bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discovery Learning Model in Elementary Schools (Modification of Model Based on Learning Video Media)
Authors: Khairat
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the improvement in student learning outcomes using a discovery learning model based on video learning media. The type of research is experimental research, namely conducting learning as an effort to improve student learning outcomes in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning. The research design used in this research is One Groups Pretest-Posttest Design, namely a research design that includes a pretest before treatment and a posttest after treatment. The results of research related to the use of discovery learning learning models based on learning video media obtained an N-Gain value of 0.73 with a high category with a percentage of 73.00% and the calculated results of the significance level of 0.000 were smaller than the significance of 0.05 (0.000<0.05) which concluded that there was an increase in student PAI learning outcomes after learning using the discovery learning learning model based on video learning media in class V of SD Negeri 104242 Lubuk Pakam, Deli Serdang Regency, Academic Year 2022/2023.
Effectiveness of Classical Services with Jigsaw Technique to Improve Pancasila Student Profile in Madrasahs
Authors: Putri Dwi Oktavia  , M. Fauzi Hasibuan
Published: August 2024

Although various previous studies have examined the theme of Jigsaw as an active learning approach in the classroom, no one has examined it from the aspect of student character development. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of classical services with Jigsaw techniques to improve the profile of Pancasila students in madrasah. The setting of this research is Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 3 Langkat, North Sumatra. This research used quantitative experimental method, by comparing the experimental group that received classical service with Jigsaw technique and the control group with conventional classical service. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed statistically. The results of this study showed a significant increase in students' empathic attitudes after treatment, with the experimental group showing a higher increase. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov 2 Independent Samples analysis confirmed the effectiveness of the Jigsaw technique (p < 0.05). The majority of experimental group students (88%) achieved the very high category in empathic attitude. This success was attributed to students' active participation, cooperative learning, and diverse interactions. Despite limitations, this study provides strong evidence of the effectiveness of the Jigsaw technique in improving empathic attitudes, contributing to the development of students' character and social skills as per the Pancasila Learner Profile.
Counselor Responsibility in Confronting the Neglected Counselor Label
Authors: Gusman Lesmana  , Widya Anggriani Putri  , Sri Rezeki
Published: August 2024

This research aims to reveal how the responsibility of guidance and counseling teachers in confronting the neglected guidance and counseling label. The type of research used in this research is literature, where the author uses a descriptive normative research approach with more emphasis on the power of data analysis from existing data sources. Researchers to collect information that is relevant to the topic or problem that will be or is being researched. The results of this research show that guidance and counseling teachers play an important role in students' success in undergoing the education process at school. The duties of a guidance counselor include understanding and observing student behavior as well as providing counseling services that help students overcome the various problems they face. Not only teaching and providing counseling to students, guidance counselors also have many responsibilities that must be carried out in accordance with the counselor's professionalism. Basically, guidance and counseling teachers are needed to meet the social and psychological needs of children at school. BK teachers are seen as teachers who solve the problems of undisciplined children. In fact, guidance and counseling teachers have a big role in shaping the character of students, not just dealing with the problem of naughty children, but their role is very crucial in guiding students to be successful in learning.
Monitoring and Evaluation of Teacher Performance Improvement at LC Laensasi (Mindanao-Philippines)
Authors: Almighty Cortezo Tabuena
Published: August 2024

This research aims to describe monitoring and evaluation of improving teacher performance in LC Laesansi (Mindanao-Philippines). This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive study methods. Based on the research results, it was found that: First, management planning to improve teacher performance, namely, program personnel discuss determining the program and steps that must be taken by involving teachers in various education and training, activating teacher forums in the field of study, providing the necessary facilities and carrying out supervision pushing / directing. The efforts made by the school principal turned out to be effective. Second, monitoring and evaluation of teacher performance improvement management has been carried out by the school principal and an appointed team with the aim of finding out any deficiencies in implementation so that improvements can be made to plans that will be prepared and implemented next. Third, the problems found in teacher performance improvement management include external problems
The Enduring Power of Giving and Caring from Cavemen to Kind Hearts: A Neutrosophic Multi-Criteria Decision Making Approach
Authors: Christianto Victor , Smarandache Florentin
Published: August 2024

Giving and caring are not just warm and fuzzy feelings; they are the bedrock of a healthy society. By understanding the neuroscience and sociology behind these behaviors, we can cultivate a world that prioritizes cooperation, compassion, and the well-being of all its members. We used the single valued neutrosophic sets (SVNSs) with the multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method for evaluating the giving and caring impacts. We used TreeSoft to divide the problems as a tree. The SVNSs were used to overcome uncertain information in the evaluation process. The SVNSs were integrated with the DEMATEL method to compute the relationships between criteria. This study used nine criteria. The results show the criterion 5 has the highest impacts and criterion 1 has the lowest criterion.
Transforming the Judicial System: The Impact of Machine Learning on Legal Processes and Outcomes
Authors: Qutueshat Enas Mohamed Ali , Quteishat Anas Mohammad Ali , Qtaishat Ahmed
Published: August 2024

