bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scientifi c Research of the SI “Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Radiology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences Of Ukraine” in 2021: Artifi cial intellect and postprocessing
Authors: Dykan І.М. , Tarasyuk B.A. , Andrushchenko I.V.
Published: March 2023

Researchers of the Institute performed the applied scientific research "To develop technology for digital processing of radiological diagnostic images based on elements of artificial intelligence in diffuse liver pathology in patients of different ages" (funded from the budget of NAMS of Ukraine) in conjunction with SI "Academician O.M. Lukyanova Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine ” together with the National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute ».
When performing research, the most important results are: investigations in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease demonstrated that the modern algorithm of radiological examination allows to determine not only the features of the structural structure of the body in the age aspect, in particular to characterize the fat component and information on the acoustic stiffness of the parenchyma, but is an important prerequisite for further monitoring of the effectiveness of diffuse liver disease treatment; methods for rapid diagnosis of diffuse liver disease based on the artificial intelligence elements application have been developed and implemented into the examination algorithm, which improves the level and speed of liver disease diagnosis at the stages of primary examination by 30% and allows to develop a differentiated approach in the application of other (high-cost) methods of radiological diagnostics.
Protocols for post-processing of pancreatic diseases were developed together with the SI " O.O. Shalimov National Institute of Surgery and Transplantology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”. Scientists of the Institute together with the Ukrainian Military Medical Academy took part in the development of the complex of radiological methods for the diagnosis of thoracic gunshot wounds, visualization of wound canals in case of gunshot and mine-explosive injuries.
Features of early diagnosis of cerebral small vessels disease in the elderly: сlinical neurovisualization correlations
Authors: Semonova О.V. , Golovchenko Yu.I. , Dykan I.M. , Myronyak L.А. , Kobzar I.O. , Zakomornyi O.S. , Pavliuk O.V.
Published: March 2023

Early diagnosis of cerebral small vessels disease (CSVD) in the elderly in the elderly is a daunting task due to the similarity of its clinical and neuroimaging manifestations to age-related changes and high comorbidity with neurodegenerative diseases.
The aim of the work is to determine the features of early neuropsychological and neuroimaging manifestations of CSVD, which was first diagnosed in old age.
Material and methods. 37 elderly patients (EP: 60-75 years) with arterial hypertension (AH) st. 1-2, stage I-II and CSVD (women – 17 (45.9%), men – 220 (54.1%) were examined. Control groups: KGEP – 20 practically healthy elderly people and a group of middle-aged patients (ME – 44-59 years) with AH st. 1-2, stage I-II and CSVD are identical in age, gender and general duration of education. Total Cerebral volume blood flow (TcVBF) was determined using duplex ultrasound (USDS). MRI (3T) was performed in the following modes: T1-2WI, DWI, 3D Brain FLAIR SHC, 3D tra, VEN BOLD, DTI medium iso SENSE. Neuropsychological studies were performed using: MoCA questionnaire with evaluation of EIS, VIS, AIS, LIS, MIS, OIS domains; MMSE; SSR and PhSR (Semantic and Phonetic Speech Rate); FAB (Fontal Assessment Battery).
Results and discussion. Using the modified scoring system for determining the severity of the burden of cerebral small vessels disease (BCSVDearly), it was found that the only difference between patients with clinical manifestations of the pathological process in middle and old age is the presence of lacunar infarctions in 16.2% of elderly patients. The relative changes in pre-visual markers of CSVD (DTI - MRI) in older patients were less pronounced than in middle-aged patients (FA: up to -24.1% in fibers and up to -18.6% in ROI; MD: up to +14, 9% in fibers and + 18.2% in ROI). There are also significant differences in the influence of diffusion disorders in the white matter (WM) of the brain on the cognitive status of patients with CSVD of middle-aged and elderly (emphasis on the number and rank of correlations). In the group of middle-aged patients, 270 out of 280 (96.4%) possible correlations were identified, including 22.1% (60) of those classified as noticeable (≥ + 0.5 / ≤ -0.5). In older subjects, the proportion of established moderate correlations reached only 21.4%, with a minimum negative rs = -0.45.
Conclusion. The principal differences of the clinical and neuroimaging manifestation of CSVD in the elderly were determined: the relative decrease in the scores of cognitive functions to 73.0% (against 91.2% in the ME group); the presence of LI in the list of visual signs of CSVD; less pronounced, compared to ME, changes in pre-visual (diffusion) indicators of the state of deep WM; no correlations for MoCA, BCSVDearly, FA and MD domains.
Ultrasound manifestations of acute viral hepatitis a in children
Authors: Dykan I.M. , Lukyanova I.S. , Kaminska T.M. , Tarasyuk B.A.
Published: March 2023

26 children with HAV (12 boys and 14 girls) - mean age 13.2 ± 3.3 years and 21 children (8 boys and 13 girls) - mean age 14.3 ± 2.6 years were examined. In all cases, clinical laboratory examination, determined the level of ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase. Ultrasound was performed on ultrasound systems Aplio 500 and MyLab Twice. Clinical manifestations of HAV consisted of anorexia (70%), nausea and vomiting (66%), fever (80%), jaundice (85%), dark urine (85%), upper abdominal pain (20%). The following echographic changes were determined: hepatomegaly and reduction of decreased echogenicity by 88.5%,reduced gallbladder 92%, thickening of the gallbladder wall 85%, double contour of the gallbladder wall 46%, increase in lymph node size: in the hepatoduodenal ligament 46% and mesenteric 73%, splenomegaly in 100% Ultrasound examination of the abdominal should be performed in all patients with clinical suspicion of acute viral hepatitis A and jaundice. Abdominal ultrasound examination is an important additional tool for monitoring the dynamics of HAV.
One-stage bilateral total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Kosyakov A.N. , Vovk V.V. , Tuz E.V. , Fedin E.M. , Miloserdov A.V.
Published: March 2023

