bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NEGARA, ISLAM, DAN NASIONALISME SEBUAH PERSPEKTIF
Authors: Chaidar Al , Sahrasad Herdi
Published: January 2022

What happens with ‘’Reformasi’’ (the Reform Movement/ Era)? After tha fall of Soeharto’s New Order regime, Indonesia come into chaotic situation with many religious and ethnic conflicts. Separatism has erupted and corruption has been so rampant. The “door” of democracy opens, and both Islamists and nationalists take part in the political game. The results have been, however, transactional politics, bad governance and uncertainty. A question should be raiseed: is it irreconcilable between the nationalists and the islamists? What is happening when the political games are plyed by both parties is basically the competition of corruption. They are stealing “people resources and welth of the nation”. Islamists do the same as the nationalists stealing power (corruption). The business world is corrupted. Businessmen are in collusion with politicians, rulers, and bureaucrats. They do not care anymore about the fate of the people and the country.
THE POLITICS OF RELIGION THE INVENTION OF “AGAMA” IN INDONESIA
Authors: Hidayah Sita
Published: January 2022

“Agama” (English: Religion) is a heavily loaded word in Indonesia imbued with a simplistic view that the discourse of “agama” is especially about morality but which is also politically motivated by power interests. The simplicity of the argument is not that it is incorrect, but the valid questions here are: “what the meaning of “agama” isas informed by ethnographies of adat communities, historical archives, media reports, and Indonesian state policies?”This paper examines the ‘condition of possibility’ of the emergence of the discourse of “agama” in Indonesia. Foucault’s theoretical framework is used to investigate the invention of “agama” in Indonesia.Here I limit the discussion to the historical and sociological beliefs and practices that make “agama” possible and focus on “agama” as an operational category in Indonesian politics.This paper links the discourse on “agama” with the discussion of citizenship. Signicant inuence of the discourse of “agama” in the Indonesian systems of government, I argue, has become the most powerful force informing the concept of citizenship in Indonesia. The production of state’s denition of the term “agama” was a rupture marking the construction of a new ‘eld of control’ in the way in which it creates, registers, categorizes, and controls Indonesians’ citizenship; thus citizenship is reinforced or subverted by this specic meaning of “agama”.The formalization of “agama” and regularitiesof the formalized “agama” has consistently been appropriated to legitimate the adoption of every so often violent measures targeting religious minorities in Indonesia. This paper will also highlight the relationship between the discourse of “agama” and the political exclusion of religious minorities in Indonesia
SEMIOTIKA NARATIF GREIMASIAN DALAM IKLAN BUSANA MUSLIM
Authors: Nasrullah Rulli
Published: January 2022

Muslim Fashion has transformed to be cultural industry profitable financially. The flourish of Muslimfashion producers certainly needs business strategy to promote the products. Advertisement becomesone of promotional tools that can communicate product excellence. Moreover advertisement in massmedia gives space for producer to visualize image of product wanted especially when the advertisementis promoted in Muslim mass media. In semiotic tradition, advertisement does not only communicateproduct for sale but it has ideology constructed by both advertiser and advertising company in order toestablish in consumers’ thought including Muslim fashion that is no longer clothes for covering body inaccordance with Islamic syariah. Narrative semiotics can be understood as effort of recounting or rereada subject from overall text or message to view narrative or plot from signs in this case, it is advertisement.Advertisement basically is assumed as a narrative that tells certain meanings therefore advertisement iscreated also published through media in order to influence readers. In Greimas’ opinion, advertisementis considered as text that has actant that becomes model or subject organizing plot in a text as destinator/sender, receiver, subject, object and also adjuvant even traitor/resistor. By using Greimasian semiotic,this research reveals latent meaning inside Muslim fashion advertisement that shows Muslim fashionproduced by Muslim house especially ZeaTM Zenura brand basically not only just communicating Muslimfashion advertisement but also constructing myths that the fashion is Muslim fashion for family and verysuitable to wear in special events such as Muslim celebration day, Idul Fitri 1433 H
Функции и семантика свадебных головных уборов женщин как часть материальной и духовной культуры тувинцев
Authors:   Tuvan State University (36, Lenin St., 667000 Kyzyl, Russian Federation), Aiyzhy Elena V. , Khovalyg Rolanda B. ,   Aldan-Maadyr National Museum of the Tyva Republic (30, Titov St., 667000 Kyzyl, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The article aims to study key types of Tuvan women’s wedding headdresses as signs associated with certain stages of the wedding ritual. Materials and methods. The research is mostly based on pre-revolutionary historical and ethnographic materials from the Aldan-Maadyr National Museum of Tuva and the authors’ field data. The method of historicism employed for the analysis proves helpful in capturing the elements of culture in dynamics. The work also uses the comparative typological and field research methods that are traditional enough for ethnography studies. Results. The paper analyzes historical, ethnographic, and folklore materials to reveal the semantics of the Tuvan traditional wedding ritual and identify symbolism of wedding headdresses and their semiotics, materials used for their manufacture and decoration, local variants in terms of pragmatism and specific characteristics. Conclusions. The research indicates that despite some differences in several parameters (presence or absence of a particular rite or its functional significance), the traditional wedding ritual across different territories of Tuva is characterized by commonality of their basic structural and typological components, including matchmaking (Tuv. kudalaashkin and kudalai koor), bride show (dugdeeshkin), and wedding proper (kuda-doi). Accordingly, wedding clothes from different districts of Tuva have common ritual elements along with some specific local peculiarities. So, the paper focuses on key types of headdresses once used in wedding rites.
Тувинская рукопись «Сутры о восьми хулилах»
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin Str., Elista 358000, Russian Federation), Mirzaeva Saglara V. 
Published: January 2022

