bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breeding Potential of Adventitious Species of Carassius auratus and Carassius gibelio (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae) in Water Bodies of Ukraine
Authors: Kokodiy S. V.
Published: January 2017

The following proofs of Goldfish more powerful reproductive potential are given: high individual and relative fecundity, adequate fractional spawning process resulting in numerous off spring, represented by different generations of hatchlings, little number of individuals not participating in reproduction, prevailing number of fish eggs in females’ ovaries, larger fraction of impregnated roe. All the above mentioned factors allow claiming that the Prussian carp is being replaced due to its low replacement ability. Perhaps for that reason Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) choose small isolated water bodies, where it makes small populations, backed up by successful spawning with a single male of crucian carp, Carassius carassius (Linnaeus, 1758).
Importance of Utliukskiy Liman for the Protection of Waterbirds in the Azov-Black Sea Region During Autumn Migration
Authors: Chernichko I. I. , Kostiushyn V. A. , Vinokurova S. V.
Published: January 2017

Utliukskiy Liman is one of three typical and at the same time unique limans in the northwestern part of the Azov Sea Region of Ukraine. Despite the considerable anthropogenic transformation of the liman it continues to be a valuable wetland for migratory waterbirds. The current publication based on data collected from 1994 to 2015, in the period of autumn migrations 19 counts were conducted at Utliukskiy Liman. In total 1,134,832 ind. of 90 waterbird species (8 orders) were recorded. Averagely at liman were presented 59,728 waterbirds, with maximum 115,095 individuals. Throughout the season, many characteristics of waterbirds at Utliukskiy Liman are varying significantly due to the timing of migration of different waterbird species and their abundance. Detail information on this is presented in the paper. Among the counted birds, 60 species have certain conservations status. Maximum number of 20 counted species exceeded 1% of their geographical populations. According to obtained results, Utlyukskiy Liman occupies a stable place among the five most valuable wetlands of the Azov-Black Sea coast of Ukraine — in different years from 5th to 1st place on the total number of waterbirds.
Histological, Topographical and Ultrastructural Organization of Different Cells Lining the Olfactory Epithelium of Red Piranha, Pygocentrus nattereri (Characiformes, Serrasalmidae)
Authors: Ghosh S. K. , Chakrabarti P.
Published: January 2017

The structural characterization of the olfactory epithelium in Pygocentrus nattereri Kner, 1858 was studied with the help of light as well as scanning and transmission electron microscope. The oval shaped olfactory rosette consisted of 26–28 primary lamellae radiated from midline raphe. The olfactory epithelium of each lamella was well distributed by sensory and non-sensory epithelium. The sensory epithelium contained morphologically distinct ciliated and microvillous receptor cells, supporting cells and basal cells. The non-sensory epithelium was made up of labyrinth cells, mucous cells and stratified epithelial cells. According to TEM investigation elongated rod emerging out from dendrite end of the receptor cells in the free space. The dendrite process of microvillous receptor cells contained microvilli. The supporting cells had lobular nucleus with clearly seen electron dense nucleolus. The apex of the ciliated non-sensory cells was broad and provided with plenty of kinocilia. Basal cells provided with oval nucleus and contained small number of secretory granules. The mucous cells were restricted to the non-sensory areas and the nuclei situated basally and filled with about two-third of the vesicles. The functional significance of various cells lining the olfactory epithelium was discussed with mode of life and living of fish concerned.
The Use of Ciliates (Ciliophora) for Bioassay of the Toxicity of Insecticides
Authors: Mamedova V. F. , Alekperov I. Kh.
Published: January 2017

Field and laboratory experiments have been carried out to determine the degree of toxicity in the soil community of ciliates of two insecticides: “Confidor Extra” and “Decis Profi” at concentrations of 80 mg/l, 50mg/l and 25mg/l. Laboratory experiments were performed with the soil ciliates species Colpoda cucullus (Müller, 1773). Changes in phagocytosis and osmoregulation were used as indicators of the survival and physiological parameters. In addition to the laboratory experiments, we carried out field experiments on experimental plots (50 × 50 cm) of the virgin soil. Field experiments were carried out in 5 replications. The results showed that the modification of physiological parameters is thinner exponent toxicity than survival.
iSeq: A New Double-Barcode Method for Detecting Dynamic Genetic Interactions in Yeast
Authors: Jaffe Mia , Sherlock Gavin , Levy Sasha F
Published: January 2017

Systematic screens for genetic interactions are a cornerstone of both network and systems biology. However, most screens have been limited to characterizing interaction networks in a single environment. Moving beyond this static view of the cell requires a major technological advance to increase the throughput and ease of replication in these assays. Here, we introduce iSeq—a platform to build large double barcode libraries and rapidly assay genetic interactions across environments. We use iSeq in yeast to measure fitness in three conditions of nearly 400 clonal strains, representing 45 possible single or double gene deletions, including multiple replicate strains per genotype. We show that iSeq fitness and interaction scores are highly reproducible for the same clonal strain across replicate cultures. However, consistent with previous work, we find that replicates with the same putative genotype have highly variable genetic interaction scores. By whole-genome sequencing 102 of our strains, we find that segregating variation and de novo mutations, including aneuploidy, occur frequently during strain construction, and can have large effects on genetic interaction scores. Additionally, we uncover several new environment-dependent genetic interactions, suggesting that barcode-based genetic interaction assays have the potential to significantly expand our knowledge of genetic interaction networks.
Assortative Mating and Linkage Disequilibrium
Authors: Hedrick Philip W
Published: January 2017

