bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The importance of Biotechnology in the health area: historical overview and future perspectives
Authors: Silva Jhonatan Miguel , Massabni Antonio Carlos
Published: February 2020

A biotecnologia, em sentido amplo, compreende a manipulação de microrganismos, plantas e animais, com a proposta de obter processos e produtos de interesse da sociedade. Embora o termo tenha surgido no início do século XX, os processos biotecnológicos estão presentes desde os tempos antigos na produção de alimentos e bebidas fermentados. A biotecnologia também está presente desde o início da medicina. A inalação de pó de feridas de varíola humana secas ao sol ou a secreção do úbere de vacas contaminadas com varíola bovina são exemplos de técnicas antigas usadas como métodos de imunização da doença. Nesse sentido, muitos tratamentos surgiram ao longo do tempo, como vacinas, produção de penicilina, o primeiro antibiótico e produção de insulina por DNA recombinante, que revolucionaram a Medicina e possibilitaram uma melhor qualidade de vida para os seres humanos. Muitos produtos e materiais da Biotecnologia ainda estão surgindo, como andaimes em Medicina Regenerativa para recuperação de tecido ósseo, tubos de celulose bacteriana usados como vasos sanguíneos artificiais, células-tronco pluripotentes induzidas e sistemas microfisiológicos, que prometem melhorar ainda mais a medicina moderna e fornecer melhores técnicas e técnicas. terapias para vários tratamentos.
Invalid Entry in the Uniform State Register of Legal Entities: Consequences of Inaccurate Data in the Register and Measures of Protection of Bona Fide Entities
Authors: Shukhareva Anna Vasil'evna
Published: February 2020

The subject of the research is the analysis of implementation of the public accuracy principle to the Uniform State Register of Legal Entities and legal consequences of inaccurate entries. The author of the article analyzes how a state entry can be declared invalid and associated decisions can be made. The author also studies judicial experience in declaring entries made by the Tax Inspection of Russia in the Uniform State Register as invalid based on the analysis of 'nominee director' cases. These cases included registration of a legal entity as a physical entity using passport information of an individual who had received a certain payment and cases when criminals steal personal information. In the course of her research Shukhareva has applied the following research methods: analysis and synthesis, systems approach, structural functional and formal legal analysis. The results of the research demonstrate that to declare an entry as invalid in cases of 'nominee director', it is first necessary to initiate a criminal case according to Article 170.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and make a procedural decision. The author concludes that criminal prosecution proves the fact that a legal entity which registration is disputed does not have a competence to manage or be recognized as a bona fide entity. Criminal measures combine with civil measures and even influence efficiency of one another. In cases when an individual becomes a nominal director not by his will but as a result of wrong actions of the third parties, it is possible to recognize invalid entry in the Uniform State Regiser of Legal Entities by appealing procedural decisions due to the absence of a violator. 
Risks and Ethical-Legal Models of Using Artificial Intelligence Systems
Authors: Bakhteev Dmitrii V.
Published: February 2020

The matter under research of the legal patterns of interaction between the society and individuals and artificial intelligence technologies. Elements of the matter under research is the technological grounds for functioning of artificial intelligence systems, potential risks and negative consequences of using this technology based on the example of intellectual processing personal data and autonomous vehicles and weapon systems, ethical and legal approaches to its regulation. Bakhteev analyzes approaches to describing positions of artificial intelligence systems and whether these systems have personalities and thus certain rights. The research is based on the method of modelling that is used to describe stages of ethical-legal research of artificial intelligence technology. The author also describes different kinds of responses of the society to the development of the aforesaid technology. The main conclusions of the research is the description of stages of artificial intelligence studies, in particular, analysis of the technology itself, associated risks and responses of the society and creation of ethical and then legal grounds for regulation of this technology. The author gives the results of the analysis of possible ethical-legal models of subjectivity of artificial intelligence systems from the point of view of the need and possibility to grant them certain rights. These models include instrumental, tolerant, xenophobic and empathetic. The author also states the main provisions of the code of ethics for developer and user of artificial intelligence systems. 
Collagen – structure, function and distribution in orodental tissues
Authors: D’souza Zaneta , Chettiankandy Tabita Joy , Ahire (Sardar) Manisha S. , Thakur Arush , Sonawane Sarang G. , Sinha Anuradha
Published: February 2020

Collagens are a large family of triple helical proteins which are found extensively throughout the body. They form the basic framework of the extracellular matrix providing support and form to cells and tissues. They are important for various functions such as angiogenesis, morphogenesis, cell adhesion, repair, and regeneration. In this article, we have focused our discussion to the structure, the synthesis, and the degradation of collagen followed by its distribution and function in various oral tissues.
Advanced diagnostic aids in dental caries – A review
Authors: Srilatha Adepu , Doshi Dolar , Kulkarni Suhas , Reddy Madupu Padma , Bharathi Vimal
Published: February 2020

