bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Pacar terhadap Perilaku Seks Pranikah pada Remaja di SMP Negeri 16 Kecamatan Sukajadi Pekanbaru
Authors: Qomariah Siti
Published: July 2018

Teens sexual behavior in dating is a manifestation of a sex drive from glancing the sensual part of couples to intercourse performed by teenagers. Sexual activity seems to have become a common thing done by adolescent dating. The purpose of this study to determine the relationship of girl or boy friends to sexual behavior in adolescents at SMP Negeri 16 Sukajadi kecamatan Pekanbaru. The research used is quantitative analytic observational (cross sectional) with elements of independent and dependent variables. The population in this study is all students of class VII SMPN 16 Sukajadi District Pekanbaru. The sample is all students of class VII SMPN 16 Sukajadi District Pekanbaru. With a sample size of 186 respondents. Sampling was done in total sampling. The data used is the primary data by spreading the questionnaire. The data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate with chi-square test. The result of bivariate analysis got the result of p-value (0,000) lees than a = 0,05, that is there is relationship of girlfriend with premarital sex behavior in adolescent. The conclusion in this study is there is a relationship of girlfriend to pre-marital sex behavior in adolescents at SMP Negeri 16 Kec. Sukajadi Pekanbaru.

Keywords: Behavior, Adolescent, Premarital Sex
Pengaruh Kompetensi Coder terhadap Keakuratan dan Ketepatan Pengkodean Menggunakan ICD 10 di Rumah Sakit X Pekanbaru Tahun 2016
Authors: Maimun Nur , Natassa Jihan , Trisna Wen Via , Supriatin Yeye
Published: July 2018

The accuracy in administering the diagnosis code was the important matter for medical recorder, quality of data was the most important thing for health information management of medical recorder. This study aims to know the coder competency for accuracy and precision of using ICD 10 at X Hospital in Pekanbaru. This study was a qualitative method with case study implementation from five informan. The result show that medical personnel (doctor) have never received a training about coding, doctors writing that hard and difficult to read, failure for making diagnoses code or procedures, doctor used an usual abbreviations that are not standard, theres still an officer who are not understand about the nomenclature and mastering anatomy phatology, facilities and infrastructure were supported for accuracy and precision of the existing code. The errors of coding always happen because there is a human error. The accuracy and precision in coding very influence against the cost of INA CBGs, medical and the committee did most of the work in the case of severity level III, while medical record had a role in monitoring or evaluation of coding implementation. If there are resumes that is not clearly case mix team check file needed medical record the result the diagnoses or coding for conformity.

Keywords: coder competency, accuracy and precision of coding, ICD 10
Model Spasial Regionisasi dan Rujukan Fasilitas Kesehatan
Authors: Krama Agel Vidian , Qamilah Nurul
Published: July 2018

Location Hospital and Health Center in Bandar Lampung and the District Pesawaran not currently mapped by conventional or digital. And there is no data base that provides information about the location and distribution of hospitals and health centers in Bandar Lampung City, and the uneven number of health facilities to ensure the availability of health services for all citizens, by optimizing existing health care facilities. Contributions utilization of spatial studies in the health field is used for mapping and modeling of health in order to facilitate access, provision of efficiency and planning of health services in order to take policy related to determining the location of health facilities. The research method uses spatial model approach with descriptive research type and analysis through the use of Huff Model. The results of the regionization shows the coverage area of hospital services serving 33 points in the District Pesawaran and 24 point Population in Bandar Lampung with the spread of regionization is divided into 3 regions.

Keywords: Health Service, Regionalization
Modern Condition of Natural foci Tick-Borne Infections in Altay Republic
Authors: Rudakova S. A. , Schuchinova L. D. , Schuchinov L. V. , Rudakov N. V. , Lubenko A. F. , Mal’Kova M. G.
Published: July 2018

The presence of common vectors of various pathogens determines the high prevalence of combined natural foci of tick-borne infections in Altay Republic. The current state of natural foci is presented in terms of the spectrum of key pathogens transmitted by ticks. Morbidity of major diseases transmitted by the bite of ticks was analyzed.
Zoonotic Salmonellosis in Russia: Key Points
Authors: Shubin F. N.
Published: July 2018

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is the main etiologic agent of zoonotic salmonellosis, having spread country wide in Russia. The work covers the main factors for salmonellosis spread. The breeding companies that contribute to the development of local bacteria population at poultry plants are of a paramount importance in terms of maintaining limited heterogeneity of S. Enteritidis and spread of salmonellosis. Migrations of the causative agent and new technologies for eggs and poultry production are additional points for salmonellosis spread.
Epidemiology of Foot Mycoses (Literature Review)
Authors: Sokolova T. V. , Malyarchuk T. A.
Published: July 2018

Generalized the data of domestic and foreign literature on the epidemiology of foot mycoses. An analysis of the incedence of superficial fungal infections in general, and tinea pedis in particular gave. Examined the role of gender characteristics. Assessed the role of agents of foot mycoses (dermatophytes, Candida fungi and molds) in the pathogenesis of the disease in different time periods.
Vaccination of Children with Diabeet
Authors: Ustinov M. P. , Tarasova A. A.
Published: July 2018

