bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Volunteer Teachers in Public Schools in The Djiri School District: Problems and Perspectives
Authors: Perpétue Okoua Béatrice , Yolande Thibault-Mpolo , Symplice Mahoungou Moumbouilou Eloge , Azzahra Adelia
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to understand why volunteer teachers from the Djiri inspectorate stopped classes at the end of each month. The objectives were to describe the experiences and financial impact on volunteer teachers, analyze the behavior of parents in fulfilling their contractual obligations with these teachers, and report on the contribution of volunteer teachers to children's education. The research involved 13 volunteer teachers, 28 educational supervisors, and 23 parents. Data were collected through interviews. All respondents indicated that the discontinuation of classes was due to non-payment of subsistence allowances by parents. To address this issue, it is recommended that parents honor their financial commitments to ensure continuous and quality education for their children.
Digital Competitiveness and Economic Resilience
Authors: Santoso Feliks Y. E. , Samputra Palupi Lindiasari , Daryanto Eko
Published: July 2024

In the era of rapid digital transformation, understanding digital competitiveness becomes crucial for assessing a country's economic resilience. This study contributes to existing literature by systematically reviewing the impact of digital competitiveness on economic resilience, emphasizing dimensions such as knowledge, technology, and future readiness. By analyzing 58 selected articles from leading academic databases like Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science published between 2019 and 2024, this research identifies significant positive correlations between these factors and economic resilience. Practical implications of the findings suggest the necessity of enhancing digital infrastructure, cultivating digital talent through education, and fostering a collaborative digital ecosystem to stimulate innovation across sectors. These recommendations aim to fortify national economies against global uncertainties through strategic digital investments and advancements.
Increasing Digital Transformation Readiness in Small and Medium Apparel Enterprises Through Maturity Model Evaluation
Authors: Mardhiyah Latifa , Pratama Novandra Rhezza
Published: July 2024

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a pivotal role in the Indonesian economy, contributing significantly to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employment. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has diminished SMEs' GDP contribution. Digital transformation emerges as a crucial solution amidst these challenges. While many SMEs have adopted digitalization, they face obstacles such as product marketing, access to capital, raw material supplies, and effective application of digital technologies. Nevertheless, digitalization presents opportunities to enhance efficiency and expand global market access via the Internet in Indonesia. This study utilizes the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to formulate a digital transformation strategy, focusing specifically on optimizing internal business processes within apparel SMEs. Key findings from the AHP analysis highlight the critical importance of integrated production management systems, document scanning and digitization, customer data analysis, and basic digital skills training. These findings underpin strategic recommendations aimed at enhancing efficiency, productivity, and adaptability through technology adoption, employee training, and organizational restructuring. The strategy outlines short-term (6-12 months) and long-term (5 years) goals to guide SMEs toward achieving advanced digital transformation maturity. By prioritizing internal business processes, these initiatives aim to propel SMEs in the apparel sector towards greater success in the digital era.
Analisis Kinerja Simpang Tak Bersinyal
Authors: Putra Hutama Vigie Priantika , Kusmaryono Ismono
Published: July 2024

Perkembangan transportasi di Indonesia berdampak pada meningkatnya pergerakan manusia, barang, dan jasa. Bertambahnya jumlah kendaraan yang tidak diimbangi oleh prasarana akan menimbulkan konflik pada jalan khususnya di persimpangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kinerja simpang tak bersinyal di Jalan Raya Al Falah Cikaret. Persimpangan ini merupakan kawasan komersial, permukiman, dan pendidikan sehingga sering terjadi konflik lalu lintas. Metode pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui survey di lapangan dan parameternya meliputi kondisi geometrik, kondisi lingkungan, dan kondisi lalu lintas. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan alat bantu berupa formulir survey, alat tulis, jam, dan alat ukur. Dari hasil penelitian, kapasitas simpang ini sebesar 2137,01 smp/jam pada pagi hari dengan nilai derajat kejenuhan (DS) sebesar 1,14 dan 2327,85 smp/jam pada sore hari dengan nilai derajat kejenuhan (DS) 1,22 yang artinya kinerja simpang tidak baik. Upaya meningkatkan kinerja simpang, dilakukan permodelan alternatif perbaikan yaitu merubah kondisi geometrik dan menurunkan nilai hambatan samping dengan asumsi dapat melakukan pembebasan lahan. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan kapasitas simpang berubah menjadi 6224,97 smp/jam di pagi hari dan 5623,35 smp/jam di sore hari. Selain itu alternatif perbaikan ini menghasilkan nilai derajat kejenuhan (DS) sebesar 0,39 dengan tundaan (D) 7,85 det/smp pada pagi hari dan nilai derajat kejenuhan (DS) sebesar 0,51 dengan tundaan (D) 8,55 det/smp yang artinya alternatif perbaikan dapat memperbaiki kinerja simpang.
Prevalência das complicações cardiovasculares nos indivíduos com anemia falciforme e outras hemoglobinopatias: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Bolzan Ana Paula Quadros , Belchior Giullyana Florentina , Maeda Giovana Micelli , Cunha Palloma de Queirós
Published: July 2024

