bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resource Rents, Genuine Savings and Sustainable Development: Revisiting the Evidence
Authors: Ganhane José Jeremias , Stage Jesper
Published: July 2024

Economic theory on sustainable development suggests that resource-rich countries should reinvest the rents from natural resource extraction in other forms of capital to ensure that future consumption level of the economy can be greater than or at least equal to the level of their current consumption. Several seminal papers in the early 2000s indicated that the correlation between genuine savings and future consumption was weaker than theory predicted, at least when genuine savings were measured using the World Bank estimates. This paper revisits the issue and replicates two of these earlier studies to see whether the correlation has become stronger over time, on the back of policy changes in resource-rich countries and of revisions to the World Bank estimates. The results indicate that the correlation between genuine savings and future consumption growth may be stronger for poorer countries than for richer, and for sub-Saharan Africa, the theoretical predictions appear to hold.
Integrating Sustainability into Contemporary Art and Design: An Interdisciplinary Approach
Authors: Zhang Lingxiao , Shen Tao
Published: July 2024

This study confronts the ambiguous concept of sustainability within contemporary art and design, seeking to define and operationalize it through an interdisciplinary lens. By synthesizing philosophical, technological, and artistic methodologies, this research utilizes qualitative analysis and detailed case studies to evaluate the sustainable attributes of modern decorative arts. Focusing on the integration of nature and technology, the investigation spans various artistic disciplines, critically assessing their contributions to sustainable practices. The results indicate that an innovative use of materials and avant-garde design approaches significantly advance sustainability, highlighting the role of contemporary art in promoting environmental consciousness and sustainability in policy-making. Conclusively, in this paper, a paradigm shift in art and design education and policy is argued for, advocating for a proactive engagement with sustainability that extends beyond traditional artistic boundaries, thus providing a framework for future sustainable development strategies in the arts. This study offers a comprehensive model for understanding and implementing sustainability that could influence future artistic and educational practices globally.
Notifications Related to Fraud and Adulteration in the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) in 2000–2021
Authors: Pigłowski Marcin , Śmiechowska Maria
Published: July 2024

Fraudulent and adulterated food is produced mainly to reduce prices and attract consumers’ attention whilst threatening their economic interests, health, and safety. As such, this type of activity should be eliminated. This study’s aim was to identify the most common hazards related to food fraud and adulteration, reported in the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) between 2000 and 2021, taking into account the product category (including individual products), country of origin, and notification type. We used Microsoft Excel (filtering, vertical-searching, transposition, and pivot table functions) and Statistica 13.3 (two-way joining cluster analysis) to analyse similarities between the hazards identified throughout the research period. Notifications relating to food fraud and adulteration accounted for 18.7% of all RASFF notifications, fluctuating between 1000 and 1200 per year in recent years. These mainly included hazards related to composition and novel foods in dietetic foods, food supplements and fortified foods, sulphites in fruits and vegetables, colours in cereals and bakery products, or Sudan in herbs and spices. Dietetic foods, dietary supplements, and fortified foods were mainly reported as alerts and information notifications, meaning that they were already available on the common European internal market. The other products originated mainly from outside the European Union (Asia—Turkey, Uzbekistan, India and Africa—Ghana, Nigeria) and were submitted on the basis of border rejections. Therefore, it is necessary to continue closely monitoring imported products at the EU border to ensure food safety, avoiding fraud and adulteration and protecting consumers’ financial interests.
Health Risk Assessment of Road-Dust-Bound Heavy Metals via Ingestion Exposure from One Typical Inland City of Northern China: Incorporation of Sources and Bioaccessibility
Authors: Chen Shuo , Han Lei , Wu Yushuang , Liu Xiaojuan , Liu Chenglang , Liu Yuzhen , Li Hongbo , Li Jie
Published: July 2024

Heavy metals in road dust pose potential health risks to humans, while oral bioaccessibility and sources are all important factors influencing this health risk. However, few prior studies have combined them for health risk analysis. In this study, road dust samples were collected from different geographical locations of Jinan (west area, WA; central area, CA; and east area, EA) to analyze the source-specific and bioaccessibility-based health risks of heavy metals. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in the three areas were CA > EA > WA, with Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, and Zn exceeding their corresponding background values. A source analysis using a Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model showed that traffic emissions were the main source of heavy metals in the WA and CA, while industrial activities were the main source in the EA. The mean bioaccessibility of heavy metals extracted using the Solubility Bioaccessibility Research Consortium (SBRC) method followed the order of Cd (75.5%) > Zn (42.2%) > Mn (42.1%) > Pb (42.0%) > Cu (32.9%) > As (23.6%) > Ni (20.1%) > V (16.8%) > Cr (13.3%). According to the combined source analysis, traffic was the primary risk factor in the WA (54.5 and 58.3% of NCR and CR, respectively) and CA (61.8 and 51.2%), with solid waste being the main risk factor in the EA (41.9 and 51.3%). In oral bioaccessibility testing, lower non-carcinogenic (<1.0) and carcinogenic risks (<1 × 10−6) of heavy metals were observed than those based on the total metal content. More importantly, As (43.4%) was replaced by V (29.7%) as the main contributor to NCR. Source-specific and bioaccessibility-based health risk assessments can accurately identify priority pollutants and heavy metals in urban road dust that need to be controlled. This provides more effective and accurate urban environmental risk management recommendations for sustainable urban development and population health.
Multiple Large Shareholders and ESG Performance: Evidence from Shareholder Friction
Authors: Lin Zhijun , Zhang Qidi , Deng Chuyao
Published: July 2024

