bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acupuncture and the Nervous System
Authors: Cai Wuying
Published: November 2004

Acupuncture is based on neuroanatomy and neurophysiology. At each acupuncture point, there are peripheral nerves and terminals. Acupuncture will be useful for further understanding of the nervous system. A conceptual view of acupuncture's physiology is presented.
Effects of Xanthone Glycoside on Ephedrine-induced Biting Behavior and Motor Activity
Authors: Chen Ing-Jun , Lin Chun-Nan , Wu Bin-Nan , Cheng Kam-Lin
Published: November 2004

1-Hydroxy-3,4,7,8-tetramethoxyxanthone, β-sitosterol, uvaol-3-palmitate, and sweroside have been isolated from the fresh whole plant of Tripterospermum lanceolatum (Hayata) Haraex Satake (Gentianaceae). Our results on the pharmacological studies of xanthone glycoside and lanceoside suggested that they have a CNS depressant effect.
A Comparison of the Traditional Chinese Versus Transpositional Zangfu Organ Association Acupoint Locations in the Horse
Authors: Panzer Richard B.
Published: November 2004

The traditional Chinese (TC) and transpositional (TP) methods of animal acupoint location result in different acupoint charts. Representative TC and TP equine zangfu organ shu-association acupoint charts are compared to each other and to a human chart. Despite their differences, practitioners of both methods appear to achieve equally effective therapeutic results - a phenomenon termed "traditional Chinese/transpositional equal efficacy" (TTEE). Common veterinary acupuncture practices, traditional Chinese medical theory, spinal cord anatomy, and a preliminary equine "association, segment" chart are proposed to explain TTEE. The differences between the charts indicate that all documented animal acupoint locations should be explicitly described.
Pharmacological Actions of "Kyushin," a Drug Containing Toad Venom (3): Effects on Experimentally Induced Arrhythmia
Authors: Morishita Shin-ichi , Sugimoto Chishio , Shoji Masarnichi , Hirai Yasuharu , Oguni Yasuhiro , Ito Chihiro , Higuchi Makie , Sakanashi Matao
Published: November 2004

The pharmacological effects of the toad venom-containing drug "Kyushin" on aconitine- and thyroxine-induced arrhythmia in guinea pigs, on the conduction system in Langendorff preparations of rabbit hearts and on the autonomic nervous system in cats were studied. "Kyushin" significantly inhibited the aconitine-induced arrhythmia after intraduodenal administration (i.d.) with 80 mg/kg, and the thyroxine-induced arrhythmia with 40 mg/kg i.d. Although "Kyushin" itself did not affect the conduction system with 30 mg/ml of the maximal concentration being able to be prepared, bufalin and cinobufagin as constituents of toad venom produced inhibition with 0.3 mg/ml and 1 mg/ml, respectively. The decrease in heart rate induced by electrical stimulation to the parasympathetic nerve (vagus nerve) was potentiated by "Kyushin" at 30 mg/kg i.d. The anti-arrhythmic effects of "Kyushin" may be attributable to both possible inhibitory effect on the conduction system and potentiating effect on the parasympathetic nervous system.
The Effects of Chinese Herbs on Improving Survival and Inhibiting Anti-ds DNA Antibody Production in Lupus Mice
Authors: Chen Jong-Rern , Yen Jeng-Hsien , Lin Chun-Ching , Tsai Wen-Junn , Liu Wen-Jan , Tsai Jih-Jin , Lin Sheng-Fung , Liu Hong-Wen
Published: November 2004

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an important autoimmune disease with multiple organ system involvement. From preliminary studies, we have found that six Chinese herbs: Atractylodes ovata, Anqelica sinensis, Cordyceps sinensis, Liqustrum lucidum, Codonopsis pilosula and Homo sapiens can improve defective in vitro interleukin-2 (IL-2) production in patients with SLE. In order to investigate the in vivo effects of these herbs, we used NZB/NZW F1 mice, a typical lupus animal model used to test these herbs. It was found that C. pilosula, H. sapiens and C. sinensis could prolong the life span of female NZB/NZW F1 mice and inhibited anti-ds DNA production. Although A. sinensis could prolong the life span of experimental mice, it did not inhibit the production of anti-ds DNA antibody. These herbs may have great potential for the management of human SLE in the future.
Traditional Medicinal Plants of Saudi Arabia
Authors: AI-Said Mansour S.
Published: November 2004

The work gives an account of the use of twenty plant species in Saudi traditional medicine and their main chemical constituents. The botanical name, local name or names (in Arabic language), family, mode of administration and voucher herbarium numbers are recorded. Such a study is not only to document the current status of traditional uses of medicinal plants in Saudi Arabia, but also to give awareness of possible new drug resources.
Astragalus Membranaceus and Polygonum Multijlorum Protect Rat Heart Mitochondria Against Lipid Peroxidation
Authors: Hong C. Y. , Lo Y. C. , Tan F. C. , Wei Y. H. , Chen C. F.
Published: November 2004

We isolated rat heart mitochondria and induced lipid peroxidation with ADP and FeSO4.Oxygen consumption and MDA formation were measured for quantitating the amount of lipid peroxidation. Using these methods, we screened the water extracts of 14 Chinese medicinal herbs for their effect on lipid peroxidation. It was found that Astragalus membranaceus inhibited 42.1 ± 3.4% of oxygen consumption and 39.8 ± 3.2% of MDA production at concentration of 2 mg dried herb/ml mitochondrial suspension. At the same concentration, Polygonum multijlorum inhibited 52.1 ± 7.3% of oxygen consumption and 50.9 ± 5.3% of MDA production. Other herbs did not inhibit lipid peroxidation to 50% of control at concentration up to 6 mg dried herb/ml mitochondrial suspension. Purification and identification of the active component(s) in Astragalus membranaceus and Polygonum multijlorum as well as their clinical application await further studies.
The Analgesic Mechanism of Processed Aconiti Tuber: The Involvement of Descending Inhibitory System
Authors: Isono Tomoko , Oyama Tsutomu , Asami Akitoshi , Suzuki Yasuyuki , Hayakawa Yuki , Ikeda Yoshiki , Noguchi Masamichi , Omiya Yuji
Published: November 2004

