bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Feminist Manifesto as a Compilation of Her Major Topics
Authors: Fazakas Edit
Published: November 2023

Her award-winning novels and thought-provoking TED talks propelled the Nigerian writer Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie into the public consciousness and sparked a worldwide discourse about feminism in the late 2010s. Adichie uses her work to empower women all around the world to dismantle gender constructs, stereotypes, and sexualities designed to enslave women in society. Several researchers have successfully construed common motifs in her fiction. This paper draws on recent studies undertaken by Moffat Sebola, who affirms that Adichie’s Dear Ijeawele, or A Feminist Manifesto in Fifteen Suggestions (2017) is not only a list of proposals; with closer examination, the manifesto reveals the recurring themes throughout Adichie’s writing. Furthermore, for analytical convenience, Moffat Sebola (2022) selects only seven of Adichie’s fifteen suggestions, identifies the elements that reflect her authorial perspective, and utilizes them as filters in analysing the author’s novels. The main objective of this study has been the presentation of the elements of Adichie’s fiction in all fifteen manifesto statements. In order to achieve this objective, themes of womanhood, femininity, love, history, culture, gender equality, and otherness are discussed in separate sections with examples from her novels. The first section of the paper provides a brief overview of African feminist fiction within which the work of this third-generation Nigerian writer is embedded.
The Software Interface of a Hybrid FES and Mechatronic Exoskeleton System for Hand Rehabilitation in Stroke People
Authors: Ionaşcu Radu , Poboroniuc Marian-Silviu
Published: November 2023

This paper introduces novel contributions to the field of hand rehabilitation systems designed for stroke patients. The primary objective is to enhance voluntary movements in the paralyzed upper limbs, with a particular focus on hand functionality. The system, known as MANUTEX, comprises two main components: functional electrical stimulation (FES) implemented through a textile glove with embedded electrodes, connected to a programmable neurostimulator, and a mechatronic exoskeleton resembling a glove, powered by individual linear motors for each finger. These linear motors are controlled by a programmable microcontroller on a central board. MANUTEX delivers mirror therapy, a therapeutic approach requiring a sensory glove attached to the healthy hand. This sensory glove provides reference movements for the hybrid system located on the affected, impaired hand. An application installed on a computer serves as the control interface for the entire system. It reads movement data from the healthy hand and concurrently sends commands to both the FES and mechatronic exoskeleton glove, ensuring a balanced and synchronized therapeutic experience for the patient.
An Experimental Setup for Power Loss Measurement up to 1 kHz using an Epstein Frame at CMI
Authors: Ulvr Michal
Published: November 2023

This paper describes an experimental setup used at the Czech Metrology Institute (CMI) to measure the specific power loss of oriented and non-oriented electrical steel sheets up to 1 kHz using an Epstein frame. Special attention is given to a) a description of the hardware that is used, b) a description of the feedback control and measurement software, and c) an analysis of the sources of uncertainty and validation. Calibration expanded uncertainty of (0.5 up to 1.6)% for k = 2 can be achieved with this setup.
GENOTOXIC AND CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF NITRIC OXIDE DONORS: DNIC WITH MERCAPTOSUCCINATE, NITROSOMERCAPTOSUCCINATE; AND A DONOR OF NITROSONIUM — NA-NITROPRUSSIDE CATIONS ON MCF-7 CELLS
Authors:   Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics RAS, Moscow, Trifonova N.E. , Nekrasova E.I. , Tronov V.A. ,   Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Moscow
Published: November 2023

Nitrosonium cations (NO+ ) are short-lived, so we hypothesized that they cause double-strand (DS) DNA breaks in the early stages of incubation of the NO+ donor with cells. By MTT-test and DNA-comet, methods on human breast cancer cells MCF-7 has been shown that the donor NO+ sodium nitroprusside leads to rapid cyto- and genotoxic effects before the start of reparative processes in the cells. The MTT-test showed the involvement of the NER repair mechanism in the occurrence of DS and a possible contribution to the genotoxic effect of NO+ .
TISSUE ENGINEERING AS A TOOL FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF POTENTIAL THERAPIES FOR THE PROCESSES OF ARRHYTHMIAS
Authors:   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Tsvelaya V.A. , Slotvitsky M.M. , Aitova A.A. , Romanova S.A. , Agladze K.I. ,   Almetyevsk State Oil Institute,   Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute
Published: November 2023

At the moment, there is a lot of controversy about the dependence of cardiovascular diseases on the phenotype of heart cells obtained at the stage of heart formation and during its development throughout the life of the patient. One of the tasks of modern medicine, therefore, can be considered a comparison of factors leading to a pathological phenotype, depending on the genotype and regardless of it. This work is a study of the formation of cardiac tissue and the electrophysiological properties of cardiomyocytes under various conditions that determine the phenotypic manifestations of functional differences in cardiomyocytes during the maturation of cardiac tissue in vitro.
Bioequivalence assessment of two formulations of empagliflozin in healthy adult subjects
Authors: Pena Evelyn , Inatti Alfredo , Taly Anyoli , Chacón José Gregorio , Serrano-Martin Xenon
Published: November 2023

Objective:

The objective of the study was to evaluate the bioequivalence (BE) between Izaban® (test) and Jardiance® (reference) empagliflozin 25 mg, oral tablets, in healthy adult subjects.

Materials and Methods:

A randomized, open-label, two-sequence, and two-period crossover comparative oral bioavailability study was conducted on healthy adult subjects. It was tested BE in vivo using a comparative pharmacokinetic (PK) evaluation. Serial blood samples were collected up to 72 h following oral administration of the study drugs, plasma concentrations of empagliflozin were using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) method.

