bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Några vittnesbörd om sädesodlingen på Jylland i äldre romersk järnålder
Authors: Hjelmqvist H.
Published: February 2022

Getreideabdrücke aus dem alteren romischen Eisenzeit von Jütland In ein paar Lehmstücken von zwei grossen Gefässen aus der ersten Zeit unserer Zeitrechnung von Nørhå im nördlichen Jütland wurden zahlreiche Getreideabdrücke festgestellt. Offenbar war Dreschrückstand in den Lehm eingemischt worden. Die Getreidearten, die durch die Abdrücke konstatiert werden konnten, waren Spelzgerste, vom vierzeiligen Typus (Fig. 1 a-b), ferner Weizen, von Ährengliedern des gewöhnlichen Weizens (Fig. 1 e-f) wie auch des Binkelweizens (Fig. 1 c-d) vertreten, und Emmer (Fig. 1 g). Ein unvollständiger Abdruck (Fig. 1 h) war wahrscheinlich vom Flughafer, Avena fatua, gebildet worden. Einige wohlerhaltene Spelzreste kamen auch im Lehm vor; eine mikroskopische Untersuchung zeigte, dass wenigstens einer davon zum Weizen gehörte; die Zwillingszellen der Epidermis (Fig. 2 a) stimmten gut mit denjenigen der Deckspelzen vom Weizen überein. Das Zellgewebe zeigte indessen kleinere Dimensionen als bei dem rezenten Weizen (Fig. 2 b), bzw. Binkelweizen (Fig. 2 c); wenn dies bei einem grösseren Material bestätigt wurde, könnte es als ein Beweis für die tetraploide Natur des vorgeschichtlichen Binkelweizens betrachtet werden - in Übereinstimmung mit der Theorie von Mc Fadden und Scars - aber es ist vielleicht auch möglich, dass es nur in einer Schrumpfung der Gewebe zufolge der starken Erwärmung bei der Feuersbrunst seine Ursache hat.H. Hjelmqvist
Jørgen Troels-Smith, 60 år
Authors: Glob P. V.
Published: February 2022

JØRGEN TROELS-SMITH · 60 YEARSBasic to the great progress made in the field of Scandinavian Stone-Age research during the last generation has been the collaboration between archaeology and the natural sciences. Centrally placed, with one foot firmly planted in each of these camps, Jørgen Troels-Smith has been the main force behind this collaboration. He is the leader, and the founder, of the Danish National Museum's scientific department.During his boyhood years on Samsø Troels-Smith quartered the island from his home in the Justice's House at Tranebjerg, collecting artefacts and investigating Stone-Age settlements, in particular along the coasts and on the islands of the cloven Stavns Fjord, whose outlines he has captured, with their subtle colouring, in many an oil-sketch.Troels-Smith chose peat-geology as his speciality, and worked from 1938 as assistant on the Danish Geological Survey, later as head of department with the same survey, from 1944 combining the position with leadership of the National Museum's peat laboratory. Through his initiative the work for the National Museum gradually expanded to a degree where the formation in 1956 of a scientific department with Troels-Smith as head came as a natural consequence. It became the 8th department of the Museum, and soon embarked on new scientific projects, such as radiocarbon dating and dendrochronology.Despite the press of work in the laboratory, an impressive quantity of scientific publications has come from Troels-Smith's pen, dealing both with peat-geology and with archaeology, while he has taken part in a long series of excavations abroad, most notably of Swiss pile-dwellings, where he has supplied the scientific background to the culture. In Greenland, too, he has worked on settlements both of Eskimos and of the Vikings.In recent years Troels-Smith has turned his attention once more to his homeland, and at Hjortholm he is engaged in charting the course of the change-over from the hunting cultures of the early Stone Age to the farming communities of the later Stone Age. Noone here in Denmark has better qualifications for the successful completion of this exciting project than Troels-Smith, combining as he does the exactitude of the scientist with the intuitive grasp of the artist.P. V. Glob
Vinterudgravning i Braa
Authors: Andersen Harald
Published: February 2022

The bronze cauldron from Braa In the village of Braa, southwest of Horsens, in February 1952, the remains were found of a huge bronze cauldron - a piece of imported Celtic work fashioned in the centuries immediately preceding the birth of Christ. It was undoubtedly an offering to the gods, as it had been broken into hundreds of pieces and placed in a pit dug to receive it. On top of it were Iaid two large boulders and a number of smaller stones.The cauldron had had a diameter of about 120 cms. and is therefore the largest metal container known from Denmark's prehistoric era. It has still not been assembled but, so far as can be judged, it was hemispherical in shape though narrowing slightly towards the rim. A massive iron ring was set around the rim and immediately beneath this were set three massive bronze handle­mounts, curved and decorated with twining ornamentation and owl's heads. These mounts had held the iron ring-handles, which were covered with bronze and had pointed upwards, showing that the cauldron was designed to be hung up. It was probably incapable of standing on its thin baseplate. Five bulls' heads in bronze belong to the cauldron. Originally there must have been six, as it can be seen that the heads were placed in twos, one on each side of each of the three handles. The belly of the cauldron, of thin bronze sheeting, had been riveted to a short neck. A number of fragments of leather, found together with the pieces of bronze, have still not been explained, but they appear in some way to have been positioned upon the outer surface of the cauldron. Nor has a place yet been found for the figure of a bird - it is possible that it did not belong to the cauldron. Together with the cauldron was found an iron axe.Several cauldrons of a somewhat similar type have been found in Denmark. The best known is the large silver cauldron from Gundestrup peat-bog in Himmerland.The Braa cauldron will be preserved at the Prehistoric Museum in Aarhus.Harald Andersen
Stenaldergrav fra Gabøl
Authors: Becker C.J.
Published: February 2022

