bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond the Non-Specific Attentional Effect of Caloric Vestibular Stimulation: Evidence from Healthy Subjects and Patients
Authors: Bottini Gabriella , Gandola Martina
Published: August 2015

Caloric vestibular stimulation (CVS) is a simple physiological manipulation that has been used for a long time in different clinical fields due to its rapid and relevant effects on behaviour. One of the most debated issues in this research field concerns the degree of specificity of such stimulation, namely whether the effects of CVS can be, and to what extent are, independent of the mere influence of non-specific factors such as general arousal, ocular movements or attentional shift towards the stimulated side. The hypothesis that CVS might cause a shift of attention towards the side of the stimulation has been largely supported; moreover, a large amount of evidence is available nowadays to corroborate the specific effect of CVS, providing behavioural and neurophysiological data in both patients and normal subjects. These data converge in indicating that the effects of CVS can be independent of eye deviation and general arousal, can modulate different symptoms in different directions, and do not merely depend on a general shift of attention. The present article is divided into three main sections. In the first section, we describe classical studies that investigate the effects of CVS on neglect and related symptoms. In the second and third parts, we provide an overview of the modulatory effects of CVS on somatosensory processes and body representation in both brain-damaged patients and healthy subjects. Finally, we conclude by discussing the relevance of these new findings for the understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying the modulatory effects of CVS.
The Components of Vestibular Cognition — Motion Versus Spatial Perception
Authors: Seemungal Barry M.
Published: August 2015

Vestibular cognition can be divided into two main functions — a primary vestibular sensation of self-motion and a derived sensation of spatial orientation. Although the vestibular system requires calibration from other senses for optimal functioning, both vestibular spatial and vestibular motion perception are typically employed when navigating without vision. A recent important finding is the cerebellar mediation of the uncoupling of reflex (i.e., the vestibular-ocular reflex) from vestibular motion perception (Perceptuo-Reflex Uncoupling). The brain regions that mediate vestibular motion and vestibular spatial perception is an area of on-going research activity. However, there is data to support the notion that vestibular motion perception is mediated by multiple brain regions. In contrast, vestibular spatial perception appears to be mediated by posterior brain areas although currently the exact locus is unclear. I will discuss the experimental evidence that support this functional dichotomy in vestibular cognition (i.e., motion processingvs.spatial orientation). Along the way I will highlight relevant practical technical tips in testing vestibular cognition.
Central Asian mountain Rhithrogenini (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) with pointed and ephemeropteroid claws in the winged stages
Authors: Kluge Nikita J.
Published: August 2015

Among mountain species of Heptageniidae from Central Asia, six species belonging to the taxa Cinygmula McDunnough 1933, Himalogena Kluge 2004 and Caucasiron Kluge 1997 have all claws of the winged stages (subimago and imago) pointed. In this area Cinygmula is represented by two species: C. hutchinsoni (Traver 1939) (with pointed claws) and C. joosti Braasch 1977 (with the more typical ephemeropteroid claws); for both species all stages of both sexes associated by rearing are redescribed. The Central Asian mountain taxon Himalogena includes seven species: Rhithrogena (Himalogena) tianshanica Brodsky 1930, Rh. (H.) pamirica sp. n., Rh. (H.) carnivora sp. n., Rh. (H.) semicarnivora sp. n., Rh. (H.) stackelbergi Sinitshenkova 1973, Rh. (H.) gunti sp. n. and Rh. (H.) nepalensis Braasch 1984; for five of them, all stages of both sexes associated by rearing are redescribed; Rh. (H.) semicarnivora is known as male imagoes reared from larvae; Rh. (H.) nepalensis formerly known only as larvae, is redescribed based on an anomalous female imago (with gynandromorphism caused by helminth in abdomen) reared from the larval stage. Among these species, Rh. (H.) tianshanica, Rh. (H.) pamirica, Rh. (H.) carnivora and Rh. (H.) semicarnivora have mandibles and the labrum modified for carnivorism, while the other three species have the usual Rhithrogena mouth apparatus. Imagoes and subimagoes of Rh. (H.) pamirica, Rh. (H.) carnivora, Rh. (H.) gunti and Rh. (H.) nepalensis, have both claws of each leg pointed, while the other species have ephemeropteroid claws. Corrections to the description of Rh. minima Sinitshenkova 1973 claw denticulation and to original figure references are given. The taxon Ironopsis/g1 is represented by two species in the Central Asian mountains: Epeorus (Caucasiron) guttatus (Braasch & Soldán 1979) (with pointed claws) and Epeorus (Ironopsis) rheophilus (Brodsky 1930) (with ephemeropteroid claws); for both species all stages of both sexes associated by rearing are redescribed. The character distribution patterns of pointed and ephemeropteroid claws within mayfly phylogeny leads one to assume that both types of claws repeatedly change back and forth within Ephemeroptera. However, within Heptageniidae, those species whose winged stages have pointed claws have overlapping ranges of distribution limited to high mountain systems of Central Asia; their larvae inhabit the same biotopes (stones in rapid streams), have the same habitat and can come into contact with one another when they aggregate on a stone. These observations allow for a hypothesis that explains the repeated change to pointed claws from ephemeropteroid claws among various Heptageniidae species via horizontal transfer of some hereditary factor during the evolutionary history of each of those species with the peculiar claw morphology.
A new species of Huarpea Pate, 1947 from Colombia and redescription of H. wagneriella (du Buysson, 1904) (Hymenoptera: Sapygidae)
Authors: FERNÁNDEZ FERNANDO , SARMIENTO CARLOS E.
Published: August 2015

