bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global Impact of ENSO on Dust Activities with Emphasis on the Key Region from the Arabian Peninsula to Central Asia
Authors: Huang Yuhong , Liu Xiaodong , Yin Zhi‐Yong , An Zhisheng
Published: May 2021

The El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has been found to be closely related to dust aerosol activities in many parts of the world. However, previous studies have rarely explored the ENSO’s impacts in the global context. In this study, the responses of the interannual variability of global atmospheric dust content to the ENSO cycle (including the eastern Pacific and central Pacific types) are examined using the MERRA‐2 atmospheric aerosol reanalysis data. The ENSO‐related tropical eastern Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the antecedent winter (November to January) have the most significant effect on the airborne dust content in a region from the Arabian Peninsula to Central Asia during the following spring and summer (April to July), which is identified as the key region (KR) of the ENSO’s impacts. The positive (negative) tropical eastern Pacific SST anomalies in the preceding winter during the El Niño (La Niña) years correspond to significantly reduced (increased) dust column content in the following spring and summer over the KR, which was confirmed using singular value decomposition. With the above (below)‐normal winter SST anomalies in the tropical eastern Pacific, the Walker Circulation weakens (strengthens), and the divergence (convergence) over the western tropical Pacific and the convergence (divergence) over the southern tropical Indian Ocean in the lower troposphere are strengthened, which facilitate (restrain) the southward diffusion of airborne dust in the KR. Meanwhile, the increased (decreased) precipitation and soil moisture and the corresponding vegetation conditions help limit (promote) the dust emission in the KR during the El Niño (La Niña) years.
A digital intervention targeting cognitive control network dysfunction in middle age and older adults with major depression
Authors: Gunning Faith M. , Anguera Joaquin A. , Victoria Lindsay W. , Areán Patricia A.
Published: May 2021

Nonpharmacological interventions targeting putative network mechanisms of major depressive disorder (MDD) may represent novel treatments. This mechanistic study investigates how a video game-like intervention, designed to improve cognitive control network (CCN) functioning by targeting multitasking, influences the CCN of middle-aged and older adults with MDD. The sample consisted of 34 adults aged 45–75 with SCID-defined diagnosis of MDD, Hamilton depression rating scale scores ≥20, and a deficit in cognitive control. Participants were instructed to play at home for 20–25 min per day, at least 5 times per week, for 4 weeks. Evidence of target engagement was defined a priori as >2/3 of participants showing CCN improvement. CCN engagement was defined as a change in a Z score of ≥0.5 on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in activation and functional connectivity of the CCN during task-based and resting-state fMRI, respectively. 74% of participants showed a change in activation of the CCN, and 72% showed an increase in resting-state functional connectivity. Sixty-eight percent demonstrated improved cognitive control function, measured as either improvement on sustained attention or working memory performance or reduced self-reported symptoms of apathy on the frontal systems behavioral scale (FrsBe). Participants also reported a significant reduction in mood symptoms measured by PHQ-9. A remotely deployed neuroscience-informed video game-like intervention improves both CCN functions and mood in middle-aged and older adults with MDD. This easily-disseminated intervention may rescue CCN dysfunction present in a substantial subset of middle-aged and older adults with MDD.
A resource to explore the discovery of rare diseases and their causative genes
Authors: Ehrhart Friederike , Willighagen Egon L. , Kutmon Martina , van Hoften Max , Curfs Leopold M. G. , Evelo Chris T.
Published: May 2021

Here, we describe a dataset with information about monogenic, rare diseases with a known genetic background, supplemented with manually extracted provenance for the disease itself and the discovery of the underlying genetic cause. We assembled a collection of 4166 rare monogenic diseases and linked them to 3163 causative genes, annotated with OMIM and Ensembl identifiers and HGNC symbols. The PubMed identifiers of the scientific publications, which for the first time described the rare diseases, and the publications, which found the genes causing the diseases were added using information from OMIM, PubMed, Wikipedia, whonamedit.com, and Google Scholar. The data are available under CC0 license as spreadsheet and as RDF in a semantic model modified from DisGeNET, and was added to Wikidata. This dataset relies on publicly available data and publications with a PubMed identifier, but by our effort to make the data interoperable and linked, we can now analyse this data. Our analysis revealed the timeline of rare disease and causative gene discovery and links them to developments in methods.
A database of global storm surge reconstructions
Authors: Tadesse Michael Getachew , Wahl Thomas
Published: May 2021