Recommendations highlighted features vaccination of children with diabeet. It is shown how the immunization scheme may be changed according to the pathology and the age of the child.
Epidemic Outbreak of a Shigellosis Zonne in the Republic Abkhazia in 2013
Authors: Onishhenko G. G. , Ezhlova E. B. , Demina Yu. V. , Kulichenko A. N. , Savel’Ev V. N. , Agapitov D. S. , Volynkina A. S. , Kuznetsova I. V. , Taran T. V. , Efremenko D. V. , Belyaeva A. I. , Marshan Z. G. , Polikhova L. M. , Bartsits V. V. , Orobej V. G.
Published: July 2018

Work purpose. The analysis of epidemiological features of outbreak of a shigellosis in Tkuarchal in the Republic Abkhazia in 2013 and efficiency of actions for its elimination. Results. The waterway of transfer of the activator with formation of a large number of the centers of an infection, including family was realized. It is established that an causal factor of a disease is Shigella sonnei I, II. Differences in a plasmid profile of the allocated strain (existence of two additional plasmids - pBS512 S. boydii and pO26-Vir E. coli H30) that, apparently, provided the raised strain pathogenicity, and, respectively, allowed to cause large flash of a shigellosis in Tkuarchal in the Republic Abkhazia. conclusion. The anti-epidemic actions for localization and elimination of epidemic outbreak directed on elimination of a water factor of transfer of the activator with the subsequent rupture of a contact and household way of distribution of an infection provided gradual decrease in incidence and elimination of outbreak.
The Use of Multiplex Phosphorescence Analysis (PHOSPHANTM) and Polymerase Chain Reaction for Laboratory Diagnosis of Ixodid Tick-borne Borrelioses
Authors: Kuznetsova T. I. , Pomelova V. G. , Korenberg E. I. , Osin N. S.
Published: July 2018

In this report, we evaluated the performance of C6 peptide based multiplex Phosphorescence Analysis (PHOSPHANTM) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (nested PCR) for laboratory diagnosis of Ixodid Tick-borne Borrelioses (ITBB). The study was conducted on 155 patients with localized and disseminated stages of the disease, the cases of mixed infection with ITBB and human granulocytic anaplasmosis including. Positive PHOSPHAN reactions were observed in 78 ± 7.7% of patients with erythema migrans (EM) and 91 ± 11.7% of patients without cutaneous manifestations of the disease. The frequency of PCR positive samples was lower, 26 ± 8.2% and 72 ± 17.1% respectively. The maximum frequency of positive samples detected by both methods was mainly observed at 2 - 4 week from the onset of the disease (or 22 - 35 day after tick bite). In general, PHOSPHAN provided serologic confirmation of the disease in 52 of 55 (94.5 ± 6.2%) patients, whose blood contained Borrelia DNA. Only 3 patients tested positive in PCR (1 - with EM and 2 - without this skin manifestation) were seronegative. These data confirmed the high efficiency of PHOSPHAN method for serologic verification of ITBB both at localized and disseminated stages of the disease. The use of PCR (in addition to PHOSPHAN) is appropriate within a certain period of time (no later than 2 - 3 weeks from the onset of the disease) to clarify the diagnosis in seronegative patients having clinical signs of disseminated non-cutaneous form of ITBB, or atypical cutaneous manifestations of erythematous form of the disease.
The results of an Open, Randomized Comparative Clinical Study to Assess the Reactogenicity, Safety and Immunogenicity of the Vaccine EntseVir in Children Aged 3 to 17 Years
Authors: Kharit S. M. , Ruleva A. A. , Fridman I. V. , Nacharova E. P. , Alekseeva L. A. , Vasil'eva G. A. , Vilnic A. A. , Ivanova M. V.
Published: July 2018

In 2011 - 2012 years in the Institute of childhood infections followed by an open comparative randomized study of tick-borne encephalitis vaccine EntseVir («Microgen») at a dose of 0.25 ml of the two schemes, planned and emergency in children aged 3 - 17 years. As a reference drug used vaccine FSME-Immun junior production (Baxter, AG, Austria). The results of clinical studies have shown that Entsevir at a dose of 0.25 ml has a good safety profile, low reactogenicity. Mostly recorded transient local reactions such as pain at the injection site weak degree. Severe reactions and post-vaccination complications were absent. EntseVir has no immunosuppressive, immunopathological action, highly immunogenic and can be recommended for mass prophylaxis tick-borne encephalitis in children 3 - 17 years on two schemes of vaccination (planned with an interval of 60 days and emergency with an interval of 14 days).
Polio Today: State of the Global Eradication Program and Modern Strategy of WHO on Immunization
Authors: Ivanova O. E.
Published: July 2018

The review presents data on the current stature of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative of the WHO. The success of its implementation mainly depends on the solutions of the problems associated with continuing use of trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV): vaccine- associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) and vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV). The information about the polio immunization strategy proposed by WHO in «Polio Eradication and Endgame Strategic Plan 2013 - 2018» is presented.
Vaccinoprophylaxis of Hepatitis B N.A
Authors: Ozeretskovsky N. A. , Shalunova N. V. , Petruchuk E. M. , Indikova I. N.
Published: July 2018