A Stone Age Grave from Gabøl, with Jutland and Swedish BattleaxesIn 1939 Haderslev County Museum investigated an overploughed burial tumulus near the village of Gabøl in North Schleswig. In addition to several secondary Bronze Age burials in the outer edges of the tumulus a large stone setting was found in the centre (fig. 1, no. 8), presumably the remains of an Early Bronze Age oak-coffin burial. Under this was found the primary grave of the tumulus, a Single Grave, which appeared as an excavation in the subsoil sand, 2.55 metres long, up to 0.87 metres wide and 0.12 metres deep (fig. 1, no. 13). No stone had been employed, but at the bottom and sides the carbonised remains of a wooden coffin were found. At the bottom of the grave the very faint traces of a least one skeleton were found, lying with its head to the northwest, with somewhat flexed legs. It was impossible to determine with certainty whether one or two persons had been buried in this grave. In the grave, no. 13, two battleaxes were found; in the southern corner lay the axe illustrated in fig. 4, and in the opposite corner that shown in fig. 3. In addition two small amber beads were found (nos. 12 and 15, cf. fig. 5 a-b).Southeast of grave 13 still another excavation in the subsoil was found, no. 13 a. It was 1.45 metres long, 0.75 metres wide and up to 0.22 metres deep. It contained traces of wooden planks and a number of stones (fig. 2, in background). It has not proved possible to determine with certainty how this excavation should be interpreted. It may belong to grave 13, or may instead be the result of later intrusion; it was in any case covered by the Bronze Age grave no. 8, which was apparently undisturbed.Even though there thus appear to be points of uncertainty in the interpretation of the grave-complex from Gabøl as a whole, there seems to be no doubt at all that grave 13 was undisturbed, and that the two battleaxes were deposited at the same time. Fig. 3 is a normal Jutland Single-Grave axe from the Late Ground-Grave Period (Glob 3), Type I 3a) whereas fig. 4 is a Swedish boat-axe. This latter appears to belong to Oldeberg's Group E, and must in any case be regarded as of one of the later Swedish types.Four times previously have Swedish battleaxes been found in tumuli or graves in Jutland 9-13) but under circumstances which did not allow of chronological conclusions. The grave from Gabøl gives for the first time an unambiguous contact between phases of the Jutland and the Swedish Single­Grave Cultures, and shows that the Late Ground-Grave Period in Jutland corresponds to the later period of the Swedish boat-axes.C. J. Becker
En trææske af ler
Authors: Marseen Oscar
Published: February 2022

A Wooden Box in Pottery In 1952 members of the Jutland Archeological Society undertook the emergency excavation of a ploughed-over tumulus in Nyrup (Sønderholm parish, Himmerland; North Jutland). The tumulus contained as central grave a broken­up cairn burial of the Dagger Period, and covered a ring-wall of large stones 22 meters in diameter, immediately within which were 9 secondary cremation patches.In one of these was found a pottery box with lid (Fig. 1), 6.4 cms. high, 17.5 cms. long and 10.5 cms. wide. Its sides are concave-convex (Fig. 2). The box could be fastened by means of a rod passing along a groove in the lid and through three perforated projections, one in the centre of each side and on the lid. The underside of the rimmed lid is fire-blackened, perhaps from the cremation patch, or perhaps indicating that the box was used to carry coals. Its shape proves that it was worn on the belt.The box is dated to the Late Celtic Iron Age by potsherds of a typical Kraghede vessel found in the same patch (Fig. 3). No parallels are known from the Late Bronze Age (Fig. 4). It is probable that boxes of this type were in common use, but were made of wood or hark and therefore perished.Oscar Marseen.
Tingenes tavshed – tingenes tale
Authors: Gjerløff Anne Katrine
Published: February 2022

