bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Career Values and Occupational Aspirations of Adolescents and Their Parents Aspire for the Future of Their Child
Authors: KARACAN ÖZDEMİR Nurten , AS Yusuf Cihat
Published: January 2023

This qualitative explorative case study investigated career values and occupational aspirations of adolescent girls and boys and those that their parents aspired to for their child’s future. 45 high school students (53% girls) and their parents (n=45), from a relatively collectivist city in the Southeast region of Turkey participated to the study. Results showed that girls and their parents noted economic security; boys and their parents mentioned cultural identity, in common. Girls, boys, and their parents, all, attached importance to prestige, achievement, and loyalty to family. It was seen that both girls and boys appreciated leisure time besides work and life style, differently from their parents. In terms of occupational aspirations, while adolescent girls aspired to be English language teacher, doctor, nurse, and architect, mostly, adolescent boys aspired to be military pilot and officer, police officer, and doctor in the future. Girls' parents mentioned doctor, nurse, teacher, and lawyer and boys’ parents underlined engineer, lawyer and police officer as their aspirations for their children’s future occupations. The results implied the role of parental and contextual influences within a communal culture as well as adolescents’ own generational characteristics on career values and occupational aspirations.
The Concept, Essence and Digital Reality of Ordinary Legal Consciousness
Authors: Kulakov A. A.
Published: January 2023

The process of formation and development of legal consciousness is one of the main elements of the development of public consciousness in general, it helps to reach new levels of collective evolution. The development of public consciousness went through many stages, it can be defined as follows: from mythological, and then traditional consciousness to logical and legal consciousness. The category of legal consciousness, widely used in legal discourse, acts primarily as a characteristic of the sociolegal way of being a person. Legal consciousness, considered as a process, implicitly contains an initially defined meaning of law, encoded in the goal-setting and ideological position of the subject as a legal creature. In modern domestic jurisprudence, issues related to the understanding of legal consciousness, its essence and structure, have been developed to a certain extent. However, this does not mean that there is no space for their further study, taking into account the new methodology and changing social realities. In their works, various authors express positions that legal consciousness should be considered as a complex, in relations of interaction with law: one depends on the other equally. At the same time, it should be noted that legal consciousness is also influenced by non-legal factors that have a huge impact on the formation of legal consciousness, namely: ideological, cultural, religious, historical, material and economic, historical factors. Combining, all of the above factors form the levels of development of ordinary legal consciousness, both personal and public. The choice of legal means and, as a result, the effectiveness of the types of legal activities of the individual and society as a whole depends on the level of development of ordinary legal consciousness. In this article, the Author analyzes one of the levels of legal consciousness, namely ordinary legal consciousness. Special attention is paid by the Author to the views of legal scholars regarding the “concept” and “essence” of ordinary legal consciousness. The construction of legal consciousness, its specificity, characteristic features, as well as factors influencing its development and formation are considered. In his work, the Author reveals the features of ordinary legal consciousness, and also comes to the conclusion that ordinary legal consciousness is a phenomenon based on the subjective reflection of an objectively existing and developing reality by an individual.
The Determination of the Competent Court When Applying for Judicial Protection in an Administrative Offense Case
Authors: Potapov P. N.
Published: January 2023

The problem of determining the competence of the court to consider a complaint (application) when applying for judicial protection of a person held liable in an administrative offense case, both by the person himself and by the judges, is considered. The study of existing rules of law, judicial acts of courts of first and higher instances, including the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the analysis of scientific works devoted to the problem of determining the competent court both in cases of administrative offenses and in civil proceedings is a method, which allows one to study the problem of possible restriction or exclusion of access to judicial protection of persons held administratively liable, when appealing against the relevant regulatory act recognizing them as such. The Author compares the legislation on judicial proceeding in cases of administrative offenses of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus. Investigates the procedure for appealing against a decision in a case on an administrative offense and a decision within the framework of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses and the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, their similarities and differences in the regulation of the appeal procedure. Court practice is brought to attention, which clearly demonstrates the essence of the problem of determining the competent court when applying for judicial protection in a case of an administrative offense. Judicial practice demonstrates a variety of approaches to the existing problem not only by the same court, but also by the same judge. The rights of persons brought to administrative responsibility, violated due to the existence of this problem, are identified. Through the study of scientific works of civil procedure scholars, the Author discusses the possibility of changing existing legislation in order to eliminate the possibility of depriving a person brought to administrative responsibility of the right to judicial protection. The Author proposes to exclude a number of norms from the current legislation, while the norms governing the issue of competence should be changed in terms of the procedure for handling an application received by the court, a complaint in a case of an administrative offense. The importance of resolving this problem for the Russian Federation as a legal state, which is the Russian Federation, is explained.
The Functions of the Prosecutor in the Criminal Process in the Context of the Constitutional Principle of Separation of Powers
Authors: Koreshnikova N. R.
Published: January 2023

