bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors Modifying the Outcome of Tuberculous Meningitis (TBM) in Adults: A Hospital Based Study in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Kamal , Hussain Mohammad Enayet , Hoque Md Azharul , Saha Uttam Kumar , Chowdhury Rajib Nayan , Islam Rafiqul , Akhanji Md Mubin Uddin , Islam Md Shahidul , Alam Md Badrul , Mohammad Quazi Deen
Published: July 2021

Background: Outcome of TBM can be modified by several predictors.

Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the predictors of outcome of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) at 6 and 9 months.

Methodology: This hospital based prospective cohort study was carried out from October, 2016 to September, 2017 (1 year) in the in-patient Department of Neurology at the National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital (NINS & H), Dhaka, Bangladesh. All the patients with age 18 years or more of both sexes with features of TBM fulfilling the case definition criteria was included as the study population. The outcome was measured at 6 and 9 months by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) with no disability (score=0-1), mild disability (score = 2), moderate disability (score=3-4), severe disability (score=5) and dead (score=6). For statistical analysis outcome was classified as death and survival group. A number of clinical, laboratory and radiological parameters were evaluated initially by univariate and finally multiple regression analysis.

Results: A total 54 TBM patients were included in this study. Over 70% of the patients were adolescent or young adult (< 30 years) with mean age of 28.2 ± 12.3 years and 63% were female. Staging of the TBM showed that nearly half (48.1%) were at stage II and 37% cases were in stage III disease. Baseline imaging (CT-scan and MRI) showed basal meningeal enhancement in 40.7% cases, hydrocephalus in 40.7%, infarction 46.3% and tuberculoma in 29.6% cases. Final diagnosis was established as definite TBM in 3(5.6%) cases, probable TBM 30(55.6%) and possible TBM in 21(38.9%) cases. In terms of 6-months outcome, 16(29.6%) cases died and 10(18.5%) had recovered without any neurological sequelae; however, mild, moderate and severe disability were in11.1%, 27.8% and 13% cases respectively. At the 9 months of evaluation 13 (24.0%) had complete recovery without any neurological sequelae, 22 (40.9%) patients survived with various degree of disabilities like visual impairment, hemi or paraplegia, cognitive impairment, rests died giving a total mortality of 19(35.1%). In univariate analysis, age >50 years (p=0.019), duration of illness before initiation of treatment (>45 d) (p = 0.041), convulsion (p = 0.010), altered sensorium (p<0.001), delayed initiation of treatment >1 month (p=0.041) and stage III TBM (p<0.001) were significantly associated with mortality. In multivariate analyses stage III TBM (p=0.004), altered sensorium (p=0.036), delayed initiation of treatment >1 month (p=0.043) emerged as independent predictors of mortality.

Conclusions: In conclusion stage III TBM, altered sensorium and delayed initiation of treatment more than 1 month are the independent predictors of mortality in TBM patients.

Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 14-19
Pattern of Stroke and Short Term Outcome of COVID-19 Patients admitted in a Dedicated Stroke Unit at Referral Neurology Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Das Subir Chandra , Chowdhury Rajib Nayan , Md Moniruzzaman - , Hussain Mohammad Enayet , Mohammad Quazi Deen , Mondal Md Badrul Alam , Chowdhury MS Jahirul Haque
Published: July 2021

Background: COVID-19 was declared as a pandemic by WHO on March 11, 2020. Though the most common and important presentation is with respiratory disease, reports of neurological features are increasing.

Objective: In this study it was described the pattern of stroke in COVID-19 patients admitted in a dedicated stroke unit and their short term outcome.

Methodology: This single arm, single centreprospective cohortstudy was conducted in the Stroke Unit of National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from April to August, 2020 and wasincluded acute stroke patients irrespective of age and sex who were found RT-PCR positive for SARS CoV-2. The patientswere evaluated clinically, biochemically and by imaging. After diagnosis patients were referred to a COVIDdedicated hospital and were followed up over phone for 4 weeks from the day of admission in stroke unit to assess short term outcome.

Results: Among the 41 patients, 21 were male and 20 female with an age range of 26 to 90 years where 58.5% patients were aged 60 and above. Majority (58.5%) of them came from different urban areas. Common co-morbidities were Hypertension (68.3%) and Diabetes mellitus (39%). Most common presenting features were hemiplegia (48.8%) and altered level of consciousness (39%). More than seventy percent (70.7%) patients had GCS of 10 or less and 56.1% patients had oxygen saturation 90% or less in room air. CT brain imaging revealed infarct in 39% and hemorrhage in 51.2%. Chest radiography revealed abnormality in 14.6% cases. Regarding the short term outcome, total 20 (48.8%) patients died where 7 died before referral to COVID-19 dedicated hospital. Death was higher in hemorrhagic stroke but there was no significant association between outcome and the type of stroke (p value>0.05).

Conclusions: Hemorrhagic stroke is the most commonly occurring stroke among the COVID-19 patients and associated with p oor outcome.

Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 25-28
Effect of Clinical and Subclinical Hypothyroidism on Fetal Outcomes among Pregnant Women: A Sub-Specialty Department Experience
Authors: Sharmin Farzana , Asma Mahfuja , Tasnim Khandaker Shehneela , Momin Afzal , Akhter Shimul , Das Tripti Rani , Begum Firoza
Published: July 2021

Background: Hypothyroidism can effect on the fetal outcomes during pregnancy.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of clical and subclinical hypothyroidism on fetal outcomes among pregnant women.

