bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ValuesApp: Conectando potenciales colaboradores con entidades sociales
Authors: Arribas María , Gavilán Domingo Pablo , Oceja Fernández Luis
Published: December 2023

En la actualidad existe una amplia oferta de iniciativas de ayuda que paradójicamente puede desconcertar a potenciales colaboradores. ValuesApp es una herramienta telemática que conecta a colaboradores y entidades evaluando el perfil motivacional de los primeros y presentando, de forma coherente y ordenada, las iniciativas de ayuda que ofrecen los segundos. En esta investigación hemos analizado la eficacia de ValuesApp en dos contextos: aplicada a través de una plataforma online (Estudio 1) y mediante la solicitud personal en un entorno natural (Estudio 2). En el Estudio 3, hemos evaluado cómo son percibidas un conjunto de iniciativas prosociales. Los resultados apoyan la utilidad de ValuesApp (Estudios 1 y 2) y permiten cerrar el ciclo Investigación-Acción ofreciendo iniciativas prosociales ajustadas a los valores y motivos de los potenciales colaboradores.
PREVALÊNCIA DA DOENÇA PERIODONTAL: EM PACIENTES COM DOENÇA RENAL CRONICA
Authors: Barreto Lídia Fernandes Silva , Oliveira Neto Hélio Simões de , Nogueira Ledson Sampaio
Published: December 2023

