bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel ML-driven test case selection approach for enhancing the performance of grammatical evolution
Authors: Gupt Krishn Kumar , Kshirsagar Meghana , Dias Douglas Mota , Sullivan Joseph P. , Ryan Conor
Published: June 2024

Computational cost in metaheuristics such as Evolutionary Algorithm (EAs) is often a major concern, particularly with their ability to scale. In data-based training, traditional EAs typically use a significant portion, if not all, of the dataset for model training and fitness evaluation in each generation. This makes EA suffer from high computational costs incurred during the fitness evaluation of the population, particularly when working with large datasets. To mitigate this issue, we propose a Machine Learning (ML)-driven Distance-based Selection (DBS) algorithm that reduces the fitness evaluation time by optimizing test cases. We test our algorithm by applying it to 24 benchmark problems from Symbolic Regression (SR) and digital circuit domains and then using Grammatical Evolution (GE) to train models using the reduced dataset. We use GE to test DBS on SR and produce a system flexible enough to test it on digital circuit problems further. The quality of the solutions is tested and compared against state-of-the-art and conventional training methods to measure thecoverageof training data selected using DBS, i.e., how well the subset matches the statistical properties of the entire dataset. Moreover, the effect of optimized training data on run time and the effective size of the evolved solutions is analyzed. Experimental and statistical evaluations of the results show our method empowered GE to yield superior or comparable solutions to the baseline (using the full datasets) with smaller sizes and demonstrates computational efficiency in terms of speed.
Gut microbiota: a potential new regulator of hypertension
Authors: Ge Yanmin , Wang Jiaxin , Wu Lincong , Wu Junduo
Published: June 2024

Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and has become a global public health concern. Although hypertension results from a combination of factors, the specific mechanism is still unclear. However, increasing evidence suggests that gut microbiota is closely associated with the development of hypertension. We provide a summary of the composition and physiological role of gut microbiota. We then delve into the mechanism of gut microbiota and its metabolites involved in the occurrence and development of hypertension. Finally, we review various regimens for better-controlling hypertension from the diet, exercise, drugs, antibiotics, probiotics, and fecal transplantation perspectives.
Interannual variability of the hydrology on the Sardinia shelf
Authors: Sorgente Roberto , Pessini Federica , Drago Aldo Francis , Ribotti Alberto , Genovese Simona , Barra Marco , Perilli Angelo , Quattrocchi Giovanni , Cucco Andrea , Fontana Ignazio , Giacalone Giovanni , Basilone Gualtiero , Di Maio Antonia , Esposito Angelo , Bonanno Angelo
Published: June 2024

The interannual variability of the physical properties of the shelf waters in Sardinia, western Mediterranean Sea, is studied by using hydrological data gathered during three oceanographic cruises: two in late summer of 2019 and 2021 respectively and another one in early autumn of 2020. The data consist of vertical profiles of salinity and potential temperature acquired by a multiparametric probe for a total of 171 casts performed along a set of transects extending from the nearshore to the continental slope, up to the depth of 200 m. Satellite remote sensing and numerical modelling oceanographic products support the phenomenological analysis. Atlantic Water, characterised by low salinity signatures (S<37.0), is detected in the surface waters of the southwestern shelf areas, induced by the Algerian Eddies, and with differences between years. It is also observed on the southern-eastern and north-eastern shelf areas of Sardinia, mainly driven by the interaction with large-scale circulation features like the southeast Sardinia Gyre and the Bonifacio Gyre. An upwelling phenomenology is identified as one of the major features of the coastal circulation on the western shelf area. The study provides the first assessment of the thermohaline features on the Sardinian shelf; an enhanced contribution to the current knowledge of the coastal sea phenomena, and contributes to numerical modelling applications and implementations for ecosystem services.
Search for unknown neural link between the masticatory and cognitive brain systems to clarify the involvement of its impairment in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kang Youngnam , Toyoda Hiroki , Saito Mitsuru
Published: June 2024

Brain degenerations in sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are observed earliest in the locus coeruleus (LC), a population of noradrenergic neurons, in which hyperphosphorylated tau protein expression and β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation begin. Along with this, similar changes occur in the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, such as the nucleus basalis of Meynert. Neuronal degeneration of the two neuronal nuclei leads to a decrease in neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, which results in the accumulation of Aβ and hyperphosphorylated tau protein and ultimately causes neuronal cell death in those cortices. On the other hand, a large number of epidemiological studies have shown that tooth loss or masticatory dysfunction is a risk factor for dementia including AD, and numerous studies using experimental animals have also shown that masticatory dysfunction causes brain degeneration in the basal forebrain, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex similar to those observed in human AD, and that learning and memory functions are impaired accordingly. However, it remains unclear how masticatory dysfunction can induce such brain degeneration similar to AD, and the neural mechanism linking the trigeminal nervous system responsible for mastication and the cognitive and memory brain system remains unknown. In this review paper, we provide clues to the search for such “missing link” by discussing the embryological, anatomical, and physiological relationship between LC and its laterally adjoining mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus which plays a central role in the masticatory functions.
Endovascular treatment for basilar artery occlusion: whether the “weekend effect” affects time metrics and clinical outcomes at a comprehensive stroke center
Authors: Bao Jianying , Shen Guangchen , Shi Haibin , Lin Zheng , Liu Sheng
Published: June 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate whether the “weekend effect” would affect the time metrics and the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients who underwent endovascular treatment (EVT) due to basilar artery occlusion (BAO).

