bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extreme Rainfall and Flood Risk Prediction over the East Coast of South Africa
Authors: Mashao Frederick M. , Mothapo Mologadi C. , Munyai Rendani B. , Letsoalo Josephine M. , Mbokodo Innocent L. , Muofhe Tshimbiluni P. , Matsane Willem , Chikoore Hector
Published: December 2022

Extreme rainfall associated with mid-tropospheric cut-off low (COL) pressure systems affected the entire east coast of South Africa during April 2022, leading to flooding and destruction of homes, electricity power lines, and road infrastructure, and leaving 448 people confirmed dead. Therefore, this study investigated the evolution of the two COLs and their impacts, including the occurrence of extreme rainfall and cold weather over the southeast coast of the country. We analysed observed and reanalysis meteorological data and mapped areas at risk to impacts of flood hazards on the east coast of South Africa. Extreme rainfall (>500 mm) accumulated over 16 days was observed along the east coast, with the amount of rainfall progressively decreasing inland. We found that the rainfall associated with the first COL was significantly enhanced by the interactions between a strong low-level onshore airflow across the Agulhas Current and the coastal escarpment, resulting in deep convection and lifting. An unusual surface cyclone with tropical characteristics developed over the subtropical southwest Indian Ocean, driving onshore southeasterly winds which enhanced low-level convergence. Moreover, the flood risk results revealed that, amongst others, land cover/use (52.8%), elevation (16.8%) and lithology (15.5%) were the most important flood predictor variables in this study. Much of the study area was found to have very low (28.33%), low (31.82%), and moderate (21.66%) flood risk, whilst the high- and very-high-risk areas accounted for only 17.5% of the total land area. Nonetheless, the derived flood risk map achieved an acceptable level of accuracy of about 89.9% (Area Under Curve = 0.899). The findings of this study contribute to understanding extreme rainfall events and the vulnerability of settlements on South Africa’s east coast to flood risk, which can be used towards natural disaster risk reduction.
Microplastics in the Ecosystem: An Overview on Detection, Removal, Toxicity Assessment, and Control Release
Authors: Pandey Bhamini , Pathak Jigyasa , Singh Poonam , Kumar Ravinder , Kumar Amit , Kaushik Sandeep , Thakur Tarun Kumar
Published: December 2022

In recent decades, the accumulation and fragmentation of plastics on the surface of the planet have caused several long-term climatic and health risks. Plastic materials, specifically microplastics (MPs; sizes < 5 mm), have gained significant interest in the global scientific fraternity due to their bioaccumulation, non-biodegradability, and ecotoxicological effects on living organisms. This study explains how microplastics are generated, transported, and disposed of in the environment based on their sources and physicochemical properties. Additionally, the study also examines the impact of COVID-19 on global plastic waste production. The physical and chemical techniques such as SEM-EDX, PLM, FTIR, Raman, TG-DSC, and GC-MS that are employed for the quantification and identification of MPs are discussed. This paper provides insight into conventional and advanced methods applied for microplastic removal from aquatic systems. The finding of this review helps to gain a deeper understanding of research on the toxicity of microplastics on humans, aquatic organisms, and soil ecosystems. Further, the efforts and measures that have been enforced globally to combat MP waste have been highlighted and need to be explored to reduce its potential risk in the future.
Distribution Pattern of Dioxins in Sediment Cores from the Xiangxi River, a Tributary of Three Gorges Reservoir, China
Authors: Zhou Bei , Zhu Kongxian , Bi Yonghong , Henkelmann Bernhard , Bernhöft Silke , Mi Wujuan , Schramm Karl-Werner
Published: December 2022

Sediment cores were collected from the Xiangxi River, a tributary of the Three Gorges Reservoir, the deposition time in the longest sediment core (90 cm) was measured by radiometry (137Cs, 210Pb) activities and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furan (PCDD/F) concentrations in different depths of the sediment core were measured. The results indicated that the mean deposition rate was 1.01 cm/a. The total PCDD/F concentrations ranged from 19.28 to 70.07 pg/g d.w. with a mean of 35.06 pg/g d.w. PCDD/Fs in the 1960–1990s were higher than others, which were significantly different in the various layers and cores (p < 0.05). PCDD occupied 63.42–87.33% of PCDD/Fs, and octachlorianted debenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) was the predominant congener. The ratio of PCDD to PCDF was 2.26–8.08. PCDD/Fs significantly correlated with total organic carbon (TOC) (p < 0.01). The toxic equivalent (TEQ) ranged from 0.15 to 0.98 pg/g d.w. No significant difference was found in TEQ (p > 0.05). It was concluded that the spatio-temporal heterogeneity determined by hydrodynamics and total organic carbon (TOC) was the distribution pattern of PCDD/Fs in the sediment cores of Xiangxi River, the concentrations of PCDD/Fs were low, with a low environmental pollution risk, and by-products of sodium pentachlorophenate might be the main source.
Stress Estimation of Concrete Dams in Service Based on Deformation Data Using SIE–APSO–CNN–LSTM
Authors: Tao Liang , Zheng Dongjian , Wu Xin , Chen Xingqiao , Liu Yongtao , Chen Zhuoyan , Jiang Haifeng
Published: December 2022

