bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Halal Industry Recovery of Creative Halal Industry Business After Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Abustani Ilyas  , Ade Darmawan  , Syarifuddin
Published: June 2024

This research identifies gaps in understanding halal business adaptation strategies amid the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in the MSME sector, focusing on case studies of Yotta and Browcyl in Makassar. This study aims to explore the development of the two products' halal businesses after the pandemic, the strategies they implemented, and the application of Sharia principles in their operations. The method used is field research with a qualitative descriptive approach through interviews and thematic analysis. The results showed that Yotta and Browcyl survived and thrived through digital transformation and halal certification despite facing significant challenges such as declining production and sales. However, this study has weaknesses in the generalizability of the findings and the lack of investigation of the long-term economic impact of the strategies adopted. For future development, it is recommended that the scope of the study be expanded by including more cases from different segments of the halal creative business industry and analyzing government policies that affect the industry. Future research is expected to provide comprehensive guidance for industry players to formulate effective strategies to face future challenges and capitalize on growth opportunities.
Indonesian Coffee Exports in The Global Market and The Variables That Affect Them
Authors: Rahman Rizky Mulia , Ridwan Mochamad , Hadistyana Mutiarahmi
Published: June 2024

The aim of this research is to analyse the situation of Indonesian coffee exports in the short and long term and the reasons why Indonesian coffee exports are able to compete in the global market. The data used in this research is secondary data in the form of numerical data with time series data type over a period of 72 months (January 2016 - December 2021). The analytical method used is the Error Correction Model (ECM) using the dependent variable the volume of Indonesian coffee exports and the independent variables, namely coffee production, exchange rate, inflation, international coffee prices and substitute prices. The research results show that there are no variables that significantly influence Indonesian coffee export volumes in the short term. In the long term, only coffee production has a significant positive effect, and the exchange rate has a significant negative effect, while the other variables have no significant effect. There are several reasons for the demand for coffee exported from Indonesia, namely the type, taste quality, aroma and uniqueness of the coffee produced in Indonesia.
Shariah Compliance, Customer Relationship Marketing, and Loyalty in Islamic Banking: The Role of Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Nuriatullah  , Ahmed Ishfaq , Rusanti Ega
Published: June 2024

This research examines and determines the Influence of Shariah Compliance and Customer Relationship Marketing on Customer Loyalty in Islamic Banks, with Customer Satisfaction as a Moderating Variable. The research population consists of BSI Palu customers. Using a quantitative approach. Research data was collected through questionnaires and analyzed using SmartPLS Version 4. The sampling method was purposive sampling, with 100 selected respondents. The research findings indicate that Shariah Compliance has a significant positive relationship with Customer Loyalty, Customer Relationship Marketing has a significant positive relationship with Customer Loyalty, and Customer Satisfaction has a significant positive relationship with Customer Loyalty. However, Customer Satisfaction does not moderate the relationship between Shariah Compliance and customer loyalty, and Customer Satisfaction significantly weakens the relationship between Customer Relationship Marketing and customer loyalty.
Maqāṣid Sharīah Paradigm in Wealth Preservation and Regional Stability Through Local Currency Protection within ASEAN
Authors: Fikri Ikhwan , Subroto Muhammad Al Kautsar
Published: June 2024

The use of Local Currency Settlement (LCS) which was decided at the conclusion of the 42nd Asean Summit in Labuan Bajo is a policy that will facilitate trade transactions between Asean countries and can increase the use of each country's local currency and reduce dependence on the US dollar. The purpose of this study is to find out and describe why Indonesia encourages ASEAN countries to use the LCS in the region and to analyze the results of the 42nd Asean Summit in the perspective of maqāṣid sharīah through the concept of hifẓ al-māl (wealth preservation). The design used in this study is a literature review and field research. A literature review study is a method applied to collect data or sources related to a particular topic which can be obtained from various sources such as journals, books, the internet and other literature. While field research by adding interviews with Islamic economists or academics or religious and government leaders. The results of this study indicate that Local Currency Settlement (LCS) agreements can realize economic independence and stability in the ASEAN region through the ease and efficiency of settlement of transactions carried out bilaterally and regionally by using each country's local currency and increasing trade, investment, and other transactions between Asean Countries. The agreement in the LCS policy is in line with the basic principles of maqāṣid sharīah through hifẓ al-māl which also implements the qiyām or qawām system (balance within self, family and society) in protecting wealth so as to achieve independence and economic stability in a broader scope both nation, state, region and globally.
Exploring the Verdict of Interfaith Marriage under Maqāṣid Sharīa Insights
Authors: Bukido Rosdalina , Ishak A. Zainal Azhar
Published: June 2024

