bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First record of margay (Leopardus wiedii) in the Sierra Monte Negro State Reserve, Morelos, México: the importance of low deciduous forest relicts for conserving the species
Authors: Vera-García Zuri Samuel , Fuentes-Vargas Liliana , Weston-Flores Mariam , Uriostegui-Velarde Juan Manuel
Published: July 2024

El tigrillo o margay (Leopardus wiedii) es un pequeño félido silvestre que se distribuye desde México hasta Sudamérica, principalmente en ambientes tropicales y templados.  En Morelos se tiene registro previo de su presencia en 2 áreas naturales protegidas federales, el Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Corredor Biológico Chichinautzin Fracción I (APFF CBC), al norte y la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Huautla (REBIOSH), al sur.  Con la finalidad de obtener información sobre la presencia de mamíferos silvestres en la Reserva Estatal Sierra Monte Negro (RESMN), se realizó un monitoreo a través de cámaras-trampa.  La RESMN es un Área Natural Protegida de carácter estatal de gran importancia debido a su papel potencial como corredor biológico entre el APFF CBC y la REBIOSH.  Sin embargo, pocos estudios se han realizado sobre las especies de mamíferos silvestres que se distribuyen en la RESMN.  El monitoreo se llevó a cabo entre noviembre de 2020 y noviembre de 2021, colocando un total de 10 estaciones de monitoreo con cámaras-trampa, con un esfuerzo de muestreo acumulado de 3,650 días-trampa.  Se obtuvo el registro de 1 individuo de margay en 2 estaciones de monitoreo entre los meses de noviembre de 2020 y abril de 2021, por lo que al menos durante la temporada de estiaje el individuo hizo uso de la RESMN.  La presencia de este individuo de margay muestra la importancia de la RESMN, la cual puede estar actuando como hábitat y/o corredor para estos felinos.
Sand consumption by Hoffmann´s two-toed sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni) at Cahuita National Park, Costa Rica
Authors: Durán-Apuy Alejandro , Mora José Manuel
Published: July 2024

El lamido de minerales ha sido reportado en la mayoría de los taxones de mamíferos herbívoros; sin embargo, la frecuencia de uso de saladeros por los Pilosa es rara.  El perezoso de dos dedos (Choloepus hoffmanni), una especie herbívora de Pilosa, es nocturna y arborícola.  Presentamos el primer caso de consumo de arena salina por parte de este perezoso en Costa Rica.  Las observaciones tuvieron lugar en el Parque Nacional Cahuita, Limón, Costa Rica, el 11 de octubre de 2022, a las 21:20 hr.  Observamos a un perezoso colgando de la base de un árbol de manzana de agua (Syzygium malaccense), con la cabeza apuntando hacia abajo al ser descubierto.  Se tomaron fotografías y notas durante el evento.  El perezoso se suspendió firmemente de una rama lateral del tronco principal del árbol.  En esta posición, acercó su hocico casi al contacto con el suelo y procedió a lamer la arena salina varias veces.  La secuencia de acciones, incluida la suspensión de la rama, el lamer intermitente y la reanudación de la escalada, transcurrió en un lapso de aproximadamente 5 minutos.  El caso que presentamos aquí involucra el consumo de arena salina en vez de lamer rocas.  Nuestras observaciones se llevaron a cabo durante la noche, cuando potenciales depredadores de perezosos están activos.  Se necesita investigación fundamental adicional para comprender estos aspectos básicos de los perezosos.  Lamer minerales por parte de los perezosos podría ser una conducta infrecuente, aunque esencial para proporcionar a los individuos nutrientes vitales.
Record of alopecia in the bat Artibeus jamaicensis in Córdoba, Veracruz, México
Authors: Hernández-Aguilar Itandehui , Lorenzo Consuelo , Bolaños-Citalán Jorge , Tapia-Ramírez Gloria , Hernández-Montero Jesús R.
Published: July 2024

La alopecia es la pérdida parcial o total del pelo de un mamífero.  Esta condición ha sido reportada en 38 especies de murciélagos de 6 familias.  El objetivo de este reporte es documentar la presencia de alopecia en un individuo de Artibeus jamaicensis en el estado de Veracruz, sureste de México.  El 25 de septiembre de 2022, durante una salida de campo, dentro de un proyecto para evaluar áreas de riesgo zoonótico en el Neotrópico mexicano, se capturaron roedores y murciélagos en la selva mediana subperenifolia con cafetal bajo sombra en la localidad periurbana de Berlín en el municipio de Córdoba, Veracruz, México.  Se capturaron 40 murciélagos de distintas especies, de ellos, un A. jamaicensis macho adulto sin evidencia de actividad reproductiva presentó alopecia en la zona de la cabeza, cuello, hombro derecho y tórax.  El área del tórax con alopecia estaba acompañada de una lesión de aspecto gelatinoso que en su margen presentaba una costra de color amarillento.  Este reporte representa el primer registro de alopecia en murciélagos en Veracruz y el segundo de A. jamaicensis en México.  Es probable que la alopecia en el individuo A. jamaicensis se haya presentado como consecuencia de una lesión en el tórax que se extendió a otras partes de su cuerpo; también es posible que se deba a una infección bacteriana o fúngica.
ABORDAGEM DE NOMES GEOGRÁFICOS COMO FÓSSEIS LINGUÍSTICOS DE NOMES DE LOGRADOUROS NO CENTRO DA CIDADE DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Rios Talita da Silva Cordeiro , Santos Cláudio João Barreto dos , Silva Sonia Maria Lima
Published: July 2024