Total knee arthroplasty (TA) is one of the most successful orthopedic surgeries performed in the last decades providing a high degree of patient satisfaction. But there is still controversy regarding the safety and efficacy between simultaneous bilateral TA (SBTA) or two-stage bilateral TA (TSBTA).
The purpose of the study is to initiate a database of patients after SBTA for radiological monitoring of the condition of patients and knee joint endoprostheses.
For the period 2014-2021 SBTA was performed in 230 patients with bilateral gonarthrosis 3rd stage: women – 167 (72.6%), men – 63 (27.4%). The age of patients – from 30 to 84 years. The body mass index (BMI) ranged from 22.5 (patient, 76 years old) to 48.7 (patient, 52 years old).
Investigation design.
Inclusion criteria: bilateral gonarthrosis in the 3rd stage of the disease with severe pain and severe functional impairments.
Exclusion criteria: polymorbid diseases in the acute stage, morbid obesity, past myocardial infarction, stroke, varicose veins of the lower extremities, obesity, chronic heart failure, chronic renal failure, anemia of various origins (hemoglobin less than 110-115 g/l), HIV, uncompensated sugar diabetes, hidden foci of untreated infection.
Conclusion. Patients should be selected for SBTA/TSBTA and consulted on the based of the risks associated with each strategy. The ability to provide effective assistance in complex cases provides patients with high satisfaction and increases the prestige of the clinic. A database of patients after SBTA was created for radiological monitoring of the condition of patients and knee joint endoprostheses.
The importance of compression sonoelastography in multiparametric ultrasound examination in the detection of malignant formations of ovaries
Authors: Stasiv I.D.
Published: March 2023

In Ukraine ovarian cancer ranks third among pelvic malignancies in women of childbearing age and ranks first in the structure of mortality of women from oncogynecological pathology.
The aim of the study – to increase the diagnostic value of multiparametric ultrasound examination of ovarian malignancies using compression sonoelastography.
Material and methods. A comprehensive radiological study of 48 patients with ovarian cancer was performed. The average age of patients was (45.22 ± 4.08) years. Ultrasound was performed on a HITACHI ALOCA ARIETTA 70 using a cavitary multifrequency sensor with a frequency of 7.5-10 mHz Compression elastography was used to assess the rigidity of the detected formation.
Results. In 30 (62.5%) women in the sonoelastography mode different elastotype was detected, because the liquid component had a blue-green-red color corresponding to 0 elastotype, and the solid component and papillary growths were mapped mostly blue, rarely with green admixtures, ie. had IV-V elastotype on the UENO scale. The hardness index of the solid component ranged from 4.3 to 46 um.od. In 18 (37.5%) patients malignant were mapped in blue, which corresponded to the V elanotype according to UENO and had a high hardness index, which ranged from 5.2 to 56 um.od. All of these formations were classified as high-risk - O-RADS 5, as all formations were characterized by ultrasonic descriptors with a high degree of prediction of malignancy.
Conclusions. Innovative technology of sonoelastography provides qualitatively new information about the elasticity of tissues and allows to assess the stiffness of ovarian tumors with high accuracy and specificity.
EXPONENTIAL STABILITY RESULT FOR A POROUS PROBLEM WITH FRACTIONAL TIME DELAYS
Authors: Messikh C. , Bellal N. , Labidi S.
Published: March 2023

In this work, we are concerned with a porous problem in a bounded one-dimensional domain under Dirichlet boundary conditions with fractional time delays and internal frictional dissipative terms. By a multiplier approach, an exponential stability result are obtained.
Technology Acceptance Model and Social Media Influence On Public Relations Practice in Nigeria
Authors: Igben Harvey G.O. , Ugbome Maureen
Published: March 2023

This paper is focused on how Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) has influenced public relations practitioners’ use of social media in their PR communications. It was established that Perceived ease of use and Perceived usefulness of a technology, in this instance social media has a direct link on whether the PR practitioner will use it in his PR communication. Public relations is not just building and sustaining mutually beneficial relationship between an organization and its publics through traditional public relations tools. Public relations has gone beyond image building and sustenance of goodwill with the aid if conventional PR tools. The onus of this responsibility rest on the public relations practitioner who has been allocated this responsibility. The advent of social media has impacted the activities of public relations practitioners in their PR duties in Nigeria.
Grading Multiple Choice Questions Based On Similarity Measure
Authors: Obot Okure U. , Onwodi Gregory O. , Attai Kingsley F. , John Anietie E. , Etiese Wilson
Published: March 2023

