bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sürtünme Karıştırma Prosesi ile Elde Edilen Yüzey Metal Matrisli Kompozitlerin Mekanik Özelliklerini Geliştiren Çoklu Mekanizmalar
Authors: GENÇER Gökçe Mehmet
Published: July 2021

Sürtünme karıştırma prosesi (SKP), sürtünme karıştırma kaynağı (SKK) yöntemi esaslı olup, metalik malzemelerin özelliklerini iyileştirmek için geliştirilmiş bir katı hal yöntemidir. Yöntem ile sert ikincil faz partiküllerin matris yapısına dağıtılarak eklenebilme (yerleştirilebilme) imkanı, yöntemin sonradan yüzey metal matrisli kompozit (YMMK) üretiminde de yaygın şekilde kullanılmasını sağlamıştır. Basit, çevreci ve düşük maliyetli bir katı hal yöntemi olması, yüzey kompoziti üretiminde kullanılan birçok sıvı ve gaz hal yöntemlerine göre daha ön plana çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Sürünme karıştırma prosesiyle yüzey metal matrisli kompozit elde ederken malzemenin mikroyapısının ve mekanik özelliklerinin geliştirilmesinde birçok farklı mekanizma birlikte rol oynamaktadır. Matris yapısında elde edilen bu mukavemet arttırıcı mekanizmalar, yöntemin işlem gören malzemeye kazandırdığı kendine has özellikler ile kullanılan sert ikincil faz partiküllerin matris yapısına dağılmasıyla gelişen özelliklerin melezlenmesi ile sağlanmaktadır. Çalışmada SKP ile elde edilen YMMK’lerin mekanik özelliklerindeki gelişmede sert ikincil faz partiküllerin, dinamik rekristalizasyonun, Zener sabitlemenin (iğneleme) ve Orowan mekanizmasının etkileri incelenmiştir.
Valoración de activos biológicos aplicados en el cultivo de Aguacate Hass, a través de la evaluación por expansión bajo la metodología de opciones reales
Authors: Fabio Lopez Hector , Colmenares Florez Ricardo , Lara Papamija Denis
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo permite abordar la contabilización de los activos biológicos  a valor razonable como herramienta útil y generadora de valor para una asociación de productores de aguacate  hass, desde el inicio de la producción  hasta la culminación del ejercicio,  así mismo permitirá  la valoración de un proyecto de inversión  el cual contiene la expansión  y contracción de dicho proyecto el cual  se valorará por el sistema tradicional de valor presente neto y así mismo por la metodología de  opciones reales, incluyendo los árboles binomiales, donde se puede concluir que la contabilización a valor razonable del activo real, puede generar valor en su rentabilidad  de acuerdo al estándar internacional en cualquier tiempo durante la producción, de igual manera se devela que el proyecto de inversión valorado por el sistema tradicional no es viable, y al valorar el proyecto bajo la metodología por  opciones  reales genera flexibilidad la cual permite generar valor y  que el proyecto sea rentable para la asociación.
tratamiento del desempleo en el derecho derivado de la Unión Europea
Authors: Pazó Argibay José Manuel
Published: July 2021

El tradicional carácter económico de los Tratados relegó a un segundo plano el desarrollo de los aspectos sociales, entendidos estos como resultado natural de la cuestión económica. En consecuencia, la principal vía de desarrollo en materia social en el ámbito del Derecho de la Unión Europea ha sido a través de instrumentos de Derecho derivado.

En relación con el desempleo, su desarrollo normativo ha seguido el mismo esquema, con una presencia residual en el Derecho originario de la Unión Europea y su necesario y tardío desarrollo a través de instrumentos de derecho derivado.

Este trabajo ofrece un recorrido sobre los principales hitos en el desarrollo normativo del desempleo en el Derecho derivado de la Unión Europea.
autodeterminación de género en el ámbito educativo: mecanismos de implementación en las universidades
Authors: Marzal Raga Reyes
Published: July 2021

El derecho de autodeterminación de género tiene importantes implicaciones en el desarrollo del derecho a la educación y muy concretamente en el ámbito universitario. El estudio analiza, en primer lugar, las dificultades que afronta el reconocimiento del derecho de autodeterminación de género y el impulso que la legislación autonómica ha supuesto para superar el inicial enfoque antidiscriminatorio, en favor de un concepto jurídico-constitucional de identidad desarrollada con plena libertad. Después se analiza cuál es la posición de las Universidades y qué mecanismos tienen para garantizar la tutela integral de la identidad de género, con especial atención a las Universidades de la Comunitat Valenciana.
Trabalho humano na primeira linha da pandemia: assistência sócio sanitária
Authors: Pimentel Helena
Published: July 2021

Apresenta-se em análise um problema de saúde que se prolonga há mais de um ano e não se sabe quando termina. Globalmente, a Covid-19 atingiu fortemente o setor da saúde e o setor social. Os profissionais de saúde da primeira linha têm-se revelado verdadeiros heróis na luta musculada contra o novo vírus SARS-CoV-2.
Apresentam-se como objetivos: identificar as implicações da pandemia no trabalho humano dos profissionais de saúde da primeira linha, nomeadamente a mulher como rosto deste trabalho, bem como analisar a epidemiologia da doença e a assistência socio-sanitária.
Procedemos a uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema considerando publicações desde o início da pandemia até ao momento atual.
O grave impacto da pandemia Covid-19 é explícito nos números reportados e os profissionais de saúde da primeira linha estão particularmente expostos ao risco físico e psicológico.
Os avanços científicos, a ampla divulgação para melhor conhecer o vírus e a forma de o controlar, a cooperação internacional, bem como a vacinação e os medicamentos mais eficazes no tratamento têm acompanhado este processo e mantido a esperança no futuro.
Tratamiento en la nueva ley concursal del personal de alta dirección y de la venta de unidad productiva
Authors: Blasco Jover Carolina
Published: July 2021

