bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation into the relationship between Parallel Visual Task Processing Ability and Academic Performance in School-Age Children
Authors: Tian Yu-Jing , Chen Chen , Zhang Xiao-Han , Cao Yu-Juan , Yu Ying-Qing
Published: December 2023

Background
This study explores the relationship between parallel visual task processing ability and academic performance in school-age children at a primary school in Wuxi City.
Methods
A total of 1044 school-age children from grades 1 to 6 in a Wuxi City primary school were selected as the research subjects. Eye position was assessed using the alternate cover test, and the Visual Perception Assessment System was used to evaluate cursor visual acuity, simultaneous vision, fusion vision, and stereoscopic vision under competitive conditions. The relationship between various parallel visual task performances and academic performance was studied using Spearman correlation analysis and Mann-Whitney U test.
Results
There is a positive correlation between competitive stereoscopic vision function and Chinese language performance (r = 0.073, P = 0.019). The median standardized Chinese language scores for the competitive stereoscopic vision detection score group and the non-score group were 0.29 and 0.19, respectively, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (U = 123007, Z=-2.491, P = 0.013).
Conclusion
Specific parallel visual task processing abilities in school-age children are related to Chinese language performance. These findings can provide appropriate assessment methods for individuals affected by visual problems, reducing the risk of visual issues affecting learning.
Trail registration:
Ethics Committee of Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University
CDKN2A/B deletion in IDH-mutant astrocytomas: An evaluation by Fluorescence In-Situ Hybridization
Authors: Ranade Manali , Epari Sridhar , Shetty Omshree , Dhanavade Sandeep , Chavan Sheetal , Sahay Ayushi , Sahu Arpita , Shetty Prakash , Moiyadi Aliasgar , Singh Vikash , Dasgupta Archya , Chatterjee Abhishek , Kannan Sadhana , Gupta Tejpal
Published: December 2023

Introduction: CDKN2A/B homozygous-deletion is one of the defining features of grade 4 in IDH-mutant astrocytic tumours. Aim: To evaluate CDKN2A/B-deletion in IDH-mutant astrocytic tumours and its clinico-pathological impact. Materials and methods: CDKN2A/B-deletion was evaluated by Fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) and interpreted by Ambros et al. (method 1) and Marker et al. (method 2) methods. Results: Eighty-three out of 94 cases (histologically - grade 2: 3, grade 3: 46, grade 4: 34) were interpretable on FISH. Concordant CDKN2A/B-deletion was observed in 71% (27/38) of lower-grade tumours (n = 49) and 90% (27/30) of histological grade 4 tumours. Both the interpretation methods showed good agreement (Kappa = 0.75). CDKN2A/B-deletion showed inverse correlation for < 10% MIB-1 labeling index (p = 0.01) while by method-2 showed significant correlation for grade 4 (p = 0.02). No significant correlation was observed for any other clinico-pathological parameters. Twenty-four patients showed progression/recurrence (including deaths), no significant difference in frequency of CDKN2A/B deletion was observed among cases with disease progression across different histological grades. Conclusions: CDKN2A/B-deletion was observed across all the histological grades of IDH-mutant astrocytic tumours, expectedly more in higher grade. FISH, as a method can be used for detection of CDKN2A/B homozygous-deletion, when there is concordant interpretation.
Perioperative Outcome and its Determinants among Patients with Perforated Peptic Ulcer Disease in Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: Three Years Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Deresse Tilahun , Kifleyohans Tewodros , Dessalegn Megbar , Eskandar George
Published: December 2023

Background
PUD is associated with potentially life-threatening complications, including bleeding, perforation, penetration, and obstruction. Perforation is the second most frequent complication after bleeding and with significant morbidity and mortality.
Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted by revising patient card registry data from January 2018 to December 2020 at DBCSH, and data was collected using a data extracting checklist. Logistic regression was conducted to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. Adjusted odd ratios with 95% CI and P-value<0.05 were used as significant associations between dependent and independent variables.
Result: Among 102 patients who were operated on during the specified period, 94 were enrolled in the study after the exclusion of 8 patients, whose charts were missing relevant information. Males outnumbered females with a ratio of 3.7:1. The mean age of patients was 37.39 ± 15.45. More than half, 56.4% of them presented late, greater than 24 hours from their initial symptoms. A total of 52 complications in 27(28.7%) patients were found. Advanced age of patients, tachycardia, and delayed presentation were found to have statistically significant associations with the development of postoperative complications (p-value < 0.05). On multivariate analysis, only age (AOR =3.56, CI=1.21, 10.45) and pre-operative stay (AOR= 3.71, CI= 1.18, 11.65) were found to have statistically significant associations (p-value <0.05) with postoperative morbidity. The post-operative hospital stay of patients with complications was significantly high as compared to those patients who didn’t develop complications (p, 0.000).
Conclusion: Advanced age of patients, tachycardia, and delayed presentation, were significantly associated with the development of post-operative complications.
Paulo Freire in worldwide science education: an overview
Authors: Marcelino Leonardo Victor , Gehlen Simoni Tormöhlen
Published: December 2023

