bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La expresión hiperbólica de las sensaciones en español y alemán: análisis de las construcciones fraseológicas [morir(se) de (ART) S-sing{sensación}] y [vor N-Sg{Gefühlsempfindung} sterben]
Authors: Iglesias Iglesias Nely M. , López Meirama† Belén
Published: December 2024

En español y alemán, para expresar hiperbólicamente el hecho de experimentar una sensación física o psíquica se emplean las construcciones fraseológicas [V de (ART) Ssing{sensación}] / [vor NSg{Gefühlsempfindung} V], en las que destacan los verbos morir(se) y sterben por su alta frecuencia de uso y por su capacidad combinatoria, mucho mayor que la de cualquier otro verbo. En este artículo nos proponemos llevar a cabo un análisis contrastivo, basado en datos de corpus, de [morir(se) de (ART) Ssing{sensación}] y [vor NSg{Gefühlsempfindung} sterben], relacionadas verticalmente con las primeras. Extraeremos para ello los datos de cada lengua de los respectivos corpus del español y del alemán de la herramienta Sketch Engine (esTenTen18 y deTenTen20), que completaremos con la información proporcionada por el corpus paralelo PaGeS. Así pues, analizaremos sus características formales, relacionándolas con el grado de fijación de la estructura y también con sus propiedades semánticas o pragmáticas, y ofreceremos una descripción detallada del slot sustantivo desde el punto de vista semántico, siempre con el objetivo último de determinar las diferencias y semejanzas entre las dos lenguas.
Aftershocks of Peterloo: Manchester Mechanics’ Institution and Mutual Improvement
Authors: Johnson Rachel
Published: December 2024

Manchester’s Mechanics’ Institution, established in 1824, has during the past two hundred years been co-opted into narratives increasingly remote from the essence of its foundations. A substantial body of literature has evaluated the Mechanics’ Institution with a focus on ‘social control’, and has routinely privileged the history of ‘science’, narrowly conceived. Such histories have tended to conclude the Mechanics’ Institution ‘failed’. Detailed archival study, focused on the first ten years of the Mechanics’ Institution’s existence, tells a different story. This article places the foundation and early years of this institution within the story of Manchester and the broader history of working-class education. It explores some of the tensions and concerns underpinning its establishment, in particular the impact of the Peterloo Massacre, on Manchester’s Liberal nonconformist leadership. It then traces a rapid movement from fear and distrust between different elements of Manchester’s industrial society towards an environment where deeper levels of mutual support and understanding became possible.
RELATIONS OF COACH-ATHLETE RELATIONSHIP’ QUALITY AND ATHLETE PSYCHOSOCIAL FUNCTIONING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Kuruzović Nikolina , Đorić Valentina
Published: December 2024

The innate tendency for forming social relations is also reflected in the area of sports. The sport itself represents a significant context for meetng other people, forming and maintaining relatonships. This paper is aimed to review and interpret current literature results on coach-athlete relatonships quality and its relatons to aspects of athlete psychosocial functoning. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA) guidelines, the literature search of different electronic databases yielded a total of 56 studies. The findings underline several aspects of athlete psychosocial functioning connected with coach-athlete relationships. Among others, it is revealed that positive relationships with coaches contribute to different aspects of athlete motivation and satisfaction manifested in higher performance and intention to continue with sports activities. It is also detected that beter relationships with coaches protect athletes from stress, burnout and negative affect guarding their mental health. Relationships with coaches also shape the way an athlete perceives himself, coach and team. The results highlight the unique contribution of coach-athlete relationships to athlete life and activities which may serve as a useful guide to future research in sports.
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ANTHROPOMETRIC AND BODY COMPOSITION MEASURES TO ARMY PHYSICAL FITNESS TEST PERFORMANCE AMONG MALE AND FEMALE ROTC CADETS
Authors: Thompson Megan B. , Jeffers Jordan , Kukić Filip , Lockie Robert G. , Orr Robin M. , Dawes J. Jay
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between body composition measures and Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) performance between male and female Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) cadets prior to enlistment. Retrospective APFT test performance and body composition data were provided for 57 male and 17 female university ROTC cadets. Descriptive statistics were derived for all variables and separated by sex. A MANOVA model was used to determine differences between sexes in all anthropometric and fitness variables. A Pearson’s moment correlation was used to determine significant relationships between body composition and APFT measures separated by sex. Significant differences between male and female cadets for height, body mass, body fat percentage, and APFT events were found (p = 0.001-0.03). No significant differences were found between sexes for BMI (p = 0.887). Additionally, no significant relationships between anthropometric measures and fitness performance were observed among male or female cadets.
EFFECTS OF ADAPTED PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH OVERWEIGHT OR OBESITY
Authors: Marković Ina , Delibašić Ivana , Durlević Slavka , Cvejić Jovan
Published: December 2024

