bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peculiaritie of Polarization Waves Behavior under Excitation of an Extended Resonant Medium by Overlapping Extremely Short Light Pulses
Authors: Arkhipov M. V.  , Arkhipov R. M.  , Rosanov N. N.
Published: February 2023

With the coherent interaction of a sequence of extremely short light pulses with a resonant medium (when the duration of the pulses and the delays between them are shorter than the relaxation times of the population difference T1 and polarization T2 of the medium), it is possible to create spatial electromagnetically induced gratings (EMIG) of polarization and population difference in the medium, as well as their ultrafast control. The dynamics of such gratings is of interest in connection with the possibility of ultrafast control over the properties of a medium at times of the order of the pulse duration and their influence on the stability of generation of extremely short pulses in a laser with a short linear cavity. In this paper, based on the numerical solution of the system of Maxwell-Bloch equations, an unusual and interesting possibility of the appearance of narrow and alternating sections in the medium is shown and studied in detail, in which harmonic polarization waves of the medium are formed, propagating in opposite directions relative to neighboring sections. This situation occurs when two extremely short attosecond pulses collide in a two-level resonant medium. Keywords: attosecond pulses, electromagnetically induced gratings, polarization waves.
Siembra de cilantro
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria, Mosquera (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

En este clip tecnológico se presenta todo el proceso de siembra del cilantro.
Siembra de semillas forestales
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria, Mosquera (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

La producción de plántulas a través de semilleros trae ventajas como la uniformidad de materiales en la propagación de plagas y enfermedades y genera mayores rendimientos en la producción. En este clip tecnológico se presenta cómo realizar la siembra de semillas forestales.
Meeting the Shared Goals of a Student-Selected Component: Pilot Evaluation of a Collaborative Systematic Review
Authors: Bhatti Faheem , Mowforth Oliver , Butler Max , Bhatti Zainab , Rafati Fard Amir , Kuhn Isla , Davies Benjamin M
Published: February 2023

Background

Research methodology is insufficiently featured in undergraduate medical curricula. Student-selected components are designed to offer some research opportunities but frequently fail to meet student or supervisor expectations, such as completion or publication. We hypothesized that a collaborative, educational approach to a systematic review (SR), whereby medical students worked together, may improve student experience and increase success.

Objective

This study aimed to establish whether offering a small team of students the opportunity to take part in the screening phase of SRs led by an experienced postgraduate team could enhance the learning experience of students, overcome the barriers to successful research engagement, and deliver published output.

Methods

Postgraduate researchers from the University of Cambridge led a team of 14 medical students to work on 2 neurosurgical SRs. One student was appointed as the lead for each SR. All students were provided with training on SR methodology and participated in title and abstract screening using Rayyan software. Students completed prepilot, midscreening, and postscreening questionnaires on their research background, perceptions, knowledge, confidence, and experience. Questions were scored on a Likert scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 10 (strongly agree).

Results

Of the 14 students involved, 29% (n=4) reported that they had received sufficient training in research methodology at medical school. Positive trends in student knowledge, confidence, and experience of SR methodology were noted across the 3 questionnaire time points. Mean responses to “I am satisfied with the level of guidance I am receiving,” “I am enjoying being involved in the SR process,” and “I could not gain this understanding of research from passive learning e.g., textbook or lecture” were greater than 8.0 at all time points. Students reported “being involved in this research has made me more likely to do research in the future” (mean 8.57, SD 1.50) and that “this collaborative SR improved my research experience” (mean 8.50, SD 1.56).

Conclusions

This collaborative approach appears to be a potentially useful method of providing students with research experience; however, it requires further evaluation.
Predicting Habitual Use of Wearable Health Devices Among Middle-aged Individuals With Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors in South Korea: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ha Jaeyoung , Park Jungmi , Lee Sangyi , Lee Jeong , Choi Jin-Young , Kim Junhyoung , Cho Sung-il , Jeon Gyeong-Suk
Published: February 2023

Background

Prevention of the risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS) in middle-aged individuals is an important public health issue. Technology-mediated interventions, such as wearable health devices, can aid in lifestyle modification, but they require habitual use to sustain healthy behavior. However, the underlying mechanisms and predictors of habitual use of wearable health devices among middle-aged individuals remain unclear.

Objective

We investigated the predictors of habitual use of wearable health devices among middle-aged individuals with risk factors for MetS.

Methods

We proposed a combined theoretical model based on the health belief model, the Unified Technology of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2, and perceived risk. We conducted a web-based survey of 300 middle-aged individuals with MetS between September 3 and 7, 2021. We validated the model using structural equation modeling.

