bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A High Peak-efficiency Cross-coupled Charge Pump with Low Input Voltage for Energy Harvesting System
Authors: Li Xinghe , Wang Yanyan , Wu Zhiqiang , Xie Zushuai
Published: June 2023

A high-efficient, low-voltage cross-coupled charge pump is presented in this paper. To decrease the conduction loss, a cross-coupled charge pump is proposed based on two auxiliary dynamic inverters to increase the clock swing. Meanwhile, a clocking scheme is designed to eliminate the reversion power losses. Based on proposed scheme, a higher output voltage is achieved by a three-stage topology by cascading the single stage. The proposed architectures of both single and three-stage charge pump are implemented under a standard 180nm CMOS technology. The post-layout simulation exhibits a peak power efficiency of 86.89% and 78.6%, respectively. And Monte Carlo (MC) simulation results indicate the proposed scheme features strong robustness to process variation.
A ENOB 10.3 bit, 103 μW ON-CHIP CALIBRATION SAR ADC
Authors: Song Zheng , Ma Zhi-Hua , Yao Yao , Zou Ren-fei , Hu Jian-Guo
Published: June 2023

Across the board, the performance of ADCs has been under increasing scrutiny because of the rapid growth of portable electronic devices and biomedical sensors. As part of the sensor’s long-term work, its power consumption should also be as low as possible. Sensors benefit from SAR ADCs’ small size and low power consumption, making them an ideal fit for ADCs. To overcome the limitations of accuracy and linearity of ADCs caused by manufacturing process deviations, a 12-bit, 1 MS/s low-power SAR ADC based on 180 nm CMOS technology is presented. The front-end analog calibration system ensures the ADC is at its best. The design also includes low fan-in SAR logic to reduce the capacitive load on the comparator and increase the comparison speed. The layout area is 0.3 mm2, approximately 30% less than conventional products of the same process.
A Low-power Level-Crossing ADC for Biosignal Acquisition
Authors: Lin Shengmin , Lin Cheng , Chen Qunchao
Published: June 2023

A large number of redundant signals will be generated when the traditional Nyquist sampling method is used to acquire a biological signal, leading to a system’s energy loss. A new level-crossing analog-to-digital converter (LC-ADC) with non-uniform sampling and fixed window structure is presented, with fewer data and low power consumption features. The circuit uses a 6-bit capacitive DAC to quantize the input signal, avoiding the error accumulation of the 1-bit capacitive DAC structure, and a nanoamp CMOS current bias circuit to provide a very low quiescent current for the comparator, further reducing power consumption. The structure was verified in a 0.18μm CMOS technology. The results indicate that the total power dissipation is 0.26uw@500Hz, the signal-to-noise distortion ratio (SNDR) is 59dB@500Hz, and ENOB reached 9.51bit, which is suitable for the acquisition of low-frequency biological signals.
A Novel Structure of Super-junction MOSFET with Improved Avalanche Energy Capability
Authors: Zhou Houyong , Wu Jiale , Chen Yi
Published: June 2023

The UIS characteristic of the device is a key parameter of the super-junction MOSFET, which represents the reliable performance of the device in the face of extreme conditions. The maximum avalanche energy (EAS
) that the device can withstand under a single pulse of the gate electrode or the maximum avalanche energy (EAR
) that the device can withstand under multiple pulses of the gate electrode is commonly used in the industry to characterize the UIS characteristic. To solve the avalanche energy problem of super-junction MOSFET, we propose a novel structure of super-junction MOSFET with a P-type diffused region on the top of the N-column drift region.
Optimization of 25 µm gold wire lead bonding process parameters based on orthogonal test
Authors: Feng Dongdong , Wang Wei , Guan Yimin
Published: June 2023

The gold wire lead bonding process is a key technology to realize the electrical connection between the chip and the external control circuit to be completed. This paper introduces the basic concept of lead bonding technology and analyzes the process parameters affecting the quality of lead bonding, mainly including ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, and bonding pressure. The orthogonal test method is used to investigate the process parameters affecting the bonding quality of 25 μm gold wire. The optimal combination of process parameters A3B2C2 is determined, i.e., the ultrasonic power value is 90 mW, the ultrasonic time is 20 ms, and the bonding pressure is 40 gf, which improves the reliability of the wire bonding process.
Experimental investigation of parameters influencing mechanical properties of hemp concretes using design of experiment method
Authors: Adam L , Isopescu D N , Lepadatu D
Published: June 2023