El Real Decreto Legislativo 1/2020, de 5 de mayo, por el que se aprueba el Texto Refundido de la Ley Concursal incorpora importantes novedades en materia laboral. Entre ellas, las que tienen que ver con la venta de la unidad productiva en sede concursal. En este trabajo, se analizan las nuevas reglas competenciales en la materia y la limitación de la responsabilidad del adquirente. La innovación que, al respecto, plantea la norma concursal, sin embargo, arroja ciertas dudas sobre la existencia de un posible supuesto de ultra vires. Por lo demás, en este trabajo también se va a dar oportuna cuenta del tratamiento que se le dispensa en la norma al personal de alta dirección y a la introducción que se efectúa de la figura del director general.
Valuing FSA Research and Development
Authors:   Risk Solutions
Published: July 2021

We fund research and development across a broad spectrum of areas aimed at improving public health and consumer confidence and developing more flexible approaches to regulation that deliver effective assurance. The intended benefits from our funded research can be hard to measure and attribute, such as new food safety standards which may lead to positive social change. Previous attempts to assess the benefits delivered by our research have met with limited success, and our own review of the literature concluded that none of the published valuation methodologies met our need. This project was commissioned to develop a new bespoke valuation methodology that could be used to inform the prioritisation of future research and development investment.
STRATEGI RRI (RADIO REPUBLIK INDONESIA) PALEMBANG MEMPERTAHANKAN MINAT PENDENGAR DI ERA DIGITALISASI PENYIARAN
Authors: Maharani Dwi
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan Strategi Defisi Pemberitaan RRI untuk Mempertahankan Minat Pendengar di Era Digitalisasi Penyiaran. Pendekatan penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Objek pada penelitian ini  membahas strategi pemberitan RRI terhadap Konten, Target Audience, Jam Siar, dan SDM. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah Kepala Pusat Pemberitaan RRI, Reporter Pro 3 RRI, Penyiar Pro 3 RRI, dan Kontributor Pro 3 RRI. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, studi kepustakaan, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan penelitian diperoleh strategi yang dilakukan RRI untuk mempertahankan minat pendengar dengan cara (1) membuat program yang melibatkan pendengar, yang mana pendengar dapat mengirimkan dan memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat atau disebut citizen journalism melalui RRI 30 Detik. (2) RRI melakukan siaran selama 24 jam dalam sehari. (3) RRI bekerja sama dengan Pusdiklat, membuat program reporter dan presenter unggulan serta mengadakan diskusi rutin dengan presenter dan reporter di lapangan. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkat kulaitas presenter dan reporter, yang mana tugas mereka langsung berhubungan dengan pendengar.Selain itu, dalam hal teknologi untuk memasuki era digitalisasi. (4)  RRI menciptakan tiga aplikasi berbasis sistem android dan iOS yang dapat diunduh google store dan Appstore antara lain RRI Play, Be Young, dan RRI 30 Detik.
THE USE OF YOUTUBE-BASED INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA IN LEARNING ENGLISH IN THE NEW NORMAL ERA
Authors: Sirait Dahlia , Harahap Yulia Sari , Handayani Aminda Tri
Published: July 2021

The research objective is to determine the use of interactive learning media based on YouTube and also to see the response of educators and students regarding the use of YouTube. This study used a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach to see the response of the use of YouTube. In order to get accurate results, the researchers used interviews and observations. The subjects of this study were 7th semester English education students who are familiar with the YouTube. The data analysis technique used in this research is thematic data analysis techniques with instruments in the form of observation and direct interviews with students. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the use of interactive multimedia learning media based on YouTube for English language education students of UMN AW was mainly for accessing information media. Educators and students' responses in using YouTube also showed how YouTube has become as an alternative media in learning English, both with positive and negative sentiments. The implication of the study is hoped to motivate lecturers and students to develop interactive media based on YouTube in learning English.

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TEACHERS’ BELIEFS ABOUT EFFECTIVE FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING OF STUDENTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY IN A GREEK EFL CONTEXT
Authors: Rapti Danai , Koukou Mina , Soulis Spyridon-Georgios
Published: July 2021

Teachers’ beliefs are a central construct in education as they influence their teaching attitude, methods and practices, thus, their exploration becomes particularly important. The aim of the present study is to examine teachers’ beliefs regarding foreign language teaching of students with intellectual disability. The sample consisted of ten English as Foreign Language (EFL) teachers who teach at Greek special/vocational schools in secondary education. Semi-structured interviews were used as a tool for data collection. The research findings suggest a lack of training of EFL teachers regarding specialized foreign language teaching methods for students with intellectual disability. Furthermore, there is a notable lack of training in using digital technology. As a result, further training of EFL teachers in teaching methods and use of digital technology is deemed necessary.

