bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hacia un diálogo entre ciudad y naturaleza. Una revisión histórica para fundamentar una futuro ambiental menos incierto = Towards a dialogue between city and nature. A historical review to build a better environmental future
Authors: Zulategui Beñarán Javier
Published: November 2021

ResumenExiste un interés cada vez mayor por conseguir ciudades responsables con el medio ambiente y que dialoguen mejor con la naturaleza. Son muchos los elementos que intervienen en este diálogo: apostar por la sostenibilidad, reformular el paisaje urbano, profundizar en la relación de la ciudad con su entorno circundante o comprender mejor los flujos de energía y materia que en ella tienen lugar. Pero existen varios obstáculos. Al menos a lo largo de los últimos tres siglos, naturaleza y ciudad han sido entendidos en gran medida como opuestos. Es necesario superar la divergencia entre ciudad y naturaleza para poder plantear futuros escenarios urbanos ambientalmente adecuados. Esta investigación analiza históricamente cómo ha ido madurando la división entre ciudad y naturaleza para entender cómo se ha producido esta escisión. El trabajo tiene dos objetivos: 1) rastrear tanto el discurso urbano como el ambiental que a lo largo del siglo XIX y XX fue reforzando la escisión entre ciudad y naturaleza; 2) Identificar en el pasado autores urbanistas (a través de tres actitudes urbanas: paisajística, sostenible y ecológica) que se esforzaron por el encuentro entre ambas realidades. Comprender el pasado urbano y ambiental a través de un mismo discurso permite descubrir los propósitos ambientales que el urbanismo debería perseguir y ayuda a reforzar las estrategias y planteamientos urbanos futuros.AbstractThere is a growing interest in ensuring cities that are in better dialogue with nature. In this dialogue, many elements are involved: a commitment to sustainability, a reformulation of the urban landscape, a deeper inderstanding of the relationship between the city and its surrounding environment or a greater comprehension of the fluxes of energy and matter that take place in the city. There are, however, notable barriers. For at least the last three centuries, nature and city have been understood largely as opposites. From an environmental approach, the divergence between city and nature needs to be overcome if suitable urban solutions are to be found in the future. This research analyses, in a historical perspective, how the city-nature división has developed in order to understand how this split has come about. The study has two objectives: 1) to trace both the urban and environmental discourse that throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries reinforced the city-nature rupture; 2) To identify past city planners that strived for the convergence of both realitiesthrough three urban attitudes (landscape, sustainable, and ecological). Understanding the urban and environmental past through a single narrative allows us to explore the environmental goals that urban planning should chase and helps to reinforce future urban strategies and approaches.
Machine Learning for Screening Microvascular Complications in Type-2 Diabetic Patients using Demographic, Clinical, and Laboratory Profiles
Authors: Rashid Mamunur , Alkhodari Mohanad , Mukit Abdul , Ahmed Khawza Iftekhar Uddin , Mostafa Raqibul , Parveen Sharmin , Khandoker Ahsan H.
Published: November 2021

Microvascular complications are one of the key causes of mortality among type-2 diabetic patients. This study was sought to investigate the use of a novel machine learning approach for predicting these complications from patient demographic, clinical, and laboratory profiles only. A total of 96 Bangladeshi participants having type-2 diabetes were recruited during their routine hospital visits. All patient profiles were assessed by using a Chi-squared (2) test to statistically determine the most important markers in predicting four microvascular complications; namely cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), diabetic nephropathy (NEP), and diabetic retinopathy (RET). A machine learning approach based on random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) was then developed to ensure automated clinical testing for microvascular complication in diabetic patients. The highest prediction accuracies were obtained by RF using diastolic blood pressure, Albumin-Creatinine ratio, and gender for CAN testing (98.67%), Microalbuminuria, smoking history, and hemoglobin A1C for DPN testing (67.78%), Albumin-Creatinine ratio for NEP testing (100%), and hemoglobin A1C, Microalbuminuria, and smoking history for RET testing (84.38%). This study suggests machine learning as a promising automated tool for predicting microvascular complications in diabetic patients using their profiles, which could help prvent those patients from further microvascular complications leading to early death.
Lifestyle Variations During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study of Dietary, Physical Activities and Weight Gain Among the Adult Population
Authors: Hammouri Hanan , Almomani Fidaa , Abdel Muhsen Ruwa , Abughazzi Aysha , Daghmash Rawand , Abudayah Alaa , Hasan Inas
Published: November 2021

Since its inception in 2019, COVID-19 has been associated with significant changes in lifestyle-related behavior, including physical activity, diet, and sleep, which are vital to maintaining our well-being. This study measures lifestyle-related behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown using a 21-item questionnaire. The responses were collected from March 2021 to September 2021. Four hundred sixty-seven participants were engaged in assessing the changes caused by the pandemic and their effect on BMI. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were tested for 71 participants. Cronbach's alpha values for the questionnaire all exceeded 0.7, demonstrating good validity and internal consistency for it. The effect of each question regarding physical activity and dietary habits over the BMI difference was studied using ANOVA. The study shows that more than half of the participants reported snacking more between meals and increased their sitting and screen time, while 74% felt more stressed and anxious. These indications were the cause of the increase in the BMI rate for individuals in the lockdown. In contrast, 62% of the participants showed more awareness about their health by increasing the intake of immunity-boosting foods, and 56% of the participants showed an increase in the consumption of nutrition supplements. Females and married individuals tended to be healthier, so their BMI showed stability compared to others based on their gender and marital status.
Ecopolitana: a Plan of Cities, Territory, Landscape and Ecology
Authors: Del Fabbro Machado Luca , Venudo Adriano , Atobelli Alfredo , Bertuzzi Jennifer , Zampieri Francesca , Gatti Angela
Published: November 2021

