bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatty Acid Profile of Sunflower Achene Oil From the Brazilian Semi-arid Region
Authors: Carvalho Claudio G. P. de , Caldeira Andressa , Carvalho Luciana M. de , Carvalho Hélio W. L. de , Ribeiro José L. , Mandarino José M. G. , Resende José C. F. de , Santos Ariomar R. dos , Silva Marcos R. da , Arriel Nair H. C.
Published: September 2018

The analysis of the fatty acid profile of an oil is important for optimizing its use in the processing and food industries. The present work evaluated the fatty acid profile from sunflower achene oil grown in the Brazilian semi-arid region and adjacent regions. The oleic, linoleic, palmitic and stearic acid contents were determined by gas chromatography (GC). An approximate 5 °C increase (from 19 °C to 24 °C) in the minimum temperature during lipid fraction (oil) formation in achenes yielded a 22.6% increase and a 21.9% decrease in the average oleic acid and linoleic acid contents (41.0% to 63.5% and 50.9% to 29.0%, respectively). The saturated fatty acids content tended to decrease as the minimum temperature increased, although the behavior depended on the environment and the tested genotypes. In general, genotypes Aguara 04 and CF 101 presented higher oleic acid and lower linoleic, palmitic and stearic acid contents than did the HELIO 250 and HELIO 251 genotypes.
Crambe Cake to Meloidogyne javanica Control in Lettuce
Authors: Ferreira Júlio César Antunes , Brito Olívia Diulen Costa , Débia Paula Juliana Grotto , Silva Beatriz de Almeida , Tarini Guilherme , Dias-Arieira Claudia R.
Published: September 2018

Crambe is an oilseed, which pressing for oil extraction results in the waste called crambe cake. The aforementioned waste may present potential to control nematodes, since it derives from brassica species. The aim of the current study is to assess the best crambe cake application to control Meloidogyne javanica in lettuce plants. Five experiments were carried out in a greenhouse by adopting different crambe cake application procedures; each experiment comprised five treatments (0 (control), 5; 10; 15; 20 g crambe cake per 1 L soil). Lettuce seedlings were cultivated in soil treated with crambe cake, and inoculated with 5,000 nematode eggs and occasional juveniles (J2). Nematological and vegetative parameters were assessed 45 days after inoculation. Nematode reduction was observed in the experiment that applied doses close to 15 g crambe cake to the soil surface; nematode control recorded 83 and 68% for eggs and J2 total and per root gram, respectively. The same parameters showed up to 82 and 93% reduction when the cake was incorporated to the first 8 cm deep into the soil. The number of eggs and J2 per root system reduced by 93% when the cake was incorporated to the total soil volume. Overall, the crambe cake did not increase plant development; in some cases, phytotoxicity was observed at the highest doses.
Ability of Citrus Root System to Overcome a Strong Wax Layer
Authors: Oliveira L. B. de , Filho M. A. Coelho , Arriero S. S. , Júnior F. A. Gomes , Cova A. M. W. , Soares Filho W. S. , Gesteira A. S.
Published: September 2018

The present work aimed to investigate the effects of mechanical impedance of wax layer (wax discs were installed 0.1 m deep) on root system deepening of citrus seedlings growing in columns with sand and nutrient solution. Two planting systems were evaluated: direct seeding (DS) and planting of seedlings (PS) (plants obtained from seed germination in tubes). Two experiments were carried out in a sequence: first to investigate the wax layer resistance levels (0.14 to 2.7 MPa) on root system penetration and two planting systems (DS and PS). The second evaluated the root and plant development of the two planting systems and two resistance of wax layer to root penetration: control (0.14 MPa) and a strong wax layer (1.06 MPa). The experimental design was randomized blocks, the first experiment in a 2 × 4 factorial scheme with 4 replications and the second a 2 × 2 factorial scheme with 6 replications. Resistance level ≥ 1.52 MPa (60% hard wax and 40% soft wax) completely limited root penetration in the artificial strong layer. The presence of strong wax disc reduced the citrus root system in both planting systems. PS was associated with greater root and shoot vigor, indicating that, in soils with good physical structure and porosity or allowing root deepening beyond the cohesive layer, this planting system is fully adequate, despite the possible benefit of not cutting the pivoting root in direct sowing.
Induction of Indirect Somatic Embryogenesis on Embryonic Axis of TRI2025 Tea Clone
Authors: Eskundari Ratna D. , Taryono Taryono , Indradewa Didik , Purwestri Yekti A.
Published: September 2018

Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) is classified as cross-pollinated crop and vegetative multiplication becomes commercially the main method of propagation with some limitations such as high heterogeneity and poor in survival rate and also in rooting. A proven tissue culture method, somatic embryogenesis, is the only challenging way to meet the needs of tea seedlings in large quantities. The study was conducted with TRI2025 tea clone selected from Polyclonal garden of PT. Pagilaran (Batang, Central Java). The explants were cultured on MS media supplemented with four concentrations of 2,4-D (0, 1, 2, and 5 mg L-1) in two incubation conditions; dark and light. The results showed the only concentration of 2,4-D that can induce somatic embryo was 2 mg L-1 2,4-D in light condition and its percentage was about 5%. Other concentrations of 2,4-D that given for treatments both in two conditions will not induce somatic embryo. This study needs more improvements for getting powerful and efficient of method to get somatic embryo-derived plant and also for futher successful genetic engineering of tea biotechnology.
Optimum Plot Size for Experimental Cassava Production
Authors: Sousa Roberto Pequeno de , Assis Janilson Pinheiro de , Rodrigues Walter Martins , Linhares Paulo César Ferreira , Cardoso Eudes de Almeida , Pereira Maria Francisca Soares , Paula José Aluisio de Araújo
Published: September 2018

