bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Novel Classes for Patients With Lupus Nephritis Using Two-step Cluster Model
Authors: Huang Ting , Xie Shasha , Ding Liqing , Luo Hui
Published: March 2021

Objectives: To identify and reclassify the patients in the LN cohort, and to further analyze the prominent clinical features and clinical significance of each cluster of patients.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of a cohort of 635 LN patients from the Rheumatology Department of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. Demographic data, laboratory findings and clinical evaluation system include physician’s global assessment and the SLICC/ACR Damage Index were collected. Using two-step cluster analysis, patients with similar clinical property were identified and compared.Results: Among the 635 LN patients, 599 patients (94.3%) were female. The mean age of the patients were 33.8 ± 10.4 years. Three subgroups were identified by two-step cluster analysis. Cluster 1 included 130 (20.5%) patients, Cluster 2 included 132(20.8%) patients and Cluster 3 included 373 (58.7%) patients. Cluster 3 was the largest group of mild disease activity, patients in this cluster had lower white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes and mean SDI scores compared to those in the other two clusters. Cluster 1 was the smallest group of severe damage, patients in this cluster had multiple positive auto-antibodies, higher SDI scores and lower complement level. Patients of cluster 2 had the highest levels of granulocytes, but the results of other laboratory tests were roughly between the cluster 1 and cluster 3.Conclusions: This study reclassified three groups of LN patients in a large cohort. Our research shows that the multiple positive ANA antibody may be related to the high SDI score of LN patients. Clinicians can identify patients at different stages through cluster analysis to better implement prognosis.
Clinical characteristics, gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Liang Xin , Zheng Wei , Liu Cheng , Zhang Li Rui , Zhang Li , Tian Zhi Hong , Li Guang Hui
Published: March 2021

Background Pregnant women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at high risk of GDM. It is unclear whether this population has pregnancy characteristics different from the general population. Whether these features affect the perinatal outcome has not yet been elucidated. Methods A retrospective study was conducted, including baseline characteristics, laboratory data, gestational weight gain (GWG), and pregnancy outcomes of 441 pregnant women with prior GDM. Besides, 1637 women without a history of GDM treated in the same period were randomly selected as the control group. The above indicators of the two groups were compared. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate how GWG was associated with perinatal outcomes for previous GDM women. Results Among women with GDM history, triglycerides (TG) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in the 1 st trimester were higher than those without GDM history. GWG was lower in women with prior GDM relative to the control group at various pregnancy stages. However, women with GDM history had a higher risk of developing GDM (OR 3.25, 95% CI 2.26–4.68) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.05–2.45). In women with previous GDM, excessive GWG before OGTT exhibited a positive correlation with pregnancy-induced hypertension (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.05–3.32), while inadequate GWG was not a protective factor for GDM and pregnancy-induced hypertension. Conclusion Women with prior GDM have glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in the 1st trimester. Limited reduction of GWG before OGTT was insufficient to offset the adverse effects of glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in women with previous GDM. Relevant interventions may be required at early stage or even before pregnancy.
Ecological niche complexity of invasive and native cryptic species of the Bemisia tabaci species complex in China
Authors: Xue Yantao , Lin Congtian , Wang Yaozhuo , Zhang Yibo , Ji Liqiang
Published: March 2021

Bemisia tabaci is an important pest of agricultural and horticultural crops worldwide and comprises a complex of cryptic species. In China, the introduction of the two invasive cryptic species, Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) and Mediterranean (MED), has considerably affected the ecological niche of the native cryptic species. Based on occurrence records obtained through field surveys and high-resolution environmental data, ecological niche models were established to predict the distribution of invasive and native cryptic species of B. tabaci in China using the MaxEnt model. The models showed that the suitable range, the important environmental variables affecting the distribution of the cryptic species, and the adaptation range of the main environmental variables related to them were different. The findings of this study showed that the B. tabaci species complex possesses a complex ecological niche. The distribution range and niche breadth of the invasive cryptic species exceeds that of the native cryptic species in the order of MED > MEAM1 > China1 > Asia1. There are different degrees of niche overlap and range overlap among the different cryptic species. This study, therefore, revealed the differences in the distribution and ecological niche of the invasive and native cryptic species of B. tabaci in China. The findings of this study contribute to the ecological knowledge of B. tabaci, which will be useful in the development of prevention and control strategies for this pest in China.
The Puzzle of Urban Density And Energy Consumption
Authors: Waśniewski Krzysztof
Published: March 2021

This article studies the broad socio-economic context of the otherwise known, yet intriguing a phenomenon of growing difference, in terms of density of population, between cities and the countryside. Empirical data collected in the here-presented research captures national idiosyncrasies covered by that global trend. A relatively novel empirical methodology is used to study that data, combining classical multiple regression with a heuristic transformation of data, as a Markov chain of states, with the use of an artificial neural network. That complex method is used for exploring and verifying the hypothesis that collective intelligence of human societies optimizes social interactions in the view of maximizing the absorption of energy from the environment. Both regression and artificial neural network substantiate the hypothesis, with probably more explanatory power to be found in the latter. Growing urban density seems to be instrumental, as type of social change, rather than a desired social outcome in itself.JEL codes: R11; R12; R14; R15
Two-axis scanning LIDAR using a liquid crystal control
Authors: Nishiwaki Seiji
Published: March 2021

