bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vittel macht Platz für die Konkurrenz
Authors: Holst Jens , Varnholt Hendrik
Published: February 2022

Die Nummer zwei für stilles Wasser räumt das Feld: Nestlé stellt Vittel in Deutschland ein und konzentriert sich auf wachsende Marken wie San Pellegrino. Profiteure dürften Konkurrenten wie Danone und Gerolsteiner sein.
Mehr, aber ungerecht
Authors: Himberg Mathias
Published: February 2022

Wenn es nach den Selbstständigen geht, dürfen geringfügig Beschäftigte ab Oktober ruhig 520 statt 450 Euro verdienen. Die Kaufleute stört aber, dass eine feste Kraft in der Regel weniger Netto-Stundenlohn bekommt als ein Minijobber. Mathias Himberg
Förderung bleibt gefragt
Authors: Vetter Bernhard
Published: February 2022

Frankfurt a.M. Die landwirtschaftlichen Förderprogramme der Rentenbank waren auch 2021 gefragt. Wie es mit dem Investitionsprogramm Landwirtschaft bis 2024 weitergeht, entscheidet sich voraussichtlich im Sommer.
Selbstfahrer liegen im Trend
Authors: Dänzer Dieter
Published: February 2022

FRANKFURT a. M. Ab 1. Februar startet in vielen Regionen die Düngesaison – 2022 allerdings unter besonderen Vorzeichen. Da wären zum einen die mengenmäßig nicht ausreichend verfügbaren Mineraldünger und deren exorbitant hohen Preise. Zum anderen steht der nächste Antragszeitraum für Zuschüsse im Rahmen der „Bauernmilliarde“ vor der Tür.
Un reto informativo: Hismedi, la transición española y la historia multimedia
Authors: Magallón Rosa Raúl
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar las nuevas formas de transmisión del pasado y, concretamente, las fuentes digitales de la transición española que configuran la nueva esfera pública digital. Para ello se describe y analiza la base de datos del proyecto Hismedi-Transición a la democracia, con el objetivo de distinguir y cuantificar las diferentes fuentes digitales que forman parte de sus colecciones. En la actualidad, los recursos pueden dividirse en: blogs, documentales en plataformas de vídeo, especiales de medios de comunicación, páginas webs, bases de datos, redes sociales como Twitter o Facebook, portales educativos, boletines y newsletters.
Historia digital y la cuestión de Palestina. Construyendo herramientas para combatir el memoricidio
Authors: Checa Hidalgo Diego , Carvajal Martínez José , Habboob Martos Belén
Published: February 2022

Este artículo analiza algunas de las contribuciones que la historia digital está realizando en la preservación de la memoria histórica y en la construcción de narrativas alternativas que cuestionan los discursos tradicionales sobre la interpretación de los hechos del pasado en el caso de la cuestión palestina. Para ello, partiendo de un marco teórico ubicado en la historia y las humanidades digitales y presentando el contexto de la Nakba palestina y las políticas israelíes de memoricidio que sufre la población palestina, nuestra investigación estudia tres proyectos digitales significativos que pretenden recuperar la memoria de la Nakba y promover la elaboración de narrativas propias palestinas en torno a ella con notable éxito.
Gambaran Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Perubahan Anatomi dan Fisiologis yang Terjadi Selama Kehamilan di Puskesmas Cakranegara Mataram.
Authors: Mawaddah Shohipatul , Daniyati Asri
Published: February 2022

Ibu hamil mengalami perubahan anatomi dan fisiologis yang signifikan selama kehamilan dalam rangka memelihara dan mengakomodasi janin yang sedang berkembang. Perubahan ini dimulai setelah pembuahan dan mempengaruhi setiap sistem organ dalam tubuh.  Bagi sebagian besar ibu yang mengalami kehamilan tanpa komplikasi, perubahan ini hilang setelah kehamilan dengan efek residual yang minimal. Penting untuk memahami perubahan fisiologis normal yang terjadi pada kehamilan karena ini akan membantu membedakan dari adaptasi yang abnormal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis bagaimana gambaran pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang perubahan anatomi dan fisiologi kehamilan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif analitic dengan 30 sampel dari 351 populasi yang terpilih secara acidental sampling. Prosedur analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis dengan nilai signifikansi α = 0,05. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat Chi square  pengetahuan dalam katagori baik (46,7%), umur responden terbanyak ada pada rentang usia 20-35 tahun (96,7%), status tidak bekerja (96,7%) dan paling banyak responden adalah dengan paritas primigravida (66,7%). Uji statistik chi square  menunjukkan bahwa hanya tingkat pendidikan yang memiliki nilai p value = 0,012 < α =0,05 yang artinya bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pendidikan ibu dengan tingkat pengetahuannya. Sementara untuk umur, pekerjaan dan paritas memiliki nilai p value > α =0,05 masing-masing p=0,554; p=0,183; dan p=0,227 yang artinya bahwa umur, pekerjaan dan paritas tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan tingkat pengetahuannya tentang perubahan anatomi dan fisiologi kehamilan. Dari hasil penelitian diharapkan agar informasi atau sosialisasi terkait perubahan anatomi dan fisiologi ibu hamil selalu diinformasikan kepada ibu hamil agar ibu hamil bisa lebih awal mengenali tanda gejala serta bisa mengatasi ketidaknyamanan yang ditimbulkan oleh perubahan tersebut.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan PasienTuberculosis (TB) Dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat di Puskesmas Gunung Sari.
Authors: Radiah Nur , Diansa Tony Fernan , Nufus Lale Syifaun
Published: February 2022