Introdução: As doenças cardiovasculares correspondem à principal causa de mortalidade em pacientes portadores de anemia falciforme, a hemoglobinopatia de maior prevalência entre a população. Alterações na fisiopatologia dessa doença através de uma disfunção endotelial, potencializado pelo estado de inflamação sistêmica crônica e um estado de hipercoagulabilidade, ocasionando a vasculopatia macroscópica é a chave para a compreensão das doenças cardíacas permanecerem sendo a principal causa de mortalidade em paciente falcêmicos. Objetivo: O presente artigo tem como objetivo uma revisão de literatura sobre a prevalência das complicações cardiovasculares em pacientes portadores de anemia falciforme. Materiais, sujeitos e métodos: Para a elaboração deste artigo foram consultados artigos científicos e de revisão publicados e referenciados no Uptodate, National Library of Medicine, Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, entre o ano de 2022 e dezembro de 2023, e o Manual de Diagnóstico e tratamento de doenças falciformes publicado pela Agência Nacional de Saúde, no ano de 2002. Resultados e discussão: As complicações cardiovasculares estão presentes em grande parte dos pacientes com anemia crônica, provavelmente devido a fisiopatologia dessa doença. Entretanto, há uma maior prevalência dessa condição na população com Anemia Falciforme, sendo a doença cardiovascular, a principal causa de morte nos pacientes portadores dessa anemia. Dessa forma, o ecocardiograma possui um importante papel para a identificação precoce das alterações cardíacas nesses pacientes, como muitos dos dados funcionais e estruturais, obtidos nos estudos analisados, foram coletados a partir desse exame. Considerações Finais: Portanto, com base nos estudos analisados, pacientes portadores de anemia falciforme apresentam um risco aumentado para complicações cardiovasculares. Assim, o acompanhamento precoce e frequente  do sistema cardíaco nesse grupo de pacientes se torna benéfico para a redução da morbimortalidade.
Analgesia peridural em pacientes obstétricas obesas: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Rodrigues Gabrielle da Cunha , Leite Ana Paula Teixeira , Fadoni Gabriel Augusto , Costa Mikaelly de Arêa Leão Silveira
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A obesidade é uma doença prevalente e de importante dimensão na saúde pública atualmente. A gestante, já possui reservas limitadas devidos alterações fisiológicas metabólicas e hormonais. A analgesia tem se tornado cada vez mais frequente na realidade da gestante com IMC > 30kg/m². A frequência vem aumentando devido a série de consequências que podem ser maléficas tanto para mãe quanto para o feto. O método de analgesia peridural apresenta-se mais eficiente na gestante com obesidade mórbida. É uma técnica que já é muito utilizada no trabalho de parto para controle de dor, promovendo bem-estar, mas também menor repercussão hemodinâmica durante o parto para gestante e o feto. A necessidade de baixa dosagem de medicações, a potência no efeito de analgesia e a baixa complexidade do procedimento são pontos positivos. É importante a vantagem de uso pós-operatório do cateter para realização de analgesia. O desejo da mãe para realizar o método já é o suficiente. Materiais, sujeitos e métodos: Para a elaboração deste artigo de revisão foram consultados artigos científicos e artigos de revisão publicados e referenciados na Medline/PubMED, SciELO e Cochrane entre 2008 e 2022. Resultados e discussão: Foi demonstrado grande vantagem fisiológica e analgésica em relação ao bloqueio peridural na gestante com IMC >30kg/m². Considerações finais: Esse trabalho tem como objetivo destrinchar a importância da analgesia peridural na paciente gestante e obesa, suas consequências e vantagens no âmbito de qualidade de trabalho de parto.
Influência da genética no desenvolvimento da Hipertensão: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Cristovão Letícia Cristina Schmidt , Machado Iago Martins , Oliveira Taisa Naves , Brito Camila Barbosa , Mesquita Bruna Ferraz
Published: July 2024

A hipertensão é a principal causa evitável de morte em todo o mundo e está sendo considerada uma síndrome multifatorial com um sinal comum: a pressão arterial elevada. Ferramentas genéticas são empregadas para determinar suas causas, incluindo polimorfismos como o C825T no gene da subunidade B3 da proteína G (GNB3), associado à hipertensão. Este artigo revisa a literatura correlacionando causas genéticas com a hipertensão, consultando artigos no PubMed e SciELO entre 2000 e 2023. Evidências mostram forte correlação entre genética e hipertensão, especialmente variantes da subunidade Beta 3 da Proteína G (GNB3) associadas a alterações bioquímicas em hipertensos. Conclusão: Ferramentas genéticas estão cada vez mais envolvidas na determinação da hipertensão arterial sistêmica.
Vias de sinalização da insulina: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Gentilin Karla Cristina Angelo Faria , Silveira Cleuza Gabriella de Almeida , Campos Isadora Andrade Porto , Rezende Filho Leonardo
Published: July 2024

