bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveals metabolic changes in living cardiomyocytes after low doses of ionizing radiation
Authors: Gramatyka Michalina , Skorupa Agnieszka , Sokół Maria
Published: June 2018

Several lines of evidence indicate that exposure of heart to ionizing radiation increases the risk of cardiotoxicity manifested by heart dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. It was initially believed that the heart is an organ relatively resistant to radiation. Currently, however, it is suspected that even low doses of radiation (< 2 Gy) may have a negative impact on the cardiovascular system. Cardiotoxicity of ionizing radiation is associated with metabolic changes observed in cardiac cells injured by radiation. In this study we used human cardiomyocytes as a model system, and studied their metabolic response to radiation using high resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance techniques (HR MAS NMR).
Cultured in vitro human cardiomyocytes were exposed to ionizing radiation and their survival was assessed by clonogenic assay. Changes in apoptosis intensity and cell cycle distribution after irradiation were measured as well. NMR spectra of cardiomyocytes were acquired using Bruker Avance 400 MHz spectrometer at a spinning rate of 3200 Hz. Survival of cardiomyocytes after NMR experiments was assessed by the Trypan blue exclusion assay.
Exposure of cardiomyocytes to small doses of ionizing radiation had no effect on cell proliferation potential and intensity of cell death. However, analysis of metabolic profiles revealed changes in lipids, threonine, glycine, choline, valine, isoleucine, glutamate, reduced glutathione and taurine metabolism. The results of this study show that ionizing radiation affects metabolic profiles of cardiomyocytes even at low doses, which potentially have no effect on cell viability.
Synthesis, COX-1/2 inhibition and antioxidant activities of new oxicam analogues designed as potential chemopreventive agents
Authors: Szczęśniak-Sięga Berenika Marta , Gębczak Katarzyna , Gębarowski Tomasz , Maniewska Jadwiga
Published: June 2018

Oxicams (e.g. piroxicam, meloxicam) are widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A large body of evidence from epidemiological and preclinical studies has shown that NSAIDs have a chemopreventive effect on different types of  cancer, especially in colorectal cancer. Moreover  mounting evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggests that persistent inflammation functions as a driving force in the journey to cancer. What is more, inflammation induces reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which cause damage to important cellular components (e.g., DNA, proteins and lipids), which can directly or indirectly contribute to malignant cell transformation. In this study, we discuss the synthesis and the resultant newly synthesised oxicam derivatives which are potentially chemopreventive, and at the same time antioxidant. Compound 9c with highest therapeutic index in the LoVo cancer cell line was found to be the most efficient at ROS scavenging activity in the condition of oxidative stress.
Memorias do salto triplo: entrevista com Nelson Prudencio
Authors: Matthiesen Sara Quenzer
Published: June 2018

Como ex-atleta e professor universitário, Nelson Prudêncio tem muito a nos ensinar sobre o atletismo, em especial, sobre o salto triplo. Como registro de uma história ainda pouco conhecida, esta entrevista tem como intuito resgatar detalhes que nos ajudam a compreender as particularidades desta modalidade esportiva, responsável pela revelação de grandes nomes do atletismo brasileiro e mundial
Características fisiológicas do handebol
Authors: Alves Thiago Candido , Barbosa Luis Fabiano , Pellegrinotti Idico Luiz
Published: June 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os estudos encontrados na literatura nacional e internacional, que tivessem como foco a caracterização dos esforços durante a partida de handebol, para dar subsídios a todos profissionais que trabalham com essa modalidade na área de treinamento desportivo. Tal objetivo se justifica pelos escassos estudos relacionados a esse assunto, sendo essas informações imprescindíveis para o planejamento e organização adequada do treinamento. A discussão se pautou nos aspectos fisiológicos e na relação esforço e pausa, procurando em específico, demonstrar em que grandeza as vias metabólicas são solicitadas durante a situação competitiva, dando-se ênfase na preparação, aos sistemas anaeróbios de fornecimento de energia, já que os mesmos são solicitados nas situações decisivas do jogo.
Efeito agudo dos métodos de alongamento estático e dinâmico sobre a forca dinâmica
Authors: Souza Jander Claiton Ferreira de , Penoni Alvaro Cesar de Oliveira
Published: June 2018

O Objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito dos métodos de alongamento estático e dinâmico sobre o desempenho da força dinâmica no aparelho de supino reto. Foram selecionados 15 voluntários, com idade entre 20 e 30 anos. Os voluntários foram divididos em três grupos (G1, G2 e G3) e realizaram o teste de carga máxima. Para a programação das séries no supino, foram determinados 90% da carga máxima. Para a coleta de dados, seguiu-se o seguinte procedimento: G1 - alongamento estático e série de exercícios no aparelho supino reto; G2 - alongamento balístico e série de exercícios no aparelho supino reto; G3 - alongamento estático e dinâmico e série de exercícios no supino reto. Concluiu-se que os estímulos alongamento estático, balístico e combinado não provocaram influência aguda sobre a força dinâmica no exercício supino reto.
Aplicação do flex test em idosos praticantes de um programa de yoga
Authors: Souza Priscila Cristina de , Pinto Lisboa Rodney Alfredo
Published: June 2018