Paulo Freire’s works are among the most cited books in Social Science research and the most influential philosopher in critical curriculum studies. However, Freire himself often felt misunderstood, reduced to only a few of his concepts or to a method, being criticized by his oversight of racial matters, sexist language and utilitarian view of environment. Recognizing the diverse interpretations of Freire's work can provide researchers and practitioners with alternatives for addressing contemporary issues in science education. Given the critical role of academic publications in advancing science and the importance of coauthorship in shaping research and researcher identities, this paper proposes bibliometric tools for investigating how Paulo Freire's ideas have been appropriated into science education, seeking to elucidate the composition of coauthorship groups, the patterns of their interactions, and the ways in which they incorporate Freire's works into their research. Twenty-seven groups with at least three papers and two authors are found, of which 14 make perfunctory references to Freire’s works. Brazil and USA are the most prolific countries in the field, no African research is found, and few interactions are held between Latin American nations. Clusters that make significant references to Freire addresses thematic investigation and reflective practices, mainly in teacher education; racial issues, power imbalance, and STS and SSI approaches are also related to Freirean science education. In conclusion, more interaction between clusters can develop the field theoretically and methodologically; also, there is need for reflecting on science education research in Latin America and Africa, and the possibilities of this cooperation.
Investigation of photocatalytic activity of nickel-doped manganese aluminum ferrite nanoparticles for rhodamine b degradation under visible light
Authors: Yasar Muhammad
Published: December 2023

Nickel-doped manganese aluminum ferrite NiXMn1−XAl0.5Fe1.5O4 (X = 0,0.3) nanoparticles were synthesized via the Sol-gel method. XRD showed the spinel ferrite structure with average crystallite sizes of 30.66 to 39.69 nm. FTIR confirmed metal-oxygen bonds. SEM revealed the surface morphology and particle sizes of 75–95 nm. EDX confirmed the elemental composition. BET analysis determined the surface area of 13.43 m2/g for undoped and 28.38 m2/g for Ni-doped ferrite. The band gap decreases from 2.4 to 2.2 by doping nickel. Achieving 98.96% degradation of 10 mg/L Rhodamine B within 120 min under visible light irradiation was accomplished using a catalyst dose of 0.1 g/L at pH 7 and 20°C with a light intensity of 100 W. The photodegradation kinetics followed a first-order reaction. Hydroxyl radicals were identified as the major reactive species responsible for dye degradation. The nickel-doped ferrite nanoparticles exhibited efficient and stable photocatalytic performance for Rhodamine B removal from wastewater under visible light. Photocatalytic performance for Rhodamine B removal from wastewater under visible light.
YAP1 promotes the stemness of airway epithelial basal cells and spontaneous formation of lung squamous cell carcinoma in a YAP1KITrp53KO mouse model
Authors: Chen Xie-Wan , Jian Chun-Li , Zhang Long-Yao , Li Feng , Liao Xing-Yun , Li Ling-Chen , Chen Xu , Zheng Lin-Peng , Cui Jian-Xiong , Yin Chen-Rui , Lin Feng-Lin , Cai Ding-Qin , Sun Ling-You , Qi Ya-Xian , Niu Kai , Sun Jian-Guo
Published: December 2023

Background
Tumorigenic mechanisms and personalized therapeutic strategies for lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) lack clarity. Practical LSCC animal models remain to be developed or improved. We aimed to determine whether Yes-associated protein-1 (YAP1) promotes the stemness of airway epithelial basal cells and LSCC tumor-initiating cells (TICs) and spontaneous tumorigenesis in a self-developed YAP1 knock-in/Trp53 knockout mouse model.
Methods
Airway epithelial basal cells and LSCC TICs were assessed for stemness by immunofluorescence (IF) staining and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. YAP1 expression patterns and levels were evaluated by IF and qRT-PCR. The effect of YAP1 on the tracheosphere-forming ability of airway epithelial basal cells was investigated by YAP1 overexpression and deletion, observed by 3D-matrigel. Homozygous YAP1KITrp53KO mice were generated by a special vector design that introduced a ciliated cell-specific promoter FOXJ1. Tumor formation was determined by micro-CT scanning, and histological subtype was confirmed through hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining.
Results
YAP1 promoted the stemness maintenance of airway epithelial basal cells. Overexpression and deletion of YAP1 increased and decreased the tracheosphere-forming ability of airway epithelial basal cells, respectively. YAP1 also contributed to the stemness of LSCC TICs. A homozygous YAP1KITrp53KO LSCC mouse model was constructed successfully. After a period of feeding, cancer nests occurred spontaneously in the murine lung. H&E and IHC staining confirmed the LSCC histological subtype, and YAP1 was primarily expressed in the nucleus as evidence of active proliferation.
Conclusions
We established a YAP1KITrp53KO mouse model of spontaneous LSCC, providing a convenient tool for investigating novel targets and therapies.
DFT study of the possible mechanisms for the synthesis of α-cyanophosphonates from β- nitrostyrenes
Authors: Tavakol Hossein , shamsaddinimotlagh Sima , Kazemi Arash
Published: December 2023