The silence of the artefacts?The traditional division between archaeology and history is created by the sources of the disciplines. Archaeology is normally defined by the material sources – the artefacts – and history by the focus on written sources. The article gives an introduction to the changing conception of artefacts and to the historians’ and archaeologists’ relation to the material sources.In the 18th century,the collection and description of artefacts was the main goal for the scholars, or antiquarians (fig. 1). In the second half of the century it became common to use the ancient monuments and artefacts in art and in complex combinations as national monuments and landscape gardens (fig. 3-6). The function of the monuments was to emphasise the antiquity of the royal power and the king’s right and relationship to the nation. In the 19th century art became more romantic – as did the interpretations of the artefacts. Now the Danish people and the ”true Danish spirit” made the artefacts valuable (fig. 7).Until the middle of the 19th century it was believed that the prehistoric artefacts were in fact ”historic” – that they belonged to the same period as the Old Norse writings. The artefacts were considered temporary with the writings of Saxo and the Icelandic manuscripts and the interpretation of the artefacts relied heavily on written sources. Also artefacts were often ascribed to supernatural beings such as giants and elves (fig. 2). From 1820 onwards, C.J. Thomsen developed an independent archaeological method according to which the artefacts were sources in their own right, and they were slowly accepted as the most reliable evidence of the distant past (fig 8-11). This development was partly caused by J.J.A. Worsaae’s critique of the traditional historical approach, which led to misinterpretations of mounds and artefacts.This new interpretation of the material sources put archaeology and history in opposition to each other. The cultural history of the archaeologist written on basis of ”speech less” sources conflicted with the political history of the historians dealing with great men and central events. As a result of these conflicting definitions of history the disciplines separated.This conflict is still evident in the disciplines’ attitude to each other. However, the postulated difference in the nature of written and material sources is untenable from the traditional viewpoint of a source as remnant or report (fig. 12).This definition of sources was created by Kristian Erslev in the late 19th century and can still be used when dealing with the apparent differences between archaeology and history. The article concludes that when archaeologists try to emphasise the truth of their sources, they are making a mistake. The fact that the artefacts are speechless, e.g. have no formulated report – does not make them true. The central question is the way the scientists interpret the sources, since no source ever speaks for itself.Anne Katrine GjerløffThe Department of History Copenhagen University
Roskilde 6 – et langskib fra Norge – Proveniens og alder
Authors: Bonde Niels , Stylegar Frans-Arne
Published: February 2022

Roskilde 6 – a long-ship from VikenProvenance and dateDuring works on construction of the Museum Island in Roskilde in 1996-97, ten historical shipwrecks were discovered, all built primarily of oak. Preliminary dendrochronological investigations revealed that these represented ships ranging in date from the beginning of the 11th century to the beginning of the 15th century AD, i.e. a period during which Roskilde was one of the most important towns in the Danish Kingdom. One of the wrecks, termed ‘Roskilde 6’, stands out from the rest. It is the oldest of the ten vessels and also the largest Viking ship found to date. It belongs to the group of the Late Viking Age long, narrow warships and would have had a crew of more than a hundred. Seen in the light of documentary sources there is reason to believe that this was a warship which belonged to a person of very high rank. The dendrochronological dates fix the time of the ship’s construction at AD 1025-26 and the investigations also revealed that the ship was built using oak trees that grew in the areas around Oslo Fjord, probably in Vestfold. The ship was probably actually built in Vestfold. It was constructed at a time when hostilities culminated between Norwegian Olaf Haraldsson (the Holy), who imposed royal power on areas of Danish interest around Oslo Fjord, and the Danish king, Canute the Great, who tempted to hold together his so-called North Sea Empire. ‘Roskilde 6’ was very probably involved in the battle at the mouth of the river Helgeå, on the east coast of Scania, which took place in AD 1026. According to documentary sources, the battle between the army of Olaf Haraldsson and the Swedish king Anund Jacob, on one side, and Canute the Great’s army, on the other, ended more or less undecided. Whether this is correct is impossible to ascertain. One thing is, however, certain: the battle marked the beginning of Olaf’s decline. We cannot know on which side ‘Roskilde 6’ took part, but the vessel continued in use for a further c. 20-30 years before it ended up on the shore meadows below Roskilde.Niels BondeNationalmuseetFrans-Arne StylegarVest-Agder FylkeskommuneKristiansand
Vej og gravplads – Et exempel fra Møllegårdsmarken på Fyn
Authors: Thrane Henrik
Published: February 2022

