bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing and Implementing the Psychiatrist-led Personalized Mentorship Programs: The Role and Impact of Live Consultation-driven Training Methods
Authors: Manjunatha Narayana , Shadakshari Darshan , Singhal Priyanka , Kumar Channaveerachari Naveen , Math Suresh Bada
Published: October 2024

Background:

Clinical training in traditional medical education often needs more translational value, especially for in-service MBBS doctors working in primary health centers (PHCs), who provide first-line treatment for psychiatric disorders. To address this gap, a psychiatrist-led personalized mentorship program incorporating three live consultation-driven training (CDT) methods was developed to integrate psychiatric care into PHCs.

Methods:

The authors designed and implemented a personalized mentorship program using three CDT methods tailored for in-service MBBS doctors. The CDT methods were applied through live consultations to facilitate real-time, real-life learning and integration of psychiatric care into primary health settings. Data from published articles and manuals on CDT methods were collected, focusing on their descriptions, effectiveness, principles, and advantages over traditional classroom training.

Results:

Data indicate the effectiveness of the CDT methods to translate to real-life skills (translational quotient). The personalized mentorship program showed promising results in enhancing the confidence and competence of MBBS doctors in managing psychiatric disorders in PHCs. The CDT methods were found to be superior to traditional classroom training in terms of practical applicability and real-time learning.

Conclusion:

The psychiatrist-led personalized mentorship program with CDT methods demonstrates the potential for significant improvements in the training of in-service MBBS doctors, facilitating the integration of psychiatric care into PHCs. These methods offer a practical and effective approach to bridging the gap in clinical training and can be replicated among medical students and residents across various medical and surgical specialties. Further research and longitudinal studies are recommended to validate these preliminary findings and explore the program’s broader applicability.
Lessons Learned from Working from Home: Exploring Factors Considered Critical to Supporting Successful Working from Home During the Pandemic
Authors: McTaggart Valerie , McLaughlin Christopher
Published: October 2024

This research study explores the experiences of those who transitioned from working within a traditional office setting to working from home (WFH) during the COVID-19 pandemic. To explore the factors individuals consider critical to successfully WFH during the pandemc, this investigation draws inferences from Herzberg’s two-factor theory (1959) and the job demands–resources (JD-R) model and their underlying components. Data were collected from 294 participants through the distribution of a qualitative survey during the first phases of the COVID-19 lockdowns. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse the data. Our findings identified four factors necessary for successful WFH. These four themes presented as a working-from-home framework are: (a) the home office environment; (b) technical set-up; (c) social capital and (d) the new reality. This framework illustrates that implementing long-term successful WFH is a balancing act, and that organizations must consider not only the hygiene factors and motivators of Herzberg’s theory but also the positive and negative indications and outcomes of an employee’s well-being as set out in the JD-R model. Consequently, Herzberg’s theory and the JD-R model must be considered equally when developing a long-term working-from-home strategy. Understanding and addressing these factors will support organizations in unlocking the full potential of WFH to enhance employee productivity, satisfaction and well-being. As data were gathered during the first phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, this research also provides unique insights into workers’ experiences transitioning from office work to WFH during COVID-19.
Book review: Ritajyoti Bandyopadhyay, Streets in Motion: The Making of Infrastructure, Property, and Political Culture in Twentieth Century Calcutta
Authors: Sarkar Abhishek
Published: October 2024

Ritajyoti Bandyopadhyay, Streets in Motion: The Making of Infrastructure, Property, and Political Culture in Twentieth Century Calcutta (Cambridge University Press, 2022), xiv + 305 pp.
From Institutions to the Platform Society: An Interdisciplinary Reading of Recent Works by Roberto Esposito
Authors: Serafini Luca
Published: October 2024

In recent years, reflection on institutions has assumed great prominence in Italian Theory. Roberto Esposito especially, in his three most recent books, has provided a genealogy of institutions, aimed at challenging the prevailing way in which they have been thematized in Western thought. As he sees it, a repressive conception of institutions has dominated in philosophy as well as in sociology and legal studies, which views them as apparatuses that limit the free expansion of individual instincts and life itself. Following an original hermeneutic path, the Italian philosopher seeks to pull through strands of thought that understand the concepts of institution and life to be mutually implicated rather than opposed to each other. This article starts from Roberto Esposito’s work on institutions, clarifying its meaning and perspective. It then draws connections between Esposito’s instituent thought and a few focal points of contemporary sociological thought on institutions. Specifically, it analyzes how Esposito’s post-normative perspective presents similarities with the ‘cognitive turn’ in the institutional thought of new institutionalism, among other sociological schools. The article concludes by showing that Esposito’s work and its connections with sociological thought enable one to reflect critically on a number of practices spawned in the ‘platform society’ by new institutional actors such as Big Tech.
Self-care towards the end of life: A systematic review and narrative synthesis on access, quality and cost
Authors: Gallagher Joshua , Antunes Bárbara , Sutton James , Kuhn Isla , Kelly Michael P , Duschinsky Robbie , Barclay Stephen
Published: October 2024

Background:

Policy and practice encourages patients to engage in self-care, with individual patient management and remote monitoring of disease. Much is known of the moderate stage of chronic disease, without a clear understanding of how self-care applies towards the end of life.