Sustainable corporate governance increasingly influences corporate strategy considerations. Effective governance ensures organizational sustainability, with ESG being a crucial component. Large shareholders, as direct stakeholders, have a key role in developing and implementing corporate ESG strategies. Using data on Chinese listed firms over the 2011–2022 period, we find that multiple large shareholders (MLS) depress company ESG performance, suggesting that MLS may lead to friction and high coordination costs. Interestingly, stronger controlling shareholders mitigate this negative impact, particularly when they are state-owned. Our analysis shows that relatively equal power among MLS exacerbates friction, resulting in unstable executive teams and higher internal pay gaps, which lower governance (G) and social (S) scores. However, the presence of foreign and institutional investors among the large shareholders can alleviate these issues. The negative effect of MLS on ESG is significant in firms operating in clean industries, those with low analyst attention, or those not part of the “Stock Connect Scheme”. This study highlights the drawbacks of MLS in sustainable corporate governance from an ESG perspective.
Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Factors Influencing the Cycling Behavior of Shared Electric Bike Use in Urban Plateau Regions
Authors: Guo Miqi , Gou Chaodong , Tan Shucheng , Feng Churan , Zhao Fei
Published: July 2024

At present, most of the research on shared electric bikes mostly focuses on the scheduling, operation and maintenance of shared electric bikes, while insufficient attention has been paid to the behavioral characteristics and influencing factors of shared cycling in plateau cities. This paper takes Kunming as a research case. According to the user’s cycling behavior, the spatiotemporal cube model and emerging hotspot analysis are used to explore the spatiotemporal characteristics of the citizens’ cycling in the plateau city represented by Kunming, and the method of geographical detectors is used to study the specific factors affecting the shared travel of citizens in Kunming and conduct interactive detection. The findings are as follows: ① the use of shared electric bikes in Kunming varies greatly on weekdays, showing a bimodal feature. In space, the overall distribution of cycling presents a “multi-center” agglomeration feature with distance decay from the center of the main urban area. ② The geographic detector factor detection model quantitatively analyzes the interactive influence between factors, providing a good supplement to the independent influence results of each factor. Through the dual factor interactive detection model, we found that the overall spatiotemporal distribution of cycling during each time period is most significantly affected by the distribution of service facilities, followed by transportation accessibility, land use, and the natural environment. The research results can assist relevant departments in governance of urban shared transportation and provide a reference basis, and they also have certain reference value in urban pattern planning.
Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells: A Distinctive Feature in the Transformation of Epithelial Cells by High-Risk Oncogenic HCMV Strains
Authors: Herbein Georges , El Baba Ranim
Published: July 2024

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is common in tumor tissues across different types of cancer. While HCMV has not been recognized as a cancer-causing virus, numerous studies hint at its potential role in cancer development where its presence in various cancers corresponds with the hallmarks of cancer. Herein, we discuss and demonstrate that high-risk HCMV-DB and BL strains have the potential to trigger transformation in epithelial cells, including human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs), ovarian epithelial cells (OECs), and prostate epithelial cells (PECs), through the generation of polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs). A discussion is provided on how HCMV infection creates a cellular environment that promotes oncogenesis, supporting the continuous growth of CMV-transformed cells. The aforementioned transformed cells, named CTH, CTO, and CTP cells, underwent giant cell cycling with PGCC generation parallel to dedifferentiation, displaying stem-like characteristics and an epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype. Furthermore, we propose that giant cell cycling through PGCCs, increased EZH2 expression, EMT, and the acquisition of malignant traits represent a deleterious response to the cellular stress induced by high-risk oncogenic HCMV strains, the latter being the origin of the transformation process in epithelial cells upon HCMV infection and leading to adenocarcinoma of poor prognosis.
Ctenopharyngodon idella’s Movement Behavior in Response to Hydraulics at Fishway Entrance with Different Entrance Angles
Authors: Mi Yiming , Tan Junjun , Tan Honglin , Sun Junjian , Ke Senfan , Li Minne , Lin Chenyu , Shi Xiaotao
Published: July 2024