Road and cemetery – an example from the Iron Age at Møllegårdsmarken near Gudme on eastern FunenThe cemetery at Møllegårdsmarken (fig. 1) is Denmark’s largest Iron Age burial ground, in use from late Pre-Roman to late Roman times. 1-4 During the recent attempt to excavate the cemetery completely, traces of paved roads and mortuary houses were observed, 5-6 and the ford across the river valley south of the cemetery was sampled in 1998.Close relations between roads and burials are well known from the Neolithic to medieval times. The roads at Møllegårdsmarken could only be observed where they had been well covered, but the fragments show that the cemetery functioned as a sort of crossroads (fig. 2). The road metalling simply comprised up to 10 cm thick layers of small stones which showed grooves made by the wheels of vehicles that used the road (fig. 3). The wheel span corresponds to the vehicle types known from the time. Parallels are rare. Potsherds from the roads have been 14C dated and a dendrochronological date of AD 1210 has been obtained for a post placed in the middle of one of the sunken roads leading to the ford (fig. 5), indicating a terminus ante quem for the use of this particular road. A further terminus ante quem is provided by fill from a pyre which overlay road ADF; the fill could be dated to the Migration period (fig. 6).In order to see where the road led, two trenches were dug in the Tange river valley (figs. 7-9). Trench ANU was found to contain stone pavement ANV (fig. 7), and stakes at the edges of this have been dated to AD 640, with alder roots giving dates of AD 440-430.Trench ANT revealed three separate stone pavements in hollows where the road had branched out in order to ascend the southern slope of the river valley (figs. 8-9). East of trench AOF, stake AOK gave a date of AD 435. No finds were encountered, so the 14C dates provide the only available dating evidence.Small constructions comprised of four or more posts, some containing cremation graves, are interpreted as mortuary houses. Several have been identified – LQ, ZP containing four urns, 2213-14, AGA containing urn 2212 50 and AHG containing ashes AKV.Their position is marginal to the cemetery and a close relationship with the roads seems quite clear (figs. 2 and 10).The cemetery appears to have functioned as a sort of crossroads. While the wheel grooves in the road surfaces indicate heavy loads, the roads can also be seen as elements in a processional route connecting important stages of a ritual, whose character remains unknown (fig. 11). The sacral place names in the vicinity indicate the special importance of the Gudme region at least during the late Roman and Migration periods.A German version of this paper has been published in the Steuer Festschrift (Thrane 2009).Henrik ThraneForhistorisk ArkæologiInstitut for Kultur og SamfundAarhus Universitet
Skjoldbuler – offer og symbol Ritualer, kosmologi og magt i skandinavisk jernalder
Authors: Nielsen Anni Pind
Published: February 2022

Shield bosses – offerings and symbols – Rituals, cosmology and power in Iron Age ScandinaviaThe South Scandinavian war booty offerings, which date from the Roman and Germanic Iron Ages, contain thousands of weapons and other military objects. Many of these have been intentionally damaged using remarkable force and in strange ways. The focus of this article is on the destruction of weapons and the aim is to reach an understanding of this phenomenon in the light of the social structure in the Iron Age.Of the 32 bronze shield bosses recovered from Illerup Ådal, eight have been broken using the butt of an axe head (figs. 2-4). The axes from Illerup are also quite damaged and it appears as if they have been used to destroy many hundreds of objects. Some of the imprints seen on the bronze shield bosses even match the dimensions of the axe butts (figs. 1 and 5). There appears to be some consistency in the manner in which the shield bosses were damaged even though they belong to two different stages of the offering site. This could result from a fixed ritual method of destroying shield bosses. It is also possible that only a few individuals participated in the destruction of these objects, because the ways in which the shield bosses have been broken are very similar.It is remarkable that the implements used to destroy shield bosses and weapons in the war booty offerings were other weapons. This could be due to a belief in personification of weapons/objects, such that they represented the warriors to whom they had belonged.There is also a peculiar absence of items in the finds from the Illerup site. Many of the axes that must have been used to destroy the shield bosses have not been recovered. In only six instances out of 12 has it been possible to find an axe that matches the dimensions of the distinct square impressions seen on the shield bosses. Other items and fragments are also missing. It is concluded here that the missing objects could have been taken to other locations or given as gifts to princes or warlords, possibly in connection with the creation of alliances.The Early Roman Iron Age was a period of great unrest as new and old elites fought for power. This is why the alliances were so important. As a consequence of this new social and economic organisation, warriors were now employed full time by the elite. It is therefore only natural that war, warrior identity and weapons were also dominant concepts in religious life. This can be seen in the finds recovered from war booty offerings, graves, central places etc. Central places appear to take over the role of religious centres after the war booty offerings ended. Votive activity appears to have become more institutionalised during the period when the war booty sacrifices flourished. Subsequently, this became particularly pronounced and participation may have been reserved for the select few. This reflects the fact that the elite had now established their right to the power and had no longer a need to compete openly.Anni Pind NielsenHedensted
Om Egtvedpigens rejse
Authors: Hvass Lone
Published: February 2022

En debatterende anmeldelse af Karen Margarita Frei: Egtvedpigens rejse (København 2018) med udgangspunkt i anmelderens indgående kendskab til fund og fundsted.
Troldtøj og guldfigurer
Authors: Laursen Kent Otte
Published: February 2022

En indgående diskussion af nye tolkninger af en nyfundet guldfigurine og guldgubber med hidtil ukendt motiv, begge fra germansk jernalder.
Frequency and Structure of Lower Limbs Disorders in Preschool Children
Authors: Bajrić Senad , Srdić Velibor , Bajrić Osmo
Published: February 2022

