bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence and risk factors for herpes simplex virus type 2 seroconversion among pregnant women in Uganda: A prospective study
Authors: Nakubulwa Sarah , Kaye Dan K , Bwanga Freddie , Tumwesigye Nazarius Mbona , Nakku-Joloba Edith , Mirembe Florence M
Published: October 2016

Introduction: Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) acquired during pregnancy is associated with adverse outcomes such as perinatal HSV-2 transmission. HSV-2 seroconversion occurs within four weeks of HSV-2 acquisition. There was neither documented incidence nor risk factors for HSV-2 seroconversion during pregnancy in Uganda. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors for HSV-2 seroconversion among pregnant women in Mulago Hospital, Uganda. Methodology: A prospective study of 200 consenting HSV-2-negative women between 26 and 28 weeks of gestation was done between November 2013 and October 2014. HSV-2 serostatus was determined using HerpeSelect HSV-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect socio-demographic characteristics and sexual history. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serostatus was obtained from antenatal records. A total of 191 women completed follow-up and repeat HSV-2 serology by 38 weeks. Negative binomial regression analysis was used to estimate risk ratios for risk factors for HSV-2 seroconversion. Results: Of 191 women, 15 (7.9%) seroconverted during pregnancy. Having multiple sexual partners, being in polygamous unions, and having HIV-positive serostatus were found to be risk factors for HSV-2 seroconversion. Conclusions: The incidence of HSV-2 seroconversion during pregnancy in Uganda was high. Multiple sexual partners, polygamy, and HIV-positive serostatus were risk factors for HSV-2 seroconversion during pregnancy. Strengthening health education on the avoidance of multiple sexual partners during pregnancy is paramount in prevention of HSV-2 seroconversion.
Clinical evolution of cerebral coenurosis from invasive to chronic infection in sheep and a goat
Authors: Evangelisti Maria Antonietta , Varcasia Antonio , Deiana Roberta , Zobba Rosanna , Sanna Passino Eraldo , Scala Antonio , Melosu Valentino , Pipia Anna Paola , Tamponi Claudia , Manunta Maria Lucia
Published: October 2016

This survey describes the evolution in vivo of Coenurus cerebralis in small ruminants. At presentation, neurological signs and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) features were suggestive of multifocal or diffuse inflammatory reaction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) captured the transition between the invasive and quiescent phase of the infection, revealing the concurrent presence of meningitis and small cysts. During the quiescent phase, in all animals, neurological symptoms disappeared, and cerebrospinal fluid was unremarkable while cysts grew progressively. Subsequently, the onset of neurological symptoms coincided with MRI signs of diffuse or localized increase of intracranial pressure, as confirmed by direct intracranial pressure measuring. All the animals had an excellent post-surgical recovery. This is the first report describing the evolution of coenurosis in vivo. Sequential imaging allowed describing interesting such as the death of some coenuri and different parasite growth rate in the same host.
Cigarette Smoking and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Kamceva Gordana , Arsova-Sarafinovska Zorica , Ruskovska Tatjana , Zdravkovska Milka , Kamceva-Panova Lidija , Stikova Elisaveta
Published: October 2016

AIM: To determine whether cigarette smoking, as a risk factor for CAD, affects oxidative stress.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included patients with CAD divided according to smoking status and number of cigarettes smoked during a whole day. In all subjects were examined biological markers of oxidative stress (concentration of oxidants and activity of antioxidant enzymes).RESULTS: The study included 300 patients with CAD, with an average age of 62.97 Â± 11.18 years, with a predominance of males. Of the total, 34.0% were active smokers, and 43.0% were non-smokers. The number of the most active smokers smoked cigarettes 1-20/day. In terms of concentration of oxidants (MDA and HP) it has not proved a significant difference between smokers versus non-smokers. Over the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and GPX) statistically significant difference was found in the activity of GPX and among active smokers with CAD and non-smokers with CAD (p = 0.039).CONCLUSION:Smoking as a risk factor for CAD is closely associated with increased oxidative stress and the number of cigarettes smoked plays an important role in increasing the level of oxidative damage and reduced antioxidant defence.AIM: To determine whether cigarette smoking, as a risk factor for CAD, affects (anti)oxidant status.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included patients with CAD, divided according to their smoking status and the number of cigarettes smoked during a day. Biological markers of oxidative stress (concentration of oxidants and activity of antioxidant enzymes) were measured in all subjects.RESULTS: The study included 300 patients with CAD, (average age of 63 Â± 11 years), predominantly males. Of the total, 34.0% were active smokers, 23.0% were former smokers, and 43.0% were non-smokers. Most of the active smokers smoked 1-20 cigarettes/day. In terms of concentration of oxidants (MDA and HP) there was not a significant difference between smokers versus non-smokers. As for the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and GPX), a statistically significant difference was found in the activity of GPX among the active smokers with CAD and the non-smokers with CAD (p = 0.039). CONCLUSION: Smoking as a risk factor for CAD is closely associated with increased oxidative stress, and the number of cigarettes smoked plays an important role in increasing the level of oxidative damage and reducing antioxidant defence.
Sécurité
Authors: Naszályi Philippe
Published: October 2016