Global concerns about climate change have led to the development of building materials that use plant biomass with the added benefit of sequestering carbon from the atmosphere. Lightweight concrete made with hemp, is a material with huge potential in terms of its ability to achieve hygro-thermal performances close to those of polystyrene. This ecological material, referred to in the literature as hemp concrete, is made of some components that, depending on the chosen combination, can generate different results of the physic-mechanical properties. The method is based on a series of experiments that are generated using a program called Design of Experiments (DoE). This program uses statistical analysis of a series of experiments performed by varying one of the input parameters, like the amount of hydrated lime or cement. Following this analysis, it is possible to identify those elements used in the composition, which produced a significant influence on the physical-mechanical properties of hemp concrete. Moreover, this method also allows a quantification of the influences so that the parameters can be ranked, with a minimum number of experiments. The method is, in the same time, a modern and an economical technique used for experimental planning. The aim of the research is to quantify numerically the influence of each component element of the mixture that determines variations of the physical-mechanical properties in hemp concrete. This study will contribute in the future to the optimization of compositions, which will be differentiated on the basis of mechanical performance or thermal insulation criteria.
Technology for utilization and neutralization of municipal waste
Authors: Ezhov V , Pakhomov V , Fedyanin D , Saikov I
Published: June 2023

Considered the issues of environmental protection with the simultaneous use for the neutralization and disposal of urban waste containing substances of organic origin, due to solar energy and atmospheric precipitation. At present, in the Russian Federation, waste makes up 90–98% of all extracted natural resources, that is, the industry works mainly for the production of waste. Already 8 billion m3 of industrial and municipal waste has accumulated. Landfills are 50–90% full on average across the country. The volume of waste from livestock enterprises and poultry farms in the form of manure, droppings and sewage is about 700 million m3 per year, and more than 2 million hectares of land are occupied for storing this waste. Therefore, it is planned until 2020–2025 to introduce a complete ban on the storage of municipal solid waste at more than 200 landfills and dumps, where they have accumulated 31 billion tons
Laboratory study regarding recipes and strengths of concrete produced with reactive powders and metallic fibers
Authors: Scripcă S , Bărbuță M , Panaite V
Published: June 2023

Because of its multiple advantages such as durability, flexibility in use, fire resistance and low production and maintenance costs, concrete is, by far, the most popular building material currently in use. However, cement – one of the base ingredients of concrete – requires large quantities of raw materials and fossil fuels in order to be produced. In fact, in terms of pollution, it is one of the most environment-damaging products of the construction industry. A relatively recent trend in the problem of mitigating cement-related pollution is the possibility to substitute a certain percentage of cement with reactive powders, which are considered to be waste products of other industries. Concurrently, another trend is to try and obtain better performance of plain concrete, by using so-called “disperse reinforcement”. Thus, in the present article, a laboratory study is presented, regarding the obtainment and performance of concrete in which cement has been partially replaced with ultrafine silica and fly ash. Furthermore, in the case of the fly ash recipe, a percentage of metallic fibers was added, in order to study the potential performance gain with respect to plain concrete. The obtained results in compression were encouraging, in the sense that, for all recipes of concrete (plain concrete – used as reference sample versus concrete with fly ash, concrete with ultrafine silica, concrete with fly ash and fibers), the desired concrete strength class was attained. Even more, in the case of obtained results in tension by bending and splitting, the concrete with fly ash and fibers attained almost twice the tensile strength of the plain concrete. The obtained results suggest that concrete with reactive powders and/or metallic fibers can successfully substitute the plain concrete normally used in the construction industry.
Integral of scalar curvature on manifolds with a pole
Authors: Xu Guoyi
Published: June 2023

On any complete three dimensional Riemannian manifold with a pole and non-negative Ricci curvature, we show that the asymptotic scaling invariant integral of scalar curvature is equal to a term determined by the asymptotic volume ratio of this Riemannian manifold.
Wong-Zakai approximations for stochastic differential equations with path-dependent coefficients
Authors: Xu Jie , Gong Jiayin
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we shall prove an

L

p

(
p
>
2
)

L^{p}(p>2)

strong convergence rate of the non-adapted Wong-Zakai approximation for stochastic differential equations with path-dependent coefficients under

d

∞

d_{\infty }

-Lipschitz conditions.
Multisections of 4-manifolds
Authors: Islambouli Gabriel , Naylor Patrick
Published: June 2023

We introduce multisections of smooth, closed 4-manifolds, which generalize trisections to decompositions with more than three pieces. This decomposition describes an arbitrary smooth, closed 4-manifold as a sequence of cut systems on a surface. We show how to carry out many smooth cut and paste operations in terms of these cut systems. In particular, we show how to implement a cork twist, whereby we show that an arbitrary exotic pair of smooth 4-manifolds admit 4-sections differing only by one cut system. By carrying out fiber sums and log transforms, we also show that the elliptic fibrations

E
(
n

)

p
,
q

E(n)_{p,q}

all admit genus

3
3

multisections, and draw explicit diagrams for these manifolds.
Self-covering, finiteness, and fibering over a circle
Authors: Qin Lizhen , Su Yang , Wang Botong
Published: June 2023

A topological space is called self-covering if it is a nontrivial cover of itself. We prove that a closed self-covering manifold

M
M

with free abelian fundamental group fibers over a circle under mild assumptions. In particular, we give a complete answer to the question whether a self-covering manifold with fundamental group

