bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Glycerol tributylate promoted the liver lipid metabolism by cultivating the intestinal flora of Grass carp
Authors: Ji Yan , Hu Bing , Wang Youzhen , Dong Guifang , Zhang Chi , Yu Denghang
Published: September 2023

To investigate the effects of glycerol tributyrin (TB) on the regulation of liver lipid metabolism by intestinal flora of grass carp. The compound feed with soybean oil 2.8% + fish oil 1.8%, soybean oil 6.3% + fish oil 1.8% and soybean oil 6.2% + fish oil 1.8% + TB 0.1% were added to the basal diet as a fat source and fed to the basal (Control) group, high lipid (HL) group, and tributyrin (TB) group, respectively. After 12 weeks, 16S rRNA sequencing was conducted on the intestinal flora of grass carp. The results found that the grass carp intestinal microflora in the TB group was more abundant and complex than in the HL group, with a number of novel and unique microflora. To summarize, a high-fat diet can induce the development of nutritional fatty liver in the host by affecting the composition of the intestinal microbial community, and TB can exert its lipid-lowering effects under high-fat diet conditions by affecting the composition of the intestinal microbial community.
Seabed Benchmark System in Aira Caldera
Authors: Tsutsui Tomoki , Miki Daisuke , Iguchi Masato
Published: September 2023

This paper describes the performance of a seabed benchmark system for measuring ground deformation associated with underwater volcanism. The system is installed in the center of the Aira Caldera, Japan, on the caldera floor 30 meters below the sea surface. This is the first attempt to directly measure the expected ground deformation within a flooded caldera in Japan. The system consists of an anchor, a universal joint, a rigid steel pillar, a float and a deck. A global navigation satellite system antenna array, consisting of a master antenna and auxiliary antennas, is installed at the top of the freely tilting pillar to monitor the position of the benchmark at the caldera bottom. A post-processing procedure is used to reduce the tilt of the master antenna based on measurements made by the auxiliary antennas. The system was installed in March, 2023, and has since been operating successfully with an acceptable measurement standard deviation.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Of Bladder Voiding Using 3D Dynamic MRI: A Pilot Study
Authors: Shahid Labib , Gonzalez-Pereira Juan Pablo , Johnson Cody , Bushman Wade , Roldán-Alzate Alejandro
Published: September 2023

Over the last couple of decades, image-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has revolutionized cardiovascular research by uncovering hidden features of wall strain, impact of vortices, and its use in treatment planning, as examples, that were simply not evident in the gold-standard catheterization studies done previously. In the work presented here, we have applied magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based CFD to study bladder voiding and to demonstrate the feasibility and potential of this approach. We used 3D dynamic MRI to image the bladder and urethra during voiding. A surface mesh processing tool was developed to process the bladder wall prior to executing a wall-motion driven CFD simulation of the bladder and urethra. The obtained flow rate and pressure were used to calculate urodynamic nomograms which are currently used in the clinincal setting to assess bladder voiding dysfunction. These nomograms concluded that our healthy volunteer has an unobstructed bladder and normal contractility. We calculated the work done to void the bladder and propose this as an additional quantitative metric to comprehensively assess bladder function. Further, we discuss the areas that would improve this relatively new methodology of image-based CFD in urodynamics.
Generation Whatsup: Inter-Brain Synchrony during Face-to-Face and Texting Communication
Authors: Schwartz Linoy , Hayut Olga , Endevelt-Shapira Yaara , Feldman Ruth
Published: September 2023

Texting has become one of the most prevalent ways to interact socially, particularly among youth; however, the effects of text messaging on social brain functioning are unknown. Guided by the biobehavioral synchrony frame, this pre-registered study utilized hyperscanning EEG to evaluate interbrain synchrony during face-to-face versus texting interactions. Participants included 65 mother-adolescent (M = 12.28 years, range 10–15) dyads, observed during face-to-face conversation compared to texting from different rooms. The results indicate that both face-to-face and texting communication elicit significant neural synchrony compared to surrogate data, demonstrating for the first time brain-to-brain synchrony during texting. Direct comparison between the two interactions pinpointed 8 fronto-temporal interbrain links that are unique to the face-to-face interaction, suggesting that partners jointly create a fronto-temporal network during live social exchanges. Improvement in the partners' right-frontal-right-frontal connectivity from texting to live interactions correlated with greater behavioral synchrony, linking this well-researched neural connection with greater specificity of face-to-face communication. The findings suggest that while technology-based communication allows humans to synchronize from afar, face-to-face interactions remain the superior mode of communication for interpersonal connection. We conclude by discussing the potential benefits and drawbacks of the pervasive use of texting by youth.
The association of serum dimethylglycine with the risk of cancer
Authors: Zhang Heyang , Wei Yaping , Xie Hailun , Liu Xiaoyue , Liu Lishun , Song Yun , Chen Ping , Wang Xiaobin , Lin Shiqi , Liu Tong , Ge Yizhong , Ruan Guotian , Tang Meng , Song Mengmeng , Shi Han-Ping
Published: September 2023