La sécurité « des biens et des personnes », s’exprime parfaitement dans ce numéro où finance et organisation recouvrent les réalités actuelles de cette fonction qu’H. Fayol fait remonter en quatrième position dans l’ordre des fonctions de la version définitive de son ouvrage de 1916. L’expérience nous montre que la sécurité, en ces périodes troublées et dans cet environnement turbulent ; si l’on ne parle que du monde des affaires, doit être une priorité pour les chefs d’entreprise, notamment dans le domaine en plein développement de la cybercriminalité. Les cinq articles qui constituent le 1 er dossier : Sécurité en finance : information et développement entendent rappeler que la sécurité n’est plus seulement affaire de police ou d’armée, mais est un facteur fondamental du développement. Le 2 e dossier : Sécurité en organisation : image et psychologie , marie les ressources humaines et le maniement des hommes par et pour le marketing.
Les déterminants du recours à la divulgation volontaire d’informations dans les états financiers au format XBRL
Authors: Teller Pierre , Dufour Dominique , Luu Philippe , Séverin Éric
Published: October 2016

Pour améliorer la qualité et la disponibilité de l’information financière accessible au public, la SEC (Securities Exchange Commission) demande aux entreprises de déposer leurs états financiers dans un format numérique standard : XBRL. Il existe une liste d’éléments, appelée taxonomie, et fournie par l’organisme de normalisation comptable, que le producteur peut utiliser pour produire un fichier conforme. Mais on constate que très souvent les entreprises choisissent de compléter cette liste par des éléments personnalisés, dans des proportions qui varient énormément. Cette étude vise à comprendre quels sont les facteurs qui poussent les entreprises à avoir recours à ces extensions. Nous montrons à partir d’un échantillon de 2924 entreprises que la taille et la dispersion de l’actionnariat permettent d’expliquer l’utilisation de ces extensions.
La titrisation aux États-Unis et au Canada
Authors: Racicot François-Éric , Théoret Raymond , Calmès Christian
Published: October 2016

Depuis la récente crise économique, la titrisation des actifs financiers – et notamment des hypothèques résidentielles – est menacée, tant aux États-Unis qu’au Canada. Aux États-Unis, les banques ont stoppé complètement leurs activités de titrisation. Au Canada, le marché du papier commercial adossé à des actifs est moribond et les nouvelles normes comptables (IFRS) grèvent l’avenir de la titrisation des hypothèques résidentielles. Cependant, en dépit de failles non négligeables, la titrisation contribue à diminuer la procyclicité de la croissance du crédit. Des mesures doivent donc être mises en œuvre par les autorités des marchés financiers pour revigorer la titrisation.
Agressivité fiscale et déduction pour capital à risque
Authors: Bauweraerts Jonathan , Vandernoot Julien
Published: October 2016

La taxation des revenus constitue un coût non négligeable pour tout type d’entreprise. Il est donc généralement accepté que les actionnaires sont partisans d’une minimisation de l’impôt, et ont de ce fait recours à une politique fiscale agressive. Néanmoins, cette hypothèse ne distingue pas les propriétaires familiaux des propriétaires non familiaux. L’objectif de cette étude est dès lors d’appréhender l’effet du caractère familial sur le niveau d’agressivité fiscale de l’entreprise. Deux régressions sont construites, en utilisant deux indicateurs de l’agressivité fiscale, à savoir les rapports impôts payés/bénéfice avant impôt et moyenne des impôts payés/bénéfice avant impôt, sur la base de données de panel et en coupe transversale pour la période 2002-2010. Les résultats obtenus sur un échantillon de 215 entreprises belges non cotées mettent en évidence une relation positive entre le caractère familial et le niveau d’agressivité fiscale.
Les antécédents psychologiques de l’attitude à l’égard de la promotion des marques de luxe
Authors: Damak Turki Mouna
Published: October 2016

Cette recherche vise à étudier les antécédents psychologiques de l’attitude du consommateur à l’égard de la promotion des marques de luxe accessibles. Pour répondre à cet objectif nous avons opté pour une revue minutieuse de la littérature et une étude quantitative menée auprès d’un échantillon de convenance. L’analyse des résultats s’est basée sur la méthode des équations structurelles. Les résultats ont montré que la formation de l’attitude à l’égard de la promotion dépend d’un ensemble de facteurs psychologiques telles que la motivation, la sensibilité à la promotion et la croyance.
L’influence de l’image du magasin et des types de marque de distributeur sur le capital marque
Authors: Kaswengi Joseph , Ramaroson Andry
Published: October 2016

Dans cette recherche, nous étudions l’influence de l’image du magasin sur le capital marque d’une marque de distributeur pendant une période de crise économique. Nous contrôlons cette influence par trois types de MDD. Les résultats montrent que les consommateurs des marques de distributeur ont plus de préférence pour MDD premiers prix. Leurs choix sont davantage déterminés par les promotions et la qualité de service que par l’assortiment. De plus, ils mettent en évidence que les consommateurs ont tendance à privilégier les produits à forte fréquence d’achat et pénétration sur le marché.
Impact de l’ambivalence du style nostalgique sur l’efficacité publicitaire
Authors: Berrabah Wiem , Zine-Danguir Samira
Published: October 2016

