bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modernisasi Lembaga Pendidikan Pesantren
Authors: Bashori Bashori
Published: June 2021

Pesantren is an Islamic institution which has the advantage of both aspects of the scientific tradition as well as the transmission side and the intensity of the Muslims. The rise of globalization has threatened the existence of pesantren, so it appears the idea of modernizing the environment of schools to the challenges of social transformation needs. But many people worry about the idea of modernization-oriented pesantren of the present can affect idenitas and primary function of pesantren education institutions. Therefore, it is important we discus and further analyze how the role of the modernization of pesantren education institutions today. Pesantren merupakan lembaga pendidikan Islam yang memiliki keunggulan baik dari aspek tradisi keilmuannya maupun sisi transmisi dan intensitas umat Islam. Derasnya arus globalisasi telah mengancam eksistensi pesantren sehingga muncul gagasan modernisasi dilingkungan pesantren demi menjawab tantangan kebutuhan transformasi sosial. Akan tetapi banyak kalangan mengkhawatirkan tentang gagasan modernisasi pesantren yang berorientasi kekinian dapat mempengaruhi idenitas dan fungsi pokok lembaga pendidikan pesantren. Oleh karena itu, perlu kiranya kita membahas dan menganalisis lebih jauh bagaimana peranan modernisasi lembaga pendidikan pesantren saat ini.
Front Matter Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan
Authors: Matter Front
Published: June 2021

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Local Strongmen At The Village Level: The Conflict Of The Demolition Of The First Raja Brawijaya ‘Petilasan’ At Sudimoro Village, Jombang
Authors: Huda Mirojul , Yunas Novy Setia
Published: June 2021

Having been enacted since 2014, the Act No. 6/2014 has given a spirit and a huge authority to the villages in developing their potential resources. Unfortunately, those special authorities have not been fcollowed by the leadership’s capacity of the village’s head. This paper attempts to analyze the rise of local actors so-called local strongmen at the village level. This study uses Sidel (1999) perspective on how to seek local strongmen in local area at Sudimoro Village, Megaluh District in Jombang Regency. In case, the head of Sudimoro village produces a despotic action by unloading and dredging the historical land where there was a petilasan from King of Majapahit, well-known as Raja Brawijaya 1. Then, this action eventually triggered a conflict in the middle of its society and has been solved after the hall of cultural heritage of the government of Jombang Regency has intervened. This paper concluded that the high of authority and power would potentially rise the new local strongmen at the village level. Therefore, the existence of the principle of recognition and subsidiarity owned by the village is only used by a few local elites for their interests without any accountability and accessibility for the society.
The Inequality of Right and Obligation of Minangkabau Men in Matrilineal System
Authors: Meiyenti Sri , Afrida Afrida
Published: June 2021

Matrilineal in Minangkabau is well-known, especially by social scientists. This research is also deal with matrilineal in Minangkabau society. It specifically focuses on the position of men in the matrilineal andtheir view of the position.This research was conducted in Padang by a qualitative method. Data were collected from participant observations and in-depth interview. Research findings showed that Minangkabau men experienced an imbalance between obligations and rights in kinship.They were honored as the leader of their relative through some social and economic responsibilities. On the other hand, they did not have a complete right to the economic resources that are controlled by the woman. The men were discriminated against based on this regulation. There are massive differences between men and women related to the legacy. There were numerous abandoned men in their old age. However, the Minangkabau men did not consider it because of the effect of matrilineal customs.
Planning For Participative Development Based On Local Values: Case Study of Kelurahan Lambuang Bukik, Kota Padang
Authors: Tamrin Tamrin , Zulfadli Zulfadli , Asrinaldi Asrinaldi , Zetra Aidinil
Published: June 2021

Participatory development is the idea of the World Bank to link democracy with good the governance, an idea is a form of change in the development paradigm of developing countries from a modernization approach to an ecological approach. Local values as elements that are not related to modernization are ignored in the development process. This article explains about participatory development methods through a political culture approach. So that development participation involves the values of the local identity. Based on the use of the Adult Learning Circle or Learning Circle Based on Experience method that is applied to the implementation of community service in the LambuangBukik village, Padang City, it was found that the use of local community identity in the implementation of participatory development is more likely to form a broad community participation in development planning
Vocational Education Transformation Toward Maturity and Business Motivation
Authors: Hefni Hefni
Published: June 2021

Indonesia must be ready to face the Asia Pacific 2020 free market. One thing that the authors focus on in this paper is that creative, dynamic and ready to compete human resources, reform and transformation and development in the field of vocational education (vocational) is wrong one author's opinion in this paper. Vocational education (vocational) is one of the solutions to improving Indonesia's Human Resources, because vocational education creates people who are ready to work in the field of work that is available on the field nationally and internationally and has the ability to open new jobs. The embodiment of creative human resources is the responsibility of education, especially vocational education, especially in preparing students to become subjects whose role is to showcase their strong, creative, independent, and professional excellence in their respective fields. This is because education is a process of humanizing humanity in the sense of actualizing all of its potentials into abilities that can be utilized in their daily lives in the wider community. One aspect that must be improved in vocational education is the management of education including teaching staff, in addition to facilities and infrastructure. This is very important to do with the aim that students have a vocational maturity and foster mental development or entrepreneurship motivation. Vocational education not only instills concepts, but rather focuses on understanding and work processes, therefore, for the advancement of vocational education, the potential of teaching staff and the completeness of facilities and infrastructure must be the main factors that must be reformed.
Analysis of Factor Causing The Low Interest of Student Continuing Education at SMAN 1 IV Koto Aur Malintang West Sumatra
Authors: Harisnawati Harisnawati , Rahayu Sri , Sumarni Rima
Published: June 2021

