bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strands vs. crosslinks: topology-dependent degradation and regelation of polyacrylate networks synthesised by RAFT polymerisation
Authors: Dawson Frances , Kazmi Touseef , Roth Peter J. , Kopeć Maciej
Published: November 2023

The influence of the cleavable bond location on degradation and reformation of poly(n-butyl acrylate) networks synthesised by RAFT polymerisation was investigated and revealed that cleavable backbones lead to more efficient network reversibility.
CHEX-MATE: Characterization of the intra-cluster medium temperature distribution
Authors: Lovisari L. , Ettori S. , Rasia E. , Gaspari M. , Bourdin H. , Campitiello M. G. , Rossetti M. , Bartalucci I. , De Grandi S. , De Luca F. , De Petris M. , Eckert D. , Forman W. , Gastaldello F. , Ghizzardi S. , Jones C. , Kay S. , Kim J. , Maughan B. J. , Mazzotta P. , Pointecouteau E. , Pratt G. W. , Sayers J. , Sereno M. , Simonte M. , Tozzi P.
Published: November 2023

Context. Galaxy clusters grow through the accretion of mass over cosmic time. Their observed properties are then shaped by how baryons distribute and energy is diffused. Thus, a better understanding of spatially resolved, projected thermodynamic properties of the intra-cluster medium (ICM) may provide a more consistent picture of how mass and energy act locally in shaping the X-ray observed quantities of these massive virialized or still collapsing structures.

Aims. We study the perturbations in the temperature (and density) distribution to evaluate and characterize the level of inhomogeneities and the related dynamical state of the ICM.

Methods. We obtain and analyze the temperature and density distribution for 28 clusters (2.4 × 1014 M⊙ < M500 < 1.2 × 1015 M⊙; 0.07 < z < 0.45) selected from the CHEX-MATE sample. We use these spatially resolved two-dimensional distributions to measure the global and radial scatter and identify the regions that deviate the most from the average distribution. During this process, we introduce three dynamical state estimators and produce “clean” temperature profiles after removing the most deviant regions.

Results. We find that the temperature distribution of most of the clusters is skewed towards high temperatures and is well described by a log-normal function. There is no indication that the number of regions deviating more than 1σ from the azimuthal value is correlated with the dynamical state inferred from morphological estimators. The removal of these regions leads to local temperature variations up to 10–20% and an average increase of ∼5% in the overall cluster temperatures. The measured relative intrinsic scatter within R500, σT, int/T, has values of 0.17−0.05+0.08, and is almost independent of the cluster mass and dynamical state. Comparing the scatter of temperature and density profiles to hydrodynamic simulations, we constrain the average Mach number regime of the sample to Ṁ3D = 0.36−0.09+0.16. We infer the ratio between the energy in turbulence and the thermal energy, and translate this ratio in terms of a predicted hydrostatic mass bias b, estimating an average value of b ∼ 0.11 (covering a range between 0 and 0.37) within R500.

Conclusions. This study provides detailed temperature fluctuation measurements for 28 CHEX-MATE clusters which can be used to study turbulence, derive the mass bias, and make predictions on the scaling relation properties.
State and Violence: The Role of Population Control, Family Planning, Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Departments (DPPKBP3A) In Handling Acts of Sexual Violence Against Children in Karimun District
Authors: Tukan Ester Dwiyana , Winarti Novi , Adiputra Yudhanto Satyagraha
Published: November 2023

The state is an actor responsible for protecting all its citizens, in accordance with the mandate of the Constitution. However, cases of sexual violence against children in Karimun District continue to increase from 2020-2022, the victims are children who are still in elementary school and the perpetrator is a person who is very close to the victim. This research aims to find out the role of the state through Population Control, Family Planning, Women Empowerment and Child Protection Departments (DPPKBP3A) in handling sexual violence against children in Karimun District. The type of research used is qualitative descriptive research through interviews, observation and documentation. The research results show that the hope of the victim’s family is to free the victim from the trauma they have experienced, and this hope is in line with what is intended by the state.. The victim’s family gave a positive view of what DPPKBP3A was doing in dealing with acts of sexual violence against children. DPPKBP3A is not optimal in carrying out its role due to several factors, namely lack of human resources, natural factors and also victims who have difficulty providing information.
Portrait Archipelago Government In Implementing E-Government (Implementation System Government based Electronics in Provincial Government - Riau Islands, Indonesia)
Authors: Anggria Pratama Ryan , Sri Kartini Dede , Alamsah Deliarnoor Nandang , Mulyawan Rahman
Published: November 2023

