bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uso de microorganismos eficientes (M.E) en pollinaza para disminuir los niveles de amoniaco (NH3) en granjas avícolas comerciales de Sincelejo, Colombia
Authors: PEREIRA-PEÑATE, NORMA
Published: June 2018

En Colombia la avicultura es uno de los sectores alimenticios más dinámicos, cuya ventaja principal es el corto periodo que los pollos necesitan para cumplir su ciclo de engorde, además se puede dar en grandes cantidades. Cada pollo produce deyecciones equivalentes a 0,07 kg/día y dispone en su cama de 0,230 kg de tamo limpio, lo que constituye el residuo avícola (RAV), compuesto de bosta con tamo, definido como pollinaza. A partir de la fracción nitrogenada de las deyecciones por medio de la actividad microbiana, se produce el amoníaco, gas incoloro e irritante con impacto negativo en el rendimiento y en la salud de las aves, que deteriora el sistema inmunológico con la consecuente presencia de enfermedades respiratorias y la reducción de las tasas de crecimiento, las cuales muy difícilmente se recuperan. Buscando disminuir los niveles de amoníaco generados, se realizó un estudio consistente en la aplicación de Microorganismos Eficientes (M.E) en la pollinaza, para lo cual se realizaron tres tratamientos, identificados como tratamiento 1, 2 y 3, con frecuencias de aplicación de 1, 3 y 7 días, respectivamente, utilizando 250 animales en cada uno de ellos y dejando un lote con igual número de animales, sin tratamiento. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (P>0.05) entre los tratamientos 1 con 3, 1 con 4, 2 con 4 y 3 con 4, siendo más efectivo el tratamiento 1 (Aplicación en cama de M.E con frecuencia de inoculación diaria), lo cual sugiere la efectividad de los M.E para su disminución.
Anotaciones sobre bienestar animal en zoológicos
Authors: DE LA OSSA V, JAIME
Published: June 2018

El presente trabajo hace un análisis general sobre algunos aspectos importantes que tienen relación con el comportamiento y el bienestar de animales bajo cuidado humano en zoológicos y acuarios, de acuerdo con los principios en esta materia se entiende que deben contar con buenas condiciones de vida, estado saludable, confortable, seguro y con capacidad para expresar su comportamiento innato, sin sufrimiento o estados desagradables, tales como dolor, miedo y angustia. De otro lado, se analizan aspectos relacionados con la bioética y el papel de los zoológicos en la conservación ex situ y en la educación ambiental son abordados.
Nuevo registro de Imantodes chocoensis (squamata: dipsadidae) en el Chocó biogeográfico Colombiano
Authors: ECHAVARRÍA-R. JONARD DAVID , RENTERÍA-M. LUIS ELADIO , RENGIFO-M. JHON TAILOR
Published: June 2018

Con el fin de clarificar estados taxonómicos asociados al género Imantodes en la Colección Científica de Referencia Zoológica del Chocó-Herpetología de la Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó, se efectuó una revisión de 36 ejemplares depositados en ella. Se determinaron cuatro especies con duda taxonómica, I. cenchoa, I. inornatus, I. lentiferus, e I. chocoensis; está última constituye unnuevo registro adicional para el Chocó biogeográfico colombiano, con base en dos ejemplares colectados en zonas de bosques pluvial tropical (bp-T) correspondiente a los corregimiento de Pacurita, municipio de Quibdó y Samurindó, municipio del Atrato. Se precisa entonces la distribución de la especie, a pesar de que estudiosprevios mencionan su presencia en la región pero sin localidad precisa en el departamento del Chocó (Quibdó). Adicionalmente, se discuten algunos aspectos sobre su estado de conservación.
Actividad hidrolítica de aislados bacterianos con potencial aplicación en el tratamiento de efluentes de frigorífico
Authors: RODAS M. ELKIN
Published: June 2018

Los efluentes de la industria frigorífica se caracterizan por presentar altas concentraciones de proteínas, grasas y polisacáridos. La degradación de estos compuestos a sus constituyentes monoméricos es realizada por la acción de enzimas extracelulares, producidas y secretadas por bacterias hidrolíticas (BH). En consecuencia, la actividad de estos microorganismos favorece el aumento de las tasas de degradación de la fracción orgánica presente en este tipo de residuos. En el presente estudio, un total de 15 bacterias productoras de enzimas extracelulares fueron aisladas y seleccionadas al presentar un índice de actividad enzimática ? 2,0. De estos 15 aislados, 7 presentaron actividad proteolítica (46,6%), 3 amilolítica (20%), 3 celulolítica (20%) y 2 lipolítica (13,4%). Adicionalmente, fue evidenciado efecto antagónico entre algunos de los aislados seleccionados, indicando su posible desventaja competitiva en condiciones naturales. Se concluye que las BH obtenidas evidencian un potencial promisorio para la optimización de sistemas de tratamiento de aguas residuales procedentes de la industria frigorífica.
Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) in three agroecosystems with grass colosoana (Bothriochloa pertusa (L) A. Camus) in the department of Sucre
Authors: ESPITIA D FREDIS , PEREZ C ALEXANDER
Published: June 2018

