bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Building pedagogical partnerships
Authors: Knapp Katie , Fannon Anne-Marie , Xing Iris , Radman Marissa Spinosa , Pretti T. Judene
Published: October 2024

Engaging students as pedagogical partners in teaching and learning in higher education is becoming increasingly prevalent. However, developing and sustaining such partnerships can be challenging. The present study highlights the potential of utilizing work-integrated learning (WIL) students as partners. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 university instructors to explore how access to an online learning assistant (OLA) program helped them navigate remote instruction challenges. The OLA program was a novel WIL initiative providing co-operative (co-op) education students with full-time, paid work to assist instructors transitioning to remote learning. Unexpectedly, our findings demonstrate that pedagogical partnerships emerged in the context of this WIL program, leading to teaching and learning benefits. Online learning assistants were able to assist instructors with many of the difficulties they faced, although some program challenges also emerged. Our findings suggest that full-time, paid co-op student positions offer a unique program structure that make them ideal for the development and ongoing success of pedagogical partnerships.
Empowering student learning
Authors: Smart Kelsey , Chester Julia , Guberman Daniel
Published: October 2024

This case study explores the impact of a student partnership in an undergraduate psychology course focused on alcohol use and disorders at a large public university in the United States. It shares insights into the process of creating a student partnership program, pairing a student with an instructor, and sharing feedback via observation notes from the student perspective. This case study highlights the value of this student partnership by detailing the course implementations inspired by observation notes and conversations about pedagogical goals. The three pedagogical goals of the partnership were to foster an accessible learning environment, increase student engagement, and structure the course based on learning outcomes. The partners share their final thoughts on the process through a discussion of the strengths of and future opportunities from this experience.
Reflections on co-researching AI literacy
Authors: Partridge Martha , Kuo Yen-En , Hamapongnitinan Nattanan , Chen Liming , Huang Haoyuan
Published: October 2024

Students as Partners (SaP) approaches have gained more and more traction in higher education in recent years (Dai & Matthews, 2022). Rooted in values such as reciprocity and shared responsibility, SaP can offer opportunities for internationalizing the curriculum and departing from traditional teacher-student hierarchies (Green & Baxter, 2022). This case study focuses on a SaP project involving international students and their English for Academic Purposes (EAP) teacher, which investigated artificial intelligence (AI) literacy during a UK pre-sessional course in summer 2023. The project identified that learning about the limitations of AI, in addition to developing skills for effective prompt writing, was beneficial to students (Partridge et al, 2023). This case study reflects on the challenges and benefits of SaP for both students and the teacher using the Advance HE (2016) Framework for Student Engagement Through Partnership. Based on these reflections, the case study offers recommendations for future SaP projects including effective scheduling, defining roles, engaging in continual reflection, and formally recognising student input.
Stasis Interruptus
Authors: Mallozzi Lou
Published: October 2024

Tanaka Atsuko’s Work (Bell) from 1955 is an important and layered work that pre-figures the genre of sound art. Part of its complexity lies in the fact that there is no “original” version, and that the artist executed several iterations over several decades, remaining true to the work’s core identity but varying its specific materiality and thereby emphasizing its situational nature. At the experiential level, the complexity of the work includes issues of agency, rupture, sonic architectonics, and transhistorical interpretation. The author responds to artist Shiraga Fujiko’s concise and insightful firsthand account of her 1955 encounter with the work as a foundation to address these and other meanings and implications of Work (Bell).
About Work (Bell)
Authors: Meruro Washida
Published: October 2024

This updated and newly translated version of the author’s 2007 essay describes in detail the various versions of Tanaka Atsuko’s pioneering Work (Bell). In the absence of the original 1955 version of the piece, Tanaka oversaw several reconstructions that now present a complicated legacy for the piece and its experience for audiences.
Ship with a soul: A brief history of the Canadian oceanographic research vessel CSS/CCGS Hudson (1963-2022)
Authors: Gordon Donald C.
Published: October 2024

N/A
Can planktonic Foraminifera help to implement the new United Nations High Seas Treaty?
Authors: Schafer Charles T. , Rashid Harunur
Published: October 2024

N/A
Homalotheciella subcapillata (Hedw.) Broth., a new moss species to Canada from old broadleaved forests of Nova Scotia
Authors: Neily Thomas H. , Haughian Sean R. , Clapp Harold
Published: October 2024

We report Homalotheciella subcapillata (Hedw.) Broth. for the first time in Nova Scotia, found in the western-most part of the province. Upon examination of a previously reported collection of this species from Saskatchewan, we determined that the previous collection was misidentified and conclude that our collections represent the first records of this species for Canada. The moss was found to grow only on old beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) trees in mature to old growth mixed broadleaved forests. The species has likely been present in Nova Scotia for many decades but was not previously detected due to low search effort. Given the apparent rarity and substrate specificity, the decline of its host tree, and the fact that it is threatened or vulnerable in the USA, we recommend that steps be taken to conserve this species and its habitats in Nova Scotia. 
Keywords: arboreal, Brachytheciaceae, bryophyte, epiphyte, moss
Effective management of endangered Blanding’s Turtle (Emydoidea blandingii) populations in Nova Scotia, Canada, requires consideration of threats posed by legacy gold mine contamination
Authors: Bowes Brianna L. , Walker Tony R.
Published: October 2024