Storm surges are among the deadliest coastal hazards and understanding how they have been affected by climate change and variability in the past is crucial to prepare for the future. However, tide gauge records are often too short to assess trends and perform robust statistical analyses. Here we use a data-driven modeling framework to simulate daily maximum surge values at 882 tide gauge locations across the globe. We use five different atmospheric reanalysis products for the storm surge reconstruction, the longest one going as far back as 1836. The data that we generate can be used, for example, for long-term trend analyses of the storm surge climate and identification of regions where changes in the intensity and/or frequency of storms surges have occurred in the past. It also provides a better basis for robust extreme value analysis, especially for tide gauges where observational records are short. The data are made available for public use through an interactive web-map as well as a public data repository.
Author Correction: Comparative genomics of a novel clade shed light on the evolution of the genus Erysipelothrix and characterise an emerging species
Authors: Grazziotin Ana Laura , Vidal Newton M. , Hoepers Patricia Giovana , Reis Thais F. M. , Mesa Dany , Caron Luiz Felipe , Ingberman Max , Beirão Breno C. B. , Zuffo João Paulo , Fonseca Belchiolina Beatriz
Published: May 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
A data-driven approach to violin making
Authors: Gonzalez Sebastian , Salvi Davide , Baeza Daniel , Antonacci Fabio , Sarti Augusto
Published: May 2021

Of all the characteristics of a violin, those that concern its shape are probably the most important ones, as the violin maker has complete control over them. Contemporary violin making, however, is still based more on tradition than understanding, and a definitive scientific study of the specific relations that exist between shape and vibrational properties is yet to come and sorely missed. In this article, using standard statistical learning tools, we show that the modal frequencies of violin tops can, in fact, be predicted from geometric parameters, and that artificial intelligence can be successfully applied to traditional violin making. We also study how modal frequencies vary with the thicknesses of the plate (a process often referred to as plate tuning) and discuss the complexity of this dependency. Finally, we propose a predictive tool for plate tuning, which takes into account material and geometric parameters.
Distribution of waist-to-height ratio and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents: a population-based study
Authors: Lee Hye Jin , Shim Young Suk , Yoon Jong Seo , Jeong Hwal Rim , Kang Min Jae , Hwang Il Tae
Published: May 2021

This study was performed to evaluate the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) distribution and assess its relationship with cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents. A total of 8091 subjects aged 10–18 years were included from a nationally representative survey. Participants were classified into three groups: (1) < 85th, (2) ≥ 85th and < 95th, and (3) ≥ 95th percentile of WHtR. The WHtR distribution varied with sex and age. Whereas WHtR decreased from age 10–15 years in boys and from age 10–12 years in girls, it slightly increased thereafter. Compared to the < 85th percentile group, the WHtR ≥ 85th and < 95th percentile group had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.2 for elevated blood pressure (BP), 1.89 for elevated triglycerides (TGs), 1.47 for reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and 4.82 for metabolic syndrome (MetS). The ≥ 95th percentile group had an OR of 1.4 for elevated BP, 2.54 for elevated glucose, 2.22 for elevated TGs, 1.74 for reduced HDL-C, and 9.45 for MetS compared to the < 85th percentile group. Our results suggest that sex- and age-specific WHtR percentiles can be used as a simple clinical measurement to estimate cardiometabolic risk.
Author Correction: Simultaneous molecular MRI of extracellular matrix collagen and inflammatory activity to predict abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture
Authors: Adams Lisa C. , Brangsch Julia , Reimann Carolin , Kaufmann Jan O. , Buchholz Rebecca , Karst Uwe , Botnar Rene M. , Hamm Bernd , Makowski Marcus R.
Published: May 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Lack of HPV in pterygium with no evidence of autoinoculation and the role of cytokines in pterygium with dry eye
Authors: Uthaithammarat Lita , Kasetsuwan Ngamjit , Chongpison Yuda , Kasetsuwan Pimpetch , Reinprayoon Usanee , Nilyanimit Pornjarim , Poovorawan Yong
Published: May 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Hyaluronidase-responsive phototheranostic nanoagents for fluorescence imaging and photothermal/photodynamic therapy of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections
Authors: Yuwen Lihui , Qiu Qiu , Xiu Weijun , Yang Kaili , Li Yuqing , Xiao Hang , Yang Wenjing , Yang Dongliang , Wang Lianhui
Published: May 2021

Hyaluronidase-responsive phototheranostic nanoagents (MoS2@HA–Ce6 nanosheets) were prepared to realize fluorescence imaging and effective dual-mode photothermal/photodynamic therapy of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections.
Hydrothermal synthesis, crystal structures, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of lead tellurium(iv) and tellurium(vi) oxycompounds: Ba3PbTe6O16and Na2Pb9(μ6-O)2(Te2O10)2
Authors: Li Han-Ying , Lii Kwang-Hwa
Published: May 2021

