bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reversal of Antidepressant-Like Effects and Cognitive Enhancement of Liuwei Dihuang Decotion by Antagonist of G protein-coupled receptor 30 via CREB-BDNF Signaling Pathway in the Hippocampus
Authors: Xu Biyun , Xue Daiyu , Mai Runru , liang Hailong , Cai Qinghao , Huang Jiayu , Yang Zhimin , Cheng Xiao
Published: June 2021

Backgrounds: Memory impairment is an important factor affecting the prognosis of depression, with unclear mechanism and lack of effective drugs. Our previous study has showed that Liuwei Dihuang decoction (LW) could alleviates depression and memory through upregulation of G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) - cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) - brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). However, further confirmation is needed. In this study, we investigate whether G15, a GPR30 specific antagonist could reverse the effects of LW on depressive mood and spatial memory. Methods: Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rat model was used, divided into normal group, model group, LW(7.81 g/kg/d ) group, LW(7.81 g/kg) + 10ug/d G15 group and LW + 40ug/d G15 group. The open field test (OFT) and sucrose preference test (SPT) were used to measure depression in rats, and the morris water maze (MWM) was used to test the learning memory of rats. The serum estrogen level was analysed by Elisa method. The GPR30, CREB and BDNF level of hippocampus were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Results: LW (7.81 g/kg/d) remarkably increased the intake of sugar water, lengthen ed the total distance and rearing times of OFT, shortened mean latency and times crossing the platform and time-spending during the platform quadrant of MWM in CUMS rats. LW also significantly increased serum level of estrogen and upgregulated the mRNA and protein level of GPR30, BDNF and protein level of CREB, while G15 reversed protective effect of LW on all of them. Conclusion: LW (7.81 g/kg/d) ameliorates depressive behavior and memory deficits associated with CMS-induced in rats. The mechanism may be mediated by hippocampal GPR30 – CREB - BDNF signaling pathway.
Study of Dust Structure nearby Asymptotic Giant Branch Star using IRAS Survey
Authors: Gautam Sujan Prasad , Silwal Ashok , Khanal Manish , Jha Ajay Kumar
Published: June 2021

This study performed an investigation of a dust environment, in the far-infrared bands (60 and 100 µm) of Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) survey, using the Sky View Virtual Observatory (https://skyview.gsfc.nasa.gov/current/). A far-infrared cavity structure (depression in the far-infrared background emission) of major diameter ∼ 61.8 pc and minor diameter ∼ 46.5 pc, in the sky coordinate, R.A. (J2000) = 21h 32m 44.47s and Dec. (J2000) = +55d 15m 16.8s, at a distance ∼ 3.58 kpc was found to lie around a carbon-rich Asymptotic Giant Branch star. We studied the temperature and mass of the dust, radiation intensity distribution, visual extinction, and far-infrared spectral distribution of the cavity structure using the softwares Aladin v2.5, SalsaJ, and ORIGIN 8.5. The range of temperature of dust was observed between 22.24 ± 0.81 K to 23.27 ± 0.21 K, and the entire mass of the cavity was determined to be 2.19 × 1031 kg. In addition, the ﬂuctuating nature of the dust color temperature and Planck function was observed along major and minor diameters of the structure. Moreover, an opposite relationship of dust color temperature and visual extinction was found within the structure. Finally, from the far-infrared spectral distribution, abrupt reduction at 60 µm ﬂux rather than a continual increase was observed, the connection between the AGB wind and the ambient interstellar medium could be the possible reason behind this. Our results obey the similar trends obtained for the other cavity structures in the previous studies; these ﬁndings validate the existing results for a new cavity structure around AGB star within the galactic coordinate -6o < b < +6o.
TUBERCULOSE MAMMAIRE: A PROPOS DUN CAS ET REVUE DE LA LITTERATURE
Authors:   Service De Gynecologie-Obstetrique, Chuel Harouchi Casablanca., El Azery A. , Benkhaira S. ,   Service De Gynecologie-Obstetrique, Chuel Harouchi Casablanca., Sabiri R. ,   Faculte De Medecine Et De Pharmacie, Universite Hassan II, Casablanca., Lamrissi A. ,   Faculte De Medecine Et De Pharmacie, Universite Hassan II, Casablanca., Bouhya S. ,   Faculte De Medecine Et De Pharmacie, Universite Hassan II, Casablanca.
Published: June 2021

La tuberculose mammaire est une localisation rare de tuberculose extra pulmonaire. Elle est souvent prise pour une lesion cancereuse et le diagnostic ne peut etre porte que si lexamenanatomopathologique retrouve laspect classique de granulome epithelioide avec necrose caseeuse ou par la mise en evidence du mycobacterium a letude bacteriologique Nous rapportons un cas de tuberculose mammaire chez une femme jeune patiente de 36 ans pour soulever le probleme de diagnostic quelle suscite.
GROUNDNUT GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSES TO CALCIUM AND PHOSPHOROUS FERTILIZATION
Authors:   National Soil Science Research Center, Khumaltar Lalitpur, Nepal., Malla Razan , Kandel Saraswoti ,   National Soil Science Research Center, Khumaltar Lalitpur, Nepal., Prasasd Yadav Bisheswar ,   Oilseed Research Program, Nawalpur Sarlahi, Nepal., Rasaily Santosh ,   Oilseed Research Program, Nawalpur Sarlahi, Nepal., Wagle Pramod ,   Oilseed Research Program, Nawalpur Sarlahi, Nepal.
Published: June 2021

