bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermal desorption-based method for quantifying semi-volatile organic compounds in house dust: Method development and evaluation
Authors: Zhu Yuqing , Huang Xinyi , Geng Chuang , Cao Jianping
Published: May 2023

As an important storage medium of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) in indoor environments, house dust has been extensively used to assess the pollution level of indoor SVOC. SVOC in house dust are commonly quantified using solvent-extraction methods, which are however solvent-consuming, time-consuming and laborious. Thermal desorption (TD, solvent-free and easy-to-use) is a good alternative to solvent extractions, but its performance for analyzing house dust is still unverified. Therefore, we proposed a TD-based method for quantifying SVOC in house dust by incorporating the TD technique with GC-MS. Laboratory experiments (48 samples with high SVOC concentrations) and field-test experiments (12 samples with low SVOC concentrations) were performed to justify the proposed method by comparing its results to those of a traditional solvent-extraction method (Soxhlet extraction). For laboratory dusts, the accuracy (relative deviation < 20%) and repeatability (relative standard deviation < 13%) of the TD-based method were comparable to the solvent-extraction method. For field-test dusts, higher SVOC concentrations were typically obtained by the TD-based method, implying its superior performance. These results gave evident confidence in the performance of the TD-based method, which facilitated the simple, solvent-free and accurate quantification of SVOC in house dust.
Carceral reckoning and twenty-first century US abolition movements: Generational struggles in the fight against prisons
Authors: Kurti Zhandarka , Brown Michelle
Published: May 2023

The spectacle of racist state violence in the middle of a global pandemic was the spark that ignited one of the largest Black led and multiracial protest movements in recent history. The George Floyd rebellion propelled abolitionist politics from the margins to the mainstream of American political life. In the span of a few months, abolitionism supplanted liberal visions of reforming the carceral state. While important academic work continues to highlight the social and historical context that produced such widespread resistance to the American punishment regime, very little attention has been paid to how and why abolitionism gained such mainstream acceptance. We argue that the successful mainstreaming of the twenty-first century abolitionist response to the crisis of the carceral state is due to generational and intergenerational experiences of mostly Black and Brown organizers fighting against policing and incarceration. As new abolitionism forces reckonings with the carceral state and its major institutions, through important shifts, methodologies, and newly imagined forms of freedom, these movements necessitate new questions in the study of punishment: What are the tensions and contradictions that twenty-first century abolitionists are contending with as they build intergenerational movements against policing and prisons? How does the abolitionist legacy inform the work that we do as scholars and activists? How does the carceral reckoning realign political education and struggle?
The effects of risk-taking tendency and achievement needs on the entrepreneurial potential of the Syrian refugees in Turkey
Authors: Paksoy H Mustafa , Özbezek B Dilek , Kord Arabo Subhi
Published: May 2023

The main purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the risk-taking tendency and achievement needs of Syrian refugee entrepreneurs on their entrepreneurship potential. In the measurement tool designed for this purpose, the risk-taking scale, the achievement needs scale, and the entrepreneurship potential scale, which has been created from the study of Oren and Bickes, has been used. The study is carried out in Gaziantep, which is one of the provinces where Syrian refugees live most intensely in Turkey. The data obtained from 395 Syrian refugee entrepreneurs who set up businesses in Gaziantep by the survey method have been evaluated with explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation, and structural equation modeling. As a result of the correlation analysis, positive and significant relationships were determined between their risk-taking tendency, achievement need, and entrepreneurship potential. Besides that, in the structural equation model created to test the research hypotheses, it has been found that the effects of both the risk-taking tendency and the achievement need on entrepreneurship potential were positive and significant.
“Smile for the camera”: Online warehouse tours as a form of dark tourism within the era of late capitalism
Authors: Lynes Adam , Wragg Esme
Published: May 2023

Over the past 50 years dark tourism has also seen exponential growth in terms of both physical and digital contexts. Dark tourism is primarily a concentration around documented accounts of physical violence, and theorisations centred on dark tourism studies have generally fallen within either behavioural or interpretivist perspectives. Such perspectives are indicative of the continually evolving nature of dark tourism and its receptiveness to new definitions, conceptual frameworks, and theorisations. Taking this into consideration, this concept paper seeks to develop and broaden the notion of “dark tourism” within the era of late capitalism by presenting a content analysis of Amazon’s virtual warehouse tour. In drawing upon critical notions of violence and the emerging deviant leisure framework, this paper will aim to instigate fresh academic enquiry into the nature of dark tourism, expand its theoretical underpinnings, and subsequently provide a means in which to examine how banal forms of tourism play an integral part in the proliferation of some of the most serious harms that populate the contemporary neoliberal landscape. Within this fresh interpretation of dark tourism, this paper also examines the relationship between the Internet, technology and late-stage capitalism, and the implications that this has in studying how corporations use such forms of media in tourism production in order to downplay and obfuscate the realities behind their activities.
Reframing social justice through indigenous know-how: Implications for social development, policy and practice
Authors: Fonchingong Che Charles
Published: May 2023