Sophisticated non-mechanical technology for LIDARs is needed to realize safe autonomous cars. We have confirmed the operating principle of a non-mechanical LIDAR by combining concentric circular-grating couplers (CGCs) with a coaxially aligned rod lens. Laser light incident vertically on the center of the inner CGC along the center axis of the lens is radiated from the outer CGC and passes through the side surface of the lens. It is converted to a parallel beam that scans in two axes by applying voltages to two area-segmented electrode layers sandwiching the CGCs and a liquid crystal layer formed on the CGCs. We have demonstrated scanning whose motion ranges were 360 degrees horizontally and 10 degrees vertically. A beam with a spread angle of 0.3 ⨯ 0.8 degrees at a minimum swept vertically up to a frequency of 100 Hz and ten equally spaced beams scanned rotationally with a 6-degree cycle variation of spread of between 0.8 and 3.5 degrees.
MDCTA volumetric analysis for the quantification and grading of acute non-cerebral, non-gastrointestinal hemorrhage. A feasibility study.
Authors: Spiliopoulos Stavros , Theodosis Antonios , Palialexis Konstantinos , Efthimiou Evgenia , Reppas Lazaros , Argentos Stylianos , Filippiadis Dimitrios , Kelekis Nikolaos , Brountzos Elias
Published: March 2021

Objectives To assess the feasibility of Multi-Detector Computed Tomography Angiography (MDCTA) volumetry for the quantification and grading of acute non-cerebral, non-gastrointestinal bleeding.Methods This retrospective, single-center, study investigated consecutive patients with MDCTA positive for active non-cerebral, non-gastrointestinal bleeding, between January 2020 and June 2020. Outcome measures were the quantification of active extravasation at the arterial and parenchymal phase using volumetry measurements, the calculation of active bleeding rate and bleeding grading, 30-day mortality rate, identification of independent predictors of mortality and correlation between volumetric analysis, various clinical features and the decision to proceed with an intervention.Results In total 30 patients (17 females; 56.6%; mean age 70.0±16.0 years) were analyzed. Volumetric analysis was feasible in all cases resulting in excellent inter-observer variability (interclass correlation coefficient 0.999 for arterial and 0.919 for venous volume measurements). Mean volume of contrast extravasation was 1.06±1.09ml and 3.07±2.48 ml at the arterial and parenchymal phases, respectively. Mean bleeding rate was 6.95±7.82 ml/min. High bleeding volume at arterial phase (grade 4 bleeding) was the only independent predictor of 30-day mortality (HR 1383.58; p=0.042). There was a positive correlation between bleeding volume at arterial phase (rs= 0.340; p=0.033) and arterial bleeding rate (rs= 0.381; p=0.019) with the decision to proceed with an intervention. Bleeding volume of 0.6ml was the cutoff value for the prediction of intervention (sensitivity 96.3%; specificity 66.7%).Conclusions MDCTA volumetric analysis for the quantification and grading of acute hemorrhage was feasible with excellent inter-observer agreement. The proposed bleeding grading system could optimize decision making and predict clinical outcomes.
Fabrication of A novel polyvinylpyrrolidone/abeitic acid hydrogel by gamma irradiation for the recovery of Zn, Co, Mn and Ni from aqueous acidic solution
Authors: Masry Botros A. , Elhady Mohamed A. , Mousaa Issa M.
Published: March 2021

As heavy metals are a group of pollutants that originate from industrial and nuclear facilities has become of major concern in the aquatic environment due to their toxicity to all living organisms. In this context; this study was aimed to prepare sustainable and efficient hydrogel for the removal of heavy metals such as Co, Ni, Zn and Mn from aqueous acidic solution. The polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/abietic acid (AA) hydrogel were prepared by gamma irradiation at 50 kGy. The characterization of PVP/AA hydrogel were investigated by water absorbancy, gel content, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The characterizations indicate that bio-sorbent composite hydrogel networks provide advantageous over conventional preparation techniques. PVP/AA hydrogel was implanted for batch process with studying the effect different parameters on the sorption of the investigated metal ions such as radiation dose; pH, contact time, metal ions, V/m and temperature. The results illustrate that the highest uptake% was obtained at radiation dose 30 kGy at optimum pH = 3. The maximum adsorption capacity of PVP-AA adsorbent was reached 32, 32.5,19 and 32.5 mg.g− 1 for Zn(II), Co(III), Ni (III) and Mn(II) ions respectively. The changes in the values of free energy (ΔG) and enthalpy (ΔH) confirm the spontaneous nature of the adsorption reaction with an endothermic process. The maximum desorption of the investigated metal ions was achieved with 1 M HNO3 of (97%, 98%, 70% and 60%) and takes the order: Co > Ni > Zn > Mn. The highest separation factor for Zn/Co = 26 and Zn/Ni = 8.6 at pH = 0.75.
Factors influencing Research Engagement among Medical students in the United Kingdom (REMED-UK): protocol for a prospective, observational, national, multi-centre questionnaire - study
Authors: Osunronbi Temidayo , Adeboye William , Faluyi David , George Jasmine , Sofela Agbolahan
Published: March 2021

