bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Barriers perceived to assume promoting health conduct in university students
Authors: Jara Contreras Verónica Loreto , Riquelme Pereira Náyade Bernarda , Carrillo Monsalve Rodrigo Eduardo
Published: August 2023

There are several studies on health behaviors, whose results show a predominance of unhealthy lifestyles, despite the fact that the population manages to identify the importance of them does not present them in their daily life; The question then arises of what are the barriers to not presenting healthy behaviors. The present study aims to identify perceived barriers to assume health promoting behavior in students of a Chilean University, according to the Nola Pender Health Promotion Model. Study of quantitative approach, of descriptive design, cross-sectional correlation, with sample of 320 students, selected by sampling of random probabilistic type. The data collection instrument is made up of: Scale of benefits and barriers of Exercise, Scale of barriers of healthy eating, Scale of perception of self-efficacy, Scale of self-esteem and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The data was processed with the SPSS-22 program to obtain descriptive and inferential statistics. As results, it was obtained that despite the educational level or belonging to a certain university career, the students showed poor or lower health promoting behaviors than expected; These low health-promoting behaviors are associated with perceived barriers in the nutritional field and physical activity. In addition, self-esteem and the perception of self-efficacy turned out to be predictors of the presence of barriers in health in an inverse manner, that is, to lower self-esteem or self-efficacy, greater presence of barriers to assume health-promoting behaviors.
Comparison of patient-controlled epidural and intravenous analgesia methods for postoperative pain control in patients after hip surgery
Authors: Topaloğlu Selma Fiş , Eroğlu Melek , Çekiç Bahanur , Eroglu Ahmet
Published: August 2023

Objective: Patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty surgery are usually older and have limited cardiac and pulmonary reserves. Effective postoperative pain control with patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) may contribute to recovery in these patients. In this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) for pain control after hip arthroplasty. Methods: Our study was carried out in the orthopedic operating room of our hospital on 50 patients undergoing elective hip arthroplasty. At the end of the operation, the patients (n=50) were randomly divided into two groups: Group epidural (Group E) and Group intravenous (Group IV)] using a double-blind selection method, and PCA protocol was started. During the determined follow-up periods, the patients were evaluated regarding hemodynamic data, pain and sedation levels, and possible side effects. Results: In our study, no difference was observed between demographic data, heart rate, respiratory rate and mean blood pressure values ​​in comparisons between two groups. In Group IV compared to Group E, visual analog scale (VAS) values ​​(P<0.001), additional analgesic consumption (P<0.05) and undesirable effects such as nausea-vomiting and sedation (P<0.05) which were observed in postoperative pain follow-up were statistically significantly higher. Conclusion: Our study concluded that for postoperative pain management, the PCEA method has better analgesic performance, improves pain control and reduces the occurrence of side effects in hip arthroplasty compared to the PCIA method.
The effects of effortless exercise on diabetic status
Authors: Sofra Xanya
Published: August 2023

Treating physicians have consistently recommended exercise to either prevent diabetes or de-escalate symptomatology. Diabetic complications, however, render physical activity undesirable or unattainable. These involve: hypothyroidism leading to substantial weight gain; perpetual fatigue due to accumulation of white adipose tissue serving as fat storage, and inadequate supply of brown fat to generate energy; accumulated toxicity causing hormonal imbalance that increases hunger; chronic pain and wounds on extremities associated with diabetic neuropathy, etc. Recent research with an effortless exercise method demonstrated enhanced fitness and T3 increase, juxtaposed by decreased inflammation, an optimal relationship between leptin and ghrelin that control appetite, and a significant decrease of visceral fat along with VLDL, the very low-density lipoprotein that carries triglycerides to the tissues. We measured the fasting and postprandial glucose and insulin of 21 diabetics and 20 prediabetics respectively, pre and post twenty treatments. Both previously abnormally high fasting and postprandial (PP) glucose decreased considerably in all 21 diabetic subjects (100%). Nine of the diabetic subjects (42.85%) manifested normal fasting glucose levels after 20 treatments, while the fasting glucose of the remaining twelve diabetic subjects (57.2%) dropped down to the prediabetic level. Ten of the diabetic subjects (47.6%) manifested normal PP insulin levels, while the PP insulin of the remaining eleven diabetic subjects (52.38%) dropped to the prediabetic level after the 20 treatments. Prediabetics had more robust results as expected by their baseline healthier status. Eighteen of prediabetics (90%) manifested both normal fasting and PP insulin levels after the 20 treatments, while the fasting and PP insulin of the remaining two subjects (10%) remained within the prediabetic level. All subjects also exhibited a statistically significant increase in muscle mass, normalized T3 levels, decreased visceral and overall fat along with reduced CRP, advocating diminished inflammation. Dyslipidaemia appeared to subside as denoted by suppressed levels of triglycerides contrasted by elevated HDL.
The conductive gel for hospital use as a culture medium for the genus Burkholderia
Authors: Holguin Barrera Mónica Liseth
Published: August 2023