Based on a comprehensive analysis of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the current criminal procedure legislation of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law “On the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation” and the theoretical developments of specialists in the field of constitutional law, criminal procedure and prosecutorial supervision, and also taking into account the amendments to Article 129 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, it can be argued that the institution of the prosecutor's participation in the criminal process has reached a new level of legal significance. The Author made an attempt to reveal the content and features of the human rights activities of the prosecutor in the criminal process from the point of view of the concept of separation of powers, to determine the place and role of the prosecutor in the system of relations between the bodies engaged in criminal procedure. According to the Author, the content of the powers of the prosecutor in the criminal process is a clear example of the reflection of the principle of subsidiarity of the branches of power. Implementing criminal prosecution in the criminal process, the prosecutor simultaneously performs a human rights function, since the legislator gives him the authority to identify and respond to violations of human and civil rights and freedoms while supervising the implementation of laws by the bodies of preliminary investigation, inquiry and operational-search activities at the pretrial stages, as well as when participating in court when considering criminal cases. The prosecutor, having the status of an independent body that is not part of the triune system of state power, acts as a guarantor of the implementation of the principle of proportional activity of all branches of state power. Thus, we can say that the implementation of the human rights activities of the prosecutor when considering criminal cases by the courts is a priority. The methodological basis of the study was made up of general scientific and particular scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, correlation, expert assessments.
Criminal Liability for Unlawful Actions in Bankruptcy: the Current State, Problems and Methods of Resolution
Authors: Pestereva Yu. S. , Rozhkova O. I. , Shaglanova A. N.
Published: January 2023

Bankruptcy is a legally justified mechanism of a market economy and must comply with modern social realities. Despite the fact that the legal field in this area is well developed, the existing problems in implementing the provisions of the insolvency institution make it vulnerable and subject it to criminalization. The article describes the main problems that the law enforcer could find and ways to solve them in the Russian Federation. The Authors propose to define the presence of signs of bankruptcy as identical to the situation in which the crimes committed under Part 1 and Part 2 of Art. 195 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation – “if there are signs of bankruptcy”, that is, apply a literal interpretation, guided by the provisions of Art. 3 of the Bankruptcy Law. The legislator has created conditions restricting the application of Part 3 of Art. 195 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, since it established that criminal liability can only arise in cases where the functions of the head of an organization are either assigned to an arbitration manager or to the head of the provisional administration of a credit organization. To resolve this problem, we believe that the legislator needs to state Part 3 of Art. 195 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation as amended, which takes into account the possibility for the law enforcer to involve the guilty person at all stages of the bankruptcy procedure. When assessing major damage, arbitration prejudice should be taken into account in the first place, in order to increase the preventive potential of this article, the Authors propose an exception to the category of “major damage” with the corresponding loss of force, Parts 1,2,4 of Art. 14.12 Code of Administrative Offences of the Russian Federation. Particular attention is paid to the issues of determining the subject composition of Art. 195 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Interpretation of Part 2 of Art. 195 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation allows us to conclude that the subject of this crime can also be a creditor who exhibits dishonest behavior, whose property claims are illegally satisfied to the detriment of other creditors. The article also deals with the legal technique of the offense under of Art. 195 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, and a number of novel recommendations are proposed for improving this norm and the norms that bind the institution of bankruptcy, as well as for their application.
Review of the Monograph: Cohen-Almagor R. The Republic, Secularism and Security: France versus the Burqa and the Niqab. Cham: Springer, 2022. 66 p.
Authors: Karamanukyan D. T.
Published: January 2023

On October 11, 2010, France became the first European country to ban the full-face Islamic veil – the burqa and niqab, in public places. After France becoming a “pioneer” in this area, by contrast to the United Stated and Russia, facial veil prohibition acts have been adopted in several other European countries and discussed in even more. These acts and political debates have generated a colossal number of research papers – mostly on legal issues by lawyer-scholars, critical analyses and, I’m sure, will produce many more. They have mainly focused on different aspects of the right to religious and cultural freedom, the right to gender equality. However, the novelty of Professor Raphael Cohen-Almagor’s monograph “The Republic, Secularism and Security: France versus the Burqa and the Niqab” lies in a non-standard approach to the veil-ban issue – he investigates using different methodological instruments not only the legal core the ban, but also (and mostly) the factors motivating the French legislator, what it symbolizes. Since the niqab and burqa wearers are extremely rare in France, as in almost all European Countries, one may agree that there surely isn’t an actual social problem, needing to be regulated by the government. Such disproportional This difference between practical importance and French legislative effort have urged Professor Cohen-Almagor to dwell on the reasons of such a high interest by the public administration to the religious facial veil. The study was carried out using various scientific methods: general scientific (analysis, synthesis, modeling, abstraction, etc.), empirical (observation, statistics), specifically legal (comparative legal, axiological, sociological, hermeneutics), historical (diachronic, ideographic). Huge practical experience, thorough, systemic knowledge of the regulatory material and practical aspects of its implementation allow the Author to analyze the symbolic and instrumental role of the facial veil in France’s pursuit for national identity building.
Assessing the impact of pesticides on pollinators
Authors:   Bayer AG, Germany, Maus Christian , Alix Anne ,   Corteva Agriscience, UK, Schmehl Daniel R. ,   Bayer CropScience LP, USA
Published: January 2023

