bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problems of teaching speaking in Russian and the system of exercises in Chinese universities
Authors: Шутова М.Н. , Сюе Гун
Published: March 2024

В современном сообществе целью обучения иностранному языку является развитие у обучающегося способности к межкультурному взаимодействию. Обучение говорению – один из важных и трудных моментов в преподавании РКИ. Таким образом, совершенствование системы упражнений на говорение и содействие автоматизации устных навыков студентов – неизбежный путь для обучения русскому языку. В статье раскрываются проблемы, существующие в обучении говорению в китайских вузах, и на этой основе анализируется система упражнений на говорение, предлагаются некоторые виды упражнений.

In the modern community, the goal of teaching a foreign language is the development of the student's ability for intercultural interaction. Learning to speak is an important and difficult moment in teaching the Russian language. Improving the system of speaking exercises and promoting the automation of students' oral skills is an inevitable path for teaching the Russian language. This article reveals the problems that exist in the teaching of speaking in Chinese universities, and on this basis, studies the system of speaking exercises in order to give some suggestions.
The role of EXPRESSIVE WORDS in the text of the chapter Bolbasy from S. A. Shargunov's novel The Book without Photographs
Authors: Чжан Вэйдун
Published: March 2024

Автор на материале текста главы «Болбасы» романа С. А. Шаргунова «Книга без фотографий» изучает экспрессивно окрашенную лексику и ее роль в литературном произведении. В статье рассмотрены экспрессивно окрашенные слова, характеризующие внешний облик и речь героев. Стилистически маркированная лексика позволяет более точно передать уровень культурного развития персонажей, показать их социальный статус. На основе различных источников автор проводит классификацию стилистически маркированных единиц.

Based on the text of the chapter Bolbasy of S. A. Shargunov's novel The Book without Photographs, the author studies expressively colored vocabulary and its role in a literary work. The article considers expressively colored words characterizing the appearance and speech of the characters. Stylistically labeled vocabulary allows you to more accurately convey the level of cultural development of the characters, to show their social status. Based on various sources, the author classifies stylistically labeled units.
The concept of Moscow in Russian linguistic culture
Authors: Боженкова Н.А. , Чжан Цзычжэнь
Published: March 2024

В статье рассматривается содержание концепта Москва на основе теории языковой картины мира, используется этимологический и интерпретационный анализ, а также анализируется полевая структура концептосферы Москва.

The article discusses the content of «Moscow» based on the theory of the language picture of the world, uses еtymological analysis, interpretation analysis, and also analyzes the field structure of the «Moscow» conceptosphere.
Modelo Didáctico para la Atención a la Diversidad en el Centro Regional Universitario los Santos
Authors: De Ramírez Noemí Barría , Vega Dalila María , De Sucre Delia Consuegra , De Vergara Lelia Cano , Mitre V. María
Published: March 2024

El propósito de este artículo es describir el modelo didáctico para la atención a la diversidad en el Centro Regional Universitario de Los Santos, durante el año 2023; conocimientos contemplados en la Ley No.24 Orgánica de la Universidad de Panamá y el Estatuto universitario, donde se reglamenta todo lo relacionado con los encargados de modificar, ejecutar los diferentes programas, modelos didácticos en cada una de las Facultades de la Universidad de Panamá. El tipo de diseño es no experimental, descriptivo a través de un enfoque de corte cualitativo; donde se utiliza la técnica de la entrevista semiestructurada, aplicada a cinco profesores que atienden a la diversidad en las diferentes facultades; para ello, se considera una muestra aleatoria y por conveniencia del autor. Los resultados mostraron que no existe un modelo didáctico especializado para la atención a la diversidad; por ello se propone establecer propuestas que incluyan elementos claves de adecuaciones necesarias para responder a los contenidos, analizando la situación previa, la evolución del proceso de atención, el historial académico del estudiante y los cambios más significativos, que se dan en la transición de la carrera universitaria y en las evaluaciones en los diferentes programas analíticos y sintéticos de cada una de las asignaturas del plan de estudio, para la adecuada atención, orientación y asesoramiento que el estudiante necesita. Conclusión, se requiere de un modelo didáctico como propuesta de intervención que apoye los procesos educativos tanto en la enseñanza como en el aprendizaje para la atención a la diversidad a nivel universitario.
Análisis Comparativo a los Modelos Curriculares de dos Instituciones Educativas Públicas en Melgar y en Líbano – Tolima
Authors: Álvarez Murcia Ana Cecilia
Published: March 2024

