bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TECHNICAL ENGLISH IN AEROSPACE
Authors: MATVEEV Anton
Published: December 2021

Since 2004, the International Civil Aviation Organization has imposed pilots and air traffic controllers elsewhere in the world to comply with the established language proficiency standards as a safety measure against language and communication problems during flights. Currently, one of the problems that aviation English practitioners face is the lack of training materials on aviation specifications to learn various language aspects. This article discusses peculiarities of technical English used in aerospace. Thus, technical English not only facilitates communication between native and non-native English speakers but reduces the risk of errors and overall risks as well. In this regard, appropriate teaching approaches should be chosen, various tools and forms of teaching English aviation language should be used to form the language competence of future specialists.
Emilia: miradas del rol cultural de la mujer en la ciencia y su enseñanza
Authors: Sanabria Rojas Quira Alejandra
Published: December 2021

Este artículo presenta parte de los resultados de la fase cualitativa de la investigación “Rol cultural de la mujer en la ciencia y su enseñanza y diversidad cultural: el caso de las concepciones de profesoras formadoras de licenciados en ciencias” los cuales corresponden con el objetivo de  caracterizar las concepciones del rol cultural de la mujer de la entrevistada como producto de la interpretación de las concepciones a través de la teorías implícitas, para ello se establecieron como categorías metodológicas las dimensiones teóricas: Historia Nacional de Colombia (HNC), Conocimiento ecocultural del rol de la mujer (CER) y  Formación de profesores y Enseñanza de las ciencias (FP y EC). Concluyendo que el rol cultural de la entrevistada se caracteriza por mostrar tensiones entre las funciones sociales de maestra, mujer y madre cuando opera en escenarios políticos, económicos o escolares.
The Mechanism of Action and Social Fairness of Changes Related to the Personal Income Tax
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Economics and Financial Law of the Far Eastern Institute of Management, Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor, Osipova Elena S.
Published: December 2021

Since 2001, Russia has introduced a flat scale of taxation of personal income, which for twenty years has been causing discussions in the scientific community and society. The proportional taxation of wages does not take into account the differentiation in incomes of various strata of the population and does not meet the principle of social justice. However, the difficulties of economic development have led to the need to introduce an additional rate on income of individuals, which is presented as progressive taxation. The article examines the situation with the differentiation of the population in terms of living standards in Russia and the compliance of innovations with a progressive approach.
SUBJECTS OF TRANSFER OF CRIMINAL PROSECUTION (PROCEEDINGS) WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION. PART II. THE DEFENSE TEAM AND OTHER PARTICIPANTS
Authors:   Assistant Professor of Chair of Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure and Criminalistics, Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO — University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, PhD, Klevtsov Kirill K.
Published: December 2021

Taking into account the results of the study of the practice of international cooperation in the field of criminal proceedings, conducted by the author, the issue of the subjects of the transfer of criminal prosecution (legal proceedings) continues to be considered in the context of determining the procedural status of persons acting on the side of the defense, as well as other. Based on the results of the study, theoretical conclusions are drawn and practical recommendations are offered.
RELEASE ON BAIL IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal and Legal Disciplines of the Mikhail M. Speranskiy Law Institute of the Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs PhD (Law), Simagina Natalya A.
Published: December 2021

The article provides a rather-legal analysis of the preventive measure in the form of bail in foreign countries. The author focuses on the countries of the anglo-american and romano-german legal family. Attention is paid to the specifics of choosing bail as a preventive measure, its form and size.
Investigation of Factors Affecting the Stone-Free Rate in Elderly Patients with Urinary Stones After Shock Wave Lithotripsy
Authors: YÜKSEL Alpaslan , BABA Dursun , ŞENOĞLU Yusuf , TAŞKIRAN Arda Taşkın
Published: December 2021

Aim: Urinary stone disease is an important disease seen in all age groups, including elderly patients. It can cause kidney failure and urinary infection problems. Shock wave therapy, which is the minimal invasive among the different treatment alternatives, is preferred for kidney and proximal ureteral stones smaller than 2 cm. Studies on the efficacy and safety of this treatment in elderly patients are limited. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the stone-free rate (SFR) in elderly patients with urinary stones after shock wave lithotripsy.
Material and Methods: The data of 120 patients in the Urology department of Duzce University Faculty of Medicine between 2010 and 2018 over 65 years old who underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for urinary system stone disease were evaluated retrospectively. The data obtained from these patients included sex, age, location of the stone (upper, middle, or lower calyx, renal pelvis, ureter), number of shock waves, stone size, and the need for the auxiliary procedure were analyzed.
Results: Of the 120 patients, 82 (68.3%) were male and 38 (31.7%) were female. Comorbidity was present in 49 patients. An overall SFR of 65.8% (n=79) was found. The highest SFR was found in middle calyx stones with 79.3% (23 of the 29 patients). Post-ESWL auxiliary procedures were needed in 36 (30%) patients. Two patients developed subcapsular renal hematoma and pyelonephritis.
Conclusion: ESWL is an appropriate even the first option for elder male with favorable stone size. Furthermore, ESWL caused acceptable morbidity in older patients.
Uwarunkowania przyrodnicze lokalizacji elektrowni wiatrowych w gminie Szadek
Authors: Granosik Ewelina , Kobojek Sławomir
Published: December 2021