This work aimed to determine the appropriate size of a plot for evaluation of cassava production. We performed a uniformity trial with the Mastruço cassava variety, in Pacajús, Ceará, Brazil, under dry conditions. Forty plants were cultivated at a spacing of 1.00 m × 0.60 m, in 15 rows. We manipulated 23 different plot sizes. The optimum size of the experimental plot was estimated by the maximum curvature method and the linear-plateau segment regression. We found an optimal plot size of 5.59 m2 for cassava production, what is lower than the size generally used in cassava studies.
Physiological Responses of Physalis angulata Plants to Water Deficit
Authors: Leite Romeu da Silva , Nascimento Marilza Neves do , Tanan Tamara Torres , Ramos Cristiane Amaral da Silva , Neto Lourival Palmeira Gonçalves , Guimarães David Santana
Published: September 2018

It’s known that drought affects crop growth, however, little is known about the physiological responses developed under these conditions by underexploited species, such as Physalis angulata. This study aimed at assessing the physiological responses of Physalis angulata plants after 40 days under different water availability (100%, 80%, 60%, 40% and 20% of pot field capacity). In this research, the effects of the water deficit on the relative water content, water potential, gas exchange, sugars accumulation and activity of nitrate reductase were evaluated. Water relations were affected mainly in plants under severe water deficit, however, the variables remained stable when cultivated at sub-optimal levels of field capacity. Gas exchanges were also affected by water deficit, with reduction in carbon assimilation, internal carbon, stomatal conductance and transpiration, as well as increased leaf temperature and water use efficiency. Plants accumulated sugars as a mechanism of tolerance to severe water deficit, while nitrate reductase activity was reduced. P. angulata plants develop important strategies to tolerate water deficit, contributing to the establishment of crops under low water availability.
Growth and Physiology of Cherry Tomatoes Under Organic Fertilization in Different Environments
Authors: Oliveira Letícia Kenia Bessa de , Costa Rafael Santiago da , Santos José Lucas Guedes dos , Lima Francisco Evair de Oliveira , Amorim Aiala Vieira , Marinho Albanise Barbosa , Mesquita Rosilene Oliveira
Published: September 2018

The cherry tomato is a vegetable that is gaining great prominence commercially and, for this reason, are being developed alternatives that aim to its production of more sustainable way. Among these alternatives are the use of organic fertilizers and barriers alive. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and gas exchange of cherry tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum var. Cerasiforme) cultivated under different organic fertilizations in an environment with and without alive barrier. The experimental design was randomized blocks with split-plot to the variables leaf area, leaves dry mass and stem dry mass, relative index of chlorophyll, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration and water use efficiency, being the plots defined by two environments (with or without barrier) and the subplots formed by the sources of organic fertilizer (chicken manure, bovine manure and without fertilization), with five repetitions. As for the variables plant height, stem diameter, used a split-split plot design with sub-subplots formed by the seven evaluation epochs (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49 days after transplanting). When cultivated in alive barrier environment and under fertilization with chicken manure, cherry tomato plants presented higher growth in height and stem diameter, with no difference between the leaf and stem dry masses. In contrast, the without alive barrier environment provided an increase in chlorophyll content and increases of 55.38%, 34.49% and 46.81% in stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and transpiration, respectively. For WUE, the environment with alive barrier was higher in 18.71%.
Growth and Production of Cultivars Ornamental Sunflower Irrigated With Water of Different Salinities
Authors: Santos Samanda Costa , Guerrero Amaralina Celoto , Lima Adriana Silva , Fatima Reynaldo Teodoro de , Abrantes Janiny Vieira , Brito Marcos Eric Barbosa , Fernandes Arthur Vinicius Felinto , Sousa Eder Pereira da Rocha
Published: September 2018

The sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) appears as an income alternative to the producers of the northeastern region of Brazil, however limited by the salinity present in the waters of the region, which makes it necessary to select cultivars that are more adaptable to this situation. On this, the objective was assessing the development of two cultivars of cutting ornamental sunflower with waters of different salinities. The experiment was performed in conditions of protected environment at UFCG, CCTA-Pombal-PB. It was performed in outline of blocks in factorial scheme 5 × 2, being five saline levels (N1 = 0.3, supply water; N2 = 1.5; N3 = 2.7; N4 = 3.9; and N5 = 5.1 dS m-1) and two cutting ornamental sunflower cultivars (Red Sun and Vincents II), with four repetitions and two plants by portion, with a total of 80 experimental units. The irrigation water salinity affected all the analyzed variables, up to estimate level of 2.7 dS m-1 acceptable reductions happen of 10% in the inflorescence and stem of cultivars of ornamental sunflower. The Red Sun cultivar when compared with cultivar Vincents II demonstrated better results in the studied variables.
Variable-Rate Application on Fertilizer Use in Cotton Production
Authors: Thompson Nathanael M. , Larson James A. , Velandia Margarita , Lambert Dayton M. , English Burton C.
Published: September 2018

