bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advances in Stress Detection: A Comprehensive Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning using Multimodal Data Approaches
Authors: Journal IJSREM
Published: February 2024

Stress detection has become increasingly crucial in recent years due to its detrimental effects on physical and mental health. Machine learning and deep learning offer powerful tools for analyzing various data modalities and identifying stress-related patterns. This paper provides a comprehensive review of current research on stress detection using multimodal data and deep learning techniques. Keywords- Stress detection, machine learning, deep learning, facial expressions, speech analysis, self-reported surveys, Multimodal data, physiological signals, text analysis.
IoT with Animal Ecology- Next Smart Farming Evaluation
Authors:   Sobhasaria College, Sikar, Rajasthan, India, Soni Mr. Nitin , Saxena Dr. Vikas Bahadur ,   Sobhasaria College, Sikar, Rajasthan, India
Published: February 2024

Web of things for creatures allude to the numerous such gadgets like biochips transponders on cultivate creatures, heart checking inserts, cameras gushing live bolsters of wild creatures in coastal waters, DNA investigation gadgets for natural or pathogen checking. The fast development for IOT for creatures has made a difference in creating huge sum of valuable information required to gather and dissecting from the conduct of these creatures. The current hypothetical limits of IoT in creature biology are too talked about. In spite of the fact that IoT offers a unused course in creature ecological research, it still has to be assist investigated and created as a hypothetical framework and connected to the fitting logical systems for understanding creature environment. Key words: Animal detecting, Environmental monitoring, Internet of Things.
Legal Framework about Preconception Sex Selection in Muslim and non-Muslim Jurisdictions
Authors: Mehboob Yasir
Published: February 2024

The approval of preconception sex selection for medical purposes by prominent bodies of collective Ijtihad and Fatwa councils has not only granted legitimacy but also paved the path for its commercialization. While some scholars have advocated for permissibility of preconception sex selection for non-medical reasons, others deemed it strictly unlawful. In the meantime, the exponential expansion of IVF clinics has made this contentious utilization of technology readily available to the public. It has emerged as a contentious issue in recent medical-related legislation, within Muslim and non-Muslim jurisdictions alike. This paper explores the legal framework of sex selection legislation worldwide, with a particular focus on Muslim-majority countries. In this regard, the study delves into the legal frameworks surrounding sex selection in Pakistan, other Muslim and non-Muslim countries. The comparative resource presented here aims to assist policymakers and scholars, particularly in Muslim nations, in addressing this pressing issue by highlighting diverse approaches ranging from comprehensive bans to regulated permissions and ethical guidelines. By understanding the complexities of sex selection regulation within unique cultural and religious contexts, policymakers can develop informed strategies aligning with Islamic law, ethical considerations and societal needs.
The Role of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in Pakistan's Legal System
Authors: Jurgees S M Mudeel Raza , Suleman Sofia , Shahid Ali
Published: February 2024

This article explores the transformative role of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in Pakistan's legal system, focusing on mediation, arbitration, and conciliation. ADR proves pivotal in addressing challenges like case backlog offering efficient and accessible dispute resolution. Its cost-effectiveness and participant-driven nature make it inclusive. ADR's adaptability fosters creative solutions, particularly in family and community disputes, emphasizing relationship preservation. Despite challenges, ongoing initiatives aim to enhance awareness and overcome cultural barriers. Looking ahead, ADR's promising future in Pakistan is marked by legislative reforms and growing cultural acceptance, heralding a shift towards a more collaborative and efficient legal landscape.
Physical activity and bone mineral density in Greek women: an observational study
Authors: Sideri Konstantina , Demetriou Andriana , Stasi Sophia , Stamou Magdalini , Papathanasiou Georgios
Published: February 2024

Purpose: This observational study aimed to investigate the correlation between physical activity (PA) and bone mineral density (BMD) in Greek women. Materials - Methods: 46 women (aged >45 years) participated and grouped according to their BMD into three groups: Group A (normal BMD), Group B (osteopenia), and Group C (osteoporosis). The evaluation of PA and lower limb endurance (LLE) was carried out through the Greek version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short version (IPAQ-Gr), and 30 seconds sit-to-stand (30STS) test, respectively. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and Post-Hoc comparison (Tukey’s test) were used for the statistical analysis. The correlations between BMD and the variables: age, height, weight, body mass index, 30STS, and IPAQ-Gr were calculated using the Pearson’s r correlation coefficient. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The results showed that PA, as expressed with the IPAQ-Gr, has a weak and positive correlation to BMD (r=.209, p=.163). The best correlation, with a statistically significant difference, was weak and negative and found to be between the age and BMD (r=-.287, p=.05). Post-Hoc comparison demonstrated statistically significant differences in the 30STS between Group A (normal BMD) and Group C (osteoporosis) (p=.01). Conclusions: As expected, BMD was found to be age-related, while statistically significant was the difference between LLE of women with normal BMD in relation to osteoporotic women. PA seemed to have a positive effect on BMD, although no statistically significant difference was found. However, further research needs to be conducted with larger sample size to investigate the relationship between physical activity and BMD. keywords : physical activity, bone mineral density, quantitative ultrasound, Greek version of international physical activity questionnaire-short version, 30 seconds sit-to-stand test
The MESP and the postmodern rustic ideology of the ultra-right
Authors: Dantas Diego Fonseca
Published: February 2024

