bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging features of suspected transitional cell carcinoma lesions involving the bladder, prostate, and urethra in a dog: a case report
Authors: Jin Wooseok , Lee Sang-Kwon , Bae Seulgi , Oh Taeho , Lee Kija
Published: December 2023

A 14-year-old, spayed female, poodle was presented with dysuria and hematuria. A mass that appeared hypoechoic on ultrasound and hypoattenuating on computed tomography (CT) extended from the bladder neck to the urethra. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed the mass invading the muscular layer of the bladder, urethra, and prostate with distinct margins. Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) was confirmed with the CADET-BRAF test. This study describes the CT and MRI features of suspected TCC lesions involving the bladder, prostate, and urethra. MRI showed superior soft tissue contrast resolution, enabling evaluation of invasion of the muscular layer of the bladder and urethra.
Crystal structure of dihydroxy(2,4,6-triisopro-pylphenyl)telluronium trifluoromethanesulfonate, C16H25F3O5STe
Authors: Shibuya Yuga , Mihoya Aya , Koguchi Shinichi , Oba Makoto
Published: December 2023

C16H25F3O5STe, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 5.8214(2) Å, b = 16.0059(5) Å, c = 21.9311(7) Å, β = 94.760(3)°, V = 2036.42(12) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0282, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0598, T = 293 K.
Sonderforschungsbereich 1574: Kreislauffabrik für das ewige innovative Produkt
Authors: Lanza Gisela , Klenk Felix , Martin Michael , Brützel Oliver , Hörsting Rick
Published: December 2023

Um Ressourcenverbrauch und Wohlstand zu entkoppeln, sind zirkuläre Muster notwendig. Der Artikel stellt die Vision einer Kreislauffabrik für das ewige innovative Produkt vor, die die lineare und zirkuläre Produktion integriert und mittels Produkt-Produktions-CoDesign Gebrauchtprodukte in aktuelle Produktgenerationen überführt. Hierzu ist die Erforschung von Fragestellungen aus den Bereichen Produktionstechnik, Produktentwicklung und Werkstofftechnik, Arbeitswissenschaft, Robotik, Informatik und Wissensmodellierung notwendig.
АКТИВНІСТЬ ВОДИ ВИСУШЕНИХ ЯГІД ЛОХИНИ (VACCINIUM CORYMBOSUM L.)
Authors: Петрова Жанна Олександрівна , Слободянюк Катерина Сергіївна , Кузнєцова Інга Вадимирівна , Граков Олексій Павлович , Вишнєвська Тетяна Андріївна
Published: December 2023

З кожним роком зростає вирощування та площі під насадження лохини. Лохина високоросла (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) через лікувальну та профілактичну здатність набула популярності у харчуванні населення України. Переробка ягід лохини для зберігання відбувається переважно заморожуванням, рідше – сушінням. Останнє обумовлено тривалістю процесу, оскільки застосовуються низькотемпературні режими зневоднення та наявністю воскового нальоту на шкірці ягід. Віск запобігає псуванню свіжих ягід лохини під час зберігання. Але суттєво перешкоджає її переробці. Крім того, ягоди лохини мають високий вміст вологи 81-87 %. Зменшення вологості шляхом зневоднення знижує активність патогенних мікроорганізмів, підвищує безпеку і подовжує терміни зберігання харчових продуктів. Водночас це призводить до зміни смакових якостей. У цьому напрямі одним з ключових питань є показник, що впливає на структурні властивості продукту, термін зберігання і залежить від природи та кількості компонентів розчинних у водній фазі продукту, а також від способів оброблення сировини, напівфабрикатів продуктів тощо. Відповідно, вирішальним є значення показника «активність води» (aw), від значення якого залежить не тільки формуючий показник продукту але й розвиток мікроорганізмів.
На основі попередньо проведених досліджень впливу способу попередньої обробки на кінетику сушіння лохини в залежності від різних режимних параметрів теплоносія було вперше визначено показник активності води висушених ягід. Обґрунтовано, що на показник активності води має вплив вміст таких сполук як білок, жирові речовини, цукри, флавоноїди, антоціани, барвні сполуки тощо. Вперше виявлено вплив режимних параметрів теплоносія конвективного та комбінованого (обробка інфрачервоним випромінюванням з одночасною конвекцією) при різній температурі теплоносія, який показав зміну значень коефіцієнта показника активності води для лохини сушеної. Розраховано коефіцієнти показника активності води та показано значний вплив проведення процесу сушіння на якість готового продукту. Отримані значення коефіцієнта показника активності води можуть бути використані для оцінки якості зберігання висушених ягід лохини та порошку з них.
ІННОВАЦІЇ КОМБІКОРМОВИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ХХІ СТОЛІТТЯ
Authors: Єгоров Богдан Вікторович , Макаринська Алла Василівна , Турпурова Тетяна Михайлівна
Published: December 2023