Assortative mating has been suggested to result in an increase in heritability and additive genetic variance through an increase in linkage disequilibrium. The impact of assortative mating on linkage disequilibrium was explicitly examined for the two-locus model of Wright (1921) and two selective assortative mating models. For the Wright (1921) model, when the proportion of assortative mating was high, positive linkage disequilibrium was generated. However, when the proportion of assortative mating was similar to that found in some studies, the amount of linkage disequilibrium was quite low. In addition, the amount of linkage disequilibrium was independent of the level of recombination. For two selective assortative models, the amount of linkage disequilibrium was a function of the amount of recombination. For these models, the linkage disequilibrium generated was negative mainly because repulsion heterozygotes were favored over coupling heterozygotes. From these findings, the impact of assortative mating on linkage disequilibrium, and consequently heritability and additive genetic variance, appears to be small and model-specific.
Time-Course Analysis of Gene Expression During theSaccharomyces cerevisiaeHypoxic Response
Authors: Bendjilali Nasrine , MacLeon Samuel , Kalra Gurmannat , Willis Stephen D , Hossian A K M Nawshad , Avery Erica , Wojtowicz Olivia , Hickman Mark J
Published: January 2017

Many cells experience hypoxia, or low oxygen, and respond by dramatically altering gene expression. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, genes that respond are required for many oxygen-dependent cellular processes, such as respiration, biosynthesis, and redox regulation. To more fully characterize the global response to hypoxia, we exposed yeast to hypoxic conditions, extracted RNA at different times, and performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis. Time-course statistical analysis revealed hundreds of genes that changed expression by up to 550-fold. The genes responded with varying kinetics suggesting that multiple regulatory pathways are involved. We identified most known oxygen-regulated genes and also uncovered new regulated genes. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis confirmed that the lysine methyltransferase EFM6 and the recombinase DMC1, both conserved in humans, are indeed oxygen-responsive. Looking more broadly, oxygen-regulated genes participate in expected processes like respiration and lipid metabolism, but also in unexpected processes like amino acid and vitamin metabolism. Using principle component analysis, we discovered that the hypoxic response largely occurs during the first 2 hr and then a new steady-state expression state is achieved. Moreover, we show that the oxygen-dependent genes are not part of the previously described environmental stress response (ESR) consisting of genes that respond to diverse types of stress. While hypoxia appears to cause a transient stress, the hypoxic response is mostly characterized by a transition to a new state of gene expression. In summary, our results reveal that hypoxia causes widespread and complex changes in gene expression to prepare the cell to function with little or no oxygen.
Identification of Genes MediatingDrosophilaFollicle Cell Progenitor Differentiation by Screening for Modifiers of GAL4::UAS Variegation
Authors: Lee Ming-Chia , Skora Andrew D , Spradling Allan C
Published: January 2017

The Drosophila melanogaster ovarian follicle cell lineage provides a powerful system for investigating how epigenetic changes contribute to differentiation. Downstream from an epithelial stem cell, follicle progenitors undergo nine mitotic cell cycles before transitioning to the endocycle and initiating differentiation. During their proliferative phase, follicle progenitors experience Lsd1-dependent changes in epigenetic stability that can be monitored using GAL4::UAS variegation. Eventually, follicle progenitors acquire competence to respond to Delta, a Notch ligand present in the environment, which signals them to cease division and initiate differentiation. The time required to acquire competence determines the duration of mitotic cycling and hence the final number of follicle cells. We carried out a screen for dominant modifiers of variegation spanning nearly 70% of Drosophila euchromatin to identify new genes influencing follicle progenitor epigenetic maturation. The eight genes found include chromatin modifiers, but also cell cycle regulators and transcription factors. Five of the modifier genes accelerate the acquisition of progenitor competence and reduce follicle cell number, however, the other three genes affect follicle cell number in an unexpected manner.
A preliminary investigation of in vitro anti-thrombotic and anti-platelet activity of Pinus Gerardiana
Authors: Rehman Atta-ur , Naz Sara , Zaman Muhammad , Saeed-ul-Hassan Syed , Iqbal Javed , Zaidi Awais Ali
Published: January 2017

Introduction: Hemostasis is a process which preserves the stability of a closed and high-pressure circulatory system after any vascular injury. Circulating platelets are recruited to the site of injury, where they develop a major component of the developing thrombus, blood clotting, started by tissue factor, concludes in the generation of thrombin and fibrin. Thrombosis is a serious event in the arterial diseases and a major cause in the development of myocardial infarction, stroke and venous thrombo-embolism which justify prominent morbidity and mortality rate. The knowledge of molecular and cellular mechanism of the formation of thrombus has developed considerably in the recent studies by using different in-vitro and in-vivo models of diseases. P. gerardiana nut oil has been reported to possess anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-septic, anti-neuralgic, diuretic, expectorant, hypertensive properties. However, hardly, any data is available regarding effects of nut oil on platelet function. In this study, fibrinolytic activity and effect on platelet aggregation were investigated. Method: P. gerardiana nut oil was extracted by using n-Hexane and then concentrated by rotary evaporator. Anti-thrombotic and fibrinolytic activities were evaluated on blood clot formation. Effects on platelet aggregation of the oil were determined based on collagen or epinephrine induced platelet aggregation. Results: P. gerardiana caused blood clot lysis in-vitro. P. gerardiana nut oil inhibited collagen dependent platelet aggregation while accelerated the epinephrine dependent platelet aggregation. In vitro whole blood coagulation was also reduced. In vivo P. gerardiana nut oil has no significant effect on blood cell indices. Conclusion: P. gerardiana nuts oil can be an effective therapy for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders and thromboembolism.
Socioeconomic Status, Smoke Exposure, and Health Outcomes in Young Children With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Ong Thida , Schechter Michael , Yang Jing , Peng Limin , Emerson Julia , Gibson Ronald L. , Morgan Wayne , Rosenfeld Margaret ,   for the EPIC Study Group
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND:

Lower socioeconomic status (SES) and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure are both associated with poorer disease outcomes in cystic fibrosis (CF), and children with low SES are disproportionately exposed to ETS. We analyzed a large cohort of young children with CF to distinguish the impact of SES and ETS on clinical outcomes.