Este estudo objetivou comparar da flexibilidade de idosos praticantes e não praticantes de Yoga. Quatro indivíduos praticantes regular de Yoga com idade de 63,0 ±5,4 anos e seis não praticantes da atividade de Yoga, com idade de 63,5 ±5,0 anos realizaram o Flex Test. Foram notadas diferenças significativas entre praticantes (índice de 45,3 ±8,8) e não praticantes (índice de 14,3 ±4,2) através de Teste t não pareado com P < 0,0001, considerado extremamente significante. Conclui-se que a prática de Yoga está associada a uma melhoria da flexibilidade global. Estes resultados podem possuir implicações para a individualização do treinamento da flexibilidade em um programa de exercício de Yoga, voltado à promoção da saúde.
Análise comparativa da massa e força musculare do equilíbrio entre indivíduos idosos praticantes e não praticantes de musculação
Authors: Pedro Edmila Marques , Amorim Danielle Bernardes
Published: June 2018

O objetivo foi comparar massa e forca muscular e equilíbrio entre idosos praticantes e não praticantes de musculação. Para tanto, foram realizados testes de forca através de repetições máximas e testes de equilíbrio a fim de analisar o equilíbrio estático e dinâmico, através das escalas de Tinetti e Berg em 16 indivíduos idosos, sendo oito praticantes de musculação (idade 65 ±6,19 anos) e oito não praticantes (idade 68 ± 4,98 anos). Verificou-se que os idosos treinados em musculação apresentaram maiores valores de circunferências de Braço e de Coxa, das Escalas de Berg de Tinetti (Equilibrio) e dos testes de repetição submáxima no Supino e no Leg Press em relação aos sedentários. Concluiu-se que o treinamento de forca pode ser efetivo no equilíbrio de indivíduos idosos, podendo auxilia-los na realização de atividades da vida diária.
Prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em escolares do ensino fundamental de escolas públicas de Limeira, São Paulo
Authors: Ferrari Homero Gustavo , Barbosa Murilo Henrique
Published: June 2018

Objetivo: verificar a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em escolares de seis a onze anos, de ambos os sexos de escolas públicas de Limeira, São Paulo. Métodos: 365 escolares (177 meninas e 188 meninos) foram submetidos a medidas antropométricas de massa corporal, estatura e índice de massa corpórea. Para a classificação de sobrepeso e obesidade foram utilizados os pontos de corte de Cole et al. (2000). Resultados: os resultados indicam que a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade na faixa dos 6 aos 8 anos é semelhante entre os sexos, entretanto dos 9 aos 11 é maior nas meninas.
A ergonomia como ferramenta de análise para compreender o trabalho e saúde de motoristas e entregadores em uma distribuidora de bebidas
Authors: Toti Diego Cleto de Mello , Lopes Marcelo Bordignon , Smolarek André de Camargo , Laat Erivelton Fontana de
Published: June 2018

O presente estudo teve objetivo identificar os determinantes que podem afetar a saúde dos motoristas e entregadores em uma empresa de bebidas no interior do Paraná, através do diagnóstico das condições de trabalho Pela análise qualitativa do trabalho real dos motoristas e entregadores, constatou-se que o sofrimento de fadiga psíquica é a queixa mais destacada na fala destes trabalhadores, o que coloca em um segundo plano as questões clássicas relatadas pela atividade física/ergonomia como extenuante. A atividade real destes trabalhadores sofre influências da política comercial, das características dos clientes, do ambiente, dos materiais e do espaço de trabalho. Alguns desses fatores interagem entre si, determinando imprevistos que serão regulados pelos funcionários.
Uma proposta para avaliação em educação física infantil
Authors: Cerignoni Vitor Antonio , Tolocka Rute Estanislava
Published: June 2018

A dificuldade de avaliar na Educação Física tem sido objeto de vários estudos, porém ainda são poucas as propostas para isto. Assim este estudo propõe uma avaliação em situação natural da criança, observando a relação mútua entre diferentes aspectos do comportamento humano. Foram observadas 25 crianças, de ambos os sexos entre sete e 10 anos de idade, a partir de pressupostos da teoria bioecológica de Bronfenbrenner. O estado nutricional e o nível de habilidade motora interferiram nas respostas frente às exigências do meio ambiente. Esta avaliação trouxe subsídios para desenvolver programas de Educação Física.
Analise da psicologia do esporte em periódicos de língua inglesa
Authors: Gomes Simone Salvador , Coimbra Danilo Reis , Miranda Renato , Bara Filho Mauricio
Published: June 2018

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a psicologia do esporte nos periódicos de língua inglesa. Foram selecionados 521 resumos (2002 a 2006), de quatro periódicos. Analisaram-se os temas, amostra e o tipo de estudo utilizado. A amostra mais pesquisada foi de atletas de esporte competitivo (57,2%), seguido por estudos com não atletas (29,3%) e atletas juvenis (12,5%). Em relação ao tipo de estudo, os de revisão tiveram 15,8%, intervenção 15,4% e desenvolvimento de instrumentos 11%, observação e descrição de um fenômeno psicológico obteve 57,9%. Os temas mais pesquisados foram: motivação (15,7%), capacidade visual e mental (11,9%), humor (11,7%) e auto-eficácia (10,6%). São necessários estudos que verifiquem diferenças e semelhanças entre os resultados deste estudo e as pesquisas brasileiras.
Dança e moradores de um lar para idosos
Authors: Oliveira Raphael Gonçalves de , Chiarion Bruna Maria Acedo , Verlengia Rozangela , Tolocka Rute Estanislava
Published: June 2018