Aim:

To review the current evidence on practices of self-care in life-limiting conditions and its impacts on healthcare utilisation, quality of life and associated costs.

Design:

We systematically searched 10 scientific databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, Sociological Abstracts, Social Work Abstracts and Health Management Information Consortium) from inception to October 2023 with citation and hand searching. A narrative synthesis was undertaken, with quality and relevance assessed using Gough’s Weight of Evidence framework. Titles and abstracts were independently screened by three researchers.

Results:

Findings from 33 studies revealed self-care as increasingly burdensome or unfeasible towards the end of life, with patients delaying use of professional care. Self-care became increasingly burdensome for patients, carers and professionals as illness progressed. Self-monitoring may exacerbate hospitalisations as patients delayed seeking professional help until crises arose. Findings regarding quality were inconclusive, with some evidence suggesting that self-care can decrease care costs.

Conclusions:

This review has shown that research on self-care is an evolving area of study, with a current focus on acute care and hospitalisations. Future research should seek to provide a more complete account of the relation between self-care and non-acute care use, and quality, with further efforts to study self-care costs incurred through self-funding.
Quantifying mobile robot localization safety for an EKF-based SLAM estimator: An integrity monitoring approach
Authors: Abdul Hafez Osama , Joerger Mathieu , Spenko Matthew
Published: October 2024

The safety of SLAM-based estimation for mobile robots is a challenging research problem, particularly for life- or mission-critical exploratory applications. To address this problem, this work proposes a method to utilize integrity risk, a widely used performance metric in aviation, to quantify SLAM-based mobile robot’s localization safety. More importantly, the approach accounts for sensor measurement faults, unknown deterministic errors that cannot be modeled via Gaussian white noise. The method is tailored for an EKF-based SLAM estimator, a chi-squared failure detector, and a local nearest neighbors data association criterion. The results show that data association errors can cause significant positioning performance degradation that can only be predicted using the proposed integrity risk metric. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that as the map’s landmark density increases, mobile robot localization safety improves, except when the landmark map’s density is too high to make the features indistinguishable, which leads to positioning safety degradation.
Comparative and experimental pathology of passaged Newcastle disease virus isolates in ducks
Authors: Hishikawa Sohta , Sunden Yuji , Imamura Aoi , Hidaka Chiharu , Ito Hiroshi , Ito Toshihiro , Morita Takehito
Published: October 2024

Although waterfowl are less susceptible to Newcastle disease (ND) virus (NDV) infection compared with chickens and turkeys, lethal ND in waterfowl has been sporadically reported. Factors underlying the high pathogenicity of certain NDV strains in waterfowl remain unclear. In ducks, the NDV 9a5b isolate shows low pathogenicity while the d5a20b isolate shows high pathogenicity. This study aimed to identify the definitive lesions that led to the lethal virulence of d5a20b by comparing the histopathology of 9a5b- or d5a20b-inoculated ducks in order to elucidate lesions related to the enhanced pathogenicity of certain NDV strains in ducks. Herein, 7-day-old ducks were intranasally inoculated with either 9a5b or d5a20b NDV strains. The neurological signs were more severe in the d5a20b-inoculated group than in the 9a5b-inoculated group. Ducks in the d5a20b-inoculated group exhibited more severe lymphoid depletion in immune organs than those in the 9a5b-inoculated group, which may have caused an immunosuppressive state in the d5a20b-inoculated ducks. Ducks in the d5a20b-inoculated group had more severe nonsuppurative encephalitis with increased NDV nucleoprotein than those in the 9a5b-inoculated group. Additionally, pancreatic necrosis, with intralesional NDV nucleoprotein, was more severe in the d5a20b-inoculated group than in the 9a5b-inoculated group. Our results showed that the immune organs, brain, and pancreas were significant targets of the NDV d5a20b infection in ducks.
Fragile Geographies and the Climate-Conflict Nexus: Investigating Climate-Induced Security Risks, Migration, and Inequality in Balochistan, Pakistan
Authors: Makki Muhammad , Butt Faruzan Anwer , Akash Syed Ali , Petrova Kristina , Naeem Sabeel Ahmad
Published: October 2024