Recent findings show the poor performances of students in Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) examinations. This could be attributed to the administration of questions on application of knowledge rather than on fundamental of knowledge. Candidates doing these examinations at times choose options that are close to the actual answer but get zero (0) as the reward. The objective of developing a system that rewards a candidate based on the approximation of an option chosen not on the exactness of the option to the answer was therefore formulated in this study. 500 MCQs with their model answers, students’ answers and scores obtained from two universities in Nigeria were collected. Jaro similarity measure was used to compute the degree of similarity between the model answers and the student answers. Results of the experiment show an average deviation of 13.3 marks. The adoption of this method of grading would be very beneficial in evaluating learners on e-learning platforms. The result is encouraging but could be improved upon with semantic similarity measure hybridized with string similarity.
Association between anticholinergic medication uses and the risk of pneumonia in elderly adults: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors:   Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shantou Central Hospital., Wu Mindan , Li Zhixuan , Zheng Wenchuan , Zhuang Jia , Wu Shuhan , Zhou Qipeng , Cai Junfu , Zheng Houzhen , Zeng Guixing , Zhang Weilin , Zhang Shengbin , Lin Maohuang , Zhong Xianyang , Zhang Qichuan
Published: March 2023

Review question / Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review on the association between anticholinergic medication uses and the risk of pneumonia in elderly adults. Condition being studied: Because of the widespread use of anticholinergic medication, several epidemiological studies have investigated the association between anticholinergic medication uses and the risk of pneumonia. These studies had been heterogeneous with regard to study design, methodologies, countries and the results were inconsistent. Overall, all of the previous investigations were observational cohort of case-control studies which lacked powerful statistical evidence to assess the relationship between the risk of pneumonia and anticholinergic medication. In the absence of randomized clinical trials, we therefore carried out present meta-analysis and systemic review to summarize the results of all existing studies and to ascertain the risk of pneumonia associated with exposure to anticholinergic medication uses.
A review of the genus Triphysa Zeller, 1858 (Lepidoptera, Satyridae)*
Authors: Dubatolov Vladimir V. , Korb Stanislav K. , Yakovlev Roman V.
Published: March 2023

A review of the genus Triphysa Zeller, 1858 is presented. One new species Triphysa issykkulica sp.n. (type locality: Kazakhstan, W of Almaty, 800 m) and 8 new subspecies are described: Triphysa phryne kasikoporana ssp. n. (type locality: Kasikoporan [NE Turkey, Agri prov.]), Triphysa striatula urumtchiensis ssp. n. (type locality: Urumtchi), Triphysa issykkulica pljustchi ssp. n. (type locality: W. Kirgiziya, Talasskii Mts., Manas), Triphysa nervosa tuvinica ssp. n. (type locality: N. Tuva, near Kyzyl, Tuge Mt.), Triphysa nervosa arturi ssp. n. (type locality: S. Tuva, 15 km WSW Erzin), Triphysa nervosa kobdoensis ssp. n. (type locality: W. Mongolia, Hovd aimak, 15 km S Khara-Us-Nuur lake, 1300 m), Triphysa nervosa mongolaltaica ssp. n. (type locality: Mongolia, Hovd aimak, Bulgan-Gol basin, middle stream of Ulyasutai-Gol river, 2500−3000 m) and Triphysa nervosa brinikhi ssp. n. (type locality: Russia, Chita Reg., Onon distr., 18 km WSW Nizhniy Zasuchey vill., Butyvken lake, Pinus forest, steppe) are described. New status for Triphysa striatula Elwes, 1899, stat. n. is established. The lectotypes of Triphysa nervosa gartoki O.Bang-Haas, 1927, Triphysa phryne kintschouensis O. Bang-Haas, 1939, Triphysa phryne biocellata Staudinger, 1901, Triphysa nervosa tscherski Grum-Grshimailo, 1889 [1890], Triphysa nervosa glacialis A. Bang-Haas, 1912 are designated, the neotype of T. dohrnii Zeller, 1850 (type locality: [Russia], Sarepta) is designated.
Spinh Manifolds
Authors:   Stony Brook University, USA, Lawson Jr. H. Blaine
Published: March 2023