A nominação de lugares acompanha a atividade humana desde tempos imemoriais. A nomeação de seres humanos e dos lugares permite sua individualização e consequente identificação unívoca, constituindo um plano fundamental do processo de desenvolvimento da sociedade atual, o estudo e conhecimento das cidades. O crescimento exponencial dos centros urbanos torna indispensável uma reflexão sobre o seu passado e evolução presente, bem como a compreensão aprofundada sobre os elementos dinâmicos que podem assegurar a sua continuidade futura.  Partindo-se do conceito de fóssil linguístico, esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a evolução de alguns topônimos pertencentes a um recorte territorial do centro da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, bem como as modificações de denominação da geonímia ao longo da linha do tempo. A metodologia envolveu: 1) pesquisa em documentos históricos de nomes geográficos de logradouros; 2) definição do recorte temporal; 3) levantamento de amostra de endereços; e 4) levantamento cartográfico dos endereços antigos; 5) levantamento da legislação pertinente.  Os resultados mostraram que as ruas passaram por importantes alterações ou permanências de nomes geográficos, sendo as escolhas representativas da mentalidade dos ocupantes, demonstrando a real possibilidade da utilização de nomes geográficos como verdadeiros fósseis linguísticos.
How to successfully embed roles using the additional roles reimbursement scheme
Authors: Humphrey Tara
Published: July 2024

Tara Humphrey explains the additional roles reimbursement scheme and looks at the key factors within primary care networks which are necessary to ensure effective hiring and successful outcomes using the scheme.
Asylum transfer reforms prompt questions over commissioning
Authors: Weinstein Nicole
Published: July 2024

Changes to timeframes and thresholds for the National Transfer Scheme for unaccompanied asylum-seeking children are ‘not enough’ say local authorities struggling to find and fund suitable places for new arrivals
SULFASALAZINE
Authors: Rees Sharon
Published: July 2024

In this column, Sharon Rees aims to refresh knowledge and interest in some of the commonly used drugs in a series of posts on X. This month she is talking about #sulfasalazine
Medicines adherence
Authors: Robertson Deborah
Published: July 2024

Deborah Robertson provides an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to non-medical prescribers. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided
Prescribing hepatitis A vaccines in the UK
Authors: Gawthrop Mary
Published: July 2024

Hepatitis A is a liver infection caused by a virus that is spread by eating or drinking contaminated food and water or from direct contact (including some types of sexual contact) with an infected person. Hepatitis A virus infection causes liver inflammation that usually results in a mild illness. More rarely, severe symptoms with the potential to develop into liver failure can occur. UK health professionals involved in prescribing hepatitis A vaccines should make sure they are familiar with appropriate vaccine guidance and use current UK hepatitis A vaccine recommendations for international travel as part of their risk assessment. Although most people respond well to the hepatitis A vaccine, the importance of food and water hygiene should still be emphasised to all UK travellers visiting hepatitis A endemic areas.
Properties of Cementitious Composite Reinforced with Recycled Pulp from Beverage Cartons
Authors: Xaysombath Phouthanouthong ,   Materials Innovation Graduate Program, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand, Soykeabkaew Nattakan , Wattanasiriwech Darunee , Wattanasiriwech Suthee ,   Center of Innovative Materials for Sustainability, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.,   Materials Innovation Graduate Program, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand,   Materials Innovation Graduate Program, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
Published: July 2024

This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of the refining level of recycled pulp from beverage cartons (RPBC) on the properties of its cementitious composite. The RPBC with various freeness levels, ranging from 400 to 650 mL of the Canadian Standard Freeness test method (CSF), was prepared using a high-speed fruit blender. The specimens were formed by the slurry de-watering method with 8wt% fiber content and mortar matrix with a sand-to-cement ratio of 1:1. The key findings reveal that the cementitious composites reinforced with the RPBC exhibited a maximum value of flexural strength of 11.17 MPa and the freeness of 550 mL CSF. The fracture toughness values of the RPBC composites were significantly improved compared to that of the control specimen. However, the values decreased by about 14% to 20 % as the freeness reduced from 650 to 400 mL CSF. The bulk density and porosity of the RPBCC were not significantly affected by the freeness of RPBC.
Making Sense of Early Gauḍīya Vaiṣṇava Mystical Theology: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of History and Mysticism
Authors: Chilcott Travis
Published: July 2024

Jīva Gosvāmin (16th-17th c.), one of the most important of the early Gauḍīya Vaiṣṇava theologians, argues for a unique theory of mystical pluralism that shares critical parallels with the highly influential constructivist thesis advanced by Steven Katz, albeit separated by more than four hundred years. These parallels suggest a shared insight into the cognitive dynamics underpinning mystical experiences, which research on cognition and learning, conceptual processing, and perception helps explain. These researches suggest the practices with which Jīva is concerned serve as learning strategies that help one increasingly learn and internalize a particular conception of divine reality, what it is like to experience it, and an expectation that one will experience it. As these become increasingly internalized, they influence one’s perceptions and experiences relative to what one has learned, creating favorable conditions for the emergence of experiences that reflect, at least to some extent, what one expects to experience.
Efficient infrared nonuniform correction method considering optical attenuator and integration time
Authors: Gu Mu , Li Sujun , Peng Xiang , Ren Qifeng , Zhou Jinmei , Liao Sheng
Published: July 2024

