bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of Generating Emotions in Audio-Based Media
Authors: Wójciszyn-Wasil Aneta
Published: April 2023

Audio-based content is considered to be extremely intimate and easily evoking emotions in listeners.        The aim of this article is to determine the affective mechanisms used in audio productions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The analysis focuses on radio programmes of public and commercial radio stations and the broadly defined audio media segment: podcasts and streaming services from Europe, the USA, and Australia. The content created during the so-called first wave of the pandemic (March–June 2020) was considered. Sound recordings are analysed in terms of four aspects related to the structure of audio content: words, music, acoustic effects, and silence. This study aims to present the perspective of a broadcaster who designs the audience’s affective reactions and the unique nature of radio journalists’ work during the pandemic.

The study confirmed the use of mechanisms intended to intensify and regulate emotions in audio productions in all of the analysed areas. This is especially true for emotionally-charged lexis, voice expressions, selection of musical repertoire and solutions applied in sound editing. The importance of silence as an acoustic equivalent of distance, void and isolation is emphasised. We put forward a list of mechanisms behind generating and modulating emotions in audio-based media. The study shows how sound, as diverse as it is, conveys emotions in the media.
Perspectives of Cultural Studies (Conceptualisation of Emotions in the Discourse of Cultural Studies)
Authors: Gruchoła Małgorzata
Published: April 2023

The aim of this article is to conceptualise emotions in the discourse of cultural studies, which were initiated in the 1970s. American discourse focuses on the role of emotions in shaping individuality and subjectivity (emotional labour), while European discourse focuses on their historically and culturally conditioned constructs. Even though they have been regarded in academic discourse as opposed to reason, today it is believed that emotions determine cognitive processes, and cognitive processes can have an effect on emotions.

The article discusses theoretical concepts related to emotions: biological determinism/ biological reductionism, socio-cultural constructivism and deconstructionism, affective turn, and culture of emotions.
Perspective of the Audiovisual Arts: On Ways and Tools of Studying Emotions in the Current Visuals
Authors: Sławek-Czochra Małgorzata , Sosnowska Joanna
Published: April 2023

Emotions in visual arts can be subject to an analysis on the level of the act of creation, the work itself, categories of technique and reception, as well as on the degree of division into form and content. Studies show a dichotomy between an intellectual (cognitive) sphere and an emotional (aesthetic) sphere, pointing to the role of recipients’ competence, allowing them to properly read the cultural and artistic code behind emotions presented in visual works.

The article is a theoretical review of methods, trends and tools for researching emotions in audiovisual arts. It presents ways of studying emotions in visual arts: film/video, photograph/graphics, all available through the media. They should be discussed on three levels: emotional objectives of the sender, emotions inherent in the artistic work, and emotional reception. Works of visual arts combine virtual and actual realities, hence the way a visual work is created is important. Therefore, the article also presents tools for the study of emotions in audiovisual art on three levels: a) in relation to means of expression, b) aesthetic, and c) presenting content. The summary clearly shows the transdisciplinary nature and methodological syncretism of research on emotions in audiovisual art.
Without noticing the glass ceiling: women in the leadership of higher education in Russia
Authors:   Starooskolsky Technological Institute named after A.A. Ugarov (branch) of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education ", Mukhina Zinara Z. ,   National Research Technological University ",   MISIS"
Published: April 2023

According to the tradition, opinion that has long been estab-lished in Russian historiography, the women's issue in Russia was resolved in the mid-1930s, and with it the equality of women and men in all spheres of society was legislated. In fact, equality was manifested only in the political and economic mobilization of women, but not at all in the availability of professions and posi-tions. However, a small "inaccuracy" about full equality turns out to be literally "a lie for salvation" when studying the biographical trajectories of individual Russians. Confident in the accessibility of any administrative heights, some educated and ambitious Russians proved by their own example the achievability of their own goals. The article substantiates the possibility of a profes-sional breakthrough based on the identification of typicalities in the social behavior of individual representatives of the Russian educated elite. The success of female rectors in post-Soviet Rus-sia undermines the belief that women are less competitive, re-veals the reasons for underestimating women's professional com-petence.
The ecological and coenotic features of plant communities containing Colchicum bulbocodium subsp. versicolor (Colchicaceae) in the Lower Volga region
Authors:   Saratov State University, Shilova Irina V. , Kashin Alexandr S. ,   Saratov State University, Parkhomenko Alena S. ,   Saratov State University, Bogoslov Artem V. ,   Saratov State University, Kritskaya Tatyana A. ,   Saratov State University, Kasatkin Michail Yu. ,   Saratov State University
Published: April 2023

