bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation System for Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.)
Authors: Zhang Meng , Yang Sichao , Chen Wenxing , Xu Liqing , Guo Dayong , Luo Zhengrong , Zhang Qinglin
Published: May 2022

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) is an important fruit crop in East Asia and has great commercial potential due to the high demand for fresh edible fruits or processed dried persimmon, as well as its being a source of raw materials for the chemical industry. Genetic engineering has shown great potential in persimmon fruit improvement and compensated for the limitations of conventional breeding. In this study, we developed an efficient transformation system and in vivo regeneration protocol by using the leaf disc culture of ‘Gongcheng Shuishi’ persimmon through the optimization of different basic media and hormone combinations. Based on the secondary induction system on 1/2DKW (DKW medium) + ZT (2.0 mg/L) + TDZ (0.5 mg/L) and MS (1/2 N) + ZT (2.0 mg/L) + IAA (0.1 mg/L), the callus induction rate and adventitious bud induction rate were 96.0% and 94.0%, respectively, and RNA interference of DkANR (ANR, anthocyanidin reductase) was achieved after transformation, thus resulting in a reduction in proanthocyanidin accumulation. The GFP (green fluorescent protein) fluorescence signal was visualized in the transgenic seedlings with GFP gene cotransformation. A total of 17.9% of the positive regenerated transgenic seedlings with empty vector were confirmed by both hyg gene and 35S promoter PCR analysis. Southern blotting assays showed that 20 positive transgenic persimmon seedlings were obtained from 135 regenerated transformants derived from DkANRi. Altogether, a reliable and highly efficient transformation system was achieved in persimmon, which may contribute to gene function identification and genetic improvement in the future.
Associations between Sleep Quality and Heart Rate Variability: Implications for a Biological Model of Stress Detection Using Wearable Technology
Authors: Chalmers Taryn , Hickey Blake A. , Newton Philip , Lin Chin-Teng , Sibbritt David , McLachlan Craig S. , Clifton-Bligh Roderick , Morley John W. , Lal Sara
Published: May 2022

Introduction: The autonomic nervous system plays a vital role in the modulation of many vital bodily functions, one of which is sleep and wakefulness. Many studies have investigated the link between autonomic dysfunction and sleep cycles; however, few studies have investigated the links between short-term sleep health, as determined by the Pittsburgh Quality of Sleep Index (PSQI), such as subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction, and autonomic functioning in healthy individuals. Aim: In this cross-sectional study, the aim was to investigate the links between short-term sleep quality and duration, and heart rate variability in 60 healthy individuals, in order to provide useful information about the effects of stress and sleep on heart rate variability (HRV) indices, which in turn could be integrated into biological models for wearable devices. Methods: Sleep parameters were collected from participants on commencement of the study, and HRV was derived using an electrocardiogram (ECG) during a resting and stress task (Trier Stress Test). Result: Low-frequency to high-frequency (LF:HF) ratio was significantly higher during the stress task than during the baseline resting phase, and very-low-frequency and high-frequency HRV were inversely related to impaired sleep during stress tasks. Conclusion: Given the ubiquitous nature of wearable technologies for monitoring health states, in particular HRV, it is important to consider the impacts of sleep states when using these technologies to interpret data. Very-low-frequency HRV during the stress task was found to be inversely related to three negative sleep indices: sleep quality, daytime dysfunction, and global sleep score.
Exposures, Symptoms and Risk Perception among Office Workers in Relation to Nanoparticles in the Work Environment
Authors: Orru Hans , Olstrup Henrik , Hagenbjörk Annika , Nordin Steven , Orru Kati
Published: May 2022

Submicroscopic nanoparticles (NPs) in air have received much attention due to their possible effects on health and wellbeing. Adverse health impacts of air pollution may not only be associated with level of exposure, but also mediated by the perception of the pollution and by beliefs of the exposure being hazardous. The aim of this study was to test a model that describes interrelations between NP pollution, perceived air quality, health risk perception, stress, and sick building syndrome. In the NanoOffice study, the level of NPs was measured and a survey on health risk perception was conducted among 260 employees in twelve office buildings in northern Sweden. Path analyses were performed to test the validity of the model. The data refute the model proposing that the NP exposure level significantly influences stress, chronic diseases, or SBS symptoms. Instead, the perceived exposure influences the perceived risk of NP, and the effect of perceived exposure on SBS and chronic disease is mediated by stress. There was little concern about nanoparticles, despite relatively high levels in some facilities. Perceived pollution and health risk perception may explain a large part of the environmentally induced symptoms and diseases, particularly in relatively low levels of pollution. The research results raise important questions on the physiologically or psychologically mediated health effects of air pollution.
Safety and Effectiveness of Transvenous Lead Extraction in Patients with Infected Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices; Is It More Risky than Extraction of Other Systems?
Authors: Stefańczyk Paweł , Nowosielecka Dorota , Polewczyk Anna , Tułecki Łukasz , Tomków Konrad , Jacheć Wojciech , Lewicka Ewa , Tomaszewski Andrzej , Kutarski Andrzej
Published: May 2022

