bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La organización de jornadas en el aula académica: Innovación docente y Compromiso Social Universitario
Authors: Ruiz-Bejarano Aurora María , García Cheikh-Lahlou Enrique Alastor
Published: June 2018

El presente artículo aborda una experiencia llevada a cabo en la Universidad de Cádiz, la cual se contextualiza dentro de la convocatoria 2017/2018 de Actuaciones Avaladas para la Mejora Docente de la misma universidad en donde se aprobó el proyecto El alumnado ante la producción del conocimiento. Organización de las jornadas sobre infancias, ciudadanía y escuela. Por medio de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje del aula académica, el proyecto pretende sensibilizar al alumnado universitario en las necesidades, los derechos y las responsabilidades de la infancia. Asimismo, dentro del campo de la Responsabilidad Social Universitaria, persigue introducir al estudiantado en una de las vías que ofrece la Universidad para intervenir en materia de infancia: la organización de unas jornadas sobre ciudadanía, infancias y educación para la paz y la no violencia. De esta forma, el proyecto supone una estrategia de innovación docente que vincula la transferencia del conocimiento, la dimensión ética académica y el compromiso social universitario. Este artículo presenta la estructura organizativa de la propuesta en un aula del Grado en Educación Infantil.
Implementing University Social Responsibility in the Caribbean: Perspectives of Internal Stakeholders
Authors: Gomez Lina M. , Alvarado Naveira Yanitzary , Pujols Bernabel Aileen
Published: June 2018

University Social Responsibility (USR) is the ethical and transparent management of the administrative, educational, cognitive and social processes carried out by a higher education institution. More and more universities are practicing USR not only in Latin America but also in the United States and Europe, in order to reduce the negative impacts their daily operations can have on different stakeholders and on a macro level on society, the economy, and the environment. However, despite existing knowledge in the implementation of USR in Latin America and the Caribbean, there are few empirical studies that analyze the positions of diverse internal stakeholders regarding USR practices mainly in the Caribbean. Therefore, this study analyzes the perspectives of the internal stakeholders in social responsibility initiatives and processes at a private university in Puerto Rico. A total of 533 participants (356 students, 99 administrative staff, and 78 faculty members) were interviewed and were given a questionnaire, which evaluated the following areas: responsible campus, professional and citizenship education, social knowledge management, and social participation. Overall, the internal stakeholders’ perceptions were consistent among the three groups. It can be observed that the various internal stakeholders are aware of what it means—in theory, and in practice—, to be a socially-responsible university, although they also recognize opportunities for improvement and future challenges regarding USR. The results of this study contribute to the literature, to the application of conceptual models—mainly from the perspectives of internal stakeholders—and to the importance of evaluating USR practices.
Diseño de Serious Game para la enseñanza de la Responsabilidad Social en la Educación Superior
Authors: Rodríguez Carranza Yemsi Vania
Published: June 2018

La gestión de la responsabilidad social universitaria exige la transversalización de contenidos sobre desarrollo sostenible y responsabilidad social en el campo académico. En tal sentido, la presente experiencia pedagógica explora el diseño de un serious game como herramienta pedagógica para obtener un conocimiento aproximado y realista de los conceptos relacionados con la responsabilidad social, planteando el esbozo de procesos de historización, referenciación y explicación para el diseño de juegos educativos de responsabilidad social orientado a estudiantes de pregrado. Se discute su potencial como plataforma de desarrollo de la creatividad para la innovación sostenible en los estudiantes y sus posibilidades como método de evaluación de adquisición de conocimiento de la responsabilidad social.
Contribuições e desafios da Teoria Ator-Rede para o estudo da metamídia
Authors: Satuf Ivan
Published: June 2018

O artigo discute a pertinência epistemológica e metodológica da Teoria Ator-Rede para compreensão do ecossistema midiático contemporâneo a partir das noções de “metamídia” e “softwarização da cultura” presentes na obra de Lev Manovich. O trabalho debate a expansão de conexões híbridas geradoras de coletivos performativos e instáveis para refletir sobre as potencialidades e os riscos derivados da aplicação do princípio da “simetria generalizada” aos estudos sobre metamídia.
Persistent Hot Spot Detection and Characterisation Using SLSTR
Authors: Caseiro Alexandre , Ruecker Gernot , Tiemann Joachim , Leimbach David , Lorenz Eckehard , Frauenberger Olaf , Kaiser Johannes W.
Published: June 2018

Gas flaring is a disposal process widely used in the oil extraction and processing industry. It consists in the burning of unwanted gas at the tip of a stack and due to its thermal characteristic and the thermal emission it is possible to observe and to quantify it from space. Spaceborne observations allows us to collect information across regions and hence to provide a base for estimation of emissions on global scale. We have successfully adapted the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Nightfire algorithm for the detection and characterisation of persistent hot spots, including gas flares, to the Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer (SLSTR) observations on-board the Sentinel- satellites. A hot event at temperatures typical of a gas flare will produce a local maximum in the night-time readings of the shortwave and mid-infrared (SWIR and MIR) channels of SLSTR. The SWIR band centered at 1.61 mmis closest to the expected spectral radiancemaximumand serves as the primary detection band. The hot source is characterised in terms of temperature and area by fitting the sum of two Planck curves, one for the hot source and another for the background, to the radiances from all the available SWIR, MIR and thermal infra-red channels of SLSTR. The flaring radiative power is calculated from the gas flare temperature and area. Our algorithm differs from the original VIIRS Nightfire algorithm in three key aspects: (1) It uses a granule-based contextual thresholding to detect hot pixels, being independent of the number of hot sources present and their intensity. (2) It analyses entire clusters of hot source detections instead of individual pixels. This is arguably a more comprehensive use of the available information. (3) The co-registration errors between hot source clusters in the different spectral bands are calculated and corrected. This also contributes to the SLSTR instrument validation. Cross-comparisons of the new gas flare characterisation with temporally close observations by the higher resolution German FireBIRD TET-1 small satellite and with the Nightfire product based on VIIRS on-board the Suomi-NPP satellite show general agreement for an individual flaring site in Siberia and for several flaring regions around the world. Small systematic differences to VIIRS Nightfire are nevertheless apparent. Based on the hot spot characterisation, gas flares can be identified and flared gas volumes and pollutant emissions can be calculated with previously published methods.
Comparison of the Properties of Activated Carbons Produced in a One-Stage and a Two-Stage Process
Authors: Bergna Davide , Varila Toni , Romar Henrik , Lassi Ulla
Published: June 2018

