bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Instance-Wise Adaptive Tuning and Caching for Vision-Language Models
Authors: Yang Chunjin , Meng Fanman , Chen Shuai , Liu Mingyu , Zhang Runtong
Published: September 2023

Large-scale vision-language models (LVLMs) pre-trained on massive image-text pairs have achieved remarkable success in visual representations. However, existing paradigms to transfer LVLMs to downstream tasks encounter two primary challenges. Firstly, the text features remain fixed after being calculated and cannot be adjusted according to image features, which decreases the model’s adaptability. Secondly, the model’s output solely depends on the similarity between the text and image features, leading to excessive reliance on LVLMs. To address these two challenges, we introduce a novel two-branch model named the Instance-Wise Adaptive Tuning and Caching (ATC). Specifically, one branch implements our proposed ConditionNet, which guides image features to form an adaptive textual cache that adjusts based on image features, achieving instance-wise inference and improving the model’s adaptability. The other branch introduces the similarities between images and incorporates a learnable visual cache, designed to decouple new and previous knowledge, allowing the model to acquire new knowledge while preserving prior knowledge. The model’s output is jointly determined by the two branches, thus overcoming the limitations of existing methods that rely solely on LVLMs. Additionally, our method requires limited computing resources to tune parameters, yet outperforms existing methods on 11 benchmark datasets.
Reinforcement Learning by Guided Safe Exploration
Authors: Yang Qisong , Simão Thiago D. , Jansen Nils , Tindemans Simon H. , Spaan Matthijs T. J.
Published: September 2023

Safety is critical to broadening the application of reinforcement learning (RL). Often, we train RL agents in a controlled environment, such as a laboratory, before deploying them in the real world. However, the real-world target task might be unknown prior to deployment. Reward-free RL trains an agent without the reward to adapt quickly once the reward is revealed. We consider the constrained reward-free setting, where an agent (the guide) learns to explore safely without the reward signal. This agent is trained in a controlled environment, which allows unsafe interactions and still provides the safety signal. After the target task is revealed, safety violations are not allowed anymore. Thus, the guide is leveraged to compose a safe behaviour policy. Drawing from transfer learning, we also regularize a target policy (the student) towards the guide while the student is unreliable and gradually eliminate the influence of the guide as training progresses. The empirical analysis shows that this method can achieve safe transfer learning and helps the student solve the target task faster.
Invisible Backdoor Attacks Using Data Poisoning in Frequency Domain
Authors: Yue Chang , Lv Peizhuo , Liang Ruigang , Chen Kai
Published: September 2023

Backdoor attacks have become a significant threat to deep neural networks (DNNs), whereby poisoned models perform well on benign samples but produce incorrect outputs when given specific inputs with a trigger. These attacks are usually implemented through data poisoning by injecting poisoned samples (samples patched with a trigger and mislabelled to the target label) into the dataset, and the models trained with that dataset will be infected with the backdoor. However, most current backdoor attacks lack stealthiness and robustness because of the fixed trigger patterns and mislabelling, which humans or some backdoor defense approach can easily detect. To address this issue, we propose a frequency-domain-based backdoor attack method that implements backdoor implantation without mislabeling the poisoned samples or accessing the training process. We evaluated our approach on four benchmark datasets and two popular scenarios: no-label self-supervised and clean-label supervised learning. The experimental results demonstrate that our approach achieved a high attack success rate (above 90%) on all tasks without significant performance degradation on main tasks and robust against mainstream defense approaches.
Multi-Aspect Enhanced Convolutional Neural Networks for Knowledge Graph Completion
Authors: Zhang Fu , Qiu Pengpeng , Shen Tong , Cheng Jingwei
Published: September 2023

Knowledge graph completion (KGC, also referred to as link prediction) aims at predicting missing entities and relations in knowledge graphs (KGs). Knowledge graph embedding (KGE) techniques have been proven to be effective for link prediction. Currently, a series of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) based models (e.g., ConvE and its extended models) have attained excellent results for link prediction. However, several aspects that are important for link prediction using CNNs have not been considered and enhanced simultaneously, which significantly limit the performance of these models. In this paper we explore an effective KGE model based on CNNs. We investigate and discover four extremely important aspects that have a strong influence on ConvE: entity and relation embeddings, entity-to-relation interaction approaches, CNN structure, and loss function. Based on the optimization of the above four aspects, we propose a novel KGE method called ConvEICF. Through extensive experiments, we find that ConvEICF outperforms the previous state-of-the-art link prediction baselines on FB15k-237 and WN18RR datasets. In particular, ConvEICF achieves a Hits@10 score that is 11.2% and 6.5% better than ConvE on FB15k-237 and WN18RR datasets respectively. Additionally, through in-depth experiments we observe an interesting phenomenon and important finding that the very common 1-N scoring technique in KGE can be considerably improved by just adding a dropout operation. Our code is available at https://github.com/NEU-IDKE/ConvEICF.
Siamese Representation Learning for Unsupervised Relation Extraction
Authors: Zhang Guangxin , Chen Shu
Published: September 2023

