bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penanaman Nilai Pendidikan pada Anak dalam Perspektif Kemendiknas
Authors: RIZKI NURFAUZI  , Heti Triwahyuni
Published: July 2023

Di zaman sekarang teknologi berkembang dengan sangat pesat, banyak sekali manfaatnya, utamanya bagi para pelajar.. Namun, tidak jarang perkembangan teknologi ini mendatangkan nilai negative, seperti munculnya berbagai perilaku menyimpang, seperti halnya tawuran antar pelajar, malas belajar, dan lain sebagainya. Dari timbulnya kasus-kasus tersebut, yang pertama kali disorot oleh masyarakat adalah sekolah. Mereka menganggap, sekolah tidak mampu membuat manusia memiliki karakter-karakter yang baik. Karena adanya anggapan itulah memotivasi pemerintah untuk membuat terobosan baru. Salah satunya dengan terbitnya Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional tahun 2010, tentang nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang harus dimiliki oleh anak, utamanya para pelajar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi tentang nilai pendidikan karakter yang harus dimiliki anak, dalam perspektif kemendiknas. Kemendiknas mengidentifikasi nilai atau karakter bangsa yang perlu diwariskan kepada anak Indonesia yaitu : religious, jujur, toleransi, disiplin, kerja keras, kreatif, mandiri, demokratis, rasa ingin tahu, cinta tanah air, semangat kebangsaan, menghargai prestasi, komunikatif / bersahabat, gemar membaca/belajar, peduli lingkungan, peduli sosial, tanggung jawab, dan cinta damai.
Giving Diabetes Gymnastics Education to Elderly Mothers to Improve Health
Authors: Bimo Satrio
Published: July 2023

The elderly gymnastics service activity aims to provide education about diabetes prevention through the socialization of elderly gymnastics to Aisyiyah Kajen's mothers at the Muhammadiyah Kajen Da'wah Building which was carried out by us students of the Physical Education Study Program, totaling 6 people who had been provided from campus. Alhamdulillah, this socialization activity went smoothly. This socialization was carried out on Saturday, June 25, 2022 at 08.00, the place was in the hall of the Muhammadiyah Kajen Da'wah Building. At the time of the activity the student team of 6 people already had their respective duties including being a gymnastics instructor, there was a section that served as an operator, and there was also a photo documentation.In this activity, participants followed closely how the instructor gave diabetes gymnastics movements, starting from counting the pulse, doing breathing movements, and the core movements of diabetes gymnastics.
Pengenalan Senam Sehat Ceria Pada Kelompok Remaja
Authors: Ma'sum Khanan , Reza Muhamad , Saputra Mukhamad Maulana , Febrianto Muhamad , Panggraita Gilang Nuari
Published: July 2023

Artikel ilmiah hasil pengabdian pada masyarakat ini bermitra dengan SMK Muhammadiyah Kedungwuni yang berlokasi di dusun papagan kecamatan kedungwuni kabupaten pekalongan. Terdapat beberapa siswa SMK Muhammadiyah Kedungwuni,program yang dilakukan bersama dengan mitra adalah senam aerobik untuk meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini yaitu dilakukan atas kesepakatan bersama SMK Muhammdiyah Kedunguwni yang didasari oleh permintaan dari sekolah tersebut. Kegiatan pengenalan ini dilakukan sebanyak 1 kali pertemuan, pengenalan tersebut dilaksanakan pada hari,tanggal rabu,28 desember 2022 pada pukul 15.30 wib. Dilapangan SMK Muhammadiyah Kedungwuni. Metode pengenalan tersebut berupa praktek mengenai senam aerobik. Adapun hasil yang dicapai dalam kegiatan pengenalan tersebut yaitu;(1) siswa SMK Muhammadiyah Kedungwuni memiliki kebugaran jasmani yang lebih bugar.(2) mengetahui mengetahui tentang olahraga senam khusus nya senam aerobik.
Problematika Penguasaan Kompetensi Pedagogik Dalam pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Literasi
Authors: Haryadi Herjan
Published: July 2023

