bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blunt chest trauma-induced myocardial infarction: a case of sudden death by homicide
Authors: Akbar Mohammed , Raju Vempalli Seshagiri , Setia Puneet , Chaturvedi Kriti , Rao Meenakshi
Published: January 2024

Background

Blunt cardiac injuries, which are typically the result of blunt chest trauma, are not particularly significant clinically. It is vital never to underestimate blunt chest injuries, especially when they occur in the anterior thoracic area. Blunt trauma to the chest is one of the rarest causative factors of myocardial infarction (MI). Blunt cardiac injury encompasses different medical emergency conditions such as gradual damage to the myocardium leading to myocardial ischemia, injuries to the great vessels of the heart, pericardial tamponade, septum or wall ruptures, pump failure, conduction abnormalities, and atrial and ventricular fibrillations. The most common cause of blunt chest trauma is a road traffic accident (RTA), followed by a sports injury. Mostly blunt trauma chest injuries occur below the age group of 45 years.

Case presentation

A 45-year-old male with a history of physical assault was brought to the emergency department by his neighbor. He was allegedly kicked by his relative over the chest during an altercation sustained blunt-force trauma to the chest and collapsed immediately. On admission, he was given cardiopulmonary resuscitation and declared dead. On autopsy, there were no signs suggestive of external injury or any shoeprints/footprints on the chest. On histopathological examination, a diffuse area of discoloration consistent with an extensive myocardial infarction was noted. Old healed infarcts were seen in the free wall of the left ventricle, left posterior papillary muscle, and left apex. The coronaries showed atheromatous plaque with lumen narrowing and focal calcification.

Conclusions

It is the task of the forensic pathologist to ascertain and record evidence as to whether the myocardial infarction was caused by the alleged blunt trauma to the chest during the autopsy. This is important as it will determine the type of prosecution the accused is likely to be charged with and the extent of the punishment that he will likely receive under the Indian Penal Code.
Drug resistance predictive utility of age of onset and cortical imaging abnormalities in epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alare Kehinde , Ogungbemi Bridget , Fagbenro Ayomide , Adetunji Busayo , Owonikoko Oladoja , Omoniyo Taiwo , Jagunmolu Habiblah , Kayode Ayomide , Afolabi Samson
Published: January 2024

Background

Drug resistance has been a global burden in the management of epilepsy. It is desirable if this could be predicted earlier in the course of management to give time for alternative and a more definitive mode of management, such as epilepsy surgeries.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between elevated age at the onset of the first seizure or cortical imaging abnormalities and the development of drug resistance in epilepsy. We performed a systematic search in PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS databases for studies investigating the predictive utility of age of onset or cortical imaging abnormalities on drug resistance.

Results

Odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and analyzed by the RevMan 5.4 software. Meta-analysis was done across 12 studies involving 5315 patients. Age of onset of seizures younger than 5 years was found to be associated with the development of drug resistance (OR: 0.685, 95% CI 0.410–0.960), also cortical imaging abnormalities were found to be associated with the development of drug resistance.

Conclusion

Children with early onset seizures could better from neurosurgical management than pharmacological management as the early age of onset was associated with drug resistance and cortical abnormalities on neuroimaging could be an indication for neurosurgical management of epilepsies.
Shunt dysfunction patterns after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation using a combination of a generic stent-graft and bare-stents
Authors: Gravel Guillaume , Artru Florent , Gonzalez-Quevedo Miriam , Tsoumakidou Georgia , Villard Nicolas , Duran Rafael , Denys Alban
Published: January 2024

Purpose

Even though transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) using Fluency Stent-grafts provides good shunt patency rates, shunt dysfunction is a great concern after TIPS creation, occurring in up to 20% of cases within one year. The objective of this study was to describe shunt dysfunction patterns after TIPS creation using a combination of generic stent-grafts/bare-stents.

Materials and methods

Single-center retrospective study of all TIPS revisions between January 2005 and December 2020. TIPS revision angiograms were analyzed for stents’ positions, stenoses’ diameters, and stenoses’ locations.

Results

Out of 99 TIPS, a total of 33 TIPS revisions were included. The median time to TIPS revision was 10.4 months. Angiograms showed four patterns of TIPS dysfunction-associated features (DAF), defined as follows: Type 1 was defined as stenosis located after the stent end in the hepatic vein (HV), type 2 as intra-stent stenosis located in the hepatic vein, type 3 as intra-stent stenosis or a kink in the parenchymal tract or the portal vein end of the TIPS, and type 4 as a complete TIPS occlusion. Types 1, 2, 3, and 4 were seen in 23 (69.7%), 5 (15.2%), 2 (6.1%), and 3 (9.1%) TIPS respectively. TIPS revision was successful in 30 (90.1%) patients with median pre- and post-TIPS revision PSG of 18.5 mmHg and 8 mmHg respectively (p < .001).

