bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Time-Series Forecasting and Sequence Learning Using Memristor-based Reservoir System
Authors: Zyarah Abdullah , Kudithipudi Dhireesha
Published: November 2024

Pushing the frontiers of time-series information processing in the ever-growing domain of edge devices with stringent resources has been impeded by the systems’ ability to process information and learn locally on the device. Local processing and learning of time-series information typically demand intensive computations and massive storage as the process involves retrieving information and tuning hundreds of parameters back in time. In this work, we developed a memristor-based echo state network accelerator that features efficient temporal data processing and
in situ
online learning. The proposed design is benchmarked using various datasets involving real-world tasks, such as forecasting the load energy consumption and weather conditions. The experimental results illustrate that the hardware model experiences a marginal degradation in performance as compared to the software counterpart. This is mainly attributed to the limited precision and dynamic range of network parameters when emulated using memristor devices. The proposed system is evaluated for lifespan, robustness, and energy-delay product. It is observed that the system demonstrates reasonable robustness for device failure below 10%, which may occur due to stuck-at faults. Furthermore, 247× reduction in energy consumption is achieved when compared to a custom CMOS digital design implemented at the same technology node.
CT-guided Coaxial Lung Biopsy: Number of Cores and Association with Complications
Authors: Kim Charissa R. , Sari Mehmet Ali , Grimaldi Elena , VanderLaan Paul A. , Brook Alexander , Brook Olga R.
Published: November 2024

In patients suspected of having lung cancer who underwent percutaneous CT-guided coaxial core biopsies, there was no evidence of an association between the number of samples obtained and any postprocedural complications.
Diagnostic Accuracy of CT for the Detection of Hepatic Steatosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Haghshomar Maryam , Antonacci Dominic , Smith Andrew D. , Thaker Sarang , Miller Frank H. , Borhani Amir A.
Published: November 2024

Noncontrast CT was a reliable method for detection of at least moderate hepatic steatosis (over 20%–33% fat at biopsy), with a pooled sensitivity and specificity of 82% and 94%, respectively.
Electrochemical Investigation of Symmetric Aminoquinones
Authors: Maier Janine , Yagmur Reyhan , Wickenhauser Dominik , Torvisco Ana , Kelterer Anne-Marie , Spirk Stefan
Published: November 2024

Quinones have a wide range of valuable properties and potential applications in medicinal chemistry, materials science, optoelectronic devices, and batteries. Molecular redesign using different functional groups, like amines, can optimize their properties and prevent undesired side reactions. However, the synthesis of aminoquinones can be particularly challenging at times, and there is a need for simple and efficient routes to access these compounds without metal catalysts or halogenated starting materials. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis and electrochemical characterization of a series of aminoquinones derived from renewable sources, namely vanillin or 2-methoxyhydroquinone. We employ a series of primary and secondary amines, varying in their electronic situation as well as steric demand. Depending on the type of starting material, either the desired aminoquinone or the related Schiff-base adduct was obtained. The aminoquinones were further explored towards their stability at different pH values. At extreme pH values, the deeply colored aminoquinones decompose, accompanied by decolorization of the solutions within a few minutes (pH 14) or hours (pH 1). At intermediate pH values (3–8) the aminoquinones are stable upon storage in solution, where they feature a quasi-reversible redox chemistry and fast, diffusion limited kinetics.
Editors’ Choice—The Butler-Volmer Equation Revisited: Effect of Metal Work Function on Electron Transfer Kinetics
Authors: Buckley D. Noel , Leddy Johna
Published: November 2024

We revisit the classical derivation of the Butler-Volmer equation to include the effect of the electrode metal. If the metal is replaced by one with a different work function, keeping other conditions in the electrode constant, the chemical potential of electrons

μ

e

and the Galvani potential

φ

change in a complementary manner. Changes in

μ

e

and

φ

each impact the free energies of activation of the forward and backward electron transfer reactions, so we modify the classical expressions which relate them to applied voltage E by including also the effect of

μ

e

.

Inserting these expressions in an Eyring-Polyani or Arrhenius type equation in the traditional way, we obtain a modified Butler-Volmer equation which expresses current density as a function of both

E

and

Δ

μ

e

.

The exchange current density

j

0

appears as an exponential function of

Δ

μ

e

.

For the work function

Φ

of the metal, the approximation

Δ

μ

e

≈
−
F
Δ
Φ

yields a linear relationship between

ln

j

0

and

Φ
.

The linear increase in

ln

j

0

with

Φ

has long been reported. We show two experimental examples: the aqueous Fe2+/Fe3+ couple with positive slope and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with parallel lines for the d and sp metals, both with positive slopes.
Fabrication of MoFe2O4/Cr-MOF//activated Carbon Nanocomposite Electrode Material for High Performance Energy Storage and Fast Response for Gluten Detection
Authors: Safdar Samia , Muzaffar Nimra , Afzal Amir Muhammad , Imran Muhammad , Iqbal Muhammad Waqas , Khalil Saba , Abdel-Maksoud Mostafa A. , Malik Abdul , Subhani Muhammad Waqas , Khan Mahrukh Saif , Mumtaz Sohail , Munaf Saikh Abdul
Published: November 2024