Huarpea colombiana sp. nov. from Colombia (Meta) is described and illustrated. This is the first record of the family Sapygidae for Colombia and northern South America. Huarpea wagneriella (du Buysson, 1904) is redescribed. An updated key to Neotropical genera and species of Sapygidae is given.
New records of Anacroneuria Klapálek, 1909 (Plecoptera: Perlidae) for Central America
Authors: GUTIÉRREZ-FONSECA PABLO E. , ALONSO-RODRÍGUEZ AURA M. , CORNEJO AYDEÉ , BAILEY ANNA CRISTINA , MAES JEAN-MICHEL , RAMÍREZ ALONSO
Published: August 2015

The perlid genus Anacroneuria is the most widely distributed stonefly occurring in the Neotropics. Regional studies of this genus were made early in the last century, whereas local taxonomic and distributional studies have recently increased. In this study, we provide new Central American records for four species of Anacroneuria. Anacroneuria choco Stark & Bersosa 2006, A. costana (Navás 1924), A. hacha Stark 1998, and A. laru Gutiérrez-Fonseca 2015 are newly reported including new range extensions.
Evaluation of the Warm Rain Formation Process in Global Models with Satellite Observations
Authors: Suzuki Kentaroh , Stephens Graeme , Bodas-Salcedo Alejandro , Wang Minghuai , Golaz Jean-Christophe , Yokohata Tokuta , Koshiro Tsuyoshi
Published: August 2015

This study examines the warm rain formation process over the global ocean in global climate models. Methodologies developed to analyze CloudSat and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite observations are employed to investigate the cloud-to-precipitation process of warm clouds and are applied to the model results to examine how the models represent the process for warm stratiform clouds. Despite a limitation of the present study that compares the statistics for stratiform clouds in climate models with those from satellite observations, including both stratiform and (shallow) convective clouds, the statistics constructed with the methodologies are compared between the models and satellite observations to expose their similarities and differences. A problem common to some models is that they tend to produce rain at a faster rate than is observed. These model characteristics are further examined in the context of cloud microphysics parameterizations using a simplified one-dimensional model of warm rain formation that isolates key microphysical processes from full interactions with other processes in global climate models. The one-dimensional model equivalent statistics reproduce key characteristics of the global model statistics when corresponding autoconversion schemes are assumed in the one-dimensional model. The global model characteristics depicted by the statistics are then interpreted as reflecting behaviors of the autoconversion parameterizations adopted in the models. Comparisons of the one-dimensional model with satellite observations hint at improvements to the formulation of the parameterization scheme, thus offering a novel way of constraining key parameters in autoconversion schemes of global models.
On the Remapping Procedure of Daily Precipitation Statistics and Indices Used in Regional Climate Model Evaluation
Authors: Diaconescu Emilia Paula , Gachon Philippe , Laprise René
Published: August 2015

Gridded estimates of precipitation using both satellite and observational station data are regularly used as reference products in the evaluation of basic climate fields and derived indices as simulated by regional climate models (RCMs) over the current period. One of the issues encountered in RCM evaluation is the fact that RCMs and reference fields are usually on different grids and often at different horizontal resolutions. A proper RCM evaluation requires remapping on a common grid. For the climate indices or other derived fields, the remapping can be done in two ways: either as a first-step operation on the original field with the derived index computed on the final/common grid in a second step, or to compute first the climate index on the original grid before remapping or regridding it as a last-step operation on the final/common grid. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how the two approaches affect the final field, thus contributing to one of the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) in Africa (CORDEX-Africa) goals of providing a benchmark framework for RCM evaluation over the West Africa monsoon area, using several daily precipitation indices. The results indicate the advantage of using the last-step remapping procedure, regardless of the mathematical method chosen for the remapping, in order to minimize errors in the indices under evaluation.
Experimental investigation on influence of Kevlar fiber hybridization on tensile and damping response of Kevlar/glass/epoxy resin composite laminates
Authors: Bulut Mehmet , Erkliğ Ahmet , Yeter Eyüp
Published: August 2015