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INVESTIGATION OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC PERIOD OF AMATEUR AND PROFESSIONAL SOCCER PLAYERS
Authors: Cağdanlioğlu Mustafa Burak , Biçer Mürsel , Vural Mehmet
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study is to examine the physical activity levels of amateur and professional football players during the covid-19 pandemic period. For this purpose, 54 amateur female, 69 amateur male and 36 professional male football players participated in the study. The long version of the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to determine the physical activity levels of the participants. SPSS 22.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA) program was used for statistical processing of the data. Values were presented as minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation, and standard error. Significance level was accepted as p<0.05. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used for normality test. One Way Anova and LSD tests were performed to analyze the differences between groups. As a result of the statistical analysis, a significant difference was found in the total MET scores of amateur women and amateur men for home-garden work (p<0.05). A significant difference was found in the transportation section bicycle MET scores of the professional male and amateur female groups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the MET scores of the age and sports age groups of the participants (p>0.05). As a result, it can be said that the physical activity levels of amateur women, amateur men and professional men groups are low.

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PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPTIONS AND PRACTICES OF YOUTH AND ADULT EDUCATION TEACHERS IN THE INCLUSION OF STUDENTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY
Authors: Leite Graciliana Garcia , Perez Campos Juliane Ap. P.
Published: July 2021

Background: Youth and Adult Education (YAE) is a teaching modality in Brazil aimed at people who have not had access to mainstream school or not completed their schooling. Objective of the study was to characterise the pedagogical practices of teachers in the mainstream classroom and special education, working with students with intellectual disabilities at YAE. Method: Qualitative descriptive approach. Observations in classrooms and interviews with teachers. Data consolidated by content analysis and arranged in themes. Results: Teachers have difficulty meeting the student’s specific needs and developing pedagogical resources and strategies to promote access to knowledge. Conclusions: Need exists for greater collaboration between regular and special education teachers to organize the pedagogical planning enabling more assertive pedagogical practices.

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TEACHING A CHILD WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS TO TOLERATE DELAYED REINFORCEMENT
Authors: Gajić Anja , Arsić Bojana , Maćešić-Petrović Dragana , Bašić Aleksandra , Parezanović Ružica Zdravković
Published: July 2021

It is necessary to teach children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) delayed reinforcement skills. The aim of the present case study was to examine the effectiveness of shaping procedure application in order to increase appropriate wait time with a six year old boy diagnosed with ASD. In this study we applied delayed reinforcement protocol, which is based on the shaping procedure. The procedure was applied during discrete trial training, natural environment teaching and in home environment by parents. Baseline data was collected regarding adequate wait time exhibited by a participant in three different sessions, where it was established that average wait time duration was four seconds. In eleven sessions, the child mastered the desired skill. A significant progress was related to the application of the protocol in home environment by the parents and the autonomous use of behavior self-regulation strategies. It is relevant to mention that the alternative activities delivered during the time delay were considered as neutral stimuli and after the application of this protocol, they have become preferred items. We believe that this case studies’ biggest limitation is the need for applying this procedure at all in the context of preparing the child for taking on the desired passive role at school.

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IMPROVING LISTENER RESPONDING SKILL USING BEE-BOT® IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: CASE STUDY
Authors: Chaldi Dimitra , Mantzanidou Garyfalia
Published: July 2021

Children with autism spectrum disorder may have a variety of communication deficits. Their communication difficulties include language delay, limited vocabulary, inability to speak words, echolalia or repetitive use of phonemes, words, or phrases, absence of eye-contact during communication, and poor non-verbal communication skills. Moreover, some of them are nonverbal so they have to learn how to communicate by using alternative and augmentative communication techniques. Some children on the spectrum in order to improve their receptive and expressive communication skills need to work on a highly structured therapeutic environment and others need to work on a natural environment. Educational robotics can be a successful tool for children on the spectrum in order to improve communicational skills. The main goal of this study is to implement Bee-Bot® robotic toy as a supportive tool for a child with autism in order to improve his listener responding skill across actions. The results showed that during speech and Applied Behavior Analysis intervention, the child improved his receptive skill in a more funny and educational way. Researchers identified that by using Bee-Bot®, the participant communicated intensively and participated to the activity more enthusiastically than using the traditional method of teaching at the table. Nevertheless, researchers should implement generalization and maintenance procedures to ensure that the participant will be able to apply the learned behavior and skill outside of the learning environment and continue to practice the acquired skill over time.

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PENGARUH NON PERFORMING LOAN (NPL) TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PADA PT. BANK MANDIRI PERSERO TBK.YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI)
Authors: Hamka Hamka
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis perputaran persediaan pada PT. Bank Mandiri Persero Tbk. yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Metode analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan rasio keuangan dalam bentuk rasio aktifitas.

Kondisi perputaran persediaan yang terjadi padaPT. Bank Mandiri Persero Tbk. yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2013 sampai dengan tahun 2017 mengalami fluktuasi. Pada tahun 2013 sampai dengan 2014 nilai perputaran persediaanya sama. Pada tahun berikutnya, yaitu tahun 2015 dan 2016 terjadi penurunan perputaran persediaan, namun perusahaan dapat memperbaiki perputaran persediaannya pada akhir tahun 2016, sehingga pada tahun 2017 perputaran persediaan PT. Bank Mandiri Persero Tbk. yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) kembali meningkat. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa perputaran piutang pada PT. Bank Mandiri Persero Tbk. yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) sudah cukup baik dan berjalan secara efektif.