The article presents a phytocoenotic description of 23 plant communities with Colchicum bulbocodium subsp. versicolor studied during the period of mass flowering in 2014–2018. It was found that, across the Lower Volga region, the studied communities with C. bulbocodium subsp. versicolor are mostly confined to the slopes of south- and east-facing arroyos and more seldom to the southern and northern hill slopes, plains, arroyo and liman bases, and floodmeadows. During the period of mass flowering, 207 vascular plants were detected in the studied communities. Every community description included 9 to 36 species. Biological diversity was assessed with the Shannon index and polydominance index; the degree of dominance was measured with the Simpson index. The species similarity of the communities was evaluated through pairwise comparison with the Jaccard coefficient. It was revealed that C. bulbocodium subsp. versicolor occurs in communities varying in diversity and species composition. The subspecies is not confined to specific phytocoenoses. It usually grows on rich and, more seldom, fairly rich and slightly saline soils. Their alluviality is more often weak rather than moderate. Watering usually corresponds to the dry steppe or semi-desert climate type, rarely to the middle steppe type, being moderately variable and in some cases highly variable. The impact of grazing is usually weak, but it is either moderate or strong in some communities. The communities with C. bulbocodium subsp. versicolor are dominated by hemicryptophytes: mostly tap-root, short-rhizome and long-rhizome herbaceous perennials. In phytocoenotic terms, most species belong to the zonal type of vegetation, namely steppe vegetation. The participation of meadow species is prominent. The share of weed species is rather high, which indicates a significant anthropogenic load on the studied communities.
Free-radical graft copolymerization acrylamide, 2-sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic onto chitosan
Authors:   ACRYPOL Ltd., Saratov State University, Obshitser Arthur S. , Bayburdov Telman A. ,   ACRYPOL Ltd., Saratov State University, Shmakov Sergei L. ,   ACRYPOL Ltd., Saratov State University
Published: April 2023

The method presents obtaining hydrosoluble graft copolymer of complicated structure based on сhitosan, acrylamide (AM), sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic (АМPS-Na) in order to obtain flocсulant which is resistant to salt of transition metals and heat temperature, and in order to use it as a reagent for oil production processes. The obvious advantages of this copolymer can be attributed to its biodegradation due to inclusion of a biopolymer into the composition of the copolymer, which is important for the preservation of ecology, and efficiency of its synthetic analogues. The graft copolymerization acrylamide and sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic onto active sites of chitosan has been performed under condition of high concentration monomers in nitrogen atmosphere using combined initiator system of complex composition under the following order monomers [АА]>[АМПС-Na]. Kinetic study of graft copolymerization has been carried out using thermometry methods. Attempts have been made to describe mathematically the reaction of graft monomers АM and АМPS-Na onto chitosan. The IR spectra analysis of copolymers has been carried out. The study of reaction rate and molecular characteristics of synthesized copolymers has been conducted under changing concentration of chitosan, monomers, ratio components of the initiator system and reaction temperature during synthesis. It has been determined that the averaged energy activation of copolymerization reaction was in the range of reaction temperature 10–25°С. Molecular composition and proposed structure of the grafted copolymers have been determined by the results of viscosity and sedimentation analysis. The results of this study allow to obtain grafted copolymers with specified properties and structure to use them in such areas as sewage and industrial water treatment and mineral industry.
Preparation of new substituted imidazolone derivatives based on 1-(2-oxo-2-phenylethylidene)pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-2-ones
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Skoptsova Anna A. , Novichikhina Nadezhda P. ,   Voronezh State University, Shestakov Alexander S. ,   Voronezh State University, Shikhaliev Khidmet S. ,   Voronezh State University
Published: April 2023

This work demonstrates the possibility of obtaining new biologically active molecules containing a privileged imidazolone fragment by the Brønsted acid-catalyzed reaction of 1,3-dimethylurea with 1-(2-oxo-2-phenylethylidene)pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-2-ones. The presence of an active oxoylidene system in ones makes it possible to introduce these compounds into cyclization reactions with various binucleophilic agents. The choice of such an N,N-binucleophile as 1,3-dimethylurea allowed us to obtain a number of new 1-(oxoimidazolyl)pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin- 2-ones in a process carried out at reflux in acetonitrile and a tenfold excess of 1,3-dimethylurea via p-toluenesulfonic acid catalysis. It has been found that 1-(oxoimidazolyl)pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-2-ones in solution undergo keto-enol tautomerism. This is evidenced by the duplication of characteristic proton signals and the presence of the hydroxyl group proton signal in the region of 4.95 ppm in the 1H NMR spectrum of the obtained compounds. Also, based on the experimental data, we have presented a possible reaction mechanism. It is assumed that the reaction proceeds through consistent intermolecular addition of 1,3-dimethylurea to 1-phenacylidenepyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-2-ones with intramolecular cyclization, followed by elimination of a water molecule.
Gold nanostars as a photoagent under the antimicrobial action of infrared (808 nm) laser radiation
Authors:   Saratov State University, Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Federal Research Center “Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences” (IBPPM RAS), Simonenko Andrey V. , Savelyev Grigoriy K. ,   Saratov State University, Nidal El-Khih Ayya ,   Saratov State University, Khanadeev Vitaly A. ,   Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Federal Research Center “Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences” (IBPPM RAS), Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N. I. Vavilov, Tuchina Elena S. ,   Saratov State University
Published: April 2023