This study investigates the tensile and damping behavior of Kevlar/glass/epoxy hybrid laminates. Hybrid Kevlar/glass with epoxy resin composites is fabricated considering different fiber volume fractions in combinations to show the influence of hybridization. Mechanical properties were inspected by an instrumented tensile test machine. A series of vibration tests were conducted to determine dynamic characteristics of the samples. Damping properties are calculated from logarithmic decrement method by using vibration response envelope curve. In addition, effects of fiber angle on natural frequencies were examined using ANSYS. The results show that the hybridization of relatively brittle material S-glass fibers with tough and high performance Kevlar fibers has showed to be highly effective in improving damping capacity of S-glass fiber composite laminates.
Youth–Adult Partnership and Youth Civic Development: Cross-National Analyses for Scholars and Field Professionals
Authors: Zeldin Shepherd , Gauley Josset , Krauss Steven Eric , Kornbluh Mariah , Collura Jessica
Published: August 2015

Across the world, community-based youth organizations are engaging youth as partners with adults to promote youth civic development. A sample of 528 youth from the United States, Portugal, and Malaysia were surveyed to explore associations between youth–adult partnership (youth voice in decision making; supportive adult relationships) and two key aspects of civic development (youth empowerment; community connections). Multi-level modeling, regression, and profile analysis were used to compare patterns of association across the three national samples. Results indicate that youth are most likely to achieve positive outcomes when they experience the freedom to make decisions, while experiencing trust and power sharing from adults. The results were consistent across the three national samples, suggesting that the influence of partnership may transcend cultures and contexts. Future scholarship should aim to support field professionals in building organizational structures and opportunities that encourage shared dialogue, program planning, and purposeful action among youth and adults.
What Do Citizens Think About Police Accountability Measures? Lessons From Community Attitudinal Surveys
Authors: De Angelis Joseph
Published: August 2015

A growing body of survey research has consistently demonstrated variation among different racial and ethnic groups in terms of their attitudes toward the police. Partly as a result of dissatisfaction among marginalized community groups, municipalities in the United States have increasingly sought to implement new police accountability and reform measures, often with the explicit goal of rehabilitating public perceptions of both the police and municipal government. This article uses logistic regression and multi-year community-level survey data from one Western U.S. city ( N = 3,891) to examine the predictors of satisfaction with that city’s police accountability framework. More specifically, the article attempts to disentangle the distinct effects of race/ethnicity, community context, and contact with the police on public satisfaction with that city’s efforts to manage the conduct of police officers. The article also considers the potential policy implications of using community-level surveys to inform the work of police accountability agencies.
Organizational Secrecy and the FBI’s COINTELPRO–Black Nationalist Hate Groups Program, 1967-1971
Authors: Hoerl Kristen , Ortiz Erin
Published: August 2015

In this article, we explain how secrecy influenced the communication and decision-making processes within COINTELPRO-Black Nationalist Hate Groups, the FBI’s covert program to disrupt left-leaning Black political organizations between 1967 and 1971. Memos exchanged between the FBI Director and field offices reveal how the organization strategized to conceal its identity as the source of anonymous communication. The Bureau developed explicit techniques for managing the content of their messages, the materials used to construct print messages, and the distribution of those messages. The Bureau’s techniques suggest that organizational secrecy involves a high degree of coordination between members, but it may also endanger the organization’s longevity and the public welfare.
Head injury predictors in sports trauma – A state-of-the-art review
Authors: Fernandes Fábio AO , Sousa Ricardo J Alves de
Published: August 2015

Head injuries occur in a great variety of sports. Many of these have been associated with neurological injuries, affecting the central nervous system. Some examples are motorsports, cycling, skiing, horse riding, mountaineering and most contact sports such as football, ice and field hockey, soccer, lacrosse, etc. The outcome of head impacts in these sports can be very severe. The worst-case scenarios of permanent disability or even death are possibilities. Over recent decades, many In recent decades, a great number of head injury criteria and respective thresholds have been proposed. However, the available information is much dispersed and a consensus has still not been achieved regarding the best injury criteria or even their thresholds. This review paper gives a thorough overview of the work carried out by the scientific community in the field of impact biomechanics about head injuries sustained during sports activity. The main goal is to review the head injury criteria, as well as their thresholds. Several are reviewed, from the predictors based on kinematics to the ones based on human tissue thresholds. In this work, we start to briefly introduce the head injuries and their mechanisms commonly seen as a result of head trauma in sports. Then, we present and summarize the head injury criteria and their respective thresholds.
Management Strategies for Vitamin K Antagonists Reversal in Patients With Major Bleeding
Authors: Bernardi Enrico , Imberti Davide , Ferrari Annamaria
Published: August 2015

Objective:

Emergency physicians frequently deal with patients on vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) suffering major bleeding events, and rapid reversal of anticoagulation in this setting is of paramount importance. In Italy, given the absence of specific national guidelines, local policies are likely to differ, possibly impacting on clinical outcomes. We decided to perform a telephone survey among Italian emergency physicians to evaluate management strategies for VKAs reversal in patients with major bleeding.

