bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arylacetamide deacetylase knockout mice are sensitive to ketoconazole-induced hepatotoxicity and adrenal dysfunction
Authors: Nagaoka Mai , Fukami Tatsuki , Kisui Fumiya , Yamada Takuya , Sakai Yoshiyuki , Tashiro Kiyomichi , Ogiso Takuo , Konishi Keigo , Honda Shiori , Hirosawa Keiya , Nakano Masataka , Nakajima Miki
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose Orally administered ketoconazole rarely induces
liver injury and adrenal dysfunction. In cellulo studies showed
that a metabolite formed by arylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC)-mediated
hydrolysis is relevant to ketoconazole-induced cytotoxicity. This study
tried to examine the significance of AADAC in ketoconazole-induced
toxicity in vivo using Aadac knockout mice. Experimental Approach
Wild-type and Aadac knockout mice orally received 150 or 300
mg/kg/day ketoconazole, and plasma parameters, the concentrations of
ketoconazole and N-deacetylketoconazole in plasma and tissues,
and hepatic mRNA levels of immune- and inflammatory-related factors were
measured. The effects of pretreatment with corticosterone (40 mg/kg,
s.c.) on ketoconazole-induced liver injury were also examined.
Key Results In a study of a single oral administration of 150 mg/kg
ketoconazole, the area under the plasma concentration curve values of
ketoconazole and N-deacetylketoconazole in Aadac knockout
mice were significantly higher and lower than those in wild-type mice,
respectively. With the administration of ketoconazole (300 mg/kg/day)
for 7 days, Aadac knockout mice showed higher mortality (100%)
than wild-type mice (42.9%), with significantly higher plasma alanine
transaminase and lower corticosterone levels, representing liver injury
and adrenal dysfunction, respectively. In Aadac knockout mice,
hepatic mRNA levels of immune- and inflammatory-related factors were
increased by the administration of ketoconazole, and the increase was
restored by the replenishment of corticosterone, which shows
anti-inflammatory effects. Conclusion and Implications Aadac
defects exacerbated ketoconazole-induced liver injury by inhibiting
glucocorticoid synthesis and enhancing the inflammatory response. This
in vivo study revealed that the hydrolysis of ketoconazole by
AADAC can mitigate ketoconazole-induced toxicities.
Estimation accuracy of species abundance based on environmental DNA with relation to its production source and state suggested by meta-analyses
Authors: Jo Toshiaki , Yamanaka Hiroki
Published: July 2021

Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is a promising tool for non-disruptive
and cost-efficient estimation of species abundance. However, its
practical applicability in natural environments is limited owing to a
potential gap between eDNA concentration and species abundance in the
field. Although the importance of accounting for eDNA dynamics, such as
transport and degradation, has been discussed, the influence of eDNA
characteristics, including production source and cellular/molecular
state, on the accuracy of eDNA-based abundance estimation was entirely
overlooked. We conducted meta-analyses using 44 of previous eDNA studies
and investigated the relationships between the accuracy
(R) of eDNA-based abundance estimation and eDNA
characteristics. First, we found that estimated R
values were significantly lower for crustaceans and mussels than fish.
This finding suggests that less frequent eDNA production of these taxa
owing to their external morphology and physiology may impede accurate
estimation of their abundance via eDNA. Moreover, linear mixed
modeling showed that, despite high variances, R
values were positively correlated with filter pore size, indicating that
selective collection of larger-sized eDNA, which is typically fresher,
could improve the estimation accuracy of species abundance. Although our
collected dataset was somewhat biased to the studies targeting specific
taxa, our findings shed a new light on the importance of what
characteristics of eDNA should be targeted for more accurate estimation
of species abundance. Further empirical studies are required to validate
our findings and fully elucidate the relationship between eDNA
characteristics and eDNA-based abundance estimation.
Correlation of hardness of aluminum composites obtained by stir casting technology and the size and weight fraction of reinforcing Al2O3 particles
Authors: Petrovic Jasmina , Mladenovic Srba , Ivanovic Aleksandra , Markovic Ivana , Ivanov Svetlana
Published: July 2021

