bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REVIEW : MEKANISME EKSTRAK SELEDRI (Apium Graveolens L) SEBAGAI ANTIHIPERTENSI
Authors: Aina Urfiyya Qarriy
Published: February 2022

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit serius yang secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan resiko penyakit jantung, ginjal dan otak. Hipertensi merupakan penyebab utama kematian dini di dunia. Seledri merupakan tanaman yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antihipertensi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk merangkum mekanisme ekstrak seledri (Apium graveolens L) sebagai antihipertensi pada beberapa artikel ilmiah. Metode yang digunakan pada review artikel ini yaitu dengan melakukan studi literatur pada artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasi tahun 2006 - 2021. Terdapat 5 artikel yang sesuai dan dilakukan review. Hasil review artikel menunjukkan ekstrak seledri memiliki aktivitas menurunkan tekanan darah, melalui mekanisme stimulasi reseptor muskarinik, diuretik dan vasodilator.
FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SEDIAAN LOSION DARI PERASAN BUAH BELIMBING MANIS (Averrhoa carambola L) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN
Authors: Athaillah Athaillah , Maharani Hutauruk Aisyah
Published: February 2022

Buah belimbing manis (Averrhoa carambola L) memiliki banyak kandungan seperti Vitamin A, Kalium, serat, dan vitamin C sebagai antioksidan. Perasan buah belimbing manis dapat dibuat sebagai sedian farmasi dalam bentuk losion. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui konsentrasi optimum perasan buah belimbing manis terhadap sifat fisik losion serta mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan sediaan losion belimbing manis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan tahapan penetapan kadar vitamin c buah belimbing manis dengan metode titrasi iodometri sebelum pembuatan losion. Pembuatan losion dengan 5 variasi konsentrasi peraasan belimbing manis 15,20,25,30,35% dan diuji stabilitas fisik sediaan losion dengan metode cycling test sebanyak 6 siklus yang meliputi pH dan daya sebar. Hasil penetapan kadar vitamin C pada perasan belimbing manis sebesar 1,232 mg/ml. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi perasan buah belimbing manis tidak berpengaruh pada karakteristik fisik sediaan losion. Losion perasan buah belimbing manis memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai sebesar 78,797 ppm dengan kategori kuat dan pembanding viamin C memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai sebesar 3,238 ppm dengan kategoti sangat kuat. Konsentrasi perasan buah belimbing manis (Averrhoa carambola L) tidak  berpengaruh terhadap karakter sifat fisik sediaan losion buah belimbing manis yang meliputi organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, dan tipe emulsi. Kecuali pada pengukuran daya sebar untuk uji cyling test terjadi peningkatan luas penyebaran tetapi tetap stabil pada suhu rendah dan aktivitas antioksidan pada sediaan losion belimbing manis pada formula 4 dengan tekstur losion yang paling baik memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai sebesar 78,797 ppm dengan kategori kuat dan pembanding viamin C memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai  sebesar 3,238 ppm dengan kategoti sangat kuat.
HUBUNGAN INTENSITAS SENAM HAMIL DENGAN NYERI PUNGGUNG PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III DI KLINIK HARAPAN KELUARGA TAHUN 2021
Authors: Mawaddah Maulina
Published: February 2022

Nyeri pungung saat kehamilan mencapai puncak pada minggu ke-24 sampai dengan minggu ke- 28, tepat sebelum pertumbuhan abdomen mencapai titik maksimum. Senam hamil cara yang membantu memberikan relaksasi terhadap kehamilan trimester III. Senam hamil dilakukan  minimal 3X dalam seminggu. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan senam hamil dengan Nyeri pungung Ibu hamil trimester III di klinik Harapan Keluarga. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah desktiprif analitik dengan pendekatan cros sectional. Populasi adalah seluruh Ibu hamil trimester III yang senam hamil di Harapan Keluarga sebanyak 40 responden. Tekhnik sampling adalah Total sampling tekhnik pengumpulan data kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan distribusi chi square. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara senam hamil dengan nyeri punggung pada ibu Trimester III di Klinik Harapan Keluarga (p=0,029). Simpulan menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan pelaksanaan senam hamil dengan nyeri punggung Ibu hamil trimester III dengan nilai p value= 0,029 (p<0,05).
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU SUNAT PEREMPUAN DI KELURAHAN LANDASAN ULIN TENGAH KOTA BANJARBARU
Authors: Handayani Eka
Published: February 2022