The present study evaluated the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated soils from three ecosystems grown with pasture colosoana in three localities of the Department of Sucre, Colombia. Soil samples were collected, AMF spores isolated, count of spore was made and morphotypes isolated were classification at the level of species or genera. We found that the genus of AMF over prevailing in native and compacted soils in the three selected municipalities is the genus Glomus, followed by other genera to a lesser extent. In general the soils that presented greater wealth of genres of HMA were those of the municipality of San Marcos, while the lowest richness was found in the municipality of Sincelejo.
Effects of soil compaction by trampling of animals in soil productivity. Remediations
Authors: MEDINA M. CARLOS
Published: June 2018

Among the problems of physical degradation, compaction and densification are the main ones, and they cause strong decreases in subsequent crop yields thereof. The degradation of soil structure is a worldwide problem that can occur in all soils and livestock production levels. Given the above, this paper aims to analyze the main changes in the internal structure of the soil as a result of compaction by trampling of animals. Soil compaction due to the collapse or decrease in pore spaces, is the most common cause of physical restraint to growth and root development. As an aggravating factor, degradation of soil structure is regarded as the type of land degradation more difficult to locate and retrain; the reason is that this degradation is a subsurface phenomenon. Finally it is to establish some possible solutions to this problem, including the main method of restoring the porosity of the boundary layers of root growth is to apply biological methods as used, for example, the roots of natural vegetation or crops coverage, planted to act as biological subsoilers that penetrate dense horizons.
Current status of the study of the caribbean cordobes echinoderms, Colombia
Authors: NISPERUZA P. CARLOS , PADILLA C. JAMINSON , QUIRÓS R. JORGE
Published: June 2018

The present state of knowledge on the echinoderms of the Caribbean Cordobes is reviewed herein, offering information on number of families, genera and known species, their geographical distribution, its role in the marine bioprospection of the department of Cordoba, and finally and updated lists of the species is included.
Estudio ecológico del cangrejo de río, Hypolobocera sp (Crustacea, decapoda) en la quebrada mano de oso, jardín botánico de Popayán, municipio de Timbío, Cauca – Colombia
Authors: Mamián López Laura , Zamora González, Hilldier
Published: June 2018

La falta de estudios sobre la ecología del cangrejo de río Hypolobocera sp en la región, motivó el desarrollo del presente estudio ecológico durante seis meses (octubre de 2003 a marzo de 2004), sobre una población de cangrejos que habita la quebrada Mano de Oso en el Jardín Botánico de Popayán, con la finalidad de contribuir al conocimiento de la biodiversidad en nuestro entorno y motivar estudios posteriores que sean complementarios al que se presenta en este documento. Se utilizaron metodologías sencillas de captura de individuos, en época seca y época de lluvias. En cuanto a la estudio trófico del hábitat de Hypolobocera sp, se recurrió a trabajo de laboratorio (Roldán, 1992) y un equipo de muestro fisicoquímico de campo. Finalmente se sacrificaron algunos individuos para analizar la dieta de la población de estudio por medio de identificación de contenidos estomacales. Se capturaron 86 individuos, con los cuales se desarrolló el análisis sobre la abundancia y tamaño poblacional, el nivel trófico, su dimorfismo sexual basado en el tamaño corporal y posibles migraciones o desplazamientos de los individuos entre los cinco sitios de muestreo a lo largo de los 987 m de la quebrada Mano de Oso. La población de Hypolobocera sp se caracterizó por presentar un marcado dimorfismo sexual y el análisis de contenidos estomacales dio como resultado una marcada tendencia de la población a ser detritívora ya que en el total de muestras tomadas se encontró un 80% correspondiente a material vegetal en descomposición.
Habronemosis peneana en un burro criollo (Equus asinus) del departamento de Sucre
Authors: Cardona A José , Violet L Lina , Montes V Donicer
Published: June 2018

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las características clínicas e histopatológicas de un caso de Habronemosis peneana en un burro criollo (Equus asinus), macho entero, de 5 años de edad y 160 kg de peso, procedente del municipio de Coloso (Sucre, Colombia). Se le realizó evaluación clínica y caracterización anatomopatológica del área afectada, encontrándose presencia de una lesión de crecimiento rápido, granulomatosa, exofítica, en forma de cráter y de coloración rojiza a nivel del glande. Posteriormente, previa sedación y aplicación de anestesia local fue tomada una biopsia de tejido desde la periferia de la lesión granulomatosa con punch de 6 mm, fijada en formol al 10% y llevadas al laboratorio de patología, Colombia, donde fueron procesadas hasta su inclusión en parafina. Finalmente, la muestra fue teñida con la coloración de Hematoxilina-Eosina (H-E), donde se ratificó la presencia de dermatitis piogranulomatosa activa, con áreas de necrosis multifocal difusas, con marcada presencia de eosinófilos y neutrófilos, así como el fenómeno de Splendore-Hoeppli, que corresponde sitios de ubicación de larvas rodeadas por una envoltura eosinofíilica densa. El diagnóstico definitivo fue de Habronemosis, y a pesar de ser un motivo frecuente de consulta en la clínica veterinaria, este es el primer reporte descrito en burros de Colombia.
Grasa sobrepasante: Aplicaciones y su proceso de obtención para la alimentación de rumiantes en el trópico
Authors: Duarte V. Jesús , Ramírez Z. Germán , Castañeda S. Román
Published: June 2018

