bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Impact of Irrigation Efficiency Projects on Return Flows in the South-Eastern Murray–Darling Basin, Australia
Authors: Walker Glen R. , Horne Avril C. , Wang Quan J. , Rendell Rob
Published: May 2021

Improving irrigation efficiency (IE) is an approach used globally to help meet competing demands for water and facilitate reallocation of water between sectors. In the Murray–Darling Basin in Australia, the Australian government has invested heavily in IE projects to recover water for the environment. However, this approach has been seriously questioned, out of concerns that improved IE would reduce irrigation return flows to rivers and therefore offset water recovery. In this study, we use a water balance model to assess the impact of the IE projects on return flows and highlight sensitivities and uncertainties. The model enables the impact on return flows to be assessed on specific IE projects and regional characteristics. Overall, reductions in return flows are estimated to be less than 20% of the total proposed IE savings. The history of IE in the southern MDB has meant that most of the current reductions are in ground return flows. Our estimate is much lower than two previous studies, mainly due to different assumptions being used on groundwater connectivity between irrigation areas and major streams. While the IE projects significantly reduce seepage to groundwater (with off-farm and on-farm projects reducing seepage by 19% and 53% of total savings respectively), not all seepage reductions will translate to a reduction in ground return flows to rivers. A lower estimate is consistent with existing monitoring and groundwater modeling studies. In this paper, the study results are discussed in a broader context of impacts of IE projects on volumes and salinity of streams and groundwater resources.
Strengths and Weaknesses of Different Italian Fish Indices under the Water Framework Directive Guidelines
Authors: Pagani Samuele , Voccia Andrea , Leonardi Stefano , Moschini Lorenzo , Rontani Pietro M. , Piccoli Federica , Nonnis Marzano Francesco
Published: May 2021

The ISECI (or F index) has been the first fish index to be recommended by the Italian Ministry of the Environment to assess the rivers ecological status with regard to fish communities, in accordance with the Water Framework Directive 2000/60 EC. In addition to ISECI, other fish indices have been developed such as the Forneris Ichthyic Index (I.I.) and a revised version of ISECI, the so-called NISECI. The latter is nowadays the reference Italian index in the framework of the Water Framework Directive. In this work, we analyzed 30 sampling sites along 18 watercourses in Northern Italy and computed the results of fish monitoring to evaluate the strength of ISECI and NISECI, as well as to assess weak points limiting their application. We detected several issues that undermine the ISECI effectiveness. The weakest point regarded the mismatch between the expected reference fish community and the sampled ones, which decreased the overall algorithm efficiency in the evaluation process. On the other hand, the results confirm the improvements introduced by NISECI. Although with some advancement, all three proposed indices revealed their weaknesses in the overall assessment of the ecological status of the water course, as also highlighted by a pioneering comparison with three expert-based blind judgements.
Analytical Formula for the Mean Velocity Profile in a Pipe Derived on the Basis of a Spatial Polynomial Vorticity Distribution
Authors: Štigler Jaroslav
Published: May 2021

The derivation of the mean velocity profile for a given vorticity distribution over the pipe cross-section is presented in this paper1. The velocity profile and the vorticity distribution are axisymmetric, which means that the radius is the only variable. The importance of the vortex field for the flow analysis is discussed in the paper. The polynomial function with four free parameters is chosen for the vorticity distribution. Free parameters of this function are determined using boundary conditions. There are also two free exponents in the polynomial. These exponents are determined based on the comparison of this analytical formula with experimental data. Experimental data are taken from the Princeton superpipe data which consist of 26 velocity profiles for a wide range of Reynolds numbers (Re). This analytical formula for the mean velocity profile is more precise than the previous one and it is possible to use it for the wide range of Reynolds number <31,577; 35,259,000>. This formula is easy to use, to integrate, or to derivate. The empirical formulas for the profile parameters as a function of Re are also included in this paper. All information for the mean velocity profile prediction in the mentioned Re range are in the paper. It means that it is necessary to know the average velocity v(av), the pipe radius R, and Re to be able to predict the turbulent mean velocity profile in a pipe.
Transmissivity Estimates by Specific Capacity Data of Some Fractured Italian Carbonate Aquifers
Authors: Valigi Daniela , Cambi Costanza , Checcucci Roberto , Di Matteo Lucio
Published: May 2021

Transmissivity estimates can be obtained by different approaches, mainly analytical and empirical. The application of analytical methods requires checking non-linear well losses due to turbulence and vertical flow related to partial penetration. The empirical approach relates transmissivity values to specific capacity data measured in the same well. The interpretation of available pumping tests highlights porous media solutions’ applicability in most of the step-drawdown curves analyzed. Double or triple porosity approaches are more appropriate only for wells located close to fault systems. In this work, a new relationship to estimate transmissivity by specific capacity data in some Italian carbonate aquifers is proposed. The comparison with other relationships available in the literature for similar aquifers worldwide confirms the validity of a general equation for carbonate aquifers, helping the spatial characterization of aquifer transmissivity in scarce data regions. Nonetheless, the use of equations of the same kind with different coefficients allows good results on our set of data. Results can improve the knowledge of fractured–karst aquifers by also including data from Central Italy.
Simulation and Assessment of Future Glacial Lake Outburst Floods in the Poiqu River Basin, Central Himalayas
Authors: Zhang Taigang , Wang Weicai , Gao Tanguang , An Baosheng
Published: May 2021

A glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) is a typical glacier-related hazard in high mountain regions. In recent decades, glacial lakes in the Himalayas have expanded rapidly due to climate warming and glacial retreat. Some of these lakes are unstable, and may suddenly burst under different triggering factors, thus draining large amounts of water and impacting downstream social and economic development. Glacial lakes in the Poiqu River basin, Central Himalayas, have attracted great attention since GLOFs originating there could have a transboundary impact on both China and Nepal, as occurred during the Cirenmaco GLOF in 1981 and the Gongbatongshaco GLOF in 2016. Based on previous studies of this basin, we selected seven very high-risk moraine-dammed lakes (Gangxico, Galongco, Jialongco, Cirenmaco, Taraco, Beihu, and Cawuqudenco) to simulate GLOF propagation at different drainage percentage scenarios (i.e., 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%), and to conduct hazard assessment. The results show that, when any glacial lake is drained completely or partly, most of the floods will enter Nepal after raging in China, and will continue to cause damage. In summary, 57.5 km of roads, 754 buildings, 3.3 km2 of farmland, and 25 bridges are at risk of damage due to GLOFs. The potentially inundated area within the Chinese part of the Poiqu River basin exceeds 45 km2. Due to the destructive impacts of GLOFs on downstream areas, appropriate and effective measures should be implemented to adapt to GLOF risk. We finally present a paradigm for conducting hazard assessment and risk management. It uses only freely available data and thus is easy to apply.
Adsorption of Azo-Anionic Dyes in a Solution Using Modified Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Mesocarp: Kinetic and Equilibrium Study
Authors: Tejada-Tovar Candelaria , Villabona-Ortíz Ángel , Gonzalez-Delgado Ángel Darío
Published: May 2021

The effect of adsorbent dose and initial concentration on removing the azo-anionic dyes Congo Red andtartrazine present in a synthetic aqueous solution was studied using natural cellulose (CC) and modified cationic cellulose (MCC) from coconut mesocarp. Three levels of adsorbent dosage (5, 8 and 12 mg/L) and initial concentration (40, 70 and 100 mg/L) were used. Cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) was used as a modifying agent. TGA and DSC showed that the extracted cellulose was of good quality, composed mostly of cellulose with lignin and hemicellulose traces, and 8% moisture. The FTIR spectrum showed the effectiveness of the modification in the structure of the material with symmetric deformation of the C6H6-Cl group in 1472 cm−1 present in the CTAC. It was found that decreasing the adsorbent dosage and increasing the initial concentration favored the dyes’ adsorption capacity on the two bioadsorbents. Tartrazine removals of 5.67 mg/g on CC and 19.61 mg/g on MCC were achieved, and for CR of 15.52 mg/g on CC and 19.99 with MCC with removal percentages over 97% with the quaternized biomass in all cases. The kinetic and equilibrium study was carried out to identify the mechanisms involved in the adsorption process. The Freundlich model can describe the equilibrium isotherm data of tartrazine on CC and MCC. In contrast, those of CR is defined by the Langmuir and Dubinin–Radushkevic models for CC and MCC, respectively Adsorption kinetics showed that equilibrium was reached at 30 min, with rapid adsorption in the initial minutes with the removal of about 97% of the contaminant in the first 5 min; fitting to kinetic models showed that the kinetics of tartrazine on CC was fitted by Elovich (R2 = 0.756), and on MCC the Elovich (R2 = 0.887) and pseudo-second-order (R2 = 0.999) models. Removing CR on CC was fitted by pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and Elovich models (R2 > 0.98), and when using MCC, all models show a good fitting with R2 = 0.99 in all cases.
The Influence of Hydropower and Coal Consumption on Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Comparison between China and India
Authors: Pata Ugur Korkut , Kumar Amit
Published: May 2021

This study mainly aims to investigate carbon status according to the Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH) in developing countries such as India and China based on annual time series data from 1980 to 2016. The recently developed bootstrap autoregressive distributed lag procedure is applied to observe the long-run effect of FDI, hydropower, and coal-based fossil fuel consumption on three repressive measures of carbon emissions. The empirical results of the analysis show that hydropower and coal consumption lead to an upsurge in carbon emissions and the size of the carbon footprint in China. Similarly, Chinese FDI increases the carbon footprint. Moreover, Indian FDI and coal consumption accelerate carbon emissions while hydropower has no impact on environmental degradation. These results suggest that the PHH exists in China and India and that the validity of the PHH varies according to differing carbon indicators. Based on the empirical results, effective policy practices can be implemented by replacing coal and hydropower with more effective renewable energy sources and allowing foreign investors to pursue environmental concerns in the fight against environmental degradation.
Sediment Balance Estimation of the ‘Cuvette Centrale’ of the Congo River Basin Using the SWAT Hydrological Model
Authors: Datok Pankyes , Sauvage Sabine , Fabre Clément , Laraque Alain , Ouillon Sylvain , Moukandi N’kaya Guy , Sanchez-Perez José-Miguel
Published: May 2021