In this article, the theoretical study of the reaction mechanism of the addition of triphenyl phosphite to β-nitrostyrene is discussed. The M062X method, which is a subset of density functional theory (DFT) and def2svp basis set, was used to determine the appropriate mechanism. To accomplish this, the structures of the starting materials, products, intermediates, and transition states were optimized, and their respective energies were obtained. For this purpose, three plausible reaction mechanisms were proposed, denoted as paths a, b, and c. In the pathway a, triphenyl phosphite is added to the β-position of β-nitrostyrene. The b pathway is designed in such that the triphenyl phosphite molecule is added to the oxygen of nitro in β-nitrostyrene, and in the c pathway, triphenyl phosphite is added to the nitrogen of the β-nitrostyrene compound. Since the presence of two ml mol of triphenyl phosphite is required to carry out the reaction and form the desired product, all three routes of the proposed mechanism were designed accordingly. by evaluating potential reaction pathways and comparing their energetics, a plausible mechanism for the reaction can be proposed.
ORNet: Object Refinement Network Based on Dual-Branch and Multi-Feature Enhancement for Saliency Detection
Authors: Cong Kuochen , Bao Hua
Published: December 2023

In recent years, CNN-based salient object detection methods have shown significant performance improvements. Recent research on salient object detection (SOD) has primarily focused on pixel-level classification using encoder-decoder models based on fully convolutional networks (FCN). However, existing CNN-based saliency detection networks have a drawback of overemphasizing pixel-level information of objects while neglecting background information, leading to limited capability in refining the saliency of object boundaries and capturing fine-grained details. To address this issue, we introduce ORNet: Object Refinement Network, to achieve superior saliency detection. We propose a novel dual-branch module consisting of a foreground module (FM) and a background module (BM) to extract foreground and background information, respectively. Each branch adopts multiple feature enhancement strategies. Specifically, this strategy includes the Object Refinement Module (ORM) for fusing multi-scale contextual features to enhance the saliency of objects. Additionally, we propose the Fourier Edge Extractor (FEE) module to extract boundary features from the frequency domain, enhancing the clarity of object boundaries. We introduce the Global Context Block (GCB) at the final network layer to extract high-level semantic features using pooling operations, which aids in precise object localization through the dual-branch module. Furthermore, to further enhance object boundaries, we design the Boundary Diffusion Loss (BDL) function to guide the network's attention to the often overlooked boundary information. We choose the EfficientNet architecture as the backbone network due to its computational efficiency. Finally, extensive experiments on popular benchmark datasets demonstrate the competitive performance of ORNet. Both the codes and results is available at https://github.com/CKCAHU/ORNet.
Low-rank generalized alternating direction implicit iteration method for solving matrix equations
Authors: Zhang Juan , Xun Wenlu
Published: December 2023

This paper presents an effective low-rank generalized alternating direction implicit iteration (R-GADI) method for solving large-scale sparse and stable Lyapunov matrix equations and continuous-time algebraic Riccati matrix equations. The method is based on generalized alternating direction implicit iteration (GADI), which exploits the low-rank property of matrices and utilizes the Cholesky factorization approach for solving. The advantage of the new algorithm lies in its direct and efficient low-rank formulation, which is a variant of the Cholesky decomposition in the Lyapunov GADI method, saving storage space and making it computationally effective. When solving the continuous-time algebraic Riccati matrix equation, the Riccati equation is first simplified to a Lyapunov equation using the Newton method, and then the R-GADI method is employed for computation. Additionally, we analyze the convergence of the R-GADI method and prove its consistency with the convergence of the GADI method. Finally, the effectiveness of the new algorithm is demonstrated through corresponding numerical experiments.
Stretcher: A new way to improve the efficiency of exploration
Authors: Wang Jinlin , Zhu Longtao , Wang Yi , Ji Yulong , Ren Jinchang , Yang Hongyu
Published: December 2023

The six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm has excellent spatial flexibility, allowing it to reach any point in the workspace from any orientation, making it perfect for executing manipulating tasks. However, in reinforcement learning situations, when the arm comes to a self-constraint state, the flexibility may have adverse effects on environment exploration, significantly complicating the reinforcement learning process. In this paper, inspired by human arm movements, we present a novel method for fast estimating the flexibility of multi-axis robotic arms. By integrating the metrics in RL algorithm, we made the exploration process faster and smoother. We compared the training speed and the effectiveness of training after incorporating the metrics at various stages of the standard RL algorithm like observation and rewrd. After analysing the spatial flexibility, the arm is found to show improved exploration performance, as well as faster training speed and less temporal consumption during the movement transitions.
Comparison of reanalysis datasets with historical wave buoy data in northern Scottish waters.
Authors: mcilvenny Jason , Thomas Louise , Williamson Benjamin
Published: December 2023

Many industries rely on wave data to understand the potential for wave energy extraction, or to understand the wave environment for the design of marine structures and to plan operations and maintenance. Three ocean reanalysis datasets, ERA5, WAVEWATCH III and Copernicus Global Ocean Waves Analysis and Forecast, are compared to in-situ wave buoy data collected along the north of Scotland. All reanalysis datasets correlated well with the wave buoy data, with the Copernicus Global Ocean Waves Analysis and Forecast dataset being statistically the closest to the buoy data. However, all three reanalysis datasets underpredict significant wave height during extreme wave events. From comparisons of the wave buoy data at one site, it was found that although extreme events are underpredicted, the WAVEWATCH III reanalysis data performed the best, although still under predicted extreme wave heights. Of the reanalysis models compared against wave buoy data here, it is suggested that for extreme wave analysis the WAVEWATCH III model is recommended, whilst for long term statistics and weather windowing the Copernicus Global Ocean Waves Analysis is a good option. Whilst reanalysis data sets are a valuable resource for marine renewable energy, developers should be aware of the limitations of these datasets, in particular for extreme wave conditions.
Intrinsische Motivation, Wissen und Selbstwirksamkeit zu BNE im Grundschullehramtsstudium
Authors: Baumann Rebecca , Meyer Simon , Bärtlein Lotta , Martschinke Sabine
Published: December 2023