Z

\mathbb Z

is a fiber bundle over

S
1

S^1

, except for the

4
4

-dimensional smooth case. As an algebraic Hilfssatz, we develop a criterion for finite generation of modules over a commutative Noetherian ring. We also construct examples of self-covering manifolds with nonfree abelian fundamental group, which are not fiber bundles over

S
1

S^1

.
Constructing Causal Life-Course Models: Comparative Study of Data-Driven and Theory-Driven Approaches
Authors: Petersen Anne Helby , Ekstrøm Claus Thorn , Spirtes Peter , Osler Merete
Published: June 2023

Life-course epidemiology relies on specifying complex (causal) models that describe how variables interplay over time. Traditionally, such models have been constructed by perusing existing theory and previous studies. By comparing data-driven and theory-driven models, we investigated whether data-driven causal discovery algorithms can help in this process. We focused on a longitudinal data set on a cohort of Danish men (the Metropolit Study, 1953–2017). The theory-driven models were constructed by 2 subject-field experts. The data-driven models were constructed by use of the temporal Peter-Clark (TPC) algorithm. The TPC algorithm utilizes the temporal information embedded in life-course data. We found that the data-driven models recovered some, but not all, causal relationships included in the theory-driven expert models. The data-driven method was especially good at identifying direct causal relationships that the experts had high confidence in. Moreover, in a post hoc assessment, we found that most of the direct causal relationships proposed by the data-driven model but not included in the theory-driven model were plausible. Thus, the data-driven model may propose additional meaningful causal hypotheses that are new or have been overlooked by the experts. In conclusion, data-driven methods can aid causal model construction in life-course epidemiology, and combining both data-driven and theory-driven methods can lead to even stronger models.
Physical effort paradox during reward evaluation and links to perceived control
Authors: Wu Menglin , Zheng Ya
Published: June 2023

Effort expenditure not only prospectively discounts the reward associated with it but also retrospectively adds the subjective value of reward, which is known as the effort paradox. This study aimed to resolve the effort paradox during reward evaluation through the critical lens of neural dynamics and its potential moderators. In total, 40 participants completed an effort-reward task wherein they exerted varying physical efforts to obtain an opportunity to win monetary rewards by active or passive decision-making. We found that after-effects of physical effort expenditure during reward evaluation unfolded as an effort paradox over time, manifesting itself as an effort discounting effect during the reward positivity (RewP) period but as an effort enhancement effect during the late positive potential (LPP) interval. Then, we found a dynamic balance between the discounting effect and the enhancement effect such that the more effort discounted the RewP at the early stage, the more effort increased the LPP at the late stage. Moreover, we observed that the effort-reward relationship was modulated by perceived control such that it increased the reward sensitivity effect and decreased the effort discounting effect. Together, our findings provide new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying the after-effects of physical effort exertion during reward evaluation.
Democracy in the digital public sphere: disruptive or self-corrective?
Authors: Trenz Hans-Jörg
Published: June 2023

The article assesses the post-democratic scenario of a public sphere that is detached from democracy. By describing how public spheres are transformed by the Internet, it is asked whether the co-constitutive dynamics between the public sphere and democracy still apply in the digital age, or whether we are witnessing an ultimate rupture. The field of contemporary public sphere struggles in response to the digital transformations is discussed in terms of: (1) the rebalancing of privacy and publicity; (2) the truth orientation and rationality of public debates; and (3) the modes of empowerment of the will of the people. By evaluating the empirical evidence for the deep disruptions of the public sphere and democracy, it will become possible to develop a better understanding of the self-corrective mechanisms of public sphere resilience and renewal in the digital age.
Gender Differences in Reference Letters: Evidence from the Economics Job Market
Authors: Eberhardt Markus , Facchini Giovanni , Rueda Valeria
Published: June 2023

Academia, and economics in particular, faces increased scrutiny because of gender imbalance. This paper studies the job market for entry-level faculty positions. We employ machine learning methods to analyse gendered patterns in the text of 12,000 reference letters written in support of over 3,700 candidates. Using both supervised and unsupervised techniques, we document widespread differences in the attributes emphasised. Women are systematically more likely to be described using ‘grindstone’ terms and at times less likely to be praised for their ability. Using information on initial placement, we highlight the implications of these gendered descriptors for the quality of academic placement.
Additive genetic and environmental variation interact to shape the dynamics of seasonal migration in a wild bird population
Authors: Acker Paul , Daunt Francis , Wanless Sarah , Burthe Sarah J , Newell Mark A , Harris Michael P , Swann Robert L , Gunn Carrie , Morley Tim I , Reid Jane M
Published: June 2023