Background & aims:
Few studies have explored the effect of serum dimethylglycine on cancer risk. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum dimethylglycine and the risk of new cancers.
Methods
We conducted a nested case-control study using data from the "H-type Hypertensive Stroke Prevention and Control Project" on adults with hypertension from the Rongcheng cohort, including 1510 cancer cases and 1510 matched controls. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to study the relationship between serum dimethylglycine and cancer risk.
Results
Participants were 56% male with a mean age of 69.45 ± 7.73 years. A multivariate-adjusted restricted cubic spline plot showed that serum dimethylglycine concentrations were positively and non-linearly associated with cancer risk. Multivariate logistic regression results showed that with a cut-off value of 1.05ug/mL, serum dimethylglycine > 1.05ug/mL had a non-linear, positive correlation with the risk of cancer (P = 0.002). Stratified analysis showed that high levels of dimethylglycine and age < 65 years (vs. age ≥ 65 years), males (vs. females), BMI < 24 (vs. BMI ≥ 24kg/m2), no antihypertensive medication use (vs. antihypertensive medication use), no hypoglycemic medication use (vs. hypoglycemic medication use), former smokers (vs. non-smokers), former drinkers (vs. non-drinkers), fruit and vegetable intake (< 0.5 kg/week vs. >0.5 kg/week), or no family history of cancer (vs. family history of cancer) were associated with increased cancer risk. There was a significant interaction between dimethylglycine and hypoglycemic drug use, with high concentrations of dimethylglycine associated with higher cancer risk than low concentrations in patients not taking hypoglycemic drugs (P = 0.035 for interaction).
Conclusions
We found that elevated serum dimethylglycine levels were positively associated with cancer risk in patients with hypertension. Our findings may contribute to future cancer prevention and diagnosis.
The effect of an electronic checklist on the quality of patient handoff process from the operating room to intensive care unit
Authors: Latifinasab Raha , Sheini-Jaberi Parisa , Asadizaker Marzieh , Sharhani Asaad
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Handoffs is one of the main processes in health care providers. Paper checklists are commonly used to handoff from operating room to intensive care units. However, paper checklists do not guarantee accurate and complete exchange of information during handoff. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of electronic handoff tool on improve quality of transfer of care from OR to ICU.
Methods: The research community of this interventional quasi experimetal study included all situations of patient handoff from the OR to ICU of Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz. Handoff situation were randomly distributed in two control and intervention groups. The participants completed the checklists related to 84 transfer situations of patient care from the operating room to the ICU, including 42 handoff situations using electronic checklists as an intervention and 42 handoff situations using conventional paper checklists as a control group. Quality of care handoff was assessed using the Handoover Evaluation Scale (HES). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 22.
Results: HES score in paper checklist group was 35.38 ± 3.66, in electronic checklist group was 38.10 ± 3.61. Handoff scores in the two dimensions of quality of information and efficiency in the group using the electronic checklist were statistically significantly higher than the paper checklist group (P= 0.004).
Conclusion: It seams implementation and adherence of electronic handoff tool, developmented in this study, dramatically increased the quality of patient handoff process from OR to ICU.
On the restriction of a right process outside a negligible set
Authors: Li Liping , Michael Röckner
Published: September 2023

The objective of this paper is to examine the restriction of a right process on a Radon topological space, excluding a negligible set, and investigate whether the restricted object can induce a Markov process with desirable properties. We address this question in three aspects: the induced process necessitates only right continuity; it is a right process, and the semi-Dirichlet form of the induced process is quasi-regular. The main findings characterize the negligible set that meets the requirements within a universally measurable framework. These characterizations can be employed to generate instances of Markov processes that are non-right or (semi-)Dirichlet forms that are non-quasi-regular. Specifically, we will construct an example of a non-tight, strong Feller, symmetric right process on a non-Lusin Radon topological space, whose Dirichlet form is not quasi-regular.
Ultrasonographic contrast and therapeutic effects of hydrogen peroxide- responsive nanoparticles in a rat model with sciatic neuritis
Authors: Kim Da-Sol , Jo Nam-Gyu , Lee Dong-Won , Ko Myoung-Hwan , Seo Jeong-Hwan , Kim Gi-Wook
Published: September 2023

