bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of School Teachers Regarding Dental Trauma and its Emergency Management in Madinah, Saudi Arabia: A Questionnaire-Based Online Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Alharbi Ziyad F. , Habibullah Mohammed Ali
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are a common occurrence in the general population, and they are one of the most severe dental public health issues among children.

Aim:

This cross-sectional study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of school teachers in Madinah, Saudi Arabia, regarding dental trauma and its emergency management.

Material and Methods:

This cross-sectional study included teachers of elementary and middle schools both male and female in Madinah. Each teacher received a study questionnaire and was briefed about the procedure of filling it. The questionnaire contained 17 questions which are related to the knowledge, attitude, and practices relating to TDIs.

Results:

A total of 294 teachers participated in the present study, which includes 163 males (55.4%) and 131 females (44.6%). When we asked the respondents if an avulsed tooth may be replanted, 49.7% answered in the positive and men show more awareness compared to women. When questioned regarding the storage media, 31.3% of participants said they will store the tooth in a cloth or tissue which was the wrong answer and 60.9% of males and 39.1% of females were unaware of appropriate storage media. A percentage of 68.4 of the teachers were not willing to replant a knocked-out tooth (tooth avulsion), 59.7% of these were males, and 40.3% were females. A percentage of 59.2 of participants consider that the dental trauma is an emergency situation, while 25.9% did not consider it as an emergency situation and 15% were not aware of the same.

Conclusion:

The majority of the participants were not aware of dental trauma and its emergency management. Children indulge in contact sports and play at schools posing the risk for a significant amount of dental trauma. Affirmative action from teachers is critical for successful treatment outcomes.
Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Unilateral Amblyopia and Comparison between Anisometropic and Strabismic Amblyopia: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Arora Priyanka , Goyal Ashima , Mahapatra Madhushmita , Arora Kamaldeep , Verma Ritesh
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aims and Objectives:

To determine the choroidal thickness (mainly subfoveal) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in amblyopic eyes and to compare it with the choroidal thickness (CT) of healthy fellow eyes.

Materials and Methods:

In this prospective study, 140 eyes of 70 patients (aged 5–40 years) with strabismic and anisometropic amblyopia were examined using enhanced depth imaging (EDI) mode in SD-OCT. The CT was measured directly below the fovea and six other locations: 500 μ, 1000 μ, and 1500 μ from fovea in both nasal and temporal quadrants.

Results:

The mean age of the patients was 22.5 ± 11.2 years. The mean Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) in the amblyopic eyes was 0.87 ± 0.47 logMAR and 0 ± 0.02 logMAR in control eyes. The average subfoveal CT was 341.73 ± 60.39 μm in the amblyopic eyes and 314.77 ± 48.12 μm in the fellow eyes. Subgroup analysis showed that the patients with anisometropic amblyopia had a significantly thicker choroid as compared to the fellow healthy eyes (P = 0.00), whereas in strabismic amblyopic eyes, this difference was not significantly significant (P = 0.064).

Conclusion:

Significant choroidal thickening was observed in subjects with amblyopia, which may contribute to the amblyopia pathogenesis and this could be used as a diagnostic parameter for amblyopia. These changes were more pronounced in patients with anisometropic amblyopia than strabismic amblyopia.
In vitro Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Flowable Hyaluronic Acid–Acellular Stromal Vascular Fraction (HA–aSVF) Mixture for Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Mohan Sunil Paramel , Palaniappan Arunkumar , Nawaz M. Khaja Khalid , Kripamol R. , Seenuvasan R. , Kumar P. R. Anil
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is an aqueous fraction isolated from the adipose tissue that constitutes different kinds of cells and extracellular matrix components. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a linear polysaccharide in vertebrate tissues and is considered a potential tissue engineering scaffold due to its biocompatible nature. In this study, we have evaluated the cytotoxicity of xenofree HA in combination with an acellular component of adipose SVF (HA–aSVF) to propose it as a candidate biomaterial for future applications.

Materials and Methods:

3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay of L-929 cells treated with HA–aSVF was used in our study. Data were normalized to cell control (untreated) and extracts of copper and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene were used as positive (PC) and negative controls (NC).

Results:

Fibroblast cells retained the morphology after 24 h of treatment with HA–aSVF mixture and exhibited a similar percentage of cell activity compared to NC. PC showed a positive cytotoxic response as expected. The cells incubated with HA–aSVF showed a linear increase in cell activity indicating proliferation.

Conclusion:

The mixture of HA and acellular SVF in its flowable form is non-cytotoxic and showed improved cell proliferation. Hence the mixture can be proposed as a biomaterial and can be further explored for specific tissue engineering applications.
Evaluation of the Outcome of Osteoarthritis among Patients Undergoing Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Singal Shekhar , Gupta Sunny , Garg Rajnish , Kumar Pankaj
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

To assess the outcome of osteoarthritis among patients undergoing total knee replacement (TKR).