El análisis comparativo realizado a los modelos curriculares de la Institución Educativa Técnica Gabriela Mistral de Melgar y de la Institución Educativa Santa Teresa de Líbano, ambas en el departamento del Tolima, nace a partir del reconocimiento de la importancia que tienen los modelos curriculares para el pleno desarrollo de las actividades pedagógicas y misicionales de las IE en pro del mejoramiento de la calidad de la educación, esta investigación se realizó mediante un estudio cualitativo, con enfoque descriptivo, con el fin de identificar las brechas que debilitan los procesos de enseñanza – aprendizaje, que influyen negativamente en el desempeño académicos de los estudiantes y misionales en ambas IE.  El estudio partió de una revisión teórica - documental sobre los modelos curriculares que rigen el quehacer pedagógico y la observación objetiva a la población objeto de investigación para detectar la problemática actual en las IE; dentro de los hallazgos relevantes se destaca el hecho que en ambas IE los modelos curriculares no se siguen de forma estricta, dadas la complejidad del contexto educativo; siendo necesario establecer acciones de mejora para que presten servicio de educación de carácter público, esto mediante una adecuada orientación sobre el currículo que se ajuste a las necesidades de formación para que los estudiantes reciban una educación acorde a lo establecido en la normatividad y las necesidades de los actores, por ende, puedan contribuir al crecimiento y desarrollo de las comundiades, al mejoramiento de la calidad de la educación, la prestación del servicio educativo público  y contribuir a la formación de personas íntegras.
Ejecución Presupuestal y Calidad de Gasto de la Municipalidad Distrital de Daniel Alomía Robles, Leoncio Prado, Huánuco, 2022
Authors: Mendoza Vislao Estefany , Arana Cárdenas Sergio Martin , Nuñez Furo Ferdinan
Published: March 2024

En el presente estudio se estableció como objetivo principal, determinar la relación entre la variable Ejecución Presupuestal y Calidad de Gasto en la Municipalidad Distrital Daniel Alomía Robles – Huánuco, 2022. Con relación al tipo de investigación es transversal o transeccional porque se analizó datos del año 2022. El nivel de investigación es correlacionar porque se analiza la relación entre dos variables: Ejecución Presupuestal y Calidad de Gasto. El método aplicado es hipotético deductivo que permite extraer una conclusión para luego realizar comparaciones entre la realidad y la teoría. La muestra fue de 87 trabajadores es finita y aleatoria. La fiabilidad del instrumento de evaluación se midió a través de la prueba Alfa de Cronbach, obteniendo 0.892, ubicándose por encima del promedio y considerándose aceptable para ambas variables. La relación de las variables se midió a través del estadístico Rho de Spearman, en el cual se obtuvo una correlación de 68.6%, relación positiva y aceptable a un nivel de significancia de 0.00 < 0.05; concluyendo que existe relación entre la variable Ejecución Presupuestal y Calidad de Gasto de la Municipalidad Distrital de Daniel Alomía Robles - Huánuco 2022.
Konsep Pembinaan Kesadaran Bela Negara Dalam Menangkal Radikalisme Di Indonesia (Tinjauan UU Nomor 23 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Nasional Untuk Pertahanan Negara)
Authors: Slamet Tri Wahyudi  , Syamsul Hadi  , Citraresmi Widoretno
Published: March 2024

Masifnya penyebaran radikalisme dan aksi terorisme merupakan ancaman serius terhadap kedaulatan negara dan ideologi negara. Kondisi tersebut melatarbelakangi Pemerintah dalam upaya merumuskan Rancangan Undang-Undang Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Nasional Untuk Pertahanan Negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskanpembinaan kesadaran bela negara dalam menangkal radikalisme dan terorisme (tinjauan konsep, norma, historis dan praktiknya). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statue approach), pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach) serta pendekatan sejarah (historical approach). Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya menjelaskan konsep yang utuh mengenai upaya pembinaan kesadaran bela negara dalam perspektif konsep, norma, historis dan praktiknya. Karena dalam realitasnya terdapat permasalahan dalam substansi UU, tidak adanya penjelasan secara konkret dan komprehensif mengenai konsep pembinaan kesadaran bela negara, sehingga masing-masing pihak memberikan tafsiran yang berbeda-beda. Paradigam upaya pembinaan kesadaran bela negara adalah untuk mendukung usaha pertahanan negara, secara tersurat UU, mengelaborasikan antara pelatihan dasar kemiliteran secara wajib dengan pembinan kesadaran bela negara sebagai bagian dari upaya pembentukan karakter bela negara. Hal ini sangat berbeda dengan ide atau gagasan awal rumusan naskah akademik RUU PSDN Untuk Pertahanan Negara, yang secara eksplisit menyatakan bahwa konsep pembinaan kesadaran bela negara ditujukan untuk menangkal penyebaran radikalisme. Sehingga, sangat urgen untuk merumuskan konsep upaya pembinaan kesadaran bela negara yang tepat dan ideal dalam menangkal radikalisme dan aksi terorisme di Indonesia.
IMPACTS OF CONVENTIONAL AGRICULTURE ON SOIL, WATER AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION PROCESSES: THE NECESSARY AGROECOLOGICAL TRANSITION IN PALEODUNAR AREAS
Authors: Pacheco C.S.G.R. , Santos R. P. dos , Moreira M.B. , Araújo J.F.
Published: March 2024