W artykule przedstawiono warunki przyrodnicze rozwoju energetyki wiatrowej w gminie Szadek w zachodniej części regionu łódzkiego. Podstawowe znaczenie dla decyzji o budowie siłowni wiatrowych mają warunki wietrzne występujące na obszarze gminy. Miasto Szadek i otaczające go tereny wiejskie gminy znajdują się w III strefie energetycznej wiatru, co oznacza, że wielkość wiatrowych zasobów energetycznych wynosi około 500‒1000 kWh/m2/rok. W tych warunkach budowa siłowni wiatrowych jest opłacalna z punktu widzenia ekonomicznego. Na terenie gminy wybudowano w związku z tym 26 wiatrowych urządzeń energetycznych. Większość z nich zlokalizowana jest w centrum gminy w szerokim pasie o przebiegu północ–południe. Siłownie wzniesiono na powierzchni równinnej wysoczyzny morenowej, zbudowanej z gliny zwałowej. Eksponowana na działanie wiatru równina użytkowana jest rolniczo. Występujące tu głównie uprawy zbóż i roślin okopowych nie hamują w sposób istotny ruchu powietrza, co sprzyja energetycznemu wykorzystaniu siły wiatru.
​Moringa- The Miracle Wellness Tree: A Review
Authors: Athira K.A. , Panjikkaran S.T. , Aneena E.R. , Sharon C.L. , Lakshmi P.S.
Published: December 2021

Moringa [Moringa oleifera (Lam.) Moringaceae] is a fast growing, deciduous, drought tolerant and tropical perennial tree. Moringa oleifera is called as a “Miracle Tree” due to not only its nutritional and pharmacological properties but also utilized as biofuel, water purifier and cosmetic industry. Every part of Moringa oleifera is a storehouse of essential nutrients. Edible parts of the plant includes the whole leaves, immature green fruits or seed pods, flowers and roots. Mature seeds yield 38-40 per cent edible oil called ben oil. Cosmetics such as anti-ageing creams, hair care products, face creams, aromatherapy oils and massage oils use moringa oil. Fresh Moringa leaves was collected from Department of vegetable science, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur. The KAU Moringa variety Anupama was selected for the study during the period of 2018-2020. Moringa is indeed a miracle tree with enormous potential which is yet to be explored for therapeutic and commercial applications.
Whose Heritage Counts? Narratives of Coptic People’s Heritage
Authors: Monier Elizabeth
Published: December 2021

This paper examines whose voices narrate official Coptic heritage, what the in-built biases in representations of Coptic heritage are and why, and some of the implications of omissions in narratives of Coptic heritage. It argues that the primary narrator of official Coptic heritage during the twentieth century was the leadership of the Coptic Orthodox Church. The Coptic Orthodox Church is the body that holds authority over the sources of heritage, such as church buildings and manuscripts, and also has the resources with which to preserve and disseminate heritage. The Church hierarchy’s leadership was not entirely uncontested, however, a middle ground was continually negotiated to enable lay Copts to play various roles and contribute to the articulation of Coptic heritage. Ultimately, though, alternative voices must operate within the limits set by the Church leadership and also negotiate the layers of exclusion set by society and state.
Informal Workers and the State: The Politics of Connection and Disconnection During a Global Pandemic
Authors: Gallien Max , van den Boogaard Vanessa
Published: December 2021

In low- and middle-income countries, informal workers are particularly vulnerable to the health and economic effects of the Covid-19 pandemic and often neglected by policy responses. At the same time, the crisis is rapidly changing the ways that states engage with informal workers. We argue that the relationships between informal workers and states – and the politics of creating and accessing these linkages – are a critical and frequently overlooked part of the politics of the pandemic. Both pre-existing structural disconnection from the state—embodied, for example, through limited access to health infrastructure—and state attempts to build new connections, including through cash transfer programmes for informal workers, have a profound impact on the effectiveness and reach of state crisis responses. Without considering the varied and dynamic nature of the linkages between states and informal workers we cannot understand the heterogeneous health and economic impacts of the pandemic, state capacity to respond to the crisis, or institutional change in the context of crisis.
Policies and Practices that Link Accountability to Affected Populations (AAP) and Protection from Sexual Exploitation (PSEA)
Authors: Bolton Laura
Published: December 2021

