bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation of maximum elastic deformations during flat grinding of low-rigidity prismatic workpieces
Authors: Tyshkevich V N , Sarazov A V , Orlov S V
Published: December 2020

The flat grinding of low-rigidity prismatic workpieces side surfaces with the initial non-flatness of the base face is investigated. Mathematical models for determination of maximum elastic deformation of prismatic work-pieces when fixing and machining are presented. The theory of bars is used for determination of elastic deformations at the bending of prismatic workpieces. Maximal elastic deformation of prismatic workpieces at the bending is determined the method of More. Contact deformations of the surfaces of the workpiece and the machine table are taken into account. An experimental verification of the developed models was carried out.
Cutting of worm, spiroid and bevel gearwheel teeth by means of running-in cutter head
Authors: Trubachev E S , Bogdanov K V , Pushkareva T A
Published: December 2020

The paper considers an alternative to traditional methods of tooth machining for worm, spiroid and bevel gearwheels – by means of an assembled multi-tooth running-in cutter head with hard-alloy inserts. Within the cutting process the cutter head is rotated and fed along its axis concurrently with the rotation of the workpiece, thus implementing the generating worm with a continuous or variable pitch. It is preferable to make the multi-thread generating worm with regard to increasing the production efficiency and valid control of the level of contact localization. The design scheme of setting parameters is considered on the basis of providing the conjugacy at two design points assigned at opposite tooth flanks. The design scheme of the generated tooth geometry is also discussed. Design examples are given to show the possibility of providing the necessary degree of contact localization. The method is implemented at common and simply set metal cutting machine tools – universal gear hobbing machines and machining centres. As compared to traditional methods, the proposed method provides the effective control of tooth geometry, reduction of time and cost of production preparation, especially in the absence of the specialized equipment, staff and corresponding techniques at the production site.
Studying the processes of early structure formation of a modified cement paste
Authors: Samchenko S V , Abramov M A , Egorov E S
Published: December 2020

The article touches the structure formation process studying of cement paste by the results of heat evolution measuring. The features of early structure formation of cement samples obtained with the use of mineral admixture - pre-hydrated cement slurry, chemical admixture S-3 and their complex use are considered. Normal consistencies of cement specimens were compared. The intensification of heat evolution by cement specimens using a mineral additive is detected. The benefit of complex admixture has been revealed.
Surface quality of high-speed cutting plates in flat grinding by new abrasive wheels of “Saint-Gobain Abrasive” company
Authors: Canh Nguyen Duy , Canh Nguyen Van , Hong Pham Xuan , Hue Nguyen Ngoc , Duy Tran Dinh
Published: December 2020

The article detected the surface qualities of high-speed plates – HS10-4-3-10; HS6-5-1; HS18-0-1; W12V3Co10Mo3 and W9Co5 at flat grinding by news abrasive wheels of company “Saint-Gobain Abrasive” – 5NQ46IVS3; 5SG46K12VXP, 5SG46I12VXP, 5SG60K12VXP, TGX80I12VCF5 with using statistical approach. Parameters of surface quality were estimated allowing: microrelief Ra and Sm; form accuracy FLTt and microhardness HV. Because of violation of the condition of homogeneity and normal distribution of variance deviations, nonparametric statistical method was selected for analysis experimental data. According by results of research were recommended using abrasive wheels: 5NQ46IVS3 and 5SG46K12VXP for the formation of parameters Ra, FLTt, HV; and abrasive wheels 5SG46I12VXP and 5SG60K12VXP for the provision parameter Sm.
Building a model of the process of grinding screws for ball-screw transmission
Authors: Bogutsky Vladimir , Shron Leonid , Novosyolov Yury
Published: December 2020

Studies of domestic and foreign scientists show that the radius of the thread profile has a significant impact on the performance of BS transmissions: load capacity, rigidity, smoothness and durability. Therefore, the accuracy of the thread profile is high requirements. In order to ensure the high quality of transmission functioning, it is very important to obtain a minimum deviation on the entire length of the propeller of parameters such as the moment of idling, the changes of which characterize the smoothness of the work, and the rigidity on which it depends. precision of movement and installation in the required position of the machine’s working organs. Therefore, special attention is paid to ensuring the stability of the thread profile radius. For ensuring the stability of the radius of the thread profile, the article developed a mathematical model of the thread grinding process that ensures the preservation of the circle profile. It is shown that the obtained mathematical model requires experimental verification in the conditions of grinding the thread of the rolling screws and, if necessary, its corresponding refinement.
Equipment for improving the quality of finishing processing in floating workshops
Authors: Vladetskaya Ekaterina , Roshchupkin Stanislav
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the results of research and development in the direction of modernization of technological equipment for high-quality processing of parts in floating workshops by increasing vibration resistance and reducing harmful effects from the external environment (sea waves) and neighboring operating equipment. Traditional vibration isolation mounts of machines cannot be used in floating workshops due to their loss of functioning under the conditions of the floating base pitching and horizontal displacements under its influence. New effective constructive options for the vibration protection device of precision machines and supports with active vibration isolation are described, which allow automatic control of damping of the vibration isolating support of the machines under various types of external influences.
Cutting ability of abrasive grains in the processing of billets of plastic materials with the applying of ultrasonic vibrations
Authors: Unyanin A N , Khazov A V
Published: December 2020

