bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between hemoglobin concentrations at discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit with markers of neurodevelopmental outcomes in premature neonates
Authors: Kratimenos Panagiotis , Christidis Panagiotis , Kehinde Folasade , Koutroulis Ioannis , Santana Stephanie , Mossabeb Roschanak , Fleishman Rachel
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND:

Premature neonates are often subjected to multiple transfusions with red blood cells during their hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The hemoglobin threshold for transfusion prior to discharge from the NICU varies significantly among different centers. The aim of the present study is to investigate the association between hemoglobin concentration at discharge with neurodevelopmental outcomes in premature neonates.

METHODS:

Retrospective observation study with regression analysis was performed with follow up assessment in the neuro-developmental outpatient clinic at 30 months of adjusted age.

RESULTS:

Data from 357 neonates born at less than 37 weeks’ gestation were analyzed. Sensory and motor neurodevelopment at 30 months of adjusted age, were not associated with the hemoglobin concentration at discharge (p=0.5891 and p=0.4575, respectively). There was no association between the hemoglobin concentration at discharge with fine or gross motor development (p=0.1582 and p=0.3805, respectively). Hemoglobin concentration at discharge was not associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes up until 30 months of adjusted age.

CONCLUSIONS:

The data of the present study indicate that the hemoglobin concentration of premature neonates at the time of discharge is not associated with poorer markers of neurodevelopmental outcomes at 30 months of adjusted age. Comorbidities such as BPD and IVH that are present to premature neonates were identified as potential risk factors for certain aspects of the neurodevelopment.
El Desarrollo Humano Integral en la teología cristiana
Authors: García de Andoin Carlos
Published: February 2019

El autor realiza un recorrido a lo largo de la teología cristiana de los últimos cincuenta años sobre el concepto y modelo de desarrollo humano integral. La Iglesia que sale del concilio es especialmente consciente de que su misión sacramental en el mundo. Y no es posible el anuncio de la buena noticia al margen del compromiso por la mejora de las condiciones materiales y sociales de vida de los pueblos. la Iglesia va a plantear un “hecho moral”, el subdesarrollo no es responsabilidad de los indigentes, ni una fatalidad social o natural, sino un hecho que apela a la responsabilidad moral de todos, especialmente de los ciudadanos y de la política de los países desarrollados El desarrollo no es posible sin redistribución de la riqueza, pero el desarrollo no se reduce al simple crecimiento económico. Para ser auténtico debe ser integral, es decir, promover a todos los hombres y a todo el hombre.
Del desarrollo integral del hombre a la ecología integral. Análisis comparativo de los conceptos de desarrollo integral del hombre (Populorum Progressio, Pablo VI, 1967) y de ecología integral (Laudato Si’, Francisco, 2015)
Authors: Sols Lucia José
Published: February 2019

La teología ha ido incorporando a su acervo los diferentes retos a los que la humanidad se ha ido enfrentando a partir del magisterio pontificio y en los años sesenta el mundo se enfrentaba, entre otros, al tema del desarrollo. El papa Pablo VI publicó la encíclica Populorum Progressio (PP), de 1967, en la estela del concilio Vaticano II, mediante el cual la Iglesia Católica quiso mirar de frente al mundo y dialogar abiertamente con algunas de las modernas corrientes de pensamiento. El desarrollo, para que sea humano,no puede serlo de una sola dimensión, por ejemplo, la del crecimiento económico, sino que todo el hombre y todos los hombres tienen que verse afectados positivamente por el desarrollo. Todo el hombre hace referencia a la integralidad del desarrollo, mientras que todos los hombres, a su universalidad.
Entre lo sagrado y profano
Authors: Gehrig Rainer
Published: February 2019

El artículo tiene como objetivo ofrecer los resultados de una reflexión sobre las dificultades de conectar el espacio religioso con las teorías de desarrollo y analizar la aportación propia de la Iglesia con el término de “desarrollo humano integral” en el magisterio papal como un concepto puente entre lo sagrado y lo secular.
Diálogo interreligioso y empresa
Authors: España Dionisio Blasco
Published: February 2019

Este artículo pretende presentar el diálogo interreligioso en la empresa como oportuno y razonable. Para ello parte de un concepto de diálogo interreligioso, y se pregunta qué formas de este diálogo son posibles en la empresa o, al menos, hasta qué niveles de diálogo interreligioso es consecuente que una empresa aspire teniendo en cuenta el concepto en mente. Por último, el artículo propone algunos elementos ya presentes en las empresas susceptibles de ser aprovechados para visibilizar o facilitar un diálogo interreligioso en este contexto no formal.
Vocación y misión en Populorum Progressio
Authors: Oller Sala Mª Dollors
Published: February 2019