Tsumura-shuchi-bushi-matsu (TJ-3021) is a processed Aconiti tuber which has a potent antinociceptive action. The present study was undertaken to study the analgesic mechanism produced by TJ-3021. RCS (repeated cold stress) rats in hyperalgesia were markedly suppressed by oral administration of TJ-3021. Intrathecal and intraperitoneal administration of a selective α2-adrenoreceptor antagonist, idazoxan (IDA), reduced significantly the analgesic effect of TJ-3021 in RCS rats. Methysergide (METH), a 5-HT receptor antagonist, demonstrated a similar effect, while intraperitoneal administration of opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone, did not produce the effect. Both oral and intracisternal administration of mesaconitine (MA) which is one of the main potent alkaloids contained in TJ-3021 produced analgesic effect in non-RCS rats.
The Effect of Evodia Rutaecarpa Extract on Cytokine Secretion by Human Mononuclear Cells in vitro
Authors: Chang Chih-Peng , Chang Jan-Yi , Wang Fang-Yu , Tseng Jerming , Chang Jan-Gowth
Published: November 2004

The effect of Evodia rutaecarpa extract on cytokine secretion by human mononuclear cells in vitro was investigated. Evodia rutaecarpa extract of various concentrations in mononuclear cell culture medium showed biphasic effects on the secretion of interleukin 1 ß (IL-1 ß), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) by the mononuclear cells. Generally speaking, a low to medium level of Evodia rutaecarpa extract, in concentrations ranging from 10% to 30%, showed significant stimulating effects on the secretion of IL-1 ß, IL-6, TNF-α and GM-CSF. On the other hand, high level of Evodia rutaecarpa extract, with concentration more than 40%, lost its stimulating effects. Moreover, reaction time affected the stimulating effects of Evodia rutaecarpa extract on cytokine secretion by mononuclear cells. Mononuclear cell culture medium containing Evodia rutaecarpa extract that was allowed to react for 18 or 24 hours showed significantly better stimulating effects than that reacted for 1 or 3 hours.
Enhancement of Nitric Oxide Production from Activated Macrophages by a Purified Form of Ginsenoside (Rg1)
Authors: Fan Zou-Heng , Isobe Ken-Ichi , Kiuchi Kazutoshi , Nakashima Izumi
Published: November 2004

We studied the actions of purified ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb1 on nitric oxide production from macrophages and a macrophage cell line RAW264-7. Although neither Rg1 nor Rb1 induced nitric oxide from resting macrophages, Rg1 enhanced the production of nitric oxide from IFN-γ activated-macrophages or RAW cells. Rg1 also enhanced the production of nitric oxide from macrophages cocultured with nonadherent spleen cells stimulated by conA, LPS or anti-CD3. Rb1, however, did not significantly enhance nitric oxide production from stimulated macrophages or RAW cells. Rg1 enhanced the tumor cell killing by nitric oxide produced from IFN-γ-activated macrophages.
Effects of Chaihu-Guizhi-Ganji on the Levels of Monoamines and Their Related Substances, and Acetylcholine in Discrete Brain Regions of Mice
Authors: ltoh Tadanobu , Michijiri Seisuke , Murai Shigeo , Saito Hiroko , Saito Hiroshi , Itsukaichi Osamu , Fujiwara Hideyo
Published: November 2004

The effects of the extract powder (CggT) from Chaihu-Guizhi-Gajiang-Tang (Saiko-keishi-kankyo-to, in Japanese) on the monoamines and their related substances and the acetylcholine in mouse brain were examined. 1) A single administration of CggT significantly increased the levels of HVA and 5-HIAA in the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, corpus striatum and hippocampus at 75 mg/kg, and those in the hypothalamus, corpus striatum and hippocampus at 750 mg/kg. 2) The repeated administration of CggT significantly increased the level of 5-HT in the hippocampus at 75 mg/kg, and the levels of 5-HT in the corpus striatum and of NE and 5-HT in the hippocampus at 750 mg/kg. 3) The level of ACh was significantly increased in the hypothalamus alone after single administration of CggT. These findings suggest that CggT stimulates function of the dopaminergic and serotonergic nervous systems in mice, but not most of the NEnergic and cholinergic nervous systems.
Stimulative Effects of Gusuibu (Drynaria baronii) Injection on Chick Embryo Bone Primordium Calcification in Vitro
Authors: Ma Ke-Chang , Zhu Tai-Yong , Wang Fang-Xuan
Published: November 2004

Through tissue culture and isotope tracing, it was found that Gusuibu (Drynaria baronii) injection (GI) significantly promoted calcification of the cultivated chick embryo bone primordium (CEBP), increased ALP activity in the cultivated tissue, and accelerated synthesis of proteoglycan. It was also confirmed that the promotion of proteoglycan synthesis was an important factor in the promotion of calcification.
In Vitro Activity of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Against Azole Resistant and Sensitive Candida Species and a Pilot Study of Cinnamon for Oral Candidiasis
Authors: Quale John M. , Landman David , Zaman Muhammed M. , Bumey Sibte , Sathe Sadhana S.
Published: November 2004

Fluconazole-resistant Candida species are an emerging problem. In this report, the in vitro activity of C. zeylanicum against fluconazole-resistant and -susceptible Candida isolates is described. The MICs of the bark of C. zeylanicum ranged from < 0.05-30 mg/ml, and were slightly better than commercially available cinnamon powder. Trans-cinnamaldehyde and O-methoxycinnamaldehyde had MICs of 0.03-0.5 mg/ml. The MICs of selected cinnamon candies and gums generally ranged from 25-100 mg/ml. Five patients with my infection and oral candidiasis received a commercially available cinnamon preparation for one week. Three of the five patients had improvement of their oral candidiasis. Clinical trials will be necessary to determine the usefulness of cinnamon for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis.
Effect of Transcutaneous Nerve Stimulation on Esophageal Function in Normal Subjects — Evidence for a Somatovisceral Reflex
Authors: Chang Full-Young , Chey William Y. , Ouyang Ann
Published: November 2004