Conclusion

Our results illustrate the four angiographic patterns of TIPS DAF after TIPS creation using a combination of generic stent-grafts/bare-stents and emphasize the need for appropriate stent length extending to the HV/inferior vena cava junction.
Evoked compound action potential (ECAP)-controlled closed-loop spinal cord stimulation in an experimental model of neuropathic pain in rats
Authors: Versantvoort Eline M. , Dietz Birte E. , Mugan Dave , Vuong Quoc C. , Luli Saimir , Obara Ilona
Published: January 2024

Background

Preclinical models of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) are lacking objective measurements to inform translationally applicable SCS parameters. The evoked compound action potential (ECAP) represents a measure of dorsal column fiber activation. This measure approximates the onset of SCS-induced sensations in humans and provides effective analgesia when used with ECAP-controlled closed-loop (CL)-SCS systems. Therefore, ECAPs may provide an objective surrogate for SCS dose in preclinical models that may support better understanding of SCS mechanisms and further translations to the clinics. This study assessed, for the first time, the feasibility of recording ECAPs and applying ECAP-controlled CL-SCS in freely behaving rats subjected to an experimental model of neuropathic pain.

Methods

Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats (200–300 g) were subjected to spared nerve injury (SNI). A custom-made six-contact lead was implanted epidurally covering T11-L3, as confirmed by computed tomography or X-ray. A specially designed multi-channel system was used to record ECAPs and to apply ECAP-controlled CL-SCS for 30 min at 50 Hz 200 µs. The responses of dorsal column fibers to SCS were characterized and sensitivity towards mechanical and cold stimuli were assessed to determine analgesic effects from ECAP-controlled CL-SCS. Comparisons between SNI rats and their controls as well as between stimulation parameters were made using omnibus analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests and t-tests.

Results

The recorded ECAPs showed the characteristic triphasic morphology and the ECAP amplitude (mV) increased as higher currents (mA) were applied in both SNI animals and controls (SNI SCS-ON and sham SCS-ON). Importantly, the use of ECAP-based SCS dose, implemented in ECAP-controlled CL-SCS, significantly reduced mechanical and cold hypersensitivity in SNI SCS-ON animals through the constant and controlled activation of dorsal column fibers. An analysis of conduction velocities of the evoked signals confirmed the involvement of large, myelinated fibers.

Conclusions

The use of ECAP-based SCS dose implemented in ECAP-controlled CL-SCS produced analgesia in animals subjected to an experimental model of neuropathic pain. This approach may offer a better method for translating SCS parameters between species that will improve understanding of the mechanisms of SCS action to further advance future clinical applications.
“Anthropometric measurements and exercise interventions in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients”: a literature review
Authors: R. Sedhunivas , R. Chandramohan
Published: January 2024

Background

Obesity accompanied by visceral fat accumulation is an essential disease background of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Obesity is a key factor and is also directly related to alterations in anthropometric measurements. It has been demonstrated that exercise intervention is the mainstay treatment for NAFLD patients. Therefore, this research investigates a literature review on anthropometric measurements and exercise interventions given to patients with NAFLD.

Objectives

To conduct a literature review on the effectiveness of exercise interventions over the anthropometric measurements among non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients.

Methodology

Based on available clinical evidence, a literature review will be performed. We identified 21 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that will be analyzed further.

Results

According to the results of the investigation, there was not much of a difference in the anthropometric changes that were found as a result of the various exercise regimens on NAFLD patients.

Conclusion

Even though there were significant changes in fat parameters such as lipid tests and other outcome measures, there were no immediate significant changes in anthropometric measurements as a consequence of the NAFLD exercise intervention.
Hematological parameters as predictors of OSA severity
Authors: Hendy Rasha Mohamed , Hani Basma M. , Mohammed Salwa H.
Published: January 2024

Background

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common disease that has a prevalence of 6 to 13% of the adult population. It is characterized by recurrent obstruction partial or total upper airway and subsequent paroxysmal nocturnal hypoxia, leading to intermittent arousals from sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness.

This work aimed to evaluate the relationship between the hematological parameters in CBC with differential as a new biomarker showing systemic inflammation and as an indicator of OSAS severity.

Patient and methods

This retrospective cross-sectional analysis included 100 subjects with OSA from those attending Chest departments in Benha University Hospital from 2021 to 2022 and 2022 to 2023 period. All patients were subjected to full history taking and clinical examination, electrocardiogram, chest X-ray posteroanterior view, full night of polysomnography, and complete blood count with differential.

Results

There was a statistically significant difference between mild; moderate and severe OSA patients regarding platelets to lymphocyte ratio. A statistically significant difference between mild and severe OSA regarding neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio was found. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between OSA severity and platelet level, N/L, and P/L ratio.

Conclusion

The hematological indices including neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio could be alternatives to expensive time-consuming biochemical markers to evaluate the inflammation and severity in the OSAS population.
Water–air transfer rates of microplastic particles through bubble bursting as a function of particle size
Authors: Oehlschlägel Lisa Marie , Schmid Sebastian , Lehmann Moritz , Gekle Stephan , Held Andreas
Published: January 2024