The article aims to introduce a manuscript of the “Sūtra of Eight Khulils” in Mongolian, part of the collection in Aldan-Maadyr National Museum of the Tuva Republic. The idea of eight khulils, or eight trigrams, which symbolize eight great elements (fire, earth, metal, sky, water, mountain, wood, and air / wind) and form the basis of the Tibetan-Mongolian astrological system may be traced back to ancient Chinese divinatory practices which one can find in Yi jing, or Book of Changes. Despite the title, the Sūtra has nothing in common with canonical Mahāyāna sūtras either in content or composition. No parallel work of the Tibetan canon identified as an original for the sutra in question, assumingly, it is either a translation from Chinese or of purely Mongolian origin. The body of the text is preceded by schematic pictures of eight khulils, supplied with indications of eight directions (life, health, luck, happiness, evil, illness, evil spirit and five demons), each direction having eight combinations that are differently positioned (south, north, east, west and four intermediary directions), depending on khulil. Then, there is a short instruction on what one should or should not do in these eight directions, as well as an explanation of negative consequences of abiding in each of the eight khulils and methods of their neutralization. This passage contains a list of places and situations that should be avoided, including demons (albin, aišiginar (Skt. piśāca), bug demons, demons of curses, etc.) that can do harm to humans, diseases, unfavorable objects, beings, types of food, as well as unfavorable directions and time periods. Also, Buddhist texts and various offerings needed for the ritual are mentioned, such as “Vajravidāraņa-dharaṇī”, “Sitātapatrā-dharaṇī”, “Sutra of Eight Luminous of Heaven and Earth”, and “Paňcarakṣā”. Of great interest are the respective lists of Buddhist ritual texts, dungli and kereg ritual offerings, classifications of Bon and Buddhist priests to perform such rituals, and lamas who can take donations; their further investigation may shed additional light on the Buddhist practices of the Mongolian peoples. The fact that the manuscript repository of the National Museum of the Republic of Tuva includes about sixteen texts devoted to eight khulils may indicate that khulil divination was quite widespread and popular in the local tradition of Tuvan Buddhism.
Лингвистическое наследие А. Г. Бессонова как диалектный памятник башкирского языка начала ХХ в.
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics of the RAS (1/1, Bolshoi Kislovsky Lane, 125009 Moscow, Russian Federation), Ekba Zarema N. , Karimova Ramilya N. ,   Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the RAS (71, Oktyabrya Ave., 450054 Ufa, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2022

Goals. The article seeks to sum up Bashkir dialect features traced in early 20th century written monuments authored by the Russian scholar and missionary A. G. Bessonov. Results. Part One of the article discusses the main results of previous detailed analyses into linguistic data contained in the Alphabet Book for Bashkirs (Russ. Bukvar' dlya Bashkir, 1907). Phonetic, morphological, and morphonological elements cited indicate the use of two dialects comparable to the Argayash and Kyzyl subdialects of contemporary Eastern Bashkir. Besides, the edition under consideration contains a unique morphonological type of affixes characteristic of the Qatai subdialect. Part Two provides a first detailed linguistic analysis of language features inherent to Bessonov’s First Reader and First Lessons of Russian for Southeastern Bashkirs (1907). Phonetic, morphological, morphonological, and lexical patterns are compared to contemporary dialect forms examined in works on Bashkir dialectology, as well as to standard Bashkir. This scrupulous analysis at all linguistic levels shows the language of the monument largely approaches the Argayash subdialect, while some peculiar features of other Eastern Bashkir subdialects are also noticeable. Conclusions. The paper makes certain conclusions as to dialect affiliation of language patterns involved in the compilation of monuments under study. Special attention is paid to the significance of Bessonov’s works for the history of Bashkir linguistics and dialectology, as well as to his role in teaching literacy to Bashkirs.
Модели осложненных предложений с сопоставительными оборотами в хакасском языке
Authors:   Katanov Khakas State University (94, Lenin St., 655017 Abakan, Russian Federation), Chugunekova Aljona N. Chugunekova
Published: January 2022

