bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Property Crimes in the Blockchain Sphere: New Criminal Schemes and Their Criminal Law Assessment
Authors: Mkrtchian Sona
Published: February 2021

The sphere of blockchain and circulation of cryptocurrency should be recognized as one of the most dynamically developing branches of economy, and this claim is further supported by its unique features, such as the de-centralized character of the net, the anonymity of users and their actions, the inability to recall or reverse the transaction, and a high volatility of virtual currencies. These characteristics made the blockchain technology attractive not only for law-abiding individuals, but also for criminals. For a long time most legal scholars in Russia and abroad viewed the sphere of blockchain as the sphere of criminal actions connected with illegal trade in goods, services or materials, whose circulation is limited or forbidden (narcotic substances, arms, pornography, etc.), and with laundering of illegal gains or financing terrorism. Current global trends in combating cybercrime leave no doubt that the ideas of the invulnerability of the blockchain net to unsanctioned access through the modifications of codes, the use of malware, the invulnerability to thefts or other property crimes against users or the third party are rather utopian. The legislative practice of recent years shows that these trends have not yet been recognized in our country. The research presented in this article consisted in the analysis of property crimes in the sphere of blockchain that are most common in the global virtual space, including in its Russian segment. The author describes the options for the qualification of such criminal actions provided by the current legislation and used in Russian court practice. The author also identifies the cases when the texts of some Articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation do not match the level of public danger and the essence of criminal infringements against property committed with the use of information technologies, including the sphere of blockchain. A number of suggestions on improving the texts of Art. 158, 159.6, 165, 272 and 273 of the CC of the RF are presented.
Kriz Yönetiminde Kullanılan İletişim Stratejilerinin Etkinliği Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: ÇELEBİ Engin
Published: February 2021

Kriz yönetiminde, geçerli ve güvenilir kriz iletişim stratejilerinin belirlenmesi için kanıta dayalı araştırma verilerine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu ise bir kriz durumundan etkilenen kesimlerin kriz iletişim stratejilerine nasıl tepki verdiğinin anlaşılmasıyla ortaya çıkartılabilir. 301 kişi üzerinde yapılan bu araştırma ile bir kriz durumundan etkilenen kişilerin, krizden dolayı sorumlu tuttukları kuruluşla olan duygusal, düşünsel ve davranışsal ilişkilerinin kriz esnasında ve sonrasında nasıl değiştiği ortaya çıkartılmıştır. Araştırma verilerine göre; kuruluşlara duyulan güven ile krizin nedenine yönelik algılamalar arasında, krizde sorumluluk alınması durumu ile krizden sonra ilişkilerin sürdürülmesi arasında, kurumsal itibar ile kriz durumunun önlenebilirliği arasında ve kriz durumuna yönelik hata ile suçlanma durumu arasında olumlu yönde yüksek korelasyonlar bulunmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; krizden etkilenenler kriz durumunun nasıl ortaya çıktığıyla değil, krizin çözümüne ve mağduriyetlerin giderilmesine yönelik verilen mesajlara ilgi duymaktadır. Krizde sorumluluk alınmaması ve inkâr durumu; kuruluşlara yönelik güveni, kurumsal itibarı, duygusal ve davranışsal niyetleri olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir.
Abandono do acompanhamento de saúde infantil em serviços de saúde: revisão sistemática
Authors: Machado Cruz Shibukawa Bianca , Patricio Rissi Gabrieli , Tognollo Borota Uema Roberta , Garcia Lopes Merino Maria de Fátima , Higarashi Ieda Harumi
Published: February 2021

Objetivo:  analisar evidências das razões dos familiares que levam ao abandono do acompanhamento de saúde do recém-nascido, lactentes e pré-escolares em serviços de saúde infantil. Método: revisão sistemática de evidências qualitativas nas fontes de informação: Web of Science, Science Direct, CINAHL, SCOPUS, BDENF, PUBMED, EMBASE, LILACS, ASSIA, Sociological abstracts, Open Gray, Google Acadêmico, Dart-e, Cybertesis, Open Thesis, PeerJ Prepint, MedRxiv, BioRxiv e PsycINFO. Os títulos e resumos serão examinados por dois revisores independentes e os estudos relevantes serão recuperados na íntegra. A síntese de dados será executada pela extração de todas as descobertas de todos os trabalhos incluídos, desenvolvimento de categorias para descobertas semelhantes e desenvolvimento de descobertas sintetizadas de pelo menos duas categorias. As descobertas qualitativas da pesquisa, serão agrupadas com a abordagem de meta-agregação. Os resultados finais sintetizados serão classificados e apresentados em um resumo dos resultados.
THE HIGHER SCHOOL TEACHER'S IMAGE AS A COMPONENT OF PROFESSIONAL AND PEDAGOGICAL CULTURE
Authors: Kuzmenko N. , Varvaretska G.
Published: February 2021

