bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and computed tomography evaluation of primary retroperitoneal tumours: report of 113 cases
Authors: Cheng W , Qi Y , Wang B , Tian L , Huang W , Chen Y
Published: August 2016

INTRODUCTION

Benign and malignant primary retroperitoneal tumours (PRT) have different clinical manifestations and pathological characteristics. We explore the characteristics and evaluate the value of computed tomography (CT) for PRT.

METHODS

Fifty-six benign and fifty-seven malignant PRT with clinical, radiographic and surgical data were retrospectively investigated. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software.

RESULTS

We found that mean size of benign tumours was 12.4 ± 7.7cm but 20.7 ± 11.6cm in malignant cases (P < 0.05). The accuracy of CT localisation was approximately 70%. The sensitivity and specificity of CT diagnosis for benign tumours were 96% and 85%, respectively; 51 (91%) underwent complete resection among benign cases but 42 (74%) in malignant cases (P < 0.05). Sensitivity of CT evaluation for invaded organs and vessels was 50% and 65%, respectively, and specificity was 88% and 81%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Large size, no capsule, irregular margin, heterogeneous density and specific enhancement pattern on CT are highly suggestive of malignancy. CT is the most useful tool in assessing the size and characteristics of PRT but it does not have the sensitivity to assess the involvement of organs and vessels.
Reflectance Spectroscopy for Organic Detection and Quantification in Clay-Bearing Samples: Effects of Albedo, Clay Type, and Water Content
Authors: Kaplan Hannah H. , Milliken Ralph E.
Published: August 2016

Reflectance spectroscopy is a rapid and non-destructive method that can be used to detect organic compounds in geologic samples over a wide range of spatial scales that includes outcrops, hand samples, drill cores, and planetary surfaces. In order to assess the viability of this technique for quantification of organics and aliphatic compounds in particular, the present study examines how clay mineralogy, water content, and albedo influence the strength of organic absorptions in near-infrared (NIR) reflectance spectra. The effects of clay structure and water content are evaluated using kaolinite, smectite (montmorillonite), and a mixed-layer illite-smectite as starting materials. Absorption strengths for C—H absorptions are compared to known total organic carbon (TOC) values using both reflectance spectra and single scattering albedo (SSA) spectra derived from a Hapke radiative transfer model. A linear relationship was observed between band depth and TOC for each sample suite, but strong albedo variation led to non-unique trends when band depths were calculated from reflectance spectra. These effects were minimized by conversion to SSA, for which band depth-TOC trends were similar for all mixture suites regardless of albedo or hydration level, indicating that this approach may be more broadly applicable for clay and organic-bearing samples. Extrapolation of band depth-TOC trends for the synthetic mixtures suggested a very conservative lower limit of detection of <1 wt.% TOC, but preliminary results for natural organic-bearing shales indicated that detection limits may be an order of magnitude lower.
Embodied multicultural assessment: An interdisciplinary training model
Authors: Powell Alexis
Published: August 2016

Cross-cultural counselling is imperative in the training of any therapist, yet there are no educational models based on drama therapy techniques. The author explores the need for an embodied multicultural self-assessment for drama therapy students and presents an approach that incorporates Robert Landy’s role theory and Pamela A. Hays’ ADDRESSING framework.
Caracterização sedimentar subsuperficial recente da planície costeira amazônica: O exemplo da região do Cabo Norte – AP.
Authors: Xavier Diego Arruda , Barcellos Roberto Lima , Berrêdo José Francisco , Silveira Odete Machado
Published: August 2016

O estudo tem como objetivo analisar os processos de sedimentação que ocorreram em uma planície costeira amazônica utilizando a granulometria e o teor de material orgânico como parâmetros para a compreensão dos processos dominantes durante a sedimentação. Foram recuperados sete testemunhos ao longo do rio Sucuriju e sub-amostrados obedecendo às diferenças entre os depósitos observados, analisado quanto à granulometria e porcentagem de material orgânico total. Os resultados demonstraram a ocorrência de uma progradação da linha de costa, visto que no passado a linha de costa localizava-se próximo do Lago Piratuba e hoje dista cerca de 22km em linha reta. Esta progradação da costa foi registrada no testemunho localizado a montante do rio Sucuriju com o registrou dessa diminuição da energia hidrodinâmica, passando de sedimentação estuarina, com maior porcentagem de areia e menor porcentagem de material orgânico evidenciados em ambiente com alta intensidade hidrodinâmica, para sedimentação pelítica com maior deposição de sedimentos finos e de porcentagem de material orgânico evidenciados em ambientes lacustres ou de baixa intensidade hidrodinâmica. Os resultados demonstram que a dinâmica sedimentar na planície costeira amapaense somadas às forçantes atmosféricas, oceânicas e amazônicas são fatores condicionantes na deposição ou erosão, influenciando na configuração atual da linha de costa.
As câmaras municipais e suas medidas policiais para o “cuidado dos meninos” no Brasil oitocentista
Authors: Souza Williams Andrade de
Published: August 2016

