bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROSPECTS OF STUDYING PROPOLIS IN TAJIKISTAN
Authors:   Institute of Chemistry named by V.I. Nikitin, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, MUKHIDINOV Z.K. , USMANOVA S.R. ,   Institute of Chemistry named by V.I. Nikitin, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, NASYROVA F.YU. ,   Institute of Botany, Plant Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

This review provides information on propolis – a product derived from resin, balsamic and rubberized, which are collected by bees from flowers, buds and exudates of plants. This is a popular medication of folk medicine, which has a wide range of biological activity. Its biological properties are related to its chemical composition and, more particularly, to phenolic compounds, which differ in their structure and concentration depending on the region of production, the availability of sources for the collection of plant resins, the genetic variability of the queen bee, the technology used for the production and season, in which propolis is produced. The discussed analytical methods used for the separation and identification of constituents of propolis, its pharmacological properties, as well as prospects for the study of propolis in Tajikistan. Keywords: Bees, propolis, properties, phenolic compounds, pharmacological properties, application.
PHARMACEUTICAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE SAMANIDS EPOCH
Authors:   Medical College of Kanibadam, Kanibadam, Tajikistan, NURIYON A.R. , YUSUFI S.D. ,   Chair of Pharmacognosy and Organization of Pharmacy Economics, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

In this review, from a historical point of view, the state of pharmacology and pharmacy described in the era of the Samanid’s. Studying the fundamental works of native and foreign authors allowed drawing a conclusion about a well high level of development of medicine and pharmacy in this period. A great contribution of scholars of the Samanid’s era noted in the formation and further development of world medical science and pharmacy. Keywords: Samanid’s era, pharmacy, phytotherapy, traditional medicine.
CHANGE OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION OF COLORECTAL CANCER IN KAZAKHSTAN AFTER INTRODUCTION OF SCREENING
Authors:   Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, KAYDAROVA D.R. , ZHYLKAYDAROVA A.ZH. ,   Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, AKHETOV A.A. ,   Medical Centre Hospital of President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan, SHANAZAROV N.A. ,   Medical Centre Hospital of President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan, BATYRBEKOV K.U. ,   Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: March 2023

Objective: To assess the change in the epidemiological situation of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Kazakhstan after the introduction of screening. Methods: Retrospectively, according to regional reports on endoscopic screening conducted an analysis general morbidity of CRC in the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Results: The highest incidence of CRC in Kazakhstan was registered in Pavlodar (14.5%), North Kazakhstan (14.1%), Almaty (12.1%), Kostanay (11.5%), East Kazakhstan (11.0%), Karaganda (10.7%), Akmola (10.1%) regions and Astana City (8.8%). The average indicator for the Kazakhstan as a whole was 11.6%. Our data confirmed the fact that CRC is more often registered among males. In the analysis of the age-specific incidence of CRC, it is revealed the increase with age this peak morbidity falls on the age category over 70 years. Unit weight indicators of I-II, III and IV stages of newly identified cases of CRC for 2004-2014 clearly shows an increase in the specific weight of the I-II stage by almost 2 times (from 35% to 67.4%) by reducing for the specified period of specific weight of IV stages from 19.3% to 13.1% and stage III more than 2 times (from 45.7% to 19.5%). Conclusion: The analysis of the prevalence of CRC, both in the regions and in the Republic of Kazakhstan as a whole, has shown an increase of morbidity rates of given pathology. The stage-by-stage prevalence of morbidity shows its increase due to the I and II stages from 2011 when the population screening of CRC was introduced. This allows to speak about the positive economic effect of screening since the treatment of I and II stages of CRC requires significantly less funds. Keywords: Endoscopic screening, colonoscopy, colorectal cancer, epidemiological situation.
TERRITORIAL AND ETHNIC PECULIARITIES OF DISTRIBUTION OF ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKAEMIA IN CHILDREN'S POPULATION IN KYRGYZSTAN
Authors:   Department of Surgical Diseases, International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, USENOVA A.A.
Published: March 2023

Objective: Study of territorial and ethnic features of the spread of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in the children of Kyrgyzstan. Methods: The study covers the period from 2006 to 2016 years. All research materials were included, all cases of ALL according to the data of special institutions using statistical methods for processing the received information (SPSS 16.0). Results: During the specified period, 310 cases of ALL were registered in children (age category from 0 to 14 years) in Kyrgyzstan. Most of the high morbidity rates were in Bishkek with an indicator of morbidity 20.80 per 1 million population and Jalal-Abad region with an indicator of 20.08, the lowest values ​​were obtained in Naryn and Batken regions – 15.26 and 11.50, respectively. The incidence of ALL in people of Russian nationality have the highest values, despite a smaller percentage in the quantitative composition (19.77 per 1 million population). Slightly lower – incidence rates among Kyrgyz and Uzbek nationalities, with the values ​​of 19.04 and 18.61 per 1 million of the children's population, respectively. Conclusion: The incidence of ALL in Kyrgyzstan is uneven and has specific features depending on the territory, living conditions (city, village) as well as ethnicity. Keywords: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, standardized morbidity rate.
HUMAN STEM CELLS AND CARDIAC REVITALIZATION (NEW EXPERIENCE IN TAJIKISTAN)
Authors:   Department of Human Physiology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, IRGASHEVA J.Z. , BARATOV A.K. ,   Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, MIRSHAHI M. ,   Paris Sorbonne Cité University, Lariboisière Hospital, UMR Paris-7 and INSERLM U965, Paris, France,   Department of Pharmaceutical Innovation and Experimental Medicine (DPIEM), Tajikistan Academy of Sciences, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