Activated carbons can be produced from biomass in a thermal process either in a direct carbonization-activation process or by first carbonizing the biomass and later on activating the biochars into activated carbons. The properties of the ACs are dependent on the type of process used for production. In this study, the properties of activated carbons produced in a one-stage and a two-stage process are considered. Activated carbons were produced by physical activation of two types of starting materials, bio chars produced from spruce and birch chips in a commercial carbonization plant and from the corresponding raw chips. The activated carbons produced were characterized regarding specific surfaces, pore volumes and pore size distributions. The un-activated bio chars had some degree of surface area 190 and 140 m2g-1 for spruce and birch and pore volumes of 0.067 and 0.092 cm3g-1. According to the results obtained, two slightly different types of activated carbons are produced depending if a one-stage or a two-stage carbonization and activation process is used. The ACs produced in the one-stage process had higher specific surface areas compared to the ones produced in a two-stage process (761-940 m2g-1 vs. 540-650 m2g-1) . In addition, total pore volumes were higher in one-stage process but development of micropores is greater compared to two-stage process. There was no significant difference in total carbon content between one-stage and two-stage process.
Time Series Forecasting Using a Two-level Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm: A Case Study of Maintenance Cost Data for Tunnel Fans
Authors: Al-Douri Yamur K. , Hamodi Hussan , Lundberg Jan
Published: June 2018

The aim of this study has been to develop a novel two-level multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize time series forecasting data for fans used in road tunnels by the Swedish Transport Administration (Trafikverket). Level 1 is for the process of forecasting time series cost data, while level 2 evaluates the forecasting. Level 1 implements either a multi-objective GA based on the ARIMA model or a multi-objective GA based on the dynamic regression model. Level 2 utilises a multi-objective GA based on different forecasting error rates to identify a proper forecasting. Our method is compared with using the ARIMA model only. The results show the drawbacks of time series forecasting using only the ARIMA model. In addition, the results of the two-level model show the drawbacks of forecasting using a multi-objective GA based on the dynamic regression model. A multi-objective GA based on the ARIMA model produces better forecasting results. In level 2, five forecasting accuracy functions help in selecting the best forecasting. Selecting a proper methodology for forecasting is based on the averages of the forecasted data, the historical data, the actual data and the polynomial trends. The forecasted data can be used for life cycle cost (LCC) analysis.
Exploring High-Symmetry Lanthanide-Functionalized Polyoxopalladates as Building Blocks for Quantum Computing
Authors: Baldoví José J. , Kondinski Aleksandar
Published: June 2018

The structural, electronic and magnetochemical properties of the star-shaped polyoxopalladate [Pd15O10(SeO3)10]10− (POPd) and its lanthanide functionalized derivatives have been investigated on the basis of density functional theory followed by a ligand field analysis using the Radial Effective Charge (REC) model. Our study predicts that heteroPOPd is a robust cryptand that enforces D5h symmetry around the encapsulated Ln3+ centers. This rigid coordination environment favors interesting potential magnetic behavior in the Er and Ho derivatives, which may be of interest for molecular spintronics and quantum computing applications.
Effect of Prebloom Pruning on 13C and 15N Distribution during Early Spring in Sweet Cherry
Authors: Ayala Marlene , Mora Lorena , Torreblanca Joaquín
Published: June 2018

In sweet cherry, highly advanced dwarf combinations using ‘Gisela’ rootstocks promote higher productivity than do more vigorous combinations but require maintaining the leaf area to fruit area (LA:F) ratio. An experiment using double isotopic enrichment with 13C and 15N was carried out in 5-year-old ‘Bing’/‘GI 6’ trees in a commercial orchard located in Santa Cruz, Chile (34°39′S; 71°19′W), and characterized by a Mediterranean climate. Forty whole sweet cherry trees (TR1) trained as central axes were pruned in winter [July 20, 60 days before full bloom (DBFB)] and another 40 trees were left without pruning (TR2). A single 13CO2 pulse and 15N-urea application to the mature leaves of individual 4-year-old branches on trees of both TRs was carried out during stage III (SIII). Winter pruning reduced yield by 44%, improved fruit quality [i.e., size, weight, and soluble solids content (SSC)] and induced the growth of extension shoots (ES) (i.e., number, length, and LA). For both TRs, fruits were stronger sinks for 13C-photoassimilates and 15N than were ES. ES of pruned trees had higher sink strength than ES of unpruned trees. Pruned trees developed more ES that were longer and that had higher LA compared with the ES of unpruned trees.
Effect of Exogenous Salicylic Acid on the Physiological and Biochemical Processes of Ligustrum lucidum during Natural Cold Acclimation
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhang Runfang , Leng Pingsheng , Hu Zenghui , Shen Man
Published: June 2018

