bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neonatal Antibiotic Exposure and the Risk of Childhood Obesity in South Bronx Pediatric Population
Authors: Awujoola Adeola , Torga Ana , Avades Meriam , Prince Olaseni , Ankola Pratibha
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND
Currently, 1 in 3 children in the United States is diagnosed as overweight or obese. The intestinal microbiome is associated with the development of early-onset obesity and chronic inflammatory diseases. Alteration of the gut microbiome through antibiotic exposure has been implicated in weight gain in animal models. However, research on similar effects in humans remained inconclusive, and studies during the critical neonatal period are sparse.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the association between neonatal antibiotic exposure and the risk of childhood obesity and to evaluate the difference in effect based on the duration of antibiotic exposure.
METHODS
This retrospective cohort study entailed a chart review for neonates born between 2011 to 2015 and followed up until five years of age in a community hospital in South Bronx, New York. BMI percentile at five years of age and other characteristics were compared between the antibiotic-exposed and unexposed groups. Premature infants (less than 34 weeks) and those with congenital syndromes affecting growth were excluded from the study. A Chi-square test was conducted on categorical variables and a student's T-test for normally distributed continuous variables. Significant variables (p-value less than 0.05) in bivariate analysis were modeled in a stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis to ascertain independent predictors of obesity at five years of age.
RESULTS
Of the 1447 subjects, 749 (52%) received ampicillin and gentamicin, and 333 (23%) were obese. Male-to-female distribution was similar. Neonates exposed to the antibiotics were more likely to be obese compared to unexposed (26% versus 20%, p-value of 0.01). Following adjustments for early feeding practices, childhood atopy, birth weight, maternal hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and ethnicity, this association persisted (aOR: 1.37, p-value 0.018). There is no significant difference in weight outcome among children who received antibiotics for less than or equal to 72 hours and greater than 72 hours (26.7% versus 23.2%, respectively with a p-value of 0.31).
CONCLUSION
Neonatal antibiotic exposure is independently associated with early childhood obesity, indicating that antibiotic exposure may play a significant role in the weight trajectory of these children. Hence, antibiotic stewardship in this period cannot be over-emphasized. Given the high incidence of childhood obesity among our cohort (23%) compared to the national average of 13.4% among children 2–5 years of age, augmenting current efforts at reducing traditional obesity risk factors with judicious antibiotic use will reduce the prevalence of childhood obesity and the attendant cardiovascular comorbidity.
Comparison of Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion versus Anterior Cervical Corpectomy and Fusion in the treatment of Localized Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament: a retrospective study
Authors: Chen Tangyiheng , Wang Yujie , Zhou Hong , Lin Cheng , Zhao Xingyi , Wang Genlin , Li Xuefeng , Chu Genglei , Jiang Weimin , Liu Yijie
Published: September 2022

Background: The retrospective study was conducted to compare the efficacy of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) for localized ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) by evaluating clinical and radiologic outcomes.
Methods: We reviewed 151 patients to assess the effects of treatment for localized OPLL. Perioperative parameters, such as blood loss, operation time and complications, were recorded. Radiologic outcomes, such as the occupying ratio (OR), fusion status,cervical lordosis angle, segmental angle, disc space height,T1 slope, and C2–C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA), were assessed. Clinical indices, such as the JOA scores and VAS scores, were investigated to compare the two surgical options.
Results: There were no significant differences in the JOA scores or VAS scores between the two groups (P>0.05). The operation time, volume of blood loss and incidence of dysphagia were significantly less in the ACDF group than in the ACCF group(P<0.05). In addition, cervical lordosis, segmental angle and disc space height were significantly different from their preoperative evaluations. Both groups had significantly improved T1 slopes. Moreover, C2–C7 SVA was significantly increased at the last follow-up. No adjacent segment degenerated in the ACDF group. The degeneration of the ACCF group was 4.1%. The incidence of CSF leaks was 7.8% in the ACDF group and 13.5% in the ACCF group. All the patients ultimately achieved successful fusion.
Conclusion: Although both options achieved satisfactory primary clinical and radiographic efficacies, ACDF was associated with a shorter surgical procedure, less volume of intraoperativeblood loss, better radiologic outcomes and lower incidenceof dysphagia than ACCF.
Impact of the Massachusetts Menthol Ban on Perceptions and Cigarette Use Behavior at a Large Safety-net Hospital: A Longitudinal Survey and Qualitative Study
Authors: Booras Anna , Wiener Renda Soylemez , Maccarone Jennifer , Stokes Andrew C. , Fetterman Jessica L , Hamburg Naomi M. , Singh Johar , Bulekova Katia , Kathuria Hasmeena
Published: September 2022

