bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Factors Affecting Freshwater Snail Intermediate Hosts in Shenzhen and Adjacent Region, South China
Authors: Min Fengyang , Wang Jiasheng , Liu Xiaoguang , Yuan Yi , Guo Yunhai , Zhu Kongxian , Chai Zhaohui , Zhang Yunchao , Li Shizhu
Published: December 2022

Sound knowledge of the local distribution and diversity of freshwater snail intermediate hosts and the factors driving the occurrence and abundance of them is crucial to understanding snail-borne parasitic disease transmission and to setting up effective interventions in endemic areas. In this study, we investigated the freshwater snails, water quality parameters, physical characteristics of habitats, predators and competitors, and human activity variables at 102 sites during December 2018 and August 2019 in Shenzhen and adjacent areas in China. We used decision tree models and canonical correspondence analysis to identify the main environmental and biotic factors affecting the occurrence and abundance of snail species. A total of nine species of snail were collected throughout the study area, with Biomphalaria straminea, Sinotaia quadrata, and Physella acuta being the most predominant species. Our study showed that the most important variables affecting the abundance and occurrence of snail species were the presence of predators and competitors, macrophyte cover, chlorophyll-a, substrate type, river depth, and water velocity. In terms of human activities, snail species occurred more frequently and in larger numbers in water bodies affected by human disturbances, especially for sewage discharge, which may reduce the occurrence and abundance of snail predators and competitors. These findings suggest that proper management of water bodies to reduce water pollution may increase the abundance of snail predators and competitors, and should be considered in integrated snail control strategies in the study area.
Leptospiral Leucine-Rich Repeat Protein-Based Lateral Flow for Assessment of Canine Leptospiral Immunoglobulin G
Authors: Sripattanakul Sineenat , Boonchuay Kanpapat , Prapong Teerasak , Wajjwalku Worawidh , Katzenmeier Gerd , Haltrich Dietmar , Hongprayoon Ratchanee , Prapong Siriwan
Published: December 2022

The recombinant, modified leucine-rich repeat protein rhKU_Sej_LRR_2271 has been suggested as a candidate for leptospiral vaccine development since it was predicted to be a transmembrane protein containing leucine-rich repeat motifs and immunogenic epitopes. The immunogenic epitopes showed binding affinities with lower IC50 values than peptides of known antigenic proteins, e.g., LipL32. Moreover, this protein was immunoreactive with hyperimmune sera against several serovars. In this study, we aimed to develop a lateral flow strip test using the rhKU_Sej_LRR_2271 protein for the detection of anti-leptospiral IgG in dogs. The lateral flow assay was performed with 184 dog plasma samples and evaluated with a culture method, 16S ribosomal RNA gene (rss) analysis real-time PCR, and LipL32 ELISA. The culture method failed to detect leptospires in the dog blood samples. Six of nine symptomatic dogs gave positive results with the real-time PCR assay. The lateral flow assay and LipL32 ELISA gave positive results with 59 and 50 dogs, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the rhKU_Sej_LRR_2271 lateral flow strip test were 70.00, 82.09, and 78.80%, respectively, when compared with LipL32 ELISA. There was a significant association between the LipL32 ELISA and the rhKU_Sej_LRR_2271 lateral flow assay. The rhKU_Sej_LRR_2271 lateral flow strip test has therefore demonstrated a good potential to detect anti-leptospiral IgG in dogs.
Start-Up Evaluation of a Full-Scale Wastewater Treatment Plant Consisting of a UASB Reactor Followed by Activated Sludge
Authors: Díaz-Gómez Jaime , Pérez-Vidal Andrea , Vargas-Nuncira David , Usaquén-Perilla Olga , Jiménez-Daza Ximena , Rodríguez Claudia
Published: December 2022

UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket) reactors have been recognized as a viable option for sewage treatment. However, in order to improve the UASB effluent quality, some type of post-treatment must be implemented. The aims of this study were (i) to establish a start-up methodology of a full-scale anaerobic–aerobic system treating sewage, (ii) to evaluate the concentrations of different constituents in the influent and effluent of the anaerobic and aerobic reactors as well as the removal efficiencies in every step of the system, and (iii) to define relevant operative aspects of the anaerobic and aerobic reactors. The Tunja (Colombia) wastewater treatment plant consists of three modules with preliminary treatment followed by UASB reactors with post-treatment of activated sludge. The results of this investigation showed that the effluent system meets the Colombian environmental legislation with average removal efficiency values of BOD (88 +/− 5%), COD (87 +/− 4%), and TSS (94 +/− 5%). The UASB reactor start-up was conducted without an inoculum, requiring a period of 120 days. The evaluation of the combined systems was conducted over 300 days. Moreover, a methodology to operate the system during and after the start-up of the anaerobic reactor was defined. It was demonstrated that the anaerobic effluent can deteriorate the sludge in the aerobic tank. In order to avoid this, important operational aspects must be considered during the operation of the system, such as the implementation of a raw wastewater bypass higher than 15% and monitoring of the anaerobic effluent settleable solid concentration (<0.3 mL/L).
Development of Technology for Identification of Climate Patterns during Floods Using Global Climate Model Data with Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Jung Jaewon , Han Heechan
Published: December 2022