The research was carried out in order to identify the relationship between the intensity of sticking of the workpiece material particles on the abrasive grains (AZ) of the grinding wheel with the physical and mechanical properties of the grains and ultrasonic vibrations (UZK) used in the processing process. Numerical simulation of local temperatures during micro-cutting (scratching) of samples made of 3X3M3F steel with abrasive grains made of various materials, including with the imposition of a narrow band. The deformation of the bulk and the stresses resulting from this deformation acting on the connection of the bulk with grains from materials with different coefficients of linear expansion are calculated. It was found that with increasing difference in the coefficients of linear expansion of the materials of the billet and AZ, the stresses that contribute to the separation of the adhesive from the surface of the AZ increase. In the course of experimental studies, samples were micro-cut with single abrasive grains. We controlled the salting coefficient equal to the ratio of the area of nalip to the area of the blunting site at the gas station and the wear of grain. It was found that AZ from Elbor wear out and become salted to a lesser extent when grinding with the imposition of a narrow-gauge blank.
Technological efficiency of introducing the energy of the ultrasonic field in the area of processing holes in complex packages of composite materials and titanium alloys
Authors: Kiselev E S , Savelev K S
Published: December 2020

The possibility of improving the quality of holes in complex packages of composite materials and titanium alloys for drilling operations by using the energy of ultrasonic vibrations introduced into the processing zone is considered. The design of two experimental installations based on a vertical drilling machine and an industrial robot is described.
Optical properties of component surfaces processed by surface plastic deformation methods
Authors: Nagorkin M N , Fyodorov V P , Kovalyova E V
Published: December 2020

It is suggested in this paper that parameters characterizing the reflectivity of machine component surfaces are used as indicators of surface quality. The research results of influencing technological factors of surface plastic deformation processing on these parameters are presented.
Mechanical behavior and crystallization features of amorphous alloys based on cobalt and iron after annealing
Authors: Permyakova I E , Blinova E N , Dmitrievskii A A
Published: December 2020

The sequence of structural transformations of amorphous alloys Fe53.3Ni26.5B20.2 and Co28.2Fe38.9Cr15.4Si0.3B17.2 during heat treatment in a wide temperature range was studied by transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The response of mechanical properties (plasticity, hardness, crack resistance) during transition from an amorphous to a crystalline state was investigated. The nature of discovered embrittlement phenomenon and plasticizing effect in amorphous alloys during annealing was discussed.
Structural Characteristics of a Copper-Nickel Alloy Obtained by Selective Laser Smelting
Authors: Baraz V V , Gerasimov S S , Gruzdeva I A
Published: December 2020

A three-dimensional model from powders of a copper-nickel alloy Cu81-Ni19 composition is obtained by selective laser smelting. The 3D model microstructure is characterized by the absence of typical crystalline structure and contains elements of a quasi-amorphous state. The finished material differs from the standard monolithic cast billet with a lower surface roughness, higher hardness values while maintaining almost the same density indices.
Mathematical modeling and optimization of adaptive information system
Authors: Obukhov Artem , Krasnyanskiy Mikhail , Nikolyukin Maxim
Published: December 2020

The paper considers mathematical modeling and optimization of adaptive information systems. The presented mathematical model is based on the apparatus of theories of sets and graphs and formalizes the main components and the relationships between them in adaptive information systems. Based on the developed model, a set of criteria is formulated for assessing the quality of systems. The multicriteria task of optimizing adaptive information systems is posed. An algorithm for its solution and the practical implementation of an adaptive information system for transmitting a video stream are considered. The stated approaches to formalization can be used for mathematical modeling and optimization of various adaptive information systems for solving digitalization problems in technical and industrial sectors.
Solving optimization problems in the design of fixtures for flexible manufacturing systems
Authors: Khusainov R M , Mindiyarov R R , Petrovetskiy B I
Published: December 2020

