bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Utilização e Abordagem dos Espaços Não-formais de Educação para o Ensino de Crianças de 3 a 5 Anos de Idade: Uma Análise da Proposta Curricular da Educação Infantil de Venda Nova do Imigrante – ES
Authors: Garcia Júnior Pedro José , Augusto Polastreli Barbosa Manoel
Published: July 2022

O objetivo do estudo é analisar a proposta curricular da rede municipal de Venda Nova do Imigrante-ES quanto a utilização e abordagem dos espaços não-formais de educação para o ensino de crianças de 03 a 05 anos de idade. Para isso, realizou-se uma análise da proposta curricular do município estabelecendo unidades de registros propostas por Bardin (2011). A partir da análise realizada, verificou-se que a proposta curricular de município de Venda Nova do Imigrante, aborda os espaços não-formais de educação são abordados e utilizados de maneira a favorecer o processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos alunos, além disso, observou-se que a maioria das atividades que contemplam a utilização dos espaços não-formais de educação são voltadas para o ensino de ciências, porém também ha propostas voltadas as disciplinas de arte, matemática e linguagens que sugerem a utilização destes ambientes. A utilização destes espaços como ferramenta para o ensino de crianças faz com que o professor possibilite aos alunos uma maior proximidade com temas que são abordados dentro da sala, uma vez que, na Educação Infantil, as crianças vivenciam através do contato com o meio diferentes, temáticas que favorecem a problematização e a aproximação com o que é vivenciado por ela no dia a dia, com isso estes espaços dão a oportunidade para que a criança amplie suas experiências e vivencie novos aprendizados.
Desenvolvimento do Objeto Virtual de Aprendizagem “O que é uma solução?” como Proposta para Aulas de Química
Authors: Carminati Suélen Pereira , Dantas Luiz Felipe Santoro , Alves Thiago Rodrigues de Sá
Published: July 2022

Dada a importância dos conceitos referentes ao conteúdo de soluções no Ensino de Química e do uso das novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação, que vêm revolucionando o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo a elaboração de uma proposta de criação de um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA), intitulado “O que é uma solução?”, por meio da plataforma GO-LAB, a fim de auxiliar professores no uso desse recurso tecnológico em suas aulas. Dessa maneira, este trabalho foi baseado em uma pesquisa do tipo bibliográfica, de caráter exploratório, que observou que o AVA permite que os alunos tenham o benefício de conduzir os experimentos dentro de um ambiente virtual, favorecendo o aprendizado deles por meio da investigação. Os professores ao utilizarem essa proposta, em sala de aula ou no ensino remoto, podem inserir o uso das tecnologias com o propósito de apoiar o processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos estudantes.
DEBATES CONCEITUAIS DE GRANDEZAS E MEDIDAS PARA O ENSINO: AÇÃO FORMATIVA COM ALUNOS DE MESTRADO PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Pozzi de Moraes Campos Ayandara , Moraes Cardozo Coutinho Mayara , Vilela Paiva Maria Auxiliadora
Published: July 2022

Este artigo contempla relato de uma ação formativa com alunos de mestrado do Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação em Ciências e Matemática do Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, ocorrida no segundo semestre de 2019. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa em que se investigaram indícios de ressignificação de saberes para o ensino de conceitos do campo “Grandezas e Medidas”. No que tange à fundamentação teórica acerca dos saberes docentes, baseou-se nos estudos de Lee S. Shulman, Deborah L. Ball e Brent Davis, e, relativamente ao campo conceitual matemático, contou-se com considerações de Bento de J. Caraça, Paulo F. Lima e Paula M. B. Bellemain. Desenvolveu-se essa ação pautados no Concept Study, de modo que se enfatizaram os saberes que emergiram das práticas dos alunos participantes de mestrado, e, à medida que esses saberes foram compartilhados e investigados, verificaram-se indícios de contribuição para a ressignificação de saberes para o ensino dos participantes.
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES E EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA: ESTUDO DE CASO DE UM CAMPUS DO INSTITUTO FEDERAL GOIANO
Authors: Soares da Silva José Wemerson , Almeida Amorim Gomes João Victor
Published: July 2022

A formação de professores é fundamental para que se tenha resultados satisfatórios em seu desempenho docente, além de fomentar a inclusão social em ambiente escolar, compreender as falhas na formação dos professores é essencial para que compreenda e aprimore o processo formativo, tornando-o mais efetivo. Através do estudo de caso, analisamos as matrizes curriculares do curso de licenciatura em ciências biológicas do Instituto Federal Goiano Campus Ceres (Versões 2013-2017), observando como a inclusão social em ambiente escolar está inserida na formação docente. Através desta análise pudemos observar que a primeira matriz curricular do curso, continha uma formação com viés bacharelesca, com poucas evidências de uma licenciatura, com apenas duas disciplinas explícitas que evidenciavam a inclusão durante a formação dos futuros professores, já com a reformulação curricular, realizada em 2017, o curso ganhou novos componentes curriculares que abordam a inclusão escolar de forma efetiva.
OFICINA DE SAPONIFICAÇÃO COMO FERRAMENTA DA PRÁXIS PEDAGÓGICA NO ENSINO DE QUÍMICA ORG NICA COM ÊNFASE EM CTSA
Authors: Fonseca Costa e Silva Ana Júlia
Published: July 2022