Background Peripheral nerve damage lacks an appropriate diagnosis consistent with the patient's symptoms, despite expensive magnetic resonance imaging or electrodiagnostic assessments that cause discomfort. Ultrasonography is valuable for diagnosing and treating nerve lesions; however, it is unsuitable for detecting small lesions. Poly(vanillin-oxalate) (PVO) nanoparticles are prepared from vanillin, a phytochemical with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Previously, PVO nanoparticles were cleaved by H2O2 to release vanillin, exert therapeutic efficacy, and generate CO2 to increase ultrasound contrast. However, the role of PVO nanoparticles in peripheral nerve lesion models is still unknown. Herein, we aimed to determine whether PVO nanoparticles can function as contrast and therapeutic agents for nerve lesions.
Methods To induce sciatic neuritis, rats were administered a perineural injection of carrageenan using a nerve stimulator under ultrasonographic guidance, and PVO nanoparticles were injected perineurally to evaluate ultrasonographic contrast and therapeutic effects. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was performed to detect mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, i.e., tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and cyclooxygenase-2.
Results In the rat model of sciatic neuritis, PVO nanoparticles generated CO2 bubbles to increase ultrasonographic contrast, and a single perineural injection of PVO nanoparticles suppressed the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and cyclooxygenase-2, reduced the expression of F4/80, and increased the expression of GAP43.
Conclusions The results of the current study suggest that PVO nanoparticles could be developed as ultrasonographic contrast agents and therapeutic agents for nerve lesions.
SARS-CoV-2 remodels the landscape of small non-coding RNAs with infection time and symptom severity
Authors: Gomez Gustavo , Corell-Sierra Julia , Marquez-Molins Joan , Marqués María-Carmen , Montagud-Martínez Roser , Cebriá-Mendoza María , Cuevas José , Albert Eliseo , Navarro David , Rodrigo Guillermo
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has significantly impacted global health, stressing the necessity of basic understanding of the host response to this viral infection. In this study, we investigated how SARS-CoV-2 remodels the landscape of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNA) from a large collection of nasopharyngeal swab samples taken at various time points from patients with distinct symptom severity. High-throughput RNA sequencing analysis revealed a global alteration of the sncRNA landscape, with abundance peaks related to species of 21-23 and 32-33 nucleotides. Principal component analysis successfully discriminated infected patients based on the sncRNA profiles. Host-derived sncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), and small nucleolar RNAs (sdRNAs) exhibited significant differential expression in infected patients compared to controls. Importantly, miRNA expression was predominantly down-regulated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially in patients with severe symptoms. Furthermore, we identified specific tsRNAs derived from Glu- and Gly-tRNAs as major altered elements upon infection, with 5’ tRNA halves being the most abundant species and suggesting their potential as biomarkers for viral presence and disease severity prediction. Additionally, down-regulation of C/D-box sdRNAs and altered expression of tyRNAs were observed in infected patients. These findings provide valuable insights into the host sncRNA response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and may contribute to the development of further diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the clinic.
Transcriptomic and proteomic features of sperm DNA damage mouse model induced by benzo(a)pyrene
Authors: Zhang Chenming , Ma Yunfeng , Ma Sicheng , Zhang Qi , Chen Rubing , Hua Zhong , Wang Shiqi , Zhang Hao , Wang Zulong
Published: September 2023

BaP, also known as benzo(a)pyrene, is a prevalent organic contaminant that is primarily generated through the burning of fossil fuels. BaP has received widespread attention due to its high carcinogenicity and teratogenicity. The presence of BaP oxidative metabolites inside the human body has been indicated to be correlated with the occurrence of DNA damage in sperm and reduced sperm motility and concentration. The study replicated a mouse model of sperm DNA damage induced by BaP, and the transcriptome and proteome features of the model were examined. Male mice in both groups were subjected to BaP at a dosage of 100 mg/kg/d or an equivalent quantity of saline solution for a duration of 60 days. Subsequently, the assessment of the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) in sperm was carried out using a sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA). To identify the expression patterns of mRNA and proteins in the testis, we used RNA-seq and data-independent acquisition (DIA). The BaP group had a significant elevation in sperm DFI. When comparing the control group to the BaP group, it was observed that the BaP group had differential expression of 240 genes (referred to as DEGs) and 616 proteins (referred to as DEPs). These included Aldh1a1, Cyb5r3, Fads1, Oxsm, Rcn3, and Prss45. Pathways in cancer, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, metabolic pathways, and the MAPK signaling pathway were the primary areas where these genes showed enrichment. Following a period of 60 days of intragastric delivery, our findings demonstrated that the male mouse model experienced sperm DNA damage due to the ingestion of BaP at a dosage of 100 mg/kg/d. The potential for BaP to cause harm to the reproductive system may be associated with its metabolic pathways and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
Knockout of a PLD gene in Schizochytrium limacinum SR21 enhances docosahexaenoic acid accumulation by modulation of the phospholipid profile
Authors: Zhang Yiting , Cui Xiaowen , Lin Shuizhi , Lu Tao , Li Hao , Lu Yinghua , Cao Mingfeng , Lin Xihuang , Ling Xueping
Published: September 2023

Background:
The hydrolysis and transphosphatidylation of phospholipase D (PLD) play important roles in the interconversion of phospholipids (PLs), which has been shown to profoundly impact lipid metabolism in plants. In this study, the effect of the PLD1gene of Schizochytrium limacinum SR21 on lipid metabolismwas investigated.
Results:
PLD1knockout had little impact on cell growth and lipid production, but it significantly improved the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids in lipids, of which docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content increased by 13.3% compared to the wild-type strain. Phospholipomics and qRT-PCR analysis revealed the knockout of PLD1reduced the interexchange and increasedde novo synthesis of PLs, which altered the composition of PLs, accompanied by a decrease in phosphatidylcholine (PC) and an increase in phosphatidylinositol, lysophosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidic acid levels. PLD1 knockout also increased DHA content in triglycerides (TAGs) and decreased it in PLs.
Conclusions:
These results indicate that PLD1 mainly performs the transphosphatidylation activity in Schizochytrium, and its knockout promotes the migration of DHA from PLs to TAGs, which is conducive to DHA accumulation and storage in TAGsvia an acyl CoA-independent pathway. This study provides a novel approach for identifying the mechanism of DHA accumulation and metabolic regulation strategies for DHA production in Schizochytrium.
Effect of dietary supplementation with lycopene on immune organ indices and immunological parameters of broilers fed a diet contaminated with AFB 1
Authors: Sarker Md Touhiduzzaman , Wan Xiao Li , Yang Hai Ming , Wang Zhi Yue , Zheng Chuntian , Chen Wei
Published: September 2023