Introduction. This article, based on the material of the Khakass language, describes models of complicated sentences with comparative constructions. Notably, many issues related to the description of complicated sentences in Khakass have not received proper coverage yet, which determines the relevance of this study. The article aims to identify and analyze the structural-semantic types, as well as ways of expressing complicated sentences with comparative constructions in the Khakass language. The research is based on a solid sample of examples from the texts of fiction of various genres, folklore, and journalistic texts, as well as recordings of oral speech. Results. The research shows that there are three types of complicated sentences in Khakass, including a comparative model based on the equality of compared features, a comparative-gradation model, and a substitution model. Each model is described in terms of its basic semantics and ways of formalizing the relationship between dependent and main parts, with specific examples illustrating their use. Each model varies in semantic and structural terms. The comparative model of equal features and the comparative-gradation model have two variants, the substitution model has five. In a comparative model based on equality of features, equal relations between two given events are expressed, while the comparison-gradation model compares the degree of significance of given events, with the action in the main part becoming significant. The substitution model may be of two types: substitutive per se and substitutive-preferential. In substitutive models proper, the actions of the main part do not meet the speaker’s expectation, while in the other model, preference is given to the main event.
В. Н. Татищев и вопросы улучшения экономического положения калмыцкого народа
Authors:   Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University (11, Pushkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Batmaev Maksim M. , Koltsov Pyotr M. , Murgaev Savr M. , Umgaev Semyon A.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. This article is devoted to the activities of Vasily Nikitich Tatishchev, when Astrakhan governor (1741–1745) responsible for the affairs of the Kalmyk steppes. It is aimed to examine his projects designed to amend the impoverishment of the broad masses of Kalmyks often left without their livestock, even without horses. The question was raised by Tatishchev himself; the governor was worried about its political implications because Kalmyks without horses were of no use for the Russian Empire. Materials and methods. The article is based on archival materials, as well as the historiography that sheds light on Tatishchev as the statesman and politician. Results. The governor repeatedly discussed the issues of the worsened social-economic situation of the people with the Kalmyk namestnik (leader) Donduk Dashi, both on official occasions and in private communication. He had various explanations for their economical degradation, pointing out the difference in the nomads’ situation of the 1840s as compared with that in Khan Ayuka’s time. His involvement in the issues concerning fishing and seasonal work of the impoverished Kalmyks shows that the governor seemed to be interested in helping them, but his projects to improve the Kalmyks’ socio-economic situation were largely unsuccessful. The reasons for the failure may be found both in the resistance of the Kalmyk rulers and zaisangs and the general weaknesses of the administration when dealing with the steppe affairs.
Система здравоохранения в Калмыцкой степи в начале ХХ в.
Authors:   Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University (11, Pushkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Komandzhaev Alexander N. , Komandzhaev Evgeny A. , Miymanbaeva Fyalka N. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University (71, Al-Farabi Ave., 050040 Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan)
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The article discusses the urgent issue of the development of health care in Kalmyk uluses in the early 20th century. Its relevance is obvious, granted the scarce historiography in the field: very little has been published on the subject, some recent papers describing briefly and schematically medical care offered to the Kalmyk nomad. Purpose and objectives. The article aims to analyze how Kalmyk health care services were developed in the Astrakhan provinces. Accordingly, the authors undertake the analysis of a variety of prevalent diseases in the region, the state of medical and paramedical care, and the activities of hospital facilities during the period. Materials and methods. The research is based on a complex of general scientific and historical methods. The principles of historicism and systematism help approach the issue in its development and interaction with other structural elements of the life of the Kalmyk society. Importantly, an interdisciplinary approach and the chronological method contribute to drawing a coherent picture of the multilateral process. The work is based on archival sources introduced for the first time; these are mostly office records of the Department for Kalmyk Affairs kept in the National Archive of Kalmykia. Results. Based on the available materials, the study sheds light on the development of the health care system in the Kalmyk uluses of the Astrakhan province in the early 20th century. It highlights the stages of development, characteristics, and the structural elements of health care: health care personnel, facilities and material basis, scale of activities, prevalence of endemic diseases, and methods of their control. Conclusions. During the period under study, Kalmyk nomads were provided with a functioning health care system. The steppe was divided into four medical districts headed by doctors, each ulus (also a number of aimags) having paramedics with dispensary and pharmacy with free dispensing of medicine to the sick. The system was able to deal with major epidemic diseases in the region, as well as at times prevent them.
EFFECTIVENESS OF CHEST PHYSIOTHERAPY AND EARLY MOBILISATION IN PATIENT WITH GUILLAIN-BARRÉ SYNDROME
Authors: Somaiya Kamya
Published: January 2022

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare disease in which the peripheral nerves are attacked by the immune system of a person. It can affect individuals of all ages, but it is more common in adults and in men. An infection to gut or respiratory system is thought to precede before Guillain-Barre syndrome. This may be an infection that is bacterial or viral. Vaccine administration or surgery can also cause Guillain-Barré syndrome. Weakness and tingling sensation are usually the first symptoms which starts in legs and can extend to upper limbs. Diagnosis is confirmed by symptoms and managed primarily by IV Immunoglobulins and plasmapheresis. Present case is a 28-year-old female came with history of weakness of lower extremities more than upper extremities. She was diagnosed as GBS based on symptoms, NCV and Lumbar Puncture. She was treated in ICU with IV Immunoglobulins and physiotherapy. She was given Chest Physiotherapy and early limb mobilizations in ICU which were continued in ward. After 8 days his SPO2 levels increased and bed mobility was improved. We conclude by this case report that early management will lead a path for long standing results and can help patient to gain faster recovery.
EFFICACY OF TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRIC NERVE STIMULATION ON GAIT TRAINING IN SUBJECTS WITH TIBIAL PLATEAU FRACTURE – A RANDOMISED CONTROL TRIAL
Authors: Phansopkar Pratik
Published: January 2022

