bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ferroelectric Thin Film Microcavities and their Optical Resonant Properties
Authors: Lin Pao Tai , Russin William A. , Imre Alexandra , Ocola Leonidas E. , Wessels Bruce W.
Published: August 2009

Two dimensional photonic crystal (PhC) microcavity structures were fabricated using epitaxial ferroelectric thin film as the optical media and their resonant optical properties were measured. The PhC structures are utilized in order to achieve strong light localization to enhance the interaction between the incident light and the nonlinear optical barium titanate (BTO). Fluorescence measurements were used to assess the resonant properties. Two types of resonant structures were investigated consisting of either dopant or vacancy PhC arrays. The nano patterning on BTO thin films was achieved using dual beam focused ion beam (FIB). For the dopant type PhC microcavity structure, a larger air hole is generated in every 5 x 5 unit cells forming a super cell. The spatial profiles of PhC microcavity structures are characterized by laser scanning confocal microscopy. Structures with a feature size approaching the optical diffraction limit are clearly resolved. Fluorescence measurements on PhCs coated with a fluorescent dye were carried out to determine the relationship between the degree of light localization and the photonic band structure. Enhanced fluorescence at wavelengths 550-600 nm is observed in the dye covered PhCs with lattice period a =200 nm and a =400 nm. The large fluorescence enhancement results from the presence of PhC stop bands that increase the emission extraction efficiency due to the strong light confinement. Since the only allowed propagation direction for the scattered fluorescence light is out-of-plane, this enhances the vertically fluorescent extraction efficiency. These BTO optical microcavity structures can potentially serve as active nano-photonic components in bio-sensors and integrated photonic circuits.
Magnetofluorescent Hybrid Nanoparticles for Phototherapy of Cancer Cells
Authors: Kirui Dickson K , Batt Carl A
Published: August 2009

Magnetofluorescent hybrid nanoparticles consisting of Au layer, an iron oxide moiety, and fluorescent molecules could provide a promising platform for development of multimodal imaging and therapy approaches in the treatment of cancer. However, the feasibility of this platform has yet to be fully explored. In this study, we synthesized biocompatible dumbbell-like iron-gold hybrid particles that are superparamagnetic, fluorescent and with strong optical absorption. Furthermore, we showed that hybrid nanoparticles can be conjugated to targeting agents allowing for specific targeting of cancer cells.
Surface Coatings Based on Polysilsesquioxanes: Grafting-from Approach Starting from Organic Polymers
Authors: Kessler Daniel , Theato Patrick
Published: August 2009

Poly(methylsilsesquioxane) (PMSSQ) based hybrid materials are promising candidates to produce substrate-independent stable and adherent surface coatings. Usually these materials are synthesized by controlled radical polymerization from inorganic precursors. The presented synthetic pathway in here demonstrates how to graft PMSSQ networks from an endgroup-functionalized organic polymer and thus enlarges the range of accessible inorganic/organic hybrid coating materials.
Amorphous Polymer Networks Combining Three Functionalities–Shape-memory, Biodegradability, and Drug Release
Authors: Wischke Christian , Neffe Axel Thomas , Steuer Susi , Lendlein Andreas
Published: August 2009

Shape-memory polymers are of high scientific and technological interest in the biomedical field, e.g., as matrix for self-anchoring implantable devices. In this study, two different star-shaped copolyester tetroles, semi-crystalline oligo[(-caprolactone)-co-glycolide]tetrol (oCG) and amorphous oligo[(rac-lactide)-co-glycolide]tetrol (oLG), were synthesized and subsequently crosslinked by a low molecular weight diisocyanate resulting in copolyester urethane networks (N-CG, N-LG). Both networks could be loaded with model drugs and a diffusion controlled release of the drugs was observed without any effect on the mass loss as measure of hydrolytic degradation. However, the N-CG network’s capability of shape programming was disturbed as the crystallinity of the precursors got lost in the complex three dimensional architecture after crosslinking. By contrast, amorphous N-LG network showed an excellent shape-memory capability with a switching temperature around 36 °C corresponding to their glass transition temperature. This led to triple-functional materials combining biodegradability, shape-memory, and controlled drug release.
The role of food standards in international trade: assessing the Brazilian beef chain
Authors: Vieira Luciana Marques
Published: August 2009

The purpose of this paper is to identify how Brazilian beef managers have responded to a rapid expansion and intensification of standards for beef exports. This issue relates to how some Brazilian beef exporters are strategically repositioning themselves in the supply chains. The literature of this study reviews global chain governance and international standards. The method uses case studies consisting of six medium and large scale beef exporters who export fresh beef to the European Union. The main findings describe the kinds of governance that stimulate upgrading and transferral of the best practices and, consequently, full compliance with mandatory standards. This study suggests that standards do matter for companies trying to increase international competitiveness. These results contribute an understanding of the Brazilian beef chain, and also of other supply chains coping with demanding and changing international markets. Managerial implications show the challenges facing Brazilian beef exporters in their efforts to sustain exports to the European Union and how they are using chain governance to improve their compliance with international standards and increase competitiveness.
Cooperação tecnológica universidade-empresa para eficiência energética: um estudo de caso
Authors: Segatto-Mendes Andréa Paula , Mendes Nathan
Published: August 2009