Methods

Clinical data of AIS patients who underwent EVT due to BAO between December 2019 and July 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. At the time when the patients were admitted, the study population was divided into the weekdays daytime group and weekends nighttime group. In the subgroup analysis, the study cohort was divided into four groups: the weekdays daytime group, weekdays nighttime group, weekend daytime group, and weekend nighttime group. A good outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of ≤3 at 90 days after EVT. Time metrics [e.g. onset-to-door time (ODT) and door-to-puncture time (DPT)] and clinical outcomes were compared using appropriate statistical methods.

Results

A total of 111 patients (88 male patients, mean age, 67.7 ± 11.7 years) were included. Of these, 37 patients were treated during weekdays daytime, while 74 patients were treated during nights or weekends. There were no statistically significant differences in ODT (P = 0.136), DPT (P = 0.931), and also clinical outcomes (P = 0.826) between the two groups. Similarly, we found no significant differences in the time metrics and clinical outcomes among the four sub-groups (all P > 0.05).

Conclusion

This study did not reveal any influence of the “weekend effect” on the time metrics and clinical outcomes in AIS patients who underwent EVT due to BAO at a comprehensive stroke center.
Paradigma socio-crítico en la gestión científico-pedagógica de la atención a educandos con necesidades educativas especiales
Authors: Martinez-Rosales Yamilé , Gross-Tur Ramiro
Published: June 2024

Este artículo explora nuevas concepciones que demandan una transformación de la práctica pedagógica y científico investigativa de los docentes, enfocándose en la necesidad de pensamientos y sentimientos inclusivos para fomentar escuelas verdaderamente inclusivas. El objetivo es fundamentar el proceso de gestión científico-pedagógica en la atención psicopedagógica a educandos con necesidades educativas especiales dentro de la educación regular, a través del análisis del paradigma sociocrítico. Utilizando un enfoque hermenéutico y métodos como revisión documental, análisis-síntesis e inducción-deducción, el estudio identifica las oportunidades y beneficios de adoptar el paradigma sociocrítico. Este paradigma promueve un enfoque de transformación social que facilita el cambio y la búsqueda de igualdad, defendiendo la participación activa de individuos y comunidades en la identificación de problemas sociales y en la búsqueda de soluciones. Se concluye que los postulados del paradigma sociocrítico ofrecen un enfoque global y flexible, crucial para promover el cambio social y la igualdad.
Promoción de salud y calidad de vida del adulto mayor
Authors: Maceo Chacón Niuvis , Brito Creach Belkis
Published: June 2024

Palma Soriano es el municipio en la provincia Santiago de Cuba, de mayor índice de personas envejecidas, es responsabilidad del Estado cubano e instituciones brindar atención a éstas personas; las universidades dentro de ellas juegan un papel primordial. El objetivo de la investigación es describir el comportamiento de la promoción de salud en el adulto mayor a través de un grupo de variables: edad, sexo, patologías asociadas y vías de adquisición de conocimientos sobre sus enfermedades. La metodología empleada consistió en un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo transversal del comportamiento de la calidad de vida de los beneficiarios del sistema de casa de abuelos de una de éstas instituciones del municipio, la casa “Deseos de vivir”, del Consejo Popular Oscar Lucero. Los resultados obtenidos están en mayor prevalencia del sexo masculino, con edades entre 71 y 90 años, la mayor incidencia de patologías estuvo dada por la hipertensión arterial y la osteoartrosis; teniendo como vía de adquisición del conocimiento de ellas al médico de la familia, médico especialista, radio, televisión y prensa escrita, destacando el bajo nivel de acceso a las redes sociales.
Yönetici Kişilik Özellikleri ve İletişim Becerilerinin Turist Rehberlerinin İşten Ayrılma Niyetlerine Etkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: Aslan Yiğit , Pamukcu Huseyin
Published: June 2024