Transcutaneous stimulation (TNS) at esophageal acupuncture points decreases lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressures in patients with achalasia. We examined the effect of TNS on esophageal motility and vasoactive intestinal peptide (YIP) levels in normal subjects. TNS was applied to either hand or foot (placebo) in 10 volunteers. Esophageal and LES pressures were recorded and blood was drawn for YIP analysis. Hand TNS improved LES relaxation and percent of peristaltic contractions to swallows, and decreased the number of spontaneous contractions. Foot TNS decreased only spontaneous contractions while LES pressures and YIP levels were unchanged. We conclude that a somatovisceral pathway involving the esophagus exists.
Effects of Guizhi-Fuling-Wan on Male Infertility with Varicocele
Authors: Ishikawa Hiromichi , Ohashi Masakazu , Rayakawa Kunihiro , Kaneko Satoru , Rata Makoto
Published: November 2004

Thirty-seven infertile patients with varicocele were treated with Guizhi-Fuling-Wan (7.5 g/day) for at least 3 months. Before and after the administration, semen qualities such as sperm concentration and motility were examined, and the varicocele was graded. A varicocele disappearance rate of 80% was obtained with 40 out of 50 varicocele, and improvement of sperm concentration and motility were found in 71.4% and 62.1% of patients, respectively. From these results, Guizhi-Fuling-Wan is considered to be effective for circulation disorders in varicocele as well as semen quality.
COSMIC STRINGS AND ROTATION VELOCITY OF SPIRAL GALAXIES
Authors: SATO HUMITAKA
Published: November 2004

Accretion of collisionless particles onto cosmic strings leads to the formation of galactic halos. The halo density is determined uniquely by the string-line density µ as ρ(r)=µr−2 where (size of string loop) <r<(Gµ)1/2 (horizon size). The rotation velocity of galactic spirals in such halos is given by υrot=(4Gµ)1/2, which requires a value of µ suggested by the unified theory as Gµ= 10−7.2×(υrot/250 km sec−1)2.
TWISTED CURRENT ALGEBRAS AND GAUGE SYMMETRY BREAKING IN STRING THEORY
Authors: GOVINDRAJAN T.R. , JAYRAMAN T. , MUKHERJEE AMITABH , WADIA SPENTA R.
Published: November 2004

The appearance of vorticity 01 twists in 2-dim. current algebra associated with a compact Lie group G can lead to the absence of some of the global symmetry generators of G and one expects the symmetry to be reduced to a smaller subgroup H of G. Contrary to expectations, all gauge bosons, including those of H become massive. This is because the zero point energy of the string is uniformly shifted upward affecting the masses of all particles by the same amount.
QUANTUM SPACE-TIME AND ESTIMATIONS ON THE VALUE OF THE FUNDAMENTAL LENGTH
Authors: DINEYKHAN M. , NAMSRAI Kh.
Published: November 2004

Generalizing the idea of quantum space-time to the quantum mechanical case we re-analyze low energy processes and consider the nuclear radii, the Lamb shift and hyperfine structure of the hydrogen atom. Calculations of the contributions to these measurements due to quantum space-time structure allow us to obtain estimates on the value of the fundamental length L. Among them, hyperfine structure gives the most stringent bound, L≤10−19 cm.
EFFECTS OF THE W-BOSON WIDTH IN e+e−→W+W− REACTIONS
Authors: MUTA T. , NAJIMA R. , WAKAIZUMI S.
Published: November 2004

The total cross section for the process e+e−→W+W− followed by subsequent W-boson decays is calculated in the tree approximation by taking proper account of the W-boson width. It is found that the cross section is considerably modified by the finite-width effect in the threshold region, thus affecting the precise determination of the W-boson mass by experimental data. The effect of higher-order corrections is also considered.
PROBING THE POMERON STRUCTURE WITH QUASI-REAL PHOTONS
Authors: ARTEAGA-ROMERO N. , KESSLER P. , SILVA J.
Published: November 2004

Following a recent suggestion of Ingelman and Schlein, we consider here the possibility of probing the gluonic structure of the pomeron with quasi-real photons, i.e., in reactions ep→ep+2 jets+X taking place at an ep collider such as HERA.
NEGATIVE BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION AND MULTIPLICITY DISTRIBUTIONS FOR e+e− AND $p\bar{p}$ COLLISIONS
Authors: CHEW C.K. , DATÉ S. , KIANG D.
Published: November 2004

The charged particle multiplicity distribution in [Formula: see text] collision is related to that of e+e− in a class of geometric models. The multiplicity distribution at a given impact parameter is taken to be a negative binomial distribution. The calculation agrees well with the experimental data.
NONRELATIVISTIC SUPERSYMMETRY AND LORENTZ INVARIANCE
Authors: SOKATCHEV E. , STOYANOV D.T.
Published: November 2004

A supersymmetric generalization of the Schrodinger equation invariant under the three-dimensional Euclidean group is proposed. The equations of motion for the physical scalar and spinor field components of the superfield wave functions are shown to be relativistically invariant. This allows Lorentz invariance to be considered a dynamical symmetry of a nonrelativistic supersymmetric problem.
ELECTROWEAK INTERACTIONS WITH DISTINCTLY GAUGED QUARK AND LEPTON HYPERCHARGES
Authors: RAJPOOT S.
Published: November 2004

The possibility that quarks and leptons have distinct hypercharge sources in nature is considered. This requires the gauge symmetry of electroweak interactions to be extended from SU (2)× U (1) to SU (2)× U (1)× U (1). Consistent with data on neutrino neutral currents and the measurement of forward-backward charge asymmetry in e+e−→μ+μ−, a second neutral boson exists that has mass either below or above the mass of the presently discovered neutral boson.
COINCIDING HARMONIC SINGULARITIES IN HARMONIC SUPERGRAPHS
Authors: GALPERIN A. , KY NGUYEN ANH , SOKATCHEV E.
Published: November 2004

The possibility of having coinciding harmonic singularities in harmonic supergraphs is investigated. It is shown that various safety mechanisms prevent harmonic divergencies from taking place.
ON RADIATIVELY INDUCED GAUGINO MASSES IN SUPERSTRING BASED LOW ENERGY SUPERGRAVITY
Authors: MAJUMDAR PARTHASARATHI
Published: November 2004