Results

The model explained 86.6% of the variance in the habitual use of wearable health devices. The goodness-of-fit indices revealed that the proposed model has a desirable fit with the data. Performance expectancy was the core variable explaining the habitual use of wearable devices. The direct effect of the performance expectancy on habitual use of wearable devices was greater (β=.537, P<.001) than that of intention to continue use (β=.439, P<.001), and the total effect estimate of the performance expectancy was 0.909 (P<.001), including the indirect effect (β=.372, P=.03) on habitual use of wearable devices via intention to continue use. Furthermore, performance expectancy was influenced by health motivation (β=.497, P<.001), effort expectancy (β=.558, P<.001), and risk perception (β=.137, P=.02). Perceived vulnerability (β=.562, P<.001) and perceived severity (β=.243, P=.008) contributed to health motivation.

Conclusions

The results suggest the importance of the users’ performance expectations for wearable health devices for the intention of continued use for self-health management and habituation. Based on our results, developers and health care practitioners should find better ways to meet the performance expectations of middle-aged individuals with MetS risk factors. They also should generate device use easier and find a way to encourage users’ health motivation, thereby reducing users’ effort expectancy and resulting in a reasonable performance expectancy of the wearable health device, to induce users’ habitual use behaviors.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical Findings in Medical Imaging Exams in a Nationwide Israeli Health Organization: Observational Study
Authors: Ozery-Flato Michal , Ein-Dor Liat , Pinchasov Ora , Dabush Kasa Miel , Hexter Efrat , Chodick Gabriel , Rosen-Zvi Michal , Guindy Michal
Published: February 2023

Background

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic had a major effect on the consumption of health care services. Changes in the use of routine diagnostic exams, increased incidences of postacute COVID-19 syndrome (PCS), and other pandemic-related factors may have influenced detected clinical conditions.

Objective

This study aimed to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the use of outpatient medical imaging services and clinical findings therein, specifically focusing on the time period after the launch of the Israeli COVID-19 vaccination campaign. In addition, the study tested whether the observed gains in abnormal findings may be linked to PCS or COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods

Our data set included 572,480 ambulatory medical imaging patients in a national health organization from January 1, 2019, to August 31, 2021. We compared different measures of medical imaging utilization and clinical findings therein before and after the surge of the pandemic to identify significant changes. We also inspected the changes in the rate of abnormal findings during the pandemic after adjusting for changes in medical imaging utilization. Finally, for imaging classes that showed increased rates of abnormal findings, we measured the causal associations between SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19–related hospitalization (indicative of COVID-19 complications), and COVID-19 vaccination and future risk for abnormal findings. To adjust for a multitude of confounding factors, we used causal inference methodologies.

Results

After the initial drop in the utilization of routine medical imaging due to the first COVID-19 wave, the number of these exams has increased but with lower proportions of older patients, patients with comorbidities, women, and vaccine-hesitant patients. Furthermore, we observed significant gains in the rate of abnormal findings, specifically in musculoskeletal magnetic resonance (MR-MSK) and brain computed tomography (CT-brain) exams. These results also persisted after adjusting for the changes in medical imaging utilization. Demonstrated causal associations included the following: SARS-CoV-2 infection increasing the risk for an abnormal finding in a CT-brain exam (odds ratio [OR] 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.7) and COVID-19–related hospitalization increasing the risk for abnormal findings in an MR-MSK exam (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.9-5.3).

Conclusions

COVID-19 impacted the use of ambulatory imaging exams, with greater avoidance among patients at higher risk for COVID-19 complications: older patients, patients with comorbidities, and nonvaccinated patients. Causal analysis results imply that PCS may have contributed to the observed gains in abnormal findings in MR-MSK and CT-brain exams.
A Novel Continuous Real-Time Vital Signs Viewer for Intensive Care Units: Design and Evaluation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yang Shiming , Galvagno Samuel , Badjatia Neeraj , Stein Deborah , Teeter William , Scalea Thomas , Shackelford Stacy , Fang Raymond , Miller Catriona , Hu Peter ,   VS viewer study group
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

Clinicians working in intensive care units (ICUs) are immersed in a cacophony of alarms and a relentless onslaught of data. Within this frenetic environment, clinicians make high-stakes decisions using many data sources and are often oversaturated with information of varying quality. Traditional bedside monitors only depict static vital signs data, and these data are not easily viewable remotely. Clinicians must rely on separate nursing charts—handwritten or electric—to review physiological patterns, including signs of potential clinical deterioration. An automated physiological data viewer has been developed to provide at-a-glance summaries and to assist with prioritizing care for multiple patients who are critically ill.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate a novel vital signs viewer system in a level 1 trauma center by subjectively assessing the viewer’s utility in a high-volume ICU setting.