The diverse society of Indonesia permits interfaith marriage but the challenge lies in the legal recognition under Islamic law. The primary issue pertains to the legal aspects and the jurisprudence from the perspective of Maqāṣid Sharīa. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the legal objectives of interfaith marriage as well as the execution and status of the concept from the perspective of Maqāṣid Sharīa. A thorough examination of literature from primary, secondary, and tertiary sources is carried out, including legislation, court judgments, books, journals, and other relevant materials. Meanwhile, the analysis is performed using a juridical, syar'i, and philosophical perspective. The results show that the judge approved the application for the legality of interfaith marriage, citing Law Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage, Human Rights, and Law Number 23 of 2006 on Population Administration. Similarly, when considering Maqāṣid Sharīa, marriage between individuals of different religions is not allowed, particularly in matters of Aqidah and Iman. This prohibition upholds the objectives of Islamic marriage law since the values obtained from the religion are not easily reconciled in the unions. According to the principles of Maqāṣid Sharīa, interfaith marriage should be avoided due to potential harm.
Legal Perspectives on Passampo Siri’ Marriage and Determination of Biological Father's Status in Sidenreng Rappang Regency
Authors: Basri Rusdaya , Muzakkir  , Fikri  , L Sudirman , Aris
Published: June 2024

The controversy of passampo siri’ marriage in Bugis society and the determination of biological father from the perspectives of religious and traditional figures are discussed in Sidenreng Rappang Regency. Therefore, this research aims to understand the legal determination of passampo siri’ marriage and the establishment of biological father's status for child. Descriptive qualitative research uses primary data sources from community leaders, as well as traditional and religious figures through interviews and observations with an empirical sociological method. The results show that the reality of passampo siri’ in Sidenreng Rappang Regency is an alternative selected by parents for unmarried pregnant daughters disapproved of marrying the man responsible for preserving the family reputation. There is a divergence of opinions (ikhtilāf) among religious and traditional figures regarding the legal status of passampo siri’. Even though most informants agree that passampo siri’ is forbidden (harm) and invalid, some believe the concept is permissible and valid. The determination of child’s status does not differ according to the perspectives of religious and traditional figures in Sidenreng Rappang Regency. These groups assert that child born is not attributed to biological father.
Psychological or Theological Dynamics of Students who Wear Cadar at Islamic Universities in Indonesia
Authors: Mayyadah  , Jusmiati  , Husain Muhammad Zakin bin
Published: June 2024

Cadar is a type of veil worn by some Muslim women that covers the face, leaving only the eyes visible. Several studies have been carried out with the primary aim of exploring the use of this veil in Islamic colleges. These explorations identified several significant elements contributing to the usage of cadar, including psychological and ideological issues, both of which have not been thoroughly examined. Therefore, the present study aims to fill these gaps through the use of the reality of fiqh and psychological techniques. To achieve the stated objective, data were collected from 22 UIN Datokarama high school graduates who were assigned to participate in lifts, interviews, and focus group discussions (FGDs). The obtained results showed that three factors namely, the need for stability, the possibility of personal development, and the propensity to emulate an adored figure, served as psychologically motivating factors to students. Furthermore, the reality of fiqh was observed to suggest that the use of cadar is not necessarily accompanied by a strong religious understanding of its significance. This fact reinforces previous results that the adoption of cadar in Islamic colleges is more psychological than theological. Within the context of the present study, new facts emphasizing psychological and theological fragility among university students were uncovered and stakeholders are expected to address these facts when dealing with the phenomenon at Islamic universities.
Discrimination of Students in Specific Need: Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Calista Wina , Qiftiyah Maratul
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to describe acts of discrimination that occur between regular students and students with special needs in inclusive schools. This type of research is qualitative research with a case study approach. The subjects in this study were students with special needs in grade IV with the initials AN who had been diagnosed with cerebral palsy. The study was conducted at Giwangan Public Elementary School in Yogyakarta. Data collection techniques used in this study were interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the forms of discrimination between regular students and students with special needs with cerebral palsy disorders in inclusive schools were ridicule, rejection, and physical contact. As a result, students with special needs withdraw from the social environment at school. Inclusive schools as child-friendly schools can certainly eliminate discriminatory attitudes in schools. The existence of acts of discrimination that still occur in inclusive schools means that schools have not been able to accommodate all students.
Prosocial Behavior of Elementary School Students and Factors That Affect Them
Authors: Nonitasari Ipon
Published: June 2024

This research has the aim of knowing the form of prosocial behavior of students and the factors that influence the prosocial behavior of elementary school students. This research uses a qualitative approach with case study methods. Participants or objects of this study are grade IV students and teachers (class guardians). Data collection techniques use observation, interviews, and documentation. Analyze the data in this study with data reduction, data presentation, and conclude. The validity of the data in this study uses triangulation. The results of this study show that the prosocial behavior that appears in class IV students in elementary school includes honesty, helping, sharing, generosity, and cooperating. The form of prosocial behavior in each student differs from factors such as 1) the stage of child development which includes physical skills, knowledge insights (cognitive), emotional and moral social 2) learning strategies used by teachers such as guidance and motivation, giving direct commands, providing examples of prosocial behavior in each school activity, through fairy tales or reading stories, songs or videos, and role-playing activities, and 3) environmental factors include the family environment, peer interaction, education system, and school culture.
Magnetic Decoupling: Basis to Form New Electrical Machines
Authors: Rao Yalla Tirumala , Chakraborty Chandan
Published: June 2024