Intra-articular fractures of the proximal tibia are commonly referred as tibial plateau fractures. They are quite common injuries and represent about 1% of all fractures in adult population. Conventional physiotherapy has been proved effective in increasing the range of motion as well as in making the patient functional but many patients encounter pain during the process of rehabilitation Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is electrotherapy modality most commonly used to manage pain by physiotherapists. A need exists to establish a relationship between the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in dynamic position on gait parameters in gait training. 44 subjects will be included in the study and divided in two groups Group A and Group B. Group A will receive conventional physiotherapy along with TENS while gait training. Group B will receive conventional physiotherapy. In this study the effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation at the time of gait training on the functional parameters pain and range of motion will be seen. Pain is one of the major problem patients faces at the time of gait training because of prolonged period of immobilization. If the pain is treated properly better functional ability can be seen. In this study we will be considering NPRS as the main outcome measure as pain is one of the causes of restricted range as well as the functional limitation. Conclusion will be drawn based on the outcome measures of the study and the statistical analysis.
SMARTPHONE APPLICATION FOR COMPUTING JOINT RANGE OF MOTION: A RELIABILITY TEST FOR ITS EFFICACY
Authors: Dhage Prasad P.
Published: January 2022

"Goniometry" is derived from two Greek words: Gonia, which means "angle," and Metron, which means "measure." The focus of the research is to see if a smartphone-based goniometer application for knee flexion range of motion was reliable. The technology of smartphones is one of the most often used alternatives. A literature evaluation of 12 studies showed that smartphone applications are sufficiently trustworthy to be employed in research and clinical practice. As ROM angulation is widely employed in treatment policy decisions, new measures have to be thoroughly tested before use in clinical practice. The study design used was an observational study. The participants were recruited using a simple random sampling method. The total number of participants was 100 in the age group between 20-60. With Universal Goniometer and Goniometer records, three certified physiotherapists measured maximum active knee flexion in a supine position. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS (version: 20) and the Bland Altman Test was used. Results revealed that a significant correlation was found between the application Goniometer Records (r=0.9409) and Universal Goniometer (r= 0.8149) methods for the mean of 3 trials. The application Goniometer records mean and the universal goniometer means were found to differ significantly by the two-tailed paired t-test. The ICC and 95% confidence interval (CI) for Smartphone Goniometer was 0.9409 (95% CI, 0.9133-0.9599) and that for Universal Goniometer was 0.8149 (95% CI, 0.7363-0.871). It could be concluded that the Goniometer Records demonstrated acceptable test-retest reliability. The Goniometer Records exhibited high reliability.
PHYTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METHANOL AND ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACTS OF CANANGA ODORATA FLOWERS AND THEIR PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: Niaci Sarah
Published: January 2022

This work aimed to investigate the phytochemical contents of methanol as well as ethyl acetate extracts from Cananga odorata flower and their activities against a skin acne bacterium - Propionibacterium acnes. Herein, methanol extract of C. odorata was sequentially partitioned using nhexane and ethyl acetate as solvents. Each extract was studied for its antibacterial activity against P. acnes bacteria. Antibacterial testing was conducted based on disc diffusion assay technique, where the discs were dripped with several variants of concentrations of C. odorata flower extract ranging from 0.5, 2, 4, 6, and 8%. The results showed that the ethyl acetate extract had a higher inhibition zone than the methanol extract. At a concentration of 0.5% ethyl acetate extract the diameter of the inhibition zone formed was 7.3 mm and at a concentration of 8% it was 14 mm. While the methanol extract at a concentration of 0.5% did not show antibacterial effect, but was active at a concentration of 8% with the inhibition diameter reaching 8.3 mm. The effect of extract concentration on the diameter of the inhibition zone is concentration-dependent. In conclusion, the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of C. odorata flowers had weak inhibitory activities against P. acnes.
QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF RELATED SUBSTANCES IN THE CLOBETASOL PROPIONATE IN TOPICAL CREAM DOSAGE FORM BY RP-HPLC
Authors: Raval Milin
Published: January 2022

The identification and control of impurities in drug substance and drug product is considered as very critical factor by regulatory agency for safe and effective use of Drug product for its intended use. A specific and sensitive Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method is developed and validated for the estimation of 11 specified impurities in Topical Clobetasol Propionate Cream. The chromatographic parameters for develop method are C18 column, proportion of Water: Methanol: Acetonitrile: Trifluoro acetic acid as mobile phase at flow rate of 1.2 ml/min and UV detection at 241 nm. The method is validated for parameters as specified in ICH guideline. Developed method is validated for range 0.05–0.75 μg/mL for which Linearity, accuracy and precision was proven with acceptable limits. Method is sensitive as established Limit of Detection (LOD), and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) are 0.02% and 0.06% respectively.
STUDY OF ANATOMICAL VARIATION OF ASTERION IN HUMAN DRY SKULLS AND ITS SURGICAL IMPORTANCE
Authors: Saravana Kumar S
Published: January 2022

