bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How monetary policy depresses economic growth in Russia and the Eurasian Economic Union
Authors: Glaziev Sergey Yu.
Published: April 2022

The relatively successful overcoming by the Russian economy of 2021 with an increase in GDP of 4.3% and investment in fixed assets of 5.6% inspires cautious optimism associated with the ability of the system of state power in crisis periods to target managerial influences, mobilizing the resources required to correct the macroeconomic situation. Already in the middle of the year, the 2020 recession caused by the pandemic consequences has been overcome, and there were good reasons to expect this trend to continue in 2022. To reach the targets of the annual GDP growth of the Eurasian Economic Union by 5-5.5%, established by the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council (the level of the heads of the EAEU states), there are all possibilities: production capacities that are not loaded by a third, the resources of the common labor market of the EAEU are far from exhausted, the abundance of exported industrial raw materials and energy resources, the scientific and technical potential involved by barely a quarter. According to our estimates, the available production capacities and untapped resources allow increasing output by more than 8% per year, however, the tightening of the monetary policy pursued by the Bank of Russia and following the same restrictive paradigm of the central (national) banks of the partner countries of the Union do not allow subordinating the existing reserves to development goals and achieving faster growth rates.
External expansion of the dairy market: Arguments "for" and "against"
Authors: Konkina Vera S.
Published: April 2022

The Russian agro-industrial complex is the most important branch of the national economy participating in the program of import substitution and ensuring food security of the country.
At the moment, the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation is implementing an export-oriented model of agricultural development. In the article, the author analyses the dynamics of foreign trade operations in the dairy food market. The information base for the integrated assessment was the data of Rosstat and the Customs Service on group 04 Dairy products TNVED. The dairy industry within the country shows progressive growth — gross production has been increasing since 2017. However, domestic agricultural producers cannot cover the domestic need for milk and dairy products. As a result — an increase in foreign economic operations. The analysis showed an increase in exports and imports. This is due to the influence of many factors. Factors and trends affecting their volumes in the short and long term were identified — the composition and structure of the balance of milk and dairy products resources, average per capita household income, average prices for dairy products, milk consumption per capita per year, volumes of foreign trade operations, etc. The built dynamic econometric models made it possible to distinguish limiting factors for each type of foreign economic transactions. For imports, these are average consumer prices for milk and annual consumption of dairy products per capita. For export — average consumer prices for dairy products. By influencing these factors, it is possible to ensure an increase in demand and supply in the dairy industry.
The conclusions made in the article can be used to develop and substantiate state agri-food policy.
Perspective areas of development of the sharing economy
Authors: Zvereva Tatiana V.
Published: April 2022

With the development of digital technologies, new forms of joint consumption have received the name "Share Economics". Digitalization made it possible to cover a wide range of public resources and go beyond small groups and personal relationships, so we see the technical and social aspect of the sharing economy. This double digital transition to joint use allowed us to achieve broad access to resources, which created new models and practices of sharing, which led to the creation of a new class of resource allocation systems that were called the "digital sharing economy". This article analyzes the economy of sharing as a socio-economic phenomenon of a bi-based digital platform.

The practical significance of the results obtained by the author consists in the possibility of using the proposed theoretical platform to further explore the opportunities of the sharing economy for various participants in the interaction: citizens, business, public sector organizations.
FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN PADA SEKTOR PROPERTY, REAL ESTATE, DAN KONSTRUKSI BANGUNAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PADA PERIODE 2014-2018
Authors: Aprianto Aprianto Miduk Pandapotan Saragih
Published: April 2022

This research aims to test and analyze how Profitability (Net Profit Margin), Firm Size, Leverage (Debt To Equity Ratio), and Liquidity (Cash Ratio) affect dividend policies on Property Sector, Real Estate, and Building Construction companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2014-2018. This type of research is quantitative research. This research uses the explanatory research properties of this research population of 63 Property and Real Estate Sector companies with Purpose Sampling sampling techniques of 20 Property and Real Estate Sector companies that meet the criteria

The results of this study show simultaneously Profitability (Net Profit Margin), Firm Size, Leverage (Debt To Equity Ratio), and Liquidity (Cash Ratio) have a significant and significant effect on the Dividend Policy in trade sector companies, services, and investments listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2014-2018 with Fhitung  > Ftabel (9,963 < 2,76) and significant 0,00 ≤ 0,05 received and Ha rejected which means variable Profitability, The size of liquidity and leverage companies simultaneously has a significant impact on property sector, real estate, and building construction companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2014 – 2018. This means that 26,6% of the company's value variation can be explained by its three independent variables namely Profitability, Company Size, Liquidity, and Leverage while the remaining73.4%.
PENGARUH FINANCIAL DISTRESS, OPINI AUDITOR, DEBT DEFAULT, DAN AUDITOR SWITCHING TERHADAP AUDIT REPORT LAG PERUSAHAAN DI BIDANG KEUANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI TAHUN 2015 - 2019
Authors: Pricilia Vivi
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengidentifikasi apakah financial

distress, opini auditor, debt default serta auditor switching berpengaruh terhadap audit

report lag pada perusahaan bidang keuangan yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari

tahun 2015 - 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pendekatan kuantitatif

dengan menggunakan data penelitian berupa 23 sampel dengan 115 observasi yang

sesuai kriteria. Penelitian ini menggunakan model analisis linear berganda serta

menggunakan purposive sampling sebagai teknik pengambilan sampel. Dari penelitian

ini dapat diperoleh hasil yaitu financial distress, opini auditor, debt default serta auditor

switching tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap audit report lag pada perusahaan

bidang keuangan yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2015 - 2019.
Effect of Nicotine on Immune System Function
Authors: Mahmoudzadeh leila , Abtahi Froushani Seyyed Meysam , Ajami Marjan , Mahmoudzadeh Maryam
Published: April 2022