The evergreen Ligustrum lucidum (glossy privet) suffers from freezing injury in northern China, where there are short growing seasons and early fall frost events. To investigate the influence of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) application on the natural cold acclimation of glossy privet, physiological and biochemical changes in glossy privet seedlings subjected to SA treatments at four concentrations (0, 150, 250, and 350 mg·L−1) were evaluated from Sept. to Dec. 2016. The optimum application concentrations were between 250 and 350 mg·L−1, which led to better freezing tolerance during natural cold acclimation. The improved freezing tolerance under exogenous SA application was associated with the accumulation of chlorophyll, proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar, and the regulations of gibberellic acid (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA). Salicylic acid treatments started a cascade of steps for advancing the cold acclimation process of glossy privet. We suggest that exogenous SA application may be used on glossy privet grown in northern China.
Growth, Development, and Chemical Constituents of Edible Ice Plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) Produced under Combinations of Light-emitting Diode Lights
Authors: Weeplian Thitipat , Yen Tsair-Bor , Ho Yunn-Shy
Published: June 2018

To investigate the effects of light treatments on the growth morphology and chemical constituents of Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. plants, red (R), blue (B), far red (Fr), and white (W) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were configured to provide different combinations of light spectra and photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFDs). In Expt. 1, five light spectra of red/white (RW), red/white/far red (RWFr), red/white/high-intensity far red (RWFrD), red/blue (RB), and red/blue/far red (RBFr) were set up in two 3-layered racks with circulating hydroponic systems. In each light spectrum treatment, the distance between the LED lamps and the transplanting board was regulated to provide low PPFD and high PPFD treatments. In Expt. 2, the effect of Fr was further investigated in plants in the early and late growth stages. RWFr light was modified by covering the Fr lamps to become red/white without far red (RW−Fr) light during the early growth stage, and then removing the covers to provide the Fr spectrum red/white with far red (RW+Fr) during the later growth stage. This study suggested that high PPFD was not beneficial for promoting plant growth in any light spectrum treatment. Among light spectrum treatments at a PPFD of 215 ± 15 μmol·m−2·s−1, RW light produced higher vegetative growth. In the late growth stage, RW and RB combined with Fr light promoted reproductive growth, antioxidant activities, and secondary compounds, such as phenolic compounds, pinitol accumulation, and betacyanins. Therefore, RW (227 μmol·m−2·s−1), RW−Fr (162 μmol·m−2·s−1), and RB (162 μmol·m−2·s−1) are suggested for the early growth stage to promote vegetative growth. Then additional Fr light can be applied in addition to RW for secondary metabolite induction in the late growth stage.
Biostimulant Activity of Trichoderma saturnisporum in Melon (Cucumis melo)
Authors: Fernando Diánez , Milagrosa Santos , Francisco Carretero , Francisco Marín
Published: June 2018

Trichoderma-based biostimulants are considered the most effective plant growth–promoting fungi. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of two Trichoderma saturnisporum isolates on the growth promotion of melon (Cucumis melo) seeds and seedlings as well as their effect on the performance of the cantaloupe “Charentais” melon crop cultivar Gandalf cultivated under a typical parral-type greenhouse. For these purposes, germination trials and two experiments were performed in a commercial nursery, conventional system, and large plant system. Two experiments were also established for 2 years (two crop cycles) in a commercial greenhouse in Almería, Spain. In addition, we evaluated the influence of these isolates (T1 and T2) on the Charentais melon yield and quality. High values for seedling vigor and root length were obtained by T. saturnisporum T1 (93.50%) and T2 (93.75%) against control (62%). Trichoderma saturnisporum T1 and T2 increased the quality of plants in conventional system and large plant system and can be considered as biostimulant. Trichoderma saturnisporum treatments resulted in significantly larger crop productivity without a negative effect on the fruit quality parameters. Melon productivity increased in T. saturnisporum treatments T1 (13.99%) and T2 (16.04%), while at the same time increases the average fruit weight up to 7.71% for T2 isolate. Trichoderma saturnisporum act as biostimulants for nursing and commercial melon crops without negative effects on fruit quality. This is the first report describing T. saturnisporum as a potential crop yield promoter.
Inheritance and Molecular Mapping of Tight-placenta Gene and Seed Traits in Chinese Hami Melon ‘Queen’
Authors: Ning Xuefei , Wang Xianlei , Yu Zhijie , Lu Simeng , Li Guan
Published: June 2018