En pleno s. XXI, la encíclica Populorum Progressio guarda una sorprendente actualidad y nos interpela a la hora de abordar los retos que tenemos planteados. En ella hay una llamada al compromiso del laicado para transformar el mundo que nos parece muy sugerente. En este trabajo hemos puesto el acento en la espiritualidad presente en la Populorum Progressio, ya que puede ayudarnos como cristianos a vivir nuestra fe como experiencia traducida en un estilo de vida, lo que es esencial para poder transformar la sociedad y el mundo en que vivimos en un sentido de mayor justicia. Nos parece atractiva su propuesta de vivir la amistad tanto en las relaciones interpersonales como en las relaciones entre los pueblos. Pablo VI propone una verdadera espiritualidad de la amistad y de la fraternidad universal, tan imprescindible en un mundo desvinculado como el de hoy. El trabajo concluye con una alusión a la espiritualidad ignaciana, especialmente idónea para vivir una espiritualidad laical en contextos secularizados como los nuestros; se trata de una espiritualidad de Amigos en el Señor que ayuda a construir con otros el Reino de Dios en el interior de cada uno y a nivel social.
Murabahah Li Al-Amir Bi Al-Syira` and its Implementation in Concept of Financing at Sharia Financial Institutions in Indonesia
Authors: Abdillah Hary Hoiruman
Published: February 2019

In the classical Islamic jurisprudence, murabaha is one type of trading contract that is very simple, and the sale of murabahah is included in the type of sale and purchase of the equation because it requires the seller to be honest about the original price of the goods he is selling. In its current development, financing products at Sharia Financial Institutions in Indonesia are dominated by murabaha financing, this is because murabahah financing is considered safer and contains very little risk of loss. However, in practice murabahah financing at Sharia Financial Institutions is now experiencing innovation and modification compared with the basic concept that many contained in the literature of classical Jurisprudence, so that the term murabaha li al-aamir bi al-syira` which became the reference of contemporary murabaha financing. Although there are some differences but many contemporary scholars are allowing this contract, because in innovation and modification does not change the basic things. But not a few modification models that cause debate because it is done solely to meet the formal requirements of juridical for the consideration of the effectiveness and efficiency of banking administration. The following article will cover the various models and backgrounds and motives for shifting murabaha schemes in classical jurisprudence when practiced in sharia banking, in addition to explaining the use of murabahah schemes for various models of financing in sharia banking
Implementation of Hybrid Contracts Concept of Sharia Pawn in Sharia Banking
Authors: Suhendar Heris
Published: February 2019

The existence of people's need for financing is fast, easy, safe and certainly in accordance with the principles of sharia, triggering sharia banking to innovate. One form of innovation issued by sharia banks to support the needs of the community is the product of pawn gold sharia. On the other hand, concerns arise about the product of rahn (sharia pawn), because the rahn product (gold pawn) is not a productive asset in the profit. Considerations arise when the profits are derived from the percentage of the loan amounts given by the bank to customers, as is the practice in conventional banking. Based on the problems that will be examined by the author above, then the method used in the research is normative legal research method. The results of the research are: 1) gold pawning products performed by sharia banks using three contracts, namely contracts qardh, rahn, and ijarah; 2) the amount or amount of the place rental charge shall not be calculated from the percentage of the loan or the loan granted by the bank to the customer, but the amount of the fee is taken from the expenses that are clearly required; And 3) when payment is due, then the customer could not repay the debt, it shall be returned to the agreement which has been made and agreed by the parties.
The Influence of Discounts, Product Completeness, and Location Against Consumer Purchase Decision (Via Google From): Study at Book Sales Center Komplek Taman Pintar Yogyakarta
Authors: Akbar Aly
Published: February 2019

This article discusses consumer purchase decisions that can be affected by discounts, product completeness, and location. Respondents in this study as many as 100 people. Data were collected using questionnaires in the form of questionnaires. Data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that the discount variables (X1), product completeness (X2), and location (X3) have a simultaneous positive influence on consumer purchase decision (Y). Based on the results of the data analysis obtained R square value is 0,544, this means 54.4% consumer purchases affected by discount variables, product completeness, and location magnitude influence "Strong enough, while the rest of 45.6% influenced by factors or other variables which is not researched. The results of this study also indicate that the discounted variable (X1), product completeness (X2), and location (X3) have a partially positive effect on consumer purchase decision (Y). Based on the results of the analysis of the data obtained correlation value X1 to Y of 0.526 or 52.6%, it means X1 positively affect the Y with the magnitude of influence "Strong Enough", the correlation X2 to Y of 0.635 or 63.5%, meaning X2 positively to Y with the magnitude of the influence of "Strong", and the correlation value of X3 to Y of 0.417 or 41.7%, meaning X3 positively affect the Y with the magnitude of influence "Strong Enough". So, from the correlation analysis can be known variables that have the most influence on purchasing decisions is variable completeness of the product.
Determination of Price and Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Haq Irfan Nurul
Published: February 2019