As a parasympathetic alkaloid and the main substance in cigarette smoke, nicotine modulates the immune system, inhibits innate and acquired immunity and is used in treating many autoimmune diseases. It often stimulates the α7 receptor and causes an anti-inflammatory state in the body. This study is designed to evaluate the role of nicotine treatment on immune system. The results showed that nicotine affects many cells in immune system, alters the downstream intracellular mechanisms and changes lymphocytes polarization. This substance alters TLRs and STATs gene expression and thus changes in the innate immune system. All these events inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines which increase angiogenesis and metastasis and exacerbates tumors due to increasing survival and cell growth. Nicotine can aggravate tumors in cancer patients, with many positive effects observed in the treating autoimmune disease, Nicotine treatment function in different conditions depends on factors such as concentration, how it is employed, treatment duration and other conditions such as body conditions affecting the immune system, hence, further studies and review of all conditions are required.
Preparation and Characterization of Magnetic Solid Lipid Nanoparticles as a Targeted Drug Delivery System for Doxorubicin
Authors: Soltani Abbas , Pakravan Parvaneh
Published: April 2022

Purpose: In the present study, we investigated the magnetic solid lipid nanoparticles (mSLNs) for targeted delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) into breast cancer cells. Methods: The synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles was carried out by co-precipitation of a ferrous and ferric aqueous solution with the addition of a base; moreover, during precipitation process, the magnetite nanoparticles should be coated with stearic acid (SA) and tripalmitin (TPG). An emulsification dispersion-ultrasonic method was employed to prepare DOX loaded mSLNs. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, and photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) were used to characterize the subsequently prepared nanoparticles. In addition, the antitumor efficacy of particles was evaluated on MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Results: The findings showed that entrapment efficiency values for solid lipid and magnetic SLNs were 87±4.5% and 53.7±3.5%, respectively. PCS investigations showed that particle size increased with magnetic loading in the prepared NPs. In vitro drug release of DOX-loaded SLN and DOX-loaded mSLN in phosphate buffer saline (pH=7.4) showed that the amount of drug released approached 60% and 80%, respectively after 96 h of incubation. The electrostatic interactions between magnetite and drug had little effect on the release characteristics of the drug. The higher toxicity of DOX as nanoparticles compared to free drug was inferred from in vitro cytotoxicity. Conclusion: DOX encapsulated magnetic SLNs can act as a suitable and promising candidate for controlled and targeted therapy for cancer.
Liposome-Fe3 O4-Doxorubicin Mediated Treatment of Melanoma Tumors
Authors: Azlegini Azalia , Javadpour Sirus , Bahrololoom Mohamad Ebrahim
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Magnetic hyperthermia is a treatment method based on eddy currents, hysteresis, and relaxation mechanisms of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). MNPs such as Fe3 O4 have the ability to generate heat under an alternating magnetic field. Heat sensitive liposomes (Lip) convert from lipid layer to liquid layer through heat generated by MNPs and can release drugs. Methods: In this study, different groups of doxorubicin (DOX), MNPs and liposomes were evaluated. The MNPs were synthesized by co-precipitation method. The MNPs, DOX and a combination of MNPs and DOX were efficiently loaded into the liposomes using the evaporator rotary technique. Magnetic properties, microstructure, specific absorption rate (SAR), zeta potential, loading percentage of the MNPs and DOX concentration in liposomes, in vitro drug release of liposomes were studied. Finally, the necrosis percentage of cancer cells in C57BL/6J mice bearing melanoma tumors was assessed for all groups. Results: The loading percentages of MNPs and concentration of DOX in the liposomes were 18.52 and 65% respectively. The Lip-DOX-MNPs at the buffer citrate solution, showed highly SAR as the solution temperature reached 42°C in 5 minutes. The release of DOX occurred in a pH-dependent manner. The volume of tumor in the therapeutic groups containing the MNPs significantly decreased compared to the others. Numerical analysis showed that the tumor volume in mice receiving Lip-MNPs-DOX was 9.29% that of the control and a histological examination of the tumor section showed 70% necrosis. Conclusion: The Lip-DOX-MNPs could be effective agents which reduce malignant skin tumors growth and increase cancer cell necrosis.
In Vitro Efficacy of Curcumin-Loaded Amine-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Mohebian Zahra , Babazadeh Mirzaagha , Zarghami Nosratollah
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have drawn substantial interest as drug nanocarriers for breast cancer therapy. Nevertheless, because of the hydrophilic surfaces, the loading of well-known hydrophobic polyphenol anticancer agent curcumin (Curc) into MSNs is usually very low. Methods: For this purpose, Curc molecules were loaded into amine-functionalized MSNs (MSNs-NH2 -Curc) and characterized using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). MTT assay and confocal microscopy, respectively, were used to determine the cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of the MSNs-NH2 - Curc in the MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Besides, the expression levels of apoptotic genes were evaluated via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot. Results: It was revealed that MSNs-NH2 possessed high values of drug loading efficiency and exhibited slow and sustained drug release compared to bare MSNs. According to the MTT findings, while the MSNs-NH2 -Curc were nontoxic to the human non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells at low concentrations, it could considerably decrease the viability of MCF-7 breast cancer cells compared to the free Curc in all concentrations after 24, 48 and 72 hours exposure times. A cellular uptake study using confocal fluorescence microscopy confirmed the higher cytotoxicity of MSNs-NH2 -Curc in MCF-7 cells. Further, it was found that the MSNs-NH2 -Curc could drastically affect the mRNA and protein levels of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase 3, caspase 9, and hTERT relative to the free Curc treatment. Conclusion: Taken together, these preliminary results suggest the amine-functionalized MSNs-based drug delivery platform as a promising alternative approach for Curc loading and safe breast cancer treatment.