Objective: Stem cells have remarkable potential to grow in more than 200 types of cells that the adult human body holds. Regenerative medicine by using stem cells is at the vanguard of health care poised to offer solutions for many of today's incurable diseases. Bone marrow derived stem cells have been used in vitro to generate bone, cartilage, tendon, ligament, meniscus, intervertebral disc, fat, muscle, and nerve. The aim of this review is to describe the stem cell therapy in Tajikistan and its position in the word. In Tajikistan for the first time the laboratory for investigation of stem cell created in Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe at November 29, 2009 and the first clinical study for heart stem cell therapy started at March 9, 2010. In this study, autologous transplantation of bone marrow derived CD133+ was undertaken with the high degree of success for a cohort of patients with coronary artery disease. Keywords: Regenerative medicine, human stem cells, cardiac revitalization, coronary artery disease, bone marrow derived CD133+.
THE STUDY OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS IS AN IMPORTANT TOOL TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF COMPLICATED PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE
Authors:   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, GULOV M.K.
Published: March 2023

Objective: Complicated peptic ulcer disease provides a serious medico-social problem. The article presents literature data dedicated to the study of the quality of life, as a result of conservative and surgical treatment of patients with various complications of the ulcerative disease. Given a brief characteristic of the concept of quality of life, modern approaches to the definition of this indicator presented a list of questionnaires used in gastroenterology. The method of quality of life research allows to characterize the current functional state the patient to assess the effectiveness of surgical and medical treatment and may serve as additional criteria in choosing a method of surgical treatment of complicated forms of ulcer disease. Assessment of the dynamics of quality of life indicators allows improving the system of rehabilitation assistance. Thus, the quality of life should be considered as an important independent measure of the disease and the efficacy of surgical treatment of complicated ulcer disease. Keywords: Peptic ulcer disease, complications, surgical treatment, quality of life.
EFFICIENCY OF INTRODUCTION OF ACTIVE SCREENING AND EXPRESS METHODS OF DETECTING OF TUBERCULOSIS IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN
Authors:   Institute of Postgraduate Education in Healthcare of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, MIRZOEVA F.O.
Published: March 2023

Objective: To study the effectiveness of using active screening in identifying people with suspected tuberculosis, as well as express methods for diagnosing patients with tuberculosis in the Republic of Tajikistan. Methods: This study included persons who applied for medical institutions to primary health care (PHC) facilities for the period from 2011 to 2015 years in Dushanbe, Tursunzade, Khujand, Kanibadam and the regions of Gonchi, Mastchoh and Rudaki, which were screened for complaints and anamnestic data. All persons suspected of having tuberculosis underwent a complete clinical, x-ray examination and sputum research by two quick methods (microscopically and on the GeneXpert device), as well as sowing culture with subsequent determination of drug resistance on the Bactec MGIT apparatus. Results: Under our observations, there were 214,434 persons with suspicion of tuberculosis, from among which it was revealed 22,349 patients with different clinical forms of tuberculosis, which amounted to 10.4%. In the observed group of men there were 13887 (62.1%), women – 8462 (37.9%). Of the total number of patients, most (n=14100) included in the age group 19-44 years (63.1%) and 8249 people (36.9%) were from the age group of 45-69 years. Of the 22,349 tuberculosis patients, 65.5% suffered pulmonary tuberculosis with bacterial excretion, 25.1% – pulmonary tuberculosis without bacterial excretion and 9.4% – extrapulmonary tuberculosis. In 7.3% of cases, multiple drug resistance was detected, and in 92 patients (0.41%) – a combination of the active form of tuberculosis with HIV infection. Comparative study of the detection rate of new cases of tuberculosis over the same period in the study regions exceeded this indicator in other representative control regions twice. The beginning of the treatment after verification of the diagnosis was 3 days. Conclusion: The introduction of active screening in institutions of PHC facilities promotes a more effective integration of the phthisiatric services with the network of institutions of PHC facilities. In the implementation of active screening in 10.4% of cases, varifies different clinical forms of the disease. Keywords: Tuberculosis, screening, express methods, PHC, integration.
THE FREQUENCY OF DEVELOPMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS AMONG CITIZENS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN, LEAVING TO LABOR MIGRATION
Authors:   Republican Center for Protection of Population from Tuberculosis, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, RADJABZODA A.S.
Published: March 2023