The concept of a Spinh-manifold, which is a cousin of Spin- and Spinc-manifolds, has been at the center of much research in recent years. This article discusses some of the highlights of this story.
Survey of Refractive Errors in Secondary School and Refractive Errors Based- School Screening in Vietnam
Authors: Anh Vu Tuan , Fabrizio D'Esposito , Xuan Le Thi Thanh , Van Pham Trong Van , Nga Tran Thi Hoang
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: School-based visual acuity screening activities calculate the rates of students with possible refractive errors (REs). School staff informs the results of the children’s parents and the need for an in-depth examination to assist students with RE.
AIM: The study aimed to identify the prevalence of REs among secondary students and REs based school screening in some provinces in Vietnam.
METHODS: There are 4838 secondary students participating in the survey. All of them were screened for visual acuity by trained school staff including teachers and nurses. Then, a sub-sample of 1404 students was randomly selected for examination by ophthalmologists. There is a set of criteria to identify cases of low vision. We compared the school staff’s visual acuity screening results with ophthalmologists’ results to identify the difference in visual screening methods.
RESULTS: The proportion of students with untreated eye problems and that of students with an uncorrected refractive error are currently quite high (at, respectively, 18.5% and 24.6%), especially in urban areas in Da Nang and Hai Duong provinces. Two of three children with RE have not received the appropriate correction. The results of visual acuity screenings were conducted by school staff in the target area have a sensitivity of 60.9% and a specificity of 93.8%.
CONCLUSIONS: This indicates that efforts toward detecting students with RE need investments to mitigate the current issues in secondary school. The results suggest that school staffs including teachers and nurses need to be trained with better knowledge and skills in performing screening to improve their screening performance.
Efficacy of Therapeutic Role-Play on Bullying Perpetration among Secondary School Students in Lagos State
Authors: Nwabueze Agatha , Adekeye Olujide , Adejumo Gbadebo O. , Adeusi Sussan O. , Omumu Florence , Chenube Olufunke
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: School bullying has become worrisome all over the world. There is no adequate information on bullying in schools in Nigeria, especially regarding the prevalence and treatment programme. Therefore, this descriptive study examined the efficacy of therapeutic role-plays on bullying perpetration among secondary school students in Lagos State.
AIM: This descriptive study examined the efficacy of therapeutic role-plays on bullying perpetration among secondary school students in Lagos State.
METHODS: The study adopted both survey and experimental designs. The study was in two phases and covered the two of the six educational districts of Lagos State. One thousand, four hundred and forty (1440) participants took part in the prevalence study, while one hundred and thirty-eight participated in the second phase, which was an experimental study.
RESULTS: The finding revealed a significant effect of therapeutic role-play in treating bullying perpetrations among secondary school students (t = 72.822, df = 68; p<0.05).
CONCLUSION: The study concluded that therapeutic role-play effectively reduces bullying perpetrations. Therefore, counsellors should adopt psychological interventions like therapeutic role-play to reduce bullying perpetrations in secondary schools.
Evaluation of Prevalence of Fatigue among Jordanian University Students and its Relation to COVID-19 Quarantine
Authors: Shoiab Aiman , Khwaldeh Alia , Alsarhan Ali , Khashroum Ashraf , Alsheikh Ayman , Ababneh Sokiyna
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) presented an opportunity to conduct an online survey to research the psychological fatigue as a mental health issue among the students of Jadara University, Jordan.
AIM: This study aimed at assessing prevalence of fatigue in the student population of Jadara University (Irbid, Jordan) and its association with COVID-19 quarantine.
METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jadara University during a period of 2 months, extending from March to May, 2020. Two-hundred students (43.8% males and 56.2% females) participated in the study and filled forms of the fatigue assessment scale.
RESULTS: Psychologically-tired students constituted 59.0% of the participants whereas the remainder participants were normal students. Moreover, statistically-significant differences in fatigue between students of the various academic years (p = 0.04) were found. The highest proportion of students suffering from fatigue was observed in the fourth-, and 5th-year students (21 out of 42 and 9 out of 18, respectively, [i.e., 50.0%, each]). The lowest proportion of students suffering from fatigue was that of the 1st-year students (29.0%). Significant differences in fatigue were also found between working and non-working students (p = 0.001), where all the non-working students (92; 100.0%) suffered from fatigue while most of the working students experienced no fatigue (82; 69.0% of the working students).
CONCLUSION: The current study adds to the growing body of knowledge available to policymakers and mental health practitioners throughout the world about the links between individual mental health and the COVİD-19 quarantine.
The Efficacy of Topical Photodynamic Therapy in Precancerous Lesions of the Skin: A Literature Review
Authors: Putra Imam Budi , Jusuf Nelva Karmila , Theresia Calvina
Published: March 2023

Precancerous skin lesions are associated with high probability of malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma. Early detection and management are necessary to improve prognosis and outcomes. Literatures showed that topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising treatment method which can be successfully applied in several conditions in dermatology. This study aims to review the efficacy of topical PDT for various precancerous lesions in dermatology, such as actinic keratosis, Bowen disease, and Bowenoid papulosis.
Screening for Anti Mycobacterium tuberculosis Activity of Streptomyces sp. from Lapindo Mud in Sidoarjo, Indonesia
Authors: Kurnijasanti Rochmah , Rais Muhammad , Sudjarwo Sri Agus
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: Streptomyces sp. from Indonesian soil have not been explored and isolated to find new strains as a source of antibiotics for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) disease.
AIM: In this study, the effect of Streptomyces spp. from Lapindo mud in Sidoarjo, Indonesia be observed, to find out whether Streptomyces spp. has anti-TB activity.
METHODS: The primers Strep F; 5-AGAGTTTGAT CCTGKGTCAG-3 and Strep R; 5-AAGGGAG GTGATCCAKKGKGA-3 were used in polymerase chain reaction amplification of the 16S rRNA gene against Streptomyces strains. The anti-TB activity of Streptomyces sp. was determined by broth dilution method using Middlebrook 7H9 media.
RESULTS: The results showed that new types of Streptomyces spp., namely, Streptomyces A, Streptomyces D, Streptomyces Ea, Streptomyces Ep, Streptomyces I, Streptomyces F, and Streptomyces G from garbage dump soils. This result also showed that the activity of Streptomyces I, Streptomyces F, and Streptomyces G could inhibit the Mycobacterium TB growth by with inhibitory zones, respectively, 2 ± 0.3; 8 ± 0.7 and 15 ± 0.9mm, while Streptomyces A, Streptomyces D, Streptomyces Ea, and Streptomyces Ep did not inhibit M. TB.
CONCLUSION: Thus, from the results obtained, it can be concluded that Streptomyces extract mainly Streptomyces G has promising anti-TB activity by preliminary in vitro techniques. Therefore, it has the definite potential as a source of compounds that may be developed further into antimycobacterial drugs.
Antioxidants and Antihyperlipidemia Test of Ethanol Extract of Indonesian Plant Sambang Getih Leaves (Hemigraphis Bicolor Boerl.) In Hyperlipidemia Mice
Authors: Dewi Rika Sari , Sandhiutami Ni Made Dwi , Sarsono Dea Anisa , Cuinita Doreensia Putri
Published: March 2023

