bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of limestone content on properties of portland limestone cement produced by intergrinding
Authors: Dinh Nguyen Duong , Truong Pham Van
Published: June 2022

Limestone is used very commonly as a mineral admixture in the production of blended Portland cement because of its availability and low cost. Since using limestone reduces the amount of clinker used, it helps to reduce CO2 emission from the cement production process. Limestone is added into cement commonly by intergrinding with clinker, gypsum and other admixtures (if any). International studies show that the influence of limestone depends not only on the content and fineness of limestone but also on the mineral composition of the clinker used. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of limestone content on some properties of Portland limestone cement produced by intergrinding method using materials available in Vietnam. The limestone contents used were 0, 10, 20, and 30%. The properties of the cement investigated include particle size distribution, water of consistency, setting time and compressive strength at ages of 1, 3, 7 and 28 days. The results show that, when increasing the limestone content, the cement particle size was distributed more widely, the water of consistency increased by 1%, and the initial and final setting time decreased slightly. The compressive strength also tended to decrease, the level of decrease was highest at the age of 1 day, gradually decreasing in the later ages. Based on the degree of strength decrease at ages of 3 and 28 days, the limestone content used should not be more than 20%.
Development of testing system for self-healing evaluation
Authors: Huynh Nguyen Ngoc Tri , Imamoto Kei-Ichi , Kiyohara Chizuru
Published: June 2022

The research topic of self-healing concrete has and continues to attract the attention of research groups worldwide. Compared with about ten years ago, the experiments have become more abundant and the evaluation criteria are also gradually improved with increasing standardization levels. In order to contribute to this research field with a self-healing evaluation system, capillary water absorption is also a parameter reflecting the effectiveness of self-healing in concrete or mortar samples. Cracks created using 3-point bending can control the size (width) and are held in place through the specimen holder-clamp kit. In this study, the sample clamp-retainer kit was improved compared to the previous version used in many laboratories, with the main feature of keeping the two crack faces parallel. For the test to prevent water flow directly through the crack, a versatile test system with the ability to flexibly replace many sample sizes and easily adjust the parameters for investigation according to the Hagen-Poiseuille equation. The water flow and capillary water absorption tests were verified on the new kit, and comparisons of the results with other research groups were also made.
The Energy Crises and Contagion from Europe to World: Evidence via Stochastic Volatility Model
Authors: ERKAN Anıl Çağlar , ERGÜNEY Enes Burak , GÜRSOY Samet
Published: June 2022

The new period, which started with the increase in energy prices in Europe, turned into a crisis in a short time and had a serious negative impact on the locomotive economies of the continent. Russia's attempts to reduce the amount of supply, despite the increasing energy demand of the European economies in the recovery effort, appear as the trigger of the crisis process. In this direction, a process has emerged in which we have witnessed the increasing tensions between major European economies and Russia, especially since the second half of 2021. On the other hand, the large increases in energy prices in a short time created the effect of gasoline spilled on the fire in the increase of tensions between the parties. Therefore, the effect of the 2021 energy crisis on the global scale has become inevitable. In the light of all these, first, it was discussed the effect of the European energy crisis on the price changes in the world's leading markets . In this context, important natural gas market data of Europe was evaluated with American and Asian spot and benchmark prices. In the light of the data obtained, the existence or nature of the correlation were analyzed between the price movements in these three important natural gas markets systematically. TTF and Henry Hub are the two important markets to be covered in the analysis. In the light of all these, in the study, it was analyzed whether the process that emerged in Europe, has affected other market prices via the Stochastic Volatility Model. It was found that TTF, Henry Hub and JKM companies, which supply gas to the European market, increased their share returns between 01.12.2017 and 01.12.2021 (crisis periods).
Newsletter Februar 2022
Authors: Kieslinger Daniel , Hollweg Carolyn
Published: June 2022

Die Umsetzung der Reform des SGB VIII nimmt Fahrt auf und die Bundesregierung will bereits bis 2025 die rechtliche Fixierung der inklusiven Lösung voranbringen. Dies ist auch ein Motivationsschub für das Modellprojekt und die beteiligten Akteur*innen. Doch bis die Umsetzung tatsächlich Konturen annimmt, gilt es noch viele Fragen zu klären. Thematisch beispielsweise die Frage nach inklusivem Kinderschutz, zu welchem unser Interviewpartner in dieser Ausgabe arbeitet. Weiterhin lesen Sie den Fachbeitrag von Sonja Boddenberg über die Elternarbeit in der Einrichtung Pauline von Mallinckrodt sowie die Vorstellung des Modellstandortes Diakonie Michaelshoven.
Newsletter März 2022
Authors: Kieslinger Daniel , Hollweg Carolyn
Published: June 2022