The Burkholderia genus is a group of gram-negative bacteria that inhabit soil, water, plant and animal tissues; within this genus are B. pseudomallei, B. cepacia, and B. contaminants, which can cause multiple infections. The objective is to describe a prospective series and study whether the use of hospital gel contributed to the development of infection in patients. Methods: Descriptive and prospective study of the series with positive cultures for the genus Burkholderia from 2019 to 2023 in a hospital in Colombia. Results: 27 cases with isolation of Burkholderia, 74.07% Burkholderia cepacea and 25.93% Burkholderia pseudomallei, 68.85% male and 31.15% female, 78.57% from urban areas and 21 43% rural, 62.96% had a history of chronic diseases. The mean hours of culture positivity was 40.64 hours (SD ± 23.19), 14.81% presented pneumonia, 7.40% soft tissue infections, 55.55% sepsis and 22.24 % others, the mean hospital stay was 7.92 days, 100% underwent diagnostic procedures using hospital gel, B. Cepacea and B. pseudomallei growth was obtained in the gel and identification by molecular tests reported Burkholderia contaminants, the mortality of this study was 22.22%. Conclusion: The random culture carried out on the gel in different areas of the hospital obtained growth of Burkholderia, for which procedures and possible solutions are reconsidered to avoid the growth of this germ in this medium and the diagnostic strengthening in the laboratory. 81% presented pneumonia, 7.40% soft tissue infections, 55.55% sepsis and 22.24% others, the mean hospital stay was 7.92 days, 100% underwent diagnostic procedures with the use of gel hospital, B. Cepacea and B. pseudomallei growth was obtained in the gel and the identification by molecular tests reported Burkholderia contaminants, the mortality of this study was 22.22%.
Contribution to the paleontology of the CampanianNeogene benthic foraminiferal Textulariid and Lagenid genera and species
Authors: Anan Haidar Salim
Published: August 2023

Vaginulinoides and Vaginulinella two new genera, both of Anan (this study) are introduced here to include the two benthic Lagenid Foraminiferids from Chile, in the Southern Tethys, that characterized by its planispirally enrolled and involute early stage, and later uncoiled of the test, with ornamented surface. The first one Vaginulinoides has the same characters of the Vaginulinopsis with curved test, but differs in its longitudinal ribs along the surface test. This genus is represented by Marginulina cubana Palmer, in Finger1 (2013, Plate 10, Figure. 10, non Figure. 9) which related here to the new genus Vaginulinoides. The second new genus Vaginulinella also has the same characters of the genus Vaginulinoides but with erect rectilinear test, which represented here by Dentalina obliquecostata (Stache) in Finger1 (Plate 6, Figure. 21) and treated here to belong to the new genus Vaginulinella. On the other hand, another three new members of the diagnostic calcareous benthic agglutinated foraminiferal genus Pseudogaudryinella Cushman were erected from many localities in the world: Pseudogaudryinella baliniaki (North Europe, Poland), South Europe, P. ortizae (Spain), and Pseudogaudryinella iraqensis (Middle East, Iraq), beside the type locality of this genus P. capitosa, which was erected earlier from USA by Cushman. These Tethyan taxa, most probably indicate an open marine environment of Chile (South America), USA (North America), Europe and Southwest Asia, which represents middle-outer neritic environment (100 m ~ 200 m depth), and shows an affinity with Midway-Type Fauna (MTF) of the United States Gulf Coastal area.
Population parameters and dynamic life table of stick-insect Cladomorphus phyllinus Gray, 1835 (Phasmatidae, Cladomorphinae)
Authors: Pelli Afonso , Pimenta Paloma Cristina , Pelli Pedro Machado
Published: August 2023

The Phasmatodea Order is represented by terrestrial insects, phytophagous and wide distribution. About 200 species have been described in Brazil as Cladomorphus phyllinus. The aim of this study was to describe the biology as well as measure population parameters. The specimens were kept in cages with temperature and natural photoperiod. We used 22 animals that were fed with leaves of guava, Psidium guajava Linnaeus. For the construction of the dynamic life table, the following parameters were used: specific survival by age group; survivorship or survival compared to live-born animals; specific fertility by age group; specific mortality by age group and life expectancy. Initially, the cohort of animals was monitored weekly, for a total period of 55 weeks. However, to facilitate data tabulation, they were grouped into age groups. The cohort was then divided into 11 periods of 35 days each; thus totaling 385 days. The survival curve, constructed with the survivorship data, indicate to a curve of type II, where the mortality rate is relatively constant throughout life. The animals began to lay eggs at the 23rd week. The period with the highest fecundity was t5 with 93 eggs per female. With the life table, the population projection was performed in future time intervals. In the time t = 291, the λ value stabilizes at 2.0747 and the population reaches stable age distribution. The data indicate high biotic potential for the species, in contrast to the density of data in the field, when the group is usually found in low densities, probably indicating low effectiveness of camouflage combined with the fragility of the animals against environmental adversities.
Adherence of females to Fitcor’s cardiopulmonary and metabolic rehabilitation program during 34 years
Authors: Aguilar Cortez José A , Cortez Franulovic Patricia H , Amboni Ricardo , Amorim Angélica
Published: August 2023