Obesity or adiposity represents an excessive accumulation of fat in the body and an increase in mass by 10% or more compared to the ideal body mass. Today in the world, and in our country, obesity is one of the most common chronic diseases of children and adolescents. One of the main causes of obesity is reduced physical activity, and energy intake is significantly increased in relation to reduced activity. Accordingly, the goal of this research was a systematic review of previously published research that dealt with the effects of adapted physical exercise on children and adolescents with excessive body weight or obesity. When collecting previous research, the internet search engines "Google Scholar", "PubMed" and the academic network "ResearchGate" were used. Positive changes in the morphological status of children and adolescents can be caused by the equal action of adapted physical exercise and controlled nutrition. Due to its enormous importance, physical activity is a proven preventive measure in the fight against obesity and accompanying diseases, which is necessary and must be present in sufficient quantity in all ages, especially in children and adolescents. Physical activity and exercise as well as proper nutrition during childhood and adolescence, along with taking professional preventive measures to reduce obesity, is essential for the future of the population.
111 YEARS FOR 1 SECOND
Authors: Rajković Željko , Perišić Dragan Ž. , Milosavljević Voja M.
Published: December 2024

The most atractive of all athletic disciplines is the 100m sprint for men. This discipline has its long development, while the world record has been recorded by International Amateur Athletic Federation only just for 111 years. During this period, the World Record was broken 67 times, and Donald Lippincot's record from 1912 (10.6s) was improved by "only" one second and now stands at 9.58s (Usaine Bolt, 2009). This article analyzes the progression of the World Record at 100m, from the moment when records were officially kept, until today, but also gives a prediction about its further development and importance. For easier interpretation of the results, the progression of the 100m world record for men was considered in three time periods: The first period - from 1912 to 1945, the second period - from 1946 to 1983, and the third period - from 1983 to 2023. Effect of recording of the world's best 100m sprint times for men is significant and multifaceted, while including all segments of athletics in a multifaceted connection, it also has mutually opposing prognostic qualities. In the near future, due to sports expert analysis, it is not expected to break the world record in the discipline of 100m sprint for men. On the contrary, a deeper philosophical analysis provides a projection of rule changes, multiple mitigations, as well as aggressive changes to the human body in order to enable new records and indirectly, propagandistically extend the age of modern society and hide the twilight of civilization that is ahead of us.
ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICAL ABILITIES TO ACADEMIC SUCCESS IN POLICE STUDENTS
Authors: Kukić Filip , Janković Radivoje , Koropanovski Nenad
Published: December 2024

As physical abilities are essential for good health and performance in police officers, they are also one of the major factors for the enrolment in a police academy. However, their relationship to academic success and efficacy has not yet been clearly established, especially in females. The aim of this research was to investigate the association of physical abilities with academic success measured by grade point average (GPA) and academic efficacy measured by time to graduate of female candidates for police studies. Physical abilities of 40 female candidates for the admission to the University of Criminal Investigation and Police Studies were analyzed at the time of selection and their study success and efficacy were obtained after they graduated. The correlation and regression analyses were used to investigate the association of physical abilities with GPA and time to graduate. The GPA was associated with repetitive power of upper extremities and whole-body contraction extension test (WBCE). It could be concluded that students whose physical exercise culture was beter developed also had stronger chances of a favorable academic outcome. It could be argued that the UCIPS students who have a beter-developed exercise culture also have stronger chances of a favourable academic outcome. The results of this research could be used as the foundation for future research that would investigate the association between physical abilities and success in policing jobs. This would help in the identification of the best individuals for the job and in the development of new selection, education, and exercise programs for police officers.
Online Model Predictive Control for Energy-saving Train Operation in Passenger-Freight Mixed Lines
Authors: WANG Dandan , DENG Heng , ZHAN Jingyuan , ZHANG Liguo
Published: December 2024

This paper focuses on the online energy-saving operation control problem for passenger and freight trains running in a single-track railway line. Firstly, we design a centralised optimisation method to generate energy-saving reference profiles for both passenger and freight trains, in order to improve the punctuality of passenger trains and to reduce the total running time of freight trains in a central way. Secondly, we propose the distributed model predictive control (DMPC) based online trajectory optimisation problems for both types of trains, subject to their respective operational constraints including safety, punctuality, static speed limits and temporary speed restrictions. Then we formulate an online train operation control algorithm based on the centralised optimisation method for the initialisation of train trajectories and the DMPC method for the online trajectory planning. Finally, the proposed algorithm is applied to case studies of passenger and freight trains in a single track railway, and the numerical simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can realise online control for energy-saving train operation in the presence of input disturbances and temporary speed restrictions.
Monotonic properties of Kneser solutions of second order linear differential equations with delayed argument
Authors: Bacul�kov� Blanka
Published: December 2024

In this paper new monotonic properties of nonoscillatory solutions for second order linear functional differential equations with delayed argument \[y{''}(t)=p(t)y(\tau(t))\] have been established. New properties are used to introduce criteria for elimination of bounded nonoscillatory solutions for studied equations.
(1,2)-PDS in graphs with the small number of vertices of large degrees
Authors: Bednarz Urszula , Pirga Mateusz
Published: December 2024