Although climate change has been recognized as a “threat multiplier,” its specific effects on conflict-affected areas remain underexplored. This study investigates the nexus between climate change and violent conflict within the “fragile geography” of Balochistan, Pakistan’s largest province. Balochistan’s increasingly fragmented security landscape and recurring natural disasters, notably the 2022 floods, provide a pertinent background for examining the interplay between climate change and violent conflict. A qualitative approach was employed, whereby interviews and group discussions were conducted in two Balochistan districts. The analysis revealed that weak institutional capacity, deep-rooted socioeconomic and political inequalities, and notably, “migration patterns” are critical variables influencing the dynamic interplay between climate change and violent conflict in the region. By analyzing the vulnerabilities inherent in Balochistan’s diverse physiography, this study illuminates how climate change exacerbates violent conflict in a region already beset by instability, highlighting the urgent need for a more nuanced understanding to address these complex challenges.
Precarity and agency in youthspaces of work: The case of food delivery platform workers in Athens, Greece
Authors: Avagianou Athina , Chatzichristos Georgios , Herod Andrew , Gialis Stelios
Published: October 2024

The growth of digital platforms is spawning new, if often precarious, forms of work. One such type of work that has particularly grown in recent years, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, is that of digital platform-facilitated on-demand food delivery services. Such deliveries are often undertaken by younger workers. Given this, here we explore the following research questions: (i) what forms of labour precarity are found and reproduced in the physical and digital spaces that young food delivery platform (FDP) workers create and inhabit?; and (ii) what types of agency do FDP workers develop within these spaces in order to navigate – and sometimes resist – precarity? Drawing upon concepts from critical Youth Studies, Geographical Political Economy and Labour Geography, the article develops the concept of precarious youthspaces of work to investigate the connections between youths’ everyday lives and the production of space. To do so we present a qualitative study conducted in Athens, Greece, that sought to capture the multifaceted working arrangements of FDP workers, both offline and online. Our analysis reveals that FDP workers suffer various forms of labour precarity which they must navigate. But such workers are not just accommodating to precarity. They have also generated forms of collective oppositional agency that are reshaping local labour markets. However, whilst their agency has sometimes generated solidarity and robust collective movements it has also led to divisions that have limited cooperation amongst FDP workers.
Banks on a plane: The possibilities and limits of spatial accessibility measures for understanding geographies of financial exclusion
Authors: Pardue Ryan , Shelton Taylor
Published: October 2024

This paper examines how the underlying assumptions of geospatial accessibility metrics impact their representation of social and spatial relations and how these assumptions ultimately produce differing understandings of financial exclusion and its geographies. As increasing scholarly and public attention has been paid to the role of policy and institutions in (re)producing racial inequality in the United States, the role of the financial and banking system has taken on a particular importance. While conventional banking services offer the foundations of economic opportunity through savings and credit, these institutions have rarely been spatially uniform in their distribution or equally available to all classes of people. Instead, the growth of alternative financial services (or AFS) has sought to target those left out of the conventional banking system, offering higher interest and often predatory lines of credit to already marginalized people and communities. In order to examine financial exclusion and its geographies, this paper maps both banks and AFS in the Atlanta metropolitan region using five different methods for measuring spatial accessibility. Ultimately, while each of these five methods reveals a bifurcated pattern of financial exclusion across the metro where wealthier, whiter areas have higher access to banks and lower access to AFS and poorer, predominantly Black areas have relatively little access to banks and higher concentrations of AFS, each method produces a somewhat different picture of this process and its geography, calling attention to the role that such metrics play in shaping our collective understandings of racial inequality and how it to address it.
Thermodynamical interactions in a double porosity model with diffusion and microtemperatures
Authors: Boora Kirti , Kumar Sunil , Poonia Ravinder , Deswal Sunita
Published: October 2024

This manuscript investigates the disruptions occurring in a two-dimensional homogeneous, isotropic, thermoelastic medium with diffusion, double porosity and microtemperatures under Lord and Shulman (LS) theory of generalized thermoelasticity. A mechanical load is applied at the outer free surface of the solid half-space. To procure the exact expressions for various field variables, normal mode analysis is utilized. Numerical computations are performed for a particular material and the acquired results are visualized through graphical representations with the aid of MATLAB software. Comparisons are carried out to elucidate the influences of diffusion parameter, time, double porosity and intensity of load on the resulting quantities.

2010 MSC: 74A15, 80A20.
Multi-market trading and overnight price discovery: Evidence from American Depository Receipts
Authors: Hoang Lai , Vo Duc Hong
Published: October 2024

This article compares the overnight price discovery of American Depository Receipts (ADRs) and common stocks traded in the US stock market. It examines how trading activities of ADRs’ underlying shares in home markets affect price discovery. We find that the efficiency of the opening price and the price discovery during the close-to-open period is significantly higher than that of US common stocks. Further analyses show that the price discovery of ADRs shifts from the trading day to the overnight, and the opening prices of ADRs are more efficient if there are more trading activities of underlying shares in home markets. The results suggest that trading similar assets in multiple markets over non-overlapping hours improves price efficiency.