Malgré les réponses favorables des consommateurs au style publicitaire nostalgique, prouvées par la littérature, les facettes ambivalentes de la nostalgie risquent de limiter l’efficacité dudit style. Dans ce cadre, nous montrons à travers une recherche empirique en deux phases (exploratoire puis confirmatoire) que ce n’est que le plaisir de nostalgie qui influence favorablement les variables de l’efficacité publicitaire. Par contre, le regret de nostalgie freine les réponses favorables du consommateur. De ce fait, des mesures théoriques et managériales doivent être prises pour réduire les conditions de l’influence négative du regret de nostalgie.
MRI diagnosis of infantile Alexander disease in a 14 month old African boy
Authors: Dlamini Nondumiso Nokwanda , Du Plessis Vicci
Published: October 2016

Alexander disease, also known as fibrinoid leukodystrophy, is a rare leukoencephalopathy which occurs due to a mutation in the glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) gene. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has proven to be highly sensitive in making the diagnosis. Typical MRI findings, in combination with positive genetic blood analysis, confirm the diagnosis.
El yacimiento de A Devesa de Abaixo (Pontevedra): muerte y tradición en la prehistoria reciente del Noroeste de la Península Ibérica
Authors: Vázquez Liz Pablo , Prieto Martínez M. Pilar
Published: October 2016

Se realiza la síntesis del yacimiento de A Devesa de Abaixo. El primer y único yacimiento al aire libre del Noroeste de la Península Ibérica que presenta un contexto funerario no tumular para el IV-V milenios BC. Nuestro objetivo es caracterizar el yacimiento y su secuencia de uso a lo largo del tiempo. La descripción del yacimiento de Os Torradoiros, localizado a escasos metros nos permitirá definir y completar esta caracterización. Los resultados radiocarbónicos son analizados y complementados por el estudio cerámico, que permite añadir información acerca de la actividad prehistórica no datada y se discute el yacimiento en una problemática general de los yacimientos al aire libre de la región.

[gl] Realízase a síntese do xacemento da Devesa de Abaixo. O primeiro e único xacemento ao aire libre do Noroeste da Península Ibérica que presenta un contexto funerario non tumular para o IV-V milenios BC. O noso obxectivo é caracterizar o xacemento e a súa secuencia de uso ao longo do tempo. A descrición do xacemento de Os Torradoiros, localizado a escass metros, permitiranos definir e completar esta caracyerización. Os resultados radiocarbónicos son analizados e complementados polo estudo cerámico, que permite engadir información acerca da actividade prehistórica non datada e discútese o xacemento nunha problemática xeral dos sitios ao aire libre da rexión.
Study on the Signal Transmission Characteristics of 2.4GHz Wireless Network in Dorms
Authors: Hu Guoqiang
Published: October 2016

In accordance with the deployment requirements of WLAN node in college student dorms and its features of application environment, this paper studies the relevance among factors like radio-frequency signal transmission characteristics, communication distance, AP height and transmission path, etc., with a case study of AP radio frequency 2.4GHz. Experiments show that the attenuation of wireless network signal in student dorms conforms to Keenan-Motley model. When AP is fixed, the signal strength received by laptop generally reduces with the increase of communication distance, yet just opposite with packet loss rate. When deploying AP, 1.25-1.75 height is ideal, and one-side coverage of 3 dorm rooms optimal. Based on the above researches, a relational model of AP height, communication distance and received signal strength is established. In it, model parameter  and AP height display a cubic polynomial relationship, and attenuation coefficient  and AP height show a quadratic polynomial relationship. Experiment results demonstrate that this model can satisfactorily predict the received signal strength of different AP heights and communication distances, providing technical support for wireless network deployment in student dorms.
L’innovation est le ton qui fait la chanson : une approche musico-prosodique en secteur Lansad
Authors: Frost Dan , Guy Rebecca
Published: October 2016

La production orale pose de nombreuses difficultés pour les apprenants francophones en anglais et peut-être plus encore dans le secteur Lansad où ils sont souvent adultes et où le temps et les ressources sont particulièrement limités. Le langage et la musique ont de nombreux points en commun : lors de ces deux activités humaines le rythme, le ton et le timbre sont primordiaux, et c’est au niveau de la prosodie que les différences entre l’anglais et le français sont les plus importantes. Le projet Innovalangues1 porté par l’université Grenoble Alpes propose des solutions autour du développement d’un dispositif d’enseignement hybride de l’anglais et d’autres langues et une partie de ces solutions concerne la production orale. Compte tenu des systèmes phonologiques des deux langues et des ressemblances entre le langage et la musique, nous avons développé une approche pédagogique inspirée en grande partie de la musicologie et de la pédagogie de la musique. Après avoir décrit notre cadre théorique, nous présenterons notre approche ainsi que certains des outils dont nous nous servons dans le projet.
Chronique des décisions de la Cour interaméricaine des droits de l’homme (Juin 2015 – Août 2016)
Authors: Giovanni Laura , Thiry Maud
Published: October 2016