Dental caries is a result of shift in the balance of mineral loss and gain, leading to more changes in the tooth structure, which cannot be accepted as healthy but should be considered as pathological. This change of dental caries from a physiological process to pathology is continuous and affected by numerous variables and also there is a lack of a definite boundary line between health and disease. The progression of non cavitated lesions seems to be slower, allowing preventive strategies to be implemented when the lesions have the greatest opportunity to arrest. Thus, early and accurate detection and diagnosis of dental caries are an important component of the overall management of dental patient. Advanced diagnostic modalities available to clinicians today expand greatly on the foundation of a comprehensive visual assessment, which has been and will be the cornerstone of the diagnostic process.
Appropriateness of various behavior rating scales used in pediatric dentistry: A Review
Authors: Narayan V. K. , Samuel S. R.
Published: February 2020

A youngster’s response to dental treatment may greatly facilitate or hinder the course and quality of treatment provided. Numerous children tend to experience various clinical levels of anxiety and some will go on to develop as an anxiety disorder. Estimates suggest that approximately 10–25% of the population may experience an anxiety disorder at some time. Without adequate tools to measure the levels of anxiety in children, it is not possible to isolate the problem and give them the early attention they need. Problems which have arisen in using rating scales typically involve difficulties related to reliability, validity, and measurement level. The major drawbacks of the rating system lie in possible undetected bias and misrepresentation of data. The scorer weighs the evidence on which the rating is based on a complex manner which is not easily specified, standardized, or objectified. The present review was carried out to understand the clinical significance of various behavior rating scales practiced over the years in pediatric practice.
Evaluation of competency and willingness of junior residents to provide oral care for people living with HIV and AIDS in satellite treatment centers
Authors: Kang Ng
Published: February 2020

Objectives:

Oral health care to people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is usually neglected due to the social stigma and the fear of cross infection. Hence, this study aimed to assess the knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS and the attitude of junior residents in providing oral care to PLWHA.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional questionnaire was administered to 96 junior dental residents in our institute, who were providing oral care at peripheral dental centers. Subjects answered a question “will you be willing to provide oral care on your free will if you knew the patient has HIV/AIDS” either “yes” or “no;” followed by questionnaire assessing knowledge on HIV/AIDS, and its oral manifestations and Medical Condition Regard Scale were used for assessing the attitude of residents.

Results:

Of the 96, only four reported to treat HIV/AIDS patients willingly; only 2% of residents have ever treated HIV/AIDS patients. More than 70% of them did not know the protocol in case of needle prick or blood splatter and post-exposure prophylaxis. However, the knowledge regarding oral manifestation of HIV/AIDS was satisfactory. The attitude of the residents was more negative (median=3.02) toward treating HIV/AIDS patients.

Conclusion:

Knowledge regarding post-exposure protocol was poor and it is high time that special care dentistry is included as part of the dental curriculum to increase awareness and knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS; and we do recommend compulsory postings for junior residents in tertiary hospitals to alleviate the fear, discrimination, and stigmatizing attitude toward HIV/AIDS.
Coronary dominance pattern in Myocardial bridged hearts
Authors: Mohandas G.V.  , Sitansu Ku.Panda
Published: February 2020

Posterior interventricular artery (PIA) present in the posterior interventricular groove over the inferior surface of the heart. Human hearts consist of either  Right coronary predominance or Left coronary predominance. Left coronary predominant people are more prone to get ischemic heart diseases. In left coronary predominance entire left ventricle except a part of the right ventricle adjoining anterior interventricular groove supplied by the left main coronary artery. Left coronary dominance has a poor prognosis in acute coronary syndrome when compared with the right coronary predominance. Myocardial bridging may be benign or malignant. So myocardial bridging with left coronary dominance may be a risk factor to the ischemic heart disease. The aim of the present study is to find out the coronary dominance pattern in myocardial bridged hearts in cadavers. Ninety cadaveric hearts were procured from the Department of Anatomy, IMS & SUM Hospital Bhubaneswar. After a simple dissecting procedure, myocardial bridges and coronary dominance patterns were observed. Myocardial bridging was present over the left anterior interventricular artery in 51(56.7%) hearts. Out of 51 myocardial bridged hearts, right coronary predominance is present in 45 (88.24%) hearts and left coronary predominance present in 6(11.76%) hearts.  Along with the left dominance, if myocardial bridge present over the left epicardial coronary artery, there may be an increased frequency of myocardial ischemia.
THE STRATEGY OF SME / SMIS DEVELOPMENT IN DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Mulyantini Sri , Hidayati Siti , Marlina Marlina
Published: February 2020