Price policy or a value can affect the human mindset, considering its activities by using logic including in considering its needs as a customer of a product. a person or customer will choose which product performance is more effective, efficient and suitable to his needs and according to the value of a price or cost, if the performance is effective, efficient and match with expectations, means customers will feel satisfied and will make the calculation of expenditures for the procurement of products the. Price has a positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction. The main considerations that affect customers are willing to use services include customer satisfaction, service quality, service orientation and pricing in determining the type of service used. The high price is a factor causing customer dissatisfaction so customers are reluctant to use the services provided by the company. The price of a good or service is very influential on customer satisfaction. Consumers use the price as a consideration in determining the purchase of a product, when should the purchase be made and how much the need for products purchased in accordance with the ability of consumer purchasing power. A product must be precise in the determination and determination of the selling price so that it can be accepted by consumers by not neglecting the quality of the product. Under normal circumstances, demand and prices have a negative or reversed relationship. That is, the higher the price is set the smaller the demand.
Syari'ah Compliance for Developing Innovation of Sharia Banking Products in Indonesia
Authors: Sugandi Dasep
Published: February 2019

This paper discusses the application of Sharia compliance to industry and Islamic finance business. Sharia compliance is a possible means of preventing risk and fraud in the real sector. This also applies to the innovation of Islamic financial products. Shariah rules are expected to be a guide in the operationalization of Islamic banking in Indonesia. With literature study, this paper found that Shariah compliance serves as an ex-ante (preventive) action and measure, to ensure policies, rules, systems and procedures, and business activities undertaken by Islamic banks. Innovation of Islamic banking products refers to sharia standards and shariah governance sourced from Qur'an and Hadith, guided by international standards, fulfillment of integrity and quality of Islamic banking human resources, suitability of contracts, and not dozens of people as consumers.
The Influence of Attitudes, Subjective, Norms, and Behavior Controls on Intention to Choose Islamic Banks With Islamic Religiosity as a Moderating Variable (Case Study at Bri Syariah Purwokerto Customers)
Authors: Najakh Akhmad Khoyrun , Astogini Dwiwiyati , Martini Sri
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of attitudes on the intention to choose Islamic banks, to analyze the effect of subjective norm on the intention to choose Islamic banks. to analyze the effect of the control behavior of the intention to choose the Islamic banks, to analyze the moderating influence of religiosity on the relationship attitudes, subjective norms and behavioral control of the intention to choose the Islamic banks . The method used is a survey with a sampling technique used purposive sampling with a sample size of this study was 100 respondents . Further analysis tools used in this study is multiple regression analysis using SPSS 16.0 software . Based on this study it can be concluded that the attitude does not affect to the intention of choose Bank BRISyariah. Subjective norm positive effect on intention choose Bank BRISyariah. Control behavior does not affect to the intention choose Bank BRISyariah. Relationship between Attitudes, Subjective Norms and Behavior Control with the intention to select Bank BRISyariah not moderated by religiosity.Based on these conclusions can be said that the Bank BRISyariah should improve understanding related to the subjective norm in order to increase the number of customers who use the services of Islamic Banking . Further research is recommended in order to follow up and develop this research to further explore the independent and dependent variables continued before and after behavioral intention or intention to perform a specific action .
Imposition of Sanctions (Ta’zir) and Punitive Damages (Ta'widh) to Customers in Musyarakah Mutanaqishah Contract
Authors: Fauzin Aris
Published: February 2019

One of innovation products that is being used by sharia banking is MMQ (Musharakah Mutanaqishah). Some problems that often appear in this product are when customer can not pay monthly instalment as writed in the MoU between him and shariah banking. In this case, as writed at standard book of MMQ Product that published by OJK (outhority of financial services) allows shariah banking to give punishment or taking suffer a financial loss from costumer based on fatwa  DSN NO. 43/DSN-MUI/VIII/2004 about taking suffer a financial loss (ta’widh) and fatwa DSN NO: 17/DSN-MUI/IX/2000 about Punishment (ta’zir). Here, the author wants to make a research about legitimation of fatwa  DSN NO. 43/DSN-MUI/VIII/2004 about taking suffer a financial loss (ta’widh) and fatwa DSN NO: 17/DSN-MUI/IX/2000 about Punishment (ta’zir) in MMQ.
The Application of the Hybrid Contracts Concept to Multipurpose Financing
Authors: Burhanudin Muhammad
Published: February 2019

The term hybrid contracts (al-ququd al-murakkabah / multiakad) are already familiar to practitioners and academics of sharia economic law. This indicates the rapid innovation in sharia economic law, especially in sharia financial institutions. Each product issued by Islamic financial institutions certainly uses more than one contract, including multipurpose financing products. Then what about the hadith narrated by Imam Ahmad who stated "... has prohibited two agreements (contract) in one agreement (contract) ...". Is multipurpose financing including prohibited or not? To answer this question, the author tries to examine more comprehensively about the application of the concept of hybrid contracts to Multipurpose Financing. The results of the author's analysis suggest the following: first, that in its implementation, multipurpose financing applied in Islamic banking uses a hybrid contracts (al-‘uqud al-murakkabah / multiakad). The contracts applied to this multipurpose financing are murabahah contracts, ijarah contracts, and kafalah contracts; second, the application of hybrid contracts in multipurpose financing turns out as long as it does not conflict with the rules in Law Number 21 of 2008 concerning Islamic Banking and does not conflict with the MUI DSN Fatwa on Murabahah, Ijarah and Kafalah, and does not conflict with the Compilation of Islamic Economic Law (KHES), therefore, the application of these hybrid contracts is permissible. and third, as for the object of multipurpose financing in the form of halal goods and / or services (allowed by sharia), including financing to meet customer needs for halal goods / objects, in addition to land and residential buildings, flats (apartments, shop houses, home office) cars and gold. The financing objects that are allowed include: two-wheeled motorcycles, building materials, electronic goods, household furniture. These objects are not necessarily the same as those applied to other banks.
Kontekstualisasi Makna Hadis Siwak Melalui Pendekatan Hermeneutika Fazlur Rahman
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad
Published: February 2019

