bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical screening and standardization of Chiruvilwadi Kashayam: An Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation
Authors: Bijeshmon PP  , Sibi Narayanan  , Meenu M  , Meera Mohan K  , Shari Manikandan  , Greeshma KM
Published: February 2023

Chiruvilwadi Kashayam is a polyherbal Classical formulation mentioned in the text book ‘Sahasrayoga’, commonly used for the management of piles, it also cures the associated symptoms like constipation, indigestion, flatulence and anorexia. It is prepared out of six medicinal plants namely Chiruvilwa (Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch.) Punarnava (Boerhavia diffusa L.) Pippali (Piper longum L.) Sunti (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Citraka (Plumbago zeylanica L.) and Haritaki (Terminalia chebula Retz.). Inadequate standardization of polyherbal formulations causes difficulty in validation of the efficacy and maintaining quality of the product. Hence an attempt has been made to standardize the quality parameters of Chiruvilwadi Kashayam by determining the primary qualitative phytochemical, physiochemical parameters and to develop TLC fingerprints. The primary phytochemicals like carbohydrates, sugar, reducing sugar, glycoside, flavonoid, phenol, saponin, alkaloid, tannin and coumarin were found in the kashayam. The data obtained in the present study will help as a reference document to maintain the quality standards of the formulation.
Urinary tract infections: A review
Authors: Kanchan Sharma  , Riya Verma
Published: February 2023

Urinary tract infections are common infections of urinary tract which includes urethra, kidneys and bladder that irritates the lining of urinary tract and it becomes inflamed. Males are less prone to the infection as compared to females. Sexual intercourse is one of major risk factor responsible for urinary tract infections. E. coli is the common causative bacteria responsible for complicated and uncomplicated UTI’s.
The Analysis of Speaking Assessment Types in Textbook “When English Rings a Bell Grade VII”
Authors: Swastika Putri Aulia , Miranti Ririt Rachma , Nur Muhammad Rauuf Oktavian
Published: February 2023

Speaking can be said as one of the four basic skills in English. In every English textbook, there must be a speaking assessment. This research aims to analyze the five types of speaking assessments in the textbook “When English Rings a Bell for Grade VII”. The textbook analysis in this study considered five types in speaking assessment there are: 1. Imitative speaking tasks, 2. Intensive speaking tasks, 3. Responsive speaking tasks, 4. Interactive speaking tasks and, 5. Extensive speaking tasks. This study includes the design of descriptive qualitative. This study using a method of content analysis. The collection of the data was done through procedures: 1) looking, 2) observing, 3)analyzing the data based on Brown’s theory. The result of the study there are five types of speaking tasks in that textbook, but it has a different rate of the types. The textbook not only has a speaking task, it also has another skill of English there are reading, listening, and writing.
The Error Analysis of Writing Recount Text at Third Semester Students of English Education Department in Academic Year 2019/2020
Authors: Ahmada Adib
Published: February 2023

The researcher as the lecturer at the Third Semester Students in English Education Department, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training, Islamic Institute of Darussalam Blokagung Banyuwangi in academic year 2019/2020 found the problem in students’ understanding in writing recount text. Although The students had got the material about writing recount text in the previous semester, they were still got difficulties on it. Here, the researcher interested to analyze students’ error in writing recount text deeply. The purpose of this research was to find out the students’ problem in writing recount text, so that the researcher can decide the appropriate method in teaching writing in the third Semester. The researcher used descriptive qualitative method. The data was taken from the students’ writing test in third semester of English education department that consist of 30 students. To collect the data, first, asking the students to write a recount text with the topic given. Second, analyze the result of students’ task. Third, Finding and marking the errors in students’ writing task. Fourth, divide the errors based on the types of errors. The result of the test had been analyzed and then classified into four types of the errors, those were mis-formation, omission, addition and mis-ordering. Based on the finding in this research, there were 70 errors made by the students in writing recount text. The errors were 13 errors or 15.71% in mis-formation, 16 errors or 22.85% at omission, 37 errors or 52.85% at addition and 6 or 8.57% errors in mis-ordering. From the result of the data, it could be concluded that students still find difficulties in writing recount text. It could be seen from the errors they made. The errors cover mis-formation, omission, addition and mis-ordering.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru Mengajar Melalui Pembinaan Konsep Persentasi Power Point di SD Negeri 03 Gandis
Authors: Arbain Arbain
Published: February 2023

Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah ingin mengetahui pengaruh media presentasi power point dalam menunjang keberhasilan guru mengajar IPS dan meningkatkan hasil prestasi belajar siswa SD. Penelitian ini bertempat di SD Negeri 03 Gandis Kecamatan Dedai Kabupaten Sintang Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus sampai September pada semester Ganjil tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Subyek penelitian adalah guru bidang studi IPS dan siswa yang dipilih secara random. Penelitian ini menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas atau Sekolah. Dalam penelitian penulis menggunakan instrumen yang terdiri dari: (1) Silabus, (2) Rencana Pelajaran (RP), (3) Lembar Kegiatan Siswa, (4) Lembar Observasi Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar, (5) Tes formatif. Sesuai dengan hasil analisis data ditemukan bahwa (1) Penggunaan media Presentasi Power Point berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas guru mengajar IPS dan hasil  belajar siswa dalam pengajaran mata pelajaran IPS. (2) Dengan membandingkan hasil siklus I dan II yang cukup signifikan. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa mutu mengajar guru IPS dan peningkatan hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran IPS dengan menggunakan media Presentasi Power Point lebih baik.
PENGARUH REWARD, PUNISHMENT DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP DISIPLIN KERJA (STUDI KASUS PADA PEGAWAI NON-ASN DI BADAN PENGELOLA KEUANGAN DAN ASET DAERAH KOTA MEDAN)
Authors: Fitri Ramadani  , Eka Purnama Sari
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Reward, Punishmet dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Disiplin Kerja (Studi Kasus pada Pegawai Non-ASN di Badan Pengelola Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kota Medan), dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan sumber data primer melalui kuesioner dengan lima skala likert. Adapun responden pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh Pegawai Non-ASN di Badan Pengelola Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kota Medan sebanyak 30 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampling yaitu sampel jenuh. Pengolahan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan SPSS 25.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan variabel Reward, Punishment dan Lingkungan Kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Disiplin Kerja.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA VIDEO ANIMASI MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE POWTOON TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA
Authors: Haryadi Rahman , Prihatin Iwit , Oktaviana Dwi , Herminovita Herminovita
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan video animasi menggunakan software Powtoon yang valid, praktis, dan efektif  dalam meningkatkan  kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 01 Boyan Tanjung Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu pada materi relasi dan fungsi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan rancangan Borg & Gall yang meliputi: potensi dan masalah, pengumpulan data, desain produk, validasi desain, revisi produk, uji coba produk, dan revisi desain. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 01 Boyan Tanjung sebanyak 10 orang siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar validasi, angket respon, dan tes kemampuan berpikir krtitis. Berdasarkan hasil validasi video animasi Powtoon dapat dinyatakan valid dengan persentase indeks rata-rata 92% dengan kriteria sangat valid. Tingkat kepraktisan berada pada kriteria sangat praktis dengan rata-rata persentase dari respon guru sebesar 98,67% dan dari respon siswa sebesar 93,38 %. Tingkat keefektifan berada pada kriteria cukup efektif dengan persentase sebesai 61%.
Menyibak Sastra Feminisme Kekinian: Ditinjau Perspektif Teori Belajar Humanistik
Authors: Suprayetno Edy
Published: February 2023

Fenomena perempuan dalam tradisi kekinian sudah menjadi sebuah kultur. Eksistensi perempuan sudah seolah-olah sudah menjadi kebiasaan yang plural dan majemuk. Dilihat dari sudut hierarki peradaban, pengarang perempuan sudah banyak yang menyimpang dari sudut olah rasa, yakni menjamurnya ketidakseimbangan antara imajinasi dengan emosional. Hal ini mengakibatkan pengarang perempuan tidak mementingkan kulmulasi dalam mengimajinasikan kata-kata sebagai energi. Pengarang perempun bergelimut pada kekuatan perasaan yang ingin digoreskan secara indefendensial antara apa yang dirasakan dan imajinasinya. Selain itu, kekuatan di balik sastra masih tersimpan pada pengarangnya, tidak sampai pada pembaca, mengakibatkan tingkat klimaks sebuah cerita itu tidak mengandung emulsi sastranya. Masalah inilah yang menjadi titik keambiguan pengarang sastra itu yang perlu dikaji secara mendalam dan mendasar. Salah satu pendekatan yang dianggap mumpuni dapat ditinjau dari teori belajar humanistik. Teori humanistik menekankan pada aspek bagaiamana sastra itu dimplementasikan dalam kehidupan realitas dengan mengarahkan konsep memanusiakan manusia. Walaupun sastra bersifat fiksi, tetapi makna dari cerita yang disampaikan memberikan sebuah otokritik bagi si pembacanya lewat mengimplementasikan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Unsur-unsur Instrinsik Cerita Pendek Bersiap Kecewa Bersedih Tanpa Kata-kata Karya Putu Wijaya
Authors: Siburian Tetti
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan unsur-unsur intrinsik yang terkandung dalam cerita pendek Bersiap Kecewa Bersedih Tanpa Kata-Kata karya Putu Wijaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Data penelitian dianalisis mneggunakan pendekatan analisis struktural. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa cerita pendek Bersiap Kecewa Bersedih Tanpa Kata-Kata karya Putu Wijaya mempunyai: (1) tema kebahagiaan yang tidak terduga; (2) alur maju pada cerita; (3) mempunyai dua tokoh yaitu: tokoh si Bapak, dan tokoh si Gadis penjual bunga yang juga bersifat protagonis; (4) dari dialog dan deskripsi cerita pendek tergambar penokohan si Bapak yang terlihat egois dan si Gadis penjual bunga yang baik hati; (5) terdapat tiga latar, yaitu: latar waktu dipagi hari, latar tempat di toko bunga dan jalan, serta latar suasana yang terdiri dari suasana bahagia, kesal dan penasaran; (6) terdapat tiga sudut pandang, yaitu: sudut pandang orang pertama, sudut pandang orang kedua, dan sudut pandang orang ketiga; (7) gaya bahasa yang digunakan yaitu hiperbola dan alusio; dan (8) terdapat tiga amanat dalam cerita pendek ini. Amanat yang disampaikan yaitu: berbuat baiklah kepada semua orang dengan ketulusan, luangkan waktu untuk berkumpul bersama orang yang disayangi, dan hargai hasil suatu karya orang lain.
Semantic-Distributive Analysis of English-Language Borrowings in the Norwegian Economic Discourse (by the Material of Internet Texts on Crisis Management)
Authors: Borovikova Irina Vyacheslavovna
Published: February 2023