El objetivo de esta revisión es describir los aspectos generales, la importancia de las grasas protegidas en la alimentación de rumiantes y revisar algunos aspectos sobre su procesamiento y obtención para incentivar a la comunidad científica del trópico a implementar procesos de investigación en esta importante área de la producción animal. Se evalúan los resultados de la utilización en la alimentación de rumiantes y los flujogramas de saponificación para la elaboración de jabón empleando Hidróxidos de Sodio, potasio y calcio, para sebo ovino y para residuo de aceite de palma. Con la grasa sobrepasante se evidencia el mejoramiento de parámetros de producción, así como calidad de la leche tanto en bovinos, ovinos y caprinos y parámetros reproductivos en bovinos de leche, con disminución del balance energético negativo sobre la condición corporal de los animales, que mejoran las tasas de concepción postparto y la reducción de los días abiertos, de igual manera se evalúa el desempeño en la producción de carne donde se registra un incremento en la ganancia de peso y rendimiento de la canal. Se estimula un espacio científico para la investigación en la búsqueda de métodos de suplementación energética en rumiantes en etapas fisiológicas de altos requerimientos para el uso de recursos disponibles en el trópico para potencializar la producción de rumiantes. Se concluye que las grasas sobrepasantes tienen un efecto positivo sobre los parámetros productivos y reproductivos de animales rumiantes. Sin embargo, es necesario realizar la evaluación económica para establecer la dosis de utilización.
Notas sobre a biologia do minhocoçu Rhinodrilus priollii Righi 1967 em fragmento florestal urbano da Amazônia central, Brasil
Authors: Tapia-Coral Sandra , Waldez Fabiano
Published: June 2018

A maioria das minhocas terrestres (Annelida: Clitellata: Oligochaeta) são animais essencialmen­te edáficos que habitam as camadas superficiais do solo, geral­mente até uma profundidade de 50cm (BROWN e JAMES, 2007). Nos ecossistemas edáficos as minhocas desempenham im­portantes funções ecológicas, estando entre os principais componentes dos macroinvertebrados do solo (animais invertebrados visíveis ao olho nu) e pertencendo ao grupo denominado de “engenheiros do solo”, em conjunto com cupins (Isoptera) e formigas (Hymnoptera) (LAVELLE et al., 1997). Essa denominação de “engenheiros” decorre desses animais produzirem no ambiente uma considerável quantidade de estruturas físicas que modificam a disponibilidade/acessibilidade de recursos para outros organismos (JONES et al., 1994). As minhocas destacam-se pela capacidade de perfurar o solo e suas galerias criam novos nichos para outros organismos (LAVELLE et al., 1997). A ocorrência das minhocas também aumenta a macroporosidade dos solos, contribuindo para a transformação da matéria orgânica e a mineralização de nutrientes utilizados pelas plantas (STORK e EGGLETON, 1992). As fezes das minhocas são ricas em nutrientes, aumentando, tanto a fertilidade, quanto a biomassa microbiana e a disponibilidade de nitrogênio nos solos (TAPIA-CORAL et al., 2006).
Bigadiç (Balıkesir, Türkiye) civarında gözlenen höylandit/klinoptilolit zeolit oluşumlarının teknolojik özelliklerinin incelenmesi
Authors: BİLGİN Öykü , KANTARCI Sadiye
Published: June 2018

Bigadiç (Balıkesir) ve civarında gözlenen klinoptilolit / höylandit oluşumları endüstride en yaygın olarak kullanılan ve yüksek ticari öneme sahip olan bir zeolit türüdür. Türkiye'de en önemli zeolit yataklanmaları Balıkesir-Bigadiç bölgesinde yer almaktadır.  Bu yatakla, zeolit açısından yüksek rezerv potansiyeline sahiptir. Bazı zeolit türleri yapısal özelliği nedeniyle çevre kirliliği kontrolü, enerji sektörü, madencilik ve metalurji, tarım ve hayvancılık, kâğıt endüstrisi, kedi kumu, seramik endüstrisi, inşaat sektörü, sağlık sektörü, deterjan sektörü, meyve ve sebzelerin depolanması ve buzlanmanın önlenmesi gibi pek çok sektörde kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Balıkesir-Bigadiç yöresinde gözlenen zeolit oluşumlarından üç farklı numune üzerinde mineralojik ve morfolojik tanımlama (XRD, ince kesit ve SEM) testleri, fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerinin belirlenmesine yönelik (kimyasal analiz, yağ emme, beyazlık ve ağartma yeteneği) testler ile numunelerin karakterizasyonları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca kedi kumu ve seramik ön teknolojik testleri yapılarak sektörde hammadde olarak kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır.
Doymuş suyun bazı termofiziksel özellikleri için basit korelasyonlar
Authors: GÜNEŞ Mustafa , ÇOLAK-GÜNEŞ Neslihan
Published: June 2018

Bu çalışmada, bilgisayar destekli hesaplama yazılımlarında kullanılmak üzere, 0.01 370°C sıcaklık aralığında doymuş suyun bazı termofiziksel özellikleri için basit korelasyonlar geliştirilmiştir.  Çalışılan termofiziksel özellikler yoğunluk, sabit basınçta özgül ısı, ısı iletim katsayısı ve dinamik viskozitedir.  Eğri uydurma işleminde en küçük kareler yöntemi kullanılmıştır.  Her bir termofiziksel özellik için seçilen korelasyonlar, geçerli olduğu sıcaklık aralığı, doğrusal korelasyon katsayısı, maksimum mutlak hata ve maksimum yüzde hata değerleriyle birlikte verilmiştir.
Bed Rest for Sciatica: A Closer Look at the Evidence
Authors: Di Mattia Francesco , Tejani Sinan , Hall Toby
Published: June 2018

When managing acute nonspecific low back pain (LBP), bed rest is commonly discouraged as a form of therapy. However, when the picture includes radiating leg pain arising from the lumbar spine, the evidence is less robust. In this Viewpoint, the authors explore evidence pertaining to sciatica, defined as “low back pain with verified neurological deficits,” and bed rest as part of the management of radiating leg pain.