A “menoridade” pobre e desvalida no Império do Brasil era percebida a partir de dois extremos que inspiravam cuidados e faziam dela objeto de tutela de homens e instituições. De um lado, era vista como um perigo para a sociedade, necessitando de controle; do outro, como membro frágil, que precisava de direção. Nesses ângulos, a sua posição era a de subalterna, devendo ser controlada, educada, civilizada, sendo estes os cuidados a serem dispensados para ela. Dentre as instituições brasileiras oitocentistas, as câmaras municipais figuraram como importantes reguladoras do cotidiano citadino cujas medidas policiais poderiam redundar no “controle” desse grupo social ou no fomento das instituições por ele responsável. A proposta basilar dessa comunicação é discorrer sobre essa temática. Ainda que os limites desse texto impeçam avançar na discussão, pretendemos lançar algumas notas sobre o governo municipal e o seu “cuidado” com o que atualmente chamamos de o menor.
“Educal-as e instruil-as é prevenir males futuros, é preparar o cidadão de amanhã” – O trabalho de menores como ato de correção e instrução na Primeira Republica em Porto Alegre/RS.
Authors: Cruz Lisiane Ribas
Published: August 2016

No presente artigo é proposta a análise da prática do trabalho como correção e instrução de crianças atingidas pelo abandono e criminalidade, na Primeira República em Porto Alegre/RS, dentro de instituições estatais como orfanatos e casa de correção. Nesse período a sociedade porto-alegrense passou por transformações ligadas ao conceito “trabalho”, devido às influências positivistas e a abolição da escravatura. Partindo desse contexto, buscamos compreender os sentidos atribuídos às práticas de trabalho e às funções destinadas aos menores dentro das instituições, através da análise de fontes primárias tanto da forma quantitativa, em registros de sentenciados e anuários de estatísticas, como qualitativa no estudo de relatórios, falas e regulamentos.
A pobreza que infesta a cidade: os pequenos mendigos e “esmoleiros mirins”, e as representações da miséria em Caxias do Sul na década de 1970
Authors: Becher Franciele
Published: August 2016

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar de forma qualitativa as representações construídas em reportagens e crônicas de jornais sobre crianças em situação de rua da cidade de Caxias do Sul na década de 1970. Procura situar as diferentes formas de controle e os discursos de moralização construídos durante a ditadura civil-militar brasileira em torno das camadas sociais consideradas como potencialmente perigosas, vistas inclusive como um problema para a segurança nacional do país. Produtos de uma ordem social degradante, os “esmoleiros mirins” e pequenos mendigos que habitavam o centro da cidade de Caxias do Sul eram temidos e representados nas fontes jornalísticas de forma sensacionalista e degradante. A estigmatização da pobreza, reforçada em diversas crônicas e reportagens através da construção de estereótipos negativos, funcionava como uma representação social da infância que desconsiderava as estratégias de sobrevivência precária daquelas crianças e de suas famílias.
Simão Vergara e Maria Tereza da Cunha, o casal de pretos forros da tasca da Boa Vista: Africanidade, matrimônio e comunidade numa sociedade escravista (Pelotas, RS, século XIX)
Authors: Al-Alam Caiuá Cardoso , Pinto Natália Garcia , Moreira Paulo Roberto Staudt
Published: August 2016

Através da trajetória de um casal de africanos forros abordaremos os arranjos familiares negros, visualizando também as estratégias de obtenção de alforria e de composição de alianças comunitárias. Pelos fragmentos biográficos que acessamos desse casal, podemos visibilizar aspectos das experiências de vida de alguns de seus iguais, assim como também desvendar particularidades de uma época, onde vigia uma sociedade escravista com grande presença de indivíduos africanos ainda escravizados e já forros.
Arquivo público de Uberaba: índice geral do acervo da Escola de Pharmacia e Odontologia de Uberaba - 1926 – 1936
Authors: Guilherme Willian Douglas
Published: August 2016

Este trabalho é parte integrante da Tese de Doutorado que possui como tema a Escola de Pharmacia e Odontologia de Uberaba (Escola de Uberaba), primeira Instituição de Ensino Superior da região do Triangulo Mineiro e que funcionou entre os anos de 1926 a 1936. Assim, este trabalho trata da criação de um Índice para consulta ao acervo número 164 do Arquivo Público de Uberaba (APU), onde constam quarenta e uma caixas com documentos exclusivos da Escola de Uberaba datados do mesmo período em ela funcionou. A importância deste Índice revela-se pelo fato desta coleção ser muito extensa e que os documentos não estão organizados cronologicamente nem por assuntos. Deste modo, para facilitar e agilizar o acesso aos documentos, ora fontes da Tese em andamento, viu-se necessária a criação deste Índice, que também despertou o interesse do APU para disponibilizá-lo a comunidade de pesquisadores que por vezes, procuram tal acervo, momento em que se sugeriu a publicação afim de preservar sua autoria.
Severi varieties and Brill–Noether theory of curves on abelian surfaces
Authors: Knutsen Andreas Leopold , Lelli-Chiesa Margherita , Mongardi Giovanni
Published: August 2016

Severi varieties and Brill–Noether theory of curves on K3 surfaces are well understood. Yet, quite little is known for curves
on abelian surfaces. Given a general abelian surface S with polarization L of type

(
1
,
n
)

{(1,n)}

, we prove nonemptiness and regularity of the Severi variety parametrizing δ-nodal curves in the linear system

|
L
|

{|L|}

for

0
≤
δ
≤

n
-
1

=

p
-
2

{0\leq\delta\leq n-1=p-2}

(here p is the arithmetic genus of any curve in

|
L
|

{|L|}

). We also show that a general genus g curve having as nodal model a hyperplane section of some

(
1
,
n
)

{(1,n)}

-polarized abelian surface admits only finitely many such models up to translation; moreover, any such model lies on finitely many

