bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factor XII Explored with AlphaFold - Opportunities for Selective Drug Development
Authors: Frunt Rowan , El Otmani Hinde , Gibril Kaira Bubacarr , de Maat Steven , Maas Coen
Published: September 2022

Medical device associated thrombosis is an important clinical problem. This type of thrombosis can result from Factor XII (FXII) binding to non-natural surface materials and subsequent activation of the contact pathway. This drives the development of new therapeutic strategies to block this pathway and information on the structural properties of FXII should catalyse this quest. Presently, there is no publicly available crystal structure of full-length FXII. However, the AlphaFold Protein Structure Database provides a model structure. We here explore this model in combination with previous structure-function studies to identify opportunities for selective pharmacological blockade of the contribution of FXII in medical device associated thrombosis. Previous studies demonstrated that FXII activation is dependent on molecular cleavage after R353. We subsequently proposed that protein conformation protects this cleavage site to ensure zymogen quiescence and prevent inappropriate FXII activation. The AlphaFold model shows that a small loop containing R353 indeed is buried in the globular molecule. This is the result of intra-molecular interactions between the (N-terminal) Fibronectin type II domain, (central) kringle and (C-terminal) protease domain, in a structure that resembles a three-point harness. Furthermore, this interaction pushes the intermediate domains, as well as the flexible proline-rich region (PRR), outward while encapsulating R353 in the molecule. The outward directed positively charged patches are likely to be involved in binding to anionic surfaces. The binding of FXII to surfaces (and several monoclonal antibodies) acccelerates its activation by inducing conformational changes. For prevention of medical device associated thrombosis, it is therefore important to target the surface binding sites of FXII without causing structural changes.
Characteristics of Adult Primary Care Patients Who Use the Patient Portal: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Casacchia Nicholas J. , Rosenthal Gary E. , O'Connell Nathaniel S. , Bundy Richa , Witek Lauren , Wells Brian J. , Palakshappa Deepak
Published: September 2022

Background The patient portal allows patients to engage with their health care team beyond the clinical encounter. While portals can improve patient outcomes, there may be disparities in which patients access the portal by sociodemographic factors. Understanding the characteristics of patients who use the portal could help design future interventions to expand portal adoption.

Objectives This study aimed to (1) examine the socioeconomic factors, comorbid conditions, and health care utilization among patients of a large academic primary care network who are users and non-users of the patient portal; and (2) describe the portal functions most frequently utilized.

Methods We included all adult patients at Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist who had at least two primary care visits between 2018 and 2019. Patients' demographics, comorbidities, health care utilization, and portal function usage were extracted from the electronic health record and merged with census data (income, education, and unemployment) from the American Community Survey. A myWakeHealth portal user was defined as a patient who used a bidirectional portal function at least once during the study period. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine which patient characteristics were independently associated with being a portal user.

Results Of the 178,720 patients who met inclusion criteria, 32% (N = 57,122) were users of myWakeHealth. Compared to non-users, users were more likely to be 18 to 64 years of age, female, non-Hispanic White, married, commercially insured, have higher disease burden, and have lower health care utilization. Patients residing in areas with the highest educational attainment had 51% higher odds of being a portal user than the lowest (p <0.001). Among portal users, the most commonly used function was messaging clinic providers.

Conclusion We found that patient demographics and area socioeconomic factors were associated with patient portal adoption. These findings suggest that efforts to improve portal adoption should be targeted at vulnerable patients.
IgA Levels among Type 2 Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients with Periodontitis: A Prospective Clinical Study
Authors: Palwankar Pooja , Jain Saumya , Pandey Ruchi , Mahesh Shakila
Published: September 2022

Objectives To estimate gingival crevicular immunoglobulin A(IgA) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) among type II diabetic patients with periodontitis.

Materials and Methods A non-randomized study was done of 40 periodontitis subjects with a mean age of 50 years and were recruited into two groups, Group A (Type II controlled diabetics with HbA1c < 7%) and Group B (non-diabetics with HbA1c between 4 and 6%). Both the groups underwent nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). The clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, 1, and 3 months. GCF sample was collected for the estimation of crevicular IgA at baseline and at 3 months.

Statistical Analysis Results were analyzed using parametric tests paired t-test and Student's t-test for every assessment point. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results Difference in IgA levels and clinical parameters was seen between diabetic and non-diabetic groups, which was statistically significant.