Introdução: Descoberta há mais de cem anos, a insulina é um hormônio anabólico secretado pelas células β das ilhotas pancreáticas em resposta ao aumento dos níveis de glicose circulante no organismo. É um hormônio com efeitos metabólicos potentes, primordial na regulação da homeostase de glicose em vários níveis. As vias de sinalização da insulina, sua interação com receptores e seus mecanismos de ação são rigorosamente regulados, sendo um desafio para as pesquisas. No entanto, a compreensão desses eventos pode resultar em avanços no tratamento de resistência insulínica, como na obesidade e no diabetes tipo 2. Portanto, o presente artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma revisão da literatura do conhecimento atual sobre as vias de sinalização da insulina. Materiais, sujeitos e métodos: Para a elaboração deste artigo de revisão, foram consultados artigos científicos e de revisão publicados e referenciados no PubMed e SciELO entre 1994 e 2023. Resultados e discussão: Estudos mostram que há diversas etapas na sinalização intracelular da insulina. Essa sinalização se inicia com a ligação da insulina a um receptor de membrana pertencente a uma família de receptores ativados por ligantes e tirosina quinase, que possuem uma série de propriedades fisiológicas e bioquímicas únicas, seguindo-se pelos substratos do receptor de insulina, a fosfatidilinositol 3-quinase (PI 3-quinase), a via proto-oncogene CAP/proteína adaptadora Cbl, as cascatas de fosforilação estimuladas pela insulina, a regulação da síntese de glicogênio e a regulação da síntese e degradação de lipídeos. Essa caracterização detalhada da química da insulina permitiu a síntese de muitos derivados para intervenções terapêuticas. Considerações finais: Embora ainda existam lacunas a serem preenchidas na compreensão dos mecanismos da insulina, são nítidos o progresso científico e o desenvolvimento de terapêuticas que esses estudos proporcionaram, impactando diretamente o tratamento de doenças com alta taxa de prevalência.
Uso de contraceptivo oral combinado e o risco de Câncer Cervical: revisão literatura
Authors: Silva Luana Lima da , Oliveira Carolina Silva , Shimabuku Paula Emy Nishida , Medeiros Ágata Raposo de , Silva Rafaela Teixeira da
Published: July 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: O câncer cervical é causado pela infecção genital persistente pelos tipos oncogênicos do HPV (16 e 18). É o terceiro câncer maligno mais frequente na população feminina, e o quarto com maior número de mortes. Dentre os seus fatores de risco está o uso de contraceptivos hormonais orais; o mecanismo de associação ainda é incerto. OBJETIVO: Este estudo objetiva revisar a literatura existente sobre a relação entre o uso de anticoncepcionais orais combinados e o risco de desenvolvimento de câncer cervical. METODOLOGIA: Foram consultados artigos científicos e de revisão publicados e referenciados nas bases Medline/PubMED, SciELO e Cochrane entre abril de 2018 e dezembro de 2023, além de dados do Instituto Nacional do Câncer (INCA), em publicação de julho de 2022. RESULTADOS: A literatura mostra que o uso de contraceptivos hormonais orais provoca aumento na incidência do câncer cervical e de suas lesões precursoras quando usado de forma prolongada (tempo >5 anos); também houve aumento das lesões cervicais de baixo grau relacionado a dosagens de etinilestradiol iguais ou superiores a 0,03mg. CONCLUSÕES: Apesar de a literatura fornecer dados sugestivos de aumento de lesões cervicais relacionado aos contraceptivos hormonais orais, mais estudos são necessários para concluir causalidade.
Tratamento endovascular da miomatose uterina: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Fernandes Erika Fernanda Pinho , Gobbi Clara de Freitas , Lacerda Camila Marques , Forny Isabela Iguatemy , Santana Mariana Gomes
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A miomatose uterina trata-se de tumores benignos formados por tecido muscular que acometem principalmente as mulheres durante a sua fase reprodutiva, causando sintomas, como dor pélvica e fluxo menstrual intenso. O trabalho tem como objetivo revisar literaturas acerca dos diferentes tratamentos endovasculares existentes e o seu benefício para a qualidade de vida da mulher. Material, sujeitos e métodos: Para realizar este artigo de revisão foram estudados artigos científicos e de revisão publicados na SciELO e PubMed entre 2007 a 2022 e um manual do Ministério da Saúde com edição de 2023. Resultados e discussão: Atualmente, um dos tratamentos envolve técnicas minimamente invasivas que procuram reduzir os sintomas e oferecer qualidade de vida para as pacientes. Essas técnicas consistem em métodos endovasculares, por exemplo, embolização das artérias uterinas e embolização dos miomas guiados por imagem. Considerações finais: O tratamento endovascular visa a preservação do útero, menor risco de complicação e menor tempo de recuperação para a paciente. No entanto, é preciso considerar cada caso individualizado a partir do tamanho e localização do mioma, além dos sintomas da mulher.
Segurança oncológica da mastectomia conservadora do mamilo após quimioterapia neoadjuvante: revisão sistemática
Authors: Aleixo Isabella Cristina , Ribeiro Filho Humberto Borges , Chagas Jaqueline Maria de Azevedo
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A segurança oncológica de um tratamento conservador de mamilo após a mastectomia sempre esteve em foco devido ao impacto deste na vida da mulher. Este artigo tem como objetivo, por meio de uma revisão sistemática, avaliar a eficácia do tratamento neoadjuvante e os desfechos clínicos. Materiais e métodos: Para a elaboração deste artigo de revisão foram consultados artigos científicos e artigos de revisão publicados e referenciados na Medline/PubMED, SciELO e Cochrane entre 1991 e novembro de 2024. Resultados e discussão: Os resultados sugerem que a preservação do mamilo pode ser uma opção viável em determinados casos, com taxas em níveis aceitáveis de recorrência local e alta taxa de sobrevida. As complicações ainda podem estar presentes dependendo do tipo de câncer envolvido. Conclusões: As pacientes apresentaram uma baixa recorrência da doença, mesmo sendo submetidas de forma precoce ao tratamento.
Analisis Optimasi Waktu dan Biaya pada Proyek JDU SPAM Regional Wosusokas Segmen 3 dengan Metode Time Cost Trade Off menggunakan Software Primavera 6.0
Authors: Gunawan Syahrul , Handayani Fajar Sri , Setiono Setiono
Published: July 2024