This report show that largely protection from sexual exploitation (PSEA) is incorporated into accountability for affected population (AAP) policy and practice. In 2014 the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) merged two task forces on these into one. IASC look at linkages between AAP and PSEA processes highlighting that: risks of SEA should be understood and mitigated within AAP; feedback and complaints processes can be used for both areas; information for communities should be provided so that they know what behaviour to expect from aid workers in all areas; affected people should feed into SEA survivor packages The general consensus across organisations is that SEA constitutes the most serious breach of AAP. The Core Humanitarian Standard (CHS) Alliance published a PSEA index mapping CHS verification indicators with PSEA requirements. Documented experience of using this and other policies and tools were not identified within the scope of this report. More is needed in the humanitarian community to report practical experience in linking AAP and PSEA Agency documents on AAP include PSEA as core components. PSEA is suggested to be included in messaging at the onset of emergencies. Communities should be engaged with understanding their rights and how to act if their rights have been breached. Training is required for agencies to provide confidential, trusted and safe referral. Having a PSEA focal point is recommended.
The role of technology in crisis management and product recall in food supply chains
Authors:   Royal Agricultural University, UK, Manning Louise , Kowalska Aleksandra ,   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Poland
Published: December 2021

This chapter considers food governance and how it frames crisis management and product recalls in food supply chains. Effective food recalls following a food safety or legality related incident are supported by traceability systems ranging from paper based to those that apply the newest technology. This chapter is considers the value of Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) for improvements in food supply chain governance structures that are especially tested during product recalls. The focus is on identifying advantages of Blockchain systems within public-private partnerships (PPPs) for food governance. There is great potential to reduce information asymmetry, a key barrier to supply chain development, innovation and efficiency, and effective crisis management and product recalls with the use of DLTs including Blockchain. PPPs for supply chain governance deliver value at the supply chain and wider stakeholder level including developing Blockchain consortia to improve overall efficiency and integrity in data collection, storage and sharing.
The use of Internet of Things (IoT) to improve transparency in agri-food supply chains
Authors:   Harper Adams University, UK, Nayak Rounaq
Published: December 2021

Global food production needs to increase by approximately 70% by 2050 to ensure food security and feed the global population which is expected to reach 9.6 billion by 2050. To achieve these objectives in a sustainable manner, there is a need for modernisation and intensification of agricultural practices. There is also an increasing demand for proving sustainability within supply chains with research showing a direct correlation between transparency and consumer trust in agri-food products. This chapter starts out by detailing the impact and need for a globalised food system. It then progresses to discuss existing applications of Internet of Things (IoT) systems and the potential of future IoT systems in helping achieve these targets. The chapter also briefly touches upon the potential for combining Blockchain Technology and IoT systems in helping improve transparency and accountability within agri-food supply chains.
Investigation into the Effects of Turbulent Air Flow on Stall of a NACA 2412 Airfoil Using Spalart-Allmaras Turbulence Model in STARCCM+
Authors: Wang Zhexin , Su Yuwen
Published: December 2021

The simulation results of the air flow around NACA 2412 airfoil in STARCCM+ are submitted. The 9 groups of comparative experiments were simulated at 9 angles of attack: 0, 10, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 30 degrees. By analyzing the air flow near the upper surface airfoil, the relationship between the generation condition of separation vortex and the angle of attack and the law of change of angle of attack and lift force were obtained. Finding the range of angle of attack for the stall, the angle of attack with maximum lift effectiveness was determined.
Parametric vibrations of piezoelectric viscoelastic cylindrical panels taking into account transverse shear deformations
Authors: Kozlov Volodymyr , Zinchuk Liubov
Published: December 2021

The paper presents a numerical-analytical approach to solving problems of parametric vibrations of layered hinged piezoelectric viscoelastic cylindrical panels under electromechanical harmonic loading. The mathematical model is constructed using mechanical hypotheses about layer-by-layer approximation of shear deformations by quadratic functions on the thickness of panel, which are supplemented by adequate hypotheses on the distribution of electric field quantities when the components of the electric field strength vector and the normal component of the electric induction vector are different from zero. The dissipative properties of materials are taken into account on the basis of the theory of linear viscoelectric elasticity. To solve the problems, a technique based on the use of the variation principle and the representation of the required quantities in the form of decomposition into double trigonometric series has been developed. This makes it possible to reduce the considered problems to Mathieu-Hill-type equations taking into account energy dissipation, which are solved by the method of harmonic linearization, which allows to determine the boundaries of the regions of dynamic instability.
Development of the design of saw blade with multidirectional teeth
Authors: Сергій Володимирович Майданюк
Published: December 2021