Magnetic decoupling principle when applied to electrical machines states that if two windings are configured for different number of pole pairs, they would not interact with each other magnetically even though they share a common magnetic core. This principle forms the basis for developing special machines where two or more machines can be integrated with the same magnetic circuit. This paper deals with formulating the mathematical analysis that determines the validity of this principle during practical conditions (i.e. non-sinusoidal winding distribution, flux saturation, etc.). Extensive Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation results from the Ansys Maxwell-2D software platform closely obey the conclusions derived from the mathematical analysis. As an example, new brushless and magnetless synchronous machines (SMs) have been developed by using this principle. It is designed by embedding an induction machine (IM) with a SM. Experimental investigations conducted on the laboratory prototype support the mathematical analysis dealt with in this paper.
Dinamika Kesejahteraan Psikologis pada Perempuan Dewasa Awal yang Mengalami Kekerasan Emosional dalam Hubungan Pacaran
Authors: Yunanto Taufik Akbar Rizqi , Kenward Bryan
Published: June 2024

Fenomena kekerasan emosional dalam hubungan pacaran sering dianggap biasa tetapi dapat berdampak merusak pada harga diri individu. Perempuan dewasa awal, dalam mencari arti hidup dan membentuk relasi romantis, rentan terhadap kekerasan emosional.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami lebih dalam mengenai gambaran serta dinamika kesejahteraan psikologis pada dewasa awal terutama pada perempuan yang mengalami kekerasan emosional dalam hubungan pacaran. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis interpretatif. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis tematik. Kriteria yang telah ditetapkan oleh peneliti dalam penelitian ini yakni perempuan yang berada pada tahapan dewasa awal (18-40 tahun) yang pernah mengalami kekerasan emosional dalam hubungan pacaran dengan jumlah partisipan yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah dua orang. Pada hasil analisis ditemukan bahwa kekerasan emosional mengakibatkan kesejahteraan psikologis yang dimiliki kedua partisipan menjadi terganggu. Rendahnya tingkat kesejahteraan psikologi yang dimiliki partisipan saat mengalami kekerasan emosional membuat sulit keluar dari lingkaran kekerasan emosional dalam hubungan pacaran tersebut.
Adaptasi Indonesia Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale
Authors: Sumaryati Indri Utami , Sirodj Dwi Agustin Nuriani , Gadama Melsan
Published: June 2024

Penelitian mengenai adiksi perilaku menjadi penting dikarenakan banyak perilaku perilaku yang mengarah kepada adiksi yang memerlukan dukungan empirik. Maka pengukuran terhadap adiksi perilaku menjadi diperlukan. Media sosial adalah salah satu jenis aktivitas online yang yang popular sekitar 10 tahun yang lalu. Oleh karena itu banyak penelitian mulai dilakukan terkait aktivitas facebook, instagram dan lain lain. Banyak data empirik yang menunjukkan bahwa banyak orang menggunakan paltform sosial media secara berlebihan dan mengarah kepada adiksi. Oleh karena itu proses adaptasi alat ukur menjadi penting. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan proses adaptasi alat ukur Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS). Dilakukan tahapan adaptasi yang mengacu pada langkah-langkah yang diatur dalam International Test (ITC). Dilakukan proses uji coba terhadap 483 sampel dengan menggunakan multistage sampling. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Confirmatory Factor Analysis, dengan hasil nilai CR (0.91) > 0,70 serta keseluruhan  nilai VE (0.65) > 0,50, artinya bahwa model pengukuran modifikasi memiliki konsistensi internal (reliable) dan nilai p-value, RMSEA, CFI, GFI, dan AGFI telah memenuhi kriteria yang ditetapkan sehingga menandakan model fit.
Kata kunci : Adiksi, Adaptasi pengukuran, CFA, Media sosial.
Perilaku Kerja Inovatif Karyawan Gen Z: Perbandingan pada Perusahaan yang menerapkan Pengaturan Kerja Fleksibel dengan yang menerapkan WFO
Authors: Widiaristi Monica Sekar , Arum Etikariena
Published: June 2024

Gen Z yang memasuki dunia kerja dituntut untuk memiliki perilaku kerja inovatif agar meningkatkan daya saing perusahaan. Meski menjadi sebuah tuntutan, perilaku kerja inovatif individu tidak terlepas dari pengaruh organisasi. Salah satu kebijakan organisasi yang berperan dalam meningkatkan perilaku kerja inovatif dan sesuai dengan karakteristik Gen Z adalah pengaturan kerja fleksibel. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti ingin melihat hubungan antara pengaturan kerja fleksibel dan perilaku kerja inovatif pada kelompok karyawan Gen Z yang menjalankan pengaturan kerja yang fleksibel (WFA dan hybrid). Peneliti juga ingin melihat perbedaan perilaku kerja inovatif antara karyawan Gen Z yang bekerja secara fleksibel dengan yang bekerja dari kantor. Partisipan merupakan 217 orang berusia 18-28 tahun, sedang bekerja secara WFO/WFA/hybrid, dan berdomisili di Indonesia. Variabel perilaku kerja inovatif diukur menggunakan Skala Perilaku Inovatif dan variabel pengaturan kerja fleksibel diukur menggunakan Flexible Work Options Questionnaire (FWOQ). Hasil analisis dengan bootstrap (N = 1000) menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan kerja fleksibel dapat memprediksi perilaku kerja inovatif secara positif dan signifikan (???? = 0.23, p = 0.02).  Pengaturan kerja fleksibel dapat menjelaskan 5.7% varians dari perilaku kerja inovatif. Hasil analisis juga menunjukkan perbedaan perilaku kerja inovatif antara karyawan Gen Z yang bekerja secara fleksibel (M = 38.58, SD = 7.84) dan karyawan Gen Z yang bekerja dari kantor (M = 33.85, SD = 9.60), signifikan secara statistik, t(215) = 3.88, p = 0.00. Penelitian ini menyarankan perusahaan untuk mulai menerapkan lebih banyak pengaturan kerja fleksibel agar karyawan merasa nyaman dan termotivasi untuk memberikan ide yang inovatif.
Predicting Santri Engagement by Attachment to Caregiver
Authors: Ridho Ali
Published: June 2024