Materials and Methods:

One hundred and four subjects with one hundred and fifty-two cemented total knee arthroplasties have been analyzed in the current research. Functional assessment was carried out using the preoperative and postoperative Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) score and its five subscales: pain, other symptoms, function in activity of daily living (ADL), function in sport and recreation (Sport/Rec), and knee-related quality of life (QOL).

Results:

A significant improvement in the KOOS symptom score was seen with score grade changing to excellent from poor. The average postoperative KOOS symptom score occurred to be 89.9198, whereas the mean preoperative KOOS score was 30.7960 with a mean difference of 59.02385. The mean postoperative KOOS pain score was 94.6304 and the mean preoperative KOOS score was 18.4831 with a mean difference of 76.14731. A significant improvement in the KOOS pain score was seen with score grade changing to excellent from poor. Sixty patients of 104 (57.7%) had an excellent satisfaction level with a postoperative range of motion, twenty-eight patients (26.9%) had a good, eleven patients (10.6%) had a fair, and five patients (4.8%) had a poor satisfaction level with a postoperative range of motion.

Conclusion:

Surgery for a TKR is successful in reducing individuals’ pain and restoring their functional ability. Preoperative expectations and KOOS subscale scores are factors in patients’ satisfaction, which is determined a year following surgery.
Evaluation of Bone Graft (Hydroxyapatite + Platelet-Rich Plasma) Alone and in Combination with Diode Laser in Management of Infrabony Defect
Authors: Satpathy Soumyadev , Gupta Jyothi , Tenglikar Pavan , Kanapathy Rosaish , Shah Dipanshu , Parihar Anuj Singh , Ramaiah Vardharajula Venkata
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The current study looked at how well bone graft (hydroxyapatite + platelet-rich plasma (PRP)) and a diode laser treated infrabony defects.

Materials and Method:

Twenty patients with bilateral infrabony deficiency were treated in a split-moth evaluation with bone graft (hydroxyapatite + PRP) alone (group I) (control) and bone graft combined with a diode laser (group II) (test). Clinical and radiologic measures such as the relative clinical attachment level (RCAL), probing depth (PD), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were recorded at baseline, 3 months later, and 6 months later in all patients.

Result:

At the 6-month follow-up, there was a decline in the plaque index, probing depth, gingival index, and relative clinical attachment level.

Conclusion:

When compared across groups, the intrabony pocket was significantly reduced with either the bone graft (hydroxyapatite + PRP) or in conjunction with the laser.
Correlation of the Stature with Arch and Chord Dimensions in Young Subjects using Carrea’s Index- An Anthropometric Study
Authors: Anand Kumar , Kedia Neal B. , Kumari Neha , Kumar Vishal , Rani Khushboo , Soni Prerna
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Forensic identifications have utilized the height or stature of an individual in their field. Teeth and dentition can act as reliable tools to estimate the stature in cases where the only skull is presented as evidence. The Carrea’s index assesses the stature in a subject from the lower anterior teeth dimensions.

Aim:

The present study was aimed to judge the reliability of Carrea’s index in Indian subjects.

Materials and Methods:

From 80 subjects who were undergraduate students, plaster models were made and each was assessed individually making 160 hemiarches. These hemiarches were divided based on the teeth alignment into normal, diastema, and crowded forms. This was followed by measurement with a vernier caliper into chord and arch.

Results:

In both genders, the difference seen was statistically significant between dental arch types concerning various alignments with 95.23% and 83.75% success for males and females in normal dentition and 92.30% and 85.71% in crowded dentition. Also, a significant difference was seen for the type of arch with P ≤ 0.001 and 0.003, respectively. Lesser success was seen for spacing in both the genders and arches.

Conclusion:

The present study concludes that Carrea’s index is a dependable and efficient tool for estimating height in subjects having arches with crowded and normal dentition which is functional for both the gender on the left and right side of the dental arches. However, in hemiarches with diastema, this method is not reliable.
Revealing the Effect of Impacted Canines on the Adjacent Teeth. A Three Dimensional Study Using CBCT
Authors: Alshawy Ebrahim S. , Kolarkodi Shaul H.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The current cross-sectional study aimed to assess the relationship between impacted maxillary canines and their effect on root resorption of neighboring teeth using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:

The study evaluated the effect of 24 impacted maxillary canines on the adjacent tooth roots. We used a CBCT to evaluate the position and size of the dental follicle of impacted maxillary canines and the severity of root resorption on adjacent teeth. We used a t-test to compare the significant differences between the width of the dental follicle and the severity of root resorption. The inter- and intra-rater agreements were assessed.

Results:

A number of 12 impacted canines had resorbed the roots of adjacent teeth. Lateral incisors were most affected (83.3%), followed by central incisors (16.7%). Mild root resorption was found in 10 cases, while severe resorption was found in two cases. We found no relation between the size of the dental follicle and the degree of root resorption. The inter- and intra-rater agreements were high.