With the increasing number of optical attenuators and integration times in infrared imaging systems, this paper proposes an efficient nonuniform correction method that addresses drawbacks of complex operations and coefficient storage with traditional two-point nonuniform correction methods. First, the efficient nonuniform correction model was derived through the response model of the infrared imaging system with variable attenuators and integration times, which can achieve nonuniform correction of all attenuators and integration times using a correction equation. Based on the model, the efficient nonuniformity correction algorithm using a small number blackbody images was proposed. Finally, the experimental results show that the method has excellent nonuniformity correction performance. Compared with the two-point correction method, the maximum nonuniformity is reduced from 3.7% for the two-point method to 2.2% for the proposed method. In the meantime, the proposed method can greatly reduce the correction time and the number of blackbody temperature sampling points. Moreover, for the infrared imaging system with five integral times and three attenuators in this paper, the two-point method requires 30 correction coefficients, while the proposed method only requires eight correction coefficients. It reduces the required correction coefficients by about three times, achieving efficient and fast nonuniform correction.
Genetic algorithm optimized microstructure to enhance waveguide light coupling efficiency at normal incidences
Authors: Wang Jianwei , Gu Yitong , Yu Fei , Yu Chunlei , Hu Lili , Wang Ning
Published: July 2024

The recent trend to place well-designed photonic structures on waveguides is capable of effectively enhancing waveguides properties. One typical example is a nanostructure-empowered waveguide targeted for efficient light coupling. However, conceiving the high-freedom structures is a time-consuming and labor-intensive process, where an ineffective workflow limits the development of photonic microstructures. To address this issue, we deploy a genetic algorithm to customize structures in order to improve the coupling coefficients under predetermined situations (i.e., normal incidence combined with two polarizations). Three types of micropatterns are first conceived in the periodical model and then fully characterized on the real waveguide sizes. The simulated data reveal that the 550–1650 nm average coupling efficiencies of structure-enabled waveguides are raised by about 2% in contrast to the bare case, and the lineshapes are also flattened thanks to the grating modifications. In short, our solution underlines the role of an algorithm-developed nanostructure to lift waveguide coupling coefficients. By integrating well-engineering patterns, the waveguide-based probes may find a multitude of usages for weak signal detection and communication systems.
Ultra-high extinction ratio polarization beam splitter using an antisymmetric grating-assisted multimode waveguide
Authors: Xu ZhengYing , Tu Bin , Liu Hao
Published: July 2024

We have proposed and demonstrated a polarization beam splitter (PBS) with an ultra-high extinction ratio (ER) utilizing an antisymmetric grating-assisted multimode waveguide (AGMW) and an asymmetric directional coupler (ADC) on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. The AGMW structure is designed to facilitate the conversion of the forward TE0 mode into the backward TE1 mode. Upon injection of the TE0 mode, it transforms into the backward TE1 mode, subsequently undergoing conversion back to a TE0 mode through the ADC and ultimately dropping out from the designated port. In contrast, the injected TM0 mode traverses the device with minimal impact. The simulation results indicate that, for the TE0 mode, a bandwidth of 70 nm with an insertion loss (IL) below 0.65 dB and an ER over 40 dB is achieved. Similarly, for the TM0 mode, the bandwidth with the IL below 0.13 dB and an ER over 40 dB is 90 nm. Experimental validation confirms that, within the measured wavelength range from 1500 to 1580 nm, the bandwidth with an ER exceeding 30 dB is 61 nm for the TE0 mode and 78 nm for the TM0 mode.
Design of a water vapor spectroscopy system for Raman lidar based on sampled fiber Bragg grating
Authors: Gong Xin , Li Hui , Zhang Ruizhao , Xiu Delong , Mao Jiandong , Zhao Hu , Zhou Chunyan , Rao Zhimin
Published: July 2024

Aiming to minimize the interference of Mie-Rayleigh scattering and solar background light on the water vapor Raman lidar, this study proposes a multi-cascade water vapor spectroscopy system based on sampling fiber Bragg grating (SFBG) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The proposed system uses the principle of Raman lidar to detect water vapor. The parameters affecting the SFBG’s performance are optimized by the matrix transmission method, and the SFBG performance parameters with high reflectivity and narrow bandwidth at specific wavelengths are obtained. According to the simulation results of the signal strength of each channel, the water vapor backscattering signal is 50 dB and 30 dB stronger than the Mie-Rayleigh scattering and solar background light, respectively. At a signal-to-noise ratio of 10, the detection altitude during the day is 6 km. The results also indicate that the proposed spectroscopy system has stable spectroscopy performance and miniaturized volume, providing a new solution for the development of vehicle-mounted and airborne lidar.
Nonlinear Schröodinger Equation (NLSE) Approximation using Split-Step Fourier (SSF)
Authors: Riskillah Muhammad Ananda
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation (NLSE) through a combination of analytical and numerical approaches to understand soliton dynamics in nonlinear media. The analytical methods involve the use of the Ansatz technique to derive exact solutions of the NLSE, emphasizing the role of nonlinearity in modulating wave propagation. These solutions illustrate the interplay between dispersive and nonlinear effects essential for soliton formation and stability. Numerical simulations are conducted using the Split Step Fourier method, which effectively handles the temporal evolution of solitons under various initial conditions. The numerical results highlight the stability and robustness of solitons, confirming the analytical predictions. Additionally, the error analysis between analytical and numerical solutions underscores the importance of accurate initial conditions, revealing consistent error patterns attributable to initial guess discrepancies. The comprehensive analysis provided by both methods demonstrates the NLSE's capability to model intricate wave phenomena, making it applicable to diverse physical systems, including optical fibers and Bose-Einstein condensates. This combined approach offers valuable insights into the fundamental characteristics of solitons and their stability criteria, enhancing our understanding of nonlinear wave dynamics.
Phase space framework enables a variable-scale diffraction model for coherent imaging and display
Authors: Li Zhi , Luo Xuhao , Wang Jing , Yuan Xin , Teng Dongdong , Song Qiang , Duan Huigao
Published: July 2024