A Periodontite é um tipo de inflamação imunológica sistêmica causada pela infecção complexa de uma variedade de microrganismos na placa subgengival e pelo desequilíbrio do ambiente ecológico microbiano na boca.que afeta os tecidos periodontais, resultando na perda de inserção e destruição do osso alveolar. A doença renal crônica (DRC) é uma condição sistêmica que resulta na perda irreversível da função renal ao longo do tempo. Ela pode ser causada por várias condições, como doenças hereditárias, lesões renais, diabetes e hipertensão não controlada. A doença periodontal e a doença renal crônica podem estar associadas devido a diversos fatores em comum. Este estudo visa como objetivo investigar a relação entre a doença periodontal e a doença renal crônica por meio da revisão de estudos de pesquisa disponíveis na base de dados SciELO. PUBMED, Google Acadêmico. Com base nos resultados obtidos, espera-se que o estudo possa fornecer orientações para profissionais de saúde no desenvolvimento de estratégias de prevenção e tratamento conjuntas para a doença periodontal e a doença renal crônica.
The Emissions Model Intercomparison Project (Emissions-MIP): quantifying model sensitivity to emission characteristics
Authors: Ahsan Hamza , Wang Hailong , Wu Jingbo , Wu Mingxuan , Smith Steven J. , Bauer Susanne , Suchyta Harrison , Olivié Dirk , Myhre Gunnar , Matsui Hitoshi , Bian Huisheng , Lamarque Jean-François , Carslaw Ken , Horowitz Larry , Regayre Leighton , Chin Mian , Schulz Michael , Skeie Ragnhild Bieltvedt , Takemura Toshihiko , Naik Vaishali
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Anthropogenic emissions of aerosols and precursor compounds are known to significantly affect the energy balance of the Earth–atmosphere system, alter the formation of clouds and precipitation, and have a substantial impact on human health and the environment. Global models are an essential tool for examining the impacts of these emissions. In this study, we examine the sensitivity of model results to the assumed height of SO2 injection, seasonality of SO2 and black carbon (BC) particulate emissions, and the assumed fraction of SO2 emissions that is injected into the atmosphere as particulate phase sulfate (SO4) in 11 climate and chemistry models, including both chemical transport models and the atmospheric component of Earth system models. We find large variation in atmospheric lifetime across models for SO2, SO4, and BC, with a particularly large relative variation for SO2, which indicates that fundamental aspects of atmospheric sulfur chemistry remain uncertain. Of the perturbations examined in this study, the assumed height of SO2 injection had the largest overall impacts, particularly on global mean net radiative flux (maximum difference of −0.35 W m−2), SO2 lifetime over Northern Hemisphere land (maximum difference of 0.8 d), surface SO2 concentration (up to 59 % decrease), and surface sulfate concentration (up to 23 % increase). Emitting SO2 at height consistently increased SO2 and SO4 column burdens and shortwave cooling, with varying magnitudes, but had inconsistent effects across models on the sign of the change in implied cloud forcing. The assumed SO4 emission fraction also had a significant impact on net radiative flux and surface sulfate concentration. Because these properties are not standardized across models this is a source of inter-model diversity typically neglected in model intercomparisons. These results imply a need to ensure that anthropogenic emission injection height and SO4 emission fraction are accurately and consistently represented in global models.
Photochemical ageing of aerosols contributes significantly to the production of atmospheric formic acid
Authors: Jiang Yifan , Xia Men , Wang Zhe , Zheng Penggang , Chen Yi , Wang Tao
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Formic acid (HCOOH) is one of the most abundant organic acids in the atmosphere and affects atmospheric acidity and aqueous chemistry. However, the HCOOH sources are not well understood. In a recent field study, we measured atmospheric HCOOH concentrations at a coastal site in southern China. The average concentrations of HCOOH were 191 ± 167 ppt in marine air masses and 996 ± 433 ppt in coastal air masses. A strong linear correlation between HCOOH concentrations and the surface area densities of submicron particulate matter was observed in coastal air masses. Post-campaign laboratory experiments confirmed that the photochemical ageing of ambient aerosols promoted by heterogeneous reactions with ozone produced a high concentration of HCOOH at a rate of 0.185 ppb h−1 under typical ambient conditions at noon. HCOOH production was strongly affected by nitrate photolysis, as this efficiently produces OH radicals that oxidise organics to form HCOOH. We incorporated this particle-phase source into a photochemical model, and the net HCOOH production rate increased by about 3 times compared with the default Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM). These findings demonstrate that the photochemical ageing of aerosols is an important source of HCOOH that should be included in atmospheric chemistry–transport models.
Revisiting the question “Why is the sky blue?”
Authors: Lange Anna , Rozanov Alexei , von Savigny Christian
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The common answer to the question “Why is the sky blue?” is usually Rayleigh scattering. In 1953 Edward Hulburt demonstrated that Rayleigh scattering accounts for 1/3 and ozone absorption for 2/3 of the blue colour of the zenith sky at sunset. In this study, an approach to quantify the contribution of ozone to the blue colour of the sky for different viewing geometries is implemented using the radiative transfer model SCIATRAN and the CIE (International Commission on Illumination) XYZ 1931 colour system. The influence of ozone on the blue colour of the sky is calculated for solar zenith angles of 10–90∘ and a wide range of viewing geometries. For small solar zenith angles, the influence of ozone on the blue colour of the sky is minor, as expected. However, the effect of ozone increases with increasing solar zenith angle. The calculations for the Sun at the horizon confirm Hulburt's estimation with remarkably good agreement. More stratospheric aerosols reduce the ozone contribution at and near the zenith for the Sun at the horizon. The exact contribution of ozone depends strongly on the assumed total ozone column. The calculations also show that the contribution of ozone increases with increasing viewing zenith angle and total ozone column. Variations in surface albedo as well as full treatment of polarised radiative transfer were found to have only minor effects on the contribution of ozone to the blue colour of the sky. Furthermore, with an observer at 10 km altitude an increase in the ozone influence can be seen.
Measurement report: Size-resolved mass concentration of equivalent black carbon-containing particles larger than 700 nm and their role in radiation
Authors: Zhao Weilun , Li Ying , Zhao Gang , Guo Song , Ma Nan , Hu Shuya , Zhao Chunsheng
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Black carbon (BC) mass size distribution (BCMSD) is crucial in both the environment and the climate system due to BC's intense size-dependent absorption of solar radiation. BC-containing particles larger than 700 nm (BC>700) could contribute to more than half of bulk BC mass concentration. Unfortunately, previous methods concentrated on BC-containing particles of less than 700 nm because of technical limitations. The contribution of BC to absorption and the radiative effect might be underestimated without consideration of BC>700. In this study, equivalent BCMSD (eBCMSD) from 150 nm up to 1.5 µm was measured at high time resolution of 1 h for the first time by an aerodynamic aerosol classifier in tandem with an aethalometer in two field campaigns over eastern China, namely Changzhou located in the Yangtze River Delta and Beijing located in the North China Plain. The results revealed that the pattern of eBCMSD in Changzhou (Beijing) was mostly bimodal (unimodal) peaking at 240 and 1249 nm (427 nm). The peak diameter of eBCMSD in Changzhou did not shift significantly with increasing pollution (240 to 289 nm). In contrast, the peak diameter of eBCMSD in Beijing shifted towards larger sizes, from 347 to 527 nm, with increasing pollution, indicating that the aging process at the urban site was different from that at the regional background site. eBCMSD in both Changzhou and Beijing had a significant diurnal cycle with a smaller (larger) value of eBCMSD during daytime (nighttime). Equivalent BC>700 (eBC>700) was ubiquitous and varied significantly with different locations and pollution levels. The campaign-averaged contribution of eBC>700 to bulk eBC mass concentration (meBC,bulk), bulk absorption coefficient (σab,bulk) and estimated direct radiative forcing of eBC (DRFeBC) in Changzhou and Beijing were 27.8 % (20.9 %–36.5 %) and 24.1 % (17.5 %–34.2 %), 19.6 % (15.8 %–24.6 %) and 25.9 % (19.6 %–33.7 %) and 20.5 % (18.4 %–22.2 %) and 21.0 % (16.3 %–26.1 %), respectively. meBC,bulk, σab,bulk and DRFeBC of eBC>700 in Changzhou (Beijing) increased by a factor of 3.6 (5.1) from 0.11 (0.07) to 0.40 (0.36) µg m−3, by a factor of 3.2 (5.5) from 0.54 (0.63) to 1.75 (3.45) Mm−1 and by a factor of 2.4 (4.7) from 0.1 (0.1) to 0.24 (0.47) W m−2, respectively, with the aggravation of pollution. The contribution of eBC>700 to meBC,bulk and σab,bulk had a significant diurnal cycle with a higher (lower) fraction during daytime (nighttime) in both Changzhou and Beijing. A case study indicated that the contribution of eBC>700 to meBC,bulk, σab,bulk and DRFeBC could reach up to 50 %, 50 % and 40 %, respectively. It was highly recommended to consider the whole size range of BC-containing particles in model estimation of the BC radiative effect.
Long-term trends of midlatitude horizontal mesosphere/lower thermosphere winds over four decades
Authors: Jacobi Christoph , Kuchar Ales , Renkwitz Toralf , Jaen Juliana
Published: December 2023