The article points out that the modern tendencies of education are the modernization of it's content, forms and methods, development and testing of new educational and psychological technologies, the emergence of new types of educational institutions. These changes, in turn, depend on require the constant work of the head of the educational institution over the image of their institution, their own image and the reputation of research and teaching staff. The article deals with the most important components without which the formation of a positive image of a high school teacher is not possible. It was revealed that one of the factors for creating a positive image of the future specialist is the educational environment of the higher education institution and, in particular, the influence of the teaching staff. The role of the teacher's image in the formation of students' professional and personal qualities was analyzed. The essence of the concept of pedagogical image, its formation and development, functions of image, structure of personal image are determined. These include, in particular, professional competence, universal values, moral standards, managerial culture and technology of self-presentation. The article provides examples of the influence of the teacher's appearance on the level of information assimilation by students. The connection between the components of the image and the components of the teacher's pedagogical skill of the institution of higher education was established, the interdependence of teacher's positive image and his or her humanistic orientation was determined. The ways of formation teacher's positive image and development of pedagogical skill are outlined. The types of public image are defined, kinetic and speech image are characterized. The article substantiates that the teacher's positive pedagogical image is able to promote the rise of the efficiency of pedagogical activity and is able to shape the style of social behavior of the high school teacher. Research on this problem and recent publications of domestic and foreign scientists are analyzed.
The option of surgery for gastric stump cancer in patients who have previously undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Akhmetzyanov F Sh , Valiev N A , Egorov V I , Shaymardanov M I
Published: February 2021

Gastric stump cancer is a carcinoma which forms no earlier than 5years after surgery for benign disease. The incidence ranges from 2.4 to 5% among patients with stomach cancer. Previous operations lead to the emergence of an adhesive process in the abdominal cavity, changes in the anatomy and topography of the abdominal organs, as well as the development of new ways of lymph outflow. These factors lead to the re-surgery becomes technically more complicated and requires high professional training from the surgeon. Of particular surgical interest is the issue of restoration of the digestive tract, which directly depends on the nature and volume of the previous surgery. In this paper, the authors describe cases of surgical treatment of gastric stump cancer in two patients, who had previously undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy.
Modern methods of surgical treatment of staghorn nephrolithiasis
Authors: Sitdykova M E , Viktorov E A , Zubkov A Ju
Published: February 2021

Staghorn nephrolithiasis is a form of urolithiasis characterized by kidney stones formation that partially or completely fills the collecting system. Staghorn nephrolithiasis has a malignant course, accompanied by collecting system retention and impaired renal function. This pathology is a common cause of disability, which is particularly importance in the context of its prevalence among people of working age. The review systematizes the currently relevant data on surgery of staghorn nephrolithiasis, presents methods of surgical treatment, defines the selection options within them, their advantages and disadvantages, indications, contraindications and complications. This information can help in making an informed decision and increase the effectiveness of treatment for patients with that disease. At the moment, there is an arsenal of treatment options for staghorn nephrolithiasis, among them minimally invasive high-tech operations are the most advanced and recognized as the methods of choice. The modernization of existing technologies increases their efficiency and safety, but their high cost and the impossibility of using in some cases often make one prefer more traumatic radical interventions. Traditional surgery remains a reliable method of treatment, allowing simultaneous operations and treatment of complex cases of the disease. The possibility of combining existing methods allows for the effective removal of staghorn stones in different groups of patients. Thus, a careful and differentiated approach to the methods of surgical treatment of staghorn nephrolithiasis, their use in combination allows ensuring high efficiency of surgical treatment of this pathology.
Relevance of the problem and the current situation with infectious morbidity in the Russian ­Federation
Authors: Kravchenko I E , Galieva A M , Vafin A Yu
Published: February 2021

The article provides an overview of domestic and foreign literary sources devoted to an urgent challenge in modern health care infectious morbidity. The extraordinary socio-economic importance of infectious diseases at the present stage throughout the world, including in the Russian Federation, based on their global spread and high economic losses associated with disability, treatment costs and anti-epidemic measures. In recent decades, the emergence of previously unknown new infectious diseases and the return of old infections, many of which pose a high epidemiological danger and are characterized by high mortality, have been noted. Among the significant reasons for the emergence of new infections, an increase in infectious diseases, changes in the nature of the course of known diseases, it is necessary to note such reasons as a change in a person's lifestyle and the introduction of new technologies. In Russia, a high incidence of acute respiratory infections is recorded annually. An increase in the incidence of acute intestinal infections of viral etiology and a decrease in the incidence of these diseases of bacterial etiology are noted. An urgent problem is the high level of morbidity and mortality from infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus, as well as the incidence of chronic viral hepatitis and an increase in mortality from their unfavorable outcomes. Natural focal infections remain an important problem, among which hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and tick-borne infections occupy a significant place. The threat of the invasion of infections that cause emergencies in the field of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population into the Russian Federation territory remains. Infectious diseases are becoming one of the leading causes of premature mortality in the working-age population. In 2020, the Russian Federation faced the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, which led to high morbidity and mortality. Thus, infectious diseases are an urgent problem for the Russian Federation at the present stage, necessitates the development of a targeted program to reduce morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases.
Locating Faulty Planet Gears Using External Vibration Measurements
Authors: Peng D , Smith W A , Randall R B
Published: February 2021