Gluten is a high-energy protein that is present in some grains, such as wheat, rye, and barley. It has a significant impact on the food production processes. In this work, the MoFe2O4/Cr-MOF composite was synthesized using a hydrothermal method. To estimate the electrochemical properties, the MoFe2O4/Cr-MOF composite-based electrode is designed, which shows the specific capacity (Qs) of 1050 Cg−1 at 3 mVs−1 because of the enhancement in redox-active sites and conductivity. The hybrid electrode MoFe2O4/Cr-MOF//AC revealed Qs of 337 Cg−1. In addition, the device demonstrated an exceptional energy density (Ed) of 55 Whkg−1 and a power density (Pd) of 2200 Wkg−1. The device showed capacity retention of 88% and Coulombic efficiency of 96% after 5000 cycles. Furthermore, the MoFe2O4/Cr-MOF composite is utilized for the detection of gliadin. The electrochemical sensor showed an extraordinary sensitivity of 732 μA mM−1 cm−2 against the gluten. The MoFe2O4/Cr-MOF nanocomposite has diverse potential for creating hybrid devices used in applications related to food and energy harvesting.
Adapting Homelessness Interventions for People Who Use Drugs or Alcohol in Montreal, Quebec: Service User Perspectives
Authors: Brais Hannah , Riva Mylene
Published: November 2024

Background: Under a housing affordability crisis, Montreal, Canada, is host to a growing homeless population. While people who use drugs or alcohol make up a large part of this group, homeless resources in the city continue to exclude them through sobriety rules or by not adapting programming to their specific needs. This systematic exclusion, and the conditions of these resources, can often be retraumatizing for individuals seeking help. Applying a trauma‐informed spaces of care framework, this research asks what are the needs of homeless individuals who use substances to exit homelessness? What are the current limits within homeless resources in Montreal to actualize these needs? How can they change to meet these needs?

Methods: In 2023, 30 semistructured interviews were conducted, with follow‐up at 3 months, with individuals who use drugs or alcohol currently experiencing homelessness. Transcribed interviews were analyzed in Nvivo.

Results: Findings called for serious reforms to homeless service provision, with an emphasis on more forms of harm reduction‐based programming, integrated occupational activities, improved psychosocial accompaniment, better division of service users, and alternative and adapted housing interventions for substance users. Most participants disclosed potentially traumatic life experiences, highlighting the need for trauma‐informed programming.

Conclusion: Allowing individuals to articulate their needs and desires for programming demonstrates that this group recognizes the inadequacy of services and identifies the homeless resource as a site of potential traumatization. While the recommendations of people with living experience of homelessness and substance use articulate promising practices in substance use recovery, as well as homelessness service provision, homeless service providers are slow to adapt their programming accordingly.
Occurrence of Fusarium Species and Determination of Their Toxins From Poultry Feeds During Storage
Authors: Gherbawy Youssuf A. , Altalhi Abdullah , Ioan Pet , El‐Dawy Eman G. A. M.
Published: November 2024

At a global scale, grains and poultry feeds are the primary sources of feed. Due to their considerable significance, any fungi capable of infecting these feedstuffs can pose a threat to both food safety and security. Fusarium spp. are a highly significant group of organisms. Fumonisins (FBs), deoxynivalenol (DON), trichothecene (T‐2), and zearalenone (ZEN) are classifications of mycotoxins that are synthesized by Fusarium species. Their presence is associated with a range of factors that occur during growth, processing, and storage. We have recorded the high occurrence of Fusarium spp. in grains and poultry feeds in all tested samples. Fusarium (F) oxysporum was the most common species that appeared in all tested two hundred samples. FB1 was the predominant toxin that appeared with the highest concentration in 56 pellet samples with the range of 10.34–1043 μg/kg. Also, it occurred with levels of 4.67–956 μg/kg in the tested ingredients samples. Fusarium verticillioides isolates were the highest producers of FB1. Fusarium spp. isolates showed positive FB1 production with 84.6%, 82.5%, 82.2%, and 78.1%, isolated from pellet feed samples that were collected from Alhassa, Jeddah, Qassim, and Riyadh, respectively. 31.6%, 76.9%, 23.1%, 83.3%, and 88% of tested Fusarium spp. strains exhibited FB1 production in samples of barley, corn, sorghum, soybean, and wheat bran, respectively, with the range of 18–655 μg/kg. Genes responsible for FB1, DON, T‐2, and ZEN production were detected in the Fusarium spp. isolates.
Thermal Analysis of MHD‐Modified Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Inside Convergent/Divergent Channel With Heat Generation/Absorption and Viscous‐Ohmic Dissipation
Authors: Ullah Subhan , J. Algahtani Obaid , Ali Amir
Published: November 2024

Enhancing heat transfer efficiency and understanding fluid behavior in complex engineering systems is quite challenging. Here, we examine the rate of heat transfer of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of a modified hybrid nanofluid between two convergent/divergent (CD) channels, considering viscous dissipation, ohmic heating, along with heat production and absorption. The spherical form of nanoparticle provides a basis for dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity. The transformed ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are solved numerically. The behavior of various physical parameters particularly channel angel (α),  magnetic parameter (M),  heat source (Hs), and Eckert number (Ec) are stimulated. It is revealed that the velocity behavior is opposite for magnetic strength while temperature increases as the Ec increases for both CD channels. The tetra hybrid nanofluid improves the rate of heat transfer up to 16.783% as compared to the traditional fluid.
Laser Atherectomy and Restenting of the Superficial Femoral Artery Using GORE VIABAHN Endoprosthesis Following Failure of Both Bare‐Metal Stenting and Surgical Revascularization
Authors: Khawer Ahmed , Diaz Claro F.
Published: November 2024