The fast algorithms in Fourier optics have invigorated multifunctional device design and advanced imaging technologies. However, the necessity for fast computations limits the widely used conventional Fourier methods, where the image plane has a fixed size at certain diffraction distances. These limitations pose challenges in intricate scaling transformations, 3D reconstructions, and full-color displays. Currently, the lack of effective solutions makes people often resort to pre-processing that compromises fidelity. In this paper, leveraging a higher-dimensional phase space method, a universal framework is proposed for customized diffraction calculation methods. Within this framework, a variable-scale diffraction computation model is established for adjusting the size of the image plane and can be operated by fast algorithms. The model’s robust variable-scale capabilities and its aberration automatic correction capability are validated for full-color holography, and high fidelity is achieved. The tomography experiments demonstrate that this model provides a superior solution for holographic 3D reconstruction. In addition, this model is applied to achieve full-color metasurface holography with near-zero crosstalk, showcasing its versatile applicability at nanoscale. Our model presents significant prospects for applications in the optics community, such as beam shaping, computer-generated holograms (CGHs), augmented reality (AR), metasurface optical elements (MOEs), and advanced holographic head-up display (HUD) systems.
Are healthy ageing trajectories suitable to identify rehabilitation needs of the ageing population? An exploratory study using ATHLOS cohort data
Authors: Sabariego Carla , Hodel Jsabel , Seijas Vanessa , Rodriguez-Laso Angel , Bickenbach Jerome , Ehrmann Cristina
Published: July 2024

Background

The ageing process is highly heterogeneous leading to diverse ageing trajectories. Such trajectories have been modelled to study trends and determinants of ageing and could potentially be used to inform the planning of rehabilitation services at population level. The objective of this paper was to explore whether healthy ageing trajectories are suitable to identify targets for rehabilitation interventions for the ageing population.

Methods

Data from the Ageing Trajectories of Health: Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies (ATHLOS) harmonized cohort and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), which is included in ATHLOS, were used. Growth mixture models were implemented to replicate healthy ageing trajectories modelled elsewhere as ’high stable’, ’low stable’, and ’rapid decline’. Regularized partial correlation networks were used to estimate expected-influence and bridge expected-influence centrality measures.

Results

Healthy ageing trajectories modelled with ATHLOS (N = 131116) and ELSA (N = 14904) were consistent with previous work. At the first individual wave, prevalence of problems of respondents in the ’high stable’ and ’rapid decline’ trajectories were comparable; at the last individual wave, prevalence remained similar for the ’high stable’ but increased substantially in all domains for the ’rapid decline’ trajectory. Expected-influence centrality measures provided different results than prevalence estimates. For instance, in the first individual wave mobility and carrying, moving, and handling objects had highest impact on overall functioning for the ’rapid decline’ and ’high stable’ trajectories, while the most prevalent functioning problems concerned cognition, pain, as well as energy and drive functions.

Conclusions

Our study stressed the relevance of healthy ageing trajectories for identifying functioning domains and categories that need to be targeted by rehabilitation services in a heterogeneous ageing population. The use of such trajectories at country level has the potential to make a meaningful contribution to the planning and delivery of rehabilitation interventions through health systems and to informed policy making.
The promotion of sustainable land use planning for the enhancement of ecosystem service capacity: Based on the FLUS-INVEST-RUSLE-CASA model
Authors: Li Guiyuan , Wu Zhanneng , He Yu , Chen Chi , Long Yan
Published: July 2024

Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) is one of the most significant human variables influencing the efficiency of Ecosystem Services (ESs) in terrestrial ecosystems. Theoretical and technical assistance for regional sustainable land use planning and management, as well as ecosystem conservation and restoration, is provided by investigating the influence of changes in the LULC pattern on the efficiency of ESs. This research focuses on the interactions between socioeconomic activities and natural ecological processes in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA). We use LULC data from the TGRA for the years 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020. The study includes the analysis and calculation of the spatiotemporal evolution features of the current LULC pattern and the efficiency of ESs, including their spatiotemporal distribution. Considering the TGRA’s national development orientation and guidance, three potential LULC patterns are constructed under various develop-ment scenarios. To calculate the efficiency of ESs, the GeoSOS-FLUS future LULC simulation model is linked, and several methodologies such as INVEST, RUSLE, and CASA are used. The goal is to investigate the influence of future changes in LULC patterns on ESs efficiency. The findings show the following: (1) From 1990 to 2020, the values of water conservation services in the TGRA decreased and subsequently increased. High-value areas are primarily located in the reservoir’s centre and eastern sections, whereas low-value areas are mostly found in the western section. Soil conservation service values initially declined and later climbed. The TGRA’s carbon storage services have in-creased yearly, from 552.64 g/m2 in 2000 to 615.92 g/m2 in 2020. (2) In the ecological protection scenario, carbon storage and soil erosion increased compared to the ecosystem services in 2020. The ecological system service benefits are greater when compared to the natural development scenario. (3) The four ESs show positive spatial correlations across all three scenarios, and local spatial au-tocorrelation analysis findings demonstrate that carbon storage, water yield, and habitat quality have comparable spatial distributions across all three scenarios. To some extent, high-value areas for water conservation, soil retention, carbon storage, and habitat quality overlap.
Linaje, familiaritas y redes de poder. La carrera cortesana de don Alonso de Aragón (ca. 1516-1552), abad de Montearagón y embajador en Polonia
Authors: Elipe Jaime
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo ofrece una biografía del abad de Montearagón don Alonso de Aragón (ca. 1516-1552). Fue nieto ilegítimo de Fernando el Católico y, en consecuencia, primo de Carlos V. Tras estudiar en la Universidad de Alcalá, su vida transcurrió al servicio imperial en la corte. Fue recompensado con varios beneficios eclesiásticos, culminando su cursus honorum con la abadía de Montearagón. Su acción más destacada fue la embajada a Polonia-Lituania en 1544. La explicación de su carrera no se encuentra únicamente en su linaje, sino en la red de poder en la estaba inserto. Por ello mismo se ha rastreado a sus principales valedores, entre los que sobresalen sus sobrinos los marqueses de Llombay, pertenecientes a la casa de la emperatriz Isabel. Para llevar a cabo la investigación se ha consultado documentación de distintos archivos, de la que destacamos lo tocante a su misión en Polonia y dos pleitos inquisitoriales que siguieron a su muerte. Todo esto muestra una importante red propia de contactos, no sólo familiares, también cortesanos y eclesiásticos que no siempre demostraron ser un sólido apoyo. A pesar de vivir fuera de su solar de origen, fue tenido como un intermediario o bróker del reino de Aragón y consiguió influir en distintos nombramientos. Es reseñable la presencia de dos importantes humanistas en su reducida casa, Gonzalo de Illescas y Diego Gracián de Alderete. Asimismo, también tuvo corresponsales extranjeros en una continua circulación a escala europea que ayuda a comprender una carrera cortesana nómada al servicio del emperador.
Desavenencias conyugales y disidencias ideológicas. El pleito de divorcio de Ramona Palafox Portocarrero (1777-1823)
Authors: Franco Rubio Gloria Ángeles
Published: July 2024

El presente trabajo aborda, mediante un estudio de caso, el fracaso de los matrimonios existente en la sociedad española del siglo XVIII que originó una controversia pública que alcanzaría una gran trascendencia social al conseguir una amplia difusión a través de las páginas de la prensa y de voces autorizadas de escritores, moralistas, juristas y políticos. Las desavenencias conyugales se originaban por una multiplicidad de causas como malos tratos, falta de manutención de la esposa e hijos, abandono del hogar, amancebamientos, ebriedad, abusos, conducta escandalosa etc., que, inevitablemente, conducían a situaciones de falta de armonía o de verdadero conflicto. En esta tesitura muchas mujeres se atrevieron a denunciarlas e incluso interpusieron demandas ante los tribunales solicitando «hacer divorcio». El pleito que nos ocupa presenta una cierta singularidad ya que su protagonista, María Ramona Palafox Portocarrero, supo aprovechar en su beneficio las especiales circunstancias de una sociedad en guerra para iniciar un expediente en cuyas alegaciones exponía problemas maritales de disidencia política, bien distintos a los más usuales, descritos anteriormente. Además, durante todo el tiempo en que duró el proceso actuó con una gran independencia de criterio, sin adaptar del todo su conducta a los procedimientos judiciales existentes, lo que le permitió gozar de una vida personal autónoma y de una vida social que en sus anteriores circunstancias nunca habría tenido.
GUTIÉRREZ DE ARMAS, Judit, Raíces de papel. Identidades y representaciones de nobleza desde los archivos de familia (siglos XVI-XIX), Gijón, Trea, 2023, 292 pp.
Authors: Hernández Suárez Sergio
Published: July 2024

Reseña del libro: GUTIÉRREZ DE ARMAS, Judit, Raíces de papel. Identidades y representaciones de nobleza desde los archivos de familia (siglos XVI-XIX), Gijón, Trea, 2023, 292 pp.
Clima extremo y calamidades en la Mixteca Alta en la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII (Nueva España). Dificultades y penurias en la recaudación tributaria
Authors: Ramírez Vega María Dolores
Published: July 2024