Abstract. We analyse 43 years of mesosphere/lower thermosphere (MLT) horizontal winds obtained from a joint analysis of low frequency (LF) spaced receiver lower ionospheric drift measurements from late 1978 through 2008 and VHF meteor radar wind observations since summer 2004 at Collm (51.3∘ N, 13.0∘ E). Due to limitations of the earlier LF measurements, we restrict ourselves to the analysis of monthly mean winds near 90 km, which represents the meteor peak height as well as mean LF reflection heights in the MLT. We observe mainly positive trends of the zonal prevailing wind throughout the year, while the meridional winds tend to decrease in magnitude in both summer and winter. Furthermore, there is a change in long-term trends around the late 1990s, which is most clearly visible in summer MLT winds. We compare these measurements with long-term partial reflection radar observations of winds at 81–85 km over Juliusruh (54.6∘ N, 13.4∘ E) since 1990, and find general qualitative agreement of trends except for summer. The latter can be explained by the different altitudes considered, and by the latitude dependence of the summer mesospheric jet.
Anomaly Detection with Decision Trees for AI Assisted Evaluation of Signal Integrity on PCB Transmission Lines
Authors: Ecik Emre , John Werner , Withöft Julian , Götze Jürgen
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Printed circuit board (PCB) design can be supported to a high degree by adding AI modules to the design system. Predictions from these modules can be made available to the designer in order to speed up circuit design and make it more efficient. Problems regarding signal integrity (SI) can be detected in time by providing hints on component connection or routing. However, the optimization and ML methods used in this context are usually very sophisticated (e.g., Bayesian optimization). Therefore, the design parameters provided by the AI modules must be accepted without further insights (for the experienced as well as the inexperienced designer). In this paper, a decision tree for anomaly detection and SI verification is presented, which by nature of this algorithm provides insights to the decisions made to obtain the proposed design parameters. Using a point-to-point (P2P) network as an example, the prediction accuracy of the AI model is investigated. It is shown that assessing SI effects with a decision tree provides a simple approach to obtain the suggested design. Furthermore, the predictions of the decision tree can be verified against the design rules.
Generating AI modules for decoupling capacitor placement using simulation
Authors: Ghafarian Shoaee Nima , Nezhi Zouhair , John Werner , Brüning Ralf , Götze Jürgen
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The effects of parameters affecting the input impedance of a power delivery network (PDN) are investigated. It is considered that the size of the power plane and the number of associated planes in the PCB layout, apart from the decoupling capacitor, have an effect on the impedance behavior within a certain frequency range. An artificial neural network (ANN) is trained using the generated data utilizing a process to generate suitable input for training a machine learning (ML) module, which is able to predict the impedance profile of the PDN. In order to obtain a more accurate prediction, Bayesian optimization is implemented and the results are compared to commercial power integrity (PI) software.
AI Models for Supporting SI Analysis on PCB Net Structures: Comparing Linear and Non-Linear Data Sources
Authors: Withöft Julian , John Werner , Ecik Emre , Brüning Ralf , Götze Jürgen
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Signal integrity (SI) is an essential part in assuring the functionality of microelectronic components on a printed circuit board (PCB). Depending on the complexity of the designed interconnect structure, even the experienced PCB developer might be reliant on multiple design cycles to optimally configure the PCB parameters, which eventually results in a very complex, time-consuming and costly process. Under these aggravating conditions, artificial intelligence (AI) models may have the potential to support and simplify the SI-aware PCB design process by building predictive models and proposing design solutions to streamline the existing workflows and unburden the PCB designer. In this paper, the AI approach is divided into two separate stages consisting of neural network (NN) regression in the first step and parameterization of the PCB net structure in the second step. First, the NN models are applied to learn the relationship between the electrical parameters and the resulting signal quality captured by domain-oriented signal features in the time domain. Second, based on the trained NN models, on the one hand, the k-nearest neighbor (kNN) method is utilized to select solution candidates within the feature space, while on the other hand, genetic algorithms (GA) are applied to directly optimize the parameters of the interconnect structure. Moreover, the influence of the simulation abstraction level is investigated by comparing simulation data originating from linear and I/O buffer information specification (IBIS)-based non-linear modeling of the integrated circuit (IC) characteristics concerning the prediction accuracy and direct transferability. Finally, transfer learning concepts are evaluated to exchange learned knowledge representations between the different modeling of the IC characteristics to improve data efficiency and reduce computational complexity.
Ecosystem-specific patterns and drivers of global reactive iron mineral-associated organic carbon
Authors: Zhao Bo , Dou Amin , Zhang Zhiwei , Chen Zhenyu , Sun Wenbo , Feng Yanli , Wang Xiaojuan , Wang Qiang
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Reactive iron (Fe) oxides are vital for long-term soil or sediment organic carbon (SOC) storage. However, the patterns and drivers of Fe-associated organic carbon (Fe-OC) over global geographic scales under various ecosystem types remain controversial. Here, we provided a systematic assessment of the distribution patterns and determinants of Fe-OC content and its contribution to SOC (fFe-OC) by assembling a global dataset comprising 862 observations from 325 sites in distinct ecosystems. We found that Fe-OC content across global ecosystems ranged from 0 to 83.3 g kg−1 (fFe-OC ranged from 0 % to 82.4 %), reflecting the high variability of the Fe-OC pool. Fe-OC contents varied with ecosystem type being greater in wetlands with a high molar ratio of Fe-OC / dithionite-extractable Fe (Fed) compared with marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Furthermore, fFe-OC in wetlands was significantly lower than that in other ecosystems due to rich organic carbon (OC). In contrast with climate variables and soil pH, the random forest modeling and multivariate analysis showed that the Fe-OC : Fed and SOC were the predominant predictors of Fe-OC content and fFe-OC in wetlands and terrestrial ecosystems, whereas Fed content was a primary driver in marine ecosystems. Based on upper estimates of global SOC storage in various ecosystem types, we further estimated that 83.84 ± 3.8, 172.45 ± 8.74, and 24.48 ± 0.87 Pg of SOC were preserved by association with Fe oxides in wetland, terrestrial, and marine ecosystems, respectively. Taken together, our findings highlighted the importance of reactive Fe oxides in global SOC preservation, and their controlling factors were ecosystem specific.
Initial conditions control transport of volcanic volatiles, forcing and impacts
Authors: Zhuo Zhihong , Fuglestvedt Herman F. , Toohey Matthew , Krüger Kirstin
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Volcanic eruptions impact the climate and environment. The volcanic forcing is determined by eruption source parameters, including mass and composition of volcanic volatiles, eruption season, eruption latitude and injection altitude. Moreover, initial conditions of the climate system play an important role in shaping the volcanic response. However, our understanding of the combination of these factors, the distinctions between tropical and extratropical volcanic eruptions and the co–injection of sulfur and halogens remains limited. Here, we perform ensemble simulations of volcanic eruptions at 15° N and 64° N in January, injecting 17 Mt of SO2 together with HCl and HBr at 24 km altitude, considering different initial conditions of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, Quasi–Biennial Oscillation, and polar vortex. Our findings reveal that initial conditions control the transport of volcanic volatiles from the rst month and modulate the subsequent latitudinal distribution of sulfate aerosols and halogens. This results in different volcanic forcing, surface temperature and ozone responses over the globe and Northern Hemisphere Extratropics (NHET) among the model ensemble members with different initial conditions. NH extratropical eruptions exhibit a larger NHET mean volcanic forcing, surface cooling and ozone depletion compared to tropical eruptions. However, tropical eruptions lead to more prolonged impacts compared to NH extratropical eruptions, both globally and in the NHET. The sensitivity of volcanic forcing to varying eruption source parameters and model dependency is discussed, emphasizing the need for future multi–model studies to consider the influence of initial conditions and eruption source parameters on volcanic forcing and subsequent impacts.
Presentación
Authors: Medina-Vicent Maria , Carretero García Carlota
Published: December 2023

