bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prädiktoren der Inanspruchnahme von kardiovaskulären und respiratorischen Notfallaufnahmen – welchen Einfluss hat die Umwelt?
Authors: Krefis Anne Caroline , Fischereit Jana , Hoffmann Peter , Sorbe Christina , Pinnschmidt Hans , Augustin Matthias , Augustin Jobst
Published: October 2019

Ziel der Studie In den letzten Jahren ist eine zunehmende Anzahl von Notfallaufnahmen zu beobachten. Unklar ist, ob neben einer Leistungsverlagerung vom ambulanten in den stationären Sektor auch andere Ursachen, wie sich verändernde Umweltfaktoren, relevant sind. Ziel der Arbeit war, Zusammenhänge der Anzahl kardiovaskulärer und respiratorischer Notfallaufnahmen mit Umweltvariablen zu untersuchen.

Methodik Hochkorrelierte Umweltdaten wurden in eine Faktorenanalyse einbezogen. Durch Kreuzkorrelationsfunktionen wurden die Umweltvariablen mit Zeitverzögerungen, die die höchste Korrelation mit der Anzahl der Notfallaufnahmen zeigten, in Modellanalysen u. a. zusammen mit Wochentag und Interaktionen berücksichtigt.

Ergebnisse Das finale Regressionsmodell erklärte 47% der Variation der respiratorischen Notfallaufnahmen, die Haupteffekte mit den höchsten Notfallaufnahmen am Montag zeigten (B=10,69; p<0,001). Für die Jahreszeit zeigten sich signifikante Einflüsse mit höchsten Notfallaufnahmen im Herbst. Die Daten zeigten keine direkten Zusammenhänge zwischen Umweltvariablen und Anzahl der respiratorischen Notfallaufnahmen. Ergebnisse der kardiovaskulären Analysen waren weniger aussagekräftig (R2=0,20). Ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen Wochentag und Anzahl kardiovaskulärer Notfallaufnahmen wurde identifiziert (p<0,001).

Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass der Wochentag den größten Einfluss auf kardiovaskuläre und respiratorische Notfallaufnahmen in Hamburg hat. Künftig sollen Umweltdaten auf Mikroebene erhoben und für weitere Analysen genutzt werden, um eine höhere Modellgüte und bessere Interpretierbarkeit zu erreichen.
Renale Denervation: Die Zeit ist noch nicht reif für den kommerziellen Einsatz
Authors: Menne Jan
Published: October 2019

Eine blutdrucksenkende Wirkung der renalen Denervation ist bisher nur in Studien mit kurzer Nachbeobachtungsdauer (6 Monate) gesichert. Der placebokorrigierte Blutdruckeffekt ist gering und beträgt systolisch 4 – 8 mmHg. Den gleichen Effekt erreicht man mit einer antihypertensiven medikamentösen Therapie, die nur einen Bruchteil kostet und wofür ein kardiovaskulärer Vorteil belegt ist. Auch ist derzeit unklar, wie lange der Effekt einer renalen Denervation anhält. Im Tiermodell ist eine rasche Re-Innervation dokumentiert. Daher kann zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt der Einsatz einer renalen Denervation nicht empfohlen werden. Mehrere Fragen müssen in randomisierten, geblindeten Studien zuvor beantwortet sein: 1) Wie umfangreich muss die Ablation sein und wie sind die Langzeitergebnisse nach 3 – 5 Jahren? 2) Führen unterschiedliche Ablationstechniken zu unterschiedlichen Kurz- und Langzeitergebnissen? 3) Gibt es Patientenkollektive, die besonders profitieren? 4) Werden die kardiovaskuläre Morbidität und Letalität gesenkt? Bis diese Ergebnisse vorliegen, bleibt die medikamentöse Therapie mit Fixkombinationen das Mittel der Wahl.
Reduced Expression of Chl1 gene
Impairs Insulin Secretion by Down-Regulating the
Expression of Key Molecules of β-cell
Function
Authors: Taneera Jalal , Dhaiban Sarah , Hachim Mahmood , Mohammed Abdul Khader , Mukhopadhyay Debasmita , Bajbouj Khuloud , Hamoudi Rifat , Salehi Albert , Hamad Mawieh
Published: October 2019

Silencing of Chl1 gene expression has been
previously reported to reduce insulin secretion.
Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying this effect
remains unclear. In this study, we performed a
serial of studies to investigate how Chl1
affects insulin secretion in INS-1 cells.
RNA-sequencing was used to investigate the
expression of CHL1 in human adipose, liver,
muscle, and human islets. Silencing of Chl1
in INS-1 cells was done to assess its impact on
the insulin secretion, content, cell viability,
and apoptosis. In addition, gene set enrichment
analysis (GSEA) was performed to identify possible
molecular signatures that associate with
Chl1 expression silencing.