In this study, a mesh phasing-based approach is developed
to locate the positions of faulty planet gears using external
vibration measurements. Previous studies have illustrated how
this can be achieved using internal vibration measurements
recorded from a sensor placed on the planet carrier. It was
shown in these studies that the timing of identifiable fault
symptoms in the vibration signal relative to the phase of the
gear-mesh component depends on which of the planet gears
carries a fault. A signal processing technique is then developed
to locate the position of a spalled gear using internal vibration
measurements. However, internally mounted sensors are not
commonly used in planetary gearboxes and it is much more
convenient to mount sensors externally, for example on the
gearbox casing. Therefore, this study extends the concept
of using mesh phasing relationships to locate faulty planet
gears, this time using external vibration measurements. The
updated procedure is validated using experimental data
collected from a test-rig running under a range of operating
conditions. The results show that the updated procedure is
able to identify the locations of faulty planet gears so long as
an absolute phase reference (for example from a tachometer)
of the planet carrier is available.
Poczucie własnej skuteczności u osób skazanych na karę pozbawienia wolności
Authors: Kwiatkowski Łukasz
Published: February 2021

Poczucie własnej skuteczności jest pojęciem szeroko opisywanym jako jeden z głównych czynników radzenia sobie z trudną sytuacją. Własna skuteczność jest odzwierciedleniem wiary w siebie, swoje kompetencje oraz umożliwia podejmowanie działań służących przejęciu kontroli nad zachowaniem i otoczeniem. W artykule omówiono definicję poczucia własnej skuteczności jako głównego terminu teorii społeczno-poznawczej Alberta Bandury oraz opisano źródła poczucia własnej skuteczności, ukazując jej rozwój w życiu jednostki. Ponadto scharakteryzowano sposoby wzmacniania poczucia skuteczności osobistej, stosowane w procesie resocjalizacji.
Counteracting Workplace Mobbing in the Polish Prison Service
Authors: Nowakowski Piotr T. , Gajewski Mariusz
Published: February 2021

W artykule podjęto problem mobbingu w Służbie Więziennej w Polsce. We wstępie wskazano na wieloaspektowy charakter zachowań mobbingowych. Zasygnalizowano ich szkodliwy wpływ na życie osobiste, rodzinne i zawodowe ofiary oraz przeanalizowano zagadnienie z perspektywy polskiego prawa pracy, odwołując się do stosownych zapisów. Następnie przystąpiono do omówienia mobbingu wśród personelu zakładów penitencjarnych, wskazując, że służby mundurowe stanowią emanację społeczeństwa i mogą w nich występować identyczne zjawiska, włącznie z negatywnymi. W związku z tym opisano obowiązujące w Służbie Więziennej procedury dotyczące reagowania na zachowania mobbingowe oraz naświetlono adekwatne działania profilaktyczne, m.in. szkolenia dla kadry kierowniczej, funkcjonariuszy i pozostałych członków personelu zakładów penitencjarnych. Na koniec przywołano zarzuty formułowane w stosunku do wyżej wspomnianych procedur oraz przedstawiono stosowne rekomendacje, podkreślając, że przeciwdziałanie mobbingowi powinno się odbywać w wymiarze prawa wewnętrznego danej instytucji, praktyki zarządzania, ale też w obszarze przyjętej etyki i kultury.
(Nie)potrzebna superwizja – komunikat z badań wśród funkcjonariuszy Służby Więziennej
Authors: Grudziewska Ewa
Published: February 2021

W obszarze zawodów pomocowych mają zastosowanie narzędzia wspierające pracę osób je wykonujących – takim narzędziem jest superwizja. Celem prowadzonych badań wśród funkcjonariuszy Służby Więziennej było poznanie poglądów na temat superwizji i zapotrzebowania na nią w tej grupie zawodowej. Główny problem badawczy zawiera się w pytaniu: Jakie są poglądy funkcjonariuszy Służby Więziennej na temat możliwości zastosowania superwizji w ich pracy zawodowej? W tym celu zastosowano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego, technikę ankiety oraz autorski kwestionariusz służący zebraniu poglądów dotyczących superwizji. Badaniami objęto 72 osoby z dwóch jednostek penitencjarnych. Z otrzymanych wyników badań wynika, że funkcjonariusze Służby Więziennej posiadają wiedzę na temat superwizji, wskazują na szereg jej zalet, ale też na pewne ograniczenia, jakie ma to narzędzie pracy. Niewiele ponad jedna trzecia badanych wyraziła chęć wzięcia udziału w superwizji, co jest zastanawiające, biorąc pod uwagę charakter wykonywanej pracy. Superwizja, jak wskazało wiele badanych osób, jest pojęciem często nieznanym (w szczególności w grupie strażników), a co za tym idzie budzi swego rodzaju obawy i lęki.
Zachowania antyspołeczne a agresja młodzieży nieprzystosowanej i nieprzejawiającej deficytów zachowania
Authors: Sobczak Sławomir , Zacharuk Tamara
Published: February 2021

