bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parameter Estimation of Spring-Damping System using Unconstrained Optimization by the Quasi-Newton Methods using Line Search Techniques
Authors: Namala Dheeraj Kumar , Surendranath V
Published: November 2018

Optimization is the basic tools to study the behaviour of many complicated mechanical systems by having the knowledge of differential equations which determine the system. The basis of this paper was to present a method to estimate the parameters such as spring constant and damping coefficient of the spring damped system by unconstrained optimization using derivative methods Such as quasi-newton method by Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno and davidon-Fletcher-Powell hessian updating method by using backtracking line search methods along with Armijo’s condition.it uses the output error approximation procedure. It shows the convergence of different methods which are used to estimate the parameters and how accurately they are measured.
YARGITAY KARARLARI ÇERÇEVESİNDE VELAYETİN KULLANILMASI KENDİSİNE BIRAKILMAYAN TARAFIN ÇOCUĞU ZİYARET HAKKI
Authors: ERLÜLE Fulya
Published: November 2018

Uygulamada
Yargıtay ziyaret hakkının kapsamının belirlenmesinde, çocuğa ilişkin olarak
çocuğun yaşı, okul dönemleri, çocuğun sağlık durumu gibi kişisel özelliklerini
dikkate aldığı gibi; çocuk ile arasında kişisel ilişki kurulacak olan tarafın
durumunu da göz önünde bulundurmakta ve ziyaret hakkına sahip tarafın çalışma
koşulları, yerleşim yeri, yıllık izinleri, çocukla kişisel ilişki kurmak
isteyen ana veya babanın sağlık durumu, sosyal çevresi gibi olguları dikkate
almaktadır. Tarafların oturdukları yerin birbirlerine olan uzaklığı da Yargıtay
tarafından göz önüne alınmaktadır.Boşanma
ile ilgili olarak uygulamada yaşanan sorunların başında boşanmanın çocuklara
ilişkin sonuçlarından birisi olan çocukların velayeti kendilerine bırakılmamış
olan ana ve babalarıyla kişisel ilişkilerinin düzenlenmesi gelmektedir. TÜİK’in
2016 verilerine göre, kesinleşen boşanma davalarından 109 bin 978 çocuk
etkilenmiş ve boşanan kişilerin % 28’i en az bir çocuğun velayetini almıştır.
Boşanmanın çocuk psikolojisi üzerinde yarattığı etkileri inceleyen
araştırmalar, boşanmanın çocuklar üzerinde yarattığı olumsuz sonuçlar arasında
en yıkıcı olanın ebeveynlerden birisi ile çocuk arasında mevcut olan ilişkinin
sona ermesi olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu nedenle boşanmadan sonra velayet hakkı
kendisine bırakılmayan ebeveyn ile çocuk arasındaki ilişkinin çocuğun yararına
uygun şekilde düzenlenip sürdürülmesi ayrı bir öneme sahiptir. Ziyaret
sürelerinin kişisel ilişki kurma hakkının amacını gerçekleştiremeyecek derecede
kısa tutulduğu ya da ziyaret günlerinin geniş zaman aralıklarına dağıldığı
hallerde kişisel ilişkinin uygun nitelikte olduğundan söz edilemez. Nitekim
Anayasa Mahkemesinin vermiş olduğu 7.5.2015 tarihli bireysel başvuru kararında,
boşanma davası neticesinde başvurucuya sınırlı görüşme hakkı tanınmasının ve
kişisel ilişki konusundaki kısıtlamaların başvurucunun aile hayatına saygı
hakkına bir müdahale oluşturduğuna ve başvurucunun Anayasa’nın 20. maddesinde
güvence altına alınan aile hayatına saygı hakkının ihlal edildiğine karar
verilmiştir.
Assessment of intellectual leadership under global competition
Authors: Kalenyuk Iryna , Tsymbal Liudmyla , Djakona Antonina , Panchenko Evelina
Published: November 2018