La Cour Interaméricaine des Droits de l’Homme, homologue transatlantique de la Cour Européenne des Droits de l’Homme, rend des décisions très détaillées et de qualité en matière de protection des droits de l’Homme, malheureusement trop peu connues et exploitées sur le continent européen. Afin de rendre compte du travail abouti de sa jurisprudence et de ses spécificités, plusieurs décisions, rendues entre juin 2015 et août 2016 sur différentes thématiques (droit à la vie, crimes de disparitions forcées, protection des droits des peuples indigènes, non-discrimination, conditions de détention, titularité des droits des personnes morales et conditions de légalité d’un procès politique) seront ici détaillées.
Contrôle social et techniques numériques
Authors: Carré Dominique , Vétois Jacques
Published: October 2016

L’objet de cet article est de présenter à grands traits l’évolution du contrôle social par la technique informatique, que l’on appellerait plus volontiers aujourd’hui le numérique. Il est possible d’identifier au cours de ces cinquante dernières années la montée en puissance de ce qui est devenu la problématique « informatique et libertés », qui va s’affirmer à travers quatre thématiques : fichage, enfichage et tri ; surveillance planétaire globale ; affichage de soi, médiatisation du dévoilement ; reconquête de l’anonymat et protection des données personnelles. La caractéristique principale est que l’apparition d’une nouvelle thématique ne se substitue pas à une plus ancienne.
TIC, tac, tic, tac… Du temps traqué au travail contrôlé : le cas du transport routier de marchandises
Authors: KOGAN Anne-France
Published: October 2016

Cet article s’appuie sur une recherche sur l’évolution des organisations et des métiers dans le secteur du TRM (transport routier de marchandises). Il présente les différentes articulations entre les modalités de contrôle et la dimension temporelle qui est au cœur de l’organisation du fret. Ces organisations évoluent dans un système capitaliste où le travail n’est considéré que par la force produite et le temps écoulé. Cette représentation « abstraite » du travail permet la mise en place d’une société disciplinaire (la discipline du flux auquel on se soumet) et d’une société de contrôle (la prolifération des traces numériques a des effets incitateurs sur les comportements), dans la perspective ouverte par Foucault et Deleuze.
Quelle politique éducative pour la mise en place du e-learning dans l’enseignement supérieur : Le cas de la Chine et de la France
Authors: MARIE-SAINTE Micheline
Published: October 2016

Cet article propose une comparaison des dispositifs de formation e-learning en France et en Chine.
Building Academic Branding
Authors: Villamar Ruth Matovelle
Published: October 2016

Nowadays, many professionals of different areas of expertise have found themselves at the needs to incorporate in the digital world, their personal digital branding as a result of entrepreneurship projects, or as a crisis of business sectors. A different phenomenon occurs in the academic field; the researchers are forced to incorporate themselves in the digital field. The research professors have a responsibility to society, popularizing science, this represents to value their own work and contribute to its visibility, and the starting point is to have “digital academic Branding. This chapter explains step-by-step techniques that develop a digital academic branding, starting from an interior analysis of the academic up to the formulation of the visual and conceptual brand; it is important is to make in a sequential manner every one of the activities described here.
Flow My Bits, the Professor Screened
Authors: Kozinets Robert V.
Published: October 2016

Academics have always been in the business of producing and promoting ideas. The configuration of their identities or brands can play a central role in the successful realization of this ambition. This chapter uses the participative stance in netnography to discuss academic personal branding, but also interweaves advice, core principles, and a series of short inductive case studies about personal academic brands and fields. Featuring cases like those of Plato, Timothy Leary, John Lilly, and others, the chapter outlines a theory of personal academic branding, relating core identities to academic branding practices and purposes. In particular, this chapter suggests the relationship between thinking innovative thoughts, representing them to various audiences, and having one's idea shared and built upon by a network of interested others. Core to the successful realization of this endeavor are the following nine elements: unconventionality, creativity, internal and external audiences, segmentation, core constituents, co-branding, simplicity, uniqueness, and catchiness.
Brand Journalism and Personal Branding in Academia
Authors: Gonzales Hada M. Sánchez
Published: October 2016

The book chapter seeks to highlight the importance of brand journalism and personal branding within the university context. First, the focus is on determining how universities are adapting to the changing needs of their audience by utilising new narrative techniques. Second, we must determine whether brand journalism in turn allows for the construction of personal branding. If so, we would like to know whether teachers coming from the Schools of Communication / Information of universities in Spain have created their personal brands, in addition to what criteria and tools had to be taken into consideration for its creation. In conclusion, a lack of progress in regards to the development of a personal brand as well as personal branding in academia is observed.
Measuring Governance
Authors: Jankovic-Milic Vesna , Džunić Marija
Published: October 2016

The governance concept has become very popular in recent decades and in this regard has increased interest in measuring its quality. The most widely used measures of governance are World Governance Indicators, which represent composite perceptions-based indicators, published by World Bank Institute. There are six composite indicators and the data for constructing those indicators are obtained from 32 individual data sources. The objective of this chapter is to highlight the applicability of Grey Relational Analysis in the ranking of EU countries according to the governance quality. The Grey Relational Analysis entails calculation of Grey relational grade for governance quality. The final stage of the Grey Relational Analysis procedure involves ranking of EU countries according to Grey relational grade and their comparison with ranks obtained from World Bank Institute. The full contribution of Grey Relational Analysis arises on this stage, where ranks of countries have been changed.
Crisis Communication and Crisis Management during the Crisis
Authors: Ivana Bilić , Vrkić Franka
Published: October 2016

