bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Survey of Family /Community involvement in Schools’ Health Planning and Policymaking
Authors: Khodayari-Zarnaq Rahim , Torkzadeh Leila , Heydari Somayeh , Rahmani Hojjat , Mir Nazanin , Jalilian Habib
Published: October 2021

Background: Schools play a crucial role in developing a healthy lifestyle and community participation, especially family participation, which is essential to schools’ success in achieving this role. This study aimed to examine the family/community involvement in schools’ health planning and policymaking from the principal and lead health education teacher in Tabriz, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016. The statistical population included all school principals and lead health education teachers in Tabriz, Iran. A total of 93 schools were included. A systematic random sampling method was used for data collection. Data were collected using the School Health Profiles. The content validity of the profile was revised by an expert involved in school health. The questionnaire’s reliability was calculated by internal consistency and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Data were analyzed using SPSS22. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests were applied to examine the difference between the type of school (in terms of ownership, gender, and grade) and the school’s percentage that attracts family/community participation.
Results: According to the results, only 53.80 % of schools actively collaborated with students’ families in developing and implementing policies and programs related to health school. The majority of schools (83.30 %) provided parents with educational content on nutrition and healthy eating, while only 40 % of them provided parents with educational content on HIV prevention, STD prevention, teen pregnancy prevention, and asthma. Moreover, more than 50 % of schools worked with other staff groups about health education activities. In most schools (73.30 %), health education teachers worked with physical education staff, while in 53.30 % of them, health education teachers worked with nutrition or service staff on health education activities
Conclusion: Given a low percentage of school and family/community partnerships in school health-promotion programs in most dimensions, comprehensive and integrative planning must be implemented to create engagement and collaboration with other community sectors.
Job Burnout Status andAnd its Relationship with Resilience Level of Healthcare Workers during Covid-19 Pandemic: A Case of Southern Iran
Authors: Yusefi Ali Reza , Faryabi Reza , Bordbar Shima , Daneshi Salman , Nikmanesh Parnian
Published: October 2021

Background and Purpose: COVID-19 could be a threat to healthcare workers' mental health. This study was conducted to investigate job burnout and its relationship with the resilience level of the personnel in the COVID-19 treatment hospital in southern Iran.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 on 496 personnel of Hazrat Ali Asghar (AS) Hospital selected as the center of COVID-19 in southern Iran. The participants of the study were selected using the census. Data collection tools were the standard Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Data analysis was performed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression in SPSS23 at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The mean scores of job burnout and resilience were 76.95 ± 14.36 (of 132) and 71.21 ± 8.24 (of 125), respectively which indicated the moderate level of these two variables. There was a significant inverse correlation between job burnout and resilience (P<0.001, r= - 0.514). Spiritual influences (P<0.001), perception of competence (P=0.001), positive acceptance of change and secure relationships (P= 0.001), trust in individual instincts (P= 0.02), and control (P= 0.03) of resilience aspects were identified as predictors of job burnout. Additionally, there was a statistically significant relationship between job burnout and gender (P=0.001) and occupational group (P= 0.04); and between resilience and gender (P= 0.02) and with marital status (P= 0.03).
Conclusion: Job burnout status and personnel resilience were at a moderate level. It was recommended to train employees with resilience-enhancing skills employees according to each of their dimensions.
Postburn Hand Deformities: Principles of Management and Approach
Authors: Mokhale Kunal , Khurram Mohd. Fahud , Ahmad Imran , Singh Pankaj , Sharma Girish , Patil Tushar
Published: October 2021

The hand is one of the top 3 locations for burn scar contracture deformity. The functionality of the hands is one of the primary determinants of burns survivors’ quality of life. Although most burn abnormalities are preventable, they do arise when adequate treatment is not delivered in an emergency or when they are part of a major burn. Reconstructive surgeries can significantly improve hand function. For a burn’s survivor, the right methods and timing of surgery, followed by supervised physiotherapy, can be a game changer.
Production and Use of a Shelf-Stable Bovine Blood Powder for Food Fortification as a Food-Based Strategy to Combat Iron Deficiency Anaemia in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors:   Makerere University, Kikafunda Joyce K , Sserumaga P
Published: October 2021

Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most widespread micro-nutrient deficiency disease world-wide, particularly in developing countri es. Although there are several strategies to combat IDA, food-based strate gies are the most sustainabl e and yet little research has been carried out in this area. The study ai med at developing a t echnology for processing and preserving bovine blood into a shelf-stable powder, which would easily be utilised in fortifying commonly consumed food items, as a food-based strategy in the fight against iron deficiency anaemia. A shelf-stable powd er was processed from fresh bovine blood and the physical, chemical, mi crobiological and sh elf-life characterist ics assessed using conventional methods. The resu lts of the chemical analysis showed that bovine blood powder has a very high concentration of ha eme iron at 195.46 mg/100g of powder. This is more than ten times the level of iron in bovine liv er, one of the most commonly used food source of haeme iron whose iron content is only 17 mg/ 100gm of liver. Although microbiological tests carried out on the fres hly processed bl ood powder and on the same powder after one and three months of storage at room temperature found a significant rise in yeast, mould and total plate counts, these values were low and within safe limits. The blood powder was used to fortify a bean sauce. Se nsory analysis panellists considered the fortified bean sauce moderately acceptabl e with a mean score of 4.667 (like slightly) compared to a mean score of 2.333 (like very much) for the non-fortified sauce, on a nine point Hedonic scale. These findings show that pr ocessed bovine blood powder has very high levels of haeme iron and thus has great potential as a food-based strategy to combat iron-defic iency anaemia in resource-p oor developing countries, particularly those in sub-Saharan Africa. Ho wever, more research is needed to improve the microbiological and sensory char acteristics of the blood powder
Spała. Morfologia i funkcja miejscowości wypoczynkowej
Authors: Liszewski Stanisław
Published: October 2021