This paper examines the Siwak Hadith. As is known there are many traditions that explain the virtues of siwak. Siwak is a thing that is very favored by the prophet Muhammad. At that time siwak became the main tool for oral cleansers. And the tools used are roots or branches of arak plants. Classical scholars have the same understanding of the tools for whistle, that is as practiced at the time of the Prophet Muhammad saw. Over time, oral cleaning devices were found and produced in various forms. Even siwak wood can be extracted and become a base for toothpaste. Related to this, the question that can be asked is can the siwak wood be replaced with other tools that have the same function as the purpose of the siwak service. Whether using these tools is considered to have carried out the Prophet's Sunnah. This study tries to contextualize the understanding of the Siwak Hadith according to the current situation. The approach used is Fazlur Rahman's hermeneutic approach. Through situational interpretation and using historical analysis it is hoped that the principles of religious teachings that Salih li Kulli Zaman wa Makan (relevant at all times and places) can be realized. Through this study, the authors conclude that modern oral cleaning tools such as toothpaste, sprey mouthwash and the like can replace siwak and have the same laws in religion.
Pengelolaan Air dalam Perspektif Hadis
Authors: Ihya M Saifuddin
Published: February 2019

Air merupakan salah satu sumberdaya yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan mengingat keberadaan air dalam kehidupan makhluk hidup adalah sebuah keniscayaan sebab mustahil ada kehidupan tanpa air karena semua mahluk hidup, baik manusia, hewan, dan tumbuhan, membutuhkan air. Penting bagi  manusia untuk tetap selalu melestarikan dan menjaga agar air yang digunakan, agar tetap terjaga kelestariannya dengan melakukan pengelolaan air yang baik. Air merupakan sesuatu yang dibutuhkan oleh semua mahluk hidup, termasuk manusia. Islam sebagai agama rahmatan lil ‘alamin menetapkan adanya kepemilikan bersama terhadap benda-benda yang bersifat dharuri (yang sangat dibutuhkan) bagi semua manusia. oleh karena itu, Islam mengeluarkan segala sesuatu yang keberadaan dan kemanfaatannya tidak bergantung usaha-usaha khusus dari ruang lingkup kepemilikan individu, sehingga kepemilikannya bersifat bersama, salah satunya adalah air.
CONTRIBUTION OF INDONESIAN ULAMA COUNCIL FOR THE APPLICATION OF ISLAMIC LAW IN INDONESIA
Authors: Basyari Fathurrohman M
Published: February 2019

This article discusses the contribution of the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI) to the application of Islamic Law in Indonesia. By using a literature study, this article succeeded in revealing that the position of the MUI was a forum which brought together Indonesian Muslim scholars and scholars and aimed to unite the movements and steps of Muslims in realizing the implementation of Islamic Law in Indonesia. Through religious guidance in the life of the nation and state, the MUI has issued various fatwas. Although it is non-binding, the fatwa of the MUI is one of the sources in the formation of Positive Law in Indonesia. Thus, the presence of the MUI will be increasingly needed in the process of building an Indonesian country whose population is mostly Muslim.
WAQF MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA: BETWEEN IDEALITY AND REALITY
Authors: Dunuraen Mochamad Ae
Published: February 2019

Waqf is a public asset, which is a great hope for the community to be managed and utilized optimally both materially and spiritually. But waqf land always brings its own problems, especially in utilization that is always not optimal. Such as the eviction of buried land, mosques, and the re-occupation of land by heirs, the reality of life shows that there are still many cases of waqf disputes that arise in life, such as not registering waqf, waqf assets that are not maintained or neglected, switching waqf to third party in a way against the law, withdrawal of the land that has been represented, denial of waqf pledges by heirs, and many others. Management of waqf in accordance with the Islamic law, namely may sell waqf property, or exchange it, replace it, move the waqf property and use the proceeds of the sale to be used again for waqf interests. This ability, based on the reason that property waqf remains maslahah, in accordance with the purpose of waqf, or to get greater / better benefits for the benefit of humans in general.
THE USLUB OF TAFSIR AL-QURAN
Authors: Alawi Asep Habib Idrus
Published: February 2019