Given the increasing climate variability, it is becoming difficult to predict flooding events. We may be able to manage or even prevent floods if detecting global climate patterns, which affect flood occurrence, and using them to make predictions are possible. In this study, we developed a deep learning-based model to learn climate patterns during floods and determine flood-induced climate patterns using a convolutional neural network. We used sea surface temperature anomaly as the learning data, after classifying them into four cases according to the spatial extent. The flood-induced climate pattern identification model showed an accuracy of ≥89.6% in all cases, indicating its application for the determination of patterns. The obtained results can help predict floods by recognizing climate patterns of flood precursors and be insightful to international cooperation projects based on global climate data.
Contaminant Removal from Wastewater by Microalgal Photobioreactors and Modeling by Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Mojiri Amin , Ozaki Noriatsu , Kazeroon Reza Andasht , Rezania Shahabaldin , Baharlooeian Maedeh , Vakili Mohammadtaghi , Farraji Hossein , Ohashi Akiyoshi , Kindaichi Tomonori , Zhou John L.
Published: December 2022

The potential of microalgal photobioreactors in removing total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), chemical oxygen demand (COD), caffeine (CAF), and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) from synthetic wastewater was studied. Chlorella vulgaris achieved maximum removal of 62.2% TAN, 52.8% COD, 62.7% CAF, and 51.8% DEET. By mixing C. vulgaris with activated sludge, the photobioreactor showed better performance, removing 82.3% TAN, 67.7% COD, 85.7% CAF, and 73.3% DEET. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Chloroflexi were identified as the dominant phyla in the activated sludge. The processes were then optimized by the artificial neural network (ANN). High R2 values (>0.99) and low mean squared errors demonstrated that ANN could optimize the reactors’ performance. The toxicity testing showed that high concentrations of contaminants (>10 mg/L) and long contact time (>48 h) reduced the chlorophyll and protein contents in microalgae. Overall, a green technology for wastewater treatment using microalgae and bacteria consortium has demonstrated its high potentials in sustainable management of water resources.
A Study on the Drivers of Remote Sensing Ecological Index of Aksu Oasis from the Perspective of Spatial Differentiation
Authors: Ling Chao , Zhang Guangpeng , Deng Xiaoya , Jiao Ayong , Chen Chaoqun , Li Fujie , Ma Bin , Chen Xiaodong , Ling Hongbo
Published: December 2022

The overexploitation and misuse of natural resources in oaseshave put a significant strain on the ecosystem’s fragility. Therefore, a rigorous study of the ecological environment’s quality is required to assure the sustainability of oasis growth. The GEE platform has the features of timeliness and large data cloud processing, which accelerating the development of the remote sensing ecological index. The MODIS data of the research region from 2000 to 2020 were uploaded online to the GEE platform in order to calculate the humidity, greenness, dryness, and heat indices for each year. Principal component analysis was then used to develop the remote sensing ecological index after normalization. In addition, Pearson correlation coefficient, Moran’s I index, geo-detector, and the MK trend test were employed to determine the dependability of the RSEI comprehensive index, analyze the ecological environment status and its change trend in the Aksu River Basin from 2000 to 2020, and investigate the external driving factors of RSEI spatial heterogeneity. (1) The average correlation degree of RSEI is as high as 0.820, and the Moran’s I index is larger than 0.9118; thus, its practicability, dependability, and spatial rationality are enhanced. (2) The natural environment quality of Aksu basin is impacted in two ways by human influences. (1) The adoption of ecological protection measures to support the growth of groundwater reserves in the Aksu basin, increase plant covering, and so improve and enhance the ecological environment’s quality. Following the adoption of ecological protection measures, the average RSEI rose by 12.89%, the ecological quality of the farmland-based region improved considerably, and the quality of the ecological environment was enhanced. (2) Urban growth inhibits environmental progress. The acceleration of urbanization and the large rise in NDBSI have exerted pressure on the development of RSEI, while the growth of cities and towns has decreased the vegetation cover in urban areas and impeded the improvement of ecological environment quality. (3) Both human and environmental causes contribute to the regional variability of RSEI in Aksu Basin. The geographical heterogeneity is mostly caused by temperature and land use, with land use being the most important driver. Strengthening research on the connection between groundwater storage change, land use, vegetation cover, and NDBSI may facilitate the growth of regional green economies.
Lebarkan Sayap Penjualan Melalui Marketplace
Authors: Aghniya Fahsa Urfaini , Komala Adeh Ratna
Published: December 2022

The development of increasingly advanced technology requires business actors to keep up with existing changes. The use of the internet in Indonesia is widely used for the economic field, namely, helping business actors to market their products, provide product information to consumers, and make sales and purchases online. This development affects the growth of the marketplace in Indonesia, consumers are more attracted by the marketplace because it is more practical, can be done anywhere and modern. This research method, using descriptive method. Descriptive research is research conducted to determine the value of independent variables, either one or more (independent) variables without making comparisons, or connecting with other variables. In this study, there were 200 MSME business actors who gave their assessments of the e-commerce marketplace. The results obtained from this research are that the marketplace can provide facilities so that MSME business actors can market their products more broadly globally, can increase sales and facilitate buying and selling transactions to consumers. This study aims to introduce micro, small and medium business actors to several available marketplaces and utilize these marketplaces to expand market access.
Spectral density of stochastic processes in predictive navigation and control problems of ship movement on course
Authors: Popov A , Troeglazov Andrey , Popov V , Makashina I
Published: December 2022