In dieser Newsletter-Ausgabe blicken wir zurück auf unseren zweiten Online-Fachtag, mit dem wir die aktuellsten Entwicklungen auf dem Weg zu einer inklusiven Kinder- und Jugendhilfe mit über 100 Teilnehmenden gemeinsam beleuchtet haben. Außerdem sind wir im Gespräch mit der Projektfachstelle Inklusion in der Kinder- und Jugendarbeit, stellen unseren zweiten Sammelband vor, präsentieren wie immer einen unserer Modellstandorte und fokussieren das Thema Gesundheitsförderung als eine zentrale Aufgabe in einer inklusiven Kinder- und Jugendhilfe.
An Investigation into Turkish EFL Learners’ Ambiguity Tolerance
Authors: ÖZ Gülşah
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to explore Turkish EFL learners’ ambiguity tolerance at a state university, Turkey. In line with this main aim, to find out if there is any significant difference between Turkish male and female learners in their ambiguity tolerance of learning English is also another purpose of the study. Within this purpose, Ely’s (1995) Second Language Tolerance of Ambiguity Scale (SLTAS) was administered to 89 (52 female and 37 male) prep class students from Department of English Language Teaching and English Language Literature at a state university of Turkey. The data were collected during the academic year of 2018-2019. The findings of the study revealed that the participants’ ambiguity tolerance levels were low. There was not any statistically significant difference in students’ ambiguity tolerance of learning English regarding their gender. Based on the findings, implications and recommendations were also presented for teachers and researchers in the field of English language teaching.
Safevi Devleti’nin Hindistan’daki Müslüman Türk Sultanlıkları ile İlişkileri
Authors: NECEFLİ Tofiq
Published: June 2022

Müslüman Türk Devletleri tarihinin şanlı sayfalarından birini oluşturan Safevi Devleti sadece Azerbaycan’ın değil, aynı zamanda bütün Yakın ve Ortadoğu’nun devletler tarihinde; uluslararası ilişkiler, askeri ve siyasi hayatında önemli rol oynamakla beraber, Avrupa-Doğu karşılıklı ilişkilerinde de çok aktif rol almıştır.
Safevi Devleti dış ilişkilerinde özellikle önem verdiği bölgelerden biri de Hindistan’ın Dekken platosundaki Müslüman Türk Sultanlıkları olmuştur. 15. yüzyılın sonları ve 16.yüzyılın başlarında Dekken’de Adilşahlar (1490-1686), Nizamşahlar (1491-1633) ve Kutupşahlar (1512-1687) devletleri var idi. Safevilerin bu üç Türk Sultanlıklarla olan ilişkileri Safevi Devleti’nin kuruluşuna mütaakiben Şah İsmail’in kazandığı başarıları sayesinde kurulmaya başla¬mıştır. Hemen sonrasında Hindistan’da kurulan Moğol İmparatorluğu'nun (1526-1857) askeri üstünlüğü dikkate alınırsa, bu üç küçük Sultanlığ’ın imparatorluğa katılması sadece bir an meselesi idi. Ancak onlar Moğol İmparatorluğu’na karşı çıkmak yolunu seçerek İsnaâaşeriliği resmi devlet dini ilan edip, uzun bir süre Safevi Şahlarının egemenliğini kabullenmiş oldular. Özellıkle, Safevi şahları I. Şah tahmasp (1524-1576) ve I. Şah Abbas (1587-1629) dönemlerinde Safevi-Dekken Müslüman Türk Sultanlıkları arasında kurulan her yönlü ilişkiler yüksek seviyede olmuştur. Bir çok kaynakta “Şii Sultanlıkları” olarak da anılan bu üç Türk Sultanlığı, Moğol İmparatorluğu tarafından işğallerine kadar, zor şartlarda da olsalar Savefilerle olan ilişkilerini ihmal etmeyerek sürdürebilmiştir.
Kitap İncelemesi: Ortak Türk Tarihi 8, En Kadim Devirlerden XV. Asra Kadar
Authors: Tufan Savaş
Published: June 2022

Uluslararası Türk Akademisi Başkanı Prof. Dr. Darhan Kıdırali ile Özbekistan Bilimler Akademisi Milli Arkeoloji Merkezi Bölüm Başkanı Doç. Dr. Gaybullah Babayar tarafından kaleme alınan ve üye ülkelerin eğitim bakanlıkları tarafından da onaylanan “Ortak Türk Tarihi” isimli ders kitabında, genç nesillere Türk halklarının ortak geçmişi, ortak dili ve kültürü hakkında bilgiler verilmiş, böylece onlara Türk dünyasında birlik ve karşılıklı saygı duygusu aşılanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Cresthaven Şeftali Çeşidinde AVG ve NAA Uygulamalarının Verim, Hasat Önü Dökümü ve Meyve Karakteristikleri Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: TIĞ İnci , YILDIRIM Adnan
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmada şeftali çöğürüne aşılı “Cresthaven” şeftali çeşidinde hasat önü dökümü ve meyve kalitesi üzerine Aminoetoksivinilglisin (AVG) ve Naftaline asetik asit (NAA) uygulamalarının etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmada tahmini hasattan 3 hafta önce ağaçlara farklı dozlarda AVG (100, 200, 300 ppm) ve NAA (10, 15, 20 ppm) uygulamaları yapılmıştır. AVG uygulamalarının kontrol ve NAA uygulamalarına göre hasadı 1 hafta geciktirdiği belirlenmiştir. Tüm uygulamalarda kümülatif döküm yüzdesi kontrol uygulamasına göre azalmıştır. Özellikle AVG verimi arttırmada NAA’ya göre daha etkili bulunmuştur. Araştırmada toplam verimlerin 113.30 kg (kontrol) ile 166.83 kg (300 ppm AVG) arasında değiştiği saptanmıştır. AVG uygulamaları meyve eti sertliğini arttırma konusunda oldukça etkili bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte tüm uygulamalarda meyve boyutları ve meyve ağırlıkları artmıştır. Uygulamalar arasında meyve renk değerleri bakımından farklılıklar bulunmamıştır. AVG uygulanmış meyvelerde pH değeri azalmıştır. Özellikle AVG uygulamaları meyve solunum hızı ile etilen üretimini baskılayarak azalttığı belirlenmiştir.
2019 Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı’nın 21. Yüzyıl Becerilerinden Yaratıcılık ve Üretkenlik Becerilerine Teşvik Yönünden İncelenmesi
Authors: UNGAN Suat , BUÇAN Barış
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırma, 2019 Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı’nı 21. yüzyıl becerilerinden olan yaratıcılık ve üretkenlik becerilerine teşvik yönünden incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman inceleme yöntemiyle oluşturulan bu araştırmanın veri kaynağı 2019 Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı olarak belirlenmiştir. 2019 Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı betimsel analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda 2019 Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı’nın 21. yüzyıl becerilerinden olan yaratıcılık ve üretkenlik becerilerine teşvik ettiği fakat yaratıcılık ve üretkenlik becerilerinin öğretim programında dengeli bir şekilde dağılım göstermediği görülmüştür. Araştırmanın bir diğer sonucu da 2019 Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı’nın yaratıcılık ve üretkenlik becerilerine en fazla teşvik ettiği düşünülen kısmı Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı’nın Yapısı kısmı ve ilgili basamakları olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda araştırmacılara 2019 Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı’nın 21. yüzyıl becerilerinden yaratıcılık ve üretkenlik becerileri dışında başka becerilere teşvik etme yönünden incelenebileceği önerilmektedir.
Evrensel Tasarım Perspektifinden Hastane Tasarımı Üzerine Bir İrdeleme: Trabzon- Kaşüstü Kanuni Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi
Authors: HOJJATİ Seyyedeh Asal , MİDİLLİ SARI Reyhan
Published: June 2022

