bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arte comunitario: Cohesión entre arte, ecología y educación
Authors: Marques Ibañez Ana Maria
Published: September 2018

Actualmente existen prácticas artísticas educativas donde cohabitan nexos de unión con el arte contemporáneo y se destinan a proyectos sociales, con nociones propias del posmodernismo de reapropiación o intervención de los espacios periféricos, urbanos o naturales. Se manifiesta una correspondencia entre diversas concepciones como: cultura, arte y medio ambiente mediante experiencias artísticas interdisciplinares con el fin de estudiar cómo los artistas, comisarios, investigadores, fotoperiodistas, publicistas y arquitectos, exponen temas heterogéneos para solucionar conflictos a nivel local y proyectarlo como una idea global con una mirada desde la comunidad. Los aspectos a desarrollar más significativos son problemáticas sociales, de identidad cultural, calentamiento global, sequía, catástrofes naturales que ocasionan la destrucción del hábitat y la degradación del entorno. Es esencial crear prácticas artísticas innovadoras generadoras de nuevas narrativas alternativas para el fomento del bienestar social. Análisis de cómo desde la cultura visual, arte contemporáneo y educación artística se interrelacionan ecología, sociología, antropología y justicia para aplicarlo al consumo racional de recursos.
Hegazkinen elektrifikazioa: aktuatzaile elektromekanikoak eta propultsio elektrikoa
Authors: Sierra Andres Mauricio , Ibarra Edorta , Kortabarria Iñigo , Andreu Jon , Lasa Joseba
Published: September 2018

Gaur egun, elektrifikazio-maila altuak dituzten hegazkinak (MEA, More Electric Aircraft, ingelesez) kontuan hartzen dira aireko garraio ekologikoagoa, jasangarriagoa eta eraginkorragoa lortzeko. Alde horretatik, tradizionalak diren sistema pneumatikoak, hidraulikoak, eta mekanikoak sistema elektrikoengatik ordezkatu nahi dira, denborarekin, MEA kontzeptuaren helburuak lortzeko. Bi aplikazio elektriko nabarmentzen dira MEA motako hegazkinetan: aktuadore elektromekanikoak (EMA, Electro Mechanical Actuator, ingelesez) eta propultsio elektrikoa/hibridoa. Teknologia horien teknologiaren egoera garatzen da lan honetan, eta egileek EMA prototipo erreal batean lortutako emaitzak azaltzen dira. Horrez gain, sistema horien elementu nagusi diren potentzia-sistemak eta motor elektrikoak aztertzen dira, industria aeronautikoaren beharrizan zorrotzak direla-eta egokienak izan daitezkeen fase anitzeko topologietan zentratuz.
Hozketa-hodien fabrikazioa berotako trokeletan laser-ekarpen bidez
Authors: Arrizubieta Jon Iñaki , Ukar Eneko , Cortina Magdalena , Ruiz Jose Exequiel , Aseginolaza Ines , Lamikiz Aitzol
Published: September 2018

Berotako estanpazioan xafla metalikoaren hozketa egokirako hain beharrezkoak diren hozketa-hodiak gaur egun zulaketa bidez fabrikatzea beste irtenbide teknologikorik ez dago. Hala, haien forma fabrikazio-prozesu horrek mugatzen du, eta, hortaz, ezinezkoa da trokelaren gainazal kurboekiko paraleloak diren hozketa-hodiak fabrikatzea. Ondorioz, konformaturiko xaflaren hozketa ez-homogeneoa lortzen da, eta bukaerako piezak propietate mekaniko aldakorrak ditu gune batean eta bestean. Murrizketa horri aurre egiteko helburuarekin, erabaki da hozketa-hodiak laser-ekarpeneko prozesuaren bidez fabrikatzea eta ikerlan honetan prozesu horren bideragarritasuna aztertu da.
SABERES E APRENDIZAGENS: ENTRE OS NÚMEROS E AS PESSOAS
Authors: Pacheco José Augusto Brito
Published: September 2018

Não se esgotam as ideias sobre a educação e mais ainda sobre as suas finalidades, sempre num pêndulo oscilante entre o social, de âmbito cultural, político e ideológico, e o pessoal, na esfera do sujeito e da multiplicidade de subjetividades que o tornam em pessoa. Desde os escritos filosóficos até aos sociológicos e pedagógicos, a educação e a formação têm sempre em vista saberes e aprendizagens, geralmente discutidos em propostas curriculares – sim, porque o currículo é conhecimento – diferentemente perspetivadas. São analisadas neste texto as racionalidades de Estado, Sujeito e Mercado como abordagens oscilando entre os números e as pessoas.
POLÍTICAS LINGUÍSTICAS NA UNIVERSIDADE: A PROMOÇÃO DAS LÍNGUAS INDÍGENAS NO CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM FORMAÇÃO INTERCULTURAL PARA EDUCADORES INDÍGENAS (FIEI)
Authors: Gorete Neto Maria
Published: September 2018