This research is motivated by the problem of low interest of students continuing their education to tertiary education at SMA Negeri IV Koto Aur Malintang, Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors causing the low student interest in continuing education at the Higher Education. This research uses descriptive qualitative research method. The research participants were determined by purposive sampling consisting of Principals, Teachers and Grade 3 Students who did not participate the National Selection for State Higher Education Entrance (SNMPTN) in accordance with a quota of 25% (school accreditation B) of the number of grade 3 students registered for SMAN IV Koto AurMalintang, Padang Pariaman Regency. Data was collected through document studies, and interviews and then reduced, presented and concluded. The results showed that there were several factors that caused the low interest of students at SMAN IV Koto Aur Malintang Padang Pariaman in continuing their education to tertiary institutions. The first was due to economic factors, secondly the attraction of going out of the town, thirdly the lack of parental support due to the economy and low education of the parents as well as environmental factors.
Taiwan Goverments Responsibility For The Provision of Public Facilities Detrimental To The Community
Authors: Hidayatulloh Muhammad Afif , Anjasmara Rafiqi , Imaniar Imaniar
Published: June 2021

This article aims to analyze Taiwan's government accountability for fishermen who are working in the waters of Nanfangao, Taiwan. Jeremy Bentham through his book "Introduction to the morals and legislation" states that legal duty is nurturing goodness and preventing evil, so the law should provide benefits or usability for the crowd (to serve Utili TY). The community as a basic component can sue the government if in other cases raises losses on the management of public facilities and infrastructure. It also relates to the Taiwan government's liability for legal protection, for which the state's responsibility has been regulated in the SCL (State Compensation Law) or the Taiwan State Compensation Act. As for that would be a case study of bridge collapse which is one of the disability management of state-owned public facilities that cause harm to the community in Taiwan. That article 2 SCL describes the country or Government of Taiwan shall be liable for any form of loss, property damage and loss of life arising from the management of the state's public facilities. This is a real example of the application of Taiwan's accountability to public services as a form of legal protection to the public. The concept of the responsibility in Indonesia is governed by article 1365 BW, that personal accountability is caused by individual events and legal acts. There is a comparative study of government and local Government accountability within the scope of administrative law..
Paddy Pangirai Woman in Nagari Sungai Janiah
Authors: Karia Waza Akbar , Ariesta Ariesta
Published: June 2021

West Sumatra is one of the biggest rice producing regions in Indonesia. One of these areas is located in Solok Regency, but this is inversely proportional to the economic conditions of the community. There are still many who live below the poverty line. We can find this in Nagari Sungai Janiah, where in this area the community, especially women, work as paddy pangirai. The work is occupied by women because they have no other work and there is no agricultural land to be cultivated. The women in Nagari Sungai Janiah change their functions as paddy pangirai, they no longer find work as day laborers. This happens because of the large number of land use changes. In addition, farmers prefer to work their own farmland. The socio-economic life of rice suppliers is still far from feasible, they need funds for children's schooling, daily expenses. There is competition among paddy pengirai this happens because they are racing to get much paddy.
The Resistance of Farmer Groups in Protected Forest Management
Authors: Isnaini Isnaini , Rezkina Sarmida
Published: June 2021

The use and utilization of forests by most people who live on the edge of the forest is something that has been done for generations. One of the forests managed by the community is Gunung Leco Forest in Nagari Desa Baru, Pasaman Regency. However, this utilization cannot be carried out continuously because of the changing status of the forest from community forest to protected forest. This study aims to describe the form of social movements of farmer groups on the determination of forests into protected forests. This study uses qualitative research, data collection is done by in-depth interviews, observation and study of documents. The results showed that the farmer groups are still processing forests into oil palm plantations. They made a defensive effort by uprooting protected forest crossings sign which is installed inthe forest, organizing the gardening period, cutting down the oil palm they had planted. To date no agreement has yet been reached to resolve this conflict.
Modern methods of cooling permafrost ground beds of multi-storey residential buildings
Authors: Plotnikov Аleksandr А. , Guryanov Georgy R.
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Introduction. The bearing capacity of soil in the frozen state is much higher than its bearing capacity at positive temperatures. Therefore, it makes sense to use frozen soil as the footing of a building in permafrost regions. However, the preservation of soil in the frozen state in a built-up area is a challenging engineering problem despite low average annual air temperatures (below –4 °C).

Materials and methods. The co-authors employed numerical methods to study the temperature regime of the footing using TEMRA software. This software was developed at MISI – MGSU (State Registration Certificate 2016618937); it solves non-stationary thermophysical problems by the enthalpy method with regard for the phase transitions of the bound moisture in the temperature range.