Artykuł jest przykładem monograficznego opracowania miejscowości turystycznej, która powstała na „surowym korzeniu" jako carska rezydencja myśliwska. Szczegółowej ocenie poddano w nim budowę morfologiczną, zagospodarowanie oraz funkcję turystyczną, którą określono poprzez wszechstronną analizę ruchu turystycznego.
Kenebo shipibo-conibo y noción de espacio topológico en niños de 5 años
Authors: Bada Wendy Nelly
Published: October 2021

Para los shipibo-conibo, la visión de los diseños —o kenebo— es fundamental para entender su relación con lo natural, con lo espiritual y con la noción de su ser en el espacio y tiempo. Para algunos autores, la noción del espacio (NE) en niños de educación inicial mejora con el tiempo y depende del entorno. El objetivo del estudio es determinar la influencia de los kenebos shipibo-conibo sobre la NE en niños de educación inicial. Metodológicamente, la investigación es cuantitativa, aplicada, descriptiva y experimental. La población consistió en 48 niños de dos instituciones educativas de Yarinacocha, Ucayali, Perú, en 2019. Se formaron dos grupos de 24 niños —control y experimental—. El segundo fue intervenido con talleres sobre kenebos shipibo-conibo y con una guía de observación. Se midió el puntaje de competencias sobre la NE en cada grupo con un diseño experimental y pre- y postest. El tratamiento estadístico fue descriptivo e inferencial, basado en medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión. Para la comparación de medianas, se utilizó la prueba U de Mann-Whitney. Para analizar las diferencias entre las distribuciones de las calificaciones, se utilizó la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. En los resultados se determinó que la intervención fue efectiva. Se concluye que el kenebo shipibo-conibo influyó significativamente en las capacidades relativas a la NE.
Implementasi Pelatihan Pemanfaatan TIK Bagi Guru Sekolah Binaan KB Sya’roniyah Purwogondo
Authors: Zulfahmi Muhammad Nofan
Published: October 2021

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is one of the important aspects in online learning for human resources (HR) in the target schools, namely teachers. Management of ICT needs for human resources of teachers in a fostered school (sekolah binaan) can be done by conducting a training. The purpose of this study is to describe the training process carried out by the PGPAUD FTIK Unisnu Jepara school fostering team and the effectiveness of the training activities. This type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Research informants came from KB Sya'roniyah teachers, with 12 people. The types of data used are primary data and secondary data. while, the data collection methods are observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis technique in this research is descriptive analysis with data testing method using triangulation. The results of the study show that the training process for teachers of the Sya'roniyah KB Purwogondo schools had several stages, those are needs analysis, training objectives, and determining the training program material. Evaluation is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the training. Based on the results of the evaluation of the training activities showed a positive response from the training participants. The ICT utilization training attended by the Sya'roniyah KB teacher was effective because the creativity of the teachers in using ICT after attending the training had increased and the level of parental complaints against online learning had also decreased.
Enfermedades genitourinarias en el antiguo Perú
Authors: Paico-Vílchez Emiliano , Paico-Zumaeta Emiliano
Published: October 2021

Los autores presentan las enfermedades genitourinarias que sufrieron los aborígenes peruanos y los métodos que emplearon para curarlas. Se recurre a las representaciones en los ceramios de las culturas Mochica y Virú, y en la información brindada por los cronistas.
Cantantes peruanos de bolero
Authors: Zanutelli-Rosas Manuel
Published: October 2021

Con un estilo periodístico, el autor nos presenta una síntesis biográfica de los cantantes de bolero que estuvieron de moda en nuestro país entre1950 y 1970. El bolero es un género musical de letra simple, lastimera y llorona que nos canta el desamor, el amor imposible, el amor frustrado, la pasión de amar, la obsesión por amar y la esperanza por amar.
La catarsis de la memoria
Authors: Gonzales-Medrano Andrés
Published: October 2021

El autor nos presenta una serie de consideraciones respecto de nuestra memoria y de cómo muchas veces se le privilegia antes que la abstracción y la creatividad, para concluir que lo único que vale la pena memorizar son los momentos que tienen algún significado en nuestra vida, aquellos momentos que nos hacen sentir como humanos.
CORRELATION OF SNACKING FREQUENCY, HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND POCKET MONEY WITH NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN FEMALE ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Rahmawati Dinar Putri , Indarto Dono , Hanim Diffah
Published: October 2021