AIM: Sambih getih leaves (SGL) contain flavonoids acting as an antioxidant and antihyperlipidemia. The purpose of this study is to determine the antioxidant activity and antihyperlipidemia effect of Ethanol Extract of Sambang Getih Leaves (EESGL).
METHODS: EESGL was tested for antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo. Antihyperlipidemia test of SGL is done by looking at blood lipid parameters, that are total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) of SGL and atorvastatin showed that Inhibition Concentration (IC50) values are 24.15 and 86.75 ppm. In vivo test was divided into six groups: Normal, negative, positive (atorvastatin), low dose 487.5, medium dose 975, and high dose 1950 mg/kg dose groups.
RESULTS: Measurements of Malondialdehyde (MDA) plasma levels of mice on that groups on 21st day were 1.91 ± 0.51; 5.86 ± 0.57; 2.18 ± 0.55; 4.33 ± 0.16; 3.08 ± 0.06; and 1.82 ± 0.19 nmol/mL. Measurements of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity for each group were 193.29 ± 3.36; 89.41 ± 2.84; 192.46 ± 4.25; 175.53 ± 1.71; 191.53 ± 3.34; and 192.83 ± 2.88 U/mL. Results of total cholesterol level of positive (atorvastatin), low, medium, and high dose group were 62.16%, 40.50%, 48.55%, and 59.52%. The decrease in triglyceride levels was 48.94%, 27.78%, 34.27%, and 54.02%. The decrease in LDL levels was 82.77%, 57.43%, 65.18%, and 77.67%. Increased HDL levels were 20.24%, 17.94%, 17.08%, and 17.84%.
CONCLUSION: Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the EESGL have antioxidant activity and antihyperlipidemia but is not as good as atorvastatin.
Product Development of Rehydration Milk Drinks for Athletes after Exercise (Organoleptic Assessment and Nutritional Content)
Authors: Hizni Alina , Samuel Samuel , Sholichin Sholichin
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: Lack of drinking causes dehydration. Dehydration conditions affect the muscle performance, muscle endurance, and muscle strength of athletes. AIM: The aim of the study was to study the organoleptic assessment of rehydration milk drink for athletes after exercise. METHODS: This was an experimental research design using completely randomized design. The beverage formulation consists of an avocado rehydration milk drink (ARMD), a guava rehydration milk drink (GRMD), and a guava and ARMD (GARMD). The organoleptic evaluation was carried out by athletes with a preference scale (hedonic) from 1 (very dislike) to 10 (very like) for color, odor, taste, texture, and overall. RESULTS: The organoleptic assessment of all parameters showed no differences between the variants of each treatment (p > 0.05). The highest mean values for all organoleptic parameters for each treatment were ARMD1 (mean value 7.16), GRMD1 (mean value 8.03), and GARMD1 (mean value 6.86). The overall mean value is determined to be the best product of each treatment. Of the three treatments, GRMD1 had a better overall organoleptic mean score compared to ARMD1 and GARMD1. The nutritional content of GRMD1/100 g contains energy of 67.69 kcal, 8.04% carbohydrates, 2.65% protein, 2.77% fat, 15.45 mg of omega-3 fatty acids, 7.99 mg Vitamin C, and 13.85% sugar. CONCLUSION: The overall organoleptic assessment of parameters showed no differences between the variants of each treatment. GRMD1 with the highest overall organoleptic score (8.03) contains energy of 67.69 kcal, 8.04% carbohydrates, 2.65% protein, 2.77% fat, 15.45 mg omega-3 fatty acids, 7.99 mg of Vitamin C, and 13.85% sugar per 100 g.
Factors Affecting Outcome in Diabetic Patients with COVID-19: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Chandra Malik , Aman Andi Makbul , Sanusi Himawan Dharmayani , Umar Husaini
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease and often found as a comorbid in COVID-19. Poor glycemic control might play a role in worsening of clinical outcome in COVID-19 patients who lead to increase morbidity and mortality.
AIM: We conducted a study to evaluate relationship between T2DM with or without macrovascular and microvascular complications and cigarette smoking habit with COVID-19 outcomes.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients was conducted in Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar from May 2020 to August 2020. COVID-19 status was obtained using real-time polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2, T2DM status was obtained using blood glucose or HbA1c, and other characteristic data were obtained. Mortality was the clinical outcome in our study.
RESULTS: One hundred and six subjects data were enrolled. Most subjects were male (n = 55; 51.9%), and 55–65 year-old (n = 40; 37.7%). Eighty subjects were survived (75.5%) and 26 subjects did not survive (24.5%). Onset of T2DM ≥ 5 years had a higher mortality rate compared to onset < 5 years (34.9% vs. 17.5%; p = 0.041). Other factors such as gender, age, nutritional status, hypertension, heart disease, smoking habit, and HbA1c did not show significant difference in terms of mortality.
CONCLUSION: COVID-19 patients with onset of T2DM for more than 5 years had a worse outcome compared to the onset of T2DM <5 years.
Traduction et réécriture. L’Eclipsi, un roman lipogrammatique en a
Authors: Güell Mònica
Published: March 2023