In this study, the SWAT hydrological model was used to estimate the sediment yields in the principal drainage basins of the Congo River Basin. The model was run for the 2000–2012 period and calibrated using measured values obtained at the basins principal gauging station that controls 98% of the basin area. Sediment yield rates of 4.01, 5.91, 7.88 and 8.68 t km−2 yr−1 were estimated for the areas upstream of the Ubangi at Bangui, Sangha at Ouesso, Lualaba at Kisangani, and Kasai at Kuto-Moke, respectively—the first three of which supply the Cuvette Centrale. The loads contributed into the Cuvette Centrale by eight tributaries were estimated to be worth 0.04, 0.07, 0.09, 0.18, 0.94, 1.50, 1.60, and 26.98 × 106 t yr−1 from the Likouala Mossaka at Makoua, Likouala aux Herbes at Botouali, Kouyou at Linnegue, Alima at Tchikapika, Sangha at Ouesso, Ubangi at Mongoumba, Ruki at Bokuma and Congo at Mbandaka, respectively. The upper Congo supplies up to 85% of the fluxes in the Cuvette Centrale, with the Ubangi and the Ruki contributing approximately 5% each. The Cuvette Centrale acts like a big sink trapping up to 23 megatons of sediment produced upstream (75%) annually.
Public Acceptance of Wastewater Reuse: New Evidence from Factor and Regression Analyses
Authors: Chfadi Tarik , Gheblawi Mohamed , Thaha Renna
Published: May 2021

The present study attempts to unravel the determinants of public acceptance of Treated Wastewater (TWW) reuse in the United Arab Emirates. A representative sample (1426) of Al-Ain city residents, were interviewed, using a structured questionnaire, on their knowledge and attitudes towards TWW reuse, and other demographic characteristics. Descriptive analysis shows high public acceptance for applications with low contact and lower acceptance for those involving direct or indirect consumption of TWW, and/or skin contact. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of acceptance responses identified (Kaiser–Mayer–Olkin test = 0.942; p-value < 0.001 for Bartlett’s test) five factors/categories of applications that differ in level and type of contact. The five groups of applications are Direct consumption, Indirect Consumption, Non-food Agricultural, Industrial, and Skin Contact. ANOVA analysis (p < 0.0001) and Spearman’s Rho test validated earlier findings. Another PCA of respondents’ reasons for hesitation towards TWW delivers two factors, attitude toward contamination risk and psychological “yuck” factors. Regression analyses show that both factors are influenced by knowledge and sources of information, and the former is affected by demographic characteristics. PCA and regression analyses provide a robust methodological framework for the study TWW reuse acceptance, and highlight the importance of communication in improving its social sustainability.
Characteristics of Underwater Topography, Geomorphology and Sediment Source in Qinzhou Bay
Authors: Cao Chao , Cai Feng , Qi Hongshuai , Zheng Yongling , Lu Huiquan
Published: May 2021

Human activities for exploitation and utilization of coastal zones have transformed coastline morphology and severely changed regional flow fields, underwater topography, and sediment distribution in the sea. In this study, single-beam bathymetry coupled with sediment sampling and analysis was carried out to ascertain submarine topography, geomorphology and sediment distribution patterns, and explore sediment provenance in Qinzhou Bay, China. The results show the following: (1) the underwater topography in Qinzhou Bay is complex and variable, with water depths in the range of 0–20 m. It can be divided into four underwater topographic zones (the central (outer Qinzhou Bay), eastern (Sanniang Bay), western (east of Fangcheng Port), and southern (outside of the bay) parts); (2) based on geomorphological features, the study area comprises four major submarine geomorphological units (i.e., tide-dominated delta, tidal sand ridge group, tidal scour troughs, and underwater slope) and two intertidal geomorphological units (i.e., tidal flat and abrasion platforms); (3) sandy sediments are widely present in Qinzhou Bay, accounting for 70% of the total sediments. From the mouth of the Maowei Sea to the central and northern part of Qinzhou Bay, the sediments gradually become coarser, shifting from sandy mud to muddy sand, and then to fine sand and medium–coarse sand, especially inside the trench. The detrital minerals contained in the sediments mainly consist of quartz, feldspar, ilmenite, leucosphenite, tourmaline, and detrital minerals, whereas the clay minerals are dominated by kaolinite, followed by illite and smectite. The sediment provenance is mainly terrigenous input from near-source river. With sea reclamation and dam construction, outer Qinzhou Bay has experienced enormous morphological variation of its coastline. Human activities for exploitation and utilization of coastal zones have transformed coastline morphology and severely changed regional flow fields, underwater topography, and sediment distribution in the sea. Together with the channel effect where the velocity of ebb tide is greater than that of flood tide, the underwater topography is characterized by increased scale and height difference of troughs and ridges as well as enhanced offshore deposition.
Applications of Two-Dimensional Spatial Routing Procedure for Estimating Dispersion Coefficients in Open Channel Flows
Authors: Shin Jaehyun , Rhee Dongsop , Park Inhwan
Published: May 2021

In this study, the performance of two routing procedures were evaluated to estimate the two-dimensional dispersion coefficients. The two-dimensional Stream-Tube Routing Procedure (2D ST-RP) has been widely used to obtain the dispersion coefficients from measured concentration-time curves under the frozen cloud assumption. Meanwhile, the Spatial Routing Procedure (2D S-RP) employs the spatial distributions of concentration to estimate the dispersion coefficients. The performance of the two routing methods were evaluated in aspect of the validity of the frozen cloud assumption and the applicability in the non-Fickian mixing. From the estimation results of dispersion coefficients, the results by the 2D ST-RP included errors due to skewed concentration-time curves which were created by violating the frozen cloud assumption. On the other hand, the 2D S-RP provides accurate dispersion coefficients in the same condition. The estimated results of dispersion coefficients in the meandering channel show that both the 2D ST-RP and the 2D S-RP contained errors due to the non-Fickian mixing properties of the test case. Even with the discrepancies, the 2D S-RP presented more appropriate spatial variabilities along the meander cycle than the results by the 2D ST-RP.
Numerical Analysis of Flow Behavior in a Rectangular Channel with Submerged Weirs
Authors: Herrera-Granados Oscar
Published: May 2021