Dissecting joint micro-evolutionary and plastic responses to environmental perturbations requires quantifying interacting components of genetic and environmental variation underlying expression of key traits. This ambition is particularly challenging for phenotypically discrete traits where multiscale decompositions are required to reveal nonlinear transformations of underlying genetic and environmental variation into phenotypic variation, and when effects must be estimated from incomplete field observations. We devised a joint multistate capture–recapture and quantitative genetic animal model, and fitted this model to full-annual-cycle resighting data from partially-migratory European shags (${Gulosus~{}aristotelis}$) to estimate key components of genetic, environmental and phenotypic variance in the ecologically critical discrete trait of seasonal migration versus residence. We demonstrate non-negligible additive genetic variance in latent liability for migration, resulting in detectable micro-evolutionary responses following two episodes of strong survival selection. Further, liability-scale additive genetic effects interacted with substantial permanent individual and temporary environmental effects to generate complex nonadditive effects on expressed phenotypes, causing substantial intrinsic gene-by-environment interaction variance on the phenotypic scale. Our analyses therefore reveal how temporal dynamics of partial seasonal migration arise from combinations of instantaneous micro-evolution and within-individual phenotypic consistency, and highlight how intrinsic phenotypic plasticity could expose genetic variation underlying discrete traits to complex forms of selection.
Phase 2 Results Indicate Evenamide, A Selective Modulator of Glutamate Release, Is Associated With Clinically Important Long-Term Efficacy When Added to an Antipsychotic in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia
Authors: Anand Ravi , Turolla Alessio , Chinellato Giovanni , Roy Arjun , Hartman Richard D
Published: June 2023

Results from a pilot, 6-week, randomized, open-label, rater-blinded study, with 46-week extension, indicate very good tolerability with exceptional, clinically important, increasing efficacy of evenamide (7.5, 15, and 30 mg bid), a glutamate modulator, as add-on treatment to antipsychotics in 161 treatment-resistant, schizophrenia patients. Ninety-five percent of patients completed 6 weeks (1 discontinued for adverse event), and 89% continued in the extension. Results from the first 100 patients enrolled showed very low attrition over 1 year (77 completers); data pooled from all dose groups showed the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total score improved significantly (P < .001; paired t test; last observation carried forward [LOCF]) from baseline at 6 weeks (−9.4), 6 months (−12.7), and 1 year (−14.7); similarly, the proportion of responders (≥20% improvement) increased over time from 6 weeks (16.5%) to 6 months (39%) to 1 year (47.4%). Noteworthy improvement was also observed at each timepoint on the Clinical Global Impression - Severity scale and Clinical Global Impression of Change, indicating progressively increasing efficacy of evenamide up to 1 year.
A fusion-based approach to deep-learning and edge-cutting algorithms for identification and color recognition of traffic lights
Authors: Xu Yunqian
Published: June 2023

The detection and color recognition of traffic lights should be the foundation for the capture of illegal driving practices. However, it may be difficult to recognize lights of different colors in intricate and unpredictable surroundings. This study implements a traffic light detection and recognition scheme that can be used for intelligent traffic. First, the images obtained from the speed camera should be pre-segmented. Then the traffic lights with colors are detected by the YOLOv5 model trained based on the image-enhancement dataset. Next, the candidate boxes of traffic lights are edge detected and clipped out of multiple lamp panels in missing video frames. Finally, the color of the candidate boxes will be determined by the lamp panel with the greatest number of bright pixels. This finding shows that the fusion-based approach performs better than a single-based algorithm for identification and color recognition of traffic lights under varying illumination and weather circumstances.
Uncovering hidden trends: identifying time trajectories in risk factors documented in clinical notes and predicting hospitalizations and emergency department visits during home health care
Authors: Song Jiyoun , Min Se Hee , Chae Sena , Bowles Kathryn H , McDonald Margaret V , Hobensack Mollie , Barrón Yolanda , Sridharan Sridevi , Davoudi Anahita , Oh Sungho , Evans Lauren , Topaz Maxim
Published: June 2023

Objective

This study aimed to identify temporal risk factor patterns documented in home health care (HHC) clinical notes and examine their association with hospitalizations or emergency department (ED) visits.

Materials and Methods

Data for 73 350 episodes of care from one large HHC organization were analyzed using dynamic time warping and hierarchical clustering analysis to identify the temporal patterns of risk factors documented in clinical notes. The Omaha System nursing terminology represented risk factors. First, clinical characteristics were compared between clusters. Next, multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between clusters and risk for hospitalizations or ED visits. Omaha System domains corresponding to risk factors were analyzed and described in each cluster.

Results

Six temporal clusters emerged, showing different patterns in how risk factors were documented over time. Patients with a steep increase in documented risk factors over time had a 3 times higher likelihood of hospitalization or ED visit than patients with no documented risk factors. Most risk factors belonged to the physiological domain, and only a few were in the environmental domain.

Discussion

An analysis of risk factor trajectories reflects a patient’s evolving health status during a HHC episode. Using standardized nursing terminology, this study provided new insights into the complex temporal dynamics of HHC, which may lead to improved patient outcomes through better treatment and management plans.