Preparation and Characterization of Undecylenoyl Phenylalanine Loaded-Nanostructure Lipid Carriers (NLCs) as a New α-MSH Antagonist and Antityrosinase Agent
Authors: Vaziri Mohadeseh Sadat , Tayarani-Najaran Zahra , Kabiri Homa , Nasirizadeh Samira , Golmohammadzadeh Shiva , Kamali Hossein
Published: April 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to characterize the undecylenoyl phenylalanine (Sepiwhite (SEPI))-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) as a new antimelanogenesis compound. Methods: In this study, an optimized SEPI-NLC formulation was prepared and characterized for particle size, zeta potential, stability, and encapsulation efficiency. Then, in vitro drug loading capacity and the release profile of SEPI, and its cytotoxicity were investigated. The ex vivo skin permeation and the anti-tyrosinase activity of SEPI-NLCs were also evaluated. Results: The optimized SEPI-NLC formulation showed the size of 180.1±5.01 nm, a spherical morphology under TEM, entrapment efficiency of 90.81±3.75%, and stability for 9 months at room temperature. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis exhibited an amorphous state of SEPI in NLCs. In addition, the release study demonstrated that SEPI-NLCs had a biphasic release outline with an initial burst release compared to SEPI-EMULSION. About 65% of SEPI was released from SEPI-NLC within 72 h, while in SEPI-EMULSION, this value was 23%. The ex vivo permeation profiles revealed that the higher SEPI accumulation in the skin following application of SEPI-NLC (up to 88.8%) compared to SEPI-EMULSION (65%) and SEPI-ETHANOL (74.8%) formulations (P<0.01). An inhibition rate of 72% and 65% was obtained for mushroom and cellular tyrosinase activity of SEPI, respectively. Moreover, results of in vitro cytotoxicity assay confirmed SEPI-NLCs to be non-toxic and safe for topical use. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that NLC can efficiently deliver SEPI into the skin, which has a promise for topical treatment of hyperpigmentation.
The Impact of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on the Pharmacokinetics of Tacrolimus in Kidney Allograft Recipients of Northern-West, Iran
Authors: Jabbari Hagh Elaheh , Mousavi Ali , Hejazian Seyyedeh Mina , Haghi Mehdi , Esfahanian Samaneh , Ahmadian Elham , Zununi Vahed Sepideh , Ardalan Mohammadreza
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) such as tacrolimus are a major immunosuppressive therapy after renal transplantation, which inhibit cytokine expression. The pharmacokinetics of such drugs is influenced by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, multi-drug resistance-1 (MDR-1), and C25385T pregnane X receptor (PXR). This study aimed to investigate the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in these genes on the ratio of tacrolimus level per drug dosage (C/D ratio), acute graft rejection, and viral infections. Methods: Kidney transplantation recipients (n=65) under similar immunosuppressive treatment were included. Amplification refractory mutation systempolymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) method was applied to amplify the loci containing the SNPs of interest. Results: Overall, 65 patients with a male/female ratio of 37/28 were included. The mean age was 38±1.75 years. The variant allele frequencies of CYP3A5*3, MDR-1 C3435T, and PXR C25385T were 95.38, 20.77, and 26.92%, respectively. No significant correlations were found between the studied SNPs and the tacrolimus C/D ratios. However, there was a significant difference in the C/D ratios at 2 and 8 weeks in homozygote CYP3A5 *3/*3 carriers (P=0.015). No significant association was found between the studied polymorphisms and viral infections and acute graft rejection (P>0.05). Conclusion: Homozygote CYP3A5 *3/*3 genotype could influence the tacrolimus metabolism rate (C/D ratio).
Iron Withdrawal with DIBI, a Novel 3-Hydroxypyridin-4-One Chelator Iron-Binding Polymer, Attenuates Macrophage Inflammatory Responses
Authors: Ghassemi-Rad Javad , Fernando Wasundara , Holbein Bruce E. , Hoskin David W.
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Iron is an essential trace element for the inflammatory response to infection. In this study, we determined the effect of the recently developed iron-binding polymer DIBI on the synthesis of inflammatory mediators by RAW 264.7 macrophages and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Methods: Flow cytometry was used to determine the intracellular labile iron pool, reactive oxygen species production, and cell viability. Cytokine production was measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Nitric oxide synthesis was determined by the Griess assay. Western blotting was used to assess signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) phosphorylation. Results: Macrophages cultured in the presence of DIBI exhibited a rapid and significant reduction in their intracellular labile iron pool. DIBI-treated macrophages showed reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines interferon-β, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 in response to LPS. In contrast, exposure to DIBI did not affect LPS-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The inhibitory effect of DIBI on IL-6 synthesis by LPS-stimulated macrophages was lost when exogenous iron in the form of ferric citrate was added to culture, confirming the selectivity of DIBI for iron. DIBI-treated macrophages showed reduced production of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide following LPS stimulation. DIBI-treated macrophages also showed a reduction in cytokine-induced activation of STAT 1 and 3, which potentiate LPS-induced inflammatory responses. Conclusion: DIBI-mediated iron withdrawal may be able to blunt the excessive inflammatory response by macrophages in conditions such as systemic inflammatory syndrome.
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subunit Alpha-7 Mediates PD-L1 and CTLA-4 Expression in HepG2 Cells
Authors: Afrashteh Nour Mina , Kheradmand Fatemeh , Rasmi Yousef , Asadzadeh Zahra , Doustvandi Mohammad Amin , Jafarlou Mahdi , Hajiasgharzadeh Khalil , Baradaran Behzad
Published: April 2022