O objetivo central deste artigo é apresentar o desenvolvimento e as características de um relacionamento interinstitucional, visando ao aperfeiçoamento da tecnologia existente em redução de consumo de energia em sistemas domésticos de refrigeração e também a adequação do caso estudado aos pressupostos mais recentes do desenvolvimento do modelo da Tripla Hélice de Etzkowitz. O estudo refere-se a cooperações tecnológicas entre universidades e empresas e à apresentação de uma experiência de sucesso, em que a atuação conjunta de instituições distintas conduziu a ganhos tecnológicos para ambas as partes. Os dados foram levantados por meio de entrevistas individuais em profundidade com os coordenadores da pesquisa na universidade e na empresa. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram não apenas a eficiência do trabalho conjunto, mas também o sucesso da atuação cooperativa e a identificação, na prática, de novos posicionamentos levantados em estudos recentes. Desse modo, pode-se perceber por meio do estudo da experiência dessas instituições em uma cooperação tecnológica, a produtividade e eficiência do trabalho cooperativo universidadeempresa e suas possibilidades de contribuição ao desenvolvimento tecnológico do País.
Stakeholder management in the local government decision-making area: evidences from a triangulation study with the English local government
Authors: Gomes Ricardo Corrêa
Published: August 2009

The stakeholder theory has been in the management agenda for about thirty years and reservations about its acceptance as a comprehensive theory still remains. It was introduced as a managerial issue by the Labour Party in 1997 aiming to make public management more inclusive. This article aims to contribute to the stakeholder theory adding descriptive issues to its theoretical basis. The findings are derived from an inductive investigation carried out with English Local Authorities, which will most likely be reproduced in other contexts. Data collection and analysis is based on a data triangulation method that involves case-studies, interviews of validation and analysis of documents. The investigation proposes a model for representing the nature of the relationships between stakeholders and the decision-making process of such organizations. The decision-making of local government organizations is in fact a stakeholder-based process in which stakeholders are empowered to exert influences due to power over and interest in the organization's operations and outcomes.
Validação do instrumento Team Factors Inventory em empresas brasileiras
Authors: Gimenez Fernando Antonio Prado , Inácio Júnior Edmundo
Published: August 2009

O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a confiabilidade e validade da versão em português do instrumento denominado Team Factors Inventory/TFI. Este instrumento mede a propensão de uma equipe para a liderança criativa em sete fatores e consiste em um questionário de 37 perguntas dispostas em uma escala de Likert de cinco pontos. A metodologia abrangeu a revisão da literatura acerca da liderança criativa, a tradução do instrumento pelo método de backtranslation e a análise dos dados, utilizandose da estatística descritiva, testes de hipóteses, análises fatoriais e de variância, considerando as variáveis de controle sexo e empresas de base tecnológica e tradicional. A amostra foi de 114 respondentes, sendo 73 provenientes dos proprietários-gerentes de empresas residentes nas incubadoras tecnológicas do Estado do Paraná e 41 vindos de pequenas empresas prestadoras de serviço de Maringá. As análises estatísticas indicaram também que a versão em português do TFI obteve bons níveis de confiabilidade e validade. Isto significa que o TFI pode ser aplicado a um contexto cultural diverso do original, como o Brasil.
O reconto de histórias em crianças do espectro autístico: um estudo preliminar
Authors: Lira Juliana Onofre de , Tamanaha Ana Carina , Perissinoto Jacy , Osborn Ellen
Published: August 2009

RESUMO OBJETIVO: verificar a habilidade de crianças diagnosticadas como autistas ou com Síndrome de Asperger em recontar uma história. MÉTODOS: foram avaliados quatro meninos verbais, com idade entre cinco e dez anos, diagnosticados por equipe multidisciplinar com Autismo Infantil (2) e Síndrome de Asperger (2) e atendidos no Laboratório de Investigação Fonoaudiológica - Transtornos Globais do Desenvolvimento - Departamento de Fonoaudiologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). Foi utilizada a história "Urubu e as pombas", proposta por Golden revisada e adaptada por Antunes e col, que deveria ser reproduzida após a narrativa realizada pela avaliadora. A análise do desempenho lingüístico foi dividida em quantitativa através do número total de sentenças (nodos) reproduzidas (14 no total), e qualitativa pelo reconto dos temas centrais da história e a ocorrência de distorções (as alterações que podem ocorrer no reconto da história). RESULTADOS: foi verificado que o número de sentenças reproduzidas foi sete, em média. No entanto, é interessante notar que nem todos os nodos considerados tema central foram recontados. CONCLUSÃO: os resultados sugerem que a habilidade de memória textual evidenciada nos índices de reprodução das orações não foi suficiente para garantir compreensão da história, dada ausência de alguns nodos dos temas centrais no reconto realizado pelos sujeitos.
Capecitabine-Based Chemoradiotherapy with Adjuvant Capecitabine for Locally Advanced Squamous Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: Phase II Results
Authors: Domingo Efren , Lorvidhaya Vicharn , de los Reyes Rey , SyOrtin Teresa , Kamnerdsupaphon Pimkhuan , Lertbutsayanukul Chawalit , Vito-Cruz Erwin , Tharavichitkul Ekkasit , Jin Kate , Yoshihara Motoko , Cupino Nonette , Lertsanguansinchai Prasert
Published: August 2009

Objectives.

Cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer but causes considerable toxicity. Capecitabine and radiotherapy show preclinical synergy and clinical activity. The activity, tolerability, and oral administration of capecitabine make it an attractive adjunctive therapy.

Methods.

In this phase II study, patients with untreated International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IIB–IIIB cervical cancer received capecitabine, 825 mg/m2 twice daily (Monday–Friday), during radiation (45 Gy per 25 fractions external-beam radiotherapy and 26 Gy high-dose rate brachytherapy to point A, maximum 8 weeks), followed by six cycles of capecitabine, 1,000 mg/m2 twice daily (days 1–14 every 21 days).

Results.

The overall response rate in 60 patients was 88% (95% confidence interval [CI], 77.4%–95.2%), including complete responses (CRs) in 80% of patients. The 1-year progression-free and overall survival rates were 86% (95% CI, 77%–95%) and 95% (95% CI, 89%–100%), respectively. At 23 months, 76% of patients were progression free (95% CI, 65%–88%) and CR was maintained in 90% (95% CI, 81%–99%) of the 48 patients achieving a CR. There were three grade 3 or 4 treatment-related events: reversible grade 4 hypokalemia, grade 3 diarrhea, and grade 3 hand–foot syndrome.

Conclusions.

Capecitabine-based chemoradiotherapy with adjuvant capecitabine is a well-tolerated option with an early signal of efficacy meriting further evaluation.
Involvement of adiponectin and leptin in breast cancer: clinical and in vitro studies
Authors: Jardé T , Caldefie-Chézet F , Goncalves-Mendes N , Mishellany F , Buechler C , Penault-Llorca F , Vasson M P
Published: August 2009

Obesity is a risk factor for breast cancer development. A recent hypothesis suggests that the adipokines, adiponectin and leptin, are involved in breast cancer development. This prompted us to investigate the role of adiponectin and leptin in mammary carcinogenesis. Adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) and leptin receptor (Ob-Rt, representing all the isoforms of Ob-R) proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry in in situ ductal carcinoma, invasive ductal malignancy, and healthy adjacent tissue. In addition, mRNA expression of adiponectin, AdipoR1, AdipoR2, leptin, Ob-Rt, and Ob-Rl (the long isoform of Ob-R) was observed in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Interestingly, leptin mRNA expression was 34.7-fold higher than adiponectin mRNA expression in the MCF-7 cell line. Moreover, adiponectin (10 μg/ml) tended to decrease the mRNA expression of leptin (−36%) and Ob-Rl (−28%) and significantly decreased Ob-Rt mRNA level (−26%). In contrast, leptin treatment (1 μg/ml) significantly decreased AdipoR1 mRNA (−23%). Adiponectin treatment (10 μg/ml) inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells, whereas leptin (1 μg/ml) stimulated the growth of cancer cells. In addition, adiponectin inhibited leptin-induced cell proliferation (both 1 μg/ml). Using microarray analysis, we found that adiponectin reduced the mRNA levels of genes involved in cell cycle regulation (mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 and ATM), apoptosis (BAG1, BAG3, and TP53), and potential diagnosis/prognosis markers (ACADS, CYP19A1, DEGS1, and EVL), whereas leptin induced progesterone receptor mRNA expression. In conclusion, the current study indicates an interaction of leptin- and adiponectin-signaling pathways in MCF-7 cancer cells whose proliferation is stimulated by leptin and suppressed by adiponectin.
Microcavity white‐emitting OLED devices
Authors: Cok Ronald S. , Shore Joel D.
Published: August 2009

Abstract— Microcavity designs for OLED devices with an unpatterned white emitter have the potential to provide greater brightness and larger color gamut than non‐microcavity designs while still enabling lower‐cost large‐format manufacturing. In this paper, such microcavity and non‐microcavity designs are compared. Color filters must still be employed to provide an adequate color gamut. Top‐emitter structures have somewhat greater on‐axis luminance and color gamut, but increased angular change, than bottom‐emitter designs. In a single‐stack bottom‐emitter active‐matrix TFT device using an RGBW format, the use of microcavities is estimated to reduce the average power usage by 35% and the peak power by 58%, while increasing the NTSC ratio for color gamut area by about 10%. Angular luminance and color change is likely to be acceptable, especially for hand‐held applications. Tandem devices employing multiple emitter stacks increase the lifetime of OLED devices but require larger driving voltages; for such devices, microcavity structures are useful although the percentage reduction obtained in power usage is not quite as large. Generally, tandem devices with microcavities have a slightly stronger cavity effect yielding slightly larger color gamut, but also greater angular color and luminance shift. Therefore, microcavity architectures are less appealing for tandem devices.
Analysis of electro‐optical properties of polymer‐stabilized OCB and the application to TFT‐LCDs
Authors: Kizu Yuko , Hasegawa Ray , Amemiya Isao , Uchikoga Shuichi , Wakemoto Hirofumi
Published: August 2009