On étudie ici la version catalane de La Disparition de Georges Perec, de la main d’Adrià Pujol Cruells, autour des points suivants : la grille des contraintes lexico-syntaxiques du lipogramme en a (c’est la voyelle la plus fréquente en catalan), la structure interne, le nom des personnages, les toponymes, les référents culturels catalans et les allusions métatextuelles. L’habileté du traducteur fait de L’Eclipsi un roman catalan à part entière.
Le Projet Poétique Planétaire de Jacques Jouet : une contrainte déraisonnable
Authors: Tahar Virginie
Published: March 2023

En mai 2013, Jacques Jouet s’est engagé dans un projet faramineux et inédit dans l’histoire de la poésie : le Projet Poétique Planétaire (abrégé en PPP) dont l’objectif est d’envoyer chaque jour, par la Poste, un poème à un membre de l’humanité, jusqu’à ce que chaque être humain possède son propre poème adressé. Cet article interroge l’incidence de cette procédure singulière sur les textes écrits, mais aussi les enjeux sous-jacents de cette contrainte déraisonnable, proche de l’art conceptuel dans son énoncé même.
Une traduction oulipienne des oulipiens ?
Authors: Lladó Ramon
Published: March 2023

Pour envisager la traduction des œuvres oulipiennes, il ne suffit pas de poser la question des procédés ou des méthodes traductifs. Il faut considérer la question depuis une perspective tactique, en visant ce que nous appelons les grandes manœuvres, dont nous ne pouvons pas faire l’économie pour assurer une version fidèle tant à l’esprit qu’à la lettre du texte. Pour analyser la traduction catalane de La Vie mode d’emploi de Georges Perec, œuvre essentielle de la littérature à contraintes, nous tâcherons de passer en revue non pas les procédés mis en œuvre ici ou là pour les critiquer ou les prôner, mais nous observerons la figure du traducteur comme celle d’un rat qui manœuvre dans le labyrinthe pour se procurer un agencement qui puisse, tout en adaptant la contrainte structurale, rendre possibles des solutions microtextuelles adaptées à l’occasion.
La réception de l’Oulipo en Catalogne et en Espagne
Authors: Salceda Hermes
Published: March 2023

Les pages qui suivent constituent une tentative d’ébaucher une carte générale de la réception de l’Oulipo en Espagne et en Catalogne. Il s’agira à cet effet de relever les usages qui sont faits de la potentialité quel que soit le système sémiotique à travers lequel elle s’exprime. On distinguera donc plusieurs domaines : les traductions, les productions des auteurs qui travaillent sous contrainte oulipienne, la réception universitaire, le milieu pédagogique et les arts plastiques.
L’Eclipsi, de Georges Perec
Authors: Pujol Cruells Adrià
Published: March 2023

Après six ans de travail, la version catalane de La Disparition paraît, avec le titre de L’Eclipsi. L’héritage de Georges Perec grandit, traverse les frontières et les temps et, à cette occasion, contribue également à l’élargissement de la littérature catalane.
Analyse des ajustements réciproques dans une activité de coenseignement
Authors: Saillot Éric , Malmaison Séverine
Published: March 2023

Cet article présente une étude sur le dispositif « Plus de maîtres que de classes » (PMQC), instauré dans le cadre de la refondation de l’école française (2013) pour renforcer la maîtrise des compétences de base des élèves à l’école primaire par l’affectation d’un maître supplémentaire afin de permettre de nouvelles organisations, dont le coenseignement, au sein même de la classe. À partir des travaux de Bucheton (2009) sur les gestes professionnels d’ajustements et de la modélisation d’une posture professionnelle d’étayage (Bucheton et Soulé, 2009 ; Saillot, 2015), notre problématique ambitionne de caractériser les ajustements réciproques entre les deux enseignants, car nous postulons l’hypothèse de leur centralité dans l’activité de coenseignement. Nous essaierons de comprendre le fonctionnement de ces ajustements réciproques afin de définir l’essence même du coenseignement.
Dexmedetomidine induced hypotension and hemostatic markers
Authors: Eid Gehan M. , Mostafa Shaimaa F. , Abu Elyazed Mohamed M.
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:

The hemostatic system undergoes extensive alterations following surgical trauma leading to a hypercoagulable state. We assessed and compared the changes in platelet aggregation, coagulation, and fibrinolysis status during normotensive and dexmedetomidine-induced hypotensive anesthesia in patients undergoing spine surgery.

Material and Methods:

Sixty patients undergoing spine surgery were randomly allocated into two groups: normotensive and dexmedetomidine-induced hypotensive groups. Platelet aggregation was assessed preoperatively, 15 min after induction, 60 min, and 120 min after skin incision, at the end of surgery, 2 h and 24 h postoperatively. Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), platelet count, antithrombin III, fibrinogen, and D-dimer levels were measured preoperatively, 2 h and 24 h postoperatively.