Background: The liver is the largest solid organ in the body and has several unique immunological roles. The alpha7 subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) is expressed in the liver and has different immunoregulatory effects. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) are two major checkpoints that act as a negative regulator of the immune system. In this study, we examined the effects of activation (with nicotine) and inhibition (with specific siRNA) of α7nAChR on the PD-L1 and CTLA-4 genes expression. Methods: Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line was used to investigate the effects of treatment with low dose (1 μM) and high dose (10 μM) of nicotine on the PD-L1 and CTLA-4 expression. In addition to this, the effects of treatment with 100 nM concentration of specific siRNA targeting α7nAChR (α7-siRNA) were examined using quantitative real-time PCR. Results: Compared to untreated cells, the HepG2 cells treated with nicotine exhibited significant dose-dependent decreases in PD-L1 expression. Furthermore, nicotine has a biphasic effect on the CTLA-4 expression and decreased its expression in 10 μM concentration. The qRT-PCR revealed that α7-siRNA significantly reduced the mRNA levels of α7nAChR (P < 0.01). Also, compared to control cells, α7-siRNA treated cells exhibited significant increases in both PD-L1 and CTLA-4 expression. Conclusion: These experiments determined that nicotine treatment leads to decreases in PD-L1 and CTLA-4 expression. These effects are reversed by treatment with α7-siRNA, which indicates the involvement of α7nAChR related mechanisms in these processes.
Intradialytic hypertension prevalence and predictive factors: A single centre study
Authors: Prabhu Ravindra Attur , Naik Bharathi , Bhojaraja Mohan V , Rao Indu Ramachandra , Shenoy Srinivas Vinayak , Nagaraju Shankar Prasad , Rangaswamy Dharshan
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Intradialytic hypertension (IDH) is associated with significant vascular and cardiac adverse outcomes. Objectives: This study was performed to know the prevalence and factors predicting IDH. Patients and Methods: A single-center cross-sectional observational study at a tertiary care hospital. After ethics committee approval and informed consent, all patients over 18 years on twice weekly hemodialysis were included, those on peritoneal dialysis and acute kidney injury excluded. Primary outcome was prevalence of IDH based on three definitions and secondary outcome was predictive factors. IDH was defined as ≥10 mm Hg surge in systolic blood pressure (SBP) between pre-and postdialysis in 4 of 6 successive sessions or >15 mm Hg rise in mean arterial pressure (MAP) between start and end of dialysis or symptomatic rise in blood pressure requiring intervention. SBP and MAP were measured on standardized monitors before, hourly and 30 minutes post dialysis. Results: Of 136 patients, prevalence of intra-dialytic hypertension was 78/136 (57%), 33/136 (24%), 15/136 (11%) based on systolic rise, rise in MAP and symptomatic rise in BP respectively. Among those with systolic rise, diabetes mellitus (P= 0.03), undernourishment (P=0.03), inter-dialytic weight gain >3 kg (P< 0.001) and dialysis vintage > 3 years (P< 0.001) were significantly associated with IDH. Conclusion: IDH prevalence varied from 11 to 57% with different definitions. Diabetes mellitus, under nutrition, inter-dialytic weight gain >3 kg and dialysis vintage >3 years predicted IDH.
Solubility of Bosentan in Polyethylene Glycol 400 + Water Mixtures: Experimental and Mathematical Computations
Authors: Jafari Parisa , Rahimpour Elahahe , Jouyban Abolghasem
Published: April 2022

Background: To discover the optimal solvent amounts for using in a particular application, it is vital to achieve some useful information in regard with suitable neat or mixed solvent and drugs equilibrium solubility in them. It is known that the low solubility of drugs such as bosentan (BST) in water negatively effects in vitro and in vivo kinetics of dissolution, affecting in turn its bioavailability along with making several difficulties around designing its liquid formulations. Methods: Solubility of BST in some mixtures of polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) and water was experimentally determined at T = (293.15 to 313.15) K by using a common shake-flask technique followed by UV-visible spectroscopic method. The experimental solubility data in PEG 400 mass fraction (w1) of 0.0 to 1.0 at 298.15 K and in w1=0.0, 0.5 and 1.0 at other temperatures were then correlated by cosolvency models including the Jouyban-Acree, the Jouyban-Acree-van’t Hoff, and the double log-log models and some un-measured solubility data were predicted based on the obtained trained models. Results: The results presented that the aqueous solubility of BST is increased by increasing mass fraction of PEG 400 as well as increasing temperature and reached the maximum value in neat PEG 400 at 313.15 K. Conclusion: The BST solubility in water improved by addition of PEG 400 into it. According to the average relative deviations obtained from the back-computed data with trained models which were < 8.0%, it concluded that the selected models were able to predict the un-measured data with high reliability.
Designing a Topical Nanoliposomal Formulation of Ruxolitinib Phosphate
Authors: Naeimifar Atefeh , Ahmad Nasrollahi Saman , Akbari Javar Hamid , Nassiri Kashani Mansoor , Firooz Alireza , Rouini Mohamadreza
Published: April 2022