The Nova Scotia, Canada, Blanding’s turtle (Emydoidea blandingii) population is designated as endangered both federally and provincially. Currently, its range is confined to five disjunct sub-populations in the province’s southwestern interior. With fewer than 500 breeding adults in the wild, current recovery efforts are focused on reducing mortality risk to adult and juvenile turtles. However, little is being done to address the cumulative impacts of environmental contamination on species fitness and reproductive capacity. This paper focuses on legacy impacts of Nova Scotia’s gold mining industry within present-day Blanding’s turtle critical habitat, with a focus on mercury and arsenic contamination. To date, previous studies have not considered the impacts of legacy gold mining contaminants on Blanding’s turtle recovery and conservation. Three historical gold mining areas were identified as overlapping with Blanding’s turtle ranges (West Caledonia District, Brookfield District, and Pleasant River Barrens District). To address the current knowledge gap, site assessments for Blanding’s turtle presence, food web contamination surveys, turtle claw tissue sampling, and overall site remediation are recommended to complement existing recovery efforts.
Keywords: Blanding’s turtle, critical habitat, environmental con-tamination, gold mine tailings
New records of Leptuca tallanica (Brachyura, Ocypodidae) in the Parita Gulf, Panama, Pacific
Authors: Lombardo Roberto
Published: October 2024

Presentamos el primer reporte del cangrejo violinista peruano, Leptuca tallanica (von Hagen, 1968), en Panamá. La identificación de especímenes en dos sitios en el Golfo de Parita fue confirmada por la presencia de una frente moderadamente ancha, parches pilosos en forma de coma en el caparazón de los machos, una depresión triangular pilosa en la base del pollex, y una proyección fuerte y tuberculada en la sección sub‐distal del pollex. Nuestros hallazgos amplían el rango de distribución previamente conocido en el Pacífico oriental desde el sur de Ecuador y el norte de Perú hacia el norte hasta Panamá.
L. P. Karsavin and V. N. Lossky: ecclesiological parallels
Authors: Khondzinskii Pavel
Published: October 2024

Research literature often speaks of the influence of L.P. Karsavin’s ideas on V.N. Lossky, since the latter listened to the philosopher’s lectures at St. Petersburg University. This influence is mentioned by such authors as R. Williams, S.S. Khoruzhy, Prot. G. Florovsky, S. N. Nikitina and others. However, they all focus primarily on two points: the significance of Filioque in the development of Western civilization and the concept of personality. Hence the ecclesiological aspect in the heritage of both authors, which is certainly very important, remains beyond the scope of consideration. It is connected primarily with the question whether the administrative structure of the Church can be determined by its mystical life and, thus, whether it can have not a historically temporal and relative, but an existential significance. V. N. Lossky first poses this question in “The Mystical Theology of the Eastern Church”, and gives the answer in his post-war works, first of all in the articles published in the new series of “Herald Of the Russian Patriarchal Exarchate” 1950: “Temptations of Church Consciousness " and "On the third property of the Church." They formulate the idea of “apostolic circles” of the hierarchy, which can be realized at the level of both the universal and the local Church, equally preserving their catholicity and, thus, being a reflection of the Divine Trinity. Based on the ideas of Joseph de Maistre, A. S. Khomyakov and V. S. Solovyov, Karsavin developed his concept of “symphonic personality” in the 1920s. According to Karsavin, the Church is also a “symphonic personality”. The symphonic personalities of local churches, being a part of the symphonic personality of the universal Church, at the same time possess its fullness. A comparison of these concepts allows us to come to the conclusion that V.N. Lossky in one way or another used the ideas of his teacher, transferring them from the philosophical to the theological horizon.
“Now the voice of Isaiah the prophet…”: on the unusual attribution of Old Testament prophecy in Ancient Church hymnography
Authors: Serebryakov Nikolay
Published: October 2024

