bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery in two children
Authors: Hosoda Ryusuke , Masuoka Ayumu , Nagase Haruhiro , Iwazaki Mika , Hotoda Kentaro , Suzuki Takaaki
Published: August 2019

A high proportion of the sudden deaths among young individuals is attributable to anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery. Among congenital heart diseases, the incidence of congenital coronary artery anomaly is approximately 1.3%. Herein, we report 2 surgical cases of anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery.
Conspiratorial Narratives in Violent Political Actors’ Language
Authors: Baele Stephane J.
Published: August 2019

This article articulates the concept of “conspiratorial narratives”—defined as stories which integrate a large range of events and archetypal characters from past and present in a single teleological explanation for the alleged suffering of a given social group—and argues that this particular linguistic construct is a key marker of extremist language. Using three different cases to illustrate our theoretical contribution (Nazi propaganda, Rwandan genocidaires’ radio, IS’ messaging), we show that paying attention to conspiratorial narratives leads us to significantly revise classic accounts of violent actors’ language, and provides a better understanding of the link between that language and violence itself—more precisely, why violence happens, how much violence is directed to whom, and when it occurs.
Rethinking leisure time use metrics: Greater diversity in shared sibling leisure is associated with higher relationship quality during emerging adulthood
Authors: Layland Eric K. , Hodge Camilla J. , Glaza Mikala , Peets Jerrica O.
Published: August 2019

Leisure diversity—the total number of unique leisure categories shared within a sibling dyad—may vary according to sibling characteristics (e.g., sibling gender, age difference) and predict sibling relationship quality. Using triangulated lists, brief narratives, and focus groups, we constructed a taxonomy of shared sibling leisure in emerging adulthood and then calculated individual leisure diversity scores. The sample ( N = 185) included college-attending emerging adults with an average age of 20.1 years (35.7% female). Taxonomic analysis suggested 19 categories of shared sibling leisure. Analyses of variance indicated differences by dyadic gender composition in endorsement rates of select leisure categories and average levels of leisure diversity (lowest for mixed-gender dyads). Greater shared leisure diversity was associated with higher levels of affective (sister–sister dyads) and cognitive relationship quality (sister–sister and mixed-gender dyads). The association of leisure diversity with sibling relationship quality was strongest for sister–sister dyads and not significant for brother–brother dyads. Sibling dyads that include a sister are more likely to be impacted by the level of shared leisure diversity. The results of this study introduce leisure diversity as a metric for quantifying sibling leisure and support its potential as a means for understanding and impacting sibling relationship quality in emerging adulthood.
The influence of gaseous microemboli on various biomarkers after minimized cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Stehouwer Marco C , de Vroege Roel , Bruggemans Eline F , Hofman Frederik N , Molenaar Meyke A , van Oeveren Wim , de Mol Bastian A , Bruins Peter
Published: August 2019

Introduction:

Gaseous microemboli that originate from the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit may contribute to adverse outcome after cardiac surgery. We prospectively evaluated the influence of gaseous microemboli on the release of various biomarkers after use of a minimally invasive extracorporeal technology system.

Methods:

In 70 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with minimized cardiopulmonary bypass, gaseous microemboli were measured intraoperatively with a bubble counter. Intra- and postoperative biomarker levels for inflammatory response (interleukin-6, C5b-9), endothelial damage (von Willebrand factor, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1), oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, 8-isoprostane, neuroketal), and neurological injury (neuron-specific enolase, brain-type fatty acid-binding protein) were analyzed using immune assay techniques. The relationship between gaseous microemboli number or volume and the incremental area under the curve (iAUC24h) or peak change for the biomarkers was calculated.

Results:

All biomarkers except for malondialdehyde increased at least temporarily after coronary artery bypass grafting with a minimally invasive extracorporeal technology system. The median total gaseous microemboli number was 6,174 (interquartile range: 3,507-10,531) and the median total gaseous microemboli volume was 4.31 µL (interquartile range: 2.71-8.50). There were no significant correlations between total gaseous microemboli number or volume and iAUC24h or peak change for any of the biomarkers. After controlling for the variance of possible other predictor variables, multiple linear regression analysis showed no association between gaseous microemboli parameters and release of biomarkers.