In this work, the stir casting method was applied to obtain composites based on the alloy AN EW 6061 used as a metal base, and Al2O3 particles as a reinforcement. Composites play a significant role as engineering materials. Therefore, it is necessary to study, in detail, the production methods and the factors that affect their mechanical properties. For this purpose, we have carried out a planned experiment wi ASM International th the aim to use regression analysis to predict the influence of particle size and mass fraction on hardness of the obtained composites. The full factorial experimental design with two factors was used, which was analyzed at three levels. Hardness was observed as a system response, while particle size and mass fraction were set as influencing factors. Influencing factors were observed at three levels: 50, 80 and 110 ?m for the particle size and 2, 5 and 8 mass%. Measured hardness values of the composites ranged from 72 HV10 to 80 HV10. Based on the probability values (p<0.05), it was determined which factors are important for the system response. Statistical analysis has shown that linear terms of the influence factors (size and mass fraction of reinforcement particles) and the square term of the mass fraction have statistical significance on the hardness change. The square term of the particle size and the interaction term of the influencing parameters do not have a statistically significant contribution in predicting the hardness value. Thus, a second-order polynomial model was obtained by the regression analysis. Influence of input factors on the system response and the adequacy of the obtained mathematical model were determined by using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Based on the statistical data analysis, it was established that, the particle mass fraction has a greater influence on hardness of the obtained composite in relation to the particle size. By comparing the experimental and predicted values, a high degree of agreement was achieved so that the chosen model of the factorial experiment was adequate (R2=0.989). It can be also concluded that the developed regression model can be applied to predict hardness of the aluminum composite reinforced by Al2O3 particles in the chosen variation interval of particle size and mass fraction.
Thermal radiation and magnetohydrodynamics flow over a black isothermal plate
Authors: Raptis Andreas
Published: July 2021

We study the effects of the thermal radiation and an induced magnetic field on the flow over a black isothermal plate for an optically thin gray fluid. The flowing medium absorbs and emit radiation, but scattering is not included. Numerical solutions are obtained for different values of radiation parameter, Prandtl number, Grashof number and magnetic Prandtl number.
Hall Effect Sensor for Animal Geomagnetic Navigation
Authors: Sachs Frederick
Published: July 2021

The magnetic compass has been a valuable human navigation tool for hundreds of years. Yet animals are known to align themselves with the earth’s magnetic field without using ferrimagnets.
Moving Ethnography
Authors: Khandekar Aalok , Costelloe-Kuehn Brandon , Poirier Lindsay , Morgan Alli , Kenner Alison , Fortun Kim , Fortun Mike , The PECE Design Team
Published: July 2021

In this article, we describe how our work at a particular nexus of STS, ethnography, and critical theory—informed by experimental sensibilities in both the arts and sciences—transformed as we built and learned to use collaborative workflows and supporting digital infrastructure. Responding to the call of this special issue to be “ethnographic about ethnography,” we describe what we have learned about our own methods and collaborative practices through building digital infrastructure to support them. Supporting and accounting for how experimental ethnographic projects move—through different points in a research workflow, with many switchbacks, with project designs constantly changing as the research develops—was a key challenge. Addressing it depended on understanding creative data practices and analytic workflows, redesigning and building technological infrastructure, and constant attention to collaboration ethics. We refer to this as the need for doubletakes on method. We focus on the development of The Asthma Files, a collaborative ethnography project to understand the cultural dimensions of environmental health, and on the Platform for Experimental Collaborative Ethnography, digital infrastructure first built to support The Asthma Files but now available as a community resource for archiving, analyzing, and publishing ethnographic data and writing. A key finding is that different traditions and practices of ethnography require different infrastructures.
simple technique for unstructured mesh generation via adaptive finite elements
Authors: Gustafsson Tom
Published: July 2021

This work describes a concise algorithm for the generation of triangular meshes with the help of standard adaptive finite element methods. We demonstrate that a generic adaptive finite element solver can be repurposed into a triangular mesh generator if a robust mesh smoothing algorithm is applied between the mesh refinement steps. We present an implementation of the mesh generator and demonstrate the resulting meshes via examples.
Accuracy of Ultrasound in Diagnostics of Odontogenic Infection in Layers of Temporal and
Parotid Masseter Region
Authors: Cherniak Olha , Ripolovska Oksana , Nozhenko Oleksandr , Fesenko Ievgen
Published: July 2021