When controlling a modern vessel while moving on a course and under the condition of an integrated bridge satu-rated with instruments, the skipper does not pay enough attention to the analysis of a complex navigational situa-tion, which leads to a chaotic and unpredictable passage of the route. The method of estimating the spectral densi-ty of stochastic processes in the problems of identification, filtering and forecasting of ship management when solving issues of assistance in decision-making by the boat master in navigation and control actions and route op-timization is investigated. The prediction of a stochastic process in real time is investigated on the basis of the ob-tained spectral density estimate, the results of modeling on a ship computer, the convergence rate and the accura-cy of the solution of the problem. The paper also substantiates the need for the formation of stochastic thinking at the future navigator, which allows, based on intuitive and logical thinking, to abandon at the initial stage of solving a problem from deliberately false options for the development of the process in order to ensure the safety of navi-gation.
Exploring diverse perspectives of coastal resilience: The state of resilience model
Authors: Szczyrba Laura , Shawler Justin , Rezaie Ali Mohammed , Constant Vanessa
Published: December 2022

In the context of climate change, the term resilience was popularized by the field of ecology to describe how ecological systems respond to stress and has since been adopted and significantly adapted by various fields, including psychology, policy, urban planning, and engineering. The exact meaning of resilience has blurred over time. In the context of coastal hazards, “resilience” is a holistic idea that relates long and short-term physical hazards with societal and biological impacts and mitigation measures. However, applying this idea to community-based mitigation planning remains challenging due to: (1) the diverse meanings, perspectives, and applications of the term, (2) the tendency of the term to defer to the status quo, thereby neglecting the voices of historically marginalized populations, and (3) the non-participatory and quantitative nature of resilience studies, often depending on cost-benefit analyses. In this paper, an interdisciplinary team of researchers and practitioners develops and proposes a new conceptual model for coastal resilience that offers to help address these aforementioned challenges by focusing on meaningful community engagement. The goal of this paper is to introduce the pitfalls of existing interpretations of coastal resilience, describe the team-based approach applied to develop this framework, and provide a theoretical path forward that addresses the current challenges in describing coastal resilience. This new framework (a) integrates relevant factors of coastal resilience including hazards, exposure, vulnerability, adaptation, mitigation and preparedness to qualitatively explore a community’s perception and state of resilience which (b) transcends existing models and (c) can be interpreted through a variety of perspectives. This model can be applied to document and assess locally differential understandings of coastal resilience and to engage communities in reflections of their individual and collective sense of resilience.
Analisis Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Menggunakan Metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)
Authors: Triagustin Arvida , Himawan Abdurrahman Faris Indriya
Published: December 2022

Inventory of raw materials is one of the main elements to produce products in various industrial fields. Raw material inventory control is an important concern for the manufacturing industry. PT Alra Makmur Cahaya Selaras is a manufacturing company engaged in the fashion sector in Yogyakarta. Calculations in controlling raw material inventories are very important to reduce excessive expenses. The EOQ method is one of the appropriate methods to be applied to find out the best amount of raw material inventory needed by a company to maintain smooth production with an efficient cost. This method is often used because it is easy to implement and is able to provide the best solution for the company, this is proven by using the EOQ method not only to know the most efficient amount of inventory but also to know the costs to be incurred by the company. This study aims to determine how the influence of raw material inventory control on cost efficiency at PT Alra Makmur Cahaya Selaras. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative research, which is a quantitative research described in statistical numerical form that aims to discuss problems that are described, described, compared a data or situation, described and explained the results of the research. Data collection was carried out by means of interviews, documentation and observation. The results of this study indicate that by using the EOQ method the costs incurred can be more efficient when compared to calculations from PT Alra Makmur Cahaya Selaras.
Model Usahatani Terpadu Dampaknya Terhadap Produktivitas, Biaya Produksi dan Pendapatan Petani
Authors: Umawati Ati Diah , Dasipah Euis , KS Karyana
Published: December 2022

: The goal of the research is to know the mix-farming paddy-cow model, the difference of productivityÂ  before and after usage Â bioslurry, Â the difference of cost of production , the difference of farmerâ€™s incomeÂ  and income of livestock business. Method was used by survey census method to 21 respondentÂ  asÂ  unit of analysis. The hypothesis was verifiedÂ  by the t test paired. Result of the research showed the aplication of livestock (cow)Â  technology on mix-farming cow-paddy model has performance 62,97 %, criteria good, the aplication ofÂ  Paddy farming technology has performance 70, 88 % criteria good. Utilization of biogas and bioslurry has performance 76,50 %Â  criteria good.Â  Then the productivity has differentÂ  before and after aplication of bioslurry, whereâ€™s the produktivityÂ  before 52Â  ku/ha and after 63 ku/ha. There was no difference onÂ  cost of production before and after aplication of bioslurry whereâ€™sÂ  before Rp 10.356.067,-/ha and after Rp 11.229.465,-/ha. Then the farm income has not differentÂ  before and after aplication of bioslurry, whereâ€™s before Rp 10.714.355,-/haÂ  with R/C =2,03 and after Rp 12.443.775,-/ha with R/C =2,11. IncomeÂ  of livestock business (cow) has not profitable shown by R/C = 080.Â  Income of mix-farming paddy-cow model has not profitable shown by R/C = 0,55, with in 1 year.
Analisis Ketahanan Pangan Berdasarkan Proporsi Pengeluaran Dan Konsumsi Energi (Suatu Kasus Pada Rumah Tangga Petani Buruh Di Desa Gunungmanik Kecamatan Tanjungsari Kabupaten Sumedang)
Authors: Anzaini Bunga Khofifah , Gantini Tuti , Srimenganti Ning
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to find out the total income and expenditure of farmers' households, to know the proportion of food expenditure to the total expenditure of farmers' households, to know the energy and protein consumption of farmers' households, and to find out the condition of food security of farmers' households in Gunungmanik Village based on indicators of the proportion of food expenditure and energy consumption levels. This research uses descriptive analytical methods. Technical research used is research survey. Based on the results of the study obtained information that the average household income of farmers in Gunungmanik Village is Rp 3,159,598.04 obtained from agricultural business income of Rp 2,009,589.00 (63.61%) and from outside the farm business income of Rp 1,150,000.00 (36.39%). The average expenditure on food is Rp 1.364.284,28 per month and non-food expenditure is Rp 919.413,42 per month. The average proportion of food expenditure to total expenditure is 59,74%. The average energy consumption of farmers' households in Gunungmanik Village is 1,159.68 kkaal/ person/day, while the average energy consumption rate is 54.81%. The food security conditions of farmers' households in Gunungmanik Village based on their levels are food resistant by 1,37%, food vulnerable by 2,73%, lack of food by 24,65% and food insecurity by 71,23%.
Sarcasm Detection with A New CNN+BiLSTM Hybrid Neural Network and BERT Classification Model
Authors: Kaya Sule , Alatas Bilal
Published: December 2022