Background. Menthol cigarettes have had a profound adverse effect on public health. On June 1 2020, Massachusetts became the first state to restrict the sale of all flavored tobacco products, including menthol cigarettes. In this longitudinal study, we sought to understand how individuals in our hospital system who smoke menthol cigarettes perceived the Massachusetts menthol ban and if their perceptions and smoking behavior changed over time.
Methods. We undertook a longitudinal survey and qualitative study (n=27), starting 1-month pre-ban (4/15-5/31/2020) and continuing 6-months post-ban. Pre-ban questionnaires assessed participants’ perceptions of the ban and probed their anticipated smoking behaviors after the ban. The post-ban assessments (1- and 6- months) probed how perceptions and smoking behaviors changed post-ban. We also elicited suggestions to mitigate unintended consequences of the ban that might undermine intended policy effects.
Results. Participants were 37% female, 56% Black, and 96% Medicaid-insured. Perceptions of how individuals viewed the ban were dynamic. Many discussed how they smoked less because of the ban, although their smoking behavior was largely influenced by their ability to still obtain menthol cigarettes. Individuals suggested promoting tobacco treatment interventions to help people affected by the ban and a national ban to circumvent out-of-state travel.
Conclusions. Banning the sale of menthol cigarettes improves smoking-related health disparities. To be most effective, healthcare workers must capitalize on this moment to promote tobacco treatment and states must ensure that tobacco treatment programs are readily accessible to individuals affected by the ban.
Novel Compatible Silver Nanoparticles Functionalized by Vitamin C and its Derivatives: Characterization and their antibacterial Activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Abdussalam-Mohammed Wanisa , Abraheem Mohammed S. , Mezoughi Aysha B. , Ettarhouni Zaineb O , Dakhil Othman O
Published: September 2022

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been boosted in the medical field because of using suitable stabilized ligands leading to create specific shapes and sizes. AgNPs in this study are prepared in one-step using vitamin C (VC) and kojic acid (KA) as stabilized ligands in presence of sodium borohydride (NaBH4). As known, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA, USA) approved the use of KA for dermatological treatment purposes. Also, vitamin C as an antioxidant has reduced cancer diseases. The AgNPs are sufficiently stabilized by these biomolecules to remain dispersed in an aqueous solution for up to 12 weeks under room conditions. The AgNPs were characterized using UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and attenuated Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR). The produced AgNPs were spherical and monodispersed with a size diameter range of 11–15 nm based on the TEM results. The antibacterial activity of AgNPs was tested against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Streptococcus aureus (S. aureus) at different concentrations (4 µg/ml, 8 µg/ml, 15 µg/ml, and 30 µg/ml). The finding results demonstrated that both these AgNPs significantly reduced bacteria growth, especially at the highest concentration of 30 µg/m. The VC-AgNP was highly active on the E. coli and S. aureus even at a lower concentration of 4 µg/ml. VC/or KA-AgNPs provided more encouraging results than when VC and KA were used alone, which would eventually allow VC dosages to be reduced in the future, which could be more effective against many diseases in the future.
Geological and Petrophysical Studies of Some Soil Erosion-Prone Zones within Okigwe and Umuahia Areas, Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Isreal Hope Onyechigoziri , Opara Alexander Iheanyichukwu , Ikoro Diugo Okereke , Ubechu Bridget Odochi , Opara Kelechi Daniel , Echetama Henry Nkemakolam Henry Nkemakolam , Amadi Chinyere Caroline , Anyanwu Timothy Chibuike
Published: September 2022

Geological and petrophysical studies of some erosion prone soils around Okigwe and Umuahia area, southeastern Nigeria was carried out to determine the erodability and erosivity characteristics of the study area. Soil samples were collected with a soil auger at a depth range of 0-2m. Analyses carried out include the determination of petrophysical properties (porosity, permeability), and sieve analysis. Grain size analysis revealed sorting coefficients of 0.36–1.32, and graphical kurtosis of 0.51–1.49. The soils are predominantly well to moderately sorted, strongly coarsed skewed and leptokurtic. The sand/sandstone is 87–100% sand with little or no fines with the percentage moisture content ranging from 3.8–26.7%. Estimated permeability values ranges between 0.12-0.46cm/s while the porosity values are between 32.2–37.8%. Result of this study thus revealed that the area is characterized by an interlaying of clay/shale and sandstone units. The accumulation of water at the contact of the shale/sandstones units decreases the shear strength of the sandstone which further reduces the stability and results in the slipping off of the sandstone unit. The slipped sandstone is later carried away by runoff thereby leading to gully development.
Performance Driven Analytical Workload Division Model for the HPC Applications on CPU-GPU Heterogeneous Cluster
Authors: N Chandrashekhar B. , A Sanjay H. , Murthy Mohan , naikodi Chandrashekhar B
Published: September 2022

High-Performance Computing is the cornerstone for many scientific and industrial innovations. The demand for high-performance computing power is one of the driving factors for the innovations of computer hardware. In the hybrid system, CPUs and GPUs are combined to produce better performance while executing HPC applications. The critical challenge to achieving better performance in a heterogeneous cluster is the efficient distribution of the workload among the CPUs/GPUs in the nodes. In this work, to address the distribution workload issue, an optimized analytical workload division model for the heterogeneous cluster is developed to efficiently distribute the workload among the nodes of a heterogeneous cluster. The analytical model considers workload, processing capabilities, and the number of CPUs and GPUs on the cluster to effectively distribute the workload. HPL and merge sort benchmark applications are used to test the proposed strategy. Workload division strategy is tested by conducting extensive experiments. To address the inter-node and intra-node communication challenge, pinned memory technique is used along with a single MPI process per node technique and CUDA IPC. The proposed workload division strategy is validated with the HPL application and Merge sort. Experiments show that the proposed workload division strategy performs much better than the existing works.
Laryngeal mask airway devices are a safe and effective method for anesthesia of laparoscopic extraperitoneal hernia repair surgery. A double blinded randomized prospective study.
Authors: Donmez Turgut , Karabulut Mehmet , Sahbaz Nuri Alper , Ferahman Sina , Surek Ahmet , Gemici Eyup , Aydın Husnu , Emir Nalan Saygi , Damla Nilsu Onur , Bulut Sezer , Hatipoglu Engin
Published: September 2022