The work is devoted to improving the productivity and quality of surfaces when cutting metal blanks with saw blade due to the development of the design of cutting cutters with multidirectional teeth and the definition of rational processing modes. On the basis of the general provisions of the theory of cutting and design of cutting tools, the design of the tool has been developed and the geometric parameters of the cutting part in the process of its operation are investigated. Based on the theory of forming surfaces, the methods of determining the parameters of the cut layer using 3D modeling using systems of solid-state geometric modeling and analytical modeling are developed, the parameters of the cut layer are investigated, on the basis of which the boundary processing modes and geometric parameters of the tool are determined. Conducted laboratory tests aimed at testing of theoretical studies, made it possible to obtain analytical dependence of characteristics of processing process and quality of obtained parts. Production verification of research results confirmed the results of theoretical research.
Damage to engineering objects during re-static alternating load modes
Authors: Grabovskiy Anatoliy , Bondarets Oleksandr , Babiienko Iryna
Published: December 2021

The paper considers the kinetics of damage accumulation in engineering facilities that operate under repeated static alternating load modes - parts and structural elements of vehicles (cars, airplanes, railways). When changing the direction of the load force in the structural material there is a phenomenon of changing the shape of micro defects, which leads to their "healing", ie the factor of damage to separation and shear changes, which affects the effective stresses and service life of equipment. This effect of defect healing is considered experimentally for materials with different plastic properties.
Planning of technical objects and systems
Authors: Zinko R.
Published: December 2021

There are many types and methods of simulation, but among them special attention should be paid to methods based on the theory of heuristic self - organization. All algorithms of the method of group argumentation (MGVA) are characterized by structural commonality on the principle of self - organization, which require insignificant requirements for a priori information to search for an infinite number of options. The advantage of the algorithm of the method of group consideration of arguments in comparison with other algorithms of this class is the presence of possibilities of expansion of the vector of initial data and the device for elimination of collinearity - reception of orthogonalization. MGVA consists of two blocks: pre - processing of observations taking into account the system of selected reference functions and calculation of selection applicants. As a result of the algorithm, models capable of controlling the process taking into account the phenomena accompanying a certain process are obtained. Given the commonality of the main provisions of the theory of self - organization of artificial neural networks and MGVA, the network variables are added to the model as a variable Z. As a result, we obtain a neural network that describes the physical phenomena accompanying the process. This will significantly increase the efficiency and accuracy of process management.
Structures based on elliptical arcs in the problems of designing trajectories and creating mechanical systems
Authors: Labutkina Tetiana
Published: December 2021

Abstract. An experimental study of the strain of a rectilinear segment of a pipeline Du 200 made of steel 20 under cyclic loading by internal pressure was carry out. The tests were performed on a pneumohydraulic stand under conditions of flat stress, normal temperatures, and load cycle asymmetry with registration of circular and axial elastic-plastic strain. The aim of the work was to test an experimental technique for studying the effect of ratcheting (unilateral accumulation of plastic deformations) on real structural elements when changing the modes of cyclic loading. According to the results of the study, curves of cyclic deformation (ratcheting) of the pipe in the circular and axial direction on the basis 100 cycles were obtained.
Asian Russia’s Energy Complex in a Changing World
Authors: Kryukov V. , Suslov N. , Kryukov Y.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the current state and possibilities for development of the energy complex in Russia’s Asian regions (territories to the East of the Urals) under the constraints of the globally promoted energy transition agenda. The authors consider these issues mainly from the point of view of the extent to which the development of the energy complex in accordance with the UN Sustainable Development Goals and ESG (Environment, Sustainability, Governance) paradigm can ensure more sustainable socio-economic development of the vast Russia’s territory. It is shown that lagging behind in development of scientific and production services in the East of Russia, production of specialized machinery and capabilities for deeper processing of energy resources significantly reduces the chances of achieving both the sustainable socio-economic development and reduction of carbon intensity in the area. Developing of procedures and approaches for the institutional structure of government regulation and management of the energy complex in the East of Russia in order to exploit its huge energy potential plays an important role in solving these problems. That is hardly achievable without the formation of feedback between exports of energy resources and the projects aimed at changing the structure of the economy of Russia’s Asian regions. The authors believe that the currently observed rapid growth in demand for domestic primary energy resources in China and the Asia-Pacific Region as a whole should not be treated as a stable long-term trend and one should not be entirely guided by it when making and implementing longterm structural decisions. Also, in order to increase the stability of the energy complex of Russia’s Asian regions and Russian economy as a whole, it is necessary to develop projects based on the forward and backward linkages between various economic sectors and regions.
National and Collective Practices for the COVID-19 Pandemic Response in Europe
Authors: Vedernikov M.
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the national and collective pandemic responses at the early stage of the COVID‑19 spread in Europe. It is noted that the European Union was not ready for such a cataclysm, despite the history of the spread of serious infectious diseases and the presence of special services and road maps. The virus that began to circulate in Asia, was not initially perceived by the EU representatives as a real threat. Moreover, its leadership ignored the voices of some member states of the Union, focusing on solving other problems. In turn, the countries left without Brussels’ attention began to counteract the new Coronavirus independently, using the anti-crisis tools that were prescribed in the existing pandemic plans. The existence of such national programs determined the specificity of the measures taken in the very first days. The author identifies three models of the EU member states’ behavior. The first one was common for the states of the so-called “political core of the EU” which refused to adopt strict lockdown measures due to their unwillingness to weaken democracy, violate human rights and limit civil liberties. The second group, comprised mainly of the EU‑11 countries, imposed severe measures. The author sees the rationale for this step in the fact that local authorities doubted the capabilities of national health systems in passing a pandemic stress test. The third group includes states that have chosen the way of achieving herd immunity – the most controversial option of resistance to viral infection, that has not proven its effectiveness. The article demonstrates that the period of growing national egoism was followed by a stage of decisive measures by the central authorities of the EU. They were able to develop a suitable package of measures that took into consideration the interests of the most affected countries of the Union. The consolidation of the EU after a temporary weakening became possible due to the “reset” of the Franco-German tandem.
An Asymmetric Model of Nuclear Deterrence
Authors: Fenenko A.
Published: December 2021