In this contribution, different 3D numerical approaches are applied in order to simulate the behaviour of turbulent flow through a rectangular channel with broad-crested weirs. In addition, water flow velocities, using Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry (ADV) instrumentation, were recorded. Two turbulence quantities are estimated using the laboratory records and were compared with those computed with the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) models. Additionally, a quadrant analysis of the laboratory records was carried out. The output of the models presents good agreement with the time-averaged parameters, but is not sufficient for the proper estimation of the turbulence quantities.
Modeling of 14C Vertical Distribution in Bottom Sediments of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant Cooling Reservoir
Authors: Barisevičiūtė Rūta , Maceika Evaldas , Juodis Laurynas , Pabedinskas Algirdas , Šapolaitė Justina , Ežerinskis Žilvinas , Butkus Laurynas , Remeikis Vidmantas
Published: May 2021

The Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant (INPP) in Lithuania is a rare case when lake water is used instead of river or sea water for cooling. Lake Drūkšiai with water residence time of 3–4 year and undisturbed sediment layers is a unique system to assess the impact of a nuclear facility on the aquatic ecosystem with a sufficiently high temporal resolution. We constructed a model of radiocarbon cycling processes in lake ecosystem which evaluates the 14C specific activity vertical distribution in two organic sediment fractions: alkali-soluble and alkali-insoluble. Model calculations proved that during the first 15 years of operation since 1983, 14C annual aqueous releases from the INPP were in water dissolved inorganic carbon form and varied in the range of 2.4 ÷ 3.7 × 108 Bq/year. The results of the modeling of hypothetic scenarios also showed that there was the only one episode of elevated releases from the INPP in 2000–2001, which changed the interaction between the two organic sediment fractions for the period of 2000–2006. It was caused most probably by released chemicals from INPP but not by 14C contamination. Interaction processes between both sediment fractions recovered to its original state after 2006, indicating that the released additional chemical compounds lake ecosystem have been cleaned-up.
Impact of Relaxation Time on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Characterization of the Most Common Lithium Battery Technologies—Experimental Study and Chemistry-Neutral Modeling
Authors: Hosen Md Sazzad , Gopalakrishnan Rahul , Kalogiannis Theodoros , Jaguemont Joris , Van Mierlo Joeri , Berecibar Maitane
Published: May 2021

In electrified vehicle applications, understanding the battery characteristics is of great importance as it is the state-of-art principal energy source. The key battery parameters can be identified by one of the robust and nondestructive characterization techniques, such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). However, relaxing the battery cell before performing the EIS method is crucial for the characterization results to be standardized. In this study, the three most common and commercially available lithium-ion technologies (NMC/graphite, LFP/graphite, NCA/LTO) are investigated at 15–45 °C temperature, in the range of 20–80% state of charge (SoC) and in fresh and aged state of health (SoH) conditions. The analysis shows that the duration of the relaxation time before impedance measurement has an impact on the battery’s nonlinear behavior. A rest time of 2 h can be proposed, irrespective of battery health condition, considering neutral technology-based impedance measurement. An impedance growth in ohmic and charge transfer characteristics was found, due to aging, and the effect of rest periods was also analyzed from an electrochemical standpoint. This experimental data was fitted to develop an empirical model, which can predict the nonlinear dynamics of lithium technologies with a 4–8% relative error for longer rest time.
Transformations of the world order in the run-up to the third decade of the XXI century
Authors: Bocharnikov I. V. , Ovsyannikova O. A.
Published: May 2021

Тhe article reveals the main directions of transformation of the modern world order caused by the decline of the American-centric system, as well as the crisis of European integration. The main factors that determine the development of these processes, problems and prospects for the formation of a new world order at the beginning of the third decade of the XXI century are determined. The most significant aspects of the transformation of the policy of the United States and its European allies in relation to Russia are considered, and historical analogies are drawn with the processes of transformation of the world community in the XIX and XX centuries.
Identifikasi Pengaruh Dosis Pemupukan Trichokompos terhadap Fase Awal Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung Ungu Antioksidan (Identification of the Trichocompost Fertilizer Dose Effect on the Early Growth of Purple Corn Anthocyanins)
Authors: Nurnawati Andi Ayu
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAK
Jagung ungu merupakan salah satu dari beberapa varian warna jagung pulut yang belum begitu dikenal oleh masyarakat namun kaya akan manfaat. Penilitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk trichokompos terhadap variabel pengamatan diantaranya persentase tumbuh tanaman, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan luas daun pada fase awal pertumbuhan tanaman jagung ungu. Persentase tumbuh tanaman diamati pada 7 hari setelah tanam kemudian tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan luas daun diamati pada 14 hari setelah tanam. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 5 perlakuan dosis pupuk trichokompos (0 ton/ha, 20 ton/ha, 25 ton/ha, 30 ton/ha dan 35 ton/ha) yang diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Analisis data menggunakan sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ (Uji Lanjut Tukey), apabila diperoleh hasil yang berpengaruh beda nyata pada perlakuan yang diujikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dosis pupuk trichokompos berpengaruh nyata pada variabel pengamatan jumlah daun di mana dosis pupuk trichokompos 25 ton/ha menunjukkan nilai tertinggi.
kata kunci: jagung ungu, trichokompos, pertumbuhan awal
ABSTRACT
Purple corn is one of several colour variants of pulut corn that is not well known by the public but it has many benefits. This study was aimed to determine the effect of trichocompost fertilizer dosage on the observed variables, that were the percentage of plant growth, plant height, number of leaves, and leaf area in the early stages of purple corn plants' growth. Percentage of plant growth at 7 days after planting then plant height, number of leaves and leaf area were observed at 14 days after planting. The research method used a randomized block design with 5 doses of trichocompost fertilizer (0 tons/ha, 20 tons/ha, 25 tons/ha, 30 tons/ha, and 35 tons/ha) with five replications. The results showed that the dosage treatment of trichocompost had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the number of leaves where the trichocompost fertilizer dose of 25 tons/ha  showed the highest one.
keywords: purple corn, trichocompost, early growth.
PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI MELALUI PENGGUNAAN VARIETAS UNGGUL BARU PADA USAHATANI BAWANG MERAH
Authors: Sinaga Apresus - , Rajab Abdul - , Suddin AndiFaisal - , - Amisnaipa -
Published: May 2021

Bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum) merupakan salah satu sektor pertanian yang memegang peranan penting dan strategis secara nasional. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan informasi produktivitas tanaman serta melihat respon dan hasil analisis kelayakan usahatani bawang merah. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada lahan petani di Desa Bonto Karaeng, Kecamatan Sinoa,  Kabupaten Bantaeng Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan pada bulan Januari – Desember 2019. Penentuan lokasi penelitian dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive). Perlakuan yang dicobakan untuk melihat perbedaan hasil bawang merah antara varietas super filips, mentes, trisula dan varietas lokal bantaeng. Data dianalisis secara deskritip, untuk melihat respon petani dilakukan wawancara menggunakan kuisioner. Untuk mengetahui tingkat kelayakan usahatani dilakukan analisi R/C ratio dan analisis Marginal B/C ratio. Selanjutnya dilakukan pendekatan untuk menghitung tingkat titik impas produksi dan titik impas harga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata produksi bawang merah tertinggi varietas super filips sebesar 116,04%, disusul varietas mentes sebesar 80,38% dan varietas trisula sebesar 71,54%, dibandingkan varietas lokal bantaeng. Nilai rasio terhadap biaya pada semua tanaman bawang merah memperoleh nilai R/C > 1 dan nilai rasio keuntungan terhadap biaya yang nilai B/C > 1 didapat pada tanaman bawang merah varietas super filips, mentes dan trisula, sedangkan bawang merah varietas lokal bantaeng menunjukkan nilai B/C < 1. Secara finansial dan manfaat ekonomi tanaman bawang merah varietas super filips, mentes dan trisula sudah layak dikembangkan dan menguntungkan dengan tingkat keuntungan berturut-turut sebesar 78,82%, 32,80% dan 21,39% dari total biaya yang dicurahkan. Usahatani bawang merah dilokasi penelitian mempunyai daya saing yang cukup tinggi karena memiliki titik impas produksi (TIP) dan titik impas harga (TIH) lebih rendah dari nilai aktual harga dan nilai aktual produksi
Keragaan Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tiga Varietas Padi Pada Rekomendasi Pemupukan Yang Berbeda
Authors: JAUHARI SODIQ
Published: May 2021

Peningkatan produktifitas dan kualitas hasil padi dapat dilakukan melalui penggunaan VUB yang bermutu dan aplikasi pemupukan spsifik lokasi.  Kegiatan penelitian di lahan petani MT 2016/2017 tepatnya di Desa Rowoboni, Kecamatan Banyubiru, Kabupaten Semarang.  Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan acak kelompok lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan tiga padi VUB yaitu V1= Inbrida Inpari JT-6, V2=  Hibrida Hipa C-5 dan V3= varietas lokal (Umbul) dan  Tiga macam pupuk rekomendasi spesifik lokasi yaitu P1=Permentan No 40 2007, P2=pupuk rekomendasi hasil PUTS , P3=pemupukan rekomendasi kebiasaan petani. Hasil analisis sidik ragam  perlakuan pemberian pupuk rekomendasi berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap semua parameter pertumbuhan dan hasil pada varietas yang sama, namun memberikan pengaruh  yang berbeda nyata antar varietas terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, umur berbunga dan hasil.  Rekomendasi pemupukan PUTS memberikan perbedaan nyata antar varietas terhadap jumlah anakan produktif dengan hasil tertinggi padi Inbrida Inpari JT-6  16,10 batang dan hasil GKG sejumlah 7,4 t/ha . Sehingga ada peningkatan produktifitas 5,71 persen atau 0,4 ton/ha GKG. Rekomendasi pemupukan PUTS mampu memberikan tingkat penghematan  penggunaan pupuk Urea sejumlah 58,41 kg/ha  (29,2 persen), pupuk SP-36 sejumlah 112,5 kg (59,7 persen) dan pupuk KCl sejumlah 10 kg (20 persen) dibanding pemupukan kebiasaan petani.
INTEGRASI PASAR AYAM BROILER DI SENTRA PRODUKSI DAN PASAR INDONESIA
Authors: Jojo Jojo , Harianto Harianto , Nurmalina Rita , Hakim Dedi Budiman
Published: May 2021

