њену изградњу. Спољашњост ове неокласичне масивне грађевине представља класичну савр-шеност својим чистим, елегантним линијама и редукованом архитектонском декорацијом. Својим духовним, историјским, умјетничким, архитектонским и друштвеним значајем, црква представља јединствено и репрезентативно умјет-ничко остварење. Налази се на Привременој листи националних споменика Босне и Херцеговине.
ЖЕНСКА СТРУЧНА ШКОЛА У САРАЈЕВУ (1913–1941)
Authors: ПИЈУК-ПЕЈЧИЋ АЛЕКСАНДРА
Published: May 2019

У опште лошим образовним приликама за женски дио популације какве су владале у Босни и Херцеговини почетком XX вијека, у Сарајеву је отворена Женска стручна школа која је оспособљавала дјевојке у шивању рубља и кројењу хаљина. У неразвијеном друштву у којем је образовање дјевојчица било ограничено, интересовање за ову школу било је велико. У раду је анализирано дјеловање Школе од њеног оснивања 1913. до 1941. године, наставни предмети, наставни кадар, смјештајни простор школе и њен значај. Наведени су статистички подаци о ученицама по школским годинама.
ТЕРОР И ЗЛОЧИНИ АУСТРОУГАРСКЕ НАД СРБИМА У БОСНИ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНИ 1914–1918.
Authors: СТАНИЋ МИЛЕ
Published: May 2019

У раду је указано на злочине забележене у ''Сарајевском листу'' и ''Српској зори'' које је Аустроугарска спровела против Срба у Босни и Херцеговини од 1914. до 1918.
ПРОТОСИНЂЕЛ ВАСИЛИЈЕ СТРИЉЧЕК
Authors: ЈОВИЋ ПЛАТОН
Published: May 2019

Протосинђел Василије Стриљчек био је православни све-штеник, мисионар и подвижник, који је већи дио пастирског живота провео на територији Бањалучке епархије служећи Богу, својим сународницима Украјин-цима и српском народу. Рођен је и одрастао у Украјини, школовао се у Риму, у Сремским Карловцима постао је свештеник, мисионарио у Прњаворском срезу међу Украјинцима, подвизавао се у Манастиру Гомионица, упокојио се у Бања-луци, а сахрањен је у Хрваћанима. До сада је о њему врло мало писано и о њему се веома мало зна, прије свега због идеологије која је до деведесетих година прошлог вијека владала на овим просторима, а чији је противник био отац Василије. Овим чланком, који је настао на основу архивске грађе из чети-ри црквене архиве, почињемо да освјетљујемо његову личност и да је изводимо на видјело, чиме обиљежавамо и шездесету годишњицу његовог упокојења.
Хрваћани (1941–1945)
Authors: РАИЛИЋ OСТОЈА
Published: May 2019

Аутор је покушао указати на неке од најзначајнијих догађа-ја и процеса који су се догодили на територији административног седишта иближе околине предратне Општине Хрваћани од 1941. до 1945. године.* Ураду је, после уводног осврта на изворе и историографију, историјски и гео-графски положај, прошлост Хрваћана приказана кроз неколико сегмената (првимесеци власти Независне Државе Хрватске и усташког покрета у Хрваћанима;устаници у Хрваћанима; ''Никољдански покољ'' и жртве; идеолошко-политичкисукоб и долазак нове власти). Наведене целине аутор је посматрао као локалнеодразе општих процеса и догађаја у то време, а и специфичне карактеристикемикропростора.
ОДЛУКА ВЕЛИКЕ НАРОДНЕ СКУПШТИНЕ СРПСКОГ НАРОДА У ЦРНОЈ ГОРИ, ДОНЕТА НА СЕДНИЦИ ОД 13. НОВЕМБРА 1918. У ПОДГОРИЦИ
Authors: ПЕТРОВИЋ НАДА
Published: May 2019

Ове, 2018. године, навршава се 100 година од тзв. Подгоричке скупшти-не, односно уједињења Краљевине Србије и Краљевине Црне Горе. Оригиналан текст Одлуке Велике Народне скупштине српског народа у Црној Гори, донете на седници 13/26. новембра 1918. у Подгорици, чува се у Архиву Југославије у збирци Др Војислав Јовановић Маранбо (АЈ–335–5).