Objective: To study the incidence of tuberculosis among migrants using active mass screening methods. Methods: The analysis of the statistical data conducted the incidence of tuberculosis in the general population and the citizens, who are leaving for labor migration. Methods of active phased screening, complaints survey and anamnesis, skin testing, fluorography and laboratory examination were used. Results: Analysis of the WHO calculation parameters for morbidity and mortality from tuberculosis showed a persistent tendency to decrease of these indicators. The analysis of state statistics on both indicators has revealed a direct correlation orientation with the WHO calculation indicators. The analysis showed a persistent tendency to reduce the estimated incidence of tuberculosis, from 2000 to 2016, from 220 to 65 per 100 thousand of the population. Similar dynamics are noted in the analysis of the WHO calculated figure for tuberculosis mortality, which decreased from 20 per 100,000 in 2000 to 2.8 per 100,000 in 2016. Extrapolation of these data to indicators of the incidence of tuberculosis in migrants showed unstable dynamics, manifested in different years as a slump, and to grow. Conclusion: The problems of tuberculosis and migration are a consequence of socio-economic instability in Tajikistan. Implementation of a complex of active screening measures, ensure the availability of migrants to diagnostic and treatment and preventive services have an effective result, reflected in the reduction in the number of new cases of tuberculosis among labour migrants. Keywords: Tuberculosis, screening, migrants, accessibility, morbidity, mortality.
THE ROLE OF THE IMPLANTABLE PORT SYSTEM FOR THE CENTRAL VENOUS ACCESS IN TREATMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS WITH MULTIPLE AND EXTENSIVELY DRUG RESISTANCE (PRELIMINARY RESULTS)
Authors:   Department of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Surgery, National Center for Phthisiology, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, RAZAKOV О.R. , BATIROV R.R. ,   Department of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Surgery, National Center for Phthisiology, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, GAIPOV R.G. ,   Department of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Surgery, National Center for Phthisiology, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, YUSUPOV ZH. N. ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, National Center for Phthisiology, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, ABDIEV M.D. ,   Department of Bones and Joints Tuberculosis Surgery, National Center for Phthisiology, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
Published: March 2023

Objective: To study the role of the implantable port system (IPS) in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis with multiple and extensively drug resistance (MDR TB, XDR TB). Methods: Since September 2017, IPS (POLYSITE 4008 ECHO) implanted in seven patients (4 men and 3 women) with MDR and XDR forms of pulmonary tuberculosis in the age of 30 to 60 years. All IPS implanted under the local anesthesia in the operation room. Port system installed with catheterization of the subclavian vein, mainly on the right. All these patients at the time of IPS installation received a short course of chemotherapy with new and before profiled preparations after having passed through a Consultation on drug-resistant tuberculosis. Results: The use of IPS for patients with MDR TB and XDR TB pulmonary tuberculosis demonstrated a high level of commitment to treatment. Only in one case, the infection and suppuration of punction area took place in short-term period. This complication was corrected by secondary surgical treatment and overlay of secondary seams. Conclusion: The preliminary results of the IPS application for seven patients with MDR TB and XDR TB demonstrated high safety and effectiveness of the technique, which allows recommending it, be for further expanded use in the treatment of this patients. Keywords: Tuberculosis treatment, MDR TB, XDR TB, implantable port system.
TUBERCULOSIS WITH MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT AND EXTENSIVELY DRUG-RESISTANT OF MICOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, ERGESHOV A.E. , PUNGA V.V. ,   Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, RUSAKOVA L.I. ,   Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, STERLIKOV S.A. ,   Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics, Moscow, Russian Federation, YAKIMOVA M.A. ,   Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, IZMAYLOVA Т.V. ,   Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

Objective: To assess the epidemic situation in the Russian Federation on tuberculosis with multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant (MDR, XDR) of the pathogen and the effectiveness of its treatment. Methods: The information on forms of official statistical observation of the Russian Federation for 2009-2017 was studied. The calculated indicators describing the reservoir of tuberculosis with MDR and XDR of the pathogen are calculated and analyzed the results of treatment. Results: In 2009-2017 in the civil healthcare, the proportion of tuberculosis patients tested for drug sensitivity increased from 70.9% to 92.6%. The share of tuberculosis patients with MDR increased from 37.3% to 58.4%. The number of patients and prevalence of tuberculosis with MDR stabilized at the level of 24.2-25.9 per 100 thousand of the population. Primary MDR increased from 16.0% to 28.2%. The share of tuberculosis cases with XDR among cases of tuberculosis with MDR is from 11% to 13%. The number of registered cases of tuberculosis with established or presumed resistance, at least to rifampicin, increased from 15,896 in 2011 to 24,367 in 2015, and the frequency of their successful treatment increased from 37.1% to 53.5%. The number of cases registered for treatment of tuberculosis with XDR has increased from 1318 in 2012 to 2614 in 2015, and the frequency of successful treatment has increased from 26.1% to 34.2%. In 2009-2017 an increase in the rate of abacillation of patients with tuberculosis with MDR from 12.9 to 26.2 per 100 average annual bacterial excreta. Conclusion: In the Russian Federation, there is a stabilization of the epidemic situation in tuberculosis with MDR, but the process of replacing sensitive strains of the pathogen with drug-resistant strains continues. The indicator of the frequency of detection of cases of tuberculosis with MDR of the pathogen in the Russian Federation is 91.5% in relation to the data of WHO experts. The increase in the proportion of successful treatment of patients with MDR and XDR tuberculosis is associated with providing patients with access to anti-tuberculosis drugs of the reserve series, improving the clinical management of patients, introducing new anti-tuberculosis drugs and treatment protocols, and improving the patient's motivation for treatment. Keywords: Tuberculosis, multiple drug resistance, extensively drug resistance, treatment outcomes
ANALISIS POTENSI BISNIS SNACK ALA KOREA
Authors: Perkasa RM Gerry Devindra , Sustaningrum Rakhdiny
Published: March 2023