Revolution technology information and communication (ICT) provides an opportunity for the government To do innovation development state apparatus through the application System Government based Electronics (SPBE) or E-Government, that is, maintenance government using ICT to _ give service to agency government, apparatus state civil servant, perpetrator business, society, and parties others. However, SPBE implementation is not always smooth Because of various influencing factors _ and a slow implementation rate. Method research used is approach qualitative with technique data collection used is with analyze and study document. The documents to be analyzed are document study literature, news, and related regulations. Maintenance System Government-based electronics in the Province Riau Islands Known that achievement target maintenance government-based technology integrated information can be measured from indicator Index System Government based Province Electronics (SPBE). Riau Archipelago. In 2022, the SPBE Index will be obtained from the results evaluation using the SPBE instrument. Structure SPBE assessment is divided into four domains, eight aspects, and 47 indicators respective assessment given weight. Evaluation of Government SPBE index Province Riau Archipelago in 2022 is summation weight each domain. From the results summation weight, each domain got a Government SPBE index Province Riau Archipelago of 2.68 (Good).
Natural carbon sinks - status, policy and trends
Authors: Alexieva-Nikolova Valentina , Valeva Katina
Published: November 2023

According to the scientific community, human activity is the main source of climate change, and carbon dioxide (CO2) is the greenhouse gas that humanity emits in the largest quantitie. Climate change, as a component of the natural environment, has a huge impact on human society. Having more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere than the earth can naturally absorb traps excess heat and raises global temperatures. In this regard, the EU adopted the European Climate Law as a key element of the European Green Deal. The Union’s ambitions are to reduce emissions by 55% compared to 1990 levels by 2030, and to achieve carbon neutrality in terms of climate by 2050, i.e., building a society and economy with zero emissions. The purpose of this report is to reveal the gobal temperature trends as an important indicator of the scale of climate change and its possible impacts on various spheres of vital importance for the planet’s population such as agriculture, construction, transport, tourism, healthcare, etc. The subject of research is the model of global warming trends. The results of the research provide an opportunity for the development of strategic solutions to increase competitive advantages and make them more sustainable in the conditions of a highly competitive environment.
Faktorielle und konvergente Validität der Kurzversion des
„Fragebogens zu Gedanken und Gefühlen“ (FGG-14) bei
Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung
Authors: Dippold Brigitte , Beller Johannes , Kröger Christoph , Dreyße Kathrin
Published: November 2023

Der „Fragebogen zu Gedanken und Gefühlen“ (FGG) wird
sowohl als Screeninginstrument als auch zur Therapieplanung und -evaluation bei
PatientInnen mit Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS)
eingesetzt. Primäres Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Validierung
der zugrundeliegenden faktoriellen Struktur der 14 Items umfassenden Kurzversion
FGG-14. Zusätzlich sollten Itemcharakteristika, Reliabilität und
Hinweise auf konvergente Validität ermittelt werden. Eine diagnostisch
homogene Stichprobe von PatientInnen mit BPS (N=3035) einer
psychosomatischen Klinik erhielt verschiedene Selbstbeurteilungsinstrumente,
darunter den FGG-14. Das erwartete einfaktorielle Modell der Struktur des FGG
hatte keine ausreichende Güte der Modellfitindizes (CFI=0,751;
TLI=0,706; RMSEA=0,115; SRMR=0,073). Explorative
Faktorenanalysen zeigten Hinweise auf zwei oder drei spezifische Faktoren. In
einer erneuten konfirmatorischen Faktorenanalyse erwies sich ein
Bi-Faktor-Modell mit zwei spezifischen Faktoren als überlegen
(CFI=0,956; TLI=0,936; RMSEA=0,054; SRMR=0,034).
Die interne Konsistenz der Gesamtskala sowie der vorgeschlagenen Subskalen
„Beziehungsschwierigkeiten und emotionale Dysregulation“ sowie
„Autoaggression“ nahm akzeptable bis gute Werte
(ω=0,81–0,84; α=0,79–0,85) an.
Die Zusammenhänge zu konstruktnahen Skalen waren
erwartungsgemäß. Die psychometrischen Gütekriterien des
FGG-14 können damit bestätigt werden. Die Betrachtung der
Subskalen kann die Behandlungsplanung unterstützen.
Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed C–H Activation in Indole: A Comprehensive Report (2017–2022)
Authors: Gope Biplab , Mishra Anupam , Awasthi Satish K.
Published: November 2023

In the realm of synthetic organic chemistry, the catalysis of directed C–H activation by transition metals is an outstanding and efficient method for the synthesis of natural products, organic materials, and fundamental organic building blocks. Notably, this strategy has experienced remarkable advances in recent years, particularly in its application to various substrate classes, including the essential indole scaffold. Indole is a highly sought-after target in organic chemistry. The significance of indole extends beyond its use in total synthesis and drug discovery. It also serves as an important tool in the development of pharmaceutical agents, agrochemicals, and materials. By targeting indole, synthetic chemists can access a wide range of bioactive compounds, which opens new avenues for drug development and chemical biology research. The synthesis of structurally varied indoles has been greatly aided by the development of a comprehensive toolkit made possible by the use of C–H activation as a versatile functionalization platform. This review highlights the latest breakthroughs in rhodium-catalyzed C–H activation at the C2, C4, and C7 positions of the indole scaffold. These developments represent significant progress in the field and hold promising potential for further advances in the synthesis of indole-based compounds.

