bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Awareness of Students on Genetically Modified Organisms in a State University: Basis for a Proposed University Awareness Program
Authors: Co Annalene Grace E. , Soriano Roselle M. , Delizo Rosalyn L. , Magno Kathleen Grace C. , Lopez Liezel S. , Garcia Elizabeth B. , Alip Eduard P.
Published: June 2021

As an educational institution, there is a need to be well informed especially about pressing issues and concerns affecting humanity and one such issue is on the genetically modified organism. GMOs are organisms that have gone through some genetic alterations. It has become a business that may have started with good intentions, but that which have been described by experts as something that can also affect large numbers of people in yet unforeseen ways, that some are not even aware of the fact that they are consuming GMO food. The study aimed to find out the level of awareness of Technology and Livelihood Education students in a State University in Region 02 on Genetically Modified Organisms with the hope that many people will acquire knowledge for the development of the community. It made use of the quantitative descriptive-inferential approach using a questionnaire checklist validated by experts. Weighted mean and Analysis of Variance were used to analyze the data gathered. Findings show that most of the respondents have a low level of awareness on genetically modified organisms in food products and have a very low level of awareness in terms of genetically modified plants, animals, medicine, and the possible health risks these can bring about. Furthermore, findings reveal that there is a significant difference on their level of awareness in terms of genetically modified food products, plants, animals, medicines. With the findings and conclusions gathered, there is a great need to raise the level of awareness of the respondents on genetically modified organisms. Thereby, the researchers proposed the University Awareness Program on genetically modified organisms making every student in the university fully aware of the issue of GMOs.
Formulating A Novel Fluorinated Silica Nanoparticle using Fluoroalkylsilane as a Wettability Alteration Agent
Authors: Ganie Kenny , Dzeti Farhah Mohshim  , Ismail Mohd Saaid  , Wan Rosli Wan Sulaiman  , Ahmad Kamal Idris
Published: June 2021

A novel fluorinated silica nanoparticles were synthesized using 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (FAS17) and further characterized to evaluate the wettability alteration capability. Previous research (1, 2) has utilized fluoroalkanoic acids as the coating agent. First, the in-situ functionalization method employs tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the silica precursor and water-soluble amine as the catalyst. It is then further functionalized with 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (FAS17) with ethanol to attain the novel fluorinated silica nanoparticles. The preliminary characterization from FTIR analysis indicated that the in-situ functionalization was successfully applied. The new bonding formation with fluorine attachment on the novel fluorinated silica nanoparticles is capable to alter the wettability of the solid surface, exhibiting self-cleaning properties.
A Weight Influence of Logarithmic and Exponential Functions on the Selection of Wireless Networks using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods
Authors: Zentani Abdulhakim Mehemed , Nadiatulhuda Zulkifli  , Arnidza Ramli
Published: June 2021

This research aims to study the influence of logarithmic and exponential functions on the multi-criteria decision-making algorithm that changes linear method to nonlinear method. It is carried out to better understand the multi-criteria decision-making, namely the technique for preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) algorithm whereby in which these functions may influence the criteria weights during the selection of the best network. The investigation is applied under different network types to evaluate the most optimum network that leads to better throughput, low latency, minimum BER, and low price per MB. The algorithms are assessed in MATLAB simulation environments. The study also considered the adoption of the Wi-Fi networks standard which is factors such as bandwidth, signal to noise ratio and the channel modulation technique were determined during the decision-making process. The simulation results show that the exponential function had produced approximately similar results to that of linear TOPSIS algorithm because both methods keep the weights to demonstrate positive values. However, logarithmic TOPSIS produced different results as the weights have negative values which lead to a phase shift of 180⁰ during the decision process. Thus, linear TOPSIS was found to have the best results while logarithmic TOPSIS had the worst outcome.
Mechanical Properties of Commercial Particleboard from Rubberwood (Hevea Brasiliensis) and Recycle Mix-Tropical Wood with Different Board Density
Authors: Amali Nur Wafa Amalina , Mohd Yunus Nor Yuziah , Wan Abdul Rahman Wan Mohd Nazri
Published: June 2021

In this study, mechanical properties of commercially manufactured hybrid particleboard from mix-tropical wood and rubberwood with four different densities at 25mm thickness have been investigated. The particleboard sample cutting and testing was in accordance to EN312:2013. The density of particleboard is identified with interval of 10kg/m3 for different densities which include 660kg/m3, 670kg/m3, 680kg/m3 and 690kg/m3. Particleboards were made with the ratio of 40:60 for mix-tropical wood particle and rubberwood particle respectively. The particleboards were prepared with urea formaldehyde (UF) with E1 formulation with addition of wax and hardener.  Increment of 10kg/m3 density for each particleboard led to increase in internal bonding (IB), bending testing include modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE), surface soundness (SS) and screw edge (SE) withdrawal. It was found that with board increment of 10kg/m3, the improvement was not statically significant except that for MOR. All panels met the minimum requirements of standard.
Impact of Rooftop PV Shading on Net Electrical Energy Demand of Buildings in Pakistan
Authors: Maqbool Muhammad Umar , Butt Arslan Dawood , Bhatti Abdul Rauf , Sheikh Yawar Ali , Asif Muhammad Waleed
Published: June 2021