Conclusion

Incorporating temporal patterns in documented risk factors and their clusters into early warning systems may activate interventions to prevent hospitalizations or ED visits in HHC.
A multi-centre, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ramelteon for the prevention of postoperative delirium in elderly cancer patients: a study protocol for JORTC-PON2/J-SUPPORT2103/NCCH2103
Authors: Sadahiro Ryoichi , Hatta Kotaro , Yamaguchi Takuhiro , Masanori Enokido , Matsuda Yoshinobu , Ogawa Asao , Iwata Yusei , Tokoro Akihiro , Nakahara Rika , Hirayama Takatoshi , Yanai Yuko , Ogawa Yuko , Kayano Ayako , Ariyoshi Keisuke , Oyamada Shunsuke , Uchitomi Yosuke , Akechi Tatsuo , Yamamoto Noboru , Okita Natsuko , Yorikane Eiko , Shimada Kazuaki , Furukawa Tetsuya , Hashimoto Hironobu , Maeda Makoto , Sato Tetsufumi , Sekimoto Asuko , Sasaki Chiyuki , Saito Eiko , Uezono Yasuhito , Matsuoka Hiromichi
Published: June 2023

Postoperative delirium is an important issue in cancer patients, affecting surgical outcomes and the quality of life. Ramelteon is a melatonin receptor agonist with high affinity for MT1 and MT2 receptors. Clinical trials and observational studies in Japan, including in surgical cancer patients, have shown efficacy of ramelteon in delirium prevention, with no serious safety concerns. However, clinical trials from the USA have reported conflicting results. A Japanese phase II study investigated the efficacy and safety of ramelteon for delirium prevention following gastrectomy in patients aged ≥75 years, with findings suggesting the feasibility of a phase III trial. The aim of this multi-centre, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled phase III trial is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral ramelteon for postoperative delirium prevention in cancer patients aged ≥65 years as advanced medical care. The trial protocol is described here.
Relative efficacy of high-pressure versus backpack sprayer applications of 2 natural product-based acaricides for control of host-seekingIxodes ScapularisandAmblyomma americanumnymphs
Authors: Schulze Terry L , Jordan Robert A
Published: June 2023

We evaluated the relative effectiveness of the natural product acaricide Essentria IC3 and the entomopathogenic fungal acaricide BotaniGard ES to suppress host-seeking Ixodes scapularis Say and Amblyomma americanum (L.) nymphs when applied with low-pressure backpack and high-pressure sprayers. Essentria IC3 applied by backpack sprayer out-performed high-pressure applications, while the opposite was true for treatments with BotaniGard ES. We were unable to demonstrate consistently greater efficacy using high-pressure applications, and neither of the acaricides or application methods provided substantial (>90%) levels of control at 7 days postapplication.
Developing methods for chilling, compacting, and sterilizing adult Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and comparing mating competitiveness between males sterilized as adults versus pupae for sterile male release
Authors: Tussey Dylan A , Morreale Rachel , Carvalho Danilo O , Stenhouse Steven , Lloyd Aaron M , Hoel David F , Hahn Daniel A
Published: June 2023

The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti L., can transmit several pathogens responsible for human diseases. With insecticide resistance development becoming a concern, alternative control strategies are needed for Ae. aegypti. Sterile insect technique (SIT) is an increasingly popular option being explored. However, logistical issues in mass production and sterilization make it difficult to maintain a SIT program. Male mosquitoes are typically irradiated as pupae because this is the earliest developmental point at which females can be separated from males, but asynchrony in pupation and high variability in pupal responses to irradiation based on pupal age make it difficult to sterilize mass quantities of pupae on a regular schedule in a rearing facility. Young adult mosquitoes have wider windows for irradiation sterilization than pupae, which can allow facilities to have fixed schedules for irradiation. We produced a workflow for adult Ae. aegypti irradiation in a mosquito control district with an operational SIT program that currently irradiates pupae. The impacts of chilling, compaction, and radiation dose on survival were all assessed before combining them into a complete adult irradiation protocol. Males chilled up to 16 h prior to compaction and compacted to 100 males/cm3 during radiation resulted in low mortality. Males irradiated as adults had increased longevity and similar sterility compared to males irradiated as pupae. Additionally, males sterilized as adults were more sexually competitive than males sterilized as pupae. Thus, we have shown that irradiating adult males can be a viable option to increase the efficiency of this operational mosquito SIT program.
Traumatic rupture of anterolateral papillary muscle in a patient with congenital deficiency of left hemi-pericardium: case report
Authors: Adomako K A , Tamatey M N , Offei-Larbi G , Sereboe L A K , Okyere I
Published: June 2023

