bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Context-Aware User-Item Representation Learning for Item Recommendation
Authors: Wu Libing , Quan Cong , Li Chenliang , Wang Qian , Zheng Bolong , Luo Xiangyang
Published: January 2019

Both reviews and user-item interactions (i.e., rating scores) have been widely adopted for user rating prediction. However, these existing techniques mainly extract the latent representations for users and items in an independent and static manner. That is, a single static feature vector is derived to encode user preference without considering the particular characteristics of each candidate item. We argue that this static encoding scheme is incapable of fully capturing users’ preferences, because users usually exhibit different preferences when interacting with different items. In this article, we propose a novel
c
ontext-
a
ware user-item
r
epresentation
l
earning model for rating prediction, named CARL. CARL derives a joint representation for a given user-item pair based on their individual latent features and latent feature interactions. Then, CARL adopts Factorization Machines to further model higher order feature interactions on the basis of the user-item pair for rating prediction. Specifically, two separate learning components are devised in CARL to exploit review data and interaction data, respectively:
review-based feature learning
and
interaction-based feature learning
. In the review-based learning component, with convolution operations and attention mechanism, the pair-based relevant features for the given user-item pair are extracted by jointly considering their corresponding reviews. However, these features are only reivew-driven and may not be comprehensive. Hence, an interaction-based learning component further extracts complementary features from interaction data alone, also on the basis of user-item pairs. The final rating score is then derived with a dynamic linear fusion mechanism. Experiments on seven real-world datasets show that CARL achieves significantly better rating prediction accuracy than existing state-of-the-art alternatives. Also, with the attention mechanism, we show that the pair-based relevant information (i.e., context-aware information) in reviews can be highlighted to interpret the rating prediction for different user-item pairs.
How Can Affect Be Detected and Represented in Technological Support for Physical Rehabilitation?
Authors: Olugbade Temitayo A. , Singh Aneesha , Bianchi-Berthouze Nadia , Marquardt Nicolai , Aung Min S. H. , Williams Amanda C. De C.
Published: January 2019

Although clinical best practice suggests that affect awareness could enable more effective technological support for physical rehabilitation through personalisation to psychological needs, designers need to consider what affective states matter, and how they should be tracked and addressed. In this article, we set the standard by analysing how the major affective factors in chronic pain (pain, fear/anxiety, and low/depressed mood) interfere with everyday physical functioning. Further, based on discussion of the modality that should be used to track these states to enable technology to address them, we investigated the possibility of using movement behaviour to automatically detect the states. Using two body movement datasets on people with chronic pain, we show that movement behaviour enables very good discrimination between two emotional distress levels (F1=0.86), and three pain levels (F1=0.9). Performance remained high (F1=0.78 for two pain levels) with a reduced set of movement sensors. Finally, in an overall discussion, we suggest how technology-provided encouragement and awareness can be personalised given the capability to automatically monitor the relevant states, towards addressing the barriers that they pose. In addition, we highlight movement behaviour features to be tracked to provide technology with information necessary for such personalisation.
How UX Practitioners Produce Findings in Usability Testing
Authors: Reeves Stuart
Published: January 2019

Usability testing has long been a core interest of HCI research and forms a key element of industry practice. Yet our knowledge of it harbours striking absences. There are few, if
any
detailed accounts of the contingent, material ways in which usability testing is
actually practiced
. Further, it is rare that industry practitioners’ testing work is treated as indigenous and particular (instead subordinated as a ‘compromised’ version). To service these problems, this article presents an ethnomethodological study of usability testing practices in a design consultancy. It unpacks how findings are
produced
in and as the work of observers analysing the test as it unfolds between moderators taking participants through relevant tasks. The study nuances conventional views of usability findings as straightforwardly ‘there to be found’ or ‘read off’ by competent evaluators. It explores how evaluators/observers collaboratively work to locate relevant troubles in the test's unfolding. However, in the course of doing this work, potential candidate troubles may also routinely be dissipated and effectively ‘ignored’ in one way or another. The implications of the study suggest refinements to current understandings of usability evaluations, and affirm the value to HCI in studying industry practitioners more deeply.
Sodium Channels in Human Pain Disorders: Genetics and Pharmacogenomics
Authors: Dib-Hajj Sulayman D. , Waxman Stephen G.
Published: January 2019

Acute pain is adaptive, but chronic pain is a global challenge. Many chronic pain syndromes are peripheral in origin and reflect hyperactivity of peripheral pain-signaling neurons. Current treatments are ineffective or only partially effective and in some cases can be addictive, underscoring the need for better therapies. Molecular genetic studies have now linked multiple human pain disorders to voltage-gated sodium channels, including disorders characterized by insensitivity or reduced sensitivity to pain and others characterized by exaggerated pain in response to normally innocuous stimuli. Here, we review recent developments that have enhanced our understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms in human pain and advances in targeting sodium channels in peripheral neurons for the treatment of pain using novel and existing sodium channel blockers.
Open-circuit Voltage Anomalies in Yttria-stabilized Zirconia and Samaria-doped Ceria Bilayered Electrolytes (Considering Jarzynski’s Equality in Wagner’s Equation)
Authors: Miyahita Tomofumi
Published: January 2019

