bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brain death in pregnancy: what will be left of the life of foetus?
Authors: Gulino Matteo , Montanari Vergallo Gianluca , Ciliberti Rosagemma , Spagnolo Antonio G.
Published: November 2020

Brain death in pregnancy (BDinP) has been described in literature as a “rare event” and “hopeless condition for patients”, who has a devastating potential to negatively affect the poetry of the moment of welcoming a new human life to the world. Clinical consequences of BDinP are extremely dangerous for the life of a foetus that, without prompt medical actions, is doomed to suffer the same fate as the mother. Modern medical techniques make it possible to maintain basic vital functions of the pregnant woman for months, in order to achieve a level of development of the foetus. Although maternal somatic support requires the consideration of specific medical parameters, from a bioethical standpoint, this option gives rise to multiple ethical and social implications. In this manuscript, we identify the main ethical and social implications about maternal somatic support, including the potential impact on the clinical practice of medical staff, and discuss some Italian high-impact media cases.* The authors contributed equally to the work.
Prospective Diary Survey of Preschool Children's Social Contact Patterns: A Pilot Study
Authors: Oh Hyang Soon , Ryu Mikyung
Published: November 2020

Purpose: This pilot study aimed to describe children's social contact patterns and to analyze factors related to their social contacts.Methods: The participants were 30 children aged ≥13 months to <7 years, whose teachers at childcare centers and parents at home were asked to maintain diaries of their social contacts prospectively for 24 hours. Data were collected from November 30, 2018, to January 7, 2019.Results: The 30 participating children were in contact with 363 persons in a 24-hours period (mean, 12.1±9.1). The number of contacts showed significant relationships with day of the week (p<.001), number of family members/cohabitants (p=.015), area of residence (p=.003), and type of housing (p=.002). A multiple regression model showed significantly higher numbers of contacts on weekdays (B=10.64, p=.010). Physical versus non-physical types of contact showed significant differences in terms of duration, location, and frequency (p<.001). The duration of contacts showed significant relationships with their location and frequency (p<.001), while the frequency of contacts was significantly related to their location (p<.001).Conclusion: This is the first survey describing the characteristics of Korean preschool children's social contacts. Further large-scale social contact studies of children should be conducted.
Prevalence of late-onset hypogonadism among middle-aged and elderly males in China
Authors: Liu Yi-Jun , Shen Xu-Bo , Yu Na , Shang Xue-Jun , Gu Yi-Qun , Zuo Lian-Dong , Xiong Cheng-Liang , Ye Zhen , Zhou Yuan-Zhong
Published: November 2020

This study aimed to propose an operational definition of late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) that incorporates both clinical symptoms and serum testosterone measurements to evaluate the prevalence of LOH in aging males in China. A population-based sample of 6296 men aged 40 years–79 years old was enrolled from six representative provinces in China. Serum total testosterone (TT), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured and free testosterone (cFT) was calculated. The Aging Males' Symptoms (AMS) scale was used to evaluate the LOH symptoms. Finally, 5078 men were included in this analysis. The TT levels did not decrease with age (P = 0.59), and had no relationship with AMS symptoms (P = 0.87 for AMS total score, P = 0.74 for ≥ 3 sexual symptoms). The cFT levels decreased significantly with age (P < 0.01) and showed a negative association with the presence of ≥ 3 sexual symptoms (P = 0.03). The overall estimated prevalence of LOH was 7.8% (395/5078) if a cFT level <210 pmol l−1 combined with the presence of ≥ 3 sexual symptoms was used as the criterion of LOH. Among them, 26.1% (103/395) and 73.9% (292/395) had primary and secondary hypogonadism, respectively. After adjustment for confounding factors, primary and secondary hypogonadism was positively related to age and comorbidities. Body mass index was an independent risk factor for secondary hypogonadism. The results suggest that the AMS total score is not an appropriate indicator for decreased testosterone, and that the cFT level is more reliable than TT for LOH diagnosis. Secondary hypogonadism is the most common form of LOH.
Combined effect of oral famotidine and cimetidine on the survival of lethally irradiated mice
Authors: Dizaj Karim Afsar , Monfared Ali Shabestani , Mozdarani Hossein , Naeiji Ali , Razzaghdoust Abolfazl , Hajian-tilaki Karimollah , Aboufazeli Bahareh , Niksirat Fatemeh , Borzoueisileh Sajad
Published: November 2020

Aims:

The study aims at evaluating the effects of the combinatory famotidine/cimetidine diet on radiated mice's survival.

Materials and Methods:

Two hundred and seventy male mice were categorized into 11 groups, a number of which were comprised of subgroups too. The groups under analysis were posed to varying doses of gamma-radiation, including 6, 7, 8, and 9 Gy, followed by treatments using various drug doses 2, 4, and 8 mg/kg, with survival fractions as long as a month after irradiation being measured and recorded.

Results:

LD50/30 was calculated as 7.47 Gy for the group with radiation only. Following mouse treatment with a concentration of 4 and 20 mg/kg for famotidine and cimetidine, respectively, the survival fraction for the mice grew significantly compared to LD50/30. The combinatory famotidine/cimetidine diet had a higher dose-reduction factor (DRF) than single doses of the drug in radioprotection. The DRF for combinatory famotidine/cimetidine, famotidine, and cimetidine diets was 08.09, 1.1, and 1.01, respectively.

