bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Continuum limit for lattice Schrödinger operators
Authors: Isozaki Hiroshi , Jensen Arne
Published: September 2021

We study the behavior of solutions of the Helmholtz equation [Formula: see text] on a periodic lattice as the mesh size [Formula: see text] tends to 0. Projecting to the eigenspace of a characteristic root [Formula: see text] and using a gauge transformation associated with the Dirac point, we show that the gauge transformed solution [Formula: see text] converges to that for the equation [Formula: see text] for a continuous model on [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]. For the case of the hexagonal and related lattices, in a suitable energy region, it converges to that for the Dirac equation. For the case of the square lattice, triangular lattice, hexagonal lattice (in another energy region) and subdivision of a square lattice, one can add a scalar potential, and the solution of the lattice Schrödinger equation [Formula: see text] converges to that of the continuum Schrödinger equation [Formula: see text].
Families of ICIS with constant total Milnor number
Authors: Carvalho R. S. , Nuño-Ballesteros J. J. , Oréfice-Okamoto B. , Tomazella J. N.
Published: September 2021

We show that a family of isolated complete intersection singularities (ICIS) with constant total Milnor number has no coalescence of singularities. This extends a well-known result of Gabriélov, Lazzeri and Lê for hypersurfaces. We use A’Campo’s theorem to see that the Lefschetz number of the generic monodromy of the ICIS is zero when the ICIS is singular. We give a pair applications for families of functions on ICIS which extend also some known results for functions on a smooth variety.
First principles calculations on the novel high pressure phase of HfC
Authors: Bai Hong-Jie , Chen Long-Qing , Deng Hao , Liu Xian-Bo , Qin Xiao-Rong , Zhang Ding-Guo , Liu Tong , Cui Xu-Dong
Published: September 2021

A new high-pressure structure of hafnium monocarbide (HfC) has been predicted by particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm based on first principles calculations. The newly found phase AuCu (L1[Formula: see text] belongs to the tetragonal P4/mmm space group. The transition pressure of NaCl (B1)[Formula: see text]L10 is predicted to be 387.6 GPa, which is much lower than that of B1[Formula: see text]CsCl (B2). L10 phase is found to transform to B2 structure at [Formula: see text]896.7 GPa. The structural stability criterion for tetragonal crystal was successfully deduced, which confirms the mechanical stability of L10 phase according to the calculated elastic constants. Thus, the equilibrium structure of HfC under high pressure was predicted to be L10 phase instead of B2. Furthermore, the bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young’s modulus and the compressional and shear wave velocities of HfC in B1 and L10 phases are found to increase monotonically as the pressure increases.
First-Order Current-Mode Fully Cascadable All-Pass Frequency Selective Structure, Its Higher-Order Extension and Tunable Transformation Possibilities
Authors: Chaturvedi Bhartendu , Mohan Jitendra , Jitender
Published: September 2021

An extra-X second-generation current conveyor (EXCCII) based first-order current-mode all-pass frequency selective structure is presented through this paper. A grounded resistor and a grounded capacitor are used as passive components. Single active element based realization directly correlates with the circuit’s simplicity. The grounded nature of passive components is advantageous from IC fabrication aspects. The proposed circuit offers cascadability support through low input impedance and high output impedance. The ability of the presented idea to deliver the desired output without meeting any stringent component matching condition further simplifies the circuit’s operation. Sensitivity performance of the proposed circuit is good. The quality performance at high frequency is another value addition to the circuit’s signal processing attributes. Analyses showing the circuit’s behavior under non-ideal conditions are also described in detail. Validation of theoretical analyses is supported by simulations carried out on PSPICE at 0.25[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m technology.
Data Hiding Scheme for Video Watermarking Using Horizontal and Vertical Coefficients of Single Level Discrete Wavelet Transform Method
Authors: Liby J. Jerisha , Jaya T.
Published: September 2021

This paper proposes a new watermarking algorithm based on a single-level discrete wavelet transform (DWT). This method initially chooses ‘[Formula: see text]’ number of carrier frames to hide the data. After estimating the carrier frames, each frame is separated into RGB frames. Each R, G, and B frames are decomposed using a single-level DWT. The horizontal and vertical coefficients are selected to embed the watermark information since small changes in the horizontal and vertical coefficients do not highly affect the quality of the video frame. The watermark image pixels are shuffled using a predetermined key before embedding. The shuffled pixels are converted to binary, and they are grouped into three data matrices. Each data matrix is embedded in horizontal and vertical coefficients of the R, G and B frames of the video frame. After embedding the data, the watermarked video is reconstructed using the original approximation coefficients, the embed coefficients, and the original diagonal coefficients. During the extraction process, the watermark is extracted from the horizontal and vertical coefficients of the watermarked video. Experimental result reveals that the proposed method outperforms other related methods in terms of video quality and structural similarity index measurement.
Construction and Analysis of Scientific and Technological Personnel Relational Graph for Group Recognition
Authors: Yang Dongju , Wang Xiaojian , Zhang Hanshuo
Published: September 2021