Тваринництво є ключовою галуззю у забезпеченні населення якісними харчовими продуктами тваринного походження, тим самим забезпечує національну продовольчу безпеку країни, та стратегічно важливою галуззю у загальній структурі сільськогосподарського виробництва, на яке припадає близько 20% загального виробництва. Згідно зі статистичними даними, щорічне споживання м’яса та м’ясопродуктів на одну людину за останні 15 років становило близько 55 кг, що на 25 кг менше від прийнятної норми (80 кг).
Україна має сприятливі умови для вирощування сільськогосподарських тварин та птиці. При організації виробничо-технологічного ланцюга виробництва продукції тваринництва, особливу увагу слід приділяти етапу виробництва комбікормів – максимально ефективно використовувати сировину, ретельно її переробляти, розширювати асортимент і покращувати якість продукції тваринництва для забезпечення продовольчої безпеки країни.
Наведено структуру формування ефективності виробництва продукції тваринництва та показано, що на ефективність виробництва тваринницької продукції понад 60 % усіх витрат впливає якість годівлі сільськогосподарських тварин: рівень організації технології, повноцінна годівля тварин, якість та безпечність сировини. Проблема виробництва якісної та безпечної тваринницької продукції вирішується шляхом впровадження інноваційних технологій, серед яких, насамперед, технології виробництва високоякісної комбікормової продукції. В основу цих технологій покладено досвід та знання багатьох вчених, фундаторів комбікормової галузі. В представленій роботі наведені матеріали щодо фундаторів комбікормової галузі, які внесли значний вклад в становлення та розвиток комбікормової промисловості.
Проведено скринінг розроблених та впроваджених інноваційних технологій виробництва комбікормів, які відіграють значну роль у підвищенні ефективності виробництва та якості продукції. Наукова школа «Наукові основи та енергозберігаючі технології виробництва комбікормової продукції» під керівництвом професора Єгорова Б.В. створює можливості поєднання теорії та практики, новітніх наукових розробок, які мають  вагомий внесок у підвищення конкурентоспроможності комбікормової галузі. Проаналізовано тенденції багатосторонньої діяльності наукової школи – видавництво підручників, навчальних посібників, науково-практичного журналу «Зернові продукти і комбікорми», проведення Міжнародної школи кормів, виїзних семінарів на підприємства галузі дозволяє здійснювати підготовку та підвищення кваліфікації професорсько-викладацького складу та інженерних кадрів.
Conjugates of 8-[2,2’-bipyridinyl]coumarins as potential chemosensors for Al3+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ ions: synthesis and photophysical properties
Authors: Sharapov Ainur D. , Fatykhov Ramil F. , Khalymbadzha Igor A. , Kopchuk Dmitry S. , Nikonov Igor L. , Potapova Anastasiya P. , Shtaitz Yaroslav K. , Slepukhin Pavel A.
Published: December 2023

In this work, we report the synthesis of novel coumarin-bipyridine conjugates using a sequence of C–C coupling reaction between 5,7-dimethoxycoumarins and 3-pyridyl-6-aryl-1,2,4-triazines followed by the Boger reaction with norbornandiene to obtain 8-[2,2'-bipyridyl]-5,7-dimethoxycoumarins. Photophysical properties were investigated for the obtained series of 8-[2,2'-bipyridyl]-5,7-dimethoxycoumarins: absorption and emission wavelength maxima are in the region of 212–296 and 401–410 nm, respectively; Stokes shifts are up to 116 nm, and fluorescence quantum yields are up to 15.0%. It was found that titrating the conjugates with Al3+, Zn2+, and Cd2+ ions results in an increase in the intensity of the emission maxima of the complexes, while the opposite effect was observed in the case of titration with Cu2+ ions. These findings suggest that the studied compounds may be considered as promising chemosensing materials. Finally, a positive solvatochromism of 8-[2,2'-bipyridyl]coumarins and their metal complexes was established. The experimental data are supported by mathematical calculations according to the Lippert-Mataga equation and Kosower diagram.
Georgii S. Bom — the founder of the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Military Surgery of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Authors: Egiazaryan Karen A. , Ershov Dmitry S.
Published: December 2023

Georgii S. Bom was the founder of the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Military Surgery of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University. In 2023 the Department celebrated its 90th anniversary. Prof. S. Bom was also one of the founders of the Moscow orthopedic school and specialized in the treatment of pediatric orthopedic diseases, as well as bone and joint tuberculosis. He developed a number of original surgeries, in particular, an intervention for hallux valgus, which was called «Bom’s surgery». He offered a classification of all types of clubfoot, which is still used in orthopedics. Prof. G.S. Bom is the author of several monographs and a large number of scientific articles.
Microsatellite instability in precancerous changes in the gastric mucosa
Authors: Parygina Maria N. , Rubtsov Vyacheslav A. , Ivanova Sofia V. , Shimanskaya Anna G. , Kononov Alexei V.
Published: December 2023

