bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Achieving service excellence: a new Japanese approach versus the European framework
Authors: Azhashemi Masoud A. , Ho Samuel K.M.
Published: July 2002

Presents the Japanese initiative of total integrated management and identifies the multiple factors which can influence management quality and business performance in organisations. Explores the UK/European model for business excellence and the process of self‐assessment that can be applied by organisations in all sectors to improve their business results and competitive superiority. Compares the main features of the Japanese and the European frameworks and notes their differences together with their benefits and possible downsides. Uses case examples to demonstrate the application and the implications of these initiatives to practising managers. Concludes that for organisations to be effective they should use the dynamics of the integrated business excellence tools and value the quality level of the management policies and strategies as key success factors
Numerical investigation of the transient heat transfer in the inviscid stagnation flow with solidification
Authors: Yoo Joo‐Sik
Published: July 2002

The problem of transient heat transfer and growth of solid in the inviscid stagnation flow when phase change from liquid to solid occurs is considered. A fast and accurate numerical scheme is developed to determine the instantaneous temperature distribution in both solid and liquid phases and the growth rate of solid directly, without iterative calculation. The solution of the dimensionless governing equations is dependent on the three dimensionless parameters. The characteristics of the transient heat transfer and solidification process for all the parameters are elucidated.
Transient behaviours of float zones in μ‐g and 1‐g environments
Authors: Bazzi Hussein , Tam Nguyen Cong , Galanis Nicolas
Published: July 2002

This work is concerned with the problem of the transient behaviours of the axisymmetric thermocapillary laminar flow occurring inside a half zone subjected to a variable thermal boundary condition during a heating process. The molten liquid with its deformable free surface is considered incompressible with constant physical properties except for its density in buoyancy forces where Boussinesq’s approximation has been applied. The system of governing equations has been successfully solved by using the modified‐SIMPLE method, while the instantaneous position of the free surface was determined by employing a special procedure. Numerical simulations have been carried out for both NaNO3 and Silicon float zones operating under 1‐g and μ‐g conditions. The transient behaviours as well as the influence of the Marangoni number and the aspect ratio have been investigated.
Turbulent heat transfer in a channel with bars in tandem and in side by side arrangements
Authors: Alvarez Jaime , Pap Mirko , Valencia Alvaro
Published: July 2002

This work numerically investigates the effects of two square bars placed in various arrangements in a channel on pressure drop and heat transfer. Tandem arrangements and the two bars arranged side by side to the approaching flow are considered. The separation distance between the bars is varied in both types of arrangements. The Reynolds number Re based on channel height is 104, whereas the bar height to channel height (d/H) is 0.152. The channel walls are subjected to a constant wall temperature. The k‐ε turbulence model was used in conjunction with the Reynolds‐averaged momentum and energy equations for the simulations. A finite volume technique with staggered grids combined with the SIMPLEC algorithm is applied with a fine grid resolution. Results show that the local and global Nusselt numbers on the channel walls are strongly increased by the unsteady vortex shedding induced by the bars.
A finite volume method for steady state 2D shallow water flows
Authors: Zhou J.G. , Goodwill I.M.
Published: July 2002

Describes the solution of the shallow water flow equations in strongly conservative form using a finite volume method. A SIMPLE‐like scheme is developed to treat the velocity depth coupling. The method is applied to flow in a sharply curved channel and the results compared with published data. An error analysis is included which indicates that the method proposed is suitable for solving two‐dimensional steady state problems in open channel flow.
Numerical study of 2D and 3D flowfields in a high‐power pulsed chemical laser
Authors: Vuillon J. , Zeitoun D.
Published: July 2002

High‐power chemical lasers operating in high repetitive rate show a decrease of the output energy laser beam. In such lasers, the characteristic time which depends on the laser output is short in comparison with those related to the flow. Consequently, shock waves, acoustic waves and thermal perturbations, induced by the strong electric energy deposition and remaining in the laser cavity between two pulses, may explain the decrease of output energy of the laser beam. For a better understanding of the flowfields, a numerical approach is carried out using flux corrected transport algorithms (FCT methods) associated with a Riemann solver on the computational domain boundaries. Under two‐dimensional assumptions, the inviscid flow in the convergent‐divergent laser cavity is computed to describe the creation and propagation of the wave system and the hot gas column in both single and multidischarge operating modes. Distortions of the contact surfaces are put into evidence through the study of flowfield instabilities. Finally, the limitations of the two‐dimensional modelization become apparent. The numerical resolution is extended to a 3D case in order to take into account the optical direction. This allows to study the influence of shock waves travelling between optics and being generated by a side effect developing at the electrodes. These waves have an effect of long duration on the flowfield and lead to a high residual perturbation level.
Asymptotic and numerical analysis of vertical, planar liquid sheets subject to London‐van der Waals forces
Authors: Ramos J.I.
Published: July 2002

