bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insistencia sobre una maniobra Obstétrica original
Authors: Ramírez Merchán Rafael
Published: August 2020

Con el intenso ejercicio de la Clínica Obstétrica necesariamente he perfec­cionado mi capacidad para el manejo del fórceps, y al propio tiempo que me he ido familiarizando con el instrumento he tropezado personalmente con las di­ficultades que ofrece su correcta aplicación en las variedades posteriores y transversas de la presentación de vértice. Su éxito en estos casos encuentra dificul­tades en todos los tiempos de la evolución dirigida y, por otra parte, después de analizar todas las conductas y maniobras propuestas para resolver la distocia que, en la mayoría de los casos, dan estas variedades, se llega a la conclusión que es el forceps su más acertada solución.
Juicio sobre el trabajo del Dr. Isaías Buenahora - "Algunas aplicaciones de Forceps alto en Bucaramanga"
Authors: Ramírez Merchán Rafael
Published: August 2020

El fundamento de esta comunicación lo constituye el éxito que el autor ha tenido en la intervención universalmente contraindicada de aplicaciones de fórceps de cabeza no encajada y más aun sobre cabeza móvil. Es lo que algunos denominan fórceps por encima del estrecho superior, otros, entre ellos la mayoría de los autores estadinenses, fórceps sobre cabeza flotante y que Isaías Arenas denomina muy genéricamente, si nos atenemos a la nomenclatura moderna, simplemente como fórceps alto.
Comentarios al Informe rendido por el Profesor Ramírez Merchán sobre el trabajo del Dr. Isaías Arenas Buenahora
Authors: De Obstetricia y Ginecologíar Federación Colombiana
Published: August 2020

(Sesión del 8 de octubre de 1953)
Proposiciones
Authors: De Obstetricia y Ginecologia Federación Colombiana
Published: August 2020

Bases para un concurso y designación de un observador al Segundo Congreso Latinoamericano de Obstetricia y Ginecología que se reunirá en San Pablo, Brasil, del 9 al 14 de julio de 1954. Posición de  la  Sociedad Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología ante el ICSS. Proposiciones aprobadas por la Sociedad en su sesión ordinaria del 5 de noviembre de 1953. La referente al ICSS fue firmada por todos los socios.
El Embriotomo de Torpin
Authors: Riaño Alvarez Gustavo
Published: August 2020

La embriotomía es una operación destinada a reducir el volumen del feto destruyendo su integridad. Cuando se realiza seccionando íntegramente la co­lumna vertebral y las partes blandas que la rodean, es decir, dividiendo el feto en dos porciones, toma el nombre de embriotomía raquídea, que la costumbre ha generalizado (1).Tiene como única indicación absoluta resolver la terminación del parto en caso de situación de hombro abandonada con feto muerto (2), ya que nunca debe titubear un médico en mutilar un feto sin vida a cambio de operaciones no indicadas (3). La embriotomía asegura, de un modo más cierto la integridad del canal del parto.
Toxicosis Gravídicas en el Instituto de Protección Materna e Infantil, durante los últimos once años
Authors: Ferro Luis María
Published: August 2020

(Resumen de las comunicaciones presentadas a la primera convención nacional de obstetricia y ginecología , reunida en Bogotá ).
Incidencias de la Toxicosis
Authors: Ferro Luis María , Salazar Davila Luis , Rozo Luis Francisco
Published: August 2020

Hecha la revisión de todas las historias clínicas de las pacientes ingresadas en el período de 1942 a 1952. sobre el total de 64.297 historias se encontraron 1.174 corres­pondientes a pacientes toxémicas, lo cual da un índice general de toxemia de 1.82%.De estas, 137 corresponden a albuminurias gravídicas o sea el 11.66%, 622 fueron preeclápticas, o sea 52.98%. y 415 fueron eclámpticas, o sea 35 a 36%.Enfocando cada una de estas tres entidades por separado, con el objeto de bus­car incidencia entre nosotros, se nota que en albuminuria gravídica la mayor fre­cuencia se encuentra en las primigestantes (53.23%) y el resto 44.52% para las mul­típaras, descontando un 2.19% correspondiente a pacientes en cuya historia no se anotó el número de la gestación.
Atención de las Toxicosis en la consulta prenatal
Authors: Riaño Gustavo , Martínez Sáenz Carlos , De Vargas Leonor Concha
Published: August 2020

Con miras permanentes a disminuir la incidencia de las toxicosis gravídicas en el Instituto, hemos adoptado en forma rutinaria una estrecha vigilancia de las pacientes exceptuando las deficiencias debidas al grado de cultura y a la mentalidad de la clientela hospitaliaria. Desgraciadamente es difícil llevar esta vigilancia hasta el punto deseado, ya que con frecuencia ocurre la falta de colaboración e interés por parte de la mayoría de las pacientes. Es lamentable tener que reconocer que. a pesar de la larga trayectoria de los servicios de maternidad en Bogotá, aún las mismas pacientes, tratadas en varias oportunidades en el Instituto, menosprecian y descuidan sus problemas obstétricos y permanecen sin vigilancia alguna o lo que es peor se entregan a los cuidados de comadronas ignorantes y sólo concurren a la consulta médica cuando se ven enfrentadas a una complicación o accidente que las haga temer por su vida. Por otra parte la generalidad de las embarazadas ni siquiera consideran que sea útil acudir al médico en los primeros meses. salvo que sufran alguna complicación que las haga sentirse enfermas.
Pronóstico materno
Authors: Rodríguez Astié Ariel
Published: August 2020

El pronóstico de las toxicosis guarda estrecha relación con la forma de ellas, con la asistencia médica que haya tenido el caso, y con la prontitud y eficacia de los recursos que se hayan empleado para tratar.