The aim of the study is to identify the main distributional models of English-language borrowings in the Norwegian economic discourse by the example of several borrowed lexemes. The article examines the influence of the English language on the Norwegian economic discourse and the discourse of crisis management, in particular. It is shown that this type of the Norwegian discourse assumes penetration of a significant amount of English-language borrowings. A semantic-distributive approach is used to clarify the semantics and the main aspects of combinability of English-language borrowings. The semantics of several lexemes is described based on the data of explanatory dictionaries of the English and Norwegian languages. It is noted that, penetrating into the Norwegian economic discourse, the analysed English-language lexemes are adapted to the morphological and phonetic system of the Norwegian language. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the identification of the main distributional formulas characteristic of English-language borrowings in the Norwegian discourse of crisis management being a component of the Norwegian economic discourse. As a result, the main distributional models of functioning of the analysed English-language lexemes have been identified in this type of discourse.
Comparison of the Text “The Scythe” by R. Bradbury with Its Two Russian Versions
Authors: Korshunova Elena Sergeevna
Published: February 2023

The aim of the study is to determine the most successful strategy of syntactic expressive means translation on the basis of comparison of the original text of the story “The Scythe” by Ray Brudbury and its two translations from English into Russian. The author considers the notions “idiostyle” and “idiolect”, defines their correlation. The article describes the characteristics of idiostyle, revealing in the analysis of literary works on different language levels: phonetic, lexical, syntactic, and on the whole text level. The author touches upon the question about the translator’s manner in the translation of the work from one language into another. Syntactic expressive means are analysed in English and Russian versions of the story. The scientific novelty of the study lies in a close connection of the story “The Scythe” by R. Bradbury with two translations into the Russian language in linguistic aspect, what has never been done before. Finally, it was proved that the translation strategy of N. Kunyaeva is more successful in comparison with the work of L. Brilova as it possesses the higher degree of equivalence when transferring into Russian such syntactic devices as polysyndeton with “and” and isolation of sentences into separate passages.
Word Usage of the XIX Century in the Aspect of Its Historical Dynamics (by the Example of the Diary Entries of Archpriest V. D. Kasyanov)
Authors: Kudryavceva Ekaterina Aleksandrovna
Published: February 2023

The aim of the study is to describe a fragment of the word usage of the second half of the XIX century, represented in the diaries of the Krasnoyarsk archpriest V. D. Kasyanov. The article considers some words that function in the modern language, but have experienced semantic shifts over a century and a half; and conducts a comparative analysis of the meanings with which these words are found in V. D. Kasyanov, with the meanings recorded in dictionaries of the XIX century, on the one hand, and in dictionaries of the XX-XXI centuries, on the other. Some features in the nature of changes in these lexical units during the XX century are indicated. The scientific novelty of the work lies both in the attraction of new material for linguistic analysis - the diaries of one of the prominent representatives of the clergy of the second half of the XIX century, and in the focus of the study - in determining those features of the archpriest’s speech that characterize him as a native speaker of a given historical period and allow identifying the differences of usage of the XIX century from the modern speech tradition. As a result, it was found that the word usage of V. D. Kasyanov was typical of the usage of previous decades and that the historical dynamics of the considered words consists in metaphorization and narrowing of their meaning.
The Specifics of the Chronotope in the Novel “Two Captains” by V. Kaverin
Authors: Osmukhina Olga Yurievna , Ovsyannikova Ekaterina Pavlovna
Published: February 2023

This article is devoted to the study of the spatio-temporal relations of the novel “Two Captains” by V. Kaverin as genre-forming, which makes it possible to define the genre originality of the work as a synthetic form of an adventure novel with elements of a growing-up novel. The aim of the study is to identify the specifics of the chronotopic organization of V. Kaverin’s novel. The scientific novelty is determined by the fact that for the first time the genre originality of the novel “Two Captains” is comprehended through the identification of chronotope types and a detailed study of chronotopic relationships. As a result, it was found that, firstly, the chronotope of the novel is represented by a linear-chronological type (the stadial way of the protagonist); secondly, the temporal layers included in it (conceptual, perceptual, adventurous time) play a fundamentally significant semantic and plot role; thirdly, space is represented by the opposition of two key types of toposes (local space and geographically unlimited space of the outside world), which gradually expand as the personality of the protagonist develops.
The Formula of Personal Toponymic Space in D. Danilov’s Novel “Sasha, Hello!”
Authors: Royko Oksana Valentinovna
Published: February 2023

