bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Direito Constitucional de Defesa
Authors: Buzanello José Carlos
Published: October 2022

O direito constitucional de defesa se insere no capítulo dos direitos fundamentais, que recebeu a seguinte fórmula genérica, no art. 5º, inciso LV, da Constituição Federal de 1988: “Aos litigantes em processo judicial ou administrativo, e aos acusados em geral são assegurados o contraditório e ampla defesa, com os meios e recursos a eles inerentes”. Com o direito de defesa, abre-se uma discussão sobre os “direitos fundamentais”, estruturando em formas jurídicas, ou seja, numa estrutura lógica da retórica constitucional.

Esse direito-garantia de defesa completa-se em pormenorizado detalhamento, por outros dispositivos constitucionais e legais, próprios para a ação política. A questão política aparece nas figuras da participação democrática e nos processos políticos mais gerais, como liberdades de associação, controle popular de atos do Estado, direito de petição, habeas corpus e muitos outros. Houve sensível retrocesso do instituto de defesa em operações anticorrupção, conhecida como “Lava Jato”.
Pessoas em situação de rua: avanços e dificuldades na consolidação das premissas constitucionais de 1988
Authors: Pavia Ana Maria Seixas Pamponet
Published: October 2022

Escrever sobre o tema das Pessoas em Situação de Rua, tem um significado especial para o avanço dos direitos e melhoria da convivência social com as minorias vulneráveis e invisíveis da sociedade. Esse fenômeno social, vem crescendo no mundo todo a partir de mudanças significativas nas relações de trabalho, família, sociedade e pela globalização, que aceleraram as diferenças e incentivaram a exclusão social. Tratar dos Direitos Fundamentais e da Dignidade da Pessoa Humana como vetor da Constituição Federal de 1988, torna-se imprescindível para que dentro da discussão social se busque alternativas que possam advir das políticas públicas e que são urgentes na efetivação desses princípios descritos como fundamento na Constituição Cidadã. O problema aqui tratado foi o papel do Estado na efetivação dos direitos quanto aos Moradores em Situação de Rua e assegurar a dignidade da pessoa humana, efetivando os Direitos Fundamentais, a liberdade e a vida para uma convivência mais justa. A pesquisa utilizada foi a bibliográfica, tendo como referência para a elaboração dos dados estatísticos o Guia de Atuação Ministerial e Ação Nacional- 2016, em defesa dos Direitos Fundamentais, elaborado pelo Conselho Nacional do Ministério Público que apresenta dados recentes, permitindo uma leitura analítica e crítica sobre essa situação.
O Falido e os Efeitos Civis da Falência na Perspectiva Constitucional da Dignidade da Pessoa Humana e da Valorização do Trabalho
Authors: Campos Filho Moacyr Lobato de
Published: October 2022

A presente reflexão, limitada em sua moldura pelo tema e pelas possibilidades de seu autor, encontra justificativa na questão relacionada a certos aspectos atinentes à figura do falido no campo do Direito Comercial, assim igualmente chamado Empresarial ou Mercantil[1], face à concepção e texto da Constituição da República, alcunhada Constituição Cidadã, que ora cumpre seu terceiro decênio de vigência.

 

[1]     Paula A. Forgioni, com fundamento em doutrina de direito estrangeiro, anota que, a despeito de alguma crença disseminada no sentido de que as expressões direito mercantil, empresarial e comercial assumiram significados diversos, as três expressões são sinônimas, porquanto, em todas as fases de sua evolução, esse ramo especial do direito sempre disciplinou atividades dos agentes econômicos, da geração de riqueza, fossem eles chamados mercadores, comerciantes ou empresários. (FORGIONI, Paula Andrea. Evolução do direito comercial brasileiro: da mercancia ao mercado. 3. ed. rev. atual. e ampl. São Paulo: Editora Revista dos Tribunais, 2016. p. 13).
Left Radical Movements in the World: Political and Legal Features
Authors: Akhyadov Elman , Kirillova Elena , Zenin Sergey
Published: October 2022

Background: In most Latin American states, a revolutionary situation persists after the Second World War. Left-wing radical armed groups have intensified guerrilla warfare, especially in Guatemala, Venezuela, Colombia, Nicaragua, Peru, and El Salvador.  Objective: to identify the historical characteristics and understand the development of guerilla movements.  Methods: The authors have chosen the case of Colombia since Russia has been strongly influenced by Marxist- Leninist ideology at the beginning of the 20th century.  Results: Readers, particularly in Russia, are little familiar with the history of Colombia, the authors dwell on the details of the development of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia.  Conclusions: authors compared activities of Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia with the work of similar movements in Russia, which help readers to better understand the conclusions reached by the authors.
Attention to vulnerable people in the First Constitutional and Social Transitory Chamber of the Supreme Court of the Republic in Lima
Authors: Huabil Carmen del Pilar Gamero , Núñez Lira Luis Alberto , Morillo Flores John Janel , Fúster Guillén Doris
Published: October 2022