METHODS:

The Early Pseudomonas Infection Control Observational study enrolled Pseudomonas-negative young children with CF <13 years of age. An enrollment survey assessed SES and ETS exposures. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), crackles and wheezes, and weight-for-age percentile were assessed at each clinical encounter over at least 4 years. Repeated measures analyses estimated the association of SES and ETS exposures with longitudinal clinical outcomes, adjusting for confounders.

RESULTS:

Of 1797 participants, 1375 were eligible for analysis. Maternal education was high school or less in 28.1%, 26.8% had household income <$40 000, and 43.8% had Medicaid or no insurance. Maternal smoking after birth was present in 24.8%, more prevalent in household with low SES. In separate models, lower SES and ETS exposure were significantly associated with lower FEV1% predicted, presence of crackles or wheezes, and lower weight percentile. In combined models, effect estimates for SES changed minimally after adjustment for ETS exposures, whereas estimates for ETS exposures were attenuated after adjusting for SES.

CONCLUSIONS:

ETS exposure was disproportionately high in low SES families in this cohort of children with CF. Lower SES and ETS exposure had independent adverse effects on pulmonary and nutritional outcomes. Estimated effect of SES on FEV1 decreased minimally after ETS adjustment, suggesting health disparity risks independent of ETS exposure.
“El enemigo llama a las puertas de la República…”: estrategias e iniciativas del clero contra la Revolución liberal en la Arquidiócesis de Quito (1895
Authors: Vizuete Luis Esteban
Published: January 2017

Dentro del conflicto entre Iglesia y Estado o clero y liberales, suele ponerse atención al ámbito político antes que al religioso. El estudio del conflicto político de inicios de 1895 y la posterior guerra civil, en el contexto de la Revolución Liberal en Ecuador, no ha sido la excepción. Este artículo pretende abordar las estrategias e iniciativas del clero de la Arquidiócesis de Quito con el fin de detener el avance de las montoneras liberales que subían desde la Costa hacia la Capital. Para tal fin, se analizan fuentes impresas y manuscritas poco tratadas. En estas se abordan los discursos eclesiales para aproximarlos a las prácticas religiosas que se llevaron a cabo entre junio y agosto de 1895. Dentro del cruce entre política y religión, los discursos de las autoridades eclesiásticas y sacerdotes, sobre el liberalismo, dejan apreciar la preocupación del clero hacia el avance de la secularización y una posible pérdida de la hegemonía religiosa. De ese modo, se propone que el clero dispuso de recursos económicos, de su relación pastoral con los fieles, y de actos religiosos masivos, como la Visita de la Virgen del Quinche, para mantener su monopolio social y el orden que el liberalismo amenazaba.
En los umbrales del arte moderno colombiano: la exposición francesa de 1922 en Bogotá y Medellín
Authors: Fernández Uribe Carlos Arturo , Villegas Gómez Gustavo Adolfo
Published: January 2017

Este artículo propone un análisis sobre el desarrollo de la exposición francesa de 1922 en Colombia. La exposición tuvo especial importancia en el desarrollo del gusto artístico moderno en el país y se convirtió en un eslabón de la modernidad artística en el país. El artículo analiza los objetivos de la exposición y los conceptos rectores señalados por los organizadores del evento. A continuación se hace un trabajo comparativo de las circunstancias y los efectos que tuvo la exposición en las dos ciudades que la acogieron: Bogotá y Medellín. En la primera de ellas, la exposición produjo un apreciable número de reflexiones críticas y el gusto moderno contó con la aceptación de un grupo de conocedores. En el caso de Medellín, la exposición fue antecedida por una serie de textos explicativos en una revista local. Éstos mostraron una visión influida por el conservadurismo artístico y no indicaron con precisión las implicaciones de las tendencias que participaban de la exposición. La recepción y las consecuencias de la exposición fueron distintas en ambas ciudades y eso generó un desarrollo distinto de la modernidad artística en cada ciudad.
Obras de Teatro y censura en Medellín entre 1850 y 1950
Authors: Correa Serna Nancy Yohana
Published: January 2017

El artículo analiza los repertorios de las compañías de ópera, zarzuela y teatro, nacionales y extranjeras, que visitaron la ciudad de Medellín (Colombia) entre 1850 y 1950. Los repertorios se componían en su mayoría de obras de autores extranjeros, por lo regular españoles y, en muy pocas ocasiones de piezas de dramaturgos nacionales. Para el control del contenido de las piezas representadas, desde 1909 se conformó, por parte de la administración municipal, unas Juntas de Censura, las cuales se mantuvieron vigentes durante todo el periodo estudiado. Ellas estaban encargadas de vetar aquellas obras consideradas inmorales o que atentaban contra los preceptos religiosos de los habitantes de la ciudad, quienes también, desde su lugar de espectadores, aprobaban o desaprobaban las puestas en escena a través de la manifestación pública en la función, o por medio del apoyo o la ausencia a la temporada programada por las compañías. La revisión de prensa, de las principales revistas culturales de la época, de algunos fondos del Archivo Histórico de Medellín y de las obras representadas, permitió reflexionar sobre la circulación y la apropiación de las representaciones sociales puestas en escena, las cuales sólo reproducían las prácticas y las experiencias aceptadas por las elites intelectuales y políticas de la ciudad.
La expulsión de extranjeros “perniciosos” en Colombia durante los últimos años de la Hegemonía Conservadora
Authors: Pita Pico Roger
Published: January 2017