The aim of the study is to derive the formula of personal toponymic space in D. Danilov’s novel “Sasha, Hello!” based on the theory of field nuclear-peripheral relations of constituents and the expressive potential of toponymic vocabulary. The article deals with topical integrated issues of linguistics (onomastics), literature and psychology; unified terminology is concretized, the text-forming function of identifiers of geographical objects, their aesthetic resource, implemented in dystopia, is emphasized. For the first time, the definition of the synthetic notion of “personal toponymic space” is given; a large illustrative corpus is structured; statistically representative toponymic categories (classes and subclasses), cause-and-effect relations between language and behavioural manifestations of a personality are indicated. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the primary interpretation of the unstudied, from the point of view of toponym functioning, postmodern text, the concretization of the thesaurus, taking into account the precedency of projecting person-centred linguistic representations onto other paradigms. As a result, the relativity of the theory of nuclear-peripheral relations of constituents within the framework of local artistic discourse is proved.
The Mortal Motives of the Poem “I Do Not Ask for Immortality from Death...” by J. Brodsky
Authors: Bogdanova Olga Vladimirovna , Baranova Tatiana Nikolaevna
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of Joseph Brodsky’s poem “I Do Not Ask for Immortality from Death…” (1961), which has not previously been subjected to a detailed philological analysis, a number of images and motives of which cause discrepancies. The research is undertaken in order to comprehend the role of the theme and motives of death in the formation of the poetic world of this early poem and later poetic texts by Brodsky. The authors differentiate the synchronic and diachronic approaches to the perception of the text of the poem “I Do Not Ask for Immortality from Death…” and identify the constants of the artistic perception of the lyrical hero, the author’s alter ego at different stages of the poet’s work. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that for the first time it deciphered the unclarity that caused serious difficulties for critics (the images of the “pink corner” and the “crushed spider”) and emphasized the conditions for the emergence of images of death, time, and immortality in Brodsky’s texts that are cross-cutting for all creativity. As a result, it has been proved that the nature of the philosophical mood of the lyrical hero and the poetic world of Brodsky’s poems as a whole is largely related to his psychophysical state, an early fatal diagnosis - “heart defect”.
Reception of the Image of Olenka in the Story “The Darling” by A. P. Chekhov in China
Authors: Cui Yunyun
Published: February 2023

The aim of the study is to determine the features of interpretation of Olenka’s image in Chinese literary criticism from 1907 to the present day. The article shows the dynamics of perception of Chekhov’s heroine image in various socio-historical conditions in China. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the article is the first systematic analysis of the reception of Olenka’s image in China and provides new material in this regard; the opposite points of view of the Chinese critics on the image of the woman depicted by A. P. Chekhov are indicated; parallels are drawn between the interpretations of the image of the heroine from the story “The Darling” by the Russian and Chinese literary critics and writers, in particular, common points in critical perceptions of Olenka between the Chinese researchers and contemporaries of A. P. Chekhov (L. N. Tolstoy, M. Gorky) are determined. As a result, it is proved that the image of the considered heroine of Chekhov’s work has been and is currently being severely criticized in China in connection with the peculiarities of the Chinese society development and the process of female emancipation, but there are also positive opinions about the heroine, emphasizing her virtue, ability to exalted feelings, devotion love.
Virtual Excursion as an Innovative Form of Teaching Russian as a Foreign Language at the Pre-University Teaching Stage in the Implementation of the Regional Component
Authors: Pylkova Anna Aleksandrovna
Published: February 2023

The aim of the study is to reveal the linguodidactic potential of a virtual excursion in teaching Russian as a foreign language. The article discusses the advantages of this innovative form of classes in the process of teaching students of the pre-university teaching stage. The scientific novelty lies in the definition of various types and kinds of virtual excursions in the context of the methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language, taking into account the regional component. As a result, methodical recommendations have been developed on the use of virtual excursions as a means of optimizing the teaching of Russian as a foreign language at the pre-university (preparatory) teaching stage.
The Features of Complex Sentences in Chinese Russian-Learners’ Interlanguage
Authors: Zheng Qianmin , Shaklein Victor Mikhailovich
Published: February 2023

The study aims to figure out the features of complex sentences in Chinese Russian-learners’ interlanguage by analysing the examples of several complex sentences in Chinese students’ interlanguage. Interlanguage is considered as a constantly developing, consistent internal language system in the process of mastering a second language. At the same time, scientific achievements in the field of syntax are demonstrated in the study. Scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that singularity is proposed and analyzed as one of the features of complex sentences in Chinese Russian-learners’ interlanguage. As a result of the study, except for singularity, which is seen as one of the main features of complex sentences in Chinese Russian-learners’ interlanguage, the absence of the connective word «чтобы» in complex sentences where it should be used is determined as another feature of complex sentences in Chinese Russian-learners’ interlanguage when considering the structure of sentences. Meanwhile, the incorrect form of the verb in the subordinate clause after the connective word «чтобы» and the incorrect use of the gender, the number and the case of the connective word «который» in the subordinate clause are discussed as other features of complex sentences in Chinese Russian-learners’ interlanguage.
Lexicographic Typology of Terminological Dictionaries: A Cognitive Vector of Development (on the Basis of Terminological Dictionaries of the Russian, English and French Languages in the Subject Area “Military Aviation”)
Authors: Maksimova Irina Vassilyevna , Shpal’chenko Elina Petrovna
Published: February 2023