The theme of this essay is the relationship ideology and education, and as a concrete object of support for this relationship, makes a critical review about the Movement Without Party School (MESP). Created in 2004 by the lawyer Miguel Urbano Nagib, the MESP is presented on social networks as "a joint initiative of students and parents concerned with the degree of political-ideological contamination of Brazilian schools, at all levels: from basic to higher education". The movement was created against the background of the political situation in the country, when a center-left party had come to executive power. It develops the idea that although the Tabaréo leadership of the Movimento Escola Sem Partido (Movement School Without Party) emerges as the main disseminator of anti-intellectual irrationalism in the country, on the hegemonic political-ideological plane its presence is equivalent to the actions guided by the cynical moralism of theologians-businessmen, organic journalists and astrologers-gurus to present as absolute truths anti-scientific nonsense, such as creationism and earth moving, in social networks and in traditional media. He considers that the influence and ideological penetration in the society of both are smaller than that of the financial-rentist educational conglomerates like Lemann, Ayrton Senna, Abril, Pythagoras/Kroton/Cogma, among others.
The Determinant of Demand and Supply to Increase Tourism Visit Sustainably by Using Principal Component Regression Analysis
Authors: Murniati  , Maski Ghozali , Noor Iswan , Ekawaty Marlina
Published: February 2024

Objectives: This research is entitled Determinants of Demand and Supply to Increase Visits in a Sustainable Way Using Principal Component Regression Analysis. Tourism is important where Malang Regency has attractive natural resource potential, and a very strategic geographical location surrounding two cities, namely Malang City and Batu City, surrounded by western and southern routes, and has an interesting culture so that tourism development is different. from the other. Visits of tourists, especially foreign tourists who have been unstable in the last two years have decreased. Limited use of technology in management and development.

 

Method: Research data collection technique with a quantitative descriptive method with the Principal Component Regression Analysis tool. Meanwhile, supply tourism has a very high appeal, such as an attractive tourist attraction.

 

Results: Based on the aspect of accessibility, they tend to have important infrastructure and access but have not been managed optimally, besides that there are still many traditional promotions and management that have caused tourist visits to be not optimal and the quality of human resources still needs to be improved.

 

Conclusions: Based on the research results, it is known that in terms of tourism supply, the biggest factors influencing tourist attractions are attractions and amenities. Meanwhile, from the tourism demand side, these are preference and motivation factors which are influenced by changes in consumer behavior. The results of this study are expected to be input in developing tourism in Malang Regency which can increase tourist visits thereby increasing economic growth and sustainable community welfare.
THE CROSS-CULTURAL SENSITIVITY OF IISMA AWARDEES: A NARRATIVE INQUIRY
Authors: Aziez Feisal , Aziez Shinta , Neman Meily Ivane Esther , Pandean Mariam Lidia Mytty , Nawaallangit Nidy Nauradhiyalevi
Published: February 2024

Objective: This research aims to understand the influence of the Indonesian International Student Mobility Award (IISMA) program on the cross-cultural sensitivity of ITS scholarship recipients based on their experiences and stories during the program.   Method: The research design for this study is narrative inquiry. Five scholarship recipients at a university in Madrid were asked to narrate their experiences through semi-structured interviews. The emerging themes indicate the extent to which the IISMA program, both directly (through mandatory program activities) and indirectly, influences the cross-cultural sensitivity of the awardees. Themes identified include language and culture, attitudes of openness and willingness to listen to others, cross-cultural exchange, empathy in understanding others' perspectives, and adopting new habits.   Results: The findings indicate that the IISMA program has a significant impact on the cross-cultural sensitivity of its scholarship recipients. Participants are directly exposed to various cultures in Spain and actively engage with these cultures. Additionally, the IISMA program encourages participants to promote Indonesian culture internationally through mandatory challenges and other assigned tasks.   Conclusions: The research provides insights into how the IISMA program influences cultural integration, attitudes toward others, intellectual interactions, empathy, and behavioral adaptation among the scholarship recipients. This study highlights the importance of international cultural exchange programs in enhancing understanding and cross-cultural sensitivity among participants.
LAND ACQUISITION PLAN AS OBJECT OF DISPUTE IN STATE ADMINISTRATION CASE
Authors: Muttaqin Elfran Bima , Halim Hamzah , Ilmar Aminuddin , Ilyas Anshori
Published: February 2024

Objective: This study aims to determine the realization of a land acquisition plan as an object of state administrative disputes.
 
