bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal aspects of implementation of competition in the sphere of rendering public (municipal) services
Authors: Fedoseeva Kristina
Published: June 2021

The subject of this research is the practice of application of antimonopoly legislation of the Russian Federation to budgetary (autonomous) institutions, including in the context of restricting the established by the Section 3 of the Article 15 of the Federal Law No.135-FZ of July 26, 2006 “On Protection of Competition". The goal consists in identification and analysis of possible legal issues emerging due to the dual nature of the status of such institutions, substantiated by the conducted reform for increasing their economic independence. The article provides a scientific assessment of legal consequences of recognition of the budgetary (autonomous) institutions as economic entities for the purpose of application of antimonopoly legislation, taking into account the existing ban on combining functions of government branches and functions of economic entities, as well as authorizing the economic entities for the functions and rights of these branches, including state control and supervision bodies. Content of the concept of “function of the government branch” is reviewed. The author’s special contribution consists in evaluation of the situation, in which in the monopolized by public entity spheres related to the exercise of powers, are established  budgetary (autonomous) institutions that charge for rendering services required and essential for provision of state (municipal) services. The article views the mechanism of social procurement as market-oriented, a competitive way of rendering services using budget funds by both governmental and nongovernmental organizations. The novelty of this work lies in conclusion on the need to consider the principle of fair competition in case if the public legal entity decides to forgo the implementation of a new competitive method for selection of executants established by the law on social procurement, and use the traditional scheme of approval of the state (municipal) assignment.
Systematization of the theories of corporate growth on the basis of the methodology of paradigms
Authors: Kuzmin Sergey Sergeevich
Published: June 2021

Multiple theories and models that examine different aspects of corporate growth can be systematized on the basis of the methodology of paradigms. For this purpose, the author determines the three dominant paradigms of growth (causal, paradigm of the results of growth, and process paradigm); each of them forms the methodological principles of growth research and original representation on the process of corporate growth. The methodology of causal paradigm is based on orientation towards determining causal relations (laws) responsible for the growth. Paradigm of the results synthesizes the theories and models of growth that study the life cycle of the companies and changes taking place on different stages. The concepts of process paradigm of growth view the company as a complex, self-organizing system, and follow the organizational changes that emerge as a result of growth. The present time marks the establishment of integration paradigm, which describes growth as a process of integrating companies into supra-organizational structures. This article attempts to systematize the theoretical approaches towards understanding the mechanisms and distinctive features of corporate growth based on the general scientific methodology of paradigms. The author believes that the fundamental difference between the proposed typology consists in  the focus on “natural” systematization, which is based not on the highlighted characteristics, analogies, isomorphic manifestations of growth essential for classification, but on homologies, i.e. characteristics based on the theoretical and methodological grounds shared by one or another group of theories, which set the general vector of research and representations on the peculiarities of the object of study — corporate growth. Such general principles of research comprise the core of a particular paradigm that encompasses a group of concepts of corporate growth.
“Philhellenes” and “Latinists” in the XVII century: texts in the context
Authors: Bogdanov Andrey Petrovich
Published: June 2021

This article is dedicated to the disputes on the enlightenment of Russia in the early 1680s. They emerged and continued due to the idea of Tsar Fyodor Alekseevich to open an Academy in Moscow: an autonomous university from the state and church authorities for preparing secular and religious personnel, which would teach in Polish, Greek, Latin and Russian languages. The article examines the positions of Russian and Greek Philhellenes. Some of them insisted on studying solely Greek language for preventing the distribution of knowledge in Latin and other languages. Others proved the advantage of Greek language in the educational system in all languages of science of that time. The author notes that the initiator of the Academy Sylvester Medvedev, who was later declared a “Latinist heretic”, took the second approach as the basis. The article refutes the modern attempts to change the perspective on dating, content and meaning of the primary sources, beginning with the Privilege of the Academy. The author substantiates that the Privilege was not a figment of Medvedev's imagination, but a Charter approved by the Tsar, which established the basic principles of the new university, namely the functions of faith protection were delegated by the tsar to the academic council. The implementation of measures against heresies, sorcery, etc., which were sternly formulated in the legislation,  since now on required the scholars’ examination. The objections of colleagues to the “harshness” of these measures, allegedly invented by Medvedev, were associated with legal ignorance. A substantial part of the article is aimed at familiarization of the colleagues with the legal, political, cultural and literary context, which contributes to the analysis of the sources.
Cholera as a present-day concern in perception of the dwellers of the county town of Tsaritsyn (based on the materials of the newspaper “Volzhsko-Donskoy Listok”)
Authors: Maksimova Irina Vasil'evna
Published: June 2021