METHODS

ICU attendings were surveyed during morning rounds. Physicians were asked to conduct rounds normally, using data reported from nurse charts and briefs from fellows to inform their clinical decisions. After the physician finished their assessment and plan for the patient, they were asked to complete a questionnaire. Following completion of the questionnaire, the viewer was presented to ICU physicians on a tablet personal computer that displayed the patient’s physiologic data (ie, shock index, blood pressure, heart rate, temperature, respiratory rate, and pulse oximetry), summarized for up to 72 hours. After examining the viewer, ICU physicians completed a postview questionnaire. In both questionnaires, the physicians were asked questions regarding the patient’s stability, status, and need for a higher or lower level of care. A hierarchical clustering analysis was used to group participating ICU physicians and assess their general reception of the viewer.

RESULTS

A total of 908 anonymous surveys were collected from 28 ICU physicians from February 2015 to June 2017. Regarding physicians’ perception of whether the viewer enhanced the ability to assess multiple patients in the ICU, 5% (45/908) strongly agreed, 56.6% (514/908) agreed, 35.3% (321/908) were neutral, 2.9% (26/908) disagreed, and 0.2% (2/908) strongly disagreed.

CONCLUSIONS

Morning rounds in a trauma center ICU are conducted in a busy environment with many data sources. This study demonstrates that organized physiologic data and visual assessment can improve situation awareness, assist clinicians with recognizing changes in patient status, and prioritize care.
The Alzheimer’s Knowledge Base: A Knowledge Graph for Alzheimer Disease Research (Preprint)
Authors: Romano Joseph D , Truong Van , Kumar Rachit , Venkatesan Mythreye , Graham Britney E , Hao Yun , Matsumoto Nick , Li Xi , Wang Zhiping , Ritchie Marylyn D , Shen Li , Moore Jason H
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

As global populations age and become susceptible to neurodegenerative illnesses, new therapies for Alzheimer disease (AD) are urgently needed. Existing data resources for drug discovery and repurposing fail to capture relationships central to the disease’s etiology and response to drugs.

OBJECTIVE

We designed the Alzheimer’s Knowledge Base (AlzKB) to alleviate this need by providing a comprehensive knowledge representation of AD etiology and candidate therapeutics.

METHODS

We designed the AlzKB as a large, heterogeneous graph knowledge base assembled using 22 diverse external data sources describing biological and pharmaceutical entities at different levels of organization (eg, chemicals, genes, anatomy, and diseases). AlzKB uses a Web Ontology Language 2 ontology to enforce semantic consistency and allow for ontological inference. We provide a public version of AlzKB and allow users to run and modify local versions of the knowledge base.

RESULTS

AlzKB is freely available on the web and currently contains 118,902 entities with 1,309,527 relationships between those entities. To demonstrate its value, we used graph data science and machine learning to (1) propose new therapeutic targets based on similarities of AD to Parkinson disease and (2) repurpose existing drugs that may treat AD. For each use case, AlzKB recovers known therapeutic associations while proposing biologically plausible new ones.

CONCLUSIONS

AlzKB is a new, publicly available knowledge resource that enables researchers to discover complex translational associations for AD drug discovery. Through 2 use cases, we show that it is a valuable tool for proposing novel therapeutic hypotheses based on public biomedical knowledge.
Evaluasi Kesiapan Penerapan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Entitas Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah (Sak Emkm) Pad A Usaha Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah (UMKM) (Studi Pada UMKM Di Kota Samarinda)
Authors: Seftiany Tuti , Wijayana Singgih
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan hasil evaluasi yang dilakukan pada usaha kecil di Kota Samarinda, khususnya pada entitas mikro terkait sejauh mana entitas-entitas tersebut siap untuk menerapkan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan untuk menunjang kebtuhan dan keselarasan pelaporan keuangan dalam upaya keberlanjutan entitas UMKM tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode penyebaran kuesioner kepada 236 sampel dari kelompok usaha kecil yang ada di Kota Samarinda, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Data terkait sampel dari penelitian diperoleh dari DISPERNDAGKOP Provinsi Kalimantan Timur yang berada di Kota Samarinda. Penilitian ini menggunakan empat indikator untuk menilai kesiapan UMKM yaitu pengetahuan, pemahaman, asusmsi biaya dan manfaat, dan sumber daya manusia.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa entitas secara signfikan belum siap untuk mengimplementasikan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Entitas Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (SAK EMKM). Entitas yang sudah membuat laporan keuangan masih banyak yang menggunakan jasa dari Kantor Jasa Akuntan (KJA) walaupun sudah memiliki sumber daya yang menangani bagian keuanggan entitas. Penggunaan laporan keuangan tersebut juga masih ditujukan untuk pengambilan keputusan dan kebutuhan perpajakan. Studi ini memberikan gambaran bahwa, dibutuhkannya sinergi dari pihak pemerintah dan sisi akademisi untuk memberikan edukasi tidak hanya kepada pelaku UMKM. Namun, juga kepada calon sumber daya manusia yang akan bekerja di bidang akuntansi untuk memiliki kesadaran terhadap Standar Akuntansi yang berlaku, khususnya di Kota Samarinda.
Research on Cross-Variety Arbitrage Strategy of Metal Futures in China
Authors: Yang Chen , Liu Shaotian
Published: February 2023