The OCV (open-circuit voltage) using SDC (samaria-doped ceria) electrolytes is explained by Wagner’s equation. According to this theory, even if there is no external current, there are two internal currents created by electrons and oxygen ions. Due to the ohmic loss caused by the internal ionic short-circuit current, the OCV is 0.80 V, which is lower than the theoretical voltage of 1.15 V. Coating a thin electron-blocking layer of YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia) onto the SDC electrolyte improves the OCV. However, while YSZ films deposited on the anode side are very effective, but YSZ films deposited on the cathode side are not nearly as effective as those deposited on the anode side. Thus, we proposed experiments to confirm whether electronic leakage currents can be blocked by YSZ films deposited on the cathode side. A polished YSZ electrolyte (500 m thickness) on the cathode side and a polished SDC electrolyte (970 m) on the anode side were physically contacted. By measuring the transient process, we showed that a high OCV (819 mV) was not due to stopping the electronic leakage current. Using Jarzynski’s equality, we explained the voltage loss (0.35 V) during ion hopping in SDC electrolytes.
G protein-coupled receptor trafficking and signaling: new insights into the enteric nervous system
Authors: Carbone Simona E. , Veldhuis Nicholas A. , Gondin Arisbel B. , Poole Daniel P.
Published: January 2019

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are essential for the neurogenic control of gastrointestinal (GI) function and are important and emerging therapeutic targets in the gut. Detailed knowledge of both the distribution and functional expression of GPCRs in the enteric nervous system (ENS) is critical toward advancing our understanding of how these receptors contribute to GI function during physiological and pathophysiological states. Equally important, but less well defined, is the complex relationship between receptor expression, ligand binding, signaling, and trafficking within enteric neurons. Neuronal GPCRs are internalized following exposure to agonists and under pathological conditions, such as intestinal inflammation. However, the relationship between the intracellular distribution of GPCRs and their signaling outputs in this setting remains a “black box”. This review will briefly summarize current knowledge of agonist-evoked GPCR trafficking and location-specific signaling in the ENS and identifies key areas where future research could be focused. Greater understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in regulating GPCR signaling in the ENS will provide new insights into GI function and may open novel avenues for therapeutic targeting of GPCRs for the treatment of digestive disorders.
High-intensity intermittent training is as effective as moderate continuous training, and not deleterious, in cardiomyocyte remodeling of hypertensive rats
Authors: Krzesiak A. , Cognard C. , Sebille S. , Carré G. , Bosquet L. , Delpech N.
Published: January 2019

Exercise training offers possible nonpharmacological therapy for cardiovascular diseases including hypertension. High-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) training has been shown to have as much or even more beneficial cardiovascular effect in patients with cardiovascular diseases than moderate-intensity continuous exercise (CMIE) training. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the two types of training on cardiac remodeling of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) induced by hypertension. Eight-week-old male SHR and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were divided into four groups: normotensive and hypertensive control (WKY and SHR-C) and hypertensive trained with CMIE (SHR-T CMIE) or HIIE (SHR-T HIIE). After 8 wk of training or inactivity, maximal running speed (MRS), arterial pressure, and heart weight were all assessed. CMIE or HIIE protocols not only increased final MRS and left ventricular weight/body weight ratio but also reduced mean arterial pressure compared with sedentary group. Then, left ventricular tissue was enzymatically dissociated, and isolated cardiomyocytes were used to highlight the changes induced by physical activity at morphological, mechanical, and molecular levels. Both types of training induced restoration of transverse tubule regularity, decrease in spark site density, and reduction in half-relaxation time of calcium transients. HIIE training, in particular, decreased spark amplitude and width, and increased cardiomyocyte contractility and the expression of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase and phospholamban phosphorylated on serine 16.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY High-intensity intermittent exercise training induces beneficial remodeling of the left ventricular cardiomyocytes of spontaneously hypertensive rats at the morphological, mechanical, and molecular levels. Results also confirm, at the cellular level, that this type of training, as it appears not to be deleterious, could be applied in rehabilitation of hypertensive patients.
Early onset of airway derecruitment assessed using the forced oscillation technique in subjects with asthma
Authors: Nilsen Kris , Thien Francis , Thamrin Cindy , Ellis Matt J. , Prisk G. Kim , King Gregory G. , Thompson Bruce R.
Published: January 2019

Derecruitment of air spaces in the lung occurs when airways close during exhalation and is related to ventilation heterogeneity and symptoms in asthma. The forced oscillation technique has been used to identify surrogate measures of airway closure via the reactance (Xrs) versus lung volume relationship. This study used a new algorithm to identify derecruitment from the Xrs versus lung volume relationship from a slow vital capacity maneuver. We aimed to compare two derecruitment markers on the Xrs versus volume curve, the onset reduction of Xrs (DR1vol) and the onset of more rapid reduction of Xrs (DR2vol), between control and asthmatic subjects. We hypothesized that the onset of DR1vol and DR2vol occurred at higher lung volume in asthmatic subjects. DR1vol and DR2vol were measured in 18 subjects with asthma and 18 healthy controls, and their relationships with age and height were examined using linear regression. In the control group, DR1vol and DR2vol increased with age ( r2 = 0.68, P < 0.001 and r2 = 0.71, P < 0.001, respectively). DR1vol and DR2vol in subjects with asthma [76.58% of total lung capacity (TLC) and 56.79%TLC, respectively] were at higher lung volume compared with control subjects (46.1 and 37.69%TLC, respectively) ( P < 0.001). DR2vol correlated with predicted values of closing capacity ( r = 0.94, P < 0.001). This study demonstrates that derecruitment occurs at two points along the Xrs-volume relationship. Both derecruitment points occurred at significantly higher lung volumes in subjects with asthma compared with healthy control subjects. This technique offers a novel way to measure the effects of changes in airways/lung mechanics.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study demonstrates that the forced oscillation technique can be used to identify two lung volume points where lung derecruitment occurs: 1) where derecruitment is initiated and 2) where onset of rapid derecruitment commences. Measurements of derecruitment increase with age. The onset of rapid derecruitment was highly correlated with predicted closing capacity. Also, the initiation and rate of derecruitment are significantly altered in subjects with asthma.
A Case of a Persistent Postoperative Infection Caused by Multidrug-ResistantKluyvera ascorbatain the Oral and Maxillofacial Region
Authors: Zou Si-Hai , Zhu Lu-Ying , Li Yong , Zhang Fu-Gui
Published: January 2019