The object of this research is the regional press as a source on the history of cholera epidemics of the late XIX century. The subject is the public moods and behavioral practices of the dwellers of the county town of Saratov governorate – Tsaritsyn, which was affected by cholera epidemic of 1892, in coverage of the regional press. The historiographical framework consists on the versatile and unique materials of the municipal newspaper "Volzhsko-Donskoy Listok", which are introduced into the scientific discourse for the first time. A detailed analysis of the annual publications of local press allowed tracing the chronology of the traditional approach towards perception of the poorly studied in literature cholera epidemics of 1892 in Tsaritsyn in the context of studying the history of everyday life. The author reveals this topic up until September 1893. Special attention is turned to examination of different stereotypical models of behavior that appeared to be widespread among the population, and became a somewhat response to the emerged situation of biological and social nature. The research is based on the interdisciplinary approach that implies comprehensive examination of the problem, involving the achievements in the history of medicine, historiography, psychology, sociology, etc. This article is the first attempt within the regional historiography to holistically examine the cholera epidemic of 1892 in Tsaritsyn. The conducted analysis of the newspaper “Volzhsko-Donskoy Listok” allowed to highly rate the informative capabilities of the regional press for studying cholera epidemics and their impact on life of the population in the post-reform period. The author offers the original classification of the whole variety of materials on the topic, as well as outlines the ways for their further usage.
Monitoring applications on the ZHORES cluster at Skoltech
Authors: Захаров Игорь Евгеньевич , Панарин Олег Анатольевич , Рыкованов Сергей Георгиевич , Загидуллин Ришат Раилевич , Малютин Антон Константинович , Шкандыбин Юрий Николаевич , Ермекова Асель Ермековна
Published: June 2021

Стандартные инструменты мониторинга для кластерных вычислительных систем позволяют оценить работу системы в целом, но не позволяют анализировать работу приложений по отдельности. Система мониторинга для измерения ресурсов, затребованных каждым приложением в отдельности разработана в Сколтехе для высокопроизводительного кластера ZHORES. Система мониторинга собирает как обычные метрики загрузки процессоров и графических ускорителей, так и счетчики событий ЦПУ/ГПУ, которые позволяют более детально анализировать тип ресурса, затребованный приложением. Сервисные программы, развернутые на каждом узле кластера, посылают результаты измерений в единую базу данных временных рядов с шагом в одну секунду. Эти данные затем анализируются статистическими методами в режиме оффлайн для выделения характеристик, связанных с использованием вычислительных ресурсов каждым приложением. Мониторинг позволяет выявлять неэффективное программное обеспечение, производить тонкую настройку работы кластера, а также улучшать работу высокопроизводительной системы в целом.
Choledocho-nodal Fistula: Uncommon Cause of Obstructive Jaundice in a Patient with HCC Diagnosed by Combined ERCP/EUS
Authors: Emara Mohamed H. , Zaghloul Mariam S. , Mahros Aya M. , Emara Emad H
Published: June 2021

A 58-year-old male patient presented with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma underwent transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatic focal lesions followed by TACE for a solitary hilar nodal metastasis combined with regorafenib therapy. One month later, the patient developed progressive jaundice. Work-up showed obstructive jaundice with intrahepatic biliary radicles dilatation. The diagnosis and treatment was achieved by combining endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasonography and showed uncommon cause of obstructive jaundice due to common bile duct compression by a choledocho-nodal fistula following TACE of a metastatic hilar lymph node.
Factors associated with cerebrospinal fluid leak after a retrosigmoid approach for cerebellopontine angle surgery
Authors: Montano Nicola , Signorelli Francesco , Giordano Martina , D’Onofrio Federica Ginevra , Izzo Alessandro , D’Ercole Manuela , Ioannoni Eleonora , Pennisi Giovanni , Caricato Anselmo , Pallini Roberto , Olivi Alessandro
Published: June 2021

Background:

The retrosigmoid approach represents a crucial surgical route to address different lesions in the cerebellopontine angle but cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak still remains the most frequent complication after this approach. Here, we analyzed the impact of different factors in CSF leak development after a retrosigmoid approach. Identifying risk factors related to a specific approach may help the surgeon to tailor the perioperative management and to appropriately counsel patients regarding their risk profile.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical, surgical, and outcome data of 103 consecutive patients (M/F, 47/56; mean follow-up 35.6 ± 23.9 months) who underwent a retrosigmoid approach for different cerebellopontine angle pathologies and studied the impact of different factors on the occurrence of a CSF leak to univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results:

Seventy-nine patients (76.7%) were operated for tumors growing in the cerebellopontine angle. Twenty-four patients (23.2%) underwent microvascular decompression to treat a drug-resistant trigeminal neuralgia. Sixteen patients (15.5%) developed CSF leak in the postoperative course of which six underwent surgical revision. Performing a craniectomy as surgical procedure (P = 0.0450) and performing a reopening procedure (second surgery; P = 0.0079) were significantly associated to a higher risk of developing CSF leak. Moreover, performing a reopening procedure emerged as an independent factor for CSF developing on multivariate analysis (P = 0.0156).