RNA sequencing data revealed a high expression of
CHL1 in pancreatic islets and adipose
tissues compared to liver and muscles tissues.
Diabetic islets exhibited a lower expression of
CHL1 as compared to non-diabetic islets.
CHL1 expression was found to correlate
positively with insulin secretory index,
GLP1R but inversely with HbA1c
and BMI. Silencing of Chl1 in INS-1 cells
markedly reduced insulin content and secretion.
The expression of key molecules of β-cell function
including Insulin, Pdx1, Gck, Glut2,
and Insrβ was down-regulated in
Chl1-silenced cells at transcriptional and
translational levels. Cell viability, apoptosis,
and proliferation rate were not affected. GSEA
showed that the insulin-signaling pathway was
influenced in Chl1-silenced cells.
Silencing of Chl1 impairs β-cell function by
disrupting the activity of key signaling pathways
of importance for insulin biosynthesis and
secretion.
Targeting Nanotechnologies for the Treatment of Thrombosis and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Palazzolo Jason Sam , Westein Erik , Hagemeyer Christoph Eugen , Wang Ting-Yi
Published: October 2019

Thrombosis is characterized by the formation of in vivo blood clots that are localized within arterial or venous blood vessels. These thrombi form beyond the need for physiologically healthy hemostatic responses and can lead to significant medical issues for affected individuals. Unfortunately, the existing standard-of-care therapies for treating thrombosis are systemic in their therapeutic design; therefore, they interfere with the patient's physiological hemostasis. Examples of the severe clinical side effects commonly associated with currently available therapies include, but are not limited to, bleeding complications. Therefore, there is a profound demand for novel therapeutic interventions that can circumvent these debilitating complications, while offering improved therapeutic efficacy. Recent advancements in nanotechnology present an opportunity to develop novel and improved drug delivery systems to meet this clinical demand. Preclinical investigations have begun to uncover the potential of nanotechnology, particularly in the treatment of thrombosis and also in nonhemostatic cardiovascular diseases. This article reviews recent preclinical studies aimed at developing a diverse array of different nanotechnologies for treating thrombosis as well as heart diseases. This review will also outline the limitations with current nanotechnologies and what challenges need to be overcome to translate these novel therapies to the clinic.
Effect of etch-and-rinse and self-etching adhesive systems on hardness uniformity of resin cements after glass fiber post cementation
Authors: da Cruz Fernanda Zander Grande , Grande Christiana Zander , Roderjan Douglas Augusto , Arrais César Augusto Galvão , Samra Adriana Postiglione Bührer , Calixto Abraham Lincoln
Published: October 2019

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of etch-and-rinse and self-etching adhesive systems on Vickers hardness (VHN) uniformity of dual-cured resin cements after fiber post cementation.

Methods: Fifty glass fiber posts were cemented into bovine roots using the following cementing systems: Prime&Bond 2.1 Dual Cure and Enforce with light-activation (PBDC-LCEN); Prime&Bond 2.1 and Enforce with light-activation (PB-CLEN); Prime&Bond 2.1 Dual Cure and Enforce without light exposure (PBDC-SCEN); ED Primer and Panavia 21 (ED-SCPN); and Clearfil SE Bond and Panavia 21 (CF-SCPN). The roots were stored in distilled water for 72 h and transversely sectioned into thirds (coronal, medium, and apical). The VHN values of the resin cement layers were measured close to the post and to the dentin wall on the transversely sectioned flat surfaces. The results were analyzed by three-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post-hoc test (pre-set alpha of 5%).

Results: Most resin cements presented higher VHN values near the post than near the dentin
wall. The ED-SCPN group showed the highest VHN values regardless of the root third, while the selfcured
group PBDC-SCEN exhibited the lowest values. The resin cements from the light-activated
groups PBDC-LCEN and PB-LCEN showed lower VHN values at the apical third than at the coronal
third. The VHN values were not influenced by the root third in self-cured groups PBDC-SCEN, EDSCPN,
and ED-SCPN.

Conclusions: Depending on the product, bonding agents might promote changes in hardness uniformity of resin cements after post cementation. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:248-254)
Comparative analysis of rural poverty and inequality in the UK and the US
Authors: McAreavey Ruth , Brown David L.
Published: October 2019

Scholars on both sides of the Atlantic have grappled with the difficulties of conducting comparative research on rural issues in general, and on rural poverty and inequality in particular. Shortall and Warner have observed that “The UK-US dialog is highly illustrative of how seemingly similar situations turn out to be full of complexity and difference.” That complexity and difference can serve to turn researchers away from comparative collaborations. We begin our paper with an overview of some of the general differences (and similarities) between how rural scholars in the UK and US have examined poverty and inequality in rural areas. Analysis of the two welfare regimes in these countries provides the backdrop for examining specific aspects of deprivation for rural people and communities. Our paper draws on our experience as members of a trans-Atlantic research group to illustrate the type of organisational infrastructure that can support international, interdisciplinary collaboration. We conclude by offering suggestions for future comparative research. Our paper progresses earlier debates in rural studies on the challenges of doing comparative US-UK analysis.
Introduction to antiferromagnetic magnons
Authors: Rezende Sergio M. , Azevedo Antonio , Rodríguez-Suárez Roberto L.
Published: October 2019