This article discusses the method of interpreting the Qur'an. After tracking bibliographic sources, it was found that the differences between the commentators of the Qur'an in the use and meaning of the terms manhaj and uslub. According to the author, the correct one, the term used for the Interpretation of Tahlili, Ijmali, Maudhu'i and Muqaran is uslub not manhaj. Uslub Tafsir Tahlili, is a systematic system used by an interpreter in interpreting the Koran in accordance with the order of verses and letters in the Mushaf, both in whole or in a number of verses or letters. Then in each verse explained everything related to the verse, for example the meaning of the word, the meaning of stylist, asbab nuzul, the laws contained, and the meaning of the whole verse. Uslub Tafsir Ijmali, is a mathematical commentator who adheres to the arrangement of verses that are grouped. Then, explained the general meaning or the whole verse in accordance with what is desired by the editorial verse. Uslub Tafsir Muqaran is collecting and comparing between the two interpretations of the ulama or more about the verses of the Koran, studying them, and concluding which interpretations are the most powerful. Uslub Tafsir Maudhu'i is a systematic writing of interpretations used by an interpreter by not following the order of verses in the Koran. But by collecting all the verses that speak the same theme, then explain and take legal conclusions.
CLINICAL PREVALENCE AND CAUSATIVE MICROBES RESPONSIBLE FOR NEONATAL SEPSIS IN NEONATES ADMITTED IN NMCH
Authors: Gupta Dr. Ramjee Prasad , Kejriwal Dr. Mohan , Singh Dr. Alka
Published: February 2019

Neonatal sepsis is of two types; early onset sepsis and late onset sepsis. Early onset sepsis (EOS) present within first 72 hours of life. In severe cases, the neonates may be symptomatic at birth. Infants with EOS usually present with respiratory distress and pneumonia. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned to evaluate the immediate clinical outcomes of culture proven neonatal sepsis in the NICU.

The study was planned by enrolling the 320 neonates admitted in Neonatal unit of Department of Paediatrics in Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna, from Dec 2017 to Jun 2018. The 40 neonates were diagnosed positive for septicemia was enrolled in the present study.  The approval of the institutional committee was taken prior conduct of study. All the patients were informed consents.

The data from the present study revealed that adequate care of the low birth weight babies is of utmost importance to prevent infection by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Amikacin should be used along with third-generation cephalosporins for empirical treatment of gram-negative neonatal sepsis. This empirical regimen should be modified later based on the antibiogram of the isolates.

Keywords: neonatal sepsis, epidemiology, microbiology, etc.
FABRY DISEASE
Authors: VR Dr. Roja , Sahu Mis. Preeti , Raj Dr. Utsav
Published: February 2019

Fabry Disease comes under hereditary familial diseases called lysosomal storage disorders. It is a genetic disease resulting from the accumulation of fatty substance in the cell, which is known as globotriaosylceramide.
TO FIND RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COLONIC MUCOSAL CHANGES IN PATIENTS OF LIVER CIRRHOSIS WITH PORTAL HYPERTENSION.
Authors: N. Dr. Prashanth P. , Meshram Ankit
Published: February 2019

Background: The aim of the study is to find relationship between Colonic Mucosal changes in patients of Liver Cirrhosis with Portal Hypertension conducted at MGM Medical College & M. Y. Hospital, Indore for one year.

Result: The commonest symptom in patients was abdominal distension 30 (100%), next common was jaundice 20 (66.7%), malena 17 (56.7%), hemetemesis 10(33.3%), hematochezia 10(33.3%), and pruritis 2(6.6%) was noted.

It is evident from table no .13 that out of 30 patients , serum prothrombin time  was prolonged in 30 (100%) patients ,serum albumin was decreased in 20 (66.7%) patients , platelet count was decreased in 16 (53.3%) , serum bilirubin was raised in 14 (46.7%) patients , SGOT/SGPT  was raised in 17 (56.7%) patients.

Conclusion: Our study states that most of the changes which we found on colonoscopic studies were similar to other studies. The only finding which we got in excess in comparison to other studies was colitis like abnormality which was 73.3% which may be probably due to chronic intestinal infections which occur in our country.

Keywords: Colonic Mucosal, Liver Cirrhosis, Portal, Hypertension.
ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНИХ ВИТРАТ ПРИ КОМБІНОВАНОМУ ВІДВОДІ ОБ’ЄКТІВ КОСМІЧНОГО СМІТТЯ З НИЗЬКИХ НАВКОЛОЗЕМНИХ ОРБІТ
Authors: Голубек Александр Вячеславович , Дронь Николай Михайлович , Дубовик Людмила Григорьевна , Поляков Николай Викторович
Published: February 2019