Method: The research method used is a juridical normative research method, researchers conduct research using data in the form of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials.
 
Results and Conclusions:  The results of the study found that the land acquisition plan in the form of determining the location of land acquisition for development for public interest as the object of state administrative disputes, is the result of state administrative decisions that are considered to have the potential to harm the rights and interests of a person or civil law entity or customary law community whose land is targeted for land acquisition so that the party who feels disadvantaged file a lawsuit with the government agency or official that has issued the decision.
The application of piezoelectric materials to convert kinetic energy into electrical energy
Authors: Jureczko M. , Filas J. , Mrówka M.
Published: February 2024

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Development of a textronic heating system using machine em-broidery technique for people with Raynaud's disease
Authors: Skrzetuska E. , Kaniewska M.
Published: February 2024

x
The effect of mouthwashes on changes in the aesthetic properties of dental nanocomposite
Authors: Chladek G.
Published: February 2024

x
Acousto- and acousto-optic effects in liquid crystals: An overview
Authors: George Abraham
Published: February 2024

An overview of the following three aspects of the acoustical and related optical behavior of liquid crystals, namely i) ultrasonic studies, ii) acousto-optical effects, and iii) surface wave induced optical effects have been discussed. The temperature dependent ultrasound velocity has been used for the evaluation of the adiabatic compressibility (kS) and the acoustic impedance (Z). A correlation between thermodynamic functions and thermo-elastic properties facilitated the evaluation of the specific heat at constant volume (CV), the ratio of specific heats (g) and the isothermal compressibility (kT) across liquid crystal-isotropic phase transition. Acousto-optical effect in liquid crystals has been described in terms of molecular reorientation related to flows and turbulences due to acoustic vibration and radiation pressure in the medium. One important aspect of the acousto-optical effects is the surface wave induced optical effects. The change in transparency of a normal layer of liquid crystal under crossed polarizers are discussed which is interpreted as a consequence of the rotation of the optic axis. In addition, the acoustic emission occurring from homeotropically-aligned liquid crystals irradiated by surface acoustic waves are also discussed.
FAKTOR PENDORONG ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN KAKAO MENJADI KELAPA SAWIT DI DESA LEMBAH SUBUR KECAMATAN DANGIA KABUPATEN KOLAKA TIMUR
Authors: Pinandito Kukuh Prio , Wunawarsih Ima Astuty , Arimbawa Putu
Published: February 2024

The conversion of agricultural land is one of the phenomena that occurs quite often at present in the use of land. This is in accordance with economic principles, namely that activities that are considered unproductive and unprofitable are always quickly replaced by other activities that are more productive and profitable. This research aims to determine the driving factors and typology of the conversion of cocoa plantations into palm oil plantations in the Subur Valley Village. Purposive determination of research location. The population in this research is cocoa farmers who convert agricultural land into palm oil plantations in the village of iSur Valley, totaling 27 people using census techniques. The data analysis used is Multiple Logistic Regression, and Descriptive Analysis. The results of the research show that economic factors and social factors have an influence on the farmer's decision to transfer the agricultural function of Cocoa to Palm Oil. Meanwhile, technical factors do not influence the farmer's decision to transfer the agricultural function of Cocoa to Palm Oil. The typology of land use conversion from cocoa to palm oil palm plantations in Lembah Subur Village is divided into three types, namely Gradual land use change with a Sporadic pattern, Systematic land use change over an Enclave pattern, and a combination of Gradual land use using a Sporadic pattern and Systematic land use using an Enclave pattern.
STRATEGI PEMASARAN BERAS DAN DAMPAK SOSIAL EKONOMI TERHADAP PEDAGANG PENGEPUL DI DESA BENTE KECAMATAN KABAWO KABUPATEN MUNA
Authors: Haerun Andi Samsudin , Nalefo La , Arif La Ode Kasno
Published: February 2024

The objective of this study is to analyze the marketing strategy of rice and its impact on the socio-economic status of collecting traders in Bente Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency. The population of the study consisted of 9 members of the Bangkit Jaya Farmer Group, who are rice producers, and the sample was selected using the census sampling technique. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation using media or interview guide instruments. The study employed a descriptive qualitative analysis method, which involved three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings revealed that the Bangkit Jaya Farmer Group's sales partner strategy for rice involves price cuts and no delivery fees. The brand strategy focuses on rice with special characteristics, using local rice as raw material. The applied price strategy involves reducing the price of rice sales with partners for every purchase of approximately 1 ton. Rice marketing has a significant impact on the socioeconomic conditions of members of the Bangkit Jaya Farmer Group and their families, including education, health, income, and asset ownership.
PERAN PENYULUH PERTANIAN MELALUI ADOPSI TEKNOLOGI DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR PRODUKSI USAHATANI PADI SAWAH DI DESA LAMOERI KECAMATAN ANGATA KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN
Authors: Hefbron Hefbron , Rianse Usman , Abdullah Sukmawati
Published: February 2024