Conclusion Changes in crevicular IgA levels in patients with diabetic periodontitis can be used as a novel biomarker in assessing the inflammatory status.
Improved LEDs glow after electricity switches off
Authors: Johnson-Groh Mara
Published: September 2022

A host-guest doping strategy enables organic LEDs to continue glowing long after the voltage is cut.
An exact tunneling model and its application to transmission and reflection delay times
Authors: Jensen Kevin L. , Riga Jeanne , Lebowitz Joel L. , Seviour Rebecca , Shiffler Donald A.
Published: September 2022

Electron emission into a nanogap is not instantaneous, which presents a difficulty in simulating ultra-fast behavior using particle models. A method of approximating the transmission and reflection delay (TARD) times of a wave packet interacting with barriers described by a delta function, a metal–insulator–metal (MIM, rectangular) barrier, and a Fowler Nordheim (FN, triangular) barrier is given and has application to simulation. It is based on the superposition of a finite number of exact basis states obtained from Schrödinger’s equation, analogous to how quantum carpets are simulated. As a result, it can exactly and uniquely follow exponentially small tunneling currents. A Bohm-like trajectory is obtained from the time evolution of the density: it shows delay in both the transmitted and reflected packets that can be simply evaluated. The relations to prior studies of the analytic [Formula: see text]-function barrier and the Wigner distribution function (WDF) methods are described. A comparison of the TARD times is contrasted to alternate times in the Büttiker–Landauer (BL) and McColl–Hartman (MH) times; the MH approach is further reformulated explicitly in terms of Gamow factors to consider how the McColl–Hartman effect is to be related, particularly in the case of the FN barrier of field emission.
Quenching transitions for the rovibrational transitions of water: Ortho-H2O in collision with ortho- and para-H2
Authors: Wiesenfeld Laurent
Published: September 2022

We present here the first full computation of the rovibrational quenching of a polyatomic molecule (water) by a rotating molecular projectile (H2). The computation is performed for quenching from the first bending mode of water at ν ≃ 1595 cm−1 with a rotation energy of up to ∼400 cm−1 in the bending mode. Molecular hydrogen is in its para and ortho modifications; it is rotating with a rotational quantum number of up to 4 and 3, respectively. All computations are performed on a very reliable and fully tested potential water–hydrogen energy surface of full dimensionality. Dynamics is performed in the full coupled channel formalism in the rigid bender approximation with a decoupling of the water rotation and vibration bases. Rate coefficients are converged for a kinetic temperature range 50–500 K. The crucial importance of the proper treatment of the projectile rotation is emphasized with orders of magnitude differences between the different channels for the H2 rotation. Sensitivity to the actual rovibrational initial state of water exists but in a weaker manner. Overall quenching rate coefficients are about 10−12 cm3 s−1, remaining one to three orders of magnitude lower than pure rotational quenching. They should be employed to model denser and warmer astrophysical media, such as high atmospheres or star and planet forming regions, which are to be explored by infrared space telescopes, such as JWST.
High-accuracy determination of Paul-trap stability parameters for electric-quadrupole-shift prediction
Authors: Lindvall T. , Hanhijärvi K. J. , Fordell T. , Wallin A. E.
Published: September 2022

The motion of an ion in a radiofrequency (rf) Paul trap is described by the Mathieu equation and the associated stability parameters that are proportional to the rf and dc electric field gradients. Here, a higher-order, iterative method to accurately solve the stability parameters from measured secular frequencies is presented. It is then used to characterize an endcap trap by showing that the trap’s radial asymmetry is dominated by the dc field gradients and by measuring the relation between the applied voltages and the gradients. The results are shown to be in good agreement with an electrostatic finite-element-method simulation of the trap. Furthermore, a method to determine the direction of the radial trap axes using a “tickler” voltage is presented, and the temperature dependence of the rf voltage is discussed. As an application for optical ion clocks, the method is used to predict and minimize the electric quadrupole shift (EQS) using the applied dc voltages. Finally, a lower limit of 1070 for the cancellation factor of the Zeeman-averaging EQS cancellation method is determined in an interleaved low-/high-EQS clock measurement. This reduces the EQS uncertainty of our 88Sr+ optical clock to ≲1×10−19 in fractional frequency units.
Multiple lines of evidence infer centurial-scale habitat change and resilience in a threatened plant species at Mount Dangar, Hunter Valley, New South Wales
Authors: Bell Stephen A. J. , Lamrock Phil , Haines Heather A. , Turney Chris
Published: September 2022

Context Populations of the threatened plant Acacia dangarensis at Mount Dangar (Hunter Valley, New South Wales) may best be managed by recognising centurial, rather than decadal, change in habitat. Aim Multiple data sources have been used to explore the hypothesis that above-ground presence of A. dangarensis is driven by centurial-scale cycles in climate (wet–dry phases) and fire. Methods Current-day floristic composition is contrasted with that documented by pre- and post-1900 botanical explorers for A. dangarensis and the fire-sensitive Callitris glaucophylla. Examination of fire history, oral recollections, rainfall and specimen collection databases, and radiocarbon (14C) and dendrochronological analyses of A. dangarensis have been used to build an ecological history of Mount Dangar. Key results There is no evidence of A. dangarensis occurring on Mount Dangar between 1825 (the first documented exploration) and 1979 (the first collection). Furthermore, historical wet–dry cycles where sufficient fuel was likely to have accumulated to propagate fire (required for seed germination) infer that the species may have last germinated from the seed bank c. 1730, but senesced prior to 1825. Our results suggest that a major fire during the extremely dry Austral summer of 1957–1958 killed most of the then dominant C. glaucophylla individuals. This fire followed 7–10 years of well above-average rainfall, allowing sufficient fuels to accumulate for fire to heat the soil and again release Acacia seed from dormancy. Conclusions Long-term resilience in A. dangarensis is highlighted irrespective of fire irregularity and recurrent drought that have occurred over at least the past 195 years. Implications Centurial-scale cycles in climate and fire appear to drive above-ground presence in this species. When present, occasional fruiting events may be sufficient to maintain the seed bank until suitable climatic conditions again favour a major wildfire event and subsequent seedling recruitment.
Potential for perceived failure of stratospheric aerosol injection deployment
Authors: Keys Patrick W. , Barnes Elizabeth A. , Diffenbaugh Noah S. , Hurrell James W. , Bell Curtis M.
Published: September 2022