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(6):436–438. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.0609
Type III Salter-Harris Fracture After an Onside Kick
Authors: Gerber J. Parry
Published: June 2018

A 14-year-old male football player consulted a sports physical therapist 1 week after being kicked in the front part of his left knee as he was trying to recover an onside kick. Because of these findings in a 14-year-old adolescent, a radiological examination was recommended to rule out a tibia eminence or growth-plate fracture. Radiographs revealed a nondisplaced type III Salter-Harris fracture of the lateral tibial plateau.

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(6):511. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7868
Improving useful species: a public policy of the Directoire regime and Napoleonic Empire in Europe (1795-1815)
Authors: Brassart Laurent ,   Université de Lille
Published: June 2018

When the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Armies conquered most of Europe, they found unknown or hardly known plant and animal species. French naturalists, particularly the so-called agronomists led by botanists and zoologists, supported by the financial and political backing of the State, shaped an ambitious “Nature Policy”. They imported new species of plants and animals from the occupied territories to introduce them into France. The biological regeneration of French herds and agriculture was the main goal of this public policy. A unidirectional circulation from throughout the European continent towards France occurred from 1799 to 1815. But the continental blockade in 1806 cut off the supply of certain products and raw materials such as sugar, indigo and cotton. On a continental scale, in the most adapted parts of its Empire the Napoleonic State implemented an impressive policy of introducing and acclimatizing exotic plant species from many regions of the world. Many questions arise from this unprecedented circulation of plant and animal species within “French Europe”: How was it organised? On which circuits and networks did it rely? What was the role of the French state in that biological challenge? Finally, why were the results of that biological policy so disappointing?
The Indian zebu in Brazilian lands
Authors: Medrado Joana ,   Universidade Federal do Recôncavo of Bahia
Published: June 2018

In this article we will examine the history of Brazilian cattle breeding in the early twentieth century, focusing on the transitional period of intensification of production, when the racial standardization of cattle began to be considered key to industrializing breeding practices. To this end, we consider the initiatives of a group of farmers from the far east of Minas Gerais (Mineiro Triangle), who travelled to Northern India between 1913 and 1917 to acquire bulls and cows of the zebu breed. Retracing the routes of their voyages to India thanks to the diaries and letters between these farmers in Brazil and India, we attempt to understand the role that Indian bovine cattle played in Brazil. The first farmers to make this trip moved in the sphere of the influential elites of the oligarchic Republic that was established in Brazil in 1889. This article argues that these farmers were driven by diverse factors, which could not be reduced to the single issue of an increase in economic productivity. In truth, there were political interests mainly related to the strengthening of personal prestige and the construction of a class character as “innovative cattle farmers” in a context of intra-oligarchic disputes over exerting influence in the Republican state.
Desmontando el común: la disputa entre pescadores artesanales y hacendados en Chile (Boca de Rapel, 1769-1877)
Authors: Lacoste-Adunka Michelle , Lacoste Pablo ,   Universidad San Sebastián,   Universidad de Santiago de Chile
Published: June 2018

This article examines the struggle for control of coastal lands that took place between the artisanal fishermen of the mouth of the Rapel River and the landowners of Bucalemu hacienda, during the transition from the colonial period and the construction of the Chilean state after independence. It also examines the subsequent extension of state control over this territory within the framework of the transition to capitalism. The large-scale landowners or hacendados tried to expel the fishermen and their ‘plebeian culture’ by various means: burning down their houses, depriving them of their work instruments, shackling them in private jails and putting theme in stocks. Yet the fishermen responded by defending their ‘moral economy’ peacefully and only employed judicial means. Using original and unpublished documents from the National Archive of Santiago, this article also examines the role of the various actors in the conflict: fishermen, hacendados, judges and institutions. Both the justice system and the Parliament are found to have served the interests of the great haciendas or largescale landowners, in detriment of artisanal fishermen’s rights.
Teacher Presence and Social Presence in Virtual and Blended Courses
Authors: Cohen Zilka Gila , Cohen Revital , Rahimi Ilan
Published: June 2018

Aim/Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between teacher presence and social presence on one hand, and feelings of challenge and threat, self-efficacy, and motivation among students studying in virtual and blended courses on the other.

Background: Physical separation between teacher and learners may lead to transactional distance, which should be reduced through teacher presence (TP) and social presence (SP). In this study we examined two types of courses, virtual courses (VCs) and blended courses (BCs).

Methodology: This is a mixed-method study. Participants completed a threat/challenge questionnaire, a motivation questionnaire, a self-efficacy questionnaire, and answered open-ended questions. The sample included 484 students from two academic institutions in the Israel.