Precision agriculture technologies are increasingly important in cotton production because input prices continue to rise. Farmers increase input efficiency using precision agriculture technologies by adjusting inputs to match soil fertility and plant nutrition requirements. This research examines the factors affecting changes in fertilizer use following variable-rate fertilizer application in cotton production. Data from a 2009 survey of cotton producers in 12 states of the United States were used in the analysis. Farmers who used precision soil sampling, planted larger cotton area, relied on other farmers for information about PA, grew picker cotton, and had higher household income were more likely to decrease fertilizer application with VRT. Results from this analysis are useful to farmers and policy makers interested in reducing fertilizer use in the face of rising fertilizer prices and growing concerns about the environmental impacts of farming.
Effect of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilization Doses on Elephant-Grass Genotypes for Energy Purposes
Authors: Stida Wanessa Francesconi , Almeida Brunno de Oliveira , Daher Rogério Figueiredo , Moraes Cássia Roberta de Oliveira , Vidal Ana Kesia Faria , Freitas Rafael Souza , Tardin Flávio Dessaune , Menezes Bruna Rafaela da Silva , Furlani Eduardo Peres , Vivas Marcelo
Published: September 2018

In view of the current global energy landscape, to develop alternative energy mechanisms to the oil has become essential. For that, biomass as well as the use of elephant-grass present themselves as attractive choices for energy purposes. That culture has a high growth prospect, as it contains characteristics such as high production, biomass quality, and high photosynthetic capacity. The purpose of this work was to assess the response of eight elephant-grass genotypes to nitrogen and potassium fertilization from the evaluation of morpho-agronomic traits. It was used a randomized block experimental design with three replications in the factorial scheme within a subdivided plot composed of principal factor (plots): genotypes and secondary components (subplots): potassium (2 levels) × nitrogen (3 levels)—200 × 400, 200 × 1000, 200 × 1600, 500 × 400, 500 × 1000, and 500 × 1600 kg ha-1. There was an adjustment of first degree linear model of the regression for all traits in at least one genotype. For DMP, the Capim Cana D’África, CPAC, and IJ 7139 genotypes indicated an inversely proportional response to the increasing of N in the fertilization. The response according to the N increasing in the fertilization was directly proportional for the CPAC genotype in relation to the NP, and for the Cana D’África, CPAC, and IJ 7139 genotypes in relation to the ALT. For SD, the CPAC and Vruckwona genotypes showed a positive effect on the increasing doses of N, and the IJ 7139 genotype, a negative correlation. The results are quite promising and ensure the use of the eight elephant-grass genotypes as an alternative source for biomass production.
Management of Biostimulant and Silicon in Mineral Nutrition and Quality of Cotton Fiber
Authors: Fichhof William H. , Silva Ricardo de A. , Oliveira Luan S. de , Silva Rudieli M. da
Published: September 2018

Silicon (Si) and biostimulant management have been proposed techniques to reduce the impacts of abiotic stresses and to increase the productivity of several crops, however, there are still few concise results of the management of this crop. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of biostimulant and silicon treatments on isolated or mixed applications on mineral nutrition, yield and fiber quality of two cotton varieties. For this, an experiment was carried out in a randomized block design in the municipality of Luís Eduardo Magalhães-BA, in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, with four replications, in which four biostimulant treatments (control, without application; Si; biostimulant; and Si + biostimulant) were evaluated in two cotton varieties (FM 954GLT and FM 983GLT). The nutrient content of leaves, relative water content, electrolyte leakage, fiber yield, and quality were evaluated, the data collected were submitted to the F test and means were compared by Tukey at 5% probability. At the end of the experiment, it was verified that the management of Si and biostimulants increase the integrity of the cell wall, the association of Si + biostimulant increases the levels of N, Fe and Si foliar and reduces the levels of B and Mn, and do not influence on yield and fiber quality.
Physiological Maturity of Parapiptadenia rigida Seeds
Authors: Braz Hannah , Klein Danieli Regina , Vitto Deise Cadorin , Ebeling Neri , Malavasi Marlene Matos , Malavasi Ubirajara Contro , Cruz Maria Soraia Fortado Vera , Ristau Ana Carolina Pingueli , Rocha Maria Eunice Lima , Coutinho Pablo Wenderson Ribeiro
Published: September 2018

The establishment of appropriate standards related to the physiological and morphological aspects of the seeds are fundamental procedures to help the nurserymen and seed producers in determining the maturity and the appropriate moment of collection of the fruits. In this sense, the objective of this research is to evaluate the physiological maturation of seeds of Parapiptadenia rigida by means of germination and vigor tests, based on the color of the pods. The seeds were collected in June 2017, from three matrices located in the municipality of Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, Brazil. The pods were classified in four stages of maturation, according to the Chart of colors model “Munsell colors chart” for plants tissues, and measured the biometric parameters. The parameters observed to evaluate the germinative potential are: first germination count, germination velocity index, emergency velocity index, and fresh and dry matter masses of seedlings. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five maturation stages and four replicates of 25 seeds each. The averages were compared using the Tukey test at a 5% probability. The germination test showed that the increase in physiological potential of P. rigida seeds is associated with the progresses of pod maturation. Therefore, the vigor test demonstrated that the physiological maturation of the species is simultaneous with the change of coloration and maturation of the pods.
Bacterial Formulations in Induction of Resistance and Growth Promotion of Tomato Plants
Authors: Campos Neto José R. M. , Chaves Rafael Ribeiro , Sardinha Diogo Herison Silva , Lima Melo Luiz Gustavo de , Rodrigues Antônia Alice Costa
Published: September 2018