The formation of knowledge economy issues of leadership is being actualized in today’s global environment under the influence of globalization. An important aspect is the provision of subjects of various levels of intellectual leadership, which means achieving a high position in the competition due to high quality and intensity of the implementation of intellectual resources. The purpose is to justify methodological approaches to the assessment of intellectual leadership and to analyze its manifestation at the level of intellectual resources. The object is the processes of competition and achievement of intellectual leadership of countries in the global environment. The methodical approaches to the evaluation of intellectual leadership of different subjects at three levels (resources, results, outcomes) are offered. The intellectual leadership of countries at the level of resources is empirically analyzed by using the methods of comparative, system-structured, quantitative and qualitative analysis.By the level of intellectual leadership of the first order (accumulated intellectual resources), 32 countries have been identified as leaders, including highly developed countries and emerging active players. The unconditional leaders are the United States and China, whose relative figures are lower due to the large GDP and the population. Norway and Sweden have the highest presence in all TOP lists (6 indicators), in the second place – Finland and Switzerland (5 indicators), Australia, Brazil, New Zealand at all share the third position (4 indicators). Developed countries are predominantly leaders in terms of the formation of intellectual leadership. Outsider countries get on the list of leaders by individual indicators.
Use of tetracyclines in feeds: Causes and consequences
Authors: PATYRA EWELINA , PRZENIOSŁO-SIWCZYŃSKA MONIKA , GRELIK ALEKSANDRA , KWIATEK KRZYSZTOF
Published: November 2018

Tetracycline antibiotics, including tetracycline (TC), chlortetracycline (CTC), oxytetracycline (OTC) and doxycycline (DOX), are commonly used in veterinary medicine because of their broad-spectrum activity, cost effectiveness and certain favourable pharmacokinetic properties. The use of antibiotics in feed for non-medicinal purposes has been prohibited in the European Union. In Poland and other countries of the European Union, there are official national programmes for controlling the use of TCs and all other antibacterials in feed. This paper presents the pharmacological properties of TCs as well as the main reasons for and consequences of their use in feed. It also presents a chromatographic method for detection of TCs in animal feeds. The method is used in routine testing of food for the presence of tetracycline antibiotics. In the years 2015-2017, tetracycline antibiotics were detected in 31 out of 126 feed samples analysed by this method.
Prevalence of intestinal parasites detected in routine coproscopic methods in dogs and cats from the Masovian voivodeship in 2012-2015
Authors: BARTOSIK JUSTYNA , ŁOJEK JACEK , PUCHAŁA MARTA , KACZYK JUSTYNA , GÓRSKI PAWEŁ , DŁUGOSZ EWA , ZYGNER WOJCIECH
Published: November 2018

The aim of the study was to analyse canine and feline infections with intestinal parasites basing on routine coproscopic tests. In total 5,809 results were analysed. Infections with Giardia intestinalis (6.93% – in dogs, 4.56% – in cats) and Toxocara spp. (4.07% – in dogs, 5.42% – in cats) were the most commonly noted. The majority of intestinal parasitic infections were identified more frequently in younger animals (under 1 year of age) as compared to older ones. This study showed the increase in the prevalence of coccidia (from 1% to 2.53%) and whipworms (from 2.6% to 3.07%) in dogs and a decrease in roundworm and hookworm related diseases in comparison to previous reports (years 1974-2002). The results showed changes in infection prevalence of both protozoan species (G. intestinalis and Cystoisospora spp.) both in dogs and cats, which suggests that climate conditions had an influence on the infection prevalence of the mentioned species. Moreover, the age of animals had an influence on the infection prevalence of intestinal parasites in dogs. However, there was no influence of both dogs’ and cats’ sex on the average infection prevalence of investigated parasites.
Salmonella serovars in food according to RASFF system notifications in 2000-2017
Authors: GIL MARIAN , DUMA-KOCAN PAULINA , RUDY MARIUSZ , STANISŁAWCZYK RENATA
Published: November 2018

The article concerns the occurrence of Salmonella bacilli in various food groups in the years 2000-2017 and an analysis of the incidence of its serovars. The analysis was based on data collected in the RASFF system regarding notifications submitted as a result of the presence of salmonella in food. In the analyzed period, the most frequent serovars were S. Typhimurium (503 notifications), S. Enteritidis (401 notifications) and S. Infantis (106 notifications). A disturbing phenomenon is a marked increase in the frequency of occurrence of Salmonella in the analyzed food. To a large extent this situation resulted from the increase in the frequency of Salmonella detection in poultry and poultry meat products, as well as more frequent occurrence in fruits and vegetables, herbs and spices as well as in nuts and their products, and in seeds.
ACESSO À JUSTIÇA, DEFENSORIA PÚBLICA E AÇÕES CIVIS PÚBLICAS: UMA ANÁLISE ACERCA DA LEGITIMIDADE ATIVA QUESTIONADA NOS AUTOS DA ADI 3943 DO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL
Authors: Goettems dos Santos Karinne Emanoela , Mayer Juliana Zulmara , De Souza Renan Soares
Published: November 2018