Gold nanostars with an average core diameter of 122,2 nm and a spike length of 114,6 nm were synthesized and characterized at a concentration of 5,36×1010 pcs/ml with an absorption maximum of 840 nm. Gold nanostars were coated with thiolated polyethylene glycol, its amount was about 8×104 molecules per 1 particle and about 4,4×1015 molecules/ml in the colloid. The zeta potential of gold nanostars coated with PEG-SH was −2.3 mV. The combined effect of gold nanostars and low-intensity infrared (808 nm) laser radiation on the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus 209 P and Escherichia coli 113-13 has been studied. Incubation of suspensions of microorganisms in the presence of nanoparticles without access to light did not lead to a significant reduction in the number of bacteria. Irradiation for 30 min of bacterial suspensions containing nanoparticles caused the death of 39% of the S. aureus population and 80% of the E. coli population. During the thermometry of the studied suspensions, it was found that the temperature increase is dose-dependent. The increase in temperature of the control samples that did not contain photothermal agents did not exceed 1 °C in both cases throughout the entire time of the experiment. For suspensions of bacteria (equally S. aureus and E. coli) incubated with gold nanostars during irradiation, an increase in temperature indicators, on average, by 4 °C was revealed. The more pronounced antibacterial activity of the combination of gold nanostars and infrared (808 nm) laser radiation against E. coli can also be explained by the greater sensitivity of gram-negative microorganisms to photothermal exposure.
On the Solutions of Nonlinear Algebraic and Transcendental Equations using Adomian Decomposition Method
Authors: Sobamowo Gbeminiyi Musibau , Siqueira Antonio Marcos de Oliveira
Published: April 2023

This work presents approximate analytical solutions of nonlinear algebraic and transcendental equations through direct applications of Adomian decomposition method. The reliability and efficiency of the method in solving transcendental and nonlinear algebraic equations are demonstrated through different illustrative numerical examples. The method is shown to be conceptually and computationally simple and straightforward without any ambiguity. Also, the method as applied in this study shows that it does not require the development of any other iterative scheme that could be used to find the solution to the nonlinear equations. Additionally, the method does not require finding symbolic or numerical derivatives of any given function. With the use of the Adomian decomposition method, there is no search for an auxiliary parameter for adjusting and controlling the rate and region of convergence of the solution. The method does not require finding the correct fixed point and it is free from the problem of choosing an appropriate initial approximation. Therefore, it is hoped that the present work will assist in providing accurate solutions to many practical problems in science and engineering.
Releer a Uhle. Comentarios y lecturas
Authors: Kaulicke Peter
Published: April 2023

Durante los últimos 100 años, la reputación de Uhle ha sufrido algunos cambios en la óptica de los peruanos. La primera fase de sus trabajos en el Perú (1896 a 1906) se caracteriza por una actividad casi febril, dictada por su dependencia del apoyo económico procedente de los Estados Unidos y de su afán de aprovechar al máximo sus favorables condiciones laborales. Su desventaja consiste en desprenderse casi inmediatamente del material excavado, lo cual naturalmente le prohibe llevar a cabo análisis pormenorizados. En vez de ello tiene que concentrarse en sintetizar al máximo dentro del marco de una metodología establecida.
La Idea del bien como arché en la República de Platón
Authors: Szlezák Thomas Alexander
Published: April 2023

En este caso contamos, sin duda, con ambos puntos. Podemos, por tanto, para evitar cualquier determinación calificativa, designar a la teoría en cuestión como «la teoría del principio expuesta por la figura literaria de Sócrates, sin una pretensión fuerte de verdad y de modo incompleto». Pero ello no cambiará en nada el hecho de que en los libros centrales de la República tenemos que ver con una teoría del principio (singular).
Enterprise management strategies in agricultural fairtrade products
Authors: Mendoza Xavier Lawrence D. , Tadeo Jerico B. , Dacanay Jaypee M. , Marla Arnold Nicholas , Vergara Chiel Aszhnie B.
Published: April 2023

Purpose — One of the fairtrade's major purposes is to raise the socio-economic of small-scale farmers. Numerous studies have found that fairtrade has a beneficial effect on farmers' profitability. Meanwhile, this study focused on the product management strategies of enterprises engaged in fair trade products.Method — The researchers used 50 legally registered enterprises located and operated in the province of Cavite. The significant findings were drawn and analyzed using a descriptive research design.Result — It was discovered that the majority of respondents were sole proprietors with few employees, had been in business for less than three years, and had an average initial capital of Php 3,000,000.00 or less. The product management strategies were very effective, and the majority of the participants used package labeling, fair pricing, and personal branding. Furthermore, the study identified challenges encountered in the implementation of product management strategies, such as poor consumer knowledge about packaging, financial resources that affect product pricing, and consumers' lack of brand exposure.Contribution — The study provides detailed product management practices or strategies among fairtrade products, which will serve as a springboard for status quo analysis and baseline studies to explore and develop pandemic- and post-pandemic-sensitive resilient strategies that will promote the sustainability of fairtrade enterprises.
Lower bound of quantum request complexity of radix sort
Authors: Ziyatdinov Mansur Tagirovich
Published: April 2023