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of seed treatment with fresh suspensions and powder formulations with Bacillus methylotrophicus to promote plant growth and induction of resistance against fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici) in tomato plants under greenhouse conditions, verifying the occurrence of morphological and biochemical changes in the evaluated plants. Powder formulations based on Cassava (Manihot esculenta), Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) and sodium alginate containing Bacillus, in addition to the commercial product Quartz®, were used to microbiolize the tomato seeds of the cultivar Santa Cruz. The formulations promoted plant growth, with a seedling vigor index greater than 50% for all treatments containing B. mthylotrophicus, in addition to a significant increase in total dry matter. The treatments induced systemic resistance, controlling the fusarium wilt with a 75% reduction of the disease and activation of enzymes such as peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase, only β-1,3-glucanase presented less activity than controls (treatments without B. mthylotrophicus). Thus, the use of formulations containing Bacillus are efficient in promoting plant growth of tomato plants and in inducing resistance to the control of fusarium wilt.
Agronomic Components of Brown Linseed as a Function of Spacing
Authors: Muraro Dionei Schmidt , Basso Claudir José , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Szareski Vinícius Jardel , Cutti Luan , Aguiar Adalin Cezar Moraes de , Silva Vanessa Alba da , Pinto Marlo Adriano Bison , Lautenchleger Francine
Published: September 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior of brown linseed, submitted to different spacing between lines. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Santa Maria, Frederico Westphalen Campus, under a typical eutrophic Red Latosol, from September to December 2013. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications and four treatments, with experimental plots of 4.0 × 3.0 meters, totaling 12.0 m². The treatments consisted of four line spaces, 17, 34, 51 and 68 cm. The following parameters were evaluated: dry matter, plant height, stem diameter, weight of one thousand seeds and grain yield. The spacing of 0.17 m was the one that stood out showing higher yield and agronomic characteristics favorable to the crop, such as a smaller stature of important plant from the point of view of a lower lodging and a greater production of dry matter, and consequently residual straw for cultivation in succession, this being a basic premise in areas under no-tillage system.
Generalized Exponential Bidirectional Fuzzy Associative Memory with Fuzzy Cardinality-Based Similarity Measures Applied to Face Recognition
Authors: Souza Aline Cristina , Valle Marcos Eduardo
Published: September 2018

Associative memories are biologically inspired models designed for the storage and recall by association. Such models aim to store a finite set of associations, called the fundamental memory set. The generalized exponential bidirectional fuzzy associative memory (GEB-FAM) is a heteroassociative memory model designed for the storage and recall of fuzzy sets. A similarity measure, that is, a function that indicates how much two fuzzy sets are equal, is at the core of a GEB-FAM model. In this paper, we present a detailed study on the use of cardinality-based similarity measures in the definition of a GEB-FAM. Moreover, we evaluate the performance of the GEB-FAMs defined using such measures in a face recognition problem.
Apnea Recognition with Wavelet Neural Networks
Authors: Zaniol Cristina , Varriale Maria Cristina , Manica Evandro
Published: September 2018

Apnea is a Sleep Disorder Syndrome characterized by an interruption or reduction of air flow for at least 10 seconds. Polysomnography is a test used to apnea diagnosis. Several signals, including Electrocardiogram (ECG), Electroencephalogram (EEG) and Oxygen Saturation (SpO_2) are obtained in this diagnostic test. Since most tests for apnea are uncomfortable, there is an increase search for alternative methods to reduce cost and improve patient well-being.In this work, we use only SpO_2 data from 25 patients of the St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, to extract parameters connected to a Neural Network attempting to classify patients with apnea or non-apnea. Results confirm that our alternative method can be used as an auxiliary tool for diagnosis by using exclusively SpO_2 signal.
Sequences of Primitive and Non-primitive BCH Codes
Authors: Ansari A. S. , Shah T. , Ur-Rahman Zia , Andrade Antonio A.
Published: September 2018

In this work, we introduce a method by which it is established that; how a sequence of non-primitive BCH codes can be obtained by a given primitive BCH code. For this, we rush to the out of routine assembling technique of BCH codes and use the structure of monoid rings instead of polynomial rings. Accordingly, it is gotten that there is a sequence $\{C_{b^{j}n}\}_{1\leq j\leq m}$, where $b^{j}n$ is the length of $C_{b^{j}n}$, of non-primitive binary BCH codes against a given binary BCH code $C_{n}$ of length $n$. Matlab based simulated algorithms for encoding and decoding for these type of codes are introduced. Matlab provides built in routines for construction of a primitive BCH code, but impose several constraints, like degree $s$ of primitive irreducible polynomial  should be less than $16$. This work focuses on non-primitive irreducible polynomials having degree $bs$, which go far more than 16.
“Weak Thought” in the Face of Religious Violence
Authors: Svetelj Tony ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2018