En el presente monográfico lanzado desde Cuadernos de Relaciones Laborales, se pretende reflexionar sobre las intersecciones y discontinuidades entre neoliberalismo y género, especialmente vinculadas a la expansión de lógicas y asunciones vinculadas al management empresarial y al denominado como ethos emprendedor.
Analisis Kerusakan Permukaan Jalan Berdasarkan Penilaian Dengan Metode SDI Dan IRI
Authors: Maulana Miftah , Rulhendri  , Chayati Nurul
Published: December 2023

Infrastruktur bidang transportasi berupa jalan merupakan bagian penting bagi pergerakan masyarakat, Penggunaan jalan yang berkelanjutan serta volume kendaraaan yang meningkat dapat menyebabkan timbulnya kerusakan jalan yang mempengaruhi kondisi konstruksinya sehingga akan berdampak pada tingkat kualitas, kenyamanan, keamanan, dan kelancaran berlalu lintas. Analisa kerusakan permukaan jalan secara periodik sangat dibutuhkan untuk mengetahui kondisi jalan tersebut dalam kondisi baik atau dalam kondisi yang membutuhkan perbaikan dan pemeliharaan. Ruas Jalan Raya Ciherang Kabupaten Bogor dikategorikan sebagai jalan kabupaten yang cukup padat lalu lintasnya,dengan panjang 2 km dan merupakan jalan lokal sekunder. Metode yang digunakan untuk penilaian kondisi permukaan jalan adalah metode Surfece Distress Index (SDI) dan International Roughness Index (IRI). Dengan membandingkan penilaian secara visual dan menggunakan aplikasi Roadroid maka hasilnya akan lebih efektif untuk digunakan sebagai acuan dalam mengetahui tingkat kerusakan dan penanganannya. Hasil Analisis menunjukan perbandingan rata-rata persentase kerusakan jalan menggunakan metode SDI dan IRI, persentase terbesar nilai SDI berada pada kondisi baik yaitu 50% sedangkan persentase terbesar pada nilai IRI berada pada kondisi baik dan sedang dengan nilai keduanya 37,50%.  Nilai index rata-rata kondisi permukaan jalan yang ditinjau pada Ruas Jalan Raya Ciherang memiliki Kondisi baik dan sedang  mengacu kepada data penentuan jenis penangan kondisi jalan yang bersumber dari Bina Marga,2011 perlu dilakukan berupa pemeliharaan rutin dan menurut informasi Kebina-Margaan, Dinas Pekerjaan Umum 2007 mengenai kondisi pelayanan jalan maka, Ruas Jalan Raya Ciherang termasuk dalam Kondisi Pelayanan  Mantap.
STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE BOUNDARY LAYER OF A PISTON–RING PAIR
Authors: Srećko M.S. , Brodarac Z.Z. , Dolić N. , Djurdjevic M. , Bukvić A.
Published: December 2023

