bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An analysis of students’ levels of sports commitment at a school of physical education and sports
Authors:   Faculty of Sport Sciences, Yozgat Bozok University, Turkey, Yildirim Mehmet
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study is to examine sports commitment levels of the students studying in the school of physical education and sports. The universe of the research consists of students studying in different programs at the School of Physical Education and Sports at Yozgat Bozok University in the 2019-2020 academic year. The sample of the research consists of 360 students determined by using the sampling technique among the students studying in different programs at the School of Physical Education and Sports at Yozgat Bozok University. As a data collection tool in the research, information on the demographic characteristics of the participants was obtained through the "Personal Information Form". The data for determining the level of loyalty of the participants were obtained through the "Sports Commitment Scale", which was adapted to Turkish by Sırgancı, Ilgar and Cihan (2019) developed by Schaufeli and Bakker (2004). Normality analyzes were carried out before starting the analysis of the data. In statistical analysis, frequency, percentage, arithmetic mean, t-test, ANOVA analysis and multiple comparison tests were used. As a result of the analyzes carried out; There were statistically significant differences between levels of the sports commitment according to the variables of the class, the year of sports and doing active sports under license (p < .05). 1st and 2nd Those who study in the classroom have a higher level of commitment to sports than those in grade 3, those who have 7 years or more to do sports for 1 year or less, and those who still do not do sports under license. According to gender, department and sports branch variables, no statistically significant differences were found between sports commitment levels (p > .05).
Artificial Intelligence and Healthcare Regulatory and Legal Concerns
Authors: Ganapathy Krishnan
Published: April 2021

We are in a stage of transition as artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being used in healthcare across the world. Transitions offer opportunities compounded with difficulties. It is universally accepted that regulations and the law can never keep up with the exponential growth of technology. This paper discusses liability issues when AI is deployed in healthcare. Ever-changing, futuristic, user friendly, uncomplicated regulatory requirements promoting compliance and adherence are needed. Regulators have to understand that software itself could be a software as a medical device (SaMD). Benefits of AI could be delayed if slow, expensive clinical trials are mandated. Regulations should distinguish between diagnostic errors, malfunction of technology, or errors due to initial use of inaccurate/inappropriate data as training data sets. The sharing of responsibility and accountability when implementation of an AI-based recommendation causes clinical problems is not clear. Legislation is necessary to allow apportionment of damages consequent to malfunction of an AI-enabled system. Product liability is ascribed to defective equipment and medical devices. However, Watson, the AI-enabled supercomputer, is treated as a consulting physician and not categorised as a product. In India, algorithms cannot be patented. There are no specific laws enacted to deal with AI in healthcare. DISHA or the Digital Information Security in Healthcare Act when implemented in India would hopefully cover some issues. Ultimately, the law is interpreted contextually and perceptions could be different among patients, clinicians and the legal system. This communication is to create the necessary awareness among all stakeholders.
The Mobile Teleophthalmology Unit in Rural and Underserved Areas of South India
Authors: John Sheila , Allimuthu Lavanya , Kannan Ranjitha , BabuSekar Ramesh , Mathiyazahan Martin Manoj , Appasamy Padmavathy , Srinivasan Sangeetha
Published: April 2021

Objective: Our objective was to provide an eye care service to rural and underserved areas in Chennai, Kanchipuram, and Thiruvallur districts of Tamil Nadu, South India.
Design: We conducted eye camps to provide ophthalmic services to the underserved and rural areas, where people cannot afford to go to a hospital due to lack of accessibility, lack of awareness, or financial constraints.
Setting: The study was conducted in rural and underserved areas of Thiruvallur, Chennai, and Kanchipuram districts from January 2015 to December 2019.
Participants: Patients (N = 1,05,827) underwent comprehensive eye examination in eye camps with the state-of-art ophthalmic equipment.
Main outcome measures: To report on the number of patients examined, number of eye disorders screened, and different types of ocular pathology screened, all clinical findings were recorded and all ocular images were uploaded in the electronic medical records. All patients with ocular diseases underwent teleconsultation with an ophthalmologist at the base hospital with internet connectivity. Video conferencing and teleconsultation were feasible only in areas with good internet connectivity.
Results: Over the 5-year study period, 1,05,827 patients underwent eye evaluation at 1,061 eye camps. Among these, 48,354 (45.7%) patients were males, 57,473 (54.3%) patients were females, 15,515 patients were emmetropes. The most common cause of avoidable blindness was uncorrected refractive error detected in 66,137 eyes, referable cataract was seen in 13,536 eyes, 2,491 eyes were identified to have retinal diseases, and there were 789 patients with only diabetic retinopathy, thus totaling to 3,280 comprising of all retinal disease. 2424 patients received teleconsultations. For further investigations and treatment, which were provided free of cost, patients were referred to the base hospital in Chennai. There were 6,309 patients who received free spectacles and an additional 31,192 patients received spectacles at a low cost; 13,536 patients had referable cataract and were referred to the base hospital for further evaluation and surgery.
Conclusions: Teleophthalmology holds great potential to overcome barriers, improve quality, access, and affordability to eye care, and has proven to be an innovative means of taking comprehensive eye care facilities to the doorsteps of rural India.
Differential expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: April 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4, PDK4, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. PDK4 was also differentially expressed in the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer. PDK4 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of PDK4 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with luminal A subtype cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by molecular subtype. PDK4 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
The Influence of Lubrication and the Solid-fluid Interaction on Thermodynamic Properties in a Nanoscopic Scratching Process
Authors: Stephan Simon , Dyga Maximilian , Urbassek Herbert , Hasse Hans
Published: April 2021