Los casos en los cuales a las manifestaciones toxémicas gravídicas se añaden otras afecciones tales como cardiopatías, lesiones renales, o lesiones hepáticas an­tiguas, tienen un pronóstico mucho más grave y con frecuencia en ellas fracasa el tratamiento médico.
Mortalidad materna
Authors: Ortiz Gamboa Jorge , De Gaitán Georgina , Carvajal Antonio
Published: August 2020

Resumimos en los cuadros siguientes los datos obtenidos sobre mortalidad materna en la toxicosis gravídica en el periodo de 1942 a 1952. en el Instituto.
Tratamientos empleados en el Instituto
Authors: Acosta V. José del Carmen
Published: August 2020

Como se ha visto por los relatos anteriores, en el Instituto se han empleado nu­merosos tratamientos en los casos de Toxemia y con el transcurso del tiempo y me­diante la experiencia adquirida, se han ido precisando los conceptos y fijando las in­dicaciones de cada uno de ellos: en general, en lo cual estamos acordes con los prin­cipios aceptados hoy universalmente, se tiende a estabilizar y extender el tratamiento médico, reduciendo las intervenciones obstétricas y quirúrgicas a indicaciones muy limitadas en los casos puramente tóxicos.
Factor Cervical
Authors: Dávila Rivero Carlos
Published: August 2020

Es el estudio del factor cervical en la esterilidad conyugal, uno de los aspec­tos clínicos de la especialidad menos estudiado, y que en la mayoría de las veces, no se le da importancia debida, siendo así que las escuelas argentina, europea, y americana, le adjudican un 30% de responsabilidad como causa de esterilidad femenina.
Radiodiagnóstico Ginecológico Mediante Neumoperitoneo
Authors: Barona Pinillos Mariano
Published: August 2020

El presente estudio comprende algunos exámenes radiológicos del aparato genital interno de la mujer, mediante el empleo de neumoperitoneo para delimi­tar el contorno externo de ellos. Este método de diagnóstico es conocido con el nombre de ginecografía simple, cuando sólo se emplea neumoperitoneo, y ginecografia completa cuando se agrega histerosalpingografia. Los exámenes fueron iniciados al conocer los trabajos efectuados por Stein en Chicago.
Proposiciones aprobadas en la primera Convención Nacional de Obstetricia y Ginecología
Authors: De Obstetricia y Ginecología Federación Colombiana
Published: August 2020

Proposición del Dr. Rafael Peralta C.:

Proposiciones de los Dres. Hugo Campo y Tomás Becerra:

Proposición de los Dres. Pérez, Pachón y Sanz:

Proposiciones presentada por la mesa directiva de la SCOG.:

Proposición presentada por el Dr. José M. Garrido Gómez, de la Delegación del Atlántico :

Proposición de la Mesa Directiva de la SCOG.:
Split liver transplantation: a single center experience
Authors: Gautier S. V. , Monakhov A. R. , Tsiroulnikova O. M. , Latypov R. A. , Dzhanbekov T. A. , Mescheryakov S. V. , Semash K. O. , Zubenko S. I. , Khizroev Kh. M. , Chekletsova E. V.
Published: August 2020

Background: Split liver transplantation is used worldwide and allows for an increase of donor organ pool, especially for pediatric recipients. Donor selection, some aspects of surgical techniques and long-term results remain to be important issues of split liver transplantation.

Aim: To analyze our own clinical results of split liver transplantation, basic principles of deceased donor selection and specifics of surgical technique.

Materials and methods: From May 2008 to December 2019, 32 cases of division of the deceased donor liver for transplantation to two recipients have been performed (64 split liver transplantations). Liver was divided into the left lateral section and the extended right lobe in 30 cases (“classical split”), and into the left lobe and right lobe in two cases (“full-split”). In 22 cases, the liver grafts were split in situ and in 10, ex-situ.

Results: In the recipients of left-side transplants (left lateral section and whole left lobe), the one-, three-, and five-year survival rates were 80, 80, and 60%, respectively. In the right-sided transplant recipients (extended right lobe and right lobe), the one-, three-, and five-year survival rates were 93.3, 89.4, and 89.4%, respectively (p = 0.167). The most probable risk factors for mortality in the univariate analysis were liver retransplantation (p = 0.047) and patient’s weight (p = 0.04).

Conclusion: For split transplantation, it is advisable to consider donors with a high-quality liver. This technique demonstrates satisfactory results and can be viewed as effective for patients with terminal liver diseases.
Carbono, peso e volume de necromassa lenhosa em área de plano de manejo florestal
Authors: Coimbra Limeira Mathaus Messias , Da Silva Barbosa Rone da Silva Barbosa , Ganassoli Neto Eduardo , Bueno Coelho Maria Cristina , Antônio Varavallo Maurilio Antônio Varavallo , Barilli Juliana , Cardoso Silva Marcos Vinicius , Luiz Erpen Mauro
Published: August 2020