This work performs a quantitative assessment of the impact of rooftop PV installation on building’s net energy demand using model of roof structure and steady state thermal simulations. For this purpose, roof structure typically used in Faisalabad, Pakistan is modeled with and without the shading effect due to a 395 W commercial rooftop PV setup. The simulated parameters include the impact of PV module’s dimensions, mounting position/angle alongside roof size and ambient conditions on heat load of air-conditioning system to maintain a temperature of 25 °C within building’s top floor. During the daylight hours of July, the heat load added by the roof on average reduces from 150.87 BTU/h/m2 without PV to 118.16 BTU/h/m2 with PV structure. This 20.05% reduction in energy demand has been achieved with July’s maximum daytime solar and infrared irradiances of 792.2 W/m2 and 466 W/m2 recorded at an average ambient temperature of 35.5 °C and wind speed of 2.75 m/s. This study provides valuable data on optimization of roof layer structure during building’s construction in anticipation of PV system installation at a later stage. Also developed techniques/methods to reduce building’s energy budget due to PV installation, can be valuable input for construction industry as well.
ATOPIC DERMATITIS: DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS (PART 1)
Authors: Оkhotnikova O. N. , Yakovleva N. Y. , Duda L. V.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the topical problem of clinical allergology — differential diagnosis of atopic dermatitis (AD). The clinical manifestations of AD are quite similar to the extremely large number of different diseases and pathological conditions in children, which often leads to misdiagnosis. The complexity of the differential diagnosis of AD in children with a detailed description of different pediatrics diseases: from dermatological diseases (seborrheic dermatitis, eczema, shingles, scabies, ichthyosis, psoriasis, bullous epidermolysis, allergic dermatitis, cutaneous mastocytosis) to oncological (T-cell skin lymphoma), orphan metabolic diseases (hereditary disorders of tryptophan metabolism, phenylketonuria, Nezerton’s syndrome, etc.) and primary immunodeficiencies (Bruton’s disease, Job’s syndrome, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, selective IgA immunodeficiency etc.) is described. Сommon features of above mentioned diseases are listed in the article, also, special attention is paid to variety of the pathognomonic symptoms. Key words: atopic dermatitis, differential diagnosis, children.
ÇOK-ETNİLİ ALANLARDA MÜZİKTE KULLANILAN DİL ÜZERİNE BİR ALAN ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: MAK Mahir
Published: June 2021

Birden fazla etnisitenin, dinin, dilin, kültürün bir arada yaşadığı alanlarda zamanla, bu farklılıklar arasında gelişen diyaloğun şiddetine bağlı olarak bir etkileşim yaşanır. Mardin gibi farklı kültürlerin bir arada yaşadığı alanlarda, ortaya çıkan topluluklar arası karşılıklı etkileşimin izleri, Mardin müzik kültürü özelinde aranmış, somut izahları yapılmaya çalışılmıştır. Arap, Kürt, Süryani, Ermeni, Mahallemi ve Türk topluklarının bir arada yaşadığı bu alan içerisinde, öncelikli olarak var olan kültürel yapı tanımlanmıştır. Ardından diyaloğun dili, dilin kullanım yaygınlığına bağlı olarak konuşuldukları yere ve kullanım alanlarına göre belirlenmiştir. Son olarak, Mardin’in temsil ettiği çok kültürlü alanın müzik kültürü örneği “Allah Iyhelli Efendine” isimli eserden faydalanılarak, topluluklar arası etkileşimin izleri çok dillik üzerinden anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. Etnografik bir alan araştırması olan çalışmada, nitel araştırmalarda kullanılan veri toplama tekniklerinden görüşme, gözlem ve doküman analiz yöntemleri kullanılmıştır.
İLHAN USMANBAŞ’IN VİYOLONSEL-PİYANO ESERLERİNİN ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: AYGÜN Barış , BULUT Muzaffer Özgü
Published: June 2021

Makalenin kapsamında İlhan Usmanbaş’ın viyolonsel ve piyano ikilisi için bestelediği dört eser yer almaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı eserlerin önemini, ilişkilendirildikleri akımların ve tekniklerin ilkelerinin kullanım şeklini, konservatuvar ve enstitü müfredatlarında yer alabilecekleri aşamaları ve icralarında dikkat edilmesi gereken hususları ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma verileri kaynak taramasıyla ve uzmanlarla görüşmeler ve yazışmalar yoluyla toplanmıştır. Uzman grubunda besteci/teorisyenler ile eserleri besteci ile çalışarak seslendirmiş bir viyolonsel sanatçısı yer almaktadır. Makalenin giriş bölümünde kısaca konu ile ilgili diğer kaynaklara, bestecinin söz konusu dört eseri bestelediği dönemlere ve kullandığı besteleme tekniklerine değinilmiştir. Bulgularda her bir eserin formu, teknik ve müzikal içeriği ve çalışma süreci ilgili uzman fikirleri detaylı olarak paylaşılmıştır ve amaç cümlesindeki sıralamaya göre yorumlanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda söz konusu eserlerin her birinin türünün ilk örneklerinden olduğu, bir arada geniş perspektifli bir albüm repertuvarı oluşturdukları, her birinde özgün tekniklerin varlığı ve viyolonsel müfredatlarında lise son sınıftan, lisans ve yüksek lisansa kadar geniş bir kapsamda değerlendirilebilecekleri saptanmıştır.
TÜRK SANAT MÜZİĞİ GELENEĞİNDE MANDIRA TÜRÜ VE YAPISAL ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: DOĞRUÖZ Muattar Demet
Published: June 2021