Abstrak: Penguasaan terhadap kompetensi pedagogik sangat berpengaruh terhadap kesiapan mengajar guru dalam pembelajaran matematika di Sekolah Dasar. Guru kebanyakan lupa bahwa masing masing anak pada tingkatan usianya memiliki tahapan-tahapan dalam proses berfikir dan memanaje pembelajarannya. Anak di usia sekolah dasar cenderung memiliki sifat selalu ingin bermain dalam dunia nya, memahami matematika melalui benda-benda konkrit dan mengubungkan konsep-konsep matematika melalui kehidupannya sehari-hari atau disebut dengan literasi. Literasi matematika merupakan proses pembelajaran matematika yang menghubungkan konsep matematika melalui masalah kehidupan sehari-hari, agar siswa mampu berpikir lebih kritis dan terampil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa bagaimana problematika penguasaan kompetensi pedagogik dalam pembelajaran matematika berbasis literasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi lapangan. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa di salah satu sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan observasi (pengamatan), wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis yang digunakan melalui reduksi data, display data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun hasil penelitian yang didapatkan adalah proses pembelajaran cendrung dilakukan melalui penghafalan atau belajar dengan symbol tanpa menghadirkan media yang sesuai dengan karakter anak, aktifitas atau model pembelajaran.. Kata kunci: Kompetensi Pedagogik, Pembelajaran Matematika, Literasi
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Berbasis Problem-Based Learning Berorientasi Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMK
Authors: Maharani Fadhilla , Arjudin Arjudin , Novitasari Dwi , Subarinah Sri
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan lembar kerja peserta didik (LKPD) berbasis problem based learning (PBL) berorientasi kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa SMK yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development) menggunakan model 4D (define, design, develop, and disseminate). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes dan angket. Teknik analisis data yaitu analisis kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan. Validitas produk dinilai oleh dua validator dengan analisis skala likert. Kepraktisan ditentukan dari hasil observasi melalui lembar keterlaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran dan efektivitas diperoleh dari uji coba terbatas untuk menilai N-Gain. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa LKPD yang dikembangkan: (1) Valid, dengan nilai rata-rata yang didapatkan sebesar 75%, (2) Praktis, persentase rata-rata keterlaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran sebesar 91,17%, dan (3) Efektif, nilai rata-rata tes kemampuan berpikir kritis sebelum implementasi model PBL didapatkan sebesar 17,31 dan setelah implementasi sebesar 75,75 kemudian dilakukan uji N-gain dan didapatkan peningkatan sebesar 0.71. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan lembar kerja peserta didik (LKPD) berbasis problem based learning (PBL) berorientasi kemampuan berpikir kritis valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis.
Corporate Social Responsibility dan Kinerja Perusahaan: Financial Slack sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Anita Anita , Jessica Jessica
Published: July 2023

Company performance has become one of the efforts for an entity to survive. During COVID-19 pandemic, the performance of every company in Indonesia experienced a decline in profits, allowing the company's performance to also decline. The purpose of this research is to describe the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial slack with company performance. With the disclosure of CSR can make a company's performance better and responded well by stakeholders. However, several previous studies reveal that the effect of CSR disclosure on company performance is still less convincing. Therefore, this study also analyzes the role of financial slack as an independent and moderating variable. This research uses quantitative type method. The data used is historical data from the last five years. The object of this research uses data from companies listed on the IDX for 5 years from the 2016-2020 period. Determination of the sample is based on purposive sampling which uses a sample selection method with certain criteria. The results show that CSR disclosure has a significant negative effect on company performance, financial slack as an independent variable has a significant positive effect on company performance and financial slack as a moderating variable weakens the relationship between company performance and CSR disclosure.
Pengaruh Pelaksanaan Model Problem Based Instruction (PBI) terhadap Antusias Belajar Siswa di SDI Lakiyung Kecamatan Somba Opu Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Kasim Eman Wahyudi , Muhajir Muhajir
Published: July 2023

AbstrakPengaruh Pelaksanaan Model Problem Based Instruction (PBI) terhadap Antusias Belajar Siswa di SDI Lakiyung Kecematan Somba Opu Kabupaten Gowa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh dari pelaksanaan model Problem Based Instrustion terhadap antusias belajar siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan Pelaksanaan model pembelajaran Problem Based Intruction (PBI) terhadap antusias belajar IPA siswa SD Inpres Lakiyung Kabupaten Gowa dapat meningkatkan antusias belajar siswa. Gambaran hasil pembelajaran IPA siswa kelas IV SD Inpres Lakiyung Kabupaten Gowa pada awal pelaksanaan model pembelajaran Problem Based Intruction (PBI) berada pada kategori sedang setelah pertemuan akhir pelaksanaan model pembelajaran Problem Based Intruction (PBI) hasil pembelajaran siswa berada pada kategori tinggi. Ada pengaruh pelaksanaan model pembelajaran Problem Based Intruction (PBI) terhadap antusias belajar IPA siswa SD Inpres Lakiyung Kabupaten Gowa.Kata kunci:Problem Based Instruction, Antusias Belajar
Pengaruh Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri berbasis Laboratorium Mini Terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi Siswa
Authors: Nazwa Sella , Natsir Nur Alim , Darwis Rahmiati
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the mini-laboratory-based inquiry learning model on students' higher-order thinking skills on acid-base and salt-grade VII material at MTs Al-Anshor Ambon. The data collection instruments used were tests and questionnaires. The population in this study was class VII MTs Al-Anshor Ambon in the academic year 2021/2022 which consisted of 2 classes with a total of 19 students. Data on students' higher-order thinking skills analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics showed an average value of 80.00 for the experimental class and 73.00 for the control class with a standard deviation of 7.07 and the average result of student activity in the learning process was 70.60. and 65.88. The results of hypothesis testing using t-test obtained tcount = 1.751 and at a significant level = 0.05 with dk = 17 obtained ttable = 1.740, thus tcount > ttable, then H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected. This means that there is a positive influence of the mini-laboratory-based inquiry learning model on students' higher thinking skills.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IX SMP Melalui Penerapan Metode Mind Mapping
Authors: Salampessy Rasi , Lessy Djaffar , Kalean Arman
Published: July 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk  mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar IPA setelah menerapkan metode Mind Mapping di SMP Negeri 21 Maluku Tengah. Jenis penelitian ini Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini berlangsung dari tanggal 17 Februari sampai tanggal 17 Maret 2022 di kelas IX. Jumah keseluruhan 59 siswa dibagi menjadi tiga kelas. Peneliti melakukan penelitian pada 1 kelas yang berjumalah 16 siswa. Untuk menganalisis hasil belajar siswa dengan pemberian Pre Test pada pra siklus dan Pos Test pada siklus I dan siklus II. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar IPA setelah menggunkan metode Mind Mapping pada materi Listrik Statis di SMP Negeri 21 Maluku Tengah. Hal ni dapat ditunjukan pada hasil belajar siswa yang diperoleh dari siklus I dan siklus II yang menunjukan pada siklus 1, 11 siswa (68,75%) mendapat nilai tinggi, 3 sisiwa (18,75%) yang mendapat nilai tinggi, 2 siswa (12,5%) mendapat nilai sedang dan tidak ada siswa yang mendapat niai rendah dan sangat rendah dengan ketuntasan siswa 75%. Pada siklus II 13 siswa (81,25%) mendapat nilai sangat tinggi, 3 siswa (18,75%) mendapat nilai tinggi dan tidak ada siswa yang mendapat nilai sedang, rendah dan sangat rendah dengan ketuntasan siswa adalah 87,5%. Kepada penelitian lain yang ingin melakukan penelitian yang sama, agar mengembangkan metode Mind Mapping ke dalam bentuk yang lebih kolaboratif dengan media pembelajaran yang lain.
INTEGRASI ISLAM-SAINS DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI
Authors: Febril Atiqah Nabila
Published: July 2023