The elementary spin excitations in strongly magnetic materials are collective spin deviations, or spin waves, whose quanta are called magnons. Interest in the experimental and theoretical investigation of magnons attracted many groups worldwide about 4–6 decades ago and then waned for some time. In recent years, with the advent of the field of spintronics, the area of magnonics has gained renewed attention. New phenomena have been discovered experimentally, and others have been predicted theoretically. In this tutorial, we briefly review the basic concepts of magnons in antiferromagnetic (AF) materials. Initially, we present a semiclassical view of the equilibrium spin configurations and of the antiferromagnetic resonance in AF materials with two types of magnetic anisotropy, easy-axis and easy-plane. Then, we present a quantum theory of magnons for these materials and apply the results to two important AF insulators, MnF2 and NiO. Finally, we introduce the concept of antiferromagnetic magnonic spin current that plays a key role in several phenomena in antiferromagnetic spintronics.
Femtosecond gas-phase mega-electron-volt ultrafast electron diffraction
Authors: Shen X. , Nunes J. P. F. , Yang J. , Jobe R. K. , Li R. K. , Lin Ming-Fu , Moore B. , Niebuhr M. , Weathersby S. P. , Wolf T. J. A. , Yoneda C. , Guehr Markus , Centurion Martin , Wang X. J.
Published: October 2019

The development of ultrafast gas electron diffraction with nonrelativistic electrons has enabled the determination of molecular structures with atomic spatial resolution. It has, however, been challenging to break the picosecond temporal resolution barrier and achieve the goal that has long been envisioned—making space- and-time resolved molecular movies of chemical reaction in the gas-phase. Recently, an ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) apparatus using mega-electron-volt (MeV) electrons was developed at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory for imaging ultrafast structural dynamics of molecules in the gas phase. The SLAC gas-phase MeV UED has achieved 65 fs root mean square temporal resolution, 0.63 Å spatial resolution, and 0.22 Å−1 reciprocal-space resolution. Such high spatial-temporal resolution has enabled the capturing of real-time molecular movies of fundamental photochemical mechanisms, such as chemical bond breaking, ring opening, and a nuclear wave packet crossing a conical intersection. In this paper, the design that enables the high spatial-temporal resolution of the SLAC gas phase MeV UED is presented. The compact design of the differential pump section of the SLAC gas phase MeV UED realized five orders-of-magnitude vacuum isolation between the electron source and gas sample chamber. The spatial resolution, temporal resolution, and long-term stability of the apparatus are systematically characterized.
Experimental demonstration of a continuous varifocal metalens with large zoom range and high imaging resolution
Authors: Guo Yinghui , Pu Mingbo , Ma Xiaoliang , Li Xiong , Shi Ruoyu , Luo Xiangang
Published: October 2019

Varifocal lenses find significant applications in telescopy, photography, and microscopy. Conventionally, a varifocal lens is implemented by changing the axial distance between multiple conventional bulky refractive elements. Recent progress in metasurfaces offers an alternative based on ultrathin and lightweight metadevices, but suffering from a limited zoom range (typically no more than 2×) or numerical aperture (typically no more than 0.3). Here, we experimentally demonstrate a continuous varifocal metalens in the microwave band, which can be continuously zoomed by changing the mutual angle between two combined geometric metasurfaces with the same design. The results reveal that a 3.5× zoom range is realized when the mutual angle increases from 20° to 90°, with changes of the focal length from 295 mm to 85 mm and numerical aperture from 0.56 to 0.92. Furthermore, the diffraction-limited focusing and high imaging resolution are experimentally demonstrated.
Self-assembly of a lateral quasi-Ohmic CuInSe2/InSe isotype heterojunction for flexible devices by pulsed laser deposition
Authors: Ji Huan , Xie Mingzhang , Zhou Jiaoyan , Wang Xiang , Jin Zhen , Jiang Kai , Shang Liyan , Hu Zhigao , Chu Junhao
Published: October 2019

The contacts between two-dimensional InSe films and metal electrodes play an important role in nanoelectronics flexible devices. Generally, there is a large work function difference between the Au and InSe films, which would form a Schottky contact to deteriorate device performances. Herein, we designed a lateral self-assembled CuInSe2/InSe isotype heterojunction on a flexible mica substrate by pulsed laser deposition, which could improve the contact performances between electrodes and InSe films. By combining the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy results, the In rich CuInSe2 and InSe regions could act as quasi-n+-n junctions for reduction of the contact resistance with electrodes. Compared to the InSe films with Au electrodes, the CuInSe2/InSe isotype heterojunction presents approximately half channel resistance and four times photocurrent values. Moreover, the heterojunction devices can still maintain relatively good performance under bending states by restraining the dark current. The present work proves the potential of CuInSe2/InSe isotype heterojunctions for flexible applications.
Slowing down plexcimons in exciton–plasmon multimode coupling nanostructrures
Authors: Chang Yun-Wei , Yang Hao , Yao Jie , Wu Da-Jian
Published: October 2019