Conclusion:

Patients submitted to craniectomy and patients who underwent a second surgery showed an higher CSF leak rate. Ongoing improvement of biomaterial technology may help neurosurgeons to prevent this potentially life-threatening complication.
Effect of cranioplasty timing on the functional neurological outcome and postoperative complications
Authors: Aloraidi Ahmed , Alkhaibary Ali , Alharbi Ahoud , Alnefaie Nada , Alaglan Abeer , AlQarni Abdulaziz , Elarjani Turki , Arab Ala , Abdullah Jamal M. , Almubarak Abdulaziz Oqalaa , Abbas Munzir , Khairy Ibtesam , Almadani Wedad H. , Alowhaibi Mohammed , Alarifi Abdulaziz , Khairy Sami , Alkhani Ahmed
Published: June 2021

Background:

The optimal timing for performing cranioplasty and its effect on functional outcome remains debatable. Multiple confounding factors may come into role; including the material used, surgical technique, cognitive assessment tools, and the overall complications. The aim of this study is to assess the neurological outcome and postoperative complications in patients who underwent early versus late cranioplasty.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to investigate the neurological outcome and postoperative complications in patients who underwent cranioplasty between 2005 and 2018 at a Level l trauma center. Early and late cranioplasties were defined as surgeries performed within and more than 90 days of decompressive craniectomy, respectively. The Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) and modified Rankin scale (mRS), recorded within 1 week of cranioplasty, were used to assess the neurological outcome.

Results:

A total of 101 cases of cranioplasty were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 31.4 ± 13.9 years. Most patients (n = 86; 85.1%) were male. The mean GOS for all patients was 4.0 ± 1.0. The mean mRS was 2.2 ± 1.78. Hydrocephalus was noted in 18 patients (early, n = 6; late, n = 12; P = 0.48). Seizures developed in 28 patients (early, n = 12; late, n = 16; P = 0.77).

Conclusion:

The neurological outcome in patients who underwent early versus late cranioplasty is almost identical. The differences in the rates of overall postoperative complications between early versus late cranioplasty were statistically insignificant. The optimal timing for performing cranioplasty is mainly dependent on the resolution of cerebral swelling.
Ensuring competitiveness in the twenty-first century: features of human resource management
Authors: Madyarov A. A.
Published: June 2021

The formation of an innovative economy imposes new obligations on various industries and spheres of activity. The relevance of using new management methods and approaches is increasing. The identification of methods for integrating HR practices used by organizations in the process of digital transformation into the strategic context of the information society is of both scientific and practical interest. The challenges facing the Russian economy motivate the management of Russian organizations to respond in a timely manner to the dynamism of the external environment. The systematization of the main provisions of the Concept of Development of the Russian Federation until 2020, reports of consulting companies, reports of leading Russian banks - the best employers in Russia indicates the readiness of the latter to respond to external threats of the new strategic context. Further improvement of management methods and personnel practices will ensure both the development of the Russian economy as a whole and the attractiveness of Russian organizations for highly qualified specialists. In the context of the information society, it is recommended to continue the consistent and systematic implementation of new management techniques.
Crowdfunding: features, trends and ways of development in modern Russia
Authors: Bulatova V. B.
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of a study of the Russian crowdfunding market, within the framework of which reveals the content of the concept of “crowd finance”, describes the main segments - crowdfunding, crowdlanding and crowdinvesting. The paper analyses the structure of the crowdfunding ecosystem in Russia, identifies its specific features. Based on the analysis of the industry legislation, the study reveals the problematic points, justifies the need for introducing appropriate adjustments. According to the results of the study, the author proves the need for further development of crowd technologies in the domestic financial market, primarily due to the improvement of external conditions and regulatory mechanisms. The paper used the following scientific methods and approaches: observation, comparison, generalization, analysis, logical and system-structural approaches.
Assessment of the financial stability of the results of the organization of Sevastopol
Authors: Sachenok L. I.
Published: June 2021

The assessment of economic stability and solvency is the main element of the analysis of the financial condition necessary for control, allowing to assess the risk of breach of obligations under the calculations of the enterprise. The purpose of the study was to assess the economic stability of the organization and develop measures to improve it in a market economy. The subject was the study of the financial condition of the organization in the aspect of economic stability. The paper evaluates the results of the economic activities of the micro-enterprise LLC “Solveks Group”. The author gives the characteristics of the organization, investigates the reporting indicators to identify errors in enterprise management. The enterprise was unprofitable for a long time, but recently began to make a profit. It became necessary to determine whether this trend is really positive, or whether it hides new problems. The study carries out an analysis of the liquidity and solvency of the organization, during which identifies a number of problems. The author makes recommendations for improving financial stability.
Financial management of fish and seafood processing enterprises in Vietnam during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pham T. H.
Published: June 2021

The article analyses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the financial state of enterprises in the fish and seafood processing industry in Vietnam. The most important condition for maintaining stable development is effective financial management of the enterprise. During the pandemic, when demand decreased, this led to a reduction in supply. The state of imports and exports was difficult due to the lack of human resources due to the health situation, the closure of the country's borders. This circumstance has seriously affected production, and, consequently, the financial situation of fish and seafood processing enterprises. The paper concludes that the financial management system of these enterprises should be aimed at their effective use in the face of emerging problems. The author proposes solutions for increasing the financial resources of enterprises.
Social activities of non-governmental organizations in relation to families with children
Authors: Sadykov R. M. , Bolshakova N. L. , Khamadeeva R. H.
Published: June 2021