One of the most common effects in the use of social media today is that people constantly make fun of each other or certain issues or do not take them seriously. Some comments made by sarcastic people in this widespread effect are misunderstood or taken seriously by other users. Some sarcastic comments, especially in the news headlines, create false effects on the readers and create some misunderstandings for people who do not have this sense of humor. Although there are numerous studies on the problem of sarcasm detection, even low performance increment in automatic sarcasm detection is very important and popular task. In this paper, a new hybrid deep neural model is proposed for more efficient automatic detection of sarcastic context. It is aimed to detect sarcasm using a hybrid neural network model CNN+BILSTM and BERT models with bidirectional language processing in a dataset consisting of headlines of The Onion News, which made such sarcastic headlines, and professionally prepared headlines without any sarcastic comments. When the results of this study were examined, it was seen that the model that gave the best results was BERT. In addition, accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score values were checked without using Glove embeddings in the CNN+BiLSTM model, and then the results were compared by applying Glove embeddings. In this comparison, the CNN+BiLSTM model without Glove embeddings gave relatively better results.
تجديد الاصطلاح الفقهي عند الشيخ مصطفى الزرقا
Authors: العجمي محمد مهدي محمد
Published: December 2022

الأهداف: يهدف هذا البحث إلى تتبع المصطلحات التي اقترحها الشيخ مصطفى الزرقا في مشروعه التجديدي (الفقه الإسلامي في ثوبه الجديد)، مع دراسة هذه المصطلحات من ناحية مستنداتها وأسباب وضعها، ويستهدف البحث أيضًا، حث الفقهاء المعاصرين على العناية بتجديد المصطلحات الفقهية متى ما ظهرت الحاجة إلى ذلك.
المنهجية: اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وذلك بالتمهيد للمصطلح بتوضيح صورته وسياقه الذي ورد فيه، ثم عرض خلاصة المصطلح، ثم دراسة المصطلح من حيث: مستند المصطلح، وسبب وضعه.
النتائج: نبع اهتمام الشيخ مصطفى الزرقا بتجديد المصطلحات الفقهية من عقله اللغوي الرزين، وأهم المستندات التي اعتمد عليها في ذلك: المواضعة على تخصيص اللفظ ببعض ما يدل عليه، النص الشرعي، دلالة المفردات العربية، قواعد الصرف والاشتقاق، وأهم الأسباب التي دفعت الشيخ إلى وضع تلك المصطلحات هي: التمييز في التسمية بناء على تميز المفاهيم واختلاف آثارها، والمنع من اشتباه اللفظي نظرًا لاتحاد الرسم الكتابي، ومواكبة لغة العصر.
الخلاصة: خلص البحث إلى التوصية بدراسة التعريفات الفقهية التي وضعها الشيخ مصطفى الزرقا، مثل تعريفه للملك، والمال، والحق، وغيرها، نظرًا لأهميتها.
حوكمة الذكاء الاصطناعي ضمن أحكام القانون الدولي لحقوق الإنسان
Authors: هلال غفران محمد إبراهيم , شعبان يسرا محمد محمود , نجاحي أمال محمد منور
Published: December 2022

الأهداف: هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل حوكمة الذكاء الاصطناعي من منظور حقوق الإنسان. بدأت الدراسة بتحديد العلاقة بين الذكاء الاصطناعي وحقوق الإنسان من خلال تقييم الفرص والمخاطر التي يشكلها الذكاء الاصطناعي على حقوق الإنسان، وبيان مدى كفاية قواعد القانون الدولي لحقوق الإنسان لحماية الأفراد من هذه المخاطر. بالإضافة الى ذلك هدفت الدراسة إلى تقديم منهج لتنظيم عمل الذكاء الاصطناعي وحوكمة تطويره بما يتلاءم مع احترام حقوق الإنسان.
المنهجية: تم اتباع المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي من خلال استقراء أثر الذكاء الاصطناعي على حقوق الإنسان، وتحليل أهم الصكوك الدولية المعنية بحماية حقوق الإنسان ذات العلاقة، وبيان دورها في تنظيم عمل هذه التقنيات وحوكمتها للحفاظ على حقوق الأفراد وكرامتهم الإنسانية.
النتائج: توصلت الدراسة الى عدة نتائج، منها: إن الذكاء الاصطناعي يفتح آفاقًا جديدة للتطور الحضاري البشري؛ لكنه في الوقت نفسه، يجلب العديد من المخاطر الاجتماعية والقانونية على الأفراد والدول. وقد توصلنا أيضا الى أن القواعد القانونية العامة المنظمة لحقوق الإنسان المنصوص عليها في مختلف الصكوك الدولية غير كافية لاستيعاب التطورات الهائلة لتقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي.
الخلاصة: وجوب تطوير تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي من خلال نهج قائم على قيم أخلاقية راسخة، ومبادئ احترام حقوق الإنسان، بالإضافة الى أهمية توحيد المبادئ العامة أو تبنّي مبادئ توجيهية لتنظيم عمل تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي بشكل دولي تحت مظلة هيئة الأمم المتحدة. وتم التأكيد على وجوب إشراك جميع الجهات ذات الصلة كالحكومات والمنظمات الدولية والخبراء مستقلين المعنيين بالذكاء الاصطناعي في صياغة هذه المبادئ التوجيهية.
السلطة التأسيسية في الفقه الدستوري الإسلامي: دراسة فقهية تحليلية
Authors: بو حزامة مصطفى
Published: December 2022