JEL Classification: G12, G14, G15
Medical silos, social identity, and duty of care: A call for health leaders to improve transitions of care
Authors: Bakewell Francis
Published: October 2024

This article explores the concept of medical silos, particularly within hospital systems, and examines their deeper roots in social identity and the fiduciary duty of care of healthcare providers. While traditional perspectives focus on informational and communication barriers, this analysis highlights how professional identity and moral obligations contribute to the persistence of silos. Social identity theory reveals that strong in-group affiliations, formed during medical training and specialization, fosters collaboration within groups but also create divisions between them. Similarly, the fiduciary duty of care, central to ethical medical practice, may inadvertently reinforce silo boundaries in resource-limited environments. By emphasizing the role of centralized leadership, the article proposes that health system managers and leaders, with the broadest possible duty of care, must take action to dismantle these barriers. Recommendations include re-evaluating policies for patient transitions and fostering integrated care pathways to improve overall system flow, rather than simply balancing the agendas of stakeholders within their silos.
Opportunistic Identification of Coronary Artery Calcium and Valve/Vascular Calcifications on Chest X-Ray: Improvements With Single-Exposure Dual-Energy Imaging
Authors: Rogalla Patrik , Dos Santos Jonatas Favero Prietto , Wintersperger Bernd J. , Potipcoe Jay , Tilley Steve , Speck Nathan , Afkhami Neda , Karim Karim S. , Carey Sean , Cadour Farah , Sanchez Tijmes Felipe
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To evaluate whether single-exposure, dual-energy chest X-ray (DEX) improves visualization of coronary artery calcium (CAC) and valve/vascular calcifications compared to conventional X-ray. Materials and Methods: Sixty-one bone-marrow transplant patients (22- 79 years; median 61; IQR 15; w/m, 24/37), underwent single-exposure dual-energy X-ray (Reveal 35C, KA imaging) in pa and lateral projection, followed by a standard-of-care chest CT. Two DEX pairs (pa/lateral) were calculated: a composite image (COMP) and a bone image with soft-tissue subtraction (BI). The COMP pair was reviewed by 2 chest radiologists, assessing the presence/absence of CAC and valve/vascular calcifications on a confidence scale from −2 (confidently not present) to 2 (confidently present). Subsequently, the BI pair was revealed, and readers reevaluated both pairs (COMP and BI) jointly using the identical scale. CTCAC scores were categorized according to the CAC-DRS (0-3) and served as standard of reference, valve/vascular calcifications were categorized on CT as present or absent. Results: For detecting CAC on DEX in any CAC-DRS category (1-3), in category 2-3, in category 3, and for valve/vascular calcifications, the ROC-AUC (combined for both readers) for COMP images was 0.74 (CI: 0.64-0.84), 0.81 (CI: 0.68-0.94), 0.84 (CI: 0.69-0.98), and 0.90 (CI: 0.83-0.99), and for the BI images 0.91 (CI: 0.83-0.98), 0.94 (CI: 0.86- 1.00), 0.89 (CI: 0.77-1.00), and 0.98 (CI: 0.96-1.00), with P = .0003, P = .044, P = .42, and P = .55, respectively. The Intraclass-Correlation-Coefficient (ICC) for CAC on COMP/BI was 0.973/0.954, and for valve/vascular calcifications 0.971/0.965. Conclusion: Single-exposure, dual-energy acquisition improves diagnostic confidence for coronary artery calcium and valve/vascular calcification identification on chest X-rays.
Fatigue life prediction of continuous glass-fiber reinforced elium thermoplastic composites via energy based thermographic approach
Authors: Kayihan Mete , Bakkal Mustafa
Published: October 2024

The long-term performance of composite materials produced within the scope of lightweighting, should be examined with fatigue tests. Nonetheless, these tests take a long time and require a lot of energy. For overcoming these limitations, the thermographic method was used during the fatigue test and recorded temperature changes. Before starting the fatigue tests, the mechanical properties of glass fiber-reinforced Elium-based composites were clarified via tensile and three-point bending tests for two different fiber orientations (0/90 and 0/90/45). Then, the fatigue tests were carried out to identify the long-term performance of these materials. During the test, temperature values were recorded with an infrared camera. These values were converted to energy dissipated per cycle and temperature increase. These data established high cycle fatigue strength limits for both fiber orientations. In addition, using the fatigue test data, the potential cycles at lower stress values were calculated using a mathematical model and were validated with verification tests. With this method, the fatigue cycle has been predicted for high cycle fatigue tests and it carried out the validation test successfully with 93% similarity of fatigue cycle. Finally, the cycle numbers of all low-stress high-cycle fatigue tests were determined.
Playing with Space to Deal with the Contradictions of Customer Sovereignty: An Ethnography of Service Workers’ Spatial Tactics in Train Stations
Authors: Grandazzi Albane , Sitte de Longueval Oriane , Suquet Jean-Baptiste
Published: October 2024