The hydrodynamics at the fishway entrance play an important role in attracting fish into a fishway. Adjusting the entrance angle of the fishway to allow suitable water flow patterns at the entrance is an effective measure that can be used to improve the attraction efficiency. In this study, we analyzed the movement behavior of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) in a river channel at a fishway entrance with different fishway entrance angles (30°, 45°, and 60°) and different replenishment velocities (0.1 m/s, 0.2 m/s, and 0.3 m/s). The flow velocity was 0.32–0.50 m/s when the fish head deflected into the entrance under different entrance angles for grass carp. As the entrance angle of the fishway increased, the fish energy consumption increased. The range of energy consumption for grass carp increased from 1.26–3.59 × 10−3 J to 3.32–7.33 × 10−3 J when the entrance angle was increased from 30° to 60°. There was a negative correlation between the entrance angle of the fishway and the deflection angle of the tested fish’s head. This research presents a reference that combines fish swimming behavior and hydraulics to optimize the design of fishway entrances.
Marketing digital y su impacto en la competitividad de Comisariato Noble
Authors: Herrera Martínez Luisana Cecibel , Araujo Caisa Nayeli Arismary , Albarrasin Reinoso Marilin Vanessa
Published: July 2024

El marketing digital es el conjunto de estrategias utilizadas para la promoción. El estudio analizó su influencia sobre la competitividad de Comisariato Noble. Se encuestaron 197 clientes. Previa aplicación se validó por el índice Alfa de Cronbach. El procesamiento contempló cálculos de valores porcentuales. La relación entre las variables se realizó por coeficiente de correlación Rho Spearman. La confiabilidad de la encuesta fue buena. Los porcentajes reflejaron compra por internet, uso y visitas a redes sociales elevados, sin embargo, las promociones, recomendaciones, uso de canales digitales, adaptación no, aunque la relación precio calidad fue favorable, existió diferencias significativas entre las variables. Hubo correlación positiva entre las variables. El análisis revela limitaciones. Aunque la correlación del marketing digital frente a la competitividad señala que las estrategias digitales implementadas mantienen influencia positiva en el nivel competitivo de la empresa.
Appropriateness of Education Policies in Kuwait to the Requirements of E-Learning Quality
Authors: Al-Enez Sharifa
Published: July 2024

The quality of online education is essential in fulfilling the aspirations of modern societies. Therefore, researching the appropriateness of its requirements to educational policies in Kuwait is necessary to ensure full development of the educational process. This serves as a topic that draws the reader to reflect on organizational and technological challenges that can significantly affect the future of education in Kuwait.The study aims to identify the extent to which education policies in the State of Kuwait are appropriate to the quality requirements of e-learning (physical - technical - human). The study population consists of all faculty members at Kuwait University, which includes (93) faculty members. The study adopts the descriptive approach as a method for the study through a questionnaire as a study tool. The study found that the appropriateness of education policies in the State of Kuwait to the (physical) requirements of the quality of e-learning came to a medium degree, and that the appropriateness of education policies in the State of Kuwait to the (technical) requirements of the quality of e-learning came to a moderate degree. The results of the study also show that the appropriateness of education policies in the State of Kuwait to the (human) requirements of the quality of e-learning came to a moderate degree. The study recommends seeking the help of a group of specialists in the field of distant education, as well as to benefit from foreign expertise and experiences in this field to improve the educational process at Kuwait University, and to hold training programs for faculty members at Kuwait University to improve their technical skills for the educational process.
Implementation of Quality Assurance Systems in East African Public Universities: A Preliminary Assessment
Authors: Katusiimeh Mesharch , Jackson Ashura , Manyerere David , Michael Edoru John , Mpate Hawa
Published: July 2024

Worldwide, it is acknowledged that education is the engine of national development as it empowers individuals to improve their skills and reduce inequality on various fronts. Higher education plays a significant role as agents in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The drive for quality assurance in higher educational institutions has recently become key, especially when evaluating their performance. The establishment of quality assurance offices and setting regional, national and university policy frameworks are some of the key strategies to improve quality of education. Despite the quality assurance institutionalization and the policy frameworks in place, the general performance of universities remains problematic. Using documentary review of literature, focus group discussions and interviews of academic staff in two East Africa Universities, this paper documents and examines the difficulties in implementing quality assurance systems in African Public Universities. The study discovered that scarce financial resources, inadequate human resources, negative perceptions, lack of better understanding about what the Office of Quality Assurance does and doesn’t do and poor physical infrastructure are the major difficulties hindering the implementation of effective quality assurance systems in higher institutions of learning. Ideas for improvement include availing more funds to the quality assurance units and granting them more autonomy.
Preparing Psychologists and Social Workers for the Daily Use of AI
Authors: Åhs Fredrik , Mozelius Peter , Espvall Majen
Published: July 2024