Dalam proyek konstruksi terdapat triple constrain yang wajib terpenuhi, yaitu waktu, biaya, dan mutu. Waktu yang optimal, biaya yang minim, dan mutu yang sesuai spesifikasi menjadi tolak ukur keberhasilan proyek. Akan tetapi, tidak menutup kemungkinan terdapat hambatan terhadap waktu dan biaya yang dapat membuat pelaksanaan proyek berjalan tidak sesuai dengan yang direncanakan. Untuk mengatasi hambatan tersebut metode Time Cost Trade Off dengan alternatif penambahan jam kerja dan tenaga kerja dapat digunakan untuk optimasi waktu dan biaya dengan proses crashing pada pekerjaan yang berada pada lintasan kritis. Analisis metode Time Cost Trade Off dibantu menggunakan software Primavera Project Planner 6.0 untuk memperoleh skenario yang paling ekonomis dari kedua alternatif tersebut. Hasil optimasi waktu dan biaya pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan alternatif penambahan jam kerja didapat total waktu penyelesaian 485 hari, lebih cepat 49 hari dari waktu normal dengan total biaya proyek sebesar Rp.271.909.061.593 yang mengalami penurunan biaya sebesar Rp.837.176.360. Sedangkan, menggunakan alternatif penambahan tenaga kerja didapat total waktu penyelesaian 527 hari, lebih cepat 7 hari dari waktu normal dengan total biaya proyek sebesar Rp.272.598.399.413 yang mengalami penurunan biaya sebesar Rp.147.838.540. Oleh karena itu, optimasi waktu dan biaya dengan penambahan jam kerja lebih ekonomis.
Oil Palm Expansion: Aspects and Gender Roles in Rural Oil Palm Farm Households
Authors: Elvawati Elvawati ,   Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat
Published: July 2024

This paper comprehends that commercialization in Indonesia, especially in the plantation sector, has increased every year. In this paper, the focus of this research is on oil palm plantations which are expected to increase every year. One of the actors playing a role in this expansion is farmer households. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and describe gender aspects and roles in oil palm farmer households. This research used qualitative and quantitative approaches. There were 20 informants in the study for qualitative data and 80 respondents for quantitative data. The types of data used in this research were secondary data and primary data. Primary data were obtained through observation, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires, while secondary data were obtained from literature studies and documents related to this paper. The results of this study reveal that this expansion changes and influences gender aspects in oil palm farmer households, such as increasing women’s working time due to entering productive sectors, and the emergence of new sources of economic income for women.
Marketing Mix Analysis of Somethinc Brand Skincare Manufacturer in East Jakarta
Authors: Satriatama Zulfikar ,   School of Business Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Widyasthana Dr. Ir. G.N. Sandhy ,   School of Business Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Published: July 2024

The current expansion of the skincare product market has also led to the emergence of many local skincare brands in the cosmetics industry in Indonesia. Several brands compete by presenting quality products with international standards. So now competition for foreign and local skincare product businesses is becoming increasingly fierce. One of the skincare products that has been named the best-selling skincare brand in 2021 is the Somethinc brand, which is known to have only taken two years to achieve this crowning. This condition requires every company to have a marketing mix strategy that is designed in an integrated manner to produce the desired response in the target market. The purpose of this research is to determine the 4P marketing mix strategy implemented by the Somethinc company and analyze the influence of the 4P marketing mix implemented by the Somethinc company on influencing consumers. The research method used is Mix Method, namely qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative method was carried out by conducting interviews with the Somethinc brand, while the quantitative method was carried out by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents who were consumers of the Somethinc company. The collected data is then used to create internal and external company analysis. Internal analysis was carried out using SWOT Analysis which was used to collect information about the condition of the Somethinc company, while external analysis was carried out using TOWS Analysis which was used to collect information regarding consumer responses to the Somethinc brand. Based on this analysis, the researcher explains the 4P marketing mix strategy (Product, Price, Place and Promotion) that is implemented and presents the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats faced by the Somethinc company both internally and externally.
Rethinking Tanzania's Foreign Policy Paradigm: An Examination of the Evolution of Economic Diplomacy from 2001 to 2004
Authors: Msoffe Asiana Mohamed ,   Assistant Lecturer, Centre for Foreign Relations
Published: July 2024