The article considers an unusual case of "incorrect" attribution of the words of the prophet Malachi to the prophet Isaiah on the example of two hymns of the service of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist (24 June), written by St. John of Damascus (7th – 8th centuries) and St. Kassia (9th century). According to the author, this attribution is due to the fact that the hymnographers did not directly use the text of the prophetic book, but quoted this prophecy in the transmission of Mark 1. 2. The form of the quoted Gospel text corresponded to the Alexandrian text-type of New Testament manuscripts, where the prophet Isaiah is indicated as the author of the prophecy quoted in Mark 1. 2. The following is a discussion of the possible reasons for the use by the hymnographers in question of the New Testament text instead of the Old Testament text: (1) the words of Mark 1. 2 (and the parallels in Matt 11. 10 and Luke 7. 17) may have been more familiar to Christians of that time than their Old Testament prototype; moreover (2) the Gospel restatement of the prophecy revealed its meaning, pointing to the divinity of Jesus Christ, as well as clarifying the sense of John the Baptist's ministry. The reasons for the use of Mark 1. 2 (despite the problematic character of these apostolic words because of the unusual attribution of prophetic words) could be the prominent position of this verse at the beginning of the Gospel of Mark and its connection with the proclamation there of the messianic dignity of Jesus Christ, as well as the fact that the hymnographers continued the patristic tradition of advocacy of the correctness of the words of Mark 1. 2. At the end of the article some peculiarities of the use and interpretation of the text of the Holy Scriptures in Byzantine hymnography are pointed out on the basis of the material considered. First of all, it is the use of the Old Testament words in their New Testament version, because this version of the words is better known to Christians and has already been interpreted by the apostles themselves. It is no less important that in their use and interpretation of the biblical text the hymnographers clearly followed the preceding patristic exegetical tradition, including trust in the words of the Holy Scripture.
From “The way of life” to “The code of thoughts”: problems of reconstruction of Leo Tolstoy’s religious-philosophical worldview
Authors: Kasavina Nadezda , Prokopchuk Yury , Semenova Ksenia
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the history of the creation of the "Code of Thought of Leo Tolstoy", which reflects the writer's system of views and reconstructs the religious and philosophical foundations of his work. This literary and philosophical monument began to be created during Tolstoy's lifetime and with his participation, the process of collecting and systematizing the thoughts of the classic took several decades. The Code presents various aspects of the writer's religious, philosophical, moral, and aesthetic views. The sources of the Code are Tolstoy's artistic, philosophical and journalistic works. The study of the stages of the evolution of the thinker's worldview shows a clear tendency to create metatexts that reflect all the facets of his religious and philosophical teaching. However, the "Code of Thoughts" was never published, despite the efforts of Tolstoy's closest disciples and followers. The authors of the article trace the influence of the structure of the writer's last collection of thoughts "The Way of Life" on the overall content composition of the "Code of Thoughts", showing that it was it that was taken as the basis for the formation of the text setting forth the main features of Tolstoy's worldview. With the help of archival sources introduced into scientific circulation (documents from the funds of V.G. Chertkov, N.N. Gusev and others), the authors made an attempt to clarify the features of the work on this monument, to show the influence of the socio-cultural, political context, life circumstances that prevented the publication of "The Code of Thoughts of L.N. Tolstoy", which was supposed to become a bright page in Russian philosophical thought. "The Way of Life" was a guideline for the creators of the "Code of Thoughts", which was a way of religious and philosophical conceptualization of the writer's heritage, the key foundations of his consideration of man, spiritual life, social and cultural changes. The work shows the importance of this work, which has not yet been published, for understanding the history of Russian culture, for the interpretation of topical problems of modern Tolstoy studies. The methods found for reconstructing the worldview architectonics of the "Code of Thoughts" can be the basis for continuing its study and further work on preparing for publication a monument that resurrects the work and aspirations of both the writer himself and his like-minded people.
Musical instruments from the period of antiquity found on the territory of Turkmenistan (artifacts of Margush, ancient Merv and old Nisa)
Authors: Gurbanova Jamilya
Published: October 2024

The concept of musical culture includes many components, the most important of which are musical instruments. The purpose of this study is to describe artifacts found on the territory of Turkmenistan, depicting musical instruments, which represent a valuable source of information that reveals amazing facts about the culture and life of the distant ancestors of the Turkmens. Musical instruments and their images found in the excavations of Margush, Ancient Merv and Old Nisa make it possible to reveal interesting facts about the culture of the ancient peoples who inhabited Turkmenistan in ancient times, as well as to reveal their connections with other civilizations.
Alien Mollusks of Crimean Origin in Other Parts of Ukraine: Present Distribution and Chronology of Its Discovery
Authors: Gural-Sverlova N. V. , Gural R. I.
Published: October 2024

Known records of five species of land snails of Crimean origin (Brephulopsis cylindrica (Menke, 1828), B. bidens (Krynicki, 1833), Mentissa gracilicosta (Rossmässler, 1836), Monacha fruticola (Krynicki, 1833, Helix albescens Rossmässler, 1839) in Ukraine outside the Crimea were analyzed. It was found that at least single species from this list are now reliably registered in more than half of the administrative regions of Ukraine. Maps for B. cylindrica, M. fruticola, and H. albescens were compiled. The data systematized in the article can become the basis for monitoring the further spreading of the analyzed species in Ukraine.
Length-Weight Relationship and Population Dynamics of Fringescale Sardinella Sardinella fimbriata (Clupeiformes, Clupeidae) from Malampaya Sound, Palawan, Philippines
Authors: Vicente J. A. , Palla H. P.
Published: October 2024