Methods:

We conducted a computer-assisted, 10-minute telephone survey of 15 questions, focusing on the local prevalence, assessment, and management strategies of major and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) occurring in patients on VKAs. We planned to interview a sample of 320 Italian emergency physicians. Institutions from all geographic areas of Italy were to participate in the survey.

Results:

Of the 320 physicians contacted, 150 (47%) completed the survey, 95% being employed in public hospitals. Focusing on ICH, only 29% of the responders stated they would reverse anticoagulation irrespective of the international normalized ratio value, and only 27% would use prothrombin-complex concentrate as first-line agent. In patients needing urgent neurosurgical operation, less than 50% would administer prothrombin-complex concentrate before surgery.

Conclusion:

The average knowledge of management strategies for reversal of anticoagulation displayed by Italian emergency physicians appears to be unsatisfactory. The need for an extensive educational program and for the implementation of specific guidelines, possibly endorsed by Scientific Societies, cannot be underemphasized.
Home Treatment of Deep Venous Thrombosis in the Era of New Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Stein Paul D. , Matta Fadi , Hughes Patrick G. , Ghiardi Martina , Marsh John H. , Khwarg Juewon , Brandon Michael S. , Fowkes Hope A. N. , Kazan Viviane , Wiepking Matthew , Keyes Daniel C. , Kakish Edward J. , Hughes Mary J.
Published: August 2015

This is a retrospective cohort study of adults with a primary diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) unaccompanied by pulmonary embolism (PE), seen in 4 emergency departments in 2013 and part of 2014. The purpose was to assess the prevalence of home treatment of DVT in the present era of new oral anticoagulants. Among 96 patients with DVT and no PE, 85 (88.5%) were hospitalized and 11 (11.5%) were discharged to home. Most of the patients discharged to home received low-molecular-weight heparin, 9 (81.8%) of 11. None were prescribed new oral anticoagulants. Early discharge in ≤2 days occurred 28 (32.9%) of 85 patients. Most (64.3%) received enoxaparin and/or warfarin at early discharge. Rivaroxaban was prescribed in 7 (25.0%) of those discharged in ≤2 days. We conclude that in some emergency departments, patients with DVT are uncommonly discharged to home even though new oral anticoagulants are available.
Performance and emission testing of a bi-fuel outboard spark-ignition engine
Authors: Bohon Steven , Fang Tiegang
Published: August 2015

With the increasing concern about the future availability of gasoline and continuously stringent engine emission regulatory standards, the need for an alternative to gasoline as a primary engine fuel is becoming increasingly important. One proposed alternative is to use natural gas due to its availability, low cost, and generally reduced engine emissions. However, due to volumetric efficiency losses, the conversion of a standard spark-ignition engine originally operating on gasoline to run on natural gas has been shown to produce considerable power reductions. Additionally, improperly tuned natural gas conversion kits could potentially increase certain emissions’ quantities compared to gasoline. This work reports the results of an experiment designed to characterize the performance and emissions of a commonly used gasoline outboard boat motor converted to run on natural gas. Reported are the comparisons between gasoline and natural gas for the widely used engine operating parameters for gauging engine performance related to power output and harmful emissions, including oxides of nitrogen, unburned hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide, for comparison of the two test fuels. The results indicate that operation on natural gas greatly reduces harmful hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions at the cost of reduced engine power output and potentially increased oxides of nitrogen emissions.
An Innovative Model of a Home-Like Environment for People in Vegetative and Minimally Conscious States
Authors: Zylberman Rachele , Carolei Antonio , Sacco Simona , Mallia Pierre , Pistoia Francesca
Published: August 2015

Background and Purpose:

Many forms of assisted living have been proposed for people who have a loss of autonomy in activities of daily living. Despite the increasing prevalence of vegetative and minimally conscious states, no dedicated residential accommodation has been implemented for patients with chronic disorders of consciousness (DOCs).

Methods:

This is a descriptive study addressing an innovative model of in-house assistance, named Casa Iride, which has recently been implemented in the attempt to ensure health, safety, and well-being for people with DOCs and their families.

Results:

Our findings show that Casa Iride enables severely disabled individuals to live with dignity within a customized domestic environment. At the same time, it provides support for caregivers from both a practical and a psychological point of view.

Conclusions:

The results so far indicate a virtuous cycle that brings health, social, psychological, ethical, and economic advantages: the individuals receive all the assistance needed; the families share a place with other people with similar challenges, become more aware of their situation, and learn to cope with it and to maintain their productivity at work; and the care flow of patients through intensive care units and intensive rehabilitation wards is not delayed by a lack of post discharge services.
Effects of Mad Honey on Some Biochemical Parameters in Rats
Authors: Sahin Huseyin , Yildiz Oktay , Kolayli Sevgi
Published: August 2015