Methodology: This cohort study was conducted in the Feto-Maternal Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from a period of 6 months dated from September 2019 to February 2020. All cases of the clinical and sub-clinical hypothyroid pregnant women admitted in this department. Fetal outcomes of clinical and sub-clinical hypothyroid pregnant women during delivery were recorded. Findings of the cases recorded carefully.

Result: A total number of 75 patients were recruited for this study who were divided in to two group designated as group I or sub clinical hypothyroidism and group II or clinical hypothyroidism. Fetal distress was 22(51.1%) cases in group I and 9(33.3%) cases in group II. The fetal outcome of the study patients had observed that 8(27.6%) and 12(80.0%) of the baby had low (<2.5 kg) birth weight in group I and group II' respectively. In group I most (62.1%) of the baby APGAR score was >7 and 11(73.3%) cases had < 6 APGAR score at 1st minute. Majority of the study patients had >7 APGAR score at 5 min in both groups which was 25(86.2%) and 12(80.0%) in group I and group II respectively.

Conclusion: In conclusion there is a significant difference found in overt and sub-clinical hypothyroidism considering fetal stress, IUD and prematurity.

Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 29-32
Comparing of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) and Tru-cut biopsy for the Diagnosis of Breast Pathology
Authors: Debnath Bidyut Chandra , Ghosh Abanti , Chowdhury Abul Kalam , Jahangir Rana , Alam Ferdous , Joardar Aminul Islam , Alam Towhidul
Published: July 2021

Background: Diagnosis of breast pathology is very important for the management of the patients.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and trucut biopsy for the diagnosis of breast pathology.

Methodology: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Surgery at Bangabandhu Shiekh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from 1 April to 31 October 2020 for a period of six months. All the women who were attended at the OPD of the Department of Surgery with the different complaints of breast at any age were selected as study population. The different disease profiles were recorded in the data sheet.

Result: A total number of 200 patients were recruited for this study. The mean age with standard deviation was 33.85±7.969 years. The male and female ratio was 1:19. Breast pathology was found in equal in left and right side which was 100(50.0%) cases in each. The central zone was the most common area which was 90(45.0%) cases. Most of the breast pathology was firm which was 170(85.0%) cases. The comparison of FNAC and tru-cut biopsy was done. Fibroadenoma was found in 50(100.0%) cases in FNAC; but in tru-cut biopsy 10(20.0%) case was fibroadenoma; invasive ductal carcinoma was in 30(60.0%) cases and the rest of 10(20.0%) case was Phylloides tumor. In FNAC 1 case was diagnosed as gynaecomatia which was diagnosed as intradermal papilloma in tru-cut biopsy. The difference between the FNAC and tru-cut biopsy for the detection of different pathology of breast was statistically significant (p=0.000).

Conclusion: In conclusion there is a significant difference between FNAC and tru-cut biopsy for the detection of breast pathology.

Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 33-37
Common Risk Factors Responsible for Acute Kidney Injury among Children: Experience at Medical University in Bangladesh
Authors: Luna Sharmin Akter , Sultana Jakia , Mamun Abdullah Al , Begum Afroza , Rahman Md Habibur , Roy Ranjit Ranjan
Published: July 2021

Background: Acute kidney injury can occur among the younger children due to different reasons.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the risk factors and primary disease responsible for acute kidney injury among younger children.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Paediatric Nephrology with the collaboration of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Paediatric Neurology, Paediatric Neonatology and Microbiology and Immunology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from May 2018 to July 2019 for a period of one year. Patients with the age group of 1 month to 17 years who were at risk of AKI, and admitted in the inpatient department of Pediatrics and allied at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib University, Dhaka, Bangladesh in both sexes were selected as study population. To detect AKI, serum creatinine was measured at 0 h (baseline), 48 h and 5th day respectively.

Result: A total number of 42 patients, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. The risk factors of AKI was mainly pre renal in 60% (n=9) cases, mostly due to nephrotoxic drugs followed by hypovolemia. Renal causes were in 40% (n=6) cases. Among these 50% cases due to amikacin and 50% cases due to use of radiocontrast agent. Most patients were with renal disease which was 30(58%) cases. Among them 28(93.0%) cases were nephrotic syndrome and 2(7.0%) cases were hydronephrosis. However, 7(13%) cases were cardiac disease presented with congenital heart disease who used radiocontrast agent.

Conclusion: In conclusion most common risk factors of acute kidney injury among younger children is pre-renal causes which are due to nephrotoxic drugs.

Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 42-46
Role of Maternal Serum Placental Protein 13 at 11-13 weeks of Pregnancy as a Predictor of Pre-eclampsia
Authors: Asma Mahfuja , Sharmin Farzana , Begum Firoza , Begum Mahbuba , Alam Muhammad Mahmud
Published: July 2021

Background: Prediction of pre-eclampsia is very important during pregnancy.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the role of maternal serum placental protein 13 at 11 to 13 weeks of pregnancy as a predictor of pre-eclampsia.