The invasion of foreign cultures from various countries has had an influence on aspects of consumer behavior in Indonesia, especially Korean culture which serves Korean food in drama scenes so that it raises consumer interest in trying. Seeing the high trend towards Korean food, it opens up opportunities for business people to make various types of food, one of which is traditional street food-style snacks that have an interest in trying because these foods are routinely consumed in drama shows. Some types of snacks that are famous in Indonesia, namely chapssal.Financial analysis of the business using a capital of Rp 23,000,000 with a positive NPV and a payback period of 7 years 5 months.
POTENSI BERBISNIS WARALABA KEDAI KOPI JELANG MASA ENDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Santoso Michael Frederick , Hidayat Herlin
Published: March 2023

Doing business in the food & beverage sector, especially coffee and non-coffee since April 16, 2021. Become one of the branches of the "Kopi Suarahati" cafe as a place for coffee, hangouts and create jobs. The increasing trend of coffee and visiting cafes creates a good impact for the "Coffee Suarahati Grand Galaxy City, Bekasi" business. With the mission of (1) improving the quality of coffee, service and food taste, (2) maintaining cleanliness-following the health protocols set by the government, (3) selling coffee and snacks at affordable prices, and (4) educating workers and customers about the use of e-payments and e-wallet. The main target is people of all ages and occupations who are willing to pay for coffee, get together, or work. Sales will be carried out offline through outlets and online through Grab, Gojek, and Shopee application while promotions will be carried out through social media such as Instagram and TikTok. Prices are determined by the franchise except for food by the franchisee which is adjusted to the price of similar products. The capital issued is around 325 million rupiah excluding rent, it is believed that the payback will be less than 2 years.
KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN TUNAI: ANALISIS BERDASARKAN SIKLUS HIDUP PERUSAHAAN, ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED DAN KECUKUPAN KAS
Authors: Sinulingga Carassya Glory Zyanifa , Oktorina Megawati
Published: March 2023

The consumer goods industry is an industry that fulfills the main needs of society. The high volume of production makes the company require large capital so it encourages investors to take part in industrial development in Indonesia. In distributing profits, especially dividends, the company has many considerations, especially in terms of the company's life cycle, economic value added, and cash adequacy.The data analysis method used in this study is binary logistic regression. The data sources used in this study are manufacturing companies in the consumer goods sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016-2020 as many as 170 observations.The results of this study, companies that are in the growth and mature cycles have a probability of distributing cash dividends to their shareholders compared to those in the decline cycle. Then, the results of the study do not prove that there is a significant effect of economic value added on cash dividend policy. Cash adequacy is proven to moderate the effect of life cycle and economic value added on cash dividend policy.
PENGARUH LITERASI, MOTIVASI, DAN EXPECTED RETURN TERHADAP MINAT BERINVESTASI GENERASI Z DI PASAR MODAL PADA MAHASISWA UNIKA ATMA JAYA JAKARTA
Authors: Citra Elisya , Pambudi Rilo
Published: March 2023

This research aims to see the effect of literacy, motivation, and expected return on interest in investing of Z generation in UNIKA Atma Jaya in investing in the capital market. Data collection was performed using non-probability sampling with a sample size of 100 respondents. The population of this researche is z generation who studying in UNIKA Atma Jaya Campus I Jakarta and Campus III BSD. This study uses Multiple Linear Regression analysis methods and data processing using SPSS 25. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence on the motivation variable and expected return, but the literacy variable shows no partial effect. Simultaneously, the variables of literacy, motivation, and expected return affect the interest of generation z to invest in the capital market.
THE ART OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION: A CONCEPTUAL STUDY
Authors: Ramawati Yussi
Published: March 2023

The concept of new entrepreneurship is developing so that it can attract the attention of the government to restart the entrepreneurial world which had been hunkered down due to the pandemic a few years ago. Many studies on entrepreneurial orientation have been carried out, entrepreneurial orientation on business performance has become the basic theory in the development of knowledge that has been put forward by Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G, 1996. Studies by Radipere, 2013, Wiklund and Shepherd 2005, Lisboa, A., Skarmeas, D., Saridakis, C, 2015. I.N.Mohammad,2019, found that there is a significant relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and business performance. (proactive, innovative and risk-taking) has a positive effect on the performance of small businesses. In several studies, it is still found that entrepreneurial orientation cannot be said to support company performance. The study conducted by Solikahan, E.Z. and A. Mohammad. 2019 says that entrepreneurial orientation on business performance does not have a significant effect. With the gap research, the researcher tries to fill the gap by adding the Aggressiveness Value Proposition. This study aims to add the concept of marketing orientation and innovation as a novelty in further research to support the development of the theory of  Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G,1996.
DAMPAK BADAI START-UP DI INDONESIA PADA SAAT MASA PASCA PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PERUSAHAAN E-COMMERCE
Authors: Gunawan Reinandus Aditya
Published: March 2023