The aim of the study is to identify the lexicographic and terminographic characteristics of the terminological dictionaries of the subject area “Military Aviation” in Russian, English and French and to determine their place in the general classification system. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the creation of the author’s typology of dictionaries and glossaries of the most frequent special terms in the subject area “Military Aviation” in Russian, English and French, and the theoretical justification of the author’s classification, taking into account the integrative nature of the tasks of cognitive science, lexicography and terminography. The results obtained made it possible for the first time to identify oppositions that are relevant for terminological dictionaries of the subject area “Military Aviation”. The parameters of the typology of terminological dictionaries of military aviation and aerospace vocabulary, which showed individual integration of linguistic, conceptual, extralinguistic information, are singled out and described. Four main classification groups of dictionaries are defined; the author’s typology of dictionaries of the specified subject area is developed. The results of the study can contribute to the further development of methods of cognitive lexicography and terminography.
The Effect of Variations of Red Bricks, Sand, Sawdust, and Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Media on the Fat Content of Salted Egg Yolks
Authors: Hidayati Nur , Mardiyono Mardiyono , Kresnadipayana Dian
Published: February 2023

Salting is done to extend the shelf life of duck eggs. A variety of media can be used for salting eggs, including a mixture of salt, sand, red brick, sawdust, and brewed tea. Salted eggs are popular among the general public, but they contain a lot of fat, which, if consumed in excess, can cause blood vessel blockage (atherosclerosis). Green tea is a plant that has many benefits, one of which is that it can help people lose weight. Duck eggs were ripened for 12 days in a variety of salting media with different ingredients for this study. Red bricks, sand, sawdust, salt, and brewed green tea are among the materials used. This study aimed to determine the fat content of salted egg yolks using the Soxhlet extraction method, as well as the color, aroma (smell), and taste of salted eggs. The data in this study were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and the results revealed that variations in salting media had a significant effect on fat content in salted egg yolks. The results showed the changes in fat content in salted egg yolks without treatment with a fat content of 36.28 percent, and with treatment with media A (sand, red bricks, and sawdust); media B (sand, red bricks, and sawdust); media 1 (media A added with green tea); and media 2 (media B added with green tea), with the fat contents of 35.22%; 32.86%, and 30.49%.  Mixed media of green tea affects the fat content of salted egg yolks, from 36.50% to 32.86% and 30.49%.
A Hepatoprotective Effect of Extract Ethanol Gynura procumbens on Liver Injury Induced by Toxic Dose of Paracetamol
Authors: Almarahma Sri , Kabo Peter , Djabir Yulia Yusrini
Published: February 2023

Gynura procumbens is a plant that contains flavonoid compounds as antioxidants and has a hepatoprotective effect. A hepatoprotector is a compound that can protect the liver from liver damage. One way to determine liver function is to measure the enzyme activity of Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT) and Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT). This study aimed to determine the hepatoprotective effect of the extract ethanol of Gynura procumbens on the liver induced by paracetamol toxic dose. This study used 20 white male rats divided into five groups: positive control group, negative control (NaCMC 1%), and paracetamol dose of 2.400mg/kg bw). EDSNY 100 mg/kg bw, 200 mg/kg bw, 300 mg/kg bw + 2.400 mg/kg paracetamolThe rat blood samples were taken through the lateral vein, and then the SGOT and SGPT were measured before, after 4 days, and on the 6th day after paracetamol induction. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Gynura procumbens significantly reduced the levels of SGPT in mice at a dose of 300 mg/kg bw. However, the ethanol extract of Gynura procumbens leaves could not reduce SGOT levels in rats. From the histopathological results, it was evident that both low, medium, and high doses had not been able to significantly improve liver damage induced by toxic doses of paracetamol. However, the ethanol extract of Gynura procumbens leaves appeared to reduce the number of areas of necrosis and degeneration of hepatocytes compared to the negative control group. Based on the study's results, the ethanol extract of Gynura procumbens leaves at a dose of 300 mg/kg bw was able to protect against an increase in SGPT. Still, it hadn't shown that it was the best way to protect the liver from damage caused by too much paracetamol.
Meal Vouchers Matter for Academic Attainment: A Community College Field Experiment
Authors: Broton Katharine M. , Mohebali Milad , Goldrick-Rab Sara
Published: February 2023

Given growing awareness of the high prevalence of food insecurity among college students, higher education leaders are implementing various food interventions on their campuses. However, there is little research on the efficacy and impact of these initiatives. Using data from a field randomized control trial, we find that a relatively modest financial investment in campus meal cards coupled with proactive outreach by an existing campus office improved community college students’ academic attainment outcomes. Students who were invited to participate in the meal voucher program attempted and completed more credits during their first year of college and were more likely to graduate in 2 years than otherwise similar peers, indicating that a campus meal program can promote college success.
Las bases importan: relevamiento de plantas nativas y exóticas de los Parques Nacionales del noroeste de la Patagonia
Authors: Calviño Carolina I , Brion Cecilia , Damascos María , Grosfeld Javier , Puntieri Javier , Vidal Russell Romina , Ezcurra Cecilia
Published: February 2023