Results:

Preoperative platelet aggregation (%) was comparable between both groups. Platelet aggregation significantly increased intraoperative at 120 min after skin incision and postoperatively in the normotensive group compared to the preoperative value (P < 0.05) but it was insignificantly decreased during the intraoperative induced hypotensive period in the dexmedetomidine-induced hypotensive group (P > 0.05). Postoperative PT, aPTT significantly increased and platelet count, and antithrombin III significantly decreased in the normotensive group compared to the preoperative value (P < 0.05) but they were not significantly changed in the hypotensive group (P > 0.05). Postoperative D-dimer significantly increased in the two groups compared to the preoperative value (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Intraoperative and postoperative platelet aggregation significantly increased in the normotensive group with significant alterations of the coagulation markers. Dexmedetomidine-induced hypotensive anesthesia prevented the increased platelet aggregation that occurred in the normotensive group with better preservation of platelet and coagulation factors.
Suprascapular nerve block is faster and as effective as hydrodistension in relieving frozen shoulder-associated pain and disability: A prospective, single-blind observational study with a follow-up of 24 weeks
Authors: Jain Anuj , Nagar Manoj , Jain Suruchi , Barasker Swapnil Kumar
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:

Hydrodistension (HD) and suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) have been shown to reduce pain and improve shoulder function in frozen shoulder (FS). The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of HD and SSNB in the treatment of idiopathic FS.

Material and Methods:

This was a prospective observational study. A total of 65 patients with FS were treated with SSNB or HD. The functional outcome was evaluated by Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) score and active shoulder range of motion (ROM) measured at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks. Parametric data were analyzed using an independent sample T-test. Nonparametric data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon test. A P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Result:

At the end of 24 weeks, the two-group improved significantly from the baseline and the improvement was comparable between the two groups. ROM also improved significantly in both groups. At 2nd week, SPADI score was significantly less in SSNB group (P < 0.05). About 43% of patients considered HD extremely painful.

Conclusion:

Both HD and SSNB are almost equally effective in reducing pain and improving shoulder function. However, SSNB leads to a faster improvement.
Mist nebulizer versus heated humidifier on endotracheal tube patency in spontaneously breathing intubated patients: A prospective, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Patil Vijaya P. , Deb Prakash , Agarwal Vandana , Kumar Pavan
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:

Using a humidifier in intubated patients is now a standard of care as the humidifying effect of the upper airway is lost. We conducted this study to compare the efficacy of a heated humidifier (HH) with the more commonly used conventional mist nebulizer on overnight intubated and spontaneously breathing post-operative patients.

Material and Methods:

This prospective, randomized control trial included 60 post-operative overnight intubated and spontaneously breathing patients, of which 30 patients were allocated to the HH group and 30 to the mist nebulizer group. The reduction of endotracheal tube (ETT) patency was measured quantitatively by the difference between the pre-intubation and immediate post-extubation ETT volume and compared between the two groups. Also, the characteristics of secretion, the temperature of inspired gas at the Y-piece, and the frequency of refilling the humidifier chamber were recorded and compared.

Results:

The reduction of ETT volume was significantly more in the mist nebulizer group compared to the HH group (P-value 0.00026). The mean temperature of the inspired gas (°C) was higher in the HH group (P-value < 0.0001). More patients in the mist nebulizer group had thicker (P-value 0.057) and drier secretions (P-value 0.005) compared to the HH group. None of the patients in the HH group required refilling of the humidifier chamber while the mean frequency of the refilling was 3.5 times per patient in the mist nebulizer group.

Conclusion:

HH may be preferred over mist nebulizer as the latter requires more frequent refilling which may not be practically possible in a busy recovery room rendering the patient at the risk of inhaling dry gas and consequent thick and dry secretions with decreased ETT patency.
Analgesic efficacy of ultrasound guided quadratus lumborum block versus ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block following pediatric open inguinal hernia repair: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mostafa Shaimaa F. , Abdelghany Mohamed S. , Elyazed Mohamed M. Abu
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:

Inguinal hernia repair is a common surgical procedure. We compared the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum (QL) block versus ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric (II/IH) nerve block in pediatric patients undergoing open inguinal hernia repair.

Material and Methods:

It was a prospective randomized study in which 90 patients of 1-8 years of age were randomly assigned into control (general anesthesia only), QL block, and II/IH nerve block groups. Children’s Hospital Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS), perioperative analgesic consumptions, and time to first analgesic request were recorded. The normally distributed quantitative parameters were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey’s HSD test while parameters that did not follow a normal distribution and the CHEOPS score were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferonni correction for post-hoc analysis.

Results:

In the 1st 6h postoperative, the median (IQR) CHEOPS score was higher in the control group than II/IH group (P = 0.000) and QL group (P = 0.000) while comparable between the latter two groups. CHEOPS scores were significantly lower in the QL block group than the control group and II/IH nerve block group at 12 and 18h. The intraoperative fentanyl and postoperative paracetamol consumptions in the control group were higher than II/IH and QL groups while lower in QL than II/IH group.

Conclusion:

Ultrasound-guided QL and II/IH nerve blocks provided effective postoperative analgesia in pediatric patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair with lower pain scores and less perioperative analgesic consumptions in the QL block group compared to II/IH group.
Incidence of radiographic pulmonary abnormalities after posterior spinal fusion surgery for pediatric scoliosis
Authors: Hussein Kareem , Black Colin
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:

Pulmonary complications are the most common non-neurologic complications following surgical correction of scoliosis. These can affect postoperative recovery by increasing the length of stay and/or the need for ventilatory support. The aim of this retrospective study is to determine the incidence of radiographic abnormalities reported in chest radiography after posterior spinal fusion surgery for the treatment of scoliosis in children.