1 Introduction

2 The Development of Rhodium-Catalyzed C–H Activation

3 General Mechanistic Introduction to Rh(III)-Catalyzed C–H Activation

4 Direct C–H Functionalization of Indoles

4.1 C2 Activation of Indoles

4.2 C4 Activation of Indoles

4.3 Dual C–H Activation Strategy

4.4 C7 Activation of Indoles

5 Conclusion
Real-time surface functionalization of a nanophotonic sensor for liquid biopsy
Authors: Kuzin A. , Chernyshev V. , Kovalyuk V. , An P. , Golikov A. , Svyatodukh S. , Perevoschikov S. , Florya I. , Schulga A. , Deyev S. , Goltsman G. , Gorin D.
Published: November 2023

Today, the search for disease biomarkers and techniques for their detection is one of the most important focuses in modern healthcare. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are known to be related to the pathogenesis of various illnesses, such as cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and cardiovascular disease. Specific EV detection and potential control of their amount in biological fluids can provide a promising therapeutic strategy that involves reduction in EV production and circulation to normal levels to prevent disease progression. To provide a foundation for such research and development, we report the application of photonic integrated circuits in the form of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer coupled with microfluidics for monitoring each step of a covalent linkage between receptors and silicon nitride. We show that such a biosensor can be used for biological marker quantification, such as EVs containing a specific membrane protein HER2. The developed platform provides real-time results by using microliter volumes of the test sample. This research can be used as a first step toward creation of a laboratory on a chip for the precise control of coating in terms of chemical applications and monitoring the effectiveness of the chosen treatment for medical applications.
Polarization dependence of intensities Raman peaks in twisted graphene bilayer
Authors: Othmen R. , Arezki H. , Ajlani H. , Madouri A. , Oueslati M.
Published: November 2023

The polarization dependence of the Raman 2D peak intensity and the polarization independence of the G Raman peak intensity have already been established in single-layer and AB-stacked bilayer graphene. Nevertheless, this study has not been conducted for twisted bilayers. In this study, we investigate the polarization properties of Raman peaks in three distinct twisted bilayer graphene samples, each exhibiting unique characteristics: G peak resonance, the presence of R′ peaks, and D-like peaks, respectively. Our analysis reveals anisotropic behavior in the G peak only under resonance enhancement conditions and consistent polarization-dependent behavior in the 2D peak across all twisted bilayers. Furthermore, we observe a pronounced symmetric and asymmetric polarization dependence in the intensity of R′ and D-like peaks, respectively. These observations have been attributed to the strong coupling between the two layers resulting from the resonance between the van Hove singularities, which affects the behavior of the G peak, and to a double resonance effect that enhances the coupling between the nodal structure and the electron–phonon anisotropy in the intravalley and intervalley regions for R′ and D-like peaks, respectively. These findings contribute to the advancement of our understanding of twisted bilayer systems and offer opportunities for exploring more profound studies.
Broadband directional invisibility
Authors: Loran Farhang , Mostafazadeh Ali
Published: November 2023

The discovery of unidirectional invisibility and its broadband realization in optical media satisfying spatial Kramers–Kronig relations are important landmarks of non-Hermitian photonics. We offer a precise characterization of a higher-dimensional generalization of this effect and find sufficient conditions for its realization in the scattering of scalar waves in two and three dimensions and electromagnetic waves in three dimensions. More specifically, given a positive real number α and a continuum of unit vectors Ω, we provide explicit conditions on the interaction potential (or the permittivity and permeability tensors of the scattering medium in the case of electromagnetic scattering) under which it displays perfect (non-approximate) invisibility whenever the incident wavenumber k does not exceed α (i.e., k∈(0,α]) and the direction of the incident wave vector ranges over Ω. A distinctive feature of our approach is that it allows for the construction of potentials and linear dielectric media that display perfect directional invisibility in a finite frequency domain.
Controlling donor and newborn neuron migration and maturation in the eye through microenvironment engineering
Authors: Soucy Jonathan R. , Todd Levi , Kriukov Emil , Phay Monichan , Malechka Volha V. , Rivera John Dayron , Reh Thomas A. , Baranov Petr
Published: November 2023

Ongoing cell therapy trials have demonstrated the need for precision control of donor cell behavior within the recipient tissue. We present a methodology to guide stem cell–derived and endogenously regenerated neurons by engineering the microenvironment. Being an “approachable part of the brain,” the eye provides a unique opportunity to study neuron fate and function within the central nervous system. Here, we focused on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs)—the neurons in the retina are irreversibly lost in glaucoma and other optic neuropathies but can potentially be replaced through transplantation or reprogramming. One of the significant barriers to successful RGC integration into the existing mature retinal circuitry is cell migration toward their natural position in the retina. Our in silico analysis of the single-cell transcriptome of the developing human retina identified six receptor-ligand candidates, which were tested in functional in vitro assays for their ability to guide human stem cell–derived RGCs. We used our lead molecule, SDF1, to engineer an artificial gradient in the retina, which led to a 2.7-fold increase in donor RGC migration into the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and a 3.3-fold increase in the displacement of newborn RGCs out of the inner nuclear layer. Only donor RGCs that migrated into the GCL were found to express mature RGC markers, indicating the importance of proper structure integration. Together, these results describe an “in silico–in vitro–in vivo” framework for identifying, selecting, and applying soluble ligands to control donor cell function after transplantation.
Quantum anomalous Hall phase and effective in-plane Lande-g factor in an inverted quantum well
Authors: Saha Sushmita , Mawrie Alestin
Published: November 2023