Celem badań było określenie różnic ze względu na przystosowanie i płeć oraz zależności pomiędzy zachowaniami antyspołecznymi a agresją. Badania przeprowadzono wśród młodzieży nieprzystosowanej i nieprzejawiającej deficytów w funkcjonowaniu społecznym na próbie 200-osobowej. Do analizy wykorzystano dwa narzędzia badawcze: Self-Report Delinquency Scale (skala wykolejenia) oraz Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (kwestionariusz agresji) w adaptacji polskiej. Badania wykazały, że określony poziom przystosowania społecznego młodzieży oddziałuje zarówno na zachowania antyspołeczne, jak i na agresję, zatem nieprzystosowanie społeczne charakteryzuje się równocześnie dużą częstością występowania zachowań antyspołecznych i wysokim natężeniem agresji. Zjawiska te występują niezależnie od płci – młode kobiety i mężczyźni nieprzystosowani społecznie cechują się tym samym spektrum wykolejenia i agresji, płeć nie różnicuje badanych symptomów nieprzystosowania. Z przeprowadzonych analiz wynika, że im wyższy stopień agresji przejawia młodzież, tym bardziej wzmaga się natężenie zachowania antyspołecznego. Na podstawie estymacji krzywej należy stwierdzić, że niezależnie od tego, jaki stopień natężenia agresji przejawia młodzież, mogą wystąpić zachowania antyspołeczne, a syndrom agresji jedynie podnosi częstość występowania zachowań antyspołecznych (40% zdarzeń), natomiast wykolejenie społeczne młodzieży należy tłumaczyć innymi czynnikami niż agresja (60% zdarzeń).
Geotourism from Fuente de Cibeles of Madrid. History, Building Stones and Quarries
Authors: Freire-Lista David Martín
Published: February 2021

Fuente de Cibeles of Madrid (Spain) represents Cybele goddess sitting on a carriage drawn by two lions. This sculptural set was carved in Montesclaros (Toledo-Spain) marble between 1777 and 1782. The sculptural set has experienced some modifications throughout its history. Two zoomorphic water-spouts carved in Colmenar de Oreja limestone, one in the shape of a dragon and another one in the shape of a bear, were installed in 1798. In 1895, the fountain changed of location, and two putti of Carrara marble were installed on the back of the fountain, expanding the rocky surface promontory on which the sculptural set stands. Two tiered basins made of granite were added in 1968, when the fountain acquired its current form.A geotouristic route was created based on Fuente de Cibeles and its main building stone, Montesclaros marble. An exhaustive description of the fountain was made, and its construction history was reviewed to elaborate the route. In this way, alternatives that diversify the conventional tourist options of the city of Madrid are presented. In addition, scientific data on historical quarries and the marble that forms part of the emblematic fountain is provided.
¡CO2 = calentamiento global = cambio climático! ¿Y qué pasaría si todo fuera más complejo? Los continuos cambios climáticos: aspectos geológicos, arqueológicos y astrofísicos
Authors: Uhlig Stefan
Published: February 2021

Se discuten los continuos cambios climaticos naturales de los últimos 2,56 millones de años, presentando hechos y datos de diferentes area científicas como son la geología, arqueología, astronomía, etc.
Variabilidad en la micro-dosimetría beta del sedimento como principal causa de dispersión en la datación OSL de los depósitos fluviales costeros fini-pleistocenos conservados en la Cuenca del Río Mero (A Coruña, Galicia, España)
Authors: Arce-Chamorro Carlos , Sanjurjo-Sánchez Jorge
Published: February 2021

En este trabajo se han estudiado las dosis equivalentes (De) obtenidas de la señal OSL del cuarzo, para depósitos fluviales del Pleistoceno Superior de la cuenca del río Mero (A Coruña, Galicia, España) y conservados en el margen costero de la Ría de A Coruña (NO Península Ibérica). Estas De muestran distribuciones con una dispersión mayor a la esperada, obteniéndose porcentajes de sobre-dispersión elevados (OD>20%). Estos valores suelen asociarse al blanqueamiento incompleto de la señal OSL, debido al transporte de los granos de cuarzo en un medio turbio, debido una caga finos en supresión. No obstante, los gráficos y test de bondad de ajuste describen distribuciones normales, simétricas y centradas en la media. Tampoco indican evidencias de dos o más poblaciones de alícuotas conformadas por dos clases de granos de cuarzo agrupadas: (i) un grupo donde la señal de los granos ha sido bien blanqueada antes del último episodio de deposición y enterramiento y (ii) otro grupo que muestran señal heredada (residual). Sin embargo, los experimentos de Dose Recovery realizados indican que la dispersión se debe a factores extrínsecos y no intrínsecos al tipo de cuarzo estudiado. Por ello, se han analizado las concentraciones de radioisótopos en las muestras y la concentración de potasio en diferentes granulometrías, para estimar si el origen de la sobre-dispersión es la micro-dosimetria causada por el 40K del potasio, dada las bajas tasas de radiación y dosis anual medidas en las muestras. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que esta es la causa más probable de la dispersión, no encontrándose evidencias de blanqueamiento parcial.
Evolución reciente de los recursos hídricos en la cabecera del río Mero (Galicia, noroeste de España)
Authors: Rodríguez-Blanco Mª Luz , Taboada-Castro Mª Mercedes , Taboada-Castro Mª Teresa
Published: February 2021