Embora a população idosa tenha aumentado muito e vários estudos foram feitos sobre atividades físicas para ela, ainda é preciso estudos sobre idosos que vivem em instituições geriátricas. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar bailes que ocorrem dentro de uma instituição geriátrica, em uma cidade do estado de São Paulo. Foi verificado que tais reuniões ajudam à inserção social, algumas pessoas da comunidade em volta da instituição vêm semanalmente para estas atividades, mas poucos moradores do lar tomam parte nelas. Boa parte destes moradores tem dificuldades de movimento, o que os limita na participação das atividades. Sugere-se que eles possam ter oportunidades para desenvolver habilidades motoras e capacidades físicas e que tais reuniões possam promover discussões sobre a vida em instituições geriátricas.
O curso de geologia da UFRJ perante as diretrizes curriculares nacionais: possíveis impactos no perfil do egresso
Authors: Rodrigues Amanda Goulart
Published: June 2018

O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar as mudanças ocorridas na grade curricular da Geologia da UFRJ frente as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para identificar quais serão os possíveis impactos no perfil do egresso. Para isso foi realizada uma análise comparativa e qualitativa das grades curriculares e entrevistas com docentes. As mudanças curriculares consistiram: (1) na diminuição de horas teórico-práticas em disciplinas; (2) na inclusão de 420 horas de extensão; (3) na inclusão das disciplinas de Estágio Supervisionado e de Saúde e Segurança; (4) na inclusão de horas teóricas nas disciplinas Geologia de Campo. Dois impactos foram identificados: (1) melhor preparação para o mercado de trabalho, gerando geólogos mais autônomos e atentos as questões sociais e (2) prejuízo na formação básica conceitual de modo a dificultar a resolução de problemas geológicos complexos. Sugere-se acompanhamento semestral do processo de implementação para auxiliar na detecção de inconsistências e no planejamento das futuras revisões.
Circuitos transmediáticos en un mundo postanálogo
Authors: Acevedo-Merlano Álvaro Alfonso , Martínez Dueñas William Andrés
Published: June 2018

Actualmente, alrededor del mundo existe una gran tendencia al consumo de productos culturales transmediáticos como los videojuegos, los cómics, el manga, y el animé, lo que ha llevado a que surjan dinámicas de tecno-socialidad[1] que permitieron que emergieran identidades como la de los geeks o los otakus. Estas socialidades son cada vez más comunes a escala global y se hacen presentes en la cotidianidad de millones de personas; son nutridas a través de las industrias del entretenimiento que son de carácter transnacional y facilitadas por la implementación y uso de las TIC a nivel local, que posibilita la creación de redes y la consolidación de colectividades entre sujetos que comparten un gran entramado socio-técnico. En estas dinámicas predominan representaciones del mundo caracterizadas por utopías o distopías, cuyas estéticas constantemente construidas y deconstruidas entran a constituir las existencias de estas comunidades y sus sujetos. Proponemos de manera provisional este concepto, retomando el de biosocilidad de Rabinow (1996), que hace referencia a sociabilidades construidas en torno enfermedades, condiciones de riesgo e intervenciones en el cuerpo (en una editorial previa mencionamos el caso del fitness Martínez-Dueñas, [2016]).  A pesar de que estas socialidades no solo se consolidan en torno a las TIC, si consideramos que son estas tecnologías las que ofrecieron el sustrato básico para que emergieran.
Correlation of Online Physician Rating Subscores and Association With Overall Satisfaction: Observational Study of 212,933 Providers (Preprint)
Authors: Zhao Hanson Hanqing , Luu Michael , Spiegel Brennan , Daskivich Timothy John
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Online physician rating websites commonly ask consumers to rate providers across multiple physician-based (eg, spending sufficient time, listening) and office-based (eg, appointment scheduling, friendliness) subdimensions of care in addition to overall satisfaction. However, it is unclear if consumers can differentiate between the various rated subdimensions of physicians. It is also unclear how each subdimension is related to overall satisfaction.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of our study were to determine the correlation of physician-based and office-based subdimensions of care and the association of each with overall satisfaction.

METHODS

We sampled 212,933 providers from the Healthgrades website and calculated average provider metrics for overall satisfaction (likelihood to recommend doctor), physician-based subdimensions (trust in physician, ability to explain, ability to listen and answer questions, and spending adequate time), and office-based subdimensions (ease of scheduling, office environment, staff friendliness, and wait time). We used Spearman rank correlation to assess correlation between subdimension ratings. Factor analysis was used to identify potential latent factors predicting overall satisfaction. Univariate and multivariable linear regression were performed to assess the effect of physician and office-based factors on overall satisfaction.

RESULTS

Physician-based metrics were highly correlated with each other (r=.95 to .98, P<.001), as were office-based metrics (r=.84 to .88, P<.001). Correlations between physician-based and office-based ratings were less robust (r=.79 to .81, P<.001). Factor analysis identified two factors, clearly distinguishing between physician-based metrics (factor loading = 0.84 to 0.88) and office-based metrics (factor loading = 0.76 to 0.84). In multivariable linear regression analysis, the composite factor representing physician-based metrics (0.65, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.65) was more strongly associated with overall satisfaction than the factor representing office-based metrics (0.42, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.42). These factors eclipsed other demographic variables in predicting overall satisfaction.