The key to the in-depth management of science and technology is to model the behavior characteristics of scientific and technological personnel and then find groups by analyzing the diverse associations among them. Aiming at the analysis of team relationship among scientific and technological personnel, this paper proposed a method to recognize the group of scientific and technological personnel based on relational graph. The relationship model of scientific and technological personnel was designed, and based on this, the entity and relationship recognition and extraction are performed on the structured and unstructured source data to construct a relational graph. An improved frequent item mining algorithm based on Hadoop was proposed, which enabled getting the group of scientific and technological personnel by mining and analyzing the data in the relational graph. In this paper, the proposed method was experimented on both open and private datasets, and compared with several classical algorithms. The results showed that the method proposed in this paper has a significant improvement in execution efficiency.
Global Sensitivity Analysis for Fuzzy RDF Data
Authors: Soliman Hatem , Khan Izhar Ahmed , Hussain Yasir
Published: September 2021

The resource description framework (RDF) was adopted by the World Wide Web (W3C) as an essential semantic web standard and the RDF scheme. It accords the hard semantics in the description and wields the crisp metadata. However, it usually produces vague or ambiguous information. Consequently, fuzzy RDF helps deal with such special data by transforming the crisp values into a fuzzy set. A method for analyzing fuzzy RDF data is proposed in this paper. To this end, first, we decompose the RDF into fuzzy RDF variables. Second, we are designing a model for global sensitivity analysis based on the decomposition of fuzzy RDF. It figures out the ambiguities of fuzzy RDF data. The proposed global sensitivity analysis model provides the importance of fuzzy RDF data by considering the response function’s structure and reselects it to a certain degree. A practical tool for sensitivity analysis of fuzzy RDF data has also been implemented based on the proposed model.
Relatively free dimonoids and bar-units
Authors: Zhuchok Anatolii V.
Published: September 2021

This paper is devoted to the study of the problem of adjoining a set of bar-units to dimonoids. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for adjoining a set of bar-units to the free left [Formula: see text]-dinilpotent dimonoid ([Formula: see text]), and prove that it is impossible to adjoin a set of bar-units to the free abelian dimonoid of rank [Formula: see text] and the free [Formula: see text]-dimonoid. As consequences, we establish that it is impossible to extend by a set of bar-units the free left [Formula: see text]-dinilpotent dimonoid ([Formula: see text]), the free abelian dimonoid of rank [Formula: see text] and the free [Formula: see text]-dimonoid to a generalized digroup. We also count the cardinalities of the free left [Formula: see text]-dinilpotent dimonoid and the free [Formula: see text]-dimonoid for a finite case.
A PROBABILISTIC INTERPRETATION OF THE DZHRBASHYAN FRACTIONAL INTEGRAL
Authors: ZHAO DAZHI , YU GUOZHU , YU TAO , ZHANG LU
Published: September 2021

Physical and probabilistic interpretations of the fractional derivatives and integrals are basic problems to their applications. In this paper, we establish a relation between the Dzhrbashyan fractional integral and the expectation of a corresponding random variable by constructing the cumulative distribution function. As examples, interpretations of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral and Kober integral operator are given. Furthermore, probabilistic interpretations of the Caputo fractional derivative and the fractional integral of a function with respect to another function are discussed too. With the help of probabilistic interpretations proposed in this paper, models described by fractional derivatives and integrals can be endowed with corresponding statistical meanings, while some statistical physics models can be rewritten in fractional calculus too.
LIPSCHITZ EQUIVALENCE OF SELF-SIMILAR SETS AND FINITE-STATE AUTOMATON
Authors: ZHU YUNJIE , RAO HUI
Published: September 2021

The study of Lipschitz equivalence of fractals is a very active topic in recent years. Most of the studies in literature concern totally disconnected fractals. In this paper, using neighbor automata of self-similar sets and a transducer, we construct a bi-Lipschitz map between two fractal squares which are not totally disconnected. This is the first nontrivial construction of this type. We also show that this map is measure-preserving.
AN IMPROVED FRACTAL PERMEABILITY MODEL FOR POROUS GEOMATERIALS WITH COMPLEX PORE STRUCTURES AND ROUGH SURFACES
Authors: NI HONGYANG , LIU JIANGFENG , LI XIAOZHAO , SHA ZIHENG , PU HAI
Published: September 2021

Permeability is a critical parameter for characterizing the migration behavior of a fluid in porous media, thus being of great importance in guiding the geotechnical engineering practice. In this study, an improved permeability model was developed on the basis of the fractal features of the porous geomaterials. It further takes into account the periodic variation of the cross-section of the pore path in the flow direction and the roughness of the pore surfaces. This model indicates that the permeability is a function of the porosity, maximum pore radius, proportion of minimum pore radius to the maximum pore radius, roughness of the capillary tube, and variation in the cross-sectional characteristics of the tube. It provides a better insight into the transport mechanism of fluids in porous geomaterials. The permeability of the model is related to the variable cross-sectional characteristics of the pore channel, i.e. the belly-to-throat ratio and the roughness, as a quadratic function. These two parameters are the key to affecting the level of permeability. The model was verified over a wide range of permeability variations by changing from high-permeability media (102 mD) to low-permeability media (10−3 mD). Accurate permeability prediction of high–low-permeability porous media can be achieved by considering the variation of parameters.
THE AFFINE RATIONAL POTENTIAL MODEL
Authors: NGUYEN THE ANH , SEIFRIED FRANK THOMAS
Published: September 2021