Abstract— A 9‐in. full‐color polymer‐stabilized OCB TFT‐LCD with stable bend alignment in the absence of an electric field was developed. The condition of the polymer stabilization, the characteristics of UV‐curable monomers, and their influence on the configurations of the polymer network in the cell were studied. Possible models of the configuration were proposed and their relationship to the electro‐optical properties was analyzed using a novel simulation method considering the distribution of anchoring effects from both alignment surfaces and the polymer network. It was suggested that a good performance such as high contrast ratio and fast response could be expected in the polymer network originating from newly developed monomers composed of multifunctional LC acrylates due to a relatively weak‐anchoring effect and presumably its localization near the alignment surfaces. By using the newly developed monomers under the optimized polymer‐stabilizing process, a high contrast ratio of 250:1 and fast response nearly equal to that of a conventional OCB cell were achieved.
Effects of ambient illuminance on users' visual performance using various electronic displays
Authors: Wang An‐Hsiang , Kuo Hui‐Tzu , Jeng Shie‐Chang
Published: August 2009

Abstract— This study investigated the effect of ambient illuminance (50, 500, 1500, 3000, 6000, and 9000 lx) on participants' visual performance using four electronic displays (conventional LCD under transmissive mode, conventional LCD under reflective mode, Ch‐LC display, and E‐ink display). Analysis results indicate that participants' visual performance shows significant difference under various ambient illuminance and electronic displays. The interaction between ambient illuminance and electronic display also has significant effect on participants' visual performance. When participants use the conventional LCD under transmissive mode, ambient luminance has no significant effect on participants' visual performance. However, participants' visual performance is significantly different under various ambient illuminances using the conventional LCD under reflective mode, Ch‐LC display, and E‐ink display. The conventional LCD under transmissive mode is the only choice at a lower illuminance of 50 lx. Higher illuminance (500 lx) for E‐ink displays may result in as good a performance as the conventional LCD under transmissive mode; nevertheless, much higher illuminance (1500 lx) for the conventional LCD under reflectance mode and Ch‐LC display may achieve better performance.
Effect of experimental methodology on the JND of the black level for natural images
Authors: Qin ShaoLing , Ge Shu , Yin HanChun , Liu Lu , Heynderickx Ingrid
Published: August 2009

Abstract— The effect of experimental methodology on the Just Noticeable Difference (JND) of the black level (BL) is assessed using a set of representative natural images. Two methodologies, known in psychophysics to determine JNDs, are mutually compared: an adapted method of adjustment with a same‐difference task and a one‐up‐two‐down staircase method with a two‐alternative forced‐choice task. Thus far, the literature has shown contradictory results for which of the two methods yields the lower difference thresholds. Experimental results show that the second method yields lower JNDs, but is slightly less efficient. Based on this second method, it was found that the JND of the BL for natural images ranges from 0.2 to 1.0 cd/m2, varying with image content significantly.
Aquatic toxicity of sertraline toPimephales promelasat environmentally relevant surface water pH
Authors: Valenti Theodore W. , Perez-Hurtado Pilar , Chambliss C. Kevin , Brooks Bryan W.
Published: August 2009

Researchers recognize that ionization state may influence the biological activity of weak acids and bases. Dissociation in aqueous solutions is controlled by the pKa of a compound and the pH of the matrix. Because many pharmaceuticals are implicitly designed as ionizable compounds, site-specific variability in pH of receiving waters may introduce uncertainty to ecological risk assessments. The present study employed 48-h and 7-d toxicity tests with Pimephales promelas exposed to the model weak base pharmaceutical sertraline over a gradient of environmentally relevant surface water pHs. The 48-h experiments were completed in triplicate, and the average lethal concentration values were 647, 205, and 72 μL sertraline at pH 6.5, 7.5, and 8.5, respectively. Survivorship, growth, and feeding rate (a nontraditional endpoint linked by other researchers to sertraline's specific mode of action) were monitored during the 7-d experiment. Adverse effects were more pronounced when individuals were exposed to sertraline at pH 8.5 compared to pH 7.5 and 6.5. The pH-dependent toxicological relationships from these studies were related to in-stream pH data for two streams in the Brazos River basin of central Texas, USA. This predictive approach was taken because of the scarcity of environmental analytical data for sertraline. The results of this study emphasized temporal variability associated with in-stream pH linked to seasonal differences within and between these spatially related systems. Relating site-specific pH variability of surface waters to ionization state may allow researchers to reduce uncertainty during ecological risk assessment of pharmaceuticals by improving estimates of biological effects associated with exposure.
Designing Well Fluids for the Ormen Lange Gas Project, Right on the Edge
Authors: Vickers Stephen , Hutton Alistair , Lund Arne , McKay Ian , Van Kranenburg Aart , Twycross Jean
Published: August 2009