(
1
,
n
)

{(1,n)}

-polarized abelian surfaces.
Under certain assumptions, a conjecture of Dedieu and Sernesi is proved concerning the possibility of deforming a genus g curve in S equigenerically to a nodal curve. The rest of the paper deals with the Brill–Noether theory of curves in

|
L
|

{|L|}

. It turns out that a general curve in

|
L
|

{|L|}

is Brill–Noether general. However, as soon as the Brill–Noether number is negative and some other inequalities are satisfied, the locus

|
L
|

d
r

{|L|^{r}_{d}}

of smooth curves in

|
L
|

{|L|}

possessing a

g
d
r

{g^{r}_{d}}

is nonempty and has a component of the expected dimension. As an application, we obtain the existence of a component of the Brill–Noether locus

ℳ

p
,
d

r

{{\mathcal{M}}^{r}_{p,d}}

having the expected codimension in the moduli space of curves

ℳ
p

{{\mathcal{M}}_{p}}

. For

r
=
1

{r=1}

, the results are generalized to nodal curves.
Phases Transition and Consolidation Mechanism of High Chromium Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite Pellet by Oxidation Process
Authors: Tang Jue , Chu Man-sheng , Feng Cong , Li Feng , Liu Zheng-gen
Published: August 2016

Based on the fundamental characteristics of high chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite (HCVTM), the effects of roasting temperature and roasting time on the phase transition and oxidation consolidation during the oxidation were investigated systematically. It was shown that the oxidation of HCVTM pellet was not a simple process but complex. With increasing roasting temperature and time, the compressive strength of oxidized pellet was improved. The phase transition during oxidation was hypothesized to proceed as follows: (1) Fe3O4 → Fe2O3; (2) Fe2.75Ti0.25O4 → Fe9TiO15 + FeTiO3 → Fe9TiO15 + Fe2Ti3O9; (3) Fe2VO4 → V2O3 → (Cr0.15V0.85)2O3; (4) FeCr2O4 → Cr2O3 → Cr1.3Fe0.7O3 + (Cr0.15V0.85)2O3. The oxidation consolidation process was divided into three stages: (1)oxidation below 1,173 K; (2) recrystallization consolidation at 1,173 – 1,373 K; (3) particle refining recrystallization-consolidation by the participation of liquid phase at 1,373 – 1,573 K. To obtain the HCVTM oxidized pellet with good quality, the rational roasting parameters included a roasting temperature of 1,573 K and a roasting time of 20 min.
A Dual Aspect Theory of Shared Intention
Authors: Alonso Facundo M.
Published: August 2016

In this article I propose an original view of the nature of shared intention. In contrast to psychological views (Bratman, Searle, Tuomela) and normative views (Gilbert), I argue that both functional roles played by attitudes of individual participants and interpersonal obligations are factors of central and independent significance for explaining what shared intention is. It is widely agreed that shared intention (I) normally motivates participants to act, and (II) normally creates obligations between them. I argue that the view I propose can explain why it is not a mere accident that both (I) and (II) are true of shared intention, while psychological and normative views cannot. The basic idea is that shared intention involves a structure of attitudes of individuals – including, most importantly, attitudes of reliance – which normally plays the relevant motivating roles and creates the relevant obligations.
Uneven distribution of resources in the youth linguascapes of Mongolia
Authors: Dovchin Sender
Published: August 2016

Drawing on offline and online casual interactions in the context of youth in Mongolia, on the Asian periphery, this article looks at youth mixed language practices from the perspective of “
From cultural distance to skills deficits: “Expatriates,” “Migrants” and Swiss integration policy
Authors: Yeung Shirley
Published: August 2016

This article examines two social categories brought into being by recent migration policies in Switzerland: the expatriate (or “expat”) and the migrant. Treating these categories as relationally constituted, the article explores how this distinction was constructed and managed in response to processes of European harmonization in the 1990s, employing shifting discourses of difference: while Switzerland’s Three Circle immigration model differentiated immigrants along lines of “cultural distance” vis-à-vis Switzerland, Swiss participation in the Agreement on the Free Movement of Persons contrasted these groups according to a new discourse of “skills.” Focusing on this discursive transition, the article argues that the expatriate-migrant distinction constructs differently valued immigrants whose contrasting relationship to the nation and “integration” is enacted in legal and social expectations surrounding language use. The article argues for critical attention to how “brain gain” and skills discourses enable, and extend border-maintaining discourses of “culture.”
Discourses of integration: Language, skills, and the politics of difference
Authors: Flubacher Mi-Cha , Yeung Shirley
Published: August 2016

In this introduction, we outline the most relevant concepts for this special issue on integration and the politics of difference. This introduction characterizes “integration” as a dominant policy orientation and discursive regime concerned primarily with understandings of language, communication, and skill which constitute a (trans)national politics of difference. In various sites and national contexts of the global north, migrant “integration” policies render difference and mobility the site of both discursive elaboration and management. This introduction highlights the salience of critical ethnographic analyses for understanding “integration” beyond policy realms, arguing for attention to situated practices, emergent social categories and types, political-economic stakes, logics of linguistic (dis)engagement, and the reproduction of mono- and multilingual social orders. In particular, we propose to untangle this complex by describing three central processes that run through all of the contributions and which, we suggest, are indispensable for the analysis of current and emergent regimes of integration: processes of categorization, of selection, and of activation.
Rotation and deformation of human red blood cells with light from tapered fiber probes
Authors: Liu Xiaoshuai , Huang Jianbin , Li Yuchao , Zhang Yao , Li Baojun
Published: August 2016

