bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐ and 7‐Oxa Trinems: Their Synthesis and Biological Evaluation.
Authors: ANDREOTTI D. , ROSSI T. , MARCHIORO C.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Short Synthesis of an Important Precursor to a New Class of Bicyclic β‐Lactamase Inhibitors.
Authors: BELLETTINI J. R. , MILLER M. J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Polyketide, Secocurvularin, from the Salt Water Culture of a Sponge Derived Fungus.
Authors: ABRELL L. M. , BORGESON B. , CREWS P.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of the cis‐Octahydronaphthalene Nucleus of Superstolides A and B.
Authors: ROUSH W. R. , CHAMPOUX J. A. , PETERSON B. C.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Marine Brown Algae Pheromones.
Authors: LEBRETON J. , ALPHAND V. , FURSTOSS R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Quinoxaline Chemistry. Part 6. Synthesis and Evaluation of Antiulcer and Gastroprotective Activity of 2‐(Arylmethylmercapto‐, Arylmethylsulfinyl‐, Piperazinyl‐3‐R‐substituted) Quinoxalines.
Authors: PIRAS S. , LORIGA M. , PAGLIETTI G. , DEMONTIS M. P. , VARONI M. V. , FATTACCIO M. C. , ANANIA V.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Current Status and Future of Some New Rare Earth Permanent Magnet Materials
Authors: HIROSAWA S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ti‐Modified Mesoporous Molecular Sieves, Ti‐MCM‐41 and Ti‐HMS
Authors: REDDY J. S. , DICKO A. , SAYARI A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Scandium, Yttrium, the Lanthanides, and the Actinides
Authors: COTTON S. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Fullerene‐Like Structures and Nanotubes from Inorganic Compounds
Authors: TENNE R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Phase Transition and Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy of Rare‐ Earth Transition‐Metal Alloys
Authors: GROSSINGER R. , KOU X. C.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermal and Magnetic Properties
Authors: TRISCONE G. , JUNOD A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Microporous Metal‐Oxygen Cluster Compounds (Heteropoly Oxometalates). Synthetic Variables, Nature and Source of the Porosity, Catalytic Applications, and Shape Selectivity
Authors: BONARDET J. L. , CARR K. , FRAISSARD J. , MCGARVEY G. B. , MCMONAGLE J. B. , SEAMY M. , MOFFAT J. B.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Laser Raman Studies of Supported Oxometallates in Their Oxidic, Reduced, and Sulfided States
Authors: PAYEN E. , KASZTELAN S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organometallic Chemistry of Bi‐ and Polynuclear Complexes
Authors: DOHERTY S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: (Fe(diene)(CO)3) Complexes as a Guide in Stereocontrol. Applications to the Asymmetric Synthesis of Natural Products
Authors: IWATA C. , TAKEMOTO Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrocatalytic Reduction of Oxygen Using Water‐Soluble Iron and Cobalt Phthalocyanines and Porphyrins
Authors: KOBAYASHI N. , NEVIN W. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Phthalocyanines as Electrocatalysts for Redox Reactions
Authors: VASUDEVAN P. , PHOUGAT N. , SHUKLA A. K.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phthalocyanines Containing Macrocycles
Authors: BEKAROGLU OE.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal Alkane Complexes
Authors: HALL C. , PERUTZ R. N.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cyclic Ethers and Their Utility in the Synthesis of Terpenoid Compounds
Authors: BANERJEE A. K.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organometallic Compounds of the Group 14 Elements Si, Ge, Sn, Pb
Authors: AUNER N.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Heterocycles Containing a 2‐Isoxazole Moiety Using Intramolecular Nitrile Oxide and Intramolecular Silylnitronate Cycloadditions
Authors: LOUBINOUX B. , GERARDIN P. , SCHNEIDER R. , AHRACH M. , BOELLE J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure‐Activity Relationship of a Series of Analgesic Imidazo(1,2‐b)pyridazine Acidic Derivatives
Authors: LURASCHI E. , ARENA F. , SACCHI A. , LANERI S. , ABIGNENTE E.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Switching of Stereochemistry Using Different Metal Enolate Species for the Construction of β‐Lactam Skeletons
Authors: FUJISAWA T. , SHIMIZU M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Calixarenes
Authors: ARDUINI A. , CASNATI A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction Mechanisms. Part 3. Free‐Radical Reactions
Authors: CADDICK S. , JENKINS K.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction Mechanisms. Part 1. Pericyclic Reactions
Authors: CUNNINGHAM I. D.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymatic C‐C Bond Formation in Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: FESSNER W.‐D. , WALTER C.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Glycopeptides