Praktik sunat perempuan dilakukan dengan berbagai macam cara, diantaranya; memotong sebagian atau seluruh klitoris, bahkan hingga labia minora dan labia mayora, namun ada juga yang hanya melukai sebagian kecil klitoris dan simbolik. Petugas yang melakukan praktik sunat perempuan di Indonesia menurut mereka adalah bidan/perawat/mantri. Sunat perempuan termasuk salah satu bentuk praktik berbahaya, dapat menimbulkan komplikasi kesehatan reproduksi khususnya membahayakan rahim termasuk infertilitas, masalah urinary, seksual dan masalah psikologis, bahkan dapat 2 menyebabkan komplikasi yang serius hingga kematian pada anak-anak perempuan (WHO, 2014).
Efek serupa juga terjadi pada praktik sunat perempuan di Indonesia. Bahkan ada resiko komplikasi jangka Panjang yang berbahaya bagi Kesehatan reproduksi perempuan (Komnas Perempuan, 2017).
Dari segi kesehatan, sunat perempuan tidak memberikan manfaat selain melukai klitoris dan merusak beberapa saraf bernanah di ujung klitoris, yang berpotensi menyebabkan infeksi saluran kemih, pendarahan yang berbahaya bahkan kematian (Fadli , 2017).
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi sunat perempuan di desa Landasan Ulin Tengah kota Banjarbaru. Jenis penelitian ini adalah investigasi analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah semua neonatus dengan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR). Populasinya adalah 219 dan sampelnya 69. Data tersebut kemudian diolah dan dianalisis dengan menetapkan frekuensi masing-masing variabel, dan dilakukan uji statistik dengan menggunakan Spearman Rank.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian Hubungan Pengetahuan,pendidikan, informasi dengan perilaku sunat anak perempuan Di Kelurahan Landasan Ulin, Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan pada 69 responden di dapatkan sebagai berikut pengetahuan dan informasi berhubungan dengan perilaku sunat perempuan sedangkan pendidikan tidak berhubungan dengan perilaku sunat perempuan.
HUBUNGAN INISIASI MENYUSUI DINI (IMD) DENGAN KELANCARAN PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU POST PARTUM DI POSYANDU DESA BANGUN SARI BARU TANJUNG MORAWA TAHUN 2021
Authors: Hayati Nila
Published: February 2022

Kelancaran produksi ASI salah satu penunjang terpenuhinya asupan nutrisi khususnya bagi bayi. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan oleh ibu post partum untuk kelancaran produksi asi dengan melakukan inisiasi menyusui dini (IMD).Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang Hubungan Inisiasi Menyusui Dini (IMD) dengan Kelancaran Produksi Asi Pada Ibu Post Partum di Posyandu Desa Bangun Sari Baru Tanjung Morawa Tahun 2021.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian descriptive correlation pendekatan Cross sectional. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada Juli 2021 sampai dengan Agustus 2021. Populasi berjumlah 31 orang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 31 orang. Hasil Penelitian didapat bahwa Inisiasi Menyusui Dini (IMD) di Posyandu Desa Bangun Sari Baru Tanjung Morawa mayoritas tidak melakukan IMD dan Kelancaran Produksi ASI di Posyandu Desa Bangun Sari Baru Tanjung Morawa mayoritas tidak lancar. Berdasarkan hasil uji chisquare didapatkan bahwa inisiasi menyusui dini (p=0,018<0,05). Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah tenaga kesehatan dapat lebih  meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu akan pentingnya melakukan IMD sehingga dapat terpenuhi gizi untuk tumbuh kembang bayi serta kelancaran produksi asi dengan memberikan penyuluhan dan informasi terkait hal tersebut. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat Hubungan Inisiasi Menyusui Dini (IMD) dengan Kelancaran Produksi Asi Pada Ibu Post Partum di Posyandu Desa Bangun Sari Baru Tanjung Morawa Tahun 2021.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN KADER DENGAN ASI EKSLUSIF DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS DATUK BANDAR TAHUN 2021
Authors: Fuzi Astuti Tanjung Meni
Published: February 2022

ASI Eksklusif adalah pemberian ASI kepada bayi 0-6 bulan dari ibu tanpa menambahkan makanan ataupun minuman apapun kepada bayi. Jenis penelitian deskriptif korelatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan kader dengan cakupan ASI eksklusif di Puskesmas Datuk Bandar Kota Tanjung Balai Tahun 2021. Alat pengumpul data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 67 orang.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar kader memiliki pengetahuan baik sebanyak 37 orang (55,2%), dan kader minoritas memiliki pengetahuan kurang yaitu sebanyak 2 orang (3,0%). Sebagian besar kader dengan cakupan dalam kategori terpenuhi yaitu 41 orang (61,2%) dan kader minoritas dengan cakupan dalam kategori tidak terpenuhi yaitu sebanyak 26 orang (38,8%). Hasil uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov diperoleh p value = 0,000 (p<0,05), artinya terdapat hubungan antara dua variabel yang diteliti.
Disarankan kepada kader dan petugas kesehatan Puskesmas Datuk Bandar diharapkan untuk terus meningkatkan pengetahuannya dengan melakukan penyuluhan tentang ASI Eksklusif kepada Ibu balita agar dapat meningkatkan cakupan ASI eksklusif di wilayah kerjanya.
sebanyak 2 orang (3,0%). Sebagian besar kader dengan cakupan dalam kategori terpenuhi yaitu 41 orang (61,2%) dan kader minoritas dengan cakupan dalam kategori tidak terpenuhi yaitu sebanyak 26 orang (38,8%). Hasil uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov diperoleh p value = 0,000 (p<0,05), artinya terdapat hubungan antara dua variabel yang diteliti.
Disarankan kepada kader dan petugas kesehatan Puskesmas Datuk Bandar diharapkan untuk terus meningkatkan pengetahuannya dengan melakukan penyuluhan tentang ASI Eksklusif kepada Ibu balita agar dapat meningkatkan cakupan ASI eksklusif di wilayah kerjanya.
THE ASSOCIATION OF THE MTNR1B AND THE СYP1А1 GЕNЕ PОLYMОRPHISMS WITH THE LЕVЕL ОF MELATONIN AND THE RISK ОF ОBSTRUСTIVЕ SLЕЕP АPNЕА/HYPОPNЕА SYNDROME DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Grоdnо Stаtе Mеdiсаl Univеrsity, V.I. Shyshkо , А.А. Kаrpоviсh ,   Grоdnо Stаtе Mеdiсаl Univеrsity, V.А. Snеzhitskiy ,   Grоdnо Stаtе Mеdiсаl Univеrsity, I.А. Kurstаk ,   Grоdnо Stаtе Mеdiсаl Univеrsity
Published: February 2022

