bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges Confronting Nigeria Indigenous Construction Enterprise
Authors: Akinsiku Olusegun Emmanuel
Published: June 2021

Construction activities in Nigeria are dominated by foreigners’ managed construction enterprises. These companies constitute less than 5 percent of the number of construction enterprises in Nigeria; however, they are involved in over 95 percent of high net-worth construction activities. Nigeria Indigenous Construction Enterprises (NICE) are faced with numerous challenges that have limited their performances. This makes construction clients to patronize foreigners’ managed construction firms because of the flaws in the performances of NICE. There have been measures on how to make NICE relevant, but most attempts have achieved little or no success. This study was aimed at examining the challenges of NICE in the face of the present scenario and to proffer ways of possible improvement. Primary data were collected by administering a structured questionnaire to both clients and contractors who are involved in the day-to-day construction activities. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, mean score and Kruskal-Wallis test. The study identified 25 challenges of NICE and 18 ways of improving NICE performance through careful literature reviews. The analysis of the total ranking among stakeholders revealed that limited technical expertise, insufficient profit on projects and delay in the payment of contractors for work done were the highest-ranked challenges. Application of project management techniques in construction activities, quality control of materials and improving production capabilities were the most important means of improving NICE performance as identified. The findings of this study will help to improve the competitiveness of indigenous contractors if well implemented as it will help to reduce the cost of construction as the competition nest for performing contractors will be widened.
A new and ecological miniaturized method by spectrophotometry for quantification of vancomycin in dosage form
Authors: Nascimento Patrícia , Kogawa Ana , Salgado Hérida Regina Nunes
Published: June 2021

Vancomycin, an important antibiotic, is marketed as lyophilized powder. In the context of routine analysis of this product, the existence of a more advantageous and effective method is interesting. Thus, the objective of this work is to develop and validate a new analytical method, faster, low-cost, ecological and miniaturized for quantification of vancomycin in lyophilized powder using spectrophotometry in ultraviolet region. Buffer solution pH 6.8, quartz cuvette with capacity of 700 µL and 280 nm were chosen. The method proved to be linear in the range of 50-150 µg/mL (0.9997). The selectivity of the method was proven in two ways: The standard-sample overlay aimed to identify vancomycin in the sample; The forced degradation test (sample solutions prepared in 0.01 M HCl, 0.01 M NaOH and aqueous conditions and kept at 60 ºC by 8 hours, and UV 254 nm at ambient temperature during 24 hours) aimed to show the susceptibility of the method to consequently indicate the stability of the sample. It was precise in intraday (RSD 1.27%), interday (RSD 1.18%) and between analysts (RSD 1.92%) levels. It was robust when small variations were performed in seven important parameters (wavelength, cuvette, filtration step, dibasic and monobasic phosphate brand, ultrasound time and source of water). The accuracy was proved by the standard recovery test and showed mean recovery of 101.10%. This method can be applied in routine analysis of quality control of vancomycin lyophilized powder and it is an effective, accessible and ecological alternative, which follows the Green Analytical Chemistry principles, presenting less waste generation, no use of toxic solvents, smaller sample volumes and required diluents, which impacts on the final cost of the analyzes.
Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm to Catching Pattern of Change in District/City Poverty Variables Before and The Beginning of The Covid-19 Pandemic in Sulawesi Island
Authors: Novidianto Raditya , Irfani Rini
Published: June 2021

The first goal of the SDGs is to end poverty in any form. The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected several economic indicators, especially absolute poverty, especially in Sulawesi Island, which has increased poverty indicators, leading to the movement of values between districts/cities.  The grouping will show similar characteristics of absolute variable poverty. By the Fuzzy method clustering, each observation has a degree of membership so that from the degree of membership can be identified which areas have vulnerable to move from one cluster to another. Grouping using fuzzy algorithms will get an overview of districts of concern to the government during the pandemic so that the variable indicators of absolute poverty do not worsen due to the pandemic. Comparison with the absolute variables of poverty in 2019 and 2020 in the headcount index (P0), Poverty Gap Index (P1), and Poverty Severity Index (P2) in districts/cities on the island of Sulawesi based on silhouette coefficients shows that optimum clusters formed as many as 2 clusters, with a coefficient of 0.57 and 0.60 respectively. Cluster 1 has characteristics including areas with absolute poverty rates that tend to be more prosperous than cluster 2 in the 2019 and 2020 data groups on the island of Sulawesi. The fuzzy algorithm detects areas prone to displacement from cluster 1 to cluster 2, namely Bombana, Bone, Sangihe Islands, South Konawe, and Siau Tagulandang Biaro in 2019 and Bombana, Bone, Sangihe, and Maros Islands in 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 has not had much impact on the macro indicators of poverty seen in the transfer of membership from 2019 to 2020, which only occurred to 3 districts that changed, namely bolaang mongondouw and konawe selatan from cluster 1 to cluster 2 and Maros from cluster 2 to cluster 1.
Implementation of Constant Elasticity of Substitution Function and Data Envelopment Analysis: Productivity and Technical Efficiency of Large Industry Creative Economy in Craft Subsector Indonesia
Authors: Zuhoran Khusnudin Tri Subhi , Budiasih
Published: June 2021