Sains adalah kumpulan pengetahuan manusia yang menyatu melalui proses penelitian dan dapat dibenarkan atau bahkan diterima dengan akal sehat. Islam adalah agama monoteistik yang didasarkan pada ilmu pengetahuan. Dalam mengintegrasikan sains (biologi) dan Islam (Alquran), Al-Qur'an harus diletakkan di awal kajian dan tidak dijadikan sebagai pembenaran klaim-klaim ilmiah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan literature review terhadap beberapa artikel yang sesuai dengan penelitian yang dilaksanakan.  Metode yang digunakan yaitu literature review dengan cara menelusuri artikel-artikel yang ada pada jurnal yang terakreditasi atau terindeks nasional maupun internasional terkait Integrasi Islam-Sains dan Implementasinya dalam Pembelajaran Biologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Model integrasi Al-Qur’an sebagai sumber inspirasi yaitu menempatkan Al-Qur’an pada awal pembelajaran sebagai sumber rujukan utama yang kemudian menjelaskan berbagai fenomena ilmu pengetahuan. (2) model integrasi Al-Quran sebagai sumber konfirmasi, yaitu melakukan analisis/diskusi kritis terhadap fenomena sains, yang kemudian ditegaskan oleh Alquran dalam arti temuan ilmu pengetahuan menjelaskan apa yang dinyatakan Alquran. (3) Kedua model dapat digunakan secara bersamaan dan sinergis dalam pembelajaran biologi.
MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN DAMPAK TINDAKAN BULLYING DI LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH SMP TAMAN SISWA BATU
Authors: Setiani Puspita Pebri , Badar Ali , Alfianto Tirza Priscilla , Ramadani Uyunul Akbar
Published: July 2023

Bullying has always been a hot topic of conversation. Bullying is an action taken by a person to hurt, mentally drop another person by committing violence so that the victim receives all forms of treatment from the bully (Yonita & Karneli, 2019). The impact of bullying is very large, the victim can become depressed and traumatized so that in the future the victim will close himself off from outside influences and feel devastated and eventually commit suicide. The Minister of Education and Culture (Mendikbud) Nadiem Makarim explained the results of the character survey that had been conducted. The survey involved 260 thousand schools in Indonesia at the elementary/madrasah to high school/vocational school levels. There were 6.5 million students and 3.1 million teachers involved in the survey. From the survey, there was 24.4 percent of the potential for bullying in schools. In an effort to serve to increase understanding of the impact of bullying at Taman Siswa Batu Middle School, the method used was a socialization which was held on Tuesday 14 February 2023. So the results of the socialization increased the understanding of students and teachers at Taman Siswa Middle School, Batu City about the effects of bullying.
PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT BERBASIS POTENSI MENINGKATKAN KETRAMPILAN PERMAINAN FUTSAL TERHADAP SISWA EXTRAKULIKULER SMAN 3 BATU
Authors: Aldi Gusti Komang , H Chandra Bagus , P Chandra Wahyu , Junaidi Ahmad
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this community service is to improve and introduce the game of futsal for futsal players at SMA Negeri 3 Batu, which is located in Sumbergondo Village, Bumiaji District, Batu City, East Java. The implementation method uses training that combines theory and practice for the participants. The results of this service basically the participants already have the basic technical skills of playing futsal very well 75% but 15% of them are still in the sufficient category and 10% are below the average futsal player. The conclusion from this dedication is that it is very important for the understanding of the players to be able to improve their ability to play futsal in order to achieve achievements in futsal.
SOSIALISASI PROGRAM KARTU INDONESIA PINTAR KULIAH DI DESA PAKISJAJAR KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Susilawati Lis , Wijayanti Rina , Muliyono Nurwakhid , Indah Chindy Hanggara Rosa
Published: July 2023