Conclusion:

This study showed no evidence that gaseous microemboli contribute to increased biomarker levels after coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass. A reason for the absence of damage by gaseous microemboli may be the relative and considerably small amount of gaseous microemboli entering the patients in this study.
Questions and Potential Answers About Ways Ownership and Art Matter for One Another
Authors: Friedman Ori
Published: August 2019

Almost all art is owned, and this affects how people interact with art and think about it. At the same time, people’s beliefs about artwork and artistic creation may affect their thinking about ownership. This article raises several questions about ways that ownership and art may matter for one another and reviews recent findings from experiments on adults and young children that suggest preliminary answers to these questions. Issues addressed include whether people’s conceptions of ownership contribute to their disapproval of plagiarism and forgery, whether people feel that making art can deprive owners of property, whether people are viewed as having less freedom for artwork they have over their other possessions, and whether artists are viewed as having enduring rights and claims over their creations.
Individual Differences in Music Listener Motivations: The Neglected Values
Authors: Manolika Maria , Baltzis Alexandros , Gardikiotis Antonis
Published: August 2019

Considerable research on music psychology indicates correlations between musical preferences and individual differences in personality, between the various uses of music and personality traits, and between musical preferences and personal values. However, the association between personal values and the multiple ways in which music is used has not been considered yet. To investigate this issue, 400 participants completed a self-report questionnaire comprising the uses of music, personality traits, and personal values, as well as provided their demographic details. The hierarchical regression analyses revealed that both personality and personal values along with gender contribute differentially to predicting the different ways in which music is used. Overall, these findings suggest that the understanding of the ways in which listeners experience music can be improved by contemplating various individual difference variables.
Complications After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Their Relation to the Type of Graft: A Prospective Study of 958 Cases
Authors: Rousseau Romain , Labruyere Charlotte , Kajetanek Charles , Deschamps Olivia , Makridis Konstantinos G. , Djian Patrick
Published: August 2019

Background:

Complications and adverse events after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction are well known, but they have been underestimated in previous studies.

Purpose:

To describe the complications and adverse events after ACL reconstruction within a 2-year follow-up and analyze them in relation to the type of graft.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

From 2000 to 2012, 958 patients with an isolated ACL injury underwent surgery by a single knee surgeon. ACL reconstruction was performed with the medial portal technique for the femoral tunnel and the use of bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) or hamstring tendon graft. Patients were reviewed at 6 weeks and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery with the International Knee Documentation Committee score, plain radiographs, and the KT-1000 arthrometer.

Results:

Of 958 patients enrolled, 147 (15%) were lost at last follow-up. The 2 groups (bone–patellar tendon–bone [n = 257] and hamstring [n = 554]) were similar regarding the mean age at the time of surgery and preoperative anterior laxity. The main complications were as follows: anterior knee pain (n = 130 of 811, 16%), stiffness (n = 72, 8.8%), secondary meniscal lesions (n = 59, 7.2%), pain attributed to fixation (n = 79, 9.7%), ACL rerupture (n = 47, 5.7%), contralateral ACL ruptures (n = 24, 3%), patellar fractures (n = 3, 0.3%), infections (n = 9, 1%), and thromboembolic complications (n = 5, 0.6%). There was no significant difference between the grafts with respect to the frequency of joint stiffness, secondary meniscal lesions, or anterior knee pain. During the first 2 postoperative years, the percentage of patients with anterior knee pain was higher in the patellar tendon group (23.3% vs 12.6%, P < .001); however, this difference was not significant after the 2-year interval (3.1% vs 2.5%, P = .63). The percentage of patients with a rerupture of the graft was significantly lower in the patellar tendon group than in the hamstring group (25 of 811 [3.1%] vs 57 of 811 [7%], P = .023). Similar results were recorded regarding the pain related to the hardware material (7 of 811 [0.8%] in the BPTB group vs 113 of 811 [13.9%] in the hamstring group, P = .001). The percentage of ACL ruptures contralateral to the repair was higher in the patellar tendon group (41 of 811 [5%] vs 17 of 811 [2%], P = .016).

Conclusion:

The total rate of complications after an ACL reconstruction was 39%, and the surgical revision rate for any reason was 28%. Problems with the hardware material were more frequent in the hamstring group, leading to an increased rate of surgical revision. Anterior knee pain was initially higher in the patellar tendon group, but there was no significant difference in a 2-year interval. The rerupture rate was statistically higher in the hamstring group.
Sodium loss, extracellular volume overload and hypertension in peritoneal dialysis patients treated by automated peritoneal dialysis cyclers
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed , Davenport Andrew
Published: August 2019

Introduction:

Achieving sodium balance is important for peritoneal dialysis patients, as sodium excess may lead to hypertension and extracellular water expansion. We wished to determine whether greater sodium removal had adverse consequences.

Methods:

We calculated 24-h urinary and peritoneal sodium losses in peritoneal dialysis patients treated by automated cyclers, when attending for peritoneal membrane and bioimpedance assessments.