This article discusses one of the technologies of digital production, expressed in the application of CAD/CAM systems and methods of mathematical optimization to the design of technological equipment intended for use in flexible production systems. The authors offer a solution of the problem of increasing the reliability of the manufacturing process on the machine by eliminating collisions of elements of technological equipment, by selecting the parameters of the technological system. The application of mathematical optimization methods for selecting parameters of technological equipment is considered. Optimization criteria for solving this problem and optimization parameters for this problem are derived and justified. The results of the solution are based on computer simulation of processing on a specific machine.
Mathematical modeling of changes in temperature distribution during friction stir welding in massive samples
Authors: Rzaev R A , Dzhalmukhambetov A U , Yu Dergunova O , Semenova L E
Published: December 2020

A mathematical model of temperature distribution in the process of friction stir welding (FSC) of a homogeneous massive body has been developed. The model makes it possible to take into account the geometric dimensions of the tool, the thermophysical properties and the temperature distribution in the sample during the transition of the welded material into the superplastic state. The paper presents comparisons of the temperature distribution of homogeneous thin-sheet and bulky samples. Measurements temperature were carried out at various points of the hemispherical sample during the FSW process. This model is used to estimate the linear velocity of the FSW associated with the thermophysical properties of materials. The calculation results are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data.
Application of cognitive technologies for modeling of design and technological knowledge and automation of design activities
Authors: Volkova Galina , Turbeeva Tatyana , Grigoriev Oleg , Sobolev Alexandr , Dikov Ruslan
Published: December 2020

In this chapter the problem of modelling, representation and objectification of technical knowledge are considered A meaningful analysis of scientific and technical publications and design and technological documentation has revealed the features of reflecting technical knowledge in them and presenting it in various forms. This allowed us to develop a model for marking semantic elements and their structures in scientific and technical publications and technical documentation based on the method of conceptual (semantic) modeling in the framework of the methodology for automating intellectual labor (MAIL). To extract problem-oriented knowledge from scientific publications and technical documentation, a model for marking semantic elements and their constructions was developed. The markup model defines the fixation of significant semantic elements and constructs that are explicitly expressed in the document structure. The formed documentation structure defined a step-by-step methodology for the formation and processing of electronic funds of scientific and technical documentation.
Design of autonomous endoscopic video system
Authors: Filipovich O V , Maistrishin M M , Garmatyuk M I
Published: December 2020

The use of video endoscopic systems for medical purposes and possible directions associated with the improvement of their designs are considered. Within the framework of the design of a universal autonomous endoscopic video system, the solution of the problems of synthesizing a structural diagram, developing a structure and analyzing its elements is described. The block diagram of a block-modular system and a model of its assembly are presented. The keypad design process is described in detail. The areas of possible application of the video system and its differences from analogues are given.
Influence of elastic deformation of gear hone teeth on machined gear accuracy
Authors: Bagaiskov Yu
Published: December 2020

The material of resin-bond gear hones becomes deformed during operation. The gear hone tooth deformation value depends on the contact point position along the tooth height; it increases by ten folds from the lower point to the top. The deformation values are comparable with metal removal volume and the initial error values of the machined parts. Besides, the kinematic parameters of engagement vary, the values of specific sliding and contact pattern areas are distributed along the part teeth height more uniformly. This should affect the nature and the correction values of gear errors after machining. Experiments proved that accuracy of gears after machining by hones depends on the initial accuracy degree of gears and hones, the paired relationship of geared contacts, the value and nature of distribution of the gear-teeth initial error, machining time. Errors can be intentionally rectified by using gear hones with various elasticity degrees depending on the initial accuracy of parts.
Improving the layout of skid steer loader
Authors: Khomichev Alexey , Volkov Alexandr
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the layout of the main components and units of a skid steer loader. The effect of placing the heaviest components on the tipping load is estimated. The necessity of increasing the duration of the loader without refueling is substantiated. An option is proposed to improve the layout of the machine to increase its operational performance. A test arrangement made using a 3D-modeling system is given.
Studies of the process of heating air in the inlet pipe for starting a diesel engine at low temperatures
Authors: Agureev I E , Elagin M Yu , Pavlov D V , Khmelev R N
Published: December 2020