Di puskesmas Gunungsari, prevelensi penyakit Tuberculosis cukup tinggi. Dimana Tuberculosis menempati posisi kedua tertinggi dalam sepuluh penyakit terbanyak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan pasien tuberculosis dengan kepatuhan minum obat di puskesmas gunungsari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif, dan  crossectional study yaitu data yang menyangkut variabel dependen dan independen akan dikumpulkan secara bersamaan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 192 pasien dengan sampel yang didapatkan sebanyak 130 pasien, dan teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah porpusive sampling. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa  pengetahuan pasien tentang Tuberculosis sebagian besar kategori kurang dengan frekuensi  52 orang (40%) dan kepatuhan minum obat sebagian besar  kategori tidak patuh dengan frekuensi 71 orang (54,6%). Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji chi square, Hasil uji statistik yang didapatkan adalah Nilai Signifikansi = 0,000 ( > 0,05) yang berarti Ha diterima yang berarti bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan kepatuhan minum obat pasien hipertensi peserta Prolanis di Puskesmas Gunungsari.
Desenvolvimento Socioeconômico das Remessas de Haitianos Migrantes em Manaus-Brasil
Authors: Fleurima Renel
Published: February 2022

Esse presente trabalho da pesquisa seguiu a lógica do percurso histórico recente dos migrantes internacionais haitianos, desde sua vivência de transformação socioeconômica e política, passando pelas motivações de seu deslocamento para outros países, como República Dominicana, Estados Unidos, Canadá e Brasil, até sua permanência nesses países. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a migração internacional haitiana nas relações de desenvolvimento socioeconômico do Haiti durante de 2005 a 2015. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, tendo como amostras intencionais migrantes haitianos residentes em Manaus-AM. Os procedimentos metodológicos são: revisão bibliográfica, levantamento documental e pesquisa de campo, realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram uma transformação socioeconômica por que passa a família dos migrantes devido às intervenções e à expansão das remessas derivada da diáspora haitiana.
Constituição Econômica de 1988 e sua Ideologia Adotada
Authors: Lelis Davi Augusto Santana de , Clark Giovani , Ursine Ícaro Moreira , Corrêa Leonardo Alves , Nascimento Samuel Pontes do
Published: February 2022