As anthropogenic activities warm the Earth, the fundamental solution of reducing greenhouse gas emissions remains elusive. Given this mitigation gap, global warming may lead to intolerable climate changes as adaptive capacity is exceeded. Thus, there is emerging interest in solar radiation modification, which is the process of deliberately increasing Earth’s albedo to cool the planet. Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI)—the theoretical deployment of particles in the stratosphere to enhance reflection of incoming solar radiation—is one strategy to slow, pause, or reverse global warming. If SAI is ever pursued, it will likely be for a specific aim, such as affording time to implement mitigation strategies, lessening extremes, or reducing the odds of reaching a biogeophysical tipping point. Using an ensemble climate model experiment that simulates the deployment of SAI in the context of an intermediate greenhouse gas trajectory, we quantified the probability that internal climate variability masks the effectiveness of SAI deployment on regional temperatures. We found that while global temperature was stabilized, substantial land areas continued to experience warming. For example, in the SAI scenario we explored, up to 55% of the global population experienced rising temperatures over the decade following SAI deployment and large areas exhibited high probability of extremely hot years. These conditions could cause SAI to be perceived as a failure. Countries with the largest economies experienced some of the largest probabilities of this perceived failure. The potential for perceived failure could therefore have major implications for policy decisions in the years immediately following SAI deployment.
The profanity gap in contemporary Spanish society
Authors: Gutiérrez Rubio Enrique
Published: September 2022

This paper examines sex differences in the use of expletives in spontaneous informal conversations among the
contestants in the Spanish version of Big Brother. The results of the analysis of a corpus of 33,050 words empirically support
some of the previous findings of self-reported use obtained from questionnaires and interviews. However, some unexpected findings
were also noted – two of the women employ profanity more commonly than two out of the five male participants and one female swears
particularly often in mixed-sex conversations. According to the results of the study, the ‘profanity gap’ in Spanish society may
be narrowing, but it has not completely disappeared.
Investigating how student-centered and teacher-centered teaching paradigms relate to the academic motivation and learning behaviors of secondary school students in China (Explorando las relaciones entre los modelos pedagógicos centrados en el estudiante y centrados en el docente y la motivación académica y conductas de aprendizaje de los estudiantes de secundaria en China)
Authors: Cheng Hong-Yu , Chen Lu
Published: September 2022

To foster the pursuit of a better understanding of how the shift of teaching paradigms from teacher-centred instruction to student-centred instruction might have effects on Chinese students’ learning, this study investigated the associations between teaching paradigms (student-centred and teacher-centred) and students’ academic motivation and learning behaviours in Chinese secondary schools. Measures assessing the teaching paradigms perceived by students and participants’ academic motivation and learning behaviours were administered to 492 secondary school students who were experiencing the paradigm shift. The results of data analyses indicated that student-centred instruction in comparison to teacher-centred instruction presented higher significance levels in relating to students’ academic motivation and learning behaviours in general. However, student-centred instruction was not found significantly related to Chinese students’ autonomous, independent, planning and managing behaviours in learning. Furthermore, it was found that grade significantly moderated the relations between student-centred instruction and learning behaviours of students.
An engineered concealed IL-15-R elicits tumor-specific CD8+T cell responses through PD-1-cis delivery
Authors: Shen Jiao , Zou Zhuangzhi , Guo Jingya , Cai Yueqi , Xue Diyuan , Liang Yong , Wang Wenyan , Peng Hua , Fu Yang-Xin
Published: September 2022

Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy releases the inhibition of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) but weakly induces TIL proliferation. Exogenous IL-15 could further expand TILs and thus synergize with αPD-L1 therapy. However, systemic delivery of IL-15 extensively expands peripheral NK cells, causing severe toxicity. To redirect IL-15 to intratumoral PD-1+CD8+T effector cells instead of NK cells for better tumor control and lower toxicity, we engineered an anti–PD-1 fusion with IL-15-IL-15Rα, whose activity was geographically concealed by immunoglobulin Fc region with an engineered linker (αPD-1-IL-15-R) to bypass systemic NK cells. Systematic administration of αPD-1-IL-15-R elicited extraordinary antitumor efficacy with undetectable toxicity. Mechanistically, cis-delivery of αPD-1-IL-15-R vastly expands tumor-specific CD8+T cells for tumor rejection. Additionally, αPD-1-IL-15-R upregulated PD-1 and IL-15Rβ on T cells to create a feedforward activation loop, thus rejuvenating TILs, not only resulting in tumor control in situ, but also suppressing tumor metastasis. Collectively, renavigating IL-15 to tumor-specific PD-1+CD8+T cells, αPD-1-IL-15-R elicits effective systemic antitumor immunity.
Effect of spin-polarization on filamentation in magnetized quantum plasma
Authors: Kumar Punit , Ahmad Nafees
Published: September 2022

