bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Profile and Visual Outcome of Optic Neuritis Patients in Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, India
Authors: Naik Gajaraj Tulsidas , Krishnamurthy Hemalatha , S.M Pradeep Kumar , Rashmi Suria , Neeralgi Meghana , M.K. Asma , Shet Varna , Zille Sheetal Vaijanath
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND Blindness is a major health problem worldwide and India has been an epicenter in the number of blindness cases. The causes of blindness, natural history differs between western countries and India. When it comes to optic neuritis the pattern in developing countries is different than developed countries. Multiple sclerosis is one of the major causes of disability disease in US and one of the most common early manifestations is optic neuritis. Early identification and early management have shown promises in reducing ocular morbidity as well as neurological morbidity and recurrences. But the trend of optic neuritis in India is very different and not many studies have been conducted to know about this disease and its causes in this geographical region. We wanted to evaluate the clinical profile and visual outcome of optic neuritis in India. METHODS It was a prospective study done for a duration of 10.8 +/- 8.4 months in which all patients clinically diagnosed with optic neuritis were studied. Thirty patients were included in the study. They were followed up and visual parameters were assessed and thus clinical profiling and visual outcomes were done. RESULTS Mean age was 39.3667 ± 14.03563 years. Female preponderance was seen (63.33 % of cases). Retrobulbar neuritis (56.7 % of eyes) was more common than papillitis (43.33 % of eyes) but papillitis was a more common presentation in males (73.7 %). Bilateral presentation was seen in 23.33 % cases. All patients complained of DOV but pain on ocular movements were complained by 36.66 % patients. Baseline median logMAR visual acuity (VA) was 1.17 ± 0.8, which improved to 1.6 ± 0.6, within one week and 0.79 +/- 0.6 within one month improving to 0.55 +/- 0.6 in three months. Approximately 64.68 % of eyes retained VA of or 6/18 or more. Colour vision recovery was noted in 39.86 %. Demyelinating lesions in the brain were present in 2 patients, one of which was already diagnosed as MS. One case on follow up was eventually diagnosed as multiple sclerosis. CONCLUSIONS In Indian scenario the profile of optic neuritis is different. Here incidence of papillitis is more or equal to that of retrobulbar optic neuritis, visual recovery is poor, causes being more of infectious or idiopathic and less recurrence rate. KEY WORDS Optic Neuritis, Clinical Profile, Visual Outcome, Developing Countries Ontt
Effectiveness of Hand Hygiene Video cum Demonstration on Knowledge and Practice, among Mothers of Neonates Admitted in NICU
Authors: G. Sangithaa Varsha , D Geetha , David Anita
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND Proper hand hygiene is the single most important, simplest, and least expensive means of reducing the prevalence of health care association infection (HAIs) and nosocomial infection. Several studies have demonstrated that hand washing virtually eradicates the carriage of infections in intensive care units (ICUs). For more than 150 years, hand hygiene has been researched in the hospital environment as a way of preventing transmission of bacteria, infection and death. The purpose of this study was to import the significance of the hand hygiene and to improve the skills in performing hand hygiene among mothers of neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at tertiary care hospital. METHODS A self structured knowledge questionnaire (KQ), practice questionnaire (PQ) and practice checklist (PC) was administered. The one to one method video on hand hygiene was played by using a laptop for about 15 minutes as an intervention with demonstration done by investigator and return demonstration was done by mothers, post test was conducted on 3rd day and 5th day followed by the intervention. RESULTS The mean scores of knowledge showed improvement in post test than the pre test in both the groups, but there was an increase in practice mean score between the groups which showed an improvement in the study group, it was higher than the control group which was statistically significant at P < 0.001. Overall, there were minimal positive correlations between the level of knowledge and practice for the study group in post-test and post-test II. Minimum positive correlation was evident but there was no significance. CONCLUSIONS This study concludes that it enhanced the knowledge on hand hygiene among mothers of neonates and it helped mothers to understand the importance of hand hygiene, when to do, how to do, why to do. Thus, it expected directly or indirectly to reduce the infection rate among neonates admitted in NICU. Further, the nurses have a great responsibility in ensuring parents adherence to hand hygiene. KEY WORDS Mothers of Neonate in NICU, Hand Hygiene, Video cum Demonstration, Mothers KPC.
Primary Intraosseous Carcinoma Arising from Odontogenic Keratocyst - A Case Report
Authors: Patel Falguni
Published: August 2021

Primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC) previously named as primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma (PIOSCC), derived from an odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a locally aggressive rare malignant neoplasm of the jaws with poor prognosis. The incidence of carcinomas arising from odontogenic cysts was reported to be approximately 1 – 2 / 1000. The knowledge of the histopathological features of PIOC allows accurate and early diagnosis of the lesion so that an early and appropriate treatment can be instituted for better prognosis. Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma (PIOSCC) is a carcinoma arising from the central bone without any initial connection to various epithelia.1 In 2017, according to WHO classification of tumours, it was renamed as primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC).2 According to the current WHO classification, PIOC is a central jaw carcinoma that cannot be classified as any other condition and presumably has developed from odontogenic cysts or other benign precursors. The most common odontogenic cysts having a significant probability of malignant transformation are dentigerous cysts, residual periapical cysts, and odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs).3,4 The transition from this benign cystic lining to squamous cell carcinoma may remain clinically undetected, and the delay in diagnosis has a significant influence on treatment and prognosis.5 Therefore, the initial radiographic features of PIOC arising from an OKC (PIOC ex - OKC) are similar to those of benign odontogenic tumours or cysts, including conventional OKCs.4 Hence, it is mandatory to further investigate it histopathologically for final diagnosis and proper treatment plan. Malignant changes in OKCs have been rarely reported. To the best of our knowledge, very few cases of PIOC ex - OKC have been described in the literature. The purpose of this article is to report a case of PIOC that originated from an OKC and to shed light on the process of malignant transformation of this rare lesion. Here, is the case report describing an extremely rare case of PIOC of the maxilla derived from an OKC in a 45 - year - old female patient.
A technológiák szerepe a tudásmenedzsment folyamatok támogatásában (The role of technologies in the support of knowledge management processes)
Authors: Fehér Péter
Published: August 2021

Az elmúlt évtized folyamán a szervezetek számára a tudás kiemelt stratégiai erőforrássá vált. A tudás kezelésére irányuló törekvések alapvetően az szervezeti megoldásokat, illetve az technológiai-informatikai megoldásokat középpontba helyező megközelítésre oszthatóak. A technológiai szerepéről mind a kutatók, mind a gyakorlati szakemberek között megoszlanak a vélemények, ugyanakkor a lehetőségeket legtöbbször nem is ismerik a döntéshozók és vezetők. Az információs és kommunikációs technológiák (ICT) legnagyobb szerepe abban van, hogy radikálisan csökkentik a tudás megosztását és átadását gátló tényezők hatását. ______ The author in his essay examines how the knowledge-based companies use the numerous technologies avaible to support knowledge management processes. He comes to the conclusion that the use of this technologies are restricted even at companies which are not averse to technological solutions.
A vezetéstudomány viselkedéskutatás-centrikus megközelítése a humánetológia tükrében
Authors: Kunos István
Published: August 2021

A szerző eredeti ötletre épülő kutatása a sajátos megközelítés révén magas hozzáadott értékkel kecsegtet a vezetéstudomány világában. Jelen cikk egy PhD disszertáció részbeni absztrakciója, mely az újszerű gondolkodásmódban rejlő lehetőségek kihasználására szeretné felhívni a figyelmet. A vezetéstudomány és a viselkedéskutatással foglalkozó diszciplínák szerves egésszé kapcsolása a gyakorlatban is alkalmazható modelleket eredményezett.
A New Gene Mutation of PRKAR1A was found in a Carney Complex Case
Authors: Ding Hai-Xuan , Zhao Xin-Lan , Huang Ling-Yun , Jiang Yue , Yang Li
Published: August 2021

Purpose
Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease (PPNAD) is a rare bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia, inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, resulting in a pro-adrenocorticotropic non-dependent Cushing's syndrome. PPNAD may be isolated or associated with Carney complex (CNC). For the diagnosis of PPNAD and CNC, a search for PRKAR1A mutations may be recommended in addition to hormonal and imaging tests. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of the new pathogenic mutations in the PRKAR1A gene causing Carney complex.

Methods
We report here a case of a patient whose clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.

Results
The 13-year-old patient was diagnosed with Carney complex through a series of tests and a new causative gene mutation locus (C.1-2942G>A) was identified.

Conclusion
Carney complex is usually more difficult to be diagnosed at an early stage in the clinic, and it is beneficial for clinicians to raise awareness of the disease for early recognition and timely intervention.
Pancreatitis After Pancreaticojejunostomy Procedure? A Tale Involving the Tail of the Pancreas
Authors: Aggarwal Manik , Cartabuke Richard H. , Simons-Linares Carlos Roberto
Published: August 2021

Recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) involving the tail of the pancreas after pancreaticojejunosotomy (PJP) is rare, has very challenging management, and there is minimal literature. We describe a case of idiopathic RAP, complicated with chronic pancreatitis that failed medical and endoscopic management and required PJP. Unfortunately, RAP recurred after PJP, and we describe his clinical course and management.
Sirolimus for the Treatment of Juvenile Polyposis in Childhood
Authors: Martín-Masot Rafael , Cardelo Autero Nerea , Ortiz Pérez Pilar , Torcuato Rubio Encarnación , Vázquez Pedreño Luis , Gallego Fernández Carmen , Blasco-Alonso Javier , Navas-López Víctor Manuel
Published: August 2021

Juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) is a rare disease with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern characterized by the development of multiple hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract. The most frequent signs and symptoms are recurrent abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, anemia, and iron deficiency. The treatment of JPS is symptomatic, requiring serial endoscopic polypectomies or intestinal resections in the most severe cases. We describe the clinical case of a patient with JPS with a childhood juvenile polyposis phenotype because of a mutation on the SMAD4 gene, who received treatment with sirolimus successfully.
Multiorgan Dysfunction Related to Kratom Ingestion
Authors: Khan Muhammad Zarrar , Saleh Mohannad Abou , Alkhayyat Motasem , Roberts Daniel E. , Lindenmeyer Christina C.
Published: August 2021

