bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interaction between precinct police officers and community police officers with units of ju-venile prevention in the field of protection of children's right
Authors: Gurkovska K.
Published: February 2023

In order to comply with guarantees for the protection of the rights and interests of children who have suffered from domestic violence, as well as to ensure a proper response to cases of such violence, to provide timely assistance to affected children, to create conditions for the realization of every child's right to grow up in a safe family environment, authorized units of the National Police (patrol police, patrol police response teams, domestic violence mobile teams, precinct police officers, community police officers, juvenile prevention) interact with other state bodies, local self-government bodies, legal entities and individuals.

The interaction of the National Police with other subjects in the field of combating domestic violence against children is a type of legal relationship that requires the organization and planning of joint activities in this field, the pooling of information, technical, human and other resources for their joint use.

Coordination of measures in the field of prevention and countermeasures against domestic violence against children and monitoring of their implementation at the local level are carried out by authorized persons (coordinators) in executive power bodies and local self-government bodies.

According to the current legislation, forms of interaction between juvenile prevention units and community police officers in the field of children's rights protection are joint meetings, conferences, round tables, trainings; informing about the state of crime in the children's environment and measures for its improvement, which are taken by the police, as well as giving recommendations to parents, legal representatives on preventing the commission of offenses by children and in relation to them, the spread of negative phenomena among children; organization of preventive measures among children, etc. Forms of interaction between juvenile prevention units and community police officers in the field of children's rights protection are joint meetings, conferences, round tables, trainings; informing about the state of crime in the children's environment and measures to improve it, which are taken by the police.
Administrative and legal forms of court evaluation in the conditions of reforming the judicial system of Ukraine
Authors: Kotelnytska V.
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to the definition of administrative-legal forms of court evaluation in the conditions of reforming the judicial system of Ukraine. The content of the "form" category is revealed, as well as the doctrinal understanding of the concepts of "forms of management activity", "forms of state administration", "administrative-legal form", "administrative-legal form of evaluation". It has been found that scientists, revealing the content of the given definitions, pay attention to various subjects, including public administration agencies. It has been established that public administration borders on the functioning of the judicial branch, accordingly, subjects of judicial public administration are included in the recommended organizational structure for systematic court evaluation. The content and forms of exercising the powers of subjects of judicial public administration have been clarified. It is noted that the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine is authorized by law to analyze the activities of the courts on a quarterly basis in order the improvement the state of court cases consideration and the rational use of budget funds. It is emphasized that an important subject of the organizational structure for court evaluation is the working group, the minimum composition of which includes one judge and one employee of the court apparatus. It was concluded that the given organizational structure unreasonably bypasses the head of the court, who takes part in the organization of complex court evaluation and is interested in its effective functioning. It is emphasized that the head of the court organizes the maintenance of court statistics in the court, which indicates the existence of such an administrative-legal form of court evaluation as the collection and study of statistical information. The peculiarities of the survey of citizens, judges and employees of the court apparatus as an administrative and legal form of court evaluation are considered. It was noted that, taking into account the importance of the integrity of judges and court staff for the effective operation of the court, it is appropriate to single out the evaluation of corruption risks among the administrative-legal forms of court evaluation.
Effective ensuring economic security of Ukraine by improving the taxation system
Authors: Slastonenko O. , Tistechok A.
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to an important topic of the development of our state, namely, the improvement of the taxation system as the main lever of the effective functioning of the economic security of Ukraine. Special attention in this study is paid to the concept of economic security of the state and its components. The article determined that today it is very important to pay attention to the formation of national security, namely its economic component and effective taxation system. Proper functioning of the taxation system is one of the components for ensuring the economic security of Ukraine. It was determined that the taxation system occupies a leading place in the system of economic security of Ukraine, as it supports not only the public order of the state, but also provides various spheres of public life, the defense of the country, etc. Today, scientists focus on the general conditions of tax administration to ensure the tax security of the state and on defining the essence of the category of tax security. However, the issues of the tax burden and its impact on economic activity and taxpayers' incomes remain unresolved. The role of taxes is decisive for ensuring the vital activity of any state, because they are not only the main source of the revenue part of the budget, but are also included in all links of the financial system. Taxes act as a factor of financial security, as they contribute to such a state of the financial system, which creates conditions for the socio-economic stability of society, the state, regions, enterprises and citizens. In our opinion, in order to ensure the economic security of Ukraine by improving the taxation system, it is necessary to improve the work of all bodies involved in this area.