The challenges in developing the Ormen Lange field were the harsh weather conditions, deepwater depth, subsea topography and subzero seabed temperatures. Due to environmental constraints and the selected sandface completion type, a water-based fluid system was required. This paper discusses the design of the fluids to give full hydrate inhibition, maximize breaker effectiveness, provide low overbalance, and reduce corrosion risk. An extensive research and development program was initiated that spanned over two years. The study included bridging and chemical component selection, brine evaluation, hydrate suppression measurement, elastomers compatibility, extensive breaker treatment studies, formation damage measurements using actual reservoir core and long term corrosion testing. An in-situ generating acid/enzyme breaker treatment deployed in the gravel-pack carrier fluid was developed to optimize filter-cake cleanup while providing a noncorrosive environment for the selected gravel-pack screens and lower completion metallurgy. The basis of design and knowledge gained in the laboratory testing phase was transferred to the field, and the first three wells of the initial development phase have been drilled and completed trouble free. The resulting production rates have met expected targets proving low formation damage and an efficient cleanup was achieved.
Building a Networked Environment in Wikis: The Evolving Phases of Collaborative Learning in a Wikibook Project
Authors: Lin Hong , Kelsey Kathleen D.
Published: August 2009

Wikis, when used as an open editing tool, can have profound and subtle effects on students' collaborative learning process. Hailed as a collaborative learning and writing tool, many questions remain regarding the pedagogical impacts of using wikis in the classroom. Do students feel comfortable editing each others' wiki articles? Do students learn collaboratively and construct knowledge for the community? What challenges did they experience in a networked environment? This study addressed these questions using qualitative methods, including multiple semi-structured interviews and student reflective journals, for analysis. The findings challenge idealistic hypotheses that wiki work, without careful design and implementation, is naturally beneficial. It was also found that collaborative writing and learning were the exception rather than the norm among participants in the early stages of wiki work. It is recommended that instructors provide highly supportive learning experiences to teach students how to use wikis and how to work collaboratively when implementing wikis to maximize the benefits of this emerging tool.
Amifostine (WR2721) Confers DNA Protection toin VivoCisplatin-Treated Murine Peripheral Blood Leukocytes
Authors: González E. A. Prieto , Fuchs A. G. , Sánchez González S.
Published: August 2009

Amifostine [S-2-3-aminopropil amino ethyl phosphorotioic acid], a modulator agent for antineoplastic drugs involved in free radicals generation has given controversial results in cisplatin treated leukocytes in vitro. We have evaluated the amifostine protection over leukocytes in vivo, using comet assay. Groups of five OF1 male mice were given one of three doses of amifostine (56, 105 and 200 mg/Kg) after a cisplatin single injection (10 mg/Kg). Serum malonyldialdehide levels, catalase and superoxide dismutase activity were also evaluated. Amifostine showed significant DNA protection (p< 0.01) at the two lower doses evaluated. Malonyldildehide decreased in all amifostine treatments with respect to cisplatin while antioxidant enzyme activities remained unchanged. However, DNA migration increased with the highest amifostine dose; in fact highest dose of amifostine did no protect damage caused by cisplatin this result have implications on amifostine treatment schedules in clinical practice.
Interaction between Short-Term Heat Pretreatment and Avermectin on 2nd Instar Larvae of Diamondback Moth, Plutella Xylostella (LINN)
Authors: Gu Xiaojun , Tian Sufen , Wang Dehui , Gao Fei
Published: August 2009

Based on the cooperative virulence index ( c.f.), the interaction effect between short-term heat pretreatment and avermectin on 2nd instar larvae of diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus), was assessed. The results suggested that the interaction results between short-term heat pretreatment and avermectin on the tested insects varied with temperature level as well as its duration and avermectin concentration. Interaction between heat pretreatment at 30°C and avermectin mainly resulted in addition. Meanwhile, pretreatment at 35°C for 2 or 4 h could antagonize the toxicity of avermectin at lower concentrations, which indicated a hormetic effect occurred. The results indicate that cooperative virulence index ( c.f.) may be adopted in hormetic effect assessment.
An Exploration of Job Stress Among Academic Heads in Taiwanese Universities
Authors: Chang Cheng-Ping , Tseng Ya-Mei
Published: August 2009

An increasing number of colleges and universities are focusing on general issues, thus presenting teachers with new challenges with regard to both pedagogy and expertise. Pertinent literature was reviewed to establish the research basis on which this study rests. Important theories
were investigated via questionnaires exploring job stress distributed to academic heads at the 29 technological universities in Taiwan. SPSS, including descriptive statistics, t tests, one-way ANOVA, Tukey's posthoc comparison and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used to analyze
the results according to the backgrounds of subjects and their perceptions of job stress.
Guilt Versus Shame: Distinguishing the Two Emotions from a Chinese Perspective
Authors: Zou Zhimin , Wang Dengfeng
Published: August 2009

The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between two self-emotions (guilt and shame) and self from a Chinese perspective. In a 2 x 2 experiment conducted with 72 Chinese college students, the outcomes showed that by priming a big-me self-condition, participants would be
likely to feel more guilt than shame; whereas by priming a little-me self-condition, participants reported more shame than guilt. The findings are important to distinguish the two self-emotions and also shed a light on the relationship between self-emotion and self.
The Effect of Attitudes Towards the Budgetary Process on Attitudes Towards Budgetary Slack and Behaviors to Create Budgetary Slack
Authors: Huang Cheng-Li , Chen Mien-Ling
Published: August 2009