Methodology: This prospective cohort study was carried out including 83 pregnant women with early gestation (11-13 weeks) attending the antenatal clinic of BSMMU hospital, Dhaka, during the period of July 2019 to December 2019 for a period of six months. Maternal serum was taken for measurement of Placental Protein 13 by ELISA technique. Then the subjects were regularly followed up to term. At each visit they were clinically evaluated by measuring blood pressure and testing urine for protein by heat coagulation method. Proteinuria was confirmed by measuring 24 hour urinary total protein.

Result: Out of 83 cases, 5 developed preeclampsia. The mean value of Placental Protein 13 in non-preeclampsia patients was 167.5±8.79 and in pre-eclamptic patients was 131.54±20.06. The cutoff point value of Placental Protein 13 for prediction of preeclampsia was 0.68 MoM. Area under curve (AUC) was 0.93. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of this test were 80.00%, 94.94%, 50.00% and 98.68% respectively. The accuracy of this test was 93.98%.

Conclusion: In conclusion maternal serum Placental Protein 13 can predict risk of development of preeclampsia.

Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 47-51
Multimorbidity Patterns Among Hospitalized Geriatric Patients in Medicine Wards of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City
Authors: Kalam Sumiya Bent , Islam Sadia , Khan Mohammad Abdullah Az Zubayer , Akhter Tanjina
Published: July 2021

Background: Elderly people are posing a significant health burden in our country for their multi morbidity as economic growth has increased our life expectancy. Pattern of multi morbidity of this older people varies according to geography, ethnicity, culture and life style.

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and pattern of multi morbidity of elderly patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital.

Method: 50 random cases of elderly patients aged more than 60 years admitted in medicine and allied wards of Dhaka medical college hospital were observed at this cross-sectional study from January 2017 to June 2017(total 6 months period). Data were reviewed and analyzed using simple frequency and percentage. Protocol was reviewed by institutional ethical board (IRB) of Dhaka medical college hospital.

Result: A total number of 50 elderly patients with age ranging from 60 to 95 years were observed with male and female ratio 1.3:1 having multi morbidity among 92.0% patients and female is more affected than male. Hypertension, ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus and stroke were found most common diseases as individual. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus was found as the most common multi morbidity pattern followed by hypertension and IHD, stroke & diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion: This study sheds light on priority needs of elderly patients in terms of medical facility in tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh.

Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 56-59
Genetics of Adult Onset Stroke Subtypes: A Review of Current Knowldege and Future Prospects
Authors: Islam Muhammad Sougatul , Islam Bitali , Amin Munia , Hasan ATM Hasibul
Published: July 2021

The genetic contribution in stroke onset depends on the stroke subtypes. Understanding the genetic mechanism may influence the future direction in stroke management. There is complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors for any stroke event. Very small proportion of stroke is attributable to mendelian disorders. Stroke may also manifest as part of a syndromic disease in the form of single gene multisystem disorder. But there is no direct contribution of genetic polymorphism in conventional stroke subtypes. Specific genetic loci increase the suspectibility to development of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipideamia or influence the coagulation pathway or chance of atheroma formation and embolism. While chr9p21 locus or PITX2 and ZFHX3 are related to cardioemetabolic, HDAC9, TSPAN2 and 9p21 locus are responsible for the large vessel occlusion. On the otherhand, genome-wide significant locus on chromosome 1q22 the APOE locus are found to have significant association with intracerebral hemorrhage. But the direct pathophysiologic relationship of genetic plymorphirsm may be linked to onset of sub arachnoid hemorrhage. MMP-3, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, VCAM-1 etc have been found to be responsible for intracranial aneurysm formation, growth and risk of rupture.

Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 75-86
Features of the daily activities of a dental care institution in the context of the spread of a new coronavirus infectio
Authors:   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Gonchar V.V. , Stetsenko Ye.G. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai
Published: July 2021

The article explains the peculiarities of the organization of activities, the specifics of the functioning and daily work of the state-run dental care organization in the context of the spread of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). The authors identify the problems and difficulties that arise in the daily practice of the dental institution, reveals a number of economic, social and medical problems. The role of compliance with infectious safety in the organization of dental care is emphasized. The authors give their own experience in making changes in the organization of medical care and consider the new organizational aspects and tactical models
Organizational and methodological aspects of the selection of a wheelchair for children with cerebral palsy
Authors:   Head Office of the Medical and Social Expertise Bureau in the Khabarovsk Krai of the Ministry of Labor of Russia, Markelova Ye.V. , Zulina N.K. ,   Head Office of the Medical and Social Expertise Bureau in the Khabarovsk Krai of the Ministry of Labor of Russia, Tomina O.I. ,   Head Office of the Medical and Social Expertise Bureau in the Khabarovsk Krai of the Ministry of Labor of Russia
Published: July 2021

The article gives definitions to the concepts of "rehabilitation", "habilitation", "individual rehabilitation program", "technical means of rehabilitation". The statistical data on primary disability of children with cerebral palsy in the city of Khabarovsk for the period 2016–2020 are presented. The characteristics of a wheelchair with additional fixation for patients with cerebral palsy are given. The requirements for the provision of disabled people with technical means of rehabilitation (wheelchairs) are noted, the principles of selection and the tasks that must be solved when using them are indicated. The method of correct determination of the parameters of the wheelchair is presented to help doctors of medical organizations in the preparation of referral documents for medical and social examination
Significance of gastroesophageal reflux disease in the formation of chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors:   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Kokorina V.E.
Published: July 2021