Ayam broiler  merupakan salah satu komoditas strategis yang tumbuh pesat, dihasilkan subsektor peternakan. Permasalahan umum pemasaran ayam broiler antara lain fluktuasi harga dan kompetisi pasar terhadap harga ayam antar pedagang besar antar kota menyebabkan terjadinya keterkaitan harga ayam satu kota dengan kota lainnya, antar peternak dan pedagang eceran. Tujuan penelitian ini  untuk mengkaji integrasi pasar  ayam broiler Jawa Barat dan pasar Indonesia.  Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder  time series bulanan, yaitu 72 bulan, periode  Januari 2014 – Desember 2019. Data dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan model VAR (Vector Autoregression). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa  pasar  ayam broiler Jawa Barat tidak memiliki integrasi dengan pasar Indonesia baik dalam jangka panjang ataupun jangka pendek. Broiler chickens are a strategic commodity that is growing rapidly, produced by the livestock sub-sector. General problems of broiler chicken marketing include price fluctuations and market competition on chicken prices among wholesalers between cities, causing a linkage between the price of chickens from one city to another, between breeders and retail traders. The purpose of this study was to examine the integration of the West Java broiler market and the Indonesian market. The data used are secondary monthly time series data, namely 72 months, for the period January 2014 - December 2019. The data were analyzed using the VAR (Vector Autoregression) model approach. The results of the analysis show that the West Java broiler chicken market does not have integration with the Indonesian market either in the long or short term.
An important period of the historical development of garden art: “Renaissance garden style”
Authors: Turkan Zihni , Köksaldı Esra
Published: May 2021

Having a place in the concept of landscaping, which is an important factor in human life for integration with nature, garden art has shown a continuous development since its formation back in history. The first examples of garden styles in history were shaped with the effects of religious, philosophical, and mythological ideas. As in all branches of fine arts, garden art is nurtured by historical insights of style, and the reflections of cultural heritages are visible in all the designs that appear. It can be understood that the basis of the professional and modern garden designs is the historical gardens, and they show a development in that direction.

In order to establish and document the historical formation and development processes of garden art, initially a definition of the concept of garden was made and the historical development of garden art was examined within the garden art styles of Antiquity, Middle Ages, Far East, Islamic, and British periods, in the research forming this study. After that, the Renaissance period garden style, meaning ‘rebirth’, which forms the detail of this study is examined with its historical development, its characteristics, and samples, in detail.
Records of brown plumage aberration in the Common Buzzard Buteo buteo
Authors: Ciach Michał , Kwarciany Anna , Switala Dariusz
Published: May 2021

The Common Buzzard Buteo buteo presents high plumage variation, but individuals in aberrant plumage are recorded extremely rarely. In August 2005, near Templewo (western Poland), a dead Common Buzzard with aberrant plumage was found. Another individual with aberrant plumage was observed on 14 August 2011 near Minoga (southern Poland). Both birds were beige in most parts of the body with a retained light brown and orange feather pattern. This is the brown mutation, an exceptionally rare plumage aberration in the Common Buzzard.
A white feathered area on the forehead is more common in hybrids of Greylag Goose Anser anser and Greater Canada Goose Branta canadensis than in the parent species
Authors: Gustavsson C G
Published: May 2021

This study evaluated prevalence and extent of white areas on heads of Greylag Goose × Greater Canada Goose hybrids. A white area which bordered the bill and then to various degrees extended over the forehead was found in 17 out of 20 hybrids. This was significantly more common in the hybrids than in the parent species. The white areas in the hybrids were also significantly larger than in those 82 out of 191 adult Greylag Geese which had some amount of white area. There were too few Greater Canada Geese with a white area outside the normal pale cheek patch to make a meaningful similar quantitative comparison also with them. No white area was seen in the three presumed 1st Calendar Year (CY) hybrids but when two of them were seen again in September of the 2nd CY there were some pale feathers that were interpreted as the beginning of white areas. The white areas in hybrids are therefore regarded to be adult features which like in several pure Anser species begin to develop during the 2nd CY.
Propaganda y elecciones en tiempos de Covid-19: a la conquista espacios y actores digitales
Authors: Escandón Montenegro Pablo
Published: May 2021

En el último trimestre del año 2020 se desarrollarán elecciones en el continente americano: Bolivia en octubre, Estados Unidos en noviembre y Ecuador, que iniciará la campaña en diciembre. Todos, signados bajo la emergencia sanitaria, que provocó el aislamiento, el ahondamiento de las crisis económicas y en el caso boliviano y ecuatoriano, la profundización de las crisis políticas. ¿Cómo se desarrollan las campañas electorales en estos escenarios? ¿De qué manera la democracia y las estrategias en medios se verán retadas para conseguir emocionar y convencer a electores cada vez más jóvenes y con diferentes prácticas mediáticas? La tecnopolítica y la comunicación digital se vinculan con la defensa de los derechos sociales para emocionar al electorado que se mueve en escenarios mediáticos y en plataformas de comunidades digitales, móviles y que responden a causas y retos, mediadas por influenciadores.
Los jóvenes en cuarentena: Miradas y propuestas desde el arte y la comunicación
Authors: Paz Burgos Martha Rosa , Vaca Josue
Published: May 2021