Microplastic (MP) particles can be ejected into the air by jet drops when gas bubbles burst at water surfaces. For a qualitative and quantitative understanding of this transport mechanism from the hydrosphere to the atmosphere, we studied the transfer of MP due to bubble bursting at the air–water interface in laboratory experiments. Gas bubbles were produced with filtered air that was pushed through a stainless-steel frit at two different volume flow rates in a glass flask filled with polystyrene (PS) particles of six different diameters (0.35 µm, 0.5 µm, 0.75 µm, 1 µm, 1.5 µm, 2 µm) suspended in deionized water. Airborne PS particle concentrations were measured by an optical particle counter. Additionally, size and volume of the bursting bubbles and the resulting jet droplets were analyzed with a camera. Depending on the volume flow rates, bubble bursting rates from 688 s−1 to 1176 s−1 and mean diameters of the bursting bubbles from 0.76 mm to 0.81 mm were observed. The mean diameters of the top jet drops were estimated to be between 0.10 mm and 0.11 mm. The measured number of jet droplets ranged from 2092 s−1 to 2391 s−1. For particle diameters from 0.35 µm – 2.0 µm, the airborne MP particle concentrations ranged from 4.2 l−1 to 348 l−1. We determined size-dependent transfer factors for the water–air transfer and found a maximum for 1 µm particles. For MP particles up to 1 µm diameter, the particle concentration in the jet droplets was enhanced compared to the bulk water concentration, indicating an enrichment of MP particles at the water–air-interface of bubbles.
Innovative compressive strength prediction for recycled aggregate/concrete using K-nearest neighbors and meta-heuristic optimization approaches
Authors: Duan Min
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a groundbreaking method for predicting the compressive strength (Fc) of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) through the application of K-nearest neighbors (KNN) analysis. The task of designing mixture proportions to achieve the desired Fc can be remarkably intricate, owing to the intricate interplay among the components involved. Machine learning (ML) algorithms have exhibited considerable promise in tackling this complexity effectively. In pursuit of enhanced prediction accuracy, this research introduces a semi-empirical approach that seamlessly integrates strategies, including optimization techniques. This study incorporates two meta-heuristic methods, the Fire Hawk optimizer (FHO) and Runge–Kutta optimization (RUK) to enhance model accuracy. The research results reveal three separate models: KNFH, KNRK, and a single KNN model, each providing valuable insights for precise Fc prediction. Remarkably, the KNFH model stands out as a top performer, boasting an impressive R2 value of 0.994 and a meager RMSE value of 1.122. These findings not only validate the accuracy and reliability of the KNFH model but also highlight its effectiveness in predicting Fc outcomes. This approach holds great promise for precise Fc forecasting in the construction industry. Integrating meta-heuristic algorithms significantly improves model accuracy, leading to more reliable forecasts with profound implications for construction projects and their outcomes. This research marks a significant advancement in predicting Fc using ML, offering valuable tools for engineers and builders.
Potent synergistic efficacy of 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone derived from quinones against drug-resistant bacteria
Authors: Xu Lei , Zhou Yonglin , Ou Deyuan , Yang Huaizhi , Feng Haihua , Song Huangwei , Xie Ning , Niu Xiaodi , Deng Xuming , Sun Meiyang , Zhang Peng , Liu Dejun , Wang Jianfeng
Published: January 2024

The emergence and worldwide dissemination of mobile tigecycline resistance genes tet(X3)/tet(X4) posed an enormous threat to the public health. Urgently, feasible strategies must be implemented to restore the clinical efficacy of tetracyclines and prolong the lifespan of existing drugs to address the emerging global antimicrobial resistance threat. Herein, versatile structural scaffolds of quinones for antibiotic adjuvants discovery enlightened a promising and underappreciated reservoir to circumvent the antibiotic resistance. 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (MNQ) exhibited the potent potentiation (4 to 32-fold) with tetracyclines, along with effective inhibition on biofilm formation. Mechanistic studies revealed that MNQ synergistically operates with tetracyclines by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of Tet(X3)/Tet(X4) proteins through interaction with their active residues. Furthermore, exposure to MNQ significantly dissipate the proton motive force, leading to a cascade of membrane structural damage and metabolic homeostasis imbalance. Encouragingly, the MNQ-tetracyclines combination showcased substantial therapeutic benefits in two in vivo infection models, as evidenced by the reduced bacterial burden and mitigated pathological injury. Our findings propose a potential therapeutic option and a novel tetracyclines' adjuvant against drug-resistant pathogens carrying Tet(X3)/Tet(X4).
Ocean bottom dual-sensorQ-compensated elastic least-squares reverse time migration based on acoustic and separated-viscoelastic coupling equations
Authors: Li Jinli , Qu Yingming , Li Yifan , Huang Chongpeng , Li Zhenchun
Published: January 2024