The article explores the concept of an asymmetric model of nuclear deterrence. The issue of asymmetric nuclear relations is one of the most productive in the theory of nuclear deterrence. By asymmetry we mean disparity in military power between the subjects of deterrence, when the weaker subject deters the stronger one. All of the official nuclear states have tried the components of such a policy, France and China exercising its fuller capacity. In the bipolar period, nuclear deterrence was relatively simple. The two superpowers sought to deter the opponent from taking certain actions by means of a nuclear threat. However, in the early XXI century, traditional deterrence is replaced by a compellence (coercive) policy aimed at forcing the opponent to commit certain actions that he would not commit otherwise. How the potential future revisionists can use coercion policy is an issue still beyond the scope of our rationalization. The author believes that they could indeed pursue such policy and could create a concept of asymmetric deterrence in three variants: 1) the use of nuclear weapons as a “guarantor” of their security in the course of expansion; 2) modernization of the “limited nuclear war” concept; 3) non-use of nuclear weapons alongside with the abandonment of the nuclear deterrence concept (modeled on the chemical weapons during World War II). However, the theory of asymmetric nuclear deterrence is still being developed at present, and therefore has been applied mainly at the political level. We can identify two issues emerging within the theory, both of which are of practical significance: 1) the weaker agent can deter the stronger adversary despite the military disparity between them; 2) whether the stronger agent is able to ward from the weaker counterpart. Looking back in history, we can observe, at least, four scenarios of the emergence of revisionist powers: – the French scenario: when a state aiming at supremacy fails to achieve it through a number of local conflicts and instead attempts to gain global leadership; – the German scenario: when a super state with great military power feels offended and struggles to assert its place in the sun, or rather in the world; – the Italian scenario: when a regional state, which does not boast great military power, starts a territorial expansion; – the Japanese scenario: when a previously small and, by default “insignificant” state, builds up its great military power and threatens the world with its revisionist policy. It is not possible yet to predict the mechanism of nuclear deterrence in today’s world or foresee where we shall expect the emergence of revisionist states. However, what we do learn from history is that such revisionist powers will be eager to promote their ambitions at any cost. It is quite difficult to imagine now what will happen if a revisionist state does not believe in another country’s readiness to deliver a nuclear strike. Similarly, what will happen if such a revisionist regime uses a containment strategy for both its defense and territorial expansion?
TOURISM AS A PATHWAY FOR RES UTILISATION
Authors: Kulišić Biljana , Zidar Margareta , Jelavić Branka , Domac Julije , Segon Velimir
Published: December 2021

Tourism, due its property of being an “invisible export” sector, has a strong multiplier effect over the economy. Tourists boost demand for numerous goods and services, one of them being energy. Unfortunately, energy sources are scarce for most of the countries in the region. Thus, one could think of another solution to the excess demand for energy than import. Namely, for more than a decade, renewable energy sources are in the central focus of the EU energy policy with an aim to ensure security, price stability, availably and affordability of energy to its citizens together with reduction of GHG emissions and making the EU economy more competitive. Combining tourism with renewable energy sources utilisation helps reducing the spill over effect from energy import. In this paper, the cross-section analysis based on environmental determination of tourism and renewable energy sources potentials is performed in order to indicate a pathway for implementation of renewable energy sources utilisation in the tourism and hotel industry.
Introduction au droit du vin au Japon et perspectives pour l'avenir
Authors: Mineo Koshu
Published: December 2021