In this study more positive attitudes towards the budgetary process are examined to see whether or not these cause less favorable attitudes towards budgetary slack, and whether less favorable attitudes towards budgetary slack causes or are caused by behaviors intended to create budgetary
slack. The effects are tested using a structural equation model based on questionnaire data gained from 216 Taiwanese managers. The results indicate that more positive attitudes towards the budgetary process result in attitudes less favorable towards budgetary slack. A more favorable attitude
towards budgetary slack predicts more frequent incidence of behavior to create budgetary slack and vice versa. The results suggest that the best way to diminish managerial budgetary slack behaviors is to instill in managers more positive attitudes toward the budgetary process and less favorable
attitudes towards budgetary slack.
Associations Between the Religious Beliefs and Ethical-Reasoning Abilities of Future Accounting Professionals
Authors: Ho Yi-Hui
Published: August 2009

This paper was aimed at examining the associations between the ethical-reasoning abilities and religious beliefs of accounting students. The accounting-specific Defining Issues Test (Rest, 1979) was used to assess participants' ethical reasoning abilities. Results revealed significant
associations between religious beliefs and ethical reasoning abilities. Accounting students with religious beliefs revealed higher levels of ethical reasoning abilities than their counterparts who did not hold religious beliefs. However, no significant difference in ethical-reasoning abilities
was found among respondents with different religions overall.
The Bride is Keeping her Name: A 35-Year Retrospective Analysis of Trends and Correlates
Authors: Kopelman Richard E. , Shea-Van Fossen Rita J. , Paraskevas Eletherios , Lawter Leanna , Prottas David J.
Published: August 2009

We used data obtained from wedding announcements in the New York Times newspaper from 1971 through 2005 (N = 2,400) to test 9 hypotheses related to brides' decisions to change or retain their maiden names upon marriage. As predicted, a trend was found in brides keeping their
surname, and correlates included the bride's occupation, education, age, and the type of ceremony (religious versus nonsectarian). Partial support was found for the following correlates: officiants representing different religions, brides with one or both parents deceased, and brides whose
parents had divorced or separated. There was mixed support for the hypothesis that a photograph of the bride alone would signal a lower incidence of name keeping. Results indicated that 14 out of the 30 hypothesized directional planned comparisons were statistically significant after Bonferroni
adjustment.
Exploring Facets of a Social Network to Explicate the Status of Social Support and Its Effects on Stress
Authors: Lin Chia Hsun
Published: August 2009

International Chinese five-year junior college students were examined with regard to the status of actual social support and perceived stress, the relationship between actual social support and perceived stress, and the status of a social network, in order to explain how actual social
support operates. Sixty-four students from a population of 313 responded to the questionnaires which included the Actual Social Support Scale (Jou, 1994), the Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein, 1983), and the Measure of Social Support Network Scale (Blyth & Traeger,
1988). Results showed that students in Taiwan exhibit higher perceived stress and experience lower actual social support, higher actual social support may result in lower perceived stress, and the students' social network was limited to segregation with international Chinese college students
in Taiwan. This suggests that more social contact with local people may help students to enlarge their social network, thus offering better social support for alleviating perceived stress.
The Relationship Between Self-Compassion, Self-Efficacy, and Control Belief about Learning in Turkish University Students
Authors: Iskender Murat
Published: August 2009

In the present study, aims were (1) to determine gender differences in self-compassion, self-efficacy, and control belief for learning and (2) to examine the relationships between self-compassion, self-efficacy, and control belief for learning. Participants were 390 university students
who completed a questionnaire package that included the Self-Compassion Scale, the Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Control Belief for Learning Scale. Results showed that there were no significant gender differences in self-compassion, self-efficacy, and control belief for learning. In correlation
analysis, self-kindness correlated positively with self-efficacy and control belief for learning; self-judgment had a negative correlation with self-efficacy. Awareness of common humanity had positive correlations with self-efficacy and control belief for learning, and had negative correlations
with self-judgment. On the other hand, isolation was associated negatively with self-efficacy and self-kindness, and positively with self-judgment. Mindfulness related positively to self-efficacy, and control belief for learning, and it was negatively related to self-judgment and isolation.
Finally, it was found that over-identification had a negative correlation with self-efficacy and self-kindness, but positive correlations with self-judgment and isolation.
Near-field scanning optical microscopy local luminescence studies of rhodamine dye
Authors: Klapetek Petr , Bujdák Juraj , Buršík Jiří
Published: August 2009

This article presents results of near-field scanning optical microscope measurement of local luminescence of rhodamine 3B intercalated in montmorillonite samples. We focus on how local topography affects both the excitation and luminescence signals and resulting optical artifacts. The Finite Difference in Time Domain method (FDTD) is used to model the electromagnetic field distribution of the full tip-sample geometry including far-field radiation. Even complex problems like localized luminescence can be simulated computationally using FDTD and these simulations can be used to separate the luminescence signal from topographic artifacts.
Solutions of the perturbed KdV equation for convecting fluids by factorizations
Authors: Cornejo-Pérez Octavio , Rosu Haret
Published: August 2009

In this paper, we obtain some new explicit travelling wave solutions of the perturbed KdV equation through recent factorization techniques that can be performed when the coefficients of the equation fulfill a certain condition. The solutions are obtained by using a two-step factorization procedure through which the perturbed KdV equation is reduced to a nonlinear second order differential equation, and to some Bernoulli and Abel type differential equations whose solutions are expressed in terms of the exponential andWeierstrass functions.
Application of Overlapping Mesh in Numerical Hydrodynamics
Authors: Panahi Roozbeh , Shafieefar Mehdi
Published: August 2009

