Features of cytokine production in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis during specific chemotherapy
Authors:   Kazan State Medical Academy, Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Alymenko M.A. ,   Synergy University, Moscow, Russia, Valiyev R.Sh. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy, Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Valiyev N.R. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy, Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Pozdeev O.K. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy, Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Balobanova N.P. ,   Synergy University, Moscow, Russia, Tursunova N.V. ,   Novosibirsk  Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Lipatov V.A. ,   Kursk State Medical University, Shepel R.N. ,   National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Polibin R.V. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Kolchanova N.E. ,   Gomel State Medical University, Sheenkov N.V. ,   The Gamaleya National  Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Polonikov A.V. ,   Kursk State Medical University, Mal G.S. ,   Kursk State Medical University, Kolomiets V.M. ,   Kursk State Medical University, Ragulina V.A. ,   Kursk State Medical University, Garbuzova I.E. ,   Synergy University, Moscow, Russia, Korsakova V.E. ,   Synergy University, Moscow, Russia, Safonov Ya.A. ,   Synergy University, Moscow, Russia, Batishchev A.V. ,   Synergy University, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Currently, immunological research is one of the priorities in the field of tuberculosis, since the effectiveness of treatment and, consequently, the outcome of the disease in most cases are determined by the immune and genetic characteristics of the macroorganism.
Aim. To study the dynamics of cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ) in patients with pulmonary disseminated tuberculosis (DST) and fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis (FCT) after 2 months of specific chemotherapy.
Materials and methods. The study group consisted of 100 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (DST – 48 people, FCT – 52 people) aged 40 to 69 years who received specific chemotherapy in the intensive phase. The concentration of cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ) was determined at baseline and after 2 months of chemotherapy, as well as the cytokine balance (IL-6 + IL-8/IL-4 + IL-10) at baseline and after 2 weeks of chemotherapy.
Results. After 2 months of chemotherapy, patients with DST showed a significant decrease in the level of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and the level of IL-8 tended to increase, however, this dynamic was not statistically significant; in patients with FCT, there was a significant decrease in the level of IFN-γ, IL-8, IL-6, as well as IL-4 – from 5.6 to 5.11 pg/ml, TNF-α – from 3.6 to 3.1 pg/ml, however, this trend was not statistically significant. The cytokine balance values tended to decrease: in patients with DST – from 7.7 to 7.48, and in patients with FCT – from 7.69 to 4.97.
Conclusion. The cytokine system plays an important role in the regulation of inflammatory processes in patients with DST and FCT of lungs.