bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound Guided Alcohol Ablation of Morton's Neuroma
Authors: Musson Rachel E. , Sawhney Jasdev S. , Lamb Leslie , Wilkinson Antony , Obaid Haron
Published: July 2012

Background: Morton's neuroma is a common cause of metatarsalgia. This study evaluated the efficacy of ultrasound guided alcohol injection as a treatment for this condition. Method: Data from 87 treatment courses were included in this study with a mean follow of 14.3 months. Results: Technical success was 100%. One patient developed symptoms consistent with an allergic reaction to the injection and one patient declined further injection because of periprocedural pain. Partial or total treatment response was achieved in 66%, with 32% of patients having complete resolution of pain. The median visual analogue score (VAS) decreased from 8 pre-procedure to 4 post-procedure ( p < 0.0001). Procedural success was greater in patients under 55 years old and in those with solitary neuromas. Seventeen patients (20%) went on to have surgery due to continuing pain. Conclusion: Ultrasound guided alcohol ablation for the treatment of Morton's neuroma was a safe procedure that significantly reduced pain and may offer an alternative therapy to surgery.

Level of Evidence: IV; Retrospective Case Series
Continuous Popliteal Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Gallardo Jorge , Lagos Leonardo , Bastias Christian , Henríquez Hugo , Carcuro Giovanni , Paleo Marcos
Published: July 2012

Background: Total ankle arthroplasty is associated with severe postoperative pain. Development of analgesic techniques such as a block with continuous infusion at the popliteal level has been shown to result in good pain control, a decrease in the use of rescue analgesia and a low rate of complications. We reviewed our experience with this method of analgesia in patients who underwent total ankle arthroplasty. Methods: A prospective study of 30 patients undergoing total ankle arthroplasty was carried out. Twenty-two of these received and maintained a block at the popliteal level with a continuous infusion of bupivacaine, while the remaining eight received no such block. Results: The visual analog scale evaluation (VAS) showed a significant improvement in pain control in the group with the popliteal block after 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours postsurgery, with pain levels peaking and being most different between 6 and 12 hours postsurgery for the two groups. The group with the popliteal block also exhibited a significantly lower consumption of morphine and a greater degree of patient satisfaction. Conclusion: The block with continuous infusion at the popliteal fossa was a safe technique for total ankle arthroplasty postoperative analgesia, which provided good pain control, a lower requirement of opiates and a higher level of patient satisfaction.

Level of Evidence: II; Prospective Comparative Study
Recognition and Management of Müller-Weiss Disease
Authors: Doyle Timothy , Napier Richard J. , Wong-Chung John
Published: July 2012

Background: Müller-Weiss disease (MWD) is an uncommon condition of unclear etiology, characterized by compression of the lateral aspect of the tarsal navicular bone. It presents with chronic mid and hindfoot pain, mostly in middle-aged females. It does not represent persistence of Kohler's disease, which is self-limiting and resolves completely in childhood. Methods A total of 12 patients with 19 affected feet, seven of whom had bilateral involvement, presented to a single foot and ankle surgeon over a 10-year period. Diagnosis of MWD was based on radiographic appearances demonstrating compression of the lateral part of the navicular. Affected feet were graded using Maceira classification. Results The cohort comprised four males and eight females with a mean age of 57.9 years. Only one patient had previously been a manual worker. Mean duration of symptoms was 5.2 years. Of the seven patients who underwent surgery for symptoms related to MWD, five had a triple arthrodesis, one had triple arthrodesis combined with naviculocuneiform fusion, and one had a pantalar arthrodesis for associated varus ankle osteoarthritis. Solid union was achieved in all cases. Conclusion We propose that MWD is much more common than previously reported and did not find conditions of extreme environmental stress or poverty in our patients. We advocate surgical management of the condition by triple arthrodesis and extend it to include a naviculocuneiform fusion whenever indicated according to CT findings.

Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series
Comparative Gait Analysis of Ankle Arthrodesis and Arthroplasty: Initial Findings of a Prospective Study
Authors: Hahn Michael E. , Wright Elise S. , Segal Ava D. , Orendurff Michael S. , Ledoux William R. , Sangeorzan Bruce J.
Published: July 2012

Background: Little is known about functional outcomes of ankle arthroplasty compared with arthrodesis. This study compared pre-surgical and post-surgical gait measures in both patient groups. Methods Eighteen patients with end-stage ankle arthritis participated in an ongoing longitudinal study (pre-surgery, 12 months post-surgery) involving gait analysis, assessment of pain and physical function. Outcome measures included temporal-distance, kinematic and kinetic data, the Short Form 36 (SF-36) body pain score, and average daily step count. A mixed effects linear model was used to detect effects of surgical group (arthrodesis and arthroplasty, n = 9 each) with walking speed as a covariate (α = 0.05). Results Both groups were similar in demographics and anthropometrics. Followup time was the same for each group. There were no complications in either group. Pain decreased ( p < 0.001) and gait function improved (gait velocity, p = 0.02; stride length, p = 0.035) in both groups. Neither group increased average daily step count. Joint range of motion (ROM) differences were observed between groups after surgery (increased hip ROM in arthrodesis, p = 0.001; increased ankle ROM in arthroplasty, p = 0.036). Peak plantar flexor moment increased in arthrodesis patients and decreased in arthroplasty patients ( p = 0.042). Conclusion Initial findings of this ongoing clinical study indicate pain reduction and improved gait function 12 months after surgery for both treatments. Arthroplasty appears to regain more natural ankle joint function, with increased ROM. Long-term follow up should may reveal more clinically meaningful differences.