The gravitino contribution to the one loop gaugino self energy in low energy N=1 supergravity models derived from superstrings is considered. This contribution is shown to vanish when a supersymmetric regularization procedure is used. An identical conclusion is seen to hold for the contribution of the fermionic component of the gauge singlet chiral supermultiplet that arises out of gaugino condensation in the Hidden (‘shadow’) sector. Implications for supersymmetry breaking in the observable sector of superstring theories are briefly discussed.
BOUND ON THE NEUTRINO CHARGE RADIUS FROM PRIMORDIAL NUCLEOSYNTHESIS
Authors: GRIFOLS J.A. , MASSÓ E.
Published: November 2004

From the observational data on nucleosynthetic yields of 4 He we derive a constraint on the neutrino charge radius. We obtain the upper limit <7×10−33 cm 2. This is various orders of magnitude better than the bounds obtained from neutrino luminosity of the sun and white dwarfs.
A QUANTUM MECHANICAL DESCRIPTION OF COMPOSED PARTICLES INTERACTION AND THE SWELLING OF NUCLEONS IN NUCLEI
Authors: MUZAFAROV V.M.
Published: November 2004

For describing quantum mechanical interaction of composed particles we have proposed a new approach founded on a minimal generalization of conception of the potential type interaction. The elastic electron scattering from the deuteron is considered in an illustrative example. It is shown for this case that a self-concerted interpretation of our results within the framework of the conventional potential theory is accompanied by the effective swelling of nucleons in the deuteron, with the increase of the isoscalar nucleon charge radius by ε≤2%.
LORENTZ NONINVARIANCE WITHOUT TACHYONS IN THE SCHWARZSCHILD FIELD
Authors: GASPERINI M. , TARTAGLIA A.
Published: November 2004

Considering the radial motion of a test particle in the Schwarzschild field in the hypothesis of local rotational invariance, we discuss the conditions to be satisfied by a physically acceptable model of broken SO(3, 1) symmetry, and we show in particular that to preserve causality a breaking, even infinitesimal, makes necessarily impenetrable the interior of the Schwarzschild sphere.
ELECTROWEAK PRODUCTION OF BARYON ASYMMETRY AND UPPER BOUNDS ON THE HIGGS AND TOP MASSES
Authors: BOCHKAREV A.I. , SHAPOSHNIKOV M.E.
Published: November 2004

We determine the upper bound on the Higgs boson mass from the condition that baryon asymmetry produced during the electroweak phase transition should not be diluted by the anomalous electroweak baryon number non-conserving processes. The value is insensitive to the mass of t-quark and equal to 45 GeV, slightly depending on the magnitute of the preexponential factor in the rate of the B non-conservation. This gives also upper bound on the top quark mass mt<80 GeV .
TOWARDS A RELATIVISTIC SELFCONSISTENT QUANTUM TRANSPORT THEORY OF HADRONIC MATTER
Authors: ELZE H.-TH. , GYULASSY M. , VASAK D. , HEINZ HANNELORE , STÖCKER H. , GREINER W.
Published: November 2004

We derive the relativistic quantum transport- and constraint equations for a relativistic field theory of baryons coupled to scalar and vector mesons. We extract a selfconsistent momentum dependent Vlasov term and the structure of quantum corrections for the Vlasov-Uehling-Uhlenbeck approach. The inclusion of pions and deltas into this transport theory is discussed.
LOOP COMPUTATIONS USING ANALYTIC STOCHASTIC REGULARIZATION
Authors: ABDALLA E. , GOMES M. , ABDALLA M. C. B. , LIMA-SANTOS A.
Published: November 2004

We use analytic stochastic regularization to perform loop computations in QCD, displaying the counterterm structure, and compare it to dimensionally regularized amplitudes.
LIMITS ON NEW FERMIONS FROM $p\bar p$ COLLIDER DATA
Authors: RIZZO THOMAS G.
Published: November 2004

Recent data from the UA2 Collaboration is used to place new limits on the top quark mass as well as hypothetical new fermions such as additional light neutrinos, a fourth generation charged lepton L, a fourth generation [Formula: see text] down-type quark b′, as well as the [Formula: see text] isosinglet E6 exotic quark D.
THE GENERALIZED ANOMALY AND EFFECTIVE ACTION IN THE CHIRAL SCHWINGER MODEL
Authors: YI S. H. , PARK D. K. , CHO B. H.
Published: November 2004

The one-parameter class of the non-minimal anomaly and effective action are derived by the path integral method using the one-parameter family of the Euclidean regularization operator in the Chiral Schwinger model. We show that the regularization dependence is related to the choice of the chiral operator in the calculation of the non-vanishing Jacobian.
A POSSIBLE SOLUTION TO THE E/ι PUZZLE
Authors: CALDWELL DAVID O.
Published: November 2004

Apparent experimental conflict in the 1.4 GeV mass region for non-strange mesons can be resolved if there are three states: the 1.45 GeV ι, which is mainly gluonium; a 1.42 GeV 0− predominantly [Formula: see text] state, probably the missing η′ in the radially excited nonet; and a 1.42 GeV 1+ mainly light-quark state, which does not fit in the 1++ nonet. The third of these appears to be a possible candidate for a four-quark meson.
THE CHIRAL AND GAUGE ANOMALIES IN THE SUPERSYMMETRIC SCHWINGER MODEL
Authors: SMAILAGIĆ A. , HELAYËL–NETO J. A.
Published: November 2004

Using supergraph methods, the chiral and gauge anomalies are calculated for the supersymmetric Schwinger model. We determine their dependence on a parameter reflecting the arbitrariness on the choice of regularization scheme and show that they do not sit in the same supermultiplet, but rather in two distinct ones. Contrary to the ordinary Schwinger model, the anomalies do not generate any mass term.
$p\bar p\to W^\pm \gamma X$ AS A TEST OF THE QUARK CHARGES
Authors: GODBOLE R. M. , SMITH J. , VAN NEERVEN W. L. , VERMASEREN J. A. M.
Published: November 2004