The aims of this study were to determine grayanotoxin (GTX-III) toxin level in mad honey using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and examine the dynamic changes of certain biochemical parameters in blood serum of rats that consumed mad honey. For the experimental animal study, 20 Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into 5 groups of 4 rats each, with one group being the control group (Group 1) and the others being the experimental groups (Groups 2-5). Groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 were, respectively, given mad honey extract at doses of 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, and 2.4 mg/g body weight/day via oral gavage for 8 days. According to results, the quantity of GTX-III found in the honey sample as 39.949 ± 0.020 μg GTX-III/g honey, and the biochemical analysis of the tested parameters (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, and creatine kinase muscle and brain) showed a significant elevation with increasing concentration of honey. In conclusion, the use of increasing concentrations of Rhododendron honey was seen as a source of enzymatic symptoms.
Work-Related Health Complaints and Injuries, and Health and Safety Perceptions of Latino Day Laborers
Authors: Burgel Barbara J. , Nelson Ronald W. , White Mary C.
Published: August 2015

This study describes socio-demographic, health, and work factors as well as health and safety perceptions of day laborers who reported work-related health complaints and injuries. The researchers completed a secondary data analysis of 217 interviews conducted in 2009 with day laborers in a large city. The participants reported 83 health complaints or injuries (38%) that had occurred during the prior 12 months, with 57 of these complaints or injuries resulting in lost work time. Pain and soreness of the back were the most prevalent health complaints or injuries; 66% of participants did not report their injuries, 62% reported no health and safety training, 96% reported they needed personal protective equipment (PPE), and 63% were provided with PPE. Latino day laborers reported a high 12-month prevalence of work-related health complaints and injuries. Ongoing policy work is needed to encourage injury reporting by day laborers and the provision of health and safety training and PPE to this group of workers.
Sarcoidosis
Authors: Smith Letha
Published: August 2015

Sarcoidosis was revealed by a worker in an initial post-offer examination. This disorder requires careful review prior to workers being in hot or cold environments, using respirators, or traveling internationally. To protect worker health, occupational health nurses must understand the pathophysiology and risks associated with sarcoidosis.
Copper-Assisted Direct Growth of Vertical Graphene Nanosheets on Glass Substrates by Low-Temperature Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition Process
Authors: Ma Yifei , Jang Haegyu , Kim Sun Jung , Pang Changhyun , Chae Heeyeop
Published: August 2015

Vertical graphene (VG) nanosheets are directly grown below 500 °C on glass substrates by a one-step copper-assisted plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) process. A piece of copper foil is located around a glass substrate as a catalyst in the process. The effect of the copper catalyst on the vertical graphene is evaluated in terms of film morphology, growth rate, carbon density in the plasma and film resistance. The growth rate of the vertical graphene is enhanced by a factor of 5.6 with the copper catalyst with denser vertical graphene. The analysis of optical emission spectra suggests that the carbon radical density is increased with the copper catalyst. Highly conductive VG films having 800 Ω/□ are grown on glass substrates with Cu catalyst at a relatively low temperature.
On monotone pointwise contractions in Banach and metric spaces
Authors: Abdou Afrah AN , Khamsi Mohamed A
Published: August 2015

In this work we define the new concept of monotone pointwise contraction mappings in Banach and metric spaces. Then we prove the existence of fixed points of such mappings.
A case study revealing the expressions of perforation shots in a shale gas stimulation operation
Authors: Van Renterghem Cédéric , Probert Tony , Bradford Ian , Özbek Ali , Robertsson Johan O. A.
Published: August 2015

The perforation of the borehole casing and cement is the final stage in a well-completion procedure to establish a connection with the reservoir for hydraulic fracturing purposes. Although they have been neglected to date, the generated seismic expressions of these explosions in the stimulation well display a very characteristic signature. A Fayetteville Shale stimulation concurrently monitored using a downhole and surface seismic array was analyzed to develop a better understanding of the perforation arrivals and to identify the influence of reservoir properties, using a combination of data processing and forward modeling. The perforation shots typically give rise to multiple P- and S-wave arrivals. Comparison of observed and modeled arrivals reveals the importance of incorporating two crucial geologic parameters: a 1.6° subsurface dip and a strong anisotropy in the Fayetteville Shale, typically between 40% and 50%. Of equal importance are shot-generated tube waves traveling through the treatment well, which convert into body waves after interaction with the perforation plugs that seal off the borehole and give rise to secondary high-amplitude, low-frequency seismic events. Hence, the waveforms related to source, propagation, and treatment operation effects become strongly interlinked and need careful separation and interpretation to allow for the correct identification of primary and secondary perforation arrivals and for the reliable derivation of velocity models for surface microseismic monitoring.
Is suvorexant a better choice than alternative hypnotics?
Authors: Kripke Daniel F.
Published: August 2015