A daily use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming a fact in many fields today, and two of them are psychology and social work. At the same time as AI systems are used for predicting psychological treatments and for decisions in social welfare, higher education has few AI courses for these professions. Moreover, there are several examples in these fields where AI can make unethical decisions that need to be corrected by humans. To better understand the possibilities and challenges of AI in psychology and social work, professional users of AI services need a tailored education on how the underlying technology works. The aim of this paper is to present a project concept for the design and evaluation of a novel course in AI for professional development in psychology and social work. For the design and development of the course the guiding research question should be: What are the strengths and challenges with contemporary AI techniques regarding prediction, adaptivity and decision systems? The suggested AI course should be given as a technology enhanced online training to enable the idea of anytime and anywhere for full-time working participants. Course content and activities are divided into the four separate sections of: 1) The history of AI structured around the 'Three waves of AI', with o focus on the current third wave. 2) A section with a focus on AI techniques for prediction and adaptivity. Underlying techniques such as machine learning, neural networks, and deep learning will be conceptually described and discussed, but not on a detailed level. 3) An elaborated discussion on the relevance, usefulness and trust, and the at the difference between AI-based decision systems and AI-based decision support systems. 4) Finally, the fourth section should comprise the ethical aspects of AI, and discuss transparency and Explainable AI. An innovative approach of the project is to use a neuroscientific assessment of the education to understand how the education changes brain function relevant to evaluate AI based decision. This should be complemented with a qualitative evaluation based on semi-structured interviews.
Dark Patterns and Epistemic Ignorance: an Educational Crisis
Authors: Stockman  , Wilson Richard
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we discuss how online AI stimulates epistemic ignorance. Early visions of online information search and retrieval processes proposed a utopian and empowering space for individuals. Today’s crisis paradoxically presents us with an unprecedented accumulation of new information and access to it, yet also the colonisation of this knowledge by those who seek to erode critical thought. By ‘epistemic ignorance’, we mean the condition which is systematically created by the patterns of mis- and disinformation that prevent knowledge seekers from gaining verified knowledge. We argue not only has the ‘knower’ or knowledge seeker become the ‘known’ (sometimes without knowing it), their ability ‘to know’ is also intentionally manipulated by dark patterns. Moreover, their ‘known’ status allows for their subtle indoctrination, and erosion of criticality. This makes the crisis an educational one. To illustrate, we consider epistemic mechanisms on Facebook pertaining to the early stage of the Covid-19 pandemic. We contend these ‘dark AI patterns’ intentionally aim for systemic indoctrination, and affective indoctrination, by engaging in the construction of epistemic ignorance. Our focus is on the political agenda; which is common in the wider discussion of indoctrination in education. Many educational philosophers have taken a critical interest in the power of education to indoctrinate. The formal educational space is an effective vehicle to do so – and now the informal education we receive through social media is as well. Through algorithms, we are taught to think a certain way.  This new crisis has not yet been considered an educational one, while in every moment, the coercive powers of online AI drive audiences towards greater uncritical acceptance of knowledge and information. Perhaps we can reverse the educational oppression with the introduction of ‘light patterns’.
ENSIGHTS: Intelligent Monitoring of Electric Power Transmission Assets
Authors: Alex de Vasconcellos Garcia  , Gabriel Resende Machado  , Carla Chrystina de Castro Pacheco Ferreira  , Edward Hermann Haeusler  , Jefferson Barros dos Santos  , Edmilson Varejão  , Pedro Schneider  , Athos dos Santos Barbosa  , Maurício Magalhães  , Marcelo de Carvalho  , Ana Cristina de Freitas Marotti
Published: July 2024

This work aims to use Data Science techniques to build predictive models that will eventually improve maintenance plans regarding power transformers by reducing shutoffs and transmission downtime. This work is part of a 36-month long Research and Development (R&D) project started on January 2021, as of the writing of this report the project is halfway through. The analytic models described herein have already been tested while most of the remaining work is yet to be done. In a single Data Lake environment, we will consolidate several databases from information systems that support the company's operation and maintenance processes. Various machine learning models will run on this data, and their results will appear in a dashboard, alongside several traditional indicators. This process will be integrated and consolidated in a computing platform with cloud architecture. We use Machine Learning (ML) to develop the models. Based on an Agnostic Probably Approximately Correct (PAC) Learning study of the available datasets estimating their Vapnik–Chervonenkis dimension, we choose Random Forests (RF) algorithms to be used in the new indicators. So far, the project has produced two new indicators: Chromatographic Assay Indicator (CAI) and Electrical Failure Risk Indicator (EFRI). The CAI indicator evaluation uses a Random Forest Algorithm trained with an external dataset due to the small number of power transformers failures in the O&M data. This indicator performed much better than classical chromatographic indicators to predict electric or temperature problems on the test set. The EFRI indicator correlates monitoring data available from an existing Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system with maintenance data from an existing Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system through a RF algorithm capable of alerting to a higher risk of electric failure. ANEEL funds this work as R&D project PD-00394-1907/2019 titled “Aplicabilidade de nova tecnologia voltada para o desenvolvimento de um modelo de monitoramento inteligente dos ativos de transmissão”.
Automation of Computer Vision Applications for Real-time Combat Sports Video Analysis
Authors: Quinn Evan , Corcoran Niall
Published: July 2024