Purpose. To study the prevalence of polymorphic variants of the MTNR1B gene and C6310T locus of the CYP1A1 gene in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and to analyze their association with melatonin levels and the risk of OSAS development. Pаtiеnts аnd mеthоds. Wе еxаminеd 40 pаtiеnts with ОSАS аnd 46 соntrоls. Tо diаgnоsе ОSАS thе rеspirаtоry mоnitоring wаs pеrfоrmеd. Thе lеvеl оf mеlаtоnin wаs аssеssеd by thе quаntity оf urinаry 6-sulfаtоxymеlаtоnin. Gеnоtyping оf DNА sаmplеs wаs pеrfоrmеd using Rеаl-timе PСR. Rеsults. ОSАS pаtiеnts shоwеd stаtistiсаlly signifiсаnt оссurrеnсе оf gеnоtypе СС MTNR1B (χ2 = 9.05, р = 0.003). СС gеnоtypе саrriеrs еxhibit highеr lеvеl оf 6-sulfаtоxymеlаtоnin in 24-hоur urinе аs соmpаrеd tо СG оr GG gеnоtypе саrriеrs (87.14 (46.62; 127.34) vs 39.28 (10.83; 85.92), р = 0.0040), аnd in dаily urinе (100.32 (49.55; 166.64) vs 64.94 (24.05; 93.02), р = 0.018). Pоsitivе аssосiаtiоn bеtwееn СС саrriеr stаtus аnd thе lеvеl оf 6-sulfаtоxymеlаtоnin in 24-hоur urinе (r = 0.56, р = 0.00001), in dаily urinе (r = 0.43, р = 0.0011), аs wеll аs thе аpnеа/hypоpnеа indеx (r = 0.33, р = 0.01) wаs еstаblishеd. Nо stаtistiсаlly signifiсаnt diffеrеnсеs in thе inсidеnсе оf vаriоus gеnоtypеs оf С6310Т pоlymоrphiс lосus of the СYP1А1 gеnе in pаtiеnts with ОSАS аnd withоut thе syndrоmе wеrе fоund (χ2 = 0.42, р = 0.52). Thе аnаlysis оf 6-sulfаtоxymеlаtоnin lеvеl in rеlаtiоn tо thе rеvеаlеd the СYP1А1 pоlymоrphism did nоt shоw аny signifiсаnt diffеrеnсеs еithеr. Соnсlusiоn. Thе risk оf ОSАS in СС саrriеrs is 4.10-fоld highеr аs соmpаrеd tо СG аnd GG саrriеrs оf the MTNR1B gеnе (СI 95% 1.65-10.21). СС саrriеr stа- tus is аssосiаtеd with highеr lеvеl оf 6-sulfаtоxymеlаtоnin. Thе inсrеаsе in 6-sulfаtоxymеlаtоnin lеvеl in ОSАS pаtiеnts is nоt rеlаtеd tо thе pесuliаritiеs оf this hоrmоnе mеtаbоlism in сytосhrоmе P 450 systеm.
CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGINING IN VIRAL MYOCARDITIS IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19: UNSOLVED PROBLEMS
Authors:   Republican Scientific and Practical Center Cardiology, T. Ilyina , A. Pleshko ,   Belarusian State Medical University, T. Korotkaya ,   Minsk City Emergency Hospital, N. Mitkovskaya ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center Cardiology,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: February 2022

Cardiac manifestations in COVID-19, including myocardial injury with elevated troponin levels, are common. Myocarditis has been reported as a possible complication in coronavirus patients, but direct evidence for SARS-CoV-2 myocarditis remains limited. The described series of histopathological confirmations of myocarditis in COVID-19 differ in severity and interpretation Clinical manifestations of non-ischemic myocardial injury are nonspecific, dif- ferential diagnosis is even more difficult due to the complications after viral pneumonia. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CMRI) is a powerful tool for studying structural and functional changes in myocardial injury. New pulse sequences of parametric mapping with determination of the T1 and T2 relaxation times of the myocardium are a unique method for quantitative assessment of the myocardium tissue. Within 6 months in 2021, we retrospectively analyzed the CMRI results of 45 patients with COVID-19 at the Republican Scientific and Practical Center “Cardiology”. The percentage of patients with positive criteria for Lake Louise myocarditis was 18% (n = 8). The elevated reference values of T2 ≥ 2σ up to 33% was the most frequent pathological change in myocardial tissue characteristics. There is significant variability in the published data collection as to the prevalence of myocarditis associated with different research methodologies in studies and discrepancies in the interpretation of MRI-mapping data. This brief review is aimed at revising and summari- zing current knowledge on myocarditis in COVID-19 patients and highlight the problems of CMRI diagnostics.
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND HEART DISEASE – IS IT REALLY RELEVANT?
Authors:   Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovskyy, A.P. Rebrov
Published: February 2022