Results:

We reviewed 439 peritoneal dialysis patients, 56.7% male, average age 54.6 years, median sodium loss 110 (68–155) mmol/day. Sodium loss was strongly associated with urine volume, r = 0.37, protein nitrogen appearance rate, r = 0.29, and body cell mass, r = 0.21, all p < 0.001. We found no association with blood pressure or anti-hypertensive medication prescription, or extracellular water. On multivariable logistic regression analysis, sodium loss was associated with greater urine output, odds ratio 1.001, 95% confidence interval 1.00–1.001, p < 0.001, and protein nitrogen appearance (odds ratio 1.023, confidence interval 1.006–1.04), p = 0.008. Adjusting for body weight, sodium loss was associated with urine output (odds ratio 1.001, confidence interval 1.001–1.002, p < 0.001), and negatively with body fat index (odds ratio 0.96, confidence interval 0.93–0.99, p = 0.008) and co-morbidity grade (odds ratio 0.58, confidence interval 0.36–0.39, p = 0.023).

Conclusion:

Heavier peritoneal dialysis patients with greater estimated dietary protein intake (protein nitrogen appearance), those with greater residual renal function and peritoneal clearances, along with lower co-morbidity, had greater daily sodium losses. Adjusting for body weight, then sodium losses were greater with higher daily urine output, and lower in patients with proportionately more body fat and co-morbidity. Sodium losses would appear to primarily determined by body size and not associated with hypertension or extracellular water expansion.
Use of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Cosmetic Abdominoplasties: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Opoku-Agyeman Jude L. , Matera David V. , Simone Jamee E. , Behnam Amir B.
Published: August 2019

Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is used in abdominoplasties for postoperative pain control. There has been no systematic review and meta-analysis of its use reported in the literature. The authors performed a systematic review that focused on the use of TAP block in abdominoplasties. EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Ovid Medicine, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases were searched from its inception to April 2019. Peer-reviewed articles published in the English language were included. The efficacy of TAP block was determined from a review of the reported studies. The authors’ search retrieved 30 unique articles. Two independent reviewers screened texts, selecting 6 articles for inclusion. Of the included studies, 3 were randomized controlled studies, 1 was a prospective controlled study, 1 was a retrospective cohort study, and 1 was a prospective nonrandomized uncontrolled study. The level of evidence of included studies ranges from level II to level III. There were no level I studies. All of the studies concluded that TAP block was more effective in controlling pain and decreasing narcotic use compared with controls. There was significant heterogeneity in the method of administration, compositions, and dosage of the TAP block. The TAP block provides effective analgesia after abdominoplasty and reduces the use of opioids. However, its effectiveness seems to be limited to the first few postoperative hours. More studies are needed to evaluate for the optimum dosing and mode of delivery of the anesthetic.
“When You’re in a Relationship, You Say No, but Your Partner Insists”: Sexual Dating Violence and Ambiguity Among Girls and Young Women
Authors: Fernet Mylène , Hébert Martine , Brodeur Geneviève , Théorêt Valérie
Published: August 2019

Sexual dating violence (DV) is highly prevalent and associated with deleterious outcomes. Unfortunately, this form of violence remains poorly understood. Furthermore, the measures used to assess sexual DV may not account for the various manifestations of sexual DV, which limits our understanding of this problem. This study aimed to (a) explore how girls and young women describe their experiences of sexual DV and (b) explore whether the taxonomy on intimate partner sexual violence developed by Bagwell-Gray and colleagues could be applicable to girls and young women’s experiences of sexual DV. A total of 71 adolescent girls and young women who identified themselves as heterosexual were recruited. Sexual DV was assessed using an adapted version of the Sexual Experiences Survey, followed by a semistructured interview. Findings revealed that 29.6% of participants reported sexual DV victimization in the past 12 months. A direct content analysis was performed based on the taxonomy of Bagwell-Gray and colleagues. Four manifestations of sexual DV were illustrated from the youth’s narratives: (a) sexual coercion, (b) sexual assault, (c) sexual abuse, and (d) forced sexual activities. Our results underscore the ambiguity of sexual consent and definition of sexual DV among adolescent girls and young women. This research further supports the necessity to develop and implement prevention programs that specifically target sexual DV in this population.
Development and Validation of a New Instrument for Screening Bullies and Victims in Classrooms
Authors: Farmani Saeid , Fathi Azar Eskandar , Mirnasab Mir Mahmood , Nemati Shahrooz , Vahedi Shahram
Published: August 2019