Introduction.Kluyvera ascorbatainfection is rare, but it has been extensively studied because of its potential to cause a wide range of infections and its ability to transfer the gene encoding for CTX-M-type extended spectrumβ-lactamases (ESBLs) to other Enterobacteriaceae.Case Presentation. The authors report a case of a 61-year-old Chinese male with a persistent postoperative infection caused by a multidrug-resistant ESBL-producingK. ascorbata. Following antimicrobial susceptibility testing, he was aggressively treated with gentamicin and levofloxacin with a favorable outcome.Conclusion. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a persistent postoperative infection caused by a multidrug-resistantK. ascorbatain the oral and maxillofacial region. The authors suggest thatK. ascorbatainfection warrants prompt identification and aggressive antibiotic management, given that ESBL-producingK. ascorbatais resistant to penicillins and first-generation to third-generation cephalosporins.
CD4+ T Cells Affect the Thyroid Hormone Transport at the Choroid Plexus in Mice Raised in Enriched Environment
Authors: Zarif Hadi , Paquet Agnès , Lebrigand Kevin , Arguel Marie-Jeanne , Heurteaux Catherine , Glaichenhaus Nicolas , Chabry Joëlle , Guyon Alice , Petit-Paitel Agnès
Published: January 2019

Background: Others and we have shown that T cells have an important role in hippocampal synaptic plasticity, including neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus, spinogenesis, and glutamatergic synaptic function in the CA of the hippocampus. Hippocampus plasticity is particularly involved in the brain effects of the enriched environment (EE), and interestingly CD4+ and CD8+ T cells play essential and differential roles in these effects. However, the precise mechanisms by which they act on the brain remain elusive. Objectives: We searched for a putative mechanism of action by which CD4+ T cells could influence brain plasticity and hypothesized that they could regulate protein transport at the level of the blood-CSF barrier in the choroid plexus. Method: We compared mice housed in EE and deprived of CD4+ T cells using a depleting antibody with a control group injected with the control isotype. We analyzed in the hippocampus the gene expression profiles using the Agilent system, and the expression of target proteins in plasma, CSF, and the choroid plexus using ELISA. Results: We show that CD4+ T cells may influence EE-induced hippocampus plasticity via thyroid hormone signaling by regulating in the choroid plexus the expression of transthyretin, the major transporter of thyroxine (T4) to the brain parenchyma. Conclusions: Our study highlights the contribution of close interactions between the immune and neuroendocrine systems in brain plasticity and function.
Optimal Management of Undescended Testis in Boys with Cerebral Palsy. A Debate
Authors: Springer Alexander
Published: January 2019

Cerebral palsy is a rare condition following injury of the developing brain and including nonprogressive neurological disorders, spasticity, intellectual impairment and others. Boys with cerebral palsy have a high incidence of undescended testis. Although the motives for treatment (infertility, cancer prevention, psychological aspects, testicular torsion) are not different in boys without neurological impairment, the decision-making process in boys with cerebral palsy is very difficult. Besides medical and surgical arguments the discussion involves challenging ethical issues.
ЯКІСНА ТА КІЛЬКІСНА ОЦІНКА ВМІСТУ КОЛАГЕНУ I і III ТИПІВ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ З ДЕФЕКТАМИ ПОКРИВНИХ ТКАНИН ТУЛУБА ТА КІНЦІВОК ПІСЛЯ ТРАВМИ
Authors: Ponomarenko E. V. , Kovalenko I. S.
Published: January 2019

Мета роботи: вивчити особливості експресії та накопичення колагену I і III типів в зразках шкіри у пацієнтів з дефектами покривних тканин тулуба та кінцівок після травми. 

Матеріали і методи: Комплексне патоморфологічне дослідження 60 хворих було виконано на біопсійно-операційному матеріалі фрагментів шкіри з параранової зони дефекту.

Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. При мікроскопічному дослідженні зразків шкіри з параранової зони дефектів у всіх групах хворих виявили потоншення епідермального пласту з відсутністю нормального хвилястоподібного дермально - епідермального з'єднання, надмірним накопиченням колагену в усіх дермальних прошарках у вигляді паралельно орієнтованих окремих і зібраних в пучки фібрил у поверхневих відділах та безсистемно розташованих більш товстих колагенових пучків в глибоких шарах дерми, між якими знаходились скупчення фібробластів. В зразках шкіри пацієнтів II та III групи постраждалих встановили статистично достовірну різницю між показниками відносної площі накопичення колагенів І і ІІІ типів (Т=675; р=0,005 і Т=697; р=0,033 відповідно). У пацієнтів III і IV груп при аналізі зв'язків із використанням критерію рангової кореляції Спірмена спостерігали прямий помірної сили зв'язок між площами депонування колагенів І і ІІІ типів (rs=0,52 і 0,54).