Objective: To analyse the main environmental impacts caused by conventional agricultural practices, as well as their effects on soil, water and agrobiodiversity, in order to understand the relevance of the agroecological transition. Method: We started with the following questions: What are the impacts on natural environments [palaeodunes] and societies caused by conventional agricultural practices? What are the paths and benefits that lead to the need to implement an agro-ecological transition? he target audience of the research was made up of riverside farmers who live around the palaeodune areas in the municipality of Casa Nova/BA, and for this, the dialectical method was used as a parameter, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, this being basic research, but also bibliographical and field research. Results: The findings indicate the extent of the impacts, not only environmental but also social, as well as the urgent need for an agro-ecological transition, with the aim of establishing sustainable agricultural practices and the use of restorative technologies, especially in paleodune territories with a high degree of environmental vulnerability. Conclusion: Agriculture, by its very nature and characteristics, exerts permanent pressure on natural resources and is one of the human activities that has the greatest impact and requires incessant human intervention. Agricultural production in Brazil has been degrading its floristic, soil and water resources, and the great challenge to be overcome is the implementation of an agroecological transition, where sustainable practices become the basis of the production process, thus reducing impacts on agrobiodiverse systems.
Study on the Assimilation of Huyula and Pogogutat Culture in the Gorontalo and Bolaang Mongondow Border Areas
Authors: Arsyad Lukman , Adam Sumarlin
Published: March 2024

This study examines the assimilation of Huyula culture in Gorontalo and Pogogutat tradition in Bolaang Mongondow, with a specific focus on the border regions between the two. Ongoing research is being conducted to investigate the cultural dynamics and alterations that occur due to reduced spatial, temporal, and interpersonal distances. This research used a qualitative ethnographic methodology to ascertain the extent of cultural assimilation in the two adjacent regions, assess the assimilation of the Huyula and Pogogutat cultures, and identify the factors that contribute to this phenomenon. Theoretical framework encompasses definitions, features, components, and the concept of cultural assimilation within the realm of culture. The present paper explores the Huyula culture of Gorontalo and the Pogogutat tradition of Bolaang Mongondow, providing insights into its historical roots, societal practices, and significance within the local community. In order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter, this study also explores previous research conducted on cultural traditions and local knowledge in both regions.
Political Party Management Strategy: An Approach to Political Communication Strategy
Authors: Ardiyanti Ardiyanti , Akbar Muh. , Djalil Nur Alim
Published: March 2024

In the 2019 Legislative Election there were 19 parties participating in the election contest, of which 4 new parties passed, while in the 2024 Legislative Election there were 24 parties that passed, including 4 new parties, one of which was the Gelora Party and in South Sulawesi only 18 parties passed the election. This research aims to (1) describe the Gelora Party's communication planning in obtaining legislative seats. (2) describes the implementation of Gelora Party communications to obtain legislative seats. This research was carried out at the Gelora Party DPW Office, South Sulawesi. Data collection was carried out through observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. Data analysis uses qualitative methods with a narrative or descriptive qualitative study approach. The results of the research show that the Gelora Party's Political Communication Strategy as a New Party in the 2023 General Election continues to implement a political communication strategy in winning legislative seats, where means of supporting political communication such as creative and up-to-date social media content to support the popularity of legislative candidates, a persuasive approach is still dominant. The Gelora Party and its image as a Nationalist Party became an obstacle in gaining support from other religious groups.
Communication of News Contributor Organizations at Diskominfo Agencies of Nunukan Regency
Authors: Zumara Asa , Latief Sukriansyah S , Yusmanizar Yusmanizar
Published: March 2024

The Communication, Informatics, Statistics and Coding Office of Nunukan Regency has the task and function of serving information and disseminating development information in Nunukan Regency. As the leading sector disseminator of information, the Department of Communication and Information and Coding cooperates with all Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD) as contributors to news and information. The information distribution channel is called SIMP4TIK. Of the 30 OPD contributors, only 14 contributors wrote on the SIMP4TIK news portal in quarters 1 and 2. Organizational communication plays an important role in the realization of organizational goals. This study aims to analyze how effective the communication of news contributor organizations in Nunukan Regency government agencies and what are the factors that influence it. The theory used is organizational communication theory. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with the object of research of the publication team consisting of team leaders, editors and OPD contributors in Nunukan Regency. The results of this research were obtained through interviews, observations, and literature studies.  The results of the study found that organizational communication has not run optimally on news contributors in the Nunukan Regency Government. The triggering factors include OPD contributors having many tasks besides writing news. Another result, OPD contributors find it difficult to upload news due to lack of knowledge about technology and lack of interest in news authorship. On the editor's side, the lack of intensity of editorial meetings and communication between editors is a factor in the ineffectiveness of organizational communication.
The Effect of Trust Information Quality and Discount on Cosmetic Purchasing Decisions through Online Media
Authors: Budiasih Adisyah Nurul , Nujum Syamsu , Mapparenta Mapparenta
Published: March 2024

The Effect of Trust Information Quality and Discount on Cosmetic Purchasing Decisions in E-commerce Platforms (Study Case: Members of UKM Entrepreneurial UMI (supervised by Hj. Syamsu Nujum and H. Mapparenta). This research aimed to rigorously examine and investigate: (1) the impact of trust on purchase decisions on cosmetic products via online media by the members of UKM Entrepreneurial UMI; (2) the impact of information quality on the purchase decisions; and (3) the effect of discounts on the purchase decisions. Employing primary data, 174 members of UKM Entrepreneurship UMI were taken as a sample, and the data was collected through a survey conducted from November to December 2023. The data analysis used was the multiple linear regression analysis method assisted by SPSS 24. The results of this research reported that: (1) trust demonstrated a positive and significant effect on purchase decisions; (2) information quality illustrated a positive and significant effect on purchase decisions; (3) discounts denoted a positive and significant effect on purchase decisions.
Kebijakan Hukum Pendirian Yayasan Oleh Warga Negara Asing Di Indonesia
Authors: Muhammad Rizqullah Dany Putranto  , Nabila Aulia Rizki  , Naufandiary Bachtiar Ramzy
Published: March 2024