With the vigorous development of China’s futures market, the number of varieties is gradually increasing, the number of investors is increasing, and the liquidity of futures is getting better and better. The “T+0” trading mechanism of the futures market makes arbitrage traders prefer to carry out arbitrage in the futures market. Cross-variety arbitrage is one of the main ways of arbitrage in China’s futures market, and its key is to find the appropriate variety combination and arbitrage strategy. The purpose of this paper is to conduct scientific and detailed research and analysis on futures cross-variety arbitrage, so that investors can have a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of it to enhance investor education, and on this basis, find appropriate variety combinations and design cross-variety arbitrage strategies and empirically test the effect of the strategies, so as to provide reference for investors and enrich the existing research on futures cross-variety arbitrage strategies.
Pattern Analysis and Marketing Efficiency of Bokar in Rural Area, Batanghari Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Damayanti Yusma , Nainggolan Saidin , Utami Putri
Published: February 2023

Marketing is said to be efficient if it is considered capable of distributing products from farmers to the crumb rubber industry at a reasonable cost and a fair distribution of the price paid by the crumb rubber industry. For this reason, this study aims to analyze the marketing efficiency of bokar. This research was conducted in the Rural Area of Batanghari Regency, with a sample size of 77 farmers. Sampling uses the sSimple Random Sampling method. The data analysis used is quantitative descriptive analysis. with the One Way Anova test. Bokar marketing in Batanghari Regency consists of three marketing channels, namely: (1) Farmers - Auction Market - Provincial Collector Traders (PPProv) - Factory (Crumb Rubber). (2) Farmers - Village Collector Traders (PPD) - Provincial Collector Traders (PPProv) - Factory (Crumb Rubber). (3) Farmers - Provincial Collector Traders (PPProv) - Factories (Crumb Rubber). Based on the efficiency indicators of bokar marketing through marketing margin, farmer's share and profit ratio and marketing cost of bokar marketing channel I is more efficient than channels II and III. Based on the results of the One Way Anova test, the farmer's share received by bokar farmers in marketing channel I, marketing channel II and marketing channel III there is a significant difference. This means that the existence of a bokar auction market pool is able to significantly increase the efficiency of bokar marketing, and for this it is necessary to establish auction market poo in other villages.
Género, justicia y objetividad
Authors: Lousada Arochena Jose Fernando
Published: February 2023

La Razón es la piedra basilar del Derecho contemporáneo. De ahí la exigencia de motivación de las sentencias judiciales y su entendimiento como una manifestación del derecho a la tutela judicial efectiva. El Feminismo ha denunciado que la Razón sobre la cual se ha construido el Derecho contemporáneo es una Razón que excluía a las mujeres. De ahí la tolerancia a la introducción de estereotipos y prejuicios de género se en la motivación de las sentencias sin que ello supusiera vicio de motivación. Pero el moderno derecho antidiscriminatorio va más allá del combate contra las desigualdades de trato, y su combate se dirige también contra los estereotipos y prejuicios de género que las causan. A tales efectos, un aporte novedoso es la metodología de resolución de casos judiciales denominada enjuiciamiento de género o juzgar con perspectiva de género que pretende expulsar a los estereotipos y prejuicios de género de la motivación de las sentencias judiciales. La propuesta sostenida en el presente estudio es que el enjuiciamiento de género tanto es un instrumento en la lucha para conseguir la igualdad de género, como una necesidad exigida por la imparcialidad judicial inscrita en el derecho a la tutela judicial efectiva, donde encuentra su fundamento. Juzgar con perspectiva de género es una garantía que busca que la motivación de las sentencias judiciales sea objetiva y fundada en Derecho.
arbitraje comercial internacional como forma de resolución de controversias en España
Authors: Ortega Giménez Alfonso
Published: February 2023

El arbitraje como forma de resolución de controversias, se encuentra fundamentado en la voluntad libre de las partes. Esta institución juridica ha tenido un crecimiento importante en los últimos años y su uso se ha convertido en regular, pues permite a las partes que deciden someterse, solucionar los conflictos que pudieran derivarse de su relación contractual de manera ágil y eficaz. El presente artículo, dara un panorama  sobre el arbitraje, su concepto, vias procedimentales y los tipos de este, que se encuentran, de acuerdo al procedimiento arbitral en España, analizando  sus ventajas, ya que se introducen consejos sobre cómo redactar una cláusula arbitral, concluyendo con una reflexión acerca de por qué el arbitraje en España no tiene tanto éxito.
Servicios públicos electrónicos del s. XXI: la datificación como aliada en su gestión
Authors: Expósito Gázquez Ariana
Published: February 2023