Crafting a viable social justice–based policy is touted as critical for revamping social development in emerging economies. There is little understanding of social justice and forging sustainable relationships for social development through utilization of indigenous know-how. With evidence from local communities in Cameroon, this article explores conceptions of social justice through indigenous know-how and considers their implications for social development, policy and practice. Drawing on empirical data and in-depth, semi-structured interviews with key informants, this case study lays the foundations of what drives social justice and social development, often ‘behind the scenes’. This study ‘unpeels’ the invisible enablers and barriers to social development; a proposed social justice wheel and instruments deployed demonstrates how indigenous knowledge systems and institutions address multifaceted problems. Uppermost on the social justice agenda are issues related to counsel, affective community ties and social cohesion, oral traditions and mores, arbitration of community affairs, and projects of pressing need such as clean water, land disputes, mobilizing local resources in tackling key concerns related to poverty, agricultural practices, food security and climate change. Although due process and traditional diligence are harder to maintain due to underhand arrangements and often corrupt leadership, communities are reframing social justice to build capability on an incremental scale. The study illuminates the centrality and policy conundrum of fostering people-centred development. Harnessing indigenous agency, in synergy with modern governance institutions such as social services, to bolster social development is a prerequisite for enhancing a heightened sense of human rights and lessening inequality.
Negotiation and the law of contract – multivalency or incoherence?
Authors: Soper Charles Haward
Published: May 2023

Negotiation features in Contract Law in numerous guises. (1) Courts recognise that negotiation may precede agreement (2) Courts will enforce agreements made after a negotiation process where parties intended to enter into legally binding arrangements (3) Courts decline to construe the contract by interrogation of the negotiations which led up to the point of agreement (4) A Court may create imaginary negotiation evidence, gleaning this from a Court simulated negotiation between hypothetical parties to the actual agreement (5) In the event of a breach of contract, a party may establish that the breaching party had actual knowledge of a state of affairs that might be a not improbable result of that breach. That actual knowledge will almost certainly have been created or transferred during negotiations. In this note, I argue that the principles of construction at 3 and 5 above are manifestly mutually incompatible. The logic of my argument is that reconsideration of the exclusionary rule is merited, particularly in the light of multiple exceptions and given the fact that Judges routinely deal with evidence of negotiations. As the actual knowledge rule is unexceptionable and the exclusionary rule highly questionable, coherence can be brought to the law relatively easily.
TopoBERT: Exploring the topology of fine-tuned word representations
Authors: Rathore Archit , Zhou Yichu , Srikumar Vivek , Wang Bei
Published: May 2023

Transformer-based language models such as BERT and its variants have found widespread use in natural language processing (NLP). A common way of using these models is to fine-tune them to improve their performance on a specific task. However, it is currently unclear how the fine-tuning process affects the underlying structure of the word embeddings from these models. We present TopoBERT, a visual analytics system for interactively exploring the fine-tuning process of various transformer-based models – across multiple fine-tuning batch updates, subsequent layers of the model, and different NLP tasks – from a topological perspective. The system uses the mapper algorithm from topological data analysis (TDA) to generate a graph that approximates the shape of a model’s embedding space for an input dataset. TopoBERT enables its users (e.g. experts in NLP and linguistics) to (1) interactively explore the fine-tuning process across different model-task pairs, (2) visualize the shape of embedding spaces at multiple scales and layers, and (3) connect linguistic and contextual information about the input dataset with the topology of the embedding space. Using TopoBERT, we provide various use cases to exemplify its applications in exploring fine-tuned word embeddings. We further demonstrate the utility of TopoBERT, which enables users to generate insights about the fine-tuning process and provides support for empirical validation of these insights.
Acoustic emission monitoring of naturally developed damage in large-scale low-speed roller bearings
Authors: Scheeren Bart , Kaminski Miroslaw Lech , Pahlavan Lotfollah
Published: May 2023