We examine the recent suggestion that radiation zeroes can be used to test the difference between fractional and integer-charged quarks. Since the amplitude zeroes for fractionally-charged quarks are altered by the effect of higher order QCD corrections we find that the test is likely to be difficult.
QUANTUM EFFECTS NEAR SPACETIME SINGULARITIES
Authors: JOSHI PANKAJ S. , JOSHI SONAL S.
Published: November 2004

We incorporate quantum effects into the gravitational dynamics in the vicinity of singularity in the case of three important general relativistic spacetimes, namely the spherically symmetric dust-ball collapse, standard Friedmann models and a general cosmological scenario given by Belinskii et al. The quantum state of the universe is represented by a general wave function where the conformal degree of freedom is quantised. It is seen in each case that the spread around the classical state diverges in the limit of approach to the classically singular epoch. Thus, non-classical, non-singular states can occur with finite probability. Our results show that including quantum effects radically changes the usual singularity scenario.
ANOMALY FREE SUGRA AND THE R4 SUPERSTRING TERM
Authors: LECHNER K. , PASTI P. , TONIN M.
Published: November 2004

The superspace formulation of ten dimensional anomaly free SUGRA-SYM models is revisited. In particular we point out a possible freedom in the curvature constraints and in the solution of the Bianchi identities. We suggest that this freedom allows to extend these models to include the term quartic in the Lorentz curvature which arises in superstring calculations.
STrM2 SUM RULE FOR A GENERAL CLASS OF KÄHLER POTENTIALS
Authors: CHANG NGEE-PONG , LEÓN JUAN , MERCADER JUAN PÉREZ
Published: November 2004

We study the sum rule for the mass squared of the N = 1 four dimensional effective supersymmetric theory whose Kähler potential is of the general form that appears in compactified superstrings. We take full account of the non-minimal nature of the models. We discuss the conditions under which one can have both a vanishing cosmological constant and a zero STr M2.
SUPER POINCARÉ GROUPS AND DIVISION ALGEBRAS
Authors: GÜRSEY FEZA
Published: November 2004

The Super Poincaré Groups in d = 3, 4, 6 and 10 are represented by graded matrices over the four division algebras. It is shown that classical superstring actions can be written in the same dimensions in terms of the supergroup elements. Possible applications are discussed.
ON THE QUANTIZATION OF A THEORY WITH GLOBAL GAUGE ANOMALIES
Authors: PERCACCI ROBERTO
Published: November 2004

It is shown that the Faddeev-Shatashvili approach to the quantization of anomalous gauge theories can be extended to the case of global gauge anomalies.
THE SUPERBRANCH POINTS AND TWO-LOOP CORRECTION IN THE HETEROTIC STRING THEORY
Authors: Bershadsky M.
Published: November 2004

In this paper we discuss the notion of superbranch point. The conformal field simulating the superbranch point is constructed. Using this field we construct the two-loop correction in the heterotic string theories (for the theories with gauge groups SO (32) and E8×E8). The contribution from different spin structures cancel each other but only up to the total derivative over the moduli space.
FOUR-DIMENSIONAL U(1) AND GAUGE ANOMALIES IN THE THEORY WITH MIXING INTERACTIONS
Authors: NAGAHAMA Y. , OJIMA S. , SAKAI K.
Published: November 2004

We study the four-dimensional U(1) and gauge anomalies by Fujikawa method in the presence of the interactions which mix the Rarita-Schwinger field with the Weyl fermion. We obtain a nonvanishing contribution from these interactions in the case of U(1) anomaly, while there arises no anomalous term in the case of the gauge anomaly.
COHERENT PRODUCTION OF PARTICLES IN INTERACTIONS OF 800 GEV PROTONS WITH EMULSION NUCLEI
Authors: Abduzhamilov A. , Abduzhamilov Sh. , Barbier L. , Chernova L. , Chernyavski M. M. , Gadzhieva S. I. , Gulamov K. G. , Holynski R. , Jones W. V. , Lukicheva N. S. , Navotny V. Sh. , Orlova G. I. , Saidkhanov N. , Salmanova N. A. , Svechnikova L. N. , Tretyakova M. I. , Wolter W. , Wosiek B. , Wozniak K.
Published: November 2004

The experimental data on total and topological cross sections for coherent diffractive dissociation of 800 GeV protons on emulsion nuclei are presented. The energy dependence of basic characteristics of these reactions is discussed.
P-LOOP VACUUM AMPLITUDE IN THE OPEN BOSONIC STRING THEORY
Authors: VAISBURD I.D.
Published: November 2004

P-loop open string amplitude is constructed as the integral over the real section of the moduli space. The modular group of the open string is presented.
SOME PHYSICAL APPLICATIONS OF THE HEAT KERNEL EXPANSION
Authors: COGNOLA GUIDO , ZERBINI SERGIO
Published: November 2004

A systematic analysis of anomalies, for Dirac fermions in external gravitational fields with nonvanishing torsion, is performed using a method based on Euclidean path integral, zeta function regularization and heat kernel expansion. Many known results are recovered and some new ones have been found.
CP-VIOLATION IN A LEFT-RIGHT SYMMETRIC HORIZONTAL FLAVOUR CHIRAL MODEL
Authors: BANDYOPADHYAY KRISHNANATH , RAY ASIM K. , RAYCHAUDHURI AMITAVA
Published: November 2004

A horizontal symmetric [Formula: see text] model is studied in the light of spontaneous CP-violation. The left- and right-handed Kobayashi-Maskawa matrices are real and the CP-nonconservation occurs through horizontal gauge boson exchange. To be in accord with experiment, the relative phase between two Higgs vacuum expectation values must be rather small.
CONFORMAL INVARIANCE IN PERTURBATIVE QED
Authors: ZAIKOV R. P.
Published: November 2004

A special kind of spontaneous breaking of the conformal symmetry assuming a transition from one irreducible representation of the dilatation subgroup to another nondecomposable representation of the same subgroup is considered. It is shown that the latter representation is a symmetry of each term of the perturbative series. The Ward identity and the Schwinger-Dyson equations are discussed.
ELASTIC WEAK P-P ASYMMETRY AND SHORT RANGE INTERACTIONS
Authors: KISSLINGER LEONARD S.
Published: November 2004