Modern comprehension of religion and violence, particularly modern attitudes toward religious violence, is the main topic of this paper. Mainstream secularization theory states that religion triggers conflict, tension, oppression, violence, and even war. As a continuation of this theory, the “myth of religious violence” assumes that religion is intrinsically connected with terror. These two narratives provide no sufficient proof for their claim about the irrelevance of religion; nonetheless, these narratives are expressions of the human agent’s struggle in his/her search for meaning. Referring to Gianni Vattimo’s idea of weak thought (pensiero debole), this writing proposes a narrative that treats religious and spiritual dimensions of human identity as essential for human life, as a source of remarkable consolation and hope in enduring the terror of violence, and as an opening to the new transcendental dimension of the ultimate meaning of human life.
Aplicativos autóctones em franquias jornalísticas: estratégias e transformações a partir da convergência com meios digitais
Authors: Belochio Vivian De Carvalho , Barichello Eugenia , Arruda Tanise
Published: September 2018

Este texto relata pesquisa sobre as características das estratégias em mídias móveis de franquias jornalísticas vinculadas a jornais de referência brasileiros. O foco é a movimentação dessas franquias em aplicativos autóctones, com conteúdos exclusivos, a partir da convergência com meios digitais. O artigo expõe os resultados de pesquisa que averiguou as movimentações de 25 franquias jornalísticas brasileiras de meios impressos que realizam estratégias de distribuição de conteúdos na Web e em aplicativos móveis.
Experiência estética no movimento Hip-Hop: tensões contra hegemonicas nas práticas de consumo
Authors: Marques Camila , Rosa Rosane
Published: September 2018

O presente artigo tem como objetivo a problematização das relações entre o movimento social hip-hop e suas práticas de consumo de produtos de moda de grandes marcas, entendendo até que ponto esses usos e apropriações fragilizam o real sentido do movimento ou servem como mais uma forma comunicativa de reforço da identidade opositiva da cultura hip-hop. Caminhamos amparados teoricamente pelos Estudos Culturais, por autores oriundos da antropologia do consumo e pelas noções de sujeito, atores sociais e novos movimentos sociais, de Alain Touraine (2009). Constatou-se que os hábitos de consumo das marcas globais se prestam a formação identitária, ao pertencimento e aceitação no e do grupo, mas também ao mercado e a sociedade capitalista.
Mutabilidades no webjornalismo e a consolidação de um novo formato de reportagem digital
Authors: Ito Liliane De Lucena
Published: September 2018

Neste artigo, realiza-se uma revisão acerca das mutabilidades do jornalismo, em especial do webjornalismo, e seus reflexos positivos, como a emergência de novos formatos de apresentação de conteúdo. O foco de análise é a série de reportagens digitais TAB, do portal Uol. O trabalho se ampara em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados relacionam a evolução do webjornalismo ao surgimento e consolidação de novos formatos jornalísticos, como as vertentes da reportagem: a grande reportagem multimídia, a reportagem paralaxe e/ou a reportagem multimídia interativa, que herdam características da grande reportagem impressa, mas apresentam diferenciais importantes, como a interatividade, a hipertextualidade e a multimidialidade.
Ações e estratégias para visibilidade: aplicação em periódicos científicos
Authors: Bomfá Cláudia Regina Ziliotto
Published: September 2018

O presente artigo apresenta resultados de pesquisa, tendo-se como foco a gestão de periódicos científicos eletrônicos e a promoção da visibilidade. Enfatiza-se, como problemática a importância dos periódicos eletrônicos como veículos mercadológicos, destinados a atribuir valor ao produto (pesquisa científica), bem como aos produtores (pesquisadores e suas instituições), conferindo-lhes visibilidade perante seus pares e a sociedade em geral. Com base na revisão de literatura sobre o tema, observou-se que é um assunto ainda pouco explorado e carente de contribuições. A metodologia utilizada para a realização da pesquisa foi composta por um conjunto de etapas e procedimentos envolvendo o método de dedução científica, pesquisa descritiva, a definição da população e amostra, a obtenção dos dados, a aplicação dos instrumentos de coleta de dados e o processamento e a análise exploratória dos dados. Os resultados apontam para ganhos importantes para a visibilidade dos periódicos.
Humor e inclusão de temas de interesse público em uma obra em espalhamento: uma análise do caso Olimpíadas 2016
Authors: Dalmonte Edson Fernando , Souza Pedro Carlos Ferreira
Published: September 2018