The current study presents the case of a first well described profound ultrasound (US) soft tissues examination in a 65-year-old female with odontogenic phlegmon of the masticator space. Consecutive preoperative clinical images, sonograms and US cine loops in comparison with asymptomatic side are presented and described. Terminology related with head and neck purulent conditions in the area of temporal and a masseter region is fundamentally analyzed.
Analisis Sistem Pemerintahan di Indonesia, Masih Relevankah Konsep Negara Kesatuan?
Authors: Indriyany Ika Arinia
Published: July 2021

Tulisan ini akan membahas secara mendalam mengenai alternatif bentuk negara di Indonesia. Selama ini bentuk negara Indonesia adalah Negara Kesatuan dan perdebatan mengenai bentuk negara lain yaitu federalisme merupakan perbincangan tabu karena mengancam persatuan bangsa dan negara. Terlepas dari itu, bagaimana pun wacana mengenai federalisme ini pernah beberapa kali muncul dalam sejarah Indonesa, yang berarti wacana ini tidak sepenuhnya merupakan wacana terlarang, hanya saja wacana ini memang di redam pada Masa Orde Baru yang begitu menjunjung tinggi persatuan dan kesatuan. Demi kepentingan akademis dan pencarian alternatif baru yang ideal dalam pengelolaan Indonesia, wacana ini penulis munculkan kembali. Tulisan ini juga bertujuan untuk menambah khasanah mengenai wacana federalisme, sebuah wacana yang dianggap terlarang jika dibicarakan di Indonesia
Birokrasi di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Syafiq Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Indonesia saat ini sedang berupaya untuk menumbuhkan iklim investasi dengan memberikan kemudahan berusaha. Pergerakan yang dilakukan tersebut dalam rangka memenuhi nilai publik untuk menciptakan kecepatan dan kemudahan dalam berusaha di era revolusi industri 4.0. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan 2 (dua) hal yaitu : pertama, mengapa debirokratisasi yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah belum mampu memenuhi nilai birokrasi yang juga merupakan adaptasi nilai publik. Kedua, bagaimana  risk society dari adanya debirokratisasi dan digitalisasi pelayanan perizinan memulai usaha. Studi kasus pada pelayanan perizinan memulai usaha dipilih untuk menggambarkan tujuan tersebut dengan menggunakan analisis literatur dan data sekunder. Hasil pembahasan dalam artikel ini menemukan bahwa arus besar elektronisasi dan pendirian PTSP tidak dibarengi dengan semangat penuh untuk menghilangkan silo mentality serta struktur hirarki yang panjang. Efisiensi dan efektivitas yang merupakan nilai birokrasi tidak dapat dipenuhi. Selain itu, debirokratisasi dan digitalisasi menimbulkan dilema karena ada risiko negatif yang dapat ditimbulkan dari adanya kedua langkah tersebut.
Strategi Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dalam Melaksanaan Gerakan Literasi Digital
Authors: Putri Theresia Marrie Rosari Chrysaninta Wibowo
Published: July 2021