Results:

The test and reference drug products were considered bioequivalent when the geometric means of the test (T)/reference (R) ratios and 90% confidence intervals (CIs) fall within the range of 80.00–125.00%. For PK parameters, % T/R ratios and 90% CIs were Cmax: 105.11% (100.28–110.18%), area under curve (AUC0-t): 103.25% (99.62–107.00%), and AUC0-∞ 102.71% (99.26–106.28%).

Conclusion:

Our study demonstrated in vivo BE between the two empagliflozin formulations tested in healthy subjects under fasting conditions.
Serum Adenosine Deaminase Levels in Tubercular Lymphadenitis: Correlation and Cutoff
Authors: Gogoi Sudarsana , Ahmad Sharique , Tandon Nishi , Zehra Andleeb , Irfan Sumaiya , Zaidi Noorin , Lal Nirupma
Published: November 2023

Objectives:

Tubercular lymphadenitis accounts for the large majority of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. The available means for their diagnosis are often time-consuming, tedious, and costly. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) level estimation in body fluids has emerged as a popular method of diagnosing tuberculous infection. Very few studies have examined serum ADA levels in TB lymphadenitis and fewer such studies have used controls. The objective of the present study was to find any correlation between serum ADA and fine-needle aspiration cytology-confirmed tubercular lymphadenitis and, if a correlation existed, whether there existed any diagnostic cutoff for clinical utility.

Material and Methods:

This prospective study was done over 2 years. The patients were grouped into tubercular lymphadenitis (group 1, cases) and non-tubercular lymphadenitis (group 2, controls). Serum ADA level was estimated using the spectrophotometric method. Statistical methods were employed to examine the intergroup differences in serum ADA levels. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to assess the overall accuracy and corresponding diagnostic accuracy at different cutoff values of serum ADA.

Results:

Tubercular lymphadenitis (Group I) has a strong female predilection (M: F = 0.56:1, P = 0.017), a significantly late clinical presentation (P = 0.002), and a significantly higher incidence of cervical lymph node involvement (P = 0.019). A positive treatment history was significantly and more commonly found in patients of group 1 (P < 0.001) than patients of group 2. The mean serum ADA level was 43.14 IU/L. A significantly higher serum ADA level was detected in group 1 patients than in group 2 (56.81 ± 12.42 vs. 32.07 ± 6.84, P < 0.001). On ROC, the area under the curve was 97.2%, indicating a very good discriminating capability of serum ADA levels between groups 1 and 2. A cutoff value of 41.90 IU/L had the best sensitivity and specificity (93.15% and 92.1%, respectively) for detecting a tubercular etiology.

Conclusion:

Serum ADA level of 41.90 U/L can differentiate tubercular from non-tubercular lymphadenitis with a very high sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, serum ADA estimation can facilitate an early clinical diagnosis and institution of treatment.
IMPROVING THE PROCEDURE OF APPLYING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR CUSTOMS CONTROL OF GOODS
Authors: Гокинаева И.А.
Published: November 2023

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с совершенствованием таможенного контроля при внедрении в деятельность таможенных органов информационных технологий, эффективное применение которых способствует повышению автоматизации совершения таможенных операций и результативности выполнения поставленных задач. Вследствие этого в ближайшее десятилетие основными мероприятиями, направленными на развитие Федеральной таможенной службы России, будут являться цифровая трансформация используемых информационных технологий таможенного контроля товаров, а также повышение эффективности применения технологий, обеспечивающих как автоматическое, так и автоматизированное совершение таможенных операций в процессе таможенного контроля.

We look at the issues related to the improvement of customs control due to the introduction of information technologies into the activities of customs authorities. The effective use of the technologies in question contributes to the automation of the customs operations as well as better performance. Thus, in the next decade, the main measures aimed at the development of the Federal Customs Service of Russia will involve the digital transformation of the information technologies applied for the customs control of goods, as well as the improvement of the efficiency of technologies ensuring both automatic and automated customs control operations.
On Provision of Municipal Formations with Related Infrastructure to Attract Citizens to Physical Culture and Sports
Authors: Иванов С.А. , Минина В.Н.
Published: November 2023

В статье рассматриваются вопросы обеспечения муниципальных образований объектами спортивной инфраструктуры в контексте реализации национальной цели развития Российской Федерации «Сохранение населения, здоровье и благополучие людей». Приводятся данные о расходах консолидированного бюджета Российской Федерации и бюджетов государственных внебюджетных фондов на развитие физической культуры и спорта в разрезе федеральных округов. Показаны результаты экспертных оценок фактической обеспеченности муниципальных образований инфраструктурными объектами для занятий населения физической культурой и спортом.

The article focuses on provision of municipalities with sports infrastructure in the context of implementation of a national objective of the development of the Russian Federation «Maintenance of Population, Health and Well-being of People». The study provides data on expenditures of consolidated budget of the Russian Federation and the budgets of public non-budgetary funds for the development of physical culture and sports in federal regions. The paper furthermore shows results of the expert assessment of the supply of municipal formations with infrastructural facilities for encouraging the population to go in for physical culture and sports.
Inevitable Transformations of Interaction of Governmental Bodies and Business under Sanctions
Authors: Афанасьева Н.В. , Еникеева Л.А.
Published: November 2023

В статье обоснована неизбежность трансформации взаимодействия органов власти и бизнеса в условиях санкционных ограничений. Санкции следует рассматривать как фактор ускорения развития механизма государственно-частного партнерства и доступа к инвестициям в регионах. Авторы определяют необходимость тесной взаимосвязи развития экономики регионов с развитием инновационной сферы и налаживание трехстороннего взаимодействия по принципу власть–бизнес–население.