Authors: SUTTON C. W. , O'NEILL J. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclodextrins: Structures, Functions, and Hydrogen Bonding
Authors: SAENGER W.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleosides
Authors: FERRIER R. J. , BLATTNER R. , CLINCH K. , FURNEAUX R. H. , GARDINER J. M. , TYLER P. C. , WIGHTMAN R. H. , WILLIAMS N. R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Antibiotics. Part 1. Aminoglycosides and Aminocyclitol Derivatives
Authors: FERRIER R. J. , BLATTNER R. , CLINCH K. , FURNEAUX R. H. , GARDINER J. M. , TYLER P. C. , WIGHTMAN R. H. , WILLIAMS N. R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Alditols and Cyclitols
Authors: FERRIER R. J. , BLATTNER R. , CLINCH K. , FURNEAUX R. H. , GARDINER J. M. , TYLER P. C. , WIGHTMAN R. H. , WILLIAMS N. R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Inorganic Derivatives. Part 1. Carbon‐Bonded Phosphorus Derivatives
Authors: FERRIER R. J. , BLATTNER R. , CLINCH K. , FURNEAUX R. H. , GARDINER J. M. , TYLER P. C. , WIGHTMAN R. H. , WILLIAMS N. R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sugar Acids and Lactones
Authors: FERRIER R. J. , BLATTNER R. , CLINCH K. , FURNEAUX R. H. , GARDINER J. M. , TYLER P. C. , WIGHTMAN R. H. , WILLIAMS N. R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Unsaturated Derivatives of Furanoid Glycals
Authors: FERRIER R. J. , BLATTNER R. , CLINCH K. , FURNEAUX R. H. , GARDINER J. M. , TYLER P. C. , WIGHTMAN R. H. , WILLIAMS N. R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Miscellaneous Nitrogen Derivatives
Authors: FERRIER R. J. , BLATTNER R. , CLINCH K. , FURNEAUX R. H. , GARDINER J. M. , TYLER P. C. , WIGHTMAN R. H. , WILLIAMS N. R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Halogeno Sugars
Authors: FERRIER R. J. , BLATTNER R. , CLINCH K. , FURNEAUX R. H. , GARDINER J. M. , TYLER P. C. , WIGHTMAN R. H. , WILLIAMS N. R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Acetals
Authors: FERRIER R. J. , BLATTNER R. , CLINCH K. , FURNEAUX R. H. , GARDINER J. M. , TYLER P. C. , WIGHTMAN R. H. , WILLIAMS N. R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oligosaccharides
Authors: FERRIER R. J. , BLATTNER R. , CLINCH K. , FURNEAUX R. H. , GARDINER J. M. , TYLER P. C. , WIGHTMAN R. H. , WILLIAMS N. R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of α‐Silyl Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: LARSON G. L.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Cleavage of the Silicon‐Carbon Bond: Development, Mechanism, Scope, and Limitations
Authors: TAMAO K.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Dialkyl(fluoro)silylphosphines, Silanediylbisphosphines, Alkali‐Metal ( Dialkylfluorosilyl)phosphides, Bis(dialkylfluorosilyl)phosphines, Diphosphadisilacyclobutanes, Triphosphasilacyclobutanes ‐ R2Si(F)(PHR), R2Si(PHR)2, R2Si(F)P(R)M, (R2SiF)2PR, (R2SiPR)2, R2Si((PR′)2PR)
Authors: KLINGEBIEL U.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Chiral Auxiliaries: Sterically Constrained 2‐ Oxazolidinones and Derived Amino Alcohols
Authors: ISHIZUKA T. , KUNIEDA T.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Buckybowls: The Synthesis and Structure of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Carbon Frameworks Identified on the Buckminsterfullerene Surface
Authors: RABIDEAU P. W.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Halides with Amines
Authors: GURAM A. S. , RENNELS R. A. , BUCHWALD S. L. , BARTA N. S. , PEARSON W. H.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Introduction and Photochemistry Review of the Year
Authors: GILBERT A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Interaction Between Functional Groups and Its Consequences in Oxidation of Thioethers
Authors: GLASS R. S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Organic Halides with Organometallic Compounds and Terminal Acetylenes Catalyzed by Palladium Complexes
Authors: BUMAGIN N. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Aspects of the Di‐π‐methane Rearrangement
Authors: ZIMMERMAN H. E. , ARMESTO D.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioisosterism: A Rational Approach in Drug Design
Authors: PATANI G. A. , LAVOIE E. J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phthalocyanines as Sensitive Materials for Chemical Sensors
Authors: ZHOU R. , JOSSE F. , GOEPEL W. , OEZTUERK Z. Z. , BEKAROGLU OE.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Density Functional Theory Calculations of Pericyclic Reaction Transition Structures
Authors: WIEST O. , HOUK K. N.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Separatory and Analytical Methods. Part 1. Chromatographic Methods
Authors: FERRIER R. J. , BLATTNER R. , CLINCH K. , FURNEAUX R. H. , GARDINER J. M. , TYLER P. C. , WIGHTMAN R. H. , WILLIAMS N. R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Interactions of hemoglobin in live red blood cells measured by the electrophoresis release test
Authors: Su Yan , Gao Lijun , Ma Qiang , Zhou Lishe , Qin Liangyi , Han Lihong , Qin Wenbin
Published: August 2010