Teknologi informasi dan komunikasi saat ini berkembang cukup pesat. Internet sebagai media baru sangat menguasai ruang gerak kehidupan masyarakat. Kebebasan dalam penggunaan internet dapat memberikan dampak negatif misalnya seperti tingkat hoaks yang semakin banyak, cyber bullying, cyber crime, dan hate speech. Perlu adanya suatu kebijakan bagi publik agar dalam penggunaan internet ini dapat memiliki tanggung jawab moral dan sosial. Tulisan ini membahas tentang strategi yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (Diskominfo DIY) dalam pelaksanaan Gerakan Literasi Digital. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Diskominfo DIY sebagai bentuk salah satu fungsinya yaitu pengelolaan informasi dan komunikasi publik, maka Diskominfo DIY melakukan berbagai bentuk kerja sama dengan stakeholders untuk melaksanakan gerakan tersebut. Hal ini adalah suatu upaya untuk menumbuhkan budaya bijak dan bertanggung jawab dalam menggunakan internet.
Pengaruh Politik Uang Terhadap Partisipasi Pemilih Pemilukada Pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Wajo Tahun 2018
Authors: Hawing Hardianto , Fadillah Besse Nurul , Parawu Hafiz Elfiansya
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Politik Uang dan Partisipasi Pemilih Pemula pada Pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Wajo tahun 2018. Jenis penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data yang diolah hasil penyebaran instrumen berupa kusioner terhadap 98 responden yang menjadi sampel penelitian dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data yang diperoleh, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana secara parsail dan simultan. Hasil penelitian analisis deskriktif menujukkan bahwa variabel politik uang (X) berdasarkan indicator pemberian uang, pemberian barang, pemberian janji/iming-iming masuk dalam kategori cukup berpengaruh dengan rata-rata skor 2,89 dan variabel partisipasi politik (Y)  berdasarkan indikator memberikan suara, menghadiri rapat umum, menjadi anggota suatu partai/ kelompok kepentingan, mengadakan hubungan kontak dengan pemerintah/anggota parlemen masuk dalam kategori cukup berpengaruh dengan rata-rata skor 2,78.  Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi linier sederhana menunjukkkan bahwa variabel politik uang berpengaruh sebesar 53% terhadap partisiapsi politik pada Pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Tahun 2018.
Analisis Pelayanan Publik Berbasis Media Sosial
Authors: Sukarno Mohamad , Winarsih Atik Septi , Wijaya Hacykal Huda , Cahyani Prihantika Septi
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aktivitas pelayanan publik pada Gubernur Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Tengah melalui media sosial twitter. Fokus dalam penelitian ini adalah intensitas akun twitter mengenai pelayanan public dan sekaligus sentiment dari masyarakat. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Analisis data menggunakan software Nvivo 12Plus dari media sosial twitter dengan cara Ncapture dan mengolah di software Nvivo 12Plus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasanya intensitas akun twitter  Gubernur Jawa Tengah pada pelayanan publik tiga bulan tahun 2021 mengalami presentase tertinggi pada bulan Februari yakni 12,44%. Intensitas twitter yang tinggi tersebut menunjukkan bahwasanya melalui Gubernur Jawa Tengah aktif dan intens memberikan informasi dan menerima keluh kesah masyarakat  mengenai pelayananan publik. Selain itu sentimen masyarakat dari aktivitas akun twitter Gubernur Jawa Tengah yakni diakumulasikan sebanyak 16 persen positif dan 28 persen negatif. Sentimen tersebut didasari atas respons masyarakat terkait dengan pelayanan publik di Jawa Tengah pada bulan Januari-Maret 2021.
Politik Uang Dalam Demokrasi Di Indonesia
Authors: Hawing Hardianto , Hartaman Nursaleh
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh politik uang terhadap perilaku memilih pada Pemilukada Enrekang tahun 2018. Teori digunakan adalah teori partisipasi politik, uang kontestasi politik, dan teori perilaku memilih. Metodologi penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif, bentuk survey dan wawancara. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan bentuk: kusioner, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi. Teknik pengambilan sampel digunakan adalah multi stage random sampling. Responden dijadikan sampel sebanyak 276 orang. Praktek politik uang berpengaruh pada pemilih ekonomi lemah juga pada ekonomi kuat. Meskipun terjadi dimana-mana, namun tidak semua masyarakat memilih karena politik uang. Terdapat daerah dimana pemilih tidak terpengaruh oleh faktor tersebut. Pemilih cenderung memilih kandidat berdasarkan faktor sosiologis, psikologis, dan rational choice Meskipun ada kecenderungan faktor politik uang mempengaruhi perilaku memilih. Di beberapa wilayah, politik uang menjadi faktor utama menentukan pilihan. Hasil dari uji pengaruh variabel politik uang terhadap perilaku pemilih sebesar 0,429 dengan nilai signifikansi (sig)=> 0,05 dengan nilai koefisien sebesar 0,261 atau 26,1 persen.
PEMETAAN KONDISI INTERNAL DAN EKSTERNAL UMKM TRANSPORTASI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS SWOT DI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: AROTAMA ARDIAN HIRAMAN , BUDIMAN IRWAN
Published: July 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada perusahaan jasa yang sedang mengalami penurunan jumlah penumpang pada wilayah Medan, Bandara Kualanamu Internasional, Siantar, Parapat, Sibolga, dan daerah Singkil. UMKM  juga mengalami permasalahan  yang diakibatkan beberapa factor yaitu: kekurangan armada, cara memasarkan kepada konsumen kurang, dan keterlambatan penjemputan konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui posisi perusahaan dalam Matriks IFAS dan EFAS serta program kerja prioritas. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis  SWOT adalah metode perencanaan strategis yang digunakan untuk mengevaluasi kekuatan (strengths), kelemahan (weaknesses), peluang (opportunities), dan acaman (threats) dalam suatu proyek atau spekulasi bisnis. Hasil analisis SWOT menunjukkan bahwa perhitungan Matriks IFAS dan EFAS diperoleh hasil IFAS lebih tinggi daripada EFAS dan skor tertinggi terdapat pada Strengths sebesar 2,0667.Kata kunci : Strategi, SWOT Analysis, Balanced Scorecard, QSPM
EKSISTENSI DAN POPULARITAS SUKUK DI INDONESIA : SUKUK IJARAH