Background: Laparoscopic Total extraperitoneal hernia repair is widely used for the treatment of inguinal hernias all over the world. There are many studies in the literature showing advantages of the TEP method compared to open repair. Endotracheal intubation with general anesthesia is preferred in the TEP method. Sore throat, hoarseness, and pain in the early postoperative period may occur due to strain during removal of the endotracheal tube. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using a laryngeal mask airway device (LMA) for general anesthesia in TEP surgery.
Materials and Methods: We evaluated the operative outcomes of 130 patients with inguinal hernias repaired by TEP in our hospital between May 2021 and October 2021. A total of 130 adult patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I, II, and II who underwent TEP surgery were randomly allocated to one of two groups: group A (LMA-TEP), in which the patient’s airway was secured with an appropriately sized LMA, and group B (ETT-TEP), in which the ETT was secured under laryngoscopy.
Results: There was no difference between the two groups in patient background, anatomical delineation satisfaction, surgery complications, hospital stay, or surgery time. The duration of anesthesia was significantly lower in the LMA group (p = 0.001). Although sore throats and dysphonia were less common in the LMA group, there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.068 and p = 0.077, respectively). The 1st hour pain score was significantly lower in the LMA group (p = 0.019). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the postoperative 4th hour, 8th hour, 12th hour, and 24th hour pain scores.
Conclusion: The results of this study are the first to show that an LMA device can reduce postoperative complications associated with endotracheal intubation during general anesthesia in TEP surgery.
Effects of land use characteristics, physiochemical variables and river connectivity on fish assemblages in a lowland basin
Authors: Zhang Zhiming , Gao Junfeng , Cai Yongjiu
Published: September 2022

Human disturbances can have severe environmental impacts on freshwater ecosystems. The main aim of this study was to detect the influences of physiochemical variables, land use characteristics, and river connectivity on fish assemblages in Lake Chaohu Basin, China. A cluster analysis of the river connectivity variables identified four groups of sites that were characterized by significantly different river connectivity and longitudinal gradients in local scale. These four groups of sites showed increasing connectivity from the upper reaches to the lower reaches. Among the four groups, the values of the environmental variables generally increased from the upper reaches with less human activity towards the lower reaches with more human activities. In contrast, fish taxa richness and diversity indices were not significantly different among the four connectivity groups. However, fish assemblages showed significant variation among the connectivity groups. In addition, the study determined that upper riparian land uses, flow velocity, and elevation were environmental variables regulating the variance in the fish communities, and for the connectivity variables, only river order and number of branches along a path to the left of the main stem affected the variance in the fish communities. Therefore, new practices aimed at maintaining and even increasing the riparian canopy coverage and the flow velocity of rivers should be integrated into local conservation planning for freshwater ecosystems.
A Survey on Student’s Application for Using Smartphones in Learning at HCM City University of Food Industry
Authors: Nhu Pham Thi Huynh
Published: September 2022

Nowadays, smartphone use is popular among universities both inside and outside of teaching institutions. The purpose of this research project is to investigate students' applications for using smartphones in learning. This will help students have more support in their learning. It has many positive sides. For example, most students can use many useful applications to serve their learning; it will be more effective. The percentage of students who use their phones to study is quite high, and it is also used to go on social networks, text or call in their spare time. In addition, there are also negative sides due to weak phone networks, disclosure of security information, virus intrusion systems, etc. However, it is necessary to use modern applications on the phone to support it for more learning.
ORGANOGENESE IN VITRO DES FRAGMENTS DE TUBERCULES DE POMME DE TERRE (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L. VAR. AIDA) CULTIVES DANS LE DEPARTEMENT DES PLATEAUX (REPUBLIQUE DU CONGO)
Authors:   Laboratoire De Biotechnologie EtProduction Vegetales/Faculte Des Sciences Et Techniques/Universite Marien Ngouabi., Mpika Joseph , Bertille Mvoumbi Tete Chanelle ,   Laboratoire De Biotechnologie EtProduction Vegetales/Faculte Des Sciences Et Techniques/Universite Marien Ngouabi., Mbon Nguekou Chrichina ,   Laboratoire De Biotechnologie EtProduction Vegetales/Faculte Des Sciences Et Techniques/Universite Marien Ngouabi., Pascal Ngondo Blaise ,   Laboratoire De Biotechnologie EtProduction Vegetales/Faculte Des Sciences Et Techniques/Universite Marien Ngouabi., Valerie Mboutol-Mandavo Laurine ,   Laboratoire De Biotechnologie EtProduction Vegetales/Faculte Des Sciences Et Techniques/Universite Marien Ngouabi., a Attibayeba ,   Laboratoire De Biotechnologie EtProduction Vegetales/Faculte Des Sciences Et Techniques/Universite Marien Ngouabi.
Published: September 2022