Esse artigo reflete sobre as políticas linguístico-educacionais para os povos indígenas no Brasil e apresenta algumas ações de políticas linguísticas para a promoção das línguas indígenas desenvolvidas no âmbito do curso de licenciatura em Formação Intercultural para Educadores Indígenas da UFMG. No FIEI são faladas variedades de português indígena de seis povos e mais as línguas Guarani e Maxakali. Há uma preocupação bastante grande por parte do corpo docente em ensinar o português acadêmico sem sufocar as referidas línguas. Construir instrumentos do processo seletivo FIEI contemplando as línguas indígenas, facultar a expressão oral e escrita nessas línguas nas aulas e pesquisas desenvolvidas pelos universitários indígenas, desenvolver materiais didáticos e propostas de ensino são algumas das ações que vêm sendo implementadas. Espera-se que esse texto possa contribuir na reflexão e promoção de novas ações com vistas a ultrapassar alguns limites já detectados.
Phyloproteomic and functional analyses do not support the split of the genus Borrelia(phylum Spirochaetes).
Authors: Estrada Peña Agustín , Cabezas-Cruz Alejandro
Published: September 2018

Background: The evolutionary history of species is frequently derived from molecular sequences, and the resulting phylogenetic trees do not include explicit functional information. Here, the biological processes of 42,489 proteins of the reference proteomes of 34 species of Spirochaetes were used to test the functional relation among bacteria in this phylum. We tested the hypothesis of whether the species of the genus
Borreliaare as different as to be splitted in two different genera.

Results: Detrended Canonical Analysis demonstrated that the presence/absence of BPs among selected bacteria contains a strong phylogenetic signal and did not separate species of
Borrelia. Examining the ten biological processes in which more proteins are involved consistently demonstrated that species in
Borreliaare more similar among them than free-life species (
Sediminispirochaeta,
Spirochaeta,
Sphaerochaeta) or pathogenic without vectors (
Leptospira,
Treponema, Brachyspira), which are highly divergent. A dendrogram based on presence/absence of proteins in the reference proteomes demonstrated that the distance between species of the same genus in free-life or pathogenic non-vector species are higher than among the 19 species (27 strains) of
Borrelia. A phyloproteomic network supported the close functional association between species of
Borreliaand their peculiarities about the extreme reduction of its proteome.

Conclusions: The proteome of 27 strains of
Borreliademonstrated that only a few proteins have separately evolved in the relapsing fever and Lyme borreliosis groups, while most prominent proteins and processes of
Borreliaare a subset of those found in free life and non-vectored pathogenic species. In addition, the functional innovation (i.e. unique biological processes or proteins) of
Borreliais very low compared with other genera of Spirochaetes. Functional differences among
Borreliaspecies were found to be marginal. Phyloproteomic networks including all pairwise combinations between species, proteins and processes contribute better than other methods to evaluate the evolutionary relationships among the taxa. With the limitations of data availability, results do not support the split of the arthropod-transmitted spirochaetes into the proposed genera
Borreliaand
Borreliella.
National Culture and Perceived Ethics of Tax Evasion: Case of Bali Province
Authors: Mahaputra I Nyoman Kusuma Adnyana , Rustiarini Ni Wayan , Anggraini Ni Putu Nita , Sudiartana I Made
Published: September 2018

This study aims to investigate the relationship of national cculture and taxpayer's ethical perception of tax evasion. National culture dimensions include powner dinstance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism/ccollectivism, masculinity/femininity, lOng/shurt tarm orientation, and indulgence/rrestraint. This study employes survey method, using online questionnaires for taxpayers who haveself employment in Bali Province.Three hundred and seventy seven taxpayers fillend out online questionnaires. This model is processed using multiple linear regression analysis method. The results indicate that power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism/collectivism, and femininity/masculinity are associated with perceived ethics of tax evasion, but do not associated between short term/long term orientation and indulgence/restrain with perceived ethics of tax evasion. This study is expected to improve knowledge about tax evasion especially related to national culture. Practically, the results are expected to provide input for tax regulators to consider the role of national culture in identifying the causes of tax evasion.
Medpoklicno nasilje v operativni dejavnosti
Authors: Oblak Tina , Skela-Savič Brigita
Published: September 2018

Uvod: V operativni dejavnosti heterogena skupina strokovnjakov z različnimi osebnostmi in vrednostnimi sistemi, značilnimi za vsako profesijo, deli odgovornost do enega pacienta, kar lahko sproži napetost v odnosih in se stopnjuje v nasilje. Namen raziskave je bil prikazati razširjenost tega fenomena ter opredeliti z njim povezane dejavnike in posledice.Metode: Izvedena je bila sistematična iskalna strategija v bazah podatkov CINAHL, Medline, Academic Search Elite, ProQuest in COBIB.SI z datumom objave od januarja 2008 do vključno decembra 2017. Uporabljeni so bili iskalni pojmi v angleščini aggressive behavior, disruptive behavior, operating room, perioperative, violence, verbal abuse, bullying, surgeon in v slovenščini zdravstvena nega, nasilje. Podanih je bilo 735 zadetkov, glede na naslov in izvleček smo za ustrezne določili 68 virov, po vsebinskem pregledu smo jih izločili še 47.Rezultati: Zaključki pregleda literature so temeljili na 22 referencah. Oblikovanih je bilo 6 kategorij: (1) povzročitelji in nivoji nasilja, (2) vrste (tipi) nasilja, (3) neposredni vzroki za pojav nasilja v operacijski dvorani, (4) dejavniki, povezani s pojavom in prepoznavnostjo nasilja, (5) posledice nasilja ter (6) individualni in sistemski organizacijski ukrepi za obvladovanje posledic nasilja.Diskusija in zaključek: Najpogostejši izvajalci nasilja v operativni dejavnosti so kirurgi in zaposleni v operacijski zdravstveni negi, najpogostejši vzroki pa hierarhija, nepredvidljive situacije, kadrovski in materialni deficit, medosebni odnosi, delovna obremenitev,  organizacijska kultura. Izkazuje se potreba po tovrstni reprezentativni raziskavi v Sloveniji.
TRANSPEDICULAR FREE-HAND FIXATION IN THE SUBAXIAL CERVICAL SPINE
Authors: Magomedov Sh. Sh. , Dokish M. Yu. , Tatarintsev A. P.
Published: September 2018