CONCLUSIONS

Consumers do not differentiate between commonly assessed subdimensions of physician-based care or subdimensions of office-based care, but composite factors representing these broader categories are associated with overall satisfaction. These findings argue for a simpler ratings system based on two metrics: one addressing physician-based aspects of care and another addressing office-based aspects of care.
Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Stepped Care for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Randomized Noninferiority Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Worm-Smeitink Margreet , Janse Anthonie , van Dam Arno , Evers Andrea , van der Vaart Rosalie , Wensing Michel , Knoop Hans
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (I-CBT) leads to a reduction of fatigue severity and disability in adults with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). However, not all patients profit and it remains unclear how I-CBT is best embedded in the care of CFS patients.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to compare the efficacy of stepped care, using therapist-assisted I-CBT, followed by face-to-face (f2f) cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) when needed, with f2f CBT (treatment as usual [TAU]) on fatigue severity. The secondary aim was to investigate treatment efficiency.

METHODS

A total of 363 CFS patients were randomized to 1 of the 3 treatment arms (n=121). There were 2 stepped care conditions that differed in the therapists’ feedback during I-CBT: prescheduled or on-demand. When still severely fatigued or disabled after I-CBT, the patients were offered f2f CBT. Noninferiority of both stepped care conditions to TAU was tested using analysis of covariance. The primary outcome was fatigue severity (Checklist Individual Strength). Disabilities (Sickness Impact Profile -8), physical functioning (Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form-36), psychological distress (Symptom Checklist-90), and proportion of patients with clinically significant improvement in fatigue were the secondary outcomes. The amount of invested therapist time was compared between stepped care and TAU. Exploratory comparisons were made between the stepped care conditions of invested therapist time and proportion of patients who continued with f2f CBT.

RESULTS

Noninferiority was indicated, as the upper boundary of the one-sided 98.75% CI of the difference in the change in fatigue severity between both forms of stepped care and TAU were below the noninferiority margin of 5.2 (4.25 and 3.81, respectively). The between-group differences on the secondary outcomes were also not significant (P=.11 to P=.79). Both stepped care formats required less therapist time than TAU (median 8 hours, 9 minutes and 7 hours, 25 minutes in stepped care vs 12 hours in TAU; P<.001). The difference in therapist time between both stepped care formats was not significant. Approximately half of the patients meeting step-up criteria for f2f CBT after I-CBT did not continue.

CONCLUSIONS

Stepped care, including I-CBT followed by f2f CBT when indicated, is noninferior to TAU of f2f CBT and requires less therapist time. I-CBT for CFS can be used as a first step in stepped care.

CLINICALTRIAL

Nederlands Trial Register NTR4809; http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=4809 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/74SWkw1V5)
Kuantim mi tu (“Count me too”): Using Multiple Methods to Estimate the Number of Female Sex Workers, Men Who Have Sex With Men, and Transgender Women in Papua New Guinea in 2016 and 2017 (Preprint)
Authors: Weikum Damian , Kelly-Hanku Angela , Hou Parker , Kupul Martha , Amos-Kuma Angelyne , Badman Steven G , Dala Nick , Coy Kelsey C , Kaldor John M , Vallely Andrew J , Hakim Avi J
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Female sex workers (FSW), men who have sex with men (MSM), and transgender women (TGW) are at high risk of acquiring HIV in many settings, such as Papua New Guinea (PNG). An understanding of the approximate size of these populations can inform resource allocation for HIV services for FSW, MSM, and TGW.

OBJECTIVE

An objective of this multi-site survey was to conduct updated population size estimations (PSE) of FSW and MSM/TGW.

METHODS

Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) biobehavioral surveys of FSW and MSM/TGW were conducted in 3 major cities—(1) Port Moresby, (2) Lae, and (3) Mount Hagen—between June 2016 and December 2017. Eligibility criteria for FSW included: (1) ≥12 years of age, (2) born female, (3) could speak English or Tok Pisin (PNG Pidgin), and (4) had sold or exchanged sex with a man in the past six months. Eligibility for MSM/TGW included: (1) ≥12 years of age, (2) born male, (3) could speak English, or Tok Pisin, and (4) had engaged in oral or anal sex with another person born male in the past six months. PSE methods included unique object multiplier, service multiplier, and successive sampling-population size estimation (SS-PSE) using imputed visibility. Weighted data analyses were conducted using RDS-Analyst and Microsoft Excel.

RESULTS

Sample sizes for FSW and MSM/TGW in Port Moresby, Lae, and Mount Hagen included: (1) 673 and 400, (2) 709 and 352, and (3) 709 and 111 respectively. Keychains were used for the unique object multiplier method and were distributed 1 week before the start of each RDS survey. HIV service testing data were only available in Port Moresby and Mount Hagen and SS-PSE estimates were calculated for all cities. Due to limited service provider data and uncertain prior size estimation knowledge, unique object multiplier weighted estimations were chosen for estimates. In Port Moresby, we estimate that there are 16,053 (95% CI 8232-23,874) FSW and 7487 (95% CI 3975-11,000) MSM/TGW, approximately 9.5% and 3.8% of the female and male populations respectively. In Lae, we estimate that there are 6105 (95% CI 4459-7752) FSW and 4669 (95% CI 3068-6271) MSM/TGW, approximately 14.4% and 10.1% of the female and male populations respectively. In Mount Hagen, we estimate that there are 2646 (95% CI 1655-3638) FSW and 1095 (95% CI 913-1151) MSM/TGW using service multiplier and successive sampling, respectively. This is approximately 17.1% and 6.3% of the female and male populations respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