The stress behavior of key parts of concrete dams is related to the safe operation of the dam. However, the stress sensors in concrete are susceptible to aging and failure with increasing service life. Estimating the structural stress under sensor failure or data loss scenarios for concrete dams in service is essential and complex. This study presents a stress estimation method driven by the observation data. Firstly, a one-to-one correspondence exists between dam deformation reflecting the load effect and structural stress. Estimating the structural stress by simulating load effects with dam deformation is more convenient when it is hard to simulate complex load effects directly. Therefore, based on the observed data before stress sensor failure, the spatial–temporal relationship between structure stress and multi-point deformations of a concrete dam is developed using convolutional neural networks (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM). An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm combined with swarm information entropy (SIE–APSO) is proposed simultaneously for tuning the network’s hyperparameter and accelerating the convergence. Finally, the stress estimation of the target part of the concrete dam in service is obtained. The case shows that it is valid and feasible. The RMSE decreased by approximately 21–58%, MAPE decreased by 19–58%, and ARV decreased by 22–94% compared with the load-stress relationship model.
Macroplastics in Lakes: An Underrepresented Ecological Problem?
Authors: Cera Alessandra , Gallitelli Luca , Scalici Massimiliano
Published: December 2022

Lakes are the greatest reserve of available superficial inland fresh water and concurrently one of the most threatened ecosystems. Among the many pollutants, plastics contaminate lakes worldwide; notwithstanding that, little is known on the impacts of macroplastics. The aim of this work is to provide the first global overview of scientific articles researching macroplastic pollution in lakes. Articles were selected from Web of Science and Scopus databases. We performed a bibliometric analysis of the results on the publication trend, geographical distribution of study areas, investigated matrix (i.e., water, sediment, biota), as well as abundance and type (i.e., shape, litter category, polymer) of lacustrine macroplastics. We also compared the articles’ methodologies. Fourteen articles were collected (the publication trend is increasing in recent years), showing a diffuse contamination by macroplastics. Research efforts are mostly focused on shoreline assessments. There is a lack of information and methodological standardisation (i.e., macroplastic size definition, sampling protocol, shape, litter categories), which limits the comparison of article outputs. We propose the definition of lacustrine macroplastics as plastics >5 mm and the adoption of the UNEP/IOC protocol to sample lake shoreline. We suggest focusing future investigations on (1) testing the methodological standardisation, (2) understanding the factors influencing macroplastic dispersal, and (3) assessing the impacts on biota.
Experimental Design and Bioassays as Tools to Investigate the Impact of Anodic Oxidation on Progestins Degradation
Authors: de Jesus Juliana Mendonça Silva , Argolo Allan dos Santos , Tominaga Flávio Kiyoshi , Taqueda Maria Elena , Bila Daniele Maia , Borrely Sueli Ivone , Teixeira Antonio Carlos Silva Costa
Published: December 2022

The present study investigated the degradation of levonorgestrel (LNG) and gestodene (GES) through an anodic oxidation process mediated by active chlorine species. The independent variables [LNG]0 and [GES]0, current density (mA cm−2), and [NaCl]0 (mol L−1) were optimized through a response surface methodology (RSM) based on a four-level central composite design (CCD). Specific energy consumption allowed CCD-RSM analysis and optimization. The decay of progestins was followed to verify the kinetics of the anodic degradation process. Chlorine monitoring showed that excess Cl− concentration did not mean high hormones removal, as well as the excess of current density. Central point conditions ([NaCl]0 = 0.07 mol L−1, j = 32.5 mA cm−2, [LNG]0, and [GES]0 1.0 mg L−1) proved to be the best operational option. The performance with real pharmaceutical wastewater confirmed model optimization (2.2 ± 0.2 kWh g−1, with removals of 83.1 ± 0.9% and 75.1 ± 2.8% for LNG and GES, respectively). The selected condition was used for estrogenic activity and acute toxicity assays. The first allowed the identification of the initial estrogenic activity for the mixture of LNG and GES (924 E2-EQ ng L−1). Additionally, the electrochemical process could decrease this environmental parameter by 74.6%. The progestin mixture was classified as acute toxicity to Daphnia similis, with a toxicity unit (TU) of 2.5 100/EC50%. After electrolysis, the hormone solutions reached a fourfold increase in TU value, classified as high acute toxicity.
Transcriptomic Analysis of Ulva prolifera in Response to Salt Stress
Authors: Zhuo Jintao , Wang Hong , Du Yifei , Shi Mengmeng , Huan Li , Wang Guangce
Published: December 2022

