bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Selective Laser Melted TiAl6V4 Alloy
Authors: Baitimerov R.M. , Lykov P.A. , Radionova L.V.
Published: October 2018

TiAl6V4 titanium base alloy is widely used in aerospace and medical industries. Specimens for tensile tests from TiAl6V4 with porosity less than 0.5% was fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM). Specimens were treated using two heat treatment procedures, third batch of specimens was tested in as-fabricated statement after machining. Tensile tests were carried out at room temperature. Microstructure and mechanical properties of SLM fabricated TiAl6V4 after different heat treatments were investigated.
Prediction of Temperature Fields in the System “Casting and a Damp Sandy-Argillaceous Mold”
Authors: Kolokoltsev V.M. , Savinov A.S. , Tuboltseva A.S.
Published: October 2018

The function of the equivalent heat capacity that takes into account the heat consumption for heating and evaporation of water in the layer of sand with initial moisture content 2 - 10% has been obtained in the work. The function found allows taking into consideration the temperature change of the specific heat capacity of silicon oxide of sandy - argillaceous molds (SAM) and can be applied in the numerical solution of the heat conduction problem by a finite difference method.
Statistical Analysis of Metal Particles Forming during Reduction of Oxides with Low Iron Content
Authors: Bilgenov A.S. , Kapelyushin Yu. , Gamov P.A.
Published: October 2018

Metallurgical Industry slowly moves towards wider utilization of complex ore minerals. Reduction behavior of complex crystalline structures can hardly be interpreted applying kinetic modeling adopted for pure oxides. The quantitative mathematical analysis of the metal particles forming during solid state reduction of a complex mineral has been suggested. The analysis with 95% reliability showed that during solid phase reduction of dunite at 1300 °C for 60 min about 360 particles with an average size about 0.62 mm formed from the total area S = 20880 mm. Such an approach could be useful for development of sophisticated kinetic models applied for reduction of a low-grade complex ore.
The Study of the Characteristics of Metallic Powders after Electroerosion Dispersion
Authors: Kuznetsov V.A. , Smirnov Andrey Vladimirovich , Buvakin D.A.
Published: October 2018

The article describes the main characteristics of powders of a cobalt alloy and alloyed high carbon steel, which were produced by electroerosion dispersion in the environment of distilled water. The areas for further processing of the powders, depending on the size, morphology and fraction composition of particles were identified in the aim of the best use of the resulting powders, and reducing waste.
Investigation of Complex Treatment of the Gold-Bearing Antimony Flotation Concentrate
Authors: Rusalev R.E. , Rogozhnikov Denis A. , Naboichenko S.S.
Published: October 2018

This paper details the hydrometallurgical method of processing of refractory gold antimony flotation concentrate. Investigation of feed material has been occurred. Mineralogical analyses (XRD, SEM-EDS) and chemical analyses of the concentrate have been studied. Mainly, the material consists of compounds of antimony, silicon, calcium, sulfur and iron. The main phases are quartz, stibnite, calcium carbonate and ankerite, pyrite and arsenopyrite have been found as well. The feature of antimonite’s dissolving in alkaline solutions has been reviewed. The dependences of effects of the temperature, time, L/S ratio and NaOH concentration on the antimony and sulfur extraction from the feed flotation concentrate have been determined. During alkaline sulphide leaching of the starting material several physicochemical characteristics of gold dissolution have been identified. Agitated cyanide gold leaching test of the pre-treated cake was conducted. Gold recovery was 32.2%. The obtained low indexes of gold recovery are based on cyanidation. A nitric acid leaching of disantimonied cake was proposed.
Geo-Composite Materials with Preset Properties and their Application in Hydraulic Engineering Construction
Authors: Kosichenko Yuri M. , Baev O.A.
Published: October 2018

This article presents a classification of the main types of geo-composite materials used in hydraulic engineering construction for imperviousness and drainage purposes. The authors have proposed a dependence to estimate the service life of geo-composite coatings using the durability criterion, and a graph was drawn for the service life of the materials. The article shows estimation results for the reliability of geo-composites using the Bayes method.
Proinflammatory Effects of Respiratory Syncytial Virus–Induced Epithelial HMGB1 on Human Innate Immune Cell Activation
Authors: Rayavara Kempaiah , Kurosky Alexander , Stafford Susan J. , Garg Nisha J. , Brasier Allan R. , Garofalo Roberto P. , Hosakote Yashoda M.
Published: October 2018

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a multifunctional nuclear protein that translocates to the cytoplasm and is subsequently released to the extracellular space during infection and injury. Once released, it acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern and regulates immune and inflammatory responses. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants and elderly, for which no effective treatment or vaccine is currently available. This study investigated the effects of HMGB1 on cytokine secretion, as well as the involvement of NF-κB and TLR4 pathways in RSV-induced HMGB1 release in human airway epithelial cells (AECs) and its proinflammatory effects on several human primary immune cells. Purified HMGB1 was incubated with AECs (A549 and small alveolar epithelial cells) and various immune cells and measured the release of proinflammatory mediators and the activation of NF-κB and P38 MAPK. HMGB1 treatment significantly increased the phosphorylation of NF-κB and P38 MAPK but did not induce the release of cytokines/chemokines from AECs. However, addition of HMGB1 to immune cells did significantly induce the release of cytokines/chemokines and activated the NF-κB and P38 MAPK pathways. We found that activation of NF-κB accounted for RSV-induced HMGB1 secretion in AECs in a TLR4-dependent manner. These results indicated that HMGB1 secreted from AECs can facilitate the secretion of proinflammatory mediators from immune cells in a paracrine mechanism, thus promoting the inflammatory response that contributes to RSV pathogenesis. Therefore, blocking the proinflammatory function of HMGB1 may be an effective approach for developing novel therapeutics.
Impact of universal childhood vaccination against hepatitis B in Ghana: A pilot study
Authors: Hagan Oheneba C.K. , Nsiah Paul , Obiri-Yeboah Dorcas , Yirdong Felix , Annan Isaac , Eliason Sebastian , Nuvor Samuel V.
Published: October 2018