Hami melon ‘Queen’ (Cucumis melo ssp. melo var. ameri Pangalo) is the most widely cultivated and exported type of melon in Xinjiang Province, Northwest China. We previously found the unique traits of Hami melon ‘Queen’ for wave seeds and tight-placenta fruits. An analysis of the inheritance showed that these traits were controlled by two recessive genes wave seed (ws) gene and tight-placenta (tp) gene, respectively. Here, to identify these two traits and melon seed–related traits, segregation populations including BC1 and F2 derived from a cross between ‘Queen’ (P1) and MR-1 (P2) were used as mapping populations. Eighty-seven simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used in map construction of BC1P1 population, and as a result, ws and tp were identified on linkage group 1. Analysis of quantitative trait locus (QTL) referring seed traits showed that QTL ss1.1 for seed shape (SS) and QTL sl1.1 for seed length (SL) were located at LG 1, supported by likelihood of odds (LODs) of 15.6 and 13.4, respectively, and both linked with ws. Subsequently, the genetic linkage and parental re-sequence analysis were constructed for fine mapping ws and tp. Genetic analysis showed that ws and tp were located in CM3.5_scaffold00060 on LG 1, flanked by InDelchr1-3241 and InDelchr1-3233. The 80.9-kb physical distance of this region included 11 candidate genes. Among them, MELO3C023549 and MELO3C023551 could be candidates for ws and tp by sequence alignment and allelic variation survey in parental lines. MELO3C023549 was predicted to encode an MYB46-like transcription factor related to positive regulation of secondary cell wall biogenesis. MELO3C023551 was annotated to encode a cellulose synthase A (CESA) associated with cellulose biosynthetic process.
The Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on the Water-yield Relationship and Carotenoid Production of Processing Tomatoes
Authors: Le Tuan Anh , Pék Zoltán , Takács Sándor , Neményi András , Daood Hussein G. , Helyes Lajos
Published: June 2018

Open field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) biofertilizer on processing tomato, grown under three different irrigation regimes. The field effectiveness of rhizobacteria inoculation on total biomass, yield, water use efficiency (WUE), carotenoid, and ascorbic acid production was examined in 2015 and 2016. The experimental design used was randomized block and the number of replications was four for each treatment. There were three different irrigation regimes: rain-fed control (RF), deficit water supply (WS50), and optimum water supply (WS100), which was delivered by drip irrigation in accordance with daily evapotranspiration (ETc). The test was performed on the Uno Rosso F1 processing tomato hybrid. Red fruit were measured at harvest in August and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for analysis. We evaluated yield quantity and total carotenoids and their composition (lycopene and β-carotene) depending on water supplement in 2 years. The marketable yield varied between 14.7 t·ha−1 and 126.9 t·ha−1 depending on treatment. The average soluble solids content (SSC) of the treatments ranged from 3.0 to 8.4. The total carotenoid yields of the treatments ranged from 0.8 to 40.4 kg·ha−1 and the average lycopene yield of the treatments ranged from 0.6 to 34.1 kg·ha−1. The effect of PGPR treatment was clearly positive for harvested yield, but this effect only prevailed under irrigated conditions.
Successful left‐sided one‐lung ventilation using two Arndt endobronchial blockers in a patient with right tracheal bronchus
Authors: Jeong Heejoon , Heo Burn Young , Park Soo Jung , Oh Ah Ran
Published: June 2018

One‐lung ventilation is frequently performed during operations that require a transthoracic approach. Although a double‐lumen tube is the most common device used for definitive lung isolation, if a patient has a tracheobronchial anomaly, such as tracheal bronchus, or if an anaesthetist cannot apply the double‐lumen tube due to specific surgical manipulation requirements, a bronchial blocker can be an alternative. In some cases where lung isolation cannot be achieved by using a DLT or one bronchial blocker, the use of dual bronchial blockers can be a feasible option. We present the case of successful left‐sided one‐lung ventilation using two Arndt bronchial blockers in a patient with a right upper lobe tracheal bronchus who underwent robotic oesophagectomy. We conducted a bi‐luminal (intraluminal and extraluminal) insertion technique for both precise placement of the blockers and also enabling adequate ventilation. Dual blockers with bi‐luminal insertion can be an alternative in complicated cases.
Evolution of post-crisis bank regulations and controlling tools: a systematic review from a historical aspect
Authors: Zeman Zoltan , Kalmar Peter , Lentner Csaba
Published: June 2018

Amongst other causes, the excessive and uncontrolled credit growth, the high levels of leverage with insufficient high-quality capital funding, the high degree of systemic risk accompanied with the inadequate capital buffers and the insufficient liquidity buffers and excessive exposure to liquidity risk (Coen, 2016) in the early 2000’s led to first global financial crisis of the millennium in 2008–2009. Although there has been a global effort to consolidate the financial markets, different countries had different levels of regulatory response to the financial crisis, which resulted in different speed of recovery and impact on internal management control processes. This paper delivers a comprehensive review of the key global changes in the financial market and banking regulations since the 2007–2008 financial crisis by conducting a systematic review of the published papers, directives and regulations of the global, especially the new and existing American, European and Ukrainian financial regulatory bodies and International Organizations such as the Basel Committee, IMF, FSB, EU Parliament and Commission. Trend analysis provides some evidence for the stabilization effect of the new regulations, especially in case of countries with stricter supervisory frameworks (such as the Basel Standards). Finally, the impact of the regulatory environment’s changes on the existing internal controlling systems and functions of financial institutions is assessed by comparing the key pre- and post-crisis states of the different management control functions.
Effects of the body condition of Polish Holstein-Friesian cows before calving and in the early lactation on basic fertility indices
Authors: JANUŚ EWA , LITWIŃCZUK ZYGMUNT
Published: June 2018