Introducción y objetivos: Los inventarios en áreas protegidas son indispensables para planificar acciones de conservación. Se propone: proveer una base de datos de las especies de plantas vasculares de los Parques Nacionales del noroeste de Patagonia, Argentina, destacar la singularidad de los Parques y analizar la incidencia de las especies exóticas en las áreas protegidas de la región.
M&M: Se realizó una base de datos de las especies de los Parques Nacionales Lanín, Nahuel Huapi (incluyendo al PN Los Arrayanes), Lago Puelo y Los Alerces. Para cada especie se registraron las variables: familia botánica, nombre científico, nombre común, carácter nativo o exótico para Argentina, hábito y ambiente. La presencia de especies se respaldó mediante un ejemplar de herbario de referencia. Se analizaron la riqueza y composición taxonómica de especies nativas y exóticas, y de especies nativas exclusivas de cada Parque y de exóticas presentes en todos los Parques. También se determinó la riqueza de especies por hábito y ambiente.
Resultados: Se registraron en total 1304 especies, subespecies y variedades, 975 nativas de Argentina y 329 exóticas. El porcentaje de especies exóticas varió entre 17% (Lanín) y 31% (Lago Puelo).
Conclusiones: Los Parques analizados poseen una flora nativa diversa y singular y su biodiversidad puede verse fuertemente amenazada por el alto porcentaje de especies de plantas exóticas presentes. La base de datos generada es una herramienta fundamental para planificar políticas de conservación y manejo de los Parques.
Vegetation of a hill grassland of the Paititi Natural Reserve (Pampa biome) and early detection of non-native species acting as invasive
Authors: Echeverría María Lis , Alonso Sara Isabel , Comparatore Viviana Marta
Published: February 2023

Background and aims: Invasive species are the greatest threat to conservation. The objectives of this study were to identify the flora that thrive in a hill grassland of the Paititi Natural Reserve, to perform an early detection of non-native plant species that might be acting as invasive, and to establish the current situation of the native species considered threatened.
M&M: Following the altitudinal gradient, 14 sites were selected; the environmental characteristics and cover-abundance of the vascular plant species were recorded in each site. With the collected data, a Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCooA) was performed to group the sites into vegetation units that were later described considering environmental characteristics, identified species and plant community type. Additionally, the threatened species were specified, as well as the most abundant exotic ones, therefore considered invasive. 
Results: Total richness reached 370 species, 26.5% corresponding to non-native ones. Thirty threatened species were identified. The PCooA grouped the sites into eight vegetation units. The non-native species considered invasive were Dactylis glomerata, Senecio madagascariensis, Holcus lanatus and Racosperma melanoxylon, these last two reached the highest coverage-abundance values.
Conclusions: To conserve biodiversity and minimize the invasion process, management efforts should be focused on monitoring the threatened species and controlling the advance of the non-native species acting as invasive. Early detection of those species in similar environments would be fundamental to facilitate rapid responses towards reducing invasions.
The Consumption of Pink Slime Journalism: Who, What, When, Where, and Why?
Authors: Moore Ryan Christopher , Dahlke Ross , Bengani Priyanjana , Hancock Jeffrey
Published: February 2023

Pink slime journalism refers to organizations that masquerade as local news outlets, often publishing articles that serve special interests. Past research and reporting has illuminated the production of pink slime journalism (e.g., identifying pink slime outlets and documenting their practices), but no work has systematically analyzed the consumption of pink slime. In this paper, we combine web browsing behavior of a nationally representative sample of American adults collected during the 2020 election (N = 1,238; 21 million website visits) with a database of websites of pink slime outlets (1,627 outlets, 132,237 distinct articles) to illuminate who, what, when, where, and why in the consumption of pink slime journalism. Our analysis reveals that 3.7% of American adults (approximately 9.5 million people) visited pink slime in the months surrounding the 2020 election. Pink slime consumption differed considerably from consumption of both misinformation and traditional local news websites. We also find mismatch between production and consumption, with the topics of produced and promoted pink slime articles differing greatly from the topics of articles consumed. Google and Facebook were prominent referrers to pink slime. Despite speculation, people in news deserts were not more likely to be exposed to pink slime.
Replikation
Authors: Funk Katharina , Vierling Lara , French Hannah , Flögel Marie , Thesing Gesa Jessica
Published: February 2023

In der heutigen Gesellschaft werden soziale Medien sehr viel genutzt, überwiegend als Weg zur Kommunikation. Studierende benutzen soziale Medien, um mit Freunden, Bekannten, anderen Studierenden und bspw. Dozierenden in Kontakt zu bleiben. Auch für das Finden von nützlichen Informationen und gemeinschaftliches Lernen sind die sozialen Medien für Studierende von Bedeutung. Aufgrund der steigenden Bedeutung der sozialen Medien im akademischen Umfeld wurde eine Studie von Mugahed and Shahizan im Jahr 2013 durchgeführt um den Zusammenhang zwischen sozialen Medien und akademischer Leistung in Malaysia zu erforschen. Die Daten wurden an einer technischen Universität erhoben. Die berechneten Korrelationen sind signifikant und decken sich mit den Ergebnissen der Originalstudie.
FILSAFAT DAN HUKUM DALAM SATU ILMU
Authors: RAHMI AGETRI NADIA
Published: February 2023