This article presents an approach to identify naturally developed damage in low-speed bearings using waveform-similarity-based clustering of acoustic emissions (AEs) under fatigue loading. The approach is motivated by the notation that each recorded AE signal from a particular damage is defined by the convolution of the source signal, transfer function of the propagation path and transfer function of the utilised sensor, and may thusly be used to identify consistent AE sources, for example due to crack growth. A sequential clustering procedure is proposed, that is based on waveform cross-correlation. The supporting theoretical background of waveform similarity, rooted in an analytical formulation of waveform propagation and transmission in complex structures, is discussed. The presented methodology is evaluated through application to AE data obtained in a low-speed run-to-failure experiment utilising a densely instrumented purpose-built linear bearing segment. The implemented sensor system comprises arrays of three types of AE transducers, that is relatively low - (40–100 kHz), mid - (95–180 kHz) and high-frequency (180–580 kHz), that are situated on both the raceways and supporting substructures of either side of the bearing. Over the course of 225,000 cycles of extension and retraction, wear has been developed. A total of about ∼2,300,000 AE signals have been recorded. Analysis of the recorded data suggests the rate of degradation increases from around 70,000 cycles onwards. Highly consistent structures of clusters indicative of a localised defect in the raceway have been identified from around 170,000 cycles onwards. These clusters are characterised by hit-rates in the range of 1–2 hits per cycle and an average similarity of 93%, they comprise about half the AE activity for the periods they have been identified for. These results highlight that the proposed cross-correlation-based clustering of AE waveforms and identification of multi-channel formations in said clusters compose a suitable methodology for assessment of damage in low-speed roller bearings.
Deep learning-based concrete defects classification and detection using semantic segmentation
Authors: Arafin Palisa , Billah AHM Muntasir , Issa Anas
Published: May 2023

Visual damage detection of infrastructure using deep learning (DL)-based computational approaches can facilitate a potential solution to reduce subjectivity yet increase the accuracy of the damage diagnoses and accessibility in a structural health monitoring (SHM) system. However, despite remarkable advances with DL-based SHM, the most significant challenges to achieving the real-time implication are the limited available defects image databases and the selection of DL networks depth. To address these challenges, this research has created a diverse dataset with concrete crack (4087) and spalling (1100) images and used it for damage condition assessment by applying convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithms. CNN-classifier models are used to identify different types of defects and semantic segmentation for labeling the defect patterns within an image. Three CNN-based models—Visual Geometry Group (VGG)19, ResNet50, and InceptionV3 are incorporated as CNN-classifiers. For semantic segmentation, two encoder-decoder models, U-Net and pyramid scene parsing network architecture are developed based on four backbone models, including VGG19, ResNet50, InceptionV3, and EfficientNetB3. The CNN-classifier models are analyzed on two optimizers—stochastic gradient descent (SGD), root mean square propagation (RMSprop), and learning rates—0.1, 0.001, and 0.0001. However, the CNN-segmentation models are analyzed for SGD and adaptive moment estimation, trained with three different learning rates—0.1, 0.01, and 0.0001, and evaluated based on accuracy, intersection over union, precision, recall, and F1-score. InceptionV3 achieves the best performance for defects classification with an accuracy of 91.98% using the RMSprop optimizer. For crack segmentation, EfficientNetB3-based U-Net, and for spalling segmentation, IncenptionV3-based U-Net model outperformed all other algorithms, with an F1-score of 95.66 and 89.43%, respectively.
Fatigue stress estimation of metro bogie frame through frequency response functions by using limited sensors
Authors: Sun Yi , Wei Lai , Qu Sheng , Dai Huanyun
Published: May 2023

In this paper, the fatigue state estimation of the metro bogie frame is discussed based on limited sensors through frequency domain methods. The middle-frequency and high-frequency vibration fatigue damage cases of one metro bogie frame is discussed. The main excitations come from the wheel/rail interactions including wheel out-of-roundness and rail irregularities. The most common modal vibration of the bogie frame, where the transom bending deformation is dominant, is taken as the research object to study the possibilities of fatigue failure monitoring on concerned points of the bogie frame transom focusing on specific transfer paths. To eliminate unnecessary input signals which are not closely related to the occurrence of large stress amplitudes, the coherence analysis of different loads including the transmission load, carbody load and wheel-rail impact load is conducted through various methods including the short-time Fourier transform spectrum analysis, the magnitude-squared coherence analysis and the partial directed coherence analysis. Then the power spectral densities (PSDs) of the measured accelerations and cross power spectral densities (CPSDs) are calculated to obtain the transfer functions, whose output is the Y-axis stress at the concerned point. The stress PSDs are obtained using the instantly measured input accelerations and the prepared transfer function. Then the spectral moments and the stress amplitudes distribution functions are calculated through the frequency domain method to overcome the computational burden. The stress reconstructions based on inverse fast Fourier transform are analyzed and the fatigue damage results show good consistency with the experimental ones.
God moves in mysterious ways: Faith units and their influence on prison governance in Argentina and Sweden
Authors: Pedrosa Albert , Alm Susanne , Roxell Lena , Manchado Mauricio
Published: May 2023