A comienzos del siglo XX se registró en Colombia un aumento en la afluencia de extranjeros pero al mismo tiempo se incrementaron las políticas control en la entrada y permanencia de estos individuos. En el marco de la historia social y con base en fuentes documentales de archivo, este trabajo pretende analizar el proceso de expulsión de extranjeros indocumentados y “perniciosos” al final del mandato presidencial de Miguel Abadía Méndez (1926-1930). Para ello, se examinarán los motivos de estas expulsiones, las acciones encaminadas contra las extranjeras “de mala vida”, el destino de los absueltos y fugados y, finalmente, las complicaciones que giraron en torno a las diligencias de expulsión. Esta preocupación del gobierno por la presencia de extranjeros “perniciosos” obedecía al interés de alcanzar la seguridad nacional a través de un modelo social en el que eran seriamente cuestionadas prácticas como la vagancia, la mendicidad, el robo, la estafa, la prostitución y las actividades políticas sediciosas.
La manumisión de esclavos por compra y gracia en la Provincia de Antioquia, 1780-1830
Authors: Mejía Velásquez Karen , Córdoba Ochoa Luis Miguel
Published: January 2017

El artículo analiza las dinámicas de manumisión por gracia y por compra de los negros esclavizados en la Provincia de Antioquia durante los últimos años del periodo colonial y los primeros del republicano. En primera instancia se hace un breve esbozo del desarrollo económico de la Provincia y el impacto que generó en el sistema de explotación esclavista particular de esta región, para luego presentar un análisis de la manumisión por compra y gracia a partir de las cifras arrojadas por las fuentes primarias. Entre la documentación que se consideró en este estudio hay cartas de libertad, testamentos, pleitos judiciales, leyes, decretos, entre otros, emitidos en diferentes poblados de la Provincia durante el periodo estudiado. Este estudio muestra que a pesar de la gran importancia que tuvo el contexto particular de la Provincia en el éxito de las estrategias de libertad, la agencia de los esclavos debe ser considerada como uno de los principales motores que dinamizaron los procesos de manumisión.
López Cardona, Diego Armando. Memoria histórica del paro cívico del 12 de mayo de 1977 en La Ceja del Tambo, Antioquia. La lucha por la educación pública secundaria. Medellín: Publi_Libros Editores, 2015. ISBN: 978-958-58883-1-9
Authors: Escobar López Juan José
Published: January 2017

Este libro producto del trabajo de grado del historiador cejeño Diego Armando López Cardona fue ganador del Estímulo al Talento Creativo en el área de Patrimonio, que otorgó el Instituto de Cultura de Antioquia en 2015. Diversos objetivos determinaron esta investigación, entre otros, el lograr un ejercicio paralelo entre la historia regional de La Ceja, una historia de los movimientos cívicos del Oriente Antioqueño, de la educación pública en Antioquia, y la historia particular del paro cívico en lucha por la educación el día 12 de mayo de 1977. El autor realizó una reconstrucción del estado material y social del municipio y la región, entendiendo las dinámicas insurgentes que a partir de los años 60 se presentaron en Colombia, configurando un relato fidedigno desde el discurso oficial (archivos municipales, periódicos regionales y correspondencia del instituto educativo) y el discurso popular (entrevistas con actores del paro y habitantes de La Ceja que vivían en la época).
Escala mexicana de calidad en el servicio en restaurantes (EMCASER)
Authors: Vera Jorge , Trujillo León Andrea
Published: January 2017

En el presente artículo se describe el desarrollo de una escala para medir la calidad en el servicio en restaurantes en México. El objetivo es ofrecer una escala redactada en español para medir calidad en el servicio en restaurantes de servicio a mesa, que se ha denominado Escala mexicana de calidad en el servicio en restaurantes (EMCASER). Se realiza una revisión del concepto de calidad en el servicio, su medición en general y su medición específicamente en restaurantes, explicando cómo se realizó la detección inicial de atributos y dimensiones mediante un estudio exploratorio. Posteriormente, se exponen los resultados de diversas pruebas empíricas a través de las cuales se fue corrigiendo la escala y con las que se fueron mejorando indicadores de confianza y validez. Finalmente, se comparten los reactivos de esta escala ofreciéndolos abiertamente para su uso en estudios posteriores. En este trabajo, además, se examina el efecto de las dimensiones resultantes del instrumento sobre la opinión general, satisfacción e intención de recomendar. Una aportación importante de esta escala radica en que se basa en una detección amplia de atributos particularmente detectados en este sector, en lugar de partir de las dimensiones genéricas del instrumento de medición de calidad en el servicio más citado en la literatura: SERVQUAL.
Relevant Factors in the Process of Socialization, Involvement and Belonging of Descendants in Family Businesses
Authors: Lozano Posso Melquicedec , Urbano David
Published: January 2017