Unsupervised relation extraction (URE) aims at discovering underlying relations between named entity pairs from open-domain plain text without prior information on relational distribution. Existing URE models utilizing contrastive learning, which attract positive samples and repulse negative samples to promote better separation, have got decent effect. However, fine-grained relational semantic in relationship makes spurious negative samples, damaging the inherent hierarchical structure and hindering performances. To tackle this problem, we propose Siamese Representation Learning for Unsupervised Relation Extraction – a novel framework to simply leverage positive pairs to representation learning, possessing the capability to effectively optimize relation representation of instances and retain hierarchical information in relational feature space. Experimental results show that our model significantly advances the state-of-the-art results on two benchmark datasets and detailed analyses demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our proposed model on unsupervised relation extraction. We have released our code at https://github.com/gxxxzhang/siamese-ure.
FMTESTING: A FEATUREIDE Plug-in for Automated Feature Model Analysis and Diagnosis
Authors: Burgstaller Tamim , Le Viet-Man , Tran Thi Ngoc Trang , Felfernig Alexander
Published: September 2023

The increasing size and complexity of feature models (FMs) can trigger anomalies or faults, challenging stakeholders in keeping FMs consistent with the domain requirements. Existing quality assurance tools do not provide advanced techniques to point out possibilities to adapt an FM for consistency recovery. In this paper, we present FMTESTING, which is a plug-in for FEATUREIDE, an ECLIPSE-based IDE supporting different phases of feature-oriented software development. FMTESTING is capable of automatically generating property-based test cases based on six different types of FM analysis operations. Furthermore, for violated test cases, diagnoses are provided to precisely indicate faulty FM elements (constraints) that should be adapted to restore consistency. Our tool provides user interfaces inside FEATUREIDE to ensure convenient use, even for users who are not domain experts.
Acquisition and Formalization of Tacit Knowledge for Value Chain Generation in Local Production Networks
Authors: Kerzel Matthias , Markert Julia , Aghajanzadeh Emad , von Riegen Stephanie , Hotz Lothar , Krenz Pascal
Published: September 2023

Interest in producing goods locally again has risen. This leads to new challenges for companies producing locally, especially since they are mostly small enterprises and do not always have resources to adapt Industry 4.0 technologies. Therefore, collaborating in networks can strengthen local production. We propose an online system with an underlying planning component that is supported by a large-scale language model to coordinate value chains within a network by utilizing the tacit production knowledge within the companies. Before any type of information processing can happen, however, the data – in this case, the tacit knowledge – needs to be acquired and formalized in such a way that is easy and quick, but also sufficient enough in detail and quality for the computer system. To this end, we conducted a study with 16 participants to simulate the collection of knowledge regarding the production of four pieces of furniture by having them describe simplified production steps. We analyze the results and show that the use of the collaborative system has a positive effect on the soundness of resulting production plans. In a second step, we utilize artificial intelligence methods to fill incomplete plans. Results and implications for future research are presented as well.
MiniMed 780GTM in children with type 1 diabetes under seven years of age: Prospective open-label, single-arm, double-center, follow-up study
Authors: Seget Sebastian , Chobot Agata , Rusak Ewa , Ochab Agnieszka , Bielawska Anna , Polanska Joanna , Jarosz-Chobot Przemysława
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Given the steadily rising incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D), particularly among the youngest preschool children, coupled with well-documented challenges of achieving and maintaining optimal metabolic control in this age group, there is a growing need for advanced technological devices. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate glycaemic control in children below the age of seven with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and assess the safety of the advanced hybrid closed loop (AHCL) system in comparison to the previous treatment method, a sensor-augmented pump with predictive low-glucose suspend (SAP-PLGS). METHOD: Data from 10 children (aged 2.60–6.98 years) with T1D who transitioned to the AHCL system from SAP-PLGS were analysed. SAP-PLGS records from two weeks prior to the initiation of AHCL were compared with records from the initial four weeks post-switch (excluding the training period). These data were examined at two 2-week intervals and compared with records from two weeks post six-month usage of the AHCL. RESULTS: A significant decrease in the average nighttime glucose concentration was observed compared to pre-AHCL values (p= 0.001, concordance W = 0.53). The Glucose Management Indicator (GMI) value significantly decreased from 6.88 ± 0.37% to 6.52 ± 0.32% (p= 0.018, rbc = 0.93) immediately following the device switch and stabilized at 6.50 ± 0.28% (p= 0.001, W = 0.53) and 6.55 ± 0.41% (p= 0.001, W = 0.53) at subsequent stages of the study. An improvement was also observed in mean glucose values for time spent < 54 mg/dl, while the proportion of time within this range was maintained, both during the day (p< 0.001, W = 0.58) and at night (p= 0.002, W = 0.83). CONCLUSION: The AHCL MiniMed 780GTM system improved glycaemic control in the studied group of children under seven years of age with T1D compared to previous SAP-PLGS therapy. It proved to be safe for delivering insulin in this age group.
PEMIKIRAN AGAMA DAN NEGARA MOHAMMAD NATSIR
Authors: Aulia Rizky , Rizqi Retanisa
Published: September 2023