Corporate managers are faced with one important role in managing company's overall communications, especially when one crisis event occurred. Since the whole business world was preoccupied with the crisis that has gripped the year 2008, it is interesting to explore the content and the level of development of crisis management teams and crisis communications guidelines in the biggest Croatian companies. The results of research showed that Croatian companies do not stay behind their peers in the rest of the business world in the terms of establishment and development crisis management and crisis communications. Deep business crisis did not stop Croatian companies to invest in their workforces and their communication skills in order to achieve competitiveness in the market. Even though the business environment was very turbulent during the observed period, and suffered from many cutoffs the research results showed even some improvements in 2014 compared to the research from 2011.
Nationalism and Patriotism in International Business
Authors: Windsor Duane
Published: October 2016

This chapter explores nationalism and patriotism in international business, with attention to implications for diplomacy and geopolitics. Globalization increases economic interactions across national borders through exports, imports, foreign direct investments, and mergers or acquisitions. The World Trade Organization aims at making this global system of economic interactions more protection free. Nationalism is domestic emphasis placed on the country's economic, political, and strategic interests. Nationalism views international business as a zero-sum competition. Patriotism is pro-national behavior of consumers, producers, and other business stakeholders, and also calls for such pro-national behavior. Nationalism and patriotism are partly reactions – varying considerably by country – to domestic effects of this globalization, markedly exacerbated by the unexpected financial crisis and ensuing severe economic recession that emerged in 2008 and continued into 2016. The chapter draws on extant literature to develop a more systematic understanding of nationalism and patriotism.
Cybersecurity Concerns in International Business
Authors: Williquette Joel F.
Published: October 2016

The topic is cybersecurity concerns in international business. The issue of cybersecurity and cybercrime is a complex one with several sources for cybercrime including activities by individual criminals, organized crime, and governments. The research question explored is, “Can companies protect themselves given the rise in cybercrime?” Research findings conclude that businesses need to increase their efforts and invest in technologies, staff, technical training, and processes and programs aimed at improving the use of risk-based assessments, defenses, intrusion and anomaly detection, and the business's ability to recover should a cybercrime take place.
Towards Black Box Forensic Cybercrime Investigation Model (BBFCIM)
Authors: Oginni Oyewole Simon
Published: October 2016

Although internet has emerged to bridge digital divides and improve how things are done across diverse spheres of life, its explosion has also brought unexpected threats, risks and loss of valuables over a decade. Consequently, there seems to have been plethora of cybercrime investigation models but the proliferation of these models has not substantially reduced the frequency of cyber attacks globally. Given that the recent development in cyberspace seems to follow same trends of how survivable Black Box (Flight Data Recorder) emerged, this chapter proposes a Black Box Forensic Cybercrime Investigation Model (BBFCIM). BBFCIM sets a new agenda for cybercrime investigation process by focusing on survivability and reliability of existing and would-be models rather than evolving as a distinct model of itself. It adopts soft innovative skills in the development of Black Box components to shape proactive cybercrime investigation process through sequential tests on each networking layers.
Intellectual Capital and Business Performance of Pharmaceutical Firms in Kenya
Authors: Ngari James Mark
Published: October 2016

Intellectual capital is an investment in the organization and it is perceived to be a strategic resource and a source of competitive advantage. The purpose of this chapter is to test the relationship between intellectual capital and business performance of pharmaceutical firms in Kenya. The specific objectives are to determine whether human capital, structural capital and relational capital influence business performance of pharmaceutical firms in Kenya. The results indicate that human capital, structural capital and relational capital influence business performance of pharmaceutical firms in Kenya. Human capital and structural capital relationship strongly exist among the studied pharmaceutical firms and significantly influenced business performance positively. In addition, the study confirmed that human capital, structural capital and relational capital are dimensions of intellectual capital. The developed model confirm that the theory fitted data with fit indices above or below the required thresholds and the empirical results provided strong support for the model.
A Bertrand Game-Based Approach to Hotel Yield Management Strategies
Authors: Watada Junzo , Yoshimura Koki , Vasant Pandian
Published: October 2016

This chapter examines hotel yield management from a game perspective using a duopoly situation of two hotels. The hotel yield management determines strategies by considering the number of available rooms in the Bertrand situation. Each hotel does not know the strategies adopted by a competitive hotel. We derive the strategy that realizes a maximum profit under a given situation and constraints. Furthermore, we validate the game-based strategy developed for hotel yield management. In the real world, a business manager adopts an optimum strategy of yield management to gain profits in the current conditions; after the initial strategy is chosen, however, managers continuously weigh new strategies and investments. Therefore, we import the method of real option. Such maneuvers and investments are required to build new strategies amidst competition in the industry.
Risk, Terrorism, and Tourism Consumption
Authors: Maximiliano Korstanje
Published: October 2016