Im Beitrag wird eine Seminarkonzeption zu „Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) im Sachunterricht der Grundschule“ evaluiert, die im Rahmen des Projekts BNEprimus entwickelt wurde. Da wenige Erkenntnisse zur Ausprägung von (selbst eingeschätztem) Wissen, intrinsischer Motivation und Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen zu BNE von angehenden Grundschullehrkräften vorliegen, werden professionelle Handlungskompetenzen vor und nach Seminarteilnahme erfasst und Professionalisierungsprozesse bei Grundschullehramtsstudierenden in einem quasi-experimentellen Prä-Post-Design geprüft (NBNE-Gruppe = 82, NKontrollgruppe = 40). Die BNE-Gruppe weist nach der Teilnahme signifikant höhere Werte im Wissen, in der intrinsischen Motivation und der Selbstwirksamkeit zu BNE auf. Die Ergebnisse und Implikationen für die Ausbildung von Grundschullehrkräften werden diskutiert.
Valoración de colectores de larvas de ostras Ostrea chilensis Ph en Pullinque
Authors: Solís Urriola Iván
Published: December 2023

Los sismos y el maremoto de 1960 casi eliminaron los bancos de ostras y la Estación de Ostricultura de Pullinque (Ancud),'razón por la cual la División de Pesca y Caza se preocupó de buscar nuevos sistemas de cultivos de ostras que permitiera la rápida recuperación de este valioso recurso.De los sustratos probados uno de los mejores son las valvas de cholgas (Aulacomya ater) que se encuentran como producto de deshecho de la fábrica de conservas de Calbuco y son baratas, ya que sólo debe financiarse su traslado a Pullinque.Los sistemas de colectores utilizados en la Ostricultura de Pullinque han sido muy variados, empleándose en su construcción diferentes tipos de sustratos: conchas de ostras, ramas de árboles, tallos de quila (Chasquea quila), tablillasde alerce {Fitzroya cupressoides), madera encementada, madera embreada, cordel, valvas de cholgas, etc.
Presencia del lobo marino común (Otaria flavescens) en el litoral chileno.
Authors: Aguayo Lobo Anelio , Maturana Contreras Rene
Published: December 2023

Desde el año 1965 estamos realizando censos de Lobos Marinos a lo largode nuestro litoral, bajo ekauspicio del Convenio sobre Investigaciones Pesqueras del Ministerio de Agricultura y de la Universidad de Chile, como una respuesta a las denuncias de los pescadores artesanales en el sentido que estos animales estarían produciendo daños económicos. Aguayo (1965), informa que los pescadores artesanales hicieron sus denuncias a través de sus Organizaciones, Sindicatos y Cooperativas de Arica, Iquique, Tocopilla y Antofagasta, a las Autoridades del Ministerio de Agricultura, -a los Parlamentarios de la zona norte y Autoridadeslóceles de lasciudades mencionadas.Es así como hemos censado en forma continua y completa el litoral de Arica a Punta Maiquillahue, y en forma aún incompleta de Valdivia a Cabo de Hornos, regiones actualmente en estudio (Aguayo y Torres, 1967, y Aguayo y Maturana, en preparación).
Pesquería Artesanal del Erizo comestible "Loxechinus albus" (Molina) (Echinodermata, Echinoidea, Echinidae) en la Región de Iquique.
Authors: Deppe Rosita , Viviani C.A.
Published: December 2023

Loxechinus albus es una especie de erizo de mar intensamente explotado en la costa chilena para fines comestibles. En la región de Iquique (Norte de Chile) se utiliza una modalidad especial, consistente en abrir los erizos en el lugar de captura sacando sus gónadas comestibles y rellenando con ellas algunas caparazones vacías utilizadas como envases.Los cónchales de los erizos utilizados para confeccionar los "rellenos” quedan en los lugares de extracción. Este material sirvió para analizar el tamaño de los erizos que están siendo explotados en la costa comprendida entre la ciudad de Iquique y la desembocadura del Río Loa.
Influencia del contenido de frecuencias de la excitación sísmica en la eficiencia de un amortiguado combinado sintonizado
Authors: Espinoza Gilda , Suazo Álvaro , Vergara Francisco , Cantillana José
Published: December 2023