The article considers the social activities of non-governmental organizations in relation to families with children in the context of the modernization of the system of social services for the population, which is aimed at encouraging citizens to independently overcome life difficulties. The paper analyses the social activities of commercial and non-profit organizations, innovative technologies, the quality and variety of services provided to families in need. The authors determine the main barriers to their interaction with government agencies. The study notes, that social activities of commercial and non-commercial organizations expand the range of social services, their accessibility to the population, improve the quality and efficiency. The paper defines the priority directions of activities of socially oriented NGOs in relation to families and children in the context of Russian realities: assistance to families in the development and upbringing of children, assistance in employment and adaptation of mothers, social support for families in need, etc. The study established that the non-governmental sector responds quickly to the needs of citizens and acute social problems, which allows it to be an effective performer of social services. The authors conclude that in Russia it is necessary to form an effective management system for the development of non-governmental organizations as providers of services to families in need, optimize inter-sectoral collaboration. Social activities of the non-governmental sector have great potential and development prospects.
Typology of digital organizations in the context of digital transformation
Authors: He M.
Published: June 2021

The article aims at a conceptual explanation of the components of digital transformation, including such concepts as “digital organization”, “digitization”, “digitalization”, and “digital “destruction”. The reviews of research in the field of digital transformation have shown that there are different explicit definitions of concepts and they are quite heterogeneous. This made it possible to develop definitions of the relevant concepts, resulting in two different conceptual clusters: arbitrary and involuntary concepts. The first cluster covers concepts grouped around the result of a digital organization. The second cluster refers to violations that give rise to a marginal organization. Based on the review of research on digitalization the author presented a typology of digital organizations, which includes four types: analog organization, digital organization of the first, second and third types. The developed typology is a classic version of the typology: two types with minimum and maximum digitalization, which correspond to the end points of this combination. Between them are two more types with a consistently increasing intensity of digitization. It is obvious that the digitalization of organizations begins with the second type, which is characterized by the rapid application of digital technologies and gradually increases to the fourth type, which represents the strategic integration of digital technologies.
Techniques of synergistic effect formation in marketing communications on the aesthetic medicine market
Authors: Bernikova E. V. , Tikhonova E. V.
Published: June 2021

The article analyses the experience of the Russian distribution company of the market of aesthetic medicine in implementing the communication strategy of a new educational product in a turbulent marketing environment. The paper formulates the principles of establishing profitable communication with core audiences, substantiates the choice of marketing communications instruments, as well as the techniques for their combination and the development of advertising material used for achieving synergistic effect from marketing and advertising activities. The authors notice a high value of Integrated marketing communications in the projects of launching new products to the market. The results of the study can be used by marketing specialists to form an effective communication system in small and medium-sized businesses that provides a commercial enterprise with a highly profitable result from advertising campaigns with limited deadlines and budgets.
Development of the Russian Far East and the Arctic: demographic aspect
Authors: Serikov S. G. , Ganina T. N.
Published: June 2021

The article considers the geostrategic territories of the Russian Far East and the Arctic. The paper emphasizes the need to ensure the accelerated socio-economic development of these territories in order to preserve and strengthen the positions of Russia as an energy and mineral-raw superpower. In the course of analyzing the demographic situation, the authors identified the main reasons for the migration movement of the population, and also assessed the impact of the demographic situation on the socio-economic development of the Russian Far East and the Arctic. The study established that the attraction of labor resources to the extractive industry would quickly increase the gross regional product from the use of the existing resource and energy base of the macro region. The use of the natural resource potential of the Far East and the Arctic will strengthen the status of Russia in the international arena as an energy and mineral-raw superpower.
Two Faces of the Two Phase Thermodynamic Model
Authors: Madarász Ádám , Hamza Andrea , Ferenc Dávid , Bakó Imre
Published: June 2021

The quantum harmonic model and the two-phase thermodynamics method (2PT) are widely used to obtain quantum corrected properties such as isobaric heat capacities or molar entropies. 2PT heat capacities were calculated inconsistently in the literature. For water the classical heat capacity was also considered, but for organic liquids it was omitted. We reanalyzed the performance of different quantum corrections on the heat capacities of common organic solvents against experimental data. We have pointed out serious flaws in previous 2PT studies. The vibrational density of states was calculated incorrectly causing 39 \% relative error in diffusion coefficients and 45 \% error in the 2PT heat capacities. The wrong conversion of isobaric isochoric heat capacity also caused about 40 \% error but in the other direction. We have introduced the concept of anharmonic correction which is simply the deviation of the classical heat capacity from that of the harmonic oscillator model. This anharmonic contribution is around +30-40 J/mol/K for water depending on the water model and -8-10 J/mol/K for hydrocarbons and halocarbons. AC is unrealistically large, +40 J/K/mol for alcohols and amines indicating some deficiency of the OPLS force field. The accuracy of the computations was also assessed with the determination of the self-diffusion coefficients.
Modular Type III Porous Liquids based on Porous Organic Cage Microparticles
Authors: Kai Aiting , Egleston Benjamin D. , Clowes Rob , Briggs Michael E. , Cooper Andrew I. , Greenaway Rebecca L.
Published: June 2021