Level of Evidence: II, Prospective Observational Study
Bacteriological Profile of Neonatal Sepsis in a Tertiary Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Begum S , Baki MA , Kundu GK , Islam I , Kumar M , Haque A
Published: July 2012

Objectives: To evaluate the common pathogens associated with neonatal sepsis in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Materials and Method: This prospective study was done at Special Care Baby Unit (SCABU) BIRDEM Hospital from January to December 2008. Neonates whose blood culture yielded growth of bacteria were included in this study. Results: Sepsis was associated with Low Birth Weight and common organism isolated was Klebsiella and Enterobacter Ampicillin, Genatamicin and third generation cephalosporin were almost resistance to all organisms. Conclusion: Bacterial profile is not the same as western countries, Gram-negative bacteria and in particular Klebsiella and enterobacter species are the leading causes of neonatal sepsis and resistance to ampicillin, gentamicin and third generation cephalosporin   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v30i2.11406   J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2012; 30: 66-70
Morning Report: A Tool for Improving Medical Education
Authors: Mowla MM
Published: July 2012

Morning report (MR) is an important daily activity in the department of internal medicine and it is the most important educational activity in the residency training program. Same is true for any hospital that tends to promote their service through continuous medical education(CME). There is increasing demand to practice medicine which is evidencebased and medical education is no exception. Evidencebased, self-directed, learner-centered education proven to be more effective method of learning than the traditional method for the medical residents and thereby more and more emphasis placed on such curricula in postgraduate medical education. The current standing on this issue reviewed to increase our awareness and improvement of MR in the era of Evidence-Based Medicine(EBM).   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v30i2.11410   J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2012; 30: 91-95
Wegeners Granulomatosis Mimicking Pulmonary
Authors: Alam ABMS , Dastider R , Z Ahmed Z Ahmed , Rabbani R
Published: July 2012

Wegeners Granulomatosis(WG) is a rare type of multisystem small to medium vessel vasculitis with necrotizing granulomatous inflammation involving the upper airway, lungs and the kidneys. In generalized WG, patient invariably dies within few months if left untreated. The key to better prognosis is early treatment once the diagnosis is made. Our patient is a 21yr young lady who was initially diagnosed as nasal septal abscess and later as pulmonary tuberculosis. She was treated accordingly but did not improve. When presented to us, she had asymmetric polyarthritis, cough with mucoid expectoration, intermittent mild haemoptysis as well as fever with bilateral nasal obstruction and epistaxis of about 2 months duration. She was found to have saddle nose deformity with blocked nasal passage and easily bleeding nasal crusts. Bilateral episcleritis and oral aphthous ulceration were also present. Chest X-Ray showed bilateral consolidations and infiltrates. Her hemoglobion was 6.42 gm% with high ESR and CRP. Microscopic haematuria with high serum creatinine and strongly positive C-ANCA were also found. MRI showed rt maxillary sinusitis and right mastoiditis. Finally she was diagnosed as diffuse Wegeners Granulomatosis according to ACR criteria. She was put on oral cyclophosphamide and prednisolone with satisfactory response on follow up.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v30i2.11419   J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2012; 30: 98-104
Retroperitoneal Giant Schwannoma: Difficulties in Diagnosis and Subsequent Surgical Management
Authors: Rahman MA , Mahmud NU
Published: July 2012

Management and excision of left hypochondriac mass of a  55 year old lady have been presented in the paper. The  ultrasound of whole abdomen showed two big lumps in the  left hypochondriac and lumbar region which after excision  turned out to be a retroperitoneal schwannoma. The mass  was removed by sacrificing the left kidney. Though it is a  highly specialized operation and should be performed in a  specialized center, sometimes general surgeons are unable  to avoid the operation due to low economic condition of the  patient. The case was performed at the Central Medical  College Hospital, Comilla utilizing the existing facilities.  Fortunately the patient is doing well and leading a normal  life after one and half years of operation   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v30i2.11420   J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2012; 30: 105-107
College News Vol.30(2)
Authors: Saha Anup Kumar
Published: July 2012

Not available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v30i2.11424 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2012; 30: 116-120
Soil Biochemical Changes Induced by Poultry Litter Application and Conservation Tillage under Cotton Production Systems
Authors: Mankolo Regine , Reddy Chandra , Senwo Zachary , Nyakatawa Ermson , Sajjala Seshadri
Published: July 2012

Problems arising from conventional tillage (CT) systems (such as soil erosion, decrease of organic matter, environmental damage etc.) have led many farmers to the adoption of no-till (NT) systems that are more effective in improving soil physical, chemical and microbial properties. Results from this study clearly indicated that NT, mulch tillage (MT), and winter rye cover cropping systems increased the activity of phosphatase, β-glucosidase and arylsulfatase at a 0–10 cm soil depth but decreased the activity of these enzymes at 10–20 cm. The increase in enzyme activity was a good indicator of intensive soil microbial activity in different soil management practices. Poultry litter (PL) application under NT, MT, and rye cropping system could be considered as effective management practices due to the improvement in carbon (C) content and the biochemical quality at the soil surface. The activities of the studied enzymes were highly correlated with soil total nitrogen (STN) soil organic carbon (SOC) at the 0–10 cm soil depth, except for acid phosphatase where no correlation was observed. This study revealed that agricultural practices such as tillage, PL, and cover crop cropping system have a noticeable positive effect on soil biochemical activities under cotton production.
Dual Targeting of Tumor Cells with Bispecific Single-Chain Fv-Immunoliposomes
Authors: Mack Katharina , Rüger Ronny , Fellermeier Sina , Seifert Oliver , Kontermann Roland E.
Published: July 2012

