bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chest CT Findings for IgG4-related Disease
Authors: Liu Ye , Nie Yongkang
Published: January 2024

Objective To investigate the multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) findings of chest involvement in IgG4-related diseases, and to improve doctors' understanding of this disease.
Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on the clinical and imaging data of 67 patients with clinically confirmed or suspected IgG4-related diseases.
Results: A total of 60 patients (89.60%) had abnormal chest CT. Among them, 47 patients (70.10%) had enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes. Thickening of the tracheal and tracheobronchial perivascular wall was found in 35 cases (52.20%). Nodules were found in 29 cases (43.30%). There was patch or ground-glass density in 15 cases (22.40%), bilateral enlarged axillary lymph nodes in 9 cases (13.40%), bilateral enlarged hilar lymph nodes in 3 cases (4.50%) and interstitial changes in 8 cases (11.90%). Pleural effusion occurred in 5 cases (7.46%, 2 cases of bilateral and 3 cases of unilateral), and pericardial effusion in 3 cases (4.50%). Seven cases (10.45%) showed no obvious abnormality. The abnormally elevated IgG4 (>135mg/dL) was positively correlated with the thickening of the tracheal and tracheobronchial wall (r = 0.328, p = 0.007) and the enlargement of mediastinal lymph nodes (r = -0.252, p = 0.039); Logistic regression model 1 showed that the incidence of lung as the first symptom was increased in patients with bilateral enlarged hilar lymph node on chest images (OR = 16. 000, 95% CI: 1.280-200.010).
Conclusion: The abnormal manifestations of chest lesions, especially lung involvement, on IgG4-RD were varied. Peribronchovascular involvement and lymph node enlargement are the most common manifestations. Chest CT examination is of great significance in the diagnosis and follow-up of IgG4-RLD.
Exergoeconomic based comparative analysis between NH3-NaSCN single effect absorption cycle, combined compression-absorption refrigeration and combined ejector-absorption refrigeration cycles powered by solar panel
Authors: Rabiei Reyhaneh , Borji Mehdi , Kazemi Admin
Published: January 2024

Solar cooling is environmentally friendly and relies on solar energy to meet cooling needs. In recent years, absorption chillers have gained interest as a sustainable alternative to vapor compression chillers using eco-friendly refrigerants. However, a major problem with simple absorption systems is their low coefficient of performance. As a result, researchers are exploring ways to improve their thermoeconomic efficiency. In this research, three different configurations of absorption cycles are compared and analyzed from exergetic and exergoeconomic points of view. These configurations include the simple absorption cycle, the combined ejector-absorption cycle, and the combined compression-absorption cycle, as well as a flat plate solar collector and a storage tank. Ammonia sodium thiocyanate is used as the working solution. In both combined cycles, the absorber operates at intermediate pressure, allowing three pressure levels to be considered. The simulations are carried out using EES software. The results show that the solar collector should be considered more than other components in terms of exergy and exergoeconomic. It is observed that for the same pressure ratio of ejector and compressor, the exergy efficiency of the ejector cycle is slightly higher than that of the compression cycle. Also, in most cases, the results show improved performance in the combined solar compression cycle by increasing the compressor pressure ratio compared to the other cycles. It has also been shown that increasing the pressure ratio of the ejector and compressor improves the exergoeconomic performance of the combined cycles compared to the simple absorption cycle.
Integrated geophysical methods for studying the karst system of Ravansar
Authors: Baghzendani Hamidreza , Aghajani Hamid , Karami Gholam Hossein
Published: January 2024

Karsts are important sources of water, and it is crucial to determine their water volume and quality. The Ravansar karst spring in Kermanshah province is a significant water resource with a substantial water volume in the area. The source of this spring is the carbonate rock unit from the Cretaceous period and is affected by tectonic changes and faulting caused by movements related to Zagros folding. In this study, geophysical methods of microgravity, electrical resistivity, and induced polarization have been utilized to identify the feeding sources of Ravansar spring and the extent of karst development in the limestone units. The microgravity method was employed to generate the residual gravity anomaly map of the area, as the decrease in density and increase in porosity resulted from karstification. The minimum residual gravity values are associated with caving and karstification. As a result, the gravity anomalies of the range were examined, and three-dimensional modeling was conducted on the gravity data. In this manner, we were able to identify not only cave-shaped voids and spacious cave chambers, but also sub-structures and micro-karstification in carbonate rocks. The most significant finding from the field survey is the detection of low gravimetric values, indicating relatively large holes and chambers that are previously unknown and inaccessible from ground level. These findings are consistent with known collapse and sediment infill features, as seen in surface sinkholes, cavities, and karstification systems.In addition to the gravimetric method, electrical resistivity and induced polarization surveys (IP & Res) were conducted to explore the subsurface geology in the chosen area. The purpose of this research was to visualize karst cavities and identify areas at risk of land subsidence due to cavity collapse. The field dataset comprised two electrical profiles acquired using a dipole-dipole electrode configuration. The resistivity data was inverted using a two-dimensional algorithm based on the least square’s technique with a smoothing constraint. Geophysical surveys and field surveys show that the holes and karsts in the area are related to tectonic phenomena and faulting and are conduits for transporting water to the Ravansar spring.
Defective thyroid hormone transport to the brain leads to astroglial alterations
Authors: Guillén-Yunta Marina , García-Aldea Ángel , Valcárcel-Hernández Víctor , Sanz-Bógalo Ainara , Muñoz-Moreno Emma , Matheus Maria Gisele , Grijota-Martínez Carmen , Bárez-López Soledad , Montero-Pedrazuela Ana , Guadaño-Ferraz Ana
Published: January 2024