Liquid lubricants play an important role in contact processes; for example, they reduce friction and cool the contact zone. To gain better understanding of the influence of lubrication on the nanoscale, both dry and lubricated scratching processes in a model system are compared in the present work using molecular dynamics simulations. The entire range between total dewetting and total wetting is investigated by tuning the solid–fluid interaction energy. The investigated scratching process consists of three sequential movements: A cylindrical indenter penetrates an initially flat substrate, then scratches in the lateral direction, and is finally retracted out of the contact with the substrate. The indenter is fully submersed in the fluid in the lubricated cases. The substrate, the indenter, and the fluid are described by suitably parametrized Lennard–Jones model potentials. The presence of the lubricant is found to have a significant influence on the friction and on the energy balance of the process. The thermodynamic properties of the lubricant are evaluated in detail. A correlation of the simulation results for the profiles of the temperature, density, and pressure of the fluid in the vicinity of the chip is developed. The work done by the indenter is found to mainly dissipate and thereby heat up the substrate and eventually the fluid. Only a minor part of the work causes plastic deformation of the substrate.
Differential expression of teashirt zinc finger homeobox 2 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: April 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding teashirt zinc finger homeobox 2, TSHZ2, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. TSHZ2 was also differentially expressed in the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer. TSHZ2 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of TSHZ2 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with basal subtype cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by molecular subtype. TSHZ2 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Application of NEAT for Determining the Composition Dependence of Activity Coefficients in Poorly Specified Mixtures
Authors: Jirasek Fabian , Burger Jakob , Hasse Hans
Published: April 2021

Poorly specified mixtures, of which the composition is only partially known, are important in many fields. In a recent work of our group, the method NEAT for estimating activity coefficients of target components in such mixtures was introduced. In the present work, it is shown that based on a single NMR analysis of a poorly specified mixture not only the activity coefficient of the target component in that mixture but also its composition dependence can be predicted with NEAT. Hence, based on a single NMR analysis, the activity coefficient of the target component in many mixtures can be predicted with NEAT. This is possible, if the unknown part of the mixture remains unchanged, which is the case e.g. when the target component is selectively removed or when a known solvent is added or removed. The approach is successfully tested using several aqueous test mixtures.
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is not significantly linked to COVID-19 vaccines or non-COVID vaccines in a large multi-state US health system
Authors: Pawlowski Colin , Rincón-Hekking John , Awasthi Samir , Pandey Viral , Lenehan Patrick , Venkatakrishnan AJ , Bade Sairam , O'Horo John C , Virk Abinash , Swift Melanie D. , Williams Amy W. , Gores Gregory J. , Badley Andrew D. , Halamka John , Soundararajan Venky
Published: April 2021

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) has been reported in a small number of individuals who have received the mRNA vaccines1 or the adenoviral vector vaccines for COVID-19 in the US2 and Europe3. Continued pharmacovigilance is integral to mitigating the risk of rare adverse events that clinical trials are underpowered to detect, however, these anecdotal reports have led to the pause or withdrawal of some vaccines in many jurisdictions and exacerbated vaccine hesitancy at a critical moment in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated the frequencies of CVST seen among individuals who received FDA-authorized COVID-19 vaccines from Pfizer-BioNTech (n = 94,818 doses), Moderna (n = 36,350 doses) and Johnson & Johnson - J&J (n = 1,745 doses), and among individuals receiving one of 10 FDA-approved non-COVID-19 vaccines (n = 771,805 doses). Comparing the incidence rates of CVST in 30-day time windows before and after vaccination, we found no statistically significant differences for the COVID-19 vaccines or any other vaccines studied in this population. In total, we observed 3 cases of CVST within the 30 days following Pfizer-BioNTech vaccination (2 females, 1 male; Ages (years): [79, 80, 84]), including one individual with a prior history of thrombosis and another individual with recent trauma in the past 30 days. We did not observe any cases of CVST among the patients receiving Moderna or J&J vaccines in this study population. We further found the baseline CVST incidence in the study population between 2017 and 2021 to be 45 to 98 per million patient years. Overall, this real-world evidence-based study highlights that CVST is rare and is not significantly associated with COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, there is a need for a concerted international effort to monitor EHR data across diverse patient populations and to investigate the underlying biological mechanisms leading to these rare clotting events.
STRATEGI GURU DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: rahmawati Ida
Published: April 2021

Artikel ini berisi tentang bagaimana strategi guru dalam pembelajaran sejarah pada masa pamndemi covid-19.Dimana pembelajaran pada masa pandemi ini menjadi sebuah tantangan bagi guru di masa sekarang ini.Seperti memilih strategi pembelajaran yang tepat saat pembelajaran daring ini guna mudah dipahami oleh peserta didik.
Oxytocin receptor expression patterns in the human brain across development
Authors: Rokicki Jaroslav , Kaufmann Tobias , de Lange Ann-Marie Glasø , van der Meer Dennis , Bahrami Shahram , Sartorius Alina M. , Haukvik Unn Kristin H. , Steen Nils Eiel , Schwarz Emanuel , Stein Dan J. , Nærland Terje , Andreassen Ole A. , Westlye Lars T. , Quintana Daniel S
Published: April 2021