An experiment was conducted in factorial design with three replications in Nawalpur, Sarlahi, Nepal in 2018 and 2019 to investigate the impact of calcium and phosphorous application on yield and yield components of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Baidehi variety of groundnut was used. Calcium concentrations in three levels (0, 110, and 165 kg ha-1 from Gypsum) and phosphorous rates in three levels (0, 25, and 50 kg ha-1 from SSP) were used in this study. The application of calcium had a major impact on pod production, quantity of filled pods, and hundred seed weight, with 165 kg ha-1 calcium from gypsum performing significantly better than the others. The highest pod yield (2006 and 2477 kg ha-1) was obtained from calcium 165 kg ha-1 in 2018 and 2019 respectively. Calcium application (165 kg ha-1) increased the mean pod yield by 24% compared to the control. Control plots resulted in more than 13% empty pods (pops) compared to when applied with 165 kg Ca ha-1. Phosphorus was rich in the inherent soil leading to no significant effect on the yield components. According to the findings of this research, efficient fertilizer application, especially calcium and phosphorus, is critical for groundnut nutrition and pod filling.
A STUDY OF THE ATTITUDE OF NIGERIANS UNDERGRADUATES TOWARDS COMPUTER BASED EXAMINATION
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Federal College of Education Eha Amufu, Enugu State, Nigeria., Ajogwu N. Emmanuel , T. Olayanju Kayode ,   Department of Computer Science, Federal College of Education Eha Amufu, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Published: June 2021

This study was conducted to assess undergraduates overall attitude towards the trending computer-based test been deployed by tertiary institutions for assessments. A total of two hundred and forty-six undergraduates comprising male and female from science and non-science disciplines were randomly selected for the study. A self-developed scale was used to measure attitude towards CBT. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis, and the findings revealed that academic discipline statistically predicted attitude towards CBT. However, gender as a factor was found not to be a significant predictor of attitude towards CBT. Findings, recommendations, and conclusions are discussed.
PERCEPTIONS ET STRATEGIES PAYSANNES DE GESTION DE LA FERTILITE DES SOLS DANS LA REGION DE TILLABERY DE LOUEST DU NIGER
Authors:   Departement de Gestion des Ressources Naturelles, Institut National de la recherche agricole du Niger,BP: 429 Niamey,Niger., Biga Ibrahim , Mamoudou Boubacar Moussa ,   Faculte des Sciences Agronomiques, Universite de Diffa, BP: 78 Diffa, Niger., Amadou Oumani Abdoulaye ,   Faculte dagronomie et des sciences de lenvironnement, Universite Dan DickoDankoulodo de Maradi, BP: 465 Maradi, Niger., Ali Mahamane ,   Faculte des Sciences Agronomiques, Universite de Diffa, BP: 78 Diffa, Niger.
Published: June 2021

Farms face declining soil fertility. Maintaining this fertility becomes a concern for famers who adopt several strategies to this end. Hence, it is important to know these strategies to better improve and value them. It is in this context that a study was carried out in 15 villages within three municipalities of Tillabery region in Niger. Its objective is to study farmers soil fertility management perceptions and strategies in the municipalities of Gotheye, Tagazar and Torodi. Data collection was carried out through individual surveys of 300 farm managers, with 20 per village, or 100 per municipality. The respondents are mainly illiterate (56%) with agriculture (82%) and house farming (88%) as main activities. They said the soils are poor. Their indicators are soil color (40%), good germination (24%), yield (23%), and soil poorness indicator species (13%). To overcome this, farmers use more manure which is managed sparingly. However, the fallow, neglected by the majority of farmers, lasts only 2 or 3 years. The promotion of integrated soil fertility management through ANR, the use of manures and degraded lands restoration techniques are necessary for the sustainability and improvement of production systems.
FOREFOOT MYOPERICYTOMA: A CASE REPORTAND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: Idarrha Fahd , Aznague Youness , Fathlkhir Yassine , Demnati Brahim , Guedi Omar Abass , Amine Benhima Mohammed , Abkari Imad , Saidi Halim
Published: June 2021