Amaç ve Önem: Bu araştırmanın temel amacı yönetici kişilik özellikleri ve iletişim becerilerinin turist rehberlerinin işten ayrılma niyetleri üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Turizm sektöründe yaşanan zor çalışma şartları, sektör çalışanlarını etkilemektedir ve buna bağlı olarak turist rehberlerinin büyük bir kesimi gelecek kaygısı içerisinde hayatlarını sürdürmektedir. Bu durumun sonucu olarak da mesleği bırakma durumları yaşanabilmektedir. Bu çalışmayı var literatürde yer alan diğer çalışmalardan farklı kılan temel unsur; turist rehberlerinin kendi yöneticilerini değerlendirecek olmasıdır. Bununla beraber, araştırma sonuçlarının hem yapılacak olan çalışmalara hem de sektör yöneticilerine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Yöntem: Ankara Turist Rehberleri Odasına bağlı olarak faaliyet gösteren 222 eylemli turist rehberi bu araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama tekniği olarak anket kullanılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen verilerin analizleri Ocak 2022 ile Haziran 2022 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılardan elde edilen veriler, ilk olarak veri analiz programına aktarılarak geçerlilik (Faktör analizi) ve güvenilirlik (Cronbach Alpha) analizleri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonrasında verilerin normal dağılıma sahip olup olmadığı test edilerek, ilişki ve etki ölçüm testleri ile araştırma hipotezleri test edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Araştırmada temel olarak, yönetici kişilik özellikleri ve iletişim becerilerinin turist rehberlerinin işten ayrılma niyeti üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Özgünlük/Bilimsel Katkı: Elde edilen bulgular, benzer değişkenleri konu edinen çok sınırlı sayıdaki araştırma sonuçlar ile paralellik göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte bu çalışmanın literatürde yer alan diğer çalışmalardan farkı, yönetici kişilik özellikleri ve iletişim becerilerinin turist rehberlerinin işten ayrılma niyetlerine etkisini ortaya koyması ve turist rehberlerinin, kendi yöneticilerini kişilik özellikleri ve iletişim becerileri bağlamında değerlendirmiş olmasıdır. Bu bağlamda ise, söz konusu araştırma gelecekte yapılabilecek çalışmalar için bir kaynak oluşturmaktadır.
Virtualización del tratamiento contra el tabaquismo en un Centro de Integración Juvenil
Authors: Macias Jesús Velázquez , Escobedo José Luis Carrera , Torres Claudia Guadalupe Lara , Dávila José Alberto Vela , Dominguez Oscar Cruz
Published: June 2024

Esta investigación presenta la implementación de un chat Bot, diseñado para gestionar el tratamiento contra el tabaquismo. El estudio se realizó dentro de un Centro de Integración Juvenil con pacientes con un tratamiento activo para dejar de fumar, esto con el objetivo de determinar el impacto que tiene el uso de un Bot de Telegram para la gestión del tratamiento contra el tabaquismo. El uso del Bot sustituye los procesos tradicionales de gestión de tratamiento, agilizando las tareas de registro y consulta, apoyándose en plataformas tecnológicas de uso libre, con el fin de simplificar y agilizar la gestión del tratamiento. La recolección de datos se llevó a través de instrumentos del tipo cuestionario y con el uso de algunas pruebas paramétricas se llegó a los siguientes resultados; la herramienta por sí misma y la plataforma web que la respaldó, apoyaron de forma significativa a los profesionales de salud a mejorar la gestión del tratamiento, ahorrando tiempo y recursos materiales durante la ejecución del estudio.
Entre vírgenes y huachas: intersecciones entre religiosidad popular y el huachismo en la cultura chilena
Authors: Jiménez Jeniffer Aceituno
Published: June 2024

El presente artículo analiza las condiciones históricas que propiciaron la emergencia de la figura de la huacha en Chile, explorando el impacto de la religiosidad popular, especialmente la devoción mariana, en su configuración. Se identifica una sólida intersección entre la religión de la época y la identidad de los huachos, quienes hallaban en la fe y la devoción religiosa un refugio emocional, una conexión con lo divino y una comunidad que les brindaba acogida y pertenencia. Asimismo, la religión, en particular el culto a la Virgen María y los milagros asociados a ella, proporcionaba una forma de legitimación y reconocimiento en una sociedad que los estigmatizaba como inferiores o ilegítimos. El análisis de dos textos literarios respalda estas premisas y revela cómo la construcción social de la identidad de la huacha, respaldada por el cristianismo, contribuyó al ocultamiento de la identidad plena de la mujer chilena, confinándola exclusivamente a su rol de madre. Este estudio no solo arroja luz sobre la complejidad de las relaciones entre religión, identidad y marginalidad en la historia chilena, sino que también subraya la necesidad de revisar y reevaluar los constructos sociales que perpetúan la exclusión y la discriminación.
Contribution of field schools to extensionism in Mexico
Authors: Iñiguez Pedro Cadena , Guerra Mariano Morales , Hernández Rafael Rodriguez , Rejón José Gabriel Berdugo , Flores Rafael Ariza
Published: June 2024

Extensionism in Mexico until 2000 was unidirectional, without taking into account the user of the technology or the processes to be transferred. After the introduction of the Field School Model to Mexico, the way of doing extensionism changed, the National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research (INIFAP), since that year in the implementation of said model and 20 years later through the FORDECyT Projects, Territorial Development (PRODETER) and then through the technical support strategy (EAT ) inserted at the national level as part of the methodology to carry out an extension where the producers were not users but subjects and beneficiaries of the extension process, that is, based on their problems, they decide what to do in their Family Production Units with the technological options available at your disposal. The results indicate that through Field Schools and “learning-by-doing” there is a greater understanding of the technologies and greater expectations of their adoption, given that they work with producers over 53 years old on average. The objective of this work is to relate how this model has permeated public policies and has been inserted into the taste of producers in three strategies of bringing technologies to producers in the Mexican Republic and its contribution to food self-sufficiency and less dependence on external inputs based on the agroecological transition and more environmentally friendly practices.
Influencia en las propiedades mecánicas del concreto liviano f’c=210kg/cm2, incorporando pumita de la cantera Los Olivos, Arequipa 2024
Authors: Cuarite Habacuc Ricardo Choquehuanca , Mann Luis Alfonso Juan Barrantes
Published: June 2024

