bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation Between Body Mass Index and Echocardiographic Findings in Overweight Patients Compared to Normal-Weight Patients
Authors: Salehi Mohammad , Latif Mehdi , Peighambari Fatemeh , Dehestani Mohammad , Ahmadi-Hanzaei Seyed Vahid
Published: August 2017

Background: Overweight is currently considered as the main risk factor for various chronic disorders, especially cardiovascular diseases. Unexpected hypertension is the first reaction of heart to overburden imposed by obesity or overweight. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and echocardiographic findings in overweight patients compared with normal-weight population.methods: This historical cohort study was conducted on 60 patients divided into two group of 30 based on their measured weights, group 1 with BMI of 20-25 kg/m2 as control and group 2 with 25<BMI≤30 kg/m2. All demographic and clinical data along with the echocardiographic findings were recorded for all samples.Results: The mean age of control (41.06 ± 12.82 years) and oversights (46.84 ± 12.61 years) was not significantly different (P = 0.067). Systolic blood pressure (P = 0.003) and pulse rate (P = 0.028) were significantly higher in overweight group; ejection fraction (P = 0.036), end-systolic (P < 0.001) and end-diastolic (P < 0.001) left ventricular dimensions, and left ventricular mass index (P = 0.005) were significantly higher in control group.Conclusion: Overweighting due to anatomical remodeling can cause diastolic heart failure in left ventricle. According to the relatively poor prognosis of treatment features in patients with probable risk factors of heart failure such as diabetes, hypertension and ischemic heart disease (IHD), it is recommended to consider overweight as an effective prognostic factor.
Aplicação das ferramentas da qualidade FMEA e FTA para detecção e controle de patologias em estruturas de concreto armado do Aeroporto Internacional do Recife
Authors: Silva Severino Virgílio da , Monteiro Eliana Cristina Barreto
Published: August 2017

Com o aumento do número de ocorrências patológicas apresentadas pelas estruturas de concreto armado, conforme levantamentos realizados por diversos autores ao longo os últimos anos, é crescente a demanda por serviços de inspeção e manutenção em tais estruturas no Estado de Pernambuco e em todo o País. No entanto, é importante salientar que a prática de inspeções periódicas ainda não faz parte da cultura da maioria dos usuários, devido à falta de conhecimento da importância da manutenção para garantir a integridade da estrutura. Por isso é necessário a racionalização do processo de manutenção, que pode ser atingida com a utilização de duas ferramentas de gestão da qualidade total combinadas, a análise da árvore de falhas (FTA) e a análise dos Modos de Falhas e seus Efeitos (FMEA), visando a realização de inspeçõesnas estruturas para a montagem de um banco de dados que permita a hierarquização por nível de risco das patologias detectadas e à criação de planos de ação preventiva e corretiva a fim de diminuir sua ocorrência. Neste trabalho analisou-se as manifestações patológicas encontradas no viaduto de acesso ao Aeroporto Internacional do Recife, oriundas de uma inspeção prévia, foram aplicados os métodos de gestão integrada da qualidade a fim de avaliar os possíveis danos causados à estrutura. A combinação dos métodos permitiu a definição da criticidade das manifestações patológicas pela ótica de suas causas básicas e seus efeitos de maior relevância, configurando-se como uma importante ferramenta para a análise sistêmica de patologias em estruturas de concreto armado.
The Discovery of Macitentan – A Standard Medicinal Chemistry Program?
Authors: Bolli Martin H.
Published: August 2017

A plethora of properties are typically studied during a medicinal chemistry program and many of these parameters may shape the cascade of compound selection. Given the task to discover a molecule with a profile superior to that of the dual endothelin receptor antagonist bosentan, we
tailored our compound profiling cascade to the specific properties that were not optimal in bosentan, namely in vivo efficacy and safety. Contrary to conventional thinking, we therefore focused on corresponding in vivo experiments. In the following, we highlight and illustrate
some key learnings of our approach that led to the discovery of macitentan (1), an orally available potent dual endothelin receptor antagonist approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Profragrance Chemistry as an Interdisciplinary Research Area and Key Technology for Fragrance Delivery
Authors: Herrmann Andreas
Published: August 2017

Profragrances or properfumes are important delivery systems for the controlled release of volatile compounds. They constitute an essential part of a series of commercial body care and household products to ensure the long-lastingness of perfume perception in practical application. Fragrances
are released from their respective precursors by covalent bond cleavage under mild environmental conditions. Originating from organic chemistry, modern profragrance research has evolved to a truly interdisciplinary research area covering supramolecular science, physical chemistry, analytical
chemistry and various aspects of materials science. The present report highlights some of the profragrance technologies developed at Firmenich during the past 20 years by focusing on hydrolytically cleavable conjugates and photolabile precursors.
Layanan bimbingan kelompok dalam meningkatkan interaksi sosial siswa
Authors: Riansyah Hafit , Wulandari Wulandari
Published: August 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas layanan bimbingan kelompok dalam meningkatkan interaksi sosial siswa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan quasi eksperimenmelaluinonequivalent control group design. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan angket. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah 10 siswa. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan paired sample t test. Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah layanan bimbingan kelompok dapat meningkatkan interaksi sosial siswa.
Kemampuan komunikasi antar pribadi dan motivasi mengajar terhadap kinerja guru sekolah menengah atas Jakarta Timur
Authors: Ruth Burju
Published: August 2017