Authors: Nasution Akmal Huda , Faisal -
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAKSukuk merupakan salah satu instrumen keuangan yang cukup menarik bagi masyarakat yang ingin berinvestasi pada instrumen keuangan berbasis syariah. Investasi sukuk di Indonesia telah terjamin dasar hukum dan legalitasnya. Sukuk terdiri dari beberapa jenis, sesuai dengan akad yang digunakan. Salah satu jenis akad pada sukuk yang populer dan paling banyak di terbitkan baik negara maupun korporasi ialah sukuk ijarah. Data persentase sukuk ijarah yang beredar dari tahun 2019-2020 akan membuktikan eksistensi dan popularitas sukuk ijarah tersebut. Umumnya sukuk ijarah menjadikan aset properti sebagai underlying asset sehingga menarik minat masyarakat dengan asumsi investasi properti akan cukup menjamin dan menguntungkan. Namun, masyarakat tetap harus selektif dalam memilih produk investasinya. Oleh karena itu, pembahasan terkait sukuk secara umum dan sukuk ijarah secara khusus masih sangat penting. Hal-hal mendasar dari sukuk wajib diketahui oleh calon investor agar proses investasi dapat berjalan lancar dan investor mendapatkan hasil sesuai yang diinginkan.Kata Kunci : Keuangan Syariah, Sukuk, Sukuk Ijarah
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Berbasis Pendekatan Matematika Realistik untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah dan Kemandirian Belajar
Authors:   Program Magister Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Negeri Medan, Hasibuan Ainul Marhamah , Saragih Sahat , Zul Amry Zul
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: 1) validitas perangkat pembelajaran berbasis PMR yang dikembangkan 2) kepraktisan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis PMR yang dikembangkan; 3) efektivitas perangkat pembelajaran berbasis PMR yang dikembangkan; 4) peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis PMR yang dikembangkan; 5) peningkatan kemandirian belajar siswa dengan menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis PMR yang dikembangkan; 6) proses jawaban siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan. Dari hasil uji coba I dan uji coba II diperoleh: 1) perangkat pembelajaran berbasis PMR yang dikembangkan valid dengan rata-rata total validitas RPP = 4,46, buku siswa = 4,41, LAS = 4,31; 2) perangkat pembelajaran berbasis PMR yang dikembangkan praktis ditinjau dari a) penilaian ahli/praktis dapat digunakan dengan sedikit revisi; dan b) keterlaksanaan perangkat yaitu pada uji coba I dengan rata-rata sebesar 85% dan meningkat pada uji coba II sebesar 91,25%. 3) perangkat pembelajaran berbasis PMR yang dikembangkan efektif, ditinjau dari a) ketuntasan belajar siswa secara klasikal pada uji coba I 62% meningkat pada uji coba II telah tercapai 92%.; dan b) respon siswa terhadap komponen-komponen pembelajaran positif; 4) terdapat peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa dengan menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis PMR yang dikembangkan pada uji coba I memperoleh rata-rata nilai posttest 72%, dan meningkat pada uji coba II dengan rata-rata nilai posttest 92%; 5) terdapat peningkatan kemandirian belajar siswa dengan menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis PMR yang dikembangkan pada uji coba I memperoleh nilai rata-rata 65,69 dan meningkat pada uji coba II dengan memperoleh nilai rata-rata 71,37; 6) proses jawaban siswa pada uji coba II lebih baik dari uji coba I.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Berbasis Pembelajaran Penemuan Terbimbing Berbantuan Geogebra Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa SMA
Authors:   Program Magister Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Negeri Medan, Sitepu Rina Ananta S , Siagian Pargaulan , Rangkuti Yulita Moliq
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) menganalisis validitas perangkat pembelajaran berbasis pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing berbantuan GeoGebra yang telah dikembangkan, (2) menganalisis kepraktisan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing berbantuan GeoGebra yang telah dikembangkan; (3) menganalisis keefektifan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing berbantuan GeoGebra yang telah dikembangkan; dan (4) menganalisis peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa setelah menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing berbantuan GeoGebra yang telah dikembangkan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (research and development), dengan menngunakan model pengembangan Dick and Carrey, yang meliputi 10 langkah, yaitu: (1) identifikasi tujuan instruksional, (2) melakukan analisis instruksional, (3) identifikasi tingkah laku, (4) menuliskan tujuan pembelajaran, (5) mengembangkan strategi instruksional, (6) mengembangkan dan memilih bahan pembelajaran, (7) mengembangkan instrumen penilaian, (8) merancang dan melaksanakan evaluasi fomatif, (9) revisi instruksiona, and (10) mengebangkan dan melakukan evaluasi sumatif. Namun dalam penelitian ini hanya akan dilakukan sampai langkah revisi instruksional. Produk yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini adalah buku guru, buku siswa, lembar kegiatan siswa, rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP), dan instrumen tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X-IPA dan X-IPS SMA Palapa Binjai. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria kevalidan dengan kriteria “Valid”; (2) perangkat pembelajarn memenuhi kriteria kepraktisan berdasarkan hasil observasi terhahadap keterlaksanaan perangkt pembelajaran dan hasil angket respon siswa dan guru; (3) perangkat pembelajaran memenuhi kriteria keefektifan berdasarkan hasil tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis, hasil pengamatan kemampuan guru dalam mengelola pembelajaran, dan pencapaian presentase waktu ideal; dan (4) Kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa mengalami peningkatan dilihat dari peningkatan rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis, peningkatan presentase ketercapaian klasikal, dan peningkatan rata-rata setiap indikator kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH SISWA MTs PAB-1 HELVETIA
Authors:   Program Magister Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Negeri Medan, Fadhlan Khair Abdul Rasyid , Nasution Hamidah , Asmin Asmin
Published: July 2021

Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Matematika Menggunakan Model Teams Games Tournament untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Dan Self-Efficacy Siswa MTs PAB-1 Helvetia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa MTs PAB-1 Helvetia melalui model team games tournament, mendeskripsikan keefektifan pembelajaran matematika untuk topik bangun datar di kelas VII MTs PAB-1 Helvetia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa MTs PAB-1 Helvetia. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara random dengan mengacak kelas. Siswa kelas VII (1) sebagai kelas eksperimen yang diberi perlakuan model team games tournament dan siswa kelas VII (5) sebagai kelas kontrol yang diberi perlakuan pembelajaran biasa. Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri dari: tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah, angket self-efficacy, aktivitas siswa, proses jawaban siswa.Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji t dan anava dua jalur.Hasil utama dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika yang memperoleh model team games tournament lebih tinggi dibandingkan siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran biasa, (2) Peningkatan self-efficacy siswa yang memperoleh model team games tournament lebih tinggi dibandingkan siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran biasa, (3) Terdapat interaksi antara pembelajaran dengan kemampuan awal siswa terhadap peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah, dan (4) Terdapat interaksi antara pembelajaran dengan kemampuan awal terhadap peningkatan self-efficacy siswa, (5) proses pembelajaran siswa selama pembelajaran TGT berlangsung lebih baik dan (6) Bentuk jawaban siswa lebih bervariasi dan lebih baik selama pembelajaran TGT dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran biasa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, maka peneliti menyarankan agar pembelajaran matematika model TGT pada pembelajaran matematika dapat dijadikan alternatif bagi guru matematika untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematik dan kecerdasan emosional siswa sebagai salah satu alternatif untuk menerapkan pembelajaran matematika yang inovatif.
Facilis descensus averno: WTO dispute settlement and trade-wars - is the WTO heading where it should?
Authors: Botond-Zoltan Petres
Published: July 2021