Although a number of studies have been conducted on the subject of bullying, there is an absence of a standard instrument which can map the bullying network and identify the groups involved in it. The current study aimed to provide a standard instrument for screening bullies and victims in the classroom, which has validity and reliability indicators to map the network of relationships between the bullies and victims. In this regard, 337 high school students (176 males and 161 females) were selected via cluster sampling and, afterward, the Screening Instrument for Bullies and Victims in Classrooms (SIBVC) was used in the sample group. To examine the concurrent validity, Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with Youngsters (MESSY) and Adolescent Peer Relations Instrument (APRI) were used. The results depicted that the individuals’ scores of bullying and victimization in SIBVC are positively and negatively related to their scores in MESSY subscales, respectively. Also, individuals’ scores of bullying in SIBVC is positively related to bullying scores and negatively related to victimization scores in APRI. Cronbach’s alpha method was used to determine the reliability of SIBVC, and the results showed that in all classes, the obtained alpha was higher than .72. Two weeks after the first run, the instrument was reimplemented and the reliability coefficient was ( p < .001, r = .97 for bullying and r = .96 for victimization). The results depicted that SIBVC benefited from favorable validity, and it was able to identify the bullies and the victims quite well in the classrooms; also, SIBVC scores had favorable reliability over time. Criteria such as the use of dyadic nomination and network mapping among the groups involved in bullying are the benefits of SIBVC, which make it a useful and new instrument in bullying research.
Awareness of Psychiatric Symptoms in a Mixed Clinical Sample of Older Adults
Authors: Brunet Hannah E. , Cummings Jeffrey L. , Banks Sarah J. , Miller Justin B.
Published: August 2019

Objective:

This study examined the neuropsychological correlates and impact on caregiver distress of reduced awareness of mood symptoms in patients with suspected neurodegenerative disease.

Method:

Records from a clinical sample of older adults were examined (N = 940).

Results:

More than one-third of patient and caregiver ratings of mood symptoms did not agree (comparing patient and caregiver self-report measures); 27.9% of patients were unaware of depression (UoD) and 16.6% of patients were unaware of anxiety (UoA). The UoD group exhibited poorer verbal memory and executive abilities and the UoA group exhibited poorer verbal memory than those with preserved awareness. Unawareness was not associated with caregiver distress.

Conclusions:

These findings highlight the importance of capturing informant report in clinical practice with older adults suspected of cognitive impairment. Unawareness of mood symptoms was related to memory dysfunction and—to a lesser extent—to executive abilities and may have implications for addressing patient and caregiver needs for disorders affecting these cognitive systems.
Evaluating Pharmacist Impact on Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy in Patients With Reduced Ejection Fraction Heart Failure
Authors: Ingram Adam , Valente Megan , Dzurec Mary Ann
Published: August 2019

Background:

Limited literature exists evaluating the ability of a pharmacist to quickly and effectively initiate and manage dose titrations of guideline-directed medication therapy (GDMT) in an outpatient setting.

Methods:

This pilot study aimed to investigate the impact of pharmacist-managed, outpatient heart failure management on patients’ heart failure outcomes, and health-care–related costs. Retrospective chart review performed on patients referred to pharmacist practicing under collaborative practice agreement. End points included time to achieve individualized target doses of GDMT; beta-blocker dose tolerance; and the clinic’s impact on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), hospital admission, and emergency department encounter rates. Descriptive statistics were used to report nominal data. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to evaluate continuous variables.

Results:

Thirty-six patients completed full titration utilizing an average of 4.9 visits over 12.7 weeks. Seventy-eight percent (n = 28) achieved full beta-blocker titration. Seventy-six percent of patients had LVEF >35% after titration versus 43% at baseline. A significant reduction in all-cause hospital admissions was seen during both 13-week and 12-month comparison periods ( P < .05). We estimated >US$50 000 annual revenue generation from 0.2 full-time equivalent pharmacist.

Conclusions:

Although hypothesis generating, our results support the idea that pharmacist-managed medication titration clinics are effective at completing titration, improving LVEF, and generating revenue.
Mission Change Over Time in U.S. Family Foundations
Authors: Irvin Renée A. , Kavvas Eren
Published: August 2019

How much do foundations change their missions over time? Grant making emphases may shift due to the evolving preferences of trustees and directors, the changing needs of grant recipients, the location of the successor trustees, and so on. A countervailing force to this change is donor control. The founding donor’s stipulations and values figure prominently as legal and sentimental forces that could enhance mission permanence despite the passing of generations. This study first proposes a mission change theory framework designed for the long time span of endowed family foundations. Via changes in the stated location of the grant making and the field of the grants made (e.g., from grants for religious instruction to grants for arts), we then measure the revealed preferences of trustees and how their grant making practices change over the decades.
Play and leisure in Australian School Age Care: Reconceptualizing children’s waiting as a site of play and labour
Authors: Hurst Bruce
Published: August 2019

Australian School Age Care programmes are little researched childhood settings that are commonly understood as sites of leisure and play in between school and home. This article draws on recent research to consider the status of a seemingly non-playful activity, that of children’s waiting in School Age Care. The poststructural framing in this article conceptualizes waiting as an activity that incorporates acts of emotional labour, play and identity construction. It prompts consideration of whether waiting is a site of play and should therefore be incorporated in programming practices in School Age Care and other play-based settings.
Avoiding a lumbar puncture may be a rash decision: a case report of varicella-zoster virus-associated radiculopathy in advanced HIV infection
Authors: Wallis Emma , Al-Hakim Bahij , Holmes Paul , Douthwaite Sam , Kulasegaram Ranjababu
Published: August 2019