Objective. To analyze the results of surgical treatment of patients with injuries and diseases of the cervical spine operated on using transpedicular fixation with free-hand technique.Matherial and Methods. A total of 97 patients with unstable injuries, congenital and acquired deformities, as well as with tumorous lesions of the cervical spine were examined. All patients were evaluated for the stability and reliability of transpedicular fixation in the long-term period, with the analysis of mistakes and complications that arose during treatment.Results. Positive results were obtained in 94.8 % of cases, and signs of fixation instability were absent in all patients. Despite 125 cases of pedicle wall perforation, only four patients required revision surgeries. A low rate of complications was noted, including no damage to the vertebral artery. The pain syndrome in patients decreased.Conclusion. The obtained results prove high efficiency and sufficient safety of the free-hand technique for the cervical spine fixation. At the same time, the technique requires careful preoperative preparation and examination of patients, thorough knowledge of anatomy of the operated area, and experience and qualification of the surgeon.
VARIANTS OF TITANIUM MESH IMPLANT PENETRATION INTO THE LUMBAR VERTEBRAL BODIES AFTER ANTERIOR FUSION
Authors: Mazurenko A. N. , Pustovoytenko V. T. , Makarevich S. V. , Krivorot K. A. , Somova Irina Nikolayevna
Published: September 2018

Objective. To assess radiological results of anterior spinal fusion using cylindrical titanium mesh implant for lumbar spine fracture.

Material and Мethods. A total of 74 adult patients with unstable fractures of the L1-L5 vertebral bodies were selected. They underwent posterior instrumental fixation, anterior decompression of the spinal cord and its roots, and anterior interbody fusion with placement of titanium mesh implant. Radiological and CT control was performed immediately and 0.5-2 years after surgery.

Results. The phenomenon of implant penetration into the body/bodies of the cranial and/or caudal fused vertebrae has been revealed. Depending on the nature of penetration, single-level (into one vertebra) and two-level (into two vertebrae) variants of the implant edge penetration were identified. A method for calculating the penetration rate was developed, which value determines three grades of the implant penetration: grade 1 with a rate less than 0.1; grade 2 - 0.1-0.29; and grade 3 - more than 0.3. On this basis, the results of anterior spinal fusion are evaluated as good, satisfactory or unsatisfactory, respectively. If the implant did not penetrate, the result is considered excellent.

Conclusion. The proposed rate of implant penetration allows for objective evaluation of the interbody fusion results, both immediate and long-term.
THREE-COLUMN OSTEOTOMY OF THE SPINE DURING REVISION SURGERY IN A PATIENT WITH CONGENITAL ANGULAR THORACOLUMBAR KYPHOSCOLIOSIS
Authors: Panteleyev A. A. , Sazhnev M. L. , Gorbatyuk D. S. , Kazmin A. I. , Pereverzev V. S. , Kolesov S. V.
Published: September 2018

A clinical case of surgical treatment of a female adolescent patient with multiple malformations, congenital thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis, severe lower paraparesis and impaired functions of pelvic organs is presented with a review of the literature on the problem under consideration. During the course of treatment over several years, the patient underwent repeated revision surgical interventions because of implant instability and infectious complications. The last stage of treatment included a three-column osteotomy of the spine at the deformity apex with posterior instrumented fixation. A significant correction of the deformity was achieved. Based on the results of 18-month follow-up, the correction is maintained, the implant is stable. The patient reports a significant improvement in the quality of life.
Development of a wheeled walker braking device using the four-bar mechanism
Authors: Choi ChangMin , Lee Se-Han , Lee DongGeon , Hong SoungKyun , Pyo SeungHyeon , Park SuHo , Lee Kyeongbong , Lee GyuChang
Published: September 2018

The elderly population in many countries has been rising rapidly, and falls are a serious event many elderly people experience. Assistive equipment is actively used to reduce falls among elderly people. Popular types of assistive equipment include canes, electric wheelchairs, and wheeled walkers. Wheeled walkers support the body of elderly people, making their gait comfortable as they age or recover from injuries. Wheeled walkers may be equipped with hand brakes; however, frail older people may experience difficulty using such hand brakes, as they require force to operate. Thus, in the present study, a braking method using a wire connected to a user’s belt or clothes was designed and implemented; if the tension of the wire connecting the safety device and the user exceeds a critical value, the wheeled walker brakes, which can prevent the rapid motion of walkers. Two feasibility tests of the wheeled walker with the braking device were conducted: one with 10 healthy adults in their 20s and the other with 10 elderly people over 65 years of age; the tests measured the braking time and speed control using a speed measuring device. The results of the first and second feasibility tests demonstrated that the average braking time of participants was 50.3 ms and 50.7 ms, respectively. All participants in the feasibility tests succeeded in the speed control test. Thus, based on the results, the braking device on the wheeled walker worked properly.
Optical measurement of the corneal oscillation for the determination of the intraocular pressure
Authors: Osmers Jan , Sorg Michael , Fischer Andreas
Published: September 2018

Motivation

Glaucoma is currently the most common irreversible cause of blindness worldwide. A significant risk factor is an individually increased intraocular pressure (IOP). A precise measurement method is needed to determine the IOP in order to support the diagnosis of the disease and to monitor the outcome of the IOP reduction as a medical intervention. A handheld device is under development with which the patient can perform self-measurements outside the clinical environment.