Parte-se dos distintos modos de circulação da peça Olimpíadas 2016, entendida aqui como uma obra narrativa midiática. Para além do modo convencional, no qual meios tradicionais veiculam/repercutem a realização do evento esportivo, múltiplos discursos públicos se agregam na formação dialógica de um conteúdo em espalhamento na rede. A profanação midiática se destaca como um movimento político de retomada do controle comunicativo, que se manifesta ao longo de um processo de adaptação participativa através de diferentes plataformas. O humor surge como uma expressão conveniente para a investigação de um modo mais desordeiro de ressignificação agenciada por interagentes que interagem com a peça em questão. Neste sentido, quatro casos foram selecionados visando 1) abordar a capacidade de incorporação de pautas sociais à obra em questão pelo uso do humor e 2) a promoção de tais pautas na esfera de visibilidade pública.
Turismofobia: presencia, impacto y percepción del concepto a través de los medios de comunicación impresos
Authors: Pérez-García Antonia , García Abad Lito
Published: September 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la posible influencia del tratamiento periodístico de la turismofobia en la evolución de la opinión pública ciudadana. Para ello se presenta el análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo realizado sobre la aparición, uso, tratamiento e impacto del concepto turismofobia, centrándose en los medios de comunicación impresos más importantes de España y, en especial, de Barcelona, uno de los puntos neurálgicos del conflicto entre turismo y los agentes sociales locales. Junto a esa evolución desde 2008 de la visibilidad del término en los medios seleccionados catalanes y de Madrid, se han revisado las fuentes informativas principales de las noticias publicadas, su tratamiento informativo, su encuadramiento dentro del periódico y, en última instancia, se correlaciona con su posible influjo en la percepción pública desde la óptica de las teorías de la Agenda Pública o Agenda Setting y del Framing. Para ello, se contrastaron los datos obtenidos con la evolución de la percepción ciudadana en Barcelona, obtenida por el Barómetro del Ayuntamiento, en torno al problema del turismo. Como resultado, se ha observado no solo un clarísimo incremento del término en los dos últimos años, un tratamiento negativo del turismo asociado a las posiciones políticas más a la izquierda y una clara relación de estas variables con el deterioro de la percepción ciudadana del turismo.
Las claves para la gestión de la imagen en política
Authors: Doménech Fabregat Hugo
Published: September 2018

Reseña de: Viounnikoff-Benet, Nadia (2018). La imagen del candidato en la era digital. Cómo gestionar la escenografía política. Barcelona: Editorial UOC.
Impact, Frequency, and Severity of Restless Legs Syndrome in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Argentina
Authors: Carnero Contentti Edgar , López Pablo A. , Nadur Debora , Balbuena María Eugenia , Finkelstein Ana Mariel , Tkachuk Verónica
Published: September 2018

Background:

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) frequency, and its association with depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and fatigue, has not been previously studied in Latin American patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to assess RLS frequency in patients with MS living in Argentina and to examine potential associations with depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study (n = 427) was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire, including International RLS Study Group criteria, to compare RLS frequency in patients with MS versus controls. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Fatigue Severity Scale were administered to all participants. Insomnia, excessive daytime somnolence, and other risk factors in patients with MS with RLS were analyzed using logistic regression.

Results:

We included 189 patients with definite MS and 238 controls. The RLS frequency was 29.1% in patients with MS versus 13.0% in controls (odds ratio [OR] = 2.74, P = .00005). Moreover, clinically significant RLS (csRLS; ie, symptoms present ≥2 days per week) frequency was 19.4% in patients with MS versus 4.2% in controls (OR = 5.37, P < .00001). Longer MS duration and presence of anxiety, depression, insomnia, and smoking cigarettes were all significantly associated with RLS. Multivariate analysis showed that anxiety and fatigue were significantly associated with MS with RLS and MS with csRLS.

Conclusions:

Both RLS and csRLS showed strong association with MS, supporting the need to screen for anxiety/depression, sleep quality, and fatigue in this patient population. We believe that identifying the presence and severity of these conditions would contribute to better MS management and treatment.
The ability of magnetic field sensors to monitor feeding in three domestic herbivores
Authors: Mulvenna Christina C. , Wilson Rory P. , Marks Nikki J. , Maule Aaron G. , Scantlebury David M.
Published: September 2018

The rate at which animals ingest food is a fundamental part of animal ecology although it is rarely quantified, with recently-developed animal-attached tags providing a potentially viable approach. However, to date, these methods lack clarity in differentiating various eating behaviours, such as ‘chewing’ from ‘biting’. The aims of this study were to examine the use of inter-mandibular angle sensors (IMASENs), to quantify grazing behaviour in herbivores including cattle (Bos taurus), sheep (Ovis aries) and pygmy goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) eating different foodstuffs. Specifically, we aimed to: (1) quantify jaw movements of each species and determine differences between biting and chewing; (2) assess whether different food types can be discerned from jaw movements; and (3) determine whether species-specific differences in jaw movements can be detected. Subjects were filmed while consuming concentrate, hay, grass and browse to allow comparison of observed and IMASEN-recorded jaw movements. This study shows that IMASENs can accurately detect jaw movements of feeding herbivores, and, based on the rate of jaw movements, can classify biting (taking new material into the mouth) from chewing (masticating material already in the mouth). The biting behaviours associated with concentrate pellets could be identified easily as these occurred at the fastest rate for all species. However, the rates of chewing different food items were more difficult to discern from one another. Comparison of chew:bite ratios of the various food types eaten by each species showed no differences. Species differences could be identified using bite and chew rates. Cattle consistently displayed slower bite and chew rates to sheep and pygmy goats when feeding, while sheep and pygmy goats showed similar bite and chew rates when feeding on concentrate pellets. Species-specific differences in chew:bite ratios were not identified. Magnetometry has the potential to record quantitative aspects of foraging such as the feeding duration, food handling time and food type. This is of major importance for researchers interested in both captive (e.g., agricultural productivity) and wild animal foraging dynamics as it can provide quantitative data with minimal observer interference.
An integrative and citizen science based approach to the rediscovery and redescription of the only known high-altitude endemic Pill Millipede, Glomeris aurita Koch (Diplopoda, Glomerida)
Authors: Wesener Thomas
Published: September 2018