Este artículo busca mostrar cómo la población –en su mayoría indígena– radicada en la Mixteca Alta, ubicada en la provincia de Oaxaca en el virreinato de Nueva España, al igual que gran parte del vasto territorio, sufrió los embates de una meteorología extrema y adversa a través de sequías y heladas, a partir de la década de 1760 y hasta finalizar el siglo XVIII. Es de señalar que el empeoramiento de las condiciones meteorológicas coincide con el periodo 1760-1800, en el que se circunscribe la Oscilación Maldá, fluctuación identificada en la fachada del Mediterráneo, situación que pone de relieve la alteración del clima a nivel global. En este contexto global, resulta por demás interesante mostrar el impacto generado por los fenómenos naturales enunciados en una producción agrícola y ganadera –ambas escasas de por sí–, en una región carente de importancia económica no sólo para las autoridades asentadas en la capital novohispana, sino para Antequera, capital de provincia, debido a que no era un espacio de producción agrícola y tampoco mineral. Asimismo, se ponen al descubierto las problemáticas que dicho menoscabo implicó para los habitantes, así como las diferentes medidas o respuestas desplegadas por las autoridades civiles y el grueso de los afectados para paliar y combatir las contrariedades agrícolas y económicas que implicaban la pérdida de cosechas, la falta y la carestía de víveres, –principalmente maíz–, el hambre y las enfermedades Y, por último, la imposibilidad de los naturales para cubrir sus cargas fiscales, resultado de las pérdidas totales de sementeras.
RAYO MUÑOZ, Gema, Una iglesia a la sombra de la monarquía: dinero y poder en el reino de Granada (1487-1526), Madrid, CSIC, 2023, 436 pp.
Authors: Carrasco Rodríguez Antonio
Published: July 2024

Reseña del libro: RAYO MUÑOZ, Gema, Una iglesia a la sombra de la monarquía: dinero y poder en el reino de Granada (1487-1526), Madrid, CSIC, 2023, 436 pp.
How Do Nonprofits’ Organizational Characteristics Shape Environmental Philanthropy in Texas? A Network Science Approach
Authors: Ovalle Joycelyn , Bixler R. Patrick , Ma Ji
Published: July 2024

In efforts to address the far-reaching effects of climate change and associated impacts in communities, research on environmental philanthropy suggests that more resources are being allocated to environmental societal challenges. However, understandings about which environmental nonprofits benefit from these funding flows is limited. This study integrates resource dependency theory with elitism and pluralism perspectives to analyze a network of environmental nonprofits and their funders in Texas. Resource dependency and a network-analytic approaches share underlying relationality principles, and we connect those dots by conceptualizing the funding dynamics in Texas as a network of funder-grantee relations. Drawing on statewide survey data (n = 114), we use a network analysis technique – exponential random graph modeling (ERGM) – to analyze funding allocations in Texas through the organizational attributes of environmental nonprofits, their funder-grantee relations, and their community context. We specifically observe elitism in funding allocations in Texas, which is evident in network effects (preferential attachment) and the focal areas of environmental work. However, we find limited evidence that age or resources of the nonprofit are predictive of funding and the most influential factor determining a funder-grantee relationship is the natural hazard risk of the community served by the nonprofit. Our findings suggest interconnected funding dynamics of pluralism and elitism in the Texas environmental philanthropy landscape, prompting further discussion about the potential synergies of these patterns and the implications for environmental funding practices.
Why Should the Role of the House of Representatives in Monitoring and Review Local Regulations Be Strengthened?
Authors: Syam Fauzi , Helmi Helmi , Nuriyatman Eko , Rahardja Ivan Fauzani , Saputra Benny
Published: July 2024

The enactment of Law No. 15 of 2019, which established the Post-Legislative Scrutiny (PLS) institution, marked a pivotal shift in the formation of laws and regulations (PUU) in Indonesia. This legislation ushered in a comprehensive cycle for PPU, fundamentally altering the landscape of legislative processes. Despite this progress, a prevailing assumption persists that the PLS mechanism is solely within the purview of the People's Representative Council (DPR) concerning national laws, while oversight of Regional Regulations (Perda) falls under the authority of the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD), with limited discourse on the latter's role in academic circles. This study endeavors to elucidate the theoretical underpinnings of PLS within international parliamentary frameworks, analyze the regulatory framework of PLS Perda as delineated in Law No. 23/2014 and PP No. 12/2018, scrutinize its implementation in Provincial DPRD Rules of Procedure, and advocate for bolstering the DPRD's role in conducting PLS Perda. Findings reveal a lexicon of PLS terminology within Indonesian legislative context, alongside a bifurcation of PLS Perda oversight between the DPD and DPRD. Alarmingly, a staggering majority (93.10%) of Provincial DPRDs nationwide have yet to formalize PLS procedures in their Rules of Procedure, with only the DIY Provincial DPRD demonstrating comprehensive implementation among the 34 surveyed. The imperatives for empowering DPRD's Bapemperda include evaluating Regional Regulations' efficacy, fostering legal coherence, preempting discriminatory legislation, enhancing legislative quality through experiential learning, and resolving the institutional dualism between DPD and DPRD in PLS Perda oversight. These measures not only fortify legislative processes but also mitigate jurisdictional ambiguities, ensuring robust governance at both national and regional levels.
Enhancing SDGs Desa Implementation for Human Right Fulfillment in Banyumas Regency: An Empirical Judicial Analysis
Authors: Ardhanariswari Riris , Azzahro Fathimah , Fauzan Muhammad , Fadzil Rozlinda Mohamed , Hariyanto Hariyanto
Published: July 2024