As the HIV epidemic in PNG rapidly evolves among key populations, PSE should be repeated to produce current estimates for timely comparison and future trend analysis.
Evaluation of Biological and Functional Changes in Healthy Smokers Switching to the Tobacco Heating System 2.2 Versus Continued Tobacco Smoking: Protocol for a Randomized, Controlled, Multicenter Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ansari S Michael , Lama Nicola , Blanc Nicolas , Bosilkovska Marija , Donelli Andrea , Picavet Patrick , Baker Gizelle , Haziza Christelle , Lüdicke Frank
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Tobacco harm reduction, substituting less harmful tobacco products for combustible cigarettes, is a complementary approach for smokers who would otherwise continue to smoke. The Philip Morris International (PMI) Tobacco Heating System (THS) 2.2 is a novel tobacco product with the potential to reduce the risk of harm in smokers compared to continued smoking of combustible cigarettes. It heats tobacco electrically in a controlled manner, never allowing the temperature to exceed 350°C, thereby preventing the combustion process from taking place and producing substantially lower levels of toxicants while providing nicotine, taste, ritual, and a sensory experience that closely parallels combustible cigarettes. Previous clinical studies have demonstrated reduced exposure to the toxicants (approaching the levels observed after quitting) for smokers who switched to THS 2.2, for three months. For adult smokers who would otherwise continue smoking combustible cigarettes, switching to THS 2.2 may represent an alternative way to reduce the risk of tobacco-related diseases.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to further substantiate the harm reduction potential of THS 2.2 by demonstrating favorable changes in a set of 8 coprimary endpoints, representative of pathomechanistic pathways (ie, inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, respiratory function, and genotoxicity), linked to smoking-related diseases, in smokers switching from combustible cigarettes to THS 2.2.

METHODS

This study was a randomized, controlled, two-arm parallel group, multicenter ambulatory US study conducted in healthy adult smokers switching from combustible cigarettes to THS 2.2 compared with smokers continuing to smoke combustible cigarettes for six months. Subjects had a smoking history of at least ten years and did not intend to quit within the next six months.

RESULTS

Enrollment started in March 2015 and the trial was completed in September 2016. In total, 984 subjects were randomized (combustible cigarettes, n=483; THS 2.2, n=477), and 803 completed the study. The results are expected to be available in a subsequent publication in 2019.

CONCLUSIONS

In this paper, we describe the rationale and design for this clinical study that focused on the evaluation of THS 2.2’s potential to reduce the risk of smoking-related diseases compared with that of combustible cigarettes. This study will provide insights regarding favorable changes in biological and functional endpoints informed by effects known to be seen upon smoking cessation.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02396381; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02396381 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/71PCRdagP)

REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER

RR1-10.2196/11294
Validation of Serbian version of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test
Authors: Milenkovic Branislava , Dimic-Janjic Sanja , Kotur-Stevuljevic Jelena , Kopitovic Ivan , Jankovic Jelena , Stjepanovic Mihailo , Vukoja Marija , Ristic Snezana , Davicevic-Elez Zaklina
Published: June 2018

Background/Aim. The Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Assessment Test (CAT) is a simple and reliable tool designed to measure overall COPD related health status and complement physician assessment in routine clinical practice. Objective of this study was to evaluate the validity of the Serbian version of CAT. Methods. Study included 140 outpatients in the stable COPD, recruited from two centres: Clinic for Pulmonology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, and Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica. All patients completed pulmonary function testing ? spirometry, the CAT and the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale at baseline visit. The CAT test-retest reliability was tested in 20 patients by the same investigator (physician). Results. We demonstrated that Serbian version of CAT had high internal consistency with Cronbach?s alpha 0.88. Test-retest analysis showed good correlation between CAT scores in two time points (Spearman?s ? = 0.681, p < 0.01). In our study the CAT correlated moderately to mMRC scale (? = +0.57), weakly to FEV1 (? -0.214), was positively related to number of exacerbations, but did not showed exact regularity with change in the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive lung disease (GOLD) stage. Conclusion. The Serbian version of CAT is a reliable, simple and easy-to-use tool that can be used in everyday clinical practice to assess the health status of COPD patients in Serbia.
Primary percutaneous intervention of the right coronary artery in a setting of anomalous origination of left coronary artery from the opposite sinus of Valsalva
Authors: Babic Rade , Grujic Goran , Kojic Dejan , Kostic Jelena , Trifunovic Zoran , Borovic Sasa
Published: June 2018

Introduction. Coronary artery anomalies are infrequent but anticipated findings during percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Compared to consistent reporting in angiographic series, they seem to be underreported in interventional studies, and particularly in the setting of primary PCI, where their prompt recognition is of the utmost importance. Case report. We present a 50 years old male with inferior ST-elevation of myocardial infarction (STEMI) and right ventricular involvement with solitary ostium for all three coronary arteries in the right aortic sinus of Valsalva. The patient had an extremely rare variant of coronary artery origination belonging to the type A4b2c2 of Angelini?s classification. Correspondingly, it belongs to the left Anomalous origination of a Coronary Artery from the Opposite Sinus of Valsalva (ACAOS) class with the intraseptal course of left anterior descending artery. We managed successfully to implant a drug eluting stent in the proximal right coronary artery in a lengthy and stormy procedure, with the need for guiding catheter exchange, temporary pacing and dealing with no-reflow phenomenon. Conclusion. We summarize diagnostic hints for angiographic recognition of dominant variants of the left ACAOS and practical aspects of performing PCI in such patients. Also, we debate on the functional significance of coronary anomalies and its further implications from the prognostic and therapeutic aspects. We propose adoption of the novel classification of coronary anomalies of Angelini?s group in the routine clinical practice. Finally, we call for the inclusion of specific training in coronary artery anomalies into the interventional cardiology fellowship curriculum.
The reproduction of the cultural system as a social function of higher education
Authors: Kuznetsova Oksana Nikolaevna ,   North Caucasus Federal University
Published: June 2018