The pill millipede species Glomeris aurita Koch, 1847 remained of relative unknown origin and appearance until its recent rediscovery in samples from the Bergamasque Alps, northern Italy. In order to provide an integrative redescription and accurate identification of the high-altitude microendemic G. aurita, COI barcode sequences from three individuals coming from two different localities were obtained. These sequences are compared with those of the syntopic endemic G. oblongoguttata Verhoeff, 1894, the widespread black morph of G. romana Verhoeff, 1900, as well as several widespread species including G. marginata Villers, 1789, G. connexa Koch, 1847, and G. klugii Brandt, 1833, which have rare colour morphs that exhibit some similarity to G. aurita. To rule-out any identity confusion of G. aurita with other high-altitude or little-known Italian Glomeris, specimens of G. transalpina Koch, 1836, G. oropensis Verhoeff, 1934, and G. primordialis Verhoeff, 1932 were also added to the dataset. Altogether, 24 sequences were compared. Morphologically, the specimens of G. aurita were studied utilizing scanning electron microscopy as well as non-invasive micro-CT technology. The distribution of both Bergamasque endemics, G. aurita and G. oblongoguttata, could be mapped and compared utilizing samples from the Museo civico di Scienze Naturali di Bergamo, as well as photographic evidence from an Italian naturalist forum. G. aurita has a very short active period and is the first known pill millipede species restricted to mountain tops and cold places, possibly representing a Nunatak survivor.
Assessment of the bacterial community structure in shallow and deep sediments of the Perdido Fold Belt region in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Sánchez-Soto Jiménez Ma. Fernanda , Cerqueda-García Daniel , Montero-Muñoz Jorge L. , Aguirre-Macedo Ma. Leopoldina , García-Maldonado José Q.
Published: September 2018

The Mexican region of the Perdido Fold Belt (PFB), in northwestern Gulf of Mexico (GoM), is a geological province with important oil reservoirs that will be subjected to forthcoming oil exploration and extraction activities. To date, little is known about the native microbial communities of this region, and how these change relative to water depth. In this study we assessed the bacterial community structure of surficial sediments by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene at 11 sites in the PFB, along a water column depth gradient from 20 to 3,700 m, including five shallow (20–600 m) and six deep (2,800–3,700 m) samples. The results indicated that OTUs richness and diversity were higher for shallow sites (OTUs = 2,888.2 ± 567.88;H′ = 9.6 ± 0.85) than for deep sites (OTUs = 1,884.7 ± 464.2;H′ = 7.74 ± 1.02). Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination revealed that shallow microbial communities grouped separately from deep samples. Additionally, the shallow sites plotted further from each other on the NMDS whereas samples from the deeper sites (abyssal plains) plotted much more closely to each other. These differences were related to depth, redox potential, sulfur concentration, and grain size (lime and clay), based on the environmental variables fitted with the axis of the NMDS ordination. In addition, differential abundance analysis identified 147 OTUs with significant fold changes among the zones (107 from shallow and 40 from deep sites), which constituted 10 to 40% of the total relative abundances of the microbial communities. The most abundant OTUs with significant fold changes in shallow samples corresponded toKordiimonadales, Rhodospirillales,Desulfobacterales(Desulfococcus), Syntrophobacterales and Nitrospirales(GOUTA 19,BD2-6,LCP-6), whilstChromatiales,Oceanospirillales(Amphritea,Alcanivorax),Methylococcales,Flavobacteriales,Alteromonadales(Shewanella,ZD0117) andRhodobacteraleswere the better represented taxa in deep samples. Several of the OTUs detected in both deep and shallow sites have been previously related to hydrocarbons consumption. Thus, this metabolism seems to be well represented in the studied sites, and it could abate future hydrocarbon contamination in this ecosystem. The results presented herein, along with biological and physicochemical data, constitute an available reference for further monitoring of the bacterial communities in this economically important region in the GoM.
Adaptive leader‐following state consensus of multiagent systems with switching topology
Authors: Song Ge , Tao Gang
Published: September 2018

In this paper, an adaptive leader‐following consensus problem of multiagent systems with possibly persistent switching topology is solved. The control goal is to achieve state consensus of multiagent systems with switching topology in the presence of system parameter uncertainties. After introducing an indicator function, a new uniform nominal controller structure is developed to ensure consensus for multiagent systems with switching topology for the case of known system parameters, which provides the a priori knowledge for the adaptive control design. Then, an adaptive state consensus control scheme is developed for dealing with unknown dynamics of both the leader and the followers, for multiagent systems with switching topology. Complete stability and asymptotic state consensus analysis is shown to guarantee the desired consensus performance despite possibly persistent topology switches. A simulation study with several different cases is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive consensus control scheme.
Hybrid Carbon–Silver Nanofillers for Composite Coatings with Near Metallic Electrical Conductivity
Authors: Cauchy Xavier , Klemberg‐Sapieha Jolanta‐Ewa , Therriault Daniel
Published: September 2018