A medida que la sociedad digital se consolida, aumenta la exigencia de convertir su sistema funcional y organizativo al medio digital, con la finalidad de prevenir que las Administraciones Públicas continúen sirviendo con objetividad a los intereses generales. Así, la gestión de los servicios públicos electrónicos debe adecuarse a las posibilidades que las nuevas tecnologías facultan, incorporando a los datos como el elemento esencial en su desarrollo. En consecuencia, el presente artículo se fija como objetivos el análisis del régimen jurídico del servicio público electrónico en España, y el estudio del proceso de datificación de las actuaciones públicas a través de las herramientas de Big Data y Blockchain.
Ecomigração: deslocamento forçado e emergência climática
Authors: De Oliveira Magalhães da Silva Loureiro Claudia Regina
Published: February 2023

As mudanças climáticas estão afetando a vida das pessoas ao redor do mundo de maneira considerável a ponto de ensejar a mudança de comportamento da comunidade internacional no sentido de promover a justiça climática. Um dos efeitos negativos das mudanças climáticas é o deslocamento forçado das pessoas. Apesar do crescimento do contingente populacional dos deslocados ambientais, não há previsão específica para essa categoria, o que não as torna totalmente desprovidas da proteção do direito internacional dos direitos humanos. Nesse contexto, o objetivo principal do artigo é refletir sobre a proteção internacional das pessoas deslocadas interna ou internacionalmente por motivos ambientais e, por sua vez, o objetivo específico é refletir sobre os fundamentos que autorizam afirmar que existe um regime jurídico que proporciona a ampla proteção dos deslocados ambientais. Para tanto, o artigo partirá da análise do instituto do asilo como gênero, que tem como espécie o refúgio e, especificamente, o refúgio ambiental. A relevância do tema se justifica pela intensidade dos efeitos negativos das mudanças climáticas na vida das populações mais vulneráveis que se veem diante da necessidade de se deslocar em razão de graves danos causados em suas vidas por conta dos aspectos ambientais. Optou-se pelo método dedutivo, com a técnica da documentação indireta e com o procedimento de análise da doutrina, da legislação e da jurisprudência internacional.
Reflexiones acerca del control constitucional de las leyes exonerativas de responsabilidad civil.
Authors: Inostroza Adasme Sonia
Published: February 2023

Es escasa la jurisprudencia que se puede encontrar a propósito del control de constitucionalidad sobre materias que versen acerca de leyes exonerativas de responsabilidad civil. El análisis que a continuación presentamos alude a una sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional chileno cuyo centro de atención se encuentra en el inciso final del artículo 169 de la Ley de Tránsito que libera de responsabilidad a las empresas de leasing. La cuestión está en dilucidar por qué el legislador ha establecido esta gracia y si procede la inconstitucionalidad que alegan los recurrentes.
Avilés González, César Omar y Zeind Chávez, Marco Antonio (coords.), La administración pública del futuro. Retos y prospectiva, Guadalajara, Facultad de Derecho de la UNAM/ Universidad de Guadalajara/ Centro de Estudios Estratégicos para el Desarrollo, 20
Authors: Juárez Quezada Guadalupe
Published: February 2023

La obra fue coeditada por la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México y la Universidad de Guadalajara. El libro cuenta con una presentación de Raúl Padilla López, exrector de la universidad tapatía, y un prólogo de Raúl Contreras Bustamante, actual Director de la Facultad de Derecho de la UNAM
Principio favor laesi y "parte más débil" en la competencia judicial internacional por daño ambiental
Authors: Moscoso Restovic Pía
Published: February 2023

Este artículo trata —desde la perspectiva europea— la relación que existe entre el concepto “parte más débil” y el principio favor laesi. El tema también aborda el problema del forum shopping, argumento utilizado en contra del principio favor laesi en materia de competencia judicial civil internacional. La doctrina y la jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea están convencidas de ello. Sin embargo, ¿puede mantenerse esta opinión cuando hablamos de una víctima de daño ambiental o de una víctima civil y directa por daño ambiental?
Inmigración y extranjería. En camino hacia el Tratado de Ámsterdam
Authors: Vestri Gabriele
Published: February 2023

A la luz de los recientes cambios político-democráticos de los países del mundo árabe, y no sólo, se pone una vez más sobre la mesa de debate el problema de la inmigración que cada vez más afecta los Estados europeos del sur. Si por un lado, España o Italia por su posición geográfica se identifican como las puertas de entrada hacia Europa, por el otro, todos los Estados miembros de la Unión Europea tienen que tomar consciencia del fenómeno y retomar aquellas pautas que ya en el pasado acercaron la Unión Europea al problema de la inmigración. El presente trabajo intenta recorrer este acercamiento que llevó, no sin problema, al Tratado de Ámsterdam. Muchas de las ideas de entonces pueden representar las bases de una nueva fase política en materia de inmigración.
Conexiones entre los derechos humanos de las personas migrantes y la seguridad ¿Es posible afirmar que el derecho mexicano criminaliza la migración indocumentada?
Authors: Guevara Bermúdez José Antonio
Published: February 2023