Indonesia has undergone a transformation from agriculture to the manufacturing industry in 1971-1997. In the 2001-2015 period there was de-industrialization in developed countries. Likewise, Indonesia which shows a decrease in the contribution of GDP and manufacturing sector workforce to the economy. However, deindustrialization in Indonesia is premature / too fast. One of the policies to overcome this problem is with attention to the creative industry. With the existence of the creative industry, it can achieve several SDGs goals, namely the 8th goal, namely decent work and economic growth, the creative economy can increase economic growth, create jobs and increase exports (UNCTAD, 2010). However, the creative industry GDP growth that is below the RPJMN target is thought to indicate low productivity of the creative industry. According to IBS data, the craft sub-sector creative industry has a low production value. To see productivity can use technical efficiency. This study aims to evaluate the technical efficiency of creative industry in the craft sub-sector as well as to analyze the trend of variables that affect technical judgments. The method used is the CES production function and Data Envelopment Analysis. The results show that industries that have high total production factor values have a tendency to have high technical efficiency values as well. Furthermore, those arranged according to technical categories and binary logistic regression are used to determine trend variables that affect technical judgments. The technical efficiency of the craft, significantly by wages, investment status and company scale.
Application Biplot Analysis on Mapping of Non-Convertive Diseases in Indonesia
Authors: Suryowati Kris , JP Maria Titah , Nasution Nurzaidah
Published: June 2021

Non-communicable diseases is diseases that are not caused by germs but rather because of physiological or metabolic problems in human body tissues. Usually, this disease occurs due to unhealthy lifestyle. One way to find out how large the spread of non-communicable diseases is by mapping the disease using biplot analysis. Biplot analysis is applied to determine the proximity information between objects, the length of the change vector, the correlation between modifiers, and the value of the change in an object. The study was conducted in 33 provinces with twelve non-communicable diseases. Descriptive analysis of twelve non-communicable diseases averaged the highest joint disease of 10.51 followed by hypertensive disease 8.85 and Stroke 6.42. While the lowest average disease is Heart Failure disease by 0.10 it is still open to research with other methods and also need to add supporting variables
Quiste mesentérico gigante: reporte de caso
Authors: Martínez Montalvo Carlos Mauricio , Muñoz Delgado Deiner Yivelson , Jiménez Sánchez Héctor Conrado , Siado Guerrero Sergio Andrés , Esguerra Sánchez Diana Carolina , Ordoñez Galvis David Alejandro
Published: June 2021

El quiste mesentérico es una patología intraabdominal poco frecuente, en su mayoría benigna. El tratamiento casi siempre es quirúrgico y consiste en la resección del quiste y de los órganos involucrados siempre que sea posible con el fin de reducir la tasa de recurrencia. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 38 años con dolor abdominal inespecífico y diagnóstico ecográfico de masa retroperitoneal zona II izquierda gigante. Los estudios de extensión incluyeron tomografía axial computarizada, resonancia magnética y endoscopia de vías digestivas altas, cuyos hallazgos informaron una lesión quística gigante. Se realizó resección quirúrgica de la lesión por vía abierta, con diagnóstico histopatológico de quiste mesentérico.
EndoFLIP: una nueva tecnología
Authors: Hani Albis , Delgado Villarreal Andres Fernando , Bejarano Janeth , Meza Diana , Ramirez Rosangela , Pinto Mariano , Cordoba Jeiler , Buitrago Tamayo Andrea Carolina , Amaris Amaury , Ardila Hani Carolina
Published: June 2021

Mediante la distensión de un balón con líquido conductor, la sonda de imagen luminal funcional endoluminal (EndoFLIP) evalúa las propiedades biomecánicas como la distensibilidad, volumen, presión e inclusive diámetros de regiones esfinterianas como la unión gastroesofágica, píloro y ano. La mayor evidencia en la utilidad clínica de la EndoFLIP está en los trastornos de motilidad esofágica, principalmente para identificar acalasia cuando la manometría esofágica de alta resolución y otras imágenes no logran diagnosticarla e inclusive, mediante el programa de FLIP 2.0, caracteriza la acalasia en subtipos a partir de patrones de motilidad del esófago distal en respuesta a la distensión. Se ha demostrado recientemente que la EndoFLIP tiene un rol diagnóstico, pronóstico o terapéutico en otras patologías como la esofagitis eosinofílica, reflujo gastroesofágico, gastroparesia, durante la fundoplicatura y dilatación esofágica.
Autoimmunity and Antibody Dependent COVID-19 Enhancement of SARS CoV-2 Vaccination: A Global Human Right to Know then Decide.
Authors: Kelleni Mina
Published: June 2021

mRNA based and adenovirus vectored vaccines, were first ever or first
commercially ever approved for the public, respectively. However, these
new types possess a potential risk to induce auto-immune diseases e.g.,
thrombocytopenia and some of these complications might also reason for
some of the post vaccination sudden death reports e.g., autoimmune
myocarditis and immune induced thrombosis and thromboembolism. Moreover,
all SARS CoV-2 types of vaccines, depending on the spike protein
immunogenicity, especially the conventional inactivated ones might
increase the likelihood of COVID-19 severity upon re-infection through
antibody dependent enhancement which might reason for the recently
described abundance of hospital admissions within seven days of
vaccination and might also reason for some of the serious adverse
effects encountered with administration of convalescent plasma to
COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, SARS CoV-2 vaccines might share in
development of some lethal SARS CoV-2 variants. Finally, we suggest that
making these COVID-19 vaccines compulsory or administering them to
children or pregnant participants might be considered as a crime against
humanity and an informed personalized risk benefit ratio especially for
described high risk groups must be secured.
Application of a PBPK Model of Rivaroxaban to Prospective Simulations of Drug-Drug-Disease Interactions with Protein Kinase Inhibitors in CA-VTE
Authors: Cheong Eleanor Jing Yi , Ng Daniel Zhi Wei , Chin Sheng Yuan , Wang Ziteng , Chan Eric Chun Yong
Published: June 2021