Object of study: The objective of the research was to explain how vulnerable people are treated in the First Constitutional and Social Transitory Court of the Supreme Court of the Republic, in Lima; that is, how is the preferential treatment of people in vulnerable situations: people over 75 years of age, the disabled and others.
Methodology: A descriptive qualitative methodology was used, which allowed us to understand the way in which the fourteen participants in this research appreciated the phenomena or events through the understanding of the main aspects of the phenomena, of the facts under observation or of the relationships established by the subjects.  This research will provide a service to jurisdictional operators and citizens seeking fast and efficient jurisdictional protection; optimizing and improving the attention of the community in the judicial processes that reach this institution, based on conceptual formulations and implementation measures related to this problem.
Main results: The results show us that the attention to vulnerable persons in the First Supreme Court is inadequate due to the existing procedural overload; that is, it is not prompt, which affects compliance with the deadlines established in the legal regulations in force, of the controversies of the administrative process and will contribute to the modernization of the mentioned judicial body in order to provide a better service to its users.
Theoretical contributions: Rights must be complemented by political and social rights that allow the needs of the most vulnerable to be met, alleviating their suffering and providing them with opportunities for progress. To safeguard the vulnerable, bioethics must be considered in public policies by standardizing their care practices.
Alergija retiems ir egzotiniams gyvūnams
Authors: Šapronaitė Viltė , Kvedarienė Violeta
Published: October 2022

Kalbant apie alergijas gyvūnams, dažniausiai apsiribojama tik dviem tradiciniais augintiniais – šunimis ir katėmis. Visgi visos rūšys gali sukelti alergiją. Pastaraisiais dešimtmečiais vis daugiau žmonių laiko įvairių rūšių žinduolius, roplius ir paukščius namų aplinkoje, aprašoma daugiau alerginių reakcijų, kurias patiria šeimininkai. Dažniausiai pasireiškia kvėpavimo sistemos simptomai, o gyvūnų įkandimai gali sukelti anafilaksines reakcijas. Ekspozicija įkvepiamiems alergenams didina rinito, konjunktyvito ir astmos riziką. Dauguma alergenų priklauso lipokalinų, serumo albuminų ir sekretoglobulinų šeimoms. Serumo albuminai ir dalis lipokalinų pasižymi kryžminiu reaktyvumu. Sensitizuojantys baltymai nustatomi odos epitelyje, kailyje, šlapime, žvynuose, tačiau dauguma lieka nepatvirtinti arba nepakankamai aprašyti. Daugiausia tirti graužikų – jūrų kiaulyčių, pelių ir triušių alergenai. Alergijos diagnozei nustatyti dėl mažo komercinių ekstraktų prieinamumo atliekami dūriodūrio mėginiai. Molekulinė komponentinė diagnostika lengvina alergijos gyvūnui nustatymą ir diferenciaciją tarp pirminio įsijautrinimo ir kryžminių reakcijų.
LOPL gydymo optimizavimo svarba ir aklidinio / formoterolio veiksmingumas
Authors: Kalinauskaitė-Žukauskė Virginija
Published: October 2022

Lėtinė obstrukcinė plaučių liga (LOPL) yra dažna sergamumo ir mirtingumo priežastis visame pasaulyje. Patiriami kvėpavimo simptomai, apribota kasdienė veikla ir pomėgiai keičia gyvenimo kokybę. Nevaldomi ligos simptomai, paūmėjimai tarsi sukuria užburtą ratą ligai sparčiau vystytis. Ligos valdymui tenka reikšminga sveikatos priežiūros išlaidų dalis. Todėl būtina savalaikiai optimizuoti LOPL gydymą, valdyti ligos simptomus, retinti paūmėjimus, sulėtinti ligos vystymąsi ir užkirsti kelią komplikacijoms. Pernelyg didelis trumpo veikimo β2 agonistų vartojimas yra susijęs su ligos sunkumu ir simptomais, padidėjusia paūmėjimų rizika ir yra ženklas, kad nuolatinis medikamentinis gydymas turi būti peržiūrimas ir optimizuojamas. Nesant dažnų paūmėjimų, bet esant išreikštiems simptomams, tikslingas gydymas ilgo veikimo muskarino receptorių antagonisto / ilgo veikimo β2 agonisto deriniu. Vienas naujausių LOPL gydymui skiriamų derinių yra aklidinio bromidas ir formoterolio fumaratas, kurio veiksmingumas ir saugumas įrodytas didelės apimties tyrimais. Išsamesni duomenys pateikiami straipsnyje.
Name of Saints Between Byzantium and Europe
Authors: Mitterauer Michael
Published: October 2022

The text, which is an excerpt from a book about the city of Amalfi in the Middle Ages, examines the spread of the cultural practice of giving the name of the Mother of God in the Middle Ages from Byzantium to Europe and the development of the socalled " Marian group" of names around the names Mary (Maria) and Anna. The naming after the name of John the Baptist, which became the most popular male name was also related to the Mother of God and had its origins in Byzantium. The spread of Saints’ names was connected also with the cultural processes following icon veneration over iconoclasm in the middle of the 9th century. An important role in this spread during the Middle Ages was played by the Italian towns in Campania region, and especially Amalfi and Naples and their communications with Byzantium.
Feminist Mobilizations for Peace: The Bulgarian Branch of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (1918–1952)
Authors: Nazarska Georgeta
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the feminist mobilization in the first half of the 20th centuryby example of the Bulgarian branch of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (1918–1952). On the basis of archival documentation and data from the periodicals, the ideology, social foundations and activities of society are reconstructed. The study analyzes the profile of this formation, situated between transnational, social and maternal feminism, pacifism and nationalism.
Knowledge of Written Literary Norms of Bulgarian Language and Social Exclusion
Authors: Aleksova Krasimira , Stancheva Ruska
Published: October 2022

language attitudes; literary competence; linguistic behaviour; Bulgarian language, social exclusion; risk of povertyThe article defends the thesis that insufficient knowledge of standard language is a high risk factor for social exclusion. The work focuses on one aspect of social exclusion – the inability to form skills. The lack of basic competences, such as literary competence, is seen as a prerequisite for poverty. Based on a rich empirical material from a nationally representative survey of language attitudes, a high degree of lack of attitude awareness of the norm was found among two groups of respondents (living in misery and with an education lower than basic). Observations on the overall results of language test examining respondents' language behaviour, as well as observations on the linguistic behaviour of these two groups of respondents in relation to the application of each of seven written norms, show that language behaviour is twice as often deterministic by material than educational status. This proves that a lack of specific language skills increases the risk of poverty and is thus a high risk factor for social exclusion.
Literary History as a Minefield: “Explosive Literature”
Authors: Angelova Milena
Published: October 2022