While the existing literature on service work allows us to understand how customer sovereignty policies constrain service work by transforming servicescapes, we need a more agential approach to how service workers use space as a resource to deal with the tensions resulting from the promotion of customer sovereignty. This article draws on de Certeau’s thinking to fill this gap by looking at how workers play with space constraints and opportunities and deploy spatial tactics to walk a fine line with their customers. Through an ethnographic study of service work in train stations, this article offers a fine-grained empirical account of the spatial tactics used by workers in their daily work. We show how they use space to cope with the tensions in their daily interactions with customers, and how spatial tactics constitute micro-practices of resistance to customer sovereignty policies.
Intergenerational cohabitation and welfare attitudes among European young adults
Authors: Arévalo-Iglesias Gonzalo
Published: October 2024

This article explores the relationship between intergenerational cohabitation and welfare attitudes focusing on the perspective of cohabiting adult children in Europe. Cohabitation constitutes a common support arrangement for young adults who face labour market risk, reducing their need for state-based welfare, but might also lead to feelings of frustration when the dependency clashes with social norms, increasing the incentives to demand policies that enable emancipation. Using data from the 8th wave of the European Social Survey, I fit ordered logistic models for a sample of 6895 young adults in 16 European countries, focusing on attitudes towards unemployment benefits and basic income. Results indicate that the link between labour market risk and attitudes is weaker when young adults live with their parents. Moreover, living with parents is associated with higher demand for basic income schemes, but this effect is weaker in countries where cohabitation constitutes a common support arrangement. These findings highlight the relevance of considering the household context when studying the link between labour market risk and welfare attitudes, and suggest that norms regarding the division of responsibilities between families and the state might hold back demand for state-based welfare in familialistic countries.
Iconic models in science and psychology
Authors: Grice James W. , Jones Ian T.
Published: October 2024

Scientists use a wide variety of models to formally represent their theories, including computational, quantitative, and mathematical models. A type of model often overlooked in discussions of modeling is an iconic model, which is a visual or physical representation of the structures and processes comprising some natural phenomenon. In the current paper, we present a brief history of iconic models as they have been employed in other sciences such as astronomy, physics, biology, and chemistry. We then present several iconic models that are well known to psychologists and show how they played important roles in theory construction and evaluation. Modern methods of iconic modeling are next presented and demonstrated with several examples. Finally, we close with a discussion of how iconic models can be used in tandem with computational, quantitative, or mathematical modeling procedures in the quest for rigorous theories of the human psyche.
A model predictive control algorithm for double-hormone artificial pancreas based on optimal three-branch decision switching rules
Authors: Sun Chao , Ren Zhuangzhuang , Liu Pengfei , Kong Xuehua , Guo Haoran , Zhao Haichao , Zhang Yuan
Published: October 2024

At present, double-hormone artificial pancreas is a hotspot in the research of regulating blood glucose level; however, there are few studies on switching mechanism of the subsystems for double-hormone artificial pancreas, and most of the existing studies rely on the prior knowledge of application fields. A model predictive control algorithm for double-hormone artificial pancreas based on optimal three-branch decision switching rules is proposed to solve this problem. The blood glucose controllers of insulin subsystems, zero infusion subsystems, and glucagon subsystems are constructed using model predictive control algorithms. Then, using the three-branch decision theory, switching rules between the three subsystems are designed, and the optimal switching threshold value can be solved by the mixed fruit fly algorithm. The algorithm can realize automatic acquisition of the threshold in the three-branch decision switching rules and gets rid of the dependence on the prior knowledge in the field of diabetes research. By the end, the UVa simulation platform is used to conduct experiments on 33 virtual patients and the simulation results verify that the proposed algorithm can control blood glucose effectively within the normal range and can achieve satisfactory performabce in error of tracking set point, safety, operation efficiency, group control quality, and system stability.
Fixed-time second-order sliding mode output feedback trajectory tracking control for an autonomous surface vehicle with model uncertainties and prescribed performance
Authors: Gao Lu , Zhang Lu , Shi Kaibo
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates the fixed-time trajectory tracking control problem of autonomous surface vehicle system with asymmetric performance constraints. The external disturbances, model uncertainties and the difficulty of velocity measurement are all taken into account in the controller design. Asymmetric performance constraints are firstly studied to improve the transient and steady-state performance of the tracking error system. Next, a fixed-time extended state observer is developed to estimate the unknown velocity and external disturbances. Both the fixed-time first-order and the second-order PID-type sliding surfaces are designed. Further, two continuous output feedback controllers are built to achieve high control accuracy and low energy consumption and to achieve fixed-time stability of the closed-loop system. Finally, abundant simulations for CyberShip II demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
EU-induced financialisation and its impact on the Greek wage share, 1999–2021
Authors: Gouzoulis Giorgos , Iliopoulos Panagiotis (Takis) , Galanis Giorgos
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the determinants of the income share of wage earners in the non-financial, private sectors of Greece since its introduction to the Eurozone in 1999. The main outcome of the integration of Greece into the Eurozone has been the financialisation of its economy, which has been particularly influential for households since it led to the rapid rise of household indebtedness. Building on recent research which shows that financialisation shape wage bargaining outcomes, we use quarterly data from the Eurostat and demonstrate that the relative size of the FIRE sectors and the increase in household debt have been negative drivers of the wage share in Greece over the last 22 years. Our findings also suggest that the employment-tied social benefits system and tertiary education provision have also been important determinants of workers’ income share.
Gender characterization in Lady Windermere’s Fan and its Chinese translations: A corpus stylistic approach
Authors: Zhu Yifan
Published: October 2024