A layer of tellurite formed of TeO4units in seesaw geometry and a tellurate containing Te2O10octahedral dimers were synthesized by hydrothermal reactions at 560 °C and 210 °C, respectively.
Palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation of 3-aminooxindoles to access chiral homoallylic aminooxindoles
Authors: Zhang Chao , Wu You-Cai , Cui Bao-Dong , Li Lian , Han Wen-Yong , Wan Nan-Wei , Chen Yong-Zheng
Published: May 2021

An organometal catalytic conversion of 3-aminooxindoles for the diastereo- and enantioselective synthesis of homoallylic aminooxindoles has been described.
Light-driven selective aerobic oxidation of (iso)quinoliniums and related heterocycles
Authors: Zhou Meimei , Yu Keyang , Liu Jianxin , Shi Weimei , Pan Yingming , Tang Haitao , Peng Xiangjun , Liu Qian , Wang Hengshan
Published: May 2021

The selective C1–H/C4–H carbonylation of N-methyleneiminium salts catalyzed by visible-light photoredox reactions and oxygen in the air has been reported.
Kinetic modelling of reactions for the synthesis of 2-methyl-5-ethyl pyridine
Authors: Moioli Emanuele , Schmid Leo , Wasserscheid Peter , Freund Hannsjörg
Published: May 2021

The kinetics of the reactions for the synthesis of 2-methyl-5-ethyl pyridine (MEP) were investigated systematically by means of operando Raman spectroscopy.
Carrier engineering of Zr-doped Ta3N5 film as an efficient photoanode for solar water splitting
Authors: Zou Xin , Han Xueyang , Wang Chengxiong , Zhao Yunkun , Du Chun , Shan Bin
Published: May 2021

Ta3N5 is regarded as a promising candidate material with adequate visible light absorption and band structure for photoelectrochemical water splitting.
Machine learning of lubrication correction based on GPR for the coupled DPD–DEM simulation of colloidal suspensions
Authors: Wang Yi , Ouyang Jie , Wang Xiaodong
Published: May 2021

Hydrodynamic interactions have a major impact on the suspension properties, but they are absent in atomic and molecular fluids due to a lack of intervening medium at close range.
Tuning the photoluminescence of lanthanide metal–organic framework nanospheres through ligand-induced phase transition towards sensing
Authors: Zhang Peng , Song Nan , Liu Songbin , Li Qiqing , Wang Yu , Zhou Bo
Published: May 2021

A new type of ligand-induced lanthanide metal–organic framework nanosphere is reported, which yields tunable emission colors by adding or removing water ligands, showing great promise in MOF sensors and anti-counterfeiting.
Spectroscopy of model-membrane liposome-protein systems: complementarity of linear dichroism, circular dichroism, fluorescence and SERS
Authors: Tukova Anastasiia , Rodger Alison
Published: May 2021

A range of membrane models have been developed to study components of cellular systems. Lipid vesicles or liposomes are one such artificial membrane model which mimics many properties of the biological system: they are lipid bilayers composed of one or more lipids to which other molecules can associate. Liposomes are thus ideal to study the roles of cellular lipids and their interactions with other membrane components to understand a wide range of cellular processes including membrane disruption, membrane transport and catalytic activity. Although liposomes are much simpler than cellular membranes, they are still challenging to study and a variety of complementary techniques are needed. In this review article, we consider several currently used analytical methods for spectroscopic measurements of unilamellar liposomes and their interaction with proteins and peptides. Among the variety of spectroscopic techniques seeing increasing application, we have chosen to discuss: fluorescence based techniques such as FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) and FRAP (fluorescence recovery after photobleaching), that are used to identify localisation and dynamics of molecules in the membrane; circular dichroism (CD) and linear dichroism (LD) for conformational and orientation changes of proteins on membrane binding; and SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy) as a rapidly developing ultrasensitive technique for site-selective molecular characterisation. The review contains brief theoretical basics of the listed techniques and recent examples of their successful applications for membrane studies.
Multi‐attribute quantitative bearing fault diagnosis based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Zhang Shixin , Lv Qin , Zhang Shenlin , Shan Jianhua
Published: May 2021

Existing bearing fault diagnosis methods have some disadvantages, one being that most methods cannot completely consider all specific fault attributes. Another disadvantage is that the qualitative diagnosis method considers different fault types as a whole, and qualitative diagnosis of a single fault attribute is complicated. A convolutional neural network is proposed for application in the multi‐attribute quantitative bearing fault diagnosis. Multiple combinations of convolutional layers are adopted to directly extract features from one‐dimensional vibration signals. In addition, a softmax layer is designed to realise the simultaneous recognition of different fault attributes. The advantage of this approach is that it can realise diagnostic results for any combination of fault attributes and corresponding types, which overcomes the disadvantage of single attribute recognition in the traditional method. The method is simple but has strong generalisation ability with average diagnostic accuracy of more than 95%. According to bearing data from Case Western Reserve University and laboratory experiments by the authors, the results verify that the method can accurately and quantitatively diagnose bearing faults.
Analysis of influence of a novel inductive fault current limiter on the circuit breaker in 500 kV power system
Authors: Tang Qiang , Jia Shenli , Zhang Yanzhe , Xiu Shixin , Mo Wenxiong , Wang Yong , Su Haibo
Published: May 2021