Method

For the measurement principle of the self-tonometer the eye is acoustically excited to oscillate, which is analyzed and attributed to the present IOP. In order to detect the corneal oscillation, an optical sensor is required which meets the demands of a compact, battery driven self-tonometer. A combination of an infrared diode and a phototransistor provides a high-resolution measurement of the corneal oscillation in the range of 10 μm–150 μm, which is compared to a reference sensor in the context of this study. By means of an angular arrangement of the emitter and the detector, the degree of reflected radiation of the cornea can be increased, allowing a measurement with a high signal-to-noise ratio.

Results

By adjusting the angle of incidence between the detector and the emitter, the signal-to-noise ratio was improved by 40 dB which now allows reasonable measurements of the corneal oscillation. For low amplitudes (10 μm) the signal-to-noise ratio is 10% higher than that of the commercial reference sensor. On the basis of amplitude variations at different IOP levels, the estimated standard uncertainty amounts to <0.5 mm Hg in the physiological pressure range with the proposed measuring approach.

Conclusion

With a compact and cost-effective approach, that suits the requirements for a handheld self-tonometer, the corneal oscillation can be detected with high temporal resolution. The cross-sensitivity of the sensor concept concerning a distance variation can be reduced by adding a distance sensor. Existing systematic influences of corneal biomechanics will be integrated in the sensor concept as a consecutive step.
Assistance in handling large-enrolment, introductory General Chemistry courses
Authors: Pavelka Laura , Ghoshdastidar Avik , Huot Mitchell J. , Butler Ian S.
Published: September 2018

The post-secondary education system in the Province de Québec is quite different from that in the rest of Canada and in many other countries throughout the world. The introduction of a 2-year Collèges d’enseignement général et professionnel (CEGEP) program in 1967 has led to a reduction in the number of years that Quebec students have to spend in both high school and at university. The CEGEP program combines the last year of high school with the first year of a traditional 4-year university program meaning that students living in Quebec must do a 3-year undergraduate degree at the universities, while all other students must do a 4-year degree. Moreover, since almost 50 % of 27 000 undergraduate students at McGill come from other parts of Canada and internationally, this has led to enrolments of about 1000 students in the basic science courses. We present here an overview of how the introductory General Chemistry courses at McGill University are currently being handled so that the students have a meaningful first-year experience.
Plasma treatment of plastic film or decorative veneer and its effects on the peel strength and curling deformation of plastic film-reinforced pliable decorative sliced veneer (PR-RP-DSV)
Authors: Peng Xiaorui , Zhang Zhankuan
Published: September 2018

A new type of plastic-film-reinforced pliable decorative sliced veneer (PF-RP-DSV) for wood product surface finishing was developed. The plastic film served as both the reinforcing and adhesive material. Consequently, the veneer did not need adhesives during preparation and wood surface finishing. However, the interface bonding strength between the two composite was low and the curling deformation was serious because of the large difference in polarity and thermal expansion coefficient of the two materials. In this paper, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic film (PF) and a decorative sliced veneer (DSV) fromBrachystegia laurentiiwere treated with plasma to improve interfacial adhesion and reduce curling deformation. The plasma-modified (PM) PF and DSV increased the bonding strength of the resulting composites and generated an evenly distributed quasi glue layer between the two materials. The PM-PF had more influence on the interface bonding strength than the PM-DSV. This effect can be attributed to the great decrease in crystallinity and increment of oxygen-containing functional group in the PM-PF. The veneer fromB. laurentiican achieve good gluing performance and small curling deformation at a hot pressing temperature of 120°C, pressing time of 150s and pressing at 0.6 MPa.
Modeling Reaction Kinetics of Twin Polymerization via Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Authors: Prehl Janett , Masser Robin , Salamon Peter , Hoffmann Karl Heinz
Published: September 2018

We present a kinetic model for the reaction mechanism of acid-catalyzed twin polymerization. Our model characterizes the reaction mechanism not by the reactants, intermediate structures, and products, but via reaction-relevant moieties. We apply our model for three different derivatives of 2,2’-Spirobi[4H-1,3,2-benzodioxasiline] and determine activation energies, reaction enthalpies, and reaction rate constants for the reaction steps in our mechanism. We compare our findings to previously reported values obtained from density functional theory calculations. Furthermore, with this approach we are also able to follow the time development of the concentrations of the reaction-relevant moieties.
Through air drying assisted by infrared radiation: the influence of radiator power on drying rates and temperature
Authors: Tysén Aron , Vomhoff Hannes , Nilsson Lars
Published: September 2018

