bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Norway
Authors: Lunnan Anders , Barstad Johan , Mitchell-Banks Paul , Nyrud Anders Quale , Størdal Ståle , Vennesland Birger
Published: January 2024

Up to ca. 1960, the forest sector was the largest export sector in Norway. Since then its importance has decreased, until in 2003 the export value totalled only 2.5% of the export sector. The import of forest products constituted a relatively higher share of the total import value than the export (about 3.3%). Pulp and paper, mainly newsprint, is the most important export product. The annual cut has declined 30 per cent over the last decade and in 2003 totalled about 7.5 million cubic metres. The reasons for this decline are not fully understood, but changes in ownership structure, low unemployment rates and good job opportunities outside of the forest sector and the abolition of cost-share programs are certainly some of the explanation. Private non industrial owners own 78.5% of the forest area and the average size of a forest property is 57 hectares. Almost all fellings are certified, and there is an intensive ongoing debate on the need for protection of a larger forest area. There is a large potential for developing non-wood products and services, and the forest owners association have companies and organisations dealing with this. There is a demand from both domestic and foreign customers for non-wood products and services but the co-operation with the domestic tourist industry still has to be improved to co-ordinate this effectively. There is a weak entrepreneurship culture in the forest products industry, with a few regional exceptions. The culture is mainly production oriented and market competence and international orientation is needed. Compared with other industries in Norway the level of education is low in the forest products industry. A large public program was started in 2002 to stimulate innovation and competence building activities in the forest products sector.
Portugal
Authors: Carvalho Mendes Américo M. S. , Feliciano Diana
Published: January 2024

The evidence provided in this report shows that the Portuguese forest sector has been responsive to demands for its products, not only timber, but also cork and some other non wood forest goods and services. The area of forests almost tripled since the mid of the 1990s and the main cause of this has been that response to market conditions. Given the very high salience of private ownership, private forest owners played a major role in that response, even when there were no supported public policies, which was the case until the 1980s. Private forest owners obviously have not been alone in making up these adjustments to demand. Forest industries have been the essential connecting link between the forests and the final consumers, either in the domestic markets, or abroad. The first jump in expanding the forest resource base was the installation of the cork oak stands in the southern regions, mostly from the mid of the XIXth century until the mid of the XXth century. This was and still remains an export oriented business. It has successfully resisted the arrival of plastics, and is now facing new forms of competition from this material. Again this competition is meeting an active response from the industry and the forest owners, but a lot is still undecided about the end of this game. Pulp and paper is another story of creation of a new forest resource base and a new industry oriented essentially towards exports. Like in the case of cork, the quality of the product has been generally good, but here also new threats are arising. The resource base of the industry is under increasing risk of forest fires and the fundamentals of the Portuguese economy, in recent years, are not favouring exporting business. The wood based panel industry is another case where the forest resources built up by private forestry during the last one hundred years were able to trigger and sustain industrial conglomerates of large international scope. Nowadays the leading group in the world in this industry is Portuguese. The tree species at the base of this industry is maritime pine. This is the species which has been suffering most with forest fires and this is not good news for the industry. However, entrepreneurs here have been able to evolve towards other products and other markets. The rest of the forest industries (sawmilling, carpentry and furniture) are essentially made of small, even very small enterprises relying almost entirely on the domestic market. Rising real incomes and lower real interest rates, until the turn of the century helped these activities. These favourable conditions stopped to hold at the same time as the exposure to foreign competition became more intense. The strong dependence of these industries on the macroeconomic situation of the country is now pushing them towards improvements in labour productivity, at lower levels of employment.
EXPLORING NEW HORIZONS OF ACADEMIC EXPLORATION IN SECURITY SCIENCES: LINKING DIFFERENT SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES TO SECURITOLOGY
Authors: KAWALERSKI Paweł
Published: January 2024

Man, through his daily functioning in various systems of action, is as if "immersed" in space-time. Therefore, security should not be understood as a property of operation system, but as a hypothetical element at the interface between the system and environment. Incapacity of this system generates unreliability of the system's security and entails its destruction. The paper continues the problem of metatheoretical considerations of securitology. The author's aim is to compare the scientific disciplines which in their subject and methodological scopes are included in the latest security science and offer possibilities for using their achievements in securitological research. The main research problem is expressed in the question: what are the possibilities of applying various scientific disciplines in comprehensive security science? The course of cognitive process used deductive inference from the patterns and models of system sciences and analogy.
DIAGNOSIS OF EXTERNAL FACTORS IN CRISIS MANAGEMENT IN HOTEL INDUSTRY
Authors: PODWYSOCKA Barbara
Published: January 2024