The article presents data on clinically significant heart impairment in pa- tients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as well as features of the development of ischemic and non-ischemic heart disease with a significant increase in the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Patients with RA are characterized by an increased risk of developing myocardial infarction, heart failure, rhythm disturbances, sudden cardiac death, and general cardiovascular death. The paper emphasizes the possibility of a fairly rapid development of myocardial dysfunction in patients with RA from the moment of manifestation of the disease, the develop- ment and progression of atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries. Besides, in case of the development of a coronary artery disease in RApatients, theworst survival rate after aheart attack wasestablished. The available findings suggest that rheumatoid arthritis is adisease that makesa significant contribution to cardiovascular morbidity andmortality.
Agricultural management effects on mean and extreme temperature trends
Authors: Gormley-Gallagher Aine M. , Sterl Sebastian , Hirsch Annette L. , Seneviratne Sonia I. , Davin Edouard L. , Thiery Wim
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Understanding and quantifying land management impacts on local climate is
important for distinguishing between the effects of land management and
large-scale climate forcings. This study for the first time explicitly
considers the radiative forcing resulting from realistic land management and
offers new insights into the local land surface response to land management.
Regression-based trend analysis is applied to observations and present-day
ensemble simulations with the Community Earth System Model (CESM) version 1.2.2 to assess the impact of irrigation and conservation agriculture (CA)
on warming trends using an approach that is less sensitive to temperature
extremes. At the regional scale, an irrigation- and CA-induced acceleration
of the annual mean near-surface air temperature (T2m) warming trends
and the annual maximum daytime temperature (TXx) warming trends were
evident. Estimation of the impact of irrigation and CA on the spatial
average of the warming trends indicated that irrigation and CA have a pulse
cooling effect on T2m and TXx, after which the warming trends increase
at a greater rate than the control simulations. This differed at the local
(subgrid) scale under irrigation where surface temperature cooling and the
dampening of warming trends were both evident. As the local surface warming
trends, in contrast to regional trends, do not account for atmospheric
(water vapour) feedbacks, their dampening confirms the importance of
atmospheric feedbacks (water vapour forcing) in explaining the enhanced
regional trends. At the land surface, the positive radiative forcing signal
arising from enhanced atmospheric water vapour is too weak to offset the
local cooling from the irrigation-induced increase in the evaporative
fraction. Our results underline that agricultural management has complex and non-negligible impacts on the local climate and highlight the need to
evaluate the representation of land management in global climate models
using climate models of higher resolution.
Using neural network ensembles to separate ocean biogeochemical and physical drivers of phytoplankton biogeography in Earth system models
Authors: Holder Christopher , Gnanadesikan Anand , Aude-Pradal Marie
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Earth system models (ESMs) are useful tools for
predicting and understanding past and future aspects of the climate system.
However, the biological and physical parameters used in ESMs can have wide
variations in their estimates. Even small changes in these parameters can
yield unexpected results without a clear explanation of how a particular
outcome was reached. The standard method for estimating ESM sensitivity is
to compare spatiotemporal distributions of variables from different runs of
a single ESM. However, a potential pitfall of this method is that ESM output
could match observational patterns because of compensating errors. For
example, if a model predicts overly weak upwelling and low nutrient
concentrations, it might compensate for this by allowing phytoplankton to
have a high sensitivity to nutrients. Recently, we demonstrated that neural
network ensembles (NNEs) are capable of extracting relationships between
predictor and target variables within ocean biogeochemical models. Being
able to view the relationships between variables, along with spatiotemporal
distributions, allows for a more mechanistically based examination of ESM
outputs. Here, we investigated whether we could apply NNEs to help us
determine why different ESMs produce different spatiotemporal distributions
of phytoplankton biomass. We tested this using three cases. The first and
second case used different runs of the same ESM, except that the physical
circulations differed between them in the first case, while the biological
equations differed between them in the second. Our results indicated that
the NNEs were capable of extracting the relationships between variables for
different runs of a single ESM, allowing us to distinguish between
differences due to changes in circulation (which do not change
relationships) from changes in biogeochemical formulation (which do change
relationships). In the third case, we applied NNEs to two different ESMs.
The results of the third case highlighted the capability of NNEs to contrast
the apparent relationships of different ESMs and some of the challenges it
presents. Although applied specifically to the ocean components of an ESM,
our study demonstrates that Earth system modelers can use NNEs to separate
the contributions of different components of ESMs. Specifically, this allows
modelers to compare the apparent relationships across different ESMs and
observational datasets.
Long-term water clarity patterns of lakes across China using Landsat series imagery from 1985 to 2020
Authors: Chen Xidong , Liu Liangyun , Zhang Xiao , Li Junsheng , Wang Shenglei , Gao Yuan , Mi Jun
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Monitoring the water clarity of lakes is essential for the sustainable development of human society. However, existing water clarity assessments in China have mostly focused on lakes with areas > 1 km2, and the monitoring periods were mainly in the 21st century. In order to improve the understanding of spatiotemporal variations in lake clarity across China, based on the Google Earth Engine cloud platform, a 30 m long-term LAke Water Secchi Depth (SD) dataset (LAWSD30) of China (1985–2020) was first developed using Landsat series imagery and a robust water-color-parameter-based SD model. The LAWSD30 dataset exhibited a good performance compared with concurrent in situ SD datasets, with an R2 of 0.86 and a root-mean-square error of 0.225 m. Then, based on our LAWSD30 dataset, long-term spatiotemporal variations in SD for lakes > 0.01 km2 (N = 40,973) across China were evaluated. The results show that the SD of lakes with areas ≤ 1 km2 exhibited a significant downward trend in the period 1985–2020, but the decline rate began to slow down and stabilized after 2001. In addition, the SD of lakes with an area > 1 km2 showed a significant downward trend before 2001, and began to increase significantly afterwards. Moreover, in terms of the spatial patterns, the proportion of small lakes (area ≤ 1 km2) showing a decreasing SD trend was the largest in the Mongolian–Xinjiang Plateau Region (MXR) (about 30.0 %), and the smallest in the Eastern Plain Region (EPR) (2.6 %). In contrast, for lakes > 1 km2, this proportion was the highest in MXR (about 23.0 %), and the lowest in the Northeast Mountain Plain Region (NER) (16.1 %). The LAWSD30 dataset and the spatiotemporal patterns of lake water clarity in our research can provide effective guidance for the protection and management of lake environment in China.