Perputaran persediaan yang dipengaruhi oleh volume penjualan yang juga berfluktuasi, tentu saja akan berdampak buruk bagi kinerja perusahaan. Oleh karena itu, dalam meningkatkan perputaran persediaan, cara yang digunakan dan dari hasil perhitungan Rata-rata periode penjualan pada PT. Bank Mandiri Persero Tbk. yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) sudah cukup baik dan berjalan secara efisien
PENGARUH KESADARAN WAJIB PAJAK DAN SANKSI PERPAJAKAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR
Authors: Isnaini Putri , Karim Abdul
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kesadaran wajib pajak dan sanksi perpajakan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak kendaraan bermotor (Studi kasus pada kantor Samsat Kabupaten Gowa).

Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dengan jumlah responden 100 wajib pajak dari keseluruhan populasi. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah kesadaran wajib pajak dan sanksi perpajakan sebagai variabel independen dan kepatuhan wajib pajak sebagai variabel dependen. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan analisis regresi linear berganda, uji R2, uji F, dan uji t.

Hasil analisis regresi linear berganda diperoleh persamaan: Y = 3,756 + 0,417X1 + 0,351X2. Uji R2 diperoleh hasil sebesar 0,429 atau senilai 42,9% besarnya pengaruh kesadaran wajib pajak dan sanksi perpajakan. Uji F diperoleh Fhitung > Ftabel yaitu 36,078 > 3,09 dan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Uji t pertama diperoleh thitung > ttabel yaitu 4,874 > 1,660 dan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Uji t kedua diperoleh thitung > ttabel yaitu 5,039 > 1,660 dan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kesadaran wajib pajak dan sanksi perpajakan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak kantor Samsat Kabupaten Gowa. Dengan demikian hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat dalam usaha peningkatan kepatuhan perpajakan terutama dalam kaitannya dengan kesadaran wajib pajak dan sanksi perpajakan khususnya di wilayah penelitian.
Construcción de un diagrama de fases para la disolución ideal hexanos-ciclohexano, a partir de la determinación experimental de las presiones de vapor de cada sustancia
Authors: Melo Juan Daniel López , Pañeda Ximena Villegas , Rodríguez Alma Delia Rojas
Published: July 2021

Los diagramas de fases son herramientas que sirven para predecir las fases presentes de cada componente en un sistema termodinámico, permiten conocer las condiciones de temperatura, presión y composición a las que se encuentra una sustancia, conocer las solubilidades  de un elemento o compuesto en otro y poder especificar las variables necesarias en un proceso para determinar las fases del sistema cuando está en equilibrio. Son la herramienta principal de un ingeniero químico para poder entender y predecir varios aspectos de los materiales.
Kerangka Kerja Optimalitas Sistem Atrian Pelayanan Kesehatan
Authors: Heryana Ade , Mahadewi Erlina Puspitaloka
Published: July 2021

AbstractIndonesia health system just facing the surge of health service due to Covid-19 pandemic i.e. diagnostic, cases tracing, treatment and immunization that unbalance with existing capacity. The requisition of non-physical queue health services more increasing due to and after Covid-19 pandemic. This condition opposite with inevitability queue problem in health services. The queues control related to health services quality and cost efficient. This paper aims to propose framework for queue system optimization with deliberates quality and cost controlling. Literature study and health system observation were conducted to build the optimization framework for resources allocation. It’s suggest that this framework would applied in order to queues controlling in health services.      Keyword: queuing theory, health services, system optimization, determining model  AbstrakSistem kesehatan Indonesia sedang menghadapi lonjakan permintaan layanan kesehatan terkait Covid-19 seperti diagnostik, pelacakan kasus, pengobatan dan vaksinasi pada akhir tahun 2020 yang tidak sebanding dengan kapasitas pelayanan kesehatan yang tersedia. Selama dan pasca pandemik tuntutan untuk memberikan pelayanan yang tidak menimbulkan antrian fisik semakin tinggi. Kondisi ini bertolak belakang dengan keniscayaan pelayanan kesehatan yang tidak mungkin terhindar dari masalah antrian. Pengendalian antrian berkaitan dengan atribut kualitas dan efisiensi biaya pelayanan kesehatan. Paper ini bertujuan mengusulkan kerangka kerja optimalitas sistem antrian yang mempertimbangkan kendali mutu dan kendali biaya. Studi pustaka dan observasi dilakukan untuk membangun kerangka kerja dalam rangka alokasi sumber daya pelayanan yang optimal. Diharapkan kerangka kerja ini dapat digunakan industry pelayanan kesehatan dalam pengendalian antrian.  Kata Kunci: teori antrian, pelayanan kesehatan, sistem optimasi, model penentuan
Hubungan Antara Pengetahuan dan Sikap dengan Perilaku Pencegahan COVID-19 Pada Peserta Seminar Online STIKes Raflesia 7 April 2020
Authors: Gunawan Susilawati , Sinsin Iis , Zani Andri Yan Prima
Published: July 2021