This study examined the effect of the body condition of Polish Holstein-Friesian cows in the last month before calving and in the first week of lactation and of the rate of the body condition loss in the early lactation on basic fertility indicators. Body condition of a total 327 cows was evaluated using the 5-point BCS scale. Five fertility indices were included. The fertility indicators analysed depended less on the BCS of cows in the last month before calving and in the first week of lactation, and more on the size of body condition loss and its duration. Scores of over 3.5 both before parturition and at the start of lactation were associated with the longest service periods and with the lowest percentage of conceptions after one insemination procedure. The length of the days open and calving intervals and the number of services per conception increased as the length of the decline in BCS after parturition increased. The most favourable values for the fertility indicators analysed can be expected in cows whose BCS before parturition and at the start of lactation was 2.75-3.5. A smaller energy deficit with a shorter duration after parturition was also more favourable for these traits..
Türkiye’de İkinci Ürün Soya (Glycine max L. Merrill) Yetiştirmeye Uygun Potansiyel Alanların Belirlenmesinde Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Tabanlı Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreç Tekniğinin Kullanımı
Authors: TORUNLAR Harun , NAZLICAN Ahmet Nedim
Published: June 2018

Bu çalışma ile, tarımsal arazilerin optimum kullanımlarına

ve ürün planlamalarına yön vermek açısından, birim alandan birden fazla türden

ürün alınmasına imkan sağlanması amacıyla, ikinci ürün soyanın yetişebileceği uygun

potansiyel alanlar belirlenmiştir. Bir bölgede ürünlerin yetişebileceği uygun

potansiyel alanların dağılımını etkileyen en önemli faktör, o ürünün yetişmesi

için ihtiyaç duyduğu ekolojik kriterlerin birbirlerine göre yapacakları etkinin

ağırlık oranları olmuştur. Yapılan bu çalışmada, soyanın ikinci ürün olarak

yetişmesi için ihtiyaç duyduğu ana kriterlerin (iklim, toprak, topoğrafya) ve

bunlara ait alt kriterlerin (vegetasyon süresi, etkili sıcaklık toplamı, Temmuz

ve Ağustos ayları ortalama sıcaklıkları, yükseklik, toprak derinliği ve arazi

kullanım kabiliyet sınıfları) etkileri oranında sağlamış oldukları

ağırlıklarının hesaplanmasında, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) tabanlı Analitik

Hiyerarşi Süreç (AHS) tekniği uygulanmış ve potansiyel uygunluk sınıfları

belirlenmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirme sonuçlarına göre, çalışma alanının %

7.65’i (5 968 013.35 hektar) çok uygun, % 4.70’i (3 666 170.55 hektar) orta

uygun, % 8.43’ü (6 584 410.16 hektar) az uygun ve % 79.22’si (61 839 407.74

hektar) ise ikinci ürün olarak soya yetiştirilmesine uygun olmayan potansiyel

alanlar olarak belirlenmiştir.
Evaluating Hyperspectral Vegetation Indices for Estimating Nitrogen Concentration of Winter Wheat at Different Growth Stages
Authors: AYDOĞDU Metin , YILDIZ Hakan , ÜNAL Ediz , AVCI Muzaffer
Published: June 2018

Hyperspectral band, spectroradiometer, vegetation

index, remote sensing, wheat, leaf area index (LAI), fertilization
Polyether copolymers containing fluorescent groups: a green inhibitor for calcium carbonate
Authors: Xue Mengwei , Zhang Changli , Liu Qinpu , Yang Hui , Liu Guangqing
Published: June 2018

A novel fluorescent-tagged scale inhibitor, linear-dendritic double hydrophilic block copolymer (acrylic acid (AA)/Allyloxy poly(ethylene glycol) polyglycerol (APEG-PG-(OH)n)/ 8-allyloxy-1, 3, 6-pyrene trisulfonic acid trisodium salt (PA) (MA/APEG-PG-(OH)n/PA) was synthesized by AA, APEG-PG-(OH)n and PA. Structures of APEG, APEG-PG-(OH)n and MA/APEG-PG-(OH)n/PA were carried out by 1H NMR. The observation shows that the dosage and the n value of MA/APEG-PG-(OH)n/PA plays an important role on CaCO3 inhibition. MA/APEG-PG-(OH)5/PA displays superior ability to inhibit the precipitation of calcium carbonate, with approximately 91% inhibition at a level of 8 mg/L. Relationship between AA/APEG- PG-(OH)5/PA‘s fluorescent intensity and its dosage was studied. Correlation coefficient R of MA/APEG-PG-(OH)5/PA's is 0.9991. The effect on formation of CaCO3 was investigated with the combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. MA/APEG-PG-(OH)5/PA can be used to accurately measure copolymer consumption on line besides providing excellent CaCO3.
Numerical investigation of UF membrane to reduce energy consumption using double porosity approach
Authors: Ghotbi S. , Pirzadeh B. , Mohebbi-Kalhori Davod , Abdollahi A.
Published: June 2018

Hollow fiber (HF) membranes with circular geometry, are used in many separation processes such as water and wastewater treatment. Since optimization of energy efficiency is important for wastewater treatment, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of non-circular geometry of the inner surface of the HF on the separation performance. To this purpose, the HF bundle has been assumed as a double porous media having two porosities and permeabilities. Since these two parameters are defined by the geometry of the porous medium, any change in the geometry affects their values and the media performance. Therefore, in this study a mathematical modeling has been divided into five categories, including circular, oval, square, rectangular and triangular geometries, and their geometric properties have been calculated based on three different strategies. The results have been compared with the data obtained from literature and showed that the membrane inner surface to cross-section area ratio (a), axial permeability, and porosity in the inner region for the non-circular HF are larger than that of the circular HF and a increased 16%, 27%, 35% and 65% in ellipse, square, rectangle and triangle geometry, respectively, in comparison with the circle. Axial permeability increased 98%, 68%, 63%, and 26% for a triangle, rectangle, ellipse, and square respectively in the third strategy when compared to the circle. Due to 50% feed flow rate reduction, maximum transmembrane pressure (TMP) reduction was 85% related to the rectangular geometry in the first strategy and minimum was 55% corresponding to the triangle in the third strategy. As a increased up to 65%, TMP reduced by up to 200% and consequently energy consumption and operating costs of the system are decreased.
Enhanced settling in activated sludge: design and operation considerations
Authors: Daigger Glen T. , Redmond Eric , Downing Leon
Published: June 2018