Au Japon, la loi sur le vin a finalement été introduite en 2018. Toutefois, certains points doivent encore être réglés, comme la loi sur les indications géographiques et le système d'étiquetage. L'objectif de cette étude est d'analyser le système actuel tout en passant en revue l'histoire du marché japonais du vin, et de formuler des suggestions pour la mise en place d'un système adapté à l'histoire et à la culture du Japon.
Quantifying the Accessibility of Sustainable Seafood in Southeast Queensland, Australia
Authors: Vella Tia , Klein Carissa
Published: December 2021

Seafood is a nutritious source of protein for billions of people around the world and is generally more sustainable than other animal-based protein sources. As the human population grows, seafood will continue to play an important role in feeding the world. The sustainability of seafood products differs, depending on the species consumed, origin, and production/fishing method. Having access to sustainable seafood products is essential to ensure future generations can continue to consume seafood. We aimed to determine the accessibility of sustainable seafood products to consumers in southeast Queensland, Australia. We surveyed 52,447 fresh, cooked, and processed (packaged) seafood products across southeast Queensland from 2110 establishments (restaurants, supermarket, takeaway shops). We investigated the species, origin and catch method of seafood products and used this information to determine their sustainability according to the Good Fish Guide developed by the Australian Marine Conservation Society. We found enough information to determine the level of sustainability for 36% (n= 18,709) of surveyed products: 4.9% were sustainable, 4.1% were classified as ‘Eat Less’, and 27% were classified as ‘Say No’. The 64% (n=33,737) of products that we could not assess was due to the lack of information at point of sale (16%) or the product was not included in the Good Fish Guide (48%). The top three most accessible sustainable products were Australian farmed barramundi, oysters and prawns. The three most common products to ‘Say No’ were Australian farmed Atlantic salmon, imported prawns and basa. We found that 44% (n= 12,040) of products listed in the Good Fish Guide were lacking origin information. Improving the labelling of species, origin, and catch method of seafood products at the point of sale, especially detailed information about a product’s origin, is essential to improving the accessibility of sustainable seafood.
Research of dampher system damage physical processes of synchronous machines rotor
Authors: Vaskovskiy Yuriy , Geraskin Alexandr , Tatarinov Konstantin
Published: December 2021

The physical processes in the damper system of the rotor with the appearance of a static eccentricity of the rotor for two types of salient-pole synchronous machines - a capsule hydrogenator SGK 538/160-70M with a capacity of 22 MW and a synchronous generator with a capacity of 500 kW were investigated by means of mathematical modeling. A field mathematical model has been developed that takes into account the combined action of three physical fields of different nature: electromagnetic, temperature and field of thermomechanical stresses, and makes it possible to evaluate the heating and three-dimensional distribution of thermomechanical stresses in the structural elements of the rotor damper system of a salient-pole synchronous machine. These physical processes cause gradual destruction of the structure of the rotor damper system. It is proved that the primary cause of degradation and damage of the damping system of the rotor of an open-pole synchronous machine is the uneven distribution of induced currents in the rods at the poles of the rotor, which occurs when the machine works asynchronously or with the appearance of rotor static eccentricity. The largest induced currents and heat occur in the rods located at the edges of the pole pieces, while the central rods at the pole are heated significantly less. This asymmetric heating of the damping system of the rotor leads to significant thermomechanical stresses in the elements of the damping system of the rotor, which significantly depend on the magnitude of the eccentricity and slippery of the rotor in asynchronous mode. The magnitude of the total thermomechanical stresses in the rods is influenced not only by axially directed forces but also by transverse forces in the end short-circuiting elements. At considerable slippery and eccentricities there are inadmissibly big breaking forces which break cores and face short-circuiting elements of a damping system of a rotor. According to the results of the analysis, the heating and thermomechanical stresses of the structural elements were determined and recommendations for its structural improvement were given.
Model of deformation growth dynamics during filled polymer materials mechanical tests under cable production conditions
Authors: Zolotarev Vladimir , Golik Oksana , Moskvitin Eugene , Zykоv Mykola , Shurupova Alina , Shchebeniuk Lesia , Vasylieva Oksana
Published: December 2021