The review summarizes the WHO materials and recommendations the latest editions of the official guidelines of the Ministries of Health Australia, Canada, Great Britain, Germany, Russia, USA, through the vaccination of viral hepatitis B. Special attention is paid to the immunization of persons belonging to the group of increased risk of the infection, the implementation of which is not fully defined in relation to native normative documents: the immunocompromise, hemodialyse, diabetic patients and healthscare personel.
Epidemiological Differences of Chronic Viral Hepatitis C in Caucasian and Asian Races Taking into Account Population Interferon Gene Polymorphism
Authors: Malov S. I. , Malov I. V. , Savilov E. D. , Gantulga D. . , Miroshnichenko I. A. , Stepanenko L. A. , Ogarkov O. B. , Erdenebayar N. . , Orlova L. S. , Bira N. . , Ushakov I. V.
Published: July 2018

Aim of study: to give a comparative epidemiological characteristic of hepatitis C in Mongolia and Irkutsk region taking into account races, INF λ3 gene polymorphism and INF λ4 gene polymorphismin studied population. Epidemiological evidence of hepatitis C in Mongolia, in contrast to the Irkutsk region, characterized higher prevalence, domination of seropositive persons in age older than 50 years, domination in the circulation of the 1st virus genotype. In the population of Mongolia was revealed high frequency some nucleotide INF λ3 and INF λ4 gene polymorphism. These genetic markers are more favorable for natural history of hepatitis C. It explains the high rate of spontaneous hepatitis C virus clearance among people of Asian race.
Present Epidemical Situation of Viral Hepatitides and Tuberculosis Morbidity Rates in Moscow
Authors: Asratyan A. A. , Solovyov D. V. , Rusakova E. V.
Published: July 2018

Analysis of dynamics and trends in parenteral viral hepatitides and tuberculosis morbidity rates in Moscow for 1999 - 2013. Analysis of dynamics and trends in parenteral viral hepatitides and tuberculosis morbidity rates in Moscow in 1999 - 2013 based on the statistical data of Moscow regional information collection of federal state-financed healthcare institution Moscow city centre of hygiene and epidemiology. In aggregate, 1389 cards and the data of 24 forms were processed. The tuberculosis morbidity rate of the population of the city of Moscow in 1999 - 2009 exhibited tendency towards increasing and in 2009 - 2013 there was a tendency towards decreasing of the morbidity rate. As distinguished from the aggregate population situation, the tuberculosis morbidity rate among children was increasing steadily between 2003 and 2013. There was a massive children’s morbidity rate peak in 2011 - 2012 which may be caused by both increase of the number of patients and by improvement of diagnostics techniques. While the morbidity rate of virulent forms of hepatitis has decreased, the increase of the morbidity rate of chronic forms of hepatitis B and hepatitis C among the aggregate population of Moscow has been registered. The change in the age distribution of patients getting down with all forms of viral hepatitis B and C towards older patients has been observed. Men get virulent and chronic forms of hepatitis B and C 1.3 - 3.9 times more than women. The analysis of the transmission routes structure of hepatitis B and C has enabled us to establish the main risk factors contributing to transmission of these infectious diseases, namely casual sexual intercourse, drug addiction and insufficient supervision of the safety of procedures involving skin penetration in medical institutions. The main transmission route is sexual (heterosexual) transmission. Conclusion. The special aspects of the present epidemiological situation of hepatitis B and C and tuberculosis in the city of Moscow have been ascertained in the article.
Toxocariasis: Current State of the Russian Federation. Message 2: Toxocariasis Morbidity of the Population in Various Administrative Territories of the Russian Federation
Authors: Starostina O. Yu. , Romanova S. N.
Published: July 2018

An assessment of the current toxocariasis situation in the Russian Federation was made. Several data sources have been examined for this purpose - statistical materials on the toxocariasis incidence of the Russian population in 2008 - 2012, the Regional Services on Customers’ Rights Protection and Human Well-Being Surveillance State reports concerning the administrative territories in 2010 -2012 about the sanitary-epidemiological wellbeing of the population, the results of their own research and the published data. Nowadays, in different regions of the Russian Federation, there is considerable variation in toxocariasis incidence values. On a number of areas located in similar climatic conditions and landscape-geographical zones recorded both low and high levels of morbidity, the most pronounced among children. Antibodies to toxocara detected in different climatic zones of the population, the proportion of seropositive, according seroepidemiological studies is 5.4 - 33.6% of adults and 11.8 - 35.2% among children. It is concluded that the incidence of toxocariasis significantly higher reported rates of statistical observation. The need to develop a guidance document, reflecting the diagnostic value of clinical and laboratory signs of toxocariasis and epidemiological evidence for screening for toxocariasis threatened populations.
Vaccination of Children with Anemia
Authors: Kostinov M. P. , Tarasova A. A.
Published: July 2018

Recommendations highlighted features vaccination of children with anemia. It is shown how the immunization scheme may be changed according to the pathology and the age of the child.
Association of Tuberculosis and Infections of Herpes Simplex, Varicella Zoster Viruses and Cytomegalovirus
Authors: Kazanova A. S. , Lavrov V. F. , Panteleev A. V. , Lyadova I. V.
Published: July 2018