Поршни двигателей внутреннего сгорания в основном изготавливаются из сплавов на базе системы Al–Si (силумины). В высоконагруженных дизельных двигателях в качестве держателей колец на рабочей поверхности поршней предусмотрены канавки для колец, которые изготавливают из сплавов на основе железа, например, чугуна. Таким образом, в процессе работы двигателя в поршневой части работает как силумин, так и легированный чугун, т.е. образуется согласованно работающая металлическая пара на основе сплавов алюминия и железа. Если в паре связующий слой не образуется, то на канавках, где расположены поршневые кольца, образуется дефект, и двигатель выходит из строя. В настоящем исследовании проведен анализ формирования связующего слоя в паре «канавка поршня–кольцо». Результаты исследования показали механизм взаимодействия между двумя сплавами.

The pistons of internal combustion engines are mainly made of alloys based on the Al–Si system (silumins). In heavily loaded diesel engines, grooves for rings are provided as ring holders on the working surface of the pistons, which are made of iron-based alloys, such as cast iron. Thus, during the operation of the engine, both silumin and alloyed cast iron work in the piston part, i.e. a metal pair working in concert on the basis of aluminum and iron alloys is formed. If a bonding layer is not formed in a pair, then a defect forms on the grooves where the piston rings are located, and the engine fails. In the present study, an analysis was made of the formation of a bonding layer in the “piston groove–ring” pair. The results of the study showed the mechanism of interaction between the two alloys.
Behavior of a forest of NiFe nanowires in KOH and NaCl solution for water electrolysis
Authors: Oliveri Roberto Luigi
Published: December 2023

In the present work, the behaviour of nanostructured electrodes consisting of an array of nanowires made of NiFe alloy is studied in a KOH + 0.5 M NaCl solution. The aim is to explore the possibility of using these electrodes for hydrogen production by seawater electrolysis. The splitting of sea water requires a highly selective electrode on the anode side, where the evolution of molecular chlorine or the formation of other active chlorine compounds can compete with the oxygen evolution reaction. Nanostructured electrodes obtained by template electrosynthesis were tested at room temperature in KOH + 0.5 M NaCl solution and the results were compared with those obtained in pure KOH. The results showed that the electrocatalytic behaviour of the nanostructured NiFe alloy was not affected by the presence of NaCl. Furthermore, the chemical-physical characterisations carried out after the long-term galvanostatic tests have shown that the nanostructured electrodes are also stable in terms of morphology and composition. In addition, the solution used to perform the long-term galvanostatic tests was analysed to investigate the possible formation of chlorine compounds. The absence of these compounds, together with the measurement of the potential value for the oxygen evolution reaction, which was always lower than the thermodynamic redox potential for the hypochlorite formation reaction, leads us to conclude that these electrodes are potentially suitable for seawater electrolysis.
Boletín de Precios Forestales, Septiembre 2023
Authors:   Instituto Forestal (Chile), Pardo Evaristo
Published: December 2023

A septiembre 2023, los precios nominales de los principales productos de pino radiata comercializados en el país presentan un comportamiento dispar comparado con junio del presente año. Destacaron las alzas de precios de las trozas aserrables de pino radiata puestas en aserradero de la Región de Biobío, precios que se incrementaron un 0,8%, pero acumulan una caída de -5,4% en lo que va del año. El precio de la madera cepillada de pino radiata puesto en barraca de la Región de Biobío, experimentó una mejoría de 0,7%, aun así, los primeros nueve meses del año muestran un detrimento de -1,0%. En tanto, el precio de la madera pulpable de pino radiata de las Regiones de Maule y Biobío, bajó un 3.0%, comparado con junio, mostrando un retroceso de -11,3% durante los primeros nueve meses del año. Por su parte, el precio de la madera aserrada de pino radiata puesta en aserradero de la Región de Biobío y barraca de la Región Metropolitana muestra una variación de 0% en comparación con junio, y en lo que va del año la variación se mantiene negativa en -2,8% y -4,6%, respectivamente. El precio de la madera cepillada de pino radiata puesta en barraca de la Región Metropolitana tuvo una baja de 4% en relación a junio, acumulando una reducción de -8,7% al noveno mes del año.
Analysis of 2-D Steady State Heat Conduction In A Slab Subjected With Different Types of Boundary Conditions Using Method of Lines
Authors: Ramakrishna Mindi , Babu Nalluri Chitti , Akhila B. , Sahukaru Bhargav
Published: December 2023