A suitable magnetic doped InAs/GaSb or HgTe/CdTe quantum well (QW) shows the coexistence of the quantum spin Hall and quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) phases. We study the topological transitions between these two topological states and confirm the possibility of the QAH phase through the calculations of quantum Hall conductance. The Hall plateau occurs at

e
2

/

h

rather than

2

e
2

/

h

at such a doping state indicating a QAH phase. Also, the latest experiment reported a robust quantized Hall conductance that persists in an in-plane magnetic field as strong as 12 Tesla. Based on the results of the cited experiment, we present here a precise calculation of the effective in-plane Lande-g factor. The paper predicts a certain range of controllable parameters in an inverted QW for enabling a dissipationless charge transport needed for spintronics application.
Contracting on average iterated function systems by metric change
Authors: Gelfert Katrin , Salcedo Graccyela
Published: November 2023

We study contraction conditions for an iterated function system (IFS) of continuous maps on a metric space which are chosen randomly, identically and independently. We investigate metric changes, preserving the topological structure of the space, which turn the IFS into one which is contracting on average. For the particular case of a system of C
1-diffeomorphisms of the circle which is proximal and does not have a probability measure simultaneously invariant by every map, we derive an equivalent metric which contracts on average and conclude that it carries a unique stationary probability measure. Here we strongly use local contraction properties established by Malicet in 2017, which then imply that the IFS has a negative random Lyapunov exponent and generalizes a result by Baxendale.
The Hodge decomposition of shell current on the Keda Torus eXperiment device
Authors: Chen Zheng , Li Hong , Yolbarsop Adil , Zhang Yuan , Yan Wentan , Rao Xianhao , Tao Zhen , Song Shuchen , Ren Shunrong , Tian Furen , Mao Wenzhe , Wei Zian , Liu Zixi , Zhou Chu , Liu Adi , Lan Tao , Xie Jinlin , Zhou Haiyang , Wen Xiaohui , Wang Hai , Zhuang Ge , Xiao Chijin , Ding Weixing , Liu Wandong
Published: November 2023

The Hodge decomposition is a valuable tool for uniquely decomposing total currents on the composite shell into three types: inductive current, halo current, and harmonic current, each with its specific physical meaning. During plasma disruptions, halo currents appear, essential for studying the wall’s thermal load and electromagnetic force. Furthermore, understanding halo currents is crucial for improving the existing methodologies by removing their effects on equilibrium reconstructions and instability analyses based on boundary magnetic probe data. On the Keda Torus eXperiment (KTX) device, radial and tangent halo currents can be simultaneously provided to locate the contact region during a minor disruption experimentally. Additionally, experimental results demonstrate that, in addition to the occurrence of halo current during minor disruption events, halo current is already present simultaneously with the generation of inductive current when a resistive wall mode exists. For devices that lack the capability to measure the two-dimensional shell current distribution on the entire shell, we propose a method to estimate inductive and halo currents only using a set of shell currents along the toroidal direction. This technique is demonstrated on the KTX device and provides an overall good approximation of the inductive and halo current distribution.
Proposal for sequential Stern–Gerlach experiment with programmable quantum processors
Authors: Hu 胡 Meng-Jun 孟军 , Miao 缪 Haixing 海兴 , Zhang 张 Yong-Sheng 永生
Published: November 2023

The historical significance of the Stern–Gerlach (SG) experiment lies in its provision of the initial evidence for space quantization. Over time, its sequential form has evolved into an elegant paradigm that effectively illustrates the fundamental principles of quantum theory. To date, the practical implementation of the sequential SG experiment has not been fully achieved. In this study, we demonstrate the capability of programmable quantum processors to simulate the sequential SG experiment. The specific parametric shallow quantum circuits, which are suitable for the limitations of current noisy quantum hardware, are given to replicate the functionality of SG devices with the ability to perform measurements in different directions. Surprisingly, it has been demonstrated that Wigner’s SG interferometer can be readily implemented in our sequential quantum circuit. With the utilization of the identical circuits, it is also feasible to implement Wheeler’s delayed-choice experiment. We propose the utilization of cross-shaped programmable quantum processors to showcase sequential experiments, and the simulation results demonstrate a strong alignment with theoretical predictions. With the rapid advancement of cloud-based quantum computing, such as BAQIS Quafu, it is our belief that the proposed solution is well-suited for deployment on the cloud, allowing for public accessibility. Our findings not only expand the potential applications of quantum computers, but also contribute to a deeper comprehension of the fundamental principles underlying quantum theory.
Overview of interpretive modelling of fusion performance in JET DTE2 discharges with TRANSP
Authors: Štancar Ž. , Kirov K.K. , Auriemma F. , Kim H.-T. , Poradziński M. , Sharma R. , Lorenzini R. , Ghani Z. , Gorelenkova M. , Poli F. , Boboc A. , Brezinsek S. , Carvalho P. , Casson F.J. , Challis C.D. , Delabie E. , Van Eester D. , Fitzgerald M. , Fontdecaba J.M. , Gallart D. , Garcia J. , Garzotti L. , Giroud C. , Kappatou A. , Kazakov Ye.O. , King D.B. , Kiptily V.G. , Kos D. , Lerche E. , Litherland-Smith E. , Maggi C.F. , Mantica P. , Mantsinen M.J. , Maslov M. , Menmuir S. , Nocente M. , Oliver H.J.C. , Sharapov S.E. , Sirén P. , Solano E.R. , Sun H.J. , Szepesi G. ,   JET Contributors
Published: November 2023