As a result of the conducted research, it was determined that in order to effectively ensure economic security in the state, in our opinion, it is necessary to implement those measures and apply ways that will ensure the economic security of the country by improving the taxation system. At the current stage, scientists have developed many approaches to clarify the essence of economic security. All proposed ways of improving the taxation system will be able to ensure the growth of Ukraine's economy.
Prevention of interference in the activities of judicial bodies
Authors: Yakovleva V.
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to the criminological knowledge of one of the most widespread negative manifestations in the sphere of justice in Ukraine in the form of the phenomenon of interference in the activities of judicial bodies (Article 376 of the Criminal Code). Using the results of theoretical and empirical (materials of criminal proceedings; expert survey of four groups of respondents) research, a system for preventing the specified criminal offenses is proposed. It is emphasized that non-punitive (criminological) influence on this socio-legal phenomenon is more effective compared to punitive (criminal-legal) means of combating it. It is proposed to include areas and measures of general social, special criminological and victimological prevention in the system of prevention of interference in the activity of courts. Attribution of the general social level to the determining directions of prevention of the phenomenon under consideration is argued. It is noted that the structure of general prevention is determined by the specifics of the sphere of justice and includes: measures to strengthen guarantees of independence of judges; measures within the scope of judicial reform; reforming spheres and bodies related to justice (political system, prosecutor's office, advocacy, socio-cultural sphere). Special prevention is based on organizational and managerial, informational, regulatory and technical measures. A special emphasis is placed on the need to implement victimological prevention measures. It concerns the development and improvement of the existing professional skills of judges, necessary to protect their independent status, as well as to prevent their initial, as well as repeated, victimization. It is emphasized that the effectiveness of preventing this phenomenon correlates with the breadth and depth of implementation of established international and European standards of independence of judicial bodies in the sphere of justice of Ukraine.
The place and significance of the judicial system in the law enforcement policy of the state
Authors: Mitrofanov І.
Published: February 2023

The article examines the question of the place and importance of the court in law enforcement policy due to the lack of a unified approach to this issue in modern legal literature. It is noted that this leads to ignoring the true essence of the judicial system and its importance in the development of an effective law enforcement policy of the modern state. At the same time, one can criticize the fact that courts and judicial bodies do not belong to the law enforcement system of Ukraine and it is not possible to talk about any law enforcement policy of the judicial system. That is why appropriate explanations about the meaning of the court in modern conditions, based on the realities of our future (post-war) life, and in the conditions of military confrontation, are necessary. That is why the purpose of the article is to determine the place and clarify the role played by the court in law enforcement policy in Ukraine. It is established that the court as a body of judicial power performs a law enforcement function through the relevant powers to implement the function of legal protection established by normative legal acts. Examples of the participation of the judicial system in the formation of law enforcement policy of the state are considered. It is concluded that the implementation of the legal positions of the Supreme Court, as well as the activity of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine in recognizing unconstitutional norms of law, allow to ensure the protection of citizens’ rights by the state through the judicial system. In addition, in accordance with part 6 of art. 13 of the Law of Ukraine «On the Judiciary and the Status of Judges», conclusions regarding the application of legal norms set forth in the Supreme Court’s rulings are taken into account by other courts when applying these legal norms. In our opinion, these are all elements of law enforcement policy on the part of the judicial system, which is implemented in legal positions on the interpretation of legal norms, which allow protection of the rights and freedoms of people and legal entities. These areas of activity of judicial bodies as a whole affect law enforcement policy, both directly within the scope of their activities and through interaction with other law enforcement bodies (National Police, Prosecutor's Office, Customs, persons and bodies that execute court decisions, etc.) on the republican and international level levels, which allows to coordinate and improve law enforcement procedures, to produce the most effective means of protection and protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens.
Comparative analyses of unjust enrichment law in the foreign legislation systems
Authors: Kotlyar O. , Kovalyova M.
Published: February 2023

Development of integration processes in the conditions of international globalization, and wide-spread usage of various international electronic payments systems lead to a situation when facts of unjust enrichment can cross borders and become a wide-spread international phenomenon.

Purpose of this article is to analyze approaches to what is qualified as «unjust enrichment» in the area of law and jurisdiction in the forerign countries and discussing main issues raising when defining the term.

In the article the emphasis underscores the fact that in the contemporary law-based systems the possibility of breaking a balance of interests of the participants as a result of unjust move of assets, is directly addressed by existing laws or is considered by court on the ground of unfair gain. The main rule that regulates such law collisions in situations that define governing principles in case of unjust enrichment, is the legislation system of the country where such collision takes place.

It is also stated that these days obligations arising from becoming an unintentional party gained from the unjust enrichment are defined separately from commercial or civil law. It is also emphasized that establishing such a regulatory mechanism has been based on a long period of evolution in understanding the essence of what should be considered an unjust enrichment.
Constitutional and legal basis of the organization and functioning of the prosecutor’s office: general provisions
Authors: Berch V.
Published: February 2023

The scientific article is devoted to the study of the constitutional and legal foundations of the organization and functioning of the prosecutor’s office.