This chapter provides an overview of the history of pollination biology, it begins by discussing the basics of pollination and goes on to discuss pollinators and their diversity. Sections also cover the ecology and evolution of floral traits, domestication and its impact on plant-pollinator relationships and how pollinators can impact agriculture. A section on modern agriculture and pollinators is also provided.
Escrituras digitales de lo común: prácticas subversivas en la literatura digital latinoamericana del siglo XXI
Authors: Gordillo Lizana Emilio
Published: January 2023

Este artículo busca abrir un espacio analítico para abordar obras digitales producidas en América Latina desde una perspectiva común. En él se propone que, al abordar las obras digitales desde las políticas de lo común es posible reconocer una serie de prácticas subversivas que involucran agencias, cosmotécnicas y valores de uso alternativos al norte global, en el marco de un mundo digital cada vez más normativizado por el capitalismo de vigilancia, el neoextractivismo y la primacía del valor de cambio.

A través de análisis de obras reunidas en archivos de literatura digital latinoamericana se busca reconocer los patrones relativos a prácticas comunes, a fin de comprender qué diferencias y aportes proponen estas obras en tanto propuestas latinoamericanas, sobre todo respecto a los despliegues de reapropiación de bienes comunes contenidos en el lenguaje, disputando concepciones de tiempos alternativos al capital mediante ejercicios colaborativos de producción, fomento de valor de uso por sobre valor de cambio y desnaturalización de lenguajes del despojo y sus contradicciones y violencias modernas históricas.
Salir del oculocentrismo y practicar el pensar como actividad corporal
Authors: De Lorimier Julie
Published: January 2023

Inspirándonos en el animismo como forma de estar en el mundo, exploramos la posibilidad de que el medio audiovisual salga de su “oculocentrismo” y acceda a una modalidad de mirada que despierta más las dudas propias del escuchar que las certezas del ver. Para los chamanes amazónicos, abstenerse de nombrar lo que les llega en forma de visiones evita el ser cegados por conocimientos previos; para acceder al conocimiento, deben mantener y habitar la brecha entre uno mismo y lo desconocido. Haciéndose eco de esta singular experiencia de alteridad, ciertas películas, en particular las de Djibril Diop Mambety y Mati Diop, suscitan una forma de escucha que cuestiona la naturaleza de lo visto, abriendo un espacio de transformación donde pensamiento y corporeidad están íntimamente ligados.
Libertad, irracionalismo y escisión: tras los rastros de F. Dostoievski en la novela Nosotros de Zamiatin
Authors: Trueba César Jaime
Published: January 2023

Considerada por muchos como la obra fundacional del género distópico, la novela Nosotros, de Evgueni Zamiatin, transpira a cada momento muchas de las críticas que hizo F. Dostoievski a las utopías revolucionarias y a las instituciones occidentales. Por tanto, nos hemos propuesto rastrear algunos rasgos y personajes de la obra dostoievskiana que pueden encontrarse en Nosotros, centrándonos específicamente en tres figuras salidas de la pluma del moscovita: el Gran Inquisidor, el hombre del subsuelo y el doble.
Entre mitos, relatos y mentiras. Mientras leo. Meditaciones y aforismos
Authors: Leñero Carmen
Published: January 2023

Este es un ensayo fragmentario, compuesto de reflexiones y aforismos, que vuelve creación la lectura crítica de El Cazador Celeste, del célebre ensayista y editor italiano Roberto Calasso (1941-2021), y The Resounding Soul. Reflections on the Metaphysics and Vivacity of the Human Person, compilación de Eric Austin Lee y Samuel Kimbriel que reúne ensayos de neurólogos, teólogos y filósofos alrededor de la noción del alma. Ambas lecturas meditativas están centradas en la preocupación por el lenguaje y sus paradojas.
ACCOUNTABILITY FOR THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ZAKAT LITERACY, OPERATING PROFIT, AND THE INTEREST OF MSMES IN PAYING ZAKAT THROUGH ZAKAT MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION
Authors: Anggraini Dahlia Tri , Hartinah Siti , Lestari Rindu Ferdina
Published: January 2023