A theoretical study analysing the effects of spin- polarization resulting from the difference in concentration of the oppositely spinning electrons on the filamentation instability of an intense laser beam propagating in magnetized quantum plasma. The ponderomotive force has been evaluated taking into account the electron’s Fermi pressure, quantum Bohm potential and electron’s spin. The effective dielectric constant has been calculated. For the filamentaton instability, the dispersion relation has been established and the growth rate has been studied analytically. The spin-polarization is found to enhance the filamentation.
Operational interpretation of bipartite quantum correlation
Authors: Li Weijing
Published: September 2022

Operational interpretations of quantum resource measures lie at the heart of quantum information processing technologies. In this paper, we show that the bipartite quantum correlation in terms of Wigner-Yanase skew information, is the minimal failure probability of a particular state ensemble discrimination task via the associated least square measurement. We then derive a general relation between quantum coherence with respect to quantum operation and discriminating probability specific to least square measurement. Furthermore, we provide a wave-particle duality relation between bipartite quantum correlation and which-path information.
Realistic conversion of single-mode squeezed vacuum state to large-amplitude high-fidelity Schrödinger cat states by inefficient photon number resolving detection
Authors: Kuts Dmitry A , Podoshvedov Mikhail S , Nguyen Ba An , Podoshvedov Sergey A
Published: September 2022

We theoretically propose an efficient way to generate optical analogs of both even and odd Schrӧdinger cat states (SCSs) of large amplitude with high fidelity and reasonable generation rate. The resources consumed are a single-mode squeezed vacuum state (SMSV) and possibly a single photon or nothing. We report the generation of even (odd) SCS with amplitude

4.2
,

fidelity higher than

0.99

with success probability a little more than

10

−
7

by subtraction of

30
(
31
)

photons from SMSV by ideal photon number detection. In order to reduce the requirements for the sensitivity of photon number resolving (PNR) detector, we show the implementation of even/odd SCSs with the same characteristics with two PNR detectors resolving only

15

photons each instead of

30
.

In the case of inefficient detector, SCS’s size and its fidelity can be kept close to perfect by using highly transmitting beam splitter, but at the cost of very dramatic reduction of the success probability. In order to have certain harmony between the characteristics (large amplitude, high fidelity and acceptable success probability) in the case of imperfect detection, highly transmitting beam splitters should not be used and number of the subtracted photons must be reduced to

10

11

.
An Ultra-wide Bandwidth Low-frequency Radio Astronomical Cryogenic Receiver for FAST Telescope
Authors: Liu Hong-Fei , Jiang Peng , He Chuan , Yang Fan , Liu Hong-Ju , Wang Sheng-Wang , Wu Yang , Zhu Yan , Cao Yang , Song Jin-You , Shi Xiang-Wei , Guo Ming-Lei , Zhang Hang , Liu Wen-Hao
Published: September 2022

This paper presents an ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) low-frequency radio astronomical cryogenic receiver for the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). It covers 6.6:1 bandwidth from 0.5 to 3.3 GHz. The receiver consists of a Quad-Ridged Flared Horn (QRFH), a cryogenic microwave unit, an optical transceiver and a warm microwave and frequency mixing unit. A QRFH with a concentric-loaded dielectric spear is developed: the average return losses are larger than 20 dB; the average ports polarization isolation is 43.87 dB; the average dish efficiency is higher than 65%. Many UWB cryogenic low loss components are developed for the fabrication of a cryogenic microwave unit. The average noise temperature lower than 14.2 K and 22.5 K are achieved as referred to the input ports of cryogenic Dewar and the output of horn, respectively. Compared to other similar advanced UWB receivers, such as Parkes 0.7–4.2 GHz (6:1 bandwidth) receiver and FAST 0.27–1.62 GHz (6:1 bandwidth) receiver, wider relative bandwidth of the proposed receiver is achieved and it is a new attempt to expand the bandwidth of UWB low-frequency receiver.
Detection of the Farthest Globular Cluster NGC 6715 and Two Other GCs in Gamma-Rays with Fermi-LAT
Authors: Yuan Min , Ren Chongyang , Zhang Pengfei , Jiang Zejun , Zhang Li
Published: September 2022

In this paper, ∼12 yr long-term Pass 8 data from Fermi Large Area Telescope for the 157 globular clusters are carefully re-analyzed. Besides the 31 globular clusters reported in the fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope catalog Data Release 2, NGC 1851 is identified as a gamma-ray emitter and the significant gamma-ray emissions from NGC 6715 and NGC 6723 are detected. Especially NGC 6715 is located at a distance of 26.8 kpc, so far it is the farthest globular cluster detected in gamma-rays. A detailed analysis for these three globular clusters has been performed, but their gamma-ray pulsation emissions or flux variabilities are not found. The numbers of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) in these globular clusters are estimated under the assumption that each MSP inside globular clusters emits a similar amount of gamma-rays. Some possible origins of gamma-ray emission from globular clusters, such as MSPs, pulsar binary systems and/or dark matter, are discussed.
An outlier detection-based method for artifact removal of few-channel EEGs
Authors: Chen He , Zhang Hao , Liu Chuancai , Chai Yifan , Li Xiaoli
Published: September 2022