Nutritional problem that occurs in adolescents due to higher food intake and less physical activity leads to over- nutrition. Other nutritional problems occur among them is micronutrient deﬁciency including anemia, mostly in female adolescents. Higher consumption of energy-dense snacks, low physical activity and more pocket money  have contributed to adolescent’s body weight. This study aims to determine the correlation of frequency of snacking, hemoglobin levels, physical activity, and pocket money with the nutritional status of female adolescents. This cross- sectional study was carried out in 117 female adolescents in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province. Data of snacking frequency was collected using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and hemoglobin level were measured using a Hematology Analyzer. Physical activity data were collected using the IPAQ questionnaire (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) and were converted to Metabolic Equivalent Tasks (METs). Normally distributed data then analyzed using Pearson test and Spearman test for not normally distributed data to determine correlation between independent with dependent variables and followed by the multiple linear regression test if the p-value < 0.25. Most female adolescents had normal nutritional status, but 6.8% and 17.9% female adolescents were overweight and obesity, respectively. The frequency of snacking (r = 0.207, p = 0.025), physical activity (r = -0.201, p = 0.030), pocket money (r = 0.283, p = 0.002) and hemoglobin level (r = 0.150, p = 0.107) were not correlated with nutritional status. In conclusion, frequency of snacks, physical activity, and pocket money were signiﬁcantly correlated with nutritional status in female adolescents but no correlation with hemoglobin level.
THE ASSOCIATION OF FAMILY SUPPORT IN FULFILLING HEALTHY NUTRITIOUS FOODS, PROTEIN AND MICRONUTRIENT INTAKE WITH HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS AMONG ELDERLY
Authors: Wiyani Luberta Ebta , Hanim Diffah , Indarto Dono
Published: October 2021

The elderly usually accompanied by many impairments due to decline in organ functioning which have a great impact on their daily intake and leads to anemia. Many elderlies also have mobility impairment which make them become more dependent and need supports from their family. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship of family support, the daily intake of protein, iron, vitamin C with hemoglobin levels in elderly. This observational analytic study with cross-sectional design was performed in 185 elderlies aged 60-79 years determined using the OpenEpi program. Subjects collected by simple random sampling from chosen Posyandu in Klaten and Sragen districts. The data on daily intake and family support in fulﬁlling healthy nutritious foods were collected by using a 2x24-hour food recall form and a modiﬁed questionnaire from Hanim’s study. Hemoglobin levels were measured from venous blood using Cyanmethhemoglobin method. The data were analyzed using the Pearson test and Multiple Linear Regression test. The prevalence of mild anemia was found in 10.27% women and 5.41% men. Family support (b=0.09, 95%CI:0.003- 0.18), protein intake (b=0.41, 95%CI:0.25-0.57), iron intake (b=0.19, 95%CI:0.96-0.29), vitamin C intake (b=0.10, 95%CI:0.02-0.41) were signiﬁcantly associated with hemoglobin levels (p<0.05). To conclude, suﬃcient family support, adequate intake of protein, iron and vitamin C are associated to higher hemoglobin levels.
EFFECT OF RED MULBERRY JUICE (MORUS RUBRA) ON THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN MALE WISTAR RATS DUE TO EXPOSURE TO CIGARETTE SMOKE
Authors: Suryadinata Rivan Virlando , Adriani Merryana , Sardjono Stefani Cornelia
Published: October 2021

The increasing number of tobacco users will directly impact to an increase in the number of passive smokers. Various harmful substances that enter the respiratory tract can cause health problems. The airway will recognize these substances as pathogen and activate immune response accordingly. Inﬂammatory response becomes one of the eﬀects of body compensation due to an increased pathogen. This eﬀect is indicated by the elevation of C-Reactive Protein as one systemic inﬂammatory response parameters in the body. This study aimed to determine the eﬃcacy of red mulberry juice to reduce levels of C-Reactive Protein in Wistar rats because exposure to cigarette smoke. This is an experimental study with a post-test control group design. Animals were divided into negative control group, positive control group, and 3 treatment groups with diﬀerent red mulberry doses. The positive control group showed the highest increase   in C-Reactive Protein levels compared with the red mulberry intake group (p<0,001). In conclusion, the administration of red mulberry juice can reduce inﬂammatory response in rats because of exposure to cigarette smoke.
DIETARY INTAKE AND SUN EXPOSURE RELATED TO VITAMIN D CONCENTRATION IN THALASSEMIA PATIENTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Herawati Yesi , Nugraha Gaga Irawan , Gurnida Dida Akhmad
Published: October 2021