Este artículo pretende esclarecer la política migratoria actual en México y su relación con la lógica de la denominada securitización que ha permeado muchas decisiones de diseño institucional y de política pública en los Estados Unidos de América. Asimismo, busca desentrañar la causa de tal situación que vulnera los derechos humanos de los migrantes en tránsito por el país. Igualmente se analiza las definiciones legales sobre seguridad reconocidas en la Constitución, para evidenciar que el vínculo entre seguridad y migración es una construcción que inicia en el siglo XIX y se cristaliza en la legislación migratoria vigente. Posteriormente se realiza un recorrido histórico de la legislación en materia migratoria desde la Independencia, para resaltar las diversas justificaciones empleadas para limitar o restringir los derechos de las personas migrantes. Por último, se efectúan una serie de conclusiones y recomendaciones con el objeto de cesar las violaciones sistemáticas de derechos humanos de las personas migrantes.
Strategic Partnership of a Consulting Organization with a Client as a Perspective for the Development of Investment Consulting
Authors: Shavkatovna Sabirova Lola , Kabilovna Shaislamova Nargiza
Published: February 2023

Annotation: The article examines the foreign experience and the national practice of consulting firms. In order to implement a successful, throughout the entire length, investment process, the authors justify the need for strategic interaction of consultants with clients by considering the created product and profit as a joint result of the activities of both parties.
Analysis of the Flipped Classroom Model Using Digital Media in Improving Students' Mathematical Communication Skills
Authors: Putri Dinda Silvia , Colily Yus Mochamad , Zukhrufurrohmah Zukhrufurrohmah
Published: February 2023

The flipped classroom model is a learning model in which activities usually carried out in class are changed to be carried out at home, such as material explanations by the teacher, and activities carried out at home are changed to be carried out at school, such as doing assignments. The research aims to describe the flipped classroom model using digital media to improve mathematical communication skills. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The research subjects used were six junior high school students in Batu City. In the pretest and posttest, data collection techniques to determine students' mathematical communication abilities while observation to determine teacher activities in learning uses the flipped classroom model using digital media. The instruments used are test sheets and observation sheets. Data analysis techniques consist of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results showed that after using the flipped classroom model using digital media, there was an increase in mathematical communication skills. After learning according to the lesson plan, the results of observations were in the very good category. There was an increase of 53% in the indicator of the ability to write mathematical situations correctly and precisely. The indicator of the ability to write ideas or solve problems correctly and accurately increased by 33%, while the ability to write conclusions from problems using their language increased by 39%.
Effectiveness Implementation of Gagne's Learning Theory with Combination Problem-Solving Approach to Ability Think Critical Student
Authors: Tria Amalia  , Suryaningtyas Wahyuni
Published: February 2023