The dynamic recognition of foundation legal entities in Indonesia has provided significant legal certainty, in accordance with Law Number 16 Year 2001 on Foundations which was amended through Law Number 28 Year 2004. However, it should be noted that this development reaches aspects of the establishment and management of foundations that relate to the participation of foreign nationals in establishing foundations in Indonesia. This research is a legal doctrinal research that adopts a statutory and conceptual approach. The findings of this research imply that Foreign Nationals who intend to establish a foundation in Indonesia can do so by complying with the provisions set forth in the prevailing laws and regulations. In addition, they can also assume a role in the foundation by fulfilling the conditions that have been set, with serious consequences to be faced if the conditions are not complied with. A possible consequence is the deportation of Foreign Nationals back to their country of origin.
Controlled and uncontrolled arterial hypertension: comparison of clinical and demographic characteristics in patients (according to the National Registry of Hypertension, 2019-2022)
Authors: Aksenova A. V. , Oshchepkova E. V. , Gorbunova E. V. , Makarov S. A. , Aksenov N. N. , Musaeva N. Z. , Chazova I. E.
Published: March 2024

Aim: to study the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients in a sample of patients with arterial hypertension observed in primary healthcare (20192022). To compare data from patients with uncontrolled and controlled hypertension.

Materials and methods. An analysis of medical data of 4543 patients was carried out (history, clinical and laboratory data, concomitant cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, revascularization (coronary bypass grafting, transluminal balloon angioplasty of the coronary arteries). For statistical data processing, the SPSS statistical software package was used.

Results. The patients in the study sample were middle-aged and elderly. 51,5% of patients did not achieve target blood pressure values. More than 90% of patients in the studied sample are high and very high risk patients. The ratio of groups of patients with controlled and uncontrolled arterial hypertension among patients of different ages did not differ. Higher values of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, a higher frequency (1,3 times) of failure to achieve target values of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol <2,6 mmol/l, and obesity (1,3 times) were identified in patients with uncontrolled arterial hypertension. More than 80% of patients had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol values higher than recommended. Patients with controlled arterial hypertension were more likely to have coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction and a history of coronary angioplasty and coronary artery bypass grafting.

Сonclusions. In hypertensive patients, more careful monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors is required, including blood pressure levels and achieving target LDL cholesterol levels. The association of a higher incidence of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and the severity of dyslipidemia with uncontrolled hypertension may indicate less adherence of patients to both drug and non-drug treatment methods. While the presence of coronary heart disease, surgical interventions performed on the coronary arteries can serve as an illustration of increased adherence to therapy when hypertension is combined with coronary heart disease.
Basic aspects of pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection: what has been achieved and what remains to be achieved?
Authors: Chitanava V. L. , Valieva Z. S. , Martynyuk T. V.
Published: March 2024

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is characterized by high morbidity and is a significant threat to human health, increasing global mortality. The number of people living with HIV infection is estimated by the United Nations Joint Program on Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (UNAIDS) to be 39 million (33.1-45.7 million) in 2022. With the introduction of highly effective antiretroviral therapy (cART) into clinical practice and the resulting increase in life expectancy in this cohort of patients, HIV-associated complications have come to the forefront, among which the most severe is pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary artery pressure, leading to the development of right ventricular failure. Subsequently, it became evident that this pathology can occur at all stages of HIV infection and, apparently, has no clear relationship with the degree of immunodeficiency, and is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with LAH-HIV, and therefore requires separate, close attention. This article provides an overview covering the basic pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of HIV-associated LAH (LAHHIV), emphasizing the challenges encountered at each stage. The review also considers current aspects aimed at studying LAH in patients with HIV, including new experimental drug therapies that take into account the interaction of different regimens with LAH-specific drugs.
Russian medical society expert consensus on arterial hypertension: use of fixed combinations in the treatment of patients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Kisliak O. A. , Zhernakova Ju. V. , Aksenova A. V. , Chazova I. E.
Published: March 2024

Despite the large arsenal of antihypertensive agents, BP control, both in Europe and in Russia, remains at a low level, more than 50% patients do not reach the goal BP levels. At the same time, data from the results of RCTs demonstrate that the achievement of goal BP values is possible in most patients, no more than 5-10% of patients have resistance to antihypertensive therapy. Sufficient evidence has been accumulated that low adherence to treatment remains a

fundamental contributing factor to insufficient BP control. There is evidence that adherence to treatment closely correlates with the complex dosing regimen of the drugs and the number of tablets taken. Low adherence has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. Furthermore, evidence suggests that medical inertia contributes to treatment failure in patients remaining on monotherapy or receiving inadequate suboptimal therapy. The use of combination therapy, including the use of fixed combinations in most patients, can help to solve both problems. This consensus focuses on various issues related to the prescription of combination therapy in the form of fixed combinations and polypill.
O Engajamento do setor privado na cooperação sul-sul: o caso brasileiro
Authors: Rizzo Aline Duarte da Graça
Published: March 2024