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) affects more than 230 million adults worldwide. Revascularization via angioplasty is a common method to manage stenosis in the superficial femoral artery (SFA). In‐stent restenosis, however, is a common complication in endovascular interventions, especially in the SFA. Here, we present a case that involves recanalization of the SFA in a patient with a previously occluded stent and failed surgical revascularization. This patient initially presented with an occluded SFA which was stented. Four years later, the stent was reoccluded and surgical endarterectomy of the artery was performed with partial removal of the stent. Ten years later, the SFA is again occluded. Recanalization of the SFA using laser atherectomy and restenting of the occluded stent with GORE VIABAHN endoprosthesis was performed successfully. The combination of such methods is a suitable way to manage chronic lesions and minimize restenosis in patients with PAD.
Development of Modified Temporal Safety Performance Function Considering Various Time Flows
Authors: Sung Yeji , Kim Seunghwan , Park Juneyoung , Wang Ling
Published: November 2024

Safety performance functions (SPFs) have become valuable tools for estimating the relationships between crashes and various causal factors when constructing crash‐prediction models. However, the commonly used independent variable, the annual average daily traffic (AADT) is data on a yearly basis, which has limitations in capturing the temporal characteristics of traffic flows influenced by the passage of time. Accordingly, there have also been many studies using 15 min data to reflect real‐time, which is an important time unit to understand changes in highway traffic flow. However, such a short time unit has the limitation of high instability and randomness. In light of this, this study recognizes the importance of the 15 min time interval and proposes a new approach by developing a modified hourly model that aggregates data at fine‐grained 15 min intervals (00, 15, 30, and 45 min, both at the beginning and end), instead of the traditional hourly data that starts and ends at the peak of each hour to compensate for the existing limitations. The analysis focused on South Korea’s nationwide highways, and models were developed based on both statistical and machine‐learning approaches to compare their performances for selecting the final model. Additionally, a modified temporal SPF is introduced to predict crashes by assigning weights based on a Dirichlet distribution to models with overlapping time intervals aggregated in 15 min increments. This innovative approach overcomes the limitations of existing 15 min models, where the number of crashes is too small for effective training if the model is simply developed by dividing the time. The anticipated outcome is that the proposed model will demonstrate excellent performance and serve as an effective tool for predicting highway crash risks.
Solutions of Bessel’s Differential Equations by Variable Change Method
Authors: Anley Beyalfew , Gusu Daba Meshesha , Nigussie Tolosa
Published: November 2024

In this article, the solutions of Bessel’s differential equations (DEs) by variable change method are formulated. To do so, we have considered the first and second kind of Bessel’s functions which are obtained as solutions of Bessel’s equations and it is used to determine the solutions of the lengthening pendulum (LP). To solve the given equations, we have used Frobenius theorem and the gamma function and hence, apply the obtained results to solve the LP. The finding reveals that Bessel’s functions establish the solutions of LP equations. The solutions obtained for lengthening the pendulum are illustrated graphically using the computer software of MathLab. The graphical results show that the sinusoidal wave natures are compressed or extended based on the chosen parameter k. Finally, it is concluded that the obtained method gives an effective, efficient, and systematic method.
Supplementary Figure S9 from Durvalumab ± Tremelimumab + Platinum-Etoposide in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer (CASPIAN): Outcomes by PD-L1 Expression and Tissue Tumor Mutational Burden
Authors: Paz-Ares Luis , Garassino Marina Chiara , Chen Yuanbin , Reinmuth Niels , Hotta Katsuyuki , Poltoratskiy Artem , Trukhin Dmytro , Hochmair Maximilian J. , Özgüroğlu Mustafa , Ji Jun Ho , Statsenko Galina , Conev Nikolay , Bondarenko Igor , Havel Libor , Losonczy György , Xie Mingchao , Lai Zhongwu , Godin-Heymann Nadia , Mann Helen , Jiang Haiyi , Shrestha Yashaswi , Goldman Jonathan W.
Published: November 2024

Distribution of tTMB scores by treatment arm in the tTMB BEP.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Durvalumab ± Tremelimumab + Platinum-Etoposide in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer (CASPIAN): Outcomes by PD-L1 Expression and Tissue Tumor Mutational Burden
Authors: Paz-Ares Luis , Garassino Marina Chiara , Chen Yuanbin , Reinmuth Niels , Hotta Katsuyuki , Poltoratskiy Artem , Trukhin Dmytro , Hochmair Maximilian J. , Özgüroğlu Mustafa , Ji Jun Ho , Statsenko Galina , Conev Nikolay , Bondarenko Igor , Havel Libor , Losonczy György , Xie Mingchao , Lai Zhongwu , Godin-Heymann Nadia , Mann Helen , Jiang Haiyi , Shrestha Yashaswi , Goldman Jonathan W.
Published: November 2024