Several e-commerce start-ups in Indonesia such as PT.Bukalapak.com Tbk. (BUKA), PT. GoTo Gojek Tokopedia.Tbk. (GOTO) and PT. Global Digital Niaga.Tbk. (BELI), which is a national company in Indonesia, has become a savior for MSMEs where when MSMEs are prohibited from opening their businesses, MSMEs can sell online so they can still trade even from home. This e-commerce is very helpful for MSME players so that their business turnover can continue even though maybe not up to 100 percent like before the pandemic but at least they can still circulate money for their business so they don't go bankrupt and there are even some MSMEs whose online business is through e-commerce is very advanced beyond its offline store turnover. In the third quarter of the 2022 period where since the beginning of 2022 in the world there has been a war between Russia and Ukraine so that this war has affected the economies of many countries so that many countries have been entangled in inflation so that many World Central Banks have raised their interest rates. The problems that occurred besides the declining stock prices due to the increase in deposit rates, the problem that occurred was that many e-commerce companies were starting to run out of money to carry out promotions which are commonly called cash burn, where the money injected by investors, namely venture capitalists and angel investors, starts to run out and e-commerce companies have to start thinking about reducing their promotions and starting to make a profit.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN CELEBRITY ENDORSER TERHADAP PURCHASE INTENTION PADA PERUSAHAAN JASA ANTAR BARANG
Authors: Ananda Pratama Kelvin , Darmoyo Syarief
Published: March 2023

This study aims to analyze the effect of celebrity’s attractiveness, celebrity’s expertise, and celebrity’s trustworthiness on purchase intention in SiCepat Ekspress delivery service companies. The sampling method used is probability sampling with  purposive sampling technique. This study took samples from 160 respondents in JABODETABEK and the respondent had to know that SiCepat Ekspress is a delivery company. Data processing uses the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results of this study is celebrity’s attractiveness, celebrity’s expertise and celebrity’s trustworthiness has a significant relationship between a purchase intention.
A Classroom-based Study on the Application of Artificial Intelligence Translator: The Use and Perception of AI by Low-achieving Primary School English Learners
Authors:   The Korea Association Of Primary English Education, Lee Sejin , Chang Kyungsuk , Lee Kyungmee
Published: March 2023

This study aims to explore the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to support struggling young learners and provide insights for applying AI to teaching and learning English in the primary classroom. AI is suggested to be an innovative technology that will shape the future of education. Special attention is paid to how the future of education can be unveiled in real classrooms that adopt AI and how teachers and students can benefit from it. The participants of this study were three pupils with learning difficulty, a homeroom teacher, two English subject teachers, and two external experts. Data was collected via Q-sort, classroom observations, interviews with the participating students, a diagnostic test, a sentence completion test, student performance, and a research log. The triangulated analysis of the collected data revealed that the students heavily relied on AI in the beginning, then gradually developed their routines with AI use, and finally used it less, which gave them a sense of independence. It is further shown that AI relieved the anxiety of the low-achieving English learners and gave them confidence by providing them with options when faced with difficulties in class.
These findings provide insights for understanding the directions of AI applications in English learning and teaching, leading to support for low-achieving pupils’ learning and policy for basic education guarantee.
Quantitative assessment of ramal bone width and the proximity of the inferior canal for the predictable insertion of ramal implants: Cone-beam computed tomography study
Authors: Maliael Mathew Thomas , George Ashwin Mathew , Aravind T. R. Prasanna , Chellappa Lalitha Rani , Varghese Remmiya Mary
Published: March 2023

Objectives:

The study aimed to investigate the optimum level for the placement of ramal implants as a source of anchorage for disimpacting mandibular molars. The criteria in relation to the maximum transverse width of the ramal bone and proximity of the implant to the inferior alveolar canal (IAC) were evaluated using a three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography scan for predictable placement of ramal implants.

Material and Methods:

The cone-beam computed tomographic scans of 53 untreated patients (aged between 18 and 48 years) were utilized in this study. The maximum transverse width of the ramus and the proximity to the IAC from the site of insertion were measured at six different levels above the central groove of the mandibular first molar. To measure the proximity to the IAC, the mid-point of the maximum transverse width of the ramus was selected as the site of insertion of the implant.

Results:

The maximum and minimum transverse ramal width was 12.48 ± 1.76 mm at 3 mm and 10.42 ± 2.08 mm at 8 mm above the central groove of the permanent mandibular first molar. An average clearance of 9.62 ± 2.59 mm was measured from the site of insertion to the IAC at the different levels evaluated.