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is of public health importance worldwide. Vaccination against the infection, especially in early childhood has significantly reduced the public health impact. This pilot study was undertaken in Cape Coast Metropolitan area to assess the impact of the introduction of HBV vaccination in children. A cross-sectional multi-stage cluster sampling of 501 pupils from 30 public and private primary and junior high schools within the Cape Coast metropolis. A questionnaire covering basic demographic details and immunisation history were administered to the participants after consent and assent had been sought. Hepatitis B serological test for HBsAg, HBcAb, HBsAb, HBeAg and HbeAb was undertaken using Hepatitis B test kit and capillary blood from the participants. The general prevalence of HBcAb, HBsAg and HBsAb was found to be 3.6, 2.6 and 19.8% respectively. The prevalence of HBcAb was 2.6 and 6.1% among pupils delivered after and before the vaccine programme introduction respectively. Introduction of the vaccination programme in Ghana has had a positive impact on the HBV infection in Ghana.
Modeling the formation and composition of secondary organic aerosol from diesel exhaust using parameterized and semi-explicit chemistry and thermodynamic models
Authors: Eluri Sailaja , Cappa Christopher D. , Friedman Beth , Farmer Delphine K. , Jathar Shantanu H.
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Laboratory-based studies have shown that combustion sources emit volatile organic compounds that can be photooxidized in the atmosphere to form secondary organic aerosol (SOA). In some cases, this SOA can exceed direct emissions of primary organic aerosol (POA). Jathar et al. (2017a) recently reported on experiments that used an oxidation flow reactor (OFR) to measure the photochemical production of SOA from a diesel engine operated at two different engine loads (idle, load), two fuel types (diesel, biodiesel), and two aftertreatment configurations (with and without an oxidation catalyst and particle filter). In this work, we used two different SOA models, the Volatility Basis Set (VBS) model and the Statistical Oxidation Model (SOM), to simulate the formation and composition of SOA for those experiments. Leveraging recent laboratory-based parameterizations, both frameworks accounted for a semi-volatile and reactive POA; SOA production from semi-volatile, intermediate-volatility, and volatile organic compounds (SVOC, IVOC and VOC); NOx-dependent parameterizations; multigenerational gas-phase chemistry; and kinetic gas–particle partitioning. Both frameworks demonstrated that for model predictions of SOA mass to agree with measurements across all engine load–fuel–aftertreatment combinations, it was necessary to model the kinetically limited gas–particle partitioning in OFRs and account for SOA formation from IVOCs, which were on average found to account for 70 % of the model-predicted SOA. Accounting for IVOCs, however, resulted in an average underprediction of 28 % for OA atomic O : C ratios. Model predictions of the gas-phase organic compounds (resolved in carbon and oxygen space) from the SOM compared favorably to gas-phase measurements from a chemical ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS), substantiating the semi-explicit chemistry captured by the SOM. Model–measurement comparisons were improved on using SOA parameterizations corrected for vapor wall loss. As OFRs are increasingly used to study SOA formation and evolution in laboratory and field environments, models such as those developed in this work can be used to interpret the OFR data.
Identification and quantification of particulate tracers of exhaust and non-exhaust vehicle emissions
Authors: Charron Aurélie , Polo-Rehn Lucie , Besombes Jean-Luc , Golly Benjamin , Buisson Christine , Chanut Hervé , Marchand Nicolas , Guillaud Géraldine , Jaffrezo Jean-Luc
Published: October 2018