Synthesis of trigonometric motion programs with lower motion characteristics
Authors: Hsu Kuan-Lun
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Motion characteristics are dimensionless peak values of
velocity, acceleration, jerk, and acceleration multiplied by velocity of a
motion program. In general, these peak values of synthesized motion programs should be as low as possible. Some trigonometric motion programs are widely used because they have a good compromise of all motion characteristics. A property in common for trigonometric motion programs is that their acceleration functions can be expressed as a qualitative shape of a sinusoidal function. The interval of the sinusoidal function is divided into several zones having different linear slopes. The acceleration function can be easily shaped by specifying presented phase angle function to synthesize desired motion programs. To improve the kinematic quantities of trigonometric motion programs, this paper addresses an alternative phase angle function to obtain synthesized motion programs with simultaneous reduction in all the motion characteristics. The synthesis process and results are illustrated by examples.
On the correlation between a sub-level qualifier refining the danger level with observations and models relating to the contributing factors of avalanche danger
Authors: Techel Frank , Mayer Stephanie , Pérez-Guillén Cristina , Schmudlach Günter , Winkler Kurt
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Forecasting avalanche danger at a regional scale is a largely data-driven, yet also experience-based decision-making process. In the case of public avalanche forecasts, this process terminates in an expert judgment concerning summarizing avalanche conditions by using one of five danger levels. This strong simplification of the continuous, multi-dimensional nature of avalanche hazard allows for efficient communication but inevitably leads to a loss of information. Intending to overcome the discrepancy between determining the final target output in higher resolution while maintaining the well-established standard of assessing and communicating avalanche hazard using the avalanche danger scale, avalanche forecasters at the national avalanche warning service in Switzerland used an approach that combines absolute and relative judgments. First, forecasters make an absolute judgment using the five-level danger scale. In a second step, a relative judgment is made by specifying a sub-level describing the avalanche conditions relative to the chosen danger level. This approach takes into account the human ability to reliably estimate only a certain number of classes. Here, we analyze these (yet unpublished) sub-levels, comparing them with data representing the three contributing factors of avalanche hazard, snowpack stability, the frequency distribution of snowpack stability, and avalanche size. We analyze both data used in operational avalanche forecasting and data independent of the forecast, going back five years. Using a sequential analysis, we first establish which data is suitable and in which part of the danger scale by comparing their distributions at consecutive danger levels. In a second step, integrating these findings, we compare the frequency of locations with poor snow stability and the number and size of avalanches with the forecast sub-level. Overall, we find good agreement: a higher sub-level is generally related to more locations with poor snow stability and more avalanches of larger size. These results suggest that on average avalanche forecasters can make avalanche danger assessments with higher resolution than the five-level danger scale. Our findings are specific to the current forecast set up in Switzerland. However, we believe that avalanche warning services making a hazard assessment using a similar temporal and spatial scale as currently used in Switzerland should also be able to refine their assessments if (1) relevant data is sufficiently available in time and space, and (2) if a similar approach combining absolute and relative judgment is used. The sub-levels increase the predictive value of the forecast, opening the discussion on how this information could be provided to forecast users.
Invited perspectives: A community perspective on natural hazards key challenges and the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Šakić Trogrlić Robert , Donovan Amy , Malamud Bruce D.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. In this paper, we present the views of 350 members of the Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (NHESS) readership concerning (i) the key challenges in natural hazard sciences and (ii) the broad step changes necessary in the natural hazard research to help facilitate the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals. We have analysed the data quantitatively and qualitatively, and note that while the most common knowledge gaps are felt to be around components of knowledge about risk drivers, the step changes that the community felt were necessary related more to issues of interdisciplinary working and stakeholder engagement.
Pemanfaatan Minyak Ikan Gabus terhadap Tingkat Kelangsungan Hidup dan Pertumbuhan Benih Ikan Gabus (Channa striata)
Authors: Purnama Aulia Fitrah , Nursyahran Nursyahran , Heriansah Heriansah
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi minyak ikan gabus yang berbeda pada pakan terhadap sintasan dan pertumbuhan pada benih ikan gabus.  Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi tentang pengaruh konsentrasi minyak ikan gabus pada pakan buatan terhadap sintasan dan pertumbuhan benih ikan gabus.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober-November 2019. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Hatchery Air Tawar Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkep.  Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan perlakuan yaitu pengkayaan minyak ikan gabus pada pakan pellet, masing-masing dengan konsentrasi 10% (A), 15% (B), 20% (C) dan tanpa penambahan minyak ikan gabus (kontrol). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga diperoleh 12 unit percobaan.   Variabel penelitian terdiri dari tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan benih ikan gabus.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan minyak ikan gabus berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat kelangsungan hidup benih ikan gabus. Demikian pula dengan pertumbuhan mutlak, penambahan minyak ikan gabus berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan.  Hasil uji lanjut menunjukkan penambahan minyak ikan gabus 15% meningkatkan kelangsungan (96%) dan pertumbuhan (0.12 g) secara signifikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan dosis lainnya. Dengan demikian maka penambahan minyak ikan gabus dosis 15% merupakan konsentrasi terbaik untuk meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan benih ikan lele.
De locuciones cansinas a acciones propagandísticas: argumentos contra el lenguaje inclusivo en el columnismo lingüístico español (1980-2020)
Authors: Pano Alamán Ana
Published: February 2022