This article is a review of the study entitled "Explosive Literature: Military Predictions, Partisan Narratives, Party Memoirs", authored by Maya Angelova.
Anti-Soviet Movement in Tusheti (Georgia) During World War II
Authors: Lekaidze Tamar , Bertlani Arsen
Published: October 2022

The paper deals with the activities of the Tush wing of the anti-Soviet organization ‘Samani’ (Young Fighters for the Prosperity of Georgia") created during the Second World War. Several illegal organizations led by Levan Gotua, Adam Bobghiashvili, Kote Khimshiashvili and others were established in Georgia during World War II, but Soviet Special Forces destroyed all of them. Over the course of the Second World War the Tush people, motivated by the desire of Georgia's independence, fantasied in the illusions, dared and from the high mountains of Tusheti confronted with the Soviet totalitarian state. Provided the Russian-Bolshevik regime, based on the studying the numerous archival material, we consider the twinkle of the idea of such a national movement like "Samani" as a special case study, and think that the work fulfilled by the Tush Samanels is more than a dream: in the shortest possible time and under the greatest political pressure, this movement carried out a complete paralysis of Soviet rule in the mountainous Tusheti. In the 1940s, the national liberation movement in Georgia took place in difficult historical conditions. The Tusheti community unfamiliar with the essence of the ideology of Nazism and Fascism, and convinced in the victory of Germany which was already approached the Caucasus Mountains, linked their dreams to the victory of Germany in the WWII. They considered the defeat of the Soviet Union by Germany as a favorable guarantee of Georgia's independence. The aim of the organization was to overthrow the Soviet Union, liberate Georgia from Russian influence, and bring the country out of the Soviet Union-German war unharmed. Shedding light on the ‘Saman’ movement is of great importance not only for clarifying the issue of the national liberation movement in Georgia, but also in the Caucasus.
Lost Future. Mykola Khvylovyi "Tram Letter"
Authors: Кryvoruchko Svitlana
Published: October 2022

Postcolonial landmarks of the early 21st century create the conditions for the revival and emergence of oppressed cultures, languages, and literatures in the recent past. These issues are especially acute during the war between Ukraine and Russia in 2022. The source should be sought in past historical conflicts, including the early 20th century. One of the powerful and talented artists who tried to revive, develop and rehabilitate the "Ukrainian" in the beginning 20-th century contrary to the official Russian system, there was a prominent Ukrainian writer Mykola Khvylovy (1893-1933), who literally gave his life for it. The scientific problem is to identify the aesthetic modernist dominants of Mykola Khvylovy's work. In addition to European principles, the formation of Ukrainian national identity at the language level traces in poetic works of art. The purpose is to study women's artistic images, consciousness and character of the heroine, conflicts between men and women, their attitude to family and child on the level of modernist principles in Mykola Khvylov's poetry "Tram Letter" in terms of poetic analysis. This reveals the ideas: the doom of person in the bloodshed and death of wars and revolutions; denial of humanity, love itself; Ukrainian national idea.
ETHICS IN SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH WITH REFERENCE TO HUMAN AND ANIMAL PARTICIPANTS
Authors: Alam Aftab , Matin Kashif
Published: October 2022

The present paper aims to discuss the ethics and ethical issues that come to light in the process of social science research specifically concerning human beings and animals that participate in such researches. Ethical tensions and issues are a part of the daily practice of all kinds of research. The researcher of the field of social sciences should deal carefully when the participants of the study are human being or animals or both because the process of research demands the researcher to be objective and completely focus on the aims and objectives of the problems and the other side rights of human beings and animals demand that they should not be hurt and misbehaved. This situation creates a dilemma and confusion puts into stress and anxiety for the researcher. The paper attempts to discuss especially those issues of human and animal participants that commonly create problem and difficulty for the researcher in the field of the research of social sciences. The paper also discusses the academic freedom and responsibilities of the researcher as well as why each research requires to go through the process of ethical approval. The paper also gives a detailed discussion about guiding ethical principles such as autonomy of researchers and academic institutions, free and informed consent from participants, privacy and confidentiality, harms and benefits and respect for a vulnerable person. Both, academic freedom and rights of human beings and animals have different demands and sometimes they come opposite to each other which creates problem to the researcher to balance in their research.
Stability and Structural Limits of Tennis
Authors: Liu Kunyang
Published: October 2022

A stable structure of tennis tower can be formed by stacking tennis balls to a certain structure. This paper will explore the structural stability of stacked tennis tower and the structural limit of the tennis tower and give the factors that limits the height growth of the tennis tower by experiments. It’s proved that the friction coefficient of tennis surface is not a constant but gradually decreases with the increase of the pressure applied. Based on this conclusion and experimental data, it is deduced that the practical stacking limit of tennis tower is about 11 layers.
ANALISIS DEBIT EMITTER PADA SISTEM IRIGASI VERTICAL GARDEN
Authors: Daud Arifin , Indriyati Citra , Selvia Ega Hilwa
Published: October 2022