The given article is devoted one of most acute problems of use of a space – clearing of low earth orbits from space debris. As one of ways of its solution is offered withdrawal of large objects of space debris in dense layers of atmosphere of the Earth with use of the propulsion system and an aerodynamic sail. The propulsion system supplies formation of an elliptical orbit of withdrawal with a perigee in an upper atmosphere, and an aerodynamic sail - gradual slowing down at the expense of effect on a sheaf «a withdrawal means - space object» forces of an aerodynamic drag of atmosphere. Obviously that efficiency of such method of withdrawal in many respects depends on a condition of the upper atmosphere which is function of solar activity. Hence, and energy expenses will depend not only on altitude of an initial orbit, ballistic factor, but also from a phase of solar activity at the moment of the beginning of withdrawal of space object, changing cyclically with the period in 11 years. On the basis of it is possible to draw a conclusion on repetition of change of energy expenses and minimum presence. The problem of minimization of energy expenses for withdrawal taking into account dynamically changing atmosphere of the Earth in the presence of limitations on lifetime is considered. For its solution imitating modeling of motion a sheaf «a withdrawal means - space object» in a near-earth space under the influence of gravity and an aerodynamic drag of atmosphere of the Earth is used. Parametric optimization of weight of the fuel components necessary for formation of an orbit of withdrawal with lifetime 25 years from circular orbits in altitude 500…1500 km, depending on a phase of solar activity at the moment of the beginning of withdrawal and ballistic factor is conducted. Areas of the minimum expenses of the fuel components supplying withdrawal are received. The estimation of efficiency of an offered combined method concerning withdrawal by actuation of propulsion system is executed. It is shown that combined withdrawal supplies economies of weight of fuel components in comparison with withdrawal by an orbital stage with propulsion system in limits from 20 % to 90 % depending on altitude of an initial orbit and ballistic factor.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ КОЕФІЦІЄНТУ КОРИСНОЇ ДІЇ ДВОКОМПОНЕНТНОГО ПНЕВМОНАСОСНОГО АГРЕГАТУ ДЛЯ КОСМІЧНОГО АПАРАТА
Authors: Конох Владимир Иванович , Калиниченко Игорь Иванович , Гордиец Иван Николаевич , Миколаевский Василий Васильевич
Published: February 2019

Research has been carried out to determine the efficiency of the piston pneumatic pump unit (PPU) of two-way action for the fuel supply system of a spacecraft operating on propellants of AT and MMH (UDMH). The PPU relates to volumetric pumps, therefore, the efficiency is defined as the ratio of effective work performed by the PPU to the expended gas work. The range of total propellants flow rates from 100 to 240 g/s through the PPU is determined by the operating modes of main engine and steering thrusters. As a result of performed researches, the PPU efficiency and main factors influencing on its value were theoretically determined, namely: gas losses for filling "parasitic" volumes including the volumes that do not participate in the process of fluid displacement from hydraulic pumps (volumes associated with incomplete fit of the pneumatic pistons to the bottoms of the pneumatic cylinders, the volume of control and supply channels), but are ejected into the environment at each operation of the PPU pneumatic distributor together with the volume of gas that performed effective work; gas ejections through the drainage seats into the environment at pneumatic distributors switchings, since at pneumatic distributors switchings some cavities are connected with the power supply source by control pressure, and other ones - with environment by poppet moving from the feed seat to the drainage seat; inlet air (helium) pressure losses due to the resistance of gas channels of the pneumatic distributors; friction of seals with fluoroplastic collars of the piston blocks; resistance of the hydraulic channels which components are: pressure losses of non-return valves and hydraulic channels; displaced fluid volume decreasing by hydraulic pumps due to leakage of non-return valves, piston collars and hydraulic pumps rods. The bipropellant PPU efficiency was theoretically and experimentally determined at different operating modes. The calculated value of the efficiency is well confirmed by experiments at that the divergence does not exceed 4%. The results of this research will allow us to determine the necessary gas reserves on board of spacecraft at the stage of designing.
АНАЛІЗ ВПЛИВУ КОНСТРУКТИВНИХ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ ПРОТОЧНОЇ ЧАСТИНИ ШНЕК-ВІДЦЕНТРОВОГО НАСОСА НА ЙОГО КАВІТАЦІЙНУ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКУ
Authors: Назаренко Георгий Владимирович , Филиппенко Павел Петрович , Дешевых Сергей Алексеевич
Published: February 2019