Introduction: In recent decades the number of deaths from heart disease among women in Brazil has increased a lot considerably, however those who accumulate more risk factors do not practice physical exercises. Objective: to investigate the adherence behavior of women aged between 12 and 80 years, to a specialized cardiac prevention and rehabilitation program (CPRP). Method: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in a clinic specialized in cardiology diagnosis and CPRP between 1972 and 2006. Patients were separated into two groups, prevention (PG) and rehabilitation (RG) after physical evaluation and diagnosis. Both groups of women were separated by age and by the date of beginning CPRP. Results: Based on the entry diagnosis in the records of 958 women who attended the CPRP, we identified that 655 of them were in the prevention group (PG) and 303 in the rehabilitation group (PG). In both groups, the adherence to the program decreased with advancing age and worsening of risk factors. Conclusions: Contrary to the increase on statistics of women victims of cardiovascular diseases in Brazil, the number of those who seek CPRP through physical exercises has decreased and, what is worse, the number or places that facilitate women’s access to this type of intervention has also decreased.
A Nepalese female student in trap of cannabis: a case report
Authors: Shakya Dhana Ratna , Ghimire Samikshya , Nepali Sachin
Published: August 2023

Current generation students are in the threat of various substances and addictive behaviours; not only males but also females are in the trap. Despite being illegal, cannabis and other substances like LSD and Opiate lure the young and other people in current context of mobile and changing world and Nepal. When youths are in the trap of such addictions, they are bound to various consequences including dependence and complications like: disruption of study, career, work; developmental, psychiatric, physical, familial, social, financial, legal, safety and violence-related risks. Safety, violence and sexual issues are striking especially for a female substance user. This case report intends to draw attention to substance use and use disorder, mainly illicit including cannabis among growing literate Nepalese women; and also, to its implication in the course of co-morbid mental disorder, e.g., Bipolar mood. We report a 22 year old Nepalese female student with Cannabis Dependence Syndrome with LSD and Nicotine use which had a great implication in the course of her psychiatric disorder, i.e. Bipolar mood.
Evaluating the plasma interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-8 levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases following treatment with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell derived from umbilical cord tissues and platelet rich plasma
Authors: Minh Trung Do , Ngoc Bang Dao , Phuong Ha Le , Ba Thang Ta , Van Mao Can , Thi Bich Phuong Le , Khac Hung Dong
Published: August 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease which negatively affects living quality and longevity of patients. Unfortunately, current COPD treatments are not radical. COPD is characterized by persistent neutrophil infiltrations mediated by inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-8 in the airway. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proven to suppress inflammation, modulate the immune system and can be regenerative. Allogeneic MSCs have been used to treat COPD patients across the world and produced positive clinical outcomes. In this study, we evaluated plasma IL-1β and IL-8 concentrations in 10 stage-D COPD patients before being transplanted with allogeneic MSCs derived from umbilical cord tissues (UC-MSCs) activated by platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and at 4 follow- ups (after 1, 3, 7, 12 months), as well as determined their associations with COPD clinical and sub-clinical parameters. Plasma IL-1β and IL-8 concentrations were measured using Multiplex Immunoassay. We found that plasma IL-8 levels were significantly reduced from 3.2 to 1.9 pg/ml after 12 months of treatment which is accompanied by the notable decrease in C-reactive protein (CRP). Exacerbation episodes were significantly decreased from 3 to 1. Plasma IL-1β levels were positively correlated with IL-8 levels and white blood cell (WBC) levels. Parallel measurements of plasma IL-1β and IL-8 may help assess the disease progression of COPD patients after the treatment with UC- MSCs and PRP. Blockage of IL-1β or IL-8 could be a valid strategy for the prevention and control of COPD.
Identification of hub genes and drug-gene interactions for targeted breast cancer treatment by integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Manh Cuong Dao , Van Ngoc Bui
Published: August 2023

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancer types in women. In addition to conventional methods for BC diagnosis, applying methods for a fast and accurate prognosis at the early stage of cancer is very meaningful for the treatment of the disease. To date, the most advanced methods are molecular diagnostics and bioinformatics. In this study, bioinformatics is applied to genetic testing for BC diagnosis; namely the R programming language combined with the bioinformatics toolkit was used to analyze gene expression levels between normal and tumor tissues in three gene expression profiles (GSE29431, GSE42568, GSE21422). The bioinformatics approaches included identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and hub genes, Gen Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses, the construction of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and module analysis. Following the completion of the hub gene selection process, coexpression and survival analysis were carried out. Finally, the GEPIA2 and DGIdb databases were utilized to verify the expression levels of hub genes and select the candidate drugs for BC, respectively. A total of 1369 DEGs was identified, including 400 upregulated DEGs and 969 downregulated DEGs. Thereafter, 10 hub genes (CDK1, CCNA2, CCNB1, CCNB2, TOP2A, KIF11, RRM2, BUB1B, CDC20, and NCAPG) were identified as potential biomarkers for BC diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Six screened small molecules, dexrazoxane, teniposide, amsacrine, etoposide, mitoxantrone and daunorubicin, were determined to be the new targeted drugs for BC treatment.
Effects of microbial inoculant on chemical compositions and in vitro digestibility of elephant grass-based silage
Authors: Thanh Loi Nguyen Thi , Hanh Nguyen Vu Thi , Quynh Anh Pham , Ngoc Tung Quach , Hiep Tran , Thu An Nguyen Thi , Hoang Ha Chu , Quyet Tien Phi
Published: August 2023