The paper deals with the problems of studying, explaining and interpreting the social functions of higher education. In this context, the reproduction of the cultural system is the key issue. The problems of this social function of education are determined from the standpoint of the structural and functional analysis which considers the education system as the initial principle of social and cultural approach. The study demonstrates the shortcomings of the simplified structural and functional analysis of higher education. The research is based on general and specific scientific research methods, including the above-mentioned structural and functional approach, and the techniques which are typical for the study of social institutions and processes. The key findings of the research demonstrate that the qualification function of higher education is justified as a reproduction of the cultural system that is to be implemented and assimilated in order to ensure the participation of modern people in public life.
English Language and its Importance of Learning it in Albanian Schools
Authors: Balla Ervin
Published: June 2018

Taking into consideration many factors that indicate that the English language has taken an important place in communication and its use by millions in the whole world has become a necessity and not an unecessary subject in the teaching process in Albanian universities. As a result of that many countries including Albania are seeing an increase of the demand for teaching the English language since the first grades. Also it is found necessary the addition of classes of foreign languages in Albanian schools and universities. The curricula of the language is enriched each year and the new methods are becoming more profitable in teaching the language. Naturally teaching the English at school is becoming important not only academically but also in the practical aspect of learning, such as using language for various purposes such as business purposes, communication, reading foreign books especially in literature or other types. In the aspect of learning the language in the school not only the book is important but also other factors need to be taken into account.
A dimensão política da fé
Authors: Aquino Júnior Francisco de
Published: June 2018

Vivemos uma profunda crise política na América Latina e no mundo. No caso concreto do Brasil, no contexto dos escândalos de corrupção que envolvem quase todos os partidos e os mais diversos âmbitos e órgãos do Estado e da espetacularização midiática seletiva desses escândalos,  uma onda direitista reacionária vem ameaçando e destruindo as poucas conquistas sociais das últimas décadas (direitos trabalhistas e previdenciários, políticas sociais, direitos das chamadas minorias etc.) e colocando em xeque até mesmo as regras do Estado Democrático de Direito alcançadas na constituição de 1988. E, o que é mais grave, com a cumplicidade de grupos e setores religiosos conservadores-fundamentalistas que, na contramão do Evangelho de Jesus Cristo, semeiam intolerância e ódio, produzem e propagam mentiras (fakenews), ameaçam a laicidade do Estado e afrontam os direitos humanos (pobres, indígenas, negros, mulheres, LGBTs)...
Resumos Dissertações 2016 e 2017
Authors: Unicap Fronteiras
Published: June 2018

Resumos Dissertações 2016 e 2017
You, Too, Will Speak English Soon: The Pros and Cons of English as a Business Lingua Franca
Authors: Wiggers Heiko
Published: June 2018

This paper discusses the increasing use of English as a Business Lingua Franca (BELF). In particular, this paper examines case studies from several companies located in diverse countries (Japan, Germany, and Finland), where English has been implemented as an internal lingua franca. The case studies show that most employees at these companies adjusted to BELF in a very pragmatic manner, while others considered the employment of BELF to be an intrusive course of action. This paper also investigates how BELF is viewed by native speakers of English and argues that attitudes towards foreign language learning by native speakers of English may constitute an impediment to efficient communication between speakers of different native languages and backgrounds. Finally, this papers shows that the acceptance of BELF, at least to a certain degree, is dependent on attitudes towards the global spread of English.
Planificación Centrada en la Persona: metodología de apoyo para que cada persona con discapacidad dirija su vida. La experiencia de ASPRODEMA.
Authors: Urizarna-Varona Santiago , Ruiz Pilar , Naharro Lorena , Martínez Ignacio , Sáenz Irene , Carriquiri Juan-Carlos
Published: June 2018

La Planificación Centrada en la Persona (PCP) es una metodología desarrollada en los años 80 del siglo XX, orientada a promover que las personas con discapacidad intelectual o del desarrollo tengan la oportunidad de dirigir su propia vida. Durante el proceso de PCP la persona cuenta con el apoyo de personas de confianza que ella elige entre familiares, profesionales y amigos de su entorno. Esta metodología es coherente con varios de los principios de la práctica profesional del trabajo social y otras profesiones de la intervención social. Este artículo, aparte de describir en que consiste la PCP, describe cuál ha sido el proceso seguido por el Grupo ASPRODEMA para implantar la PCP como metodología de apoyo para la elaboración de Planes de Vida de personas usuarias de sus servicios desde 2008, y el cambio de modelo de atención que ha supuesto en el conjunto de la organización. Esta experiencia ha conseguido que 49 personas, algunas de ellas durante al menos 10 años, planifiquen metas personales y dirijan su vida. Esta metodología responde a los conceptos de Derechos Humanos, Calidad de Vida y Autoderminación que deben orientar, tanto los servicios dirigidos a la prestación de apoyos y atención de las personas con discapacidad intelectual, como la intervención profesional del Trabajo Social con este colectivo de personas. Al final de este artículo presentamos seis ejemplos de experiencias de éxito, algunos resultados globales en las personas, sus familiares y circulo de apoyo, y unas conclusiones en relación con la experiencia en PCP del Grupo ASPRODEMA en estos últimos años.
Los Derechos Humanos, principios orientadores de la práctica del trabajo social
Authors: De-Robertis Cristina
Published: June 2018