Toda obra artística es productora de sen- tido. Sesenta y siete videos producidos por jóvenes bolivianos sobre la pandemia y en época de cuarentena han permiti- do tomar una radiografía social de lo que ellos experimentaron, sintieron y pensa- ron respecto a la situación de crisis sani- taria, el confinamiento y el distanciamien- to social. Videoclips, dramas de ficción y documentales fueron deconstruidos para construir un discurso colectivo re- presentativo, según propone el semiólo- go francés Jacques Derrida. La pandemia y la cuarentena, con sus consecuencias directas (la enfermedad, el encierro y la infoxicación) e indirectas (incertidumbre, miedo, ansiedad y depresión), han recon- figurado nuestras vidas, redireccionado nuestras prioridades y creando una nueva normalidad. Eso dicen los jóvenes.
La toma del agua zacatecana
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Tetreault Darcy
Published: May 2021

Loa acuíferos que abastecen la Zona Conurbada de Zacatecas y Guadalupe (ZCZG) están sobreexplotados, contaminados y pobremente regulados. Existe una crisis y la gran mayoría de la población local no tiene conciencia de ello. Durante más de un cuarto de siglo, las agencias gubernamentales encargadas de administrar el agua han mostrado incapacidad para encontrar soluciones efectivas. No pueden. Están subordinadas al capital y su imperativo de acumulación bajo el actual modelo neoliberal.
El dilema del desarrollo en una zona de alta migración en Zacatecas
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Reyes Rivas Elivier , Padilla Bernal Luz Evelia ,   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, González Hernández José Roberto ,   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas
Published: May 2021

Este trabajo presenta resultados parciales sobre factores condicionantes al desarrollo en una región del municipio de Sombrerete, considerada una zona de alta migración en Zacatecas, cuyos efectos se evidencian por el deterioro de las condiciones de vida y la tendencia acumulativa al despoblamiento. Dadas las características de la zona con aptitudes agropecuarias y unidades productivas mayores al régimen ejidal en el estado, las exiguas alternativas de empleo, el bajo nivel escolar, la edad de los productores, son algunos rasgos que inducen la búsqueda de nuevas estrategias de vida.
Uso excesivo de las redes sociales en adolescentes de 10 a 14 años un riesgo latente de la nueva era
Authors:   Corporación Universitaria Iberoamericana, Rodado Zaida , Jurado Leydi ,   Corporación Universitaria Iberoamericana, Giraldo Sandra ,   Corporación Universitaria Iberoamericana
Published: May 2021

Los avances científicos que van surgiendo a través del tiempo han logrado permear de un modo más amplio a la sociedad, permitiéndoles que cada vez más su acceso a ellos sea fácil y cómodo, por el hecho de pensar que la obtención y apropiación de estos les permita o les facilite su relación con el mundo que los rodea. Por tanto, se hace necesario Comprender los significados del uso excesivo de las redes sociales en adolescentes de 10 a 14 años, del Municipio de Cajicá, Cundinamarca. A través de una investigación con metodología cualitativa bajo la técnica de análisis de datos denominada hermenéutica, enfocada en la teoría sociocultural de Vygotsky, aplicando una entrevista a profundidad en una muestra de 21 adolescentes. Por medio de la cual se identificaron variedad de conceptos que los entrevistados manifestaron sobre la adquisición, uso, manejo y riesgos de las redes sociales que, aunque los manejan, reconocen que hay muchos aspectos por mejorar. Por lo que se hace importante la creación de diferentes proyectos y programas de intervención que permitan reducir los riesgos y por ende las consecuencias frente al uso excesivo e inadecuado de las redes sociales.
SOME FEATURES OF NAMING DISEASES IN KOMI DIALECTS
Authors: Aibabina Evgenia Avenirovna
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the popular names of smallpox and chicken pox, recorded in the “Dictionary of the Komi language dialects” (2012-2014). The semantics and the formal structure of the names are explored. The lexical units referring to smallpox include separate lexemes, which are verbal nouns formed by suffixation ( kokas' ), and compound names with two elements. The latter mostly implements the following model: "noun (in the nominative) + noun meaning ‘smallpox’, ‘disease’. The attributive component indicates the disease, its cause or the mode of transmission ( pis't'i vis'an, jen kokas', ru kokač' ). In the names of chicken pox, which, in accordance with the common notion, is a lighter variety of smallpox, compound constructions indicate the milder nature of the disease ( prestej kokas' ), and its source - the wind ( tev jyv kokač' ). The lexemes denoting smallpox ( kokač'/ kokas', pis't'i/ pis'ki ) are the base words of such phrases as well.
ADDITION TO THE FLORA OF THE STATE NATIONAL PARK “BUIRATAU”
Authors: Pryadko G.F.
Published: May 2021

As a result of analysis of the flora prospectus of the state national park "Buiratau", which appeared in 2011, the absence of 100 plant species identified earlier by us for this area was determined, and 5 species are absent from the list of flora of the Central Kazakhstan uplands (melkosopochnik). A list of these species is given. As a result of the assessment of the rarity of species, it is proposed to include 4 more species in the new edition of the Red Book of Kazakhstan: Allium shaerocephalon, Caragana leucophloea , Rhinactinidia eremophila, Trinia muricata.
¿Es la jurisprudencia fuente del derecho?
Authors: Bueno Ochoa Luis
Published: May 2021