The study investigated the growth, mortality, exploitation rate and recruitment of Fringescale sardinella (Sardinella fimbriata Valenciennes, 1847) found in Malampaya Sound, Palawan, Philippines. A total of 1200 samples were collected from April 2023 to March 2024. The relationship between length and weight was expressed as y = 0.0291 x 2.561 for combined sex, y = 0.0404 x 2.4254 for males, and y = 0.0355 x 2.4856 for females. The resulting b values pinpoint to a negative allometric growth. The calculated regression model showed a significant association during which the p-values were below 0.0000 and the r2 values ranged between 0.76 and 0.79. Estimation using the FISAT II software resulted in an asymptotic length (L∞) = 16.28 cm, growth rate (K) = 0.68 yr-1, maximum length (Lmax) = 15.78 cm, theoretical age at birth (t0) = –0.5515 years and growth performance index (ɸ’) = 2.256. The estimated average total mortality rate (Z), natural mortality (M), and fishing mortality (F) were 2.69, 1.68, and 1.01 per year, respectively. Recruitment occurs throughout the year and peaks in June. It can be noted that the exploitation is calculated as 0.38, which is considered lightly exploited. To have a sustainable population and avoid overfishing, an optimum total yield (E50) can be set at an exploitation rate of 0.278. The maximum yield (Emax) is at an exploitation rate of 0.421.
Otolith Mass Asymmetry of Pampus candidus (Osteichthyes, Stromatidae) from Iraqi Marine Waters
Authors: Qasim A. , Jawad L. A.
Published: October 2024

The otolith mass asymmetry of the fish species Pampus candidus was assessed. The findings indicated a significant level of asymmetry comparison with similar studies on other fish species. The level of asymmetry was shown to increase with the size of the fish, where the utmost estimate of the otolith weight irregularity was obtained. The detected otolith asymmetry may be linked to pollutants in the sampling area.
Is It More Visible from Above? Comparison of the Effectiveness of Methods for Locating the Bobak Marmot Marmota bobak (Rodentia, Sciuridae) Burrows in Ukraine
Authors: Brusentsova N. , Vasyliuk O.
Published: October 2024

Burrow systems detection is a reliable method for counting Bobak marmots. We compared the effectiveness and labour costs of three methods of burrow detection: ground survey, unmanned aerial vehicle survey and satellite survey. The research was conducted in 2021 (Kyiv region). Ground surveys mapped 42 (12 main and 24 secondary) burrows, while UAV imagery identified 45 burrows. The proportion of burrows detected by satellite imagery was 48 % of the number of burrows mapped by the ground survey. Secondary burrows were more difficult to detect than main burrows. The largest area of marmot family group territories was calculated from UAV data (0.27 and 0.08 ha), the smallest from satellite imagery data (0.11 and 0.01 ha). To obtain complete information on marmot colonies, it is best to use either UAV surveys or traditional ground surveys. If it is necessary to find potential areas where animals may live, or to estimate their distribution, then the best option for detecting burrows is the analysis of satellite imagery. The most promising approach is to study colonial burrowing mammals using a combination of ground and remote sensing methods. This provides the opportunity to obtain different types of data.
Pathological Changes in the Liver Parenchyma of Reptiles as a Factor Influencing the Processes of Hematopoiesis (on the Example of Lacertidae: Eremias arguta)
Authors: Akulenko N. M.
Published: October 2024

The influence of liver repair processes on haematopoiesis in scaly reptiles, in particular the steppe runner Eremias arguta (Pallas, 1773) is considered. Specimens with maximum and minimum liver parenchyma damage were selected from the same biotope and their liver myelogram indices were compared. It was shown that macrophage activation during liver repair stimulates lymphoid and myeloid haematopoietic progenitor cells in steppe runners. On the contrary, differentiation of erythroid cells at the normocyte stage is somewhat reduced, probably due to lack of resources.
Influence of Tempetature on Viability and Deveplopment of Heterakis gallinarum (Nematoda, Heterakidae) Eggs
Authors: Yevstafieva V. , Omelchenko O. , Melnychuk V. , Nagorna L. , Petrenko M. , Shaferivskyi B. , Kravchenko S. , Suprunenko K. , Karysheva L. , Sheiko S. , Burda T. , Syzonenko N. , Savenkova O. , Liulka V.
Published: October 2024