Starting a diesel engine at low ambient temperatures presents significant difficulties due to low temperature of the air charge; increased resistance due to increasing viscosity of the oil, turning the crankshaft and moving other kinematically connected parts; deterioration of fuel atomization conditions; enhanced heat transfer to the cylinder wall; loss of part of the air charge. This article is devoted to experimental studies on heating the air at the inlet of a small-sized 1H9,5/8,0 diesel engine with air cooling at ambient temperatures of -20 ° C, -40 ° C, -60 ° C. As the result of experimental studies, the time of stationary values of air temperature in the combustion chamber, as well as in the inlet and outlet pipes was determined. Temporal patterns of changes in air temperatures in the combustion chamber, in the inlet and outlet pipes when scrolling the diesel engine with a starter are obtained.
Analysis of structures, properties and basic indicators of two-row axial piston hydraulic machines with an inclined cylinders block
Authors: Nizhegorodov A I , Gavrilin A N , Moyzes B B
Published: December 2020

The article reviews the possibility of developing double-row axial-piston hydraulic machines with an inclined cylinder block by improving the block design. The block design is improved by placing a second pumping unit in it and also locating additional working chambers with smaller pistons in the inter-cylinder zones. It is shown that an increase in the outer diameter of the initial cylinders block by only 10% provides an increase in the operating volume, torque and power of the new hydraulic machine by 33%. Such design improvement of the block of a new hydraulic machine in comparison with the analogue such as a hydraulic machine with an inclined disk gives a greater result: an increase in the operating volume, torque and power in a hydraulic machine with an inclined block is 78% more compared to a hydraulic machine with an inclined block, all other things being equal. The possibility of developing a high-torque axial-piston hydraulic motor by pairing two double-row pumping units while simultaneously eliminating the overall dimension of the bearing unit by closing axial loads on the drive shaft of the machine and halving the ripple is additionally considered.
Internal ballistics of smoothbore guns
Authors: Crawford K R , Mitiukov N W , Busygina E L , Alies M Y
Published: December 2020

The work is devoted to the problem of the formation of a mathematical model of a smoothbore gun. It is shown that due to the low accuracy of the initial data, the high accuracy of the mathematical model is not rational, and the mathematical model in the adiabatic formulation is quite reasonable. On the other hand, simple methods of numerical integration are excluded due to the discontinuity of functions at the beginning of the combustion phase of gunpowder. Accounting for the rotation of the cannonball, necessary for external ballistics, is possible only for a probabilistic task. Therefore, it will be most convenient to evaluate this parameter through the form factor of the external ballistic calculation.
Simulation modelling of the pumping station with a high-speed motor
Authors: Alies M Y , Volkov K G , Mitiukov N W , Busygina E L
Published: December 2020

Using a quadripole network, a model has been built for a metalworking-machine pump unit consisting of a triple plunger pump. It is shown that the use of a high-speed electric motor may lead to the appearance of resonance with a pump-unit manifold, and as a result, the equipment for pulsations control fails to operate effectively. To solve the problem it is necessary either to update the pump manifold in order to change its oscillation eigenfrequency or to use a different motor speed.
Process Quality Assessment
Authors: Pishchukhin A M
Published: December 2020

The work is devoted to the study of procedures for assessing the quality of technological process. It is emphasized that there are significant differences in the parameters for assessing the state of an object and a process. When the technological process proceeds, it most often requires smoothness, the absence of spasmodic changes, since violation of these requirements affects the quality of the final result of the technological process - the finished product. The concepts of process quality and control quality are further divided. To evaluate the latter, there are classical indicators: accuracy, speed, stability margin, and sensitivity. Changes in the quality level of the technological process reflect other characteristics, such as deviations in: synchronization, coordination, stability of technological modes and operational costs.
Investigation of the dependence of the quality control of the adhesive joint on the capacitance of the joint for various types of dielectric
Authors: Krechetova E V , Syritsky A B , Komshin A S
Published: December 2020

The control of adhesive joints is a mandatory step in the process. However, at present, there is no device that could be used at various stages of production. The main part of the devices allows you to control finished products. The developed method is based on the use of measuring the electrical parameters of a compound to control the quality of this compound. The essence of the method is as follows. An article containing glued elements measures one of the electrical parameters: capacity or resistance. The obtained value is compared with the theoretical value of this parameter calculated and set as “tolerance”. If the measured value is within the tolerance, then a conclusion is drawn about the suitability of this adhesive joint; otherwise, the connection is rejected. The data obtained allow us to conclude that there is a relationship between the measurement of the capacitance parameter of the compound and the thickness of the dielectric layer. However, for it is necessary to study in depth how this method behaves when working with other dielectrics and a relationship is traced between them. The processing of resistance measurement data also shows that the use of data on this parameter is possible, but with stabilization of the measurement conditions, since a stronger discrepancy with the theoretical (calculated) values was observed during the measurement.
Development of a control system with fuzzy tuning of values for the actuation setpoint
Authors: Solovjev D S , Solovjeva I A , Konkina V V
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the disadvantages of using fuzzy logic to correct the value of the PID controller coefficients in control systems. The disadvantages are related to the actuation setpoint, which knowingly doesn‘t provide optimal control during its implementation at the control object. It is proposed to use a fuzzy tuning of values for the actuation setpoint in the control system circuit based on the deviation between the measured values of the input action at the control object and the values accepted in the calculation by the mathematical model. Fuzzy tuning of values for the actuation setpoint provides that the control objects achieve the desired indicators without re-solving the optimization problem. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by the example of developing a control system for the electroplating process.
Tracking system for the position of the patient of the surgical robotic complex
Authors: Tokarev D A , Kabanov A A
Published: December 2020