Vitamin D has an important role in calcium homeostasis and bone minerals during rapid growth periods. Several studies have shown that deﬁciency of vitamin D occurs in thalassemia patient. The study used literature review to determine relation of dietary intake and sun exposure with vitamin D concentration in thalassemia patiens in 29 literatures. Those literatures were taken from books and articles published from 2010 to 2019 with the keywords “thalassemia”, “dietary intake”, “sun exposure” and “vitamin D” using database in Pubmed, Google Scholar and Medline. The results of 29 literatures showed that vitamin D deﬁciency is caused by reduced dietary intake and impaired vitamin D hydroxylation in the liver due to hemochromatosis resulting in high serum ferritin. Source of vitamin D comes from endogenous synthesis with sunlight exposure and little dietary source of vitamin D2 and vitamin D3. Another food intake can also aﬀect serum vitamin D concentration, mainly fat and protein intake. Vitamin D is fat soluble vitamin, it can    be stored in the fat for later metabolized in the liver. Protein is required to transport vitamin D to blood circulation, enzyme formation and vitamin D receptor (VDR). Thalassemia patients need to increase of macro and micronutrients requirement. Low Hb concentration causes fatigue, tired easily and decreased appetite. A lot of research on thalassemia children found that intake of energy and protein were lower than recommended and lack of sun exposure. These conditions will aﬀect to vitamin D concentration. A comprehensive understanding in the relationship of dietary intake and sun exposure to vitamin D concentration in thalassemia patients is explained in this mini review. Maintaining normal vitamin D concentration through adequate dietary intake and sun exposure are very important to optimize growth in thalassemia patients.
UJI EFEKTIFITAS SINBIOTIK KEFIR TEPUNG PISANG BATU TERHADAP KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH DAN KADAR PROFIL LIPID TIKUS MODEL SINDROM METABOLIK Eﬀectiveness Test of banana (Musa balbisiana) Flour Kefir Synbiotic on Blood Glucose Level and Lipid Profile Level in Metabolic Syndrome Rats Model
Authors: Maryusman Taufik , Dien Christine Diane , Mail Santi Herlina
Published: October 2021

Metabolic Syndrome is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and dyslipidemia which can be repaired through synbiotics. This study is to analyzed the eﬀects of banana (Musa balbisiana) flour kefir synbiotic on blood glucose level and lipid profile level of Metabolic Syndrome rats. This is true experimental study with pre-posttest with control goup design of 24 male Sprague Dawley rats which were divided into 4 groups randomly. Negative control goup (K-) given standard food only, positive control group (K +) given standard food with High Fat Fructose Diet (HFFD), intervention group I (PI) and intervention group II (PII) were given standard food with HFFD and banana (Musa balbisiana) flour kefir synbiotic 1,8 ml/200 g weight/day (PI) and 3,6 ml/200 g weight/day (PII) for three weeks. Blood glucose level was analyzed using glucose oxidase-peroxidase amino antipyrine method, cholesterol level was analyzed using cholesterol oxidase-peroxidase amino antipyrine, and triglyceride level was analyze using glycerol 3 phosphate oxidase phenol amino phenazone method. Result of Analysis of Varian test shows significant diﬀerences in mean between group (p=0,000) followed by PostHoc Bonferroni test or Post Hoc Games-Howel test which showed a mean diﬀerence in the PI and PII groups. Banana (Musa balbisiana) flour kefir synbiotic can reduce blood glucose level and improve lipid profile level.
Dever de distinguishing como requisito da fundamentação da decisão judicial-penal à luz da Lei nº 13.964/2019
Authors: Oliveira Neto Emetério Silva de
Published: October 2021

O presente estudo tem por escopo analisar a adoção da sistemática do distinguishing nas decisões judiciais-penais, tendo por base a noção de precedente judicial e as implicações da influência do modelo de Common Law nas estruturas dogmáticas do direito processual brasileiro. Parte-se da premissa de que a fundamentação da decisão judicial constitui garantia do cidadão delineada na Constituição federal de 1988, melhor explicitada na ordem infraconstitucional pelo Código de Processo Civil de 2015 e pela Lei nº 13.964/2019, que modificou o Código de Processo Penal, trazendo os elementos que tornam a motivação adequada. O texto demonstra que um desses elementos é a técnica do distinguishing, de capital importância nos julgamentos criminais, ressaltando, por fim, que a necessidade de celeridade nos julgamentos dos processos judiciais não permite o uso indiscriminado da Inteligência Artificial, mormente quando em questão a liberdade ambulatória do cidadão, a ser definida com base na técnica do distinguishing.
Management, Pest and Diseases of Stingless Bee (Trigona iridipennis Smith) with a Special Focus to Kerala, India
Authors: K. S. Jagadish Prem Jose Vazhacharickal , G.B. Anil G. Eswarappa
Published: October 2021

Stingless bees are highly social insects which populated the tropical earth 65 million years ago longer than honey bees. They are limited to tropics and subtropics lacking venom apparatus and cannot sting. Impacts of anthropogenic influences on honey bees were already reported. Recent studies also showed that the nesting behaviour of Trigona (Tetragonula) iridipennis Smith in natural habitat also vary due to interaction, pheromones and environmental stimulus. Trigona iridipennis Smith shows great diversity in plant selection for dietary as well as resin sources. The shift towards ornamental plants for foraging may be an adaptation evolved in response to human modification of the environment. The bees collect resin from a variety of sources for building nest, its maintenance and also for defence. Bee traffic is found to be related to time, season, and strength of the colony. The adult black soldier fly, H. illucens fly which thrived on decaying organic matter occasionally found entry into the stingless bee hives through the entrance tube, especially on weak colonies. The adult fly did not feed on the brood, pollen and honey pots but the larval stage of the pest damaged the colonies. The nitidulid beetle Aethina sp. damaged brood cells, pollen and honey pots. The study also highlights the various food sources of Trigona iridipennis Smith in Kerala which can be further explored for flourishing meliponiculture.
Influence of Slope Gradient on Coffee Soil Fertility in Goma Woreda of Oromia Region
Authors: Kedir Mohammed
Published: October 2021