Türk sanat müziği repertuvarında zeybek, sirto, longa ve mandıra gibi kökeni halk dansı ve müziklerine dayanan çalgısal türler, sanat müziği geleneği mensupları tarafından çeşitli işlevleri doğrultusunda yaratılmış ve geleneğin parçası haline gelmişlerdir. Bu araştırmada, yaklaşık bir buçuk asır önce gelenek dairesinde ilk örneğine rastlanan mandıra türü incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın amacı, mandıra türünü belirleyen yapısal özellikleri ortaya koymak ve türün kimlik işaretleyicisi özelliklerinin “oyun havası” veya “saz eseri” genellemeleri içinde zayıflamasının önüne geçmektir. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda, mandıra türünde bestelenen eserlerin özelliklerini belirli kavramlar ve temalar çerçevesinde bir araya getirmek, düzenlemek ve sınıflandırabilmek üzere, içerik analizi yöntemine başvurulmuştur. Bu çerçevede yapılan analizlerde, mandıraların biçim özelliklerine ilişkin; biçim kurgusu, bölüm sayısı ve hane tasarımı inşa şekilleri değerlendirilmiştir. Mandıraların ritim özelliklerine ilişkin; usûl tipleri, ikâ tipleri ve tempo özellikleri irdelenmiştir. Mandıraların hacim özelliğine dair çıkarımlar, eserlerin cümle sayıları incelenerek yapılmıştır. Tür incelenirken yapısal simetri özellikleri de değerlendirilmiş, bu kapsamda; cümle ölçü sayısı, çatal cümle ve çatal cümlecik inşa şekilleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Tür incelemesinde makama bağlı işitsel etki değiştiricilere ilişkin özellikler ise geçki ve çeşni kullanımlarına bağlı olarak açıklanmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda elde edilen veriler, istatistik programı kullanılarak sunulmuş ve yorumlanmıştır.
ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES AND RADIONUCLIDES – PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Popova Katya , Mincheva Maria , Yavahchova Maria , Goutev Nikolay , Tonev Dimitar
Published: June 2021

Over the past decade, antisense technology has successfully established itself as an entirely innovative platform for research and creation of new therapies. Significant advances in the design of antisense oligonucleotides, as well as a deeper understanding of their mechanisms of action, have led to their successful clinical application in many RNA-targeted therapies. In addition, their potential for in vivo imaging by radiolabeling has been identified. Here are discussed the prospects for the use of antisense oligonucleotides in nuclear medicine and highlighted some of the advantages and disadvantages of labelling them with radionuclides.
Fully implicit numerical integration of the Yoshida-Uemori two-surface plasticity model with isotropic hardening stagnation
Authors: Fincato Riccardo , Tsutsumi Seiichiro , Zilio Alex , Mazzucco Gianluca , Salomoni Valentina
Published: June 2021

The paper deals with the numerical investigation and implementation of the two-surface plasticity model (or bounding surface model). This plasticity theory allows to describe the deformation behavior under large strain cyclic plasticity and the material stress-strain responses at small-scale re-yielding after large pre-straining. A novel strategy to model the isotropic hardening stagnation is developed within a fully implicit integration scheme in order to speed up the computation and to improve the material description.
Reliability and Reliability-based Sensitivity Analyses of Steel Moment-Resisting Frame Structure subjected to Extreme Actions
Authors: Sadeghi Abbasali , Kazemi Hamid , Samadi Maysam
Published: June 2021

The ground external columns of buildings are vulnerable to the extreme actions such as a vehicle collision. This event is a common scenario of buildings' damages. In this study, a nonlinear model of 2-story steel moment-resisting frame (SMRF) is made in OpenSees software. This paper aims investigating the reliability analysis of aforementioned structure under heavy vehicle impact loadings by Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) in MATLAB software. To reduce computational costs, meta-model techniques such as Kriging, Polynomial Response Surface Methodology (PRSM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) are applied and their efficiency is assessed. At first, the random variables are defined. Then, the sensitivity analyses are performed using MCS and Sobol's methods. Finally, the failure probabilities and reliability indices of studied frame are presented under impact loadings with various collision velocities at different performance levels and thus, the behavior of selected SMRF is compared by using fragility curves. The results showed that the random variables such as mass and velocity of vehicle and yield strength of used materials were the most effective parameters in the failure probability computation. Among the meta-models, Kriging can estimate the failure probability with the least error, sample number with minimum computer processing time, in comparison with MCS.
Railway overhead contact wire monitoring system by means of FBG sensors
Authors: Ciro Zuleta Erwin , Lupi Carla , Felli Ferdinando , Paris Claudio , Vendittozzi Cristian
Published: June 2021