Abstract. In order to identify and quantify key-species associated with non-exhaust emissions and exhaust vehicular emissions a large comprehensive dataset of particulate species has been obtained thanks to simultaneous near-road and urban background measurements coupled with detailed traffic counts and chassis dynamometer measurements of exhaust emissions of a few in-use vehicles well-represented in the French fleet. Elemental Carbon, brake-wear metals (Cu, Fe, Sb, Sn, Mn), n-alkanes (C19–C26), light molecular weight PAHs (Pyrene, Fluoranthene, Anthracene) and two hopanes (17α21βNorhopane and 17α21βhopane) are strongly associated with the road traffic. Traffic-fleet emission factors have been determined for all of them and are consistent with most recent published equivalent data. When possible, light-duty and heavy-duty duty traffic emission factors are also determined. Most of the first ones are in good agreement with emissions from chassis dynamometer measurements in absence of significant non-combustion emissions. This study has shown that ratios involving copper (mainly Cu/Fe and Cu/Sn) could be used to trace brake-wear emissions as they seem to be roughly constant in Europe and as longer as Cu-free brake are not largely spread. In France where the traffic was largely dominated by diesel vehicles in 2011 (70 %), the OC/EC ratio typical of traffic emissions was around 0.44. On the contrary, the use of quantitative data for source apportionment studies is not straightforward for the identified organic molecular markers; while, their presence seems to well-characterized fresh traffic emissions.
A new method to identify flux ropes in space plasmas
Authors: Huang Shiyong , Zhao Pufan , He Jiansen , Yuan Zhigang , Zhou Meng , Fu Huishan , Deng Xiaohua , Pang Ye , Wang Dedong , Yu Xiongdong , Li Haimeng , Torbert Roy , Burch James
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Flux ropes are frequently observed in the space plasmas, such as
solar wind, planetary magnetosphere and magnetosheath etc., and play an
important role in the reconnection process and mass and flux transportation.
One usually uses bipolar signature and strong core field to identify the flux
ropes. We propose here one new method to identify flux ropes based on the
correlations between the variables of the data from in situ spacecraft
observations and the “target function to be correlated” (TFC) from the ideal
flux rope model. Through comparing the correlation coefficients of different
variables at different times and scales, and performing weighted-average
techniques, this method can derive the scales and locations of the flux ropes.
We compare it with other methods and also discuss the limitation of our
method.
Inter-annual variability in the tropical Atlantic from the Last Glacial Maximum into future climate projections simulated by CMIP5/PMIP3
Authors: Brierley Chris , Wainer Ilana
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Tropical Atlantic variability (TAV) plays an important role in driving
year-to-year changes in rainfall over Africa and South America. In this
study, its response to global climate change is investigated through a series
of multi-model experiments. We explore the leading modes of TAV during the
historical, Last Glacial Maximum, mid-Holocene, and future simulations in the
multi-model ensemble known as PMIP3/CMIP5. Despite their known sea surface
temperature biases, most of the models are able to capture the tropical
Atlantic's two leading modes of SST variability patterns – the Atlantic
Meridional Mode (AMM) and the Atlantic zonal mode (also called the Atlantic
Niño or ATL3). The ensemble suggests that AMM amplitude was less during
the mid-Holocene and increased during the Last Glacial Maximum, but is
equivocal about future changes. ATL3 appears stronger under both the Last
Glacial Maximum and future climate changes, with no consistent message about
the mid-Holocene. The patterns and the regions under the influence of the two
modes alter a little under climate change in concert with changes in the mean
climate state. In the future climate experiment, the equatorial mode weakens,
and the whole Northern Hemisphere warms up, while the South Atlantic displays
a hemisphere-wide weak oscillating pattern. For the LGM, the AMM projects
onto a pattern that resembles the pan-Atlantic decadal oscillation. No robust
relationships between the amplitude of the zonal and meridional temperature
gradients and their respective variability was found.
The Environment and Climate Change Canada solid precipitation intercomparison data from Bratt’s Lake and Caribou Creek, Saskatchewan
Authors: Smith Craig D. , Yang Daqing , Ross Amber , Barr Alan
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Prior to the beginning of the World Meteorological Organization’s (WMO) Solid Precipitation Inter-Comparison Experiment (SPICE, 2013-2015), two precipitation measurement intercomparison sites were established in Saskatchewan. Caribou Creek, located in the southern Boreal forest, and Bratt’s Lake, located in the southern plains, were meant to be a contribution to the international SPICE project but also to examine national and regional issues in measuring solid precipitation. It is also fortunate that the Changing Cold Regions Network (CCRN) Special Observation and Analysis Period (SOAP) occurred from 2014 to 2015, overlapping with the SPICE intercomparison period. Following SPICE, the two Saskatchewan sites continued to collect core meteorological data (temperature, humidity, wind speed, etc.) as well as precipitation observations via several automated gauge configurations, including the WMO automated reference and the Meteorological Service of Canada's (MSC) network gauges. In addition, manual snow surveys to collect snow cover depth, density, and water equivalent were completed over the duration of the winter periods at the northern Caribou Creek site. Starting in the fall of 2013, the core intercomparison precipitation and ancillary data continued to be collected through the winter of 2017. Automated observations were obtained at a temporal resolution of 1 minute, subjected to a rigorous quality control process, and aggregated to a resolution of 30 minutes. The manual snow surveys at Caribou Creek were generally performed every second week during the SPICE field program and reduced to monthly following SPICE. The Saskatchewan SPICE data are available at https://doi.org/10.18164/63773b5b-5529-4b1e-9150-10acb84d59f0. The data collected at the Saskatchewan SPICE sites will continue to be useful for transfer function testing, Numerical Weather Prediction and hydrological forecasting verification, ground truth for remote sensing applications, as well as providing reference precipitation measurements for other concurrent research applications in the cold regions.
The Ulakhan fault surface rupture and the seismicity of the
Okhotsk-North America plate boundary
Authors: Hindle David , Sedov Boris , Lindauer Susanne , Mackey Kevin
Published: October 2018

Abstract. New field work, combined with analysis of aerial photographs, high resolution, digital elevation models, and satellite imagery has identified an active fault that is traceable for ∼ 90 km across the Seymchan Basin, and is part of the Ulakhan fault system, which is believed to form the Okhtotsk-North America plate boundary. Age dating of alluvial fan sediments in a channel system that is disturbed by and abandoned due to fault activity, suggest the current scarp is a result of a series of large earthquakes (≥ Mw 7.5) that have occurred since ∼11.5 ka. A possible offset channel edge associated with these sediments yields a slip rate of ∼ 5–6 mm yr−1, in broad agreement with rates suggested from global plate tectonics and other theoretical studies. Our results clearly identify the Ulakhan fault as the Okhotsk-North America plate boundary, and show that tectonic strain release is strongly concentrated on the boundaries of Okhotsk. In the light of our results, the likelihood of recurrence of Mw 7.5 earthquakes is high, raising serious questions of seismic hazard across the region.
Brief communication: Analysis of organic matter in surface snow by
PTR-MS – implications for dry deposition dynamics in the Alps
Authors: Materić Dušan , Ludewig Elke , Xu Kangming , Röckmann Thomas , Holzinger Rupert
Published: October 2018