Conclusion:

The ramus of the mandible can be a predictable site for implant placement provided the variations in the anatomical structures have been carefully analyzed. It can be concluded that the ramal implants can be safely placed at a level 3–8 mm above the permanent mandibular first molar in relation to the occlusal plane.
Relationship of Knee and Hip Joint Proprioception with Competition Success in Aerobic Gymnastics
Authors: ALTUN Muammer , ÖZSOY Metehan
Published: March 2023

The aim of the study was to (1) evaluate the joint position sense development in young aerobic gymnasts of different age groups and (2) investigate the relationship of position sense with execution success in competition. 112 competition athletes from four different age groups participated in the study. Joint position sense tests with a smartphone and phone app fixed to the lower extremities were performed during the Aerobic Gymnastics Turkey Championship competitions. Correlation and linear regression analysis were performed on the participant data, which showed normal distribution within the competition age groups. There were negative and significant correlations between 45o knee extension absolute errors and competition execution points. The 45o knee flexion absolute score correlated to competition execution points. 90o hip flexion absolute error scores were significantly associated with competition execution points. A positive correlation was found between the age of the gymnasts and the competition execution points. Considering the entire sample, results demonstrated that a final model consisting solely of hip extension absolute scores was able to explain a significant amount of variance in competition execution points. When the data is partitioned according to gender, the model fails to explain variation in competition execution scores in the male sample. However, a final model consisting of joint position sense error scores of hip flexion and knee extension could explain a significant proportion of variance in competition execution points of the female sample. In conclusion, gymnasts who made more positional errors had lower execution scores. Target position replication accuracy in gymnasts improved with age. The effect of joint position sense accuracy in predicting the outcome of the competition was significant. Training that develops joint position sense can improve gymnasts' competitive results.
Galina Ustvolskaya’s Twelve Preludes for Piano: Cycle or Contrasting-Composite Form?
Authors: Белюнайте Л.С.
Published: March 2023

Статья посвящена Двенадцати прелюдиям для фортепиано Галины Ивановны Уствольской (1953). Данное сочинение представляет собой уникальный пример фортепианного цикла, драматургия которого характерна скорее для контрастно-составной формы. В ее основе — развитие единого интонационного комплекса, наличие централизованной ладовой организации и единого метода работы с тематическим материалом. Сущность данного метода — соединение тематических элементов в различных комбинациях по горизонтали и вертикали. Наиболее ярко воплощаясь в Первой прелюдии, он определяет логику развертывания в последующих частях цикла. В статье приведен подробный анализ сочинения, призванный аргументировать точку зрения автора.

This article is devoted to Galina Ustvolskaya’s Twelve Preludes for Piano (1953). This work is a unique example of a piano cycle whose dramaturgy is more characteristic of the contrasting-composite form. This dramaturgy is based on development of a single intonation complex. Arguments in favor of the contrasting-composite form are also the centralized harmony organization, which is not typical for the cyclical form, and the uniform method of working with thematic material. This method may be defined as combinatorics. It implies diverse combinations of thematic elements, both horizontal and vertical. Being implemented most vividly in the First Prelude, it determines the logic of development in the subsequent parts of the cycle. This article provides examples of the sheet music to illustrate the author's point of view.
Long timescale ensemble methods in molecular dynamics: Ligand-protein interactions and allostery in SARS-CoV-2 targets
Authors: Bhati Agastya P. , Hoti Art , Potterton Andrew , Bieniek Mateusz K. , Coveney Peter V.
Published: March 2023

We subject a series of five protein-ligand systems which contain important SARS-CoV-2 targets - 3-chymotrypsin-like protease, papain-like protease and adenosine ribose phosphatase - to long- timescale and adaptive sampling molecular dynamics simulations. By performing ensembles of ten or twelve 10-microsecond simulations for each system, we accurately and reproducibly determine ligand binding sites, both crystallographically resolved and otherwise, thereby discovering binding sites that can be exploited for drug discovery. We also report robust, ensemble-based observation of conformational changes that occur at the main binding site of 3CLPro due to the presence of another ligand at an allosteric binding site explaining the underlying cascade of events responsible for its inhibitory effect. Using our simulations, we have discovered a novel allosteric mechanism of inhibition for a ligand known to bind only at the substrate binding site. Due to the chaotic nature of molecular dynamics trajectories, individual trajectories do not allow for accurate or reproducible elucidation of macroscopic expectation values. Unprecedented at this timescale, we compare the statistical distribution of protein-ligand contact frequencies for these ten/twelve 10-microsecond trajectories and find that over 90% of trajectories have significantly different contact frequency distributions. Furthermore, using a direct binding free energy calculation protocol, we determine the ligand binding free energies for each of the identified sites using long-timescale simulations. The free energies differ by 0.77 to 7.26 kcal/mol across individual trajectories depending on the binding site and the system. We show that although this is the standard way such quantities are currently reported at long-timescale, individual simulation does not yield reliable free energies. Ensembles of independent trajectories are necessary to overcome the aleatoric uncertainty in order to obtain statistically meaningful and reproducible results. Our findings here are generally applicable to all molecular dynamics based applications and not just confined to free energy methods used in this study. Finally, we compare the application of different free energy methods to these systems and discuss their advantages and disadvantages.
Radical Simplification of Complex Molecule Retrosynthesis Enabled by Electrocatalytic Cross-Coupling of α-Substituted Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Zhang Benxiang , He Jiayan , Gao Yang , Levy Laura , Oderinde Martins , Palkowitz Maximilian , Dhar T. G. Murali , Mandler Michael , Collins Michael , Schmitt Daniel , Bolduc Philippe , Chen TeYu , Clementson Sebastian , Petersen Nadia , Laudadio Gabriele , Kawamata Yu , Baran Phil
Published: March 2023