Background:Myopericytoma (MPC) is term that describe a rare group of perivascular tumours of soft tissue and show a range of histological growth patterns. Only a few cases describing MPC have been reported. Aims: To document and investigate the clinical and histopathological characteristics and differential diagnosis of myopericytoma. Patients/methods: The present study reports a unique case of myopericytomas found in the 2nd and 3rd inter-toe spaces of a 54-year-old patient. Results: a 54 year old female patient, presents in our department for a painless mass on the dorsal surface of the right forefoot of progressive installation over 2 years.The mass was firm, non pulsatile and mobile, with no sign of inflammation, evolving in a context of conservation of the general state. The X-ray of the right forefoot did not reveal any notable bone abnormality. An MRI was subsequently performed, which objectified an infiltrating tumor mass of probable sarcomatous origin. The mass was excised surgically, and a pathological and immunohistochemical examination was performed afterward, the diagnosis of myopericytoma was confirmed. No recurrence was found in the follow-up of 12 months. Conclusions: MPC is a rare and mostly benign tumor that presents as spindle cells in a concentric perivascular growth model with an immunohistochemical staining positive for smooth muscle actin. Local recurrences and rarely metastases may occur in atypical and malignant neoplasms.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WELL-BEING AT WORK AND THE PROFESSIONAL ETHICS OF SOCIAL WORKERS
Authors:   Department of Social Science and Humanities, Hanoi Metropolitan University, Hanoi, Vietnam., Thi Huyen Trang Pham
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this article explores the relationship between well-being at work and the professional ethics of social workers. The study used descriptive data collection methods. The participants of this research were 396 social workers (female = 276, male = 120) has been working in hospitals, social work service centers, childcare education centers in Hanoi, ThanhHoa and QuangNinh. The study used two Scales to collect data: (i) a design scale of professional ethics shows throughfive aspects (professional responsibility, confidentiality, relationship with client, relationship with colleagues and relationship with organization, society) (ii) Well-being at work Scale of Paschoal and Tamayo (2008). Data were analyzed by correlation and regression calculations. The research results show that the more social worker follow the professional ethics in all 5 aspects, the higher positive emotionsand sense of accomplishment score and the lower negative emotions score.
CHANGES IN LIPID PROFILE AND LIPOTOXICITY IN PEOPLE WITH HYPOTALAMIC (MORBID) OBESITY
Authors:   Diomid Gherman Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Kishinev, Moldova., Varsan B. , Baciu A.Ja. ,   Associate Professors, Institute of Physiology and Sanocreatology, MECC, Kishivev, Moldova., Fedas V. ,   Associate Professors, Institute of Physiology and Sanocreatology, MECC, Kishivev, Moldova.
Published: June 2021

Accumulation of visceral fat causes a lipotoxic effect on the hypothalamus. Hypothalamic inflammation closes a vicious circle, aggravating the disturbance of neuroendocrine mechanisms to regulate metabolic balance, including coordination of energy consumption (during basic metabolism, physical activity, thermogenesis) and proper feeding behavior, the study group included 62 individuals (women) with obesity. Each patient met the diagnostic criteria for idiopathic hypothalamic syndrome â€“ the neuroendocrine form with obesity.The current study shows that obesity of hypothalamic origin is associated with a dyslipidemia that progresses simultaneously with the increase of the body mass index.
AN OVERVIEW OF THE IGBO COSMOLOGIC-ONTOLOGICAL CONCEPTION AND THE STRUCTURE OF THE WORLD: A PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION
Authors:   Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Arts Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Nigeria., Nnaemeka Onwuatuegwu PhD Ignatius
Published: June 2021

Practically speaking, the way people understand reality (ontology) cuts across the nexus of their thought pattern, belief system and consequently their general attitude to life. Hence, ontology and cosmology are at the basis of Igbo conception of reality and also the spiritual and physical operations of the human world. It is an established fact that a traditional Igbo would like to hold tenaciously to the already established concepts by the Igbo forebears. Hence, any attempt at a critical analysis of these accepted concepts are quickly waved off with such statements as: it has been so and has to remain so. For the Igbo, it is morally wrong to question the wisdom of the ancestors. The wisdom of the ancestors is to be cherished, preserved and propagated to the future generations and not to be questioned or criticized. But materiality is part of reality. As such, neither the created beings nor the universe in general are static but rather dynamic. Dynamism is the natural condition of existence in the world of the moving and sensible reality. Hence, peoples concepts of reality should be necessarily subjected to constant evaluation and re-evaluation in order to ascertain their validity. Thus, the main purpose of this research is to challenge and encourage Igbo-African scholars to delve into many traditional concepts as to critically evaluate them either to discover the truth hidden in them or to make possible the attainment of certainty. However, the research adopts primarily the method of philosophical appraisal to reach to the goal of the research.
MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF BAUR CATCHMENT IN LESSER HIMALAYA: USING GEO-SPATIALTECHNIQUES
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Geography, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand., Singh Neelesh , Tripathi Manisha ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand., Kumar Sunil ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Marwari College, Ranchi, Jharkhand.
Published: June 2021

The current assessment is an undertaking to evaluateand compare variousmorphometric parameters of the Baur catchment. Morphometric analysis of the river basin provides a quantitative description of the drainage system, which is an important aspect of the categorization of the basin (Strahler, 1964).The Baur catchment is located in the outer part of the Lesser Himalaya in the Kumaun region, which is a major part of Western Himalaya.The geographical area of Baur Catchment is 106.233Km2.Morphometric analysis of Baur Catchment includes linear, areal, and relief aspects.The calculation of the morphometric parameter, along with map preparation, was performed with the help of GIS techniques and ancillary material.Most of the area of Baur Catchment is occupied by Siwalik Group (sandstone and clay intercalation with pseudo-conglomerate) of rocks.The entire Baur Catchment has found 6th order drainage, which reveals sub-dendritic to a dendritic type of drainage pattern. It is observed that the drainage density of the Baur Catchment is 3.525 km/halfkm2.
SOCIAL PRINCIPLES AND ETIQUETTE IN THE LIGHT OF SURAH AL-HUJURAT
Authors: Muhammad Waqar Mufti , Imranul Haq Mufti
Published: June 2021