El estudio de la evolución y tendencia de variables hidro-climáticas en cuencas de cabecera proporciona criterios científicos de base necesarios para la planificación y gestión sostenible de los recursos hídricos. Sin embargo, se han realizado pocos estudios en naturales sistemas, es decir cuencas donde la actividad humana no repercute notablemente en el funcionamiento hidrológico natural. En este contexto, el objetivo del presente estudio es caracterizar la tendencia reciente del caudal en una cuenca de cabecera del Mero (noroeste de España). Los resultados no permiten confirmar la existencia de una tendencia regresiva del caudal a escala anual. Sin embargo, se detecta una disminución significativa en el caudal en verano y otoño, así como un incremento en la duración y severidad de los caudales bajos. En este estudio no se aprecia un paralelismo entre los procesos hidrológicos y las precipitaciones, por lo que el descenso del caudal y el incremento de las frecuencias de días con baja descarga podría estar relacionado con el incremento térmico observado, al intensificar procesos como la evapotranspiración.
Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi Kivi Bahçelerinde Kök-Ur Nematodu (Meloidogyne spp.) Yaygınlığı ve Yoğunluğu
Authors: EVLİCE Emre , ÖZDEMİR Esengül
Published: February 2021

Bu çalışmada kök-ur nematodlarının Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi kivi bahçelerindeki yaygınlık ve yoğunluklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla 2015 ve 2016 yıllarında Düzce (2), Zonguldak (3) ve Bartın (3) illerinde sekiz kivi bahçesinden kök ve toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. DNA ikinci dönem larvalardan ekstrakte edilmiş, ClearDetections firmasına ait M. tropical spp., M. hapla ve M. enterelobii real-time primerleri ve Meloidogyne spp. üniversal MF/MR primerleri moleküler teşhislerde kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, bahçelerden %50’sinin Meloidogyne spp. ile bulaşık olduğu ve Bartın ve Zonguldak illerinden birer bahçenin M. incognita, Zonguldak ilinden bir bahçenin M. hapla ve Düzce ilinde bir bahçenin ise hem M. incognita hem de M. hapla ile bulaşık olduğu saptanmıştır. Bahçelerdeki popülasyon yoğunluğunun 31-252 J2/100 g toprak arasında değiştiği ve en yüksek popülasyon yoğunluğunun Bartın ili Yanaz Köyünde ağustos ayında 252 J2/100 g toprak olduğu belirlenmiştir.
The COVID-19 Pandemic, the Empowering Olympic, Paralympic, and Amateur Athletes Act, and the Dawn of a New Age of U.S. Olympic Reform
Authors: Conrad Mark
Published: February 2021

In the fall of 2020, Congress enacted the first substantive changes in the governance of the Olympic Sports system in over four decades. The new law, The Empowering Olympic, Paralympic and Amateur Athletes Act, was passed in the wake of sexual abuse scandals that rocked certain sport governing bodies. In amending the 1978 Amateur Sports Act, the new law grants Congress the power to decertify the United States Olympic bodies, mandates greater athlete representation in governance, and increases funding to protect athletes through greater support of the U.S. Center for SafeSport. Aside from the decertification power, the most significant provision of the new law is the establishment of a Commission on the State of U.S. Olympics and Paralympics to review the governance of the United States Olympic and Paralympic Committee (“USOPC”) and make proposals for change. The Commission’s creation comes at a crucial time in U.S. Olympic governance. Due to the governance scandals, uncertain funding and the general national sports upheaval caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, this article advocates for more significant changesto the Olympic structure that the commission should consider, such as direct or indirect government funding for the USOPC and the sport governing bodies in return for adherence to more stringent transparency and ethical rules. Ideas that the Commission could consider include mandatory disclosure of information such as sponsorship agreements as well as compensation and bonus limitations for those in key leadership positions, the appointment of an inspector-general, and greater athlete involvement in the U.S. Olympic movement. The article also proposes more statutory changes such as a limited antitrust exemption and the end of special trademark protections for the USOPC.
Examining the Contribution of Smart Homes to the Smart Performance of Cities
Authors: Orosz Daniel
Published: February 2021

One of the goals of smart cities is for their residents to live as comfortably as possible, at the highest possible standard of living, and for this, the existence of smart homes is essential. However, smart homes have so far not received much attention in smart city concepts, especially in Hungary. This study discusses definitions of smart cities and smart homes and asks how smart homes can contribute to increasing the performance of smart cities. I created a simplified model based on my search of the literature, which I supplemented with two new factors, which are emphasize the importance of people and education / communication.
Microregional convergence through social innovation
Authors: Veresné Somosi Mariann , Varga Krisztina
Published: February 2021

The national and international literature pays increasing attention to the research of social innovation and its impacts. Among the areas to be examined, we deal with the issues of measurability within the framework of the study. The conceptualization of social innovation, the determination of the logic of the social innovation process and the definiton of its measurement levels, and modeling based on empirical research are relevant challenges. However, the different sources dealing with the topic examine these issues in a different approach. The purpose of the study is to investigate the social innovation endeavours of a district to be developed by a complex program. Nyírbátor District includes disadvantaged settlements that are facing numerous problems due to their peripheral position. The challenges of the area (migration, ageing, unemployment and scarce financial resources) mean doubly disadvantageous stigmatization for these settlements. On the one hand, they mean an external negative judgment, and on the other hand, an internal stigmatization processes of local inhabitants, which require the exact identification of local needs and the involvement of the inhabitants in decisions. One of the tools of such initiatives can be social innovation, and also the support of social innovation endeavours. Within the framework of the research, we examine social innovation as a process of creative cooperation, during which we pay special attention to the analysis of social initiatives supported by local governments. The social innovation endeavours presented in the framework of the study are multi-stakeholder initiatives based on the involvement of the local population.. Their good practice analysis makes it possible to map the process of social innovation. The purpose of this study is to present the points of focus that serve as potential activating factors for the endeavours in the case of Nyírbátor District. The examined cases play a significant role in managing the unfavourable processes of the area, and their adaptation as best practices can support the process of catching up. The study also defines the main sets of criteria which, in addition to providing a structured record of individual case studies, help to compare good practices.
A heuristic approach with artificial neural network for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Parlar Tuba
Published: February 2021