The research was conducted on a sample of 266 respondents of preschool age, aged 4-6 years of both sexes in Preschool Institution “Zvjezdica” Banja Luka. Out of the total number of respondents, the male population consisted of 137 respondents, while female population consisted of 129 respondents. Disorders of the knee joint, X - legs, O - legs and hyperextension of the legs were used to assess the presence of lower extremity deformities. The main goal of the research was to determine the actual state of frequency and structure of lower extremity deformities in preschool subjects in relation to gender and age. The frequencies and structure of deformities of the lower extremities are shown in tabular relation to the sex and age of the subjects. The results of the research indicate a slightly higher frequency of lower extremity deformities in boys compared to girls, and the highest frequency of presence was found in subjects of both sexes aged 4 years, and slightly lower in subjects aged 5 years. It is surprising that the presence of deformities was not determined in subjects of both sexes aged 6 years. However, these results also oblige us to be careful and constantly and continuously monitor the postural status of children in order to timely identify physical disorders and take adequate activities in preventive and corrective work. The obtained results should initiate activities in order to timely diagnose, control and undertake effective programs of corrective exercise in preschool children.
The Influence of Professional Sport on Changes in the Athlete’s Cardiovascular System After the end of Career
Authors: Nikolić Tanja , Zbućnović Sanja , Ujsasi Darijan , Milić Zoran
Published: February 2022

The benefits of sports activities on almost all physiological systems are immense and of wide spectrum. However, a large number of recent studies deals with the consequences of long-term professional engagement in sports activities and present opposite results. The review was based on the assumption that intense physical activity to which top athletes are exposed brings with it changes in the cardiovascular system. The methodological procedure has included a review of previous research through the Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science search engines over the past twenty years. Athletes who have played endurance sports have lower blood pressure values compared to athletes who have played strength sports, as well as compared to the non-athlete population. Athletes who have been involved in strength sports have more pronounced left ventricular values. As a general conclusion, it can be pointed out that intense physical activity contributes to changes in the cardiovascular system, but further monitoring of the athlete’s condition is needed after a professional career, in order to obtain even clearer results, because sport is performed at an extremely intensive level, higher than 50-60 years ago.
The Chincoteague Ponies and What It Means To Be Free
Authors: Flower Alexis
Published: February 2022

The Chincoteague pony swim is a cherished tradition in Chincoteague, Virginia, where noble saltwater cowboys round up wild horses to be sold at auction the next day. The island thrives off this event’s economic impact, which is amplified through Marguerite Henry’s series “Misty of Chincoteague”, allowing the pony’s fame to reach all corners of the world. The tradition is rooted in Chincoteague culture, but several different ethical aspects come into question after critical consideration. The islander’s economic dependence and pride in the ponies and yearly round up act as a disguise for these ethical quandaries, through the practice of modern myth making. This paper explores concepts of breed, the state of being wild vs. free, language surrounding horses, and hidden symbols within the swims organization to uncover the covert way in which Chincoteague culture upholds colonial values.
Beyond the Fairy Tale of The Shape of Water. Reimagining the Creature
Authors: Lankauskaitė Viktorija
Published: February 2022

Guillermo del Toro’s “Shape of Water” (2017) has gained praise both from critics and audiences for its themes and storyline. In particular, a lot of creative and thematic weight is carried by the creature in the film – the Amphibian Man. As a character, it fits into the recent trend of morally positive and emotionally impactful monster representations, helping, among other things, to address the themes of acceptance and embracing of otherness. The aim of this paper is to explore the construction and portrayal of the Amphibian Man, and to take a closer look at the director’s approach towards reimagination of the creature in today’s landscape of cinema. The paper delves into del Toro’s work to define him as auteur, reflects on the traditions and changes in creature cinema, and examines the portrayal of the creature in terms of language, sound, and image.
Interior Practice of Women in Kampung Kauman Semarang
Authors: Harani Arnis Rochma , Murtini Titien Woro , Wardhani Mustika Kusumaning
Published: February 2022

The spatial practice of women in Kampung Kauman is a concrete manifestation of the active agents of spatial production in everyday life, which uses housing to support their economic, social, and cultural activities. This paper aims to expand the idea of women-led domestic territory using the lens of interiority, highlighting women's practices that connect and expand their space in the inner space of the dwelling and beyond. This research was conducted by mapping the everyday practices of women in Kampung Kauman to reveal various spatial settings in space. This paper argues that women's practice can broaden the understanding of interiority related to houses and their neighbourhoods. The findings of this study show that the connection between domestic spaces to the neighbourhood may change depending on the women's activity, the agreement of social and cultural activities alternately in the domestic area, and shifting the domestic area into a commercial area. This spatial arrangement can guide residential areas and urban environments by considering domestic interiority in everyday life.
DRAMATURGY, SPLIT PERSONALITY AND THE QUESTION OF IDENTITY IN EFFIONG JOHNSON’S SON OF THE LAND
Authors: Udofia Anietie Francis
Published: February 2022