Material and Methods:

A retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent posterior spinal fusion surgery in our center between January 2016 and December 2019 was attempted. Radiographic data including chest and spine radiographs were reviewed on the national integrated medical imaging system using medical record numbers for all patients in the 7 postoperative days.

Results:

Seventy-six (45.5%) of the 167 patients developed radiographic abnormalities in the postoperative period. There was evidence of atelectasis in 50 (29.9%) patients, pleural effusion in 50 (29.9%) patients, pulmonary consolidation in 8 (4.8%) patients, pneumothorax in 6 (3.6%) patients, subcutaneous emphysema in 5 (3%) patients, and rib fracture in 1 (0.6%) patient. Four (2.4%) patients were noted to have an intercostal tube inserted postoperatively, three for treating pneumothorax, and one for pleural effusion.

Conclusion:

A large number of radiographic pulmonary abnormalities were encountered in children following surgical treatment of pediatric scoliosis. Although not all radiographic findings may be clinically significant, early recognition may guide clinical management. The incidence of air leak (pneumothorax, subcutaneous emphysema) was significant and could influence local protocol formulation with regards to obtaining immediate postoperative chest radiograph and intervention if clinically necessary.
Analgesic effect of ketorolac as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided pectoral nerve block (I + II) for patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Al-Touny Shimaa A. , Abd Elnasser Amira G. , Al-Taher Ezzat M. , El-lilly Ahmed A.
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:

Many drugs have been tried as adjuvant to local anesthetic in different nerve blocks. Ketorolac is one of them, but it has never been used in pectoral nerve block. In this study, we evaluated its adjuvant effect with local anesthetic on postoperative analgesia in ultrasound (US)-guided pectoral nerve (PECS) blocks. The aim was to assess the quality and the duration of analgesia by the addition of ketorolac in the PECS block.

Material and Methods:

46 patients who underwent modified radical mastectomies under general anesthesia were randomized into two groups: control group, where pectoral nerve block was given with bupivacaine 0.25% only; and ketorolac group, where the block was given with bupivacaine 0.25% and ketorolac 30 mg.

Results:

Patients who needed postoperative supplemental analgesia were significantly less in the ketorolac group (9 vs 21 patients, P = 0.00) and that first-time analgesic requirement was significantly later in the ketorolac group (14 hrs) postoperatively compared to the control group (9 hrs) postoperatively.

Conclusion:

Adding ketorolac to bupivacaine in pectoral nerve block safely increases postoperative duration of analgesia.
Shivering and changes in body temperature in patients undergoing caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia with bupivacaine vs bupivacaine and fentanyl: A randomized clinical study
Authors: Thakur Niraj , Balachander Hemavathi , Rudingwa Priya , Panneerselvam Sakthirajan
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:

Shivering is common after spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing cesarean section. Various drugs have been used for its prevention. The primary aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of adding a small dose of fentanyl intrathecally (12.5 μg) in reducing the occurrence of intraoperative shivering and hypothermia and note any significant side effects in this subset of patients.

Material and Methods:

In this randomized controlled trial, 148 patients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia were included. In 74 patients, spinal anesthesia was administered with 1.8 mL of hyperbaric bupivacaine (0.5%), and the remaining 74 patients received 12.5 μg of intrathecal fentanyl with 1.8 mL of hyperbaric bupivacaine. Both were compared to find the incidence of shivering and change in nasopharyngeal and peripheral temperature along with the temperature at the onset of shivering and the grade of shivering.

Results:

The incidence of shivering was 9.46% in the intrathecal bupivacaine plus fentanyl group, which was significantly less than the group with intrathecal bupivacaine alone (41.89%). The nasopharyngeal and peripheral temperature showed a decreasing trend in both groups but were greater in the plain bupivacaine group.

Conclusion:

The addition of 12.5 μg of intrathecal fentanyl to bupivacaine in parturient undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia significantly reduces the occurrence and intensity of shivering without its adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting, and pruritus, etc.
Early total care to early appropriate care - What every anesthesiologist must know!
Authors: Gupta Babita , Farooque Kamran
Published: March 2023

Orthopedic trauma is one of the commonest injuries necessitating surgical intervention in a trauma patient. The management protocols in such severely injured orthopedic patients have evolved from conservative treatment to ‘early total care’ (ETC) to ‘damage control orthopedics’ (DCO) and recently to ‘early appropriate care’ (EAC)/‘safe definitive surgery’ (SDS). ‘DCO’ involves emergent, basic minimum life- or limb-saving surgery with continued resuscitation and definitive fixation of fractures being done later, once the patient has been resuscitated and stabilized. An insight into the immunological processes at a molecular level evoked in a poly-traumatized patient led to the evolution of the ‘two-hit theory;’ ‘first hit’ being the injury itself while the ‘second hit’ caused by the surgical trauma. As the ‘two-hit theory’ gained popularity, it led to a delay of definitive surgery for 2–5 days following trauma, since a higher complication rate was observed following definitive surgery within the first 5 days of the injury. This is a review article on the historical perspectives of DCO, immunological mechanisms involved, and various injuries requiring damage control approach or EAC/ETC and their anesthetic management.