Objective. The electroencephalogram (EEG) is one of the most important brain-imaging tools. The few-channel EEG is more suitable and affordable for practical use as a wearable device. Removing artifacts from collected EEGs is a prerequisite for accurately interpreting brain function and state. Previous studies proposed methods combining signal decomposition with the blind source separation (BSS) algorithms, but most of them used threshold-based criteria for artifact rejection, resulting in a lack of effectiveness in removing specific artifacts and the excessive suppression of brain activities. In this study, we proposed an outlier detection-based method for artifact removal under the few-channel condition. Approach. The underlying components (sources) were extracted using the decomposition-BSS schema. Based on our assumptions that in the feature space, the artifact-related components are dispersed, while the components related to brain activities are closely distributed, the artifact-related components were identified and rejected using one-class support vector machine. The assumptions were validated by visualizing the distribution of clusters of components. Main results. In quantitative analyses with semisimulated data, the proposed method outperformed the threshold-based methods for various artifacts, including muscle artifact, ocular artifact, and power line noise. With a real dataset and an event-related potential dataset, the proposed method demonstrated good performance in real-life situations. Significance. This study provided a fully data-driven and adaptive method for removing various artifacts in a single process without excessive suppression of brain activities.
Experimental investigation of the ADC sampling rate effect on the digital gamma spectrometry
Authors: Shaker Hesham. H. , Kasban H. , Saleh A.A. , Dessouky M.
Published: September 2022

Gamma spectrometer is not available in many laboratories
because it is very expensive. Analog to digital converter ADC is the
basic component of digital gamma spectrometers. The sampling rate of
the ADC plays an important role in determining the performance and
the cost of the gamma spectrometers. This paper investigates
experimentally the ADC's sampling rate effect on the performance of
the gamma spectroscopy. The conducted experiment started by sampling
a real pre-amplifier output. Then, the acquired samples have been
processed at different sampling rates to build the dedicated gamma
spectrums. During the processing of the sampled signals, three
different digital filters have been tested to distinguish their
effect on the energy resolution when the sampling rate is
reduced. The results of this experimental investigation will help
later in proposing new low-cost and efficient gamma spectrometer
prototypes.
Nanosecond machine learning regression with deep boosted decision trees in FPGA for high energy physics
Authors: Carlson B.T. , Bayer Q. , Hong T.M. , Roche S.T.
Published: September 2022

We present a novel application of the machine learning / artificial intelligence method called boosted decision trees to estimate physical quantities on field programmable gate arrays (FPGA).
The software package
fwXmachina
features a new architecture called parallel decision paths that allows for deep decision trees with arbitrary number of input variables.
It also features a new optimization scheme to use different numbers of bits for each input variable,
which produces optimal physics results and ultraefficient FPGA resource utilization.
Problems in high energy physics of proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are considered.
Estimation of missing transverse momentum (ET
miss) at the first level trigger system at the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) experiments,
with a simplified detector modeled by Delphes,
is used to benchmark and characterize the firmware performance.
The firmware implementation with a maximum depth of up to 10 using eight input variables of 16-bit precision gives a latency value of 𝒪(10) ns,
independent of the clock speed,
and 𝒪(0.1)% of the available FPGA resources without using digital signal processors.
Visualizing electrical energy consumption with virtual augmented technology and the internet of things
Authors: Naret S , Annop T , Supharoek S , Thanadon J
Published: September 2022

Power consumption was considered one of the major expenses in households and small offices in the COVID pandemic situation. The proposed method employs virtual augmented technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) to provide a visual solution for monitoring the power consumption of electrical equipment. The IoT sensors are linked via mobile phones or portable communication devices. For the proposed work, the energy sensor devices are installed on the 4 single-phase electrical devices in the office room equipment. That equipment’s electrical consumption was saved, processed through the ESP8266 board, and then transmitted through WiFi to collect data on the cloud server. The saved electrical energy data in the dashboard can be displayed as a visual comparison with AR technology by using the mobile phone camera to scan the marker of each electrical device. The experimental results show that the value of electrical energy is accurate, and the data values can be used to manage the power consumption of electrical equipment.
Experimental Investigation of Aluminium Dross and GGBS in the Production of Eco-Friendly Concrete
Authors: Arpitha D J , praveen Kannam
Published: September 2022

The use of alternative materials in production of concrete is being well normal, since it makes two possibilities in improving within the concrete composites, additionally except standard economic system. This paper offers laboratory research record approximately the utilization of aluminium dross (AD), floor granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as partial alternative of cement. The partial replacement of cement turned into performed in specific trail blend for M35 grade of concrete one by one. The blend trail with distinct five percent of Aluminium dross and GGBS through zero%, 10%, 20%, 30%, forty% so that you can discover the most reliable percent use in concrete. From those trial mixes, percentage optimization of Aluminium dross and GGBS utilized in concrete for the in addition investigation. It became discovered that five% of Alluminium Dross and, 30% replacement of GGBS respectively offers most strength to concrete.
Travel mode choice changes due to covid-19- case study of Yelahanka
Authors: Akshay R , Kanimozhee S , Madhu K A
Published: September 2022