Safety of infrastructures represents one of the most significant concerns for governments and service providers to preserve people's well-being. One of the main ways to keep in safe facilities (buildings, bridges, railways, etc.) involves the use of monitoring sensor systems in charge of measuring critical operating conditions. Those measurements together with periodical maintenance, contribute to minimize potential risks that the infrastructure faces. The paper aims at designing, developing, and testing a monitoring system for mechanical stresses acting on the overhead contact wire (OCW) to ensure the operational safety of the railway network. In this regard, the paper proposes two Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors-based solutions, relying on the ability of these sensors to allow real-time and continuous data acquisition. The first one consists in a polyimide-coated sensor bonded on an OCW clamp, the second one is a copper-coated sensor hanging between the two separated halves of an OCW clamp. Significant results have been obtained mechanically testing both solutions, trying to simulate the operative conditions.
DEDIKASI ULAMA KALIMANTAN DALAM MENGATASI POLEMIK PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Azmi Noor
Published: June 2021

Ulama are community leaders who have the highest religious competence in society and lead Ulama to become religious leaders. In addition to religious leadership, ulama also have social leadership that is able to control many individuals or groups. This study aims to reveal the form of clerical leadership in South Kalimantan during the Covid-19 condition. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. The research data is taken from some information posted on trusted websites. The results of the study show that ulama in South Kalimantan practice religious transformational leadership in society.
PROBLEMATIKA HARI PUISI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Washadi Washadi
Published: June 2021

UNESCO telah menetapkan Hari Puisi Dunia pada tanggal 21 Maret, tidak sama dengan tanggal yang ditetapkan kebanyakan negara-negara Eropa, yaitu tanggal 15 Oktober, berdasarkan tanggal lahir Publius Vergilius Maro atau yang biasa dikenal dengan Virgil. Di Indonesia, Hari Puisi diperingati pada tanggal 26 Juli dan 28 April merujuk pada hari kelahiran dan kematian Chairil Anwar. Penulis tertaik dengan dua tanggal tersebut karena dalam perkembangannya menimbulkan problematika. Dalam kajian pustaka, Penulis mencari referensi dan sumber-sumber ilmiah berkaitan dengan Hari Puisi. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan agar problematika Hari Puisi di Indonesia segera terselesaikan demi kepentingan bersama, baik penyair, pemerhati puisi, maupun penikmat puisi, dan seluruh bangsa Indonesia pada umumnya.Kata kunci: Hari, Puisi, Indonesia, Nasional
PENGEDALIAN GULMA PADA TANAMAN KARET (hevea brasiliensis, Mull, Arg.) DI INSTALASI BENIH PERKEBUNAN KUALU UPT TPH BUN PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Hendi Andrean
Published: June 2021

Tanaman karet (Hevea brasiliensis Mull, Arg.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang dibudidayakan di Indonesia dan memberikan andil yang cukup besar terhadap devisa negara diantara hasil perkebunan lainnya, dan menempati urutan ketiga setelah migas dan kayu (Setyamidjaja, 1993). Pengendalian gulma di kebun karet menghasilkan sangatlah penting untuk menekan jumlah pengeluaran dan meningkatkan hasil produksi. Pengendalian gulma harus mengikuti aturan yang dianjurkan. Kesalahan dalam pengendalian dapat mengurangi produksi lateks. Pengendalian dapat dilakukan dengan cara mekanis, kultur teknis, hayati, preventif , kimia dan pengendalian terpadu. Saat ini, pengendalian gulma secara kimiawi merupakan alternatif terbaik untuk skala perkebunan yang luas. Berdasarkan uraian di atas  penulis menyusun usulan magang mengenai“Pengendalian Gulma Pada Tanaman Karet (Hevea brasiliensis) Di Instalasi Benih Perkebunan Kualu UPT TPH BUN Provinsi Riau ”.
Correlation of Prolonged Total Ischemic Time with Body Mass Index in Kidney Transplant: A Single Center Report
Authors: Eriawan Agung Nugroho  , Erwin Wibowo  , Aryani Prathita Amanda
Published: June 2021

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a rising health concern worldwide, especially in Indonesia. The treatment of choice for end-stage renal disease is Kidney Transplantation.1 Numerous studies showed that prolonged total ischemic ischemic time may cause hypoxia of the graft tissue and increased risk of ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) and delayed graft function (DGF).2 Body mass index of kidney transplant recipients may cause prolonged duration of the procedure, as well as prolonged total ischemic time. This study aimed to determine the correlation between prolonged total ischemic time with body mass index.

Method: This was an observational and cross-sectional analysis at Kariadi General Hospital Semarang involving patients who underwent kidney transplantation from January 2016 to December 2019. The total ischemic time was recorded intraoperatively. The Body Mass Index data were provided by medical records. The program used to statistically analyze the data was SPSS 23.0, and Spearman was used for hypothesis testing.

Result: This study included 25 kidney transplant recipients. The mean total ischemic time was 43,27 ± 6,63 minutes. There was a significant positive correlation between prolonged ischemic time and body mass index (r= 0,506 ; p= 0,010).