Background and Purpose Rivaroxaban is emerging as a viable anticoagulant
for the pharmacological management of cancer associated venous
thromboembolism (CA-VTE). Being eliminated via CYP3A4/2J2-mediated
metabolism and organic anion transporter 3
(OAT3)/P-glycoprotein-mediated renal secretion, rivaroxaban is
susceptible to drug-drug interactions (DDIs) with protein kinase
inhibitors (PKIs), erlotinib and nilotinib. Physiologically based
pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling was applied to interrogate the DDIs for
dose adjustment of rivaroxaban in CA-VTE. Experimental Approach The
inhibitory potencies of erlotinib and nilotinib on CYP3A4/2J2-mediated
metabolism of rivaroxaban were characterized. Using prototypical OAT3
inhibitor ketoconazole, in vitro OAT3 inhibition assays were optimized
to ascertain the in vivo relevance of derived inhibitory
constants (K). DDIs between rivaroxaban and
erlotinib or nilotinib were investigated using iteratively verified PBPK
model. Key Results Mechanism-based inactivation (MBI) of CYP3A4-mediated
rivaroxaban metabolism by both PKIs and MBI of CYP2J2 by erlotinib were
established. The importance of substrate specificity and nonspecific
binding to derive OAT3-inhibitory K values of
ketoconazole and nilotinib for the accurate prediction of DDIs was
illustrated. When simulated rivaroxaban exposure variations with
concomitant erlotinib and nilotinib therapy were evaluated using
published dose-exposure equivalence metrics and bleeding risk analyses,
dose reductions from 20 mg to 15 mg and 10 mg in normal and mild renal
dysfunction, respectively, were warranted. Conclusion and Implications
We established the PBPK-DDI platform to prospectively interrogate and
manage clinically relevant interactions between rivaroxaban and PKIs in
patients with underlying renal impairment. Rational dose adjustments
were proposed, attesting to the capacity of PBPK modelling in
facilitating precision medicine.
The effect of hormone replacement therapy on the survival of UK women: a retrospective cohort study 1984−2017
Authors: Akter Nurunnahar , Kulinskaya Elena , Steel Nicholas , Bakbergenuly Ilyas
Published: June 2021

Objective: To estimate the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
on the hazards of overall and age-specific all-cause mortality in women
aged 46 to 65 at first prescription. Design: Matched cohort study.
Setting: Electronic primary care records from The Health Improvement
Network (THIN) database, UK (1984−2017). Population: 105,199 cases and
224,643 controls matched on age and general practice (GP). Methods:
Parametric Weibull-Cox regression model adjusted for age at first
treatment, type of HRT, birth year, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and
its treatments, coronary heart disease, oophorectomy/hysterectomy, body
mass index, smoking, and deprivation status. Main outcome measures:
All-cause mortality. Results: The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of overall
all-cause mortality in combined HRT users was 0.91 (95%CI 0.88−0.94),
and in oestrogen-only users was 0.99 (0.93−1.07), respectively, compared
to non-users. Age-specific adjusted HRs for all-cause mortality in
groups aged 46-50, 51-55, 56-60, and 61-65 years at first treatment were
0.98 (0.92−1.04), 0.87 (0.82−0.92), 0.88 (0.82−0.93), and 0.92
(0.85−0.98), in combined HRT users compared to non-users, and 1.01
(0.84−1.21), 1.03 (0.89−1.18), 0.98 (0.86−1.12), and 0.93 (0.81−1.07) in
oestrogen-only users, respectively. Conclusions: Oestrogen-only HRT has
no impact on all-cause mortality, but combined HRT reduced the risks.
This new information on the long-term risks and benefits of HRT should
be used to inform women deciding whether to start or continue with HRT.
Funding: IFoA. Keywords: Hormone replacement therapy, menopause,
mortality, primary care records. Tweetable abstract: Oestrogen-only HRT
is not associated with all-cause mortality and combined HRT reduces the
risks.
IS SLIM BETTER THAN PAUNCHY?
Authors: Gontijo Bayard , Pereira Fernanda Lübe Antunes
Published: June 2021

Aorto-Pulmonary Mismatch (APM) in Transposition of the Great Arteries
(TGA) may be accountable for dilatation of neoaortic root and
regurgitation of neoaortic valve as late complications of ASO. The
manuscript from Arcieri et al. highlights an important aspect about ASO
technique: should we approach APM during ASO and what would be the best
strategy to do so? Techniques to approach APM at the time of ASO have
been published sporadically and are very rarely employed by surgeons.
Reconstruction of the neoaorta is generally achieved by trimming of the
suture line between pulmonary root (neoaortic root) and ascending aorta
resulting in an abnormal dilated and bulky neoaortic root already at the
time of ASO. Reduction of the pulmonary root dimension by ressection of
a fragment of the pulmonary artery wall possibly results in a more
homogenous neoaorta with consequent better hemodynamics. We believe that
approaching APM during ASO will have a compelling positive impact in the
late survival of the patients with complex TGA.
A combined medication safety assessment of rivaroxaban with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for cancer patients: focusing on CYP2J2 and CYP3A4
Authors: Zhao tingting , Li Xuening , Chen Yanwei , Wang Dalong , Wang Liyan , Zhao Shan , Wang Changyuan , Meng Qiang , Sun Huijun , Liu Kexin , Wu Jingjing
Published: June 2021