This paper explores the transformative impact of Machine Learning (ML) on legal processes and outcomes within the judicial system, aiming to analyze current applications, evaluate benefits and challenges, and assess ethical and practical implications. A comprehensive methodology is employed, including a literature review of academic articles, industry reports, and legal documents, case studies of specific ML tools like Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS) and ROSS Intelligence, and interviews with legal professionals, data scientists, and ethicists. Key findings reveal that ML enhances efficiency, accuracy, and accessibility in legal processes, with applications in recidivism prediction, legal research, e-discovery, and online dispute resolution. For instance, tools such as COMPAS aid in predicting recidivism rates, while ROSS Intelligence and CaseText streamline legal research through Natural Language Processing (NLP). However, significant challenges arise, particularly concerning data privacy, algorithmic bias, and the ethical implications of automated decision-making, as evidenced by criticisms of the COMPAS system for potential racial bias. The research underscores the necessity of interdisciplinary collaboration between legal experts and data scientists to develop robust and legally sound ML tools. The implications of these findings are profound, calling for clear policies and regulations to ensure transparency and fairness, the development of ethical frameworks to address bias and privacy concerns, and the provision of education and training for legal professionals in data science and ML. The paper concludes that continuous research and refinement of algorithms are essential to address emerging challenges and expand the beneficial applications of ML in the legal field, contributing to a more efficient, equitable, and accessible judicial system.
The Impact of Village Head Leadership and Village Fund Allocation on the Environmental Quality of Village Settlements
Authors: Noer Alinursal , Amar Syamsul , Aimon Hasdi
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze the impact of village head leadership and the allocation of village funds on the quality of the village settlement environment. Ecological standards are needed by living creatures for the sustainability of their lives. This can be a good ecosystem and requires an ecological label to balance economic interests and ecological preservation. With regional autonomy, it is hoped that it can improve the economy through development activities in various sectors, several environmental problems emerged during the regional autonomy era, including: a) air pollution caused by energy consumption; b) increasing amount of waste due to increasing population; and c) exploitation of natural resources such as logging and burning of forests, fishing with explosives, and uncontrolled exploitation of natural mineral resources. This study was conducted in Padang Pariaman Regency, which is in West Sumatra Province, involving 103 villages in Padang Pariaman Regency. The Smart PLS application is used to process and analyze data. The results of the study show that village head  leadership has a significant influence on the quality of the village settlement environment and the allocation of village funds has a significant impact on the quality of the village settlement environment.
Avances y desafíos en la producción lechera en Chimborazo: Advances and challenges in dairy production in Chimborazo
Authors: Erazo Rodriguez Fredy Patricio , Rosero Erazo Carlos Rolando , Benavides Lara Julio César , Oñate Mancero Francisco Javier
Published: August 2024

"Avances y desafíos de la producción lechera en Chimborazo" es un estudio exhaustivo que explora profundamente la industria lechera en una de las regiones más representativas de Ecuador. Este libro se estructura en seis capítulos que abarcan desde el progreso histórico y actual de la producción lechera hasta los desafíos contemporáneos que enfrenta el sector, incluyendo análisis técnicos, económicos y financieros. Los temas varían desde las características específicas de diferentes razas bovinas hasta las implicaciones ambientales de las prácticas ganaderas. También se discute el impacto de los sistemas de producción intensiva y las estrategias para mejorar la alimentación y el manejo de residuos en las granjas lecheras. El libro no solo proporciona un análisis detallado de la estructura de costos, inversiones y resultados financieros de la producción lechera en Chimborazo, sino que también ofrece un marco para el entendimiento de las dinámicas del mercado y la cadena de comercialización de la leche. Los capítulos finales se dedican a estudios de mercado, viabilidad económica y estrategias financieras, concluyendo con recomendaciones prácticas y una guía de parámetros esenciales para proyectos futuros en el sector. Este compendio es una herramienta invaluable para académicos, profesionales y decisores políticos interesados en mejorar y sostener la industria lechera en regiones de alta montaña.
Konsep Pendidikan Muhammad Ali Pasha dalam Konteks Modernisasi: Akses, Kurikulum, Kesetaraan, dan Infrastruktur
Authors: Dawolo Surya Rahmani , Lase Delipiter , Waruwu Eliyunus
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji reformasi pendidikan yang diinisiasi oleh Muhammad Ali Pasha di Mesir pada awal abad ke-19, dengan fokus pada aspek modernisasi, akses, kurikulum, kesetaraan, dan infrastruktur pendidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis historis dan komparatif, menelaah kebijakan pendidikan Muhammad Ali Pasha, dampak jangka panjang reformasi tersebut, serta perbandingannya dengan reformasi pendidikan kontemporer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Muhammad Ali Pasha memainkan peran kunci dalam modernisasi pendidikan Mesir dengan mendirikan sekolah-sekolah baru, memperkenalkan kurikulum berbasis Eropa, membangun infrastruktur pendidikan, serta memberikan beasiswa untuk studi ke luar negeri. Reformasi ini memperluas akses pendidikan dan meningkatkan kesetaraan, meskipun masih terdapat tantangan dalam inklusi sosial dan ekonomi. Reformasi pendidikan Muhammad Ali Pasha memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap kemajuan sosial dan ekonomi Mesir. Meskipun pendekatannya sering kali otoriter, warisan reformasi ini tetap relevan dalam diskursus pendidikan kontemporer, terutama dalam konteks akses, infrastruktur, kesetaraan, dan relevansi kurikulum.
Recognizing the Need for Customized Social Stories: A Parent's Perspective in the Pakistani Context
Authors: Farid Khan Sonia , Sohaib Qureshi Maria , Bano Humara
Published: August 2024