This research aims to identify local government strategies in developing MSMEs. A qualitative method with observation techniques, in-depth interviews (depth interviews) and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was applied to obtain primary data. The result was that IFE analysis with a score of 3.02 shows the internal conditions in a good category (the first rank was the marketing factor followed by production and information system factors). The result of the analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats shows that the strategy lied in quadrant I. The right strategy in this quadrant is the aggressive strategy which in this case MSME players could take advantage of opportunities that are supported by internal strengths owned, oriented towards growth strategies. The total EFE matrix score is 3.15. which shows the external conditions are in a good category were in the first rank was the government's partisanship, the business world towards MSMEs, the separation of MSMEs and SMISs, and the availability of capital. The disadvantage is the high level of social and security vulnerability. Based on the QSPM and IFE Matrix, 2 cumulative alternative strategies were obtained with the TAS value of the Product Development Strategy of 2.54 and the TAS value of the Market Development Strategy of 2.78, as the main alternative that should be chosen. Based on QSPM and EFE, the TAS value of the Product Development strategy is 2.3 and the TAS value of the Market Development Strategy is 2.82, becoming the main alternative that should be chosen.
A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF EMPLOYEES’ MOTIVATION FACTORS ON ORGANIZATION : A CASE STUDY FROM ONE COMPANY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Setiawan Danu Ade
Published: February 2020

Due to the vital function of employees in the organizations that leads to both financial and non-financial performance, it is necessary for management to increase the motivation of their employees. Plenty of researches were conducted in past decades in the topic of employees motivation with the purpose of finding the factors that affect the employees’ motivation significantly. This paper examined employees’ motivation factors in one of Indonesia’s state owned company. Through qualitative approaches, in-depth interviews were conducted to eight active employees with a focus on four predetermined motivation factors that are salary, growth opportunity, work-life balance, and reward/recognition. The result found that all of the predetermined factors has an influence on the employees’ motivation in order to perform well in the company. Furthermore, the findings also discover some conditions required to be improved regarding specific employees characteristic such as supervisory level position. In the end, this paper is expected to generate some possible recommendations for organization in order to maintain and increase employees’ motivation.
Impact of Governance on Financial Development: evidence from West Africa
Authors: Abubakar Yahaya Ibrahim , Mustapha Rafiu Ayobanji , Ajiboye Emmanuel Shola
Published: February 2020

The study explores the impacts of governance on financial development in West African countries.Data for the study were obtained from the World Bank Database covering the period from 2006-2017. The variables for governance comprises of the six world governance indicators while financial development was represented by ratio of bank deposit to GDP and domestic credit to private sector. The control variables included in the model are interest rate, inflation, GDP per capita and trade openness. The findings from the study revealed that political stability and absence of violence, and regulatory quality have significant effects on both proxies of financial development. Also, voice and accountability, trade openness and interest rate show significances on the ratio bank deposit to GDP while government effectiveness (negative), rule of law, and control of corruption show significances on domestic credit to private sector. Thus, improving the quality of governance through strengthening legal and institutional frameworks, enforcement of standards and empowering of supervisory agencies, introducing an efficient regulatory environment to facilitate financial inclusion will play significant roles in the pace of financial development in the West Africa region. Keywords: Governance, Financial Development and West Africa
Fundamental Factor Analysis on Stock Returns Based on the Panel Data of LQ'45 Index
Authors: Sumani Sumani
Published: February 2020

This study aims to investigate the influence of fundamental factors on stock returns on the companies listed in the LQ’45 index in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research uses explanatory research design. The population consists of 45 companies listed in the LQ'45 index. The purposive sampling technique is used and collected a total of 23 companies as the sample. The number of samples was 23 companies because these companies consistently formed the LQ'45 index for the 2014-2018 periods. Those companies are fulfilling the criteria which are continually included in the LQ’45 index throughout the analysis period. Thus, the data panels used in this study were as much as 115 observations. Fundamental factors proxies by TATO, MBV, CR, DER, NPM, and EPS. The multiple linear regression analysis is used and the results showed that TATO has a significant positive effect on stock returns, MBV has a significant negative effect on stock returns, while CR, DER, NPM, and EPS have no significant effects on the stock return of LQ’45 index-listed companies.
Risk Factors of Stunting in Children Age 24-59 Months Old
Authors: Alifariki La Ode , Rangki La , Haryati Haryati , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Sukurni Sukurni , Salma Wa Ode
Published: February 2020

Stunting is a short and very short body state that exceeds the Z-Score -2 SD deficit below the median length or height, as measured by height by age or length by age (TB / U or PB / U). Many factors affect the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 24-59 months. The aim of the study is to determine the determinants of the incidence of stunting in infants aged 24-59 months. This type of research is observational analytic using a case-control design. The study population was all mothers who have children aged 24-59 months in the working area of Puuwatu Health Center, Kendari City. The number of sample cases as many as 35 people while the number of control samples as many as 72 people with a sample comparison of 1 case: 2 controls so that the total sample size of 108 people, obtained through purposive sampling. The results showed that mothers who had a height of <150 cm had a risk of 2.6 times having a toddler suffering from stunting compared to mothers who had a height of ≥ 150 cm. Determinants of stunting proxies in the working area of Puuwatu Health Center, Kendari City was maternal height with Exp value = 0.386.
Combination of Deep Breathing Relaxation and Murottal Reducing Post Chemotherapy Nausea Intensity in Nasopharyngeal Cancer (NPC) Patients
Authors: Suryono Agus , Nugraha Fredi Setia , Akbar Fakhruddin , Armiyati Yunie
Published: February 2020