This study examines gender representation in Oscar Wilde’s comedy and satire, Lady Windermere’s Fan (1892), using a corpus stylistic analysis. Specifically, it analyzes gender characterization patterns in the original drama and explores how these patterns shift in two Chinese translations: Shen Xingren’s translation in 1918 and Hong Shen’s translation in 1923. By analyzing keyword patterns, collocational patterns, and characterization cues, the study reveals the intricate nature of gender characterization in the source text. Subsequently, a comparison is made between the textual patterns of the source text and their manifestations in the translations. The findings indicate that while Shen Xingren’s translation quite faithfully (re)represents the gender images and relations of the source text, Hong Shen’s selective appropriation of women and men characterization in his translation not only suppresses the source text’s potential to challenge moral absolutism towards women but also undermines the voices of women present in the original text. The article suggests that the re-representation or shifts in gender characterization observed between the source and target texts can be attributed to the translator’s ideology and adherence to particular poetics.
Sleep Disorders Among Patients with Connective Tissue Disease-associated Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Mruthyunjaya Prakashini , Ghosh Anushka , Meka Surya Teja , Subhankar Saswat , Akkiraju Yashaswi Ranga Bharadwaj , Maikap Debashis , Singh Pratima , Padhan Prasanta
Published: October 2024

Background:

Patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) frequently experience sleep-related disorders like insomnia, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), and restless leg syndrome (RLS). Poor sleep quality in ILD significantly impacts health-related quality of life, leading to increased morbidity and mortality.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted at a tertiary care centre in Eastern India. Consecutive cases of CTD-ILD and age-matched controls were recruited and were administered a Sleep Questionnaire that included questions related to insomnia, RLS, parasomnias, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Berlin, STOP-BANG questionnaires.

Results:

Forty cases of CTD-ILD and age-matched controls were enrolled. The mean age of patients was 46.5 ± 12.53 years and 90% were female. On the ESS, where a score of >10 is significant, the patients with CTD-ILD had significantly higher daytime sleepiness as compared to controls ( p = .014). Per the Berlin questionnaire, 57.5% of the patients were at high risk ( p = .025). RLS was significantly higher in patients compared with controls ( Table 5 , p < .05).

Conclusion:

Sleep disorders and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) are highly prevalent in CTD-ILD. In resource-limited settings, sleep-related questionnaires can serve as a screening tool to identify patients who require further comprehensive evaluation.
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)—Indian Perspective
Authors: Malaviya Anand N. , Kapoor Sanjiv
Published: October 2024

Reduced life expectancy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been recognised since the 1950s, with standardised mortality rates (SMRs) of 1.41 for females and 1.08 for males. Extensive studies worldwide, including in India, have attributed this to a high prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in RA. The increased ASCVD risk in RA and other inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (I-RMDs) is influenced not only by conventional ASCVD risk factors (such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, and family history) but also by the degree and duration of systemic inflammation, as indicated by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels. Therefore, preventing ASCVD in RA and other I-RMDs has become a critical responsibility for rheumatologists. A two-pronged strategy is recommended: (a) strict lipid control and (b) stringent management of systemic inflammation, measured by hs-CRP levels.