A national green planning strategy has recently been introduced in the Italian urban planning sector, aimed at making all local initiatives undertaken nationwide consistent with each other. At a regional level, Friuli Venezia-Giulia has recently implemented a Landscaping Plan, which is of an urban planning and ecological nature at an intermediate level between national and local. This article describes the local green plan of Latisana, which has been entitled Ecopolitana, given that it is represents the experimental phase, at a regional level, of the possibilities offered by landscape planning and design. Specifically, it outlines the multi-disciplinary approach used, demonstrating how landscape planning can be compared to the sustainable development of cities, with specific regard to the agricultural sector. Regarding the agricultural sector, a low-intensity cropping model is also suggested, based on the principles of agroecology and landscape ecology, which has already been implemented in the historical rural landscape of Plasencis (UD) and developed through GIS analysis and remote sensing processes. Its aim is to be the starting point for the achievement of the goals set in the 2030 Agenda, and especially Goals 13 (Climate action) and 15 (Life on land), given the current scarcity of agroecological infrastructures in the area of Latisana (UD) and the high percentage of soil used for intensive cropping.
PRDX6 Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Human Gingival Fibroblasts by Regulation of NRF2
Authors: Yang Wen-ying , Meng Xiang , Wang Yue-rong , Wang Qing-qing , He Xin , Sun Xiao-yu , Cheng Nan , Zhang Lei
Published: November 2021

Periodontitis is a progressive and inflammatory oral disease and results in the damage of the supporting tissues of teeth. Peroxiredoxin6 (PRDX6) is an antioxidant enzyme and has been identified as a regulator in redox balance. This study aimed to investigate whether PRDX6 could protect human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammation and its mechanisms. Here, both inflamed and non-inflamed human gingival tissues were collected to assess the expression of PRDX6 and NRF2 by Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Furthermore, HGFs were stimulated with LPS, MJ33 (PRDX6 phospholipase A2 inhibitor), or ML385 (NRF2 inhibitor). The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured by RT-qPCR and ELISA, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected using DCFH-DA. PRDX6 was downregulated in inflamed gingival tissues. In HGFs, LPS induced inflammatory cytokines and ROS was upregulated in PRDX6 knockdown cells. Furthermore, co-treatment with MJ33 alleviated LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines and ROS, while inhibiting NRF2 upregulated those in HGFs. Therefore, this study provided a new mechanistic insight that PRDX6, regulated by the NRF2 signaling, alleviates LPS- induced periodontitis in human gingival fibroblasts.
Elastic Laminar Reorganization Occurs with Outward Diameter Expansion during Collateral Artery Growth and Requires Lysyl Oxidase for Stabilization
Authors: McEnaney Ryan M , McCreary Dylan D , Skirtich Nolan , Andraska Elizabeth , Sachdev Ulka , Tzeng Edith
Published: November 2021

When a large artery becomes occluded, hemodynamic changes stimulate remodeling of arterial networks to form collateral arteries in a process termed arteriogenesis. However, the structural changes necessary for collateral remodeling have not been defined. We hypothesize that decon-struction of the extracellular matrix is essential to the remodeling of smaller arteries into effective collaterals. Using multiphoton microscopy, we analyzed collagen and elastin structure in maturing collateral arteries isolated from ischemic rat hindlimbs. Collateral arteries harvested at different timepoints showed progressive diameter expansion associated with striking rearrangement of in-ternal elastic lamina (IEL) into a loose fibrous mesh, a pattern persisting at 8 weeks. Despite a 2.5-fold increase in luminal diameter, total elastin content remained unchanged in collaterals compared with control arteries. Among the collateral midzones, baseline elastic fiber content is low. Outward remodeling of these vessels with a 10-20 fold diameter increase was associated with fractures of the elastic fibers and evidence of increased wall tension as demonstrated by straight-ening of the adventitial collagen. Inhibition of lysyl oxidase (LOX) function with β-aminopropionitrile resulted in severe fragmentation or complete loss of continuity of the IEL in developing collaterals. Collateral artery development is associated with permanent redistribution of existing elastic fibers to accommodate diameter growth. We found no evidence of new elastic fiber formation. Stabilization of the arterial wall during outward remodeling is necessary and dependent on LOX activity.
Mucilage of Coccinia grandis as an Efficient Natural Polymer-Based Pharmaceutical Excipient
Authors: Ilango Kumbakonam Balachandran , Gowthaman Senguttuvan , Seramaan Kumbakonam Ilango , Chidambaram Kumarappan , Bayan Mohammad F , Rahamathulla Mohamed
Published: November 2021

