bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interface Reaction between Directional Solidified Superalloy DZ40M and Ceramic Mould
Authors: Wang Li Li , Yao Jian Sheng , Gu Guo Hong , Li Xin , Niu Shu Xin , Wang Zeng Li
Published: June 2021

The interfaces between DZ40M directional solidified superalloy and ceramic mould (SiO2-base core and Al2O3-base shell) was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that there was a serious interface reaction between DZ40M and ceramic cores，which resulted in many reaction pits (~100μm deep), Si rich residue alloys and Zr rich subglobose oxides on the inner surface. And the interface reaction between DZ40M and ceramic shell induced a ~50μm of pink sand burning layer. The thermal analysis showed that the reactions between DZ40M and core or shell were similar: the active alloy constituents (Zr, Al, Ti and Cr) were oxidized and became oxides or solid solution with the core or shell components (SiO2, Al2O3 or Fe2O3), but the interface characterization of DZ40M/core and DZ40M/shell was different because the shell had the main content of Al2O3 and impurity of Fe2O3, while those of the core were SiO2 and CaO, respectively.
Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Annealed Fe-8Mn-6Al-0.4C Duplex Low-Density Steels
Authors: Chen Rong , Chen Peng , Li Xiao Wu
Published: June 2021

The cold-rolled Fe-8Mn-6Al-0.4C duplex low-density steel was annealed at different conditions to obtain ferrite + austenite duplex microstructure. The excellent mechanical properties (i.e., elongation of 52%, tensile strength of 785 MPa, and a product of tensile strength and elongation of 40.9 GPa·%) have been obtained by adjusting the volume fraction and the stability of austenite. The microstructure of the experimental steels was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD), and the volume fraction of austenite was estimated by the X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the distribution of austenite grain size is inhomogeneous, and that the mechanical stability of austenite is mainly affected by the alloying partitioning and the variation of grain size during the annealing process. The increase of elongation is attributed to the degradation in mechanical stability of austenite, which can efficiently promote an occurrence of transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) effect.
Hot Deformation Behavior of 980MPa δ-TRIP Steel
Authors: Fu Jian , Chen Peng , Yi Hong Liang
Published: June 2021

The δ-TRIP steel has attracted wide attention from researchers and industry, as it possesses the mechanical properties of the third-generation advanced automotive steels, and the lower density achieved by the addition of light element aluminum. However, there have been few studies on the hot deformation behavior of δ-TRIP steel at high temperature, which is critical for the design of the hot rolling process. In the present study, hot compression tests were carried out on a 980 MPa δ-TRIP steel to achieve a better understanding of the deformation behavior at high temperatures from 800°C to 1150°C. Combined with the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis, the results showed that δ-TRIP steel was a positive strain-rate sensitive material, and its soften was contributed by dynamic re-crystallization of ferrite and austenite during deformation at high temperature. The hot deformation activation energy (Q = 327.485 kJ/mol) of the experimental steel was calculated, and the strain index was 5.65. Besides, the related constitutive equation and the flow stress equation were also established.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High Strength Low Alloy Steel Q550D
Authors: Li Fang Po , Li Ning , Wang Xian Lin , Liang Ming Hua
Published: June 2021

Drilling equipment is the key of oil and gas drilling development. Its manufacturing quality and service performance have important influence on oil and gas drilling development safety. The application of high strength grade steel plays an important role in improving drilling equipment manufacturing level and service performance. In this paper, the chemical composition, microstructure, tensile properties, impact properties and hardness of TMCP Q550D and Q-T Q550D high-strength low-alloy steel were tested and compared, and the application feasibility for drilling equipment manufacture was analyzed comprehensively. The experimental results show that the mechanical properties of Q550D by two different methods were obviously higher than the requirement of national standard. Q550D steel had excellent plasticity and toughness, which meets the requirement of drilling equipment manufacture. The main difference between different steel lied in their chemical composition and micro-structure. Carbon content of TMCP Q550D steel plate was lower than that of QT Q550D, and TMCP Q550 was mainly depend on TMCP technology and micro-alloy elements, whose micro-structure was mainly granular bainite. Q-T Q550D was mainly depend on Q-T technology, and its microstructure was tempered sorbite with obvious banded structure and slightly low toughness.
Effect of Ti and Sb Elements Addition on the Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Hot-Dip Galvanized Zn-11Al-3Mg Alloy
Authors: Sun Hui Jie , Zhou Guo Rong , Zhang Ming Ming , Wang Xue Feng , Yu Shui , Zhang Ge
Published: June 2021

The effect of Ti and Sb elements addition on the microstructures and corrosion resistance of hot-dip galvanized Zn-11Al-3Mg alloy was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Electrochemical workstation, respectively. Results showed that the grain size of the alloy was obviously refined with the addition of Ti and Sb elements, due to Al3Ti phase as the nucleation substrate resulted in the transformation of Al-rich phase from dendrite to petal-like. In addition, the pitting corrosion resistance of the alloy has been significantly enhanced.
Progress of Microstructure and Texture of High Purity Tantalum Sputtering Target
Authors: Bai Jiang Hao , Xiong Xiao Dong , Luo Jun Feng , Xu Guo Jin , Li Yong Jun
Published: June 2021