Background: Oxytocin plays a vital role in social behavior and homeostatic processes, with animal models indicating that oxytocin receptor (OXTR) expression patterns in the brain influence behavior and physiology. However, the developmental trajectory of OXTR gene expression is unclear, which is considerable knowledge gap as many psychiatric illnesses emerge early in life and genes tend to be differentially regulated across development. Methods: We calculated spatiotemporal expression patterns for 16660 genes in the human brain using transcriptome data from 57 donors across the lifespan. Next, we explored the evolutionary origin of these patterns using a comparative gene expression dataset from 38 macaque donors. Finally, we determined the functional significance of OXTR spatiotemporal co-expression patterns via the annotation of genetic associations with psychiatric and body composition phenotypes.Results: OXTR expression in the brain accelerated before birth with a peak in early childhood and OXTR expression was highly correlated with dopamine receptor D2 expression across development. These gene expression patterns were not observed in a comparative macaque sample, suggesting they might be evolutionarily new features. In addition, a network of genes strongly spatiotemporally coupled with OXTR was enriched in schizophrenia, cognitive, and body composition phenotypes, with elements of this gene network having undergone positive selection in humans but not macaques.Conclusions: These results demonstrate that oxytocin signaling plays an important role in a diverse set of psychological and physiological processes across the lifespan. Identifying a critical window of OXTR expression in the brain, together with associated genes, may help illuminate our understanding of disease etiology.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study of Mechanical Effects of Lubrication on a Nanoscale Contact Process
Authors: Stephan Simon , Lautenschläger Martin P. , Alhafez Iyad Alabd , Horsch Martin , Hasse Hans
Published: April 2021

Using molecular dynamics simulation, we study the effect of a lubricant on indentation and scratching of a Fe surface. By comparing a dry reference case with two lubricated contacts—differing in the adsorption strength of the lubricant—the effects of the lubricant can be identified. We find that after an initial phase, in which the lubricant is squeezed out of the contact zone, the contact between the indenter and the substrate is essentially dry. The number of lubricant molecules confined in the tip-substrate gap increases with the lubricant adsorption energy. Trapped lubricant broadens the tip area active in the scratching process—mainly on the flanks of the groove—compared to a dry reference case. This leads to a slight increase in chip height and volume, and also contributes to the scratching forces.
SEJARAH MASJID SULTAN SURIANSYAH SEBAGAI MASJID TERTUA DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Hapipah Raina
Published: April 2021

Masjid adalah salah satu unsur penting dalam struktur masyarakat, terutama yang menganutagama islam. Masjid memiliki fungsi sebagai tempat beribadah bagi umat islam dan simbolbagi umat islam. Masjid Sultan Suriansyah didirikan pada tahun 1526 dan merupakanmasjid tertua di Kalimantan Selatan serta memiliki banyak peranan sejarah besar terutamapada awal masuknya agama Islam di Kalimantan Selatan. Secara Sejarahnya, Masjid SultanSuriansyah memiliki beberapa keterkaitan dengan masjid lain yang tersebar di wilayahKalimantan Selatan. Dengan adanya Masjid Sultan Suriansyah menjadi simbolperkembangan masuknya Islam di Kalimantan Selatan. Pada perkembangannya, MasjidSultan Suriansyah sekarang lebih mementingkan kepada hal peningkatan perkembanganreligi. Selain wisata religi, Masjid Sultan Suriansyah menjadi tempat menimba ilmu bagilemaga pendidikan non-formal seperti TPA (Taman Pendidikan Al-Qur’an). Padakemudian hari, Masjid Sultan Suriansyah menjadi bagian penting dari institusi pentingyang mampu mempengaruhi kehidupan sosial baik dari segi sosial maupun ekonomi danbudaya.
Interfacial Properties of Binary Lennard-Jones Mixtures by Molecular Simulation and Density Gradient Theory
Authors: Stephan Simon , Langenbach Kai , Hasse Hans
Published: April 2021

A systematic study of interfacial properties of binary mixtures of simpleuids wascarried out by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and density gradient theory(DGT). Theuids are described by the Lennard-Jones truncated and shifted potentialwith truncation radius of 2.5 diameters (LJTSuid). The following interfacialproperties were studied: surface tension, relative adsorption, enrichment, and interfacialthickness. A recently developed equation of state for the LJTSuid (PeTS EOS)was used as basis for the DGT. Six binary mixtures (components 1 + 2) were studiedat a constant temperature, which was chosen such that the high-boiling component1 is subcritical while the low-boiling component 2 is either subcritical or supercritical.Furthermore, a parameter ? in the combination rule for the unlike dispersiveinteraction was varied such that the resulting mixtures showed three types of behavior:high-boiling azeotrope, ideal, and low-boiling azeotrope. The parametersof the LJTS potential, including ?, were also used in the PeTS EOS without anyadjustment. Despite this simple approach, excellent agreement between the resultsof the PeTS EOS and the MD results for the phase equilibrium and the interfacialproperties is observed. Enrichment at the interface is only found for the low-boilingcomponent 2. The enrichment increases with decreasing concentration of component2 and is favored by high boiling point di?erences of the pure components 1 and 2 andpositive deviations from Raoult's law for the mixture 1 + 2.
Measurement and Modeling of Phase Equilibria in Systems Containing Water, Xylose, Furfural, and Acetic Acid
Authors: Galeotti Nadia , Burger Jakob , Hasse Hans
Published: April 2021