The objective of this study is to determine the impact of agricultural extension workers on technology adoption and production factors in enhancing wet-rice farming in Lamoeri Village, Angata Subdistrict, South Konawe Regency. The study population consists of 180 registered rice paddy farmers who are members of 10 farmer groups affiliated with the Agricultural Extension Center (BPP). The study sample consisted of 36 individuals, which represents 20% of the population. The sampling method used was simple random sampling. Data was collected through interviews and documentation using questionnaires as instruments. The data was analyzed quantitatively using the class interval formula. The study found that agricultural extension officers in Lamoeri Village played a positive role in assisting rice paddy farmers. Their roles included facilitating, communicating, motivating, and consulting. The study also revealed that the adoption of innovations in rice paddy cultivation technology was generally successful. Extension workers have optimally carried out the stages of adoption of interest, evaluation, trial, and adoption. However, their role in the awareness stage needs improvement. The production process of paddy rice farming is influenced by natural factors, labor, facilities and infrastructure, and expertise factors. Therefore, it is crucial to always consider and prioritize these factors in order to increase farm productivity.
Determinants of Audit Fees in Nigerian Consumer Goods Sector
Authors: Tonye Ogiriki , Erebi Mathew Gospel
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to assess the determinants of audit fees among consumer goods companies publicly listed on the floor of the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX). Secondary data of firm size, age and profitability (independent variables), and audit fee (dependent variable) from the chosen consumer goods firms in Nigeria's annual reports and accounts from 2012-2022. “Descriptive statistics (mean, median, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, and Karl Pearson correlation); diagnostic statistics (variance inflation factor, Breusch Pagan-Cook test for heteroskedasticity, Ramsey RESET test); and inferential statistics (Chi square test, Fisher's exact test, and t-test) were used to analyse the data;” and principal component analysis) and inferential statistics (ordinary least square). Generally, the results showed that firm size and profitability are the measure determinants of audit fees while firm age do not determines audit fees. It is therefore it was recommended that consumer goods companies need to enhance the size and profitability (return on assets).
Oil Price Shock and Trade Balance in Nigeria
Authors: Ozigbu Johnbosco Chukwuma
Published: February 2024

This study used the Brent crude oil price to examine whether the variability in the trade balance of Nigeria is linked to the fluctuation in oil price.To achieve this, the study used annual frequency data from 1981 to 2021 sourced from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the World Bank’s World Development Indicator (WDI), and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin. The bound test procedure to cointegration was adopted and the nexus between oil shock and trade balance was examined within the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) framework. Additionally, the augmented Dickey-Fuller approach to unit root was used in determining the degree of integration of the series. Certain findings were made from the analyses. First, the study confirmed that there is long-run relationship among the variables. Second, oil price hikes lead to a surplus trade balance in the long run, but only insignificantly. Contrariwise, the positive impact of oil price hikes on the trade balance in the short run was significant. Third, the study found that inflation had an insignificant positive effect on the trade balance. Fourth, the estimation revealed that an increase in real effective exchange rate and trade openness is insignificant and lead to a deficit trade balance in the long run. The study recommends that domestic oil shocks in the form of low oil production should be mitigated by addressing the security challenges in the country.
Corporate Governance and Financial Performance of Listed Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Segun Olorunlero Solomon
Published: February 2024

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of corporate governance practices on the financial performance of listed companies in Nigeria. The study encompassed three industries: manufacturing, finance, and oil and gas, spanning the years 2010 to 2020. Employing a content analysis approach, data were collected from corporate websites and the Securities and Exchange Commission website. A total of 33 businesses were selected for the study. The study's analysis revealed that a majority of the corporations disclosed the majority of their corporate governance policies. Notably, the banking industry exhibited the highest level of corporate governance disclosure compared to other sectors. This implies that a company's decision to publish its corporate governance information online in Nigeria might be influenced by the regulatory environment of the sector. However, intriguingly, the research did not establish a correlation between a company's corporate governance score and its financial performance. Nevertheless, there was notable variation in the extent of corporate governance reporting across different sectors. In light of these findings, the report recommends that the Securities and Exchange Commission's code of best practices should be made obligatory for all industries in Nigeria. Furthermore, the establishment of a compliance team is advised to ensure that businesses across all sectors in Nigeria adhere to the regulatory mandates outlined in the code of corporate governance.
Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and Firm Financial Performance
Authors: IZEVBEKHAI Monday Olade , MANSUR Momodu Zuriat
Published: February 2024