This study was to evaluate the influence slope gradient on coffee soil fertility. Accordingly, soil samples, and field history was collected from 10 coffee farms during pinhead phase. Soil samples collected from 0-30 cm depth were prepared and analyzed in the laboratory following standard procedures. For data analysis, one-way ANOVA was used. The results revealed that coffee cultivations have practiced under wide range of slope gradients in study sites. Variations in slope gradients significantly influenced the coffee soil fertility. Consequently, OM, clay, CEC, available P, Mg and Na generally showed a decreasing trend with increasing slope gradient, whereas sand was opposite. For sound conclusion, appropriate soil and water conservation measures, N, P, K, organic fertilizers are recommended for future work.
Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Agronomic Growth and Soil Properties of Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) at Jimma, Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Kedir Obsa Atnafu , Meseret Nugusie Ewnetu Teshale
Published: October 2021

A field experiment was conducted at Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Agaro Agricultural Research Sub Center, southwestern Ethiopia for five consecutive cropping seasons from 2015/16 to 2019/20 to evaluate effect of organic (conventional compost) and inorganic NP fertilizers on agronomic growth and soil properties of coffee (Coffea arabica L.). The treatments consisted of 100% recommended decomposed coffee husk alone, 100% recommended NP rate alone, 100% of NP + 25% of compost (DCH), 75% of NP + 50% of compost (DCH), 50% of NP + 50% of compost (DCH), 50% of NP + 75% of compost (DCH), 25% of NP + 75% of compost (DCH), 25% of NP + 100% of compost (DCH) and Control (without input, farmers’ practice). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Higher yield of clean coffee yield was obtained from the application of 50% dose of nitrogen and phosphorous from inorganic fertilizer sources and 50% dose of decomposed coffee husk (2083.5kg ha-1) while the lowest clean coffee yield (1570.5kg ha-1) was obtained from no application of fertilizers. Application of organic fertilizers (compost) with inorganic fertilizers gave statistically similar yield components to NP fertilizer alone for five years. Significant differences (p>0.05) due to soil nutrient sources were observed in coffee height where inorganic fertilizer treatment resulted in tallest coffee plants (348.23 cm) and no application of nutrients having the shortest coffee trees (200.49 cm) after two year. Lower yield and yield components of Limu1 coffee were achieved from no application of organic and inorganic fertilizer sources. In conclusion, organic fertilizers (conventional compost) alone cannot provide a viable substitute for inorganic fertilizer without causing a significant yield. Therefore, integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers was recommended for coffee production at Jimma, southwestern Ethiopia and other similar agro ecology.
Effect of Plant Spacing on Yield and Yield Components of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivars at Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia
Authors: Tsigereda Asefa Taye Buke , Woelore Woldemariam
Published: October 2021

Potato is a very important food and cash crop in Ethiopia, especially in the high and mid altitude areas. It is important to choose and adjust potato cultivars with appropriate population per unit area to get for better yield and quality. This experiment was conducted with the objective to determine appropriate plant spacing for different potato cultivar at Wolaita Sodo during belg cropping season. The experiment was arranged in a Factorial combination of three plant spacing (60 x 30, 75, x 30 and 90x 30 cm), and four potato cultivars (Belete, Gudene, Chala and Local) in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results revealed that both the main effect of cultivars and plant spacing significantly (P < 0.05) affected yield and yield components of potato while their interaction is non-significant (P > 0.05) for most of the parameters considered. Days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, leaf area index, total tuber yield (TTY), average tuber weight per plant, marketable tuber yield (MTY),unmarketable tuber numbers, dry matter content and harvest index were significantly affected by main effect of cultivar and plant spacing. Days to 50% emergency and stem number per hill were influenced only by the main effect cultivar. Whereas, marketable tuber numbers and total tuber numbers were significantly affected by the interaction effects of cultivars and plant spacing .Total tuber yield 34.40 t/ha) and marketable tuber yield (29.31 t/ha) of cultivar Gudene were significantly higher than TTY (23.71 t/ha) and MTY (18.43 t/ha) of Local cultivars. Cultivar Gudene produced 45.08%, 17.96% and 6.6 % more TTY over Local, Chala and Belete respectively. However, the result was statistically in par with cultivar Belete. Cultivar Gudene and Belete produced more than one fold MTY over Local cultivar. Regarding spacing, the highest total tuber and marketable tuber yield recorded from 60cm inter row spacing and the lowest from 90cm and 75cm inter row spacing resulted intermediate yield. Therefore, from this study, it can be concluded Gudane and Belete cultivars at a plant spacing of 60 x 30 cm and 75 x 30 cm resulted in highest marketable tuber yield could be recommended to potato growers in the study.
The Mediating Role of Gender, Age, COVID-19 Symptoms and Changing of Mansion on the Mental Health of Healthcare Workers Operating in Italy during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Gambaro Eleonora , Gramaglia Carla , Marangon Debora , Azzolina Danila , Probo Manuela , Rudoni Marco , Zeppegno Patrizia
Published: October 2021