Latar Belakang. Awal tahun 2020, dunia mengalami guncangan pandemi COVID-19. Peningkatan jumlah kasus berlangsung cepat, dan menyebar ke berbagai negara. Penyebaran yang cepat dan jumlah kasus yang meningkat secara eksponensial mengakibatkan pentingnya sosialisasi dan edukasi pencegahan dan pengendalian penyebaran penyakit menular ini. Masyarakat perlu memainkan peran untuk memutus mata rantai penularan COVID-19 dengan menerapkan protokol kesehatan.Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan perilaku pencegahan masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19.Metode. Menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional). Pengumpulan data dengan menyebarkan kuesioner secara online menggunakan platform google form kepada peserta seminar COVID-19 di STIKes Raflesia Depok. Populasi adalah seluruh peserta seminar COVID-19 di STIKes Raflesia tanggal 7 April 2020 sebanyak 310 peserta. Sampel adalah 260 peserta yang mengisi kuesioner dengan lengkap. Analisis data menggunakan multivariat uji regresi logistik ganda.   Hasil. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan pengetahuan responden mengenai COVID-19 71,2% baik, sikap responden sebanyak 74,6% positif dan perilaku responden menunjukan 59,2% baik.Kesimpulan. Tidak diketemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan yang baik akan menghasilkan sikap yang positif dan perilaku yang baik dalam pencegahan COVID-19. ABSTRACTIntroduction. Early in 2020, the world was shocked by the COVID-19 pandemic. The increasing number of cases was fast and spread to various countries. The rapid spread and the number of cases increasing have resulted in the importance of socialization and education on preventing and controlling this infectious disease. The community must play a role in breaking the chain of COVID-19 transmission by implementing health protocols.Objective. to find out the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the community to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 Methods. used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design by distributing questionnaires online using the google form platform to the participants of the COVID-19 Seminar at STIKes Raflesia Depok. The population is all participants of the COVID-19 seminar at STIKes Raflesia on 7th April 2020, totaling 310 participants. Thus, the sample was 260 participants who filled out the questionnaire completely. Data analysis used multivariate multiple logistic regression test.Results. The survey results showed that the respondents' knowledge about COVID19 was 71.2% good, the attitude showed 74.6% positive and the respondent's behavior showed 59.2% wellConclusion. There was no significant relationship between good knowledge resulting in a positive attitude and good behavior in preventing COVID-19.
Image Restoration Using Lucy Richardson Algorithm for Deblurring Images with Improved PSNR, SSIM, NC in Comparison with Wiener Filter
Authors: Reddy G. Sharvani , Nanmaran R. , Paramasivam Gokul
Published: July 2021

Aim: Image is the most powerful tool to analyze the information. Sometimes the captured image gets affected with blur and noise in the environment, which degrades the quality of the image. Image restoration is a technique in image processing where the degraded image can be restored or recovered to its nearest original image. Materials and Methods: In this research Lucy-Richardson algorithm is used for restoring blurred and noisy images using MATLAB software. And the proposed work is compared with Wiener filter, and the sample size for each group is 30. Results: The performance was compared based on three parameters, Power Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM), Normalized Correlation (NC). High values of PSNR, SSIM and NC indicate the better performance of restoration algorithms. Lucy-Richardson provides a mean PSNR of 10.4086db, mean SSIM of 0.4173%, and NC of 0.7433% and Wiener filter provides a mean PSNR of 6.3979db, SSIM of 0.3016%, NC of 0.3276%. Conclusion: Based on the experimental results and statistical analysis using independent sample T test, image restoration using Lucy-Richardson algorithm significantly performs better than Wiener filter on restoring the degraded image with PSNR (P<0.001) and SSIM (P<0.001).
Simulation and Comparison of Voltage and Current Characteristics of Novel Finfet by Varying its Oxide Thickness with Single Gate Mosfet for Improved Conductivity
Authors: Reddy T. Kiran Kumar , Deepak A.
Published: July 2021

Aim: The current and voltage characteristics of FinFET and single gate MOSFET are simulated by varying their oxide thickness ranging from 2 nm to 20 nm. Materials and Methods: The electrical conductance of FINFET (n= 320) was compared with MOSFET (n=320) by varying oxide thickness ranging from 2 nm to 20 nm in the NANO HUB tool simulation environment. Results: FINFET has significantly higher conductance (2.66*10-4 mho P<0.05) than single gate MOSFET (1.64*10-4 mho). The optimal thickness for maximum conductivity was 2nm for FINFET, and 2 nm for MOSFET. Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, FINFET with oxide thickness of 2 nm offers the best conductivity.
Simulation of Absorption Spectra and Comparing Efficiency of Glass and ZnO (Protective Layer) based Solar Cell for Green Energy
Authors: Rojasri K. , Deepak Dr.A.
Published: July 2021

Aim: Efficiency of Glass (protective layer) based solar cells and ZnO (protective layer) based solar cells was obtained by varying thickness (1000 nm to 6600 nm) of protective layer. Materials and Methods: Efficiency of Glass (protective layer) based solar cells (n = 57) was compared with ZnO (protective layer) based solar cells (n = 57) by varying thickness of protective layer ranging from 1000nm to 6600nm in the Nano hub Simulation environment. Results: ZnO (protective layer) based solar cell has significantly higher efficiency (21.17%) than Glass (protective layer) based solar cell (20.21%). Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, ZnO (protective layer) based solar cells offer better efficiency.
Analysis and Comparison of Zinc Micro Element Concentration Present in Human Seminal Plasma of Asthenospermia and Normospermia Conditions Using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy for Male Infertility Diagnosis Related to Motility Issues
Authors: Thanusha Yaddala , Vickram A.S.
Published: July 2021