This study examines corporate social responsibility disclosure and firm financial performance. The secondary source of data collection was adopted in the study. The purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample size of twelve (12) listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. Ordinary Least Square regression analysis was used in this study. The findings revealed that employee relation disclosure has no significant effect on the firm performance of listed deposit- taking banks in Nigeria and that local community relation disclosure has a substantial impact on the strong financial performance of listed deposit-taking banks in Nigeria. The study concluded that corporate social responsibility activities have become the optimum solution to integrate moral principles in the banking world, which suggests that it is an increasingly important issue and has seen greater integration in the business world. The study recommended, among others, that more funds should be allocated for social donations and giftings to further drive the relevance and rationale of corporate social responsibility and that while corporate social responsibility is extended to the community at large, employees of banks should not be left behind as deliberate incentives should be provided periodically.
Exploring Artificial Intelligence for Supply Chain Resilience and Organization Performance in Developing Country: A Case of Nigeria
Authors: Helen Dede Chinyere , Elejie Abue Regina , Iyeumbe Ogar Joy , Godwin Umoh Godwin , Ochang Echadu Melford , Etim Bassey Prince
Published: February 2024

Increase in complexity, the development of economic changes and the globalization of
Artificial Intelligence in Marketing: Whither Nigeria!
Authors: Ewanlen Donald Ozemenbhoya , Asaolu Olalekan Adebowale
Published: February 2024

Marketing literature classify artificial intelligence and Internet of Things as disruptive technologies. These technologies considered as providers of digital solutions facilitate the attraction and maintenance of customers. Present day realities indicate that artificial intelligence enabled devises are prevalent in corporations. This paper sought to examine the influence of artificial intelligence on marketing practice in Nigeria. Specifically, objectives of this study is to examine the roles of artificial intelligence in marketing and to ascertain the level of Nigeria’s preparedness for artificial intelligence intervention in marketing practice. The study adopted the desk research method that entail a review of extant literature.
Assessing the Role of Poverty and Electoral Vices on Nigeria’s 2023 General Elections and the Development of Democracy
Authors: OLADIRAN Oladapo Tunde , AFOLARANMI Adebayo Ola
Published: February 2024

Poverty is a pervading unpleasant socioeconomic problem that humans and societies dread. Poverty is upsetting in many ways. This paper assesses the link between poverty, electoral vices, and public governance in Nigeria, using the 2023 General elections as a case study. The paper affirms the link between poverty, and electoral vices such as financial inducement at elections and consequently democracy development This vacuum has led to the emergence of further societal disorder such as widening inequality, apathy, government-people distrust, and deepening marginalisation. The methodology adopted is largely secondary data analysis of published and unpublished materials such as books, journals, government gazettes, and newspapers. John Dollard’s Frustration-Aggression Theory as a peace and conflict concept is adopted. This research finds out that the Nigerian state ultimately becomes diminished in quality governance and development, but this is not without remedy as proactive measures can be appropriately adopted by all levels of the government, especially the national. The research recommends governmental effectiveness and transformative living standards using specific and focused government policies in addressing these maladies so as to bring about development in Nigeria.
Reducing Poverty and Promoting Sustainable Development in Nigeria: An Examination of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Authors: David Nnordee Bariagara King , Neeka Wifa Wisdom
Published: February 2024

Poverty remains a prevalent issue, primarily concentrated in rural area and tied to various well- known impediments such as government shortcomings, deprivation, inflation, and disease. Poverty continues to be a pervasive and critical challenge faced by diverse economics worldwide. This paper investigates the Impact of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on Poverty Reduction and Sustainable Development in Nigeria. The specific Objectives of this study include assessing the potential of (SUGs) In Nigeria, evaluating the SDGs performance in poverty reduction, examining the obstacles hindering SDG performance in poverty reduction and sustainable development in Nigeria, and proposing measures to fortify SDGs impact on poverty reduction and sustainable development. The finding indicates that the activities associated with the SDGs have not made significant strides in diminishing poverty or advancing sustainable development in Nigeria. The study concludes that the Nigerian government has not exerted sufficient effort to meet the targets outlined in the SDGs policy document in the country. Consequently, the study recommends that governments at all levels prioritize through and rural development in Nigeria.
Use of the daily FAST HUG mnemonic technique in the care of patients in critical care units, a systematic review
Authors: Acosta Karla , Velasco Evelin
Published: February 2024

Introduction: care in intensive care units (ICU) is complex, requiring the collaboration of a multidisciplinary health team. Despite the existence of protocols, gaps in care persist. The FAST HUG mnemonic, a checklist to remember key aspects in the care of critically ill patients, has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing variability and improving compliance with care standards. Methods: a systematic review of the literature was carried out following the PRISMA guideline for answer the question about the benefits of the FAST HUG mnemonic in ICU patients. Databases such as PubMed were searched for articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese published between 2019-2023. The selection was made by reviewing titles, abstracts and complete reading applying the criteria. Results: a total of 16 articles were included in the review. It was found that the FAST HUG mnemonic has had various modifications such as FAST HUGS BID and FAST HUGS COVID to suit specific needs. Its implementation as a routine checklist in intensive care units improves the quality of care for critically ill patients, preventing possible complications. However, adequate training of health personnel is required, given that several studies revealed insufficient knowledge about its correct use in nursing personnel. Conclusions: there is growing support for the potential benefits of the FAST HUG mnemonic in care. of critically ill patients, but with significant variability in its application and knowledge among health professionals
Biomarkers of oxidative stress in antioxidant therapy
Authors: Mañon Rossi Wilfredo , Garrido Gabino , Núñez Sellés Alberto J.
Published: February 2024