Hastaneler gibi büyük ve çok fonksiyonlu binaların tasarımındaki yapısal karmaşıklığa rağmen, tasarımcının kullanıcı gruplarının olabildiğince tamamını göz önünde bulundurması gerekmektedir. Her türlü sosyal ve kültürel sınıftan, farklı cinsiyet, yaş grubu, fiziksel özellik ve yeterliliğe sahip hasta, hasta yakını ya da sağlık personeli; hastalık tedavisi ya da sağlık kontrolü nedeniyle bu yapıların kullanıcılarını oluşturmaktadır. Bu durum hastanelerin yalnızca erişilebilirlik standartlarıyla değil; aynı zamanda evrensel tasarım yaklaşımıyla da ele alınmasını gerektirmektedir. Evrensel tasarım, uyum ve özel tasarıma gerek duymadan, mümkün olduğu kadar en geniş kapsamda, herkesin kullanabileceği ortamların veya ürünlerin tasarlanmasını ifade eder. Buradan hareketle çalışmanın amacı, hastane tasarımında evrensel tasarım ölçütlerinin uygulanma biçim ve düzeylerini değerlendirmek ve irdelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda nitel ve nicel veri toplama araçlarından yararlanılmış; yerinde tespit ve gözlem, ölçüm ve fotoğraflama teknikleri bir arada kullanılmıştır. Çalışma alanı Trabzon- Kaşüstü Kanuni Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi olup irdelemeler 2019 yılı ortalarına kadar çalışma alanından elde edilen veriler üzerinden tamamlanmıştır. Çalışmada, poliklinik alanlarının genel kullanımda olan otopark alanları, girişler, yatay ve düşey dolaşım alanları, danışma, hasta kayıt ve bekleme alanları ile tuvaletler ele alınmıştır. Öncelikle her bir bölüm için kontrol listeleri oluşturulmuş, toplamda 244 değerlendirme ölçütü çalışma alanında uygulanmıştır. Böylece, herkes için kullanım açısından eksik, düzeltilmesi ya da geliştirilmesi gereken özellikler ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda hastanenin yönetmeliklere uygun tasarlanmış olması nedeniyle yaklaşım ve kullanım için uygun boyut ve mekân konusunda sorunların daha az olduğu; ancak özellikle basit ve sezgisel kullanım ve algılanabilir bilgi konularında eksikliklerin fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
The Monetary Status of Paper Currency: The Jurisprudential Problem and the Future Alternative
Authors: Bouchelaghem Salah
Published: June 2022

Money has been considered the sinew of the economy and the medium of exchange throughout the ages. Money consisted of gold and silver coins in the first Islamic era; however, in our contemporary reality it has taken on completely different forms having no connection to gold or silver. This has generated many problems in categorizing these forms as money to which the legal rulings of the Qur’an and Sunnah, as well as the jurisprudence of former jurists, apply. This research aims to track the most important of these problems in order to facilitate understanding of them. It adopts inductive, analytical and critical methods to do so. The research reached a number of results, the most important of which is that the unqualified application of Shariah provisions that were established for gold and silver to paper currencies and other forms of money deviates from the accurate application (taḥqīq al-manāṭ) of the legal texts. Moreover, it deviates from the objectives of the Shariah regarding justice in wealth and prevention of its wrongful consumption. It is, thus, necessary to review the previous jurisprudential rulings in order to restore gold as a measure of value and a medium of exchange. The emergence of virtual currencies and the current global situation can be used to achieve this.
Hope in the Presence of Continuous Hardships: Investigation of the Challenges Hampering the Chances of Economic Empowerment among Yemeni Women
Authors: Mohammed Abdo Alaghbari Lina , Abdullah Othman Anwar Hasan , Mohd. Noor Azman
Published: June 2022