Komunikasi adalah proses penyampaian pikiran atau perasaan oleh seseorang (komunikator) kepada orang lain (komunikan). Saling mempengaruhi antara motivasi untuk berbuat sesuatu sesuai dengan kemampuan komunikasi yang telah dimiliki seseorang, dengan kinerja yang dihasilkan oleh orang tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemampuan komunikasi antarpribadi dan motivasi mengajar terhadap kinerja guru. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey. Sampel sebesar 57 orang yang dipilih secara random dari seluruh guru SMA Trisoko dan Pusaka 1 di Jakarta Timur. Pengumpulan data dengan menyebarkan angket kepada responden. Hasil penelitian   terlihat dari uji hipotesis bahwa nilai Sig = 0.000 dan Fhitung = 84,147, sedangkan Ftabel = 4,013. Karena nilai Sig < 0,05 dan Fhitung > Ftabel maka H0 di tolak yang berarti koefisien regresi tersebut signifikan. Dengan demikian terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan variabel bebas kemampuan komunikasi antarpribadi (X1) dan motivasi mengajar (X2) secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja guru (Y).
Hubungan self efficacy, self esteem dan perilaku prokrastinasi siswa madrasah aliyah negeri di Malang Raya
Authors: Putrisari Friska , Hambali IM , Handarini Dany M
Published: August 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara self efficacy dan self esteem dengan perilaku prokrastinasi siswa Madrasah Aliyah Negeri di Malang Raya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yaitu korelasi regresi berganda. Analisis data menggunakan bantuan program SPSS 23.0 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara self efficacy dan self esteem memiliki hubungan secara signifikan dengan nilai p = ,000. Hubungan antar variabel termasuk kedalam kriteria sedang dengan nilai R = ,432.Self efficacy dan self esteem menyumbang sebesar 18,7% pengaruh terhadap perilaku prokrastinasi. Perhitungan secara parsial didapatkan hasil yaitu hubungan antara self efficacy dengan prokrastinasi memiliki hubungan yang sangat signifikan dengan nilai p = ,015. Hubungan keduanya masuk kedalam kriteria rendah dengan nilai r = -2,443. Sedangkan antara self esteem dengan prokrastinasi memiliki hubungan sangat signifikan dengan nilai p = ,000. Hubungan keduanya termasuk dalam kriteria tinggi dengan nilai r = -8,056.
Spitting in the soup: disain intervensi dalam konseling untuk mereduksi perilaku maladaptif pada remaja
Authors: Ratnasari Devi
Published: August 2017

Dilatarbelakangi berbagai peristiwa yang mengindikasikan banyaknya perilaku maladaptif oleh remaja, artikel ini bertujuan memberikan wawasan tentang penggunaan teknik “spitting in the soup” sebagai salah satu disain dalam konseling Adlerian yang berupaya untuk mereduksi perilaku maladaptif remaja. Teknik ini merupakan intervensi untuk membuat konseli sadar tentang tindakannya yang salah dan harus diperbaiki. Perilaku konseli pelan-pelan dihilangkan dengan cara menghapus reward yang didapatkan dari perilakunya. Teknik “spitting in the soup” dilakukan dengan empat tahapan yaitu; 1) membentuk hubungan yang ramah dan akrab dengan konseli, 2) mengidentifikasi kesalahan dasar konseli, 3) bertanya dan meminta izin pada konseli untuk berbagi wawasan tentang pola perilaku berulang yang kurang tepat, 4) konselor melakukan peludahan terhadap sup (masalah konseli) dan membahas reaksi konseli secara terbuka tentang langkah konselor tersebut.
Gambaran konsep diri siswa di sekolah menengah kejuruan sumbangsih Jakarta Selatan
Authors: Folastri Sisca , Prasetyaningtyas Wahyu Eka
Published: August 2017

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran terkait konsep diri siswa SMK Sumbangsih Jakarta selatan ditinjau dari empat aspek (kondisi fisik, hubungan sosial, keadaan emosional, dan kemampuan intelektual). Sekolah bertanggung jawab meningkatkan mutu pendidikan dan mengembangkan konsep diri siswa ke arah yang positif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 45 orang siswa menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa konsep diri siswa SMK Sumbangsih Jakarta Selatan berada pada kategori sangat tinggi. Simpulan penelitian yaitu siswa SMK Sumbangsih memiliki konsep diri yang sangat tinggi dan tinggi baik dilihat dari aspek kondisi fisik, hubungan sosial, keadaan emosional dan kemampuan intelektual. Implikasi hasil penelitian bagi guru BK adalah sebagai dasar penyusunan program pelayanan BK guna menumbuhkembangkan konsep diri siswa ke arah yang positif.
ANALISIS EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN SKILLS LAB KEPERAWATAN ANAK
Authors: Sulami S
Published: August 2017