Conclusions:

Results imply that the combined regimen of famotidine + cimetidine in radioprotection had no significant higher DRF than with regimens including each of them separately. In addition, we did not find a synergic effect of combined oral famotidine and cimetidine on irradiated mice.
Prognostic significance of the preoperative C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Tamagawa Hiroshi , Aoyama Toru , Numata Masakatsu , Maezawa Yukio , Kazama Keisuke , Astumi Yosuke , Hara Kentaro , Kano Kazuki , Yukawa Norio , Saeki Hiroyuki , Godai Tenii , Oshima Takashi , Goda Motohiko , Rino Yasushi , Masuda Munetaka
Published: November 2020

Background:

The aim of the present study was to determine the utility of the C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) for predicting the overall survival (OS) in locally advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

Patients and Methods:

This retrospective multicenter study was performed using data from a prospectively maintained database of pathological Stage II or III patients undergoing CRC surgery at the Yokohama City University, Department of Surgery, and its affiliated institutions between April 2000 and March 2016. The risk factors for the OS were identified.

Results:

A CAR of 0.03 was considered to be the optimal cutoff point for classification based on the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates and receiver operating characteristic curve. The OS rates at 3 and 5 years after surgery were 92.4% and 85.7% in the CAR-low group, respectively, and 86.7% and 81.1% in the CAR-high group. A multivariate analysis showed that the CAR was a significant independent risk factor for the OS. When comparing the patients' demographic and clinical characteristics between the CAR ≤0.03 and >0.03 groups, the incidence of patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy and the incidence of postoperative complications were significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusion:

The present study showed that the preoperative CAR was a risk factor for the OS in patients who underwent surgery for CRC. To improve the patients' survival, CAR might be a useful tool for devising treatment strategies.
The index of $G$-transversally elliptic families. I
Authors: Baldare Alexandre
Published: November 2020

We define and study the index map for families of

G

-transversally elliptic operators and introduce the multiplicity for a given irreducible representation as a virtual bundle over the base of the fibration. We then prove the usual axiomatic properties for the index map extending the Atiyah–Singer results [1]. Finally, we compute the Kasparov intersection product of our index class against the K-homology class of an elliptic operator on the base. Our approach is based on the functorial properties of the intersection product, and relies on some constructions due to Connes–Skandalis and to Hilsum–Skandalis.
The index of $G$-transversally elliptic families. II
Authors: Baldare Alexandre
Published: November 2020

We define the Chern character of the index class of a

G

-invariant family of

G

-transversally elliptic operators, see [6]. Next we study the Berline–Vergne formula for families in the elliptic and transversally elliptic case.
The relative Mishchenko–Fomenko higher index and almost flat bundles. I. The relative Mishchenko–Fomenko index
Authors: Kubota Yosuke
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the first of two, we introduce an alternative definition of the Chang–Weinberger–Yu relative higher index, which is thought of as a relative analogue of the Mishchenko–Fomenko index pairing. A main result of this paper is that our map coincides with the existing relative higher index maps. We make use of this fact for understanding the relative higher index. First, we relate the relative higher index with the higher index of the corresponding amalgamated free product group. Second, we define the dual relative higher index map and show its rational surjectivity under certain assumptions.
The obstacle problem for singular doubly nonlinear equations of porous medium type
Authors: Schätzler Leah
Published: November 2020

In this paper we prove the existence of variational solutions to the obstacle problem associated with doubly nonlinear equations

\partial_t (|u|^{m-1}u) - \mathrm {div}(D_\xi f(Du)) = 0

with

m > 1

and a convex function

f

satisfying a standard

p

-growth condition for an exponent

p \in (1,\infty)

in a bounded space-time cylinder

\Omega_T := \Omega \times (0,T)

. The obstacle function

\psi

and the boundary values

g

are time dependent. The proof relies on a nonlinear version of the method of minimizing movements.
Harnack inequality for parabolic quasi minimizers on metric spaces
Authors: Herán Andreas
Published: November 2020

We are concerned with local parabolic quasi-minimizers

u

on metric measure spaces. The measure space is assumed to fulfill a doubling and an annular-decay property and to support a weak (1,

p

)-Poincaré inequality, while

u

is associated to a Carathéodory integrand

f

obeying

p

-growth assumptions for

p \geq 2

. We are able to show a parabolic Harnack inequality under these assumptions. The quadratic case

p = 2

has already been considered in [25], whereas the superquadratic case, at least to our knowledge, has not even been treated in the euclidean setting. The proof following the ideas of DiBenedetto, Gianazza and Vespri in [9].
Конечные 3-подгруппы в группе Кремоны ранга 3
Authors: Kuznetsova Alexandra
Published: November 2020

Мы рассмотрим 3-подгруппы в группах бирациональных автоморфизмов
трехмерных рационально связных многообразий и докажем,
что любая 3-подгруппа может быть порождена
не более чем пятью образующими. Более того, мы изучим
группы регулярных автоморфизмов терминальных горенштейновых
трехмерных многообразий Фано и покажем, что за возможным исключением
нескольких явно описанных случаев любая 3-подгруппа этой группы
может быть порождена четырьмя образующими.
Библиография: 27 названий.
О методе сравнения в исследовании уравнений
в метрических пространствах
Authors: Zhukovskiy Evgeny Semenovich
Published: November 2020