Sustainable Development Goals Desa (SDGs Desa) are integrated efforts of village development to accelerate the achievement of sustainable development goals. Since 2021, the village government in Banyumas Regency has implemented SDGs Desa program with an achievement score of 46.94. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the implementation of SDGs Desa and increase the achievement of the program by optimizing the role of experts to fulfill human rights in Banyumas Regency. An empirical juridical method was adopted using primary data in the form of FGDs, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation studies. Furthermore, FGD was conducted with representatives of officials from 49 villages and the data was in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results showed that the SDGs Desa program was implemented in line with the village even though there were obstacles in the data collection process. These comprised server errors, and inadequate internet network conditions, including village government knowledge related to minimal system use. Conceptually, this program has similarities with the Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana (SAGY) program in India. Future studies could be performed because the regulations regarding villages and their derivatives regulated SDGs Desa including planning, implementation, and development mechanisms. Expert assistance was also important for increasing community participation and optimizing budget allocation to harness income sources and realize their full potential.
ІНОВАЦІЙНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО КОНСТРУЮВАННЯ БІОІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ СИСТЕМ З БАЗАМИ ДАНИХ: КЛЮЧІ НА ОСНОВІ ГЕНЕТИЧНИХ КОДІВ
Authors: Ключко О. , Білецький А. , Мележик О. , Гончар О.
Published: July 2024

Вступ. Застосування досягнень біології, біофізики у техніці відкриває нові можливості для інновацій, зокрема у технологіях створення реляційних баз даних (БД) із біомедичними даними, сприяє вирішенню завдань, отриманню результатів на якісно новому рівні.Проблематика. Розробка інформаційних систем із біомедичною інформацією є актуальною як у мирний час, так і під час війни. Впровадження сучасних інформаційно-комп’ютерних технологій для розробки інформаційних систем з БД у біології та медицині має свою специфіку, тому актуальними є розробка інноваційних підходів до конструювання біомедичних реляційних БД з ключами із розширеними можливостями.Мета. Розробка та конструювання біомедичних реляційних БД з ключами на основі генетичних кодів організмів у буквено-цифровому вираженні із подальшим застосуванням у складі новітніх біоінформаційних систем.Матеріали і методи. Методи об’єктно-орієнтованого системного аналізу для побудови оптимальним чином БД з біомедичною інформацією, метод проєктування ER-діаграм, методи конструювання БД.Результати. На прикладі реляційної БД з інформацією про деякі види риб розглянуто, застосовано та описанопідхід об’єктно-орієнтованого аналізу для оптимального конструювання БД, описано алгоритм їх конструювання.Особливу увагу приділено вирішенню проблеми створення ключів на основі генетичних кодів риб у буквено-цифровому вираженні, особливо як первинних ключів, що забезпечують зв’язки між окремими таблицями БД, цілісність інформації у системі, надійність доступу до неї. Проаналізовано й обґрунтовано високий рівень індивідуалізації даних при застосуванні ключів на основі генетичних кодів у такій БД.Висновки. Результати можуть бути застосовані для створення відповідних інформаційних систем, зокрема й біоінформаційних. Вони мають як теоретичне значення для подальшого розвитку технологій розробки БД, так і практичне, удосконалюючи деякі методи захисту даних, та можуть бути корисними для вирішення завдань створення БД з біоматеріалом у мирному житті та у воєнний час.
Innovative Knowledge Management in Minangkabau: A Comparative Study of Librarians and Teachers for Literacy Improvement
Authors: Fakhlina Resty Jayanti , Yudisman Septevan Nanda , Rahmi Lailatur , Fadzil Ghazali Mohamed , Ramadhani Fitri , Zahra Sabrina Latifa
Published: July 2024

This study aims to explore and compare knowledge management practices in Minangkabau, implemented by librarians and classroom teachers in the context of primary education, and their impact on improving students' literacy skills. Knowledge management has significant potential in optimizing learning outcomes through effective knowledge management. This research uses a qualitative method with a comparative approach to understand the best strategies for improving student literacy. Results suggest that librarians have a better literacy skill level than teachers. Through comparative analysis between librarians and classroom teachers, it is hoped that it can provide in-depth insights into effective collaboration and how to overcome challenges in improving the quality of literacy in primary schools.
Escapulário do Carmo
Authors: Vilela da Silva Renê Augusto
Published: July 2024

O presente texto buscará apresentar o Escapulário do Carmo, entendido como um clássico religioso e que é enquadrado numa perspectiva histórica. Buscar-se-á realizar uma hermenêutica crítica, uma releitura desse sinal religioso retirando seus excessos e apresentando-o como um elemento histórico e, por isso, passível de uma releitura. O Escapulário do Carmo, um sacramental, ganhou grande destaque na devoção popular, e nessa perspectiva, se manteve como um sinal de fé. Os clássicos são capazes de transcorrer gerações e estruturas, se mantendo como uma referência de conteúdo, de moral e de organização social. O Escapulário se torna um sinal de formação cristã, mas também apresenta um histórico sobre o desenvolvimento social. A pesquisa bibliográfica compreende a devoção e sua história e, junto com os teólogos, percebe-se a maneira de compreender a fé e a relação com o transcendente. O texto apresenta o Escapulário como referência religiosa e social.
Modified Roll Envelope Technique Combined With Apically Repositioned Flap (MRARF) for Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Augmentation–A Case Series
Authors: Wang Zhongxiu , Lei Lihong , Wei Yingming , Xu Hang , Chen Lili
Published: July 2024