Suvorexant is a novel dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) newly introduced in the U.S. as a hypnotic, but no claim of superiority over other hypnotics has been offered.  The manufacturer argued that the 5 and 10 mg starting doses recommended by the FDA might be ineffective.  The manufacturer's main Phase III trials had not even included the 10 mg dosage, and the 5 mg dosage had not been tested at all in registered clinical trials at the time of approval.  Popular alternative hypnotics may be similarly ineffective, since the FDA has also reduced the recommended doses for zolpidem and eszopiclone.  The "not to exceed" suvorexant dosage of 20 mg does slightly increase sleep.  Because of slow absorption, suvorexant has little effect on latency to sleep onset but some small effect in suppressing wakening after sleep onset and in improving sleep efficiency. The FDA would not approve the manufacturer's preferred 40 mg suvorexant dosage, because of concern with daytime somnolence, driving impairment, and possible narcolepsy-like symptoms.  In its immediate benefits-to-risks ratio, suvorexant is unlikely to prove superior to currently available hypnotics—possibly worse—so there is little reason to prefer over the alternatives this likely more expensive hypnotic less-tested in practice.  Associations are being increasingly documented relating hypnotic usage with incident cancer, with dementia risks, and with premature death.  There is some basis to speculate that suvorexant might be safer than alternative hypnotics in terms of cancer, dementia, infections, and mortality.  These safety considerations will remain unproven speculations unless adequate long-term trials can be done that demonstrate suvorexant advantages.
Motivational core of the organization´s staff: mechanisms of formation
Authors: Кибанов Ардальон , Kibanov Ardalon
Published: August 2015

The article presents a retrospective analysis of the development of motivation and incentives from the beginning of the industrial revolution. The author studies the basic elements of the process of motivation and characteristics of their interaction, gives a definition of motivational core of the organization´s staff and analyzes its characteristics. The article examines the issue of management of motivational core of the organization´s staff and factors affecting its performance.
Identify and resolve problems in the lean-management system of Russian enterprises
Authors: Кондратьев Эдуард , Kondratev Eduard , Новиков Константин , Novikov Konstantin
Published: August 2015

“Solving Problems” is a life-deterministic mechanism for the development of society. The main potential of modern Russian company is building a culture of “Identifying and Solving Problems”. The importance of understanding the problem as a fundamental source of positive change facilitates the transition from static mechanistic models of management to dynamic adaptive model, in which the main role is played by a man. The article presents the mechanisms and methods for solving problems in Russia and in the world. The dilemma of the choice of tools to solve problems identified.
Managerial accounting and analysis in the modern control concepts: problems and limitations
Authors: Гордеева Ольга , Gordeeva Olga , Серебрякова Татьяна , Serebryakova Tatyana
Published: August 2015

The authors consider the topical issues of modern strategic management and describe modern models of strategic management. Value-oriented management model, which aims to achieve the maximum possible value of the organization, examined in detail. The authors note the need for management accounting to collect information on key performance indicators, which show the change of the values of the organization and management analysis for the control and management decisions.
Innovative development on the basis of organizational system integrators
Authors: Анискин Юрий , Aniskin Yuriy
Published: August 2015

Problems and mechanisms of the organization of the enterprises of participants interaction at implementation of industry programs of innovative development are considered. The mechanism of management of the innovative capacity of the participating enterprises of programs of development on the basis of the system organizational integrator which creates conditions for the balanced planning and realization of organizational and economic processes on creation of competitive knowledge-intensive production is offered.
System dynamics and multiframe thinking of leaders and managers of the organization
Authors: Неретина Евгения , Neretina Evgeniya
Published: August 2015

In article the content of system dynamics as the important scientific direction urged to study behavior of difficult systems which category also the business organizations treat is opened. System dynamics is provided thanks to imitating modeling and computer stimulation which allow heads of the organization to estimate various hypotheses of behavior of difficult systems and to make reasonable administrative decisions. Realization in real practice of ideas of system dynamics demands from leaders of the companies of multiframe thinking and mastering the main ways and receptions of a reframing who are reflected in article. Thus the special attention is paid to formation of multiframe thinking in processes of adjustment and coordination of the intercompany relations.
Mathematical methods of decision-making in low-volume and piecework production enterprises
Authors: Кочкина Елена , Kochkina Elena , Радковская Елена , Radkovskaya Elena
Published: August 2015

The problem of drawing up a stable calendar of programs for various companies in the small-scale production can be solved using the elements of mathematical modeling. Considered optimization models allow the planned production volume of each product to distribute by time intervals shorter duration, taking into account contractual obligations and achieve the most balanced load equipment.
Estimation of cost of the venture companies in sector of information technologies
Authors: Гусев Андрей , Gusev Andrey
Published: August 2015

Prompt development of the information technologies (IT), and also large-scale expansion of penetration of the Internet was one of key catalysts of emergence of "the second wave" venture IT of the companies in recent years. So-called the “first wave” which came to the end with historical correction of the NASDAQ index on 2500 points in the spring of 2000 put both investment, and academic community before the main question: “How to estimate the cost of the venture of IT companies correctly?”. In this work the author through the analysis of specifics of venture IT of business comes to a conclusion about expediency of use of a method of real options with the corresponding modifications considering specifics of venture business. Adaptation of a method of real options to features of sector of information technologies at estimation of cost of the companies is result of the real research.
Management of enterprise financial resources formation
Authors: Третьяк Наталья , Tretyak Natalya
Published: August 2015