O presente projeto busca, através da pesquisa qualitativa e de instrumento didático-pedagógicos, como a Sequência Didática e os Três Momentos Pedagógicos, potencializar o ensino de Química Orgânica para os estudantes do 3º ano do ensino médio, fortalecendo o diálogo entre teoria e prática. Através do desenvolvimento da Oficina de Produção de Sabão Ecológico a partir do Óleo Residual de Fritura, visamos auxiliar na construção de uma consciência acerca das questões ambientais, bem como fomentar uma educação científica que permita, por parte do estudante, uma leitura mais crítica da realidade social.
PROJETO MELIPONIFES: AÇÕES PARA DIVULGAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E CONSERVAÇÃO DAS ABELHAS SEM FERRÃO
Authors: Lemos Bergamaschi Christyan , De Conte Carvalho de Alencar Isabel
Published: July 2022

O Meliponifes é um projeto de ação contínua. Surge no campus Vitória em parceria a Associação de Meliponicultores do Espírito Santo e a Prefeitura Municipal de Vitória, com o objetivo de construir um meliponário que atue como espaço de pesquisas sobre as abelhas nativas sem ferrão, os seus produtos (pólen, mel e própolis) e os serviços ecossistêmicos prestados. Aqui, descrevemos as ações do tripé ensino, pesquisa e extensão realizados e em andamento, a contribuição do projeto para comunidade já envolvida e as nossas perspectivas, com base nos resultados das pesquisas e questionário respondido pelos membros da equipe. Os trabalhos realizados forneceram dados fundamentais sobre o estabelecimento e crescimento populacional das abelhas sem ferrão, guiando decisões para implantação do meliponário no campus. O Meliponifes está prestes a ter seu espaço físico concebido no Ifes e, assim, novas pesquisas poderão ser pensadas e construídas a partir dele.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DO PENSAMENTO ALGÉBRICO: PRODUZINDO SIGNIFICADOS PARA EXPRESSÕES ALGÉBRICAS NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Miola Adriana Fatima de Souza , Canto Flores Leonardo
Published: July 2022

Este texto tem como propósito apresentar uma das ações do Grupo de Pesquisa Tecnologias na Educação Matemática (GPTEM/UFGD), tratando-se de um relato de experiência realizado durante o ano letivo de 2019. Este trabalho foi de cunho qualitativo e teve como objetivo analisar o desenvolvimento da linguagem e do pensamento algébrico de alunos do sétimo ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública de Dourados/MS. Para isso, elaboramos uma tarefa que contemplou a formação e o desenvolvimento da linguagem e do pensamento algébrico. A atividade apoiou-se nas ideias da metodologia do Ensino Exploratório, segundo Canavarro, a qual é estruturada em quatro momentos: Proposição e apresentação da tarefa; Desenvolvimento da tarefa; Discussão coletiva da tarefa e Sistematização. A partir das análises das resoluções dos alunos, identificamos quatro tipos de soluções. Como um dos resultados, destacamos que a metodologia utilizada contribuiu para a compreensão dos conceitos abordados na tarefa proposta.
CONHECIMENTO MÍSTICO AO CIENTÍFICO: QUEM EXPLICA O UNIVERSO?
Authors: Cadete da Penha Marina , Belo de Jesus Thamires
Published: July 2022

O homem, visando compreender o universo, produz uma pluralidade de conhecimentos: lendas, mitos, conhecimento científico entre outros. Assim, conhecer os diferentes tipos de conhecimento é fundamental para a valorização e respeito aos aspectos socioculturais dos diferentes povos. Nessa perspectiva compartilho uma experiência de sequência didática com abordagem sociocultural estruturada a partir dos três momentos pedagógicos de Delizoicov para uma turma do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública de Serra –ES a partir da temática ‘O universo’.

Palavras-chave: Ensino de Astronomia. Ensino de Ciências;.Sequência Didática. Sociocultural.
GAN Inversion of High-Resolution Images
Authors: Deshmukh Tanmay , Bhat Mohit
Published: July 2022

Image generation is the task of automatically generating an image using an input vector z. In recent years, the quest to understand and manipulate this input vector has gained more and more attention due to potential applications. The previous works have shown promising results in interpreting the latent space of pre-trained Generator G to generate images up to 256 x 256 using supervised and unsupervised techniques. This paper addresses the challenge of interpreting the latent space of pre-trained Generator G to generate high-resolution images, i.e., images with resolution up to 1024x1024. This problem is tackled by proposing a new framework that iterates upon Cyclic Reverse Generator (CRG) by upgrading Encoder E present in CRG to handle high-resolution images. This model can successfully interpret the latent space of the generator in complex generative models like Progressive Growling Generative Adversarial Network (PGGAN) and StyleGAN. The framework then maps input vector zf with image attributes defined in the dataset. Moreover, it gives precise control over the output of generator models. This control over generator output is tremendously helpful in enhancing computer vision applications like photo editing and face manipulation. One downside of this framework is the reliance on a comprehensive dataset, thus limiting the use of it.
The Frequency of Early Post Traumatic Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea in Patients with Head Trauma
Authors: Qazi Rabail , Rehman Lal , Ahmed Tanweer , Akbar Qazi Sana , Afzal Ali
Published: July 2022

Objective:  To determine the frequency of early post-traumatic CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) rhinorrhea in patients with head trauma.
Materials and Methods:  A prospective study was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi from 13th December 2019 to 12th December 2020. This study comprised 155 patients who had suffered head trauma. All patients were followed for one week. If patients developed clear, watery discharge from the nose, this was documented as being CSF rhinorrhea. The frequency was then further divided into immediate and early.
Results:  The ages of the patients were 34.28 ± 14.20 years on average. The prevalence of CSF rhinorrhea was observed in 3.2% (5/155) patients. In all the patients, the CSF leak presented within the first 48 hours i.e. it was immediate.
Conclusion:  Although rare, this post-traumatic complication continues to be a challenge in terms of morbidity and subsequent mortality.
Key Words:  Cerebrospinal fluid, Rhinorrhea, Head Trauma.
Results of Endoscopic Septostomy in Isolated Lateral Ventricular Hydrocephalus
Authors: Muhammad Hassan Raza  , Iqbal Ahmad  , Adnan Khaliq  , Zain Saleh
Published: July 2022

Objective:  To determine the success of endoscopic septostomy in the management of isolated lateral ventricular hydrocephalus.