Висновок. Визначення репаративних можливостей шкіри у пацієнтів з дефектами покривних тканин травматичного генезу  має значення для вибору методу реконструкції ранової поверхні.
Патоморфологічні зміни в яснах наркозалежних пацієнтів із дистрофічно-запальними захворюваннями тканин пародонта
Authors: Fedun I. R.
Published: January 2019

Вплив наркотичних речовин на тканини пародонта залишається не до кінця висвітленим. Дослідження патоморфологічних змін у тканинах пародонта дає змогу простежити ступінь поширення патологічного процесу внаслідок дії наркотичних засобів.

Мета дослідження – вивчити патоморфологічні зміни у яснах наркозалежних хворих на генералізований пародонти (ГП).

Матеріали і методи. Мікроскопічно досліджено тканини міжзубного сосочка та маргінальної частини ясен 23 наркозалежних хворих на ГП, 20 ненаркозалежних пацієнтів із ГП та 5 осіб з інтактними тканинами пародонта. Отриманий матеріал просочували парафіном, робили зрізи товщиною 8 мкм та фарбували гематоксиліном та еозином.

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. У ненаркозалежних хворих на ГП початкового–І ступенів найчастіше спостерігали паракератоз. При запальному процесі у слизовій оболонці наркозалежних хворих на ГП початкового–І ступенів зернистий шар відсутній повністю або частково та виражені явища гіперкератозу. Для ненаркозалежнених пацієнтів із ГП ІІ ступеня розвиток дистрофічного процесу супроводжувався явищами гіперкератозу, а також акантозу. Ці ж зміни були наявні й у слизовій оболонці наркозалежних хворих на ГП ІІ ступеня, однак до них приєднувались явища вакуольної та балонної дистрофій та поліморфно-клітинної інфільтрації серед клітин епітеліального пласта та у глибших шарах. Незначні ексудативні зміни у вигляді периваскулярних інфільтратів виявляли у ненаркозалежнених пацієнтів із ГП ІІІ ступеня. У наркозалежних з ГП ІІІ ступеня спостерігали явища деформації у власній пластинці слизової оболонки. Високий рівень клітинного проліферату та виражений спонгіоз свідчили про тяжкість патологічних змін.

Висновки. При розвитку ГП ІІ ступеня у яснах наркозалежних хворих спостерігали явища балонної дистрофії, на відміну від ГП початкового–І ступенів, а при ГП ІІІ ступеня додавалась деформація власної пластинки, виражений спонгіоз та високий рівень клітинного проліферату. При порівнянніі патогістологічних зміну слизовій оболонці ясен наркозалежних хворих мали більш виражений деструктивний характер, ніж у ненаркозалежних.
Критерії діагностики та принципи планування конструкції покривного протеза у пацієнтів із поодиноко збереженими зубами на нижній щелепі
Authors: Bratus-Hrynkiv R. R.
Published: January 2019

Часткова втрата зубів і пов’язані з нею функціональні розлади безпосередньо впливають на якість життя пацієнтів та їх психоемоційний стан, тому актуальною проблемою ортопедичної стоматології є своєчасне відновлення зубних рядів і раціональний вибір типу конструкції.

Мета дослідження — покращити результати стоматологічного ортопедичного лікування шляхом оптимізації плану лікування з урахуванням чітких діагностичних критеріїв у пацієнтів із поодиноко збереженими зубами на нижній щелепі.

Матеріали і методи. Обстежили 25 пацієнтів (13 жінок та 12 чоловіків) віком 50–76 років із поодиноко збереженими зубами у фронтальній ділянці нижньої щелепи. На основі комплексної оцінки умов для протезування за критеріями РDI з урахуванням даних ортопантомографії (Dent Navi, Yoshida, Японія) у 15 осіб визначили показання та провели лікування із застосуванням покривних протезів. Центральне співвідношення щелеп визначали та фіксували за анатомо-функціональним методом з використанням лінійки Фокса та гнатометра (Сentrofix, Amann Girrbach). Постановку штучних зубів (Yamahachi Dental) здійснювали за однією з основних оклюзійних схем – двобічно збалансована, лінгвалізована, площинна. Корекцію оклюзійних співвідношень проводили за методом Bausch та аналізували за схемою S. J. Davies. Ступінь функціональної реабілітації визначали за трибальною шкалою опитувальника H. Miura, K. Sato.

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. У 3 (20 %) обстежених пацієнтів жувальна здатність була безперешкодною як через один місяць, так і після 6 місяців користування. Після проведення необхідних корекцій оклюзійних співвідношень 8 (53,3 %) осіб оцінили жувальну здатність із незначними незручностями через один місяць після виготовлення і як безперешкодну через 6 місяців користування. На утруднену жувальну здатність через місяць після виготовлення та із незначними незручностями через 6 місяців користування вказували 3(20 %) пацієнтів. Через один та 6 місяців користування в 1 (6,7 %) пацієнта з повним знімним протезом на верхній щелепі та фіксацією покривного протеза на поодиноко збережений зуб 42 штампованим ковпачком жувальна здатність була утрудненою.