Many disciplines in science and engineering, heat transfer plays a vital role and the problems associated with heat transfer are of great importance. Generally, two-dimensional steady state conduction is governed and transformed into a second order partial differential equation (PDE). Satisfying the differential equation along with four boundary conditions is essential for a solution to be valid. There are analytical solutions available, but only for simple boundary conditions and these are not suitable for complex boundary conditions. A technique for solving partial differential equations is Method of Lines (MOL), in which one dimension is discretized. In this study an analytical approach to a two-dimensional slab with steady state heat conduction under different types of boundary conditions is considered. The complete description of heat flow through slab using MOL is presented and the obtained PDEs are solved. Temperature distribution profiles in the slab by using MOL were plotted and compared with the profiles of analytical solutions by using MATLAB. The steady state analysis of temperature distribution in a slab with specified Dirichlet boundary conditions and Neumann boundary conditions was developed by using Method of Lines. From the profiles it is observed that as the number of lines increases, the error between analytical and MOL (semi analytical) solutions decreases, and the profiles of analytical and MOL converged which indicates the preference of higher number of lines in order to obtain accurate values.
SOCIALIZATION OF PHASE C INDONESIAN STUDENT FITNESS TEST (TES KEBUGARAN SISWA INDONESIA / TKSI)
Authors: Ians Aprilo  , Poppy Elisano Arfanda  , M. Adam Mappompo  , M. Said Zainuddin  , Retno Farhana Nurulita
Published: December 2023

Student's physical fitness is one of the important things in supporting the implementation of learning at school. This Community Service is an outreach activity about the Indonesian Student Fitness Test (TKSI), which is still something new, so many Physical Education, Sports, and Health (PJOK) teachers do not yet understand it. Apart from socializing about TKSI, another aim is to determine the fitness level of elementary school (SD) students in grades 5 and 6. The method used is to explain how TKSI is implemented and demonstrate its implementation. The result of this service is that the average student's fitness is in the good category.
ANALISIS EKONOMI PEDAGANG MAKANAN TRADISIONAL DI PONTIAN JOHOR MALAYSIA
Authors: Muh. Zulkifli Murfat  , Syamsuri Rahim  , Imaduddin Imaduddin , Amirullah Amirullah
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this community engagement is to provide guidance to the residents of Pontian, Johor, aiming to enhance their understanding of the economic value of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), particularly in the context of the traditional food "gogos." Despite their familiarity with utilizing the internet as a tool to introduce their products, this initiative also elucidates the concept of the 4P marketing strategy (Product, Price, Place, Promotion). Special emphasis is placed on the realization that skillfully and accurately implementing the appropriate marketing strategy will empower the community to assess their performance by comparing it against predefined marketing targets. To achieve this, concrete steps in strategic marketing are meticulously crafted for each designed stage. This endeavor encompasses illustrative examples of marketing strategies for diverse businesses, encompassing SWOT analysis, such as market understanding, formulation of marketing objectives, configuration of the marketing mix, augmentation of brand awareness, and targeting mobile device users
Hyperbaric Therapy in Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation: An Integrative Review
Authors: Schwambach Bruna Siqueira , Braga Maria Eduarda Lourenço de Sá , Ferreira Luíza Azevedo , Andrade Sofia Vasconcelos , Vieira Cecília de Andrade Falcão Fernandes , Oliveira Letícia Cardoso Mendonça Corrêa de , Batista Maria Clara Santini , Souza Bruna Maria Nahum de , Silva Hugo Rafael de Souza e , Lima Manuela Izidio de , Neto Olival Cirilo Lucena da Fonseca
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Patients with liver disease generally have a serious clinical condition that can rapidly worsen, making the wait until liver transplantation or post-surgery a poor prognosis. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy has therefore been described in some studies as an alternative in these cases, as it mitigates the effects of the diseases and liver transplantation. Objective: To describe the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the pre- and post-operative periods of patients undergoing liver transplantation. Methods: This is an Integrative Review using the PubMed and Web Of Science databases. The following descriptors were used: “Hyperbaric oxygenation”, “Liver transplantation” and “Hyperbaric oxygen therapy” with the Boolean operator “AND”, and articles of relevance to the topic were selected. Initially, 49 articles were selected, all published in the last 20 years, in Portuguese and/or English. After analysis, 6 articles matched the proposed objective. Results: It can be seen that intraoperative systemic O2 content affects postoperative recovery in patients undergoing liver transplantation. Early hyperbaric oxygen therapy acts as a protector in reducing the severity of hepatocyte ischemia/reperfusion injury. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy also influences the immune response of patients undergoing liver transplantation, reducing incompatibility. Still on the subject of the immunomodulatory effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, this therapy has been shown to be effective in helping to prevent post-operative infections by improving the antibacterial activity of immune cells and increasing the bactericidal effect of antibiotics. In the case of patients on the waiting list for liver transplants, a reduction in the number and intensity of encephalopathy episodes, an improvement in pruritus and a feeling of well-being were observed after treatment with oxygen therapy. In terms of early allograft dysfunction, it was shown that patients with dysfunction had lower O2 values in the anepathic and neo-hepatic phases when compared to patients without dysfunction in the post-operative period. In addition, during the anepathic phase, the content of the SatO2 level was also lower in the group with dysfunction than in those without. Conclusion: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is beneficial in liver preservation, as it helps to maintain liver function, prolong liver preservation time and improve the outcome of liver transplantation.
Design and Implementation of an Examination Seating Arrangement Application to Curb Examination Malpractice
Authors: Adetona Sunday Oladejo , Akintoye Faith Akindayomi
Published: December 2023