Probiotic microbial inoculants have been used to improve fermentation quality of green forage feed in pig farming This study aimed to formulate and evaluate effects of microbial inoculants on quality and digestibility of elephant grass-based silage. Green forage formula was made based on economical and agro ingredients resulting in 36% of cost reduction in comparison to the basal diet. The additive containing 1% microbial mixture of Lactobacillus plantarum LCN13, Bacillus velezensis VTX9 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae MCN9 as starter cultures significantly reduced crude fiber (12.39 ± 1.01% Dry Matter (DM)) and neutral detergent fiber concentrations (28.49 ± 0.93% DM) after 120 h (p < 0.05). In contrast, remarkable increases (p < 0.05) were determined in metabolizable energy (2972 ± 18.18% DM) and crude protein (16.32±1.15% DM). These results indicated that metabolic activities by microbial inoculants contributed considerably to the nutritive value of the elephant grass-based diet. The experiment along ensiling time revealed that significant changes in nutritive compositions were observed at 120 h and 168 h (p < 0.05). In support of these results, in vitro digestibility indexes including dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein showed an increasing trend corresponding to ensiling times. Since there were no significant differences between 120 h and 168 h, fermentation time of 120 h was sufficient to obtain desired outcomes. These findings emphasized that elephant grass-based forage fermented with microbial inoculant could be a promising cost-effective and high-quality feed for pig production. Further investigations are required to evaluate safety, growth performance, and pig intestinal microbiota.
Molecular characterization of methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain BM85 isolated from a Vietnamese patient with bloodstream infection
Authors: Dinh Phuc Hoang , Thanh Tam Tran Thi , Thu Hang Le Thi , Kieu Oanh Nguyen Thi , Hai Long Vu Dang , Duy Hung Kieu , Bañuls Anne-Laure , Quang Huy Nguyen
Published: August 2023

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a threat to global health due to its resistance to β-lactam antibiotics and many other antibiotic classes developed via both intrinsic and acquired mechanisms. In this study, molecular characteristics related to antibiotic resistance of MRSA strain BM85 were investigated by whole-genome sequencing of a sample isolated from a patient with bloodstream infection at Bach Mai Hospital, Vietnam. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was also performed to determine the correlation between the presence of antibiotic-resistant genes and resistance phenotypes. Genomic analyses showed that the MRSA strain BM85 belonged to the major community-acquired (CA)-MRSA lineage ST59 originating from Taiwan. The strain harbored Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) type Vb (5C2&5) and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL). Additionally, MRSA strain BM85 also possessed various antibiotic-resistant genes including tet38, tetK, blaZ, mecA, aph(3')-IIIa, aacA-aphD, and ermB which were located on mobile genetic elements  MESPM1, Tn553-Tn4001 transposon, and a plasmid carrying the tetK gene, which was responsible for tetracycline resistance. The genotypic-resistant results were concordant with the phenotypic-resistant profile in which MRSA strain BM85 was resistant to penicillin, cefoxitin, gentamicin, kanamycin, tobramycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline. The sequencing data for the MRSA strain BM85 was deposited in GenBank, NCBI under accession number: BioProject PRJNA857185. In conclusion, the acquisition of the foreign genetic elements associated with antibiotic resistances through horizontal gene transfer mechanisms was the key driver of multidrug resistance in the multidrug-resistant MRSA strain BM85.
Investigation of culture conditions for recombinant xylanase a production and its enzymatic hydrolysis of agricultural wastes
Authors: Tuyen Do Thi , Thanh Tung Vu , Nhat Linh Nguyen , Thanh Hoang Le , Le Thanh Nguyen Sy , Anh Tuyet Nguyen Thi , Thi Thao Nguyen , Hien Trang Nguyen Thi , Thi Trung Nguyen , Minh Duc Luu , Mai Anh Dao Thi
Published: August 2023

Xylanase A of Aspergillus niger dsm 1957 was successfully expressed in strain Pichia pastoris GS115/pXlnA in YP medium induced by methanol. Molecular weight of the recombinant xylanase A was 35 kDa, that was consistent with the theoretical calculation and the enzyme activity in the culture was 7310 U/mL. Maximal xylanase activity (11180 U/mL) was gained after culturing the recombinant yeast for 120 hours in the present of 1% methanol. Among of seven media (BMMY, MMY, MM, YPM, YPTM, YPTCM, and YP) utilized for the yeast culture, the highest activity of the produced recombinant xylanase A (21620 U/mL) was reached in BMMY medium, while the lowest activity (1410 U/mL) was found in YPTCM medium. At the appropriate conditions, the recombinant xylanase A activity was 2.96 folds higher than that expressed in normal conditions. The conditions for recombinant xylanase A enzymatic hydrolysis of several agricultural wastes were also investigated. The results showed that in appropriate conditions (40oC, 24 hours, substrate concentration of 40 mg), the highest amount of reducing sugars produced from cob, rice bran and soybean meal substrates were 0.617 ± 0.002 μmol/mL, 0.663 ± 0.002 μmol/mL, and 0.814 ± 0.003 μmol/mL, respectively. Overall, with these distinctive properties, the recombinant xylanase A may initially become a potential candidate for various industrial applications.
Evaluating photosynthetic performance of transgenic soybean harboring CKX13 under salinity conditions
Authors: My Duyen Vo Thi , Lan Xuan Hoang Thi , Hoang Tu Tran Nguyen , Tien-Dung Nguyen , Phuong Thao Nguyen
Published: August 2023