Settling of activated sludge particles has long been the key to successfully achieving secondary treatment. While soluble products can be converted to particulate components via microbial reactions in the activated sludge process, it is the subsequent removal of these particulate components that is the key to achieving ultimate water quality criteria. An understanding of the operating parameters for selecting good settling activated sludge particles was first documented in the 1970s and 1980s. An understanding of the growth pressures that can be imposed on filamentous organisms, and the impacts of selector zones in general, allowed the design and operation of activated sludge processes to routinely achieve good sludge settleability. More recently, research has identified what could be the next evolution in flocculant growth, with the growing interest in aerobic granular sludge. Aerobic granular sludge is purported to provide superior settling properties, and many of the growth pressures identified for aerobic granular sludge are also present in activated sludge systems. These enhanced settling sludge systems are gaining significant interest, but the factors leading to enhanced sludge settleability could be present in historical and existing systems. Three facilities were evaluated that exhibited enhanced settleability (i.e. sludge volume indices of less than 70 mL/g the majority of the time) to determine how these enhanced settling sludges compare to typical settling curves from the literature. The enhanced settling sludge facilities exhibit key differences related to surface overflow rate, return activated sludge (RAS) pumping requirements, and sensitivity to solids concentration that are critical for developing effective settling designs for enhanced settling sludge facilities. As more facilities aim to achieve enhanced settling sludge for intensification of infrastructure, it will be important to carefully consider historic settling curves and to develop site-specific settling criteria when possible.
Using 3-D GIS in Archaeology Classrooms: An Example from Hells Canyon, Oregon
Authors: Fairbanks Marc , Hackenberger Steven , Hickey Robert
Published: June 2018

Excavation data from an ancestral Nez Perce dwelling in Hells Canyon, Oregon (1600–500 B.P.) are used to integrate 3-D GIS and spatio-temporal problem-solving for university-level archaeology instruction. By working through three sequential projects, students learn visualization skills as well as archaeological methods, spatial thinking, and problem-solving. These projects include digital excavation of a house site with evaluation of the spatio-temporal relationships and patterns of artifacts, group analysis of different occupation layers, and 3-D visualization. Beyond this, students were encouraged to continue to explore areas of interest, develop new research questions, and complete more detailed studies as independent research efforts. Applications like 3-D GIS have the potential to reach many more students and dramatically increase student interest in and understanding of archaeology, using computer methods as a supplement to field work.
“That’s Much Easier Said than Done”: The Realities of Social Justice Pedagogy in Schools
Authors: Aronson Brittany A.
Published: June 2018

Teaching for critical social justice is an attempt by classroom teachers to promote equity within their classrooms. Researchers have analyzed the impact of preservice teachers’ readiness to address social justice issues in their classrooms upon exiting their teacher education programs. However, despite reports of already practicing K-12 teachers’ attempts to teach for social justice in their classrooms, there is little connection to teacher education programs. This postcritical qualitative study addresses the research gap by highlighting the understandings and experiences of four intern teachers simultaneously enrolled in a teacher education program while participating in a critical social justice focus group. Findings from the critical social justice focus group revealed intern teachers’ understandings of critical social justice included: (1) embracing a critical awareness, (2) advocacy: “it’s about the students”, and (3) praxis defeat.
English Spelling Knowledge and Word Reading Skills of Arabic and Japanese ESL Learners
Authors: Jiang Xiangying
Published: June 2018

Previous research has demonstrated that L1 orthographic features and literacy experiences may influence some lower-level processing skills in L2 literacy development. The goal of this study is to expand understanding of this influence on the development of ESL word reading and spelling skills among a group of 49 intermediate-level Arabic learners of English as a Second Language (ESL) and a corresponding comparison group of 50 Japanese ESL learners. Data were collected on a spelling test, a reading comprehension test, and a series of word reading tasks which include reading words with a missing vowel, reading words with a missing consonant, reading a regular wordlist, and reading pseudo-words. The results indicated that at the same level of reading comprehension, the Japanese ESL group performed significantly better than the Arabic group on spelling and all the word reading measures except the accuracy and speed in reading words with a missing vowel. The study also found that the Arabic ESL learners were more adversely affected in both accuracy and speed of reading words with a missing consonant compared with reading words with a missing vowel. Furthermore, accuracy in reading words with a missing consonant was found to be the best predictor of reading comprehension for the Arabic group but for the Japanese group, spelling and accuracy in reading words with a missing consonant were both significant predictors of ESL reading comprehension. The findings were discussed in relation to previous research. Pedagogical implications were also addressed.
Financing Education in Nigeria: Implications and Options for National Development
Authors: Ubogu Rowell E. , Veronica Money O.
Published: June 2018