Background: Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome (AHDS) is a rare X-linked disorder that causes severe neurological damage, for which there is no effective treatment. AHDS is due to inactivating mutations in the thyroid hormone transporter MCT8 that impair the entry of thyroid hormones into the brain, resulting in cerebral hypothyroidism. However, the pathophysiology of AHDS is still not fully understood and this is essential to develop therapeutic strategies. Based on evidence suggesting that thyroid hormone deficit leads to alterations in astroglial cells, including gliosis, in this work we have evaluated astroglial impairments in MCT8 deficiency.
Methods: We conducted magnetic resonance imaging on both control subjects and MCT8-deficient patients to examine changes in brain cytoarchitecture. Moreover, to gain further understanding on these alterations in brain cytoarchitecture and the astroglial population, we have performed histological and immunohistochemical approaches in autopsy brain samples from an 11-year-old and a 30th gestational week MCT8-deficient subjects in comparison to brain samples from control subjects at similar ages. Findings from MCT8-deficient subjects were validated and further explored in a mouse model of the AHDS.
Results: Magnetic resonance imaging showed changes indicative of alterations in brain cytoarchitecture in MCT8-deficient patients. Further studies confirmed changes in the astroglial population in MCT8 deficiency that arise early in brain development and persist at adult stages, revealing an abnormal distribution, density, and morphology of cortical astrocytes, compatible with an astrogliosis-like phenotype at adult stages.
Conclusions: We have identified astrocytes as potential novel therapeutic targets in AHDS. In addition, we propose ADC imaging as a tool to monitor the progression of neurological impairments and potential effects of treatments in MCT8 deficiency.
In-situ valve opening response of eastern oysters to estuarine conditions
Authors: Lavaud Romain , Archer Stephanie , Peyre Megan La , Campanino Finella , Casas Sandra , Peyre Jerome La
Published: January 2024

High-frequency recording of valve opening behavior (VOB) in bivalves is often used to detect changes in environmental conditions. Generally, though, focus is put on a single variable such as temperature or the presence of toxicants in the water. Description of routine VOB under non-stressful conditions is also important to interpret responses to environmental changes. Here we present the first detailed quantitative investigation of the in-situ VOB of eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) to environmental variables typically not considered stressful. The VOB of eight individuals was monitored for seven weeks in a Louisiana estuary. We examined the relationship between VOB metrics (inter-individual variability, the probability of an oyster being closed, and the rate of valve closure), and temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration, the rate of change in those environmental variables, and the rate of change in water depth. Relationships were analyzed through statistical models including rates of change over 0, 0.25, 1-, 6-, 12-, and 24-hours. All responses were best explained by the 12-hour time step model. The interaction between salinity and the rate of change of salinity had the most impact on inter-individual variability. Oysters closed faster at higher salinities and were more likely to be closed at lower chl-a concentrations. Significant interactions were found between many environmental variables, indicating the high level of complexity of oyster behavior in the natural environment. This study contributes to the better understanding of the impact of environmental conditions on oyster behavior and can help inform predictive tools for restoration initiatives and fisheries practices.
Using modified descriptive analysis and instrumental measurements to assess the impact of grape smoke exposure on the wine matrix of different red wine varietals in California
Authors: Lim Lik Xian , Medina-Plaza Cristina , Arías-Perez Ignacio , Wen Yan , Neupane Bishnu , Lerno Larry , Guinard Jean-Xavier , Oberholster Anita
Published: January 2024

This study is an investigation of the impact of volatile phenols (VPs) released from burning wood during wildfires on grape composition and the resulting wines. Baseline levels of VPs in grapes and sensory differences between smoke-impacted wines and non-smoke-impacted wines were determined, and related to different levels of smoke taint marker compounds in different wine matrices, using modified descriptive analysis (DA), multivariate statistics, gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (LC-QqQ-MS) of the free and total VPs, and individual bound glycosides, respectively. Across two DA panels, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Petite Verdot, Merlot, Syrah, Malbec, and Zinfandel spread across California were evaluated. The results show sensory differences between highly smoke-impacted and non-impacted wines with wines made from highly smoke-impacted grapes characterized as smoky, barbeque, medicinal, and having a retro-nasal ashtray character. Low smoke-impact wines based on free and total VP concentrations were not significantly different from the non-impacted wines when rated through descriptive analysis. The amount of smoke exposure was the largest contributor to smoke impact, but the different wine matrices from different locations and varietals also played an important role in determining the level of perceived smoke taint. The results of this study will contribute to our understanding of smoke taint and how it impacts wine quality by relating smoke marker indicator compounds to wine sensory attributes.
Interruptible Demyelination in Avian Riboflavin Deficient Neuropathy
Authors: Cai Zhao
Published: January 2024