A Constituição brasileira de 1988 adentrou no século XXI ainda jovem, após uma longa ditadura civil-militar entre 1964 a 1985. Frente à sua robusta ideologia adotada nos ditames da ordem econômica constitucional e no pluralismo produtivo dela decorrente, indaga-se: quais foram as contradições entre a dita ideologia constitucional adotada e a realidade social posta na atualidade (vigência e eficácia das normas)? Observa-se como objetivo central do trabalho: descortinar alguns passos históricos e os conflitos na edificação da Constituição Cidadã de 1988, sobretudo sua face econômica e a ideologia adotada. Para responder o questionamento / problema, adotou-se a metodologia bibliográfica, explorando os fatos históricos e jurídicos. Como hipótese, compreende-se que diversos eventos levaram a criação de ideologia econômica constitucional específica (plural), especialmente devido à dialética das lutas entre capital e trabalho, às desigualdades sociais, à força do poder econômico privado e às pressões sociais contra as negações dos direitos da dita maioria da sociedade. Ademais, refletir sobre algumas marcas históricas e os conflitos de interesses da sociedade brasileira é essencial para interpretar e compreender a nossa Constituição de 1988.
Causal influences of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on global dust activities
Authors: Le Thanh , Bae Deg-Hyo
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The dust cycle is an important element of the earth system and further understanding of the main drivers of dust emission, transportation and deposition is necessary. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the main source of interannual climate variability and is likely to influence the dust cycle on a global scale. However, the causal influences of ENSO on dust activities across the globe remain unclear. Here we investigate the response of dust activities to ENSO using output from Coupled Modeling Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) historical simulations during the 1850–2014 period. The analyses consider the confounding impacts of the Southern Annular Mode, the Indian Ocean Dipole, and the North Atlantic Oscillation. Our results show that ENSO is an important driver of dry and wet dust deposition over the Pacific, Indian, Southern, and parts of Atlantic Oceans during 1850–2014. Over continents, ENSO signature is found in America, Australia, parts of Asia, and Africa. Further, ENSO displays significant impacts on dust aerosol optical depth over oceans, implying the controls of ENSO on the concentration and transportation of atmospheric dust. Nevertheless, the results indicate that ENSO is unlikely to exhibit causal impacts on regional dust emissions of major dust sources, suggesting the important role of human influences in igniting local dust availability. While we find high consensus across CMIP6 models in simulating the impacts of ENSO on dust deposition and transportation, there is little agreement between models for the ENSO causal impacts on dust emission. Overall, the results emphasize the important role of ENSO in global dust activities.
New insights on the prevalence of drizzle in marine stratocumulus clouds based on a machine learning algorithm applied to radar Doppler spectra
Authors: Zhu Zeen , Kollias Pavlos , Luke Edward , Yang Fan
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The detection of the early growth of drizzle particles in marine stratocumulus clouds is important for studying the transition from cloud water to rainwater. Radar reflectivity is commonly used to detect drizzle; however, its utility is limited to larger drizzle particles. Alternatively, radar Doppler spectrum skewness has proven to be a more sensitive quantity for the detection of drizzle embryos. Here, a machine-learning (ML) based technique that uses radar reflectivity and skewness for detecting small drizzle particles is presented. Aircraft in-situ measurements are used to develop and validate the ML algorithm. The drizzle detection algorithm is applied to three Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) observational campaigns to investigate the drizzle occurrence in marine boundary layer clouds. It is found that drizzle is far more ubiquitous than previously thought, the traditional radar reflectivity-based approach significantly underestimates the drizzle occurrence, especially in thin clouds with liquid water path lower than 50 gm−2. Furthermore, the drizzle occurrence in marine boundary layer clouds differs among three ARM campaigns, indicating that the drizzle formation which is controlled by the microphysical process is regime-dependent. A complete understanding of the drizzle distribution climatology in marine stratocumulus clouds calls for more observational campaigns and continuing investigations.
Data assimilation of volcanic aerosol observations using FALL3D+PDAF
Authors: Mingari Leonardo , Folch Arnau , Prata Andrew T. , Pardini Federica , Macedonio Giovanni , Costa Antonio
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Modelling atmospheric dispersal of volcanic ash and aerosols is becoming increasingly valuable for assessing the potential impacts of explosive volcanic eruptions on buildings, air quality, and aviation. Management of volcanic risk and reduction of aviation impacts can strongly benefit from quantitative forecasting of volcanic ash. However, an accurate prediction of volcanic aerosol concentrations using numerical modelling relies on proper estimations of multiple model parameters which are prone to errors. Uncertainties in key parameters such as eruption column height and physical properties of particles or meteorological fields represent a major source of error affecting the forecast quality.
The availability of near-real-time geostationary satellite observations with high spatial and temporal resolutions provides the opportunity to improve forecasts in an operational context by incorporating observations into numerical models. Specifically, ensemble-based filters aim at converting a prior ensemble of system states into an analysis ensemble by assimilating a set of noisy observations. Previous studies dealing with volcanic ash transport have demonstrated that a significant improvement of forecast skill can be achieved by this approach.
In this work, we present a new implementation of an ensemble-based data assimilation (DA) method coupling the FALL3D dispersal model and the Parallel Data Assimilation Framework (PDAF). The FALL3D+PDAF system runs in parallel, supports online-coupled DA, and can be efficiently integrated into operational workflows by exploiting high-performance computing (HPC) resources.
Two numerical experiments are considered: (i) a twin experiment using an incomplete dataset of synthetic observations of volcanic ash and (ii) an experiment based on the 2019 Raikoke eruption using real observations of SO2 mass loading.
An ensemble-based Kalman filtering technique based on the local ensemble transform Kalman filter (LETKF) is used to assimilate satellite-retrieved data of column mass loading. We show that this procedure may lead to nonphysical solutions and, consequently, conclude that LETKF is not the best approach for the assimilation of volcanic aerosols. However, we find that a truncated state constructed from the LETKF solution approaches the real solution after a few assimilation cycles, yielding a dramatic improvement of forecast quality when compared to simulations without assimilation.
Identification, monitoring, and reaction kinetics of reactive trace species using time-resolved mid-infrared quantum cascade laser absorption spectroscopy: Development, characterisation, and initial results for the Criegee intermediate CH2OO
Authors: Mir Zara S. , Jamieson Matthew , Greenall Nicholas R. , Seakins Paul W. , Blitz Mark A. , Stone Daniel
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The chemistry and reaction kinetics of reactive species dominate changes to the composition of complex chemical systems, including Earth’s atmosphere. Laboratory experiments to identify reactive species and their reaction products, and to monitor their reaction kinetics and product yields, are key to our understanding of complex systems. In this work we describe the development and characterisation of an experiment using laser flash photolysis coupled with time-resolved mid-infrared (mid-IR) quantum cascade laser (QCL) absorption spectroscopy, with initial results reported for measurements of the infrared spectrum, kinetics, and product yields for the reaction of the CH2OO Criegee intermediate with SO2. The instrument presented has high spectral (< 0.004 cm−1) and temporal (< 5 µs) resolution, and is able to monitor kinetics with a dynamic range to at least 20,000 s−1. Results obtained at 298 K and pressures between 20 and 100 Torr gave a rate coefficient for the reaction of CH2OO with SO2 of (3.83 ± 0.63) × 10−11 cm3 s−1, which compares well to the current IUPAC recommendation of  × 10−11 cm3 s−1. A limit of detection of 4.0 × 10−5, in absorbance terms, can be achieved, which equates to a limit of detection of ~2 × 1011 cm−3 for CH2OO, monitored at 1285.7 cm−1, based on the detection pathlength of (218 ± 20) cm. Initial results, directly monitoring SO3 at 1388.7 cm−1, demonstrate that SO3 is the reaction product for CH2OO + SO2. The use of mid-IR QCL absorption spectroscopy offers significant advantages over alternative techniques commonly used to determine reaction kinetics, such as laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) or ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy owing to the greater number of species to which IR measurements can be applied. There are also significant advantages over alternative IR techniques, such as step-scan FT-IR, owing to the coherence and increased intensity and spectral resolution of the QCL source, and in terms of cost. The instrument described in this work has potential applications in atmospheric chemistry, astrochemistry, combustion chemistry, and in the monitoring of trace species in industrial processes and medical diagnostics.
3D trajectories and velocities of rainfall drops in a multifractal turbulent wind field
Authors: Gires Auguste , Tchiguirinskaia Ioulia , Schertzer Daniel
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Weather radars measure rainfall in altitude whereas hydro-meteorologists are mainly interested in rainfall at ground level. During their fall, drops are advected by the wind which affects the location of the measured field. The governing equation of a rain drop motion relates the acceleration to the forces of gravity and buoyancy along with the drag force. It depends non-linearly on the instantaneous relative velocity between the drop and the local wind; which yields to complex behaviour. Here, the drag force is expressed in a standard way with the help of a drag coefficient expressed as a function of Reynolds number. Corrections accounting for the oblateness of drops greater than 1–2 mm are suggested and validated through comparison of retrieved “terminal fall velocity” (i.e. without wind) with commonly used relationships in the literature. An explicit numerical scheme then is implemented to solve this equation for 3+1D turbulent wind field, and hence analyse the temporal evolution of the velocities and trajectories of rain drops during their fall. It appears that multifractal features of the input wind are simply transferred to drop velocity with an additional fractional integration whose level depends on drop size, and a slight time shift. Using actual high resolution 3D sonic anemometer and a scale invariant approach to simulate realistic fluctuations of wind in space, trajectories of drop of various size falling form 1 500 m are studied. For a strong wind event, drops located within a radar gate in altitude during 5 min are spread on the ground over an area of size few kilometers. Spread for drops of a given diameter are found to cover few radar pixels. Consequences on measurements of hydro-meteorological extremes which are needed to improve resilience of urban areas are discussed.
The influence of mesoscale climate drivers on hypoxia in a fjord-like deep coastal inlet and its potential implications regarding climate change and greenhouse gas production: examining a decade of water quality data
Authors: Maxey Johnathan Daniel , Hartstein Neil David , Mujahid Aazani , Müller Moritz
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Deep coastal inlets are sites of high sedimentation and organic carbon deposition that account for 11 % of the world's organic carbon burial. Australasia's mid to high latitude regions have many such systems. It is important to understand the role of climate forcings in influencing hypoxia and organic matter cycling in these systems, but many such systems, especially in Australasia, remain poorly described. We analysed a decade of in-situ water quality data from Macquarie Harbour, Tasmania, a deep coastal inlet with more than 180,000 tons of organic carbon loading per annum. Monthly dissolved oxygen, total Kjeldhal nitrogen, dissolved organic carbon, and dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations were significantly affected by rainfall patterns. Increased rainfall was correlated to higher organic carbon and nitrogen loading, lower oxygen concentrations in deep basins, and greater oxygen concentrations in surface waters. Most notably, the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) significantly influenced oxygen distribution in the system. High river flow (associated with low SAM index values) impedes deep water renewal as the primary mechanism driving basin water hypoxia. Climate forecasting predicted increased winter rainfall and decreased summer rainfall, which may further exacerbate hypoxia in this system. Currently, the Harbour basins experience frequent (up to 36 % of the time) and prolonged (up to 2 years) oxygen-poor conditions with the potential to promote greenhouse gas (CH4, N2O) production. Increased greenhouse gas production will alter the processing of organic matter entering the system. The increased winter rainfall predicted for the area will potentially increase greenhouse gas emissions due to increased spread and duration of hypoxia in the basins. Further understanding of these systems and how they respond to climate change will improve our estimates of future organic matter cycling (burial vs export) and greenhouse gas production.
Enhancing the accessibility of unified modeling systems: GFDL System for High-resolution prediction on Earth-to-Local Domains (SHiELD) v2021b in a container
Authors: Cheng Kai-Yuan , Harris Lucas M. , Sun Yong Qiang
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Container technology provides a pathway to facilitate easy access
to unified modeling systems and opens opportunities for collaborative model
development and interactive learning. In this paper, we present the
implementation of software containers for the System for High-resolution
prediction on Earth-to-Local Domains (SHiELD), a unified atmospheric model
for weather-to-seasonal prediction. The containerized SHiELD is
cross-platform and easy to install. Flexibility of the containerized SHiELD
is demonstrated as it can be configured as a global, a global–nest, and a
regional model. Bitwise reproducibility is achieved on various x86 systems
tested in this study. Performance and scalability of the containerized
SHiELD are evaluated and discussed.
Attributing decadal climate variability in coastal sea-level trends
Authors: Royston Sam , Bingham Rory J. , Bamber Jonathan L.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Decadal sea-level variability masks longer-term changes due to natural and anthropogenic drivers in short duration records and increases uncertainty in trend and acceleration estimates. When making regional coastal management and adaptation decisions, it is important to understand the drivers of these changes to account for periods of reduced or enhanced sea-level change. The variance in decadal sea-level trends about the global-mean is quantified and mapped around the global coastlines of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans, from historical CMIP6 runs and a high-resolution ocean model forced by reanalysis data. We reconstruct coastal, sea-level trends via linear relationships with climate mode and oceanographic indices. Using this approach, more than one-third of the variability in decadal sea-level trends can be explained by climate indices at 24.6 % to 73.1 % of grid cells located within 25 km of a coast in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. At 10.9 % of the world's coastline, climate variability explains over two-thirds of the decadal sea-level trend. By investigating the steric, manometric and gravitational components of sea-level trend independently, it is apparent that much of the coastal ocean variability is dominated by the manometric signal, the consequence of the open-ocean steric signal propagating on to the continental shelf. Additionally, decadal variability in the GRD signal should not be ignored in the total. There are locations such as the Persian Gulf and African west coast where decadal sea level variability is historically small, that are susceptible to future changes in hydrology and/or ice mass changes that drive intensified regional GRD sea-level change above the global-mean. The magnitude of variance explainable by climate modes quantified in this study infers an enhanced uncertainty on projections of short- to mid-term regional sea-level trend.
Alignment of scanning lidars in offshore wind farms
Authors: Rott Andreas , Schneemann Jörge , Theuer Frauke , Trujillo Quintero Juan José , Kühn Martin
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Long-range Doppler wind lidars are applied more and more for high-resolution areal measurements in and around wind farms.
Proper alignment, or at least knowledge on how the systems are aligned, is of great relevance here. The paper describes in detail two methods that allow a very accurate alignment of a long-range scanning lidar without the use of extra equipment or sensors.
The well-known so-called hard targeting allows a very precise positioning and north alignment of the lidar using the known positions of the surrounding obstacles, e.g. wind turbine towers. Considering multiple hard targets instead of only one with a given position in an optimization algorithm allows us to increase the position information of the lidar device and minimizes the consequences of using erroneous input data.
The method, referred to as sea surface levelling, determines the levelling of the device during offshore campaigns in terms of roll and pitch angles based on distance measurements to the water surface. This is particularly well-suited during the installation of the systems to minimize alignment error from the start, but it can also be used remotely during the measurement campaign for verification purposes.
We applied and validated these methods to data of an offshore measurement campaign, where a commercial long-range scanning lidar was installed on the transition piece platform of a wind turbine.
In addition, we present a model that estimates the quasi-static inclination of the device due to the thrust loading of the wind turbine at different operating conditions.
The results show reliable outcomes with a very high accuracy in the range of 0.02∘ in determining the levelling.
The importance of the exact alignment and the possible applications are discussed in this paper.
In conclusion, these methods are useful tools that can be applied without extra effort and contribute significantly to the quality of successful measurement campaigns.
An Analysis of the Performance of the Council of Common Interest in Post-18th Amendment scenario in Pakistan (2010 to 2020)
Authors: Kamran Naseem, Amna Mahmood, Manzoor Ahmad Naazer
Published: February 2022