Trading is arguably the most important element of our modern society, and its importance in the globalized world is second to none. International commerce nowadays involves more complex supply chains, more sophisticated financial operations and more economic agents. However, states do remain influential factors in that ecosystem, and together they create the framework of international trade. That framework is closely supervised and controlled by none other, than the World Trade Organization. Although, the creation of the WTO did not guarantee, that there would be no tensions between trading nations. Trade wars cause no surprise for an economist or lawyer assessing international trade. But did the most appropriate organization handle these trade wars right? In this article we will succinctly analyse the current framework, and will try to answer whether the Dispute Settlement Mechanism (hereinafter “DSM”) is compatible with all the cases. There is no room for error: if there are certain cases where the DSM only aggravates the problem, then these cases have to be identified and have to be handled with special attention. We are familiar with the disruptive effects of a trade war; hence we are challenged to do our utmost to prevent them – and to rethink what, according to John H. Jackson, has to be a rule-based system.
Pengering Tenaga Surya dengan Sistem Bekap Tenaga Biomassa untuk Pengeringan Hasil Pertanian
Authors: Tarigan Elieser
Published: July 2021

Tulisan ini memaparkan sistem pengering tenaga surya yang dibekap dengan panas dari pembakaran biomassa. Alat ini digunakan untuk pengeringan hasil pertanian. Alat pengering tersebut telah dibangun, dan performansinya diuji dan dievaluasi. Dari hasil experiment diketahui bahwa pengering tenaga surya tersebut sangat efektif untuk mengeringkan berbagai jenis hasil pertanian seperti cabe rawit, kemiri, kacang kedelai, kacang hijau, dan kopi dimana temperatur pengeringan berkisar 40 – 65oC. Pengering tenaga surya diharapkan dapat dikembangkan dan dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan kuantitas dan kulaitas produk pertanian gabi para petani.
MANIPULATIVE LEARNING MEDIA BASED ON STEM (SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS) TO IMPROVE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Sulistyawati Eka , Puspitasari Diana , Saidah Zulinda Nur , Rofiqoh Iffatur
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to develop manipulative learning media based on STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) called Magic Hours on Clock and Corner material. Research and development model used by using the procedure of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE). The population of this study was all 4th grade students from elementary school in Kediri. Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic situation and study from home policy, manipulative media was tested on 13 fourth grade elementary school students in Kediri who came from the same village to reduce students' mobility from one place to another. Data collection techniques are collecting through expert validation, teacher questionnaires, student questionnaires, test, observation, and interviews. The instruments are test (description questions) and non-test instruments (material validation sheets, design validation sheets, practicality assessment sheets, questionnaire validation sheet, and questionnaires). The result shows that the learning media are valid, practical, and effective. Learning media have feasible criteria with an assessment score of 88.46% from media experts and 86.67% from material experts. In the practicality test, learning media obtained a percentage of 86.67% with practical criteria. The result of a one-sample t-test on student test scores indicates that the average mathematics score test is significantly more than Minimum Completeness Criteria.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF USING QUIZIZZ AND G-FORM DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC BASED ON STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE
Authors: Santoso Hajar Ahmad , Istiqomah Nisa Rachmi
Published: July 2021