Mucilage from Coccinia grandis was extracted, isolated by maceration technique and precipitated, accordingly. The mucilage was evaluated for its physicochemical, binding, and disintegrant properties in tablets using paracetamol as a model drug. The crucial physicochemical properties such as flow properties, solubility, swelling index, loss on drying, viscosity, pH, microbial load, cytotoxicity were evaluated and the compatibility was analysed using sophisticated instrumental methods (TGA, DTA, DSC, and FTIR). The binding properties of the mucilage were used at three different concentrations and compared with starch and PVP as standard binders. The disintegrant properties of mucilage were used at two different concentrations and compared with standard disintegrants MCCP, SSG, and CCS. The wet granulation technique was used for the preparation of granules and was evaluated for the flow properties. The tablets were punched and evaluated for their hardness, friability, assay, disintegration time, in vitro dissolution profiles. In vitro cytotoxicity study of the mucilage was performed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cell line using cytotoxic assay by MTT method. The outcome of the study indicated that the mucilage had good performance when compared with starch and PVP. Further, the mucilage acts as a good disintegrant than MCCP, SSG and CCS to paracetamol tablets. Moreover, the in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation results demonstrated that the mucilage is non-cytotoxic to human cells and is safe.
Development and Validation of a Questionnaire to Measure Association Factors with Suicide
Authors: Rodrigues Juliano Flávio Rubatino , Payão Spencer , Fischer Hannes
Published: November 2021

Objective: Our goal is to develop an online questionnaire to survey the prevalence of suicidal behavior. Methods: We developed a questionnaire with 51 variables and proceeded with validations. Validations were performed using face validity, content validity, and construct validity. Reliability was performed by test-rest. Results: The face validity was 1.0 and the content validity was 0.91. The exploratory factor analysis got KMO = 0.86 and extracted one principal factor. The confirmatory factor analysis demonstrates RMSEA= 0.000 and CFI=1.000. The test-retest had an intraclass correlated coefficient of 0.98. Conclusion: The adequate development questionnaire was validated, and we have an instrument to survey suicide behaviors in the pandemic time.
COVID-19 OUTCOMES: DRUG TREATMENT OPTIONS
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, KHAMITOV RUSTEM F. , ZHESTKOV ALEXANDER V. ,   Samara State Medical University, Russia, VIZEL ALEXANDER A. ,   Kazan State Medical University, FEDOTOV VASILY D. ,   Nizhny Novgorod research institute for hygiene and occupational medicine, Russia
Published: November 2021

Background. Since December 2019 there has been a rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic across most of the world. This has determined the enormous burden on the global economy. The burden of the new coronavirus infection is determined not only by the costs directly related to the treatment of the acute phase of the disease, but also by the successful rehabilitation of patients after COVID-19, risk reduction and timely management of adverse outcomes for optimal patient recovery. Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze the adverse outcomes of COVID-19 and to estimate the possibility of their correction and prevention. Material and methods. We analyzed the PubMed database for 2020–2021 using the keywords «COVID-19, pulmonary outcomes and treatment», as well as the online meetings of chief pulmonologists of the Volga Federal District (VFD) in April 2021, where we heard about the regional experience in prevention and correction of COVID-19 adverse outcomes. Results and discussion. More and more publications are appearing on the so-called «postdrome» after COVID-19. Postdrome problems are becoming increasingly important as more and more treated patients are discharged from hospitals. To date, there are already over 103 million COVID-19 survivors. In patients with severe or critical manifestations of the disease, widespread and progressive endothelial thrombosis with diffuse microvascular thrombosis is increasingly evident as the final stage of the proinflammatory cytokine storm. Adequate anticoagulant therapy primarily using heparins with direct antiviral activity, preventing venous thromboembolism, being used for pulmonary thrombosis, is relevant in the prevention of adverse outcomes. Many authors note long-lasting residual changes on lung CT after the acute phase of COVID-19. At the same time, unlike post-inflammatory pneumosclerosis in the outcome of bacterial pneumonias, these changes can often regress within 6–12 months after a viral infection. Along with the effects of optimal anticoagulant therapy in the prevention of adverse COVID-19 outcomes, the available literature discusses the possibility of different regimens of glucocorticosteroid therapy. At the expert council of pulmonology specialists of the Volga Federal District the regional experience of using a domestic drug bovgialuronidase azoximer (Longidase) with official indications for treatment of fibrosis was covered in the therapeutic complex of patients with severe forms of COVID-19. Conclusion. Accumulating the evidence base of different ways of prevention and correction of residual changes in COVID-19 patients, which significantly deteriorate patients’ ability to work as well as their quality of life, can be considered one of the main priorities of modern COVID-19 medicine.
THE INFORMATIVE VALUE OF PELVIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN RECURRENT EXTERNAL GENITAL ENDOMETRIOSIS
Authors:   of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russia, Moscow, ALIEVA FARAKH T. , BRYUNIN DMITRY V. ,   Clinic of obstetrics and gynecology named after V.F. Snegirev, Russia, Moscow,, ALIEVA FIDAN T. ,   of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russia, Moscow
Published: November 2021