Biomarkers are used regularly in medical practice to provide objective markers of health status of a person, as well as the physiological response of the body to a pharmacological therapeutic intervention. In the specific case of the use of antioxidant products (antioxidant therapy), it is necessary to measure both biomarkers of oxidative stress level of the person as those that are specific to a physiological or pathological progression of a disease disorder. This paper describes the main biomarkers of oxidative general and specific stress as well as laboratory techniques, which should be taken into account when measuring the effectiveness of antioxidant therapies.
Rhizophora mangle L. (red mangrove): A species with potential therapeutic uses
Authors: Regalado Ada I. , Sánchez Luz M. , Mancebo Betty
Published: February 2024

Check the properties attributed to medicinal plants is of vital importance as an alternative in the medical therapy and as a source of development of new drugs. Medicinal plants offer a path with great possibilities, an encouraging alternative for the control of various diseases in man. Mangroves are a resource of great significance for Cuba and the world, mangrove vegetation is represented in this country for four tree species, where Rhizophora mangle L. also known as red mangrove, is now the dominant species. Due to the pharmacological results found in this species as healing, antiseptic, antimicrobial, anti-ulcer, treatment of open wounds, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiarrheal, insecticide, larvicide among others; it could be an important source of new products aimed at solving health problems of great current relevance, but using this species for drug development has been limited by the damage it can cause to the ecosystem over-exploitation of mangroves. The objective of this scientific review is to show the benefits and therapeutic potential of R. mangle from a review of existing information and the main results in the researches on this species.
Phytochemical screening and evaluation of the central nervous system activity of the ethanolic extract of Eugenia clarensis Britton & P.Wilson
Authors: Nguyen Nghia TM. , Vicet-Muro Liliana , Siverio-Mota Dany , Jorge-Rodriguez Maria E. , González-Mosquera Dulce M. , Castañeda-Noa Idelfonso
Published: February 2024

Context: Eugenia clarensis Britton & P. Wilson is an endangered plant endemic of central region of Cuba. Aims: To perform phytochemical profile of ethanolic leaf extract of E. clarensis and evaluate its central nervous system (CNS) activity. Methods: The dried powder of leaves of E. clarensis was exhaustively extracted with ethanol by maceration. This extract underwent preliminary phytochemical analysis and these results were corroborated by the thin layer chromatographic technique. CNS effects were investigated in NMRI mice at doses 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg using Irwin test, curiosity tests and traction. Results: Phytochemical screening suggested the presence of phenols, tannins, triterpenoids, sterols, flavonoids, coumarins, quinones, resins and reducing sugar. The oral administration of this extract, in Irwin test, produced slight reduction in spontaneous motor activity and muscle tone in mice at doses of 400 and 800 mg/kg, moreover, it exhibited diuretic activity. In addiction this extract at dose 800 mg/kg decreased number of times which mice introduced its head into holes in comparison with the negative control. In the traction test, the mice treated with the extract showed a non-significant failure in traction at all doses tested. Conclusions: These findings indicate that the extract in higher doses has exerts a weak sedative and non-effect about the motor coordination. The results obtained in the preliminary phytochemical testing thus suggest that the ethanolic leaf extract of E. clarensis contains some metabolites, which may be responsible of sedative action.
Selective cytotoxic effect of 1-O-undecylglycerol in human melanoma cells
Authors: Hernández-Colina Marian , Martín Cermeño Alberto , Díaz García Alexis
Published: February 2024

Context: 1-O-alkylglycerols are ether-linked glycerols derived from shark liver oil and found in small amounts in human milk. Previous studies showed antineoplastic activity for this family of compounds, structurally related to alkylphospholipids, but the activity of linear chain synthetic alkylglycerols in cancer cell lines is less documented. Melanoma is a high incidence cancer, highly resistant to potential treatments. Finding new anti-cancer compounds to improve melanoma prognosis is a relevant research issue. Aims: To study the cytotoxic effect of 1-O-undecylglycerol in primary cultured normal fibroblasts and A375 human melanoma cell line. Methods: Cells were treated with different concentrations of 1-O-undecylglycerol and viability assessed by MTT assay. Morphological changes were visualized by DAPI and acridine orange-ethidium bromide staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated, and gene expression of P53 and BcL-2 was semi-quantified. Results: 1-O-undecylglycerol decreased viability of A375 cells and exerted very low cytotoxicity on primary cultured normal fibroblasts. Necrosis appeared in A375 cells but not in fibroblasts, and no apoptotic changes were visualized in DAPI staining experiments. After 24 h fibroblasts and melanoma cells developed mitochondrial potential changes similar to valinomycin. The gene expression of P53 and BcL-2 decreased in treated cells. Conclusions: 1-O-undecylglycerol exhibited selective cytotoxic activity in A375 melanoma cells when compared with primary cultured fibroblast. Its toxicity is mediated by necrosis that may be related with mitochondrial events and decrease in P53 and BcL-2 expression. The results suggest that UDG could be a useful strategy to combine with other chemotherapeutic agents in melanoma treatment.
Wound healing and antioxidant capacity of Musa paradisiaca Linn. peel extracts
Authors: Padilla-Camberos Eduardo , Flores-Fernández José M. , Canales-Aguirre Alejandro A. , Barragán-Álvarez Carla P. , Gutiérrez-Mercado Yanet , Lugo-Cervantes Eugenia
Published: February 2024