Pinworms of the genus Heterakis Dujardin, 1845 parasitize a wide range of hosts, including a number of species of domestic and wild birds. These nematodes are ecologically adapted to the climatic conditions of many geographical zones, which contributes to their widespread distribution. The aim of the work was to investigate the influence of different temperature regimes at laboratory conditions on the growth, development and viability of eggs isolated from the gonads of female nematodes Heterakis gallinarum Schrank, 1788. The conducted studies established that, depending on the cultivation temperature, nematode eggs developed from 6 to 56 days, and their survival rate was from 67.7 to 83.7 %. The temperature of 25 °С was the most favourable for the development of H. gallinarum eggs, the development lasted 12 days and the highest number of eggs with motile infective larvae was formed (83.7 %). It was found that the period of egg development in cultures gradually decreased with increasing temperature: it was 56 days at 15 °C, 18 days at 20 °C, 12 days at 25 °C and 6 days at 30 °C. The survival rate of H. gallinarum eggs gradually increased with increasing temperature in regimes of 15 °С, 20 °С and 25 °С to 67.7 %, 80.7 % and 83.7 %, respectively. At a temperature of 30 °C, egg survival decreased slightly to 78.7 %. It was found that the development of H. gallinarum eggs from the zygote stage to the formation of motile infective larvae, depending on the temperature regime of cultivation, is accompanied by a decrease in egg length by 4.9–5.4 %, an increase in egg width by 4.1–7.6 % and a thinning of the shell by 9.5–28.6 %. Under different temperature regimes, the morphometric parameters of eggs during their development differ in terms of their length, width and shell thickness.
Comparison of Criteria Weight Determination Using MEREC and CRITIC Methods in Choosing The Best Student Accommodation with the MOORA Method Case Study: Coventry University
Authors: Hilmi M. Thosin Yuhaililul , Rosiani Ulla Delfana , Astuti Ely Setyo
Published: October 2024

One of the challenges faced by IISMA Awardees and students in general in Coventry University is choosing a comfortable place to live. Although various student accommodations are provided, differences in facilities and considerations from other parties such as parents and friends make the selection process complicated. This study develops a decision support system to help students choose student accommodation objectively without any intervention from others and provides a comparison of the use of different combinations of methods as additional guidance in the decision-making process. Two methods, Method Based on the Removal Effects of Criteria (MEREC) and Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC), are used to weight the criteria. The Multi-Objective Optimization (MOORA) method is used to determine the best alternative after the weight calculation is known. The results using a combination of the MEREC-MOORA method and a combination of the CRITIC-MOORA method place Alternative 5 (A5) in first place, while the remaining alternatives show a similar ranking order. In this study, scenario testing was also carried out by deleting and adding criteria and alternatives which then provided ranking results with a positive correlation even though different combinations of methods were used in determining the ranking.
Juventude e Participação Política
Authors: Rosa Rangel Regiane
Published: October 2024

O projeto “Juventude e participação política”, na Escola Marista Social Irmão Rui, capacita jovens em situação de vulnerabilidade social para atuarem em espaços públicos promovendo a compreensão e a garantia de direitos básicos em uma sociedade desigual. Os estudantes passam por preparação na área de Ciências Humanas, incluindo leituras, pesquisas e assembleias, e recebem formação para ocupar espaços públicos, como a Câmara Municipal de Ribeirão Preto, tornando-se Parlamentares Jovens com mandato de até três anos. Esse engajamento segue a educação libertadora de Paulo Freire, promovendo o protagonismo dos estudantes na transformação social.
The Rodrigo & Luz Chronicles: A Composite Counterstory
Authors: Gómez Marchant Carlos Nicolas , Sánchez Gutiérrez Gerardo , Johnson Amy Rae , Aguilar Alexandra R. , M´endez Pérez Karina , Baniahmadi Mona
Published: October 2024

We provide a composite counter story based on our own experiences grappling with investigating elementary Latinx learners’ experiences and how we have leaned on each other to resist the whiteness of learning to do research in pursuit of a Ph.D. As the counterstory shows, we collectively worked together to write our own continuations of the story between Rodrigo, a graduate research assistant on a project about Latinx learners’ experiences, and Luz, a 4th grade Latina learner who is participating in the study. Together, we supported each other to use storytelling to challenge dominant narratives of the relationship between researcher and researched. Our hope is that this counterstory helps others to reflect on and explore issues of assimilation and provides them permission to challenge how we do research.
The Whiteness Protection Program: A Typology of Agentic White Defense
Authors: Jayakumar Uma Mazyck , Grummert Sara E. , Adamian Annie S.
Published: October 2024