This research presents a web-based application developed to address the issue of "Giraffing" during examinations. The application in addition to the automating the examination seating arrangement so as to ensure that students enrolled in the same courses are not seated next to each other during the examination, it also includes a messaging feature that sends text messages to the students a five minutes before the start of the examination. These messages serve as reminders and provide important instructions, such as the examination time, location, and any specific materials required. By proactively communicating with the students, the application aims to minimize instances of lateness and confusion, ensuring that students are well-prepared and informed before entering the examination hall. The application, built using Laravel and Vue.js, incorporates key modules to facilitate the management and execution of the seating arrangement process. The greedy graph colouring algorithm and connection matrix served as the underlying methods for generating optimal seating assignments, effectively minimizing proximity among students with shared course enrolments. The message feature was facilitated by Termii API. To evaluate the application's functionality, thorough testing was conducted within the university environment. A selected number of students participated in the testing phase, ensuring the application's effectiveness and performance in real-world scenarios. Notably, the application successfully fulfilled all requirements, including the generation of a graphical representation of the seating arrangement and the timely delivery of text messages to students. These messages provided students with essential examination details and other relevant information, sent precisely five minutes before their scheduled examinations.
Unraveling the Role of Cytochrome P450 as a Key Regulator Lantipeptide Production in Streptomyces globisporus
Authors: Kim Da-Ran , Lee Su In , Kwak Youn-Sig
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the regulation of lantipeptide production in Streptomyces globisporus SP6C4, which produces the novel antifungal lantipeptides conprimycin and grisin, and to identify the role of cytochrome P450 (P450) in tis regulation. To investigate the regulation of lantipeptide production, we created gene deletion mutants, including ΔP450, ΔtsrD, ΔlanM, ΔP450ΔtsrD, and ΔP450ΔlanM. These mutants were characterized in terms of their morphology, sporulation, attachment, and antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum. The gene deletion mutants showed distinct characteristics compared to the wild-type strain. Among them, the ΔP450ΔlanM double mutant exhibited a recovery of antifungal activity against F. oxysporum, indicating that P450 plays a significant role in regulating lantipeptide production in S. globisporus SP6C4. Our findings highlight the significant role of P450 in the regulation of lantipeptide production and morphological processes in S. globisporus. The results suggest a potential link between P450-mediated metabolic pathways and the regulation of growth and secondary metabolism in SP6C4, thereby highlighting P450 as a putative target for the development of new antifungal agents.
Correlation between water pollution and the incidence of common cancers Wuyingshan community as an example
Authors: Yang Haoran
Published: December 2023

The reasons for the significant decrease in cancer incidence in the past decade among residents of Wuyingshan Community, Tianqiao District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, where the author lives, are certainly comprehensive and multifaceted. Due to time and energy constraints, this paper takes the perspective of the creation of a National Sanitary City in Jinan and the widespread use of tap water purification equipment by residents in the Wuyingshan Community, and uses the sample sampling method and comparative research method to indirectly prove the relationship between water pollution and the incidence of common cancers among residents in the Wuyingshan Community by investigating the effects of the quality of residents drinking water on residents tumors. The results of the study show that there is a positive correlation between water pollution and the incidence of common cancers, and that the creation of the National Sanitary City and its continuous management of water pollution effectively reduce the incidence of common cancers in the community, and that the residents contribute to the further purification of tap water; on the other hand, residents who do not pay attention to the quality of drinking water are prone to the occurrence of common cancers. In order to sustainably reduce the level of urban water pollution and maintain drinking water quality that meets internationally accepted health standards, this paper makes several recommendations from the dimensions of water quality legislation, production and living needs, water quality monitoring, and sewage treatment.
A study on the association between dietary habits and scientific fat loss
Authors: Luo Yuechang
Published: December 2023

The prevalence of obesity and overweight has emerged as a significant public health concern on a global scale, as societies continue to progress. Consequently, the use of scientific methods for reducing body fat has become a crucial approach in mitigating associated health concerns. The dietary habits of individuals play a crucial role in weight control and have a substantial influence on the efficacy of scientific approaches to fat reduction. This study endeavors to examine the correlation between eating habits and scientific fat loss by conducting a comprehensive literature review and data analysis. Specifically, it desires to explore the interplay between food frequency, dietary surroundings, and dietary psychology, and their impact on the efficacy of scientific fat loss methods. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between dietary environment and scientific fat loss. The objective is to establish a scientific foundation and offer direction for the creation of effective and evidence-based strategies for fat reduction. By implementing more robust interventions and educational programs focused on dietary habits, it is possible to foster the cultivation of wholesome eating practices, diminish the prevalence of obesity, and enhance the general well-being of the populace.
Application of photocured hydrogels in the treatment of bone defect diseases
Authors: Liu Zeyu , Pei Jie , Lin Yi , Wang Xiaobao , Fu Kun
Published: December 2023