Abstrak: Analisis Debit Emitter Pada Sistem Irigasi Vertical Garden. Vertical garden merupakan salah satu solusi untuk mengurangi dampak pemanasan global. Banyak faktor penting yang perlu diperhatikan dalam perencanaan vertical garden, salah satunya adalah sistem irigasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan sistem irigasi tetes dengan emitter. Emitter merupakan bagian penting dalam sistem irigasi terkait dengan kebutuhan air untuk tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis debit emitter dan menilai kinerja irigasi. Analisis pada debit emitter menggunakan variabel bukaan keran dan waktu. Sedangkan, parameter untuk menilai kinerja irigasi terdiri dari coefficient of variation discharge rate, statistical uniformity, field emission uniformity, emission uniformity, absolute emission uniformity, dan variation of emitter flow. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa debit maksimum didapat pada bukaan keran 900 dengan waktu 1 menit dan debit minimum diperoleh dari bukaan keran 300 dengan waktu 1 menit. Selain itu, untuk menilai kinerja irigasi diperoleh bukaan keran 300 tidak memenuhi semua parameter dan bukaan keran 900 memenuhi semua parameter. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa bukaan keran 900 dapat diterapkan pada bentuk vertical garden yang digunakan pada penelitian karena memiliki debit emitter maksimum dan kinerja irigasi yang baik.

Abstract: Analysis of Emitter Discharge in Vertical Garden Irrigation Systems A vertical garden is one solution to reduce the impact of global warming. Many essential factors need to be considered when planning a vertical garden, including the irrigation system. This study uses a drip irrigation system with an emitter. The emitter is a vital part of the irrigation system related to plant water requirements. This study aims to analyze emitter discharge and assess irrigation performance—analysis on emitter discharge using faucet opening and time variables. Meanwhile, the parameters to assess irrigation performance consist of coefficient of variation discharge rate, statistical uniformity, field emission uniformity, emission uniformity, absolute emission uniformity, and variation of emitter flow. Results showed that obtained the maximum discharge at faucet openings of 900 with a time of 1 minute, and the minimum release from faucet openings of 300 with a time of 1 minute. In addition, to assess irrigation performance, the 300 faucet opening did not meet all the parameters, and the 900 faucet opening met all the parameters. Therefore, we can conclude that applying 900 faucet openings to the vertical garden form is used in this study. Because it has a maximum emitter discharge and good irrigation performance.
MAKNA FILOSOFIS RUMAH ADAT GORONTALO (DULOHUPA DAN BANTAYO POBO’IDE)
Authors: Eka Rahmawati , Imran Mohammad
Published: October 2022

Abstrak: Makna Filosofis Rumah Adat Gorontalo (Dulohupa dan Bantayo Pobo’ide). Tujuan penelitian mengidentifikasi makna filosofis Rumah Adat Gorontalo. Metodeenelitian paradigma rasionalistik dengan lokasi Kota Gorontalo dan Kabupaten Limboto. Survey lapangan dilakukan pada bulan Januari – Februari 2016, dimulai dengan pengambilan data awal dilanjutkan dengan wawancara semi-terstruktur, observasi lapangan kemudian strukturisasi data, serta konfirmasi data dengan kenyataan dilapangan dan pandangan tokoh adat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makna filosofis keduanya sama pada bagian atap, bagian paling atas melambangkan kepercayaan masyarakat suku Gorontalo terhadap Allah.SWT dan bagian bawah ketaatan pada adat istiadat budayanya.Makna filosofis yang lebih mengacu pada falsafah adat gorontalo yaitu “adati hula-hula’a to sara’a, sara’a hula-hula’a to kuru’ani” karena menurut tinjauan historis Gorontalo, raja pertama masuk Islam sehingga semua adat istiadat budayanya menganut ajaran Islam.

Abstract: Philosophical Meaning Of Gorontalo Traditional House (Dulohupa And Bantayoobo'ide). The research objective is to identify the philosophical meaning of the Gorontalo Traditional House. The research method is rationalistic paradigm with the location of Gorontalo City and Limboto Regency. The field survey was conducted in January – February 2016, starting with initial data collection followed by semi-structured interviews, field observations and then data structuring, as well as confirmation of data with realities in the field and the views of traditional leaders. The results show that the philosophical meaning of both is the same on the roof, the upper part symbolizes the belief of the Gorontalo tribal community towards Allah SWT and the lower part is obedience to their cultural customs. to sara'a, sara'a hula-hula'a to kuru'ani” because according to the historical review of Gorontalo, the first king converted to Islam so that all of his cultural customs adhered to Islamic teachings.
PERANCANGAN PANTI REHABILITASI NARKOBA DI PROVINSI GORONTALO DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR ORGANIK
Authors: Djafar Ahmad , Bakhtiar Bakhtiar , Elawati Elawati
Published: October 2022

ABSTRAK

Perancangan Panti Rehabilitasi Narkoba Di Provinsi Goronatlo bertujuan untuk menyediakan fasilitas sarana dan prasarana Panti Rehabilitasi Narkoba Di Provinsi Gorontalo, dengan konsep  dalam Arsitektur digunakan untuk mencari yang sebenarnya harus dicapai dalam perancangan yang baik. Oleh karna itu suatu konsep desain sangat penting dilakukan, yang memiliki karakteristik dinamis dengan mempertahankan karakteristik lokal dan ciri khas daerah, maka pendekatan perancangan yang dilakukan ialah Arsitektur Organik. Perancangan Panti Rehabilitasi Narkoba ini merupakan wadah yang berfungsi sebagai tempat pengobatan dan penyembuhan korban atau pecandu Narkoba baik yang di Gorontalo maupun sekitarnya. dan luas lahan yang dibutuhkan dalam perancangan ini yaitu 5000 M2 yang di dalamnya terdapat ruang-ruang yang sesuai  dengan fungsinya, seperti ruang privat, publik, dan semi publik. Tak lupa juga fasilitas penunjang seperti raung olah raga, aula, sirkulasi dan taman. Dalam konsep desain kita juga harus memprhatikan sistem utilitas bangunan agar dapat memperindah bentuk dan penampilan baik di dalam maupun luar bangunan.