Background: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary lycopene (LYC) supplementation on immune organ indices, and immunological parameters of broilers fed a diet contaminated with aflatoxinB1 (AFB1). A total of 144 one-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) male broilers were purchased from a commercial hatchery (Nantong, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China). The broiler chicks were randomly allocated into 3 treatment groups with 6 replicates (cages) for each treatment and 8 broilers in each replicate. The three dietary treatments were as follows: (1) a basal diet (control); (2) a 100 µg/kg AFB1 contaminated diet; and (3) a diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg LYC and 100 µg/kg AFB1 (AFB1+LYC).
Results: The carcass characteristic results showed that the live body weight (BWT) was reduced (P < 0.05) in the AFB1-contaminated group compared to the control group. The supplementation of LYC significantly increased (P < 0.05) the BWT and the breast yield in comparison to the AFB1-contaminated group. On the other hand, the thymus weight was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in the AFB1-contaminated group compared to the control group. Our results also demonstrated that 100 µg/kg AFB1 in the broiler diet could reduce the concentration of IgA (immunoglobulin A), CD3 and CD8 in the intestinal mucosa compared to those in the control group. The addition of dietary LYC increased the levels of IgA and CD3, and CD8 T-cell subsets in the broiler small intestine, implying that the immune function of the intestinal mucosa might be improved.
Conclusion: In conclusion, a broiler diet supplemented with LYC can alleviate live weight, immune organ weight, and increase immunological parameters by improving intestinal damage.
CDK inhibitors are a promising treatment for malignant melanoma with CIC mutation
Authors: Yu Biao , Zhang Xinwei , Yao Xinyuan , Qian Xiaoying , Wang Yong , Hong Weiwei , Fang Chen , Yuan Shangkun , Huang Cheng , Wang Tong , Zhou Bingbiao , Ye Xin , Li Yong
Published: September 2023

Background: Capicua (CIC) is a highly conserved high mobility group protein repressor that is mainly involved in mammalian development and homeostasis. Recent findings have shown that CIC mutation can lead to tumor progression and metastasis in various cancers, while the effect of CIC mutation on melanoma has not been reported. This study investigated the clinical and biological significance of CIC in melanoma.
Methods: This study reviewed the treatment of a 34-year-old Chinese female patient with malignant melanoma (MM) harboring CIC mutation. We further analyzed the mutational status, gene expression differences, and drug resistance of CIC from TCGA and GDSC databases. Simultaneously, we conducted A375, Hs294T cell proliferation, migration assays, Western blot assays for the downstream target gene expression after CIC knockdown, and in vivo animal experiments to analyze the effect of CIC expression on MM. Furthermore, CCK-8 and Clone-formation assays were conducted to assess the effect of the CDK inhibitor Dinaciclib on the proliferation of cells with decreased CIC expression.
Results: Here, we reported a metastatic MM harboring CIC mutation was effective with Lenvatinib combined with Crizotinib for the first time, while chemotherapy, cytokines, and immunotherapy were ineffective. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated silencing CIC gene expression profoundly augmented cell proliferation and metastasis, while concurrently upregulating MMP-9 expression and stimulating EMT. Moreover, the CDK inhibitor Dinaciclib had a pronounced inhibitory effect on MM cells, regardless of CIC gene knockdown.
Conclusion: CIC gene knockdown boosts MM growth and metastasis and CDK inhibitors hold promise for treating malignant melanoma.
Physicochemical Properties and Molecular Characterization of Microbial Flora of Imported WheatFlour in Port Harcourt Metropolis
Authors: Ujong A.E , Ohanehi H.A
Published: September 2023

The Physicochemical properties and molecular characterization of microbial flora of imported wheat flour in Port Harcourt metropolis was investigated. Imported wheat flour was purchased from five locations in Port Harcourt. Flour samples were collected over a six weeks period on a weekly basis. The samples were subjected to physicochemical analysis, microbial counts and molecular identification of fungal species and compared with crushed wheat sample. The result of the physicochemical analysis over a six weeks period revealed a moisture range of 12–14%, protein content range of 10.95–13.21%, falling number of 260-387sec, particle size of 0.12–0.30µm and water absorption capacity range of 60.00-62.10%. Ash content of the flours collected ranged from 0.60–0.75% while that of the flour milled crushed sample ranged from 1.20–1.65% higher than the NIS standard. Throughout the collection period, moisture, ash, and protein contents of the wheat flour samples collected did not exceed standards set for wheat flour. Microbial counts of the samples also revealed total bacteria count range of NG (no growth) to 4.90×10− 4cfu/g, total mould count range of 1.50×10− 4-4.87×10− 4cfu/gand total yeast count range of NG to 4.49×10− 3cfu/g with low counts observed for the flour mill crushed wheat sample. Microbial counts of the samples throughout the period of collection were also within the acceptable statutory limits for wheat flour. Results of the molecular identification of the isolates shoed the presence of A.nigerand Aspergillus sydowii, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium lichenicola, Penicilliumgriseofulvum, Cladosporium tenuissimum and Hypopichiaburtonii. Of all the species isolates, Fusarium lichenicolawas the most frequently identified in the studied samples which encourages future studies on the research of toxins in these samples.It is therefore recommended that wheat flour for sales in open market by retailers should be stored in a cool and dry condition to prevent rapid spoilage and less performance.
Developing the theory of Toxic Chemotherapeutic Nutrition for Cancer Cells: Glucosodiene Polymer Structure, Safety, Efficacy, and Human Outcomes in Targeting Tumors via Glucose Mutation.
Authors: Akl Maher Monir , Ahmed Amr
Published: September 2023