Atualmente, a atuação do setor privado na cooperação internacional tem sido um tema recorrentemente discutido nos principais fóruns. Este artigo objetiva contribuir para o debate ao apresentar um levantamento da atuação das empresas brasileiras no Sul global e seu possível engajamento em projetos de cooperação internacional. O estudo aqui proposto se concentra em amostra delimitada, primeiramente, pelo Ranking FDC das Multinacionais Brasileiras 20173 e, em seguida, pelas empresas públicas de capital aberto, somente em nível nacional, ligadas à União. Foram privilegiados aspectos como perfis e formas de engajamento; as principais motivações para esse engajamento; a adesão a acordos internacionais; e mecanismos de avaliação. A partir da experiência brasileira, esta pesquisa se insere no debate mais amplo sobre o engajamento do setor privado (private sector engagement – PSE) no contexto da cooperação internacional.
An Overview of chinese action and presence at Africa’s energy transition
Authors: Assis Caroline Chagas de , Ribeiro Renata Albuquerque
Published: March 2024

A transição energética é um processo necessário para conter o aquecimento global. Alguns elementos essenciais para sua realização são o financiamento de países mais desenvolvidos e a colaboração entre os países, especialmente com a transferência de tecnologia. Este artigo tem por objetivo entender qual o papel da China no processo de transição energética africana. Para isso, parte-se de uma análise qualitativa do que é sistematizado pela União Africana (African Union – AU) e pelas agências internacionais de energia (International Renewable Energy Agency – IRENA e International Energy Agency – IEA) para realizar um panorama dos processos de transição energética no continente africano. Em seguida, apresentam-se os investimentos chineses no setor energético do continente africano, dando atenção especial para projetos realizados entre 2015 e 2022, a fim de verificar se esses investimentos estão de acordo com os debates realizados nas arenas internacionais.
Agenda ambiental Brasil-China como vetor autonomizante
Authors: Oliveira Jóhidson André Ferraz de , Fonseca Ana Silvia Andreu da , Gonçalves Caroline da Costa Silva
Published: March 2024

Este artigo trata de alguns aspectos emergentes na discussão sobre o clima, em nível planetário, no que diz respeito à ligação entre Brasil e China, nos limites e ganhos para uma agenda global de meio ambiente, sobretudo em relação à transição energética. São apresentados dados e reflexões sobre potencialidades e dilemas do gigante verde, o Brasil, aliado ao gigante industrial e tecnológico, a China, para a agenda ambiental. A teoria da autonomia, de origem latino-americana, que demonstra haver possibilidades autonomizantes para os países saírem da posição de subdesenvolvimento e dependência, está na base dessas reflexões. O atual momento histórico, com deslocamento do poder central do Norte ocidental para a Ásia, apresenta-se como oportunidade para o Brasil se estabelecer em melhores níveis no cenário internacional, caso consiga se aliar com a China, do modo mais isonômico possível, em projetos de economia verde, como apontam alguns acordos firmados recentemente entre os dois países. Estados Unidos e Comunidade Europeia já têm suas próprias agendas – e limitações – em termos ambientais. A América Latina, em especial a América do Sul, e especificamente o Brasil, tem potencial para ordenar e regular uma nova, mais ousada e factível, agenda de transição energética, que vá além do chamado green colonialism.
Energia nuclear nos Emirados Árabes Unidos: segurança energética por meio de um Programa Nuclear Pacífico?
Authors: Nunes André Figueiredo
Published: March 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a implantação da energia nuclear nos Emirados Árabes Unidos (EAU) como fonte complementar ao petróleo e ao gás natural para garantir sua segurança energética. Sem embargo, não deixamos de questionar a natureza pacífica de seu programa nuclear. Assim, embora os EAU sejam signatários do Tratado de Não Proliferação de Armas Nucleares (TNP) e do protocolo adicional da Agência Internacional de Energia Atômica (Aiea), é aventada a hipótese de que a tecnologia nuclear possa ser empregada belicamente se o Irã dispuser de armamentos desse tipo. Tal pesquisa se justifica porque aborda o interesse emiradense em diversificar sua matriz energética para preservar as receitas obtidas pela venda do petróleo no mercado internacional, ao passo que não deixa de abordar seus interesses voltados para a defesa. O artigo é organizado em sete seções. Após a introdução, a segunda seção trata da composição da matriz energética e do consumo de hidrocarbonetos para geração de eletricidade com o intuito de atender à demanda local. A terceira trabalha o conceito de segurança energética sob o ponto de vista de países exportadores de petróleo. O uso de energia nuclear no contexto da transição energética é o tema da quarta seção. A quinta seção examina a implantação da energia nuclear nos EAU sob o ponto de vista da legalidade, considerando-se os compromissos internacionais de não proliferação assumidos pelo país. Por fim, a sexta seção deste artigo questiona o caráter pacífico do programa nuclear dos EAU, propondo um cenário no qual o Irã disporia de armas nucleares como possível justificativa para Abu Dhabi seguir o mesmo caminho. A sétima seção é a conclusão do artigo.
Evaluation of the production of biogas from the codigestion of jatropha press cake and chicken manure
Authors: Nicolle Zindi Shamiso , Chipangura Wilfred , Madziwa Tapiwa Nancy , Simende Clemence Kudakwashe , Mungwari Chakanaka Pardon , Nyadenga Delroy
Published: March 2024