This research works toward the identification of the factors that comprise the process of socialization, involvement and initial belonging of descendants in family businesses and the key relationships between them. By means of a qualitative detailed study of four cases, complemented by a quantitative survey of 274 Colombian family businesses, the authors generate a new model that takes into account both factors explored in previous research as well as others identified in this study. Findings confirm the specific dependency of each stage on the subsequent ones; socialization influences involvement, which in turn influences the belonging of the descendants to the family business, with a strong presence of factors such as knowledge, leadership, mode, timing, and motivation. Those responsible for the orientation of potential successors may examine these findings in order to optimize their preparation efforts and support of family human resources for the continuity of the business.
Contratos de estabilidad jurídica en Colombia: un análisis desde la economía de la información y la economía política
Authors: Azuero Francisco , Guzmán Alexander , Trujillo María Andrea
Published: January 2017

El Gobierno colombiano creó los contratos de estabilidad jurídica (CEJ) en Colombia, mediante la Ley 963 del 2005, argumentando que eran necesarios para generar confianza a los inversionistas. Mediante estos contratos, se mantenían constantes las normas tributarias aplicables a las empresas firmantes, a cambio del compromiso por parte de estas de adelantar un proyecto de inversión y pagar una prima proporcional al valor de la misma. Sin embargo, la Ley 1607 del 2012 (reforma tributaria) derogó expresamente la Ley 963 del 2005, por lo que en la actualidad ya no se suscriben estos contratos. Es de interés examinar la racionalidad del Gobierno y las empresas firmantes en suscribir estos contratos. Este artículo analiza los CEJ desde la economía de la información y la economía política, y afirma que fueron creados en Colombia por el Gobierno, buscando maximizar los niveles de inversión en el corto plazo, al ofrecer una estabilidad tributaria, sabiendo que no era sostenible hacia el futuro. Esto puede asimilarse a un problema de consistencia intertemporal de la autoridad tributaria. Además, estos contratos pueden haber generado una divergencia entre la maximización del capital físico existente (propósito de un Gobierno benevolente) y el incremento en el flujo de inversión nueva (objetivo de un Gobierno que busca "mostrar resultados").
Análisis bibliométrico sobre la implementación de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en las administraciones públicas: aportaciones y oportunidades de investigación
Authors: Alcaide Muñoz Laura , Rodríguez Bolívar Manuel Pedro , López Hernández Antonio M.
Published: January 2017

En la actualidad el e-Gobierno es considerado uno de los principales temas incluidos en las agendas gubernamentales, parte central de la transformación de las administraciones públicas, e innovación en la gestión y rendición de cuentas. Aunque muchas han sido las investigaciones llevadas a cabo sobre esta temática desde diferentes perspectivas, no existe aún una clara justificación percibida por los expertos de su necesidad en procesos de reformas administrativas. Esta investigación plantea como objetivo ofrecer una base sólida para futuras investigaciones mediante el análisis de las publicaciones sobre la evolución de la implementación de las tecnologías asociadas a la información y la comunicación en las administraciones públicas (e-Gobierno) como instrumento esencial para las reformas administrativas realizadas en las revistas incluidas en el índice del Instituto para la Información Científica. El análisis bibliométrico llevado a cabo destaca el bajo grado de madurez de este tema y, como principal oportunidad de investigación, la necesidad de dotar al e-Gobierno de teorías sólidas y de investigaciones de carácter cuantitativo.
Morpho-agronomic assessment of introductions of butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) from Central America
Authors: Vásquez Gamboa Giomara , Ortiz Grisales Sanín , Vallejo Cabrera Franco Alirio , Salazar Villarreal Fredy Antonio
Published: January 2017

A Central American collection of butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) was characterized based on a series of morpho-agronomic descriptors and its variability assessed. Floral asynchrony ranging from 10 to 15 days was observed between staminate and pistillate flowers. Differences were also observed among introductions for all quantitative characteristics evaluated (P<0.01). An interaction between introduction and planting cycle (P<0.05) was observed for 50% of the evaluated variables: fruit weight, polar diameter of fruit, wall thickness of fruit, fruit color, days to harvest, and total fruit seed weight. Cluster analysis revealed that groups 3 and 5 gathered introductions presenting high yields and larger, heavier fruits. Group 4 gathered introductions with intermediate yields, high seed production, and thick fruit walls. In all cases, genetic improvement aiming to increase the production of fruit for fresh consumption or agro-industrial purposes as well as the production of oilseed should use introductions from groups 3 and 5 in well-planned crossings with introductions from group 4.
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from meat raw in Cartagena, Colombia
Authors: López Gutierrez Lersy , Bettin Martinez Alfonso , Suárez Mahecha Héctor
Published: January 2017

To determine the prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated in establishments that commercialize raw ground beef and pork chops in Cartagena- Colombia. 160 samples were analyzed through microbiological cultures in Baire Parcker agar, and it was determined the presence of mecA gen that codifies the methicillin resistance and the pvl that codifies the Panton- Valentine leukocidin toxin (PVL) by the multiplex PCR technique. The antibiotic susceptibility profile for MRSA strains was realized by automatized methods and for MSSA strains it was used Kirby Bauver. 66 samples were confirmed as S. aureus by PCR. The prevalence of MRSA was 7.5% and 33.8% of MSSA. The 66% of the strains were isolated from raw ground beef and the 34% of pork chop meat. The isolations presented about 2 – 12% of multi-resistance to the antibiotics used. The MRSA showed resistance to amoxicillin- clavulanate (57%), ampicillin-sulbactam and cefazolin (85%), erythromycin and clindamycin (7%), tetracycline (35%). The 10% of the isolated strains had the gen of PVL toxin and the 71% of those were identified in samples of raw pork meat and the 28% in raw ground beef. This study reports for the first time, how meat raw products commercialized in the city of Cartagena could build a dissemination source of MRSA carrier of PVL toxin that could generate a public health disease.
KEPADATAN DAN STRATIFIKASI KOMPOSISI SUMBER DAYA IKAN DEMERSAL DI LAUT CINA SELATAN (WPP – NRI 711)
Authors: Angin Robet Perangin , Sulistiono Sulistiono , Kurnia Rahmat , Fahrudin Achmad , Suman Ali
Published: January 2017