The use of infrared radiation for heating the web in the through air drying process was investigated in lab scale. The hypothesis was that infrared radiation should be a more efficient method to transfer drying energy to the wet web compared to hot air, but that a certain air flow is still required as a transport medium for the evaporated water. A trial program comprising handsheets made of two types of bleached chemical pulps, five grammages (15, 22, 30 and 60 g/m²), and dried with five radiator power levels was performed on a lab scale through air drying equipment. Drying times of the samples were determined from temperature data recorded with an infrared camera. The use of infrared radiation shortened drying times, especially for low grammage samples. The shortening of the drying time ranged between 10 and 45 %. The most substantial shortenings were obtained for the lowest grammages and the highest radiator power level. However, the increase of power did not linearly shorten drying time. After an initial shortening at the lowest power level, the positive effect of the IR heating decreased as the power was further increased.
Advice from the Scientific Advisory Board of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons on isotopically labelled chemicals and stereoisomers in relation to the Chemical Weapons Convention
Authors: Timperley Christopher M. , Forman Jonathan E. , Abdollahi Mohammad , Al-Amri Abdullah Saeed , Alonso Isel Pascual , Baulig Augustin , Borrett Veronica , Cariño Flerida A. , Curty Christophe , Gonzalez David , Kovarik Zrinka , Martínez-Álvarez Roberto , Mikulak Robert , Fusaro Mourão Nicia Maria , Ramasami Ponnadurai , Neffe Slawomir , Raza Syed K. , Rubaylo Valentin , Takeuchi Koji , Tang Cheng , Trifirò Ferruccio , van Straten Francois Mauritz , Vanninen Paula S. , Zaitsev Volodymyr , Waqar Farhat , Zina Mongia Saïd , Holen Stian , Weinstein Hope A.
Published: September 2018

The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) is an international disarmament treaty that prohibits the development, stockpiling and use of chemical weapons. This treaty has 193 States Parties (nations for which the treaty is binding) and entered into force in 1997. The CWC contains schedules of chemicals that have been associated with chemical warfare programmes. These scheduled chemicals must be declared by the States that possess them and are subject to verification by the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW, the implementing body of the CWC). Isotopically labelled and stereoisomeric variants of the scheduled chemicals have presented ambiguities for interpretation of the requirements of treaty implementation, and advice was sought from the OPCW’s Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) in 2016. The SAB recommended that isotopically labelled compounds or stereoisomers related to the parent compound specified in a schedule should be interpreted as belonging to the same schedule. This advice should benefit scientists and diplomats from the CWC’s State Parties to help ensure a consistent approach to their declarations of scheduled chemicals (which in turn supports both the correctness and completeness of declarations under the CWC). Herein, isotopically labelled and stereoisomeric variants of CWC-scheduled chemicals are reviewed, and the impact of the SAB advice in influencing a change to national licensing in one of the State Parties is discussed. This outcome, an update to national licensing governing compliance to an international treaty, serves as an example of the effectiveness of science diplomacy within an international disarmament treaty.
Complexes between core-modified porphyrins ZnP(X)4 (X = P and S) and small semiconductor nanoparticle Zn6S6: are they possible?
Authors: Kuznetsov Aleksey E.
Published: September 2018

The synthetic approach of the anchoring of porphyrins to the surface of semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs) has been realized to form very promising organic/inorganic nanocomposites. They have been of considerable scientific and a wide practical interest including such areas as material science, biomedical applications, and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Macrocyclic pyrrole-containing compounds, such as phthalocyanines and porphyrins, can bind to the NP surface by a variety of modes: as monodentate ligands oriented perpendicular to the NP surface, parallel to the NP surface, or, alternatively, in a perpendicular orientation bridging two adjacent NPs. Also, non-covalent (coordination) interactions may be realized between the NP via its metal centers and appropriate meso-attached groups of porphyrins. Recently, we showed computationally that the prominent structural feature of the core-modified MP(X)4 porphyrins (X = P) is their significant distortion from planarity. Motivated by the phenomenon of numerous complexes formation between tetrapyrrols and NPs, we performed the density functional theory (DFT) studies of the complex formation between the core-modified ZnP(X)4 species (X = P and S) without any substituents or linkers and semiconductor NPs, exemplified by small NP Zn6S6. The complexes formation was investigated using the following theoretical approaches: (i) B3LYP/6-31G* and (ii) CAM-B3LYP/6-31G*, both in the gas phase and with implicit effects from C6H6 considered. The calculated binding energies of the complexes studied were found to be significant, varying from ca. 29 up to ca. 69 kcal/mol, depending on the complex and the approach employed.
Battery concepts: The past, the present, and research highlights
Authors: Nentwich Melanie , Störr Bianca , Hanzig Juliane
Published: September 2018

The concept of a battery is not a modern invention, as first proofs go back to 200 bc. The development of electrochemical cells similar to those that we use today started at the end of the eighteenth century with the experiments of Luigi Galvani. The following paragraphs will give an overview of the progress in electrochemistry from the very early reports to the state of the art. Additionally, some future perspectives from the recent years will be highlighted.
Distanz-Strukturen – Eine psycholinguistische Annäherung an Klammerkonstruktionen im Deutschen
Authors: Lee Miyoung
Published: September 2018

In this paper, I provide an alternative psycholinguistic interpretation of so-called brace constructions in German. Brace constructions (e. g. “Thomas muss morgen eine Klausur schreiben.” or “… wenn Thomas morgen eine Klausur schreibt.”) can be regarded as the typical structural features of German. The analysis proposed in this article is based on linguistic phenomena which can be observed in language production of both L2 learners and native speakers.