The nature of man in relationship with his society is ambivalent, reflecting that human beings have the capacity to alter their personality to fit in to the situation they are confronted with at different times. This alterations result in indeterminate portrayal of human identity in creative works. No character is whole until the social condition he is pitched against justifies him. This paper evaluates Effiong Johnson’s treatment of indeterminacy of the human selves in a chaotic social milieu in Son of the Land. It uses qualitative research methodology and bases its theoretical framework on Sigmund Freud’s Psychodynamic Theory. Findings show that uncertainty of social conditions may force people to vary the attitudes they put up for survival. Dramaturgy is the various impressions people put up at different times. Personality is the discernible self marked for a particular regular situation, while the quirk in the marked self suggests split-personality. The totality of all selves in their sameness or differentiation in the confrontations with pleasant and unpleasant situations in life suggests human identity. The paper concludes that unstable society will provide unstable citizens. The circumstances people face in life shape their pattern of thought which motivates action they take. Everyone puts up a self when confronted with a happenstance. The knowledge of human behaviour should be broadened in drama to help in the curtailment of sweeping conclusion over human attitude, varying selves and identity in the society.KEYWORDS: Dramaturgy, Personality, Identity, Effiong Johnson. Son of The Land.
SINOVAC VACCINE POLEMIC DISINFORMATION IN ASYMMETRICAL WARFARE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Belinda Fera , Puspitasari Maria
Published: February 2022

The polemic of the China produced Sinovac Vaccine issue spreading among the public, is a form of disinformation used by political opposition to the government, to block and mess up the government’s effort to accelerate handling of Covid-19 transmission in Indonesia. The polemic results in 4 situations, namely; first, decreasing public trust in the government's commitment in eradicating the Covid-19 pandemic. Second, low level of support from the public of the Covid-19 handling programs. Third, delayed and slow economic recovery which brings down the public's economic ability due to increasing number of layoffs caused by decreases in companies’ turnover and affecting the public’s purchasing power. Fourth, the national security aspect, especially on the potential aspect regarding disintegration of the nation. Purpose of this research is to reveal the disinformation via China-made Sinovac vaccine polemic. The research applies disinformation and asymmetric warfare concepts to prove the Sinovac vaccine polemic, while also using a qualitative research approach by making the polemic issue as the object of case study. Data collection technique is done by text observation on social media which covers the Sinovac vaccine polemic. The research discovers that the disinformation effort to the Sinovac vaccine issue is a polemic to the government, that the public assess as slow in handling the spread of Covid-19.KEYWORDS: Polemic, Sinovac Vaccine, Disinformation, Asymmetrical Warfare
POLICING THE DIGITAL REALMS: REFLECTION ON COMMUNITY POLICING DISCOURSES IN THE DIGITAL REALMS
Authors: Kurniawan Kukuh S. , Djamal Fauzan , Sriyanto Sriyanto
Published: February 2022

This paper tends to reconceptualize community policing as the embodiment of community oriented policing related to the shifting definition of community. In response to these dynamics, the issue of the relationship between the digital realm and community policing that has been implemented is important to study. The study is expected to reflect thoughts on the issue of crime in the digital realm, concepts and models of community policing, as well as ways to increase the potential of contextual Community Policing. How to increase the potential for community policing so that it can be used in dealing with problems in the digital realm according to the development of the digital realms, especially the rhetoric of Revolution 4.0 in contemporary Indonesia.KEYWORDS: Community Policing, Community Virtual, Discourses
KI HAJAR DEWANTARA’S ACTIONS AND THOUGHTS: THE NORMS AND VALUES OF MODERN INDONESIAN EDUCATION
Authors: Waworuntu Adrianus Laurens Gerung
Published: February 2022

Ki Hadjar Dewantara is synonym with Indonesian education. His thoughts and actions became the foundation of modern Indonesian education system. His famous slogan is Tut Wuri Handayani, which means following from behind by influencing. That is, do not try to pull students from the front. Children who are still learning should be left to find their own way. This slogan reflects his eclectic education philosophy, derives from his understanding and contemplation on Eastern tradition and Western scholarship.This article is an attempt to trace back the origins of the norms and values, by presenting the actions and thoughts of Ki Hadjar Dewantara in its context. The family and cultural backgrounds gave him the foundation of his self-awareness as a subject in a colonial society. The impact of his mixed education, and social and political condition of this colonial period were significant factors that has moulded Ki Hadjar’s political awareness and outlook. By looking into the actions and thoughts of Ki Hadjar Dewantara, we might find expositions on how an Indonesian subject interact with his world and ideals in a unique period of the history of Indonesia, and the origins behind the philosophy and ideals that shaped Indonesian education.
THE NARRATIVE OF EXCOMMUNICATION AND PRESENCE OF THE GHOST CHARACTER IN THE NOVEL HANIYAH DAN ALA DI RUMAH TETERUGA BY ERNI ALADJAI
Authors: Ghozali Ahmad Sulton , Christomy Tommy
Published: February 2022

Literature that describes the setting or written by authors from eastern Indonesia becomes increasingly important as public awareness of that gap. This research fulfills that need by discussing the novel Haniyah dan Ala di Rumah Teteruga by Erni Aladjai. This research aims to describe the narrative of excommunication and selection of the ghost character in that conflict. This research uses a sociological theory approach and a conflict theory approach which is carried out using a qualitative method and based on a literature study. This research found that the excommunication narrative shows a social problem that is trying to be solved but becomes obscured since the clues were carried out by a ghost character. The ghost character in the story has another functions in the story, such as support the effectiveness of the story, trigger emotional impressions, and connects the story with historical events during the Dutch colonial period. Although considered as an abnormal choice of character, the ghost's presence in the narrative of excommunication builds parallel relationship to imply the idea of social criticism for a society that is obsessed with mysticism to repressive to the voices of truth.KEYWORDS: Conflict, Excommunication, Ghost Stories, Past
EDUCATIVE AND ENTERTAINING TENDECIES OF UKWUANI FOLKTALES
Authors: Akoni Chukualuka , Anigala Ogochuku
Published: February 2022