The institution of the Council of Common Interest (CCI) was established under Article 153 of the 1973 Constitution. The CCI formulates and regulates policies in relation to the subjects enumerated in the Federal Legislative List (FLL)-II. The 18th Amendment deleted the Concurrent Legislative List (CLL) and also increased the subjects of the FLL-II. The said amendment addressed the CCI and brought changes in its composition and functions. Under the 18th Amendment, the president’s powers related to the CCI were curtailed and powers of the elected prime minister were enhanced. The prime minister is the chairman of the CCI under the amended Article 153-(2-A). The CCI has to meet once in ninety days under the 18th Amendment. This study evaluates the composition, functions, and working of the CCI in post-18th Amendment scenario (2010 to 2020). Adopting the constructivist paradigm of research, qualitative research methodology is utilized for this study. The amended Articles such as 153, 154 and 155 and the meetings of the CCI (2010 to 2020) have been analyzed. It is concluded that improvement has been found in the working of the CCI in post-18th Amendment scenario. Thirty-two meetings of the CCI were held in eleven years (from 2010 to 2020). Furthermore, it is suggested that the Federal Government should not take unilateral decisions in relation to matters highlighted in the FLL-II. The continuity in holding of the meetings of the CCI will strengthen the center-provincial relationship and certainly will be helpful in achieving the goal of a successful federation.
“Rodear lo que se escapa”: la microficción en el entramado de Solo queda saltar, de María Rosa Lojo
Authors: Marques Gracielle
Published: February 2022