Background: The JAK-STAT pathway has been revealed to play a crucial role in the dysregulation of immune responses in autoimmune skin disorders. Ruxolitinib, a selective inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2, potently suppresses cytokine signaling. Methods: A topical emulgel containing ruxolitinib nanoliposome (RuxoLip) was prepared by thin film hydration method. Then, its physicochemical characteristics were evaluated at 25±2 ̊C/60±5% RH for 12 months. RuxoLip was assessed based on particle characteristics, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), entrapment efficiency (EE), drug loading (DL), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The pH, density, viscosity, microbial assessment, in vitro drug release, and in vivo tape stripping test were evaluated on the emulgel of RuxoLip. Validating the analysis method was performed by UV spectroscopy. Results: Nanoliposomal preparation was successfully formulated with a good particle size (218±2 nm), an EE of 67% and a DL of 8%. The formulation was stable in a long-term condition. SEM showed that liposomes had a regular spherical surface. Moreover, in vitro drug release and the in vivo tape stripping test revealed good absorption and permeation, respectively. Conclusion: The liposome dosage form is anticipated to be a perfect carrier for the topical drug delivery system of ruxolitinib in autoimmune skin disorders.
Development and application of a social accountability assessment tool at the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Yazdani Shahram , Momeni Sedigheh , Shakour Mahsa , Abdolmaleki Reza
Published: April 2022

Background: One of the critical needs of governmental agencies and educational institutions is meeting community needs. Organizations and governmental systems that rely on social capital are considered inefficient and vulnerable if they are unable to meet the needs of society. Thus, accountability is a critical pillar of government management that leads to effective actions and better service delivery. Methods: Critical review methodology was used in the first phase to review texts and documents available in the field of social accountability and to collect items used to develop the social accountability assessment tool. The Delphi method was then used to finalize and approve the model and assessment tool. University processes were investigated and evaluated based on the social accountability tool in the second phase. Result: In all, 422 university processes were investigated and evaluated to determine their accountability in different fields. The mean score of the evaluated processes was 11.9 out of 100. Conclusion: The results show that social accountability is a relatively new topic that has received considerable attention in medical education in Iran. Given the relative newness of this topic, these results could be expected; social accountability should try and be expected to improve in the coming years.
Malaysian herbs as potential natural resources of anticancer drugs: From folklore to discovery
Authors: Ismail Faridah , Zakaria Yusmazura , Nik Hassan Nik Fakhuruddin , Md Isa Muhammad Lokman
Published: April 2022

Cancer is a complex disease and ranks as a leading cause of death globally. Despite many advances made in cancer therapeutics, adverse side effects and treatment resistance remain a great problem. In that sense, there are increasing demands to discover new anticancer agents from naturally-derived compounds. Medicinal plants represent a valuable source of new drugs with promising efficacy and safety. They produce various secondary metabolites, which exhibit unique structures and a pharmacological spectrum of activity, including antitumour activity. Clinacanthus nutans, Strobilanthes crispus, Ficus deltoidea, Curcuma longa, Centella asiatica and Piper betle are among the plants species commonly used to cure cancer in traditional medicine formulae in Malaysia. The present review aims to highlight the anticancer properties of the listed Malaysian herbs with a focus on their bioactive compounds and the mode of action. Overall, many studies have disclosed the presence of active metabolites in these plants, including phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponin, curcumin and Asiatic acid. They possess significant cytotoxic or antiproliferative effects primarily via the induction of apoptosis, elevation of antioxidant activity and inhibition of cancer activating enzymes. Hence, further investigation into their clinical therapeutic potential may be noteworthy. Additionally, this review article also provides the reader with information concerning the conventional anticancer drugs and their limitations, recent developments and milestones achieved in plant- derived cancer therapeutics as well as different approaches to enhance the production of these anticancer molecules.
Hubungan antara Self Esteem dengan Social Anxiety pada Remaja Berstatus Sosial Ekonomi Rendah
Authors: Andhika Anggawira  , Dwike Nur Kholiza  , Herio Rizki Dewinda
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the relationship between Self Esteem and Social Anxiety in Adolescents with Low Socioeconomic Status in SMA N 1 Talamau. The independent variable in this study is Self Esteem and the dependent variable is Social Anxiety. The measuring instrument used in this study is the Self Esteem and Social Anxiety scale. The sampling technique in this study used a purposive sampling technique. The sample in this study amounted to 53 students of SMA N 1 Talamau. Validity and reliability tests in this study used Alpha Cronbach technique. The item difference index on the Self Esteem scale moves from rix = 0,376 to rix = 0,734 with a reliability coefficient of α = 0,937 while on the Social Anxiety it moves from rix = 0,396 to rix = 0,798 with a reliability coefficient equal to α = 0,945. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between Self Esteem and Social Anxiety, with a correlation value (r) of -0.718 with a significant level of 0.000, which means that the hypothesis is accepted. This shows that there is a significant negative relationship between Self Esteem and Social Anxiety in Adolescents with Low Socioeconomic Status in SMA N 1 Talamau.
PENGARUH SISTEM PENGGAJIAN DAN INSENTIF TERHADAP KOMITMEN DAN KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN (STUDI DI CV ASA AGRO CORPORATION KECAMATAN CUGENANG)
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Yahya , Ajeng Ismi , Syamsiah Prita
Published: April 2022