We substantiate the inevitability of the transformation of the interaction of governmental bodies and business under sanctions. The sanctions should be seen as a factor of speeding up the development of the mechanism of state-private partnership and access to the investment in regions. We state the need to relate regional economic development to the development of innovations and arranging trilateral cooperation of the government, business and population.
PITFALLS OF CONTRACT SYSTEM: CUSTOMER’S VIEW
Authors: Коломенский Г.А. , Османов Г.В. , Иваниско А.Г.
Published: November 2023

В статье проанализированы некоторые проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются заказчики при осуществлении государственных и муниципальных закупок. Проанализировано влияние соотношения «цена – качество» на результативность и эффективность закупок. Авторами предложены минимальные требования к системе оценки эффективности закупок, а также меры, направленные на повышение эффективности и результативности закупок.

We analyze certain problems that customers face during state and municipal procurement activities. We analyze how “value for money” concept affects the procurement effectiveness and efficiency. We suggest introducing minimal requirements to the system of assessing procurement effectiveness as well measures aimed at increasing procurement effectiveness and efficiency.
ON MEASURES OF SUPPORT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESS IN MUNICIPAL UNITS OF LENINGRAD REGION
Authors: Спицын А.С. , Якимчук Н.Н.
Published: November 2023

В статье проводится анализ развития малого и среднего предпринимательства на территории муниципальных образований Ленинградской области. Авторами исследована система мер государственной и муниципальной поддержки малого и среднего бизнеса в муниципальных образованиях региона на примере Кировского муниципального района, представлены приоритетные направления деятельности органов местного самоуправления в данном секторе экономики. Проведенный анализ позволил выявить ключевые проблемы развития и поддержки малого и среднего предпринимательства и обозначить возможные пути их решения.

We carry out the analysis of small and medium-sized business in the municipal units of Leningrad region. We study the system of measures of government and municipal support of small and medium-sized business in the municipal units of the region by the examples of Kirovsk municipal district. The priorities of local self-government in the sector in question are presented. The analysis revealed certain key problems of the development and support of small and medium-sized business. Possible ways to solve them are suggested.
Role of consulting services in creating organizational and economic mechanism for new professions market development in Russia
Authors: Васина Е.В. , Куликов А.В.
Published: November 2023

Целью статьи является разработка определённого организационно-экономического механизма, посредством реализации которого рынок консалтинговых услуг и те предпринимательские структуры, которые уже успешно функционируют, могут вступать в эффективное взаимодействие с основными субъектами современного рынка труда для решения ключевых проблем, связанных с появлением и распространением новых профессий. В статье подробно определены и охарактеризованы перспективные направления формирования организационно-экономического механизма развития рынка новых профессий в России.

The research is aimed at developing a specific organizational and economic mechanism to enable the consulting services market and currently operating business structures to interact effectively with the main subjects of the modern labor market to solve the key problems arising from the emergence and spread of new professions. We define and characterize in detail the promising directions for creating an organizational and economic mechanism for the development of the new professions market in Russia.
IMPLEMENTATION OF SYSTEM of ENTREPRENEURIAL RISKS MANAGEMENT AND ASSESSMENT AT CARGO TRANSPORTATION SMALL BUSINESSES
Authors: Анцибор И.А. , Иванова Н.В. , Осипова Н.И.
Published: November 2023

В статье рассмотрены сущность предпринимательских рисков на предприятиях малого бизнеса в сфере грузоперевозок и методы их снижения. Даны рекомендации по внедрению и использованию цифровых продуктов в деятельности предприятий малого бизнеса. Рассмотрены перспективы создания экосистемы транспортного комплекса по всем видам грузоперевозок.

We look at the essence of entrepreneurial risks at small businesses in cargo transportation as well as at methods of decreasing them. We offer recommendations concerning the introduction and use of digital products in small business. The prospects of creating an ecosystem of the transport complex for all types of cargo transportation are considered.
HISTORICAL INSIGHT Into Formation and Development of Norms of Civil Law on Real Estate in the Russian Federation
Authors: Гольцов В.Б. , Голованов Н.М.
Published: November 2023

В статье исследуются вопросы об исторических аспектах использования в гражданском законодательстве России термина «недвижимость» и изменениях его содержания на протяжении последней трехсотлетней законодательной практики, а также взгляды российских правоведов на сущностные признаки объектов недвижимого имущества. Показано современное видение категории недвижимости российским законодателем, разделение ее на недвижимые вещи по естественным свойствам и по закону. Проанализированы критерии, согласно которым объекты недвижимости подразделяются на виды. Рассмотрены особенности отнесения к недвижимости вещей в ведущих государствах Западной Европы, входящих, как и Россия, в романо-германскую правовую семью, а также в Великобритании и США, относящихся к англосаксонской правовой семье. Сформулированы предложения о внесении коррективов в законодательство, регламентирующее основания отнесения вещей к объектам недвижимости.