We develop a class of rational term structure models in the framework of the potential approach based upon a family of positive supermartingales that are driven by an affine Markov process. These models generally feature nonnegative interest rates and analytic pricing formulae for zero bonds, caps, swaptions, and European currency options, even in the presence of multiple factors. Moreover, in a model specification, the short rate stays near the zero lower bound for an extended period.
Universal Hardy–Sobolev inequalities on hypersurfaces of Euclidean space
Authors: Cabré Xavier , Miraglio Pietro
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we study Hardy–Sobolev inequalities on hypersurfaces of [Formula: see text], all of them involving a mean curvature term and having universal constants independent of the hypersurface. We first consider the celebrated Sobolev inequality of Michael–Simon and Allard, in our codimension one framework. Using their ideas, but simplifying their presentations, we give a quick and easy-to-read proof of the inequality. Next, we establish two new Hardy inequalities on hypersurfaces. One of them originates from an application to the regularity theory of stable solutions to semilinear elliptic equations. The other one, which we prove by exploiting a “ground state” substitution, improves the Hardy inequality of Carron. With this same method, we also obtain an improved Hardy or Hardy–Poincaré inequality.
Experimental Study on Ground Vibration Caused by the Blast Loading of an Explosion Vessel
Authors: Gong Jie , Wang Quan , Nie Baisheng , Ge Ze
Published: September 2021

To investigate the ground vibration caused by the internal blast loading of an explosion vessel while evaluating the damage caused by vibration propagation to surrounding buildings, a series of explosion vibration tests were carried out using an explosion vessel. The blasting vibration monitors recorded the vibration parameters, and the vibration velocity frequency distributions were analyzed by the Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) method. The results show that the explosion vibration velocity is closely related to the explosive charge and propagation distance. The effect of an explosive charge and propagation distance on the vibration amplitude at frequencies of 20–60[Formula: see text]Hz is not apparent, but at frequencies of 5–10[Formula: see text]Hz, low-order frequencies are noticeable. Furthermore, the energy amplitude and vibration action duration increase with increasing explosive charge and decrease with increasing propagation distance. The results provide an essential reference for studying the propagation law and effects on ground vibration waves produced by blast loading in an explosion vessel.
Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Based Biosensors for Detection of Bronchial Inflammation
Authors: Shashanka Indeevara Rajapakse Rajapakse Mudiyanselage , Rajapakse Sanath
Published: September 2021

Inflammation is a protective mechanism against invading pathogens and tissue damage. However, the inflammatory process is implicated in a wide range of diseases affecting all organs and body systems. Nitric oxide — a multifunctional signaling molecule that plays a critical role in systemic blood pressure homeostasis, prevention of platelet aggregation, antimicrobial resistance, immunoregulation, tumor suppression and as a neurotransmitter — is used as a surrogate marker for inflammation. However, the most commonly used Griess assay is an indirect and expensive method for the determination of nitric oxide concentration. Hence, single-walled carbon nanotube-based biosensors have been explored as real-time, sensitive, selective and safe methods to determine nitric oxide released during the inflammatory process. In this review, we explore current developments in single-walled carbon nanotube-based biosensors for the detection of nitric oxide in exhaled breath as a direct and noninvasive test for detection of bronchial inflammation.
Decision-Making with Multiple Interacting Criteria: An Indirect Elicitation of Preference Parameters Using Evolutionary Algorithms
Authors: Fernández Eduardo , Navarro Jorge , Solares Efrain
Published: September 2021

Decision-making problems often require characterization of alternatives through multiple criteria. In contexts where some of these criteria interact, the decision maker (DM) must consider the interaction effects during the aggregation of criteria scores. The well-known ELECTRE (ELimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalité) methods were recently improved to deal with interacting criteria fulfilling several relevant properties, addressing the main types of interaction, and retaining most of the fundamental characteristics of the classical methods. An important criticism to such a family of methods is that defining its parameter values is often difficult and can involve significant challenges and high cognitive effort for the DM; this is exacerbated in the improved version whose parameters are even less intuitive. Here, we describe an evolutionary-based method in which parameter values are inferred by exploiting easy-to-make decisions made or accepted by the DM, thereby reducing his/her cognitive effort. A genetic algorithm is proposed to solve a regression-inspired nonlinear optimization problem. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper addressing the indirect elicitation of the ELECTRE model’s parameters with interacting criteria. The proposal is assessed through both in-sample and out-of-sample experiments. Statistical tests indicate robustness of the proposal in terms of the number of criteria and their possible interactions. Results show almost perfect effectiveness to reproduce the DM’s preferences in all situations.
Energy and Quality Aware Multi-Objective Resource Allocation Algorithm in Cloud
Authors: Désiré Koné Kigninman , Dhib Eya , Tabbane Nabil , Asseu Olivier
Published: September 2021