Women's economic empowerment is an important issue for development in order to achieve inclusive and sustainable growth, and it is also one of the most effective ways to advance the role of women in society. It is therefore a lifeline for bringing Yemeni women into economic life, but the economic opportunities available to Yemeni women are very limited. That is because there are many challenges facing their economic empowerment. Therefore, this study aims to identify the views of Yemeni women regarding the most important challenges and obstacles that stand in the way of economic empowerment of women in Yemen by adopting the analytical descriptive methodology with the help of primary data collected by a developed questionnaire tool, and secondary data which was obtained from official reports, previous studies and other resources relevant to the study topic. The findings indicate that women's financial illiteracy and negative customs and traditions in the society are the most critical challenges to the economic empowerment of Yemeni women, with percentages of 56% and 52% respectively, with other factors receiving various percentages. Meanwhile, 2% of the total sample size (421 women) brought to light other challenges to women's economic empowerment in Yemen, the most important of which was the insufficient proliferation of Islamic financial institutions. Based on the results and findings, the study recommends more attention be paid to making education compulsory in the society, and the gradual correction of negative customs and traditions in Yemeni society through spreading knowledge and awareness, which could improve the chances of economic empowerment of women.
"Strategic Implementation of Effective Marketing Plan for Indonesian National Sports Institute"
Authors: Apriani Nanda Dwi , Filiana Maria Alviona , Syah Tantri Yanuar Rahmat , Indradewa Rhian , Sunaryanto Ketut
Published: June 2022

The Indonesian National Sports Institute (IONI) is a private university that will produce skilled and competent coaches to create the best athletes and educate the public to exercise properly. In an effort to gain customers, IONI will conduct marketing through promotions and increasing followers on social media in the form of youtube, tiktok, Instagram, facebook, and linked in. In addition, in an effort to introduce itself to the public, IONI will organize sports events that can reach the community, such as Fun Run or Fun Bike. IONI will also cooperate with the Central KONI, the military, and 63 sports in Indonesia through the signing of an MoU as a selling point that adds to IONI's image.
NH4+ Fixation and Ionic Competition with K+ in a Clayey Soil from Ocumare Del Tuy, Venezuela
Authors: Lopez-Hernandez Danilo , Mahia-Masip Miguelangel , Melendez Williams , Lopez-Contreras Ana
Published: June 2022

Ammonium and potassium are essential for plant production, both share an ionic potential capable of entering the structure of some 2:1 type clay minerals, remaining fixed. Although, in Venezuela there are abundant areas with the presence of this type of clays, ammonium fixation (NH4f) has been little studied. The soil studied located in Los Valles del Tuy, Miranda State, presented clayey texture, some textural homogenization, and little differentiation in horizons, which is characteristic of Inceptisols. That soil also evidenced by XRD the abundant presence of nontronite / montmorillonite, resulting in a semi-quantification of 20% and 16.4% for the surface and subsoil horizons, respectively. The fixation of ammonium and the competition with potassium to occupy the fixed sites of these clays were studied by means of an incubation experiment, varying the concentration of K+ and keeping the concentration of NH4+ fixed, then extracting and determining the fixed ammonium by a photocolorimetry method. The soil presented a great ammonium fixing capacity, 49% of the total added was fixed in the absence of the competitive ion; however, NH4f fell drastically when both ions were added simultaneously, decreasing exponentially under increasing amounts of the competitive ion and staying constant around 8%. It seems possible that, the high toxicity induced by excessive fertilisation with ammonium sulfate could be counteracted in soils with capacity to retain K, if, at the expense of Kf, the levels of K in the soil solution are increased causing a decrease in the concentrations of N in the tissue.
La Movilidad Social en la España del Antiguo Régimen
Authors: Gómez González Inés , López-Guadalupe Muñoz Miguel Luis
Published: June 2022

La movilidad social, hacia arriba y hacia abajo, ha existido desde los tiempos más remotos, pero será en la Edad Moderna cuando alcance una intensidad inusitada, debido, fundamentalmente, a tres factores: el dinamismo en todos los órdenes de la vida, el desarrollo del Estado Absoluto y la expansión económica. Sin embargo, dicha movilidad no acabó, como muchos temían, con el orden establecido. Más bien todo lo contrario, pues, como afirma Alberto Marcos, «la movilidad social, al dar cumplida satisfacción a las aspiraciones de quienes se enriquecían y aspiraban al lógico reconocimiento social, se convertía también, por paradójico que parezca, en un poderoso factor de estabilidad, en garantía de la paz social, mucho más amenazada en realidad por la eventual obturación de las vías de acceso a las clases superiores que por las convulsiones que pudieran protagonizar las clases populares y los desheredados».
Universal Approximators: New Approach for the Curve Fit of the COVID-19 Infected Population
Authors: Bertone A. M. A. , Martins J. B. , Jafelice R. S. M.
Published: June 2022

Fuzzy systems that include Takagi-Sugeno inference method with linear outputs, are widely known to have the ability to uniformly approximate any polynomial with high precision and, as a consequence, any continuous function, by applying the approximation theorem of Weierstrass. There is one more advantage for these methods which is to obtain an explicit expression of the defuzzified output as a function of the system’s inputs. The purpose of this study is to describe the dynamics of a data set collected through the behavior of the tangential envelope and the local concavity of a curve to be adjusted. The functions that define the envelope and its concavity are identified by means of a hybrid system that combines a fuzzy clustering with the qualities of the Takagi-Sugeno inference method. The analyzed data set represents the world population of confirmed infected people by the infectious disease caused by the coronavirus of severe acute respiratory syndrome, named COVID-19. The proposed fuzzy method, in two versions, first and second order, are compared with curves built through the least square method with the maximum of the absolute value of the difference between the fit values and the data, normalized at each instant. In these comparisons, both fuzzy approaches proposed in this study are the ones that best match the data collected, being the fuzzy approximation of second order the best of all.
Strafbaarstelling van het kwetsen van religieuze gevoelens
Authors: Wouters Erik
Published: June 2022

Criminalisation of hurting religious feelings – Is the prohibition of blasphemy making a comeback?