Consumption of herbal supplements has been linked to multiorgan toxicities. Kratom is an herbal extract that has gained popularity for its analgesic and psychotropic properties. Several cases of kratom-induced liver injury have been reported, but data on multiorgan involvement remain scarce. We present the case of a 37-year-old woman who developed a mixed hepatocellular and cholestatic pattern of acute liver injury, acute kidney injury, and pancolitis after prolonged use of kratom-containing herbal supplements.
SOSYAL BİLGİLER ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ DİJİTAL VATANDAŞLIK KAVRAMINA YÖNELİK ALGILARININ METAFORLAR YOLUYLA BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: EZER Feyzullah , AKSÜT Selda
Published: August 2021

Araştırma nitel araştırma desenlerinden, olgubilim desenine uygun olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2019-2020 eğitim öğretim yılı bahar dönemi Fırat Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi, Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı 1., 2., 3. ve 4. sınıfta öğrenim gören 180 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının dijital vatandaşlık kavramına yönelik algılarını metaforlar yoluyla belirlemek amacıyla, “dijital vatandaşlık, …………. ya/ye benzer; çünkü …………” ifadesinin yer aldığı bir formdan yararlanılmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarının dijital vatandaşlık kavramına yönelik 132 metafor geliştirdikleri ve geliştirilen bu metaforların 9 kavramsal kategoride yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. Farklı bölümlerde öğrenim gören öğretmen adaylarının dijital vatandaşlık kavramına yönelik algıları ile ilgili metafor çalışmaları yapılabilir.
TÜRKÇE ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ ÖĞRENME STİLLERİNİN BAZI DEĞİŞKENLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: USTABULUT Mete Yusuf
Published: August 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı Türkçe öğretmen adaylarının öğrenme stillerini bazı değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Bu kapsamda araştırma 105 Türkçe öğretmen adayından oluşmaktadır. Tarama (survey) modelinde yürütülen araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında Grasha-Reichman Öğrenme Stili Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde betimsel istatistikler, bağımsız gruplar için t-testi, bağımsız örneklemler için tek yönlü varyans analizi, mann whitney u testi ve Kruskal Wallis testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda Türkçe öğretmen adaylarının işbirlikçi ve rekabetçi öğreneme stili seviyesi yüksek; bağımsız öğrenme stilleri düşük; çekingen, bağımlı ve katılımcı öğrenme stilleri seviyesi orta düzeyde bulgulanmıştır. Ayrıca Türkçe öğretmen adaylarının öğrenme stilleri üzerinde cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi, anne eğitim düzeyi ve baba eğitim düzeyi değişkenlerinin etkileri saptanmamıştır.
DİJİTAL ÖĞRETMEN YETERLİLİK ÖLÇEĞİ GELİŞTİRME: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: YILMAZ Ercan , AKTÜRK Abdullah , ÇAPUK Suat
Published: August 2021

Öğretmenlerin eğitimde ki yadsınamaz rolü, gelişen dünya ile beraber günümüzde daha kritik bir noktaya gelmiştir. Buradan hareketle, dijital öğretmenlerin sahip oldukları yeterliliklerin eğitime etkisi oldukça yüksektir denebilir. Bu büyük etki dijital yeterlilikleri öğretmenler için daha önemli bir hale getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada dijital öğretmen yeterliliklerini ölçmeye yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmek amaçlanmıştır. Dijital Öğretmen Yeterlilik Ölçeği (DÖYÖ) 20 madde, kaynak geliştirme, iletişim ve iş birliği, güvenlik ve değerlendirme olmak üzere 4 alt boyuttan oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğine ilişkin bulgular yapılan faktör analizi ile elde edilmiştir. Ölçeğin güvenirliğine yönelik bulguların ortaya konabilmesi için Cronbach Alpha kat sayısı dikkate alınmış ve yapılan analizlere göre ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell lung carcinoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zheng Yuan , Zhu Wei , Huang Xinjie , Lin Dongqun , Lin Yu
Published: August 2021

The benefit of immunochemotherapy in treating resectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is not well established. Here, we report a case of resectable stage III NSCLC treated with neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy before surgery. A 61 years old man was admitted to our hospital due to paroxysmal cough and was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma T4N2M0 in the upper lobe of the right lung, which was locally advanced and resectable. He was treated with 3 courses of paclitaxel 250 mg intravenous (IV), carboplatin 0.65 g IV, and durvalumab 620 mg IV followed by thoracoscopic upper lobectomy and lymph node dissection. There was considerable regression of the tumor before surgery, and the patient achieved a complete pathological response after surgery. Our case study demonstrates the benefit of durvalumab and chemotherapy in the treatment of resectable locally advanced NSCLC.
Local-to-global Urysohn width estimates
Authors: Balitskiy Alexey , Berdnikov Aleksandr
Published: August 2021