Los derechos humanos son esenciales en el trabajo social, ellos dan las bases de la concepción misma de la profesión e influyen cotidianamente en la práctica. El retorno actual a una interrogación ética muestra a qué punto nos es necesario revisitar los fundamentos, recordarnos las bases y tomar apoyo en ellos para llevar adelante una labor difícil y comprometida. Revisitar los valores que sostienen la práctica y le dan sentido en este contexto es hoy en día primordial. En este articulo, propongo reflexionar sobre tres puntos. El primero trata de los derechos humanos como formando parte inseparable del trabajo social, veremos los valores humanistas y democráticos y los principios operatorios de la relación de ayuda. El segundo presenta el concepto de persona como finalidad del trabajo social, la definición del concepto y las orientaciones actuales hacia una mayor participación de los usuarios. El tercero esbozará los caminos que llevan de los principios de los derechos humanos a la práctica profesional: cambiar de mirada, movilizar recursos y crear nuevas posibilidades.
Outcome of breech delivery: caesarean section versus vaginal delivery at Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences
Authors: Malla Anagha Pradhan , RC Laxmi , Singh Alka , Shrestha Reena , Gurung Padma , Lama Sushma , Shrestha Sarada Duwal , Pradhan Binita
Published: June 2018

Introductions: Obstetricians have long debated the role of caesarean section as a potentially safer mode of delivery for the fetus with breech presentation. However, the experience of the health care provider remains a critical element in the decision to pursue a vaginal breech delivery, and it may still be a viable option. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of breech delivery at Patan Hospital and compare maternal and neonatal outcomes subjected to either vaginal or caesarean section.Methods: This was a five-year retrospective study of breech deliveries covering the year 2010 to 2014. Patient’s charts were retrieved from the medical record section and reviewed.Results: There were 896 breech deliveries out of a total 44,842 deliveries giving an incidence of 1.99%. One hundred thirteen (12.61%) of breech deliveries were through vaginal route while 431 (48.10%) and 352 (39.28%) were through emergency and elective caesarean sections respectively. There were 154 (17.18%) preterm breech deliveries including 27 (17.5%) preterm intrauterine death. Among term pregnancy, there were 3 neonatal deaths not associated with mode of delivery. None of the term infant had neurological morbidity comprising neonatal seizures, brachial plexus injury, chephalohematoma. Maternal blood loss was significantly higher in caesarean section group. Conclusions: In well-selected cases, the neonatal outcome following assisted vaginal breech delivery and caesarean section may not be different.Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2016. page: 4-9
Assessment of patients presenting in shock at emergency department in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Bajracharya Sumana , Shrestha Ashis , Shrestha Roshana , Thapa Rashmi , Acharya Samita , Hada Kabita
Published: June 2018

Introductions: Clinical profile of patient presenting with shock is important in early recognition and intervention to improve outcome especially in resource limited setup. This study is designed with an objective to evaluate history, clinical findings, laboratory findings and provisional diagnosis of patient presenting with shock.Methods: This was a cross sectional observational study conducted at Patan Hospital emergency department from September to November 2014. All consecutive patients presenting with shock were included. Patient’s demography (age, sex), provisional diagnosis, major findings (blood pressure, lactate, total count, fluid given, stay in emergency), requirement of inotropes and improvement were analyzed.Results: In three months period, 38 patients presented with shock to the emergency. Out of them 21 (55.3 %) were female and 17 (44.7%) were male. Commonest presenting complain was fever and shortness of breath 12 (31.6%), diarrhea 6 (13.4%) and shortness of breath 5 (13.2%). Septic shock was seen in 17 (44.7%), hypovolemic in 10 (26.3%), cardiogenic 7 (18.4%) and unclassified 4 (10.5%). Mean duration of stay in emergency was 100.6 minutes. Mean fluid given in emergency was 2328.9 milliliters.Conclusions: Sepsis was an important cause of shock in the emergency department. Pneumonia was common cause of sepsis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was common underlying condition.Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2016, Page: 18-22
Make Flows Great Again: A Hybrid Resilience Mechanism for OpenFlow Networks
Authors: Silva Walber José Adriano
Published: June 2018

A top concern in Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is the management of network flows. The resource limitation in SDN devices, e.g., Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) size, and the signaling overhead between the control and data plane elements can impose scalability restrictions for a network. A notable SDN technology is the OpenFlow protocol, and failures in links and nodes inside an OpenFlow network could lead to drawbacks, such as packet loss. This work proposes the Local Node Group fast reroute (LONG), a hybrid resilience mechanism for OpenFlow networks that combines protection and restoration resilience mechanisms. The results achieved indicate that LONG is a practical approach when compared against the state-of-the-art algorithms.
Prey–Predator Models with Variable Carrying Capacity
Authors: Al-Moqbali Mariam K. A. , Al-Salti Nasser S. , Elmojtaba Ibrahim M.
Published: June 2018