Background and aims: The evolution of demyelination in individual internodes remains unclear although it has been noticed the paranodal demyelination precedes internodal demyelination in neuropathies with diverse aetiologies. For therapeutic purpose, it is fundamental to know whether the demyelinating procedure in affected internodes can be interrupted. This study aimed to delineate the development of demyelination in individual internodes in avian riboflavin deficient neuropathy.
Methods: Newborn broiler meat chickens were maintained either on a routine diet containing 5.0 mg/kg riboflavin, a riboflavin deficient diet containing 1.8 mg/kg riboflavin, or initially a riboflavin deficient diet for 11 days and then routine diet plus riboflavin repletion from day 12. Evolution of demyelination in individual internodes was analyzed by teased nerve fibre studies from day 11 to 21.
Results: In riboflavin deficient chickens, demyelination was the predominant feature: it was mainly confined to the paranodal region at day 11; extended into internodal region, but less than half of the internodal length in most affected internodes at day 16; involved more than half or whole internode at day 21. In the internode undergoing demyelination, myelin degeneration of varying degrees was noticed in the cytoplasm of the Schwann cell wrapping the internode. Two days after riboflavin repletion, co-existence of remyelination and active demyelination within individual internodes was noticed. Remyelination together with preserved short original internodes was the characteristic feature 4 and 9 days after riboflavin repletion.
Conclusion: Riboflavin repletion interrupts the progression from paranodal to internodal demyelination in riboflavin deficient chickens and promotes remyelination before complete internodal demyelination.
Genotype-specific expression of selected candidate genes conferring resistance to leaf rust of rye (Secale cereale L.)
Authors: Azad Rumana , Krępski Tomasz , Olechowski Mateusz , Biernacik Bartosz , Święcicka Magdalena , Matuszkiewicz Mateusz , Dmochowska-Boguta Marta , Rakoczy-Trojanowska Monika
Published: January 2024

Leaf rust (LR) caused by Puccinia recondita f. sp. secalis (Prs) is a highly destructive disease in rye. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying the rye immune response to this disease remain relatively uncharacterised. In this study, we analysed the expression of four genes in 12 rye inbred lines inoculated with a Prs at 20 and 36 h post-treatment (hpt): DXS (1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase), Glu (beta-1,3-glucanase), GT (UDP-glycosyltransferase) and PR-1 (pathogenesis-related protein 1). The RT-qPCR analysis revealed the up-regulated expression of the four genes in response to Prs in all inbred lines and at both time-points. The gene expression data were supported by the microscopic and macroscopic examination, which revealed that eight lines were susceptible to LR, and four lines were highly resistant to LR. A relationship between the infection profiles and the expression of the analysed genes was observed: in the resistant lines, the expression level fold-changes were usually higher at 20 hpt than at 36 hpt, while the opposite trend was observed in the susceptible lines. The study results indicate that DXS, Glu, GT and PR-1 may encode proteins crucial for the rye defence response to the LR pathogen.
MiR-200c inhibits the expression of zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) to suppress bladder cancer cell migration and invasion
Authors: Xing Fei , Hu Chunhai , Cao Tingshuai , He Li , Guo Feng
Published: January 2024