Evaluasi pembelajaran merupakan kegiatan penilaian untuk mengukur dan mengetahui tercapai tidaknya tujuan pembelajaran serta mengontrol ketepatan suatu metode yang digunakan oleh guru terhadap siswa(Sudjana, 2009). Berdasarkan hasil studi pendahuluan pada Akper Patria Husada Suarakarta dalam hasil evaluasi pembelajaran akhir program menggunakan metode OSCA, sedangkan ujian skills lab pada akhir semester belum menggunakan metode OSCA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran mengenai evaluasi pembelajaran skills lab Keperawatan Anak di Akper Patria Husada Surakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan jenis pene-litian deskriptif kualitatif dengan studi kasus terpancang (embedded case study research). Pengo-lahan data dilakukan dengan cara deskriptif isi (content analysis) dengan menggunakan model analisis interaktif yang meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi/ penarikan kesimpulan. Evaluasi pembelajaran skills lab keperawatan anak yang sudah dilakukan di Akper Patria Husada Surakarta adalah Ujian Tengah Semester dan Ujian Akhir Semester yang telah dilakukan sesuai dengan jadual yang telah direncanakan dengan menggunakan soal dalam bentuk multiple choice dan esay, akan tetapi belum menggunakan metode OSCA. Sedangkan evaluasi hasil belajar di akhir program telah dijalankan sesuai dengan rencana menggunakan metode OSCA dengan menggunakan tool (checklist). Evaluasi pembelajaran skills lab kepera-watan anak di Akper Patria Husada Surakarta, pada ujian akhir program sudah dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode OSCA.Namun pada penyelenggaraan ujian skills lab pada akhir semester belum menggunakan metode OSCA.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN LATAR BELAKANG PENDIDIKAN DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA
Authors: Yuliawan Anton
Published: August 2017

Hubungan Antara Motivasi Belajar dan Latar Belakang Pendidikan dengan Prestasi Belajar Mahasiswa di Akademi Keperawatan Patria Husada Surakart. Tujuan Penelitian: (1) Adakah hubungan antara motivasi belajar dengan prestasi belajar mahasiswa (2) Adakah hubungan antara latar belakang pendidikan dengan prestasi belajar mahasiswa (3) Adakah hubungan antara motivasi belajar dan latar belakang pendidikan dengan prestasi belajar mahasiswa di Akademi Keperawatan Paria Husada Surakarta. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif korelatif. Teknik sampling adalah total sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi: observasi, wawancara dan angket, sedangkan tehnik analisis data menggunakan Logistik Regresi. Hasil Penelitian: Variabel X1 (motivasi) dan variable X2 berpengaruh signifikan terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa (Y) karena masing-masing variabel independent mempunyai nilai P value < 0,05. Dari persamaan logistic regression didapat bahwa log off odds prestasi belajar (Y) akan lebih tinggi secara positif berhubungan dengan motivasi belajar siswa (X1) dan latar belakang pendidikan (X2). Setiap unit kenaikan motivasi belajar (X1) akan meningkatkan log of odds prestasi belajar sebesar 2,401 dan setiap unit perubahan latar belakang pendidikan (X2) akan meningkat log of odds prestasi belajar sebesar 1,937. Kesimpulan Penelitian: (1) Ada hubungan antara motivasi belajar dengan prestasi belajar mahasiswa, berarti bahwa makin tinggi motivasi belajar mahasiswa maka makin tinggi pula pencapaian prestasi belajarnya, (2) Ada hubungan antara latar belakang pendidikan dengan prestasi belajar mahasiswa, hal ini menggambarkan bahwa pendidikan SMA khususnya jurusan IPA memberikan kontribusi besar terhadap pencapaian prestasi yang lebih memuaskan, (3) Ada hubungan antara motivasi belajar dan latar belakang pendidikan dengan prestasi belajar mahasiswa di Akademi Keperawatan Patria Husada Surakarta, diartikan bahwa motivasi belajar yang tinggi dan didukung dengan latar belakang pendidikan SMA khususnya IPA memberikan kontribusi yang besar terhadap pencapaian prestasi belajar mahasiswa yang tinggi di Akademi Keperawatan Patria Husada Surakarta.
PENGARUH KOMBINASI BLADDER TRAINING DAN KEGEL EXERCISE TERHADAP PEMULIHAN INKONTINENSIA PADA PADA PASIEN STROKE
Authors: Ernawati E
Published: August 2017

Stroke adalah suatu gangguan fungsi saraf akut yang disebabkan oleh adanya gangguan peredaran darah otak secara mendadak (dalam beberapa detik) atau secara cepat (dalam beberapa jam) timbul gejala dan tanda sesuai dengan daerah fokal di otak yang terganggu. Komplikasi akibat stroke diantaranya adalah lemahnya otot spingter uretra yang mengendalikan kemampuan berkemihpasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh kombinasi bladder training dan kegel exercise terhadap pemulihanin kontinensia urine pada pasien stroke di Ruang Tulip Rumah Sakit Dr. Dradjat Prawiranegara Serang. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen pre test and post test one group design. Populasi adalah semua pasien stroke di RS dr. Dradjat Prawiranegara berjumlah 112 orang. Sampel yang diambil adalah 36 respondendengan intervenesibladder training selama 3 haridilanjutkankegel exercise selama 7 hari.Pengukuran inkontinen dengan menggunakan Sandvik Severity Scale, sedangkan intervensi bladder training dan kegel exercise menggunakan SOP yang telah dibakukan. Hasil didapatkan rata-rata scor inkontinensia urine mengalami penurunan dengan intervensi bladder training sebesar 0,92. Umur secara bersama-sama mempengaruhi bladder training dan kegel exercise dan mempengaruhi pemulihan inkontinensia urine sebesar 0,002 . Adapengaruh yang bermakna intervensibladder training dankegel exercise terhadap pemulihan inkontinensia urine dengan p-value 0,000 dan r: 1,16. Pemulihan inkontinensia urine dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan intervensi bladder training dan kegel exercise.
TINGKAT KEPUASAN PASIEN TERHADAP PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DI PUSKESMAS BATURETNO
Authors: Handayani Sri
Published: August 2017