The article examines historical aspects of the use of "real estate" term in the civil legislation of Russia along with changes in its content taken place during the last three centuries of legislative practice. The paper also focuses on the views of Russian legal scholars related to the essential features of real estate objects. The modern Russian legislator’s vision of real estate category is shown with the division thereof into immovable things as per its natural characteristics and according to the law. The criteria by which real estate objects are divided into types are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to specific features of attribution of things to real estate in the leading states of Western Europe, as Russia alike belonging to the Romano-German legal family, as well as in the UK and the USA, belonging to the Anglo-Saxon legal family, are considered. Proposals are being made to adjust the legislation regulating the grounds for classifying things as real estate objects.
Real adsorbed solution theory model for the adsorption of CO2 from humid gas on CALF-20
Authors: Kaur Harnoor , Marshall Bennett
Published: November 2023

CALF-20 is a metal organic framework which acts as a physical adsorbent for CO2. A potential benefit of CALF-20 over more traditional zeolite physical adsorbents is that CALF-20 exhibits a strong Type I adsorption behavior for CO2, while water exhibits S shaped Type V adsorption. As a result, CALF-20 maintains most of its CO2 capacity for up to 50% relative humidity modelling and predicting the multi-component adsorption of water and CO2 on CALF-20 is a prerequisite for accurate process modeling. In this work a real adsorbed solution theory (RAST) model is developed to predict the non-ideal multi-component adsorption in H2O – CO2 – N2 gas mixtures. We demonstrate that RAST can accurately represent the non-ideal adsorption. The RAST model is then applied to predict the adsorption from ternary mixtures of water, nitrogen, and CO2. It is shown that co-adsorption of water has a more negative effect on CO2 adsorption at lower partial pressures of CO2. This fact has significant implications on adsorption process design for low pressure flue gas sources such as coal boiler and natural gas combined cycle flue gas.
A Genetic Optimization Strategy with Generality in Asymmetric Organocatalysis as Primary Target
Authors: Gallarati Simone , van Gerwen Puck , Laplaza Ruben , Brey Lucien , Makaveev Alexander , Corminboeuf Clemence
Published: November 2023

A catalyst possessing a broad substrate scope, in terms of both turnover and enantioselectivity, is sometimes called “general”. Despite their great utility in asymmetric synthesis, truly general catalysts are difficult or expensive to discover via traditional high-throughput screening and are, therefore, rare. Existing computational tools accelerate the evaluation of reaction conditions from a pre-defined set of experiments to identify the most general ones, but cannot generate entirely new catalysts with enhanced substrate breadth. For these reasons, we report an inverse design strategy based on the open-source genetic algorithm NaviCatGA and on the OSCAR database of organocatalysts to simultaneously probe the catalyst and substrate scope and optimize generality as primary target. We apply this strategy to the Pictet–Spengler condensation, for which we curate a database of 820 reactions, used to train statistical models of selectivity and activity. Starting from OSCAR, we define a combinatorial space of millions of catalyst possibilities, and perform evolutionary experiments on a diverse substrate scope that is representative of the whole chemical space of tetrahydro-β-carboline products. While privileged catalysts emerge, we show how genetic optimization can address the broader question of generality in asymmetric synthesis, extracting structure–performance relationships from the challenging areas of chemical space.
Flavin-N5OOH: A powerful nucleophile and base in nature
Authors: Zhang Qiaoyu , Chen Qianqian , Shaik Sason , Wang Binju
Published: November 2023

Flavoenzymes can mediate a large variety of oxidation reactions via the activation of oxygen. As such, the chemistry of flavoenzymes is an important field that has not yet attained its full scope/recognition. Normally, the O2 activation occurs at the C4a site of the flavin cofactor, yielding the flavin C4a-(hydro)hydroperoxyl species in monooxygenases or oxidases. Using extensive MD simulations, QM/MM calculations and QM calculations, our studies reveal the formation of the common nucleophilic species, flavin-N5OOH, in two distinct flavoenzymes (RutA and EncM). Our studies show that flavin-N5OOH acts as a powerful nucleophile that promotes C–N cleavage of uracil in RutA, and a powerful base in the deprotonation of substrates in EncM. We reason that flavin-N5OOH can be a common reactive species in the superfamily of flavoenzymes, which accomplishes the generally selective general base catalysis, and the C–X (X= N, S, Cl, O) cleavage reactions that are otherwise challenging by solvated hydroxide ion base. These results expand our understanding of the chemistry and catalysis of flavoenzymes.
Discovering high entropy alloy electrocatalysts in vast composition spaces with multi-objective optimization
Authors: Xu Wenbin , Diesen Elias , He Tianwei , Reuter Karsten , Margraf Johannes T.
Published: November 2023

High entropy alloys (HEAs) are a highly promising class of materials for electrocatalysis, as their unique active site distributions break the scaling relations that limit the activity of conventional transition metal catalysts. Existing Bayesian optimization (BO) based virtual screening approaches focus on catalytic activity as sole objective and correspondingly tend to identify promising materials that are unlikely to be entropically stabilized. Here, we overcome this limitation with a multi-objective BO framework for HEAs that simultaneously targets activity, cost-effectiveness and entropic stabilization. With a diversity-guided batch selection further boosting the data efficiency, the framework readily identifies numerous promising candidates for the oxygen reduction reaction that strike the balance between all three objectives in hitherto unchartered HEA design spaces comprising up to ten elements.
iSIM: Instant Similarity
Authors: Lopez Perez Kenneth , Kim Taewon , Miranda-Quintana Ramon
Published: November 2023