Conclusion: Prolonged total ischemic time was positively correlated with increased body mass index and these results are statistically significant.
Psychological Effect of Media Use on Mental Health of Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Negarestani Mozhgan , Rashedi Vahid ,   School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mohamadzadeh Marzieh ,   Mane and Semelghan Health Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Science, Bojnurd, Iran., Borhaninejad Vahidreza ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Low media literacy and exposure to media-produced content during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic can affect the health of people in the community. This study aims to investigate the psychological effects of media use on the mental health of community-dwelling older adults. Methods & Materials: In this descriptive-analytical study with a cross-sectional design, 200 elderly people aged ≥60 years participated who were selected from daycare rehabilitation centers and retirement centers in Kerman, Iran in 2020 using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected using a demographic form (Surveying age, gender, education, occupation, marital status, income, and media use), and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Results: The mean age of participants was 66.60 ± 5.08 years. More than three-quarters of them were following the latest COVID-19 news via media (Local radio and television). Most of them (77.4%) had poor mental health status. Higher educational level (P<0.001), employment (p=0.003), and low frequency of media use (P<0.001) were the protective factors against poor mental health. High-frequency media use was a risk factor for the mental health of older adults during the COVID-19 outbreak. Conclusion: The mental health of community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic is affected by media use and its frequency. It is recommended that older adults should avoid following the latest COVID-19 news, especially those from unreliable sources. Moreover, media managers should have more control over the news related to the COVID-19.
Analyzing the Elderly’s Quarantine-related Experiences in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Gholamzad Shakiba , Saeidi Narges ,   Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Danesh Shiva ,   Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ranjbar Hadi ,   Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institue, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Zarei Mahsa ,   Department of Gerontology, School of Behavioral Science and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Objectives: The present study aimed to discover the lived experiences of the older adults from quarantine during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods & Materials: This qualitative study employed a content analysis method. Sampling was performed in 10 subjects using a purposive sampling method and continued until data saturation. Semi-Structured face-to-face interviews were used to collect the necessary data. The texts of the interviews were analyzed by qualitative method. Results: As a result of the interviews, the two main themes of negative outcomes with the sub-themes of illness anxiety, low mood, death anxiety, interpersonal conflicts, social isolation, treatment limitations, and reduced physical activity as well as the main themes of positive outcomes with the sub-theme of lifestyle improvements were discovered. Each of the above-mentioned themes had several supporting semantic units. Conclusion: The themes discovered based on lived experience provided useful information about the effects of quarantine on biopsychological health and quality of life of the elderly; these characteristics can be considered in treatment planning and measures for this group.
Prevalence and Factors Related to Self-Medication for COVID-19 Prevention in the Elderly
Authors:   Department of Nursing, Aging Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Iran., Heshmatifar Narjes , Davarinia Motlagh Quchan Arezoo ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Student Research Committee, School of Paramedics, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Iran., Mohammadzadeh Tabrizi Zohreh ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Student Research Committee, School of Paramedics, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Iran., Moayed Leila ,   Department of Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Iran., Moradi Sajad ,   Vasei Hospital, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran., Rastagi Sedighe ,   Department of Biostatistics, Student Research Committee, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Borzooei Fatemeh ,   Department of Operating Room, Aging Research Center, School of Paramedics, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Objectives: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis and health outcomes are among the major human social events of the 21st century. The unknown nature of the disease and the fear of contagion have caused emotional reactions, including the self-consumption of drugs in the elderly. Therefore, this study investigated factors affecting the self-consumption of drugs for COVID-19 prevention in the elderly. Methods & Materials: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed on 342 elderly in Sabzevar City, Iran, in 2020. The research units were selected as clusters from 16 health centers. The necessary data were collected by an online self-medication questionnaire. Data analysis was performed in SPSS. Results: The Mean±SD age of the study participants was 66.2±5.67 years. The frequency of self-medication to prevent COVID-19 was 190(55.5%); analgesics, vitamins, anti-cold, and antibiotics were the most common drugs used. The major factors associated with self-medication in the COVID-19 pandemic were disease prevention, home quarantine, financial problems, experiencing previous self-medication, and others’ advice. There was a significant relationship between self-medication and education and insurance coverage. No significant relationship was observed between gender, occupation, and marital status, and self-medication. Conclusion: Self-Medication in the COVID-19 epidemic is notable as a crisis threatening the elderly’s health. Controlling and monitoring how the drug is used is among the requirements for protection and health promotion in the elderly.
Key Fault Lines in the System of International Relations
Authors: YAKOVLEV Petr
Published: June 2021

The rapid ubiquitous spread of the coronavirus pandemic has quickly accelerated changes in the established world order and given an extra impetus to transforming the system of geopolitical relations. The fundamental implications of these tectonic shifts, which began several years before the COVID-19, have yet to be fully understood and assessed. However, some trends, which portend deep rifts in international relations and directly affect the geostrategic interests of the Russian Federation, can be already identified.
Vaclav Havel, Russia and Nato
Authors: ZADOROZHNYUK Ella
Published: June 2021

The attitude of Vaclav Havel, the first head of the post-Communist Czech Republic, towards NATO went beyond just Atlanticism and included some reverence for the Atlantic bloc. Havel moralistically encouraged the bombing of Yugoslavia and the interventions in Iraq and Libya; he urged to bring NATO closely to Russian borders and to punish Russia for the USSR's sins and potential imperial ambitions. Such views, though not shared by most Czech citizens, have long defined foreign policy priorities of some Czech political elites. Their traces are being found at the brink of the third decade of the 21st century. However, Havel's approach, always in praise of NATO, has been recognized as futile even by his strong supporters.
Technology of an Unfree World. I. Primary Code
Authors: RITZ Hauke
Published: June 2021