Prey–predator models with variable carrying capacity are proposed. These models are more realistic in modeling population dynamics in an environment that undergoes changes. In particular, prey–predator models with Holling type I and type II functional responses, incorporating the idea of a variable carrying capacity, are considered. The carrying capacity is modeled by a logistic equation that increases sigmoidally between an initial value κ0>κ1 (a lower bound for the carrying capacity) and a final value κ1+κ2 (an upper bound for the carrying capacity). In order to examine the effect of the variable carrying capacity on the prey–predator dynamics, the two models were analyzed qualitatively using stability analysis and numerical solutions for the prey, and the predator population densities were obtained. Results on global stability and Hopf bifurcation of certain equilibrium points have been also presented. Additionally, the effect of other model parameters on the prey–predator dynamics has been examined. In particular, results on the effect of the handling parameter and the predator’s death rate, which has been taken to be the bifurcation parameter, are presented.
Hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement in patients with liver cirrhosis: A correlation with disease severity and variceal bleeding
Authors: Šilkauskaitė Vilma , Pranculis Andrius , Mitraitė Dalia , Jonaitis Laimas , Petrenkienė Vitalija , Kupčinskas Limas
Published: June 2018

The aim of present study was to evaluate relationships between degree of portal hypertension, severity of the disease, and bleeding status in patients with liver cirrhosis. Patients and methods. All study patients with liver cirrhosis underwent hepatic venous pressure gradient measurements, endoscopy, clinical and biochemical evaluation. Liver function was evaluated according to Child-Turcotte-Pugh (Child’s) scoring system. Patients with decompensated cirrhosis (presence of severe ascites, acute variceal bleeding occurring within 14 days, hepatorenal syndrome, cardiopulmonary disorders, transaminase levels >10 times higher the upper normal limit), active alcohol intake, use of antiviral therapy and/or beta-blockers were excluded from the study. Results. One hundred twenty-eight patients with liver cirrhosis (male/female, 67/61; mean age, 53.8±12.7 years) were included into the study. Etiology of cirrhosis was viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, cryptogenic and miscellaneous reasons in 57, 49, 14, and 8 patients, respectively. Child’s stages A, B, and C of liver cirrhosis were established in 28 (21.9%), 70 (54.9%), and 30 (23.4%) patients, respectively. The mean hepatic venous pressure gradient significantly differed among patients with different Child’s classes: 13.8±5.3 mm Hg, 17.3±4.6 mm Hg, and 17.7±5.05 mm Hg in Child’s A, B, and C classes, respectively (P=0.003). The mean hepatic venous pressure gradient in patients with grade I, II, and III varices was 14.8±4.5, 16.1±4.3, and 19.3±4.7 mm Hg, respectively (P=0.0001). Since nonbleeders had both small and large esophageal varices, patients with large varices were analyzed separately. The mean hepatic venous pressure gradient in patients with large (grade II and III) varices was significantly higher than that in patients with small (grade I) varices (17.8±4.8 mm Hg vs 14.6±4.8 mm Hg, P=0.007). Thirty-four (26.6%) patients had a history of previous variceal bleeding; all of them had large (20.6% – grade II, and 79.4% – grade III) varices. In patients with large varices, the mean hepatic venous pressure gradient was significantly higher in bleeders than in nonbleeders (18.7±4.7 mm Hg vs 15.9±4.7 mm Hg, P=0.006). Conclusions. Hepatic venous pressure gradient correlates with severity of liver disease, size of varices, and bleeding status. Among cirrhotics with large esophageal varices, bleeders have a significantly higher hepatic venous pressure gradient than nonbleeders. Hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement is useful in clinical practice selecting cirrhotic patients at the highest risk of variceal bleeding and guiding to specific therapy.
Raumenų sutraiškymas ir sutraiškymo sindromas
Authors: Reingardienė Dagmara , Jodžiūnienė Liucija , Lažauskas Robertas
Published: June 2018

Raumenų sutraiškymas – tai galūnių ar kūno raumenų pažeidimas (trauminė rabdomiolizė). Sisteminės raumenų sutraiškymo pasekmės: rabdomiolizė, elektrolitų kiekio, šarmų ir rūgščių pusiausvyros pokyčiai, hipovolemija, ūminis inkstų nepakankamumas. Šių raumenų pažeidimų žmonės patiria įvairių nelaimingų įvykių metu: žemės drebėjimai, uraganai, transporto avarijos, karai, namų griūtys ir t. t. Šiame straipsnyje aptariama raumenų sutraiškymo sindromo epidemiologija, rizikos veiksniai, patofiziologija (raumeninių skaidulų pažeidimo mechanizmai, išsilaisvinančios iš pažeistų raumenų medžiagos, reperfuzijos pasekmės); klinikiniai požymiai; tyrimų duomenys; diferencinė diagnostika; komplikacijos (ūminis inkstų nepakankamumas, hipovoleminis šokas, hiperkalemija, infekcija, raumenų guolio ankštumo sindromas); gydymas (tinkama rehidracija, vartojami intraveniniai skysčiai, forsuota manitolio šarminė diurezė, hiperkalemijos korekcija, žaizdų priežiūra, hiperbarinė oksigenacija ir kt.); prognozė, mirštamumo rodikliai ir profilaktika (neatidėliotina pagalba gali sumažinti šios patologijos metu tiek sergamumo trukmę, tiek mirštamumą).