The quantification of molecular similarity has been present since the beginning of cheminformatics. Although several similarity indices and molecular representations have been reported, all of them ultimately reduce to the calculation of molecular similarities of only two objects at a time. Hence, to get the average similarity of a set of molecules, all the pairwise comparisons need to be computed, which demands a quadratic scaling in the number of computational resources. Here we propose an exact alternative to this problem: iSIM (Instant Similarity). iSIM performs comparisons of multiple molecules at the same time and yields the same value as the average pairwise comparisons of molecules represented with binary fingerprints and real-value descriptors. In this work, we introduce the mathematical framework and several applications of iSIM in chemical sampling, visualization, diversity selection, and clustering.
Materials Genes of CO2 Hydrogenation on Supported Cobalt Catalysts: an AI Approach Integrating Theoretical and Experimental Data
Authors: Miyazaki Ray , S. Belthle Kendra , Tüysüz Harun , Foppa Lucas , Scheffler Matthias
Published: November 2023

Designing materials for catalysis is challenging because the performance is governed by an intricate interplay of various multi-scale phenomena, such as chemical reactions on surfaces and the materials’ restructuring during the catalytic process. In the case of supported catalysts, the role of the support material can be also crucial. Here, we address this intricacy challenge by a symbolic-regression artificial-intelligence approach. We identify the key physicochemical parameters correlated with the measured performance, out of many offered candidate parameters characterizing the material, reaction environment, and possibly relevant underlying phenomena. Importantly, these parameters are obtained by both experiments and ab initio simulations. The identified key parameters might be called “materials genes”, in analogy of genes in biology: they correlate with the property or function of interest, but the explicit physical relationship is not (necessarily) known. To demonstrate the approach, we investigate CO2 hydrogenation to CH3OH catalyzed by cobalt nanoparticles supported on silica. Crucially, the silica support is modified with the additive metals magnesium, calcium, titanium, aluminum, and zirconium, which results in six materials with significantly different performances. These systems mimic hydrothermal vents, which might have produced the first organic molecules on Earth. The key parameters correlated with the CH3OH selectivity reflect the reducibility of cobalt species, adsorption strength of reaction intermediates, and the chemical nature of the additive metal. By using SISSO model trained on elemental properties of the additive metals (e.g., ionization potential), new additives are suggested. The predicted CH3OH selectivity of catalysts with vanadium and zinc was confirmed by new experiments.
THE RELEVANCE OF SKOVORODA'S ETHICAL PRINCIPLES: SKOVORODA'S DISCUSSION OF REAL HAPPINESS
Authors: Lumer Christoph
Published: November 2023

The article analyzes the ethical work of H. Skovoroda's "A Conversation Among Five Travelers Concerning Life's True Happiness" from the standpoint of systematic analytical philosophy. Skovoroda's innovative arguments are defined, in particular regarding the criticism of materialistic hedonism. The significant stylistic difference between the philosophical and theological parts of Skovoroda's text is emphasized. The peculiarities of his philosophical arguments and dogmatic preaching of Christian eudaimonism are highlighted.
The policy worker and the professor: Understanding how New Zealand policy workers utilise academic research
Authors: Löfgren Karl , Cavagnoli Donatella
Published: November 2023

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President’s report 2014/15
Authors: Gaston Nicola
Published: November 2023

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Living on Shaky Ground: The science and story behind New Zealand’s earthquakes
Authors: Campbell Hamish
Published: November 2023

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The New Zealand Association of Scientists Awards for 2015
Authors: Editors
Published: November 2023

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Can physicians and schools mitigate social inequalities in human papillomavirus vaccine awareness, uptake and vaccination intention among adolescents? A cross-sectional study, France, 2021 to 2022
Authors: Moffroid Hadrien , Doglioni Damien Oudin , Chyderiotis Sandra , Sicsic Jonathan , Barret Anne-Sophie , Raude Jocelyn , Bruel Sebastien , Gauchet Aurelie , Michel Morgane , Gagneux-Brunon Amandine , Thilly Nathalie , Mueller Judith E ,   on behalf of the PrevHPV Consortium
Published: November 2023

Background

In France, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage varies across socioeconomic levels.

Aim

We aimed at assessing HPV vaccine awareness, uptake and vaccination intention among adolescents in France.

Methods

In a cluster-randomised study, 13–15-year-old students in 61 French middle schools completed a web-based questionnaire. We used multivariable logistic regression to evaluate determinants of HPV vaccine awareness, self-reported uptake and vaccination intention among unvaccinated students and interaction terms to explore effects of visits to family physician and remembering school lessons on vaccination. The French deprivation index of school municipalities served as proxy for socioeconomic levels.

Results

Among 6,992 participants, awareness was significantly associated with parental education (odds ratio (OR) = 0.82; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71–0.95), language spoken at home (OR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.52–0.66) and deprivation level (OR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.44–0.71), regardless of physician visit or school lessons. Vaccine uptake was associated with parental education without a recent physician visit (OR = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.16–0.59, vs OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.52–0.78 with a visit, interaction p = 0.045). Vaccination intention among unvaccinated was associated with deprivation level (moderate-low vs low) among students not remembering school lessons on vaccination (OR = 0.17; 95% CI: 0.05-0.62, vs OR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.51–1.67 remembering school lessons, interaction p = 0.022). Parental education was associated with vaccination intention among students reporting a physician visit (OR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.26–0.64 vs OR = 1.05; 95% CI: 0.50–2.20 without a visit, interaction p = 0.034).