Sample flow for biomarker analysis.
Table 2 from Intraoperative Guidance of Pancreatic Cancer Resection Using a Toll-like Receptor 2–Targeted Fluorescence Molecular Imaging Agent
Authors: Huynh Amanda S. , Cohen Allison S. , Doligalski Michael , Casagni Todd J. , Moberg Valerie E. , Huang Xuan , Morse Jennifer , Abrahams Dominique , Lloyd Mark C. , Centeno Barbara A. , Baldwin Margaret K. , McLaughlin Mark L. , Vagner Josef , Morse David L.
Published: November 2024

Outcomes for the different types of pancreatic cancer surgical resections
Figure S7 from Intraoperative Guidance of Pancreatic Cancer Resection Using a Toll-like Receptor 2–Targeted Fluorescence Molecular Imaging Agent
Authors: Huynh Amanda S. , Cohen Allison S. , Doligalski Michael , Casagni Todd J. , Moberg Valerie E. , Huang Xuan , Morse Jennifer , Abrahams Dominique , Lloyd Mark C. , Centeno Barbara A. , Baldwin Margaret K. , McLaughlin Mark L. , Vagner Josef , Morse David L.
Published: November 2024

In vivo fluorescence molecular tomographic images of TLR2L-800 labeled SU.86.86 orthotopic pancreatic tumors in nude mice 24 h post-surgery.
Figure S6 from Intraoperative Guidance of Pancreatic Cancer Resection Using a Toll-like Receptor 2–Targeted Fluorescence Molecular Imaging Agent
Authors: Huynh Amanda S. , Cohen Allison S. , Doligalski Michael , Casagni Todd J. , Moberg Valerie E. , Huang Xuan , Morse Jennifer , Abrahams Dominique , Lloyd Mark C. , Centeno Barbara A. , Baldwin Margaret K. , McLaughlin Mark L. , Vagner Josef , Morse David L.
Published: November 2024

Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of 100 nmol/kg TLR2L-800 in an SU.86.86 orthotopic human pancreatic cancer xenograft mouse model.
Figure S4 from Intraoperative Guidance of Pancreatic Cancer Resection Using a Toll-like Receptor 2–Targeted Fluorescence Molecular Imaging Agent
Authors: Huynh Amanda S. , Cohen Allison S. , Doligalski Michael , Casagni Todd J. , Moberg Valerie E. , Huang Xuan , Morse Jennifer , Abrahams Dominique , Lloyd Mark C. , Centeno Barbara A. , Baldwin Margaret K. , McLaughlin Mark L. , Vagner Josef , Morse David L.
Published: November 2024

In vitro TLR2-negative agonist activity control.
Figure S3 from Intraoperative Guidance of Pancreatic Cancer Resection Using a Toll-like Receptor 2–Targeted Fluorescence Molecular Imaging Agent
Authors: Huynh Amanda S. , Cohen Allison S. , Doligalski Michael , Casagni Todd J. , Moberg Valerie E. , Huang Xuan , Morse Jennifer , Abrahams Dominique , Lloyd Mark C. , Centeno Barbara A. , Baldwin Margaret K. , McLaughlin Mark L. , Vagner Josef , Morse David L.
Published: November 2024

Optical characterization of TLR2L-800.
Figure 3 from Intraoperative Guidance of Pancreatic Cancer Resection Using a Toll-like Receptor 2–Targeted Fluorescence Molecular Imaging Agent
Authors: Huynh Amanda S. , Cohen Allison S. , Doligalski Michael , Casagni Todd J. , Moberg Valerie E. , Huang Xuan , Morse Jennifer , Abrahams Dominique , Lloyd Mark C. , Centeno Barbara A. , Baldwin Margaret K. , McLaughlin Mark L. , Vagner Josef , Morse David L.
Published: November 2024

Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of 100 nmol/kg TLR2L-800 in an orthotopic human pancreatic cancer xenograft mouse model. A, Representative images from one animal that include an in vivo presurgery FMT image showing fluorescence in the region of the pancreas (white arrow), an in vivo 3D ultrasound image of the tumor, ex vivo fluorescence overlay and reflectance images of the resected tumor using the SurgVision and IVIS imaging systems, H&E staining showing the presence of tumor surrounded by normal tissue, and IHC staining of TLR2 expression in the tumor. B, The corresponding image sequence of tumor-free pancreas tissue is shown for a nontumor-bearing no-surgery mouse. C, Representative ex vivo fluorescence images, acquired using the SurgVision MSNI open air platform, of resected pancreatic tumors, pancreas, kidneys, and liver 24 hours postinjection are shown (n = 4). D, Graph shows the mean quantified ex vivo fluorescence in tumors and organs at 24 hours postinjection (n = 4 mice). Asterisks indicate significance: *, P < 0.01; **, P < 0.05.
Figure 1 from Intraoperative Guidance of Pancreatic Cancer Resection Using a Toll-like Receptor 2–Targeted Fluorescence Molecular Imaging Agent
Authors: Huynh Amanda S. , Cohen Allison S. , Doligalski Michael , Casagni Todd J. , Moberg Valerie E. , Huang Xuan , Morse Jennifer , Abrahams Dominique , Lloyd Mark C. , Centeno Barbara A. , Baldwin Margaret K. , McLaughlin Mark L. , Vagner Josef , Morse David L.
Published: November 2024