To determine frequency of Herpes simplex (HSV), Varicella zoster viral (VZV) and Сytomegaloviral (CMV) coinfection with tuberculosis (TB) we examined 45 patients with pulmonary TB and 62 healthy donors, 25 of them were healthcare workers in tuberculosis hospital and the rest 37 had no previous contact with TB. None of the participants had vesicular rash of skin or mucosa. For diagnosis of herpes viral infection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of HSV, VZV, CMV IgG in PBMC supernatants was performed. A significant increase in CMV (53.3%) and HSV (40%) infection in TB patients was observed comparing to healthy donors (p < 0.05; 19.4 and 16.1% respectively). Frequency of VZV infection in TB patients (17.8%) and healthy donors (8.1%) differed statistically unsignificantly. Levels of specific IgG secretion in PBMC culture in both groups in case of VZV and CMV infections didn’t differ, but in case of HSV coinfection in TB patients mean level of HSV IgG secretion (1.106 ± 0.297 OD) significantly exceeded mean level of HSV IgG in PBMC supernatants of healthy donors with asymptomatic HSV infection (0.285 ± 0.048 OD, р < 0,05). The obtained data give evidence of an association of pulmonary TB and herpes viral infections. Influence of these coinfections on course and morbidity of TB requires further research.
The Use of 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Naumtseva M. S. , Belov B. S. , Tarasova G. M. , Karateev D. E. , Luchikhina E. L. , Muravyev Yu. V. , Aleksandrova E. N. , Novikov A. A.
Published: July 2018

Objective: to study the clinical efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of a 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Subjects and methods. The investigation enrolled 102 patients (78 women and 24 men, aged 23 – 70 years), including 72 patients with RA and 30 people without systemic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (a control group) who had a recent history of 2 and more cases of lower respiratory tract infections (bronchitis, pneumonia). When included, all the patients received anti-inflammatory therapy with methotrexate (MT) (n = 52), leflunomide (LEF) (n = 10), or MT + tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α ) inhibitors (n = 10). A single 0.5-ml dose of the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine was administered subcutaneously during continuous MT or LEF therapy for the underlying disease or 3 – 4 weeks before the use of a TNF-α inhibitor. During control visits (1 and 3 months and 1 year after administration of the vaccine), the patients underwent physical examination and routine clinical and laboratory studies.

Results. No clinical and radiological symptoms of pneumonia were recorded in any case during a 12-month follow-up. The RA and control groups showed a more than 2-fold increase in anti-pneumococcal antibody levels 1 year after vaccination. The vaccine was well tolerated by 67 patients. 27 patients were observed to have pain, cutaneous swelling and hyperemia and 8 patients had subfebrility. There were neither episodes of RA exacerbation nor new autoimmune disorders during the follow-up.

Conclusion. The findings suggest that 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine shows a good clinical efficacy, adequate immunogenicity, and good tolerability in the patients with RA.
Vaccination of Children with recurrent and chronic inflammatory ENT pathology
Authors: Коstinov M. P. , Таrasova A. A.
Published: July 2018

Recommendations highlighted features vaccination of children with with recurrent and chronic inflammatory ENT pathology. It is shown how the immunization scheme may be changed according to the pathology and the age of the child.
Model Analysis of the Efficiency of Early Immunization of Population
Authors: Kolesin I. D. , Vorobieva A. A. , Tsibernaya A. Yu.
Published: July 2018

Modeling single and double vaccination in consideration of the natural immunization.Gives estimates of indicators of incompetence and redundancy of the immunization.
The Epidemiological and Microbiological Characteristics of the Postoperative Period in Older Patients in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Gabrielyan N. I. , Savostyanova O. A. , Gorskaya E. M. , Batirchina L. R. , Romashkina L. Yu. , Poptsov V. N. , Akimkin V. G.
Published: July 2018

High-tech methods of surgical treatment of cardiac patients older than 65 years are the only means the ineffectiveness of drug treatments prolong their life and improve its quality. The analysis of the postoperative period of 5 years (2009 - 2013) cardiac patients older than 65 years compared with patients up to 65 years. The study used epidemiological and microbiological methods. The frequency of postoperative infectious complications was higher in patients older than 65 years In the structure of pathogens isolated from blood dominated negative bacteria: Acinetobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa. There was a trend to a decrease in mortality in older patients in the dynamics over the years.
Parametric and Nonparametric Methods in Medical Statistics
Authors: Gerasimov A. N. , Morozova N. I.
Published: July 2018

The article is devoted to the conditions of applicability of parametric and nonparametric methods, including criticism of frequent methodological errors. By using methods of parametric statistics often make the wrong conclusion that to test the applicability of methods of parametric statistics need to find out whether there are significant differences resulting from the normal allocation of the pilot. Doing this is not necessary, as any encountered in biomedical research component is distributed clearly abnormal. Besides, for the practical application of parametric statistics need sufficient proximity to the source distribution is not normal, and the arithmetic mean from a set of observations. The article stated, under any circumstances and for any amount of observational techniques can be used parametric statistics and how it relates to the value of kurtosis, and what the margin of error calculation of significant differences when using methods of parametric statistics. Subjected to a critical analysis and methods of nonparametric statistics. With their more formal precision and breadth of applicability, however, they checked less valuable statistical hypothesis, as in fact do not work with the values, and their ranks, and the ranking much of the information is lost.
Modern Problems of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Specific Prevention Communication I: Vaccinal Prevention in Area with Siberian Virus Subtype Domination
Authors: Pogodina V. V. , Shcherbinina M. S. , Gerasimov S. G. , Kolyasnikova N. M.
Published: July 2018