A necromassa encontrada nos ecossistemas realizam a manutenção do estoque de carbono. Seguindo esta orientação a quantificação torna-se um atributo valioso para um manejo florestal eficiente. O estudo teve como objetivos quantificar a necromassa lenhosa caída e suspensa sobre o solo, peso e estoque de carbono em área de plano de manejo de nativas como subsidio ao mesmo. A amostragem adotada utiliza o método da área fixa, e foi conduzida através da instalação de uma área circular com raio de 10 metros (314 m2). Foram medidas 27 parcelas distribuídas sistematicamente, obtendo a medição de 806 indivíduos totais, cujo critério de inclusão é ter diâmetro ≥ que 5 cm e de forma tátil-visual o grau de decomposição da madeira morta. A média do volume de necromassa na região foi de 14,70 m³ ha-¹ com 5,37 mg ha-¹ de massa de necromassa. Tal valor apresenta um estoque de carbono de aproximadamente 2,6 mg ha-¹. A pesquisou mostrou que a distribuição da necromassa na área ocorre de forma regular. Os níveis de necromassa são desiguais nas parcelas. O material caído apresenta 78 % dos indivíduos menores que 20 centímetros de diâmetro, e para o material em pé 96,15 % possuem diâmetro menor que 40 centímetros. A necromassa contribui para a redução da concentração do CO2 na atmosfera e para a diminuição do efeito estufa. Contribuindo para a manutenção, tanto da matéria orgânica quanto do carbono orgânico, auxiliando na recomposição e na ciclagem de nutrientes e evidencia a importância fixação de carbono.
Aporte económico de la madera de cedro (Cedrela odorata L.) como árbol de sombra en cafetales de Pérez Zeledón, Costa Rica
Authors: Calvé Jarque Sergio , Murillo Olman , Salazar Luis , C´órdoba Dónald
Published: August 2020

La investigación estimó el aporte económico de la madera de Cedro (Cedrela odorata L.) por medio de árboles de sombra en sistemas de producción de café. Se censaron lotes productivos en 26 cafetales de productores asociados a la Corporación Coopeagri R.L en el cantón de Pérez Zeledón. El cultivo de cedro en cafetales de la región se maneja a una densidad promedio de 214 individuos ha-1, que corresponde a un espaciamiento de 7 m x 7 m, no obstante, se registró una significativa variación desde 70 hasta 700 individuos. El cedro en cafetales tiene una tasa de crecimiento de 2,5 cm año-1, que le permite alcanzar los 40 cm en el DAP a los 16 años de edad. El cultivo de cedro en los cafetales produce ingresos económicos por la madera, de aproximadamente $5000 ha-1 y un volumen comercial de 100 m3 ha-1 en 16 años, del cual, el 60 % tiene valor comercial para aserrío en 6 a 7 m de fuste. La leña representa un 35 % del volumen total, pero tan solo un 8 % del valor comercial del árbol. Con buenas prácticas silviculturales de manejo de copa y de reducción del ataque de Hypsipyla grandella, con una densidad inicial de 267 árboles (5 x 7,5 m que se reduce a 160 al año 8), el valor de su madera podría alcanzar los $7000 ha-1. El cedro en sistemas agroforestales asociado con café es una excelente opción de diversificación productiva para sus productores.
Ревизија и отпис библиотечких фондова: искуства Градске библиотеке у Новом Саду
Authors: Добретић Данијела Д. , Топалов Оливера М. , Радуловић Андреј С.
Published: August 2020

У раду ће бити речи о искуствима Градске библиотеке у Новом Саду (ГБНС) у самом процесу припреме за ревизију и у току ревизије и расхода, као и о проблемима и недоумицама који су се тада јављали. Биће представљен, такође, основни преглед законских прописа и стандарда за ревизију и расход у јавним библиотекама. Ревизија и отпис библиотечке грађе у ГБНС обавља се редовно и по законској регулативи. Целокупан фонд ГБНС, са преко 550.000 публикација, налази се у двадесет и седам огранака који постоје у њеном саставу и Закон у овом случају предвиђа ревизију најмање једном у десет година. Имајући ово у виду, као и чињеницу да публикације неминовно застаревају, поред свих редовних и додатних послова на унапређењу библиотечке делатности, ГБНС за десет година тешко, и уз велике напоре, спроводи ревизију целокупног фонда. Највећи проблем настаје дефинисањем и препознавањем расхода само у оквиру ревизије.
The Owl and the Two Rabbits by N. Sammurtok
Authors: Campbell Sandy
Published: August 2020

Sammurtok, Nadia. The Owl and the Two Rabbits. Iqaluit, NU: Inhabit Media, 2019.

Nadia Sammurtok, author of several children’s books including Caterpillar Woman and Siuluk: The Last Tuniq, has written stories of tundra animals. Like many Inuit children’s stories, this one is cautionary, teaching children not to play in dangerous places. In this story two small rabbits, who have been told to “remain hidden when they played outside,” get carried away jumping and attract the attention of an owl who wants to eat them. They escape by outwitting the owl and working together, two common survival themes in Inuit children’s stories. 

Marcus Cutler’s artwork is bright and fun. Often northern scenes are portrayed as muted or dark, but Cutler’s skies are orange, red or purple, and the grasses are vivid greens and yellows. Small children will be able to enjoy the pictures on their own, but the text will require an older reader. While this book is not meant to be realistic—the animals speak and small rabbits are able to push a huge rock—Sammurtok does include some real animal behaviour from which children can learn. For example, “the rabbits' brown coats blended in with the tundra” and they freeze when threatened.

Overall this is an enjoyable volume which would be a good addition to public libraries and elementary school libraries.

Highly recommended:  4 out of 4 starsReviewer:  Sandy Campbell

Sandy is a Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Alberta, who has written hundreds of book reviews across many disciplines. Sandy thinks that sharing books with children is one of the greatest gifts anyone can give.
The Assassination of Brangwain Spurge by MT. Anderson & E. Yelchin
Authors: Thysse Arwen
Published: August 2020

Anderson, M.T. and Eugene Yelchin. The Assassination of Brangwain Spurge. Candlewick Press, 2018.