This study explores the importance of customized social stories in the context of Pakistan to improve the social skills of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Data was collected from 62 parents of diagnosed children with ASD across various cities using a quantitative descriptive approach and survey method. The research instrument demonstrated a reliability score of Cronbach's Alpha 949, and field experts verified its validity. Findings reveal a solid parental desire to develop culturally relevant social stories to aid in teaching and supporting their children. Parents emphasized the effectiveness of these stories in enhancing their children's social skills and daily functioning. The use of social stories intervention for improving social skills among children with autism spectrum disorder is minimal, according to research that reviewed recent literature on the topic. It is because the social stories currently available are mainly in a western context, which does not accurately reflect Pakistan's social context, necessitating the development of customized social stories specifically tailored to the needs of Pakistan's current autistic population for different difficult social situations. This study will offer a piloted mechanism to assess the written and visual content of a given customized social story in the Pakistani context and a tentative framework for creating and assessing customized social stories to ensure their appropriateness for Pakistan's environment and culture. The study concludes that there is a significant need to create and disseminate customized social stories within the Pakistani context, providing valuable resources for parents to train better and support their children with ASD at home and in various social situations.
Perspektif Hukum terhadap Maraknya Kasus LGBT di Indonesia
Authors: Iqbal Wahyu Permana
Published: August 2024

One of the hottest issues currently rife in Indonesia is regarding sexual deviations known as LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender/Transsexual). LGBT itself in Indonesia is certainly much opposed by society. This research was conducted using the literature study method, an approach that focuses on analyzing existing literature to collect, understand, and evaluate information related to the topics discussed. The results obtained in this study are that LGBT is an activity that is not in accordance with existing laws in Indonesia according to a legal perspective LGBT is deviant, LGBT also spreads many sexually transmitted diseases while the factors that cause someone to become LGBT are genetics, environment and traumatic experiences.
TRADISI GUGUR GUNUNG MASYARAKAT PEDESAAN
Authors: Anas Khoiruddin , Endah Wahyuningsih  , Noer Shobirin
Published: August 2024

Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang lunturnya tradisi gugur gunung dan dampak yang ditimbulkannya, di desa Mundusewu, kecamatan Bareng, Jombang. Tradisi gugur gunung (atau dengan sebutan lain) yang mengandung nilai-nilai luhur, seperti kerekatan, guyub, dan oorientasi pada kepentingan bersama, perlahan-lahan semakin luntur bahkan mulai hilang keberadaannya. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Perspektif teori menggunakan kerangka pemikiran evolusi untuk menjelaskan realitas yang di kaji. Kajian ini menghasilkan beberapa kesimpulan : (1) Proses luntur dan hilangnya tardisi gugur gung terjadi ketika terjadi perubahan kepemilikan lahan pertanian, yang secara tidak langsung pemerintahan desa terlibat dalam proses tersebut, (2) Alokasi anggaran dari pemerintah untuk pembangunan desa, yang menyebabkan warga desa kehilangan kemandirian, dan tergantung kepada pemerintah, (3)  Luntur dan hilangnya tradisi ini berdampak pada berbagai bidang; ekonomi, sosial, dan kebudayaan.
Stereotype dan Labelling Terhadap Perempuan Dalam Video Asusila Artis RK Pada Media Massa
Authors: Niya Zahra
Published: August 2024

Abstrak
Pada 22 Mei 2023 publik digemparkan dengan video asusila diduga aktris berinisial RK. Pemberitaan kasus video asusila ini menarik banyak media massa untuk berlomba-lomba mejadikan isu ini sebagai headline di portal berita mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat cara media massa memberitakan kasus video asusila RK dan melakukan pembingkaian pada sosok perempuan dalam kasus video asusila RK sehingga membentuk stereotype dan label terhadap perempuan melalui delapan berita yang diambil dari portal berita yang beragam. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis framing Pan & Kosicki karena peneliti ingin melihat cara media massa mengkonstruksi pemberitaan video asusila melalui teks dan gambar yang dimunculkan pada berita video asusila RK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kedelapan berita cenderung memfokuskan pembahasan pada sosok perempuan yang ditujukan pada aktris RK.
 