Background and purpose: Cancer patients are always complicated with vein
thromboembolism, thus the combination of anticoagulants with anti-cancer
drugs has profound foundations. This study aimed to assess the safety of
rivaroxaban comminating with three tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in
cancer patients. Experimental Approach: The inhibition of three TKIs on
CYP2J2- and CYP3A4-mediated rivaroxaban metabolism was first screened
and then reversible and mechanism-dependent inhibitory kinetic constants
were determined. Molecular docking was conducted to reveal the
interactions between TKIs and CYP2J2 and CYP3A4. Finally,
pharmacokinetic parameters of cancer patients were used to assess the
safety. Key Results: Imatinib and gefitinib significantly reversibly
inhibited CYP2J2- and CYP3A4-mediated rivaroxaban metabolism, while
sunitinib only showed reversible inhibition of CYP3A4, not CYP2J2. Three
TKIs also showed time-dependent inactivation of CYP3A4. Notably,
sunitinib had the strongest inactivation effect on CYP3A4 than the other
TKIs with a 4.00-fold IC50 shift, however, a slight effect on CYP2J2.
Docking simulations revealed the relation of inhibitory activity to
ChemScore. Additionally, drug-drug interaction risks of combinations
were assessed using pharmacokinetic data of cancer patients. Imatinib,
which showed the strongest inhibition, was predicted to cause a
114–244% increase in rivaroxaban exposure. Conclusion and
Implications: Imatinib was predicted to have a moderate DDI risk when
was combined with rivaroxaban. These results provide evidence for
medication guidance when combining rivaroxaban with TKIs for cancer
patients, and also give new insight for the DDI assessment involving
rivaroxaban.
Comparto Paesaggio: Innovare senza perturbare
Authors: Genovese Virginia , Simone Edvige , Spisso Manuela Lucia
Published: June 2021

Le leggi che si sono succedute dal 1948 ad oggi hanno modificato e dato
forza alla tutela del paesaggio, stabilendo che per paesaggio si intende
la stratificazione delle azioni antropiche e naturali. Per sottolineare
la complessità e l’importanza del paesaggio è stato proposto il caso
studio di un impianto eolico off-shore. Attraverso la relazione
paesaggistica è stato esaminato lo stato attuale del paesaggio naturale
ed urbano in cui è inserito il progetto ed è stata stimata l’incidenza
che tale progetto avrà sul contesto.
Tecniche di individuazione degli impatti: analisi delle potenziali applicazioni
Authors: D'Ambrosi Pietro , Giaquinto Pietro
Published: June 2021

Per poter realizzare un progetto verificando coerentemente la
compatibilità dello stesso con i comparti ambientali con cui
quest’ultimo interagisce, è necessario eseguire correttamente le varie
fasi inerenti alla valutazione ambientale.  Prefissata quindi la
determinata opera che si intende realizzare, è fondamentale scegliere
anzitutto tra le alternative a disposizione quella che minimizzi le
pressioni negative esercitate sul territorio. Scelta l’alternativa
idonea si passa allo studio delle interazioni tra la stessa e i comparti
ambientali inerenti all’area in questione.

La seguente analisi passa rispettivamente per l’identificazione, la
stima e quindi la valutazione dei potenziali impatti.

Eseguite le suddette fasi è possibile valutare se siano necessari o meno
eventuali interventi di mitigazione o compensazione e quindi, effettuata
la valutazione degli impatti residui, verificare la compatibilità
ambientale del progetto con i comparti interagenti con esso.

In caso di impatti negativi significativi è necessario valutare
un’alternativa al progetto o di localizzazione. Viceversa, constatata
dall’ imprenditore la sostenibilità economica dell’opera, è possibile
passare alla redazione dello Studio di Impatto Ambientale.

La fase di identificazione degli impatti è fondamentale per garantire la
considerazione di tutti gli aspetti ambientali con cui l’opera
interagisce direttamente e indirettamente, oltre che evitare di
trascurare eventuali azioni progettuali comportanti potenziali impatti.
Female urge Incontinence is Associated with Somatosensory Amplification, Health Anxiety and Depression
Authors: Fırat Fatih , Öztekin Ünal , Tokpınar Adem , Caniklioğlu Mehmet , Gurtan Emin , Tok Sibel , Halis Fikret
Published: June 2021