управление, фандрайзинг, краудфандинг, финансовые ресурсы, заемные, привлеченные средства
The statistical analysis of fixed investment in Russia for the period 2001–2012 years and the general assessment of the developed investment situation as factor of economic growth
Authors: Ивченко Юлия , Ivchenko Yuliya
Published: August 2015

Article is devoted to the analysis of volumes and dynamics of fixed investment of the Russian Federation for the 20012012 period, studying of sources of investment financing, identification of structure of investment on economy branches and assessment of the investment situation in Russia. In the course of the analysis the author revealed the time periods by criterion of nature of investment dynamics and the factors defining dynamics, offered classifications of investment by financing sources and by economy branches, calculated the yield of gross fixed capital formation.
Upon decision-making in alternative design problems
Authors: Любкин Сергей , Lyubkin Sergey , Голенко-Гинзбург Дмитрий , Golenko-Ginzburg Dmitriy , Свид Ницан , Svid Nitsan
Published: August 2015

One of the main problems in alternative network planning boils down to determining the optimal variant to carry out the considered simulated program. In this paper we will formulate the optimal variants choice criteria for the case of homogenous alternative networks which have been described in our publications [1–3].
Properties of Cyclide Dyupen and Their Application. Part 2
Authors: Сальков  , Sal'kov Nikolay
Published: August 2015

In the first part of this paper has discussed about the

basic properties of cyclide Dupin, and has gave some examples of

their applications: three ways of solving the problem of Apollonius

exclusively by means of compass and ruler, using identified properties

cyclide Dupin, that is, given a classical solution of the problem.

In the second of part of the work continued consideration of

the properties of cyclide Dupin. Proposed and proved the possibility

ask cyclide Dupin arbitrary ellipse as the center line of the

forming a plurality of spheres and a sphere with the center belong -

ing to the ellipse. Proved the adequacy of this information is used

to build the cyclide Dupin. Geometrically proved that the focal line

of cychlid are not that other, as curves of the second order. Given

the graphical representation of the focal lines of cychlid. Shown

polyconic compliance focal lines of cichlid of Dupin, which is

considered in all four cases. The proposed formation of the hyperbolic surfaces of the fourth

order with one or two primary curves of the second order, in this

case ellipses. Apply sofocus this ellipse the hyperbola. Although the

primary focus of the ellipse lying in the plane of the hoe, with the

center coinciding with the origin of coordinates, is stationary, and

the coordinate system rotates around the z axis. Then the points of

intersection of the rotating coordinates x and y with a fixed ellipse

specify new values for the major and minor axis of the ellipse with

resultant changes in the form defocuses of the hyperbola. Although

this modeling is not directly connected with Cychlidae Dupin, but

clearly follows from the properties of its focal curves – curves of

the second order. Withdrawn Equations of the surface and its throat.
Geometric Transformations in Descriptive Geometry And Engineering Graphics
Authors: Сенченкова  , Senchenkova L. , Иванов  , Ivanov G. , Серегин  , Seregin V. , Боровиков  , Borovikov Ivan
Published: August 2015

The publication is devoted to the analysis and justification

of questions of teaching one of the most important sections

of the course "Descriptive geometry" "Geometrical transformations".

On the basis of critical analysis suggestions are made for improvement

of a presentation technique of this section in the classroom

and in academic literature, as well as for extension of application

of geometrical transformations for the solution of position and

metric tasks, surfaces modelling, and also for design of complex

engineering forms that meets certain preassigned conditions.It is

offered to make a number of considerable amendments to the terms

and definitions used in the existing courses of descriptive geometry.

Some conclusions are made, and the appropriate proposals on

feasibility of coordination of movementtransformationteachingin

the courses of analytical and descriptive geometry are made. It will

provide interdisciplinary communications and allow students to be

convinced in usefulness and expediency of a combination of analytical

and graphic ways of geometric tasks solution. Implementation

of these suggestions contained in the article will contribute to a real

transformation of engineering and geometrical training and as a

consequence, the quality of training specialists.
The Construction of the Line of Intersection of Certain Complex Surfaces 2nd Order in Compass Using 2D- And 3D-Technologies
Authors: Харах  , Kharakh Matvey , Славин  , Slavin Boris , Козлова  , Kozlova Irina , Гусева  , Guseva T.
Published: August 2015

The paper considers various ways to construct the

intersection curves of surfaces, available in the scientific literature.