Congenital absence or deficiency of the pericardium or hemi-pericardium is uncommon. When it happens, the protection given to the heart is greatly reduced, and blunt or penetrating trauma to the chest is transmitted directly to the heart. Valvular injuries from these traumas are however rare with a case of tricuspid valve rupture reported. Traumatic papillary muscle rupture in all patients group is also rare. Co-existing rupture of papillary muscle in patients with congenital absence of the pericardium is extremely rare. We report the rare case of a patient with deficient left hemi-pericardium who had a traumatic rupture of the anterolateral papillary muscle from a road traffic accident.
Successful use of single-port laparoscopic surgery for ovarian cyst removal during pregnancy: a case series of three cases
Authors: Misawa Akihiko , Okubo Miki Muto , Nagae Seika , Yokomizo Ryo , Aoki Hiroaki , Takanashi Hiroko
Published: June 2023

Pregnant patients have an increased risk of torsion compared to that seen in nonpregnant patients, and those with larger cysts undergo torsion more frequently, which can cause obstructions during labor. The risks associated with emergent surgery are higher than those with elective surgery. Laparoscopic surgery can be safely performed during pregnancy. Single-port laparoscopic surgery is reported to be a minimally invasive laparoscopic technique. We report three cases of ovarian dermoid cysts, which were successfully removed during pregnancy through elective single-port laparoscopic surgery. In all cases, imaging showed a dermoid cyst and the cyst size was greater than 6 cm. All patients requested the surgery. The ovarian cysts were successfully removed by single-port laparoscopy without additional ports and without intra- or postoperative complications. All pregnancies progressed well and delivered vaginally at full term. The single-port laparoscopic approach is useful for removing ovarian cysts during pregnancy.
Use of an open partial laryngectomy technique for a massive laryngeal leiomyosarcoma in a 40-year-old man with functional preservation postoperatively
Authors: Allen David Z , Cao Emily M , Cruz Gabriela , Kain Joshua J
Published: June 2023

Laryngeal cancers are one of the most common head and neck malignancies and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Although they most commonly originate from squamous cell carcinoma, there are multiple different pathologies that can arise. We present a patient with an atypical presentation of a glottic mass for which final pathology revealed a leiomyosarcoma (LMS). We report the first case in the English literature of a large bulky LMS that was removed entirely through a partial vertical laryngectomy and pharyngectomy, with maintained swallow and speech function postoperatively.
La Théorie du Concept des Normes ISO à l’Ere Numérique
Authors: Roche Christophe
Published: June 2023

Many ΙΤ applications rely on the operationalisation of terminologies, such as multilingual semantic search engines. By operationalisation of terminology, we mean a computational representation of the conceptual system as an ontology of knowledge engineering. This conceptual approach of terminology is close to the ISO principles on terminology as defined by the core standards ISO 1087:2019 and ISO 704:2022. The question then is to study what contribution these standards can make to the construction of ontologies for terminological purposes. In other words, are the terminology principles of ISO soluble in the ontology of knowledge engineering? In this article, we will attempt to provide some answers on the feasibility of implementing ISO principles in description logic, the dominant model in knowledge representation. We will illustrate our proposition with Protégé, the most popular environment for building ontologies. Facing the issues raised by this approach, the article will end with the ontoterminology building environment Tedi directly linked to the ISO principles.
Machine versus corpus-based translation of multiword terms
Authors: Cabezas-García Melania , León-Araúz Pilar
Published: June 2023

Machine translation (MT) post-editing is an increasingly common practice in the translation industry which is also slowly being applied in the development of terminological resources. However, more studies have been devoted to analyze the practice in a translation scenario than in a terminographic context. Consequently, term-oriented post-editing guidelines are a current need if terminographers are also to become post-editors. With a view to enhancing the multilingual representation of environmental multiword terms (MWTs) in terminological resources, we analyze English–Spanish MWT translation in various generic MT systems. Our aims are: (1) to evaluate MT output in order to check whether it can be of any help to terminographers’ work; (2) to develop an error typology in order to raise terminographers’ awareness; and (3) to use the error typology to sketch a series of basic pre-editing and post-editing rules in a terminographic scenario. A comparison of MT output with the equivalents found in a comparable corpus is also presented. Even though MT often presents errors or unidiomatic choices, it can still serve as a basis for human post-editing, and provided that post-editors are familiarized with the potential errors. Comparable corpora, on the other hand, offer better results, but searches are more time-consuming and equivalents are not always available.
Newly arrived migrants meet street-level bureaucrats in Jordan, Sweden, and Turkey: Client perceptions of satisfaction–dissatisfaction and response strategies
Authors: Schierenbeck Isabell , Spehar Andrea , Naseef Tareq
Published: June 2023