Wood hydrolysates obtained in biotechnological processes are typically aqueous solutions that contain, among others, sugars, acetic acid, and furfural. Only little is known on the influence of the sugars on the phase equilibria in those mixtures. Therefore liquid-liquid equilibria (LLE), solid-liquid equilibria (SLE), and solid-liquid-liquid equilibria (SLLE) in the system (water(W) + xylose (X) + furfural (F)) were studied in the present work at 298.15 K and 333.15 K. Additionally, the LLE in the system (W + X + F + acetic acid (AA)) was studied at 298.15 K. The results show that, up to the solubility limit of xylose, adding xylose to mixtures of (W +F) hardly influences the width of the miscibility gap, and that there is practically no xylose in the furfural-rich phase. However, the miscibility gap in the ternary system (W + F + AA) is slightly widened by the addition of xylose. The experimental data on the phase equilibria from the present work were described using the NRTL model. The model describes the experimental data well.
Influence of Dispersive Long-range Interactions on Properties of Vapour–liquid Equilibria and Interfaces of Binary Lennard-Jones Mixtures
Authors: Stephan Simon , Hasse Hans
Published: April 2021

Liquid lubricants play an important role in contact processes; for example, they reduce friction and cool the contact zone. To gain better understanding of the influence of lubrication on the nanoscale, both dry and lubricated scratching processes in a model system are compared in the present work using molecular dynamics simulations. The entire range between total dewetting and total wetting is investigated by tuning the solid–fluid interaction energy. The investigated scratching process consists of three sequential movements: A cylindrical indenter penetrates an initially flat substrate, then scratches in the lateral direction, and is finally retracted out of the contact with the substrate. The indenter is fully submersed in the fluid in the lubricated cases. The substrate, the indenter, and the fluid are described by suitably parametrized Lennard–Jones model potentials. The presence of the lubricant is found to have a significant influence on the friction and on the energy balance of the process. The thermodynamic properties of the lubricant are evaluated in detail. A correlation of the simulation results for the profiles of the temperature, density, and pressure of the fluid in the vicinity of the chip is developed. The work done by the indenter is found to mainly dissipate and thereby heat up the substrate and eventually the fluid. Only a minor part of the work causes plastic deformation of the substrate.
Method to Convert an 8-item PCL-5 Score to a Total PCL-5 Score: A Scaled Equation Analysis
Authors: Brier Zoe M. F. , Price Matthew
Published: April 2021

The repeated assessment of PTSD symptom severity is a critical component of research and evidence-based interventions. PTSD is composed of 20 symptoms across four clusters. However, 20-item measures can be burdensome to administer frequently, especially in ecological momentary assessment (EMA) where multiple assessments are conducted per day. An abbreviated 8-item version of the PCL-5 was developed to obtain information about PTSD symptoms at reduced effort to the participant. However, the symptom severity scale by which symptoms can range between the abbreviated (0–32) and full (0–80) scales differ, which limits the interpretability of the abbreviated scale. The current study evaluated three different methods (a proportional, linear regression, and genetic programming model) to convert scores from the abbreviated measure to that of the full PCL. These equations were then compared across two testing samples to assess their accuracy and bias. The genetic programming and linear regression equation were superior to a proportional equation in both measures of accuracy and bias, with the genetic programming equation demonstrating less bias overall than the linear regression. Furthermore, the diagnostic utility of each method was found to be similar. These results provide a method to convert abbreviated PCL scores to that of the full scale, which increases the utility of this abbreviated scale.
How Malleable Are Cognitive Abilities? A Critical Perspective on Popular Brief Interventions
Authors: Moreau David
Published: April 2021

A number of popular research areas suggest that cognitive performance can be manipulated via relatively brief interventions. These findings have generated a lot of traction, given their inherent appeal to individuals and society. However, recent evidence indicates that cognitive abilities might not be as malleable as preliminary findings implied, and that other, more stable factors play an important role. Here, I provide a critical outlook on these trends of research, combining findings that have mainly remained segregated despite shared characteristics. Specifically, I suggest that the purported cognitive improvements elicited by many interventions are not reliable, and that their ecological validity remains limited. I conclude with a call for constructive skepticism when evaluating claims of generalized cognitive improvements following brief interventions.
Honeydew honey production in honey bees colonies affected by the River disease in Uruguay
Authors: Nogueira Enrique , Juri Pablo , Santos Estela , Invernizzi Ciro
Published: April 2021