Рассматривается уравнение $G(x,x)=y$, где $G\colon X\times X\to Y$,
$X$, $Y$ - метрические пространства. Это операторное уравнение
сравнивается с "модельным" уравнением $g(t,t)=0$, где функция
$g\colon \mathbb{R}_+ \times \mathbb{R}_+\to\mathbb{R}$ непрерывна,
не убывает по первому аргументу и не возрастает
по второму аргументу. Получены условия, при которых из разрешимости
"модельного" уравнения следует существование решений
рассматриваемого операторного уравнения.
Получены условия устойчивости решений к малым изменениям
отображения $G$. Доказанные утверждения распространяют на уравнения
в метрических пространствах теорему Канторовича о неподвижной точке
дифференцируемого отображения,
действующего в банаховом пространстве, а также ее обобщения
на точки совпадения отображений метрических пространств.
Библиография: 13 названий.
Функции Ляпунова, канонические области Красносельского
и существование ограниченных по Пуассону решений
Authors: Lapin Kirill Sergeevich
Published: November 2020

Введены понятия ограниченности по Пуассону и частичной
ограниченности по Пуассону решения системы. На основе метода
функций Ляпунова и метода Красносельского канонических областей
получено достаточное условие существования ограниченных по
Пуассону решений.
Библиография: 16 названий.
О методе проекции градиента для слабо выпуклой функции на проксимально гладком множестве
Authors: Balashov Maxim Viktorovich
Published: November 2020

Пусть слабо выпуклая функция (в общем случае невыпуклая и негладкая)
удовлетворяет условию квадратичного роста. Доказывается,
что метод проекции градиента для минимизации такой функции
на множестве сходится с линейной скоростью на проксимально гладком
(невыпуклом) множестве специального вида
(например, на гладком многообразии) при условии,
что константа слабой выпуклости функции меньше, чем константа
в условии квадратичного роста, а константа проксимальной гладкости
для множества достаточно велика. Обсуждается связь
условия квадратичного роста функции с другими условиями.
Библиография: 22 названия.
Эллиптические дифференциально-разностные уравнения
в полупространстве
Authors: Muravnik Andrey Borisovich
Published: November 2020

Рассматривается задача Дирихле в полупространстве
для эллиптических дифференциально-разностных уравнений
с операторами, представляющими собой композиции
дифференциальных и разностных операторов. Для этой задачи
доказывается классическая разрешимость или разрешимость почти всюду
(в зависимости от ограничений, наложенных на граничные данные),
строится интегральное представление указанного решения формулой
пуассоновского типа и доказывается его стремление к нулю
при стремлении времениподобной независимой переменной
к бесконечности.
Библиография: 18 названий.
Detection of Leishmania RNA Virus in Clinical Samples from Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Patients Varies according to the Type of Sample
Authors: Parra-Muñoz Marcela , Aponte Samanda , Ovalle-Bracho Clemencia , Saavedra Carlos H. , Echeverry María C.
Published: November 2020

Leishmania RNA virus (LRV) is a double-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Totiviridae family detected as cytoplasmic inclusions in some strains of the human parasite Leishmania spp. Experimental evidence supports the hypothesis that human coinfection with Leishmania spp.–LRV triggers an exacerbated immune response in the host that can be responsible for the observed complicated outcomes in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), such as mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) and treatment failure of CL. However, the reported frequencies of LRV associated with complicated outcomes in patient’s series are highly variable, diminishing the relevance on the virus presence in the pathogenesis of the disease. To assess whether or not the inconsistent information about the frequency of LRV associated with CL complicated outcomes could be related to the virus detection approach, the present study evaluated the LRV presence in clinical samples using a diagnostic algorithm according to the type of the sample. In 36 samples with diagnosis of complicated forms of CL (15 of ML and 21 of CL antimony treatment failure) and six samples with non–Leishmania spp. infection, the LRV presence was assessed by RT-PCR, RT-qPCR, and nested RT-PCR. Viral load was estimated in parasite clinical isolates. By combining the methods, LRV1 presence was confirmed in 45% (9/20) of isolates and 37.5% (6/16) of the incisional biopsies. Remarkably, in some cases (4/8), LRV1 was undetectable in the isolates but present in their respective biopsies, and less frequently, the opposite was observed (1/8), suggesting the possibility of loss of parasites harboring LRV1 during the in vitro growth.
Effect of single and repeated dose administration of alkaloid, non-alkaloid and crude extracts of Khat (Catha edulis Vahl. Endl.) on spatial learning and memory in mice
Authors: Seifu Biruk , Engidawork Ephrem
Published: November 2020

No Abstract.
Effect of Single and Repeated Administration of Amitriptyline on Experimental Gastric Ulcer
Authors: Hussen Shemsu Umer , Özbakış-Dengız Gunnur , Bas Yilmaz , Kiran Musa
Published: November 2020

Amitriptyline is an antidepressant drug widely used as analgesic in the management of chronic pain syndromes. It is also attracting the attention of researchers as an alternative agent for peptic ulcer management because studies have shown that most patients with peptic ulcer also suffer from depression. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate gastroprotective effects of single and repeated dose administration of amitriptyline against indomethacin-induced gastric injury in rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups of eight rats/each. For 14 days, Group I (control) and Group II (single dose) received distilled water; Group III (repeated dose) received 10 mg/kg amitriptyline orally once daily. On day 15, Group I was given distilled water; Group II and III were given 10 mg/kg amitriptyline orally. Thirty minutes later, indomethacin (25 mg/kg) was administrated orally to all the groups. Six hours after indomethacin administration, animals were sacrificed under thiopental sodium anaesthesia, stomachs were rapidly removed, cut along the greater curvature and cleaned. The stomachs were macroscopically evaluated; total area of stomach and visible ulcerated areas were measured using millimeter square paper. Finally, the stomachs were fixed in 10% formalin for histopathologic  valuation. Single dose administration of amitriptyline significantly reduced ulcer indexes and gastric erosions as compared to the control group.However, its role against inflammatory reactions such as necrosis, polymorphonuclear leucocyte infiltration, neutrophil and eosinophil reactions were statistically insignificant. On the other hand, repeated dose administration of amitriptilyine produced significant gastroprotective effects as observed from macroscopical and histopathological evaluation results. Moreover, there was also a significant difference in the gastroprotective effects between single and repeated dose of amitriptyline against indomethacin-induced gastric damage. In conclusion, the results of this study  evealed that repeated dose administration of amitriptyline showed better gastroprotective effects compared to single dose amitriptyline administration and the control group.