The production of potatoes rich in starch and essential nutrients does not cover the needs of Congolese consumers. This is due to strong genetic erosion and the absence of high-performance local varieties as well as the unavailability of seeds for new plantations. The seed produced by traditional techniques does not meet the demand of producers. This study aims to produce seed potatoes by the technique of in vitro culture. Tubers disinfected with 10% sodium hypochlorite are kept at 4Ã‚Â°C for 20 days to produce microtubers by bud burst others are placed in heat therapy conditions to produce micro-cuttings. Microtubers and microcuttings are taken, then cultured in vitro on Murashige and Skoog medium on the one hand and on Murashige and Skoog medium to which 0.05 mg/ml of indolylbutyric acid is added on the other hand. The cold favors the bud burst of the potato tubers after a week. On vitroplants from microtubers developing on Murashige and Skoog medium to which 0.05 mg / ml of indolylbutyric acid is added, 5 roots, 6 leaves and a stem with a height of 6.05 cm are recorded. On the medium of Murashige and Skoog, we observe 3 roots, 7 leaves and a stem 5.69 cm in height. Regarding microprogation, the results obtained showed that growth hormone plays an important role in the different stages of regeneration compared to the medium without phytohormone.
AUGMENTING CERVIMETRY, FETAL SURVIVABILITY, CALVING EASE, AND UTERINE HEALTH DURING BUFFALO UTERINE TORSION TREATMENT
Authors:   Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, P.O. 13736, Tokh, Kaliobia, Egypt., M. El-Raey , E. Azab Rasha ,   Department of Physiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, P.O: 13736, Tokh, Kaliobia, Egypt.
Published: September 2022

A total of 52 buffalo cows suffering from uterine torsion were divided into seven groups.Each animal in the groupwas subjected to diagnosis depending upon clinical signs, rectal, vaginal, and ultrasonographic examination then subjected to one of the formulatedtherapeutic regimes.Cervimetry, state of fetal livability, parturition easiness, placental dropping time, and uterine health witheach specific treatment were recorded. Results: groups injected with denaverine hydrochloride, denaverine hydrochloride potentiated with methylergometrine showed rapid cervical dilation rate (3.1Ã‚Â±0.26cm and 3.2Ã‚Â±0.19cm, respectively).Moreover, had an extending effect, where an efficient cervimetry rate (17Ã‚Â±0.52 cm and16Ã‚Â±0.46cm, respectively)was achieved after 24h from starting the treatment.Denaverine hydrochloride, denaverine hydrochloride potentiated with methylergometrine and cloprostenol sodium plus methylergometrineshowed the unique parturition process that took place with no maneuverers (2.1Ã‚Â±0.26, 1.8Ã‚Â±0.22 and 2.1Ã‚Â±0.55) with preserved fetal viability (100, 88.8 and 85.7 %) and uterine health (85.7, 88.8 and 85.7%). While,methylergometrine alone was an inefficient therapeutic protocol that didntassisted the process of normal delivery (3.2Ã‚Â±0.17) and increases the rate of fetal deaths (50%).Denaverine hydrochloride, denaverine hydrochloride potentiated with methylergometrine andcloprostenol plus methylergometrinetreated groups showed significantly the shortest placental dropping time (9.4Ã‚Â±1.2, 10Ã‚Â±1.1and10Ã‚Â±0.67hrs, respectively), while methylergometrine and misoprostol recorded the longest placental dropping time (13Ã‚Â±0.49 and 13Ã‚Â±0.37hrs, respectively).In conclusion,this study was considered the first attempt that follows the degree of cervimetryafter uterine torsion correction. Denaverine hydrochloride plus methergin is an efficient treatment regime that improved the reproductive health of buffalocow after uterine torsion correction.The cervical dilation rate starting from 13.00 -14.00 cmwas an articulated size at which the process of eutocia can start in buffalocows. The maximum achieved mean of the internal cervical luminal diameter for buffalo-cow after detorsion was 17Ã‚Â±0.52cm, this diameter assisted the delivery process with little maneuverers.
ANALYSING THE IMPORTANCE OF QUALIFYING IN FORMULA 1 USING THE FASTF1 LIBRARY IN PYTHON
Authors: Grover Ranbir
Published: September 2022

Formula 1 cars are very difficult to set up. This paper uses data from the past 3 seasons to analyse whether the car setup, and driving style of a driver should be tailored majorly to race performance or whether a balance should be maintained so as to try and perform well in both the qualifying and race sessions. The FastF1 library has been used to extract driver, circuit, session and weather data in order to perform this analysis.
CASE REPORT: HEPATIC ARTERY ANEURYSM.A RARE VISCERAL ANEURYSM
Authors:   General Surgery Department, Hatta Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates., Gomah Hamed Alaqqad Mohamed , Abou El Foul Rami ,   Internal Medicine Unit/Gastroenterology, Hatta Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates., Seddiq Faghih Mohammad ,   Vascular Surgery Department, Rashid Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates., Intesar Mehdi Kazmi Syed ,   General Surgery Department, Hatta Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates., Abdelfattah Elmowafi Badran Reda ,   General Surgery Department, Hatta Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates., Ram Leela ,   General Surgery Department, Hatta Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates., Hassan Elshamsy Hytham ,   Radiology department, Hatta Hospital, United Arab Emirates., Abouelfetouh Abouelfetouh Elsharkawi Mohamed ,   Accident and Emergency department, Hatta Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Published: September 2022