It has been established that the determination of the constitutional and legal foundations of the organization and functioning of the prosecutor’s office is a cornerstone for establishing the essential features of the specified legal institution, the study of which is extremely important both for legal science and in a practical sense. Along with this, the specified problem is the subject of scientific discussions and has not gained its unequivocal vision among modern researchers. Today, scientists have different approaches to the issue of fundamental principles in this area, which is due to the development of science and law and social relations as a whole.

It was determined that under the constitutional and legal principles of the organization and activity of the prosecutor’s office, as a rule, modern researchers understand the fundamental guiding requirements regarding the functional purpose of the prosecutor’s office, the construction of the system of its bodies and the specifics of its activities, which are reflected in the current legislation.

It has been noted that the peculiarities of the constitutional and legal foundations of the organization and activities of the prosecutor’s office are that they: a) are closely related and interact with each other, and also constitute a single integrated system; b) have a multi-level character, where the foundation (base) is the general principles of law.

It has been established that cross-industry principles are also considered important in determining the foundations of the organization and activities of the prosecutor’s office, among which the principle of competitive justice, transparency, equality of trial participants before the court, justified protection of the state’s interests in the judicial procedure, etc., occupy a key place.

It was determined that reforming the institution of the prosecutor’s office in Ukraine requires compliance of the said legal institution with basic European values, which, in turn, provide for: the prosecutor’s office taking its place in the system of protection of human rights and freedoms, taking into account the human rights direction of the functions of the prosecutor’s office; the existence of a proper procedure for forming the staff of the prosecutor’s office; systematic improvement of legal knowledge, skills and abilities of prosecutors using the principle of continuous education; the need for effective prosecutorial self-government bodies; the need for prosecutors to strictly comply with the requirements of professional ethics; raising the level of legal awareness and legal culture of prosecutors.
On the issue of legal liability for war crimes
Authors: Fesenko O. , Kozakova І. , Shnypko O.
Published: February 2023

The article examines the issues of legal liability for war crimes. The article aims to analyze certain provisions of the current legislation on legal liability for military offenses. The author analyzes the current legislation providing for legal provisions for military administrative and criminal offenses, as well as the provisions of the draft new version of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.

The analysis of the legislation on legal liability for military offenses shows that it needs to be improved. The significant increase in military crime between 2014 and the present requires bringing certain provisions of the statutes of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, the Code of Administrative Offenses, and the Criminal Code of Ukraine in line with the needs of today. Currently, there is a request from military authorities and military command for more effective legislation in the military sphere, the legal norms of which would contribute to a more effective fight against military crime, one of the ways of which should be the prevention of military offenses.

The article draws attention to the need for a more effective mechanism for combating war crime aimed at preventing military offenses. The scientific analysis is prompted by the issues of further legislative improvement of the norms providing for legal liability for military offenses.
Agrarian extractivism in Latin America. Libro editado por Ben McKay, Alberto Alonso-Fradejas, Arturo Ezquerro-Cañete
Authors: Cano Castellanos Ingreet Juliet
Published: February 2023

Dentro de la reciente y abundante literatura sobre extractivismo en Latinoamérica, las contribuciones bibliográficas específicamente abocadas a reflexionar los referentes empíricos, los contornos teóricos y las apuestas analíticas enmarcables en la categoría agroextractivismo son, en cierto sentido, menos numerosas. La compilación editada por McKay, Alonso-Fradejas y Ezquerro-Cañete evidencia cómo la mencionada literatura interpela a investigadores e investigadoras con recientes trabajos en contextos rurales latinoamericanos, en los que se reflexiona y habla de varias maneras sobre el agroextractivismo en el continente. Esta reseña revisa los contenidos de esta obra sin perder de vista las discusiones que sostienen autoras y autores al participar en la reflexión colectiva, pero también explora algunas de las preguntas que quedan abiertas para más y nuevas investigaciones.
Justicia juvenil en una perspectiva organizacional: configuraciones de líneas de montaje
Authors: Gonçalves Vitor , Silveira Andréa Maria , Sapori Luís Flávio
Published: February 2023