Material and Methods:  A retrospective analysis of data was done and records of all patients who underwent endoscopic septostomy for isolated lateral ventricular hydrocephalus due to any cause for the last 4 years, December 2017 to December 2021 at Punjab Institute of Neurosciences, Lahore. Radiological and clinical outcomes and complications were recorded. A total of 60 cases were reviewed.

Results:  Out of 60 patients, 95% were in the age group of 3 – 25 years and 5% were in the age group of 26 – 71 years. There was 54% male whereas 46% were female. Septostomy was successful in relieving hydrocephalus in 75% of cases.

Conclusion:  Endoscopic septostomy is an effective procedure for the management of isolated lateral ventricles.

Keywords:  Septostomy, Hydrocephalus, Isolated Lateral Ventricles.
Management and Outcome of Ozone Therapy in the Lumbar Spine Disc Disease with and without Use of Corticosteroids
Authors: Syed Aamir Shah  , Fahmida Arab Mallah  , Imran Mirbaher  , Muzamil Dilbar  , Ubaidullah  , Muhammad Anees
Published: July 2022

Objectives:  To determine the Consequences and out-turn of ozone with and without the use of peri-ganglionic infiltration of corticosteroids in lumbar spinal generative disc disease.

Material and Methods:  Comparative study was conducted in the Neurosurgery Department Pakistan Institute Of Medical Sciences Islamabad from December 2014 to November 2020. We included 338 patients with herniated lumbar disc with backache and radiculopathy. Randomly categorized in groups A and B. Group A was given 4 to 6 ml of intradiscal ozone along with 40 to 80 mg of peri-ganglionic methylprednisolone while group B only received 4 – 6 ml of intra-discal ozone. The visual analog scale was used to assess the degree of pain and modified Macnab criteria were used to assess the post-procedural outcome, periodic follow was carried out up to 6 months after the procedure.

Results:  169 patients were enrolled in group A with 70 females and 90 males. Group B had a total of 169 patents with 89 females and 80 males. In group A, a single procedure was required in 89 patients, twice in 27, and thrice in 10 patients to completely obliterate pain. While in group B, 71 patients had the single procedure, twice in 92 and thrice in patients. Data were compared by the Chi-square test, which was further confirmed by a significant P-value of 0.061.

Conclusion:  The combination of percutaneous ozone chemodiscolysis along with the preganglionic injection of steroids as compared to single ozone therapy is the most effective, rapid, and long-lasting method of relieving backache and radiculopathy associated with lumbar disc herniation.
11 Years Old Female with Synergistic Presentation of Cranial and Spinal Pathologies: Myxopapillary Ependymoma with Hydrocephalus - A Rare Entity
Authors: Usman Ahmad Kamboh  , Mehwish Manzoor  , Muhammad Ashraf  , Nabeel Chaudhary  , Mehreen Mehboob  , Manzoor Ahmad
Published: July 2022

The correlation between hydrocephalus and spinal cord tumor was first described by Kyrieleis et. al. 1% concomitant presence was documented by Mirroni et.al. Moreover, the understanding of the pathophysiological association between these two conditions is still lacking. 11 years old girl presented in the outpatient department of Jinnah hospital Lahore with complaints of difficulty in walking for the last 2 years, numbness of right leg for the last one year, and severe bilateral sciatica for 2 months. On further inquiry, she told that she is also suffering from headaches and blurred vision for the last 6 months. Her neuroimaging revealed hydrocephalus and mixed density heterogeneously enhancing intradural lesion at the conus. She underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunting for hydrocephalus and laminoplasty followed by excision of spinal tumor reported being myxopapillary ependymoma grade II. The presence of headache along with signs & symptoms of raised intracranial pressure in these patients warrant cranial imaging. CSF diversion for hydrocephalus and gross total excision of the spinal lesion is the standard acceptable treatment.
Incidence and Surgical Outcome of Intraventricular Tumors at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Tariq Imran Khokhar  , Muhammad Nauman Hasan  , Sumira Kiran  , Khawar Anwar  , Muhammad Aqeel Natt
Published: July 2022

Objectives:  To determine the incidence and outcome of intraventricular tumors treated micro-surgically at the Punjab Institute of Neurosciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

Materials and Methods:  A retrospective study of a series of 42 patients with the initial diagnosis of intraventricular tumors who underwent microsurgical resection over a period of 04 years. The extent of resection was decided by post-operative imaging (CT Brain), performed on immediate or 1st post-op day, and by MRI on outdoor follow-up after an average of 4 weeks. Post-operative complications and the Glasgow outcome scale were also recorded.