Contribution: The study highlights the connection between critical factors involved in learning and teaching in VCs and BCs (teacher presence, social presence, feelings of challenge and threat, self-efficacy, and motivation) from the point of view of students studying in VCs and BCs. Is there a correlation between teacher presence and social presence on one hand, and the perception of threat and challenge, motivation, and self-efficacy on the other in students studying in VCs and BCs?

Findings: A link was found between teacher presence and social presence on one hand and feelings of challenge and threat, self-efficacy, and motivation of students in VCs and BCs on the other. At the same time, it was found that the perceptions of motivation, challenge, and threat associated with VCs and BCs are interrelated, that is, students have similar perceptions in relation to both types of courses.

Recommendations for Practitioners : It is preferable to create a learning environment that supports the learners and is attentive to their needs and to the creation of an active learning community. It has been found that these factors greatly influence the process and the quality of learning in the course.

Recommendations for Researchers: The study examined the subjective feelings of the students about the learning process in virtual and blended environments. We recommend continuing to explore the characteristics of the virtual environment and of teaching methods in these environments.

Impact on Society: The combination of virtual and blended learning environments in the learning process may lead to the realization of the educational vision of creating a learning environment that supports students and responds to their needs, enabling autonomous and collaborative learning while creating a learning community.

Future Research: It is advisable to examine the issue from the perspective of the teachers in VCs and BCs to elucidate the topic from other angles.
Certified Graph View Maintenance with Regular Datalog
Authors: Bonifati Angela , Dumbrava Stefania , Gallego Arias Emilio Jesús
Published: June 2018

We employ the Coq proof assistant to develop a mechanically-certified framework for evaluating graph queries and incrementally maintaining materialized graph instances, also called views. The language we use for defining queries and views is Regular Datalog (RD) -- a notable fragment of non-recursive Datalog that can express complex navigational queries, with transitive closure as native operator. We first design and encode the theory of RD and then mechanize a RD-specific evaluation algorithm capable of fine-grained, incremental graph view computation, which we prove sound with respect to the declarative RD semantics. By using the Coq extraction mechanism, we test an Ocaml version of the verified engine on a set of preliminary benchmarks.

Our development is particularly focused on leveraging existing verification and notational techniques to: a) define mechanized properties that can be easily understood by logicians and database researchers and b) attain formal verification with limited effort. Our work is the first step towards a unified, machine-verified, formal framework for dynamic graph query languages and their evaluation engines.
Bilateral Rehabilitation of Hand Grasping with an Underactuated Hand Exoskeleton
Authors: Sarac Mine , Leonardis Daniele , Gabardi Massimiliano , Solazzi Massimiliano , Frisoli Antonio
Published: June 2018

In this work we present a bilateral rehabilitation system for the hand based on a novel underactuated hand exoskeleton to assist hand opening/closing and a pair of pressure- sensorized graspable objects. In particular, the grasping force measured at the healthy side is used to modulate the assistance of the hand exoskeleton at the impaired side. Utilizing simpler and more reliable pressure-sensorized graspable objects instead of biosignals might allow the system to adapt to residual motor capabilities of the impaired hand. System performance of the robotic assisted, bilateral grasping tasks have been experimented with 3 healthy subjects.
Graph Knowledge Representations for SICK
Authors: Kalouli Aikaterini-Lida , Crouch Richard , de Paiva Valeria , Real Livy
Published: June 2018

Determining semantic relationships between sentences is essential for machines that understand and reason with natural language. Despite neural networks big successes, end-to-end neural architectures still fail to get acceptable performance for textual inference, maybe due to lack of adequate datasets for learning. Recently large datasets have been constructed e.g. SICK, SNLI, MultiNLI, but it is not clear how trustworthy these datasets are. This paper describes work on an expressive open-source semantic parser GKR that creates graphical representations of sentences used for further semantic processing, e.g. for natural language inference, reasoning and semantic similarity. The GKR is inspired by the Abstract Knowledge Representation (AKR), which separates out conceptual and contextual levels of representation that deal respectively with the subject matter of a sentence and its existential commitments. We recall work investigating SICK and its problematic annotations and propose to use GKR as a better representation for the semantics of SICK sentences.
Beyond Homage and Critique? Schubert’s Sonata in C minor, D. 958, and Beethoven’s Thirty-Two Variations in C minor, WoO 80
Authors: Rusch René
Published: June 2018

When Schubert’s instrumental pieces seem to directly quote or allude to Beethoven’s works, some music scholars have interpreted these forms of appropriation either as musical homage or as evidence that Schubert modeled several of his works on Beethoven’s. Other scholars have encouraged us to rethink these perspectives, suggesting instead that the same forms of appropriation can be read as active responses or antipodes to Beethoven’s music.