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a disease mainly affecting the central nervous system, serious medical and social problem in Russia and many European countries. TBE virus (TBEV) genetically divided into three major subtypes: the Far Eastern, European and Siberian. Siberian subtype of TBEV dominates in most part of Russia outside of the Far East. Modern cultural inactivated vaccine of domestic and foreign production prepared from the strains of the Far Eastern and European subtypes. In a review of the literature and our own researches are shown: the dominance of Siberian subtype (TBE) and data of vaccine-prevention. The importance of genetic differences between the Siberian subtype strains and vaccines strains are analyzed as well new approaches of the test strain selection.
The Situation for Influenza in the World in Summer 2015 and the Preliminary Forecast for the Upcoming Season 2015 - 2016
Authors: Kiselev O. L. , Karpova L. S. , Pelih M. Yu. , Popova A. Yu.
Published: July 2018

The analysis of the spatial-temporal distribution of influenza data weekly to WHO data in the summer of 2015 in the countries of the Southern and Northern hemispheres It is shown that in the Southern hemisphere registered a moderate influenza epidemics in Oceania and South Africa and local and regional outbreaks. In the Northern hemisphere was registered to the local influenza outbreak and sporadic morbidity. The main causative agent of the influenza was virus influenza B, except Asia, where the predominant influenza A(H3N2). In the Northern hemisphere the proportion of influenza was greater, than in the South. Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 were detected mainly in Africa and S. America. Antigenic analyses of influenza viruses revealed the circulation in Canada of strain B/Massachusetts/2/2012 (Yamagata line) (69.7%) and A/Switzerland/9715293/2013(H3N2) (8.6%), while in N. Zealand - B/ Phuket/3073/2013(Yamagata line) (45%) and strain A/Switzerland/9715293/2013(H3N2) (24.8%). Virus A(H1N1)pdm09 was represented by the strain A/California/7/2009 in both countries. In the epidemic season 2015 - 2016 will continue circulation previously identified influenza viruses, but we cannot exclude the possibility of emergence of new strains of influenza viruses. In Russia you can expect a mixed epidemic (A(H3N2), A(H1N1)pdm09 and B) moderate intensity at the usual time (in the second half of January).
Screening for ТВ Infection. State of the Problem
Authors: Borodulina E. A.
Published: July 2018

Introduction. Currently, the issue of early detection of tuberculosis infection in children with use as the primary method of tuberculin is extremely important. Against the background of the current debate about the effectiveness of TB infection immunodiagnostics the technique of posing skin tests using a skin prick test, developed and patented in the Samara State Medical University. Purpose. To optimize the screening immunodiagnostics of TB infection. Materials and methods. Were Mantoux tuberculin purified with the standard and the sample dilution 2mE prick test in 300 children aged 3 to 7 years. Results and conclusions. Compares the staging technique samples, the qualitative characteristics of the techniques and the results of tests with the help of ultrasound papules. The data show the advantages of the proposed method, the last registration and certification.
Recombinant Analogue of Varicella Zoster Virus Glycoprotein E: Cloning, Expression and Studying of AntigEn Properties
Authors: Alatortseva G. I. , Sidorov A. V. , Nesterenko L. N. , Luhverchik L. N. , Amiantova I. I. , Docenko V. V. , Huy Phong Pham , Milovanova A. V. , Vylivannaya O. B. , Kazanova A. C. , Lavrov V. V. , Zverev V. V.
Published: July 2018

We made recombinant antigen GE containing fragment of VZV glycoprotein E (Gly48 - Glu135) fused to E. coli beta-galactosidase and confirmed its antigen specificity by Western blotting and competitive-inhibition enzyme immunoassay (EIA) in comparison with commercial analogues and natural viral antigens. We showed interaction of recombinant GE protein with IgG antibodies from rabbits immunized by vaccine viral strain. GE protein also specifically reacted in ELISA with 66% of sera from zoster patients and 35% of sera from control groups including sera containing antibodies to other herpes viruses, sera from healthy donors, and sera from patients with different forms of intestinal disorders. Consequently, we demonstrated possibility of application of our recombinant GE VZV as antigen for diagnostics and research use.
Vaccination of Children with Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Ustinov M. P. , Tarasova A. A.
Published: July 2018

Recommendations highlighted features vaccination of children with rheumatic diseases. It is shown how the immunization scheme may be changed according to the pathology and the age of the child.
Vaccination of children with rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Kostinov M. P. , Tarasova A. A.
Published: July 2018

Recommendations highlighted features vaccination of children with rheumatic diseases. It is shown how the immunization scheme may be changed according to the pathology and the age of the child.
PROBLEMS OF VACCINAL PREVENTION OF DEEP MYCOSES
Authors: Lipnitsky A. V. , Polovete N. V. , Antonov V. A.
Published: July 2018

A literature review presents date obtained during the last years about the strategy of production and protective characteristics of different experimental vaccines against opportunistic and particularly dangerous deep mycoses. The role of T-lymphocytes of Th1 and Th17 types, interactions of CD4+T - and CD8+T-cells in the immune response and maintenance of immunologic memory after immunization with vaccines against mycoses are discussed.
Study of the Effectiveness against Test Strain Mycobacterium terrae DSM 43227 of Some Substances Containing Fragment of Phenolic
Authors: Grenkova T. A. , Chizhov A. I. , Gusarova M. P. , Gudova N. V.
Published: July 2018