This article summarises the Lipid Association of India (LAI) guidelines for preventing ASCVD in RA and other I-RMDs, which can be implemented by specialist rheumatologist-nurse-led teams in rheumatology clinics and departments.
Connecting Urban Mobility and Gender Roles: Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors: Tu Le Thi Ngoc
Published: October 2024

Good transport infrastructure and services improve the well-being of all groups of the population, including women, men, children, the elderly and people with disabilities. However, they are often incorrectly considered ‘gender-neutral’. Mobility is socially determined by gender roles related to reproduction, production and community. This research investigates the cohesive relationship of urban transportation, including mobility, gender and care, by studying the case of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). The differences between women’s and men’s participation in transportation are identified and connected to gender-role activities. The findings show a clear relationship between urban mobility and gender roles. There is clear evidence of women’s trade-off between travelling less than men and carrying more unpaid work in the family, which is more pronounced for married women who live with their families. Differences in women’s traffic experiences compared to men’s reveal the disadvantages that women face in traffic. The findings of this research will assist the HCMC transport sector and project executive agencies in designing gender-inclusive projects. The dissemination of this research will draw attention to the gender dimension of transport and encourage gender mainstreaming across the transport sector to promote and support equality and women’s empowerment.
Understanding Nursing Students’ Competency in Working with Culturally Diverse Populations: A Palestinian Perspective
Authors: Harazneh Lobna , Ayed Ahmad , Salameh Basma
Published: October 2024

Background:

Understanding cultural competency is essential for providing competent, culturally sensitive care for improving health outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine nursing students’ competency in working with culturally diverse populations.

Methods:

A cross-sectional design was conducted among 243 nursing students during their internship. The Cultural Competence Assessment Scale and a perception of student competency scale were used.

Results:

The study revealed that nursing students hold a high level of behavioral competence and awareness, with mean scores of 4.99 ± 0.84 and 4.77 ± 0.52, respectively. Nursing students’ cultural competency behavior was significantly predicted by resident location and cultural awareness, as revealed by multivariable regression analysis.

Conclusion:

Nurses must deliver culturally competent health care to individuals from a variety of backgrounds. It is critical to implement efficient interventions, including focused educational programs, aimed at improving students’ readiness to offer equitable and culturally sensitive care to various patient populations.
Scotch yoke structure inspired piezoelectric-electromagnetic hybrid harvester for wave energy harvesting
Authors: Jia Shengyao , Hong Chunbo , Shi Ge , Han Jianqiang , Xu Ruofan , Xia Yinshui , Xia Huakang
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a piezoelectric-electromagnetic hybrid harvester for wave energy harvesting inspired by a scotch yoke structure for obtaining energy from irregular and low-frequency waves. Through simplification of the energy harvester model, the kinematic equations of the scotch yoke are established. One of the advantages of the harvester is that the wave energy can be harvested by an up-conversion mechanism, The piezoelectric transducer (PZT) and electromagnetic generator (EMG) transform the wave excitation into electricity, and by utilizing the frequency up-conversion mechanism, the PZTs’ harvesting efficiency is increased, the influencing factors of the output power of the harvester are explored by simulation and experimental studies, The results of the experiment demonstrate that this harvester could generate an ultimate output power of 286.36 mW at ultra-low frequency (1.4 Hz) operating frequency. This study offers a practical solution for harvesting low-frequency and disordered wave energy and makes significant progress in harvesting low-frequency and irregular wave energy.
Icodec: A Novel Once-Weekly Basal Insulin for Diabetes Management
Authors: Goldman Jennifer , Triplitt Curtis , Isaacs Diana
Published: October 2024

Objective:

To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and clinical implications of insulin icodec, a novel once-weekly basal insulin for the treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), with an emphasis on its advantages and challenges in comparison with existing daily basal insulins.

Data Sources:

A literature search was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov up to August 26, 2024, using the search terms icodec and ONWARDS trial. Studies involving patients living with T1D or T2D on once-weekly insulin icodec compared with once-daily insulins glargine U100, glargine U300, and degludec were considered for this review.

Study Selection and Data Extraction:

Relevant English-language studies and those conducted in humans were considered.

Data Synthesis:

Insulin icodec offers reduced dosing frequency and potentially superior glycemic management with a safety profile comparable to existing basal insulins.

Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice:

Insulin icodec once-weekly dosing could significantly improve convenience and efficacy over daily basal insulins, representing a significant innovation in insulin therapy.

Conclusions:

Insulin icodec emerges as a promising option for diabetes management, potentially improving treatment adherence and quality of life.
Bimekizumab-bkzx for the Treatment of Plaque Psoriasis: A Drug Review
Authors: Greer Margaret E. , Moran Shannon K. , Feldman Steven R.
Published: October 2024

Background:

Bimekizumab is a biologic targeting interleukin (IL)-17A/17F, approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in 2023.

Data Sources:

A PubMed search was performed using the keywords “bimekizumab,” “plaque psoriasis,” and “bimekizumab clinical trials,” from origin to August 1, 2024. We included phase I to III trials of bimekizumab for plaque psoriasis, studies published post-FDA approval, and information from the package insert.