This study examines the potential applications of Human Action Recognition (HAR) in combat sports and aims to develop a prototype automation client that examines a video of a combat sports competition or training session and accurately classifies human movements. Computer Vision (CV) architectures that examine real-time video data streams are being investigated by integrating Deep Learning architectures into client-server systems for data storage and analysis using customised algorithms. The development of the automation client for training and deploying CV robots to watch and track specific chains of human actions is a central component of the project. Categorising specific chains of human actions allows for the comparison of multiple athletes' techniques as well as the identification of potential areas for improvement based on posture, accuracy, and other technical details, which can be used as an aid to improve athlete efficiency. The automation client will also be developed for the purpose of scoring, with a focus on the automation of the CV model to analyse and score a competition using a specific ruleset. The model will be validated by comparing performance and accuracy to that of combat sports experts. The primary research domains are CV, automation, robotics, combat sports, and decision science. Decision science is a set of quantitative techniques used to assist people to make decisions. The creation of a new automation client may contribute to the development of more efficient machine learning and CV applications in areas such as process efficiency, which improves user experience, workload management to reduce wait times, and run-time optimisation. This study found that real-time object detection and tracking can be combined with real-time pose estimation to generate performance statistics from a combat sports athlete's movements in a video.
Unveiling Gravity: Exploring the Origins of Universal Expansion
Authors: Thalman Dr. Bernal
Published: July 2024

From fluid dynamics, we conceptualize gravitational waves as inviscid shock waves within a zero-viscosity medium, where space-time acts as a fluid devoid of mass. This fluidic perspective elucidates gravitational wave phenomena and offers insights into quantum entanglement.
Our paper uses a mathematical model called the Minkowski equation to describe space-time. This equation combines space and time into a single framework, as proposed by the theory of relativity.
CalRiVaGI Program: Calculating the Risk of Infectious Complications in Reconstructive Vascular Surgery
Authors: Попель Г.А. , Моисеенко И.А.
Published: July 2024

Цель. Разработать программу для расчета риска развития инфекционных осложнений при выполнении реконструктивных операций на аорто-бедренном сегменте. Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 278 пациентов после реконструктивных операций на аорто-бедренном сегменте, среди которых у 177 были диагностированы инфекционные осложнения. Для построения прогностической модели использована бинарная логистическая регрессия с функцией пошагового включения и исключения на основании значения информационного критерия Akaike. Результаты регрессионного анализа представлены в виде β-коэффициента, отношения шансов с 95%-ным доверительным интервалом (95% ДИ). Оценку мультиколлинеарности проводили с помощью коэффициента инфляции дисперсии. Для оценки прогностической способности модели выполняли ROC-анализ. Результаты. Пороговое значение для стратификации пациентов по группам риска развития инфекционных осложнений составило 63,2%. Точность модели при этом равна 84,5%, чувствительность – 74,4%, специфичность – 93,3%. Площадь под ROC-кривой составила 0,895 (95% ДИ 0,845–0,944). Заключение. В ходе исследования разработана оригинальная модель компьютерной программы для оценки риска развития возможных инфекционных осложнений у пациентов, которым предстоит выполнение реконструктивных операций на аорто-бедренном сегменте.

Purpose. To develop a program for calculating the risk of infectious complications after reconstructive surgery of the aorto-femoral segment. Materials and methods. The study included 278 patients after aorto-femoral reconstructive surgery, of whom 177 were diagnosed with infectious complications. Binary logistic regression with a stepwise inclusion/exclusion function based on the Akaike Information Criterion values was used to construct the predictive model. The results of the regression analysis are presented as beta coefficients and odds ratios with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Multicollinearity was estimated using variance inflation factor. ROC analysis was performed to measure the predictive ability of the model. Results. The cut-off value for stratification of patients by risk group for infectious complications was 63.2%. The accuracy of the model was 84.5%, sensitivity 74.4%, and specificity 93.3%; the area under the ROC curve was 0.895 (95% CI 0.845–0.944). Сonclusion. In the course of the study, a unique model was developed to assess the risk of infectious complications in patients after reconstructive surgery of the aorto-femoral segment.
Cat Disease Diagnosis Expert System Using Web-Based Forward Chaining Method
Authors: Ghandira Faras , Rizki Syafrika Deni , Safira Silky
Published: July 2024