Folktales have been shared in every society to educate, entertain and preserve culture. It plays an invaluable role along with other cultural norms in bringing people together and ensuring exchange and understanding between them. However ukwuani folktales have not garnered attention from oral literature scholars. This paper opens us up to the possibilities that Ukwuani folktales can be educative as well as edifying. The folktales selected for this research were obtained from an elder in the Ukwuani Community of Delta State, Nigeria. The researcher transcribed them for analysis. It has been said that the best form of learning is through informal means and folktale is a product of that, for this reason the Social Learning theory was adopted as the theoretical framework for this research. The findings of this paper reveals that ukwuani folktales serve a dual purpose -Didactism and Entertainment- to the betterment of its community.
SIGNAGE IN PUBLIC SPACES: IMPACT OF TOURISM ON THE LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE OF LABUAN BAJO
Authors: Datang Frans Asisi , Munawarah Sri , Triwinarti Wiwin , Lauder Multamia RMT
Published: February 2022

Labuan Bajo, the capital of West Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, is currently experiencing rapid development. A good number of hotels, restaurants, and cafes have sprung up. The rapid development of tourist accommodation has had an impact on national and local identity as seen in the language in public spaces through the language used in the tourist accommodation sign boards.The purpose of this study is to map the linguistic landscape in Labuan Bajo, particularly the use of language on tourist accommodation signage; to explain the factors that lead to the dominance of massive foreign influences on the language of tourist accommodation signage; and explain the response of local communities to the domination of these foreign influences. This study used a qualitative method by first visually documenting data, consisting of names of tourist accommodations in Labuan Bajo; second, doing a linguistic analysis of data in particular the meaning and construction of names that may come from one or multiple languages.The results of the field research show that foreign identities in language use on tourist accommodation signboards in Labuan Bajo are so widespread. It is hoped that the government can encourage the use of the national language and regional languages in tourist accommodation signage through the socialization of the use of language in public spaces as stated in Law No. 24 of 2009 so that national and local identities in Labuan Bajo are not seen as inferior to foreign identities.KEYWORDS: linguistic landscape, public space, identity, national and local language
A PRELIMINARY STUDY: WORD AND NON-WORD REPETITION TASKS IN CHILDREN WITH SPEECH DELAY
Authors: Anjarningsih Harwintha Y. , Puryanti Fifi
Published: February 2022

This study examined the potential of using word and non-word repetition to screen children with speech delay in Indonesia. The tasks adapted Dollaghan & Campbell (1998), which was adjusted to Indonesian. There were 32 items arranged in two sets, consisting of 16 words and 16 non-words, and four items in one, two, three, and four syllables. The sets were counterbalanced across participants. The total number of phonemes in each set was 96. This research involved two children with speech delay (aged 5;0 (year;month) coded B12, and aged 7;1 coded A12); and eleven typically developing children as a control group for each of A12 and B12. The accuracy of word repetitions of all number of syllables by B12 revealed significantly lower results than the accuracy of the control group. The accuracy of non-word repetition in this group did not show any significant differences. For the group of participants aged 7 years, the word repetition revealed significant differences, although A12 had performed normally in two-syllable words. In this group, the repetition of 3- and 4-syllables non-words by participant A12 showed significantly lower results compared to the accuracy of the control group. Clinical and developmental implications in the Indonesian context were discussed.KEYWORDS: Speech Delay, Non-word Repetition, Word Repetition, Language Disorders in Children
CULTURAL IDENTITY CRISIS IN THE NOVEL KADANG SURINAME SANAK MERAPI BY FUJI RIANG PRASTOWO
Authors: Christianto Paulus Aditya , Setyani Turita Indah
Published: February 2022

The crisis of cultural identity often occurs in Indonesian society. This social phenomenon generally occurs in the young generation, especially those living in urban areas such as Jakarta. This social phenomenon depicted in the novel Kadang Suriname Sanak Merapi (KSSM) by Fuji Riang Prastowo. Trisnah as the main character in the novel, chose Western culture as her cultural identity rather than Javanese culture which is her origin. The researchaims to analyze the identity crisis factors of Trisnah's character that influenced her in the process of selecting her cultural identity in the novel KSSM. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a sociological approach to literature, a mimetic approach and a psychology approach to literature. The results of this research indicated that Trisnah`s cultural identity crisis is caused by two factors, namely social and psychological aspects that are interrelated, especially in the process of choosing her cultural identity. These two factors influenced the forming process of Trisnah's cultural identity by releasing the Javanese cultural identity inherited by her family. Therefore it can be concluded that two factors, both social and psychological, from bullying can provide a significant impact on the formation of a person's cultural identity, especially when they were in the midst of their identity crisis, so it is important to have character education in responding to differences in a multicultural society.KEYWORDS: cultural identity crisis, cultural identity, social, psychology, traumatic
RESISTANCE ON THE SEA BOUNDARIES: SMUGGLING IN THE EASTERN WATERS OF SUMATRA DURING UPHEAVAL TIMES 1946 – 1961
Authors: Wibawa Mirza Ardi
Published: February 2022