Relevance. Multi-drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been an important problem in public health around the world. However, development of effective methods and means of disinfection is now extremely urgent. Phenol is probably the oldest known disinfectant. Disinfectants based on substances containing phenolic practically used in almost every countries of the worldwide for the disinfection of medical devices, surfaces and hand hygiene. Goal. Comparative study of the activity of certain disinfectants containing phenol fragment against the test strain. Materials and methods. Multi-drug-resistant M. terrae, M. avium-intracellulara and M. tuberculosis have similar characteristics of resistance to chemical disinfectants, herefore M. terrae DSM 43227 used as the test strain. We studied five used in Russia for the production of disinfectants and antiseptics. substances containing a phenolic. Results. The disinfectant effect of substances with phenol compounds was detected in lower concentrations (from 0.02% for 2-benzil-4-chlorphenol to 1.0% for ortophenylphenol) than with substances containing glutaraldehyde or chloramine B compounds. Conclusions. Saving disinfecting effectiveness at low concentrations of the active substances in the working solutions can be recommended disinfectants based on phenolic compounds for disinfection measures in the complex of measures for prevention of occurrence and spread of tuberculosis.
Analysis of the Influenza Epidemic in 2016 and Pandemic in 2009 Based on Two National Centers of WHO in the Russian Federation
Authors: Karpova L. S. , Popovtseva N. M. , Stolyarova T. P. , Stolyarov K. A. , Sominina A. A. , Burtseva E. I.
Published: July 2018

Goal of the work - comparison of the epidemic process in the epidemic of 2016 and during the 2009 pandemic in the cities of Russia. Comparative data of the incidence of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections, hospitalization and mortality in different age groups of children (0 - 2, 3 - 6 and 7 -14 years) and adults (15 - 64 and 65 years of age) from 59 cities collaborating with 2 National Centers for influenza to the WHO in Russia, for the period from the 2009 pandemic and epidemic 2016. For the epidemic of 2016, as the 2009 pandemic was characterized by mono etiology (influenza virus A(H1N1)pdm09, the simultaneous occurrence of the peak of the epidemic in all age groups, the same percentage admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of "influenza"; involvement of the adult population and school children in the cities. The epidemic of 2016 was different: less involvement of children up to 6 years, higher development rate, the spread on the territory of Russia - from the West to the East, shorter duration of the epidemic in the country (12 and 17 weeks) and in the cities by population average (4.6 and 6.8 weeks), less morbidity for the period of the epidemic in cities (5.4 and 8.5%) and the country (9.6 and 14.4%), greater frequency of hospitalization but lower mortality from influenza in an average of 1.7 times.
Actual Aspects of Epidemiological Well-Being Support Anti-PLAgue for Population in Altai Republic
Authors: Balakhonov S. V. , Korzun V. M. , Kosilko S. A. , Mikhailov E. P. , Shchuchinov L. V. , Mishchenko A. I. , Zarubin I. V. , Rozhdestvensky E. N. , Denisov A. V.
Published: July 2018

Relevance. Despite significant advances in modern medicine in the treatment of infectious diseases, the plague has not lost its relevance and is one of the socially significant epidemic threats as a particularly dangerous infection. Every year, there are nearly 2.5 thousand cases of plague in the world, and the mortality rate 7 - 13%. Goal. Analysis of the current epizootic and epidemiological situation of the plague, and to determine the optimal set of preventive measures to ensure epidemiological welfare of population of the Republic of Altai on this particularly dangerous infectious disease. Materials and methods. Used the results of monitoring in 1961 - 2015 years of Gorno-Altai natural foci of plague. For more than 50 years bacteriologically were examined more than 290 thousand. small mammals, more than 1545 thousand fleas, isolated 2435 strains of the plague pathogen. Results. In recent years, the Gorno-Altai foci of plague most active of the 11 natural focis, located in Russia. On the Gorno-Altai territory in 2001 to 2014 isolated 801 strain of the pathogen, in 2015 - 23 strains, including 17 main subspecies. currently in the Gorno-Altai natural foci of plague there is a joint circulation of the two subspecies of the plague microbe: Y. pestis subsp. altaica and Y. pestis subsp. pestis. In September 2014 the first time since the detection foci of plague (1961) recorded the local human case of bubonic plague. in August 2015 identified a new case of the plague Conclusions. Introduction of the plague pathogen main subspecies into the ecosystem of the Gorno-Altaisk natural foci of plague greatly increases the possibility of dangerous epidemiological situation
Examination of Primorsk Territory for Current Natural Focal Infections
Authors: Breneva N. V. , Allenov A. V. , Sharakshanov M. B. , Kiseleva E. Yu. , Krasnoshchekov V. N. , Gordeyko N. S. , Borzov V. P. , Kiryakov V. Yu. , Khomenko T. V. , Mazepa A. V. , Borisova T. I. , Sevostyanova A. V. , Gorina M. O. , Borisov S. A. , Sinyagovsky S. N. , Reshetnyak E. A. , Ananiev V. Yu. , Umanets A. A. , Andaev E. I. , Balakhonov S. V.
Published: July 2018

Territory of Primorsk is endemic for tularemia, leptospirosis, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, and tick-borne infections. Human (146) and animal (373) samples were examined by bacteriological, serological and molecular-genetic methods. Seroprevalence in humans is weakly expressed except tularemia (14.0-40.4%). Lack of tularemia antibody in cattle (n = 40) indicates low significance of blood-sucking insects as the infection vectors. Small mammals (n = 333) were infected with Francisella (34.1%), Leptospira (38.4%) and Hantaviruses of Puumala and Hantaan genotypes (8.7%). Two cultures: L. borgpetersenii and L. kirschneri serogroups Javanica and Grippotyphosa were isolated. High activity of the infection natural foci requires appropriate preventive measures.
New Approach for Diagnostics of VZV Infection by Using Real-Time PCR
Authors: Pham H. Ph. , Sidorov A. V. , Milovanova A. V. , Antonova T. P. , Lisakov A. N. , Nagieva F. G. , Alatortceva G. I. , Svitich O. A. , Kasanova A. C. , Lavrov V. F. , Zverev V. V.
Published: July 2018