W ostatnich latach można zaobserwować wzrastające zainteresowanie metodami systemowego zarządzania bezpieczeństwem w branży hotelarskiej, pomimo że nie ma obowiązku prawnego przygotowywania systemu zarządzania kryzysowego. Jest to spowodowane przede wszystkim rosnącym znaczeniem odpowiedniego poziomu jakości życia ludzi. Wynikiem tego są stale zmieniające się wymagania prawne, a także opracowania i ustanowienia norm określających wytyczne lub specyfikacje systemów zarządzania bezpieczeństwem. Skutecznie funkcjonujący system zarządzania kryzysowego wpływa na poprawę wyników ekonomicznych organizacji dzięki lepszemu niż dotychczas zarządzaniu procesami, w których może nastąpić zakłócenie ciągłości działania. Można uznać, że zarządzanie kryzysowe obejmuje swoim zakresem zintegrowanie celowo zaplanowanych przedsięwzięć organizacyjnych jak również logistycznych i finansowych, które mają na celu zapobieganie sytuacjom kryzysowym, zapewnienie sprawności struktur decyzyjnych na wszystkich szczeblach zarządzania oraz gotowości sił i środków do podjęcia działań, mających na celu reagowanie i likwidacje skutków powstałej sytuacji. Przedmiotem badań jest system zarządzania kryzysowego branży hotelarskiej i czynniki zewnętrzne go kształtujące. Celem badania jest identyfikacja systemu zarządzania kryzysowego i jego założeń, w kontekście zewnętrznym organizacji. Problem badawczy wyraża się w pytaniu: jakie czynniki zewnętrzne są kluczowe dla funkcjonowania systemu zarządzania kryzysowego w branży hotelarskiej? Próbą odpowiedzi na główny problem badawczy jest następująca hipoteza kierunkowa: czynniki ekonomiczne i prawne są kluczowe dla funkcjonowania systemu zarządzania kryzysowego w branży hotelarskiej. Na etapie zbierania danych zastosowano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego i technikę ankiety. Na etapie analizy danych zastosowano metody ilościowe (statystyki opisowe) oraz metody jakościowe (analiza danych tekstowych). Na etapie oceny danych zastosowano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego i technikę indywidualnego wywiadu pogłębionego (IDI). Wyniki badań ankietowych, jak również wyniki wywiadu eksperckiego potwierdzają, iż czynniki ekonomiczne i prawne są kluczowymi czynnikami zewnętrznymi wskazanymi przez przedstawicieli branży hotelarskiej. Jednakże, już przy określeniu, które z nich są pozytywne, a które negatywne pojawiają się w badaniu rozbieżne opinie.
Productividad académica del docente de comunicación de la universidad pública. Aportes al campo del conocimiento
Authors: Miranda-Gaibor Christian Giovanny , Larrea-Naranjo Carlos Alberto , Palacios-Carrillo José Vinicio
Published: January 2024

La producción académica en instituciones públicas universitarias en Ecuador refleja cambios significativos en publicaciones a nivel nacional e internacional. Así, la investigación partió del enfoque cuantitativo, nivel descriptivo, donde del indicador bibliométrico del repositorio de la UNACH se revisaron publicaciones entre 2014 al 2022. Los principales resultados evidenciaron que los docentes de la Carrera de Comunicación generaron mayor número de publicaciones desde 2019, especialmente en 2022. Además, existe interés por la producción académica sobre investigación regional revista con preferencia en español, sin tendencia por temas específicos. Se concluye que, tras fortalecer políticas públicas en investigación, ancladas al uso de internet han generado mayor número de producción académica, aportes que han otorgado al conocimiento desde variedad de temas de interés comunicacional anclado a lo social y cultural, sin embargo, todavía es un camino que requiere superar retos como el idioma no nativo para ampliar el número de lectores en el campo.
O papel da intuição no ensino da matemática segundo Felix Klein
Authors: Silva Circe Mary Silva da
Published: January 2024

A intenção deste estudo é problematizar o conceito de intuição na obra Matemática elementar de um ponto de vista superior (1908), de Felix Klein, com o objetivo de compreender o significado do conceito de intuição para o autor e de ressaltar o seu papel no ensino. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada foi a bibliográfica analítica e a conclusão foi de que Klein trouxe uma nova proposta para o ensino da matemática, que deve ser abordada sob três perspectivas: a perspectiva matemática, que preconiza uma matemática orgânica - sem descontinuidade entre o ensino elementar, médio e superior - e com aplicações; a perspectiva histórica, que sugere o uso do princípio genético; e a perspectiva didática, que recomenda o uso do método intuitivo.
CONTENT OF NITRATES IN SUNFLOWER SEEDS AND ITS PROCESSING PRODUCTS WHEN GROWN ON GRAY FOREST SOILS
Authors: Hutsol Galina , Mazur Olga
Published: January 2024