The dispersion of particulate porous solids in size-excluded liquids has emerged as a method to create Type III porous liquids, mostly using insoluble microporous materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and zeolites. Here, we present the first examples of Type III porous liquids based on porous organic cages (POCs). By exploiting the solution processability of the POCs, racemic and quasiracemic cage microparticles were formed by chiral recognition. Dispersion of these porous microparticles in a range of size-excluded liquids, including oils and ionic liquids, formed stable POC-based Type III porous liquids. The flexible pairing between the solid POC particles and a carrier liquid allows the formation of a range of compositions, pore sizes, and other physicochemical properties to suit different applications and operating conditions. For example, we show that it is possible to produce porous liquids with relatively low viscosities (7-14 mpa∙s) or high thermal stability (325 °C). A 12.5 wt. % Type III porous liquid comprising racemic POC microparticles and an ionic liquid, [BPy][NTf2], shows a CO2 working capacity (104.30 μmol/gL) that is significantly higher than the neat ionic liquid (37.27 μmol/gL) between 25 °C and 100 °C. This liquid is colloidally stable and can be recycled at least 10 times without loss of CO2 capacity.
Heck-Type Coupling of Fused Bicyclic Vinylcyclopropanes: Synthesis of 1,2-Dihydropyridines, 2,3-Dihydro-1H-Azepines, 1,4-Cyclohexadienes, 2H-Pyrans, and 1,3-Butadienes
Authors: Wurzer Nikolai , Klimczak Urszula , Babl Tobias , Fischer Sebastian , Angnes Ricardo A. , Rehbein Julia , Reiser Oliver
Published: June 2021

Herein, we report a versatile approach for the endocyclic ring-opening of bicyclic vinylcyclopropanes triggered by Heck arylations. Key step for this transformation is a [1,3]-migratory shift of Pd allowing the ring expansion of cyclopropanated pyrroles, piperidines, furans as well as cyclopentadienes to grant access to the corresponding 1,2-dihydropyridines, 2H-pyrans, 2,3-dihydro-1H-azepines and 1,4-cyclohexadienes, respectively. Additionally, gem-disubstituted cyclopropanated furans showed unexpected behavior by giving diastereoselectively asymmetrically substituted dienes. Mechanistic studies and theoretical calculations point towards a facile [1,3]-migratory shift of Pd along the cyclopropane moiety, which can successfully compete with the usual termination step of a Heck reaction via a syn-b-hydride elimination.
Improved pH-Controlled Release of Phenformin from Low-Defect Graphene Compared to Graphene Oxide
Authors: Alhourani Abdelnour , Førde Jan-Lukas , Eichacker Lutz , Herfindal Lars , Hagland Hanne
Published: June 2021

Graphene-based drug carriers provide a promising addition to current cancer drug 8 delivery options. Increased accessibility of high-quality graphene made by plasma- enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PE-CVD) makes it an attractive material to re-visit in comparison to the widely studied graphene oxide (GO) in drug delivery. Here we show the potential of re-purposing the metabolic drug phenformin for cancer treatment in terms of stability, binding, and pH-controlled release. Using covalent attachment of polyethylene glycol (PEG) onto pristine (PE-CVD) graphene, we show that the PEG stabilized graphene nanosheets (PGNS) drug carrier is stable in aqueous solutions, exhibit a higher binding affinity towards phenformin than conventional GO. Moreover, we experimentally demonstrate an improved drug release in PGNS than GO in pH levels lower than physiological conditions comparable to an acidic tumor microenvironment.
Functional Switching of a Native Neuropeptide Through Interactions with Pathogenic Factors in Dementia
Authors: Han Jiyeon , Nam Eunju , Yoon Jiwon , Qian Tongrui , Li Yulong , Lee Seung-Hee , Lim Mi Hee
Published: June 2021

We discovered that the function of a native neuropeptide, somatostatin (SST), is switched through its conformational transition in the presence of metal ions, metal-free amyloid-beta (Abeta), and metal-bound Abeta that are associated with toxicity observed in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease patients.
Concise and Stereoselective Total Syntheses of Annotinolides C, D, and E
Authors: Qu Pei , Snyder Scott
Published: June 2021

The annotinolides are one of the most recent additions to the Lycopodium family of alkaloids, with its members possessing challenging, caged structures that include a [3.2.1]-bicyclic core bearing six contiguous stereocenters, including oxa-, aza-, and all-carbon quaternary centers. Herein, we document a concise and stereoselective route that achieves the first total syntheses of three of its members: annotinolides C, D, and E. Key operations include a gold(I)-catalyzed Conia-ene reaction that fashions much of the main core in a single operation, as well as a number of other challenging and chemoselective transformations to generate the remaining elements. Moreover, efforts utilizing the natural products themselves, seeking adjustments in their oxidation states and the rearrangement of individual ring systems, sheds light on their potential biogenesis with some outcomes counter to those originally proposed. Finally, formal enantioenriched syntheses of the target molecules are also presented.
O espaço da dor: o regime de 64 no romance brasileiro
Authors: Dalcastagnè Regina
Published: June 2021