Salah satu upaya pembangunan dalam bidang kesehatan adalah tersedianya pelayanan kesehatan yang berkualitas. Kepuasan pasien merupakan salah satu indikator keberhasilan pemberian pelayanan kesehatan kepada masyarakat. Kepuasan pelayanan jasa kesehatan tercapai jika apa yang didapatkan pasien melebihi harapannya. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan kesehatan, sehingga dapat diketahui unsur yang dipertahankan dan diperbaiki oleh puskesmas dan dapat lebih meningkatkan kualitas pelayanannya. Variabel penelitian adalah kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan rawat jalan di puskesmas yang meliputi loket pendaftaran, pelayanan dokter, pelayanan perawat, pelayanan bidan, pelayanan fasilitas medis dan non medis dan keadaan lingkungan fisik dengan subvariabel berwujud, keandalan. empati, ketanggapan, dan jaminan. Populasi penelitian adalah pengunjung Puskesmas Baturetno pada bulan Mei 2016. Metode pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling. Sampel diambil 228 orang. Pengumpulan data dimulai dari jam buka pendaftaran sampai selesai dilaksanakan. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner yang berisi 30 item. Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan membandingkan harapan dan pengalaman yang menggambarkan tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan kesehatan dalam aspek berwujud 72,76 %, keandalan 72,09 %, empati 72,89 %, ketanggapan 72,88%, dan jaminan 72,22 %. Tingkat kepuasan secara keseluruhan, 72,58 % dikategorikan puas.
ANALISA PENGETAHUAN IBU NIFAS TERHADAP TANDA BAHAYA BAYI BARU LAHIR
Authors: Hidayah Nur , Wulandari Fitri
Published: August 2017

Angka Kematian Anak tetap menjadi masalah serius di Indonesia. Dari data survei demografi angka kematian balita sebesar 44 per 1000 kelahiran hidup. Angka kematian bayi 34 per 1000 kelahiran hidup dan angka kematian neonatal 19 per 1000 kelahiran hidup. Angka kematian bayi di Kabupaten Karanganyar 116,34 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Kematian bayi baru lahir (87%) dapat dicegah apabila dideteksi dini bayi resiko cepat diketahui.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakteristik responden berdasarkan umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan dan gambaran tingkat pengetahuan ibu nifas tentang tanda bahaya bayi baru lahir di RSUD Karanganyar Tahun 2013. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di RSUD Karanganyar. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh ibu nifas yang dirawat di Bangsal Kenanga RSUD Karanganyar bulan Mei 2013. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 58 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah teknik accidental sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa data dengan analisa univariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan ibu nifas tentang tanda bahaya bayi baru lahir responden dengan tingkat pengetahuan baik, yaitu sebanyak 14 responden (24,1%), responden dengan pengetahuan cukup sebanyak 34 responden (58,6%),), dan sebagian besar dengan tingkat pengetahuan kurang, yaitu sebanyak 10 responden (17,2%). Tingkat pengetahuan ibu nifas tentang tanda bahaya bayi baru lahir, sebagian besar dengan tingkat pengetahuannya cukup.
Application of the “Teaching Innovation Practice Platform” in English Reading Instruction
Authors: Kuang Yucen
Published: August 2017

Since Shanghai started the second phase of the elementary and middle school curriculum reform in 1998, teachers have been encouraged and expected to incorporate new technology to support teaching and learning, both in and out of the classrooms, so that students can get skills such as problem-solving, team-working, and time-management more efficiently. Consequently, in order to improve students' English reading comprehension skills, a brand new online learning platform named “Teaching Innovation Practice Platform” (TIPP) was developed and implemented to enhance English reading instruction at a public middle school in Shanghai in 2010. After several years of implementation, the platform has not only strengthened the interaction and communication between teachers and students but also improved students' learning. In the following sections, the current status of English reading instruction, the online learning platform TIPP and its application, as well as the impact on teaching and learning are described in detail.
Contextual Factors of Online Teacher Education in TESOL
Authors: Shin Dong-shin
Published: August 2017

The chapter introduces a case study of online language teacher education in a TESOL master's course. Drawing on sociocultural theories, it aims to investigate the patterns of interactions among students and the instructor in online teacher training, and factors that shape the efficacy of quality online language teacher education. Various domains of data were collected and analyzed using analytical codes such as employed tools, participation patterns, rules of interactions, divisions of labor among participants, and goals. The findings suggest that the teacher trainee participants increased active participation among themselves, promoting mutually supportive relationships. The students' participation and learning outcomes were shaped by the learning communities they built, along with diverse pedagogical interests and different perceptions of collaborative work.
Confronting Africa's Economic Downturn Through Broadband Investment
Authors: Adekunle Suraj Olunifesi
Published: August 2017

This paper examines the prospect of broadband infrastructural investment by African countries in the light of the current economic recession. It observed that oil reserves unlike before can no longer sustain economies as it is evident in some oil producing African countries presently undergoing economic recession. The paper further observed that Broadband Infrastructural investment has been employed as a counter-cyclical tool to create jobs and provide the foundation for economic recovery and long-term sustained growth by most countries that once experience recession. Hence, having observed that, there are compelling statistics which show that there is a correlation between broadband and economic growth, the study is of the opinion that broadband infrastructural deployment in developing countries especially in Africa can help guaranty speedy recovery from economic recession and help ensure sustainable development. However, to ensure maximum return on investment, there is need for a robust Broadband Investment Policy Framework.
Ensuring Effective Tools for a Challenging Task: Amending the Animal Welfare Act’s Animal Fighting Venture Civil Asset Forfeiture Provision
Authors: Huss Rebecca J
Published: August 2017