Kata kunci: Framing, Video Asusila, Stereotype, Labelling
Hubungan antara Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) dengan Perilaku Phubbing pada Remaja Awal di SMP Negeri 3 Tasikmadu Karanganyar 2023/2024
Authors: Farik Nur Rochim  , Hera Heru Sri Suryanti  , Eko Adi Putro
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine if there is a correlation between fear of missing out (FOMO) and binge eating behavior among young teenagers in SMP Negeri 3 Tasikmadu Karanganyar 2023/2024. This research was done in SMP Negeri 3 Tasikmadu Karanganyar. The subjects of this research were 60 students of classes VIII E and VIII B. This research is a quantitative correlative research. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. Observation, interviews and questionnaire methods are the main methods used to obtain data on the fear of missing out and phubbing behavior. Meanwhile, the documentation method is a method extra In addition, the analysis techniques used are the normality test and the correlation test of moments and raw digital products. Based on the results of the data analysis regarding the relationship between the fear of missing out (FOMO) and bullying behavior among the adolescent youth of grade VIII of SMP Negeri 3 Tasikmadu Karanganyar in 2023/2024, it can be conclude that the results of the data analysis shows that the data get a calculated r value of 0.394. Then, the calculated r-value was seen with the product moment table of r with N = 60 and a significant level of 5% and 1%, 0.254 and 0.330, respectively. It turned out that the results of the data analysis obtained a higher r number. table size r or 0.254<0.394>0.330. In this regard, the null hypothesis or (Ho) that "There is no relationship between the fear of missing out (FOMO) and offensive behavior among young teenagers in SMP Negeri 3 Tasikmadu Karanganyar 2023 / 2024" is rejected and not proven. and the working hypothesis (Ha) that “there is a correlation between the fear of missing out (FOMO) and demanding behavior in adolescent youth SMP Negeri 3 Tasikmadu Karanganyar. 2023/2024", was found to be true at the 1% or 5% level of significance.
Structural Equation Modeling of Green Economy Outcomes in Thailand’s Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Lalaeng Chanyaphak , Hongsakul Bharis
Published: August 2024

This research aimed to analyze the causal relationship model and outcomes of the Green Economy in Thailand’s manufacturing industry. Data was collected through a questionnaire targeting small and medium enterprise (SME) operators in the Thai textile manufacturing industry, who are registered as legal entities and SME members. The statistical analysis involved confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). The major findings revealed that the structural model was well-aligned with the empirical data. The study demonstrated that the Green Economy, market effectiveness, and competitive advantage all had significant positive effects on business performance. Further analysis showed that the Green Economy directly influenced market pressures and competitive advantage. Additionally, the study identified positive direct relationships between market pressures, green dynamic capabilities, and socially responsible leadership with the Green Economy.
Modeling Factors Influencing Purchase Intention of Eco-Friendly Packaging in Malaysia
Authors: Hoo Wong Chee , Lin Ang Sin , Wolor Christian Wiradendi , Shaznie Aminath , Prompanyo Manoch
Published: August 2024

Consumer choices for environmentally friendly items have been affected by the increased global awareness of environmental sustainability. Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) will be used for this research. Using a thorough consumer survey, this study looks at Malaysians' desire to buy environmentally friendly packaged goods, as well as the variables that affect their choices. This study aims to determine the causal relationship between the dependent variable (purchase intention) and the independent variables (attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control). The questionnaire distributed online to a total of 384 Generation Z individuals in Malaysia through Google Forms. SmartPLS 4 software used to analyze the data in this study which included measurement model and structural mode. It used to determine the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The results show that perceived of behavioral control, attitude, and subjective norm all affect purchase intention. However, this study has some limitations and it will described in in the following section. And some suggestions for further research recommended in the following section as well.
A brief analysis of the crime constitution of disabled youth committing property offenses
Authors: Zhang Mei , Shi Nian
Published: August 2024

Disabled adolescents, compared to healthy adolescents and adults, are a vulnerable group and are also part of the youth team; they are the future builders and enjoyers of the nation's development and prosperity. Since the enactment and implementation of the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Persons with Disabilities," it has played an important role in promoting the development of the cause of disabled persons and protecting their legal rights and interests. However, with the development of society and economy, new issues and situations have arisen in the protection of the rights and interests of persons with disabilities, among which the property offenses committed by disabled adolescents are quite prominent and have their own unique characteristics of crime composition. By studying the crime composition of property offenses committed by disabled adolescents, exploring the problems and challenges faced in the process of protecting the rights and interests of disabled adolescents, and reducing the re-occurrence of such crimes, we can thus contribute to maintaining a harmonious and legal Chinese Dream.
National Drowning Report 2024
Authors: Koon William , Miller Lauren , Willcox-Pidgeon Stacey , Lawes Jasmin , Kelly Sean , Stolper Rebecca
Published: August 2024