White defensiveness in response to racial justice education has increasingly been understood through the “white fragility” framework. This study puts forth a new framework that instead identifies a typology of white defensive moves that actively work to uphold and fortify the white racial contract. Inspired by Solórzano and Delgado-Bernal’s (2001) framework for understanding students of color resistance to racism as active (even when it might look passive, on the surface), our theoretical model illustrates four distinct categories of white racial defense that actively protect whiteness. Because white defensiveness has been primarily examined in the context of Traditionally White Institutions, where white students have been presumed to be “ignorant” or “lacking stamina” for encounters in which whiteness is challenged, we provide examples from an instrumental case analysis (Stake, 1995) of 15 in-depth interviews with white students attending three different Historically Black Universities, where their whiteness has become hypervisible and salient. We identify a typology of four agentic forms of defense: The “Innocent Defense,” The “Liberal Defense,” The “Antiracist Defense,” and The “Persecuted Defense.” We refer to these defenses together as “the whiteness protection program” to connote a collective agreement (part of the racial contract), which calls for rethinking the individualized and passive notion of white fragility.  In the end, we argue that understanding these modes of resistance as agentic, rather than fragile results of lack of exposure and knowledge, is essential to disrupting white supremacy and fostering students of color well-being.
Transformation of theoretical approaches to enhancing the effectiveness of preferential policies
Authors: Latkin Alexander , Lixia Tao
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of many years of research by the authors on the evolution of theoretical and methodological approaches to substantiate the prerequisites and conditions for the creation of preferential regimes in various countries and regions. Based on a generalization of a large array of information sources, it was concluded that the applied forms of these regimes (free and special economic zones, free ports, territories of rapid socio-economic development, etc.) are components of regional systems in which special conditions for the functioning of entrepreneurial enterprises are legally established. structures to achieve strategic goals of economic growth. The above study notes the negative experience of creating free economic zones in the Russian Federation in the 90s of the last century due to organizational and economic omissions in the ongoing state policy, with an emphasis on the need for a more informed approach to managing the effectiveness of the implementation of such national projects in the current conditions of stagnation of the Russian economy. Paying special attention to the specifics of the stages of development of preferential regimes, the authors of the article propose a systematization of numerous factors influencing their effectiveness based on the characteristics of spatial localization, level of management, and degree of distribution. The theoretical and practical significance is represented by the author's approach to the formation of a system for managing the effectiveness of preferential regimes, starting with its main component — setting goals for their creation, consistent with the strategic goals of the development of regions and the country. Recognizing the existing imperfection of the holistic system for assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of preferential regimes that are in the process of formation in Russia, the authors emphasize the timeliness and importance of developing appropriate methodological tools, especially taking into account modern external challenges.
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO FRAMEWORK SCRUM EM PROCESSOS DE APRENDIZAGEM COLABORATIVA NA EDUCAÇÃO TÉCNICA: UMA ANÁLISE SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Leite Costa Jonas , Sant Ana Storch Izabella , Tabosa Rocha Daiana , Do Nascimento Ribeiro Rezende Priscila
Published: October 2024

A aprendizagem colaborativa visa promover um diálogo constante entre todos os envolvidos no processo educativo, de modo a estimular a proatividade e a troca de conhecimentos. Nesse contexto, a adoção do framework Scrum surge como uma oportunidade para sistematizar o processo de aprendizagem colaborativa. Sendo assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo promover uma análise da viabilidade de implementação do Scrum em processos de aprendizagem colaborativa na educação profissional técnica de nível médio, explorando suas forças, fraquezas, oportunidades e ameaças. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, foram realizadas uma revisão narrativa de literatura, que permitiu a construção do embasamento teórico da pesquisa, e uma revisão sistemática de literatura, que possibilitou a coleta e análise de publicações relevantes e atualizadas sobre a aplicação do Scrum no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Com a realização deste trabalho, verificou-se que o Scrum pode representar uma valiosa oportunidade para estimular habilidades como autonomia, cooperação e autorregulação. Além disso, por ser de uso amplo na gestão de projetos de diversas áreas, sobretudo em Tecnologia da Informação, o domínio do framework Scrum pode se apresentar como um diferencial profissional no currículo dos estudantes.
Research trends in stable isotope ecology on unconsolidated intertidal ecosystems
Authors: Seltnercich Nicolás , Bergamino Leandro , Lercari Diego
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the role of stable isotope ecology in unconsolidated sediment coastal systems, focusing on scientific production and research trends over time. Existing literature is analyzed to identify knowledge gaps and highlight the significance of stable isotope analysis in understanding coastal ecosystems. A comprehensive bibliometric analysis is employed, utilizing Scopus database to collect and categorize relevant publications on stable isotope ecology. Key indicators are focused on, including publication trends, authorship patterns, and the geographic distribution of research efforts. The temporal scale of studies is systematically analyzed, with attention given to methodological approaches used in these publications. Co-authorships networks and co-occurring keywords are examined to explore the intellectual structure of the field and identify collaborative patterns among authors. Over 140 publications are revealed, attributed to more than 400 researchers, with a significant increase in interest noted over time, particularly in trophic studies involving macrobenthos. Mudflats are identified as a focal point, receiving more attention than sandy beaches. The analysis indicates that seasonality is the predominant temporal scale, while mesoscale studies are observed to be more common in spatial investigations. A plateau in publication growth is noted, probably corresponding with the emergence of alternative methodologies for trophic ecology studies. Major contributions are attributed to France, the United States and Australia. Additionally, fragmented collaboration networks are illustrated through the co-authorship analysis, with limited international engagement among developing nations. Overall, the critical importance of stable isotope ecology in understanding coastal ecosystems is underscored, while the need for methodological diversity and increased collaboration in future research efforts is highlighted.
“Hi. I’m Molly, Your Virtual Interviewer!” Exploring the Impact of Race and Gender in AI-Powered Virtual Interview Experiences
Authors: Biswas Shreyan , Jung Ji-Youn , Unnam Abhishek , Yadav Kuldeep , Gupta Shreyansh , Gadiraju Ujwal
Published: October 2024