Ensuring Effective Tools for a Challenging Task: Amending the Animal Welfare Act’s Animal Fighting Venture Civil Asset Forfeiture Provision
Pulverized Mangifera indica (Mango) Seed-kernel Modulated Serum Lipid Profile in Monosodium Glutamate-challenged Rats
Authors: Egbuonu Anthony Cemaluk C. , Ekwuribe Gladys A.
Published: August 2017

Mangifera indica seed kernel was assessed for antinutirent content and effects on serum lipid profile of monosodium glutamate-challenged rats. Group A rats received 8000 mg/kg body weight, b.w of monosodium glutamate (MSG). Group B rats received the sample extract (300 mg/kg b.w). Group C rats were sham-administered distilled water. Groups D and E rats received 8000 mg/kg b.w of MSG in addition to 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w, respectively of sample extract. Tannin (29.21±5.39 mg/100 g) was highest (p<0.05) while phytate (0.38±0.02 mg/100g) was least. After fourteen days daily oral exposure, MSG-exposed rats had higher (p<0.05) total cholesterol (CHOL), triacylglycerol (TAG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) but lower (p<0.05) high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration compared to rats in the other groups. MSG-intoxicated rats co-treated respectively with 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w of the extract had dose dependent reduction (p<0.05) compared to the corresponding effects in non-extract-co-treated MSG-intoxicated rats. Compared to others, rats in the Extract group had higher (p<0.05) CHOL: TAG but lower (p<0.05) TAG:CHOL ratios while rats in the MSG-group had higher (p<0.05) HDL:LDL but lower (p<0.05) LDL:HDL ratios. Results demonstrated the preponderance of tannin in, and significant serum lipid lowering potential in normal and MSG-challenged rats of, the sample. Studies using antinutrient-process-reduced sample in hyperlipidemia-related health-challenged models and collaborating the suggested implication of lipid-profile-component-ratios are warranted and recommended.
An in-house Composix™-based pubovaginal sling trial for female stress urinary incontinence: Five-year comparative followup to tension-free and transobturator vaginal tapes
Authors: Ben-Zvi Tal , Moore Katherine , Haidar Nadim , Gregoire Mireille
Published: August 2017

Introduction: We compared the efficacy of three slings in the long-term treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI): tension-free vaginal tape (TVT), vaginal tape-obturator (TVT-O), and an in-housetwo-layered polypropylene mesh with a submicronic polytetrafluoroethylene (Composix™). Our primary endpoint was the objective measurement of continence (24-hour pad test). Secondarily, we measured the satisfaction and complication rates.Methods: This prospective, non-randomized study included 128 patients with SUI. Preoperative evaluation included medical history, physical exam, 24-hour pad test, Urinary Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (IQOL), FPSUND, and global satisfaction questionnaires. Patients were followed at one month postoperative, biannually for two years, and then annually for a total of five years. Followup visits included a focused questionnaire, physical exam, satisfaction questionnaire, 24-hour pad test, IQOL, and FPSUND questionnaires.Results: Composix, TVT, and TVT-O groups included 60, 34, and 34 patients, respectively. No significant differences were found in baseline characteristics except for the pad test. Length of catheterization was the only immediate operative significant parameter (Composix 4.7 days vs. TVT 1.1 days vs. TVT-O 2.6 days; p=0.03). The entire cohort had significant improvements in their IQOL, FPSUND, and pad test at one and four years (p<0.01). The cohortwide 24-hour pad test average weight was 30.4 g preoperatively vs. 5 g at 12 months (p<0.00001) (Composix 37 to 5 g, TVT 83 to 4 g, and TVT-O 55 to 5 g). The Composix group had a higher number of minor complications (Clavien I, II) and secondary procedures.Conclusions: This single-surgeon cohort with five-year followup demonstrated a large improvement and maintenance of continence in all three surgical groups. The Composix-based sling provided comparable continence outcomes at a fraction of the cost; however, its increased morbidity and higher complication rate raise concerns over future use
De strekkingsbeperking binnen het Europese mededingingsrecht: het EVA-Hof puzzelt mee
Authors: Mulder J.
Published: August 2017

De strekkingsbeperking binnen het Europese mededingingsrecht: het EVA-Hof puzzelt mee

Deze uitspraak van het Hof van de Europese Vrijhandelsassociatie gaat in op een langslepende discussie omtrent de invulling van het onderzoek dat vereist is om te kunnen concluderen dat sprake is van een mededingingsrechtelijke strekkingsbeperking. Lange tijd was sprake van onduidelijkheid omtrent de exacte rol van de mededingingsbeperkende gevolgen binnen dit onderzoek. In de Cartes Bancaires-uitspraak heeft het Hof van Justitie besloten dat voor strekkingsbeperkingen geen enkel onderzoek is vereist naar de concrete gevolgen mits de overeenkomst behoort tot een categorie gedragingen waarvan de ervaring leert dat zij in voldoende mate de mededinging nadelig kunnen beïnvloeden. Daarnaast moet worden vastgesteld dat een overeenkomst in het licht van de economische en juridische context in staat is de mededinging te beperken. Het Hof van de Europese Vrijhandelsassociatie volgt deze benadering op een zeer heldere en systematische wijze. Na lezing van de uitspraak rijst echter de vraag: ontaardt een beoordeling van de economische en juridische context in bepaalde marktsituaties niet toch in een beoordeling van de gevolgen van een overeenkomst?