Mohammad Natsir is an intellectual figure who is well-known as one of the figures who voiced that Islam can be used as the basis of the state. Mohammad Natsir tried to unite Islam and the State in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to examine the thoughts of Mohammad Natsir about the relationship between Islam and the state, using the library search method. The relationship between Islam and the State in Mohammad Natsir's view is an integrated relationship between politics, economics and a way of life that does not recognize the separation between religion and politics. Mohammad Natsir said that the state is not the ultimate goal of Islam but it is to become a tool in implementing Islamic rules contained in the Qur'an and Sunnah.
Assessment of the impact of waste of mining and chemical enterprises on surface water quality
Authors: Shybanova Alla M. , Mitryasova Olena P. , Dzhumelia Elvira A. , Ruda Maria V.
Published: September 2023

The mining and chemical industry causes pollution of the soil and water environment both during its operation and after its termination. The waste of large industrial complexes poses a particular danger to the aquatic environment. Tailings storage facilities located in the Dniester River basin are characterized by a low level of environmental safety of these facilities, which indicates unsatisfactory management and their neglected state. Violation of the rules for the operation of tailings can lead to industrial accidents on a transboundary scale with uncontrolled emissions of pollutants and devastating consequences for the environment.The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of waste from State Enterprise “Rozdil mining and chemical enterprise “Sirka”” on the quality of the largest water bodies in the area of influence of this enterprise – lakes Serednie, Hlyboke and Kysle, located near industrial waste storage areas, and the mine channel through which water flows into the transboundary river Dniester.The work experimentally determined and analyzed the indicators of water samples taken in 2021–2022 from the largest reservoirs in the zone of influence of SE “Rozdil MCE “Sirka”” – lakes Serednie, Hlyboke and Kysle, located near industrial waste storage sites and the water from which flows into the transboundary Dniester River along the mining channel (channel of Lake Hlyboke-Dniester River).In the analyzed water samples of the Hlyboke, Seredne, Kysle lakes and the mine channel, an excess of the MPC for sulfates is observed by 1.5–6 times, and the mineralization index by 2.3–3 times. There is a tendency to decrease the content of ammonium nitrogen in the studied reservoirs. In 2017 and in 2021–2022, there was a deviation from the water pH standards in Lake Kysle, as well as exceeding the MPC for phosphates, sulfates, ammonium nitrogen, and mineralization. In the mine channel, the maximum limit was found to be exceeded according to the following indicators: pH, sulfates, ammonium nitrogen.It is expedient to consider the issue of environmental safety of tailings at both the international and national levels. It is extremely important to improve the policy of prevention and liquidation of the consequences of accidents, interaction between civil protection management bodies and enterprises.
Principles of designing electromagnetic screens of the resonant type based on liquid protective compositions
Authors: Tkachenko Tetiana M. , Ilchuk Oksana S. , Zemlyanska Olena V.
Published: September 2023

The work explores the possibilities of creating resonance-type electromagnetic shields to protect workers and the population from man-made electromagnetic fields. It is shown that traditional resonant screens are not technological enough to cover large surfaces and are tuned to monochrome or narrow-band electromagnetic fields. Based on the analysis of the experience of using liquid shielding mixtures, the possibility of creating a multilayer structure without fixed layer thicknesses, which will allow protection against the influence of the frequency band, has been proven. At the same time, the wave resistance of the outer layer allows you to minimize the reflection coefficients of electromagnetic waves, which makes the material practically absorbent. A calculator for the preliminary calculation of the electrophysical properties of each layer is presented, which allows rationalizing the required coefficients. For calculations, the formulas of Odelevsky and Debye for the dielectric constant of mixtures are adapted. Experimentally obtained empirical coefficients are presented, which are a component of the ratio for obtaining acceptable screen parameters. To determine the exact concentration of the shielding filler in the matrix, a correction factor is provided. This is associated with errors when determining the volume content of the filler of low dispersion and differences in the morphology of the filler particles, which does not allow for an accurate calculation of the depolarization coefficient of the filler particles. Given the lack of reference data on the electrophysical parameters of the compositions due to their diversity, it is advisable to conduct thorough laboratory studies with different compositions of the compositions. This will make it possible to form a reference database that will speed up the execution of electromagnetic safety work and reduce their cost.
Analysis of the fractional composition of the dust of the working area when drilling composite materials based on carbon fibers
Authors: Chencheva Olga O.
Published: September 2023