The energy dependence of the low-energy weak elastic proton-proton asymmetry in the Hybrid Quark Hadron model is opposite to that in conventional hadronic models. This can provide a test for quark cluster vs conventional models of short-range nuclear structure and reactions.
$B_s^0 \ndash - \bar B_s^0 $ MIXING IN THE FOUR GENERATION STANDARD MODEL
Authors: HEWETT JOANNE L. , RIZZO THOMAS G.
Published: November 2004

We examine the constraints imposed by recent data on [Formula: see text] mixing, ε′/ε, and |Vub|/|Vcb| on the size of [Formula: see text] mixing in the four generation standard model (SM). We show that, unlike the SM with only three generations, [Formula: see text] mixing need not be maximal in the four generation case. In particular, we show that it is quite likely that [Formula: see text] mixing is smaller than [Formula: see text] mixing.
LATTICES GENERATED BY DISCRETE JORDAN ALGEBRAS
Authors: GÜRSEY FEZA
Published: November 2004

The discrete Jordan Algebras of 1×1, 2×2 and 3×3 hermitian matrices over integer elements of the four division algebras are considered. They are transformed under discrete subgroups of groups associated with the magic square. Points corresponding to a discrete Jordan matrix belong to a lattice generated by Weyl reflections that are expressed by means of Jacobson’s triple product. Special cases include the O(32), E8×E8 and E10 lattices that occur in superstring theories.
COVARIANTIZED CLOSED STRING FIELDS FROM LIGHT-CONE
Authors: YE CHANG-YUAN
Published: November 2004

Starting from an off-shell interacting Lorentz algebra for closed string fields, the procedure of covariantisation, truncation and rescaling by string length gives a BRST operator equivalent to that of the Kyoto group.
ON THE UNIQUE EFFECTIVE ACTION IN FIELD THEORY
Authors: LAVROV P.M. , ODINTSOV S.D. , TYUTIN I.V.
Published: November 2004

The unique effective action recently suggested by Vilkovisky should be considered as an alternative to the standard effective action in field theory.
ENERGY AND MULTIPLICITY DEPENDENCE OF FRAGMENT FLOW IN HIGH ENERGY NUCLEAR COLLISIONS
Authors: GUSTAFSSON H.Å. , GUTBROD H.H. , HARRIS J. , JACAK B.V. , KAMPERT K.H. , KOLB B. , POSKANZER A.M. , RITTER H.G. , SCHMIDT H.R.
Published: November 2004

Collective flow of light particles (Z=1,2) is measured as a function of multiplicity and beam energy for collisions of Ca+Ca , Nb+Nb and Au+Au with the Plastic Ball detector at the Berkeley Bevalac. In particular, the reaction 200 MeV per nucleon Au+Au is studied to provide information on the flow of intermediate mass fragments (2<Z<10). The largest directed flow reached in semi-central collisions is found to increase with bombarding energy, projectile-target mass, and with fragment mass.
IS THE f0 (1590) THE 0++ SCALAR GLUEBALL?
Authors: SLAUGHTER MILTON DEAN
Published: November 2004

In a nonperturbative, algebraic approach to QCD, we present arguments which strongly indicate that the f0(1590) is not the 0++ scalar glueball. Specifically, we compute the branching ratio quantities BR (G→ηη′)/ BR (G→ηη), [Formula: see text], and BR (G→π0π0)/ BR (G→ηη) as functions of only one coupling ratio r≡/, where G ≡ pure or physical scalar glueball, and demonstrate that for no value of r are the experimental data for f0(1590) obtained.
ON THE NEUTRINO EMISSIVITY OF DEGENERATE STRANGE QUARK MATTER
Authors: DATTA BHASKAR , RAHA SIBAJI , SINHA BIKASH
Published: November 2004

We examine the neutrino emissivity of a system of degenerate three-component (u, d, s) strange quark matter using improved expressions for the quark chemical potentials in a self-consistent manner, and obtain tighter bounds on the neutrino emissivity due to the presence of strange quarks.
SUBTHRESHOLD KAON- AND PION PRODUCTION IN HEAVY ION COLLISIONS: SIMILARITIFS AND DIFFERENCES
Authors: SCHÜRMANN BERND , ZWERMANN WINFRIED
Published: November 2004

Particle inclusive yields from heavy ion reactions are described by a closed form expression which is not limited to a particular type of particle as long as this is produced in individual baryon-baryon encounters with a small probability. This criterion is satisfied for subthreshold pion and kaon production on which we concentrate. Even though the elementary pion and kaon production cross sections can both be described well by three-particle phase space considerations, the final inclusive production rates differ qualitatively from one another. The reasons for this are discussed.
GENERALIZED SUPERSYMMETRY ON RIEMANN SURFACES AND THE ASSOCIATED STRING MODELS
Authors: NAKANISHI TOMOKI
Published: November 2004

We propose a generalization of the concept of supersymmetry on Riemann surfaces. Generators of this symmetry intermix M fields of different spin. Two types of statistics, i.e., bosonic and fermionic statistics, are allowed for parameters of infinitesimal transformations. We also study the possibility of string models associated with these symmetries. The algebraic structure of a part of generalized supersymmetry is regarded as a sort of an M-th root of the Virasoro algebra.
CAN SST-II CONTAIN THE STANDARD MODEL?
Authors: KATO MITSUHIRO , KOIKAWA TAKAO , HATSUDA MACHIKO TATEWAKI
Published: November 2004

The answer to the title is ‘NO’. We investigate the low energy particle spectra of type-II superstring theory after compactification to 4 dimensional space-time by means of the super Kac-Moody algebra as well as the twisted super Kac-Moody algebra. We will show that there is no solution containing all of the particle contents in the standard model.
SUPERSYMMETRY AT FINITE TEMPERATURE — A THERMO FIELD DYNAMICS APPROACH
Authors: ROY PINAKI , ROYCHOUDHURY RAJKUMAR
Published: November 2004