EVA-Hof 22 december 2016, zaak E-03/16, Ski Taxi, Follo Taxi/Noorwegen
Fluency: an aim in teaching and a criterion in assessment
Authors: Simensen Aud Marit
Published: August 2017

This article investigates the concept ‘fluency’ from different perspectives. When fluency is an aim in teaching, a thorough comprehension of the concept among teachers is a prerequisite for appropriate planning of instruction, including the choice of appropriate classroom activities. When fluency is an assessment criterion, it is even more important that examiners have a shared perception of the concept. The present article starts by presenting common perceptions of the concept and goes on to explore some of the current research. Next, it provides a historical overview of the place of fluency in teaching theory and explains some of the preconditions for the inclusion of this concept among teaching objectives and assessment criteria. It will also, as an illustration, give an outline of the position of the concept over time in the Norwegian school system on the basis of an analysis of the relevant syllabuses. Finally, the article explicates the notion of language use as a complex cognitive skill and explores current method¬ological ideas about teaching towards fluency.
A Comparative Study of Three Key Features in the Design and Practice of Teacher Education in the United States and Norway: Part II. Findings from a Study in Norway [VISIONS 2011: Teacher Education]
Authors: Hammerness Karen Moore
Published: August 2017

This paper draws upon recent research on program features that characterize powerful teacher education. Based upon research and scholarship in the U.S., suggests that teacher education programs need to promote a clear vision of teachers and teaching; must be coherent, reflecting a shared understanding of teaching and learning among faculty and students; and finally, that they need to be built around a strong core curriculum deeply tied to teaching practice. However, we know little about whether these features also characterize powerful teacher education programs in other countries. To start to address that gap, I describe research from two separate studies, one conducted in the United States and one in Norway. Both studies examined the visions, coherence, and relationship to practice in a range of teacher education programs. In this second paper, I share the findings from the Norwegian study. An opportunity to look across two contexts at the same features helps provide some initial insights about key characteristics of teacher education that may matter most.
Fremmedspråk på barnetrinnet - quo vadis?
Authors: Bjørke Camilla , Grønn Berit
Published: August 2017

Artikkelen har som hovedtema fremmedspråk på barnetrinnet, og tar for seg muntlig kompetanse elever på 7. trinn har tilegnet seg i faget spansk. Fokus er på lytte- og samtalestrategier samt ulike læringsarenaer og språklig input. I artikkelen belyses også hvilke kompetanser forfatterne mener vil bli viktige i fremmedspråkopplæringen på barnetrinnet i årene framover.
Utdanna skoleleiar – nye spenningar?
Authors: Abrahamsen Hedvig , Syse Ingrid , Øydvin Astrid
Published: August 2017

Føremålet med studien er å auke kunnskapen om den norske rektorutdanninga ved å undersøkje korleis eit utval skoleleiarar beskriv kva nye spenningar dei opplever i leiarkvardagen sin etter at dei har gjennomført studiet. Gjennom analyse av fokusgruppeintervju og e-postintervju med skoleleiarar identifiserer vi tre område for spenningar. Vi beskriv desse som balanseøvingar som skoleleiarane opplever at dei må handtere i kvardagen. Den første er forventningar og nye krav, den andre er balansen mellom nærleik og distanse til lærarane, og den tredje handlar om å balansere ulike kompetansar. Det teoretiske rammeverket belyser perspektiv på leiing som individualistisk eller systemisk og korleis kopling mellom teori og praksis aukar profesjonsforståinga. Utvikling av fagspråk er eit sentralt element i dette. Ein av implikasjonane som blir løfta fram, er at rektorutdanninga bør bevisstgjere studentane på at ny kompetanse og endra forståing av leiarrolla kan gi nye spenningar.Nøkkelord: rektorutdanning, leiing, spenningarAbstractThis study aims at increasing our knowledge about the national school leadership program in Norway by investigating how school leaders describe new tensions they experience in their day-to-day practices after they have finished the program. Through analyses of focus group interviews and e-mail interviews with previous school leader students, three areas of tension are identified. These tensions are in this article described as balancing exercises. The first balancing exercise is situated between expectations and new demands, the second one is described as balancing between being close to and being distant from the teachers, and the third balancing exercise focuses on the situation where some school leaders have participated in training programs, while others have not. The theoretical framing of this investigation illuminates individualistic and systemic perspectives on school leadership and how connecting theory and practice may increase understanding of one’s own profession. The development of a professional language is central. One of the implications put forward is that the school leadership program should make the students aware of and focus on the fact that new competencies and changed understanding of the leadership role may give new school leaders new challenges.Keywords: national school leadership program, leadership, tensions
Fagdidaktikk og fremmedspråksdidaktikk. Et forsøk på å plassere 2. fremmedspråk i et fagdidaktisk perspektiv.1
Authors: Heimark Gunn Elin
Published: August 2017

I denne artikkelen blir først begrepet didaktikk problematisert generelt, før fremmedspråkdidaktikken som felt blir nærmere beskrevet. I den forbindelse settes søkelyset på hva som er spesielt for læring og undervisning av 2. fremmedspråk og hvilke implikasjoner dette bør ha for 2. fremmedspråks didaktikk.
Aplicação de uma proposta para a medição de desempenho de um sistema de gestão da qualidade
Authors: Silveira Orlando Ferreira da , Michelin Claudia De Freitas , Siluk Julio Cezar Mairesse
Published: August 2017