Este estudio tiene como propósito analizar el impacto en las características mecánicas del concreto liviano con una resistencia de 210 kg/cm2 al incluir pumita en su composición en la ciudad de Arequipa. La investigación empleó un diseño experimental con un enfoque cuantitativo y evaluó 108 probetas de concreto. Del laboratorio se adquirió que la resistencia a compresión al adicionar pumita al 15%, 20% y 25% presenta variaciones de 48.69%, 62.58% y 66.19%, en relación al concreto patrón. En lo referente a la característica de la flexión se obtuvo que al adicionar pumita al concreto esta presenta una variación porcentual de -15.15% en comparación al concreto patrón, sin embargo, al aumentar pumita en porcentajes de 20% y 25% la variación respecto al patrón es prácticamente mínima. Es decir, si influye de manera positiva al aumentar pumita en el concreto en porcentajes de 20% y 25%. En lo relacionado a la característica a la tracción se obtuvo que al acrecentar 15% esta incide en la resistencia a la tracción en un 31.25%, al adicionar 20% de pumita esta incide en la resistencia en un 50.35% y al adicionar 25% de pumita esta afecta en la resistencia a la tracción en un 56.25%, es decir existe una relación directamente proporcional entre la adición de pumita y la reducción de la característica mecánica a la tracción. Finalmente, al acrecentar pumita al concreto en porcentajes de 15%, 20% y 25% logra optimizar el peso del concreto hasta en un 21.22% en contraste al concreto patrón.
Aplicativo para avaliação de risco de lesão por pressão com a escala de Braden QD
Authors: Insfran Valéria Santos , Blanes Leila , Nicodemo Denise
Published: June 2024

Introdução: Um dos tipos de lesão de pele prevalentes em crianças é a lesão por pressão. No intuito de contribuir com a prevenção de lesões por pressão na pediatria, torna-se necessário a elaboração de um aplicativo que facilite o uso da escala de Braden QD. Objetivo: Desenvolver aplicativo para o uso da escala de Braden QD na avaliação de risco de lesão por pressão em crianças. Método: Estudo descritivo para o desenvolvimento do aplicativo. Para a sua elaboração foi utilizado o método Design Thinking. Na fase descobrir, realizou-se busca de anterioridade e levantamento bibliográfico, não sendo encontrados aplicativos similares. Na fase definir, executou-se a elaboração, seleção e organização do conteúdo. Na fase desenvolver, foi estruturado o aplicativo juntamente com a seleção das imagens e validado pelo método Delphi, com o uso de questionário para análise do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo. Na fase entregar, seguiu-se com a disponibilização gratuita do aplicativo para download e divulgação. Resultados:  O conteúdo do aplicativo foi validado na primeira rodada, com obtenção de IVC geral de 0,96. Foi denominado “DERMAPED” e fornece a escala de Braden QD ao profissional de saúde visando otimizar a avaliação de risco de desenvolvimento de lesão por pressão na população pediátrica. Conclusão: Foi desenvolvido o aplicativo “DERMAPED” para o uso da escala de Braden QD na avaliação de risco de lesão por pressão em crianças.
Endividamento na terceira idade: um estudo sobre a influência da educação financeira na adesão de empréstimos consignados por aposentados do inss no município de São João da Barra – RJ
Authors: Silva Chesil Batista , Maciel Letícia Carvalho , Pereira Brenda Coutinho , Pessanha Júlia Moreira da Silva , Reis Túlio Baita dos
Published: June 2024

A falta de conhecimento financeiro aliada ao baixo nível de escolaridade pode comprometer a compreensão dos aspectos relacionados à gestão financeira e aos riscos envolvidos nas transações econômicas. Muitos idosos encontram-se em situações de vulnerabilidade financeira, com dificuldades em equilibrar suas despesas e receitas, o que os leva a recorrer a empréstimos como forma de suprir suas necessidades básicas ou lidar com imprevistos. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é analisar a relação entre a falta de conhecimento financeiro e o endividamento na terceira idade. Para o alcance deste objetivo foram coletados dados e informações, através de um formulário aplicado aos aposentados do INSS de São João da Barra - RJ, a fim de analisar e compreender os principais motivos do endividamento na terceira idade e o processo decisório dos idosos enquanto consumidores. Os resultados revelaram a existência de uma correlação entre a falta de conhecimento financeiro, a baixa escolaridade e o endividamento desmedido na terceira idade, com possíveis impactos na segurança e saúde destes indivíduos.
Desarrollo de la refrigeración
Authors: Miss Mauricio Ivan Huchin , Sierra Juan Carlos Ovando , Notario Germán Escalante , Zárraga Francisco Román Lezama , Martínez Francisco Olmos
Published: June 2024

El presente trabajo incluye el estado del arte desde su inicios, cuando la humanidad conservaba sus alimentos con alternativas como nieve de las montañas o envuelta en paja. Con el paso del tiempo, perfeccionaron las técnicas, llegando a los sistemas de refrigeración que conocemos en la actualidad. Los principios de la refrigeración como la conocemos ahora, fueron descubiertos a mediados del siglo XVIII por científicos que investigaban no precisamente sobre la refrigeración. Por ejemplo, Michael Faraday descubrió la licuefacción de los gases al trabajar con amoniaco, William Cullen, creo frio al descubrir reacciones químicas que repelen el calor, sentando las bases para la refrigeración moderna.
Monitoria de histologia na visão dos estudantes de uma Faculdade de Medicina de Juiz de Fora – MG, Brasil
Authors: Viol Amanda Reis , Jonov Constanza Santos , Souza Samara de Paula Silva , Machado Rachel Rocha Pinheiro
Published: June 2024