The ocean bottom dual-sensor (OBD) observation system places water detectors (pressure sensors) and land detectors on the irregular seabed interface to receive acoustic pressure fields and elastic wavefields, respectively. These data are usually applied to effectively remove ghost waves and ringing interference in the seawater layer, rather than being jointly used for migration. We propose an ocean bottom dual-sensor viscoacoustic and separated-viscoelastic coupled Q-compensated least-squares reverse time migration (OBD-VSV- QLSRTM) in curvilinear coordinates. In this method, to solve the Q-compensated elastic inverse problem, we jointly use the recorded acoustic pressure and elastic multicomponent seismic data from the OBD observation system. A new misfit function in the sense of least-squares inversion is constructed based on viscoacoustic and separated viscoelastic wavefields. Acoustic and separated viscoelastic equations are used to describe the acoustic wavefield in the acoustic medium and the Q-compensated P and S wavefields in the underlying viscoelastic medium, respectively. On the acoustic-viscoelastic interface, we implement a stable governing equation to ensure continuous and steady transmission of Q-compensated stresses in the subseabed and pressure in the seawater. To address the irregular seabed problem, we mesh the acoustic-viscoelastic models onto curvilinear grids and apply coordinate transformations to map the models and equations to a new curvilinear coordinate system. We derive viscoacoustic and separated-viscoelastic coupled adjoint and demigration operators in the curvilinear coordinates, enabling linear acoustic-viscoelastic modeling and stable receiver-side back-propagated wavefield continuation. Numerical examples conducted on two typical acoustic-viscoelastic models demonstrate that our proposed OBD-VSV- QLSRTM in curvilinear coordinates can produce highly accurate P- and S-wave images efficiently.
Systemic Treatment of Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer: ASCO Resource–Stratified Guideline
Authors: Al Sukhun Sana , Temin Sarah , Barrios Carlos H. , Antone Nicoleta Zenovia , Guerra Yanin Chavarri , Chavez-MacGregor Mariana , Chopra Rakesh , Danso Michael A. , Gomez Henry Leonidas , Homian N’Da Marcelin , Kandil Alaa , Kithaka Benda , Koczwara Bogda , Moy Beverly , Nakigudde Gertrude , Petracci Fernando Enrique , Rugo Hope S. , El Saghir Nagi S. , Arun Banu K.
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE

To guide clinicians and policymakers in three global resource-constrained settings on treating patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) when Maximal setting–guideline recommended treatment is unavailable.

METHODS

A multidisciplinary, multinational panel reviewed existing ASCO guidelines and conducted modified ADAPTE and formal consensus processes.

RESULTS

Four published resource-agnostic guidelines were adapted for resource-constrained settings; informing two rounds of formal consensus; recommendations received ≥75% agreement.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Clinicians should recommend treatment according to menopausal status, pathological and biomarker features when quality results are available. In first-line, for hormone receptor (HR)–positive MBC, when a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor and CDK 4/6 inhibitor combination is unavailable, use hormonal therapy alone. For life-threatening disease, use single-agent chemotherapy or surgery for local control. For premenopausal patients, use ovarian suppression or ablation plus hormone therapy in Basic settings. For human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive MBC, if trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and chemotherapy are unavailable, use trastuzumab and chemotherapy; if unavailable, use chemotherapy. For HER2-positive, HR-positive MBC, use standard first-line therapy, or endocrine therapy if contraindications. For triple-negative MBC with unknown PD-L1 status, or if PD-L1–positive and immunotherapy unavailable, use single-agent chemotherapy. For germline BRCA1/ 2 mutation–positive MBC, if poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor is unavailable, use hormonal therapy (HR-positive MBC) and chemotherapy (HR-negative MBC). In second-line, for HR-positive MBC, Enhanced setting recommendations depend on prior treatment; for Limited, use tamoxifen or chemotherapy. For HER2-positive MBC, if trastuzumab deruxtecan is unavailable, use trastuzumab emtansine; if unavailable, capecitabine and lapatinib; if unavailable, trastuzumab and/or chemotherapy (hormonal therapy alone for HR-positive MBC). Additional information is available at www.asco.org/resource-stratified-guidelines . It is ASCO's view that healthcare providers and system decision-makers should be guided by the recommendations for the highest stratum of resources available. The guideline is intended to complement but not replace local guidelines.
CPSF3 inhibition blocks pancreatic cancer cell proliferation through disruption of core histone mRNA processing
Authors: Alahmari Abdulrahman A. , Chaubey Aditi H. , Jonnakuti Venkata S. , Tisdale Arwen A. , Schwarz Carla D. , Cornwell Abigail C. , Maraszek Kathryn E. , Paterson Emily J. , Kim Minsuh , Venkat Swati , Gomez Eduardo Cortes , Wang Jianmin , Gurova Katerina V. , Yalamanchili Hari Krishna , Feigin Michael E.
Published: January 2024

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with limited effective treatment options, potentiating the importance of uncovering novel drug targets. Here, we target cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 3 (CPSF3), the 3′ endonuclease that catalyzes mRNA cleavage during polyadenylation and histone mRNA processing. We find thatCPSF3is highly expressed in PDAC and is associated with poor prognosis.CPSF3knockdown blocks PDAC cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Chemical inhibition of CPSF3 by the small molecule JTE-607 also attenuates PDAC cell proliferation and colony formation, while it has no effect on cell proliferation of nontransformed immortalized control pancreatic cells. Mechanistically, JTE-607 induces transcriptional readthrough in replication-dependent histones, reduces core histone expression, destabilizes chromatin structure, and arrests cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle. Therefore, CPSF3 represents a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of PDAC.
The practice and ideology of New Public Management (NPM)
Authors: Χαραλαμπόπουλος Βασίλειος
Published: January 2024