Abstract. The exchange of organic matter (OM) between the atmosphere and snow is poorly understood due to the complex nature of OM and the convoluted processes of deposition, re-volatilisation, chemical, and biological processing. OM that is finally retained in glaciers potentially holds a valuable historical record of past atmospheric conditions; however, our understanding of the processes involved is insufficient to translate the measurements into an interpretation of the past atmosphere. This study examines the dynamic processes of post-precipitation OM change at the alpine snow surface with the goal to interpret the processes involved in surface snow OM.
NATURAL RUBBER BIOSYNTHESIS: STILL A MYSTERY
Authors: Puskas Judit E. , Helfer Carin A.
Published: October 2018

Currently, Hevea brasiliensis (the Brazilian rubber tree) is the only commercially available source of natural rubber (NR) for use in many products, which vary from tires to medical products such as adhesive bandages. H. brasiliensis NR is used in these products because after vulcanization, superior properties, which include elasticity, abrasion resistance, and efficient heat dispersion, result. Issues, such as increasing demand and risk of a single source, make a synthetic (manmade) NR an attractive option. However, after years of research efforts, the exact structure of high-molecular-weight NR is still unproven, and a synthetic NR with similar properties to H. brasiliensis NR still has not been developed. To create a replacement synthetic rubber for H. brasiliensis NR, we believe an understanding of NR biosynthesis is necessary. We present a view of NR biosynthesis from a polymer chemistry viewpoint that is based on insight into the mechanism and kinetics of living carbocationic polymerization.
An Improviser's Journey into Gestalt Thinking and Practice
Authors: Maurer Rick
Published: October 2018

The author is consistently surprised by the Gestalt community's openness to improvisation as he explores new ways to adapt classic terminology and presentation methods to his particular needs. He explores the Gestalt concepts that informed his work and follows their transition into imagery and tools that his management consulting clients grasp immediately and viscerally. He discovers that, although Gestalt teaching now includes a focus on work groups and organizations, the field still was using language best suited to individuals in therapeutic settings. The author works with individuals and groups in organizations' departments and in organizations, but thanks to the Gestalt community's encouragement and the inherent flexibility of the tools themselves, he has expanded their application, making them relevant in a corporate setting. This spirit of improvisation, he argues, is critical to the evolution of Gestalt practice.
Home and the Holocaust in Selected Paintings of Marc Chagall and Yiddish Poems of David Fram
Authors: Frankel Hazel
Published: October 2018

Marc Chagall's world-renowned paintings and the little-known Yiddish poetry of the Lithuanian-South African David Fram reflect a similar zeitgeist and time in history, but their choice of visual as opposed to verbal language affected their interpretations. This article argues for the influence of their similar origins, background, culture, and Jewishness on their oeuvres. Living in exile, their works express their longing for home and their responses to its destruction and loss during the Holocaust. In doing so, they provide a form of remembrance for their lost communities of Eastern Europe.
Utility and Prognostic Significance of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Dogs with Septic Peritonitis
Authors: Hodgson Natasha , Llewellyn Efa A. , Schaeffer David J.
Published: October 2018

Systemic inflammation is known to cause WBC abnormalities, specifically neutrophilia and lymphopenia. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple and affordable biomarker that has been used in human clinical settings of sepsis but has not been investigated in veterinary species. We evaluated NLR in dogs with septic and nonseptic systemic inflammatory diseases and compared with a healthy dog population. An NLR ≥6 had an 84.39% sensitivity and 86.95% specificity to identify dogs with systemic inflammatory states; however, no ratio distinguished septic and nonseptic causes. The NLR was not associated with length of hospitalization, morbidity based on the acute patient physiologic laboratory evaluation scoring system, or mortality. The disassociation may be due to the retrospective nature of the study, including a restricted population size and acquisition of only a one-time blood sample. NLR is currently of limited use for diagnosis and prognosis in systemic inflammatory states in dogs, and larger, prospective studies are necessary to further evaluate NLR.
Gobernabilidad para el desarrollo humano sostenible en El Salvador
Authors: Lovo Castelar José Luis
Published: September 2018

La gobernabilidad de la República requiere de una base humana organizada que configure la expresión social dinámica y actuante del pueblo en el esfuerzo nacional por el desarrollo humano sostenible. Entre el hombre, individualmente considerado, y el Estado, como figura totalizante, surgen las organizaciones intermedias que permiten conjuntar las fuerzas individuales en defensa de sus intereses de grupo o de sus objetivos particulares, constituyéndose en una instancia de poder social o grupo de presión, de servicio, promoción, defensa o ayuda mutua. El Estado descansa en los esfuerzos de las organizaciones y tiene un sistema de controles y registros legales sobre una gama de ellas. En este artículo de opinión se presenta una serie de planteamientos y desafíos en los nuevos entornos, en un contexto que exige decisiones adecuadas.Entorno, diciembre 2014, número 57: 10-21
Institucionalidad y gobernabilidad
Authors: Fortín Magaña René
Published: September 2018