Background. In the structure of gynecological diseases, endometriosis ranks II after inflammatory diseases of the genitals and uterine myoma. The incidence of genital endometriosis is 92–94%, with an annual incidence ranging from 0,1% to 0,3%. The disease is characterized by tumor-like type of growth, affection of adjacent organs, and severe complications that lead to disability in patients. Aim. To study the informative value of ultrasound examination of the reproductive system organs in recurrent external genital endometriosis. Material and methods. Forty-eight patients with recurrent external genital endometriosis were examined. The mean age of the patients was (34,96±1,1) years. The history of endometriosis was in the range of (10,0±1,41) years (9–11). Recurrence rate averaged (2,02±0,44) years (1–4). The duration of remission averaged (6,1±0,84) years (1–15). All the patients underwent ultrasound examination with a transvaginal transducer. The length, width, anteroposterior uterine size, M-echo, and length and width of both ovaries were determined. Echographic features of endometrioid ovarian cysts and retrocervical endometrioid infiltrate were evaluated during ultrasound examination. The findings were compared with the echographic findings in women (n=20) with no history of endometriosis (comparison group). Results and discussion. Transvaginal ultrasonography in recurrent external genital endometriosis showed a significant increase in the echographic dimensions of uterine length (54,3±0,41) mm, width (47,9±0,13) mm, anteroposterior dimension (56,1±0,18) mm, endometrial thickness (6,6±0,09) mm, and increased echographic dimensions of both ovaries (p<0,05). Transvaginal ultrasound examination is informative in the diagnosis of endometrioid ovarian cysts. In 75,6% of patients, it manifests as a fluid mass with a heterogeneous suspension. In 75% of patients, retrocervical endometrioid infiltrate manifests as a heterogeneous, hypoechogenic, painful mass located behind the uterus. Conclusion. Transvaginal ultrasound is informative in the diagnosis of endometrioid ovarian cysts. Echographic diagnosis of endometrioid infiltrates of the vesicoureteral peritoneal fold, sacroiliac, broad uterine ligaments, and pelvic peritoneum presents difficulties, which justifies the necessity of laparoscopic diagnosis.
Thai Undergraduate Student Awareness of Regular and Irregular Grapheme-Phoneme Correspondence
Authors: Perrodin David D.
Published: November 2021

Recent events in Thailand in reference to the teaching of phonics for better comprehension of English vocabulary have highlighted the overuse of identifying letter-sound relationships in English by utilizing the familiar Thai orthography to assist developing Thai EFL learners. This paper investigated the long-term effects of using such pedagogy on recognizing regular and irregular Grapheme-Phoneme Correspondences (GPC) in English by Thai undergraduate students. To address this matter, the study used a convenience sampling of 373 first-year university students from 11 general education English classes at a mid-sized private university near Bangkok, Thailand. The familiar English poem I Take It You Already Know was employed for data collection, for it consists of a practical ratio of frequent and infrequent English grapheme-phoneme correspondences. Extensive lists of recognized grapheme-phoneme correspondences were used to identify the frequent or regular, and the infrequent or irregular main phoneme present in each of the 60 most frequently queried content words of the poem. Point-Biserial Correlation was employed to measure the strength of association between the frequency occurrence of the most queried content words from the data set, and the examined weighted word frequency data. The findings suggest that, in general, the Thai undergraduate students demonstrated an overall lack of recognition of regular and irregular Grapheme-Phoneme Correspondences of English. 
Cultural tourism in cities post-COVID-19: a perspective and proposals for an alternative model
Authors: Escudero Gómez Luis Alfonso
Published: November 2021

El turismo cultural urbano tras la pandemia de la COVID-19: una perspectiva y propuestas de un modelo alternativo
El turismo era una máquina en continuo crecimiento hasta su paralización con la pandemia de la COVID-19. En las ciudades, se incrementaban sus impactos negativos y había situaciones de sobreturismo. La pandemia es un momento disruptivo y excepcional. Es una ocasión para abandonar el camino hacia la insostenibilidad. Este artículo es un análisis turístico crítico donde se plantea cuál es la perspectiva pospandémica del turismo cultural urbano con una visión alejada de la búsqueda del lucro como fin último. El objetivo principal es plantear propuestas de un modelo alternativo y sostenible. Es un trabajo teórico que recurre a la revisión literaria de 180 obras científicas. De manera complementaria, se accede a las informaciones de los medios y se realiza una observación de la realidad, con trabajo de campo. Se propone una limitación de los visitantes y una mejora en la calidad mediante visitas guiadas, rutas turísticas, turismo experiencial y turismo virtualizado. Y se plantea una nueva gobernanza turística centralizada y una regulación de los agentes privados. Se considera que el artículo es de interés para los responsables públicos del turismo en las ciudades.
Inseguridad alimentaria y percepción de cambios en la alimentación en hogares mexicanos durante el confinamiento por la pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Rodríguez-Ramírez Sonia , Gaona-Pineda Elsa Berenice , Martínez-Tapia Brenda , Romero-Martínez Martín , Mundo-Rosas Verónica , Shamah-Levy Teresa
Published: November 2021

Objetivo. Estudiar la asociación de la inseguridad alimentaria con los cambios percibidos en la alimentación durante el confinamiento por Covid-19 en México. Material y métodos. El nivel de inseguridad alimentaria se obtuvo utilizando la Escala Latinoamericana y Caribeña de Seguridad Alimentaria (ELCSA) en 9 933 hogares de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición Continua 2020 Covid-19 (Ensanut -Continua- 2020 Covid-19). Los cambios en el consumo de grupos de alimentos durante el confinamiento se clasificaron en negativos, positivos o sin cambios durante el confinamiento. La asociación entre cambios en la alimentación e inseguridad alimentaria se analizó con modelos multinomiales ajustados por características sociodemográficas del hogar. Resulta­dos. Los hogares con reducción en el gasto en alimentos e inseguridad alimentaria severa mostraron mayor probabilidad de tener cambios negativos en su alimentación (0.43, IC95%: 0.40-0.46). Conclusiones. La inseguridad alimentaria severa se asocia con cambios negativos en la alimentación durante el confinamiento por Covid-19, en hogares con reducción del gasto en alimentos.
Prevalence of diabetes and glycemic control in Mexico: national results from 2018 and 2020
Authors: Basto-Abreu Ana Cristina , López-Olmedo Nancy , Rojas-Martínez Rosalba , Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A. , De la Cruz-Góngora Vanessa Vianey , Rivera-Dommarco Juan , Shamah-Levy Teresa , Romero-Martínez Martín , Barquera Simón , Villalpando Salvador , Barrientos-Gutiérrez Tonatiuh
Published: November 2021