The excessive accumulation of nitrates in plant products is a consequence of the uncontrolled application of high and ultra-high rates of mineral fertilizers, in particular, nitrogen fertilizers that contain nitrate nitrogen. During the last decades in Ukraine, intensive farming measures are used everywhere in agriculture, which are determined by the introduction of high and often unbalanced rates of mineral fertilizers. This led to an increase in the content of nitrates in field crops, in particular in grain, oil and other technical crops. With the targeted use of mineral fertilizers, it is possible to increase the content of nitrates both in sunflower seeds and in the products of its processing: oil, fusi oil, and meal. One of the important factors in preventing the accumulation of nitrates in plant products is the periodic agrochemical and agroecological monitoring of soils in order to identify imbalances in the content of nutrients, changes in acidity, humus, and the content of other substances. The purpose of the research is to determine the content of nitrates in sunflower seeds and their processing products: fusi from oil and meal, taking into account the indicators of the agrochemical composition of the gray forest soil. The research was conducted during 2021-2022 on the production crops of FG "Zorya Vasylivka" village. Vasylivka, Vinnytsia district, Vinnytsia region. The laboratory analysis of the agrochemical composition of the soil according to the indicators of humus content, easily hydrolyzed nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, pH reaction of the soil solution was carried out at the Zhytomyr branch of the State Institution "Derzhgruntokhorona" (Institute of Soil Protection of Ukraine) according to standard methods. Laboratory analyzes of the content of nitrates in sunflower seeds, fuschia and meal were carried out at the Vinnytsia branch of the State Institution "Derzhgruntokhorona" (Institute of Soil Protection of Ukraine) according to standard methods. In the conditions of the right-bank forest-steppe, when growing sunflowers on gray forest medium-loamy soils with a low provision of easily hydrolyzable nitrogen, medium - mobile phosphorus and high - exchangeable potassium when N45P45K45 is applied under its sowing, the nitrate content in sunflower seeds is 32.2 mg/kg, which in 9 ,3 times less than the maximum permissible concentration. At the same time, when making meal from sunflower seeds, the nitrate content in it increases by 47%, which requires additional control when using it for fodder purposes. And the content of nitrates in sunflower oil fuzz is 24% lower than in sunflower seeds, which makes it safer for feed use than meal.
CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF MAIZE GROWING IN UKRAINE
Authors: Didur Ihor , Bogomaz Serhii
Published: January 2024

Over the past decades, the area of corn sowing in Ukraine has more than doubled and is now about 5 million. The analysis of statistical data shows that from 2011 to 2022, the sowing and harvesting area in Ukraine increased from 3,543.7 thousand ha to 4,200 thousand ha. Analyzing the level of grain yield from 2011 to 2022, it should be noted that favorable hydrothermal conditions occurred in 2016, 2018, 2019, 2021 − respectively 6.6; 7.84; 7.19; 8.01 t/ha. The years 2012, 2015, 2017 and 2020 were less favorable for the hydrothermal regime,the level of corn productivity was 4.79; 5.71; 5.51; 5.62 t/ha. 2018 - 35,801 thousand tons, 2019 - 35,880 thousand tons, and 2021 - 39,819 thousand tons turned out to be record-breaking for the production of gross corn grain, which is primarily due to the level of yield of corn hybrids in these years. One of the important factors in the formation of a high yield of corn is the plant nutrition system, in which the share of influence is 30-40%. A number of domestic and foreign scientists in different soil and climatic zones investigated the effectiveness of the corn fertilization system due to the main and foliar application of mineral fertilizers and microfertilizers. However, such studies must be improved taking into account new forms, application rates, terms of application according to the stages of organogenesis and maturity groups of corn hybrids and their biological requirements. So, with the aim of optimizing the technological methods of growing corn and finding ways to increase the productivity level, we have established a three-factor field experiment: Factor A - hybrids: 1. DKS 3795 (FAO 250); 2. DKS 3972 (FAO 300); DKS 4351 (FAO 350).Factor B - sowing rates: 1. 60 thousand/ha; 2. 65 thousand/ha; 3. 70 thousand/ha. Factor C - Fertilizer: 1. Control (without fertilizer); 2. N-100, P-31 (background); 3. Background + Zinc sulfate; 4. Fon+ Ecoorganic Zinc; 5. Background + Zinc sulfate + Ecoorganic Zinc; 6. Background + Zinc sulfate + Ecoorganic Boron; 7. Background + Zinc sulfate + Eco-organic Zinc + Eco-organic Boron.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE LEVEL OF SOIL MOISTURE ON THE TRANSLOCATION OF Zn AND Cu IN GRAIN OF WINTER CEREALS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST STEPPE OF THE RIGHT BANK
Authors: Husak Oksana
Published: January 2024