The Assassination of Brangwain Spurge throws the reader into a topsy-turvy wonderland with the gripping adventure of two unlikely heroes, Brangwain Spurge and Werfel the Archivist. These two historians find themselves caught in a myriad of misunderstandings as they meet at the crux of a diplomatic mission between their warring nations of elves and goblins. An elfin historian turned diplomat and spy, Spurge must confront his own deeply entrenched prejudices against goblins, while his enthusiastic and well-intentioned goblin host, Werfel, attempts to guide him through an unfamiliar culture. Through a series of entertaining mishaps and cultural misunderstandings, M.T. Anderson and Eugene Yelchin use their vivid characters and narrative style to craft an enjoyable story with underlying messages about cultural conflict and the ways in which prejudice colours our view of others.

Most commendable in this book is the authors’ brilliant use of visual and text media to craft a work showing how individuals can understand the same events in wildly different ways. The mixed media drawings not only add a striking visual force to the novel, but they also serve a narrative function by showing the world through the eyes and imagination of Spurge. It becomes clear that Spurge’s understanding of his experiences conflicts with the more objective third-person account of events, illustrating how Spurge’s view of the world has been heavily skewed by his institutionalized prejudices. As Werfel quite wisely says: “Isn’t it so fascinating how in different countries, we have different views of the same events?”

This book is appropriate for the intended age group of individuals aged ten to fourteen, but it can also be enjoyed by older teens and adults. With its compelling design and timely messages, this book would be an excellent addition to school and public libraries. 

Highly Recommended: 4 out of 4 starsReviewer: Arwen Thysse

Arwen Thysse is a graduate of the University of Alberta’s Bachelor of Arts program and the University of Toronto’s Master of Medieval Studies program. She is also an avid musician, and enjoys children’s books.
Awards & Upcoming Events
Authors: Desmarais Robert
Published: August 2020

Greetings!

Summer is an ideal time to share news about annual children’s book awards because many of them were announced in the spring. InfoSoup provides a comprehensive list of awards presented each year by the American Library Association and other organizations. At this time of year I always like to have a look at the Canadian Children’s Book Centre website to remind myself of all the award competitions for Canadian children’s books. Here in Edmonton, the Book Publishers Association of Alberta announced a short list of three books in the Children’s & Young Adult category that all look very compelling. 

 

A Sampling of Upcoming Events 

 

October 3, 2020

Picture Book Summit is an online conference for illustrators and writers of picture books, but of course everyone is welcome. Registration is now open. 

 

October 3/4, 2020

FOLD Kids Bookfest is a festival for authors and illustrators who create books for young people. This virtual event is designed for young people, but it will also include content for adult writers of children’s books. Registration opens on September 21, 2020.

 

October 24, 2020

Packaging Your Imagination is a conference presented by Canada’s Conference for Children’s Authors, Illustrators & Performers. Registration will be open in August 2020 and the event will be available via livestream (it will also be recorded). 

 

I hope you all find the time to discover some wonderful children's books this summer. Enjoy the adventure!

Best wishes,

Robert
Environmental Sanitation and Incidence of Stunting in Children Aged 12-59 Months in Ogan Ilir Regency
Authors: Purba Imelda Gernauli , Sunarsih Elvi , Trisnaini Inoy , Sitorus Rico Januar
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Ogan Ilir is one of the three regency with the highest stunting incidence in South Sumatera. Environment factor is indirect causes of stunting in toddlers. The objective of this study therefore was to analyze the correlation between environmental sanitation with the incidence of stunting on toddler in Ogan Ilir Regency. Method: An observational analytical with a Cross sectional approach was conducted to determine incidence of stunting and associated environmental sanitation factors among toddler. Samples were toddler aged 12-59 months around 152 which selested by Multi Stage Cluster Sampling. Data was collected through interviews using questionnaries and observation was using checklist. The data was analyzed using Analysis of covariance test at (α=0.05). Result and Discussion: There was significant association between physical quality of clean water with incidence of stunting (p=0.036). Also, quqlity of sewerage significantly correlated to incidence of stunting (p=0.011). Significantly association also found between quality of latrines with incidence of stunting (p=0.005). On the other hand, history of infectious disease (p=0.100), personal hygiene (p=0.347), pesticide exposure (p=0.06), and cigarette smoke exposure (p=0.077) were not associated with inciden of stunting. Conclusion:Indirectly, the incidence of toddlers stunting is determined by environmental sanitation.
Particulate Matter as a Driven Factor Covid19 Transmission at Outdoor: Review
Authors: Firmansyah Hanien , Fadlillah Azmi Nur , Pawitra Aditya Sukma
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus) which attacks the respiratory tract, with mild to severe symptoms. The virus can infect the body through mucous membranes on the face with droplet transmission. Air pollution is thought to contribute to Covid19 events which can worsen the situation of people with Covid19. The aims of this literature review is to analyze Particulate Matter (PM) as environmental factors that contributes Covid19, so it is expected to be a study in terms of prevention and prevention in the field of environmental health. Discussion: PM is thought to have contributed to an increased risk of mortality and morbidity in Covid19 events. PM which has toxic properties can enter the lungs and affect the physiological condition of the lung organs. The findings regarding the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus RNA strengthen the suspicion that PM plays a role in Covid19 transmission. Several studies have found that there is a relationship between PM and Covid19. PM2.5 which is smaller than PM10 has a higher ability to be a risk factor for ballast in Covid19. Conclusion: The results of this synthesis state that PM can be one of the driving factors of Covid19 transmission in air.
Determination of The CCP (Critical Control Point) on The Production Whole Round Tiger Grouper (Ephinephelus fuscoguttatus) in PT. Alam Jaya Surabaya, East Java.
Authors: Febriana Ike , Prayogo Prayogo
Published: August 2020