Currently, technological developments are growing rapidly. It can be seen from that most human activities require technology to meet daily needs. Technology has now fulfilled human needs that can be done by themselves. One of them is an expert system. Cats are one of the animals that are popular among people. Because it is so popular, the number of cat enthusiasts in Indonesia has become very large, and will continue to grow. However, this is not balanced by the knowledge of the keepers and the availability of sufficient veterinarians. This research develops an expert system application to diagnose diseases in cats. This expert system has 7 knowledge bases about diseases in cats and 30 symptoms, using the forward chaining inference method. The expert system was built and designed using the PHP programming language. The expert system provides output in the form of disease diagnosis results in cats based on the symptoms input by the user. The expert system developed is useful for helping the public obtain information about cat diseases and their symptoms easily and quickly
KETIMPANGAN ANTARA REHABILITASI DAN PEMENJARAAN DALAM PENANGANAN KASUS NARKOTIKA: TINJAUAN DISKRESI
Authors: Sulistiandriatmoko Sulistiandriatmoko , Zulfa Eva Achjani , Ramadhan Jelang
Published: July 2024

ABSTRAKMasalah penyalahgunaan narkoba masih menjadi beban besar dalam penanganan kasus kriminal di Indonesia, terutama dengan adanya tuduhan terjadinya penyimpangan yang dilakukan oleh aparat kepolisian dalam pelaksanaan penyidikan. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menganalisis bagaimana diskresi digunakan oleh Penyidik Polri dalam kasus penyalahgunaan narkotika, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi, dan upaya penataan ulang yang diperlukan agar penggunaan diskresi menjadi lebih baik. Penelitian ini merupakan gabungan dari penelitian hukum empiris dan normatif, sementara analisis datanya menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Kajian empiris dilakukan dengan mewawancarai Penyidik Polri, Klien Rehabilitasi Wajib, dan Anggota Tim Asesmen Terpadu. Sedangkan kajian normatif mengacu pada norma dan tolok ukur batasan diskresi yang diatur dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP) dan Undang-Undang Kepolisian, konsep teoritis tentang diskresi dan pendapat ahli hukum. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan diskresi masih kurang tepat karena belum sesuai dengan ketentuan yang diatur dalam KUHAP dan Undang-Undang Kepolisian, kondisi tersebut dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, baik internal maupun eksternal. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, diperlukan rekonfigurasi yang menyeluruh agar penggunaan diskresi oleh Penyidik POLRI lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor kunci yang menyebabkan kesalahan dalam penggunaan diskresi, serta memberikan rekomendasi untuk perbaikan praktik tersebut. ABSTRACTThe issue of drug abuse remains a significant challenge in handling criminal cases in Indonesia, exacerbated by alleged irregularities among police officers during investigations. This study investigates the discretion exercised by Police Investigators in drug abuse cases, examining influencing factors and proposing reconfiguration efforts for improved discretion usage. Employing a combination of empirical and normative legal research methods, data analysis involves both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Empirical research involves interviews with Police Investigators, Mandatory Rehabilitation Clients, and Integrated Assessment Team Members, while normative analysis refers to legal frameworks such as the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) and the Police Act, alongside theoretical concepts and legal expert opinions on discretion. Findings reveal inadequate discretion in employment, diverging from legal provisions, influenced by internal and external factors. Addressing this, a comprehensive reconfiguration is essential to enhance Police Investigators' discretion usage. The study aims to pinpoint key factors contributing to discretion misuse and offer recommendations for its improvement, emphasizing alignment with legal norms and procedural requirements.
DETERMINATION OF INTEGRAL AND DIFFERENTIAL POROSITY OF HEAT-RESISTANT CONCRETE BY IMPROVED CAPILLARY CONDENSATION METHOD
Authors: BURKHANOVA R.A. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, AKCHURIN T.K. , STEFANENKO I.V. , DUSHKO O.V. ,   Volgograd State Technical University,   Volgograd State Technical University,   Volgograd State Technical University
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the method developed by the authors for assessing the distribution of pores by their sizes, which consists in obtaining a desorption isotherm of a material that is previously completely saturated with liquid sorbate, which fills all the pores of the material. In this case, complete saturation is achieved not in the process of capillary condensation, but by saturation of the material during vacuuming.
THE USE OF PHOSPHATE COATINGS TO INCREASE THE ASSEMBLY LIFE OF THREADED CONNECTIONS OF CASING PIPES
Authors: MOROZOVA M.S. ,   JSC «Volzhsky Pipe Plant», CHUBUKOV M.YU. , RUTSKIY D.V. , DROZDOV A.V. , SYSOEV S.V. ,   JSC «Volzhsky Pipe Plant»,   Volgograd State Technical University,   Volgograd State Technical University,   Volgograd State Technical University
Published: July 2024