In the classical case, sorting N elements requires O(N log N) pairwise comparisons. So many comparisons required and in the quantum case. But for radix sort use quantum computing allows you to gain an advantage over classical: instead of O(NL) operations to sort N elements from L symbols in the quantum case requires O(N sqrt{L / log N}) operations, which coincides with the well-known upper bound with up to logarithmic factors.
On some properties of finite generating systems of converters of p-ary fractions
Authors: Trifonova Ekaterina Evgen’evna
Published: April 2023

The work is devoted to the study of the expressibility of rational probabilities for transformation by Boolean functions of random variables with distributions from some initial set. We study finite generation probabilities expressed by p-ary fractions for prime p do not less than 5. Proved some properties that must have Boolean functions from a finitely generating set.
On non-repetitive representations of Boolean functions
Authors: Sharankhaev Ivan Konstantinovich
Published: April 2023

Boolean functions that can be implemented are considered non-repetitive formulas in an elementary basis extended by a median. An algorithm for finding non-repetitive representations of Boolean functions is obtained in this basis.
Analysis of combination of solutions of assignment problem with quadratic criteria
Authors: Emelin Maxim Denisovich , Afraimovich Lev Grigorievich
Published: April 2023

We study the problem of combining two admissible solutions three-index axial assignment problem with quadratic criterion. A heuristic algorithm for its solution is given. Described a subclass of the problem on which the algorithm finds an optimum. Provided computational experiment.
On the number of dessins d'enfant with almost regular elliptic passports
Authors: Adrianov Nikolay Mikhailovich
Published: April 2023

The report is devoted to the enumeration of two-colored maps on oriented surfaces with a given passport (degrees of white/black vertices and map edges). For an arbitrary passport, we take the family passports obtained by adding a regular passport of genus 1. Computer calculations show that counting the number of cards with passports from such a family leads to integer sequences for which there are wonderful formulas. Some of these enumerative formulas are proved with respect to not difficult, the rest are still waiting for their proof.
Classification of mental illnesses by dendrograms of EEG of brain and their characteristics
Authors: Anashin Vladimir Sergeevich , Tyapaev Livat Borisovich , Davydov Viktor Veniaminovich
Published: April 2023

The problem of making a correct diagnosis of a patient's disease is always is up to date. In this paper, we consider the problem classification of patients by type of mental illness based on analysis of EEG dendrograms of the brain. Shor O., Glik A., Yaniv-Rosenfeld A., Valevski A., Weizman A., Khrennikov A., Benninger F. proposed a method for analyzing dendrograms constructed from EEG for patients from several groups, previously divided into clusters according to the rendered medical verdict on the basis of p-adic quantum potential. In this study, it was decided to go the other way, and namely, to analyze dendrograms, which can be viewed as prefix codes. Analysis of the calculated parameters of prefix codes revealed the following feature: the average values of the mathematical expectation, entropy and variance for a group of patient dendrograms belonging to one mental cluster are unique. It is worth noting that the proposed method of EEG analysis can be used only as an auxiliary means indicating possible; type of disease. A correct diagnosis, through additional investigations, may put only by a specialist doctor.
Upper bounds of complexity of quantum oracle for problem of finding shortest vector on integer lattice
Authors: Bakharev Alexander Olegovich
Published: April 2023

Due to the development of quantum computing, there is a need for development and analysis of cryptosystems resistant to attacks with using a quantum computer - post-quantum algorithms cryptography. The strength of many well-known post-quantum cryptosystems, based on the theory of lattices, is based on the complexity of solving the problem finding the shortest vector in the lattice (SVP). For the previously proposed models of the quantum oracle used in the hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for solving the SVP problem, new refined estimates of implementation complexity. Designed and analyzed a new quantum oracle model that uses classical memory to storing a list of vectors.
Practical efficiency of methods of generation of random finite quasigroups
Authors: Zhiglyaev Rodion Alekseevich
Published: April 2023

he report will present a comparison of practical effectiveness several methods for generating random finite quasigroups. Namely, consider quasigroups obtained from regular families functions, feedback shift registers, generalized networks Feistel, as well as those generated by the Jacobson Matthews method. The cardinalities of the obtained sets of quasigroups and the average time algorithms for different parameters.
On number of substitutions of vector space over finite field with affine approximations with given accuracy
Authors: Ryabov Vladimir Gennadievich
Published: April 2023

Nonlinear mapping of a vector space over a finite field in vector space over the same field and, in particular, the non-linearity the permutation space is defined in terms of the Hamming distance to sets of affine mappings. For permutations of an n-dimensional vector space over a field of q elements, an upper bound for the number permutations with non-linearity, not higher than a given value r, where 0 ≤ r < qn - qn-1, and for r < (qn - qn-1)/2, the exact the value of the specified number, which allows us to draw conclusions about distribution of nonlinearity on the set of substitutions.
On some results of Al. A. Markov in symbol coding theory
Authors: Smirnova Tatyana Gennadievna
Published: April 2023

The report is dedicated to the memory of the famous Nizhny Novgorod mathematician, Professor Alexander Alexandrovich Markov (1937-1994). In the message a review of the most significant results of Al.A. Markov in the region alphabetic coding.
INVESTIGATION OF SERIAL DEPENDENCE ASYMMETRY AND TIME IRREVERSIBILITY IN STOCK MARKET RETURNS OF MIST COUNTRIES USING THE QUANTILE PERIODOGRAM
Authors: BEKAR Engin
Published: April 2023