Para llegar a conclusiones aceptables sobre el tema que anuncia el presente artículo, hemos de partir de un proceso lógico que otorgue sólidos fundamentos a nuestra argumentación. Así, podemos afirmar, sin vulnerar el juicio, que sin leyes no hay institucionalidad; sin institucionalidad no hay gobernabilidad; sin gobernabilidad no hay progreso; sin progreso no hay desarrollo; y sin desarrollo no hay significación nacional. Pero el anterior es un polisilogismo abstracto que debemos aplicar a una situación concreta, verificando las conclusiones deducidas de premisas sobreentendidas.Entorno, diciembre 2014, número 57: 22-28
Refugiados norte-coreanos: Adaptação e realocação social na Coreia do Sul
Authors: Barcellos Bruna Leal , Oliveira Aline De
Published: October 2018

A comunidade internacional possui hoje uma responsabilidade no que tange aos direitos humanos, e dentro desse conceito, aos direitos dos refugiados. Os refugiados representam um grupo de indivíduos que devido a fatores fora de seu controle, devem deixar seu território em busca de abrigo em outro local ou comunidade. Compreendendo a contemporaneidade do tema, o presente artigo buscará fazer uma análise focada nos refugiados norte-coreanos, mais especificamente, como se da sua realocação social na Coreia do Sul. A partir de uma breve análise sobre a criação de políticas públicas e compreensão da Teoria da Interdependência Complexa, o artigo irá analisar o número de refugiados norte-coreanos que tiveram como destino a Coreia do Sul, assim como, os programas sul-coreanos para recebimento desses refugiados. A partir de uma análise bibliográfica e qualitativa, assim como, a leitura de dados quantitativos, o artigo apresenta uma análise que demonstra que, ainda que com políticas aplicadas para os refugiados, o Estado sul-coreano não consegue atingir sua população e garantir que o impacto das diferenças culturais e sociais não interfira na total realocação dos refugiados norte-coreanos.
Indonesian Women’s Struggle Towards Transformation: A Case from ‘Rusunawa’ Community
Authors: Girsang Lasmery RM , Sihabudin Ahmad , Ronda Mirza
Published: September 2018

This article discusses roles of women in struggling transformation within their community. As one of governmental policies in 2015 about eradication of slum areas under BasukiTjahajaPurnama (‘Ahok’) as previous governor of Jakarta, many flats were built and provided to those who became the target of that program. It’s called ‘Rusunawa’—low cost simple flat. Researchers choose ‘Rusunawa’ Pulogebang (the first flat located on East Jakarta) as the locus of research. Unfortunately, there are new social problems emerge. One of them is adaptation matter: changing habits from previous location to new situation. Crashed by new system—such as paying room regularly every month meanwhile having no permanent job/work yet—occurs seriously impact until now. Besides that, losing home also keep them traumatic. In such situation, not all people can change their way of life rapidly till some women—driven by awareness—striving for changing the community decisively by various sustainable efforts. Therefore, this qualitative research will analyze the three main ideas in Feminist Standpoint Theory: knowledge, experience and power relation. Intrinsic case study is used to get in-depth inquiry. Also, researchers conduct as participant observers and in-depth interviewers towards key informants and community itself. Finally, based on critical paradigm, the results show that those women succeed to lead the community towards social transformation in health, education, economic, and leadership fields.
Analysing the Outcomes of the Forestry Sector on the Sustainable Development Goals for Rural Communities: A Case Study of Cabrero, Chile
Authors: Gonzalez-Navarro Veronica , Tomei Julia , Flores-Oyarzo Gabriela
Published: September 2018

The forestry sector will play a key role in the achievement of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The forestry sector is a pillar of many countries’ economies, including Chile. Despite the many economic benefits of the sector for the country, its contribution to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is not clear, especially for rural communities that co-exist with the sector. This study therefore aimed to identify the impacts of the sector on the sustainable development of rural communities in a Chilean commune, Cabrero, and link these impacts to the SDGs. Based on a mixed-method approach that considers key stakeholders perspectives, the paper finds that the forestry sector has multiple and complex impacts on sustainable development, with both positive and negatives outcomes for rural communities, generating synergies and trade-offs with all of the 17 SDGs. It concludes that while companies play a key role in delivering the 2030 Agenda, the achievement of the SDGs will require collaboration amongst people, government and the private sector to understand and support the delivery of a forestry sector that contributes to the sustainable development of communities in Cabrero and, more generally, in Chile.
Cross River National Park and Communities: Is Authoritarian Park Protection the Answer?
Authors: Enuoh Oliver O. O. , Ogogo Augustine U.
Published: September 2018

Cross River National Park (CRNP) is a rainforest biodiversity hotspot and region of species endemism in Nigeria. It has solid minerals, valuable timber, assorted fauna species, rich agricultural lands, medicinal plants and several other plant species that are new to science. The formal establishment of the park in 1991 was anchored on the global ecological importance attached to the region. Instead of implementing the resettlement of enclave communities and a 7 year livelihoods program, as was originally proposed in the park management plan (prepared by WWF and ODNRI in 1989), the park has been concentrating on authoritarian protection as park management strategy. Using a combination of document research, participatory rural appraisal techniques and rural livelihoods survey, the study assesses the effectiveness of authoritarian protection in the midst of economic and ecological contestations in CRNP. Findings reveal that donor partners abandoned CRNP in 1995 without implementing the resettlement and buffer zone livelihoods program. This led to the explosion of commercial bush meat hunting activities in the park (despite authoritarian protection). The paper argues that authoritarian protection alone cannot save biodiversity in CRNP. It presents the perspectives and conservation standpoints of buffer zone communities on the bush meat crisis and how to address it in CRNP. It highlights the need for the creation of arenas for finding common ground on all contentious issues threatening biodiversity conservation in CRNP, the need to revisit the drawing board and donor return, and the present and future dangers facing CRNP if nothing is done.
Influence of Slight Pressure Variations on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Ti/TiAlV/TiAlVN Coatings Produced by Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Gálviz-García Beatriz , Torres-Torres D. , Martínez E. , Olaya-Flórez Jhon J. , Restrepo-Parra Elisabeth
Published: October 2018