Since 2007, Ulva prolifera, a green macroalgal species that blooms periodically in the Yellow Sea of China, has caused the world’s biggest green tide, which induced harmful ecological impacts and economic losses. When the alga is subject to prolonged exposure to air, it suffers abiotic stresses. To explore the physiological and molecular mechanisms of salt stress, the transcriptome data of U. prolifera at different salinities (30, 50, and 90 psu) were obtained by high-throughput sequencing using the Illumina HiSeq platform, and photosynthetic physiological parameters were also measured. The results showed that a total of 89,626 unigenes were obtained after de novo assembly, of which 60,441 unigenes were annotated in the databases (NR, NT, KO, SWISS-PROT, PFAM, GO, and KOG). GO functional enrichment analysis revealed that the enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was mainly in cellular, cell, and binding processes. KEGG metabolic pathway enrichment analysis showed that the most frequently enriched pathways of DEGs included glycolysis, pyruvate metabolism, peroxisome, and fatty acid biosynthesis. In addition, resistance-associated proteins, such as heat-shock proteins, microtubule-associated proteins, ubiquitin-associated proteins, abscisic-acid-signaling-pathway-associated proteins, and antioxidant-related proteins are upregulated under salt stress. Genes associated with photosynthesis and carbon fixation pathways are also upregulated, accompanied by an increase in photosynthetic oxygen release rates. These findings provide a basis for understanding the molecular mechanisms of the response of U. prolifera to salinity change, thus providing a theoretical basis for the analysis of the green tide outbreak mechanism.
A Comparative Approach to Detect Macrobenthic Response to the Conversion of an Inshore Mariculture Plant into an IMTA System in the Mar Grande of Taranto (Mediterranean Sea, Italy)
Authors: Borghese Jacopo , Musco Luigi , Arduini Daniele , Tamburello Laura , Del Pasqua Michela , Giangrande Adriana
Published: December 2022

The expected bioremediation effect, driven by the conversion of an inshore mariculture plant into an Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) system, which could mitigate the fish farm impact, related to the accumulation of organic matter on the seabed, has been studied. The ecological quality status was studied following a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) design and variation measured through M-AMBI and compared with the results of univariate and multivariate analyses of variance, to evaluate the sensitivity of the two methodologies. Results from M-AMBI indicated a sharp change in the ecological quality status, just after one year of the conversion of the plant. By contrast, although changes were detected also utilizing univariate and multivariate statistical analysis, the natural temporal variability characterizing the area partially masked evidence of environmental amelioration.
Microalgae-Enabled Wastewater Treatment: A Sustainable Strategy for Bioremediation of Pesticides
Authors: Goh Pei Sean , Lau Woei Jye , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi , Samawati Zahra , Liang Yong Yeow , Kanakaraju Devagi
Published: December 2022

Pesticides have been identified as major contaminants of various waterways. Being classified as potential endocrine disrupting compounds, pesticides in aqueous system are highly hazardous to aquatic organisms and the ecosystem. The treatment of pesticide-containing wastewater can be performed through several means, but a wastewater treatment strategy which emphasizes both treatment efficiency and sustainability is a necessity of current time. In this context, bioremediation has been increasingly promoted as an alternative technique for the remediation of diverse pollutants. Particularly, bioremediation which involves the utilization of microalgae for the removal or conversion of pesticides to the harmless or less harmful compounds is becoming a trend. Exploiting microalgae as a tool for wastewater treatment presents multiple advantages over conventional treatment technologies, which include an opportunity to simultaneously treat pesticide-containing wastewater and nutrient recovery for microalgae cultivation as well as less formation of toxic sludge. This review discusses the roles of microalgae in mitigating pesticide pollution issue, while offering an opportunity for nutrient recovery from various wastewater sources. Based on the current laboratory studies, the use of microalgae bioremediation as a promising strategy for pesticide treatment has been rationalized. The establishment of more pilot scale studies is highly encouraged to further facilitate the implementation of this treatment approach for practical application.
An Experimental Study of Roughness Elements to Design Fixed-Bed Hydraulic Model—A Step-by-Step Process and an Application in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Chau Kim , Vo Hoang Cong , La Hien Phu , Le Binh Thi Hoa , Dang Nguyen Dong , Le Trung Nguyen , Tran Vu , Hoang Thuat Duc
Published: December 2022

The calibration of the water level in a hydraulic model experiment is a time-consuming task. In this study, the authors proposed a guide to adjust the water level in the fixed-bed hydraulic experiment, by establishing a connection between the water level increase (ΔZ) in the model with other factors such as roughness diameter (d), roughness density (s), and flow velocity (v). Based on the results of 105 model experiments with different d, s, and v, the study also suggested a process to design a model experiment. The results of the study were used to build a fixed-bed hydraulic experiment for a river section passing through the Ialy hydropower plant in Vietnam. The results showed that after 01 time of implementation, the water level in the experiment was close to the observed water level. The differences between the calculated and measured water levels have been significantly reduced, from 0.027–0.036 m to 0.003–0.008 m. This finding shows that the approach of the study saves time and effort in the process of setting up a hydraulic experiment.
Potential Submerged Macrophytes to Mitigate Eutrophication in a High-Elevation Tropical Shallow Lake—A Mesocosm Experiment in the Andes
Authors: Portilla Karen , Velarde Elizabeth , Decaestecker Ellen , Teixeira de Mello Franco , Muylaert Koenraad
Published: December 2022

Submerged macrophytes promote water clarity in shallow lakes in temperate regions via zooplankton refuge, allelopathy, and nutrient competition with phytoplankton, thereby increasing zooplankton grazing. However, in high-altitude Andean ecosystems, these interactions in shallow lakes have received far less attention. To understand the role of submerged plants in a relatively cold ecosystem (typical for the Andean region), two 100 L experiments were conducted in Yahuarcocha Lake, which has a permanent cyanobacterial bloom. In our first experiment, we evaluated the response of the cyanobacteria bloom to different concentrations of Egeria densa (15%, 35%, and 45% PVI). In the second experiment, we investigated the interactions between E. densa (35% PVI), zooplankton, and the small-sized fish Poecilia reticulata as well as their impacts on phytoplankton. We found a strong reduction in cyanobacteria in the presence of E. densa, whereas P. reticulata promoted cyanobacteria dominance and zooplankton had a null effect on phytoplankton. Remarkably, the combination of E. densa, fish, and zooplankton substantially reduced the algae. Our findings showed that the cyanobacteria bloom decreased in the presence of E. densa, thereby increasing the water clarity in the high-elevation eutrophic ecosystem in the Andes. This effect depended on the plant volume inhabited and the small-sized fish biomass.
Spinel-Ferrite-Decorated Graphene-Based Nanocomposites for Enhanced Photocatalytic Detoxification of Organic Dyes in Aqueous Medium: A Review
Authors: Mishra Subhasish , Acharya Rashmi , Parida Kulamani
Published: December 2022