Cancer is a complex genetic disease characterized by aberrant cellular behaviors, including uncontrolled growth, invasion, and metastasis. The development of personalized treatment strategies based on genomic profiling has led to improved outcomes. Recent scientific endeavors have focused on targeting cancer through metabolic approaches, capitalizing on the altered metabolic pathways in cancer cells. Glucosodiene polymer, a newly derived compound from glucose, has shown promising results in inhibiting glucose metabolism and modifying the tumor's microenvironment acidity. The Maher Akl Theory proposes a strategic approach to target cancerous tumors by inhibiting glucose metabolism and altering the tumor's microenvironment acidity using glucose isomer polymers. The goal is to disrupt the metabolic activity of the tumor and potentially modify and control the disease. This manuscript provides an overview of the metabolic vulnerabilities of cancer cells, evaluates the synthesis and chemical structure of glucosodiene, documents its safety, and explores its potential as a targeted therapy for cancer treatment. Additionally, a subset of successful clinical trials is presented, focusing on a case of successful treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with glucosodiene. The potential mechanisms of action of glucosodiene in cancer, including its impact on glucose metabolism, modulation of signaling pathways, and immune-enhancing effects, are discussed.
Smart Luxury Shoppers’ Behaviour in China: Omni-Channel Perspectives of Gen Y Consumers
Authors: Oe Hiroko , Yamaoka Yasuyuki
Published: September 2023

This study examines luxury goods purchasing behaviour among Chinese Generation Y consumers in the omni-channel retail context. Traditionally, in-store purchases were favoured for luxury items due to the tactile experience and quality assessment during decision-making. However, the unprecedented impact of COVID-19 has transformed consumer behaviour. People now navigate complex decisions, embracing various channels, including online platforms. With a dataset of 354 survey responses, this study employs quantitative analysis and structural equation modelling to uncover the factors influencing Chinese Generation Y consumers’ purchasing choices. The findings reveal that Generation Y luxury shoppers prioritise convenience and channel benefits. They also emphasise information sharing and community engagement, fostering shared experiences on retail platforms. Interestingly, this contradicts previous findings favouring offline channels such as webrooming. Ultimately, this study uncovers a behavioural trend where tech-savvy young consumers exhibit characteristics indicative of an interconnected marketplace. They prioritise convenience and mutual support through shared information in the luxury goods community, regardless of the item’s price tag. These insights provide valuable resources for marketers and researchers navigating luxury goods promotion. As online purchasing behaviours continue to evolve, these findings facilitate impactful discussions and informed strategies within the dynamic luxury market.
Exploring Indonesian Learners’ Attitudes and Beliefs toward English Accents: A Case Study in an Indonesian University
Authors: Khazanah Dewianti
Published: September 2023

This study reported the attitudes of 67 Indonesian English language learners toward British, American, and their own English accents and explored the underlying reasons motivating these attitudes. The participants’ English proficiency ranged from intermediate to advanced proficiency and confirmed either or both direct and indirect exposures to intercultural communication with speakers of English of other nationalities. The participants were required to listen to three audio samples, Received Pronunciation (RP), General American (GA), and Indonesian accented English (IAE), and to rate the accents on ‘standard’, ‘intelligent’, ‘polite’, and ‘pleasant’ traits. To seek the significant overall mean scores and the meaningful scores across the groups, ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey test were used. The results of the interview, additionally, were analyzed using content analysis techniques to find meaningful categories to clarify such emerging perceptions. The results show an overall positive attitude toward all three accents with the Indonesian accent perceived significantly more positively compared to the other two on the ‘intelligent’, ‘polite’, and ‘pleasant’ traits. The more positive evaluation of their own accent was driven by the realization that mutual intelligibility is more important than prestige, and there is a need for cultural value projections, that is, to use their own accent to channel politeness. These results call for the reinforcement of mutual intelligibility as the core of assessment and acceptance of local accents in classrooms. This can be channeled through the active promotion of audio samples demonstrating different varieties of English in the class instead of focusing exclusively on RP and GA; and through teachers’ acceptance of students’ intelligible local accents.
Limits to gauge coupling in the dark sector of super-heavy dark matter particles from the Pierre Auger Observatory data
Authors: Deligny Olivier
Published: September 2023