Anaerobic co-digestion of jatropha cake and chicken manure was investigated in a batch process. Experiments were designed with different mixing ratios and different parameters that affect biogas production were investigated. Five lab scale digesters A, B, C, D and E were prepared to digest the solid substrates. Sun dried CM was used during the codigestion process and the process was carried out at room temperature and pressure. The water displacement technique was utilised to examine the capacity of the produced gas. It was found that the production rate of biogas increased with an increase in temperature and pH, thus biogas production is temperature and pH dependent. A maximum biogas yield of 210 ml was recorded and its mixture ratio of 75%JC: 25%CM was chosen as the optimum mixing ratio.
Exposure of polystyrene microplastics induces oxidative stress and physiological defects in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Raj Himali , Raj Aditi , Ranjan Sumeet , Azad Gajendra , Yasmin Shahla
Published: March 2024

Background: Microplastics are emerging contaminants in aquatic and terrestrial environments. Here, we used the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) as model organism to study the adverse effects of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs). Methods: The computational study of styrene-protein interactome revealed enrichment of oxidative stress related pathways. Therefore, we tested the in-silico data by analysing the toxicity of PS-MPs via dietary exposures to 5g/l and 10 g/l doses on Drosophila melanogaster. Results: At both of these doses there was significant increase in oxidative stress as revealed by lipid peroxidase assay. Furthermore, PS-MPs significantly reduced climbing ability of adult flies and distribution pattern of pupal positioning during development. Conclusion: Overall, dietary exposures of PS-MPs caused toxicity in the fruit flies. This study establishes a baseline understanding of the impacts of PS-MPs to the fruit fly and motivates the need for further work focusing on naturally weathered plastic debris.
Effect of Substrate Types (Saw Dust, Corn Cob) Associated with Insect Activities on the White Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Yield in Musang-Bamenda III (North West Region-Cameroon)
Authors: Patience Sakwe Makane , Mbiand Pharaon , Kenne Charnelle Taguimtsob , Joseph Blaise Pando , Fotso  , Awah Tita Margaret , Esther Nadine Otiobo Atibita
Published: March 2024

Oyster mushroom is an edible mushroom which has been identified as an excellent food source to alleviate malnutrition worldwide. To evaluate the effects of different substrate types (saw dust and corn cob) associated with insect activities on the yield of white oyster mushroom, experiments were carried out in exposed house, from the 26th of May to the 31st of August 2022 in Musang. Oyster mushroom was cultivated on different substrates made of six treatments: saw dust (T1, T11), Corn cobs (T2, T22) and a mixture of both (T3, T33), all supplemented with 1% CaCO3. The treatments were tied in black polythene bags each. The experiment was laid in a random design. The different parameters studied show that the highest degree of colonization and the lowest time from primordial initiation to harvest were obtained in T2; The highest biological yield, economic yield and dry weight were observed in T11. The time from primordial initiation to harvest was observed in T1 and the highest average number of fruiting body/packet in T2, the highest average weight of individual fruiting body in T33, the highest mean height of fruiting bodies in T11 and the highest average diameter of Pileus was observed in T22. Pileus, gill and stipe were the different mushroom parts visited by insects belonging to orders Diptera (58.20%), Coleoptera (3.21 %), Blattodea (0.28 %). Insects reduce the quality and quantity of the fungi. Among many aspects, T11 was found as the best substrate with biological and economic yields
Assessment of the of fixed dental prosthesis impressions received at commercial dental laboratories in Aljabal-Alakhdar region, Libya0
Authors: Albahbah Dr. Shoaib Youssef
Published: March 2024