The contamination of organic dye molecules in aquatic environments caused by the effluents released from vast industrial establishments has been a matter of serious concern in recent years, owing to their strong non-biodegradable nature and acute toxicity. Semiconductor-mediated visible-light-driven photocatalytic-dye detoxification is considered as a sustainable technique because it abundantly utilizes the available solar energy and releases environmentally friendly chemicals such as H2O as byproducts. Adequate textural and microstructural properties, an extended visible-light response, pronounced isolation and transfer of photoinduced charge carriers, and facile magnetic-separation characteristics make spinel-ferrite-decorated graphene or its analogues’ (GO/rGO) nanocomposites (MFGNs) a versatile photocatalytic system for the efficacious detoxification of dyes. Therefore, this review article emphasizes their exceptional photodegradation performance in terms of systematic studies of the above-mentioned features, after a brief description of the synthesis protocols. The mechanism of the photodetoxification of dyes over MFGNs is precisely demonstrated in three different sections based on their redox abilities. The kinetics of the MFGN-driven photodecomposition of dyes are then highlighted. We discuss the role of different parameters such as pH, temperature, catalyst dose, and dye concentration in augmented photocatalytic-dye-degradation reactions. Finally, the emerging challenges that act as hurdles in achieving superior photocatalytic-dye-detoxification performance are addressed, along with the conclusion. We then propose some possible future research directions in order to overcome these challenges, for impressively accomplishing the photodegradation of organic dyes.
Origin of Groundwater Salinity in the Draa Sfar Polymetallic Mine Area Using Conservative Elements (Morocco)
Authors: Ait Lemkademe Anasse , Michelot Jean-Luc , Benkaddour Abdelfattah , Hanich Lahoucine , Heddoun Ouissal
Published: December 2022

In the Marrakech region of Morocco, where water resources are particularly limited, excessive salinity has been measured in the water from some wells intended for human consumption and irrigation. Moreover, the start-up of a mine for the exploitation of a polymetallic sulfide deposit and the progress of the exploitation work have revealed the existence of very saline deep groundwater with a total mineralization of over 80 g/L. The hydrogeochemical study using conservative elements has helped to understand the origin of the groundwater salinity in the Draa Sfar mine and to assess the contribution of the deep salinity source to the high salinities observed in the mine. The groundwater of the shallow aquifer shows almost constant Br−/Cl− and Na+/Cl− ratios, independent of the chloride content. The constant ratios of these conservative elements indicate a single autochthonous origin of Cl−, Br− and Na+, and groundwater salinity is diluted by recharge water containing low concentrations of these elements. Regarding the mine groundwater, the high Li+/Cl− ratio and Br−/Cl− ratios in the range measured on the leachates of the rocks extracted from the mine indicate that the pore water is the reservoir for dissolved chloride and the salinity of the mine’s groundwater results from a mixture between these pore waters and fresh meteoric water that seeps in from the surface and recharges the entire aquifer. This porewater would be a remnant of the hydrothermal fluids that formed the sulfide deposit.
The role of urokinase, T-cadherin, and adiponectin in the develop - ment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and Alzheimer’s disease (literature review)
Authors:   FSBEI HPE Lomonosov Moscow State University, FSBEI HE A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Tsygankov B.D. , Karagyaur M.N. ,   FSBEI HPE Lomonosov Moscow State University, Primak A.L. ,   FSBEI HPE Lomonosov Moscow State University, Sheleg D.A. ,   FSBEI HPE Lomonosov Moscow State University, Neyfeld E.A. ,   FSBEI HPE Lomonosov Moscow State University, FSBEI HE A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Published: December 2022