This comprehensive review of Tanzania’s foreign policy since 2001 provides a nuanced examination of the country’s shift towards economic diplomacy, with a specific focus on the factors that contributed to this transformation. The article delves into the underlying reasons behind the initiation of this new foreign policy approach in 2001, despite its official launch occurring in 2004, and explores the complex interplay of global shifts, domestic transitions, and local institutional factors that drove Tanzania’s changing international relations in the early 2000s. A thorough analysis of primary and secondary scholarly sources reveals the strategic calculations, external pressures, and policy debates that motivated Tanzania’s post-Cold War foreign policy realignment and its timing. The article traces the intellectual and political influences on President Mkapa and his advisors that shaped the framing of economic cooperation as Tanzania’s new diplomatic priority, highlighting the key imperatives of regime stability, regional integration, and engaging emerging powers amidst declining terms of trade that prompted Tanzania’s foreign policy shift. The new vision, which blended liberalization with Tanzania’s historical principles, sought to balance change and continuity by redefining the country’s diplomatic priorities. This study concludes that systemic global factors, coupled with domestic restructuring, precipitated Tanzania’s earlier-than-conventionally-understood adoption of economic diplomacy, underscoring the complexity of international relations and the need for a nuanced understanding of the factors that shape them.
Comparative Analysis of Pra-Post Merger and Acquisition Financial Performance Reviewed From EVA, MVA and Financial Ratio Methods (Empirical Study of Non-Financial Sector Companies Listed on the IDX for the Period 2015-2020)
Authors: Bohalima Eunike Rosni ,   Faculty of Economic and Business, University of North Sumatera, Erlina Erlina , Syarif Firman ,   Faculty of Economic and Business, University of North Sumatera,   Faculty of Economic and Business, University of North Sumatera
Published: July 2024

This study aims to compare the pre-post M&A financial performance of non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2-year period before mergers and acquisitions (M&A), in the year of M&A, and 2 years after M&A. Performance was measured using Economic Value Added (EVA), Market Value Added (MVA), and financial ratios. The research sample consisted of 22 companies selected by purposive sampling, and secondary data were analyzed from financial statements. Partial analysis was conducted with the Wilcoxon Sign Test because the data was not normally distributed, while simultaneous analysis used the MANOVA test with the STATA version 17 application. The results of simultaneous testing showed no significant difference in financial performance between before and after M&A. However, partial test results found significant differences in MVA variables in the period 2 years before, 1 and 2 years after M&A, as well as in the year of M&A. In addition, the ROA variable also shows significant differences in the 2-year period before, 1 and 2 years after M&A. However, the effect of M&A on MVA and ROA variables tends to be negative.
Performance of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Rectangular Opening in Flexural and Shear Zone
Authors: Chirag Ka Patel  , Dr. R. K. Sheth
Published: July 2024

Transverse openings in reinforced concrete beams use to house the utility services like electricity cable, Internet cable, air-conditioning pipe, fire safety pipe line and water-drainage system. These beams opening pipe line system are usually placed underneath the soffit of the beam in term of dead space. This height of dead space that increase the overall building height. Beam opening in the reinforced concrete beams significantly decreases the ultimate load carrying capacity of beam. Transverse beam opening in the web portion of beam produces discontinuities in the usual flow of stresses and that leading stress concentration around the opening region. The importance of this study is to evaluate the performance of reinforced concrete beam with varying size rectangular opening at flexure and shear location ware investigated. A nonlinear finite element analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of different size openings, in terms of ultimate load carrying capacity, Elemental Stresses, load-deflection plot, crack pattern. The work involves investigating performance of different size of small and large rectangular opening. This paper gives new challenges for engineering practice which is in the field of strengthening of concrete structures especially in transverse RC beams with rectangular openings.
Advancements in Ophthalmic Healthcare with Deep Learning-Driven Segmentation for Multi-Stage Eye Fundus Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Amritha Lakshmi R B  , Meghna B C  , Mukesh Raj K  , Mrs. U Vijayalakshmi
Published: July 2024

The global rise in eye diseases highlights the need for advanced diagnostic tools in ophthalmic care. This project introduces a deep learning model for classifying eye diseases, streamlining diagnosis, and improving accuracy. Using real-time images from reputable healthcare facilities like Bajwa Hospital in Punjab and Shang gong Medical Tech in China, the model is fine-tuned to clinical nuances. Segmentation of the optic disc and blood vessels is key for precise retinal structure delineation, enhancing disease identification. Various CNN models, including Mobile Net, Dense Net, Reset, and a custom CNN, were utilized for retinal image analysis. Additionally, the Vision Transformer (ViT) model was integrated to capture intricate patterns. The model is deployed as a web application using Django, HTML, SQLite, and Bootstrap, featuring a secure, user-friendly interface. Users can input images to receive prompt disease predictions, along with verified information on prevention, treatment options, and medications. This system not only automates and improves diagnostic processes but also provides reliable medical guidance.
AI-Based Tools in Mathematics Education: A Systematic Review of Characteristics, Applications, and Evaluation Methods
Authors: KP Mredula  , Roman Jonita  , Priti Sajja
Published: July 2024

Artificial intelligence has been utilized for enhancement of education. The paper describes the gradual influences of Natural language processing, ChatGPT and Intelligent Tutoring Systems in mathematical education in particular. A systematic review and briefing is targeted for budding researchers in the field of AI based education. A comparison of research with a brief summary is provided along with the analysis of the search. Future scope for the clear understanding and easy implementation of mathematics is aimed with development of the intelligent system with customized solutions to the difficulties faced by the learners of mathematics. The impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the applications in education has been evolving since the past 50+ years. The advent of Intelligent Tutoring Systems has emerged as a rich and important natural environment that deploys and improves AI algorithms. The review carried out shows ITS as an ever growing field for education comes with positive impact on education outcomes, effective increase in learning rates, increase in the learning levels of students and many such benefits. It also has its own challenges in creating authoring environments, making collaborative learning possible, world wide web deployment and creation of virtual reality environments to name a few. In this review paper we focus on the impact of applications that have been developed using NLP, ChatGPT and ITS as education technology.
IoT based Medicine Box Assistance for Elderly People
Authors: Rajalakshmi M  , Jayasurya C  , Pradeep C  , Suganth S  , Mohamed Abdur Rahman I
Published: July 2024