Purpose: Incontinence is a condition that can cause significant problems
that can affect patients’ quality of social, emotional, psychological
and sexual life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of
anxiety, health anxiety, depression, and somatosensory amplification in
patients with urge incontinence. Materials and Methods: The study group
consisted of 58 patients that met the inclusion criteria. The control
group consisted of 67 volunteer participants that did not have physical
or psychiatric illness and incontinence complaints. All participants
filled out sociodemographic data form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI),
Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Somatosensory Amplification Scale (SSAS),
and Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI). Results: The mean duration of
incontinence in patients with urge incontinence was 16.55 ± 10.03
months. The mean age in urge incontinence group and the control group
were 40.98 ± 9.58 and 39.1 ± 7.89 years, respectively. The mean values
of SSAS, HAI, and BAI scores in the incontinence group were
significantly higher than the control group (p <0.001), but
there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of BDI
scores. The linear regression analysis indicated that HAI and BAI
significantly affected SSAS (p = 0.025 and 0.019, respectively).
Conclusions: Anxiety, health anxiety and somatosensory amplification are
more common in patients who report urge incontinence. For these reasons,
we believe that psychiatric evaluation should be included in the
diagnosis and treatment process of patients presenting with urgency and
incontinence symptoms. Keywords: Incontinance, Somatosensory
Amplification, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory,
Urgency.
Evaluation of four pre-operative models for prediction of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy in localized prostate cancer
Authors: Kutluhan Musab , Ünal Selman , Özsoy Emrah , Şahin Aytaç , Ozayar Asim , Okulu Emrah , kayıgil önder
Published: June 2021

Background: Biochemical recurrence (BCR) can be seen in the early or
late period after radical prostatectomy (RP). Various models have been
developed to predict BCR. Objective: In our study we evaluated accuracy
of four pre-operative models (GP score, PRIX, D’Amico risk
classification, CAPRA) in predicting BCR after RP in Turkish patients.
Methods: Age, preoperative total prostate specific antigen (PSA) values,
clinical stages, total number of cores taken in biopsy, number of
positive cores, preoperative biopsy Gleason score (GS), follow-up time
and presence of BCR after RP were recorded. BCR was defined as a total
PSA value > 0.2 ng / dl twice consecutively after RP.
Classifications or scoring was performed according to pre-operative
models. The 1, 3 and 5 year (yr) BCR-free rates of the patients were
determined for each model. Also the accuracy of four predictive models
for predicting 1, 3 and 5-yr BCR was evaluated. Results: For all
pre-operative models there was statistically significant difference
between risk groups in BCR free rates at 1, 3 and 5-yr after RP
(p<0.001). The Harrell’s concordance index for 1-yr BCR
predictions was 0,802, 0,831, 0,773 and 0,745 for the GP score, PRIX,
CAPRA and D’Amico and respectively. For 3-yr BCR predictions it was
0,798, 0,791, 0,723 and 0,714 for the GP score, PRIX, CAPRA and D’Amico
and respectively. Finally, The Harrell’s concordance index for 5-yr BCR
predictions was 0,778, 0,771, 0,702 and 0,693 for the GP score, PRIX,
CAPRA and D’Amico and respectively. Conclusion: In prediction of BCR,
accuracy of GP scoring and PRIX seems slightly higher than CAPRA and
D’Amico risk classification. Surely our results should be supported by
head to head comparisons with in other larger cohorts
Fetal echocardiographic assessment: impact of gestational age and maternal obesity.
Authors: Patabendige Malitha , Kodithuwakku S.U. , Perera M.N.I. , Dias Tiran
Published: June 2021

Introduction: To identify the ability to acquire various fetal cardiac
views using two-dimensional ultrasound at different gestational age and
body mass index (BMI) categories. Material and methods: We performed a
prospective observational study among low-risk women with singleton
pregnancies attending the University Obstetrics Unit, North Colombo
Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka. The ability to obtain satisfactory
views for the situs, four chambers (4CH), right and left outflow tracts
(ROFT/LOFT), three vessels (3V), aortic arch (AA), ductal arch (DA), and
superior and inferior vena cava (SVC/IVC) of fetal heart was studied.
Results: A total of 314 eligible pregnant women underwent fetal
echocardiography and 288 had complete data. All eight cardiac views were
obtained with a 100% success at the gestational age of 18 to 21+6
weeks. All eight cardiac views were satisfactory in more than 97% at
the gestational age of 22 to 25+ 6 weeks. BMI was not significantly
associated with acquisition of cardiac views at all gestations (Log-rank
test, p=0.62). All eight cardiac views were obtained with 50% success
at 14 -17+6 weeks and 5.4% success at 11-13+6 weeks. Conclusions: The
ability to acquire all fetal cardiac views was best at 18 to 21+6 weeks
of gestation, but reasonably successful till 26 weeks. The acquisition
of all cardiac views was sub-optimal in early gestations below 18 weeks
and for some of the cardiac views after 26 weeks. BMI does not hamper
the ability to obtain cardiac views during fetal echocardiography.
IR detection of the methane halides fluid-like state at ambient conditions
Authors: Grinvald Iosif , Kapustin Rostislav
Published: June 2021

The paper presents the IR-study of the fluid-like state, generated at ambient conditions, for methane halides (iodomethane, tetrachloromethane, trichloromethane and dichloromethane). It was shown that at vapor compressionextension procedure realized in variable thickness spectral cell (VTOC), the dual phase state exhibiting both gas and liquid properties arises. A reversible transition from a gas-like to a liquid-like shape, independent on the thermodynamic characteristics of the studied methane halides, was revealed.
Increasing Insulin Pump Use Among 12- to 26-Year-Olds With Type 1 Diabetes: Results From the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative
Authors: Lyons Sarah K. , Ebekozien Osagie , Garrity Ashley , Buckingham Don , Odugbesan Ori , Thomas Sarah , Rioles Nicole , Gallagher Kathryn , Sonabend Rona , Lorincz Ilona , Alonso G. Todd , Kamboj Manmohan K. , Lee Joyce M.
Published: June 2021