In the paper we present an overview of interpretive modelling of a database of JET-ILW 2021 D-T discharges using the TRANSP code. The main aim is to assess our capability of computationally reproducing the fusion performance of various D-T plasma scenarios using different external heating and D-T mixtures, and to understand the performance driving mechanisms. We find that interpretive simulations confirm a general power-law relationship between increasing external heating power and fusion output, which is supported by absolutely calibrated neutron yield measurements. A comparison of measured and computed D-T neutron rates shows that the calculations’ discrepancy depends on the absolute neutron yield. The calculations are found to agree well with measurements for higher performing discharges with external heating power above ∼20

M
W

, while low-neutron shots display an average discrepancy of around +40% compared to measured neutron yields. A similar trend is found for the ratio between thermal and beam-target fusion, where larger discrepancies are seen in shots with dominant beam-driven performance. We compare the observations to studies of JET-ILW D discharges, to find that on average the fusion performance is well modelled over a range of heating power, although an increased unsystematic deviation for lower-performing shots is observed. The ratio between thermal and beam-induced D-T fusion is found to be increasing weakly with growing external heating power, with a maximum value of

≳

1 achieved in a baseline scenario experiment. An evaluation of the fusion power computational uncertainty shows a strong dependence on the plasma scenario type and fusion drive characteristics, varying between ±25% and 35%. D-T fusion alpha simulations show that the ratio between volume-integrated electron and ion heating from alphas is

≲

10 for the majority of analysed discharges. Alphas are computed to contribute between ∼15% and 40% to the total electron heating in the core of highest performing D-T discharges. An alternative workflow to TRANSP was employed to model JET D-T plasmas with the highest fusion yield and dominant non-thermal fusion component because of the use of fundamental radio-frequency heating of a large minority in the scenario, which is calculated to have provided ∼10% to the total fusion power.
Flexible DC distribution network fault location method based on beetle swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: Li Longjun , Xu Yan
Published: November 2023

To improve the fault location ability of the DC distribution network and ensure its power supply reliability, a fault location method based on the beetle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the fault characteristics of the DC side after short-circuit fault are analyzed, and the mathematical model for fault location is established; then, the problem of fault location is transformed into the problem of parameter identification by discretization; finally, to verify the effectiveness of the method, a flexible DC distribution network model is built in MATLAB. The simulation results show that the proposed fault location method is accurate, not affected by the transition resistance, and has good robustness.
Short-term power load comparison based on time series and neural networks considering multiple features
Authors: Diao Ruihan , Lv Yang , Ding Yangyang
Published: November 2023

In order to achieve a certain balance between power supply and production demand, as well as to ensure the operation of social machinery and multiple markets, accurate power load forecasting is indispensable. A load prediction method based on the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) - the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and the CNN-gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) is proposed. The multi-feature load forecasting is constructed by the date factor, the weather factor, the load factor and the electricity price factor. The advantage of CNN in feature extraction of the data set is used to establish a high-dimensional relationship with load, optimize the input LSTM and GRU network model, train each group of the neural network model, and output load prediction value. Combining the load data of a certain area with its meteorological factors, the CNN-LSTM and CNN-GRU methods are tested and compared with the single-network models of Back Propagation (BP), LSTM and GRU. By comparing it with other popular algorithms, it is proved that the presented model has superior computational efficiency and prediction accuracy.
Optimization of ALU with gated clock and its internal modules in RVIM64 processor
Authors: Zhu Jing , Liu Huimin , Zhang Rong , Qu Jiale
Published: November 2023

Low power consumption and area are the main research directions of the RISC-V architecture processor, and the arithmetic logic operation unit (ALU) is the key part that affects the overall performance of the processor. In order to improve the performance of the RISC-V architecture processor, we adopted the strategy of reducing the overall power consumption and area of ALU, by using the method of adding a gated clock circuit and optimizing the structure of the comparison module and shift module in ALU. Under the conditions of 90 nm technology, the temperature and the voltage were set to 125 °C and 1 V respectively. The synthesis results of ALU are as follows: the area is 111061 um2, the power consumption is 20.58 MW, and the delay is 20.58 ps. Compared with other traditional ALU, the area is reduced by 46%, and power consumption is reduced by about 48%.
Interference analysis between NGSO systems based on the beam coverage and link angle
Authors: Zhang Yuqiao , Di Wu , Tao Hu
Published: November 2023