The stock market indices of the countries are indicators that provide information about the countries' economies and financial stability. The aim of the study is to determine the similarities and differences in the stock market index return behaviors for Mexico, Indonesia, South Korea and Türkiye, which constitute the MIST country group. For this purpose, the spectral density kernel estimator "Quantile Periodogram" was used. The reason why this estimator is preferred is that it allows the investigation of serial dependence at different quantiles-frequencies and it is robust to outliers frequently encountered in return series, heavy-tailed distribution and changes in the distribution at high moments. The asymmetry of the serial dependence in different quantiles-frequencies and time-irreversibility which gives information about whether the financial series behavior is predictable or not, were analyzed with the quantile periodogram. According to the findings, Türkiye is the most preferred country by financial investors among MIST countries, while Mexico is the least preferred. Secondly, it is seen that the long-term behavior predictability of the returns has increased. This means that returns are more stable in the long run. When the findings are evaluated collectively, it is concluded that MIST countries are attractive for long-term financial investment.
Pregnancy programs epigenetic and transcriptional exhaustion in memory CD8+ T cells
Authors: Chong Anita , Pollard Jared , Hynes Grace , Yin Dengping , Mandal Malay , Gounari Fotini , Alegre Maria-Luisa
Published: April 2023

Alloreactive memory T cells, unlike naive T cells, fail to be restrained by transplantation tolerance protocols or regulatory T cells, and therefore represent a critical barrier to long-term graft acceptance. Using female mice sensitized by rejection of fully-mismatched paternal skin allografts, we show that subsequent semi-allogeneic pregnancy successfully reprograms memory fetus/graft-specific CD8+ T cells (TFGS) towards hypofunction in a manner that is mechanistically distinct from naive TFGS. Post-partum memory TFGS were durably hypofunctional, exhibiting enhanced susceptibility to transplantation tolerance induction. Furthermore, multi-omics studies revealed that pregnancy induced extensive phenotypic and transcriptional modifications in memory TFGS reminiscent of T cell exhaustion. Strikingly, at loci transcriptionally modified in both naive and memory TFGS during pregnancy, chromatin remodeling was observed exclusively in memory and not naive TFGS. These data reveal a novel link between T cell memory and hypofunction via exhaustion circuits and pregnancy-mediated epigenetic imprinting. This conceptual advance has immediate clinical relevance to pregnancy and transplantation tolerance.
Development of a novel angiotensin converting enzyme 2 stimulator with broad implications in SARS-CoV2 infection and type 1 diabetes
Authors: Nomura Haru , Wu Melanie , Song Jiangning , Hung Andrew , Tran Shirley , TA Hang , Akther Fahima , Wu Yuao , Johansen Matt , Chew Keng , Kumar Vinod , Woodruff Trent , Clark Richard , Koehbach Johannes , Lomonte Bruno , Rosado Carlos , Thomas Merlin , Boudes Marion , Reboul Cyril , Rash Lachlan , Gallo Linda , Essid Sumia , Elmlund Dominika , Miemczyk Stefan , Hansbro Nicole , Saunders Bernadette , Britton Warwick , Sly Peter , Yamamoto Ayaho , Fernández Julián , Moyle Peter , Short Kirsty , Hansbro Philip , Kuruppu Sanjaya , Smith Ian , Rajapakse Niwanthi
Published: April 2023

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is protective in cardiovascular disease, lung injury and diabetes yet paradoxically underlies our susceptibility to SARs-CoV2 infection and the fatal heart and lung disease it can induce. Furthermore, diabetic patients have chronic, systemic inflammation and altered ACE2 expression resulting in increased risk of severe COVID-19 and the associated mortality. A drug that could increase ACE2 activity and inhibit cellular uptake of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARs-CoV2), thus decrease infection, would be of high relevance to cardiovascular disease, diabetes and SARs-CoV2 infection. While the need for such a drug lead was highlighted over a decade ago receiving over 600 citations,1 to date, no such drugs are available.2 Here, we report the development of a novel ACE2 stimulator, designated ‘2A’(international PCT filed), which is a 10 amino acid peptide derived from a snake venom, and demonstrate its in vitro and in vivo efficacy against SARs-CoV2 infection and associated lung inflammation. Peptide 2A also provides remarkable protection against glycaemic dysregulation, weight loss and disease severity in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. No untoward effects of 2A were observed in these pre-clinical models suggesting its strong clinical translation potential.
Biomechanical Study of Three Cannulated Screws Configurations for Femur Neck Fracture: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: cui zengzhen , Fan Jixing , Cao Yuan , Fu Yuliang , Lv Yang
Published: April 2023