Using thermo field dynamics, we investigate the symmetry behavior at finite temperature in an exactly solvable supersymmetric quantum mechanical model.
EVIDENCE FOR THE FOURTH GENERATION?
Authors: RAJPOOT S. , SAMUEL M.A.
Published: November 2004

In a recent experiment, the measured lifetime of the tau lepton suggests that the e-µ universality may not hold in the case of the third-generation leptons. It is shown here that the universality of weak interactions can be restored by invoking the existence of a fourth generation of quarks and leptons, and by mixing the τ-lepton with the charged lepton of the fourth generation by a Cabibbo-like mixing angle. Agreement between the experimentally measured lifetime and the theoretical value as predicted by the standard SU (2) L × U (1) model on the basis of universality of weak interactions requires the cosine of the Cabbibo-like mixing angle (ϕ) to be | cos ϕ|=0.96±0.02.
EVIDENCE FOR SO(6) ⊗ SO(6) STRUCTURE IN NUCLEI
Authors: KIM CHANG-HO , KIM KEE YONG , KIM YONGDUK , CHA MOON HOE , PARK YOUNG-JAI
Published: November 2004

We study odd-A nuclei by imposing SO (6) ⊗ SO (6) symmetry. Spinor representations constitute bases for bosonic states in contrast to interacting boson-fermion model. Low-lying energy spectra of gold isotopes are analyzed in this model. The agreement between calculated and experimental level spectra is found to be satisfactory.
11-DIMENSIONAL SPACE-TIME AND SO(32) STRING THEORY
Authors: KARADAYI H.R.
Published: November 2004

By studying the first 6 levels, it is shown that SO(10) begins to survive to be the little group of space-time at higher levels of the L-sector in SO(32) string theory. This shows us that there is an interrelation between SO(32) gauge symmetry and 11-dimensional space-time.
QUASI-DEUTERON MECHANISM IN ANTINUCLEON ANNIHILATION ON NUCLEI
Authors: MURGIA F. , QUARATI P.
Published: November 2004

We have used a quasi-deuteron model to calculate antinucleon annihilation cross sections on nuclei. Our model fits the existing data for different nuclei from 12 C to 63 Cu at p Lab > 400 MeV /c. We have deduced that the interaction distance between the two nucleons participating in the annihilation process is about 0.8 fm; this small value indicates that the annihilation, at p Lab > 400 MeV /c, could involve the incoming antinucleon and a six-quark bag.
THE BOUNDARY AND CROSSCAP STATES IN CONFORMAL FIELD THEORIES
Authors: ISHIBASHI NOBUYUKI
Published: November 2004

A method to obtain the boundary states and the crosscap states explicitly in various conformal field theories, is presented. This makes it possible to construct and analyse open string theories in several closed string backgrounds. We discuss the construction of such theories in the case of the backgrounds corresponding to the conformal field theories with SU(2) current algebra symmetry.
DIMENSIONAL REDUCTION OF SYMMETRIC HIGHER SPIN ACTIONS II: FERMIONS
Authors: RINDANI S. D. , SAHDEV D. , SIVAKUMAR M.
Published: November 2004

Massive higher spin fermionic actions are studied by dimensionally reducing the corresponding massless, gauge-invariant actions in one higher dimension. Auxiliary fields are identified and the higher-spin Higgs effect is discussed.
NUCLEAR SHELL STRUCTURE AND CLUSTERED QUARK MATTER
Authors: BI PIN-ZHEN , SHI ZHU-PEI
Published: November 2004

We show that some nuclear shell structure effects may appear if the nucleus is viewed as a drop of clustered quark matter.
ON SIGMA MODEL FORMULATION OF GREEN-SCHWARZ SUPERSTRING
Authors: ISAEV A. , IVANOV E.
Published: November 2004

The Green-Schwarz covariant superstring action is consistently deduced as the action of the Wess-Zumino-Witten σ-model defined on the direct product of two N = 1, D = 10 Poincaré supertranslation groups. N = 2 supersymmetry of the action is shown to be related to a specific choice of the target manifold. We propose a zero curvature representation for the GS superstring field equations and interpret the local fermionic supersymmetry of the GS action as a guage symmetry preserving this representation.
NON-ARCHIMEDEAN STRING ACTION AND BRUHAT-TITS TREES
Authors: ZABRODIN A.
Published: November 2004

It is shown that the Bruhat-Tits tree for p-adic linear group GL(2) is a natural non-archimedean analog of the open string world sheet. A boundary of the tree can be identified with the field of p-adic numbers. We construct a lattice quantum field theory on the Bruhat-Tits tree with a simple local Lagrangian and show that it leads to Freund-Olson amplitudes for emission processes of the particle states from the boundary.
BELAVIN-KNIZHNIK FORMULA FOR OPEN BOSONIC STRING
Authors: ARDALAN F. , ARFAEI H. , SHAFII-DEHABAD A.
Published: November 2004

We derive the analog of Belavin-Knizhnik formula for both orientable and nonorientable open bosonic strings. At the order 2g of perturbation theory, the open string partition function is given for orientable and non-orientable topologies as an integral over a subvariety of the moduli space of genus g Riemann surfaces. The integrand is the modulus of the holomorphic function of Belavin and Knizhnik multipied by ( det Im T)−13 where T is obtained from the period matrix.
GEOMETRIC QUANTIZATION AND FIELD THEORIES — THE CHIRAL ANOMALY EXAMPLE
Authors: SCHALLER P. , SCHWARZ G.
Published: November 2004

In the framework of geometric quantization, the chiral U(1) symmetry of a non-abelian gauge theory is considered. The chiral anomaly is computed from half form contribution of the quantum operator.
SUPERSPACE FORMULATION OF STOCHASTIC BACKGROUND FIELD METHOD
Authors: NAKAZAWA NAOHITO
Published: November 2004

We formulate the background field method for a nonlinear σ-model in stochastic quantization based on the superspace formulation. In addition to the general covariance, the BRS invariance of the system is manifestly maintained in our formulation.
CRITICAL LINE AND BETHE-SALPETER EQUATION IN STRONG-COUPLING QED WITH FOUR-FERMION INTERACTIONS
Authors: INOUE M. , MUTA T. , OCHIUMI T.
Published: November 2004