الأهداف: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى رصد خصوصيات السلطة التأسيسية في الفقه الدستوري الإسلامي، وإبراز إمكانية استفادة الفقه الدستوري الإسلامي من مكاسب الديمقراطيات الغربية في ممارسة السلطة التأسيسية التي تضع الدستور أو تقوم بتعديله.
المنهجية: اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي المقارن، حيث تم استعراض خصوصيات السلطة التأسيسية في الفقه الدستوري الإسلامي، وتحليل آراء بعض الفقهاء الدستوريين الإسلاميين بخصوص مصدر الدستور المكتوب وطريقة وضعه. كما تخللت الدراسة بعض المقارنات بين مميزات ظهور مفهوم السلطة التأسيسية في التجارب الدستورية الغربية، ومميزاته بعد انتقاله إلى الدول الإسلامية.
النتائج: توصلت الدراسة إلى أن ممارسة السلطة التأسيسية في الدول الإسلامية يجب أن تتم ضمن إطار الشريعة الإسلامية، مع إمكانية الاستفادة من مكاسب الديمقراطيات الغربية، وذلك بما لا يتعارض مع المبادئ والأخلاق الإسلامية في الحكم.
الخلاصة: المزيد من الانفتاح على التجارب التأسيسية الغربية، وما حققته من مكاسب في ممارسة السلطة التأسيسية خصوصا التي لا تتعارض مع ثوابت الإسلام، كما توصي بتعميق الأبحاث والدراسات في الفقه الدستوري الإسلامي التي ترتبط بالسلطة التأسيسية.
تجنيد المرأة في الشريعة الإسلامية الكويت نموذجًا
Authors: الكندري مريم أحمد علي
Published: December 2022

الأهداف: يتناول هذا البحث بيان نظرة الشريعة الإسلامية لتجنيد المرأة وعملها في السلك العسكري، وتعرض إلى بيان الحكم الشرعي للجهاد والقتال في سبيل الله، والشروط الواجب توافرها في المجاهد في سبيل الله، والحالات التي يتعين فيها الجهاد على كل مسلم، وحكم جهاد المرأة، كما تناول البحث بيان الحكم الشرعي لتجنيد المرأة في المهام العسكرية والقتالية، والحكم الشرعي لتجنيدها في المهام المساندة لخدمة الجيش، والضوابط الشرعية لتجنيد المرأة في الخدمات المساندة للجيش.
المنهجية: استخدمت الدراسة لبيان ذلك: المنهجَ الاستقرائي والتحليلي والاستنباطي.
النتائج: توصل البحث إلى أن الشريعة الإسلامية أوجبت جهاد الطلب على الرجال الأحرار دون النساء، فلا جهاد على النساء إلا للضرورة عند جهاد الدفع إذا هاجم العدو البلاد، وأما تجنيد النساء في الجيش لحمل السلاح وقتال الأعداء في أرضهم فلا يجوز، بخلاف تجنيد النساء للعمل في الخدمات المساندة في الجيش، والتي لا تتعارض مع أحكام الشريعة الإسلامية، فحكمها الشرعي الجواز، بشرط الالتزام بالضوابط الشرعية.
الخلاصة: أهمية التجنيد الإلزامي للنساء لتعليمهن كيفية الدفاع عن أنفسهن عند الضرورة، ووجوب التزام القائمين في السلك العسكري بضوابط الشريعة الإسلامية.
TOWARDS DIGITAL TWIN-DRIVEN PERFORMANCE EVALUATION METHODOLOGY OF FMS
Authors: BOCEWICZ Grzegorz , WÓJCIK Robert , SITEK Paweł , BANASZAK Zbigniew
Published: December 2022

The paper presents a method of automated modelling and performance evaluation of concurrent production flows carried out in Flexible Manufacturing Systems. The method allows for quick assessment of various variants of such systems, considering their structure and the organization of production flow of possible ways of their implementation. Its essence is the conditions imposed on the designed model, limiting the space of possible variants of the production flow only to deadlock-free variants. The practical usefulness of the model implemented in the proposed method illustrates the example, which describes the simultaneous assessment of alternative variants of the flexible machining module's structure and the planned multi-assortment production. The ability of the method to focus on feasible solutions offers attractive perspectives for guiding the Digital Twin-like scenario in situations caused by the need to change the production flow.
APPLICATION OF SIMULATION RESEARCH TO ANALYSE THE PRODUCTION PROCESS IN TERMS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: ZACHCIAŁ Agnieszka , JARDZIOCH Andrzej
Published: December 2022