Polymeric composite materials are now very well established in all areas of engineering and are still increasingly being used to replace metallic counterparts. As an important advantage, composite materials hold the promise of multifunctionality, that is, fine tuning the material composition to synthetically achieve specific requirements. Among these requirements, the electrical conductivity is still limited to values orders of magnitude below those of typical metals. An approach to conductive fillers, which involves taking advantage of the favorable properties of both carbonaceous and metallic fillers to provide near metallic conductivity to the surface of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites is herein presented by the authors. The synthesis of hybrid core‐shell high aspect ratio carbon–silver nanoparticles with a continuous silver coating, which allows both a low contact resistance between individual fillers and a greater connectivity owing to the wire‐like morphology of the particles is achieved by the authors. Incorporating the nanoparticles in an epoxy matrix yields a conductivity of 2.5 × 105 S m−1 at a loading of 6.3 vol% for a corresponding material density is of 1.9 g cm−3. The conductivity reached is high enough even to divert emulated lightning strike energy.
5D Entanglement in Star Polymer Dynamics
Authors: Korolkovas Airidas
Published: September 2018

Star polymers are within the most topologically entangled macromolecules. For a star to move the current theory is that one arm must retract to the branch point. The probability of this event falls exponentially with molecular weight, and a quicker relaxation pathway eventually takes over. With a simulation over a hundred times faster than earlier studies, it is demonstrated that the mean square displacement scales with a power law 1/16 in time, instead of the previously assumed zero. It suggests that star polymer motion is the result of two linear relaxations coinciding in time. By analogy to linear polymers, which reptate with a random walk embedded in a 3D network, we show that star polymers relax by a random walk in a 5D network.
C2‐Symmetric Bicyclic Bisborane Catalysts: Kinetic or Thermodynamic Products of a Reversible Hydroboration of Dienes
Authors: Tu Xian‐Shuang , Zeng Ning‐Ning , Li Ru‐Ye , Zhao Yu‐Quan , Xie De‐Zhen , Peng Qian , Wang Xiao‐Chen
Published: September 2018

We prepared a new class of chiral C2‐symmetric bicyclic bisborane catalysts by addition reactions of internal dienes with the Piers borane, HB(C6F5)2, and an analogue, HB(p‐C6F4H)2. The dependence of the addition pattern on the reaction temperature allowed us to selectively prepare two diastereomeric catalysts from a single diene precursor. The bisboranes prepared in situ exhibited excellent activity (turnover numbers up to 200 at −40 °C) and enantioselectivity (up to 95 % ee) in imine hydrogenation reactions.
Sigmatropic Dearomatization/Defluorination Strategy for C−F Transformation: Synthesis of Fluorinated Benzofurans from Polyfluorophenols
Authors: Okamoto Koichi , Hori Mitsuki , Yanagi Tomoyuki , Murakami Kei , Nogi Keisuke , Yorimitsu Hideki
Published: September 2018

Facile synthesis of fluorinated benzofurans from polyfluorophenols has been accomplished by means of a sigmatropic dearomatization/defluorination strategy composed of three processes: (1) interrupted Pummerer reaction of ketene dithioacetal monoxides with polyfluorophenols followed by [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement, (2) Zn‐mediated smooth reductive removal of fluoride from the dearomatized intermediate, and (3) acid‐promoted cyclization/aromatization. Mechanistic investigations revealed important characteristic reactivity of polyfluorophenols in the present system. Some of the fluorinated benzofuran products were transformed by utilizing the 2‐methylsulfanyl moieties.
Bowel dysfunction after sigmoid resection for cancer and its impact on quality of life
Authors: Elfeki H , Larsen H M , Emmertsen K J , Christensen P , Youssef M , Khafagy W , Omar W , Laurberg S
Published: September 2018

Background

Several studies have explored functional outcomes after rectal cancer surgery, but bowel dysfunction after sigmoid resection for cancer has hardly been considered. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and pattern of bowel dysfunction after resection for sigmoid cancer, and the impact of bowel function on quality of life (QoL) by comparison with patients who had polypectomy for cancer.

Methods

This was a national cross-sectional study. Data were collected from the Danish Colorectal Cancer Group database, and a questionnaire regarding bowel function and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 QoL questionnaire was sent to all Danish colonic cancer survivors treated with sigmoid resection or polypectomy between 2001 and 2014.

Results

A total of 3295 patients (3061 sigmoid resection, 234 polypectomy) responded to the questionnaire (response rate 63·8 per cent). Twelve bowel symptoms were more prevalent after sigmoid resection, including: excessive straining, fragmentation, bloating, nocturnal defaecation, bowel false alarm, liquid stool incontinence, incomplete evacuation and sense of outlet obstruction. QoL impairment owing to bowel symptoms was reported in 16·6 per cent of patients in the resection group and 10·1 per cent after polypectomy (P = 0·008). Obstructed defaecation symptoms (ODS) were encountered significantly more often after sigmoid resection than following polypectomy (17·9 versus 7·3 per cent; P < 0·001). In the resection group, patients with ODS had substantial impairment on most aspects of QoL assessed by the EORTC QLQ-C30.

Conclusion

Sigmoid resection for cancer is associated with an increased risk of long-term bowel dysfunction; obstructed defaecation is prevalent and associated with substantial impairment of QoL.
Cybersecurity for the Board of Directors of Small and Midsized Businesses
Authors: Opitz Erica L.
Published: September 2018

Erica L. Opitz is an attorney with Atlanta‐based Chamberlain Hrdlicka, providing expertise on a variety of matters relating to corporate governance, commercial contract, mergers and acquisitions, and privately held securities, among others. Here, she offers her insight on the responsibilities of board members and leadership in the realm of cybersecurity, an increasingly daunting challenge for organizations of all types and sizes.