Zakat is the key to poverty alleviation efforts, tackling social problems to empowering micro-economics in addition to funds from the APBN. It is hoped that there will be a joint movement including from MSME actors. The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the effect of accountability on the relationship between literacy, operating profit, and the interest of MSMEs in paying zakat through Zakat Management Organization (ZMO). With the stages of research; survey in the form of distributing questionnaires and interviews to the respondents (MSME entrepreneurs); processing data on the distribution of questionnaires using the SmartPLS 3 software; and data analysis. The results of this study are that zakat literacy has no significant positive effect, operating profit and accountability has a significant positive effect. This research has an implication by this research, MSME in Cipadu Market have a good zakat literacy, but they aren't familiar with ZMO. Accordingly, ZMO must be active in socializing their program to muzakki, especially MSMEs. The expectations are that MSMEs will become muzakki and will pay their zakat from their operating income through ZMO. So that it can increase the realization of zakat funds collected through ZMO in Indonesia.Keywords: Accountability, Literacy, Net Income, MSMEs, ZMO

ABSTRAKZakat menjadi kunci upaya pengentasan kemiskinan, penanggulangan masalah sosial hingga pemberdayaan ekonomi mikro selain dana dari APBN. Melalui zakat, diharapkan terdapat gerakan bersama termasuk dari para pelaku UMKM. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh akuntabilitas terhadap hubungan literasi, laba usaha, dan minat UMKM membayar zakat melalui Zakat Management Organization (ZMO). Dengan tahapan penelitian; survei berupa penyebaran kuesioner dan wawancara kepada responden (pengusaha UMKM); pengolahan data penyebaran kuesioner menggunakan software Smart PLS 3; dan analisis data. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah literasi zakat berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan, laba usaha dan akuntabilitas berpengaruh positif signifikan. Penelitian ini memiliki implikasi praktis bahwa meskipun UMKM di Pasar Cipadu memiliki literasi zakat yang baik, tetapi mereka tidak mengenal ZMO. Oleh karena itu, ZMO harus aktif mensosialisasikan programnya kepada para muzakki, khususnya UMKM. Harapannya, UMKM akan menjadi muzakki dan akan membayar zakat dari hasil usaha mereka melalui ZMO. Sehingga dapat meningkatkan realisasi dana zakat yang terkumpul melalui ZMO di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Akuntabilitas, Laba Bersih, Literasi, UMKM, ZMO
Penyelesaian Dugaan Pelanggaran Kode Etik Oleh Majelis Pengawas Notaris Terhadap Notaris Yang Telah Meninggal Dunia
Authors: Ryadika Rahman Rizki
Published: January 2023

In the making of a deed, the Notary must pay attention to the forms and procedures set by the Notary Position Law (Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris, UUJN). In practice however, it iss found that there was a Notary reported by a group of people in Ponorogo Regency for their refusal to hand them a copy of the agreement made. The formulation of the problem in this study is how is the legal protection for the applicant and how is the settlement process carried out by the Notary Supervisory Board for losses suffered by the community due to alleged violations of the code of ethics committed by a notary who has died. This is a normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and qualitative case analysis approaches. The results of this study conclude that based on the analysis conducted in the UUJN, sanctions are regulated for notaries who violate the code of ethics. As for legal protection arrangements for parties or communities who feel disadvantaged, there are only a few articles in the UUJN, and even then they are general in nature. The protection obtained by the community or the aggrieved party is repressive protection whose implementation can be seen in Articles 70 and 73 UUJN. If any person is aggrieved by the Notary, they are able to report it to the Regional Supervisory Council
Perbedaan Tanggung Jawab Direksi Sebagai Personal Guarantee Dan Penyebab Kerugian Perseroan Terbatas
Authors: Sari Fatika
Published: January 2023

The Board of Directors as an organ of a Limited Liability Company that establishes legal relations can be held partly responsible for taking actions beyond their authority, but there is another situation where the directors can be held responsible for the failure of a legal relationship due to being a personal guarantee, thus an in-depth study is needed regarding the differences between the two circumstances. the. The problem formulated is how the different responsibilities of the Board of Directors as a personal guarantee and as a cause of loss to the Limited Liability Company. The research method used is normative, with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The data collection technique used was library research that is analyzed descriptively. The results of the study conclude that the responsibility of the directors as a personal guarantee is born when the company is no longer able to pay or carry out its engagements; The responsibility of the directors as the cause of the loss of the Limited Liability Company arises when it is proven that the directors are negligent and guilty.
Implementasi Validasi Pajak Penghasilan Atas Jual Beli Tanah Dan Bangunan
Authors: Rati Manjari Adinda
Published: January 2023

The tax validation process is mandatory to undertake before the deed of sale and purchase is signed by the parties. However, there are obstacles related to the deed to be made by the parties. The formulation of the problems consists of: what is the role of the Notary/Land Title Registrar (Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah, PPAT) in the aquittance of sale and purchase transactions on land and/or building; and how the validity of the tax validation results on the transfer of land and/or building rights. This is a normative legal research which examines various laws and regulations related to the problems as well as interviews to complement the results. The results conclude that the Notary/PPAT plays an important role as an intermediary in the settlement process for sale and purchase transactions on land and/or building between the parties and the Primary Tax Service Office as the authorized party in conducting tax validation. This tax validation can only be carried out if the tax payable has been paid, namely related to income tax that is charged to the seller and the fee for acquiring land and/or building rights that is charged to the buyer. The validity of the results of this tax validation is used as evidence by the Notary/PPAT to complete the documents which will later be submitted to the National Land Agency for the processing of the transfer of land and/or building title certificates
Pemenuhan Hak Atas Pekerjaan Bagi Mantan Narapidana Di Kabupaten Purworejo
Authors: Filian Prabowo Arih
Published: January 2023