Asymptotic methods are employed to derive the long wave equations governing the fluid dynamics of thin, time‐dependent, incompressible, vertical, planar liquid sheets at low Reynolds numbers subjected to London‐van der Waals body forces and gravity. Analytical solutions for steady, viscous sheets in gravitational and zero‐gravity environments are obtained for large surface tension. Numerical studies of planar liquid sheets at low Reynolds numbers with no surface tension indicate that, for plane stagnation flows, the deceleration of the sheet as it approaches the solid wall decreases as the London‐van der Waals forces are increased, the effects of these body forces decrease as the Froude number is increased, and, for Reynolds‐to‐Froude numbers greater than one, the thickening of the sheet as it approaches the solid boundary increases as the Hamaker constant is increased. Numerical experiments of film casting processes with three different flow approximations which account for or neglect inertia and/or the gravitational pull have also been performed and indicate that for high take‐up speeds, a boundary layer is formed at the downstream boundary, the thickness of this layer decreases as the London‐van der Waals forces are increased, and, for Reynold‐to‐Froude numbers larger than one, the leading‐order thickness and axial velocity component are very sensitive to the value of the Hamaker constant.
On the reduction of computational costs in eigenfunction expansions of multidimensional diffusion problems
Authors: Corrêa E.J. , Cotta R.M. , Orlande H.R.B.
Published: July 2002

Analytical or hybrid numerical‐analytical solutions of multidimensional diffusion problems involve the evaluation of nested multiple infinite summations, which require the computation of eigenvalues and related quantities, from associated auxiliary eigenvalue‐type problems. A substantial reduction of the total computational effort in the construction of the final solution for the original potential can be achieved through the proper reorganization of the multiple summations into a single series representation. Such reordering of terms should be carefully accomplished, in order to account for the most significant contributions to the final numerical result, up to a truncated finite order that meets the user prescribed tolerance for the relative error. Presents an algorithm for an optimized scheme with consequent reduction on the number of eigenquantities to be evaluated. This approach is illustrated through representative two and three‐dimensional transient heat conduction problems.
Simulation of non‐linearheat conduction by means of thermodynamics‐based algorithm
Authors: Berezovski A.
Published: July 2002

Describes an extension of cellular automata to simulate heat conduction process. The offered algorithms is rather the tool for the direct simulation of a process than for the solution of partial differential equations. Its essential feature is the absence of any partial differential equations used widely for the description of heat conduction. Moreover, Fourier’s law (or any of its generalizations) is not even used. Instead, the equations of state for a medium are applied immediately together with a rule of updating of cell’s states which follows from thermodynamic laws applied to interacting systems. The interaction is described in terms of Gibbsian state space. One‐dimensional heat conduction in a stationary layer is considered as an example. Shows that steady‐state temperature distributions are linear in the case of solids in full correspondence with the classical theory. At the same time, these distributions are significantly non‐linear in water, especially under sufficiently large gravitational force or in regions of phase transitions.
Discrete‐vortical elements simulation of air jet interaction with swirling air motion inside a 2D cylinder
Authors: Ebiana Asuquo B.
Published: July 2002

A computational procedure based on a hybrid Lagrangian‐Eulerian discrete‐vortical element formulation and conformal transformation schemes are employed in this study to simulate the interaction of an air jet with swirling air flow inside a two‐dimensional cylinder. Such an investigation is of importance to many flow‐related industrial and environmental problems, such as mixing, cooling, combustion and dispersion of air‐borne or water‐borne contaminants because of the role of vortices in the global transport of matter and heat. The basis for the simulation is discussed and numerical results compared with theoretical results for the velocity field and streamfunction obtained by the method of images. The swirling air motion and the features of a real jet are well simulated and numerical results are validated by predictions of theory to within 20 per cent. To illustrate the merging and interaction processes of vortices and the formation of large eddies, velocity vectors, particle trajectories and streamline contours are presented.
A numerical study of thermal convection in a rotating spherical annulus with axial gravitational field by using parametric spline function approximation
Authors: Raghavarao C.V. , Srinivas S.T.P.T.
Published: July 2002

A parametric spline function approximation is used to study the steady combined convection of a Boussinesq fluid contained between two concentric rotating spheres. A spline function which depends on a parameter p > 0 is used for approximation. This approximation gives second order accuracy. The spheres which form the flow region are maintained at uniform but different temperatures and are allowed to rotate about a common vertical axis with different angular velocities. A uniform gravitational field acts in the direction parallel to that of the axis of rotation. The resulting flow patterns, temperature distributions, total heat flux and torque characteristics are presented for various cases considered and it is found that these results are in good agreement with the results of Dallman and Douglass in 1980.
Time‐dependentcomputations of turbulent bluff‐body diffusion flames close to extinction
Authors: Koutmos P. , Mavridis C. , Papailiou D.
Published: July 2002