Introduction: There has been a decline in the number of academic clinicians in the UK. Also, there is sex and ethnic inequalities in research opportunities amongst UK clinicians. The decision to get involved in research as a clinician is usually made as a medical student. Hence, this study aims to investigate the factors affecting UK medical students’ involvement in research, and to understand their perceptions of research, motivation for and the barriers to their engagement in research.Methods: This study is a prospective, observational, national, multi-centre study that will utilise an online questionnaire using the QualtricsTM survey tool. Medical students that are at least 18 years old and enrolled in a UK medical school in the 2020/21 academic year are eligible to partake in this study. The following data will be collected: demographic, research experience, research perception, research self-efficacy, motivation, and barriers to engaging in research. The outcome measures are: number of research projects, publications, presentations, and successful grant applications.Conclusion: This study will produce evidence-based reports that will guide UK medical schools and relevant organisations in developing resources and programmes that will increase the number of future academic clinicians and resolve inequalities in research opportunities and engagement amongst future clinicians.
A gyorserő, mint a röplabdajátékosok sportteljesítményét jelentősen meghatározó képesség mérési lehetőségei
Authors: Gulkai Zsófia , Biróné Ilics Katalin , Buti Nikolett , Nagyváradi Katalin
Published: March 2021

Az élsportban elsődleges követelmény a magas szintű sportteljesítmény elérése és szinten tartása (Harsányi, 2000; Dubecz, 2009; Pucsok, 2009; Petridis, 2015). A sportteljesítményt a teljesítőképesség és a teljesítőkészség együttes szorzata határozza meg. A teljesítőképesség függ a technikai és taktikai ismeretek, illetve az értelmi és motoros képességek megfelelő színvonalától. Tanulmányunkban a röplabdázók sportteljesítményét meghatározó összetevők közül azzal foglalkoztunk részletesebben, mely a játék jellegéből adódóan jelentősen befolyásolja egy játékos teljesítőképességét. Mivel a labdát egy meghatározott magasságú hálón kell a szabályok értelmében átjuttatni, a feladat a játékostól nem csak megfelelő testmagasságot, hanem magas súlypontemelkedést is követel. A súlypont és a testtömeg optimális emelése a láb gyorserejének köszönhető. Munkánk célja a láb gyorserő mérésére alkalmas tesztek elemzése a várható teljesítmény előrejelzése érdekében.
Anti-aging : Tovább fiatalon, avagy a fiatalság forrása az öregedés folyamatában
Authors: Nyerjákné Sári Róza , Kulcsár Kata
Published: March 2021

Napjainkban a fiatalság, az egészség, a jó erőnlét és az esztétikus külső olyan értékké vált, mely előnyt jelent a magánéletben és a munka világában egyaránt. A fiatalság megőrzése létező társadalmi igény. Világszerte jelen van, és a tudományos kutatások, az egészségügyi és esztétikai szolgáltatások magas színvonalon próbálnak megfelelni ezeknek a kihívásoknak. A tudomány mai állása szerint az emberi öregedési folyamatok jelentős része befolyásolható, lassítható, akár vissza is fordítható. Azonban távol állunk attól, hogy egy gyógyszer vagy egy különleges hatóanyag segítségével fiatalok maradjunk, vagy visszafiatalodjunk. Mégsem lehetetlen az életünk második felében olyan vitalitással, egészséggel, fiatalos külsővel rendelkezni, mint amilyet szeretnénk.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) information content in the diagnosis of type 1 choroidal neovascularization combined with pigment epithelium detachment
Authors: Neroev V. V. , Ryabina M. V. , Sarygina A. P.
Published: March 2021

Purpose of the study is to determine the reliability of OCT angiography in the diagnosis of type 1 choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in wet age-related macular degeneration depending on the height of pigment epithelium detachment (PED).

Material and methods. The study included 82 patients (114 eyes) with confirmed type 1 CNV, who were examined using spectral OCT and OCTA. The patients were divided into two groups depending on PED height: group 1 consisted of 69 eyes with PED height less than 300 μm, while group 2 (45 eyes) had PED height of more than 300 μm. A separate comparative analysis of the visualization of pathological vessels was made in a group of untreated patients (56 eyes) and a group of patients (58 eyes) treated with angiogenesis inhibitors.

Results. In group 1 with a PED height less than 300 μm (167.0 ± 60.4 μm) OCTA detected blood flow along abnormal vessels in 100 % of cases. In group 2 with a PED height above 300 μm (484.7 ± 131.9 μm) CNV vessels were visualized in 24.4 % of eyes. The PED height of patients after intravitreal injections of angiogenesis inhibitors (IVI IA) ranged from 38 to 683 μm (221 ± 133 μm). According to OCTA visualization of type 1 CNV vasculature was noted in 55 eyes (94.8 %). In patients who received no antiangiogenic therapy, with a PED height 59 - 800 μm (238 ± 149 μm) CNV was visualized in 41 % of cases (23 eyes).