With the introduction into highly filled halogen-free plastics production, the mechanical strength of which in operation directly depends on the flame retardant content and application technology, it becomes important to control the cable sheath mechanical characteristics in a fireproof design. Polymeric materials and their compositions are viscoelastic materials for which the mechanical properties depend on the stress time. The results of estimating the deformation samples rate elongation from the uniaxial stretching time at different dilution rates of the clamps in the mechanical characteristics determining process for halogen-free cable plastics in regulatory tests under production conditions are presented. It is shown that the inner and outer layers of the halogen-free plastic cable sheath have significantly different values of the plasticity normative parameter: differences evidence in the polymer structure in the inner and outer layers of the sheath due to the forced deformation process during extrusion, which is forced polymer structure orientation. Elongation relative deformation experimental dependences δL(t) of the samples on the uniaxial stretching time at different clamps dilution speeds are given, which illustrate confirmed by a large data array the dependencies shape reproducibility δL(t) for different in structure similar filled halogen-free polymers. The strain rate dependence model on tensile time as the sum of instantaneous-elastic, viscoelastic and instantaneous-plastic (irreversible) is proposed: dε/dt = λпр exp ( – t/λпр) + {∫ λ1 exp(–τ/λ1).exp[–(t–τ)/λ2]dτ]}/Δt. The appropriate parameter estimates of the named samples deformation components obtained by approximating the experimental data by the proposed model are given. The proposed model, firstly, explains the presence characteristic relative deformation maximum (t = tm) as a two interdependent deformation processes superposition with different aftermath λ. Secondly, it allows to specify the requirements for testing: with increasing the clamps dilution speed, the maximum time tm decreases significantly, respectively, the higher the clamps dilution speed, the smaller interval time Δt between a successive sample control section length measurements. This conclusion was experimentally confirmed for a specific material at a speed of 250 mm/min
INSTRUMENT DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATICS LEARNING OUTCOMES BY THE RASCH MODEL IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TO SUPPORT THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE 2013 CURRICULUM
Authors: S.Pd, M.Pd Dr. Ahmad , Izmaimusah Dasa , Idris Mustamin
Published: December 2021

This research aims to produce a grid design of mathematics learning outcomes instruments at the elementary school level in implementing the 2013 Curriculum. This research is expected to bring about the availability of grid design and supporting devices for the implementation of elementary school mathematics learning outcomes instruments. Output which obtained in this study is to help teachers in the development system of assessment that is sustainable, focussing on aspect of the analysis of the level of difficulty gains and the level of ability of students to use the model of Rasch. The sustainability implementation of Curriculum 2013, which may involve the heads of schools, teachers and students and the other relevant. In terms of the effectiveness, fostering sustainable used as the focus of a major system development as an instrument to validate test by the teacher and doing test try limited to the four schools in Palu. At the first stage, the design of instrument is carried out in the form of lattice and grain instruments, pieces of observation and questionnaires, test the construct, and the revision of the group of teachers and students of the school elementary grade IV. Result of test respondents (elementary School students in Palu) obtained that the point about the difficulty is the question number 26 (S26) with a value logit 2,08. While the matter of the most easily is the matter of number 3 (S3) with a value logit -1,84. Result output tables obtained information that does not exist grain matter which does not meet all the requirements fit (oufit MNSQ, outfit ZSTD and Pt Mean Corr) so that the point about including category fit or appropriate.
Environmental protection in the Constitution of the Czech Republic
Authors: Židek Dominik
Published: December 2021

This article aims to analyse the constitutional order of Czechia and the decision-making practice of the courts to define the legal means of environmental protection at the constitutional level. The aim is also to provide the reader with an essential insight into environmental protection in Czechia at the constitutional level so that the legal regulation and decision-making practice can be compared with other countries.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 04.12.2021 г. по 10.12.2021 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: December 2021

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19, за неделю с 04.12.2021 г. по 10.12.2021 г.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) и интерес (VOI) на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 04.12. по 10.12.2021 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Краснов Ярослав , Осина Наталья , Сафронов Валентин , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: December 2021

В обзоре представлен анализ геновариантов вируса SARS-CoV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) и интерес (VOI) на основе их геномов в базе GISAID за неделю с 04.12.2021 г. по 10.12.2021 г.
Data Driven Approach to Production / Injection Optimization in Oil & Gas field in Abu Dhabi
Authors: Badmaev Dorzhi , Saputelli Luigi , Mata Carlos
Published: December 2021

Production and Injection rate target optimization plays an important role in waterflooded field management in order to ensure hydrocarbon recovery. In line with ADNOC Digital transformation and waterflood excellence initiatives CRM and Optimization technology has been progressed to maximize opportunities in oil recovery increase. The optimization means that producing well delivers a maximum amount of oil with minimal water production along with maintaining proper Voidage Replacement Ratio (VRR) to support reservoir pressure. To reach such goal, the optimization procedure needs to run multiple rate scenarios to calculate the objective function value. The conventional way is to perform multiple runs on simulation model, which can be very time-consuming. The data driven approach described in this paper suggests faster and convenient methodology to solve this problem.