Objective. To estimate the prevalence of diabetes (diagnosed and undiagnosed), glycemic control in Mexico, and its associated factors. Materials and methods. We used data from Ensanut 2018 (n=12 648) and 2020 (n=2 309). We defined diabetes as fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dl or HbA1c≥6.5% or previously diagnosed; glycemic control was defined as HbA1c<7%. We fitted Poisson regression models to assess the association between diabetes, glycemic control, and potential associated factors. Results. The total prevalence of diabetes was 16.8% in 2018 and 15.7% in 2020. In 2018, 38% of adults with diabetes were unaware of their disease, while in 2020 this figure was 29%. Glycemic control was observed in 42% of participants in 2018 and 39% in 2020. Longer disease duration was associated with lower glycemic control, while older age, having a diet, and being affiliated to IMSS, Pemex, Sedena, or private healthcare were associated with better control. Conclusion. Mexico is among the countries with the highest diabetes prevalence. A high proportion of adults with diabetes did not have a previous diagnosis, and the proportion with glycemic control is low. Strengthening screening to achieve a timely diagnosis, and improving glycemic control, should be key actions in the management of diabetes.
Seroprevalencia de SARS-CoV-2 en niños y adolescentes mexicanos en edad escolar
Authors: Canto-Osorio Francisco , Stern Dalia , Pérez-Ferrer Carolina , Arias-de la Garza Eduardo , Danon Leon , Barrientos-Gutiérrez Tonatiuh , Lajous Martín
Published: November 2021

Objetivo. Estimar la seroprevalencia de SARS-CoV-2 en población de edad escolar en México. Material y métodos. Se categorizaron a niños y adolescentes que participaron en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2020 sobre Covid-19 (Ensanut 2020 Covid-19) por edad escolar y nivel educativo. En participantes seropositivos, se identificó la proporción de infecciones asintomáticas. Se estimaron razones de prevalencia usando un modelo de regresión log-binomial. Resultados. La seroprevalencia en educación básica y media fue de 18.7% (IC95%: 14.9, 22.5) y 26.7% (IC95%: 22.1, 31.3), respectivamente. La infección asintomática fue más frecuente en educación básica (88.5% [IC95%: 80.5, 93.5]). Conclusiones. En población de educación básica la infección por SARS-CoV-2 es baja y usualmente asintomática.
Desnutrición y talla baja como indicadores de salud
Authors: Arriaga-Cázares Héctor Eliud
Published: November 2021

No disponible
Factores asociados con el consumo excesivo de alcohol: Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2020 sobre Covid-19
Authors: Rivera-Rivera Leonor , Séris-Martínez Marina , Reynales-Shigematsu Luz Myriam , Villalobos Aremis , Jaen-Cortés Claudia Ivethe , Natera-Rey Guillermina
Published: November 2021

Objetivo. Conocer la magnitud del consumo excesivo de alcohol (CEA) y su asociación con los factores individuales, familiares y sociales entre agosto y noviembre de 2020 en México. Material y métodos. Con base en los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2020 sobre Covid-19, se analizaron 8 595 adultos mayores de 20 años. Se estimaron modelos de regresión logística estratificados por sexo y se obtuvieron razones de momios (RM) con intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%). Resultados. El CEA fue de 40.43%; hombres 56.49% y mujeres 25.70%. Los principales factores asociados fueron ser hombre (RM=3.66; IC95%: 3.22,4.12), edad de 20 a 29 años (RM=3.65; IC95%: 2.89,4.63), salir a trabajar durante la pandemia (RM=1.56; IC95%: 1.33,1.81) y tener dos o más escolares en el hogar (RM=1.20; IC95%: 1.03,1.39). Conclusiones. En México, el patrón de CEA es prevalente; por su naturaleza de riesgo y su amplia distribución poblacional, es prioritario implementar intervenciones preventivas individuales y de salud pública.
Actividad física y estilo de vida sedentario en adultos, cambios durante el confinamiento por la pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Flores-Olivares Luis Alberto , Cervantes-Hernández Natanael , Quintana-Mendias Estefania , Enriquez-del Castillo Liliana Aracely
Published: November 2021

No disponible
Numerical Study on the Impact of Spiral Tortuous Hole on Cuttings Removal in Horizontal Wells
Authors: Khaled Mohamed Shafik , Ferroudji Hicham , Rahman Mohammad Azizur , Galal Ibrahim Hasan , Hasan A. Rashid
Published: November 2021

Horizontal wells are designed to have smooth (straight), curved, and lateral sections. However, the actual drilled path usually suffers from unwanted undulations from the planned well trajectory known as wellbore tortuosity. Wellbore tortuosity can slow the drilling penetration rate, aggravate drillstring vibration and buckling, complicate the casing and cement job, and lead to inaccurate wellbore position. This paper presents a validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to investigate the impact of wellbore tortuosity on hole cleaning. The Eulerian-Eulerian approach is used to simulate solid-liquid laminar flow in annular geometry using polyhedral mesh. Then, the impact of wellbore tortuosity on cuttings accumulation, annular pressure loss, and fluid velocity was investigated and compared with the flow behavior in a straight horizontal well. A parametric analysis of spiral period length, spiral amplitude, drillstring rotation, flow rate, annular eccentricity, drilling rate of penetration (ROP), and cuttings size was conducted to assess their influence on cuttings transport in spiral tortuous holes and their relative magnitude to other design or operating factors.