To elucidate the protein–protein interactions of hemoglobin (Hb) variants A and A2, HbA was first shown to bind with HbA2 in live red blood cells (RBCs) by diagonal electrophoresis and then the interaction between HbA and HbA2 outside the RBC was shown by cross electrophoresis. The starch–agarose gel electrophoresis of hemolysate, RBCs, freeze‐thawed RBCs and the supernatant of freeze‐thawed RBCs showed that the interaction between HbA and HbA2 was affected by membrane integrity. To identify the proteins involved in the interaction, protein components located between HbA and HbA2 in RBCs (RBC HbA‐HbA2) and hemolysate (hemolysate HbA‐HbA2) were isolated from the starch–agarose gel and separated by 5–12% SDS‐PAGE. The results showed that there was a ≈22 kDa protein band located in the RBC HbA‐HbA2 but not in hemolysate HbA‐HbA2. Sequencing by LC/MS/MS showed that this band was a protein complex that included mainly thioredoxin peroxidase B, α‐globin, δ‐globin and β‐globin. Thus, using our unique in vivo whole blood cell electrophoresis release test, Hbs were proven for the first time to interact with other proteins in the live RBC.
A comparative study of the photoluminescence and conduction mechanisms of low temperature pulsed laser deposited and atomic layer deposited zinc oxide thin films
Authors: Kuo Fang Ling , Lin Ming‐Te , Mensah Benedict A. , Scharf Thomas W. , Shepherd Nigel D.
Published: August 2010

Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films were synthesized by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD) at 100 °C on glass, and their structural, electrical, and optical properties were compared before and after 300 °C post‐deposition annealing in argon, vacuum, and air. The room temperature photoluminescence (PL) of the ALD films grown at 100 °C was characterized by a broad, defect emission band peaking at 605 nm, which decreased in intensity after annealing. In contrast, the PL of the PLD films was dominated by 385 nm emission, and luminescence at 425 nm was also observed. The PL intensity of these films increased after annealing. The data suggest that overall electrical and photoluminescent characteristics of the ALD films are determined by the relative zinc interstitial and oxygen vacancy concentrations which vary with annealing treatment. The electro‐optical properties of the PLD films are determined by Zn interstitials. The potential impact of the observed absorption and emission bands on optoelectronic applications is discussed.
Improvement of breakdown characteristics in AlGaN/GaN/AlxGa1−xN HEMT based on a grading AlxGa1−xN buffer layer
Authors: Yu Hongbo , Lisesivdin Sefer B. , Bolukbas Basar , Kelekci Ozgur , Ozturk Mustafa Kemal , Ozcelik Suleyman , Caliskan Deniz , Ozturk Mustafa , Cakmak Huseyin , Demirel Pakize , Ozbay Ekmel
Published: August 2010

To improve the breakdown characteristics of an AlGaN/GaN based high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) for high voltage applications, AlGaN/GaN/AlxGa1−xN double heterostructure (DH‐HEMTs) were designed and fabricated by replacing the semi‐insulating GaN buffer with content graded AlxGa1−xN (x = x1 → x2, x1 > x2), in turn linearly lowering the Al content x from x1 = 90% to x2 = 5% toward the front side GaN channel on a high temperature AlN buffer layer. The use of a highly resistive AlxGa1−xN epilayer suppresses the parasitic conduction in the GaN buffer, and the band edge discontinuity limits the channel electrons spillover, thereby reducing leakage current and drain current collapse. In comparison with the conventional HEMT that use a semi‐insulating GaN buffer, the fabricated DH‐HEMT device with the same size presents a remarkable enhancement of the breakdown voltage.
Permanent Stoma Not Only Affects Patients’ Quality of Life but also That of Their Spouses
Authors: Çakmak Atıl , Aylaz Gökçe , Kuzu M. Ayhan
Published: August 2010

Background

Living with a permanent colostomy can significantly diminish a patient’s quality of life. However, little is known about the effects on the patient’s spouse. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the quality of life of spouses whose partners had undergone sphincter‐sacrificing surgery for rectal carcinoma.

Methods

We studied 56 couples after one partner underwent sphincter‐sacrificing surgery for rectal carcinoma: female spouses (n = 30) and male spouses (n = 26). To identify how surgery affected the life standards of the spousal population, questionnaires were constructed by the Department of Public Health, General Surgery and Psychology at the University of Ankara.

Results

Sixteen of 26 male spouses increased time spent at home, whereas 10 of 30 female spouses increased time spent at home (p < 0.05, male spouses versus female spouses). All of the spouses had been sexually active before their partners’ operation; however 20 of 26 male spouses and 10 of 30 female spouses were sexually inactive afterward (p < 0.05, male spouses versus female spouses). Ten male patients and 3 female patients wanted their colostomy care to be managed by their spouses (p < 0.01, female spouses versus male spouses).

Conclusions

In a patient with a colostomy, the social and sexual aspects of the life of the patient’s spouse are affected. This observation needs to be taken into account when patients are preoperatively counseled. Therefore, preoperative counseling regarding the possible problems after surgery should not only include the patient but also the spouse.
Spatial pattern formation and relative importance of intra‐ and interspecific competition in codominant tree species,Podocarpus nagiandNeolitsea aciculata
Authors: Nanami Satoshi , Kawaguchi Hideyuki , Yamakura Takuo
Published: August 2010

Spatial patterns, their changes due to mortality, and intra‐ and interspecific competition of two codominant tree species,Podocarpus nagiandNeolitsea aciculata, were analyzed at Mt. Mikasa, Nara City, Japan.Podocarpus nagihas a higher shade tolerance but a narrower seed dispersal range thanN. aciculata. We inferred the mechanisms of spatial pattern formation and coexistence of the two species.Podocarpus nagiandN. aciculatatrees were clumped and showed a spatial repulsion from each other. Patches dominated by eitherP. nagiorN. aciculatawere formed.Podocarpus nagitrees were less clumped with increasing tree size, although no significant change in spatial patterns due to mortality was detected. A patch formation of theP. nagipopulation seemed to be induced by the narrow seed dispersal range. On the other hand,N. aciculatatrees were more clumped and more repulsive fromP. nagitrees with increasing tree size. The distribution ofN. aciculatatrees shifted to more clumped than expected from the random mortality over the research period. Post‐dispersal mortality due to competitive exclusion byP. nagiaffected the patch formation of theN. aciculatapopulation. The relative importance of intraspecific competition to interspecific competition on the relative growth rate increased with increasing tree size. The shift corresponded to an increasing spatial repulsion between the two species. The patch formation ofP. nagipopulation may create the spatial refuge ofN. aciculatafromP. nagiand may enable avoidance of interspecific competition and the coexistence of the two species.
Phytosterol Ester Constituents Affect Micellar Cholesterol Solubility in Model Bile
Authors: Brown Andrew W. , Hang Jiliang , Dussault Patrick H. , Carr Timothy P.
Published: August 2010