Microsatellite instability is a widely known and sought after tumor marker. Among other things, its prevalence and role in the development of gastric adenocarcinoma are being studied. However, the profile of microsatellite instability during precancerous changes in the gastric mucosa (atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, epithelial dysplasia) remains insufficiently studied. The purpose of this literature review is to assess the possibility of using microsatellite instability status as a diagnostic and predictive marker of precancerous changes and lesions of the gastric mucosa. A systematic review of publications in the PubMed database was conducted using a search query based on the combination of the terms “microsatellite instability” (“MSI”), “stomach/gastric cancer/adenocarcinoma”, “stomach/gastric dysplasia/intraepithelial neoplasia”, “stomach/gastric precancerous lesions” for the period from 1997 to 2023. Review articles were excluded from the search results. The systematic review included 11 relevant publications. Despite the lack of a uniform methodology and diversity in the study groups, all publications demonstrated an increase in the level of microsatellite instability in the range from normal (unchanged) gastric mucosa and/or its precancerous changes to gastric cancer: among precancerous changes in the gastric mucosa, the most common subject of study was intestinal metaplasia, where levels of microsatellite instability ranged from 0 to 53.3%, while its levels in gastric cancer ranged from 32.6 to 76.7%. The results of the studies included in the review may indicate a possible predictive role of microsatellite instability in precancerous changes in the gastric mucosa in relation to the risk of developing cancer.
Activity of enzymes destroying extracellular nucleotides in the tissues of rats with the valproate model of autism
Authors: Ivanova Daria V. , Khabirov Rinat A. , Ziganshin Ayrat U.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Ectonucleotidases hydrolyze extracellular nucleotides and thus can control the effect of these substances on purinergic P1 and P2 receptors.
AIM: To evaluate the activity of ectonucleotidases in the smooth muscle tissues of internal organs of 9-month-old rats with the valproate model of autism using high-performance liquid chromatography.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Autism was modeled in outbred Wistar rats by administering valproic acid (500 mg/kg) subcutaneously to pregnant females on days 12–13 of pregnancy. The born offspring were used in the study when the rats reached 270±8 days. Animals were guillotined under light ether anesthesia, the bladder, uterus, vas deferens, and duodenum were isolated, and smooth muscle tissue samples were prepared. Total ectonucleotidase activity was determined by incubating tissue samples with adenosine triphosphate (reaction substrate) for 10 minutes with further assessment of the content of the substrate and reaction products (adenosine diphosphate, adenosine monophosphate) in the incubate using high-performance liquid chromatography. Mathematical and statistical processing of the results was carried out using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 software. Group comparisons were made using the nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test. Differences were considered significant at p 0.05.
RESULTS: In rats with the valproate model of autism, the activity of ectonucleotidases in the smooth muscle tissues of the vas deferens (609.5±153.9) and uterus (232.7±2) was significantly lower than control values (2114.6±524.3, p=0.040; 539.6±63.5, p=0.010, respectively). In the duodenum (1808.4±184.5) and bladder (1021.3±280.7) we did not find a significant difference compared to the control values (2115.0±393.3, p=0.712; 2302.3±615.8, p=0.274, respectively). This study allows us to evaluate the possible contribution of purinergic transmission to the changes we found earlier in the contractile activity of smooth muscle tissue in rats with the valproate model of autism.
CONCLUSION: In 9-month-old rats with a model of autism, the activity of ectonucleotidases in the smooth muscle tissues of the reproductive organs is reduced; no such changes were found in the tissues of the intestines and bladder.
Un obispo, una catedral, un ajuar
Authors: Diéguez Melo María
Published: December 2023

Sergio Méndez Arceo (1907-92), séptimo obispo de la diócesis de Cuernavaca, resulta una de las figuras más significativas de la historia de la Iglesia mexicana. Formado en la Universidad Gregoriana y participante en las sesiones conciliares, promueve una intensa remodelación de la catedral de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción a los cinco años de su toma de posesión. El encargo recae en el arquitecto y benedictino Gabriel Chávez de la Mora (1929-2022), autor de un proyecto de reacondicionamiento litúrgico de gran modernidad para la temprana fecha de 1957.Mediante la documentación conservada en el archivo personal del prelado, los proyectos y dibujos del archivo del Taller San José Artesano y el ajuar litúrgico conservado en la catedral, el presente texto pretende acercarse a la figura de Méndez Arceo como comitente, atendiendo especialmente la relación con el arquitecto y su pedagogía pastoral respecto al proyecto de adecuación litúrgica de la catedral morelense.
Profile of multidrug-resistant bacteria causing urinary tract infections in inpatients and outpatients in Jakarta and Tangerang
Authors: Rosana Yeva , Herliyana Lina , Krisandi Grady , Anggraini Suwarsono Erike
Published: December 2023

Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by bacteria occupy the second highest rank of common infectious diseases in the world. Empirical use of antibiotics may give rise to multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria because of irrational prescription. Choice of antibiotics to treat UTIs is limited because of MDR bacteria. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the bacterial antibiotic susceptibility patterns in inpatients and outpatients in Jakarta and Tangerang.
Methods Bacterial isolates were obtained from midstream urine specimens from 43 inpatients and 43 outpatients with UTIs in Jakarta and Tangerang. Bacteria were isolated on blood and MacConkey agar media using colony count method. Isolate identification and their susceptibility patterns were performed using VITEK2 compact system according to manufacturers’ instructions. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test.
Results A total of 89 bacterial isolates consisting of 15 bacterial species were successfully isolated from 86 specimens. Gram-negative bacteria were the most common etiology of UTIs in inpatients and outpatients. MDR bacteria were found in 52 of the 89 isolates. ESBL-producing E. coli was the most common MDR bacteria. ESBL-producing E. coli and other MDR bacteria showed good susceptibility to ertapenem, meropenem, amikacin, and tigecycline. There were no significant differences regarding the MDR bacterial count in inpatients and outpatients (p=0.521).
Conclusion E. coli was found to be the most common MDR bacteria causing UTIs in inpatients and outpatients in Jakarta and Tangerang. Higher resistance to many antibiotics was found in MDR bacterial isolates in inpatients compared to outpatients. MDR bacteria in outpatient UTIs were highly resistant to commonly used antibiotics.
Investigation of heritage plants representing urban identity and the change in the urbanization process
Authors: ABACIOĞLU GİTMİŞ Esra , ALTUNKASA Mehmet Faruk
Published: December 2023