The phenomenon of cavitation is inherent in all vane machines, the working medium of which is liquid. With a certain combination of input pressure, flow rate, rotor speed, and the gas saturation of the working fluid in the vane machine, cavitation may occur. Cavitation negatively affects the power characteristics of the vane machines. It leads to a drop in the power parameters for the pumps and damage to their flowing parts. And also at times increases the pulsation of pressure at the pump outlet and vibration. This is especially dangerous for LPRE chambers, as the pulsation of pressure leads to the appearance of low-frequency oscillations of the chamber itself. Therefore, it is so important, even at the design stage, to determine the cavitation perfection of the LPRE vane pump and take measures to increase it.When developing the RD861K engine, high demands were placed on the power perfection of the oxidizer pump. The efficiency of the oxidizer pump RD861K should be 5% higher than that of the oxidizer pump RD861 (pump prototype).To increase the efficiency of the oxidizer pump RD861K, a number of design changes were required in its design, most of which were aimed at improving the flowing part of the pump. These works were successful, the required efficiency was achieved. However, some of the taken measures taken had a negative impact on the cavitation perfection of the pump. Therefore, this study is devoted to a comparative analysis of the cavitation perfection of two designs of oxidizer pumps of RD861 and RD861K engines. During the analysis, it was determined how the design features affect the nature of the cavitation characteristic. It is also established how a concrete design change affects the value of the cavitation specific velocity of the pump. In addition to the above studies, an analysis was made of cavitation characteristics of pumps operating on a gas-containing liquid. Based on the results of the analysis, the dependence of the decrease in the cavitation specific velocity of the pump on the amount of free gas supplied to the inlet to the pump was constructed. The results of this study allow us to estimate the magnitude of cavitation pump failure at the design stage, depending on the design features of its flowing part when working on pure liquid and on the gas-liquid mixture.
АНАЛІЗ МЕТОДИКИ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ПОПРАВКИ НА ТОНАЛЬНІСТЬ ПРИ СТЕНДОВИХ ВИПРОБУВАННЯХ ГТД НА ВІДПОВІДНІСТЬ ЕКОЛОГІЧНИМ ВИМОГАМ ПО ШУМУ
Authors: Журавлёв Владимир Николаевич , Критская Татьяна Владимировна
Published: February 2019

The important and actual task of the modern engine engineering is an objective estimation of gas-turbine engine noise levels during its development tests, which will allows to estimate the expected noise levels as part of aircraft. The problem is under review, whose content consists in the analysis of application methods of the tonality amendment during gas-turbine development tests for correspondence with environmental requirements.Classification of tonal noise is contained in many sources. Unfortunately, the determinations and criteria, provided there, are not always consistent with one another that indicate uncomplete determination processes of influence of tonal noise component on its sanitary-hygienic evaluation. The ecological properties of the signal are affected by the modulation law of its tonal (frequency) components. Tone signals of a constant frequency with a unit amplitude modulation index are recognized by the central nervous system as a pure tone and cannot be defined as adverse. These signals, during gas-turbine development tests, include all components parts of the engine that rotate with the constant circular frequency.It is shown that the application of the method of spectral analysis for signals with not determined parameters of stability, leads to undefined methodical error which is not taken into consideration in traditional methods. Determining the value of the tonality parameter, which defines the amendment of the deterioration of object noise assessment, is not strictly validated and is random. In accordance with the foregoing analysis, in our opinion, it is necessary to adjust traditional methods of environmental certification of aircraft on noise level. The methodology should involve the identification of neutral (the summary parameter is not adjusted), unfavorable (the summary parameter is adjusted to the downside) and favorable (the summary parameter is adjusted in the direction of improvement) noises.The ranking algorithm, in connection with the application of the result to biological objects, can be intellectual and identical to the function of Wernicke's area of the central nervous system, i.e. the calculation of mutual correlation function or the correlation coefficient of the signal noise of the aircraft with the database of "favorable" or "unfavorable" signals.
МЕТОД ПОПЕРЕДНЬОГО ФОРМУВАННЯ ОСНОВНИХ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ПІД ЧАС ГЛИБОКИХ МОДІФІКАЦІЙНИХ ЗМІН У ЛІТАКАХ ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ КАТЕГОРІЇ
Authors: Тиняков Дмитрий Васильевич , Рябков Виктор Иванович
Published: February 2019

The method of a preliminary development of main performances during deep variation in variants of a transport category aircraft, that is, when changing a wing area and a powerplant output, has been proposed. The main performance of any aircraft on the stage of its modifying is takeoff mass to, its value depends on structural members’ masses, in which modifications changes are present. The method is based on the com-parative evaluation of take-off mass increments of a basic aircraft and it’s variant. That allows qualitatively and quantitatively to evaluate the specific value of the take-off mass increment of an airplane variant depending on engineering and economical requirements changes. Also, it is obvious that changes in the combination of performances their changes in the process of an aircraft variant creation, move the solution of an existence equation at new point, which corresponds to a new takeoff mass. The analysis of the method was implemented on the example of the regional passenger aircraft variant with two turboprop engines. The method of a preliminary development of main performances of a transport category aircraft subject to deep modification, i.e. when changing a wing area or a powerplant output, is proposed. The mathematical model for the estimation of the takeoff mass increment, depending on requirement groups realized in modifications, is developed by using the models of calculation of required mass (due to change of modification) and available mass (constant for a base variant). Statistical equations for the preliminary estimation of a takeoff mass increment, that create the relationship between the constituent masses and the takeoff mass for a regional aircraft, are used. For middle-range and long-range airplanes an adjustment is needed. The proposed method and the mathematical models allow at a preliminary designing stage of an airplane variant not only typical required quantitative change in structure, but the necessary changes of a wing area and a powerplant output to satisfy the required engineering and economical requirements, which aircraft and air-lines’ markets dictate.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ САУ ГТД
Authors: Ранченко Геннадий Степанович , Буряченко Анна Григорьевна
Published: February 2019