Ti/TiAlV/TiAlV(N) coatings were deposited by D.C magnetron sputtering technique. This experiment was carried out on 316L stainless steel substrates, and it was produced varying the working pressure, in an environment composed by a mixture of Ar/N2. While Ti and TiAlV layers were produced at a constant pressure, TiAlV(N) layers were grown at 0.6, 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0 Pa, for samples M1, M2, M3 and M4, respectively. After the production, morphological, compositional and structural properties of coatings were studied using techniques as x-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Next, mechanical and tribological properties such as hardness, Young’s modulus, coefficient of friction, and adherence were evaluated, using nanoindentation, scratch test and ball on disc methods. XRD analysis evidenced that coatings crystallized in a salt rock FCC structure, and the crystallite size tended to increase with the increase of pressure. The XPS analysis allowed to demonstrate the presence of the doublets corresponding to metallic aluminum. Titanium was also found as well as the presence of oxygen as an oxidizing element of the coating.  Regarding to the morphological analysis, it was observed an increase of the roughness when the coatings were grown, compared with the stainless substrates; moreover, no significant influence of the small pressure variation was observed on properties as hardness, coefficient of friction, and critical load.
Mechanical properties of Easy Fill
composites after storage in mouthwashes
Authors: Nowak M. , Kalamarz I. , Chladek G.
Published: October 2018

Purpose: The aim of the presented work was to investigate the influence of different
mouthwashes on the chosen mechanical properties of different dental restorative composites.
The null hypothesis was that the mouthwashes have influence on these properties.
Design/methodology/approach: Four different restorative composites were used
(Easy Fill Nano, Easy Fill Micro Hybrid, Easy Fill Flowable, Easy Fill Bulk). Samples were
conditioned in different media: mouthwashes (Listerine Total Care with ethanol, Listerine
Total Care Sensitive – alcohol-free) and distilled water. The samples were polymerized in
Teflon moulds. The compressive strength, diametral tensile strength (DTS) and Vickers
microhardness were examined.
Findings: The research showed that the surface of composite materials was particularly
sensitive to the action of mouthwashes. Both types of solutions, containing ethanol and
without it lowered the microhardness values. The mouthwashes may also decrease other
mechanical properties, like compressive strength of diametrical tensile strength. The results
of the carried out investigations showed good mechanical properties of the tested materials,
analogous to other materials of this type.
Research limitations/implications: Other important properties of dental filling storied
in mouthwashes should be analysed in future, including microgap between tooth and filling.
Practical implications: The result contradicts the popular view that mouthwashes that
do not contain ethanol are in general safer for composites in the context of reduction of
mechanical properties. Both types of mouthwashes may reduce mechanical properties.
Originality/value: The results of mechanical properties investigations of Easy Fill
composites were presented and compared to other commercial materials. The changes of
mechanical properties were also analysed after storing in different types of mouthwashes.
So far, there has been no such research for these materials.
Investigation of electric potential
difference during the top oxygen
blowing in converter
Authors: Semykin S.I. , Golub T.S.
Published: October 2018

Purpose: of this paper is to investigate the method of monitoring the course of the main
oxidation-reduction processes and dust depression during the top oxygen blowing, based
on the registration of natural electric potential difference on the lance-metal melt site during
the blowing.
Design/methodology/approach: Exchange processes in the converter bath take place
with exchange of electrons and ions between metal and slag melts and gas phase. Since
the processes are far from equilibrium, if to complete the circuit it will be possible to register
the potential difference. Investigation was conducted in industrial converters of 60-t capacity
at medium-carbon steel smelting. During the blowing the potential difference in the lancemetal
bath site, the position of the lance and the dust level after gas cleaning were recorded.
Findings: It was revealed that the level and sign of variation of the potential difference in the
lance-metal bath site reflects the course of the main oxidation-reduction processes in the
sub lance area during melting periods: oxidation of silicon, carbon and iron. The probable
course of gaseous oxygen interaction with the metal fusion was discussed.
Practical implications: In order to reduce the dust level without slowing down the carbon
oxidation process, it was recommended to place the lance at a level corresponded to the
potential difference during the active carbon oxidation period 30 % lower than 200-210 mV.
The results of heats, conducted with the proposed mode of lance position, showed that the
level of dust emission was 16% lower than on the comparative melting.
Originality/value: The level and sign of the potential difference is possible to use to select
the lance position during the blowing for longer slag foamed state without overflow that
ensures a lower level of dust emission.
The African Union Convention on Cybersecurity: A Regional Response Towards Cyber Stability?
Authors: Orji Uchenna Jerome
Published: October 2018