A contribution to the engineering application of a proposed 500 kV fault current limiter (FCL) is presented. A new type of FCL composed of a highly coupled split reactor (HCSR) and fast switches is proposed. When the circuit breaker (CB) in series with the FCL in the 500 kV power system interrupts the limited fault current, the rate of rise of the recovery voltage (RRRV) reaches a value much higher than the rated value. Based on a simplified equivalent single‐phase circuit, the influence of the new FCL on the interruption procedure of the CB is simulated and discussed. The simulation results show that the high RRRV is caused by high‐frequency resonant oscillations between the HCSR and its parasite capacitance. Analysis indicates that when the reactance of the FCL is close to the short circuit reactance of the system, the RRRV will reach the highest value. To solve this issue, we proposed installing a shunt capacitor with the FCL. Simulation results showed that the RRRV under all fault modes could be restrained to below the rated value by introducing a certain shunt capacitor.
A novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification-lateral-flow-dipstick (LAMP-LFD) device for rapid detection of Toxoplasma gondii in the blood of stray cats and dogs
Authors: Xue Yangji , Kong Qingming , Ding Haojie , Xie Chengzuo , Zheng Bin , Zhuo Xunhui , Ding Jianzu , Tong Qunbo , Lou Di , Lu Shaohong , Lv Hangjun
Published: May 2021

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that causes toxoplasmosis and threatens warm-blooded animal and human health worldwide. Simple and applicable diagnostic methods are urgently needed to guide development of effective approaches for prevention of toxoplasmosis. Most molecular diagnostic tools for T. gondii infection require high technical skills, sophisticated equipment, and a controlled lab environment. In this study, we developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification-lateral-flow-dipstick (LAMP-LFD) assay that specifically targets the 529 bp for detecting T. gondii infection. This novel portable device is universal, fast, user-friendly, and guarantees experimental sensitivity as well as low risk of aerosol contamination. Our LAMP-LFD assay has a detection limit of 1 fg of T. gondii DNA, and shows no cross-reaction with other parasitic pathogens, including Cryptosporidium parvum, Leishmania donovani, and Plasmodium vivax. We validated the developed assay by detecting T. gondii in DNA extracted from blood samples collected from 318 stray cats and dogs sampled from Deqing, Wenzhou, Yiwu, Lishui and Zhoushan cities across Zhejiang province, Eastern China. The LAMP-LFD device detected T. gondii DNA in 4.76 and 4.69% of stray cats and dogs, respectively. In conclusion, the developed LAMP-LFD assay is efficient, minimizes aerosol contamination, and is therefore suitable for detecting T. gondii across basic medical institutions and field settings.
Diamond-based quantum technologies
Authors: Van Der Sar Toeno , Taminiau Tim Hugo , Hanson Ronald
Published: May 2021

Optically accessible spins associated with defects in diamond provide a versatile platform for quantum science and technology. These spins combine multiple key characteristics, including long quantum coherence times, operation up to room temperature, and the capability to create long-range entanglement links through photons. These unique properties have propelled spins in diamond to the forefront of quantum sensing, quantum computation and simulation, and quantum networks.
Quantum sensing with nitrogen-vacancy colour centers in diamond
Authors: Debuisschert Thierry
Published: May 2021

Quantum sensing exploits the possibility of manipulating single quantum objects and of measuring external physical quantities with unprecedented accuracy. It offers new functionalities that cannot be obtained with classical means. Quantum sensors can be based on atomic vapours, cold atoms, dopants in solid-state materials, etc. In the latter category, the nitrogen vacancy centre in diamond has received particular attention in recent years due to its very attractive characteristics.
Microscope objectives
Authors: Moser Jordan
Published: May 2021

Microscope objectives are key components of optical microscopes, but they also equip experimental set-ups to focus laser beams or to collect photons emitted from any physical events to analyze or to diagnose. There are properties to take into account about their specifications and their usage for selecting the right microscope objective. They are used in a wide range of applications, from life sciences to material sciences, in laboratories and in industries and each application requires a specific microscope objective.
Development features of the Russian higher education system in present-day conditions
Authors: Yakovlev Maksim V. , Gareev Еduard S. , Burangulov Emil R. , Valitova Nika E. , Ivanova Maria E.
Published: May 2021