Background: Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices is considered as more risky. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of TLE in patients with infected CRT systems. Methods: Data of 3468 patients undergoing TLE in a single high-volume center in years 2006–2021 were analyzed. The clinical and procedural parameters as well as the efficacy and safety of TLE were compared between patients with infected CRT and pacemakers (PM) and ICD systems. Results: Infectious indications for TLE occurred in 1138 patients, including 150 infected CRT (112 CRT-D and 38 CRT-P). The general health condition of CRT patients was worse with higher Charlson’s comorbidity index. The number of extracted leads was higher in the CRT group, but implant duration was significantly longer in the PM than in the ICD and CRT groups (98.93 vs. 55.26 vs. 55.43 months p < 0.01). The procedure was longer in duration, more difficult, and more complex in patients with pacemakers than in those in the CRT group. The occurrence of major complications and clinical and procedural success as well as procedure-related death did not show any relationship to the type of CIED device. Mortality at more than one-year follow-up after TLE was significantly higher among patients with CRT devices (22.7% vs. 8.7%) than among those in the PM group. Conclusion: Despite the greater burden of lead and comorbidities, the complexity and efficiency of removing infected CRT systems is no more dangerous than removing other infected systems. The duration of the implant seems to play a dominant role.
Optimization of Spatial Pattern of Land Use: Progress, Frontiers, and Prospects
Authors: Liu Changchang , Deng Chuxiong , Li Zhongwu , Liu Yaojun , Wang Shuyuan
Published: May 2022

Due to high-intensity human disturbance and rapid climate change, optimizing the spatial pattern of land use has become a pivotal path to restoring ecosystem functions and realizing the sustainable development of human–land relationships. This review uses the literature analysis method combined with CiteSpace to determine current research progress and frontiers, challenges, and directions for further improvement in this field. The main conclusions include the following: (a) research on the optimization of spatial pattern of land use has transformed from pattern description orientation to sustainable development orientation to ecological restoration orientation. Its research paradigm has changed from pattern to function to well-being; (b) the research frontier mainly includes spatial pattern of land use that takes into account the unity of spatial structure and functional attributes, the ecological mechanism and feedback effect of change in spatial pattern of land, the theoretical framework and model construction of land use simulation and prediction based on multiple disciplines and fields, and the adaptive management of sustainable land use in the context of climate change; (c) based on current research challenges, we integrate the research on landscape ecology and ecosystem service flows to develop an “element sets–network structure–system functions–human well-being” conceptual model. We also propose the strengthening of future research on theoretical innovation, spatiotemporal mechanism selection, causal emergence mechanism, the transformation threshold, and uncertainty. We provide innovative ideas for achieving sustainable management of land systems and territorial spatial planning with the aim of improving the adaptability of land use spatial optimization. This is expected to strengthen the ability of land systems to cope with ecological security and climate risks.
The Value of Social Capital for the Success of SPAC IPOs
Authors: Haniffa Roszaini , Hudaib Mohammad , Nawaz Tasawar
Published: May 2022

This paper explores the role of social capital in contributing to the success of a new breed of organizations known as ‘blank check companies’ or special purpose acquisition companies (SPACs) that are set up solely to target and acquire listed companies as a fast-track route to gain listing status in the stock market. The paper is a case study of Pershing Square Holdings Ltd., St. Peter Port, UK (PSH), which launched SPAC IPOs (Initial Public Offerings), Pershing Square Tontine Holdings Ltd., New York, NY, USA (PSTH), which succeeded in raising the largest capital from influential investors in 2020. Social capital theory is employed to provide theoretical structure for the analysis. Using annual reports, publicly available information on the internet, as well as social media platforms related to the company and its strategy, the authors critically analyse and highlight how the Tontine’s founder and his team utilized their structural, relational, and cognitive social capital to attract investors and gained recognition as the most successful SPAC IPO in the market in 2020. The authors found the ability to structure a SPAC IPO that departs from a typical SPAC, and the choice of timing to enter the SPAC market resulted in an over subscription and higher market valuation ratings of its IPO, as well as allowed the sponsor to be selective of its investors. This is the first study to address the significance of social capital at the individual and organizational level in creating value for SPAC IPOs. Potential investors can gain understanding and insights on the mechanics of SPAC IPOs and the importance of the founder’s social capital in ensuring successful investment. Successful SPAC IPOs will create interest in the marketplace and enhance the value of investment for investors and helped private companies to get listed faster.
Geographical Determinants of Regional Retail Sales: Evidence from 12,500 Retail Shops in Qiannan County, China
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Luyao , Wang Xu , Wang Yankun
Published: May 2022

The rapid development of the Chinese economy has stimulated consumer demand and brought huge opportunities for the retail industry. Previous studies have emphasized the importance of estimating regional consumption potentiality. However, the determinants of retail sales are yet to be systematically studied, especially at the micro level. As a result, the realization of sustainable development goals in the retail industry is restricted. In this paper, we studied the determinants of retail sales from two aspects—location-based socioeconomic factors and spatial competition between shops. Using 12,500 retail shops as our sample and by adopting a grid-division strategy, we found that regional retail sales can be positively impacted by nearby population, road length, and most non-commercial points of interest (POIs). By contrast, the number of other commercial facilities, such as catering facilities and shopping malls, and the area of geographic barriers often caused negative impacts on retail sales. As to the competition effects, we found that the isolation and decentralization of shops in one area have a marginally positive effect on sales performance within a threshold distance of 226.19 m for a central grid and a threshold distance of 514.85 m for surrounding grids, respectively. This study explores the determinants of micro-level retail sales and provides decision makers with practical and realistic approaches for generating better site selection and marketing strategies, thus realizing the sustainable development goals of the retail industry.
Sugar Transporters in Plasmodiophora brassicae: Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Verification
Authors: Kong Liyan , Li Xiaonan , Zhan Zongxiang , Piao Zhongyun
Published: May 2022