The aim of my analysis is to develop a preliminary model that reflects aspects of human language processing. The model is based on the concept of tension that arises during the language production process in case of the analytical realization of certain lexical concepts (in the case of so-called separable verbs) or grammatical concepts (including tense, passive, modality, subject). The elements involved in an analytical realization are conceptually (lexically or grammatically) combined but they have to be separated from one another in serialization and placed in a distance structure. From this interpretation, the typical structural features of German are, above all, distance structures, which consist of the finite auxiliary or modal verb and the full verb in main clauses, and in subordinate clauses of the subject and the finite verb due to subject-verb agreement. The proposed Model provides explanations also for other interlanguage phenomena associated with structural aspects in other languages. On the basis of this concept of tension, other learning difficulties can also be predicted, which can arise in the learning of certain corresponding structures in certain languages.
The Schrödinger Equation and Negative Energies
Authors: Bruce S.A.
Published: September 2018

It is known that there is no room for anti-particles within the Schrödinger regime in quantum mechanics. In this article, we derive a (non-relativistic) Schrödinger-like wave equation for a spin-

1
/
2

$1/2$

free particle in 3 + 1 space-time dimensions, which includes both positive- and negative-energy eigenstates. We show that, under minimal interactions, this equation is invariant under

𝒫
𝒯

$\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$

and 𝒞 discrete symmetries. An immediate consequence of this is that the particle exhibits Zitterbewegung (‘trembling motion’), which arises from the interference of positive- and negative-energy wave function components.
Structural and magnetic investigations of the pseudo-ternary RE
2
TAl3 series (RE=Sc, Y, La–Nd, Sm, Gd–Lu; T=Ru, Rh, Ir) – size dependent formation of two different structure types
Authors: Eustermann Fabian , Stegemann Frank , Gausebeck Simon , Janka Oliver
Published: September 2018

Several rare earth metal containing pseudo-ternary compounds in the RE
2
TAl3 series (RE=Sc, Y, La–Nd, Sm, Gd–Lu; T=Ru, Rh, Ir) have been synthesized from the elements by arc-melting or in tantalum capsules. Within the Rh series, the compounds with RE=La–Nd crystallize in the cubic MgCu2-type (Fd3̅m) structure. For Sm besides the cubic Laves phase also the hexagonal Laves phase (MgZn2 type, P63/mmc) is found. For the remaining compounds of both series, also the hexagonal MgZn2-type structure is observed. The structures of Ho2Ru0.96(1)Al3.04(1) (a=547.4(1), c=875.7(1) pm, wR=0.0397, 201 F
2 values, 13 variables), Sc2Rh1.01(1)Al2.99(1) (a=528.0(1), c=852.8(1) pm, wR=0.0228, 184 F
2 values, 13 variables), Ho2Rh1.00(1)Al3.00(1) (a=546.5(1), c=873.8(1) pm, wR=0.0590, 222 F
2 values, 13 variables) and Tb2Ir1.06(1)Al2.94(1) (a=550.8(1), c=870.0(1) pm, wR=0.0743, 221 F
2 values, 13 variables) have been refined from single-crystal data, indicating T/Al mixing on both crystallographic Zn sites of the aristotype. The Sc, Y, La and Lu containing compounds exhibit Pauli-paramagnetic behavior, while the other compounds show paramagnetism, in line with the rare earth atoms in the trivalent oxidation state. Ferro- and antiferromagnetic ordering up to T
C=50.2(1) K for Gd2RhAl3 is observed, while Sm2RuAl3 shows van Vleck paramagnetism and Yb2RuAl3, finally, exhibits only partially trivalent Yb atoms, evident from a reduced magnetic moment and increased lattice parameters.
Business History in Europe: The Vitality of the Discipline
Authors: Schröter Harm G.
Published: September 2018

This contribution is NOT about the substantial achievements or the possible omissions of business historians in Europe in the last decades, but rather about the conditions of their work, its appreciation by persons outside the discipline, and its importance in a (mainly) scholarly context: in short, how important is business history to us business historians as well as to others? It is based on information provided by more than 80 colleagues from 19 European countries. Differences and similarities in the structure of the discipline and its demand and desirability are mentioned. The argument is that, though business history is not immediately threatened, it has not been able to keep pace with the general expansion of institutional teaching and research. There are no simple remedies for this relative institutional stagnation, but it is hoped that the initiatives proposed will stimulate discussion and that they might even lead to a revitalization of working-conditions of the discipline.
Neogenin in Amygdala for Neuronal Activity and Information Processing
Authors: Sun Xiang-Dong , Chen Wen-Bing , Sun Dong , Huang Jie , Li Yuan-Quan , Pan Jin-Xiu , Wang Ya-Nan , Zhao Kai , Dong Zhao-Qi , Wang Hong-Sheng , Xiong Lei , Xuan Aiguo , Zhao Shen-Ting , Pillai Anilkumar , Xiong Wen-Cheng , Mei Lin
Published: September 2018