Antibody fragments, especially single-chain Fv fragments, have been established for the generation of immunoliposomes for targeted drug delivery in cancer therapy and other applications. Bispecific immunoliposomes should be useful for dual targeting addressing inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity of tumor antigen expression. Here, we established a protocol to generate dual-targeted immunoliposomes using genetically engineered scFv molecules recognizing two different tumor-associated antigens, EGFR and CEA (CEACAM5), applying a step-wise insertion of antibody-coupled micelles into preformed PEGylated liposomes. The dual-targeted immunoliposomes retained binding activity for both antigens and combined the selectivity of both antibodies within one liposome. Thus, these dual-targeted immunoliposomes should be suitable to deliver therapeutic payloads to tumor cells expressing EGFR or CEA, or both antigens.
SUMOylation in Giardia lamblia: A Conserved Post-Translational Modification in One of the Earliest Divergent Eukaryotes
Authors: Vranych Cecilia V. , Merino María C. , Zamponi Nahuel , Touz María C. , Rópolo Andrea S.
Published: July 2012

Post-translational modifications are able to regulate protein function and cellular processes in a rapid and reversible way. SUMOylation, the post-translational modification of proteins by the addition of SUMO, is a highly conserved process that seems to be present in modern cells. However, the mechanism of protein SUMOylation in earlier divergent eukaryotes, such as Giardia lamblia, is only starting to become apparent. In this work, we report the presence of a single SUMO gene encoding to SUMO protein in Giardia. Monoclonal antibodies against recombinant Giardia SUMO protein revealed the cytoplasmic localization of native SUMO in wild-type trophozoites. Moreover, the over-expression of SUMO protein showed a mainly cytoplasmic localization, though also neighboring the plasma membrane, flagella, and around and even inside the nuclei. Western blot assays revealed a number of SUMOylated proteins in a range between 20 and 120 kDa. The genes corresponding to putative enzymes involved in the SUMOylation pathway were also explored. Our results as a whole suggest that SUMOylation is a process conserved in the eukaryotic lineage, and that its study is significant for understanding the biology of this interesting parasite and the role of post-translational modification in its evolution.
SUMOylation in Drosophila Development
Authors: Smith Matthew , Turki-Judeh Wiam , Courey Albert J.
Published: July 2012

Small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO), an ~90 amino acid ubiquitin-like protein, is highly conserved throughout the eukaryotic domain. Like ubiquitin, SUMO is covalently attached to lysine side chains in a large number of target proteins. In contrast to ubiquitin, SUMO does not have a direct role in targeting proteins for proteasomal degradation. However, like ubiquitin, SUMO does modulate protein function in a variety of other ways. This includes effects on protein conformation, subcellular localization, and protein–protein interactions. Significant insight into the in vivo role of SUMOylation has been provided by studies in Drosophila that combine genetic manipulation, proteomic, and biochemical analysis. Such studies have revealed that the SUMO conjugation pathway regulates a wide variety of critical cellular and developmental processes, including chromatin/chromosome function, eggshell patterning, embryonic pattern formation, metamorphosis, larval and pupal development, neurogenesis, development of the innate immune system, and apoptosis. This review discusses our current understanding of the diverse roles for SUMO in Drosophila development.
Contemporary Issues in Building Collapse and Its Implications for Sustainable Development
Authors: Windapo Abimbola O. , Rotimi James O.
Published: July 2012

This paper examines contemporary issues in building collapse and its implications for sustainable development in Nigeria. It explores whether the approach to construction by industry stakeholders is in line with the principles of sustainable development following the spate of building collapses in Nigeria. The rationale for the investigation stems from the view by scholars that construction industry stakeholders’ do not seem to consider the future in their current activities. The study establishes that the approach to construction by industry stakeholders do not match sustainable principles, and contributes to general under perforxmance of buildings. The paper recommends an overhaul of planning and implementation policies for building development regulations (e.g., building codes). The Nigerian government, as a major construction stakeholder should initiate sustainable construction measures and enforce this as best practice for the construction industry.
Current Status and Prospects of Biodiesel Production from Microalgae
Authors: Wu Xiaodan , Ruan Rongsheng , Du Zhenyi , Liu Yuhuan
Published: July 2012

Microalgae represent a sustainable energy source because of their high biomass productivity and ability to remove air and water born pollutants. This paper reviews the current status of production and conversion of microalgae, including the advantages of microalgae biodiesel, high density cultivation of microalgae, high-lipid content microalgae selection and metabolic control, and innovative harvesting and processing technologies. The key barriers to commercial production of microalgae biodiesel and future perspective of the technologies are also discussed.
Occurrence and Spatial and Temporal Variations of Disinfection By-Products in the Water and Air of Two Indoor Swimming Pools
Authors: Catto Cyril , Sabrina Simard , Ginette Charest-Tardif , Manuel Rodriguez , Robert Tardif
Published: July 2012