En Solo queda saltar (2018), María Rosa Lojo retoma al personaje Isolina, de El libro de las Siniguales y del único Sinigual (2016), y algunos símbolos presentes en Bosque de Ojos (2011), conectando imágenes e historias en una narrativa en expansión que, a su vez, expresa su particular interpretación del mundo fracturado por el exilio republicano gallego en Argentina. El presente trabajo propone una lectura interpretativa del método de composición novelesca desde la producción microficcional, teniendo en cuenta la fractalidad de las formas breves y la dialéctica real/virtual y olvido/memoria para el replanteamiento de su condición de hija de exiliados. Para eso, el estudio se basa en las reflexiones crítico-teóricas de Lauro Zavala (2006), Seligman-Silva (2008), Mariane Berissi (2014) y David Lapoujade (2018), entre otros.
Montevideo ou Une nouvelle Troie: dos finales en pugna
Authors: Bolón Alma
Published: February 2022

La obra de Alexandre Dumas, Une nouvelle Troie, tiene la particularidad de poseer dos finales, los cuales ofrecen dimensiones diferentes de la obra. Como ésta, durante su concepción y publicación, así como sus finales, fueron leídos en París y en Montevideo, es el asunto de este artículo.
Bregando con la voz de su amo. La amante de Gardel de Mayra Santos-Febre.
Authors: De Maeseneer Rita , Milkon Manochak
Published: February 2022