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de un análisis pragmalingüístico cualitativo de los principales argumentos empleados en la prensa española para censurar algunas de las propuestas surgidas en las últimas décadas para fomentar el uso inclusivo de la lengua. La investigación, que se enmarca dentro de los proyectos DISMUPREN y METAPRES-COLING, se ha realizado sobre un corpus de columnas sobre la lengua, publicadas en la prensa entre 1980 y 2020, con un doble objetivo: por un lado, contribuir a ampliar los estudios sobre el tratamiento del lenguaje inclusivo en la prensa cubriendo un periodo de cuatro décadas para llegar hasta la actualidad; por otro lado, ver qué propuestas para un uso igualitario de la lengua se han abordado en estos textos e identificar las estrategias argumentativas adoptadas por sus autores cuando las rechazan.
Sobre los dobletes de género y cuestiones gramaticales conexas.
Authors: Martínez Linares M.ª Antonia
Published: February 2022

Este trabajo analiza la consideración que han merecido, especialmente a partir del “Informe Bosque”, los dobletes de género planteados por guías y manuales de lenguaje no sexista, así como su incorporación a distintos tipos de discurso y las dificultades que plantean en determinados contextos sintácticos. Para ello, además de examinar las propuestas sobre el uso de los dobletes que presentan algunas guías y manuales, se han revisado opiniones sobre la validez o utilidad de los desdobles recogidas en trabajos académicos, blogs, artículos periodísticos y columnas lingüísticas; se ha tomado en consideración la visión que ofrecen sobre el uso real de los dobletes en diversos ámbitos; finalmente se han analizado, ilustrándolas con textos tomados de Internet, algunas de las dificultades lingüísticas que se han venido asociando a su aplicación en ciertas combinaciones y contextos sintácticos
Actitudes del alumnado universitario ante el lenguaje inclusivo y su debate en los medios de comunicación
Authors: Cremades Raúl , Fernández-Portero Ignacio
Published: February 2022

El debate sobre el uso del lenguaje inclusivo no es nuevo en países como España e Italia, pero su repercusión se ha visto multiplicada en los últimos años por las redes sociales y los medios de comunicación. Esta investigación pretende analizar las actitudes del alumnado universitario ante el lenguaje igualitario y ante el debate público sobre su uso. Para ello se ha llevado a cabo un estudio transeccional descriptivo con modelo mixto a través de cuatro instrumentos: cuestionario, foro, actividades y grupo de discusión. La muestra ha estado compuesta por estudiantes (N=242) de dos universidades de España e Italia y de cinco titulaciones. Entre las conclusiones obtenidas destaca el amplio grado de aceptación del lenguaje inclusivo por parte del alumnado universitario, así como su convicción de que el debate reflejado en los medios de comunicación puede beneficiar a la sociedad en su camino hacia una mayor igualdad
The perception of empathy.
Authors: Sanahuges Carme , Curell Hortènsia
Published: February 2022

In the present article, we aim to identify, analyse and correlate the variables underlying the perception of empathy based on the evaluations made by the role play participants of their own interactions. The subjects, whose L1 was either Catalan or English, held a conversation dealing with a trouble that aimed to elicit an empathic response. Each participant assessed the effects that those dyad dialogues had on them by completing a questionnaire in which different elements were included depending on whether they were the empathy receiver or the empath provider. Although partially grounded on conversational aspects, the analysis of the items favours a more psychology-oriented approach since they involve subjective cognitive and emotional factors. The results show the positive effects of empathy-related verbal strategies on the empathy receiver and the central importance of understanding and appraisal in the construction of empathy. The results also point to the mutual influence of interactional participants on each other. By identifying the significant correlations established between the variables considered, we hope to contribute to the understanding of the impact of empathic conversations on the participants.
El tono de la ofrenda a los mallkus en el Collasuyu. Correlatos arqueológicos para imágenes de flautas en Guamán Poma (siglos XIV-XVI)
Authors: Gudemos Mónica , Horta Tricallotis Helena
Published: February 2022

Este trabajo aborda el análisis de un objeto óseo arqueológico procedente de Chiuchiu (río Loa, norte de Chile), perteneciente hoy a la colección del Museo de América de Madrid. Su estudio musicológico y contextual -así como su correspondiente comparación con otros objetos óseos similares- nos permite presentar aquí las argumentaciones por las cuales consideramos, que dicho objeto podría tratarse de una flauta como las dibujadas por Guamán Poma en relación con ritos del Collasuyu, en su obra Nueva Corónica y Buen Gobierno [1615]. La correlación que aquí establecemos entre este tipo de flauta y otros elementos arqueológicos referidos al atuendo y los adornos personales de los individuos retratados, nos permiten proponer que la flauta tubular bi-diametral habría sido propia del acervo musical de los Colla y de su especial estética sonora. Con ello establecemos, por una parte, una marcada diferencia cultural respecto de la flauta longitudinal tipo quena, y por otra parte, ampliamos el conjunto de objetos ya conocidos como indicadores de la filiación altiplánica. Así, proponemos que esta flauta ósea habría sido el instrumento musical utilizado en las ceremonias y ritos llevados a cabo por los señores del Collasuyu, tanto en tiempos preincaicos como bajo el dominio del Tawantinsuyu.
Effectiveness of actions intended to achieve a voluntary transition from the use of lead to non-lead shotgun ammunition for hunting in Britain
Authors: Green Rhys E. , Taggart Mark A. , Pain Deborah J. , Clark Nigel A. , Clewley Louise , Cromie Ruth , Dodd Stephanie G. , Elliot Bob , Green Ros M.W. , Huntley Brian , Huntley Jacqui , Pap Sabolc , Porter Richard , Robinson James A. , Sheldon Rob , Smith Ken W. , Smith Linda , Spencer Jonathan , Stroud David
Published: February 2022