The National Drowning Report 2024 provides an analysis of fatal drowning across Australia between 1 July 2023 and 30 June 2024. This analysis is designed to help water safety organisations, community members, and those who manage water spaces reduce the risk of drowning. Data was collated from the National Coronial Information System (NCIS), State and Territory Coronial offices, lifesaving organisations, and year-round media monitoring. There were 323 drowning deaths in the one-year study period; detailed analysis presents fatal drowning by age, sex, location of drowning, activity prior to submersion, State / Territory and other variables.
Comparison of Outcomes of V-Y Atasoy vs Pentagonal Advancement Flap in the Management of Fingertip Injuries Allen Type II and III in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Bandong Diana , Bai Justiniano
Published: August 2024

Background. Fingertip injuries are the most common traumatic conditions of the hand, affecting productivity and livelihood due to a decrease in manual labor capabilities. The V-Y Atasoy advancement flap is typically effective in managing dorsal or transverse fingertip Allen type II and III injuries but may result in complications like dog ears, flap necrosis, paresthesia, and hook nail deformities.
Objective. This paper aimed to describe the assessment, operative technique, and outcomes in patients with fingertip injury Allen type II and type III treated with the V-Y Atasoy advancement flap versus the pentagonal flap. We also aimed to compare the outcomes and complications associated with each technique.
Methodology. A randomized controlled trial was done among patients with fingertip injury Allen type II and III who were admitted to a tertiary hospital.
Results. There were no significant differences in the rates of immediate complications (flap necrosis, infection, dog ear deformity) or short-term outcomes (two-point discrimination, Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test) between the two groups. Most patients had excellent satisfaction and were able to return to work.
Conclusion. Patients of the two groups had good to excellent outcomes and had minimal complications, with no significant differences between the groups. The pentagonal flap can be an alternative to the V-Y Atasoy flap in managing fingertip injuries, especially those with a larger surface area of injury.
A New Modular Nail Spanning System for Cement Spacer Reconstructions after Tumor Resection of the Knee
Authors: Villaruel Ephrem Phil , Araneta Karla Teresa , Escanillas Seth Arsel , Gaston Czar Louie
Published: August 2024

Limb Salvage procedure is now the management of choice for most musculoskeletal malignant tumors. Thanks to advances in imaging and adjuvant modalities, limb salvage has become an oncologically safe option.
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the use of a new modular titanium nail spanning system designed and developed locally in the Philippines which consists of two interchangeable end-to-end interlocked IM nails in varying sizes and a sliding nail connector that can be locked in place with two set screws. Results have shown good outcomes. Several implants have been used to augment these spacers such as Kuntscher nails, Steinmann pins, plates, and other fixed-angle devices. The challenge lies in increasing the longevity of these constructs as the durability beyond 26 months has not been well established. We present two patients who underwent a knee resection arthrodesis for distal femur osteosarcoma and reconstruction using the Tumor Nail System. The largest and longest possible diameter nails were inserted: one antegrade through the tibia and the other retrograde through the femur. Once the connector was locked, the defect was filled with antibiotic-impregnated cement. Post-operative recovery was unremarkable and patients were able to do pain-free full weight bearing on their affected lower extremity. This implant’s advantages include its modularity, ease of insertion, secure and robust nail connector, and circumventing contamination of the hip unlike traditionally inserted Kuntscher nails. This system is a viable option for primary knee resection-arthrodesis procedures following tumor resection. Long-term follow-up is needed to establish implant durability. Further studies can also show the potential of this implant for use as an initial spacer even in non-oncologic cases.
Pattern of Psychoactive Substance Use in Sierra Leone: A Descriptive Retrospective Study
Authors: Eze George Okechukwu , Onyishi Nnaemeka , Nnaji Francis C , Jalloh Abdul , Kpallu Kelfa Koromba , Goba Kinie
Published: August 2024

Background
Substance use, and pattern of consumption varies across population and may, within a particular population, show temporal variations in accordance with changing fads. Understanding the pattern of substance use in a population is key to any programme of demand reduction. Thus, we studied a consecutive series of patients with substance use disorders in our facility, aiming to determine the patient profile and pattern of substance use.
Methods
Hospital’s digital register was consulted and data of patients who were seen over a 16-months period, and who had diagnosis of ‘alcohol and substance use disorder’ were retrieved and analyzed.
Results 
Seven hundred and nineteen patients were treated for substance use disorder over a 16-months period. Age of patients ranged from 16 to 69 years with mean age (SD) of 28.7(9.2) years. Majority were males (91%), single (87%) and had been to secondary or tertiary school with or without graduation. Fifty nine percent (421/719) of the patients admitted being on ‘Kush’, 49% on alcohol, 47% on cannabis, 11% on tramadol and 5.6% on cocaine. About 71% of the patients were poly-substance users while 29 percent were on one agent. Alcohol, ‘Kush’ and cannabis were the most common preferences of those who use more than one agent.
Conclusions
  Substance use disorder in Freetown was most prevalent in young, adult, secondary school educated males. ‘Kush’ was the most common agent of abuse and frequency of polysubstance use is high. Understanding the factors responsible for low substance use among females in the population might point to some preventive control measures.
Recognising generative and autonomous AI as a ‘juridical person’
Authors: Ganguli Prabuddha
Published: August 2024