MiR-200c functions to modulate cell growth and differentiation and alters the miR-200c expression related to cancer development and metastasis. This study evaluated the role of miR-200c in bladder cancer cells and the underlying molecular events.
Methods:Quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine miR-200c expression in bladder cancer cell lines. Gene transfection was performed to stably restore miR-200c expression or silence miR-200c expression, and the cells were then subjected to cell viability, transwell migration and invasion, and luciferase assays.
Results:The miR-200c level was significantly downregulated in bladder cancer cells, whereas the restoration of miR-200c expression suppressed tumor cell migration and invasion capacity. Antagonizing miR-200c drastically acceleratedtumor cellinvasion, migration capacity. At the gene level, miR-200c targeted zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1( ZEB1) expression, which resulted in a concomitant increase in E-cadherin levels.
Conclusion The data from the current study demonstrated that miR-200c targeted the expression of the cell migration and invasion regulator ZEB1 and that the over-expression of miR-200c suppressed bladder cancer cell migration and invasion ability, indicating that miR-200c possesses an anti-tumor progression function in bladder cancer.
Evaluating the impact of male circumcision on HIV risk among men in Zambia: An Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting for Causal Inference study
Authors: Mwakazanga David Kasanga , Daka Victor , Silavwa Hilda Nyambe , Mfune Ruth Lindizyani , Gwasupika Jonathan , Kateule Ernest , Khondowe Shepherd , Mutale Lwito Salifyanji , Mulenga David , Chipimo Peter , Chongwe Gershom , Sinkala Musalula
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: Zambia rolled out Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision as a strategy for preventing new HIV infections in 2007. However, there is limited data on the intervention's impact. This study estimated the causal impact of male circumcision on the risk of HIV infection among males in Zambia.
METHODS: The study applied Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting on data from the cross-sectional designed 2018 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey, to estimate the causal impact of male circumcision on the risk of HIV infection among circumcised men.
RESULTS: Cases of HIV infections were observed in 964 (8.3%) of the total (n = 11611) candidates included in the analysis. The causal impact of male circumcision on the risk of HIV infection among men in Zambia who had undergone the procedure, was a slight reduction of 1.7% (aOR= 0.983; 95% CI= [0.969, 0.997], p= 0.0156). The men exhibited risky sexual behaviour patterns; with only 11.3% (1665/11611) consistently using condoms, 12.7% (1,479/11,611) reporting a sexual debut age over 20 years, and nearly 15% (14.7%; 1712/11611) having two or more sexual partners. Reports of sexually transmitted infections were present, with a higher (p value <0.001) incidence among men who had undergone circumcision compared to those who had not (4.3% [154/3614] vs. 3.5% [279/7997]).
CONCLUSION: The causal impact of male circumcision on HIV infections among men in Zambia is low. Risky sexual behaviours were observed, and circumcised men exhibited a higher incidence of sexually transmitted infections compared to their uncircumcised counterparts. This implies the presence of sexual behaviour risk compensation among circumcised men.
The Impact of Monetary Policy Rates on the Prices of Indian Stocks: Emphasis on Banks’ Nifty Index in Particular.
Authors: Belavadi Nikhil
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the relationship between monetary policy rates and stock prices in India, with a particular focus on the Bank Nifty Index. Monetary policy plays a crucial role in shaping economic conditions, and its impact on stock prices has been a topic of interest for both researchers and market participants. The Bank Nifty index, which consists of major banking stocks, provides valuable insights into financial sector performance. The study employs a comprehensive dataset covering relevant monetary policy rates, such as the repo rate, reverse repo rate, cash reserve ratio, statutory liquidity ratio, marginal standing facility and bank rate, alongside historical Bank Nifty index data. Statistical and econometric methods are utilized to analyse the data and ascertain potential causal links and correlations between monetary policy changes and stock price movements. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamic interactions between monetary policy and stock market behaviour, particularly within the banking sector. Additionally, insights derived from this research can aid investors, policymakers and financial institutions in making informed decisions, managing risks and optimizing portfolio strategies.
Dynamic control of active droplets using light-responsive chiral liquid crystal environment
Authors: Lavrentovich Oleg , Jiron Vanessa , Rajabi Mojtaba , Wang Hao
Published: January 2024

Microscopic active droplets are of interest since they can be used to transport matter from one point to another. The challenge is to control the trajectory. In this work, we demonstrate an approach to control the direction of active droplet propulsion by a photoresponsive cholesteric liquid crystal environment. The active droplet represents a water dispersion of bacterial B. subtilis microswimmers. When placed in a cholesteric, a surfactant-stabilized active droplet distorts the local director field, producing a point defect-hedgehog, which breaks the fore-aft symmetry. The chaotic motion of the bacteria inside the droplet is rectified into directional motion by the asymmetric director field outside the droplet. When the pitch of the cholesteric is altered by visible light irradiation, the asymmetry axis and thus the droplet trajectory realign along a new direction. Droplets realign counterclockwise on exposure to light of 535 nm, and clockwise on exposure to light of 450 nm, as dictated by the photoinduced change in the handedness of the cholesteric. The strategy allows for a non-contact dynamic control of active droplets trajectories and demonstrates the advantage of orientationally ordered media in control of active matter over their isotropic counterparts.
Prognostic feature based on androgen-responsive genes in bladder cancer and screening for potential targeted drugs
Authors: Zhao Jiang , Zhang Qian , Zhu Cunle , Yuqi Wu , Zhang Guohui , Wang Qianliang , Dong Xingyou , Li Benyi , Wang Xiangwei
Published: January 2024