The socialization of the Indonesia Smart College Card is one of the government's programs to facilitate and assist lower-middle class people about the benefits of the Indonesia Smart College Card for students who will continue on to tertiary institutions by taking advantage of the Indonesia Smart College Card scholarship to help pay for Study Fees at tertiary institutions.
Gaya Kepemimpinan, Motivasi Dosen, dan Model Pentahelix dalam Mendukung Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (Studi di Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo)
Authors: Yudityawati Dessy Kartika , Hermawan Sigit
Published: July 2023

Prinsip merdeka belajar diharapkan dapat mempercepat proses reformasi pendidikan di Indonesia. Pendidikan yang kaku, linier, dan birokratik tidak sesuai dengan zaman dimana teknologi berkembang pesat. Kurikulum yang tanggap zaman, bersifat adaptif dan inovatif menjadi jawabannya. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui peran gaya kepemimpinan, motivasi dosen, dan model pentahelix dalam mendukung implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka di Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo. Penelitian masuk ke dalam kategori penelitian kualitatif dengan paradigma interpretatif, dan menggunakan beberapa teknik pengumpulan data, antara lain wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan gaya kepemimpinan, motivasi dosen, dan model pentahelix berperan dalam implementasi MBKM di Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo. Paradigma ‘TORSIE’ dan gaya kepemimpinan transformasional membawa Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo ke arah pendidikan dinamis dan berkualitas. Motivasi dosen utamanya dalam rangka pengembangan diri, menjadikan MBKM bukan sekedar pembelajaran di luar Prodi, melainkan menginternalisasi MBKM sampai kepada penciptaan kelas kolaboratif, inovatif, dan partisipatif. Model pentahelix, integrasi antara Pemerintah, akademisi, bisnis, media, dan masyarakat, sebagai perwujudan kolaborasi dan sinergi Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo dengan institusi lain melengkapi itu semua. Dalam bidang keilmuan, diharapkan hasil penelitian ini akan dapat digunakan sebagai referensi untuk penelitian selanjutnya.
Implementation of Siri'Na Pacce in Countermeasure Fraud
Authors: Abdi Muhammad Nur , Adil Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Countering fraud is important to reduce losses and respond to negative impacts. Various strategies and techniques have been developed to address fraud, such as the implementation of effective supervisory and audit systems, risk identification and fraud prevention. Therefore, handling fraud must be done proactively and continuously, taking into account new risks and developing innovative and effective solutions. The purpose of this research is to find out fraud prevention through the siri'na pacce value approach. This research uses ethnography as a method. Researchers conducted a search related to the culture of the Bugis Makassar Tribe and synthesized to find siri 'na pace in relation to fraud prevention. The 15 informants each represent government, private, academic, local youth, and general public sources. With the condition that each informant is a Bugis Macassar tribe that is closely related to the local culture of siri'na pace. The results showed that indirectly there is fraud prevention through the implementation of siri'na pacce by the Makassar Bugis community. By making self-philosophy in every decision and action so that fraud can be prevented.
Textual Criticism, Psychoanalysis and the Historical Method. A Conversation
Authors: Ginzburg Carlo , Mayer Andreas
Published: July 2023

In this conversation, Carlo Ginzburg and Andreas Mayer address a number of epistemological issues central to the articulation of historiography and psychoanalysis: the notion of unintentional revelations (or involuntary testimonies), the relation between the specificity of cases and the generalizations implied by them, the problem of reopening old cases and of their proper contextualization, and the question to what extent translation can serve as a metaphor for the work of psychoanalysts and historians.
An Archaeology of the Analysing Instrument: Otto Isakower's Self-Experiment
Authors: Dawson Benjamin
Published: July 2023

The article offers an intellectual reconstruction of Otto Isakower’s concept of the ‘analyzing instrument’, the vehicle by which the analyst’s mind becomes joined to the patient’s, each in a comparable state of regressed self-observation. This view of technique is shown to have grown out of Isakower’s pre-war research (shaped by the work of Paul Schilder and Paul Federn) on a variety of pre-dormescent hallucination that still bears his name, ‘the Isakower phenomenon’. Primarily, however, it is Isakower’s amateur, apparently peripheral interest in the history and epistemology of science which was, the article argues, central to the evolution of his ideas. In particular, Isakower’s study of the scientific practices of self-observation and self-experimentation used by the nineteenth-century sensory physiologist Johannes Müller is shown to have been a decisive relay point between his earlier clinical research on hypnagogic states and his later reflections on technique. In underscoring the significance of that study, the article suggests that something of the transitional character of Müller’s scientific practices – his location on the threshold between Romantic and modern, positivist styles of investigating the senses – is retained in Isakower’s fascinating model of the analytic situation.
Development of metal AM technology for gas turbine components
Authors: Tanigawa Shuji , Kataoka Masahito , Taneike Masaki , Ito Ryuta , Komaki Takanao , Motoyama Norihiko
Published: July 2023

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (MHI) Group has been developing additive manufacturing (AM) as a method that can manufacture parts with complex shapes and considering its application to manufacturing processes. In combustor components, application of AM process to rapid prototyping and multi-cluster nozzles for hydrogen or ammonia gas fuel is being considered. In turbine parts, with the aim of improving performance by reducing the amount of cooling air, the adoption of a complex internal cooling structure, which cannot be made with conventional manufacturing methods but can only be made by AM, is being considered. This paper describes design for AM technology for gas turbine components and metal AM process technology such as building simulation based high stiffness support design and pre-set distortion, microstructure control by laser scanning conditions, quality control through in-process monitoring tools and application of AM technology to gas Turbine Components.
Fundamentals and recent progress of additive manufacturing-assisted porous materials on transpiration cooling
Authors: Xu Ruina , Cheng Zhilong , Jiang Peixue
Published: July 2023