Results:  The majority of patients presented with nonspecific symptoms. 47.6% patients presented with headache, nausea/vomiting (40.5%), decreased vision (21.4%), fits (19%) and hydrocephalus (9.52%).29patients (72.5%) underwent microsurgical excision through the anterior transcortical approach, followed by 08 (19.05%) via the posterior transcortical approach. GTR was achieved in 33 (78.57%). Based on histopathology reports, 14 (33.3%) were ependymomas, 11(26.2%) meningiomas, 07 (16.67%) sub-ependymomas, 5 (11.9%) central neurocytomas, and 2(4.76%) Choroid Plexus Papilloma. Significant postoperative intraventricular bleed was noted in 04 (9.52%) patients, minor I/V bleed in 06 (14.28%), hydrocephalus in 07 (16.67%), subdural collection in 02 (4.76%), and motor deficit in 03 (7.15%) patients. Based on Glasgow Outcome Scale, 32 (76.2%) had GOS5/5, 7 (16.67%) with GOS 4/5, while 02 patients expired in the postoperative period.

Conclusion:  Intraventricular tumors require special neurosurgical consideration. Early diagnosis, better preoperative planning, and an adequate microsurgical approach are necessary to achieve maximum safe resection and improvement in patients’ symptoms and overall condition.
KONSTRUKSI DAN RESISTANSI RUANG TUBUH PASCAKOLONIAL DALAM CERPEN “KISAH SEORANG PENGANTIN” KARYA A.A. NAVIS
Authors: Monika Lastry
Published: July 2022

Tubuh perempuan menjadi paling terdampak atas wacana kolonial. Hal itu dapat ditelusuri melalui teks-teks pascakolonial yang bertujuan mengkonfigurasi ulang signifikansi tubuh. Hal inilah yang ditelusuri dalam cerpen “Kisah Seorang Pengantin” karya A.A. Navis. Masalah yang diteliti meliputi konstruksi, chaos, dan resistansi tubuh pascakolonial tokoh ‘aku’ sebagai perempuan. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan perspektif politik keruangan Sara Upstone, terutama konsep ruang tubuh. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan yang didasarkan pada tubuh sebagai ruang definitif, wilayah tertinggi, transformasi akhir, dan terminal ambiguity. Hasil analisis menemukan ‘aku’ tidak memiliki otoritas penuh atas tubuhnya. Kemudian, ‘aku’ juga berada dalam konstruksi sosial yang mengharuskan perempuan selalu menerima dan patuh. Stereotip itu menempatkan dirinya pada posisi yang inferior. Akan tetapi, kemudian terjadi chaos yang menjadi alternatif bagi ‘aku’ untuk melakukan resistansi. Hal itu akhirnya menjadi sumber perlawanan hingga meraih kembali entitas tubuh yang utuh.Kata kunci: konstruksi, tubuh, pascakolonial, resistansi.
Desafios e possibilidades para integrar educação científica e formação docente em um clube de ciências
Authors: Fabrini Valla Daniela , Da Costa Monteiro Dafne
Published: July 2022

O Clube de Ciências da FFP é um projeto ligado à Faculdade de Formação de Professores da UERJ (FFP/UERJ) e tem como objetivo criar um contato intenso e afetivo dos jovens com a ciência, a arte e a cultura, contribuindo para formação docente ao trabalhar em parceria com os licenciandos da universidade. Esse texto trata de quais caminhos trilhamos com o projeto durante a ‘ausência’ que virou o mundo no período de isolamento social na pandemia de COVID-19. O relato detalha como diante de dificuldades, dúvidas e incertezas que se formaram junto à chegada da pandemia, decidimos por estudar mais a temática norteadora como um primeiro passo e que foi a partir dele que soluções e possibilidades começaram a surgir, uma vez que os projetos de extensão da UERJ não receberam nenhuma forma de apoio ou orientação específicos, ficando a cargo de cada coordenador realizar a adaptação dos mesmos conforme a viabilidade de suas ações. A partir daí iniciou-se o trabalho com a rede social Instagram e suas diversas formas de interação com público significativo atingido. Seguiu-se com a montagem de turmas de clubistas online que oportunizaram experiências mais intensas de interação e de ação para a construção coletiva de conhecimentos, os quais foram reforçados nos encontros especiais com professores/pesquisadores e na rica troca de experiências durante o encontro com o Clube de Ciências Girassol. O momento é de retomada do presencial, mas ainda é preciso paciência e observação atenta das possibilidades, respeitando o tempo pessoal de adaptação dos envolvidos.
Clube de jovens cientistas do Museu Nacional: trajetória, desafios e reflexões durante a pandemia de covid-19
Authors: Miranda e Souza Aline , Bento Alves dos Santos Anna Carolina , De Campos Augusto Cristiane , De Souza Machado Dora , De Oliveira Jr Ederson José , Santos Arruda Nádia , Fernandes Costa Andréa , Borges de Azevedo Mota Laís
Published: July 2022

O "Clube de Jovens Cientistas do Museu Nacional: Ciência na Quinta" é um projeto de Extensão criado em 2018 e consiste na formação de um clube de ciências que promove a Educação Museal e a Popularização da Ciência junto a estudantes de escolas públicas municipais do Rio de Janeiro. É coordenado pela Seção de Assistência ao Ensino (SAE/MN), e conta com a parceria da Secretaria Municipal de Educação do Rio de Janeiro (SME).  O presente trabalho tem por objetivo relatar a trajetória, desafios e reflexões do Clube durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Diante dos desafios impostos pela pandemia aos museus e às escolas, o Clube precisou se reformular e se adequar ao novo cenário, buscando outras formas de colaboração entre as instituições. As ações propostas pela equipe do projeto e por técnicos, docentes, discentes e colaboradores do MN, antes geolocalizadas, deram lugar, por meio do uso das tecnologias digitais em rede, às ações remotas, assíncronas e síncronas, tais como lives, podcasts, jogos interativos. ações em redes sociais etc. São propostas reflexões sobre os desafios da pandemia a partir do recorte de uma pesquisa sobre as especificidades e potencialidades de clubes de ciências em museus e em escolas, na qual foram entrevistados cinco responsáveis por clubes de ciências em diferentes instituições. A nova conjuntura foi de fato desafiadora para o projeto, no entanto, trouxe também novas perspectivas e reformulações para a construção das edições futuras, estreitando os laços entre museu e escola.
Utilization of Cereals and Millets for Nutritious Rich Food Products
Authors: Shanthi Rebba Phileshia , Paul Prof. Dr. Virginia , Prasad Prof. Dr. Ranu , Gupta Dr. Alka
Published: July 2022