Hepatic artery aneurysm (HAA) is a rare disease (0.002%â€“ 0.4%) but is a clinically important phenomenon [1]. HAAs are traditionally the second most common visceral aneurysms with an incidence of 20% and have the highest (44%) reported rate of rupture [2]. The clinical manifestations depending on the size of the aneurysm include epigastric pain, obstruction of biliary tract, rupture and death [3]. Imaging modalities like computed tomography (CT) and CT angiography have a valuable role in the early detection of HHA, its complications, and selecting appropriate treatments depending on the size and location of the aneurysms [4].The etiology of visceral artery aneurysms is mostly atherosclerotic. Trauma and inflammation may cause pseudoaneurysm formation, such as in case of an acute pancreatitis causing periarterial inflammation or vessel erosion from an adjacent pseudocyst[5,6]. Other conditions which are associated with hepatic artery aneurysms are medial degeneration, fibromuscular dysplasia and vasculitis [7]. Atherosclerotic aneurysms are typically extrahepatic while traumatic aneurysms or pseudoaneurysms are more commonly intrahepatic [8].
BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Information Technology, University of the Cumberlands., Ramakrishnan Rakesh
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we will be reviewing the research published by Dr. BurcuSakÄ±z (Istanbul AydÄ±n University, Turkey) and Prof. Dr. AyÅŸenHiÃ§Gencer (Beykent University, Turkey) on Blockchain Technology and its Impact on the Global Economy at the International Conference on Eurasian Economies (2019) (Gencer, 2019). We will be including a summary of the research article, findings, and concepts discussed. The paper starts with a quote that Data has acquired the position to be the most valuable resource. Smartphones and high-speed internet have resulted in an explosion of data. The paper denotes that innovative AI techniques can extract meaningful information from the data. There is a need to share the knowledge, made possible only through an autonomous and decentralized mechanism for fair sharing policy and just hoarded by Corporates around the world. This article covers the significance of Blockchain in our economy today. It addresses the functioning of Blockchain and some popular opinion on it. It also includes the history and evolution and concludes by stating how a single white paper published in 2008 brought forth a revolution.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECT OF GINGER TEA ON DYSMENORRHEA AMONG B.SC NURSING STUDENTS IN A SELECTED COLLEGE, GUWAHATI, ASSAM
Authors:   M.Sc Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Assam Down Town University, Guwahati., Bordoloi Nilakshi , Monika Nongmeikapam ,   Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Assam Down Town University, Guwahati., June Langstang Sunday ,   Lecturer, Faculty of Nursing, Assam Down Town University, Guwahati.
Published: September 2022

Background: Dysmenorrhea is the cramping pain that occurs during menstruation. It is very common among females.Ginger is considered an effective remedies in menstrual pain since ancient times. Method: A quantitative research approach with one group pre-test post-test research design was conducted to assess the effect of ginger tea on dysmenorrhea among B.Sc Nursing students in a selected college, Guwahati, Assam during the year 2022 in the month of March. Demographic variable performa and Numerical Pain Rating Scale was used to collect the data among 60 B.Sc Nursing students. Result : The result revealed that the mean difference of pre-test and post-test pain score was 4.77 which was statistically significant at pâ‰¤0.05 level of significance.The association findings of the study showed that demographic variables body mass index and age of menarche were found statistically significant association at pâ‰¤0.05 level of significance with level of dysmenorrhea before the administration of ginger tea. Conclusion: On the basis of the findings the researcher concluded that ginger tea is effective in reducing dysmenorrhea.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF COVID -19 HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS AT THE MILITARY HOSPITAL OF RABAT
Authors:   Military Hospital of Rabat, Morocco., Hallak M. , Montasser D. ,   Military Hospital of Rabat, Morocco., Elkabbaj D. ,   Military Hospital of Rabat, Morocco.
Published: September 2022