Filsafat biasa diartikan sebagai ilmu yang berusaha mencari sebab yang sedalam-dalamnya bagi segala sesuatu berdasarkan pikiran atau rasio. Filsafat ilmu adalah proses menyatukan yang metafisik dengan yang fisik,menyatukan yang metateknik dengan yang teknik,menyatukan yang makro dengan yang mikro,menyatukan yang bersifat umum dengan yang khusus. Realitas hubungan filsafat,filsafat ilmu dan filsafat hukum. berdasarkan asumsi,bahwa semuanya merupakan dari kegiatan manusia. Jadi kegiatan manusia disini dapat diartikan dalam sebuah prosesnya dan juga dalam hasilnya. Apabila dilihat dari hasilya, kegiatannya merupakan hasil daripada berpikir manusia secara sadar. Kemudian dilihat dari segi prosesnya,
Operationalizing open and restricted-access data – Formulating verifiable criteria for the openness of datasets mentioned in biomedical research articles
Authors: Bobrov Evgeny , Riedel Nico , Kip Miriam Julia
Published: February 2023

There are several definitions for open data, largely in agreement with each other. However, they have so far not been translated into operationalizations which would allow to detect in a structured and reproducible way, whether for a specific research article underlying data have been shared. Here, we propose a detailed set of criteria to enable such an assessment, focusing on biomedical research. We have used this assessment for the distribution of performance-oriented funding at a large university hospital, as well as for monitoring of data sharing practices in a dashboard. In addition to fully open data, we include a separate set of criteria for datasets with restricted access, which we also reward. The criteria are in part inspired by the FAIR principles, with a focus on findability and accessibility, but do not map onto individual principles. The criteria attribute open data status in a binary fashion, both to individual datasets and, ultimately, the article with which they were shared. The criteria allow a verifiable assessment, based on an automated and a manual screening step, which we have implemented and validated, as described elsewhere. In the present article, we focus on the conceptual level of assessing the presence of shared data.
CRRESS - Session 3 - Should Reproducibility Be Part of the Undergraduate Curriculum?
Authors: Mendez-Carbajo Diego
Published: February 2023

Panelists will discuss teaching reproducibility (TIER Protocol), the involvement of undergraduates for replications based on restricted-access data, and other topics. The session is in person at the Southern Economic Association.
Wavelet-based wavenumber spectral estimate of eddy kinetic energy: Application to the North Atlantic
Authors: Учида Такая , Jamet Quentin , Poje Andrew , Wienders Nico , Dewar William
Published: February 2023

An ensemble of eddy-rich North Atlantic simulations is analyzed, providing estimates of eddy kinetic energy (EKE) wavenumber spectra and spectral budgets below the mixed layer where energy input from surface convection is negligible. A wavelet transform technique is used to estimate a spatially localized `pseudo-Fourier' spectrum, permitting comparisons to be made between spectra at different locations in a highly inhomogeneous and anisotropic environment (Uchida et al., 2023). The EKE spectra tend to be stable in time but the spectral budgets are highly time dependent. We find evidence of a Gulf Stream imprint on the near Gulf Stream eddy field appearing as enhanced levels of EKE in the (nominally) North-South direction relative to the East-West direction. Surprisingly, this signature of anisotropy holds into the quiescent interior with a tendency of the orientation aligned with maximum EKE being associated with shallower spectral slopes and elevated levels of inverse EKE cascade. Conversely, the angle associated with minimum EKE is aligned with a steeper spectral slope and forward cascade of EKE. A summary conclusion is that the spectral characteristics of eddies in the wind-driven gyre below the mixed layer where submesoscale and frontal dynamics are expected to be weak tend to diverge from expectations built on inertial-range assumptions, which are stationary in time and horizontally isotropic in space.
Identifying analogues for Melimoyu, a long-dormant and data-limited volcano in Chile, through hierarchical clustering
Authors: Burgos Vanesa , Jenkins Susanna , Bono Troncoso Laura , Perales Moya Constanza , Bebbington Mark , Newhall Chris , Amigo Alvaro , Prada Alonso Jesus , Taisne Benoit
Published: February 2023