The article describes the experience of using phosphate coatings to improve the performance properties of threaded connections of casing pipes. In the course of the work, laboratory and pilot tests were carried out. Using the tools of the Lin 6-sigma methodology, the best options were selected at the laboratory stage, the optimal component composition of the phosphating solution for production was determined, which ensures the production of a coating with the best extreme pressure properties. According to the results of the work, a level of properties of phosphate coatings has been achieved, which allows for repeated assembly of threaded connections of casing pipes while maintaining technical characteristics. Repeated assembly has been confirmed during production tests in the factory.
PRODUCTION OF CAST STEEL BLANKS FOR FORGING IN THE CONDITIONS OF A MACHINEBUILDING ENTERPRISE
Authors: PALATKINA L.V. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, GREBNEV YU.V. , GREBNEV D.YU. , PALATKIN S.V. ,   Volgograd State Technical University,   Volgograd State Technical University,   Volgograd State Technical University
Published: July 2024

The results of the development (for the conditions of a machine-building enterprise) of the main technological solutions for the production of round steel ingots weighing 500 kg for forging are presented. 3D models of technological equipment and ingots of circular cross-section have been developed for pouring into reusable metal and disposable sand molds. In the LVMFlow software package (using the example of steel 45), computer modeling of casting and solidification of model ingots was performed. Industrial approbation of the obtained results of computer modeling was carried out: round-section ingots were cast from 45 steel, from which forgings of the "flange" type were made and shipped to customers.
Assessing the English Language Needs of Nursing Students: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fisma
Published: July 2024

Previous studies that conducted needs analyses on English for nursing students only concentrated on the target needs at a particular university. This study investigated nursing students' English language needs through a systematic review in order to improve methods of teaching and curriculum development. 14 studies published between 2015 and 2024 were reviewed to highlight the critical role of English proficiency in nursing education and professional practice. This review identified some themes, such as the importance of English for academic and career purposes, the need for developing core language skills, a preference for interactive and practical learning methods, and the requirement for support in online learning environments. The findings suggest the necessity of designing English for Specific Purposes (ESP) and English for Nursing Purposes (ENP) courses tailored to the needs of nursing students. To increase professional and healthcare quality, evidence-based recommendations for curriculum developers, educators, and policymakers are nedded to improve the English language training of nursing students.
The Implementation English Songs on Listening Skills
Authors: Albadri Albadri , Lulu’ Diana
Published: July 2024

This research aimed to know impelemantion of English song on listening skills in language room Ma’had Aly at Islamic boarding house of Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Sukorejo Situbondo”. The researcher used qualitative method. This research uses data collection methods. The aim of this research were to know about both teacher and students perception through English song on skill of listening. The topic of this study was  speaking teacher and students’ at the first level in language room Ma’had Aly at the Islamic Boarding House of Salafiyah Syafi’iyah Sukorejo Situbondo. The results of this study demonstrated how learning and instruction through board games might improve speaking abilities and teachers' perceptions of, and  students’ perception. Many students who took part in a teacher-student interview indicated that they had favorable opinions about the through English song on listening skill they were being happy, more spirit/enthusiastic, easier to understand, and improving their speaking skill, whereas there was also the negative perception such as: students feel difficult when the pronunciation was unclear.
Al-’alaqah Bayna al-Mauqif al-Lughawiyyah wa al-Tahshil al-Ilmiy li al-Ta’lim al-Lughah al-Arabiyyah
Authors: Akhsan Akhsan , Ahmadi M  , Khoirul Anwar
Published: July 2024

This Research was conducted to determine the relationship between language attitudes and Arabic learning achievment of students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 1 Situbondo, academic year 2021/2022. This type of research is a quantitative research with a correlational approach. Data obtained by quetionnaire method and documentation. The research population was class VIII students of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 1 Situbondo wich consisted of 34 students. Samples were taken randomly as many as 31 students according to the slovin formula. Data analysis techniques include assumption tests (normality test and linearity test) and hypothesis testing (correlation test, correlation coefficient significance test and ditermination test). the result showed that :  1) There was a positive and significant relaationship between language attitudes and Arabic learning achievement with a correlation coefficient of 0.673,  2) The result of the significance test of the correlation coefficient showed t (table) > t (cont) (4.819 > 2.048),  3) Language attitudes have a proportion in determining Arabic learning achievement 0f 45.29 %.
TAHLIL AKHTHO’ AN-NABR WA TANGHIM FI MUHADATSATI AL-THOLABAH AL-YAUMIYAH BI AL-LUGHAH AL-ARABIYAH
Authors: Syafni Hafidhah
Published: July 2024