Grouper (Epinephelus sp.) is a reef fish commodity that are currently utilized in a large enough scale. Of the types of grouper, tiger grouper has advantages compared to other types. This fish hight economic value because it has a delicious meat, nutritious and contain unsaturated fatty acids. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) is a systematic approach to food safety management based on the principles there that aims to identify the hazards that tend to occur at every step of the food chain. One of the principles of HACCP is to determine the CCP using Decision Tree Diagram CCP (Decision Tree). Field Work Practice was conducted at PT. Alam Jaya, District Rungkut, Surabaya City, East Java Province on 18 January  to 26 February , 2016. The working method that used in Field Work Practice is descriptive method with data collection included primary data and secondary data. Data is collected by observation, interview and active participation. CCP determination based on the presence of danger in a process that can not be removed in the next process. Determination of CCP based on the observation of every production process is known that the process of receiving raw materials and metal detectors are CCP.
Composition et qualité technologique des laits de vaches Normandes et Pie-Noires. 1. Effets de la race
Authors: FROC J. , GILIBERT J. , DALIPHAR T. , DURAND P.
Published: August 2020

Cette étude porte sur 1663 échantillons de lait produits par des vaches des deux races élevées simultanément dans 30 fermes, au cours de deux périodes (printemps- hiver 1985), réparties dans trois zones de Normandie (Cotentin, Bocage, Caux). Le temps de raffermissement et la fermeté du caillé sont très liés entre eux et leurs relations avec les autres variables sont très voisines : ils dépendent principalement des taux de protéines, de calcium, de matières grasses, de lactose et du diamètre des micelles de caséine. Ils se démarquent nettement du temps de floculation qui dépend relativement moins des taux protéiques et butyreux et plus des taux de lactose et de cellules. La comparaison des deux races fait apparaître de grandes différences pour la plupart des variables, la race Normande produisant moins de lait que la Pie-Noire (- 4 kg/j), mais ayant des taux protéiques (+ 2 à + 2,5 ‰), butyreux (+ 2 à + 3 ‰) et calciques (+ 0,1 ‰) nettement plus élevés, des micelles de caséine plus petites et des tests technologiques très supérieurs (différence relative de - 26 % pour le temps de floculation, - 72 % pour le temps de raffermissement, + 20 % pour la fermeté du caillé). L’effet période (incluant les effets saison et alimentation et, dans une moindre mesure, l’effet stade de lactation) a une grande importance, avec des laits hivernaux plus pauvres en matières azotées et minérales et très largement dépréciés par rapport aux laits de printemps pour les tests technologiques. Les deux races et les deux périodes sont mieux discriminées par les tests technologiques que par les divers taux montrant des effets propres race et période sur l’aptitude fromagère des laits et suggérant que des variables laitières, non prises en compte dans la présente étude (nature des caséines, forme des minéraux, pH...), interviennent dans le déterminisme des propriétés technologiques. La comparaison entre zones révèle peu d’effets significatifs pour les taux (teneur en matières utiles inférieure pour le Caux) et aucun effet pour les tests technologiques  ; la variabilité de conduite entre élevages est plus grande que celle entre zones.
Efficacité des techniques de conservation de la semence de verrat
Authors: PAQUIGNON M. , BUSSIÈRE J. , BARITEAU F.
Published: August 2020

Cet article fait le point sur la technologie de préparation de la semence en vue de sa conservation sous forme liquide ou congelée. Pour la conservation de la semence à l’état liquide, plusieurs dilueurs sont proposés pour maintenir son pouvoir fécondant pendant plusieurs jours. Afin d’obtenir la fertilité et la prolificité les plus élevées possibles, il apparaît nécessaire, dans l’état actuel de nos connaissances, d’utiliser la fraction totale de l’éjaculat et de diluer la semence récoltée dans le milieu BTS, de façon à obtenir 3 x 109 spermatozoïdes dans un volume total de 100 ml pour une insémination artificielle. Dans ces conditions, le pouvoir fécondant du sperme peut être maintenu jusqu’au 3e jour après la récolte sans baisse de la fertilité et de la prolificité. En ce qui concerne la conservation à l’état congelé, plusieurs techniques sont proposées. La qualité de la semence après dégel varie en fonction des dilueurs de congélation et de décongélation utilisés ainsi que des technologies de préparation et de conditionnement de la semence. L’examen en microscopie électronique, après cryosubstitution, des spermatozoïdes et de leur milieu environnant montre que l’état de leur déshydratation au moment de la congélation est un facteur important pour le maintien de la qualité de la semence après dégel. Cette étude montre également qu’un des problèmes de la technique de congélation intervient au moment de la décongélation tout au moins en ce qui concerne la qualité des acrosomes. Si on considère l’ensemble des inséminations réalisées dans les 10 dernières années, il n’apparaît aucune différence entre le conditionnement en pailles et en pastilles en ce qui concerne le taux de mise bas et la prolificité. Cependant, d’autres facteurs, comme le moment de l’insémination, l’inséminateur et le verrat, peuvent influencer les résultats de fertilité. On peut estimer que par rapport au sperme frais, la congélation entraîne une fertilité inférieure de 20 à 30 points % et une baisse de prolificité de 1 à 3 porcelets.
Кросс-энтропийная редукции матрицы данных с ограничением информационной емкости матриц-проекторов и их норм
Authors: Попков Юрий Соломонович , Popkov Yurii Solomonovich , Попков Алексей Юрьевич , Popkov Aleksei Yur'evich , Дубнов Юрий А , Dubnov Yury A
Published: August 2020