Nasopharyngeal Cancer (NPC) is the 3rd most common type of cancer in Indonesia after cervical and breast cancer. The method for controlling the growth of cancer cells is chemotherapy which has side effects of nausea. Post-chemotherapy nausea makes the patient uncomfortable and if not treated properly will cause complications. Management of nausea can be done with a combination of deep breathing relaxation and murottal.  The objective of the study to analyze the effect of a combination of deep breathing relaxation and murottal on the intensity of nausea in NPC patients after chemotherapy. The research method was a quasi-experiment one group pre-post-test design on 30 samples of post-chemotherapy NPC patients.  The results of the study showed that nausea intensity before and after given a combination of deep breathing and murottal obtained p-value 0,000 (p-value <0.05). There is a significant difference between nausea intensity before and after the combination of deep breathing and murottal relaxation. The combination of deep breathing and murottal breathing can reduce the intensity of nausea in NPC patients after chemotherapy.
Early Detection of Breast Cancer According to Fertile Age Women
Authors: Rahmayani Okta Sri , Permana Ryan Hara , Witdiawati Witdiawati
Published: February 2020

Breast cancer is currently still the leading cause of death in women both in the world and in Indonesia. Fertile age women, a routine of Breast Self-Examination (BSE) can help them detect and prevent mortality from breast cancer. Knowledge is one of the main factors that contribute to the implementation of BSE. This study aims to determine the description of fertile age women’s knowledge regarding the early detection of breast cancer with BSE. This study used a quantitative descriptive design with a population that is the fertile age women in Tegal Panjang Village, Garut. The number of samples is 90 women gained by Cluster Random Sampling with Slovin’s formula. This study used a closed questionnaire consisting of 28 questions. The results showed that most of the fertile age women had a sufficient level of knowledge about early detection of breast cancer. In conclusion, the level of the respondent's knowledge regarding the early detection of breast cancer is still not optimal. This may be influenced by the low level of education and exposure to health education. Optimization of health education and health promotion needs to be done to increase fertile age women’s knowledge about BSE.
The Challenge of Evaluating Virtual Communities of Practice: A Systematic Mapping Study
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Rogerio , Maria de Souza Gimenes Itana , Carlos Maldonado José
Published: February 2020

Aim/Purpose: This paper presents a study of Virtual Communities of Practice (VCoP) evaluation methods that aims to identify their current status and impact on knowledge sharing. The purposes of the study are as follows: (i) to identify trends and research gaps in VCoP evaluation methods; and, (ii) to assist researchers to position new research activities in this domain.

Background: VCoP have become a popular knowledge sharing mechanism for both individuals and organizations. Their evaluation process is complex; however, it is recognized as an essential means to provide evidences of community effectiveness. Moreover, VCoP have introduced additional features to face to face Communities of Practice (CoP) that need to be taken into account in evaluation processes, such as geographical dispersion. The fact that VCoP rely on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to execute their practices as well as storing artifacts virtually makes more consistent data analysis possible; thus, the evaluation process can apply automatic data gathering and analysis.

Methodology: A systematic mapping study, based on five research questions, was carried out in order to analyze existing studies about VCoP evaluation methods and frameworks. The mapping included searching five research databases resulting in the selection of 1,417 papers over which a formal analysis process was applied. This process led to the preliminary selection of 39 primary studies for complete reading. After reading them, we select 28 relevant primary studies from which data was extracted and synthesized to answer the proposed research questions.

Contribution: The authors of the primary studies analyzed along this systematic mapping propose a set of methods and strategies for evaluating VCoP, such as frameworks, processes and maturity models. Our main contribution is the identification of some research gaps present in the body of studies, in order to stimulate projects that can improve VCoP evaluation methods and support its important role in social learning.

Findings: The systematic mapping led to the conclusion that most of the approaches for VCoP evaluation do not consider the combination of data structured and unstructured metrics. In addition, there is a lack of guidelines to support community operators’ actions based on evaluation metrics.
Synthesis Of Mesoporiic Silica From Rice Husk Ash For Pinostrobin Based Drug Delivery
Authors: Wulandari Rifia , Hamdiani Saprini , Ismillayli Nurul
Published: February 2020

A study has been conducted on the synthesis of mesoporous silica as introductory material pinostrobin anticancer compounds. The aim of this study was to synthesis paramagnetic mesoporous silica from rice husk ash waste; knowing the characteristics of silica gel and mesoporous silica from rice husk and the value of adsorption capacity (Q). Based on the results of the study, it was found that mesoporous silica can be synthesized from the rice husk ash waste. Characterization using FTIR produces silanol (Si-OH), and siloxan (Si-O-Si). The use of 30% w/w tartaric acid as a template doesnâ€™t change the functional groups of silica. The optimum conditions of adsorption of pinostrobin compounds by mesoporous silica at the adsorption capacity of 7.049 mg/g. In simulated intestinal fluids (pH 7.4),pinostrobin is released slowly at every hour, then slightly increases at the 10th hour and continues to increase again slowly so that the pinostrobin compound is completely released at 12 hours.
A Naked-Eye Fluoride Ion Recognition Based Vanilin Derivative Chemosensors
Authors: Rahmawati R , Purwono Bambang , Matsjeh Sabirin
Published: February 2020