In recent years, the IC (integrated circuit) industry has developed rapidly and the chip process technology has developed in the direction of higher density. Because of its good chemical stability, tantalum is used as a sputtering coating material for the diffusion barrier in the copper interconnect process. The uniform microstructure of the tantalum target directly affects the sputtering performance. The fabrication of high-quality thin films requires the tantalum target to have fine and uniform crystal grains and random grain orientation distribution. However, due to the characteristics of tantalum, it is easy to form a microstructure with {100} (<100>//ND) orientation on the surface and {111} (<111>//ND) orientation on the core during cold working. During the fabrication of thin films, the sputtering rate varies with the thickness of the target, which affects the sputtering stability. To provide ideas for improving the uniformity of the microstructure of the tantalum target, this article reviews the preparation processes that affect the grain orientation and size of the high-purity tantalum target, including forging methods, rolling methods, recrystallization annealing, etc., analyze the law of texture evolution of tantalum and introduction the research status of cold working and recrystallization.
Experiment and Simulation Analysis of the Pressure Carrying Capacity of X80 Pipe with Metal Loss Defect on the Girth Weld
Authors: Li Zheng Long , Chen Lin , Li Zhi Hong , Yan Guo Shuai , Li Wei
Published: June 2021

In order to study the pressure carrying capacity of X80 pipe with metal loss defect on the girth weld the water-pressure blasting test of the pipe with metal loss defect was analyzed by experiment and finite element simulation. Based on this, the sensitivity analysis of the factors affecting the pressure carrying of the pipeline, such as the circular size, the axial size, and the depth of the metal loss defect, was carried out. The research results show that the circular size of the metal loss defect on the girth weld had little impact to the pressure carrying capacity of the pipe while it reduced with the increasing of the axial size and the depth of the metal loss defect.
Influences of Solution Temperatures on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of near α Titanium Alloy
Authors: Tan Chao , Chen Zi Yong , Xiang Zhi Lei , Ma Xiao Zhao , Yang Zi An
Published: June 2021

A new type of Ti-Al-Sn-Zr-Mo-Si series high temperature titanium alloy was prepared by a water-cooled copper crucible vacuum induction melting method, and its phase transition point was determined by differential thermal analysis to be Tβ = 1017 °C. The influences of solution temperature on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the as-forged high temperature titanium alloy were studied. XRD results illustrated that the phase composition of the alloy after different heat treatments was mainly α phase and β phase. The microstructures showed that with the increase of the solution temperature, the content of the primary α phase gradually reduced, the β transformation structure increased by degrees, then, the number and size of secondary α phase increased obviously. The tensile results at room temperature (RT) illustrated that as the solution temperature increased, the strength of the alloy gradually increased, and the plasticity decreased slightly. The results of tensile test at 650 °C illustrated that the strength of the alloy enhanced with the increase of solution temperature, the plasticity decreased first and then increased, when the solution temperature increased to 1000 °C, the alloy had the best comprehensive mechanical properties, the tensile strength reached 714.01 MPa and the elongation was 8.48 %. Based on the room temperature and high temperature properties of the alloy, the best heat treatment process is finally determined as: 1000 °C/1 h/AC+650 °C/6 h/AC.
Effect of Different Molecular Weight of PEG on the Crystallization Behaviors of Binary Polymer Blends PLA/TPS
Authors: Zhang Teng , Zheng Su Mei
Published: June 2021

Serial poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and thermoplastic starch (TPS) blends (with a fixed content of 20 wt.% TPS) were prepared by melt extrusion process. The effect of different molecular weight of PEG on the thermal and rheological properties of PLA/TPS blends was studied by the melt ﬂow rate (MFR) and DSC analysis. The results showed that the molecular weight of PEG inﬂuenced the miscibility and crystallization behavior of PLA/TPS blends. Blend added with PEG400 showed a single Tg, and blends with PEG600 provided remarkable improvement of rheological properties with an increase in flow rate to 49.02 g/10 min. 4% content of poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) can positively contribute to improve crystallization rate of PLA by reducing the melting temperature and cold crystallization temperature.
Deep-mixing and deep-cooling events in Lake Garda: Simulation and mechanisms
Authors: Biemond Bouke , Amadori Marina , Toffolon Marco , Piccolroaz Sebastiano , Van Haren Hans , Dijkstra Henk A.
Published: June 2021