The existing interference assessment methods usually consider the special scenario of earth station coincidence. However, in practice, earth stations such as gate stations are sparsely distributed and often do not coincide. Aiming at the problem of how to efficiently calculate the co-frequency interference between Non-Geostationary Satellite Orbit (NGSO) systems with high complexity and a large amount of data, the influencing factors of interference scenes between NGSO systems with non-earth station coincidence are analyzed. The time-varying expression of the bit error rate (BER) of the interference evaluation index to measure the system performance is derived. An interference analysis method based on the beam coverage and link angle is proposed. In this method, four interference time-varying parameters are reduced to two. One of them is associated with the distance between earth stations, which is used to rapidly evaluate the probability of harmful interference between NGSO systems. It provides a reference for the construction of the spacing of earth stations.
High-precision Low-power Low-temperature Drift Dropout Voltage Cancellation Oscillator
Authors: Zhang Rongwei , Huang Shengming
Published: November 2023

As electronic products continue to develop, the requirements for the accuracy of integrated circuits continue to increase. Oscillators play a more important role in integrated circuits, and higher requirements are placed on the power consumption as well as the accuracy of oscillators. In this paper, a high-precision and low-power consumption RC oscillator is designed. The oscillator in this paper consists of a bias module and a capacitor charging and discharging module and provides bias current and voltage with temperature coefficient through bandgap to reduce the change of oscillator operating frequency caused by the increase of ambient temperature in traditional oscillators, which improves the oscillator operating state under different temperatures and the accuracy of the oscillator. The single comparator oscillator structure is also designed to effectively eliminate the effect of the dropout voltage on the oscillation period. The oscillator is simulated by using the MGN 0.18 μm process.
Energy Balance Control of Energy Storage System Based on Improved Virtual DC Motor
Authors: Kang Guohang , Fang Wei , Li Mingyue
Published: November 2023

Energy storage units have a big role in microgrids. To enhance the inertia of the DC microgrid while achieving energy balancing of each energy storage system, an energy balancing control of the energy storage system with virtual DC motor characteristics is proposed. By adding the VDCM technique to the traditional constant voltage control and adding the SoC information of the respective energy storage system to the virtual armature induction potential of the armature loop equation in the VDCM control, compared to existing controls, this control method can enhance DC microgrid inertia while balancing the SoC of the energy storage system, as well as charging and discharging mode switching without changing the control strategy. Finally, a multi-storage DC microgrid model is built in Matlab/Simulink, and the feasibility of the method is verified by simulation.
SOC estimation of lithium-ion batteries based on the improved Kalman filter
Authors: Chen Nan , Han Yaoxuan , Chen Renhui
Published: November 2023

Nowadays, the environmental crisis and energy crisis have been known by people around the world as issues that have to be taken seriously. It is recognized that electric vehicles are more environmentally friendly than traditional fuel cars, but there are still many immature aspects of electric vehicle technology. Battery technology is one of them, and lithium battery is a common power storage tool for electric vehicles. Therefore, it is very important to monitor the status of the battery pack in real-time. Improving the practical capacity, safety, and service life of lithium batteries all have an important impact on the development of electric vehicles. In battery management systems (BMS), the accurate prediction of the battery state of charge (SOC) is particularly important. In this paper, the 18650 lithium battery was selected for the research experiment, and the circuit model of second-order RC was selected. Modeling by MATLAB, the SOC-OCV curve of the battery was determined through the data obtained from the charging and discharging experiment (HPPC), the original least squares method was improved, the forgetting factor was introduced, and the model was identified by the parameters based on the experimental data. The traditional SOC prediction method added noise adaptive rules and iterative theory in the extended Kalman filter(EKF), formed the adaptive Kalman filter (AIEKF) to estimate the SOC of lithium battery, and estimated the SOC using the American urban road cycle (UDDS) data. The results show that the AIEKF algorithm has fewer errors and advantages than the traditional EKF algorithm.
Rapid Analysis of Bent Cable Crosstalk Based on Numerical Calculation
Authors: Lu Chang , Wen Yinghong , Zhang Dan
Published: November 2023