In vitro human TLR ligand selectivity. Unlabeled TLR2L (shown in purple) and the fluorescent-labeled version, TLR2L-800, (shown in green) underwent agonist activity screening for the human TLRs to determine selectivity: (A) TLR2, (B) TLR3, (C) TLR4, (D) TLR5, (E) TLR7, (F) TLR8, and (G) TLR9. Known agonist ligands for each TLR were used as positive controls (shown in blue; n = 3 assays per TLR).
Nail Clubbing: A Dermatologic Window into Underlying Systemic Disease – an All of Us Study
Authors: Desir Noelle , Lipner Shari R.
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Nail clubbing is defined as distal phalanx thickening resulting in a bulbous appearance of the digit. We aimed to describe non-pulmonary medical conditions associated with nail clubbing using a cross-sectional approach. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the All of Us Research Program, identifying nail clubbing patients by ICD-10-CM and/or SNOMED code. Nail clubbing patients with pulmonary disease (cases) were compared to nail clubbing patients without pulmonary disease (controls). Fisher’s exact test/Pearson’s χ2 test analyzed categorical variables. Independent two-sample t tests analyzed continuous variables. Odds ratios (ORs) were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics. Results: In total, 85 participants had nail clubbing, of which 63.53% had a pulmonary disease versus 36.47% of controls. Overall, across both cases and controls, 22% of patients had chronic liver disease, 17% hypothyroidism, 8% HIV infection, and 5% Graves’ disease/hyperthyroidism. Male versus female patients with nail clubbing had decreased odds of having concurrent respiratory disease diagnosis (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.14–0.92, p = 0.03). Conclusion: Greater than one-third of patients had nail clubbing associated with a non-pulmonary systemic disease, and a significant proportion were male. Consideration of a broad differential of pathologies associated with nail clubbing is needed to initiate workup and make appropriate screening referrals.
Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI): aspectos teórico-metodológicos e estudos de caso em arqueologia
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, Kormikiari Maria Cristina Nicolau , Porto Vagner Carvalheiro ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, Hora Juliana Figueira da ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, Rodrigues Guilherme Diogo ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, Mendes Jessica Silva ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, Moura Cleberson Henrique de ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, Palmuti Thaisy Nogueira ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, Guedes Carolina Machado ,   Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, SP, Paillet Patrick ,   Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle: Paris, France, Robert Eric ,   Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle: Paris, France, Wesolowski Veronica ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho que chega ao público brasileiro, feito a muitas mãos, tem o intuito de apresentar e discutir a técnica conhecida como Reflectance Transformation Imaging, ou mais popularmente chamada de RTI. Tendo pouco mais de duas décadas de existência, essa técnica ainda é novidade em muitos circuitos acadêmicos do mundo todo. No Brasil, o trabalho que vimos desenvolvendo no Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia da Universidade de São Paulo vem abrindo espaço e permitindo que centros acadêmicos do país todo travem contato com essa nova tecnologia de observação e análise de materiais de cunho histórico-arqueológico. Como veremos ao longo deste livro, o RTI é um recurso que expande a capacidade humana natural de visualizar as superfícies dos objetos, permitindo formas de visualizações que não seriam possíveis a olho nu ou mesmo com técnicas fotográficas convencionais. Poderá ser percebido pelos leitores que se trata também de uma técnica simples, não muito cara, fácil de se realizar e que provoca resultados muito significativos. Esta obra é uma espécie de manual para uso e aplicação da técnica de RTI, que apresenta e explica aspectos teórico-conceituais que norteiam a técnica. O RTI provou ser uma ferramenta poderosa e acessível para a análise de objetos históricos e arqueológicos, e sua adoção em mais projetos poderá revelar ainda mais descobertas significativas.
O jogo épico de Grace Passô como comentário crítico a sua personagem em Praça Paris
Authors: Bordinhon Eduardo
Published: November 2024

Este texto analisa o jogo da atriz Grace Passô no filme Praça Paris (Lúcia Murat, 2018) Pretende-se verificar como Passô subverte a qualidade naturalista que rege o jogo do restante do elenco do filme, produzindo um distanciamento crítico a respeito de sua personagem e das circunstâncias sociais em que ela está inserida. Dessa forma, a atriz rompe com um dos estereótipos construídos para representar mulheres negras no cinema brasileiro e propõe, por meio de um gesto autoral, um novo olhar sobre a personagem que interpreta.
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Modulates Voluntary Task-order Coordination in Dual-task Situations
Authors: Kübler Sebastian , Langsdorf Leif , Meyer Marlene , Schubert Torsten
Published: November 2024