Conclusion. OCTA showed high reliability in the diagnosis of type 1 CNV with low PED. This method was significantly less informative when the height of the neovascular PED exceeded 300 μm, with the exception of PED after IVI IA.
Pathophysiological features of the visual cycle, cascade and metabolic pathways in retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Weener M. E. , Atarshchikov D. S. , Kadyshev V. V. , Zolnikova I. V. , Demchinsky A. M. , Barh D. , Balashova L. M. , Salmasi J. M.
Published: March 2021

This literature review offers a detailed description of the genes and proteins involved in pathophysiological processes in isolated retinitis pigmentosa (RP). To date, 84 genes and 7 candidate genes have been described for non-syndromic RP. Each of these genes encodes a protein that plays a role in vital processes in the retina and / or retinal pigment epithelium, including the cascade of phototransduction (transmission of the visual signal), the visual cycle, ciliary transport, the environment of photoreceptor cilia and the interphotoreceptor matrix. The identification and study of pathophysiological pathways affected in non-syndromic RP is important for understanding the main pathogenic ways and developing approaches to target treatment.
Preperimetric glaucoma
Authors: Bakunina N. A. , Openkova E. V. , Shaposhnikova I. V. , Gabdrakhmanov L. M. , Kuroyedov A. V. , Seleznev А. V. , Zargaryan H. Y.
Published: March 2021

Recently, much literature data is available on the issue of diagnosis of preperimetric glaucoma (PPG), but no recognized algorithms of detecting primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) at this stage have been developed, and there is no general opinion as to what parameters and techniques should be used. The review offers a generalization of the literature data on PPG diagnosing and specifies the main parameters that should be taken into account in testing POAG patients at the early preperimetric stage. As is known, the diagnosis of glaucoma is based on detectable changes in the optic nerve head and visual field, but the onset of the disease occurs long before the above changes. Currently, the approach shifts towards early OCT diagnosis of glaucoma. Cohort studies show that structural disorders are detected 5–12 years earlier than functional ones in 17–60 % patients with POAG.
Role of emollients in the prevention of skin diseases in young children
Authors: Tamrazova Olga B. , Dubovets Nataliya F. , Tamrazova Anait V. , Seleznev Sergey P.
Published: March 2021

Epidermis plays an important role in protecting the body from negative environmental influences. The horny layer plays a special role in carrying out these functions. Skin defense mechanisms are multistage and include 5 protective barriers responsible for maintaining the integrity and performing the main functions of the skin. The first one is a microbial barrier – determined by commensal flora which prevents contamination of pathogenic microorganisms; the second one is a physical barrier preventing mechanical skin damage, penetration of allergens and microorganisms; the third one is a chemical barrier achieved by forming pH and components of natural moisturizing factor as well as epidermal lipids; the fourth one – immune barrier – Langerhans cells, tissue basophils, lymphocytes etc.;

the fifth is the neurosensory barrier – numerous nerve endings transmitting signals of skin integrity damage and controlling metabolic processes and homeostasis maintenance. Epidermal barrier of newborns and infants is imperfect and differs in its structure and functional activity from that of adults. Children’s skin is prone to excessive dryness, irritation, allergic reactions and inflammation. For young children, it is very important to minimize the risk of these manifestations. Individual selection and use of emollients in the basic care of infants promotes the functional stability of five protective «frontiers» of the epidermal barrier: prevents skin damage when exposed to unfavorable environmental factors, reduces TEWL, supports the normal microbiome, has antipruritic and anti-inflammatory action. Modern emollients restore the hydrolipidic layer of the epidermis and prevent the development of dermatitis and skin infection in children. An important role when choosing an emollient is played by its texture, which can be represented by a lotion, cream, balm, ointment. Chemically, creams, lotions and balms are emulsions, i.e. they consist of two immiscible components – fat (oil) and water. In this case, one of the components is in the other in the form of tiny droplets. Most skin diseases faced by young children are related to the integrity of the epidermis, which is why daily care should be primarily focused on protecting the skin barrier
Efficacy and safety of antihistamines in children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Drozdov Vladimir N. , Arefev Konstantin I. , Serebrova Svetlana Yu. , Komissarenko Irina A. , Shikh Evgenia V. , Starodubtsev Alexey K.
Published: March 2021

Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common inflammatory diseases. This disease is characterized by severe itching, recurrent eczematous lesions and has a heterogeneous clinical picture. AD occurs in all countries, in both sexes, in different age groups. There has been a steady increase in the incidence of AD detection over the past three decades. The prevalence of AD symptoms in various regions of the Russian Federation (RF) ranged from 6.2 to 15.5%. There is no generally accepted classification of AD, the working classification of AD reflects the age dynamics, clinical and morphological forms, severity and stages of the course of the disease. Treatment of AD should be patient-centered and should include prevention of individual trigger factors, restoration of the skin barrier, and a stepwise and gradual approach to reduce inflammation based on the severity of the disease. mGCS are the first-line treatment for exacerbations of AD. Topical calcineurin inhibitors are tacrolimus and pimecrolimus. Pimecrolimus is indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate AD, and tacrolimus is indicated for moderate to severe AD. Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus are characterized by low systemic absorption, they do not cause skin atrophy and do not affect the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system. Systemic corticosteroids should be used only in exceptional cases for short-term treatment of an exacerbation or when starting another systemic therapy. The therapeutic value of 1st generation antihistamines lies in their sedative properties by normalizing nighttime sleep and reducing the intensity of itching. Dimetindene maleate is an effective and safe treatment for relieving symptoms of pruritus and normalizing sleep in patients with AD. Dimetindene maleate has a high safety profile and can be prescribed from 1 month of age.
Experience of using a complex bioregulatory drug in young children
Authors: Vakhitov Khakim M. , Makhmutiva Alina G. , Vakhitova Lilia F.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The paper presents modern insights into the pathogenesis and role of inflammatory reactions in the development

of the respiratory pathology. The safety and high potential of the use of complex bioregulatory drugs as elements of pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy of the respiratory diseases have been substantiated. The authors present the results of their own clinical observations on the use of a complex bioregulatory drug as an anti-inflammatory agent to treat acute respiratory diseases in young children.

Clinical case 1. The observation included 102 children aged 1 to 3 years with the symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection, who underwent outpatient treatment. 53 children of them received a complex bioregulatory drug as a symptomatic antiinflammatory and antipyretic therapy according to the treatment regimen set out in the patient information leaflet. The comparison group consisted of 49 children, who received acetaminophen derivatives to relieve the similar symptoms at least once per day. The findings showed that the bioregulatory drug, when used according to the treatment regimen, effectively relieved the symptoms of fever in 46 children (87%), the same indicator in the comparison group was 44 children (89%) (p > 0.05%).

Clinical case 2.We observed 26 children aged 9 to 18 months with teething syndrome, which was treated with a bioregulatory drug as a symptomatic therapy. The therapy lasted 3 to 7 days. The results showed that the bioregulatory drug effectively relieved the whole complex of teething symptoms.

Сonclusion. Viburcol has been shown to be highly effective as an antipyretic agent, as well as a drug to relieve symptoms during teething. No children who used the drug showed side effects. The authors advise the widespread use of complex bioregulatory drugs in routine paediatric practice.
Help in controlling pain in children: pediatrician’s tips
Authors: Starostina Lada S.
Published: March 2021

The problem of anesthesia includes mainly the treatment of pre-existing pain or surgical manipulations with the use of anesthesia. However, the problems of pain prevention during traumatic (invasive) procedures are also actively solved, methods of prevention are improved and expanded, taking into account the impact of pain on the quality of life. Pain is not a simple physiological process of conducting stimulation from the receptor apparatus to the CNS structures, but a complex phenomenon that includes biological, emotional, psychological and social components. Pain is one of the earliest formed psychophysical functions; by the 30 th week of fetal development all pathways of pain conduction and perception are already formed, so both fetus and child are already capable of perceiving pain, and the intensity is often even higher than in adults. Many believe that: young children do not feel pain because their central nervous system is immature; children remember themselves from the age of 4–5 years, so they do not remember the pain they suffered, so all surgical problems that cause pain should be addressed as early as possible; if the child is sleeping or playing, he or she has no pain, etc. Current research has demonstrated significant short-term adverse reactions and long-term negative effects in children in response to pain-related manipulations. Anesthesia of intact skin was previously impossible without prior painful anesthetic injection. Today, other ways of administering anesthetics are used as alternatives: oral, in enemas or suppositories, locally as sprays, ointments, or by application. To address the pain associated with invasive procedures, the effectiveness of a 5% local anesthetic cream based on a water-oil emulsion of lidocaine and prilocaine (1:1), which has good absorption properties, has been studied. Using local anesthesia can prevent and/or reduce the risk of pain-induced stress. Considering the results of these studies, the use of a local combined anesthetic containing 2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine may be suggested.
The frequency and structure of comorbid infections in patients with spondyloarthritis (preliminary own data)
Authors: Baranova M. M. , Muravyeva N. V. , Belov B. S.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Data on the frequency of comorbid infections (CI) in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) are few and contradictory. Objective. The aim of the study was to study the frequency and structure of CI in the inpatient population of SpA patients in the course of a one-moment retrospective study.Subjects and methods. The study included 205 patients with SPA: 119 men, 86 women, the age of patients was 39.02 ± 12.2 years, the duration of the disease was 129.3 ± 104.3 months. Ankylosing spondylitis was diagnosed in 133 patients, psoriatic arthritis in 55, spondyloarthritis associated with Crohn’s disease – in 1, undifferentiated spondyloarthritis – in 16. Most patients, along with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, received glucocorticoids, basic anti-inflammatory drugs, and biological drugs. Patients were interviewed by a research doctor with the completion of a unified questionnaire, additional data were obtained from medical documentation.Results. 20% of patients reported more frequent CI development after the SpA debut. 28.7% of patients reported a more severe course of previously observed CI. Temporary discontinuation of therapy due to the development of CI occurred in 25.4% of patients. Exacerbation of SpA after CI was diagnosed in 40% of patients. In general, the leading place in the structure of CI was occupied by infections of the respiratory tract and ENT-organs, the second place belonged to herpes-viral infections. Serious CI accounted for 6.8% of all cases of CI. In SpA patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, there was an increase in the frequency of acute nasopharyngitis, sinusitis, acute bronchitis, pneumonia and herpes-viral infections. However, cases of CI have also been reported in patients who have never received immuno-suppressive drugs.Conclusion. The data obtained indicate the important of the problem of CI in SpA. Further studies are needed on large samples of patients in order to find significant risk factors for CI, study their relationship with clinical characteristics and influence on the course of SpA.
Practical aspects of prescribing antiparkinsonian drugs. The place of amantadines in the management of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Titova N. V. , Portupeev A. A.
Published: March 2021

Treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) includes the administration of dopaminergic and occasionally non-dopaminergic drugs, in mono- or in combination therapy. One of the key drug used to treat Parkinson’s disease is levodopa considered a gold standard. In addition levodopa can also be used as a challenge test to confirm the accuracy of diagnosis of PD known as the “Levodopa challenge test”. However many non levodopa class of drugs are also used and consist of dopamine agonists (ADRs), MAO-B and COMT inhibitors, as well as drugs working on glutamate such as a group of drug with NMDA receptor inhibitor activity (amantadines). The successful treatment of PD therefore depends on the correct choice of drugs to initiate treatment and sustainance of such therapy. The main parameters for personolised treatment include the patient’s age, severity and pattern of motor deficit, the state of cognitive function and lifestyle. Levodopa, although the most effective, is almost invariably associated with motor fluctuations and dyskinesias. Before prescribing levodopa, in addition to MAO-B inhibitors and ADRs, amantadines can be used as a monotherapy. Once replacement of therapy is required, then it is necessary to use a coefficient to calculate an equivalent dose of levodopa known as the levodopa equivalent dose. Progression of PD is inevitable inspite of adequate symptomatic therapy and at the advanced stage of PD approaches for the management of motor complications of levodopa need to be considered. For motor fluctuations these strategies require a change in the dosage regimen of levodopa (daily dose and frequency of intake), as well as the addition of an adjunct drug – ADRs, MAO-B inhibitor or COMT inhibitor. When dyskinesias arise, the management depends on correct identification of the type of dyskiensias. The commonest type of dyskinesia is peak dose dyskinesias related to peak plasma levodopa levels after intake. Amantadine provides a quick and long-lasting antidyskinetic effect which has been confirmed in open label as well as double-blind placebo-controlled studies. Compared to аmantadine chloride, amantadine sulfate has more stable pharmacokinetic parameters and a better safety profile. In addition, parenteral administration of amantadine sulfate can be utilized for severely ill patients with akinetic crisis in PD. Amantadine also has a broad spectrum effect and these may include improvement of fatigue and apathy. Some data also suggest that the use of amantadine in patients may increase life expectancy, improve survival and reduce the risk of dementia.
Neurotic disorder, headache, and stress: experience of managing a comorbid patient and the role of magnesium drugs
Authors: Golovacheva V. A. , Tabeeva G. R.
Published: March 2021

In the practice of neurologists and therapists, patients with complaints of headache, increased fatigue, and irritability are common. The most frequent causes of headaches in ambulatory patients are primary headaches (migraine and tension headaches). Lack of sleep, stress, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and abuse of analgesic drugs are the most common factors that contribute to the frequency of headaches. Magnesium deficiency is another factor, the role of which has been discussed in the frequency of primary headaches, in the development of neurotic disorders and depression. Clinical manifestations of magnesium deficiency itself usually include such nonspecific symptoms as fatigue, anxiety, irritability, numbness in the extremities, leg cramps, sleep disorders, etc.Magnesium deficiency is widespread among the population of developed countries, especially among women of reproductive age, often occurs during pregnancy, while taking oral contraceptives. Magnesium is involved in the regulation of the nervous system, neuromuscular transmission, cardiac activity, regulation of vascular tone, blood clotting and bone tissue metabolism. Magnesium deficiency is associated with diseases such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, migraine, osteoporosis, depression, neurotic disorders (panic disorder, generalized anxiety, various phobias), and fibromyalgia syndrome. Stress can lead to a decrease in magnesium levels in the body, and magnesium deficiency, in turn, reduces tolerance to stressful situations. Timely diagnosis and adequate treatment of magnesium deficiency and associated conditions represent important clinical challenges.The clinical case of a patient with neurotic disorder, headache and magnesium deficiency is presented, and the effectiveness of an interdisciplinary approach including an educational talk, adequate therapy for headache management, magnesium drug therapy and psychological methods is demonstrated. The role of magnesium deficiency in the development of various neurologic diseases is reviewed. The most effective magnesium compounds for therapy are discussed. Principles of diagnosis and treatment of patients with magnesium deficiency are presented.
Determinan Perilaku Pengelolaan Keuangan pada Pelaku Industri Kecil Menengah
Authors:   Universitas Pembangunan Nasiona l“Veteran” Jakarta,Jl.RS. Fatmawati Raya,Pd. Labu, Kec. Cilandak,Kota Depok,Jawa Barat 12450, Paramita Kisti , Wahyudi Wahyudi ,   Universitas Pembangunan Nasiona l“Veteran” Jakarta,Jl.RS. Fatmawati Raya,Pd. Labu, Kec. Cilandak,Kota Depok,Jawa Barat 12450, Fadila Ardhiani ,   Universitas Pembangunan Nasiona l“Veteran” Jakarta,Jl.RS. Fatmawati Raya,Pd. Labu, Kec. Cilandak,Kota Depok,Jawa Barat 12450
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Literasi Keuangan, Tingkat Pendidikan dan Pendapatan terhadap Perilaku Pengelolaan Keuangan pada pelaku industri kecil menengah (IKM) tempe di Kelurahan Semanan Kecamatan Kalideres, Jakarta Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pelaku IKM tempe yang berada di Kelurahan Semanan, Kecamatan Kalideres sebagai populasi. Metode yang digunakan yaitu probability sampling khususnya simple random sampling dengan ukuran sampel sebanyak 92 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebar kuesioner. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah metode analisis PLS (Partial Least Square). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Literasi Keuangan, Tingkat Pendidikan dan Pendapatan memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku pengelolaan keuangan.
Prawo o sakramentach wtajemniczenia chrześcijańskiego jako imperatyw budujący communio familiaris
Authors: Janczewski Zbigniew
Published: March 2021