The notion of the Urysohn d-width measures to what extent a metric space can be approximated by a d-dimensional simplicial complex. We investigate how local Urysohn width bounds on a Riemannian manifold affect its global width. We bound the 1-width of a Riemannian manifold in terms of its first homology and the supremal width of its unit balls. Answering a question of Larry Guth, we give examples of n-manifolds of considerable

(

n
-
1

)

{(n-1)}

-width in which all unit balls have arbitrarily small 1-width. We also give examples of topologically simple manifolds that are locally nearly low-dimensional.
Rare-earth doped radioluminescent hydrogel as a potential phantom material for 3D gel dosimeter
Authors: Yang Tao , Wang Junhui , Tu Jiali , Zhou Xiaoxi , Sun Jiamin , Chen Jian , Wen Wanxin , Wang Yanfei
Published: August 2021

Cancer prevention and treatment are currently the focus of most research. Dose verification is an important step for reducing the improper dose deposition during radiotherapy. To mend the traditional gel dosimeters for 3D dose verification, a novel rare-earth nanoparticle-based composite gel was prepared, which has good radioluminescence property and reusability. It is a promising phantom material for the new 3D gel dosimeter. TEM, DLS, FT-IR, TGA, and spectrofluorometer were used to determine the chemical structure, micromorphology, and optical performance. Compared to the traditional gel dosimeters, the composite gel has a good linear relationship between the light intensity excited by X-ray and the tube current. Furthermore, it may measure the dose distribution immediatelyin situ, which reduces errors and saves time. This work provides a new idea for the research of 3D gel dosimeters and promotes the safe and effective use of radiotherapy.
Green nanotechnology synthesized silver nanoparticles: Characterization and testing its antibacterial activity
Authors: AlMasoud Najla , Alhaik Hajar , Almutairi Malak , Houjak Asmaa , Hazazi Khlood , Alhayek Fatema , Aljanoubi Sarah , Alkhaibari Ahad , Alghamdi Asma , Soliman Dina A. , Alomar Taghrid S. , Awad Manal A.
Published: August 2021

The green plant-mediated synthesis of silver (GPS-Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) has been increasingly popular due to its eco-friendliness, availability, cost-effectiveness, and the fact that it can be safely handled and possesses a broad variability of metabolites, such as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. In this current study, the synthesis of AgNPs has been demonstrated using aqueous extracts of fresh leaves of Ficus carica and Salvia rosmarinus (rosemary) that reduced aqueous silver nitrate. This procedure made the synthesis of NPs possible, which was characterized by numerous analytical techniques such as ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering studies. The visual observation indicated that the colour of aqueous silver nitrate turned brownish yellow after treatment with the fresh leaf extracts and was confirmed by UV-Vis spectra. In addition, the TEM analysis showed that the synthesized NPs well dispersed with average sizes less than 22 nm. Furthermore, AgNPs and aqueous leaf extracts of F. carica and rosemary were examined for their antimicrobial activities against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains. The results indicated that the AgNPs, derived from F. carica, have more antibacterial activities than others and inhibited bacterial growth.
The use of person-first language in scientific literature focused on drug-seeking behavior: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Sharp Patrick , Slattery Jaclyn , Johnson Austin , Torgerson Trevor , Ottwell Ryan , Vassar Matt , Hartwell Micah
Published: August 2021

Context

Person first language (PFL) – a way of referring to individuals with medical conditions or disability that emphasizes the person over their condition or disability – is important in reducing the stigma surrounding individuals who exhibit drug-seeking behavior. Drug-seeking behavior is generally associated with a negative connotation by healthcare professionals, which may create poor provider perceptions of these individuals and potentially impact patient care. Therefore, to reduce stigmatization surrounding drug-seeking behavior and to improve patient care in these individuals, the use of PFL should be promoted.

Objectives

The primary objective of this study is to investigate how frequently research articles focused on drug-seeking behavior adhere to PFL.

Methods

We performed a cross-sectional analysis systematically searching PubMed for articles published between May 1, 2011, and April 30, 2020, focused on drug-seeking behavior. To be included, the article must have met the following criteria: (1) published in a peer-reviewed journal; (2) relevant to drug-seeking behavior; and (3) must include human subjects and be retrievable in English. All articles were screened and data were extracted independently in a masked, duplicate fashion. Each article was reviewed for 19 predefined non-PFL terms with certain terms adopted from the American Medical Association Manual of Style.

Results

Our search returned 699 articles related to drug-seeking behavior, of which 390 articles met inclusion criteria and were analyzed for non-PFL. Our analysis found only 13.6% (53/390) of articles adhered to PFL while 86.4% (337/390) of articles contained at least some form of non-PFL. There was no association between PFL adherence and extracted study characteristics.