The present chapter discusses to what extent the rise of new risks and dangers, modernity has brought, has causing the end of tourism. The answer to the above formulated questions is not easy, and of course, it exhibits a fertile ground to be explored in other approaches. The ceaseless news about violence, cruelty, wars and deaths have serious negative impacts on audience worldwide. Though policy makers have devoted their time and efforts in looking for new alternative segments where death replaces the allegory of beautiness, giving as a result new products as dark-tourism, slum-tourism, disaster-tourism or doom-tourism, other problems arise. The curiosity for tourists in visiting spaces of mass death or extreme suffering contradicts not only its nature as a mechanism of revitalization and relaxes but may very well lead to narcissism which in fact is the end of tourism.
On Interdisciplinary Intersection of Unconventional Algorithms and Big Data Processing in Real World Problems
Authors: Zelinka Ivan , Kruliš Martin , Běhálek Marek , Luu Tung Minh , Pokorný Jaroslav
Published: October 2016

Optimization algorithms are a powerful tool for solving many problems of engineering applications from different fields of real life. They are usually used where the solution of a given problem analytically is unsuitable or unrealistic. If implemented in a suitable manner, there is no need for frequent user intervention into the actions of the equipment in which they are used. The majority of the problems of real life applications can be defined as optimization problems, for example, finding the optimum trajectory of a robot, optimal data flows in various processes like city traffic optimization or modelling and optimization of the seasonal variances of supply, traffic and facilities occupation in tourism among the others. The structure of this chapter is such that on the beginning are introduced bio-inspired algorithms, then parallelization of algorithms and parallel hardware and at the end, open research on Ho Chi Minh City traffic optimization real world example is introduced. In Conclusion are discussed possibilities of mutual combinations of introduced methods.
Introduction
Authors: Ling Peter , Ling Lorraine
Published: October 2016

The title of this book refers to both methods and paradigms in education research. Both are addressed, but this book is distinguished from others in that the research paradigm, rather than choice of research method, is placed front of stage. The related field of study is education. The study of education intertwines with a range of disciplines in the social sciences so the research issues arising have implications beyond the education context. The research paradigms addressed in this book include the traditional positivist and post-positivist—here labelled neo-positivist—paradigms. The interpretivist, transformative and pragmatic research paradigms, which have also been nominated in existing literature, are included. A novel supercomplexity paradigm has been added here in acknowledgement of the “supercomplex” environment (Barnett, 2000a) in which education research now operates. Following chapters explore issues relating to the design, implementation and critique of education research in the light of this understanding of research paradigms.
Doctoral Research Supervision
Authors: Robertson Margaret E.
Published: October 2016

Supervisors generally recognize the complex capacities needed to complete the doctoral degree. However, pressures from management practices in universities for rapid completions have time-compressed the leisurely research experience of a bygone intellectual age. The need for focused supervision strategies that bridge candidate and supervisor expectations seems clear. At the same time articulating supervision “pedagogies” poses a philosophical and theoretical conundrum. Whilst supervision expertise can be intuitive, and often based on personal experience, the research candidate will have different lived experiences. Their respective world views can be dialectically opposed to that of their supervisor with the decision making landscapes caught in subjectivities, stubbornness and non-recognition of “other.” Paradigmatic shifts can be an integral part of the development process. In the context of increasing internationalization of the doctoral experience “downunder” these arguments are cause for reflection on how supervisors and candidates can deepen their philosophical, and meaning-making constructs of “knowing,” and seek transformative intellectual positions.
A Code of Our Own
Authors: Vicars Mark
Published: October 2016

Queerly located inquiry can be disruptive and unsettling, jolting habitual perceptions of what can constitute a research narrative and narratives of research. Queer work conceptually contests and problematizes understandings of “I,” “We,” “Us” as an “internal, subjective or perceptual frame of reference” (Combs & Syngg, 1959, as cited in Nelson Jones, 2011) and in doing so destabilizes the concept of identity as a social and cultural category of belonging. Queer work has critically interrogated the performativity of sexuality in and across social life, rearticulating textual, historical, and rhetorical understandings of same sex expressions and representations (Allen & Rasmussen, 2015). This chapter draws on three queerly operationalized research projects that investigated same-sex sexualities, sexuality-related diversity, equality and inclusion in educational domains. In interpretation it works from the ontological and axiological and epistemological margins with the aim of “integrating rather than eliminating the inquirer from the inquiry” (Montuori, 2013, p. 46).
Undertaking Commissioned Research in Education
Authors: Livingston Kay
Published: October 2016

The place and challenges of identifying and working with research paradigms in the context of commissioned research is addressed in this chapter. The characteristics of commissioned research and commissioned evaluation are discussed. The role of Invitation to Tender (ITT) documents in commissioned research is explored using a conceptual continuum from looser to tighter specification of parameters. Consequences for the selection of a research paradigm are considered. The chapter concludes with an imperative: Communication to develop understanding of each other's perspectives needs to be better recognized for its value to all parties in meeting their intended purpose in engaging in a commissioned research undertaking.
Conclusion
Authors: Ling Lorraine , Ling Peter
Published: October 2016