The baptism, the confirmation and the Eucharist are three christian initiation sacraments. The sacraments were instituted by Christ the Lord and entrusted to the Church. As actions of Christ and of the Church, they are signs and means by which faith is expressed and strengthened, worship is offered to God and our sanctification is brought about. Thus they contribute in the most effective manner to establishing, strengthening and manifesting ecclesiastical communion. The sacraments of christian initiation also to establishing, strengthening and manifesting family communion. This science article shows how the sacramental canon law inspired spouses to build a communio familiaris.
Podstępne wprowadzenie w błąd (kan. 1098 KPK) w opublikowanych orzeczeniach Roty Rzymskiej z lat 2010-2012
Authors: Góralski Wojciech
Published: March 2021

The subject of this study is the jurisprudence of the Roman Rota Court regarding deceptive misleading (canon 1098 CIC) from 2010-2012, contained in Decisione seu sententiae. During this period, the title of marriage annulment was included in twelve judgments; ten of them have been published.

The analysis of rotating sentences was presented in the following thematic areas: deceptive misleading as a factor protecting marriage consent; deceptive action; error as a result of deception; the attribute of a person as an object of deceptive action (in genere and in individual judgments); deceptio dolosa prove.

Undoubtedly, the jurisprudence of the Roman Rota also provides for the area of ​​deceptive misleading, the appropriate point of reference in the resolution of nullitatis matrimonii cases by church tribunals of lower degrees of jurisdiction.
The Emerging Landscapes to Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Magri Agnes , Baveloni Franciele Garcia , de Camargo Bruna Almeida Furquim , Chorilli Marlus
Published: March 2021

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a highly metastatic tumor, and
the liver is its first target, which restricts the use of medications. PDA is considered one
of the most aggressive types of cancer in the world, with an extremely short survival
time, depending on the stage of diagnosis. In non-surgical cases, chemotherapy alternatives
are only effective in 40% to 60% of patients. The low efficiency of treatments occurs
mainly due to the complex microenvironment in PDA, leading to chemoresistance
to treatments and making it difficult to reach the affected tissue. A very important histological
characteristic of PDA is the extremely dense stroma, which leads to low vascularization
of tumor tissue. Consequently, the stroma environment causes less drug accumulation
in tumor cells, even of selective and/or targeted drugs. Overcoming the stroma's
microenvironment is a major challenge for therapies. Moreover, specific genes lead to direct
chemoresistance in PDA due to their high progression. In this scenario, nanotechnology
appears as an alternative to overcome these clinical challenges concerning two distinct
ways: acting on the stroma or/and acting directly on the pancreatic tumor cells. Thus,
this review aimed to highlight advances in the application of nanotechnology aiming to
open up new landscapes against PDA. There are a huge number of nanoparticles carrying
drugs in preclinical and clinical trials for the effective treatment of PDA. These works
have been discussed, and based on the current scenario, the future prospects for an efficient
treatment of PDA have been proposed.
Single-cell RNA Sequencing Analysis Identifies Key Genes in Brain Metastasis from Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Zilong , Cui Feifei , Zhou Murong , Wu Song , Zou Quan , Gao Bo
Published: March 2021

Background:

Lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) is the most common type of lung cancer
and is a subtype of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Approximately 40% of LADC patients experience
brain metastases (BMs) during the course of the disease. In this study, integrated bioinformatics
methods were applied to identify key genes related to brain metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods:

We derived and characterized genes differentially expressed between the primary tumour
and brain metastases using tumour cells isolated from two lung cancer Patient-derived xenografts
(PDX) cases (GSE 69405). Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses
were applied, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and Cytoscape software were utilized
to identify key genes.