Insulin
pump therapy in pediatric type 1 diabetes has been associated with better
glycemic control than multiple daily injections. However, insulin pump use
remains limited. This article describes an initiative from the T1D Exchange
Quality Improvement Collaborative aimed at increasing insulin pump use in
patients aged 12–26 years with type 1 diabetes from a baseline of 45% in May
2018 to >50% by February 2020. Interventions developed by participating
centers included increasing in-person and telehealth education about insulin
pump technology, creating and distributing tools to assist in informed
decision-making, facilitating insulin pump insurance approval and onboarding
processes, and improving clinic staff knowledge about insulin pumps. These
efforts yielded a 13% improvement in pump use among the five participating centers,
from 45 to 58% over 22 months.
Globalização – sob uma perspectiva decolonial – e consumismo: impactos nas relações de trabalho
Authors: Silva Gabriela Bins Gomes da , Teodoro Maria Cecília Máximo
Published: June 2021

O artigo pretende estabelecer conexões entre a globalização – fenômeno marcante da modernidade – e o consumismo na sociedade pós-moderna para melhor entender os impactos que exercem nas relações laborais e sociais. Tendo como marco teórico os estudos decoloniais acerca da formação do sistema global capitalista e partindo de método jurídico prospectivo, o artigo objetiva descortinar invisibilidades e evidenciar continuidades da lógica colonial nos dias atuais. A par disso, far-se-á uma crítica à sociedade do consumo, que instrumentaliza os trabalhadores e é fator de manutenção do sistema. Almeja-se, com esse debate que utilizou como método de pesquisa a revisão de literatura, promover caminhos reconstrutivos baseados nos valores humanos e sociais em detrimento dos valores puramente mercadológicos e homogeneizadores. Ao final do estudo, será possível concluir que a integração mundial, que se dá a partir do mercado, mantém pessoas em situações de subalternidade, o que justifica uma reflexão crítica acerca da formação do capitalismo e dos seus efeitos, que pode ser feita a partir da valorização dos produtos culturais marginais, que evidenciam a pluralidade de vozes existentes na sociedade.
Reflexos da judicialização de políticas públicas: abordagem a partir da concepção de Schmidt-Assmann sobre a proteção dos direitos fundamentais
Authors: Longobucco Breno , Dias Maria Tereza Fonseca
Published: June 2021

Os direitos fundamentais positivados no texto constitucional de 1988 limitam e controlam a atuação do poder público, na perspectiva de assegurar vida digna aos cidadãos. A efetivação destes direitos está atrelada, em muitos casos, a implementação de políticas públicas pelo Estado. No entanto, fatores diversos, que vão desde à escassez de recursos financeiros até a própria omissão, comprometem a capacidade de respostas da Administração. Deste modo, nota-se o crescimento expressivo da atuação do Poder Judiciário em questões atinentes à esfera de atuação do Poder Executivo. Assim, partindo da concepção teórica de Schmidt-Assmann acerca do impulso dos direitos fundamentais sobre o Direito Administrativo e a Administração Pública, o presente trabalho visa identificar os reflexos da judicialização das políticas públicas no Poder Executivo e na promoção da universalidade de direitos sociais, com destaque para as prestações na área saúde e educação.
O desequilíbrio econômico financeiro do contrato de concessão por inadimplemento do usuário como critério objetivo e legitimador da interrupção do serviço público à luz dos princípios do Estado Constitucional de Direito
Authors: Almeida Fabrício Bolzan de
Published: June 2021

A presente tese de doutoramento foi divida em três partes: Parte I – Serviço Público; Parte II – Continuidade do Serviço Público; e, Parte III –  Critério Legitimador da Interrupção do Serviço Público. Na parte inicial, abordamos os fundamentos constitucionais e infraconstitucionais do instituto serviço público e trouxemos as principais definições trazidas pela doutrina administrativista, além da nossa proposta de conceituação. Demonstramos ainda o regime jurídico de direito público e a importância da Escola Francesa de Direito para a construção da noção de serviço público. Na segunda parte desta tese entraremos no enfrentamento de um ponto de extrema relevância, o princípio da continuidade do serviço público. Para tanto, abordamos as noções de consumidor e de usuário do serviço público, bem como as diferenças principais entre tarifas e taxas no tocante à espécie de contraprestação pecuniária remuneratória dos serviços públicos. Traremos à colação a visão da doutrina nacional contemporânea sobre a possibilidade ou não da interrupção do serviço público em razão do inadimplemento do usuário, bem como a posição dominante e as exceções na jurisprudência do Superior Tribunal de Justiça. A parte derradeira desta tese será elaborada com o intuito de construir aquilo que defendemos como sendo um critério objetivo e legitimador da interrupção do serviço público em razão do inadimplemento do usuário, considerado o interesse da coletividade, conforme determina a Lei Geral de Concessões e Permissões dos Serviços Públicos e à luz dos Princípios Constitucionais do Estado Democrático de Direito.
VISUAL WORLDS OF Y. LYSYK
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University Department of Architectural Environment Design, Yu Bohdanova , I Kopyliak ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University Department of Architectural Environment Design
Published: June 2021