Asterion is the meeting point of temporal, occipital, and parietal bones on the posterolateral surface of the skull. This point is surgically important in various posterior cranial fossa surgeries since it is a smaller delicate area where many vital structures are present. The Neurosurgeons have been doubtful about its accuracy due to population-based differences in its morphology and its location with relationship to sigmoid and transverse sinuses. In this study 100 (54 male & 46 female) adult skulls were measured to accurately the type of asterion, its distance from important bony landmarks, and also the nearby venous sinuses were measured. Our study revealed that type II (absence of sutural bones) is the commonest type when compared to type I (presence of sutural bones) asterion. The asterion was 4.82 ± 0.58 cm from the apex of the mastoid process on the right side and 4.70 ± 0.70 cm on the left. It was higher in males than in females, p-value being statistically significant (P = 0.00 & P = 0.02 for right & left sides respectively). The distance of asterion from supramastoid crest is 4.22 ± 0.73 cm on the right and 4.23+/-0.58 cm on the left. The distance in males is higher than in females. The position of the asterion in relation to transverse sinus was at the level of the transverse sinus in 74.67% of cases, and inferior to the asterion in 22.41%, and superior to the asterion in 2.92%. The measure taken reveals that the asterion is located either at the level or below the level of the transverse sinus in the majority of the cases. This information is useful to neurosurgeons to minimize the risk during posterior cranial fossa surgeries. This study is useful for anthropologists, forensic science experts for the determination of the sex of the skull along with other parameters.
STUDY ON LIPOPROTEIN (A) AND APO-LIPOPROTEIN RATIO ASSOCIATED WITH LOW GRADE INFLAMMATION IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Meera Shivasekar
Published: January 2022

Coronary artery disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in India. Lipoprotein (a) is a heterologous type of plasma lipoprotein particle with a neutral lipid core and a protein component composed of Apolipoprotein B subunits that are covalently bound to a unique protein known as Apolipoprotein (a). Lipoprotein (a) acts as a pro-inflammatory mediator and may increase the formation of plaque lesions in atherosclerosis. Elevated serum Lipoprotein (a) levels are associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease. This study aims to assess the level of lipoprotein (a) and Apo-lipoprotein ratio along with highly sensitive C-reactive protein in Coronary artery disease and Coronary artery disease subjects with diabetes patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted in SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre on Patients appearing the Department of Cardiology and Medicine. The study was conducted on 300 Patients in age group of ≤55years. After an overnight fasting, blood samples were taken for lipid profile and analyzed for Lipoprotein (a), Apo-lipoprotein B, Apo-lipoprotein A1, highly sensitive Creactive protein and Glycated hemoglobin. For Statistical analysis, Analysis of variance and Pearson's correlation was used. Mean levels of Lipoprotein (a), Apo-lipoprotein B, and hs-CRP showed a significant increase in Coronary artery disease and Coronary artery disease subjects with diabetes compared to the control (p
MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES, IN SILICO ADMET SCREENING OF SELECTED NOVEL AZETIDINE SUBSTITUTED NAPHTHALENE’S TARGETING PROTEASE ENZYME AGAINST SARS COV-19
Authors: Gomathy Subramanian
Published: January 2022