Clinical picture of diseases caused by VZV in immunocompromised patients is often differed from healthy people and has no visible skin damage. Diagnostics in such cases is difficult but it is important to find out real reason of health deterioration for assignment the treatment. That explains usefulness of molecular methods in diagnostics of VZV-infection. So the goal of this study was checking out usefulness of diagnostics based on detection viral DNA in clinical samples by real-time PCR method. We used pools of peripheral blood samples from sick and healthy patients as clinical materials for analysis and Varilrix vaccine sample as a source of positive control viral DNA. Main methods used here were DNA extraction and real-time PCR in the version of TaqMan probes; amplification reactions were made in triplicates for each sample with standard deviation of threshold cycles less than 1.5%. Amplification results of clinical samples from patients were analyzed by comparison with the results from positive control viral DNA. Final resulting figures were slightly varied and dependent on selected for amplification VZV genome fragment (orf 29 or orf 38), and viral DNA had been detected in 48% of sick patients and only in 4% of practically healthy donors without zoster symptoms. Concluding, we approved the possibility of use real-time PCR as a molecular method for laboratory diagnostics VZV-infection including atypical and subclinical disease forms. One of the advantage of the method described is the possibility of DNA detection straight from blood samples (without extra purification steps such as preparation mononuclear cell fraction from blood samples), therefore this approach can accelerate and simplify diagnostic procedure.
Organization of Preventive Vaccination against Dysentery under Conditions of Critical Emergencies Caused by Flood (Using the Example of Khabarovsk Territory)
Authors: Zaitseva T. A. , Trotsenko O. E. , Balakhonov S. V. , Garbuz Yu. A. , Korita T. V. , Bondarenko A. P. , Karavyanskaya T. N.
Published: July 2018

Aim: epidemiological zoning of the territory of Khabarovsk region that was conducted in accordance with levels of potential epidemic risk regarding dysentery in order to specify the priority of vaccination measures and non-specific prophylaxis of the reported infection under conditions of liquidation of flood aftermath. Materials and methods. Epidemiological zoning of the territory of Khabarovsk region was conducted by ranging based on the sigmal deviation method of long-term annual average dysentery incidence rates. Efficiency evaluation of specific and non-specific prophylactic measures were conducted by comparison of dysentery incidence rates in 2013 with long-term annual average rates. Results and discussion. In the study, calculated sigmal intervals were used as criteria to classify administrative entities of Khabarovsk region as one of the groups ranged by the levels of tension of epidemiological situation in the territory: satisfactory, relatively tense, significantly tense, and critical. Two last groups of Khabarovsk region territories most of which are geographically associated with basin of the Amur River were classified as territories that are under risk of complication of the epidemiological situation on dysentery during the period of large-scale flood. Conducted analysis was used as the basis to provide emergency measures on preventive vaccination against dysentery and coverage with phage therapy of the population aggravated by flood of 2013. Conclusion. Through the example of Khabarovsk region, it was shown significance of detection of risk territories in order to substantiate specific prophylaxis of dysentery that is performed under epidemic indications. Significant decrease of dysentery incidence rates due to introduction of vaccination among inhabitants of most territories of Khabarovsk region covered by flood, it proves to be epidemiologically effective in the period of emergency situations.
Ways of Improving Epidemiological Surveillance of Natural Focal Infections
Authors: Korenberg E. I.
Published: July 2018

The fundamental theoretical and methodological shortcomings of modern organisation and implementation of epidemiological surveillance of natural focal infections are considered. The conclusion is made about the need to prepare a realistic programme of observations of state change in natural focal parasitic systems and contacts of the population with them. Its main goal is to obtain ecologo-epidemiological and socio-demographic data needed for short and medium term forecasting of the epidemiological manifestations of natural foci.
The characterization of TBEV of European subtype circulating in Siberia, Russia
Authors: Kozlova I. V. , Demina T. V. , Tkachev S. E. , Savinova Yu. S. , Doroshchenko E. K. , Lisak O. V. , Dzhioev Yu. P. , Suntsova O. V. , Verkhozina M. M. , Paramonov A. I. , Tikunova N. V. , Zlobin V. I. , Ruzek D. .
Published: July 2018

The aim of the study was to obtain the complex characteristics of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) of European subtype circulating in Western and Eastern Siberia. Using full-genome sequencing approach it was demonstrated that TBEV strains of European subtype isolated in Siberia are genetically similar to the strains from European part of its habitat range, and with the representatives from South Korea. It was confirmed that the homology of TBEV strains of European subtype isolated in different parts of the virus habitat area from Scandinavian countries in the west to the eastern borders of the area (South Korea) is much higher than the homology level of TBEV strains of Far Eastern and Siberian subtypes. The Siberian population of TBEV of European subtype is presented with two groups of strains called as Eastern Siberian and Western Siberian variants, which differ in the combinations of amino acid substitutions in all proteins except NS2B protein. It is found that TBEV strains of European subtype from Siberia possess high neurovirulence, but some of them, like strains from Europe, demonstrate low invasiveness. It is shown that TBEV strains of European subtype have good adaptive capacity, and therefore, can easily adapt to the circulation in various biocenoses in the territory of different landscape-geographical zones. It was found that the circulation of TBEV of European subtype is fixed in Siberia territory for over 40 years. It was emphasized that in spite of circulation of TBEV of European subtype in the significantly different areas by climatic conditions, topography, landscape, habitat characteristics it possesses a high degree of genome stability.
Results of Epidemiological Monitoring Bird Flu in Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Kasymbekova K. T. , Nurmatov Z. Sh. , Ostashenko A. N. , Raimbekov D. R.
Published: July 2018