Η διδακτορική διατριβή ερευνά τις πρακτικές και ιδεολογικές επιπτώσεις του μοντέλου της Νέας Δημόσιας Διοίκησης στο Εθνικό Σύστημα Υγείας όπως εφαρμόζεται στην Ελλάδα από την αποκαλούμενη «Τρόικα», μια τριανδρία εκπροσώπων από το Διεθνές Νομισματικό Ταμείο (ΔΝΤ), την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, και την Ευρωπαϊκή Κεντρική Τράπεζα. Βασικός στόχος της μελέτης αυτής είναι να αξιολογήσει εάν οι μεταρρυθμίσεις που απαιτήθηκαν από την Τρόικα παραπέμπουν στο νεοφιλελεύθερο μοντέλο αναδιάρθρωσης του δημόσιου τομέα εν ονόματι «Νέα Δημόσια Διοίκηση» ή εάν αντιπροσωπεύουν ακόμα μια αρχέτυπη ελληνική προσπάθεια αναδόμησης του συγκεκριμένου τομέα. Αξιολογούνται επίσης οι εκβάσεις (οικονομικές, κοινωνικές, πολιτικές) των διαδοχικών μεταρρυθμίσεων στο σύστημα υγείας της Ελλάδας, διασαφηνίζονται οι παράγοντες που συμβάλλουν ή/και που εμποδίζουν την υιοθέτηση των μεταρρυθμίσεων, και προσδιορίζονται νέες ευκαιρίες για ανάπτυξη. Για την επίτευξη των στόχων της έρευνας, δημιουργήθηκε ένα πρότυπο θεωρητικό πλαίσιο βασισμένο σε περιπτώσεις αναδιάρθρωσης ξένων συστημάτων υγείας από τη διεθνή βιβλιογραφία με στόχο να εξεταστεί/τεσταριστεί η ελληνική περίπτωση, συμβάλλοντας έτσι στην κατανόηση της ελληνικής οργανωσιακής πραγματικότητας και στην αξιολόγηση των νέων αλλαγών έτσι όπως έχουν εξελιχθεί και ευημερήσει μέσα στους οργανισμούς υγειονομικής περίθαλψης. Συμπερασματικά, αποδεικνύεται ότι η Ελλάδα είναι μια ιδιόμορφη περίπτωση μελέτης της οποίας το ιστορικό υπόβαθρο και οργανωσιακό πλαίσιο διαφέρουν κατά πολύ από εκείνα των άλλων χωρών επηρεάζοντας μέχρι τώρα αρνητικά τις μεταρρυθμιστικές της προσπάθειες. Επιπλέον, προκύπτει ότι παρά το γεγονός ότι το μοντέλο της Νέας Δημόσιας Διοίκησης (ως πρακτική και ιδεολογία) εφαρμόζεται σε μεγάλο βαθμό υπό την καθοδήγηση της Τρόικα στην Ελλάδα κατά την περίοδο της οικονομικής κρίσης, είναι αρκετά νωρίς για να βγουν ασφαλή συμπεράσματα εξαιτίας του ότι οι διαθρωτικές αλλαγές δεν έχουν ακόμα οριστικοποιηθεί. Ωστόσο γίνεται σαφές ότι η πλειοψηφία των επαγγελματιών και εργαζομένων στο χώρο της υγείας αναγνωρίζει την κατασπατάληση πόρων που γίνονταν μέχρι τώρα στο ΕΣΥ και εκτιμάει μερικές από τις πρακτικές και διαχειριστικά εργαλεία του μοντέλου της Νέας Δημόσιας Διοίκησης που άρχισαν να εφαρμόζονται με σκοπό την ελάττωση δαπανών και τον εξορθολογισμό των πόρων. Ωστόσο διαφωνούν κάθετα με τη νεοφιλελεύθερη ιδεολογία της Νέας Δημόσιας Διοίκησης η οποία προωθεί την εμπορευματοποίηση της δημόσιας υγείας και τις περικοπές μισθών και παροχών κοινωνικής πρόνοιας.
Assessing the potential of Other Effective area-based Conservation Measures (OECMs) for contributing to conservation targets: A global scoping review protocol
Authors: Petza Dimitra , Amorim Eva , Ben Lamine Emma , Colloca Francesco , Dominguez Crisóstomo Esther , Fabbrizzi Erika , Fraschetti Simonetta , Galparsoro Ibon , Giakoumi Sylvaine , Kruse Maren , Stelzenmüller Vanessa , Katsanevakis Stelios
Published: January 2024

This scoping review (ScR) protocol aims to establish the methodological approach for identifying and mapping the evidence regarding the actual contribution of Other Effective area-based Conservation Measures (OECMs) to spatial conservation targets. Emphasis will be placed on examining the research conducted, including the methodologies applied. OECMs, introduced by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 2010, refer to areas outside of protected areas, such as fisheries restricted areas, archaeological sites, and military areas, that effectively conserve biodiversity in-situ over the long term. OECMs are recognized rather than designated. Many countries currently endeavor to identify, recognize and report OECMs to the CBD for formal acceptance to support the implementation of spatial conservation targets. Studies that assess the contribution of OECMs to spatial conservation targets will be considered. Potential OECMs with primary, secondary or ancillary conservation objectives established by all sectors in the terrestrial, freshwater and marine realm worldwide will be considered. Peer-reviewed and grey literature will be considered without imposing limitations based on publication year, stage, subject area and source type. Both experimental and observational studies in English, French, German, Greek, Italian, and Spanish will be reviewed. The ScR will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. The protocol will be guided by the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) extension for scoping reviews. The search will encompass bibliographic databases such as Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Grey literature sources will include databases, pre-print archives and organizational websites. The Covidence platform will be utilized for data management and extraction.
Thermal efficiency dataset around Cuban seas (TEDACS)
Authors: Rodriguez Alejandro , Abreu Melissa , Reyes Dailin , Abreu Melany , Varona Humberto L. , Noriega Carlos , Calzada Amilcar , Araujo Moacyr
Published: January 2024