Introduction:Sars Cov2 infection is a risk factor for mortality in chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients and those with chronic kidney disease. In addition, it can be responsible for acute kidney injury (AKI) with a poor prognosis in patients requiring renal replacement therapy.The objective of our study is to determine the epidemiological and evolutionary profile of Covid 19 patients undergoing hemodialysis sessions. Method:This is a monocentric retrospective study including patients with the severe form of Covid-19 referred to the Mohammed V military instruction hospital and undergoing one or more dialysis sessions between March 2020 and April 2021. Results:Of 30 dialysis patients, 63.3% (n=19) were on chronic hemodialysis, 20% (n=6) presented an acutization of their chronic renal failure, and 16.7% (n=5) developed acute kidney injury. The average age was 64.4 years with a male predominance (70%). Type 2 diabetes was the most common comorbidity (50%), followed by hypertension (33.3%) and cardiovascular disease (13.3%). About two-thirds of the patients presented with severe lesions on the chest CT classified as Co-RADS 5. The overall mortality rate was 51.7%. This rate was 100% (n=5) in the AKI group, 66% (n=4) in the case of pre-existing renal failure and 33% (n=7) in the group of chronic hemodialysis patients. There is a statistically significant difference in mortality between the group of hemodialysis patients and that of patients with AKI (p=0.034). The hospitalization departmentalso seems to be statistically associated with patient mortality (p=0.014). Among the comorbidities, only diabetes was statistically associated with patient mortality (p=0.05). In our study, the levels of C reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), white blood cells were lower in the chronic hemodialysis group compared to the other groups. Conclusion:Our results underline the vulnerability of chronic hemodialysis patients to Covid 19 infection. They also confirm the poor prognosis of patients who develop AKI requiring hemodialysis, as well as those with diabetes.
VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF THE ARABIC PRODUCTIVE VOCABULARY KNOWLEDGE INSTRUMENT AT THE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION LEVEL (I-PVKA IPT) USING THE RASCH MEASUREMENT MODEL
Authors:   Research Centre for Arabic Language and Islamic Civilization, Faculty of Islamic Studies, UniversitiKebangsaan Malaysia, 43600Bangi, Malaysia., Afiqah Athirah Mohd Rushdi Nur , Hanefarezan Asbulah Lily ,   Research Centre for Arabic Language and Islamic Civilization, Faculty of Islamic Studies, UniversitiKebangsaan Malaysia, 43600Bangi, Malaysia.
Published: September 2022

Knowledge of productive vocabulary is something critical in learning Arabic in Malaysia. A precise measurement tool is needed in order to know the level of students knowledge of productive Arabic vocabulary.Therefore, this research aims to validate the Arabic Productive Vocabulary Knowledge instrument at the IPT level (i-PVKA IPT). Through a quantitative approach, this test was distributed to 40 final year students of Selangor International Islamic University College (KUIS) and Sultan Abdul Halim Muadzam Shah International Islamic University (UniSHAMS) who are studying the Arabic language program.Next, the data were analyzed usingthe Rasch Measurement Model with the help of Winsteps version 5.2. The findings recorded a high item reliability index, which is at 0.86 and item separation index at 2.46.The noise level found is at 8.3% which is far from the ceiling value of 15%.Meanwhile, only seven items were found to be out of the mean square fit range, and those items were retained and refined.In conclusion, the i-PVKA IPT instrument was successfully proven to have a high level of validity and reliability by the Rasch Measurement Model and should be used to measure the level of students knowledge of Arabic productive vocabulary in higher learning institutes.
A STUDY OF OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS ATTENDING ART CENTRE AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF SOUTH GUJARAT
Authors:   DNB Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, GMERS Medical College & Hospital, Valsad, Gujarat., Shah Manali , Chaudhari Akshay ,   Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, GMERS Medical College & Hospital, Valsad, Gujarat., Narkhede Pushkaraj ,   DNB Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, GMERS Medical College & Hospital, Valsad, Gujarat.
Published: September 2022

Introduction:AIDS is a multisystem disease, which can affect any part of the eye& can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Around 40-70% of patients with HIV infection develops one of the ocular manifestations during lifetime. Introduction of HAART had significantly reduced occurrence of opportunistic infections and neoplasia in these patients. Purpose:This study was conducted to study various ocular manifestations in HIV patients and to find out their prevalence and correlation with CD4 T Cell count. Material & Methods:We conducted a Cross-Sectional Study on 100 confirmed HIV patients taking HAART. We conducted detailed ocular examination of these patients including vision assessment, IOP measurement, slit lamp examination and fundus examination. CD4 T Cell count and Duration of the Disease was also noted. Results:We found 52% prevalence of HIV related ocular manifestations. Anterior Segment manifestations were more common than Posterior Segment. Dry Eye was the most common ocular finding accounting for 44.23% of the patients with ocular manifestations. Other Anterior Segment diseases included Cataract, Conjunctival Microvasculopathy, Blepharitis, Stye, Pterygium, Allergic Conjunctivitis, Anterior Uveitis and Viral Keratitis. Only 7 patients had Posterior Segment Diseases. 1 patient each of CMV Retinitis and PORN was seen, both having CD4 T Cell count below 100 cells/Âµl. Occurrence of these ocular manifestations were not related to age & gender of the patient or to the duration of the disease. Conclusions:All patients with HIV should undergo Ophthalmic examination, irrespective of the CD4 T Cell count, Duration of Disease or presence of symptoms. Screening help in detecting these ocular diseases at early stage and thereby with early initiation of appropriate treatment help in reducing the visual morbidity.
VIOLATION OF PUBLICATION ETHICS, AUTHORSHIP AND CONTRIBUTORSHIP: RULES
Authors: Somisetti Kiran
Published: September 2022