Arabic requires proficiency in voice stress and intonation in conversation, but most students do not pay attention to this area and they are mistaken in the delivery of a sentence so that it makes a misunderstanding in comprehending the meaning of the conversation, which is why this discussion is proposed. The purpose of this article is to find out how students use voice stress and intonation in daily Arabic conversations, what mistakes occur during conversations, especially in the themes of "holidays" and "train stations" and what causes the mistakes to occur, and to get solutions so that students can use voice stress and intonation properly. The method of this article is descriptive with a qualitative approach which is a research method that utilises qualitative data and is described descriptively and in analysing it, Miles and Huberman's theory was used. The result of this study is that the 10th grade students' use of voice stress and intonation is weak, even some of them cannot distinguish between question sentences and other sentences. Many mistakes occur in question sentences and ordinary statement sentences, this is due to their lack of knowledge of the meaning of vocabularies, the lack of desire of students to speak with correct language, the small number of organization members, especially the language section, and inadequate media technology. The solutions to these problems are the holding of vocabulary classes, language conversation activities in the afternoon, frequent opening of dictionaries, and punishment for violators of language rules.
TATHBIQU I’DADI BUNUDI AL-IKHTIBARI LI MAHARAH AL-ISTIMA’ WA AL-KALAM
Authors: Renni Hasibuan  , Dewi Chamidah  , Akhsan Akhsan
Published: July 2024

Preparing test items is an important step in developing an educational curriculum. However, teachers usually do not take it seriously regarding the implementation of the preparation of these items, so that compiling assessment tools in evaluation has not carried out the steps for developing the tools as they should, namely improving the items. Therefore, the preparation and development of instruments is an important thing that influences the decision making of learning assessment results. The purpose of writing this article is to describe steps and application of the preparation of items to measure good listening and speaking skills. This research uses a qualitative approach with the type of library research. As for data collection techniques based on reading results as well as books, journals and documents related to the theme of this article. The items designed for class XII Madrasah Aliyah with the topic "Sport". The results are the stages of preparing test followed the steps: 1) determining the purpose of assessment, 2) determining test material, 3) choosing a title, 4) determining the form of the questions and how to answer them, 5) determining the number of items, 6) making a grid test grid, 7) arrange test items. Furthermore, the listening and speaking skill test grids are arranged following the sports material in class XII. The number of items for listening skills is 5 multiple choice questions and 5 filled-in questions, while speaking skills are only 3 questions in the form of conversations, telling pictures and telling about sports.
IBTIKAR TAQNIYAAT AT-TAQYIM LIL MAHARATI AL-LUGHOTI AL-‘AROBIYAH FI ‎KITABI NAHWI AL-KAFI LI SYAIKH AIMAN AMIN ABDUL GHONI
Authors: Hafidzotun Nafi'ah  , Umi Baroroh  , Aisyatul Hanun
Published: July 2024

This research aims to analyze the assessment techniques in the book Nahwu Al-Kafi by Syaikh Aiman Amin Abdul Ghoni, then provide innovations in assessing Arabic language skills, which consist of listening, reading, speaking and writing skills. This research was studied using qualitative methods, while data collection used remote library research. Primary data comes from the book Nahwu Al-Kafi, while secondary data comes from books, journal articles or documents related to this research. The research results show: first, a listening skills test; consists of multiple choices. Second, reading skills test; consists of essay tests, true false, matching and multiple choice. The three speaking skills tests consist of bound speaking and guided speaking. The four writing skills tests consist of imla', bound writing, guided writing and free writing. The innovation in the test form for assessing maharah istima' is answering short entries from a reading. Then in maharah qiro'ah, namely reading the story text and students are expected to be able to summarize the reading text. Then for speaking skills, students present their work in front of the class. Finally, regarding writing skills, students are instructed to rewrite the story presented in their own language.
ISTIKHDAM ATH-THARIQAH AL-MUBASYARAH FII TA’LIM MAHARAH AL-ISTIMA’
Authors: Ridha Muhammad , Riyadi Slamet
Published: July 2024

Listening skill instruction is often neglected by Arabic language teachers, as evidenced by their incorrect selection of listening teaching methods. Theoretically, choosing the direct method for listening instruction is the right decision. Therefore, the researcher chose to implement the direct method for listening instruction at MTS Albarokah. This study employs classroom action research. The research data includes observations obtained directly during the implementation of the lessons, interview data gathered from interviews between the researcher and students, and student test data before and after the lessons. The researcher aims to examine listening instruction using the direct method and assess student learning outcomes through tests administered before and after the lessons. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the direct method must be carried out through the stages of planning, implementation, evaluation, and reflection. Moreover, student learning outcomes improved significantly after applying the direct method to listening instruction.