The article examines how newly arrived Syrian refugees experience and navigate their encounters with street-level bureaucrats (SLBs) in three urban settings: Adana, Turkey; Gothenburg, Sweden; and Irbid, Jordan. The encounters took place in the context of local government institutions responsible for assisting refugees upon their arrival in the host society. The broader question examined is how refugees respond when experiencing dissatisfaction with their encounters with SLBs in the receiving country. In our analysis, we draw upon the Exit, Voice, Loyalty, Neglect model suggesting different patterns of response to dissatisfaction with public services. We also deploy an additional, understudied response type, Gaming. The degree of satisfaction–dissatisfaction experienced by Syrian refugees and the kind of response strategies they resorted to as a consequence of that experience varied notably from country to country. Syrian refugees in Gothenburg and Adana felt more dissatisfied with and frustrated by their encounters with SLBs than their compatriots in Irbid. The responses of the refugees in Adana were mostly of the Exit and Neglect type. In Gothenburg, on the other hand, interviewees primarily resorted to Neglect and Voice responses, while in Irbid Gaming, Exit, and Loyalty were the most common response strategies opted for to express and act upon one’s dissatisfaction.
Prehistoric Numeracy
Authors: Overmann Karenleigh A.
Published: June 2023

Two approaches to prehistoric numeracy are analyzed and compared. The first approach uses traditional archaeological methods and criteria to examine and characterize marks on prehistoric artifacts for the purpose of assessing whether they were notations. The second approach uses a theoretical framework in which cognition is extended—meaning that material forms are considered to be an implicit component of the cognitive system—in order to understand the role of counting devices in numerical cognition. Each approach answers different questions. The traditional approach is concerned with understanding the intent and meaning of artifactual marks, while the extended approach focuses on the role of material forms in numerical emergence and elaboration. Both approaches highlight ongoing issues in investigating prehistoric numeracy, which might benefit from a combined and expanded methodology.
Investigating Cognitive Abilities of Early Humans
Authors: Botha Rudolf
Published: June 2023

It is generally agreed that there is no direct evidence about the cognitive abilities, linguistic and non-linguistic, of early humans. There is an approach, though, that has been used to fruitfully investigate the linguistic abilities of these humans. Known as the “Windows Approach,” it proceeds from the assumption that inferences about early forms of human language, including their origin and evolution, can be drawn from other phenomena about which there is direct evidence. These other phenomena are taken to be or provide windows on such forms of language. The central idea expounded in the present chapter is that the conceptual constructs of the Windows Approach can be used to investigate non-linguistic abilities of early humans as well. The chapter does this in three steps: first, by setting out in general terms what a window of the kind concerned is; second, by illustrating the use of core concepts, distinctions and principles of the Windows Approach to make and appraise inferences about linguistic abilities of Neandertals; third, by showing how some of these conceptual constructs have been used in accounts of non-linguistic abilities of early humans. The focus here is on work that draws inferences about cognitive abilities of these humans from hafted spears, and from traps and snares used for capturing smaller animals.
Time and Clay
Authors: March Paul L.
Published: June 2023

The aim of this chapter is fourfold. First, it introduces an artistic mode of enquiry to a cognitive archaeology readership. Called clayful phenomenology, the method depends upon the sense-making potential of material change. Unlike the outcome of scientific research, the ideas created by a clayful phenomenological investigation are not expressed in words or numbers but become manifest through the morphosis and metamorphosis of clay. Meanings that are made with a clayful attitude lack the clarity of logical or semantic statements; their sense derived from connections that are metaphorical, allegorical, and mythical. Method and meaning are non-coherent. Second, the chapter gives the theoretical framework for clayful phenomenology, principally provided by Material Engagement Theory, with additional support from Heidegger’s phenomenological accounts of Dasein. It shows how this ontological backdrop transforms the agent of enquiry from an individual artist to a “transient system of creation,” a temporary assembly made not of whole things but a collection of processes. Third, it shows how an engagement with Project Holocene changed the contemporary signification of a specific prehistoric artifactual type, a Jōmon flame pot. The change was born, not of prior intention, but happened non-coherently, through the confluence of the sort of disparate events that gather as a transient system of creation. Fourth, the chapter describes what time feels like from inside a system of creation. Inside, instead of creative activity happening in time, the creation of temporal experience is part of the activity of the system.
Rock Art and Cognitive Archaeology
Authors: Lewis-Williams J. David
Published: June 2023

This chapter reviews South African rock art from a cognitive perspective, and from the personal and historical perspective of the author. The author notes that recently there has been a vigorous attempt to bring natural science approaches to southern African rock art archaeology research, such that it transitioned from its earlier perceived position as the amateur’s hobby into a professional’s domain. The author also argues that if Upper Palaeolithic people were fully modern, they must have had the potential to experience altered states of consciousness, intentionally or unintentionally, that would be manifested by their iconography. In the southern African instance, despite widely emphasized egalitarianism, trance experiences set the San shamans apart as people to be respected—even feared—and the same was probably true in the Upper Palaeolithic.
Introduction
Authors: Wynn Thomas , Overmann Karenleigh A. , Coolidge Frederick L.
Published: June 2023