The present research entitled "Utilization of Cereals and Millets for Nutritious Rich Food Products" was undertaken to develop nutrition-rich food in which anti-oxidants and phenolic compounds, rich fiber content, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and nutritional benefits of health. They fight against cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, and cancer, and reduce inflammation. Products like black rice, foxtail millets, and moringa leaves are utilized through baked products where the amount of nutritive value remains almost the same when compared with steamed or cooked and gives good color, and texture, and maintains its shelf life for many days. As in this experiment, the products like bread, muffins, and cookies are chosen for the preparation which helps every age group like to eat. The research was conducted during the year 2020 in the Food lab of the Department of Food Nutrition and public health, Ethelind College of Home Science, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture. Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, U.P., India. A close-ended Evaluation schedule was prepared to evaluate the developed product prepared in the university lab. Data were analyzed using suitable statistical tools i.e. Analysis of variance (Two-way ANOVA or Two-way classification) technique. A significant difference between the treatments was determined by using the CD (Critical Difference) test. The test was performed for comparing the difference in the nutritional content between control and best treatment of the developed food products. Based on the findings, it is concluded that the black rice flour, foxtail millet flour, and moringa leaves powder enhance the nutritive value of “Bread, Cookies and Muffins”. Sensory evaluation of prepared products T2 (25:15:2:58) was highly acceptable. Nutritionally, it was found that the nutrient content of best treatment T2 of the three products, was significantly higher with regards to energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, fiber, calcium, iron, and activity as compared to the control T0. The cost was increased marginally in all treatment of prepared products comparatively control. The cost of the prepared product per 100 gm of raw ingredient for “Bread” ranged from Rs. 30 to Rs. 35, “Cookies” from Rs. 25 to Rs. 35, and “Muffins” from Rs. 30 to Rs. 40.
A Survey on Public Attitude and Awareness towards Recycling in Jaipur City
Authors: Katewa Dr. Priyanka , Gupta Dr. Shruti , Mathur Dr. Shweta , Sharma Dr. Bhartendra
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Recycling entails participatory waste management, which includes social, economic, and environmental alternatives and requires people to invest time in separating discarded material and returning it to the industrial process. A variety of variables have been used to understand pro-environmental behaviour, including peer influence, motivation to recycle, environmental beliefs, altruism, level of information, and environmental perception. Methodology: For present study a random survey was conducted amongst the residents of Jaipur staying at different locations and area. The questionnaire consisted of a total of sixteen questions based on the methods of recycling, recyclable items and attitude of public towards participating in recycling. Observations and Result: Most of the participants were aware of the recycling process and its necessity in present scenario. Still they have their own reasons for not being able to fully participate in practicing it in day to day life.
Data quality standards for monitoring stream ecosystems in the Central Alaska Network
Authors: Simmons Trey
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this report is to document the standards used by the Central Alaska Inventory and Monitoring Network (CAKN) for activities related to the collection, processing, storage, analysis, and publication of monitoring data as described in the CAKN Stream Monitoring Protocol (Simmons 2017a). The policies and procedures documented in this quality-assurance plan for activities complement the quality-assurance plans for other monitoring activities conducted by the CAKN. The plan also serves as a guide for all CAKN personnel who are involved in protocol/program activities and as a resource for identifying memoranda, publications, and other literature that describe associated techniques and requirements in more detail.
UPAYA PENCEGAHAN STUNTING DENGAN OPTIMALISASI PERAN POSYANDU
Authors: Faizah Ana , Dewi Silalahi Ratna , Nasution Nurhafizah , Bakri Herliana
Published: July 2022

Background : Indonesia is faced with a double burden, apart from facing malnutrition, stunting and anemia, at the same time it also faces the problem of obesity. The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia was 30%-39%. As Nawacita the President of the Republic of Indonesia, stunting is contained in the 2020-2024 RPJMN with a target of reducing prevalence to 14%. The number of stunting cases in the Batam Kepulauan Riau Province in 2020 was 7.2%. Based on a preliminary study, it was noted that 7 toddlers were stunted.

Method: Stunting prevention efforts through a partnership program in the form of counseling and training on the cultivation of ikan tamban menari as processed food ingredients for fish crackers and nuggets, then empowerment as an effort to increase public awareness, and good parenting in fulfilling nutrition, growth and development of toddlers. Activities carried out during December 2021 have had positive impacts and results in the form of providing complementary feeding, increasing public awareness, and implementing parenting patterns.