The analysis of the basic directions of electronic automatic control systems for aviation gas-turbine engines (FADEC) development is presented. This analysis is executed on the base of materials of the Scientific and Technical Congress of Aero-Engine Manufacturers. This Congress passed within the limits of the International engine forum in April 2018 in Moscow under aegis of the International association «Association of Aero-Engine Manufacturers» (ASSAD). The review of a modern condition of developing works of the specialized scientific enterprises in the field of application of onboard mathematical model «virtual engine» and introductions of wireless technologies in the aviation industry is given. It is noted, that design offices of manufacturers introduce as perspective decisions the modular unitized design for electronic automatic control systems and the “vibration passport” for engine type. The using of onboard mathematical model «virtual engine» provide the electronic automatic control systems with the possibility to apply the new controlling concepts and to compensate the failures of transducers which have information interchange with the automatic control system. The software «virtual engine» is developed by scientists of Central Institute of Aviation Motors (Moscow) and of Ukrainian National Aerospace University (Kharkov). The wireless technologies need the specialized power supply devices for wireless engines transducers. There is the tendency to use the engine energy (thermal engine energy, vibration engine energy) for such a power supply devices which is to be built on the base of thermoelectric generators, vibration generators and magnetic induction generators. The investigation of engine vibration characteristics in order to form the “vibration passport” for engine type is described. This passport is to be used for engine diagnostic during exploitation. There is described the method of electronic automatic control systems reliability confirmation by comparison with the prototypes (analogs) which is proposed by scientists of Central Institute of Aviation Motors.
МЕТРОЛОГIЧНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ВИПРОБУВАНЬ ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ РЕГУЛЯТОРIВ ГТД – СТЕНД-IМIТАТОР ДВИГУННИХ ДАТЧИКIВ
Authors: Буряченко Анна Григорьевна , Лопащенко Иван Константинович
Published: February 2019

Testing of electronic control systems (further “regulators”) FADEC for gas turbine engines in the manufacturer laboratory conditions is described. The main attention is devoted to the control of the metrological characteristics of the regulator measuring channels. The results of constructively separated sensor imitators application, what interacts with the controller, including DBSCT and vibration sensor, are presented in this article. It is shown the expediency and results of the stand application, which united all the imitators necessary for testing of serial production. Data on verifying imitators and ensuring accuracy coefficients is given. In the framework of testing the electronic regulators of gas turbine engines, JSC Element experts developed, manufactured and certified all the necessary specialized stands that provide both a full-fledged inspection in the test-laboratory of monitoring and functions checking and additionally checking of the metrological characteristics of the regulators measuring channels. For reduced testing time in the serial production of the RDTs-450M regulator, in addition to the previously used structurally isolated sensors imitators, a stand was designed and manufactured combining all the imitators necessary for measuring channels testing. This new imitator provided usability and reduced testing time. The simulators used for test procedure. These simulators provide output signals of real sensors. These signals check by standardized measuring equipment. Systematic verification use certified stands, which create a normalized influence on the input signal of measuring (pressure, vibration acceleration, shaft rotation angle are also available). Further improvement of the test equipment will consist in automating of procedures for checking the metrological characteristics of the regulators channels by creating of programmatically controlled simulators. The replacement of individual simulators with a specialized stand markedly increased the productivity of work on the calibration and verification of the regulators measuring channels.
УКРАЇНА ПОТРІБНІ АВІАЦІЙНІ КОРПОРАТИВНІ СТАНДАРТИ
Authors: Кокотина Виктория Викторовна , Степаненко Сергей Михайлович , Харченко Виталий Григорьевич
Published: February 2019

To address urgent problems in the aircraft industry, a common regulatory framework is advantageous. It can be created as part of the system of corporate aviation standards. Corporate standardization would shift all aircraft engineering enterprises from use of the former USSR industrial standards to own system of standards, codes of common practice, and other regulatory documents. The system may include using international, regional, national standards and the standards of NATO. The standardization activities should be organized and managed by the head organization for corporate standardization.Today, the basis for the functioning of aircraft engineering enterprises is the system of activities and interactions based on a set of regulatory documents developed and adopted in the days of the USSR Ministry of Aviation Industry: industry standards, guidelines, regulations, rules, instructions. To solve the problem of replacing industry standards and other equivalent to them regulatory documents of the former USSR so that new regulatory documents can be used by all aircraft engineering enterprises is possible if the system of corporate aviation standards is created in Ukraine. Such standards should have a single place of registration, the general principle of designation, should be issued and maintained by unified corporate rules. The formation of a common regulatory framework of corporate standards should be carried out in the interest of all participants of the aircraft industry in Ukraine.The powers of the head organization for corporate standardization should include the following functions. Coordination of corporate standards system creation actions. Maintenance of common Register of corporate regulatory documents. Approval of duly executed standards and other corporate regulatory documents and their insertion into the Register. Formation of annual plans for standardization. Other activities related to standardization. The ownership of regulatory documents should belong to enterprises and organizations which financed the relevant regulatory documents developping.