O golpe militar de 1964 marcou profundamente a cultura brasileira. Essas marcas estão refletidas na nossa literatura, que viveu e expressou a angústia daqueles “anos de chumbo”, um período conturbado e caótico que inspirou diversas obras de indiscutível qualidade literária. Nove delas são analisadas neste livro.
Latim : língua e cultura
Authors: Sá Michele Eduarda Brasil de
Published: June 2021

Este material instrucional foi elaborado especificamente para o ensino de língua latina na disciplina Língua Latina I da Universidade de Brasília.
رؤية إستراتيجية عربية للتدريب الأمني في ضوء التحديات والتهديدات المشتركة
Authors:   College of Strategic Studies Naif Arab University for Security Sciences Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Almubaideen Akef
Published: June 2021

ركَّزت هذه الدراسة على التوصُّل إلى منظومة خاصة بالتدريب الأمني في العالم العربي، وبخاصةٍ في ظل تزايُد التهديدات والتحديات التي تواجهها الأجهزة الأمنية العربية في عالمنا المعاصر، وذلك بهدف تعزيز قدرات أفراد الأجهزة الأمنية على المواجهة الواقعية للمشكلات والتحديات التي تهدد أمن البلاد العربية. ورسمت الدراسةُ خريطةً بالأخطار التي تواجهها العناصر الأمنية، وكشفت عن تطور مهام أجهزة الشرطة وأدوارها في أغلب الدول العربية، وناقشت واقع التدريب الأمني مقارنةً بالمؤشرات الدولية، وانتهت إلى اقتراح تصوُّر لإستراتيجية عربية للتدريب الأمني. واعتمدت الدراسة على منهجية تحليل النظم، ولقد أكدت نتائجُها تشابُهَ الأدوار الفعلية التي تقوم بها الأجهزة الشرطية العربية، وأن الأدوار المعلنة للشرطة بعيدة عن التحديات الجسيمة التي تقوم بها هذه الأجهزة. وفيما يتصل بالتدريب الأمني، أكدت نتائج الدراسة أن هناك كثيرًا من المشكلات المرتبطة به، على الرغم ممَّا طرأ عليه من تطوُّرات، وأن هناك نُدرةً في المراكز الأمنية المختصة بدراسات المستقبل في المجال الأمني العربي. وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة تأسيس مراكز خاصة بالتدريب الأمني، والاهتمام بإعداد المدربين المتخصصين في مجالات التدريب الأمني، وبناء قاعدة بيانات عن الخبراء في هذا المجال.
Nutrient regime of irrigated meadow-chernozem soils under long-term intensive use
Authors: Khramtsov I. F. , Boyko V. S.
Published: June 2021

The patterns of phosphorus and potassium status of soils were studied given the improvement of agricultural technologies of irrigated agriculture. Long-term studies were carried out in an experimental grain-grass crop rotation on irrigated meadow-chernozem soil. The experimental plot is located in the southern forest-steppe of Omsk region. Intensive use of irrigated arable land with a rational combination of moisture and mineral nutrition regimes contributes to obtaining maximum yields of forage and grain crops. The creation of various conditions for mineral nutrition due to an increased and high supply of mobile phosphorus and with the application of different options of agricultural technologies made it possible to simulate possible agro-ecological conditions that form contrasting indices of crop productivity. A comparative assessment of the effectiveness of various agricultural approaches to growing crops under irrigation conditions indicates that soil cultivation techniques and forecrops did not significantly affect the content of available phosphorus in the soil. The equilibrium content of mobile phosphorus given a long-term negative balance changed insignificantly. The systematic application of phosphorus-containing fertilizers significantly increased the phosphate status of the soil. However, an adequate assessment of the phosphate status of arable soils is possible using several diagnostic indices (methods). Long-term intensive use of irrigated arable land has reduced the reserves of easily exchangeable potassium from 4 to 1–2 mg/100 g of soil in the arable layer. The content of exchangeable potassium has also decreased by almost 2 times, but the soil remains in a high and very high class of its availability. However, a number of indicators show its increasing depletion in the most mobile fractions of soil potassium. The reserves of non-exchangeable potassium are more stable, which have decreased by about 19% over 40 years, and the soil has passed into the category with an unstable supply.
Seed production of perennial grasses in the Far North
Authors: Motorin A. S. , Denisov A. A.
Published: June 2021

The results of research on improving disturbed lands by sowing them with perennial grasses are presented. The methods of seed production of perennial cereal grasses, the genotype of which allows to go through all development phases during a short warm period and resume their growth the next year, were studied. The study was carried out in the forest-tundra zone of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug on an oldarable (30-year development) surface-podzolic eluvial-gleyic soil in 2016-2018. It was established that sowing perennial grasses for seeds using a wide-row method is more effective than conventional row planting. On average in 2 years, the yield of seeds of red fescue grass was 0.36 t/ha, which is 0.08 t/ha or 28.6%, higher with a wide-row sowing method than with the conventional row planting. It was established that a decrease in the seeding rate by half ensures an increase in the yield of seeds compared to the previously recommended rates. The yield of seeds of red fescue grass with a reduced seeding rate and a wide-row sowing method on average in 2 years was 0.39 t/ha, alpine bluegrass – 0.6 t/ha, which was 0.02–0.06 t/ha higher than with full seeding rates, respectively. Sowing of cereal grasses in the middle of September (before winter) proved to be promising. The seed yield of Bering meadow grass sown in early-winter was noted to be higher (by 83%) than in the spring period; the yield of red fescue grass was practically the same in both studied variants. The maximum seed yield is formed by local species of perennial grasses.
Limitations of the Danish driving formula for short piles
Authors: de Abreu Vieira Silvio Heleno , R. Lopes Francisco
Published: June 2021