We define and study a perfect \((1,2)\)-dominating set which is a special case of a \((1,2)\)-dominating set. We discuss the existence of a perfect \((1,2)\)-dominating set in graphs with at most two vertices of maximum degree. In particular, we present a complete solution if the maximum degree equals \(n-1\) or \(n-2\).
On uniqueness of packing of three copies of 2-factors
Authors: Grzelec Igor , Madaras Tom� , Onderko Alfr�d
Published: December 2024

The packing of three copies of a graph \(G\) is the union of three edge-disjoint copies (with the same vertex set) of \(G\). In this paper, we completely solve the problem of the uniqueness of packing of three copies of 2-regular graphs. In particular, we show that \(C_3,C_4,C_5,C_6\) and \(2C_3\) have no packing of three copies, \(C_7,C_8,C_3 \cup C_4, C_4 \cup C_4, C_3 \cup C_5\) and \(3C_3\) have unique packing, and any other collection of cycles has at least two distinct packings.
A neurotrophin functioning with a Toll regulates structural plasticity in a dopaminergic circuit
Authors: Sun Jun , Rojo-Cortes Francisca , Ulian-Benitez Suzana , Forero Manuel G , Li Guiyi , Singh Deepanshu ND , Wang Xiaocui , Cachero Sebastian , Moreira Marta , Kavanagh Dean , Jefferis Gregory SXE , Croset Vincent , Hidalgo Alicia
Published: December 2024

Experience shapes the brain as neural circuits can be modified by neural stimulation or the lack of it. The molecular mechanisms underlying structural circuit plasticity and how plasticity modifies behaviour are poorly understood. Subjective experience requires dopamine, a neuromodulator that assigns a value to stimuli, and it also controls behaviour, including locomotion, learning, and memory. In Drosophila, Toll receptors are ideally placed to translate experience into structural brain change. Toll-6 is expressed in dopaminergic neurons (DANs), raising the intriguing possibility that Toll-6 could regulate structural plasticity in dopaminergic circuits. Drosophila neurotrophin-2 (DNT-2) is the ligand for Toll-6 and Kek-6, but whether it is required for circuit structural plasticity was unknown. Here, we show that DNT-2-expressing neurons connect with DANs, and they modulate each other. Loss of function for DNT-2 or its receptors Toll-6 and kinase-less Trk-like kek-6 caused DAN and synapse loss, impaired dendrite growth and connectivity, decreased synaptic sites, and caused locomotion deficits. In contrast, over-expressed DNT-2 increased DAN cell number, dendrite complexity, and promoted synaptogenesis. Neuronal activity modified DNT-2, increased synaptogenesis in DNT-2-positive neurons and DANs, and over-expression of DNT-2 did too. Altering the levels of DNT-2 or Toll-6 also modified dopamine-dependent behaviours, including locomotion and long-term memory. To conclude, a feedback loop involving dopamine and DNT-2 highlighted the circuits engaged, and DNT-2 with Toll-6 and Kek-6 induced structural plasticity in this circuit modifying brain function and behaviour.
Superpositioner. Om kvantfysik och barns blivande
Authors: Bergstedt Bosse
Published: December 2024

I denna artikel utforskas vad som kännetecknar barns blivande med superposition, ett tillstånd där allt sker samtidigt och överallt. Ett tillstånd som finns där före det att barnet placeras som subjekt i tid och rum.  Med utgångspunkt i två bilder på mig och min farfar diskuteras i artikeln hur det är möjligt att med hjälp av kvantfysik förstå barns blivande. Hur barnets mikropolitiska handlingar kan ifrågasätta etablerade verklighetsuppfattningar och därmed också medverka till en bättre värld. Artikelns bidrar till metodutveckling inom postkvalitativ forskning genom att visa hur begreppet superposition vidgar förståelsen för forskning kring barns blivande (St. Pierre 2011; Myhre Otterstad & Waterhouse Lorvik 2023).
political child
Authors: Reinertsen Anne Beate
Published: December 2024

This essay is an attempt to write un unruly force field in sustained expansions about the political child, life, philosophy, policies, and science. Unruly as in messy and stammering but open. Unruly about the political child as a force and carrier of immanence, unencumbered, and as an expression of a future. It implies a view of the child born with inalienable rights as a political subject and force of material and social transformation, and temporalities of writing being transformational techniques. Writing ultimately treated as an ecological practice and method that facilitates the production of collective subjectivities. Thinking the child, life, science, and the world politically means thinking with Chantal Mouffe’s (2015) concept agonism in combination with writing as continual Deleuze and Guattarian (2004a) becomings, active in life itself. There are thin walls between realisms, dreams and fabulations, and this essay is an attempt to strike a blow for freer, humorous, more philosophical, and political mindsets in our pedagogical sciences and imaginations. Therefore, there are also unruly words and sometimes not yet present.
Systematic Review of Research on Learning Writing Skills Using Gamification
Authors: Pentikainen Johanna , Kallionpää Outi
Published: December 2024