Plasmodiophora brassicae, an obligate intracellular pathogen, can hijack the host’s carbohydrates for survival. When the host plant is infected by P. brassicae, a large amount of soluble sugar accumulates in the roots, especially glucose, which probably facilitates the development of this pathogen. Although a complete glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle existed in P. brassicae, very little information about the hexose transport system has been reported. In this study, we screened 17 putative sugar transporters based on information about their typical domains. The structure of these transporters showed a lot of variation compared with that of other organisms, especially the number of transmembrane helices (TMHs). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these sugar transporters were far from the evolutionary relationship of other organisms and were unique in P. brassicae. The hexose transport activity assay indicated that eight transporters transported glucose or fructose and could restore the growth of yeast strain EBY.VW4000, which was deficient in hexose transport. The expression level of these glucose transporters was significantly upregulated at the late inoculation time when resting spores and galls were developing and a large amount of energy was needed. Our study provides new insights into the mechanism of P. brassicae survival in host cells by hijacking and utilizing the carbohydrates of the host.
Visualization of the Crossroads between a Nascent Infection Thread and the First Cell Division Event in Phaseolus vulgaris Nodulation
Authors: Monroy-Morales Elizabeth , Dávila-Delgado Raúl , Ayala-Guzmán Emmanuel , Gamboa-deBuen Alicia , Sánchez-López Rosana
Published: May 2022

The development of a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing nodule in legumes involves infection and organogenesis. Infection begins when rhizobia enter a root hair through an inward structure, the infection thread (IT), which guides the bacteria towards the cortical tissue. Concurrently, organogenesis takes place by inducing cortical cell division (CCD) at the infection site. Genetic analysis showed that both events are well-coordinated; however, the dynamics connecting them remain to be elucidated. To visualize the crossroads between IT and CCD, we benefited from the fact that, in Phaseolus vulgaris nodulation, where the first division occurs in subepidermal cortical cells located underneath the infection site, we traced a Rhizobium etli strain expressing DsRed, the plant cytokinesis marker YFP-PvKNOLLE, a nuclear stain and cell wall auto-fluorescence. We found that the IT exits the root hair to penetrate an underlying subepidermal cortical (S-E) cell when it is concluding cytokinesis.
Dormancy in Breast Cancer, the Role of Autophagy, lncRNAs, miRNAs and Exosomes
Authors: Jahangiri Leila , Ishola Tala
Published: May 2022

Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women for which numerous diagnostic and therapeutic options have been developed. Namely, the targeted treatment of BC, for the most part, relies on the expression of growth factors and hormone receptors by these cancer cells. Despite this, close to 30% of BC patients may experience relapse due to the presence of minimal residual disease (MRD) consisting of surviving disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) from the primary tumour which can colonise a secondary site. This can lead to either detectable metastasis or DTCs entering a dormant state for a prolonged period where they are undetectable. In the latter, cells can re-emerge from their dormant state due to intrinsic and microenvironmental cues leading to relapse and metastatic outgrowth. Pre- and clinical studies propose that targeting dormant DTCs may inhibit metastasis, but the choice between keeping them dormant or forcing their “awakening” is still controversial. This review will focus on cancer cells’ microenvironmental cues and metabolic and molecular properties, which lead to dormancy, relapse, and metastatic latency in BC. Furthermore, we will focus on the role of autophagy, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), miRNAs, and exosomes in influencing the induction of dormancy and awakening of dormant BC cells. In addition, we have analysed BC treatment from a viewpoint of autophagy, lncRNAs, miRNAs, and exosomes. We propose the targeted modulation of these processes and molecules as modern aspects of precision medicine for BC treatment, improving both novel and traditional BC treatment options. Understanding these pathways and processes may ultimately improve BC patient prognosis, patient survival, and treatment response.
Impact of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ASCs) of Rheumatic Disease Patients on T Helper Cell Differentiation
Authors: Kuca-Warnawin Ewa , Plebańczyk Magdalena , Ciechomska Marzena , Olesińska Marzena , Szczęsny Piotr , Kontny Ewa
Published: May 2022