En esta investigación se analiza el comportamiento de una estructura lineal de un grado de libertad, que es controlada por un amortiguador combinado sintonizado (ACS). Éste se compone de dos dispositivos, un amortiguador de masa sintonizado (AMS) y un amortiguador de columna de líquido sintonizado (ACLS). El ACS es sometido a una excitación sísmica estocástica con el objetivo de analizar la influencia del contenido de frecuencias en la eficiencia del dispositivo. Como medida de eficiencia, se considera el porcentaje dereducción de la desviación estándar de desplazamiento del sistema principal. Los parámetros optimizados de cada dispositivo son la frecuencia y amortiguamiento en el caso del AMS, además de frecuencia y coeficiente de pérdida de carga para el ACLS. Se realiza un análisis de sensibilidad de los parámetros óptimos del ACS, con respecto a la razón de masa, periodo de la estructura principal y contenido defrecuencias de la excitación. Las principales conclusiones obtenidas, son que la eficiencia del ACS depende del contenido de frecuencias de la excitación. Además, esta aumenta a medida que la razón de masa aumenta, independiente del contenido de frecuencias de la excitación. Por otra parte, el ACS es menos eficiente para estructuras más flexibles.
Validación mediante simulación de Montecarlo de la eficiencia de un amortiguador de columna de líquido sintonizado óptimo para excitaciones de alto contenido de frecuencias
Authors: Suazo Álvaro , Sanhueza Camilo , Coloma Gerardo , Espinoza Gilda
Published: December 2023

En esta investigación se analiza el valor de la eficiencia del Amortiguador de Columna de Líquido Sintonizado (ACLS), calculada a través de la teoría estocástica de vibraciones. Se emplean tres criterios o funcionales de optimización. El modelo consiste en un sistema principal de un grado de libertad, con comportamiento no lineal, controlado por un ACLS no lineal. El análisis estocástico supone un estado estacionario y realiza una linealización estadística equivalente, para el comportamiento no lineal, con lo que se obtienen reducciones teóricas de desplazamiento y de energía histerética. Luego, éstas se comparan con las reducciones obtenidas con una simulación de Montecarlo con 200, 450, 800, 1250, 1850, 2600 simulaciones. Para la simulación se plantean las ecuaciones no lineales, que se integrandirectamente sin linealizarlas. Las simulaciones se realizan con sismos artificiales de alto contenido de frecuencias, compatibles con la norma chilena NCh2745 (2013). Los resultados de la simulación de Montecarlo son sensibles al número de simulaciones consideradas. Se produce una convergencia para dos criterios. Los errores son menores al 10%, lo que se considera aceptable. Las reducciones obtenidas para la energía histerética de un análisis teórico, sobrestiman la eficiencia del ACLS, para un criterio con un periodo de 2.0 s, y para todos los criterios cuando se tiene un periodo de 2.5 s.
A Comparison of Learning Outcomes Between EFL Course Delivery Modes
Authors: Sampson Andrew
Published: December 2023

This paper reports on a mixed-methods classroom study that compared the effectiveness of three adult English as a Foreign Language (EFL) course delivery modes –face-to-face group classes, face-to-face one-to-one tuition, and online self-study –for language learning. Learning outcomes from learners’ language-related episodes (LREs), instances in which students “talk about the language they are producing, question their language use, or other-or self-correct” (Swain “Focus on Form” 70) were observed as learners completed the same task in their respective course delivery modes: learner-learner dyads in face-to-face classes, learner-teacher dyads in one-to-one classes, and individuals in online self-study. Learning was operationalized in two ways: firstly, by identifying instances of microgenetic development -that is, observable changes in a learner’s knowledge –within learners’ LREs; and secondly, by analysing responses to a delayed post-test. The results indicate that significantly more microgenetic development took place in one-to-one interaction between teachers and learners, which was characterised by scaffolded support and learner uptake, than in pair-work or self-study. While little microgenetic development was evident in the think-aloud protocols ofself-study learners, the methodological constraint of employing a think-aloud protocol to observe individual LREs may have made observing development more difficult. Learners’ post-test responses revealed that one-to-one and self-study learners attempted a significantly higher proportion of test items relating toLREs produced in the task than group learners, suggesting stronger associations between languaging and learning in teacher-learner interaction and independent study than in pair-work. Pedagogical recommendations are proposed for maximisinglearning potential in all three modes.
Idiographic assessment of attachment relationships: Construction and validation of scales for use in narrative psychotherapy
Authors: Van Geel Rolf , Houtmans Tilly , Van der Zande Mathijs
Published: December 2023

In this study the focus was on the development and validation of scales that can be used in an attachment-based narrative form of psychotherapy/counseling. One hundred and six participants completed an online survey, in which they were asked to select one significant troublesome relationship (past or present), to describe the nature of this relationship in a couple of sentences and to characterize the relationship by means of the list of 49 attachment items. By employing exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (N = 106), a six-factor model emerged covering four classical attachment prototypes: (I) security; (II) anxiety (preoccupation with relationships, fear of rejection); (III) dismissive avoidance (i.e., defensive separation/denial of attachment need; and (IV) fearful avoidance (avoidance/alienation, threat). In two validation studies, the interpersonal and affective meaning of these scales were examined by using instruments that accentuate agentic and communal interpersonal orientations in human contact. In a subsequent qualitative study, we used a cluster-based classification into attachment groups for the exhaustive screening of the content of (a selection of) 40 texts of 40 persons. This hermeneutic approach disclosed characteristic themes for each of the secure, preoccupied, dismissive-avoidant and fearful-avoidant prototypes which are discussed in detail. In narrative psychotherapy a thematic overview according to the attachment typology may be helpful in fine-tuning the therapeutic process, in that it may increase a client’s awareness of attachment issues and associated (dysfunctional) emotional reactions.
El impacto de la delincuencia organizada transnacional en el sistema internacional contemporáneo
Authors: Cancelado-Franco Henry , Rodríguez-Ardila Valeria
Published: December 2023