The future of any country lies in the quality of its education. Education remains the major tool for national socio-economic development, individual socio-economic empowerment and poverty reduction. Unfortunately, one of major problem now facing education in Nigeria is the issue of underfunding. We have, in the last decades, witnessed a gradual degradation in infrastructure, in manpower development and access to qualitative education. Precisely, the federal government spending on education is below 10 percent of its overall budget. This is largely due to the fall of the oil market, and the need to reduce the huge and raising debt service obligations. This study critically examined the past and present situation of financing education in Nigeria, the implications of inadequate funding and possible strategies of funding education. Thus, it was suggested among others that all stakeholders, parents and guardians, the society in general, the private sector and non-governmental agencies must become involved in the financing of education in Nigeria.
Polarização da distribuição de renda no Brasil
Authors: Hoffmann Rodolfo
Published: June 2018

Considerando tanto a distribuição do rendimento do trabalho por pessoaocupada como a distribuição do rendimento domiciliar per capita no Brasil,de 1987 a 2005, mostra-se que há uma tendência de redução da bipolarização.Verifica-se que a medida de polarização de Esteban e Ray (1994) calculada paraos mesmos dados, usando grande número de estratos, capta, essencialmente, aformação de picos na distribuição, associados à tendência de as pessoas declararemvalores redondos para seu rendimento e ao fato de o salário mínimo ser ounão um número redondo, em dezenas ou centenas de unidades monetárias.
A tendência à sobreapreciação da taxa de câmbio
Authors: Bresser-Pereira Luiz Carlos
Published: June 2018

Nos países em desenvolvimento há uma tendência à sobreapreciaçãoda taxa de câmbio. Existem duas causas estruturais: a doença holandesa e aatração que altos lucros e taxas de juros nos países em desenvolvimento exercemsobre capitais externos, e quatro causas políticas: a política do crescimento compoupança externa, o controle da inflação através de uma “âncora”, cambial, apolítica de “aprofundamento de capital”, e o populismo cambial. O país deveráneutralizar esta tendência para poder ter um crescimento rápido, ou sofrerácrises cíclicas de balanço de pagamento.
O papel das mulheres pobres brasileiras na estrutura familiar monoparental feminina: uma análise do ano 2012
Authors: Maia Katy , Devidé Júnior Ariciéri , Inforzato de Souza Solange De Cassia , Bersi de Araújo Fernanda
Published: June 2018

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as condições econômicas das famílias monoparentais femininas do Brasil e o nível de bem estar dessas famílias em relação às demais, no ano de 2012, com base nos microdados da PNAD (Pesquisa Nacional de Amostra de Domicílios) do IBGE. Para isso, examinam-se os dados da incidência de famílias chefiadas por mulheres com e sem cônjuge, além de famílias chefiadas por homens com e sem cônjuge, e suas características de renda e pobreza. Os resultados obtidos indicam que, apesar das famílias monoparentais femininas possuírem maior incidência na pobreza, e terem renda per capita inferior aos outros arranjos familiares, sem a presença do cônjuge elas garantem melhores condições de vida aos integrantes das suas famílias, materializadas na moradia, no acesso aos bens duráveis de consumo, de tecnologia e de educação para os filhos.
The impact of payroll taxation on employment in a third world setting: personal services in Brazilian nonamazonian states 1940-1980
Authors: Cohn Samuel
Published: June 2018

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Efeitos do salário mínimo sobre a distribuição de renda no Brasil no período 1995/2005 – resultados de simulações
Authors: Saboia João
Published: June 2018

A partir de meados da década passada, o salário mínimo passou porum processo de recuperação de seu valor real, perdido ao longo das décadasanteriores. No mesmo período, a distribuição de renda do país apresentoumelhoria. A simultaneidade desses dois movimentos sugere que o aumento dosalário mínimo teria contribuído para a redução das desigualdades de rendimento.Com o objetivo de testar a contribuição do salário mínimo para a melhoriada distribuição de renda, este artigo explora os dados da Pesquisa Nacional deAmostra por Domicílios (PNAD) no período 1995/2005, destacando o ano de2001, a partir do qual a redução na desigualdade de rendimentos se acentuou.São explorados os dados de rendimentos do trabalho, pensões e aposentadoriasoficiais, além do Beneficio de Prestação Continuada (BPC), itens que representama quase totalidade dos rendimentos levantados pela PNAD e em cujo conjuntoo salário mínimo possui importante influência. O principal resultado doartigo é obtido a partir de um conjunto de simulações para a distribuição derenda que veio a confirmar a importância do salário mínimo na redução dasdesigualdades de rendimentos no período.
COMBINATION OF THE ISOCHORIC METHOD AND THE EXPANSION METHOD TO DETERMINE DENSITIES OF HYDROGEN AT TEMPERATURES UP TO 500°C
Authors: Supriatno Supriatno
Published: June 2018

Utilization of hydrogen as an alternative fuel is promising because it is environmentally friendly. Hydrogen system design requires accurate hydrogen densities. The density of hydrogen is determined based on experimental data. For gases that have a low density such as hydrogen, the effective measurement method is required. An apparatus has been designed to measure PVT properties of hydrogen at pressures up to 1 MPa and temperatures up to 500ºC. The apparatus uses a combination of isochoric and expansion methods. The method doesn’t need a measurement of pressures and temperatures along the isochoric line as required usually in the isochoric conventional method. Moreover, it doesn't need direct measurements of gas mass and gas volume. The volume was determined by measuring nitrogen at a pressure of 0.5 MPa and at temperatures up to 500ºC and by using Span’s equation of state. Measurements of hydrogen have been performed at a pressure up to 0.7 MPa and temperatures up to 498.217ºC. Densities of hydrogen obtained from the present measurement are compared with that obtained from calculation of Leachman's equation of state. Maximum deviation is 1.42% at a temperature of 498.217ºC and at a pressure of 0.2947 MPa and minimum deviation is 0.11% at temperature and pressure of 399.461ºC and 0.6981 MPa respectively.
Family Medicine Ethics:
Authors: Tunzi Marc , Ventres William
Published: June 2018