The COVID19 pandemic tested the performance of hospitals and intensive care units around the world. Health care workers (HCWs) have been used to develop mental symptoms, but this was especially true during the COVID19 pandemic when HCWs must deal with many other sources of stress and anxiety that can usually be avoided, and long-term shifts and unprecedented population restrictions have weakened people's ability to cope with stress. The research aims to observe the dynamic interplay between burnout, depression, distress, and anxiety in HCWs working in various settings, with specific a focus on Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a diminished sense of personal achievement in mediating a worst mental health status during the first wave of the COVID19 pandemic in Italy. To analyze that we performed a mediation analysis, from which resulted a strong correlation among depression, psychological distress, health perception and anxiety, and the impact of job burnout on anxiety, depression, and distress. Gender seemed to have a strong correlation with burnout, anxiety, and distress; the impact of COVID19 pandemic on Quality of Life seemed to affect anxiety and depression; the changing of mansion influenced depression and job burnout. Encouraging supportive and educational strategies would certainly be recommended to policy makers.
Hyaluronate-Thiol Passivation Enhances Gold Nanoparticle Peritumoral Distribution When Administered Intratumorally in Lung Cancer
Authors: Terracciano Rossana , Carcamo-Bahena Yareli , Butler E. Brian , Demarchi Danilo , Grattoni Alessandro , Filgueira Carly S.
Published: October 2021

Biofouling is the unwanted adsorption of cells, proteins, or intracellular and extracellular bio-molecules that can spontaneously occur on the surface of metal nanocomplexes. It represents a major issue in bioinorganic chemistry because it leads to the creation of a protein corona, which can destabilize a colloidal solution and result in undesired macrophage-driven clearance, consequently causing failed delivery of a targeted drug-cargo. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a bioactive, natural mucopolysaccharide with excellent antifouling properties, arising from its hydrophilic and polyanionic characteristics in physiological environments which prevent opsonization. In this study, hyaluronate-thiol (HA-SH) (MW 10 kDa) was used to surface-passivate gold nanoparticles (GNPs) synthesized using a citrate reduction method. HA functionalized GNP complexes (HA-GNPs) were characterized using absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, zeta potential, and dynamic light scattering. GNP cellular uptake and potential dose-dependent cytotoxic effects due to treatment were evaluated in vitro in HeLa cells using ICP-OES and Trypan blue and MTT assays. Further, we quantified the in vivo biodistribution of intratumorally injected HA functionalized GNPs in Lewis Lung carcinoma (LLC) solid tumors grown on the flank of C57BL/6 mice and compared localization and retention with nascent particles. Our results reveal that HA-GNPs show overall greater peritumoral distribution (**p<0.005, 3 days post-intratumoral injection) than citrate-GNPs with reduced biodistribution in off-target organs. This property represents an advantageous step forward in localized delivery of metal nano-complexes to the infiltrative region of a tumor, which may improve the application of nanomedicine in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
Personalized 1-2-3-Gene(s) Tickets to Cancer-Free Prostate
Authors: Iacobas Sanda , Iacobas Dumitru A.
Published: October 2021

Many years and $$$ spent for research did not yet produced a universally effective gene therapy of prostate cancer (PCa). Our studies indicated that not only each human, but even each cancer nodule in the same tumor has unique and dynamic gene expression profile, control and coordination. The tumor heterogeneity of the transcriptome topology is a strong argument in favor of personalized gene therapies, tailored on patients’ primary tumor unique characteristics. Here, we propose a bioinformatics procedure by which to identify the Gene Master Regulators (GMR) of cancer cells from transcriptomic data and predict consequences of their experimental manipulation. The procedure, based on our Genomic Fabric Paradigm (GFP), can determine the most important gene in each cancer nodule whose controlled alteration would selectively kill the cancer cells. In this report, the method is applied to our microarray data on two men PCs (each with three distinct cancer nodules) and two standard human PCa cell lines (DU145 and LNCaP). We expect the industry to produce ready-to-use CRISPR constructs for all genes allowing the clinical oncologist to prescribe the adequate personalized CRISPR cocktail for his/her patient. Thus, the GMR approach may provide the most effective, yet affordable solution in fighting cancer.
Human Brown Adipose Tissue and Metabolic Health: Potential for Therapeutic Avenues
Authors: Singh Rajan , Barrios Albert , Dirakvand Golnaz , Pervin Shehla
Published: October 2021

Obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities comprise of a cluster of conditions including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases that has affected more than 650 million people all over the globe. Obesity results from accumulation of white adipose tissues mainly due to the chronic imbalance of energy intake and energy expenditure. Variety of approaches to treat or prevent obesity, including lifestyle interventions, surgical weight loss procedures and pharmacological approaches to reduce energy intake and increase energy expenditure have failed to substantially decrease the prevalence of obesity. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), the primary source of thermogenesis in infants and small mammals may represent a promising therapeutic target to treat obesity by promoting energy expenditure through non-shivering thermogenesis mediated by mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Since the confirmation of functional BAT in adult humans by several groups, approximately a decade ago and its association with a favorable metabolic phenotype, intense interest on the significance of BAT in adult human physiology and metabolic health has emerged within the scientific community to explore its therapeutic potential for the treatment of obesity and metabolic diseases. Substantially decreased BAT activity in individuals with obesity indicates a role for BAT in setting of human obesity. On the other hand, BAT mass and its prevalence has been reported to correlate with lower body mass index (BMI), decreased age and glucose levels, leading to lower incidence of cardio metabolic diseases. Increased cold exposure in adult humans with undetectable BAT was associated with decreased body fat mass and increased insulin sensitivity. Deeper understanding of the role of BAT in human metabolic health and its inter-relationship with body fat distribution and deciphering proper strategies to increase energy expenditure by either increasing functional BAT mass, or inducing white adipose browning holds the promise for possible therapeutic avenues for the treatment of obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
Low Calcium Cave Dripwaters in a High CO2 Environment: Formation and Development of Corrosion Cups in Postojna Cave, Slovenia
Authors: Kukuljan Lovel , Gabrovšek Franci , Johnston Vanessa E.
Published: October 2021

Speleothems have proven to be one of the most reliable terrestrial archives for palaeoclimate research. However, due to the complexity of karst systems, long-term monitoring and high-resolution analyses of the cave atmosphere and water geochemistry have become essential to better constrain the factors that control calcite growth and how geochemical palaeoclimate proxies are encoded into speleothems. While calcite precipitation incorporates the palaeoclimate signals into the speleothem fabric, certain conditions in caves can favour dissolution, which may form hiatuses or even destroy these signals. In extreme cases, in-cave dissolution by dripwater can form cup-shaped features (i.e., corrosion cups), which were the main focus of this study. The study site in Postojna Cave, Slovenia, was investigated through cave climate monitoring and drip and cup water sampling, which took place during 2017–2021. We found that the cups are fed by low calcium drips as the consequence of the thin vadose zone above the cave. Due to the specific configuration of airflow pathways, the study site accumulates high levels of CO2 (>10,000 ppm), which shifts low calcium dripwater into undersaturation. This causes dissolution on rock surfaces and speleothems on the cave floor. The results of this study have broader significance in addressing the suitability of cave environments and speleothems used in paleoclimate research.
Uveal Melanoma Metastasis
Authors: Rossi Ernesto , Croce Michela , Reggiani Francesco , Schinzari Giovanni , Ambrosio Marianna , Gangemi Rosaria , Tortora Giampaolo , Pfeffer Ulrich , Amaro Adriana
Published: October 2021

Uveal melanoma (UM) is characterized by relatively few, highly incident molecular alterations and their association with metastatic risk is deeply understood. Nevertheless, this knowledge has so far not led to innovate therapies for the successful treatment of UM metastases or for adjuvant therapy, leaving survival after diagnosis of metastatic UM almost unaltered in decades. The driver mutations of UM, mainly in the G-protein genes GNAQ and GNA11, activate the MAP-kinase pathway as well as the YAP/TAZ pathway. At present, there are no drugs that target the latter and this likely explains the failure of MEK-inhibitors. Immune checkpoint blockers, despite the game changing effect in cutaneous melanoma (CM) show only marginal effects in UM probably because of the low mutational burden of 0.5 per megabase and the unavailability of antibodies targeting the main immune checkpoint active in UM. The highly pro-tumorigenic microenvironment of UM also contributes to therapy resistance. However, T-cell redirection by a soluble T cell receptor that is fused to an anti-CD3 single-chain variable fragment, local, liver specific therapy, new immune checkpoint blockers and YAP/TAZ specific drugs give new hope to repeat the success of innovative therapy obtained for CM.
Condition-Specific Competitive Effects of the Invasive Mosquito Aedes albopictus on the Resident Culex pipiens Among Different Urban Container Habitats May Explain Their Coexistence in the Field
Authors: Leisnham Paul T , LaDeau Shannon L , Saunders Megan EM , Villena Oswaldo C
Published: October 2021

Condition-specific competition, when environmental conditions alter the outcome of competition, can foster the persistence of resident species after the invasion of a competitively superior invader. We test whether condition-specific competition can facilitate the areawide persistence of the resident and principal West Nile virus vector mosquito Culex pipiens with the competitively superior invasive, Aedes albopictus, in water from different urban container habitats. (2) Methods: We tested the effects of manipulated numbers of A. albopictus on C. pipiens survival and development in water collected from common functional and discarded containers in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The experiment was conducted with typical numbers of larvae found in field surveys of C. pipiens and A. albopictus and container water quality. (3) Results: We found increased densities of A. albopictus negatively affected the survivorship and development of C. pipiens in water from discarded containers but had little effect in water from functional containers. This finding was driven by water from trash cans, which allowed consistently higher C. pipiens survival and development and had greater mean ammonia and nitrate concentrations that can promote microbial food than other container types. (4) Conclusions: These results suggest that the contents of different urban containers alter the effects of invasive A. albopictus competition on resident C. pipiens, that trash cans, in particular, facilitate the persistence of C. pipiens, and that there could be implications for West Nile virus risk as a result.
Chitosan-Based Thermo-Responsive Scaffold for Wound Heal-ing Provides Dexketoprofen Trometamol Controlled Release for 24 Hour-Use
Authors: Castillo-Henríquez Luis , Sanabria-Espinoza Pablo , Murillo-Castillo Brayan , Montes de Oca- Vásquez Gabriela , Batista-Menezes Diego , Calvo-Guzmán Briner , Ramírez-Arguedas Nils , Vega-Baudrit José
Published: October 2021