Para comprender el sistema internacional contemporáneo, deben contemplarse las variables económica, cultural y social, superando la variable política como unidad exclusiva de análisis. La delincuencia organizada transnacional lo demuestra con claridad, ya que su crecimiento en este siglo ha sido consecuencia no solo de las acciones o las omisiones del Estado, sino también de otros factores. Este artículo se propone explicar cómo impacta actualmente la amenaza de la delincuencia organizada transnacional en la inestabilidad internacional actual. Para ello, se analiza la llamada segunda modernidad, se desarrolla el concepto de la seguridad global y su situación actual, y se estudia el impacto de la criminalidad organizada hoy en día. Finalmente se aborda el tema de las nuevas tecnologías, sus avances para combatir este problema, y se plantean las conclusiones.
A Virtual Hospital Model of Care for Low Back Pain, Back@Home: Protocol for a Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Type-I Study
Authors: Melman Alla , Teng Min Jiat , Coombs Danielle M , Li Qiang , Billot Laurent , Lung Thomas , Rogan Eileen , Marabani Mona , Hutchings Owen , Maher Chris G , Machado Gustavo C ,   Back@Home Investigators
Published: December 2023

Background

Low back pain (LBP) was the fifth most common reason for an emergency department (ED) visit in 2020-2021 in Australia, with >145,000 presentations. A total of one-third of these patients were subsequently admitted to the hospital. The admitted patient care accounts for half of the total health care expenditure on LBP in Australia.

Objective

The primary aim of the Back@Home study is to assess the effectiveness of a virtual hospital model of care to reduce the length of admission in people presenting to ED with musculoskeletal LBP. A secondary aim is to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the virtual hospital and our implementation strategy. We will also investigate rates of traditional hospital admission from the ED, representations and readmissions to the traditional hospital, demonstrate noninferiority of patient-reported outcomes, and assess cost-effectiveness of the new model.

Methods

This is a hybrid effectiveness-implementation type-I study. To evaluate effectiveness, we plan to conduct an interrupted time-series study at 3 metropolitan hospitals in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Eligible patients will include those aged 16 years or older with a primary diagnosis of musculoskeletal LBP presenting to the ED. The implementation strategy includes clinician education using multimedia resources, staff champions, and an “audit and feedback” process. The implementation of “Back@Home” will be evaluated over 12 months and compared to a 48-month preimplementation period using monthly time-series trends in the average length of hospital stay as the primary outcome. We will construct a plot of the observed and expected lines of trend based on the preimplementation period. Linear segmented regression will identify changes in the level and slope of fitted lines, indicating immediate effects of the intervention, as well as effects over time. The data will be fully anonymized, with informed consent collected for patient-reported outcomes.

Results

As of December 6, 2023, a total of 108 patients have been cared for through Back@Home. A total of 6 patients have completed semistructured interviews regarding their experience of virtual hospital care for nonserious back pain. All outcomes will be evaluated at 6 months (August 2023) and 12 months post implementation (February 2024).

Conclusions

This study will serve to inform ongoing care delivery and implementation strategies of a novel model of care. If found to be effective, it may be adopted by other health districts, adapting the model to their unique local contexts.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/50146
Patient Engagement With and Perspectives on a Mobile Health Home Spirometry Intervention: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Liu Andrew W , Brown, III William , Madu Ndubuisi E , Maiorano Ali R , Bigazzi Olivia , Medina Eli , Sorric Christopher , Hays Steven R , Odisho Anobel Y
Published: December 2023

Background

Patient engagement attrition in mobile health (mHealth) remote patient monitoring (RPM) programs decreases program benefits. Systemic disparities lead to inequities in RPM adoption and use. There is an urgent need to understand patients’ experiences with RPM in the real world, especially for patients who have stopped using the programs, as addressing issues faced by patients can increase the value of mHealth for patients and subsequently decrease attrition.

Objective

This study sought to understand patient engagement and experiences in an RPM mHealth intervention in lung transplant recipients.

Methods

Between May 4, 2020, and November 1, 2022, a total of 601 lung transplant recipients were enrolled in an mHealth RPM intervention to monitor lung function. The predictors of patient engagement were evaluated using multivariable logistic and linear regression. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 6 of 39 patients who had engaged in the first month but stopped using the program, and common themes were identified.

Results

Patients who underwent transplant more than 1 year before enrollment in the program had 84% lower odds of engaging (odds ratio [OR] 0.16, 95% CI 0.07-0.35), 82% lower odds of submitting pulmonary function measurements (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.09-0.33), and 78% lower odds of completing symptom checklists (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.10-0.43). Patients whose primary language was not English had 78% lower odds of engaging compared to English speakers (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.07-0.67). Interviews revealed 4 prominent themes: challenges with devices, communication breakdowns, a desire for more personal interactions and specific feedback with the care team about their results, understanding the purpose of the chat, and understanding how their data are used.