This study explores the predictive relationship between santri (students in Islamic boarding schools, pesantren) engagement and their attachment to caregivers. Drawing upon a sample of 99 santris (65 males and 34 females) from a boarding school for students aged 10 to 20 years (M = 15.75, SD = 2.16), this research employs convenience sampling and sophisticated questionnaire analysis. Applying the graded response model (GRM) for calibration, the study precisely estimated the santris' scale scores of engagement and attachment, which were subsequently analyzed through regression to examine the predictive capacity of attachment to caregiver on student engagement. Results indicated a significant relationship (b = 0.43, p < 0.01), emphasizing the importance of attachment to caregivers in predicting santri engagement within the pesantren context. The application of GRM enhanced the precision of scaling attachment and engagement. It bolstered the regression analysis's validity, confirming the hypothesis that caregiver attachment can reliably predict student engagement in boarding school settings.
Kepuasan Hidup Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama: Peran dari Kecenderungan Depresi dan Hubungannya dengan Prestasi Akademik
Authors: Diana Permata Sari  , Winda Valentia Magdalena , Dinda Dewi Dewani Chatarina
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah kecenderungan depresi memiliki peran dalam hubungan antara prestasi akademik dan kepuasan hidup pada mahasiswa tahun pertama. Hipotesis penelitian adalah kecenderungan depresi berperan dalam hubungan antara kepuasan akademik dan kepuasan hidup pada mahasiswa tahun pertama. Penelitian terdiri dari 176 responden, 142 perempuan dan 24 laki-laki dengan rentang usia 17- 25 tahun (Musia = 18.07; SD = 1.04) dan berstatus sebagai mahasiswa aktif semester dua fakultas Psikologi Universitas Sanata Dharma. Alat ukur penelitian terdiri dari Indeks Prestasi Semester (IPS) dari responden pada semester pertama perkuliahan, yang didapat dari basis data Fakultas. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) untuk mengukur depresi yang disusun oleh Kroenke, dkk. (2001) yang kemudian disusun dalam versi Indonesia oleh Dian, dkk. (2022). The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), yang telah diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Indonesia. Skala ini awalnya dibuat oleh Diener, dkk. (1985) dan kemudian ditinjau ulang oleh Pavot dan Diener (1993). Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) digunakan dalam analisis data penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecenderungan depresi adalah mediator yang signifikan dalam hubungan antara prestasi akademik dan kepuasan hidup.
Collaborative Advanced Trauma Care (CATC): Evaluation of a trauma education program developed in Pakistan in an Ethiopian context
Authors: Yaffee Anna , Khatri Adeel , Mukhtar Sama , Russell Emily , Ali Saima
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Trauma globally represents an overwhelming burden of morbidity and mortality. Effective management with trauma teams has proven to reduce time to resuscitation and definitive care. Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) is a tertiary care hospital in Ethiopia, where we implemented Collaborative Advanced Trauma Care (CATC), a collaborative, multidisciplinary trauma team training program for emergency medicine (EM) physicians, surgeons, and nurses, developed in Pakistan.
Methods:
CATC at TASH included virtual lectures, in person skills and simulation practice. Participants assessment included trauma knowledge post-test, and standardized leadership and teamwork assessment. Participants completed a knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) survey and post-course evaluation. Results were evaluated with descriptive statistics and common themes.
Results:
140 participants were trained in CATC (83 physicians, 57 nurses). Nurses increased scores on average by 17%. Physician scores were not significantly changed. Leadership and teamwork assessment scores improved by 22% over a 24-hour period. On KAP survey, participants universally came in with positive thinking towards trauma teams, rating the importance of these themes on a 5-point scale as 4.9, 4.96, and 4.8 respectively. The post-course positive thinking was maintained, with new rankings as 4.92, 4.96, and 5. On evaluation of participant exit feedback, a few central themes stood out including importance of team building and simulation, and confidence in trauma care. Common areas for improvement included more time with a relaxed schedule.
Discussion:
Nursing trauma knowledge development speaks to the importance of further bedside provider training in trauma care. The improvement in physician experience came in the form of leadership and teamwork, where throughout the course improved in all assessed areas. These findings are similarly reflective of evaluation scores of CATC in Pakistan. This demonstrates that CATC can be expanded in settings that share similar medical education and emergency department structure. One unexpected benefit of this course as the opportunity for trilateral partnership and experience sharing.
Conclusions:
These courses represent the first efforts to establish a team-based, systematic approach to trauma patient care in Ethiopia. The outcomes were consistent with CATC courses in Pakistan. We hope that this represents ongoing partnership to improve team-based trauma care across borders.
The Obstacles that Face Emergency Medical Services System when Dealing with Critical Care Cases in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsharif Ahmed , Mahdi Mahdi , Alghamdi Ibrahim , Alsulami Adnan , Almutairi Areej , Alkhathami Mansour , Jan Taimour
Published: June 2024