Keywords: amitriptyline, gastroprotective effects, indomethacin, histopathologic evaluation, rats
Sedimentological and geochemical characterization of DF-2 well, Onshore Western Niger Delta: Implications for provenance, tectonic history and paleo depositional conditions
Authors: Amiewalan Florence O. , Balogun Frankie .O. , Ejairu Kingsley
Published: November 2020

The sedimentology and geochemistry of the major oxides and trace elements of DF-2 well, Onshore, Niger Delta, are presented in this study. The study is aimed at describing the sedimentological characteristics as well as using the major oxides and trace elements to investigate the provenance, tectonic history and palaeo-depositional conditions of the well. Selected samples were investigated with fused bead X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry to determine their major oxides and fused bead laser ablation inductively couple plasma mass spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS) for  their trace elements. Sedimentological analysis from the well shows that the lithology ranged from shaly sand, sandy shale, sandstone and shale. The results show the dominance of silicon oxide (SiO2) contents which ranges from 81.1 to 91.4 wt. % (average of 87.1 wt. %). The low average concentration of Cr<150 ppm and Ni <100 ppm, the ratios of Th/Sc, Th/Co, Th/Cr, Cr/Th, La/Sc, as well as the plots of Th/Co versus La/Sc and TiO2 versus Zr, all infer a felsic source rock. The discrimination plots of ratioK2O/Na2O against SiO2 and Log K2O/Na2O against Log SiO2/Al2O3 indicated passive continental margin. Various chemical classifications of the sediments show that the sandstone facies plotted mainly in quartzarenite, sublitharenite and Fe-rich sand domains. The samples were deposited under oxic environment based on the average values of U/Th (0.26 ppm), Ni/Co (2.79 ppm) and Cu/Zn (1.81ppm) and bivariate plot of Ni/Co versus V/Cr. However, the bivariate plot of Ni/Co versus V/ (V+Ni) specifies oxic to  anoxic conditions and V/Vi + Ni ratios indicate oxic, suboxic to euxinicpalaeode positional environments for the sediments. Geochemical characterization illustrates mixed marine and terrigenous source input, deposited mainly in semi humid/humid climate. The positive values attained from ratios of Al2O3/(CaO+MgO+Na2O+K2O) infers mineralogical maturity based on stable mobile oxides content in the studied samples.

Keywords: Felsic Rock, Quartzarenite, Litharenite, Passive Margin, Mobile Oxide, Mature Sediments.
Green corrosion inhibition of mild steel using Prunus Dulcis seeds extract in an acidic medium
Authors: Oshomogho Frederick Okhakumhe , Akhihiero Thelma Ejiro , Edokpayi Osariemen , Ossai Joy Ehimwenma
Published: November 2020

Synthetic inhibitors use by industries often have adverse effect on the environment. This work therefore investigates the use of plant extract as an  inhibition to mild steel corrosion in an acidic environment. Weight loss method was adopted to evaluate inhibition efficiency by plant extract as corrosion inhibitors. Almond seeds (Prunusdulcis) was extracted with the aid of Soxhlet apparatus. The corrosion inhibition experiment was  performed by setting up reactors containing mild steel coupon with variable concentrations of plant extract and 200ml of 1.5M HCl solution. The  study revealed that the extract was an efficient inhibitor and was most effective as the concentration increased from 0.81% at 0.01g/ml to 69.95% at 0.15g/ml respectively. Adsorption study on mild steel surface showed that the experimental data fitted better into the Temkin isotherm with regression R2 closer to unity. Arrhenius constant and activation energy estimated at temperatures 308K to 328K revealed that activation energy aE increased with increasing inhibitor concentration from 5348.23J/mol at 0.01g/ml to 6151.44J/mol at 0.05g/ml. The outcome of the study revealed  that mild steel is susceptible to corrosionwhich is capable of destroying the material and increasing inhibitor concentration and temperature has significant influence on the corrosion.

Keywords: Mild steel, Corrosion, Inhibitor, Plant Extract, Adsorption
Diversity in proximate analysis of tubers of some African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) (Hochst Ex. A. Rich.) Harms (Fabaceae) accessions
Authors: Konyeme T.E. , Nyananyo B.L. , Tanee F.B.G.
Published: November 2020

This study was carried out to determine the proximate and mineral composition of fresh tubers of 17 African Yam Bean (AYB) accessions. Standard analytical procedures were adopted in the determination of bioactive compounds in the tubers of the different accessions. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics, principal component and clustering analysis. Ash content ranged between 4.59-9.99%, Carbohydrate (46.59-66.52%), Crude fibre (6.93-12.13), Fat (1.06-4.04%), Moisture content ranged between 11.36-21.91% and Protein (4.91-14.50%). The range of mineral content evaluated were: Calcium (1.53-5.82), Copper (10.59-44.93), Iron (63.52-240.48), Magnesium (0.59-2.26), Manganese (42.25-160.01), Nitrogen (0.75-2.23%), Potassium (1.34-5.08), Sodium (0.05-0.22) and Zinc (28.24-106.93. The proximate variables in the tubers significantly (P<0.05) distinguished the 17 AYB accessions. Three distinct clusters were visible. The seven accessions in cluster I had the highest protein, carbohydrate and moisture content. Cluster II had the least mineral content. Accessions with the highest fat and mineral content were grouped in cluster III. Food, nutritional and medicinal values inherent in AYB tubers is high and promising, its utilization in human and livestock feeds is greatly encourage.