The practice of modern medical ethics is largely acute, episodic, fragmented, problem-focused, and institution-centered. Family medicine, in contrast, is built upon a relationship-based model of care that is accessible, comprehensive, continuous, contextual, community-focused and patient-centered. “Doing ethics” in the day-to-day practice of family medicine is therefore different from doing ethics in many other fields of medicine, emphasizing different strengths and exemplifying different values.
For family physicians, medical ethics is more than just problem solving. It requires reconciling ethical concepts with modern medicine and asking the principal medical ethics question—What, all things considered, should happen in this situation?—at every clinical encounter over the course of the patient-doctor relationship.
We assert that family medicine ethics is an integral part of family physicians’ day-to-day practice. We frame this approach with a four-step process modified from other ethical decision-making models: (1) Identify situational issues; (2) Identify involved stakeholders; (3) Gather objective and subjective data; and (4) Analyze issues and data to direct action and guide behavior. Next, we review several ethical theories commonly used for step four, highlighting the process of wide reflective equilibrium as a key integrative concept in family medicine. Finally, we suggest how to incorporate family medicine ethics in medical education and invite others to explore its use in teaching and practice.
Etkin Bir Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi İçin Öneriler
Authors: ATILGAN Mustafa Harun
Published: June 2018

Özellikle
gelişmekte olan ülkeler için bireysel emeklilik sisteminin önemi büyüktür. Bu
ülkelerdeki tasarruf oranı düşüklüğü sorununa çare olarak görülen bireysel
emekliliğin etkin bir şekilde çalışması için çeşitli teşvik mekanizmaları
kullanılmaktadır. Kriz deneyimleri yaşayan ve ülke ekonomisine olan güvenin
azaldığı gelişmekte olan ülkelerde böyle bir tasarruf sistemini yerleştirmek
kolay bir süreç olmayacaktır. Sistem hakkında yeterli bilgilendirmenin
yapılması, sisteme ilişkin olası getiri ve kayıpların net bir şekilde ortaya
konulması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada ülkemiz bireysel emeklilik sisteminin istenen
düzeye ulaşması için yapılacaklar üzerine bir değerlendirmeye yer verilmiştir. Makale yazım kurallarına ve şablonuna aşağıdaki linkten ulaşabilirsiniz.http://dergipark.gov.tr/journal/77/block
Porter’ın Rekabet Stratejileri: Safranbolu Turizm İşletmelerinde Bir Uygulama
Authors: Öztürk Mehtap , Tan Fatma Zehra
Published: June 2018

Turizm gelişme göstermeye devam ederken işletmeler arasındaki rekabet de her geçen gün artmaktadır. Artan rekabet koşullarında rakiplerine karşı avantaj sağlamak için işletmelerin kendilerine stratejiler belirlemeleri gerekmektedir. Strateji, amaçlara ulaşmak için oluşturulmuş, rakiplerin çalışmalarını da gözlemleyerek sonuç odaklı, etkin, uzun süreli kararlar topluluğudur. Rekabet ise müşterilerin ihtiyaçlarını karşılarken onların beklentilerine karşılık veren stratejilerle sektörde mücadele etmektir. Dolayısıyla, rekabet stratejileri işletmenin konumu ile rakipleri arasındaki farklılık oluşturma düşüncesini kapsamaktadır.Araştırmamız Karabük ili Safranbolu ilçesindeki konaklama işletmelerinin rekabet edilebilirlik düzeylerinin tespiti için uyguladıkları temel rekabet stratejilerinin neler olduğu ve nasıl bir yol izlediklerinin analizini ortaya koymaya çalışmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre işletmelerin Michael Porter’ın toplam maliyet liderliği, farklılaştırma ve odaklanma olarak belirlediği üç jenerik stratejiden çoğunlukla odaklanma stratejisini uyguladıkları anlaşılmıştır.
EDUCAÇÃO ETNOMATEMÁTICA NAS ESCOLAS INDÍGENAS KARAJÁ DE XAMBIOÁ
Authors: Aguiar Haylla Rodrigues , Mahmoud Talal Suleiman , Pereira de Melo Elisângela Aparecida
Published: June 2018

Este trabalho apresenta uma investigação realizada com a comunidade indígena Karajá Xambioá, localizada no município de Santa Fé do Araguaia - TO. Para a coleta dos dados, empregou-se a metodologia etnográfica. Por meio de entrevistas e de observação, diretamente na comunidade, investigou-se o que os indígenas compreendem como educação escolar indígena diferenciada, na perspectiva do ensino intercultural, considerando os aspectos socioculturais dessa comunidade. O objetivo foi o de fazer um estudo investigativo da realidade educacional das escolas indígenas localizadas no território Karajá Xambioá. Foram analisados, entre outros aspectos, a necessidade premente dos professores e da comunidade de desenvolverem, nas escolas da aldeia, um estudo sobre o processo de ensino e aprendizagem que leve em consideração as matemáticas produzidas em seu contexto cultural e social.Palavras-chave: Interdisciplinaridade. Educação escolar indígena. Formação de professor indígena.