The attention of almost the entire world community is focused on the problem of food security. In many countries of the world, the lack of food resources is acutely felt, the main source of which is grain farming. Ukraine is distinguished among other countries by its favorable soil and climatic conditions for the cultivation of cereals, it has the appropriate technologies, and qualified workers. Therefore, the production of grain products is one of the main directions of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine, which is subject to certain quality requirements. The article examines the influence of the level of soil moisture (precipitation and irrigation) on the content and coefficient of accumulation and danger of Zn and Cu in the grain of winter wheat and winter barley. The purpose of the study is to study the influence of the level of soil moisture (precipitation and irrigation) on the content of the coefficient of accumulation and danger of Zn and Cu in the grain of winter wheat and winter barley in the conditions of the right-bank forest-steppe. An increase in the coefficient of accumulation of Zn and a decrease in the coefficient of accumulation of Cu in cereal grains contributed to an increase in the concentration of Zn and a decrease in Cu under such conditions, this feature was established both in winter barley of the variety (Luran) and in winter wheat of the variety (Akratos). In particular, at the level of soil irrigation in the period of tillering-earing of winter barley and winter wheat from 256.2 mm to 272.5 mm, the concentration of Zn in the grain of these cereals was 1.07 times higher, and the concentration of Cu was 1.05 times lower in winter barley grain, and in winter wheat grain, the concentration of Zn was 1.14 times higher and 1.15 times lower than the concentration of Cu, respectively, compared to the moisture level of 47.4 mm and 52.3 mm. The coefficient of danger of heavy metals in the grain of winter cereals at the level of soil moisture from 256.2 mm. to 272.5 mm in the tillering-earing period was higher in Zn and lower in Cu compared to the moisture level of 47.4 mm–52.3 mm. An increase in the hazard ratio of Zn by 1.06 times and a decrease in the hazard ratio of Cu by 1.15 times in winter barley grains and an increase by 1.15 and a decrease by 1.16 times in winter wheat grains, respectively. During the artificial moistening of the soil during the growing season in the period of tillering-earing until the grain is milky, an increase in these Zn indicators and a decrease in Cu were observed in both winter barley and winter wheat grains.
YIELD AND YIELD OF POTATOES OF THE SEED FRACTION OF POTATO VARIETIES DEPENDING ON THE FOOD SYSTEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST STEPPE OF THE RIGHT BANK
Authors: Vdovenko Serhiy , Poltoretskyi Serhii , Polishchuk Mihaylo , Verheles Pavlo
Published: January 2024

The article presents the results of research on the improvement of fertilization systems of potato varieties, as well as their impact on the structure of the seed tuber harvest depending on different norms and methods of applying mineral, macro- and micro-fertilizers Vuksal Makromix and the planting density and fraction of the planting material. The presented technological methods of cultivation will allow to increase the yield of the seed fraction in potato varieties. The highest yield of the seed fraction was noted in the Riviera variety in the variant where, with the local application of mineral fertilizers in the dose of N45Р45K45, two foliar fertilizings were carried out with microfertilizer Vuksal Makromix with an interval of 14 days from the stemming phase, and a planting fraction of tubers of 40–45 mm was used for planting density 70 thousand pieces/ha – 29.1, t/ha, and the multiplication factor was 6.8, respectively. As for the early-ripening variety Dnipryanka, the highest yield of 26.8 t/ha and the multiplication factor of 6.2 was noted on this variant. It should be noted that the highest percentage of the yield of the seed fraction in the yield structure of the varieties was noted in the specified version of the experiment and was 89.6% in the Riviera variety, and 83.1% in the Dnipriyanka variety. A higher quantitative yield of planting tubers was noted in the Riviera variety. This indicator at a density of 70 thousand units/ha varied from 308 to 476 thousand units/ha, and was the highest in the variant with local application of mineral fertilizers in the dose of N45Р45K45, where two foliar top dressings with Vuksal Macromix microfertilizer were carried out with an interval of 14 days from the stemming phase.The highest influence on the yield of seed potatoes of the nutrition system was noted - 66.8%, a relatively high influence of varietal characteristics, the share of which was 31.28%, a smaller influence of the fraction of planting material - 0.56%. The interaction of factors, in quantitative terms, is not high, but reliable, which is confirmed by the results of three-factor variance analysis.
PROSPECTS OF CREATING «GREEN STRUCTURES» IN THE DESIGN OF THE CLOSED ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Pantsyreva Hanna
Published: January 2024

The article presents scientific and experimental studies on the study of the prospects of creating "green structures" for the design of a closed environment when landscaping the interiors of special purpose objects - halls and lobbies of educational institutions. The ecological and decorative value of ornamental plants for modern landscaping has been proven. An analysis of literary sources was carried out and information about decorative plants used in the creation of vertical landscaping objects was summarized. On the basis of the obtained data, the scientific foundations of the introduction of promising plant species into the culture and the peculiarities of the organization of space in the interior were developed. It was determined that today phytodesign requires a scientifically based introduction of plants into the interior, which should create an aesthetic and comfortable environment for people. In addition, the action of plants should be aimed at disinfecting indoor air from pathogenic microflora, cleaning the air space from industrial dust and gas. It has been proven that for the creation of modern garden compositions in a closed environment, it is most appropriate to use such groups of plants as basic aggregates (golden epipremnum, ivy philodendron); green accents (monstera delicatesna) and blooming accents (anthurium andre). Their high evaluation according to a set of criteria indicates the perspective and suitability for growing in a closed environment, as well as the value for various options of use: compositions, potted culture, greening of living walls, phytomodules, structures for vertical gardening, accent, solitaire. It is the expansion of the range of plants for vertical gardening using the methods of "green constructions" that will make it more accessible. It was noted that the possibility of implementing an ecological and aesthetic way of improving the population will attract the attention of specialists who design buildings for various purposes.
JUSTIFICATION OF APPROACHES TO DEFINITION OF STRATEGIC OPERATIONAL GOALS AND TASKS, IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RIVNE SOCIAL SPHERE
Authors: Moshinskiy Viktor , Klymenko Mykola , Klymenko Lyudmila
Published: January 2024