Keywords: Accessions, African yam bean, diversity, proximate analysis, tubers
Assessment of physicochemical characteristics of lower River Niger at Kpata, Adankolo and Gadumo Stations in Kogi State, Nigeria
Authors: Ogbe K.U. , Adejoh O.S. , Dasuma E
Published: November 2020

The present work was conducted to study the physicochemical parameters of lower River Niger at Lokoja and Ajaokuta local government area of Kogi state, with the aims to determine the physical and chemical situation of the River at this point in time, compare the physical and chemical situation of the river with earlier work done on River Niger and other relevant water bodies by relevant authors also to determine its suitability for fish growth and survival at this point in time. Water samples were collected for four month (January to April) at three sampling site (two site from Lokoja and one from Ajaokuta local government area) and analysed for various physicochemical parameter. The mean temperature values ranged from 23.55 - 28.350C at Kpata station, 24.65- 29.750C at Adankolo station and 23.90-28.900C at Gadumo station. The mean pH values ranged from 6.69-8.15 at Kpata station, 6.60-8.30 at Adankolo station and 6.10-8.20 at Gadumo station. The mean electrical conductivity values ranged from 68.50-135.50µS/cm at Kpata station, 68.00-122.50 µS/cm at Adankolo station and 68.00-122.50 µS/cm at Gadumo station. The mean dissolved oxygen (DO) values ranged from 6.10-9.30 mg/l at Kpata station, 5.65-7.78 mg/l at Adankolo station and 6.10-9.30 mg/l at Gadumo station. The mean transparency values ranged from 0.31-0.60m at Kpata station, 0.31-0.60m at Adankolo station and 0.30-0.44m at Gadumo station. The mean biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) values ranged from 2.10-2.95 mg/l at Kpata station, 2.05-3.25 mg/l at Adankolo station and 2.10-4.00 mg/l at Gadumo station. The mean nitrate values ranged from 0.02-0.05 mg/l at Kpata station, 0.02-0.03 mg/l at Adankolo station and 0.02-0.04 mg/l at Gadumo station. The mean phosphate values ranged from 0.48-0.61 mg/l at Kpata station, 0.51-0.65 mg/l at Adankolo station and 0.49-0.64 mg/l at Gadumo station. The study indicated that the mean value of the studied parameters which include pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, Electrical conductivity, biochemical oxygen demand, nitrate, transparency and phosphate of the River compares slightly favourably with the work of other researchers and within the range that support fish growth and survival. This indicates that the river is in a healthy state and is favourable for fish growth and survival.

Keywords: physiochemical parameter, water, river Niger, fish growth
Seasonal variation of the hydro-environmental factors and phytoplankton community around waters in Tincan Island, Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Okere M.C. , Davies I.C. , Okonkwo S.E.
Published: November 2020

The phytoplankton diversity, pigment, abundance and distribution in relation to physico-chemical parameters were studied from four stations for a period of five months (May – September 2018) and were analysed using standard procedures. Rainfall was highest (329.5 mm) in September and lowest (142.7 mm) in July. The total suspended solid (TSS) had a mean value of 63.10±12.81 mg/L and the total dissolved solids (TDS) had the highest value of 15189 mg/L in May which was not significantly different around the sampling points {P > 0.05}. The pH and nitrate level recorded had a mean value of 7.25±0.33 and 3.11±1.33 mg/L respectively. Microscopic identification revealed a total of 129 species belonging to 62 genera, 22 families and five divisions in the following order of specie abundance: Bacillariophyceae (65 taxa) > Cyanophyceae (27 taxa) > Chlorophyta (20 taxa) > Dinophyceae (10 taxa) > Euglenophyceae (7 taxa). The high dominance of Microcystis aeruginosa observed was indicative of organic pollution. The range of community structure indices were as follows: Margalef Index (0.1406 – 5.295) and Shannon – Weiner Index (0.02644 - 0.4979). The relatively high nutrient status favours the high abundance of phytoplankton which is understood to be deleterious to the ecosystem. Municipal wastes must be treated or recycled before discharge and a continuous environmental surveillance is required to maintain the biological integrity of this area.