Faith-based units are prison spaces centred on the performance of religious practices that can nowadays be found in prisons in several countries. These faith-based practices have usually been explored in relation to the effects they have on inmates, but there are few studies that have explored how their presence affects prison life and how they can influence prison governance. This article will compare two different faith-based prison experiences located in two very different social and penitentiary contexts, Argentina and Sweden, in order to explore how the presence of these units affects prison management. To do so, we will analyse semi-structured interviews with 55 individuals conducted in prisons in both countries.
The Impact of the Early COVID-19 Pandemic on Registered Nurses’ Intent to Stay in Nursing
Authors: Yu Gary , Kovner Christine T. , Glassman Kimberly , Devanter Nancy Van , Ridge Laura Jean , Raveis Victoria H.
Published: May 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has been difficult for registered nurses. Media reports, most of them anecdotal, have reported upticks in nurse resignations, and plans to resign and/or leave nursing due to COVID-19. This article reports findings from an online anonymous 95-item survey completed by about 1,600 nurses from a New York City metropolitan area health system's (HS) four hospitals and ambulatory care centers about their COVID-19 experience in the spring of 2020, their intent to stay at the HS, and their intent to stay working as a nurse. Conducted early in the pandemic, this survey addresses a major gap in the literature, as there was no timely evaluation of nurses’ intent to leave during the “Great Attrition” wave or to stay during the “Great Attraction” trend. Among those nurses completing the survey, 85.7% reported that they planned to work as a nurse one year later and 77.9% reported that they planned to work at the HS one year later. Those nurses who obtained a master’s or doctoral degree as their first professional degree in nursing, or had a high level of mastery, were less likely to report an intent to stay at the HS. Those with no children, those who thought the HS was more supportive, and those who thought that registered nurse–medical doctor relations were higher were more likely to intend to stay at the HS. Those nurses who reported worse communication with their nurse manager were less likely to report an intent to stay in nursing. Those who reported lower stress, who were unmarried and had no children were more likely to intend to work as nurses. Our findings on nurses’ intent to leave their organization and their intent to leave nursing are much lower than reports in the popular press. Our data were collected early in the pandemic and it may not reflect the accumulated stress nurses experienced from witnessing the death of so many patients.
Haecceity of Becoming-Mother: A Diffractive Analysis of Babywearing Through a Global Pandemic
Authors: Platt Louise
Published: May 2023

This paper problematizes notions of good/bad mothering by putting to work Deleuze and Guattari’s haecceity. Focusing on babywearing, it presents an autoethnography of my experiences of becoming-mother during the Covid-19 pandemic. Using diffractive analysis, I analyze the entanglement of my experiences of babywearing, research diaries, images/selfies, the regulations introduced during the pandemic, and the “global cultural script” of being a good mother. It works toward a position of (k)not knowing, being open to the unknown. Under the lens of haecceity, becoming-mother is “thisness”—a middle, knotting, and unknotting, ever emergent.
A Simple Guide to Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Authors: Mantsiou Chrysanthi , Liakos Aris , Mainou Maria , Papanas Nikolaos , Tsapas Apostolos , Bekiari Eleni
Published: May 2023

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses lie on the top of the evidence hierarchy because they utilize explicit methods for literature search and retrieval of studies relevant to the review question as well as robust methodology for quality assessment of included studies and quantitative synthesis of results. As opposed to narrative reviews which represent the authors’ personal judgments, they may be more resource-intensive, but provide an unbiased answer to a specific clinical query. Clinical guidelines are usually supported by such evidence syntheses. Therefore, it is important that healthcare practitioners become competent in understanding and applying systematic review findings. This simple guide outlines the key principles regarding the design, conduct and interpretation of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
Navigating the Challenges of Implementing a New Course: The Case of Southeastern Academy
Authors: Saperstein Evan
Published: May 2023

During the 2016 to 2017 school year, the Québec Ministry of Education announced the rollout of a new course, Financial Education, that would take effect the following September. This sparked a curriculum debate over its potential impact on another Grade 11 course, Contemporary World. Tasked with preparing educators to teach both courses, the Social Sciences pedagogical consultant prepared instructional resources, organized professional learning communities, coordinated professional development training workshops, and arranged meetings with the principal, vice-principals, and board level administrators. This hypothetical case presents issues and challenges that may arise for educational leaders during the development and implementation of a new course.
Decreased Complication Rate Using Partially Threaded Compared With Fully Threaded Compression Screws in 4 Corner Arthrodesis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Hanna Tammam , Smith Nathan , Akalonu Chibuzo , Simmons Jack , Nehete Priyanka V. , Dodson Mark
Published: May 2023

Background:

Scapho-lunate advanced collapse (SLAC) and scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC) of the wrist are the most common types of wrist arthritis. We compared the union rate and complication profile of patients with SLAC and SNAC wrist undergoing 4 corner arthrodesis with partially threaded or fully threaded headless compression screws.

Methods:

A single-center retrospective review was conducted to identify all patients treated for SLAC and SNAC with 4 corner fusion using headless compression screws from 2016 to 2021. A total of 33 patients undergoing surgery on 35 wrists were identified and included in the study. Demographics, comorbidities, complication profile, and radiographs were collected and compared between groups.