The article presents the materials of the indicators analysis, strategic and operational goals of social sphere given in the Strategy of Rivne Development for the period until 2040, developed by results of SWOT-analysis, which are only partly consistent with the National ecological goals. It is recommended to present the Strategy of Rivne development for the period until 2040 in social sphere as the strategic goal in the new edition of “Improvement of social sphere of the city life activity by means of development of engineering and social infrastructure and labour market regulation” and by three operational goals:

- formation of principles of sustainable consumption and production in the city; residents;

- ensuring the integration of ecological policy into the process of making a decision as for the city social development;

- ecological and other risks reduction, their influence on the city social development and population health.

Simultaneously their reconciliation has been carried out with National ecological goals keeping to the following requirements:

- agreement with strategic vision contents;

- attainability;

- specificity;

- compliance with available practical resources;

- ability to be evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively.

It is recommended to realize the achievements of strategic and operational goals in the city social sphere by means of planning and performing the tasks and projects containing the information “what must be done to carry out the tasks” and “the list of success indicators”. The goals and tasks suggested in the city social sphere are appointed to output critical indicators in this sphere of Rivne to the competitive level of Ivanofrankivsk and Lutsk.
IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTS OF CHICKPEA CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY UNDER IRRIGATION CONDITIONS IN THE SOUTHERN STEPPE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Kovalenko Oleg
Published: January 2024

The article highlights the results of studying the influence of sowing methods and herbicides on the yield and quality of chickpea crops of different varietal composition. The field research was conducted in the experimental field of the Mykolaiv State Agricultural Research Station of the Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine in the Southern Steppe zone of Ukraine. The soil of the experimental field is represented by southern black soil, slightly saline, heavy loamy with a humus content of 2.9%. The soil acidity is close to neutral (pH 7.1). The following varieties were used for sowing chickpeas: Triumph (control), Budzhak and Pamyat. The variants of application of Pulsar® 40, CP (1 l/ha); Bazagran®, BP (2 l/ha); Pivot® 10, v.r.k. (0.8 l/ha) were studied when spraying crops in the phase of 2-5 leaves of the crop under different sowing methods (row by 15 cm, wide-row by 45 cm). The methods of sowing chickpea plants significantly affect the yield level of its seeds. So, on average, for all varieties, the maximum seed yield (2.46 t/ha) was obtained when sowing with a wide-row method of culture (average according to the herbicide background). The yield increase was 0.17 t/ha or 8% compared to the usual row sowing at 15 cm. The high yield of chickpeas in this variant is characterized, first of all, by the optimal spatial and quantitative placement of plants per unit area. Higher yields in the experiment were obtained for the mid-season variety Budzhak, and the wide-row sowing method guaranteed the maximum productivity of the crop in its variant. The maximum yield of chickpea was formed by using the variety Bujak when sowing in a wide-row method with a row spacing of 45 cm and treating the crops with the herbicide Pulsar® 40, KP (1 l/ha) in the phase of 2-5 leaves of the crop and amounted to 2.68 t/ha with a protein content of 30.8%.
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE AS AN ELEMENT OF SOIL PRESERVATION AND RESTORATION
Authors: Alieksieiev Oleksii , Vradiy Oksana
Published: January 2024

The materials of the article are based on the study of the positive impact of organic farming on the reproduction and preservation of soils. The research methodology is based on a systematic approach and a dialectical method of understanding the organic principles of land use in agricultural production, taking into account retrospective analysis, monographic method, methods of synthesis and analysis. The essence of the system of organic farming from the point of view of ensuring balanced land use is revealed. It is shown the dynamics of land distribution by areas in Ukraine for 2018-2022, characterizing by an extremely high rate of agricultural development, which significantly exceeds the ecologically justified limits, as well as the distribution of soil areas of Ukraine by humus content. Organic fertilizers, plant residues, by-products, green manure, etc. remain the most important resource for soil humus reproduction, the application of which has a positive effect on the agrochemical, physical and water-air properties of soils. The structure of mineral and organic fertilizers application in 1994-2022 is given. The main problems of agricultural land use are highlighted. Under modern conditions of agricultural production and existing land use systems, it is impossible to achieve even a simple reproduction of soil fertility without a significant improvement of mechanisms for controlling their use by the state, as well as the introduction of more effective, mostly economic, mechanisms to support soil protection measures. International experience shows that new information technologies, in addition to traditional research methods, will provide effective control of land use and soil protection at different spatial levels, from the state to a specific field. The mechanism of preservation and reproduction of soil fertility in the system of organic farming is proposed for use by agricultural commodity producers. It includes a set of measures aimed at restoring stocks of organic substances and improving agro physical properties of soil. The state support in solving problematic issues is also important.It is recommended to supplement the developed mechanism with such components as legal, scientific and technical, economic, financial, scientific and educational supports.
INFLUENCE OF OILSEED RADISH ON SOIL STRUCTURE DURING ITS INTERMEDIATE (GREEN MANURE) USE
Authors: Tsytsiura Yaroslav , Lira Oleksandr
Published: January 2024