We investigated theoretically the multimode couplings in a three-layered Ag nanostructure composed of an Ag nanodisk array, a dielectric layer with J-aggregates, and an Ag substrate. Strong interactions among the localized surface plasmons, the exciton resonances of J-aggregates, and the surface plasmon polaritons result into three new hybrid modes (plexcimons). It has been found that the dispersion curve of the middle-energy mode (MM) is much flatter than the other two and hence the group velocity of the MM mode is smaller than light in the whole band. We focused on the influence of the oscillator strength f of J-aggregates on the multimode coupling. The coupling in the Ag nanostructure grows weaker with decreasing f and the group velocity of the MM mode can be further reduced accordingly. Our work may provide an effective way to manipulate the group velocity through the multimode couplings between excitons and plasmons.
Work time and market integration in the original affluent society
Authors: Bhui Rahul , Chudek Maciej , Henrich Joseph
Published: October 2019

Does integration into commercial markets lead people to work longer hours? Does this mean that people in more subsistence-oriented societies work less compared to those in more market-integrated societies? Despite their venerable status in both anthropology and economic history, these questions have been difficult to address due to a dearth of appropriate data. Here, we tackle the issue by combining high-quality time allocation datasets from 8 small-scale populations around the world (45,019 observations of 863 adults) with similar aggregate data from 14 industrialized (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries. Both within and across societies, we find evidence of a positive correlation between work time and market engagement for men, although not for women. Shifting to fully commercial labor is associated with an increase in men’s work from around 45 h per week to 55 h, on average; women’s work remains at nearly 55 h per week across the spectrum. These results inform us about the socioeconomic determinants of time allocation across a wider range of human societies.
Autoimmune antibodies correlate with immune checkpoint therapy-induced toxicities
Authors: Tahir Salahaldin A. , Gao Jianjun , Miura Yuji , Blando Jorge , Tidwell Rebecca S. S. , Zhao Hao , Subudhi Sumit K. , Tawbi Hussein , Keung Emily , Wargo Jennifer , Allison James P. , Sharma Padmanee
Published: October 2019

Significance

A substantial portion of cancer patients treated by immune checkpoint (IC) therapy develop immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which result in significant morbidity and mortality. We sought to understand the mechanisms of these irAEs and to identify biomarkers to predict irAEs to maximize the clinical benefits of IC therapy. We screened plasma samples from patients who developed IC therapy-induced hypophysitis or pneumonitis against a cDNA expression library of the brain or lungs and directly identified autoimmune antibodies correlating with hypophysitis or pneumonitis. Our data suggest that these autoantibodies correlate with hypophysitis or pneumonitis and should be tested as the first predictive biomarkers for early detection, timely treatment, and close monitoring of these 2 potentially fatal irAEs.
A Survey Paper on Smart Parking System
Authors: Baron Sam B. , Lokesh Reddy A. , Prabhakar A.
Published: October 2019

Start your abstract here… As there is a development in surge hour gridlock especially in the midst of the apex hours of the day, it is difficult to stop the vehicle in the halting opening. To handle this issue we are proposing sagacious halting system. So we are proposing a Shrewd ceasing system which enables the customer to find the nearest halting domain and gives openness of halting spaces in that individual ceasing zone. It prevalently revolve around diminishing the time in finding the halting openings and moreover it keeps up a vital separation from the unnecessary voyaging. Along these lines it decreases the fuel use. This system uses Cloud Computing and Internet of things
Smart Irrigation and Tank Monitoring System
Authors: Kunal Kumar , Azhar Hussain Md. , Srinivasan N , Albert Mayan J.
Published: October 2019

Water, which is regarded to be one of the mostimportant part for the growth of plants in agriculture should be utilized properly. The paper is focused on the smart irrigation of farms as well as monitoring the tank automatically so as to make better irrigation system and tank monitoring which will be beneficial in conserving water and irrigating fields in a smart way. For this project purpose we are integrating different sensors like DHT11, Soil Moisture sensor Ultra sonic sensor, etc. These sensors communicate with the micro controller. Micro-controller perform its action as per its instructions. The proposed framework may prompt upgrade the cultivating rehearses, overcoming the water crises and developingan upgraded agricultural system for the country.
Li-Fi BASED REAL TIME VIDEO TRANSMISSON FOR PATIENT MONITORING SYSTEM
Authors: Hashwanth Saikumar K. , Akshay Teja K. , Ravi T. , Karthikeyan S.
Published: October 2019

The aim of this work is to achieve live surveillance of the patient using LI-FI (light fidelity). Lifi is an advanced and promising technology can be used in many medical applications. In this paper, a prototype of live video broadcast using LEDs is proposed. The prototype presented transfers the data with single LED, and is capable of illumination as well as data broadcast. Whole process is kick started by converting analog signal into digital form in transmitter section. LM359 IC amplifies video signal with two inverting amplifiers which possess high gain bandwidth and allows high frequencies and it is coupled to LED which accelerates the transmission process and it’s geared at high speed by receiving the high frequency video signal in digital form by a photo detector. The output from the receiver circuit is analog output given to television module using a RCA cable.
An Advanced Attendance Marking system using facial Recognition
Authors: Vamsikrishna Jarugula , Anudeep Kollipara , Jegan Antony Marcilin L. , Balamurugan V.
Published: October 2019