Photocured hydrogels are materials with great potential, offering a novel approach in the treatment of bone defects. They exhibit excellent biocompatibility, tunable degradation characteristics, and the ability to incorporate cells and growth factors. This paper explores the mechanisms and advantages of photocured hydrogel applications in the treatment of bone defects, focusing on bone formation promotion, drug-loading and antimicrobial properties, and enhancement of vascularization in the surrounding tissues. Research indicates that photocured hydrogels can serve as scaffolds, drug delivery systems, and tissue engineering materials, promoting bone cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, inhibiting bone resorption and osteolysis, fostering vascularization, and providing drug-loading antimicrobial effects. Nevertheless, the application of photocured hydrogels in the treatment of bone defect diseases faces challenges, such as long-term stability and interface adaptability. Further research and development are required to overcome these challenges, facilitating the widespread clinical use of photocured hydrogels and improving the treatment outcomes and quality of life for patients with bone defects.
The application of antisense oligonucleotides in disease treatment
Authors: Chan Lokkwan , Dai Yuanxi , Su Yijia
Published: December 2023

Scientific research in recent years has made every endeavor to combat against various untreatable diseases in neurodegenerative or genetic diseases under the guidance of constantly updated underlying gene-associated pathological mechanisms. However, substantial therapeutic challenges still remain and many original causes of diseases are under great debate. Problems of drugs for neurological disorders involve high resistance to drug molecules by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and only work efficiently in certain populations of patients, which is also a side effect of genetic malady. The introduction of Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) brings a new era for these diseases and meets the requirement. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has proven ten oligonucleotide drugs until 2020. This article reviews some of their clinical trials with mechanisms, up-to-date attempts in inventing new ASO therapy, continuous safety and efficacy in preclinical and clinical trials of proven ASO, and great potential usage for RNA virus therapy.
Vaccine development against Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Du Shangrong , Lai Ziyi , Wang Dongquan , Wang Xinqi
Published: December 2023

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) colonizes and persists in the gastric mucosa. It was the Class I carcinogenic factor, and the International Agency for Research on Cancer attributed 92% of stomach cancers to Hp, and according to data, nearly 50% of people in China are infected with Helicobacter pylori. At present, antibiotics are mainly used in clinical treatment, but with the increase of Hp resistance, antibiotics will lose their effect. The development of Hp vaccine has become a new way to prevent and control Hp infection. Components such as flagella, urease, virulence factors and outer membrane proteins involved in the process of Hp infection, colonization and reproduction, and have also become candidate antigens in the development of Hp vaccine. Specifically, study have suggested that flagellin vaccine can decrease infection rate. In the meantime, recombinant Hp antigens and dmLT were efficient for protection from the Hp infection. This article summarizes the progress of Hp vaccine research and development, hoping to provide reference for related research.
Research on factors affecting pain perception
Authors: Yu Jiayi
Published: December 2023

This research examines the factors affecting pain perception and their development with the method of literature review study. It is known that pain perception is complex in that it is not only perceived objectively, but also comes from the subjective feelings. It can be listed as an effective reaction to protect the human body which acts a way to warn human of potential dangers threatening human well-being. Thus this area of research arisen increasingly amount of researchers interests. They have devoted into the research object from different perspectives. The review is comprised of the research background, objectives, theoretical basis, basic assumptions, research methods, and conclusions, which aims to provide a more comprehensive research overview. The main innovative points and the significance of the study to the research field and practice are also highlighted. This study aims to contribute to a better understanding of pain perception and its influencing factors, providing insights for both theoretical research and practical applications.
Extracellular EDPs at high concentrations participate in neuronal cytoskeleton assembly and AD etiology
Authors: Weng Zihan
Published: December 2023

Elastin in the Extracellular Matrix provides tissues with flexibility and degrades over time to release biologically active Elastin-Derived Peptides (EDPs). EDPs have recently been discovered to potentially mediate pathological conditions of Alzheimers Disease (AD). However, few studies have shown the regulation of EDPs on the neuronal function during ADprogression. Firstly, a meta-analysis on 11 related studies was conducted to pre-verify the hypothesis and to reduce experimental bias. After that, experiments on a mouse hippocampal cell-line (HT22) were set to test for both cell vitality and morphology after exposure to EDPs at different concentrations (0.0001 M-50 M) and durations (0-48 h). Cell vitality was assessed quantitatively using a cell counting kit and cell morphology assessed qualitatively using phalloidin staining on actin filaments. A rescue experiment was also set to discover potential ways of mitigating the effects of EDPs on cytoskeleton assembly. Data here showed statistically significant effects of EDPs on impacting cell vitality negatively at higher concentrations (>0.1 M) and longer durations (48 h). Cell morphology after EDPs incubation was also impacted with less F-actin stress fibers, which are essential for effective neuronal transmissions. Lastly, rescue experiments using galactose was found to considerably reduce the effects of EDPs on cell morphology. It was concluded that EDPs does negatively impact cell vitality and morphology of neurons. Given the cytoskeleton structures and assembly are important for neuronal function, the data indicated a pathological role of EDPs on the progression of AD.