In the present case series, we performed implant surgery using a modified roll envelope technique and an apically repositioned flap (MRARF). To improve patients’ peri-implant soft tissue phenotypes, they underwent dental implantation following the buccal contour concavities, inadequate keratinized tissue width, and soft tissue thickness simultaneously. This case series includes 4 patients treated between July 2021 and February 2022 who received dental implants and guided bone regeneration treatment 6 months earlier and were to be taken up for second-stage surgery. They were eligible for the MRARF technique if each implant site showed a labial and buccal deficiency and a reduced keratinized mucosa width than the adjacent teeth. Sutures were removed 2 weeks after surgery, and a provisional restoration was delivered. A final impression was taken at 6 weeks to produce the definitive implant-supported restoration. All surgery sites healed uneventfully, and no postoperative pain or excessive swelling was reported. The modified flap design allowed for increasing the width and thickness of keratinized mucosa with a minimally invasive technique. A harmonious color, texture, and mucogingival junction position that matched the surrounding tissue and adjacent teeth was achieved, and all patients were satisfied with the final results. MRARF at second-stage implant surgery could obtain satisfactory results regarding vertical and horizontal aesthetic gingival contours and an adequate width and thickness of keratinized mucosa around the implants.
Impact of hearing aid electroacoustic verification on speech perception and user performance in daily activities
Authors: Lopes Fábio Heleno , Resende Luciana Macedo de
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose: to assess the impact of electroacoustic verification on the satisfaction level and speech recognition in quiet and noise of hearing aid users. Methods: 24 individuals who had been using the device for at least 1 year and had not previously performed electroacoustic verification were assessed. In the first session, participants responded to the International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids validation questionnaire and indicated their satisfaction level on a visual analog scale. They were, then, subjected to speech perception tests in quiet and noise and electroacoustic verification, returning after 3 months and repeating the first stage assessments. The Wilcoxon test and paired t-test were used for data analysis, with significance set at p-value ≤ 0.05. Results: the visual analog scale assessment, the International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids score, the speech perception threshold in quiet and noise, and the signal/noise ratio improved after 3 months. Conclusion: individuals who had been using the device for at least 1 year had a substantial improvement in their satisfaction level and speech perception in quiet and noise after the electroacoustic verification.
Lexical quality measures in the assessment of reading proficiency in Brazilian university students
Authors: Verrone Isabel Almeida Bender , Pereira Caio Falcão , Fonseca Maria Cristina Micelli , Lukasova Katerina
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose: to assess the reading ability of university students using tasks to measure Lexical Quality (LQ) and evaluate the influence of socioeconomic status (SES) on both the reading performance and the components of Lexical Quality (LQ). Methods: 44 students from two federal universities took online linguistic tests, 19 from the Federal University of the Great ABC Region (UFABC) and 25 from the Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Brazil. Two-ranked Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon rank-sum test) and Pearson’s Correlation tests at p<0,05 were applied to analyze the data. Results: high and medium correlations were obtained among the different components of LQ, such as vocabulary and spelling recognition. In addition, significant differences were found between the performances of the two universities' students and their distinct socioeconomic levels. Conclusion: shorter reading times were correlated to higher accuracy in the Test of Word Reading Efficiency for Adults. The number of correct answers in the homonym test was correlated to the higher accuracy of the Test of Word Reading Efficiency for Adults, and both were correlated to the reaction time measures of these tests. The influence of socioeconomic status on reading performance and Lexical Quality components tasks was also found.
Study of Adaptation and Validity Evidence of the Reading Anxiety Scale (RAS-20) - Version for Parents and Guardians
Authors: Lima Melina , Mosmann Clarisse Pereira
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Reading anxiety can hinder involvement and performance. This study aimed to present the adaptation and validity evidence of the Reading Anxiety Scale (RAS-20) for parents and guardians. A total of 240 parents and guardians with children aged from eight to 12 years ( M = 9.73; SD = 1.41) took part in the study. A sociodemographic and health conditions questionnaire, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Reading Anxiety Scale (RAS) version for parents and guardians were applied. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis indicated good adjustment rates for the three dimensions assessed by the scale (enjoyment, independence, and difficulty). Convergent validity evidence supported the hypothesis of anxiety as a specific phenomenon, different from general anxiety. The RAS-Version for parents and guardians showed adequate psychometric properties and can contribute to the development of interventions in the clinical, family, and school context.
Network articulation practices in psychosocial care: what challenges do professionals face in matriciar, meeting, and referring?
Authors: Carlos Michelle de Menezes , Gallassi Andrea Donatti
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to explore the network articulation practices developed by professionals working in two points of the Psychosocial Care Network in the Federal District: The Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and Other Drugs and the Basic Health Units, covering seven existing health regions, highlighting the strategies used, as well as the difficulties and challenges that cross its effective implementation following the Psychosocial Care model. This research uses a qualitative and exploratory approach, using intra-method triangulation with 36 participants and adopting Bardin’s content analysis. A lack of infrastructure and inputs was identified to build the matrix support practices, meetings with the network, and referrals satisfactorily according to the participant’s perspective. However, intervention and health promotion strategies emerged to strengthen Psychosocial Care.