Background: To improve the performance of cannulated screws (CSs) in the treatment of femoral neck fractures (FNF), a number of new screw configurations have been proposed. However, most of the studies have only analyzed the biomechanical performance of different screw configurations under static conditions. This study aimed to investigate the biomechanical performance of three cannulated screws configurations under different loadings through finite element analysis.
Methods: A computed tomography scan of the proximal femur was performed to make a Three-dimensional (3D) model, and a fracture line was simulated in the femoral neck. The Pauwels I, II, III fracture model was fixed by three inverted triangular parallel cannulated screws (TCS), four non-parallel cannulated screws (FCS) and biplane double-supported screw fixation (BDSF) respectively. The maximum principal strain (MPS) on the proximal femur and the von Mises stress on the screws were compared for different models.
Results: In Pauwels I and II fractures, FCS had the lowest peak MPS on the proximal femur and the BDSF had highest peak MPS value. In Pauwels III fractures, BDSF performance in MPS is improved and better than FCS under partial loading conditions. FCS exhibits the lowest von Mises stress in all load conditions for all fracture types, demonstrating minimal risk of screws breakage.
Conclusions: FCS is an ideal screw configuration for the treatment of FNF. And BDSF has shown potential in the treatment of Pauwels type III FNF.
Histological and biochemical changes in a rat rotator cuff tear model with or without the subacromial bursa
Authors: Miura Yugo , Endo Kentaro , Sekiya Ichiro
Published: April 2023

Background
The subacromial bursa (SAB) plays an important role in the tendon healing process. Based on previous reports, co-culture of the rotator cuff (RC) and SAB have been shown to increase the expression of tendon-related genes and inflammatory cytokines, as well as to improve tensile strength in biomechanical evaluations. However, no studies have reported the nature of the biochemical changes occurring in vivo during tendon repair in the presence or absence of the SAB. In this study, we used a rat model of a full-thickness RC tear to determine how the presence or absence of the SAB alters the histological characteristics and gene expression in vivo in the injured RC.
Methods
The bilateral supraspinatus (SSP) tendons of rats were transected to create a full-thickness RC tear model. The right shoulder SAB was removed, and the left shoulder SAB was preserved. After 3 and 6 weeks, tissues were collected for histological (hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson’s trichrome staining, immunohistochemistry) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) evaluations.
Results
Histological results revealed greater cell density (3 weeks), neovascularization within the repaired tendon (6 weeks), and tendon thickening (6 weeks) with SAB preservation. Immunostaining results revealed significant increases in type 3 collagen (COL3) expression at 6 weeks with SAB preservation. The RT-qPCR results showed that SAB preservation induced statistically significant increases in the expression of scleraxis, matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) at 3 weeks and significant increases in COL3, IL-10, and arginase-1 (Arg-1) at 6 weeks.
Conclusion
An RC tear undergoes more appropriate inflammatory and repair phases during the tendon repair process when the SAB is retained.
An Increasingly Growing Cyst of the Left Liver with Plenty of Small-Sized Nodules of the Cyst Lining Triggered by Chinese Clonorchiasis but Misdiagnosed as An Infectious Cystoadenocarcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: li jiacheng , Jia Zhong , Zhou He-Shan
Published: April 2023

Clonorchis Sinensis (CS), a trematode prevalent in East Asia, likes inhabiting the hepatobiliary tract, especially the left liver once mammal (a definitive host) such as human, cat, dog and pig accidentally eats raw or undercooked fresh water fish/shrimp contaminated by the encysted larval, this coonosis could result in bile stasis favoring bacterial growing. Liver cyst formation due to intrahepatic tract obstruction, and even cholangiocarcinoma transformation. However, liver cyst with plenty of nodules of cyst lining resulting from CS infection is seldom reported, and is easy to be misdiagnosed as cystadenoma or even cystadenocarcinoma especially in a big city without any epidemic parasite. Herein, we describe an unusual case of an infectious liver cyst with multiple nodules mimicking as cystadenocarcinoma. The patient was a 55-year-old man from China who complained of months of anorexia, malaise, and a few days of fever. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen revealed a huge cyst of left liver with plenty of nodules of cyst lining, containing a large amount of fine-tiny, high-dense contents and unclear cyst fluid. An infectious cystadenocarcinoma was surmized in combination with high blood neutrophilia,C-reactive protein (CRP),and high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and high carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level in cyst fluid. Furthermore, no parasitic eggs in stool and left hepatobiliary tract by biopsy and drainage were observed under microscopy prior to surgery. The infectious cyst was well-controlled by 3 weeks of administration of antibiotics and continuative drainage of cyst fluid until the inflammatory markers were back to normal and the cyst volume was no longer reduced, and then left hemihepatectomy with a close cyst was performed. unexpectedly, a final conclusion of CS associated with liver cyst and granunomas of cyst lining was made on postoperative pathology. Therefore, the patient proceeded to standard flukecide therapy (3 days of praziquantel oral intake). Due to large population mobility and eating habit of local resident in developing countries, people might become an infection resource that could be walkable around. Detail-oriented radiological characteristics of CS infection associated cyst formation would be favorable for early identification, in combination with typical symptoms and high CRP and ESR especially when no evidence of CS eggs or adult worm bodies are provided.
Novel predictive scoring system for intravenous immunoglobulin resistance helps timely intervention in Kawasaki disease: the Chinese experience
Authors: Wang Yan , Guo Yanli , Wang Panpan , Wu Yan , Liu Yingying , Pan Yuting , Dong Jinyuan , Fan Zhidan , Yu Haiguo
Published: April 2023