Aim: The major aim of this study is to compare Zinc (Zn) concentration present in human seminal plasma of asthenospermia (motility issues) and normospermia semen samples for identification of clinical relevance. Materials and Methods: Semen samples of normospermia (N=75), asthenospermia (N=75) were collected and semen analysis report has been done by standard world health organization protocol. Zn concentration was evaluated by using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) for both the groups by using standard protocol. Results: Independent sample T-test on fertile and infertile men (asthenospermia and normospermia group) reveals that the zinc concentration is statistically insignificant (P=0.367). Zinc concentration was found to be high in normospermia (mean 2.5 mg/ml) over asthenospermia (mean 0.90 mg/ml) samples. Conclusion: Zn being an essential element for normal functioning for fertilization, its absence or less concentration may lead to infertility. We found high concentration of Zn in normospermia which reflects normal conditions for fertilization and less concentration in asthenospermia reflecting infertile conditions.
Wavelet based Extraction of Features from EEG Signals and Classification of Novel Emotion Recognition Using SVM and HMM Classifier and to Measure its Accuracy
Authors: Mohanambal M. , Vardhan Dr.P. Vishnu
Published: July 2021

Aim: The study aims to extract features from EEG signals and classify emotion using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Hidden Markov Model (HMM) classifier. Materials and methods: The study was conducted using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Hidden Markov Model (HMM) programs to analyze and compare the recognition of emotions classified under EEG signals. The results were computed using the MATLAB algorithm. For each group, ten samples were used to compare the efficiency of SVM and HMM classifiers. Result: The study’s performance exhibits the HMM classifier’s accuracy over the SVM classifier and the emotion detection from EEG signals computed. The mean value of the HMM classifier is 52.2, and the SVM classifier is 22.4. The accuracy rate of 35% with the data features is found in HMM classifier. Conclusion: This study shows a higher accuracy level of 35% for the HMM classifier when compared with the SVM classifier. In the detection of emotions using the EEG signal. This result shows that the HMM classifier has a higher significant value of P=.001 < P=.005 than the SVM classifier.
CLAY AS A SUBSTRATUM MATERIAL FOR MICROALGAE BIOFILM CULTIVATION
Authors: HANSEL EZEQUIEL , Kiperstok Alice Costa , Guimaraes Rodrigo Gomes , Sales Emerson Andrade
Published: July 2021

The production of microalgae faces several obstacles. The bioreactors and processes used today in microalgae cultivation are expensive or lack optimization to scale up. Furthermore, harvesting, concentrating and dewatering, while using a cheap and suitable photobioreactor are the main problems that we need to be overcome to achieve viability in the process. The Clay Ceramic Bioreactor (CCBR) was built using only clay and wood sawdust and was designed to grow an immobilized microalgal biofilm while having almost complete separation from the liquid culture medium, reducing the consumption of water and energy. Results showed that the wood sawdust particle size should be sifted in a mesh size 10 and mixed in a proportion of 33% of sawdust and 67% of red clay and a maximum firing temperature of 900oC. Maximum dry biomass production of 3.71 g.m-2.d-1 was achieved within 7 days of cultivation, with no CO2 addition and a low light intensity of 45 µmol.m?2.s?1. The biomass was harvested through simple scraping. Initial results indicate a great potential for the use of clay as substratum and further tests should be carried out to scale up and optimize microalgae production,
Avaliação ponderada sobre a percepção da infraestrutura de calçadas por meio da técnica Delphi-Fuzzy e análises geoespaciais
Authors: Alves da Silveira Caroline , Schvartz Marceli Adriane , Oestreich Letícia , Rosa Carmen Brum , Giaccom Bárbara , Ruiz-Padillo Alejandro
Published: July 2021