A monitoria acadêmica compreende uma importante ferramenta de apoio pedagógico, por meio da qual o discente-monitor e o assistido têm oportunidade de aprofundar conhecimentos e fortalecer habilidades, sanando fragilidades inerentes a uma determinada área. O presente estudo tem como objetivo conhecer as percepções que os estudantes de Medicina de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) de Juiz de Fora – MG, possuem sobre a contribuição da monitoria no processo ensino-aprendizagem da disciplina de Histologia por meio da realização de um estudo descritivo do tipo transversal (quali-quantitativo), através de entrevista online. Após a análise de aproximadamente 160 respostas, verificamos que a monitoria exerce um papel relevante no processo educacional desta área, além de permitir a identificação de fragilidades dos estudantes em relação à essa disciplina na IES em que foi desenvolvida.
Sınıf Öğretmeni Adaylarının Hayat Bilgisi Öğretimi Dersinde Ortaya Koydukları Örnek Olay, Drama ve Empati Temelli Etkinliklerin İncelenmesi
Authors: Ütkür Güllühan Nur , Bekiroğlu Derya
Published: June 2024

Bu araştırmada sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının hayat bilgisi öğretimi dersinde tasarladıkları örnek olay,
drama ve empati temelli etkinliklerin genel özelliklerinin analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın
örneklemini 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim döneminde “İstanbul’da bir devlet üniversitesinde Sınıf Eğitimi
Anabilim Dalı’nda 3. Sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan toplam 40 sınıf öğretmeni adayı” oluşturmaktadır.
Araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması kullanılmıştır. Veriler “doküman incelemesi”
yoluyla toplanmış ve veriler içerik analizi” yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre
sınıf öğretmeni adayları en çok ilkokul 3. sınıf düzeyinde ve “Sağlıklı Hayat” ünitesine yönelik etkinlikler
tasarlamışlardır. Sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının hazırladıkları örnek olay etkinliklerinde “düşünsel” sorulara
ağırlık verdikleri, “ahlaki ve empatik” içerikli soruların görece daha az olduğu görülmüştür. Tasarlanan
drama etkinliklerinin ise drama aşamalarına uygun şekilde hazırlandığı belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte,
değerlendirme aşaması etkinliklerinde “düşünsel ve duyuşsal” etkinliklere daha az yer verildiği tespit
edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar ışığında, sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının lisans eğitimi boyunca örnek olay, empati ve
drama etkinliklerinin niteliklerinin artırılmasına ilişkin eğitimlerle desteklenmeleri önerilmiştir.
Promising applications of electromagnetic field therapy in dental implantology: A systematic review
Authors: Khazeni Saba , Mohammadi Khanghah Xaniar , Eslami Meghdad , Ansari Mohamadamin , Asadi Mohammad Hossein
Published: June 2024

Background. Non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure therapies are non-invasive and safe treatment options that can potentially change available treatments. In this review, we examined the applications of such therapies in dental implant surgery by conducting a systematic review. Methods. A comprehensive search of several international electronic databases was conducted from inception to December 14, 2022. This review included interventional studies that evaluated the advantages of adjunctive magnetic or combined EMFs on dental implants compared to conventional treatments. Results. From a total of 1695 studies, 12 preclinical and clinical studies were selected, discussing EMF-based treatments for enhancing implant stability, osteogenesis, and osseointegration, as well as alleviating post-implant surgery manifestations. Almost all studies on maxillary and mandibular implant stability showed beneficial effects of non-ionizing EMF in humans. Most studies evaluating osteogenesis and osseointegration indicated that EMF exposure could accelerate bone repair and peri-implant bone formation and increase bone contact ratios, bone volume fraction (bone volume/total volume), trabecular number, and trabecular thickness. Only two clinical studies examined the effect of EMF on pain and swelling after dental implant surgery, with one finding that subjects exposed to EMF used analgesics fewer times and in far lower doses than the control group and the other finding no significant difference in reducing these outcomes between the groups. Conclusion. Overall, devices that deliver non-ionizing low-level EMF can be a viable and widely recognized non-invasive adjuvant therapy for attaining success and better outcomes after dental implant surgery due to their efficacy, safety, and short exposure time.
Comparison of salivary beta-defensin-1 levels in patients with periodontitis before and after phase I periodontal therapy
Authors: Ansari Moghadam Somaye , Pishadast Sina , Gholami Leila , Alijani Ebrahim , Ansari Moghadam Alireza , Hadilou Mahdi
Published: June 2024