Introduction
The Emergency Medical Services system is the first system that responds to people who need immediate emergency care. In prehospital, EMS workers deal with various cases. This study focuses on the challenges and weaknesses of the EMS system in dealing with life- threatening critical issues to identify and compare the obstacles that affect the outcomes of the EMS system when exposed to critical care cases by measuring these aspects: patient care, workforce, policy, education, and equipment.
Methodology
In this research, the sampling technique was Random sampling technique. The study area is the Saudi Red Crescent Authority in Saudi Arabia. The inclusion criteria include field paramedics and EMTs in the Saudi Red Crescent Authority. The sample size is 385.
The researchers gathered data by using an online questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS Inc. Categorical data were presented as frequencies and percentages.
Results
In total of 674, the results were that most of the respondents fell within the 31–40 age range (61.4%). The majority of respondents were EMTs (83.7%). The study revealed that 80.0% of respondents responded to over 20 critical cases. The majority of females were in the central area. Paramedic specialists were more likely to work in the western area in critical cases. 69.1% believing four members were satisfactory. The older respondents had the highest proportion (54.5%) of those who believed that two squad members were enough to handle one critical case. Additionally, 80.7% reported shortages of tools or drugs, with drugs being the most commonly missing material (45.7%).
77.5% agree to change the policy to enhance their dealings with critical cases.
The study found the participants agreed that they need more practice to deal with critical cases, with a percentage of 62.2%. Also, 74.3% believe the curriculum needs adjustment. Finally, to improve patient outcomes, the Saudi EMS system requires updated protocols, further training sessions, and better workforce distribution. A multifaceted strategy is required to address these issues, including better resource management, gender diversity, and the balance of regional resources.
Oxidative Desulfurization of Model Fuel by Non-Thermal Plasma Technology
Authors: Abdulla Noor M. , Hussien Hussien Q. , Jalil Rana R.
Published: June 2024

The Non-thermal plasma has a wide range of applications in different areas. In this study, the oxidation of a model fuel containing organo-sulfur compounds (benzothiophene and dibenzothiophene) was investigated using plasma. The process involved ozone generation through dielectric barrier discharge, followed by extraction using acetonitrile. The results demonstrated the efficient oxidation and removal of dibenzothiophene and benzothiophene by non-thermal plasma. The desulfurization efficiency reached 93.78% under the optimum conditions, including a voltage of 11Kv, temperature of 50ºC, duration of 4 hours, and a flow rate of 75 ml/min.
Morphometric Measurements of the Euphrates Soft-shelled Turtle, Rafetus euphraticus,, in the Central Marshes, Iraq
Authors: Taher Samer A. , Abdulhay Hind S.
Published: June 2024

The Euphrates soft-shell turtle Rafetus euphraticus is classified as endangered on the IUCN Red List and is thought to have recently undergone large population declines. Species information in Iraq is limited to a few rapid surveys with little detailed information on its breeding and distribution. Turtles have been recorded inside the water by setting nets in certain areas in the Central Marshes. Morphometric measurements were recorded in Euphrates soft-shelled turtles Rafetus euphraticus, sampled in the Central Marshes. According to nine morphometric ratios, the populations of R. euphraticus in the Central Marshes are smaller in size than previous specimens that have been recorded in neighboring countries. The carapaces length (CL) rang for current study was 70 to 560 mm, whereas it was 187 to 680 mm according to a previous study. The carapaces width (CW) rang for the current study was 63 to 420 mm, while in a previous study it was recorded to be 152 to 465 mm.
The Association of DAZ1 Gene Deletion with Azoospermia in Iraqi InfertileMen
Authors: Ahmed Ameen Haider , Altaee Maha Fakhry
Published: June 2024

A disease of the reproductive system known as infertility is characterized by a clinical pregnancy that cannot be obtained after twelve months or longer of unprotected, ordered sexual copulation. Infertility disorder has impacted the reproductive system when a clinical pregnancy cannot be obtained after twelve months or more of unprotected, ordered sexual interaction. The followinginvestigation was conducted to examine the gene expression levels in Iraqi patients with azoospermia, 150 human blood samples were collected from different regions in Baghdad governorate include (private medicals Labs and the high institute for infertility diagnosis assisted reproductive techniques and Kamal Al- Samara'ay IVF Hospital). The control group consists of 50 sample males with a range of 22-51 years old, while the patient (infertile group) consists of 100 sample males with ages ranging between 25-51 years old, the variations in this gene's expression between patients and healthy controls were taken into consideration. The age correlation for azoospermia patient’s occurrence compared with controls was studied after subdividing them into subgroups and between patients and controls, there were no discernible differences in terms of age for any of the study groups. The average level of gene expression decreased significantly in this study, according to the findings (ΔCt) of DAZ1 in patient groups compared to the corresponding ΔCt means in the control group (0.12±0.91 vs. 1.45±0.25), also the folding of expression 2-ΔCt of DAZ1 gene in azoospermia groups, reached to (0.39±0.21), which indicating upregulation of this gene in infertile Iraqi men.
Delineation of a subsurface stratigraphic setting using 2D seismic data in Buzurgan and Abu Gharp oil fields, south Iraq
Authors: Al-Khafaji Ranya H.A. , Al-Samarrai Thair T. , Fadhel Mohammed S.
Published: June 2024