In Uruguay, the excretions of the flatidae Epormenis cestri when located in sarandí colorado trees (Sebastiania schottiana) are the cause of the massive death of young honeybee larvae, a phenomenon that beekeepers call River disease. A strong income of honeydew is frequently observed in these affected colonies despite the continuous loss of bees due to lack of replacement. The aim of this study was to determine a handling of the colonies that allows obtaining honeydew honey. Forty-eight colonies were transported to an apiary affected by River disease and were divided into 5 groups according to the following treatments: Group 1: regular honeydew harvest, adding of brood and sugar syrup supply (N=10); Group 2: regular honeydew harvest and sugar syrup supply (N=10); Group 3: regular honeydew harvest and adding of brood (N=10); Group 4: regular honeydew harvest (N=10); Group 5: only one harvest of honeydew once the study had finished (N=8). The colonies from groups 1 and 3 produced the biggest amount of honeydew honey, averaging 32.0 and 28.6kg, respectively. The physicochemical analysis of honeydew honey showed characteristics of this product such as high electrical conductivity (0.98-1.14 mS/cm), diastase activity (>50%) and color (71-83 mm Pfund). This study provides the basis of a colony handling that allows beekeepers to obtain important harvests of a honeydew honey not yet known in the international market.
Embarazo ectópico cervical. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Ruipérez Pacheco Estefanía , Gutiérrez Alaguero Alicia , Brenes Sánchez Juana María , Asenjo de la Fuente Eloy , Coronado Martín Pluvio , Herráiz Martínez Miguel Ángel
Published: April 2021

La gestación ectópica cervical es una patología extremadamente rara, representando actualmente el 0,1% del total de los embarazos ectópicos. Conlleva riesgo muy alto de sangrado, debido a la proximidad entre las arterias uterinas y el cérvix. En la mayoría de las ocasiones se realiza un diagnóstico tardío asociado a un sangrado abundante que produce alta mortalidad. Se presenta un caso de gestación ectópica cervical, tratado de manera conservadora con metotrexato intramuscular, y se revisa la literatura respecto a su diagnóstico y tratamiento.
Resultados perinatales de la anemia en la gestación
Authors: Gonzales-Medina Carlos , Arango-Ochante Pedro
Published: April 2021

Uno de los aspectos esenciales en el manejo adecuado del control prenatal es la identificación de la anemia en la gestante. Se conoce las potenciales consecuencias de obviar la condición de anemia. Si se maneja dicha condición desde una perspectiva integral, los resultados adversos perinatales pueden ser reconocidos tempranamente y evitados. Estos incluyen la rotura prematura de membranas, el parto prematuro y la preeclampsia. Y en el recién nacido, el peso bajo al nacer, la asfixia perinatal y el síndrome de membrana hialina. Asimismo, en la infancia temprana ocurren alteraciones del neurodesarrollo, y la madre es susceptible de sufrir enfermedades crónicas.
Rotura hepática en síndrome de HELLP: electrofulguración y uso de malla. Reporte de caso
Authors: Ramírez Cabrera Juan Orestes , Campos Siccha Gerardo Jimmy , Zapata Díaz Betsy Micol , Mendoza Solórzano Patricia Roxana , Mejía Cabrera Fiorella Suhayl
Published: April 2021

El hematoma subcapsular hepático es una complicación rara y letal del síndrome HELLP, que se presenta en gestantes o puérperas con preeclampsia severa o eclampsia. La mortalidad materna y perinatal en estos casos es elevada. De ahí la importancia de su prevención, reconocimiento precoz y tratamiento oportuno y multidisciplinario. Se presenta un caso de rotura espontánea de hematoma subcapsular hepático, en el cual se realizó manejo con electrofulguración asociada a la colocación de malla hemostática. Se realiza revisión bibliográfica.
Nuevos retos en la protección de la vida y salud de las mujeres
Authors: Miranda Octavio , Ortiz Tatiana , Yuen Chon Vicente
Published: April 2021

Introducción. Uno de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible es reducir la mortalidad materna. Objetivo. Valorar los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de profesionales de la salud en relación con el aborto. Diseño. Estudio transversal tipo encuesta. Métodos. En el año 2017, FESGO aplicó una encuesta a 132 profesionales de la salud, para valorar sus conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas en relación con el aborto. Resultados. La encuesta reflejó una percepción más amplia de causales de aborto no punible que las que la ley reconoce, destacando la violación en 21% y las malformaciones congénitas en 13%. El 83% estaría de acuerdo que la ley permita la interrupción de un embarazo frente al riesgo para la vida de la mujer, 46% frente al riesgo de salud; 61% por malformaciones congénitas fetales, 46% en caso de violación a una mujer con discapacidad y 40% en la violación en general; 28%, en casos de incesto. En caso de una mujer con discapacidad embarazada por violación, el 57% señaló que le daría información sobre las opciones de interrupción. El 26% le daría información sobre el marco legal que le permite la interrupción del embarazo. Pero, el 23% le indicaría que el marco legal del país no permite la interrupción. Conclusiones. La encuesta refleja una percepción más amplia de causales de aborto no punible que las que la ley reconoce. Un 23% indicaría que el marco legal del país no permite la interrupción del embarazo, contradiciendo la norma legal que protege el derecho de esa mujer a acceder a un aborto para proteger su salud y su vida. Persisten barreras para garantizar el derecho de las mujeres a decidir sobre su salud.
Utilidad pronóstica de la longitud cervical e índice de pulsatilidad de la arteria uterina en el parto pretérmino inminente en pacientes sintomáticas
Authors: Reyna-Villasmil Eduardo , Mejía-Montilla Jorly , Reyna-Villasmil Nadia , Torres-Cepeda Duly , Rondón-Tapia Martha , Cabrera-Montes de Oca Danaisy , Herrera-Pineda Isoled , Briceño-Pérez Carlos
Published: April 2021