In this paper, a fast prediction method of cable crosstalk is introduced, which can simulate the crosstalk problem more accurately in the actual cable situation. The traditional flexible cable model considers few factors to truly reflect the spatial pose of the cable. In this paper, constraints of the assembly space are considered to truly reflect the structural characteristics of the cable, providing a theoretical basis for cable bundle layout in the virtual environment. Based on the element method and the theory of multi-conductor transmission lines, the crosstalk coupling model of curved cable is established. In this model, the traditional multi-conductor transmission line theory is improved, and the bending cable bundle model is divided into several equivalent subsegments by using the element method. In the subsegment, the multi-conductor transmission line theory is used for modeling, and the chain parameter method is used for crosstalk coupling analysis. The accuracy of the model introduced in this paper is verified by MATLAB and CST Studio simulation.
Adaptive Beamforming with Small Samples and Low Complexity for Large-Scale Arrays
Authors: Bi Yang , Liu Junhua , Hu Guoan
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we propose a novel adaptive beamforming method based on interference plus noise covariance matrix (INCM) reconstruction with few samples and low complexity. Unlike existing techniques, we make use of the fact that large-scale antenna arrays can significantly increase the spectral analysis’s resolution by estimating the steering vector (SV) and power of the interfering signal using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). In addition, a simple spatial rotation operation is employed to resolve the power “leakage” problem of the DFT spectrum and increase estimation precision. The proposed method achieves a high output SINR by reconstructing an accurate INCM with the advantage of simple implementation and low computation complexity. Finally, we verify the effectiveness of the proposed method by numerical simulation and result analysis.
Error Evaluation Method of Capacitive Voltage Transformer Based on Improved Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Zhao Xijie , Wei Hongtao
Published: November 2023

The capacitive voltage transformer is an important data source for electricity trading and is easily influenced by environmental factors during operation, resulting in decreased metering accuracy. Because the voltage data does not satisfy the Gaussian distribution, the accuracy of the traditional principal component analysis method is poor when evaluating the error of capacitive voltage transformers. This paper proposes an improved principal component analysis method based on the local outlier factor. First, principal component analysis is utilized to separate the primary voltage fluctuation and error change. Then, a new statistic is established by using the local outlier factor instead of the traditional statistic as an evaluation standard, which reduces the missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis caused by the data distribution characteristics. The experimental results show that the improved method is better than the traditional method in terms of the detection rate of transformer anomaly detection, can effectively detect the abnormal change of transformer error and is more suitable for capacitive voltage transformers in operation.
Highly Sensitive SAW Pressure Sensor Based on Simply Supported Beam
Authors: Yang Yuntao , Peng Bin , Sun Zhaofeng , Huang Fei , Zhang Wanli
Published: November 2023

In this work, a SAW pressure sensor based on a simply supported beam was designed and fabricated. The SAW resonator deposited on 128° YX-lithium niobate (LNO) substrate was used as the sensing element. The LNO substrate was used as a simply supported beam, therefore strain transfer loss was avoided and uniaxial stress was directly applied to the SAW resonator. An indenter with two ledges was used to indent the LNO beam and then uniform strain was applied to the SAW resonator. The sensitivity was experimentally measured in a pressure range of 330 kPa. The results demonstrated that the sensitivity of the SAW pressure sensor in this work was as high as 2514 ppm/MPa. The high pressure sensitivity of the proposed SAW pressure sensor was analyzed. The device structure of the proposed SAW pressure sensor may help to design highly sensitive SAW pressure sensors.
Design of Charge Pump Circuit for Stepper Motor Drive Chip
Authors: Yao Yingying , Ren Guangjun
Published: November 2023

A charge pump circuit structure that can be applied to high-voltage drive circuits such as motor driver chips is proposed. The pump mode of the traditional circuit is changed based on the traditional charge pump, the output frequency of the oscillator is increased, and the capacitance area of the pump is reduced. The design and simulation of the proposed charge pump circuit are carried out based on HHG 0.35 um BCD technology. The simulation results show that when the simulation temperature is 27 °C and the clock cycle is set to 1 us, the voltageVin+5V can be stably output after 923 us, and the on-load current can reach 0.2 mA. The results meet the design requirements and provide a new way to solve this kind of problem.
A method for tracing impulse voltage peak value using weighted frequency components
Authors: Fan Jiawei , Long Zhaozhi , Li Wenting , Hu Kangmin
Published: November 2023

This paper studies a method for synthesizing impulse voltage peak error based on frequency energy weight. The research designed three capacitive voltage dividers with a voltage rating of 1 kV, 10 kV, and 200 kV, respectively, and measured their response characteristics using the step wave response test. The scale factor and linearity of the 1 kV capacitor divider were measured at different frequencies and impulse voltages to verify the equivalence of voltage coefficients under power frequency and impulse. Using boundary conditions obtained from AC voltage standard sources and impulse voltage standard generators, the equivalence of 200 kV power frequency voltage coefficient and impulse voltage coefficient was derived.
Research on Crosstalk Coupling of Trackside Cable in High Speed Railway
Authors: Zhang Huanji , Wang Guodong , Zhang Dan , He Xiaodong
Published: November 2023

The signal and power supply of trackside equipment in Chin’s high-speed railway is usually placed in the trackside trunking to avoid the influence of external harassing signals on the cable. However, due to the different voltage levels of the cables in the trough, strong and weak current cables will produce crosstalk coupling problems, which will affect the quality of train communication and running efficiency, and even endanger the safety of train running. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately analyze the crosstalk coupling problem between the cables in the trough. In this paper, the crosstalk coupling model of trackside cable is established. The Green function method simplifies the trackside trunking model, the crosstalk coupling of the cable in the trackside trunking and the electromagnetic field distribution in the trackside trunking are analyzed by using the method of moments (MOM), and the results of theoretical calculation are verified by simulation experiments.
Design of Active Closed-loop Driver Chip for SiC
Authors: Ke Jinkun , Feng Jinbo , Huang Yuchao , Guan Zhaoliang , Xu Hangyu , Zhao Ming
Published: November 2023