This system addresses the issue of medication adherence by providing timely reminders for patients to take their prescribed medication and ensuring only authorized users access the medication box. Combining physical and digital reminders, it offers a solution suitable for individuals of all ages, particularly on aiding elderly individuals who are prone to forgetting their medication schedules. Emphasizing ease of use and cost-effectiveness, the system integrates microcontroller technology, IoT systems, Facial recognition and an alarm system to prompt patients to take their medication as per their prescription. Designed to be portable and affordable, this smart medicine box is especially beneficial for elderly and illiterate patients, relieving family members of the burden of ensuring medication adherence. This paper describes an overview of a smart medicine box, which acts as an assistive device to avoid non-compliance with medicine. It consists of a hardware box with compartments for a week (three times a day), as well as an Android application for reminding the respective patient and informing the family members (caregiver) whether the patient has taken the medicines or not.
STEAM: Momentous Approach of Teaching Learning
Authors: Preeti Nara  , Dr.Raj kumar
Published: July 2024

Globally, learning approaches that mingle various scientific fields are in great need today in education form to improve the product of education. The International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) requires institutional education to acclimatize to rapid technology and train students to compete internationally by using e-learning medium in the classroom. The purpose of the study is to support every argument about STEAM education.  The method used is previous studies based on STEAM. Data is collected through articles based on STEAM, STEAM education, and learning models based on STEAM. Databases used for searching include, Elsevier, Emerald, Springer, Research Gate, Academia Edu, Google Scholar. The result of the study is that STEAM builds human assets who can think critically, logically, and systematically and have universal competitiveness. Implementing STEAM based pedagogical learning in   education enables students to comprehend the importance of integrating various disciplines. Moreover, learners can progress their logical thinking through STEAM approach, it will provide inclusive opportunities for students to practice their thinking skill, experiential learning.
Children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder: Persistence of Primitive Reflexes and Related Motor Activity Issues
Authors: Dr.Heena Pranavsinh Rathod  , Dr. Anil Kumar Mishra  , Dr. Sneha Somrajan
Published: July 2024

To identify which primitive reflex is higher and its associated problem with motor performance in children with ADHD.14 children with ADHD (4–6 years old) from pediatric clinic of Surat were checked for the presence of the asymmetric tonic neck reﬂex, symmetric tonic neck reﬂex, tonic labyrinthine reﬂex, Palmer, Galant, and Moro reflex test method given by sally Goddard. Motor skills were checked with the motor proficiency test (MOT 4–6 test) in those18 tasks. A child with ADHD has reflex activity in the following areas: ATNR right (42.9%), Galan right (21.4%), STNR extension (28.6%), and Moro (35.7%). Motor skills are inversely related to retained permeative reflex. ADHD Children with increased reflex activity facing difficulty on the MOT test. This study shows that ADHD symptoms are closely linked with persistence of primitive reflexes. The association between persisting primitive reflexes and motor skills suggests that ADHD symptoms may represent a compensation for unfinished developmental phases related to declining reflexes.
A Socio-Legal Study on Issues and Factors of Child Labour in Malaysia
Authors: Hanafi Haswaniza , Rahuman Sadik Syamirah , Pakianathan Anne Magdalene , Makhtar Maheran
Published: July 2024

This research paper critically examines the multifaceted issue of child labour, shedding light on its complexities, evaluating existing legal frameworks, and proposing comprehensive solutions. Focusing primarily on Malaysia, the study navigates through international standards, notably the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 (CRC), which unequivocally prohibits economic exploitation and hazardous work for children, emphasizing their holistic development and protection. The analysis encompasses a thorough review of Malaysia’s legislative landscape, including key statutes such as the Children and Young Persons (Employment) Act 1966, Sabah Labour Ordinance (Cap 67), and Sarawak Labour Ordinance (Cap 76). This research highlights the gaps in Malaysian laws, particularly the absence of explicit guidelines on work allowed to be done by children. Furthermore, the research situates child labour within the broader human rights discourse, drawing on international instruments like the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) and the 1989 United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). The findings underscore the urgent need for holistic solutions that extend beyond legal reforms, such as refining definitions within existing legislation, aligning Malaysian laws with international standards, enhancing enforcement mechanisms, and incorporating explicit provisions on employer responsibilities. The paper advocates for a nuanced understanding of child labour's interconnectedness with broader rights, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive approach to eradicating this pervasive issue, which calls for collective action to create a world where every child is afforded the right to a childhood free from exploitation, ensuring their well-being, dignity, and the realization of their full potential.
LEGITIMIDAD DE LA MEDIDA COERCITIVA DE DETENCIÓN CIVIL EN LA EJECUCIÓN DE SENTENCIAS EN EL MARCO DE LOS PROCESOS CIVILES
Authors: Sucari Cruz Rolando
Published: July 2024