Conclusions

PFL adherence is uncommon among research literature focused on drug-seeking behavior. The power of language can be profound, and should be understood by researchers, health care providers, and educators alike, specifically when dealing with known and exhibited characteristics of substance use disorders. This is relevant because of the high prevalence of substance use disorders, limited amount of prior research, and the impact stigma has on patients and healthcare providers.
Cultural representation in Luxembourgish street naming practices
Authors: Purschke Christoph
Published: August 2021

This paper investigates street naming practices in Luxembourg. Starting from a theoretical sketch of how the curation of a given cityscape by dint of cultural artifacts (e.g., street names) establishes complex orders of cultural representation, it discusses three case studies for street naming campaigns from Luxembourg. These case studies represent different types of action modes, ideological motives and linguistic materials involved in street naming. First, the naming process for a newly established neighborhood in Luxembourg City illustrates the default mode of street naming by administrative action. Second, the Germanization of Luxembourg City under German occupation during World War II demonstrates the forced alignment of a given cityscape through political octroi. And third, the recent first naming of preexisting streets in the rural municipality of Wincrange provides an example of a participatory naming process that establishes an order of cultural representation based on local traditions.
Mean platelet volume and red blood cell distribution width is associated with prognosis in premature neonates with sepsis
Authors: Cai Na , Chen Zhi Qiang , Tao Min , Fan Wen Ting , Liao Wei
Published: August 2021

Objective

To evaluate the prognostic value of the mean platelet volume (MPV) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) in sepsis among premature neonates.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit between May 2015 and May 2020. Premature neonates with late-onset sepsis were enrolled. The demographic data, blood cell count analysis, C-reactive protein, and blood culture were compared between survivors and non-survivors.

Results

A total of 73 premature neonates with sepsis in the survivor group and 10 cases in the non-survivor group. Significant differences were observed between the survivor and non-survivor groups with regard to birth weight, MPV, and RDW (P < 0.05). The results of binomial stepwise logistic regression suggested that MPV (OR = 3.226, P = 0.017 < 0.05) and RDW (OR = 2.058, P = 0.019 < 0.05) were independent predictor for prognosis in preterm with sepsis. A receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the areas under the curves were 0.738 for MPV alone, 0.768 for RDW alone, and 0.854 for MPV combined with RDW.

Conclusion

MPV and RDW were independent predictors of prognosis and the combination of the two helps in predicting the prognosis of preterm with late-onset sepsis in the early stage.
Influence of thermal treatment on the properties and intermolecular interactions of epoxidized natural rubber-salt systems
Authors: Zainal Nurul Fatahah Asyqin , Ramli Hairunnisa , Fritz Margarethe , Abetz Volker , Chan Chin Han
Published: August 2021

The influence of thermal treatment on the thermal stability, thermal properties, dielectric properties and intermolecular interaction of binary epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)-salt systems, which may be a candidate for solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) was investigated. Solubility of salt in ENR enhances, which may be due to the disruption of the lightly-crosslinked microgel under heat treatment. The increase in the ionic conductivities of the thermally treated ENR SPEs at constant salt content is correlated to the higher glass transition temperatures, development of percolation network and higher extent of intermolecular interactions between ENR and charged entities in this study.
Addictive Law
Authors: Levmore Saul
Published: August 2021

Law, broadly defined to include group-directed rulemaking and coercion, has plainly grown over time. There are many explanations for this growth, and the evolution from self-help to law. This Article develops the idea that an important contributor to the growth of law has been the fact that law begets law, and it seeks to combine this new explanation with both traditional and more intuitive explanations for law’s expansion. That law brings on more law in an addictive way means that a society finds itself with laws, rather than personal interactions, in ways that it would have wished to avoid had it known earlier in time that law’s spectacular growth was in the making. The growth of law is thus much more than a product of specialization or wealth effects. For a variety of reasons, people prefer to avoid personal confrontation and to outsource their means of social control. This Article suggests that much of this addictive growth is inefficient and otherwise undesirable. The addiction might be controlled by rewarding some kinds of personal involvement in order to overcome the inclination to outsource.
Anti-preferences
Authors: Kreitner Roy
Published: August 2021

This Article offers a critical evaluation of preference satisfaction as a frame for normative thinking. It begins with an internal critique of the way preferences work in normative economics, distinguishing among three elements: welfare; preferences; and choices. For preference satisfaction to work well, it must be able to bridge two gaps, one between choice and preferences, and another between preferences and welfare. In contexts where both those gaps are bridged, preference satisfaction offers a workable normative framework; where at least one of those gaps is unbridgeable, the framework should be treated with extreme caution if not jettisoned altogether. The Article then goes on to pursue an external critique, by asking what price we pay for using the preference satisfaction framework when it appears to perform well. The point of the critique is that even when preference satisfaction provides a good normative framework on its own terms, the framework obscures considerations that should not be ignored. By pursuing one concrete example, the Article shows how broad considerations regarding the implications of the regime of wage labor are absent from legal contemplation when labor law is imagined and shaped through the lens of preference satisfaction. The Article concludes with a speculation about how different theories of welfare might be employed in concert, rather than as alternatives. It suggests that a pluralism of theory is a way to expose the political stakes in the kinds of policy discussion where preference satisfaction is often a dominant way of thinking.
Biochemistry laboratory errors and patient safety: Turkey data
Authors: Aksoy Hilal , Ozturk Abdullah , Tarhan Dilek , Dolukup Ibrahim , Ayhan Baser Duygu
Published: August 2021

Objectives

Our aim in this study is to provide information about the rate of errors in the process of the biochemistry laboratories in the hospitals in Turkey with the “Indicators”.