Objectives
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is a tumor that affects men more than women. The biological function and prognostic value of androgen-responsive genes (ARGs) in BLCA are currently unknown. To address this, we established an androgen signature to determine the prognosis of BLCA.
Methods
Sequencing data for BLCA from the TCGA and GEO datasets were used for research. The tumor microenvironment (TME) was measured using Cibersort and ssGSEA. Prognosis-related genes were identified and a risk score model was constructed using univariate Cox regression, LASSO regression, and multivariate Cox regression. Drug sensitivity analysis was performed using Genomics of drug sensitivity in cancer (GDSC). Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to assess the expression of representative genes in clinical samples.
Results
ARGs (especially the CDK6, FADS1, PGM3, SCD, PTK2B, and TPD52) might regulate the progression of BLCA. The different expression patterns of ARGs lead to different immune cell infiltration. The risk model indicates that patients with higher risk scores have a poorer prognosis, more stromal infiltration, and an enrichment of biological functions. Single-cell RNA analysis, bulk RNA data, and PCR analysis proved the reliability of this risk model, and a nomogram was also established for clinical use. Drug prediction analysis showed that high-risk patients had a better response to fludarabine, AZD8186, and carmustine.
Conclusion
ARGs played an important role in the progression, immune infiltration, and prognosis of BLCA. The ARGs model has high accuracy in predicting the prognosis of BLCA patients and provides more effective medication guidelines.
Mini-cholecystectomy, a standard of care and training standard in limited resource health facilities, an example from Sudan
Authors: Elnaim Abdel Latif Khalifa , Ibnouf Mohammed M A Mohammed
Published: January 2024

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard treatment for gallstones disease. In limited resources hospitals in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) it had been under investigation; likewise, mini-cholecystectomy (MC) was not defined. This study arouses adaptation to reality.
Objectives: To demonstrate the experience of surgical training in a limited resources health facility, to assess the trainer selection of cases for training and supervision in, and to compare the trainer vs. trainee duration in early outcomes.
Methods: descriptive, prospective study done in Kassala state- Sudan, from January 2015 through December 2017. Data were collected prospectively from the patient records with direct observation of the outcome over the two-year period and fed to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Inc. Significant levels were taken for P ≥ 0.05 and 95% confidence interval values.
Results: Total number of cases: 600 patients. Consultants are two; trainee registrars are eight, with a ratio of 1:4. Consultants have operated on 58% versus registrars 42%. The mean hospital stay for the patients was 2.9 days (±0.9 SD). The standard percentage of operations by the registrars has increased to 46% in the shortest hospital stay (2 days) and 61% at four days, but less than 42% in three- and five-days duration (P value = 0.0001).
Conclusion: In large volume hospitals, training on mini-cholecystectomy was safe and acceptable standard of care in limited resources hospitals.
Application and comparative analysis of Intelligent Monitoring Technology for Grouted Pile Construction based on Abaqus
Authors: Wu Rong , Jang Yangyang , Zhao Shunzhi , Chen Min , Shang Shiqiang , Lang Xuedong
Published: January 2024

In order to realize the intelligent monitoring of the high-precision positioning of the hole position and the real-time control of the verticality of the pile, an intelligent monitoring system was developed based on the combination positioning technology of BDS and UWB and the biaxial tilt sensor, and the numerical simulation and comparative analysis of the verticality of the pile were carried out by abaqus. The deviation of pile foundation in different directions and the deviation of pile body are controlled by the monitoring system, and abnormal warning is made when the deviation exceeds the permissible range.Through the application of intelligent monitoring system in the pile foundation engineering area of Changshui Airport, it is found that the plane offset and perpendicularity of all piles meet the standard requirements and the construction error is controlled at a small value. The results show that the application of intelligent inspection system can not only ensure the construction quality of pile foundation, but also meet and improve the level of digitization and information technology of smart construction site.
A Comprehensive Multivariate Wind Speed Forecasting Model Utilizing Deep Learning Neural Networks
Authors: Wei Donglai , Tian Zhongda
Published: January 2024

Wind speed is influenced by various factors, necessitating the consideration of interactions between multiple meteorological elements in multivariate wind speed prediction. This paper proposes a multivariate combinatorial model based on a deep learning neural network, which incorporates not only historical wind speed data but also relevant meteorological features. Initially, the feature extraction of meteorological features. related to wind speed is first performed using an autoencoder (AE) and singular value decomposition (SVD). Subsequently, the complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition and wavelet transform (CEWT) method is utilized to mitigate noise in the wind speed series. Finally, this paper utilize a gated recurrent unit (GRU) deep learning neural network for predicting the wind speed series. The optimization of the GRU’s 4 hyperparameters is accomplished through the implementation of the improved gray wolf algorithm (IGWO). This paper evaluates and validates the predictive performance of the model using two datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms other models across 4 key performance indicators.
Case report: An adult case of Poretti-Boltshauser syndrome diagnosed by medical checkup.
Authors: Ikeda Kensuke , Tamagake Ayane , Kubota Takafumi , Izumi Rumiko , Yamaguchi Tatsuo , Yanagi Kumiko , Misu Tatsuro , Aoki Yoko , Kaname Tadashi , Aoki Masashi
Published: January 2024