Conclusion:

In cases with maxillary impacted canines, special consideration should be directed to the roots of the maxillary lateral incisors. Our findings could not confirm any relationship between the size of the dental follicle width of the maxillary impacted canines and the degree of root resorption of the adjacent incisors. More studies are needed to assess the proximity and path of eruption of impacted maxillary canines and their effect on the neighboring teeth.
A Prospective Comparison of Octyl-2-Cyanoacrylate and Suture in Facial Wounds
Authors: Saxena Anurag , Dubey Manish , Saha Gaurav K. , Tiwari Devesh , Tyagi Shaily , Singh Roseneel A.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of octyl-2-cyanoacrylate as well as sutures as a wound closure material. Whether octyl-2-cyanoacrylate can be used as an alternative to suture in the closure of facial wounds. Out of total of 19 wounds, 11 wounds were closed with sutures and tissue adhesive both, out of rest 8 wounds, 4 wounds were closed using sutures alone and in 4 wounds, closure was done with tissue adhesive alone. Therefore, a total of 15 facial wounds were divided into two groups: Group-I Cases in whom 3-0 Black silk suture was used for closure of the wound and Group-II Cases in whom Dermabond (Octyl-2-Cyanoacrylate) was used for closure of the wound. Results showed that Octyl-2-cyanoacrylate offered the benefit of decreased procedure time with less pain, no need for its removal, and better cosmetic outcome compared to sutures.
Healing of Peri-Implant Tissue following Flapless Implant Surgery
Authors: Bagde Hiroj , Pawar Sangeeta K. , Hotchandani Kamal , Malik Nida , Awasthi Vijaya , Patil Mohit V.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Flapless surgery for implant placement has been gaining popularity among implant surgeons. it has numerous advantages, including preservation of circulation, decreased surgical time; improved patient comfort; and accelerated recuperation.

Materials and Methods:

As a part of the study to evaluate crestal bone loss changes after placement of implant using the flapless technique, we placed twenty endosseous implants. Access was achieved to the crestal bone using a tissue punch. Clinical and radiographic analyses were performed second and fourth months after placement of the implant. Postoperative pain was measured by the visual analog scale at the 4th, 8th, and 24th hour.

Results:

The findings of the present study demonstrate that the average crestal bone loss around the implant at 4 months using the flapless technique was 0.19 mm. No implants failed to osseointegrate, and no implants exhibited bone loss greater than 0.5 mm in the first four months. This present study shows significantly less postoperative pain in the flapless technique of implant placement.

Conclusion:

The flapless approach is a predictable procedure when patient selection and surgical technique are appropriate.
Evaluation of Different Decalcification Agents on Extracted Tooth: A Comparative Study
Authors: Umbare Dhiraj Kumar K. , Patil Rahul , Sabnis Saurabh , Yadav Renu , Satdive Sushant B. , Kandalkar Sachin S.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The pulp is the most negatively impacted tissue during decalcification since it comprises the soft tissue components. The most effective decalcifying agent would be safest for cells and tissues while yet removing all traces of calcium. It has to get the job done quickly and have good staining properties.

Aim and Objective:

The goal of this research was to identify the most effective decalcifying agent for diagnostic purposes via a qualitative investigation of tissue preservation and a comparison of the efficiency of several decalcifying agents on human permanent teeth, covering both hard and soft tissue components.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty premolars from people aged 14 to 30 who needed them pulled for orthodontics were included in the research. Participants in the research were divided into five groups of ten. Group A, Group B, Group C, Group D, and Group E make up the total of five groups. In this investigation, we compared the efficiency of five decalcifying chemicals and analyzed their staining patterns and effects on tooth tissue. Fifty premolar teeth from participants aged 14–30 years old were removed for orthodontic therapy. For the research, they were split up into five groups of ten. Group A contains 5% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), Group B contains 10% formic acid, Group C contains 5% Trichoraticectic acid, Group D contains 5% nitric acid, and Group E contains 5% formalin-nitric acid.

Result:

Regardless of the specifics of the chosen decalcification solution, all procedures benefit from the inclusion of external stimuli. None of the variables were used in the current investigation; it was conducted only to compare various decalcifying chemicals.

Conclusion:

When time is not a concern, neutral EDTA may be recommended for preservation and presentation because of its ability to maintain soft-tissue integrity and provide high-quality staining. The formalin-nitric acid solution was one agent that appeared to strike a good compromise between speed and tissue preservation.
Comparison of Post-Operative Complications in Oral Cancer Treated with and without Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Sarma Mridul Kumar , Missong Ajit K. , Sharma Moitrayee , Debnath Asim , Mahanta Neelakshi , Choudhury Mrinmoy M.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The aim of the present study was to compare the treatment outcome in oral cancer cases treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and upfront surgery in localized advance disease.

Materials and Methods:

A randomized, prospective study was conducted in 20 cases. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A was taken up for upfront surgery and group B was taken up for surgery after two to three cycles of NACT based on patients’ response, performance, and compliance.