Historical textures of the cities are unique spaces exhibiting hundreds of years of urban identity and cultural heritage with all their components such as buildings, outdoors and plant materials. Therefore, historical animate materials are as crucial as historical inanimate ones to sustain urban identity. This study aims to reveal the heritage plants representing the urban identity and their temporal change in urbanization as an example of Kahramanmaraş's historical urban texture. The study was carried out in three stages: a) Identifying and mapping traditional public and civil architectures and carrying out spatial investigations on these samples, b) Creating a heritage plants album describing their use, purpose, and composition by identifying the sample areas, c) Determining the temporal changes in the use of the plants representing the urban identity through user researches. According to the findings obtained in the study, Olea europaea L. (81.9%) is the most representative plant in the city among the 29 heritage plants examined. In addition, 32 new exotic species have recently been frequently used in the city's green spaces instead of valuable heritage plants representing the city. Compared to the past, while there was no significant change in the purpose of creating a shaded and cool resting place in terms of intended use, the purpose of enhancing the visual quality of the courtyard/garden increased by 15.32% and obtaining products decreased by 29.8%.
ALDEANDO O INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO: FORTALECENDO RAÍZES E GERMINANDO SEMENTES
Authors: Silva Layane Gabriely Alves da , Andrade Daniel Everson da Silva , Santos Edgreyce Bezerra dos
Published: December 2023

Este relato de experiência tem como objetivo publicizar as ações desenvolvidas durante a realização do evento acadêmico “Maio Indígena”, ação extensionista desenvolvida no âmbito do Instituto Federal de Pernambuco - IFPE, e promovido pelo Núcleo de Estudos Afro-brasileiros e Indígenas (NEABI / Campus Pesqueira, IFPE). O evento foi desenvolvido com base na Metodologia participativa partindo de um pressuposto dialógico em que os organizadores e participantes tiveram voz e vez. Como resultados, tivemos um total de 227 participantes inscritos dentre eles alunos, servidores, indígenas e a comunidade externa durante os dois dias do evento. O evento foi exitoso ao cumprir com sua proposta de integrar a comunidade acadêmica e a comunidade indígena num processo intercultural.
Temporal radiosity method for 3D-scenes of arbitrary detailization
Authors: Alexander Stanislavovich Shcherbakov , Frolov Vladimir Alexandrovich , Galaktionov Vladimir Alexandrovich
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we propose an approach for calculating global illumination by the radiosity method that allows achieving high performance for a large number of patches involved in the calculations. Two key ideas of the proposed approach are the creation of proxy geometry based on axis-aligned virtual patches and the method of temporal radiosity, which uses the interpretation of form-factors in terms of probabilities. The combination of the proposed methods makes it possible to obtain a rapid update of global illumination for light sources changing their positions with image quality close to the naive radiosity method.
Methodological errors due to a non-cylindrical surface in a Jones-type cell with a removable center extension tube
Authors: Stennik Oleksii , Mikhal Oleksandr , Meleshchuk Dmytro
Published: December 2023

The article shows an idealized model of a Jones-type cell with a removable central extension tube. Two main factors leading to the cylindricity distortion of the inner surface of the cell are considered. These are radial displacement and tube diameter inequality. Based on the finite element method (FEM), errors in measuring the resistance of a liquid column caused by the non-uniformity of the current density distribution inside the cell were determined. The methodological error with respect to the idealized model was estimated for each factor separately and in combination. The Authors show that at a radial displacement of 0.6 mm, the error can reach 0.1 %. The same error value occurs when the inequality of the diameters is only 20 μm.
Application of Propofol Target-Controlled Infusion Combined with Etomidate in Painless Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Luo Huirong , Zheng Ting , Chen Andi , Lin Jingfang , Ye Peng , Chen Yingjie , Lin Mingxue , Chen Lifei , Chen Pinzhong , Chen Xiaohui , Zheng Xiaochun
Published: December 2023

Background
Propofol has been widely used in painless gastrointestinal endoscopy; however, it frequently leads to cardiovascular adverse events and respiratory depression. Propofol target-controlled infusion (TCI) can provide safe sedation but may require higher dosages of propofol. On the contrary, etomidate offers hemodynamic stability. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of propofol TCI combined with etomidate in painless gastrointestinal endoscopy.
Methods
A total of 330 patients from Fujian Provincial Hospital were randomly divided into three groups: P, 0.1EP, and 0.15EP. Patients in the P group received propofol TCI only, with an initial effect-site concentration of the propofol TCI system of 3.0 µg/mL. Patients in the 0.1EP and 0.15EP groups received 0.1 and 0.15 mg/kg etomidate intravenous injection, respectively, followed by propofol TCI.
Results
Patients in the 0.15EP group had higher mean blood pressure (MBP) after induction than the other groups (P < 0.05). Propofol consumption significantly decreased in the 0.15EP group compared with that in the other groups (P < 0.05). The induction time was longer in the P group than in the other groups (P < 0.01). The recovery time was shorter in the 0.15EP group than in the other groups (P < 0.01). The incidence of hypotension and injection pain was lower in the 0.15EP group than in the other groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the incidence of respiratory depression was lower in the 0.15EP group than in the P group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the satisfaction of the patient, endoscopist, and anesthesiologist was higher in the 0.15EP group than in the other groups (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that 0.15 mg/kg etomidate plus propofol TCI can significantly reduce propofol consumption, which is followed by fewer cardiovascular adverse events and respiratory depression, along with higher patient, endoscopist, and anesthesiologist satisfaction. Thus, this anesthesia strategy is suitable for painless gastrointestinal endoscopy.
Segmentation of Liver CT Images Based on Weighted Medical Transformer Model
Authors: Gu Qun , Zhang Hai , Cai Rui , Sui Si Yi , Wang Rui
Published: December 2023