Context: Musa paradisiaca has several biological activities within them wound healing, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, antioxidant, among others. However, these properties in peel have been poorly explored. Aims: Evaluate the wound healing activity induced by an incision wound model using methanolic, hexanoic and chloroformic extracts from M. paradisiaca peel. Methods: Dehydrated M. paradisíaca peel was mixed with methanol, hexane, and chloroform. The presence of bioactive substances of the M. paradisiaca peel extracts was carried out by the Trease and Evans methods. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Acute toxicity was realized according to up and down OECD procedure in BALB/c mice. Wound healing activity was evaluated in male Wistar rats. Histological analyses of tissues were made by microscopy using staining methods of hematoxylin and eosin and Masson-trichrome. Results: Treated groups with methanolic and hexanoic extracts of M. paradisiaca peel showed better wound healing activity in comparison with the group treated with chloroformic extract, with an inhibition of DPPH radical bleaching of 89-90%. It may be due to the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins and phenols as principal constituents by conferring antioxidant capacity. The extract did not induce any toxicity. Conclusions: The findings showed the wound healing and antioxidant capacity of M. paradisiaca peel extract. It was observed that depending on the extraction solvent; there is a variation in the antioxidant capacity that also affects the effectiveness of the restoration of tissue, suggesting that the antioxidant capacity could play a major role in the process of wound healing.
Traditional uses of medicinal plants at Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Chaves Douglas S.A. , Siqueira Rosiane C.S. , Souza Lidiane M. , Sanches Mirza N.G. , dos Santos André M. , Riger Cristiano J.
Published: February 2024

Context: This work had as outcome to deal with the part of the population of Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro those who use the public health system and use alternative medicinal plants for the treatment of illness. Aims: To evaluate the potential medicinal uses of local plants traditionally used in curing/treatment different diseases and illnesses, and contribute as a therapeutic option in the public health system of municipality. Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire was used to measure independent variables and issues related to the consumption of medicinal plants, based on field surveys and direct face to face communication. It was calculated the relative importance index (RI) of the medicinal plants used in the community as the number of users that mentioned them and the agreement use. Results: Seventy-three plants (44 families) were cited by the population. Species with the highest number of citations (50%) were boldo, lemon grass, gorse, lemon balm, breaks stone and air plant, and the leaves over part used in medicinal preparations; it was the tea as the main form of use from the fresh plant. Conclusions: The data suggest that the use of medicinal plants remains an important therapy and wanted by the population, and this would be integrating the knowledge of the practices of traditional medicine to scientific knowledge of these species, replacing the empirical use to the correct use, ensuring secure access to the population. This study is the first ethnopharmacological report in Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro.
Nephroprotective role of alcoholic extract of Pterocarpus marsupium heartwood against experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Sharma Preeti , Shanno Kumari , Jain Vivek , Pareek Ashutosh , Agarwal Priyanka , Singh Randhir , Sharma Veena
Published: February 2024

Context: Heartwood of Pterocarpus marsupium has been widely reported for its effect on diabetes clinical or preclinically. However, role in diabetic complications is yet to be revealed. Aims: To investigate the effect of alcoholic extract of the heartwood of Pterocarpus marsupiumin experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. Methods: The streptozotocin (STZ) 55 mg/kg, i.p., once daily induced diabetes in Sprague-Dawley rats. These animals were treated orally with alcoholic extract of P. marsupium (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) or glimepiride (10 mg/kg) for 60 days. Body weight, blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1c), biochemical markers of renal function were estimated on day 30 and at the end of study (day 60). Kidney weight measurement, oxidative stress markers such as lipid peroxidation (TBARS), catalase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione were estimated in kidney tissues, and histopathological evaluation was carried out at the end of study period. Results: The administration of an alcoholic extract of P. marsupium showed a decrease in blood glucose, HBA1c, kidney weight, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, serum uric acid, urea, urine volume, urine albumin and the level of TBARS. While the increase in urine creatinine, the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione were observed when compared to the diabetic control group. This effect was observed significantly at the highest dose of the plant extract. The histopathological study also confirmed that alcoholic extract prevented structural kidney damage. Conclusions: These results suggest that the alcoholic extract of P. marsupium has renoprotective effects against STZ induced diabetic nephropathy.
Antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (Myrtaceae) leaves
Authors: Contreras-Moreno Billmary Z. , Velasco Judith J. , Rojas Janne del C. , Méndez Lucero del C. , Celis María T.
Published: February 2024