The process applied to this approach consists of data preparation/ data cleansing stage, CRM (Capacitance Resistance Model) and optimization procedure based on the objective function with a penalty to imbalanced VRR at the pattern level. The CRM algorithm can calculate fraction of injection distributed from each injecting well to connected producing wells at any timestep. These calculated injection allocation factors are considered in the rate optimization procedure in order to define optimal injection and production rates along with balancing of VRR at the pattern level. The method also considers 3-phase flow across wells and reservoir intervals. The objective function calculates overall profit from oil production, costs for water and gas handling, and the penalty for the production injection difference at the producing well level. At the end, the output of this optimization process is to recommend production and injection rates targets for each well and short term forecast of the production based on fractional flow model.

The data driven approach shows quite good efficiency in terms of time and efforts, the injection allocation factors based on CRM model are comparatively same as it is calculated in streamline simulation model but with better granularity at the pattern level. The optimization procedure works quite fast, and the results have shown decrease of water production rate and increase of recovery factor due to maintaining VRR close to the target level.

The data driven approach described in the paper implements a new way to apply CRM in fields with waterflooding and gas injection with the enhancement of managing 3-phase flow. The in-house developed optimization function and its implementation is a novel approach in terms of practical application to the fields in Abu Dhabi area.
Artificial Lift Rigless Opportunity to Re-Activate the Inactive Wells Inventory an a Middle East Mega-Field After a Successful Pilot of a Best Practices and New Technology With Jet Pump
Authors: Guzman Rodrigo A. , Al Junaibi Tariq Abdulla , Abdulsallam Fouad , Hewala Mohamed Elmaghraby , Aguilar Hector , Utama Indra , Alnaqbi Maryam Mohammed , Abbasi Haris Shakeel
Published: December 2021

A Gulf oil operation company has been working to evaluate a rigless method of Artificial Lift System (ALS) suitable for its current assets and any future needs on ALS to minimize the impact of deferred production, and having the flexibility to bringing back the inactive string to production and act as a sustained production lift method.

This paper describes a comprehensive study of the main objectives for a rigless Artificial Lift trial. The Rigless Jet Pump system was selected as one of the ALS fast implementation methods to activate the inactive wells. The trial was conducted in two inactive wells; across two different mega-fields, enabling both wells to produce stably and continuously with an average production rate of 650 BOPD. A thorough assessment was performed and the Rigless Jet Pump System was declared as a successful pilot providing confidence to scale up across all the company fields. The scale-up plans it will include 10 systems that can be rotated and applied where needed across all company fields.

The trial implementation of the Rigless Jet Pump was evaluated based on supply and the connectivity in the field. This includes equipment mobilization (from the call-out time), availability of the field resources, the installation job, and up to the Surface Equipment connectivity plan. The evaluation also closely monitored the subsequence rig-up procedure and rigless deployment of the downhole equipment which was designed for installation straddled across an existing gas lift side pocket mandrel. Once surface and subsurface installation was completed, the wells were put on production to reactivate the inactive strings. Both wells were tested to confirm the achievement of a minimum of 80% of the designed production rates.

The performance of the rigless activation of inactive wells using a jet pump has been proven successful. Both wells showed promising results while jet pump operation confirming a profitable alternative to accelerate production across fields toward achieving production mandates. The performance of the system delivered the Efficiency and Safety (HSE & Integrity) expected as part of the project KPI's.

This novel practice for the Jet Pump System is linked to the rigless deployment and retrieval mechanism with topside equipment skid mounted for easy movement to other wells. This gives to the oil field operators an alternative and competitive edge over other modes of lift that required a workover program. The rigless method can be adapted to the existing in-active wells with SPM (side Pocket Mandrels) or without; by a tubing punch after a comprehensive integrity evaluation.
Minimum Structure for Well Appraisal in Marginal Fields at 35m Water Depth without Jacket & Mudline Suspension System
Authors: Chatterjee Prabir Kumar
Published: December 2021

This paper proposes a minimum structure for drilling two appraisal wells. Conductors will be driven into seabed by a crane vessel or drilling-rig crane through a pre-installed lightweight guide-frame placed on seabed. After driving the conductors to required depth, the frame is raised and joined to the conductors at appropriate elevation by bolted and grouted connections. Six tie members connected between the frame and seabed by specially-designed small mat foundations will ensure stability of the structure against environmental loads. A small deck will be installed on the top of conductors to provide space for essential equipment required for prolonged well testing after departure of drilling rig. The platform will be accessed by small boats through a boat landing and ladder. In case of positive drilling outcome, a riser and flexible pipeline will be added to connect with the nearest subsea tie-in point. A detailed structural design of the minimum facility is performed to withstand omnidirectional environmental loads due to 10.0m high wave along with associated wind and current loads. Susceptibility of the structure against dynamic effect of wave loads is also investigated. Demonstration of structural adequacy against wave-induced fatigue loads and reserve strength against extreme environmental loads show the robustness of the minimum structure to perform against design environmental loads.