Objetivo. Establecer la utilidad pronóstica de la longitud cervical e índice de pulsatilidad de la arteria uterina en el parto pretérmino inminente en pacientes sintomáticas. Diseño. Estudio de casos-controles. Institución. Hospital Central “Dr. Urquinaona”, Maracaibo, Venezuela. Participantes. Pacientes con parto pretérmino en los siguientes 7 días (grupo A) y embarazadas con parto pretérmino más allá de los 7 días (grupo B). Métodos. Las mediciones de la longitud cervical e índice de pulsatilidad de la arteria uterina se realizaron al ingreso de las gestantes al hospital y todas fueron seguidas hasta el parto. Principales medidas de resultado. Características generales, longitud cervical, índice de pulsatilidad de la arteria uterina, parto pretérmino inminente y eficacia pronóstica. Resultados. 119 participantes fueron asignadas al grupo A y 362 pacientes al grupo B. La longitud cervical fue menor en el grupo A, mientras que el índice de pulsatilidad de la arteria uterina fue mayor comparado con el grupo B (p < 0,0001). La medición de la longitud cervical presentó un valor de área bajo la curva de 0,972, mientras que el índice de pulsatilidad de la arteria uterina mostró un área bajo la curva de 0,843. La diferencia de la diferencia entre ambas mediciones se consideró estadísticamente significativa (p < 0,001). La combinación de ambas mediciones tuvo un valor bajo la curva significativamente superior en capacidad de predicción (0,987) comparada con ambas mediciones en forma individual (p < 0,0001). Conclusión. El uso combinado de las mediciones de la longitud cervical y el índice de pulsatilidad de la arteria uterina resultó útil en la predicción de parto pretérmino inminente en pacientes sintomáticas.
Embarazo cornual. Presentación de un caso de evolución inusual con dosis única de metotrexato
Authors: Monzón Castillo Eli Pedro , Tejada Martínez Gabriel , Oliva García Ana Belén , Gutiérrez Salas Nuria
Published: April 2021

El embarazo cornual o intersticial es una entidad rara, con alta morbilidad y mortalidad materna. Su diagnóstico es difícil, porque en la exploración ecográfica el embrión parece localizarse dentro del útero. El embarazo cornual o intersticial es más peligroso que otros tipos de embarazo ectópico, pues su rotura puede ocasionar hemorragia aguda. Tiene los mismos factores de riesgo que el embarazo tubárico. Un diagnóstico precoz permite realizar tratamiento médico con metotrexato o tratamiento quirúrgico conservador. Se comunica un caso de evolución inusual con dosis única de metotrexato.
Diagnóstico prenatal de esquizencefalia. Reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Huertas Tacchino Erasmo , Aquino Dionisio Rosario , Armas De los Rios Diana , Esteban Blas Alvaro , Ventura Laveriano Walter , Castillo Urquiaga Walter
Published: April 2021

La esquizencefalia es una patología de etiología desconocida que se caracteriza ecográficamente por presentar hendiduras que comunican el espacio subaracnoideo con los ventrículos laterales. Desde la primera publicación en 1941, se describe dos tipos: la esquizencefalia tipo I (labio cerrado), en la cual los bordes de la hendidura (labios) entran en contacto; y la esquizencefalia tipo II (labio abierto), cuyos bordes (labios) están ampliamente separados por líquido cefalorraquídeo, que es de peor pronóstico y la única diagnosticable antenatalmente. Se presenta el caso de diagnóstico prenatal de un feto con hallazgos ultrasonográficos de esquizencefalia tipo 2.
La pandemia del COVID-19 y la investigación en ginecología y obstetricia
Authors: Alarcon Villaverde Jorge O.
Published: April 2021

-
Gestación en tiempos de pandemia COVID-19. Hospital Nacional Docente Madre Niño San Bartolomé, Lima, Perú
Authors: Vera Loyola Edy Martin , Montenegro Cruz Ivan , Cruzate Cabrejos Vicente , Marcelo Pacheco Humberto , Arce Benitez Miguel , Pelaez Chomba Melissa
Published: April 2021