In the current era, there is a significant global effort to establish legal and regulatory frameworks for the responsible use of artificial intelligence (AI). The discussions surrounding autonomous AI highlight challenges related to its technological transparency and, often, opacity. Despite the widespread application of AI in various fields, debates persist on decision-making processes, the necessity for safe and fair outcomes and the need for regulatory platforms ensuring compliance and governance in AI implementation. Issues such as the ‘authorship’ and ‘inventorship’ of autonomously generated creations, particularly in cases like the ‘device for autonomous bootstrapping of unified sentience’, have sparked intense debates and legal proceedings in multiple locations, including the UK, USA, Australia, Germany, New Zealand, Taiwan and the EU. The Supreme Court of India judgment in 2019 presents a detailed analysis for the recognition of idols as juristic personality. The judgment provides sufficient basis for the creative recognition of ‘generative and autonomous AI’ as a ‘juridical person’. Such a recognition would entitle the AI system to a patent both as an inventor and an applicant satisfying all the essential requirements of the Indian Patents Act. Alternatively, an appropriate `sui generis` system will have to be developed in various jurisdictions based on some commonly accepted principles.
Adapting to climate change and the European Union pursuit of a just transition
Authors: Field Brian G.
Published: August 2024

The European Green Deal was launched by the European Commission (EC) in December 2019, before being formally approved in 2020. It comprises a package of policy measures that aim to set the European Union (EU) on the path to a green transition, with the ultimate objective of achieving climate neutrality by 2050. Despite the EU’s longstanding commitment to reducing carbon emissions in support of climate change mitigation and the achievement of its net zero ambition, this paper focuses on the growing importance of climate change adaptation within its policy portfolio. With respect to the latter, the long-term vision is for the EU to become a climate-resilient society that is also fully adapted to the unavoidable impacts of climate change. Achieving climate neutrality and a climate-resilient society by 2050 will be more challenging for some EU member states and regions than for others, eg poorer regions and those highly dependent on fossil fuels or with carbon-intensive industries that employ significant numbers of people. To address such issues, the EU has introduced a Just Transition Mechanism to help level the playing field and provide financial and technical support to regions most adversely affected by the move towards a low carbon economy. The paper traces the evolution of the EU’s climate policy agenda leading up to the adoption of the Green Deal, outlines its proposed road map in pursuit of climate neutrality and a climate-resilient society by 2050, and questions the efficacy of some its intermediate targets including the adequacy and equity of its just transition aspirations. It also details and scrutinises the key role that the European Investment Bank (EIB) will play in supporting delivery of the strategy.1,2
Synthetic data and European General Data Protection Regulation: Ethics, quality and legality of data sharing
Authors: Dwivedi Shalini
Published: August 2024

Synthetic data is increasingly being used across the financial services, clinical research, manufacturing and transport industries. In clinical research, use cases for synthetic data include secondary analysis to identify novel treatment pathways, to develop healthcare policies, to evaluate research methods and, importantly, to evaluate research hypotheses without exposing real patients to potentially harmful experimental treatments. Methods for creating synthetic data in a manner that can reconcile the privacy of clinical trial participants while preserving the utility of data for analysis are rapidly evolving. However, challenges remain that include obtaining appropriate consent for the use of real patient data in the creation of synthetic datasets, eliminating bias in synthetic data and ensuring that data privacy concerns can be addressed.
High-fidelity synthetic patient data applications and privacy considerations
Authors: Myles Puja , Mitchell Colin , Redrup Hill Elizabeth , Foschini Luca , Wang Zhenchen
Published: August 2024

This paper explores the potential applications of high-fidelity synthetic patient data in the context of healthcare research, including challenges and benefits. The paper starts by defining synthetic data, types of synthetic data and approaches to generating synthetic data. It then discusses the potential applications of synthetic data in addition to as a privacy enhancing technology and current debates around whether synthetic data should be considered personal data and,therefore, should be subjected to privacy controls to minimise reidentification risks. This will be followed by a discussion of privacy preservation approaches and privacy metrics that can be applied in the context of synthetic data. The paper includes a case study based on synthetic electronic healthcare record data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink on how privacy concerns due to reidentification have been addressed in order to make this data available for research purposes. The authors conclude that synthetic data, particularly high-fidelity synthetic patient data, has the potential to add value over and above real data for public health and that it is possible to address privacy concerns to make synthetic data available via a combination of privacy measures applied during the synthetic data generation process and post-generation reidentification risk assessments as part of data protection impact assessments.
From desperation to best practice: Spatial decision-making in the regeneration of Gyldenrisparken
Authors: Bican Nezih Burak
Published: August 2024