Background. This study compared human β-defensin 1 (hBD-1) salivary levels in patients with periodontitis before and after phase I periodontal therapy. Methods. This controlled before-and-after study included 16 patients in the intervention group and 28 participants in the control group. Patients in the intervention group had stage 3 grade B periodontitis with no systemic diseases and had not taken any medications in the last six months. The control group included participants with healthy periodontium. Before and after phase I periodontal therapy, salivary samples were collected from the intervention group. ELISA was used to measure hBD-1 levels. Results. Salivary levels of hBD-1 decreased after phase I periodontal treatment in periodontitis patients, approaching those in healthy individuals. However, this reduction was not statistically significant (P=0.389). In patients with a probing depth (PD) of at least 3 mm, salivary levels of hBD-1 decreased significantly (P=0.019) following the intervention. There was no significant correlation between changes in hBD-1 levels and clinical indices, such as clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing depth, or bleeding index (BI) (P˃0.05). Conclusion. The current study demonstrated promising results concerning a probable link between hBD-1 and periodontitis. However, more research with sufficiently large sample sizes and more robust study designs is necessary.
Comparison of tunnel and VISTA techniques for multiple gingival recession treatment: A systematic literature review
Authors: Matvijenko Ksenija , Borusevičius Rokas
Published: June 2024

Background. Gingival recession (GR) has become one of the most common concerns in oral mucosal diseases. It causes discomfort such as root hypersensitivity, root caries, and aesthetic problems, leading to the development of various surgical techniques to address GRs. This study compared the non-advanced tunnel and m-VISTA techniques in treating multiple GRs. Methods. A literature search related to the efficiency of non-advanced tunnel and m-VISTA techniques was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE (ScienceDirect), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Cochrane Library), Springer Link, and Google Scholar. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting periodontal parameters published in the recent four years (2019–2023) were included and assessed for the risk of bias. All in vitro, animal, pilot studies, case reports, and case series were excluded. Results. Five RCTs were included with 195 cases of GRs. Comparing the two techniques revealed a significant increase in keratinized tissue width (KTW) from baseline to 6 months (-1.4 mm), in clinical attachment level (CAL) (-2.65 mm), and in recession depth (-2.7 mm) for the tunnel technique. On the other hand, a significant increase in GR width (-2.26 mm) was found in the m-VISTA group. Finally, there were no significant differences in probing depths. Conclusion. Both techniques were effective in root coverage and may be valuable for treating multiple GRs.
Efficacy of ultrasonics and Er,Cr:YSGG laser on root surface calculus removal: A comparative in vitro field emission scanning electron microscope study
Authors: Jannath Afreen , Sundaram Rajasekar , Selvarangam Suganya , Viswanathan Krishnan , Sivapragasam Srinivasan
Published: June 2024

Background. Scaling and root planing (SRP) is an inevitable primary step in non-surgical periodontal therapy. Debridement carried out with manual instruments and ultrasonics results in the removal of tooth structure. Current research revolves around laser as an efficient adjunct to SRP. This study evaluated and compared the effectiveness of root surface calculus removal between ultrasonics and Er,Cr:YSGG laser. Methods. Twenty-eight single-rooted teeth extracted due to periodontal disease were selected for the study. The specimens were randomly assigned to two groups (n=14). Group I underwent ultrasonic instrumentation using a piezo ultrasonic scaler, and group II was subjected to laser instrumentation using Er,Cr:YSGG laser (Waterlase). The specimens were processed, fixed, viewed under a field emission scanning electron microscope and evaluated using the remaining calculus index (RCI) and loss of tooth substance index (LTSI). Results. Ultrasonics-treated specimens revealed more remaining calculus (1.57±0.65) and lost tooth substance (1.71±0.61) compared to the Er,Cr:YSGG laser-treated specimens, with significantly lower RCI (0.71±0.61) and LTSI (1.00±0.56). There was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) in the efficacy of root surface calculus removal between the two groups. Conclusion. Compared to ultrasonics, Er,Cr:YSGG laser demonstrated superior results by causing precise removal of root surface calculus without significantly affecting tooth structure and aiding in new attachment.
Effect of auto-adaptive metal artifact reduction (aMAR) program in cone-beam computed tomography on assessing pre-implant bone levels
Authors: Abesi Farida
Published: June 2024

This research aimed to introduce an auto-adaptive metal artifact reduction (aMAR) algorithm in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to assess the levels of the pre-implant alveolar crest. Dental implants as a treatment modality for edentulous patients consist of a titanium alloy, which creates a metal artifact, resulting in a dark dental structure in the CBCT scans. Metallic artifacts are limiting factors for the precise detection in CBCT images. These are related to the dark areas around materials and metallic structures (e.g., restorations, implants, and endodontic instruments). To overcome this problem, the metal artifact reduction (MAR) program has been recommended as a post-procedure stage for CBCT image reconstruction. Recent developments offer CBCT scanners with an aMAR option with a greater dynamic range to help overcome the challenges of peri-implant bone evaluation to reach accurate dental diagnoses.
An Examination of the Agreement between Self-reported Diabetes and Paraclinical Tests, Medical Records, and Clinical Examinations: Insights from the Shahedieh Cohort Study, Yazd, Iran
Authors: Madadizadeh Farzan , Momayyezi Mahdieh , Fallahzadeh Hossein
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Many researchers utilize self-reports to evaluate the prevalence of diseases. However, the accuracy of these self-reports remains uncertain in various studies. The objective of this particular study was to validate self-reported cases of diabetes among adults aged 35-70 years participating in the Shahedieh Cohort Study (SHCS). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the first phase of SHCS during 2015-2017. The study included 1000 Iranian adults aged 35-70 years. The Gold standard for diabetes was determined by measuring fasting blood sugar (FBS) and evaluating the history of treatment and use of diabetes medications. To assess self-report validity, various statistical indices such as sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (NPVs), accuracy, positive likelihood ratio (LR+), negative likelihood ratio (LR-) and AUC were used. The agreement between self-reported diabetes and the gold standard was assessed using kappa statistics. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 13 and R 4.3.1 software. Results: The study findings indicated that the prevalence of diabetes was 18% according to self-report and 19.9% according to the gold standard measurement. The self-report accuracy was 95.67%. There was perfect agreement (kappa=0.86) between the self-report and gold standard criteria. The AUC, sensitivity and specificity of self-reported diabetes were 0.937, 93.82% and 96.08%, respectively. Additionally, the results suggested that the self-report of diabetes was more valid in individuals with a normal body mass index (BMI) and without a family history of diabetes in first-degree relatives. Conclusion: The results showed that in the absence of diabetes control programs, self-report of diabetes is reliable and recommended.
Lycium Barbarum