Para promover a caminhada nas cidades é necessário prover condições adequadas de infraestrutura relacionadas às calçadas. No entanto, são inú-meras as variáveis que podem interferir na percepção da qualidade das cal-çadas por parte dos usuários dessas vias. Dessa forma, esse estudo se pro-põe a apresentar um método de avaliação da qualidade das calçadas utili-zando um índice ponderado com base em análises geoespaciais e na percep-ção dos usuários. As análises quantitativas realizadas envolvem a aplicação da lógica fuzzy, e as técnicas Delphi e Schulze. O método foi aplicado na área central de uma cidade brasileira de pequeno porte localizada no esta-do do Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados do estudo são discutidos com base na seleção dos atributos importantes para a caminhada e ponderação e per-cepção desses atributos. De uma maneira geral, a análise de sensibilidade mostra que o método é adequado e que, portanto, consegue transmitir dire-tamente as experiências vivenciadas no ambiente urbano. Assim, este estudo contribui com a proposição de um método que pode ser utilizado por plane-jadores urbanos para tomar decisões relacionadas a políticas públicas vol-tadas a mobilidade de pedestres.
Community Acquired Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (CA-MRSA) Infection in Paediatric Subcutaneous Abscesses in Pakistan
Authors: Sheikh Muhammad Ali , Idrees Amna , Ahmad Jamil Akhter Munir , Fatima Kaneez , Riaz Lubna , Ikram Amna
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the common pathogens of the human body. Previously a change in its sensitivity pattern was observed in which it became methicillin resistant but this strain was usually seen in hospital settings or in immunocompromised patients. Recently a changing trend has been observed in which a new variant of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is being isolated specially in pediatric patients, who do not have any risk factors. This strain is labeled as community acquired MRSA.Aims & Objectives: To find the frequency of Community Acquired Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (CAMRSA) in paediatric sub-cutaneous abscesses.Place and duration of study: A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted in Department of Paediatric Surgery Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore from January 2017 till December 2020.Material & Methods: All the patients from 7 days to 14 years of age from both genders having subcutaneous abscesses were included. Neonates having hospital stay of more than 24 hours at birth were excluded. Patients having abscess secondary to any surgical intervention, recent hospitalization or trauma were also excluded. Patients were divided into four groups based on age. Pus samples were taken for culture & sensitivity. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.Results: There were 143 patients and 75 (52.4%) of them were males. Patient were divided in groups on the basis of age. The most common location of abscess was head & neck (43.4%) followed by lower limbs and buttocks (30.1%). The most common organism to grow was Staph. aureus (75%) and out of these 107 cases 70 (65.4%) had MRSA. No growth was obtained in 30 (21%) patients. Other less common organisms were seen in 6 (4%) cases. In less than 1 month of age of patients 76% had MRSA which was significantly higher than in other age groups (pvalue 0.047).Conclusion: The frequency of CA-MRSA in paediatric subcutaneous abscesses is on the rise across the globe and more cases of invasive infections are being reported. So, population-based studies are required to assess the prevalence of this bacteria amongst paediatric population of Pakistan.
Hereditary Multiple Exostoses with Ulnar Hemimelia
Authors: Syed Wasif Ali Shah  , Muhammad Abdul Shakoor  , Usman Amjad  , Haider Ali  , Waleed Imtiaz  , Shafqat Raza
Published: July 2021

Hereditary Multiple Exostoses is a skeletal dysplasia that is very rare and defined by formation of numerous cartilage capped benign tumours either pedunculated or sessile known as osteochondromas throughout skeleton especially around the growth plates of ribs, vertebrae, pelvis and long bones. Rarely it can present forearm problems such bowing deformity of radius, ulnar shortening and radiocapitellar dislocation or subluxation. We are presenting a case of 20 year old female who presented with left distal ulnar exostosis resulting in ulnar shortening and radial bowing with restricted supination and pronation range of movement. Other complaint was of multiple non tender bony hard lumps in both upper and lower limbs. Excision of distal ulnar exostosis was done which resulted in marked improvement in pronation and supination range of movement. Hereditary multiple exostoses with forearm deformities though very rare but can present and the treatment is conservative except if any bony swelling manifests any complications such as pain or associated deformity.
Superheroines and Sexism: Female Representation in the Marvel Cinematic Universe
Authors: Olufidipe Folukemi , Echezabal Yunex
Published: July 2021

The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is the highest-grossing film franchise of all time and since the premiere of Iron Man in 2008, it has risen to fame as a source of science-fiction entertainment. Sexism in the film industry often goes brushed aside but the widespread success of Marvel Studios calls attention to their treatment of gender roles. This paper explores the progression of six female superheroes in the MCU and what effect feminist movements have had on their roles as well as upcoming productions in the franchise. This paper used an interdisciplinary, mixed-methods design that studied movie scripts and screen time graphs. 14 MCU movies were analyzed through a feminist film theory lens and whenever a female character of interest was chosen, notes were taken on aspects including, but not limited to, dialogue, costume design, and character relationships. My findings showed that females in the MCU are heavily sexualized by directors, costume designers, and even their male co-stars. As powerful as some of these women were found to be, it was concluded that Marvel lacks in female inclusivity. Marvel’s upcoming productions, many of which are female-focused, still marginalize the roles of their superheroines which is a concern for the future of the film industry. Marvel is just one franchise but this study shows how their treatment of female characters uphold patriarchal structures and perpetuate harmful stereotypes that need to be corrected in the film industry as a whole.
Two hypotheses of Brugada Syndrome – Repolarization and Depolarization: Literature Review
Authors: Koo Clair , Hutt Ethan
Published: July 2021

Brugada syndrome is a recently discovered cardiac disease. The mechanisms behind this syndrome are unknown, but scientists are able to hypothesize possible mechanisms through various studies of electrocardiograms, canine wedge preparations, and genetic mutations. This review goes over two of the most potential hypotheses that explain the causes of the Brugada syndrome: the repolarization and depolarization hypotheses. Studies by Zhang et al., Wilde et al., Postema et al., Meregalli et al., Tse et al., and other scientists are reviewed to understand and evaluate the mechanisms behind each of the hypotheses. Although there is some evidence supporting the depolarization hypothesis, the repolarization hypothesis is more supported by real life studies and models of the syndrome.
Religion Associated with Strong Positive Youth Development In North Carolina County
Authors: De Guzman Ma. Christina , Vajner Deborah
Published: July 2021