Post-war social housing estates in Europe have been undergoing wide-scale regeneration to improve the physical decay of these sites and address the concentration of vulnerable residents in these areas, which has resulted in their social segregation, marginalisation and stigmatisation. As these estates cover and affect quite large public spaces, holistic approaches have recently been adopted. Bearing in mind that each regeneration case is unique, this paper describes the collaborative approach taken in the regeneration of Gyldenrisparken in Denmark, which evolved from a desperate situation to a best practice case. The paper focuses on the spatial decision-making process — in particular, how the architectural quality of physical interventions was established and how participatory mechanisms were utilised and developed to enable liveable spaces and sustainable regeneration. Making use of a combination of qualitative documentary analysis and in-depth interviews with key actors, this study encompasses the whole regeneration process, including initiatives taken by the housing association and municipal agents, the methodology developed to collect ideas and implement them in the physical design of the public spaces, and the social effort to make the whole process sustainable and the estates liveable. It concludes that post-war estates have the potential to secure their future by embracing physical and social efforts through proactive empowerment strategies and creating new spatial identities.
American Privacy Rights Act: A first glance at the US Congress's newest comprehensive privacy bill
Authors: Determann Lothar , Hengesbaugh Brian , Toltzis Avi
Published: August 2024

The recently introduced the American Privacy Rights Act (APRA) represents the latest attempt to pass a comprehensive federal privacy law in the US that would vern privacy generally across the country. The draft bill proposes novel compromises on controversial topics such as federal pre-emption and rights of private action, which need refinement and are likely to be changed in the legislative process. The attempt to cover not-for-profit entities without accounting for their different purposes seems ill conceived and raises constitutional concerns. This paper examines the APRA in its constitutional, historical and policy contexts.
Community energy in Italy through the lens of social innovation
Authors: Nicolais Caterina , Battista Valentina
Published: August 2024

Sustainable urban regeneration, in particular with respect to energy, has become a very important issue for local communities currently as a result of the Green New Deal (GND). Renewable energy in domestic consumption is being used to initiate a transition to cleaner energy and limit environmental damage. Through the lens of social innovation, this paper highlights the continuous challenges faced in the transition to lower carbon energy by investigating the opportunity to change the classical top-down management approach to a bottom-up process. The paper fills a gap in the literature by presenting a regional overview of recent Italian community energy sector developments and outlines a number of national best practices in renewable community energy innovation.
The Heart of Healthcare: Development and Initial Validation of ‘Malasakit’ Scale in Healthcare Services
Authors: Conwi Lord Joseas , Acibron Alexa Martina , Alberca Mikaela Marie , Jamili Christine Keana , Nabor Justine Adara , Tena Lisa Emeri
Published: August 2024

‘Malasakit’ is an innate Filipino identity that manifests through the compassionate actions of healthcare professionals in their patient care, resonating ‘Malasakit’ throughout our society and culture. This study aims to develop and validate a ‘Malasakit’ scale by examining the psychometric properties and exploring how ‘Malasakit’ is perceived and implemented in healthcare settings. A scale of 85 items was given to 130 professionals in various healthcare services. The results of an analysis showed that the initial framework of four factors (Empathy, Care, Compassion, and Concern) was partially confirmed using Exploratory Factorial Analysis. Using the oblique rotation method (Promax) and principal axis factoring estimation, we extracted factors to comprehend variable relationships, ensuring analytical validity. We eliminated 39 of 85 questions with factor loadings below .50. We excluded items with two-factor cross-loadings near .50. Due to persistently low factor loadings below .35, arousal and relax factors were removed. To ensure a stricter scale, all items must share above 0.70 similarities. This strict approach yielded 19 items arranged into two categories. As a key finding, two characteristics emerged: Empathy (Cognitive and Somatic Empathy), found in the literature, and Compassion (Multicultural Competence Care, Reflective Patient-Centered Care, Affective Empathy, and Hospitality), emerging in Filipino health care services. The study found that the scale can assess empathy and care in healthcare services, including factors specific to Filipino healthcare practices.
The digital numismatics research development in Ukraine (2013-2021)
Authors: Tupchienko Mykola , Kolomiiets Olena , Sustrietov Anatolii
Published: August 2024