This paper reconsiders the topic of influence in Schubert’s music from a post-structuralist position, drawing from Jacques Derrida’s writings on grafting—the act of placing separate texts side by side to produce a new structure. Using the first movement from Schubert’s Sonata in C minor, D. 958, and Beethoven’s Thirty-Two Variations in C minor, WoO 80 as examples, my paper seeks to rethink the categories of homage and critique by considering the following two ideas: (1) if “[t]o write means to graft” (Derrida [1972] 1982, 355), each composition contains a heterogeneity of texts, challenging the possibility of an original text; (2) matters concerning appropriation do not lie solely within either musical text, but rather between them, inviting us to reconsider how constructions of history and criteria for originality can affect our understanding of appropriation and our music-analytical readings of Schubert’s works.
Beyond the Radif: New Forms of Improvisational Practice in Iranian Music
Authors: Nooshin Laudan
Published: June 2018

This essay explores new forms of improvisational practice being developed by Iranian musicians in a tradition where the canonic radif repertoire has been central to improvisational practice for more than a century. I focus on the work of two musicians, Amir Eslami (nei) and Hooshyar Khayam (piano), and discuss pieces from their 2010 album All of You (Hermes Records, Iran). This music takes inspiration from the radif but lies outside the radif tradition and differs in important respects from “traditional” forms of improvisation, not least in the discussions that precede performance and in the discursive foregrounding of compositional thinking by the musicians themselves. I ask what the work of these musicians might tell us about the future direction of creative practice in Iranian classical music.
Conlon Nancarrow, “Hot” Jazz, and the Principle of Collective Improvisation
Authors: Thomas Margaret E.
Published: June 2018

This paper explores the possibility that Conlon Nancarrow’s connection to jazz runs more deeply and widely throughout the Studies for Player Piano than is typically recognized through the clear stylistic allusions to jazz found in a few of the Studies. I propose that an awareness of this deeper connection—as suggested by Nancarrow’s profound appreciation for early jazz, especially that of Louis Armstrong and Earl Hines—might prompt a new and rewarding mode of listening to the Studies, an improvisational mode. The principle of collective improvisation, important in both early jazz of the 1920s and in “free jazz” of the 1960s, was valued by Nancarrow, and his discussion of it intimates an aesthetic stance that runs through his music.
Loom weights in Archaic South Italy and Sicily: Five case studies
Authors: Enegren Hedvig Landenius
Published: June 2018

Textiles are perishables in the archaeological record unless specific environmental conditions are met. Fortunately, the textile tools used in their manufacture can provide a wealth of information and via experimental archaeology make visible to an extent what has been lost. The article presents and discusses the results obtained in a research project focused on textile tool technologies and identities in the context of settler and indigenous peoples, at select archaeological sites in South Italy and Sicily in the Archaic and Early Classical periods, with an emphasis on loom weights. Despite a common functional tool technology, the examined loom weights reveal an intriguing inter-site specificity, which, it is argued, is the result of hybrid expressions embedded in local traditions. Experimental archaeology testing is applied in the interpretation of the functional qualities of this common artefact.
Terenz' Hecyra—Spiel der Voreiligkeiten
Authors: Maurach Gregor
Published: June 2018

Rashness was one of the most urgent themes and most poignant reproaches in Greek experience and reasoning from the 5th century BC onwards: Thucydides complained of rash actions during the Peloponnesian War that led to disaster; Sophocles showed Deianeira rashly sending the lethal garment to her husband on his return with Iole, and Plato made his Socrates expose the rashness of his interlocutors’ assertions again and again. Small wonder, then that Comedy, especially the New Comedy, seized upon this all-pervading deficiency, as can be seen for example in Menander’s Perikeiromene and Epitrepontes, where impulsive young men nearly destroy their lives by acting and judging precipitately. Roman Comedy naturally followed suit, for example Terence in Heautontimorumenos as well as in his Hecyra, where he followed Apollodorus: time and again his characters assert what they do not know for certain and time and again they act according to unwarranted assumptions, a pivotal theme that hitherto seems to have been underrated.
Working Across
Authors: Ryen Anne
Published: June 2018

Editorial
Family Therapy and Young Abusers
Authors: Søftestad Siri , Bjørtvedt Margareth , Haga Jorunn , Hildén Karin E.
Published: June 2018

This article focuses on young abusers participating in a treatment program for families where one or more children have experienced child sexual abuse and/or have abused other children. TVERS is a multiprofessional team where the treatment is performed within a frame of control ,“care and control hand in hand”. Three trained family therapists from three different agencies come together and form the therapy. The caseworker from the child care protection service (Children`s Service) becomes a part of the TVERS-team during their therapeutic work with the young abuser and his family. The therapists are given access to all reports and documents from the police, the court and medical services. The caseworker can follow up the family between appointments as well as initiate child protection procedures if necessary. The article describes our experience of working with families where the son in the family has abused other children outside or inside their own family.
Research and development of polyurea pavement marking paint
Authors:   University of Transport Technology, Nguyen Thi Bich Thuy , Le Ngoc Ly ,   University of Transport Technology, Pham Hong Chuyen ,   University of Transport Technology, Do Van Tai ,   Institute of Transport Science and Technology, Tran Hai Ninh ,   Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Nguyen Dang Khoa ,   Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology
Published: June 2018

Pavement markings make an important contribution to the safety of people and vehicles on roads. Many types of pavement marking materials have been used, and most recently, polyurea materials have been used as a binder in pavement marking paint. This type of paint has high retro-reflection and durability, so it has been widely applied for use at airports and on highways around the world. This article introduces the results of our research and the making of polyurea pavement marking paint using the formula: binder/harder ratio (1.3/1 by weight), 42% of pigment and filler, 10% of reflective balls, rheological additive, and dispersive additive to create outstanding features (retro-reflection > 260 mcd/m2/lux).
Evaluation on the yield of some rice varieties with tolerance to salt stress, a case study
Authors:   Department of Genetics and Plant breeding, College of Agriculture and Applied Biology, Can Tho University, Quan Thi Ai Lien , Vo Cong Thanh ,   Department of Genetics and Plant breeding, College of Agriculture and Applied Biology, Can Tho University
Published: June 2018