Conclusions

Care delivery and patient experiences with RPM in lung transplant mHealth can be improved and made more equitable by tailoring outreach and enhancements toward non-English speakers and patients with a longer time between transplant and enrollment. Attention to designing programs to provide personalization through supplementary provider contact, education, and information transparency may decrease attrition rates.
Microwave Radar Sensing of Sea Waves: An Effective Reflection Coefficient
Authors: Karaev Vladimir , Panfilova Mariya , Titchenko Yu. , Meshkov Evgeniy , Kovaldov Dmitry , Xiuzhong Li , Yijun He
Published: December 2023

At the small incidence angles, the dominant backscattering mechanism for sea waves is the quasi-specular backscattering mechanism. The power of the reflected signal depends on the distribution function of the slopes of large-scale waves (in comparison with radar wavelength) and on the effective reflection coefficient, which is introduced instead of the Fresnel coefficient. In this paper, we discussed a new method for calculating the effective reflection coefficient from the wave scatterometer SWIM data. For the first time, measurements are performed by a radar at different azimuth angles at small incidence angles. This makes it possible to measure the effective reflection coefficient. An original algorithm was developed for data processing and determination of the total mean square slopes of large-scale sea waves and the azimuth dependence of the backscattering radar cross section at zero incidence angle. In the result of subsequent processing, the azimuth dependence of the effective reflection coefficient is retrieved. SWIM data were used to evaluate the developed algorithm. Processing of the test data set confirmed the efficiency of the algorithm. The azimuth anisotropy coefficients for the mean square slopes of large-scale waves and the effective reflection coefficient are calculated
Unlocking Second Language Mastery Navigating the Complex Terrain of Adult Language Acquisition
Authors: Li Yingyang , Zhao Zirui
Published: December 2023

This paper mainly focuses on the more effective way that language learners who “escaped” during the critical period of acquiring a second language. In the paper, we use the methodology of bibliography to compare the essential differences between children and adult learners from the perspectives of linguistics, neurolinguistics, society and culturology, and further study SLA theory based on the author’s own educational experience. It is an indisputable fact that older language learners have less flexibility and plasticity than children due to their mature brains. However, it can be partially compensated for by cognitive ability and social experience thus overtaking a corner. Nonetheless, some points are especially worth paying attention to, such as the necessity to “design” the grammar into the structure of the paragraph to be the “guiding framework” of thinking; Learners should not be excessively concerned about the accuracy of grammar and words at academic level, so as to avoid negative emotions such as anxiety, which affect language learning, and is partly consistent with the SLA’s Affective Filter Hypothesis. This research offers fresh guidelines for students and teachers of second languages to consider contemporary methods of teaching and learning, particularly the “fanatics” of “natural acquired” or “academically structured education.” Additionally, researchers and teachers who consider upgrading teaching methods offer evidence and inspiration owing to the growing popularity of artificial intelligence.
El libro de artista como patrimonio cultural
Authors: Miramontes Vidal Gabriela Betsabé
Published: December 2023

A partir de una investigación sistémica sobre el libro de artista se encontró, entre otros aspectos, que en México la bibliotecología aún no los ha estudiado a profundidad para catalogarlos como libros con perfil bibliográfico y darles el valor de patrimonio cultural-documental. Este texto aborda el entorno del libro de artista, su presencia en bibliotecas y las particularidades que hacen de él un documento librario con valor patrimonial cultural.
El Ateneo Fuente y la creación de la Escuela de Ciencias Químicas en Coahuila, 1867-1957
Authors: Caldera-Villalobos Martín
Published: December 2023

En este trabajo se presenta una descripción del desarrollo de la química en Coahuila, enfatizando el ámbito académico y vinculando la enseñanza científico-técnica con el crecimiento económico-industrial de Coahuila. El estudio se centra en el Ateneo Fuente, una escuela de educación secundaria y superior fundada en 1867 en Saltillo, donde la química se enseñó en el bachillerato y la carrera de Farmacia. En la década de 1940, la industrialización de Coahuila y del noreste mexicano motivaron la apertura de una Escuela de Ciencias Químicas dependiente del Ateneo Fuente. A lo largo del trabajo se analizan y comparan los planes de estudio del bachillerato y de las carreras impartidas en la Escuela de Ciencias Químicas. También se hace una breve reseña de la enseñanza de la química en otras instituciones contemporáneas del Ateneo Fuente y se esboza la influencia que tuvo esta escuela de Ciencias Químicas sobre la actividad industrial de Coahuila.
Tolerancia religiosa en México entre 1833 y 1834: alcance y diversidad del proyecto reformista
Authors: Santillán Gustavo
Published: December 2023

El artículo esboza las alternativas enunciadas por distintos periódicos, folletos y autores durante la gestión de Valentín Gómez Farías (1833-1834) para instituir la tolerancia religiosa. Una es particularmente relevante: delimitar la tolerancia de cultos a las confesiones cristianas. A partir de fuentes impresas, este trabajo matiza una supuesta lucha dicotómica al respecto y advierte la pluralidad sobre dicha temática dentro de las filas reformadoras. Asimismo, propone que la lucha por la tolerancia presenta un itinerario complejo más allá de categorías políticas. Por último, perfila algunos alcances de la experiencia reformista.
The Effects of Resettlement and the Development of the Urban Plan on Mission Demographic Patterns
Authors: Jackson Robert Howard
Published: December 2023