India had repeated lockdowns from 2020 to 2022, however changes in commuters' travel mode preferences were noted both before and after COVID-19.. In total 950 participant response were created through Microsoft Forms and sent through different forms of social media like WhatsApp, LinkedIn and Facebook and 12% of the responses were recorded out the study area so it was excluded during the study purpose, the total responses were carried out for the study were 827 responses. The study also attempted to quantify the effects of influencing factors which can explain change in the commuter’s travel mode choice. The findings revealed that employment growth as seen after COVID-19 of 6% were the main purpose of travelling was to office, recreational and medical services of 19% after COVID-19. Mode choice model were created accordingly for the data analysed. The MLR Model created for Before Covid-19 data shows a good fit and the independent variables are significantly affecting the outcome variable and the Multiple Linear Regression Model created for Post-Covid-19 shows the independent variables are affecting significantly affecting the dependent variable i.e. Mode Choice. Therefore, Multiple Linear Regression Model is finalized and the collected data of the present study shows good model fit. The goal of the current study is to help policymakers better understand the dynamics of shifting travel demand and trip purpose before and after events like COVID-19.
Building Information Modelling and Augmented Reality for building energy systems visualisation
Authors: Avani P , Bhavana B
Published: September 2022

Augmented reality is an important aspect of today's technological environment, as it aids in the development of technical abilities in students and engineers. Construction is often the industry with the least relation to digitalization, and we are currently dealing with challenges with real-view objects. Because some Elements are buried beneath the fake ceiling and walls, these components, which include ventilation, air conditioning, heating, and lighting, are now only partially visible in the building environment[9]. As per this article, Owners can track the project and use it for predictive maintenance, facility management, and future refurbishment using a mobile.
Strengthening of Cement mortar by Reinforcing Carbon Based Nano Material
Authors: Jayachandra  , Yashwanth H. J. , Ramalinga Reddy Y , Sanjith J
Published: September 2022

The present study reported the mechanical behaviour of reduced Graphene Oxide infused in cement mortar. In this investigation initially well graded Graphene Oxide confirming the presence of carbon functional group by FTIR Spectro results it is dispersed in suitable dispersion agent to obtain reduced Graphene Oxide [rGO]. The reduced Graphene Oxide was ultrasonicated with different hours of sonication at 1, 2, 4 and 6hours to reduce the oxygen functional groups. A series of cement mortar composite with varying percentages of reduced Graphene Oxide were prepared to achieve maximum strength by examining the compressive strength for different curing periods. The mechanical test results revealed that the composite containing reduced Graphene Oxide with 0.1% dosage showed good dispersion and well compressive strength prepared for 28 days than the plain cement mortar composite with 4hour sonication time. The strength of cement mortar prepared decreased after the time of sonication amplified from 4hours to 6hours due to interfacial bonding between the cement paste decreased. This study delivers a valued influence toward better understanding of the influence of reduced Graphene Oxide particle size on the properties of cementitious composites to optimize their performance.
Study on International Road Roughness index (IRI) using Smart phone application from REVA University to Kodigehalli gate, Bangalore, India
Authors: Shivananda P. , Khatua Sangram Kumar
Published: September 2022

International Roughness Index (IRI) is one of the most widely used indices to determine the roughness of different road surface. Roughness index helps in identifying the quality of the road surface and suggest improvement measures. In this paper Roughness index values are measured from REVA University to Kodigehalli Gate. International Roughness Index are measured using mobile application. IRI value depends on vehicle speed and road. Roughness indicates the present road condition and helps in making decision related to management and maintenance of different types of roads. Based on Carbin app [1] results road user can identify 1) Safety, 2) Traffic, 3) Comfort of driving, 4) Fuel Consumption, 5) Quality of Air and 6) Road condition. Carbin application is used to collect Road quality, Speed, CO2 savings. In the study stretch Maximum value of IRI = 5.6m/km obtained from Bagalur cross to on BSF Cross and this stretch road user face all the above 6 problems. Minimum value of IRI= 2.44m/km obtained from Kodigehalli Cross to Bagalur cross (Airport Road-NH), the road is recently maintained by overlaying, in this stretch, road users comfortably use this stretch of road with respect above 6 aspects. As per the IRI value, new roads to be constructed to get IRI<1.2 m/km, once it reaches IRI=4 m/km road need to be maintained to get IRI < 2.2 m/km.
Improvement of circuit oscillation generated by underwater high voltage pulse discharges based on pulse power thyristor
Authors: YU Yingbo , KANG Zhongjian
Published: September 2022