Genetic predisposition to mental and neurodegenerative diseases may be due to mutations or polymorphisms of genes involved in the functioning and morphogenesis of the brain: the balance of monoamines and the action of navigational molecules and their receptors. The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is an important participant in the processes that regulate neurogenesis. In particular, uPAR regulates the growth trajectory of axons. An increase in the level of soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is observed in patients with schizophrenia compared with the healthy population. On the contrary, in patients with bipolar disorder in the manic and depressive phases, as well as in patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease, uPAR levels decrease. Molecules of the cadherin superfamily are involved in the formation and development of the nervous system, the transmission of intercellular signals, and the regulation of nerve cell lasticity. Studies have shown that changes in the CDH12, CDH13, CDH18, and CDH23 genes are associated with the development of schizophrenia, while CDH7, CDH13 and CDH18 are associated with the development of bipolar disorder, and N-cadherin and CDH13 are associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease. Adiponectin is a hormone secreted by adipose tissue. One of the adiponectin receptors, AdipoR2, stimulates neuronal plasticity and inhibits inflammation and oxidative stress. Patients with schizophrenia show increased levels of adiponectin, which plays a unique pro-inflammatory role in this model. In patients with bipolar disorder, there is a decrease in adiponectin levels during the depressive phase. In patients with Alzheimer's disease, a decrease in adiponectin levels contributes to the progression of the disease and accelerates the onset of cognitive impairment. Understanding the role of navigational molecules, in particular urokinase, T-cadherin, and their ligands (adiponectin, etc.) in the processes of morphogenesis, leading to incorrect laying of the brain, will make it possible not only to predict the likelihood of developing mental disorders, but also to carry out their timely prevention, determine the most appropriate therapeutic strategy depending on the form of the disease, and to develop efective methods of etiotropic and pathogenetic therapy.
Epidemiology and semiotics of the Kimmerle anomaly. Literature review
Authors:   Scientific Research Institute for Emergency Care named after N. V. Sklifosovskiy, Alekhin E. E. , Lukyanchikov V. A. ,   Scientific Research Institute for Emergency Care named after N. V. Sklifosovskiy, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A. I. Evdokimov, UNIСlinic, Lvov I. S. ,   Scientific Research Institute for Emergency Care named after N. V. Sklifosovskiy, Roshchin S. Yu. ,   Scientific Research Institute for Emergency Care named after N. V. Sklifosovskiy
Published: December 2022

Кimmerle anomaly is a variant of the first cervical vertebra, which is an additional bone arch extending from the posterolateral part of the lateral mass of the atlas, above the groove of the vertebral artery to the posterior arch, as well as ossification of a part of the atlanto-occipital ligament. The calcified ligaments form a partial or complete bony arch, which is variously called " foramen arcuale», "ponticulus posticus» or «Kimmerle anomaly». The analysis of domestic and foreign literature sources showed that at present the incidence and clinical manifestations in patients with Kimmerle anomaly have not been sufficiently studied and require further study.
Study the Effect of Reinforcing Kevlar Fibers with Carbon Fibers and Glass Fibers on the Performance of the Athletic Prosthetic Foot
Authors: Talla Hayder , Hassan Abdul Kareem , Oleiwi Jawad
Published: December 2022

In this research, the mechanical properties were studied from the experimental, theoretical, and numerical aspects of the sports prosthetic foot for the purpose of providing a sporty prosthetic limb with high performance, easy to use and an appropriate financial cost to use by amputees who have lost their lower limbs (amputation below the knee) in practicing their sports activities and overcoming physical disability. The dimensions of the blades were calculated based on side profiles from European patent specifications. The chosen fibers have high strength, are light in weight, and can be purchased for a lower price than the materials that are used in the production of the sports prosthetic feet that are already on the market and are produced by specialized companies such as Ottobock and Ossur. Six laminates of the composite material consisting of matrix orthocryl lamination 80:20 pro reinforced with different fibers (Kevlar fibers, carbon fibers, glass fibers, and perlon fibers) were fabricated in the form of rectangles using the vacuum system and then cut to the required dimensions using a CNC machine. The density and volume fraction of the samples and the use of the rule of mixtures to calculate the mechanical properties of the laminates were calculated and entered into the ANSYS program. Then the boundary conditions were applied to the athlete's prosthetic foot and the total deformation, and the total strain energy was calculated to find out the best laminates in the athlete's foot industry. It was noticed that the laminates reinforced with carbon fibers were better than the laminates reinforced with glass fibers in terms of Young’s Modulus, as well as deformation. The best laminate obtained is (12 K + 4 C).
Using Security Centre in Indoor Internet of Things
Authors: Samara Ghasan , Abu Munshar Hussam , Quddoura Ruzayn
Published: December 2022

The Internet of things (IoT) facilitated various aspects of people’s daily lives. In simple terms, the IoT refers to the connection of sensors, actuators, and devices to a network by which they can interact with each other and their users. It is a practical model that works on connecting a group of sensors and actuators that form a network that works to carry out several tasks, such as collecting information from the surrounding environment and processing it and providing the beneficiary of the network with this critical information is used in many cases in making important decisions and missions. Over time, the importance of IoT will increase due to its use in many fields. This technology is expected to become an essential milestone in developing many sectors and sciences.
Therefore, to benefit from IoT technology, security in the IoT must focus on raising its efficiency. The security of IoT is a big challenge because of its complexity, heterogeneity, and a large number of related resources. It is necessary to improve security protocols to guarantee IoT connection and ensure all devices in this network are trusted and prevent an attacker from accessing any device in the network because these attacks penetrate privacy and expose the personal property to damage.
This research introduces a new framework to improve the confidentiality, integrity, authenticity, and availability of IoT devices in indoor environments, by forcing new devices (IoT-MD), middleware (Security Centre SC), and protocols (add a new authorized device and IoT Traffic Control Protocol IoT-TCP).
Security in IoT will be guaranteed by using this framework which enforces isolation between the IoT devices and networks to prevent unauthorized IoT devices. Moreover, prevent attacks in the IoT indoor environment.
Physiological quality of Moquiniastrum polymorphum seeds processed with a general seed blower
Authors: Cezar Tannure Faria Julio , Ribeiro-Kumara Caius , Chocorosqui Fernandes Alana , Alvina Oliveira Tonetti Olívia , Amaral de Melo Lucas
Published: December 2022