In recent years, sea water has intruded into paddy fields along the coastal areas of the Mekong River Delta. This phenomenon, e.g abiotic stress, has caused rice yields to decrease significantly. A set of six new varieties of rice, including a variety control, IR28, were tested in Long An Province, a region subjected to abiotic stress, from August 2013 to December 2013. The experiments were arranged according to randomized complete block design, with three replications. Results showed that one new mutant cultivar of rice named CTUSM1 was tolerant to soil and water conditions (ECe, EC 6 dSm-1 ) at the seedling stage; with a yield of 4.43 ton/ha, amylose content of 16.56%, protein content of 6.78%, and a significant resistance to pests and diseases.
Research results on robusta coffee breeding in Vietnam
Authors:   Western Highlands Agriculture and Forestry Science Institute, Phan Viet Ha
Published: June 2018

In the research and development of coffee trees in Vietnam, particularly breeding is one of the most important activities and always prioritized by the Government. Since 1976, the Western Highlands Agriculture and Forestry Science Institute (WASI, former Coffee Research Institute), has invested a lot of efforts in selecting and creating new coffee varieties with good characteristics, namely high yield and big-sized beans, that have contributed to the enormous coffee development, especially to Robusta coffee. During 40 years, WASI has created and made them recognized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development with total 11 Robusta varieties. Of which, TR4, TR9, and TR11 are largely used in the cultivation in the Central Highlands, TR14 and TR15 are very promising to adapt to new challenge of climate change, and TRS1 is a good solution for quick seedling supplyies for the replanting program. These new varieties are highly recommended for the coffee development program till 2020 and in the coming years.
Colecistitis aguda alitiásica
Authors: Cárdenas Quirós María Fabiola
Published: June 2018

La Colecistitis aguda alitiásica o también llamada Acalculosa manifiesta por la presencia de una inflamación de la vesícula biliar en ausencia de cálculos en su interior, es una entidad poco frecuente pero emergente y en muchas ocasiones secundaria a otras condiciones clínicas como; procesos infecciosos de estirpe viral o bacteriano, cirugía mayor, fármacos, traumatismos, ventilación mecánica, nutrición parenteral, quemaduras, entre otras.

Se caracteriza por presentar manifestaciones clínicas que no difieren en gran medida de las de la colecistitis litiásica, entre ellas; cuadro febril, ictericia, dolor localizado en el hipocondrio derecho, náuseas, vómitos y anorexia, signo de Murphy positivo o dudoso, hipersensibilidad del área y presencia de masa en cuadrante superior, correspondiente a esto, se debe considerar entre las posibilidades diagnósticas para todo paciente críticamente enfermo o herido con un cuadro clínico de sepsis o ictericia sin origen conocido, siendo la ecografía vesicular  el estudio de gabinete de elección y permitiendo así instaurar el tratamiento médico, el cual incluye estabilización hemodinámica, supresión de fármacos capaces de dificultar el vaciado vesicular y la administración de antibióticos que tengan acción sobre aerobios gram negativos, enterococos y anaerobios, mientras que la colecistectomía de intervalo no está indicada después de un verdadero episodio de CAA y solo se reserva para pacientes con gangrena, perforación vesicular o cuando el drenaje percutáneo fracasa.
SMART PORTABLE CRYOTHERAPY SYSTEM INVOLVING CONTROLLED THERMOELECTRIC COOLING MODULES FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Kordani Naser , Rahmani Abbas , Hasanzadeh Reza PR
Published: June 2018

When a person suffers from an injury, there are specific methods of treatment which are recommended according to the type of injury. One of these methods involves Cryotherapy, in which the part of the affected body is exposed to cooling for decreasing the temperature. The aim of this therapeutic method is to decrease cellular metabolism, increase cellular survival, decrease inflammation and reduce pain and spasm.Â  The system designed in the present study involves the possibility of â€œsmartâ€ treatment using portable thermoelectric cooling devices based on electronic hardware, software and digital control techniques. In the proposed system, all stages of treatment have been performed automatically by using Arduino as the microcontroller to controlling temperature in cryotherapy methods. This research focus on usage of thermoelectric effect with Peltier module for smart electronic cooling and does not involve the usage of chemicals or cooling materials e.g. ice. Smart cooling methods have significant advantages that they are highly accurate and allow precise timing of the treatment especially for the athletes, and for whom the recovery time from injuries is critical. This approach can be fundamentally important for practical investigations relating to the timing of cryotherapy for any type of users. ABSTRAK: Apabila seseorang mengalami kecederaan, terdapat kaedah rawatan khas yang disyorkan berdasarkan jenis kecederaan. Salah satu kaedah ini melibatkan Krioterapi, di mana sebahagian kawasan badan yang terlibat didedahkan kepada kesejukan untuk megurangkan suhu badan. Tujuan kaedah terapeutik ini adalah bagi mengurangkan metabolisme sel, menambah sel selamat, mengurangkan radang dan mengurangkan sakit dan sentakan. Sistem yang direka dalam kajian ini berkemungkinan melibatkan rawatan bijak yang menggunakan alat penyejuk termoelektrik mudah alih melibatkan peranti elektronik, perisian dan teknik kawalan digital. Dalam sistem cadangan ini, kesemua peringkat rawatan telah dilaksanakan secara automatik menggunakan Arduino sebagai alat mikro-kawalan bagi mengawal suhu dalam kaedah Krioterapi. Fokus kajian ini adalah dengan menggunakan kesan termo-elektrik dengan modul Peltier untuk penyejuk elektronik bijak dan tidak melibatkan penggunaan bahan kimia dan bahan penyejuk seperti ais. Kaedah penyejuk bijak ini mempunyai faedah ketara seperti sangat tepat dan memberi masa rawatan yang jitu terutama untuk atlet, dan kepada sesiapa yang tempoh masa pemulihan kecederaan amat penting untuknya. Pendekatan ini boleh menjadi asas penting bagi penyelidikan praktikal berkaitan masa krioterapi untuk pelbagai jenis pengguna.
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION OF DURIAN SKIN NANOFIBRE BIOCOMPOSITE
Authors: Mohd Apandi Siti Nur E'zzati , Anuar Hazleen , Abdul Rashid Siti Munirah Salimah
Published: June 2018