Assuming that the energy density of super-heavy particles matches
that of dark matter observed today, tight constraints on the couplings
governing the decay process are presented as a function of the particle
mass. These constraints are obtained from the lack of signatures that
would be suggestive of decaying super-heavy
XX
particles in the data of the Pierre Auger Observatory. In particular,
instanton-induced decay processes allow us to derive a bound on the
reduced coupling constant of gauge interactions in the dark sector:
\alpha_X \lesssim 0.09αX≲0.09,
for 10^{9} \lesssim M_X/\mathrm{GeV} < 10^{19}109≲MX/GeV<1019.
Cosmological aspects for super-heavy dark matter production during the
reheating epoch are discussed.
TAIGA - An advanced hybrid detector complex for astroparticle physics and high energy gamma-ray astronomy
Authors: Budnev Nikolay M. , Astapov I. , Bezyazeekov P. , Bonvech E. , Borodin A. , Bulan A. , Chernov D. , Chiavassa Andrea , Dyachok A. , Gafarov A. , Garmash A. , Grebenyuk V. , Gress E. , Gress O. , Gress T. , Grinyuk A. , Grishin O. , Ivanova A. D. , Ivanova Anna L. , Kalmykov N. , Kindin V. V. , Kiryuhin S. , Kokoulin R. , Kompaniets K. , Korosteleva E. , Kozhin V. , Kravchenko E. , Kryukov A. , Kuzmichev L. , Lagutin A. , Lavrova M. , Lemeshev Y. , Lubsandorzhiev B. , Lubsandorzhiev N. , Lukanov A. , Lukyantsev D. , Malakhov S. , Mirgazov R. , Monkhoev R. , Osipova E. , Pakhorukov A. , Pankov L. , Pan A. , Panov A. , Petrukhin A. A. , Poddubny I. , Podgrudkov D. , Ponomareva V. , Popova E. , Postnikov E. , Prosin Vasily , Ptuskin V. , Pushnin A. , Raikin R. , Razumov Alexander , Rubtsov G. , Ryabov E. , Samoliga V. , Satyshev A. , Silaev Alexey A. , Silaev Alexander A. , Sidorenkov A. , Skurikhin A. , Sokolov A. , Sveshnikova L. , Tabolenko V. , Tkachev L. , Tanaev A. , Ternovoy M. , Togoo R. , Ushakov N. , Vaidyanathan A. , Volchugov P. , Volkov N. , Voronin D. , Zagorodnikov A. , Zhurov D. , Yashin I. I.
Published: September 2023

The physical motivations, present status, main results in study of cosmic rays and in the field of gamma-ray astronomy as well future plans of the TAIGA-1 (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma Astronomy) project are presented. The TAIGA observatory addresses ground-based gamma-ray astronomy and astroparticle physics at energies from a few TeV to several PeV, as well as cosmic ray physics from 100 TeV to several EeV. The pilot TAIGA-1 complex is located in the Tunka valley, ~50 km west from the southern tip of the lake Baikal.
CORSIKA 8 - the next-generation air shower simulation framework
Authors: Huege Tim
Published: September 2023

For more than 20 years, the community has heavily relied on CORSIKA for the simulation of extensive air showers, their Cherenkov light emission and their radio signals. While tremendously successful, the Fortran-based monolithic design of CORSIKA up to version 7 limits adaptation to new experimental needs, for example, in complex scenarios where showers transition from air into dense media, and to new computing paradigms such as the use of multi-core and GPU parallelization. With CORSIKA 8, we have reimplemented the core functionality of CORSIKA in a modern, modular, C++-based simulation framework, and successfully validated it against CORSIKA 7. Here, we discuss the philosophy of CORSIKA 8, showcase some example applications, and present the current state of implementation as well as the plans for the future.
Primary cosmic ray energy spectrum and mean mass composition using data from the TAIGA astrophysical complex
Authors: Prosin Vasily , Astapov I. , Bezyazeekov P. , Bonvech E. , Borodin A. , Bulan A. , Chiavassa Andrea , Chernov D. , Dyachok A. , Gafarov A. , Garmash A. , Grebenyuk V. , Gress O. , Gress E. , Gress T. , Grinyuk A. , Grishin O. , Ivanova A. D. , Ivanova Anna L. , Kalmykov N. , Kindin V. V. , Kiryuhin S. , Kokoulin R. , Kompaniets K. , Korosteleva E. , Kozhin V. , Kravchenko E. , Kryukov A. , Kuzmichev L. , Lagutin A. , Lavrova M. , Lemeshev Y. , Lubsandorzhiev B. , Lubsandorzhiev N. , Lukanov A. , Lukyantsev D. , Malakhov S. , Mirgazov R. , Monkhoev R. , Okuneva E. , Osipova E. , Pakhorukov A. , Pan A. , Panasenko L. , Pankov L. , Panov A. , Petrukhin A. A. , Poddubny I. , Podgrudkov D. , Poleschuk V. , Ponomareva V. , Popova E. , Postnikov E. , Ptuskin V. , Pushnin A. , Raikin R. , Razumov Alexander , Rubtsov G. , Ryabov E. , Sagan Y. , Samoliga V. , Silaev Alexander A. , Silaev Alexey A. , Sidorenkov A. , Skurikhin A. , Sokolov A. , Sveshnikova L. , Tabolenko V. , Tanaev A. , Tarashchansky B. , Ternovoy M. , Tkachev L. , Togoo R. , Ushakov N. , Vaidyanathan A. , Volchugov P. , Volkov N. , Voronin D. , Zagorodnikov A. , Zhaglova A. , Zhurov D. , Yashin I. I.
Published: September 2023

The corrected dependence of the mean depth of the EAS maximum X_{max}Xmax on the energy was obtained from the data of the Tunka-133 array for 7 years and the TAIGA-HiSCORE array for 2 years. The parameter \langle\ln A\rangle⟩lnA⟪, characterizing the mean mass compositon was derived from these results. The differential energy spectrum of primary cosmic rays in the energy range of 2\cdot 10^{14}2⋅1014 – 2\cdot 10^{16}2⋅1016 eV was reconstructed using the new parameter Q_{100}Q100 the Cherenkov light flux at the core distance 100 m. Change of the parameter for the energy reconstuction for the TAIGA-HiSCORE from Q_{200}Q200 to Q_{100}Q100 provides a decreasing energy threshold for the spectrum to about 200 TeV.
A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY OF CHALLENGES AND BARRIERS OF PSYCHO SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT TO HIV POSITIVE STATUS FACED BY HIV POSITIVE ADOLESCENTS IN JAMNAGAR DISTRICT
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine Swaminarayan Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Kalol, Ghandhinagar, Gujarat., Prajapati Nilesh , Khokhar Tejal ,   Assistant Professor, Department of PrasutiTantra&StreeRoga (PTSR) Ananya College of Ayurveda, Kalol, Ghandhinagar, Gujarat., Yagnik Hardik ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine Ananyacollege of Medicine & Research, Kalol, Ghandhinagar, Gujarat.
Published: September 2023