Results:

One hundred percent (16/16) of partially threaded and 84.2% (16/19) of fully threaded screws demonstrated union by minimum 10-week follow-up. The total complication rate (avascular necrosis of lunate, screw loosening, etc.) was 31.4%; 52.6% of wrists implanted with fully threaded screws experienced complications compared with a 6.3% complication rate with partially threaded screws. The difference was statistically significant between the 2 groups ( P = .004).

Conclusions:

Four corner arthrodesis using antegrade compression screws is an effective, reproducible method to achieve fusion in the wrist. The use of fully threaded screws was associated with more complications than with partially threaded screws, although union rate was not significantly different. Future studies with larger sample sizes would be useful to fully elucidate differences between these 2 constructs.
An improved numerical model for locomotive tensegrity systems based on vector form intrinsic finite element
Authors: Xu Xian , Wang Meijia , Zheng Yanfeng , Zhou Chunlin , Luo Yaozhi
Published: May 2023

Locomotive robot based on tensegrity has recently drawn much attention due to its lightweight and flexibility. This article presents an improved numerical model for locomotive tensegrities. The previously used bar element for struts is replaced by beam element, and rigid joint element is used to consider more details of the tendon–strut connections. The vector form intrinsic finite element (VFIFE) method is adopted to formulate the numerical model and carry out the simulation. The improvement of the proposed model on the prediction of feasible rolling gaits is quantitatively verified by experiments on a six-strut locomotive tensegrity. Mann–Whitney U test is adopted, and the p value between the experimental success rates of the gait primitives generated by the improved model and the rates of the gait primitives generated by the previous model is [Formula: see text]. It is shown that the improved model is more consistent with the experiment by considering the details of the tendon–strut connection.
Understanding the complexities of mathematical cognition: A multi-level framework
Authors: Gilmore Camilla
Published: May 2023

Mathematics skills are associated with future employment, well-being, and quality of life. However, many adults and children fail to learn the mathematics skills they require. To improve this situation, we need to have a better understanding of the processes of learning and performing mathematics. Over the past two decades, there has been a substantial growth in psychological research focusing on mathematics. However, to make further progress, we need to pay greater attention to the nature of, and multiple elements involved in, mathematical cognition. Mathematics is not a single construct; rather, overall mathematics achievement is comprised of proficiency with specific components of mathematics (e.g., number fact knowledge, algebraic thinking), which in turn recruit basic mathematical processes (e.g., magnitude comparison, pattern recognition). General cognitive skills and different learning experiences influence the development of each component of mathematics as well as the links between them. Here, I propose and provide evidence for a framework that structures how these components of mathematics fit together. This framework allows us to make sense of the proliferation of empirical findings concerning influences on mathematical cognition and can guide the questions we ask, identifying where we are missing both research evidence and models of specific mechanisms.
Normative values and diagnostic optimisation of three social cognition measures for autism and schizophrenia diagnosis in a healthy adolescent and adult sample
Authors: Mazza Monica , Donne Ilenia Le , Vagnetti Roberto , Attanasio Margherita , Paola Greco Maria , Chiara Pino Maria , Valenti Marco
Published: May 2023

Awareness of the importance of assessing social cognition skills under conditions showing atypical social behaviours has increased over the years. However, the evaluation of the psychometric properties of the measures and the availability of normative values for the clinical context are still limited. This study aims to revise, provide normative values, and evaluate the clinical validity of the Italian version of three social cognition measures: Advanced Theory of Mind (A-ToM) task, the Emotion Attribution Task (EAT), and the Social Situation Task (SST). Measures were administered to 580 adolescents and adult healthy controls (age range 14–50). We performed differential item functioning and Rasch analysis to revise each task, so normative data of the revised measures were calculated. Moreover, the revised measures were administered to 38 individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 35 individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD): ASD and SSD were matched by age, gender, and IQ with a control sample to evaluate clinical validity. ROC analysis showed that the SST is the best measure differentiating between healthy and clinical groups, compared to the A-ToM (AUCASD = 0.70; AUCSSD = 0.65) and EAT (AUCASD = 0.67; AUCSSD = 0.50), which showed poorer performance. For SSD diagnosis, two SST subscales (Violation and Gravity score) indicated the best accuracy (AUCs of 0.88 and 0.84, respectively); for the ASD diagnosis, we propose a combined score between the SST subscale and A-ToM (AUC = 0.86). The results suggest that the proposed measures can be used to support the diagnostic process and clinical practice.
Memory practices ‘from below’: Mnemonic solidarity, intimacy and counter-monuments in the practices of Zoscua, Colombia
Authors: Taylor Claire
Published: May 2023