The research conducted by the author establishes the role of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in the genesis of chronic inflammatory diseases of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The author notes the characteristic changes in the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses during the application of gastric juice. The analysis of the dynamics of clinical manifestations of diseases of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses with various methods of GERD correction was carried out
The state of the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases and ways to optimize work on their prevention in the Amurskaya Oblast
Authors:   Skin and Venereal Diseases Dispensary of the Amurskaya Oblast, Platonov A.V. , Bazanov Ye.K. ,   Skin and Venereal Diseases Dispensary of the Amurskaya Oblast, Koslova A.V. ,   Skin and Venereal Diseases Dispensary of the Amurskaya Oblast, Platonov A.A. ,   Skin and Venereal Diseases Dispensary of the Amurskaya Oblast, Boykova L.S. ,   Skin and Venereal Diseases Dispensary of the Amurskaya Oblast
Published: July 2021

The article analyzes the state of the epidemiological situation for sexually transmitted infections, the dynamics of the incidence of syphilis, the incidence of syphilis among children and adolescents, the structure of STDs, the provision of the population with dermatovenerological beds and dermatovenerologist in the Amurskaya Oblast for the period of 2005–2020
Risk factors for late acne in women
Authors:   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Shchetkina M.V. , Sidelnikova K.A. ,   Факторы риска поздних акне у женщин
Published: July 2021

Acne is the most common skin disorder, affecting almost 90 % of young people under the age of 20. Modern research also indicates an increase in the incidence in adulthood. According to Russian and foreign literature, the incidence of acne in women aged 25–55 years ranges from 3 to 40 % Moreover, in recent years, more often in women, the onset of acne occurs at the age of over 25 years. Localization of rashes on the face, considered by women as a cosmetic defect, in almost all patients leads to the formation of various psychoemotional disorders, causes difficulties in social and professional adaptation, while in adult women these disorders are more pronounced than at puberty. The article discusses the etiopathogenesis and therapy of late acne and their consequences in women. The results of studies of the effectiveness of methods of treating late acne in women, depending on the factors of their occurrence, are presented, the use of hormone replacement therapy is substantiated. The authors have shown the high efficiency and compliance of the combination therapy of late acne in women
Experience of endovascular treatment of patients with chronic ischemia threatening the loss of a limb
Authors:   Khabarovsk Krai Clinical Hospital No.1 named after professor S. I. Sergeyev under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Rudman V.Ya. , Kalashnikov K.A. ,   Khabarovsk Krai Clinical Hospital No.1 named after professor S. I. Sergeyev under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Burov G.A. ,   Khabarovsk Krai Clinical Hospital No.1 named after professor S. I. Sergeyev under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai
Published: July 2021

The aim of the study was to assess the technical feasibility of endovascular revascularization of the arteries of the lower extremities in the development of critical ischemia of the lower extremities (chronic ischemia with threatening limb loss), including diabetic foot syndrome. Two clinical cases of endovascular revascularization of lower limb arteries with the development of chronic ischemia with threatening limb loss and diabetic foot syndrome were analyzed. Median age was 61 (60–62) years; there was 1 male (50 %). Upon hospitalization, the risk of limb loss according to the WIfI classification was assessed in one case as high, in the other as medium. The efficiency of revascularization was 100 %. In 1 case (50 %), a second intervention was required. High amputation after surgery during the next year of follow-up was 100 % not necessary. The duration of the operation was 120–150 minutes. The survival rate during the year of follow-up after surgery was 100 %. Clinical observation demonstrates that even with the correct selection of patients, stratification of risk factors for both possible loss of a limb and the risk of surgery, as well as the correctness of the chosen tactics for revascularization of the CPR, only with an increase in the number of procedures performed, routing training and the creation of specialized centers is it possible to achieve satisfactory results in treatment of this problem, which, as the global trend shows, will worsen as the incidence of diabetes increases and the population ages
Korelasi Tinggi Badan dan Rentang Tangan pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI Angkatan 2016 dan 2017
Authors: Fajri Ramadhan Abyan , Widayanti Etty , Zulhamidah Yenni
Published: July 2021

Tinggi badan merupakan suatu ciri utama yang digunakan sebagai proses identifikasi untuk berbagai kepentingan. Pengukuran tinggi badan dapat digunakan untuk pendataan dan penyelidikan. Tinggi badan mempunyai beberapa pengukuran alternatif seperti pengukuran panjang rentang tangan yang berguna untuk lansia dan individu yang mempunyai kecacatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tinggi badan dan rentang tangan pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI Angkatan 2016 dan 2017. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif korelasional dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi yang digunakan adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI tahun 2016 dan 2017. Menentukan nilai tinggi badan dengan nilai rentang tangan dengan melakukan pengukuran antropometri. Data dianalisa dengan uji analisis bivariat untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tinggi badan dengan rentang tangan. Hasil uji analisa bivariat ini menunjukan P value 0,537 (P lebih dari 0.05) yang artinya terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara tinggi badan dengan rentang tangan pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI Angkatan 2016 dan 2017.
Kadar Imunoglobulin A dalam Saliva pada Pemakai Gigi Tiruan sebagian Lepasan Basis Resin Akrilik
Authors: Satya Aprianto Dharma , Ahmad Riyadi Nugroho , LS Jaya , Maulani Chaerita
Published: July 2021