Висновки. За відсутності оклюзійних опорних зон у обстежених пацієнтів визначальними критеріями для складення плану лікування були розташування збережених зубів (коренів), ступінь і тип атрофії альвеолярних відростків. Задовільної жувальної здатності при напівжорсткій фіксації базису покривного протеза на опорних зубах з дентально-альвеолярним розподілом жувального навантаження досягли створенням двобічних оклюзійних контактів при постановці штучних зубів.
Estudos semióticos do plano da expressão
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas
Published: January 2019

A obra tem por objetivo contribuir com alguns elementos de resposta ao desafio da operacionalidade da teoria semiótica diante do plano da expressão, no atual estágio de seus conhecimentos, diante das variadas linguagens que se propõe a descrever. Ao lançar mais esse livro, o Grupo de Estudos Semióticos da FFLCH USP deseja colaborar para esse debate de plena atualidade no campo semiótico. É, para os organizadores, mais uma forma de dar continuidade à constante tarefa, que os anima desde sempre, de fazer avançar as pesquisas semióticas no Brasil, em sintonia com o que se tem realizado no cenário internacional.
Lipid-Lowering Agents
Authors: Hegele Robert A. , Tsimikas Sotirios
Published: January 2019

Several new or emerging drugs for dyslipidemia owe their existence, in part, to human genetic evidence, such as observations in families with rare genetic disorders or in Mendelian randomization studies. Much effort has been directed to agents that reduce LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, triglyceride, and Lp[a] (lipoprotein[a]), with some sustained programs on agents to raise HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol. Lomitapide, mipomersen, AAV8.TBG.hLDLR, inclisiran, bempedoic acid, and gemcabene primarily target LDL cholesterol. Alipogene tiparvovec, pradigastat, and volanesorsen primarily target elevated triglycerides, whereas evinacumab and IONIS-ANGPTL3-L
Rx
target both LDL cholesterol and triglyceride. IONIS-APO(a)-L
Rx
targets Lp(a).
Sudden Death and Left Ventricular Involvement in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Miles Chris , Finocchiaro Gherardo , Papadakis Michael , Gray Belinda , Westaby Joseph , Ensam Bode , Basu Joyee , Parry-Williams Gemma , Papatheodorou Efstathios , Paterson Casey , Malhotra Aneil , Robertus Jan Lukas , Ware James S. , Cook Stuart A. , Asimaki Angeliki , Witney Adam , Ster Irina Chis , Tome Maite , Sharma Sanjay , Behr Elijah R. , Sheppard Mary N.
Published: January 2019

Background:

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited heart muscle disorder characterized by myocardial fibrofatty replacement and an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Originally described as a right ventricular disease, ACM is increasingly recognized as a biventricular entity. We evaluated pathological, genetic, and clinical associations in a large SCD cohort.

Methods:

We investigated 5205 consecutive cases of SCD referred to a national cardiac pathology center between 1994 and 2018. Hearts and tissue blocks were examined by expert cardiac pathologists. After comprehensive histological evaluation, 202 cases (4%) were diagnosed with ACM. Of these, 15 (7%) were diagnosed antemortem with dilated cardiomyopathy (n=8) or ACM (n=7). Previous symptoms, medical history, circumstances of death, and participation in competitive sport were recorded. Postmortem genetic testing was undertaken in 24 of 202 (12%). Rare genetic variants were classified according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics criteria.

Results:

Of 202 ACM decedents (35.4±13.2 years; 82% male), no previous cardiac symptoms were reported in 157 (78%). Forty-one decedents (41/202; 20%) had been participants in competitive sport. The adjusted odds of dying during physical exertion were higher in men than in women (odds ratio, 4.58; 95% CI, 1.54–13.68;
P
=0.006) and in competitive athletes in comparison with nonathletes (odds ratio, 16.62; 95% CI, 5.39–51.24;
P
<0.001). None of the decedents with an antemortem diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy fulfilled definite 2010 Task Force criteria. The macroscopic appearance of the heart was normal in 40 of 202 (20%) cases. There was left ventricular histopathologic involvement in 176 of 202 (87%). Isolated right ventricular disease was seen in 13%, isolated left ventricular disease in 17%, and biventricular involvement in 70%. Among whole hearts, the most common areas of fibrofatty infiltration were the left ventricular posterobasal (68%) and anterolateral walls (58%). Postmortem genetic testing yielded pathogenic variants in ACM-related genes in 6 of 24 (25%) decedents.

Conclusions:

SCD attributable to ACM affects men predominantly, most commonly occurring during exertion in athletic individuals in the absence of previous reported cardiac symptoms. Left ventricular involvement is observed in the vast majority of SCD cases diagnosed with ACM at autopsy. Current Task Force criteria may fail to diagnose biventricular ACM before death.
The genus Lanocira Hansen, 1890 (Corallanidae: Isopoda: Crustacea) in tropical Australian waters
Authors: BRUCE NIEL L. , SIDABALOK CONNI
Published: January 2019

The genus Lanocira Hansen, 1890 is recorded from the southwestern Pacific for the first time. Lanocira grebarree sp. nov. from the Great Barrier Reef is described, and Lanocira gardineri Stebbing, 1904 and Lanocira sp. cf. anasicula Jones, 1982 are recorded from the Great Barrier Reef and Hibernia Reef, in the Timor Sea off Western Australia, respectively. Lanocira grebarree sp. nov. can be identified by the anteriorly rounded, upturned and short rostral process in males in combination with the lack of stiff setae on the dorsal surface of the pleotelson. The similar L. gardineri Stebbing, 1904 is distinguished from L. grebarree sp. nov. by the presence of stiff hyaline setae on the dorsal surface of the pleotelson. A key is provided to the Australian species of Lanocira.
On Potamocypris compressa (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from temporary rock pools in Utah, USA, with notes on the taxonomic harmonisation of North American and European ostracod faunas
Authors: HORNE DAVID J. , JOCQUE MERLIJN , BRENDONCK LUC , MARTENS KOEN
Published: January 2019