In 2020, nine major UK shooting and rural organisations proposed a voluntary transition from the use for hunting of lead shotgun ammunition to non-lead alternatives. The major food retailer Waitrose & Partners has announced its intention to move to not supplying game meat products from animals killed using any kind of lead ammunition and the National Game Dealers Association announced a plan for a similar policy to be implemented in 2022. The SHOT-SWITCH research project, which is intended to monitor the progress of these voluntary initiatives, began in the 2020/2021 shooting season. The project monitors changes in the proportions of wild-shot common pheasants Phasianus colchicus available to consumers in Great Britain that had been killed using lead and non-lead shotgun ammunition, as assessed by using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry to identify the composition of shotgun pellets recovered from carcasses. In 2020/2021, 99.4% of the pheasants sampled had been killed using lead ammunition. We report here further results from this study for the 2021/2022 season. We found that 99.5% of the 215 pheasants from which shotgun pellets were recovered had been killed using lead ammunition. We conclude that the shooting and rural organisations’ joint statement and two years of their considerable efforts in education, awareness-raising and promotion, have not yet had a detectable effect on the ammunition types used by hunters who supply pheasants to the British game meat market.
EDITORIAL: Creating testable questions in practical conservation: a process and 100 questions
Authors: Sutherland William J. , Robinson Jake M. , Aldridge David C. , Alamenciak tim , Armes Matthew , Baranduin Nina , Bladon Andrew J. , Breed Martin F. , Dyas Nicki , Elphick Chris S. , Griffiths Richard A. , Hughes Jonny , Middleton Beccy , Littlewood Nick A. , Mitchell Roger , Morgan William H. , Mosley Roy , Petrovan Silviu O. , Prendergast Kit , Ritchie Euan G. , Raven Hugh , Smith Rebecca K. , Watts Sarah H. , Thornton Ann
Published: February 2022

It is now clear that the routine embedding of experiments into conservation practice is essential for creating reasonably comprehensive evidence of the effectiveness of actions. However, an important barrier is the stage of identifying testable questions that are both useful but also realistic to carry out without a major research project. We identified approaches for generating such suitable questions. A team of 24 participants crowdsourced suggestions, resulting in a list of a hundred possible tests of actions.
Influence of accelerated electrons on the structure, crystallite size and surface of a TlIn1-xCrxS2 crystal with x = 0.01
Authors: Таshмеtоv M.Yu. , Khаllоkоv F.K. , Ismatov N.B. , Umarov S.Kh.
Published: February 2022

In this work, we studied the effect of electron irradiation on the structure and morphology of the surface of a single crystal and polycrystal TlIn1-xCrxS2 (x=0.01). Irradiation of a TlIn1-xCrxS2 single crystal with electrons with an energy of 2 MeV and a fluence of 2×1017 electron/cm2 leads to an increase in the maximum value of the mean arithmetic deviation of the profile from Ra=5.4 nm to Ra=25.2 nm, and also leads to an increase in the height of the average roughness from Rz=72.0 nm to Rz=152.9 nm. Irradiation of powder TlIn1-xCrxS2 with electrons with a fluence of 2×1017 electron/cm2 promotes an increase in the crystallite size from 36.87 nm to 41.76 nm, which is most likely associated with a decrease in size of the interface.
Экспериментальное обоснование эффективности использования метода спектроскопии КР в процессе комплексных аналитических исследований
Authors: Ротштейн Владимир М. , Ашуров Х.Б. , Ашуров Р.Х.
Published: February 2022

В работе продемонстрирована высокая эффективность использования Раман спектрометра при проведении комплексных исследований в составе аналитического оборудования. На примере анализа спектров КР образцов карбида кремния, по наличию спектральных полос 194, 777 и 827 см−1, определена принадлежность образца монокристаллического карбида кремния к 4Н политипу. Спектры КР образцов селенида кадмия использовали для контроля за аморфной и кристаллической фазами в пленках селенида кадмия. Отжиг образца селенида кадмия при температуре 800°С приводит к значительному уменьшению интенсивности спектральной полосы, соответствующей аморфной составляющей. Характерные изменения, происходящие в монокристаллическом кремнии в процессе имплантации бора с разной концентрацией, исследованы также методом спектроскопии КР. Детально рассмотрены уширения и смещения пика по частоте, свидетельствующие о возникновении напряжений, деформаций и дефектов в кристаллической решетке, являющихся результатом процесса ионной имплантации бора.
New developments in financial statement analysis. Liquidity in the winery sector
Authors: Arimany-Serrat Núria , Farreras-Noguer M. Àngels , Coenders Germà
Published: February 2022

The aim of this article is to analyse the short-term solvency of large companies in the wine sector in the period 2014-2018, in two relevant Spanish wine-production areas and assess significant differences in time and between regions. Liquidity is a direct threat to the financial health of companies and is analysed using standard financial indicators and compositional data, in order to prevent the common outlier, non-linearity and asymmetry problems in standard financial ratios. The study shows that the compositional ratios are statistically more adequate and that the turnover indicator between operating cash inflows with respect to current investments and operating cash outflows with respect to current liabilities is a complementary indicator to standard cash flow ratios. Wineries in La Rioja have better liquidity than Catalan wineries in the period under study.
The effectiveness of the determinants of banking credit growth
Authors: Norawati Suarni , Zulher Zulher , Kasmawati Kasmawati , Ratnasih Cicih
Published: February 2022