Modern production of unmanned aerial vehicles is characterized by the use of high-tech materials based on carbon fibers, the assembly operations of which are characterized by a large number of mechanical drilling operations, which are performed mainly by hand using a carbide tool with a diamond coating. The paper presents a study of the concentrations and dispersion of the dust composition and the geometric shape of the dust-forming particles in the working space of workers of machining shops during the technological operations of drilling, milling and countersinking of packages of composite materials based on carbon polyacrylonitrile fibers. On the basis of the conducted experiments, the regularities of the distribution of dust of different fractions in the horizontal and vertical planes of the working space at a distance covering the zone of the immediate location of the worker during this type of operation were determined. The obtained data made it possible to record a significant excess of the maximum allowable concentrations of finely dispersed residues of polyacrylonitrile fibers in the working area of the drill, 2.5 and 10 μm in size and elements of the carbon matrix. In order to investigate the possibility of a negative impact of the dust of the working area on the body of the worker, a study of the fractionation and geometric shape of carbon fiber fragments was performed using raster microscopy, based on which it was concluded that the fiber fragments have a spear-shaped, pointed shape, and the carbon matrix forms conglomerates, which are characterized sharp edges and can cause significant damage when they affect the human respiratory system. On the basis of the obtained results, recommendations were given in the work to improve the indicators of the dust load of workers to normalized values with the help of the use of special suction devices and personal protective equipment with special filters.
Parallelization of numerical solutions of shallow water equations by the finite volume method for implementation on multiprocessor systems and graphics processors
Authors: Sorokin Maksym V.
Published: September 2023

An overview of approaches to parallelization of grid-based numerical methods for solving shallow water equations for multiprocessor systems and graphics processors is presented. A multithreaded approach for shared-memory computing systems implemented on the basis of the OpenMP programming interface and a geometric decomposition approach with message-passing using the MPI library for distributed-memory computers are described. Multithreading for programming GPUs based on the OpenACC software interface is considered. For the COASTOX-UN system of two-dimensional modeling of hydrodynamics, sediment and radionuclide transport in river systems and coastal areas of the seas, the parallelization of its hydrodynamic model COASTOX-HD was carried out. In the developed numerical model, the shallow water equations are solved by finite-volume numerical methods on unstructured computational grids with triangular cells of variable size. The parallelization is implemented using a hybrid MPI+OpenACC approach targeting multiprocessor systems and GPUs. For multiprocessor computers, geometric decomposition and MPI-based messaging are used, and for GPUs, multithreading is implemented using OpenACC directives. The performance of the developed parallel hydrodynamic model was evaluated during the calculation of typical problems of hydrodynamics of shallow water bodies, river flood, and tsunami wave run-up on the coast on a Dell Precision Workstation 7920 multi-core workstation with two 20-core Intel Xeon Gold 6230 processors and NVIDIA Quadro RTX 5000 and NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3080 graphics cards. It is shown that the developed model has significantly accelerated the simulation on the considered multiprocessor system and the considered GPUs. The acceleration on GPUs depends on the size of the computational grid, increasing to saturation with an increase in the number of grid cells. It is established that for the developed parallel model, whose numerical schemes are related to algorithms with low computational intensity, the memory bandwidth of the NVIDIA architecture GPUs is a more important limiting factor of acceleration than their performance.
Linear Oscillations of the High-Rise Buildings
Authors: Kipiani Gela , Kristesiashvili Elina , Tabatadze Anna , Jangidze Zaza
Published: September 2023

Seismic calculations are based on the hypothesis that maximum seismic horizontal displacements of inelastic systems are equal to displacements of elastic systems of equivalent frequencies.Analysis of strong earthquakes of recent years (San Francisco, USA, 1971, Spitak, Armenia, 1988, Kobe, Japan, 1995 and others) led scientists to the conclusion that this hypothesis cannot be recognized as acceptable. In a number of cases, the maximum horizontal displacements turned out to be 2–3 orders of magnitude higher than the maximum displacements of elastic systems. For example, a displacement graph based on the 1985 Mexico City earthquake shows that the actual plastic displacements are 100 times the expected plastic displacements. In the case of other earthquakes, there are hundreds of subtle inconsistencies. The quantitative results concluded that the intensity of building vibrations exceeded 1.5 times the 9-point design seismic intensity 2.5 and that a special approach, including the need to consider impact effects, is needed and is particularly serious in such zones. This should also be taken into account. Inelastic deformations are indicated. The new calculation is used to study non-linear oscillations caused by impulsive actions of a continuous system. In the case of elastic vibration, changing the mass gives very different results. Reducing the lower mass by a factor of 3 reduces the displacement by a factor of 2.2 for the upper mass and 2.4 for the second mass. The same impact was applied to a 16-story building and the stiffness distribution of the rods was studied in different ways. The stiffness was constant everywhere, constant within 4 stories, where it varied linearly and parabolically with height. Displacements during the course of the pulse shock were greater in the stiffer buildings. Furthermore, the vibration decreases in amplitude by a factor of 3 or more for the upper mass and by a factor of 4 for the lower mass. The force on the upper rod is reduced by a factor of 4 and the force on the lower rod is reduced by a factor of 6. This will make it possible to perform calculations for a small time scale, which is necessary to take into account high-frequency oscillations that occur in the epicentric zone.
TENEMENT MANSION AS A PLANNING SCENARIO (STUDY OF THE "HUNTER HOUSE" by W. W. HORODECKI, 1901-1903)
Authors: Erofalov Boris
Published: September 2023