Kata Kunci : Panti Rehabilitasi Narkoba. Arsitektur Organik, ProvinsiGorontalo.

 

ABSTRACT AHMAD DJAFAR 201202001 Designing a Drug Rehabilitation Center in Gorontalo Province Using an Organic Architecture Approach Under the Guidance of Baktiar, ST., M.Ars Dan Elawati, S.Pd., M.Si

The design of the Drug Rehabilitation Center in Goronatlo Province aims to provide facilities and infrastructure for the Drug Rehabilitation Institution in Gorontalo Province, with the concept in architecture being used to find what should be achieved in a good design. Therefore, a design concept is very important to do, which has dynamic characteristics while maintaining local characteristics and regional characteristics, so the design approach taken is organic architecture. The design of the Drug Rehabilitation Center is a place for treatment and healing of drug addicts or victims both in Gorontalo and its surroundings. and the land area required in this design is 5000 M2, in which there are spaces that are in accordance with their functions, such as private, public, and semi-public spaces. Do not forget also supporting facilities such as sports roar, hall, circulation and garden. In the design concept we must also pay attention to the building utility system so that it can beautify the shape and appearance both inside and outside the building.

 

Keywords: Drug Rehabilitation Center. Organic Architecture, Gorontalo Province.
EVALUASI POSTUR KERJA OPERATOR PENGGILINGAN KELAPA BERBASIS METODE WORKPLACE ERGONOMIC RISK ASSESMENT DAN JOB STRAIN INDEX
Authors: Hidayatullah Iqbal Fikri , Mahbubah Nina Aini , Hidayat Hidayat
Published: October 2022

Home-industry is a job that depend on human labor. Coconut milling is a home-service which is depend on manual material handling through production process services. Early result based on Nordic Body Map questionnaire (NBM) exposed that coconut milling operators had skeletal muscle complaints, so an ergonomic risk evaluation was needed to prevent skeletal muscle disorders. The purpose of this study is to evaluate ergonomic risk in order to prevent coconut milling operators from being affected by musculoskeletal disorders. Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment (WERA) and Job Strain Index (JSI) are ergonomic approaches that are used based on the risk of repetitive motion, vibration strength, contact stress and task duration involving five main areas of the body, namely shoulders, wrists, back, neck and legs which can cause Musculoskeletal Disorders. The results showed an improvement in working posture which initially had a WERA value of 44 for operator 1 and 45 for operator 2, then improved to 27 at the low level. Furthermore, the improvement of working posture in the neck should be in a position of 10°-20° at medium level and moderate movement with multiplied pause activities. Conditions for improving work activities at the JSI value of 9 for operator 1 and 20 for operator 2 were then improved to 4.5. Improved working posture, namely in operator 1's wrist which is too bent, it is recommended for operator 1's wrist not to form an angle of less than 15° to reduce the risk.
TINJAUAN SCOPING REVIEW DAN STUDI KASUS
Authors: Utami Meinarini Catur , Jahar Asep Saifuddin , Zulkifli Zulkifli
Published: October 2022

Tinjauan pustaka perlu dilakukan dalam suatu penelitian, akan tetapi karena minimnya referensi terkait penyusunan tinjauan pustaka, masih banyak peneliti yang tidak memahami bagaimana menyusun sebuah tinjauan pustaka yang akan membantunya dalam pencarian novelty penelitiannya serta posisi penelitiannya ada di area mana,. Untuk itu, tujuan penulisan artikel ini memberikan panduan tentang penyusunan tinjauan pustaka dengan metode penyusunan artikel menggunakan identifikasi wacana dari berbagai sumber serta analisis deskriptif berupa review penerapan tinjauan pustaka dalam karya ilmiah sebagai studi kasus. Terdapat tinjauan pustaka Scoping Review yang memiliki 6 tahapan di mana tahapan terakhir merupakan optional. Pada tahap ke-3 banyak penelitian menggunakan framework PRISMA (The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) untuk proses seleksi sumber literatur yang telah dikumpulkan.  Pada artikel ini, penulis menggunakan 2 disertasi (dalam dan luar negeri) dan 1 jurnal publikasi (dalam negeri) sebagai studi kasus. Langkah-langkah metode Scoping Review yang dikerjakan sudah sesuai teori. Pada disertasi dalam negeri, tinjauan pustaka digunakan sebagai salah satu metode penelitian yang membantu peneliti dalam menyusun model pengukuran teknologi informasi sebagai dasar rekomendasi kebijakan yang akan diusulkan, sedangkan untuk disertasi luar negeri dan jurnal dalam negeri menggunakan Scoping Review sebagai metode utama penelitian (a stand-alone review) untuk menghasilkan usulan theoritical framework
Categorial Independence and Lévy Processes
Authors:   University of Greifswald, Germany, Gerhold Malte , Lachs Stephanie ,   University of Greifswald, Germany, Schürmann Michael ,   University of Greifswald, Germany
Published: October 2022