The emergence and dissemination of SARS COVID-19 has resulted in a high death rate, necessitating a large-scale search for viable antiSARS COVID-19 therapeutics. The binding mechanisms of 25 azetidines bearing naphthalene derivatives as Anti-SARS COVID-19 inhibitors, targeting protease enzyme via molecular docking, ADME and Toxicity Prediction (TOPKAT) investigations were investigated in this work, and they were compared to the FDA-approved medicine remdesivir. Compounds 22, 18, 17, 14 had the highest Lib Dock score among the 25 derivatives, with the X-ray crystallographic structure of M pro (PDB ID: 6LU7) revealing important interactions with residues Glu166, Gln192, Ala191, Thr190, Ser144, Cys145. These findings imply that these azetidine derivatives may be useful in the development of more effective anti-SARS COVID-19 agents. Keywords: Main protease enzyme, SARS COVID-19, Azetidines, Naphthalenes, In-silicoscreening
Salak dedari: “hidden gem” wisata kuliner di desa wisata sibetan, kabupaten karangasem, bali
Authors: Susanti Luh Eka , Hardina
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi strategi pemasaran salak Dedari sebagai salah satu hasil agrowisata dari desa Wisata Sibetan, Karangasem, Bali. Daerah ini terkenal akan agrowisatanya terutama dari hasil perkebunan salak. Terdapat banyak varian salak, dimana salah satunya adalah salak Dedari yang daging buahnya berwarna kemerahan. Warna ini merupakan ciri khas salak jenis ini yang tidak dimiliki oleh jenis salak lainnya. Selain dapat dimakan secara langsung, salak ini juga dapat dinikmati dengan cara mengkonsumi produk olahannya berupa kurma salak, teh kulit salak, kopi biji salak, wine salak, madu salak, pia salak, sup salak dan asinan salak. Namun, produk olahan ini kurang mendapat atensi dan animo wisatawan sebagai konsumen. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi (pasif), kuesioner dan wawancara dengan teknik purposive sampling dimana terdapat 100 informant dalam penelitian ini, Informan ini berasal dari wisatawan yang berkunjung ke agrowisata di desa Wisata Sibetan, masyarakat lokal, dan pelaku agrowisata termasuk pemilik dan petani. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data deskriptif kualitatif dan teknik analisis SOAR (Strength, Opportunity, Aspiration dan Result) yang merupakan strategi yang berpatokan pada hal-hal positif sebuah usaha untuk dikembangkan dan dijadikan keunggulan utama. Dari hasil observasi dan analisisnya, strategi pemasaran produk olahan salak Dedari ini memerlukan kerjasama yang terpadu dari beberapa pihak yaitu pemerintah setempat, pengelola agrowisata dan masyarakat lokal.
Integrasi faktor niat berkunjung wisatawan lokal di bali pada masa pandemi covid 19
Authors: Wardana Miko Andi , Parwati Komang Shanty Muni
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini membahas tentang peran pengetahuan wisatawan yang didapatkan dari media elektronik dan digital mengenai apa yang dilakukan oleh pengelola tempat wisata pada saat pandemic covid 19. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keterkaitan antara hubungan pengetahuan wisatawan terhadap sikap dan niat berkunjung, dan sikap terhadap niat berkunjung wisatawan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan skala pengukuran semantic differential. Jumlah sampel 100 responden calon wisatawan yang berkunjung. Sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan Smart-PLS. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan 1) pengetahuan berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap niat berkunjung, 2) pengetahuan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap sikap, 3) sikap wisatawan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap niat berkunjung wisatawan, 4) peran sikap terbukti sebagai pemediasi full hubungan pengetahuan terhadap niat berkunjung.
ANALYSIS OF EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT IN ONLINE OJEK DRIVERS IN BATAM CITY
Authors: Sentoso Antony , Dini Yuli Indah Fajar
Published: January 2022

The number of internet users in Indonesia has already reached 64% from the total of Indonesia citizens which is more than 175.4 millions. And in April 2020, the total number of ojek online drivers in Indonesia is estimated to be 4 million drivers. It becomes interesting to make a study about employee engagement on ojek online drivers because of their partnership relation with online transportation company which owns the application. Because ojek online drivers are also free to decide their own operational hours and they can join more than one application, Respondents taken for employee engagement study were obtained through random sampling conducted to ojek online drivers who operated in Batam City. The writer distributed hard copy of 300 questionnaires straight to the drivers who operate in the fields and also distributed the questionnaires by online using Google Form through whatsapp application. After doing the verification and outlier test to 417 respondent data, only 351 data were left for further analysis by using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 24. The result of the research described that reward and recognition, employee empowerment and leadership significantly have positive influence to the employee engagement of ojek online drivers to the owner of online transportation application.
Existence of positive solutions for the nonlinear fractional boundary value problems with p-Laplacian
Authors: Chakuvinga Tawanda , Topal Fatma
Published: January 2022

The monotone iterative technique, theory of fixed point index in a cone and
the Leggett-Williams fixed point theorem are applied to investigate the
existence and multiplicity of positive solutions for four boundary value
problems of nonlinear fractional differential equations with a p-Laplacian
point operator and infinite delay. Moreover, examples are presented to
illustrate a vast applicability of our main results.
Novel magnetic polymer/bentonite composite: Characterization and application for Re(VII) and W(VI) adsorption
Authors: Markovic Bojana , Stefanovic Ivan , Nastasovic Aleksandra , Sandic Zvjezdana , Surucic Ljiljana , Dapcevic Aleksandra , Dzunuzovic Jasna , Jaglicic Zvonko , Vukovic Zorica , Pavlovic Vladimir , Onjia Antonije
Published: January 2022

A novel magnetic polymer/bentonite composite was prepared by suspension
copolymerization of glycidyl methacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate
in the presence of magnetic bentonite (MB-PGME) and functionalized with
ethylene diamine and hexamethylene diamine (MB-PGME-ED and MB-PGME-HD). The
obtained samples were characterized in terms of structure as well as
thermal, magnetic and morphological properties. The sorption of rhenium (Re)
and tungsten (W) from aqueous solution onto MB-PGME-ED and MB-PGME-HD was
investigated considering their contact time and different initial ion
concentration, giving possibility for usage of these composites as
commercial sorbents. The sorption system follows the pseudo-second order and
intraparticle diffusion kinetic models. The results indicated a better fit
with the Freundlich isotherm model.
The influence of pH on electrochemical behavior of nicotine-clay based electrodes
Authors: Jovic-Jovicic Natasa , Mudrinic Tihana , Milutinovic-Nikolic Aleksandra , Bankovic Predrag , Mojovic Zorica
Published: January 2022