Keywords: Phytoplankton, Physicochemical Parameters, Nutrient Status and Tincan Island
Ionospheric turbulence from TEC variations and VLF/LF transmitter signal observations before and during the destructive seismic activity of August and October 2016 in Central Italy
Authors: Contadakis Michael , Arabelos Demetrios , Vergos George , Skeberis Christos , Xenos Tomas , Biagi Pierfrancesco , Scordilis Emmanuel
Published: November 2020

In this paper we investigate the ionospheric turbulence from observations of TEC variations as well as from VLF/LF transmitter signal observations before and during the disastrous seismic activity of August and October 2016 in Central Italy. The Total Electron Content (TEC) data of 8 Global Positioning System (GPS) stations of the EUREF network, which are being provided by IONOLAB (Turkey), were analysed using Discrete Fourier Analysis in order to investigate the TEC variations. The data acquired for VLF/LF signal observations are from the receiver of Thessaloniki (40.59N, 22,78E), Greece, which monitor the VLF/LF transmitters of the International Network for Frontier Research on Earthquake Precursors (INFREP). A method of normalization according to the distance between the receiver and the transmitter is applied on the above data and then they are processed by the Hilbert Huang Transform (HHT) to produce the corresponding spectra for visual analysis. The results of both methods indicate that the High- Frequency limit fo, of the ionospheric turbulence content, increases as the site and the moment of the earthquake occurrence is approaching, pointing to the earthquake locus.
Toward the development of a multi parametric system for a short-term assessment of the seismic hazard in Italy
Authors: Genzano Nicola , Filizzola Carolina , Lisi Mariano , Pergola Nicola , Tramutoli Valerio
Published: November 2020

With the aim to develop a multi-parametric system devote to improving our present capability to assess seismic hazard particularly in the short-medium term, the preliminary step is to identify those parameters that have demonstrated their non-casual relation with earthquake occurrences and whose anomalous variations can be associated to the complex seismic process. Since 80, fluctuations of Earth thermally emitted radiation, measured by satellite sensors in the Thermal InfraRed (TIR) spectral region, have been reported by several authors in some connection with the occurrence of earthquakes; they and can be considered as one of the possible parameters to include within a multi-parametric system. In this paper, the Robust Satellite Techniques (RST) approach has been exploited to highlight Significant Sequences of TIR Anomalies (SSTAs) possibly related to seismic events happened in Italy in the period June 2004 - December 2014. In particular, we evaluated the level of correlation between occurrence of earthquakes with M≥4 and RST-based TIR anomalies using two different spatial resolutions of MSG-SEVIRI (Meteosat Second Generation -Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager) images. Results of the two RST analyses show that the 82% of the identified SSTAs does not disappear when downscaled spatial resolution SEVIRI TIR records were used. For both analyses, more than 60% of SSTAs is apparently in connection with the occurrence of M≥4 earthquakes; more than the 80% of them has tendency to anticipate the occurrence of earthquakes. Although about the 40% of SSTAs is not apparently related to documented seismic activity (false positives), results of random tests (i.e. Molchan’s error diagrams) indicate a non-casual correlation between SSTAs and earthquake occurrences. These results confirm that the parameter “RST-based satellite TIR anomalies” is one of the possible candidates to be included in a multi-parametric system for time-Dependent Assessment of Seismic Hazard (t-DASH).
Kolb’s Experiential Learning Cycle
Authors: Shoulders Catherine
Published: November 2020

John Dewey (1938) said all learning happens through experience. The quality of the learning, however, depends on the quality of the experience. This module introduces the four stages of Kolb's experiential learning cycle, each of which contributes unique aspects into a learning experience. Examples from both educational contexts and common life experiences are used to illustrate the role each stage plays in maximizing the learning within an experience.
New Opportunities and Cautionary Insights about Decentralizing and Deglobalizing Clinical Trials During the Great Lockdown
Authors: Dunlap Denise , Santos Roberto S. , McManus David D. , Buchholz Bryan O. , Hafer Nathaniel S. , Picard MaryAnn
Published: November 2020

The 2020s began with a rare coronavirus (COVID-19) disaster, which led to a pandemic-induced recession and Great Lockdown. In response, there has been a worldwide mobilization of resources to detect, treat, and cure the virus. Some policymakers are advocating for the repatriation of globally distributed healthcare know-how. Without a cure for COVID-19, the ambiguity concerning how coronavirus-related policies will impact international business remains unclear. Through a multi-method approach, our study sheds light on two key healthcare industry trends: decentralization and deglobalization of clinical trials. We offer actionable strategies to not only mitigate these challenges, but also to take advantage of their new opportunities
Injury Characteristics among the Cricket Trainees of Bangladesh Krira Shikkha Protishtan (BKSP)
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Najmul , Islam Md. Robiul , Mazumder Md. Rejwan Gani
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Cricket is a popular, well known and most played common sports in Bangladesh which is dynamic, complex, and vulnerable to injuries. Objective: To find out the common sports injuries among the professional cricket playing students of Bangladesh Krira Shikkha Protisthan (BKSP). Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study with 70 students from the cricket section of BKSP. Data has been collected with a semi-structured survey questionnaire from January to June 2019. Result: The results showed most of the participants are in their second decade of life and the highest percentage of participants age was 20 (27.1%), similarly height (cm) mean and standard deviation (167.43±5.157) and found the highest percentage of participant’s height 27 cm (38.5%). The weights of the respondents were 65.514 ± 7.539 kg and BMI of the respondent were 23.311 ± 2.048. Major playing site 82.9% (n=58) were batsman, 60% (n=42) were bowlers and 18.6% (n=13) were in wicketkeeper. The study found 55.7% (n=39) of the respondents had upper limb injury, 22.9% (n=16) had rotator cuff injuries, 10% (n=7) had tennis elbow, 10% (7) had acute soft tissue injuries, 10% (7) had an ankle sprain and 21.4% (15) had cuff muscle pull. Conclusion: The study found upper limb injuries are most common than lower limb injuries for the cricket trainees in Bangladesh. Moreover, the shoulder is one of the most vulnerable sites of injuries.
As perguntas para desenvolver estratégias: Álgebra e Resolução de Problemas no Ensino Médio
Authors: Pinheiro Joseane Mirtis de Queiroz , Medeiros Kátia Maria de
Published: November 2020