Result: Optimizing the role of posyandu through this partnership program can be well received by the community, cadres and posyandu partners as targets. This program is expected to run well and sustainably
EDUKASI BABY GYM PADA KELOMPOK IBU BALITA UNTUK OPTIMALKAN TUMBUH KEMBANG BAYI
Authors: Ari Ayudita , Lestari S
Published: July 2022

Latar Belakang: Baby gym atau senam bayi adalah kumpulan permainan gerakan yang dirancang untuk merangsang pertumbuhan, perkembangan, dan keterampilan motorik bayi secara optimal. Baby gym dilakukan pada usia tiga sampai dua belas bulan. Kegiatan baby gym belum banyak dipakai sebagai sarana untuk merangsang tumbuh kembang anak. Analisis situasi didaerah Posyandu Kamboja menyebutkan dari 10 bayi, 2 (20%) mengalami keterlambatan perkembangan dan hampir semua ibu yang mempunyai anak bayi dan balita tidak menyadari manfaat stimulasi senam bayi. Selain itu di posyandu ini belum pernah diberikan materi baby gym dikarenakan masih terkendala tenaga pelatih yang belum tersedia.  Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi akan pentingnya Teknik baby gym untuk mengoptimalkan tumbuh dan kembang bayi.

Metode: Kegiatan dilakukan dengan memberikan informasi mengenai baby gym kepada ibu-ibu yang memiliki bayi usia 0 sampai 12 bulan secara luring dengan memperhatikan protokol kesehatan. Kegiatan juga didukung dengan pemberian leaflet pelaksanaan dilakukan pada tanggal 17 Juli 2021 di Posyandu Kamboja II Wilayah Puskemas Gerunggang Kota Pangkalpinang. Jumlah peserta ada 12 dan sudah dilakukan pre-test dan post-test sebagai bahan evaluasi.

Hasil: Hasil dari terlaksannya kegiatan ini adalah dari hasil pre-test sebelum dimulai edukasi yaitu mean nilai pengetahuannya 48,9, post-test 83, artinya terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan terkait baby gym pada peserta. Diharapkan adanya keberlanjutan kegiatan ini tidak hanya kepada ibu yang memilik bayi akan tetapi kepada kader-kader posyandu baik secara langsung maupun virtual.
Lignocaine Alone Vs Lignocaine plus Ketorolac in Reducing Perioperative Pain in Intravenous Regional Anesthesia
Authors: Ghori Kiran , Ahmad Mirza Sijeel , Sufyan Abu
Published: July 2022

Objective: To compare the efficacy lignocaine alone with lignocaine plus ketorolac in intravenous regionalanesthesia technique in terms of mean pain and time for analgesia.Study Design: Randomized controlled trial.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at Department of Anesthesia, KRL Hospital, Islamabadfrom April 2017 to October 2017.Materials and Methods: Sixty consecutive patients undergoing ambulatory hand/forearm surgery, whofulfilled inclusion criteria. They were divided into two equal groups of 30 patients in each. In “Group A”Lignocaine only and in “Group B” Lignocaine plus ketorolac was used for intravenous regional anesthesia(IVRA).Results: Pain relief was better in Group B as shown by comparison of pain in Group A at 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60minutes was as 0.13+0.35 v/s 0.27+0.52, p value was 0.24, 0.23+0.43 v/s 1.60+0.50, p value was 0.000,1.27+0.45 v/s 1.53+0.51, p value was 0.03, 1.23+0.43 v/s 2.67+0.48, p value was 0.0001 and 1.27+0.45 v/s3.53+0.68, p value was 0.0001 respectively.Conclusion: Lignocaine plus ketorolac in intravenous regional anesthesia technique was significantly betterwhen compared with lignocaine alone in terms of mean pain and time for analgesia.How to cite this: Ghori K, Ahmad MS, Sufyan A, Maka TA. Lignocaine Alone Vs Lignocaine plus Ketorolac in Reducing Perioperative Pain in Intravenous Regional Anesthesia. Life and Science. 2022; 3(3): 105-109. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.204
Body Builders Profiling about Muscle Dysmorphic Traits, Orthorexia Nervosa and Social Anxiety
Authors: Fatima Mishal , Binte Sarfraz Eiman
Published: July 2022

Objective: To assess the muscle dysmorphic traits, orthorexia nervosa and social anxiety among male bodybuilders.Study Design: A cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The Study was carried out at Department of Clinical Psychology of Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad from May 2020 to December, 2020.Materials and Methods: A sample of 320 male bodybuilders within age range of 15 to 25 years were included in the study from gym centers of Islamabad and Rawalpindi. A web- based questionnaire comprising of closedended questions was used to obtain data about demographics, muscle dysmorphia, orthorexia nervosa andsocial anxiety. Data was analyzed on SPSS software 23 version.Results: Our study found a significant relationship between muscle dysmorphia, orthorexia nervosa and socialanxiety among male body builders. We found muscle dysmorphic predicts 1.9% in orthorexia nervosa and 0.6%variance in social anxiety.Conclusion: Society sets the standards of beauty for male population and when these 't are not met,individuals start to perceive imagined or slight flaws in their physical appearance, body shape, muscularity andsize. The present study examined muscle dysmorphia, orthorexia nervosa and social anxiety among male bodybuilders. This study found male body builders with the muscle dysmorphic traits engage in orthorexia nervosa and experience social anxiety.How to cite this: Fatima M, Sarfraz EB. Body Builders Profiling about Muscle Dysmorphic Traits, Orthorexia Nervosa and Social Anxiety. Life and Science. 2022; 3(3): 115-119. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.225
Play based activities for mathematical thinking at infancy: Nursery teachers’ and parents’ beliefs
Authors: Petrou Pavlina , Panaoura Areti
Published: July 2022