Following the liberalization of telecommunication markets in African States, and the increasing availability of wireless technologies and broadband capacity, the levels of Internet penetration and ICT access in Africa has continued to grow in a phenomenal manner since the beginning of the new millennium. Internet use statistics indicate that Africa’s Internet user population grew from about four and a half million people in 2000 to about 400 million people in December, 2017. However, widespread ICT access and Internet penetration in Africa has also raised concerns over the need to promote cybersecurity governance and cyber stability across the continent. This prompted the African Union to establish a regional cybersecurity treaty, known as the African Union Convention on Cyber Security and Personal Data Protection, in June, 2014. The Convention imposes obligations on Member States to establish legal, policy and regulatory measures to promote cybersecurity governance and control cybercrime. This article analyzes the nature and scope of the cybersecurity governance obligations under the Convention and examines how the adoption of the Convention can promote cyber stability in the African region. In so doing, the paper also examines the challenges impeding the application of the Convention as a framework for promoting regional cyber stability in Africa. The paper identifies the slow pace of Member State ratification and the absence of effective regional coordination as some of the major reasons why the Convention has not been effectively applied as a framework for promoting regional cyber stability. Therefore, the paper makes a case for the establishment of a regional monitoring mechanism within the AU framework to improve the regional harmonization of cybersecurity governance frameworks, and harness the application of the Convention as a framework for promoting regional cyber stability.
Capital social, relaciones sociales y bienes públicos: ¿qué conexiones?
Authors: Donati Pierpaolo
Published: October 2018

Toda investigación empírica muestra que el capital social es un factor esencial para producir y preservar los bienes públicos, pero las teorías difieren en cuanto al papel desempeñado por las relaciones sociales. Algunos piensan que los bienes públicos no necesitan redes sociales, mientras que otros argumentan que, sin redes sociales, el capital social no se crea y, por lo tanto, los bienes públicos no se valoran. El presente trabajo mantiene que la comparación entre estas teorías opuestas, o al menos divergentes, solo se puede resolver demostrando si, o no, y bajo qué condiciones, las redes de relaciones sociales producen el valor social añadido (VSA) que se traduce en el capital social necesario para apoyar bienes públicos. Adoptando la perspectiva de la sociología relacional podemos ver y medir el valor social añadido de las relaciones sociales en redes primarias y secundarias, conduciendo a la emergencia de los bienes públicos.Although empirical research reveals that social capital is an essential factor to produce and preserve public assets, theories differ as to the role that social relations play. Some believe that public assets do not require social networks, while others argue that social capital without social networks cannot be created and, therefore, public assets are not valued. This paper mantains that a comparison between these opposing, or at least diverging, theories can only be made by demonstrating whether, and under what conditions, social relation networks produce social added value (SAV) or not, which becomes the social capital needed to support public assets. From the relational sociology perspective, we can see and measure the SAV of social relations in primary and secondary networks that lead to public assets emerging.
Social kritik og folkelig tradition
Authors: Svane Marie-Louise
Published: October 2018

i Aakjærs roman Vredens Børn
Fra land til by med Jeppe Aakjær og Nick Carter
Authors: Zerlang Martin
Published: October 2018

Signalement af arbejderlitteraturen omkring 1900
Frihed og nødvendighed
Authors: Grodal Torben Kragh
Published: October 2018

Betragtninger over litteraturens og litteraturundervisningens funktioner
Receptionsforskning
Authors: Bürger Peter
Published: October 2018

Receptionsforskning
Karneval og kætterbål
Authors: Zerlang Martin
Published: October 2018

Introduktion til Carlo Ginzburgs forfatterskab
Arbejderlitteratur - proletarisk litteratur - socialistisk litteratur
Authors: Bondebjerg Ib , Gemzøe Anker
Published: October 2018

Historisk-teoretisk indledning
Proletärförfattaran och den litterära institutionen
Authors: Holmgren Ola
Published: October 2018

Proletärförfattaran och den litterära institutionen
Arbejderbevidsthed og arbejderkultur i mellemkrigstiden
Authors: Frandsen Hans Erik Avlund , Bentzen Lone , Pedersen Lisbeth , Poulsen Nielsine , Rsmussen Gurli , Thorshøj Vibeke , Thorsvang Margit
Published: October 2018

Ib Bondebjerg og olav Harsløf (red.): Arbejderkultur 1924-48. 555 s., 150 kr. Medusa 1979Ib Bondebjerg: Proletarisk offentlighed 2. 386 s., 89,50 kr. Medusa 1980.
Fotografiet
Authors: Kracauer Siegfried
Published: October 2018

Fotografiet
Kultur som modbegreb til det borgerlige samfund
Authors: Kultur og klasse Redaktionen
Published: October 2018

Forord
Uskyld og død
Authors: Møller Lis
Published: October 2018

Anmeldelse af Jørgen Dines Johansen: Hvalerne venter. Studier i Klaus Rifbjergs forfatterskab
Standskonflikten i Blichers fortællinger
Authors: Dalsgård Birgitte
Published: October 2018

Standskonflikten i Blichers fortællinger
Tristans børn
Authors: Hansen Niels Gunder
Published: October 2018

Thomas Bredsdorff- Gyldendal 1982
>>Der Sandmann<< og Freuds analyse af fortællingen >>Das Unheimliche<<
Authors: Møller Lis
Published: October 2018

Et essay om psykoanalyse og tekstanalyse
Erindringsbilleder
Authors: Larsen Peter
Published: October 2018

Fra det indre filmmuseum
Moderkroppen tegner sig
Authors: Svane Marie-Louise
Published: October 2018

Analyse af nogle af Elisabeth Jerichau-Baumanns tegninger
Moderkærlighed
Authors: Busk-Jensen Lise
Published: October 2018

En kilde til kvindelig kreativitet
Imperialisme som fin-de-siècle modernisme
Authors: Kaarsholm Preben
Published: October 2018