Kehilangan gigi dapat mempengaruhi fungsi pengunyahan, fonetik dan kadar imunoglobulin A mengetahui perubahan kadar sistem imun yakni imunoglobulin A (IgA) yang terjadi akibat perawatan gigi tiruan berbasis resin akrilik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kroseksional dan desain penelitiannya analitik komparatif numerik yaitu melakukan pengukuran dan observasi. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan observative analitik crossectional. Kadar imunoglobulin A diukur menggunakan IgA Human SimpleStep Elisa Kit kemudian di baca oleh Elisa Reader dan sampel adalah kelompok sebelum memakai gigi tiruan sebagian lepasan Resin Akrilik dan sesudah memakai gigi tiruan sebagian lepasan Resin Akrilik yang berjumlah 15. Hasil uji Paired T-test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara sebelum memakai gigi tiruan sebagian lepasan resin akrilik dengan sesudah memakai gigi tiruan sebagian lepasan resin akrilik (p nilai 0,000 lebih kecil a 0,05). Peningkatan kadar Imunoglobulin A (IgA) dalam saliva pada kelompok sebelum memakai gigi tiruan dan sesudah memakai gigi tiruan memberikan perbedaan yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan kadar Imunoglobulin A saliva sehingga dapat meningkatkan sistem imunitas dalam rongga mulut dan sistem perlindungan atau proteksi terhadap serangan bakteri dalam rongga mulut juga meningkat
Gambaran Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Penerapan Konsep Intervensi Minimal Kedokteran Gigi pada Mahasiswa Program Profesi di Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut YARSI
Authors: Rosa Delima Anita , Satya Aprianto Dharma , Maulani Chaerita
Published: July 2021

Pendahuluan: Intervensi minimal (IM) kedokteran gigi merupakan konsep modern dan berdasarkan bukti (evidence-based) yang bertujuan untuk memastikan bahwa gigi dapat tetap berfungsi baik selama hidup. Dalam penatalaksanaan karies, IM menekankan pada penilaian faktor risiko, perawatan invasif minimal, serta identifikasi dan remineralisasi lesi karies dini. Kurikulum pendidikan dokter gigi Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi (FKG) Universitas YARSI telah menyertakan materi penatalaksanaan karies dengan menerapkan konsep IM pada masa pendidikan tahap akademik. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan penerapan IM mahasiswa program profesi FKG Universitas YARSI. Metode:. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa program profesi pada tahun ajaran 2017-2018, yaitu sebanyak 76 mahasiswa. Metode pengambilan sampel ialah secara total sampling Data diperoleh melalui kuesioner yang diambil secara cross sectional. Kuesioner berisi pertanyaan mengenai data responden, pengetahuan, sikap, dan penerapan IM dalam penatalaksanaan karies. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar siswa pengetahuan baik sebanyak 31,6%, sikap positif 68,4% dan penerapan konsep IM yang baik sebanyak 60,5%. Simpulan: Pengetahuan, sikap, dan penerapan IM dalam keputusan klinis mahasiswa masih perlu ditingkatkan. Kurikulum pendidikan dokter gigi baik program akademik dan profesi yang komprehesif serta menerapakan prinsip-prinsip IM harus dirancang dan diterapkan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan dan keberhasilan penatalaksanaan karies
Korelasi Sudut Lumbosakral Berdasarkan MRI Lumbosakral dengan Oswestry Disability Index (ODI Score) pada Degenerative Disk Disease
Authors: Yuliawati Yuliawati , Ilyas Muhammad , Murtala Bachtiar , Alfian Zainuddin Andi , Kaelan Cahyono , Muis Mirna
Published: July 2021

Pengukuran sudut lumbosacral merupakan salah satu parameter dalam mengevaluasi kemungkinan etiologi dari nyeri punggung bawah yang disebabkan oleh degenerative disc disease. Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) Score digunakan untuk mengukur disabilitas pada nyeri punggung bawah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada korelasi antara sudut lumbosakral  berdasarkan MRI Lumbosakral dengan Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) Score pada degenerative disk disease. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional yang dilaksanakan di Departemen Radiologi RS dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar mulai bulan Mei sampai September 2020, didapatkan sampel sebanyak 67 pasien dengan keluhan nyeri punggung bawah dan telah mengisi kuisioner Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) Score serta menjalani pemeriksaan MRI lumbosacral. Pengukuran sudut lumbosacral dilakukan pada irisan mid sagital di work station MRI, derajat degenerative disc disease dinilai berdasarkan klasifikasi Pfirrmann. Metode  yang digunakan adalah uji korelasi Spearman dan Chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya korelasi antara sudut lumbal lordosis (nilai p adalah 0,014), sudut sacral inclination (nilai p adalah 0,002), sudut sacral horizontal (nilai p adalah 0,034), umur  (nilai p kurang dari 0,0001) dengan degenerative disk disease. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara sudut lumbosacral disc (nilai p adalah 0,250), jenis kelamin (nilai p adalah 0,796), index massa tubuh (nilai p adalah 0,707) dengan degenerative disk disease. Adanya korelasi antara sudut lumbal lordosis (nilai p adalah 0,046), umur (nilai p kurang dari 0,0001), index massa tubuh (p kurang dari 0,0001) dengan ODI score. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara sudut lumbosacral disc (nilai p adalah 0,072), sudut sacral inclination (nilai p adalah 0,090), sudut sacral horizontal  (nilai p adalah 0,143),  jenis  kelamin  (nilai p adalah 0,337)  dengan  ODI   score. Adanya korelasi antara derajat degenerative disk disease dengan derajat ODI score (p kurang dari 0,0001)
MODIFICATION OF THE COMPARATIVE VALUATION METHOD FOR VALUATION OF A SET OF REAL ESTATE WITH AN INSUFFICIENTLY LARGE BATTERY OF COMPARABLE PROPERTY
Authors: KRULICKÝ TOMÁŠ , VOCHOZKA MAREK
Published: July 2021