Multimodal interactive text genres, such as games, have gained wide popularity, while the reading of written texts has decreased among today’s youth, affecting their writing skills as well. In this systematic review, we investigate how games can be beneficial in writing learning. By combining and analysing the results of 11 academic articles on the gamification of writing learning, we discuss how games can support pupils’ writing processes while promoting transmedia skills. The immersive aspects of games can encourage young writers’ sense of agency, fluency and internal motivation. Games also encourage verbal rehearsal and collaborative creation. Additionally, games seem to promote idea generation, character development and other narrative and personal-imaginative genre features, while in factual writing, games can also develop an incoherent writing attitude. While the results seem rather encouraging, there is a lack of discussion regarding how the transfer of learning can be supported.
Three approaches to multi-materiality through co-taught learning projects
Authors: Härkki Tellervo , Vartiainen Henriikka , Rönkkö Marja-Leena
Published: December 2024

Three approaches to multi-materiality through co-taught learning projects
This study examines the implementation of multi-material crafts in Finnish basic education from the viewpoint of utilizing co-teaching to enhance craft education. With the removal of gender-segregated craft subjects and the merger of textile and technical subjects into a common craft subject, room for new pedagogical strategies has emerged. The study involved 17 teachers who had participated in a national development program aimed at integrating multi-material and co-teaching methods into the learning process in crafts. Data were collected through interviews, focusing on how these teachers planned and executed multi-material craft projects in a co-teaching setup. The results showed that teachers adopted diverse approaches to multi-material crafts, depending on their pedagogical aims and the resources available. Three major categories of multi-material, co-taught learning projects were identified – fixed, teacher-directed, and open choice – each offering varying degrees of material and technological integration and pedagogical freedom. The study also found that newly acquired technological skills significantly influenced the roles and collaboration dynamics between co-teachers, positively affecting the division of labor and the overall teaching and learning experience.
Keywords: co-teaching, craft teaching, multi-material crafts, material technologies, co-regulation
Allocation algorithms for multicore partitioned mixed-criticality real-time systems
Authors: Ortiz Luis , Guasque Ana , Balbastre Patricia , Simó José
Published: December 2024

Multicore systems introduced a performance increase over previous monocore systems. As these systems are increasingly finding application in critical domains, it arises a necessity to develop novel methodologies for their efficient resource allocation. In addition, it is particularly important to consider the criticality of applications when scheduling such systems. In multicore systems, scheduling also includes the allocation of tasks to cores. In architectures based on spatial and temporal partitioning, it is also necessary to allocate partitions. Consideration of all these variables when scheduling a critical multicore partitioned system is a major challenge. In this article, a hypervisor partitioned framework for mixed-criticality systems is proposed. In this sense, the allocation process has been split in two different parts. The initial phase will allocate tasks to partitions according to the criticality of the system. This is achieved through the implementation of a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) algorithm. The second phase involves the allocation of tasks to cores, employing both, an additional MILP algorithm and a modified worst fit decrease utilisation approach. Experimental results show that the combination of both strategies leads to feasible scheduling and, in addition, to a reduction of the overhead introduced by the hypervisor.
Quorum sensing signals of the grapevine crown gall bacterium, Novosphingobium sp. Rr2-17: use of inducible expression and polymeric resin to sequester acyl-homoserine lactones
Authors: Gan Han Ming , Dailey Lucas , Wengert Peter , Halliday Nigel , Williams Paul , Hudson Andre , Savka Michael A.
Published: December 2024

Background

A grapevine crown gall tumor strain, Novosphingobium sp. strain Rr2-17 was previously reported to accumulate copious amounts of diverse quorum sensing signals during growth. Genome sequencing identified a single luxI homolog in strain Rr2-17, suggesting that it may encode for a AHL synthase with broad substrate range, pending functional validation. The exact identity of the complete suite of AHLs formed by novIspR1 is largely unknown.

Methods

This study validates the function of novIspR1 through inducible expression in Escherichia coli and in the wild-type parental strain Rr2-17. We further enhanced the capture of acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) signals produced by novIspR1 using polymeric resin XAD-16 and separated the AHLs by one- and two-dimensional thin layer chromatography followed by detection using AHL-dependent whole cell biosensor strains. Lastly, the complete number of AHLs produced by novIspR1 in our system was identified by LC-MS/MS analyses.