A two dimensional time‐dependent Navier Stokes formulation that encompasses aspects from both the LES formalism and the conventional k‐ε approaches was employed to calculate a range of reacting bluff‐body flows exhibiting high or low level large scale structure activity. Extensive regions of local flame extinction found in these bluff‐body flame configurations were treated with a partial equilibrium/two‐scalar exponential PDF combustion submodel combined with a local extinction criterion based on a comparison of the turbulent Damkohler number against the ratio of the scalar scale to the reaction zone thickness. A dual‐mode description, burning/ non‐burning, of combustion provided the local gas state. Comparisons between calculations and measurements indicated the ability of the method to capture all the experimentally observed variations in the momentum and reactive scalar mixing fields over a range of operating conditions from the lean to the rich blow‐out limit.
Equilibration of heat conduction simulation in a very thin film using molecular dynamics
Authors: Xue H. , Shu C.
Published: July 2002

This investigation deals with the equilibration of heat conduction simulation in a very thin film using molecular dynamics. Two parameters, the positional order parameter and the kinetic H‐function, are employed simultaneously to monitor the evolution to the equilibrium. With the different boundary conditions, material parameters, and molecular lattice configurations, the results of the simulation show that the combination of the two parameters can give a consistent prediction to the approach of the equilibrium. At the equilibrium state, the process of heat conduction in a thin film is studied to understand the macroscopic behaviour from the standpoint of molecular dynamic motions. The method used can be applied to solve other microscopic flow and heat transfer problems using molecular dynamic simulation.
Effect of throughflow and Coriolis force on Bénard convection in micropolar fluids
Authors: Murty Yedidi N.
Published: July 2002

The effect of throughflow and Coriolis force on convective instabilities in micropolar fluid layer heated from below for free‐free, isothermal and micro‐rotation free boundaries is investigated. Calculations are made using a lower order Galerkin approximation to solve the eigenvalue problem for stationary instability. It is observed that both stabilizing and destabilizing factors due to constant vertical throughflow can be enhanced by rotation.
Free convection flow of thermomicropolar fluid along a vertical plate with nonuniform surface temperature and surface heat flux
Authors: Hossain M. A. , Chowdhury M.K. , Gorla R.S.R.
Published: July 2002

We determine the effects of micro‐inertia density and the vortex viscosity on laminar free convection boundary layer flow of a thermomicropolar fluid past a vertical plate with exponentially varying surface temperature as well as surface heat flux. The governing nonsimilarity boundary layer equations are analyzed using: first, a series solution for small ξ (a scaled streamwise distribution of micro‐inertia density), second, an asymptotic solution for large ξ and, third, a full numerical solution implicit finite difference method together with Keller‐box scheme. Results are expressed in terms of local skin friction and local Nusselt number. The effects of varying the vortex viscosity parameter, Δ, surface temperature and the surface heat flux gradient n and m respectively against ξ for fluids having Prandtl number equals 0.72 and 7.0 are determined.
Year 2000 preparedness at Firstlogic: a case study
Authors: Lemke Mark , Bandyopadhyay Kakoli
Published: July 2002

The Year 2000 (Y2K) problem threatens the effective functioning of all Information Technology‐enabled organizations. This paper illustrates the Y2K preparedness at Firstlogic, a software company in Wisconsin, USA. At Firstlogic, products have been tested for Y2K compliance, solutions have been suggested for non‐compliant systems, resources have been allocated to modify or replace affected systems, and relevant legal issues have been addressed to protect the company from Y2K‐related lawsuits.
Education for library and information science on the distance mode in India: a critique
Authors: Jeevan V.K.J.
Published: July 2002

In the last five years, more and more universities have ventured into offering library courses on the distance mode, without any major increase in the demand for library professionals in the Indian job market. The motivations behind this practice are visible to a curious observer, and it is attempted in this paper, to list unusual conditions of the distance learning practice for library and information science education in India. A comparison of the library professional with an engineering professional is explored to arrive at the facts. Since accurate data about the number of library jobs is not available, two models were constructed to justify that the demand on library jobs is fully satisfied by the regular courses. The aspirations of working graduates of libraries to become professionally competent can be satisfied by resorting to an “accommodative” attitude by library schools. The challenges posed by the unchecked growth on distance education can be tackled only by the formation of a Library Education Council (LEC) with proper support by the professionals, administrators and professional organisations.
Facilitating psychological skills: technique is not enough
Authors: Akinwunmi Peter
Published: July 2002