Studies like “Religious involvement and adolescent psychosocial development” by Carol Markstrom have researched the relation of religion to human development. Previous studies like hers were able to employ methodologies that provided for a unique perspective. The study undertaken for this paper researched the association of religion with strong positive youth development (PYD) using the five C’s of PYD in psychology: connection, character, compassion, competence, and confidence. This study used a quantitative methodology through surveys that were analyzed to help reach the conclusion of the research. The pattern that emerged through analysis of the survey results indicated that approximately 39% of the participants were religious, which is influenced by the location of this study, a region of the United States commonly known referred to as the Bible Belt. Based on their answers, religion is associated with strong positive youth development. However, it can also be concluded that even those who are neither religious nor spiritual also have a strong positive youth development, just not as strong.
Key Characteristics of Circulating Tumor Cell Clusters and Implications for Cancer Metastases
Authors: Perlov Yakov , Lee Dean
Published: July 2021

Primary tumors generate metastases by shedding tumor cells into the circulation; these circulating tumor cells (CTCs) implant at distant sites to develop into metastatic lesions. CTCs can travel either as clusters or as single CTCs. Previous studies revealed that the frequency of CTC clusters in a cancer patient positively correlates with the likelihood of developing metastatic lesions. Three key characteristics of CTC clusters - chemoresistance, reduced apoptosis, and epigenetically programmed stemness - enhance their metastatic potential relative to single CTCs:

CTC clusters seem to be more resistant to chemotherapy due to their quiescent and necrotic cores, making drug penetration difficult. Their chemoresistance also correlates with specific molecular components of the extracellular matrix.

CTC clusters suffer lower rates of apoptosis. This might be attributed to autocrine factors that protect against immune attack and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

The DNA methylation landscape of CTC clusters closely resembles that of embryonic stem cells. It features hypomethylation of four critical transcription factors associated with stemness and hypermethylation of a set of pro-differentiation genes.

Further research might focus on the interdependence of these three characteristics and whether they precede or follow the clustering of CTCs. The answers to these research questions will help drug developers define specific mechanisms that can curb the metastatic potential of CTC clusters.
The Aerodynamics of F1 Car Design
Authors: Pandit Arnav , Day Gwyn
Published: July 2021

Formula One (also known as F1) is the highest class of single-seater open-wheel and open-cockpit professional motor racing contest. Formula One racing is governed and sanctioned by a world body called the FIA − Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile or the International Automobile Federation. The name ‘Formula’ comes from the set of rules that the participating cars and drivers must follow. The car is naturally the central component in F1.

There is not much room to differentiate in the design of the engine and wheels of F1 cars, there are only 4 engine manufacturers and Pirelli is the sole supplier for all team’s tyres. As there is not much scope for innovation in these aspects of an F1 car, most innovation is left to the aerodynamic design of the F1 car. The aerodynamics team considers many different principles when designing the car. In this paper, we will be first examining these aerodynamic principles and then discussing how they are applied to F1 cars.

A survey has also been conducted among over 200 professionals/academics involved in STEM to get an idea of people’s opinions on F1 Car Aerodynamics. The data collected has been analysed to see if it agrees with the reality. While there are many papers have already been written on F1 Aerodynamics, this is the first to provide one in relation to the specific parts. It is also the first to conduct a survey among people and provide analysis for the same.
A review of the primary nutritional and environmental factors associated with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Considine Eleanor , Yin Lucy , Hartmann Mitra
Published: July 2021

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive nervous system disorder that produces both motor and nonmotor symptoms. This literature review begins by examining evidence for several possible origins for the disease:  does it begin in the brain and progress to the gut, or vice versa, or does it begin in both places concurrently?  Next, we examine several environmental factors that have been shown to either increase or decrease risk of Parkinson’s disease. These are primarily nutritional factors, specifically caffeine, nicotine, and dairy products. Studies in both animals and humans provide weak evidence that increased consumption of low fat dairy is associated with an increased risk of Parkinson’s disease development. Additionally, there is strong evidence that nicotine has a neuroprotective effect which also lowers the risk.  Finally, there is similarly strong evidence that caffeine exerts neuroprotective effects which lower the overall risk of developing Parkinson’s disease.
Anticancer Potential Of Cephalotaxine and Derivatives as an Alternative for Invasive Therapies
Authors: Kalathoti Evangelina , Nanda Heer , Parekh Riya , Shankar Aditi , Chaganti Shrimayi , Heda Prachi , Renganathan Gayathri
Published: July 2021

Cancer is identified by the abnormal accumulation of rapidly dividing cells, serving as the collective term for a multitude of similar conditions categorized through cell growth and proliferation. The disease continues to lead death tolls worldwide and extends to communities across the board in terms of socioeconomic status.(^1) From 1991 to 2017, experts recorded a slight drop in cancer death rates, which can be accredited to an influx of scientific advancements within the past decade that allowed for the implementation of targeted therapy.(^1) In preclinical research, this therapy implies the conjugation of independent drugs retaining anti-carcinogenic properties. The current state of cancer pathology is observed to be non-specific and is, oftentimes, taxing on the patient, proving the need for localized treatment and more efficient drugs. This article analyzes the effectiveness of one compound under the harringtonine alkaloid family, cephalotaxine (CET).(^27) In this work, our team examines the biochemical profile of CET and congener homoharringtonine to hypothesize cephalotaxine’s efficacy as an alternative to invasive cancer therapy.