The results of a three-year cycle of studying the influence of intermediate green manure using oil radish on the formation of basic indicators of the structure of gray forest soil in comparison with the control without green manure are presented. Based on the assessment of the hydrothermal regime in July-October, the possibility of using oil radish for an intermediate summer green manure variant was analyzed, and both the productivity of the formation of its leaf-stem mass and the general morphological development of the root system of plants, which is one of the main criteria for effective green manure establishment in terms of optimizing the granulometric composition of the soil profile or its root part, were additionally assessed. The use of two software packages FijiImageJ2 and BaseGrain for visualization of experimental data and formation of a morphometric database of indicators based on the analysis of soil images from different variants was adapted to assess the main and additional parameters of soil structural state. The results of visualization of the 3D soil profile display system are presented, taking into account different variants of the experiment, and the possibility of their use in the application to the study of soil properties and features of the formation of its modes based on a complex of properties is assessed. Non-traditional indicators (degree of soil crushing Dc and coefficient of structural aggregates diversity (GSd) were used for an in-depth study of the applied green manure variant in comparison with the control based on the averaging of their size and the use of percentage threshold analysis in view of the recommended optimal intervals of the ratio of individual fractions of soil particles in their total. The intervals of variation of the morphometry of soil aggregates under different technological options for pre-sowing soil use were determined. The obtained results were evaluated from the point of view of the influence of intermediate green manure on such indicators as optimization of soil cultivation conditions, improvement of its agronomically valuable structure, change in the dynamics of fractional composition, etc. The effectiveness of intermediate green manure application in summer intermediate sowings of oil radish was proved by increasing the coefficient of soil structure (Ks) while reducing the coefficient of soil structural aggregates diversity (GSd) and the overall variation of their size (by the coefficient of variation Cv).
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF INTRODUCTION AND PROSPECTS OF THE GENUS ROBINIA L. USE IN LANDSCAPING OF VINNITYSA
Authors: Matusiak Mikhailo , Kozak Yuriy
Published: January 2024

After analyzing data from the literature sources, it was found that R. viscosa, which ranks second after R. pseudoacacia in terms of the introduction process involvement, is characterized by less winter hardiness. According to Kachalov A.A. [10], R. viscosa proved its winter-hardiness in conditions of the east, northern and middle parts of Ukraine and Transcarpathia. In Vinnytsia conditions, it withstands frosts up to -30˚С. In Moldova (Chisinau R. pseudoacacia tolerates winter well and bears fruit. As a result of the research, it was established that winter hardiness of the genus Robinia L. species in conditions of introduction was 1-2 (3) points. The introduced genus Robinia L. species and forms, which were objects of the research, in conditions of Vinnytsia were able to withstand negative temperatures (up to -32˚C) without significant damage. According to the obtained data, it was established that the genus Robinia L. representatives belong to the drought-resistant species and are able to withstand a long period of dry and rainless weather. The level of drought resistance of the studied species and forms according to the Pyatnytskyi S.S. scale equals to 4-5 points. According to the Pyatnytskyi S.S. light-demanding scale, R. pseudoacacia belongs to the most photophilous tree species – heliophytes. It was also defined that such species as R. pseudoacacia, R. holdtii, R. ambigua are fully acclimatized, R. viscosa, R. luxurians are well acclimatized. Their acclimatization numbers are: R. pseudoacacia = 100, R. viscosa = 86, R. luxurians = 86, R. holdtii = 95, R. ambigua = 94. Having analyzed the studied species in terms of their decorative characteristics, it was found that the time of decorativeness in the genus Robinia L. species is divided into two periods: the first is the flowering one, and the second – the time of leaf pigmentation change. According to our observations, the studied representatives received 5 points of decorativeness according to the Kalinichenko O.A. method in the following time periods: 1) from 05.15.2022 to 06.15.2022 – the time of flowering; 2) from 18.08.2022 to 20.09.2022 – leaf colour change.
CONTROL OF THE OF MAIN PESTS OF WINTER OILSEED RAPE IN THE CONDITIONS OF VINNYTSIA REGION
Authors: Rudska Nina , Zabarnyi Oleksii
Published: January 2024