La escritora puertorriqueña Mayra Santos-Febres siempre ha demostrado un gran interés por las manifestaciones de la música popular y más particularmente la caribeña, a la vez que ha sido una gran defensora de la mujer negra. En La amante de Gardel (2015), novela ubicada en Puerto Rico, la protagonista es Micaela Thorné, curandera y primera mujer negra médica, rememora en su lecho de muerte su vida y su romance ficticio en 1935 con Gardel cuyo pasado también es narrado. Opinamos que Mayra Santos-Febres utiliza la figura de Gardel para bregar con varias inquietudes recurrentes en su obra: Gardel como expresión de lo pan-latino, Gardel como mito popular, Gardel y el poder de la voz, Gardel como gramófono de los sin voz, Gardel como ícono masculino que somete a la mujer. Por tanto, la novela ofrece más pistas que la mera explotación comercial de un ícono.
Teatralidad en proceso: la obra de Roberto Arlt
Authors: Sáez Reta Laura
Published: February 2022

El paso de la novela al teatro de Roberto Arlt siempre ha interesado a la crítica literaria. Este trabajo detalla el camino que recorrió el autor en la transición de un género a otro y repasa las principales teorías que intentan explicar los motivos de este cambio, para hablar, después, de la presencia de la teatralidad en toda su obra; de las conexiones de su narrativa con la tradición teatral argentina; del origen de su dramaturgia en relación al proyecto del Teatro del Pueblo; y, por último, de la narratividad de sus últimas obras
Mímesis y tiempo en “El inmortal” de Jorge Luís Borges
Authors: Girbal Edmon
Published: February 2022

. El presente trabajo aborda, de entrada, dos modulaciones distintas de la mímesis literaria presentes en “El inmortal”: la mímesis como proceder estético, como modo de escribir e inscribir la realidad en el texto (plano significante, I), pero también como principio fundamental del quehacer literario borgiano, cuya escritura es, muy a menudo, la reescritura de los varios centros y sus periferias del canon literario occidental (plano del significado, II). El tercer y último apartado (III) examina la problematización del concepto de tiempo que Borges lleva a cabo en su cuento, argumentando que en él se textualiza una temporalidad híbrida, a caballo entre el tiempo cíclico del mito y el tiempo teleológico propio del discurso religioso pero sin atender a las bondades de ninguno de ellos (la concepción cíclica del tiempo como negación del cambio o la conquista de la inmortalidad tras la vida terrenal) y postulando una metafísica de la inmortalidad como castigo o negación de la vida.
Financial education in the digital age: analysis of related policies
Authors:   Ion Creanga Pedagogical State University, Republic of Moldova, Sabau Lidia
Published: February 2022

Financial education, from the perspective of existing policies and strategies, should be studied from an early age so as to encourage responsible financial behavior of future adults. Governments’ strategies are to place this type of education in the realm of the national interest, so that practicing financial skills online can greatly improve the attitudes of young generations in real life regarding the efficient management of money. The author of this paper has analyzed these strategies in order to outline the perspectives of several countries in this direction and to summarize the benefits of educational policies.
Welcome to the Journal of Electronic Theses and Dissertations (J-ETD)
Authors:   Virginia Tech University, Fox Edward
Published: February 2022

On behalf of the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD; see our website with multiple aliases: ndltd.org, theses.org, dissertations.org), I welcome you to the first volume of J-ETD. Now is the time to broadly share through an archival journal some of the most interesting discussions related to the global movement around ETDs. We hope you will find this journal to be of interest, and will spread the word that it is globally accessible as an open access archival forum empowering graduate student researchers and universities to broadly contribute to scholarship, knowledge, education, and understanding. We hope you and your associates will use the articles contained herein to help students, researchers, scholars, administrators, librarians, archivists, publishers, and diverse others to expand and improve learning and scholarly communication. We also encourage you and your colleagues to contribute your works and thoughts to this endeavor, or to offer your assistance in other ways, e.g., if you have interest and skill for reviewing or publicity.
SISTEM HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Riadi Holan
Published: February 2022

Hukum keluarga secara garis besar merupakan hukum yang bersumber pada pertalian kekeluargaan. Pertalian kekeluargaan ini dapat terjadi karena pertalian darah, ataupun terjadi karena adanya sebuah perkawinan. Hubungan keluarga sangat penting karena ada sangkut pautnya dengan hubungan anak dan orang tua, hukum waris, perwalian dan pengampuan. Pada dasarnya sumber hukum keluarga dapat dibedakan menjadi dua macam, yaitu sumber hukum tertulis dan tidak tertulis. Sumber hukum keluarga tertulis adalah sumber hukum yang berasal dari berbagai peraturan perundangundangan, yurisprudensi, dan traktat. Sedangkan sumber hukum tak tertulis adalah sumber hukum yang tumbuh dan berkembang dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Dengan demikian, dalam Hukum Keluarga Islam di Indonesia memberikan kepastian hukum yang jelas bagi para keluarga muslim. Tujuannya untuk dijadikan pedoman hukum bagi setiap keluarga di kedua negara ini.
Fajar Penanda Awal Waktu Shubuh dan Puasa
Authors: Fuadi Lutfi
Published: February 2022

Dalam menjalankan shalat, umat muslim tidak boleh asal-asalan waktunya, karena shalat merupakan ibadah yang telah ditentukan waktu dan caranya (kitaban mauqutan). Dizaman sekarang, kita tidak kesulitan mengetahui waktu shalat, dikarenakan adanya jadwal waktu shalat. Jadwal waktu shalat yang beredar kesemuanya merupakan hasil dari penelitian atas fenomena fajar. Fajar terbagi menjadi 2, yakni Fajar Kadzib dan Fajar Shadiq; Fajar Kadzib ialah fajar yang mempunyai bentuk seperti ekor srigala yang terlihat memanjang keatas, lalu Fajar Shadiq ialah cahaya pagi yang bersinar di ufuk timur saat akan terbitnya Matahari.