Montmorillonite based clay was acid activated. Nicotine was adsorbed on
untreated and acid activated clay from its aqueous solution at either pH=6
or pH=9.26 (unadjusted pH solution). The XRD analysis revealed that the 001
basal spacing of montmorillonite after nicotine adsorption was around 1.38
nm, regardless of clay treatment or pH of adsorption. The obtained values
for basal spacing indicate that nicotine is in monolayer arrangement. In
order to investigate electrochemical properties, untreated and acid
activated clay, with and without nicotine, were used as modifier of carbon
paste electrode. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy were employed to study electrochemical response of
clay-modified electrodes toward ferrocyanide probe. The nicotine-modified
untreated clay used as paste electrode showed enhanced electrochemical
response toward ferrocyanide probe in comparison to electrode based on clay
without nicotine. On the other hand, adsorbed nicotine on acid activate clay
resulted in lower electrode activity. Electrochemical response of adsorbed
nicotine was studied at different pH. Nicotine oxidation at each of
investigated samples followed the same trend regardless of clay treatment or
pH at which adsorption was performed. For all samples, nicotine oxidation
peak potential showed linear dependence on pH in pH range from 3.7 to 9.0,
with slopes close to the value of 59 mVdec-1 expected for equal number of
protons and electrons involved in the reaction. The nicotine reduction
process was best resolved at pH = 1 at potential around -1.35 V, while the
following cathodic wave observed at potential around -1.5 V was ascribed to
the cathodic hydrogen reduction. Mechanism of electrochemical oxidation was
not influenced by pH of adsorption, i.e., nicotine form. The amount of
adsorbed nicotine was not correlated with the electrochemical activity
suggesting that only small number of adsorbed nicotine was involved in
electrochemical response.
Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes in Individuals With a Psychiatric Disorder: A Nationwide Register-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Lindekilde Nanna , Scheuer Stine H. , Diaz Lars J. , Rubin Katrine H. , Plana-Ripoll Oleguer , Henriksen Jan Erik , Lasgaard Mathias , Andersen Gregers S. , Pouwer Frans
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

Previous studies have investigated the incidence of type 2 diabetes in individuals with psychiatric disorders, but most studies have focused on a specific psychiatric disorder or a selected sample. More population-based studies are needed to determine these associations in representative samples. We therefore aimed to determine these associations in a nationwide, register-based dynamic cohort study.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We analyzed data from 5,005,612 adults living in Denmark between 1995 and 2018, without prior diabetes. We investigated 10 different categories of psychiatric disorders and a composite group with any psychiatric disorder. Individuals with a psychiatric disorder were compared with individuals without using multivariable-adjusted Poisson regression to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) of type 2 diabetes. We modeled age-specific incidence rates (IR) for individuals with and without the specific psychiatric disorder. All models were stratified by sex.

RESULTS

In total, 334,739 individuals developed type 2 diabetes during follow-up. For all investigated categories of psychiatric disorders, we found increased IR of type 2 diabetes for individuals with versus those without a psychiatric disorder (IRR: men, 1.47 [95% CI 1.45–1.50]; women, 1.65 [95% CI 1.62–1.68]). When we examined age-specific IR, the largest differences were found in the younger population (<50 years).

CONCLUSIONS

We found that the IR of type 2 diabetes was higher in individuals with a psychiatric disorder compared with individuals without a psychiatric disorder and particularly high in the younger people with a psychiatric disorder. New studies into the prevention and early detection of type 2 diabetes in these groups are warranted.
Inflammation, Hyperglycemia, and Adverse Outcomes in Individuals With Diabetes Mellitus Hospitalized for COVID-19
Authors: Vasbinder Alexi , Anderson Elizabeth , Shadid Husam , Berlin Hanna , Pan Michael , Azam Tariq U. , Khaleel Ibrahim , Padalia Kishan , Meloche Chelsea , O’Hayer Patrick , Michaud Erinleigh , Catalan Tonimarie , Feroze Rafey , Blakely Pennelope , Launius Christopher , Huang Yiyuan , Zhao Lili , Ang Lynn , Mikhael Monica , Mizokami-Stout Kara , Pennathur Subramaniam , Kretzler Matthias , Loosen Sven H. , Chalkias Athanasios , Tacke Frank , Giamarellos-Bourboulis Evangelos J. , Reiser Jochen , Eugen-Olsen Jesper , Feldman Eva L. , Pop-Busui Rodica , Hayek Salim S.
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for reasons that are unclear.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We leveraged the International Study of Inflammation in COVID-19 (ISIC), a multicenter observational study of 2,044 patients hospitalized with COVID-19, to characterize the impact of DM on in-hospital outcomes and assess the contribution of inflammation and hyperglycemia to the risk attributed to DM. We measured biomarkers of inflammation collected at hospital admission and collected glucose levels and insulin data throughout hospitalization. The primary outcome was the composite of in-hospital death, need for mechanical ventilation, and need for renal replacement therapy.