Results. Two approaches are used to preserve building footings in the frozen state: natural seasonal surface cooling and deep cooling, on the one hand, and reducing the thermal effect produced by the building on footing soils, on the other hand. In the first case, the surface under the building is cooled with air in the winter season using the cold ventilated space under the building, the so-called “ventilated basement”. Deep cooling is carried out using Seasonal Cooling Devices (SCD) that employs air-soil heat exchange with the help of pipes, filled with the heat transfer agent during the winter period. A change in the average annual air temperature inside the ventilated basement and seasonal insulation of its walls or the ground bed can reduce the thermal effect, produced by the building.

Conclusions. The most effective way to keep ground beds of multi-storey residential buildings frozen is the thermal insulation of the footing surface in combination with deep liquid cooling devices.
Experimentos de elección: preferencias declaradas de alimentos orgánicos para una política de inocuidad alimentaria
Authors: Valdés Castro Y. Roxana , Valdivia Alcalá Ramón , Pérez Armendáriz Beatriz , Mayett Moreno Yésica
Published: June 2021

En la presente investigación se exponen las razones que justifican estimar valores económicos de atributos en inocuidad alimentaria para el jitomate orgánico (Solanum lycopersicum). El problema central de la investigación fue conocer las preferencias económicas de las amas de casa del municipio de Ecatepec de Morelos, México, agrupadas en: normas, calidad nutricional, procesos de control de los alimentos, información y contaminación ambiental; así como también identificar la elección que incide en el bienestar de las amas de casa. Para ello, se analizaron escenarios con diferentes niveles de atributos en políticas de inocuidad alimentaria mediante un Experimento de Elección (EE). Los resultados mostraron que las decisiones de las amas de casa acerca de la implementación de una política en inocuidad alimentaria estuvieron influidas principalmente por el atributo: información.
minería social como alternativa de gestión colectiva de recursos en la propiedad social
Authors: Morales Lormendez Ignacio , Navarro Garza Hermilio , Flores Sánchez Diego
Published: June 2021

La minería social se considera una opción histórica para el desarrollo local, frente a la modalidad dominante de la minería comercial de interés de grandes empresas internacionales y nacionales, misma que ha desposeído recientemente de millones de ha a los propietarios originales. La minería social es un tipo de pequeña y mediana minería donde participan ejidos y comunidades agrarias, dedicadas principalmente al aprovechamiento y valoración de minerales no metálicos, contemplada como opción y oportunidad para el desarrollo económico, organizacional y social. Se utilizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y cuestionarios para identificar los procesos y situación organizativa de la comunidad, recabar datos sobre producción, costos e ingresos por la venta de mármol. Se encontró que la comunidad agraria ha generado su propia estructura organizativa, y modalidades normativas que regulan el acceso al recurso; las características de las organizaciones de productores determinan la capacidad de su sistema relacional para comercialización, obtención de créditos, transacciones con compradores y gestión de procesos institucionales. Es necesario consolidar la organización comunitaria y la integración de las cooperativas productoras de mármol para incursionar en encadenamientos de valor agregado.
movimiento social de la unión campesina Emiliano Zapata Vive en defensa del territorio y los desafíos en la construcción de un desarrollo rural alternativo
Authors: Ramírez Juárez Javier
Published: June 2021

El gobierno del estado de Puebla diseñó el Proyecto Millenium con el objetivo de promover la urbanización y la industrialización en alrededor de cinco mil hectáreas, en la región Tepeaca-Tecamachalco e inició la compra de tierras para la construcción de una carretera en el año 2000. A este proceso se resistieron los campesinos y habitantes de la región formando un movimiento social de la Unión Campesina Emiliano Zapata Vive. El trabajo analiza los elementos constituyentes de la identidad colectiva, el conflicto y la contribución del movimiento social a un desarrollo rural alternativo. El indagar sobre la identidad colectiva, especialmente sobre el modo de vida campesino aporta elementos sobre el papel de la agricultura en su reproducción social, en un marco de exclusión y desvaloración económica y social de este sector social.
Situación socioeconómica de la producción y comercialización de totomoxtle en el Estado de Puebla, México
Authors: Flores Rosales Martha del Carmen , Hernández Guzmán J. Arahón , Antonio López Pedro , Gil Muñoz Abel , Parra Inzunza Filemón , Hortelano-Santa Rosa Rene
Published: June 2021