The word Al-hujurat isthe plural and definite formof hujrah which means the private apartment. The verse 4 of this chapter is the only use of this word in the Quran, and due to this uniqueness, the chapter is named after it. Surah Al-Hujurat is the Madani Surah, contains eighteen verses in two sections.Allah Almighty mentioned some vital important ethics and rules of society in this chapter. Surah Al-Hujurat contains etiquette and norms to be observed in the Muslim community, including the proper conduct towards the Islamic prophet Muhammadï·º , an injunction against acting on news without verification, a call for peace and reconciliation, as well injunctions against defamation, suspicion, and backbiting. It also declares a universal brotherhood among Muslims. The thirteenth verse, one of the most famous in the Quran, is understood by Muslim scholars to establish equality with regards to race and origin only God can determine ones nobility based on his piety. In this article, the researcher conducted the research on some etiquettes and ethics of the society and Muslim community in the light of Surah Al-Hujurat.The aim of this study is to give awarenessand importance of moral values of society to all Muslim and to explain how society can be peaceful and free from all defects. This study is beneficial not only to the particular group but to all human being. The researcher mentioned the detail after studying some authentic Tafseer, Hadith and subject-relevant books andalso related Surah Al-Hujurat to current social system and mentioned some findings, whereas summary and suggestions are also given at the end of this article.
AQUATIC MACROINVERTEBRATE STRUCTURE AND DIVERSITY IN ANGUEDEDOU STREAM (ANGUEDEDOUBASIN : COTE DIVOIRE)
Authors:   Laboratoire dEnvironnement Et De Biologie Aquatique (LEBA), UFR-Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement (SGE), UniversitÃ© Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02 (CÃ´te dIvoire)., Coulibaly Mohamed , Adama Camara Idrissa ,   Laboratoire dEnvironnement Et De Biologie Aquatique (LEBA), UFR-Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement (SGE), UniversitÃ© Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02 (CÃ´te dIvoire)., Koffi Konan Mexmin ,   Laboratoire dEnvironnement Et De Biologie Aquatique (LEBA), UFR-Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement (SGE), UniversitÃ© Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02 (CÃ´te dIvoire)., Oi Edia Edia ,   Laboratoire dEnvironnement Et De Biologie Aquatique (LEBA), UFR-Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement (SGE), UniversitÃ© Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02 (CÃ´te dIvoire)., Doumbia Lassina ,   Laboratoire dEnvironnement Et De Biologie Aquatique (LEBA), UFR-Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement (SGE), UniversitÃ© Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02 (CÃ´te dIvoire)., Ouattara Allassane ,   Laboratoire dEnvironnement Et De Biologie Aquatique (LEBA), UFR-Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement (SGE), UniversitÃ© Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02 (CÃ´te dIvoire)., Diomande Dramane ,   Laboratoire dEnvironnement Et De Biologie Aquatique (LEBA), UFR-Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement (SGE), UniversitÃ© Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02 (CÃ´te dIvoire).
Published: June 2021

Aquatic macroinvertebrates play an important rÃ´le in ecosystems and are usually used as bioindicators to assess their health. This study aim to assess the structure and diversity of these organismson one hand and the effect of the environmental variables on the characteristics of their communities in Anguededou Stream basin (CÃ´te dIvoire) on the other hand. Six stations were monthly sampled during one year period (March 2018 - February 2019). A total of 171 taxa belonging to 77 famillies and 14 orders were recorded. The Insecta class was the most diversified with 150 taxa (87.20% of total species richness) followed by the Gasteropoda, Malacostraca, Acheta and one species in Oligocheta. The highest values of diversity indices were collectedin the upstream station A1 while highest values of Sorensen similarity index were found between the midstream stations (i.e. A3, A4, A5). A strong positive correlation between conductivity, turbidity, salinity, and a negative correlation with dissolved oxygenwas found with the Chironominae subfamily, and the species Diplonychus sp., Hydrobius sp., Hydracharina sp., Hydrochara sp. and Physa marmorata, while the Tanypodiinae subfamily was highly associated with increased of dissolved oxygen. Macroinvertebrates diversity and species composition was found significantly affected by anthropogenic disturbances.
A REVIEW ON QUESTION AND ANSWER SYSTEM FOR COVID-19 LITERATURE ON PRE-TRAINED MODELS
Authors:   Atmiya University, Rajkot., Hilloni Bavishi , Nandy Debalina ,   Atmiya University, Rajkot.
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 literature has accelerated at a rapid pace and the Artificial Intelligence community as well as researchers all over the globe has the responsibility to help the medical community. The CORD-19 dataset contains various articles about COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, and related corona viruses. Due to massive size of literature and documents it is difficult to find relevant and accurate pieces of information. There are question answering system using pre-trained models and fine-tuning them using BERT Transformers. BERT is a language model that powerfully learns from tokens and sentence-level training. The variants of BERT like ALBERT, DistilBERT, RoBERTa, SciBERT alongwith BioSentVec can be effective in training the model as they help in improving accuracy and increase the training speed. This will also provide the information on using SPECTER-document level relatedness like CORD 19 embeddings for pre-training a Transformer language model. This article will help in building the question answering model to facilitate the research and save the lives of people in the fight against COVID 19.
KINESITHERAPY AND ULTRASOUND IN CHILDREN WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Authors:   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University - Sofia, University Hospital Alexandrovska, G. Sofiiski str. 1, 1431, Bulgaria., Dimitrova Viara , Perenovska Penka ,   Department of Pediatrics, Medical University â€“ Sofia, University Hospital Alexandrovska, G. Sofiiski str. 1, 1431, Bulgaria., Aleksiev Assen ,   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University - Sofia, University Hospital Alexandrovska, G. Sofiiski str. 1, 1431, Bulgaria.
Published: June 2021