Two new receptors S2 and S6 were designed and synthesized based on benzimidazole and azo-benzimidazole synthesized from vanillin for the colorimetric detection of fluoride ion. The presence of nitro group in S2 and azo in S6 makes â€“OH  proton (binding site) acidic and therefore it could deprotonate with addition of basic anion such as fluoride. Hydroxyl (â€“OH) functionality which detects basic fluoride ions via hydrogen-bonding mechanism wich is mechanism involved in the color change of receptor R2 and R6, its mean that initial hydrogen bond formation of Fâˆ’ ion with â€“OH group.
Synthesis of Biodegradable Superabsorbent Polymers from Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Humic Acid
Authors: Ismillayli Nurul , Kamali Siti Raudhatul , Hadi Surya , Hermanto Dhony
Published: February 2020

Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) blend has been synthesized from carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), humic acid, and aluminum sulphate octadecahydrate cross-linker.  SAP is hydrophilic networks that can absorb and retain huge amount of water within their structures. Humic acid as starting material of polymer, was isolated from subgrade Batujai Dam by using IHSS method. Water Absorption Capacity (WAC) measurement, FTIR analysis, and agitation tests to investigate the cross-linking process and which of Al3+ and SO42-  ions causes the crosslinking are carried out. Optimum cross-linking ratio of CMC and cross-linker appeared to be 2wt% corresponded to WAC determination. FTIR spectrum of CMC/humic acid blend and agitation test showed that CMC react with humic acid during polymerization process via Al3+ ion.

 

Keywords: carboxymethyl cellulose; Al3+ ion; humic acid; superabsorbent polymer.
Analysis Docking Of Plasmodium Falciparum Enoyl Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase (Pfenr) With Organic Compunds From Virtual Screening Of Herbal Database
Authors: Malau Nya Daniaty , Azzahra St Fatimah
Published: February 2020

Malaria is one of problematic infectious diseases worldwide. The absence of an effective vaccine and the spread of drug resistant strains of Plasmodium clearly indicate the necessity for the deveploment of new chemotherapeutic agents. Recent method being developed is searching a new drug of antimalarial using in silico screening, or also known as virtual screening. One of enzyme target that important for growth of the malaria parasite is Plasmodium falciparum Enoyl Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase (PfENR). Inhibition of this enzyme cause the fatty acid biosynthesis type II will be terminated. In this research, in silico screening was performed using AUTODOCK VINA software to find inhibitor candidates of PfENR by using ligands from the database of Medicinal Plants in Indonesia. On the AUTODOCK VINA software moleculer docking experiments were performed between ligands and macromolecule target PfENR. This target that has been optimized with residue removal and charges addition. Ligand is expected to be the PfENR inhibitors.
Quantitative Analysis Of FË‰ Ion Recognition By A New Chemosensor from Flavon Group
Authors: Rahmawati R , Al-Idrus Syarifa Wahidah , Sari Baiq Nila , Purwono Bambang , Matsjeh Sabirin
Published: February 2020

A new chemosensor S8 compound from the flavon group that has been successfully synthesized. Test its ability as a chemosensor for F- anion, providing positive results that it can recognize F- anion with response to an increase in fluorescent solution. Titration of S8 solution in DMSO solvents was carried out with F- anion at various concentrations and then measurements were made on fluorometry instruments. The fluorescent titration emission spectrum shows that the S8-FË‰ host-guest interaction quantitatively in the form of LOD and kass. LOD and Kass values are 6.43 Ã— 10Ë‰4 M and 2 Ã— 106 MË‰1, respectively.
Antioxidant Capacity and Î±-Amilase Inhibition by Avocado (Persea americana Mill) Peel and Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) based Functional Drink
Authors: Putra I Made Wisnu Adhi , Sukesi Ketut Ayu , Sulistyadewi Ni Putu Eny
Published: February 2020

Avocado peel (Persea americana Mill) and red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) proved to have antidiabetic properties. However, there has been no research on the analysis of antidiabetic activity of the combination of avocado peel and red ginger in functional beverages. This study aims to make functional beverages from the combination of avocado peel and red ginger. Total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, inhibition of the Î±-amylase activity, and public preferences towards functional beverages (organoleptic) were then evaluated. Functional beverages were made by brewing the powdered avocado peel and red ginger with 200 ml of hot water (96oC) for 5 minutes. The results showed that the increase of avocado peels amount in the combination coukd increase total phenolic content. The high antioxidant capacity was also found in samples with high content of avoccado peels. The results of inhibition of Î±-amylase enzyme activity did not show any significant differences. Organoleptic test results showed that there were no significant differences in each sample. The combination of avocado peel and red ginger has the potential to be an antidiabetic functional beverage.
Effects of Trio and Pair Breeding of Mice on Environmental Parameters and Nasal Pathology and Their Implications for Cage Change Frequency
Authors: Carpenter Kelsey C , Thurston Sarah E , Hoenerhoff Mark J , Lofgren Jennifer L
Published: February 2020