In 2009, Mrs. Sabaditsch-Wolff, an Austrian anti-Islam activist, made ‘degrading’ statements about the Prophet Muhammad during a lecture. According to the Austrian judges, these statements could not go unpunished. In 2018, the European Court of Human Rights ruled in E.S. v. Austria that the conviction by the Austrian judges did not violate Mrs. Sabaditsch-Wolff’s freedom of expression. In this article, the author critically analyses this ruling of the European Court of Human Rights and takes a closer look at the possible criminalisation of ‘hurting religious feelings’ in Dutch law.
İŞ SÖZLEŞMESİNİN FESİH DIŞINDA SONA ERME NEDENLERİ
Authors: UMUTLU Hasan Hüseyin
Published: June 2022

İş sözleşmesi, konusu iş görme olan ve taraflara karşılıklı borç yükleyen bir sözleşmedir. İş sözleşmesi; hukuki niteliği bakımından özel hukuk sözleşmesi olup, işçinin şahsına bağlı bir sözleşmedir. İşçinin şahsına bağlı olması ve bağımlılık düzeyinde iş ilişkisinin yürütülüyor olması, iş sözleşmesini diğer iş görme sözleşmelerinden ayıran en temel unsurdur.

İş sözleşmesinin sona ermesi genel olarak iki gruba ayrılır. Şöyle ki; fesih bildirimi ile sona ermesi ve fesih bildirimi dışında sona ermesidir. İş sözleşmesinin fesih bildirimi ile sona ermesi tarafların tek taraflı irade beyanları ile sözleşmenin sona erdirilmesidir. İş sözleşmesinin fesih yoluyla sona erdirilmesi 4857 sayılı İş Kanunu’nun 17.ci maddesinde bildirimli fesih, 24 ve 25.ci maddelerinde ise bildirimsiz fesih halleri olarak düzenlenmiştir.

İş sözleşmesinin fesih bildirimi dışında sona erme halleri ise; tarafların anlaşması(ikale), belirli sürenin sona ermesi, ölüm ve diğer özel haller olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Med tangentvalsen mot friheten eller Kan den nya kontorstekniken frigöra kvinnorna?
Authors: Morgall Janine
Published: June 2022

Teknikens utveckling och användning hänger nära ihop med samhällets politiska, sociala och ekonomiska förhållanden. Janine Morgall tar här upp kontorsarbetets förändring. Skrivmaskinen, datorn och särskilt ordbehandlingsmaskinen har alla använts för att skärpa i stället för att minska arbetsdelningen mellan män och kvinnor. Hon diskuterar också hur de kontorsarbetande kvinnorna skall kunna använda den nya tekniken till att förbättra sin ställning.
Om våldtäkt och kvinnomisshandel i rättstillämpningen
Authors: Westerhäll-Gisselsson Lotta
Published: June 2022

Genom att jämföra olika rättsfall rörande våldtäkt och kvinnomisshandel visar här Lotta Westerhäll-Gisselsson, att domstolarna har en tendens att frikänna eller mildra domar på grund av bristande bevis eller kvinnans påstådda medskyldighet.
Hur manlig är vetenskapen?
Authors: Nowotny Helga
Published: June 2022

Med uppkomsten av naturvetenskapen på 1600-talet föddes ett nytt vetenskapsideal — att kontrollera naturen i stället för att betrakta den som människans bundsförvant. Kvinnan ansågs stå närmare naturen än mannenpga sin reproduktivafunktion och underkastades därför såväl kunskapsteoretisk som social dominans. Med sitt växande självmedvetande har kvinnorna reagerat alltmer kritiskt på detta. Vetenskapen som könsblind institution utmanas nu och vi står inför ett perspektivbyte med omfattande konsekvenser.
Mödrar och döttrar i 1880-talets Göteborg
Authors: Björkander-Mannheimer Eva
Published: June 2022

1880-talet var en brytningstid mellan ett traditionellt och ett nytt kvinnoliv, mellan mödrar och döttrar. En brytningstid som ännu utspelas inom ett gemensamt 'socialt rumen stad, där kvinnokulturen var en levande och livsnödvändig realitet. Mer än den formella emancipationskampen var det sexualiteten som bröt banden mellan mödrar och döttrar och försvagade det kvinnliga kulturinflytandet över det då framväxande moderna samhället.
Vid kunskapens gräns
Authors: Karlsson Gunnel , Losman Beata , Lönnroth Louise
Published: June 2022

Ett viktigt metodproblem för kvinnoforskare är att källmaterialet ofta är utformat av och för män. Ett exempel är skattelängderna där endast mannens namn sattes ut medan hustru, barn och tjänstefolk angavs som streck i olika kolumner. Författarna visarfrån sin egen forskning att förvaltningsmaterial om kvinnor finns men måste behandlas med stor försiktighet.
Om den svenska kvinnoforskningens läge och villkor
Authors: Göransson Anita
Published: June 2022