Dual tasks (DTs) require additional control processes that temporally coordinate the processing of the two component tasks. Previous studies employing imaging as well as noninvasive stimulation techniques have demonstrated that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is causally involved in these task-order coordination processes. However, in these studies, participants were instructed to match their processing order to an externally provided and mandatory order criterion during DT processing. Hence, it is still unknown whether the dlPFC is also recruited for rather voluntary order control processes, which are required in situations that allow for intentional and internally generated order choices. To address this issue, in two experiments, we applied anodal (Experiment 1) and cathodal (Experiment 2) transcranial direct current stimulation during a random-order DT in which participants could freely decide about their order of task processing. In our results, we found facilitatory and inhibitory effects on voluntary task-order coordination because of anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation, respectively. This was indicated by shorter RTs when participants intentionally switched the task order relative to the preceding trial during anodal as well as a reduced tendency to switch the task order relative to the preceding trial during cathodal stimulation compared with the sham stimulation. Overall, these findings indicate that the dlPFC is also causally involved in voluntary task-order coordination processes. In particular, we argue that the dlPFC is recruited for intentionally updating and implementing task-order information that is necessary for scheduling the processing of two temporally overlapping tasks.
Multivariate dynamics of Ecuadorian public universities and their research trends, according to Web of Science (pre-COVID period)
Authors: Peralta Gamboa Dennis Alfredo , Álvarez-Muñoz Patricio , Pacheco-Olea Fernando Erasmo , Aviles Valenzuela Angelo Marcos
Published: November 2024

This study investigates research trends in Ecuadorian public universities by analyzing 1,826 Web of Science articles from the pre-COVID-19 period (2015–2018). Using the HJ-biplot method for graphical representation, correlations between universities and research areas are examined. The findings highlight marked regional differences: in Coast-East, research is concentrated in Education and Social Sciences, led by the University of Guayaquil, while, in the Highlands, there is a focus on Engineering and Chemistry, with the National Polytechnic School as a pioneer. These differences reflect the need for research strategies adapted to each regional context. In addition, changes are observed in the research areas of institutions such as the Higher Polytechnic School of Chimborazo and the Technical University of Machala. This study underscores the importance of developing differentiated research policies in Ecuador, appropriate to the strengths and needs of each region, and provides a basis for strategic planning in the academic and scientific areas of the country.
Mighty Eagles and Mercenaries: Existentialism and War in Ghāda al-Sammān’s Early Short Stories
Authors: Columbu Alessandro
Published: November 2024

This article looks at the existentialist nature of Ghāda al-Sammān’s early short stories, with a particular focus on her very first collection, Aynāka qadarī (Your eyes are my destiny), published in 1962. Ghāda al-Sammān was born in Syria and widely celebrated for her novelistic career: this article gives centrality to two of her early short stories as they present narratives that intricately weave individual and collective struggles within the context of the Algerian war of independence. Analysing the interplay between overarching Arab causes, feminism and existential themes, this study explores the nuanced portrayal of characters grappling with the complexities of war, morality and personal redemption. The protagonists, often embodying dichotomous perspectives, symbolize dignity and barbarism, echoing existentialist principles. The article examines how al-Samman’s youthful perspective and Sartrean influences shape the narratives, offering readers a unique lens into the psychological and moral dimensions of conflict. By unravelling layers of existential struggle and political engagement, this analysis sheds light on the richness and relevance of al-Samman’s early works within the broader literary and philosophical landscape.
Managing Climate Change at the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Butrint, Albania
Authors: Hodges Richard , Prince† David
Published: November 2024

The UN’s panel on climate change identified the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Butrint, Albania, as vulnerable to sea-level changes in the coming decades. This article summarises the site’s history and environment before considering new institutional developments to manage Butrint as a major tourist destination. It also considers the challenges posed by the prospect of subsidence caused by tectonic events and climate change. The article considers appropriate mitigation strategies made possible by the Albanian government’s policy of instituting a new management authority at Butrint.
The Power of Trial History: How Previous Trial Shapes Audiovisual Integration
Authors: Tang Xiaoyu , Liu Wanlong , Wu Yingnan , Ren Rongxia , Sun Jiaying , Yang Jiajia , Wang Aijun , Zhang Ming
Published: November 2024

Combining information from visual and auditory modalities to form a unified and coherent perception is known as audiovisual integration. Audiovisual integration is affected by many factors. However, it remains unclear whether the trial history can influence audiovisual integration. We used a target–target paradigm to investigate how the target modality and spatial location of the previous trial affect audiovisual integration under conditions of divided-modalities attention (Experiment 1) and modality-specific selective attention (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, we found that audiovisual integration was enhanced in the repeat locations compared with switch locations. Audiovisual integration was the largest following the auditory targets compared to following the visual and audiovisual targets. In Experiment 2, where participants were asked to focus only on visual, we found that the audiovisual integration effect was larger in the repeat location trials than switch location trials only when the audiovisual target was presented in the previous trial. The present results provide the first evidence that trial history can have an effect on audiovisual integration. The mechanisms of trial history modulating audiovisual integration are discussed. Future examining of audiovisual integration should carefully manipulate experimental conditions based on the effects of trial history.
Influence of previous drought exposure on the 3D microstructure of the cambium and developing xylem in Eucalyptus clones: An X-ray CT investigation
Authors: Schoeman Letitia , Drew David M.
Published: November 2024