La investigación compara el funcionamiento de la justicia juvenil en dos jurisdicciones de Minas Gerais (Brasil): una en la capital y otra en el interior del país. Se analizaron las implicaciones de estos modelos para prácticas, decisiones de los actores, resultados de los procesos y flujos. Se combinaron audiencias, entrevistas, lectura de expedien-tes y análisis de los resultados de los procesos. En la capital, la justicia es casi “instantánea”. En el interior, la eficiencia se garantiza mediante acuerdos y conexiones interpersonales entre agentes. Se concluyó que ambas jurisdicciones funcionan como líneas de montaje informales. La diferencia es que, en la capital, las interacciones informales son inducidas por mecanismos institucionales, mientras que en el interior tienen un contenido eminentemente personal.
La percepción de desigualdad económica y su influencia sobre la justificación de las diferencias de ingreso legítimas
Authors: Iturra Julio , Castillo Juan Carlos , Rufs Orellana Catalina , Maldonado Luis
Published: February 2023

Se analiza el efecto de información sobre desigualdad econó­mica sobre la justificación de desigualdad salarial. Usando un experimento a través de encuestas en una muestra del área metropolitana de Santiago de Chile (n=732), se busca replicar los resultados de Kris-Stella Trump (2018) sobre la justificación de brechas salariales. Los resultados muestran que la información sobre salarios reales no impacta la medida de justificación de desigualdad empleada por Trump. Se evidenció que la información sobre desigualdad salarial incrementa la justificación de brechas salariales según ocupaciones de alto y bajo estatus, lo cual potencia la exposición conjunta hacia la justificación del sistema. Se discuten las limitaciones metodológicas del estudio e implicancias en el mismo de las preferencias distributivas.
Urf In The Charity Culture Perspective In Bima
Authors: Oktaviany Mega , Nordin Nadhirah , Embong Rahimah
Published: February 2023

Budaya sedekah merupakan fenomena penting dalam memperbaiki tatanan ekonomi dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Sebab, secara teori berbicara tentang sedekah, akan memperluas makna karena memiliki hukum yaitu bersifat mubah, yang dikerjakan mendapat pahala dan tidak dikerjakan tidak mempunyai dampak apa-apa. Namun ketika dijadikan budaya akan berdampak besar, tidak hanya kepada pribadi, tetapi juga seluruh masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat praktek sedekah yang dibudayakan dengan menggunakan kacamata hukum Islam yaitu ‘urf.  Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif yaitu selain wawancara informan di lapangan, juga dari dokumen-dokumen sejarah kerajaan Bima. Adapan hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat empat bentuk praktek sedekah di Bima yaitu sedekah teka ra ne’e, sedekah tola bala, sedekah kaneo arujiki (memudahkan rezeki), dan sedekah ntadi ro ntedi (usaha pertanian). Praktek tolong menolong dan gotong royong di Bima merupakan budaya sedekah termasuk kepada ‘urf yang shahih dan hukumnya mubah, karena sudah memenuhi Syarat dan ketentuan ‘urf.
Study on the Possibilities of Optimizing the Exploitation of Mechanical Eccentric Presses Based on a Mathematical Model
Authors: Burlacu Corneliu
Published: February 2023

This paper presents a method for optimizing the exploitation of mechanical eccentric presses based on a mathematical model. This model has been completed with a graphic interface, through which a whole series of constructive and functional parameters can be modified, such as: the radius of the crank, the length of the connecting rod, the mass of the connecting rod, the mass of the pulley, the transfer ratio between the electric motor and the flywheel, the moment of inertia of the flywheel, the parameters of the electric motor, the moment of friction, the force of friction, the initial force of deformation, the final force of deformation, the crank angle corresponding to the beginning of the plastic deformation operation, the thickness of the semi-finished product, the sampling frequency, etc. Also, the graphic interface allows the simulation of two types of operating regimes (single strokes and repeated strokes) as well as two variants of numerical integration (Simpson and Runge-Kutta).
Tensile Behavior of the Experimental CuAlZn Alloys
Authors: Plăcintă Constantin , Stanciu Sergiu , Petrescu Tudor-Cristian , Cârlescu Aurelian , Doroftei Corneliu , Leontie Liviu , Costescu Elena
Published: February 2023

Shape memory alloys (SMA in short) exhibit a series of properties which are very different compared to regular metallic materials. One of their main characteristic is the ability to change their geometric shape when subjected to an increase from a low to a high temperature. In certain conditions, this shape change can be reversible, such that the material can “memorize” two geometric shapes: the high temperature shape (the “warm” shape) and the low temperature shape (the “cold” shape). These transformations occur due to an effect known as shape memory effect (SME in short). Moreover, through SME, the material is able to produce mechanical work when shifting from the “cold” shape to the “warm” one [1].

The discovery of these alloys is linked to the highlighting of a specific property which actually pertains to only several of said alloys (being uncommon for a metallic material) and which is known as “rubber-type behavior”.