Conclusion

Our results suggest that healthcare and school could promote vaccination and mitigate social inequalities in HPV vaccination coverage.
Nuevos movimientos sociales en tiempos de conservadurismo y austeridad:
Authors: Parcerisa Lluís , Verger Antoni
Published: November 2023

Durante la legislatura autonómica 2011-2015, el sector educativo de las Islas Balears se vio inmerso en un profundo proceso de reforma educativa que combinó la aplicación de estrictas políticas de austeridad con un ambicioso plan de reforma del modelo lingüístico. Como resultado de estas reformas surgieron nuevos actores colectivos y redes de acción conflictiva, y estalló un conflicto sin precedentes en el campo educativo balear, que culminó con la convocatoria de un paro indefinido. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la trayectoria y las razones que explican el éxito de la movilización social contra estas reformas educativas. A nivel teórico, la investigación se basa en el enfoque de proceso político, que integra factores estructurales e ideacionales. Metodológicamente, el estudio de caso sigue el método de process-tracing y se basa en 20 entrevistas semiestructuradas con actores clave y análisis de documentos. Los hallazgos muestran que la construcción de puentes entre diferentes marcos de significado, junto con la combinación de repertorios de acción colectiva de distinta naturaleza, son claves a la hora de comprender el éxito del movimiento social analizado.
Gangguan Ansietas pada Penderita Hipetiroid
Authors: Zulaikha Afrina , Siregar Chataya Syah Dhafa
Published: November 2023

Ansietas diartikan sebagai rasa takut, terhadap objek yang bersifat nyata ataupun tidak ditandai dengan bentuk emosi tidak menyenangkan, kekhawatiran, keprihatinan, mudah tersinggung, tidak tenang, dan gangguan tidur. Penyebab ansietas ialah terjadinya kesalahan pada neurotransmiter yang berperan dalam mekanisme gangguan ansietas seperti norepinefrin, serotonin, dopamin, dan asam gamma-aminobutirat (GABA) yang berfungsi dalam respons tubuh terhadap stres. Salah satu etiologi dari ansietas adalah dipengaruhi oleh gangguan medis umum. Ternyata banyak gangguan medis umum yang dikaitkan dengan ansietas. Gejala yang timbul seperti gemetar, berkeringat, jantung berdebar, kepala terasa pusing, ketegangan otot, mual, sulit bernafas, baal, diare, gelisah, kekhawatiran, dan panik. Hal ini disebabkan efek fisiologis langsung secara medis. Gangguan medis umum yang sering dikaitkan dengan ansietas salah satunya adalah hipertiroid.  Penelitian yang dilakukan pada pasien hipertiroid menunjukkan 41.67% dari subjek mengalami kecemasan dengan gejala insomnia, mudah tersinggung, merasa sedih, dan merasa tidak tenang. Hubungan gangguan ansietas pada penderita hipertiroid terjadi akibat gangguan sintesis hormon tiroid yang berlebihan sehingga menurunnya fungsi neurotransmiter GABA yang berperan dalam menekan terjadinya kecemasan. Sehingga ketika gangguan medis umum dikombinasikan dengan gangguan kecemasan, maka akan berdampak menimbulkan morbiditas dan mortalitas yang lebih besar.
Leukokoria Okuli Sinistra Ec Suspek Retinoblastoma pada Bayi Usia 54 Hari
Authors: Faizah Siti , Imelda Eva , Samira Cut Putri
Published: November 2023

Retinoblastoma (RB) adalah tumor ganas primer pada bola mata yang paling sering terjadi pada anak. Frekuensi terjadinya RB 1:14.000-20.000 kelahiran hidup, berbeda di setiap negara. Dilaporkan angka kejadian tumor RB di negara maju lebih rendah dibandingkan di negara berkembang. Tidak ditemukan predileksi pada jenis kelamin maupun ras, dan diagnosis RB 90% pada usia < 3 tahun. Umur rata-rata terkena RB tergantung pada riwayat RB di keluarga dan sisi yang terkena. Paien seorang bayi laki-laki  berusia 54 hari datang dibawa oleh kedua orang tuanya ke poli klinik Mata RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin dengan keluhan utama tampak bintik putih pada mata kiri. Menurut keterangan orang tua pasien, bintik putih pada mata kiri tersebut baru disadari oleh kedua orang tuanya pada saat pasien berumur 15 hari setelah lahir dan terlihat bersinar seperti mata kucing bila terkena cahaya. Pada pasien ini didapatkan pemeriksaan oculi sinistra, blink reflex (+), leukokoria (+), diameter pupil 5 mm (+), tidak respon terhadap refleks cahaya. Pada pemeriksaan B Scan USG mata kiri tampak adanya kalsifikasi di vitreus (+). Secara umum belum ada terapi definitif untuk menangani retinoblastoma, dikarenakan sifat dari penyakit ini yang sangat kompleks dan biasanya diperlukan berbagai kombinasi terapi untuk mendapatkan hasil yang baik.Deteksi dini yang dilanjutkan dengan penanganan yang cepat dan tepat dapat mengurangi mortalitas serta memperbaiki harapan hidup anak penderita retinoblastoma.
Az exportpromóció nemzetközi szabályozása és jógyakorlatai a vállalkozások nemzetközi értékláncokba való bekapcsolódásába
Authors: Galambos Judit , Andrási Gábor
Published: November 2023