In order to improve disinfection by-product (DBP) exposure assessment, this study was designed to document both water and air levels of these chemical contaminants in two indoor swimming pools and to analyze their within-day and day-to-day variations in both of them. Intensive sampling was carried out during two one-week campaigns to measure trihalomethanes (THMs) and chloramines (CAMs) in water and air, and haloacetic acids (HAAs) in water several times daily. Water samples were systematically collected at three locations in each pool and air samples were collected at various heights around the pool and in other rooms (e.g., changing room) in the buildings. In addition, the ability of various models to predict air concentrations from water was tested using this database. No clear trends, but actual variations of contamination levels, appeared for both water and air according to the sampling locations and times. Likewise, the available models resulted in realistic but imprecise estimates of air contamination levels from water. This study supports the recommendation that suitable minimal air and water sampling should be carried out in swimming pools to assess exposure to DBPs.
Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Testing of New Amido-Substituted Triazolopyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine (PBDT) Derivatives
Authors: Sorra Kumaraswamy , Chang Chi-Fen , Pusuluri Srinivas , Mukkanti Khagga , Laiu Min-Chiau , Bao Bo-Ying , Su Chia-Hao , Chuang Ta-Hsien
Published: July 2012

A series of amido-substituted triazolopyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine (PBDT) derivatives was synthesized from isatoic anhydride, and their cytotoxicity against the MRC-5 and Mahlavu cell lines was evaluated. The results suggest that compound PBDT-7i with the meta-trifluoromethylbenzoyl substituent can selectively inhibit the growth of Mahlavu cells and has low toxicity towards MRC-5 cells.
Synthesis of Some Novel Biologically Active Disperse Dyes Derived from 4-Methyl-2,6-dioxo-1-propyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-pyridine-3-carbonitrile as Coupling Component and Their Colour Assessment on Polyester Fabrics
Authors: Ashkar Samar M. , El-Apasery Morsy A. , Touma Marwan M. , Elnagdi Mohamed H.
Published: July 2012

A series of novel azo-disperse dyes containing alkylhydrazonopyridinone structures were synthesized. 4-Methyl-2,6-dioxo-1-propyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carbonitrile (8) is synthesized by one-pot synthesis using ethyl cyanoacetate, propylamine, and ethyl acetoacetate. Compound 8 is then coupled with aromatic and heteroaromatic diazonium salts to afford the corresponding aryl- and heteroaryl-4-methyl-2,6-dioxo-1-propyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carbonitriles 12a,b and 13a–c. Structural assignments to the dyes were made using NMR spectroscopic methods. A high temperature dyeing method was employed to apply these dyes to polyester fabrics. Most of the dyed fabrics tested displayed very good light fastness levels and good wash fastness. Finally, the biological activity of the prepared dyes against Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria were evaluated.
An ent-Kaurane-Type Diterpene in Croton antisyphiliticus Mart.
Authors: Pereira Sarazete , Taleb-Contini Silvia , Coppede Juliana , Pereira Paulo , Bertoni Bianca , França Suzelei , Pereira Ana Maria
Published: July 2012

Croton antisyphiliticus is a medicinal plant widely used in the treatment of microbial infections, especially those affecting the genital tract. Crude extract, fractions and pure compound isolated from roots of this species were investigated to validate their antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The compound ent-kaur-16-en-18-oic acid was isolated as a major component (0.7% of crude extract), and its MIC value determined against S. aureus (ATCC 6538) was 250 μg/mL. This is the first phytochemical work on the species monitored with antimicrobial assay.
Vehicle Unpaved Road Response Spectrum Acquisition Based on Accelerometer and GPS Data
Authors: Cong Nan , Shang Jianzhong , Ren Yanxi , Guo Yao
Published: July 2012

This paper describes a response acquisition system composed of some spindle accelerometers and a time synchronized on-board GPS receiver developed in order to collect the dynamic response of vehicle riding on an unpaved road. A method of time-space conversion for calculating the response spectrum is proposed to eliminate the adverse effect of time-varying speed, based on the transform from the equitime sampled spindle acceleration responses to equidistance sampling. By using two groups of independent distance histories acquired from GPS, a method called long-range error correction is proposed to improve the accuracy of the vehicle’s distance information, which is critical for the time-space conversion. The accuracy and limitations of the system have been analyzed, and its validity has been verified by implementing the system on a wheel loader for road response spectrum measuring. This paper offers a practical approach to obtaining unpaved road response spectra for durability road simulation.
Validation of SMOS Soil Moisture Products over the Maqu and Twente Regions
Authors: Dente Laura , Su Zhongbo , Wen Jun
Published: July 2012

The validation of Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) soil moisture products is a crucial step in the investigation of their inaccuracies and limitations, before planning further refinements of the retrieval algorithm. Therefore, this study intended to contribute to the validation of the SMOS soil moisture products, by comparing them with the data collected in situ in the Maqu (China) and Twente (The Netherlands) regions in 2010. The seasonal behavior of the SMOS soil moisture products is generally in agreement with the in situ measurements for both regions. However, the validation analysis resulted in determination coefficients of 0.55 and 0.51 over the Maqu and Twente region, respectively, for the ascending pass data, and of 0.24 and 0.41, respectively, for the descending pass data. Moreover, a systematic dry bias of the SMOS soil moisture was found of approximately 0.13 m3/m3 for the Maqu region and 0.17 m3/m3 for the Twente region for ascending pass data. Several factors might have affected the retrieval accuracy, such as the presence of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI), the use of inaccurate land cover information and the presence of frozen soils not correctly detected in winter. Improving the RFI filtering method and the quality of the retrieval algorithm inputs, such as land surface temperature and land cover, would certainly improve the accuracy of the retrieved soil moisture.
Fabrication of High Sensitivity Carbon Microcoil Pressure Sensors
Authors: Su Chih-Chung , Li Chen-Hung , Chang Neng-Kai , Gao Feng , Chang Shuo-Hung
Published: July 2012