We generalize Franz' independence in tensor categories with inclusions from two morphisms (which represent generalized random variables) to arbitrary ordered families of morphisms. We will see that this only works consistently if the unit object is an initial object, in which case the inclusions can be defined starting from the tensor category alone. The obtained independence for morphisms is called categorial independence. We define categorial Lévy processes on every tensor category with initial unit object and present a construction generalizing the reconstruction of a Lévy process from its convolution semigroup via the Daniell-Kolmogorov theorem. Finally, we discuss examples showing that many known independences from algebra as well as from (noncommutative) probability are special cases of categorial independence.
Mass Production of 2021 KMTNet Microlensing Planets. I
Authors: Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Kil Jung Youn , Yang Hongjing , Gould Andrew , Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Han Cheongho , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yee Jennifer C. , Zang Weicheng , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Chung-Uk , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W.
Published: October 2022

We inaugurate a program of “mass production” of microlensing planets discovered in 2021 KMTNet data, with the aim of laying the basis for future statistical studies. While we ultimately plan to quickly publish all 2021 planets meeting some minimal criteria, the current sample of four was chosen simply on the basis of having low initial estimates of the planet–host mass ratio, q. It is therefore notable that two members of this sample suffer from a degeneracy in the normalized source radius ρ that arises from different morphologies of closely spaced caustics. All four planets (KMT-2021-BLG-1391, KMT-2021-BLG-1253, KMT-2021-BLG-1372, KMT-2021-BLG-0748) have well-characterized mass ratios, q, and therefore are suitable for mass-ratio frequency studies. Both of the ρ degeneracies can be resolved by future adaptive optics (AO) observations on 30 m class telescopes. We provide general guidance for such AO observations for all events in anticipation of the prospect that they will revolutionize the field of microlensing planets.
Accelerated Bayesian SED Modeling Using Amortized Neural Posterior Estimation
Authors: Hahn ChangHoon , Melchior Peter
Published: October 2022

State-of-the-art spectral energy distribution (SED) analyses use a Bayesian framework to infer the physical properties of galaxies from observed photometry or spectra. They require sampling from a high-dimensional space of SED model parameters and take >10–100 CPU hr per galaxy, which renders them practically infeasible for analyzing the billions of galaxies that will be observed by upcoming galaxy surveys (e.g., the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument, the Prime Focus Spectrograph, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, the James Webb Space Telescope, and the Roman Space Telescope). In this work, we present an alternative scalable approach to rigorous Bayesian inference using Amortized Neural Posterior Estimation (ANPE). ANPE is a simulation-based inference method that employs neural networks to estimate posterior probability distributions over the full range of observations. Once trained, it requires no additional model evaluations to estimate the posterior. We present, and publicly release, SEDflow, an ANPE method for producing the posteriors of the recent Hahn et al. SED model from optical photometry and redshift. SEDflow takes ∼1 s per galaxy to obtain the posterior distributions of 12 model parameters, all of which are in excellent agreement with traditional Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling results. We also apply SEDflow to 33,884 galaxies in the NASA–Sloan Atlas and publicly release their posteriors.
The Initial Magnetic Field Distribution in AB Stars
Authors: Farrell Eoin , Jermyn Adam S. , Cantiello Matteo , Foreman-Mackey Daniel
Published: October 2022

Stars are born with magnetic fields, but the distribution of their initial field strengths remains uncertain. We combine observations with theoretical models of magnetic field evolution to infer the initial distribution of magnetic fields for AB stars in the mass range of 1.6–3.4 M
⊙. We tested a variety of distributions with different shapes and found that a distribution with a mean of ∼800 G and a full width of ∼600 G is most consistent with the observed fraction of strongly magnetized stars as a function of mass. Our most-favored distribution is a Gaussian with a mean of μ = 770 G and standard deviation of σ = 146 G. Independent approaches to measure the typical field strength suggest values closer to 2–3 kG, a discrepancy that could suggest a mass-dependent and bimodal initial field distribution, or an alternative theoretical picture for the origin of these magnetic fields.
MEGASIM: Lifetimes and Resonances of Earth Trojan Asteroids—The Death of Primordial ETAs?
Authors: Yeager Travis , Golovich Nathan
Published: October 2022

We present an analysis of lifetimes and resonances of Earth Trojan Asteroids (ETAs) in the MEGASIM data set. Trojan asteroids co-orbit the Sun with a planet, but remain bound to the Lagrange points, L4 (60° leading the planet) or L5 (60° trailing). In the circular three-body approximation, the stability of a Trojan asteroid depends on the ratio of the host planet mass and the central mass. For the inner planets, the range of stability becomes increasingly small, so perturbations from the planets have made primordial Trojans rare. To date, there have been just two ETAs (2010 TK7 and 2020 XL5), several Mars Trojans, and a Venus Trojan discovered. The estimated lifetimes of the known inner system Trojans are shorter than a million years, suggesting they are interlopers rather than members of a stable and long-lasting population. With the largest ETA n-body simulation to date, we are able to track their survival across a wide initialized parameter space. We find that the remaining fraction of ETAs over time is well fit with a stretched exponential function that, when extrapolated beyond our simulation run time, predicts zero ETAs by 2.33 Gyr. We also show correlations between ETA ejections and the periods of the Milankovitch cycles. Though Earth’s orbital dynamics dominate the instabilities of ETAs, we provide evidence that ETA ejections are linked to resonances found in the variation of the orbital elements of many if not all of the planets.
Forward Modeling of Magnetic Field Measurements at the Bases of Stellar Coronae through Extreme-ultraviolet Spectroscopy
Authors: Liu Xianyu , Tian Hui , Chen Yajie , Li Wenxian , Jin Meng , Bai Xianyong , Yang Zihao
Published: October 2022