Cloud gaming has become the new service provisioning prototype that hosts the video games in the cloud and broadcasts the interactive game streaming to the players through the Internet. Here, the cloud must use massive resources for video representation and its streaming when several simultaneous players reach a particular point. Alternatively, various players may have separate necessities on Quality-of Experience, like low delay, high-video quality, etc. The challenging task is providing better service by the fixed cloud resource. Hence, there is a necessity for an energy-aware multi-resource allocation in the cloud. This paper devises a Fractional Rider-Harmony search algorithm (Fractional Rider-HSA) for resource allocation in the cloud. The Fractional Rider-HSA combines fractional calculus, Rider Optimization algorithm (ROA), and HSA. Moreover, the fitness function, like mean opinion score (MOS), gaming experience loss, fairness, energy consumption, and network parameters, is considered to determine the optimal resource allocation. The proposed model produces the maximal MOS of 0.8961, maximal gaming experience loss (QE) of 0.998, maximal fairness of 0.9991, the minimum energy consumption of 0.3109, and minimal delay 0.2266, respectively.
On-device Prior Knowledge Incorporated Learning for Personalized Atrial Fibrillation Detection
Authors: Jia Zhenge , Shi Yiyu , Saba Samir , Hu Jingtong
Published: September 2021

Atrial Fibrillation (AF), one of the most prevalent arrhythmias, is an irregular heart-rate rhythm causing serious health problems such as stroke and heart failure. Deep learning based methods have been exploited to provide an end-to-end AF detection by automatically extracting features from Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal and achieve state-of-the-art results. However, the pre-trained models cannot adapt to each patient’s rhythm due to the high variability of rhythm characteristics among different patients. Furthermore, the deep models are prone to overfitting when fine-tuned on the limited ECG of the specific patient for personalization. In this work, we propose a prior knowledge incorporated learning method to effectively personalize the model for patient-specific AF detection and alleviate the overfitting problems. To be more specific, a prior-incorporated portion importance mechanism is proposed to enforce the network to learn to focus on the targeted portion of the ECG, following the cardiologists’ domain knowledge in recognizing AF. A prior-incorporated regularization mechanism is further devised to alleviate model overfitting during personalization by regularizing the fine-tuning process with feature priors on typical AF rhythms of the general population. The proposed personalization method embeds the well-defined prior knowledge in diagnosing AF rhythm into the personalization procedure, which improves the personalized deep model and eliminates the workload of manually adjusting parameters in conventional AF detection method. The prior knowledge incorporated personalization is feasibly and semi-automatically conducted on the edge, device of the cardiac monitoring system. We report an average AF detection accuracy of 95.3% of three deep models over patients, surpassing the pre-trained model by a large margin of 11.5% and the fine-tuning strategy by 8.6%.
ROBIN: A Robust Optical Binary Neural Network Accelerator
Authors: Sunny Febin P. , Mirza Asif , Nikdast Mahdi , Pasricha Sudeep
Published: September 2021

Domain specific neural network accelerators have garnered attention because of their improved energy efficiency and inference performance compared to CPUs and GPUs. Such accelerators are thus well suited for resource-constrained embedded systems. However, mapping sophisticated neural network models on these accelerators still entails significant energy and memory consumption, along with high inference time overhead. Binarized neural networks (BNNs), which utilize single-bit weights, represent an efficient way to implement and deploy neural network models on accelerators. In this paper, we present a novel optical-domain BNN accelerator, named
ROBIN
, which intelligently integrates heterogeneous microring resonator optical devices with complementary capabilities to efficiently implement the key functionalities in BNNs. We perform detailed fabrication-process variation analyses at the optical device level, explore efficient corrective tuning for these devices, and integrate circuit-level optimization to counter thermal variations. As a result, our proposed
ROBIN
architecture possesses the desirable traits of being robust, energy-efficient, low latency, and high throughput, when executing BNN models. Our analysis shows that
ROBIN
can outperform the best-known optical BNN accelerators and many electronic accelerators. Specifically, our energy-efficient
ROBIN
design exhibits energy-per-bit values that are ∼4 × lower than electronic BNN accelerators and ∼933 × lower than a recently proposed photonic BNN accelerator, while a performance-efficient
ROBIN
design shows ∼3 × and ∼25 × better performance than electronic and photonic BNN accelerators, respectively.
Gold–Copper Film Electrode for Voltammetry Determination of Mercury in Water
Authors: Nguyen Nhi Phuong Thi , Nguyen Hue Thi , Nguyen Hop Van , Hoang Long Thai
Published: September 2021

Gold-copper film electrode prepared in situ on carbon paste solid disk substrate (Au–CuF/CPE) was studied as a working electrode. The factors influencing mercury stripping peak currents, such as