Dynamic formulae are a widely used expedient for the control of driven piles to ensure load capacity. These formulae have considerable limitations when used in the prediction of the load capacity on their own, but are very useful in the control of a piling when combined with other tests. This technical note presents an evaluation of the Danish Formula for 54 precast concrete piles, comparing its results with High Strain Dynamic Tests (HSDTs), Static Load Tests (SLTs) and predictions by a semi-empirical static method (Aoki & Velloso, 1975). The data used in the comparison come from three works in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. All piles were driven with free-fall hammers and in one particular work the piles were relatively short. The predictions of the Danish Formula were evaluated in relation to the pile length/diameter ratio. It was concluded that for short piles - with lengths less than 30 times the diameter - this formula indicates bearing capacities higher than the actual ones. A correction for a safe use of the Danish Formula for short piles is suggested.
Adana ve Osmaniye illeri yerfıstığı üretim alanlarında Yeşilkurt, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)’nın yaygınlığı, bulaşıklık oranları ve popülasyon değişimi
Authors: BADEMCİ Mahmut , SERTKAYA Erdal
Published: June 2021

Adana ve Osmaniye illeri ülkemiz tarımında yerfıstığı üretim ve ekili alanın büyük bir bölümünü karşılayarak, ülke ekonomisine önemli katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışma, Adana ve Osmaniye’de yerfıstığı ekim alanlarında zararlı Yeşilkurt [Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lep;Noctuidae)]’un yaygınlığı, bulaşıklığı ve popülasyon değişimini belirlemek amacıyla 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Zararlının larva ve ergin popülasyonu iki farklı tarlada haftalık olarak takip edilmiş olup, larva popülasyonu doğrudan bitki üzerinde sayım yapılarak, ergin popülasyonu ise funnel tipi feromon tuzak kullanılarak izlenmiştir. Yerfıstığı ekiminin yoğun olarak yapıldığı alanlarda, zararlının yaygınlığı ve bulaşıklığını belirlemek için haftalık sürveyler yapılmıştır. Tarla büyüklüğüne göre belirlenen beş farklı noktada sayımlar yapılarak, yaygınlık ve bulaşıklık durumu tespit edilmiştir. Zararlının larva popülasyonu 2017 yılında Osmaniye’de 14 larva/bitki ile Ekonomik Zarar Eşiğinin üzerine çıkmış ve insektisit uygulamasından sonra düşmüştür. Bunun dışında Adana ve Osmaniye’de zararlının popülasyonu Ekonomik Zarar Eşiğinin altında gerçekleşmiştir. Her iki ilde de 2017 yılında ergin popülasyonu temmuz ve eylül aylarında iki tepe noktasına ulaşmış, 2018 yılında ise düşük seviyede seyretmiştir. H. armigera ile bulaşıklık oranı 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında değişkenlik göstermiştir. Adana’da, 2017 yılında %40.26 olan bulaşma oranı, 2018 yılında %17.91 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Osmaniye’de ise 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında bulaşıklık oranı sırası ile %36.36 ve %48.28 olmuştur. 2017 yılında tarla içi bulaşıklık her iki ilde de 0.2-1.0 larva/bitki iken, 2018 yılında 0.2-0.8 larva/bitki olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Sürvey yapılan üretim alanlarında H.armigera’nın birinci ürün olarak yetiştirilen yerfıstığında ekonomik anlamda sorun teşkil etmediği ancak ikinci ürünün çiçeklenme döneminde dikkat edilmesi ve bu konuda araştırma yapılması önerilmektedir.
Gestión de la innovación en turismo
Authors: Velázquez Castro Judith Alejandra , Briones-Juárez Abraham , Ramos-Sánchez Pedro Alfonso
Published: June 2021

La gestión de la innovación es una estrategia de adaptación ante situaciones adversas, ya que contribuye a disminuir la incertidumbre dentro de la organización. Y a la par, puede propiciar la exploración de nuevas alternativas para generar cambios y, desarrollar o potenciar las habilidades de las empresas turísticas para hacer frente a las transiciones dinámicas y constantes del sector.
Aplicación de técnica de cocción sous vide en productos cárnicos (solomillo)
Authors: Vázquez Hernández Alexia , Onofre Sánchez Jair Emmanuel , Ramírez Godínez Juan
Published: June 2021

Las técnicas y métodos de cocción han tenido una gran cantidad de cambios a lo largo de la historia. A partir de la nouvlle cuisine, se buscan preparaciones más ligeras donde resaltaran los sabores. La técnica de sous vide creada por Georges Pralus en 1974 ha revolucionado la forma de cocinar.  La cocción al vacío es una técnica de cocción de alimentos diseñado para mantener la integridad de los ingredientes y sus cualidades organolépticas.