This study focused on determining the stratigraphic phenomena of the sequences of the Kirkuk group, within the Tertiary age, in the study area at the Buzurgan oil field within the Maysan governorate. In addition to various seismic lines from the completed seismic survey of the study region, data from the Buzurgan oil field wells was utilized. The stratigraphic interpretation results showed that the seismic sections of the Kirkuk Group formations are deposited in the form of a sigmoid configuration through the continuous deposition of shallow-shelf carbonates. Periodic rises in sea level led to episodes of deeper-water sedimentation, including shelf and shelf margin facies. Clastic (sandstone) was deposited as the sea receded from the Ghar formation, which represents the alluvial fan in the outer-shelf basin (slop and basin fan), through periods of sea-level (LST) and in a shallow-marine environment, leading to an overlap between sediments and the presence of sand lenses, onlap, and down lap. The current study shows the phase change in reflectors and perfect hydrocarbon indexes. The study detected a stratigraphic trap in the formation's eastern part and a large lens in the Southeast parts of the study area.
The Parameters Discharge, Salinity and Dissolved loads of Tigris River from Mosul to Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: Oleiwi Alyaa Shakir , Al-Dabbas Moutaz
Published: June 2024

The Tigris River is the most significant source of water in Iraq. Iraq has been through periods of drought due to climate change and numerous water infrastructure projects that were carried out in the Tigris Basin of Turkey. Four sites have been selected for environmental pollution evaluation, the impact of climate change on the hydrochemistry of the Tigris River, and an estimate of the relationship between dissolved loadings and discharges (m3/s). Data includes Tigris River discharge and hydrochemical analysis: major ions such as (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, SO4, and HCO3), minor ions (NO3 and PO4), trace elements, and biological parameters (BOD5, C.O.D., E-Coli Bacteria, Fecal Coliform Bacteria) as indicators of contamination allowing the identification of sources of pollution. The Tigris River is within the allowable drinking limits, except in the Tharthar-Tigris Canal, and the most ions that have an impact on the Tigris River's water quality are total dissolved solids, E. coli Bacteria, Fecal Coliform Bacteria, BOD5, and C.O.D. Total ionic salinity (meq/l) was less than 20 in the Mosul and Sammara sites, 20 in the Tharthar-Tigris Canal, and between 20 and 40 in the Baghdad site. By applying for the SPSS program, two factors were identified. The first factor represents 84.03 % indicates (natural factor) represented by the weathering of rocky components of the river. The second factor represented 11.33% (Anthropogenic factor), represented by agricultural wastewater, waste and sewage water thrown directly into the river.
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of New Ethers, 1,3-Diazetidene-4-One and Thiazolidine-4-one Derivatives Containing Imidazobenzothiazole
Authors: Alamery Zeena
Published: June 2024

The synthesis of novel thiazolidinones 6-8A, diazetidenes 9-11A, and ethers 13-18A was described using 2-aminobenzathiazole and 4-bromophenacyl bromide as starting materials. The reaction of 2-aminobenzathiazole with 4-bromophenacyl bromide afforded the product A1 in 80% yield. Position 5 at the product A1 5-(4-bromophenyl)imidazo(2,1-b)benzothiazole used to form carbaldehyede group A2 under Vilsmeier-Huck conditions. Schiff bases 3-5A were then produced via condensation of A1 various aromatic amines. The products 3-5A were reacted with naphthyl isocyanate and thioacetic acid to give the compounds 6-8A (77-90% yields) and 9-11A (92-97% yields), respectively. The product 2A was reduced with NaBH4 to provide the corresponding alcohol 12A in an excellent yield (97%). This was followed by the reaction with aryl halides via the Williamson reaction to afford the desired ethers 13-18A in yields ranging from 50 to 96%. All of the prepared compounds were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, and some of them were characterized by 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. A few products were evaluated for their antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities.
Microfacies Characterization of Calcareous Crusts and Pleistocene Moghrebian Strata in the Coastal Basin of Tarfaya (Morocco): Paleoclimatic and Paleoenvironmental Implications
Authors: Jira Fatima , Lakhouili Abdallah
Published: June 2024