The SiC active control scheme mainly uses phased control, which makes the circuit implementation complex and unfavorable to design due to the need for detection circuits. And the longer feedback delay will affect the accuracy of the control. In this paper, a closed-loop driving SiC scheme is proposed. By integrating the driver circuit, protection circuit, and detection circuit on one chip, the SiC drive current is controlled by a staged control scheme, which can reduce the switching loss with low current and voltage overcharge. The specific circuit design uses Hua Hong BCD350GE technology, which mainly includes a power supply module, a feedback signal processing module, an Undervoltage protection module, a desaturation protection module, a logic control module, and a driver output module, and is verified by beat virtuoso simulation. Test results show that compared with Infineon driver chip 1EDS20I12SV, the switching loss of SiC is reduced by 25.75% when driving SiC at the same turn-off voltage, and the loss reduction is more obvious.
Multi-domain blind source separation in-band full-duplex technique considering RF impairments
Authors: Zhu Hong Yu , Wang Chao , Yuan Nai Chang , Huang Jing Jian , Wang Qing Ping
Published: November 2023

In-band full-duplex (IBFD) technology can potentially improve spectrum efficiency compared to half-duplex technology. The cancellation of the self-interference (SI) signal is the key to implementing the IBFD system to achieve accurate detection of the signal of interest. In this work, we fully account for the effect of IQ imbalance, phase noise (PN), additional Gaussian white noise (AWGN), and the nonlinear caused by the RF impairments of power amplifier, and adopt the method of canceling SI signal combined with the propagation, analog, and digital domain to cancel the SI signal, but the residual SI signal is still mixed with the signal of interest in the same time and frequency domain. In addition, a novel multi-domain blind source separation (MDBSS) self-interference cancellation method implemented by using the off-the-shelf components is proposed in this paper, which can realize the separation of residual self-interference signals from the signal of interest (SOI). Additionally, the multi-domain blind source separation (MDBSS) self-interference cancellation technique is used to achieve 75 dB of self-interference cancellation performance, which is proven through numerical simulation analysis, and the SOI is successfully separated in the receiver. Moreover, the multi-domain blind source separation (MDBSS) method in this paper can be applied to radar, jammer, and communication systems in the future.
Evaluation Method of the Power Grid Unbalance Factor under Cooperative Distribution of Photovoltaic and Energy Storage
Authors: Tuo Changjun , Wang Yifei , Han Yingqiang , Zhang Ning
Published: November 2023

With the rapid evolution of electrification, a number of asymmetric loads appear in the power system, making three-phase unbalanced pollution of the power grid increasingly serious. However, there are currently no comprehensive evaluation indexes to assess the unbalanced factor between power grids and customers, which makes it tough to locate and control unbalanced pollution sources. To solve the conundrum, the paper first summarizes the traditional assessment indexes and points out their shortcomings. Then, according to IEEE Std 1459-2010 power theory, the apparent fundamental power is represented by sequence components and propose a set of new evaluation indexes and methods of unbalanced factor. Finally, to verify the practicability and accuracy of the new indexes, simulation models of different wiring forms are constructed in MATLAB, and the simulation experiment results are analyzed. The results show that compared with the existing indexes, the new indexes can comprehensively reflect the unbalanced pollution factor of the system and the customer side under different wiring forms. They can be used to locate the unbalance sources and divide the unbalanced responsibilities.
Multi-target Localization Based on an Improved FOCUSS Algorithm with Missing Information
Authors: Huang Xiangsong , Yuan Jia , Pan Dapeng
Published: November 2023

The situation where the observation stations or the sensors cannot fully detect the targets is called missing information, which makes it difficult to locate targets. Due to its sparsity, Compressed Sensing (CS) can be applied to multi-target localization with missing information. An improved Focal Undetermined System Solver (IFOCUSS) algorithm is proposed, by dynamically updating the regularized factor that has a significant impact on the convergence of iteration processes. What’s more, a re-weighting method is adopted for the weighting matrix to improve convergence property and accelerate convergence, and a new method of choosing correct items from a sparse estimation vector is proposed to improve the positioning accuracy. Several simulations corroborate its notable reconstruction performance, which is illustrated by correctly estimating five targets with only 11 sensors on a moving station, achieving better convergence at lower signal-to-noise ratios (such as 12 dB) with about half the run time of Regularized FOCUSS (RFOCUSS) and being able to estimate two targets even with missing information up to 60%. Under the same conditions of missing information, IFOCUSS can estimate more targets with smaller positioning errors than RFOCUSS, achieving better convergence performance by eliminating almost all interference terms.