A Ação Civil pública é importante instrumento para efetivação dos direitos fundamentais. Lutas históricas foram travadas desde o medievo para a concretização do acesso à justiça, tornando-se preocupação central dos países ocidentais após a primeira metade do século XX, onde o Estado de Bem-estar social assume posição ativa em relação à garantia dos direitos fundamentais. No Brasil, o ordenamento jurídico dispõe da ação civil pública por meio da Lei n. 7347/85, que elenca um rol taxativo de legitimados para a proposição de ações de interesse coletivo. O presente trabalho objetiva examinar especificamente, dentre os legitimados, a controvérsia acerca da legitimidade ativa da Defensoria Pública para a propositura de tais ações, através de pesquisa bibliográfica e adotando, ainda, abordagem qualitativa, consubstanciada por pesquisa empírica, centrada na análise do julgamento da Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade nº 3943, norteada pelo método hipotético dedutivo. A controvérsia cinge-se a analisar a função precípua da Defensoria, em defesa dos beneficiários que sejam comprovadamente hipossuficientes econômicos. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam para uma interpretação constitucional extensiva, abrangendo de modo mais amplo o conceito de necessitado, desdobrando o termo em necessitados jurídicos ou organizacionais e os necessitados econômicos. Além disso, entende-se que, uma vez especificado o rol dos afetados pelo resultado da ação coletiva, constando nele pessoas necessitadas, se justifica então a legitimidade da Defensoria Pública à propositura das ações coletivas, sem estar condicionada à comprovação de hipossuficiência, sob pena de contradição aos princípios norteadores da própria instituição.
ECOS E RESSONÂNCIAS DE MEMÓRIA: DO RECONHECIMENTO OU DA CONDENAÇÃO DE VIDAS
Authors: Braz José Mauro De Oliveira , Curcio Fernanda Santos , Farias Francisco Ramos de
Published: November 2018

Pretende-se problematizar a rede de interpretações e lembranças construídas acerca da pessoa criminosa e em que grau esta tessitura contribui, ou não, para a perpetuação da pena mesmo em circunstâncias nas quais tenha sido efetivada o seu cumprimento, em termos do tempo de condenação, sob custódia no sistema penitenciário. Com o crescimento constante da população carcerária no Brasil, nas três últimas décadas, a questão penitenciária vem à tona nos mais diferentes cenários, desde em rodas de conversa informais até em reuniões de família e debates públicos. Em todos estes meios sociais uma figura central emerge em pontos diferentes das discussões, ou seja, a pessoa que transgride leis e normas, tornando-se, de certa forma, a personagem central das práticas penais. Indaga-se: quais as redes de memórias que ecoam para contribuir com o não reconhecimento do valor da vida destes sujeitos? Como romper com estas memórias?
DIREITOS HUMANOS: UMA CONQUISTA CIVILIZATÓRIA
Authors: Bedin Gilmar Antonio , Tosi Giuseppe
Published: November 2018

O ensaio reflete sobre o que são os direitos humanos e sua dimensão de verdadeira conquista civilizatória.
A INEFETIVIDADE DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS E A APROPRIAÇÃO LIBERAL DE SEU DISCURSO: A INFLUÊNCIA DAS CORPORAÇÕES TRANSNACIONAIS
Authors: Baldissera Carvalho Salles Eduardo , Olsson Giovanni
Published: November 2018

Embora inexista um dissenso relevante a respeito da importância dos direitos humanos, esses enfrentam grandes restrições no que se refere à sua efetivação. Embora todos os teóricos, sejam eles universalistas ou relativistas, retoricamente defendam os valores humanitários, uma observação mais apurada logo constata que sua inexecutividade é um paradoxo contemporâneo que interessa a vários atores, sobretudo no plano internacional onde tem ocorrido a proliferação de tratados de direitos fundamentais. Dessa forma, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica pelo método dedutivo, o artigo objetiva abordar as vulnerabilidades dos direitos humanos na sociedade internacional, investigando a relação das corporações transnacionais com a aparente (in)eficácia desse discurso. Para tanto, inicialmente apresenta-se a historicidade dos direitos humanos, tratando, dentre outros itens, sobre a evolução dos fundamentos legitimadores jusnaturais e positivistas. Em seguimento, afirma-se a ocorrência de uma apropriação ideológica liberal, a qual impacta na falta de concretização do discurso politico no campo humanitário. Por fim, mostra-se que as corporações transnacionais desempenham papel destacado no cenário político internacional, cujas ações econômicas e comerciais influem a própria eficácia dos direitos humanos.
Synthesis of Novel α-amidino Carboxylic Acids and their Use as H-Bond Catalysts in Strecker Reaction
Authors: Zaghari Zahra , Azizian Javad
Published: November 2018

Aim and Objective:

A wide variety of synthesized amidine derivatives are bioactive
compounds. They show a vast range of medical properties. Therefore, a simple route for synthesis of
novel class of amidine derivatives called amidino carboxylic acids and their use as catalysts in
Strecker reaction has been reported in the current work. The stability, local charge density and
hydrogen bond parameters were calculated for eight derivatives with different substituents.