This work demonstrates a highly sensitive pressure sensor that was fabricated using carbon microcoils (CMCs) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). CMCs were grown by chemical vapor deposition using various ratios of Fe-Sn catalytic solution. The pressure sensor has a sandwiched structure, in which the as-grown CMCs were inserted between two PDMS layers. The pressure sensor exhibits piezo-resistivity changes in response to mechanical loading using a load cell system. The yields of the growth of CMCs at a catalyst proportion of Fe:Sn = 95:5 reach 95%. Experimental results show that the sensor achieves a high sensitivity of 0.93%/kPa from the CMC yield of 95%. The sensitivity of the pressure sensor increases with increasing yield of CMCs. The demonstrated pressure sensor shows the advantage of high sensitivity and is suitable for mass production.
CMOS Cell Sensors for Point-of-Care Diagnostics
Authors: Adiguzel Yekbun , Kulah Haluk
Published: July 2012

The burden of health-care related services in a global era with continuously increasing population and inefficient dissipation of the resources requires effective solutions. From this perspective, point-of-care diagnostics is a demanded field in clinics. It is also necessary both for prompt diagnosis and for providing health services evenly throughout the population, including the rural districts. The requirements can only be fulfilled by technologies whose productivity has already been proven, such as complementary metal-oxide-semiconductors (CMOS). CMOS-based products can enable clinical tests in a fast, simple, safe, and reliable manner, with improved sensitivities. Portability due to diminished sensor dimensions and compactness of the test set-ups, along with low sample and power consumption, is another vital feature. CMOS-based sensors for cell studies have the potential to become essential counterparts of point-of-care diagnostics technologies. Hence, this review attempts to inform on the sensors fabricated with CMOS technology for point-of-care diagnostic studies, with a focus on CMOS image sensors and capacitance sensors for cell studies.
Computer-based gait analysis of dogs: Evaluation of kinetic and kinematic parameters after cemented and cementless total hip replacement
Authors: Drüen S. , Böddeker J. , Meyer-Lindenberg A. , Fehr M. , Nolte I. , Wefstaedt P.
Published: July 2012

To date is it unclear whether cementless total hip replacement (THR) in dogs is of clinical advantage in comparison to cemented THR with regard to lameness improvement. Thus the aim of this study was to compare objectively the development of the gait pattern after cemented and cementless THR in dogs. For this purpose, 18 adult dogs with hip dysplasia underwent computer-based gait analysis on an instrumented treadmill prior to unilateral THR and then again ten days, four weeks and four months after surgery. Analysed kinetic parameters were symmetry indices (SI) of vertical ground reaction forces (GRF), which included peak vertical forces (PFz), mean vertical forces (MFz), vertical impulse (IFz), and vertical ground reaction forces of the arthroplasty limbs only. Analysed kinematic parameters were range-of-motion and the flexion and extension angles of hip, stifle and hock joints. The symmetry indice for PVF, MFz and IFz decreased to a value less than six in both THR groups four months after surgery, which is defined as not lame. Improvement in lameness of the arthroplasty limbs during the examination period of four months was not significantly different between the cemented and cementless groups. The results suggest that within a short-term observation period of four months after surgery, neither cementless nor cemented THR have a greater advantage with regard to lameness improvement. Additional studies with larger pools of subjects and longer time periods for follow-up examinations are necessary to verify these findings.
In vitro mechanical evaluation and comparison of two crimping devices for securing monofilament nylon and multifilament polyethylene for use in extracapsular stabilization of the canine stifle
Authors: Barnhart M. D. , Kazanovicz A. J. , Naber S. J. , Maritato K. C.
Published: July 2012

Objective: To compare the tensile strength and stiffness of non-absorbable suture loops created with two types of crimping devices.

Methods: Loops of monofilament nylon leader line (MN) of 18 kg, 36 kg, and 45 kg multifilament polyethylene (MP) with a crimp and MP with a crimp and knot were mechanically tested to failure in quasistatic tensile loading after being created with either a wave pattern crimp device or three applications of a single crimp device. Each testing group consisted of five samples. Tensile loading to failure at a rate of 9.5 mm/s was used. Failure was defined as a sudden drop in the recorded force.

Results: All suture materials failed by breaking near the crimp tube with both crimp devices, with exception of the MP without knot, which slipped through the crimp tube using both devices. Sutures secured with the wave pattern crimping device were significantly stronger with a higher load yield, maximum load, displacement yield, failure displacement, and maximum displacement than the single crimp device. Loops of MP suture crimped by either device plus the addition of a surgeon's knot resulted in a significantly stronger construct than unknotted crimped MP constructs. Crimped MP combined with knot were significantly stiffer, but not stronger, than crimped 45 kg MN.