21st century education requires students to have various abilities and skills including critical thinking. For this reason, it is necessary to apply learning theory in shaping students' thinking ability activities. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of learning mathematics through Gagne's Learning Theory with a combination of Problem Solvers at SMP Negeri 55 Surabaya. The subjects of this study were 36 students of class IX-E at SMP Negeri 55 Surabaya. The type of research used is quantitative descriptive research. Learning instruments and tools in learning used are lesson plans, worksheets, learning completeness results questions (test questions), student activity observation sheets, teacher ability observation sheets to manage learning, and student response questionnaires. The results of the study show that: (1) student activity during learning is in the active category; (2) the teacher's ability to manage abstract learning is very good; (3) Many students achieve 91% completeness with an average score of 3 for the indicator of critical thinking skills; and (4) student response to the learning process is very positive. The results of the study can be concluded that the application of Gagne's Learning theory with a combination of Problem Solving is effectively used in learning mathematics because it meets all the criteria for learning effectiveness.
A hybrid technology for wastewater treatment at dyeing and finishing facilities
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University (INRTU), Timofeeva Svetlana S. , Tepina Maria S. , Timofeev Semen S. , Ulrikh Dmitrii V. ,   South Ural State University (National Research University) (SUSU NRU)
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Nowadays people tend to follow fashion trends and wear clothes made of brightly coloured fabrics and furs. Their production requires a large set of chemical reagents, including dyes, tanning agents, surfactants, etc. Multicomponent wastewater with changeable composition is generated following the completion of the dyeing cycle and the treatment of materials. Their further processing requires advanced innovative approaches, most of which are integrative. Wastewater treatment technologies, used by dyeing and finishing facilities, are analyzed in the article. The authors present the results of the laboratory research into the development of an integrative technology for dye extraction from wastewater using a composite sorbent obtained by pelletizing dust wastes of the metallurgical industry and supplementary phytoextraction of dyes in bio-ponds. Materials and methods. The research was conducted in the laboratory environment. The technology entails the use of a composite porous material, made of man-made raw materials used in the production of silicon and aluminum. A pelleti­zing technique, proposed by the authors, is employed to make this composite material. The sorbent production technique, its characteristics and evaluation of sorption properties are presented. The phyto-sorption properties of aquatic plants were tested in the laboratory environment. Aquatic plants, growing in the Angara river, were used in the research. Plants were collected by trawl, freed from soil, washed, and grown in the laboratory aquariums filled with dechlorinated water in conditions of moderate lighting and at the temperature of 14–16 °С. They are Elodea canadensis, Myriophyllum spicatum, and Ceratophyllum demersum. The model wastewater was represented by dye solutions, such as C.I. Acid Yellow 11, C.I. Acid Blue 120, C.I. Acid Red 1, C.I. Basic Orange 21. Results. The newly developed technology of making a composite sorbent from waste is described; its treatment efficiency is analyzed. Experimental values of the phytoremediation potential of aquatic plants are obtained. A hybrid technology for local wastewater treatment, including sorption and phyto-treatment, involving gabions and biological ponds, is proposed. Wastewater is treated in gabions filled with composite sorbent and then poured into bio-ponds with aquatic plants. Conclusions. The findings enable researchers to outline areas of further research on optimization of integrated facilities, designated for the local treatment of wastewater, generated by dyeing and finishing facilities.
Evaluation of riverbed process parameters under conditions of a changing hydraulic regime
Authors:   Water Problem Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (WPI RAS), Ostyakova Aleksandra V. ,   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The authors address the development of river bed deformations under the influence of a water flow in conditions of a changing hydraulic regime and scroll-bar riverbed processes. The relevance of the publication is explained by the unavailability of reliable waterbed shape forecasting methods needed to ensure their normal ecological condition. Meanwhile, the analysis of the motion of solid particles is associated with the sediment flow rate at the level of saltation, and with hydraulic friction losses at the level of microforms. New dependences are proposed for the sizes of bedforms, depending on the parameters of a streamflow. Materials and methods. The influence of factors in the form of new dependencies has been proven on the basis of the study of recent and classical research works, an experimental study of the formation and development of the bottom relief in case of a change in the hydraulic regime of the streamflow. Results. The author has studied the reasons and conditions for the formation and development of bedforms at the initial stage of interaction between the flow and the riverbed, as well as the factors influencing the formation of the bottom relief which is initially smooth. Structural levels of the waterbed evolution process have been analyzed. The experimental data were analyzed to identify a universal correlation between the flow parameters and the height of the developing bottom microrelief elements, from which the resistance formula is derived that coincides with the Knoroz dependence for steepness of bedforms that complies with the Boussinesq dependence. Conclusions. The results of this study can be used to prognosticate the riverbed evolution process in case of changing hydraulic regimes of water flows in the waterbed, composed of erodible soil not only at the initial stage of formation of bedforms, but also in the course of the bottom relief development.
Stability of the earth dam slope during reservoir drawdown
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), Aniskin Nikolai A. , Sergeev Stanislav A.
Published: February 2023

Introduction. One of the possible factors acting on the stability of the slopes of an earth dam is the change of water levels in the reservoir or the downstream reservoir. A hazardous event can be a rapid drawdown of the reservoir due to, for example, an emergency or a technological necessity. Examples of collapse of ground dam slopes caused by changes in water level in the reservoir are given, as well as the results of estimation of the effect of reservoir drawdown on the stability of the upstream slope. A homogeneous enclosing dam made of loam on a non-rock base with a height of 29 m and upper and lower slopes of 1:3.5 was considered. The research was conducted for two cases of drawdown: slow drawdown with the rate of vertical water level decrease v = 0.25 m/day and fast (emergency) drawdown with the rate of v = 4.4 m/day. Materials and methods. Calculations of filtration of soil dam for steady and unsteady modes and assessment of stability of the dam slope are carried out by numerical method of finite elements using PLAXIS software package. The research statement and theoretical foundations, laid in calculations of filtration and stability of slopes are given. Results. Researches have shown that at decrease in a water level of a reservoir with the big speed the danger of infringement of stability of a slope increases. Conclusions. According to the practice of designing, the evaluation of change in the upper slope stability coefficient of the uniform ground protecting dike taking into account decrease of the water level in the reservoir taking into account filtration forces of unsteady filtration has been carried out. Variants with different rates of drawdown are considered. It is established that at high rates of drawdown the coefficient of slope stability decreases. The obtained results testify to necessity of taking into account filtration forces of unsteady filtration in evaluation of slope stability when designing homogeneous dams made of low-permeable soils.
Steel structures: numerical analysis of fire proofing
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), Bunov Artem A. , Kornilova Nina V. ,   EtalonProject
Published: February 2023