Cytokinins (CKs) are considered one of the critical phytohormones with an important role in plant response to abiotic stresses. One of the key enzymes in regulating CK levels is CK oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX), which catalyzes the irreversible CK degradation. Although CKX gene members in soybean (Glycine max) have been identified, their importance in plant tolerance against salinity has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, GmCKX13, a gene with upregulated expression in various tissues of soybean at various stages under water deficit condition as shown in previous investigation, was selected for exploring its role in relation to photosynthetic performance under salt stress conditions. The results showed that the transgenic soybean overexpressing GmCKX13 could maintain a better assimilation rate compared to their wild-type (WT) counterparts under the salinity condition. This could be explained by the higher chlorophyll content and the less damage caused by the stress in the photosynthetic machinery of the transgenic plants. According to the analyses, the transformers displayed higher values of maximal photosystem II (PSII) photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), maximal quantum yield of primary PSII photochemistry (φPo), quantum yield for electron transport (φEo) and efficiency for electron being transferred from QA- to plastoquinone (ψEo). The evaluation for the overall photosynthetic performance using performance index in absorption basis (PIABS) also supported the differential photosynthesis potential between the two genotypes. Collectively, these findings suggested that appropriate GmCKX13 modulation could enhance photosynthetic adaptation to salt-stressed conditions in soybeans.
The natural A3B3 reassortant of the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in Vietnam detected in 2011 through phylogenomic and sequence analyses
Authors: Thi Roan Do , Kim Xuyen Le Thi , Thanh Huong Doan Thi , Thi Khue Nguyen , Khanh Linh Pham Thi , Hoa Le Thanh
Published: August 2023

Infectious bursal disease, also known as Gumboro disease, is a persistent infection that causes severe economic losses in poultry worldwide. The causative agent, infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), is an immunosuppressive pathogen that frequently mutated and reassorted, generating various genotypes during its evolution. The bi-segmented IBDVs of serotype 1 were divided into four phenotypes (cIBDV, varIBDV, vvIBDV, and aIBDV) and classified into seven genogroups (G1–G7) based on segment A, and A1–A8 and B1–B5 on both segments A and B, respectively. Besides, there have been reassortants which were detected among the naturally existing IBDV population. The phylogenomic and sequence analyses showed that the strain (GKNT)2011-Vietnam (MK544935) represents genotype A3B3, whose segment A was derived from “very virulent” strains (A3 = very virulent-like, vvIBDV), while segment B was from the early Australian-like genogroup (B3 = early Australian-like). The maximum likelihood (ML) tree from the 64 VP0 sequence-based phylogenetic analysis (segment A) showed that the GKNT, together with the other three Vietnamese (G202, GHUT-12, and BDG23) strains, was placed into the A3 genogroup, while the VP1 analysis grouped its segment B with the ancestor (002-73)1973-Australia-B3A7 (M19336) of the early Australian-like B3 genogroup. The B3 subclade of the Vietnamese GKNT and Australian 002-73 strains was placed as a sister to a subgroup encompassing two strains, one from China (AY705393-(Gx)1996-China-B3A3), and one strain from Venezuela (AJ880090-(02015.1)2002-Venezuela-B3A3). Other strains from China (JX134486-(GX-NN-L)2011-China-B3A3 and GQ451331-(HLJ-0504)2005-China-B3A3) were found in a paraphyletic subgroup distinct from the aforementioned strains. The Vietnamese GKNT reassortant has five genotypical amino acids, 222A, 153Q, 256I, 294I, and 299S, in VP2, which are characteristics of the G3a very virulent or A3 genotype and also seen in VP2 of the A3-reference vvIBDV strains, D6948 and 89163. Only one amino acid (990V) in VP3 was found to be different from that of the two vvIBDV (D6948 and 89163). Regarding segment B, the GKNT VP1 differed from the 002-73 Australian ancestor strain (B3 genotype) at only three sites (K13T, N511S, and T576A). The profile of evolutionary distances in segment A indicated the relationships between the (GKNT)2011-Vietnam and some of the Chinese and global groups. The genogrouping results from the GKNT strain for the first time provide the genetic datasets of the constellation of reassortant A3B3 genogroups and contribute to the understanding of the emerging evolutionary lineages of IBDVs in Vietnam and worldwide.
Natural variation in fatty acid composition of diverse Vietnamese rice germplasm
Authors: Phuong Nga Mai Thi , Thuy Linh Nguyen Thi , Anh Nguyet Tran Thi , Hong Ngoc Ngo Thi , Quynh Anh Chu Thi , Mai Huong To Thi
Published: August 2023