A Világkereskedelmi Szervezet (World Trade Organisation, WTO) Támogatásokról és Kiegyenlítő Intézkedésekről szóló 1995. évi nemzetközi egyezménye meghatározza az exportpromóciós eszközrendszer elemeit. Ezek esetében azonban kihívást jelent a vállalat fejlődésére és nemzetközi piacra lépésére gyakorolt hatásuk közvetlen mérése, mivel számos exportpromóciós akció áttételes, hosszú távú hatást gyakorol, és azt, hogy a vállalat nemzetközi piacra lépése végül sikeres lesz-e, számos egyéb külső gazdasági tényező is befolyásolja. Szekunder források alapján arra keressük a választ, hogy a vizsgált országok exportpromóciós megoldásai esetében kimutatható-e az összefüggés az exportpromóciós programok és a vállalatok teljesítménye között. A vizsgált országok vonatkozásában megnevezzük a releváns, jógyakorlatként használható exportpromóciós megoldásokat.
Pengaruh Kualitas Sistem, Kualitas Informasi, dan Persepsi Keamanan terhadap Kepuasan Pengguna Aplikasi E-Commerce
Authors: Tanaya Alicia , Setiawan Amelia , Wirawan Samuel , Djajadikerta Hamfri
Published: November 2023

Hadirnya pandemi COVID-19 telah mengakibatkan perubahan kebiasaan berbelanja masyarakat. Hal ini tercermin dari peningkatan jumlah kunjungan ke aplikasi e-commerce. Namun, tingkat loyalitas pengguna e-commerce cenderung rendah. Oleh karena itu, kepuasan pengguna menjadi sangat penting untuk meningkatkan loyalitas mereka terhadap aplikasi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas sistem, kualitas informasi, dan persepsi keamanan terhadap kepuasan pengguna aplikasi e-commerce. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan 130 data responden melalui Google Form. Teknik pengolahan dan analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji hipotesis dan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kualitas sistem dan persepsi keamanan secara parsial berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pengguna aplikasi e-commerce, sedangkan pengaruh kualitas informasi tidak berpengaruh secara statistik terhadap kepuasan pengguna aplikasi e-commerce. Secara simultan, kualitas sistem, kualitas informasi, dan persepsi keamanan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pengguna aplikasi e-commerce.
Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of toxin proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis isolated from soil at the Liwa Botanical Garden
Authors: Kusuma Handayani  , Muhammad Rian Hidayat  , Wawan Abdullah Setiawan  , Mohamad Kanedi
Published: November 2023

Bacillus thuringiensis is a spore-forming bacterium known to have the ability to synthesize proteins that are toxic against insect pests. Currently, the bacterial protein toxins are widely used as pesticides because they are environmentally friendly and safe for health. As a cosmopolitan microbe B. thuringiensis is widely distributed in nature with soil as its main habitat. Liwa Botanical Gardens is one among the conservation areas in Lampung Province of Indonesia where the soil type and conditions expected to good for the bacterial life of B. thuringiensis. This study aims to determine toxin proteins extracted from B. thuringiensis isolated from the soil of the Liwa Botanical Garden by their molecular weights. The proteins were quantified using Lowry method and the protein profiling performed using SDS PAGE electrophoresis. The results showed that there were two isolates, Bt 3 and Bt 5 which showed close protein concentrations, namely 0.679 mg/ml and Bt 5 with 1.313 mg/ml respectively. Both isolates also exhibit different molecular weights. Bt 3 isolate has a molecular weight of 110.59 kDa, while Bt 5 has a molecular weight of 76.97 kDa.
Engineering contract of construction industry (Subcontract) in Libya
Authors: Ibrahim Mousbah Mansour Ateeg  , Khaled Omar Mohamed Oraibi  , Mohamed Ahmed Ahbil AL Dlouly  , Nouradeen Ramadan Saleh Alameen
Published: November 2023

There is an ever-growing body of literature related to construction contracts, administration, claims and disputes. Much of this is contextualized from the owner-general-contractor relationship perspective. Despite the prevalent engagement of subcontracting, approximately 80% of the work is done by subcontractors; the treatment of distinctively sub-contractual issues in such literature is relatively limited. Any special focus on subcontracts is often written with, "us against them" overtones, emphasizing the perspective of either the subcontractor or the general contractor. The hypothesis of this research centered upon Subcontracting being essential and necessary in the construction sector irrespective of building project complexity, and subcontracting is exposed to substantial risks, therefore, it being imperative to understand means and methods of regulation of subcontractor selecting to limit risk. Publications from a variety of research and sources were reviewed concerning the subcontractor's role, procedures, types, and relationships, administration of subcontractors and subcontracting work and risks in selecting subcontractors. Subsequently, what is presented in the findings is the necessity of subcontractor selection and its impact on the cost, duration and quality of construction projects and the associated risks of subcontracting. A comparative aspect is presented evaluating the Libyan Contractual Conditions relative to Subcontracting Work and the shortage in the items that concern the subcontracting work. Furthermore, the research has also sought to identify and provide the main contractor with an effective instrument of selecting his subcontractors.
Different basal source of energy as alternative to Maize (Zea mays) in Turkey diet
Authors: Patience Abidemi Omololu  , Victor Olusola Omololu  , Ayosunkanmi Temitope Ogunrinde  , David Daisi Ajayi
Published: November 2023