A calibrated three-dimensional numerical model (Delft3D) and in-situ observations are used to study the relation between deep-water temperature and deep mixing in Lake Garda (Italy). A model-observation comparison indicates that the model is able to adequately capture turbulent kinetic energy production in the surface layer and its vertical propagation during unstratified conditions. From the modeling results several processes are identified to affect the deep-water temperature in Lake Garda. The first process is thermocline tilting due to strong and persistent winds, leading to a temporary disappearance of stratification followed by vertical mixing. The second process is turbulent cooling, which acts when vertical temperature gradients are nearly absent over the whole depth and arises as a combination of buoyancy-induced turbulence production due to surface cooling and turbulence production by strong winds. A third process is differential cooling, which causes cold water to move from the shallow parts of the lake to deeper parts along the sloping bottom. Two of these processes (thermocline tilting and turbulent cooling) cause deep-mixing events, while deep-cooling events are mainly caused by turbulent cooling and differential cooling. Detailed observations of turbulence quantities and lake temperature, available at the deepest point of Lake Garda for the year 2018, indicate that differential cooling was responsible for the deep-water cooling at that location. Long-term simulations of deep-water temperature and deep mixing appear to be very sensitive to the applied wind forcing. This sensitivity is one of the main challenges in making projections of future occurrences of episodic deep mixing and deep cooling under climate change.
Automated high frequency monitoring of Lake Maggiore through in situ sensors: system design, field test and data quality control
Authors: Tiberti Rocco , Caroni Rossana , Cannata Massimiliano , Lami Andrea , Manca Dario , Strigaro Daniele , Rogora Michela
Published: June 2021

A high frequency monitoring (HFM) system for the deep subalpine lakes Maggiore, Lugano and Como is under development within the EU INTERREG project SIMILE. The HFM system is designed to i) describe often neglected but potentially relevant processes occurring on short time scale; ii) become a cost-effective source of environmental data; and iii) strengthen the coordinated management of water resources in the subalpine lake district. In this project framework, a first HFM station (LM1) consisting of a monitoring buoy was placed in Lake Maggiore. LM1 represents a pilot experience within the project, aimed at providing the practical know-how needed for the development of the whole HFM system. To increase replicability and transferability, LM1 was developed in-house, and conceived as a low-cost modular system. LM1 is presently equipped with solar panels, a weather station, and sensors for water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and chlorophyll-a. In this study, we describe the main features of LM1 (hardware and software) and the adopted Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) procedures. To this end, we provide examples from a test period, i.e., the first 9-months of functioning of LM1. A description of the software selected as data management software for the HFM system (IstSOS) is also provided. Data gathered during the study period provided clear evidence that coupling HFM and discrete sampling for QA/QC controls is necessary to produce accurate data and to detect and correct errors, mainly because of sensor fouling and calibration drift. These results also provide essential information to develop further the HFM system and shared protocols adapted to the local environmental (i.e., large subalpine lakes) and technical (expertise availability) context. Next challenge is making HFM not only a source of previously unaffordable information, but also a cost-effective tool for environmental monitoring.
Lateral Ankle Sprain and Subsequent Ankle Sprain Risk: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wikstrom Erik A. , Cain Mary Spencer , Chandran Avinash , Song Kyeongtak , Regan Tasha , Migel Kimmery , Kerr Zachary Y.
Published: June 2021

Objective

To evaluate the evidence regarding the association between lateral ankle sprain (LAS) history and the subsequent LAS risk, as well as sex differences in the observed associations.

Data Sources

PubMed, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus were searched through July 2020 for articles on LAS history and incidence during the study period.

Study Selection

Studies were included if they were prospective in nature and the authors reported the number of participants with and those without a history of LAS at study initiation as well as the number of participants in each group who sustained an LAS during the investigation.

Data Extraction

Data were study design parameters as well as the number of participants with and those without an LAS history and the number of subsequent LASs that occurred in both groups. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs compared the risk of LAS during the study period between those with and those without an LAS history for each investigation.

Data Synthesis

A total of 19 studies involving 6567 patients were included. The follow-up periods ranged from 14 weeks to 2 years. Assessment scores indicated the studies were of moderate to high quality. A significantly higher risk of LAS during the study period was observed among those with a history of LAS in 10 of 15 studies (RR range = 1.29–6.06). Similar associations were seen in 4 of 6 studies of all-male samples (RR range = 1.38–8.65) and 1 of 4 studies with an all-female sample (RR = 4.28).

Conclusions

Strong evidence indicates that a previous LAS increased the risk of a subsequent LAS injury. Men with a history of LAS appeared to be at a higher risk of sustaining a subsequent LAS, but women were not. However, further data are needed to draw definitive conclusions from the limited number of sex-specific studies.
The significance of rhinomanometry in evaluation of postlaryngectomy olfactory rehabilitation by polite yawning technique
Authors: Manestar D. , Ticac R. , Velepic M. , Braut T. , Manestar-Donadic I. , Manestar K. , Malvic G. , Starcevic R.
Published: June 2021

Objective: To corroborate the result of postlaryngectomy olfactory rehabilitation evaluating the efficacy of the Polite Yawning Technique (PYT) with rhinomanometry and odours with the Smell diskettes Olfaction test (SDOT). Materials and methods: Thirty-two laryngectomised patients were subjected to olfactory rehabilitation consisting of 15-minute training and independent exercising for two weeks. The sense of smell and nasal airflow in laryngectomised patients were examined before and after implementation of PYT. Results: The differences in SDOT results prior to and after introduction of PYT were statistically significant, most patients achieving better results after rehabilitation. A significant positive correlation was obtained in results of SDOT and rhinomanometry prior to and after introduction of PYT. The results of measurements after rehabilitation showed that 75% of patients had improved nasal breathing, 78% of patients had a better sense of smell and 40% of patients became normosmic. Conclusions: PYT has proved to be an effective method in olfaction rehabilitation following total laryngectomy. Using rhinomanometry, evaluation of the rehabilitation success is substantiated while the technique is simplified.
Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis - a new staging system
Authors: Philpott C.M. , Javer A.R. , Clark A.
Published: June 2021