Discusses the difficulties of ensuring quality teaching of human or
psychological skills. To teach manual skills effectively educators must
possess those skills themselves. However, psychological skills are
different – they are slippery concepts and very difficult to
measure. With the proliferation of various techniques and games involved
in their teaching there is a great danger of ineffective and, therefore,
low quality training. Concludes that to ensure effectiveness teachers
must be honest and well integrated; they must be seen to be genuine with
congruent personalities and accept the ongoing challenge of
self‐awareness.
Benchmarking: an alternative to OFSTED – lessons for higher
education
Authors: Brennan John
Published: July 2002

Schools and colleges have been placed firmly in the marketplace and
are adopting appropriate strategies. Companies facing severe competition
have learned to look at the quality, both of product and process, of
their competitors, giving rise to the growing practice of benchmarking.
Schools and colleges are currently being judged by a mechanistic,
outcomes‐based inspection method which could provide the only benchmark
for most teachers. Argues for collaborative benchmarking where schools
and colleges examine in particular the quality of their processes in a
search for how value is really added to the students′ experience.
Emphasizes the need for an alternative perception of schools to that
represented by OFSTED and suggests that benchmarking could be an
important, and subversive, alternative.
Making a case for educational development in times of drift and shift
Authors: Badley Graham
Published: July 2002

Ten strategies are offered as collectively making a case for an educational conception of professional development in higher education. These strategies, it is argued, should help the system to resist the various forms of academic drift that are discernible, and especially those described as “research drift” and “teaching drift”, which could, unless stemmed, lead to a fragmentation of higher education. Educational development is also promoted as a set of conditions and as a series of strategies which could help higher education institutions counter the deleterious effects of “managerial shift” which is characterised as a more or less deliberate attempt to move universities away from the values of collegiality towards those of a contrasting ideology which strongly features bureaucracy and efficiency. By adopting an educational approach to professional development, higher education institutions would be helping to establish themselves more effectively as learning organisations and would be contributing to the Dearing aim of creating a learning society.
Developing an institutional framework for rewarding excellence in teaching: a case study
Authors: Thompson Jane , Cook Mike , Cottrell Derek , Lewis Roger , Miller Bill
Published: July 2002

Outlines an institutional framework for identifying and rewarding excellence in teaching, drawing on an initiative developed at the University of Lincolnshire and Humberside. Describes the strategies adopted by the excellence in teaching working group, the outcomes of the project, and identifies how these have been implemented in the university’s promotions policy. Case study offers a framework for practitioners involved in raising the quality and profile of teaching in higher education through a recognition of the achievement of excellence.
Developing distance learning courses in a “traditional” university
Authors: Lawton Sally , Barnes Richard
Published: July 2002

Distance learning is becoming more popular in the traditional university setting. The term “traditional” is used to denote the main full‐time approach to educational provision that has been evident in higher education. In this paper, we argue for the need to approach such flexible‐learning developments with a business‐planning approach. This is illustrated in two case‐studies where business planning was and was not used. Such a considered approach to full‐cost course development will ensure that a course delivered by distance‐learning mode is not seen by academic managers as a “cheap option”.
Security in Open and Distributed Systems
Authors: Caelli William J.
Published: July 2002

Distributed computing systems impose new requirements on the security of
the operating systems and hardware structures of the computers
participating in a distributed data network environment. It is proposed
that multiple level (greater than two) security hardware, with
associated full support for that hardware at the operating system level,
is required to meet the needs of this emerging environment. The normal
two layer (supervisor/user) structure may probably be insufficient to
enforce and protect security functions consistently and reliably in a
distributed environment. Such two‐layer designs are seen as part of
earlier single computer/processor system structures while a minimum
three/four‐layer security architecture appears necessary to meet the
needs of the distributed computing environment. Such multi‐level
hardware security architecture requirements are derived from earlier
work in the area, particularly the Multics project of the mid‐1960s, as
well as the design criteria for the DEC VAX 11/780 and Intel iAPX‐286
processor and its successors, as two later examples of machine
structures. The security functions of individual nodes participating in
a distributed computing environment, and their associated evaluation
level, appear critical to the development of overall security
architectures for the protection of distributed computing systems.
Protection of Electronic Mail and Electronic Messages
Authors: Gluck Fredric B.
Published: July 2002

As more and more information is moved around the organization and the
world using the growing E‐mail and electronic messaging infrastructure,
what technologies are available to ensure that these messages are
protected, that the recipient is positive of the sender′s identity and
that messages are not damaged or altered in transit? The paper‐based
world of message exchange takes these capabilities for granted by using
envelopes and signatures. How are these and similar protection
mechanisms implemented in the world of electronic documents, E‐mail and
electronic messaging? Provides a survey of the technology used to
provide digital signatures, message authentication and message
protection. It explains how these technologies work and how they can be
used in an existing messaging infrastructure to allow the sending and
receiving of sensitive information.
Establishing Security in a Multi‐platform, Multi‐vendor Enterprise‐wide
IT Environment
Authors: Fitzgerald Kevin J.
Published: July 2002