En México, el aprovechamiento integral del maíz complementa ingresos de la unidad de producción. Esta investigación se realizó en el estado de Puebla, México, para documentar aspectos sociales y económicos vinculados a la produc1ción, acopio y comercialización de totomoxtle en las regiones de Puebla, Serdán y Tehuacán. En 2011 se aplicaron 33 cuestionarios a comercializadores de totomoxtle en los principales mercados del estado. Otro instrumento se aplicó a 47 productores de totomoxtle en las localidades que suministraron el mayor volumen de totomoxtle a esos mercados. Con la información obtenida se calcularon estadísticos descriptivos, y se realizaron análisis de varianza, componentes principales, conglomerados y correspondencia. Se encontró que el mayor porcentaje del totomoxtle que se comercializa en los principales mercados provino de localidades relativamente cercanas a ellos. El 100% de los productores que comercializaron totomoxtle utilizaron semilla de poblaciones nativas de maíz seleccionada del ciclo anterior. Hubo diferencias entre productores de totomoxtle, atribuibles a variables económicas (vinculadas a la ganancia derivada de la venta de productos del maíz), productivas, y a otras asociadas con el tiempo dedicado a la producción y aprovechamiento del totomoxtle. La mayoría de los productores (59.6%) tuvo una relación beneficio-costo menor a uno cuándo sólo aprovecharon el grano del maíz; este beneficio se incrementó entre 8.3 y 31.2% al agregar el aprovechamiento del totomoxtle. Productores de Altepexi (región Tehuacán) obtuvieron los mayores volúmenes de grano y totomoxtle, y los más altos beneficios por la venta de ambos productos. El 11% de los productores consideró que la producción de totomoxtle es más relevante que la producción de grano, mientras que 76% de ellos confirió la misma importancia a la producción de grano y de totomoxtle.
planeación participativa comunitaria como herramienta metodológica para la conformación de sujetos colectivos rurales
Authors: Rojas Herrera J. José , Del Rosal Valladares Rogel
Published: June 2021

En este artículo se comparten los resultados derivados de la ejecución de un proyecto de investigación-acción bajo el método del diagnóstico y la planeación comunitaria participativa, realizado en 17 comunidades rurales de cuatro estados de la República mexicana. El objetivo general del proyecto consistió en realizar diagnósticos participativos que condujeran a la elaboración de planes de desarrollo comunitario de carácter integral, concebidos como herramientas de planeación y conducción del desarrollo local. Entre los resultados alcanzados destacan el alto grado de apropiación de la metodología por parte de los participantes, la identificación de problemas comunes y el descubrimiento de potencialidades subyacentes, tales como: la existencia de abundantes recursos naturales y de infraestructura productiva instalada, la prevalencia de prácticas de trabajo colectivo voluntario y no remunerado, y diversos componentes de capital social en estado latente. Con base en lo anterior, es posible concluir que la metodología utilizada contribuye a la configuración de sujetos colectivos rurales con proyecto propio y que, por ende, las comunidades que han participado están ahora mejor capacitadas, desde el punto de vista organizacional, para retener a la población en sus lugares de origen y para evitar caer en la tragedia de los comunes.
Evaluación de la capacidad de carga en los senderos de turismo de luciérnagas, Nanacamilpa, Tlaxcala
Authors: García Trujillo Zazil Ha Mucui Kac , Almeraya Quintero Silvia X. , Guajardo Hernández Lenin G. , Torres Pérez Jorge A.
Published: June 2021

La conservación de ecosistemas forestales a través del ecoturismo es una de las opciones que contempla beneficios sociales, ambientales y económicos, cuando un destino ecoturístico está en desarrollo es importante hacer estudios que generen información para planificar a largo plazo el manejo ambiental y preservar las condiciones necesarias para un desarrollo sustentable. En los últimos tres años, se ha incrementado el número de visitantes a la zona, En 2015 el flujo de visitantes fue de 71 636, registrando un incremento del 27% respecto a 2014, En 2016 se registró un flujo de 90 000 turistas, reflejando un incremento de 26% respecto a 2015. El objetivo fue calcular la capacidad de carga en los senderos de avistamiento de la luciérnaga en Nanacamilpa, Tlaxcala para determinar el número de turistas adecuado para la infraestructura existente basada en la metodología propuesta por Cifuentes. Esta metodología permite determinar cuantas personas pueden visitar un sitio sin dañar el hábitat. En la temporada 2016 se recibió un promedio de 1200 visitantes al día y el estudio arrojó un máximo permisible de 466 visitantes por día en todos los senderos, esto indica que se está sobrepasando la capacidad de resiliencia del ecosistema. Se encontró que la cantidad de visitantes actuales sobrepasa la capacidad de carga óptima poniendo en riesgo la conservación del fenómeno natural e impactando socialmente por el número de visitantes que requieren servicios locales para los cuales la infraestructura actual no es suficiente.
Análisis comparativo de tres organismos operadores de agua potable en el noroeste de Michoacán
Authors: Pimentel Equihua José L. , Velázquez Machuca Martha A. , Cervantes Martínez América A.
Published: June 2021