Introducción. El COVID-19 y la gestación es una nueva intercurrencia en la valoración de riesgos para la atención de la gestante. Desde el inicio de la pandemia en el país, los casos han ido en aumento. El primer caso atendido en el Hospital San Bartolomé fue el 12 de abril. Desde los primeros reportes de gestantes COVID+ en China, a la fecha, se tiene cada vez mayor información, siendo importante para fines del manejo de la gestante COVID+ que se conozca su epidemiología y los resultados perinatales. Objetivo. Determinar la epidemiología y resultados materno perinatales de COVID-19 en las gestantes del Hospital Nacional Docente Madre Niño San Bartolomé, Lima, Perú. Método. Estudio observacional de corte transversal, en los meses de abril a julio 2020. Se incluyó a todas las gestantes que llegaron a la emergencia obstétrica del Hospital San Bartolomé, a las cuales se le realizó una prueba de inmunocromatografía para IgM/IgG, para determinar la seroprevalencia de COVID-19. Las variables obstétricas y perinatales fueron recolectadas en una ficha de datos al ingreso a la emergencia. Resultados. Se realizó prueba rápida para SARS-CoV-19 a 345 gestantes que se hospitalizaron para atención de parto. La edad promedio fue 27 años, con 10% de adolescentes y 16% de mayores de 35 años; 60% tenía 2 a 4 embarazos, 38% de los partos fue vaginal, 15% de ellos pretérmino; 1,2% de las gestantes fue sintomática y 0,2% ingresó a la unidad de cuidados intensivos. El 61% de los recién nacidos pesó entre 2 500 y 3 500 g, 53% fue sexo masculino, 94% tuvo Apgar mayor de 7 al minuto, 3,3% con hisopado positivo dentro de las primeras 24 horas. Se presentaron 3% de óbitos. El 48% de las gestantes provino del Cono Norte de la ciudad de Lima. Conclusiones. Casi 100% de las gestantes fue asintomática y solo 0,2% tuvo complicaciones respiratorias. La culminación del parto por vía cesárea fue baja en relación a otras publicaciones; el motivo de cesárea fue por indicación obstétrica. Escaso número de neonatos tuvo hisopado positivo. Hubo mayor incidencia de óbitos en julio 2020. El mayor porcentaje de pacientes provino del Cono Norte de Lima.
Selección de la curva de referencia del índice de pulsatilidad de las arterias uterinas entre las 24 y 40 semanas de gestación para una institución de salud en Lima, Perú
Authors: Diez Chang Guillermo , Bazán Lossio de Diez Magdalena Gladys , Lacunza Paredes Rommel , Elías Estrada José Carlos , Huertas Tacchino Erasmo
Published: April 2021

La evaluación de la resistencia en las arterias uterinas es empleada para identificar a las gestantes con placentación inapropiada, que las pone en riesgo de desarrollar preeclampsia, restricción de crecimiento intrauterino (RCIU) y otras manifestaciones de insuficiencia placentaria. Objetivo. Identificar cuál de las curvas de referencia del índice de pulsatilidad de las arterias uterinas (IPAUt) publicadas coinciden con nuestros datos institucionales. Métodos. Estudio retrospectivo, transversal, en el que se obtuvo 2 031 evaluaciones del índice de pulsatilidad de las arterias uterinas en 1 753 gestantes. La resistencia promedio de las arterias uterinas fue comparada con las curvas de referencia publicadas por Gomez, Weichert y Limay. Resultados. El IPAUt tuvo una débil pero significativa correlación negativa (r=0,16) con la edad gestacional (EG), entre las 24 y 40 semanas. El 6,5%, 7,5% y 15% de nuestras mediciones superaron el percentil 95 de las curvas de Weichert, Limay y Gomez, respectivamente. Conclusiones. El índice de pulsatilidad promedio de las arterias uterinas en nuestra población se ajustó mejor a la curva de referencia de Weichert. Se requieren estudios prospectivos para validar este hallazgo clínico.
Automated Quantification of CD44, c-MET, EGFR, MTOR, and GLUT1 Expression in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The Impact of p16 Status and Response to Chemoradiation
Authors: Wilson George , D. Arden Jessica , J. Quinn Thomas , G. Wilson Thomas , Hanna Alaa , Barker Kenneth , Deraniyagala Rohan , Baschnagel Andrew M. , Wilson George
Published: April 2021

This study assessed automated quantification of CD44, c-MET, MTOR, EGFR, and GLUT1 protein
expression in a tissue microarray of 109 Stage II-IV p16 positive and negative head and neck squamous cell
carcinomas (HNSCC) treated with definitive chemoradiation. Immunohistochemistry-based protein
expression was quantified in an automated manner using digitally scanned images processed with Definiens
Tissue Studio software to generate a histologic score (H-score, range 0-300) which was normalized for each
biomarker. Biomarker expression levels were correlated with one another and with p16 status. Effects of
biomarker and p16 status on locoregional control, disease-free survival, and overall survival were analyzed
using Kaplan Meier and Cox proportional hazard modelling. There was a significant negative correlation
between CD44 and p16 expression and significant positive correlations between CD44 and MTOR, CD44
and GLUT1, c-MET and MTOR, and MTOR and GLUT1. When patients were stratified by p16 status, the
significant positive correlation between CD44 expression and MTOR remained for both the p16 positive
and negative subsets, while correlations between CD44 and GLUT1 and c-MET and MTOR were seen in
the p16 negative subset only. A significant correlation between MTOR and GLUT was seen overall and for
the p16 positive subset. When the effects of biomarker expression on clinical endpoints were examined,
histologic scores below the defined cut-points for CD44 and c-MET were each associated with improved
locoregional control. Higher expressions of CD44, c-MET, EGFR, and GLUT1 were associated with
inferior disease-free and overall survival. On multivariable analysis, p16 positivity remained independently
associated with improved locoregional control, disease-free survival, and overall survival, high CD44
remained independently associated with inferior locoregional control, disease-free survival, and overall
survival, and EGFR with inferior disease-free and overall survival. In conclusion, the use of an automated
system to quantify IHC expression allowed objective correlation between biomarkers and stratification of
patients, revealing that higher expressions of CD44, c-MET, EGFR, and GLUT1 were associated with
poorer disease-free and overall survival.
Sosyal taşıma kapasitesi: İçmeler-Marmaris örneği
Authors: ÖZGÜREL Gizem , BOZKURT Mesut , BAYSAL Kadir
Published: April 2021