Dynamic rotation and deformation of human red blood cells (RBCs) are extremely important to investigate the survival and mechanical features of cells, which will be of great physiological and pathological significance. Here, we report an optical approach that is capable of both rotating and deforming RBCs with light from two tapered fiber probes (TFPs). With laser beams at the wavelength of 980 nm injected into the TFPs, a single RBC was rotated around different axes while single or multiple RBCs were stretched by adjusting the points of action and magnitude of the optical forces from the TFPs. The biological safety of the approach was also discussed by taking the laser power required into account.
Crystal structure of poly-[tetraaqua-bis(μ4-2,5-dibenzoyl-1,4-benzenedicarboxylato-κ4
O
1:O
2:O
3:O
4)-μ2-2,5-dibenzoyl-1,4-benzenedicarboxylato-k4
O
5,O
6: O
5′,O
6′-didysprosium(III)] tetrahydrate C33H26O13Dy
Authors: Zhu Xiao-fei , Yang Yu , Xie Xiao-yan , Li Ya-feng
Published: August 2016

C33H26O13Dy, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 10.5417(4) Å, b = 12.0923(6) Å, c = 12.4320(4) Å, α = 82.373(3)°, β = 81.126(3)°, γ = 89.446(3)°, V = 1551.83(11) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0357, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0820, T = 293 K.
Crystal Structure of (E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2,3,4-tris(benzyloxy)-6-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one, C37H32O6
Authors: Kuo Chen-Miao , Hill Tania N. , Bezuidenhoudt Barend C. B.
Published: August 2016

C37H32O6, monoclinic, P21/c (No. 14), a = 5.5354(7) Å, b = 16.983(2) Å, c = 31.211(4) Å, β = 91.535(8)°, V = 2932.9(7) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0584, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1738, T = 100 K.
Phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using miracle fruit plant (Synsepalum dulcificum) for antimicrobial, catalytic, anticoagulant, and thrombolytic applications
Authors: Lateef Agbaje , Akande Monsurat A. , Azeez Musibau A. , Ojo Sunday A. , Folarin Bolaji I. , Gueguim-Kana Evariste B. , Beukes Lorika S.
Published: August 2016

In the present work, we report the phytosynthesis of AgNPs mediated by leaf and seed extracts of
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using lavender leaf and their applications for catalytic, sensing, and antioxidant activities
Authors: Kumar Brajesh , Smita Kumari , Cumbal Luis
Published: August 2016

The present report summarizes an eco-friendly approach for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the leaf extract of lavender. Initially, the synthesis of AgNPs was visually observed by the appearance of a wine red color. The optical property, morphology, and structure of as-synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses. All characterization data revealed the formation of crystalline and spherical AgNPs (Ag/Ag
The Evolution of Civil War Severity, 1816–2005
Authors: Miranda Luiz C.M. , Perondi Leonel F. , Gleditsch Kristian Skrede
Published: August 2016

Previous analyses of civil war trends tend to be informal and consider only post 1945 data. We examine data on civil wars over the period 1816–2005, using new methods for evolutionary growth processes. We find a number of new patterns and trends in civil war that have received little attention in previous research, including a structural break in frequency of conflict with decolonialization, as well as evidence of periodicity in civil conflict. We develop new measures of civil war intensity and impact, and find that conflicts have been generally more severe in the 20th than in the 19th century. We also find that the frequency-severity distribution of civil war does not appear to follow a power-law distribution, unlike data on many other types of conflict. Although structural trends suggest an increase in future civil wars, we discuss possible limiting factors that might prevent this in light of the recent observed decline in civil wars after the Cold War.
Ten years of LIFE
Authors: Girko Vyacheslav L.
Published: August 2016

We prove, under certain conditions, the main results of the new theory (the Law of Independence for Functions of an Ensemble (LIFE)) which is based on the unusual behavior of the normalized spectral functions of the products of independent random matrices with independent normalized elements that converge at a large scale matrices with appropriate degrees of a random matrix.
Cytotoxic constituents of Alocasia macrorrhiza
Authors: Elsbaey Marwa , Ahmed Kadria F.M. , Elsebai Mahmoud F. , Zaghloul Ahmed , Amer Mohamed M.A. , Lahloub Mohamed-Farid I.
Published: August 2016

An indole alkaloid, 2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-2-oxo-acetic acid (1) isolated for the first time from nature, in addition to the nine known compounds 5-hydroxy-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester (2), alocasin B (3), hyrtiosin B (4), α-monopalmitin (5), 1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S, 3R, 4E, 8Z)-2-[(2(R)-hydroctadecanoyl) amido]-4,8-octadecadiene-1,3-diol (6), 3-epi-betulinic acid (7), 3-epi-ursolic acid (8), β-sitosterol (9) and β-sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucoside (10) were isolated from the rhizomes of Alocasia macrorrhiza (Araceae). Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. Of these compounds, 6 exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity against the four tested human cancer cell lines (IC50 of about 10 µM against Hep-2 larynx cancer cells).
Loss of FBXO7 (PARK15) results in reduced proteasome activity and models a parkinsonism‐like phenotype in mice
Authors: Vingill Siv , Brockelt David , Lancelin Camille , Tatenhorst Lars , Dontcheva Guergana , Preisinger Christian , Schwedhelm‐Domeyer Nicola , Joseph Sabitha , Mitkovski Miso , Goebbels Sandra , Nave Klaus‐Armin , Schulz Jörg B , Marquardt Till , Lingor Paul , Stegmüller Judith
Published: August 2016