Parkinson’s disease is a common neurological disorder. Its symptoms are more commonly in the form of motor misfunctioning. As the disease progresses, non-motor symptoms are also observed. In previous studies, feature selection methods have been used and shown significant benefits in the diagnosis of the Parkinson’s Disease in patients. Feature selection methods aim to improve the classification performance by eliminating non-valuable or less-valuable features. In this study, we aim to analyze, for diagnosing Parkinson’s disease, the voice recordings of the patients with applying a recent bio-inspired optimization technique namely the Wolf Search Algorithm (WSA). WSA is a bio-inspired heuristic optimization algorithm which has been inspired by the natural behavior of wolves in daily life. We also use an artificial neural network model with feature selection methods, for the purpose of classification of the Parkinson’s Disease in patients. We investigate the classification performances of the combinations of WSA-based feature selection method with well-known feature selection methods namely Information Gain and ReliefF feature selection methods. Experimental results show that ReliefF feature selection method outperform than the other feature selection method combinations for the diagnosis of the Parkinson’s Disease in patients.
Study of the high prevalence and cardiovascular risk factors: students aged 11 to 16 years from Caceres-Spain and Paranavaí-Brazil
Authors: Ferreira-Lima Walcir , Silva-Lima Silvia B , Bandeira-Lima Flávia E , Bandeira-Lima Fellipe , Santos Amanda , Andaki Alynne C , Mota Jorge , Molena-Fernandes Carlos A , Fuentes Juan P
Published: February 2021

Objective: to investigate the association of risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases in students from 11 to 16 years old in different contexts. Material and method: Sample composed by students of Cáceres - Spain (n = 165) and Paranavaí - Brazil (n = 237). Body Mass Index, level of physical activity, blood pressure, total cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoproteins, triglycerides and fasting blood glucose were analyzed. For the analysis of variables, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, Student t, Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, and Odds Ratio were used, with a 95% confidence interval, a value of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Spanish students have higher average values of age, physical activity level, obesity in general, low- and high-density lipoproteins and fasting blood glucose (p <0.05). Brazilians had a greater accumulation of risk factors compared to the Spanish, specifically only 8.5% of Brazilians are exempt from RF compared to 28.2% of Spanish. It is observed that there is a higher prevalence of two RFs (G-BRA: 40.7% vs. G-ESP: 24.2%); and three or more RF (G-BRA 27.0% vs. G-ESP: 13.7%), considering a value of p <0.001. Being more active was associated with HDL levels among Brazilians. Although Spanish students had a higher prevalence of general obesity, they were more active. Conclusion: Spanish students showed better results in physical activity levels, fasting glucose concentration, high and low density lipoproteins, in addition to a lower number cardiovascular risk factors, despite being mainly from public schools; with higher average age and higher general obesity prevalence, compared to Brazilians
Upper body injuries and Key Performance Indicators in professional basketball players
Authors: Bustamante-Sánchez Álvaro , Salinero Juan J , Del Coso Juan
Published: February 2021

ntroduction: Upper body injuries are less common than lower body injuries in basketball, but there is still a lack of knowled-ge about the relationship among their occurrence and the performance profile of professional basketball players. This study aimed to analyse the relationships between upper-body injuries and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of basketball players. Material and method: Statistical variables of 554 professional basketball players (age: 26.97±4.86 years, height: 199.23±8.80 cm, minutes per season: 441.18±301.41) in Spanish ACB (Asociación de Clubes de Baloncesto) professional competition were analysed for two seasons (2012-13 and 2013-14). Besided, injury reports were registered and injuries were categorized with OSICS-10 classification. The players who played the most minutes during the season were more likely to suffer lumbar spine, head, wrist, and hand injuries. The players injured in the thoracic spine obtained a better average in steals per minute. The players injured in the head or the elbow had better +/- performance per minute. The players injured in the neck had better means per minute in received fouls, free throws made and attempted. Results: The players injured in the lumbar spine had better means, per minute played, in assists, probably by their continuous column twists to protect the ball with the body to avoid bumps. Players injured in the shoulder had more blocked shots per minute than those not injured, probably because the realization of a block involves a shoulder flexion and rotation. It would be interesting to carry out a specific follow-up in this type of player, for this type of injury. This information could be helpful to improve injury prevention with the use of KPIs of basketball.
Hospital-associated functional decline and possible interventions based on physical activity, a review of the literature
Authors: Pacheco Bethia , Venegas-Sanabria Luis Carlos , Chavarro-Carvaja Diego A
Published: February 2021