The requirements for new generation vehicles in terms of the flight speed, thrust–weight ratio, and maneuverability necessitate the development of high performance and reliable propulsion systems where active thermal protection technology plays a crucial role. Transpiration cooling based on a microporous structure is considered as one of the most promising techniques for protecting the high heat flux walls from ablation in aerospace applications. Unlike conventional fabrication methods, additive manufacturing (AM) has been applied to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) porous structures with customized geometries that are specific to applications, i.e., in terms of the design of features such as the pore diameter, pore density, porosity, and pore morphology. Three major AM technologies (selective laser melting, inkjet, and stereolithography) followed by a post-printing process have been proposed for the additive manufacture of porous structures. In particular, 3D-printed porous structures have great promise for transpiration cooling applications. In this review, we discuss the detailed steps of porous structure topology design and a general framework is presented for AM. The heat transfer and strength performance are also provided for porous parts fabricated by AM. Furthermore, the applications of 3D-printed porous media in transpiration cooling with different regimes are described. This review concludes by explaining the current challenges and prospects for the next generation of 3D-printed porous structures in transpiration cooling systems.
Change Over Time in the Structural Equation Model of Factors Related to Depression in Stroke Survivors Living at Home Since Discharge from the Acute Phase
Authors: Kimura Takashi
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To clarify the changes in causal factors related to depression over time among stroke survivors living at home since discharge using structural equation model analysis. Methods: This was a longitudinal study using secondary data from the Stroke Recovery in Underserved Population database. This study used the Functional Independence Measure and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale to assess based on data collected at three time points: at discharge, 3 months after discharge, and 12 months after discharge. Structural equation modelling analysis was performed after conducting exploratory factorial and confirmatory factorial analysis. Results: The results of factorial and structural equation modelling analysis showed that all factor loadings and model fits were acceptable. Upon comparing the three times points, the structural equation model related to depression changed. At discharge, depressive symptoms were mainly impacted by personal relationships; at three months after discharge, they were mainly impacted by physical symptoms; at 12 months after discharge, they were mainly impacted by living activities and cognitive function. Locomotion and three items related to depressive symptoms commonly appeared at all three time points. Conclusion: The factors related to depression symptoms change over time post discharge. Therefore, this study suggests that an effective rehabilitation for ensuring that stroke survivors living at home can experience high quality of life should focus, at the physical level, on activities with gaps between performance and capability for, for example, locomotion and sphincter control; at the psychological level, on ensuring that stroke survivors have access to appropriate personal relationships without stress, and intervenors should consider survivors’ depressive symptoms at each relevant time point.
Nanotechnology boosts the efficiency of tumor diagnosis and therapy
Authors: Yang Ying , Lin Mali , Sun Mengfan , Zhang Guo-Qiang , Guo Jianshuang , Li Jianheng
Published: July 2023

The incidence and mortality of cancer are gradually increasing. The highly invasive and metastasis of tumor cells increase the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment, so people pay more and more attention to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Conventional treatment methods, including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, are difficult to eliminate tumor cells completely. And the emergence of nanotechnology has boosted the efficiency of tumor diagnosis and therapy. Herein, the research progress of nanotechnology used for tumor diagnosis and treatment is reviewed, and the emerging detection technology and the application of nanodrugs in clinic are summarized and prospected. The first part refers to the application of different nanomaterials for imaging in vivo and detection in vitro, which includes magnetic resonance imaging, fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging and biomarker detection. The distinctive physical and chemical advantages of nanomaterials can improve the detection sensitivity and accuracy to achieve tumor detection in early stage. The second part is about the nanodrug used in clinic for tumor treatment. Nanomaterials have been widely used as drug carriers, including the albumin paclitaxel, liposome drugs, mRNA-LNP, protein nanocages, micelles, membrane nanocomplexes, microspheres et al., which could improve the drug accumulate in tumor tissue through enhanced permeability and retention effect to kill tumor cells with high efficiency. But there are still some challenges to revolutionize traditional tumor diagnosis and anti-drug resistance based on nanotechnology.
Deep learning for detecting visually impaired cataracts using fundus images
Authors: Xie He , Li Zhongwen , Wu Chengchao , Zhao Yitian , Lin Chengmin , Wang Zhouqian , Wang Chenxi , Gu Qinyi , Wang Minye , Zheng Qinxiang , Jiang Jiewei , Chen Wei
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To develop a visual function-based deep learning system (DLS) using fundus images to screen for visually impaired cataracts.

Materials and methods: A total of 8,395 fundus images (5,245 subjects) with corresponding visual function parameters collected from three clinical centers were used to develop and evaluate a DLS for classifying non-cataracts, mild cataracts, and visually impaired cataracts. Three deep learning algorithms (DenseNet121, Inception V3, and ResNet50) were leveraged to train models to obtain the best one for the system. The performance of the system was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity.