The polar retrosynthetic analysis has been widely employed in the field of organic synthesis and forms the basis of undergraduate curriculum. Although most reactions in organic synthesis rely on this rubric to guide their strategic application, their implementation often requires a long list of ancillary considerations to mitigate chemoselectivity and oxidation state issues involving protecting groups and precise reaction choreography. Here we demonstrate a complete departure from this norm by the use of a radical based Ni/Ag-electrocatalytic cross coupling of α-substituted carboxylic acids, thereby enabling an intuitive and modular approach to accessing complex molecular architectures. This new method relies on a key silver additive that forms an active Ag-nanoparticle coated electrode surface in situ along with carefully chosen ligands that modulate the reactivity of Ni. Through judicious choice of conditions and ligands, the cross-couplings can be rendered highly diastereoselective. To demonstrate the simplifying power of these reactions, exceedingly concise syntheses of 14 natural products and two medicinally relevant molecules were completed.
Intramolecular electron transfer in multi-redox systems based on cyclic spiro[3]bifluorenylne compound
Authors: Imai Tomoya , Sakamaki Daisuke , Aoyagi Shinobu , Amaya Toru
Published: March 2023

Cyclic [3]spirobifluorenylene with bulky alkyl groups at the ends (1) was designed and synthesized to investigate the electron transfer phenomena in a -conjugated system including orthogonal π-conjugated chains. The three bifluorenyl units in 1 are conjugated to each other via spiro-conjugation, resulting in the splitting of the HOMO levels to a small extent. Therefore, the SOMO–HOMO gap of the radical cation species is small, which is considered to allow the facile intramolecular electron transfer. The electronic properties of 1 and its partial structures were characterized by absorption and fluorescence measurements and electrochemical analysis. From the electrochemical oxidation, the interchain Coulombic repulsion was observed. In the TD-DFT calculations for the radical cation species of 1, the geometry-featured interchain electronic transitions were visualized by NTO calculations. The radical cation species of 1 generated by chemical oxidation with SbCl5 exhibited a broadened and lower-energy shifted NIR absorption band compared to those of its partial structures. Considering the results of the TD-DFT calculations, the NIR band of the radical cation of 1 was attributed to the intramolecular electron transfer processes among the bifluorenyl units in the macrocycle. ESR experiments also indicated the delocalization of a spin of 1·+ in the whole molecule. This work demonstrates the usefulness of spiro-conjugation as a bridging unit in molecular wires to facilitate smooth electron transfer.
Locally Range-Separated Local Hybrid Functionals – The Next Level on the Hybrid Functional Ladder
Authors: Maier Toni M.
Published: March 2023

In this work, the new class of locally range-separated local hybrid (LRSLH) functionals is presented. LRSLH functionals combine the concepts of a local exact-exchange admixture as in local hybrids with a locally range-separated exact-exchange admixture as in locally range-separated hybrid functionals. The satisfiability of important theoretical constraints on hybrid functionals by the LRSLH approach is discussed in comparison to existing hybrid functional classes by proposing a new categorization scheme for hybrid functionals, labeled as hybrid functional ladder. In particular, this concerns the iso-orbital and asymptotic potential limits as well as the high-density limit with respect to uniform coordinate scaling and the gradient expansion of the exchange energy density, which in contrast to existing hybrid schemes can be simultaneously satisfied by LRSLH functionals. Furthermore, this work provides a first explorative study regarding the performance of the new LRSLH approach. Despite featuring only up to two empirical parameters, the optimized LRSLH functionals exhibit a similar performance for atomization energies and transition barrier heights as some of the more recent hybrid functionals. In particular, this highlights the great potential of the new LRSLH approach.
Epik: pKa and Protonation State Prediction through Machine Learning
Authors: Johnston Ryne C. , Yao Kun , Kaplan Zachary , Chelliah Monica , Leswing Karl , Seekins Sean , Watts Shawn , Calkins David , Chief Elk Jackson , Jerome Steven V. , Repasky Matthew P. , Shelley John C.
Published: March 2023