The significance of this historiographical study lies in the need to summarise the preliminary results of numismatic scientific thought development in the field of digitalisation and to determine further prospects for both digitalisation itself and scientific directions for its study. The research objective was to systematise and review the Ukrainian historiography concerning the use of modern technologies and general digitalisation processes in numismatic science during the period from 2013 to 2021: a crucial period from the beginning of the publication of the first works in this research area in Ukraine to its full institutionalisation and integration into international cooperation. The work was written using critical, comparative, evolutionary historiographical research methods and meta-analysis of sources, which allowed to determine the direction of the scientists’ interests and general trends in the digitalisation study development in numismatics. In the study process the author conducted a historiographical analysis of the national scholars’ works on the problems of numismatic digitalisation in 2013- 2021 in order to identify the views and changes related to the problem under study and to draw balanced and reasonable conclusions. The conducted study results showed that during mentioned period not only the Ukrainian scientific numismatic community prestige increased, but also new knowledge was formed, new methods and approaches in the numismatics study were rethought and formed. The study results demonstrated the importance of incorporating digital tools into the numismatists’ scientific practice, and specific recommendations for future research in this area are developed, considering its role in expanding opportunities for domestic research in the field of numismatics. The relevance and expediency of using specialised Internet sources for numismatic research, as well as their role in revealing new facts about the history of coinage and money circulation, were emphasised. The article analysed scientific publications that emphasise the importance of having official and properly structured resources that could serve as a basis for further research. The practical value lies in the possibility of applying the results and recommendations of the research in planning the topics of further numismatic and historiographical research, preparing lectures on the national numismatics history
Drug Utilization Study of Anticancer Drugs in Breast Cancer Patients at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Sunil Kumar Ellampati  , Sirisha S  , Stephania J  , Sumaya Bhanu K  , Surendra R  , Subiksha T  , Niranjan Babu M
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to assess the drug utilization of anticancer drugs in breast cancer patients at a tertiary care teaching hospital. The objectives were to identify the most commonly prescribed chemotherapeutic drugs and to study the side-effect profile using the CTCAE grading. A prospective observational study was conducted in the medical oncology department. Data was collected from 93 patients and analyzed for prescribing patterns, drug utilization, and side-effects. The majority of patients were aged 46-55 years (48.38%) and in stage III cancer (62.36%). Luminal B was the most common molecular subtype (35.48%). Neoadjuvant therapy was administered to 59.13% of patients, while 40.86% received adjuvant therapy. Trastuzumab was the most frequently prescribed drug in both neoadjuvant (34.54%) and adjuvant (36.84%) therapies. Ondansetron, aprepitant, dexamethasone, and olanzapine were commonly used as supportive treatments. Side-effects were experienced by 76.34% of patients, with 71.83% having grade 1 and 28.16% having grade 2 side-effects. The most frequent side-effects were nausea, vomiting, and alopecia. The onset of side-effects was highest after the 3rd chemotherapy cycle (28.16%). The study provides valuable information about the prescribing patterns and side-effect profile of anticancer drugs in breast cancer patients
Various Aspects of Language Education
Authors: Klemenchich Marijana
Published: August 2024

The book Various Aspects of Language Education brings together a group of authors, each with their unique perspectives, experiences and expertise in the realm of language education. In an era of global communication and cultural exchange, the role of language education has never been more crucial and therefore, we truly hope that this book will be an important source for educators, teachers, researchers, learners and anyone passionate about the transformative power of language. As we navigate the ever-evolving landscape of language education, we hope that this book serves as a timely guide covering various important aspects in Language Education.
Penerapan Kombinasi Kompres Dingin Daun Kubis Dan Back Rolling Massage Pada Ibu Nifas Untuk Memperlancar Poduksi Asi di Puskesmas Wanadadi 1 Banjarnegara
Authors: Solehah Fita ayu , Dewi Feti Kumala , Surtiningsih Surtiningsih
Published: August 2024

Cakupan pemberian ASI ekslusif di Kabupaten Banjarnegara pada bayi usia 0-6 bulan tahun 2022 sebesar 73,9% meningkat dibanding tahun 2021 yaitu sebesar 70,84%. Salah  satu kondisi yang bisa di jumpai pada ibu nifas yaitu ASI yang tidak lancar yaitu di Salah satunya di Puskesmas Wanadadi 1. Sehingga perlu upaya untuk mengatasi masalah produksi ASI yang tidak lancar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu penerapan Kombinasi Kompres Dingin Daun Kubis dan Back Rolling Massage untuk memperlancar produksi ASI pada ibu nifas. Metode yang di lakukan yaitu studi kasus. Sempel yang di gunakan yaitu 5 responden ibu nifas yang ASInya tidak lancar. menggunakan metode literature review yang diambil dari artikel atau jurnal ilmiah tentang Pemberian Kombinasi Kompres Dingin Daun Kubis dan Back Rolling Massage.Teknik pengumpulan data melalui anamnesa, pemeriksaan fisik, observasi di lakukan selama 3 hari dengan skala nyeri dan pompa payudara selama 20 menit per hari, terapi kompres 2 kali/ hari selama 20-30 menit, Back Rolling Massage 2 kali/ hari selama 3-5 menit dan dokumentasi. Hasil yang di dapatkan setelah pemberian terapi mengalami penurunan tingkat sekala nyeri sebelum dan sesudah penerapan, sebelum di lakukan terapi ditemukan nilai rata-rata 6,60 pada kategori nyeri intens kuat dan setelah di lakukan terapi terjadi penurunan rata-rata 1,20 kategori nyeri sangat ringan sehingga hasil menunjukkan bahwa adanya penurunan sekala nyeri setelah di lakukan terapi. Rata-rata volume ASI 1,40 ml sebelum dilakukan terapi  dan 21,60 ml setelah di lakukan terapi sehingga terdapat peningkatan.