Background: The existing Kupferberg post-operative endoscopic staging system for allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) has 4 stages (0-3) based on the `global` appearance of one side of the nose. Patients may however show visual improvement and yet remain at the same stage due to persistence in one sinus cavity, thus making the staging system ineffective. The aim of this study was to validate a new system that allows greater sensitivity in characterising the inflammation seen endoscopically. Methodology: A series of endoscopy videos of 50 patients with AFRS were retrospectively staged using a new ten-grade system, scoring each sinus cavity (maxillary, ethmoid, frontal and sphenoid) from 0-9 for increasing mucosal oedema and 1 point for the presence of fungal mucin giving a maximum score of 40 for each side of the nose. To assess reliability, 4 independent rhinologists were also asked to score the videos using the new system. Results: A greater variety in the spectrum of mucosal disease was demonstrated with the new system allowing for a more descriptive analysis of its severity and its response, or lack of, to treatment. The inter-class correlation between the 6 total observers was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.92). Conclusion: Use of the new staging system provides a more sensitive tool for following patients` progress post-operatively in allergic fungal rhinosinusitis and in determining their response to treatment.
Long terms results of Draf type III (modified endoscopic Lothrop) frontal sinus drainage procedure in 122 patients: a single centre experience
Authors: Georgalas C. , Hansen F. , Videler W.J.M. , Fokkens W.J.
Published: June 2021

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness and factors associated with restenosis after Draf type III (Endoscopic Modified Lothrop) frontal sinus drainage procedure. Design: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. Patients: A hundred and twenty two consecutive patients undergoing Draf III procedure for recalcitrant chronic frontal rhinosinusitis (CRS) (71%), frontal sinus mucocoele (15%), benign frontal sinus tumours (9%) and cystic fibrosis with severe CRS (5%) were followed up for an average of 33 months. Outcome measures: Symptom burden (Visual Analogue Scale and Rhinosinusitis Outcome Measure), patency of neo-ostium and revision surgery. Results: At the end of follow up, ninety percent of patients had a patent neo-ostium, while 88% were either clinically better or completely asymptomatic. Thirty-nine patients required endoscopic revision surgery and 9 eventually underwent frontal sinus obliteration. Sixty percent of revision operations were performed during the first two years. RSOM showed a significant improvement in both general and nasal symptoms while on a VAS, headache improved significantly. The only factor weakly associated with re-stenosis was the presence of allergy. There were no major complications during any of the procedures. Conclusion: Draf III Procedure is safe and effective for patients who have failed conventional frontal sinus procedures and a valid alternative to frontal sinus obliteration. Although the revision rate may appear to be quite significant, it can often be performed as an outpatient procedure and needs to be balanced against the reduced morbidity and the ease of follow-up.
Olfactory loss after head and neck cancer radiation therapy
Authors: Bramerson A. , Nyman J. , Nordin S. , Bende M.
Published: June 2021

Background: A reduced sense of smell may be one explanation for why patients with cancer in the ear, nose and throat (ENT) region who are treated with radiation therapy lose weight. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether radiation therapy has a negative effect on olfactory function and, if so, whether this effect is dose-related. Methodology: Seventy-one patients were tested using odour-detection sensitivity and olfactory identification tests before radiation therapy and 20 months after it. Results: Patients who received radiation close to the olfactory organ showed a reduced sense of smell, in both tests. A multiple regression analysis showed that the radiation dose was related to decline in the olfactory function, while age, sex, chemotherapy and interactions between these variables were not. Conclusion: Radiation therapy can damage olfactory cells.
Comparison between unilateral PNIF and rhinomanometry in healthy and obstructed noses
Authors: Ottaviano G. , Lund V. , Nardello E. , Scarpa B. , Frasson G. , Staffieri A. , Scadding G.
Published: June 2021

Aims: Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow (PNIF) is an easy method to assess nasal patency. Normative unilateral PNIF data in adults have been proposed. The study purpose was to compare PNIF and unilateral PNIF values to total and unilateral nasal resistances measured by anterior active rhinomanometry (AAR) in subjects with and without nasal obstruction to see whether unilateral PNIFis sensitive to detect nasal obstruction. Methods and results: Measurements of PNIF, unilateral PNIF and AAR were performed in 125 volunteers. Seventy of them were healthy subjects not complaining of nasal symptoms and entered into the study as the'normal' group. The other group consisted of fifty-five symptomatic subjects.Data were analysed to show the correlation between PNIF, unilateral PNIF and nasal resistances. The ability of PNIF and AAR in predicting pathologies were compared by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicating that PNIF and AAR have a similar and significant power to discriminate pathologic from healthy subjects. Conclusion: The measurement of unilateral PNIF could be a helpful method to support the diagnosis of nasal blockage also in those cases with single nostril obstruction, but, in cases of doubt, AAR should also be performed to improve diagnostic accuracy.
Modified Lund Mackay Postoperative Endoscopy Score for defining inflammatory burden in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Snidvongs K. , Dalgorf D. , Kalish L. , Sacks R. , Pratt E. , Harvey R.J.
Published: June 2021