Background: Adolescents constitute 22% of Indias population.There are total 5.8 million people living with HIV in India, 2018. Over 35% of all reported AIDS cases in India occur among young people in the age group of 15-24 years. Aim & Objectives: To document the factors affecting the psycho- social adjustment to HIV Positive status among HIV Positive adolescents. Material &Method: It was a hospital based cross sectional study (quantitative component).There were 108 HIV positive adolescents registered upto February, 2020 at ART Centre, Jamnagar (Tertiary care institute), Gujarat. Out of 108 HIV positive adolescents, I approached 84 adolescents during their regular monthly follow up visit for treatment and counselling at ART center. 24 subjects from ART register were not included in this study because either lost to follow up at ART center or death. Out of 84 subjects only 77 were disclosed their HIV status and consented to be enrolled and interviewed under the study. Pretested semi-structured questionnaire provided to participants which containing socio-demographic information, issues during transition for adjustment within the family and society and status disclosure were filled up for quantitative data. Study was approved by Institutional Ethical Committee, shrim.p.shahgovt medical college, Jamnagar, gujarat and also approved by Gujarat state AIDS Control Society, Ahmedabad. Results:Mean age of participants was 14.88 years (SDÂ± 2.52). Most of them were boys (55.80%) and Hindu by cast (92.20%). Majority of the participants belonged to Nuclear type of family (87.01%) and living with biological parent/parents (87.01%). Majority participants had their mother positive (80.51%) followed by father (66.23%). Majority of the participants were disclosed about their status by first degree relative (mostly mother or father) (75.32%). Only 1(1.31%) participants, reported problem in consuming medicine after transition to adult clinic. Conclusion: Stigma and Discrimination plays a pivotal role in the psychological health of HIV adolescents and loss of parents was found to have a significant impact on the psycho-social adjustment among these adolescents. The knowledge regarding the spread of HIV & its various routes of transmission was found to be low in some study participants.
STATUS OF INSURANCE IN THE FISHERIES SECTOR OF INDIA
Authors:   ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal., Kumar Sumit , Goswami Kusumlata ,   College of Fisheries, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar.
Published: September 2023

Indias fisheries sector has grown rapidly during the last six decades. Risks associated with capture fisheries include trawler damage or destruction, equipment and gear failure, catch loss, and maritime casualties. With the exception of a few tiny local public sector insurers and cooperatives, neither the federal nor state governments have paid attention to this industry. Since the Insurance Regulation and Development Authority liberalised the insurance industry, about 35 private enterprises have been registered (IRDA). A range of obstacles and concerns usually arise as a result of the adoption of fisheries insurance. Combined with governance reforms, technology has the potential to significantly improve efficiency, transparency, and moral hazard in fisheries insurance.
HEALTH CARE SEEKING BEHAVIOUR IN RURAL AURANGABAD: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Junior Resident, Department Of Community Medicine, Government Medical CollegeAurangabad., Raut Samadhan , Doibale Mohan ,   Professor and HoD, Department Of Community Medicine, Government Medical CollegeAurangabad., Makar Vikas ,   Assistant Professor, Department Of Community Medicine, Government Medical CollegeAurangabad., Shaikh Rahil ,   Junior Resident, Department Of Community Medicine, Government Medical CollegeAurangabad., Suresh Anu ,   Junior Resident, Department Of Community Medicine, Government Medical CollegeAurangabad.
Published: September 2023

Background: Due to modernization and advances, health care services are quietly improved but at the same time, health seeing behaviour is altered too. After National Rural Health Mission, Public Health Care system have drastically improved in terms of Infrastructure and health workers. Promotion to other treatment pathies by government as AYUSH made awareness to people to have alternate to have extra options. Even in private sector, specialist services are available at Block level. Handy phones and quick availability of treating health care persons as well as over the counter medicine made people to seek health care need easily. Still morbidity and mortality pattern for some illnesses remain part of concern. Objective: To assess healthcare seeking behaviour among rural population in Aurangabad Materials/Methods:The Cross-sectional study was conducted in rural field practice area of GMC Aurangabad. Takinghealth seeking behaviour prevalence as 34.5%, sample size was calculated using Cochranes formula as 376 taking relative error 5% with 10% non-response rate. By systematic random sampling one member from each household interviewed after taking prior consent.Interview was done usingpredesigned questionnaire and data on age,sex, occupation, educational status, treatment seeking approach in illnesses was collected. Data wasanalysed using descriptive statistical methods using MS Excel 365 and SPSS 29 trial version. Results: As seen 74% respondents have inhibitions in discussing health issue with family members and 59% require permission from head of the family to access health care services. Seventy-three percent respondents are aware of nearby health care delivery system, 60% care to approach nearby healthcare system when ill. After becoming ill, twenty-four% gets some medicine from the nearby medical drug store while 20% still approach nearby spiritual healers for treatment. Conclusion:Health issue discussions inhibited by gender, occupation, marital status, and literacy. Treatment choice based on fees for working individuals. Health centre awareness linked to gender and literacy. Marital status and literacy impact healthcare decision-making.
SYMPTOMATIC OUTCOME IN CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS PATIENTS AFTER ENDOSCOPIC SINUS SURGERY - A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Associate Professor, ENT Department, Govt. Medical College, Kota, Rajasthan, India., Mittal Payal , Mittal Payal ,   Associate Professor, ENT Department, Govt. Medical College, Kota, Rajasthan, India.
Published: September 2023