Background: Crown and bridge prosthodontics needs an accurate and precise impression (positive replica) of the abutment teeth and the edentulous region to be rehabilitated for the dental technician to be able to construct the high quality and well adapted fixed dental restoration without mistakes. The aim of the current survey was to assess any visible mistakes commonly observed in fixed dental prosthesis impressions received at five commercial dental laboratories, frequency errors determination, and to determine any possible association between the preparation finish line errors and other assessed factors. Materials and methods: 150 fixed prosthodontic impressions were collected from five commercial dental laboratories located at Aljabal-Alakhdar region, Libya. All the fixed prosthodontic impressions which had been received by the visited commercial dental laboratories were assessed for many factors in relation to the accuracy such as the dental arch involved, prepared abutment teeth, dental impression materials used, and final techniques and viscosity of the impression, the type of impression tray, full-arch or segmental impression tray, the impression tray size, type of fixed dental restoration requested, mistakes in impression material or tray used, gingival tissue dilation errors, closed-mouth impression technique errors, and finish line errors. No attempts were made to determine the reason of the detected errors in each fixed prosthodontic impression assessed. Association between dental practitioner years of experience and gender and impression errors was evaluated. The association between categorical variables and the outcomes were examined by the use of Chi square and Fisher exact tests. Results: Condensation silicone was the most impression material used. Of the impressions evaluated 121(80.6%), 97% have at least one detectable error, 103(68.6%) had finish line errors, 53.9% had tooth preparation area errors. Visible contamination of impression with blood was seen in about 79(52.2%) of the assessed impressions. There was significant association between the type of dental impression material and errors in the preparation cervical finish line and tooth preparation area. Conclusion: In the present study, it has been found that a high frequency of recognizable errors was detected in crown and bridge impressions received by the five commercial dental laboratories. This can result in poorly fitted fixed restorations cemented for the fixed prosthodontic patients.
THE GLOBAL STRONG SOLUTIONS OF THE 3D INCOMPRESSIBLE HALL-MHD SYSTEM WITH VARIABLE DENSITY
Authors: An Shu , Chen Jing , Han Bin
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we focus on the well-posedness problem of the three-dimensional incompressible viscous and resistive Hall-magnetohydrodynamics system (Hall-MHD) with variable density. We mainly prove the existence and uniqueness issues of the density-dependent incompressible Hall-magnetohydrodynamic system in critical spaces on R3.
Magnetic Fields in the Southern Coalsack and Beyond
Authors: Versteeg M. J. F. , Angarita Y. , Magalhães A. M. , Haverkorn M. , Rodrigues C. V. , Santos-Lima R. , Kawabata Koji S.
Published: March 2024

Starlight polarimetry, when combined with accurate distance measurements, allows for exploration of the three-dimensional structure of local magnetic fields in great detail. We present optical polarimetric observations of stars in and close to the Southern Coalsack, taken from the Interstellar Polarization Survey. Located in five fields of view approximately 0.°3 × 0.°3 in size, these data represent the highest density of optical polarimetric observations in the Southern Coalsack to date. Using these data, combined with accurate distances and extinctions based on Gaia data, we are able to characterize the magnetic field of the Coalsack and disentangle contributions to the polarization caused by the Southern Coalsack and a background structure. For the Southern Coalsack, we find an average magnetic field orientation of θ ∼ 75° with respect to the Galactic north pole and an average plane-of-sky magnetic field strength of approximately B
POS = 10 μG, using the Davis–Chandrasekhar–Fermi method. These values are in agreement with some earlier estimates of the Coalsack’s magnetic field. In order to study the distant structure, we introduce a simple method to separate and isolate the polarization of distant stars from foreground contribution. For the distant structure, which we estimate to be located at a distance of approximately 1.3–1.5 kpc, we find an average magnetic field orientation of θ ∼ 100° and estimate a field strength of B
POS ∼ 10 μG, although this will remain highly uncertain until the precise nature of the distant structure can be uncovered.
Deep Synoptic Array Science: Polarimetry of 25 New Fast Radio Bursts Provides Insights into Their Origins
Authors: Sherman Myles B. , Connor Liam , Ravi Vikram , Law Casey , Chen Ge , Catha Morgan , Faber Jakob T. , Hallinan Gregg , Harnach Charlie , Hellbourg Greg , Hobbs Rick , Hodge David , Hodges Mark , Lamb James W. , Rasmussen Paul , Sharma Kritti , Shi Jun , Simard Dana , Somalwar Jean , Squillace Reynier , Weinreb Sander , Woody David P. , Yadlapalli Nitika ,   The Deep Synoptic Array team
Published: March 2024

We report on a full-polarization analysis of the first 25 as yet nonrepeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) detected at 1.4 GHz by the 110-antenna Deep Synoptic Array (DSA-110) during commissioning observations. We present details of the data-reduction, calibration, and analysis procedures developed for this novel instrument. Faraday rotation measures (RMs) are searched between ±106 rad m−2 and detected for 20 FRBs, with magnitudes ranging from 4 to 4670 rad m−2. Fifteen out of 25 FRBs are consistent with 100% polarization, 10 of which have high (≥70%) linear-polarization fractions and two of which have high (≥30%) circular-polarization fractions. Our results disfavor multipath RM scattering as a dominant depolarization mechanism. Polarization-state and possible RM variations are observed in the four FRBs with multiple subcomponents. We combine the DSA-110 sample with polarimetry of previously published FRBs, and compare the polarization properties of FRB subpopulations and FRBs with Galactic pulsars. Although FRB polarization fractions are typically higher than those of Galactic pulsars, and cover a wider range than those of pulsar single pulses, they resemble those of the youngest (characteristic ages <105 yr) pulsars. Our results support a scenario wherein FRB emission is intrinsically highly linearly polarized, and propagation effects can result in conversion to circular polarization and depolarization. Young pulsar emission and magnetospheric propagation geometries may form a useful analogy for the origin of FRB polarization.
Computational simulation of the heat and mass transfer processes occurring in the containment of Novovoronezh NPP II’s units 1 and 2
Authors: Soloviev Sergey L. , Shishov Andrey V. , Povarov Vladimir P. , Yaurov Sergey V.
Published: March 2024