Introduction. A set of calculations validating the conditions of limit states is to accompany the design of buildings and structures. Calculations of standard and non-standard combinations of loads and impacts are performed. Special loads include temperature effects from explosions and fires. Such effects greatly reduce the bearing capacity of metal structures. To protect metal structures from temperature effects, optimally selected fire proofing materials (varnishes, paints, various types of cladding) should be used. Numerical calculation methods allow analyzing the performance of building structures, exposed to temperature effects, and help select the necessary characteristics and thicknesses of fire proofing materials. Materials and methods. A metal hinged beam is used to analyze the influence of fire proofing, or lining made of fire-resistant gypsum sheets (FRGSh). Analytical and numerical methods of calculations were used to obtain the fire resistance limit of beams with cladding. The analytical method is based on the laboratory studies of fire resistance, as a result of which nomograms were obtained. The numerical method is implemented by Lira 10.12 software package. Results. Analytical and numerical methods were used to identify the fire-resistance limits for a beam that had FRGSh cladding. Temperature field mosaics in the elements along the thickness of the structure, as well as graphs of temperature changes and temperature fields in time were obtained using the numerical method. The obtained results showed good convergence. Conclusions. The use of numerical methods makes it possible to quickly and optimally select the required thickness of fire proofing for a steel structure. Calculation results are highly dependent on the characteristics of the materials in question, as well as the heat transfer environment.
Heat exchange in cooled combustion chambers of low-power heat generators
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), Chulenyov Anatoly S.
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The study of heat exchange in cooled combustion chambers and the influence of various factors on its intensity is a complex and relevant task. The analysis of theoretical and experimental data on heat exchange in combustion chambers of various plants has proven that current methods fail to take into account features of heat exchange in furnaces, having small geometric dimensions and, therefore, they cannot be used for their thermal calculation. Materials and methods. The author presents the experiments and the results of their generalization performed using the criterial equation. Generalization results are of great importance for analyzing heat transfer processes and the thermal analysis of cooled combustion chambers of small capacity heat generators. The contribution of radiative and convective components to complex heat exchange processes in combustion chambers of low-capacity boilers is evaluated using this generalized dependence. The author has identified qualitative and quantitative dependence of integral radiative and convective heat exchange on the main factors of operation of small combustion chambers. Results. The author has obtained generalizing criterial dependence that makes it possible to evaluate the contribution of radiative and convective components to complex heat exchange in combustion chambers of low-capacity boilers. Conclusions. The generalized criterial dependence, obtained by the author, can be used to identify the qualitative and quantitative dependence of integral radiative and convective heat transfer on the main geometric, physical and performance factors of operation of small capacity furnace chambers. The assessment of reliability of the experimental data, obtained by the author, has shown that the value of the limiting mean square error of determining the value of integral heat transfer Kh.t will be 3.24 %. For all experiments, the deviation of the calculated data from the experimental results with a 95 % probability does not go beyond the confidence interval of ±9.52 %.
Evaluating the efficiency of modular design based on prefabricated elements
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), Rybakova Angelina O.
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Building Information Modeling (BIM) and modular construction are modern technologies that ensure the development of the construction industry. Despite certain weaknesses, both areas have strong prospects today. However, the consequences of integrating these technologies into design have not been sufficiently investigated. Therefore, it is advisable to study the total potential effectiveness of information modeling and modular construction technologies, if applied in combination. Hence, the purpose of this work is to apply information modeling tools to a particular construction facility to identify the effectiveness of design based on prefabricated modular elements. It is necessary to solve the following tasks to achieve this purpose: development of performance evaluation criteria, design of an information model based on prefabricated modular elements, comparison of two alternative facilities, drawing conclusions based on the results of the work. Materials and methods. The study is based on a comparative analysis of technical and economic indicators of two alternative facilities, or buildings of data processing centres, whose design documents were developed using modular and traditional approaches. The efficiency analysis is based on the values of design evaluation criteria to be compared. At the same time, the process of designing an information model of a facility, made of prefabricated elements, is considered. Results. As a result, the efficiency assessment of the design based on prefabricated modular elements is presented: a similar facility, whose design documentation was developed in the traditional way, is employed to conduct a comparative analysis. The author compares basic evaluation characteristics to the design developed using two different design concepts. At the same time, the author presents an information model, developed using modular design with account taken of the most recent theoretical and practical data available in this area. Conclusions. The proposed method of evaluating the design efficiency, based on prefabricated modular elements, demonstrates the obvious advantage of the modular method in terms of the facilities under consideration. At the same time, the information model of a facility is demonstrated, aspects of modular design are presented; weaknesses, further development and efficiency improvement trends are identified.