The actual technological revolution challenges our ideas about civilization to a much larger extent than all previous technological breakthroughs. Does it not lead us into a new world where there is no place for human freedom, and what has made possible such a trajectory of technological progress? To answer the latter question, it is necessary to analyze the logic of natural science development as well as the currently dominant scientific image of the universe. In the first part of his research, the author focuses on the premises of the scientific method, on the basic assumptions about the nature of our reality, which precede any scientific research and unconsciously structure the perception of reality.
Produzione accademica ed educativa di uno studente magistrale in EPT Of IFAP Macapá, Amapá, Amazônia, Brasile
Authors: Viana Valderi Nascimento , Fecury Amanda Alves , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: June 2021

La produzione scientifica all’interno di corsi di laurea e laurea ha la sua importanza per la costruzione di un nuovo modo di pensare dello studente. Il Master Professionale in Formazione Professionale in Rete Nazionale (ProfEPT) unisce contenuti disciplinari, conoscenze pedagogiche e produzione accademica finale e li collega a situazioni reali di pratica educativa, e il lavoro finale può essere presentato in vari modi (articoli, libri, prodotti educativi). La produzione accademica, sia del consulente che della guida, oltre all’importanza legata alla divulgazione scientifica, ha peso nella valutazione del programma e anche nella sua manutenzione. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è quello di mostrare quantitativamente la produzione accademica ed educativa di uno studente di master in Educazione Professionale e Tecnologica (EPT) dell’Istituto di Istruzione, Scienza e Tecnologia (IFAP) di Macapá, Amapá, Amazônia, Brasile. Durante il master, la produzione scientifica in varie forme si è rivelata necessaria durante il processo di formazione. Unire la teoria alla pratica della scrittura, ha facilitato la produzione della tesi che dovrebbe essere presentata alla fine del corso. Attraverso il processo di organizzazione, la pianificazione delle idee ha portato a un nuovo pensiero strutturato secondo gli standard dell’accademia, ma che non si limita a questo spazio e alle sue norme. La produzione durante il master cerca di contribuire sia quantitativamente che qualitativamente alla produzione scientifica della regione settentrionale, imprevolandosi positivamente e con il programma del master. Oltre all’importanza nel contributo della creazione e diffusione scientifica, le produzioni tendono ad avere un impatto positivo sulla valutazione e sul mantenimento del programma PROFEPT-IFAP, svolto da CAPES.
Analysis of the Demand for Berries in Mexico: An Application of the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) Model
Authors: VALDES ZAMORA ALEJANDRA , García-Mata Roberto , Martínez-Damián Miguel A. , García-Sánchez Roberto C.
Published: June 2021

Objective: To identify the factors affecting the demand for berries in Mexican households, as well as the behavior in face of variations in economic income.
Design/Methodology/Approach: In order to analyze the demand, microdata were used from the National Income-Expenditure Survey of Households 2018 (Encuesta Nacional Ingreso Gasto de los Hogares, ENIGH) from the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática, INEGI), and for its modelling the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model was used.
Results: Because of their Marshallian elasticity, berries are an elastic good (-1.0316), and because of their expenditure elasticity they are a luxury good (1.0691). In terms of crossed Marshallian elasticities, sweet fruits and sugary beverages were identified as substitute goods with elasticity of 0.0013 and 0.0380, respectively, while semi-acid fruits and melons would be complementary goods, with elasticities of -0.0191 and -0.0184, respectively.
Study Limitations/Implications: Given that most of the time series of the berries lack disaggregation and sufficient information, it is difficult to analyze each component of the group separately; therefore, it was decided to analyze the group of berries and its relationship with other goods; in addition, the ENIGH database was selected, which provides more information.
Conclusions: There are state differences in the response to changes in prices and income with regard to the demand for berries, so that facing a generalized increase in household income consumption would increase much more in the center of the country than in the south-southeast.
Evaluation of fertilization of hydroponically cultivated castor bean (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors: Gómez Gonzalez Adrián , Reyes-Contreras J.G. , García Eduviges Javier , Hernández-Ríos I. , Amante-Orozco A. , Méndez-Gallegos S. de J. , Silos-Espino H.
Published: June 2021