Many types of SMAs are very expensive, due to their composition (which includes noble metals) and their complex manufacturing technologies.. The most commonly encountered alloys nowadays are Ni-Ti, Cu-Al-Zn and Cu-Al-Ni which are employed in a plethora of practical applications.
The European map of artificial intelligence development policies: a comparative analysis
Authors: Woszczyna Karolina , Mania Karolina
Published: February 2023

Objective

The aim of this paper is to discuss the management aspect of artificial intelligence development policy by the national regulators of the 27 European Union (EU) member states. The solutions formulated by three of them—Germany, France (as a pioneers), and Poland—are analyzed in depth.

Conclusions

The obtained results allow us to conclude that out of 27 EU countries, only one has not yet prepared its strategic project on artificial intelligence (AI) development, while among the existing policies one can find significant differences in the approach to the matter of strategic management.

Methodology

The research methods used are content analysis and comparative analysis of selected source documents. In the course of the deliberations presented, key legal acts concerning the areas of AI and modern technologies are cited.

Practical applications

The presented work formulates a starting point for further research and directions of changes in the management of AI development policy. The attention of subsequent researchers should focus on the possibility of a detailed analysis of other documents published by EU member states, a comparison of policies of other countries across the world, and even an attempt to examine the global dimension of AI strategies.

Originality

The article addresses the problem of creating law only following, rather than preceding, the emergence of technological changes, the lack of systemic regulation of AI tools and mechanisms, as well as the absence of integrated forms of international cooperation with a strategic and long-term dimension.
Overview of Machinability of Titanium Alloy (Ti6Al4V) and Selection of Machining Parameters
Authors: Gandreddi J. P. , Kromanis A. , Lungevics J. , Jost E.
Published: February 2023

Machining of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V is a challenging task for the industry; however, there are some solutions to overcome these difficulties. One of those is optimizing the machining parameters. Machining of Ti6Al4V made by additive manufacturing is an emerging future and is even more difficult when comparing to standard Ti6Al4V alloy. There is lot of invention on Ti6AL4V 3D printed samples, but influence of machining post-printing is lacking. In additive manufacturing of Ti6Al4V alloy, it is necessary to make a finishing operation to improve the surface quality and to ensure precise geometry tolerances. During this process, it may affect the workpiece properties such as microhardness, microstructure, internal defect distribution, internal stresses. During printing there are lots of stresses created, heat treatment is done to normalize the parts. Machining (using milling machine) also causes internal stresses which can damage the surface and part itself. Optimisation of machining parameters and printing parameters can solve this issue. This study gives an overview of selection of machining parameters by considering all the previous relevant research.
Numerical Study of the Soil-Structure Interaction Considering the Dynamic Response of the Soil
Authors: Gheorghe Alexandra-Claudia
Published: February 2023

This paper presents the process of modeling a structure using the finite element method. There are two approaches through which the seismic behavior of structures can be modeled. Generally, the analysis of seismic behavior assumes the structures have a fixed base. The second method to model and analyze the seismic behavior of structures involves considering the soil-structure interaction by modeling the soil underneath the building. This paper also presents a comparison of the results of two finite element simulations, one of them considering the structure has a fixed base and the other having a flexible base. The results have shown that the fixed base model leads to higher frequencies and uneven distribution of stresses compared with the results of the flexible base model.
A SUPERIMPOSED VALVELESS MICROPUMP USING NEW CHANNELS FOR OPTIMAL DRUG DELIVERY
Authors: Slami Ahmed , Soulimane Sofiane
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we propose a valveless micropump with an improved inlet/outlet channel configuration for biomedical applications. To do so, we added curved parts known as "ears" to a standard diffuser/nozzle shape. This new design will enlarge the flow rate values between both directions for the purpose of improving the valveless micropump efficiency. After that, the new channel is incorporated into a double valveless micropump superimposed on each other making the diaphragm in sandwich. This kind of micropump shows no reflux at its common outlet and good reliability due to the new design of the diffuser/nozzle channel. COMSOL Multiphysics software is used to model and simulate, under Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) physic, the complete system of the superimposed valveless micropump (SVM). The results are promising and show that our kind of micropump is necessary for medication injection because of the no backflow at its common outlet, and also because of the increase in its efficiency.
THE EFFECT OF THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES ON NONLINEAR THERMAL-SOLUTAL CONVECTIVE FLOW OF CASSON NANOFLUID OVER AN INCLINED SURFACE WITH HIGHER ORDER CHEMICAL REACTION
Authors: Lanre Oyekunle Timothy , Taiwo Akolade Mojeed , Ademola Agunbiade Samson
Published: February 2023