Simulation results show that polyhedral mesh is an optimum meshing technique for spiral profile geometry. Wellbore tortuosity aggravates hole cleaning in lateral sections based on the length of the spiral period and/or the spiral amplitude. Reduction in cuttings velocity was observed in the top part of the spiral geometry (crest), causing large deposition of cuttings in this area compared to the spiral lower part (trough). Drillstring rotation from 0 to 200 rev/min is the critical range for efficient hole cleaning in spiral geometry. Cuttings size can improve cuttings accumulation if the particle size is larger than the viscous layer located near the bed velocity profile. The drilling ROP and annular eccentricity aggravate cuttings accumulation and bed deposition in a spiral hole, similar to what is normally observed in straight horizontal wells.
Logging Optimization and Data Analysis Enabling Bypass Pay Identification and Hydrocarbon Quantification with Advanced Pulsed Neutron Behind Casing
Authors: Iuras Sviatoslav , Ahmad Samira , Cavalleri Chiara , Akashev Yernur
Published: November 2021

Ukraine ranks the third largest gas reserves in Europe. Gas production is carried out mainly from the Dnieper-Donets Basin (DDB). A gradual decline in reserves is forcing Ukraine to actively search for possible sources to increase reserves by finding bypassed gas intervals in existing wells or exploration of new prospects. This paper describes 3 case studies, where advanced pulsed neutron logging technology has shown exceptional value in gas-bearing layer identification in different scenarios.

The logging technology was applied for formation evaluation. The technology is based on the neutron interaction with the minerals and the fluids contained in the pore space. The logging tool combines measurements from multiple detectors and spacing for self-compensated neutron cross-capture section (sigma) and hydrogen index (HI), and the Fast Neutron Cross Section (FNXS) high-energy neutron elastic cross section rock property. Comprehensive capture and inelastic elemental spectroscopy are simultaneously recorded and processed to describe the elemental composition and the matrix properties, reducing the uncertainties related to drilling cuttings analysis, and overall, the petrophysical evaluation combined with other log outputs.

The proposed methodology was tested in several wells, both in open hole and behind casing. In the study we present its application in three wells from different fields of the DDB. The log data acquisition and analysis were performed across several sandstone beds and carbonates formation with low porosities (<10%), in various combinations of casing and holes sizes. The results showed the robustness and effectiveness of using the advanced pulsed neutron logging (PNL) technologies in multiple cases:

Case Study A: Enabling a standalone cased hole evaluation and highlighting new potential reservoir zones otherwise overlooked due to absence of open hole logs. Case Study B: Finding by-passed hydrocarbon intervals that were missed from log analysis based on conventional open hole logs for current field operator. Case Study C: Identifying gas saturated reservoirs and providing solid lithology identification that previously was questioned from drilling cuttings in an unconventional reservoir.
Multiple Application of Multi-Energy Gamma Ray Venture Type Multiphase Flowmeter in Giant Karachaganak Gas Condensate Field
Authors: Kartamyssov Aidyn , Bissakayev Beibit , Zhumabayev Bolat , Shektebayeva Raziya , Durekovic Miro , Akbayev Beibit , Kaipov Yermek
Published: November 2021

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate multiple application of multi-energy gamma ray venture type multiphase flowmeter (MPFM) trial campaign in Karachaganak gas condensate giant carbonate field, operated by KPO B.V.

The results of MPFM that was included into surface well test spread, to verify its performance, was compared against portable test separator and plant production testing facilities (control separator, flowmeters) and manual sampling results. MPFM from other vendors historically failed to deliver accurate production measurement mainly due to complexity of reservoir fluid in Karachaganak field. To ensure the MPFM considers this complexity, PVT samples were taken to provide laboratory data for PVT model of the MPFM to ensure sufficient quality of PVT data and compare against PVT model inside MPFM.

First application of MPFM was during clean-up of the well prior handover well to production. Using MPFM helped to improve the quality during data acquisition. This information was critical for the well to be accepted by processing facility it is hooked-up to and to define optimal operating regime. Validation of BS&W, GOR and rates in unstable (foaming, carry over) and transient phase of production using MPFM has shown practical advantages.

Another application was for water sampling loops to measure water cut and production rates. KPO has had challenges with inaccurate water cut measurement due to the limitations of existing test separators. A recent approach of performing fluid sampling (sampling loop) at the well head proved to be reliable source of measurements. In addition, the MPFM in combination with the test separator has been used to further improve the quality of the measurements of each phase.

The third MPFM application had been with high gas-volume-fraction (HGVF) pumps, that helped to produce from low reservoir pressure, low GOR and high water cut wells. The operational range of HGVF pump was limited to maximum 75-80% of gas-volume-fraction (GVF). MPFM measures GVF in real-time to ensure HGVF pump operates in optimum operational range by managing the surface flow conditions.