The paper presents information on the key approaches to the design of the containment ventilation system for units 1 and 2 of Novovoronezh NPP II (NPP-2006 project). The authors have developed a CFD model for the containment of Novovoronezh NPP II’s units 1 and 2, which includes the key structural components and the basic equipment installed within the containment. A series of the containment air temperature measurements was undertaken during power operation of the units. Based on the measured temperature values, a series of calculations was undertaken to determine the air temperature field inside the containment. It is revealed that when ensuring the design characteristics of the cooling capacity of the ventilation system stages, the design parameters of the containment air, wall and equipment temperature are achieved. In addition, with proper mixing of the containment air, it is possible to significantly reduce the average air temperature in the most “hot” rooms. Based on the calculation results, causes have been identified for the low efficiency of the ventilation system, and specific measures have been proposed for increasing significantly the system capacity. The proposed approach to determining the characteristics of ventilation systems using modern methods of three-dimensional computational hydro-gas dynamics makes it possible to optimize and modernize existing ventilation systems, as well as to assess the efficiency of ventilation at the design stage of nuclear power plants. The developed and proposed CFD model makes it possible to do this at the modern level without resorting to bench/experimental modeling issues.
Effect of Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. on body weight and Leptin/Ghrelin in standard and high-fat diet
Authors: Issa Reem , Abu Samak Mahmoud , Abbas Manal M. , Al-Qaisi Talal , Obeidat Razan , Ghanim Bayan , Qinna Nidal
Published: March 2024

The necessity of maintaining healthy habits, diet and minimal medical complications is challenging. The current study investigates Equisetum ramosissimum on levels of leptin, ghrelin, and their ratio in association with body weight changes in animals receiving standard and high-fat diet. Ethanolic extract was prepared by maceration and total phenols and flavonoids contents were determined using Folin-cicalto and AlCl3 methods. Study animals were fed with either standard or high-fat diets prior treatment with E. ramosissimum extract (500mg/kg). Body weights were monitored and serum concentrations of leptin, ghrelin and their ratios were determined. The plant extract comprised total phenols and flavonoids of 0.03 ± 0.01 mg/mg as Gallic acid, and 0.04 ± 0.03 mg/mg as quercetin, respectively. Findings revealed significant decrease in body weights of standard-diet animals and restoration of weight to normal after treatment with extract along with significant increase in serum ghrelin concentrations with strong correlation R and R2 values in respect to body weight. As well, significant reduction in serum leptin/ghrelin ratio was positively correlated with body weight and serum leptin levels. E. ramosissimum extract possessed promising characteristics on being introduced in dietary supplements and weight control regimens. The current study presented the influence of extract in decreasing body weight in animals fed with standard diet. Moreover, it restored the weights of obese animals which received the extract after gaining weight and being on high-fat diet. Further preclinical studies are warranted to reveal the translational potentials of E. ramosissimum extract and its vital effect on adipokines.
L’École et la francophonie ou le miroir à deux faces
Authors: Chanet Jean-François
Published: March 2024

Il est d’usage aujourd’hui de distinguer en Jules Ferry le bon et le mauvais, « le bâtisseur de cette grande maison commune qu’est l’École de la République », pour reprendre, dans leur transcription officielle, les mots du président François Hollande le jour de son investiture, le 15 mai 2012, et le défenseur de la colonisation, qui fut « une faute morale et politique » et « doit, à ce titre, être condamnée ». À dire vrai, il n’avait pas fallu attendre cet hommage sélectif pour que l’entreprise de déconstruction de notre « roman national » s’étendît jusqu’à « l’École de la République » elle-même, à son caractère structurellement inégalitaire et à son moralisme envahissant. La recherche historique n’est pas une entreprise de réhabilitation, même quand la déconstruction suscite une légende dorée en réaction contre le livre noir. Mais ses acquis obligent à admettre que c’est de cette III e République démonétisée que vient l’idée de la francophonie, plus précisément le lien entre la francophonie et l’École tel qu’on peut encore à la fois le célébrer comme héritage et le promouvoir en tant que projet. S’il est certain qu’au xix e siècle les efforts pour développer l’instruction populaire et conquérir des terres lointaines ont précédé l’installation des républicains au pouvoir, il n’est pas moins vrai que la simultanéité, sous la III e République, de l’expansion scolaire et de l’agrandissement colonial a produit, dans notre imaginaire national, une mythologie impériale durablement prégnante au siècle suivant. Beaucoup a été dit là-dessus et nous n’apporterons ici rien de nouveau. Tout au plus proposons-nous de regarder de plus près la manière dont les deux processus ont été entrelacés, les transferts de méthodes et de débats qui se sont produits de l’un à l’autre, car la connaissance et l’enseignement de cette histoire peuvent ne pas être dépourvus de sens dans l’élaboration d’une politique d’éducation francophone pour notre temps et les adaptations qu’elle réclame aux réalités du monde contemporain.
Économistes et experts : généalogie d’une influence francophone sur la coopération internationale en matière d’éducation pour tous
Authors: Coustère Paul
Published: March 2024

Depuis les années 1990, il est possible de tracer une généalogie des paradigmes et méthodes d’économie de l’éducation développés par de l’expertise française et francophone, et dont l’influence reste profonde, quoique fréquemment confondue avec le corpus général des approches et pratiques des institutions de la coopération éducative internationale. Cette généalogie particulière témoigne d’une capacité de la francophonie institutionnelle, dans ses principes comme dans son fonctionnement, à servir d’incubateur à des approches novatrices.