Currently, the generation of electrical energy in Cuba is supported by oil and natural gas. These sources, as it is known, are directly linked to large emissions of pollutants that are released into the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to search for new energy options that are directed towards sustainable development, allowing the preservation of natural ecosystems. Owing to the location and geographical characteristics of Cuba, it is necessary to assess the energy possibilities of the seas that surround it and to search for the most feasible areas to obtain energy from the sea temperature. This renewable energy source, in addition to being used to generate electricity, can also be used in derived technologies, such as desalination, refrigeration, and aquaculture. Hence, a dataset is presented with the calculation of the thermal efficiency for the exploitation of thermal energy from the sea, which is based on the thermal gradient between the sea potential temperatures between the shore and the level of depth being analyzed. Outputs of 27 years of daily data from the Copernicus Marine Environmental Monitoring Service (CMEMS) GLOBAL_MULTIYEAR_PHY_001_030 product with a spatial resolution of 1/12° were used. The calculation was made using a Python script of the daily thermal efficiency at depths of 763, 902, and 1062 m, as these are the levels that are traditionally studied for the exploitation of sea thermal energy. In this way, 27 files of each level were generated for a total of 81 files in text format separated by commas. Each file is presented with the date, level, coordinates, and thermal efficiency. The dataset is available from the Science Data Bank repository (https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.10037).
The Impact of Obesity on Endometrial Cancer: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Kolano Agata , Pejas Anna , Markowiak Szymon , Wardęszkiewicz Marta , Jabłońska Wiktoria , Kasprzak Amelia , Świercz Maciej , Truchta Monika , Mańkowska Aleksandra
Published: January 2024

Introduction and purpose: Endometrial cancer [EC] is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries and its incidence is increasing worldwide. Obesity is a prominent risk factor associated with its incidence and progression.

The aim of study: The article aims to provide a thorough explanation of the mechanisms through which obesity can contribute to the development of EC. Additionally, it emphasizes the crucial role of combating excess adipose tissue as a significant component of cancer prevention specifically targeting endometrial cancer.

Material and method: ​​The literature review applied standard criteria and focused on PubMed articles using keywords: Endometrial cancer, Obesity, Mortality, Prevention, Pathogenesis

Description of the State of Knowledge: Obesity significantly impacts EC development and prognosis, particularly in Type I cases. It modifies adipose tissue metabolism, affecting the release of various substances linked to tumor growth and mortality risk.The relative risks escalate with increasing BMI.  Following an EC diagnosis, higher BMI, especially ≥40, significantly associates with increased overall mortality risk. On a preventive front,

exercise showcases its potential in reducing EC risk by moderating insulin and estrogen levels.

Summary: These findings underscore the critical role of obesity in both EC development and prognosis, emphasizing the potential for preventive measures. Without proactive measures, the worldwide obesity epidemic will persist, exerting a substantial effect on EC occurrences.
Validación de un cuestionario sobre actitudes del profesorado ante la filosofía con o para niños/as.
Authors:   ,  ,, Miguélez Vila María , Raposo-Rivas Manuela , Sarmiento Campos José Antonio
Published: January 2024

El desarrollo de un pensamiento crítico, reflexivo, ético y solidario es una finalidad educativa vinculada a la sociedad actual, pero ¿está el profesorado preparado para ello? El propósito de esta investigación es diseñar y validar un instrumento que permite analizar las actitudes del profesorado ante la realización de prácticas de filosofía con y para niños en las aulas, con el objetivo de desarrollar el pensamiento crítico y los valores. La muestra invitada estuvo compuesta por 1.312 centros educativos de la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia de los que se obtuvieron 168 respuestas, lo que implica un 6,95 de margen de error y un 95% de nivel de confianza. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron a través del software IBM SPSS Statistic versión 22, primero por medio del Análisis Factorial Exploratorio y rotación Varimax para minimizar el número de variables con altas saturaciones en los factores encontrados y en segundo lugar se calculó la consistencia interna del instrumento mediante el coeficiente de confiabilidad Alfa de Cronbach. Se concluye que la versión del instrumento compuesto por 31 ítems y cuatro dimensiones presenta una buena validez y fiabilidad que demuestran que el modelo es consistente y coherente con los supuestos teóricos de partida.
Quality of life after COVID-19 in Polish patients
Authors: Borek Rozalia , Drop Bartłomiej , Polz-Dacewicz Małgorzata
Published: January 2024

The pandemic is a new, surprising situation that shows the quality of life in a completely different dimension. Studies show that the quality of life of people infected with SARSCov2 has signifi cantly decreased both psychologically and physically. Covid 19 disease caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to be a complex pathogenic disease with high mortality rates, especially in the elderly, but many serious cases and deaths occurred in young people. The aim of the study was to investigate whether COVID 19 disease signifi cantly affects the quality of life of those affected. The method used for online diagnostics was the EQ-5D-3L Quality of Life Questionnaire and a modifi ed BAT questionnaire. Studies have shown that the quality of life of the respondents was at an average level. Pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression were the most frequently indicated domains. A statistically signifi cant strong relationship between the demographic variables age, gender and morbidity and quality of life after the disease was shown. Similarly, the effects of hospital stays and concomitant illnesses affecting quality of life were investigated. The results can feed into medical practice, therapy, education and therapy of mental health, and the applied research model can be considered useful and useful to continue research.