The aim of this paper is to present a suggestion for the modification possibility of a selected valuation method which can be used to value real estate in case it is not possible to find a sufficiently large battery of comparable real estate to determine the estimate of the market price. The modification of the selected valuation method consists in the double use of correction coefficients in the creation process of the so-called standardized unit of thought which serves as an intermediary in the valuation of specific real estate. Based on the results achieved by the application, it was concluded that such a modified valuation method can be used to estimate the market price of a set of real estate more quickly and efficiently.
COMMUTING TO WORK VERSUS E-COMMUTING: DATA FROM AN AUSTRIAN COMPANY IN PRE-COVID-19 ERA, DURING 1ST LOCKDOWN, AFTER EASING AND DURING 2ND LOCKDOWN
Authors: BEŇO MICHAL
Published: July 2021

As a result of restrictions introduced to slow the spread of Covid-19, the number of commuters has significantly decreased and e-commuters increased. This analysis is based on Austrians who had a job prior to the pandemic and who were still working during the survey (whether they worked from home or commuted). Using data from the survey, this article examines changes in the mode of workplace of those who switched to e-commuting. Additionally, the authors were interested in finding out to what extent the e-commuting agreement reduces commuting. The following were done: a systematic review of e-commuting literature, a cross-tabulation of data to examine relationships within data, a McNemar test for workplace examination and a Friedman test with pairwise comparisons for commuting analysis. The data show that the number of e-commuters increased in almost all the surveyed periods except between the pre-Covid time and the easing of the lockdown. The e-working proportion increased on average by 59.74%. Results suggest that the frequency of commutes by cubicles differs significantly in all periods except between the first and second lockdowns, and by e-workers between February and the first lockdown and the easing and the second lockdown. If we look at the average rankings, we see that during the second lockdown, the frequency of cubicle commutes decreased significantly and that of e-workers increased.
VISUAL VS. TEXTUAL PROGRAMMING: A CASE STUDY ON MOBILE APPLICATION PROGRAMMING BY TEENAGERS
Authors: TÓTH TOMÁŠ , LOVÁSZOVÁ GABRIELA
Published: July 2021

Choosing the right way of programming can prevent learning difficulties, contribute to increasing students’ motivation to learn, and make teaching process more effective. The article is focused on assessing which way of programming, visual or textual, is appropriate for intermediate and advanced learners in the context of creating mobile applications. Three ways of programming were examined during an extracurricular programming course for teenagers aged 12-18 with previous programming experience and positive attitude to programming. The course was aimed at programming mobile applications. MIT App Inventor 2 as a visual programming tool and Android Studio with Java as a textual programming tool were chosen. Due to the gap between two programming tools, the method of transition from visual to textual programming using Java Bridge Code Generator and Java Bridge Library as mediators was implemented. The research results are based on the analysis of data obtained from participatory observations, interviews with students, questionnaires and source codes of applications created by students. The case study shows a difference in students’ performance between visual and textual programming in favour of visual programming. However, the difference in students' attitudes toward visual and textual programming was the opposite in favour of textual programming, regardless of age and learning performance. These results suggest that App Inventor visual programming environment is advantageous at the beginning of learning programming, but may be perceived as too limited and not enough motivating for intermediate and advanced students, even though programming in Android Studio professional text-based environment is too challenging for them.
WHAT IS THE PRICE OF OUTDOOR ADVERTISING: A CASE STUDY OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC?
Authors: ZAHRÁDKA JAROSLAV , MACHOVÁ VERONIKA , KUČERA JIŘÍ
Published: July 2021