With the development in the field of research and academics, publishing research has become one of the most important aspect for the further development in the technological sciences. The authors must always take care of their writings for the research publications. Publications draw inferences from the data which can be manipulative or fabrication data which leads to detrimental for the further researchers. Good papers can encourage new researchers. Unluckily, these days publishing has led to unethical practices in the research and publications. This paper describes about steps for publications and the violations in publishing. This paper also gives insights in resolving the conflicts and providing the check list for the publications.
TOXOPLASMOSIS IN BROILERS FROM DAKAR - SENEGAL: PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS
Authors:   Universite Peleforo Gbon COULIBALY, BP :1328Korhogo Cote dIvoire., Fatoumata Coulibaly , Nda Angbeletchi David Aka ,   Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny dAbidjan, BP v34 Abidjan Cote dIvoire., Sionfoungo Daouda Soro ,   USC 1233 RS2GP, INRAe, VetAgroSup, Universite de Lyon, F-69280 Marcy lEtoile, France., Jean Louis Ndiaye ,   Universite de ThiÃ¨s, Senegal.
Published: September 2022

Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common zoonosis worldwide. Caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, it has estimated that up to a third of the human population worldwides infected with it. Humans are infected by ingesting oocysts shed by cats or by eating undercooked meat containing cysts.T. gondii can cause serious illness to the fetus during a congenital infection and fatal in immuno-compromised patients too. In addition, it infects a wide range of animals, including mammals and birds. In birds, all species can be infected with various signs. Little is known about the prevalence in short-cycle species (broilers). However, due to their feeding habits (birds are pecking and their food is usually soil), the prevalence in birds could be a good indicator of the prevalence of parasite oocysts in soil. Thus, to verify environmental contamination, the prevalence of T. gondii in 459 short-cycle birds (broilers) was determined in Dakar, Senegal. The diagnostic test used was the High Sensitivity Direct Agglutination test (ADHS). The results showed the presence of antibodies against T. gondii in 29 (6.36%) of the broilers Gallus domesticus. This study is the first of its kind to investigate T. gondii in short-cycle domestic poultry in Senegal. Other studies should be carried out with additional and more reliable techniques on this environmental aspect in order to measure the real parasite load and the risks that this could generate.
Comunidades de energía para una transición energética: una revisión documental de los elementos, retos, y tendencias del autoconsumo comunitario
Authors: Lawrence Pedroza Diana Estefania , España Forero Juan Manuel , Ortega Arango Santiago
Published: September 2022

A medida que avanza la transición energética, los usuarios tradicionales de energía se empoderan produciendo, almacenando y gestionando energía proveniente, generalmente, de fuentes no convencionales de energías renovables. En el contexto latinoamericano, las experiencias de iniciativas de autoconsumo comunitario son muy escasas, a lo que se suma el hecho de que los sistemas solares domésticos solo son accesibles para algunos usuarios de altos ingresos. El autoconsumo comunitario tiene múltiples dimensiones para ser un proyecto integral, por lo que el desarrollo de estos modelos ha sido complejo, sin llegar a una clara comprensión ni conceptualización. Este artículo tiene como objetivo recopilar varios estudios de caso y revisar los antecedentes de las comunidades solares desde las primeras iniciativas reportadas para comprender los conflictos e intereses que se fueron desarrollando en la generación de energía comunitaria distribuida. Se pretende identificar los factores para la adopción de estosproyectos, los desafíos financieros y los retos existentes para establecer una regulación y política energética. Además, se pudo concluir que estos sistemas pueden aplicarse a países desarrollados y en vías de desarrollo; sin embargo, sus objetivos, modelos de gobernanza y estructura difieren, por lo que no existe un método universal para establecer comunidades energéticas.
Janos, D. (2020). Avicenna on the Ontology of Pure Quiddity. De Gruyter. 762 pp.
Authors: López-Farjeat Luis Xavier
Published: September 2022

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Dynamical characteristics of flip-flow screen with crankshaft-link structure and mechanical analysis
Authors: Li Hongxi , Zhou Enhui , Liu Chusheng , Shen Ling , Yin Zixin
Published: September 2022

Flip-flow screen with crankshaft-link structure (FFSCLS) is effective for screening of high-water and fine materials. In this paper, a dynamic model governing the vibration and mechanical characteristics of the FFSCLS is proposed. In addition, the motion trajectory and vibration data of the FFSCLS were investigated by MATLAB/Simulink method. The results show that the MATLAB/Simulink method can fully describe the vibration characteristics of the FFSCLS with the maximum deviation within 6.71 % between experiment results. The mechanical characteristics of the FFSCLS were systematically studied by automatic dynamic simulation analysis using the ADMAS software. The MBD simulation results indicated that the resultant forces of the inner and outer screen boxes are always equal to 0. Moreover, the rotational speed of the crankshaft, the stiffness coefficient of the guild springs and rubber springs determined the mechanical characteristics of the flip-flow screen, and these parameters should be optimized. This work is helpful for the understanding of the combined effects of parameters and provides essential references for optimal design and efficient operation of a flip-flow screen with crank-link structure.
From Intention to Actual Behavior to Adopt Battery Electric Vehicles: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Hoang Truong Trong , Pham Huong Thu , Vu Hien Minh Thi
Published: September 2022

Background:

Climate change and global warming are severely impacting countries worldwide. Governments are being urged to promote Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) as an alternative to conventional vehicles, which are one of the main sources of emissions and pollution. Despite their environmental benefits, BEV adoption remains at a low level. Therefore, identifying the determinants of BEV adoption is necessary to promote greener transportation.