Plant sterols and stanols (phytosterols) and their esters are nutraceuticals that lower LDL cholesterol, but the mechanisms of action are not fully understood. We hypothesized that intact esters and simulated hydrolysis products of esters (phytosterols and fatty acids in equal ratios) would differentially affect the solubility of cholesterol in model bile mixed micelles in vitro. Sodium salts of glycine‐ and taurine‐conjugated bile acids were sonicated with phosphatidylcholine and either sterol esters or combinations of sterols and fatty acids to determine the amount of cholesterol solubilized into micelles. Intact sterol esters did not solubilize into micelles, nor did they alter cholesterol solubility. However, free sterols and fatty acids altered cholesterol solubility independently (no interaction effect). Equal contents of cholesterol and either campesterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol, or stigmastanol (sitostanol) decreased cholesterol solubility in micelles by approximately 50% compared to no phytosterol present, with stigmasterol performing slightly better than sitosterol. Phytosterols competed with cholesterol in a dose‐dependent manner, demonstrating a 1:1 M substitution of phytosterol for cholesterol in micelle preparations. Unsaturated fatty acids increased the micelle solubility of sterols as compared with saturated or no fatty acids. No differences were detected in the size of the model micelles. Together, these data indicate that stigmasterol combined with saturated fatty acids may be more effective at lowering cholesterol micelle solubility in vivo.
Dysregulation of microRNAs in cancer: Playing with fire
Authors: Melo Sonia A. , Esteller Manel
Published: August 2010

MicroRNAs [1] have emerged as key post‐transcriptional regulators of gene expression, involved in various physiological and pathological processes. It was found that several miRNAs are directly involved in human cancers, including lung, breast, brain, liver, colon cancer and leukemia. In addition, some miRNAs may function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in tumor development. Furthermore, a widespread down‐regulation of miRNAs is commonly observed in human cancers and promotes cellular transformation and tumorigenesis [2–5]. More than 50% of miRNA genes are located in cancer‐associated genomic regions or in fragile sites, frequently amplified or deleted in human cancer, suggesting an important role in malignant transformation. A better understanding of the miRNA regulation and misexpression in cancer may ultimately yield further insight into the molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis and new therapeutic strategies may arise against cancer. Here, we discuss the occurrence of the deregulated expression of miRNAs in human cancers and their importance in the tumorigenic process.
Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of late Quaternary foraminifera and molluscs from the ENEA borehole (Versilian plain, Tuscany, Italy)
Authors: Carboni M. Gabriella , Bergamin Luisa , Di Bella Letizia , Esu Daniela , Cerone Emanuela Pisegna , Antonioli Fabrizio , Verrubbi Vladimiro
Published: August 2010

Foraminifera and molluscs from the 90 m deep ENEA borehole (Versilian plain, central Italy) were studied for paleoenvironmental purposes. Palaeontological analyses, integrated with U/Th and radiocarbon data, helped to recognize late Quaternary sea-level changes and supplied results on tectonic mobility of the area. The study highlighted four sedimentary phases. The first phase consists of a shore environment attributed to MIS 7.1. A hiatus corresponding to MIS 6 is hypothesized at the top of this interval. Recognition of the paleo-shoreline of MIS 7.1 at − 72.8 m signifies a vertical displacement due to the extensional tectonics of the Apennine orogenesis. The second phase consists of a transgressive succession with evidence of warm temperatures, which was interpreted as part of the transgression leading to the MIS 5.5 highstand. The third phase includes sub-aerial and lacustrine deposits. Radiocarbon dates and palaeoecological reconstruction led us to attribute this interval to MIS 4, MIS 3 and MIS 2. The fourth phase begins with a lagoon environment attributable to Holocene sea-level rise and ends with marsh episodes, signifying the progradation of the alluvial plain. This reconstruction confirms the hypothesis of tectonic stability for the Versilian area during the Holocene.
Norm functors and effective zero cycles
Authors: Baranovsky Vladimir
Published: August 2010