The aim of the paper is to analyze the price of outdoor advertising in various regions of the Czech Republic. The base source of data is the website plakatov.cz, from which the prices of outdoor advertisement in individual regions were obtained. The results show that the prices of outdoor advertisement in the individual regions are the same. The main difference is in how many outdoor advertisements are located in individual regions for the lowest and how many for the highest price. An overview was created, which shows what is the price of outdoor advertisement in each region, how many ads are located in each region and subsequently, the data is displayed using a map. The results show that the cheapest outdoor advertisement is located in the Hradec Králové region. The price of the outdoor advertisement in the Hradec Králové Region is CZK 5,204. On the contrary, the most expensive outdoor advertisement is in Prague. The price of outdoor advertising in Prague is CZK 16,567. Most outdoor advertisements are located in Prague. There are 174 outdoor advertisements in Prague. The lowest number of outdoor advertisements is in the Pardubice and Zlín regions. There are 18 outdoor advertisements in both regions. The difference between outdoor advertisements in the Pardubice and Zlín regions is in their price. While in the Zlín Region outdoor advertising costs CZK 6,466, in the Pardubice Region it costs CZK 12,333. The results are beneficial for people who are interested in outdoor advertising. They are mostly beneficial for outdoor advertising producers to know their standing compared to their competition and other regions.
DOES THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LOYALTY PROGRAMMES LEAD TO GAINING A LOYAL CUSTOMER?
Authors: ŽILINSKÁ MICHAELA , VRBKA JAROMÍR , KALINOVÁ EVA
Published: July 2021

An increasing number of retailers and service providers are aware of the importance of loyalty programmes as a tool to support sales. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the benefits of loyalty cards for sales support at three selected companies in the Czech market, especially Kaufland, Globus and Tesco, and to determine whether the implementation of the loyalty programme leads to gaining a loyal customer. The basic source of data is the data obtained through an interview and the CAWI method, which consists in collecting data using an online questionnaire survey. The obtained data are evaluated using a prognostic marketing and comparison method. In total, responses were obtained from 121 respondents. The results of the research show that the implementation of loyalty programmes does not lead to gaining a more loyal customer. If the customer does not have to register to join the programmer, he does not perceive himself as loyal to the brand. The Kaufland Card programme has become the most used loyalty programme. These conclusions lead to new ideas that could affect both the future development of loyalty programmes and their structure.
Numerical Study of the Effect of Different Variables on the Cooling of a Flat Plate Using a Synthetic Jet
Authors: Nabavi Miralireza , Jafari Moharram
Published: July 2021

A synthetic jet is caused by the periodic motion of a diaphragm within a cavity. There is one or more orifices or outlets in this cavity. The main advantage of this type of jet compared to a continuous jet is that the synthetic jet is composed of transverse flow, and therefore, it does not need a continuous source of fluid, unlike the continuous jet. In recent years, synthetic jets have received a great deal of attention so that they have been used in a wide range of applications such as controlling separation and turbulence, besides, the cooling of electronic equipment and propulsion. In the present study, the jet is placed perpendicular to the flat plane with constant heat flux, thereafter, the effect of some geometric parameters were evaluated numerically such as the ratio of the distance between the jet and the impinging plate to the nozzle width, the ratio of the impinging plate length to the jet nozzle width, the ratio of cavity width of the synthetic jet to the nozzle width, the ratio of the cavity height to the nozzle width, the angle of the impinging plate, besides, the diaphragm specifications including amplitude and frequency of the jet diaphragm in heat transfer using OpenFOAM open-source software. The results show that the frequency and the length of the impinging plate are the most effective parameters, respectively, in terms of the diaphragm and geometry.
Predicting of Banking Stability Using Machine Learning Technique of Random Forests
Authors: Afiantara Agus , Mahawan Bagus , Budiarto Eka
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this research is to create a predicting model of banking stability in Indonesia. Authors use a small set of explanatory indicators primarily related to the banking industry and some relevant economic variables. Among the indicators candidate to be used in this study are the indicator of banking industry, the money markets, capital markets and creditors, and the macro-economic indicator. The source of data in this research is obtained from CEIC and SEKI (Indonesian Economic and Financial Statistics) that published by Central Bank of Indonesia from 2004 and 2011. Principal Component Analysis is used to avoid the multi-collinearity problem when construct the model. Authors train the model using Random Forest Regression with data over the 2004-2007 period, and made predictions of global financial crisis that happened in 2008/9. Python 2.7.10 and scikit-learn version 0.20.0 module has been exploited for simulations and evaluation of the model. Numerical illustration is provided to demonstrate the efficiency of proposed model. As the result nine most components analysis obtained as input for the machine learning model with explained variance ratio around 97%, accuracy around 89%, and precision 91% and mean absolute error around 11%.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Soal Ujian Online dengan Memanfaatkan Google Form untuk Guru-Guru SMP Negeri 42 Palembang
Authors: Widhiarso Wijang , Farisi Ahmad , Dafid Dafid
Published: July 2021

Pandemi Covid19 menjadi tantangan tersendiri di Indonesia dalam menyelenggarakan pendidikan daring. Sistem pembelajaran daring (dalam jaringan) merupakan sistem pembelajaran tanpa tatap muka secara langsung antara guru dan siswa tetapi dilakukan secara online yang menggunakan jaringan internet. Aktivitas-aktivitas yang dilakukan dalam pembelajaran daring diantaranya adalah kegiatan belajar mengajar dengan tatap muka online, pemanfaatan learning management system, hingga pelaksanaan ujian secara online. Pelaksanaan ujian online dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan berbagai media online, seperti memanfaatkan fitur-fitur ujian yang terdapat dalam Learning Management System (LMS) moodle, edmodo, schoology, dan lain-lain. Salah satu alternatif yang dapat digunakan sebagai media pelaksanaan ujian online yang dinilai cukup mudah dan tidak berbayar adalah dengan memanfaatkan Google Form. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dalam bentuk pelatihan pembuatan soal ujian online menggunakan Google Form bagi guru-guru SMP Negeri 42 Palembang. Berdasarkan kuesioner yang disebarkan setelah pelatihan dilaksanakan, materi yang disampaikan dalam pelatihan sangat sesuai dengan kebutuhan para peserta pelatihan dan berdampak pada keinginan para peserta untuk menerapkan pelatihan tersebut dalam bentuk pembuatan soal ujian online menggunakan Google Form pada pelaksanaan Ujian Tengah Semester (UTS).
Cobertura vegetal y la distribución de islas de calor/oasis urbanos en Hermosillo, Sonora
Authors: López González Francisco Martín , Navarro Navarro Luis Alan , Díaz Caravantes Rolando Enrique , Navarro-Estupiñán Javier
Published: July 2021