A 34-year-old man recently diagnosed with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection (CD4 cell count of 139 cells/mm3), not yet started on antiretroviral medications, presented to hospital with a ten-day history of left leg weakness and difficulty walking. He described a childhood history of chickenpox with previous shingles over his buttock over three years ago. Examination revealed reduced power in the left hip and knee flexors and absent knee and adductor reflexes. Lumbar punctures were performed and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detected varicella-zoster virus (VZV) DNA. Concurrent serum samples for VZV PCR were negative. The patient was diagnosed with VZV radiculopathy and treated with high-dose intravenous acyclovir. Within two days, neurological signs improved. Previous case reports define VZV radiculopathy by a temporal and geographical relationship with a zoster rash. Our diagnosis was based on a clinical picture of radiculopathy with virological evidence in CSF and confirmed by a dramatic clinical response to treatment. We propose that lumbar puncture and detection of VZV DNA by PCR in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an invaluable investigation that should be considered in the workup of immunosuppressed patients presenting with a radiculopathy.
Grass trimmer hand-arm vibration reduction using multi-axial vibration absorber
Authors: Patil Sushil S
Published: August 2019

In this investigation, the novel multi-axial vibration absorber is proposed to reduce the handle vibration of petrol engine grass trimmer. The proposed vibration absorber is designed using Dunkerley’s equation and fabricated for testing. The experimental modal analysis of absorber is conducted to find resonance frequencies of the absorber and to validate the results obtained from equations. The experimental tests are carried on grass trimmer with absorber attached near handle location to find effectiveness of absorber in reducing hand-arm vibrations in the x, y and z directions. The result indicated that the total vibration value measured at the handle of grass trimmer is reduced by substantial level with the attachment of multi-axial vibration absorber.
Stochastic dynamic response analysis of submerged multi-body structure considering the uncertainty of connection gap
Authors: He Kongde , Zhou Pengfei , Fang Zifan , Yang Weihua , Liu Shaopeng
Published: August 2019

The aim of this study is to determine the stochastic dynamic characteristics of the system due to the uncertainty of the gap contact between the mooring cable and the structural body of the submerged multi-body structure. The sag effect caused by the light, flexible, and low damping characteristics of the mooring cable and its dynamic elongation under the action of the flow field and the impact of the gap connection is considered. The sag effect is corrected using the equivalent elastic modulus method; the stochastic generalized non-deterministic dynamic model of the system considering the dynamic elongation and clearance contact of the mooring cable is established; and the Newmark-β method and the interval algorithm are used to solve the problem. The calculation results show that the mean and peak values of the kinematic parameters of the structure are larger than the ideal articulated state; the dynamic tension is changed randomly; and the deflection angle of the gap-contact state is greater than that of the articulated state, which may lead to the instability of the system. Therefore, when studying the concrete structure in water, we should consider the contact state of the joint and analyze its stochastic dynamic characteristics.
Variable speed digital hydraulic transformer–based servo drive
Authors: Linjama Matti
Published: August 2019

This article studies a digital hydraulic servo drive driven by a variable speed electric servomotor. Digital displacement control is implemented by using a two-port digital hydraulic power management system having six pistons and 18 on/off control valves. The first port of the digital hydraulic power management system controls the cylinder speed, while the second port is connected to a hydraulic accumulator. The peak power is taken from the accumulator, and the electric servomotor supplies only the average power into the system. An experimentally validated simulation model is used, and the results show a combination of adequate controllability and excellent energy efficiency. The estimated reduction in the size of the electric motor is 57%.
Adult Fast-Mapping Memory Research Is Based on a Misinterpretation of Developmental-Word-Learning Data
Authors: O’Connor Richard J. , Riggs Kevin J.
Published: August 2019

Fast mapping is often used to refer to children’s remarkable ability to learn the meanings of new words with minimal exposure and in ambiguous contexts. It is one thing to claim that children are capable of learning words this way; it is another to claim that this ability relies on a specific fast-mapping neurocognitive mechanism that is critical for early word learning. Yet that claim has recently been made in adult memory research and used as a theoretical justification for research into an adult fast-mapping mechanism. In this review, we explain why the existence of such a mechanism in children is not supported by developmental research and explore the implications for adult fast-mapping data and research.
Responding to Causal Uncertainty Through Abstract Thinking
Authors: Namkoong Jae-Eun , Henderson Marlone D.
Published: August 2019