Materials and Methods:

In order to synthesize these amidino carboxylic acids, we initially prepared
Knovenogel condensation products via the reaction of isatin derivatives with malonitrile. When the
reaction was performed in water, the resulting nitrile groups of malonitrile derivatives was
hydrolyzed with HOAC/ H2SO4 to generate the desired amide groups. The amide groups in resulting
compound converted to amine groups with two Hoffman rearrangements in the presence of
NaOH/Br2. Further neutralization led to the final zwitterionic α-amidino carboxylic acids. In the next
step, the catalytic activity of these compounds as H-bond donor catalyst was investigated in Strecker
reaction.

Results:

The overall yields of the derivatives with substituent on the aromatic ring of starting isatins
are higher than that for the overall yields of nitrogen-substituted isatins. The reaction of 5-nitro isatin
with the next reagent gives lower yield in aryl-substituted products. An increase of catalytic activity
is observed by rising the electron-withdrawing power of the aromatic ring substituents., The
presence of nitro group in the structure of catalyst caused a large increase of catalytic activity in
Strecker reaction. DFT calculations at B3LYP/6-31++g(d,p) and Lanl2dz level of theory showed that
these compounds act as single H-bond catalysts and higher yields were obtained for complexes with
stronger hydrogen bond.

Conclusion:

A simple and efficient method for synthesis of ɑ-amidino carboxylic acids was
developed in this research. These compounds have been used as a single H-bond donor catalyst in
the Strecker reaction. DFT calculations were carried out to confirm the experimental results. The
obtained data from computations are in good agreement with experimental results.
Cannabis Associated “High” Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality: Marijuana Smoke Like Tobacco Smoke? A Déjà Vu/Déjà Vécu Story?
Authors: Manolis Theodora A. , Manolis Antonis A. , Manolis Antonis S.
Published: November 2018

Background:

Cannabis use has increased over the past several years as some countries have
legalized its use for the treatment of certain medical conditions and/or for recreational use. Thus, concerns
have risen about potential adverse health effects. Increasing number of reports have associated
cannabis use with serious cardiovascular (CV) complications. Furthermore, there appears to be a likeness
in the harmful health effects, especially on the CV and respiratory systems, of cannabis smoking
to those of tobacco smoking.

Objective:

To review the CV effects of cannabis use and compare them with those of tobacco use.

Methods:

Articles were reviewed that were published in English literature reporting on cannabis and
cannabinoid pharmacology and their effects on the CV system and their consequences. Emphasis was
also placed on articles reporting on cannabis use in adolescents, exposure to secondhand smoke, its effect
on exercise and finally its inter-relationship and similarities with tobacco use.

Results:

With growing cannabis use, an increasing number of reports have emerged associating marijuana
use with serious and life-threatening CV complications, including acute coronary syndromes, potentially
lethal cardiac arrhythmias and ischemic strokes. There are certain similarities of the deleterious
CV and respiratory effects of cannabis smoking with those of tobacco smoking. Despite the difference
in the active ingredients (tetrahydrocannabinol vs. nicotine), each substance produces a plethora
of chemicals when smoked and these are largely identical; furthermore, due to different modes of
smoking, cannabis chemicals are retained in the body for a longer time. Of course, concomitant tobacco
and cannabis smoking is a perplexing factor in isolating damages specifically pertaining to cannabis
use, while the health risk is additive. Although the mechanisms producing CV harm may be
somewhat different between these two substances, the outcome appears similar, or even worse, as the
effects may emerge at a younger age.

Conclusion:

There is an increasing concern that, apart from the mental health problem with cannabis
smoking, societies may be facing another wave of a déjà vu/déjà vécu phenomenon similar to the tobacco
smoking story.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Benzothiazole-piperazinesulfonamide Conjugates and Their Antibacterial and Antiacetylcholinesterase Activity
Authors: Rao B. Ramalingeswara , Katiki Mohana R. , Dileep Kommula , Kumar C. Ganesh , Reddy G. Narender , Nanubolu Jagadeesh B. , Murty M.S.R.
Published: November 2018