Usaha budidaya jamur tiram merupakan sebuah peluang bisnis yang menjanjikan. Dengan begitu, tidak dipungkiri usaha budidaya jamur tiram dapat dikembangkan menjadi agro industri. Demi mencapai tujuan itu maka diperlukan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas serta memiliki komitmen yang tinggi terhadap perusahaan, perusahaan juga perlu menjaga kepuasan kerja karyawannya.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari sistem penggajian dan insentif terhadap komitmen dan kepuasan kerja karyawan. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah 133 orang karyawan CV. Asa Agro Corporation dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Metode pengolahan data yang digunakan adalah model persamaan structural (Structural Equation Modelling). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sistem penggajian memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap komitmen karyawan. Kemudian Sistem Penggajian serta insentif juga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja. Disamping itu, insentif memiliki pengaruh yang lemah dan tidak signifikan terhadap komitmen karyawan
PERAN PUSAT PELATIHAN PERTANIAN DAN PEDESAAN SWADAYA (P4S) DALAM PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN DAN KETERAMPILAN PESERTA PELATIHAN (Studi kasus di P4S Tani Mandiri Desa Cibodas, Kecamatan Pacet, Kabupaten Cianjur, Provinsi Jawa Barat)
Authors: Alam Asep Saepul , Rizal Ahmad Nur , Tresnawan Moh Dian
Published: April 2022

Sektor pertanian mempunyai peranan penting dalam kegiatan perekonomian di Indonesia. Hal ini terutama karena sektor pertanian masih memberikan lapangan pekerjaan bagi sebagian besar penduduk yang ada di pedesaan, menyediakan bahan pangan bagi penduduk, dalam pembangunan nasional pertanian juga berperan dalam penyerap tenaga kerja, kurangnya kemampuan sumberdaya manusia dalam mengelola dan memaksimalkan potensi yang sudahada, oleh karena itu pemberdayaan pada sektor pertanian perlu diarahkan agar petani memiliki perubahan sikap kearah yang lebih baik. Petani perlu didorong untuk mampu bersaing dan mandiri, baik persaingan pada tataran lokal ataupun nasional bahkan internasional dengan berbagai negara. Pusat Pelatihan Pertanian Dan Pedesaan Swadaya (P4S) sebagai tempat pelatihan dan pemagangan dari petani untuk petani, sehingga mendorong petani berorientasi bisnis bukan hanya dikonsumsi tetapi juga membuka wawasan mereka tentang perkembangan tekonologi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : (1) Mengetahui peran pusat pelatihan pertanian dan pedesaan swadaya (P4S) Tani Mandiri dalam peningkatan pengetahuan. (2) Mengetahui peran pusat pelatihan pertanian dan pedesaan swadaya (P4S) Tani Mandiri dalam peningkatan keterampilan. Data diperoleh dari 35 responden dengan menggunakan metode Analisis Deskriptif Kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa (1) Adanya peran P4S Tani Mandiri dalam peningkatan pengetahuan pembibitan tanaman pada peserta pelatihan dari sebelum melaksanakan pelatihan dengan jumlah skor 1183 dan setelah melaksanakan pelatihan jumlah skor menjadi 1482, maka dari itu dinyatakan adanya peran P4S Tani Mandiri dalam peningkatan pengetahuan pada peserta pelatihan. (2) Adanya peran P4S Tani Mandiri dalam peningkatan keterampilan pembibitan tanaman dari sebelum melaksanakan pelatihan dengan jumlah skor 1322 dan setelah melaksanakan pelatihan jumlah skor menjadi 1657, maka dari itu dinyatakan adanya peran P4S Tani Mandiri dalam peningkatan keterampilan pada peserta pelatihan.
ANALISIS SALURAN PEMASARAN BAWANG MERAH KELOMPOK TANI BOJONG DESA GUDANG KECAMATAN CIKALONGKULON KABUPATEN CIANJUR
Authors: Rizal Ahmad Nur , Malia Rosda , , Wandi
Published: April 2022

Harga bawang merah yang sering mengalami fluktuasi menjadi salah satu masalah hampir diseluruh wilayah Indonesia, banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi fluktuasi harga suatu komoditas salah satunya yaitu pola distribusi produk pada masing-masing lembaga pemasaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1). Mengetahui saluran pemasaran bawang merah  Kelompok Tani Bojong Desa Gudang Kecamatan Cikalongkulon. 2). Mengetahui saluran pemasaran yang paling efisien pada pemasaran bawang merah Kelompok Tani  Bojong Desa Gudang Kecamatan Cikalongkulon. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei - Agustus 2020 di Kelompok Tani Bojong Desa Gudang Kecamatan Cikalongkulon, Teknik pengambilan data berupa kuisioner dan wawancara dengan 30 orang sampel. Metode pengolahan data berupa analisis biaya, analisis margin dan farmer’s share. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat dua saluran pemasaran di Desa Gudang dengan lembaga pemasaran satu : petani - pengepul - pengecer - konsumen dan lembaga pemasaran dua terdiri dari : petani - pengecer - konsumen. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa saluran satu memiliki margin dan keuntungan yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan saluran satu, akan tetapi farmer's share lebih besar dimiliki oleh saluran dua dengan angka 70% dibanding dengan saluran satu 65%. Dengan demikian maka saluran dua lebih efisien karena memiliki tingkat keuntungan lebih tinggi untuk petani.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN AGROWISATA KAMPUNG BUDAYA PADI PANDANWANGI
Authors: Malia Rosda , Nurkamil Yola , Ramadani Muhamad Fachri
Published: April 2022