Informasi distribusi kepadatan stok dan komposisi ikan demersal sangat penting untuk diketahui sebagai bahan masukan guna keberhasilan pengelolaan perikanan. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi, kepadatan stok dan sebaran sumber daya ikan demersal di Laut Cina Selatan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Mei sampai Juni 2015 dengan menggunakan scientific echosounder BIOSONICS DT-X dan frekuensi 120 KHz. Untuk verifikasi data akustik terutama komposisi jenis dilakukan pengoperasian trawl. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komposisi jenis ikan demersal di Laut Cina Selatan meliputi 147 spesies dari 55 famili. Stratifikasi komposisi dikedalaman 20-30 m, 30-40 m, 40-50 m, 50-60 m, dan 60-70 m masing masing didominasi oleh ikan dari famili Leiognathidae, Lutjanidae, Nemipteridae, Tetraodontidae, dan Serranidae. Estimasi kepadatan stok sumber daya ikan demersal di Laut Cina Selatan berkisar antara 0,16 – 2,85 ton/km2 dengan rata-rata kepadatan 1,05 ton/km2. Information about density distribution and composition of demersal fish stocks is very important to be known as an input for the success of fisheries management. Current research aimed to determine the composition, stock density and distribution of demersal fish resources in the South China Sea. The research was conducted in May to June 2015 using scientific echosounder BIOSONICS DT-X and frequency of 120 KHz. Trawler sampling was done to verify the acoustic data, especially for species composition. The results show that the species composition of demersal fish in the South China Sea consisted of 147 species of 55 families. The stratification of the composition at the respective depth of 20-30 m, 30-40 m, 40-50 m, 50-60 m and 60-70 m, were dominated by fish families of Leiognathidae, Lutjanidae, Nemipteridae, Tetraodontidae, and Serranidae. The estimated stock density of demersal fish resources in the South China Sea ranged from 0.16 to 2.85 tonnes/km2 with the average of 1.05 tonnes / km2.
DAMPAK PEMBERLAKUAN MORATORIUM PERIZINAN TANGKAP TERHADAP UPAYA PENANGKAPAN DAN PRODUKSI RAWAI TUNA SKALA INDUSTRI YANG BERBASIS DI PELABUHAN BENOA-BALI
Authors: Rochman Fathur , Setyadji Bram , Jatmiko Irwan
Published: January 2017

PERMEN KP Nomor 56 tahun 2014  dan PERMEN KP Nomor 10 tahun 2015 berguna untuk mewujudkan pengelolaan perikanan yang bertanggung jawab dan penanggulangan terhadap Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan (WPP) Indonesia.  Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui dampak moratorium perizinan perikanan tangkap terhadap upaya penangkapan dan produksi rawai tuna yang berbasis di pelabuhan Benoa-Bali.Analisis data didasarkan pada hasil enumerasi oleh enumerator Loka Penelitian Perikanan Tuna (LPPT) di pelabuhan Benoa, dari Januari 2012 sampai dengan Desember 2015. Moratorium perizinan perikanan tangkap efektif diberlakukan pada tanggal 3 Nopember 2014. Hasil studi menunjukkan terjadi kenaikan pada rata-rata  produksi, upaya dan CPUE perikanan tuna skala industri di pelabuhan Benoa di tahun 2015 (setelah moratorium). Kenaikan produksi, CPUE dan upaya penangkapan perikanan tuna skala industri di pelabuhan Benoa berturut turut sebesar 6-18%, 3,3-16% dan 4-11% dari rata-rata produksi, CPUE dan upaya penangkapan 3 tahun sebelum moratorium.  Meskipun terjadi kenaikan produksi, CPUE, dan upaya penangkapan namun setelah di uji statistik tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (tidak berdampak nyata). The Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Regulation number 56 year 2014  and number 10 year 2015 are directed to realize a responsible fisheries management and counter-measures of Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing in Indonesian Fisheries Management Area (FMA). The contents of the regulation is a temporary suspension (moratorium) and temporary licensing of capture fisheries  imposed to the boat constructed overseas and restriction of fisheries transshipment. The objectives of this study is to identify the impact of this regulation on the efforts and productivity rate of the industrial longline tuna based in Benoa port, Bali. This study was the result of analysis on data collected by Research Institute for Tuna Fisheries (RITF) in Benoa port, Bali during 2012-2015. The moratorium was started on 3 November 2014. The results  of the study showed that production, effort and CPUE were increased after this regulation been in forced. Within the period of 3 years, the average increasing production, CPUE and effort of the industrial scale tuna longline in Benoa port were at the range of 6-18%, 3.3-16% and 4-11%, respectively, although, it was found that the results were statistically not significant.
Foundation punch-through in clay with sand: analytical modelling
Authors: Ullah S. N. , Stanier S. , Hu Y. , White D.
Published: January 2017