Objective:

This study aims at identifying and synthesizing factors affecting BEV adoption intention and actual behavior. A comparison and analysis will be made to draw meaningful results and suggest future research areas.

Methods:

A systematic literature review was conducted. Data were collected from research articles in peer-reviewed journals of well-known publishers. After a strict qualification process, 45 studies were selected and their findings are critically discussed.

Results:

Most studies are quantitative in nature and conducted in BEV developed markets. Various determinants of BEV adoption intention were identified and classified into 5 categories: psychological, behavioral, product attributes, contextual, and demographic. Meanwhile, only a few studies examine BEV's actual adoption behavior. Antecedents of adoption behavior were categorized into 4 groups, namely, psychological, behavioral, contextual, and demographic.

Conclusion:

BEV adoption can be influenced by both internal and external factors. There is a gap in research between intention and behavior in previous studies related to BEV adoption. While determinants of intention are the topic of many studies, actual behavior is more important but limitedly explored. Future research can focus on adoption behavior in newly developed markets with real data rather than utilizing self-reported responses to better analyze actual behavior.
CARICOM’S EFFORTS TO TACKLE UNHEALTHY DIETS: A CAUTIONARY TALE FOR LATIN AMERICA
Authors: Foster Nicole D. , Constantin Andres , Lake Shajoe J.
Published: September 2022

The Caribbean Community (CARICOM) is currently burdened with high rates of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Unhealthy diets are a major factor driving the region’s increased NCD rates. Since the 1990s, trade agreements have facilitated an influx of ultra-processed foods and sugary beverages into the region. These unhealthy commodities contain excess critical nutrients, which are closely linked to the top three NCDs risk factors in the Americas––high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and obesity. Mandating front-of-package warning labels (FOPWL) as part of a suite of public health interventions is a scientifically proven, human-rights compliant response to promoting healthier diets. FOPWL allows consumers to correctly, and quickly, identify pre-packaged food items that contain excess critical nutrients. Recognizing this, the CARICOM Regional Organization for Standards and Quality (CROSQ) revised its regional standards on the labeling of prepackaged foods to include FOPWL. However, the regional food and beverage industry worked assiduously to undermine CROSQ’s normative effort. In its quest, the industry exploited regional integration mechanisms, co-opted human rights and decolonization narratives to decenter public health and to seize autonomy over the FOPWL process. This paper analyses these strategies to serve as a cautionary tale for Latin America.
DIREITO E INOVAÇÃO EM COMPRAS PÚBLICAS: O CASO DO PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE ALIMENTAÇÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Coutinho Diogo Rosenthal , Foss Maria Carolina , Levy Mariana , De Paula Pedro do Carmo Baumgratz
Published: September 2022

Este artigo analisa o uso do poder de compra estatal para aquisição da alimentação escolar a partir do caso do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (Pnae). O principal argumento desenvolvido é que os arranjos jurídicos e institucionais pelos quais as compras públicas se operacionalizam, a depender de como sejam mobilizados, podem contribuir para consecução de objetivos de políticas públicas e de programas governamentais e, assim, podem  ainda delimitar os contornos de mercados existentes, ou fomentar o surgimento de novos mercados. O caso do Pnae mostra que certas regras do processo de contratação dos fornecedores – em especial norma que prevê a simplificação do processo de contratação e a obrigatoriedade de aquisição de 30% dos alimentos para merenda escolar de produtos produzidos pela agricultura familiar, povos indígenas e quilombolas – podem aumentar a efetividade da realização do direito à alimentação e nutrição adequadas dos estudantes de escolas públicas, bem como podem catalisar a ampliação do mercado de alimentos, em particular por expandir fontes de alimentos in natura, mais saudáveis do ponto de vista nutricional.
The Application of Graph Theoretical Analysis to Complex Networks in Medical Malpractice in China: Qualitative Study
Authors: Dong Shengjie , Shi Chenshu , Zeng Wu , Jia Zhiying , Dong Minye , Xiao Yuyin , Li Guohong
Published: September 2022

Background

Studies have shown that hospitals or physicians with multiple malpractice claims are more likely to be involved in new claims. This finding indicates that medical malpractice may be clustered by institutions.

Objective

We aimed to identify the underlying mechanisms of medical malpractice that, in the long term, may contribute to developing interventions to reduce future claims and patient harm.

Methods

This study extracted the semantic network in 6610 medical litigation records (unstructured data) obtained from a public judicial database in China. They represented the most serious cases of malpractice in the country. The medical malpractice network of China was presented as a knowledge graph based on the complex network theory; it uses the International Classification of Patient Safety from the World Health Organization as a reference.

Results

We found that the medical malpractice network of China was a scale-free network—the occurrence of medical malpractice in litigation cases was not random, but traceable. The results of the hub nodes revealed that orthopedics, obstetrics and gynecology, and the emergency department were the 3 most frequent specialties that incurred malpractice; inadequate informed consent work constituted the most errors. Nontechnical errors (eg, inadequate informed consent) showed a higher centrality than technical errors.

Conclusions

Hospitals and medical boards could apply our approach to detect hub nodes that are likely to benefit from interventions; doing so could effectively control medical risks.