Mutations in the FBXO7 (PARK15) gene have been implicated in a juvenile form of parkinsonism termed parkinsonian pyramidal syndrome (PPS), characterized by Parkinsonian symptoms and pyramidal tract signs. FBXO7 (F‐box protein only 7) is a subunit of the SCF (SKP1/cullin‐1/F‐box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, but its relevance and function in neurons remain to be elucidated. Here, we report that the E3 ligase FBXO7‐SCF binds to and ubiquitinates the proteasomal subunit PSMA2. In addition, we show that FBXO7 is a proteasome‐associated protein involved in proteasome assembly. In FBXO7 knockout mice, we find reduced proteasome activity and early‐onset motor deficits together with premature death. In addition, we demonstrate that NEX (neuronal helix–loop–helix protein‐1)‐Cre‐induced deletion of the FBXO7 gene in forebrain neurons or the loss of FBXO7 in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐positive neurons results in motor defects, reminiscent of the phenotype in PARK15 patients. Taken together, our study establishes a vital role for FBXO7 in neurons, which is required for proper motor control and accentuates the importance of FBXO7 in proteasome function.
The role of FDG-PET in localization of recurrent lesions of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in patients with asymptomatic hyperthyroglobulinemia in a real clinical practice
Authors: Kukulska A , Krajewska J , Kołosza Z , Paliczka-Cies´lik E , Puch Z , Gubała E , Król A , Kalemba M , Kropin´ska A , Jarząb B
Published: August 2016

Introduction

Available methods, including serum thyroglobulin (Tg) measurement and whole-body scan (WBS) performed after radioiodine administration, allow for a precise diagnostics in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). However, some asymptomatic patients demonstrate negative WBS despite a high Tg serum concentration. In these subjects, fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) should be considered. The primary aim of our study was to evaluate a diagnostic value of FDG-PET in asymptomatic hyperthyroglobulinemia. The secondary one was to determine a prognostic value of a negative FDG-PET result in DTC patients with elevated Tg level.

Material

One hundred and ten FDG-PET/CT scans were retrospectively analyzed, 85 scans were done under TSH stimulation and 25 on LT4suppressive therapy. Follow-up ranged between 4 and 9 years.

Results

The first FDG-PET/CT detected cancer foci in 49 subjects with a global sensitivity of 45%. When the sensitivity was evaluated with reference to TSH stimulation and suppression, its values were 50 and 28% respectively. In 42 patients, FDG-PET failed to diagnose the reason for elevated Tg level. During further follow-up, in 17 of them, DTC recurrence was detected by other methods (CT, MRI, US). Fourteen subjects with asymptomatic hyperthyroglobulinemia were free of DTC progression for at least 4 years.

Conclusions

FDG-PET in DTC patients with asymptomatic hyperthyroglobulinemia constitutes a valuable diagnostic tool. Negative FDG-PET demonstrated a limited prognostic significance, as only every third patient did not show DTC progression. Moreover, negative FDG-PET does not justify less strict DTC monitoring, because it is related to 40% risk of relapse during the 5-year follow-up.
Hypothyroidism incidence in and around pregnancy: a Danish nationwide study
Authors: Andersen S L , Carlé A , Olsen J , Laurberg P
Published: August 2016

Objective

Immunological changes in and after a pregnancy may influence the onset of autoimmune diseases. An increased incidence of hyperthyroidism has been observed both in early pregnancy and postpartum, but it remains to be studied if the incidence of hypothyroidism varies in a similar way.

Design

Population-based cohort study using Danish nationwide registers.

Method

All women who gave birth to a singleton live-born child in Denmark from 1999 to 2008 (n = 403 958) were identified, and data on hospital diagnosis of hypothyroidism and redeemed prescriptions of thyroid hormone were extracted. The overall incidence rate (IR) of hypothyroidism during 1997–2010 and the IR in three-month intervals before, during and after the woman’s first pregnancy in the study period were calculated and compared with the IR of hyperthyroidism.

Results

Altogether 5220 women were identified with onset of hypothyroidism from 1997 to 2010 (overall IR 92.3/100 000/year) and 1572 women developed hypothyroidism in the period from 2 years before to 2 years after birth of the first child in the study period. The incidence of hypothyroidism decreased during the pregnancy (incidence rate ratio (IRR) vs overall IR in the rest of the study period: first trimester: 0.89 (95% CI: 0.66–1.19), second trimester: 0.71 (0.52–0.97), third trimester: 0.29 (0.19–0.45)) and increased after birth with the highest level at 4–6 months postpartum (IRR 3.62 (2.85–4.60)).