Results: The AUC of the best algorithm (DenseNet121) on the internal test dataset and the two external test datasets were 0.998 (95% CI, 0.996–0.999) to 0.999 (95% CI, 0.998–1.000),0.938 (95% CI, 0.924–0.951) to 0.966 (95% CI, 0.946–0.983) and 0.937 (95% CI, 0.918–0.953) to 0.977 (95% CI, 0.962–0.989), respectively. In the comparison between the system and cataract specialists, better performance was observed in the system for detecting visually impaired cataracts (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Our study shows the potential of a function-focused screening tool to identify visually impaired cataracts from fundus images, enabling timely patient referral to tertiary eye hospitals.
New insight into the virulence and inflammatory response of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Wu Yuan , Chen Ti , Wang Yanle , Huang Mao , Wang Yurong , Luo Zhen
Published: July 2023

Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) have less virulence, but still cause severe infections. Furthermore, hypovirulent S. aureus strains appear to be localized in the deep tissues of diabetic foot osteomyelitis, indicating that the unique environment within DFUs affects the pathogenicity of S. aureus. In this study, the cell-free culture medium (CFCM) of S. aureus strains isolated from DFUs exhibited higher cytotoxicity to human erythrocytes than those isolated from non-diabetic patients with sepsis or wounds. Among these S. aureus strains isolated from DFUs, β-toxin negative strains have less virulence than β-toxin positive strains, but induced a higher expression of inflammatory cytokines. Our study and previous studies have shown that the synergistic effect of phenol-soluble modulin α and β-toxin contributes to the higher hemolytic activity of β-toxin positive strains. However, lysis of human erythrocytes by the CFCM of β-toxin negative strains was greatly inhibited by an autolysin inhibitor, sodium polyanethole sulfonate (SPS). A high level of glucose greatly reduced the hemolytic activity of S. aureus, but promoted the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in human neutrophils. However, 5 mM glucose or glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) increased the hemolytic activity of SA118 (a β-toxin negative strain) isolated from DFUs. Additionally, patients with DFUs with growth of S. aureus had lower level of serum IL-6 than those with other bacteria, and the CFCM of S. aureus strains significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-6 expression in human neutrophils. Therefore, the virulence and inflammatory response of S. aureus strains isolated from DFUs are determined by the levels of glucose and its metabolites, which may explain why it is the predominant bacteria isolated from DFUs.
Evaluation of national institute for health and care excellence guidance for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms by emulating a hypothetical target trial
Authors: Eilenberg Wolf , Waduud Mohammed A. , Davies Henry , Bailey Marc A. , Scott D. Julian A. , Wolf Florian , Sotir Anna , Lakowitsch Sebastian , Kaider Alexandra , Heinze Georg , Brostjan Christine , Domenig Christoph M. , Neumayer Christoph
Published: July 2023

Objective

This retrospective study evaluates the performance of UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Guidelines on management of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms in a “real world setting” by emulating a hypothetical target trial with data from two European Aortic Centers.

Methods

Clinical data was retrospectively collected for all patients who had undergone ruptured endovascular aneurysm repair (rEVAR) and ruptured open surgical repair (rOSR). Survival analysis was performed comparing NICE compliance to usual care strategy. NICE compliers were defined as: female patients undergoing rEVAR; male patients >70 years old undergoing rEVAR; and male patients ≤70 years old undergoing rOSR. Hemodynamic instability was considered additionally.

Results

This multicenter study included 298 patients treated for rAAA. The majority of patients were treated with rOSR (186 rOSR vs. 112 rEVAR). Overall, 184 deaths (68 [37%] with rEVAR and 116 [63%] with rOSR) were observed during the study period. Overall survival under usual care was 69.2% at 30 days, 56.5% at one year, and 42.4% at 5 years. NICE compliance gave survival outcomes of 73.1% at 30 days, 60.2% at 1 year and 42.9% at 5 years. The risk ratios at these time points, comparing NICE-compliance to usual care, were 0.88, 0.92 and 0.99, respectively.

Conclusions

We support NICE recommendations to manage men below the age of 71 years and hemodynamic stability with rOSR. There was a slight survival advantage for NICE compliers overall, in men >70 years and women of all ages.
Application of multi-source data in a tornado process in Jiangsu province
Authors: Cao Shuya , Wang Yi , Tan Juan , Zhuang Xiaoran , Lu Rong , Wei Fenfen , He Yan
Published: July 2023

This paper analyzes the weather background and triggering mechanism before the occurrence of an EF3 tornado on 14 May 2021, in southern Jiangsu, using multi-source data. Results show that 1) the tornado occurred in the warm and humid area inside the low-level shear line and the inverted trough at the surface, the southeast wind field to the east of the surface convergence line and high value area of water vapor flux on the left side of low altitude jet axis exit zone. 2) The intensity of the heavy rainfall supercell storm was strengthened after entering the Taihu Lake, and mesocyclones were detected with decreasing heights and increasing shear strengths which leading to the formation of the tornado parent storm. Tornado vortex storm bottom height dropped to 0.3km, the shear value increased to 169.1 × 10−3 s-1, strong echoes above 60 dBZ reached to the ground, the difference between the lowest elevation Radial velocity (LLDV) and the maximum Radial velocity (MXDV) reached up to the largest value when tornado occurred. 3) The strong convergence of the ground and the enhancement of mesoscale frontal zone resulted in the strong development of thunderstorm cells. The deep rear inflow behind the heavy precipitation supercell storm passed through the stratiform cloud area and produced strong updraft due to the convergence of wind direction and wind speed. The updrafts generated vertical vorticity under the influence of wind shear, which was further stretched in the middle layer of the troposphere to form the core of the tornado. 4) The flat underlying surface, abundant water vapor, lake surface thermal boundary, and strong wind convergence on the east bank of Taihu Lake provided favorable conditions for the occurrence of the tornado. The centers of the mesocyclones in the lower and middle layers were close to each other in the horizontal direction, which provided stable and vertical updrafts for the mesocyclones and strengthened the suction effect of the mesocyclones on the low-level vortices, facilitating the formation of the tornado.
Stubborn boundaries: the iron ring ritual as a case of mapping, resisting, and transforming Canadian engineering ethics
Authors: Paul Robyn Mae , Zacharias Kari , Nolan Edmund Martin , Monkman Kyle , Thomsen Victoria
Published: July 2023