Application of Overlapping Mesh in Numerical Hydrodynamics

A Finite Volume (FV) algorithm is presented to investigate two-dimensional hydrodynamic problems including viscous free surface flow interaction with free rigid bodies in the case of large and/or relative motions. Two-phase flow with complex deformations at the interface is simulated using a fractional stepvolume of fluid algorithm while it is also capable of representing a high quality wave tank, according to implemented temporal discretisation. Rigid body motions are also captured using two overset meshes. Flow variables are transferred using a simple fully implicit non-conservative interpolation scheme which maintains the second-order accuracy of implemented spatial discretisation. A code is developed and an appropriate set of problems are investigated. Results show a good potential to develop a virtual hydrodynamics laboratory.
Accuracy analysis of stowing computations for securing non-standard cargoes on ships according to IMO CSS Code
Authors: Kabaciński Jerzy , Wiśnicki Bogusz
Published: August 2009

Accuracy analysis of stowing computations for securing non-standard cargoes on ships according to IMO CSS Code

The article takes up a subject of effectiveness of securing arrangements while stowing non-standard cargoes on ships. Accuracy analysis of stowing calculations was based on procedures proposed by Code of Safe Practice for Cargo Stowage and Securing - CSS Code. Detailed calculations of forces and moments related to lashings, which prevents non-standard cargo against transverse tipping, were performed. Some simplifications were proven that may result in underestimating or overstating the calculated righting moment, which decides of safety margin of securing non-standard cargoes. The alternative more reliable procedure, without simplifications, was proposed.
The Influence of pH of Nutrient Solution On Yield and Nutritional Status of Tomato Plants Grown in Soilless Culture System
Authors: Dyśko Jacek , Kowalczyk Waldemar , Kaniszewski stanisław
Published: August 2009

The Influence of pH of Nutrient Solution On Yield and Nutritional Status of Tomato Plants Grown in Soilless Culture System

The aim of the studies conducted in the years 2004-2006 was determination the influence of nutrient solution of different pH on the yield and nutritional status of tomato plants grown in soilless culture in organic and inert medium. Tomato plants were grown on slabs made of shredded rye straw and on slabs of peat and rockwool. The plants were fertilized with standard nutrient solution of different pH: 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5. Nutrient solution pH and the kind of applied growing substrates were exerted significantly influence on the height of total and marketable yield of tomato cv. Blitz F1. Early yield was not depended on pH of nutrient solution and the kind of using substrates. The highest total and marketable yield was observed in tomato grown in rockwool slabs. For all the growing media, the highest yield of tomatoes was obtained after feeding the plants with the nutrient solution of pH 5.5. The kind of growing substrates and pH of nutrient solution were significantly differenced the nutritional status of tomato plants. Despite of considerable differentiation of means concentration of mineral nutrient in tomato leaves, the plant growth and development were proper. Concentration of mineral nutrients was comprised at the optimum range of nutritional status of tomato plants. The pH of nutrient solution at the range of 4.5-6.0 was not exerted significantly influence on nutritional status of tomato plants with nitrogen, potassium and magnesium. With the increase of the pH nutrient solution the average phosphorus, iron and manganese content was decreased. The higher concentration of nitrogen, calcium and magnesium was occurred in tomato plants cultivated in organic substrates than in rockwool. The phosphorus and manganese content was higher in the leaves of tomato plants grown in rockwool compared to those in the organic media. Tomato plants grown in the straw substrate contained lower concentrations of potassium and iron and more calcium in comparison to peat.
Quality of Carrots Grown for Processing as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Harvest Term
Authors: Gajewski Marek , Węglarz Zenon , Sereda Anna , Bajer Marta , Kuczkowska Agnieszka , Majewski Michał
Published: August 2009

Quality of Carrots Grown for Processing as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Harvest Term

In 2007-2008 the effect of nitrogen fertilization and harvest term on quality of two carrot cultivars was investigated. The field experiment was carried out in Żelazna Experimental Station of Warsaw University of Life Sciences. Karotan F1 and Trafford F1 cultivars, commonly grown for juice industry, were the objects of the experiment. Carrot seeds were sown at the beginning of May. Nitrogen fertilization was applied in five rates, ranged from 0 to 120 kg·ha-1 and in two terms — before sowing and in the middle of growing season. Roots were harvested in three terms: mid-September, mid-October and the first decade of November. After harvest there were determined: nitrates (NO3) content in carrot roots and juice, soluble solids, colour parameters of juice in CIE L*a*b* system. The dose and the term of nitrogen fertilization influenced nitrates content in carrots, and the highest NO3 concentration was found in carrots fertilized with 120 kg·ha-1 of N before sowing. Karotan showed higher nitrates accumulation than Trafford. The content of nitrates in the roots was markedly higher than in carrot juice. Nitrates content in carrots decreased with delaying of harvest time, in opposite to soluble solids content. Soluble solids content and colour parameters of carrot juice were not affected by nitrogen fertilization, but the lowest L*, a* and b* values were observed at the last term of harvest.
The Effect of Irrigation Methods on the Yield of Pickling Cucumber
Authors: Spiżewski Tomasz , Knaflewski Mikołaj
Published: August 2009

The Effect of Irrigation Methods on the Yield of Pickling Cucumber

The effects of drip irrigation combined with fertigation and sprinkler irrigation combined with broadcast fertilisation on the yield of pickling cucumber were compared in an experiment carried out over three years. The control treatment was broadcast fertilised and did not receive any irrigation.