C

Au

III

(0.20 mg/L),

C

Cu

II

(0.05 mg/L), type of acids and their concentration (HClO4, 0.005 M), deposition potential (-800 mV) for Au–CuF/CPE, deposition time (180 s), and interferents, were investigated and optimized. The method has a low limit of detection of 0.13 μg/L and is not affected significantly by the examined ions/substance. It was applied to detect the concentration of Hg in real water samples and is promising for practical usage.
A New Dual-Mode GEP Prediction Algorithm Based on Irregularity and Similar Period
Authors: Yang Lei , Xu Zexin , Xu Rui , Lu Jianfan , Xu Zhenlin , Li Kangshun
Published: September 2021

Gene expression programming (GEP) uses simple linear coding to solve complex modeling problems. However, the performance is limited by the effectiveness of the selected method of evaluating population individuals, the breadth and depth of the search domain for the solution, and the ability of accuracy of correcting the solution based on historical data. Therefore, a new dual-mode GEP prediction algorithm based on irregularity and similar period is proposed. It takes measures to specialize origin data to reserve the elite individuals, reevaluate the target individuals, and process data and solutions via the similar period mode, which avoids the tendency to get stuck in local optimum and the complexity of the precisions of correcting complex modeling problems due to insufficiency scope of the search domain, and subsequently, better convergence results are obtained. If we take the leek price and the sunspot observation data as the sample to compare the new algorithm with the GEP simulation test, the results indicate that the new algorithm possesses more powerful exploration ability and higher precision. Under the same accuracy requirements, the new algorithm can find the individual faster. Additionally, the conclusion can be drawn that the performance of new algorithm is better on the condition that we take another set of sunspot observations as samples, combining the ARIMA algorithm and BP neural network prediction algorithm for simulation and comparison with the new algorithm.
A New Method Based on Boundary Element Method to Appraise CO2 Geological Storage Potential in Depleted Shale Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Shi Junjie , Cheng Linsong , Cao Chong , Cao Renyi , Wang Deqiang , Liu Gaoling
Published: September 2021

In recent years, greenhouse gases have increased in the atmosphere, and climate change concerns have triggered global efforts to find solutions for CO2 capture, separation, transport, and storage. Geological sequestration in the depleted unconventional reservoir is an effective measure to reduce the atmosphere’s CO2 content. The exact evaluation of the CO2 storage capacity can verify the feasibility of storing carbon dioxide and parameter optimization. A reasonable boundary element method to estimating the CO2 storage capacity of depleted shale gas reservoirs considering arbitrarily shaped boundaries is introduced. Firstly, the physical model with fracture networks is built based on the microseismic data. Then, the flow equation including the matrix and fracture can be obtained considering adsorption, and the star-delta transformation is used to deal with interconnected fracture segments. The point source function with an infinite boundary can be obtained after the Laplace transform method. Finally, the semianalytical flow solution is obtained by using the boundary element method in the Laplace region. Moreover, the results have a high agreement with commercial software for the regular boundary. The sensitivity of relevant parameters is analyzed by this method, and the importance of considering the boundary shape is emphasized. This method can evaluate the CO2 storage capacity of formation with the irregular boundary and is regarded as the guide of parameter optimization in CO2 storage.
[Retracted] Research on Cultural Communication in College English Teaching Based on Wireless Communication and Multimedia Network Technology
Authors: Li Yun
Published: September 2021

In the context of the rapid development of wireless communication and information technology, the network has greatly shortened the actual spatial distances around the world. Multimedia technology and wireless communication, as an important branch of information technology, can better connect people and the network, exploding very powerful energy in the field of education. This research analyzes the cultural communication function of wireless communication and multimedia network technology in university teaching, especially English teaching. At this stage, almost all universities in our country are using multimedia technology to assist teaching, and even many teachers believe that multimedia has become a necessary foundation for the in‐depth development of the “teaching‐learning” interaction in colleges and universities in the information age. The demand for English talents in the Chinese labor market is dominated by application‐oriented talents, but the purpose of English teaching in many schools is still in the reality of traditional research‐based teaching. It is concluded that the root of this contradiction lies in the disconnection between the cultivation of talents in universities and the needs of society. The experimental results show that if the advantages of wireless communication and multimedia network technology can be fully utilized, the teaching efficiency of cultural communication in college English teaching can be increased by 22%. This article also analyzes, discusses, and summarizes the methods and approaches of cultural dissemination to enrich academic research results.
Comparison of Simulated and True Keratometry Measurements Using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography and Dual Scheimpflug–Placido Imaging
Authors: Urias Elizabeth A. , Polychronopoulou Efstathia , Pandit Rahul T.
Published: September 2021