Provisions regarding the use of Police Record Certificates have become an obstacle for former convicts to enter the job market. Therefore, two formulations of the problem were identified, namely first, How is the fulfillment of the right to work for former convicts in Purworejo Regency? Second, what are the supporting and inhibiting factors in fulfilling the right to work for former convicts in Purworejo Regency? This is an empirical legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches. The results of this study conclude that first, the Police Record Certificate is an obstacle in securing a job for former convicts in Purworejo Regency; and secondly, there have been efforts undertaken by the regional government of Purworejo district in assisting in fulfilling the right to work for former convicts in Purworejo Regency
Pemulihan Hak Keperdataan Notaris Yang Diberhentikan Secara Tidak Hormat Pasca Dinyatakan Pailit
Authors: Rizki Podungge Wahyu
Published: January 2023

This is a legal research which aims to analyze the concrete situation of a notary who has been declared bankrupt and the application of Article 12 of the Notary Position Law and the suitability of the principle of justice for the sanction of dishonorably dismissing a notary who is declared bankrupt. The method used is a normative research approach. The approach taken is a statutory approach, namely examining existing laws and regulations and then comparing them with the reality in society regarding the application of the law on notary positions and rules regarding bankruptcy, especially analyzing the Surabaya District Court Decision Number: 2200/Pid.B/2020/ PN Sby. The results obtained from this study conclude that Article 12 of the Notary Position Law applies if a notary is declared bankrupt by a court decision that has permanent legal force and the form of the sanction has fulfilled the principle of justice as has been made by the government and recorded in the law. However, until now the classification regarding the conditions under which notaries must go bankrupt individually and notaries are not yet clear, thus it is important to set clear and concrete terms regarding this matter.
Representing Trauma in the Arts
Authors: Eyerman Ron
Published: January 2023

Applying Jurgen Habermas’ distinction between the three knowledge interests‎ guiding scientific research, this article identifies three approaches to ‘trauma’,‎ a clinical approach, rooted in a medical model, a literary approach, rooted‎in psychoanalysis, and a cultural sociological approach. After elaborating on‎ each of these perspectives, and the various forms through which trauma is ‎represented aesthetically, the three are applied in an analysis of the film “Quo‎Vadis, Aida?”. It is argued that although they entail different notions of trauma,‎ the three are not mutually exclusive and can be combined in a rich understanding ‎of aesthetic representation.‎
Serbia and Kosovo between secession and normalisation
Authors: Milutinović Irina , Pavlović Jovica
Published: January 2023

The Washington Agreement on Kosovo and Serbia economic normalisation (2020) is the subject of this enquiry, while its aim is to examine the role of news media in Serbia in the discourse on normalisation between Belgrade and Pristina. The main hypothesis is that the Washington Agreement was manipulatively used for self-promotion of political elites that negotiated in Washington. The research relies on Critical Discourse Studies, instrumentalist approaches to secession, media framing and agenda-setting theories. We conclude that the issue of Serbia and Kosovo normalisation in Serbian media is mostly framed with aim to mobilises citizens’ support for executive authorities. The media thus reproduce political hegemony within Serbian society, while pluralism is obstructed in a manner characteristic for competitive authoritarianism.
Normativni konstitucionalizam i jamstvo socijalnih prava u ustavnoj državi
Authors: Kuzelj Valentino
Published: January 2023

U suvremenosti je napušteno umjetno razdvajanje općeg koncepta ljudskih prava na sudski ostvariva klasična liberalna (građanska i politička) prava, te aspiracijska i programska socijalna i ekonomska jamstva isključena od mogućnosti (ustavno)sudske zaštite. Stoga je razložno tvrditi da i socijalna prava predstavljaju izraz normativnog konstitucionalizma. Osobito uzme li se u obzir njihov značaj u stvaranju materijalnih preduvjeta ostvarenju dostojanstva i autonomije pojedinca kao svrhe i cilja suvremene ustavne države. Pritom njihova povezanost s proračunskom materijom, kao prerogativom tijela predstavničke demokracije, ne smije biti valjan razlog odricanja mogućnosti njihove (ustavno)sudske ostvarivosti, jer bi se time propis zakonskog ranga (proračun) izdigao ponad vrijednosne strukture temeljnoga dokumenta (ustava) koji uspostavlja pravo na minimum sredstava za vođenje dostojnoga života i autonoman razvoj ljudske osobe. S time na umu, ipak je potrebno definiranje granice do koje ustavno sudište može ići u njihovoj zaštiti, a da ne pokuša supstituirati zakonodavca. Na teorijskoj je razini nemoguće povući „krutu“ crtu razgraničenja između uloge (ustavnog)sudstva i zakonodavca pri realizaciji ustavnih socijalnih jamstava. Stoga se najpogodnijim rješenjem ističe učenje iz poredbene prakse kolumbijskog Ustavnog suda čiji je aktivistički i agresivan pristup zaštiti socijalnih prava u određenim trenucima koketirao s politizacijom Ustavnoga suda. Iz tog je razloga graničnu crtu (ustavno)sudske zaštite socijalnih prava potrebno tražiti u institucionalnim ograničenjima ustavnoga sudstva, radije nego u pokušaju konstruiranja artificijelnih ograničenja tumačenih socijalnih prava i načela.
Vacuum Expansion and Collapse Inside an Infinite Shell
Authors: Laforet Christopher
Published: January 2023