This article analyses the memory practices of Corporación Zoscua, a small, grassroots activist group in Colombia representing victims of the armed conflict within the region of Boyacá. After an initial grounding within the broader context of transitional justice and historical memory debates within Colombia, the article focuses on how Zoscua’s practices constitute a form of tactical, vernacular memory-making from below that involves temporary alliances and negotiations in order to make interventions into the mnemonic spaces of the city. Based on a mixed-methods approach that includes semi-structured interviews with participants, as well as textual and paratextual analysis, the article provides an analysis of the conception and construction of their memory wall in the city of Tunja. It highlights first how the choice of location of the wall constitutes a tactical take-over of public space, with grassroots memory being inserted into a conventionally top-down locale that conveys official, state-sponsored national values. Second, the article considers the practices and negotiations involved in designing and building the wall, and, subsequently, focuses on the content of the wall, with particular attention to the collective and collaborative nature of the artwork that, through its imagery, composition and focus on emotions, and contests the high-art values normally associated with monumental practices. The article concludes by suggesting that the distinction between top-down and bottom-up memory initiatives is complicated when examining the mnemonic practices of grassroots memory actors, who make tactical use of alliances to further their aims. As the analysis in this article reveals, bottom-up strategies undertaken by community groups and top-down initiatives promoted by authorities often become entangled or coalesce, evidenced both in the practices and negotiations involved in creating grassroots memorials, and in the resulting materiality of the memorial wall under discussion.
The difficult, divisive and disruptive heritage of the Queensland Native Mounted Police
Authors: Burke Heather , Wallis Lynley A , Hadnutt Nicholas , Davidson Iain , Ellwood Galiina , Sullivan Lance
Published: May 2023

The colonial history of nineteenth-century Queensland was arguably dominated by the actions of the Native Mounted Police, Australia’s most punitive native policing force. The centrality of the Native Mounted Police to the sustained economic success of Queensland for over half a century, and their widespread, devastating effects on Aboriginal societies across the colony, have left a complex legacy. For non-Indigenous Queenslanders, a process of obscuring the Native Mounted Police began perhaps as soon as a detachment was removed from an area, reflected today in the minimisation of the Native Mounted Police in official histories and their omission from non-Indigenous heritage lists. In contrast, the Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Database preserves several elements of frontier conflict and Native Mounted Police presence, giving rise to parallel state-level narratives, neither of which map directly onto local and regional memory. This highlights potential issues for formal processes of truth-telling relating to frontier conflict that have recently been initiated by the Queensland and Federal Governments. Of particular concern is the form that such a process might adopt. Drawing on a 4-year project to document the workings of the Queensland Native Mounted Police through archival, archaeological and oral historical sources, we suggest that this conflicted and conflictual heritage can best be bridged through empathetic truth-telling, using Rothberg’s notion of the implicated subject to consider contemporary contexts of responsibility and connect present-day Queenslanders with this difficult, divisive and disruptive past.
Predictive validity of integrity tests for workplace deviance across industries and countries in the past 50 years: A meta-analytic review
Authors: Wing-Man Lau Rebecca , Chan Darius Kwan-Shing , Sun Fan , Cheng Grand Hak-Land
Published: May 2023

The current meta-analysis provides a comprehensive and updated review on integrity-testing findings across industries and countries in the past 50 years (k  =  150, N  =  67,016). Integrity tests were coded into the types of overt tests, covert tests, biodata, organizational measures, value/moral reasoning/situational judgment tests, integrity-related cognitive ability tests, and novel measures. The criterion measures of workplace deviance included CWBs, unethical pro-organizational behaviors, and other workplace deviant behaviors. For the information source, both computer and manual searches were performed to locate relevant published and unpublished papers. A variety of sources were examined to avoid publication bias, and publication bias analyses were conducted to uphold the methodological rigor. Results indicated that all the integrity tests analyzed were significant in predicting workplace deviance, with an overall mean validity estimate corrected for indirect range restriction and measurement error as .43 (95% CI [.32; .52]; p < .001). Among the tests, the value-oriented tests and cognitive ability tests indicated relatively large validity estimates of .60 (95% CI [.41; .75]; p < .001) and .65 (95% CI [.53; .74]; p < .001), respectively. The relationship between integrity tests and workplace deviance was found to be significantly moderated by the type of integrity test, industry, country, and criterion source. The effect size of integrity tests was largest in predicting deviance in the military and law enforcement sector, and relatively large in the work samples of Canada, Germany, Israel, Romania, and the United States. However, the moderating effects of the nature of deviance, validation sample, validation strategy, publication status, medium of test, and gender, were nonsignificant. Compared with previous reviews, our study was unique in its cross-cultural direction, which included primary studies of integrity testing in countries with different languages (e.g., publications in Chinese) and associated cultural variations. New insights and comparisons with previous meta-analytic findings were discussed.
How are Principal Preparation Programs Preparing Leaders for Family and Community Engagement?
Authors: Mayger Linda K.
Published: May 2023