Deniz, güneş ve kum amaçlı tatile yönelik turizmin 1950’li yıllardan itibaren yerli ve yabancı turistlerini çekmeye başlayan Marmaris destinasyonunda, İçmeler Mahallesi büyük ölçekli turizm işletmelerinin yer aldığı, ekonomik açıdan yürütülen faaliyetlerin turizm odaklı olduğu bir yerleşim yeridir. İçmeler’de konaklamadan, yiyecek işletmelerine, hatıra eşya dükkânlarından eğlence işletmelerine, turistlerin yerel halkla iç içe olabildikleri apart oteller bulunmakta ve mavi bayraklı plajlarıyla farklı bir turistik doku sergilemektedir. Deniz, güneş ve kum amaçlı tatile yönelik turizme dayalı yapısıyla İçmeler’de tüm turizm paydaşlarının beklentilerinin karşılanabilmesi ve turizmin sürdürülebilir kılınması için sosyal taşıma kapasitesi durumunun, turizm planlamacıları ve turizm yönetiminden sorumlu yetkililerce bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Çalışmanın ortaya çıkmasında, İçmeler’de sosyal taşıma kapasitesi hangi düzeydedir? sorusu etkili olmuş, bu bağlamda yapılan çalışma ile yerel halkın turizme ve turiste yönelik sosyal taşıma kapasitesi, bir diğer ifadeyle turizm faaliyetlerinden ve turistlerden hoşnut olup olmadıkları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Saha araştırması için yerel halktan 400 kişiye anket dağıtılmış, geri dönen ve geçerli olan 315 anket formundan elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0’da analiz edilmiştir. Yerel halkın “sosyal taşıma kapasitesine yönelik turizm deneyimi” düzeyi yüksek (3,846 ± 0,646), alt boyutları oluşturan “piyasa değer ve gelir artışı” boyutu çok yüksek (4,295 ± 0,851); “geleneksel ve psikolojik değişim” (3,893 ± 0,880); “sosyo-ekonomik değişim” (3,611 ± 0,838) ve “fiziksel gelişmişlik” (3,695 ± 0,982) boyutlarının düzeyi yüksek olarak saptanmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcıların %75,6’sının (n=238) “İçmeler’de turizmin gelişmeye devam etmesini istedikleri” ve “turizm deneyimlerinden hoşnut oldukları” sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda yerel halkın turizme yönelik deneyimlerinde, sosyal taşıma kapasitesinin İçmeler’de aşılmadığı söylenebilir.
INVENTARISASI DAN KARAKTERISASI KUMBANG ANTENA PANJANG (CERAMBYCIDAE) DI HUTAN TALANG PEMATANG PUDU PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Chahyadi Ennie , Fahri Fahri , Asrizalni Dilla
Published: April 2021

Kumbang longhorn yang dikenal dengan nama kumbang cerambycid merupakan kumbang yang memiliki peran sangat penting dalam proses pembusukan yang berguna bagi keseimbangan ekosistem hutan. Keanekaragaman kumbang ini masih belum banyak diketahui dan dipelajari di Indonesia, terutama di Provinsi Riau. Sedangkan provinsi ini memiliki heterogenitas vegetasi yang tinggi yang merupakan habitat dan sumber makanan bagi kumbang antena panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi dan mengkarakterisasi kumbang longhorn di hutan Talang Pematang Pudu Provinsi Riau. Metode yang digunakan adalah menggunakan perangkap Arthrocarpus. Kumbang dikumpulkan pada pukul 15.00 wib. Kemudian dilakukan pengawetan dan identifikasi karakter morfologi berdasarkan ciri kepala, dada dan perut. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 12 spesies kumbang longhorn, dengan genera yang terdiri dari Sybra, Pterolophia, dan Epepeotes dari Subfamili Lamiinae. Jumlah individu yang diperoleh sebanyak 110 kumbang. Ciri-ciri kumbang longhorn yang dapat membedakan jenis kumbang terdapat pada ciri-ciri antena, elytra, skutelum dan pronotum.
Comparing durability of water- and land-based exercise benefits among older adults in South Korea: A randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up
Authors: Oh Se Jun , Lee Sang Heon
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Aquatic exercise can improve strength, flexibility, and aerobic function while safely providing partial weight-bearing support through viscosity and buoyancy. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of water-based exercise with land-based exercise before and after a 10-week exercise intervention and again at one-year follow-up. METHODS: Eighty participants aged 65 years and older were randomly assigned to either a water- or a land-based 10-week exercise program. Assessment included the Senior Fitness Test (SFT), the Modified Falls-Efficacy Scale, and the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Hip and knee strength was also measured. All assessments were completed at three time points: pre- (T1), post- (T2), and at 1-year follow-up (T3). RESULTS: Significant differences were observed between the two groups on three parameters: the SFT timed up-and-go test; lower hip muscle strength in extension, adduction, and external rotation; and quality of life (QoL) measured by the SF-36 (p< 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the SFT chair stand test, dominant arm curl test, two-minute step test, chair sit-and-reach test, back scratch test, and Modified Falls-Efficacy Scale. CONCLUSION: Aquatic exercise provided greater improvement of physical health and QoL among older people than land-based exercise.