The persistent issue of human bias in recruitment processes poses a formidable challenge to achieving equitable hiring practices, particularly when influenced by demographic characteristics such as gender and race of both interviewers and candidates. Asynchronous Video Interviews (AVIs), powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI), have emerged as innovative tools aimed at streamlining the application screening process while potentially mitigating the impact of such biases. These AI-driven platforms present an opportunity to customize the demographic features of virtual interviewers to align with diverse applicant preferences, promising a more objective and fair evaluation. Despite their growing adoption, the implications of virtual interviewer identities on candidate experiences within AVIs remain underexplored. We aim to address this research and empirical gap in this paper. To this end, we carried out a comprehensive between-subjects study involving 218 participants across six distinct experimental conditions, manipulating the gender and skin color of an AI virtual interviewer agent. Our empirical analysis revealed that while the demographic attributes of the agents did not significantly influence the overall experience of interviewees, variations in the interviewees' demographics, significantly altered their perception of the AVI process. Further, we uncovered that the mediating roles of Social Presence and Perception of the virtual interviewer critically affect interviewees' Perceptions of Fairness (+), Privacy (-), and Impression management (+).
Estimating Contribution Quality in Online Deliberations Using a Large Language Model
Authors: Gelauff Lodewijk , Goyal Mohak , Dindukurthi Bhargav , Goel Ashish , Siu Alice
Published: October 2024

Deliberation involves participants exchanging knowledge, arguments, and perspectives and has been shown to be effective at addressing polarization. The Stanford Online Deliberation Platform facilitates large-scale deliberations. It enables video-based online discussions on a structured agenda for small groups without requiring human moderators. This paper's data comes from various deliberation events, including one conducted in collaboration with Meta in 32 countries, and another with 38 post-secondary institutions in the US.

Estimating the quality of contributions in a conversation is crucial for assessing feature and intervention impacts. Traditionally, this is done by human annotators, which is time-consuming and costly. We use a large language model (LLM) alongside eight human annotators to rate contributions based on justification, novelty, expansion of the conversation, and potential for further expansion, with scores ranging from 1 to 5. Annotators also provide brief justifications for their ratings. Using the average rating from other human annotators as the ground truth, we find the model outperforms individual human annotators. While pairs of human annotators outperform the model in rating justification and groups of three outperform it on all four metrics, the model remains competitive.

We illustrate the usefulness of the automated quality rating by assessing the effect of nudges on the quality of deliberation. We first observe that individual nudges after prolonged inactivity are highly effective, increasing the likelihood of the individual requesting to speak in the next 30 seconds by 65%. Using our automated quality estimation, we show that the quality ratings for statements prompted by nudging are similar to those made without nudging, signifying that nudging leads to more ideas being generated in the conversation without losing overall quality.
Combining Human and AI Strengths in Object Counting under Information Asymmetry
Authors: Liu Songyu , Steyvers Mark
Published: October 2024

With the recent development of artificial intelligence (AI), hybrid human-AI teams have gained more attention and have been employed to solve all kinds of problems. However, existing research tends to focus on the setting where the same task is given to humans and AI. This work investigates a scenario where different agents have access to different types of information regarding the same underlying problem. We propose a probabilistic framework that combines the predictions of humans and AI based on the quality of the information given by both agents. We apply this framework to a regression task in which humans and AI are given different views of a jar and aim to estimate the number of objects in it. We demonstrate that our model can outperform methods that ignore information asymmetry. Furthermore, we show that complementarity can be achieved, i.e., combining human and AI predictions leads to better performance than relying on humans or AI alone. This framework can be adapted to solve other problems in which different sources of information from multiple agents are present.
Predicting and Understanding Human Action Decisions: Insights from Large Language Models and Cognitive Instance-Based Learning
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Ngoc , Jamale Kasturi , Gonzalez Cleotilde
Published: October 2024

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in tasks from translation to complex reasoning. For AI systems to help effectively, understanding and predicting human behavior and biases is essential. However, it remains an open question whether LLMs can achieve this goal. This paper addresses this gap by leveraging the reasoning and generative capabilities of LLMs to predict human behavior in two sequential decision-making tasks. These tasks involve balancing between exploratory and exploitative actions and handling delayed feedback, which is essential for simulating real-life decision processes. We compare the performance of LLMs with a cognitive instance-based learning (IBL) model, which imitates human experiential decision-making. Our findings indicate that LLMs excel at rapidly incorporating feedback to enhance prediction accuracy. In contrast, the IBL model better accounts for human exploratory behaviors and effectively captures loss aversion bias — the tendency to choose a sub-optimal goal with fewer step-cost penalties rather than exploring to find the optimal choice, even with limited experience. The results highlight the benefits of integrating LLMs with cognitive architectures, suggesting that this synergy could enhance the modeling and understanding of complex human decision-making patterns.
User Profiling in Human-AI Design: An Empirical Case Study of Anchoring Bias, Individual Differences, and AI Attitudes
Authors: Nourani Mahsan , Hashky Amal , Ragan Eric D.
Published: October 2024