This qualitative content analysis of course descriptions and syllabi examines how family and community engagement are addressed in principal preparation programs. Relying on a conceptual framework that centers four areas of practice, the analysis determined only half of programs had a substantial focus on families and communities. Many programs that did address FCE relied on outdated literature and standards or lacked authentic skill-development experiences to prepare school leaders for collaboration with family and community members. The results suggest many aspiring principals are leaving educational leadership programs ill-equipped to lead more democratic approaches to schooling and unaware that such models exist.
The Impact of Regulatory Fit on Experienced Autonomy
Authors: Hamstra Melvyn R. W. , Laurijssen L. Maxim , Schreurs Bert
Published: May 2023

This research sought to test the hypothesis that regulatory fit enhances people’s feelings of autonomy. Regulatory fit can be created by prompting people to execute a task using means of task execution that fit (vs. do not fit) their preferred means of goal-pursuit. Assigning people to do a task using a particular means implies they do not exercise choice in applying their preferred means of goal-pursuit. Nevertheless, we reasoned that fitting task means would lead to higher feelings of autonomy while working on a task because, under conditions of regulatory fit, people are using the means that they would have chosen if they had been given choice. We conducted 10 experiments (total N = 3,124) to test the effect of regulatory fit versus regulatory non-fit on experienced autonomy and a meta-analysis of the effects supported our hypothesis for both promotion focus-based fit and prevention focus-based fit.
Characteristics of and 3-month health outcomes for people seeking treatment with prescribed cannabis: Real-world evidence from Project Twenty21
Authors: Lynskey Michael T , Schlag Anne K , Athanasiou-Fragkouli Alkyoni , Badcock David , Nutt David J
Published: May 2023

Medicinal cannabis has been legal in the UK since 2018 but there is limited information about characteristics of people seeking prescribed cannabis and the effectiveness of this treatment. This paper documents symptom patterns and quality of life among individuals seeking medicinal cannabis and examines changes in symptoms, quality of life and use of prescribed opioids using data from an observational registry study of patients (Project Twenty21). Self-report data, including condition-specific symptomatology and general health (quality of life, general health, mood and sleep), were available at treatment entry for 2833 patients seeking medicinal cannabis for any indication and also at 3-month follow-up for 1410 individuals seeking treatment for anxiety disorders, chronic pain or PTSD. Among chronic pain patients, dose and frequency of prescribed opioid use was available. There were consistent improvements in disease-specific symptomatology and in general health and quality of life 3 months after commencing treatment. Effect sizes, assessed using Cohen's d, ranged from 0.50 to 1.17. Among chronic pain patients using opioids at the start of treatment, there was a moderate reduction in Milligrams of Morphine Equivalents: from 22.5 to 8.3 mg/day (Cohen's d = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.19–0.38). Adverse events were rare (3.2% reported one or more adverse events) and were mostly assessed as either mild or moderate severity: the most common AEs were dry mouth (15 occurrences) and feeling drowsy or having red eyes (both reported 11 times). Despite limitations of observational research, including the lack of randomisation or a control group and potential selection bias, these results indicate that prescribed cannabinoids are associated with a reduction in condition-specific symptomatology, improvement in quality of life and a reduction in prescribed opioid use. While further research is needed to better understand who will most likely benefit from which prescribed cannabinoids, real-world evidence of their effectiveness and safety supports efforts to increase access to these medications.
The role of internal branding in managing sustainable brand transformation
Authors: Regany Fatima , Longo Cristina
Published: May 2023

Research has explored the organizational context required to develop sustainable brands, but has ignored how the transformation unfolds. We draw on the internal branding conceptual framework to study how sustainable brand transformation is internally managed and the issues emerging in this transformation. A qualitative study, based on a variety of sources (interviews with managers, observation, secondary data), reveals collaborative and tensed internal branding dynamics between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and marketing managers, inducing a CSR-based positioning and co-creation of sustainable brands. The figure of the activist emerges as a leader who works to turn his colleagues into sustainable brand-change champions. Moreover, when connecting to external branding, managers navigate through two sets of contradictions that feed brand dilemmas: transparent communication versus opaque silence and self-confidence versus doubt. Theoretical contributions in internal branding, brand co-creation, and sustainable brand complexities as well as recommendations to internally manage and accelerate sustainable brand transformation are presented.
Into the Hive-Mind: Shared Absorption and Cardiac Interrelations in Expert and Student String Quartets
Authors: Høffding Simon , Yi Wenbo , Lippert Eigil , Sanchez Victor Gonzales , Bishop Laura , Laeng Bruno , Danielsen Anne , Jensenius Alexander Refsum , Wallot Sebastian
Published: May 2023