We report the abundant occurrence of a species of the ostracod genus Potamocypris in temporary freshwater rock pools in Utah, USA. It is identified as P. compressa Furtos, 1933, a species hitherto considered to be only a variety or subspecies of P. smaragdina (Vávra, 1891) but here established as a valid species for the first time. The biogeographical implications of this taxonomic revision are considered in the context of a metadatabase of northern hemisphere nonmarine ostracods for palaeoclimate applications.
A generic name for some sparrows (Aves: Emberizidae)
Authors: KLICKA JOHN , BANKS RICHARD C.
Published: January 2019

Klicka and Spellman (2007) demonstrated convincingly that the genus Amphispiza Coues as then recognized is not monophyletic, i.e., that the two species (bilineata and belli) then assigned to it (American Ornithologists’ Union 1998) are not closely related. The species belli was shown to be a member of a well-resolved clade of “grassland” sparrows that includes the genera Pooecetes, Oriturus, Passerculus, Ammodramus (in part), Melospiza, and Xenospiza. Importantly, the taxonomic affinities of the putative congener bilineata lie elsewhere. It is part of a well-supported clade that contains the species quinquestriata (recently transferred from Aimophila to Amphispiza; Chesser et al. 2010) and the monotypic form Calamospiza (DaCosta et al. 2009). The type species of Amphispiza is Emberiza bilineata Cassin; therefore, a new generic name must be provided for belli and its close relatives. Klicka and Spellman (2007) suggested that Artemisospiza [sic] would be an appropriate name for belli, commonly called the Sage Sparrow, but did not propose it formally, as it did not meet the requirements of Article 13 of the ICZN (1999) Code. We now modify that suggestion and propose the following:
Tribe Teruliini: new genera and new species of Neotropical leafhoppers with a revised key to genera and species, new records and notes on distribution and taxonomy (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae)
Authors: NIELSON M. W.
Published: January 2019

Two new genera, Freytagolidia, type-species Freytagolidia ligula sp. nov. and Neodocalidia, type-species Neodocalidia connectiva sp. nov., from Colombia are described and illustrated. Nineteen additional new species are described and illustrated in the following genera: Baluba sharkeyi sp. nov. (Colombia), Bolidiana robusta sp. nov. (Colombia), B. trisetacea sp. nov. (French Guiana), B. elongata sp. nov. (Colombia), Harasupia lyrata sp. nov. (Mexico), Hastalidia acinaca sp. nov. (Peru), Jalorpa constricta sp. nov. (Colombia), Licontinia minutasetacea sp. nov. (Colombia), L. recurvata sp. nov. (Panama), Panolidia torquersi sp. nov. (Colombia), P. minuta sp. nov. (Colombia), Sapingia calcaris sp. nov. (Colombia), Stalolidia flangella sp. nov. (Colombia), S. semiovata sp. nov. (Colombia), S. setacea sp. nov. (Colombia), S. ecuadorensis sp. nov. (Ecuador), S. lyrica sp. nov. (Bolivia), S. clava sp. nov. (Brazil) and S. bulbata sp. nov. (Peru). Taxonomy and distribution of genera, revised key to species and details on new records are provided. A revised key to all known genera is also included. Colombia is a new record for Baluba, Jalorpa, Panolidia, Sapingia and Stalolidia; Panama for Licontinia; Peru for Hastalidia and Ecuador for Stalolidia. The type-species name, Coelidia marginata Stål, for Harasupia Nielson, 1979 was incorrectly cited as Harasupia marginata (Stål) and is corrected herein.
Extended distribution and host plants of Nameriophyes sapidae Xue & Zhang 2008 (Acari: Eriophyidae) in New Zealand
Authors: MARTIN NICHOLAS A. , ZHANG ZHI-QIANG
Published: January 2019

Nameriophyes sapidae Xue & Zhang (Acari: Eriophyidae) was found on transplanted nikau palms, Rhopalostylis sapida (H. Wendl. & Drude) in Auckland, New Zealand and described as a new species (Xue & Zhang 2008). Although R. sapida is a native plant species, it was not known if this mite species was indigenous or adventive because it was collected only from transplanted palms in unnatural gardens in Auckland. A survey was undertaken of R. sapida and the Kermadec Island palm, Rhopalostylis baueri (Hook. f.) Wendl. & Drude in the northern part of the North Island and Chatham Island.
Bryodiversity in the tropics: taxonomy of Microporella species (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) with personate maternal zooids from Indian Ocean, Red Sea and southeast Mediterranean
Authors: HARMELIN JEAN-GEORGES , OSTROVSKY ANDREW N. , CÁCERES-CHAMIZO JULIA P. , SANNER JOANN
Published: January 2019

The particularly speciose cheilostomate genus Microporella includes taxa whose maternal zooids and associated ovicells present a personate structure, i.e. a particularly developed peristome. Six species of Microporella with personate ovicells are analysed from material sampled in the Indian Ocean, Red Sea and southeast Mediterranean. Consideration of highly diagnostic tiny morphological characters displayed by the primary orifice and the avicularium has made it possible to distinguish three new species, M. browni n. sp., M. maldiviensis n. sp. and M. collaroides n. sp., and to better characterise the other species. Among the latter, two species named by Audouin (1826) from Savigny’s drawings (1817), M. coronata and M. genisii, are redescribed and neotypes are selected. Additionally, a new species of the M. coronata species group, Microporella hastingsae n. sp., is proposed following examination of a museum specimen recorded as M. ciliata var. coronata (Hastings 1927). The species dealt with in this study revealed remarkably different patterns of geographic distribution, possibly showing different potential for natural and/or anthropogenic dispersal. The bryozoan assemblages sampled along the coast of Lebanon include four of the six studied species, at least three of them presumably non-indigenous including M. harmeri Hayward, which displays a remarkably wide distribution from the Indian Ocean to the West Pacific and the East Atlantic (Canary Islands).
A second species of the orb-weaving spider genus Melychiopharis from South America (Araneae: Araneidae)
Authors: BRESCOVIT ANTONIO D. , SANTOS ADALBERTO J. , LEITE CLARISSA MACHADO P.
Published: January 2019