Methods

The hospitals calculate their own data according to the indicator cards defined by the Ministry of Health of Turkey and enter into the system once in a year. In this study we examined the quality indicators related to the disruptions in the biochemistry laboratory of hospitals for the year of 2018.

Results

All indicators except “Non-timely reported result rate in biochemistry laboratory” are found to be significantly higher in university hospitals. This indicator is found to be significantly higher in private hospitals(p:0.030) “Lost sample rate in biochemistry laboratory” is found to be significantly higher in Eastern Anatolia Region (p:0.000) and “Non-timely reported result rate in biochemistry laboratory” is found to be significantly higher in Aegean Region (p:0.008).

Conclusions

The ratio of non-timely reported result rate is the most seen disruption in biochemistry laboratories. It may be due to lots of reasons; lack of biochemistry equipment, lack of staff, problems in transportation, etc. The management of hospitals and the staff should take measures and regulations about problems.
Gestión de riesgos financieros en empresas de servicios en Ecuador ante la amenaza del Covid.
Authors: Morán Macías Luis Alfredo , Pincay Vinces Nedcy Janneth , Abrigo Vivas Oscar Javier , Rojas Parraga Ludys Geomara
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la gestión de riesgos financieros en empresas de servicios y las políticas adoptadas ante la amenaza del coronavirus (COVID-19) en Ecuador. La investigación fue de tipo ex post facto, descriptiva y relacional, basada en agregados nacionales y referencias. Se cuantificaron los indicadores financieros del periodo 2010–2019, provenientes de Superintendencia de Compañías, Valores y Seguros (2021). Se midió el riesgo financiero con cálculos de coeficiente de variación y análisis Logit. Se examinó la incidencia en el sector servicio con el producto interno bruto (PIB) 2020-2021. Se analizaron y proponen posibles escenarios y acciones a seguir. Los sectores con altos riesgos fueron transporte, actividades inmobiliarias, financieras y de seguros, así como administración pública y defensa. La tasa de variación del PIB 2020-2021 reportó un total de -8.86%. En cuanto al sector servicio, este disminuyó -9.48%. Los sectores más afectados fueron transporte con –21.01% y actividades de profesionales, científicas, técnicas y administrativas con -13.52%. El endeudamiento es la variable más riesgosa según el análisis Logit.
Thermomechanical Simulation of Ferritic Rolling of Titanium-Niobium Interstitial-Free Steel
Authors: Satish Kumar D. , Manjini S. , Kuruveri Udaya Bhat
Published: August 2021

Austenitic or two-phase rolling of ultra-low carbon steels face temperature control issues and generate shape defects. Ferritic rolling has been developed as a solution, and ferritic hot-rolled sheets are used as final products, replacing hot-rolled followed by cold-rolled sheets. However, it is not in regular industrial production because of mill limitations. Hence, ferritic hot rolling must be optimized for developing a ferritic cold-rolled and close-annealed sheet through subsequent processing. In this work, industrial ferritic rolling process was simulated for a titanium-niobium interstitial-free steel using a thermomechanical simulator. Multi-hit plane strain compression tests were carried out at three different regimes below the lower transformation temperature (Ar1). Steels were processed under high strain and strain rates as experienced during industrial hot rolling operation, and the results were compared with the conventional austenitic rolling. The flow stress of the material in the ferritic regime decreased with decreasing deformation temperatures but increased at temperatures below 700°C. Nonuniformity in grains and texture also increased with decreasing temperatures. High-temperature rolling in ferritic condition close to Ar1 temperature does not differ significantly from the austenitic condition, whereas the low-temperature ferritic rolled material had through-thickness microstructural nonuniformity and unwanted goss and brass fibers. The intensity of gamma-fiber {111} || normal direction (ND) required for formability was highest in the intermediate temperature zone. Deformation between temperatures of 850°C and 800°C was found to be ideal. Based on simulation studies, full-scale plant rolling was carried out under the optimized ferritic regime. The microstructure and texture matched closely with the simulation results. This work provides a working window for ferrite rolling in an industrial hot strip mill for developing ferritic cold-rolled close-annealed products.
Statistical Analysis of Stone Mastic Asphalt Incorporating Kenaf Fibre
Authors: Danoshini G. , Baqadeem A. , Al-Shakhrit A. K. S. , Jasni N. E. , Masri Khairil Azman
Published: August 2021