This article highlights the issue of improved and substantiated elements of the winter oilseed rape protection system against main pests in the Vinnitsa region, which is based on clarification of the species composition of phytophagy in winter oilseed rape, their harmfulness and limiting their numbers when applying seed treatment with insecticides and poisoners. spraying crops with drugs during the growing season of the crop. The species composition of the harmful entomofauna of winter oilseed rape was clarified and 22 species of insects belonging to 6 orders and 16 families were identified. The largest species diversity is characterized by the number of Coleoptera, the share of species of which was 60,2% of the total. The effectiveness of modern insecticides of poisoners against pests of winter oilseed rape and optimized methods of their application were evaluated. It has been established that the highest technical efficiency of insecticide poisoners is noted in versions with poisoners with mixtures of Force 200 SC + Cruiser 350 FS, consumption rate of 1,0+2,0 l/t. and Cruiser 350 FS, w.s.c. at the full consumption rate of 4,0 l/t is a highly effective method of controlling the number of cruciferous fleas. Initial efficiency during the first three days after emergence was 92,0% and 90,5%. During the growing season of winter rape during the testing of insecticides, the highest technical efficiency – 93,3% for spraying rape seedlings against cruciferous fleas was shown by Confidor 20%, w.s.c. Confidor, 20% of the national capital, it provided technical efficiency at the level of 95,3%. This ensured a yield of 3.46 t/ha, and the yield increase was conventionally 0,53 t/ha of the crop.
QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF SOILS FG "FLORA A.A." TULCHINSKY DISTRICT
Authors: Shcatula Yuri , Kapritza Andriy
Published: January 2024

Soil degradation in Ukraine was caused by the sectoral approach to the use of land resources, the imperfection of the state policy on land protection. In the conditions of European integration processes, the problem of forming agricultural land use in accordance with the strategy of sustainable development of Ukraine is of significant interest for research. One of the factors ensuring the formation of sustainable agricultural land use is agrochemical certification. Today, the issues of protection and rational use of soils, proper assessment of soil quality and monitoring of soil changes are of particular importance in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. Systematic observation and control of the main indicators of fertility is one of the priority tasks for the further formation of scientifically based decisions regarding the reproduction and increase of soil fertility. Based on the agrochemical survey of arable lands of FG "Flora", the results of the soil condition are presented, which make it possible to carry out measures to stabilize the agrochemical properties of soils. Farm soils are characterized as moderately rich in humus. It was established that the content of humus is 2,61%. The content of mobile phosphorus in the arable layer of the soil on average on the farm is 78 mg/kg of soil, which according to the regulations refers to its average content. To improve the balance of phosphorus and create soils with a high content of this element, in addition to mineral fertilizers, organic matter in the form of siderates and plant residues of agricultural crops should be widely used, with mandatory liming. The supply of exchangeable potassium is at a high level, its content is 137 mg/kg of soil. Soil acidity is pH 5,7. According to the standards, the ecological condition of the soil is close to neutral. To optimize the agrochemical parameters of the soil, it is advisable to optimize crop rotation by increasing the sowing of legumes, to introduce siderate sowing, to introduce standard doses and ratios of nutrients of mineral fertilizers; carry out systematic soil liming.
GROWING OF CARROTS IN THE OPEN SOIL CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT BANK FOREST STEPPE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Verholiuk Serhiy , Nachtman Yevgeny
Published: January 2024

Vegetable growing in Ukraine is developing at a fast pace. This industry has a number of both positive and negative features. Among the positives are weather and climatic conditions, access to land resources, intense demand for vegetable products, both before the war and during martial law, a constant increase in prices for vegetable products. In recent years, significant investments have been made in the industry, both in the production of final products and in the creation of raw material zones. Among the negatives are the lack of vegetable storage facilities and the shortage of traditional vegetables, which is evidenced by the growth of their imports, as well as domestic prices. The total loss of vegetable products is 27% of the gross harvest. To increase the yield and quality of vegetable crops, various elements of the technology of growing in open ground conditions are introduced. More and more attention is being paid to plant varietal characteristics, the timing of sowing seeds, the method of sowing and protection against harmful organisms. Thanks to the use of preparations of biological origin and small norms of their use, it is ensured to obtain environmentally friendly, competitive products that meet both domestic requirements and the requirements of the European Union. The purpose of the study was to analyze the morphological properties of carrot varieties and hybrids, which are included in the State Register of plant varieties suitable for distribution in Ukraine. According to the results of literary sources in the forest-steppe zone of the right bank of Ukraine, according to the complex of economic and valuable characteristics, the most promising varieties and hybrids for growing carrots are: Karlena, Campino, Bright, as well as BolivarF1 and Abaco F1. The effective advantage of researched varieties or hybrids will solve the problem of providing the population with fresh products that meet the requirements of the Ukrainian consumer.
USE OF NEW GENERATION FERTILIZERS ON WINTER TRITICALE CROPS
Authors: Storozhuk Yurii
Published: January 2024