Conclusion

These are the first population-based data on the incidence of hypothyroidism in and around pregnancy. The incidence declined during pregnancy followed by a sharp increase postpartum. Notably, hypothyroidism as opposed to hyperthyroidism showed no early pregnancy increase.
Three-Dimensional Printing in Medicine: Promise and Challenge
Authors: Liu Jennifer
Published: August 2016

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a producing technique by which objects are created by depositing materials such as powders, plastic, liquids, metal, ceramics or even living cells in layers to provide a 3D object. Medical applications for 3D printing are increasing quickly and are expected to revolutionize health care. The current medical applications of 3D printing can be categorized into a number of categories: creating implants, tissue and organ fabrication; prosthetics, and pharmaceutical research concerning drug discovery and anatomical models. The usage of 3D printing in medicine industry will offer several benefits, such as: the personalization and customization of medical product, drugs, and equipment; cost-effectiveness; and enhanced productivity. But, it should be cautioned that despite recent important and exciting medical advances of 3D printing, notable scientific and regulatory challenges stay and the most transformative applications for this technology, like organ printing, can take time to evolve.
Las Fiestas de San Fermín en España: ¿Pasión o violencia?
Authors: Liu Jiaoyue
Published: August 2016

Se espera que con este ensayo se pueda conocer más sobre la cultura festival de España y promover el interés en aprender el idioma. Ya que existe la discrepancia sobre cancelar o conservar los sanfermines en la sociedad, se considera que es importante que cada vez más estudiosos den importancia a este tema y que se puedan hacer más investigaciones en este campo.
¿Qué es Tecnología? Una aproximación desde la Filosofía: Disertación en dos movimientos
Authors: Esparza Parga Rodrigo , Rubio Barrios Julio Ernesto
Published: August 2016

Iniciamos este tránsito del pensamiento preguntando por el qué es la tecnología. Y este habrá de ser nuestro constante preguntar a lo largo de las siguientes líneas; todo ello, con miras a elucidar una sucinta aproximación al ser esencial, al ser que insufla el carácter propio de aquello que nominamos Tecnología. Afirmamos que en tanto que humanos, nos resulta imposible escindir de dicha condición eso que llamamos Tecnología. Esta ha de ser la tesis fundamental que a través de las siguientes líneas se pretende defender Identificamos dos elementos esenciales que subyacen a toda tecnología, y estos son el transformar y el producir y tales categorías se habrán de desarrollar con miras a clarificar el qué de esa dimensión llamada Tecnología. Hacer un esfuerzo genuino por ofrecer una respuesta integral y coherente, mas no acabada, a la no sencilla pregunta de ¿qué es la tecnología? representa en la actualidad un imperativo, un hacer que no se puede postergar más, debido a las repercusiones que el ejercicio tecnológico ha tenido, tiene, y habrá de tener, sobre la especie y el lugar que la especie ocupa en la existencia, es decir, el mundo.
La Universidad en España y Colombia en la era de la globalización
Authors: Ospina García Santiago , Pujol Berché Mercè
Published: August 2016

En el presente artículo se revisan los asuntos más relevantes relacionados con la Universidad en España y Colombia actualmente. A pesar de sus diferencias, ambos países comparten problemáticas comunes en el mundo globalizado, de economía de mercado y de “economía del conocimiento”. Las consecuencias de las políticas económicas neoliberales creadas por organizaciones supranacionales como la OCDE y la Comisión Europea, aplicadas en estos países, resultan nefastas para sus servicios públicos y sistemas educativos. En este contexto, se proponen algunas reflexiones críticas sobre el estado actual de la Universidad en ambos países, las causas que han llevado al debilitamiento de esta y el papel que juegan las políticas de Estado en la reproducción de las desigualdades sociales y en la pauperización de la sociedad.
La forma semiótica artística-textual de decir y hacer lo in(debido): La meningitis y su sombra de Horacio Quiroga
Authors: Vargas Durán Ricardo
Published: August 2016

Se aplica con toda intensión teórica y metodológica para la lectura interpretativa del cuento de Horacio Quiroga, la semiótica sociológica y el reconocimiento de los diferentes mensajes que se estructuran en el sistema “multimodal del texto”, como referencialidad discursiva que enmascara otros razonamientos en la producción artístico literaria de lo narrado, es decir, más allá de la estilización propia de una literatura que usa lo extraño, lo raro y lo sorpresivo, como realidades que explican las relaciones sociales entre clases en vías de cambio y clases emergentes.
Genetikai és epigenetikai faktorok polycystás ovarium szindróma esetén
Authors: Herczeg Zita , Vanya Melinda , Szili Károly , Dézsi Csilla , Nagy Zsolt , Szabó János
Published: August 2016

The development of polycystic ovary syndrome and its exact pathophysiological mechanism is still unclear, but environmental and genetic factors likely play a role. Exposition to teratogenic effects during the prenatal development can lead to chronic diseases in the postnatal period. This finding confirms the common familial aggregation as well. A literature search was conducted up to January 1, 2016 for articles dealing with the genetic or epigenetic factors of polycystic ovary syndrome. This review will discuss the current understanding of the genetic basis and clinical presentation of this disease. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(32), 1275–1281.
Önidézetek: a tudománymetria mostohagyermekei?
Authors: Schubert András
Published: August 2016

Self-references, self-citations are considered by some as the sign of vanity, and deemed to be omitted from scientometrics analyses. In fact, self-citations reveal information in the study of scientific communications that is different but not less valuable than citations received from others. In the practice of self-citation severe ethical issues may emerge that can be bandled by the co-operation of the authors, editors and publishers. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(32), 1289–1293.
A szívinfarktusért felelős ér prognosztikus jelentőségének vizsgálata ST-elevációs szívinfarktusos betegekben
Authors: Jánosi András , Ofner Péter , Simkovits Dániel , Ferenci Tamás
Published: August 2016