Despite the advantages of rice bran oil in terms of nutrition and healthcare, the knowledge of its fatty acid composition was still limited. A panel of 100 rice varieties generated from the different ecosystems of Vietnam had been used in our study to investigate their fatty acid profile. Using the modern Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry method, five main fatty acids in our rice bran were discovered including myristic (14:0), palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1) and linoleic (C18:2) acids, in which the fatty acids profile were different and specific for each variety. Among the five fatty acids, the essential linoleic fatty acid content was the highest whereas the myristic acid had the lowest content. The genotype G31 (NEP CAM) had been found with the highest linoleic fatty acid content (43.5%) which could be considered a good source of food and potential for breeding. In this study, we also determined the correlation between the five fatty acids (FAs) content in each rice variety and in comparison with different genotypes. A strong positive correlation between palmitic acid content and the ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid (R = 0.98) was obtained in this study. The ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid in Japonica genotypes is lower than Indica (p < 0.001), indicating that Japonica genotypes have more favorable unsaturated FA. Our study's results may have great importance in contributing to future breeding programs to improve fatty acid components in our Vietnamese rice.
Comparative analysis of eukaryotic microbial communities associated with Acropora formosa, sediment, and seawater in a coral reef ecosystem of Whale island, Nha Trang bay, Vietnam
Authors: Khanh Linh Trinh , Van Ngoc Bui
Published: August 2023

In this study, eukaryotic microbial communities associated with coral Acropora formosa and its natural surroundings, sediment and seawater, in a coral reef ecosystem of Whale Island, Nha Trang Bay, Vietnam were investigated. First, genetic material was taken from Acropora formosa’s surface mucus layer (SML) as well as the sediment underneath and seawater above the colonies from four different sampling locations in a coral reef ecosystem. Subsequently, the data were sequenced using 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing method. Sequences (reads) were then analyzed in Rstudio version 4.2.0. Bioinfomatic tools such as DADA2 pipeline clustered the sequences into amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), to which the taxonomy was assigned using SILVA 132 database. The majority of the sequences was categorized at the kingdom and phylum levels, but fewer sequences were identified at genus and species level. The visualization of the results revealed changes in abundance and composition of the eukaryotic communities in all samples. The results demonstrated that phylum Dinoflagellata had the highest relative abundance in coral samples. Meanwhile, Ochrophyta was the most prevalent phylum in seawater samples. Notably, after filtering out the sequences with abundance less than 2%, only genus Symbiodinium appeared significantly in coral samples. The composition of samples from coral sampling sites was more consistent. The same was true for samples of seawater, whereas the composition of sediment samples varied more. Alpha and beta diversity indices confirmed that there were significant differences (p < 0.05) in abundance and composition of eukaryotic communities among three different habitats. These findings come as the first effort to explore the diversity of eukaryotic communities in different habitats and could be valuable for further study in functional profiling or metabolic functions of microbial communities in the coral ecosystem.
The growth and probiotic characteristics of Bacillus velezensis BS in soybean meal used as synbiotic-like preparations for Litopenaeus vannamei culture
Authors: Hoang Phuong Ha , Nguyen Minh Thi , Chu Nhat Huy , Bui Huong Giang
Published: August 2023

Soybean meal (SBM) is the by-product of soybean oil extraction. It is well known to contain at least 47% protein and more than 6% crude fiber. This study showed that Bacillus velezensis BS grew well in medium containing 1% SBM and gained the prebiotic index and activity score of 15.40 ± 4.10 and 0.85 ± 0.22, respectively. In this medium, B. velezensis BS showed various probiotic characteristics, such as digestive enzyme secretion (α-amylase, cellulase, and protease), anti-Vibrio parahaemolyticus, biofilm formation on the solid surface after 24 h of interaction and the ability to grow in a broad range of environmental conditions (pH 6-9, temperature of 20-45ºC, salinity of 4%). In addition, SBM fermented with B. velezensis BS significantly reduced 79.7 ± 1.9% of the trypsin inhibitor content. Dietary supplement of the fermented product in Litopenaeus vannamei culture improved the specific growth rate of shrimp by approximately 7 times and concomitantly decreased the density of V. parahaemolitycus pathogen by 10 times compared to the group without synbiotic-like fed. Hence, the B. velezensis BS and its SBM fermented product were suggested as a potential feed additive in aquaculture applications.
Antioxidant activities and free amino acid content of rice responded to xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae infection under phosphate starvation condition
Authors: Mai Huong To Thi , Phuong Nga Mai Thi
Published: August 2023