The combined effect of Soret-Dufour, higher-order chemical reaction and variable thermophysical properties on nonlinear thermal and solutal convective flow of a non-Newtonian fluid (Casson nanofluid) over a slanted surface is analyzed. The nonlinear dimensionless equations governing the fluid flow are transformed into ordinary differential equations, using suitable similarity transformation variables. The flow fields and some characteristic numerical results are obtained from these equations, using collocation method with assumed Legendre functions of the first kind. These results are presented in the form of graphs and tables showing the impact of various parameters on the fluid flow, heat and mass characteristics. It is observed that a rise in chemical reaction parameter decreases the nanoparticle volume fraction while a higher order of chemical reaction makes it elevated. The velocity increases and temperature decreases with a rise in nonlinear thermal convection and higher value of nonlinear solutal convection has effect on the rise of velocity distribution.
Physicochemical quality evaluation and drying characteristics of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) dried in a solar tunnel dryer with biomass backup
Authors: Jayashree E , Joseph Desmond
Published: February 2023

Experiments on drying of nutmeg was performed in a solar tunnel dryer with biomass back up and in a mechanical dryer under three varying temperatures of 45OC, 5OC and 55OC. Drying of nutmeg in solar tunnel dryer was completed in 147 h, while in a mechanical dryer, drying was completed in 105 h, 102 h and 78 h at drying temperatures of 45OC, 50OC and 55OC, respectively. Solar tunnel dried nutmeg had maximum physical quality retention of bulk density (484.88 kg m-3) and kernel recovery (70.63%) whereas dry recovery of nut (61.88%) and shell recovery (31.55%) were maximum in mechanically dried samples at 55OC and 45OC respectively. Secondary metabolites like essential oil (10.67%) and oleoresin (23.25%) were higher in mechanically dried nutmeg at a drying temperature of 45OC. Volatile oil constituents like β-pinene, safrole, terpineol, γ-terpinene, α-thujene, α-terpinene and myristicin content were highest in solar tunnel dried nutmeg.
Uso abusivo de telas na infância e suas consequências
Authors: Sousa Lucas Lopes , Carvalho José Bégue Moreira de
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar as consequências do uso abusivo de telas por crianças de até 6 anos. Métodos: Foi executada uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura. Os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde utilizados em inglês, foram: screen time, television, child. As bases de dados utilizadas foram: Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), National Library of Medicine (PUBMED) e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE). Resultados: observou-se consequências significativas tais como: alterações no desenvolvimento cognitivo, da fala e psicossocial, alterações nas métricas do sono, prejuízo no desenvolvimento de memória de trabalho, surgimento de sintomas psiquiátricos, acúmulo de tecido adiposo em região abdominal e relação com piora do quadro de pacientes já diagnosticados com Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH). Considerações finais: Exposição às telas de maneira exagerada causa impacto negativo no desenvolvimento das crianças. Logo, é indispensável controle na utilização destas tecnologias desde o primeiro contato, além de uma supervisão ativa.
A relação da insuficiência renal aguda com a COVID-19
Authors: Júnior Osvaldo Bezerra Damião , Silva Bárbara Margarida Gurgel da , Ferreira Isabelly de Souza , Lopes Graciana de Sousa , Laborda Emilly Beatriz Corrêa , Lima Lucas Albuquerque de , Fonseca Quesia Lima da , Lima Ednelton Conceição de , Neto Wilson Duarte da Silva
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: Estabelecer a relação da insuficiência renal aguda (IRA) em pacientes com COVID-19, deste modo identificando seus aspectos clínicos, laboratoriais e os cuidados de enfermagem para o melhoramento da assistência ao paciente. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa nalisar a relação da IRA em pacientes com COVID-19, tendo como bases: SciELO, LILACS, PubMed e Free Medical Journal, sendo designado por 15 artigos após o ciclo de escolha. Resultados: Conforme a análise da literatura pesquisada, foi obtida a associação da IRA com COVID-19, através dos parâmetros e marcadores que objetivaram esta pesquisa mostrando o aumento significativo da prevalência do agravamento e um prognóstico desfavorável do paciente. Considerações finais: A pesquisa é necessária para ampliar o debate sobre o processo da relação da IRA em pacientes com COVID-19, sobre os aspectos que levam a complicação renal. Bem como o papel da enfermagem no processo assistencial para a prevenção e cuidado da Lesão Renal Aguda (LRA).
Grave’s disease in a case of Goldenhar syndrome
Authors: Shanbhag Neha Rajendra , Mruthyunjay S. , Bhattacharyya Shaila , Jayashri M. N.
Published: February 2023