Currently in the corporate world growing focus by the speed that process changes, driven by frequent technological innovations, the performance of the economy and the strong competition established in its market. In this way, the incessant search for continuous improvement in organizations demands the implementation of systemic and measurable management systems, as a means to reduce vulnerability in relation to the impact caused by competitive forces. The present work, developed in two companies of the food industry, The Coca-Cola Company and Heineken Brazil, aims to verify the application and the contributions of a proposal of performance measurement of a quality management system, aiming to facilitate and Guide the measurement and analysis of the process of continuous improvement and the sustainability of organizational performance. Methodologically, a mapping and diagnosis was carried out to carry out a case study. Thus, it can be stated that the tool developed and its simulation contributed to the proactive, integrated and continuous measurement of the process of analysis of the implementation, improvement and performance of the quality management system, demonstrating the percentage of non-conformity of 1.01% for this system.
Os Estudos em Administração se Perderam no Meio do Aaminho? Ideias para Pesquisas mais Construtivas e Inovadoras
Authors: Alvesson Mats , Sandberg Jörgen
Published: August 2017

Apesar do grande crescimento no número de artigos em administração publicados durante as últimas três décadas, existe uma escassez de pesquisas de alto impacto em estudos sobre administração. Nós acreditamos que a principal razão por trás dessa escassez paradoxal é o predomínio quase total de pesquisas de identificação de lacunas em estudos sobre administração. Esse predomínio é ainda mais paradoxal quando é bem sabido que pesquisas de identificação de lacunas raramente culminam em teorias influentes. Identificamos três principais forças agindo por trás desse duplo paradoxo: condições institucionais, normas profissionais e as construções de identidade dos pesquisadores. Discutimos o quanto algumas mudanças específicas nessas forças podem reduzir a escassez de teorias influentes de estudos em administração. Também apontamos para duas metodologias que podem encorajar e facilitar uma pesquisa mais construtiva e inovadora e revisões de normas e identidades acadêmicas.
SARS-CoV-2 Infection and New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Among Pediatric Patients, 2020 to 2022
Authors: Miller Margaret G. , Terebuh Pauline , Kaelber David C. , Xu Rong , Davis Pamela B.
Published: October 2024

Importance

In adults, diagnoses of new-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) have increased following diagnosis with COVID-19, but whether this occurs in children is unclear.

Objective

To determine whether risk of incident T2D diagnosis is increased during the 6 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection among children.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This retrospective cohort study used electronic health records from the TriNetX analytics platforms between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2022. Pediatric patients aged 10 to 19 years without preexisting diabetes were eligible for inclusion. Data were analyzed from August 15 to September 15, 2023, with supplemental analyses January 20 and August 8 to 13, 2024.

Exposures

Diagnosis of COVID-19 or a non–COVID-19 respiratory infection.

Main Outcomes and Measures

New diagnosis of T2D compared by risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs at 1, 3, and 6 months after index infection.

Results

The main study population included 613 602 patients, consisting of 306 801 with COVID-19 (mean [SD] age at index, 14.9 [2.9] years; 52.8% female) and 306 801 with other respiratory infections (ORIs) but no documented COVID-19 (mean [SD] age at index, 14.9 [2.9] years; 52.6% female) after propensity score matching. Risk of a new diagnosis of T2D was significantly increased from day of infection to 1, 3, and 6 months after COVID-19 diagnosis compared with the matched cohort with ORIs (RR at 1 month, 1.55 [95% CI, 1.28-1.89]; RR at 3 months: 1.48 [95% CI, 1.24-1.76]; RR at 6 months: 1.58 [95% CI, 1.35-1.85]). Similar results were found in the subpopulation classified as having overweight or obesity (RR at 1 month: 2.07 [95% CI, 1.12-3.83]; RR at 3 months: 2.00 [95% CI, 1.15-3.47]; RR at 6 months: 2.27 [95% CI, 1.38-3.75]) and the hospitalized subpopulation (RR at 1 month: 3.10 [95% CI, 2.04-4.71]; RR at 3 months: 2.74 [95% CI, 1.90-3.96]; RR at 6 months: 2.62 [95% CI, 1.87-3.66]). Similar elevation in risk was found at 3 and 6 months when excluding patients diagnosed during the interval from the index date to 1 month after infection.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this retrospective cohort study of children and adolescents aged 10 to 19 years, the risk of an incident diagnosis of T2D was greater following a COVID-19 diagnosis than in children diagnosed with ORIs. Further study is required to determine whether diabetes persists or reverses later in life.
Patterns of Migration Following Dementia Diagnosis
Authors: Rahman Momotazur , Thapa Bishnu Bahadur , Santostefano Christopher , Gozalo Pedro , Muench Ulrike , Kosar Cyrus M. , Oh Hyesung , White Elizabeth , Mor Vincent
Published: October 2024

Importance

Diseases have historically prompted individual relocations to mitigate the risk of disease acquisition or improve access to care. As dementia prevalence increases, comprehending the migration patterns of affected individuals is vital for public policy.