Outcrops of detrital sediments dating from the Moghrebian are found in the coastal basin of Tarfaya in southwestern Morocco. These sediments are still little studied and spectacularly extended and surmounted by a hard crust. Our study will focus on three objectives (1) to characterize the microfacies of Moghrebian sediments and to identify their diagenetic evolution, (2) to reconstruct the modalities of development of superficial crusts, and (3) to elucidate the origin of calcium carbonate in these sediments. The results show that the Moghrebian strata have alternating conglomerate beds, lumachel, sandstone, calcarenite, and a well-developed calcareous crust on the surface. The diagenetic evolution of these facies is very early and is characterized by corrosion and isovolumetric epigenesis of quartz by calcite, particularly in the superficial crust. Clay minerals of detrital origin characterize the fine fraction of these sediments. The oversaturation of the environment with calcium carbonate prompted the development of a crust where fibrous clays are newly formed, which reflects the development of climatic conditions with alternating dry and wet seasons in the basin during the post-Moghrebian period.
Instability Analysis Study of the Jeffrey Nanofluid Flow through a Brinkman-Darcy Porous Medium
Authors: Devi Promila , Rana Gian C. , Sharma Sita Ram , Kumar Sanjeev
Published: June 2024

The analysis of thermal instability in a Brinkman-Darcy Jeffrey nanofluid flow through a porous medium is studied in this paper.  The nanoparticles are immersed in the Jeffrey fluid so that the thermal conductivity of the system is maintained and high medium porosity is to be undertaken. Under the impact of the Jeffrey, nanoparticles and Brinkman-Darcy parameters, the momentum-balance equations of fluid flow are mutated. The dispersion relation for the Rayleigh number is derived by employing the normal mode analysis method and linear stability theory in terms of different parameters affecting the stability of the system.  It is noticed that the Darcy-Brinkman number advances the convection while the Jeffrey parameter postpones the convection in a stationary mode. To verify the results numerically, graphs have been plotted by using Origin 6.1 software. Further, for the top-heavy nanoparticles distribution, oscillatory convection does not exist.
Analyze a Temperature and MHD Peristaltic Flow of Jeffrey Fluid through a Porous Wavechannel in a Rotating Frame
Authors: Al-Khafajy Dheia G. Salih , Al-Kelabiy Anaam Mahdi Abbas
Published: June 2024

The aim of this paper is to analyse the temperature and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) peristaltic flow of Jeffrey fluid through a porous wave channel under the influence of rotation. The study is in Cartesian coordinates, the system of equations governing this issue is nonlinear and non-homogeneous partial differential. For the purpose of solving this system, we assumed a short wavelength and a very low Reynolds number due to the flow channel structure. After obtaining the system solution, we used the Mathematica 13 program to analyse the results through graphs. It observed that the rotation,  magnetic field, viscosity and density of the fluid have an effective effect on the fluid movement and its temperature.
Convergence of Forked Sequence to a Fixed Point in Modular Function Spaces
Authors: Salman Bareq Baqi , Abed Salwa Salman
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we present a five-step iterative scheme, at the beginning, it seems complicated and difficult to implement, but in fact it’s not. This scheme is constructed for - firmly nonexpansive mappings in modular function spaces. Two different -convergences result has been proved for double schemes under consideration. In our study there is a comparison between these cases through answering the question "which one is faster?” Finally, numerical examples are given by using MATLAB software program.
The Association of Gluten-Free Diet and Liver Function in Iraqi Patientswith Celiac Disease
Authors: Mohammed Zahraa Amer , Kadhim Nada A.
Published: June 2024

Measurement of anti-TTG, liver manifestation, and BMI in Iraqi patients with celiac disease (CD) with and without a gluten-free diet (GFD) in order to validate their role in the exacerbation of CD symptoms. The study was carried out on CD patients with a duration of disease ranging from 1 to 10 years (n = 52, age range: 20-55(. The patients’ group was subdivided into the PI group (n = 29), which includes patients with GFD, and the PII group (n = 23), which includes patients without GFD. The studied groups were matched with 51 healthy individuals as the control group (C) (age range: 20-55). The results obtained from the present study indicate a highly significant increase (P = 0.000) in serum anti-TTG in the PI and PII groups as compared with the C group. BMI values showed a highly significant decrease (P = 0.007) in the PI and PII groups as compared with the C group. The activity of GGT, ALT, AST, and GOT/GPT ratio showed no significant difference in the P, PI, and PII groups as compared with the C group, while a highly significant increase inGGT was noticed upon the comparison of PI with PII (P = 0.004). It was concluded from the current study that high levels of TTG are associated with CD patients regardless of adherence to the GFD or not, while the high activity of GGT is associated with long-term adherence to the GFD.
Efficient Computational Methods for Solving the One-Dimensional Parabolic Equation with Nonlocal Initial and Boundary Conditions
Authors: AL-Jawary Majeed A. , Salih Othman Mahdi
Published: June 2024

The primary objective of the current paper is to suggest and implement effective computational methods (DECMs) to calculate analytic and approximate solutions to the nonlocal one-dimensional parabolic equation which is utilized to model specific real-world applications. The powerful and elegant methods that are used orthogonal basis functions to describe the solution as a double power series have been developed, namely the Bernstein, Legendre, Chebyshev, Hermite, and Bernoulli polynomials. Hence, a specified partial differential equation is reduced to a system of linear algebraic equations that can be solved by using Mathematica®12. The techniques of effective computational methods (DECMs) have been applied to solve some specific cases of time-dependent diffusion equations. Moreover, the maximum absolute error () is determined to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed techniques.
A New Technique for Solving A Fractional Sharma-Tasso-Olever Equation
Authors: Hamdi Mustafa S. , Yaseen Samer R. , Al-Saphory Raheam A. , Zerrik El Hassan
Published: June 2024