Goldenhar syndrome (GS) is a malformation complex that involves structures arising from the first and second branchial arches. Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder resulting in the excessive production of thyroid hormones and is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in children. We are reporting this case since the clinical association of Graves’ disease in GS has never been reported before and is a rare association of the syndrome. An 11-year-old developmentally normal child presented to us with swelling in front of her neck for the past 6 months associated with loss of weight, increased appetite, increased frequency of defecation, and palpitations. On examination, there was diffuse swelling in the thyroid region that moved with deglutition and did not move with protrusion of the tongue. The child also had an asymmetrical face with bilateral conjunctival dermoid and bilateral preauricular skin tag and pretragal sinus tract on the left side. Hence, a provisional diagnosis of goitre with features of hyperthyroidism in a child with first and second branchial arch syndrome was considered. Technetium 99 scan confirmed diagnosis of Graves’ disease. The child was started on carbimazole and propranolol and gradual improvement in symptoms noted. Propranolol was given for 3 months until symptoms such as palpitations and anxiety subsided and then stopped. Carbimazole was continued.
Academic productivity of Iraqi medical students in the field of neurosurgery: A literature review
Authors: Ismail Mustafa , Algburi Hagar A. , Al-Khazaal Younus M. , Daily Sadik K. , Mohsin Huda E. , Jaafar Huda , AbdulWahid Jaafer , Andaluz Norberto , Hoz Samer S.
Published: February 2023

Background:

The interest in clinical research is growing worldwide, and the involvement of medical students in academic and clinical research is increasing. Medical students in Iraq have started to focus on academic activities. However, this trend is in its infancy due to limited resources and the war burden. Their interest in the field of Neurosurgery has been evolving recently. This is the first paper that aims to assess the status of the academic productivity of Iraqi medical students within the neurosurgical field.

Methods:

We searched the PubMed Medline database and Google scholar between January 2020 and December 2022 with a different combination of keywords. Additional results were obtained by individually searching for all the medical universities in Iraq that participated in the neurosurgical literature.

Results:

Between January 2020 and December 2022, 60 neurosurgical publications included Iraqi medical students. 47 Iraqi medical students from 9 universities (the University of Baghdad 28 students, followed by 6 students from the University of Al-Nahrain, and others) were involved in these 60 neurosurgery publications. The topics of these publications are “vascular neurosurgery” (n= 36) followed by “neurotrauma” (n= 11).

Conclusion:

Academic productivity of Iraqi medical students in the field of Neurosurgery has surged in the last 3 years. In the past 3 years, 47 Iraqi medical students from nine different Iraqi universities contributed to sixty international neurosurgical publications. However, there are challenges that are required to be tackled to establish a research-friendly environment despite wars and restrained resources.
The first coil embolization ratio is the key factor for retreatment for unruptured cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Nogami Kenshu , Misaki Kouichi , Tsutsui Taishi , Nambu Iku , Kamide Tomoya , Nakada Mitsutoshi
Published: February 2023

Background:

In coil embolization, a high volume embolization ratio prevents recanalization that may require retreatment. However, patients with a high volume embolization ratio may also require retreatment. Patients with inadequate framing with the first coil may experience recanalization of the aneurysm. We analyzed the relationship between embolization ratio of the first coil and recanalization requiring retreatment.

Methods:

We reviewed data from 181 patients with unruptured cerebral aneurysms who underwent initial coil embolization between 2011 and 2021. We retrospectively analyzed the correlation between neck width, maximum aneurysm size, width, aneurysm volume, volume embolization ratio of the framing coil (first volume embolization ratio [1st VER]), and final volume embolization ratio (final VER) of cerebral aneurysms in patients and their retreatment.

Results:

Recanalization requiring retreatment was observed in 13 patients (7.2%). The factors related to recanalization were neck width, maximum aneurysm size, width, aneurysm volume, and 1st VER, but not the final VER. Multivariate analysis of the five factors showed a significant difference in the 1st VER (P = 0.002). The cutoff value for recanalization was a 1st VER of 5.8%. There were 162 cases with a VER ≥ 20% or higher, and the same analysis yielded similar results.

Conclusion:

The 1st VER was significantly correlated with recanalization of cerebral aneurysms requiring retreatment. In coil embolization of unruptured cerebral aneurysms, it is important to achieve an embolization rate of at least 5.8% using a framing coil to prevent recanalization.
Plasticity of the adult circle of Willis in response to flow diversion stents
Authors: Tatit Rafael Trindade , Ogilvy Christopher S. , Shutran Max S. , Tawk Rabih G. , Yasuda Thomas A. , Baccin Carlos Eduardo
Published: February 2023

Background:

We present five patients with remodeling of the adult circle of Willis in response to flow diverter stents (FDSs) at the anterior communicating artery (AComA) and the posterior communicating artery (PComA). The observed changes provide a paradigm of how flow change can institute anatomic changes in the adult circle of Willis vasculature.