The need to understand causality is a powerful motivator. As a result, causal uncertainty, or the sense of not knowing why something happened, can lead to negative psychological consequences and thus activate cognitive processes that can help reduce causal uncertainty. Here, we review the literature that focuses on the relationship between causal uncertainty and abstract thinking. Research shows that causal uncertainty spontaneously motivates people to think more abstractly. This cognitive process has important implications in other domains, such as communication and leadership. For example, when individuals tune in to others on social media during times of causal uncertainty, they prefer more abstract messages, especially when those messages come from socially prominent sources (e.g., leaders). Furthermore, research shows that abstract thinking reduces causal uncertainty by simplifying how causal relationships are cognitively represented. We discuss how these findings relate to previous research and propose directions for future research on the basis of remaining questions.
Impact of Financial Risks on the Profitability of Systematically Important Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Aluko Olufemi Adewale , Kolapo Funso Tajudeen , Adeyeye Patrick Olufemi , Oladele Patrick Olajide
Published: August 2019

This study examines the impact of financial risks in form of credit, interest rate and liquidity risk on the profitability of systematically important banks in Nigeria over the period from 2010 to 2016. The fixed effects regression model is estimated with Driscoll–Kraay standard errors in order to produce results that are robust to heteroscedaticity, autocorrelation, cross-sectional dependence and temporal dependence. After controlling for some bank-specific, industry-specific, macroeconomic and institutional factors, the empirical results show that credit and liquidity risks have a positive impact on bank profitability while interest rate does not have an impact. The results are robust to alternative measures of profitability.
Paradigm of Historical Axiomatism Beyond New Institutionalism: Rebuilt of Management (I) for New Civilization
Authors: Zongcheng Li
Published: August 2019

This article puts forth the hierarchical sequence of ontology beyond the experience of the new institutionalism: arche, paradigm, pattern, structure and factors; thus, the analytic framework of the ontology and its axiomatism of complex organizations analysis framework is set. In the new research, the core of the complex organization is attributed to the structure of rights and interests, the dynamics base of complex organizations is attributed to the dynamic system and the right–interest relation, while the dynamic system is concentrated in two aspects: system function–system load and system efficiency–system consumption; the right–interest relation are concentrated on interest structures, human right structures and sovereignty structures. From the personal level to the national level, from the political field to the rest of the society, this series discuss the relationship between interests, human rights and sovereignty, where the right–interest relation, rule framework, game organization and ecological mode are interrelated and mutually determined.
Development of a Mental Health Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE): A Pilot Study
Authors: Stockmann Cherrill , Diaz Desiree A. , Murphy Debra , Dever Kimberly , Marchini Michelle , Huffman-Frazee Jodi , Anderson Mindi
Published: August 2019

Background.An Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is an effective means for clinical evaluation related to clinical competence. Historically, clinical assessment is based on direct observation which can be rooted in subjectivity. Evidence is minimal regarding psychometric properties of an OSCE in undergraduate mental health nursing education, although established as a valid measure of clinical competence.

Method.A pilot study was conducted with a convenience sample of 13 sixth semester nursing students to evaluate the validity and reliability of an OSCE framework designed to assess undergraduate mental health nursing students’ clinical competence. The research questions asked: What are the psychometric properties of a mental health OSCE developed for undergraduate nursing education? How do students perceive the OSCE?

Results.Preliminary validity and reliability measures were established, including content and criterion validities and inter-rater reliability. Students perceived the OSCE as both a beneficial and challenging learning experience.

Conclusion.The OSCE was initially established as a valid, reliable tool for the assessment of clinical competence in undergraduate mental health nursing education. This evaluation method may be used to objectively assess mental health nursing knowledge, skills, and attitudes in conjunction with existing clinical assessment methods to provide a valid, reliable measure of clinical competence. More testing is needed.
Travel Time as Work Time? Nature and Scope of Canadian Labor Law’s Protections for Mobile Workers
Authors: Gesualdi-Fecteau Dalia , Nakache Delphine , Matte Guilmain Laurence
Published: August 2019

The spectrum of employment-related geographical mobility ranges from hours-long daily commutes to journeys that take workers away from home for an extended period of time. Although distance and travel conditions vary, there is a strong consensus within existing literature that mobility has physical, psychological, and social repercussions. However, is time spent traveling considered as working time? This question is crucial as it dictates whether or not workers can effectively access different sets of labor rights. The objective of this paper is twofold. First, contributing to a deeper understanding of travel time by offering a more sustained and complex representation of the various employment-related travel schemes. Second, assessing the circumstances under which travel time counts as work time with regard to the employment standards legislation in force in four Canadian provinces: Quebec, Ontario, Alberta, and British Colombia.
Role of Rotation in Total Ankle Replacement
Authors: Najefi Ali-Asgar , Ghani Yaser , Goldberg Andy
Published: August 2019

Background:

The importance of total ankle replacement (TAR) implant orientation in the axial plane is poorly understood with major variation in surgical technique of implants on the market. Our aim was to better understand the axial rotational profile of patients undergoing TAR.