La respuesta a la pregunta que hace las veces de título bien pudiera verse introducida a través de ese otro interrogante que daba título a un famoso opúsculo kantiano: «¿Qué es la Ilustración?» (1783). En un célebre párrafo incluido en esa obrita del genio de Königsberg se aludía a la necesidad de salir de una autoculpable minoría de edad; a la autodeterminación, vista como imprescindible autonomía y, en síntesis, la respuesta a la pregunta venía dada en forma de exclamación: Sapere aude! El fenómeno ilustrado pasaba, pues, por una exigencia que no era otra sino atreverse a pensar.
Investigación/Research naturaleza de las normas deontológicas
Authors: Fuertes-Planas Aleix Cristina
Published: May 2021

La deontología, o ciencia de los deberes de los profesionales, está a caballo entre las normas morales y las normas jurídicas, siendo fundamental que actúan a modo de autorregulación de las personas implicadas. Por ello muchos autores las han calificado como una especie de “tertium genus”. Sobre ese aspecto, el acuñamiento del término, en el primer tercio del siglo XIX, sin perjuicio de que su práctica es mucho más antigua, trata este trabajo.
Las ayudas a la prensa en España
Authors: De la Quintana Alfonso
Published: May 2021

Históricamente todos los gobiernos han dedicado una parte de sus presupuestos para ayudar a los medios de comunicación en el desarrollo de su quehacer empresarial. Esta relación empresarial existe casi desde que los medios nacieron. Pero en realidad es un peligro para la independencia de los medios, aunque también una necesidad para la supervivencia de los mismos. Una ecuación difícil de cuadrar. Ya que sin dinero muchos pequeños medios morirían ante las distintas crisis y carestías que deben soportar y la opinión pública hubiera perdido independencia, al perder un medio.
Aproximación al estudio del discurso en los manuales de historia: tratamiento de la figura del héroe y del colectivo
Authors: Del Valle Mejías María Elena
Published: May 2021

El presente artículo es el resultado de un conjunto de reflexiones en torno a las características discursivas verbales y no verbales de los textos de Historia de Venezuela y su tratamiento del hecho histórico. Se compilan un conjunto de preocupaciones en relación al tratamiento de la figura del héroe y su excesiva valoración y la presentación del colectivo como mero observador de los acontecimientos históricos.
El tratamiento de la hipnosis en la trilogía hipnótica (1984-1991) de Lars von Trier
Authors: Díaz Lucena Antonio
Published: May 2021

Lars von Trier dirigió entre 1984 y 1991 su primera Trilogía. El trance hipnótico es el nexo en común de los tres filmes, aunque se despliega de forma diferente en cada uno de ellos. Nos preguntamos en este artículo por la relación del cineasta con esta técnica. Asimismo, indagamos en la posible significación que pudiera tener. Con este fin, profundizamos en el estilo y concepción artística de uno de los directores daneses más conocidos que también aplicó el trance hipnótico en su cinematografía: Carl Th. Dreyer. En este proceso, nos daremos cuenta de la cercanía de ambos cineastas con los preceptos del Romanticismo y su búsqueda personal de la esencia del ser humano.
La representacion cinematografica del artista genio con desordenes mentales: van gogh- toulouse lautrec- modigliani-pollock
Authors: Satarain Mónica
Published: May 2021

El modo de representación institucional hegemónico y nacido en el seno de la industria hollywoodense en las primeras décadas del siglo XX, gestionó la política de géneros que fueron como todo el discurso clásico inflexibles respecto a una serie de efectos de corpus y de normativas de verosímil1 que lograron instaurar un modelo de representación muy fuerte del artista-genio que tomó sus raíces de laliteratura romántica y del folletín popular para construir el personaje torturado, sufriente e inadaptado del cine biográfico de artistas. Estos maestros indiscutibles de la pintura del siglo XIX y XX, son casos emblemáticos en los cuales la trilogía arte-locura-genio, opera como una fórmula eficaz para explicar un talento desmesurado, en contextos aparentemente aptos para desarrollar su obra (momentos de gran creatividad o de surgimiento de movimientos que comprometían a sus contemporáneos en cambios de paradigma en el marco de la historia del arte) y que sin embargo , y a pesar de su capacidad productiva no lograron adaptarse a su medio, en el cual destacaron tanto por su arte como por sus arrebatos vitales, sus desórdenes de conducta, sus adicciones y en varios casos en desenlaces trágicos asociados a actos de locura.
Lenguaje audiovisual y experiencia mística en la noche oscura, de Carlos Saura
Authors: Visa Barbosa Mariona
Published: May 2021

Este artículo tiene como propósito analizar la utilidad del lenguaje audiovisual para transmitir la experiencia mística. No desde el punto de vista testimonial, dónde el autor de la película intenta narrar una experiencia mística propia, sino para ilustrar la experiencia vivida por los místicos anteriores. En este caso, para observar y analizar los recursos audiovisuales y estilísticos que Carlos Saura utilizó en La noche oscura (1989) a la hora de transmitir la experiencia que San Juan de la Cruz vivió durante los nueve meses de reclutamiento en la prisión de Toledo.
Análisis de “lo religioso” en el decreto de instrucción pública, gratuita y obligatoria de Antonio Guzmán Blanco
Authors: Del Valle Mejías María Elena
Published: May 2021

El presente artículo resume reflexiones sobre la presencia de los elementos religiosos en las leyes venezolanas. En este caso, analizamos el Decreto de Instrucción Pública, Gratuita y Obligatoria y el uso de los elementos cuturales asociados a la fe católica. Los hallazgos tienen que ver con la firme oposición a presencia de los elementos religiosos en la comprensión del mundo instaurados por la iglesia católica.