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks have been developed in the field of medical image segmentation, although the existing convolutional structure in which the local information of the image is utilized improves the performance, but the dependency information between the contexts is lost. Therefore highly expresses the relationship between contexts using the multi-attention mechanism in the Transformer structureand applies the Transformer network architecture to medical CT liver image segmentation. Most of the models based on this Transformer structure require a large number of datasets for training, but for the medical field, the sample size of the dataset is so small that it is difficult to train the model of the Transformer structure, for this reason, a Weighted Medical Transformer (WMT) model is proposed. This weighting mechanism can improve the problem of inaccurate relative position encoding when the amount of data is insufficient. At the same time, the feature fusion of coarse-grained segmentation and fine-grained segmentation has the advantage of focusing on the inter-block dependency information in coarse-grained segmentation and the intra-block detail information in fine-grained segmentation. The experimental results of this model on the CT dataset show that the F1 score and Iou score are as high as 88.48% and 79.41%, and the accuracy is higher than that of uet++ and Axial Attention U-Net and so on. The method does not require a large dataset and has high execution efficiency compared to other methods.
Exploration of key genes and pathways in response to submergence stress in red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) by WGCNA
Authors: Shang Panpan , Bi Lei , Li Wenwen , Zhou Xiaoli , Feng Yanlong , Wu Jiahai , Zeng Bing
Published: December 2023

Background
Submergence stress is a prevalent abiotic stress affecting plant growth and development and can restrict plant cultivation in areas prone to flooding. Research on plant submergence stress tolerance has been essential in managing plant production under excessive rainfall. Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), a high-quality legume forage, exhibits low tolerance to submergence, and long-term submergence can lead to root rot and death.
Results
This study assessed the microstructure, physiological indicators, and the key genes and metabolic pathways under submergence stress in the root system of red clover HL(Hong Long) and ZY(Zi You) varieties under submergence stress at 0 h, 8 h, 24 h, 3 d, and 5 d. Based on 7740 transcripts identified in the leaves at 0 h, 8 h, and 24 h submergence stress, Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was performed on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 8 h and 24 h. Functional annotation of the DEGs in the four key modules was obtained. Based on the results, the red clover root system exhibited epidermal cell rupture, enlargement and rupture of cortical thin-walled cells, thickening of the mid-column, and a significant increase in the number of air cavities and air cavity area of aeration tissue with the prolongation of submergence stress. The malondialdehyde content, relative conductivity, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase initially increased and decreased as submergence stress duration increased. Four specific modules (cyan, purple, light cyan, and ivory) closely correlated with each stress were identified by WGCNA. The 14 obtained Hub genes were functionally annotated, among which six genes, including gene51878, gene11315, and gene11848, were involved in glyoxylate and dicarboxylic acid metabolism, carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, carbon metabolism, biosynthesis of pantothenic acid and CoA, flavonoid biosynthesis.
Conclusion
In this study, the molecular response mechanisms of red clover to submergence stress were elucidated, and the core genes and metabolic pathways in response to submergence stress were obtained, providing a valuable data resource at the physiological and molecular levels for subsequent studies of submergence stress tolerance in plants.
A way to mechanically activate a suspension of black truffle spores
Authors: Imidoeva N. A. , Malygina E. V. , Belyshenko A. Yu. , Dmitrieva M. E. , Shelkovnikova V. N. , Morgunova M. M. , Kulinich S.  V. , Vavilina T.  N. , Evstaf‘ev S. N. , Axenov-Gribanov D. V.
Published: December 2023

True truffles, or fungi of the genus Tuber, are among the most valuable, rare, expensive, and mysterious fungi on the planet. The reproduction of truffle fungi in the wild is a complex process that depends on many factors, for example, the presence of suitable host trees, as well as the optimal parameters of temperature, moisture, soil pH, soil symbionts, and other organisms. Successful production and reproduction of truffles require a large number of conditions to be met, primarily the release of their spores from ascii, germination under favorable conditions, and distribution in the environment. The present study aims to develop a method for mechanically breaking ascii in order to release the spores of black truffle. It is shown that homogenization by means of an immersion blender together with a vibrating chopper is a highly effective way to break ascii. The microscopic examination of the specimens at all stages of the experiment revealed that this method leads to the breakdown of at least 85% of ascii and the release of truffle spores. The use of centrifugation approaches enables the separation of black truffle spores from hyphal debris, fungal symbionts, and various associated organisms. Such spores can form mycelium on growth media. The study results can be used to prepare Tuber sp. inoculum and obtain their axenic cultures. Thus, the introduction of methods for releasing spores from ascii improves the efficiency of black truffle cultivation.
Changes in the germination and content of protein and gluten in the caryopses of hard and soft wheat under pulse pressure and prolonged storage conditions
Authors: Khramova Ya. I. , Nefed’eva E. E. , Belopukhov S. L. , Dmitrevskaya I. I. , Khramova V. N.
Published: December 2023