Objectives
This report describes an adult-onset case of Poretti–Boltshauser syndrome (PTBHS) and with novel variants of LAMA1.
Methods
A 65-year-old Japanese woman with cerebellar malformation identified during a medical checkup was referred to our hospital. Subsequently, neurological examination, brain imaging, and genetic investigation via whole-exome sequencing were performed.
Results
The patient presented with mild cerebellar ataxia and intellectual disability. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed cerebellar dysplasia and cysts and an absence of molar tooth sign. Genetic analysis revealed a novel homozygous variant of c.1711_1712del in LAMA1 (NM_005559.4).
Discussion
Most cases with PTBHS are reported in pediatric patients; however, our patient expressed a mild phenotype and was undiagnosed until her 60s. These findings suggest that PTBHS should be considered in not only pediatric cerebellar dysplasia but also adult-onset cerebellar ataxia with mild presentation.
Chinese Foreign Direct Investment Outflows and Host Country Economic Growth
Authors: Caporin Massimiliano , Cooray Arusha , Kuziboev Bekhzod , Liu Jie
Published: January 2024

We examine how outward Chinese Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows affect the economic growth of 41 host nations over the 2005 to 2021 period. We also investigate the indirect effects of outward Chinese FDI flows on the economic growth of these countries through the government effectiveness and human capital channels. The empirical results reveal that Chinese FDI has significant positive impacts on host country economic growth. Significant threshold effects, however, are detected on the indirect impacts of FDI flows on host countries through the government effectiveness and human capital channels. The results suggest that when government effectiveness and human capital in host countries exceed a certain threshold, that Chinese FDI does not necessarily lead to economic growth in the group of countries under study.
Reduced-toxicity conditioning regimen with low dose post-transplantation cyclophosphamide and low-dose anti-thymocyte globulin as graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis for haploidentical stem cell transplantation in older patients
Authors: Ye Peipei , Wu Mengjie , Cao Junjie , Pei Renzhi , Yuan Jiaojiao , Zhuang Haihui , Fang Ying , Lu Ying
Published: January 2024

Reduced-toxicity conditioning (RIC) regimens are used for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in older patients. However, successful outcomes are still hindered by graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), treatment-related mortality (TRM) and relapse, especially in the setting of haploidentical donor (HID) hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a RIC conditioning regimen that included a combination of lower doses of post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) (40 mg/kg on day +3) and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) (7.5 mg/kg) as GVHD prophylaxis, followed by haplo stem cell transplantation (SCT) in older patients.
Method: We retrospectively analyzed 55 patients ≥ 55 years of age with hematologic malignancies treated with fludarabine, Cytarabine, busulfan, and low dose cyclophosphamide as the conditioning regimen between January 1, 2019 and
November 30, 2023.
Results: Neutrophil engraftment was successful in all the patients within 28 days, with 54 (98.2%) patients achieving complete donor chimerism. The cumulative incidence of non-relapse mortality was 0 at 30 days, 7.5% at 100 days and 19% at 1-year. The cumulative incidence of grade II-IV aGVHD was 25% (95%CI,15%−38%), while grade III-IV aGVHD was 9.1% (95%CI,3.3%−19%). The cumulative incidence of extensive cGVHD at 1 year was 3.6% (95%CI,0.66%-11%). The cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), overall survival (OS) and GVHD-free/relapse-free survival (GRFS) at 1-year were 9.0%, 71.6%, and 67.1%, respectively.
Conclusions: These results suggested that a RIC conditioning regimen including a combination of lower PTCy/ATG as GVHD prophylaxis, followed by haplo-SCTmight be a promising option for appropriately selected older patients.
Optimised Pairwise Aircraft Separation Minima Applying Plate Lines
Authors: Koloschin André , Vechtel Dennis , Holzäpfel Frank , Rotshteyn Grigory
Published: January 2024

An analysis of the potential aircraft separation benefits that could be enabled by the installation of wake vortex decay enhancing Plate Lines has been performed. Because Plate Lines are only effective close to the ground, a special focus was on the analysis of the results when applying the reduced separations out of ground effect as well. It has been shown that substantial separation benefits can be enabled by the installation of Plate Lines without compromising safety in ground effect and out of ground effect.
The prognostic significance of hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign in cardioembolic stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy:a multicenter observational clinical study
Authors: Liu Xianghong , Zhang Fang , Luo Wenfeng , Zeng Hongliang , Li Bin , Guo Junqing , Zhang Cong , Ji Zhong , Zeng Guoyong
Published: January 2024