Secara astronomi nilai ketinggian fajar ini terbagi menjadi tiga; 1) Fajar Astronomi, 2) Fajar Nautika dan 3) Fajar Sipil. Fajar Astronomi ialah keadaan munculnya hamburan cahaya Matahari oleh atmosfer Bumi, posisi Matahari berada di 18° dibawah ufuk; Fajar Nautika ialah ketampakan ufuk bagi para pelaut, yakni saat Matahari berada di 12° dibawah ufuk; dan Fajar Sipil ialah ketampakan benda-benda di sekitar kita secara jelas, yakni saat Matahari berada di 6° dibawah ufuk.

Di Indonesia, fajar sebagai penanda awal waktu shubuh menggunakan kriteria 20° dibawah ufuk (1 jam lebih 20 menit) sebelum Matahari terbit, ini dipilih oleh BHR Kemenag RI sebagai awal munculnya fajar.
MAQASID AL-SHARI‘AH DALAM USIA PERKAWINAN
Authors: Holik Abd
Published: February 2022

Perkawinan merupakan sebuah hal yang sakral dalam pandangan islam, kesakralan ini tercermin dari banyaknya aturan dan syarat yang harus dipenuhi dalam pelaksanaan perkawinan seperti: ijab-kabul, mahar, wali dan saksi dalam perkawinan. Seiring berkembangnya zaman empat dasar tersebut dirasa masih kurang dalam mencover dan menjamin tujuan perkawinan agar tercapai. Sehingga banyak ulama-ulama fikih yang memberikan syarat tambahan terkait dengan perkawinan. Begitu pula dalam tulisan ini penulis berpendapat bahwa syarat perkawinan hendaknya ditambah dengan persyaratan batas usia, dikarenakan banyaknyaknya fenomena yang terjadi di masyarakat terkait praktik perkawinan dini yang berujung kepada perceraian. Inilah tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk memperjelas tujuan syariah dalam pembatasan usia perkawinan serta menjawab berapa usia ideal perkawinan menurut syariah.
Pernikahan Sirri Dengan Akad Madzhab Hanafi Dalam Menanggulangi Perilaku Seks Pra Nikah
Authors: Azis Abdul , Arifa Laily Nur
Published: February 2022

Pernikahan sirri, atau yang biasa juga disebut pernikahan bawah tangan, adalah pernikahan yang dilakukan secara diam-diam atau tersembunyi (secret marriage) tanpa diketahui atau tercatat di lembaga negara. Sedangkan pernikahan dengan menggunakan akad Madzhab Hanafi, ialah pernikahan dengan ketentuan syarat dan rukun yang ditentukan oleh Madzhab Hanafi. Perbedaan paling mencolok dibanding dengan madzhab lain adalah tentang kebolehan bagi perempuan untuk menikahkan dirinya sendiri tanpa adanya wali.  Pernikahan jenis ini yang kemudian banyak terjadi di kalangan mahasiswa.

Pernikahan sirri dengan menggunakan madzhab Hanafi telah banyak dilakukan oleh mahasiswa kota Malang dengan dalih untuk menghindari zina dan seks bebas. Pernikahan jenis ini terjadi tanpa sepengetahuan wali dan orangttua masing-masing mempelai. Setelah menikah, pola hubungan suami-istri ini nambah biasa dan berjalan sama seperti sebelum  terjadi pernikahan, kecuali masalah hubungan intim yang dilakukan secara rutin dan tersembunyi di rumah kost. Nafkah juga tidak menjadi tuntutan bagi suami, namun istri harus siap jika dipanggil untuk melakukan kewajiban ‘badaniyah’. Sayangnya, beberapa informan justru menggunakan pernikahan ini sebagai legitimasi hukum Islam atas petualangan seksual dan rasa penasaran jiwa remaja mereka. Salah satu contoh adalah adanya poligami dan perceraian yang terjadi dengan alasan yang sebenarnya tidak mendesak untuk dipenuhi. Sejujurnya, menurut peneliti, pernikahan ini terjadi justru dengan mengesampingkan makna agung dari pernikahan itu sendiri dan hanya berfungsi sebagai legalitas dalam menghindari dosa akibat zina

 

Kata Kunci: Pernikahan Sirri, Madzhab Hanafi, Seks Pranikah
PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM MENYIKAPI DAMPAK PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI BAGI ANAK
Authors: Zubaidi Ahmad , Hambali Hambali , Hafita Sania Nur
Published: February 2022

This study aims to analyze and examine the role of parents in responding to the development of technology for children. This research method uses a case study approach in Pakuniran Village, Pakuniran District, Probolinggo Regency. Collecting data used by means of surveys, interviews, and documentation. While the data analysis techniques were carried out using data collection, data editing, data presentation and conclusion of research results. The results of this study state that the role of parents in dealing with increasingly sophisticated technological developments is by: understanding all applications on gadgets, providing educational rewards, and providing intensive supervision and assistance. It was found that there is a need for intensive supervision and assistance from parents to reduce and prevent the negative impact of gadgets on children.
Tax Planning and Tax Obligations at Indonesian Private Company
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Bhayangkara Surabaya, Indonesia, Rosyafah Siti
Published: February 2022