Establishing information security in a downsized multi‐platform,
multi‐vendor, enterprise‐wide information technology environment is
emerging as the greatest challenge yet to confront the information
security industry. Outlines the problems, describes the ideal solution
and suggests some currently possible solutions.
Legal control of computer crime in Hong Kong
Authors: Lee Matthew K. O.
Published: July 2002

One of the main aims of information systems security (ISS) is to
prevent unauthorized access to and tampering with information systems
resources. In April 1993 the first ever computer crime legislation came
into existence in Hong Kong. Issues relating to computer fraud, hacking,
and other types of threats to ISS are addressed by the legislation. As a
legislative tool used in the control of computer crime, the Hong Kong
experience is worth examining because it is the first major effort of
this kind in the important and fast growing Far East region. In
critically examining this legislation and its implications on ISS
management, contributes towards a better understanding of the regulatory
control of computer crime and its policy implications. Makes comparisons
with countries which have a longer history of computer crime control.
Knowledge technologies and business alignment
Authors: Brockway Douglas W.
Published: July 2002

Achieving lasting, profitable growth is often a matter of maintaining “alignment”. Companies need to ensure that their strategy, organization, processes, culture and systems remain mutually supportive ‐ i.e. “aligned” ‐ rather than in conflict. Information technology can be a powerful tool for helping complex companies stay aligned. Of particular promise is the relatively new set of technologies known as “knowledge technologies” ‐ networks, groupware like Lotus Notes, WWWebware, etc. ‐ that in combination provide a breadth, depth, and immediacy of communication and knowledge sharing not available in any other single medium. Describes a philosophy and an approach for improving business alignment through knowledge technologies.
Collaborative computing, groupware and knowledge
Authors: Duffy Jan
Published: July 2002

Addresses the changes to organizations and to work life resulting from technology‐ enabled changes in the global economy. Postulates that collaboration, as distinct from co‐operation, and collaborative computing are undervalued and underutilized at present. Recommends an approach to incorporating collaboration, collaborative computing and groupware technology into work in order to maximize organizational knowledge and performance.
Internet and Intranet: the faces of the wired economy
Authors: May Thornton A.
Published: July 2002

Draws on extensive research and experience to provide commentary and insight on a range of management issues in the information technology world. Presents a picture of the evolving composition of commercial relationships resulting from the emergence of the Internet and new modes of enacting trade among businesses.
There’s an entranet in your future
Authors: Brockway Douglas W.
Published: July 2002

Presents the concept of “entranets”, entrepreneurial partnerships enabled by computer networking. Compares the concept to the Japanese keiretsu model. Discusses the expanding role of technology in day‐to‐day business dealings. Presents case studies of successful employment of the entranet concept. Recommends actions for capturing the full benefits of the concept and the technologies.
A distributed component framework for integrated network and systems management
Authors: Knahl M. , Hofmann H.D. , Phippen A.
Published: July 2002

It is proposed that future work should move on from existing network and system management methodologies to consider enhancing the management methodology for ATM and other networking technologies to meet existing and future requirements. This paper outlines an area where significant potential for further research exists and proposes a component‐based management architecture. The discussion indentifies the technological limitations and architectural drawbacks of current solutions and proposes the extension of existing services and an enhanced management framework to overcome the current restrictions.
Step‐by‐step guideline for designing and documenting the navigation structure of multimedia hypertext systems
Authors: Huat Ng Eng
Published: July 2002

Most traditional navigational design techniques do not provide a good mechanism for dealing with the complexity of the navigational path of multimedia hypertext (or hypermedia) systems, such as a multimedia page on the Web. When the number of pages (or nodes) of the hypermedia system grows, the links among these pages increase factorially. This makes the navigation structure diagram of a small 20‐page Web site almost impossible to read, maintain, expand and reuse. In addition, most of these techniques do not provide formal instruction, or a step‐by‐step guideline, for users to support their development of hypermedia systems. This paper, therefore, aims to introduce, step‐by‐step, a new graph‐based navigational design technique, the Navigational Graph, together with a new set of notation. It provides systems developers to visualise and manipulate the navigational structures of Web sites. This technique improves the reusability, maintainability, decomposability, readability and expandability of the development of Web sites in terms of navigational design. This paper also attempts to address the problem of lack of guidelines for users to design and document their Web sites.
Internet resources on Asian studies: a guide to the best sites of 1998
Authors: Chao Sheau‐yueh J.
Published: July 2002