Article 53 of the Code of Civil Procedure regulates coercive measures, specifically, numeral 2 of said article empowers the judge to order the detention for 24 hours of anyone who resists his order without justification. This regulation generates controversy as it is considered unconstitutional because it would violate article 2 numeral 24 literal c) of the Political Constitution of the State, in the understanding that there is no imprisonment for debt, even the terminology of detention would correspond to be used in criminal matters. Furthermore, it is questioned whether the civil judge can order detention. In this context, this article analyzes the positions against and in favor of civil detention, concluding that several Latin American countries maintain its application specifically for certain cases, whether in civil or criminal normative bodies, as a sanction for non-compliance with a civil obligation, therefore it is necessary to regulate in the Code of Civil Procedure as an express power of the judge, the civil arrest, to enforce its decisions. Emphasizing that the appropriate terminology is that of arrest for up to 24 hours, which can be dictated by the civil judge.
Exploración del mercado de plantas ornamentales de vivero en Delicias, Chihuahua
Authors: Portillo Villalobos Ana Isabel , Macías López Ma. Guadalupe , Terrazas Gómez Marina Imelda , Uranga Valencia Luisa Patricia , Valenzuela Arizpe Francisco Nahúm
Published: July 2024

México tiene la tercera área de producción más grande del mundo dedicada a ornamentales. El país concentra el 23 por ciento de los cultivos ornamentales en América Latina, posicionándose como el segundo mayor productor de la región con 12.600 hectáreas de tierras destinadas a cultivos ornamentales. El presente trabajo, tiene como objetivo elaborar una exploración del mercado de las plantas ornamentales de vivero en la región centro sur de chihuahua, determinar las especies que se comercializan con mayor éxito en la ciudad, sobre todo se proyecta utilizar los resultados para implementar un programa para proveer plantas a los edificios y construcciones que mejore su apariencia externa, además de invertir en este tipo de plantas en un vivero comercial familiar. Se aplicó un cuestionario al azar a las amas de casa. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que un 50% desconoce cuáles son las plantas consideradas como ornamentales de vivero y un 20% manifestó que son aquellas que se cultivan y comercializan con fines decorativos, y 30% las que se utilizan en los jardines. Con un 60% se observó que las plantas de follaje como las palmeras, ficus y crotones, son muy populares debido a su resistencia al clima seco y su bajo requerimiento de mantenimiento.  Las plantas de flor, como las rosas, geranios y hortensias, también obtuvieron una alta demanda (20%), especialmente durante las temporadas de primavera y verano, y con un 20 % de la demanda, las suculentas y cactus debido a su facilidad de cuidado y su adaptación al clima árido de la región. Se utilizaron los datos de las medias de las respuestas obtenidas en los cuestionarios con el fin de realizar un análisis de varianza (p >.05) entre; el precio de venta y las siguientes variables, tipo de plantas, instalaciones y publicidad.
La dignificación de la pepena: un análisis del reciclaje de residuos sólidos urbanos en la ciudad de Chihuahua
Authors: Terrazas-Chavira Gabriela Alejandra , Espino Enríquez Lauro Manuel , Frescas Villalobos Raúl Hiram , Manjarrez Domínguez Carlos Baudel , Hoffmann Esteves Hazel Eugenia
Published: July 2024

La actividad de la pepena se encuentra dentro del sector informal, caracterizada por la precariedad e invisibilidad social, por el contrario, es un elemento clave en la cadena productiva del reciclaje, brindando un ingreso económico para muchas personas. En la ciudad de Chihuahua esta actividad se realiza a una escala importante, por lo que el presente estudio analiza y dignifica el reciclaje de los residuos sólidos urbanos desde la perspectiva de los pepenadores, explicando también su relación con otros actores sociales en el sitio de disposición final de la ciudad. Se parte de la premisa de que la pepena de basura es, en la época actual de crisis ambiental global una forma efectiva de cuidado de recursos y disminución de impactos ambientales. A nivel metodológico, se trabajó desde la investigación acción participativa, como estrategia de sensibilización en el grupo de pepenadores de la importancia de su labor y, una forma de presentar su organización comunitaria como ejemplo a otros grupos urbanos de pepena de basura en otras latitudes. Finalmente encontramos problemáticas en estos grupos como lo son: la informalidad, la falta de respaldo jurídico, la exposición a la salud de forma particular, mientras que de forma general, la falta de políticas públicas para reconocer esta actividad como valiosa para afrontar la crisis ambiental global.
Saberes tradicionales en el cultivo de maíces nativos
Authors: Reza-Solis Irad Jared , Romero-Rosales Teolincacihuatl , Hernández Galeno César del Ángel , Valenzuela Lagarda José Luis , Jiménez Lobato Vania
Published: July 2024

El maíz (Zea mays L.)., es un cultivo de importancia mundial ya que es suministro de nutrimentos y energía necesarios para los seres humanos, animales y es un elemento esencial para la industria (ASERCA, 2018).
México es considerado el centro de origen y diversificación del maíz, existen 64 razas y de ellas 59 pueden considerarse nativas (SADER, 2020), este cereal desempeña un papel primordial en la seguridad alimentaria de la población (Escobedo, 2023). A través de los siglos el maíz ha ido evolucionando y esto ha sido posible gracias a los saberes y conocimientos de las y los agricultores, que se han encargado de hacer una selección de semillas con las características deseables de este cultivo (Magdaleno, 2018).
Los conocimientos y saberes tradicionales han sido fundamentales para la preservación de esta especie, lo que ha propiciado poblaciones nativas de maíz que las y los agricultores han adaptado a sus necesidades alimenticias, productivas, ambientales y culturales (Cruz et al., 2021).
Vulnerabilidad y retos de sustentabilidad de la producción agrícola en comunidades rurales de México, caso de estudio con productores de Zacapoaxtla, Puebla
Authors: Lara de la Calleja Marco Antonio , Mejía Méndez Guillermo , García Martínez Luis Manuel
Published: July 2024