The paper examines the design of the control system of the surgical robotic complex that is used for transurethral operations with resectoscopes. The proposed system consists of a subsystem for the motion control of the instrument (resectoscope) working part and a subsystem for tracking and stabilizing the patient’s position. The patient’s position tracking system eliminates a patient’s injury when he displaced relative to the initial position. The article describes the design of the patient’s position tracking system. The description of the principle of operation of the tracking system is also presented.
Concept of robotic investigational study
Authors: Lemeshko M A , Zibrov V A , Deyneka I G
Published: December 2020

The approach as a concept for automated experimental research conducting under management of a controller and a research program control system is stated in the article. Method of robotic tools using to perform experiments with the replacement of the investigated objects without researcher participation is considered in a concept. Variant for automatic revision of the experiment schedule based on preliminary measurements and their evaluation, including analysis of preliminary results using criteria for accuracy and validity of expected results has been considered. The essence of the concept is shown and implementation examples of the concept have been resented upon automation of experimental research. Advantages and prospects of the proposed approach are shown, in particular the authors believe that experimental studies robotization will enable to evaluate and improve the accuracy and validity of the research results; as well as concept is useful for many types and directions of experimental investigations as aimed at human and economic costs reducing, research tasks solution acceleration.
New equipment for cleaning solar panels
Authors: Zatsarinnaya Yu N , Amirov D I
Published: December 2020

This article presents the results of solving an urgent problem of creating new equipment designed to solve the problem of operating solar panels, such as pollution of their front surfaces. The authors have developed an autonomous and reliable cleaning method with low energy consumption and the absence of the possibility of panel shading. An automated system was created with a short payback period in connection with the noted criteria. The article describes the developed device that is used for cleaning solar panels. The using of such device will minimize the share of human participation in the cleaning of PVP.
Simulation of unstable liquid film flow in heat and mass transfer processes of film equipment
Authors: Prokudina L A , Vikhirev M P
Published: December 2020

This work presents results of computational modeling of vertical water liquid film flow at moderate Reynolds numbers in the framework of partial differential equation of the state of the free surface of the liquid film. Equation coefficients include different physicochemical factors such as surface tension parameter and temperature gradients influence parameter. Utility developed in C++ is used for computation of wave characteristics and instability regions of liquid films. Computational experiments were carried out for the vertical water film both at free flow and at evaporation. Results could be used in the design or modernization of existing equipment and in the design of technological processes in liquid films.
Application of OLAP-technology in decision support system for enterprise management
Authors: Akhmedyanova Gulnara F
Published: December 2020

The work is devoted to the study of methods for increasing the profitability of an enterprise based on management decisions that are close to optimal. It is shown that the enterprise, as an abstract control object, integrates at least four components: buildings, facilities and utilities, production facilities, financial and material stocks and personnel. Moreover, each of these components of the production system has its own management system, and enterprise management, therefore, is carried out at the second level of the hierarchy. Since the levers of direct control of the production system are managed by the first-level control systems, parametric, structural and organizational changes become the control actions at the second level and the main tasks of management are the competent redistribution of managerial resources between these influences. Relying on the presentation of information in the form of a hyper cube and taking advantage of the fact that all solutions lie on the plane of equal contributions, and then, taking it as the coordinate plane for counting the utility function, one can reasonably find points on this plane with a resource distribution close to optimal by maximizing this feature.
Principle of constructing flat designs of electronic circuit diagrams considering forbidden figures
Authors: Potapov V I , Suskin V V , Filatkin S V
Published: December 2020