Keywords: COVID-19, quality of life, patients.
Family-centred empowerment using telenursing on pressure injury incidence in post-discharge stroke patients
Authors: Fashaei Fatemah , Deldar Kolsoum , Froutan Razieh , Mazlom Seyed Reza
Published: January 2024

Objective:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a family-centred empowerment intervention on the incidence, stage and status of pressure injury (PI) in patients diagnosed with stroke during the post-discharge period with a telenursing approach.

Method:

This randomised controlled clinical trial (RCT) was conducted with patients admitted to Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad and who were diagnosed with stroke. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two equal-sized groups: intervention and control. Family education and follow-up of the intervention group was performed using WhatsApp messenger for one month. Caregivers of patients in the control group received the routine training programme. The incidence, stage and status of PIs of both groups were measured at the beginning and at one month later using the Braden Scale, the EPUAP/NPUAP Classification System, and the Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH).

Results:

A total of 60 patients took part in the RCT (30 patients allocated to each group). The incidence of PI in the control group was significantly higher than in the intervention group (p<0.001). The results showed significantly lower stages of PI in the intervention group than in the control group (p<0.001 and p<0.05 for univariable and multivariable models, respectively). The results showed a significantly lower PUSH score in the intervention group than in the control group (p<0.001 and p<0.05 for univariable and multivariable models, respectively).

Conclusion:

The findings of this RCT show that the empowerment and training of caregivers of patients diagnosed with stroke after discharge using telenursing can reduce the incidence and severity of PIs and improve their status in these patients.
Lenvatinib combined with sintilimab plus transarterial chemoembolization as first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sun Sha-Sha , Guo Xiao-Di , Li Wen-Dong , Chen Jing-Long
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Recently, combination therapy has shown a better trend towards improved tumour response and survival outcomes than monotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, research on triple therapy [lenvatinib + sintilimab + transarterial chemoembolization (TACE)] as a first-line treatment for advanced HCC is limited.

AIM

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of triple therapy as a first-line treatment for advanced HCC.

METHODS

HCC patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C treated with triple therapy were enrolled. All patients were treated with lenvatinib every day and sintilimab once every 3 wk. Moreover, TACE was performed every 4-6 wk if necessary. The primary outcome of the study was overall survival (OS). The secondary outcomes were the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and incidence of adverse events.

RESULTS

Forty HCC patients who underwent triple therapy were retrospectively analysed from January 2019 to January 2022. With a median follow-up of 8.5 months, the 3-, 6-, and 12-mo OS rates were 100%, 88.5%, and 22.5%, respectively. The ORR and DCR were 45% and 90%, respectively. The median progressive free survival and median OS were not reached. Common complications were observed in 76% of the patients (grade 3, 15%; grade 4, 2.5%).

CONCLUSION

Combination therapy comprising lenvatinib, sintilimab and TACE achieved promising outcomes in advanced HCC patients and had manageable effects.
Timing theory integrated nursing combined behavior change integrated theory of nursing on primiparous influence
Authors: He Yan-Xia , Lv Yang , Lan Ting-Ting , Deng Fang , Zhang Yuan-Yuan
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

The comprehension and utilization of timing theory and behavior change can offer a more extensive and individualized provision of support and treatment alternatives for primipara. This has the potential to enhance the psychological well-being and overall quality of life for primipara, while also furnishing healthcare providers with efficacious interventions to tackle the psychological and physiological obstacles encountered during the stages of pregnancy and postpartum.

AIM

To explore the effect of timing theory combined with behavior change on self-efficacy, negative emotions and quality of life in patients with primipara.

METHODS

A total of 80 primipara cases were selected and admitted to our hospital between August 2020 and May 2022. These cases were divided into two groups, namely the observation group and the control group, with 40 cases in each group. The nursing interventions differed between the two groups, with the control group receiving routine nursing and the observation group receiving integrated nursing based on the timing theory and behavior change. The study aimed to compare the pre- and post-nursing scores of Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS), Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), breast milk knowledge, self-efficacy, and SF-36 quality of life in both groups.

RESULTS

After nursing, the CPSS, EPDS, and SAS scores of the two groups was significantly lower than that before nursing, and the CPSS, EPDS, and SAS scores of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P = 0.002, P = 0.011, and P = 0.001 respectively). After nursing, the breastfeeding knowledge mastery, self-efficacy, and SF-36 quality of life scores was significantly higher than that before nursing, and the breastfeeding knowledge mastery (P = 0.013), self-efficacy (P = 0.008), and SF-36 quality of life (P = 0.011) scores of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group.