The Internet contains a rapidly increasing quantity of valuable resources on Asia‐specific information. In view of the vast scope of the Asian countries and the fast proliferation of good sites, this article offers only a sampling of valuable Internet resources as starting points for further exploration. It covers meta sites, electronic articles, library resource pages, and electronic journals and newspapers. The first part of this paper includes the Internet sites of Asian studies, the second part contains selected country resources from China, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea and Taiwan, and the third part presents the leading Asian electronic journals and newspapers. Preference was given to comprehensive sites on countries or regions that have been the focus of recent academic study and research. All the sources are in English and some of them contain bilingual or multilingual versions.
Bringing the Internet and multimedia revolution to the classroom
Authors: Peled Alon
Published: July 2002

Besieged by the distance learning revolution, many senior university and college administrators are asking: how can traditional classroom teaching be modified in order to keep pace with the rapidly evolving high‐tech marketplace for higher education? The Faculty of Social Science at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel launched a three‐year pilot project to use multimedia and distance learning tools to improve classroom teaching. There are initial signs of success for this unique project that knits together powerful new multimedia infrastructure, WWW course sites, and electronic “smart classrooms.” This article proposes nine political guidelines for university administrators who seek to advance similar pilots but who also fear that faculty members will oppose such revolutionary projects.
Library’s unified information system and advanced library services
Authors: Bordoni Luciana , Colagrossi Attilio
Published: July 2002

In this work are described some concepts concerning the creation of a library’s unified network and its unified information system, based on innovative technologies for the distribution of the largest number of advanced services to an increasing number of users. Initially, we explain the functions which characterise a unified network, describing the different levels of interoperability and application cooperation services needed to realize the library’s unified information system. The basic elements of the network architecture have been considered from the functional point of view, taking them from the distribution system’s architectures. At the end, some of the advanced systems to be used through the library’s unified network are exposed and discussed; among them, the information filtering system, the digital library, and the distance learning and educational services.
Computer technology in the College of Agriculture classroom at Louisiana State University
Authors: Vlosky Richard P. , Summers Teresa A.
Published: July 2002

Reports on a study conducted in 1998 at the Louisiana State University College of Agriculture on using technology in the classroom environment. Results indicate that students are generally computer literate with 80 per cent either owning or planning to purchase a personal computer in the next year. Eighty‐five per cent prefer computer‐supported teaching that includes the Internet and multimedia classroom technologies. Sixty‐five per cent of students believe that computer‐based technology in the classroom is very important regarding future competitiveness in the job market. Finally, significant gaps were found between student proficiency and desire to learn more about many technologies including databases, presentation graphics, video presentations and Web page design.
Diversified use of ICT in education
Authors: Koubek Anni , Jandl Maria
Published: July 2002

The Fachhochschule JOANNEUM (FH JOANNEUM), a university of applied science, founded the Centre for Multimedia and Learning (CML) in 1998, in order to provide support for lecturers in implementing computer‐supported learning strategies within their classes. Now, after two years of work and different approaches applied, the CML has developed a strategy which promises a sustainable development for the highly diversified courses offered at the university. Within this article, evaluation results of three different approaches are described and the future strategy of a bottom‐up approach is outlined. Based on the results, an in‐house training program for the teaching staff has been developed.
Developing a campus‐wide information system: a global experience
Authors: Oh Denise
Published: July 2002

Developing a campus‐wide information system (CWIS) in any
organization is not a straightforward task insofar as a high level of
commitment in the planning process and subsequent ongoing involvement in
the maintenance of the system are required of users. User patronage of
the system is in fact comparable in importance to the commitment by
developers both during system development stages and in the maintenance
of the system thereafter.
VTLS: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University – revised search sheet
Authors: Henry Marcia , Keenan Linda , Reagan Michael
Published: July 2002

The following VTLS Virginia Polytechnic search sheet updates the 1991
search sheet published in the first edition of Search Sheets for
OPACS on the Internet. Principal changes are new telnet and IP
address, keyword and Boolean search capabilities. VTLS now offers a
novice menu‐driven mode which is evoked by 〈?〉. The
menu‐driven mode does not prompt the user on keyword and Boolean
searching. Patrons can switch between menu and command searches by
entering a search command or typing/help to see the command help screen.
The library and you: curriculum integrated library instruction via the WWW
Authors: Simoneaux Laverne , D’Angelo Barbara J. , Jung and Karen , Orgeron Elizabeth
Published: July 2002