Objective: The Lund Mackay Postoperative Endoscopy Score (LMES) for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a poor measure of the patient experience. A proposed Modified Lund Mackay Postoperative Endoscopy Score (MLMES) aims to better describe the inflammatory burden in CRS. Methods: A prospective study on CRS patients having endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) was conducted. Endoscopy was recorded at the 6th and the 12th week post-op. The MLMES recorded changes in mucosa, mucus and purulence for each of the maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid, frontal sinuses and olfactory fossa in post-ESS cavities. The correlation between MLMES and visual analogue scale of total rhinosinusitis symptoms, global anchor score of nasal function, Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 22 (SNOT-22) and nasal symptom score was analyzed. The inter-observer reliability, intra-observer reliability and correlation between the change in MLMES and in subjective measures were also investigated. Results: Thirty patients were assessed. The MLMES significantly correlated with visual analogue scale, SNOT-22, global anchor and nasal symptom score. The change in MLMES correlated with the change in SNOT-22 and nasal symptom score. The inter-observer and intra-observer reliability were excellent. Conclusion: Objectives measurements for post-ESS patients can be reconsidered to represent the cumulative inflammatory burden of all sinuses. The proposed MLMES represents total sinus inflammatory burden and correlates well with patient reported outcome measures.
Geometry for a Symmetrıc 2-Path Atom Interferometer Model
Authors: Adamu Yakubu , Wang Charles H-T
Published: June 2021

It is often argued that the sensitivity of atom interferometer depends on the geometry of the interfering atom paths, conventionally, atom interferometer are usually configured to be sensitive to all deformations including tensor and scalar field deformations, it is a promising and robust tool for obtaining a highly sensitive and accurate measurements of gravitational signals, as such they are potentially capable of testing a wide range of fundamental physics questions including gravitational decoherence. Therefore, motivated by the recent search to improve the sensitivity of the next generation atom interferometer, we derived a broad class of equations that obeys a specific geometric configuration for the interfering paths for a 2-level atom interferometer model, and in doing so, we further analysed various configurations for the geometric interpretation, in addition to interferometric influence phase shift and a possible decoherence factor which could lead to a systematic theoretical framework for future sensing of weak forces, due to, for example, gravitational waves and light dark matter.
Gauss with Elementary Matrices in the SoftAge
Authors: Rosa Márcio Antonio de Faria , Peres Rafael , Peres Daniela Pereira Mendes
Published: June 2021

Software can be employed to solve math problems and we have to cooperate with them not passively but in an active way. In this article, we present situations in which the software user should be careful in order to avoid the use of the straight commands of the software that may put a matrix in its echelon form or give straight its rank. Wrong results appear in Wolfram’s Mathematica software if the matrix has algebraic entries. Using the Gaussian elimination step by step method with the help of elementary matrices is a good strategy for the software user in such cases.
Self-Orientalization in the East Asian Medical Community
Authors: Jackowicz Steve
Published: June 2021

Traditional medical practices have yielded to modern Western Allopathic Medicine in much of the world. However, Traditional East Asian Medicine (aka Traditional Chinese Medicine) which includes Acupuncture, Asian Herbalism, Asian Bodywork, and Meditative Breathing Practices (Taijiquan / Qigong) has grown in popularity around the world. In the United States, Traditional East Asian Medicine has entered mainstream culture, becoming licensed as a type of healthcare service. The development of this type of medicine in the United States began in the late nineteenth century with Asian immigration, but in the latter part of the twentieth century grew from a localized ethnic enclave based cultural practice into a larger social phenomenon reactive to socio cultural dynamics in the medical industrial complex. However, intrinsic in this rise and integration with majority culture has been the inculcation of Orientalized attitudinal poles that rely on stereotypical, trivialized, and racist interpretations of the very traditions that they seem to embrace. This paper examines the aspect of this Orientalizing process in the East Asian Medical community in the United States among immigrants, second generation, and non-Asian students and practitioners.
Interpretation of China’s Global Advocacy for Renewable Energy through Lenses of Liberalism as an International Relations Theory
Authors: Liang Junjie (Jasper) , Li Sixuan (Alice)
Published: June 2021

There has been numerous literature analysing the international expansion of renewable energy utilizing realism as an International Relations theory from both For and Against perspectives, such as casting doubt on fair cooperation or urging individual states to catch up with the global competition. This paper attempts to offer an alternative explanation to the international cooperation between China and the world in the field of renewable energy through the lenses of liberalism. The role and influence of liberalism in explaining this phenomenon will be presented in the form of compare and contrast between liberalism and realism, with secondary theories included such as institutional liberalism, idealism and democratic peace theory. The rapid growth of renewable energy globally in recent decades could be attributed to individual states’ policies, intergovernmental cooperation and advocacy by international organizations. The paper demonstrates that China’s ability to develop renewable energy can be correspondingly attributed to its willingness to cooperate under the framework of liberalism. It actively participates in international agreements, works with international organizations, and trades with other countries. With cooperative efforts, it succeeds in mitigating the traditional energy crisis and further promoting energy transition. In conclusion, liberalism provides a more accurate and innovative explanation to China`s advocacy for renewable energy compared to realism, and it can be argued that China’s model of energy transformation could be learned by the international community to tackle climate change.
Ciberacoso como expresión de violencia integral
Authors: Corro Borrero Jahir Alberto , López Rodríguez Emma Doris
Published: June 2021