Contemplating the works of monumental art that surround us in everyday life, you always see the numerous sculptural decorations of Lviv houses, carefully look at the wall paintings of temples, catch the glare of coloured stained glass windows. And the city itself, which has not been subjected to crushing destruction, not only has a considerable number of monumental architectural objects but also acts as a large complex representing the philosophy of different historical periods of society's existence. We see all this almost daily. However, visiting the theatre is always an extraordinary event. You will be especially lucky if the performance is accompanied by scenography developed by the artist Yevhen Lysyk. His style reflects the ideas of the fashion trend of the second half of the twentieth century – postmodernism, which rejected the ideas of rationality and progress and professed to blur the boundaries of artistic genres and interpretive thinking. It erased the boundaries between mass and elite cultures, between the author and the viewer, and plunged into the world of sensations, game and irony. The style of monumental paintings and scenography performed by Y. Lysyk never conveys anything literally. These are the worlds of philosophical worldview, which was reflected in the metaphorical, symbolic, deep-meaning and hyperbolized transmission of images. The main idea is always hidden and does not open immediately. By watching the performance and immersing oneself in it, the viewer emotionally experiences the stories of the characters not only through the performance of the actors but also receiving a visual sensory impulse from the artistic design of the stage. So, a conceptual principle of Y. Lysyk is an idea that art does not reproduce reality, but expresses its essence. The design of the scene should evoke emotions, and should not be taken literally, so visual images through transformation (mimesis) always express a deep philosophical thought. The prototype of scenographic works is often nature, illustrating Leonardo da Vinci's statement that art is a mirror of nature. Y. Lysyk's works are characterized by his attitude to the depicted, a deeply emotional, passionate, and personal attitude. The main idea of the play is expressed by revealing the meanings that are hidden in the visual worlds of Yevhen Lysyk, which is complemented by the libretto and the actors' performance
GREENING OF LVIV: A REVIEW THROUGH HISTORY
Authors:   Department of Urban Planning and Design National University «Lviv Polytechnic», Liudmyla Makiichuk
Published: June 2021

The article highlights and analyzes the main periods of development of urban green areas of Lviv from the founding of the princely city to the present day. Methods of historical analysis and analysis of the scientific literature were used in the study to find the relationship between historical conditions and periods of development of green areas. Statistical analysis was also used to study statistics on green space, city area and population. Several main periods were identified during the study. The first period - the twelfth century. until 1777 – a period of rapid development of the "city in the walls" and changes in the surrounding lands. The first attempts at organized landscaping in the courtyards of monasteries and nearby cemeteries took place at this time. In the following period from 1777. by 1948, the decision to dismantle the walls and create the first planned landscaping of the city was made. Also, large parks near the estates of noble families were built. Since 1948 after 1917 the ecological situation in the city has deteriorated due to the active development of technology and industry, and the construction of residential areas with gardens has revived. Holding a National Exhibition in the 90s of the XIX century. was the impetus for the creation of new green areas. In the period of 1918 until 1939 the pace of landscaping of the city decreased, landscaping was organized mainly in the central part. At this time, Drexler's idea of expanding Lviv was realized, and the idea of forming a structure of landscaping in the form of three concentric circles is still relevant. From 1939 to 1980, the city's landscaping was actively and gradually developed, new parks were created, and suburban green areas for recreation were developed. The most modern stage – from gaining Independence to the present day – is the period when green areas need planned improvement and protection. The study confirmed the view that green areas are closely linked to historical events, such as wars or the active development of certain areas of the economy. Also, only quantitative indicators of green areas do not fully inform about the filling of the city with green spaces at different times, so it is necessary to take into account the qualitative characteristics.
ARCHITECTURE OF NATIONAL THEATER PAVILIONS AT THE EXHIBITIONS OF THE PRAGUE QUADRIENAL, AND IN PARTICULAR, THE FIRST UKRAINIAN
Authors:   Department of Architectural Environment Design Lviv Polytechic National University, Viktor Proskuryakov , Yu Cholavyn ,   Department of architectural environment design Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Roman Lyzun ,   Department of architectural environment design Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: June 2021

The article highlights the ideas of forming the architecture of scenographic pavilions at world exhibitions that demonstrate works of theatrical art on the example of those that presented theatrical art at one of the most famous forums in the world – the Prague Quadrennial in 1967-2019 (PQ), and in particular, the first Ukrainian ones. Quadrennial events are held every 4 years and present the development of various theatrical arts: architecture, scenography, performing arts, theatre skills, etc. But few of the interesting architectural solutions of national pavilions and installations are represented in professional, educational, popular and scientific publications. Therefore, the authors of the article decided to highlight various architectural ideas of national theatre pavilions (Belgium, the former USSR and Russia, Germany, Slovakia, Spain, Estonia), and in particular, the creation of the architecture of the first Ukrainian ones. The authors – teachers, postgraduates, students of the Department of Architectural Environment Design – relied upon and developed the architectural and scenographic ideas of the world-famous scenographer Y. Lysyk in 2015, 2019. The space of which in the first case was a stage, the horizon and wings of which were similar to the curtain from the performance of Lysyk's ballet "Romeo and Juliet", and in the second case, in 2019, space resembled the "amphitheatre" of the Ukrainian prehistoric theatre for Kupala drama. The horizon was enlarged based on the artist's sketch for the folk opera "When the Fern Blooms".
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF MAHASISWA PADA MATA KULIAH PENGETAHUAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Mukharomah Ervina , Hidayat Saleh , Handaiyani Sapta , Kartika Ade
Published: June 2021