Measurements of the stellar coronal magnetic field are of great importance for understanding stellar magnetic activity, yet such measurements have been extremely difficult to obtain. Recent studies proposed a new method of obtaining magnetic field measurements based on the magnetic-field-induced transition (MIT) of the Fe x ion. Here we construct a series of stellar coronal magnetohydrodynamics models and synthesize several Fe x emission lines at extreme-ultraviolet wavelengths, and then diagnose the magnetic field strength at the bases of the coronae using the MIT technique. Our results show that the technique can be applied to some stars with magnetic fields more than three times higher than that of the Sun at solar maximum. Furthermore, we investigate the uncertainty of the derived magnetic field strength caused by photon counting errors and find that a signal-noise ratio of ∼50 for the Fe x 175 Å line is required to achieve effective measurements of the stellar coronal magnetic field.
The disambiguation of people names in biological collections
Authors: Groom Quentin , Bräuchler Christian , Cubey Robert , Dillen Mathias , Huybrechts Pieter , Kearney Nicole , Klazenga Niels , Leachman Siobhan , Paul Deborah L , Rogers Heather , Santos Joaquim , Shorthouse David , Vaughan Alison , von Mering Sabine , Haston Elspeth
Published: October 2022

Scientific collections have been built by people. For hundreds of years, people have collected, studied, identified, preserved, documented and curated collection specimens. Understanding who those people are is of interest to historians, but much more can be made of these data by other stakeholders once they have been linked to the people’s identities and their biographies. Knowing who people are helps us attribute work correctly, validate data and understand the scientific contribution of people and institutions. We can evaluate the work they have done, the interests they have, the places they have worked and what they have created from the specimens they have collected. The problem is that all we know about most of the people associated with collections are their names written on specimens. Disambiguating these people is the challenge that this paper addresses. Disambiguation of people often proves difficult in isolation and can result in staff or researchers independently trying to determine the identity of specific individuals over and over again. By sharing biographical data and building an open, collectively maintained dataset with shared knowledge, expertise and resources, it is possible to collectively deduce the identities of individuals, aggregate biographical information for each person, reduce duplication of effort and share the information locally and globally. The authors of this paper aspire to disambiguate all person names efficiently and fully in all their variations across the entirety of the biological sciences, starting with collections. Towards that vision, this paper has three key aims: to improve the linking, validation, enhancement and valorisation of person-related information within and between collections, databases and publications; to suggest good practice for identifying people involved in biological collections; and to promote coordination amongst all stakeholders, including individuals, natural history collections, institutions, learned societies, government agencies and data aggregators.
A new species of the genus Siambathynella Camacho, Watiroyram & Brancelj, 2011 (Crustacea, Bathynellacea, Parabathynellidae) from a Thai cave
Authors: Camacho Ana I. , Leclerc Philippe
Published: October 2022

Siambathynella janineanasp. nov. (family Parabathynellidae) discovered in Thailand is herein described. The new species displays an exclusive character: a distinctive organ on the antennule of males. It also displays a unique combination of morphological characters, including a seven-segmented antennule and antenna, sexual dimorphism of the antennule, a one-segmented exopod on thoracopod I and a two-segmented one on thoracopods II to VII, a male thoracopod VIII without basipodial setae and with a trapezoidal outer lobe, a female thoracopod VIII with two denticles at the base of two setae, pleopods absent, a sympod of the uropod with an inhomonomous row of spines and an uropod endopod with a spinous distal process and a very large distal spine covered with setules.

This is the fifth record of Bathynellacea (family Parabathynellidae) found in caves in Thailand.
L’éducation physique en temps de pandémie : quelles leçons en tirer pour le « monde d’après » ?
Authors: Lenzen Benoît , Houssin Élise , Forest Emmanuelle , Borgès Cecilia
Published: October 2022

Plusieurs indicateurs laissent à penser que les contraintes dues à la pandémie de covid-19 et les préoccupations sanitaires que celle-ci a générées ont renforcé l’influence latente sur le curriculum d’une tradition d’enseignement de l’éducation physique (EP) comme éducation à la santé, au détriment d’autres finalités et contenus de cette discipline scolaire. Dans la première partie de cette contribution, nous décrivons l’enseignement de l’EP dans le canton de Genève, en Écosse, en France et dans la province de Québec durant la première vague de la pandémie. Cette description témoigne effectivement d’un resserrement du curriculum autour de la promotion de l’activité physique et la santé. Dans la seconde partie, nous discutons des enjeux et risques liés à l’éventuelle pérennisation, dans le monde d’après, des manières d’enseigner l’EP qui ont émergé dans l’urgence durant cette première vague. Ceux-ci concernent (a) une EP sanitaire, (b) une EP externalisée, et (c) une EP uniformisée.
L’effet de la pandémie sur l’enseignement de l’histoire et de la citoyenneté
Authors: Heimberg Charles
Published: October 2022

Cette contribution témoigne à la fois de l’expérience de la traversée de la pandémie de covid-19 et de ses effets sur un enseignement de didactique des sciences sociales et de la citoyenneté, y compris en ce qui concerne sa contribution à la compréhension des enjeux sociétaux de la crise. Pour le présent et le passé, l’enseignement de l’histoire permet de percevoir la pandémie comme un révélateur des inégalités sociales ; de montrer l’importance d’une observation sur plusieurs échelles spatiales et temporelles ; et surtout de mettre en lien cette expérience forte de l’incertitude au présent avec des incertitudes du passé. Pour le présent et l’avenir, l’étude du déroulement et de la complexité de la pandémie contribuent au développement d’une faculté de discernement, autour de ses deux piliers étroitement imbriqués que sont les savoirs et le caractère non-prescriptif de leur construction. Alors que l’issue reste incertaine, des savoirs et une pensée critique que l’on s’approprie ont encore à produire du discernement et de l’autonomie.
Évaluation du choc d’approvisionnement
Authors: Dauvin Magali
Published: October 2022