This study evaluates the physiological quality of Moquiniastrum polymorphum seeds, processed by a General seed blower, based on their germinability at different temperatures and on the imbibition curve, aiming to support future studies of M. polymorphum seeds processed by a General seed blower. Seeds were characterized regarding moisture, purity, germinability and thousand seed weight. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design (CRD). To characterize the triphasic process of germination, the imbibition curve during seed germination was modelled using 2 samples of seeds weighing 0.05 g. Physiological seed quality was assessed using a thermogradient table at 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 °C (with constant light supply) and by calculating the germination speed index (GSI), along with the time to reach 50% germination (T50) and uniformity of germination (U75-25). Each temperature treatment included 4 replications of 50 seeds each. It was found that the optimum temperature for germination was 30 °C with constant light supply, resulting in higher means of normal seedlings, GSI, T50 and U75-25. Moreover, the imbibition curve at 30 °C and constant light supply exhibited a triphasic pattern common to seed germination. In conclusion, the new findings on the germinative potential of M. polymorphum seeds processed by a General seed blower uncovered here can be applied in the methodology of future studies of M. polymorphum or used as recommendations for species of the same genus
Investigating the alkaline treatment of fiber coconut (Cocos nucifera L) for cellulosic ethanol generation
Authors: Duque Sistons Renata , Fontes Mayrinck Cupertino Gabriela , Affonso Sampaio Danielle , José dos Santos Júnior Alfredo , Dias de Souza Natália , Francisco Dias Júnior Ananias
Published: December 2022

The coconut husk of Cocos nucifera L. species has a high potential for use in industry and agriculture, and many studies on the use of this biomass are being developed for the production of biofuels. Sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) is one of the oldest and economically viable treatments for reducing the lignin content and improving energy efficiency in biomass. Thus, the objective of this research was to analyze the solubility of the fibers biomass in the mesocarp of Cocos nucifera with different concentrations of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The fibers were separated from the bark, which had their extractives removed, and were subjected to the solubility procedure in 1, 2, 3, and 4% NaOH. The Klason lignin and holocellulose were determined. Changes in functional groups of Klason lignin were observed by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). There was a decrease in Klason lignin content due to alkaline treatment. Infrared spectra indicated structural changes between the treatments analyzed, especially when the following bands: 3 433 cm-1 (stretching of OH), 1 271-1 220 cm-1 (vibration of the guaiacyl ring with the contribution of the C=O stretch), and 1 116-1 165 cm-1 (stretching of CO of acid and/or ester). Coconut fibers treated with 4% NaOH maintained the integrity of holocellulose and presented high lignin degradation.
Nonlinearity as a strategy for creating postmodern musical texts in the 1970-1990s
Authors: Bogdan Suita , Bench Olga , Riabchun Iryna
Published: December 2022

It is relevant in this research context to consider the ways of organizing the text, algorithms, and ideological principles of modeling the content components of a musical work. The purpose of the study is to establish strategies for the development of postmodernism in music, as well as non-linearity in music as a creative strategy of postmodernism. The study is devoted to fragmentation as perception and accumulation of information, a form of artistic experience reflected in musical creativity. Precedent phenomena that perform the function of meaning-making in the music of the last decades of the 20th century are determined by their symbolism, the possibility of mentonization and evaluation. Thus, in the musical text of postmodernism, the new work is incorporated into the figurative and expressive system in the space of fragmentary discourse, and the extratextual content of the musical text is formed. The research methodology is based on complex approaches. The main methods used in work are description, analysis, and synthesis, the method of intertextuality and the comparative-historical method were used to work with the material. The result of the work is the definition of new methods of constructing musical works of fragmented discourse, where an effective means is the selection of precedent phenomena, an individualistic vision of the audience, and intertext.
Development of democratic values as a basis for the consolidation of modern Ukrainian society
Authors: Goshovska Valentyna , Kisiel Iurii , Lukina Lyudmyla , Gorulko Olga , Nehulevskyi Ihor
Published: December 2022

The problem of historical memory as a factor of uniting the past, present and future, consolidating modern Ukrainian society, and ensuring political stability is relevant in our time. The purpose of the study is to define the regularity of the state of development of democratic values as a basis for the consolidation of modern Ukrainian society based on the reports "Democracy Index", "Democracy Perception Index" and "Freedom in the World" by means of regression analysis. Research methods: comparative analysis; systematization; regression analysis; generalization. The results. After conducting a regression analysis, it was defined that the value of the coefficient of determination testifies to this. The 88% regression model reflects the direct dependence of the state of development of the democratic regime in Ukraine on the state of the electoral process and pluralism and civil liberties. The study showed that the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation had a positive effect on the consolidation of modern Ukrainian society. According to the survey, 77% of Ukrainians claim that things in Ukraine are going in the right direction, 80% are proud of their country, 64% of respondents believe that friendly relations between Ukrainians and Russians cannot be restored. 56% of respondents believe that the main goal of the Russian invasion is the destruction of the Ukrainian people.
Hipertansif Hastalarda Angiotensin Tip 1 Resptör Blokörleri ile Tedavi Etkisinin Egzersiz Doku Doppler Ekokardiyografik Parametrelerle Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: TOPALOĞLU Caner
Published: December 2022

Giriş ve Amaç: Bu çalışmada hipertansif (HT) hastalarda Telmisartan tedavisinin altı aylık dönemde dinlenim ve egzersiz esnasında fonksiyonel ve yapısal kardiyak değişime etkisini konvansiyonel ekokardiyografi (EKO) ve doku Doppler ultason (US) kullanarak incelemeyi amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 51.9±8.54 olan esansiyel HT tanılı 26 hasta (16 kadın, 10 erkek) alındı. Hastalara Telmisartan 80 mg/gün tedavisi verildi. Tedavi öncesinde ve 6 aylık izlemin ardından arteriyel kan basıncı ölçümleri ile dinlenim ve stres (bisiklet ergometrisi) esnasında konvansiyonel EKO ve doku Doppler US kayıtları alındı.

Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama kan basıncı 109,8±4,6 mmHg’den 92,2±6,4 mmHg’ye geriledi (p
Deneyimsel Mesleki Farkındalığın Tutumsal Öğrenme Çıktıları: Turizm Rehberliği Lisans Öğrencilerine Yönelik Pilot Uygulama
Authors: BAŞODA Alaattin , ACAR Yusuf
Published: December 2022

Amaç ve Önem: Dünyada meydana gelen teknolojik, psikolojik, sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel gelişmeler, yeni kuşak öğrencilerin öğrenim hayatlarında önemli değişikliklere yol açmaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu dönüşüme ayak uydurmak için yeni öğrenme yöntemlerinin gerekliliği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu yaklaşımdan hareketle, yazarlar tarafından bilinçli farkındalık ve aktif öğrenme temelli Deneyimsel Mesleki Farkındalık (DEMEF) eğitim programı geliştirilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, bu araştırmanın temel amacı, turizm rehberliği lisans öğrencilerinin DEMEF programının uygulanması sonucunda oluşan tutumsal öğrenme çıktılarını belirlemektir.Yöntem: Araştırmada nitel araştırma tasarımı kullanılmıştır. Veriler, nitel form tekniğiyle toplanmıştır. Araştırmada, ölçüt örneklem yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda araştırma, bir turizm fakültesi bünyesindeki turizm rehberliği bölümünde 2. ve 3. sınıfta okuyan ve DEMEF programına dâhil olan 64 öğrencinin katılımıyla gerçekleşmiştir. Araştırma verileri, MAXQDA nitel veri analiz programıyla içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur.Bulgular: Araştırmada; DEMEF’in mesleki ve kişisel açıdan birçok olumlu çıktısı olduğu ve öğrencilere “önce eylemde bulunma, sonra bu eylemlerden duygu ve bilgi üretme” şeklinde bir öğrenme stratejisi kazandırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca DEMEF’in, öğrencilerin mesleğe (öğrenme, tanıma ve yapma) ve kendilerine (kendini tanıma, geliştirme) yönelik tutumlarını olumlu yönde değiştirdiği ve en çok davranışsal öğrenmelerini arttırdığı saptanmıştır.Özgünlük/Bilimsel Katkı: DEMEF eğitim programının tutumsal mesleki öğrenme çıktıları, özgün bir değere sahiptir. Bunun temel sebebi, DEMEF’in turist rehberliği ve eğitim psikolojisi dikkate alınarak bilinçli deneyimsel farkındalık açısından tasarlanan yeni bir aktif öğrenme modeli olmasıdır. Ayrıca bulgular, bilinçli farkındalık eğitim uygulamalarının ilk defa turist rehberliği eğitimine uyarlanması sonucunda elde edilen özgün bulgulardır. Dolayısıyla bu araştırma hem konu ve eğitim programı hem de bulguları açısından özgün bir araştırma niteliğinde olup, ilgili literatüre ve turist rehberliği uygulamalı eğitimine önemli katkı sağlayacaktır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Bilinçli farkındalık, deneyimsel mesleki farkındalık, aktif öğrenme, tutumsal öğrenme, turist rehberliği eğitimi
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF TRADITIONAL SUSPENSION DESIGNS IN SPECIALIZED AUTOMOBILE TRANSPORT
Authors: Posmetev Valerii , Nikonov Vadim
Published: December 2022

In order to identify the reasons for the decrease in the efficiency of vehicles equipped with traditional suspension designs and to identify promis-ing areas for improving their efficiency, an analysis was made of the results of a review of studies obtained in the scientific field under consideration by foreign and Russian scientists. The article substantiates the relevance of increasing the efficiency of suspensions of specialized trucks and road trains operated in difficult changing climatic and road conditions. The main disadvantages that appear during the operation of vehicles equipped with traditional suspension designs are given. The consequences of the operation of such vehicles equipped with traditional suspension designs in conditions of a low level of road infrastructure are listed. The advantages of hydropneumatic suspensions, leaf springs made of composite materials in comparison with steel springs, independent suspension structures over dependent ones, semiactive air suspensions over passive and active ones, as well as regenerative suspensions are considered. The dependences of the change in the time between failures of the elements of the spring suspension, the estimated durability of the spring on the speed of movement, the acceleration of the sprung mass of the trailer of a road train when driving over bumps, the resistance forces of the hydraulic shock absorber on the ambient tem-perature are presented. The dependences of the change in natural frequencies and the damping coefficients of oscillations of the sprung and un-sprung masses of the car with an increase in the mass of its sprung part are given. The perspective directions for increasing the efficiency of suspensions of timber trucks and road trains identified as a result of the analysis are given.
Perancangan Prototipe Alat Bermain Belajar Braille Low Cost Berbasis Mikrokontroler Arduino Sensor RFID
Authors: Bintari Bertha , Wicaksono Martinus Bagus
Published: December 2022