The case of an arid Northwest city of Mexico is studied with the general objective of assessing the influence of the percentage of vegetation cover (VC) in Land Surface Temperature (LST) and mapping its spatial distribution, through a geographic information system using remote sensing data. Results showed: 1) on average, 12% (min. 0 to max. 59%) of a city block is covered with vegetation, 38% of the blocks had % VC ≤ 10; 2) the LST regression model estimated temperatures range from 37 to 45°C, the main explanatory variable was % VC, increasing % VC in 10 is associated with cooling effect of 1.1 °C. The spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of LST can be interpreted as the human effect modifying the climate on a small scale; this creates internal diurnal oasis.
El sistema de refugio mexicano: entre proteger y contener
Authors: Torre Cantalapiedra Eduardo , París Pombo María Dolores , Gutiérrez López Eduardo Elías
Published: July 2021

In a context of restriction of both irregular migration flows and those in need of protection in the global North, the objective of this article is to analyze the implementation of Mexican refuge policies after the legal changes of 2011. Based on the documentary review and the statistics from the administrative records of COMAR, the obstacles encountered by those who require international protection to be granted refugee status, or, in this case, complementary protection (protección complementaria), are analyzed. While Mexican legislation is generous in terms of the possibility of granting these legal protections, the analysis of their implementation allows us to account for practices of blocking, deterrence and immobilization that - in the logic of containment - make it difficult, as well as with often prevent, achieve international protection.
Updating the Genetic Landscape of Inherited Retinal Dystrophies
Authors: García Bohórquez Belén , Aller Elena , Rodríguez Muñoz Ana , Jaijo Teresa , García García Gema , Millán José M.
Published: July 2021

Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRD) are a group of diseases characterized by the loss or dysfunction of photoreceptors and a high genetic and clinical heterogeneity. Currently, over 270 genes have been associated with IRD which makes genetic diagnosis very difficult. The recent advent of next generation sequencing has greatly facilitated the diagnostic process, enabling to provide the patients with accurate genetic counseling in some cases. We studied 92 patients who were clinically diagnosed with IRD with two different custom panels. In total, we resolved 53 patients (57.6%); in 12 patients (13%), we found only one mutation in a gene with a known autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance; and 27 patients (29.3%) remained unsolved. We identified 120 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants; 30 of them were novel. Among the cone-rod dystrophy patients, ABCA4 was the most common mutated gene, meanwhile, USH2A was the most prevalent among the retinitis pigmentosa patients. Interestingly, 10 families carried pathogenic variants in more than one IRD gene, and we identified two deep-intronic variants previously described as pathogenic in ABCA4 and CEP290. In conclusion, the IRD study through custom panel sequencing demonstrates its efficacy for genetic diagnosis, as well as the importance of including deep-intronic regions in their design. This genetic diagnosis will allow patients to make accurate reproductive decisions, enroll in gene-based clinical trials, and benefit from future gene-based treatments.
New Mammalian Glycerol-3-Phosphate Phosphatase: Role in β-Cell, Liver and Adipocyte Metabolism
Authors: Possik Elite , Al-Mass Anfal , Peyot Marie-Line , Ahmad Rasheed , Al-Mulla Fahd , Madiraju S. R. Murthy , Prentki Marc
Published: July 2021

Cardiometabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, have enormous impact on modern societies worldwide. Excess nutritional burden and nutri-stress together with sedentary lifestyles lead to these diseases. Deranged glucose, fat, and energy metabolism is at the center of nutri-stress, and glycolysis-derived glycerol-3-phosphate (Gro3P) is at the crossroads of these metabolic pathways. Cellular levels of Gro3P can be controlled by its synthesis, utilization or hydrolysis. The belief that mammalian cells do not possess an enzyme that hydrolyzes Gro3P, as in lower organisms and plants, is challenged by our recent work showing the presence of a Gro3P phosphatase (G3PP) in mammalian cells. A previously described phosphoglycolate phosphatase (PGP) in mammalian cells, with no established physiological function, has been shown to actually function as G3PP, under physiological conditions, particularly at elevated glucose levels. In the present review, we summarize evidence that supports the view that G3PP plays an important role in the regulation of gluconeogenesis and fat storage in hepatocytes, glucose stimulated insulin secretion and nutri-stress in β-cells, and lipogenesis in adipocytes. We provide a balanced perspective on the pathophysiological significance of G3PP in mammals with specific reference to cardiometabolic diseases.