Mathematics takes place in a major part of human life and mathematical concepts are used in every part of daily life, starting from the age of infancy. The present study concentrates on the age of 11 months to two years, during nursery education, when formal, informal and non-formal activities enable infants to have experiences related to mathematical concepts. Nursery teachers are expected to include play-based activities at every stage of the teaching process, while parents are recognized as young children’s first educators. We examined nursery teachers’ and parents’ beliefs and practices about the development of the infants’ mathematical skills through the use of play-based activities and their respective roles. The present study was conducted in Cyprus, where obligatory preschool education is only one year before primary education. Questionnaires, interviews and shared diaries with home activities were used for quantitative and qualitative data. Results indicated that both groups of participants expressed positive conceptions on the value of daily life play-based activities which could support mathematical learning. However, it seemed that in the case of parents there was a lack of relevant knowledge about the use of attractive and creative activities which could relate to plenty of mathematical concepts. Parents recognize the vital role of teachers and they asked for further guidance and support. We discuss how we can ensure the quality of early mathematics informal teaching and nonformal learning experiences can be offered for all infants. We discuss the role of the Curriculum in Mathematics at nursery school under a play-based context and the guided parental involvement.
Analysis of Different Bascule Bridge Architectures
Authors: Abo-Elnor Mootaz E.
Published: July 2022

Bascule bridges are widely used nowadays to overcome the obstruction of ships passage as crossing waterways and in some roadways to overcome transport vehicle height limitation. A Bascule bridge is a movable bridge with a counterweight that continuously balances a span, or "leaf", throughout its upward swing to provide clearance for boat or ship traffic. It may be single or double leafed. Balance Beam Bascule Bridge is one of the famous bascule bridge architecture in which bridge span counter balance weight is attached to a balance beam in the movable bridge operating mechanism. Although hydraulic cylinders is a particularly common solution to power majority of modern bascule bridges, it is very important to understand the kinematics and motion of the bridge leave for optimum operation of the bridge with prober counter balance selection. In this study a review of two operating hydraulic actuators arrangements; push arrangement and pull arrangement is carried out based on both design aspects and safety consideration. 3D model of the study mechanisms are constructed and a kinematics of bridge leaf (span) opening mechanisms are developed for early stage design configuration of bridge mechanism. kinematic analyses of bridge mechanism operation in both push and pull arrangements based on rigid body consideration is performed and Numerical analysis using finite element method is carried out in which stress distribution over tie rods is obtained. Some failure scenarios are introduced. Results show that tension forces acting on tie rods in pull arrangement is lower than that in push arrangement, work done by hydraulic cylinders (Actuators) in both arrangement is nearly identical and pull arrangement is much better than push arrangement from safety point of view.
Appropriate Grammatical Topics for Non-Arabic Speakers
Authors: Alluhaybi Mohammed
Published: July 2022

The aim of this research is to determine appropriate grammatical topics for advanced level learners of Arabic as a second language and measure their mastery of them. In this vein, the descriptive method is applied, as it seems to be the most appropriate one to meet the aims of the study. First, the researcher prepared a questionnaire to determine the appropriate grammatical topics for those learners based on several sources. The questionnaire resulted in 16 topics. Accordingly, the researcher constructed a test to measure the extent to which students were familiar with these topics. The test was applied to a sample of fourth-level students at the Arabic Language Institute for Speakers of Other Languages at King Abdul Aziz University. The total number of students was 94, and the results show that their familiarity was high in 10 topics, average in 3 topics, and low in the other 3 topics. The research recommended that these 16 topics should be included in the grammatical curricula for advanced level Arabic learners. Moreover, there should be mechanisms to prevent overlap and recurrence of these topics in the curricula. The research also suggested applying similar studies to beginner and intermediate learners to prepare lists of topics that reflect their levels in all linguistic aspects.
KEYWORDS
Grammatical topics, language learning, language proficiency, learning difficulties, learning skills, second language
Violence and political bureaucracy:
a summary of concerns
Authors: Makarenko V.P.
Published: July 2022

The article presents a fragment of the concept developed by the author in recent years [Makarenko V. P., 2018]. It discusses the problems of liberation of mind and conscience from the legacy of the Soviet era, the resuscitation of obscurantism in Russia against the background of the contrast between culture and the state along with the main characteristics of the twentieth century and constants of Russian history. The author also reviews the Old Testament concept of holy war, transformation of war in Christianity, Russian and Soviet state mind, the civilizing dictatorship of the empire in the past and present, the evolution of government philosophy to a system of total lies, modern forms of its embodiment, including collaborationism, and the influence of these factors on the functioning of power in the country.
Conversation and the logic of history
Authors: Tishchenko P.D.
Published: July 2022

The problem of the logic of understanding history is discussed. We propose a model of understanding history as a conversation, which the person thinking about history has with interlocutors (sources) of previous epochs. The epoch is interpreted as a special way of problematizing human's understanding of him (her) self and the world around. At the same time, three gifts — attention, recognition and name — underlie the connection of the historian in conversation with interlocutors (sources) from other eras. They are not given in advance but are results of a struggle for the recognition. In choosing his (her) interlocutor (source), the historian chooses him (her) self. By giving this interlocutor (the source) the opportunity to be heard, the historian, at the same time, receives a gift from the source — the opportunity to express what would otherwise remain unspoken in the historian's own mind. The logic of conversation, designated as transduction, is not the connection through the identification of the beginning and the end of the discourse, which is appropriate and necessary within the speech of each of the conversationalists, but the connection of the beginnings of these discordant discourses among themselves.
Erich Schumann and the Beginning of the German Nuclear Project
Authors: Sevalnikov Andrei
Published: July 2022