Sustainable development is an very important idea nowadays and it influences on many factors. It is very important to focus on the goals of sustainable development and implement them both in industry and in everyday life. The aim of the article is to analyse the impact of implementing an automatic conveyor belt transport system between the stands of an exemplary assembly line on sustainable development in economic and environmental terms. The analyzed production process consists of one production line with six assembly stations. The efficiency of individual design solutions and electricity consumption were adopted as the evaluation criteria. To compare the two processes, a simulation analysis was performed in the Plant Simulation program. First chapter is the introduction to the article. The second chapter describes the current applications of simulation tests. The third chapter describes the production system that is improved by adding conveyors. The next chapter compares the processes with and without the use of conveyors and presents how much energy must be used additionally by implementing conveyor belts, but also what energy savings can be obtained by installing additional stop sensors. The fifth chapter presents the conclusions: the conducted research allowed concluding that the implementation of conveyor belts affects a higher number of finished products at the same time as the transport of components is manual. However, the best solution is to use conveyors with stop sensors, and the power consumption is then low and more profitable for the enterprise.
ANALYSIS OF THE USABILITY AND ACCESSIBILITY OF WEBSITES IN VIEW OF THEIR UNIVERSAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES
Authors: BADZIO Błażej , BODZIAK Agnieszka , BRODAWKA Bartłomiej , BUCHAJCZUK Karol , SKUBLEWSKA-PASZKOWSKA Maria , DZIEŃKOWSKI Mariusz , POWROŹNIK Paweł
Published: December 2022

Universal design is a strategic approach for planning and designing both the products and their environment, aimed at making a given product available to the widest number of possible users. It ensures equality for all of them and the opportunity to participate in the society. This concept is also crucial in the process of designing and developing software. The research was conducted with the use of four services, three of them were implemented for the purpose of this study. Two of them took into consideration the principles of universal design, while the others did not. The aim of the study was verification of the level of usability and accessibility of services by means of three independent methods: the LUT (Lublin University of Technology) checklist, an assessment taking into account WCAG 2.0 (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines) standards using the automatic WAVE evaluation tool (Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool) and a device allowing to track the movement of the eye while performing various tasks on websites. The websites were assessed by twenty experts in the field of creating web application interfaces, using the LUT checklist. The time to the first fixation (TTFF) that it took respondents to look at  specific website elements was measured using the eye tracker device and iMotions software. All websites were checked by means of the WAVE tool to detect irregularities and non-compliance with universal design standards. The analysis performed clearly indicated that websites that follow the universal design guidelines were more useful, intuitive and accessible for users. It might be concluded that interfaces allow to find necessary information and perform desired actions in a shorter time when prepared in accordance with the principles of universal design.
Estudio sobre asociación entre colesterol, triglicéridos y glucosa en pacientes asintomáticos que acuden a consulta médica en un centro de salud privado en Villa El Salvador, Lima, Perú. 2021
Authors: Guevara-Tirado Alberto , Sanchez-Gavidia Joseph J.
Published: December 2022

Objetivo. Determinar si existe correlación entre los niveles de glucosa basal con los niveles de colesterol y triglicéridos en pacientes asintomáticos o con molestias inespecíficas que acuden a consulta para evaluaciones de rutina. Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal analítico correlacional. Las variables fueron los niveles de colesterol, triglicéridos y glucosa. Se recabo información de 637 pacientes mayores de 18 años en un policlínico del distrito de Villa el Salvador desde enero hasta julio del año 2021, en el análisis estadístico se utilizó el programa SPSS 21, para el estudio de correlación se usó el coeficiente de Spearman con un nivel de significancia de 0,01. Resultados. Solo el 50,60% y 50,90% de pacientes tuvieron niveles normales de colesterol y triglicéridos, respectivamente. El 15,90% de pacientes presenta pre-diabetes y el 15,10% tiene diabetes mellitus. Asimismo, se encontró una asociación baja y positiva entre glucosa y colesterol (0,145) y entre glucosa y triglicéridos (0,255) así como una correlación moderada y positiva entre colesterol y triglicéridos (0,405). Conclusión. Existe un bajo grado de asociación entre las variables estudiadas por lo que no es posible determinar los valores de colesterol y triglicéridos en base a glucosa y viceversa, esto se puede atribuir a que los niveles de glucosa y colesterol están regulados por factores fisiológicos y genéticas distantes.
Vacunación del adulto en atención primaria: durante y después de pandemia
Authors: Blanco-Betancur Mariana , Díez-Concha Jose F. , García-Trochez Maria F. , Zambrano-Pabón Liliana P. , Rivera-Eraso Viviana M. , Sánchez-Duque Jorge A.
Published: December 2022