Rice productivity strongly affects food security worldwide, especially in Asia, where rice is served as a staple food. However, rice productivity was threatened by numbers of environmental stresses, including Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) disease. Xoo is causing significant losses to rice production around the world. Furthermore, thanks to the significant function of phosphate (Pi) in nucleic acid and cell membrane structure, energy-transporting molecules, photosynthesis and respiration, a sufficient supply of Pi for rice plants is essential. Our previous studies had demonstrated the effect of low Pi in increasing Xoo tolerance in rice. In the present study, two-biochemical processes responsible for this tolerance were investigated by analyzing antioxidant enzyme activities and free amino acid profile produced by Xoo infected rice plants under Pi starvation and full Pi conditions. Two selected rice cultivars, G22 and G299, were used as plant materials. After two weeks of 6-week-old plants infected with Xoo, peroxidase and catalase activities in the plants under the low Pi condition were significant increased. Amino acids belonging to the glutamic, serine and pyruvate families, especially serine and proline accumulated the higher levels in plants under low Pi conditions compared to full Pi. In our two studied rice cultivars, the improvement in both antioxidant enzymes and free amino acid was found cultivar-dependence, the sensitive to low Pi G299 cultivar responsed stronger than the tolerant to low Pi G22 cultivar. The results from this study provide more detail about the possible mechanism how rice plants tolerant to Xoo under the Pi starvation condition and can suggest a strategy for green agriculture in dealing with Xoo infection by considering the interaction between Pi starvation and the Xoo response.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on management of surgically treated laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lein Alexander , Liu David T. , Haas Markus , Salkic Almir , Ibrisevic Azra , Uscuplic Sabrina , Harcinovic Alen , Brkic Taria , Thurner Thomas , Brkic Faris F.
Published: August 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted the treatment of cancer patients, particularly in terms of treatment choices. This study aimed to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of surgically treated laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) patients, focusing specifically on changes in treatment modalities. We retrospectively analyzed the data from 102 patients who underwent surgical treatment for LSCC between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2021, at our tertiary medical center. Patient demographics, histological characteristics, and treatment modalities were extracted from electronic medical records and compared between two time periods: pre-COVID-19 and during COVID-19, marked by the introduction of the hospital entry triage. Of the total patients, 53 (52%) were in the pre-COVID-19 group, and 49 (48%) were in the COVID-19 group. No significant differences in patient characteristics at the initial work-up were observed between the two groups. However, a significant shift in treatment modalities was noted. Fewer patients received postoperative adjuvant therapy in the COVID-19 group (70.5%) compared to the pre-COVID-19 group (95.5%). Importantly, this change did not significantly impact the one-year overall survival (OS) rates. The reduction in the use of postoperative adjuvant therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic may be attributed to efforts to minimize hospital visits due to the risk of COVID-19 infection. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and to investigate the potential effects of such changes in treatment modalities on the long-term survival.
Oxygen needs to be met in chad: Resilience, lessons learned, challenges and perspectives
Authors: Edison Maombi , Jean-Bosco Ndihokubwayo
Published: August 2023

Lack of medical oxygen has contributed to a large number of avoidable fatalities globally, which have escalated as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. At the start of the pandemic, one of the major challenges that almost all countries faced was access to oxygen to treat their patients, who were often doomed to certain death in the absence of this product. Chad had a total of two oxygen production plants, all installed in Ndjamena, with low production capacity to meet high demand. Oxygen concentrators, which are an appropriate and attractive means of administering oxygen in healthcare facilities where there is a shortage of cylinders or a distribution network, were also not sufficient, and most of them were out of use due to the lack of proper preventive maintenance. To overcome this situation, Chad is improving its capacity for medical oxygen through the installation of new Oxygen plants, maintenance and repair of broken Oxygen concentrators as well as the training of maintenance technicians. This paper shares the experience of Chad in its efforts to improve the availability of oxygen for the management of respiratory diseases, as well as the benefits and challenges to consider when planning for increased access to medical oxygen in similar settings.
Medium fractionation and EV preparation v1
Authors: not provided wusj
Published: August 2023

This protocol describes the characterization of the extracellular alpha-synuclein and DNAJC5
Differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells v1
Authors: Wu Shenjie
Published: August 2023

This protocol describes a standard procedure to differentiate SH-SY5Y cells into dopaminergic neurons using retinoic acid
Membrane and cytosol fractionation v1
Authors: not provided wusj
Published: August 2023

This protocol describes membrane and cytosol fractionation of cells expressing different DNAJC5 isoforms
Mitochondria purification v1
Authors: not provided wusj
Published: August 2023

This protocol describes how to purify mitochondria from cell culture
A novel method of health indicator construction and remaining useful life prediction based on deep learning
Authors: Zhan Xianbiao , Liu Zixuan , Yan Hao , Wu Zhenghao , Guo Chiming , Jia Xisheng
Published: August 2023

The construction of health indicators (HI) for traditional deep learning requires human training labels and poor interpretability. This paper proposes an HI construction method based on Stacked Sparse Autoencoder (SSAE) and combines SSAE with Long short-term memory (LSTM) network to predict the remaining useful life (RUL). Extracting features from a single domain may result in insufficient feature extraction and cannot comprehensively reflect the degradation status information of mechanical equipment. In order to solve the problem, this article extracts features from time domain, frequency domain, and time-frequency domain to construct a comprehensive original feature set. Based on monotonicity, trendiness, and robustness, the most sensitive features from the original feature set are selected and put into the SSAE network to construct HI for state partitioning, and then LSTM is used for RUL prediction. By comparing with the existing methods, it is proved that the prediction effect of the proposed method in this paper is satisfied.
Investigating the possible neurological side effects follow the COVID-19 vaccine
Authors: Atalu Abolfazl , Sadeghieh-Ahari Saeed , Khademmasjedi Haleh
Published: August 2023