Fear learning and memory are vital for livings to survive, dysfunctions in which have been implicated in various neuropsychiatric disorders. Appropriate neuronal activation in amygdala is critical for fear memory. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are not well understood. Here we report that Neogenin, a DCC (deleted in colorectal cancer) family receptor, which plays important roles in axon navigation and adult neurogenesis, is enriched in excitatory neurons in BLA (Basolateral amygdala). Fear memory is impaired in maleNeogeninmutant mice. The number of cFos+neurons in response to tone-cued fear training was reduced in mutant mice, indicating aberrant neuronal activation in the absence of Neogenin. Electrophysiological studies show thatNeogeninmutation reduced the cortical afferent input to BLA pyramidal neurons and compromised both induction and maintenance of Long-Term Potentiation evoked by stimulating cortical afferent, suggesting a role of Neogenin in synaptic plasticity. Concomitantly, there was a reduction in spine density and in frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs), but not miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents, suggesting a role of Neogenin in forming excitatory synapses. Finally, ablatingNeogeninin the BLA in adult male mice impaired fear memory likely by reducing mEPSC frequency in BLA excitatory neurons. These results reveal an unrecognized function of Neogenin in amygdala for information processing by promoting and maintaining neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity and provide insight into molecular mechanisms of neuronal activation in amygdala.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAppropriate neuronal activation in amygdala is critical for information processing. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are not well understood. Neogenin is known to regulate axon navigation and adult neurogenesis. Here we show that it is critical for neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity in the amygdala and thus fear memory by using a combination of genetic, electrophysiological, behavioral techniques. Our studies identify a novel function of Neogenin and provide insight into molecular mechanisms of neuronal activation in amygdala for fear processing.
Penicillium Antibiotic Effect
Authors: Lewis Jesse A. , Anderson Nadja
Published: September 2018

In this lesson students will use the Penicillium chrysogenum fungus, which naturally produces the antibiotic penicillin, to investigate the effect of naturally produced antibiotics on bacteria in laboratory cultures. Students co-culture P. chrysogenum with three species of bacteria to observe differences between penicillin-resistant and penicillin-sensitive bacteria. They will normalize fungal spore suspension and bacterial culture concentrations before inoculating co-cultures. After bacteria have been exposed to the antibiotic, students will quantify culture density to determine antibiotic effect in liquid culture and on solid media. Students will learn about natural product antibiotics as well as experimental design and application.
Migration Mismatch: Bird Migration and Phenological Mismatching
Authors: Argo Emily E.
Published: September 2018

Changing climate conditions pose challenges for many migratory birds, and their responses to these challenges can depend on their biology. To illustrate these impacts, I developed a board game to help elementary school students understand these challenges. The use of the game provides an opportunity to further discuss changes in phenology, the timing of life cycle events, in response to a changing climate.
Centro de Acopio Institucional UNA Campus Sostenible y su contribución en la conservación y protección ambiental desde una perspectiva de género.
Authors: Rojas Vargas Julian Alberto , Fernández Hidalgo Kateryn
Published: September 2018

El artículo describe la contribución desde una perspectiva de género que realiza el Centro de Acopio Institucional, UNA Campus Sostenible de la Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica, para la conservación y protección del ambiente. También se detallan las buenas prácticas en gestión ambiental que ahí se desarrollan, y las herramientas empleadas con la comunidad es­tudiantil, el personal docente y administrativo. El Centro contribuye al des­empeño y la protección ambiental. Además, impulsa el fortalecimiento de esta cultura en la comunidad universitaria. A través de los dife­rentes proyectos, los estudiantes participantes logran colaborar y generar cambios ecológicos, mediante la recolección y clasificación de residuos, las charlas y los foros acerca de este tema. Se hace énfasis en las políticas de ambiente y de género que posee la UNA, sus alcances y planes de acción, así como la importante parti­cipación equitativa entre las poblaciones universitarias, en todos los espacios.
The teaching of English and Portuguese as additional languages
Authors: Perna Cristina Becker Lopes , Antunes Aline Jéssica
Published: September 2018

...
English teachers’ identities concerning their knowledge of slang
Authors: Senefonte Fábio Henrique Rosa
Published: September 2018

Underpinned by a postmodern perspective of (teacher) identity, which characterizes it as unstable, multifaceted, unfinished, complex, dynamic, fluid, constructed in relation with others (Bauman, 2005; Bohn, 2005; Hall, 2006; Beijaard et al., 2011 among others), this qualitative research aims at exploring English language teachers’ identities concerning their knowledge of slang. For this purpose, a semi-structured, audio-recorded interview was conducted with three English teachers, from the three main language institutes in Cornelio Procópio, state of Paraná. Results reveal that on the one hand, teachers consider themselves to be fluent in English and confident of their language and teaching skills; on the other, they consider their knowledge of slang to be somewhat limited. Additionally, geographical boundaries are perceived as a hindrance to address such topic in class.
Identidades sociais de gênero em livros didáticos de língua inglesa sob um viés do Inglês como Língua Franca
Authors: Martins de Araujo Jessica , De Jesus Ferreira Aparecida
Published: September 2018

Due to the importance of textbooks in teaching, this study analyzes English as a Língua Franca (Jenkins, 2006; Kalva and Ferreira, 2011; Gimenez, 2016) in relation to issues of gender identity (Auad, 2003; Louro, 2008) and racial identity (hooks, 1995; Gomes, 2005). The article analyses how white women and black women are represented in a selected collection of textbooks and how white women and black women are framed in the global context of English as a Língua Franca. Themethodology used is qualitative research (Godoy, 1995) based on documental analysis of textbooks (André, Ludke, 1986), using critical discourse analysis (Fairclough, 2001). We conclude that, in most cases, the images of women represented in these textbooks is that of white women who occupy more privileged social positions and who are native English speakers.
Efeitos retroativos do exame Celpe-Bras nas práticas de formação dos professores de um instituto brasileiro no exterior
Authors: Vargas da Costa Everton
Published: September 2018