Severe punch-through of jack-up rig foundations can occur due to the presence of a stronger sand layer in a bed of relatively soft clay. Analytical estimation of the bearing capacity and leg load–penetration response on such multi-layer stratigraphies is challenging. Accurate mechanism-based models need to be established in each of the layers involved and the effects of the mechanisms in each of the layers on the response in the other layers must be captured. Based on the recently developed failure stress-dependent punch-through models for sand–clay stratigraphies, an extended model is proposed for clay–sand–clay stratigraphies. Half-spudcan particle image velocimetry centrifuge tests and full-spudcan centrifuge tests are used in developing and validating the extended model. The centrifuge test results were discussed in a companion paper and this paper focuses on the analytical developments and prediction assessment. Both spudcan peak resistance (qpeak) and spudcan punch-through depth (dpunch) can be estimated using the model. The predictions by the extended model and by the current industry guidelines are compared against the centrifuge test data. The extended model proposed in this paper outperforms the approaches suggested in the guidelines. An advantage of the proposed approach is that it can be used for either sand–clay or clay–sand–clay scenarios and exhibits excellent performance compared to the model testing dataset considered in this work for both cases. The resulting penetration resistance model is a useful design tool for routine punch-through risk assessment.
Laboratory foundation model with pyrite-bearing mudstone fill
Authors: McKeon Éanna P. , O'Connell Aidan M. , McCabe Bryan A.
Published: January 2017

Damage to domestic dwellings in the greater Dublin area of Ireland engendered by the expansion of the underfloor fill material containing pyrite has become a high-profile national problem in recent years. In this paper, a novel physical model is described in which the profile of underfloor materials representative of Irish construction practice is modelled; the relevant vertical dimensions are at full scale. The study has enabled the rate of pyritiferous expansion to be ascertained over a period of 830 d at laboratory temperatures; rates of 0·0021 and 0·0008 (mm/mm)/year were observed with no loading and a pressure of 3·4 kPa on the concrete slab, respectively. The rates of expansion are broadly consistent with those obtained from reference pipe experiments. These data are an important frame of reference for anticipating the time required to generate a specific amount of floor movement in domestic dwellings. Pressures generated within the fill are low and consistent with the occurrence of significant expansion.
Evaluation of mechanical and electrochemical properties of FHA-coated Co–Cr implant
Authors: Shirdar Mostafa Rezazadeh , Izman Sudin , Kheimehsari Hirbod Maleki , Ahmad Norhayati , Ma’aram Azanizawati
Published: January 2017

In this study, hydroxyapatite (HA) and fluoridated hydroxyapatite (FHA) as a comparison were deposited electrophoretically on a cobalt (Co)–chromium (Cr)-based implant to increase its surface bioactivity and reduce ion release. The coated substrates were then sintered at 650°C for 1 h. Typical apatite structures were obtained for both coatings after electrophoretic deposition and subsequent post-treatment. The morphology of the coated layers was characterised using field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Mechanical properties of the coated layers including adhesion strength and Vickers microhardness were examined. In addition, the electrochemical corrosion behaviour of the FHA-coated substrate was evaluated in simulated body fluid solution and compared to uncoated as well as HA-coated samples. The results indicate that FHA coating has a denser structure compared to the HA-coated layer, resulting in the improvement of mechanical properties as well as corrosion resistance. Furthermore, immersion test findings reveal that FHA coated Co–Cr shows lower Cr ion release after 1, 7, 14 and 21 d of immersion as compared to the HA-coated implant.
Radikale postkolonialisme en die Suid-Afrikaanse universiteitswese
Authors: Greffrath W
Published: January 2017

In hierdie artikel word onlangse studenteprotes gekontekstualiseer teen die agtergrond van politieke tendense in die Suid-Afrikaanse staat en samelewing. Die verstryking van die postapartheidstydperk word oorweeg, tesame met die gelyktydige ontluiking van 'n radikale en postkoloniale sosiopolitiese tydsgees. Laasgenoemde word as vertrekpunt gebruik vir 'n evaluasie van studenteprotes en die eise wat aan hoër onderwys en universiteite in Suid-Afrika gestel word. Gevolglik word die universiteit se funksie en verhouding teenoor staat en samelewing oorweeg en word daar gedemonstreer hoe hierdie verhoudings moontlik sal verander in 'n postkoloniale milieu. Die plek en rol van Afrikaans by universiteite word ook spesifiek bespreek.
"As long as they behave themselves": Heterosexual recuperation in South Africans' talk about homosexuality
Authors: Morison T , Mtshengu A , Sandfort T , Reddy V
Published: January 2017

Several qualitative researchers using discursive methodologies have noted how opposition to homosexuality has not necessarily diminished, despite the general expression of liberal tolerance in many settings. Instead, heterosexist rhetoric has shifted to accommodate political change. Our research builds on this observation within the South African context, using a discursive psychology approach. We examine rhetorical strategies of "heterosexual recuperation": the ways that heterosexual boundaries and the dominance of heterosexuality are maintained by speakers, at the same time as they attempt to avoid being heard as heterosexist. Drawing on data from a qualitative study conducted with heterosexual-identifying Black South Africans (32) from four provinces, we focus on talk that was resourced by a "discourse of tolerance" and characterised by speakers' concern to avoid the attribution of heterosexism. This talk was analysed using thematic analysis, to which discursive psychology techniques were applied. We identified two ways of speaking that relied on this discourse - (1) "As long as they do it in private", and (2) "Flashing their homosexuality" - and show how they ultimately worked to recuperate heterosexuality and marginalise non-normative sexualities. We discuss the implications of these findings in relation to a critical psychology that works to challenge hetero-patriarchal norms.
NECESSIDADE DE REABILITAÇÃO ORAL E ACESSO AOS SERVIÇOS ODONTOLÓGICOS DE IDOSOS INSTITUCIONALIZADOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE FEIRA DE SANTANA-BA
Authors: Sampaio Nelia Medeiros , Oliveira Mario Cezar , Ortega Adriana Lira , Sampaio Murilo
Published: January 2017