Based on research material, the authors of the present article determine and critically comprehend the problems and specifics of the Russian higher education development in the current context. It is concluded that the global trends of digitalization, internationalization, commercialization, as well as the internal circumstances of the Russian reality (administrative pressure, economic decline, etc.), have significantly changed the Russian higher education system and caused difficulties in its development (narrow departmental nature of educational policy, shifting the focus on the qualitative content of fundamental education to the wayside, etc.). In order to solve the noted problems, it is proposed to use the theoretical and practical developments of the issues concerning the education content and form of the most prominent Russian researchers (N.A. Berdyaev, S.N. Bulgakov, M.O. Gershenzon, S.L. Frank, etc.), and to implement methods of a constructive combination of the classical university strategy and commercialization, focused on the interests of society and science.
Life-purpose aspects of value formation in the context of personality becoming
Authors: Ozerov Alexander A.
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the value dimension problem when searching for the meaning of life in the past and present. Considering the pedagogical aspect of the problem, the authors have carried out an analysis of existing life-purpose convictions, as well as the possibility of solving existential problems and crisis developments of the Russian social medium. The authors suggest ways to improve the state of Russian society, taking into account the peculiarities of personal development and value formation. Throughout human history, life has served as the highest universal value. Human gives life its own specific meaning, whereas the general meaning of life is to gain experience through the natural laws of the very life, or from absolute values being beyond life. At first glance, this approach seems correct; however, a detailed study reveals several shortcomings in this approach. In the pursuit of pleasure and profit, a person is transformed from a free implementer of his desires into a slave of his desires. Focusing on pleasure often ends up destroying the psyche and the body. It is worth noting that the consideration of a human as a means to achieve higher goals devalues human life. For the sake of absolute ideas, which are usually illusions, a human becomes subjected to religious or political fanaticism.
On the role of interdisciplinary, transdiscliprinary, and philosophical knowledge in modern higher education
Authors: Denikina Zoya D. , Denikin Anatoly V.
Published: May 2021

The article traces the substantial and functional evolution of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary knowledge and its integration into the theory and practice of higher education. The method of distinguishing between classical, non-classical, and post-non-classical rationality is used to disclose the specifics of university transdisciplinarity. The proposed hypothesis suggests that in non-classical and post-non-classical education, different types of studied objectivity exist while when the subject boundaries are fixed, various forms of subject uncertainty are observed. Difficulties in the practice of non-classical education are associated with the objective of overcoming double uncertainty. In one case, the onedimensionality of the study depends on the choice of ontological conditions that are only sufficient for a given monodiscipline. In another case, the task of combining the intervals of studying a subject in the framework of multidisciplinary knowledge is being solved. Transdisciplinarity manifests primarily through educational modeling technologies. What can be attributed to the specifics of post-non-classical education is the study of two types of objectivity: the system-level reality in cases of severe disequilibrium and the system-operational reality in cases of mild disequilibrium. Thus, the subject area demonstrates substantial and systemic uncertainty. It is concluded that the study of systemic objects as a part of the educational process requires interdisciplinary efforts and is carried out in line with the following scheme: problem – project – concept – practical solution.
A new concept of three-dimensional study of fiction at the university
Authors: Kuchukova Zukhra A. , Berberova Liana B. , Berberov Burkhan A.
Published: May 2021

The relevance of the study is due to the need to modernize the methodology of teaching literature in Russian regional universities, taking into account the current processes of globalization. The proposed method is conventionally called “Three flanks”, and provides for the study of national literature in close correlation with classical Russian and foreign literature. From the pedagogical standpoint, the system-synergetic approach is especially important for a multiethnic region, such as the North Caucasus. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the expediency and effectiveness of the comparative method of studying fiction and to propose a three-dimensional model, which is currently being tested at the framework of a special course at the Faculty of Philology of Kabardino-Balkarian State University. The authors used comparative-historical, system-structural, and axiological methods of scientific analysis. In order to harmonize the multicultural material, logical principles of analysis were used, namely, classification, typology, generalization, as well as the method of continuous sampling to identify representative texts. The article presents a pedagogical experiment that is currently being conducted in one of the North Caucasus universities. The essence of the experiment is a comparative study of national literature at the level of comparisons with world literature.
European experience and foreign professorship at the stage of establishing Moscow University
Authors: Romanov Alexey A. , Yakhshiyan Oleg Y. , Omelchenko Nikolay A.
Published: May 2021