In this introductory essay to The Oxford handbook of cognitive archaeology, the volume editors present and define the field, distinguishing it within the broader discipline as the branch concerned with human cognition and typically adopting cognitive paradigms as the basis for its interpretations. The editors discuss the two main investigatory branches, the Evolutionary Cognitive Archaeology (ECA) that focuses on the evolutionary development of human cognition and the Ideational Cognitive Archaeology (ICA) that focuses on the thoughts and beliefs of ancient societies, along with the emerging 4E (embodied, embedded, extended, and enacted) strand that is concerned with the role of material forms within human cognition. The editors also differentiate cognitive archaeology from disciplines like evolutionary psychology in terms of foundational assumptions, theories, methods, and epistemological orientations. Finally, the editors outline the Handbook’s structure and organization.
Magnetic operators in 2D compact scalar field theories on the lattice
Authors: Abe Motokazu , Morikawa Okuto , Onoda Soma , Suzuki Hiroshi , Tanizaki Yuya
Published: June 2023

In lattice compact gauge theories, we must impose the admissibility condition to have well-defined topological sectors. The admissibility condition, however, usually forbids the presence of magnetic operators, and it is not so trivial if one can study the physics of magnetic objects that depends on the topological term, such as the Witten effect, on the lattice. In this paper, we address this question in the case of 2D compact scalars as it would be one of the simplest examples having analogues of the monopole and the topological term. To define the magnetic operator, we propose the “excision method,” which consists of excising lattice links (or bonds) in an appropriate region containing the magnetic operator and defining the dual lattice in a particular way. The size of the excised region is O(1) in lattice units so that the magnetic operator becomes point-like in the continuum limit. We give the lattice derivation of the ’t Hooft anomalies between the electric and magnetic symmetries and also derive the higher-group-like structure related to the Witten effect.
Predicting student engagement and mental health issues in the metaverse environment
Authors: Arofah Laelatul , Hanurawan Fattah , Ramli M , Chusniyah Tutut , Hidayah Nur
Published: June 2023

The world is buzzing about the metaverse environment. Metaverse provides virtual platforms that provide interactive learning experiences. However, future threats are unavoidable. This threat is related to the lack of interaction that occurs between students, teachers and the wider environment. Even though physical interaction is needed by individuals to maintain mental health.
The Impact of Privileged Classroom Friends on Adult Income and Income Mobility: A Study of a Swedish Cohort Born in 1953
Authors: Gurzo Klara , Östergren Olof , Martikainen Pekka , Modin Bitte
Published: June 2023

Social relationships across and within generations are associated with intergenerational income mobility. Parents affect their children’s future opportunities through socialization and by conveying various resources to the child during upbringing. However, self-acquired social contacts of children, such as friendships in school, might also affect long-term outcomes. Children from less privileged homes may gain access to additional resources through contact with privileged friends and their parents. This study examines whether having a classroom friend with high parental income (privileged friend) is associated with upward income mobility. Furthermore, it explores where in the parental income distribution a privileged friend matters most. We use data from the Stockholm Birth Cohort Multigenerational Study (n = 10,641), which is a prospective study of individuals born in 1953 who lived in the greater Stockholm area in 1963. We fit classroom fixed-effects models to estimate the association between having a privileged childhood friend and adult income as well as parental income and adult income along with the interaction of privileged friend and parental income. Results show that cohort members who had a privileged classroom friend had higher adult income, and that this income gain was greater among those whose parents belonged to the lowest income quartile, compared with those whose parents had higher incomes. These results are robust to adjustments for childhood socioeconomic background, personal attributes, and adult educational attainment. Our findings indicate that having an economically privileged friend in the school class bolsters adult income and upward income mobility of children from families with low income.
Identification of the hub genes in polycystic ovary syndrome based on disease‐associated molecule network
Authors: Wu Yue , Yang Lingping , Wu Xianglu , Wang Lidan , Qi Hongbo , Feng Qian , Peng Bin , Ding Yubin , Tang Jing
Published: June 2023

Revealing the key genes involved in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and elucidating its pathogenic mechanism is of extreme importance for the development of targeted clinical therapy for PCOS. Investigating disease by integrating several associated and interacting molecules in biological systems will make it possible to discover new pathogenic genes. In this study, an integrative disease‐associated molecule network, combining protein–protein interactions and protein–metabolites interactions (PPMI) network was constructed based on the PCOS‐associated genes and metabolites systematically collected. This new PPMI strategy identified several potential PCOS‐associated genes, which have unreported in previous publications. Moreover, the systematic analysis of five benchmarks data sets indicated the DERL1 was identified as downregulated in PCOS granulosa cell and has good classification performance between PCOS patients and healthy controls. CCR2 and DVL3 were upregulated in PCOS adipose tissues and have good classification performance. The expression of novel gene FXR2 identified in this study is significantly increased in ovarian granulosa cells of PCOS patients compared with controls via quantitative analysis. Our study uncovers substantial differences in the PCOS‐specific tissue and provides a plethora of information on dysregulated genes and metabolites that are linked to PCOS. This knowledgebase could have the potential to benefit the scientific and clinical community. In sum, the identification of novel gene associated with PCOS provides valuable insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of PCOS and could potentially lead to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.