The FRW model of cosmology assumes a Universe with uniform pressure and density everywhere in space at a given time. But at the largest scales, the Universe has a web-like structure surrounding large voids, violating these assumptions. Furthermore, a given region of spacetime is describable only by a single metric and therefore it cannot be that the Universe is modelled as an FRW perfect fluid since this would be the incorrect description of both the web and the voids. The cosmic web must be described by metrics with non-zero energy-momentum tensors with non-uniform pressure and density describing the matter within it. Therefore, the model of cosmology describing the expansion of the Universe must be a vacuum solution describing the empty spaces in the Universe surrounded by an infinite, massive shell (the surrounding Universe). The internal Schwarzschild metric is that model. The source of the Schwarzschild metric is shown to be at the event horizon, a location/time of infinite density, not at the singularity, as it is currently assumed. The spatial homogeneity of the metric is demonstrated by visualizing the geometry in the extrinsic "Kruskal-Szekeres" coordinates (visualized in 1+2 dimensions). Using the coordinate age of the Universe and transition redshift, this predicts the accelerated expansion, the Hubble diagram fits currently available cosmological data, and it gives a Hubble constant H0 of 71.6km/s/Mpc. The angular term of the metric describes the relativistic kinematic precession effect known as Thomas Precession which can be interpreted as spin about the time dimension.
The Proof of a Conjecture For a Continuos Golumb Ruler Model
Authors: Liu Tianyu , Luo Cuicui
Published: January 2023

In this paper we study a conjecture proposed by P.Duxbury , C.laror , L.Leduino de Salles Neto in 2021\cite{conjecture} on the Golumb Ruler Problem which is a classical optimization model in discrete case . In \cite{conjecture} the authors constucted a continuous model for the Golumb Ruler Problem associated to the discrete case and conjectured that the optimal value of both cases are equal . We deal with this conjecture via algebraic geometrical methods .
A Wireless Rowing Measurement System for Improving the Rowing Performance of Athletes
Authors: Hohmuth Richard , Schwensow Daniel , Malberg Hagen , Schmidt Martin
Published: January 2023

The rowing technique is a key factor in the overall rowing performance. Nowadays the athletes’ performance is so advanced that even small differences in technique can have an impact on sport competitions. To further improve the athletes’ performance, individualized rowing is necessary. This can be achieved by intelligent measurement technology that provides direct feedback. To address this issue, we developed a novel wireless rowing measurement system (WiRMS) that acquires rowing movement and measures muscle activity using electromyography (EMG). Our measurement system is able to measure several parameters simultaneously: the rowing forces, the pressure distribution on the scull, the oar angles, the seat displacement and the boat acceleration. WiRMS was evaluated in a proof-of-concept study with seven experienced athletes performing a training on water. Evaluation results showed that WiRMS is able to assess the rower’s performance by recording the rower’s movement and force applied to the scull. We found significant correlations (p<0.001) between stroke rate and drive-to-recovery ratio. By incorporating EMG data, a precise temporal assignment of the activated muscles and their contribution to the rowing motion was possible. Furthermore, we were able to show that the rower applies the force to the scull mainly with the index and middle fingers.
Transferable, Transparent and Flexible Pseudocapacitors from Ternary V2O5/PEDOT/Graphene Electrodes with High Durability in Organic Electrolyte
Authors: Gupta Sanju , Evans Brendan
Published: January 2023

Transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) are of enormous significance to the emergence of flexible and wearable electronics and continued growth of modern devices. Versatile and tunable TCEs, featuring with not only high optical transmittance but also intriguing features of electrochemical energy-storage capability, remain a significant challenge. Here we develop capacitive active films comprised of graphene-conjugated V2O5@poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) ternary composite (V2O5@PEDOT/rGO) on silver nanowire coated substrates as solid-state super/pseudocapacitors. The constructed electrodes exhibit improved electrolyte ions interaction with effective graphene layer, achieving high areal capacitance 0.6-1.2 mF.cm−2 with 0.5M LiCl electrolytes at optical transparency >60% with record durability. As demonstrated, the kinetic blocking of PEDOT layer and anchoring capability of graphene upon amphoteric soluble vanadium ions from layered V2O5 nanoribbons/nanobelts contribute synergistically to the unusual electrochemical stability, also shown using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) providing electroactivity sites and ion transportation rates. As-fabricated symmetric solid-state supercapacitors delivered broad potential window >1.4 V under two different electrolyte environments (aqueous LiCl and LiCl/PVA gel) and demonstrated higher power and energy density (0.27 μWh.cm−2) outperforming previously reported devices at <0.1 μWh.cm−2. The electrochemical properties are also discussed in terms of solvation in polymer gel electrolyte ions.
Development of Green Building Evaluation for Capacity Building of Civil Engineering Students to Realize Sustainable Development
Authors: Masri Rina Marina , Purwaamijaya Iskandar Muda , Widianingsih Irma , Purwaamijaya Btari Mariska
Published: January 2023

The purpose of writing this article is to determine the level of Civil Engineering capacity in the development of green buildings to realize sustainable development. Civil engineering really considers advances in transportation technology, environmental changes such as climate, soil structure and natural disasters as well as the development of green buildings to realize sustainable development. Civil engineering is used to design and oversee the construction of infrastructure. However, the facts on the ground show that there are still many who think that the construction of green buildings is not the responsibility of civil engineering personnel but the responsibility of spatial planning personnel. Constraints from the unaccommodated green building by civil engineering personnel of UPI Bandung gave rise to the author's idea to conduct an evaluation of green building development to increase the capacity of Civil Engineering in realizing sustainable development. The activity method is descriptive activity through online and offline face-to-face activities, discussions, practicum, pre-test and post-test. The population is civil engineering students of FPTK UPI Bandung who are still active as students. The sampling technique was done randomly. The tools used are computer hardware and software, tests, questionnaires and observation sheets. Data The primary data taken is data from activity participants and secondary data in the form of satellite images of housing locations. The data analysis technique used is understanding analysis, participants' attitudes and skills as well as spatial analysis. Based on the results and discussion of the research, some research findings that can be concluded regarding the level of understanding of respondents in analyzing green building development to realize sustainable development are that the implementation of appropriate standard operating procedures to explain the analysis of green building evaluation development to realize sustainable development can increase the capacity of Civil Engineering.
The Legality of Israel’s Self-Defense Claim of the Strikes on Hamas
Authors: Sefriani Sefriani , Erlangga Vania Lutfi Safira
Published: January 2023

The attacks by Israel against Palestine, which took place from 10th to 12th May in the Gaza Strip caused massive losses of civilians. Israel claims that the strikes are forms of self-defense in response to previous attacks by Hamas. This study has two objectives: (1) to analyze the arrangements of self-defense in international law and (2) to find out the legality of Israel’s self-defense claim of the strikes on Hamas on May 10-12, 2021. The study was a juridical-normative legal study with a conceptual, historical, and statutory approaches. The results of the study reveal that (1) self-defense is customary international law contains in Article 51 of the United Nations Charter; (2) Israel’s self-defense claim is invalid since it does not comply with Article 51 of the United Nations Charter and elements contained in International Customary Law, such as necessary, proportionality, immediacy, and imminence.
Relationship of the White Coat Effect with Endpoints and Several Prognostic Indicators in Hypertensive Patients Treated with Regular Antihypertensive Therapy
Authors: Andreeva G. F. , Smirnova M. I. , Gorbunov V. M. , Kurekhyan A. S. , Koshelyaevskaya Y. N.
Published: January 2023

Aim of the study was to evaluate in a prospective cohort study the relationship between the severity of the white coat effect (WHE) in patients with hypertension, who treated with regular antihypertensive therapy, and the composite endpoint, several prognostic indicators, in a routine clinical practice.

Material and Methods. We analyzed the data of a prospective cohort study, which included 125 patients with hypertension who received regular antihypertensive therapy. The study consisted of three visits (baseline, 6 and 12 months) and an outcome data collection period (30.1±7.6 months of follow-up after the third visit). This study included three visits every 3 months: 1 visit – screening, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) session, Echo; 2 – assessment of the patient’s status and the therapy effectiveness; 3- assessment of the patient’s status, ABPM session, Echo (the total number of ABPM was 239, Echo - 240). The primary composite endpoint included death for any reason angina pectoris, transient ischemic attack, development of chronic heart failure, arterial revascularization, frequent ventricular extrasystoles, atrial fibrillation, secondary - deterioration of the cardiovascular diseases course and tertiary endpoint – deterioration of the arterial hypertension, concomitant diseases course.