Complex pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) is associated with an imbalance of various Th-cell subpopulations. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability to restore this balance. However, bone marrow-derived MSCs of SLE and SSc patients exhibit many abnormalities, whereas the properties of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCS) are much less known. Therefore, we examined the effect of ASCs obtained from SLE (SLE/ASCs) and SSc (SSc/ASCs) patients on Th subset differentiation, using cells from healthy donors (HD/ASCs) as controls. ASCs were co-cultured with activated CD4+ T cells or peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Expression of transcription factors defining Th1, Th2, Th17, and regulatory T cell (Tregs) subsets, i.e., T-bet, GATA3, RORc, and FoxP3, were analysed by quantitative RT-PCR, the concentrations of subset-specific cytokines were measured by ELISA, and Tregs formation by flow cytometry. Compared with HD/ASCs, SLE/ASCs and especially SSc/ASCs triggered Th differentiation which was disturbed at the transcription levels of genes encoding Th1- and Tregs-related transcription factors. However, we failed to find functional consequences of this abnormality, because all tested ASCs similarly switched differentiation from Th1 to Th2 direction with accompanying IFNγ/IL-4 ratio decrease, up-regulated Th17 formation and IL-17 secretion, and up-regulated classical Tregs generation.
Revisiting the Roles of Filaggrin in Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Moosbrugger-Martinz Verena , Leprince Corinne , Méchin Marie-Claire , Simon Michel , Blunder Stefan , Gruber Robert , Dubrac Sandrine
Published: May 2022

The discovery in 2006 that loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin gene (FLG) cause ichthyosis vulgaris and can predispose to atopic dermatitis (AD) galvanized the dermatology research community and shed new light on a skin protein that was first identified in 1981. However, although outstanding work has uncovered several key functions of filaggrin in epidermal homeostasis, a comprehensive understanding of how filaggrin deficiency contributes to AD is still incomplete, including details of the upstream factors that lead to the reduced amounts of filaggrin, regardless of genotype. In this review, we re-evaluate data focusing on the roles of filaggrin in the epidermis, as well as in AD. Filaggrin is important for alignment of keratin intermediate filaments, control of keratinocyte shape, and maintenance of epidermal texture via production of water-retaining molecules. Moreover, filaggrin deficiency leads to cellular abnormalities in keratinocytes and induces subtle epidermal barrier impairment that is sufficient enough to facilitate the ingress of certain exogenous molecules into the epidermis. However, although FLG null mutations regulate skin moisture in non-lesional AD skin, filaggrin deficiency per se does not lead to the neutralization of skin surface pH or to excessive transepidermal water loss in atopic skin. Separating facts from chaff regarding the functions of filaggrin in the epidermis is necessary for the design efficacious therapies to treat dry and atopic skin.
The Arc de Triomphe, Wrapped: Measuring Public Installation Art Engagement and Popularity through Social Media Data Analysis
Authors: Vlachou Sofia , Panagopoulos Michail
Published: May 2022

Social media is the most popular canvas to engage with art. In this study, we provide a different angle, on how an artistic installation on a world-renowned monument—such as Paris’ Arc de Triomphe—can emotionally affect viewers and potentially increase the popularity of the artwork. We collected N = 7078 Instagram and N = 3776 Twitter posts of the Arc de Triomphe as wrapped (installation) and unwrapped using APIs. As engagement indicators for several supervised machine learning experiments, we chose the total number of likes, comments, shares, text sentiment, and so on. Our findings revealed that people were captivated by the poetic installation. Based on the results, we discovered that the sentiments of triumph and surprise prevailed in datasets of the Arc de Triomphe as unwrapped. The same sentiments of triumph and surprise were most prevalent in datasets as wrapped, as well, but with higher scores. Furthermore, we have provided evidence of public art experience and engagement in the social media era. This research, we believe, will be useful in future studies of social media through the lens of public art and popularity. We hope that our findings will stimulate future research in the fields of art curatorship, cultural heritage management, marketing and communication, aesthetics, and culture analytics.
Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on the Incidence and Outcomes of COVID-19 Needing Hospital Admission According to Sex: Retrospective Cohort Study Using Hospital Discharge Data in Spain, Year 2020
Authors: de Miguel-Yanes Jose M. , Jimenez-Garcia Rodrigo , de Miguel-Diez Javier , Hernández-Barrera Valentin , Carabantes-Alarcon David , Zamorano-Leon Jose J. , Omaña-Palanco Ricardo , Lopez-de-Andres Ana
Published: May 2022

(1) Background: To analyze incidence and in-hospital mortality (IHM) of COVID-19 needing hospital admission in Spain (2020) in patients with T2DM. (2) Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study. Using the Spanish Register of Specialized Care-Basic Minimum Database we estimated age-adjusted incidence rates (IR). (3) Results: We included 203,488 patients (56.77% men), of whom 45,620 (22.41%) had T2DM. Age-adjusted IRs/1000 for men with and without T2DM was 12.90 and 5.87, respectively (IRR 2.20; 95% CI 2.18–2.22; p < 0.001), and for women with and without T2DM was 9.23 and 4.27, respectively (IRR 2.16; 95% CI 2.13–2.19; p < 0.001). Crude IHM was 23.86% in people with T2DM, and 15.94% in non-T2DM people (p < 0.001). After matching, intensive-care admission (7.37% vs. 6.15%; p < 0.001) and IHM (23.37% vs. 20.41%; p < 0.001) remained higher in women with T2DM. After matching, IHM among T2DM men was 1.5% higher than among non-T2DM men (24.27% vs. 22.72%; p < 0.001). Men with T2DM had a 34% higher IHM than women with T2DM. Prevalent T2DM increased IHM among women (1.09; 95% 1.03–1.16) and men (1.05; 95% 1.01–1.10). (4) Conclusions: Incidence rates of COVID-19 needing hospital admission were higher in men vs. women, and for people with T2DM vs. non-T2DM. Men had higher IHM beside T2DM status. Prevalent T2DM was associated with higher IHM for both sexes.
Are Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 Useful as Markers in Diagnostic Management of Children with Newly Diagnosed Ulcerative Colitis?
Authors: Czajkowska Aleksandra , Guzinska-Ustymowicz Katarzyna , Pryczynicz Anna , Lebensztejn Dariusz , Daniluk Urszula
Published: May 2022