Intresset för forskning om kvinnor varierar med samhällets förändringar. Dagens kvinnoforskning utmärks av kunskapen om könsmaktens materiella bas och om den historiskt och socialt föränderliga manligheten och kvinnligheten. Det finns också skillnader mellan de nordiska ländernas kvinnoforskning.
Att sätta in kvinnohistorien i historien
Authors: Fox-Genovese Elizabeth
Published: June 2022

Den konventionella historien har skrivits nästan uteslutande ur ett manligt perspektiv. Mot denna vill Elizabeth Fox-Genovese inte ställa en enkel alternativ-historia med kvinnliga i stället för manliga subjekt. Utan en kvinnohistoria som utgår från det sociala könet som historiskt specifik kategori och som beaktar de komplexa och nära kopplingarna mellan kön, klass och ras.
En brudgum i himlen i stället för på jorden
Authors: Eskilsson Lena
Published: June 2022

Under medeltiden var klosterlivet ett livsalternativ framför alltför överklassens kvinnor. Lena Eskilsson beskriver här klostrens utveckling och vad klosterlivet kunde innebära för kvinnorna. Hon ger också en beskrivning av den s k beginrörelsen som var ett alternativ till klosterlivet.
Mordet på Adèle - Agnes von Krusenstjärna och primitivismen
Authors: Svanberg Birgitta
Published: June 2022

Agnes von Krusenstjernås romanserie Fröknarna von Pahlen räknas till den litterära riktning som brukar kallas primitivismen. Birgitta Svanberg utgår här från en problematisering av primitivismbegreppet när det gäller en kvinnlig författares diktning. Hon menar att den sexualromantik och driftsdyrkan med freudianskaförtecken som kännetecknar primitivismen måste te sig annorlunda, mer komplicerad och konfliktfylld ur kvinnlig synvinkel.
Starka, aktiva och arga kvinnor
Authors: Togeby Lisa
Published: June 2022

Den traditionella bilden av kvinnor som politiskt passiva och konservativa stämmer inte. Lise Togeby visar här att kvinnors förändrade levnadsvillkor har medfört att unga kvinnor i Danmark nu är lika politiskt aktiva som unga män. Bland de politiskt mycket aktiva ungdomarna är kvinnorna dessutom radikalare än männen.
Åsikter i tre jämställdhetsfrågor
Authors: Jonasson Birgit
Published: June 2022

Birgit Jonasson visar här vilka attityder svenska väljare har i tre jämställdhetsfrågor. Har kvinnor en annan uppfattning än män och har några förändringar skett över tid? Hur varierar väljarnas åsikter med ålder och utbildning? Vilka skillnaderfinns mellan väljare från olika riksdagspartier?
Barnomsorgspolitik och kvinnokrav
Authors: Borchorst Anette
Published: June 2022

Samhällets barnomsorg har aldrig uppfattats som en i formell mening kvinnopolitisk fråga och kvinnoorganisationerna har aldrig bedrivit en systematisk barnomsorgspolitik. Under 80-taletsprivatiseringsvåg har detta visat sig vara fatalt, hävdar Anette Borchorst i en historisk genomgång av den offentliga barnomsorgens utveckling i Danmark.
Lesbiska attityder och Det andra könet
Authors: Card Claudia
Published: June 2022

Den lesbiska kvinnan väljer själv sin sexuella inriktning, säger Simone de Beauvoir i Det andra könet. Claudia Card diskuterar här denna tanke: betoningen av det egna ansvaret är viktig, menar hon, men tyvärr underlåter Simone de Beauvoir att dra de naturliga konsekvenserna av sitt påstående när det gäller heterosexualiteten.
Effects of moisture on the mechanical and viscoelastic behavior of asphalt mixture under repetitive cyclic loading
Authors: Alamrew Asres , Mollenhauer Konrad
Published: June 2022

Moisture exposure of the asphalt pavement leads to the loss of internal strength of the mixture and exacerbated distresses such as cracking and rutting. The moisture has a long-term aging effect on the bitumen binder and bitumen mastic (loss of cohesion) and stripping of bitumen from the aggregate surface (adhesion fail). Understanding the process of moisture damage in asphalt is very crucial because of its significant consequences on pavement life. However, its effect is very complex and there is no single theory to explain the damage processes. Currently, employing moisture sensitivity tests according to EN 12697-12 have the advantage to compare moisture sensitivity after short-term conditioning for 3 days at 40 °C between different materials. However, the test procedures consider a single load application, which is far from the actual repeated vehicular loads in the pavement life. To understand the effects of moisture under repetitive loads, this research follows the cyclic load indirect tensile fatigue test (ITFT) with a stress-controlled mode of loading. Three different aggregate sources combined with two types of bitumen binders were employed to prepare 100mm cylindrical specimens cored from laboratory prepared slab using a steel roller compaction. To study the moisture effects on self-healing (stress recovery) of the asphalt, a rest period was introduced at a predefined number of load cycles. The short-term moisture conditioned samples show that moisture has influenced the stiffness modulus, elastic horizontal strain, self-healing effects, and the fatigue life of the asphalt mixture. Moreover, the effect of aggregate and bitumen sources influences moisture sensitivity of asphalt mixture under cyclic loading. The addition of a surfactant additive has also shown the advantage to decrease the effects of moisture in asphalt mixture made with quartzite aggregate.
Testing of recycled building elements for road construction use
Authors: Bencze Zsolt , Gáspár László
Published: June 2022