As an instructional medium, the World Wide Web offers a multitude of options for educators. This paper highlights the design, implementation and use of the WWW to provide and evaluate library instruction including: a curriculum‐ integrated tutorial for learning online resources, critical thinking and other information literacy skills; “Ask a librarian” e‐mail reference service; a multi‐user object‐oriented environment (MOO) for real‐time course‐integrated instruction and synchronous reference service.
Creation and evolution of a Web‐based reference collection for an academic community
Authors: Adamson Shaun , Weingart Sandra
Published: July 2002

Describes the development of a Web‐based reference collection for an academic community. Includes such topics as collection development policies, tailoring the site to a specific audience, staff motivation, and site design. Discusses successes, failures and modifications during the first two years of the project.
Rethinking the “course” in an online world
Authors: Lairson Thomas D.
Published: July 2002

The emergence of online education creates opportunities for positive education changes centering on improved learning rather than on reaping economies of scale. We can develop online strategies for using class time more productively; courses can be arranged to correspond to the varying learning curves of different students; and degrees can be tailored to the actual competencies students achieve. Further, the online world based in hypertext and virtuality creates the possibility of providing entirely new educational materials and environments. These improvements depend on faculty seizing control of the way technology is used in education.
Voice recognition software and OCLC: technology that works
Authors: Bertuca David J.
Published: July 2002

Increased demands on catalogers to increase productivity, while maintaining quality and accuracy, can be difficult to meet, and may even be hazardous to their health. OCLC Passport for Windows (PFW) and CatME provide some ability to create macros and shortcuts to speed cataloging activities, but do not solve the problems created by long work sessions. Voice recognition software, which works with most applications, is an effective way to input commands and data accurately into a computer. The software can be customized to provide single word input of complex commands, allowing the cataloger to concentrate more on the content of their records, rather than the input. This type of software is helpful not only to workers with repetitive strain injury (RSI) or physical disabilities, but also to anyone requiring accurate input during extended work sessions. This article explains how the software works, offers examples, and provides tips on working with using voice recognition.
Building bridges between faculty and library staff with OCLC
FirstSearch
Authors: Herro Steven
Published: July 2002

Describes how the library and biology disciplines of St Norbert
College, Wisconsin, implemented First‐Search training of the BasicBiosis
file for upper‐divisional biology students. Explains how the investment
in FirstSearch affected payment on the paper Biological Abstracts and how the library and biology disciplines networked “like
never before” to come to this agreement. The deal was made in Fall
1994.
The Borrowing Update System: current status, future plans and
technical elements
Authors: Lewis John D.
Published: July 2002

The Borrowing Update System (BUS) is a Windows‐based interlibrary
loan package designed to facilitate common tasks related to record
management and reporting. As a follow‐up to the initial article (which
introduced the BUS), discusses the technical aspects with a look toward
expansion issues.
Cataloging with CAT ME Plus in MS Windows
Authors: Urbizagástegui Rubén , Percy Dave
Published: July 2002

Describes the advantages and disadvantages of a program information file (PIF) for the DOS CAT ME Plus (Cataloguing Micro Enhancer) in an MS Windows microcomputer. Examines the literature in this area and goes on to describe the experiences at The University of California, Riverside. Discusses the limitations of the system but concludes that the PIF system is well worth installing.
OCLC in Denmark
Authors: Knakkegaard Lone
Published: July 2002

Reviews OCLC services in Denmark and other Nordic countries. Outlines most popular services set against the background of libraries and information provision in Nordic countries.
OML macros: Web presentation guidelines and source list
Authors: Chang Sheau‐Hwang
Published: July 2002

More than 100 macros have been written and made available on the Web since the debut of PFW in 1996. Evidently, OML has benefited many OCLC system users in automating their jobs. Nevertheless, finding the desired macros takes considerable time and effort because Web sites that provide macros present them in widely varied formats. This article presents the Web sites that currently provide macros for sharing, initiates the discussion on Web macro presentation guidelines, evaluates the presented Web sites based on these guidelines, and provides a source list of useful macros specifically for OCLC subsystem applications.
Metacognitive research and development framework (MRDF) for Internet instructional science software
Authors: Maule R. William
Published: July 2002

This project developed and implemented a prototype WWW‐based instructional learning system modeled around a metacognitive research and development framework which mapped cognitive variables, to metacognitive learning strategies for those variables, to metadata for the instructional design of the media. The framework helped delineate learning strategies and related metacognitive attributes of young students acquiring knowledge in advanced science concepts in an Internet/browser‐based environment. The framework also provided a basis for learner‐specific Internet content personalization.
Telementoring takes off in California
Authors: Doyle Christina S.
Published: July 2002