The work is devoted to the analysis of the scientific and organizational activities of the German physicist Erich Schumann, who was one of the key curators of the German nuclear project on the part of the military. In historical publications, his activities in this post were assessed as extremely inefficient and unprofessional, which was attributed to one of the reasons for the failure of the German nuclear program. Recent publications made on the basis of new archival data allow us to completely reconsider his role and the results of his activities within the framework of the German Nuclear Project.
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF PRESSBOARD AND THE INFLUENCE OF MOISTURE CONTENT
Authors: T. Judendorfer  , R. Woschitz  , M.Muhr  , W. Exner  , S. Jaufer
Published: July 2022

The electrical conductivity σ is an important parameter for material condition evaluation at AC applications and is responsible for electrical field distribution in DC equipment. With a focus on HVDC equipment design, the influence of moisture content in oil-impregnated pressboard is determined in this preliminary investigation. The electrical conductivity of pressboard samples, which have been wetted artificially in the laboratory, is investigated within this work. Moisture contents between <0,3% and 5,5% could be achieved artificially through increasing pressboard moisture content levels in a climate chamber. The electrical conductivity was determined by voltage-current measurements at 20°C in the style of IEC 60093 with measurement times up to and longer than 24 hours. For these investigations, the pressboard samples with a thickness of 1 mm have been placed in an (mineral) oil-filled test vessel and stressed by a DC field with E = 3 kV/mm. It could be demonstrated that the moisture content of pressboard has a strong influence onto the electrical conductivity: An increase of electrical conductivity by a factor of around 10 for each percentage point of moisture increase up to moisture levels of around 3,5% was observed. At higher moisture contents (>5%), other mechanisms seem to govern the electrical current and the conductivity respectively, which is also discussed within the work.
CARBON MONOXIDE AND CARBON DIOXIDE IN CLOSED-TYPE POWER TRANSFORMERS
Authors: Hadži-Skerlev Anđela , Haramija Veronika , Vrsaljko Dijana , Musulin Božena
Published: July 2022

Gases carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are formed in transformers in larger quantities as a product of degradation of cellulose, than by oxidation of oil. In transformers with closed-type breathing system, without any indication of failure or fault, it was observed that the concentrations of CO are higher than the typical values according to IEC 60599 and CO2/CO ratios lower than 3 frequently have been found. This paper presents results of laboratory investigation of some influence parameters on formation gases CO and CO2. The typical values for CO as well scheme concerning their ratios need to be revised in standard IEC 60599. The criteria need to be established separately for closed type transformers.
ENGINEERING-ORIENTED BENCHMARKING AND APPLICATION-BASED MAGNETIC MATERIAL MODELING IN TRANSFORMER RESEARCH
Authors: Zhiguang Cheng  , Norio Takahashi  , Behzad Forghani  , Xiaoyan Wang
Published: July 2022

The paper highlights the engineering-oriented benchmarking and application-based magnetic material modeling, as two important events in transformer research, reviews the newly extended progress in TEAM (Testing Electromagnetic Analysis Methods) Problem 21 Family, and presents the related benchmarking results.
FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR NONLINEAR EDDY CURRENT PROBLEMS IN POWER TRANSFORMERS
Authors: Bíró Oszkár , Ulrike Baumgartner  , Gergely Koczka  , Bernhard Wagner
Published: July 2022

An efficient finite element method to take account of the nonlinearity of the magnetic materials when analyzing three dimensional eddy current problems is presented in this paper. The problem is formulated in terms of vector and scalar potentials approximated by edge and node based finite element basis functions. The application of Galerkin techniques leads to a large, nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations in the time domain. The excitations are assumed to be time-periodic and the steady state periodic solution is of interest only. This is represented in the frequency domain as a Fourier series for each finite element degree of freedom and a finite number of harmonics is to be determined, i.e. a harmonic balance method is applied. Due to the nonlinearity, all harmonics are coupled to each other, so the size of the equation system is the number of harmonics times the number of degrees of freedom. The harmonics would be decoupled if the problem were linear, therefore, a special nonlinear iteration technique, the fixed-point method is used to linearize the equations by selecting a timeindependent permeability distribution, the so called fixed-point permeability in each nonlinear iteration step. This leads to uncoupled harmonics within these steps resulting in two advantages. One is that each harmonic is obtained by solving a system of algebraic equations with only as many unknowns as there are finite element degrees of freedom. A second benefit is that these systems are independent of each other and can be solved in parallel. The appropriate selection of the fixed point permeability accelerates the convergence of the nonlinear iteration. The method is applied to the analysis of a large power transformer. The solution of the electromagnetic field allows the computation of various losses like eddy current losses in the massive conducting parts (tank, clamping plates, tie bars, etc.) as well as the specific losses in the laminated parts (core, tank shielding, etc.). The effect of the presence of higher harmonics on these losses is investigated.
MAGNETIC FIELD COMPUTATION OF A LOADED TRANSFORMER
Authors: Branimir Ćućić
Published: July 2022

A simple numerical method based on integral approach was described to compute the stray magnetic field in the surrounding region of a loaded distribution transformer. The model for magnetic field computation was made of transformer windings and low voltage conductors. Windings were modeled by rectangular and round blocks with uniform amper-turn distribution throughout the winding cross section. Low voltage conductors were modeled as series of straight current-carrying wire segments. The computed and measured results of magnetic induction are in good agreement.