Results. The study involved 125 patients: 28 men (22%), 97 women (78%), mean age was 62.6±0.8 years, duration of hypertension 11.6±0.8 years, height 163.6±0.7 cm, body weight 83.1±1.4 kg. The baseline mean daytime systolic BP (SBP) was 125.1±9.8 and diastolic (DBP) – 76.1±7.0 mm Hg, age was 62.8±9.0 years, the WCE level for SBP was 16.5±1.4, for DBP 10.9±0.7 mm Hg. We identified a positive correlation between tertiary composite endpoint data and WCE: for systolic WCE (SWCE) (F = 4.7, p<0.031). We found correlations between WCE and Echo parameters: 1) SWCE level had with LVMI (r = 0.16. p<0.017); 2) diastolic WCE (DWCE) had negative relationship with LV contractility parameters.

Conclusions. Thus, only systolic WCE level had correlation with composite endpoint data and LVMI. DWCE level had negative associations with echocardiography LV contractility parameters.
Healthy Eating in Population Models of Nutrition: Asian Diet Style Summary
Authors: Shvabskaia O. B. , Karamnova N. S. , Izmailova O. V. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: January 2023

The population of Japan and Okinawa is known for the longest life expectancy, which many researchers rightly associate with the nature of nutrition existing in these territories. The Japanese diet and Okinawan diet, along with other traditional diets, are real examples of historically established sustainable patterns of healthy eating. Asian eating styles have marked differences from European eating patterns, not only in differences in food sources, but also in eating habits. The article presents the historical, climatic and cultural features of these diets; the issues of food composition, energy and nutritional value of these models of nutrition are considered in detail with an analysis of the differences existing between them; highlights the benefits of products grown mainly in Japan, which are ration-forming for the population of this country; as well as the results of scientific studies on the protective effect of the Japanese and Okinawan diets on human health and disease prevention.
Natriuresis as a Way to Assess the Effectiveness of Diuretic Therapy for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: Data from a Pilot Study
Authors: Charaya K. V. , Shchekochikhin D. Yu. , Tarasenko S. N. , Ananicheva N. A. , Sovetova S. A. , Soboleva T. V. , Dikur O. N. , Borenstein A. I. , Andreev D. A.
Published: January 2023

Aim. To analyze the clinical significance of the sodium level in a single urine test obtained 2 hours after the first dose of a loop diuretic was administered in patients with acute decompensation of chronic heart failure (ADHF).

Material and methods. An observational study was conducted on the basis of a rapid-care hospital. The concentration of sodium in urine analysis obtained 2 hours after intravenous administration of the first dose of loop diuretic and natriuresis for the first day of hospitalization were evaluated. The development of resistance to diuretics was taken as the primary endpoint (the need to increase the daily dose of furosemide by more than 2 times compared to the initial one or the addition of another class of diuretic drugs).

Results. 25 patients with ADHF were included. The average age of patients was 69.0±14.8 years, 16 (64%) of them were men. The average left ventricular ejection fraction was 49.0±13.5%. The level of the N‐terminal fragment of the brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was 3416 (2128; 5781) pg/ml. The average sodium concentration in the urine analysis obtained 2 hours after the start of treatment was 100.6±41.0 mmol / l. The concentration of sodium in urine for the first day was 102.2±39.0 mmol/l. 2 hours after the start of treatment, the sodium concentration in a single urine test was less than 50 mmol/l in 5 (20%) patients. Upon further observation, oligoanuria (defined as diuresis of less than 400 ml within 24 hours) developed in 2 of them. Oligoanuria was not detected among patients whose sodium concentration was more than 50 mmol/l. The need for escalation (any increase in the dose of a loop diuretic and/or the addition of another class of diuretic drugs) arose in 7 (28%) patients; at the same time, we diagnosed the development of resistance to diuretics in 5 (20%) of them. Resistance to diuretics was more common among patients with a sodium concentration in a single urine test obtained 2 hours after the start of furosemide administration, less than 50 mmol/l (p=0.037); when dividing the recruited patient population into subgroups with a sodium concentration in a single urine test ≥50 mmol/l and <50 mmol/l there was no significant difference in the need for any escalation of diuretic therapy [3 (60%) vs 4 (20%), p=0.07].

Conclusion. Resistance to diuretics is more common among patients with a sodium concentration in a single urine test obtained 2 hours after the first dose of furosemide, less than 50 mmol / l. Evaluation of natriuresis allows to identify insufficient effectiveness of diuretic therapy already at the beginning of treatment.
Legal Protection for Victims of Trafficking in Persons From a Human Rights Perspective
Authors: Oktavionita Falen , Riyadh Ahmad
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the legal protection for victims of trafficking in persons in terms of human rights perspective. This research is based on the fact that there are still cases of trafficking in persons and the protection of victims is still not effective. Victims are entitled to protection according to human rights guidelines. The author conducted this research using a normative research method using a statutory approach related to the object under study and also using a conceptual approach. The data collection technique used is secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, namely legislation and secondary legal materials in the form of books, scientific papers and data obtained. This study explains that a person who is a victim of trafficking in persons is entitled to protection in accordance with the provisions of the legislation as well as the provision of compensation rights to victims of trafficking in persons according to the human rights inherent in him. And this study also discusses the role of the government and the community in an effort to provide protection for victims of trafficking in persons to uphold human rights.