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between the presence of the hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign (HMCAS) on pre-treatment non-contrast CT (NCCT) scans and the subsequent occurrence of poor functional outcomes and hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO) attributed to cardioembolic etiology, following mechanical thrombectomy (MT).
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis using patient data from the multicenter clinical trial known as MONFIS-ET, focusing on individuals with cardioembolic (CE) and large-artery atherosclerotic (LAA) occlusive strokes. Patients were categorized into four groups based on the presence of HMCAS and the underlying stroke etiology. We compared the 90-day modified Rankin score (mRS) and the incidence of HT between those with HMCAS and those without it, stratified by etiology.
Results: A total of 269 patients were included in the study, of which 85 (31.6%) exhibited HMCAS on NCCT scans. Patients without HMCAS demonstrated more favorable clinical outcomes compared to those with HMCAS (56.0% vs. 41.2%, p=0.024). Specifically, patients with HMCAS associated with cardioembolism (CE) had a less favorable outcome (20% vs. 46.7%, p=0.013) and a higher incidence of HT (65.7% vs. 33.3%, p=0.004). Conversely, there was no significant difference in prognosis between patients with HMCAS and those without it in the context of large artery atherosclerosis (58.2% vs. 57.7%, p=0.959). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the HMCAS independently predicted poor prognosis in patients who underwent MT due to CE (OR: 4.054, 95% CI: 1.161-14.159, p=0.028).
Conclusion: In patients with AIS-LVO attributed to cardioembolic etiology who underwent MT, the presence of HMCAS on initial NCCT scans was found to be associated with an unfavorable outcome and a higher incidence of HT.
Clinical Trial Registration: ChiCTR 2300074368(retrospectively registered).
Fine-mappingg and validation of the major quantitative trait locus QFlANG‑4B for flag leaf angle in wheat
Authors: Zhang Wenjia , Chen Xinyi , Yang Kai , Chang Siyuan , Zhang Xue , Liu Mingde , Wu Longfei , Xin Mingming , Hu Zhaorong , Liu Jie , Peng Huiru , Ni Zhongfu , Sun Qixin , Yao Yingyin , Du Jinkun
Published: January 2024

Flag leaf angle (FLANG) is closely related to crop architecture and yield. We previously identified the quantitative trait locus (QTL) QFLANG-4B for FLANG on chromosome 4B, located within a 14-cM interval flanked by the markers Xbarc20 and Xzyh357, using a mapping population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between Nongda3331 (ND3331) and Zang1817. In this study, we fine-mapped QFLANG-4B and validated its associated genetic effect. We developed a BC3F3 population using ND3331 as the recurrent parent through marker-assisted selection, as well as near-isogenic lines (NILs) by selfing BC3F3 plants carrying different heterozygous segments for the QFLANG-4B region. We obtained eight recombinant types for QFLANG-4B, narrowing its location down to a 5.3-Mb region. This region contained 76 predicted genes, 7 of which we considered to be likely candidate genes for QFLANG-4B. Marker and phenotypic analyses of individual plants from the secondary mapping populations and their progeny revealed that the FLANG of the ND3331 allele is significantly higher than that of the Zang1817 allele in multiple environments. These results not only provide a basis for the map-based cloning of QFLANG-4B, but also indicate that QFLANG-4B has great potential for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding programs designed to improve plant architecture and yield.
Periodontal status and risk factors in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Costa Rosana , Ríos-Carrasco Blanca , López-Jarana Paula , Cabral Cristina , Cunha Filipe , Gonçalves Maria , Relvas Marta
Published: January 2024

Objective: Conduct a cross-sectional study to investigate the periodontal conditions and oral health behaviours among adult subjects with type one diabetes mellitus and compare them with those of a group of age- and gender-matched without diabetes. Furthermore, we also intend to evaluate the potential indicators of the risk for the development of periodontal disease.
Methods: The evaluation was undertaken with patients with diabetes (n=70) from a patients’ cohort of the the Hospitalar Center of Tâmega e Sousa and subjects without diabetes (n=69).
Results: The prevalence of periodontal disease showed significant differences between groups. Gingivitis reached a prevalence of 37.1% in patients with type one diabetes mellitus and periodontitis 55.7%. These systemically compromised patients exhibited a higher prevalence of Plaque Index, Bleeding on Probing and Periodontal Probing Depth and a reduced number of teeth when compared to the control group. The stage II was the most prevalent in the diabetes population, followed by the stage IV and most of diabetes subjects presented grade C progression.
Conclusions: There is a higher prevalence of periodontal disease in type one diabetes mellitus individuals when compared to the controls. Age, Bleeding on Probing and number of cigarettes per day are associated with higher risk of periodontal disease in type one diabetes mellitus patients.
Clinical Relevance: Our study provides evidence about the prevalence of periodontal disease among type 1 diabetes mellitus and creates awareness regarding the factors that potentially contribute to worsening periodontal tissues. Furthermore, informing diabetic patients about the importance of early diagnosis and prevention of periodontal disease and the importance of reducing/quitting smoking.
Decision Support for CBRN Avoid and Protect Missions
Authors: Nemeth Christopher , Sedehi Javad , Rule Gregory , DiPietrantonio Josef , Laufersweiler Dawn , Keeney Natalie , Clark Rob
Published: January 2024

Modern Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear (CBRN) operations require a significant reduction in the time between decision making and decision execution. This calls for effective decision support to improve situational awareness (SA) at the lowest practical echelon. Applied Research Associates, Inc. conducted a 22-month project to research Avoidance and Protection, the CBRN phase with greatest uncertainty and cognitive work demands, to determine how the Android Tactical Assault Kit (ATAK) could best support operator procedures and decision making. We confirmed U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) CBRN doctrine, created battalion commander, medical officer, CBRN specialist, and Soldier or Marine use cases, developed a concept video around existing CBRN passive defense workflows and tasking, then reviewed the concept with CBRN specialists returning from deployment as well as Integrated Early Warning and CBRN Support to Command-and-Control developers. Resulting improvement to decision support can more effectively sustain the operator’s observe, orient, decide, and act (OODA) loop while minimizing cognitive load.
AMH regulates ovarian granulosa cell growth in PCOS rats through SMAD4
Authors: Dong Anqi , Liu Lili , Zhang Yun , Liu Fanglin , Chang Xin , Zheng Jindan
Published: January 2024