The Telemation project, a California grant‐funded training project,
trained approximately 450 teachers through institutes conducted in the
spring and fall of 1994. A central theme in this project is information
literacy – the ability to access, evaluate, and use information
from a variety of sources. Helping students acquire these skills is key
to their successful use of online resources, as well as their continued
ease in learning later in life. The TeleLearning Mobile Unit (TMU)
provided a unique means to conduct training, in which 24 participants
had simultaneous access to online resources. All participants are to
develop a classroom project integrating online resources into the K‐12
curriculum. By late spring 1995, all Telemation projects should be
online, available as models for all K‐12 teachers.
KIDLINK
Authors: Wheeler Daniel D.
Published: July 2002

The Kidlink project began in 1990 with the goal of creating a
global dialogue among the ten to 15‐year‐old youths of the world. The
primary medium for this exchange has been through e‐mail mailing lists.
Over four years, that project has experienced nearly an order of
magnitude growth. This growth has entailed major changes in both the way
the dialogue itself has been structured and in the organization of the
volunteers who run the project. Growth is much more of a challenge for
those Internet projects that provide contact with individuals than for
those that are primarily providing access to information. The success of
KIDLINK provides a useful model for others.
The academic computer specialist in Mexico: a preliminary
investigation
Authors: Van Jacob Scott
Published: July 2002

Many Mexican universities are now offering Internet access to their
faculty and users. This access is provided by computer services staff
who traditionally have been responsible only for the technical aspects
of establishing, maintaining, and updating the university computer
systems. The computer specialists are finding themselves largely
unprepared to assume this new role as information specialists. Examines
the newly emerging and evolving roles of these computer specialists.
TayNet: establishing and evaluating a local Internet service provider
Authors: Marshall Graham Logan Ian M. , Callison Richard , Dobson Malcolm
Published: July 2002

Reviews the growth of TayNet, a local service provider which was established to support the development of businesses in Tayside by providing local access to the Internet. Describes the computer, communication and software components of the TayNet Point of Presence along with the technical and end‐user evaluation of the pilot phase. Provides sample performance figures along with connection statistics for 45 active participants during an audit week. Describes technical problems experienced and end‐user requested features and end‐user perceptions and opinions of TayNet and the Internet.
Electronic commerce ‐ would, could and should you use current Internet payment mechanisms?
Authors: Buck S. Peter
Published: July 2002

Suggests that the discussion of online payments, while ultimately being a key issue for the future Information SuperHighway, is as significant now as it ever will be. The explosive increase in the use of the Internet has seen the emergence of commercial services and pressures previously restricted to Compuserve and the like. Many predictions see this burgeoning electronic marketplace becoming a significant component of the world economy. However, this can only happen once two key problems have been addressed, namely, protecting property rights, and making payments. This has led to a frantic battle for payment mechanisms that can provide the new medium with the means of conducting transactions. Identifies the key commercial requirements that successful use of the Internet will impose on a payment mechanism. Identifies the different types of mechanisms that are proposed, on trial or in use on the Internet. Evaluates each of these mechanisms against the requirements to determine which (if any) are really suitable for electronic commerce.
Computer mediated communication and publication productivity among faculty
Authors: Cohen Joel
Published: July 2002

Investigates whether faculty who use computer mediated communication (CMC) achieve greater scholarly productivity as measured by publications and a higher incidence in the following prestige factors: receipt of awards; service on a regional or national committee of a professional organization; service on an editorial board of a refereed journal; service as a principal investigator on an externally funded project; or performance of other research on an externally funded project. Also investigates whether faculty who use CMC at less research‐oriented institutions realize disproportional benefit from their use of CMC. Data were collected in Fall 1994. A positive relationship was found between the frequency of use of CMC and publications, including coauthored publications. CMC users also had a higher incidence of prestige factors. In addition to statistically significant relationships between CMC use and productivity measures, faculty judged CMC to be of some utility to their productivity. Nevertheless, there did not appear to be a “democratizing effect” which would yield disproportionate benefit to those from less research‐oriented institutions.
Approaches for resolving dynamic IP addressing
Authors: Foo Schubert , Cheung Hui Siu , Wai Yip See , He Yulan
Published: July 2002

Knowledge of the Internet Protocol (IP) address is essential for connection establishment in certain classes of synchronous distributed applications, such as Internet telephony and video‐conferencing systems. A problem of dynamic IP addressing arises when the connection to the Internet is through an Internet service provider, since the IP address is dynamically allocated only at connection time. Proposes and draws a contrast between a number of generic methods that can be classified as online and offline methods for the resolution of dynamic IP addressing. Online methods, which include the World Wide Web, exchange server and the dynamic Domain Name System, are only effective when both the caller and recipient are logged on to the Internet. On the other hand, offline methods, which include electronic mailing and directory service look‐up, provide an additional means to allow the caller to leave messages when the recipient is not logged on to the Internet. Of these methods, the dynamic Domain Name System and directory service look‐up appear to be the best for resolving dynamic IP addressing.