With advancement in computing and telecommunications technologies, digital images and videos are playing main role in the current information era. Human face is an important bio-metric object in image and video database of surveillance systems. Detecting and location of human faces and facial features in an image sequence is an important task in dynamic environments, such as videos where noise conditions, illuminations, locations of subjects and pose can vary significantly from frame to frame. An automated attendance system is used for marking human face recognition in real time for college to mark the attendance for their staff and students. Smart automated attendance marking using real time face recognition is a real world solution which comes with day to day activities of handling employees. Here multiple user faces are detected and recognized with the data base trained multiple texture based notability.
Incremental Frequent Mining Human Activity Patterns for Health Care Applications
Authors: Vignesh Krishna Sai G. , Sai Kumar Pavan , Viji Amutha Mary A.
Published: October 2019

Nowadays, there is a consistently expanding relocation of individuals to urban territories. Human services administrations is a Standout amongst the most difficult perspectives that is extraordinarily influenced by the immense deluge of individuals to downtown areas. In such change a great many homes are being with brilliant gadgets which create huge volume s of indexical information that can be dissected to help savvy city administrations. In this paper, we propose a model that uses savvy home huge information as a methods for learning and finding human movement designs for wellbeing applicati ons.for this we utilize visit design mining, bunch investigation and forecast to gauge and dissect vitality utilization changes the tenants behaviour. Since, individuals propensities are generally disti nguished by ordinary schedules, demonstrates in dividuals’ troubles in taking tend to themselves, for example, not planning nourishment or not utilizing shower/bath.our places of business the need to break down transient vitality utilization at mach ine level, which is straightforwardly identified with human exercises. This exploration utilizes the UK Domestic Appliance Level Electricity dataset(UK-Dale) time arrangement information of energy utilization gathered from 2012-2015 with time determ ination of six seconds for five houses with 109 app aratus from SouthernEngland.The information from shrewd meters are mined in the quantum/information cut of 24hrs, and the outcomes are kept up cro-sswise over progressive mining exercises.the after effect of distinguishing human movement desig-ns from machine use are displayed in points of interest.
Performance Analysis of Belief Propagation Polar Code Decoder
Authors: Karthick C , Vino T , Babji T , Naveen P
Published: October 2019

Attributable to their ability accomplishing execution and low encoding and interpreting intricacy, polar codes have gotten noteworthy consideration as of late. Successive cancellation decoding (SCD) and belief propagation decoding (BPD) are two mainstream approaches for disentangling polar codes. SCD, in spite of having less computational intricacy when contrasted and BPD, experiences long inertness because of the serial idea of the SC calculation. BPD, then again, is parallel in nature and is more alluring for low-dormancy applications. Nonetheless, because of the iterative idea of BPD, the required inertness and vitality dispersal increment straightly with the quantity of emphasis. In this paper, we propose a novel plan in light of sub-factor diagram solidifying to lessen the normal number addition the normal number of cycles required by BPD, which specifically converts into bring down inactivity and vitality dissemination. Besides, the equipment design for the proposed plot is created and contrasted and the best in class BPD executions for (1024,512) polar codes.
IOT Based Omni Directional Robot Control by Using ARM-Series
Authors: Hitesh K.N. , Kumar Reddy Juturu Manoj , Ilayarajaa KT , Joany RM , Vijayakumar V
Published: October 2019

On this research, controlling the omni directional mobile robot is divided by two controls, high level control which covers positioning and path tracking, also the low-level control which covers omnidirectional kinematic, speed control, heading lock and communication. This also covers thread management, priority fixation and stack memory fixation. Program is divided into several main threads, i.e., IMU, speed controller, communication and motion thread (kinematic). Stack memory configuration for the above threads can be allotted as IMU thread with 1024 bytes of stack memory, speed control with 512 bytes, motion management with 512 bytes, communication with 128 bytes. IMU execution time lapses for 5.6uS, speed control elapses for 19.7uS, whereas motion elapses for 11uS and communication elapses for 1.2mS. Robot’s low-level control which includes robot movement kinematic (e.g., heading lock, speed control etc) is required to support the predefined system and enhance the robot sensor’s response in navigation.
A Octa- Rectangular Slot Array based Patch Antenna for Multiband Applications
Authors: Karthikeyan V. , Raveendra Muddineni , Hemasri Challa , Praneetha Reddy Male , Harshitha B.
Published: October 2019

In this paper, a octa rectangular-slot array based patch antenna for multiband applications has been proposed. The operating frequency range of proposed antenna is 11-21.817 GHz in the X, Ku and K bands. This antenna designed with octa rectangular shaped slots on rectangular patch antenna. The FR4 (Flame Retardant)substrate material is used in this antenna, which has relative permittivity 3.66, relative permeability 1, loss tangent 0.0018 and thickness of 2mm.The design has been stimulated by using HFSS software. The performance of the antenna is analysed with the help of characteristics of return loss, VSWR, bandwidth, gain and directivity at each band. It gives resonance frequencies at 11.1GHz, 14.3GHz, 16.1GHz, 17.5GHz, 19.3 GHz and 20.3GHz.
Interaction between damage and time-dependent deformation of mortar in concrete: 3D FE study at meso-scale
Authors: Gambarelli S , Ožbolt J
Published: October 2019