In this study, we present a modified analytical approximation method to find the time-fractional Sharma-Tasso-Olever issue solving. In order to tackle nonlinear fractional differential equations that arise in a variety of physical processes, we begin by providing an alternate foundation for the Laplace Residual Power Series Technique (LRPSM). Thus, the generalized Taylor series equation and residual functions serve as the foundation for this approach.
More precisely, our approach and the suggested solution produce good results. Moreover, the reliability, effectiveness, and simplicity of this approach are demonstrated for all classes of fractional nonlinear issues that arise in technological and scientific fields. Two examples are provided to exemplify how the considered scheme works in calculating various types of fractional ordinary differential equations. Finally, the obtained results in this article are compared with other methods such as Residual Power Series (RPS), Variational Iteration Method (VIM), and Homotopy Perpetration Method (HPM). The consequences of our method are good and effective.
Some Games Via (D, DL) Compact Topological Groups
Authors: Sadek Afraa R. , Esmaeel R. B.
Published: June 2024

The aim of our work is to develop a new type of games which are related to (D, WD, LD) compactness of topological groups. We used an infinite game that corresponds to our work. Also, we used an alternating game in which the response of the second player depends on the choice of the first one. Many results of winning and losing strategies have been studied, consistent with the nature of the topological groups. As well as, we presented some topological groups, which fail to have winning strategies and we give some illustrated examples. Finally, the effect of functions on the aforementioned compactness strategies was studied.
Gray-Scale Image Compression Method Based on a Pixel-Based Adaptive Technique
Authors: Abed Zahraa.H. , AL-Khafaji Ghadah K.
Published: June 2024

Today in the digital realm, where images constitute the massive resource of the social media base but unfortunately suffer from two issues of size and transmission, compression is the ideal solution. Pixel base techniques are one of the modern spatially optimized modeling techniques of deterministic and probabilistic bases that imply mean, index, and residual. This paper introduces adaptive pixel-based coding techniques for the probabilistic part of a lossy scheme by incorporating the MMSA of the C321 base along with the utilization of the deterministic part losslessly. The tested results achieved higher size reduction performance compared to the traditional pixel-based techniques and the standard JPEG by about 40% and 50%, respectively, with pleasing quality exceeding 45 dB.
ESMCH: An Energy-Saving, Multi-Hop, Clustering, and Hierarchy Protocol for Homogeneous WSNs
Authors: Salman Fadhil Mohammed , Mohammed Ahssan Ahmmed , Joda Fanar Ali
Published: June 2024

The wireless sensor network (WSN) is one of the most important achievements of the modern technological revolution and greatly affects human life. These networks suffer from some limitations that affect their performance, such as the limited power of their devices. Clustering technology is one of the effective power conservation techniques that improves the performance of WSNs, so this article focuses on developing aggregation technology by proposing an Energy Saving, Multi-hops, Clustering, and Hierarchy (ESMCH) protocol for homogeneous WSNs. The proposed protocol improves clustering technology in several directions. The first direction is by determining the ideal number of cluster head nodes (CHs) suitable for the network, and the second is through the perfect choice of nodes that will represent CHs. The third trend is the selection of secondary CHs. The last trend is the formation of clusters, which depends on an important parameter (distance to CHs). The proposed system uses the TDMA method to schedule the data transfer process to CHs (inside the cluster) and the CSMA method to organize the exchange of data packets between CHs (outside the clusters) for delivery to the base station. The results of simulation experiments in MATLAB R (2020 a) show that the proposed protocol extends network lifetime by 32% compared to the LEACH algorithm and by 26% compared to the SEP algorithm. The results also display that the ESMCH protocol increased the throughput of the WSN by 16.8% compared to its throughput when using the SEP algorithm and by 30% when using the LEACH algorithm.
Generating Various Deep Dream Images Through Maximizing the Loss Function of Particular Layers Using Inception-v3 and Inception-ResNet-V2 Models
Authors: Al-Khazraji Lafta R. , Abbas Ayad R. , Jamil Abeer S.
Published: June 2024

Recently, Deep Learning (DL) has been used in a new technology known as the Deep Dream (DD) to produce images that resemble dreams. It is utilized to mimic hallucinations that drug users or people with schizophrenia experience. Additionally, DD is sometimes incorporated into the images as decoration. This study produces DD images using two deep-CNN model architectures (Inception-ResNet-V2 and Inception-v3). It starts by choosing particular layers in each model (from both lower and upper layers) to maximize their activation function, then detect several iterations. In each iteration, the gradient is computed and then used to compute loss and present the resulting images. Finally, the total loss is presented, and the final deep dream image is visualized. The output of the two models is different, and even for the same model there are some variations, the lower layers' loss values in the Inception-v3 model are significantly higher in comparison to the upper levels' values. In the case of Inception-ResNet-V2, the loss values are convergent.