La inmunización es uno de los avances más importantes de la medicina, logrando la protección contra numerosos microorganismos que han puesto en riesgo la salud de la población durante siglos y siendo en la actualidad una de las principales estrategias de prevención en salud; recientemente con la aparición del COVID-19 se ha marcado un antes y un después, pues a partir de la pandemia la vacunación recobró visibilidad e importancia, sin embargo, a pesar de la evidencia disponible, existe una limitada divulgación y promoción de la vacunación en el adulto, situación que genera una baja cobertura en esta población. El contexto global actual configura un llamado urgente a fortalecer la implementación de planes y estrategias de vacunación no sólo en la población pediátrica, sino también en la población adulta, por lo que el objetivo de esta revisión narrativa es sintetizar las recomendaciones actuales de vacunación en la población adulta de Colombia y América Latina con un enfoque en atención primaria en la población adulta. Para esto, se llevó a cabo una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PubMed, Science direct, Redalyc, Scielo y Google académico; Incluyendo estudios relacionados con la vacunación en el adulto en Colombia y América Latina, los cuales permiten plantear estrategias sistematizadas de vacunación en atención primaria.
Synthesis of Mg2Si1−X
Ge
X
solid-solution nanostructures by thermal annealing of CaSi2 crystal powders with Ge and MgCl2/Mg
Authors: Sekino Kaito , Shimura Yosuke , Takahashi Naohisa , Tatsuoka Hirokazu
Published: December 2022

Mg2Si1−X
Ge
X
solid-solution nanostructures, a collection of nanoparticles in the form of polycrystalline sheet, were synthesized by thermal annealing of CaSi2 crystal powders with Ge/MgCl2 mixed powders and Mg balls. The Ca atoms were extracted from CaSi2 crystals to synthesize a nanostructure. Subsequently, the Ge atoms were transported into the Si nanostructures by selective etching of Si and Ge, and Mg was incorporated from the Mg atmosphere. Concentration of X (Ge composition) was varied in the Mg2Si1−X
Ge
X
solid-solution nanostructures at the given process conditions and storage environment. The homogeneity of X-concentration in the nanostructure improved with increasing annealing temperature. Effect of the annealing temperature on the structural properties of the nanostructure was examined.
Sonic disruption of wood pulp fibres aided by hydrophobic cavitation nuclei
Authors: Anderton Nicole , Carlson Craig S. , Poortinga Albert T. , Xinyue Hu , Kudo Nobuki , Postema Michiel
Published: December 2022

For paper manufacturing and biofuel production, the controlled deformation of wood pulp is of interest, provided that the integrity of the fibre structure remains intact. Conventional ultrasonic pretreatment in the near-audible range has been observed to cause uncontrolled inertial cavitation damage in wood pulp fibres. To prevent internal damage, we proposed to subject wood pulp mixed with hydrophobic particles to 1-MHz short pulses above the nucleation threshold of the particles but below the Blake threshold, and to observe the interaction of pulsating cavities and wood pulp fibres assisted by high-speed photography. Our 1-MHz results showed the interaction of a collapsing bubble with a wood pulp fibre wall to form a liquid jet hitting the fibre, without apparent destruction of the structure, whilst our 20-kHz controls confirmed previously observed structural destruction. This study shows the feasibility of controlled wood fibre deformation at a high ultrasound frequency.
Formation of a one-dimensional hole channel in MoS2 by structural corrugation
Authors: Gao Yanlin , Nakajima Haruna , Maruyama Mina , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Kitaura Ryo , Okada Susumu
Published: December 2022

We have investigated the energetics and electronic structure of monolayer MoS2 with periodic structural corrugations by density functional theory. The total energy of corrugated MoS2 slightly increases with increasing corrugation height, which indicates that the MoS2 sheet intrinsically and extrinsically possesses nanometer scale structural corrugation. The corrugation causes an upward shift of the valence band edge and a downward shift of the conduction band edge owing to the local strain at the wrinkle peak. Accordingly, by injecting holes using the external electric field, the corrugation leads to a one-dimensional conducting channel in the MoS2 sheet. This indicates that corrugation is a plausible procedure to control the dimensionality of the electrons and holes in two-dimensional materials without implementing one-dimensional boundary conditions.
Coffee Grind Size Detection By Using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Architecture
Authors: Franky Leonard  , Akbar Habibullah
Published: December 2022

Identification of coffee grinder results is one of the needs to support the government and coffee shop UMKM to innovate coffee drink products. Special expertise and sufficient time are needed to process the identification of coffee grinder results in the laboratory. Several previous research methodologies, the process of identifying the results of coffee grinders is still manual with human visuals. While the use of a computer system is obtained from cross-sectional images of coffee grounds using microscopic and macroscopic processes. Currently, computer vision and machine learning technologies have been developed to identify various types of objects, one of which is coffee objects. This study contributes in classifying several classifications of coffee grinder results using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). The novelty of this research lies in improvising the optimal CNN parameters in detecting objects from a coffee grinder. The proposed AlexNet architecture has seven layers, namely three convolution layers, two max-pooling layers and two Hidden Layers for the five characters of the coffee grinder image dataset.dataset private resulting from a coffee grinder of 1039 items and an augmentation process to make it more optimal and prevent overfitting , the test first changes the input image to 50 x 50, 100 x 100, and 150 x 150 pixels and each repeats at 250 epochs. The experimental results show that AlexNet with parameters batchsize 8, Learning Rate 0.001, Optimizer SGD, training and splitting data ratio 0.6:0.4 and balanced data typehasan accuracy validation value reaching 95%.
Implementation of Differentiated Learning Through Play Activities in Early Childhood
Authors: Astuti Ika , Afendi Achmad Ruslan
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the activities of teachers in the implementation of differentiated learning through play activities in early childhood. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The instrument used is an observation sheet to observe the actions of teachers and students. Written guidelines and observations serve as research tools and these are processed through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis is organizing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. This study was conducted in a kindergarten school. The school was chosen because the researcher is one of the school's teachers, thus facilitating the research process. This study is field research, so the information reviewed in this article is data that occurred at the research location. The results of this study indicate that the process of planning differentiated learning through play activities in early childhood has been carried out following the rules of learning planning in Early Childhood Education Programs (ECEP). Implementing differentiated learning through play activities in early childhood follows the principles of child development. Differentiated learning through play activities in early childhood has succeeded in optimizing aspects of children's cognitive, affective, and psychomotor development. It is proven from the results of the evaluation reports given by the school to the parents of students showing that the aspects of student development have developed well. This is also reinforced by reports from parents of students that there is a significant improvement in the development of children at home. The assessment is carried out by the teacher using instruments prepared by the school.
Hubungan Sertifikasi Kepuasan Kerja dan Pembinaan Profesionalisme dengan Manajemen Kinerja Guru BK SMP di Kecamatan Kelua Pugaan dan Banua Lawas
Authors:   Universitas Islam Kalimantan Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjari Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Selatan, Yudiyawaties Noor Dewi , Anwar Kasypul ,   Universitas Islam Kalimantan Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjari Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Selatan, Yuliansyah Muhammad ,   Universitas Islam Kalimantan Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjari Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Selatan, Jarkawi Jarkawi ,   Universitas Islam Kalimantan Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjari Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Selatan
Published: December 2022