The problem of designing double-sided printed circuit boards in the form of synthesis of flat structures of electronic circuit diagrams at the design stage is considered. The aim of the work is to arrange the connections on two sides of the printed circuit board without jumpers, which facilitates the conditions for routes to any tracer of modern design programs. The main drawback of all the algorithms used is the principle of sequential and fragmented viewing of the commutation space incorporated in them. To solve this problem, it is necessary to use the graph theoretical method, rather than the topographic method, where priority is given to the metric aspect of the problem. The graph theoretical method involves preliminary stratification of the graph on two sides of the printed circuit board and analysis of the planarity of the graph circuit with subsequent elimination of jumpers, assigning a conflict link of the route to the back of the circuit board.
Simulation of electromagnetic parameters in a laboratory installation
Authors: Kazak Oleg , Starodumov Ilya
Published: December 2020

The paper devoted to the numerical simulation of electromagnetic and heat transfer processes in laboratory installation with two concentric cylindrical electrodes and liquid metal. The electromagnetic and temperature fields of laboratory installation are presented. The results obtained for the laboratory installation can be used in the metallurgical industry for the simulation and optimization of electrometallurgical furnaces.
Modeling of the stressed-deformed state of the apparatus under pressure at corrosion
Authors: Rubtsov A V , Kulakov P A , Arkhipova K S
Published: December 2020

Vessels and apparatuses operating under pressure at hazardous production facilities are operated under conditions of many factors that limit the safe service life. These factors include elevated pressures and temperatures, damage during operation, exposure to both static and cyclic loads, etc. The most common and determining damage to metal equipment is corrosion wear. Corrosion wear negatively affects reliability during operation, gradually reducing the strength of the technical device by reducing wall thicknesses and thereby bringing the object closer to its ultimate state. As a rule, visual inspection and thickness measurements make it possible to identify corrosion zones, analyze these zones and give recommendations for further operation or replacement of defective areas. However, some designs of vessels and apparatuses do not give the opportunity to carry out work on the assessment of the corrosion state in full, and in this regard, there is a possibility that adverse sections will be skipped. Especially such problems arise when diagnosing devices with multiple workspaces. Currently, the work on modeling equipment of this type with the use of specialized software systems for assessing the stress-deformed state taking into account all the factors present and identifying the most unfavorable zones with maximum effective stresses is relevant. In this paper, we study the interconnection between the effect on the apparatus with a shirt of operating parameters when modeling various scenarios of corrosion wear.
Improving the reliability of hydraulic systems of technological machines
Authors: Pugin K G
Published: December 2020

Modern technological machines have in their design hydraulic systems that are used to control the working body of the machine. Currently, hydraulic systems are complex systems that consist of a large number of subsystems and separately functioning elements. An analysis of the reasons leading to the failure of hydraulic systems shows that their reliability depends on a large number of factors, which are often interconnected. These factors include the external influence of the environment, the properties of materials and working hydraulic fluid, wear processes, the magnitude of the loads, the operating time, as well as regulations for the maintenance of the hydraulic system as a whole and its individual elements. As the statistics of hydraulic systems failure show, about sixty percent of failures are associated with contamination of the working fluid. It is possible to prevent contamination of the hydraulic system at the design stage or by changing the organization of maintenance. It is shown that the number of sensors registering the level of contamination of the hydraulic fluid and their placement on the machine body must be scientifically substantiated. The studies presented in the article allow us to make a conclusion about the possible formation of stagnant zones in remote nodes of the hydraulic system. An important result of this research is that dynamic data collected by the built-in particle detection sensors can give inaccurate information about the condition of the hydraulic fluid. Evaluation of modern methods of technical operation has made it possible to identify a priority condition that will allow the transition from diagnostic to predictive assessment of the state of elements of hydraulic systems of technological machines.
Improving the methodology for assessing the level of localization of production of agricultural mobile energy devices
Authors: Lavrov A V , Shevtsov V G , Zubina V A , Khamuev V G
Published: December 2020

An improving methodology for assessing the level of localization of the production of agricultural mobile energy is presented. The basic methodology has been substantially adjusted with the transition from an arbitrary list of obsolete technological operations to the valuation of modern technologies, the quantitative accounting of the scarcity of manufactured equipment, the volume of after-sales services, the development of research and development, operational provision of spare parts, etc. The localization level sufficient to recognize a particular model as being produced in Russia is calculated as the sum of the shares of the tractor cost, taking into account a number of decreasing coefficients that take into account the progressive effect of localized production: deficiency coefficient of the produced model; service network ratio; R&D financing ratio; coefficient of availability of spare parts warehouse. The implementation of this methodology contributes to solving the problems of developing the Russian economy.
Development of methods for increasing the technical and economic efficiency of the application of hardening technologies for flat working bodies of tillage machines
Authors: Golubina S A , Sidorov V N
Published: December 2020