Authors of the chapters of this book have reflected on education research undertakings and research paradigms applicable to their work. Their writing is revisited here as it links education research in practice to underpinning understandings of the nature of the aspect of the world investigated, the drivers of the research and the contributions to knowledge that emerge. Instances that fit within or move between established research paradigms are addressed first. The case for a new research paradigm—the supercomplexity paradigm—is then rehearsed and contributions of chapter authors to that concept and its application summarized. While research reviewed in the chapters covers the full array of paradigms, the endeavors portrayed are linked by the act of research itself. In this endeavor, whatever the education research topic, approach and methods employed, being clear about the research paradigm that applies helps in ensuring the research exercise is coherent and the outcomes appropriate and defensible.
Cuidados de enfermagem ao idoso no fim da vida/ Nursing care of the elderly in the end of life
Authors: Lindolpho Mirian Da Costa , Caldas Célia Pereira , Sá Selma Petra Chaves , Dos Santos Noemi Duque
Published: October 2016

Esta reflexão emergiu como fruto da prática docente e assistencial aos idosos no fim da vida em um hospital universitário enquanto professoras da Disciplina de Fundamentos de Enfermagem e no atendimento ambulatorial em um Centro de Atenção à Saúde dos Idosos e Cuidadores.  No desenvolvimento do artigo, buscou-se pontuar os parâmetros que norteiam o cuidado de enfermagem ao idoso que vivencia sua terminalidade com uma visão existencialista. Enfocou-se a finitude como parte do existir, em que o envelhecimento traz consigo um entendimento de proximidade da morte. A filosofia transpessoal do cuidado de Watson, referencial utilizado neste ensaio, permitiu delinear o cuidado singular ao idoso que vivencia o fim da vida através da descrição dos Elementos e o Processo Cáritas. Deste modo, a Enfermagem utiliza outras ciências para direcionar suas ações e assim possibilitar a escolha de referenciais filosóficos existencialistas como base de conhecimento, visto ser uma profissão que objetiva cuidar da vida da pessoa em sua totalidade. Sugeriu-se um modo de cuidar do idoso no fim da vida valorizando este contexto, onde cuidar é também lhe dar autonomia para ser o senhor da sua história e ter a oportunidade de com ele compartilhar seus últimos momentos.
 Ortotanásia e distanásia: percepção dos profissionais de saúde de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva / Orthothanasia and dysthanasia: perception of health professionals of an Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Santos Farah Pitanga Porto Gois dos , Comassetto Isabel , Porciúncula Anne Isadora Cavalcante , Santos Regina Maria dos , Ferreira Fabiana Andrea Soares , Magalhães Ana Paula Nogueira de
Published: October 2016

Pesquisa que envolve o processo de morte, abordando a distanásia, a qual se constitui na obstinação terapêutica a fim de adiar a morte, e a Ortotanásia, que se constitui na morte em seu processo natural, sem prolongar o tratamento. Teve como objetivo reconhecer a percepção dos profissionais da equipe de saúde que atuam em unidade de terapia intensiva, acerca das situações de Ortotanásia e Distanásia. Realizado em um hospital universitário. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 25 profissionais de saúde e submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática. Emergiram três categorias relacionadas: Apreendendo a Ortotanásia e a Distanásia; Percebendo o contexto da tomada de decisão; Ponderando a Ortotanásia e a Distanásia na finitude da vida. A percepção dos profissionais de saúde referente à Ortotanásia e à Distanásia exige discussões referentes aos conceitos éticos que envolvem as intervenções no processo de morte, possibilitando um embasamento da equipe multiprofissional, familiares e pacientes na tomada de decisão no final da vida.
 Instrumento para avaliação do paciente candidato ao cateter venoso central de inserção periférica valvulado/ Instrument to evaluate the patient candidate to valved peripherally inserted central venous cateter
Authors: Silva Tatiana Schnorr , Ribeiro Nair Regina Ritter , Hoffmann Vivian Raquel Krauspenhar
Published: October 2016

Neste estudo propôs-se desenvolver e validar o conteúdo de um Instrumento de avaliação dos pacientes candidatos à colocação do Cateter Central de Inserção Periférica (CCIP) valvulado, abordando as condições adequadas para seu uso prolongado. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quanti-qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva. A construção do Instrumento ocorreu mediante busca as bases de dados LILACS e PubMed, livros e manuais de capacitação. Para a validação do conteúdo do instrumento foi utilizada a técnica Delphi, em três etapas, com a participação de 11 enfermeiras capacitadas, sendo excluídas as que possuíam a capacitação há menos de um ano ou que não realizavam a técnica há pelo menos um ano. A pesquisa ocorreu no período de março a novembro de 2014. Todas as dimensões incluídas no instrumento inicial obtiveram aprovação de, pelo menos, 72,7%, e duas dimensões atingiram aprovação de 100% dos especialistas. O instrumento foi ajustado quanto à clareza, classificação do perfil do paciente e organização das questões. A versão final do Instrumento possibilitou melhor avaliação e padronização de todas as variáveis que interferem na inserção e manutenção no longo prazo do CCIP valvulado.
Usabilidade de alarmes clínicos de ventiladores mecânicos em cuidados intensivos/ Usability of mechanic ventilators clinical alarms in intensive care
Authors: Passamani Roberta Faitanin , Santos Fabrício , Schutz Vivian , Silva Carlos Roberto Lyra da , Louro Thiago Quinellato , Silva Roberto Carlos Lyra da
Published: October 2016