RESULTS

Among participants (mean age 60 years, 58.2% males), those with DM (n = 686, 33.5%) had a significantly higher cumulative incidence of the primary outcome (37.8% vs. 28.6%) and higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers than those without DM. Among biomarkers, DM was only associated with higher soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) levels in multivariable analysis. Adjusting for suPAR levels abrogated the association between DM and the primary outcome (adjusted odds ratio 1.23 [95% CI 0.78, 1.37]). In mediation analysis, we estimated the proportion of the effect of DM on the primary outcome mediated by suPAR at 84.2%. Hyperglycemia and higher insulin doses were independent predictors of the primary outcome, with effect sizes unaffected by adjusting for suPAR levels.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that the association between DM and outcomes in COVID-19 is largely mediated by hyperinflammation as assessed by suPAR levels, while the impact of hyperglycemia is independent of inflammation.
“I’m Going to Be Good to Me”: Exploring the Role of Shame and Guilt in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Solomon Ellen , Salcedo Venise J. , Reed Megan K. , Brecher Alison , Armstrong Elizabeth M. , Rising Kristin L.
Published: January 2022

Objective

People with type 2 diabetes are likely to experience shame or guilt as they navigate through their disease. Previous research has shown that feelings of shame and guilt often exist within the clinician-patient relationship, often as a result of the complex care regimen required to achieve treatment goals. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore patients’ experiences of shame and guilt in type 2 diabetes management and the impact their clinicians have on these experiences.

Methods

Semistructured interviews were used to explore patients’ experiences with shame and guilt. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded using directed content analysis. Demographic data were also obtained.

Results

We completed 20 interviews with people with type 2 diabetes (65% Black, 70% female). Participants exhibited feelings more consistent with guilt than with shame. All participants discussed how their clinicians affected these feelings. Patients who expressed feelings of guilt were able to recognize opportunities for behavior change without experiencing global devaluation, in which they linked their actions to an unchangeable aspect of their identity or personality, often describing their guilt as motivating of change. Unlike guilt, when patients experienced shame, they often exhibited global devaluation, in which they blamed their personality, experienced hopelessness, and increased maladaptive behaviors.

Conclusion

Our findings highlight a notable difference between shame and guilt in the context of type 2 diabetes management. We believe that incorporation of an understanding of these nuances, along with ideal responses to both shame and guilt, will enhance clinicians’ ability to provide high-quality patient-centered care to people with diabetes.
Repeated metal ion measurements and long-term outcome of Durom/MMC total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Pietiläinen Sakari , Smedberg Erno , Laaksonen Inari , Venäläinen Mikko S , Lankinen Petteri , Mäkelä Keijo T
Published: January 2022

Background and purpose — Data regarding long-term behavior of metal ion levels in metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty (MoM THA) patients is scarce. Therefore, we assessed whether there is any change in whole blood (WB) chromium (Cr), and cobalt (Co) ion measurements in Durom and MMC MoM THA patients over time. The secondary aim was to report the clinical outcomes using these devices in a single district.
Patients and methods — Durom and MMC cups were used in 249 MoM THAs from 2005 to 2011 in our district. Median follow-up time was 12 years for Durom THA (interquartile range [IQR] = 3) and 9 years for MMC THA (IQR = 1). A random coefficient model was used to compare individual differences in repeated WB Cr and Co ion measurements. The Kaplan–Meier estimator was used to analyze implant survival with any reason for revision as the endpoint.
Results — Geometric means of Cr in Durom THA and MMC THA patients decreased from 2.2 ppb (geometric standard deviation [SD] = 1.9) to 1.5 ppb (geometric SD = 2.5, p< 0.001) and from 1.8 ppb (geometric SD = 1.8) to 1.1 ppb (geometric SD = 2.8, p = 0.01) respectively. The geometric means of Co values remained unchanged. The 10-year survival of Durom THA was 82%, and that of MMC THA 89% for any revision reason as endpoint.
Interpretation — WB Cr levels decreased over time, and Co levels remained unchanged at long-term follow-up. Despite this we recommend continuing the follow-up of these devices due to relatively low implant survival.
Urinary uric acid to creatinine ratio as a marker of perinatal asphyxia and its correlation with arterial blood gas values
Authors: Sharma Priya , Devimeenakshi Krishnaswami
Published: January 2022

Objective Perinatal asphyxia is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Lack of facilities like arterial blood gas analysis in resource limited settings warrants cost effective methods to support the diagnosis of asphyxia. The study objectives were to evaluate the utility of urinary uric acid to creatinine ratio (UA/Cr ratio) as a marker of perinatal asphyxia and to ascertain its correlation with cord blood arterial blood gas values. Methods It was a prospective comparative study where cases and controls were of asphyxiated neonates and normal neonates respectively delivered in a tertiary care medical college hospital from April 2019 to September 2019. Urinary UA/Cr ratio and its correlation with Apgar score was determined. The ability to predict asphyxia was estimated by ROC curve and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results Data from 38 asphyxiated and 38 normal neonates were analyzed. The mean urinary UA/Cr ratio was higher in the asphyxiated babies. There was negative correlation between urinary UA/Cr ratio and pH, pO2, Apgar scores and positive correlation with pCO2. The urinary UA/Cr ratio had excellent predictive validity for perinatal asphyxia determined by ROC curve. The urinary uric acid /creatinine ratio had sensitivity of 92.11% and specificity was 92.11%. Conclusion Urinary uric acid to creatinine ratio correlated well with the cord blood arterial blood gas values and the Apgar scores. This study showed that there is a significant increase in the urinary UA/Cr ratio in asphyxiated neonates and it can be used as a biochemical marker of perinatal asphyxia.