Two series of N-2-benzothiazolyl-4-(arylsulfonyl)-1-piperazineacetamides/propanamides
were synthesized from substituted 2-aminobenzothiazoles and were assayed for their in vitro antimicrobial
activities against a panel of different pathogenic bacterial strains such as Micrococcus luteus, S.
aureus, S. aureus MLS-16, B. subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella
planticola and Candida albicans. Among the synthesized compounds 5e,f,g and 6g,h,i showed promising
antifungal activity against C. albicans as compared to the reference drug, miconazole. Further,
compounds 6g,h,i showed broad spectrum antibacterial activity against all the tested bacterial strains,
while the compounds 6a-f,j-m showed significant antibacterial activity against all the tested bacterial
strains as compared to the reference drug, ciprofloxacin. In addition, the target compounds were evaluated
for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity, and, among the tested, compounds 5j,k,l
and 6i showed promising AChE inhibitory activity.
Recent Developments in the Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Indole and its Derivatives
Authors: Kaur Jaskirat , Utreja Divya , Ekta  , Jain Nisha , Sharma Shivali
Published: November 2018

Background:

Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen have been known to possess a very important role in the field of medicinal chemistry. Indole and its derivatives displayed a wide range of biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-microbial, anti-convulsant, antidepressant, anti-diabetic, antihelmintic and anti-allergic activities etc. The diverse biological activities exhibited by compounds containing indole moiety has provided the impetus to explore its anti-microbial activity in order to save the valuable life of patients.  Objective: The review focuses on the advances in the synthesis of indole derivatives and antimicrobial properties exhibited by them.

Conclusion:

A great deal of work has been done in order to synthesize indole derivatives and to evaluate antimicrobial potential, as indicated by the review. The information provided in this article may be helpful for the researchers for the development of efficient antimicrobial drugs.
Chemometric Approach to Develop and Validate RP-HPLC Method for Estimation of Erlotinib Hydrochloride in Nano Structured Lipid Carriers
Authors: Palei Narahari Narayan , Vijayaraj Surendran , Lathasri Kuppam , Archana Devalapalli , Rajavel Ponnusamy
Published: November 2018

Background:

Erlotinib hydrochloride is a novel drug for the treatment of lung cancer.

Objective:

The objective of the present study was to design an uncomplicated and precise reverse phase
high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method and optimize the chromatographic parameters
using response surface methodology derived from Box Behnken design. The optimized method was
validated for estimating Erlotinib from bulk and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) formulation.

Methods:

Independent variables such as flow rate, injection volume and strength of the buffer were
optimized in order to decrease retention time and curtail asymmetry factor of Erlotinib. Forced degradation
studies were done to determine the stability of the drug. The developed method was validated as
per ICH guidelines.

Results:

The optimized strength of ortho-phosphoric acid buffer by blending with Acetonitrile (80:20
v/v), flow rate and injection volume were found to be 25mM, 1ml/min, 20µL respectively. Linearity
was observed in the concentration range of 1-6 µg/mL. The retention time of Erlotinib was found to be
3.717 minutes. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for Erlotinib were found to be
0.01ng/ml and 1ng/ml, respectively.

Conclusion:

The proposed method was found to be a simple and the best method for analysing
Erlotinib in nanostructured lipid carriers. Chemometric approach was employed as an effective tool for
optimising the chromatographic conditions of the proposed method.
NUCA-2A: A New Adaptive and Behavior Aware Block Placement Process
Authors: Souahi Mohamed Salah , Mohammed Mohamed Ben
Published: November 2018

Background:

The last three decades were marked by a spectacular evolution of CPUs.
Both cores number on chip and shared Low Level Cache (LLC) size are increasing what makes LLC
the bottleneck's system. One major weakness of future cache memory hierarchies will be to carry out
memory blocks availability for vertical requests, with no consideration to horizontal proximity to
cores. Simulations show that some LLC accesses cost more latency cycles than off-chip accesses.

Objective:

This paper presents a new adaptive and blocks behavior aware process, called NUCA-2A.
It manages blocks in LLC in a purpose of reducing it's latency, and it's inner bandwidth, by studying
each block's behavior, and by placing it in the most suitable location among LLC banks.

Methods:

LLC accesses are classified basing on each one's specific behavior. Authors establish also
a two levels horizontal hierarchy in LLC. This work consists to place blocks in the zones that matches
the best their behaviors.

Results:

In contrast to the classic S-NUCA scheme, NUCA-2A makes a reduction of up to 60,39%
of global LLC latency as well as 40,74% of average inner traffic. It makes also an average speedup
of 17,89 % in term of number of instructions executed by cycle.