Esta pesquisa de Mestrado, com um recorte aqui apresentado, teve como objetivo investigar como as perguntas podem promover o desenvolvimento de estratégias de resolução de problema algébrico no 3º Ano do Ensino Médio. Realizada com duas alunas do 3° Ano do Ensino Médio numa Escola pública da Rede Estadual da cidade de Afogados da Ingazeira – PE, em setembro/2015 a agosto/2016. A Metodologia da pesquisa foi qualitativa e envolveu dois estudos de caso. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram entrevistas e tarefa de resolução de um problema algébrico. Os resultados sugerem que as alunas compreendem que resolver problema é diferente de fazer exercícios. Perguntar serve para tirar dúvidas, relembrar assuntos ou aprender mais sobre um conteúdo, permitem ao professor obter informação, levantamento de conhecimentos prévios, além de explorar seu modo de pensar sobre a Matemática, interpretação, busca por soluções, reflexões, conjecturas e favorecimento dos cálculos escritos. Além disso, desenvolveram duas estratégias de resolução, uma utilizando a Aritmética, outra, o Sistema de Equações Lineares do 1º Grau. As perguntas lhes ajudaram a tomar decisões e proceder com o cálculo de modo satisfatório e as fizeram ampliar seu raciocínio algébrico. A linguagem algébrica não parecera constituir problema para elas.
Interpretación de la cuentística tradicional del pueblo Awajun de El Cenepa-Perú mediante el análisis morfológico
Authors: Quispe Cutipa Walter Arturo , Ugkuch Antun Robert , Flores Meza Angela Roxana , Ferrari Fernández Freddy Elar
Published: November 2020

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo interpretar la cuentística tradicional del pueblo Awajun mediante el enfoque de morfología del cuento propuesta por Vladimir Propp. La investigación es de tipo básica y nivel descriptivo. Se realizó el estudio con una muestra de siete cuentos obtenidos de moradores ancianos de las comunidades nativas Awajún Kusu kubaim, Kusu chico y Pampaents del distrito El Cenepa en Amazonas, a través del relato oral de, se utilizó una guía de análisis e interpretación elaborada por los autores, con base en el enfoque de morfología del cuento de Vladimir Propp. Los resultados evidencian que la cuentística de estos poblados Awajún comunica un particular empleo de las alegorías y una visión del mundo hierofánica, moralizadora, comunitaria y utilitarista.
Dental Anatomy and Physiology of Human Tooth and the Consequences of Pathogenic Microbiota on the Oral Cavity
Authors:   Department of Biology, Dilla University, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Dilla, Ethiopia, Hailu Firew Admasu , Hailu Yodit Admasu ,   Addis Ababa Kolfe Health Center, Department of Clinical Nurse, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Hailu Tsion Admasu ,   Addis Ababa Medical and Business College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Published: November 2020

Background: Biologically, there are about 700 microbial species found in our oral cavity with a favorable habitat due to nutrients and insulate for the development of a complex ecosystem in the mouth. The bacterial population is a result of dynamic relationship between pathogens and commensal, increases oral diseases and other risk factors. The non-beneficial microbiome have direct link to dental problems created by chemical, acids produced by bacteria and direct contact of tooth surfaces. Ina addition, the human teeth is made of many tissues with different thickness, functions, and types and also similar layers and sets of teeth. Objectives: This article mainly assess the biology of dental anatomy and physiology, impact potential of oral pathogenic microbiota and their consequences on human oral cavity. Methods: Important information’s about dental of human and consequences of pathogenic microbiota from various international published sources, such as researches, reviews, health and biology books, organized and rewrite based on the standard scientific methods. Results and conclusions: Based on human anatomy and physiology, the human teeth is made up of multiple tissues of minerals with varying thickness and rigidity, four types of teeth with different functions, crown and root parts of a teeth with three layers. In addition, similar to other mammals, human beings develop two sets of teeth as “deciduous and permanent” called diphyodont. Moreover, human mouth is the most colonized parts of our bodies that support as important habitats of heterogeneous microbial communities due to nourished nutrients with optimum insulate for development in the mouth, and they can simply bind on tooth surfaces. Therefore, due to exogenous material over tooth surfaces produced chemicals and pathogenic microbiota directly contact to occluding or proximal surfaces cause decaying and eroding of human tooth and other potential impacts like bad smell associated consequences on the oral cavity.
Accessory Caveatted Uterine Mass: A Case Report
Authors:   Consultant Gynaec Endoscopic Surgeon, Grant Medical College, Mumbai, India, Naiknaware Sachin Vijay
Published: November 2020

Accessory caveatted uterine mass (ACUM) represents a new verity of mullein anomaly that is usually located at the level of insertion of round ligament and is probably related to a dysfunction of female Gebrnaculum. ACUM is described in literature as an accessory isolated caveatted uterine mass which is lined by endometrium but with no communication to normal uterine cavity. Usually it protrudes from a normally shaped and functional uterus and mostly is located on lateral uterine wall below the insertion of round ligament. Till now this condition is not included in ESHRE Classification system and because of this it is not so commonly diagnosed, these patients are usually presented with severe dysmenorrhea and chronic pelvic pain and some report showed coincidence of ACUM and endome-triosis in 5-6%of patients which are usually less than 30 years old [1]. ACUM needs to be differentiated from other similar conditions such as 1. Rudimentary and caveatted uterine horns 2. Adeno-myosis with cystic or degenerated areas. 3. Essential and primary dysmenorrhea. 4. Degenerated fibroids. So proper diagnosis and raised awareness of ACUM can leads to earlier access to treatment.
The Value of Collaborating with Undergraduate Students on an Interdisciplinary Project
Authors: Martin Mackenzie , Eales Jacquie , Fast Janet , Florentino Carlos , Strickfaden Megan
Published: November 2020