Salah satu jalan untuk menghubungkan potensi pariwisata dan pertanian adalah dengan mengembangkan agrowisata. Agrowisata merupakan suatu diversifikasi produk agribisnis yang menggabungkan konsep kepariwisataan bernuansa alam (ekowisata) dengan pertanian. Agrowisata tidak hanya merupakan usaha di bidang jasa yang menawarkan jasa pemenuhan kebutuhan konsumen terhadap pemandangan indah dan segar, tetapi juga dapat menjadi media promosi produk pertanian, memberikan sinyal bagi peluang pengembangan diversifikasi produk agribisnis, media pendidikan masyarakat, serta dapat menjadi andalan pada sektor pertanian dan pariwisata. Kabupaten Cianjur merupakan salah satu daerah tujuan wisata primadona di Jawa Barat dilihat dari kondisi geografisnya, Kampung Budaya Padi Pandanwangi  bagian dari wisata Cianjur yang populer, mampu menyajikan tema wisata alam dan wisata edukasi dalam satu kawasan. Kampung Budaya Padi Pandanwangi merupakan objek wisata Cianjur yang didominasi oleh area sawah sebagai sajian utamanya. Agrowisata Kampung Budaya Padi Pandanwangi menghadapi faktor eksternal yaitu alam, ekonomi, teknologi, regulasi atau politik, pesaing dan pasar. Faktor eksternal adalah udara yang sejuk dan pemandangan yang indah yang ada di Agrowisata Kampung Budaya Padi Pandanwangi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Untuk mengetahui faktor internal dan eksternal yang mempengaruhi pengembangan Agrowisata Kampung Budaya padi pandanwangi. (2) Untuk mengetahui strategi pengembangan Agrowisata Kampung Budaya Padi Pandanwangi. Penelitian dilakukan di Agrowisata Kampung Budaya Padi Pandanwangi, dilakukan pada Bulan Juli sampai September 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis : deskripsi, SWOT. Hasil penelitian Strategi Pengembangan Agrowisata Kampung Budaya Padi Pandanwangi memiliki 11 kekuatan, 7 kelemahan, 7 peluang dan 4 ancaman. Adapun hasil SWOT terdapat sembilan alternatif strategi pengembangan yang dapat dijalankan oleh Pihak Agrowisata Kampung Budaya Pandanwangi di Kabupaten Cianjur.
EFESIENSI PRODUKSI PADA USAHATANI UBI JALAR (Suatu Kasus Pada Kelompok Tani Tunas Rahayu di Desa Sukaperna Kecamatan Talaga Kabupaten Majalengka)
Authors: Imelda Memey , Marina Ida , , Dinar
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi produksi usahatani ubi jalar dan tingkat efesiensi produksi usahatani ubi jalar dan untuk menganalisis tingkat efesiensi penggunaan faktor-faktor produksi  usahatani ubi jalar di Kelompok Tani Tunas Rahayu . Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Sukaperna Kecamatan Talaga Kabupaten Majalengka. Waktu penelitian dari bulan 05 September-29 September. Data yang dikumpulkan  merupakan data primer dan data sekunder. Penentuan responden dilakukan dengan cara teknik sampling jenuh , dengan jumlah 20 petani yang melakukan usahatani ubi jalar. Hasil penelitian regresi linear berganda menunjukkan bahwa variabel luas lahan dan bibit  berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap produksi usahatani ubi jalar  di Desa Sukaperna sedangkan variabel pupuk dan tenaga kerja tidak berpengarh terhadap usahatani ubi jalar. Sedangkan Hasil penelitian menggunakan analisis efisiensi alokatif ( harga) menunjukan bahwa variabel luas lahan dan bibit menunjukan belum efisien di kelompok Tani Tunas Rahayu. Dengan demikian hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan produksi ubi jalar di Desa Sukaperna.
UPAYA MENEKAN PERTUMBUHAN Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense PADA TANAMAN PISANG DENGAN APLIKASI BIOPESTISIDA NABATI DAUN SEREH WANGI (Cymbopogon Nardus L. Randel)
Authors: Widyasari Desi Agustini &
Published: April 2022

Penyakit layu fusarium, disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc), merupakan salah satu penyakit yang sangat merugikan pada tanaman pisang. Salah satu alternatif cara pengendalian yang ramah terhadap lingkungan adalah menggunakan pestisida nabati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji efektivitas biopestisida nabati daun sereh wangi untuk mengendalikan penyakit layu fusarium pada tanaman pisang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Fakultas Sains Terapan Universitas Suryakencana, Cianjur sejak Desember 2015 sampai Maret 2016. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium (in vitro) dan rumah kawat (in vivo), menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Pada penelitian ini mengunakan minyak atsiri sereh wangi dan ekstak daun sereh wangi serai wangi. Pengujian secara in vitro, menunjukkan bahwa minyak atsiri sereh wangi pada konsentrasi 1%, 3% dan 5% dapat menghambat 100% pertumbuhan cendawan Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense dan ekstrak daun sereh wangi pada konsentrasi 6% dapat menghambat 66,14% pertumbuhan jamur Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense. Hasil pengujian secara in vivo menunjukkan media tanaman+ekstrak daun sereh wangi 15% dapat menekan tingkat keparahan penyakit hingga 65%.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI HUBUNGAN KEMITRAAN ANTARA PETANI BUDIDAYA JAMUR TIRAM DENGAN CV. ASA AGRO CORPORATION
Authors: Heri Hermawan Asep Saepul Alam &
Published: April 2022