Introduction:- There are no studies in the literature on the combination of kinesitherapy and ultrasound in children with bronchial asthma. Objective:- To compare the effect of the combination of kinesitherapy and ultrasound in children with bronchial asthma compared to a control group without rehabilitation. Material and methods:- 24 children (age 9.63 Â± 3.56 years) with bronchial asthma were followed for 10 days (5 days as inpatients and 5 days as outpatients). They were randomized into two identical groups - physiotherapeutic and control. Both groups were treated with standard pharmacotherapy. The physiotherapy group was further treated with kinesitherapy and ultrasound. Spirometric and anthropometric parameters were recorded at the beginning and end of the therapeutic course. The ratios between actual and expected spirometric parameters, adjusted for all anthropometric parameters, were included in the statistical analysis. Results:- In both groups, the ratios between the actual and the expected spirometric parameters improved significantly after 10 days of treatment compared to before (P<0.05). The improvement after treatment was significantly greater in the physiotherapeutic compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion:- In the 10-day treatment of children with bronchial asthma, the combination of kinesitherapy and ultrasound has a significant therapeutic effect, building on that of pharmacotherapy.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ATTITUDESOF NIGERIANS TOWARD PERSONS WITH PHYSICAL CHALLENGES
Authors:   Department of Social Sciences and Humanities, Institute of Management and Technology (IMT) Enugu, Nigeria., C. Onah Festus , T. Ugwu Kelechi ,   Department of Social Sciences and Humanities, Institute of Management and Technology (IMT) Enugu, Nigeria.
Published: June 2021

The present study aimed to examine the factors influencing the attitudes of Nigerians toward people with a physical disability. The study hypothesized that education and exposure to the physical challenge would influence attitudes toward people with a physical disability. The design of the study was cross-sectional. The participants comprise one hundred (100) workers drawn from state and local government civil service in the Enugu State, Nigeria, using a random sampling technique. Data were collected through a self-administered survey questionnaire, using a modified version of the Scale of Attitudes towards Disabled Persons (SADP). The result revealed that the participants largely showed positive attitudes towards persons with physical challenges. Two hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis and the analysis revealed that educational leveldid not influence attitude towards the physically challenged. However, it was found that exposure to a person with physical challenges influenced the attitudes toward people with a physical disability.
HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: ANALYSIS ON STUDENT-TEACHER RATIO, STUDENT ENROLMENT, EDUCATION EXPENDITURE AND NUMBER OF UNIVERSITIES IN SINDH
Authors:   Visiting Faculty, Department of Public Administration, University of Karachi, Pakistan., Rahim Hanafi Munazza
Published: June 2021

Development and social safety of a country rely more on all the actions that involve proficiency, knowledge and highly qualified manpower who can bridge between new opportunities and job demand. Number of higher education institutions, student-teacher ratio whichdepict quality of education, student enrolment in universities and availability of qualified teachers is vital for the promotion of quality education with a smooth transaction of academic activities across the country. This research study is an effort to measure the situation of public and private universities in Sindh by focusing on the number of universities, student-teacher ratio in public and private sector, number of teachers and Sindh education expenditure. Date included in the study to achieve the objective has been reviewed and examined from the available source (Pakistan Education Statistic). An increase can be seen in the public universities but still there are more private universities in Sindh. Data reveals that the number of teachers in both university sectors has declined and there is an increasing trend of part time teachers in respective universities. Prominent decline can be seen in public sector university enrolmentswhereas increasing percentage ofstudent enrolments has been identified in private sector universities of Sindh.
EVALUATION OF TWO METHODS OF GERMPLASM COLLECTION IN MEXICO SOUTHEAST
Authors:   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP)Carretera Chetumal-Bacalar km 25 Campo experimental Chetumal, 77963, Quintana Roo, Mexico., Vidal Cob-Uicab Jose , Jose Herrera-Cool Gilbert ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP)Carretera Chetumal-Bacalar km 25 Campo experimental Chetumal, 77963, Quintana Roo, Mexico., Roman Castillo-Martinez Carlos ,   INIFAP, Centro Nacional de Investigacion Disciplinaria en Conservacion y Mejoramiento de Ecosistemas Forestales (CENID-COMEF) avenida Progreso No. 5, 04010, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico., Rodriguez-Santiago Bartolo ,   INIFAP, Centro de Investigacion Regional Sureste calle 6 No. 398 X 13, Avenida Correa Racho, Col. Diaz Ordaz, 97130, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico., Garcia-Cuevas Xavier ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP)Carretera Chetumal-Bacalar km 25 Campo experimental Chetumal, 77963, Quintana Roo, Mexico., Ramon Rivera-Leyva Refugio ,   INIFAP, Campo experimental MocochaAntigua Carretera Merida-Motul km. 25.5, 97454, Yucatan, Mexico.
Published: June 2021