Matrix Metaloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and Tissue Inhibitor of Metaloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), enzymes involved in tissue remodelling, have been previously reported to be overexpressed in the colonic mucosa of patients with Ulcerative colitis (UC). The aim of this study was to determine the relation of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 with UC phenotypes, the disease activity index and routinely tested inflammatory markers in newly diagnosed paediatric patients. The study group comprised 35 children diagnosed with UC and 20 control groups. Serum and faecal concentrations of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were estimated using enzyme-like immunosorbent assay kits and correlated to the disease activity index (Paediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index, PUCAI), UC phenotype (Paris Classification), inflammatory markers and endoscopic score (Mayo score). Children with UC presented with significantly higher serum and faecal concentrations of studied markers compared to the control group. Both serums, MMP-9 and TIMP-1, were higher in children with more extended and severe lesions in the colon. Furthermore, serum MMP-9 correlated with the Mayo score, Paris classification and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Serum TIMP-1 showed correlation with PUCAI, Paris Classification, CRP levels and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Serum and faecal levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 are useful in discriminating UC patients and non-invasive assessments of disease phenotypes. It seemed that simultaneous measurement of these proteins in combination with other common markers of inflammation could be applied in clinical practice.
Coracoid Impingement and Morphology Is Associated with Fatty Infiltration and Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: El-Amin Saadiq F. , Maffulli Nicola , Mai Matthew C. , Rodriguez Hugo C. , Jaso Victoria , Cannon Dylan , Gupta Ashim
Published: May 2022

This study describes measurements between the coracoid, glenoid, and humerus; characterizes coracoid shape, rotator cuff fatty infiltration, and quantitatively evaluates coracoid impingement and its association with anterosuperior rotator cuff tears (ASCT). 193 shoulder magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans demonstrating: rotator cuff tear; isolated tear of the supraspinatus; tear of supraspinatus and subscapularis, were included. MRI measurements included coracohumeral interval (CHI), coracoid overlap (CO), coracoid recess (CR), coracoglenoid angle (CGA), and coracoglenoid interval (CGI) on axial slices; acromiohumeral interval (AHI) on coronal slices; and coracohumeral interval (CHI) and coracoacromial ligament (CAL) thickness on sagittal slices. The coracoid shape was classified as flat, curved, or hooked. An Independent T-test was used to compare the MRI measurements and the different rotator cuff tear groups. In 79% of the patients with ASCT tears, the coracoid was curved. Axial CHI, CGA, sagittal CHI, and AHI were decreased in ASCT when compared to no tears and isolated supraspinatus tears (p < 0.05). CO was increased in ASCT compared to no tears and isolated supraspinatus tears (p < 0.05). Patients with an ASCT had a significantly increased subscapularis and supraspinatus Goutallier fatty infiltration score when compared to no tear and isolated supraspinatus tears (p < 0.05). These quantitative measurements may be useful in identifying patients at risk for ASCT. Level of Evidence III.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Gamma Variants among Symptomatic Pregnant Women: A Two-Center Retrospective Cohort Study between France and Brazil
Authors: Mosnino Elie , Bernardes Lisandra S. , Mattern Jeremie , Hipólito Micheletti Bruna , Aparecida de Castro Maldonado Amarilis , Vauloup-Fellous Christelle , Doucet-Populaire Florence , De Luca Daniele , Benachi Alexandra , Vivanti Alexandre J.
Published: May 2022

New variants of SARS-CoV-2 are a major source of concern, especially for pregnant women and in the perinatal context. The primary aim of this study was to compare the severity of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women depending on strain predominance between wild-type Alpha and Gamma variants. The secondary aim was to study the impact of these strains on obstetrical and neonatal outcomes. We conducted a two-center international retrospective cohort study, which included two type III maternity hospitals, one in France and one in Brazil, comparing the first period corresponding to the wild-type strain and the second period corresponding to the predominance of the Alpha variant in France and the Gamma variant in Brazil. We included 151 pregnant women with symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by RT-PCR. The rate of severe-to-critical infection, according to the WHO definition, was seven-fold higher in patients infected during the “variant period” than in patients infected during the “wild-type period” (aOR = 7.07, 95CI [2.50–21.6], p < 0.001). There were no statistical differences concerning composite obstetrical and neonatal outcomes between the different periods. While analyzing each variant separately, it was found that, in France, the risk of developing a severe-to-critical infection was three times greater during the Alpha period than during the wild-type period (OR = 3.25, 95CI [0.70–15.6], p = 0.13) and, in Brazil, the risk was twelve times greater during the Gamma period than during the wild-type period (OR = 11.8, 95CI [2.46–72.3], p = 0.003). The Alpha and Gamma variants of SARS-CoV-2 seem to be more dangerous in the obstetrical context. With the rapid emergence of new variants, it is necessary to accelerate vaccination to protect women and newborn children.
Sagittal Condylar Inclination and Transversal Condylar Inclination in Different Skeletal Classes
Authors: Lewandowska Anahit , Mańka-Malara Katarzyna , Kostrzewa-Janicka Jolanta
Published: May 2022