Развивается метод сокращения размерности матрицы данных, основанный на ее
прямом и обратном проектировании, и вычислении проекторов, минимизирующих
кросс-энтропийный функционал. Вводится понятие информационной емкости матрицы, которое используется в качестве ограничения в задаче оптимальной редукции. Проводится сравнение предлагаемого метода с известными в задаче бинарной
классификации.
Разностные схемы для уравнения переноса со стоком на основе анализа в пространстве неопределенных коэффициентов
Authors: Лобанов Алексей Иванович , Lobanov Aleksei Ivanovich , Миров Фирузджон Хусаинович , Mirov Firuzdzhon Khusainovich
Published: August 2020

Рассматривается семейство разностных схем на явном пятиточечном шаблоне для
численного решения линейного уравнения переноса. Для построения и исследования свойств разностных схем использовано обобщенное условие аппроксимации.
Проводится анализ разностных схем в пространстве неопределенных коэффициентов. Задача построения оптимальной разностной схемы при этом сводится к задаче
линейного программирования. Рассматривается также семейство гибридных разностных схем. Для них параметром переключения будет локально вычисленное безразмерное волновое число. Анализ также показывает, что при построении схем повышенного порядка аппроксимации их локальные свойства будут определяться
уменьшенным вдвое (по сравнению со схемой первого порядка аппроксимации)
безразмерным волновым числом.
Для уравнения переноса с линейным стоком на основе подобного анализа также
строится семейство разностных схем. В этом случае возможно больше решений задачи линейного программирования - в число оптимальных попадают схемы повышенного порядка аппроксимации на нерасширенном шаблоне (компактные схемы).
Свойства оптимальных схем повышенного порядка аппроксимации в случае уравнения со стоком определяются безразмерным параметром, зависящим как от волнового числа, так и от коэффициента стока. Ввиду того, что для уравнения со стоком разностные схемы обладают несколько лучшими вычислительными качествами, чем для однородного линейного уравнения, при решении систем гиперболического типа методом расщепления целесообразно выделять часть с линейном стоком и именно для нее строить гибридную разностную схему, обладающую переменным порядком аппроксимации на решении дифференциальной задачи.
Приведены численные примеры реализованных схем для простейшего линейного
уравнения.
The Analysis Of The Students’ Difficulty in Memorizing English Vocabulary in Elementary School
Authors: Mailasari Dewi Ulya
Published: August 2020

This article describes the students’ difficulty in memorizing English vocabulary in Integrated Islamic Elementary School (SDIT) Amal Insani Jepara.  This study uses a descriptive qualitative method. The result denotes that students have difficulties in memorizing vocabulary including there is no visible intrinsic motivation from students, considering English as just another compulsory subject. In addition to the factors of integration and talent, it seems that attitudinal and motivational factors take the main role of the difficulties of students of SDIT Amal Insani in remembering English vocabulary. Students with a high level of intelligence coupled with high enthusiasm, because there is a reward from the teacher, easy to remember vocabulary as well as remembering other subject matter. Students with a priori and low motivation attitude find it difficult to remember the vocabulary that has been given.
Development of Teaching Material Vocabulary with the Mnemonic Keyword
Authors: Khairunnisah Khairunnisah , Hasibuan Apriyanti , Purba Happy Sri Rezeki
Published: August 2020

This research aimed at developing an integrated and creative English learning materials for grade IX students of SMP. The operational purpose are: (1) determining the design of learning material, (2) describing the result of validation by the expert of content, media and instructional design, (3) describing the result of validation by colleague and students, and (3) describing the result of the implementation try out. The subjects of evaluation were, 2 instructional experts, 2 colleagues, 10 students, and 30 students for the implementation try out. The data was collected using quetionair and test. The result of evaluation was analyzed through quantitative and qualitative descriptive technique. The results showd: (1) validation over draft I by the exspert of content 84,14%, and design 88,88%, the qualification is almost perfect, light revision was done (2) validation over draft II by colleagues 89,63% and by students from small class was 74% and big class was 75,33%, the qualification was good, light revision was done, and the students’worksheet, and the result showed that the students’ ability in vocabulary mastery more increase. This research gave outcomes for English education field, that is book for study vocabulary and for vocabulary enrichment in first level.
Discourse Competence in English E-Book “Contextual Teaching and Learning” for 9th Grade Students of Junior High School
Authors: Rosyida Ulva Fatiya
Published: August 2020

Discourse competence is the main competence in Communicative Competence. In language teaching, the role of discourse is to achieve good communication. This study aims at describing the discourse competences in English e-book for students of Junior High School grade 9. The data was collected by using “documentation”. The spoken materials presented in section one for each unit was taken as the data. In analyzing the data, the method used here are Padan (identity) method with “referential” instrument and Agih (distributional) method. They were analyzed how the materials convey the components of discourse competence based on the model of communicative competence proposed by Celce-Murcia, et.al. From the analysis, it was found that the materials convey the components of discourse competence although there are no clear highlights showing each component.
An Analysis on Pre-sequences in Making Invitation Used by freshmen of English as a Foreign Language: The Pragmatics Perspective
Authors: Hidayat Yusuf
Published: August 2020