The article scientifically substantiates the literary sources on the cultivation of winter triticale for grain and green fodder. It is proved that the use of new high-yielding varieties of winter triticale is a powerful factor in stabilizing the grain economy of the country. Therefore, in this context, it is important to use the latest measures in innovative technologies to increase the yield and quality of crop production. Among the innovative measures in the technological process of growing agricultural crops, foliar feeding of plants with microfertilizers of biological, organic and chemical origin has become widely popular. With the correct application of these preparations, foliar feeding can be a more effective tool for eliminating the deficit in micro- and macroelements, compared to the application of mineral fertilizers in the soil, since nutrients directly enter the plant tissue in critical stages of development. Foliar fertilization does not replace soil application of fertilizers, but contributes to the effective addition of the main nutrition system and ensures an increase in the yield and quality of agricultural crops. It has been established that winter triticale is a promising, high- yielding crop, regardless of its direction of use (grain, green mass). By biological characteristics, the growth rates of the stem of winter triticale are determined by the genetic trait characteristic of all cereal crops. It has been established that from the tillering stage to the full exit into the tube, that is, during this interphase period, the height of the plants increased by 2.2-2.3 times, regardless of the varietal characteristics of the culture. It has been previously found that the use of Dr Green preparations for foliar feeding during the main growth and development phases is aimed at suppressing growth processes in height, starting from the full exit into the tube.
DYNAMICS OF SOYBEAN PRODUCTION IN THE UKRAINE AND EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Yakovets Volodymyr
Published: January 2024

The article highlights the importance of soybeans as one of the main leguminous crops. It occupies a leading position in export and processing for food and fodder purposes, and is also of strategic importance in ensuring food and economic security. The main prerequisites that led to the change in the position of this culture in the world were shifts in the structure of nutrition of the population of developed countries, associated with the transition from the use of animal fats to vegetable and oil, as well as an increase in the population in Asian countries and the rapid development of the livestock industry in European Union. Analyzing the sown areas of soybeans in the countries of the European Union, it should be noted that over the last ten years they have increased 1.7 times, from 2.65 million hectares in 2013 to 4.57 million hectares in 2022. In addition to the increase in sown areas, it should be noted that the gross harvest in the countries of the European Union has increased by 1.8 times over the past 10 years and increased from 5.4 million tons in 2013 to 9.8 million tons in 2022. That is, along with the increase in cultivated areas, the level of productivity also increases. Over the past 20 years, the area under soybeans in Ukraine has actually increased 20 times. At the beginning of the 2000s, soy was not yet considered the main crop, so it was not grown in large numbers - several tens of thousands of hectares. The main jump and then a rapid annual increase in area occurred in the period 2008-2015. Currently, the process has more o less stabilized, and fluctuations occur depending on the market situation and weather conditions. As for productivity, this indicator has also increased. If 20 years ago the USDA indicated the figure of the average yield of soybeans in Ukraine at the level of 1 t/ha, then the maximum, according to their data, was in 2018 and reached 2.6 t/ha, which affected the record gross harvest of soybeans - 4, 41 million tons. The analysis shows that over the past three years, the area of soybeans has decreased somewhat as a result of agro-climatic conditions and vegetation characteristics. However, in 2021 and 2022, a fairly high level of productivity was obtained - 2.68 and 2.46 t/ha. Therefore, Ukraine can play a significant role in supplying this culture to European markets.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF WINTER RAPE HYBRIDS
Authors: Zabarnyi Oleksii
Published: January 2024

The publication analyzes the portfolio of winter rape hybrids from BASF and conducts a comparative evaluation of them. It was found that these hybrids differed in phenological characteristics and resistance to diseases and unfavorable conditions. The main aspects of each hybrid that accompany it during the growing season are described in detail. Recommendations on the use of hybrids for different sowing dates are also given, which will ensure optimal wintering of winter rape. The hybrids were also evaluated in terms of moisture and its use during the growing season. Information on the timing of harvesting hybrids is important for farmers, as knowing this information allows them to plan harvesting dates, as overripening of winter rapeseed pods often leads to their cracking. That is why our portfolio of winter rapeseed hybrids can be divided into 3 maturity groups: medium early, medium ripe and medium late. An important quality indicator in winter rapeseed is the oil content in the seeds. It depends on the soil and climatic conditions of cultivation, fertilization, moisture supply and the degree of protection against diseases and pests. We analyzed the oil content in seeds for these hybrids. The analysis of BASF's winter rapeseed portfolio shows that the seeds of all the presented hybrids can be used for food purposes under proper growing conditions. Another characteristic of any winter rapeseed hybrid is its resistance to adverse environmental conditions and disease resistance. After analyzing the portfolio of winter rapeseed hybrids, it was found that all hybrids had high winter hardiness and drought resistance (7-8 points out of 9), which generally contributes to the formation of high seed yields with appropriate provision of mineral nutrients and timely chemical treatments against diseases and pests. Thus, from all of the above, it should be noted that it is important to select a winter rape hybrid with high sowing qualities and certain parameters specific to individual soil and climatic zones.