In plant biology research, X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been demonstrated to be useful for studying the complex tissues of trees qualitatively and quantitatively. The cambium plays a very important role in plant growth and development. However, this tissue is relatively poorly studied due to its complex nature and its localization between layers of xylem and phloem cells. Antecedent environmental conditions may have a substantial impact on plant responses to drought and recovery dynamics. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of previous drought exposure on the 3D microstructure of two commercial Eucalyptus clones by monitoring the development of the cambium, in the same plant and same area of cambial tissue, during a 4-week trial consisting of well-watered, mild drought, severe drought, and rewatering phases. To track microstructural changes, the plants were imaged weekly with non-destructive X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT). On the last day of the experiment, X-ray nano-CT was also performed. Our results indicate that trees subjected to earlier well-watered conditions were more affected by the severe drought, compared to those previously exposed to mild drought conditions. Thus, previous exposure to water deficit may provide the benefit of increased drought tolerance during future water deficit. Previous mild drought exposure can facilitate morphological adjustments, which potentially enhances drought tolerance during subsequent drought events.
The Abolition of Exequatur Proceedings: Speeding up the Free Movement of Judgments While Preserving the Rights of the Defense
Authors: de Cristofaro Marco
Published: November 2024

The author addresses the proposal of abolition of exequatur in Europe in civil and commercial matters, aimed at further enhancing the free movement of judgments within the European judicial area. The first step is an in-depth description of the system of enforcement of judgments among the Sister States of the U.S., where a specific registration proceedings is still necessary, in order to enforce a State or federal judgment outside the jurisdiction where it has been rendered, notwithstanding the full-faith-and-credit clause of the U.S. Constitution. The proposal of abolition of exequatur goes well beyond the degree of integration which has been achieved within the U.S., but above all it implies a complete trust in the judiciary of the Member States which is not supported by case-law of the last decade (Krombach, Pordea, Maronier, Eurofood, Gambazzi, D’Hoker). The scrutiny in the State of enforcement about the compliance of the proceedings in the State of origin with fair trial requirements may not be suppressed, then, both because it ensures the protection of rights enshrined in the ECHR, and because only the “outsider’s look” guarantees that the flaws of the relevant procedural law are detected. The Author welcomes then the most recent proposal of reform of Brussels I Regulation, according to which the abolition of the intermediate exequatur procedure goes along with the possibility to invoke the grounds for non recognition before the court of the Member State of enforcement by way of an appeal against enforcement.
Espacios Comunes, Contradicciones no Asumibles y Fórmulas de Racionalización
Authors: Cuadrado Pía Calderón
Published: November 2024

There is a curious phenomenon that is being developed within political integration models such as the one which is the basis of the European Union, a paradigmatic case. We can refer to that phenomenon as “normative alliance, dissimilar application”. The latter aspect emerges as a result of the existence of several centers of judicial adjudication which are in similar position to interpret community law. This dissimilar application of previously harmonized regulations can produce contradictions which are difficult to justify and, sometimes, almost impossible to accept (both for the legal system itself, and for the citizen who is demanding an answer from the Judiciary). A dialogical mentality, understood as a rationalization formula, can be considered a key instrument to face the lack or insufficiency of mechanisms to deal with the aforementioned phenomenon. At the same time, and for the very same reason, this instrument demands theoretical exploration. Departing from a concrete example taken from the international human rights arena, one can be led towards the European justice system and the harmonization (or, at least, approximation) of different regulations therein. In a context characterized by the existence of 27 jurisdictions that apply both national and community law, dialogue among courts of justice appears an interesting resource to be considered in order to strengthen the efficacy of the law and to avoid fragmentation and dissimilar applications of the same rules of law. We should not discard harmonization opportunities that go beyond legislative power.
L’Arbitre D’Urgence, un Objet Juridique non Identifié
Authors: Loquin Eric
Published: November 2024

The new Rules of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce provide the parties with the possibility of calling an emergency arbitrator for the purpose of obtaining preliminary and protective measures before the arbitral tribunal begins. The ICC Rules have qualified this procedure as contractual even though other arbitral institutions have considered this a judicial procedure. In both cases, the emergency arbitrator lacks authority and may not bind the parties with his rulings. In numerous state court systems, his rulings do not constitute a judgment because they are not decisions on the merits. As an atypical institution, the emergency arbitrator is thus nothing but a deception, the product of a current trend that sacrifices everything to arbitration.
Notes Sur L’Indépendance des Juges à L’Épreuve des Technologies de L’Information et de la Communication
Authors: Mekki Soraya Amrani
Published: November 2024

Does the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) put judicial independence at risk ? While this question might have sounded excessive a few years ago, today it appears to be serious enough to have brought about new deontological obligations, an opinion held by the Consultative Council of European Judges and a number of projects working towards a code of good practice. As a matter of fact, ICT provide formidable assistance to judicial work, but they could also influence judgments and ‘dry up’ the reflections of judges for the sake of enhanced productivity.
Personal Jurisdiction Over Foreign Companies: New Developments in us Law
Authors: Borchers Patrick J.
Published: November 2024