Case Description:

In the first two cases, after placement of the FDS covering the AComA, there was an increase in size and flow of the contralateral A1-anterior cerebral artery which had previously been hypoplastic. In one of the cases, this led to the filling of the aneurysm and required placement of coils within the lesion which was curative. In case three, the FDS effect led to asymptomatic occlusion of the PComA and associated aneurysm without change of the ipsilateral P1-segement of posterior-cerebral-artery (P1-PCA) caliber. In the fourth case, the FDS covering an aneurysm with a fetal PCA arising from its neck resulted in significant reduction of the aneurysm size, persistent flow and caliber of the fetal PCA, and the hypoplastic ipsilateral P1-PCA. Finally, in the fifth case, after FDS occlusion of the PComA and aneurysm there was increasement in diameter of the ipsilateral P1-PCA that was previously hypoplastic.

Conclusion:

The use of FDS can affect vessels covered by the device and other arteries of the circle of Willis adjacent to the FDS. The phenomena illustrated in the hypoplastic branches appear to be a compensatory response to the hemodynamic changes induced by the divertor and to the altered flow in the circle of Willis.
SIMULATION OF THE EXCHANGE RATE USING ECONOMIC AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS
Authors: Novoseletskyy Oleksandr , Jurkaitienė Sabina , Melnyk Ostap
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the use of adaptive methods and models, autoregressive models and neural networks in forecasting the exchange rate of the main reserve currencies: the euro, the Swiss franc, the Japanese yen and the British pound against the US dollar. In the course of the research, the works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on this topic were reviewed and it was determined that the most used methods and models in forecasting the exchange rate based on time series are autoregression models (represented by ARIMA and SARIMA models), neural networks (represented by MLP and ELM architectures) and exponential smoothing methods. In the process of building the models, time series were examined for stationarity based on the Dickey-Fuller test and additive decomposition of the studied time series was performed to determine their main components (trend, seasonality, random component). Construction of forecast models was carried out, on the basis of which their comparative analysis took place. The main shortcomings and problems of using the selected methods are demonstrated and the best predictive models are determined. It is determined that the main drawback of all time series forecasting methods is their "adaptability" to the input data, and the desire to improve the estimation characteristics of the models as a result can lead to the fact that the forecasts differ significantly from the actual values. It was also determined that for forecasting the exchange rate of selected currency pairs, neural networks are best suited, which have both high evaluation characteristics and correspondence of the forecast to real values, and the MLP network shows better results compared to the ELM network. High evaluation characteristics are also demonstrated by adaptive models. However, the linear nature of the forecast does not allow adaptive models to make an accurate forecast in the long term. Although autoregressive models show worse estimation characteristics, they outperform neural networks in terms of matching real values for individual currency pairs.
THE INFLUENCE OF METROLOGICAL PROVISION ON THE QUALITY OF PRODUCTS AND ON CHANGES IN OPERATING COSTS OF THE CONSUMER AND THE PRODUCER
Authors: Holomovzyi Viktor , Kalynovska Nataliia
Published: February 2023

The main methodological provisions and recommendations on the impact of metrological support of technical indicators of product quality on changes in operating costs of the consumer and the producer are presented in the article. Revolutionary changes in engineering and technology lead to fully automated production where control over all processes is realized in real time taking into account changing external conditions. Cyber physical systems create virtual copies of the physical world objects, control physical processes and make decentralized decisions. They can be combined into one network, interact in real-time mode, can be self-corrected and self-educated. Experts highlight several basic technologies, implementation of which is expected to result in revolutionary changes. Therefore, today, a metrological toolkit for tracking and verifying the mechanized factory system not only ensures a high level of safety, reliability and its operability, but also creates value in business processes. As a result, it becomes a strategic focus for companies and requires a comprehensive approach. In the process of the life cycle, the factory system of machines can be in a number of conditions: working, faulty, unworking, other marginal states. Organizational and technical metrological systems, which are used in the control and regulation of the factory system of machines, as a rule, require certain material and financial resources. Accordingly, this leads to changes in certain items of economic costs for a product manufacturer as well as its consumer. Therefore, metrological support of equipment, machines and aggregates gains particular importance as well as the process of their restoration. Thus, the task of organizing equipment technical maintenance not only preserves the appropriate level of suitability throughout the whole period of operation, that is acceptable probability of special situations occurrence caused by malfunctions of equipment, machines, aggregates and other complex subsystems, but also the ability to determine the level of error of a particular state of the system of machines. In other words, metrological support is required in the systems of machine functioning management and this changes the philosophy of the approach to recovery, and accordingly, the task of merological service. The quality of the technical condition of modern factory system of machines must be provided, mainly by maintenance methods according to the technical condition. The use of metrological methods requires constant control of the level of suitability of equipment, machines, aggregates and other complex aggregates in operation, as well as early detection of negative trends in their technical condition.