Results:

Neither group showed statistically significant differences in clinical characteristics. In the present study, satisfactory outcomes were seen in nine patients belonging to NACT group and eight patients of non-NACT group had satisfactory outcomes after surgery, which were found to be statistically significant (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

NACT may be considered as a treatment option for oral squamous cell carcinoma patients, particularly those with locally advanced tumors. Further prospective studies are needed to validate these findings in patients.
A Comparative Study of Pain in Patients Planned for Tooth Extraction and Dental Implant Insertion
Authors: Kumar Bineet , Kumar Rahul , Barui Asish K. , Kalpana Kumari , Suman Shashi S. , Shrivastava Namita
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

A variation in dental pain following tooth extraction and implant placement has been observed. The present study aimed to compare pain in patients undergoing tooth extraction and implant placement.

Materials and Methods:

Eighty-four patients underwent tooth extraction and implant placement in maxillary central incisor. Pain (VAS) was recorded at 24 h, 24 h, and 48 h.

Results:

The mean pain value (VAS) at 24 h post-operatively after tooth extraction was 6.1 and after implant insertion was 2.9. At 48 h after tooth extraction was 4.3 and after implant insertion was 1.1 and after 72 h after tooth extraction was 2.4 and after implant insertion was 0.27. A significant difference was observed between both procedures at different intervals of time (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The pain experienced by patients during dental implant insertion was comparatively less as compared to dental tooth extraction.
Stress, Depression, and Anxiety of Female Adolescents of Higher Senior Secondary School: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study of Humanities, Commerce, and Science Streams
Authors: Devi Sanjana , Kaushal Subhash , Agnihotri Gaurav , Mittal Neeraj
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

A cross-sectional, representative sample from adolescent girls of higher senior secondary schools was collected for the study. We analyzed the data from 600 Punjabi Indian female adolescents (200 from humanities, 200 from commerce, and 200 from science stream) aged 15–17 years who were randomly selected from government and private schools. The symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed by the DAS questionnaire. Overall prevalence was 50.8%, 58.7%, and 68% for depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. A significant difference was reported for depression (.000), anxiety (.000), and stress (.002) between adolescents of three streams. The results of the study point out that there is a necessity for some interventions to educate adolescent girls about the negative effects of stress, depression, and anxiety on their body.
Evaluation of Peri-Implant Parameters and C-Reactive Protein Levels among Patients with Different Obesity Levels
Authors: Mehta Raghav , Sharma Peeyush , Joshi Ila , Sharma Arjun K. , Srivastava Smriti , Gupta Kanishk
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Assessment of correlation between peri-implant parameters and C-reactive protein levels among patients with different obesity levels.

Materials and Methods:

Evaluation of 60 subjects was performed who were scheduled to undergo dental implant therapy for missing mandibular first molars. Three study cohorts were formed, namely, Group A: obese group (BMI between 30 Kg/m2 and 34.9 Kg/m2), Group B: high obese group (BMI over 34.9 Kg/m2), and Group C: non-obese group (BMI under 25 Kg/m2). Each cohort comprised 20 subjects. Dental implant therapy was carried out in all the patients. Peri-implant variables were evaluated in all the patients. Blood samples were obtained, and C-reactive protein levels in subjects having different obesity levels. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.

Results:

Mean serum C-reactive protein levels among patients of groups A, B, and C occurred to be 3.28 mg/L, 3.65 g/L, and 3.61 g/L, respectively. On comparing numerically, noticeable outcomes were achieved. Mean probing depth among subjects of groups A, B, and C occurred to be 2.9 mm, 3.2 mm, and 1.3 mm, respectively. Mean marginal bone loss among subjects of groups A, B, and C occurred to be 2.1 mm, 2.7 mm, and 0.8 mm, respectively. On comparing numerically, noteworthy outcomes were gathered.

Conclusion:

There were significantly higher deranged peri-implant inflammatory variables among patients with higher levels of obesity.
Assessment of Periodontal Health Status among the Male Adult Population with a Dual Habit of Smoking and Gutkha Chewing: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Amaranath BJ Janardhana , Gupta Shruti , Kumar Shravan , Das Neelam , Gupta Ira , Pratik Shashwat
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aims and Objective:

The aim of this study was to assess the periodontal health status in subjects having dual habits of smoking and gutkha chewing among the male population of Kanpur City, Central Uttar Pradesh (UP).

Materials and Methods:

A total number of 500 male subjects were included, divided into three study groups: group I—164 subjects with a dual habit of smoking and gutkha chewing, group II— 170 gutkha chewers, and group III—166 smokers. Case history, clinical examination, and the following clinical parameters were recorded—oral hygiene index (OHI-S), gingival index (GI), bleeding index, clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival recession, and furcation involvement.

Result:

In this study, the proportion of severe CAL was maximum in dual habit (78%) followed by smokers (70.5%) and then gutkha chewers (40.0%). A significant difference was observed in the proportion of CAL status between smokers, gutkha, and dual habit cases (P< 0.001). The result revealed that the dual habit group had more severe periodontal disease than smokers and gutkha chewers.