We compare two known definitions for a relative family of effective zero cycles: one based on traces of functions and one based on norms of functions. In characteristic zero we show that both definitions agree. In the general setting we show that the norm map on functions can be expanded to a norm functor between certain categories of line bundles, thereby giving a third approach to families of zero cycles.
The spectra of the Laplacians of fractal graphs not satisfying spectral decimation
Authors: Jordan Jonathan
Published: August 2010

We consider the spectra of the Laplacians of two sequences of fractal graphs in the context of the general theory introduced by Sabot in 2003. For the sequence of graphs associated with the pentagasket, we give a description of the eigenvalues in terms of the iteration of a map from (ℂ2)3 to itself. For the sequence of graphs introduced in a previous paper by the author, we show that the results found therein can be related to Sabot's theory.
Pairs of periodic orbits with fixed homology difference
Authors: Risager Morten S. , Sharp Richard
Published: August 2010

We obtain an asymptotic formula for the number of pairs of closed orbits of a weak-mixing transitive Anosov flow whose homology classes have a fixed difference.
Rationality and Sylow 2-subgroups
Authors: Navarro Gabriel , Tent Joan
Published: August 2010

Let G be a finite group. If G has a cyclic Sylow 2-subgroup, then G has the same number of irreducible rational-valued characters as of rational conjugacy classes. These numbers need not be the same even if G has Klein Sylow 2-subgroups and a normal 2-complement.
Information, Expected Utility, and Portfolio Choice
Authors: Liu Jun , Peleg Ehud , Subrahmanyam Avanidhar
Published: August 2010

We study the consumption-investment problem of an agent with a constant relative risk aversion preference function, who possesses noisy information about the future prospects of a stock. We also solve for the value of information to the agent in closed form. We find that information can significantly alter consumption and asset allocation decisions. For reasonable parameter ranges, information increases consumption in the vicinity of 25%. Information can shift the portfolio weight on a stock from 0% to around 70%. Thus, depending on the stock beta, the weight on the market portfolio can be considerably reduced with information, causing the appearance of underdiversification. The model indicates that stock holdings of informed agents are positively related to wealth, unrelated to systematic risk, and negatively related to idiosyncratic uncertainty. We also show that the dollar value of information to the agent depends linearly on his wealth and decreases with both the propensity to intermediate consumption and risk aversion.
The Term Structure of Variance Swap Rates and Optimal Variance Swap Investments
Authors: Egloff Daniel , Leippold Markus , Wu Liuren
Published: August 2010

This paper performs specification analysis on the term structure of variance swap rates on the S&P 500 index and studies the optimal investment decision on the variance swaps and the stock index. The analysis identifies 2 stochastic variance risk factors, which govern the short and long end of the variance swap term structure variation, respectively. The highly negative estimate for the market price of variance risk makes it optimal for an investor to take short positions in a short-term variance swap contract, long positions in a long-term variance swap contract, and short positions in the stock index.
Liberalism Undone: Discourses on Political Violence in Interwar Japan
Authors: SINIAWER EIKO MARUKO
Published: August 2010

During the 1920s, liberal intellectuals in Japan took up their pens to express concerns about the proliferation of violence in political life. Political violence, they feared, was eroding Japanese civilization and culture, degrading constitutional government, and fomenting disorder and instability. Such anxieties encouraged ‘statism’ in their thinking, as a number of liberals called upon the state to provide order and security, without considering who was to police the state. This paper argues that Liberalism was undermined by this trust and authority endowed to the state and was undone, not just by state oppression, but by liberals themselves at the level of democratic practice.
Experimental verification of antagonistic stiffness planning for a planar parallel mechanism with 2-DOF force redundancy
Authors: Lee Sungcheul , Kim Sitae , In Woosung , Kim Moonki , Jeong Jay I. , Kim Jongwon
Published: August 2010