The article reviews the history of establishing Moscow University and the first decade of its performance in the context of considering the European experience and the role of visiting foreign professors. Attention is drawn to the use of the experience of European universities in the projected management system of Moscow University and ensuring its autonomy by M.V. Lomonosov. The authors show the role of the I.I. Shuvalov, the favorite of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, in implementation of the project of Moscow University, and analyze the developed hierarchy of the university’s governing bodies, the structure of administrative positions, and the system of privileges granted by the government. The dominant role of visiting professors in establishing and functioning of the university’s faculties is revealed in detail, as well as the conditions created for their work in Moscow, and the personal role of each of the invited professors in the educational process during the first years of Moscow University. The authors reveal the conflicts between Russian and foreign professors and show their inevitability at the stage of establishing Moscow University, drawing attention to the transition of the educational process to the Russian language as the teaching language during the first years of the reign of Catherine the Great, Empress of Russia.
The significance of philosophy in upbringing
Authors: Volgin Oleg S. , Karsanova Elena S.
Published: May 2021

The article considers the issues of the upbringing significance of philosophy as a university discipline in forming a student’s personality. This issue is caused by the specifics of philosophical knowledge, which, on the one hand, is not related to the specific professional needs of students, defined in the State Educational Standard as three goals: “to know – to be able – to master the skills”, and, on the other hand, causes a positive response and interest in the majority of students. Young people find in philosophy something no less important than professional and practical knowledge. The authors draw attention to the latent upbringing role of philosophical knowledge. To this end, the authors separate the concepts of education and upbringing and show that while education, in general, is limited by the social demand, upbringing by its nature is not limited by the social framework and its purpose is to create conditions for forming a person. The authors prove that philosophy plays a deep upbringing role, as holistic knowledge that combines ontology, epistemology, ethics, aesthetics, and axiology. The article reveals the association between the idea of being with the need of a person to distinguish reality from pseudo-reality, actual spiritual and personal development from deceptive success, to determine for themselves the real rather than illusory goals of life.
Educational enlightenment of L.N. Tolstoy’s pedagogy
Authors: Danilova Irina S. , Orekhova Elena Y. , Shaidenko Nadezhda A.
Published: May 2021

The reality of the modern educational environment and the development of the humanitarian, pedagogical knowledge about the environment are attributed to the experience of great minds of the past. Among them, L.N. Tolstoy’s personality and versatile heritage have amazed and inspired numerous pedagogical generations to come through the writer’s unparalleled educational ideas on the creation of popular (mass) schools. Just as Tolstoy’s educational ideas and experience are enriched by the legacy of French enlighteners, the authors axiologically actualize and rethink through the prism of modern education the pedagogical heritage and arguments that ensure the broad perception of educational problems and the understanding of the continuing mission and driving force of education for the transformation of modern society. In the context of the priority of the humanistic educational paradigm, the authors are convinced that the interaction presented in the article through the imaginary dialogue of generations of Russian and foreign teachers of the present and the past contributes to the growth of professional knowledge in the field of the history of pedagogy and education and comparative pedagogical studies. It unites people involved in today’s education, representatives of different socioand linguistic cultures, in striving towards enlightenment in the best traditions of Tolstoy’s education.
Challenges of teaching humanities in innovative educational environment
Authors: Ioseliani Aza D. , Heletz Esther , Rostovtseva Polina P.
Published: May 2021

This article analyzes the issues of implementation of innovations and respective methodology of teaching humanities in universities. The aim of this article is to reveal challenges related with implementation and use of advanced innovative methods of teaching humanities in universities. This work substantiates the concept that modern processes occurring in education are direct consequence of complicated and deep transformations in culture, economy, policy of the World. Adaptation of life to wide-scale transformations is impossible without holistic comprehension of motives, trends and prospects of further social development, including education. The novelty of the work is in development of certain theoretic models of education development, which is rapidly moving away from the differentiation and fragmentation of scientific disciplines, modules and is concentrated on their integration. Another novelty in the existing paradigm of education can be presented by targeting of potential not just on distance methods but on creation of innovative education systems based, for instance, on technologies of virtual reality (VR). This work proves that in VR the educational components or prototypes can be presented by such units as virtual laboratory (workshop), lecture spaces, displaying of considered entities, network educational establishments.
On the issue of analyzing the university strategy in the framework of digital distance learning
Authors: Apanasyuk Larisa A. , Artemyeva Julia V.
Published: May 2021