Conclusion:

Overall, it was concluded that periodontal health status was found to be very poor in both smokers and gutkha chewers, but the subjects in the dual habit group were found to have extremely poor periodontal health status.
Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets to Temporary Crowns: In vitro Effects of Surface Treatment
Authors: Kedia Neal B. , Bangar Bhushan , Rao Srerama Janardhana , Swarup Siddharth , Singh Deepak , Chikhalia Drashti K.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

To evaluate bond strength of orthodontic brackets to temporary crowns.

Materials and Methods:

A bis-acrylic composite was used to create a total of 25 discs, which were then divided into five groups based on how their surfaces were treated with black, blue, green, and sandblasted diamond burs, in addition to a control group. Software called SPSS was used to analyze the outcome.

Results:

The average pressures measured for the green bur, black bur, and sandblasting, respectively, were 12.05 MPa, 12.87 MPa, and 19.25 MPa. Comparing the control and blue groups, a substantial variation in shear bond strength was only noticed with reference to sandblasting.

Conclusion:

The binding strength of orthodontic brackets is increased by sandblasting temporary crowns.
Patient Satisfaction and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life before and after Endodontic Treatment: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Jaiswal Aditi , Zaveri Mahek , Unjia Alay , Shah Swasti , Langaliya Akshayraj Kantilal , Kumar Santosh
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Patient satisfaction depends on various factors despite a reasonable success rate of endodontic treatment. We study various factors affecting the quality of life and patient satisfaction post-endodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods:

After the successful endodontic treatment of 250 patients, a questionnaire with means of an interview by the examiner was carried out and recorded.

Results:

The majority of the patients were satisfied. Mean oral health quality was more satisfactory post one-month study. Oral health quality among anterior and posterior was not significant. Oral health quality among the upper and lower jaw was not significant. Oral health quality among males and females was not significant.

Conclusion:

A concrete relationship exists between the diseased state and its treatment on quality of life.
A Study to Assess Etiology and Prevalence of Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorder
Authors: Paul Sunanda , Priya S. , Surani Khushboo Ankit , Padmawar Neeta Surendra , Kumar Amit , Dixit Arti , Badiyani Bhumika Kamal
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The purpose of this epidemiological research was to determine how common temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms are.

Materials and Methods:

Among the outpatient population, a sample of 100 people was chosen at random. A patient survey was presented to each person, and points were allotted based on their responses. Participants were categorized as having no symptoms of TMD, mild TMD, moderate TMD, or severe TMD based on their total score.

Results:

One hundred adults aged 18 and above were selected from the general public to take part in the research. Temporomandibular disorder was present in no more than 30% of those studied, in the mild range in 50%, in the moderate range in 15%, and in the severe range in 5%. 0.602 was determined to be the dependability of Fonseca’s questionnaire.

Conclusion:

The Fonseca questionnaire is a useful instrument for gauging the extent to which TMD symptoms are present in a given population. The screening questionnaire may be received in a short amount of time and for little money, making it a good option for public health services.
Comparison of Intubating Conditions at 60 Seconds with Cisatracurium 4*ED95 Dose and Cisatracurium 2*ED95 Dose Plus Priming Dose and Low Dose Ketamine
Authors: Daga Rahul G. , Bali Irbinder Kour , Patil Pushparaj Nilkanth , Daga Rohit Ghanshyamdas , Daga Rashmi , Devika G. S.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

To compare the intubating conditions at 60 seconds between 4*ED95 dose of cisatracurium and 2*ED95 dose of cisatracurium in combination with priming and low dose ketamine

Primary Objective:

jaw relaxation for laryngoscopy, vocal cord position on laryngoscopy, and coughing or bucking response to intubation.

Secondary Objective:

To compare the hemodynamic changes up 10 minutes after intubation in the two groups. In this prospective study, a total of 68 patients were undergoing general anesthesia for surgery with placement of endotracheal tube placement. Patients will be divided into two groups comprising 34 patients each. The patients were allocated one of the two groups by computerized randomization. *Group A received bolus dose of cisatracurium which is 0.2 mg/kg (4*ED95). **Group B received cisatracurium in dose of 0.1 mg/kg (2*ED95) with priming (which is 10% of the bolus dose) and low dose ketamine of about 0.5 mg/kg. It was possible to achieve acceptable laryngoscopy and intubating condition in both the groups within 90 seconds. When grades of laryngoscopy and ease of intubation were compared, 2*ED95 dose along with priming plus low dose ketamine produced superior results than 4*ED95 group. When the mean arterial pressure and pulse rate were compared between the two groups, it was observed that mean arterial pressure and pulse rate were only slightly higher in the 2*ED95 along with priming and ketamine.
Detection of Coumarin Derivatives of Viola odorata Cultivated in Iraq
Authors: Ali Zainab Aziz , Saleh Ibrahim , Alani Widad MK
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Like other members of the viola family, Viola odorata may be found naturally occurring in Europe and Asia. This little plant is tough and perennially herbaceous. It’s also known as sweet violet and English violet. There are several medicinal uses for this flowering plant, including its ability to fight cancer, bacteria, and inflammation., antioxidant activity, and antipyretic activity. The phytochemical studies of different parts of Viola odorata resulted in the isolation of different chemical constituents such as Coumarins, caffeic acid, methyl salicylate, flavonoids (Quercetin, kaempferol), glycosides (Rutin), and terpenoids (stigma sterol). Coumarins are important natural phenolic compounds of the family of benzopyrone. Coumarin’s basic structure consists of a pyrone ring fused with a benzene ring. Umbelliferone and esculetin are the most common simple coumarins in nature. Coumarins become an attractive backbone drug with innovative impacts on illnesses and reduced side effects on healthy cells. Anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, and other biological properties are among those attributed to coumarins derivatives. In this study, Umbelliferone and esculetin of Viola odorata were identified by TLC, and HPTLC.
Clinico-Radiographic Research Evaluating Crestal Bone Level and Bone Density Surrounding Dental Implants
Authors: Shinde Sagar K. , Vadvadgi Vinay H. , Bhasin Navreet , Laddha Rashmi , Bedia Aarti S. , Patil Pranav
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

Planning the surgical operation, choosing the type of implant, and the effectiveness of the implant all heavily rely on the quantity and quality of the accessible bone. This study’s goal was to determine how promptly inserted dental implants affected postoperative changes in bone density and crestal bone level by Cone bean computed tomography (CBCT) gray-scale value during a follow-up of three to six months.

Method:

A prospective clinical-radiographic investigation was conducted. Twenty participants with a partly edentulous arch who were also systemically healthy were chosen from the OPD of the Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology. Each patient’s oral hygiene status was noted, and a preoperative CBCT was performed to assess bone density. The following clinical parameters were noted before surgical procedures: plaque index (PI) (Silness and Loe, 1964), gingival index (GI) (Loe and Sillness, 1964), probing pocket depth (PPD), and primary stability.

Result:

A weak connection between Hounsfield unit (HU) in three months and six months was found. Moreover, a slender positive connection between baseline primary stability and three months was found. PI was shown to have a statistically significant difference between the means at several follow-ups (P value of 0.0001). PI and probing depth were not statistically different between baseline and six months (P values = 0.0001) or between three months and six months (P values = 0.050), respectively.

Conclusion:

The main outcome of this study shows that insertion torque is directly proportional to bone density and crestal bone level.
To Assess the Serum and Salivary Biomarkers in People with and Without Diabetes
Authors: Sidhu Gagandeep K. , Sidhu Sandeep , Singh Harkanwal P. , Gandhi Piyush , Sidhu Jaskirat , Kathuria Navneet S.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

The study was conducted to assess the serum and salivary biomarkers in people with and without diabetes. Among the 100 participants in this cross-sectional comparative study, 59 men and 61 women aged 32 to 59 years old were randomly assigned to category I (consisting of 50 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients of both types 1 and 2) or category II (consisting of 50 healthy volunteers) to serve as comparisons. Since there is no difference in the amounts of salivary biomarkers across the various types of diabetes, they are all grouped together. Several biochemical indicators were measured by measuring the amounts in the participants’ saliva and serum samples. There was little to no difference between the two categories when comparing saliva and serum levels. Although there was a strong correlation between serum and salivary glucose, amylase, total proteins, albumin, and globulin levels in DM patients, there was also a strong correlation between diabetics and non-diabetics for these same markers.
Assessment of Pain Management After Orthognathic Surgery by the Administration of Montelukast: An Original Research
Authors: Kumar G. Jeevan , Mansuri Samir , Nizar Sarin A. , Rehman Sameera Qureshi Mohd , Kumar Abhishekh , Baig Fawaz Abdul Hamid
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Opioid may cause undue risk after surgical procedures like orthognathic surgeries. The present study was aimed to determine how the preoperative administration of oral montelukast affected the degree of postoperative discomfort following bimaxillary orthognathic surgery (BOS).

Methodology:

This study included all skeletal class III subjects scheduled for BOS. The participants were split into placebo and montelukast groups at random. Every patient received a 10-mL serving of apple juice an hour prior to the surgery; however, for the intervention group, a montelukast 10 mg pill was dissolved in the juice. The same surgical team and general anesthetic guidelines were used for all procedures. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used to calculate postoperative pain at designated intervals. The significance level for the statistical analysis was determined using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.

Results:

The control subjects had a higher level of pain at all the intervals than the intended drug test group. Also, the control group needed more analgesics than the test group. There was one observation made that the length of the surgery had an impact on the postoperative pain.