Stone mastic asphalt consists of two components of coarse aggregate and bitumen-filled mortar (bituminous blend, filler, and stabilizing additives like cellulosic or mineral fibers). Such a form of hot mix asphalt (SMA) was first developed in Germany in the mid-1960s to cope with corrosion and ribbed wheel destruction. The mixture was then known as stone mastic asphalt, which was not only immune to ribbed wheels but also has strong resistance against rutting. One of the most significant problems when constructing the stone mastic asphalt pavement is permanent deformation. By a load of traffic and the strain of the tires, much of the irreversible deformation happens in the ground. According to a previous study, researchers have stated that the kenaf fiber's physical strength and thermal characteristics are superior compared to other forms of natural fiber polymer composites, and therefore deemed a desirable applicant for elevated-performance natural fiber composite materials. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the mechanical performance of stone mastic asphalt incorporating kenaf fiber by developing a regression model. A set of data of SMA mixture incorporating various percentages of kenaf fiber were assessed through statistical analysis in Minitab 19 by using the resilient modulus as the dependant variable in the first model and the accumulated strain from the dynamic creep test as the dependant variable in the second model. The regression models showed a positive impact of kenaf fiber as an additive in the SMA mixture.  For more future studies, it is recommended to analyze the effect of the various proportions of kenaf fiber with bitumen modification towards stone mastic asphalt performance that will render the satisfactory performance of SMA during service.
Use of Palm Oil Clinker in Concrete Research: A Review
Authors: JAMALUDIN NUR FARAH AZIERA , Muthusamy Khairunisa , Md. Jaafar Mohd Faizal , Mat Yahaya Fadzil
Published: August 2021

Palm oil clinker (POC) is a stone like by-product which is formed in the palm oil mill incinerator after extracted palm oil fibres and shells are  burt to generate electricity for mill operation. The electricity is continuously generated. Then, the burnt fibres and shells are thrown at dumping areas as waste. This practice consumes a larger area at the landfills, causing environmental pollution. A review on the physical and chemical properties of POC was presented. The effect of using POC as lightweight aggregates and partial cement replacement on the mechanical properties of concrete produced was reviewed. The integration of suitable amount of POC as cement replacement and lightweight aggregates provided good workability and enhanced the concrete strength. Conclusively, this article has presented information regarding the development in POC concrete research, including the research gaps that remain to be filled.
Photocatalytic conversion of CO2 into methanol: Significant enhancement of the methanol yield over Bi2S3/CdS photocatalyst
Authors: Uddin M.Rahim , R. Khan Maksudur , Rahman M. Wasikur , Cheng Chin Kui , Yousuf Abu
Published: August 2021

The present work is a significant approach to explore the photo-conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into methanol on Bi2S3/Cds photocatalyst under visible light irradiation. In this perspective, Bi2S3 nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized via corresponding salt and thiourea assisted sol-gel method. An innovative hetero-system Bi2S3/CdS has been proposed to achieve methanol photo evolution and its photocatalytic activities have been investigated.
A New Neuron Ion Channel Model with Noisy Input Current
Authors: Khudhur Ahmed Mahmood , Abdalla Ahmed N
Published: August 2021

The data processing fundamental problem affects all aspects of nervous-system function by the noise of ion channels. The conducting and non conducting of ion channels depends on random transitions of channel noise, which affect the states of several numbers of gates in every single individual ion channel. This paper, introduce a new ion channel model in the neuron with noisy input current as approximations of the HH model. It briefly introduces the ion channel based on stochastic Hodgkin-Huxley model. The method is able to fully constrain the HH model and obtain all models capable of reproducing the data. Therefore, this method overcomes the limitations of other parameter estimation methods. The stochastic Markov process method is simply applied to simulate each gate individually to determine the relationship between channel noise and the spike frequency.
Development of Two-Stage Network Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Model to Measure Production Line’s Performance: Combination of Automation and Labor
Authors: C.Azhar N.A. , Mansor M.A. , Rusdan S.A. , Saffe S.N.M.
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, the growth of industry can be seen as a nature of the world. Each company race again each other to increase productivity to produce new, high quality and product that fulfil customer demand. One can achieve the Key Performance Indicator (KPI) or targeted goal but without considering the cost, manpower, time or others elements is inefficient toward productivity. Upgrade production line in manufacturing industry needs huge investment to come out with good performance. The company can receive Return of Investment (ROI) and save more money from paying labor salary and increase productivity. However, the company also may have the risk of losing their money from the investment done. In this research, we studied the effectiveness of production line that equipped with automation usage to determine the productivity and quality of the product produced. We apply Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure efficiencies of the production line where DEA is one of an excellent tool that can evaluate efficiencies and have been using widely in many sectors. The model that will be used in this study is Two-Stage Network DEA. As a case study, this research focuses on the production line that producing a product with a high and continues demand to observe how the investment on automation can give good return or otherwise.
A Review of Surface Engineering of Graphene for Electrochemical Sensing Applications
Authors: Ijeomah Geoffrey , Samsuri Fahmi , Md Zawawi Mohamad Adzhar
Published: August 2021

The outstanding properties of graphene arising from its monoatomic thickness, highly conjugated and twin-dimensionality merit attention for plethora of scientific and commercial applications. In this present review, the functionalization of surface chemistry of graphene is investigated to isolate its advantages over non-engineered materials for sensor research and related chemical and electrochemical sensing applications. The review also discuss new perspectives in the employment of these nano-engineered materials in chemical sensing and biosensing applications.
Tropical Residual Soil Properties on Slopes
Authors: Ishak M.F. , Zolkepli M.F. , Affendy M.
Published: August 2021