The qualitative and quantitative changes taking place at the present stage of the Russian educational services market development have led to a shift in the emphasis on the competition between higher education institutions and their educational services. Universities are improving the educational services quality by promoting novel or more competitive products in an increasingly tough competition for applicants. The authors suggest that to improve the promotion effect of the university educational services, it is necessary to carry out monitoring of the existing program efficiency, whose first stage is to analyze the existing strategy within the framework of digital distance learning, as the most popular learning method in contemporary conditions, which is gaining increasing popularity. A sociological survey (questionnaire) was chosen as a research method. The respondents were 250 students and teachers of the Russian State Social University (RSSU). The study has revealed that the vast majority, namely, about 87% of respondents, refused to fully switch to digital distance learning. However, 80% of undergraduate students and 75% of graduate master’s students of the extramural education department (75%) supported the use of digital distance learning in the educational process. At the same time, the low quality of training programs used in digital distance learning and the lack of individual adaptation of educational materials to the requirements and capabilities of the student require introducing interactivity into the materials and creating competent content of training programs, which is one of the indicators that affect the choice of an educational institution by potential consumers of educational services.
The comparative analysis of challenges to the national education systems in Bulgaria and Ukraine (on the example of the tourism and IT sectors)
Authors: Lyubenov Gesho , Zyma Oleksandr , Brusiltseva Hanna , Dekhtyar Nadiya , Pohuda Nataliia
Published: May 2021

The article offers an overview of the global trends in education that have emerged during the 2020 economic recession; provides a retrospective analysis of the change in economic formations during the 1990s, which still influences the business environment and national education systems in post-socialist countries; analyses the structure of tourism flows in Bulgaria and Ukraine in the recent pre-crisis period; distinguishes the changes between local tourism markets in both countries and consequent demands to HEIs, training the workforce for domestic and international companies; outlines the IT services market in Bulgaria and Ukraine from the side of employment generating; points out the discrepancy between the requests to developers of IT solutions at the local level and the orders of transboundary corporations, which are the largest employers today for the economies in transition; presents the grouping of national economies by innovation performance according to the Global Innovation Index report; classifies non-material industries on the basis of potential for increasing added value and duplicating the product; indicates the restrictions of recreational capacity for the tourism infrastructure; highlights the disparity in clustering the world countries by absolute and relative Travel & Tourism impact to GDP; substantiates the need for interdisciplinary approach in composing the curricula for specialities of the related industries; emphasises the existence of thresholds in the process of increasing the professional competence level. The relevance is grounded by the ultimate changes within the current structure of the global economy, as the sphere of higher education is quite significant in the international trade in services; the general paradigm of the theory of international economic relations is being modified now towards the refusal from the resources’ inexhaustibility postulate; thus the research novelty consists in the implementation of supporting programmes and strategies in the field of higher education under the consideration of these trends.
The principle of “incomplete comprehension of object” in the context of the discourse of uncertainties in a digital society
Authors: Polishchuk Olena , Kovtun Nataliia , Vitiuk Iryna , Sapeńko Roman , Trocha Bogdan
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the analysis of situations of uncertainty in various spheres of modern society life that have arisen as a result of the rapid development of digital technologies; virtualization of many components of modern human life; the increasing role of visual information in communication; drastic changes in the labor market, in intellectual practices and the formation of new requirements for the education and vocational training system. We have proposed to analyze such situations using the principle of “incomplete comprehension of object”, and we carried out a consideration of its content and indicated its methodological role. To our mind, one of the most important features of this principle is the focus on a set of ambiguous, non-obvious links between the internal elements of an object, as well as during its interactions with agents of external influence in a situation of uncertainty. Besides, we examined its heuristic and predictive capabilities using examples of analysis of specific typical situations in various spheres of social life, primarily related to the labor market and education in a digital culture.
Ecological and axiological reflection of the concept of sustainable development as a basis for the health-preserving competence of a physical education teacher
Authors: Yevtuch Mykola B. , Fedorets Vasyl M. , Klochko Oksana V. , Kravets Nina P. , Branitska Tetiana R.
Published: May 2021

The article on the basis of the ecological value of reflection the concept of sustainable development and Hellenistic concepts is conceptual and methodological improvement of health saving competence of Physical Education teachers in the conditions of post-graduate education. There are presented methodological ways of greening of health and fitness technologies and identified opportunities for ecologically oriented their use by the teacher. Based on ecophilic interpretation of Hellenistic ideas are developed methodological concepts “Tellusantropo convergence” of the “Arete of the earth”, “Tellusantropo harmonization”, “Astoria of the Earth”, “Tellusantropo reflection”. Cultural, educational and technological sense of these concepts is existential axiological and ecophilic-oriented representation and interpretation the idea of sustainable development with the aim of using them as a Physical Education teacher in the educational health saving and fitness technologies and practices. In order to form a value relation to the Earth, to develop the “Arete of the Earth” and to unveil the “Existential of the Earth”, we used the value-oriented reflexive technique of the “Epistrophe of the Earth”. The method of “Epistrophe of the Earth” with its further improvement and testing can be used to form a valuable attitude to the Earth, actualization of environmental issues, formation of psychological health of participants in the educational process and actualization of the concept of sustainable development.
School textbook as an object of pedagogical research
Authors: Kodliuk Yaroslava , Bibik Nadiya , Kodliuk Ihor , Kodliuk Liubov , Radchenko Olha
Published: May 2021