Expert musicians portray awe-inspiring precision, timing, and phrasing and may be thought to partake in a “hive-mind.” Such a shared musical absorption is characterized by a heightened empathic relation, mutual trust, and a sense that the music “takes over,” thus uniting the performers’ musical intentions. Previous studies have found correlations between empathic concern or shared experience and cardiac synchrony (CS). We aimed to investigate shared musical absorption in terms of CS by analyzing CS in two quartets: a student quartet, the Borealis String Quartet (BSQ), and an expert quartet, the Danish String Quartet (DSQ), world-renowned for their interpretations and cohesion. These two quartets performed the same Haydn excerpt in seven conditions, some of which were designed to disrupt their absorption. Using multidimensional recurrence quantification analysis (MdRQA), we found that: (1) performing resulted in significantly increased CS in both quartets compared with resting; (2) across all conditions, the DSQ had a significantly higher CS than the BSQ; (3) the BSQ's CS was inversely correlated with the degree of disruption; 4) for the DSQ, the CS remained constant across all levels of disruption, besides one added extreme disruption—a sight-reading condition. These findings tentatively support the claim that a sense of shared musical absorption, as well as group expertise, is correlated with CS.
Cumulative Pandemic Stressors, Psychosocial Resources, and Psychological Distress: Toward a More Comprehensive Test of a Pandemic Stress Process
Authors: Louie Patricia , Upenieks Laura , Hill Terrence D.
Published: May 2023

Although the mental health consequences of individual COVID-19 stressors (e.g., bereavement, job loss, or financial strain) have been well-documented, little is known about the cumulative toll of multiple pandemic stressors. Using national data from the Crime, Health, and Politics Survey (May–June 2021), we test whether the accumulation of pandemic stressors is associated with greater psychological distress. We also consider whether this association is moderated by psychosocial resources (i.e., mastery, self-esteem, and social support). Our findings suggest that individuals who report three or more pandemic stressors tend to exhibit greater psychological distress than those who report fewer pandemic stressors or no pandemic stressors. While mastery offsets the impact of pandemic stressors at higher levels of stress exposure (i.e., two or more COVID-19 stressors), social support and self-esteem played a stress-buffering role to a point, but became ineffective at the highest levels of pandemic stress. The current study provides new insights into the pandemic stress process by conceptualizing and operationalizing the cumulative impact of COVID-19 stressors. We also confirm the continued significance of traditional coping resources in the context of novel pandemic stressors.
Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Repair With Augmentation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Preclinical Studies
Authors: Boksh Khalis , Mishra Pranav , Akram Nimra , Abdolrazaghi Sina , Singh Harvinder
Published: May 2023

Background:

Reconstruction is the gold standard treatment for medial ulnar collateral ligament (MUCL) injuries. However, recent studies show a successful and renewed interest in direct suture repair, particularly in young athletes. Repair augmentation with a suture tape may provide greater stability, enabling healing of the MUCL while protecting the repair at higher valgus loads.

Purpose:

To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on whether MUCL repair with augmentation provides a similar biomechanical profile to the traditional MUCL reconstruction.

Study Design:

Systematic review.

Methods:

The Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials, PubMed, Medline, and Embase were used to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria with the following search terms: (“ulnar collateral ligament” OR “medial ulnar collateral ligament”) AND (“internal brace” OR “augmentation” OR “suture tape”). Data pertaining to certain biomechanical properties (gap formation, failure to torque [ultimate load to failure], stiffness, degree of valgus opening, and modes of failure) were extracted. The pooled outcome data were analyzed by random- and fixed-effects models. A total of 203 abstracts were identified through the aforementioned databases.

Results:

After abstract and full-text screening, 6 biomechanical studies were included. All were on cadaveric elbows, with 53 repairs with augmentation and 53 reconstructions compared. There were no differences between the 2 in regard to ultimate load to failure (standard mean difference [SMD], –0.34 N·m; 95% CI, –1.36 to 0.68; P = .51) and rotational stiffness (SMD, 0.26; 95% CI, –1.14 to 1.66; P = .72). Despite a trend in resistance to gapping with augmented repair, this was not significant (SMD, –0.53; 95% CI, –1.08 to 0.01; P = .06). Augmented repairs were more likely to fail by pullout or at the suture-tendon/anchor-suture interface (odds ratio [OR], 12.19; 95% CI, 4.17 to 35.62; P < .00001), while failure by fracture was more common with reconstruction (OR, 5.75; 95% CI, 2.07 to 15.99; P = .0008).

Conclusion:

MUCL augmented repair establishes the required time-zero structural properties without the need for a tendon graft. However, future clinical studies are necessary to determine its true effectiveness as well as its success at higher levels of professional sport.