This article explores the historical context and ongoing discussions of the iron ring ritual, a prominent tradition in Canadian engineering. We employ discourse analysis to describe and analyze components of the ritual itself, as well as more recent texts related to contemporary conversations about the ritual. We apply Alice Pawley’s scholarship on boundary work in engineering as an analytical framework and find the ritual has served to reproduce and map boundaries around engineering ethics and responsibility in Canada, and numerous actors have resisted those boundaries based on opposition to the colonial, misogynistic, and Christian values embedded in the ritual, as well as the ritual’s framing of engineering agency and responsibility. We reflect on the lessons this case can offer for members of the Canadian engineering and engineering education communities, as well as for those interested in the power and complexity of humanistic interventions in engineering.
FOXO 1 deletion in chondrocytes rescues diabetes-impaired fracture healing by restoring angiogenesis and reducing apoptosis
Authors: Alharbi Mohammed A. , Graves Dana T.
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus is associated with higher risks of long bone and jaw fractures. It is also associated with a higher incidence of delayed union or non-union. Our previous investigations concluded that a dominant mechanism was the premature loss of cartilage during endochondral bone formation associated with increased osteoclastic activities. We tested the hypothesis that FOXO1 plays a key role in diabetes-impaired angiogenesis and chondrocyte apoptosis.

Methods

Closed fractures of the femur were induced in mice with lineage-specific FOXO1 deletion in chondrocytes. The control group consisted of mice with the FOXO1 gene present. Mice in the diabetic group were rendered diabetic by multiple streptozotocin injections, while mice in the normoglycemic group received vehicle. Specimens were collected 16 days post fracture. The samples were fixed, decalcified, and embedded in paraffin blocks for immunostaining utilizing anti cleaved caspase-3 or CD31 specific antibodies compared with matched control IgG antibody, and apoptosis by the TUNEL assay. Additionally, ATDC5 chondrocytes were examined in vitro by RT-PCR, luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays.

Results

Diabetic mice had ~ 50% fewer blood vessels compared to normoglycemic mice FOXO1 deletion in diabetic mice partially rescued the low number of blood vessels (p < 0.05). Additionally, diabetes increased caspase-3 positive and apoptotic chondrocytes by 50%. FOXO1 deletion in diabetic animals blocked the increase in both to levels comparable to normoglycemic animals (p < 0.05). High glucose (HG) and high advanced glycation end products (AGE) levels stimulated FOXO1 association with the caspase-3 promoter in vitro, and overexpression of FOXO1 increased caspase-3 promoter activity in luciferase reporter assays. Furthermore, we review previous mechanistic studies demonstrating that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibition reverses impaired angiogenesis and reverses high levels of chondrocyte apoptosis that occur in fracture healing.

Discussion

New results presented here, in combination with recent studies, provide a comprehensive overview of how diabetes, through high glucose levels, AGEs, and increased inflammation, impair the healing process by interfering with angiogenesis and stimulating chondrocyte apoptosis. FOXO1 in diabetic fractures plays a negative role by reducing new blood vessel formation and increasing chondrocyte cell death which is distinct from its role in normal fracture healing.
Characteristics of steroid hormones in systemic lupus erythematosus revealed by GC/MS-based metabolic profiling
Authors: Wu Dehong , Ye Lingxia , Zhang Xiafeng , Yin Mengdi , Guo Yixuan , Zhou Jia
Published: July 2023

Background

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with a remarkable predominance in female, suggesting that steroid hormones may be involved in the pathogenesis. However, steroid signature of SLE patients has not been fully explored.

Methods

A metabolic profiling analysis based on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with high sensitivity and reproducibility was employed to comprehensively reveal SLE-specific steroid alterations.

Results

More than 70 kinds of steroids in urine were detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to reveal SLE-specific steroid alterations. Principle component analysis demonstrated that the steroid profile was obviously distinguished between patients with SLE and controls. A lower level of total androgens was observed in patients, and nine androgens [dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), testosterone, Etio, androsterone, βαβ-Diol, Epi-An, Epi-DHT, 16α-OH-DHEA, and A-Diol] underwent significant decrease. Moreover, patients with SLE exhibited a slightly higher level of total estrogens than controls, and three estrogens (17-Epi-E3, 17α-E2, and E3) were remarkably increased. Furthermore, we identified the elevation of two sterols (Lan and Chol), and the reduction of one corticoid (11-DeoxyF) and two progestins (5α-DHP and 11β-OH-Prog) in patients.