Purpose. To compare simulated and total keratometry and corneal astigmatism values between the IOLMaster 700 and Galilei G4 devices. Methods. A retrospective chart review was conducted for all patients undergoing phacoemulsification by a single surgeon (RTP) from March through September 2020 and who underwent imaging with both the IOLMaster 700 and Galilei G4. Exclusion criteria were prior corneal surgery, keratectatic diseases and inability to obtain a reliable image during image acquisition. Mean, flat, and steep keratometry values as well as astigmatism magnitude were compared. Results. A total of 200 eyes of 100 patients were included. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were moderate or high for all variables. Mean difference ± SD in SimK and TrueK between devices (G4-IOLM) was 0.05 ± 0.318 diopters and −1.1156 ± 0.438 diopters, respectively (

p
<
0.05

for both). The IOLM measured steeper TrueK value than the G4. For SimK, there was a statistically significant difference between devices only for mean keratometry (K), whereas for TrueK, there were significant differences in flat K, steep K, and mean K. Astigmatism analysis revealed a difference in mean (±SD) SimK of 0.07 (±0.57) D at 94 degrees and in mean TrueK of 0.04 (±0.85) D at 108 degrees. Conclusion. Though there is overall good correlation between the IOLMaster 700 and Galilei G4 in SimK and astigmatism measurements, there is a significant difference in TrueK measurements, with the IOLM measuring steeper values by about 1.0 diopter as compared to the G4.
Edible Oil Parameters during Deterioration Processes
Authors: Flores Marcos , Avendaño Victoria , Bravo Jessica , Valdés Cristian , Forero-Doria Oscar , Quitral Vilma , Vilcanqui Yesica , Ortiz-Viedma Jaime
Published: September 2021

With the continuous increase in research on lipids, technologies and the development of chemical-analytical methods associated with the characterization and monitoring of different processes that involve modifications in edible fats are increasing. The beneficial effect of lipids, especially those essential for the health of the population, is widely known. However, degradation compounds are also produced that eventually have negative effects. In this dual context, the monitoring of the changes suffered by nutritional compounds can be obtained thanks to the development of technologies and analytical methods applied to the study of lipids. The modifications that lipids undergo can be followed by a wide variety of methods, ranging from the basic ones associated with simple chemical titrations to the more complex ones associated with sophisticated laboratory equipment. These determinations involve chemical and/or physical quantification of lipids to know an initial condition on the major and minor components. In addition to technologies that allow monitoring during more complex processes such as thermal deterioration, in multiple conditions depending on the objective of the study, this review could benefit a comprehensive understanding of lipid deterioration for future developments and research in the study of fats and oils for human consumption.
Energy‐Efficient Resource Allocation for NOMA‐Enabled Internet of Vehicles
Authors: Chen Xin , Ma Zhuo , Ma Teng , Liu Xu , Chen Ying
Published: September 2021

With the rapid development of Internet of vehicles (IoV) technology, the distribution of vehicles on the highway becomes more dense and the highly reliable communication between vehicles becomes more important. Nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a promising technology to meet the multiple access volume and the high reliability communication demands of IoV. To meet the Vehicle‐to‐Vehicle (V2V) communication requirements, a NOMA‐based IoV system is proposed. Firstly, a NOMA‐based resource allocation model in IoV is developed to maximize the energy efficiency (EE) of the system. Secondly, the established model is transformed into a Markov decision process (MDP) model and a deep reinforcement learning‐based subchannel and power allocation (DSPA) algorithm is designed. An event trigger block is used to reduce computation time. Finally, the simulation results show that NOMA can significantly improve the system performance compared to orthogonal multiaccess, and the proposed DSPA algorithm can significantly improve the system EE and reduce the computation time.
Clinicopathological Analysis of Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: A Single-Institution Retrospective Review of 9 Cases
Authors: Sağnıç Saliha , Birge Özer , Bakır Mehmet Sait , Karadag Ceyda , Şimşek Tayup
Published: September 2021

Aim. To evaluate the clinicopathological features affecting the recurrence and survival of 9 cases of neuroendocrine cancer of the cervix. Method. We retrospectively analyzed 9 cervical neuroendocrine cancer cases identified among 453 cervical cancer patients between 2004 and 2021 at Akdeniz University Gynecological Oncology Outpatient Clinic. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Mathematical functions of mean, standard deviation, median, Min–Max values, and frequencies were used for descriptive statistics. The categorical data were expressed in numbers and percentages (%). Results. Nine patients with neuroendocrine histological subtype were selected out of 453 patients diagnosed with cervical cancer (1.98%). The average overall survival time of the patients was 26 months. The 5-year survival rate was 53.3%, while the PFS was 62.5%. The most common subtype was small cell neuroendocrine cancer. Tumours were mostly locally advanced at the time of diagnosis. 3 patients’ stage was 1b2, while 4 patients were 2b, 1 patient was 3c2r, and 1 patient was 4b. All tumours showed the immunohistochemical staining properties of neuroendocrine cancer. The main treatment modality applied to our patients was surgery + adjuvant CRT. The most used chemotherapeutic agents were cisplatin/carboplatin and etoposide. Recurrence was found in 3 cases, including 5 deaths. Conclusion. Neuroendocrine tumour of the cervix is a rare subtype with a poor prognosis. Unfortunately, there is not yet a standard treatment protocol due to the limited number of comparative studies of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy based treatment schemes.
Unconfined and Triaxial Compression Tests on Hollowed Cylindrical Sandstones to Explore the Infilling Effects on the Deformation and Mechanical Behaviors
Authors: Liu Yong , Li Xiao , Weng Lei , Wu Qiuhong , Wang Haifan
Published: September 2021