The study aims to identify the aging characteristics of hard and soft wheat caryopses without treatment and following treatment with pulse pressure created by a shock wave. The grain was treated with pulse pressures of 11 and 29 MPa. After one month and after three years, the caryopses were sorted into vitreous and floury types. The germination of control soft wheat caryopses decreased after storage, while after pulse pressure treatment and storage, it exceeded that of the control. The germination of control hard wheat caryopses with floury endosperm decreased after storage to a greater extent than that of caryopses with vitreous endosperm. Pulse pressure treatment reduced the germination of caryopses with vitreous endosperm. No change was observed in the protein content of control hard wheat caryopses following prolonged storage. In this case, pulse pressure contributed to the reduction in protein content during storage. The protein content of soft wheat caryopses with floury endosperm decreased after storage. In these caryopses, pulse pressure treatment contributed to better protein retention. Thus, the caryopses of hard wheat and soft wheat with vitreous endosperm were less susceptible to aging as compared to the caryopses of soft wheat and caryopses with floury endosperm, respectively. Pulse pressure damaged the vitreous endosperm, accelerating seed aging. It also contributed to the long-term storage of soft wheat caryopses without a significant loss of viability. Thus, it is possible to treat soft wheat grain to extend its shelf life.
Variations of streamflow and sediment yield in the Mosul-Makhool Basin, North Iraq under climate change: a pre-dam construction study
Authors: Rasheed Nisreen Jawad , Al-Khafaji Mahmoud S. , Alwan Imzahim A.
Published: December 2023

The Makhool Dam has brought much attention to the Mosul-Makhool Basin (MMB) in Iraq. Dam construction needs comprehensive studies on the impact of climate change on streamflow and sediment yield in watersheds that supply dams; however, there have been no such investigations conducted on the MMB. An ensemble of three General Circulation Models from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) with two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways scenarios (SSP2–4.5 and SSP5–8.5) was used to predict the impact of climate change. A distribution mapping downscaling method was utilized to improve the biased climate data. The results indicate that precipitation decreased by 9.5 and 18.7% under SSP2–4.5 and SSP5–8.5 scenarios at the end of the 21st century. The average maximum and minimum temperatures are projected to rise by 2.4 and 1.8 °C in SSP2–4.5 and rise by 3.5 and 2.8 °C in SSP5–8.5 during the study period. The streamflow is expected to decrease by 36.6 and 45.9%, and sediment yield will reduce by 46 and 55% within the same scenarios. Understanding the consequences of climate change helps to face abrupt climate changes to manage dam construction and treat water resources successfully. The results of this research are expected to contribute to improving water management strategies in the study region.
Temporal variation in glacier surface area and glacial lakes in glaciated river basins of Arunachal Pradesh
Authors: Murtem Rimum , Mandal Sameer , Nunchhani V. , Megozeno  , Bandyopadhyay Arnab , Bhadra Aditi
Published: December 2023

Climate change-induced glacier recession has sparked a dynamic transformation of glaciers in high-mountain areas worldwide, resulting in genesis, expansion, and dissipation of glacial lakes that pose a potential threat to downstream communities, underscoring the need for regular monitoring. This study incorporates the automated glacier extraction index to improve debris-free glacier mapping accuracy by reducing water and shadow area categorization errors using multi-temporal Landsat-5 Thermal Mapper, Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager, and digital elevation model (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) to obtain precise glacier extent. Waterbodies were delineated using thresholding techniques applied to water indices: normalized difference water index, modified normalized difference water index, normalized difference turbidity index, and slope information. The study attempted to map and analyze the temporal variations of glaciers and glacier lakes in the glaciated sub-basins of Arunachal Pradesh: Dibang Basin, Mago Basin, and Subansiri Basin. Glaciers receded at a shrinkage rate of 1.08% per year (1988–2017) in Mago Basin, 1.01% per year (2013–2022) in Subansiri Basin, and 1.42% per year (1995–2021) in Dibang Basin. Glacier lakes showed an increasing trend in number and area due to glacier melt, expanding at rates of 3.31% in the Mago Basin, 0.48% in the Subansiri Basin, and 0.68% in the Dibang Basin per year. Findings suggest that global climate change is likely the primary factor driving glacier changes in these basins.
Pistas de devir-criança do/da pesquisador/a
Authors: Habowski Adilson Cristiano , Gibbon Ratto Cleber
Published: December 2023