Results

The single LuxI homolog of N. sp. Rr2-17, NovIspR1, is able to produce up to eleven different AHL signals, including AHLs: C8-, C10-, C12-, C14-homoserine lactone (HSL) as well as AHLs with OH substitutions at the third carbon and includes 3-OH-C6-, 3-OH-C8-, 3-OH-C10-, 3-OH-C12- and 3-OH-C14-HSL. The most abundant AHL produced was identified as 3-OH-C8-HSL and isopropyl-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) induction of novIspR1 expression in wild type parental Rr2-17 strain increased its concentration by 6.8-fold when compared to the same strain with the vector only control plasmid. Similar increases were identified with the next two most abundant AHLs, 3-OH-C10- and unsubstituted C8-HSL. The presence of 2% w/v of XAD-16 resin in the growth culture bound 99.3 percent of the major AHL (3-OH-C8-HSL) produced by IPTG-induced overexpression of novIspR1 in Rr2-17 strain. This study significantly adds to our understanding of the AHL class of quorum sensing system in a grapevine crown gall tumor associated Novosphingobium sp. Rr2-17 strain. The identity of nine AHL signals produced by this bacterium will provide a framework to identify the specific function(s) of the AHL-mediated quorum-sensing associated genes in this bacterium.
Visual codon: a user-friendly Python program for viewing and optimizing gene GC content
Authors: Lin Shiming , Xu Fei , Huang Bifang , Zhao Li-li , Pan Danni , Lin Shiqiang
Published: December 2024

Due to the codon bias of different species, codon optimization is usually carried out in the process of heterologous protein expression. At present, there are a variety of codon optimization tools. However, the optimized sequences may still have high or low points of local guanine and cytosine (GC) content, which is not conducive to the primer design of gene subcloning, and also makes it difficult to perform the experiment of synthesizing the whole gene with DNA fragments by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) reaction. In this study, we present a stand-alone software written in Python, with which users can manually check and adjust the GC content of sequence-optimized genes. The software takes the codon frequency of Escherichia coli as default and can work with other species as well. It provides a Graphical User Interface (GUI) interface, which allows users to change codons and intuitively see the effect of codon changes on local GC content. Our program brings convenience for the optimization of gene GC content and the subsequent gene cloning experiments.
Criminal social orders in Chile: A social-spatial theory of criminal governance in low-intensity violence societies
Authors:   , Parra Coray Gonzalo
Published: December 2024

Why, in some communities, do drug trafficking organizations interact with residents to produce one type of social order, while in others, they do not? Or, more broadly, under what conditions does criminal social order assume different forms? Building on recent insights on civil war literature, criminal governance, and ethnographic data collected during two years of fieldwork, I propose that to explain this variation, it is necessary to unpack the social structure of the communities within which criminal organizations operate: density of social organization and the embeddedness of criminal gangs into the community. By conditioning the social order on the structure of the community, social and criminal actors can interact in multiple ways, more or less ritualized, to collaborate to pursue mutual or interdependent goals. To test these hypotheses, I use a natural experiment approach and within-case process tracing in four neighborhoods in Chile. In addition, I propose four ideal types of criminal social orders that emerge from the interplay between community social density and DTO embeddedness.
Pancotsi: hibridación de los saberes constructivos Asháninkas.
Authors:   , Gonzales Reategui Hilter Alfredo
Published: December 2024

Los cambios en el patrimonio vernáculo construido que están sucediendo en las comunidades indígenas de la Amazonía del Perú, se debe en parte a la fuerte influencia del multiculturalismo neoliberal, como también a los efectos del cambio climático y nuevos modos de habitar. Estas transformaciones en los modos de vida de las comunidades indígenas como los asháninkas de Potsoteni, son ejemplificadoras de estos procesos de hibridación. Estos vienen sucediendo desde hace mucho, pero con una velocidad e impacto distinto hoy en día, dados los procesos de globalización propios cada vez mas brutales y palpables de distintas maneras, además de su arquitectura. Es así que Pancotsi es un proyecto que abre la reflexión acerca de la hibridación que están teniendo las arquitecturas vernáculas Asháninkas, y la repercusión de este fenómeno en su forma de habitar. Se aborda entonces un tema propio de la disciplina del patrimonio como es la autenticidad, pero esta vez con una mirada desde la propia comunidad indígena. Es por ello que cabe preguntarse sobre la manera en la cual se mantiene una autenticidad en los procesos de hibridación de la arquitectura vernácula Asháninka, en un contexto de globalización.
Brain structural Changes Over Time in the Presence of a Brain Tumour and their Connection with Language Lateralization Changes and Language-Based Behavioural Outcomes
Authors:   , Solomons Daniel
Published: December 2024

La fMRI se usa comúnmente para evaluar la lateralización del lenguaje, pero su eficacia puede verse afectada por deterioros cognitivos, neuroplasticidad y movimiento. En cambio, el análisis del volumen de materia gris (GMV) con VBM ofrece un enfoque complementario y más estable. Esta tesis explora cómo el GMV en regiones relacionadas con el lenguaje se correlaciona con la lateralización derivada de la fMRI, analizando datos de participantes sanos y pacientes con tumores cerebrales. Los hallazgos sugieren un papel matizado del hemisferio derecho en el lenguaje.
Social Media and Agriculture: Overcoming Accessibility Challenges for Youth Farmers in Tanzania
Authors: M. O. Nchimbi, , A. K. Ahmad, , S.Y. Nyamba,
Published: December 2024