Konsep kemitraan merupakan salah satu upaya dalam mengatasi permasalahan pengusahaan skala ekonomi kecil dengan penguasaan lahan yang kecil dan teknologi budidaya yang sederhana, serta permodalan yang terbatas dalam usaha jamur tiram, sehingga konsep tersebut menghasilkan efisiensi dan energi sumberdaya yang dimiliki oleh pihak-pihak yang bermitra dan karenanya akan menguntungkan kedua belah pihak yang bermitra. Tujuan penelitian ini : (1) mengkaji pola hubungan kemitraan antara petani budidaya jamur tiram dengan CV. Asa Agro Corporation, (2) mengetahui komunikasi, kerjasama, kepercayaan dan komitmen mempengaruhi hubungan kemitraan antara petani budidaya jamur tiram dan CV. Asa Agro Corporation, (3) menganilisis faktor apakah yang paling berpengaruh dominan terhadap hubungan kemitraan antara petani budidaya jamur tiram dengan CV. Asa Agro Corporation. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Mangun Kerta, Kecamatan Cugenang dari bulan Februari-Juli 2016. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah petani yang bermitra dengan CV. Asa Agro Corporation sejumlah 50 orang. Analisi data menggunakan analisis deskriptif, uji F, uji t dan analisis Jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola hubungan yang dijalin antara petani kecil dengan CV. Asa Agro Corporation adalah pola kemitraan inti plasma. Faktor-faktor seperti Komunikasi, kerjasama,keprcayaan dan komitmen berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap kemitraan. Sementara secara parsial hanya faktor komitmen yang berpengaruh secara dominan terhadap kemitraan.
ANALISIS PERSEPSI PETANI TENTANG KEASLIAN DAN MUTU SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP HARGA DAN KEPERCAYAAN KONSUMEN BERAS PANDANWANGI (Studi pada Pembudidaya Padi Pandanwangi di Desa Mayak dan Cihaur, Kecamatan Cibeber)
Authors: Yahya Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Penelitian survey ini dilakukan di dua desa di kecamatan Cibeber yang merupakan wilayah penghasil beras pandanwangi. Dengan melibatkan 65 orang responden petani anggota Masyarakat Pelestari Padi Pandanwangi Cianjur (MP3C) diimplementasikan instrument penelitian yang berisikan empat variabel, yaitu Keaslian Beras, Mutu, Harga dan Kepercayaan Konsumen Beras Pandanwangi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi petani tentang pengaruh keaslian dan mutu beras terhadap harga dan kepercayaan konsumen beras pandanwangi. Data yang diperoleh diolah dengan tehnik analisis data Stuctural Equation Modeling (SEM) dan hasil analisis menunjukkan hal-hal sebagai berikut. Petani responden memahami beras pandanwangi yang asli merupakan beras dengan kualitas yang tinggi, mutu beras berpengaruh kepada harga jual beras pandanwangi. Kualitas beras yang tinggi biasanya berkaitan dengan harga yang tinggi pula. Petani paham bahwa keaslian beras merupakan hal yang penting untuk membangun dan mempertahankan konsumen. Petani responden juga memahami bahwa secara bersama-sama, keaslian, mutu dan harga beras berpengaruh kepada kepercayaan konsumen.
PENGARUH ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH (ZPT) DAMINOZID DAN GIBERELIN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PEMBUNGAAN PADI PANDANWANGI
Authors: Angga Adriana Ade Irvan &
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Giberelin yaitu GA3 dan Asam Absisat yaitu Daminozid terhadap pertumbuhan dan pembungaan padi Pandanwangi, dan menentukan kombinasi terbaik antara GA3 dan Daminozid. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dilahan sawah yang berlokasi di Kp. Balengbeng, Kecamatan Cibeber, Kabupaten Cianjur pada bulan April sampai Mei 2017. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengunakan metode Rancangan Acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 faktor. Factor pertama adalah konsentrasi GA3 yang terdiri dari dari tiga taraf yaitu G1 (100 ppm GA3), G2 (150 ppm GA3), G3 (200 ppm GA3), dan faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi Daminozid yang terdiri dari 3 taraf P1(100 ppm Daminozid), P2 (150 ppm Daminozid), P3 (200 ppm Daminozid). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis ragam atau analysis of variant (ANOVA) dengan menggunakan Instrumen SAS. Jika perlakuan menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata, dilanjutkan dengan Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) dengan taraf 5%, guna mengetahui perbedaan antar perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa G3P3 yaitu giberelin 200 ppm dan daminozid 200 ppm dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan jumlah rumpun dan pembungaan. Sedangkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dipengaruhi hanya giberelin saja 200 ppm.
PENGARUH BEBERAPA MEDIA TANAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN MICROGREENS BROKOLI (Brassica oleracea L.) DAN KUBIS MERAH (Brassica oleracea var capitata L.)
Authors: Trihaditia Riza , Sari Widya , Adha Maghfira Hikmatul
Published: April 2022

Sayuran dan buah merupakan hasil alam yang baik untuk dikonsumsi. Microgreens merupakan sayuran yang mengandung nutrisi dan vitamin lebih tinggi dari tumbuhan dewasa. Tanaman potensial microgreens salah satunya pada famili kubis (Brassicacea). Penggunaan media tanam untuk microgreens memiliki karakteristik kelembaban optimal 50%. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan microgreens brokoli dan kubis merah dengan penggunaan beberapa media tanam yang dilakukan pada Maret-Juli 2020 di Kebuun Percobaan  Kecamatan Cilaku, Cianjur. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial, faktor pertama jenis tanaman dengan 2 level yaitu, B=Brokoli dan K=Kubis merah, faktor kedua media tanam dengan 3 level yaitu, C=Cocopeat sebgai control, H=Humus bambu, dan A=Arang hayati (biochar) dengan 3 kali ulangan. Analisis data yang dilakukan ANOVA (α=0.05) dan uji lanjut dilakukan dengan Tukey’s (alpha=5%). Hasil menunjukan jenis tanaman memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter pertumbuhan, penggunaan beberapa media tanam tidak memberikan pegaruh yang nyata terhadap semua parameter pertumbuhan, dan tidak ada interaksi yang nyata antara jenis tanaman dan media tanam.