The questions of strengthening of details of tillage machines are considered. A method for improving technical and economic efficiency is developed based on determining the zones of preferential hardening of dumps based on finding the local coefficients of the wear rate and developing technologies for strengthening the selected zones that ensure the achievement of the specified coefficients. The durability of reinforced parts that have passed full-scale tests in the farms of the Kaluga region has increased by 1.8 times.
The experimental determination of the diameter of a flat disk in a ridge seeder
Authors: Zykin Evgeny , Kurdyumov Vladimir , Lazutkina Svetlana , Albutov Sergey
Published: December 2020

The article gives an outline of the development of a method for sowing row crops and the design of a ridge seeder for its implementation. The use of the latter makes it possible to carry out the pre-sowing cultivation in one pass, the sowing of seeds in a moist soil layer on a compacted bed. It also helps to form a soil hummock of the required size above the seeds and by rolling the soil hummock from three sides one can finally form a ridge of the soil of the required size and density. The optimal diameter of a flat disc of the working part in the ridge seeder has been theoretically and experimentally substantiated proceeding from the conditions of its reliable rotation in the soil with minimal sliding and rolling resistance, as well as cutting soil clods, weeds and pushing the soil from the inter-row space on to the sown seeds.
Theoretical and experimental substantiation of the amplitude and source of oscillations on a container of an acoustic butter churn
Authors: Lazutkina Svetlana , Zykin Evgeny
Published: December 2020

A method has been developed for butter production and a unit for its practical implementation which makes it possible to use oscillations efficiently at the macro level for the vibration of a container with cream, and at the micro level for the effect of oscillations on milk fat globules until the desired butter granules are obtained. The experimental studies of the proposed butter churn in laboratory conditions have shown that the optimal frequency for churning butter should be 5 Hz. In order to reliably estimate the number of oscillating actuators and their lay-out on the container surface of a butter churn it is necessary to take into account the motion trajectory of the fat globules which can be simple and complex. To ensure the complex motion trajectory of fat globules, a method has been developed for butter production and a unit to implement this method which gives a possibility to use oscillations in the most efficient way at the macro level for the cream container vibration, and at the micro level for the effect of such oscillations on fat globules in order to obtain butter granules. Analysis of the research results showed that butter corresponding to GOST was obtained at a frequency of 5 Hz and an amplitude of oscillations of the cream container in 5 mm.
The process of ultra low-volume seed etching with an experimental device
Authors: Borisova Svetlana M , Papusha Sergey K , Sivovalov Evgeny M
Published: December 2020

The main way to protect plants from diseases and pests is to treat the seed material with pesticides. To achieve maximum efficiency from complex seed treatment, it is necessary to distribute evenly the preparation over the surface of all available seeds. One of the conditions for the operation of the etcher is the ability to connect to the compressor unit and the power network. Studies of the performance of the sprayer depending on the pressure in the pneumatic system of the spraying device and the feed tube diameter have been carried out.
Physical simulation of the faults of starter batteries
Authors: Puzakov A V , Smirnov D A
Published: December 2020

The parameters of the starter battery may degrade during its operation in the vehicle resulting in failures of the consumer units, for example, starter. It is necessary to know the principle of the battery parameters changes during its operation for the purpose of prevention of the battery fault incidence and simplification of the process of their correction. The purpose of the article is the development of the ways of simulation of various faults. This will enable to perform the extensive testing of the battery under laboratory conditions because testing on board would complicate the experiments significantly. The article proposes the ways of simulation of seven the most typical faults of the starter battery. The proposed experiments will make it possible to regulate the battery fault scale manually. This will enable to identify the output parameters of the battery under various conditions, as well as to find the critical points. Discharge of the battery up to 70, 55 and 40% of charge was simulated in the context of the article. Moreover, the results of testing of this battery with the use of discharge tester were presented. Further researches will be devoted to the identification of the battery parameters during simulation of its faults.
Effect of general and local vibration of workplace on driver’s work process and traffic safety of busses «Volgabus»
Authors: Popov A V , Chernova G A , Velikanova M V , Khvan N S
Published: December 2020

In the article there are given results of research of influence of vibration accelerations of a transmission of buses of Municipal Unitarian Enterprise “Volzhskaya №1732 bus depot”on change of vibration of a workplace of the driver. It is determined that the increased vibration in the workplace of the bus driver may depend not only on external facts in the operating conditions on the route, but also on an internal factor - the vibration of the bus transmission elements. These factors worsen the work conditions of drivers and the tension of the work process, cause fatigue and increase the risk of road accidents. Recommendations are given to reduce vibration acceleration in bus transmissions.
Evaluation of the influence of the mode of movement of “Volgabus” buses on the performance of the clutch
Authors: Chernova G A , Popov A V , Moiseev Yu I , Khvan N S
Published: December 2020