Clinical significance: Performing extra- capsular repair for ruptured cranial cruciate ligaments with the wave pattern crimp system may result in lower failure rates due to the construct being significantly stronger than the single crimp system.
Management of peristomal tissue necrosis following prepubic urethrostomy in a cat
Authors: Kulendra E. , Perry K. L. , Halfacree Z. J. , Jordan C. J.
Published: July 2012

This report describes the successful management of peristomal tissue necrosis following prepubic urethrostomy in a cat. The novel technique of temporary urethral ligation was used in combination with temporary tube cystostomy and vacuum assisted closure to allow for wound management prior to performing wound closure by utilization of a flank fold skin flap then definitive prepubic urethrostomy. Eleven month follow-up indicated excellent outcome with the cat having returned to normal behaviour apart from having adapted its posture to urinate.
Inter- and intra-operator variability associated with extracapsular suture tensioning
Authors: Buffa E. A. , Marchevsky A. M. , Heller J. , Moores A. P. , Farrell M. , Dunn A. L.
Published: July 2012

Objectives: To determine inter- and intra- operator variability associated with extracapsular suture tensioning as performed during lateral fabello-tibial suture placement.

Study design: Ex vivo study.

Methods: Fifteen Greyhound cadaveric pelvic limbs were prepared by cutting the cranial cruciate ligament and placing an extracapsular fabello-tibial suture. On two occasions, three surgeons tensioned the extracapsular suture of each stifle. Stifles were returned to 135 degrees of flexion and the suture tension was measured using a commercially available suture tensioner with inbuilt tensiometer.

Statistical analysis: Intra-operator and inter-operator agreement were assessed using the limits of agreement method. A linear mixed effects model was specified to assess the effect of operator, repeated estimates and stifle order on tension applied.

Results: The mean difference within the three operators ranged from 0 to 14.7N. With 95% limits of agreement, on most occasions for all three operators, the difference was between –31.7 and 41.0 N. The mean difference between the three operators ranged from 6.0 to 30.7 N. With 95% limits of agreement, on most occasions the difference between operators was between –25.6 and 62.5 N.

Clinical significance: Marked variation exists in the tension applied during fabello- tibial suture application, both within and between surgeons. This variation may lead to inconsistent clinical outcomes. Further studies are required to determine the clinical consequences of this marked variation in extracapsular suture tensioning.
Combined Performance of Physical Examination, Mammography, and Ultrasonography for Breast Cancer Screening among Chinese Women: A Follow-Up study
Authors: Huang Y. , Kang M. , Li H. , Li J.Y. , Zhang J.Y. , Liu L.H. , Liu X.T. , Zhao Y. , Wang Q. , Li C.C. , Lee H.
Published: July 2012

PE vte Objective: We aimed to determine which combination of physical examination (PE), mammography (MAM), and ultrasonography (US) would optimize breast cancer detection in China. Methods: We conducted a trial of screening with pe, mam, and us among Chinese women 25 years of age and older. All initial screenings using the three modalities were completed within 30 days of each other, and subjects were followed approximately 1 year later. The performances of the three screening methods used alone, in parallel, or in series were compared. Data were analyzed using exact confidence intervals (CIS) and the McNemar test. Results: Between March 2009 and July 2011, 3028 eligible women completed all study examinations. At a mean follow-up of 1.3 years, 33 breast cancers were identified in the study population. Mammography detected 28 cancers; US, 24 cancers; and PE, 22 cancers. During the follow-up period, 2 false-negative cases occurred clinically. The highest sensitivity for breast cancer screening (93.9%) was achieved by paralleling MAM with US, but came at the cost of a higher recall rate (12.15%). Using us alone at the first stage, followed by mam when indicated, offered high specificity (99.4%) and the lowest recall rate (1.82%), which were not reached at the expense of sensitivity (84.8%). Used in series, us and mam achieved a sensitivity similar to that for the same modalities used in parallel (McNemar p > 0.05). Conclusions: Taking limited health resources into consideration, the strategy of screening with US alone at the first stage, followed by mam when indicated, may optimize breast cancer detection in most regions of China.
Saponins Isolated from Asparagus Induce Apoptosis in Human Hepatoma Cell Line HepG2 Through a Mitochondrial-Mediated Pathway
Authors: Ji Y. , Ji C. , Yue L. , Xu H.
Published: July 2012

Objective: Many scientific studies have shown that Asparagus officinalis has an antitumour effect and enhances human immunity, but the active components and the antitumour mechanisms are unclear. We investigated the effects of saponins isolated from Asparagus on proliferation and apoptosis in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with varying concentrations of Asparagus saponins at various times. Using mtt and flow cytometry assays, we evaluated the effects of Asparagus saponins on the growth and apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology of cell apoptosis. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to analyze intracellular calcium ion concentration, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Spectrophotometry was applied to quantify the activity of caspase-9 and caspase-3. Flow cytometry was used to investigate the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pH, and the expressions of Bcl2, Bax, CytC, and caspase-3, in HepG2 cells. Results: Asparagus saponins inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The median inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 101.15 mg/L at 72 hours. The apoptosis morphology at 72 hours of treatment was obvious, showing cell protuberance, concentrated cytoplasm, and apoptotic bodies. The apoptotic rates at 72 hours were 30.9%, 51.7%, and 62.1% (for saponin concentrations of 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L). Treatment with Asparagus saponins for 24 hours increased the intracellular level of ROS and Ca2+, lowered the pH, activated intracellular MPTP, and decreased MMP in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment also increased the activity of caspase-9 and caspase-3, downregulated the expression of Bcl2, upregulated the expression of Bax, and induced release of CytC and activation of caspase-3. Conclusions: Asparagus saponins induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells through a mitochondrial-mediated and caspase-dependent pathway, suggesting that they may be a potent agent for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Entre neurosciences et psychanalyse
Authors: Golse Bernard
Published: July 2012