High voltage fracturing technology was widely used in the field of reservoir reconstruction due to its advantages of being clean, pollution-free, and high-efficiency. However, high-frequency circuit oscillation occurs during the underwater high voltage pulse discharge process, which brings security risks to the stability of the pulse fracturing system. In order to solve this problem, an underwater pulse power discharge system was established, the circuit oscillation generation conditions were analyzed and the circuit oscillation suppression method was proposed. Firstly, the system structure was introduced and the charging model of the energy storage capacitor was established by the state space average method. Next, the electrode high-voltage breakdown model was established through COMSOL software, the electrode breakdown process was analyzed according to the electron density distribution image, and the plasma channel impedance was estimated based on the conductivity simulation results. Then the underwater pulse power discharge process and the circuit oscillation generation condition were analyzed, and the circuit oscillation suppression strategy of using the thyristor to replace the gas spark switch was proposed. Finally, laboratory experiments were carried out to verify the precision of the theoretical model and the suppression effect of circuit oscillation. The experimental results show that the voltage variation of the energy storage capacitor, the impedance change of the pulse power discharge process, and the equivalent circuit in each discharge stage were consistent with the theoretical model. The proposed oscillation suppression strategy cannot only prevent the damage caused by circuit oscillation but also reduce the damping oscillation time by 77.1%, which can greatly improve the stability of the system. This research has potential application value in the field of underwater pulse power discharge for reservoir reconstruction.
Degradation of antibiotic contaminants from water by gas–liquid underwater discharge plasma
Authors: LU Fu , ZHOU Jian , WU Zhengwei
Published: September 2022

Antibiotic contamination adversely affects human health and ecological balance. In this study, gas–liquid underwater discharge plasma was employed to simultaneously degrade three antibiotics, sulfadiazine (SDZ), tetracycline (TC), and norfloxacin (NOR), to address the growing problem of antibiotic contaminants in water. The effects of various parameters on the antibiotic degradation efficiency were evaluated, including the discharge gas type and flow rate, the initial concentration and pH of the solution, and the discharge voltage. Under the optimum parameter configuration, the average removal rate of the three antibiotics was 54.0% and the energy yield was 8.9 g (kW·h)−1 after 5 min treatment; the removal efficiency was 96.5% and the corresponding energy yield was 4.0 g (kW·h)−1 after 20 min treatment. Reactive substance capture and determination experiments indicated that ·OH and O3 played a vital role in the decomposition of SDZ and NOR, but the role of reactive substances in TC degradation was relatively less significant.
Assessing appropriate panel size and optimization of quality metrics for ambulatory care pharmacists in the primary care setting
Authors: Ozbay Nimet , King Benjamin S , Gothard M David , King Cynthia A
Published: September 2022

Purpose

Chronic disease state management utilizing pharmacists improves quality metrics, allows providers to focus on acute issues, and decreases physician burnout risk. Minimal data exist on pharmacist panel size and its impact. This study aimed to determine appropriate pharmacist panel size based on workload, quality metrics, and patient access.

Methods

This study was a retrospective, multiclinic cohort analysis of patients with diabetes managed by pharmacists at 7 outpatient clinics. The primary objective calculated panel size per full-time equivalent (FTE) utilizing the National Health Interview Survey. Secondary objectives calculated the ideal FTE based on provider to pharmacist ratio and determined the impact of pharmacist panel size on patient access and quality metrics.

Results

A total of 4,399 patients were analyzed from 2017 through 2019, with age (range, 57.4 to 62.6 years), sex (52.5% to 63.5% female), race (41.2% to 93.7% African American), insurance type (13.3% to 41% Medicaid), and mean number of medications (13.1 to 20.3) significantly different between sites. Primary outcome results showed that actual panel sizes were less than calculated. However, secondary outcomes indicated that each site was understaffed (actual 0.2 to 0.5 FTE vs calculated 2.52 to 7.34 FTEs) and overbooked (95% to 122% capacity, 17 to 54.2 days for time to third next available appointment). Patients met the composite quality metric 35.1% to 56.3% of the time across sites.

Conclusion

This study supports the use of patient access data to determine appropriate pharmacist panel size. Utilizing provider panel size to pharmacist ratio and time to third next available appointment is preferable for determining appropriate pharmacist panel size. Further research is needed to evaluate return times to help determine an ideal pharmacist panel size.
BMPR1A promotes ID2–ZEB1 interaction to suppress excessive endothelial to mesenchymal transition
Authors: Lee Heon-Woo , Adachi Takaomi , Pak Boryeong , Park Saejeong , Hu Xiaoyue , Choi Woosoung , Kowalski Piotr S , Chang C Hong , Clapham Katharine R , Lee Aram , Papangeli Irinna , Kim Jongmin , Han Orjin , Park Jihwan , Anderson Daniel G , Simons Michael , Jin Suk-Won , Chun Hyung J
Published: September 2022

Aims

Components of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling have been implicated in both pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). In particular, the importance of BMP type 2 receptor in these processes has been extensively analysed. However, the contribution of BMP type 1 receptors (BMPR1s) to the onset of PAH and EndoMT remains poorly understood. BMPR1A, one of BMPR1s, was recently implicated in the pathogenesis of PAH, and was found to be down-regulated in the lungs of PAH patients, neither the downstream mechanism nor its contribution to EndoMT has been described. Therefore, we aim to delineate the role of endothelial BMPR1A in modulating EndoMT and pathogenesis of PAH.