Conclusion:

Preoperative montelukast medication may be useful in minimizing postoperative discomfort following bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. More research is required for greater relevance.
Evaluation of the Head and Neck Surgery During the Pandemic COVID-19: A Tertiary Care Center Study
Authors: Janapareddi Sreedevi , Mansuri Samir , Khot Sunil N. , Jamwal Surinder S. , Kanta Manoj K. , Sarma Sankar Narayana
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

There is a notable shift in the attitude of the admission, review, diagnostics, and follow-up of patients for all the medical sectors and of particular interest of cancer patients. The present study aimed to elaborate on the identification of patients with head and neck cancers (HNCs); the diagnostics, the triage, and the best treatment plan were all evaluated and at the same time compared with the years before the pandemic at a tertiary care center that caters to various other patients also.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective observational clinical study was conducted at the tertiary care center that catered to all the medical specialties. The demographics, the patient characteristics, the surgeries performed, complications, mortality, and readmissions were evaluated and compared with the pre-coronavirus disease (COVID) time.

Results:

There was a significant difference in the complications for the pre-COVID time when the groups were compared for the matched pair.

Conclusion:

The proper screening and triaging of the patients will help in the early intervention of the patients with the HNCs.
Assessment of the Apical Transportation and Quantity of Root Canal Dentin Removed Using Different New Rotary File Systems: An Original Study
Authors: Singh Harmeet , Shukla Anuj K. , Jadhav Apurva A. , Shetty Anshuman , Shetty Chitharanjan , Dutta Smita D. , Mustafa Mohammed
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The rotary systems have found a common application in the clinical practice for the endodontic therapies. Hence, we compared three recent endodontic systems for the comparison of the dentine removal and the apical transportation particularly in the curved canals.

Methods:

Oneshape, Pro Taper Next, and Edgefile X3 were the three systems that were compared. Thirty maxillary mesio buccal canals of the human permanent teeth were compared due to its curved nature. The volume of dentin removed and apical transportation (mm) were measured using micro-computed tomographic imaging (mm). Both the coronal section and the entire canal length had their dentin removed in accordance with measurements. Total dentine removed, coronal dentine removed, and the canal transportations were compared for the three rotary file systems. The values were compared with appropriate statistical tests for evaluating the significance.

Results:

There was no statistically significant difference between the three file systems for the dentin removed. The mean canal transportation was 0.33 ± 0.12, 0.21 ± 0.25, and 0.23 ± 0.21 mm, respectively, for Oneshape, Pro Taper Next, and Typhoon CM. In terms of statistics, there were no appreciable variations among the three rotary tools for apical transfer.

Conclusions:

The three rotary systems were comparable for the apical transportation and the dentine removal. Despite variations in the magnitude of apical enlargements, none of the instrumentation methods detected apical transportation.
Changes in Soft Tissue Variable of Lips Following Retraction of Anterioir Teeth- A Cephalometric Study
Authors: Krishna Veni Sampath , Elsayed Mennattallah , Singh Isha S. , Nayan Kamal , Varma Praveen K. , Naik Moode Kaladhar
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The purpose of this study was to assess the short-term perioral soft tissue variations of the lips before and after treatment cases in 15 patients with bi-maxillary protrusion using treated lateral cephalograms who had already achieved active growth.

Methodology:

Fifteen pre-treatment and post-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of 18–25-year-old individuals with bimaxillary protrusion treated with all four 1st premolar extractions were accessed from the records. From the reference planes and landmarks, 13 horizontal, 10 vertical, and 2 angular measurements were noted. Statistical comparisons between pre-treatment and post-treatment measurements were measured by a paired t-test to assess the importance of the mean variations at the predetermined significance level. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (R) was utilized to assess the strength and significance of the linear relationship between the mean differences for paired (dependent and independent) variables.

Results:

Pearson’s correlation exhibited a noteworthy positive association between the horizontal changes in upper lip position and the horizontal changes of the upper incisor tip point (H-tU1) (R = 0.748), the upper incisor cervical point (H-cU1) (R = 0.707), the lower incisor tip point (H-tL1) (R = 0.839), and the lower incisor cervical point (H-cL1) (R = 0.767). This indicated that upper lip changes are the aftermath of the retraction of the upper and lower incisors in class I bi-maxillary protrusion malocclusion.

Conclusion:

Thick upper lips showed more retraction of the upper lip in correlation with retraction of the incisors as compared with thin lips. The lower incisor cervical point displayed the strongest association with lower lip retraction.
Assessment of Skeletal Age using Hand–Wrist Radiographs Following BJORK System Sample Size – Prospective Study
Authors: Bhuvaneshwari S. , Chakravarti Shayon , Manohar Balaji , Mohiuddin Sana , Nallamilli L. V. Soujanaya , Chaudhari Dipak
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The planning of effective orthodontic therapy greatly benefits from an understanding of the skeletal maturation and stage of growth of the patients seeking orthodontic treatment. However, the patient’s various craniofacial structures have varying levels of growth potential. The patient is exposed to additional radiation when hand-wrist radiographs are regularly used to forecast growth. As an alternative, cervical vertebrae in the lateral cephalograph have been suggested. When arranging orthodontic treatment for growing children, it is important to take into account the pubertal growth spurt, which is a crucial time in therapy.