Epik version 7 is a software program that uses machine learning for predicting the pKa values and protonation state distribution of complex, drug-like molecules. Using an ensemble of atomic graph convolutional neural networks (GCNNs) trained on over 42,000 pKa values across broad chemical space from both experimental and computed origins, the model predicts pKa values with 0.42 and 0.72 log unit median absolute and RMS errors, respectively, across seven test sets. Epik version 7 also generates protonation states and recovers 95% of the most populated protonation states compared to previous versions. Requiring on average only 47 ms per ligand, Epik version 7 is rapid and accurate enough to evaluate protonation states for crucial molecules and prepare ultra-large libraries of compounds to explore vast regions of chemical space. The simplicity of and time required for the training allows for the generation of highly accurate models customized to a program’s specific chemistry.
Azapyramidinium Ion and iso-Azapyramidinium Ion: Mechanisms for their Synthesis, Interconversion, and Decomposition
Authors: Falvey Daniel
Published: March 2023

The properties and reactivity of azapyramidinium ion 3 were examined using coupled-cluster theory and density functional theory with the goal of identifying synthetic routes and anticipating decay pathways. It is shown that azapyramidinium ion is nearly isoenergetic with an isomer that results from transposition of the apical nitrogen atom with a basal CH group. The latter is termed the “iso-azapyramidinium ion” 5. There is a low energy kinetic barrier (ca. 14 kcal/mol) connecting the two isomers, suggesting they would interconvert rapidly at ambient temperatures. The two isomers show substantial barriers for both isomerization to the lower energy pyrrolenium ion as well as elimination of HCN to form the cyclopropenium ion. Thus 3 and 5 should be isolable (if as an equilibrium mixture) if segregated from reactive partners. Water is shown to react rapidly with the azapyramidinium isomers. Finally, analysis of the potential energy surface for (CH)¬4N+ shows that 5 and/or 3 should be accessible through addition of acetylene to the azirenium ion. Proposed synthetic routes are discussed.
Phase stability and thermal expansion of ZnO solid solutions with 3d transition metal oxides synthesized at high pressure
Authors: Sokolov Petr S. , Baranov Andrey N. , Solozhenko Vladimir L.
Published: March 2023

Phase stability and thermal expansion of rock-salt Me1-xZnxO (Me = Ni2+, Co2+, Fe2+, Mn2+) solid solutions synthesized at high pressures and high temperatures have been studied by synchrotron X ray diffraction in a wide (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) concentration range. At ambient pressure rs-Me1-xZnxO solid solutions were found kinetically stable up to 670-1100 K depending on the composition and type of Me2+ cation. Temperature-induced decomposition of the single-phase rock-salt solid solutions lead in most cases to the formation of a mixture of two solid solutions, with cubic and wurtzite structures. Oxidation of the Me2+ cation (Co, Mn) by atmospheric oxygen can result in formation of mixed higher oxides of these metals. In all the systems studied, the rock-salt solid solutions show a linear temperature dependence of the thermal expansion, but for the compositions with the highest ZnO content, deviations from the linear dependence are observed.
An Explicit-Implicit Hybrid Solvent Model for Grand Canonical Simulations of the Electrochemical Environment
Authors: Le Duy
Published: March 2023

The development of ab initio methods for atomistic simulations of the electrochemical environment is essential for obtaining a mechanistic understanding of the fundamental reactions. We propose here an explicit-implicit solvent model, SOLHYBRID, that enables grand-canonical ensemble simulations of the electrochemical environment with the popular Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package (VASP), extending its capabilities beyond the commonly used the implicit solvent model VASPSol. We further present a subroutine, TPOT, that allows control of the electrode potential, thereby enabling simulations at constant electrode potential to mimic the experimental electrochemical cell. We demonstrate the key points of our approach for the case of CO2 adsorption on Au(110) in the presence of K+ cation.
RAS and PP2A activities converge on epigenetic gene regulation
Authors: Aakula Anna , Sharma Mukund , Tabaro Francesco , Nätkin Reetta , Kamila Jesse , Honkanen Henrik , Schapira Matthieu , Arrowsmith Cheryl , Nykter Matti , Westermarck Jukka
Published: March 2023

RAS-mediated human cell transformation requires inhibition of the tumor suppressor protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). However, the phosphoprotein targets and cellular processes in which RAS and PP2A activities converge in human cancers have not been systematically analyzed. Here, we discover that phosphosites co-regulated by RAS and PP2A are enriched on proteins involved in epigenetic gene regulation. As examples, RAS and PP2A co-regulate the same phosphorylation sites on HDAC1/2, KDM1A, MTA1/2, RNF168, and TP53BP1. We validate RAS- and PP2A-elicited regulation of HDAC1/2 chromatin recruitment, of RNF168-TP53BP1 interaction, and of gene expression. Consistent with their known synergistic effects in cancer, RAS activation and PP2A inhibition resulted in epigenetic reporter derepression and activation of oncogenic transcription. Transcriptional derepression by PP2A inhibition was associated with an increase in euchromatin and a decrease in global DNA methylation. Collectively, the results indicate that epigenetic protein complexes constitute a significant point of convergence for RAS hyperactivity and PP2A inhibition in cancer. Furthermore, the work provides an important resource for future studies focusing on phosphoregulation of epigenetic gene regulation in cancer and in other RAS/PP2A-regulated cellular processes.