The implementation of good farming practices in seed collecting is fundamental key to guarantee the physiological and genetic quality of forest seeds. The objective of this work was to evaluate the implementation of two methods to collect seedsfrom Cedrelaodorata L.toguarantee seeds of high physiologicalquality. Seeds from 40 superior phenotypically trees of Cedrelaodorata L. in Yucatan Mexico peninsula region were collected from March to May 2019.The collect methods applied in this research werethe traditionalcollectand the climb trees. The physiological quality of seeds wasevaluated by germination and tetrazolium test. The laboratory analysis confirmed 88% of seeds pure with 94% of germination in climbing trees method, in contrast in the traditional method showed 66% of seeds pure with 72% of germination. The results by conventional germination it was not showed significative statistical differences. These results are part of novel contributions in collectmethodology using tools to climb on trees which to be complement of superior phenotypically trees selection, contribute comprehensively to obtain physiological and genetic quality forest seeds.
MODERN PERSPECTIVES ON RAPID PALATAL EXPANSION
Authors:   BDS, Private Dental Practitioner, Gujarat., Markana Kinnari
Published: June 2021

Maxillary deficiency in the transverse dimension is a common problem in children. The conventional management of such malocclusion is with conventional rapid maxillary expansion. The beneficial effects of such an orthodontic therapy are explained in detail in the literature. But there are also negative effects of conventional rapid maxillary expansion. Thus, the improvements in the methods of expansion has led to discovery of miniscrew assisted rapid palatal expansion. The miniscrew assisted rapid palatal expansion are supported by mini implants and thus enable better skeletal expansion of maxilla. This article will discuss the favourable effects, negative effects, and clinical uses of conventional and miniscrew assisted rapid palatal expansion.
PRIMITIVE MESENTERIC CLAMP SYNDROME : UNUSUAL CAUSE OF UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
Authors:   Departement Of General Surgery, Arrazi Hospital, University Hospital Center Mohamed VI, Marrakech 40000. Morocco., Abbas Riyad , Khalid Rabbani ,   Departement Of General Surgery, Arrazi Hospital, University Hospital Center Mohamed VI, Marrakech 40000. Morocco., Abdelouahed Louzi ,   Departement Of General Surgery, Arrazi Hospital, University Hospital Center Mohamed VI, Marrakech 40000. Morocco., Benasser Finech ,   Departement Of General Surgery, Arrazi Hospital, University Hospital Center Mohamed VI, Marrakech 40000. Morocco.
Published: June 2021

The syndrome of the mesenteric clamp or Wilkies syndrome is defined by a compression of the third duodenum between the superior mesenteric artery, and the aorta . The symptoms are variable and non specific. Management is based first on medical treatment with recourse most often to surgery if failure. We report a review of the literature by reporting an observation of a case. Observation: This is a 27-year-old patient with a history of intermittent chronic vomiting since the age of 16, unexplored, who for the past 1 year has been worsening vomiting becoming persistent with epigastralgia. gravity, evolving in a context of deterioration of the general state and slimming. A high gastrointestinal endoscopy that showed significant gastric stasis, injected abdominal CT found a disparity in caliber against D3. An upper gastrointestinal fluoroscopy showed gastric stasis with a stomach reaching the pelvis. The management consisted in a surgical treatment after failure of the medical treatment with good evolution. The mesenteric forceps syndrome is a rare and benign condition. Positive diagnosis is hard on the scanner. The treatment is medical in the first place but the use of surgery is common.
DELIVERY MANAGEMENT ALGORITHMS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
Authors:   Professor, Department of Computer Technology, Akaki Tsereteli State University., Chumburidze M. , Chachua G. ,   Asisstant Professor, Department of Computer Technology, Akaki Tsereteli State University., Sakhelashvili T. ,   Asisstant Professor, Department of Computer Technology, Akaki Tsereteli State University., Bitsadze E. ,   Asisstant Professor, Department of Computer Technology, Akaki Tsereteli State University.
Published: June 2021

In this article optimization problem of product delivery problems in modern business has been investigated.Desition-making problems to manage network sales strategy is solved.The dynamical model of multistage graph has been constructed. The algorithms to find optimal plan of products salsment is performed. The tools applied in this development based on the generalized dynamical programming methods and graph theory applications.Javascript programming language for software implementation is used.
AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON THE YOUTH OF BANGLADESH TO UNDERSTAND THEIR ROLE IN ACHIEVING SDG TARGET 13.1 DISASTER RESILIENCE
Authors:   Mastul Foundation., Amer Asif
Published: June 2021

Climate change continues to be a global concern because of associated natural disasters and potential destructions and deaths of many. However, this concern has led to the development of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to reduce climate hazards and disasters by 2030. One of the SDGs is disaster resilience, which is about mitigating the risk and increasing preparedness to handle any disaster with minimal casualties. Particularly, the committee on environmental and climate change sustainability has introduced the SDG target 13.1 that handles the resilience concept. The purpose of this research paper was to explore the role of Bangladesh youths in achieving target 13. 1. The researcher adopted a literature review to collect earlier scholars findings on the topic. In addition, qualitative research entailing in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted. The findings revealed that youths play a vital role in the achievement of SDGs, particularly target 13.1. Furthermore, Bangladesh has put commendable efforts to engage youth toward SDG achievement. The efforts are not exhaustive, thus, the research concluded with a recommendation that Bangladesh should expand youth engagement programs toward disaster resilience.
BILATERAL VARIATION IN THE BRANCHING PATTERN OF THE AXILLARY ARTERY - A CASE REPORT
Authors: Fatima Hajira , Hima Bindu N. , Hussain Mohammad Faiz , Chandipriya Dasari
Published: June 2021