One of the elements of the mission programs on the frontiers of Spanish America was the creation of communities that conformed to norms established for urban planning by royal law, or, in other words, to the grid plan. Missionaries congregated thousands of indigenous peoples on the mission communities, and had them live in spatially compact living areas. Living in proximity to others helped spread highly contagious crowd diseases such as smallpox, and created hygiene problems. This article examines the urban plan and housing arrangements for indigenous peoples brought to live on the missions among the Guaraní and the California. It posits that the spatial organization of the mission communities and forms of housing were important factors in determining demographic patterns among the mission residents. It analyzes historic diagrams of the urban plan of selected mission communities in conjunction with a discussion of fertility and mortality patterns calculated from censuses and registers of baptisms and burials. The article confirms the hypothesis of the strong relationship between the urban plan, and demographic patterns. At the same time, it highlights differences between the two case studies presented. The Jesuits brought thousands of Guaraní to live on the mission communities created from whole cloth, and the large population densities facilitated the spread of contagion. Periodic epidemics killed thousands, but the populations recovered. On the California missions, chronic ailments such as syphilis and parasites from improper sanitation associated with living conditions were the major causes of mortality. The California mission populations did not recover.
Agency and Legal Responsibility: Epistemic and Moral Considerations
Authors: Montemayor Carlos , Cáceres Enrique
Published: December 2023

¿Qué tipo de agencia es necesaria para la personalidad jurídica? ¿Cuáles son los requisitos cognitivos y racionales que los sistemas legales asumen acerca de los sujetos de la ley? ¿Cómo es que los seres humanos cumplen con estos requisitos? En trabajo previo (Cáceres y Montemayor, 2016), hemos argumentado que estas preguntas requieren un nuevo acercamiento a la teoría del derecho, basado en hallazgos recientes en ciencia cognitiva, que van más allá de tratamientos teóricos neuro-legales contemporáneos. Aquí construimos sobre esta propuesta, ahora enfocándonos en cuestiones de agencia y normatividad, incluyendo tipos de agencia que son relevantes para la epistemología social. La conclusión principal del artículo es que los muy estrictos requisitos cognitivos que se asumen sobre las capacidades explícitas de racionalidad de los agentes cognitivos, presupuestos por la ley, no sólo son incompatibles con los hallazgos en psicología, sino que un análisis sistemático de la agencia moral y epistémica también es necesario para poder entender la normatividad legal. El argumento principal es que tipos de agencia colectiva, moral y epistémica, difieren de la agencia individual, la cual también debe distinguirse como moral y epistémica. Fundamentalmente, la agencia colectiva difiere de la individual no sólo con base en diferencias con respecto a la racionalidad, sino también con base en los criterios de integración informativa. Varias consecuencias de este análisis son evaluadas, incluyendo aspectos concernientes a integración informativa para juicios y decisiones, comunicación fiable para la agencia epistémica, y la integración de consideraciones morales en el razonamiento jurídico. Una revisión comprensiva de la noción de “autonomía” es justificada por esta propuesta, en parte porque los requisitos comunes para la personalidad y autonomía jurídica son muy demandantes e inadecuados en muchos casos, y en parte porque la agencia colectiva debe tomarse en consideración como un tipo fundamental de agencia legal responsable para procesos de integración informativa. Basándonos en la distinción entre formas epistémicas y morales de razonamiento, explicamos cómo los sistemas legales necesitan de altos niveles de integración cognitiva para la responsabilidad legal a nivel colectivo.
Impact Assessment of Textile Industry Effluent on Water Quality and Health - A Case Study of Hapur District, Western Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Tyagi Shivanshi
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The developmental activities, industrialization and urbanization are responsible for contamination of soil and aquatic system. Textile industry is one of the important and largest industrial sector of India which is responsible for economic growth of nation. Textile industry effluent contain heavy metals, dye, inorganic and organic contaminants and show negative impact on environment and human health. In the present study, survey was conducted in the Pilkhuwa industrial area of Hapur district, western Uttar Pradesh and responses of local residents were collected through questionnaire after interview and group discussion. The local residents reported that water of the Pilkhuwa industrial area is not clean and safe for drinking and most of the people of the area are suffering from various health related disorders such as skin diseases, asthma, and typhoid etc. Hence, there is an urgent need of cost-effective, eco-friendly and sustainable technologies for decontamination of industrial effluent before its release into the environment.
Fruit Verity-Detecting Adulteration in fruits Using Machine Learning.
Authors: Bharath K.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Detecting fruit adulteration is a critical challenge with traditional methods often falling short due to their timeconsuming nature and high costs. Chemical tests, while common, have limitations that hinder their efficiency. Fortunately, a beacon of hope emerges in the realm of machine learning, offering a promising alternative for identifying adulteration in fruits. By leveraging the power of data, machine learning algorithms can be finely tuned to recognize intricate patterns that act as red flags for adulteration. These data sources span from detailed laboratory tests to the nuances revealed through sensory analysis and even extend to the analysis of fruit images. Once a machine learning model undergoes meticulous training on this diverse array of datasets, it transforms into a potent tool for swift and precise adulteration detection. This breakthrough not only strengthens food safety measures but also accelerates the identification of compromised products, ultimately safeguarding public health. Consumers are empowered with a robust defense against the persistent problem of adulteration. The revolutionary nature of this approach brings about a paradigm shift, offering a proactive solution that outpaces traditional methods