To come up with a biodegradable alternative in reducing the use of polymer-based materials, polypropylene (PP) and durian skin nanofibre (DSNF) were melt-blended in a Haake internal mixer before compression moulded into composite specimens. The composites were exposed under ultraviolet (UV) radiation to simulate the effect of sunlight. The significant effect of maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP) was observed by the improvement recorded in tensile properties and reduction of water absorption in PP/DSNF composite. The colour index of composites increased with UV radiation exposure. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images showed DSNF was well-dispersed in PP matrix in the presence of MAPP.
HOSPITAL MORTALITY OF CARDIAC SURGERY PATIENTS WITH ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY ON RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY
Authors: Zakon К. , Kolesnyk М. , Dudarenko V. , Radchenko G.
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this study was to compare the influence of different modalities of renal replacement therapy (RRT) on outcome of cardiac surgery patients (pts) with acute kidney injury (AKI).
CHRONICKIDNEYDISEASE IN CHILDREN AND RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPYIN UKRAINE
Authors: Bagdasarova I. V. , Fomina S. P.
Published: June 2018

Classification of Chronic Kidney Disease and stages of Chronic Renal Failure in children were compared. There was presented adapted Schwartz formula for estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate. Prevalence of the genitourinary system diseases in Ukrainian children was considered. There was first time systematized data on Chronic Kidney Disease in children and renal replacement therapy in the years 2009-2014.
VISFATIN LEVEL DISTURBANCES IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY
Authors: Topchii I.I. , Semenovykh P.S. , Galchinskaya V.YU. , Yefimova N.V.
Published: June 2018

Introduction. Recent studies suggest that visfatin participates in pathogenesis of vascular diabetic complications, in particular diabetic nephropathy (DN). The aim of the present research - definition of visfatin level in peripheral blood of type 2 diabetic patients taking to account renal function disturbances and body mass index (BMI).

Materials and methods. 94 type 2 diabetic patients with different stages of DN and 10 healthy subjects (control group) were observed. Visfatin concentration in blood plasma was determined using immunoassay kit.

Results. An essential increase of visfatin level in blood plasma took place already in initial stages of the DN. Progressing of the disease was accompanied by more expressed growth of visfatin concentration. In patients with high BMI substantial increase of visfatin level when compared with those with normal IMT was determined. We established strong correlations between visfatin concentrations, urinary albumin levels and blood creatinine concentrations and negative correlations with glomerular filtration rate.

Conclusions: Our findings testify that visfatin level displays a functional kidney state and may be used as addition to traditional methods of patients examination.
DAMAGE OF RENAL FUNCTION AND DYNAMICS OF DYSLIPIDEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS WITH INSUFFICIENT GLYCEMIC COMPENSATION UNDER CONDITION OF CORRECTION OF HYPERTENSION WITH ANGIOTENSIN II RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS
Authors: Pertseva N.O.
Published: June 2018

Damage of renal function and dynamics of dyslipidemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with insufficient glycemic compensation under condition of correction of hypertension with angiotensin II receptor antagonists

 

Introduction. Need to be studied issues related to the dynamics of nephropathic and dyslipidemic disorders on the background of long-term treatment of hypertension with using angiotensin II receptor antagonists in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. The treatment and examination of 87patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with insufficient glycemic compensation and hypertension. The dynamics of nephropathic and dyslipidemic disorders during 1 year of treatment was studied. Results and discussion. On the background of the standard treatment of hypertension occur regression of microalbuminuria in 32.3% of patients, as well as normalization of concentrations of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels after 1 year of treatment. Antihypertensive therapy with the use of angiotensin II receptor antagonists significantly more effective than standard treatment policy to influence the development of dyslipidemia.

Conclusion. After 6 months of treatment on the background of normalization dyslipidemic disorders and nephropathic disorders use ofangiotensin II receptor antagonists followed by regression of microalbuminuria in 54.7% ofpatients.
ORGANIZATION NEPHROLOGIC ASSISTANCE IN KYIVCITY: PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS
Authors: Dudar I.O. , Palamar B.I. , Krasjuk E.K. , Loboda O.M.
Published: June 2018

The article are covering problems for the organization of nephrological care in Kyiv. Regulations according to which nephrological assistance is provided to city residents are listed. Proposals to improve the nephrological aid in Kншv are presented