La reprise de l’économie mondiale en 2021 a été chahutée par des contraintes grandissantes sur les chaînes d’approvisionnement. Dans cette étude spéciale, nous détaillons la façon dont nous avons évalué l’impact de ces contraintes sur le PIB de trois pays (la France, l’Allemagne, et les États-Unis) de 2020 jusqu’à l’horizon de notre prévision de printemps, 2023. Nos résultats indiquent que les difficultés d’approvisionnement en 2021 ont pesé à hauteur de 0,7 point sur la croissance du PIB allemand, contre 0,2 point sur le PIB français et américain. Cela tient principalement à la part du secteur industriel en Allemagne (20 %), presque deux fois plus important que dans les deux autres pays. En 2022, l’impact sur la croissance du PIB reste élevé en Allemagne (-0,6 point) mais diminue par rapport en 2021. C’est également le cas aux États-Unis (-0,1 point). En revanche, le PIB français est légèrement plus affecté par les contraintes pesant sur l’offre, à hauteur de 0,3 point. Enfin, nous inscrivons un relâchement des contraintes à partir de la mi 2022 jusqu’à 2023 si bien que l’effet est soit nul soit positif sur la croissance du PIB dans les trois pays.
La fabrique du privilège du désir
Authors: Lévy-Guillain Rébecca
Published: October 2022

Les grandes enquêtes quantitatives ont constaté l’existence de différences sociales dans les manières de vivre le désir sexuel. Envisageant ces différences comme un foyer d’inégalités dans la sexualité, cet article cherche à comprendre comment se fabriquent de telles différences entre groupes sociaux, notamment en fonction du genre et de la classe sociale. S’appuyant sur une enquête par entretiens biographiques conduits auprès d’individus aux profils sociaux diversifiés, il envisage l’apprentissage du désir comme un parcours qui commence au cours de l’enfance et se poursuit tout au long de la vie, et qui met en jeu des expériences se déroulant dans plusieurs sphères sociales. Il montre alors que la socialisation au désir opère en transmettant un ensemble de dispositions corporelles – via la pratique répétée d’activités physiques – et de dispositions mentales – via l’incorporation instantanée ou conscientisée de cadres interprétatifs et de répertoires de significations. Ainsi, l’article établit, d’une part, que les hommes sont davantage socialisés au désir que les femmes. Il conclut, d’autre part, que la socialisation enfantine et juvénile que connaissent les femmes issues des classes populaires inscrit plus durablement des dispositions au désir que celle qui s’opère à l’âge adulte, chez les femmes appartenant aux classes moyennes et supérieures, et via l’appropriation de grilles d’analyses féministes ou psychologiques.
L’homophilie sociale au collège
Authors: Chabot Timothée
Published: October 2022

La plupart des travaux portant sur la mixité sociale au collège se sont focalisés sur la composition socioprofessionnelle des établissements. En revanche, l’état des relations entre élèves au sein des établissements mixtes est mal connu. Se pose en particulier la question de l’homophilie sociale, c’est-à-dire de la propension des élèves à avoir des amis dont l’origine sociale est proche de la leur. Le présent article analyse les réseaux de relations de 861 élèves suivis entre leurs classes de 6 e et de 3 e , au sein de quatre collèges caractérisés par un fort degré de mixité sociale. Il mesure l’impact de l’origine socioprofessionnelle sur les amitiés et inimitiés des élèves, et le compare à celui d’autres facteurs d’homophilie (genre, notes et origine migratoire). Trois grands résultats sont identifiés. D’abord, il existe bien de l’homophilie sociale, plus prononcée parmi les amitiés fortes ainsi que celles qui se déploient à l’extérieur de l’établissement. Ensuite, l’origine sociale ne semble pas avoir d’effet significatif sur les inimitiés entre élèves. Enfin, la force de l’homophilie varie fortement d’un établissement à l’autre, suggérant un rôle important du contexte scolaire local.
Des parcours migratoires aux positions économiques : ce que les migrations complexes changent à l’insertion des immigrés
Authors: Caron Louise
Published: October 2022

Cet article interroge ce qu’une meilleure prise en compte des expériences migratoires antérieures apporte à la compréhension des processus d’intégration des immigrés dans le pays de destination. En se fondant sur les données de l’enquête « Trajectoires et Origines » (TeO) (Ined-Insee, 2008-2009), il décrit d’abord la diversité des parcours géographiques passés des immigrés en France grâce à des analyses de séquences qui mettent au jour plusieurs formes de migrations complexes (transit de courte durée, transit de longue durée, épisodes migratoires épars avant l’arrivée en France, allers-retours après l’installation en métropole). Des régressions montrent ensuite en particulier que les trajectoires marquées par des migrations de transit sont associées à des situations économiques et résidentielles plus favorables en France. Différents mécanismes explicatifs sont discutés, comme l’hypothèse de disparités dans les ressources initiales et acquises au cours de la migration. Ces analyses confirment que la spécificité des trajectoires migratoires constitue une dimension supplémentaire pertinente pour rendre compte de l’hétérogénéité des positions socioéconomiques des immigrés.