El ciberacoso es una problemática recurrente en las juventudes del siglo XXI, en la cual convergen un conjunto de fenómenos delictivos como el sexting, sextorsión, el bullying o el grooming, entre otros. Esto es así porque las Redes Sociales son plataformas que se desarrollan rápidamente en los últimos años, proporcionando una forma idónea y expedita para conectar a personas de todo el mundo y compartir sus intereses y estilos de vida. El objetivo de la investigación consiste en analizar el ciberacoso cómo expresión de violencia de género en una muestra de la población estudiantil de básica y media de la institución educativa Betsabé Espinosa, ubicada en Barranquilla, Colombia. Metodológicamente se hizo uno del método fenomenológico-hermenéutico y, a modo de instrumentos para recabar información, se utilizó el grupo focal y las entrevistas en profundidad. Se concluye que el sexting, la sextorsión y el grooming son las problemáticas de género más frecuentes que ha desencadenado el ciberacoso en la población estudiantil de básica secundaria, al menos en la Institución Educativa Betsabé Espinosa de la Ciudad de Barranquilla. Además, los resultados del presente estudio determinan que el ciberacoso afecta a las personas de forma integral, es decir, en su dimensión bio-psico-social.
Principales implicaciones políticas, ideológicas y epistemológicas de la teoría de la democracia de Giovanni Sartori
Authors: Márquez Ramírez Jesús Alberto
Published: June 2021

El politólogo italiano Giovanni Sartori (1924-2017) dedicó lo mejor de su vida académica al estudio de la democracia en su condición de ser un constructo epistémico multidimensional, que, por su complejidad, no puede ser agotado únicamente por lecturas históricas, politológicas o filosóficas asiladas, sino que amerita de aproximaciones interdisciplinarias como las que identifican a su obra. Desde una metodología propia de la hermenéutica de base documental, el objetivo de este artículo de investigación fue describir las principales implicaciones políticas, ideológicas y epistemológicas de la teoría decisional de la democracia de Sartori, de cara al debate politológico actual sobre las poliarquías contemporáneas. Entre los principales hallazgos y conclusiones de la investigación se destacan, por una parte, que la teoría democrática de Sartori significa una invitación para acceder al núcleo epistemológico profundo de la democracia y así poder revelar científicamente, en cada contexto particular, cuáles son sus principales desafíos y problemas. Por la otra, los aportes gnoseológicos de esta teoría pueden ser útiles en términos prácticos para dar respuestas lógicas a las crisis de las democracias contemporáneas en la Latinoamérica y el mundo.
SAVREMENA USLUŽNA PRAVILA I VLADAVINA PRAVA
Authors:   Faculty of Law in Podgorica, University of Montenegro, Miladinović Drobnič Snežana
Published: June 2021

In this research study, the author is dealing with the contemporary service rules in the light of the idea of the rule of law. The rule of law, as Kosta Čavoški says, is "a meta-legal idea of a valid legal order that, through detailed and permanent legal restrictions of state power, appropriate properties of law and reliable institutional guarantees, most ensures human security and freedom." In this paper, the author is dealing with the concept of the rule of law and the principles on which it is based, and then analyzes the principles on which modern service rules are based. We have paid special attention to the service rules contained in the Services Directive and the Draft Common Frame of Reference for Private Law.
INDIVIDUALNA KOMUNIKACIJA I AUTOMATIZOVANO PREGOVARANjE KOD ELEKTRONSKIH UGOVORA
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University “Goce Delčev” in Štip, Kambovski Igor
Published: June 2021

Electronic agreement means an agreement concluded at a distance electronically, using electronic means. However, electronic means are used not only to conclude a contract, but also to negotiate and agree on its content and elements or to effect its implementation and execution. Modern societies are based on an economic system that is mainly based on contracts. In the conditions of development of globalization and digital economy, industry and service activities are focused on the achievements and advantages provided by the information society. However, without trust in electronically concluded contracts, new economies will not be able to realize their full potential and will lag behind the opportunities offered by new technologies. Therefore, it remains either to increase confidence in the technical possibilities and validity of the electronic contract or to find a completely new concept for regulating the exchange of goods and services within the new digital era. In any case, it is easier and more acceptable to create technical solutions for the legal validity of E-contracts in order to redefine legal contractual mechanisms that have been operating successfully for decades and centuries.
IZUZIMANjE UGOVORA O ISTRAŽIVANjU I RAZVOJU OD PRAVNOG DEJSTVA KARTELNE ZABRANE
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University of Kragujevac, Šokinjov Stefan
Published: June 2021