Descrever as condições sociodemográficas, necessidade de reabilitação oral e acesso aos serviços odontológicos de  idosos institucionalizados no município de Feira de Santana, Bahia. Realizou-se um estudo transversal com 307 idosos, 80 residentes em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPI) e 227 não-institucionalizados. Quanto à necessidade de reabilitação bucal, os idosos institucionalizados apresentaram maiores frequências de indivíduos que não usavam prótese dentária (68,35%), quando usavam, 52,0% delas foram consideradas inadequadas. Evidenciou-se o edentulismo como problema de saúde pública da pessoa idosa e que o grupo populacional formado por idosos institucionalizados demonstraram maiores necessidades de reabilitação bucal, bem como menor acesso a serviços odontológicos quando comparados ao grupo de idosos não institucionalizados na cidade de Feira de Santana-Ba.
SISTEMAS ADESIVOS: EVOLUÇÃO E PERSPECTIVAS – REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Bispo Luciano Bonatelli
Published: January 2017

INTRODUÇÃO: A odontologia adesiva desenvolveu materiais e técnicas capazes de preservar o tecido dentário através da união do substrato com sistemas resinosos adesivos. Modernamente os componentes resinosos são utilizados em restaurações adesivas diretas, na cimentação de bráquetes ortodônticos, na cimentação de restaurações indiretas, na obturação de canais radiculares, no selamento de regiões de má coalescência do esmalte como cicatrículas e fissuras, entre outros. OBJETIVOS: O objetivo desse estudo foi fazer uma revisão sobre a evolução dos sistemas adesivos e discutir os principais esforços da atualidade em aprimorá-los no sentido de minimizar seus inconvenientes. MÉTODOS: Seleção de artigos através das bases eletrônicas LILACS e PubMed/ MEDLINE usando os termos de indexação: adesivos dentinários, adesivos e hidrólise entre os anos de 1999 e 2016. RESULTADOS: Os sistemas adesivos têm sido motivo de estudos no sentido de preservar a interface existente entre a resina composta e o esmalte e a dentina. Essa união apresenta problemas como: degradação hidrolítica, separação de fases entre os componentes hidrofílicos e hidrofóbicos, falta de homogeneidade na formação da camada híbrida, exposição de fibrilas colágenas não completamente envolvidas pelos monômeros a serem polimerizados, lixiviação dos monômeros, diferenças no gradiente de concentração osmótico, dificuldade de maior intimidade entre materiais orgânicos e inorgânicos, interação ou remoção da smear layer e presença de bactérias quiescentes nessa interface adesiva. Os maiores inconvenientes são: nanoinfiltração, com invasão bacteriana e cáries secundárias. CONCLUSÕES: Conhecer os avanços nos sistemas adesivos e empregá-los corretamente é fundamental para um prognóstico favorável da qualidade das restaurações estéticas adesivas.
DOENÇA PERI-IMPLANTAR EM PACIENTE COM DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: De Andrade Neri Jamille Freitas , Tunes Roberta Santos , Barreto Maurício Andrade , Leal Jr. Morbeck Dos Santos , Brito de Oliveira Caroline Argolo , Tunes Urbino Da Rocha
Published: January 2017

A terapêutica com implantes dentários osseointegráveis tem sido utilizada em todo o mundo, entretanto, revela complicações biológicas, como as alterações peri-implantares que podem levar à perda dos mesmos.  Essas alterações podem ser classificadas em mucosite peri-implantar e peri-implantite. Existem múltiplos fatores associados com as alterações peri-implantares, dentre estes, o diabetes mellitus (DM). O DM é um grupo de alterações metabólicas, caracterizada pela hiperglicemia crônica resultante de defeitos na secreção ou ação da insulina, podendo ser DM tipo 1 ou DM tipo 2. Apresenta influência na saúde peri-implantar já que é responsável por aumento da inflamação, estresse oxidativo e apoptoses celulares com consequente retardo na cicatrização. A peri-implantite é a maior responsável pela perda de implantes dentários, por isso, conhecer a relação do DM no processo da doença é fundamental para criação de protocolos de prevenção, tratamento e manutenção da saúde peri-implantar. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o caso de um paciente com obesidade e diabetes mellitus tipo 2, reabilitado com 4 implantes osseointegráveis em região posterior e bilateral de mandíbula nos anos de 2008/2009 que, após 5 anos, apresentou peri-implantite nas unidades reabilitadas com considerável perda óssea.
PESQUISA E INOVAÇÃO: O ESTADO DA ARTE
Authors: Souza Fernandes Atson Carlos de
Published: January 2017

No cenário mundial contemporâneo ciência, tecnologia e inovação (C,T&I) tornaram-se marca registrada dos países com capacidade de desenvolvimento, crescimento econômico e geração de emprego e renda. O domínio e a capacidade de aplicação do conhecimento científico no setor produtivo tem ampliado as oportunidades de investimento e crescimento, determinadas a partir da geração de novos produtos, processos, serviços e formas de organização, permitindo a muitas nações o protagonismo das decisões e implementação de estratégias inovadoras que atendam às demandas locais, regionais ou mesmo globais.