For the three years, on average, no difference in the yields of cucumber was found between sprinkler and drip irrigated plants; however, in one year the yield of the drip irrigated crop was higher. The percentage of fruit of pickling size was higher and the non-marketable yield lower when cucumber plants were drip irrigated. Drip irrigation was more efficient than sprinkler irrigation. Irrigation decreased the total sugar and vitamin C content, but there was no difference between drip and sprinkler irrigation.
The Effect of Cultivation Method on the Macronutrients Content of Shallot Bulbs (Allium Ascalonicum L.)
Authors: Francke Anna , Klasa Andrzej
Published: August 2009

The Effect of Cultivation Method on the Macronutrients Content of Shallot Bulbs (Allium Ascalonicum L.)

A field experiments were carried out in 2005-2007 at the Experimental Station of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. The experiments were set up in a split-plot design, in four replications. Plants were grown in typical black earth soil of quality class IIIb, cereal-fodder strong complex. The first experimental factor was the cultivation method. In the first year of the study, shallot were grown by direct seeding and from seedlings, while small bulbs (Ø 16-20 mm) were additionally introduced in the second year of the experiment. Cultivars were the second experimental factor. The analyzed material consisted of two hybrid shallot cultivars: Bonilla F1 and Matador F1. A total of 100 plants were grown in experimental plots with an area of 3 m2, with 30 × 10 cm spacing.

Shallots were harvested when the foliage on approximately 60 to 70% of plants have collapsed. Plant material (bulbs) was assayed for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium concentrations. The highest total nitrogen levels were determined in shallot bulbs grown from seedlings, while shallots bulbs grown from seeds were most abundant in phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Significantly higher nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were observed in the bulbs of cv. Matador F1, while Bonilla F1 bulbs showed significantly higher levels of potassium, calcium and magnesium.

Favorable Ca:Mg ratios, narrow Ca:P ratios and wide K:Mg, K:(Ca+Mg) and K:Ca ratios were noted in all experimental variants.
Stochastic hydrogeological modelling of fractured rocks: a generic case study in the Mórágy Granite Formation (South Hungary)
Authors: Benedek Kálmán , Dankó Gyula
Published: August 2009

Stochastic hydrogeological modelling of fractured rocks: a generic case study in the Mórágy Granite Formation (South Hungary)

In connection with the Hungarian radioactive waste disposal program a detailed study of the mass properties of the potential host rock (granite) has been carried out. Using the results of this study the various parameters (orientation, length, intensity, transmissivity, etc.) describing a fracture set were estimated on the basis of statistical considerations. These estimates served as basic input parameters for stochastic hydrogeological modelling of discrete fracture networks (DFN), which is a strongly developing area of hydrology, providing geologically realistic geometry for site investigations. The synthetic fracture systems generated were tested against some (but not all) field observations. The models built up on the basis of the statistical descriptions showed the same equivalent hydraulic conductivity for the modelled region as the field measurements. In addition, the models reproduce the observed hydraulic head-scattering along vertical boreholes. On the basis of the stochastic simulations of the fracture system some input parameters for the performance assessment of the planned repository were investigated. Calculation of flows into a planned disposal tunnel indicated that if the hydraulic conductivity of the material in the tunnel is the only variable parameter then there are two thresholds: under 1×10-9m/s and above 1×10-5m/s further change of the hydraulic conductivity does not dramatically affect the inflow.
Microseismic identification of geological and tectonic structures in the Komjatice Depression (Western Carpathians)
Authors: Kalinina Anna , Ammosov Sergey , Volkov Viktor , Volkov Nikolay , Hók Jozef , Brimich Ladislav , Šujan Martin
Published: August 2009

Microseismic identification of geological and tectonic structures in the Komjatice Depression (Western Carpathians)

The microseismic survey method was applied to the study of the geological structures in the region around the Mochovce nuclear power plant. The previous geological and geophysical investigations considered a contact between the Miocene volcanites and sediments as a neotectonic fault. The results of the microseismic investigations allow us to interpret the zone of a supposed neotectonic fault as a transgressive contact of the sediments and the volcanic rocks without a tectonic disruption.
Gastrochaenolites hospitium isp. nov., trace fossil by a coral-associated boring bivalve from the Eocene and Miocene of Austria
Authors: Kleemann Karl
Published: August 2009

Gastrochaenolites hospitiumisp. nov., trace fossil by a coral-associated boring bivalve from the Eocene and Miocene of Austria

Gastrochaenolites hospitiumisp. nov. is a domichnial boring showing the so-called false floors in scleractinian coral skeletons. The borings are semi-circular in mid-longitudinal section. They are produced by the mytilidLithophaga (Leiosolenus) and keep up with further growth of their hosts for years. The false floors, being a retrusive equilibrium trace, are related to annual events.