This study assessed the accessibility and utilization of social media as a source of agricultural information among youth farmers in Kyerwa District, Tanzania. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 104 youth farmers and key informants through questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions. The findings reveal that 98.1% of respondents use social media, with Facebook and WhatsApp being the most popular platforms for accessing agricultural content. However, challenges such as high data costs (40.4%) and unstable networks (30.8%) limit effective utilization. Drawing on the Uses and Gratifications Theory and Cultivation Theory, the study underscores the transformative potential of social media in enhancing agricultural productivity. It recommends targeted training programs to improve digital literacy and ensure equitable access to reliable information, fostering a more informed and resilient farming community.
Analysis of 3 Financial Models in the Health System: Pay-for-Performance, Results-Based-Budgeting, Capitation
Authors: Martínez Miguel Angel Serna , Guerrero Beatriz Garnica , Zermeño María del Carmen López , López Pedro Rubén Negrete , Becker David Pérez , Vázquez Josefina Reynoso , Chávez Olga Rocío Flores , Ledezma Jesús Carlos Ruvalcaba
Published: December 2024

In the field of health economics, there are constant challenges to balance the quality of health care with efficiency in financial management, making financial models essential in the allocation of resources in the health system. The models used were Pay-for-Performance, Results-Based Budgeting and Capitation. Each model has its own focus: Pay for Performance incentivizes quality and efficiency, Results-Based Budgeting allocates resources based on health outcomes, and Capitation involves fixed payments per enrolled patient. The benefits and challenges of each model are examined, highlighting differences in levels of financial risk, equity in resource allocation, promotion of preventive care, and alignment with health care objectives. It is concluded that there is no single ideal model, and its effectiveness depends on the specific context of each health system. The importance of maintaining a patient-centered approach and promoting collaboration to find effective solutions that ensure an equitable and efficient health system is highlighted.
Exploring the Vaginal Microbiome: Implications for Reproductive Health in Indian Women
Authors: Yadav Jay Narayan , Kant Rajiv
Published: December 2024

The vaginal microbiome plays a crucial role in women's reproductive health. It consists of a variety of bacteria that help maintain a healthy environment in the vagina. A balanced microbiome can prevent infections and support overall reproductive health. However, many women in India face challenges such as poor hygiene practices, dietary habits and lack of access to medical care which can disrupt this balance. One significant conclusion is that the diversity of the vaginal microbiome is closely linked to reproductive health outcomes, with a balanced microbiome associated with lower risks of infections and complications. The review emphasizes the role of specific hygiene practices and management, which can significantly impact the composition of the vaginal microbiome. Additionally, dietary habits were found to influence microbial diversity, suggesting that a diet rich in probiotics may promote a healthier vaginal environment. The article advocates for increased awareness and education regarding these factors among women, as they can play a crucial role in enhancing reproductive health and preventing diseases. Overall, this review provides valuable understanding of microbiome and emphasizes that promoting a healthy vaginal microbiome is essential for improving women's health and how lifestyle choices can affect women's health at a microbiological level, particularly in the context of Indian demographics.
Transforming Retail: Elevating Customer Experience and Efficiency with Generative AI Technique
Authors: Matharoo Sandeep
Published: December 2024

This article examines the impact of generative artificial intelligence (AI) on the transformation of retail in the digital age. The author emphasizes that generative AI, by creating new content and providing personalized experiences, is becoming a key tool for retailers, allowing them not only to understand, but also to anticipate consumer preferences. Special attention is paid to changing the customer experience through innovative solutions such as smart chatbots that are able to adapt to user needs. The article also examines the impact of generative AI on operational efficiency, including inventory management and staff optimization, which helps reduce costs and increase profitability. The financial results of the AI implementation are supported by statistical data showing revenue growth and reduced operating costs. The conclusion emphasizes that generative AI will not only improve existing processes, but also change the very nature of interaction between retailers and consumers, opening up new horizons for business in the future.
Influence of Organic Nutrient on Growth Pattern, Flowering and Biochemical Profiling in Bottle Gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.] Var. Kashi Ganga
Authors: Tandon Abhishek Raj , Singh Harpal , Kumar Vinit , Ahirwar G.K , Jain Divya , Sharma Vishnu , Yadav Ayusman , Savita Aryan , Chaubey Priyansh
Published: December 2024

The present investigation entitled Influence of Organic Nutrient on Growth Pattern, Flowering and Biochemical Profiling in Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria)(Mol.)Standl.)Var. Kashi Ganga" was carried out with title at Organic Research Farm (ORF), Department of Horticulture, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Karguanji, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh during the Kharif-2022 with a view to identify the effects of different combinations of organic nutrition and its role in growth, yield and quality of Bottle gourd variety Kashi Ganga. The experiment was laid in Randomized block design with 8 treatments and 3 replications. Based on above experimental finding it may be concluded that the treatment T7 (33% Farmyard Manure + 33% Poultry Manure + 33% Vermicompost) was found to be best in the terms of morphological characters viz., Vine length (3.33m), number of branches (5.30), days to male flowering (34.76 days), days to female flowering (44.17 days) and days to first fruit picking (75.92 days) yield and quality of Bottle gourd. While the highest net return was found in the T7 and the highest B:C ratio was found in the same with 6.10.
Assessment of Cationic Micronutrient Status for Efficient Experimental Farm Management in the Tiruvannamalai District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Arunkumar V. , S.Babu  , Dhanasekaran D. , K.Manikandan  , T.Balaji  , Vijayakumar M.
Published: December 2024