Context: Essential oils represent a therapeutic alternative in natural products against pathogenic bacteria that have become resistant to antibiotics and threaten public health and individual health of patients. Aims: To determine the antimicrobial activity of two essential oils of different densities, obtained by hydrodistillation of Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa fresh leaves collected from Táchira, Venezuela against different multirresistant bacterial strains of nosocomial origin. Methods: Disc diffusion agar method was carried out against seven reference strains: Candida albicans (CDC-B385), Candida krusei (ATCC 6258), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 23357), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and three different bacterial strains of nosocomial origin: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae. Results: The essential oils of Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa inhibited the development of all microorganisms tested with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 20 to 400 μL/mL. Conclusions: This is the first report concerning antimicrobial activity of essential oils obtained from Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa collected from Táchira, Venezuela with different densities. Furthermore, results showed the essential oils of this species might be an alternative as antimicrobial agent for the pharmaceutical industry.
Drug interactions in HIV patients treated in a high complexity hospital of Antofagasta city
Authors: Araya Patricio R. , Zambra Criss V. , Castillo Yoselyn M. , Usedo Pedro P. , Salvador Francisco L. , González Francisco J.
Published: February 2024

Context: From the beginning of the global HIV epidemic there has been a great concern about drug interactions (DI) considering that up to 27% of all patients may be affected by at least one type of DI, this risk increases by receiving concomitant treatments. This DI leads to negative consequences such as adverse drug reactions (ADR), lack of treatment adherence and new hospital admissions. Aims: To determine the prevalence of DI of antiretroviral drugs and their clinical consequences in UNACESS-VIH-SIDA patients of Hospital Regional de Antofagasta. Methods: The study included a total of 100 HIV patients. To identify DI, Micromedex database was used. All data were gathered in a pharmaceutical datasheet, the theoretical DI were identified and real DI were detected by using hematologic tests and the patient’s clinical evolution. After the detection of any real DI, a pharmaceutical intervention took place. Results: A total of 106 DI were detected; 86% of DI found were related to drug’s pharmacokinetic properties, which were mostly metabolism related interactions (96.9%); the most commonly found associations were atazanavir with ritonavir, efavirenz with atorvastatin and efavirenz with gemfibrozil. The main clinical consequences associated with DI were ADR (49%). Conclusions: High prevalence of metabolism related interactions was found and the antiretroviral drugs mostly associated with DI were found to be atazanavir, ritonavir y efavirenz. A high prevalence of ADR was found; however, they were mild or moderate.
2,3-Butanedione monoxime attenuates the β-adrenergic response of the L-type Ca2+ current in rat ventricular cardiomyocytes
Authors: Alvarez-Collazo Julio , López-Medina Ana Iris , Galán-Martínez Loipa , Alvarez Julio L.
Published: February 2024

Context: 2,3-Butanedione monoxime (BDM), an uncoupler of cardiac contraction, is commonly used in enzymatic dissociations to prevent hypercontraction of cardiomyocytes and in cardioplegic solutions to decrease oxygen demand during surgery. However, BDM affects multiple cellular systems including the L-type Ca2+ current (ICaL). If its phosphatase activity is the mechanism underlying the decrease ICaL in cardiomyocytes is a still unresolved question. Aims: To study the effects of BDM on ICaL of rat ventricular cardiomyocytes focusing our attention on the response of ICaL to β-adrenergic stimulation. Methods: The whole-cell patch-clamp method was used to study ICaL in enzymatically dissociated rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. Results: Extracellular BDM (5 mM) decreased peak ICaL by ≈45%, slowed its fast inactivation but accelerated its slow inactivation. Cardiomyocytes incubated in BDM (≥ 30 min; 5 mM) perfused with normal extracellular solution, showed normal ICaL properties. However, extracellular BDM (in cardiomyocytes incubated in BDM or not) markedly reduced the response of ICaL to isoproterenol (1 µM). BDM also strongly attenuated the increase of ICaL in cardiomyocytes intracellularly perfused with cyclic AMP (50 µM). Conclusions: The decrease of basal ICaL by BDM is not related to its dephosphorylation action. Its effect on the Ca2+ channel occurs most probably in a site in the extracellular side or within the sarcolemmal membrane. Due to its phosphatase action, BDM strongly attenuates the response of ICaL to β-adrenergic stimulation. These actions of BDM must be taken into account both for its use in the dissociation of cardiomyocytes and in cardioplegic solutions and myocardial preservation.