Résumé Après avoir rappelé quelques exemples de dialogue épistémologique entre neurosciences et psychanalyse (comme la théorie de l’après-coup à la lumière des données actuelles sur la mémoire, le caractère actif des perceptions, le rêve et les différents types de mémoire, les représentations d’action et les découvertes récentes en neuro-imagerie, l’amnésie infantile et le passage de la communication analogique à la communication digitale, la théorie de l’esprit au regard du concept d’identification projective), l’auteur envisage la problématique de l’intersubjectivité en lien avec la question de la synchronie polysensorielle, avant de conclure par l’évocation de quelques obstacles à ce dialogue transdisciplinaire. Adolescence , 2012, 30 , 2, 269-285.
L'éthique de l'accueil
Authors: Perret Anne , Blanchet Corinne , Cosseron Florent , Femenias Gabriel , Krotenberg Alain , Granier Emmanuelle , Jacquin Paul , Lemaire Jean-Jacques
Published: July 2012

Résumé Les auteurs proposent, à partir des diverses modalités d’accueil dans les Maisons des Adolescents, de définir une posture d’accueil qui participerait de l’éthique d’une démarche clinique. Pour ce faire, ils mettent en évidence la manière dont la demande adressée aux Maisons des Adolescents doit être entendue, en veillant à départager la demande du jeune lui-même de celle émanant de l’entourage familial et social. Ils insistent également sur le fait de prendre la situation telle qu’elle se présente pour déchiffrer le contenu de la demande manifeste et latente. Cette position devrait permettre d’opérer une coupure symbolique et de resituer des repères quant à la différence des sexes et des générations. L’accent est mis sur la notion de référence qui, couplée à une position de moi auxiliaire, serait susceptible de réintroduire du tiers. Cette position d’accueil ne peut se concevoir sans un travail de formation des équipes pluridisciplinaires qui devrait asseoir une clinique où l’insu, auquel chacun est soumis, puisse être partagé. Adolescence , 2012, 30 , 2, 307-314.
Accueil à casita
Authors: Bouche-Florin Laëtitia , Giraud François
Published: July 2012

Résumé À la Maison des Adolescents de Bobigny, CASITA, l’accueil est un élément central du dispositif. Assuré par un binôme pluridisciplinaire d’intervenants de l’équipe, garants de la pluralité des lectures de la souffrance adolescente, il se réalise en plusieurs rendez-vous, généralement sur quelques semaines. À partir d’une vignette clinique, nous proposons de mettre en évidence les fonctions fondamentales du travail processuel de l’accueil, à la fois comme évaluation de la demande, mais aussi comme moment d’ élaboration avant toute orientation vers une prise en charge. Adolescence , 2012, 30 , 2, 315-323.
Spécificités territoriales
Authors: Loncle Patricia
Published: July 2012

Résumé À partir de l’exemple de la Maison des Adolescents d’Avicenne à Bobigny, cet article s’intéresse à l’influence des contextes territoriaux sur le façonnement des modalités et axes d’intervention des Maisons des Adolescents. Nous proposons de retracer les grandes particularités du département de la Seine-Saint-Denis du point de vue de son histoire, de ses problématiques propres et de ses initiatives en matière de politiques locales dans les domaines du social, de la santé et de la jeunesse, pour montrer comment ces éléments entrent en résonance avec les choix faits en matière de fonctionnement de la Maison des Adolescents. Plus largement, nous tendons à expliquer d’où viennent les spécificités aujourd’hui caractéristiques des MDA à travers notre pays. Adolescence , 2012, 30 , 2, 337-347.
Pediatre et pedopsychiatre
Authors: Podlipski Marc-Antoine , Gayet Claire , Gerardin Priscille
Published: July 2012

Résumé À partir de notre expérience en hospitalisation auprès d’adolescents malades chroniques, nous proposons de développer la singularité d’une clinique et d’une prise en charge telle que nous l’envisageons en Maison des Adolescents, où se déroulent quotidiennement des consultations dans lesquelles pédiatres, pédopsychiatres, psychologues et autres professionnels interviennent. En prenant pour exemple la situation de Stéphane, un adolescent diabétique aux racines flamandes, nous esquissons les contours de notre approche interdisciplinaire, œcuménique par essence, entre soins pragmatiques et réalités familiales. Adolescence , 2012, 30 , 2, 359-367.
Accueillir et soigner les mineurs isolés étrangers?
Authors: Radjack Rahmethnissah , Benoit de Coignac Agathe , Sturm Gesine , Baubet Thierry , Moro Marie Rose
Published: July 2012

Les problématiques des jeunes isolés étrangers que nous recevons dans les Maisons des Adolescents sont complexes et font l’objet de peu de travaux en santé mentale. Ces adolescents doivent traverser seuls la période de construction identitaire qu’est l’adolescence et ont souvent vécu des traumatismes répétés et des deuils multiples. Il paraît donc pertinent d’offrir à ces jeunes un espace, comme celui des consultations transculturelles, qui leur permette de s’appuyer sur leur langue maternelle, leurs représentations culturelles, et qui tienne compte du vécu pré, per et post-migratoire de chaque adolescent pour relancer une dynamique processuelle dans sa construction identitaire. Adolescence , 2012, 30 , 2, 421-432.
Escale Ado, une vraie-fausse maison des adolescents
Authors: Boë Emmanuelle , Lestideau Karine , Papanicolaou Georges , Moulay Tahra , Wernoth Chantal
Published: July 2012