Creep of concrete can be partly attributed to the time-dependent deformation of cement paste and partly to the interaction between load-induced damage of mortar (hardened cement paste) and its non-elastic deformations [1]. The heterogeneity of concrete and related interaction between load-induced damage and non-elastic deformation of mortar can have significant influence on the long-term response of concrete. Some aspects of the problem have been investigated in [1] through 3D finite element (FE) analysis of a concrete cylinder at meso-scale. The concrete is treated as a bi-phase composite material, consisting of coarse aggregate and mortar matrix. The constitutive law for mortar is based on the microplane theory, while the aggregate is assumed to be linear elastic. The results obtained for basic creep and shrinkage, at different levels of applied uniaxial compressive load (both separate and combined action) are reported in [1]. This paper mainly focuses on the effect of cyclic variation of environmental temperature and its interaction with the load-induced damage, basic creep and shrinkage of mortar. It is shown that with higher loading level the increase of time deformation of concrete becomes progressive and the variation of environmental temperature strongly influences time-dependent concrete response.
Impact of the pumping process on the properties of lightweight concrete
Authors: Arkhipkina O , Schuler B , Stipetic M
Published: October 2019

The distinctive characteristic of lightweight concrete lies in its combination of load-bearing and insulating properties. In order to produce this material using modern manufacturing processes such as spraying or printing, certain hurdles must be overcome. For example, a multi-component concrete has to be developed that is not only optimized concerning its rheological properties, but also takes into account the influence of the pumping process on its characteristics. Especially concerning the objective of a heat-insulating concrete, the pumping process has a decisive influence on the range of properties. For pumping applications, the system technology limits the largest grain size of the concrete mixture. This leads to very fine concretes or mortars, which react sensitively to the applied pressure. The occurring pressure-induced compaction leads to an increase in strength due to an increment in bulk density and the damage of lightweight aggregates. This, in turn, affects the thermal conductivity of the material. Based on a lightweight concrete developed at the Institute of Construction Materials at the University of Stuttgart, these challenges are highlighted and discussed in the following paper. The concrete was utilized for pumping and spraying experiments at a testing facility in collaboration with the Institute for System Dynamics, and the resulting thermal properties were examined at the Material Testing Institute, University of Stuttgart. Furthermore, the interaction between the employed system technology and the properties of the pumped lightweight concrete, such as consistency, strength, bulk density, and thermal conductivity was examined and analyzed. Results showed that the concrete properties reacted sensitively to different configuration setups of the pumping system and the conveyance line. Hence, a clear interdependency between the mix design and the employed machinery could be observed and has to be considered in future endeavours.
Using calcium chloride as an accelerator for Portland pozzolan cement concrete compressive strength development
Authors: Salain I M A K
Published: October 2019

The influence of calcium chloride (CaCl2) as an accelerator for the compressive strength development of concrete made with type I Portland pozzolan cement (PPC) as a hydraulic binder has been investigated. Natural sand and crushed stone were used as fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, respectively. The mix proportion of concrete, by weight, was 1.0 binder: 2.1 fine aggregate: 3.4 coarse aggregate and the water-binder ratio was 0.57. The calcium chloride added to the concrete mixture was 0%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% by binder weight. The compressive strength test was performed at 1, 3, 7, 28, and 90 days. The test results show that adding CaCl2 to a concrete mixture accelerates the development of compressive strength. The compressive strength gain was about 36–48% at 1 day and about 29–33% at 3 days, compared to control concrete. Moreover, it increases the compressive strength of PPC concrete about 3–16% at 28 days and about 7–19% at 90 days. The optimum dose of CaCl2 to accelerate the development of compressive strength at the early age and to produce the highest compressive strength in the long-term was about 1.5%.
Making sense of high dimensional concrete data – a statistical approach
Authors: Manoj A , Babu Narayan K S
Published: October 2019

Performance of concrete is dependent on a number of factors. It is difficult to understand the influence and interrelationship among these variables, when there are many. Dimensionality reduction techniques can yield the best possible data interpretation based on the variance in data, without loss of much of original information. This paper presents the application of dimensionality reduction technique for analysis of data and decision making in the field of Concrete Technology.
Benefits of greening existing buildings
Authors: Rahman M M
Published: October 2019