The article singles out the compositional means of overcoming the continuous block building in a big city at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The profitable house-mansion of the famous Kyiv architect Wladyslaw Horodecki serves as a detailed model. The given example – the breaking of a solid building and the creation of a comprehensive spiral composition – is considered in the list of such things as the creation of compositional urban planning accents by height dominance, the breaking of the facade front with poches and passages, the use of relief to strengthen the baroque effect of "disruption of regularity". The reserved approaches and means of compositional work in the established urban planning reality of the "old city" have considerable propaedeutic and formative significance regarding the formation by Ukrainian architects of a humanistic image of a modern human-centered environment in the conditions of restoration of destroyed and reconstruction of surviving cities of Ukraine.
Russian Cosmism in the Design of the Urban Environment of the Soviet Union in the 50-60s of the Twentieth Century
Authors: Astakhova A. V.
Published: September 2023

Introduction.  The  purpose   of  the  article  is  to  illustrate  the  steady  influence   of  the philosophy of Russian cosmism  on the formation  of the urban environment  of the Soviet Union in the 50-60s  of the 20th  century. The authors  set the task to reveal that the motives of  conquering   nature,  associated  with the  achievement  of  the  ideals  of  communism, correspond to the ideals of Russian cosmism.  Cosmism is observed  everywhere  in Soviet art, but in the text the emphasis  is placed on architecture as one  of the main formations forming the city system  at the peak of urbanization  and influencing the consciousness of the Soviet person.

Methodology and sources. A comparative analysis of the philosophical concepts of Russian cosmism  and Soviet ideas  of expansive  conquest of space  is carried  out. Periodicals  and works  of  art  from  the  Soviet  Union  are  analyzed.  The  article  also  outlines  the  main philosophical  paradigms  of  philosophers   based   on  the  works  of  the  founders   of  the philosophy of cosmism (N.F. Fedorov, K.E. Tsiolkovsky,  V.I. Vernadsky).

Results and discussion. It is revealed that the motives of the conquest of nature, associated with the  achievement of the  ideals  of communism,  correspond to  the  ideals  of Russian cosmism. The practical and organic nature of Soviet architecture is evident. It was expressed in  block  construction   in  order  to  solve  the  housing  issue,  but  also  in  more  complex structures  designed  to  confirm  the  power  of the  Soviet people.  It is illustrated  that  the cosmic  forms  in Soviet architecture were defined  literally in two formats:  the  first as the personification  of rockets  in the  form  of TV towers,  the  second  as  the  personification  of plates in the embodiment of the architecture of circuses.

Conclusion. The author concludes that the images of celestial architecture, intended for the speedy  exploration  of  the  cosmic  expanses, were  literally perceived  by young romantic architects  who found the ideal justification for their projects.
Neoinstitutional Approach as a Methodology of Corporate Citizen-ship Phenomenon Analysis
Authors: Sharakhina L. V.
Published: September 2023

Introduction.  The relevance  of citizenship  institute  basics  research is actualized  by the upheavals  in economic,  social, and political systems.  The scientific novelty consists  of the outlined   neoinstitutional    approach   and   Ju.   Habermas   communicative   action   theory perspectives  as a methodology for corporate citizenship of mediatized society study.

Methodology and sources. Neoinstitutional  approach  and Ju. Habermas  communicative action theory represent the methodological  basis of the research. Citizenship is reviewed as a social and political phenomenon with implied active position of the subject,  rather than a legal   status.   A   comprehensive   analysis   of   empirical   data   is  based   on   transparent nonfinancial  reporting  of  Russian  companies,  which  are  the  members  the  UN Global Compact Network, with well-developed large-scale  socially oriented programs and projects of corporate sustainability, and expert interviews.

Results and discussion. The deepening  mediatization of postindustrial society influenses the formation  of corporate citizenship social and political phenomenon, whose structural basis is represented by value-based communicative figurations. The empirical study allowed us to outline the key features of the corporate citizenship formation model in Russia.

Conclusion.  Postindustrial  society  network  structures   deployment  forces  the  transition from  bureaucratic  logic  of  industrial  society  institutional  structures   to  communicative rationality of sociopolitical designing. From the perspective of the neoinstitutional approach, communicative  figurations established by corporate citizens represent structural basis for local communities  members socialization and influence corporations’ subjectivity acquiring in political communications system.
Pediatric Emergency Care for Children and Adolescents with Cancer: Causes of Consultation and Factors Associated with Hospitalization
Authors: Cunha Maria Ourinda Mesquita da , Lima Fernanda Ferreira da Silva , Grabois Marilia Fornaciari , Silva André Ricardo Araújo da , Ferman Sima
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Pediatric emergency care is essential for adequate medical treatment of pediatric cancer-associated complications and for increasing the chances of cure. Objective: This study aimed to describe pediatric cancer-associated emergencies and outcomes, and to analyze the factors associated with hospitalization. Method: A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted including patients aged ≤19 years who attended the pediatric emergency of a general cancer hospital from April 17 to October 17, 2019. The variables analyzed were demographics, socioeconomic status, disease and treatment factors, reasons for seeking emergency care, and associated outcomes. Results: This study included 309 patients who required 994 emergency consultations, with a total of 766 reasons for seeking care. The median age was 4.86 years; 50.8% were female and 51.5% were white. The patients had solid tumors (49.8%), central nervous system tumors (27.5%), and hematological neoplasms (15.5%). Most of the patients were home discharged (72.2%) or to support houses (6.7%). Fever was the most frequent symptom (30.8%) and the most common reason for admission. 19.2% of the patients were admitted to the ward and 2.0% to the pediatric intensive care unit (2.0%). Only two of the 309 patients (0.6%) seeking care in the pediatric emergency died in the emergency room, and these patients were in end-of-life care. Conclusion: The availability of a pediatric emergency room with skilled professionals in supportive care of pediatric patients with cancer was essential for the management of disease and treatment-related complications.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ФІНАЛЬНОГО ЕТАПУ ФОРМУВАННЯ СУЧАСНОЇ ПОДАТКОВОЇ СИСТЕМИ
Authors: Педько Андрій , Маряниченко Богдан
Published: September 2023