Tropical residual soil is a product of chemical weathering, thus its characteristics are dependent upon environmental factors such as parent rocks, climate, topography and age. This type of soil can be found in many countries all over the world, especially in the tropical region. Since there are many accident happens due to slope failure, a comprehensive laboratory study need to be conducted in order to determine the properties of soil located at Pahang Matriculation College. Several experiments involving physical index and engineering properties of soil are conducted. The typical tropical residual properties are showed and can be considered as sandy SILT of high plasticity.
Oblique Impact on Crashworthiness: Review
Authors: Sze Pei Tan , Mohd Saffe, Siti Nadiah , Rusdan Siti Aishah , Nor Hamran Nurul Nadiah
Published: August 2021

This paper reviewed the crashworthiness of foam-filled thin-walled structure subjected to oblique loading conditions. Crashworthiness is the most important part in designing a safety vehicle, so, the types of collisions, crashworthiness parameter and the modes of collapse of structural components are included in this part. Secondly, the energy absorber regarding the axial loading and oblique loading in terms of geometry parameters and materials of the previous research is reviewed. In addition, the manufacturing and properties of aluminium foams with the collapse behavior of foam-filled structures are studied to understand the performance and the relation under loading.
Opportunistic Maintenance Policy for a Multi-Component System Subject to Random Failures
Authors: Eldhadaf H. , Benmansour R. , Allaoui H. , Tkiouat M. , Artiba A.
Published: August 2021

In this paper, an opportunistic maintenance policy (OMP) for a multi-component system is studied. The objective is to minimize the maintenance cost while guaranteeing a minimum level of reliability for the system and for each of its components. Each component is subject to random failures and at most one spare part of it should be kept in stock or ordering at any time. The lifetime of this system will be divided into several periods. At the beginning of each period, the set of actions (among many others) must be determined in order to achieve the objective mentioned above. The policy OMP is characterized by two parameters; the first one is the scheduled time for spare ordering and the second one is the period of realization of the maintenance action (if any). These parameters will be derived from the joint optimization of maintenance cost and the inventory cost for each component. Finally, a numerical example to explain the proposed maintenance policy and the optimization procedure is provided.
Modelling of Water Flow and Nitrate Dynamics Through Partially Saturated Porous Media in Laboratory Condition using Hydrus-2D
Authors: . Jahangeer , Gupta P.K. , Yadav B.
Published: August 2021

Due to the reducing availability of water resources and the growing competition for water between residential, industrial, and agricultural users, increasing irrigation efficiency, by several methods like drip irrigation, is a demanding concern for agricultural experts. The understanding of the water and contaminants flow through the subsurface is needed for the sustainable irrigation water management, pollution assessment, remediation, and groundwater recharge. In this study, the Windows-based computer software package HYDRUS-2D, which numerically simulates water and solute movement in two-dimensional, variably-saturated porous media, was used to evaluate the distribution of water and Nitrate in the sand tank. The laboratory and simulation experiments were conducted to evaluate the role of drainage, recharge flux, and infiltration on subsurface flow condition and subsequently, on nitrate movement in the subsurface. The water flow in the unsaturated zone was model by Richards’ equation, which was highly nonlinear and its parameters were largely dependent on the moisture content and pressure head of the partially saturated zone. Following different cases to be considered to evaluate- a) applying drainage and recharge flux to study domains, b) transient infiltration in a vertical soil column and c) subsequently, nitrate movement in a 2D sand tank setup. A single porosity model was used for the simulation water and nitrate flow in the study domain. The results indicate the transient water table position decreases as the time increase significantly by applying drainage flux at the bottom. Similarly, the water table positions in study domains increasing in the domain by applying recharge flux. Likewise, the water flow profile shows the decreasing water table elevation with increasing water content in the vertical domain. Furthermore, the nitrate transport dynamics was dominated by advective flux and highly affected by the recharge flux in the vertical direction. The findings of the study help to enhance the understanding of the sustainable soil-water resources management and agricultural practices.
Application of Nanotechnology in Oil and Gas Industry: Towards Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery
Authors: Ijeomah G. , Samsuri F. , Obite F. , Zawawi M.A.
Published: August 2021

The global oil demand and the development of advanced techniques have made the regeneration of previously abandoned oilwells economically attractive. As conventional oil recovery methods near their economic limits, a revolutionary new technology is required to harness maximum oil from these stranded oilwells. Due to its potential to manipulate matter at molecular level, nanotechnology promises to dramatically transform oil and gas industry by enabling enhanced oil and gas recovery. Recently, there has been increasing research interest in the applications of nanotechnology in enhanced oil and gas recovery, where the unique aspects of reservoir management, drilling, production, processing and refinery are redesign. Nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize the drilling process and accelerate the production of oil and gas by providing a platform that makes their separation in the reservoir more amenable. Nanotechnology can make the industry greener by drastically reducing the oil’s carbon footprint in contrast to oils obtained from conventional methods. In this paper, we review the latest trends in the applications of nanotechnology for enhanced oil and gas recovery. We further present scientific advance and new insight into possible future applications. The paper aims to broaden our understanding of the applications landscape of nanotechnology in oil and gas industry.