This study reports the nature of making invitation carried out by freshmen students of the pragmatic point of view. It attempts to investigate the pre-sequences strategies used for the purpose of inviting in freshmen.  The respondents themselves were chosen from the English Education Program, a certain private university located in Ciamis, West Java Province. The results asserted that based on the data gained in the findings aforementioned, 80% of the respondents express their pre-sequences in the form of saying hello, and asking condition. Meanwhile, 20% of other respondents express their pre-sequences in other expressions. Furthermore, 100% of the respondents express pre-sequences expression in beginning their conversation before inviting their partners. In conclusion, the respondents expressed pre-sequences in beginning their invitation expression. Meanwhile, they are able to express quite proper politeness for inviting, accepting or refusing the invitation such suggested by the theory.
EPIDEMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 IN RUSSIA.
Authors: Pshenichnaya Natalia , Lizinfeld Irina , Zhuravlev Grigory
Published: August 2020

Active epidemic process in Russia started in the March, 2020 after beginning the local transmission. At the end of June approximately 650 thousands COVID-19 cases were recorded in Russia.

Aim of study: epidemical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 in Russia

Materials and methods: statistic analysis of database of COVID-19 in Russia during the first half of 2020.

Majority of cases in a group aged 0-17 years old was mild. Patients > 65 years and above were registered with a moderate and severe forms of COVID-19, what shows that this group needs a special attention. The biggest part of all the cases was in a group of people of employable age. This fact shows that control of restrictive measures has to be performed as a main stream in this group. In case of delayed initial medical service COVID-19 had more moderate and severe forms.
Safe Distraction Technique for Hip Arthroscopy in a Polytraumatized Patient with Pelvic, Acetabular, and Ankle Fractures
Authors: Chawla Sagar , Githens Michael F. , Hagen Mia S.
Published: August 2020

Case:

A healthy 41-year-old man presented after a motorcycle collision resulting in polytrauma and underwent hip arthroscopy for removal of loose bodies after initial stabilization of pelvic, acetabular, and ipsilateral ankle fractures. Given these injuries, a novel hip distraction technique with a combination of postless traction and skeletal traction was used.

Conclusion:

Specific considerations for hip arthroscopy with concomitant acetabular fracture include alternate techniques for joint distraction, maintenance of low pump pressures, and technical pearls for clearing hemarthrosis. Orthopaedic surgeons familiar with hip arthroscopy can use these methods.
Surgical Excision of a Thrombosed Persistent Median Artery Causing Carpal Tunnel–Like Symptoms
Authors: Bartels Douglas W. , Shin Alexander Y.
Published: August 2020

Case:

A 51-year-old man presented with pain and paresthesias in the median nerve distribution and a subjective loss of grip strength. Imaging revealed a thrombosed persistent median artery in the carpal tunnel abutting the median nerve. The thrombosed portion of the artery was surgically excised, and the patient experienced resolution of symptoms.

Conclusion:

Persistent median artery thrombosis is rare and can cause carpal tunnel syndrome. Ultrasound is a useful tool for diagnosis and appropriate surgical planning. Although treatment with systemic anticoagulation is an option, surgical excision resulted in resolution of symptoms and an excellent short-term outcome.
Harris Heel View is Inadequate to Visualize Screw Prominence of the Medial Calcaneus
Authors: Hadeed Michael M. , Jennewine Brenton R. , George Jose , Yarboro Seth R.
Published: August 2020

Case:

A 58-year-old man sustained multiple right foot injuries during a motor vehicle accident that included a calcaneus fracture requiring open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). The procedure was complicated by a prominent implant inferior to the sustentaculum, which necessitated a return to the operating room. Commonly used fluoroscopic views do not adequately image this area. A cadaveric study was undertaken to identify the optimal 2-dimensional fluoroscopic view that evaluates prominent implants at the medial calcaneus.

Conclusion:

The sustentaculum tunnel view gives a reliable image of prominent medial implants, and use of this technique may limit complications after calcaneus ORIF.
Selected Detention Ponds: SH 36 from FM 2218, Fort Bend County to FM 1495, Brazoria County
Authors: Butler Joel
Published: August 2020

On behalf of CP&Y and the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), AmaTerra Environmental conducted an intensive archeological survey of two of five proposed detention ponds in Brazoria and Fort Bend Counties, Texas. The detention ponds are part of TxDOT’s proposed widening of State Highway (SH) 36 from Farm to Market Road (FM) 2218 in Pleak, Fort Bend County to FM 1495 in Freeport, Brazoria County, Texas (CSJs 0187-05-050, 0188-02-029, 0188-03-019, 0188-04-035, 0188-04-025, 0188-05-027, 0188-06-046, 0111-08-100, 0187-05-048, 0188-04-044, and 0188-02-036). The project was completed in compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (Section 106) and the Antiquities Code of Texas (ACT) under Permit no. 8868.

Work was conducted April 17, 2019 by a team of two archeologists and consisted of visual inspection and shovel testing of two proposed pond locations (Varner Creek and Pond B). A total of 21 shovel tests were excavated and one new archeological site (41BO282) was recorded. This mid-twentieth century site, recorded in the proposed Pond B location, retains little to no data potential within the APE. It is therefore recommended not eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places or as a State Antiquities Landmark.