Tax is one of the establishment segments of state income, in order to guarantee progression of financing national improvement. In a business, charge may be a source takes a toll without accepting quick remunerate. Hence, we require an arrangement for companies to discover ways to streamline the charge and one of the ways utilized is through assessment arranging. The reason for this study is to decide the degree of charge arranging through worker welfare to minimize the charging burden on Indonesian private companies. This sort of research is expressive. Information got by utilizing documentation and interviews. The information investigation utilized is qualitative approach. The result appeared kind of assess arranging through representative welfare of the company can streamline the sum of assessing payable, from the company by recognizing as a cost the taken a toll representative welfare operations. The administration of PT. Domas Perkasa should apply tax arranging through representative welfare to play down of company charge burden. Keywords: Tax Planning, Employee Welfare, Company Efficiency
About weakly Bézout rings
Authors: El Alaoui Haitham , Mouanis Hakima
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we examine the transfer of the proprety weakly Bézout to the trivial ring extensions. These results provide examples of weakly Bézout rings that are not Bézout rings. We show that the proprety weakly Bézout is not stable under finite direct products. Also, the class of 2- Bézout rings and class of coherent rings are not comparable with the class of weakly Bézout rings.
A note on constructing and enumerating of magic squares
Authors: Oboudi Mohammad Reza
Published: February 2022

Let $n\geq1$ be an integer. A magic square of order $n$ is a square table $n\times n$, say $A$, filled with distinct positive numbers $1,2,\ldots,n^2$ such that all cells of $A$ are distinct and the sum of the numbers in each row, column and diagonal is equal.Let $M(n,s)$ be the set of all $n\times n$ $(0,1)$-matrices, say $T$, such that the number of $1$ in every row and every column of $T$ is $s$.In this paper for every positive integer $k$ we find a new way for constructing magic squares of order $4k$. We show that the number of magic squares of order $4k$ is at least $|M(2k,k)|$. In particular we show that the number of magic squares of order $4k$ is at least $\frac{{2k \choose k}^2}{2}$.
The need for early diagnosis of tuberculosis in infancy and toddlerhood
Authors:   Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, Russian Federation, Kiselevich Olga , Kobulashvili Maria ,   Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, Russian Federation, Abramchenco Anna ,   Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, Russian Federation, Vlasova Elena ,   Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Tuberculosis Control, Russian Federation
Published: February 2022

The topicality of this work consists in the fact that even at the present time one of the significant problems in pediatrics remains tuberculosis in infancy and toddlerhood. And today, in spite of successful preventive work at all levels, the proportion of young children in the structure of tuberculosis in children and adolescents prevails. Such patients require a special approach to treatment and prevention of the disease. Timely diagnosis often leads to a quick and complete cure.
Validation of Dosimetric Comissioning Accuracy of IMRT for Versa HD Linear Accelerator with AAPM TG-119 protocol
Authors: Bykova Yu. B. , Khramtsova N. I. , Shuvaev I. I. , Zaitseva N. A. , Plavnik R. N.
Published: February 2022

Purpose: Verification of the IMRT prior to the introduction the new Versa HD (Elekta) Linac into operation using test examples given in the AAPM TG-119 report.

Materials and methods: The verification of plans created both on the basis of the dose prescriptions given in the AAPMTG-119 report and on the basis of the constraints used in the NMRRC was made. The

plans were verified using a matrix of ionization chambers (MatriXX Evolution) placed in a mini Phantom

(IBA Dosimetry), using gamma criteria of 3 %/3 mm and 3 %/2 mm at a dose threshold of 10 %. In addition to checking the coincidence of the calculated and measured dose distribution in the plane, a

comparison of the dose at the point calculated in the Monaco planning system (Elekta) and measured

by the CC13 ionization chamber (0.13 cm3

, Iba Dosimetry) inside the PTV and in the organ at risk was

carried out.

Results: The difference in the dose measured by the ionization chamber and calculated in the planning

system was less than 2 %, and correlates well with the results of accredited clinics. The measured dose

distribution in the plane well (97-100 % of the points) coincided with the calculated one for all localizations. An exception was the test case with several targets, in which the assessment was carried out

according to the 3 %/2 mm gamma criterion.

Conclusions: The results obtained when testing IMRT according to the protocol described in the AAPM

TG-119 report, can be used to compare their results with the results of other accredited clinics.
Heterogeneity in the Effects of Group Lending in Microfinance-The Case of Mongolia
Authors: Ishii Takaharu
Published: February 2022

This study examines the heterogeneity of the effects of the joint and several liability systems of microfinance in Mongolia. The heterogeneity was examined from three perspectives: consumption, repayment rate, and income.
In terms of business income and business expenditure, the older the household, the greater the number of loans, and the more private businesses the household owns, the greater the business expenditure. For household consumption, there is no difference between group and individual lending except in the number of private businesses, but when we restrict the analysis to food consumption, group lending increases food consumption more for households with more than one borrower and borrowers with longer borrowing periods. While more variable heterogeneity was found for the whole sample, only age and borrowing duration were found to affect household income across different types of microfinance for the poorest households with below median household income. The results of this study suggest that even if there was no significant difference in each attribute between the treatment and control groups, joint and several liabilities may or may not be effective depending on the level of the attribute. To maximize the effect of a simple measure, it is important to understand the factors that affect heterogeneity and the effective level of the heterogeneity. Even if a measure is not effective, it may become effective if the level of the attribute changes.