According to the Guide, cage change frequencies must be considered when cage density requirements are exceeded. We monitored ammonia, carbon dioxide, cage wetness, health status, and breeding parameters of trio and pair breeding cages containing CD1 mice in ventilated and static
microisolation caging (4 cages per condition) daily for approximately 6 wk. Minimum cage change frequencies for each condition were determined on the basis of performance data. At 3 d after cage change, static trio and pair cages had average ammonia levels of 74 and 38 ppm. Ventilated cages
remained below the 25ppm threshold reported to be potentially deleterious for mice until at least day 7 after cage change. By 7 d after cage change, ammonia levels had risen to an average of 100 ppm and 64 ppm in static trio and pair cages and to 34 ppm and 20 ppm in ventilated trio and pair
cages, respectively. Ammonia levels in ventilated cages continued to rise slowly through day 14 after cage change. CO2 levels exceeded 5000 ppm in all groups at 2 d after cage change. Pair breeders in ventilated cages took the longest—10 to 14 d—to reach cage wetness
threshold scores. On day 7, pups in trio static cages were noted to have decreased and squinted eyes, whereas in ventilated cages containing trios and pairs, these clinical signs were rare to absent. Histologically, there was an increasing incidence and severity of nasal lesions in weanlings
with increasing housing density and decreasing ventilation, consistent with nasal epithelial toxicity. Given these parameters, we concluded that under the current husbandry conditions, it may be necessary to change breeders in static cages more frequently than every 7 d. Additional studies
are necessary to evaluate the effects of more frequent cage changes on reproductive parameters, given that cage changing is stressful for mice and affects breeding results.
Das letzte Wort. Prophetie und Postskriptum
Authors: Kirschbaum Heinrich
Published: February 2020

Peter Huchel’s poetics of ultimate isolation, in which the relationship between private fate and power comes to the fore, is constituted by allusions to allegorically decaying rudiments of peripheral legends and apocrypha. Thus, the traces of a poem by Huchel, which remained uncommented in research, lead to a ballad by Alexander Pushkin and further to the Old-Russian Chronicles. These three poetics, the chronical, the romantic, and the late modernist, formulate historically important ruler-writer constellations, negotiating metaphorical tensions between narration and figuration that go far beyond an intertextual intrigue.
Teori Ekologi, Psikologi dan Sosiologi Lingkungan Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Zubaidillah Muh Haris
Published: February 2020

Menciptakan suasana pendidikan Islam yang nyaman dan mendukung terselenggaranya suatu pendidikan sehingga dapat berpengaruh terhadap pencapaian tujuan pendidikan yang diinginkan maka dalam merumuskan kondisi lingkungan pendidikan Islam perlu mempertimbangkan aspek yang berkaitan dengan ilmu atau teori yang berbicara tentang lingkungan, sosial dan psikologi dalam pendidikan, teori dimaksud adalah teori ekologi, sosiologi dan psikologi. Teori ekologi diperkenalkan oleh Uri Bronfenbrenner, seseorang ahli psikologi dari Cornell University Amerika Serikat. Bronfenbrenner menyebutkan adanya lima sistem lingkungan berlapis yang saling berkaitan, yaitu mikrosistem, mesosistem, ekosistem, makrosistem, dan kronosistem. Di antara teori-teori psikologi tentang lingkungan pendidikan Islam ialah teori empirisme dan konvergensi. Adapun teori-teori sosiologi tentang lingkungan pendidikan Islam di antaranya adalah teori sosiologi pendidikan yang digagas oleh A.W. Small, E.A. Kirkpatrick, C.A.Ellwood, Alvin Good, dan S.T. Dutton, teori “solidaritas sosial” yang dikemukakan oleh Emile Durkheim, teori “evolusi sosial” yang dikemukakan oleh Lester Frank Word, teori pragmatisme pendidikan yang dikemukakan oleh John Dewey ,teori sosiologi pengetahuan yang dikemukakan oleh Karl Mannheim.
Understanding the Effects of Diversity in Missionary Teams: Insights from the Social Sciences
Authors: Dunaetz David Robert
Published: February 2020

This study presents an overview of the results of empirical studies concerning diversity in work teams. Although these studies have most often been carried out in secular contexts, they support perspectives of human nature that are consistent with the biblical themes found associated with the Tower of Babel (the Similarity/Attraction Perspective) and Paul's metaphor of the Body of Christ and spiritual gifts (the Information/Decision Making Perspective). Key concepts are explained, including the measurement of diversity and team performance, task and relationship diversity, faultlines, cultural versus non-cultural diversity, and status. When the results of the various diversity studies are combined, it appears that diversity in itself has little effect on team performance. However, under certain conditions, diversity can be very detrimental or very beneficial to team performance. These various conditions are examined in light of situations that missionary teams are likely to encounter.
Good Teams, Bad Teams: Under What Conditions Do Missionary Teams Function Effectively?
Authors: Dunaetz David Robert
Published: February 2020