This paper aims to describe and analyze the washback effect of Celpe-Bras exam in the Portuguese as additional language teachers’ education practices in a Brazilian institute abroad. Part of the framework adopted understands that the pedagogical work of teachers is organized around dialogue and collaboration through which participants learn how to teach while interacting with their peers (Pérez Gómez, 1995; Nóvoa, 1995; FCC, 2011). At the institute, the washback effect of the Celpe-Bras exam contributes to those interactions by resizing the Portuguese language teaching and learning practices. Participant observation and the ethnographic analysis of the data enables the discussion about the local dimension of washback effects of Celpe-Bras, involving micro and macro social aspects such as acquisition of specific terminology and understanding of thepolitical project underlying the exam. Moreover, by participating and engaging in pedagogical meetings, teachers improve their abilities dealing with Celpe-Bras’ construct and pave pedagogical trajectories as more experienced professionals at the institute.
Knowledge and Attitude towards Evidence Based Practice among the Physiotherapists
Authors: Seelro Dr. Uroosa , Saad Khan Dr. Muhammad , Tanveer Dr. Erum , Khan Dr. Mehwish , Kumar Dr. Vinod , Ahmed Mr. Noman
Published: September 2018

Objective: Currently there is no latest scientific literature was found to identify barriers faces by Pakistani physiotherapists while implement evidence based practice in their clinics. Following this, research regarding EBP gained attention to determine its uptake into the physiotherapy profession. As for Pakistan, little research has been carried out, much less among therapists. The purpose of this study was to identify knowledge and attitude towards the implementation of EBP among Physical therapist of Pakistan.

Method: A survey was conducted among the physiotherapist of Pakistan which practicing in different hospitals. Non probability convenience technique was used, 120 postgraduate physical therapist were included. Self-administered questionnaire were used.

Results: Respondents agreed that evidence based practice is necessary to daily practice and it helps in decision making as well as to improve patient care. 85% of the respondents either agreed or strongly agreed that they had received formal training of EBP. 90% participant’s showed able to conduct a search to answer to clinical question confidently. However 62% respondents reported that strong evidence is lacking to support their intervention. 45% respondents reported reading <1 article per month, with 41% stating they read 2-5 article in month.

Conclusion: Physiotherapist of Pakistan had a positive attitude towards EBP and inclined towards implementing evidence into their clinical practice. They are interested in attending courses to improve their knowledge and skills in EBP.
WATER GOVERNANCE IN RAPIDLY URBANISING SMALL TOWN: A CASE OF DHULIKHEL IN NEPAL
Authors: Devkota Kamal , Raj Neupane Kaustuv
Published: September 2018

Small towns in the mid-hills of Nepal rely on springs, streams and rivers in surrounding catchments for drinking water. The rapidly growing population in these towns has put increasing stresses on limited water resources. The inverse relationship between supply and demand of water has created challenges to the water security in these towns. In the absence of elected local government, decision making processes, including the management and governance of water at local level were directly affected. There were some unanswered questions – who are the leaders? who sets agendas? How do they formulate and implement strategies and make decisions? This paper aims to analyse the context of water governance in rapidly urbanising small town in Nepal, focusing on actors and institutions. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews, focused group discussions and key informant surveys from Dhulikhel municipality and its upstream communities. This paper argues that the local level water governance practices in rapidly urbanising small towns in Nepal are still evolving. During the political transition and vacuumed local jurisdictions, the real decisions to manage and govern water were made in an informal way. The formal course of making decisions by authorised actors and institutions has been curtailed significantly.
Tillich’s Indebtedness to Kant: Two Recently Translated Review Essays on Rudolf Otto’s Idea of the Holy
Authors: Firestone Chris
Published: September 2018

The article will show, through two of Tillich’s lesser-known writings—the newspaper review articles on the person and work of Rudolf Otto—that Otto greatly influenced Tillich at a formative stage in his intellectual development and that several key elements of Tillich’s mature thought are found in Tillich’s analysis of Otto. It will also show, in reference to the interpretations of Caird and Palmquist, that Otto’s philosophy of religion can be fruitfully understood as a direct extension of Kant’s critical philosophy. Furthermore, o author show how the superstructure of Tillich’s theology bears a striking resemblance to Kant’s philosophy in the sense of Caird, Otto, and Palmquist. Insofar as this analysis is accurate, Tillich’s systematic theology is as much grounded on the philosophy of Kant as it is on the philosophy of Schelling.
Politics and Faith (2)
Authors: Pauck Marion
Published: September 2018

Review of Ronald Stone
A teologia do cotidiano à luz da esperança - Traços cristãos românticos em Rubem Alves
Authors: Mendes Danilo , Py Fabio
Published: September 2018

Este artigo analisa as quatro primeiras crônicas do capítulo "eternidade" em Teologia do cotidiano (1994) à luz da tese de doutorado de Rubem Alves, Towards a theology of liberation (1968), depois publicada como Da esperança (1987). O trabalho, então, busca indicar como as ideias dos primeiros escritos dele se fazem presentes em sua fase literária, preocupando-se em entender se estas primeiras teses foram desenvolvidas ou suprimidas de alguma forma, e como elas podem indicar o autor como um cristão romântico.