Blind children have limited ability to read, so the introduction of the ability to read and write using braille is very important. They have to learn to recognizing braille letters, then arranging letters to form syllables and finally a word. Learning about the concept of reading needs a tool that makes it easy and fun, then children will learn while playing. The design of the device braille set is intended as a learning tool for blind children to introduce and learn to read braille. This system uses an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) MFRC522 sensor programmed by Arduino as a microcontroller. The code as a signal in the RFID tag card is read by the RFID reader. RFID tag cards are equipped with a layer on the surface of the card marked with a braille symbol. When children recognize the braille symbols on cards, they can assemble the cards into a word. The word will then be read by the device and audible so that the children hear the words they have composed. The components of this learning tool to read braille use an RFID reader component, a mini MP3 player module, Arduino, as a microcontroller. The power supply uses a 9 volt battery. DC motor drive and wheels to walk on the scrabble track. The material for the card coaster casing uses acrylic material. The track frame uses aluminium profiles. Overall, the cost of making braille reading learning tools with the implementation of RFID technology is cheap and affordable.
ESTIMACIÓN DE PARÁMETROS GENÉTICOS EN LA CALABAZA PIPIANA (Cucurbita argyrosperma Huber)
Authors: Sánchez-Hernández Miguel Ángel , Mejía-Contreras José Apolinar , Villanueva-Verduzco Clemente , Sahagún-Castellanos Jaime , Muñoz-Orozco Abel , Molina-Galán José D.
Published: December 2022

Este estudio se hizo con la finalidad de generar información relacionada con parámetros genéticos de dos población es (una con y otra sin selección) de calabaza pipiana (C. argyrosperma Huber var. stenospema y C. argyrosperma Huber var. argyrosperma) mediante la estimación para 13 caracteres de: media, varianza (aditiva y de dominancia), coeficiente de variación genética aditiva (CVA), heredabilidad, correlaciones fenotípicas y genéticas aditivas. En 2001 se establecieron dos experimentos en Chapingo, México, con dos densidades de población por experimento: D1 (13 890) y D2 (9 260) plantas/ha de calabaza asociada con maíz (Zea mays L.) (50 000 plantas/ha) en surcos alternos de cada cultivo. Los resultados indicaron que en las dos poblaciones los mayores valores de la varianza aditiva se tuvieron en peso de fruto y de semilla. En términos del CVA, dicha variación fue de mayor importancia en: número de frutos por planta, peso de fruto, peso de semilla y grosor de pedúnculo. Las heredabilidades oscilaron entre 17.2 y 62.4 % para la variedad ‘Morelos’ (VM) y entre 23.0 y 91.9 % para la variedad ‘Chapingo’ (VCH). Se detectó varianza de dominancia mayores en la variedad ‘Morelos’ y las correlaciones genéticas más altas entre caracteres ocurrieron entre peso y longitud de semilla (VCH = 0.55**; VM = 0.70**) y longitud de semilla con el grosor de la pulpa en 0.50** para dichas variedades. Las correlaciones fenotípicas más altas se tuvieron entre peso de fruto con ancho de fruto (VCH = 0.82**; VM = 0.85**), y peso de fruto con peso de semilla en VCH = 0.75** y VM = 0.74**, respectivamente.
CAPACIDAD DE REVENTADO DE GRANO DE AMARANTO (Amaranthus spp.) CON PERISPERMO CONTRASTANTE
Authors: Aguilar Delgado Miriam J. , Espitia Rangel Eduardo , Lozano Grande Azalia , Valverde Ramos Miriam G. , Sesma Hernández Luisa F. , López Rodríguez Yarami G.
Published: December 2022

La capacidad de reventado del amaranto depende del genotipo, del tamaño de semilla, de la humedad y de la composición del almidón. En este estudio se determinó la frecuencia del tipo de perispermo con almidón aglutinante (AAgl) y no aglutinante (ANgl) en germoplasma de amaranto de México, y el efecto del tipo de perispermo sobre la capacidad de reventado del grano. Se utilizaron 102 accesiones de las especies Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. y Amaranthus cruentus L para la caracterización del tipo de perispermo y 38 líneas quasi-isogénicas para observar el efecto del tipo de almidón sobre la capacidad de reventado. Las líneas se sembraron bajo un diseño en bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. El tipo de almidón de cada genotipo se identificó con un indicador colorimétrico y se observaron características morfológicas del grano entero y reventado a través de imágenes de microscopía de barrido. Los resultados mostraron que el 90 % del germoplasma de amaranto presentó perispermo opaco con almidón aglutinante, bajo contenido de amilosa, bajo peso hectolítrico y alto volumen de reventado comparado con semillas de almidón no aglutinante, mientras que el amaranto con perispermo cristalino mostró un almidón no aglutinante con bajo contenido de amilopectina por tinción, y la presencia de una matriz lipoproteica que influye para un menor volumen de reventado y mayor peso del grano. Por lo anterior, se sugiere que el tipo de perispermo está en función de la composición del almidón e influye en las propiedades fisicoquímicas del mismo y en la capacidad de reventado de la semilla de amaranto.