Chronic and non-healing wounds demand personalized and more effective therapies for treating complications and improve patient adherence. This work aims to develop a suitable chitosan-based scaffold to provide 24 hours controlled release of DKT, by taking advantage of chitosan’s thermo-responsive behavior as well as local hyperthermia in wounds. Three formulation prototypes were developed using chitosan (F1), 2:1 chitosan: PVA (F2), and 1:1 chitosan:gelatin (F3). Compatibility tests were done by DSC, TG, and IR spectroscopy. SEM was employed to examine the morphology of the surface and inner layers from the scaffolds. In vitro release studies were performed at 32 °C and 38 °C to evaluate the release profiles, which were later adjusted to different kinetic models for the best formulation. F3 showed the most controlled release of DKT at 32 °C for 24 hours (77.75 ± 2.72 %), and reduced the burst release in the initial 6 hours (40.18 ± 1.00 %), while at 38 °C the release reached 88.52 ± 2.07 % at 12 hours. The release profile for this formulation fits with Hixson-Crowell and Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic models at both temperatures. Therefore, the developed chitosan/gelatin thermo-responsive scaffold provides a suitable system for wound healing with a controlled release of DKT for 24 hour-use, which can overcome adherence issues and wound complications.
Fully Metallic Reflectarray for the Ku-band Based on a 3D Architecture
Authors: Velasco Jaime , Ignacio Parellada-Serrano , Carlos Molero
Published: October 2021

This document presents the design and manufacture of a reflectarray (RA) antenna for the Ku-band, based on a fully-metallic 3D architecture. The reflectarray unit cell is formed by a square-shaped waveguide section ended in a short circuit, that is the reflectarray back ground plane. Each cell has the ability of configuring the phase of its own reflected field by means of resonators perforated on the walls of the cell waveguide section. The resonator-based waveguide cell introduces the 3D character to the design. The geometry of the resonators and its size variation introduces the phase behaviour of each cell, conforming the radiation pattern of the reflectarray. This design explores the potential of phase value truncation (6 states and 2 states), and demonstrates that proper pattern results can be obtained with this phase truncation.
Sensing and Responding to Hypersaline Conditions and the HOG Signal Transduction Pathway in Fungi Isolated from Hypersaline Environments: Hortaea werneckii and Wallemia ichthyophaga
Authors: Plemenitaš Ana
Published: October 2021

Sensing and responding to changes in NaCl concentration in hypersaline environments is vital for cell survival. We have identified and characterized key components of the high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signal transduction pathway, which is crucial in sensing hypersaline conditions in the extremely halotolerant black yeast Hortaea werneckii and in the obligate halophilic fungus Wallemia ichthyophaga. Both organisms were isolated from solar salterns, their predominating ecological niche. The identified components included homologous proteins of both branches involved in sensing high osmolarity (SHO1 and SLN1) and the homologues of mitogen-activated protein kinase module (MAPKKK Ste11, MAPKK Pbs2, and MAPK Hog1). Functional complementation of the identified gene products in S. cerevisiae mutant strains revealed some of their functions. Structural protein analysis demonstrated important structural differences in the HOG pathway components between halotolerant/halophilic fungi isolated from solar salterns, salt-sensitive S. cerevisiae, the extremely salt-tolerant H. werneckii, and halophilic W. ichthyophaga. Known and novel gene targets of MAP kinase Hog1 were uncovered particularly in halotolerant H. werneckii. Molecular studies of many salt-responsive proteins confirm unique and novel mechanisms of adaptation to changes in salt concentration.
Reflectometry Study of the Pyroelectric Effect on Proton-Exchange Channel Waveguides in Lithium Niobate
Authors: Ponomarev Roman , Konstantinov Yuri , Lobach Ivan , Belokrylov Maxim , Shevtsov Denis
Published: October 2021

This work is devoted to the study of the pyroelectric effect on the qualities of optical waveguides formed in a lithium niobate crystal by proton exchange. In the present work, we investigated the cessation effect of the radiation channeling during thermocycling of Y-splitters samples. We examined the spectral dependence of optical losses on a wavelength using an optical spectrum analyzer. The results demonstrate that in the range of 1530–1570 nm, all wavelengths are suppressed equally. The optical reflectometry method in the frequency domain shows that the increase of optical losses is observed along the entire waveguide, but not only at the Y-distribution point, as supposed earlier.