Background: Approximately 10–20% of patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) are non-responsive to intravenous immunoglobulin treatment, placing them at higher risk of developing coronary heart lesions. Early detection of non-responsiveness is crucial to curtail this risk; however, the applicability of existing predictive scoring systems is limited to the Japanese population. Our study aimed to identify a predictive scoring system for intravenous immunoglobulin resistance in KD that is specific to the Chinese population. We aimed to assess the utility of three commonly used risk scoring systems in predicting intravenous immunoglobulin resistance and compare them to the newly developed predictive scoring system.
Methods: A total of 895 patients with KD were enrolled in this retrospective review and divided into two groups: intravenous immunoglobulin responders and non-responders. Clinical and laboratory variables were compared between the two groups. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to construct a new scoring system. The utility of the existing and new scoring systems was assessed and compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.
Results: Albumin levels, percentage of neutrophils, and hemoglobin were independent predictors of resistance by logistic regression analysis. The new predictive scoring system was derived with improved sensitivity (60.5%) and specificity (87.8%). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.818.
Conclusion: This study developed a novel risk scoring system for predicting resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in KD that is specific to the Chinese population. Although this new model requires further validation, it may be useful for improving prognostic outcomes and reducing the risk of complications associated with KD.
Tool geometry and motion design in CNC machining with offset control
Authors: Zhou Shiqian , Zhou Le
Published: April 2023

CNC machining is the main subtractive manufacturing technique. Although it has been used for decades, it is far from perfect and still causes many problems due to complex geometric calculations. Our goal is to achieve high surface quality and to reduce the need for time-consuming finishing processes such as grinding and polishing. Our research is based on a complete geometrical analysis of the machining process and the identification of the curve by a linear-quadratic contact between the tool and the target surface. From a geometrical point of view, we succeeded in establishing a new smooth transition between the results of classical surface coverage theory and the oscillating rings on curved surfaces and the "double" oscillating rings on tangential surfaces. Unlike previous machining methods for curve matching, curve matching on curved surfaces is achieved by solving locally optimal tool position and motion planning by a single optimization.
Increased expression of CD74 in atherosclerosis associated with inflammatory responses of endothelial cells and macrophages
Authors: Ke Kun , Wu Zhengzhong , Lin Junqing , Lin Longwang , Huang Ning , Yang Weizhu
Published: April 2023

Background
To clarify the relationship between CD74 and atherosclerosis (AS) and the mechanisms in oxidized LDL (ox-LDL)-induced endothelial cell and macrophage injury.
Methods
Datasets obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database are integrated. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained using R software. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to screen the target genes. The endothelial cell injury model and macrophage foaming model were established using ox-LDL, and CD74 expression was detected by Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot (WB). Then, after silencing CD74, cell viability and ROS production were measured, and WB detected the expression of p-p38 MAPK and NF-κB.
Results
268 DEGs were associated with AS, of which CD74 was upregulated. The turquoise module containing CD74 in WGCNA was positively associated with AS. In the endothelial cell injury model and macrophage foaming model, cell viability was significantly decreased, and CD74, ROS production, NF-κB, and p-p38MAPK expression were increased (P < 0.05). After silencing CD74, ROS production, NF-κB, and p-p38MAPK expression were decreased, and cell viability increased compared to the model group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
CD74 is upregulated in endothelial cell injury and macrophage foaming models and is involved in AS progression via the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
Identification of secretory factors associated with suppressive tumor microenvironment in esophageal cancer
Authors: Liu Jia , Wang Dong , Zuo Xianglin , Zeng Baozhen , Yin Yin , Zhang Lu , Chai Hao , Shao Lipei
Published: April 2023

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the deadliest solid malignancies and has a poor survival rate worldwide. Suppressive tumor microenvironment is the main cause to promote tumor development, metastasis and poor survival time. Tumor-derived secretory factors could connect tumor tissues and components in the tumor microenvironment to promote tumor progression. Here, in our study, we analyzed multiple individual transcriptome databases and found a group of secretory factors derived from tumor tissues that have correlation with infiltrated immune cells in tumor microenvironment. These secretory factors are differently expressed in esophageal tumor tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Among them, MFAP2 as the most significant gene was positively correlated with a serial of suppressive infiltrated immune cells, higher pathological stage and poorer overall survival time. Furthermore, we got the consistent results when we collected tissue samples from patients with ESCC and detected the expression of MFAP2 by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR methods. Our comprehensive analyses deciphered the prognostic, immunological, and therapeutic value of MFAP2 in esophageal cancer management, thus providing a target for individual and precise therapy for combating esophageal cancer.
BRAF Mutated LCH: Diagnosis and Treatment Challenges - A High-Risk Case Presentation and Discussion.
Authors: George Marlyn Susan , Kasem Rahim Abo , Shehnaz Fathima
Published: April 2023