The analysis shows that the exact build intersection surfaces finds

extensive practical application when designing constructions from

sheet material, which must be built. In this case, the accuracy of

manufacturing elements construction depends largely on the accuracy

of the projections of the intersection of surfaces on an integrated

drawing. In this work the examples build the intersection

of several complex surfaces 2nd order among themselves and with

the curve line using 2D and 3D technologies. In this case, the accuracy

of manufacturing elements construction depends largely on

the accuracy of the projections of the intersection of surfaces on

an integrated drawing. In this work the examples build the intersection

of several complex surfaces 2nd order among themselves and

with the curve line using 2D and 3D technologies. Provides an

algorithm of building solid model of certain surfaces, which significantly

reduces the time to solving problems at the intersection

of the surfaces, making visibility into the solution, create a realistic

model of the object. In General, this work demonstrates that

one of the stages of further reform in teaching descriptive geometry

is the evolutionary path of development, outlining the many issues

(e.g., intersection of surfaces) using electronic kuhlmann. In this

case, students will receive a decision not by pushing buttons, and

applying the methods of descriptive geometry, simultaneously developing

spatial imagination and computer skills are already in the

first year. And the final stage of teaching descriptive geometry will

transition to 3D modelling, when the above tasks will instantly and

clearly resolved by simply pressing buttons.
Formation and Development of Professional Skills of Students When Studying Descriptive Geometry
Authors: Логиновский  , Loginovskiy A. , Хмарова  , Khmarova Lyudmila , Усманова  , Usmanova E.
Published: August 2015

At prompt development of informatization of production

the role of engineering education significantly increases. Graphic

disciplines on technical specialties of higher education institution

are the first professionally focused disciplines which are actively

influencing formation of competences of future experts. Many

problems of improvement of quality of development of difficult

courses of university programs can be solved by use of effective

forms of education. Realization of competence-based approach in

the higher education demands wide use of active and interactive

forms of carrying out occupations in combination with independent

work of students for formation and development of the professional

skills which are trained. Independent work has to bear not

only reproductive functions on fixing of the passable material, but

also to induce students to active self-education, creative preparation

for effective professional activity. Use of computer graphic tasks

with entertaining elements when training students in graphic disciplines

promotes increase of level of informative activity of students,

development of creative abilities and profound studying of a subject.

The new original graphic task on descriptive geometry with use

of computer technologies for students of auto makers is offered.

The graphic task consists in creation of electronic model of the car

as solid-object one of two developed ways of modeling. In the course

of performance of a task students solve the main geometrical objectives

by definition of a form and constructive and geometrical

parameters of the spatial objects entering a car design and in parallel

master 3D modeling in AutoCAD or Solid Works packages.

It is proved that inclusion in educational process of the graphic

task developed taking into account a professional orientation

trained, increases its efficiency. The task performed during the first

semester promotes fixing and profound studying of fundamentals

of descriptive geometry and development of computer graphics.

It can be used when studying 3D computer geometrical modeling

for students of the technical directions.
3D-Olympics And Computer Design Competition in Technical Universities Programs
Authors: Вельтищев  , Weltishev Vitaliy
Published: August 2015

The author shares his experience of training 3D geometric

design competition for technical objects using modern of

CAD-systems. It proposed the idea of development of creative

abilities of students in the process of learning the basics of geometric

modeling by incorporating elements of the structure of the

training methods of self-development. It is noted that the principle

of competition among the students in the group, encourages the

pursuit of the study of modern packages and the acquisition of new

skills. Created aimed at the development of creative abilities formation

technique Olympiad learning objectives based on the real

experience of designing in engineering offices and proposed a new

form of training for a competition at the expense of an additional

self-study students. As the experience of the first 3D-competitions,

the task of a typical section of the course of the IG does not attract

active and creative students who want to learn to work at a high

level and modern packages.

Systematic preparation for the 3D-competition is a necessary

and very useful tool to stimulate and self-study of the subject as

"Fundamentals of geometric modeling." This subject is not in the

programs of universities, but it is indispensable. The tasks of the

Olympiad are encouraged to include practical design solutions,

both in the solid state, and in surface modeling.

In more complex tasks with surface modeling is particularly

interesting to students. They seek to independently study the theoretical

and practical side of the work in computer-aided design

packages, so the competition celebrated its significant activity. In

tasks you are offered the use of standard methods of practical surface

modeling to create the technical and design form the projections

and conceptual sketches.

The article gives examples of practical solutions, which can be

seen a high level of theoretical and practical training of participants

in 3D geometric design competition, there is speed of execution of

tasks and the ability to solve professional design solutions.
International innovation clusters as a new effective form of business
Authors: Черкасов Михаил , Cherkasov Mikhail
Published: August 2015

The article points to the need to build new and effective organizational structures, which will deal with the implementation of innovative projects in the industry. The new “cluster” system will be better adapted to the new economic conditions, in which the main role began playing globalization of the world economy.
Production potential as the basis of innovative capabilities and methods of determi-nation of its magnitude
Authors: Вьюнова Регина , Vyunova Regina , Плотников Анатолий , Plotnikov Anatoly
Published: August 2015

To evaluate the innovation potential is necessary to determine the amount of production potential. The article presents the five basic methods by which is determined by production potential.