Smuggling through the sea between Sumatra, Singapore, and the Malay Peninsula became a problem for the Indonesian government. This issue has a clash between informal and formal political forces so that claimed status of trade can be label as 'legal' or 'illegal' depending on the capacity and presence of the applicable law. Moreover, smuggling could be considered as a resistance effort during the war and conflict periods. This problem can be seen in upheaval times, such as the independence revolution and regional uprising around the eastern waters of Sumatra. These waters became the gateway for the Republic of Indonesia to penetrate the Dutch blockade and smuggled weapons supplies along with international support. However, when there were rebellions by Darul Islam in Aceh and Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia (PRRI) in North Sumatra and Central Sumatra, smuggling was also used against the central government in Jakarta. This study uses the historical method, so after collecting historical facts related to smuggling through newspapers, books, and journals, and then interprets them from the perspective of legal anthropology to analyze smuggling during upheaval times as a resistance act to those who oppose politics and economics pressure.KEYWORDS: Smuggler, Sumatra, Revolution of Independence, Regional Uprising.
THE ARTICULATION OF AINU IDENTITY THROUGH WOMEN’S ACTIVITIES IN MENOKO MOSMOS ASSOCIATION
Authors: Rahwati Wawat , Kurnia Lilawati
Published: February 2022

This paper examines the ways of Ainu women in the community articulating their identity as resistance from discrimination by the Japanese ethnic majority. One of the Ainu women’s communities is the Association of Menoko Mosmos which was recently established in 2017. This qualitative research is conducted to analyze the process of articulation through the activities organized by Ainu women who are involved in the Ainu Women’s Association of Menoko Mosmos. I focus on viewing the activities of Ainu women in order to understand how the Ainu women articulate their identity in this community and how their roles as women in revitalizing and promoting the Ainu culture which is considered endangered. The results of this research reveal that the Ainu women attempt to exist in the community of Menoko Mosmos Association as a resistance form in facing discrimination. The Ainu women who are involved have found a way to express their identity by engaging in cultural practices in particular related to traditionally domestic sphere activities, such as the events and workshops of Ainu food. These activities are carried out by Ainu women as a form of articulation that emphasizes their identity and positioning as Ainu women in Japanese society.KEYWORDS: Menoko Mosmos, Ainu women, Gender roles, Articulation
BARITO (INDONESIA) AND CHAO PHRAYA (THAILAND) RIVERS CULTURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
Authors: Irawanti Asri , Darmoko Darmoko
Published: February 2022

Southeast Asia is a region consisting of the mainland and archipelago. Residents around inland waters, especially rivers, have a unique culture called river culture. One of the river cultures is a floating market that is found in several Southeast Asian countries. The floating market on the Chao Phraya River has been successfully developed as a leading tourism destination. Indonesia has a floating market on the Barito River which has great potential but has not been developed to its full potential. This study will discuss how to develop river culture tourism in Indonesia through a comparative study between the floating market on the Barito River, Indonesia and the Chao Phraya River, Thailand. This study uses a qualitative method based on the theory of cultural ecology. The analysis was carried out using the SWOT method. This research corpus uses the results of previous studies on river culture that developed in the Chao Phraya River, Thailand which is used as a comparison against the river culture in the Barito River. Secondary sources are taken from documentary film, traveler’s blog, books, and various publications related to this research. This study finds that the development of floating markets is in accordance with the theory of cultural ecology. Barito has unique culture that are combination of local and Islamic culture. However, the infrastructure, human resources quality, products and services has not well developed to gain sustainable local tourism community. Barito River floating market tourism development strategies can be applied through site selection, operating schedule arrangements, quality improvement and diversification of services offered, market organization, and hydration with other entertainment attractions. The development strategy must take into account the principles of sustainable cultural tourism development. In conclusion the development of floating market tourism on the Chao Phraya River can be an example for the development of floating markets on the Barito River.KEYWORDS: floating market, chao phraya river, barito river, tourism, development strategies
Corrigendum to "On the dimension of an Abelian group" [Notes on Number Theory and Discrete Mathematics, 2022, Volume 27, Number 4, Pages 267-275]
Authors:   Lulea University of Technology, Tossavainen Timo , Haukkanen Pentti ,   Faculty of Information Technology and Communication Sciences, Tampere University
Published: February 2022

Corrigendum to “On the dimension of an Abelian group” [Notes on Number Theory and Discrete Mathematics, 2021, Volume 27, Number 4, Pages 267—275]