Background Polycystic Povary syndrome(PCOS) is a diverse condition with an unknown cause. Anti-Mullerian hormone(AMH) is a hormone that belongs to the transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) class. Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4(SMAD4) is a crucial transcription factor widely expressed in granulosa cells in the TGF-β signaling pathway. Previous studies have revealed that AMH may be an important factor in follicular developmental disorders in PCOS patients , as a biomarker of PCOS.
Objective This study examines the involvement of AMH in the formation of ovulatory abnormalities in PCOS rats and explores its potential causes.
Methods A PCOS rat model was created by inducing DHEA, and granulosa cells from the ovaries were extracted and identified. The expression of AMH and SMAD4 in PCOS rats was assessed by ELISA, immu-nohistochemistry, and Western blot; and the effects of different concentrations of AMH recombinant proteins on the expression of SMAD4 and the development of granulosa cells were examined. The effect of knocking down SMAD4 expression with siRNA on granulosa cell development was also examined.
Results The expression of AMH and SMAD4 in the ovarian tissues and granulosa cells in the PCOS group was higher (*P<0.05). The expression of PCNA in the ovarian granulosa cells of the PCOS group was lower (**P<0.01), and the expression of BAX was higher (*P<0.05). Western blot analysis indicated that 100 ng/ml rAMH increased the expression of SMAD4 and caspase-3 in granulosa cells (*P<0.05), and decreased CyclinA and BCL-2 expression (**P<0.01). CCK-8 and flow cytometry results showed that 100 ng/ml AMH reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis in granulosa cells (***P<0.001,*P<0.05). siRNA knockdown of the SMAD4 gene led to increased PCNA expression (**P<0.01) and decreased BAX expression (*P<0.05) in granulosa cells of PCOS rats.
Conclusions AMH plays a role in controlling the growth and programmed cell death of ovarian granulosa cells in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome through SMAD4.
Knowledge, attitude and practice toward myopia among parents of primary school students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tian Yujing , Yu Yingqing
Published: January 2024

Background
To investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward myopia among parents of primary school students.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted among parents of primary school students by a self-administered questionnaire between October 2022 and November 2022.
Results
A total of 552 participants were collected, and the mean scores for knowledge, attitude, and practice were 8.38 ± 2.29, 25.01 ± 2.79, and 26.37 ± 3.96, respectively. Having a junior college or bachelor’s degree, master’s degree or above, monthly household income per person of 10,000–20,000 yuan, being nearsighted, having a nearsighted child, and having two children were independently associated with knowledge scores. Knowledge scores, being female, monthly household income per person of 10,000–20,000 yuan and over 20,000 yuan, being nearsighted, and being 33–44 years old were independently associated with attitude scores. Attitude scores and having a child in the fourth grade were independently associated with practice scores.
Conclusions
Parents of primary school students had inadequate knowledge, positive attitude, and proactive practice regarding myopia. Health education programs targeting parents with lower education and income levels are needed to improve their knowledge and promote a positive attitude toward myopia.
The effect of chlorophyllin, a glutathione transferase P1‐1 inhibitor, on triple-negative breast cancer invasion and metastasis in vivo/in vitro
Authors: burus ayse , Ozcan Mehmet , Canpinar Hande , Bozdemir Ozlem , Zeybek Naciye Dilara , Bayazit Yasemin
Published: January 2024

The expression of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) enzyme increases in cancer cells, leading to anticancer drug resistance. The antioxidant chlorophyllin has an inhibitory effect on GSTP1. In this study, we investigated the effects of chlorophyllin and its combined administration with the chemotherapeutic agent docetaxel on metastatic processes. For this purpose, both the 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer cell line and metastatic animal model were used. The MTT, flow cytometry, and wound healing assays were used to investigate cell viability, cell cycle, and cell migration, respectively. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). Total gelatinase activity, GST activity, and glutathione levels in cell and liver tissue lysates measured by colorimetric methods. Micrometastases were evaluated in liver tissue sections histochemically. As a result, the coadministration of chlorophyllin and docetaxel inhibited cell migration in vitro. The single administration of chlorophyllin reduced the MMP-9 expression in vivo, and this effect was higher when it was coadministered with docetaxel. In coadministration, there was also a significant decrease in the total gelatinase activity in vivo. Finally, we found that only combined treatment reduced the micrometastatic lesions in the liver tissues. In conclusion, the coadministration of chlorophyllin and docetaxel may have a potential role in the control of metastatic processes by suppressing cell migration, invasion, and micrometastasis formation in triple-negative breast cancers.