Este texto perscruta as linhas de fuga por dentro do dispositivo da redenção, servindo-se de pesquisas em torno do brincar das crianças na interface com as tecnologias digitais circulantes na área da Educação. Os conceitos utilizados nesse investimento analítico derivam de um olhar genealógico a partir de Michel Foucault. No dispositivo da redenção, identificamos que os discursos parecem reivindicar a escola como espaço para o exercício de brincadeiras antigas, tradicionais e como espaço de experimentação, para ‘melhor brincar com as tecnologias digitais’. Portanto, a escola como lócus de redenção! Neste texto, problematizamos que no agenciamento do dispositivo da redenção há também acontecimentos em potencial, virtuais linhas de fuga, brechas na normalização, que no brincar junto das e com as crianças, abre espaço para um devir-criança do próprio brincar, com o qual se atualiza a invenção de mundos.
New Solid-Solutions of Substitution Strontium (Sr) for Lead (Pb) in Apatite Structure
Authors:   College of Science, Al-Karkh University of Science, Hayfa Street, Baghdad 10001, Iraq, Abdul Jabar Mohammed A. B.
Published: December 2023

Strontium substitution for lead in Pb(8-x)SrxNa2(PO4)6 was analyzed using XRD, SEM, and Rietveld refinement techniques. All samples were synthesized using ceramic and semi-ceramic technologies. Pure apatite was formed in the composition from x=0.00 up to x=2.75. The results indicate that the samples’ collected compositions agree with the values calculated.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Sn(II) and Sn(IV) Ions Complexes Containing N-Alkyl-N-Phenyl Dithiocarbamate Ligands
Authors:   Chemistry Department, College of Science, Kerbala University, Iraq, Abbas Ali Wissam , Mihsen Hayder ,   Chemistry Department, College of Science, Kerbala University, Iraq, Guzar Sajid H. ,   Chemistry Department, College of Education for Pure Sciences, Kerbala University, Iraq
Published: December 2023

In the current study, ligands S2 donor atoms, sodium N-methyl-N-phenyldithiocarbamate [L1], and sodium N-ethyl-N-phenyldithiocarbamate [L2] are prepared from carbon disulfide with N-methyl aniline and N-ethyl aniline, respectively. Sn(II) and Sn(IV) ions complexes containing N-alkyl-N-Phenyl dithiocarbamateare prepared and characterized by CHNS elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 1HNMR-spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements. The analytical and spectral data show that the stoichiometry for all complexes is 1 : 2 metal to ligand. The spectral data confirm good coordination of dithiocarbamate ligand with the metal through sulfur atoms of dithiocarbamate moiety. Molar conductivity of complexes are measured using DMF as a solvent and indicated that the complexes of Sn(II) are non-ionic whereas Sn(IV) complexes are ionic. The ligands L1 and L2 and their complexes are examined against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and Escherichia coli bacteria.
Synthesis, Antimicrobial and Computational Studies of New Branched Azaphenothiazinones Derivatives
Authors:   Natural Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria, Ibeanu FideliaN. , Ezeokonkwo MercyA. ,   Departmentof Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria, Onoabedje EfeturiA. ,   Departmentof Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria, Eze Cosmas C. ,   Natural Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria,   Departmentof Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria,   Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27607, USA, Godwin-Nwakwasi Evelyn U. ,   Department of Chemistry, Gregory University, Uturu, Abia State, Nigeria, Okoro UchechukwuC. ,   Departmentof Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
Published: December 2023

In a continued search for new medicinally active nonlinear phenothiazines, novel angular chloroazaphenothiazinone derivatives have been synthesized via transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The structural elucidation of the synthesized compounds was established by a combined spectroscopic and elemental analysis. The synthesized compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococusfaecalis, Escherichia coli, Candida albican,and Aspergillus niger isolates by the convectional agar-well dilution method and compounds 5c and 8cdisclosed excellent in vitro activity against some of the tested microorganisms. In silico,the study showed that the synthesized compounds possessed promising physichemical properties and fit well in the active site of a Biotin-Protein Ligase (BPL) forming essential hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions.
Mentoring and metacognition—Interferences and interdependencies
Authors: Bocoș Mușata , Mara Daniel , Roman Alina , Rad Dana , Crișan Claudia , Balaș Evelina , Mara Elena-Lucia , Neacșu Mihaela-Gabriela , Costache Colareza Corina , Ioana Todor , Letiția Muntean-Trif , Monica Anca , Maier Monica , Tăușan-Crișan Liana , Triff Zorica , Triff Dorin-Gheorghe , Baciu Ciprian , Purcar Ana-Maria
Published: December 2023

This paper conducts a comparative analysis of mentoring and metacognition in education, unveiling their intricate connections. Both concepts, though seemingly disparate, prove to be interdependent within the educational landscape. The analysis showcases the dynamic interplay between mentoring and metacognition, emphasizing their reciprocal influence. Metacognition, often perceived as self-awareness and introspection, is found to complement the relational and supportive nature of mentoring. Within this context, metacognitive education within mentoring emerges as a vital component. Practical recommendations are offered for effective metacognitive training, highlighting its role in enhancing cognitive and metacognitive skills. Moreover, the paper introduces the concept of a “mentoring scaffolding system.” This system emphasizes mentor-led gradual independence for mentees, facilitating their professional and personal growth. The necessity of fostering a metacognition culture in education is a central theme. Such a culture promotes improved performance and lifelong learning. The paper suggests integrating metacognition into curricula and empowering learners as essential steps toward achieving this culture. In conclusion, this paper advocates for the integration of metacognition into mentoring and education, fostering self-awareness, independence, and adaptability. These attributes are deemed crucial for individuals navigating the challenges of the information age.
Comparisons between endoscopic and histologic evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract in dogs and cats: 75 cases (1984–1987)
Authors: Roth Lois , Leib Michael S. , Davenport Deborah J. , Monroe William E.
Published: December 2023