Esta práctica tiene como objetivo presentar cuales son las ventajas de aplicar esta técnica en alimentos cárnicos, solomillo de res, donde se envasara el producto en un empaque hermético además de que la cocción será de manera controlada solo llegando al punto de cocción.
Técnicas de aprendizaje
Authors: Hernández Mendoza Jorge , Moreno Islas Heriberto
Published: June 2021

Las técnicas de aprendizaje son un procedimiento mediante el cual un estudiante adopta una manera de aprender y obtener conocimientos que este implica, la aplicación de estas técnicas es importante ya que permiten corregir ciertos hábitos para mejorar y/o reforzar un rendimiento académico sustancialmente y fortalecer sus propios estímulos, además es considerado como una herramienta muy útil al momento de estudiar porque ayuda a agilizar la mente y tener una buena memoria para el futuro. Así mismo estas técnicas permiten al estudiante lograr aprendizajes desde el saber ser, saber estar, saber hacer y saber convivir mediante ideas, juicios, conceptos; es decir, desarrollar sus habilidades para un mejor desempeño.
Bacterias ácido lácticas de bebidas vegetales fermentadas: Producción de metabolitos y propiedades antimicrobianas
Authors: Lugo Liliana , Cruz-Cansino Nelly del Socorro , Cervantes-Elizarrarás Alicia , Delgado-Olivares Luis , Ariza-Ortega José Alberto , Zafra-Rojas Quinatzin Yadira
Published: June 2021

Los jugos de frutos y hortalizas fermentados con Bacterias Ácido Lácticas (BAL) son productos que por los cambios estructurales ocasionados durante el proceso de fermentación han ganado relevancia dentro de los alimentos funcionales, además de las características nutricionales propias del fruto como los antioxidantes, que además de coadyuvar en el tratamiento de enfermedades no transmisibles que se caracterizan por el estrés oxidativo presentan propiedades antimicrobianas. Las BAL son microorganismos que al consumirlos ayudan sobre la colonización intestinal promoviendo equilibrio, tiene efectos asociados a la inmunidad, coadyuvan en distintas enfermedades no transmisibles. Otra aplicación relevante de los jugos fermentados es la síntesis de compuestos antimicrobianos como las bacteriocinas, que extiende la posibilidad de utilizar estos productos en el área farmacéutica, se conoce que tienen efectividad contra microorganismos patógenos resistentes. Con el consumo de estos productos se quiere promover el aporte adecuado de antioxidante, lograr un equilibrio en la microbiota y al mismo tiempo disminuir las resistencias microbiológicas a los fármacos.
¿Qué elegir? ¿Leche de vaca o leches vegetales?
Authors: Callejas Escamilla Dulce Amor , De Jesús Venancio Yeini , Cortés Morales Sandra de Jesús , Ortiz García Dania Itzel , Bautista Soto Dulce Elena , Pérez Casasola Deyanira Itzel , Ramírez Moreno Esther
Published: June 2021

La leche de consumo humano es proveniente del ganado vacuno, mientras que las consideradas como leches vegetales denominadas “bebidas vegetales”, son productos que provienen principalmente de oleaginosas, cereales, como la avena y el arroz. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue establecer una comparación de la composición nutrimental de bebidas vegetales y leches de vaca. El contenido calórico, proteico, de lípidos y de ácidos grasos saturados fue más alto en las leches de vaca que en las bebidas vegetales, mientras que estas últimas presentan un mejor perfil lipídico por el contenido de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados y solo en la bebida de soya el aporte de proteína fue similar al de la leche de vaca. Respecto a la concentración de las vitaminas A y D no hubo una diferencia significativa entre ambas. Finalmente, la leche de vaca es un alimento fundamental en la dieta por la calidad en su composición nutricional, pero las bebidas vegetales pueden ser una alternativa para grupos específicos de la población; sin embargo, algunas presentan exceso de azúcares añadidos por lo que su consumo debe ser moderado.
Fibra dietética: historia, definición y efectos en la salud
Authors: Alanís-García Ernesto , González-Rubio Perla Yesenia , Delgado-Olivares Luis , Cruz-Cansino Nelly del Socorro
Published: June 2021

La fibra dietética es un componente de la dieta ampliamente estudiado, debido a que se le atribuyen una gran variedad de beneficios en la salud del consumidor. Existen diversas definiciones y clasificaciones para la fibra dietética, esta diversidad se genera por las distintas áreas que la que se estudian, una de las clasificaciones más aceptadas se basa en el grado de hidratación con agua, teniendo fibras solubles e insolubles. Sus efectos funcionales pueden ser tecnológicos o nutracéuticos, los primeros son las propiedades que otorga a un alimento, y los segundos los beneficios que genera en la salud. La fibra dietética puede encontrarse de forma natural en los alimentos o puede ser añadida en su elaboración. Es necesario tener un consumo adecuado de fibra dietética para poder disponer de todos los beneficios que brinda, desde sus efectos en la salud digestiva, hasta su papel en la prevención y tratamiento de diversas patologías.