Research and development are placed at the heart of the European strategy for achievement of sustainable growth within knowledge economy. At the same time, research and development agreements are restrictive agreements in the meaning of Antitrust law. Therefore regulators must find a balance between protection of competition and stimulation of technological progress. In this paper the Commission Regulation No 1217/2020 analyzed. It is the regulation on the application of Article 101(3) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union to certain categories of research and development agreements.
IMPACT OF FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN VESZPRÉM COUNTY AND THE BALATON REGION: A DIFFERENT APPROACH
Authors:   Faculty of Business Economics, Educons University, Serbia, Galetin Milena , Csizmadiáné Czuppon Viktória
Published: June 2021

The importance of foreign investment for both foreign investors and host states (i.e. the economic development of the country receiving capital) is without question. Among the motives for cross-border movement of capital are profit making, entering new markets and cheaper production1. In that sense foreign investments are suitable tools which allow companies to expand their cross-border operations and possibility to become key economic players, locally and globally. The authors deal with the impact of foreign investment on local companies/local producers in Veszprém County and the Balaton Region. The research aims to explore their attitude - advantages and obstacles they encounter due to the existence of foreign companies. There was a requirement to analyze investment disputes in which Hungary is a party, scrutinizing socio-legal aspects of foreign investment. This research consists of four parts. After the introduction, the results of the survey are shown in the second part and investment disputes in the third part. Although the survey was done just before the COVID 19 outbreak, in some parts of the paper it was necessary to address certain issues in this context. The combination of theoretical analysis and empirical research that is characteristic of social sciences is used. Finally, in the last part, concluding remarks along with recommendations are presented.
Levantamento da produção sobre Jogos Cooperativos no contexto da Educação Física brasileira (1990-2020)
Authors: Mezzaroba Cristiano , Santana Ítalo Aquilis Silva , Rodrigues Jackeline Cristina Santos , Lisboa Lucas Vinicius Araujo , Dos Santos Weverton Paulo , Zoboli Fabio
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar a produção brasileira do campo da Educação Física (EF) referente aos Jogos Cooperativos (JC). Como campo empírico se elegeu doze revistas de EF brasileiras que vão do estrato A1 ao B4. A busca nesses periódicos foi feita exclusivamente a partir do termo chave “jogos cooperativos”, seja no título, no resumo ou nas palavras-chaves. O recorte temporal adotado corresponde ao período de 1990-2020. Como resultado encontramos quatorze textos que versam sobre a temática dos JC. O tema aparece de forma recorrente, mas dispersa, com foco vinculado à EF escolar, discutindo e propondo possibilidades de uma pedagogia mais crítica e reflexiva, apontando a transformação de uma dimensão que priorize a cooperação e a solidariedade para contrapor o peso da competição nas práticas pedagógicas da EF. As produções que não enfocam a dimensão escolar vêem os JC como meio de promover saúde.
Vulnerabilidade Social, Fonoaudiologia e Autismo em meio a pandemia: uma abordagem conceitual e relacional
Authors: Belarmino Alícia Gabriele Freitas , De Andrade Laylla Carolline Ferreira , Alves Lívia Vitória Martins , Silva Lívia Lima do Nascimento , Diniz Sthefany Gonçalves , Do Rego Flávia Luiza Costa , Lima Ivonaldo Leidson Barbosa
Published: June 2021

A vulnerabilidade social ganha cada vez mais destaque em virtude do atual estado pandêmico vivenciado por conta do coronavírus. Essa condição também afeta diversas atividades, entre elas, a atuação fonoaudiológica junto a pacientes com Transtorno do espectro autista. Assim, a proposta deste artigo é criar um paralelo entre a vulnerabilidade social, autismo e as áreas de atividade da Fonoaudiologia, bem como estes se relacionam; proporcionar uma discussão acerca do encontro desses temas; e como cada elemento se encaixa um no outro de forma coerente. Traz também, uma reflexão das dificuldades em se trabalhar num contexto de desfavorecimento socioeconômico, condição essa, que se agrava com mais limitações econômicas causadas pela pandemia do Covid-19, e ainda mais num público com necessidades tão específicas, como as pessoas com TEA. Os contingenciamentos contribuem dificultando o acesso aos serviços da área da saúde (inclusive os fonoaudiológicos), em virtude da impossibilidade das famílias socialmente desfavorecidas arcarem com os custos do tratamento. Por fim, chega-se à conclusão de que mesmo sendo um tema de grande relevância, a escassez de bibliografia dificulta seu estudo, sugerindo, portanto, um maior aprofundamento dos profissionais da saúde e do cuidado nessa linha de pesquisa e atuação.
Competencia lingüística, competencia comunicativa, competencia (inter)cultural: algunas reflexiones
Authors: Fadda Sandra , Rezzónico María Graciela
Published: June 2021