Introduction: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, very few publications are available which report on the prognostic significance of the culprit vessel in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction treated with successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Aim: The aim of the authors was to obtain data on the significance of the culprit vessel in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction treated successfully by primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Method: The authors performed a retrospective study in 10,763 patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction who underwent successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention. The culprit vessels were the left main artery, left anterior descendent artery, left circumflex artery, and right coronary artery. The authors constructed univariate survival curves for different culprit vessels and also performed multivariate modelling of time-to-death, controlling for age, sex, and comorbidities. Results: The majority of the culprit lesions were found in the left anterior descendent artery (44.3%), the right coronary artery (40.9%), and the left circumflex artery (13.7%). The culprit vessel was overall a highly significant (p<0.0001) factor of survival, with right coronary artery exhibiting a highly significantly better prognosis (hazard ratio 0.69, 95% CI 0.61–0.79, p<0.0001) and left main artery exhibiting a significantly worse prognosis (hazard ratio 1.56, 95% CI 1.04–2.35, p = 0.0321) than the reference vessel (left anterior descendent artery). Conclusion: These data demonstrate that the culprit vessel has independent prognostic significance. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(32), 1282–1288.
A perifériás verőérbetegséggel és a cukorbetegséggel összefüggő alsó végtagi amputációk. Epidemiológiai adatok bemutatása és a megelőző stratégia lehetőségeinek elemzése
Authors: Kolossváry Endre , Járai Zoltán , Farkas Katalin
Published: August 2016

Lower limb amputation as one of the most devastating consequences of peripheral arterial disease and diabetes mellitus needs peculiar attention. This review aims at comparing Hungarian and international amputation data. Realizing the great variability of the global amputation incidence and trends data, the main determinants of this variety are assessed. These factors involve methodological differences in reporting, demographic, epidemiological, economic, societal and cultural variation of the affected populations and differences in the health care service. The amputation hazard can be considered as an example of lifetime risk that can be characterized by complex interaction of contionuously changing risk factor pattern. In that sense an effective preventive strategy planning needs complex measure implementations that associate with multidisciplinary approach, timely complex preventive interventions and centralized vascular care. Research and development on amputation field shows clear priority that can contribute to the better understanding of this extremely complex scenario with significant public health consequences. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(32), 1266–1274.
A cukorbeteg-ellátás mutatóinak alakulása Magyarországon 2001–2014 között. Az Országos Egészségbiztosítási Pénztár adatbázis-elemzésének célja és módszertana
Authors: Jermendy György , Kempler Péter , Abonyi-Tóth Zsolt , Rokszin György , Wittmann István
Published: August 2016

In the last couple of years, database analyses have become increasingly popular among clinical-epidemiological investigations. In Hungary, the National Health Insurance Fund serves as central database of all medical attendances in state departments and purchases of drug prescriptions in pharmacies. Data from in- and outpatient departments as well as those from pharmacies are regularly collected in this database which is public and accessible on request. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the database of the National Health Insurance Fund in order to analyze the diabetes-associated morbidity and mortality in the period of years 2001–2014. Moreover, data of therapeutic costs, features of hospitalizations and practice of antidiabetic treatment were examined. The authors report now on the method of the database analysis. It is to be hoped that the upcoming results of this investigation will add some new data to recent knowledge about diabetes care in Hungary. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(32), 1259–1265.
Decision Aids Can Support Cancer Clinical Trials Decisions: Results of a Randomized Trial
Authors: Politi Mary C. , Kuzemchak Marie D. , Kaphingst Kimberly A. , Perkins Hannah , Liu Jingxia , Byrne Margaret M.
Published: August 2016

Background.

Cancer patients often do not make informed decisions regarding clinical trial participation. This study evaluated whether a web-based decision aid (DA) could support trial decisions compared with our cancer center’s website.

Methods.

Adults diagnosed with cancer in the past 6 months who had not previously participated in a cancer clinical trial were eligible. Participants were randomized to view the DA or our cancer center’s website (enhanced usual care [UC]). Controlling for whether participants had heard of cancer clinical trials and educational attainment, multivariable linear regression examined group on knowledge, self-efficacy for finding trial information, decisional conflict (values clarity and uncertainty), intent to participate, decision readiness, and trial perceptions.

Results.

Two hundred patients (86%) consented between May 2014 and April 2015. One hundred were randomized to each group. Surveys were completed by 87 in the DA group and 90 in the UC group. DA group participants reported clearer values regarding trial participation than UC group participants reported (least squares [LS] mean = 15.8 vs. 32, p < .0001) and less uncertainty (LS mean = 24.3 vs. 36.4, p = .025). The DA group had higher objective knowledge than the UC group’s (LS mean = 69.8 vs. 55.8, p < .0001). There were no differences between groups in intent to participate.

Conclusions.