Engelsk 'new journalism' i 1890erne
Løn for djævletjeneste
Authors: Norup Lis
Published: October 2018

Løn for djævletjeneste
Sporsans
Authors: Zerlang Martin
Published: October 2018

Sporsans
Kærlighedens spejl
Authors: Bjørnvig Bo
Published: October 2018

Kærlighedens spejl
Fiktionsteori og underholdningens genrer
Authors: Grodal Torben Kragh
Published: October 2018

Fiktionsteori og underholdningens genrer
Skam, latter og kønskamp
Authors: Grodal Torben Kragh
Published: October 2018

En analyse af Hawks'Bringing up Baby
>>More human than human<<
Authors: Kirkegaard Peter , Thau Carsten
Published: October 2018

Omkring >>Blade Runner<< (1982)
Glemslens melankolske blomst
Authors: Goldbæk Henning
Published: October 2018

Om den centraleuropæiske kultur i tyverne - med udgangspunkt i Milan Kunderas forfatterskab
Nye historier om kvindens litteratur
Authors: Busk-Jensen Lise
Published: October 2018

Norsk kvinnelitteraturhistorie bd. 1 1600-1900
>>To whom it may concern<<
Authors: Egebak Niels
Published: October 2018

>>To whom it may concern<<
Kompleks uden sex
Authors: Johansen Jørgen Dines
Published: October 2018

Om Ole Andkjær Olsens fremragende men også problematiske afhandling om Ødipus-komplekset.
Nye måder
Authors: Sørensen Marianne
Published: October 2018

Nye måder
Den moderne Sovjetlitteratur
Authors: Magnusson Märta-Lisa
Published: October 2018

Den moderne Sovjetlitteratur
Læsningens allegorier
Authors: Østergaard Claus Bratt
Published: October 2018

Læsningens allegorier
Når skruerne strammes
Authors: Hansen Nils Gunder
Published: October 2018

- Om litterære tolkningsstrategier og -kontroverser, eksemplificeret ud fra Henry James The Turn of the Screw
Forvandlingens psykoanalyse
Authors: Korsbek Lisa
Published: October 2018

Forvandlingens psykoanalyse
Forord
Authors: Kultur & Klasse Redaktionen
Published: October 2018

Kulturanalyse
Storbyerne og det åndelige liv
Authors: Simmel Georg
Published: October 2018

Storbyerne og det åndelige liv
Hvem er bange for den store stygge Freud?
Authors: Johansen Jørgen Dines
Published: October 2018

Lis Møller: The Freudian Reading
J.P. Jacobsen som natur- og kropsallegoriker
Authors: Østerud Erik
Published: October 2018

En lesning av >>Et skud i Taagen<<
Syv fantastiske analyser af Karen Blixens >>Ringen<<
Authors: Søndergaard Leif
Published: October 2018

- og diverse overvejelser om teori og metode
Hypnose og psykoanalyse
Authors: Olsen Ole Andkjær
Published: October 2018

Uffe Hansen: Psykoanalysens fortrængte fortid. Hypnotisøren Carl Hansen og Sigmund Freud.
Kønnet i en postmoderne tid
Authors: Jantzen Gitte
Published: October 2018

Køn og moderne tider. En antologi. Redigeret af Marie-Louise Svane og Tania Ørum
Modernismens opgør med fortællingen
Authors: Gemzøe Anker
Published: October 2018

Modernismens opgør med fortællingen
Fortællingens tid
Authors: Kristiansen Claus K.
Published: October 2018

Fortællingens tid
Proust - DeManding Reading
Authors: Rasmussen Bo Degn
Published: October 2018

Proust - DeManding Reading
Barndom for voksne
Authors: Dahlgreen Lillian Munk
Published: October 2018

Niels D. Lund og Mette Winge (red.): Litteraturens børn. Barndomsskildringer i dansk litteratur
Dr. Calibaris Kabinet
Authors: Esmann Jan
Published: October 2018

Rekonstrueret - eller dekonstruktion anno 1919
Fly til den oversete by
Authors: Reeh Henrik
Published: October 2018

Visuel sansning og urban erfaringsdannelse hos Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
Chiasmens kors: korsets chiasmer
Authors: Bøggild Jacob
Published: October 2018

Om en kierkegaardsk tankefigur
Taktik uden strategi
Authors: Sestoft Carsten
Published: October 2018

Barthes i det intellektuelle felt
Konturer. Skulptur- og dødsbilleder fra guldalderlitteraturen.
Authors: Sørensen Anne Scott
Published: October 2018

Karin Sanders: Konturer. Skulptur- og dødsbilleder fra guldalderlitteraturen. København 1997 (Museum Tusculanums Forlag).
Mens vi venter på Proust
Authors: Nielsen Kaare
Published: October 2018

Jørgen Bruhn & Bo Degn Rasmussen: Proust. En introduktion til »På sporet af den tabte tid«, København 1997 (Forlaget politisk revy)
Om bidragyderne
Authors: Kultur og Klasse Redaktion
Published: October 2018

Om bidragyderne
Det civiliserede kaos
Authors: Holm Bent
Published: October 2018

Maskerade-motivet iflg. Ludvig Holberg, Vilhelm Andersen og Carl Nielsen
Rum og fortælling
Authors: Hansen Gitte Duemose
Published: October 2018

Besøg i Søstrene Grenes Økonomimarked
Ustedets poetik
Authors: Kristiansen Claus K.
Published: October 2018

Pablo Henrik Llambías' Rådhus