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses that is frequent. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is commonly used to treat intractable CRS cases. Although the effect of ESS on CRS symptoms has been researched, the pattern of symptom relief after ESS for CRS remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent and order of symptom improvement following ESS for CRS. This was a long-term prospective study of 54 CRS patients. The Sino-nasal Outcome Test- 22 (SNOT-22) questionnaire was utilised for assessment at five periods throughout the study: pre-ESS, one week after ESS, one month, three months, and six months after ESS. The following differences in mean scores were seen between pre-ESS and 6 months post-ESS for the five SNOT-22 domains: rhinologic symptoms, extra-nasal rhinologic symptoms, ear/facial symptoms, psychological dysfunction, and sleep dysfunction (p-value = 0.001). Understanding the pattern of symptom improvement after ESS for CRS will benefit in patient counselling and the optimisation of current treatment protocols in order to maximise surgical results and quality of life.
NEEDS ANALYSIS OF PHYSICS E-MODULE BASED ON PROBLEM BASED LEARNING MODEL INTEGRATED 21ST CENTURY LEARNING
Authors:   Student of Magister Degree Program of Physics Education, Universitas Negeri Padang Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat Padang-25131, Indonesia., Nilyani Korry , a Ratnawulan ,   Lecturer of Master Degree Program of Physics Education, Universitas Negeri Padang Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat Padang-25131, Indonesia.
Published: September 2023

In the 21st century, science and technology are developing very rapidly. We as humans live in this century so that we can participate and follow progress. Learning in the 21st century emphasizes several skills such as creativity, critical thinking, communication and collaboration skills. Therefore, in facing this era, learning must be able to produce students who have various skills to achieve success in life. However, the facts found in the 21st century skills field are still relatively low. The problem based learning model is a learning model that is able to improve students 21st century abilities. This study aims to identify problems in schools and basic needs as material for consideration in the development of physics e-modules. This research is a preliminary research with the Plomp development model. The results of this preliminary study are (a) printed books are still dominantly used in schools, there are no teaching materials integrated with 21st century learning, the learning system tends to follow conventional methods (b) The average 21st century skills of students are still at a percentage of 68.86% in the sufficient category (c) the average results of the analysis of student characteristics are still lacking (d) The problem based learning model is considered effective for improving students 21st century skills.
LANALYSE APPLIQUEE DU COMPORTEMENT (ABA) DANS LA PRISE EN CHARGE DENFANTS ATTEINTS DE TSA : A PROPOS DE 80 CAS
Authors:   Unite de Pedopsychiatrie, Hopital Universitaire Psychiatrique Ar Razi de Sale., Belhadga Hajar , El Maataoui Zahra ,   Unite de Pedopsychiatrie, Hopital Universitaire Psychiatrique Ar Razi de Sale., Kisra Hassan ,   Unite de Pedopsychiatrie, Hopital Universitaire Psychiatrique Ar Razi de Sale.
Published: September 2023

Introduction : Le trouble du spectre de lautisme (TSA) est un trouble neurodeveloppemental presentant des defis significatifs dans le domaine de la communication, du comportement et des interactions sociales des enfants. La prise en charge des enfants atteints de TSA constitue un domaine detude et dintervention crucial pour les professionnels de sante mentale, notamment au sein de services de pedopsychiatrie. Objectif :Cette etude se concentre sur lutilisation de lABLLS pour evaluer les progres des enfants atteints de TSA participant a un programme ABA a lhopital de jour. Les domaines damelioration comprennent la communication verbale, la scolarisation, les competences sociales integratives et lavis des parents sur levolution. Methode : Un echantillon 80 enfants atteints de TSA ayant suivi un programmes de therapie ABA a ete inclus. Diverses variables demographiques, psychosociales, cliniques et les resultats de levaluation par lABLLS ont egalement ete examinees. Des analyses statistiques ont ete effectuees pour determiner les correlations significatives. Resultats :Les resultats ont montre que lABA a ameliore la communication, les competences sociales et la scolarisation, avec une correlation positive a la duree de traitement. La multiplicite des domaines travailles a montre des correlations avec la severite de lautisme et dautres facteurs. Lanalyse de regression a revele que lamelioration des enfants est associee a un nombre eleve de domaines acquis. A linverse, des facteurs comme le bas niveau socio-economique, le retard dans la prise en charge, labsence de langage, la severite du TSA et le nombre eleve de domaines non acquis sont lies a une evolution moins favorable. Conclusion : Notre etude suggere limportance cruciale dune intervention precoce et individualisee, mettant en avant lapproche de lAnalyse Comportementale Appliquee pour les enfants souffrant de TSA.