Conclusion:

Finding out how much growth a patient with skeletal discrepancy would experience during adolescence is one of the key goals of conducting a hand and wrist radiograph.
Evaluation of Moral Reasoning Skills among Dental Students in the Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Subaihi Suad A. , Al-Jifree Hatim M. , Abuznadah Wesam T. , Agou Shoroog H.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

One of the main roles of healthcare educators is to prepare students to make the right ethical decisions. This study evaluated the moral reasoning levels of dental students according to Kohlberg’s six-stage moral development system.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in three dental schools in the Makkah region. Senior-year students completed the self-administered Socio-moral Reflection Objective Measure (SROM), which consists of hypothetical moral dilemmas and options that mirror individual reasoning possibilities. SROM results were matched to Kohlberg’s six-stage moral development system and associations with demographic variables and perceptions of educational context variables assessed.

Results:

One hundred and eighty-eight senior students (mean age 23 ± 1.1 years) completed the SROM. Only 34.6% (n = 44) students reached stage four (morality of law and duty to the social order), while most students (63.8%; n = 81) were at stage three (morality of mutual interpersonal expectations); 1.6% (n = 2) were at stage two (the instrumental relativist orientation). No subject achieved stage 5. Attainment of moral reasoning was not associated with demographic or perception of educational context variables.

Conclusion:

Students demonstrated a relatively low level of moral reasoning. Healthcare educators must review curricula to provide focused training for students to cultivate their moral reasoning skills. Further studies are also needed to confirm and explain this low moral reasoning level in dental students.
Evaluation of the Blunt Pancreatic Injury, a Long-Term Tertiary Care Center Study: An Original Research
Authors: Vengail Sukumaran , Ajmeera Rajunaik , Jha Rohit K. , Sethi Alok Kumar , Francis Mariea , Syed Afroz K.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Pancreatic trauma is uncommon and challenging to diagnose. Contrarily, severe injuries to the kidney, spleen, and liver are frequent and typically easy to detect with imaging methods. Pancreas injuries can cause a significant amount of morbidity and mortality. Reviewing the institution’s experience with this rather infrequent injury was the goal of this study.

Materials and Method:

The patients’ records were collected from the data records at the tertiary care center for patients who had pancreatic damage and were followed up for a year. The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma pancreatic damage grade scores were assigned to each patient using the radiologic and surgical findings. Clinical examination and CT results were predominantly used to make the diagnosis in patients who underwent non-operative treatment. The data are presented as descriptive statistics.

Results:

Only 2.2% of the total cases that presented to the trauma center were finalized as pancreatic injuries. Trauma to the abdomen was seen in nearly half the cases brought. Most of the subjects in pancreatic injuries were in grade 3. Mortality was noted maximum for the grade 3 and 4 cases.

Conclusions:

While high-grade pancreatic injury almost always requires an operational intervention, low-grade pancreatic injury with an intact main pancreatic duct may be effectively handled non-operatively. When possible, distal pancreatectomy with spleen preservation is the ideal procedure for distal pancreatic trans-action. A patient who is hemodynamically stable with complex pancreaticoduodenal damage, which is related to a high death rate, should undergo Whipple resection.
Role of Bisphosphonates in Periodontal Diseases: Systematic Review
Authors: Alwithanani N.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The chief aim in managing periodontal diseases is the elimination of causative factors that may vary from pathogens to physical parameters. In the current systematic review, the effectiveness of “Bisphosphonate Therapy” as a supplement to “Scaling and Root Planing (SRP)” in the management of periodontitis is calibrated from the previous studies.

Materials and Methods:

An extensive online search in the various databanks of EMBASE, Medline, Pubmed, and Scopus was conducted. The keywords searched were “Probing depth (PD)” which was the main endpoint, and variations in “Clinical Attachment Level (CAL)” and/or “Bone Defect (BD) fill” were the secondary variants that were searched for in the current study. The data collected were tabulated and compared using the means and the standard deviations. Using the random effect method the mean variations and the confidence intervals (95%) of the parameters were assessed.

Results:

Eight studies were finalized. Alendronate was utilized as a supplement to SRP in seven studies, four of which employed topical administration and three of which used oral alendronate. A substantial grade of heterogeneity for Probing depth (P < 0.0001), Clinical Attachment Level (P = 0.007), and Bone Defect fill (P < 0.0001) was observed amongst groups when comparing the properties of adjunctive BT to SRP alone. In comparison to SRP alone, SRP with bisphosphonate treatment significantly reduced PD (P = 0.002), increased CAL (P = 0.008), and filled BD (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Although BT as an adjunct appears to be successful in treating periodontitis, its practical applicability is questionable due to the possibility of developing jaw osteonecrosis and the short-range follow-up of the research.