The use of recycled materials in both their material and processed has become permitted in the majority of relevant European technical standards. Our institute was commissioned by manufacturers and resellers to carry out background tests for the authorizations required to place their recycled products on the mar-ket. Our research project focused on how products with plastic aggregate and extruded products recycled in 100% perform in the case of traditional test meth-ods. Besides, it was also examined which innovative test methods would be the ones that could reliably characterize the important performance properties of non-conventional materials. Based on our test results, there was no need to modify traditional test methods, but there are certain non-standard technological steps that must be followed to determine adequately the major properties of the products. KTI’s research results have also proved that, compared to the transport building elements used so far, recycled products also have properties that could surpass those of concurrent conventional elements offering service-ability advantages to the obvious environmental benefits.
Fire simulation in railway tunnels: towards the design requirements for emergency exits
Authors: Martini Francesco , Quattrini Andrea , Ricci Stefano
Published: June 2022

Emergency exits are one of the most critical elements during fire safety design in railway tunnels, allowing for a quick evacuation from the endangered area to the nearest safe location. At the present-state, there is lack of a comprehensive regulation framework for the design of the ventilation systems protecting the exits from smoke and other by-products during a tunnel fire and the design is normally case-tailored. With the ultimate goal of finding the most appropriate design requirements as the main parameters involved vary, this paper discusses the simulation of two scenarios identified as highly critical for a mixed traffic line: a 10 MW fire of a passenger couch and a 250 MW fire of a freight wagon. The method used is the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) supported by the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). The key requirement is the minimum airflow needed to keep the exits safe according to the variability of parameters, such as position of fire, wind, single or twin tunnel. The scenarios are a short cross-connection between single-track twin tunnels and a connection to a safe zone in a double-track single tunnel. In each case, temperature, pressure and smoke entering the compartment demonstrate to be relevant parameters affecting the results. The results of an extensive simulation campaign pave the ground for next developments aimed at setup a design handbook covering a large set of infrastructure and operation conditions represent a step ahead a recognized standards in railway tunnels design.
Comparative cost and benefit analysis of parking systems regarding the type of parking offer
Authors: Svajda Marko , Šoštarić Marko , Ševrović Marko , Jakovljević Marijan
Published: June 2022

In developed countries, sustainable forms of transport are increasingly evolving and encouraged. Despite this, and due to the growing trend of urbanization and urban development, there are higher demands for mobility in a smaller spatial coverage. That is why a large number of personal vehicles in urban centres are still present. As a result, there is an increase in external costs in transport such as traffic congestion, climate change and air pollution caused by gas and noise emission. To change such negative trends in the transport system in favour of sustainability, it is necessary to optimally manage the transport system, especially the supply and demand for mobility. Today, optimal management of the parking system in urban areas is one of the most important measures in the process of achieving sustainable transport organization for the purpose of reducing the negative impacts of mobility on humans and the environment. Accordingly, when assessing the quality of the parking system, it is no longer enough to analyse classic financial indicators such as the average time spent in the parking lot, the coefficient of vehicle change per parking space, the number of generated parking hours etc., but it is also necessary to analyse the social loss caused by missed opportunities for more adequate use of urban space in order to increase the quality of human life. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the economic costs and benefits of the parking system considering the type of parking offer. In addition to the classic indicators, the external costs that the parking system has on society through inadequate use of public urban space will be considered. After evaluating all costs and benefits there will be a comparative study showing the results of cost-benefit analysis of individual parking system regarding the type of parking offer, for the purpose of improving the process of optimizing the urban parking system. In this way, another important variable is introduced into the management and planning processes of the parking system, which refers to the optimal use of public space in urban areas.
How to effectively promote sustainable mobility in social housing areas – results of an evaluation study in the Frankfurt Rhine-Main region
Authors: Yessad Leon , Bruns André , Kowald Matthias
Published: June 2022

Finding ways of promoting sustainable mobility is one of the main goals of traffic planning and an important issue in the course of climate change mitigation. Since common efficiency strategies will apparently not be sufficient to reach current climate goals, the focus of traffic planning lays on strategies to foster the change of mode choice towards sustainable means of transport. The latter requires firstly measures to enhance the quality of sustainable transport modes. But besides that, demand-oriented strategies, defined as Mobility Management, play a decisive role in order to effectively trigger the actual behavioural change. The key challenge hereby is to reach the majority of the population, even those groups not automatically oriented towards Sustainability. Accordingly, this paper focuses on means to promote the acceptance and use of new mobility services in social housing areas in the Frankfurt Rhine-Main region in Germany. The core of the underlying project is a two-wave CATI-survey study, which was utilized firstly to conceive a target group specific communication campaign to promote new mobility services (e-cargo bike-sharing, e-car-sharing, charging poles and bike-boxes) and secondly to evaluate its impact. The survey collected, besides socio economic aspects, information on respondents´ possession and use of means of transport as well as their attitudes and preferences to the new installed mobility services, and the integration of these services into their daily routines. Other than assumed, the private car does not dominate mode choice and status perceptions of the target group. Moreover, the resident’s attitudes indicate that overall there is a significant potential for the analysed types of alternative means of transport among the target group. However, the evaluation of the effect of the communication campaign also indicates that communicative measures to promote sustainable mobility should go beyond purely informational measures in order to be able to stimulate rapid changes in behaviour.
Analysis on long-term changes of driving behavior by elderly driver
Authors: Arakawa Yuta , Miyauchi Kota , Takada Kazuyuki
Published: June 2022