On the basis of Bethe-Salpeter equations for electron-positron bound states in strong-coupling quantum electrodynamics with additional four-fermion interactions, the formula for the critical line dividing the chiral-symmetry-breaking phase from the symmetric phase is derived. The beta functions near the critical line are calculated explicitly and the phase structure is discussed based on these beta functions.
SUPERALGEBRAS WITH FERMIONIC GENERATORS OTHER THAN SPIN-1/2
Authors: PILOT CHRISTOPHER , RAJPOOT SUBHASH
Published: November 2004

The possibility of constructing graded Lie algebras of higher spin fermionic generators is entertained. The super Poincare algebra of the generators belonging to the (1, 1/2)+(1/2, 1) representation of the Lorentz group is constructed. The closure of the algebra is demonstrated.
THE DIRAC EQUATION ON THE QUATERNION FIELD
Authors: ROTELLI P.
Published: November 2004

We develop a relativistic free wave equation on the quaternions, linear in the derivatives. Even if the wave function is only two-component, we show that there exists four complex-independent solutions corresponding to those of the Dirac Equation.
SOME SPECIAL POINTS IN THE MODULI SPACE OF c=N CONFORMAL FIELD THEORY
Authors: CHANG DARWIN , KUMAR ALOK
Published: November 2004

We point out a generalized Frenkel-Kac point for the c=N conformal field theories in fermion language. The critical value, [Formula: see text], of the modular parameter for the c=1 case is generalized to [Formula: see text] for c=N, where R is a parameter in the moduli space which can be used to continuously deform a conformal field theory with SO (2N)L× SO (2N)R Kac-Moody symmetry to one with SU (N+1)L× SU (N+1)R symmetry. Similar deformation from [Formula: see text] to SO (N+1)L×SO(N+1)R is also shown to occur at [Formula: see text].
INVARIANTS OF LINKS AND CRITICAL POINTS OF THE CHERN-SIMON PATH INTEGRALS
Authors: SMOLIN LEE
Published: November 2004

A method is given for evaluating the functional integrals of Chern-Simon field theories to first nontrivial order. The basis of this method is a background independent regularization which allows the factors associated with twists of the framing of loops to be computed. To first order, Witten’s result connecting the Jones polynomial to expectation values of the Chern-Simon theory is reproduced.

Additionally, a method for constructing solutions to the classical field equations of the theory is described, and it is shown that a static solution to Einstein’s equations (in Ashtekar’s form) may be associated with every such solution.
IMPROVED PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS AND W, Z PRODUCTION AT $p\bar{p}$ COLLIDERS
Authors: MARTIN A.D. , ROBERTS R.G. , STIRLING W.J.
Published: November 2004

We obtain improved parton distributions from a structure function analysis which includes new data on deep inelastic scattering and on dilepton production. These lead to improved predictions for σ(W)/σ(Z), which when combined with the forthcoming data from [Formula: see text] colliders, will give tighter constraints on the values of mt and Ny. We emphasize how new measurements of the W± charge asymmetry may resolve the EMC — BCDMS F2 discrepancy and hence sharpen the prediction for σ(W)/σ(Z) even further.
A NOTE ON MULTILOOP CALCULUS IN P-ADIC STRING THEORY
Authors: CHEKHOV L.
Published: November 2004

The technique for finding correlation functions on homogeneous spaces of PGL(ℚp) groups (factorized Bruhat-Tits trees Tp/ΓN with finite number of cycles) is presented. It was shown in Refs. 5 and 6 that the homogeneous spaces Tp/ΓN are in fact the multiloop world sheets in p-adic string theory.
CHIRAL SUPERSTRING AMPLITUDES AND THE GSO PROJECTION
Authors: D’HOKER ERIC , PHONG D.H.
Published: November 2004

Chirally symmetric amplitudes for the scattering of bosonic massless particles at fixed spin structures are shown to split into the absolute values squared of a chiral amplitude at fixed internal momenta. Chiral amplitudes are holomorphic in supermoduli and chiral polarization tensors, meromorphic in vertex operators insertion points. They may be recast in terms of intrinsic complex supergeometric objects. Amplitudes of opposite chirality may be endowed with independent spin structures so that the GSO projection can be enforced to construct the superstring.
FERMIONIC STATES IN (2+1) TOPOLOGICAL THEORY
Authors: KHLEBNIKOV S.YU.
Published: November 2004

The external point charge in (2+1) abelian topological theory creates the field with fractional moment of rotation. We discuss quantization of the moment and spin-statistics connection.
CURRENT ALGEBRA OF A NON-COMPACT COSET MODEL
Authors: HABA Z.
Published: November 2004

We discuss a σ-model, which is a reduction of an [Formula: see text] Wess-Zumino-Witten model to the coset [Formula: see text]. We show that Noether currents resulting from the [Formula: see text] symmetry are holomorphic in the classical as well as quantized model. The energy-momentum tensor is a sum of squares of the Noether currents. The generating functional for correlation functions of currents is computed.
NOVEL TOPOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE O(3) NONLINEAR SIGMA MODEL IN 2+1 DIMENSIONS
Authors: GOVINDARAJAN T.R. , SHANKAR R.
Published: November 2004

We investigate the configuration space topology of the O(3) nonlinear sigma model in 2+1 dimensions, when the fields satisfy periodic boundary conditions. We show the fundamental group of the configuration space to be nonabelian. We associate three integer invariants to each homotopic class of paths, one of which is related to the Hopf invariant. We find that consistent quantization requires the coefficient of the Hopf term in the action to be 0 to π.
TOP-QUARK SIGNATURES AT THE TEVATRON COLLIDER
Authors: HALZEN F. , KIM C.S. , MARTIN A.D.
Published: November 2004

We compare the “isolated lepton+3 jet” and “eµ” signatures of [Formula: see text] production at the Tevatron [Formula: see text] collider, paying particular attention to the possible backgrounds. We conclude that the definitive identification of a top quark in the mass range mt≳Mw will be difficult and will require large luminosity, typically L>1pb−1; it will be necessary to identify eµ events with large missing energy, as well as the more numerous lepton+3 jet events.