Access was not available at the time of survey for proposed detention Pond A. However, it was visually inspected from the existing right-of-way (ROW) and its current use as a paved construction staging area indicates that archeological resources are unlikely to exist at the location. Therefore, no further work is recommended for this pond site.

Rights of Entry (ROE) were not available at the time of survey for the remaining proposed pond locations (Big Creek 1 and Big Creek 2). AmaTerra recommends intensive archeological survey for these areas when access becomes available and prior to construction.
Psychosocial barriers and enablers of exclusive breastfeeding: lived experiences of mothers in low-income townships, North West Province, South Africa
Authors: Witten Chantell Beverley , Claasen Nicole , Kruger Herculina S , Coutsoudis Anna , Grobler Herman
Published: August 2020

Background: Despite national efforts to promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), South Africa’s EBF rate is only 32%. The aim of this study was to examine the rate of EBF discontinuation and the lived experiences of breastfeeding mothers at postnatal time points 3-14 days, 4-8 weeks, 10-14 weeks and 20-24 weeks. Methods: This community-based mixed-methods study collected data within a prospective cohort study on socio-demographics, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF) at 6-8 weeks with infant feeding data collected at 4-8, 10-14 and 20-24 weeks from 159 mothers living in low income areas. Six focus groups with 32 mothers with infants aged 6-24 weeks were conducted. Descriptive statistics was used for the quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data.Results: The majority of mothers were unmarried (84.9%), living with family (69.2%) and unemployed (74.2%). EBF decreased from 34% at 4-8 weeks to 9.7% at 20-24 weeks. Mixed feeding with infant formula increased from 17.0% to 30.6% and food feeding from 3.1% to 54.2%. While there were no statistically significant associations between EBF and any of the quantitative socio-demographic variables, in the qualitative data, codes associated with barriers were more than enablers. The themes were Mothers’ attributes (wellbeing, experiences and relationships) with the code mother’s stress the strongest barrier, Mother’s knowledge, attitudes and practices of breastfeeding with the code conventional medicines the strongest barrier, Family environment with the code home setting the strongest barrier, Social environment with public spaces and places a barrier and in Baby cues the code baby stomach ailments the barrier. Within these same themes mother’s positive emotions, benefits of breastfeeding, support in the home, access to information and services from health professionals and baby’s health were strong enabling factors. Conclusions: Low EBF, high mixed feeding and a high EPDS score were explained by the barriers identified in the qualitative data. The data suggests that mothers from low-income households would be better supported through interventions that address food insecurity; family relationships and those that build confidence in mothers and resilience in confronting difficult and hostile breastfeeding environments.
Peripheral Anterior Chamber Depth and Screening Techniques for Primary Angle Closure Disease in Community Elderly Chinese
Authors: Luo Qin , Xue Wenwen , Yuan Yin , Fu Chaowei , He Jiangnan , Zou Haidong , Tong Xiaowei , Lee Richard K. , Ge Ling
Published: August 2020

Background: To investigate the distribution of peripheral anterior chamber depth (ACD) and the relationship between peripheral ACD and gonioscopy compared to other ocular parameters for primary angle closure disease (PACD) screening. Methods: We performed a population-based survey in Pudong New District of Shanghai, China, in 2011. Adults 50 and older were enrolled from a population-based study using cluster random sampling in Pudong New District, Shanghai. Remote ocular screening was performed with digital anterior eye structure photography. Van Herrick measurements were used to evaluate the peripheral ACD, the depth of the peripheral anterior chamber, and corneal thickness (CT), and the ACD to CT ratio was calculated. Subjects with peripheral ACD less than 0.5 CT were made follow-up appointments for clinical examination with gonioscopy. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were generated to show the performance of different tests in screening for primary angle closure disease (PACD). Results: 2528 adults participated in the study with 91 patients diagnosed with PACD. 2463 subjects had valid data in the right eye available for analysis. The mean peripheral ACD values for men and women were significantly different: 1.04±0.46 (range 0.11-2.93) CT and 0.87±0.41 (range 0.12-2.96) CT respectively (t=-4.18; P＜0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis reveals that peripheral ACD declined by 0.31 CT (P<0.0001) per diopter of SE and was 0.19 CT (P<0.0001) shallower in women than in men (r2=0.1304, P<0.0001). Peripheral ACD performed best in screening for PACD. Conclusions: Peripheral ACD measurement is recommended for PACD screening in community elderly Chinese.
Chronic Exposure to Ambient Particulate Matter Induces Gut Microbial Dysbiosis in a Rat COPD Model
Authors: Li Naijian , Yang Zhaowei , Liao Baoling , Pan Tianhui , Pu Jinding , Hao Binwei , Fu Zhenli , Cao Weitao , Zhou Yuming , He Fang , Li Bing , Ran Pixin
Published: August 2020

Background: The role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease following exposure to ambient particulate matter is largely unknown. We hypothesized that exposure alters gut microbial composition and metabolites and may involved in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods: Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to clean air, biomass fuel, or motor vehicle exhaust for 4, 12, and 24 weeks. Lung tissue was assessed histologically and gut microbial composition was assessed by 16S rRNA pyrosequencing. Serum lipopolysaccharide levels were measured and short-chain fatty acids in colon contents were quantified. Results: After a 24-week exposure to particulate matter, rats exhibited pulmonary inflammation and pathological changes characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The gut microbiome was characterized by decreased microbial richness and diversity, distinct overall microbial composition, lower levels of short-chain fatty acids, and higher serum lipopolysaccharide. Conclusion: Chronic exposure to ambient particulate matter induces gut microbial dysbiosis and metabolite shifts in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.