El presente trabajo analiza y compara la gestión de tres organismos operadores de agua potable a poblaciones urbanas. El propósito es identificar cuál organismo operador realiza la mejor gestión y discutir cuáles de los indicadores utilizados podrían favorecer este resultado. Se estudian los casos de Sahuayo, Jiquilpan y Venustiano Carranza, Michoacán, a partir de indicadores de eficiencia y eficacia en la gestión: porcentaje de población abastecida, intermitencia o tandeos, horas de abasto al dí­a, calidad del agua, tamaño del sistema, descentralización, tarifas, morosidad, sobreeempleo y autonomía financiera. Los resultados indican que el organismo operador de Venustiano Carranza tiene los indicadores más favorables: menor intermitencia y mayor número de horas/dí­a del servicio, mejor calidad del agua (percepción), menor morosidad y mayor relación ingresos/egresos; una situación contraria se encontró para los sistemas de Sahuayo y Jiquilpan. El menor tamaño del organismo operador de agua municipal (OOAPAS) de Venustiano Carranza, mayor descentralización hacia las comunidades rurales (manejo autogestivo de los sistemas) y los menores costos por pozo podrían estar favoreciendo su autonomía financiera. A pesar de las diferencias en su eficiencia y eficacia, los tres organismos operadores han alcanzado una cobertura de agua potable mayor a la media nacional y cuentan con mecanismos compensatorios en el pago de tarifas para usuarios con escasos recursos. Un aspecto negativo de los tres OOAPAS es que no cuentan con mecanismos para garantizar la participación directa de los usuarios en la gestión.
Dexrazoxane decreases the cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin in osteosarcoma patients without increasing mortality from secondary malignant neoplasms
Authors: Przybycien Thomas S
Published: June 2021

A clinical decision report appraising:

Schwartz CL, Wexler LH, Krailo MD, et al. Intensified chemotherapy with dexrazoxane cardioprotection in newly diagnosed nonmetastatic osteosarcoma: A report from the Children’s Oncology Group. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2016;63(1):54-615. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.25753

for a patient with osteosarcoma and concerns about the risk of secondary malignant neoplasms that attend use of dexarazoxane.
From The Editor: Clinical Decision Science: Experience can be shared; can it be taught?
Authors: Meza James Peter
Published: June 2021

The editor reflects on the biopsychosocial model of clinical decision making and whether it can be taught in clinical medicine.
Aplicación web para el análisis de emociones y atención de estudiantes
Authors: Piedrahíta-Carvajal Alejandro , Rodríguez-Marín Paula Andrea , Terraza-Arciniegas Daniel F. , Amaya-Gómez Mauricio , Duque-Muñoz Leonardo , Martínez-Vargas Juan David
Published: June 2021

El análisis de emociones y el monitoreo del nivel de atención de los estudiantes en entornos virtuales permite a los docentes tomar acciones para mejorar los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Por esta razón, este trabajo presenta la integración de dos modelos: uno para el reconocimiento de emociones y otro para el análisis de atención, ambos con el objetivo de hacer monitoreo durante la interacción de un estudiante en entornos virtuales. Dicha integración se realiza en una plataforma web desarrollada en el entorno flask, en la que se pueden ejecutar los modelos de inteligencia artificial utilizados para la interacción. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la plataforma podría ser utilizada por docentes como mediadores del conocimiento, para entender el comportamiento de los estudiantes en entornos virtuales tanto síncronos como asíncronos, y para tomar acciones que mejoren la experiencia de aprendizaje. Como ventaja adicional, los resultados aquí mostrados resaltan las ventajas que trae utilizar el Modelo Vista Controlador (MVC) en aplicaciones web, empleando e integrando técnicas de inteligencia artificial a través del framework Flask.
Bienestar espiritual de enfermeros de las unidades de cuidado intensivo en pandemia
Authors: Ruiz-Roa Silvia Liliana
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Determinar el bienestar espiritual y su relación con variables demográficas y profesionales en enfermeros que se desempeñan en Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo (UCI) durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, transversal que determinó los niveles de bienestar espiritual mediante la escala de perspectiva espiritual (SPS) de Pamela Reed, en 116 enfermeros que actúan en UCI durante la emergencia sanitaria del COVID-19 de junio a julio de 2020. La relación de las variables se determinó empleando el test de Fisher y las diferencias entre los grupos usando Mann-Withney y ANOVA. Fueron consideradas diferencias estadísticas significativas con p<0,05. Resultados: Los participantes fueron predominantemente del sexo femenino, con edades inferiores a 45 años, estado civil soltero y con pregrado como máximo nivel de formación. Se observaron altos niveles de práctica, creencia y bienestar espiritual independiente de la situación de salud pública. Conclusión: La perspectiva espiritual se comporta de manera diferenciada según la edad, género, estado civil, formación académica e ingresos económicos. El alto bienestar espiritual en el enfermero que labora en UCI durante la pandemia del COVID-19, es una fortaleza que puede apoyar el mantenimiento de su salud mental, mejorando su capacidad de respuesta en escenarios de crisis.
Primary Breast Osteosarcoma; a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Omranipour Ramesh , Ensani Fereshteh , Hassanesfahani Maryam
Published: June 2021

Primary breast osteosarcoma (PBOS) is an extremely rare and poor
prognostic malignancy that has not a definitive treatment guideline.
Here we presented a successfully treated case of PBOS and provided a
comprehensive review of the literature which revealed the divergence of
opinions regarding the histogenesis and management of this malignancy.
Expanding the Phenotypic and Genetic Spectrum of Neuromuscular Diseases Caused by DYNC1H1 Mutations
Authors: Li Jia-Tong , Dong Si-qi , Chen Xiangjun
Published: June 2021