Стаття присвячена дослідженню фінального етапу формування сучасної податкової системи. У попередній авторській статті з даної тематики були визначені чинники, які мали вплив на процеси формування податкових механізмів першої половини XX століття. Ця ж публікація має на меті дати комплексну характеристику фінальної стадії формування сучасної системи оподаткування, що припала на другу половину XX століття. При цьому були враховані певні політико-економічні обставини, в яких знаходилися післявоєнні країни Західної Європи, а також Сполучені Штати Америки. Аналіз цих обставин і чинників дає змогу суттєво доповнити розуміння причин нинішнього падіння ефективності світової податкової системи. Існуючі дослідження зазначеної проблематики здебільшого сфокусовані на процесах глобалізації світової економіки та оцінці її впливу на функціонування фіскальних механізмів. При цьому обмаль уваги приділяється аналізу багатьох інших чинників, які у той період мали першочергове значення для розбудови системи оподаткування, котра із невеликими трансформаціями існує і по сьогодні. З цією метою нами було проаналізовано взаємозв'язок філософських, політико-економічних і соціальних поглядів досліджуваного періоду в контексті політики державного патерналізму в сфері оподаткування. Дано оцінку науковим працям деяких видатних європейських і американських вчених, які стали теоретико-методологічним підґрунтям нових на той час механізмів оподаткування. Дослідження проведено із застосуванням низки загальнонаукових і спеціальних методів.
The cardioprotective potential of melatonin on cardiac hypertrophy: A mechanistic overview
Authors: Khatoon Razia , Sarkar Swaimanti , Chattopadhyay Aindrila , Bandyopadhyay Debasish
Published: September 2023

Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is an increment of muscle mass to maintain the heart regular operations. A physiological cardiac hypertrophy due to exercise or other normal physiological process is characterized by normal contractile function and structural framework of heart tissue. In contrast, pathological hypertrophy occurs in response to increased pressure or volume overload from several cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, valvular diseases, cardiac infarction and heart failure. It is of major concern as it is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Despite much progress in this field there is a scope for understanding of the molecular mechanisms of this condition. In this review, various types of cardiac hypertrophy and their intricate physio-pathological mechanisms have been discussed. In addition, the genetic mutations in sarcomere genes and oxidative stress are also closely linked to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Although several drugs against cardiac hypertrophy have been used, it appears that melatonin, due to its high bioavailability and low side effects, is a better candidate than the conventional medicine for treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Melatonin, a hormone and a potent antioxidant, is secreted mainly from the pineal gland, but it is also synthesized from different peripheral tissues including the heart. This molecule can regulate a myriad of cellular functions.  It can protect against cardiac hypertrophy via reducing oxidative stress, elevating Cu-Mn SOD via controlling several cell signalling pathways of Akt/mTOR, ROR-α and NLRP3 cascades. Melatonin also mitigates cardiac hypertrophy by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and TGF-β and cardiac hypertrophy markers like β-MHC, ANP, BNP, LDH. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy and the defensive role of melatonin on it. We propose melatoninas a propitious adjunct for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
Financial Performance of Construction Companies during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Amurao Gianfranco V. , Cruz Nadia Kristine N. , Laxamana Jonathan David , Pigao Kevin Jamir F. , Santiago King Solomon T.
Published: September 2023

The global construction industries were significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in substantial consequences for businesses in this sector. The operational activities of construction companies in the Philippines were significantly impacted by the imposed restrictions. The objective of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the profitability of three construction companies in the Philippines. Through the application of horizontal comparative analysis and ANOVA, the researchers have determined that there exists a statistically significant positive correlation between the profitability ratios of the three construction companies. Their Gross Profit Margin and Return on Assets (ROA) showed positive acceptable ratios during the pandemic.
BRANCHING PROCESS MODELLING: A TOOL FOR DECIPHERING COMPLEX REAL-WORLD PHENOMENA USING R PROGRAMMING
Authors: Abdulazeez Sikiru Adeyinka
Published: September 2023