In practical engineering, the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock often reflect the bearing capacity of the support. To investigate the relations between the surrounding rock and the support, solid specimens, hollowed cylinders, and hollowed cylinders filled with two kinds of cement mortars are tested under unconfined and conventional triaxial compressions. The effects of the infilling on the stress‐strain curves, deformation features, mechanical properties, and failure patterns are schematically investigated. The results show that under the triaxial compression condition, each infilled specimen exhibits obvious residual carrying capacity though a slight stress drop occurs after the peak stress. The cement mortar exerts a positive effect on the carrying capacity of the rock, and the infilling having a higher strength and stiffness contributes to a more pronounced enhancement of the overall strength of the specimens. Under the triaxial compression condition, merely a dominated shear fracture can be seen on the surfaces, and with relatively high confining pressure (σ3 = 20 and 30 MPa), both the rock and cement mortar were cut into two parts by the dominated shear fracture. The laboratory tests in this study provide a simple and feasible way of investigating the interaction of the support system with the surrounding rock.
Restoring Force Model Research on Joint of Circular Tubed Steel‐Reinforced Concrete Column
Authors: Dai Yan , Nie Shaofeng , Zhou Tianhua , Xu Yichun , Peng Jingrong
Published: September 2021

In this paper, two joints of circular tubed steel‐reinforced concrete (CTSRC) column were designed. The load‐displacement hysteretic curve and skeleton curve of this new type of joint are obtained by the pseudostatic test under low cycle cyclic load on the top of the column. The results show that this new type of joint has good seismic energy dissipation performance. On the basis of the test, a three‐fold skeleton curve model considering three characteristic points of yield, limit, and failure is proposed, and the expression of skeleton curve model is given. The load and unload stiffness degradation law of specimens under reciprocating load is studied, and the expression of stiffness degradation law is given. The hysteresis law of the new type joint specimens is described in detail. The validity of the model is verified by comparing the experimental curve with the model curve. The model can be used in the elastic‐plastic seismic time‐history analysis on the joint of circular tubed steel‐reinforced concrete (CTSRC) column.
Thermal Design and Verification of Spherical Scientific Satellite Q-SAT
Authors: He Yunhan , Li Boxin , Wang Zhaokui , Zhang Yulin
Published: September 2021

Small satellites have gradually become an important mean of space scientific exploration. The Tsinghua University developed a spherical small satellite, Q-SAT, which is aimed at detecting the Earth gravity and atmosphere parameters. In the current paper, thermal control for Q-SAT is discussed. For heat exchange between the satellite and the environment, radiation plays the main part. Different from traditional cuboid satellites, the current spherical satellite has no individual heat input and output plane which brings challenges to the thermal design of the satellite. In addition, the cost of small satellites is required to be as low as possible. A passive thermal control solution based on integrated spherical structure is employed on the Q-SAT. The combination of two integrated hemispheres is designed to facilitate the heat conduction. Different materials are utilized to control the heat transfer path. Firstly, a set of numerical simulations demonstrate that the current design can be well adapted to complex flight environment. Next, the thermal design is verified by thermal tests. As the traditional heat radiation lamps cannot meet the test requirements of the spherical satellite, an external heat flow test method which is based on distributed heaters is proposed. Results from numerical simulations agree well with the experimental test results. Both results show that the thermal system can guarantee the functions of the satellite. Q-SAT was successfully launched into orbit on August 6, 2020. The telemetry data from Q-SAT verified the effectiveness of the satellite thermal system. The thermal design and test method proposed in present paper can potentially be adopted to other small scientific satellites as well.
Atypical Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus in an African-American Male
Authors: Gill Harpreet S. , Beinhoff Paul , Grond Sarah , Dhariwal Mohan S. , Jha Pinky
Published: September 2021

Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome (BRBNS), also known as Bean Syndrome, is a rare condition characterized by vascular ectasias that typically present systemically. Most diagnoses are made in early childhood due to cutaneous lesions in Caucasians with familial inheritance. Treatment is usually patient centered due to the wide variance in clinical presentation of the disease. Here, we present a case of BRBNS in a 65-year-old African-American patient with episodic gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding with no previous history. This case emphasizes the need for a higher clinical suspicion of the disease in patients with recurrent GI bleeding.
Power Control of High Penetration PV in Distribution Network
Authors: Hosseini Hemati Saman , Mohammadi Ashkan
Published: September 2021