Methods:

In 157 standardized computed tomography (CT) scans of patients with end-stage ankle arthritis planning to undergo primary TAR surgery, we measured the relationship between the knee posterior condylar axis, the tibial tuberosity, the transmalleolar axis (TMA), and the tibiotalar angle. The foot position was measured in relation to the TMA with the foot plantigrade. The variation between the medial gutter line and the line bisecting both gutters was assessed.

Results:

The mean external tibial torsion was 34.5 ± 10.3 degrees (11.8-62 degrees). When plantigrade, the mean foot position relative to the TMA was 21 ± 10.6 degrees (0.7-38.4 degrees) internally rotated. As external tibial torsion increased, the foot position became more internally rotated relative to the TMA (Pearson correlation, 0.6; P < .0001). As the tibiotalar angle became more valgus, the foot became more externally rotated relative to the TMA (Pearson correlation, −0.4; P < .01). The mean difference between the medial gutter line and a line bisecting both gutters was 4.9 ± 2.8 degrees (1.7-9.4 degrees). More than 51% of patients had a difference greater than 5 degrees. The mean angle between the medial gutter line and a line perpendicular to the TMA was 7.5 ± 2.6 degrees (2.8-13.7 degrees).

Conclusion:

There was a large variation in rotational profile of patients undergoing TAR, particularly between the medial gutter line and the TMA. Surgeon designers and implant manufacturers should develop consistent methods to guide surgeons toward judging the appropriate axial rotation of their implant on an individual basis. We recommend careful clinical assessment and preoperative CT scans to enable the correct rotation to be determined.

Level of Evidence:

Level IIc, outcomes research.
Interleukin 4: Its Role in Hypertension, Atherosclerosis, Valvular, and Nonvalvular Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Kassem Kamal M. , Ali Mahboob , Rhaleb Nour-Eddine
Published: August 2019

Hypertension is one of the major physiological risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, and it affects more than 1 billion adults worldwide, killing 9 million people every year according to World Health Organization. Also, hypertension is associated with increased risk of kidney disease and stroke. Studying the risk factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension is key to preventing and controlling hypertension. Numerous laboratories around to globe are very active pursuing research studies to delineate the factors, such as the role of immune system, which could contribute to hypertension. There are studies that were conducted on immune-deficient mice for which experimentally induced hypertension has been ameliorated. Thus, there are possibilities that immune reactivity could be associated with the development of certain type of hypertension. Furthermore, interleukin 4 has been associated with the development of pulmonary hypertension, which could lead to right ventricular remodeling. Also, the immune system is involved in valvular and nonvalvular cardiac remodeling. It has been demonstrated that there is a causative relationship between different interleukins and cardiac fibrosis.
How to Work Smarter, Not Harder When Implementing Check-In/Check-Out
Authors: Weber Meredith A. , House Rich Sara E. , Duhon Gary J.
Published: August 2019

Check-in/check-out (CICO) is a well-established Tier 2 intervention to address at-risk student behavior problems. Despite its widespread empirical support and applied use, CICO can be taxing for teachers to implement when there is insufficient time available and teacher self-efficacy in addressing behavior problems is low. Evaluation of CICO is necessary to promote smarter decision making and efficient service delivery for students at risk of developing more severe problem behaviors. The discussion article outlines one method to identify the exact amount of Tier 2 support needed to improve an individual student’s behavior.
This Text Is (Not) a Scientific Paper
Authors: Raimondi Gustavo Antonio , Moreira Claudio , de Barros Nelson Filice
Published: August 2019

If you are troubled with the way we know the world, with the “traditional” academic sets, with the way certain bodies (maybe your body too) are treated, and with the way certain things are hidden and excluded in academia, so this text is (maybe) for you! . . . if you think “science” is the way to know the world, “valid” knowledges are made in academic sets, and papers represent the “scientific product,” this text is also (maybe) for you too! Playing with our personal/political stories, we do a co-performance autoethnography to honor different way of knowledge. We invite you to think with us about science, resources, and possibilities embodied in our texts, in our lives.
Effect of modified atmosphere packaging on quality of bread with amaranth flour addition
Authors: Kurek Marcin A , Krzemińska Agnieszka
Published: August 2019

The study of the effect of the modified atmosphere packaging on quality of the bread was done after replacing wheat flour with amaranth flour in replacement of wheat flour for 0, 5, 10 and 15% by weight. The bread was stored for one, three and seven days in the ATM, 100% N2 and 30% CO2. The study proved the 30% CO2 modified atmosphere to be the optimal storage condition. It allowed to preserve volume, water content and contributed at least to increase in hardness of bread, which with the addition of amaranth flour decreased. The colour of bread during storage was characterised by the increase in L* parameter and decrease in a* and b*. For the decreased storage time, the effect was opposite. The replacement by 5% of amaranth flour increased the polyphenol content and did not affect bread quality.
Effect of Drypetes gossweileri essential oil and irradiation treatments on inhibition and sensitivity of bacterial spores
Authors: Olugu Steve Voundi , Nyegue Maximilienne Ascension , Lazar Iuliana , Stamate Marius , Raducanu Dumitra , Rati Ioan Viorel , Etoa François-Xavier
Published: August 2019