Conclusion:

Behaviors study gives encouraging results. Several methods are in use in different
fields to forecast a behavior basing on previous observations. We are working on a prefetching model
that permits blocks migration to and from privileged banks.
Use of the Dental Electronic Health Record for Research: Assessing Demographic and Oral Health Characteristics Data for Clinic Patients
Authors: Gordon Sharon M. , Camargo Gerard A. , Mejia Gloria C. , Sutherland James N.
Published: November 2018

Dental schools in the United States increasingly emphasize community‐based practice targeting underserved populations. However, the impact on target populations remains largely undocumented. East Carolina University School of Dental Medicine (ECU SoDM) developed an integrated electronic health record database that aggregates patient data from all clinics in the ECU SoDM system and enables longitudinal assessment of the impact of clinical care on oral health outcomes. The aim of this study was to analyze the demographic and oral health characteristics data for eligible patients from June 2012 to March 2016. Data from 28,029 eligible patients were included. Except for expected variations in racial composition, the demographic data were similar across ECU SoDM clinics and indicated that the patient population represents a geographically diverse sample of outpatients. The mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index was elevated in this population. Among the trends identified across subgroups were higher DMFT index in older patients and lower DMFT index for individuals of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. Although the percentage of patients with dental caries overall rose steadily with age, the percentage with untreated dental caries generally fluctuated around 33%±5% without age‐related trends. These data provide a baseline for evaluating changes over time and the impact of oral health care introduced to areas served by the ECU SoDM. These findings highlight the need for access to care and support the ECU SoDM's core mission.
The Benefits and Challenges of Collaborative Learning: Educating Dental and Dental Hygiene Students Together
Authors: Jackson Sarah C. , Bilich Lisa A. , Skuza Nathan
Published: November 2018

Most often, members of the dental team are educated in separate programs. These professionals then come together in practice to work as a team, often with limited knowledge about each other's roles. The aim of this study was to assess the perspectives of dental and dental hygiene students regarding collaborative learning after taking two courses together. Five years (2010–14) of survey data were collected from a convenience sample of dental and dental hygiene students. The dental hygiene students were in their first and second years (DH1 and DH2) at Eastern Washington University (EWU). The dental students were in the University of Washington (UW) Regional Initiative in Dental Education (RIDE) program, taking their first year of courses in Eastern Washington with EWU's dental hygiene and UW's medical students. Eight first‐year dental (D1) students participate in the RIDE program each year, totaling 40 across the five years. Because the same D1 students take both courses, this target population was 80. The number of DH1 and DH2 students in these courses ranges from 32–36 each year, for a target population of 323 across the five years. A total of 193 survey responses were collected, for an overall response rate of 48%; the D1 response rate was 72%, and the DH response rate was 42%. In the results, students perceived that learning collaboratively helped them think positively about other dental professionals, benefitted their problem‐solving skills, increased their understanding of clinical problems, helped them become better team members, improved trust and respect, and improved their understanding of course content. These results suggest that collaborative learning had a positive impact on both groups. In comments, students suggested they would benefit from more shared learning experiences in the clinic and agreed that collaborative learning would help them create a more cohesive team.
Trends in First‐Year Dental Students’ Information Technology Knowledge and Use: Results from a U.S. Dental School in 2009, 2012, and 2017
Authors: Scarbecz Mark , DeSchepper Edward J.
Published: November 2018

Dental students must be skilled in the use and application of information technology (IT), but there are few studies of IT use and knowledge among U.S. dental students. The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze survey data regarding IT use and knowledge collected from first‐year dental students at one U.S. dental school in 2009, 2012, and 2017. Data were collected from an anonymous survey of these students as part of a D1 course called Informatics and Evaluation of Dental Literature. All students participated in the survey each year, for a response rate of 100%. Annual numbers of participants were 80 (2009), 90 (2012), and 97 (2017), for a total 267 respondents. The students reported that they frequently accessed Internet resources multiple times per day and that frequency of use had increased over time, principally from access via smartphones. These students reported feeling comfortable with higher education IT applications such as learning management systems and computerized testing. However, despite their frequent IT use, the students reported low levels of knowledge about IT security, and the three years of survey data showed that IT security knowledge had declined over time. These findings have implications for dental educators, including the need for methods for training students to protect their personal data and that of their patients.
Relationship Between Resilience and Self‐Rated Health in Dental Hygiene Students and Registered Dental Hygienists
Authors: Isobe Ayaka , Izumi Maya , Akifusa Sumio
Published: November 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate whether two aspects of resilience—acquired and innate resilience—were related to self‐rated health status in registered dental hygienists and students. In May through July 2017, 405 students at three dental hygiene programs and 85 registered dental hygienists, all in Fukuoka prefecture in Japan, were invited to participate in a survey including three scales: the Bidimensional Resilience Scale (BRS) to assess innate and acquired resilience, the Stress Response Scale‐18 (SRS‐18) to assess daily stress responses, and the Sense of Coherence 13‐item scale (SOC‐13) to assess the sense of coherence. Information about self‐rated health status and number of years of clinical experience was also collected. Respondents were 398 students (98.2% response rate) and all 85 dental hygienists (100% response rate). The cohort with a self‐rated “healthy” status scored higher on total scale and each domain of the BRS, SRS‐18, and SOC‐13 scales than the cohort with other self‐rated health statuses. These three scales and self‐rated health status were significantly correlated with each other. When innate resilience increased by one point, average self‐rated health was 1.14‐fold higher. In contrast, when the depression/anxiety domain score of SRS‐18 increased by one point, self‐rated health was 0.84‐fold lower. The number of years of clinical experience was also negatively correlated with self‐rated health. For these participants, innate resilience was a significant predictor of better self‐rated health. To maintain the health of dental hygienists and students, it is important to understand their innate resilience as well as stress responses related to depression/anxiety factors and length of clinical experience.
Improving Self-Management Skills Among People With Spinal Cord Injury: Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Mortenson W Ben , Mills Patricia Branco , Adams Jared , Singh Gurkaran , MacGillivray Megan , Sawatzky Bonita
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND

Most people with spinal cord injury will develop secondary complications with potentially devastating consequences. Self-management is a key prevention strategy for averting the development of secondary complications and their recurrence. Several studies have shown that self-management programs improve self-management behaviors and health outcomes in individuals living with chronic conditions such as asthma, diabetes, hypertension, and arthritis. Given the burgeoning health care costs related to secondary complications, we developed an alternative electronic health–based implementation to facilitate the development of self-management skills among people with spinal cord injury.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a self-management app in spinal cord injury populations. The primary outcome is attainment of self-selected, self-management goals. Secondary outcomes include increases in general and self-management self-efficacy and reductions in self-reported health events, health care utilization, and secondary complications related to spinal cord injury. This study also aims to explore how the intervention was implemented and how the app was experienced by end users.

METHODS

This study will employ a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods. The quantitative portion of our study will involve a rater-blinded, randomized controlled trial with a stepped wedge design (ie, delayed intervention control group). The primary outcome is successful goal attainment, and secondary outcomes include increases in self-efficacy and reductions in self-reported health events, health care utilization, and secondary conditions related to spinal cord injury. The qualitative portion will consist of semistructured interviews with a subsample of the participants.

RESULTS

We expect that the mobile self-management app will help people with spinal cord injury to attain their self-management goals, improve their self-efficacy, reduce secondary complications, and decrease health care utilization.

CONCLUSIONS

If the results are positive, this study will produce credible new knowledge describing multiple outcomes that people with spinal cord injury realize from an app-based self-management intervention and support its implementation in clinical practice.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03140501; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03140501 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/73Gw0ZlWZ)

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

PRR1-10.2196/11069
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Authors: Castillo-Arellano Katya , Lopez-Badillo Claudia M. , Múzquiz-Ramos Elia Martha
Published: November 2018

La presente recopilación bibliográfica muestra cómo son utilizados distintos nanomateriales para el tratamiento del cáncer por hipertermia, entre los cuales, los más empleados son los materiales que poseen propiedades magnéticas. Debido a su comportamiento superparamagnético, pueden ser expuestos a un campo magnético que a su vez produce un aumento de la temperatura hasta un máximo de 46 °C. Esta temperatura causa la eliminación de la mayoría de las células tumorales; este procedimiento se conoce como hipertermia magnética. El problema por resolver desde el punto de vista de la síntesis es encontrar un método simple que permita un control del tamaño de la partícula para obtener las propiedades de biocompatibilidad deseadas. Se concluye que la obtención de materiales para posibles aplicaciones de hipertermia se da por diversos métodos; entre los que destacan sol-gel, coprecipitación química, descomposición térmica, entre otros. Esta última es la mejor opción, ya que permite un mayor control del tamaño de la partícula. Además, es posible mejorar las propiedades de biocompatibilidad o magnéticas deseadas mediante recubrimientos superficiales o dopajes.
Descontaminación de arsénico, cadmio y plomo en agua por biosorción con Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Moreno-Rivas Silvia Carolina , Ramos-Clamont Montfort Gabriela
Published: November 2018