This study discusses the variables that can determine the growth of bank credit in Indonesia. The selected independent variables are the control of third-party funds and operating costs on credit growth. The analytical method used is multiple regression with Probit analysis to see the lag-1 and lag-2 data categories. The results obtained that the Control of Third Parties Funds and Operational Costs on Credit Growth obtained significant results according to the simultaneous hypothesis testing. It means that the third-party funds and the operating costs affect credit growth. Meanwhile, the third-party funds partially influence the dependent variable, namely credit growth. Finally, the operational costs partially influence the dependent variable, namely credit growth.
Determinant of net interest income of commercial banks in Indonesia
Authors: Prabantarikso R. Mahelan , Abidin Zaenal , Fahmy Edian , Tyastika Mayda , Nabila Amabel
Published: February 2022

This study aims to identify the factors that contribute to the formation of Net interest income (NII) for commercial banks in Indonesia in the short and long-term using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The results showed that in the short term all variables in each period tend to adjust to achieve long-term balance. In the short term, the variables that affect NII are credit and NPL of large and retail trade, construction credit, transportation credit and NPL warehousing and communication, as well as lending rate facility. While in the variable length figures that affect NII are credit variables and NPL large and retail trade, Credit and NPL Transportation, warehousing and communication, other credit and Third-Party Funds (Deposit) collected. The analysis of Impulse Response Function can be proven that NII most quickly achieves stability when dealing with the shocks of large trade and retail NPL. Meanwhile, in the Forecasting Variance Decomposition analysis, it can be concluded that the variable that gives the greatest contribution to NII is the amount of construction credit.
Nonreciprocal and non-Hermitian material response inspired by semiconductor transistors
Authors: Silveirinha Mario
Published: February 2022

In this talk, I will present an overview of the ongoing research work of my group on novel nonreciprocal and non-Hermitian metamaterials that have a bulk electromagnetic response inspired by the operation of a MOSFET transistor. We will show that such metamaterials enable rather exotic physics and can have potential applications in electromagnetic isolation or as wave amplifiers [1].
Addome acuto come presentazione di imene imperforato con idrometrocolpo nel neonato
Authors: Gaudino Giuseppina , Galeone Maria Antonia , Delehaye Chiara , Inserra Emanuela , Confetto Santino , Papparella Alfonso , Marte Antonio , Miraglia del Giudice Emanuele , Capristo Carlo , Montaldo Paolo
Published: February 2022

Imperforate hymen is a congenital anomaly in which the hymenal membrane has no opening with subsequent vaginal outlet obstruction. After maternal hormone stimulation there is an increased cervical mucous glands secretion, which gradually accumulates and expands forming a pelvic mass. Neonatal hydrometrocolpos is a dilatation of the vagina and uterus because of accumulation of secretions. A 39 + 4 weeks neonate was born by spontaneous vaginal delivery with normal antenatal scans. On day 2, she presented with irritability, poor feeding, abdominal tenderness and distention. Clinical examination revealed imperforate hymen with bulging of vaginal introitus. Subsequent abdominal ultrasound showed dilated vagina and uterus without urinary tract obstruction. The imperforate hymen was managed surgically with hymenal incision. Imperforate hymen is a rare but fearsome congenital disorder. Routine neonatal examination should include a careful inspection of the genitalia.
C’era una volta un bernoccolo...
Authors: Da Lozzo Prisca
Published: February 2022

An 8-year-old boy presenting with a long-standing cranial bumps was eventually diagnosed with bone fibrodysplasia. The clinical features of this condition and its possible association with McCune-Albright syndrome are discussed.
Determination of Mammalian Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Commercial Canine Treats and Supplements
Authors: Marquez Belen Perez , Larsen Jennifer A. , Fascetti Andrea J.
Published: February 2022

Feeding an elimination diet exclusively is currently the only accurate diagnostic test for an adverse food reaction in dogs and cats. However, owner compliance has been identified as a challenge, and the inability to limit exposure to other items (including treats and supplements) is a remarkable reason for failure. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the presence of declared and undeclared mammalian deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in commercially available canine treats and supplements using polymerase chain reaction methodology. Eight treat products and 20 supplement products were analyzed for the DNA of 10 mammalian species (bison, cat, cow, dog, goat, horse, mouse, rat, pig, and sheep). The results showed that 88% (7/8) of treats and 40% (8/20) of supplements were found to contain at least one source of undeclared mammalian DNA. Undeclared pig and cow DNA were the most frequently identified, and there were only two instances of negative results for declared species. Because of the frequent finding of undeclared mammalian DNA in the assessed products, avoiding using treats and supplements during elimination trials is recommended.
A Preliminary Assessment on the Accessibility of Urban Green Spaces: The Case of Bursa, Yıldırım
Authors: ATANUR Gül , ERSOY MİRİCİ Merve , ERSÖZ Nazlı Deniz , HAN Kübra
Published: February 2022

The irreversible reduction of urban open and green spaces has increased the environmental problems in cities on the one hand, and negatively affected the quality of urban life on the other. Bringing the city and nature together again has become a common concern for the environment-city-focused professions. Green infrastructure systems, one of the approaches put forward with these concerns by increasing the capacity of ecosystem services. Yıldırım, which was examined in this study, is one of the main districts of Bursa in terms of population and area. The lack of green space is intense in Yıldırım. Within the scope of the study, the pedestrian accessibility of green areas in selected 15 neighborhoods around Bursa Technical University was carried out. The results of the study show that while green areas are accessible, the neighborhoods have a critical situation in terms of the amount of green space per capita. It is aimed that the results obtained will constitute a base for studies that will evaluate green areas as an infrastructure element.