Objective: Spinal muscular atrophy, lower limb-dominant (SMA-LED), and
Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2O (CMT2O) are two kinds of familial
neuromuscular diseases. In this study, we reported two patients with
CMT2O caused by DYNC1H1 mutations and further analyzed the
genotype-phenotype correlations. Methods: Two CMT2O patients and their
parents’ clinical data were collected and genetic analysis was applied.
PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang Data were searched, and all
publications that met the inclusion criteria were carefully screened.
Results: Genetic testing of our two CMT2O patients revealed heterozygous
mutations DYNC1H1 c.1792C>T/p.R598C and
c.790C>G/p.R264G, respectively. Next, a total of 22
original published articles were included and analyzed. Compared to
SMA-LED, CMT2O patients had no proximal-dominant wasting, more
distal-dominant weakness of lower limbs and more sensory abnormalities.
Genotype-phenotype analysis revealed that mutations in the DYN1 region
of DYNC1H1 protein were associated with a more severe phenotype, more
complicated symptoms and more involvement of the central nervous system
than that in the DHC_N1 region. Conclusion: Our findings of the
phenotypic differences between SMA-LED and CMT2O patients provide
references for early diagnosis and differentiation of the two diseases.
The genotype-phenotype correlation may reflect the pathogenesis
underlying dyneinopathy caused by DYNC1H1 mutations.
Comparative riverscape genomics of the rainbow darter (Etheostoma caeruleum) in glaciated and unglaciated environments
Authors: Luiken Jon , Gamble Tony , Berendzen Peter
Published: June 2021

Periodic glaciation during the Quaternary period shaped the contemporary
riverscape and distribution of freshwater fishes in the Mississippi
River drainage of central North America. The rainbow darter
(Etheostoma caeruleum) is a member of this ichthyofauna and has a
disjunct distribution in glaciated and unglaciated environments west of
the Mississippi River. The aim of this study was to utilize genome-wide
SNP data to compare the population genomic structure of the rainbow
darter in river networks with disparate glacial histories; the Volga
River in the glaciated upper Mississippi River basin and the Meramec
River in the unglaciated Ozark Plateau. Individuals were sampled from
localities within each river system at distances dictated by the
organismal life history and habitat preferences. Riverscape analyses
were performed on three datasets: total combined localities of both
rivers and one for each river independently. The results revealed a
lasting influence of historic glaciation on the population genomic
structure of rainbow darter populations. There was evidence of
population expansion into the glaciated northern region following
glacial retreat. The population genetic signature within the Volga River
did not fit expectations of the stream hierarchy model, but revealed a
pattern of repeated colonization and extirpation due to cyclic
glaciation. The population within the unglaciated Meramec River adhered
to the stream hierarchy model, with a directional order of genetic
diversity based on the life history and habitat preferences of the
species. These results demonstrate the necessity to consider the
geologic and climatic history of a region as well as the life history of
an organism when interpreting spatial genetic patterns.
Utilization of the fractal dimension metric in training of dense Neural Networks
Authors: Stoyanov Kalin , Hristov Jordan
Published: June 2021

The process of training of Artificial Neural Networks essentially is
optimization of the values of the weights $ w_{pq} $ associated
with the arcs, connecting the nodes of the layers. This is a process of
minimization of the Loss function (maximization of Accuracy function).
During the training, the training data set recursively is utilized at
subsequent stages, called \textit{Epochs}. The training
continues until a satisfactory values of the Loss, Accuracy etc.
parameters are reached. The matrices $ W^{UV} $ comprising the
weights of the arcs connecting the layers $ U $ and $ V $, can be
regarded as gray-scale images of a surface. Starting as random matrices,
processed by recursive procedures, they gradually become fractal
structures, characterized with respective fractal dimension $ D_f $.
In the presented article we have made an attempt to utilize the
correspondence of $ D_f $ with the Loss/Accuracy values, in order to
forecast the optimal ending point of the NN training process. Similar
conclusions were made for the correspondence between the number of
layer’s nodes and $ D_f $. An attempt to apply statistically more
rigorous approach in the determination of the slope of the regression
line in Richardson-Mandelbrot plot, was made.
Espiritismo, materialismo e a evolução dos conceitos de matéria e vazio
Authors: Terini Ricardo
Published: June 2021

O Espiritismo foi elaborado, desde o princípio, como uma Ciência com objeto próprio: o estudo das relações entre os Espíritos encarnados e os desencarnados, e suas consequências filosóficas e morais. De acordo com Kardec, o materialismo é o principal problema ideológico da humanidade, a causa potencial de consequências morais trágicas, a que a Ciência e a Filosofia espíritas se contrapõem. A filosofia materialista, assim como outras correntes filosóficas idealistas e espiritualistas, admitem o progresso das chamadas Ciências Naturais como uma de suas bases, porém consideram que o fundamento de toda a realidade está apenas no campo da matéria. A concepção científica de matéria foi sendo modificada com o tempo e é necessário atentar para o seu significado quando da elaboração das obras de Kardec, em comparação com o entendimento atual, para não criar mal-entendidos quando se divulga as idéias básicas do Espiritismo. O presente artigo faz uma síntese histórica do desenvolvimento das ideias científicas sobre a essência da matéria e do vazio, analisando sua eventual influência nas bases da filosofia materialista. Por outro lado, é interessante analisar as previsões sobre essas questões feitas pelos Espíritos nas obras espíritas fundamentais e compará-las com as idéias científicas atuais. Notaremos neste artigo que, apesar da influência do materialismo, na essência, a Ciência tem caminhado na direção prevista pelos Espíritos, além de clarear cada vez mais a nossa compreensão dos conceitos doutrinários.
Beyond Military Humanitarian Intervention: From Assassination to Election Hacking?
Authors: Leveringhaus Alexander
Published: June 2021