Methods and results

We find that BMPR1A knockdown in endothelial cells (ECs) induces hallmarks of EndoMT, and deletion of endothelial Bmpr1a in adult mice (Bmpr1aiECKO) leads to development of PAH-like symptoms due to excessive EndoMT. By lineage tracing, we show that endothelial-derived smooth muscle cells are increased in endothelial Bmpr1a-deleted mice. Mechanistically, we identify ZEB1 as a primary target for BMPR1A in this setting; upon BMPR1A activation, ID2 physically interacts and sequesters ZEB1 to attenuate transcription of Tgfbr2, which in turn lowers the responses of ECs towards transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) stimulation and prevents excessive EndoMT. In Bmpr1aiECKO mice, administering endothelial targeting lipid nanoparticles containing siRNA against Tgfbr2 effectively ameliorate PAH, reiterating the importance of BMPR1A-ID2/ZEB1-TGFBR2 axis in modulating progression of EndoMT and pathogenesis of PAH.

Conclusions

We demonstrate that BMPR1A is key to maintain endothelial identity and to prevent excessive EndoMT. We identify BMPR1A-induced interaction between ID2 and ZEB1 is the key regulatory step for onset of EndoMT and pathogenesis of PAH. Our findings indicate that BMPR1A-ID2/ZEB1-TGFBR2 signalling axis could serve as a potential novel therapeutic target for PAH and other EndoMT-related vascular disorders.
Lithoautotrophic lifestyle of the widespread genusRoseovariusrevealed by physiological and genomic characterization ofRoseovarius autotrophicussp. nov
Authors: Slobodkina Galina , Ratnikova Nataliya , Merkel Alexander , Kevbrin Vadim , Kuchierskaya Alexandra , Slobodkin Alexander
Published: September 2022

The genus Roseovarius, a member of the ecologically important Roseobacter-clade, is widespread throughout the world. A facultatively anaerobic lithoautotrophic bacterium (strain SHN287T), belonging to the genus Roseovarius, was isolated with molecular hydrogen as an electron donor and nitrate as an electron acceptor from a terrestrial mud volcano. Strain SHN287T possessed metabolic features not reported for Roseovarius such as chemolithoautotrophic growth with oxidation of molecular hydrogen or sulfur compounds, anaerobic growth and denitrification. Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, the new isolate is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Roseovarius, for which the name Roseovarius autotrophicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SHN287T (= KCTC 15916T = VKM B-3404T). An amended description of the genus Roseovarius is provided. Comparison of 46 Roseovarius genomes revealed that (i) a full set of genes for the Calvin-Benson cycle is present only in two strains: SHN287T and Roseovarius salinarum; (ii) respiratory H2-uptake [NiFe] hydrogenases are specific for a phylogenetically distinct group, including SHN287T-related strains; (iii) the Sox enzymatic complex is encoded in most of the studied genomes; and (iv) denitrification genes are widespread and randomly distributed among the genus. The metabolic characteristics found in R. autotrophicus sp. nov. expand the ecological role of the genus Roseovarius.
Medication Regimen Complexity and Risk of Bleeding in People Who Initiate Oral Anticoagulants for Atrial Fibrillation: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Chen Esa Y H , Zhao Jiaxi , Ilomäki Jenni , Sluggett Janet K , Bell J Simon , Wimmer Barbara C , Hilmer Sarah N , Blais Joseph E , Wong Ian C K , Chan Esther W
Published: September 2022

Background

Oral anticoagulants (OACs) are high-risk medications often used in older people with complex medication regimens. This study was the first to assess the association between overall regimen complexity and bleeding in people with atrial fibrillation (AF) initiating OACs.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with AF who initiated an OAC (warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban) between 2010 and 2016 were identified from the Hong Kong Clinical Database and Reporting System. Each patient’s Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) score was computed. Baseline characteristics were balanced using inverse probability of treatment weighting. People were followed until a first hospitalization for bleeding (intracranial hemorrhage, gastrointestinal bleeding, or other bleeding) and censored at discontinuation of the index OAC, death, or end of the follow-up period, whichever occurred first. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) between MRCI quartiles and bleeding during initiation and all follow-up.

Results

There were 19 292 OAC initiators (n = 9 092 warfarin, n = 10 200 direct oral anticoagulants) with a mean (standard deviation) age at initiation of 73.9 (11.0) years. More complex medication regimens were associated with an increased risk of bleeding (MRCI > 14.0–22.00: aHR 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.93–1.49; MRCI > 22.0–32.5: aHR 1.32, 95%CI 1.06–1.66; MRCI > 32.5: aHR 1.45, 95%CI 1.13–1.87, compared to MRCI ≤ 14). No significant association between MRCI and bleeding risk was observed during the initial 30, 60, or 90 days of treatment.

Conclusion

In this cohort study of people with AF initiating an OAC, a more complex medication regimen was associated with higher bleeding risk over periods longer than 90 days. Further prospective studies are needed to assess whether MRCI should be considered in OAC prescribing.