The genus Melychiopharis Simon was originally described in the family Araneidae, placed close to Hypognatha Guérin-Méneville (Simon 1895: 907). Levi (2002) transferred the genus to Theridiidae, based on its unusual morphology, which is extremely different from the araneid body plan. However, Santos et al. (2005) presented evidence suggesting that this genus is closer to araneid genera, like Hypognatha and Testudinaria Taczanowski and, consequently, transferred it back to Araneidae. That study also included a redescription and illustrations of the genus and of its only species, M. cynips Simon, 1895, which is currently known from northern, central and northeastern Brazil.
Two new species of Syllidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Southern Mexican Pacific
Authors: OROPEZA DIANA L. SALCEDO , SAN MARTÍN GUILLERMO , SOLÍS-WEISS VIVIANNE
Published: January 2019

As part of a project dealing with soft bottom polychaetes from the western coasts of Acapulco Bay, Southern Mexican Pacific, 1050 specimens of the family Syllidae were collected and identified. Among them, 72 belong to two new species that are herein described. Plakosyllis curvispina n. sp. (31 specimens) is the fourth known species of the genus, which is newly recorded for the Mexican Pacific. It is characterized by having compound falcigers with elongated blades, very long, fine and curved spines, and three antennae in ventral position, partially or completely covered by the prostomium. Trypanosyllis microdenticulata n. sp. (41 specimens) is characterized by having bidentate chaetae, two pairs of eyes, the anterior one in ventral position and the posterior one in dorsal position and a very small trepan with transparent teeth.
Two new species of the sun-spider genus Gaucha from Argentina and Brazil (Solifugae, Mummuciidae)
Authors: BOTERO-TRUJILLO RICARDO , OTT RICARDO , MATTONI CAMILO I. , NIME MÓNICA F. , OJANGUREN-AFFILASTRO ANDRÉS A.
Published: January 2019

Two new species in the South American sun-spider family Mummuciidae are herein described. Gaucha ramirezi sp. nov. is known from the Chancaní Provincial Park and Forest Reserve, Córdoba province, Argentina, and further reported for a single locality to the northeast, in Santiago del Estero province. The systematic position of this species is uncertain and it is not assigned to any species-group of Gaucha Mello-Leitão, 1924. The other species, Gaucha santana sp. nov., is only known from the Ibirapuitã Environmental Protection Area, in the southern Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul, and is a member of the fasciata species-group. With these descriptions, the number of known species of Gaucha is raised to eleven.
Hybrid Mass Coordinate in WRF-ARW and Its Impact on Upper-Level Turbulence Forecasting
Authors: Park Sang-Hun , Klemp Joseph B. , Kim Jung-Hoon
Published: January 2019

Although a terrain-following vertical coordinate is well suited for the application of surface boundary conditions, it is well known that the influences of the terrain on the coordinate surfaces can contribute to increase numerical errors, particularly over steep topography. To reduce these errors, a hybrid sigma–pressure coordinate is formulated in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model, and its effects are illustrated for both an idealized test case and a real-data forecast for upper-level turbulence. The idealized test case confirms that with the basic sigma coordinate, significant upper-level disturbances can be produced due to numerical errors that arise as the advection of strong horizontal flow is computed along coordinate surfaces that are perturbed by smaller-scale terrain influences. With the hybrid coordinate, this artificial noise is largely eliminated as the mid- and upper-level coordinate surfaces correspond much more closely to constant pressure surfaces. In real-data simulations for upper-level turbulence forecasting, the WRF Model using the basic sigma coordinate tends to overpredict the strength of upper-air turbulence over mountainous regions because of numerical errors arising as a strong upper-level jet is advected along irregular coordinate surfaces. With the hybrid coordinate, these errors are reduced, resulting in an improved forecast of upper-level turbulence. Analysis of kinetic energy spectra for these simulations confirms that artificial amplitudes in the smaller scales at upper levels that arise with the basic sigma coordinate are effectively removed when the hybrid coordinate is used.
Meteorologists’ Interpretations of Storm-Scale Ensemble-Based Forecast Guidance
Authors: Wilson Katie A. , Heinselman Pamela L. , Skinner Patrick S. , Choate Jessica J. , Klockow-McClain Kim E.
Published: January 2019