Abstract: Purpose: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan (1) Sertifikasi Guru BK dengan manajemen kinerja di Lingkungan SMP Kecamatan Kelua, Pugaan dan Banua Lawas, (2) Hubungan kepuasan kerja Guru BK terhadap manajemen kinerja di Lingkungan SMP Kecamatan Kelua, Pugaan dan Banua Lawas, (3) Hubungan Profesionalisme Guru BK dengan manajemen kinerja di Lingkungan SMP Kecamatan Kelua, Pugaan dan Banua Lawas, dan (4) hubungan secara bersama Sertifikasi guru, Kepuasan kerja dan Pembinaan Profesionalisme berhubungan signifikan terhadap Manajemen Kinerja Guru BK SMP di Kecamatan Kelua, Pugaan dan Banua Lawas. Methodology: Penelitian ini merupakan Kuantitatif. Penelitian ini bermaksud mendeskripsikan dan mencari hubungan dari sejumlah variabel penelitian yang ada. Pada penelitian ini populasinya adalah 11 guru PNS di 10 SMP Di Kecamatan Kelua Pugaan Dan Banua Lawas pada tahun 2022. Sampel diambil dengan teknik Total Sampling dengan N (populasi) 11 orang, sehingga didapat S (sampel) ialah 11 orang. Peneliti menggunakan skala Likert untuk teknik pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner. Peneliti menggunakan uji validitas dan reliabilitas untuk pengujian instrumen dan uji normalitas. Analisis data pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan analisis statistic deskriptif dan statistic regre4si linier sederhana. Results: Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Terdapat pengaruh parsial variabel sertifikasi (X1) terhadap Manajemen Kinerja Guru Bimbingan Konseling, hal ini dibuktikan dengn nilai signifikan lebih besar dari taraf signifikan (0,018 < 0,05) . (2) Terdapat pengaruh parsial variabel Kepuasan kerja (X2) terhadap Manajemen Kinerja Guru Bimbingan Konseling, hal ini dibuktikan dengn nilai signifikan lebih besar dari taraf signifikan (0,009 < 0,05) (3) Terdapat pengaruh parsial Pembinaan Profesionalisme (X3) terhadap Manajemen Kinerja Guru Bimbingan Konseling, hal ini dibuktikan dengn nilai signifikan lebih kecil dari taraf signifikan (0,001< 0,05) (4) Terdapat pengaruh simultan (bersama-sama) antara sertifikasi, Kepuasan kerja dan pembinaan profesionalisme terhadap Manajemen Kinerja Guru Bimbingan Konseling, hal ini dibuktikan dengn nilai signifikan lebih kecil dari taraf signifikan (0,004<0,05). Keywords: 1. Sertifikasi 2. Kepuasan kerja 3. Pembinaan Profesionalisme 4. Manajemen Kinerja Guru
Fishing, stock dynamics and basic biological indicators of spawning Okhotsk herring at the present stage
Authors: Panfilov А. М. , Smirnov A. A.
Published: December 2022

Based on the MagadanNIRO materials for 1957–2021, the dynamics of the stock and fishery of the Okhotsk herring are considered. The dynamics of the main biological indicators of spawning Okhotsk herring in 2001–2021 is analyze. It is shown that after the end of the recovery and stabilization period, the stock of Okhotsk herring is at a high level with a tendency to increase. Biological indicators of producers of Okhotsk herring increased in 2011–2021.
Increasing the efficiency of aquaculture production through the development of information and digital technologies
Authors: Betin O. I. , Truba A. S. , Cherdantsev V. P. , Tronina M. V.
Published: December 2022

Every year, the world’s reserves of aquatic biological resources are depleted, so the breeding and cultivation of fish, shrimp and shellfish becomes a reliable way to provide the population with enough fish and seafood. Recently, aquaculture has faced serious problems, including limited species diversity, labor intensity of technological processes, environmental pollution, fish diseases and others. For its reproduction, the latest technologies are needed to increase the production of products and the efficiency of business processes. The latest technologies, including artificial intelligence, aquaculture recycling systems, alternative proteins and oils to replace fish meal and fish oil, blockchain for marketing and the Internet of Things can be a solution for sustainable and profitable development of aquaculture. The article provides an overview of some of the latest technologies, and also discusses the possibilities of integrating these technologies into aquaculture for the breakthrough development of the industry.