‘Greening existing buildings’ is an approach to apply the principles of green building to old and existing buildings with environment responsive and energy efficient ‘green features’ or devices, e.g. through retrofitting, as and when required. It allows considerable reduction of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission. However, the practice is not getting momentum, especially in Brunei. A study was therefore undertaken to generate and/or gauge the awareness of ‘greening existing buildings’, through identifying and assessing the key benefits of greening existing buildings. This paper presents the outcomes of 68 responses from an ongoing questionnaire survey of mainly clients and consultants. 15 benefits were identified, with “reduced energy/electricity consumption” topping the list, and “increase in building occupancy/usage rates” at the bottom. All the 15 benefits were found to be significantly important, both in the total sample, as well as in the groups of clients and consultants, and people with or without experience of green building. The two-way grouping also revealed that the above paired groups significantly showed their importance of different benefits in the same way. The outcomes are therefore considered as a general consensus of the respondents on the benefits of greening, despite some disagreements on the relative rankings of individual benefit by different groups of respondents. The outcomes are largely similar to elsewhere, and show a general awareness of the respondents to the overall benefits of greening existing buildings. Such outcomes are expected to inspire the clients to undertake more greening projects to demonstrate proven benefits. This is expected to help wider use of greening existing buildings in Brunei and elsewhere and thereby implement sustainable development.
Relationship between the construction costs and the reliability index of quay walls
Authors: Wesstein R , de Gijt J G , Heeres O M , Roubos A A
Published: October 2019

Structures, such as quay walls, have to meet a particular level of safety. Consequently, in the Eurocode standards, three reliability classes are distinguished, each corresponding to a target reliability index and set of partial factors. In this study, more insight is acquired into the relationship between the quay wall’s construction costs and the associated reliability index β. It appeared that the marginal costs of safety investments of quay walls are fairly low and in the same order of magnitude of the uncertainty of the estimate of the construction costs. Hence, it seems that the current reliability classes, as defined in the Eurocode standards, are non-efficient for quay walls. In addition, this study investigates the influence of the partial factors and three failure mechanisms on the construction costs and the reliability index. It was concluded that for the considered cases, the soil’s angle of internal friction strongly influences the construction costs and the β of the quay wall. Furthermore, it follows that economic optimisation in the probabilistic design of quay walls is possible by increasing the target reliability index of the failure mechanism ‘insufficient passive soil resistance’ and decrease the target reliability index of ‘yielding of sheet pile profile’.
The comparison of adding fly ash and Sinabung ash to limestone towards the soil improvement via CBR value
Authors: Hastuty I P , Roesyanto  , Rahman A F
Published: October 2019

Fly ash is categorized as pollutant produced from coal combustion, where the waste produced is around 4% of the total coal usage. This will be extremely dangerous since this waste is produced continuously. Mount Sinabung, which is located in North Sumatera, Indonesia, has erupted since 2010 and released a lot of ash pollution. Sinabung and fly ash can cause environmental and health problems for the people who live near the area. In the other hand, limestone is one of the building materials that can be used for soil improvement. When limestone with clay minerals reacts, it forms a strong and hard gel namely calcium silicate which can coat and bind clay particles and close the pore pores, so that it can reduce the soil plasticity index. This research analyzes the optimum CBR value and the optimum mixture. Variation of the mixture used was 2% and 4% limestone with the addition of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12% and 14% fly ash and 2% and 4% limestone with the addition of 2%, 4%, 6 %, 8%, 10%, 12% and 14% of Sinabung ash. The result shows that the mixture of limestone and Sinabung ash indicates the bigger value of CBR compared to the limestone and fly ash mixture. Furthermore, the largest CBR value was found in the mixture of 2% limestone and 8% Sinabung ash with 9.01%.
The shear strength alteration on clay soil considering the plasticity index and the percentage of fine aggregates in tropical climate regions
Authors: Tjandra D , Wulandari P S
Published: October 2019

Seasonal changes in tropical regions could cause variations of soil water content, especially in clay soil. Furthermore, there is a significance difference in shear strength between wet and dry clay soil which depends on the plasticity index and the percentage of fine aggregates. Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of the plasticity index and the percentage of fine aggregates in clay soil on soil shear strength changes due to water content variation. Soil samples were obtained from five locations in Surabaya City, Indonesia. The soil characteristics were tested in a laboratory to obtain the initial water content, Atterberg limits, specific gravity, and soil size distribution. The next stage was drying the soil samples. Each one was stored at room temperature to reach the determined soil weight. The shear strength of the soil in initial and drying conditions was determined by an unconfined compression test. The results indicated that the lower the moisture contents of soil, the greater the shear strength of soil, and vice versa. Soil shear strength changes up to 52 times within the range of 36% to 72% of moisture content The results also show that the value of shear strength variation depends on the plasticity index and the percentage of fine aggregate.
Effect of adding nano-calcined clay and nano-lime on the geotechnical properties of expansive clayey soil
Authors: al-Swaidani A M , Hammoud I , al-Ghuraibi I , Meziab A
Published: October 2019