Objective: To determine the influence of fertilization on the growth and yield of five accessions of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) cultivated in a hydroponic system.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Five outstanding accessions of the castor bean collection at COLPOS-Campus SLP were established: El Orito (EO), Encarnación de Díaz (ED), Salinas (SA), Ranchería de Guadalupe (RG) and San Luis (SL). The NPK (ppm) fertilization levels tested were: low (LL; 140, 50, 150), medium (ML; 210, 80, 250); high (HL; 280, 110, 350) and a control (NF; No fertilizer). The experimental design was a randomized blocks, with a 5x4 factorial arrangement (accession x fertilizer level).
Results: The differences in grain production were only significant (?=0.05) between the NF control (31 g plant-1) and the three levels of fertilization (1103, 973 and 967 g plant-1, for LL, ML, and HL, respectively, with no differences among them). Regarding accessions, no differences were observed among them, having ED the highest yield (681 g plant-1). In the case of plant height, NF treatment reached 60 cm, while the other levels had an average height of 170 cm, with HL being the highest (180 cm). The highest oil content (38.4%) was obtained with the ML fertilization.
Study Limitations/Implications: The present study had no obvious limitations.
Findings/Conclusions: For seed yield, significant differences were found only between not fertilizing and fertilizing at any level. Between fertilized levels, however, the differences were not significant, as well as among accessions.
Characterization of producers of Ejido San Luis Huexotla and relationship with socioeconomic structure and agricultural production
Authors: Escalona Maurice Miguel J. , Espinosa Morales Juan Carlos , Ortega Méndez Claudia Ivon , Fernández Ordoñez Yolanda Margarita
Published: June 2021

Objective: To characterize the Ejido agricultural producers relating to their environment and socioeconomic structure in Ejido San Luis Huexotla, Texcoco, state of México, Mexico.
Design / Methodology / Approach: This research joined qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Also, a survey was used and applied to Ejido producers (ejidatarios) of Ejido San Luis Huexotla. To obtain the sample size, total universe of 181 ejidatarios was used; and survey was applied to 50 of them, representing 30% of the population.
Results: The main problems were identified that have changed land uses and ownership in the Ejido. Variables were found, as aging and primary economic activities that are decisive in order to know the current status of the Ejido area; its spatial transformation, and general conditions of Ejido San Luis Huexotla.
Limitations of the study: Although we are referring to an agricultural area with irrigation systems, diverse causes and socioeconomic factors or even external factors have conditioned the agricultural activity of the Ejido system.
Findings / Conclusions: Applying a survey to ejidatarios was decisive to observe the conditions in which the Ejido is being managed; and to assess vulnerability to external events that have transformed the actions at the Ejido; as well as their socioeconomic relationships facing the inevitable de-peasant process (less owners are rural farmers by the day) in current Mexican agricultural lands.
The Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum: Causal Agent of Vascular Withering of Watermelon
Authors: Fernández-Herrera Ernesto , González-Soto Tania E. , Irene Iliana Ramirez Bustos Irene Iliana Ramirez Bustos
Published: June 2021

Objective: To describe Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon) as the causal agent of vascular withering in the watermelon crop (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai).
Design/Methodology/Approach: A review of scientific literature (scientific books, notes and articles) was carried out about Fon as the causal agent of vascular withering in the watermelon crop; biology, symptoms, disease cycle, isolation and management alternatives.
Results: Withering from Fusarium in watermelon is the main fungal disease of this crop worldwide. Necrosis of the vascular tissue and withering of the plant are the most characteristic symptoms of the disease. There are four races of this fungus (Fon race 0, 1, 2 and 3); the commercial varieties of watermelons have different degrees of resistance to these races. Practices such as the correct diagnosis, use of grafts, solarization, fungicides, biological products and genetic resistance can significantly reduce the impact of the disease on the production.
Findings/Conclusions: In Mexico, knowledge about vascular withering of watermelon is scarce despite this disease being one of the factors that limits commercial production. The greatest knowledge about the symptoms, the fungus’s biology, presence and distribution of races, diagnosis and alternatives of Fon management, will allow integrating appropriate management practices that favor the commercial production of the crop.
N, P, K nutrition differentially affects the incidence and severity of the attack of pests and diseases in plants
Authors: Gómez-Trejo Libia F. , Hernández-Acosta Elizabeth , Peralta-Sánchez Ma. Guadalupe
Published: June 2021

Objective: To document and analyze relevant results reported on the relationships kept by the essential elements, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) with biotic stress factors in higher plants.

Design/methodology/approach: A bibliographic analysis was carried out using keywords related to the concepts of nutrient relationship with phytopathogens, plant fertilization and nutrition and biotic stress. Subsequently, the most relevant articles on N, P, and K and their relationship with pests and diseases were selected and analyzed.

Results: The elements N, P, and K affect the development of pests on plants. Fertilization with N tend to increase the presence of pests, while fertilization with P and K decreases it. However, this cannot be generalized for all crops or pests.

Limitations/implications of the study: Research on the effects of N, P, and K on the incidence of phytopathogens is limited and in most cases the mechanisms that determine such relashionship are not described.

Findings/conclusions: Fertilization with N causes a higher incidence of pests and diseases in plants, while fertilization with P and K can contribute to reduce their incidence. However, due to the great diversity of responses, these statements are not applicable to all cases and depend on other factors such as the crop and the pest present in the agroecosystem. It is required to carry out studies that make it possible to clarify exactly how these essential elements influence the development of diseases in different crops, and thus be able to make nutrition recommendations in which limiting biotic factors are taken into account.
STANDARDIZATION OF THE PROCESSES OF ELABORATION OF SMOKED AND NATURAL SAUSAGE AND DETERMINATION OF THE LIFE OF ANAQUEL
Authors: DIEGO ESTUDILLO OSCAR , López-Méndez Erick M. , Campos-Rodríguez Erika
Published: June 2021