With current limitations of test separators in Karachaganak field and due to complexity of the gas-condensate fluid, the use of MPFM brings additional quality in the measurements (rates, water cut and GOR) which is crucial for field production optimization, reservoir management and short and long term forecasting.
Some Aspects of Seismic Data Reverse Time Migration for Salt Tectonics Geology of the Dnieper-Donets Basin
Authors: Kuzmenko Pavlo , Buhrii Viktor , D'Aguanno Carlo , Maliar Viktor , Kashuba Hrigorii , Loktiev Valentyn , Rusachenko Nataliia , Epifani Annalisa , Mantovani Marco , De Luca Luciana
Published: November 2021

Processing of the seismic data acquired in areas of complex geology of the Dnieper-Donets basin, characterized by the salt tectonics, requires special attention to the salt dome interpretation. For this purpose, Kirchhoff Depth Imaging and Reverse Time Migration (RTM) were applied and compared. This is the first such experience in the Dnieper-Donets basin. According to international experience, RTM is the most accurate seismic imaging method for steep and vertical geological (acoustic contrast) boundaries. Application of the RTM on 3D WAZ land data is a great challenge in Dnieper-Donets Basin because of the poor quality of the data with a low signal-to-noise ratio and irregular spatial sampling due to seismic acquisition gaps and missing traces. The RTM algorithm requires data, organized to native positions of seismic shots. For KPSDM we used regularized data after 5D interpolation. This affects the result for near salt reflection. The analysis of KPSDM and RTM results for the two areas revealed the same features. RTM seismic data looked more smoothed, but for steeply dipping reflections, lateral continuity of reflections was much improved. The upper part (1000 m) of the RTM has shadow zones caused by low fold. Other differences between Kirchhoff data and RTM are in the spectral content, as the former is characterized by the full range of seismic frequency spectrum. Conversely, beneath the salt, the RTM has reflections with steep dips which are not observed on the KPSDM. It is possible to identify new prospects using the RTM seismic image. Reverse Time Migration of 3D seismic data has shown geologically consistent results and has the potential to identify undiscovered hydrocarbon traps and to improve salt flank delineation in the complex geology of the Dnieper-Donets Basin's salt domes.
Preservation and Destruction of Accumulations in Petroleum Systems of Western Margin of East European Craton
Authors: Karpenko Ivan , Karpenko Oleksii
Published: November 2021

The offshore segments of the Pre-Dobrogea foredeep is absolutely unexplored, there is no a single well penetrated Paleozoic units within offshore areas. This study, a deep dive into petroleum system evolution of similar foredeep basin based on a 3D basin modeling was performed in order to get understanding of petroleum systems and geology of offshore segment of Pre-Dobrogea. Western edge of East European craton is about 1450 km takes from Western Black sea shore to Southern shore of Baltic sea. This area within Ukraine includes Pre-Dobrogea foredeep basin, Pre-Carpathian foredeep basin (Bylche-Volytsa foredeep), Lviv Paleozoic basin and extensive Paleozoic margin called Volyno-Podillia area (Figure 1). All mentioned basins have similar sedimentary history, similar dynamics of tectonic evolution, proven petroleum systems of almost the same age, discovered commercial and sub-commercial accumulations and are heavily underexplored and undervalued. 3D basin modeling as a primary exploration technique was applied to mentioned basins in order to identify common features in tectonic development, in sedimentation and evolution of petroleum systems. Identified basins’ similar features now could be extrapolated to underexplored formations and areas within the study area.

Figure 1 Western margin of East European Craton with marked areas of study (edited after Mikołajczak, 2016)
Nano Chemical Design for Excessive Water Production Control in Taq Taq Oil Field
Authors: Soka Sakar , Sidiq Hiwa
Published: November 2021

A common problem in oil and gas field is premature and excessive water production through higher permeable thief zone, faults, water conning or channeling and natural or induced fracture. Excessive water production impacts the economics of a well through increasing rate of corrosion, emulsion and scale formation, consequently shortening its production life and lowering flowing wellhead pressure. There are several techniques used to control excessive water production such as chemical and mechanical.

In this work a novel chemical approach was followed to tackle excessive water production in Taq Taq oil field located in Kurdistan Region Iraq. Water production into the reservoir was determined to be through the fractures as the reservoir units are highly fractured carbonates. Therefore, the chemicals designed by this work were to reduce excessive water production selectively and fracture connectivity in the zones where excessive water production is expected.

Three nano-solutions have been prepared and investigated for their rheological properties. Only one is selected and met the field screening criteria. The composition of the nano-solutions were mainly polyacrylamide mixed with nano composite of cement, clay and inorganic cross-linker. All nano-solution underwent extensive screening and studied for their mechanical strength, toughness and tensile module. Results showed that nano-solutions strength increases with increasing the nano concentration. Similarly, their viscosity and degradation resistance are improved noticeably with nano composites.

The scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was also used to characterized the nano size and distribution studied by this work.
The SARS-CoV-2 spike residues 616/644 and 1138/1169 delineate two antibody epitopes in COVID-19 mRNA COMINARTY vaccine (Pfizer/BioNTech)
Authors: ANDRIES Jessica , VIRANAICKEN Wildriss , CORDONIN Colette , PLANESSE Cynthia , ROQUEBERT Bénédicte , LAGRANGE-XELOT Marie , MEILHAC Olivier , MAVINGUI Patrick , COURET David , GADEA Gilles , DESPRES Philippe
Published: November 2021

The newly identified coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the worldwide pandemic COVID-19. Considerable efforts have been made for the development of effective vaccine strategies against COVID-19. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein has been assigned as major antigen candidate for the development of COVID-19 vaccines. The COVID-19 mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine (comirnaty, Pfizer/BioNTech) is a lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA encoding a full-length and prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. In the present study, synthetic peptide-based ELISA assays were performed to identify linear B cell epitopes that contribute to elicitation of antibody response in vaccinated individuals with comirnaty. The synthetic S2P6 peptide containing the spike residues 1138/1169 and to a lesser extent, the synthetic S1P4 peptide containing the spike residues 616/644 were recognized by the immune sera from comirnaty recipients but not COVID-19 recovered patients. The S2P6 peptide has been identified as immunogenic peptide in adult BALB/c mice that received protein-peptide conjugates in a prime-boost schedule. Based on our data, we propose that the synthetic S2P6 peptide and to a lesser extent the synthetic S1P4 peptide, would be of interest to measure the dynamic of antibody response to comirnaty vaccine. The synthetic S2P6 peptide is a SARS-CoV-2 spike peptide candidate for the development of peptide-based vaccines against COVID-19.
Microscopic mechanism for fluctuating pair density wave
Authors: Setty Chandan , Fanfarillo Laura , Hirschfeld Peter
Published: November 2021

In weakly coupled BCS superconductors, only electrons within a tiny energy window around the Fermi energy, EF, form Cooper pairs. This may not be the case in strong coupling superconductors such as cuprates, FeSe, SrTiO3 or cold atom condensates where the pairing scale, EB, becomes comparable or even larger than EF. In cuprates, for example, a plausible candidate for the pseudogap state at low doping is a fluctuating pair density wave, but no microscopic model has yet been found which supports such a state. In this work, we write an analytically solvable model to examine pairing phases in the strongly coupled regime and in the presence of anisotropic interactions. Already for moderate coupling we find an unusual finite temperature phase, below an instability temperature Ti, where local pair correlations have non-zero center-of-mass momentum but lack long-range order. At low temperature, this fluctuating pair density wave can condense either to a uniform d-wave super- conductor or the widely postulated pair-density wave phase depending on the interaction strength. Our minimal model offers a unified microscopic framework to understand the emergence of both fluctuating and long range pair density waves in realistic systems.
Simultaneously Enhancing Aggregation-Induced Emission and Boosting Two-Photon Absorption Performance of Perylene Diimides through Regioisomerization
Authors: Xu Liang , Long Xueting , Deng Ziqi , Yang Sirui , Wu Jieyu , Yin Lingfeng , Jiang Xiaofang , Lu Fushen , Li Ming-De , Zhang Qichun
Published: November 2021

The integration of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and two-photon absorption (2PA) into one molecule is very important because such combination would endow the material with synergetic effect for diverse and broader applications. Herein, two regioisomers based on perylene diimide and anthracene moieties are designed and synthesized. The as-prepared compounds exhibit distinct AIE and 2PA properties, where the ortho-substituted one not only exhibits enhanced and accelerated AIE performance, but also displays improved 2PA properties. This research would provide a general approach to explore efficient molecules by the marriage of AIE and 2PA that could improve their performance in various areas.
The Infusion of Human Serum Albumin had no Benefit on Acute Pancreatitis Therapy: An Analysis of Patients in Two Observational Cohorts
Authors: Ma Yifei , Yan Tianao , Xu Fengshuo , Ding Jiachun , Yang Bao , Ma Qingyong , Wu Zheng , Lyu Jun , Wang Zheng
Published: November 2021

Objective: Human serum albumin (HSA) infusion is a common administration in acute pancreatitis patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), but its actual association with patients' outcomes has not been confirmed. The study was aimed to determine whether the in-hospital prognosis of ICU patients with acute pancreatitis could benefit from albumin infusion. Methods: 950 acute pancreatitis patients diagnosed in 2008-2019 were extracted from the MIMIC-IV database as our primary study cohort. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. We also performed an external validation with a cohort of 104 acute pancreatitis patients after PSM matching from the eICU database. Results: In MIMIC-IV, 228 acute pancreatitis patients received HSA infusion (Alb group) during their hospitalization, while 722 patients did not (non-Alb group). Patients in the Alb group presented a poorer survival curve than the non-Alb group, while this difference disappeared after PSM or IPTW matching (log-rank test: PSM: p = 0.660, IPTW: p = 0.760). After including covariates, no association was found between albumin infusion and patients' in-hospital mortality before and after matching (original cohort: HR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.66–1.52, p = 0.998). HSA infusion also did not benefit patients' 28-day or ICU mortality, while it significantly prolonged their duration in hospital and ICU. In addition, the initial serum albumin levels, infections or the amount of total albumin infusion did not affect the conclusion. Finally, in the eICU cohort, albumin infusion was still not a beneficial prognostic factor on patients' in-hospital mortality ( p = 0.087).Conclusion: Intravenous albumin infusion could not benefit acute pancreatitis patients' in-hospital prognosis and possibly prolong the hospital or ICU duration.