Observations made during endoscopic evaluation of the stomach, duodenum, and colon of 58 dogs and 17 cats with a history of regurgitation, vomiting, and/or diarrhea were compared with results of histologic examination of tissues obtained during the procedures. Endoscopic observations included normal mucosa, alternations in mucosal color and texture, and luminal masses. Although endoscopy alone is a useful technique for detecting alterations of the gastrointestinal mucosa, histologic assessment of tissues obtained is necessary to confirm either an inflammatory or a neoplastic process.
Decreased colostral immunoglobulin absorption in calves with postnatal respiratory acidosis
Authors: Besser Thomas E. , Szenci Otto , Gay Clive C.
Published: December 2023

The effect of postnatal acid-base status on the absorption of colostral immunoglobulins by calves was examined in 2 field studies. In study 1, blood pH at 2 and 4 hours after birth was related to serum IgG1 concentration 12 hours after colostrum feeding (P < 0.05). Decreased IgG1 absorption from colostrum was associated with respiratory, rather than metabolic, acidosis, because blood PCO2 at 2 and 4 hours after birth was negatively related to IgG1 absorption (P < 0.05), whereas serum bicarbonate concentration was not significantly related to IgG1 absorption.

Acidosis was frequently observed in the 30 calves of study 1. At birth, all calves had venous PCO2 value ≥ 60 mm of Hg, 20 of the calves had blood pH < 7.20, and 8 of the calves had blood bicarbonate concentration < 24 mEq/L. Blood pH values were considerably improved by 4 hours after birth; only 7 calves had blood pH values < 7.20.

Calves lacking risk factors for acidosis were examined in study 2, and blood pH values at 4 hours after birth ranged from 7.25 to 7.39. Blood pH was unrelated to IgG1 absorption in the calves of study 2. However, blood PCO2 was again found to be negatively related to colostral IgG1 absorption (P < 0.005).

Results indicate that postnatal respiratory acidosis in calves can adversely affect colostral immunoglobulin absorption, despite adequate colostrum intake early in the absorptive period.
Clinical evaluation of a cryptococcal antigen latex agglutination test for diagnosis of cryptococcosis in cats
Authors: Medleau Linda , Marks M. Amanda , Brown John , Borges Wendy L.
Published: December 2023

A commercial cryptococcal antigen latex agglutination test was used to evaluate sera from 20 cats with cryptococcosis and 184 cats without cryptococcosis. Cryptococcal antigen was detected in the sera from 19 of 20 cats with cryptococcosis. Antigen was not detected in sera from any of the cats without cryptococcosis. The test had sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 100%.
Prevalence and effect of subclinical ovine progressive pneumonia virus infection on ewe wool and lamb production
Authors: Snowder Gary D. , Gates Norman L. , Glimp Hudson A. , Gorham John R.
Published: December 2023

The prevalence of infection with ovine progressive pneumonia (opp) virus and its effects on ewe wool and lamb production were investigated in a flock of 2,976 ewes of 6 breed types (Rambouillet, Targhee, Columbia, Polypay, ¼ cross Finnsheep, and ½ cross Finnsheep). Prevalence of seropositivity was significantly (P ≤ 0.01) lower among Rambouillet and Targhee breeds (44 and 42%, respectively), intermediate in Polypay, Columbia, and ¼ cross Finnsheep (approximately 53%), and higher among ½ cross Finnsheep (62%). Seropositivity increased with age in all breed types from ll% at l year of age to 93% at ≥ 7 years of age. Lateral disease transmission is indicated by linear increase of seropositivity prevalence with increasing age, including that in sheep > 6 years old. Subclinical infection with opp virus had no apparent detrimental effect on number of lambs born, lamb viability, birth weight, number of lambs weaned, or growth rate of single and twin lambs, compared with findings for noninfected sheep in the same flock. Mature ewe body weight and grease fleece weight did not differ between subclinically infected seropositive and seronegative ewes. Subclinical infection with opp virus does not appear to have an adverse economic effect on ewe wool and lamb production. Culling rate attributable to clinical manifestation of infection with opp virus must be accurately determined before the true effects of virus infection on production can be determined and an eradication program can be recommended.
Infiltrative urethral disease in female dogs: 41 cases (1980-1987)
Authors: Moroff Scott D. , Brown Bonnie A. , Matthiesen David T. , Scott Richard C.
Published: December 2023

Forty-one cases of infiltrative urethral disease in female dogs were reviewed. The cause was epithelial neoplasia in 29 dogs, granulomatous (chronic active) urethritis in 10 dogs, and leiomyoma in 2 dogs. Clinical signs of disease were similar in dogs with neoplastic and inflammatory disease and included strangury (36/41), hematuria (30/41), pollakiuria (20/41), vaginal discharge (16/41), and complete urinary obstruction (7/41). Results of aspiration biopsy of the urethra correlated with those of surgical biopsy in 11 of 15 dogs. In 4 of 15 dogs, results of cytologic and histologic examinations differed. Granulomatous (chronic active) urethritis is an infiltrative urethral disease in female dogs. Clinical findings are similar, but the prognosis is more favorable than that in dogs with urethral epithelial neoplasia.