Nuestro trabajo intenta abrir un espacio de reflexión y debate sobre la importancia de la enseñanza de la cultura en una carrera de lenguas a nivel superior. El trabajo se basa en los postulados teóricos del Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las Lenguas (2002) sobre las competencias generales y lingüísticas en el desarrollo de las competencias humanas; en Castel, Klett y Filippini (2012), y Paricio Tato (2014) sobre la necesidad de abordar la enseñanza de lenguas y cultura de un modo integral; y García Canclini (2004) sobre la importancia de socializarse en el aprendizaje de las diferencias, en el discurso y la práctica de los derechos humanos interculturales. Tanto para el documento del Consejo de Europa como para Paricio Tato y Castel, Klett y Filippini la integración de la cultura a la enseñanza de las lenguas contribuye al desarrollo de la competencia intercultural. Nuestra hipótesis es que la enseñanza de la cultura no sólo propicia el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa oral y escrita en todos sus niveles (morfológico, sintáctico, léxico y textual), sino también la capacidad de utilizar la lengua para la construcción de conocimientos y la formación crítico-reflexiva. De esta manera, se aprende a comprender y respetar la diversidad, al mismo tiempo que se reafirma la propia identidad. Finalmente, nuestras conclusiones apuntan a que el aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras en el marco de una perspectiva (inter)cultural constituye una experiencia de valor formativo que trasciende la etapa y el ámbito universitarios.
Hoshin Kanri and its Diffusion among Argentine SMEs
Authors: Morales Antonio Adrián Arciénaga , Villanueva Bárbara Magdalena , Alsina Héctor José Solá
Published: June 2021

The Hoshin Kanri is a strategic planning system that possesses the particular capability to solve the most typical problems of implementing such a plan, within organizations. Its Japanese origin has not been an obstacle for its adoption and implementation in firms and organizations of different origins, as this article shows. There still are many difficulties and few experiences for implementing it in SMEs, both in Argentina and at the international scale. The work's objective is to describe Hoshin's planning, providing evidence of its Argentine dissemination, and analyzing the feasibility of its implementation within domestic SMEs. Finally, some necessary conditions for implementing Hoshin are detailed, most of them of operative character, considering some of the specific features of this type of firm.
Reconstruction of Low-value Plantings as an Element of Sustainable Forest Management in the South of the Russian Far East
Authors: Komin Andrey Eduardovich , Usov Vladimir Nikolayevich
Published: June 2021

The article presents the research results of low-value oak plantations in which, in the first half of the 90s of the XX century, measures were taken to reconstruct these objects by forest plantation development created by planting Korean cedar seedlings in previously prepared corridors in the south of Primorsky Krai. The paper analyzed the variability of the main taxation characteristics of the created stands according to the following indicators: average height, average diameter, volume of growing stock as of 2021. The capacity for survival of plants in stands, diameter distribution were studied. According to the research results, it was found that the work performed on the reconstruction of oak forests of mixed origin, despite the admitted deviations from the reconstruction project, has led to positive results. To achieve the best results, it is necessary to adjust the rate of planting seedlings per hectare of the area. The optimal planting rate is 1-1.5 thousand of pcs/ha. It is advisable to increase the distance between plants in the planting row up to 1.5 -2.5 m. After reconstruction works, it is necessary to provide for forest tending in the plantations aimed at creating optimal conditions for the formation of valuable cedar-broad-leaved plantations. It is concluded that it is advisable to carry out the work on reconstruction of low-value plantations of coppice and mixed origin in the southern regions of the Russian Far East in order to achieve the goals of sustainable forest management of the region's forests, including the preservation of their biodiversity.
Coastal Depth Extraction from Satellites Images
Authors: Hashim Nur Syahirah , Tahar Khairul Nizam , Windupranata Wiwin , Sulaiman Saiful Aman Hj
Published: June 2021

The problems in bathymetry measurement often have gaps or ‘holes’ within the data. As a result, hydrographic surveyors often have sparse data, and even though the data is dense and equal distances, there is still a gap in time. This paper present coastal depth extraction from satellite images. The problem encountered during the bathymetry derivation process and the problem related to the space, distribution and quantity of the Single-beam echo sounder (SBES) data. Therefore, the idea of using spatial interpolation could be a suitable approach in solving the problems. This study intends to produce Satellite-Derived Bathymetry (SDB) from Landsat 8 images at Pantai Tok Jembal, Terengganu, Malaysia. The proposed method by first interpolating the SBES point in the calibration data using spatial predictors, i.e. Inverse Distance Weightage, Thin-Plate Spline, Spline with Tension, Universal Kriging, Natural Neighbor, and Topo to Raster. Second, the raster output created from the interpolation process then converts into the point shapefile. Third, intersect function use to eliminate the point whereby not in the domain. Finally, the newly generated SBES points in calibration data ready to apply at the SDB computation process, generating SDB. In continuation, a comparative analysis conducted between six SDB results generated using each different newly generated calibration data. The result indicates SDB utilizes with Universal Kriging-newly generated calibration data (RMSE: 0.718 m) was the best result. To summarise, this study has successfully attained the research objectives by utilizing the newly generated calibration data in generating SDB. The task of spatial interpolation recreates the SBES data from irregular space and short data to uniform space and long data, which facilitate in pixel to point value extraction and help refine the bathymetry derivation process. Furthermore, the proposed method suitable to be used when the data are not applicable or limited.