Improvements on key decision outcomes including knowledge, self-efficacy, certainty about choice, and values clarity among participants who viewed the DA suggest web-based DAs can support informed decisions about trial participation among cancer patients facing this preference-sensitive choice. Although better informing patients before trial participation could improve retention, more work is needed to examine DA impact on enrollment and retention.
Image and Substance Failures in Regional Organisations: Causes, Consequences, Learning and Change?
Authors: Chou Meng Hsuan , Howlett Michael , Koga Kei
Published: August 2016

States often pool their sovereignty, capacity and resources to provide regionally specific public goods, such as security or trade rules, and regional organisations play important roles in international relations as institutions that attempt to secure peace and contribute to achieving other similar global policy goals. We observe failures occurring in these arrangements and activities in two areas: substance and image. To analytically account for this, we distinguish four modes of substance and image change and link these to specific types of failure and (lack of) learning. To empirically ground and test our assumptions, we examine instances of image failure in ASEAN (political/security policy) and substantive policy failure in EU labour migration policy. In so doing, this article contributes to several different fields of study and concepts that have hitherto rarely engaged with one another: analyses of policy failure from public policy, and regional integration concerns from area studies and international relations. We conclude with suggestions for ways forward to further analyse and understand failures at the international and supranational levels.
Effect of gamma irradiation on fatty acid composition of total lipids in rabbit skin
Authors: Kostyuk S. , Busenko A.
Published: August 2016

It is found that gamma radiation leads to a significant decrease in the skin of rabbits content of these fatty acids, as meristinіс, pantadekanovaya, palmitic, palmitoleic, linoleic, arachidonic, and at the end issledvany, ie 76 Tide day, the concentration of fatty acids increased, and meristinіс palmitoleic and close to the physiological norm.
Влияние глобализационных процессов в мировой экономике на конкурентоспособность российского образования
Authors: Кожина Вероника Олеговна , Косевич Александр Валентинович
Published: August 2016

В статье обсуждаются актуальные вопросы влияния глобализации на конкурентоспособность российского образования. Анализируются факторы, влияющие на экспорт образовательных услуг в различных странах. Обосновывается стратегический потенциал России в сфере экспорта высшего образования. Анализируются причины, сдерживающие расширение экспорта российских образовательных услуг в настоящий период времени. Рассматриваются возможные меры по укреплению позиций России на международном рынке образовательных услуг со стороны как государства, так и вуза. Данная статья будет полезна исследователям, занимающимся вопросами экспорта образовательных услуг.
Технология внедрения в инновационный проект учетно-контрольного аутсорсинга с использованием системы управления ресурсами предприятия ERP SAP
Authors: Тимофеев Максим Александрович
Published: August 2016

В настоящее время инновационное развитие современных экономических кластеров при государственной и венчурной поддержке нуждается в аутсорсинговом стимулировании процессов инновационного проектирования, поэтому возникает необходимость при реализации инновационного проекта использовать инновационную управленческую технологию – учетно-контрольный аутсорсинг с интеграцией всех финансовых ресурсов проекта в программную среду, такую как система управления ресурсами предприятия ERP SAP. Автором представлен алгоритм трехстороннего взаимодействия аутсорсинго-обслуживаемого предприятия, венчурного инвестора и аутсорсера по интеграции документооборота в систему управления ресурсами ERP SAP. Данная система ERP SAP способствует автоматизации всех бизнес процессов инновационного проектирования предприятия ЗАО «ИТЦ Континуум», что ускоряет сроки разработки и реализации любого инновационного проекта предприятия –участника Фонда «Сколково». Предприятие ЗАО «ИТЦ Континуум» с использованием учетно-контрольного аутсорсинга при интеграции и автоматизации всех бизнес-процессов инновационного проектирования не только повысило инновационность менеджмента, но и высвободило работников, занятых рутинными операциями. Данные изменения позволили сократить административно-управленческие расходы, делегировать центры финансовой ответственности аутсорсеру и за счет функций учетно-контрольного аутсорсинга привлечь более высококвалифицированный персонал, что способствовало повышению качества и бесперебойной работе предприятия, а также возможности сконцентрироваться на выполнении ключевых бизнес-процессов каждого инновационного проекта. Статья может быть интересна широкому кругу ученых, занимающихся инновационным проектированием с использованием передовых программных продуктов, а также венчурным и грантовым инвесторам и предприятиям – участникам Фонда «Сколково», ведущим инновационную деятельность по разработке и коммерциализации инноваций.
О релевантной проблеме активного старения
Authors: Косьмина Елена Анатольевна , Косьмин Анатолий Данилович
Published: August 2016

В статье рассматривается одна из ключевых демографических проблем современности – стремительное старение населения, реально угрожающее фискальным системам развитых и быстроразвивающихся стран очередным коллапсом. Проблема стареющего населения в России усугубляется нынешним кризисным состоянием ее экономики, чрезвычайно слабо развитым рынком труда для пожилых людей. Выявляется положение России в рамках БРИКС и по сравнению со странами ЕС и обосновывается необходимость полного раскрытия интеллектуального потенциала пожилых людей – этого ценного и продуктивного ресурса. Для этого следует модернизировать существующие программы их господдержки и изменить сложившуюся практику на рынке труда, ориентированную исключительно на молодое поколение. Выводы, содержащиеся в статье, могут быть полезны чиновникам – разработчикам различных проектов по возвращению наиболее активной части пожилых людей в общественное производство.
Становление российского инновационного образования при переходе к экономике нового типа: актуальность и проблемы
Authors: Шишкарева Наталья Валерьевна , Савченко Ирина Ивановна , Ухалова Татьяна Сергеевна
Published: August 2016

В статье акцентируется внимание на том, что в достижении цели построения инновационной экономики в России первостепенную роль играет система образования, в том числе высшего. Однако становление российского инновационного образования сталкивается с рядом проблем: снижением качества образования в последние десятилетия; неподготовленностью студентов к самостоятельной работе с научной информацией и ее осмыслением; ослаблением воспитательной деятельности в вузах; недостаточным финансированием сферы образования и др. В статье отмечается, что главной задачей образования в России является формирование инновационной личности.