In this reflective case study, an interdisciplinary collaboration among undergraduate students in a computing science course with a team of graduate and faculty researchers at the same Canadian university will be described. The paper will then outline the considerable benefits that resulted from this community service-learning approach. The paper will also delineate recommendations for others wishing to utilize a similar model in future so as to maximize the effectiveness of such partnerships.
Journalists and the intermediation of open data
Authors: Enaholo Patrick , Dina Doyinsola
Published: November 2020

Chapter 2 in the edited volume
Situating Open Data.
Using open data for public services
Authors: Marcus Miranda , Parkes Ed , Karger-Lerchl Therese , Hardinges Jack , Vasileva Roza
Published: November 2020

Chapter 3 in the edited volume
Situating Open Data.
Localising global commitments: Open data insub-national contexts in Indonesia and the Philippines
Authors: Canares Michael
Published: November 2020

Chapter 4 in the edited volume
Situating Open Data.
Closing the gaps in open data implementation at sub-national government level in Indonesia
Authors: Srimarga Ilham Cendekia , Christian Markus
Published: November 2020

Chapter 5 in the edited volume
Situating Open Data.
The cost of late payments in public procurement
Authors: Pane Juan , Salazar Camila , Paciello Julio
Published: November 2020

Chapter 6 in the edited volume
Situating Open Data.
Connecting flows and places: Flows of (open) data to, from and within hyperlocal communities in Tanzania
Authors: Van Schalkwyk Francois
Published: November 2020

Chapter 7 in the edited volume
Situating Open Data.
Decentralised open data publishing for the public transport route planning ecosystem
Authors: Rojas Julián , Marcelis Bert , Vlassenroot Eveline , Van Compernolle Mathias , Colpaert Pieter , Verborgh Ruben
Published: November 2020

Chapter 8 in the edited volume
Situating Open Data.
Interpretation of the concept of joint property of spouses in international private legal relations
Authors: Руденко А.В. , Бугара Е.И.
Published: November 2020

В настоящей статье рассматриваются вопросы законного и доктринального толкования совместной собственности супругов в Российской Федерации. Проанализирован подход зарубежных стран к составу такого имущества и режимам его регулирования. Семейные отношения относятся к частноправовой сфере, что предполагает минимальное вмешательство государства к вопросам их регулирования. Имущественное положение супругов разниться, в том числе, и в зависимости от правовой семьи, которая характерна для отдельно рассматриваемого государства.

This article addresses the issues of legal and doctrinal interpretation of joint property of spouses in the Russian Federation. The approach of foreign countries to the composition of such property and the regimes of its regulation is analyzed. Family relations belong to the private law sphere, which implies minimal state intervention in their regulation. The property statuses of the spouses vary, including, and depending on the legal family, which is characteristic of a separately considered state.
The European Union, Conflict Management, and the Normative Illusion
Authors: Magalhães Nuno
Published: November 2020

The European Union (EU) has recently become the most active conflict manager, currently deploying more operations than any other organisation. There has been a total of 13 operations of military nature from 2003 to 2019, deployed in Europe and in Africa. The discourse at the level of the European Union emphasizes not only the security of its members but also the importance of humanitarian norms. Do these norms drive the deployment of EU’s military operations? There is literature that recognizes the relevance of norms, suggesting that these factors may indirectly or even directly have a driving impact. On the contrary, I suggest that there is no normative driving impact. To be precise, I argue that power distribution and exposure to conflicts are the fundamental conditions driving the deployment of military operations by the EU.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ TRUNG HẠN PHẪU THUẬT GLENN THEO HAI HƯỚNG TRÊN BỆNH KHÔNG LỖ VAN BA LÁ
Authors: Phuong Vũ Kim , Phan Nguyen Van
Published: November 2020

58 bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật Glenn theo hai hướng bao gồm các trường hợp có hoặc không có tuần hoàn ngoài cơ thể với thời gian theo dõi trung bình46.5 ± 22.4 tháng (ngắn nhất 10 tháng, dài nhất 92 tháng). Trong đó có 34 nam, 24 nữ, tuổi phẫu thuật từ 4 tháng đến 20 tuổi, cân nặng từ 3.5 kg đến 49 kg. Tỷ lệ tử vong trong thời gian nằm viện là (1.72%), không có tử vong muộn. Độ bão hoà oxy trung bình từ 74.7 ± 5.85% trước phẫu thuật tăng lên 89.45 ± 1.78% khi xuất viện và lần theo dõi cuối 86.26 ± 4.3%. Áp lực trung bình động mạch phổi sau phẫu thuật 14.01 ± 2.31 mmHg. Có 7 trường hợp được làm phẫu thuật Fontan với thời gian trung bình 62.85 tháng sau phẫu thuật Glenn.Phẫu thuật Glenn theo hai hướng trên bệnh không lổ van ba lá cho kết quả sớm và trung hạn tốt và là phẫu thuật ở giai đoạn trung gian nhằm chuẩn bị tốt nhất cho phẫu thuật Fontan tiếp theo