The article deals with investigations of scientists in the field of school textbook theory. The material has been structured taking into account the main components of this field of knowledge: purpose (the dual essence of this type of educational literature has been revealed – it is a carrier of educational content and teaching aids; position of the textbook as a model of integral learning process has been substantiated (systematization, consolidation and control, self-education, integrating, coordinating, developmental-educational), structure (general didactic structure of the school textbook covers the text and non-text components – the apparatus of mastering, illustrative material, orientation apparatus), methods of analysis and evaluation (distinguish traditional and theoretical) – analytical and formalized methods; the structural-functional approach to the textbook analysis has been proved). The peculiarities of textbooks for elementary school have been analyzed: the most complete definition of this phenomenon has been formulated; the leading functions of the textbook addressed to junior students have been defined – informational, developmental, educational, motivational; the features of structural components (taking into account the age of students) have been specified; methods of analysis and evaluation of the textbook have been classified: methods of analysis of the manuscript, methods of evaluation of the textbook itself, diagnostic evaluation ex post facto; a comprehensive approach to the analysis of textbooks for elementary school has been proposed; methods of analysis of certain aspects of the textbook (motivational component, developmental orientation, etc.) have been offered.
Training of future primary school teachers for the formation of functional literacy in pupils
Authors: Shpak Valentyna , Klim-Klimashevska Anna , Ninova Tatyana
Published: May 2021

The main problem area of the article is the current issues of pedagogical science concerning training of future primary school teachers for the formation of functional literacy in pupils. The emergence of these issues is determined by globalization and integration processes in the educational system of Ukraine and in the world, social transformations that affect the content of primary education, as well as modern humanitarian, scientific and technological development. This requires each individual to show functional literacy. Based on this, there is an urgent need for fundamental changes in postclassical education, caused by modern European theories, educational models, the latest tools of professional activity of primary school teachers who are responsible for the provided educational services. These changes are necessary in the context of the recommendations provided by leading European and international educational organizations, and are confirmed by the results of international PISA research. The purpose of the research involves establishing the essence of the basic concept of “functional literacy” and its structure. The research found a link between functional literacy and soft skills. The program of the experiment provides for the diagnosis of the formation of functional literacy in future primary school teachers. Questionnaire and testing of final year students’ in specialty 013 Primary Education of Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy (Ukraine) confirmed the assumption that in most students functional literacy is formed at the middle level.
The factors of professional training of a primary school teacher in the context of the second graduate degree in Pedagogy
Authors: Pavlyk Olena , Lysohor Liudmyla , Lampiselka Jarkko
Published: May 2021

The article highlights the problem of effective education of adults receiving the second graduate degree in Pedagogy. The importance of this problem is related to the specifics of the formation of the contingent of part-time students majoring in 013 Primary education, which is heterogeneous in age, basic education, and professional activity. The study used the method of questionnaires, interviews, observation of the educational process, methods of quantitative mathematical analysis of data processing. The normative-legal base in the context of the research is analyzed; the comparative analysis of the system of teacher training in a number of European countries is carried out. It was found that in the process of professional training of primary school teachers in the second graduate degree should take into account the following factors: age of students, their needs, social status, the availability of main education, and work due to the specialty. This determines the selection of methods and techniques of teaching, technologies that provide quality practical training, taking into account their professional and life experience, intrinsic motivation and a strong desire for self-realization. The study identified the most important principles of andragogy, which should be based on professional training of students receiving second graduate degree in pedagogic, specifically: priorities of self-study, organization of group work, use of professional experience as a source of new knowledge, relevance of knowledge and experience, self-motivation. This made it possible to identify the priority forms of organization of the educational process, to provide a practical component of the formation of subject and methodological competencies of the modern primary school teacher.
Structural and functional model of developing pedagogical skills of teachers of economics in Master’s degree programmes
Authors: Sultanova Leila , Khomych Lidiia , Tsiuniak Oksana , Romaniuk Oksana
Published: May 2021

The article represents a structural and functional development model of pedagogical skills of teachers of economic disciplines in Master’s degree programmes with carrying out and proving its theoretical substantiation and the expediency of its use. The interconnected, namely theoretical, semantic and effective blocks of the suggested model are analyzed. The components, criteria and levels of pedagogical skills are described as well. The article identifies such approaches to the development of pedagogical skills of teachers of economic disciplines in Master’s degree programmes, as psycho-didactic, competence, activity and innovative; the principles that must be followed in the development process of pedagogical skills of teachers of economic disciplines in Master’s degree programmes, namely, professional orientation, subjectivity, priority of active teaching methods, interactive technologies and self-improvement are also characterized. The effectiveness of the structural and functional model introduction of pedagogical skills development of teachers of economic disciplines in the Master’s degree programmes was tested experimentally.