Missionary teams are popular, but not always effective. Five conditions contributing to healthy team functioning are examined in light of empirical evidence: trust, task conflict, commitment to decisions, accountability, and group goals.
Orientasi, Koordinasi, dan Akselerasi: Perguruan Tinggi Islam Berbasis Masyarakat
Authors: Wekke Ismail Suardi
Published: February 2020

Suara serangkaian Rapat Kerja STAIN Sorong 2020, 29 Februari 2020.
MEREDUKSI JUMLAH SISWA YANG MENGALAMI MISKONSEPSI PADA POKOK PEMBAHASAN MODULUS YOUNG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN KONFLIK KOGNITIF
Authors: HIDAYAH MAULIDINA NUR , Nana
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk (1) mengetahui adanya miskonsepsi peserta didik pada pembelajaran fisika modulus young (2) penggunaan pendekatan konflik kognitif untuk mereduksi miskonsepsi peserta didik dalam pokok pembahasan modulus young. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah literasi (studi pustaka). Topik penelitian ini merupakan mata pelajaran fisika dengan pokok pembahasan modulus young kelas XI. Miskonsepsi merupakan hal yang sering terjadi pada materi fisika, salah satunya pada pokok pembahasan modulus young. Kemampuan Kognitif adalah suatu proses berfikir untuk menghubungkan, menilai dan mempertimbangkan suatu kejadian atau peristiwa.
iSense: AI-Based Model and App to Identify Linguistic Biomarkers of Mood Disorders
Authors: Nori Divya
Published: February 2020

The prevalence of mood disorders has increased rapidly over the past decade, especially in teens. The nature of these disorders is such that most symptoms are in a person’s mind making it harder to diagnose, leading to a mental health epidemic which is difficult to control. This study proposes a mobile application (iSense) powered by an Artificial Intelligence model to identify linguistic biomarkers of mood disorders in a teen’s outgoing SMS messages and send notifications to a parent. The Twitter API was used to create a dataset of over 800 individuals whose language use indicates a mood disorder, based on the DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria for depressive disorders, and individuals with a healthy mental state. Millions of tweets were collected from these users and filtered to 73,944 tweets based on tweet length (over 50 characters) and dropping retweets. After conducting linguistic analysis, the tweets were used to train/test a generalized linear lasso model (hyperplane-based approach), gradient boosting machine (tree-based approach), and feed-forward multilayer perceptron (neural network-based approach). These models were then compared on several measures such as F1 Score (max 0.717) and accuracy (max 86%). Other features such as notification preferences (parent interface) and a voice-enabled chatbot (child interface) were implemented in the mobile application. iSense has the potential to enable early detection of mood disorders and at-risk individuals, providing a viable solution to combat the increase in suicide cases.
Hero: Automated Detection System for Prescription Stimulant Overdose via Synthesized GNP-based Metabolite Detection, AI-based Emotion Inference, and Novel Biometric Measurement
Authors: Nori Divya
Published: February 2020

Over the past year, approximately 10,000 American teens have died due to a prescription stimulant overdose. A comprehensive, accurate, and easily integrable approach to detect a drug overdose in the environment where it occurs is imperative. This study proposes a multi-factor automated overdose detection system designed to operate in a teen’s living and working space. The eight factors include sweat composition analysis, mood swing detection, measurement of vital signs (heart rate, blood pressure, respiration rate, electrodermal activity), detection of spasms, and consciousness verification. The two-factor reagent strip, consisting of a gold nanoparticle-based diagnostic measure and pH-based control measure, displayed a significant difference in color between simulated case and control sweat. An Arduino-based sensor and hardware apparatus were built and evaluated to integrate the strip onto a laptop mouse. A generalized linear model, gradient boosting machine, and multilayer perceptron trained on over 1.6 million data points were successfully able to detect a mood swing from a baseline emotion. The final model (with an AUC of over 85%) was implemented into the Hero mobile app to monitor a teen’s outgoing SMS messages for a mood swing. A mathematical image processing algorithm to measure vital signs was created, and repeated evaluation resulted in a percent error of <5%. These results, along with external sensors/hardware devices and mobile app features, were incorporated into Hero. In contrast to previous solutions, teens can use the Hero system and mobile app for constant background monitoring of physical, emotional, and biochemical signs of overdose in their daily life.
Theory Construction Methodology: A practical framework for theory formation in psychology
Authors: Borsboom Denny , van der Maas Han , Dalege Jonas , Kievit Rogier , Haig Brian
Published: February 2020