The reproduction of organisms such as human beings, cells or neutrons can be modeled via branching processes.The theory of branching processes offers suitable mathematical models to depict the chance-based progression of systems, where elements like cells, particles, or general individuals replicate and perish over a certain lifespan. These models are employed to illustrate stochastic systems like chain reactions, lineage continuation of surnames, elimination of pests, population growth, and gene spread. This study clearly showcases the likelihood of extinction, its timing, and the odds of complete offspring through vivid examples. The decline of prominent families from history has often been observed and has sparked numerous speculations. The branching process is a very useful tool in many real life problems (non-deterministic problems) and random phenomenon. Research indicates that when the average number of descendants for each entity exceeds 1 (meaning individuals reproduce at a rate slightly higher than self-replacement), the branching process doesn't necessarily cease. On the other hand, if this average number is 1 or lower, the process will inevitably face extinction.
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI BELAJAR BAHASA JEPANG BERBASIS WEBSITE
Authors: Sisephaputra Bonda , Ramadhan Ariq Fachry , Affifudin Ibnu Fauzan , Noor Nafi' Hasballah , Hidayatullah Muhammad Alif
Published: September 2023

Pemrograman website memainkan peran yang sangat penting dalam perkembangan aplikasi ManGo yang bertujuan untuk memberikan layanan pendidikan online kepada pengguna. ManGo sendiri adalah platform pendidikan online yang menyediakan materi pembelajaran Bahasa Jepang Hiragana. ManGo juga dilengkapi dengan fitur kuis sehingga pengguna dapat berlatih menjawab pertanyaan sesuai dengan materi yang telah dipelajari. ManGo dilengkapi dengan desain responsif yang memungkinkan tampilan situs web dapat disesuaikan dengan berbagai perangkat, seperti komputer, tablet, dan ponsel. ManGo melibatkan berbagai aspek seperti desain responsif, pengkodean front-end, dan pengkodean back-end. Penggunaan teknologi dan bahasa pengkodean yang tepat, bersama-sama dengan perhatian terhadap keamanan, skalabilitas, dan performa, menjadi faktor kunci dalam perkembangan aplikasi situs web ManGo yang sukses.
SPATIAL PROVISION OF TERRITORIES WITH MODERN UAVS
Authors: Nelin E. , Kasyanov V. , Khariv V.
Published: September 2023

The research endeavor embarks on a rigorous and exhaustive exploration of the widespread and intricate employment of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as avant-garde instruments, orchestrating an all-encompassing spatial dominion across an eclectic array of territories. This scholarly pursuit unfurls a tapestry of multifaceted applications spanning the domains of geodesy, agriculture, and the environment, painting a vivid portrait of UAVs' versatility and adaptability in diverse contexts.
Of pivotal and paramount significance is the prominent and transformative role that UAVs ingeniously assume, deftly navigating the labyrinthine maze of ecological conundrums, safeguarding and stewarding precious and finite resources, while concurrently effectuating an elevation in the realms of territorial governance and administration. The crux of their impact lies in their consummate proficiency in assimilating and harnessing the wealth of geospatial data, standing as a beacon illuminating the path toward sustainable advancement and a heightened echelon of the human experience.
The fulcrum around which this paradigmatic shift pivots is the seamless and harmonious convergence of UAV technologies, emerging as the veritable cornerstone facilitating the judicious allocation of resources across a heterogeneous spectrum of industries. This intricate interplay not only synergizes operational efficacy but also engenders a profound and harmonious fusion of sectors, fomenting a fertile crucible for the perpetuation of ceaseless innovation within this dynamic and kinetic domain.
In a swiftly evolving milieu underscored by the relentless march of technology, this comprehensive and erudite inquiry resonates as an unequivocal and resonant paean to the transformative prowess inherent in UAV deployment. With an unwavering clarion call, it delineates the indispensable, irreplaceable, and seminal role that UAVs occupy in the panoramic tapestry of the modern global landscape, unequivocally cementing their status as unequivocal vanguards of progress, catalyzing innovation and heralding a new era of limitless possibilities.
Keywords: unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), spatial coverage, geospatial data, ecological monitoring, territories, application sectors, cartography, geodesy, territorial management, monitoring.
FORMATION OF EDUCATIONAL COMPONENTS IN THE SPECIALTY OF GEODESY AND LAND SURVEYING AT THE BACHELOR LEVEL
Authors: Chang Liu , Velychko V. , Kovalenko L.
Published: September 2023