Study Selection, Data Extraction:

We summarized 1 phase I, 4 phase II, and 4 phase III trials, and 3 real-world studies published post-FDA approval.

Data Synthesis:

Bimekizumab was effective; >85% and 70% of patients achieved PASI90 and PASI100, respectively, in phase III trials. Head-to-head, 85% of bimekizumab patients achieved PASI90 versus 50% of ustekinumab patients. The most frequent adverse event was oral candidiasis (4%-10%); serious adverse events were rare (<1%). Long-term studies confirmed sustained efficacy and consistent safety profile.

Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice in Comparison to Existing Drugs:

Bimekizumab was more efficacious than other IL-17 inhibitors, ustekinumab, and adalimumab. Real-world data corroborate bimekizumab’s efficacy. Bimekizumab had a safety profile like other IL-17 inhibitors, with higher rates of mucocutaneous candidiasis.

Conclusion:

Many patients who failed other IL-17 inhibitors and switched to bimekizumab experienced clearance. The efficacy of bimekizumab in patients who failed other IL-17 blockers may be attributable to bimekizumab’s ability to block multiple IL-17 isoforms. Bimekizumab also outperformed tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha inhibitors. There may be patients who fail previously available drugs, for reasons including nonadherence, antidrug antibodies, or adverse effects; bimekizumab, which targets additional cytokines, may bridge that gap.
Investigating Knowledge Gain and User Satisfaction in UAS Safety Modules: A Pilot Study
Authors: Avancha Kamala , Bradley Savannah , Iyer Hari , Becerra Stephanie , Craig Scotty
Published: October 2024

This study investigates whether the presence of relevant images or progress indicators in an online multimedia training will improve knowledge gain and satisfaction. It was hypothesized that both knowledge gain and satisfaction increase with the inclusion of images and progress indicators. A randomized pretest-posttest 2 × 2 factorial design was used to examine the impact of relevant images and progress indicators on knowledge gain and satisfaction in an online multimedia environment. Results suggested that satisfaction increased when the training had both pictures and progress indicators. On the other hand, there did not appear to be a significant difference in knowledge gain between conditions.
Evaluating the Safety and Quality of Intraoperative Anesthesia Handoffs from the Perspective of Anesthesia Providers
Authors: Zoaktafi Mojgan , Russell Michael , Bansal Ankit , Ozaltin Osman , Wooldridge Abigail R.
Published: October 2024

Handoffs, that is, care transitions, convey information, responsibility, and authority between care providers. Intraoperative handoffs, which occur during surgery either due to shift changes or breaks, are high-risk, error-prone and linked with inadequate verbal communication and documentation. We explored perspectives about safety and quality of intraoperative handoffs between anesthesia providers at an academic medical center. Through an anonymous online survey, we asked participants to share their opinions on current handoff practices including teamwork, staffing and work pace, and handoffs and information exchange. The results showed positive perceptions about teamwork, while only half of the participants were positive about staffing and work pace. We also found that opinions of participants about staffing and work pace vary based on their role. Our study emphasizes the importance of considering diverse perspectives and employing a systems-based approach to address challenges and implement effective interventions for safe, high-quality handoffs in intraoperative care.
Update on Ergonomics Standards in the United States
Authors: Orr Gary , Tschida Breca , Carcamo Ernesto , Goggins Rick , Cochran David
Published: October 2024

After two decades of dormancy, activity around ergonomics rulemaking has increased recently, primarily due to legislation passed at the state level. Several states have enacted laws addressing production quotas in warehouses and the impact they have on worker safety and health. Minnesota added an ergonomics program requirement for industries with known risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders to their safe patient handling and warehouse quota regulations in response to legislation passed in 2023. In that same year, the Washington State Legislature passed laws that resulted in a warehouse quota regulation and initiated industry-specific rulemaking efforts. This paper provides an overview of current ergonomics standards at the state level and offers a national perspective from federal OSHA.
An Operational Assessment of Team Cognition for Long-Distance Space Missions
Authors: Fiore Stephen M. , Käosaar Andres , Wiltshire Travis J.
Published: October 2024

Long-duration and long-distance space missions create a complicated context for collaboration. The combination of environmental and psychosocial factors will negatively impact individual and team cognition, potentially jeopardizing mission success. To provide a richer understanding of the issues surrounding team cognition for future space exploration missions, this paper describes an operational assessment to identify the key team cognition factors most likely to affect problem solving. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to elicit team cognitive and associated factors relevant to long-duration spaceflight missions. Ten NASA employees (e.g., astronauts, mission controllers) were interviewed to provide a more complete and accurate representation of individual and team cognitive demands. Our goal was to explicate critical cognitive processes associated with team effectiveness in space missions and provide guidance on technology and training collaborative problem solving for space missions.