Objective: To determine the shelf life of sausage under the natural and smokedprocesses to standardize their manufacturing process, evaluate theirphysicochemical and microbiological quality using a mathematical model of orderzero chemical kinetics.Methodology: The sausage manufacturing process was standardized, and twocooking and preservation methods were applied: boiling and smoking in oak wood.For the shelf-life analysis, a partially staggered sampling was used. The productsamples were kept refrigerated (2 to 6 ºC, for 7 weeks), and physicochemical andmicrobiological analyses were carried out on them every week. A mathematicalmodel based on order zero chemical kinetics was used with the obtained results todetermine the shelf life of the processed products.Results: The shelf life of sausages depends on the applied preservation process;in the case of the traditional (hot water) process, the result was 33 d, andincreased to 56 d in the smoked and cooked with dry heat, due to the watercontent of each product, as well as the smoking antimicrobial action.
La viuda negra
Authors: Villalobos Gabriela
Published: June 2021

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Harry Potter y las virtudes cardinales
Authors: Chistoper Sharon
Published: June 2021

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German Protestants in the Moslavina and Bilogora Regions
Authors: Župančić Vatroslav
Published: June 2021

The article researches the migrations of German Protestants in the area of Moslavina and Bilogora after the issuing of the Protestant Patent and religious liberalization in the second half of the 19th century. First, we research the regional background of the settlers (colonists), and we go on to follow the development of their church communities and parishes. After this, we describe the specific settlements with an absolute or relative German Protestant majority, as well as the historical circumstances of their church organization. Finally, we use sources, literature, and oral history (i.e., interviews) as we research the processes of migration and evacuation of German settlers and Protestants from those parts, as well as the destinies of their pastors and preachers during and after WWII. Due to the scope of the research, the article was divided into two parts. In part 1, the emphasis is on migrations, the settlers’ confessional background, and the founding of the first two large parishes in the region, and after that, we describe other parishes and their branches, their development, and stages of abandonment, as well as the description of their final spiritual workers’ activities.
Faith as a Proper Answer in Crisis
Authors: Handaric Mihai
Published: June 2021

This article addresses the problem of preserving the faith in God while discouraging circumstances, based on the first part of Habakkuk’s prophecy. The message of the book teaches us how to benefit from our faith by presenting the process through which the prophet overcomes the confusion around him, even in God’s acting for his people. In the introduction, it is argued that faith is a basic principle of life, which can be questioned because of difficult circumstances. The first part of the article discusses why Habakkuk’s prophecy can be understood as a “burden,” and the second part presents the historical context of the book of Habakkuk. The third section discusses the internal and external crisis in Judah and the fourth section analyses the prophet’s reaction against the Babylonian crisis. The fifth section described the faith as a proper response to the crisis (2:1-4) while the final section discusses implications of Habakkuk 2:4 for the teaching of the New Testament. In general, we can see that in the first part of Habakkuk (1:1-2:4) the prophet questions the validity of his faith in God, because of the apparent long divine silence about injustice in Judah (1:2-4). Then, he was unhappy with God’s answer, who decided to send a new crisis to solve the first crisis (1:5-6). After the prophet’s complaint (1:7-2:1), God advises him and his people to trust His solution in overcoming the crisis (2:2-4). The insights from the message of Habakkuk analyzed in this article, may help the reader to preserve authentic faith in a time of crisis. Also, that pattern of living by faith from this Old Testament book is taken over by the New Testament authors so that Habakkuk’s expression “the righteous live by their faith” (2:4), is quoted as a key statement for the Gospel message of salvation (Rom. 1:17; Gal. 3:11; Heb. 10:38). But not only that, this statement defines the proper behavior of people in expecting the divine solution of salvation in the time of crisis.
The Religious Imagination and Contemporary Public Theology
Authors: Mocan Beneamin
Published: June 2021

Proces sekularizacije, poznat i kao proces privatizacije religije, odnosno njezino uklanjanje iz javnog i društvenog života, predstavlja baštinu modernizma. Ova je realnost u značajnoj mjeri utjecala (i još uvijek utječe) na kršćansku teologiju. Zbog toga postoji hitna i značajna potreba za obnovom kršćanske teologije, posebno kad je riječ o potrebi za obnovljenom kršćanskom porukom u suvremenom društvu. Premda se činilo kako je javna teologija normalna posljedica potrebe za obnovom kršćanske teologije, ne znači da je obnova zapravo prisutna u mnogim njezinim metodama. Nefleksibilnost njezinih teoloških metoda i terminologije i dalje predstavljaju problem za javnu teologiju. U ovom članku sugeriramo da, pri konstruiranju održive javne teologije, valja uvažiti ovaj novi pomak u antropologiji. Kategorija „religijske imaginacije“ od vitalnog je značaja jer uvažava novu definiciju ljudskog bića koja je bliža postmodernizmu nego modernizmu. Zato u članku prikazujemo mogući značajan doprinos koji religijska imaginacija može pružiti u svrhu revitalizacije suvremene javne teologije. Nadalje, u članku spominjemo nedavna rumunjska istraživanja o ovoj temi u kojima se stavlja još veći naglasak na bogatstvo skriveno u njemu i njezinu moguću svrhu u konstruiranju održive javne teologije.