Hablar de las comunidades rurales en México es hablar de las familias que se han dedicado económicamente a la producción agrícola, por generaciones han tratado de conservar y preservar conocimientos ancestrales en materia de la producción de cultivos, sin embargo las crisis económicas, los tratados comerciales internacionales y las políticas públicas han impactado en el comercio local de alimentos, es por ello que el presente artículo tiene como objetivo describir la vulnerabilidad y los retos en materia de sustentabilidad que presentan las comunidades rurales del país, para ello se ha tomado el caso del municipio de Zacapoaxtla que se encuentra ubicado en la sierra nororiental del Estado de Puebla; se realizó un estudio cualitativo con 11 productores de la zona, se utilizó una guía de preguntas con 13 ítems específicos, clasificados en 4 variables: 1. Soberanía alimentaria; 2. Producción; 3. Impacto ambiental; 4. Sociocultural; Los resultados muestran una alta vulnerabilidad ante los efectos de cambio climático; un abandono de ciertos cultivos en deterioro de la soberanía alimentaria local; la búsqueda de cultivos con mayor productividad y rentabilidad con el interés de generar un mayor ingreso económico familiar.
Why Effective Communication is Important in Management of Public Health Emergencies – A Viewpoint
Authors: Ramachandran Ganesh , Min Aung Ko Ko
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This article aims to present a reflective viewpoint of what entails effective communication and why it is important in a public health setting when dealing with emergencies. Methodology: The article uses the COVID 19 pandemic as a template to illustrate how effective communication is needed to address a public health emergency effectively.
Findings: Centralized and non-conflicting communication is integral in ensuring effective management of a public health emergency. Effective management requires consistent, centralized, and simple to understand and implement communication.
Unique Contribution to Theory Practice and Policy: Public Health Emergencies are national emergencies and require collaboration of multiple agencies and stakeholders to effectively address and control the situation. This process must ensure that the public who are the primary stakeholder receive the maximal benefits from any intervention to safeguard their health and safety while guaranteeing economic and social stability.
Comparing the Effectiveness of Tramadol versus Paroxetine in the Treatment of Premature Ejaculation
Authors: Shoukat Ali Mughal  , Syed Azhar Hussain  , Zakir Hussain Rajpar  , Kashif Uddin Qayoom Soomro  , Aijaz Shaikh    , Afhan Qayoom Shaikh
Published: July 2024

Objective: To conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of tramadol versus paroxetine in managing premature ejaculation (PE).
Methodology: This study employs a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group design conducted at the Urology department of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro, Hyderabad, Pakistan. Participants are adult males aged 18–65 years who report persistent PE were included in the study. Premature ejaculation occurs in men when semen leave the body (ejaculate) sooner or just before penetration. Participants meeting the diagnostic criteria for PE are assigned randomly to either the tramadol group or the paroxetine group. Participants in the tramadol group receive oral tramadol hydrochloride at a dose of 50 mg, taken 1–2 hours before anticipated sexual activity. Participants in the paroxetine group receive oral paroxetine hydrochloride (20mg daily), taken continuously for 8 weeks. The primary outcome measure is the change or delay in intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT).
Results: The mean baseline IELT and after treatment IELT in tramadol group was statistically significant (p<0.001), 47.83±5.68 seconds and 141.54±4.04 seconds, respectively. Similarly, the mean baseline IELT and after treatment IELT in the paroxetine group was statistically significant (p<0.001), 47.03±5.48 seconds and 98.67±4.68 seconds, respectively.
Conclusion: Tramadol is an effective alternative to paroxetine in treating premature ejaculation, with studies showing it significantly delays ejaculation similar to paroxetine, providing patients more options for managing lifelong PE.
Frequency of Refractive Error in Patients with Squint
Authors: Nazish Rizwan  , Neelam Nizamani  , Asra Talpur  , Aamir Hussain  , Shah Nawaz  Channa  , Naraindas
Published: July 2024

Objective: To determine the frequency of refractive errors in patients with squint at a tertiary care Hospital.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, Liaquat University Eye Hospital in Hyderabad from May 2020 to October 2020. A total of 128 patients either exotropia or esotropia were included in this study. Auto refraction and Hirschberg reflex test was done. A refractive error of ?+2 was taken as hypermetropia and ? -2 was taken as Myopia. This information was entered in the proforma and analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Results: The average age of the patients was 6.26±3.09 years. There were 73(5.03%) male and 55(42.97%) female. Hypermetropia was observed in 47.66% (61/128) cases while myopia in 11.72% (15/128) cases. Furthermore, the frequency of hypermetropia was found statistically insignificant according to age, gender, types of squint and Hirschberg reflex p-value (>0.05). Frequency of Myopia was found statistically insignificant across age groups, gender-wise and across different angles of the Hirschberg reflex-value (>0.05), while it was statically significant according to types of squint, (p-0.033).
Conclusion: Study revealed that the hypermetropia emerges as the most prevalent refractive error among the children assessed. It underscores the necessity for all these children to undergo cycloplegic refraction, with glasses being identified as the primary treatment approach. Mass screening initiatives are essential aimed at facilitating early identification and treatment of refractive errors.