Photovoltaic energy is one of the fastest growing renewable energy sources in the worldand as the issue of energy security is becoming more and more important it could be a promising option. But as photovoltaic energy is becoming widespread and penetration level of photovoltaic power plants increase, issues rise in distribution networks.In this paper a power control scheme for a high penetration photovoltaic power plant in a radial distribution network will be presented. This control scheme includes an efficient Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), DC link voltage control by managing power balance between the hysteresis controlled inverter and a boost converter. Another aspect of High Penetration PV (HPPV) which is overvoltage in Point of Common Coupling (PCC) is also investigated and maximum allowable Penetration Level (PL) will be determined. Simulations have been done in Matlab/Simulink environment.
Assessment of Equal and Unequal Amplitude Carriers for a 1Φ Five Level Flying Capacitor Multilevel Inverter
Authors: Sureshpandiarajan P. , Natarajan S.P , Balamurugan C.R. , Ramasamy K.
Published: September 2021

This work presents the comparison of various Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) techniques for the chosen single phase half bridge FCMLI (Flying Capacitor Multi Level Inverter). In this paper, a single phase half bridge flying capacitor multilevel inverter is controlled with sinusoidal, THI (Third Harmonic Injection), Trapezoidal and TAR (Trapezoidal Amalgamated Reference)reference with Equal Amplitude Carriers (EAC) and UEAC (Un Equal Amplitude Carriers). The proposed EAC and UEAC is applied for various PWM strategies. The PWM methods used for the analysis are PD (Phase Disposition) PWM, POD (Phase Opposition and Disposition) PWM, APOD (Alternative Phase Opposition and Disposition) PWM and CO (Carrier Overlapping) PWM with EAC and UEAC. For all the PWM methods and references the UEAC produces less THD and higher fundamental RMS (Root Mean Square) values except for ma =1. For ma =1 the EAC provides less THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) and higher fundamental RMS (Root Mean Square) values for all the PWM methods and references. To validate the developed technique, simulations are carried out through Power System Block Set.
Proposed SMART Traffic Control Signal in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Mulung Bibi Rawiyah , Maseleno Andino
Published: September 2021

This paper presents proposed SMART (Systematic Monitoring of Arterial Road Traffic Signals) traffic control signal in Brunei Darussalam. Traffic congestion due to stops and delays at traffic light signals has much been complained about in Brunei Darussalam as well as across the world during the recent years. There are primarily two types of traffic signal controls in Brunei Darussalam. The most common one is the fixed or pre-timed signal operation traffic light and the other one is the actuated signal operation traffic light. Although the actuated signal control is more efficient than the fixed or pre-fixed signal control in the sense that it provides fewer stops and delays to traffic on the major arteries, the best option for Brunei Darussalam would be to introduce smart traffic control signal. This type of traffic signal uses artificial intelligence to take the appropriate action by adjusting the times in real time to minimise the delay in the intersection while also coordinating with intersections in the neighbourhood. SMART Signal simultaneously collects event-based high-resolution traffic data from multiple intersections and generates real-time signal performance measures, including arterial travel time, number of stops, queue length, intersection delay, and level of service. In Brunei Darussalam, where we have numerous intersections where several arterial roads are linked to one another, The SMART signal traffic control method should be implemented.
Phonemes Classification Using the Spectrum
Authors: El Ghazi Ahmed , Daoui Cherki
Published: September 2021

In this work, we present an automatic speech classification system for the Tamazight phonemes. We based on the spectrum presentation of the speech signal to model these phonemes. We have used an oral database of Tamazight phonemes. To test the system’s performances, we calculate the classification rate. The obtained results are satisfactory in comparison with the reference database and the quality of speech files.
An Approach to Implement Cost Efficient Space Detection Technology with Lower Complexity for Smart Parking System
Authors: Singh Himal Pratap , Uniyal Om Prakash , Joshi Kireet
Published: September 2021

As the population of world is growing day by day, there is a rapid increment in the vehicle production. With the increase in number of the vehicles, more parking spaces and efficient ways of parking are required. In the proposed system, a new and cost efficient way of finding the free spaces in parking lot is proposed and also different space detection technologies are compared. This system will be helpful for the drivers in finding the vacant spaces in the car parking lots using a simple technology in which a balloon will be used to determine the vacant parking spaces. Since this technology is cost efficient and effective,this system is termed as smart parking system.
Image Mosaicing Technique for Wide Angle Panorama
Authors: Divya G. , Chandrasekhar Ch.
Published: September 2021

Images are integral part in our daily lives. With a normal camera it is not possible to get a wide angle panorama with high resolution. Image Mosaicing is one of the novel techniques, for combining two or more images of the same scene taken in different views into one image. In the dark areas, the obtained image is a panoramic image with high resolution without mask. But in the case of lighting areas, the resultant image is generating mask. In order to gets wide angle panorama, in the existing system, extracting feature points, finding the best stitching line, Cluster Analysis (CA) and Dynamic Programming (DP) methods are used. Also used Weighted Average (WA) method for smooth stitching results and also eliminate intensity seam effectively. In the proposed system, to get feature extraction and feature matching SIFT (Scaled Invariant Feature Transform) algorithm used. In this process, outliers can be generated. RANSAC (Random Sample Consensus) is used for detecting the outliers from the resultant image. Masking is significantly reduced by using Algebraic Reconstruction Techniques (ART).