The US Constitution allows for jurisdiction over non-resident defendants who have ‘minimum contacts’ with the forum. While foreign corporations view the US as a common market, the 50 states are jurisdictionally independent. Thus, for foreign corporations, jurisdiction depends on having minimum contacts with the forum state. US courts distinguish between two types of contacts-based jurisdiction. Specific jurisdiction requires contacts related to the cause of action and even a single purposeful contact can support jurisdiction. General jurisdiction is based upon contacts unrelated to the cause of action and the contacts must be ‘continuous and systematic’. In 2011, the US Supreme Court issued two important opinions, each finding a lack of personal jurisdiction over foreign corporate defendants in products liability actions. In one case, the product caused harm in the forum, and thus was a specific jurisdiction case. In that case, the Supreme Court attempted to clarify its ‘stream of commerce’ test, but could not agree upon a rationale. A majority of the Justices, however, concluded that the foreign defendant had not targeted the forum state and thus rejected jurisdiction. In the other, the product caused harm abroad, and thus jurisdiction rested on unrelated sales in the forum state. The Justices unanimously rejected jurisdiction, finding unrelated sales insufficient to make the defendant ‘at home’ in the forum. While each decision leaves questions unanswered, foreign corporations hoping to avoid US courts are best served by compartmentalising their operations, either using independent distributors or creating US subsidiaries that have a distinct corporate identity.
The Urgent Need for Harmonisation of the Application of Foreign Laws by National Authorities in Europe
Authors: Monzonís Carmen Azcárraga
Published: November 2024

Since the European Union was granted legislative competence to deal with private international law issues, several EU Regulations have been adopted that govern the scope of applicable law on several matters (contracts, maintenance, divorce...). The universal nature of these instruments can lead to the application of foreign laws. However, this matter has not been harmonised yet. This article argues that the current divergence in the way domestic systems apply foreign laws seriously undermines the efficacy of applicable law Regulations, such that there is an urgent need of harmonisation in this respect.
Analyse Comparative / Comparative Perspectives
Authors: Sorabji John
Published: November 2024

This article concerns the processes available in English and Welsh civil procedure through which evidence is obtained prior to trial. It provides an account of both the compulsory and voluntary pre-issue processes for exchange of documentary evidence between parties to putative litigation. It then goes on to outline the trans-substantive nature of documentary disclosure post-issue; a process that was subject to structured reform in 1999 and again in 2013 to ensure that the extent of such disclosure is linked to the nature and value of the dispute. Finally, it looks at the process through which witness evidence that would once only have been given at trial is available in the form of written statements exchanged by the parties during the pre-trial phase of litigation. It notes how this differs from the deposition process in US litigation, while setting out how a form of deposition process plays a limited role in securing witness evidence for trial.
Complexity, Proportionality and the ‘Pan-Procedural Approach’
Authors: Arenhart Sérgio Cruz , Osna Gustavo
Published: November 2024

This article explores some contemporary issues related to civil procedure (and to its crisis) as the basis to present an alternative we call the ‘pan-procedural approach’. In this sense, it is composed of two different parts. The first introduces some aspects associated with the changes of functions and goals that adjudication has recently passed through, increasing its complexity. In the second, we observe the principle of proportionality as a landmark that brings us to the ‘pan-procedural’ analysis, showing that this tool can have an important role in warding off litigation crises. In sum, we perceive that the complexity of contemporary civil litigation is largely higher than it used to be, raising challenges that are also wider. And, even though it is clear that no isolated tool can enable the deconstruction of these barriers, we believe that the ‘pan-procedural’ approach can contribute to the achievement of this goal – by adding important features to judicial management and to adjudication.
Managing Civil Conciliation Cases by Summary Courts
Authors: International Journal of Procedural Editors
Published: November 2024

This paper presents the results of a research project aimed at enhancing the Japanese civil conciliation system. Some reforms are proposed, taking account of several elements: historical background, comparative experience of court-annexed ADR, statistical data (gathered through accurate empirical research) and the assessment of the current situation regarding civil conciliation in Japan.
The Ideal Court of Last Resort
Authors: Mitidiero Daniel
Published: November 2024

This essay analyses a model of an ideal court of last resort according to its function and to the effects of its decisions. Such ideal supreme court depends upon the understanding of a contemporary theory of legal interpretation.
Analyse Comparative / Comparative Perspectives
Authors: Badr Yehya Ikram Ibrahim
Published: November 2024

This article focuses on a recent decision, dated 24 March 2014, of the Egyptian Court of Cassation on the enforcement of a forum selection clause. The decision allows the enforcement of forum selection clauses if the dispute can be arbitrated under Egyptian law. The decision also stipulates that the procedural validity of a forum selection clause is a condition precedent for enforcing the clause. The decision decisively establishes that a dispute must be of an international character and that the chosen forum has a substantial relationship with the dispute as a condition precedent for enforcing forum selection clauses. Unfortunately, the Egyptian Court of Cassation did not adopt a clear criterion for establishing a dispute’s international quality and did not explain how Egyptian courts should determine the substantial relationship. Nonetheless, the Court has expressed its willingness to enforce forum selection clauses.
La protection provisoire dans les procès civils anglais, français, grec et européen: notions et conditions d’ouverture
Authors: Mouzaki Dionysia
Published: November 2024

Provisional relief aims to ease the inconvenience of civil proceedings, including complexity and slowness. However, it must not become a tool only for the acceleration and simplification of ordinary procedures; it must also offer a secure legal framework. A minimum degree of legal harmonisation of the conditions to exercise provisional jurisdiction appears necessary if taking into account of the wide diversity of interim measures and the implementation of the new European instruments.