Objective

To quantify the association of dementia diagnosis with migration patterns by examining the proportion of individuals with dementia who relocate, the timing of their moves relative to diagnosis, and the nature of their new living arrangements, whether in institutional settings or different households.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study leveraged a comprehensive dataset of national Medicare claims and assessments spanning from 2012 to 2020, including Medicare Beneficiary Summary File and nursing home administrative datasets. The study focused on beneficiaries who received diagnoses in 2016 of dementia, myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or colon cancer. Analyses were performed from March 2023 to August 2024.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was migration, defined as change in county or state. The analysis distinguished between migrations with and without a nursing home stay. By tracking patients’ residential county for 4 years before and after diagnosis, a difference-in-differences approach was used to contrast migration tendencies associated with dementia against the other 3 conditions.

Results

The sample included 1 626 127 Medicare beneficiaries (mean [SD] age, 80.1 [8.0] years; 922 194 women [56.7%]) who received diagnoses of the 4 conditions in 2016. In total, 818 862 had a new dementia diagnosis (age, 82.0 [7.8] years; 492 146 women [60.1%]). Comparing between the prediagnosis and postdiagnosis months, the proportion migrating to a different county increased by 8.5 percentage points (95% CI, 7.6-9.4 percentage points) for individuals with dementia and between 4.2 to 5.8 percentage points among those with myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or colon cancer. The difference-in-difference estimates indicated a 3.9 percentage point (95% CI, 3.7-4.0 percentage points) increase in intercounty migration and a 1.9 percentage point (95% CI, 1.8-2.0 percentage points) increase in interstate migration for patients with dementia, effectively doubling the likelihood of migration compared with the other conditions. Of the excess migrations resulting from dementia diagnosis, 55% occurred in community settings, and 45% occurred in institutional settings.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this retrospective cohort study of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries, dementia was associated with a marked increase in migration rates over other major illnesses. This finding underscores the need to understand the factors associated with these distinct migration behaviors.
Risk of Suicidal Ideation or Attempts in Adolescents With Obesity Treated With GLP1 Receptor Agonists
Authors: Kerem Liya , Stokar Joshua
Published: October 2024

Importance

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1R) are increasingly being used for the treatment of obesity in adolescents. It is currently unknown whether GLP1R treatment is associated with suicidal ideation or attempts in this population.

Objective

To investigate the association between GLP1R initiation and suicidal ideation or attempts in adolescents with obesity.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Retrospective propensity score–matched cohort study using electronic health records from the TriNetX global federated network between December 2019 and June 2024. The analysis included data from 120 health care organizations, mainly from the USA. Participants were adolescents aged 12 to 18 years with a diagnosis of obesity and evidence of an antiobesity GLP1R prescription or lifestyle intervention without GLP1R within the following year. Cohorts were balanced for baseline demographic characteristics, psychiatric medications and comorbidities, and diagnoses associated with socioeconomic status and health care access using propensity score matching.

Exposure

Initial prescription of GLP1R (study cohort) or lifestyle intervention without GLP1R (control cohort).

Main Outcomes and Measures

Incidence of suicidal ideation or attempts based on International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision codes recorded in patient electronic health records during 12 months of follow-up. Diagnoses of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) were used as negative control outcomes, and gastrointestinal symptoms (GI) were used as positive control outcomes.

Results

A total of 4052 adolescents with obesity and a concomitant antiobesity intervention were identified for the GLP1R cohort and 50 112 were identified for the control cohort. Propensity score matching resulted in 3456 participants in each balanced cohort. Prescription of GLP1R was associated with a 33% reduced risk for suicidal ideation or attempts over 12 months of follow-up (1.45% vs 2.26%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.67; 95% CI, 0.47-0.95; P = .02) and a higher rate of GI symptoms (6.9% vs 5.4%; HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.12-1.78; P = .003) but no difference in rates of URTI diagnoses.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this study, adolescents with obesity prescribed a GLP1R had a lower incidence of suicidal ideation or attempts compared with matched patients not prescribed GLP1R who were treated with lifestyle intervention. These results suggest a favorable psychiatric safety profile of GLP1R in adolescents. The detected reduction in HRs for suicidal ideation among adolescents with obesity prescribed GLP1R suggests potential avenues for future research.
Asiatic acid impedes NSCLC progression by inhibiting COX‐2 and modulating PI3K signaling
Authors: Singh Jyoti , Hussain Yusuf , Meena Abha , Sinha Rohit Anthony , Luqman Suaib
Published: October 2024

Non‐small cell lung cancer comprises up to 85% of lung cancer cases and has a poor prognosis. At present, there are still no effective treatments for this illness. Evidence suggests that the prostaglandin [cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2)] and leukotriene [lipoxygenase‐5 (5‐LOX)] pathways are involved in lung cancer carcinogenesis. Therefore, novel agents that target COX‐2 and 5‐LOX may have therapeutic potential. In the present study, we examined the role of asiatic acid (AA), a triterpenoid saponin, in targeting the protein kinases responsible for lung cancer proliferation and mobility. The experimental data revealed that AA inhibited the growth of lung cancer cells (> 50%) and it significantly impeded the proliferation of lung cancer cells by inhibiting COX‐2, which results in downregulation of the phosphotidyl inositol‐3 kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway, leading to an induction of cytotoxic autophagy‐mediated apoptosis. Mechanistically, the expression of mitogen‐activated protein kinase/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase, hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 and vascular endothelial growth factor is downregulated by AA, thereby reducing cell mobility and invasion. It also shows negative osmotic fragility on healthy human erythrocytes. It is concluded that AA may be a viable therapeutic drug for non‐small cell lung cancer treatment, which opens new opportunities for synthesizing analogues.