The experiment delineated micronutrient Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) availability in the soils of experimental farm of Agricultural college and Research Institute, Vazhavachanur under the Alfisols soil order of Tamil Nadu, India. Grid wise (50 x 50 m grids) geocoded surface soil samples were collected from 118 locations and analysed for various micronutrients. Available Zn in the soil varied from 0.09 to 1.69 mg kg-1 with an average value of 0.83 mg kg-1. The major portion of the soil samples (71.2%) falls under low category while only 1.7 per cent samples were high in available Zn. Nutrient index value (NIV) of Zn availability in soil was also calculated (NIV=1.31) and found to be low. Fe availability in soil samples varied between 0.26 to 8.58 mg kg-1 with an average value of 4.15 mg kg-1. The Fe content in 43.2 per cent of the soil samples falls under low category and 55.1 per cent of the samples were under medium category. The NIV value of Fe was found to be low. Available Cu ranged from 0.09 to 3.88 mg kg-1 with an average of 1.88 mg kg-1. The Cu availability is high in 51.7 per cent of the soil samples and the NIV was medium. The Mn availability in the soil samples varied from 0.26 to 6.10 mg kg-1 with an average value of 2.92 mg kg-1. The Mn content in 67 per cent of the soils falls under medium category and NIV was also medium. Thus, results revealed that soils of the experimental farm were potential Zn and Fe deficient areas. Application of Zn and Fe both as soil as well as soil plus foliar might be beneficial in enhancing the yield and quality of crops of the experimental farm.
Response of Seed Priming to Varied Levels of Salinity in Safflower
Authors: Hiremath Umesh , M Priyanka. , Hosamani Arunkumar , Ganiger B.S. , Bagli Shivakumar B. , Doddagoudar S. R.
Published: December 2024

The experiment was conducted in the year 2020-2021 to study the seed priming technologies and their effects on seed quality and seed physiological parameters under salinity stress conditions in safflower were analysed. The experiment was laid out in a factorial complete randomised design consists of seven differentseed priming chemicals like control (untreated), hydropriming, KCI, Salicylic acid, Salicylhydroxamic acid, chitosan and Penconazole. And five levels of salt stress condition were created using NaCl which includes 0 (control), 5 gL-1, 10 g L-1, 15 g L-1 and 20 g L-1. The experiment was carried out in two replications and the effect of priming on some physiological responses of safflower seeds was studied. The results of this investigation showed that seed priming caused a significant increase in all the different seed physiological factors viz. germination %, shoot length, root length, germination factor, Seedling vigour index I and Seedling vigour index II of the safflower seeds. And also results revealed that, Seed priming with KCI and salicylic acidimproved the first count (%), seed germination %, shoot length, root length, seedling dry weight, seedling vigour index I and seedling vigour index II in both control and salt stress conditions compared to unprimed seeds. Hence, these results have practical implications thatthe pre-sowing seed treatment with KCI and salicylic acid could enhance the seed germination and other physiological attributes of safflower seeds under salinity condition.
Determinants of Efficient Needs Delivery to Farmers of Odisha, India: A Multi-approach Constraint Analysis
Authors: Mohanty Satyabrata , Mukhopadhyay SD
Published: December 2024

Extension and Advisory Service (EAS) providers serve as the primary means of delivering these needs and play a crucial role in improving agricultural output; yet, farmers have challenges related to the effective implementation of these services. This study seeks to identify the primary challenges encountered by farmers in Odisha. Utilizing an exploratory study design with two methodologies, namely Mean Percent Score and Garrett's Ranking procedure, the issues were prioritized. Farmers had challenges with the EAS in three primary domains: social skills, empowerment, and innovation adoption. Poor leadership development training under the Social Skill with a mean garret score with 77.14 ranked 1, the casual approach from EAS towards empowerment issues under empowerment with a mean garret score of 77.07 ranked 2 and finally high investment required for adopting recommended practices ranked third in the Adoption of Innovation with a mean garret score of 76.81. The study proposes targeted solutions to the challenges encountered by farmers in the region via a collaborative approach involving all stakeholders.
Evolution of Development
Authors: Gregory Lauren E , Bickel Ryan D , Brisson Jennifer A
Published: August 2021

Research in the field of evolutionary developmental biology, or ‘evo‐devo’, addresses how genetic differences result in changes in development between individuals, populations or species. Evolutionary developmental biology has its roots in comparative embryology of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, but the fields of evolution and development diverged soon thereafter. Advances in developmental genetics in the 1970s and 1980s, combined with the discovery that distantly related organisms share key regulatory genes and processes, provided new avenues of research in the field. Today, the strong interest in evo‐devo illustrates that evolutionary biologists, geneticists and molecular biologists increasingly wish to understand how genotypic differences are translated via development into phenotypic diversity. The combination of traditional developmental biology approaches, genomics‐era techniques and functional genetic tools has made evo‐devo studies possible in a wide range of organisms.