This paper critically examines the implications of technology for the ethics of intervention and vice versa, especially regarding (but not limited to) the concept of military humanitarian intervention (MHI). To do so, it uses two recent pro-interventionist proposals as lenses through which to analyse the relationship between interventionism and technology. These are A. Altman and C.H. Wellman’s argument for the assassination of tyrannical leaders, and C. Fabre’s case for foreign electoral subversion. Existing and emerging technologies, the paper contends, play an important role in realising these proposals. This illustrates the potential of technology to facilitate interventionist practices that transcend the traditional concept of MHI, with its reliance on kinetic force and large-scale military operations. The question, of course, is whether this is normatively desirable. Here, the paper takes a critical view. While there is no knockdown argument against either assassination or electoral subversion for humanitarian purposes, both approaches face similar challenges, most notably regarding public accountability, effectiveness, and appropriate regulatory frameworks. The paper concludes by making alternative suggestions for how technology can be utilised to improve the protection of human rights. Overall, the paper shows that an engagement with technology is fruitful and necessary for the ethics of intervention.
On the Rationality and Ethics of Nuclear Deterrence
Authors: Dupuy Jean-Pierre
Published: June 2021

Beginning with a brief outline of the ethical contradictions inherent to nuclear deterrence, this paper highlights the flaws of commonly acknowledged theories regarding the efficiency of nuclear threats. The paper concludes that a theory of “existential deterrence” is the only way to somewhat safeguard the rationality of nuclear deterrence. The backbone of this contention is a metaphysics of time according to which the actual and the potential coincide, and future events necessarily occur. In that framework nuclear deterrence appears to be an ethical abomination.
Agricultural education in Bulgaria – traditions and future
Authors:   Agricultural University-Plovdiv, Yancheva Svetla , Ivanova Boryana ,   Agricultural University-Plovdiv, Yancheva Hristina ,   Agricultural University-Plovdiv
Published: June 2021

The foundations of Bulgarian higher agricultural education date back to 1921. Until then, agricultural university graduates were trained in France, Germany, Italy and other European countries. In 1945, based on the Regents’ Council Decree No 180 of August 4th, published in the State Gazette on August 20th, the Ordinance setting up a state university located in Plovdiv was enacted. Nowadays, the Agricultural University (AU) is the successor of that first university situated outside the capital Sofia. The history and traditions of this higher educational establishment have invariably followed the social and cultural development of the country, which has gone through difficult and complicated political and economic times. Even today, the Agricultural University in Plovdiv is the only specialized state university in Bulgaria in the area of agricultural and related sciences of national, European, and international high prestige. The purpose of the present review is to present the traditions and challenges in agricultural education in Bulgaria. The University draws strength from the rich tradition but looks to the future and global problems to provide accurate decisions to the challenges of the twenty-first century in agricultural education, science, and safe food production for a better quality of life.
Management of the pests in the conventional and biological systems for pea growing
Authors:   Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute - Plovdiv, Yankova Vinelina , Markova Dima ,   Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute - Plovdiv, Kalapchieva Slavka ,   Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute - Plovdiv
Published: June 2021

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a valuable grain legume crop, the seeds of which are used for human food and fodder. The seeds are consumed in a mature or green state. The priorities of the peas as a crop are the following: it is a legume, which enriches the soil with nitrogen; peas are the best possible precursor - clears the areas early; non-particular to soil and growing conditions; high protein content crop. However, the growing process of this crop could be worse by various pests that lead to product quality decay or they could even destroy the pea production. Economically important pests in field cultivation of peas are: pea aphid (Acyrthosyphon pisum Harris), pea weevil (Bruchus pisi L.) and pea moths (Laspeyresia nigricana Step. and Laspeyresia dorsana L.). Field experiments on pea variety Paldin were conducted at the Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Plovdiv to determine the effectiveness of different plant protection products against a natural background of pest infestation. The biological activity of the insecticides Deca EC 50 ml/da (a. i. deltamethrin), Oasis 5 EC 25 ml/da (a. i. esfenvalerate), Piretro Natura 75 ml/da (a. i. pyrethrins), Neem Azal T/C 0.3% (a. i. azadirachtin), Naturalis 100 ml/da (a. i. Beauveria bassiana), Dipel 2 X 100 g/da (a. i. Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki strain ABTS) and Rapax 100 ml/da (a. i. Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki, strain EG 2348) against the main pests of peas in conventional and biological production systems was established.
Correlation between silane concentration and temperature operated toward conductivity of well-synthesized chitosan-fly ash composite membrane
Authors: Rahmatulloh Arief , Atmadja Lukman
Published: June 2021