Background: During prosthodontic treatment, the averaged values of the transversal condylar inclination (TCI) and the sagittal condylar inclination (SCI) are used for articulator settings. This study evaluated different parameters of measurable mandibular movements according to skeletal classes. Methods: Seventy-five patients (mean age 30.8 ± 5.49) had a condylography using the Cadiax Compact device (Gamma Dental, Klosterneuburg, Austria) and cephalometric analysis performed. Statistical analysis was performed using R statistical software. Results: There was no statistical evidence to state that the value of SCI angle is different in I compared to II Skeletal Class. There were no statistically significant differences when comparing the I vs. III and II vs. III Skeletal Class. The lowest mean SCI angle values were found in subjects with Skeletal Class III. There were statistically significant differences in left-sided TCI between Class I and II. There was a statistically significant linear relationship between ANB angle value and SCI value. Conclusions: Due to the wide individual variation in SCI and TCI values, it is advisable to use individual measurable parameters of mandibular movements during prosthetic reconstructions. The statistically significant relationship between SCI and ANB angle can be used to individualize the articulating parameters, especially in significant skeletal disproportions.
Tricuspid Structural Valve Deterioration Treated with a Transcatheter Valve-in-Valve Implantation: A Single-Center Prospective Registry
Authors: Schamroth Pravda Nili , Vaknin Assa Hana , Levi Amos , Witberg Guy , Shapira Yaron , Vaturi Mordechai , Orvin Katia , Talmor Barkan Yeela , Hamdan Ashraf , Mishaev Raffael , Sharoni Ram , Perl Leor , Sagie Alexander , Kornowski Ran , Codner Pablo
Published: May 2022

The valve-in-valve (ViV) technique is an emerging alternative for the treatment of bioprosthetic structural valve deterioration (SVD) in the tricuspid position. We report on the outcomes of patients treated by a transcatheter tricuspid valve-in-valve (TT-ViV) implantation for symptomatic SVD in the tricuspid position during the years 2010–2019 at our center. Three main outcomes were examined during the follow-up period: TT-ViV hemodynamic data per echocardiography, mortality and NYHA functional class. Our cohort consisted of 12 patients with a mean age 65.4 ± 11.9 years, 83.3% male. The mean time from initial valve intervention to TT-ViV was 17.4 ± 8.7 years. The indications for TT-ViV were varied (41.7% for predominant regurgitation, 33.3% for predominant stenosis and 25.0% with a mixed pathology). All patients were treated with a balloon-expandable device. The mean follow-up was 3.4 ± 1.3 years. Tricuspid regurgitation was ≥ moderate in 57.2% of patients prior to the procedure and this decreased to 0% following the procedure. The mean transtricuspid valve gradients mildly decreased from the mean pre-procedural values of 9.0 mmHg to 7.0 mmHg at one month following the procedure (p = 0.36). Mortality at one year was 8.0% (95% CI 0–23). At the baseline, 4 patients (33.3%) were in NYHA functional class III/IV; this was reduced to 2 patients (18.2%) at the one year follow-up and both were in NYHA III. The TT-ViV procedure offered a safe, feasible and less invasive treatment option for patients with SVD in our detailed cohort.
Determinants in the Underdiagnosis of COPD in Spain—CONOCEPOC Study
Authors: Calle Rubio Myriam , Rodríguez Hermosa Juan Luis , Miravitlles Marc , López-Campos José Luis
Published: May 2022

Factors such as seeking medical attention for respiratory symptoms and health professionals ordering spirometry come into play in the underdiagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The objective of this study was to analyze seeking medical attention and the use of spirometry in individuals with chronic respiratory symptoms and to compare these results with those obtained in the 2005 and 2011 surveys. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional, observational, epidemiological study was conducted via phone interview in December 2020 in Spain, with a representative sample from 17 autonomous communities. The study design was identical to that of the studies carried out in 2005 and 2011 to evaluate the changes that have occurred in seeking medical attention and performing spirometry in Spain, as well as the variability between autonomous communities. Results: From 89,601 phone contacts, a total of 6534 respondents were obtained. A total of 24.8% reported having some chronic respiratory symptom, and 17.9% reported a respiratory disease. Only 51.6% of those who had some chronic respiratory symptom had seen their doctor, which was less likely among current smokers (OR: 0.599, 95% CI: 0.467–0.769, p < 0.001) and those living in a rural setting (OR: 0.797, 95% CI: 0.651–0.975, p = 0.027). A total of 68.7% of the individuals who saw a doctor reported having undergone spirometry, most frequently males (OR: 1.535, 95% CI: 2.074–1.136, p < 0.005), former smokers (OR: 1.696, 95% CI: 2.407–1.195, p < 0.003), and those seen by a pulmonologist (OR: 6.151, 95% CI: 8.869–4.265, p < 0.001). With respect to the 2005 survey, more frequent use of spirometry has been observed (42.6 vs. 68.7%), without any change in seeking medical attention for respiratory symptoms. There is a clear variability according to the autonomous community (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Many individuals with chronic respiratory symptoms do not seek medical attention and although the use of spirometry has increased in the past 15 years, it is still an important area that needs improving in the primary care setting, especially among women. Both of these factors can be determinants in the underdiagnosis of COPD and its variability between autonomous communities.
Efficacy and Safety of Naldemedine for Patients with Cancer with Opioid-Induced Constipation in Clinical Practice: A Real-World Retrospective Study
Authors: Nishiba Hiromi , Imai Hisao , Fujita Yukiyoshi , Hiruta Eriko , Masuno Takashi , Yamazaki Shigeki , Tanaka Hajime , Kamiya Teruhiko , Ito Masako , Takei Satoshi , Matsuura Masato , Mogi Junnosuke , Minato Koichi , Obayashi Kyoko
Published: May 2022