Hospital functional impairment is defined as the loss of the ability to perform at least one of the basic activities of daily living with respect to the baseline situation of the person (2 weeks before the onset of acute illness). Its prevalence has been increasing due to the demographic transition of the last few years, which has caused aging to become a challenge with great impact on the health of people, their families and the health system. One of the main consequences of the increase in hospitalizations in the elderly is hospital functional impairment. This condition has multiple consequences in the short, medium and long term, which include increased hospital stay, increased costs of care, increased morbidity and mortality, among others. One of the stages of hospital functional impairment, which corresponds to the functional decline during hospitalization, is modifiable; hence the importance of identification and timely management to intervene at risk patients. Among the interventions that are proposed to deal with this condition are specialized geriatric care, comprehensive management with a multidisciplinary team, nutritional support and physical activity. The latter has been shown to have beneficial effects on physical, cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms in the elderly; Therefore, it has been included in multiple hospital protocols as the main non-pharmacological intervention to reduce dependence and impact on functional hospital deterioration.The objective of this literature review is to describe the definition, epidemiology, risk factors, complications, factors associated with functional recovery and intervention programs described for the treatment. Additionally, describe the interventions that include physical activity in elderly patients hospitalized for acute pathologies and possible functional outcomes in this population.
Comparison of preoperative high resolution computerized tomography of temporal bone with intra-operative findings in patients with cholesteatoma
Authors: Pilakkal Abdunnasar Moodem , Pillai Santhi Thankappan , Kunhanakkal Asif Iqbal
Published: February 2021

Background: Aim was to study the correlation between high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan and intraoperative findings during surgery in cases of chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma.

Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted on 72 patients with acquired cholesteatoma at Govt TD Medical College, Alappuzha for a period of 18 months. All the patients were subjected to HRCT of the temporal bone. Radiological correlation was done with the intra-operative findings. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated.   

Results: Total 24 (33.3%) patients had holotympanic cholesteatoma, 21 (29.2%) had involvement of the attic alone and 16 (22.2%) had attic and antrum involved. 100% correlation was found with bony wall erosions, whereas 96.9% and 75% sensitivity were noted in incus and stapes erosions respectively. 100% specificity was obtained in facial canal and sinus plate erosion, while a specificity of 96.9% in tegmen erosion and 98% in were seen in malleus erosion. By chi square test the difference in correlation was not significant (p value>0.01). Good correlation was seen for lateral semicircular canal fistula. Contrast CT is more specific, but MRI with diffusion weighted sequences is the best in imaging cholesteatoma, especially residual lesions.  

Conclusions: Good correlation was found between HRCT scan and intra-operative findings in cases of cholesteatoma in relation to bony wall erosion of the surrounding structures. CT scan alone cannot differentiate soft tissue masses.
A DMDU Guidebook for Transportation Planning Under a Changing Climate
Authors: Lempert Robert J. , Miro Michelle , Prosdocimi Diogo
Published: February 2021

The effects of climate-related natural hazards pose a significant threat to sustainable development in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region and in particular its transportation sector. Risk Management provides an appropriate framework for assessing and mitigating the impacts of climate change and other climate-related natural hazards on transportation systems and choosing actions to enhance their resilience. However, analysts and policymakers involved in transportation planning, policy, and investment face significant challenges in managing the risks triggered by the effects of climate change. Climate change impacts the lifespan of roads, airports, and railroads as they have time horizons that surpass 40 years, thus making it harder (if not impossible) to forecast with confidence all relevant future events that will affect such infrastructure. In addition, the climate has already changed, so the return frequency of storms, for example, and other extreme events may now be different than suggested by the historical record in ways that are not always currently well understood. Implementing Risk Management under conditions of such uncertainty can prove difficult. Decision Making Under Deep Uncertainty (DMDU) enables Risk Management under conditions of Deep Uncertainty, that is when risks cannot confidently be quantified. This guidebook is aligned with the Disaster and Climate Change Risk Assessment Methodology for IDB projects (IDB 2018) and introduces and provides guidance on applying methods for Decision Making Under Deep Uncertainty (DMDU) to transportation planning. It presents the methodological steps that are necessary for the implementation of DMDU methodologies and reviews several such methods, including scenario planning, Adaptive Pathways, and robust decision making (RDM). This review is geared towards supporting the incorporation of DMDU methods into IDBs transportation sector funding and planning processes.
Let's (Not) Get Together!: The Role of Social Norms in Social Distancing during COVID-19
Authors: Martínez Déborah , Parilli Cristina , Scartascini Carlos , Simpser Alberto
Published: February 2021

While effective preventive measures against COVID-19 are now widely known, many individuals fail to adopt them. This paper provides experimental evidence about one potentially important driver of compliance with social distancing: social norms. We asked each of 23,000 survey respondents in Mexico to predict how a fictional person would behave when faced with the choice about whether or not to attend a friend's birthday gathering. Every respondent was randomly assigned to one of four social norms conditions. Expecting that other people would attend the gathering and/or believing that other people approved of attending the gathering both increased the predicted probability that the fictional character would attend the gathering by 25% in comparison with a scenario where other people were not expected to attend nor to approve of attending. Our results speak to the potential effects of communication campaigns and media coverage of, compliance with, and normative views about COVID-19 preventive measures. They also suggest that policies aimed at modifying social norms or making existing ones salient could impact compliance.
A Barca do Inferno: o tempo de Gil Vicente e o nosso tempo
Authors: Augusto Cardoso Bernardes José
Published: February 2021