Problemas inerentes a usabilidade de Equipamento Médico-Assistencial (EMA) e segurança do paciente em Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) vão além daqueles descritos entre as seis metas internacionais de segurança do paciente do National Institutes of Health (NIH). Os Ventiladores Mecânicos (VM) geram muitos alarmes sonoros, alguns com dados pouco consistentes. Objetivou-se analisar a usabilidade de alarmes sonoros disparados por VM em UCI. Pesquisa observacional descritiva, do tipo estudo de caso, com abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvida na UCI de um hospital universitário localizado no Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram analisados com estatística descritiva. Durante 30 horas de observação, foram registrados 129 alarmes disparados pelo VM, dos quais, somente cinco tiveram resposta e 124 fatigaram. Frequência respiratória alta (n=31), seguida do alarme de volume corrente baixo (n=26), pressão de via aérea alta (n=24), pressão de via aérea baixa (n=23), desconexão de circuito (n=18) e alarme de FiO2 (n=7) foram os mais prevalentes. Apenas 36 foram classificados como consistentes. Conclui-se que os alarmes passaram a ser cada vez mais banalizados pela equipe nas UCI. É necessário mudar a postura diante deles e melhorar sua efetividade.
O cuidado de enfermagem à pessoa com doença falciforme em unidade de emergência/ Nursing care to people suffering with sickle cell disease in emergency unit
Authors: Carvalho Elvira Maria Martins Siqueira , Espirito Santo Fátima Helena do , Izidoro Cecília , Santos Mauro Leunardo Salvador Caldeira dos , Santos Rita Batista
Published: October 2016

Este estudo objetivou identificar como a equipe de enfermagem percebe o cuidado à pessoa com doença falciforme na unidade de emergência. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e descritivo, desenvolvido em um hospital especializado no Rio de Janeiro com 12 membros da equipe de enfermagem do referido setor. A produção de dados ocorreu entre abril e setembro de 2014, mediante entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, emergindo como categoria: A equipe de enfermagem no cuidado à pessoa com doença falciforme na emergência. Ao cuidar da pessoa com doença falciforme em unidade de emergência, a equipe de enfermagem enfrenta algumas limitações, tais como: o manejo da dor, o nível de conhecimento da equipe sobre a doença, a organização e a estrutura do serviço diante das demandas de cuidado. Para cuidar dessas pessoas, os membros da equipe de enfermagem precisam estar preparados para saber avaliá-las considerando suas necessidades e suas trajetórias de vida com a doença, que implica em inúmeras internações ao longo da vida.
Atitudes dos profissionais da saúde em relação ao diabetes mellitus: revisão integrativa/Health professionals attitudes towards diabetes mellitus: an integrative review
Authors: Vieira Gisele De Lacerda Chaves , Reis Ilka Afonso , Pagano Adriana Silvina , Torres Heloísa De Carvalho
Published: October 2016

Investigar na literatura como são caracterizadas as atitudes dos profissionais da saúde em relação ao diabetes. Revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases Scientific Electronic Library Online, Biblioteca digital brasileira de teses e dissertações, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, National Library of Medicine, Google Scholar, entre 1990 e 2016, nas línguas inglesa, espanhola e portuguesa. Os resultados dos estudos de natureza quantitativa foram sintetizados e aqueles de natureza qualitativa foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Em linhas gerais, osestudos quantitativos mostram que médicos, enfermeiros, nutricionistas e farmacêuticos apresentaram atitudes favoráveis em relação ao diabetes. Entretanto, foram encontradas diferenças nas atitudes entre as categorias profissionais em relação à gravidade do diabetes Tipo 2, impacto psicossocial do diabetes e autonomia da pessoa que tem diabetes. Enquanto isso, nos estudos qualitativos identificou-se a presença de atitudes favoráveis e desfavoráveis, entre médicos, no que se refere à autonomia da pessoa que tem diabetes. A síntese do conhecimento pode auxiliar na compreensão das diferentes práticas de cuidado em diabetes e no planejamento de programas de atualização profissional.
Textile Materials with SMA Elements for Active Protection against Heat and Flame
Authors: Bartkowiak Grażyna , Dąbrowska Anna
Published: October 2016

The latest research directions related to the design of protective clothing concern implementation of smart materials, such as shape memory alloys (SMA), that allow for its functionalization which could not be achieved with traditional materials. As a result of the research project, a thermo-mechanical treatment program of a nickel-titanium alloy has been elaborated. This program allows to obtain active elements in a form of conical springs that are characterized by two-way shape memory effect and predestined for implementation into protective clothing. Textile materials with SMA elements intended for clothing protecting against flame, radiant heat and molten splashes have been developed and manufactured. Laboratory tests aimed at evaluation of the obtained shape change effect were performed according to the specially modified testing methodology. The test results indicated that SMA elements caused an improvement of the protective properties of textile materials due to their increased thickness and creation of an additional air layer. On the basis of the achieved results, it can be also stated that protection performance of clothing according to the EN ISO 11612:2015 can be increased from level 1 to level 2 by means of textile materials with SMA elements.