Background: With the widespread of COVID-19 vaccination around the world, there are many case reports which referred to the neurological complications following vaccination. However, due to the lack of more information about this, especially in our country Iran, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible neurological side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine in patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1046 people injecting various types of COVID-19 vaccines, including Sinopharm, AstraZeneca, Sputnik V, CovIran-Barekat, Covaxin, SpikoGen, and PastoCovac plus, who were registered in the health system due to vaccine complications. These people were evaluated in terms of the overall incidence rate of neurological complications, types of neurological complications, and the relationship between the occurrence of neurological complications and the type of vaccine.
Results: Of all patients, 589 (56.3%) were female and 457 (43.7%) were male, and most of them were from the age group of 60 years and older (43.8%). 247 people (23.6%) had neurological complications that most of them related to the headache (16.6%).
Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the neurological side effects associated with the covid-19 vaccination were in mild level and most of them were seen in AstraZeneca vaccine and so, in line with the recommendation of the European medicines agency, the injection of this vaccine should be done with caution.
Effect of combining estradiol valerate with sildenafil in increasing the thickness of the endometrium in infertile women before intrauterine insemination: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Jalilvand Faranak , Sadat-Razavi Maryam , Amani Firouz , Mirzaei Nasrin
Published: August 2023

Background: Therapies available for thin endometrium are limited and are mostly performed experimentally which most of these treatments have a similar function and increase blood flow to the endometrium, causing it to thicken and develop. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of estradiol valerate in combination with sildenafil on endometrial thickness in infertile women before intrauterine insemination.
Methods: In this randomized clinical trial 100 infertile women referred to Reyhaneh Infertility Center in Ardabil were randomly divided into two groups. Patients' endometrial thickness was assessed by vaginal ultrasound before treatment and then on day 9 of the cycle. The intervention group received one tablet of estradiol valerate every 12 h from the ninth day of menstruation for 4 days and sildenafil as 25 mg orally daily from day 9 to 12, but in the control group, patients received placebo tablets orally in addition to estradiol.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups before and after the intervention in term of endometrial thickness. The rate of increase in endometrial thickness was 1.35 mm in the intervention group and 1.37 mm in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions: Estradiol valerate alone or in combination with sildenafil resulted in a significant increase in endometrial thickness and increasing oral sildenafil supplementation with oral estradiol valerate had no significant effect on increasing endometrial thickness.
Comparative efficacy of fixed dose combination of brinzolamide 1% and timolol 0.5% without versus with benzalkonium chloride following single ocular instillation in New Zealand white rabbits
Authors: Vakharia Monali , Pateliya Bharat , Ghose Sukhendu Bikash , Burade Vinod , Rohira Poonam
Published: August 2023

Background: Benzalkonium chloride (BAK) is the most used preservative in topical ophthalmic formulations. BAK causes dry eye and trabecular meshwork degeneration. Hence, BAK-free formulations are desirable for chronic conditions like glaucoma. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of BAK-free versus BAK-containing ophthalmic suspension of fixed dose combination (FDC) of brinzolamide and timolol on their intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect following a single ocular instillation in New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits.
Methods: Twelve normotensive NZW rabbits (male) between 9-12 months of age (3.4-4.4 kg) received a single ocular instillation (35 ml) in left eye of either ophthalmic suspension containing FDC of brinzolamide (1% w/v)/timolol (0.5% w/v) without BAK (n=6, test) or with BAK 0.01% w/v (n=6, reference). IOP was measured before ocular instillation (baseline) and at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hours after instillation using a pneumatonometer. Change in IOP from baseline were calculated and analysed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni post-test for pairwise comparisons.
Results: Significant IOP reduction (p<0.05) from baseline was seen in both test and reference groups, up to 6 hours after instillation. Maximum IOP reduction was 25.5% and 22.6% at 2 hours in the test and reference group respectively. No significant differences (p>0.05) were observed between the test and reference group for the change in IOP at all time points.
Conclusions: BAK-free and BAK-containing ophthalmic suspension of FDC of brinzolamide 1% and timolol 0.5% after a single ocular instillation in normotensive NZW rabbits produces similar reductions in IOP.
Pharmacoecomonic study of oral antidiabetic drugs available in Indian pharmaceutical market
Authors: Wadagbalkar Prashant , Bhadoriya Sandeep Singh
Published: August 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder requiring lifelong medication which further adds to comorbidity. Cost of the drug pays an important role in adherence and compliance to the treatment. There is a wide variation in prices of oral hypoglycemic drugs available in Indian pharmaceutical market. Aims and objectives of the study was planned to evaluate cost of oral antidiabetic drugs of various brands currently available in Indian market either as single drug or in combination.
Methods: Cost of antidiabetic medications manufactured by various pharmaceutical companies in the same strength and dosage form was obtained from the price list provided by various pharmaceutical companies in current index of medical specialties December 2022-March2023. The cost ratio and percentage price variation for each formulation was calculated and analyzed.
Results: Among single antidiabetic drugs, Tab. Metformin 500 mg shows highest percentage price variation (809%) and highest cost ratio (9.09). Among fixed dose combinations, Tab. Glibenclamide 5 mg + Tab. Metformin 500 mg shows highest percentage price variation 300.8% and highest cost ratio 4.
Conclusions: Our study shows that there is high price variation for oral anti diabetics. It is important to bring awareness about wide variation in prices so that drug cost can be reduced and made affordable to common man which plays major role in compliance of patient.