Melimoyu is a long-dormant and data-limited volcano in the Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ) in Chile with only two confirmed Holocene eruptions (VEI 5). Determining the frequency-magnitude relationship for Melimoyu is challenging due to data scarcity. To supplement the eruption records, we identify analogue volcanoes for Melimoyu (i.e., volcanoes that behave similarly and are identified through shared characteristics) using a quantitative and objective approach. Firstly, we compiled a global database containing 181 variables describing the eruptive history, tectonic setting, rock composition, and morphology of 1428 volcanoes. This database was filtered primarily based on data availability into an input dataset comprising 37 numerical variables for 438 subduction zone volcanoes. Then, we applied Agglomerative Nesting, a bottom-up hierarchical clustering algorithm on three datasets derived from the input dataset: i) raw data, ii) output from a Principal Component Analysis, and iii) weighted data tuned to minimise the dispersion in the absolute probability per VEI. Lastly, we identified the best set of analogues by analysing the dispersion in the absolute probability and applying a set of criteria deemed important by the local geological service, SERNAGEOMIN, and VB. Our analysis shows that the raw data generates a low dispersion and the highest number of analogues (n=20). More than half of these analogues are in the SVZ, suggesting that the tectonic setting plays a key role in the clustering analysis. The f-M relationship modelled from the analogue’s eruption data shows that if Melimoyu has an eruption, there is a 49% probability (50th percentile) of it being VEI≥4. Meanwhile, the annual absolute probability of a VEI≤1, 2, 3, 4, and VEI≥5 eruption at Melimoyu is 4.82x10-4, 1.2x10-3, 1.45x10-4, 9.77x10-4, and 8.3x10-4 (50th percentile), respectively. Our work shows the importance of using numerical variables to capture the variability across volcanoes and combining quantitative approaches with expert knowledge to assess the suitability of potential analogues. Additionally, this approach allows identifying groups of analogues and can be easily applied to other cases using numerical variables from the global database. Future work will use the analogues to populate an event tree and define eruption source parameters for modelling volcanic hazards at Melimoyu.
Performance and sensitivity of column-wise and pixel-wise methane retrievals for imaging spectrometers
Authors: Ayasse Alana , Cusworth Daniel , O'Neill Kelly , Thorpe Andrew , Duren Riley
Published: February 2023

Airborne imaging spectrometers are increasingly used to map methane (CH4) at high spatial resolution (e.g., 3-5 m). This study presents an analysis of two common approaches to retrieve methane from imaging spectrometer data. The approaches are (1) the columnwise matched filter (CMF), and (2) the physics-based Iterative Maximum A Posteriori – Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (IMAP-DOAS). We use data from a single-blind controlled release experiment to assess the performance of these two retrieval algorithms. We find that the length of the column in the CMF has a large impact on the quantitative results of the CMF and can results in low emissions estimates if proper column length standards are not met. We also find that the IMAP-DOAS derived emission rates showing strong correlation and little bias compared to the in-situ emissions measurements.
Psychometric evaluation of a measure of ADHD symptoms to capture symptoms from childhood to adulthood
Authors: Murray Aja Louise , King Josiah , Xiao Zhuoni , Ribeaud Denis , Eisner Manuel
Published: February 2023

Traditionally attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been conceptualised as a childhood condition; however, there is growing recognition that ADHD symptoms also commonly impact adults. Research has also highlighted considerable individual differences in ADHD symptom trajectories from childhood to adulthood. To better illuminate the lifespan development of ADHD symptoms, psychometric measures of ADHD symptoms are needed that can capture symptoms reliably, validly, and comparably from childhood to adulthood in research studies. Few such measures exist; however, the items of the ADHD subscale of the Social Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ-ADHD) provide strong candidates for an existing measure that can meet this need. In this study we evaluate the psychometric properties of the self-report version of the SBQ-ADHD as administered in adulthood (ages 20 and 24) to a large normative sample. We also examine the cross-informant (parent-teacher-self- reports) and developmental (age 7-24) measurement invariance of a core SBQ-ADHD item set. Results suggest that support for the SBQ-ADHD scores as a measure of adult ADHD symptoms in terms of internal consistency reliability, gender measurement invariance, and convergent validity. Items from the core set showed evidence of non-invariance for specific ages and informants, providing insights into how ADHD symptoms may manifest and/or be perceived differently by different informants and at different ages. Overall, however, results suggest that a partial invariance measurement model using the core item set could support longitudinal/cross-informant ADHD research spanning childhood to adulthood. Taken together, our findings support the use of the SBQ-ADHD items for developmental studies of ADHD symptoms from childhood to adulthood.
Socio-affective Dynamics of Psychopathy in Daily Life
Authors: Vize Colin , Scott Lori , Wright Aidan G.C. , Kamarck Thomas
Published: February 2023

Affective and interpersonal features of psychopathy are considered hallmarks of the disorder. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA), well-suited to examine dynamic processes in day-to-day life, has not been used to study how psychopathy influences emotional experiences and interpersonal behavior in adults. This preregistered study examined how psychopathy relates to socio-affective processes in daily life. Two samples enriched for traits related to psychopathy (Sample 1 N=142; Sample 2 N=159) completed EMA protocols focused on a variety of interpersonal and affective experiences (Observation N=8,137 to 16,460). The samples differed in sex and socioeconomic, age, and ethnic diversity, which allowed us to examine the replicability and generalizability of results. Results showed that psychopathy was related to distinct affective experiences in both samples (e.g., increased hostile affect), but was unrelated to diversity in affective experiences, and rarely moderated within-person socio-affective processes. Future directions for research on the affective and interpersonal processes of psychopathy are discussed.