It has been proven that the formation of modern approaches to the development of educational components and the application of educational programs allow solving a complex of problematic issues regarding the training of qualified specialists, especially in the field of geodesy and land management. In addition, in recent years there has been a decrease in applicants, an increase in the level of competition between universities. Therefore, creating conditions to ensure the development of higher educational institutions based on attracting applicants is an important and urgent task. The purpose of the study is the formation of educational components in the specialty of geodesy and land management at the bachelor's level, taking into account modern transformational processes. The identified tasks of the research are related to: highlighting the transformational aspects of the formation of educational components at the bachelor's level; characteristics of educational components; determining the results of education at the bachelor's level in the specialty of geodesy and land management. The directions and educational components of the formation of the educational program in the specialty of geodesy and land management at the bachelor's level have been determined. Characterized competencies and defined learning outcomes: formation and use of knowledge about geodesy and land management; creation of an information base to ensure the development of land use; formation of spatial provision of territories; to know and apply regulatory and legal support in professional activities; research of retrospective aspects of the formation of geodetic and geospatial provision of territories; carrying out surveys and prospecting, topographic-geodetic, cartographic, project and project-research works in the field of geodesy and land management; application of modern geoinformation systems and technologies for the formation of spatial information; formation of land management documentation of territories; organization and conduct of geodetic and land management works; formation and implementation of recommendations on increasing the efficiency of land use of the territories; creation of conditions for territorial development of land use, taking into account spatial, town-planning, ecological, investment features. As a result of the study, directions for the distribution of hours of educational components according to a modular and disciplinary approach are proposed. Keywords: educational components, educational programs, geodesy and land management, bachelor's level.
CREATION OF A PORTABLE FOAM GENERATOR WITH PRACTICAL RESEARCH CONDUCTED
Authors: Zemlianskyi O. , Yurha T. , Troshkin S.
Published: September 2023

The article describes the process of modeling and creating a compact portable foam generator of medium multiplicity with geometric and dimensional parameters that allow for the use of air-mechanical foam directly during reconnaissance without complicating circumstances that arise during reconnaissance with a gas and smoke protection service when it is necessary to supply air-mechanical foam without a foam generator, which is not included in the minimum necessary list of firefighting tools and devices.
Generally, the use of foam generators by the gas and smoke protection service during fires is a common practice and constitutes typical actions in case of fire incidents. However, there is one particular aspect in the use of generators - their weight and geometric dimensions, which may restrict the movement of personnel in relatively confined spaces such as cable tunnels, basements, and underground structures. Therefore, greater attention should be paid to the use of foam generators with medium multiplicity.
The foam isolates the combustion zone from flammable vapors and gases, as well as the combustible surface of the material from the heat emitted by the reaction zone. It penetrates well into the premises, overcomes turns and climbs, quickly fills the volume of the room, displaces combustion products heated to high temperatures, thereby reducing the temperature in the room. To ensure instant response to the situation during reconnaissance with a gas and smoke protection service, equipment should be provided that allows for confident response to complex tactical tasks for the fire suppression commander, making informed and decisive decisions regarding reducing the likelihood of emergency situations and reducing the percentage of human and material losses.
The motto of a rescuer is "prevent, save, help." This article describes a useful model that reduces the decision-making time for the fire suppression commander at the end of reconnaissance, the time of initiating the first fire extinguishing nozzle, the time of fire localization and extinguishment, which increases the likelihood of saving human lives from fire hazards.
Keywords: compact medium expansion foam generator, air-mechanical foam, gas and smoke protection service.
Imported Inflation and the Wage-Price Nexus in Poland
Authors: Kelm Robert , Sobiech Pellegrini Izabela
Published: September 2023

Różnorodność szoków oddziałujących na inflację cen w Polsce sprawia, że rozstrzygnięcie o roli każdego z nich nie jest możliwe bez wykorzystania właściwych metod analizy ilościowej. W artykule przedstawiono ekonometryczny makromodel cen i płac, w którym wyeksponowano bezpośrednie oddziaływanie na inflację szoków podażowych transmitowanych z rynków surowców energetycznych oraz oddziaływanie tych szoków na sprzężenie płacowo-cenowe. Ze względu na tajność danych o cenach i wolumenów importu gazu ziemnego z Rosji do Polski zaproponowano metodę oszacowania deflatora importu gazu ziemnego na podstawie danych o pozostałych głównych surowcach energetycznych (ropa naftowa i węgiel). Model umożliwia ocenę, w jakim stopniu ceny krajowe (CPI) zależą od tendencji na rynkach światowych (w tym od cen surowców energetycznych), a w jakim stopniu od cen krajowych; możliwe jest oszacowanie wpływu polityki fiskalnej na kształtowanie się cen. Równania modelu są konstruowane przy wykorzystaniu metod kointegracyjnych dla zdezagregowanych indeksów cen konsumenta i cen importu. Własności systemu 19 równań są badane przy wykorzystaniu analizy mnożnikowej. Zaprezentowano wyniki symulacji, w której założono niepodejmowanie działań antykryzysowych w okresie pandemii COVID-19. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na istotną rolę polityki fiskalnej w kształtowaniu cen.
Living Communities and Their Archaeologies in the Middle East: An Introduction
Authors: Bonnie Rick , Lorenzon Marta , Thomas Suzie
Published: September 2023

This chapter introduces the theme and aims of the volume Living Communities and Their Archaeologies in the Middle East. The history of archaeology in the Middle East is deeply rooted in its original colonial enterprise. Hence, ‘doing’ community archaeology is very different from what is practised in countries in Europe and North America, where this archaeological sub-discipline first developed. Therefore, this chapter also serves as an introduction to and contextualization of community archaeology in the Middle East in relation to its development elsewhere globally.