In this paper, an experimental verification of antagonistic stiffness planning is presented for a 2-DOF parallel mechanism with four actuators. With 2-DOF force redundancy, the magnitude and direction of the stiffness enhancement can be controlled by the additional actuators, where the internal torques of the mechanism exist on the two-dimensional null space. In the experiments, the passive and active stiffness are measured, respectively, during endowing the external force at the end-effector. Two stiffness assignment methods for a given pathway are suggested and are verified by the experiments.
Performance of community-based natural resource governance for the Kafue Flats (Zambia)
Authors: NKHATA BIMO A. , BREEN CHARLES M.
Published: August 2010

The performance obstacles surrounding community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) in southern Africa have much to do with understanding of environmental governance systems and how these are devolved. CBNRM appears to be failing because of flawed environmental governance systems compounded by their ineffective devolution. A case study in Zambia is used to illustrate why and how one CBNRM scheme for the most part faltered. It draws on practical experiences involving the devolution of decision-making and benefit-distribution processes on a floodplain wetland known as the Kafue Flats. While this CBNRM scheme was designed to facilitate the devolution of key components of an environmental governance system, the resultant efforts were largely unsuccessful because of the poor social relationships between government actors and local rural communities. It is argued that in Zambia, at least from an environmental governance system perspective, CBNRM has mostly failed. While generally bringing some marginal improvements to local communities, the construction and execution of an effective environmental governance system have been largely flawed.
Haplotype diversity in the Antarctic springtailGressittacantha terranovaat fine spatial scales - a Holocene twist to a Pliocene tale
Authors: Hawes T.C. , Torricelli G. , Stevens M.I.
Published: August 2010

The mitochondrial COI gene of the Antarctic springtail,Gressittacantha terranova, was sequenced across a polar coastal landscape at Terra Nova Bay, northern Victoria Land. Samples from two altitudinal transects in the foothills directly south of Campbell Glacier were compared with samples from Springtail Valley (northern foothills) as an external reference population. We found that mtDNA haplotypes clustered into two lineages (clades) with a mean sequence divergence of 10% (uncorrected distance). However, there was no phylogeographic structure found at this spatial (landscape) scale with haplotypes from both divergent clades found sympatric across most populations. At the landscape scale, the considerable genetic divergence revealed withinG. terranovais around five times greater than any other continental Antarctic springtail examined to date. These data indicate a Pliocene divergence event inG. terranovaaround 4–5 million years ago. The unusual distributional profile of haplotypes - occurrence of multiple haplotypes at single sites and genetic contiguity between sites that are not physically contiguous - suggests a subsequent ‘reshuffling’ of haplotypes in the Holocene that has an ecological basis.
Bootstrap Percolation in High Dimensions
Authors: BALOGH JÓZSEF , BOLLOBÁS BÉLA , MORRIS ROBERT
Published: August 2010

Inr-neighbour bootstrap percolation on a graphG, a set of initially infected verticesA⊂V(G) is chosen independently at random, with densityp, and new vertices are subsequently infected if they have at leastrinfected neighbours. The setAis said to percolate if eventually all vertices are infected. Our aim is to understand this process on the grid, [n]d, for arbitrary functionsn=n(t),d=d(t) andr=r(t), ast→ ∞. The main question is to determine the critical probabilitypc([n]d,r) at which percolation becomes likely, and to give bounds on the size of the critical window. In this paper we study this problem whenr= 2, for all functionsnanddsatisfyingd≫ logn.

The bootstrap process has been extensively studied on [n]dwhendis a fixed constant and 2 ⩽r⩽d, and in these casespc([n]d,r) has recently been determined up to a factor of 1 +o(1) asn→ ∞. At the other end of the scale, Balogh and Bollobás determinedpc([2]d, 2) up to a constant factor, and Balogh, Bollobás and Morris determinedpc([n]d,d) asymptotically ifd≥ (log logn)2+ϵ, and gave much sharper bounds for the hypercube.

Here we prove the following result. Let λ be the smallest positive root of the equationso λ ≈ 1.166. Thenifdis sufficiently large, and moreoverasd→ ∞, for every functionn=n(d) withd≫ logn.