Results:

Four key genes, including CKAP4 (Cytoskeleton Associated Protein 4), SERPINA1 (Serpin
Family A Member 1), SDC2 (Syndecan 2) and GNG11 (G Protein Subunit Gamma 11) were
identified for BM-LADC by the Venn diagram.

Conclusion:

We believe these key genes may be potential biomarkers for improved prognosis and
treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.
Influenza Viral Infections Surveillance and Clinical Presentations in Hospitalized Children: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Al-Iede Montaha , Sarhan Lena , Abushanab Leen , BaniAhmad Tamara , Almiani Refa , Alyasi Aysha , Khader Shatha , Aleidi Shereen M. , Alqutawneh Basim , Al-Zayadneh Enas
Published: March 2021

Background:

Influenza virus and other respiratory viruses have been identified as an essential
cause of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children worldwide. However, there are few
data on its frequency and clinical presentation in Jordan.

Objectives:

We aimed to identify the viral etiology of acute respiratory infections and the various
clinical presentations in hospitalized children, especially those with influenza viruses compared to
other respiratory viruses.

Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted at the Jordan University Hospital. All the positive
nasopharyngeal aspirates that were collected from hospitalized children aged 0-19 years from January
2017 to January 2019 were reviewed.

Results:

A total of 338 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) with positive viral serology results were
reviewed. Among the patients younger than four years, the RSV virus was the most frequently detected.
However, the Influenza B virus was the most commonly seen in patients older than 5 years,
H1N1 was more frequent in autumn (29.5%), and RSV was the most frequent virus in winter. Bronchopneumonia
was the most frequent diagnosis among all hospitalized patients, followed by bronchiolitis.
Out of 338 patients, 50.3% had tachypnea, 70.7% of patients were admitted to the pediatric
floor, while 18.6% presented with a severe illness and required admission to the pediatric intensive
care unit (PICU).
Infants under the age of one were more likely to have higher co-infection rates with other viruses
compared to children over five years that had influenza.

Conclusion:

Presentations of influenza and other respiratory viruses vary between different age
groups, such as sepsis in children younger than one year.
Theoretical Basis of Technical-tactical Behavior and its Application in Ultimate Full Contact Training
Authors: Pinto Fernando C. Loio , Neiva Henrique P. , Ferraz Ricardo
Published: March 2021

Background:

Technical-tactical training has been shown to be relevant to performance in a competition. In this regard, several studies have analysed the efficiency of technical-tactical dynamics in combat sports. However, these researchers have mainly focused on technical efficiency, and therefore more research is needed regarding tactical efficiency. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, there are no published experiential studies on Ultimate Full Contact.

Objective:

This brief review will analyse the theoretical basis of technical-tactical behaviour for training application in Ultimate Full Contact, characterising the modality under cognitive and dynamic-ecological approaches. This knowledge can be transferred and applied to similar modalities, such as Pankration, Free Fight, Shooto, and Mixed Martial Arts (MMA).

Conclusion:

The theoretical technical-tactical knowledge created through competition is essential because it is the only way that improvement in the training process can occur. Ultimate Full Contact is characterised as a combat sport of special complexity and intermitent intensity, where the technical-tactical factors are decisive for the performance while the physical component can be a conditioning factor. A careful regulation between technical-tactical training load and physiological load is essential to obtain adjustable adaptations. Both cognitive and dynamic-ecological approaches should be considered based on the respective training models.
Plant uses by the Topnaar of the Kuiseb Valley Namib Desert
Authors: Van Damme Patrick , Van Den Eynden Veerle , Vernemmen Patrick
Published: March 2021

The Kuiseb Topnaar use some 50 different plants for food, woodfuel, cosmetics, as drugs, for construction, . . . . The different plants are presented here and their uses discussed and compared to uses in other settings.
Predicationele en specificationele objectcomplementen in het Frans
Authors: Tobback Els
Published: March 2021

In this article it is shown that the direct object complement and indirectobject complement of the French verbs of nomination élire andnommer function differently with regard to information structure. Thedirect object complement has the characteristics of the "predicate-focus"structures, whereas the indirect object complement can be considered tobelong to the "argument-focus" structures. This way it seems possible torelate the two types of object complement to the typology of subjectcomplements, the direct object complement corresponding to the predicationalsubject complement, and the function of the indirect objectcomplement being analogous to that of the specificational subject complement.It is shown, furthermore, that the word order potential (i.e. thepossible positions of the direct object constituent and the object complementconstituent) is different for both object complement types. Onceagain, a parallelism can be drawn with the subject complement sentences.
Naar een groter Belgisch-Congo?
Authors: Vijgen Ingeborg
Published: March 2021

Among the various issues down for consideration at the Paris PeaceConference (January-June 1919) was the destiny of the former Germancolonies. Belgium held part of German East Africa under military occupationin order to enforce its bargaining power. The ultimate goal wasan enlargement at the Western border of the Congo colony, but at theclose of the conference the region Ruanda-Urundi at the Eastern borderwas mandated to Belgium by the League of Nations. This article considershow this peculiar transaction was concluded with one key question:why did Belgium finally administer as a mandate a territory that it neverwanted?