The efficacy and safety of naldemedine for opioid-induced constipation in patients with cancer has not been investigated in clinical practice. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective study to assess the effects of naldemedine among 10 Japanese institutions between June 2017 and August 2019. We evaluated the number of defecations 7 days before and after naldemedine administration. A total of 149 patients (89 male) with a median age of 72 years (range, 38–96) were included. The performance status was 0–1, 2, and ≥3 in 40, 38, and 71 patients, respectively. The median opioid dose in oral morphine equivalents was 30 mg/day (range: 7.5–800 mg). We observed 98 responders and 51 non-responders. The median number of defecations increased significantly in the 7 days following naldemedine administration from three to six (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that an opioid dose <30 mg/day [odds ratio, 2.08; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–4.32; p = 0.042] was significantly correlated with the effect of naldemedine. Diarrhea was the most common adverse event (38.2%) among all grades. The efficacy and safety of naldemedine in clinical practice are comparable to those of prospective studies, suggesting that it is effective in most patients.
90-Day Patient-Centered Outcomes after Totally Endoscopic Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Claessens Jade , Yilmaz Alaaddin , Mostien Toon , Van Genechten Silke , Claes Marithé , Packlé Loren , Pierson Maud , Vandenbrande Jeroen , Kaya Abdullah , Stessel Björn
Published: May 2022

Over the past years, minimally invasive procedures have been developed to reduce surgical trauma after cardiac surgery. The value of patient-centered outcomes, including the quality of recovery after hospital discharge, is increasingly recognized. Identifying meaningful changes in postoperative function that might have a negative impact on patients without noticeable complications can provide a more comprehensive understanding of the impact on the patient’s life. In total, 209 patients were included in this trial. Of these, 193 patients underwent totally endoscopic cardiac surgery, 8 underwent cardiac surgery through a sternotomy, and 8 underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Patients who previously underwent cardiac surgery were excluded. Quality of life was determined through the Short Form 36 and European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions questionnaires before the surgery and 14, 30, and 90 days afterward. In patients who underwent totally endoscopic cardiac surgery, the quality of life improved over the three time periods. The different domains of the questionnaire evolved in a positive manner. However, 14 days postoperatively, a decline in quality of life was noted, followed by a return to baseline at 30 days and an increase at 90 days. In conclusion, totally endoscopic cardiac surgery improves the quality of life 90 days after surgery.
The Accuracy of Jaws Repositioning in Bimaxillary Orthognathic Surgery in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate Compared to Non-Syndromic Skeletal Class III Patients
Authors: Bollato Benedetta , Barone Martina , Gracco Antonio , Baciliero Ugo , Crivellin Giorgia , Bruno Giovanni , De Stefani Alberto
Published: May 2022

Background: The present study aims to compare the accuracy of jaw repositioning in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery using digital surgical planning in cleft lip and palate patients and in non-syndromic skeletal class III patients in order to investigate if orthognathic surgery achieves different results in the first group of patients. Method: This study included 32 class III adult patients divided into 2 groups: cleft lip and palate (A, n = 16) and non-cleft (B, n = 16). For each patient, a 2D pre-surgical visual treatment objective was performed by the surgeon to predict hard tissue changes, and the surgical outcome was compared with that planned by using cephalometric measurement (ANB, SNA, SNB, Ar-Go-Me, S-Ar-Go). The statistical analysis showed equivalence between obtained and planned results for each measurement both in group A and in group B, but the difference between the planned and the obtained result was smaller in group B regarding ANB angle. Conclusions: Digital surgical planning ensures better predictability of the surgical results and higher accuracy of surgery in complex patients, such as those with cleft lip and palate.
Additional Benefit of Intraoperative Electroacupuncture in Improving Tolerance of Deep Brain Stimulation Surgical Procedure in Parkinsonian Patients
Authors: Raoul Sylvie , Brissot Régine , Lefaucheur Jean-Pascal , Nguyen Jean-Michel , Rouaud Tiphaine , Meas Yunsan , Huchet Alain , Razafimahefa Ndrianaina , Damier Philippe , Nizard Julien , Nguyen Jean-Paul
Published: May 2022