Key Concepts

Evolutionary developmental biology is the study of how developmental differences result in phenotypic diversity.

Homologous regulatory genes often have similar functions in even distantly related species.

New phenotypes are able to evolve because of enhancer modularity, which allows regulatory genes to evolve new functions while maintaining previously established functions.

Genomic technologies and the expansion of functional tools have resulted in the democratisation of organisms that can be used to study evolutionary developmental questions.
Wearable myoelectric interface enables high‐dose, home‐based training in severely impaired chronic stroke survivors
Authors: Hung Na‐Teng , Paul Vivek , Prakash Prashanth , Kovach Torin , Tacy Gene , Tomic Goran , Park Sangsoo , Jacobson Tyler , Jampol Alix , Patel Pooja , Chappel Anya , King Erin , Slutzky Marc W.
Published: August 2021

Background

High‐intensity occupational therapy can improve arm function after stroke, but many people lack access to such therapy. Home‐based therapies could address this need, but they don’t typically address abnormal muscle co‐activation, an important aspect of arm impairment. An earlier study using lab‐based, myoelectric computer interface game training enabled chronic stroke survivors to reduce abnormal co‐activation and improve arm function. Here, we assess feasibility of doing this training at home using a novel, wearable, myoelectric interface for neurorehabilitation training (MINT) paradigm.

Objective

Assess tolerability and feasibility of home‐based, high‐dose MINT therapy in severely impaired chronic stroke survivors.

Methods

Twenty‐three participants were instructed to train with the MINT and game for 90 min/day, 36 days over 6 weeks. We assessed feasibility using amount of time trained and game performance. We assessed tolerability (enjoyment and effort) using a customized version of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory at the conclusion of training.

Results

Participants displayed high adherence to near‐daily therapy at home (mean of 82 min/day of training; 96% trained at least 60 min/day) and enjoyed the therapy. Training performance improved and co‐activation decreased with training. Although a substantial number of participants stopped training, most dropouts were due to reasons unrelated to the training paradigm itself.

Interpretation

Home‐based therapy with MINT is feasible and tolerable in severely impaired stroke survivors. This affordable, enjoyable, and mobile health paradigm has potential to improve recovery from stroke in a variety of settings.

Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03401762.
Childhood‐onset progressive dystonia associated with pathogenic truncating variants in CHD8
Authors: Doummar Diane , Treven Marco , Qebibo Leila , Devos David , Ghoumid Jamal , Ravelli Claudia , Kranz Gottfried , Krenn Martin , Demailly Diane , Cif Laura , Davion Jean‐Baptiste , Zimprich Fritz , Burglen Lydie , Zech Michael
Published: August 2021

Originally described as a risk factor for autism, CHD8 loss‐of‐function variants have recently been associated with a wider spectrum of neurodevelopmental abnormalities. We further expand the CHD8‐related phenotype with the description of two unrelated patients who presented with childhood‐onset progressive dystonia. Whole‐exome sequencing conducted in two independent laboratories revealed a CHD8 nonsense variant in one patient and a frameshift variant in the second. The patients had strongly overlapping phenotypes characterized by generalized dystonia with mild‐to‐moderate neurodevelopmental comorbidity. Deep brain stimulation led to clinical improvement in both cases. We suggest that CHD8 should be added to the growing list of neurodevelopmental disorder‐associated genes whose mutations can also result in dystonia‐dominant phenotypes.
An overview on recent progress of extended state observers for uncertain systems: Methods, theory, and applications
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyan , Zhang Xiaocheng , Xue Wenchao , Xin Bin
Published: August 2021

Extended state observer (ESO) is featured with online estimating both the system's states and the total effect of external disturbance as well as nonlinear uncertain dynamics. The original ESO design, proposed for the cascade‐of‐integrator system without measurement noise, has been well studied with theoretical foundation and many successful applications. In the last years, multifarious modified ESOs have also been developed to handle many engineering systems captured by the models with general nonlinear structure, time‐delay, the noises with stochastic properties, and etc. This paper aims to comprehensively investigate the representative modified ESOs in recent years. Firstly, the ESO's design and tuning law are illustrated for general uncertain systems with multiple control inputs, multiple measured outputs and various uncertainties. The quantitative results regarding the estimation errors of ESO are also presented. Next, the extended state‐based Kalman‐typed filters to handle state estimation problem against both stochastic noises and uncertain dynamics are introduced. The consistency, stability, and asymptotic optimization of the proposed filters are rigorously shown. Furthermore, some novel designs of ESO to deal with the estimation problem of uncertain nonlinear systems with time‐delay and measurement biases are discussed. We believe this overview will be helpful for practitioners in applications of recent modified ESOs.