Penelitian yang berjudul Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap kemampuan kognitif Mahasiswa pada Mata Kuliah Pengetahuan Lingkungan. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran PBL terhadap nilai kognitif mahasiswa di Prodi Biologi Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang yang mengambil mata kuliah Pengetahuan Lingkungan. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di FKIP Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang pada mahasiswa semester VII (tujuh). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Eksperimental semu. Dengan menggunakan Kelas eksperimen kelas VII A yang berjumlah 44 orang mahasiswa dan kelas VII B berjumlah 35 orang mahasiswa diberikan perlakuan menggunakan Model PBL. Adapun data yang digunakan adalah data kuantitatif dari kedua kelas. Data kuantitatif dari kedua kelas diberikan Preetest-Postest untuk mengetahui pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based learning terhadap kemampuan kognitif pada kedua kelas. Hasil penelitian dengan memberikan soal berjumlah 22 soal dengan tipe 10 Soal Pilihan Ganda, 5 Soal Menjodohkan, 5 Soal Sebab Akibat dan 2 Soal Essay. Dari hasil Pree-test nilai terendah 20 dan nilai tertinggi 76. Nilai Post-test nilai terendah adalah 66 dan tertinggi adalah 97. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang sangat nyata di dalam penerapkan model pembelajaran PBL terhadap nilai kognitif mahasiswa yang dilihat dari nilai sebelum diberikan perlakuan dibandingkan nilai yang telah diberikan perlakuan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai Pre-test dan Post-test memiliki nilai signifiansi sebesar 0,530 artinya sig > dari 0,05
Evaluation of Open and Distance Learners' Views on Employment
Authors: Kılınç Hakan , Altınpulluk Hakan , Fırat Mehmet
Published: June 2021

The rise in youth unemployment rates across the world is considered as an important problem. Higher education institutions tasked with raising the human profile needed for various business sectors are undergoing a digital transformation, supported by digital technology. The focus of this digital transformation is open and distance learning. Open and distance learning is becoming increasingly important, and is becoming an effective way to access the most up-to-date information, especially for working adult individuals. Open and distance learning, which covers mass education activities, reach more people than face-to-face education by its nature and so it produces more graduates. This important feature of open and distance learning necessitates studies to reveal the employment status of graduates in different countries. Using the basic qualitative model, this study aims to examine open and distance learners' views on employment. Thus, the employment-related views of 92 open and distance learning graduates from Anadolu University in Turkey, Open University in UK, and Indira Gandhi National Open University in India were analyzed. The themes obtained through content analysis were peer views, expectations for employment, gaining prestige after graduation, career planning, increasing diversity in the business sectors of open education, and the need for experience for employment. The study is concluded with suggestions for both application and research.
Otelcilik Sektöründe Sendikal Güven Algısı: Sektör Paydaşları Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: Yıldırgan Recep , Batman Orhan
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışma Türkiye otelcilik sektöründeki sendikalaşma eğilimini sendikalara olan güven ve güvensizlik boyutları açısından ele almaktadır. Yaşanan sorunların temelinde sektörün kendine özgü koşulları, istihdamın yapısı, işverenlerin örgütlenmeye yaklaşımları, turizm çalışanlarının sendikalı olup/olmaması etken faktörler olarak gösterilmektedir. Konunun sektörün paydaşları olan çalışanlar, profesyonel otel yöneticileri ile sendika yöneticileri açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırma verileri hem nicel hem de nitel olarak elde edilmiştir. İstanbul ve Antalya’da çalışan 805 otel çalışanından anket ile nicel veriler toplanmıştır. Profesyonel otel yöneticileri ve sendika yöneticileri ile derinlemesine mülakatlar yapılarak nitel veriler elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları otel çalışanlarının sendika ve sendikacılara yönelik güven eksikliklerinin olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Sendika yöneticileri bu iş kolundaki düşük sendikal örgütlenmenin daha çok sektör sermayedarlarının tutumlarından kaynaklandığını ileri sürmüşlerdir. Sektör işverenleri ve profesyonel otel yöneticilerine göre ise mevcut sendikal yapının değişmesi durumunda sendikal örgütlenmeye sıcak bakabilecekleri görüşü tespit edilmiştir.
Analisis Faktor Konfirmatori Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale
Authors: Azizah Putri Nur , Widiana Herlina Siwi , Urbayatun Siti
Published: June 2021

Resiliensi yang merupakan kapasitas individu dalam menghadapi peristiwa yang kurang menyenangkan sangatlah dibutuhkan dalam masa pandemi seperti saat ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji validitas dari skala Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) pada populasi orang Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menguji empat faktor resiliensi skala CD-RISC yaitu fleksibilitas untuk mengatasi perubahan dan tantangan, dukungan dari keluarga dan lingkungan sosial, pengaruh spiritual dan memiliki kehidupan yang berorientasi pada tujuan. Seratus sembilan subjek penelitian yang berusia antara 18 sampai dengan 40 tahun berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara online dengan mengisi google form. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) dengan software AMOS 24. Berdasarkan analisis dengan metode CFA dapat disimpulkan bahwa struktur faktor pada model pengukuran skala CD-RISC fit. Skala CD-RISC valid untuk mengukur resiliensi pada orang Indonesia.