Existem sinais seguros de que o Auto da Barca do Inferno teve grande êxito junto do público ao qual se destinou. Ao longo dos séculos, essa peça de Gil Vicente continuou depois a gozar de especial acolhimento. Assim o atestam as frequentes representações teatrais, uma dinâmica editorial invulgar e ainda a presença assídua que vem mantendo nos programas escolares. O presente estudo procura cumprir dois objetivos: identificar os motivos que podem estar na base desse sucesso e fazer um levantamento de alguns dos pontos mais obscuros que subsistem na interpretação do texto para o leitor comum.
Alma(s) em meio às barcas: uma mesma maré
Authors: Ricardo Coelho Muniz Márcio
Published: February 2021

Às comemorações dos 500 anos da representação dos três autos Das Barcas de Gil Vicente – Inferno (1517), Purgatório (1518) e Glória (1519) – somo outra semelhante efeméride: os 500 anos do Auto da Alma (1518), do mesmo autor. Com a soma, buscarei discutir uma possível aproximação entre os quatro autos vicentinos revelada particularmente pelo ordenamento que lhes dá a edição da Copilaçam de todalas obras de Gil Vicente, de 1562. Deste novo ordenamento espacial nasce uma organicidade que se traduz por diversos outros elementos comuns aos autos: gênero, tema, sintaxe dramática, personagens, e uma defesa do livre arbítrio como determinante da caminhada das almas humanas em sua peregrinação pela terra.
Plega a nuestro redentor: a oração no Auto da Barca da Glória
Authors: Portela dos Santos Adriano , Ricardo Coelho Muniz Márcio
Published: February 2021

O artigo analisa o Auto da Barca da Glória (1519), do dramaturgo Gil Vicente, a partir do tema da oração, fazendo contraponto em alguns momentos com o Auto da Barca do Inferno (1517), que também aborda de modo considerável o tema em questão. Buscamos observar no auto quem ora, como ora e qual o conteúdo dessa oração, para extrairmos daí o princípio teológico que orienta/organiza o auto. Com o intuito de alcançarmos nosso objetivo, recorremos a algumas fontes do auto, nomeadamente o Ofício dos Defuntos e o livro bíblico de Jó. O recurso a tais fontes permitiu-nos compreender que a concepção de oração de Auto Barca da Glória se distingue da que está presente no Auto da Barca do Inferno, no que concerne à teologia, porque o primeiro se estrutura sobre a Teologia da Graça, enquanto o segundo está estruturado sobre a doutrina da retribuição.
Questões da filosofia (medieval) no teatro de Gil Vicente
Authors: Cantuário Victor André Pinheiro
Published: February 2021

O teatro vicentino, cuja força de expressão e originalidade impressionam a ponto de parte da crítica literária reconhecê-lo como iniciador do segmento em Portugal, surge em um contexto histórico-social, a Europa do século XVI – o quinhentismo português, no qual a presença da filosofia medieval ainda é persistente. Essa filosofia, em nada homogênea e dedicada, fundamentalmente, à discussão da questão do ser, a partir da qual avança a metafísica ocidental, desdobrando-se na querela dos universais, entre outras, possivelmente, deixou rastros no teatro do dramaturgo português, constituindo-se a busca desses traços, desses vestígios em sua produção literária o objetivo deste escrito. A fim de se alcançar dito propósito, o artigo se debruça em referências que, primeiramente, apresentam o corpo histórico e as questões mais recorrentes da filosofia do medievo, assim como suas vertentes, sublinhando-se a grega, a islâmica, a judaica e a latina. Isto é cumprido por Corbin (1986), Nasr (2006), Gilson (2001), Libera (2011), Marenbon (2012), por exemplo. O segundo momento compõe-se de referências que investigam a obra de Gil Vicente em seus variados aspectos como a linguagem, a sociedade, a política, os costumes etc.; nesse momento tomam parte Teyssier (1982), Moura (1987), Moisés (2008), Saraiva e Lopes (2010); para finalmente compor-se a cena dedicada ao trabalho de rastreio esboçado no objetivo mencionado, seção na qual se há de fazer uso das Obras de Gil Vicente (1965), publicadas pela reconhecida editora portuguesa Lello & Irmão. Crê-se que o resultado desta investigação é o cumprimento de suas aspirações apropriadamente ao se ter localizado nas peças vicentinas selecionadas temas e questões tratados pelos filósofos medievais, assentadas na dualidade platonismo/aristotelismo, traduzindo-se em mais que preocupações de momento, em uma visão de mundo e de homem, a qual certamente se estendeu às artes, em geral, e à literatura, em particular, atingindo profundamente o dramaturgo lusitano.

Palavras-chave: Teatro português quinhentista. Filosofia medieval. Metafísica. Existência.
A narrativa rosiana e o regionalismo (ainda não) superado
Authors: Santini Juliana
Published: February 2021

O ensaio “Literatura e subdesenvolvimento”, de Antonio Candido, estabelece a narrativa de João Guimarães Rosa como um ponto de mudança no paradigma de representação da ficção regionalista brasileira ao caracterizá-la como “super-regionalismo”, gerando a proposição de que a produção do autor superaria o dado local. Diante dessa constatação, o objetivo deste artigo é problematizar a ideia de superação do regionalismo em João Guimarães Rosa, observando o modo como o conto “Sequência” articula o sertão geográfico e material a um percurso de amadurecimento do personagem.