During routine dissection of a male cadaver for I year MBBS students in the department of Anatomy bilateral variations in the branching pattern of Axillary artery were observed. In the present study it was observed that, on the left side, the subscapular artery which usually arises from the third part of Axillary artery was found to be originating from the second part along with the lateral thoracic artery and thoraco-acromial artery whereas anterior circumflex humeral artery and posterior circumflex humeral artery originated from the third part as usual. On the right side, the circumflex scapular artery and the Thoracodorsal artery were arising as a common trunk from the third part which is not the usual pattern. Knowing such variations is of utmost significance in performing various clinical procedures by Vascular surgeons, Radiologists, Clinical anatomists and in interventional and diagnostic procedures in cardiovascular diseases.
DIFFERENT PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF TWO WORLD FAMOUS WATERBODIES OF KASHMIR(INDIA)
Authors:   Dept.ofHigher Education, Jammu and Kashmir., Hussain Bhat Ashaq , Hussein Samiea ,   Dept. Of Zoology J.S University Shikohabad UP India.
Published: June 2021

Kashmir valley water bodies have water with alkaline character (Ph 7.1-8.9),the high values of pH being the result of photosynthetic activity from phytoplanktons. The vertical gradient of dissolved oxygen concentrations differs from one waterbody to another throughout the year. These waterbodies have highest Ionic conc. with reference to Calcium and Phosphate dominating among Anions and Cations and high conc. of Mg 3.9-8.1mg/Lwith alkalinity values of 4-376mg/L. Conductivity was 100-230Âµs.Due to increased abundance of phytoplanktonic activity there was an increase in Oxygen saturation and pH but there was a depletion of conductivity (due to precipitation of calcium carbonate), nutrients like NO3, N and reactive silica. The variations in time and depth of other chemical species confirm the periods of water mixing indicated by oxygen and temperature and pH values.
FOOD HYGIENE AND SAFETY PRACTICES OF FOOD ESTABLISHMENTS
Authors:   Sorsogon State University, School of Graduate Studies, Sorsogon City., Ann Tamano Dollentas RN LPT Jamie , Antes Habla , EdD Fely ,   Sorsogon State University, School of Graduate Studies, Sorsogon City.
Published: June 2021

Everyone has anequal right to adequate, appropriate,nutritious, and safe food but along with this right comes a great responsibility which is to ensure food safety for all. Republic Act 10611 otherwise known as the Food Safety Act of 2013 was signed into law by President Benigno Aquino to strengthen the countrys food regulatory structure. It primarily adheres to the declaration of the Philippine constitution to safeguard and promote the right of the people to health and keep them from risk of trade mismanagement as well as hazardous and unsafe products. The law affirms food safety as a vital componentof nation-building to facilitate healthy economy, system, community, and people. On the other hand, altered food safety and security hampers economic development by straining the health care systems, weakening productivity, and damaging the economy.It istherefore imperative to realize the significance of food safety to attain a nationssustainable advancement. Nonetheless, there has been less evidence on the status of food hygiene and safety practices of food establishments.Mainly, this study aimed to determine the food hygiene and safety practices of food establishments. Inparticular,it answered the assessment of the respondents on food hygiene practices of the food establishments along personal hygiene, food preparation practices, safe food storage, andutensils and equipment. Likewise, it identified the food safety practices as perceived by the same groups of respondents in terms of food handling, physical condition, food management system, and health standards implementation. It also investigated if there is a significant difference between the perspectives of the respondents as well as the problems encountered by food establishments. To attain the purpose of this study, a survey type of research was conducted employing a survey-questionnaire as the main instrument in data gathering.
AUTOIMMUNE/INFLAMMATORYSYNDROMEINDUCEDBYADJUVANTS (ASIA) - REVISION
Authors: Novaes Rodrigues Adriana
Published: June 2021

The autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA), also known as ShoenfeldÃ‚Â’s syndrome, encompasses several autoimmune conditions andphenomena that are induced following the exposure to substances with adjuvant activity. The disease spectrum is heterogeneous in respect to clinical presentation as well as severity of the clinical manifestations. Some genetically predisposed individuals can develop generalized non-specific symptoms, autoantibody production, new onset, or worsening of disease presentation. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge presented in the literature on ASIA syndrome, increasing awareness about the basic concepts and highlight the amount of data accumulated in the last few years concerning the relationship between various adjuvants and autoimmunity.
New Multistrain Bacterial Consortium for Feed Probiotics
Authors: Volkova Galina , Serba Elena
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Multistrain probiotics often include biocompatible strains, which leads to suppression of microbial viability and, as a result, decreases their efficacy. Therefore, new probiotics should be based on well-matched strains with no antagonism.

Study objects and methods. The research featured strains of lactic and propionic acid bacteria from the VNIIPBT collection. The method of direct co-cultivation on dense medium (drop technique) was used to assess the biocompatibility of lactic acid bacteria. Antagonism was detected visually based on signs of suppression after 24 and 48 h after the onset of incubation. Antagonism of the consortia was assessed by the Romanovich method.