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective technique to treat patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease. The surgical procedure of DBS implantation is generally performed under local anesthesia due to the need for intraoperative clinical testing. However, this procedure is long (5–7 h on average) and, therefore, the objective that the patient remains co-operative and tolerates the intervention well is a real challenge. Objective: To evaluate the additional benefit of electroacupuncture (EA) performed intraoperatively to improve the comfort of parkinsonian patients during surgical DBS implantation. Methods: This single-center randomized study compared two groups of patients. In the first group, DBS implantation was performed under local anesthesia alone, while the second group received EA in addition. The patients were evaluated preoperatively, during the different stages of the surgery, and 2 days after surgery, using the 9-item Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS), including a total sum score and physical and emotional subscores. Results: The data of nine patients were analyzed in each group. Although pain and tiredness increased in both groups after placement of the stereotactic frame, the ESAS item “lack of appetite”, as well as the ESAS total score and physical subscore increased after completion of the first burr hole until the end of the surgical procedure in the control group only. ESAS total score and physical subscore were significantly higher at the end of the intervention in the control group compared to the EA group. After the surgical intervention (D2), anxiety and ESAS emotional subscore were improved in both groups, but the feeling of wellbeing improved in the EA group only. Finally, one patient developed delirium during the intervention and none in the EA group. Discussion: This study shows that intraoperative electroacupuncture significantly improves the tolerance of DBS surgery in parkinsonian patients. This easy-to-perform procedure could be fruitfully added in clinical practice.
Age-Dependent Biomarkers for Prediction of In-Hospital Mortality in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Feigin Eugene , Levinson Tal , Wasserman Asaf , Shenhar-Tsarfaty Shani , Berliner Shlomo , Ziv-Baran Tomer
Published: May 2022

Background: Several biomarkers and models have been proposed to predict in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients. However, these studies have not examined the association in sub-populations. The present study aimed to identify the association between the two most common inflammatory biomarkers in the emergency department and in-hospital mortality in subgroups of patients. Methods: A historical cohort study of adult patients who were admitted to acute-care hospital between March and December 2020 and had a diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. Data on age, sex, Charlson comorbidity index, white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein (CRP), and in-hospital mortality were collected. Discrimination ability of each biomarker was observed and the CHAID method was used to identify the association in subgroups of patients. Results: Overall, 762 patients (median age 70.9 years, 59.7% males) were included in the study. Of them, 25.1% died during hospitalization. In-hospital mortality was associated with higher CRP (median 138 mg/L vs. 85 mg/L, p < 0.001), higher WBC count (median 8.5 vs. 6.6 K/µL, p < 0.001), and higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (median 9.2 vs. 5.4, p < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve was similar among all biomarkers (WBC 0.643, NLR 0.677, CRP 0.646, p > 0.1 for all comparisons). The CHAID method revealed that WBC count was associated with in-hospital mortality in patients aged 43.1–66.0 years (<11 K/µL: 10.1% vs. 11+ K/µL: 27.9%), NLR in patients aged 66.1–80 years (≤8: 15.7%, >8: 43.3%), and CRP in patients aged 80.1+ years (≤47 mg/L: 18.8%, 47.1–149 mg/L: 43.1%, and 149.1+: 71.7% mortality). Conclusions: WBC, NLR, and CRP present similar discrimination abilities. However, each biomarker should be considered as a predictor for in-hospital mortality in different age groups.
Effect of Manual Therapy Compared to Ibuprofen on Primary Dysmenorrhea in Young Women—Concentration Assessment of C-Reactive Protein, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Prostaglandins and Sex Hormones
Authors: Barcikowska Zofia , Grzybowska Magdalena Emilia , Wąż Piotr , Jaskulak Marta , Kurpas Monika , Sotomski Maksymilian , Starzec-Proserpio Małgorzata , Rajkowska-Labon Elżbieta , Hansdorfer-Korzon Rita , Zorena Katarzyna
Published: May 2022

Background: The study aimed to assess if manual therapy, compared to ibuprofen, impacts the concentration of inflammatory factors, sex hormones, and dysmenorrhea in young women Methods: Thirty-five women, clinically diagnosed with dysmenorrhea, were included in the study. They were divided into group A—manual therapy (n = 20) and group B—ibuprofen therapy (n = 15). Inflammatory factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), C-reactive protein (CRP), prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), E2 (PGE2) and sex hormones levels were measured. Dysmenorrhea assessed with the numerical pain rating scale (NPRS), myofascial trigger points, and muscle flexibility were examined before and after the interventions. Results: The difference in the level of 17-β-estradiol after manual and ibuprofen therapy was significant, as compared to baseline (p = 0.036). Progesterone levels decreased in group A (p = 0.002) and B (p = 0.028). The level of CRP was negatively correlated with sex hormones. Decrease in dysmenorrhea was significant in both groups (group A p = 0.016, group B p = 0.028). Non-significant differences were reported in prostaglandins, VEGF and CRP levels, in both groups. Conclusions: There were no significant differences in CRP, prostaglandins and VEGF factors after manual or ibuprofen therapy. It has been shown that both manual therapy and ibuprofen can decrease progesterone levels. Manual therapy had a similar effect on the severity of dysmenorrhea as ibuprofen, but after manual therapy, unlike after ibuprofen, less muscles with dysfunction were detected in patients with primary dysmenorrhea.