Discussion

In this study, metabolic signature of urinary steroids associated with SLE was comprehensively defined by GC/MS for the first time, and steroid metabolism disorders were found in patients with SLE, especially the conversion of androgens to estrogens. Our findings will provide new insights for a deeper understanding of the mechanism of steroid hormones in the pathogenesis of SLE and will help to unravel the reason of sexual disparity in SLE.
Local tumor destruction and liver resection increase overall survival in intermediate/advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients: evidence from a population-based study
Authors: Zhang Yang , Zhang Yi , He Taiyu , Liu Guangliang , Duan Minjie , Huang Jian , Huang Christy , Lowe Scott , Ke Dazhi , Liu Xiaozhu , Cao Junyi
Published: July 2023

Background

Liver resection (LR) and local tumor destruction (LTD) are effective treatments, but not commonly recommended for patients with intermediate/advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to explore whether LR/LTD could improve overall survival (OS) of these patients, and to identify the patients who will most likely benefit from LR/LTD.

Methods

Data of patients with intermediate/advanced HCC between 2001 and 2018 were extracted from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. OS was compared between HCC patients who received LR/LTD and those who did not. A nomogram was constructed for predicting OS, and it was then validated.

Results

A total of 535 eligible patients were included, among which 128 received LR/LTD while 407 did not. Significantly higher OS in patients who received LR/LTD was observed (P<0.001). Based on independent prognostic factors obtained from univariate and multivariate analyses, a nomogram was constructed. The C-indices of nomogram were higher than those of the TNM staging system (training cohort: 0.74 vs. 0.59; validation cohort: 0.78 vs. 0.61). Similarly, areas under receiver operating characteristic curves and calibration curves indicated good accuracy of the nomogram. Decision curve analysis curves revealed good clinical practicability of the nomogram. Furthermore, low-risk patients (nomogram score: 0-221.9) had higher OS compared with high-risk patients (nomogram score: higher than 221.9) (P<0.001).

Conclusion

LR/LTD significantly improves OS in patients with intermediate/advanced HCC. The nomogram developed in the present study shows high predicating value for OS in patients with intermediate/advanced HCC, which might be useful in selecting patients who are most suitable for LR/LTD.
Impact of tellurium as an anion dopant on the photovoltaic performance of wide-bandgap Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin-film solar cells with rubidium fluoride post-deposition treatment
Authors: Ağca S. , Çankaya G. , Sonmezoglu S.
Published: July 2023

The development of wide-bandgap Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films is crucial in order to reach the theoretical Shockley–Queisser limit values in single-crystal solar cells. However, the performance of solar cells based on wide-bandgap thin film absorbers has lagged significantly compared to that of their narrow-bandgap counterparts. Herein, we develop a feasible strategy to improve the photovoltaic performance of wide-bandgap Cu(In,Ga)Se2 chalcopyrite thin-film solar cells by simultaneously doping with both RbF PDT and Te2− anions as dopants in the absorber layer during the three-stage co-evaporation process. Besides inducing significant change in the GGI gradient, the synergistic effect of the Te2− anion dopant is rather beneficial in terms of controlling grain size, defects in grain boundaries, and charge carrier lifetime for encouraging charge separation and extraction, which contributes to simultaneously boosting short-circuit current density and fill factor. Te-poor devices afford an impressive efficiency of 9.58%, compared to 6.43% for control devices. More importantly, the efficiency and Voc values obtained for wide-bandgap-based thin-film solar cells containing Te anions were the highest compared to their counterparts as reported in the literature. These results demonstrate the role of Te2− anions in wide-bandgap absorber thin films on the photovoltaic performance of thin-film solar cells and the potential of this approach for use in reasonable and effective design of highly efficient wide-bandgap thin-film solar cells.
Response of soil oxides in complex terrain region to environment revealed by hyperspectral observations
Authors: Xu Honggen , Zhang Donghui , Tang Yuanyuan , Dai Liangliang , Kong Weiwei , Li Xusheng
Published: July 2023

Soil oxides are important diagnostic indicators for soil quality assessment, and their content has a positive effect on adsorption of heavy metals, remediation of pollution, and enhancement of organic matter enrichment. Moreover, soil oxides are affected by multiple environmental factors such as soil pH, geomorphological, and elevation, and their distribution is highly regional. In this study, 421 ground soil samples and 2 hyperspectral satellite data were collected. The content distribution of 8 main oxides in soil, including SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, and Corg. were obtained according to the process of data preprocessing, spectral transformation, feature extraction, band combination, and model establishment. The results indicated that the homogenization spectral transformation method is the most suitable; The calculation accuracy of complex spectral characteristic parameters is inferior to that of characteristic bands; The difference model is more suitable for the extraction of soil oxide content in this study area; The average content of SiO2 and CaO shows a decreasing trend with the elevation increasing; The average content of SiO2 and Fe2O3 shows an upward trend with the increase of slope; East is the main geomorphic direction of soil oxide enrichment. SiO2, Al2O3, and MgO are the three soil oxides with the highest correlation. The response relationship between soil oxides, topography and pH is discussed, and the distribution rule of soil oxides and environmental determinants are obtained, which provides a set of technical schemes for digital soil research. This study can extract the content of soil components in a large area, analyze the causes, and provide a new technical scheme for soil investigation and treatment.