This paper aims to improve theory formation in psychology by developing a practical methodology for constructing explanatory theories: Theory Construction Methodology (TCM). TCM is a sequence of five steps. First, the theorist identifies empirical phenomena to become the target of explanation. Second, the theorist constructs a proto-theory: a set of theoretical principles that potentially explain these phenomena. Third, the proto-theory is used to construct a formal model: a set of model equations or simulation models that encode the explanatory principles. Fourth, the theorist investigates this model’s explanatory adequacy. This is done by formalizing the empirical phenomena in terms of the model, and assessing whether the model indeed reproduces them. Fifth, the theorist studies the overall adequacy of the theory by evaluating whether phenomena are indeed reproduced faithfully, whether explanatory principles are parsimonious and substantively plausible, and whether the theory implies new predictions to promote further research. We illustrate TCM with an example taken from the intelligence literature (the mutualism model of intelligence), discuss the place of TCM in the larger scheme of scientific research, and propose an outline for a university curriculum that can systematically educate psychologists in the process of theory formation.
From observed laterality to latent hemispheric differences: revisiting the inference problem
Authors: Sørensen Øystein , Westerhausen René
Published: February 2020

Researchers interested in hemispheric dominance frequently aim to infer latent functional differences between the hemispheres from observed lateral behavioural or brain-activation differences. To be valid, these inferences may not only rely on the observed laterality measures but also need to account for the antecedent probabilities of the studied latent classes. This fact is frequently ignored in the literature, leading to misclassifications especially when considering low probability classes as, for example, ”atypical” right hemispheric language dominance. In the present paper, we revisit this inference problem (a) by outlining a general Bayesian framework for the inferential process and (b) by exemplarily applying this framework on the inference of hemispheric dominance for speech processing from dichotic-listening laterality scores. Utilising large-scale empirical data sets as well as simulation studies, we show that valid inferences also regarding low probable latent classes can be drawn applying the present framework, although within certain boundaries. We further illustrate that repeated laterality measures of the same person may be used to improve the classification outcome. The article additionally provides R package and Shiny app implementations of the suggested Bayesian framework, which allow to explore the boundaries of valid inference for the present and other examples.
Компаративний аналіз ефективності польської та української базових програм навчання з фізичної культури учнів основної школи
Authors: Mozоlev Оleksandr , Khmara Maryna
Published: February 2020

У статті теоретично проаналізовано зміст польської та української базових програм навчання з фізичної культури учнів 9 класів. Встановлено основні відмінності польської базової програми навчання від української, а саме: інші напрями освітньої діяльності; наявність вимоги щодо обов’язкових занять фізичною культурою в позанавчальний час; формування груп для занять фізичною культурою за інтересами; формування загальної культури поведінки учнів відповідно до правил «Fair play»; розробка регіональних авторських програм з фізичної культури.
Представлені результати практичної перевірки впливу базових програм навчання на розвиток рухових здібностей школярів. Здійснено порівняльний аналіз впливу української та польської базових програм навчання на рівень  розвитку основних фізичних якостей учнів та самооцінку стану їхнього здоров’я. Встановлено загальні тенденції та особливості фізичного розвитку молоді та вплив базових програм навчання з фізичної культури на розвиток рухових здібностей школярів.
Oświata i szkolnictwo polskie na Białorusi. Analiza dyskursu prasowego «Głos znad Niemna na uchodźstwie» w latach 2014–2016
Authors: Zak Waldemar
Published: February 2020

Artykuł koncentruje się na analizie dyskursu prasowego dotyczącego oświaty i szkolnictwa polskiego na Białorusi w latach 2014–2016 w tygodniku «Głos znad Niemna na uchodźstwie». Sytuacja polskiej mniejszości na terenach Białorusi była zawsze trudna ponieważ polityka władz białoruskich skupiała się na niszczeniu wszystkiego co związane było z polską kulturą oraz posiadającego polskie korzenie: inteligencja, szkoła, teatr, prasa. Sytuacja Polaków należących do polskiego społeczeństwa zamieszkującego obszar poza granicami we współczesnej Białorusi wydaje się być skomplikowana. Z jednej strony, stanowią oni duży odsetek społeczeństwa na Białorusi, jednakże z drugiej strony, znaczna ich część ma problemy z zachowaniem polskiej tożsamości. Polska prasa na Białorusi odgrywa ważną rolę w procesie tworzenia i rozwoju świadomości narodowej. Przez wiele lat tak ważną rolę odgrywał tygodnik «Głos znad Niemna na uchodźstwie» wydawany przez organ prasowy Związku Polaków na Białorusi. Analiza dyskursu prasowego okazała się być szczególnie pomocna w odniesieniu do spraw etycznych oraz mniejszości narodowych. Przeprowadziliśmy analizę pięciu wybranych artykułów w odniesieniu do oświaty i szkolnictwa polskiego na Białorusi na łamach tygodnika «Głosu znad Niemna na uchodźstwie». Zaobserwowaliśmy jakie tematy porusza się w prasie w odniesieniu do polskiej oświaty, czym jest dyskurs i tworzenie, rodzaje stosowanego słownictwa oraz struktur, jak i osiągnięte zmiany w zachowaniu oraz mentalności czytelników.