CONCLUSION

The integration of timing theory and behavior change integrated theory has been found to be an effective approach in alleviating negative mood and stress experienced by primipara individuals, while also enhancing their self-efficacy and overall quality of life. This study focuses on the key concepts of timing theory, behavior change, primipara individuals, negative mood, and quality of life.
Impact of continuous care on cardiac function in patients with lung cancer complicated by coronary heart disease
Authors: Gao Ting , Luo Jin-Lan , Guo Pan , Hu Xi-Wen , Wei Xiao-Yan , Hu Yan
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Despite sharing similar pathogenic factors, cancer and coronary heart disease (CHD) occur in comparable populations at similar ages and possess similar susceptibility factors. Consequently, it is increasingly commonplace for patients to experience the simultaneous occurrence of cancer and CHD, a trend that is steadily rising.

AIM

To determine the impacts of continuing care on lung cancer patients with CHD following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

METHODS

There were 94 lung cancer patients with CHD following PCI who were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 38) and the control group (n = 41). In the intervention group, continuing care was provided, while in the control group, routine care was provided. An evaluation of cardiac and pulmonary function, medication compliance, a 6-min walk test, and patient quality of life was performed.

RESULTS

Differences between the two groups were significant in left ventricular ejection fraction, 6-min walk test, oxygen uptake, quality of life and medication compliance (P < 0.05). In comparison with the control group, the enhancement in the intervention group was more significant. The intervention group had more patients with high medication compliance than the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

After undergoing PCI, lung patients with CHD could benefit from continued care in terms of cardiac and pulmonary function, medications compliance, and quality of life.
Use of cognitive-behavioral career coaching to reduce work anxiety and depression in public employees
Authors: Otu Mkpoikanke Sunday , Sefotho Maximus Monaheng
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Public employees worldwide are increasingly concerned about work anxiety and depression. Cognitive-behavioral career coaching has emerged as a promising strategy for addressing these mental health disorders, which can negatively impact on a person's overall well-being and performance.

AIM

To examine whether cognitive-behavioral career coaching reduces work anxiety and depression among Nigerian public employees.

METHODS

A total of 120 public employees (n = 60) suffering from severe anxiety and depression were randomly assigned to the treatment or control groups in this study. Cognitive behavioral coaching was provided twice a week to those in the treatment group, whereas no treatment was given to those in the control group. As part of the study, the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scales and Beck Depression Inventory were used to collect data.

RESULTS

Analysis of covariance of the data from participants indicates a significant effect of cognitive-behavioral career coaching on work anxiety and depression.

CONCLUSION

Insights into the underlying mechanisms by which cognitive behavior career coaching exerts its effects have been gained from this study. Also, the study has gathered valuable data that can inform future practice and guide the development of strategies for supporting mental health at work.
Severe aconite poisoning successfully treated with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A case report
Authors: Kohara Saeko , Kamijo Yoshito , Kyan Ryoko , Okada Ichiro , Hasegawa Eiju , Yamada Soichiro , Imai Koichi , Kaizaki-Mitsumoto Asuka , Numazawa Satoshi
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Most species of aconite contain highly toxic aconitines, the oral ingestion of which can be fatal, primarily because they cause ventricular arrhythmias. We describe a case of severe aconite poisoning that was successfully treated through veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) and in which detailed toxicological analyses of the aconite roots and biological samples were performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

CASE SUMMARY

A 23-year-old male presented to the emergency room with circulatory collapse and ventricular arrhythmia after ingesting approximately half of a root labeled, “Aconitum japonicum Thunb”. Two hours after arrival, VA-ECMO was initiated as circulatory collapse became refractory to antiarrhythmics and vasopressors. Nine hours after arrival, an electrocardiogram revealed a return to sinus rhythm. The patient was weaned off VA-ECMO and the ventilator on hospital days 3 and 5, respectively. On hospital day 15, he was transferred to a psychiatric hospital. The other half of the root and his biological samples were toxicologically analyzed using LC-MS/MS, revealing 244.3 mg/kg of aconitine and 24.7 mg/kg of mesaconitine in the root. Serum on admission contained 1.50 ng/mL of aconitine. Beyond hospital day 2, neither were detected. Urine on admission showed 149.09 ng/mL of aconitine and 3.59 ng/mL of mesaconitine, but these rapidly decreased after hospital day 3.

CONCLUSION

The key to saving the life of a patient with severe aconite poisoning is to introduce VA-ECMO as soon as possible.
Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic fissureless right upper lobe anterior segmentectomy for inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: A case report
Authors: Ahn Seha , Moon Youngkyu
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are exceptionally rare neoplasms with intermediate malignant potential. Surgery is the accepted treatment option, aiming for complete resection with clear margins.

CASE SUMMARY

A 39-year-old woman presented with a growing solitary pulmonary nodule measuring 2.0 cm in the right upper lobe (RUL) of the lung. The patient under-went a RUL anterior segmentectomy using uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopy. A preliminary tissue diagnosis indicated malignancy; however, it was later revised to an IMTs. Due to the absence of a minor fissure between the right upper and middle lobes, an alternative resection approach was necessary. Therefore, we utilized indocyanine green injection to aid in delineating the intersegmental plane. Following an uneventful recovery, the patient was discharged on the third postoperative day. Thereafter, annual chest tomography scans were scheduled to monitor for potential local recurrence.

CONCLUSION

This case underscores the challenges in diagnosing and managing IMTs, showing the importance of accurate pathologic assessments and tailored surgical strategies.