La contaminación del agua con metales pesados es un problema potencial de salud pública, debido a su toxicidad. Los métodos tradicionales de descontaminación se enfocan principalmente a tratar efluentes industriales con altas concentraciones de metales pesados, pero con desventajas por los altos costos, grandes espacios de operación y en ocasiones, empleo o generación de otras sustancias tóxicas. Los metales pesados con mayor toxicidad presentes en el agua son arsénico, cadmio y plomo, cuya exposición crónica puede dañar diversos órganos y promover el desarrollo de cáncer. La eliminación de estos metales del agua de consumo con menores concentraciones que aún representen un riesgo a la salud, puede llevarse a cabo por el fenómeno de biosorción. Los materiales biosorbentes son molecularmente, diversos, económicos y pueden ser desde biopolímeros hasta biomasa microbiana. Se conoce que algunas cepas de levaduras han mostrado gran capacidad de remoción de metales pesados en soluciones acuosas, destacando las del género Saccharomyces, particularmente Saccharomyces cerevisiae. La biosorción con levaduras es una alternativa prometedora para la eliminación de bajas concentraciones de As3+, As5+, Cd2+ y Pb2+ en agua de consumo. Sin embargo, es necesario seguir estudiando las condiciones para su aplicación a gran escala, así como otras posibilidades que permitan su optimización.
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Authors: Monroy-Ata Arcadio , Ramírez-Saldívar Karen Yadira
Published: November 2018

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Authors: Eguiarte Luis E. , Hernández-Rosales Helena S. , Barrera-Redondo Josué , Castellanos-Morales Gabriela , Paredes-Torres Leslie M. , Sánchez-de la Vega Guillermo , Ruiz-Mondragón Karen Y. , Vázquez-Lobo Alejandra , Montes-Hernández Salvador , Aguirre-Planter Erika , Souza Valeria , Lira Rafael
Published: November 2018

La domesticación de plantas y animales permite estudiar diferentes procesos evolutivos, como la selección, adaptación y especiación. En este artículo se describen avances recientes en el estudio de las calabazas, las cuales constituyen el género Cucurbita (Cucurbitaceae) siendo un grupo de plantas herbáceas americanas que incluyen entre 12 y 15 especies. Cucurbita ha tenido seis eventos de domesticación, de los cuales cuatro sucedieron en México. Este es un género relativamente reciente, que surgió en Norte América hace 16 millones de años y sus especies cultivadas mantienen una alta variación genética; Cucurbita pepo es la especie que presenta mayor variación genética,variación asociada a dos domesticaciones independientes, una en el norte de México, y otra en el Sureste de los Estados Unidos. En otra especie, Cucurbita argyrosperma, sus poblaciones de la Península de Yucatán, representan una poza genética diferenciada del resto de la especie. El estudio del genoma de C. argyrosperma y taxa cercanos ha revelado las regiones de su genoma asociadas a la domesticación. Las poblaciones de las especies de este género representan una fuente de importantes recursos genéticos frente al cambio climático y constituyen un buen sistema para el estudio de la domesticación y de diferentes procesos evolutivos.
Consciência moral e agir comunicativo
Authors: Pereira Rosane Da Conceição
Published: November 2018

HABERMAS, Jürgen. Consciência moral e agir comunicativo. Rio de Janeiro: Tempo Brasileiro, 1989.
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Authors: Santos Patrícia Diniz
Published: November 2018

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não disponível
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Dentro de uma perspectiva epistemológica, este texto propõe uma reflexão liminar sobre a semiologia, a partir da própria nomenclatura: falar “semiologia” ou “semiótica” implica significações, fincadas em pressupostos e fundamentos diferenciados.
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Analise do uso da biossegurança em consultorios dentarios particulares
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Published: November 2018

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Published: November 2018

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Avaliação do Recurso de Medição da Radiografia Digital Intraoral, através do dispositivo intraoral Schick CDR.inco.
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Published: November 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia do recurso de precisão de medição da radiografia digital intraoral, através do dispositivo intraoral Schick CDR.inco. Foram realizados os acessos em 25 dentes uniradiculares com raízes retas e coroas íntegras, e, em seguida, tiradas radiografias iniciais através da técnica de paralelismo, obtendo os comprimentos radiográficos de cada elemento dentário, através do dispositivo de medidas do software deste sistema, da coroa ao ápice. A distância de 1mm foi estabelecida como distância de odontometria. Limas nº15 foram calibradas com as medidas dos comprimentos de trabalho e introduzidas nos canais e radiografados, sendo, então, medidas as distâncias entre as pontas das limas e os ápices radiográficos. Os resultados foram comparados às medidas das radiografias iniciais. O teste t pareado de Student indica um resultado estatisticamente significativo com p= 0,003. O sistema de medição do software demonstrou ser capaz de executar a função sugerida pelo fabricante. Conferindo a esse método maior rele-vância quanto à eficácia, sendo uma opção segura para a odontometria durante o tratamento endodôntico. Palavras-chave: Radiografia digital – Odontometria e Imagem digital direta.