Maize is a major source of energy in the diet of turkey. Increase in the cost of maize has been a major challenge to poultry farmers. Therefore, there is need to explore available and cheaper alternatives. A twenty-four weeks trial was conducted to investigate the effect of using different source of energy in turkey’s diets as alternative for maize on the growth performance and lipid profile. Four diets for both starter and finisher phase were used, control diet (maize as the energy source), sweet potato (SP), guinea corn (GC) and cassava (CA). 30-day-old-poults were randomly allocated into 4pens with at least 7poults per pen. Lipid profile, weekly body weight, daily feed intake, final weight gain and feed conversion ratio were recorded. The result revealed no significant difference in the final body weight of turkey when SP was used as alternative to maize at starter phase. At the finisher phase, there was a numerical increase in the final weight of turkeys fed SP diet when compared to GC and CA diet. No significant difference in the FCR was observed when SP and CA were used as alternative to maize. The total cholesterol (TC) value was not significant when SP was used as alternative to maize but there was a significant increase in TC value when CA and GC were used as alternative to maize. It can be concluded that sweet potato can be used as an alternative to maize without adverse effects on performance of turkey and its lipid profile.
PENGARUH MODIFIKASI KEMUDI PLAT MENJADI KEMUDI NACA 0010 PADA KM. HARAPAN MUJUR 04
Authors: Ruju La Ode , De Fretes Eliza R. , Latuhihin G. R.
Published: November 2023

KM. Harapan Mujur 04 dalam pengoperasiannya memiliki tactical diameter yang sangat besar yang menimbulkan kesulitan olah gerak pada daerah yang padat transportasinya, sehingga pemilik ingin memodifikasi kemudi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan perbandingan kemampuan olah gerak kapal dengan berpatokan pada Turning Circle Test. Melalu uji coba di Towing tank Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pattimura dengan memvariasi bentuk kemudi plat dan kemudi NACA 0010. Hasil yamg diperoleh yaitu turning circle kemudi plat start kanan memperoleh nilai advance 198,99 m tactical diameter 181,08 m dan transfer 90,54 m untuk start kiri memperoleh nilai advance 198,99 m tactical diameter 181,08 m dan transfer 90,54 m. Sedangkan uji turning circle kemudi NACA 0010 memperoleh start kanan advance 151,33 m atau lebih efektif 31% dari kemudi plat, tactical diameter 107,15 m atau lebih efektif 60% dari kemudi plat dan transfer 45,08 m atau lebih efektif 50% dari kemudi plat. Sedangkan hasil uji dengan start kiri advance = 151,71 m atau lebih efektif 31%, dari kemudi plat tactical diameter = 107,36 m atau lebih efektif 60% dari kemudi plat dan transfer = 45.30 m atau lebih efektif 50% dari kemudi plat, sehingga demikian kemudi NACA 0010 lebih efisien dari kemudi plat.
ANALISIS INSUBMERSIBILITAS KAPAL RAKYAT: TINJAUAN KASUS PADA KM. SAFIRA
Authors: Daeng Parany A. M. A. , Siahainenia Reico H. , Lekatompessy Debby R.
Published: November 2023

Ruang dalam lambung kapal KM. Safira tidak memiliki Sekat Kedap Air (SKA) melintang. Apabila kapal ini mengalami kebocoran maka kapal akan tenggelam akibat air yang masuk akan menggenangi seluruh lambung dan menambah berat kapal dan mendesak keluar udara sebagai sumber daya apung. Kondisi ini menyebabkan kapal kehilangan insubmersibilitas, kemampuan bertahan pada permukaan air ketika satu atau beberapa kompartemen bocor dan kemasukan air, sebelum akhirnya tenggelam. Solusi atas permasalahan terhadap KM. Safira, yakni dengan cara menerapkan SKA melintang disepanjang kapal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan letak SKA melintang pada KM. Safira menggunakan metode Krylov. Lengan kebocoran (ℓi) melibatkan koefisien permeabilitas (μ) yang memenuhi persyaratan (ℓmax < μ). Perhitungan yang dilakukan untuk memenuhi persyaratan kedudukan SKA antara lain yaitu : menghitung luas penampang melintang, menghitung Bonjean serta menentukan garis margin, menghitung volume kebocoran (vi), menghitung volume momen statis pada tinggi sarat maksimum, menghitung integra volume, menggambar kurva panjang lengan kebocoran, menghitung koefisien permeabilitas (μ), menentukan SKA melintang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ada lima SKA melintang yang harus diaplikasikan pada KM. Safira, antara lain; SKA 01 = 1.30 m, SKA 02 = 5.49 m, SKA 03 = 11.38 m, SKA 04 = 17.25 m, SKA 05 = 21.94 m diukur dari Fore Perpendicular (FP).
ESTIMASI UMUR DAN PREDIKSI PERILAKU KELELAHAN POROS BALING-BALING KAPAL LCT ANDROS
Authors: Nuraini Nuraini , Thenu Novitha Leonora T.
Published: November 2023

Poros baling-baling kapal LCT Andros telah direkondisi setelah mengalami keausan. Teknik untuk merekondisi poros melalui tahapan pengelasan dan pembubutan pada area yang mengalami keausan. Teknik pengelasan MMA (Manual Metal Arc) dapat menimbulkan konsentrasi energi spasial yang menghasilkan input panas yang cukup besar dapat menyebabkan distorsi, pengenceran yang signifikan pada zona yang terkena panas dan secara umum terjadi degradasi bahan dasar. Dengan mempertimbangkan risiko dari teknik pengelasan, maka pihak kapal harus memikirkan risiko kegagalan kelelahan pada poros baling-baling yang sudah direkondisi. Dengan demikian kondisi poros harus dapat diprediksi setelah direkondisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi umur dan prediksi perilaku kelelahan poros baling-baling kapal LCT Andros dimana estimasi umur poros diperoleh dari perhitungan teoritis dan prediksi kelelahan melalui simulasi numerik.