Recently in Japan, the occurrence of traffic accidents by elderly drivers has become a social problem. It has been reported that traffic accidents caused by elderly drivers are caused by decline of cognitive impairment and physical function due to aging. Aging also affects the driving behavior of the driver. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the long-term change of driving behavior. If the long-term change of the driving behavior can be evaluated, it can be used as a judgment for returning the driver's license by elderly drivers. However, there is no previous study that quantitatively evaluates the long-term change of driving behavior by elderly drivers. Therefore, in this study, we analyze the long-term change of driving behavior by elderly drivers. This analysis uses data collected by car insurance companies. This data records driving information (vehicle-speed, 3-axis acceleration, vehicle position, driving date) and cognitive ability by an elderly driver from the present to 3 years ago. The evaluation indicator of driving behavior used the occurrence ratio of sudden braking. The occurrence ratio of sudden braking was calculated for each elderly driver from the present to 3 years ago. In conclusion, it was cleared that the occurrence ratio of sudden braking by elderly drivers increases with aging. In particular, this secular change is remarkable for elderly driver who has low cognitive ability. Furthermore, it was shown that there is possibility to prevent elderly drivers from causing traffic accidents by monitoring their occurrence ratio of sudden braking.
Passenger data complexity in tram stop dwell time modelling
Authors: Ahac Maja , Cvitić Leonard , Majstorović Igor , Ahac Saša , Bašić Silvio
Published: June 2022

The stop dwell time can be modelled by using the volumes of boarders and alighters, and it is a common conclusion that the use of additional information on the number and width of doors, number of seats, and number of through standees in model creation improves its estimation of stop dwell time. However, such an approach demands detailed knowledge and/or assumptions on passenger distribution both inside the vehicle and on the stop platform, which makes the model creation and its application more challenging. The research presented in this paper is focused on the passenger input data requirements for the creation of tram stop dwell time prediction models. It is based on passenger and tram dwell time data collected at an island tram stop in Zagreb. The data acquisition included the field recording of the trams in operation during five working days, laboratory processing of 70 hours of collected video data, and creation of a synthesized database of observed and measured data. Three different multiple linear regression models for tram dwell time prediction were created, with the following independent variables: (1) the volume of boarders and alighters and a type of passenger flow transiting through the busiest tram doors, (2) the volume of boarders and alighters transiting through the busiest tram doors, and (3) the total volume of boarders and alighters per tram. The cross-validation of the model showed that passenger input data simplification has a minor effect on the model’s goodness of fit, and a mild effect on it’s accuracy and precision, which could be adequately addressed by the application of a larger operating margin.
Statistical analysis of fluvial trajectories based on AIS database for the construction of a bridge
Authors: Vandanjon Pierre-Olivier , Coiret Alex , Lorino Trisan
Published: June 2022

The French metropolis, Rouen Normandie, has a project of a new bridge requiring temporary pier in the river Seine during the building phase. The location of this pier in the river is constrained by mechanical reasons related to the construction of the bridge. The purpose of this study is to find a position of this pier in the mechanically constrained area which minimizes vessel traffic obstruction and therefore collision risk. This type of study is classically carried out by using complex and multiple vessel dynamics simulation software in order to assess the risk for a given vessel to crash into the pier. The novelty of this study is to propose a statistical study based on the database of Automatic Identification System (AIS) of the Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) that is an automatic tracking system relying on ships transceivers. The technical objective is to identify low risk areas according to vessel speeds and sizes. Both factors should have an impact on the maneuverability of ships to avoid pier collision risk. Among all trajectories, straight line trajectories are selected based on statistical methods. The computation of prediction intervals of these trajectories delimits navigation zone. If all the straight trajectories are taken into account, the navigation zone extends to the whole river surface, which is not an helping result. However, by focusing on large and high speed vessels trajectories the navigation zone of these weak maneuverable ships is more centered in the middle of the river and represents only 25% of the river area. The complement of this area delineates possible locations of the temporary pier of the bridge in the river that do not disrupt vessel traffic.
Orthographic photogrammetry method for pavement texture characterization
Authors: Ban Ivana , Deluka-Tibljaš Aleksandra , Cuculić Marijana
Published: June 2022

Image analysis methods are recently in use for asphalt pavement surface texture characterization and analysis in terms of pavement friction performance assesment. These methods enable more detailed description of texture properties at both micro and macro texture levels which are important for friction realization as they result in a digital representation of pavement surface. In comparison to the traditional methods for texture characterization which result in one characteristic texture parameter, methods that are based on digital image analysis can yield more texture parameters describing both profile and spatial characteristics of inspected surface texture. Previous application of image analysis methods for pavement texture characterization showed that pavement texture and friction relationship could be described more thoroughly by including texture parameters other than standard mean texture depth and mean profile depth derived from traditional measuring procedures. The possibility of texture data acquisition by means of digital images that can be further processed and exploited for creation of a 3D digital pavement surface model is presented in this paper. A research was performed on selected pavements in use where orthographic photogrammetry method was applied for texture data acquisition. Images were used for creation of a 3D pavement surface model defined as a dense point cloud data with XYZ coordinates. From the created 3D digital texture model, selected texture parameters were calculated and compared to the frictional performance of the pavements determined for inspected surfaces by using standard pendulum device.