The results of the study with modern molecular genetic research methods the circulation in the Kyrgyzstan territory avian flu virus in waterfowl and humans. Tested 3032 samples from 106 species of wild aquatic birds, of which 46 samples detected the flu virus, the proportion of positive samples was 1.5% (95% CI = 1.1 1.9). In 17 species of birds able to detect flu viruses. Avian influenza virus is more likely to appear among the following species of wild aquatic birds: black-headed gull, mallard, snipe, river terns, coots, common teal. Influenza A(H5N1) was found only in three samples from three birds: caspian gull, black-headed gull and mallard. Among people with clinical symptoms of acute respiratory infection and flui the laboratory testing virus A(H5N1) is not detected. The level of flu and acute respiratory viral infection of the population in areas located near lakes and wintering wetland birds was similar to that in other regions of the country.
Improving the Monitoring of Adverse Events Following Immunization (in Order of Discussion)
Authors: Briko N. I. , Namazova-Baranova L. S. , Lobzin Y. V. , Kharit S. M. , Nacharova E. P. , Feldblium I. V.
Published: July 2018

Detection of post-vaccination complications with the subsequent investigation of causes and measures to prevent their occurrence increases the perception of the immunization society and improves health care. This is primarily increases the immunization coverage, which leads to lower morbidity. The purpose of this article is to offer for discussion a new algorithm for the registration of diseases postvaccination period, based on a synthesis of the existing national system and modern international approaches.
Epizootic Activity and Epidemic Manifestation of Natural Fod of Tularemia in Voronezh Region
Authors: Mikhaylova T. V. , Demidova T. N. , Kormilitsyna M. I. , Kvasov D. A. , Kozorezov A. V. , Trankvilevsky D. B.
Published: July 2018

Tularemia natural foci were investigated in the 15 districts of the Voronezh region. 1533 small mammals of 11 species were captured in 2011, 2014 and 2015 to identify antigen and/or DNA of tularemia pathogen. In all the studied areas there are continuous epizootic of tularemia among small mammals. In the region there are permanent natural meadow-field, floodplain- swamp and forest foci. We can assume the existence of another focus, it is a steppe type. The most active foci observed in Kashirsky, Novokhopyorsky, Petropavlosky and Ramonsky districts. The stability and activity of natural foci is maintained by alternating different biocenoses with different animals and complex pathogen exchange between foci. The most active is meadow-field and floodplain-swamp foci. Common vole is the primary carrier of the infection in the meadow-field foci during the year. In the near-water habitats of the epizootic process in strong support of field mouse and common voles. Varied species composition of small mammals provides a long time functioning and epizootic activity of natural tularemia foci. The epidemiological situation is rather calm and stable for tularemia natural foci in the Voronezh region. In the region registered a low incidence of tularemia population. There has been an increase in the incidence of the urban population. Permanent vaccination and revaccination of the population remains the main preventive anti-epidemic measures against tularemia. The results indicate the functioning and epizootic activity of tularemia natural foci in Voronezh region. It requires constant monitoring of the territory and preventive interventions, primarily vaccination of people live tularemia vaccine.
The Ecology Features of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus of European Subtype in Siberia
Authors: Kozlova I. V. , Tkachev S. E. , Savinova Yu. S. , Demina T. V. , Doroshchenko E. K. , Lisak O. V. , Dzhioev Yu. P. , Suntsova O. V. , Verkhozina M. M. , Paramonov A. I. , Zlobin V. I. , Tikunova N. V. , Ruzek D. .
Published: July 2018

The aim of the study was to determine the ecology features of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) of European subtype circulating in Siberia. The strains of European subtype TBEV from Siberia were isolated in areas with different terrain types - from the plains to the midlands. The strains isolation areas differed in variety of landscapes, flora and fauna and were characterized by the presence of sharp-continental, or in some places - quite harsh climate. The composition of the main vectors and reservoir hosts of TBEV of European subtype in Siberia has its own features and is significantly different from that one in Europe. However, in spite of this, the homology of TBEV strains of European subtype isolated in different parts of habitat range of the virus from the Scandinavian countries in the West to its Eastern borders is much higher than the homology level degree of TBEV strains of FarEastern and Siberian subtypes.
Modern Approches in the Study of Tick-Borne Infections Fod Based on Modular Methods
Authors: Rudakov N. V. , Rudakova S. A. , Efimova A. P. , Drozdova O. M. , Lubenko A. F. , Petrova Yu. A. , Yakimenko V. V. , Dedkov V. A.
Published: July 2018

This paper presents a new ecological and epidemiological data on the distribution and the epidemic manifestation of natural foci of tick-borne infections in the Kemerovo region, taking into account the study of their combination with the use of modern molecular biology methods.