Polysaccharide Attenuates Acute Toxicity Caused by Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Splenic and Pulmonary Tissues
Authors: Sewelam Amal , Kabil Soad L. , Jarrar Bashir M. , Sabry Mohamed , Morsy Manal
Published: June 2024

Background: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) are widely used in various commercial and industrial applications, posing potential risks to human body. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) is renowned for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the protective potential of LBP against TiO2 NPs-induced acute toxicity in splenic and pulmonary tissues. Methods: Forty rats were grouped as follows: Group I, the normal control, received daily 0.1% DMSO intraperitoneally (ip) and 0.5 mL PBS orally. Group II received LBP (100 mg/kg/day) by gavage for 14 days. Group III received a single ip injection of TiO2 NPs (972 mg/kg) on the 8th day. Group IV obtained both LBP and TiO2 NPs. Group V was treated with LBP, TiO2 NPs and Zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPPIX), the later was injected ip in a dose of 10 mg/kg/day one hour before LBP. Biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analysis were conducted on splenic and pulmonary tissues of all rats. Results: TiO2 NPs induced congestion, inflammation, macrophage proliferation, pyknosis and significantly increased caspase-3, CD68, NF-κB, TLR4 immunoexpression with upregulation of markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis. Pretreatment with LBP mitigated TiO2 NPs-induced tissue damage but enhanced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA expression. Co-administration of ZnPPIX reversed LBP protective impact. Conclusion: LBP demonstrated the ability to alleviate splenic and pulmonary injuries caused by the acute TiO2 NPs toxicity. LBP prevents TLR4/NF-κB mediated injury triggered by TiO2 NPs through HO-1 upregulation. Further research is required to explore the preventative role of LBP against both acute and chronic toxicity brought by nanomaterials in general and TiO2 NPs in particular.
Effects of Pentoxifylline on Inflammatory Factors and Quality of Life in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Rezadoost Lachin , Khosroshahi Hamid Tayebi , Farnood Farahnoosh , Sarbakhsh Parvin , behzad Hossein , Gharakhani Afshin
Published: June 2024

Background: Pentoxifylline has anti-inflammatory effects in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and may play an important role in reducing inflammatory factors and improving quality of life (QoL) in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methods: In this randomized placebo-controlled trial 88 chronic hemodialysis patients were divided into two groups with equal numbers. Intervention group received tablet pentoxifylline 400 milligrams and control group received the matching placebo, daily for 3 months. At baseline and after 3 months, inflammatory factors including serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. Also, the Medical Outcome Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) quality of life (QoL) questionnaire was completed by each patient at the beginning and end of the study. Results: Significant reduction in serum levels of TNF-a, CRP as well as substantial improvement of all dimensions of QoL were observed in intervention group after 3 months of pentoxifylline treatment (P = 0.04; P <0.001, P <0.05 respectively). Between groups comparison showed marked reduction in inflammatory markers including TNF-a and CRP in recipients of pentoxifylline than control group at the end of the study (P = 0.003 for both). In addition to dimensions of physical component score (PCS), mental component score (MCS) and overall score of QoL showed significant improvement in the pentoxifylline group compared to the placebo group at month 3 of the study (P = 0.003; P = 0.027, P = 0.002 respectively). Conclusion: Use of pentoxifylline in HD patients illustrated positive effects on inflammation and health-related QoL.
Penelitian terhadap Perawatan pada Mesin Press Cap Roller dengan Metode FMEA dan RCM
Authors: Harma Beni , Yetrina Mutiara , Susriyati  , Pebriyanto Riyan
Published: June 2024