This work assesses the effect of Drypetes gossweileri essential oil on germination of Bacillus spores inoculated in orange juice and milk. We also report the capacity of the essential oil at 0.25, 0.5 and 1 µg/mL to induce sensitivity of spores to some irradiation treatments. The concentrations of essential oil were chosen after sensory analysis. The results show that the essential oil inhibited spores germination with minimal inhibitory concentrations inhibiting spore germination (MICg) of 10 µg/mL in the orange juice. In milk, the spores appeared to be less sensitive with MICg varying from 20 to 40 µg/mL. The sensory analysis revealed 2.5 µg/mL as the acceptable concentration of essential oil in orange juice. The essential oil at 1 µg/mL induced the sensitivity of spore of three Bacillus to alpha radiation of 101.4 Gy. Ultraviolet-C and microwave treatments in the presence of essential oil in general led to higher inactivation of spores up to 100% in some cases.
Testing a Musical Game Activity for Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Riggins Jordan , McLennon Susan M.
Published: August 2019

Leisure programs that combine music with active leisure activities are more common than music combined with passive activities. The latter offers alternatives for older adults with health declines. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the effect of an innovative song bingo game on mood, satisfaction, and acceptability in community-residing older adults. The design was quasi-experimental. A convenience sample of 13 older adults (mean age = 74.4; 53.8% female, 38.5% black) were recruited from a community senior center. The intervention was an innovative song bingo program offered one time with staff assistance. A song list was created from age-appropriate music. Measures included a demographic survey, mood scale, and satisfaction and acceptability items. Data analysis was performed to compute descriptive items and compare mean mood scores before and after the program. Before the program, 33.4% of the participants reported their mood as “very happy” or “happy.” Afterwards, 61.5% reported their mood was either “very happy” or “happy.” When comparing the preprogram and postprogram mean mood scores, mean values increased from 5.0 (standard deviation [ SD] = 1.0) to 5.7 ( SD = 1.4), although the difference was not statistically significant ( t = −1.8, p = .09). Overall participants were satisfied and would play again. This program was cost-effective and improved mood in community-dwelling older adults. Replicating this study in a larger sample and different settings is recommended.
Sex-specific risk factors determine the survivorship of female and male patients after metal-on-metal hip resurfacing
Authors: Amstutz Harlan C , Le Duff Michel J
Published: August 2019

Background:

The need for revision surgery after hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) is more prevalent for women than for men. However, there is a paucity of information to explain this observation. We aimed (1) to determine sex-specific risk factors leading to revision surgery; and (2) to correlate these risk factors to the dominant modes of failure of HRA.

Methods:

1101 patients (1375 consecutive hips) including 292 women (355 hips) and 809 men (1020 hips) with a mean age of 51.3 years were included regardless of bone quality. The contact patch to rim distance was computed.

Results:

A contact patch to rim (CPR) distance of ⩽7 mm, an aetiology of developmental dysplasia, a postoperative abduction-adduction arc of ⩾95°, and a metaphyseal stem left uncemented were risk factors associated with revision surgery for female patients, while a CPR distance of ⩽10 mm, a component size of ⩽46 mm, an age at surgery of ⩽55 years, and an early femoral preparation technique were risk factors for male patients. Hips with no risk factors from the female group had a survivorship of 98.7% at 15 years, matching or exceeding the results of all male subgroups. However the risk factors in the female group increased the risk of revision much more than in the male group.

Conclusions:

In the absence of risk factors, the survivorship of HRA in female patients is equal to that of males. Many female patients can safely benefit from HRA by excluding severe dysplasia and optimising surgical technique.
Living with the past: the creation of the stolen generation positionality
Authors: Gilbert Stephanie
Published: August 2019

That you could look down to your arm and hands and see brown skin, but it connote nothing but disgust or confusion, is one consequence of the assimilationist policies implemented on Aborigines throughout Australia in the 1900s. Some removed children had little exposure or experience of Aboriginal culture, family and no reinforcement to live “as an Aborigine”. Understanding the disconnect experienced by these removed children, between being visually perceived as Aboriginal and living an identity they have been forced to create is important. This article describes how this disconnect is understood as a dysphoria holding both body-focused aspects and cultural aspects. It is proposed here that these dysphoric constructions have resulted in a unique way within this population and influences how the individuals involved have come to understand their lived identity and, indeed, how they might continue to be understood as a legitimate part of the span of indigeneities.