Résumé L’ Escale Ado est née en 2010 du regroupement de deux unités de la Clinique Dupré : le Relais et le CATTP, un pôle d’accueil et un pôle thérapeutique. La pluridisciplinarité des approches proposées, l’inscription dans un réseau de structures d’amont et d’aval, apparentent l’Escale Ado à la famille des Maisons pour Adolescents. À partir de deux vignettes cliniques, nous soulignons la pertinence de poser un cadre d’évaluation dans une structure d’accès aux soins, les perspectives thérapeutiques qui peuvent en découler, comme le décloisonnement entre les lieux, et les passages possibles qui permettent de proposer un soin, sur mesure, aux adolescents et jeunes adultes. Adolescence , 2012, 30 , 2, 433-446.
La Boîte de Pandore. Que reste-t-il de l'espérance ?
Authors: Granjon Evelyn
Published: July 2012

Résumé Le film de Yeşim Ustaoğlu donne à l’auteur l’occasion d’une réflexion sur la notion d’alliances inconscientes proposée par René Kaës et de s’interroger sur la nécessité et la fragilité de la boîte de Pandore familiale, fondatrice des liens familiaux, ainsi que sur les conditions et les conséquences de la mobilisation de son contenu.
Rêveries autour de L'histoire du chameau qui pleure de Byambasuren Davaa et Luigi Falorni
Authors: Mevel Françoise
Published: July 2012

Résumé L’histoire du chameau qui pleure (2004) raconte une légende selon laquelle un musicien, avec son violon, peut charmer jusqu’aux larmes une chamelle indifférente à son petit. Cette scène sera comparée à une thérapie familiale psychanalytique.
Les paradoxes de l'intime au cinéma
Authors: Vermeylen Martine
Published: July 2012

Résumé Quatre films ont été choisis par l’auteur : Nue Propriété de Joachim Lafosse (2007), La Fureur de vivre de Nicholas Ray (1955), John John de Brillante Mendoza (2008) et Cachorro de Miguel Albaladejo (2004), pour analyser les paradoxes de l’intime à travers les transactions familiales inconscientes observées dans les familles de ces films. Deux types de paradoxes sont ainsi mis en lumière : une paradoxalité fermée et qui enferme comme dans les familles à transaction perverse et psychotique des deux premiers films. Une paradoxalité plus ouverte apparaît dans les deux derniers films où la fatalité d’un drame semble pouvoir être déjouée. Trois types d’intimité sont également abordés : l’intimité partagée en couple et en famille, l’intimité dans le rapport intersubjectif à l’Autre et l’intimité dans le rapport narcissique à soi. Une analyse des paradoxes de l’intimité dans les interventions professionnelles permet ensuite de mettre en lumière une paradoxalité ouverte à travers les rêves, les fictions et l’imaginaire des rencontres.
Existe-t-il un risque de vide stratégique dans l'océan Indien ?
Authors: Robinet Cyril
Published: July 2012

Alors que l’océan Indien a longtemps été considéré par les Occidentaux comme un espace maritime déconnecté de l’espace terrestre et des conflits qui s’y déroulaient, les logiques d’interpénétration des deux espaces sont récemment apparues via la piraterie et les menaces que celle-ci engendre sur le commerce international. Née de la déliquescence de l’État somalien, la piraterie a mobilisé la communauté internationale, tandis que le conflit somalien s’est régionalisé. Si la Somalie constitue aujourd’hui le principal exemple d’État failli, d’autres pays riverains de l’océan Indien – Comores, Madagascar, Mozambique – connaissent des situations inquiétantes. L’incapacité de ces États à contrôler leurs territoires peut in fine multiplier les entraves à la circulation maritime dans l’océan Indien occidental. Au-delà d’un calcul économique, la communauté internationale doit rester présente dans la région pour y assumer ses responsabilités politiques – avec des solutions novatrices pour la Somalie et un engagement renouvelé auprès de ses voisins méridionaux.
Trans-territoire
Authors: Cattan Nadine
Published: July 2012

Résumé Dans le champ des études genrées, les géographes ont appelé à une remise en cause des acceptions ontologiques des concepts de lieu, d’espace et d’échelle. Dans cette perspective, l’objectif de cette recherche est de repenser les territoires et les territorialités à partir des pratiques spatiales de populations en position de minorité. Il s’agit de dépasser les stéréotypes relatifs à la visibilité de ces populations et à déconstruire certaines catégories binaires de théorisation de la ville. L’article discute d’abord plusieurs facteurs de résistances dans les approches classiques des territoires et montre comment le fluide trouve difficilement écho dans les conceptualisations des espaces. Il analyse ensuite les pratiques spatiales de femmes Sri-Lankaises employées de maison à Beyrouth et propose la notion de trans-territoire pour qualifier la manière dont se négocient les rapports à l’altérité dans la ville. Le trans-territoire souligne l’importance d’une réhabilitation de l’éphémère dans les savoir-penser les territoires et plaide la cause d’une hybridation des concepts spatiaux.