The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of nano-calcined clay (NCC) and nano-lime (NL) on some engineering properties of the expansive clayey soil. Three soil samples quarried from three different sites in the south of Syria have been investigated. They were thermally treated up to three different levels (450, 650 and 850°C) for 3 hours. Then, they were ground to have a particle size of less than 100 nano-meter. Three replacement levels of NCC were used, i.e. 0%, 1% and 2%. XRD technique has been employed to detect the phases occurring in the clayey samples before and after the thermal treatment. Pozzolanic activity of the calcined clayey soil has been studied using the modified Chapelle test. Atterberg limits, compaction, free swell, swelling pressure, linear shrinkage, shear strength and CBR have particularly been investigated. Test results revealed the positive effect of NCC. Plasticity index (PI) was reduced by more than 50% when 2% NCC was added to the natural soil. In addition, 0.6% NL was added to further investigate the combined effect of NL and NCC on the properties of the clayey soil. All investigated properties were significantly improved when NCC and NL were added together, i.e. swelling pressure and linear shrinkage values were reduced to less than 15% when compared with those of the natural soil.
Thermal flow simulation for an energy garden building block
Authors: Ramadan Z , Garrecht H
Published: October 2019

Since energy-efficient construction is of great importance, new construction and rehabilitation methods concerning this topic will always be researched. Among these are of course, methods that benefit from solar energy. As part of the BMWi project (Federal Ministry of Economics and Energy) “SWIVT” several options of the energy consumption of residential building blocks will be explored. One of approaches to reduce the energy consumption of the building block and additionally to achieve the energy gain through the solar radiation is an energy garden building block (glass porch). The impact of this energy garden is depicted by means of CFD-simulations (Computational Fluid Dynamics) and will be analyzed in the paper [1]. For this purpose, an energy garden was modeled using an architect drawing and simulated in both winter and summer load cases. For the winter case, the difference in energy consumption between the glass porch and the thermal insulation composite system (ETICS) will be discussed based on the results of the simulation. For the summer, the heat generated by solar radiation in the energy garden can be utilized with the help of a heat pump.
Structural system identification of plane frames based on frequency domain decomposition-natural excitation technique (FDD-NExT)
Authors: Frans R , Arfiadi Y
Published: October 2019

Nowadays, system identification of structures has become an important subject in the civil engineering community. The reason is that with a good system identification method, modal parameters such as natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios can be obtained accurately, leading to an excellent structural health monitoring system. The two systems identification techniques are categorized as frequency-based and time-based domain identifications. In addition, the identifications based on the output-only measurements are gaining more attention from the researchers recently. One of the advantages of this type of identification is that the modal parameters can be obtained without knowing the excitation forces. In other words, it is not necessary to know the input load of the structures. This paper considers output-only identification based on Frequency Domain Decomposition (FDD) and Natural Excitation Technique (NExT) as FDD-NExt. FDD is one of the methods that relies on the output-only measurements such as displacement, velocity, or acceleration, in order to obtain the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the structures. On the other hand, NExT has good ability for determining the damping ratios of structures. This paper aims to apply the FDD-NExT to obtain the modal parameters and the damping ratio of plane frame structures. Two plane frame structures are considered in this paper to show the ability of the proposed method to predict modal parameters and the damping ratio of the structures. The first structure is a one-story frame with 6 degrees of freedom, while the second structure is a four-story frame structure with 48 degrees of freedom. For comparison, Modal Assurance Criterion (MAC) has been used to determine the difference between the modal parameters obtained by FDD and finite element analysis. The results show a good correlation between those two methods.
Dynamic behaviour of stiffened orthotropic plates subjected to Friedlander blast load
Authors: Alisjahbana S W , Alisjahbana I , Gan B S , Safrilah  , Putra J C P
Published: October 2019

The increase in the number of terrorist attacks have shown that the effect of blast loads, such as the Friedlander blast load on elements of a building structure is a serious matter. Their effects on the structure should be taken into consideration in the design of the structure’s element. The objective of this study is to numerically analyze the blasting effect on stiffened orthotropic concrete plates within the elastic range of its material. The effects of the stiffener configuration, the location of the localized blast load as well as the influence of the thickness to the vertical deflection of the plate are solved numerically by using the two auxiliary equations in the x and y-directions. The analysis yields the vertical deflection versus time relationship which can be used to determine the stress distributions and the maximum stress value of the plate. This paper introduces the effect of the blast load on the orthotropic plates and essential techniques used to increase the capacity of a structure’s element to provide protection against explosive effects.
Seismic performance analysis of multi-story RC frames strengthened with RC infill wall
Authors: Sukrawa M , Putra I G A K , Budiwati I A M , Salain I M A K , Susila G A , Pringgana G
Published: October 2019

Seismic performance of RC frame structures was investigated by creating 3-D models of the frame with additional solid RC infill wall along the height of Honolulu Building prescribed in FEMA design examples. Layered-shell element (LSE) was used to model the infill wall and gap element was introduced at the interface between the wall and the bounding frames. The modelling technique was validated against test results reported in the literature prior to its application on the 12 story building. The push over curves of all models were compared to obtain the most efficient model that conform to the strength and stiffness requirement of the seismic codes of Indonesia. The results showed that the non-linear behaviour of RC frame with RC infill wall can be modelled accurately using LSE and gap element. The RC wall addition improved the strength, stiffness and performance of the frame significantly. The most efficient model was that with infill wall up to the first 4 story levels in which, the performance of the structure improved from collapse prevention to immediate occupancy.