This case report discusses the challenges in diagnosing and treating Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in a 6-month-old infant. LCH is a rare malignancy affecting only a few children each year, with a diverse range of clinical symptoms making it challenging to diagnose. The report emphasizes the importance of conducting differential diagnosis, genetic testing, and tissue sampling to accurately diagnose and treat LCH. The case study highlights the difficulties encountered during treatment and the significance of personalized treatment plans based on precise diagnosis. The patient responded well to trametinib treatment, underscoring the importance of accurate diagnosis in treating LCH.
A case of Turner syndrome of special chimeric type with papillary thyroid carcinoma and dislocation of hip joint
Authors: Huang Jinxin , Jiang Xiaohong , Wang Long
Published: April 2023

We found a rare clinical manifestation of Turner syndrome: thyroid papillary carcinoma,dislocation of hip joint with diabetes and osteoporosis . The patient had growth retardation, bone density:<-2.5, the chromosome karyotype 46,X,i(X)(q10)[45]/45, X[15], dislocation of both hip joints (congenital), and short femoral neck, and was diagnosed as diabetes .
Effects of different irrigation methods and mulching on yield, growth and water use efficiency of strawberry
Authors: Biswas Benukar , Timsina Jagadish , Mandal Krishna Gopal , Naorem Anandkumar
Published: April 2023

Optimum water supply in the root zone with precision irrigation
water management may play a key role in improving the productivity
and sustainability of strawberry (Fragaria ×
ananassa) in moist tropical sub-humid environments.
Accordingly, a greenhouse experiment was conducted from 2015-16 to
2017-18 on a Aeric Haplaquept to evaluate the effect of
irrigation (surface irrigation at furrows at irrigation water :
cumulative pan evaporation = 1, drip irrigation to meet 100, 80 and
60% of actual crop evapotranspiration demand ), and mulch (nonwoven
jute agro textile, biodegradable plastic film, rice straw, and no
mulch) regimes on strawberry. Average soil water storage in root
zone (86mm) and fraction of potential plant available water (61%)
was highest in jute agrotextile mulched and drip irrigated at 80%
actual evapotranspiration. This combination of mulch and irrigation
regime increased belowground (root length density,
7.15×103 m m-3) and above ground (leaf area
index, 9.4) crop growth and emerged as the best option with three-
and four-times higher yield (31.1 Mg
ha-1) and water use efficiency (23.1 kg
m-3), respectively than surface irrigated unmulched
strawberry. Results suggest that these findings be incorporated
into packages and practices of strawberry cultivation in the moist
tropical sub-humid region of Bengal basin and other similar
agroecological regions of South Asia.
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in assisted reproductive technology versus spontaneous conception: a prediction nomogram-based study
Authors: Yang Jingwei , Gao Jing , Zhou Danni , Luo Qian , Ye Hong , Huang Guoning , Lian Xuemei , Zhang Xiaodong
Published: April 2023

Background
There are a limited number of studies comparing intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and neonatal outcomes in puerperae who spontaneously conceived (SC) and those who conceived via in vitro fertilization (IVF). We aimed to investigate the incidence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) as well as neonatal outcomes between conception via IVF compared with spontaneous conception and screen the risk factors of ICP in IVF.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study included 4,467 puerperae who conceived via IVF, and 28,336 puerperae who conceived spontaneously and linked the information from neonates. Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel (CMH) analysis and a general linear model (GLM) were used to control bias. We compared the related serum-derived indicators and neonatal outcomes of ICP patients with IVF and SC. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, a forest plot, and nomogram were used to assess impact factors and risk prediction.
Results
Logistic analysis adjusted for confounders revealed significant differences in the ICP rate of singleton delivery (4.24% vs. 3.41%, adjusted OR = 1.26 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–1.53], P = 0.025) and in groups with total bile acids(TBA) ≥ 40 and < 100 µmol/L (14.77% vs. 10.39%, aOR = 1.31[95% CI 1.06–1.63], P = 0.023) between IVF and SC. When we divided newborns into singleton and twins delivery, the GLM revealed a higher rate with Apgar score < 7 (13.44% vs. 3.87%; aOR = 3.85 [95% CI: 2.07–7.17], P < 0.001) and fetal distress for IVF in comparison with SC (19.32% vs. 5.55%; OR = 3.48 [95%CI: 2.39–6.95], P < 0.001) in the singleton group. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, body mass index (BMI) (aOR = 1.29, P = 0.031), number of embryo transferred (ET) (single ET vs. double ET: aOR = 2.82, P < 0.001), E2 level on the ET day (aOR = 2.79, P = 0.011), fresh ET which compared with frozen ET (FET) (aOR = 1.45, P = 0.014), embryo stage(cleavage embryo vs. Blastocyst, aOR = 1.75, P = 0.009) and severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) which compared with non-OHSS (aOR = 3.73, P = 0.006) were independent predictors of ICP. And these predictive factors in the logistic regression model were integrated into the nomogram (C-index = 0.735 [95% CI, 0.702–0.764]); for each patient, higher total points indicated a higher risk of ICP.
Conclusion
We observed that the ICP rate of singleton delivery was higher in IVF than in SC. In ICP patients, there were higher rates of neonatal Apgar score < 7 and fetal distress in IVF than SC, and found the predictors of ICP in IVF.