Composite membrane is synthesized using well-synthesized chitosan as matrix crosslink with fly ash as filler and modified using 3-glicydyloxypropyltrimetoxy silane coupling agent. XRD analysis is carried out to characterize fly ash. While, FTIR characterization is conducted to determine the interaction between chitosan matrix and fly ash that has been modified using silane. The emergence of a new absorption at wave numbers 1118.64 cm-1 shows the interaction between silane and fly ash. In addition, the widening of OH absorption shows that hydrogen bonds are formed between the silane and chitosan. The interaction is also demonstrated by the evenly distributed hills and valleys on AFM topography analysis. Characterizing the composite membrane with TGA analysis is done to determine thermal stability. While, proton conductivity of the composite membranes are measured using EIS. The highest conductivity values are obtained with the addition of 5 % silane concentration of 2.75?10-4 S cm-1 at room temperature, 3.995?10-4 S cm-1 at 40 ?C, and 3.909?10-4 S cm-1 at 60 ?C. On the contrary, measurements at 80 ?C, decomposition in all composite membranes occur. Thus, the crosslinked composite membrane chitosan?fly ash prepared by silane-crosslinking technique has potential to be applied with polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC).
Effect of Recombinant Human Parathyroid Hormone (1-84) on Resolution of Active Charcot Neuro-osteoarthropathy in Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Petrova Nina L , Donaldson Nicholas K. , Bates Maureen , Tang Wegin , Jemmott Timothy , Morris Victoria , Dew Tracy , Meacock Lisa , Elias David A. , Moniz Cajetan F. , Edmonds Michael E.
Published: June 2021

Objectives:
Fractures in Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy (CN) often fail to heal despite
prolonged immobilization with below-knee casting. The aim of the study was to
assess the efficacy of recombinant human parathyroid hormone (PTH) in reducing
time to resolution of CN and healing of fractures.

Research Design and
Methods: People with diabetes and acute (active) Charcot foot were
randomized (double-blind) to either full length PTH (1-84) or placebo therapy -
both in addition to below-knee casting and Calcium and Vitamin D3
supplementation. The primary outcome was resolution of CN, defined as a skin
foot temperature difference below 2°C at two consecutive monthly visits.

Results: Median time to
resolution was 5 months (95% CI 4, 12) in intervention and 6 months (95% CI 2,
9) in control. There was no significant difference in time to resolution
between the groups (mixed effects logistic regression; p=0.64). The hazard
ratio of resolution was 0.84 (95% CI 0.41, 1.74), p=0.64 and the odds ratio of
resolution by 12 months was 1.22 (0.90, 1.67), p=0.20 (intervention versus
control). On linear regression analysis, there were no significant differences
in the effect of treatment on fracture scores quantitated on magnetic resonance
imaging scans (coef= 0.13; 95% CI -0.62, 0.88;
p=0.73) and on foot and ankle X-rays (coef= 0.30; 95% CI -0.03, 0.63;
p=0.07).

Conclusions: This
double-blind placebo-controlled trial did not reduce time to resolution or
enhance fracture healing of CN. There was no added benefit of daily intervention
with PTH (1-84) to below-knee casting in achieving earlier resolution of CN.
An Empirical Tire-Wear Model for Heavy-Goods Vehicles
Authors: Lepine Julien , Na Xiaoxiang , Cebon David
Published: June 2021

Tire selection has an important impact on the operational costs of heavy-goods vehicles (HGVs). HGV tires are designed on a tradeoff between wear resistance, rolling resistance, and adhesion (skid resistance). High wear resistance tires (high mileage) are replaced less often but use more fuel during operation, and vice versa for low rolling resistance tires. Presently, finding the optimal tire to minimize replacement costs and fuel consumption (greenhouse gas emissions) is challenging due to the difficulty in predicting tire wear for a given operation, since its rate varies with different vehicle configurations (e.g., load, vehicle length, number of axles, type of axle, etc.) and road types (e.g., motorways/highways, minor roads, urban roads, etc.).

This article presents a novel empirical tire-wear model that can be used to predict the wear for multi-axle vehicles based on route data and a vehicle model. The first part of the article presents the analytical and experimental development of the model. The second part presents the experimental validation of the model based on 10 months of in-service data totaling 37,000 km of operation. The model predicts tire tread depth within 8% (average error of 2%).
PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS PELAPORAN KERUSAKAN DAN KEGIATAN PENINGKATAN RUAS JALAN DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Rachmanda Dipa Fitra
Published: June 2021

Roads are one of the factors that support the development of the region as a whole. Management of reporting of damaged roads at Bandar Lampung Public Works Agency still uses paper documents and the dissemination of road information to the community is not good enough. Therefore, in this study a geographic information system (GIS) will be developed as an innovation to simplify the process of reporting damaged roads to be more efficient and to better disseminate information to the public. GIS is a system designed to work with data that is spatially referenced or geographic coordinates. The design of this system uses Use Case, Activity Diagram, Sequence Diagram, and Class Diagram. The system implementation uses Google Maps API and is developed using PHP and Javascript programming languages and MySQL database. Based on the results of the analysis of system testing, the average value of the overall test obtained was 3,78. Which is looked Based on interval table of the Likert scale, the final value of test shows that GIS was successful. The results of the black box test also show that each function in each menu on the system has been running according to the procedure.