The article gives evaluation of the clutch performance of “Volgabus-5270GH” MUE “Volzhskaya №1732 bus depot” based on bus removals with different mileage values. Scheduled maintenance and repair system implies the elimination of bus removals and repair works between MO1 (MO - Maintenance Operations) and MO2. Authors have carried out the analysis of clutch malfunctions. Based on many studies, it has been established that the service life of parts and components of vehicles in kilometers of run, under proper operation, obeys the law of normal distribution. It is defined that untimely bus removals with repair under condition of qualitative manufacturing and timely scheduled maintenance repair (SMR) are also possible under influence of operational factors of a route network of Volzhsky. The analysis of bus movement modes on the main routes and their possible connection with clutch malfunctions has been carried out. The article gives recommendations for increasing the efficiency of bus clutch.
Model for selecting transportation option based on an analysis characteristics of the freight system
Authors: Poltavskaya J O , Lebedeva O A
Published: December 2020

The stable economic situation of the enterprise is determined not only by the minimum process costs, but also by the ability to effectively ensure production distribution. When implementing the distribution of goods, it is necessary to solve issues related to delivery, including choosing the option of transportation to the final consumer. The aim of this study is to establish the influence of the characteristics of freight system on the choice of transportation, which is carried out by participants in the transport process, namely, shippers and carriers. The logit model used to assess the need for transportation of goods based on disaggregated data is analyzed. The utility function includes time, cost of transportation and level of service. The evaluation results showed that the main characteristics of the freight system are of statistical significance and allow to determine the main parameters necessary for the decision-making process at the micro level.
Experimental research of the directional stability characteristics of a passenger car when moving around
Authors: Volokhov A S , Fisenko K S
Published: December 2020

The determination of lateral skid features of passenger car according to road experiment data, with the use of modern diagnostic equipment is described. As the model of a single vehicle with a driven front axle (Bicycle and planar – 4-wheel) used for the comparative analysis of indicators of stability of motion. The stages of the experiment and processing order of received results are shown. The article describes the definition of the characteristics of the wheel lateral withdrawal of a passenger car according to a road experiment using modern diagnostic equipment. The stages of the experiment and the processing order of the results are shown.
Estimation of adequacy of the simulation model of a water-jet propulsion drive of high-speed tracked amphibious vehicles
Authors: Nenashev Pavel , Abdulov Sergey , Taratorkin Alexander
Published: December 2020

There is a research study of the dynamic properties of water jet drives designed both for different high-speed tracked amphibious vehicles types and for various loads. It is within the framework of the problem solving of dynamic loading decrease of high-speed tracked amphibious vehicles water jet drives. To achieve this goal, a mathematical model was synthesized and a simulation model was developed. During experimental studies the validity check of simulation mathematical model of high-speed tracked amphibious vehicles water jet drive operation was carried out. In this regard, various operating modes in specific transients were taken into account.
Snow movers overview
Authors: Belyaeva A A , Evseev K B
Published: December 2020

Arctic exploration requires good transport accessibility to all its areas. Scientists need transport to support their scientific research, vehicles are also required for recreational purposes. Use of different vehicles depends on weather, snow and ice conditions. In the article are reviewed different types of snow movers and given possible prospects for the development of this area.
Improvement of the railway track efficiency by minimizing the rail wear in curves
Authors: Kurhan M , Kurhan D , Novik R , Baydak S , Hmelevska N
Published: December 2020

The article presents the analysis results for the parameters measurements of the rail track and the ratio between values of the vertical and side wears of rails in curves of different radii under different operating conditions. It is shown that the installed elevations of the outer rail do not meet the contemporary requirements in increasing the efficiency of the track while minimizing the rail wear. At the second stage of the research, various sections were examined by type of traction, technical equipment, plan parameters and the longitudinal profile. As an example, the results of calculations are presented in Lviv-Rava-Ruska section as a promising project that can ensure the integration of railway transport in Lviv-Warsaw direction. Analysis of the results obtained with the help of the software package – MoveRW and RWPlan programmes, allowed to determine such a combination of elevations of the outer rail in curves, so that trains of different categories realize the lowest values of cross unbalanced accelerations, which provide the minimum wear of rails in compliance with regulatory requirements for unbalanced acceleration, changing this acceleration in time, elevating speed of a wheel on the removal of the outer rail.