People form perceptions and interpretations of AI through external sources prior to their interaction with new technology. For example, shared anecdotes and media stories influence prior beliefs that may or may not accurately represent the true nature of AI systems. We hypothesize people's prior perceptions and beliefs will affect human-AI interactions and usage behaviors when using new applications. This paper presents a user experiment to explore the interplay between user's pre-existing beliefs about AI technology, individual differences, and previously established sources of cognitive bias from first impressions with an interactive AI application. We employed questionnaire measures as features to categorize users into profiles based on their prior beliefs and attitudes about technology. In addition, participants were assigned to one of two controlled conditions designed to evoke either positive or negative first impressions during an AI-assisted judgment task using an interactive application. The experiment and results provide empirical evidence that profiling users by surveying them on their prior beliefs and differences can be a beneficial approach for bias (and/or unanticipated usage) mitigation instead of seeking one-size-fits-all solutions.
Responsible Crowdsourcing for Responsible Generative AI: Engaging Crowds in AI Auditing and Evaluation
Authors: Deng Wesley Hanwen , Yurrita Mireia , Díaz Mark , Suh Jina , Judd Nick , Groves Lara , Shen Hong , Eslami Motahhare , Holstein Kenneth
Published: October 2024

With the rise of generative AI (GenAI), there has been an increased need for participation by large and diverse user bases in AI evaluation and auditing. GenAI developers are increasingly adopting crowdsourcing approaches to test and audit their AI products and services. However, it remains an open question how to design and deploy responsible and effective crowdsourcing pipelines for AI auditing and evaluation. This workshop aims to take a step towards bridging this gap. Our interdisciplinary team of organizers will work with workshop participants to explore several key questions, such as how to improve the output quality and workers' productivity for GenAI evaluation crowdsourcing tasks compared to discriminative AI systems, how to guide crowds in auditing problematic AI-generated content while managing their psychological impact, ensuring marginalized voices are heard, and setting up responsible and effective crowdsourcing pipelines for real-world GenAI evaluation. We hope this workshop will produce a research agenda and best practices for designing responsible crowd-based approaches to AI auditing and evaluation.
PACE: Participatory AI for Community Engagement
Authors: Hassan Saad , Asad Syeda Mah Noor , Eslami Motahhare , Mattei Nicholas , Culotta Aron , Zimmerman John
Published: October 2024

Public sector leverages artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the efficiency, transparency, and accountability of civic operations and public services. This includes initiatives such as predictive waste management, facial recognition for identification, and advanced tools in the criminal justice system. While public-sector AI can improve efficiency and accountability, it also has the potential to perpetuate biases, infringe on privacy, and marginalize vulnerable groups. Responsible AI (RAI) research aims to address these concerns by focusing on fairness and equity through participatory AI. We invite researchers, community members, and public sector workers to collaborate on designing, developing, and deploying RAI systems that enhance public sector accountability and transparency. Key topics include raising awareness of AI's impact on the public sector, improving access to AI auditing tools, building public engagement capacity, fostering early community involvement to align AI innovations with public needs, and promoting accessible and inclusive participation in AI development. The workshop will feature two keynotes, two short paper sessions, and three discussion-oriented activities. Our goal is to create a platform for exchanging ideas and developing strategies to design community-engaged RAI systems while mitigating the potential harms of AI and maximizing its benefits in the public sector.
Uncertainty as a Fairness Measure
Authors: Kuzucu Selim , Cheong Jiaee , Gunes Hatice , Kalkan Sinan
Published: October 2024

Unfair predictions of machine learning (ML) models impede their broad acceptance in real-world settings. Tackling this arduous challenge first necessitates defining what it means for an ML model to be fair. This has been addressed by the ML community with various measures of fairness that depend on the prediction outcomes of the ML models, either at the group-level or the individual-level. These fairness measures are limited in that they utilize point predictions, neglecting their variances, or uncertainties, making them susceptible to noise, missingness and shifts in data. In this paper, we first show that a ML model may appear to be fair with existing point-based fairness measures but biased against a demographic group in terms of prediction uncertainties. Then, we introduce new fairness measures based on different types of uncertainties, namely, aleatoric uncertainty and epistemic uncertainty. We demonstrate on many datasets that (i) our uncertaintybased measures are complementary to existing measures of fairness, and (ii) they provide more insights about the underlying issues leading to bias.