Maintenance of production machinery is crucial for maintaining the quality of the production process. At PTPN VI Solok, there is a significant issue with the Close Roll Printing Machine, which plays a vital role in the tea pressing process. This study aims to understand the maintenance requirements of the Press Cap Roller Machine and provide maintenance recommendations using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) methods. FMEA is utilized to examine and track potential failures, while RCM aims to select, develop, and create effective maintenance strategies. The FMEA analysis revealed that the crankshaft is the predominant cause of failure, with a Risk Priority Number (RPN) value of 17.07%. RCM analysis indicated that the Mean Time To Failure (MTTF) for components ranges between 1433.4 and 1811 hours. Recommendations for improvements include checking the crankshaft rotation to ensure it runs smoothly and performing maintenance according to the schedule. Additionally, regular gearbox inspections are crucial, such as checking oil levels, oil circulation conditions, gearbox area leaks, and replacing the gearbox according to the component's lifespan to maintain optimal performance. Other maintenance suggestions involve direct prevention of failure sources and appropriate maintenance, regular bearing replacements and inspections as per the schedule, and routine checks of electrical current and temperature. The implementation of FMEA and RCM methods is expected to provide more structured and effective solutions for maintenance issues, thereby maintaining the quality of the tea production process. This approach also aims to extend the machine's lifespan and reduce unexpected maintenance costs, thus enhancing the company's operational productivity and efficiency.
Penelitian dan Pengembangan Smart Patient Bed dengan Sistem Pemantauan Berat Badan Pasien Berbasis IoT
Authors: Arianto Eko
Published: June 2024

Patient beds are crucial medical equipment in healthcare facilities, and this study aims to enhance the functionality of conventional patient beds by transforming them into electric beds equipped with a patient weight monitoring system. Against the backdrop of a shortage of beds meeting standards, this development is anticipated to improve patient care efficiency and fulfill healthcare standards. The research methodology involves analyzing the crank drive system of patient beds, replacing manual cranks with electric motors, and implementing a patient weight monitoring system using load cells. Testing is conducted to validate the reliability of the new system in bed movement and patient weight measurement. The results indicate the successful conversion of beds into electric ones, with electric motors capable of lifting headrests up to a load of 150 kg. The patient weight monitoring system also proves accurate, with an average error of approximately 1.1% across a test load range of 10-150 kg. Additionally, the IoT communication system successfully stores and displays data in a database, accessible via an Android application. Thus, this development contributes positively to healthcare services by enhancing efficiency and accuracy in patient care. The implementation of electric motors and patient weight monitoring systems is expected to meet national healthcare standards and pave the way for further developments in smart bed patient implementation. Overall, this research underscores the importance of integrating technology to enhance the quality of healthcare services.
Investigation on the Performance in Tire Repair Operation – A Case Study for Semi Automation in MSMEs
Authors: Maidawati  , Purnama Adji , Mahendrawan Sidik
Published: June 2024

This investigation involved Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) specializing in tire repair services. The conventional methods employed by tire patchers using manual tools with heating systems fueled by gasoline, kerosene, or spirit have raised concerns regarding safety, as they are prone to fire hazards. In response to these challenges, some tire repairs have adopted modern tire patching devices equipped with electric heating systems, which not only demand lower electric power but also offer enhanced safety features. The utilization of electric heating systems in modern tire patching devices not only addresses safety concerns but also contributes to the overall improvement of patch quality. The electric heating systems are designed to provide a controlled and measurable amount of heat, ensuring a more robust adhesion of tire patches and, consequently, a higher quality repair. The objective of this report is to advocate for the optimization of tire repair performance through the implementation of tire patching process semi automation. The result shows that by applying semi automation, MSMEs in the tire repair can enhance the efficiency of the patching process, and significantly reduce safety risks associated with traditional heating methods. This optimization contributes to a safer working environment but also leads to a more sustainable and higher in quality of tire repair service.
EFECTO DEL NITRÓGENO SOBRE RENDIMIENTO Y CALIDAD DE SEMILLA DE TRIGO EN EL BAJÍO, MÉXICO
Authors: Buenrostro-Rodríguez Juan Francisco , Gámez-Vázquez Alfredo Josué , Solís-Moya Ernesto , Covarrubias-Prieto Jorge , Ledesma-Ramírez Lourdes , Mandujano Bueno Andrés , González-Figueroa Sarahyt Santamaría , Cisneros-López Hugo Cesar
Published: June 2024

Recientemente se ha incrementado el costo de los fertilizantes, lo que afecta la producción de semilla de trigo (Triticum aestivum L), por ello es importante optimizar recursos dentro de los sistemas de producción. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la dosis de fertilización nitrogenada (DN) adecuada para la producción de semilla de trigo, así como su efecto sobre calidad fisiológica de semilla en la región de El Bajío en México. En el ciclo agrícola otoño-invierno 2017-2018 se evaluó la variedad Urbina S2007 en seis localidades de los estados de Guanajuato y Michoacán, México, en combinación con las DN de 0, 60, 120, 180, 240 y 300 kg ha-1. Las variables medidas en campo fueron rendimiento (t ha-1), granos por espiga y espigas por metro cuadrado. En laboratorio se evaluó el vigor de semilla, germinación estándar (%) y longitud de plúmula (cm), como parte de la calidad fisiológica de semilla. Se realizó análisis de varianza combinado a través de localidades en un diseño de bloques completos al azar. El efecto de las DN generó el 70 % de la variabilidad total observada en rendimiento, mientras que una situación diferente se observó en vigor y germinación, donde las localidades aportaron más del 88 % de la variabilidad. El rendimiento y calidad fisiológica de semilla se incrementaron en función de la DN; sin embargo, se observó un punto de inflexión a los 240 kg de N ha-1, lo que sugiere que la aplicación de 240 kg de N ha-1 es la dosis óptima para mejorar el rendimiento de semilla sin deterioro de su calidad fisiológica.