Results and discussion. The screening resulted in seven promising strains with the specific growth rate of 0.32–0.84 h–1 and the maximum population density ≤ 2.2 billion CFU/cm3. A set of experiments on the strain adaptation mechanisms revealed combinations of strains with the lowest antagonism and competition for the substrate. The research resulted in a four-component consortium of Lactobacillus plantarum 314/8, Lactobacillus helveticus R0052/6, Enterococcus faecium B-2240D, and Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii 103/27. The optimal ratio was the one where the cultures were present in equal proportions. The study also described the biosynthetic properties of the consortium and the ratio of the strains in its composition. The consortium demonstrated a balanced growth, good strain compatibility, and absence of antagonism. The cultivation mode was tested anaerobically on milk whey at 37°C for 24 h (strain ratio = 1:1:1:1).

Conclusion. The new consortium proved suitable for industrial production of feed probiotics.
Ultrasonic Dehydration of Food Products with Moisture Removal without Phase Transition
Authors: Shalunov Andrey , Khmelev Vladimir , Terentiev Sergey , Nesterov Viktor , Golykh Roman
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Dehydration of heat-sensitive and easily oxidized food products require particular temperatures. Exposure to ultrasonic vibrations is an alternative dehydration method that presupposes moderate thermal treatment. The research objective was to identify the optimal range of sound pressure and to design a small-volume dryer.

Study objects and methods. The study featured two novel ultrasonic potato dryers at t = 60 ± 1°C and a drying agent flow rate of 0.50 ± 0.03 m/s.

Results and discussion. The analysis of the drying curves revealed a period of constant flow rate at a low ultrasonic exposure and its absence at a high level of exposure of ≥ 160 dB, which indicated the start of the ultrasonic dispersion process of liquid from the potato surface. The dispersion occurred due to cavitation spraying of liquid without phase transition, which significantly reduced energy consumption. As the sound pressure increased in the range from 150 to 165 dB, the drying speed increased up to 26% by 5 dB. The optimal range of the sound pressure was 160–165 dB, which optimally combined energy consumption and drying time. The research resulted in two 6 kg horizontal and vertical drum dryers that provided even ultrasonic exposure during drying.

Conclusion. The convective ultrasonic potato drum dryers reduced the drying time by 44–47%
Callus cultures of Thymus vulgaris and Trifolium pratense as a source of geroprotectors
Authors: Dyshlyuk Lyubov , Fedorova Anastasiya , Loseva Anna , Eremeeva Natalya
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Geroprotectors are biologically active substances that inhibit the aging process. Many plant species are natural geroprotectors. For instance, Thymus vulgaris and Trifolium pratense are callus cultures with strong geroprotective properties.

Study objects and methods. The present research featured T. vulgaris and T. pratense grown in vitro on various nutrient media. Their extracts were obtained by aqueous-alcoholic extraction using the following parameters: water-ethanol solvent Se = 30, 50, and 70 %; temperature Te = 30, 50, and 70°C; time τe = 2, 4, and 6 h. The quantitative and qualitative analysis was based on high-performance liquid mass spectrometry, gas mass spectrometry, and thin-layer chromatography.

Results and discussion. The optimal extraction parameters for T. vulgaris were τe = 4 h, Te = 50°C, Se = 70 %, for T. pratense – τe = 6 h, Te = 70°C, Se = 70 %. The chromatography detected flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, simple phenols, higher fatty acids, mono- and sesquiterpenes, and aliphatic hydrocarbons. T. vulgaris appeared to have the highest content of thymol (23.580 ± 1.170 mg/mL); its thymol, apigenin, gallic, chlorogenic, and caffeic components demonstrated geroprotective properties. The extract of T. pratense possessed the highest rutin content (10.05 ± 0.35 mg/mL), and it owed its geroprotective characteristics to rutin, chlorogenic and p-coumaric acids.

Conclusion. The callus cultures of T. vulgaris and T. pratense proved to be promising sources of geroprotective biologically active substances.
Potential Benefits of Phytochemicals for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Hosseini Azar , Penson Peter E. , Cicero Arrigo F.G. , Golledge Jonathan , Al-Rasadi Khalid , Jamialahmadi Tannaz , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: June 2021

Background:

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are a leading cause of
death in older adults due to aortic rupture. There are currently no effective medical therapies
for AAA, with surgery being the only acceptable treatment. There is frequently an
extended period between AAA diagnosis and treatment by corrective surgery, during
which an effective drug therapy could prevent or delay the need for AAA repair. Objective:
This review aimed to critically summarize prior research investigating the potential
benefits of phytochemicals in preventing or treating AAA.

Methods:

In vitro, in vivo, and human studies examining the effect of phytochemicals in
AAA models and patients were critically summarised.

Results:

Some preliminary data support the further investigation of curcumin, radix astragali,
grape seed polyphenols, resveratrol, Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761),
Ginsenoide Rb1, Dan Hong, Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, Baicalein, Fucoidan, Quercetin,
and Salvianolic acid as potential treatments for AAA.

Conclusion:

Experimental in vivo and in vitro studies suggest the potential benefits of a
number of medicinal herbs and phytochemicals in preventing or reducing the progression
of AAA. In order to assess whether these findings can be translated into proven treatments,
adequately designed double-blind randomized clinical trials will be required.