During the 2017 Spring Forecasting Experiment in NOAA’s Hazardous Weather Testbed, 62 meteorologists completed a survey designed to test their understanding of forecast uncertainty. Survey questions were based on probabilistic forecast guidance provided by the NSSL Experimental Warn-on-Forecast System for ensembles (NEWS-e). A mix of 20 multiple-choice and open-ended questions required participants to explain basic probability and percentile concepts, extract information using graphical representations of uncertainty, and determine what type of weather scenario the graphics depicted. Multiple-choice questions were analyzed using frequency counts, and open-ended questions were analyzed using thematic coding methods. Of the 18 questions that could be scored, 60%–96% of the participants’ responses aligned with the researchers’ intended response. Some of the most challenging questions proved to be those requiring qualitative explanations, such as to explain what the 70th-percentile value of accumulated rainfall represents in an ensemble-based probabilistic forecast. Additionally, participants providing answers not aligning with the intended response oftentimes appeared to consider the given information with a deterministic rather than probabilistic mindset. Applications of a deterministic mindset resulted in tendencies to focus on the worst-case scenario and to modify understanding of probabilistic concepts when presented with different variables. The findings from this survey support the need for improved basic and applied training for the development, interpretation, and use of probabilistic ensemble forecast guidance. Future work should collect data for a larger sample size to examine the knowledge gaps across specific user groups and to guide development of probabilistic forecast training tools.
Prevalence of Fatigue in Head and Neck Cancer Survivors
Authors: Bossi Paolo , Di Pede Patricia , Guglielmo Mauro , Granata Roberta , Alfieri Salvatore , Iacovelli Nicola Alessandro , Orlandi Ester , Guzzo Marco , Bianchi Roberto , Ferella Letizia , Infante Gabriele , Miceli Rosalba , Licitra Lisa , Ripamonti Carla Ida
Published: January 2019

Introduction:

In head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, fatigue is present throughout the course of treatment and during follow-up. There are limited data about the prevalence and factors associated with fatigue in HNC survivors. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of fatigue and its interference with daily life activities and examine the association between fatigue and gender, age, primary tumour site, Human Papillomavirus (HPV) status, previous oncologic therapy, and time since end of treatment.

Methods:

Consecutive locally advanced HNC patients having completed curative treatment at least 1 year earlier and free of disease were asked to fill in the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) questionnaire. Fatigue was categorized according to BFI average score as absent (0), mild (>0 to <4), moderate (≥4 to ≤6), and severe (>6 to ≤10).

Results:

From February 2015 to July 2016, 129 patients (median age = 60 years old; 67% male) were evaluated. Primary sites of cancer were oropharynx (46%, with 4/5 patients HPV positive), nasopharynx (22%), larynx/hypopharynx (14%), oral cavity (13%), and paranasal sinus or salivary gland (5%). Oncologic treatment was completed 12 to 96 months earlier (median = 34 months). Fatigue was reported as absent in 15% of the patients, mild in 67%, moderate in 11%, and severe in 7%. No association between BFI average score and the analyzed variables was identified.

Discussion:

Moderate and severe fatigue was reported in 18% of HNC survivors. Further research is needed to assess its causes and improve the management.
Bolus Airway Invasion Observed During Videofluoroscopy in Healthy, Non-dysphagic Community-Dwelling Adults
Authors: Garand Kendrea L. (Focht) , Hill Elizabeth G. , Amella Elaine , Armeson Kent , Brown Alonna , Martin-Harris Bonnie
Published: January 2019

Objectives:

Typical aging may result in subclinical swallowing alterations (presbyphagia), which can place an individual at risk for dysphagia-related conditions, such as aspiration pneumonia, secondary to loss of functional reserve and rising incidence of age-related diseases associated with dysphagia. The purpose of this study was to investigate occurrence of airway invasion among healthy, nondysphagic community-dwelling adults. Further, we tested for differences of airway invasion across age categories and between sexes.

Methods:

Each eligible participant underwent a videofluoroscopic swallow study using a standardized approach of various volumes and viscosities. Ten swallows observed in the lateral viewing plane was assessed for observation of bolus airway invasion using the Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) scoring system. Eligible participants (N = 195) were categorized according to 1 of 3 age categories (21-39 years, 40-59 years, 60 years and older) and sex (male, female) for analyses.

Results:

Out of 1936 swallows analyzed, we observed penetration in 113 swallows (5.8%) and aspiration in 6 swallows (0.3%). Majority (98%) of bolus airway invasion events occurred during the swallow. Mean or worst PAS scores did not significantly differ across age categories or between sexes. The odds ratios of PAS impairment between age categories did not reveal any significant differences. Males were more likely to have impaired PAS scores relative to females (odds ratio [OR] = 3.5; P = .01).

Conclusions:

Entrance of ingested material into the airway observed during videofluoroscopy is uncommon in healthy adults, which helps support the notion that aging may not directly correlate with increased risk of aspiration. Rather, the increased risk of aspiration observed in the aging population may result from the increased incidence of neurological and other diseases with dysphagia as common sequelae with advancing age. Future investigations should compare age-matched healthy controls with a diseased population (eg, cerebral vascular accident) to further explore the relationship between aspiration risk as a function of age compared to consequence of disease/injury.
Investigating semiconductor device characterization in educational labs
Authors: Nethra Devi T , Raghuram TR
Published: January 2019

Semiconductor device characterization is of prime importance in today’s electronics. This paper intends to throw light on the alternative methods available for semiconductor device characterization that can be implemented in universities/institutes. In the current scenario, most of the universities are implementing the traditional methodology of device characterization in the laboratory by using bread board circuitry and meters to read the voltage and currents, which is termed as the manual method. But there are many alternative techniques, which use simulation software and data acquisition units. The paper aims at juxtaposing the existing manual techniques with the evolving alternatives mentioned before. Two semiconductor devices namely, diode and bipolar junction transistor (BJT) were taken as samples and their device characterization was performed using three different techniques: manual, automatic and simulation. A comparative study was made on the outcomes, and the merits and demerits of the three techniques were elucidated. A survey was conducted among 25 undergraduate students regarding their opinion on the various methods, since they are already exposed to the existing technique. The survey results were scrutinized.