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Quizizz and G-Form media based on students' attitudes in learning mathematics. This study used an experimental method with a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique and Tukey's test. The population is SMAN 3 Sidoarjo grade XI aged 15-17 years as many as 130 students, while the sample is 64 students. Data collection was carried out using test and questionnaire techniques. The results showed that: (a) the mathematics learning outcomes of students who used the G-Form media were higher than those taught using the Quizizz media, (b) there is an interaction between learning media and learning attitudes towards students' mathematics learning outcomes, (c) for students who have positive learning attitudes, there is no significant difference in mathematics learning outcomes of students using G-Form and Quizizz media, and (d) for students who have negative learning attitudes, there are differences in the mathematics learning outcomes of students taught by the G-Form and Quizizz media. We suggest exploring deeper into this media using material that is more authentic to students.
DIGITAL LITERACY IN USING GEOGEBRA LEARNING MEDIA IN TERMS OF SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING
Authors: Hasyim Maylita , Kurniawati Henny Fathul
Published: July 2021

Digital literacy is important to improve the quality of education, especially in mathematics learning which can develop and engage students in exploring the efficient digital world for learning mathematics. The purpose of this study is to analyze the digital literacy of grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Karangrejo in using GeoGebra learning media in terms of self-directed learning. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The subjects of this study consisted of six students, and the instruments used were lesson plans, self-directed learning questionnaires, student response questionnaires, and interview guidelines. The result of this research shows that digital literacy with students who have high level for self-directed learning are able to fulfill all of indicators for digital literacy including being able to understand instructions for use and how to use the GeoGebra application, explain the information in the GeoGebra application, do the exercises correctly, participate in exchanging ideas with friends and develop their creativity into a new work in the GeoGebra application, students with moderate self-directed learning are only able to meet five digital literacy indicators including being able to understand instructions for use and explain the information in the GeoGebra application, do the exercises correctly, participate in brainstorming with friends and try to develop their creativity into a new work on the GeoGebra application, and students with low self-directed learning are only able to meet two digital literacy indicators including able to understand the instructions for use and be able to do practice questions correctly.
ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICAL LITERACY SKILL IN SOLVING PISA MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS
Authors: Lestari Yusfa , As’ari Abdur Rahman , Muksar Makbul
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine students’ mathematical literacy skills in solving PISA mathematical problems. Mathematical literacy is the capacity of individuals to formulate, use, and interpret mathematics in various contexts. Students’ mathematical literacy skills can be seen in the way students work in solving PISA questions. This study is qualitative descriptive research. Data from the analysis of students’ mathematical literacy skills were obtained through tests in the form of descriptive questions adopted from PISA questions, analysis based on indicators of mathematical literacy skill according to PISA, and the interview results with students who worked on the PISA questions. This study shows that students’ mathematical literacy skills were in the medium to the low category; this can be seen from the percentage of students’ answer scores in working on PISA questions. Therefore, it is necessary to provide reasoning questions such as PISA questions to help students improve their mathematical literacy skills.
DEVELOPING PISA-LIKE PROBLEMS TO ASSESS STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICAL COMMUNICATION AND PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITIES
Authors: Marwanda T. , Yusrizal Yusrizal , Johar Rahmah
Published: July 2021

This research aims to produce PISA-like problems that are valid, practical, and effective for assessing students' mathematical communication and problem solving abilities. This research type is formative evaluation development by Tessmer, including expert review, one-to-one, small group, and field test. The subject of this research is 60 students of Year 9 at SMP Negeri 19 Percontohan Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The results of this study yielded 15 PISA-like problems that are 1) valid because experts state that the set of questions developed is based on a strong theoretical basis, almost all problems have valid criteria, and the set of problems has high reliability; 2) practical because teachers agree that the problems can assess students' mathematical communication and problem solving abilities; 3) effective because mathematical communication and problem solving abilities of students meet PISA levels and students give positive responses to PISA-like problems. The implication of this research is that mathematics teachers can use this problem to familiarize students in answering PISA-like problems, primarily to assess mathematical communication and problem solving abilities.
Magnetism: Insights from the Thomas Young Experiment
Authors: Khumalo Bhekuzulu
Published: July 2021

The principles of Thomas Young’s double slit experiment are used to find out further the nature of magnetism. This paper shows that not only can magnetism be defined as a wave but it allows us to understand the nature of all waves and concept of polarization in quantum mechanics. A wave pattern results from the interactions. It is something else before it organizes into a wave formation. In all, because of the nature of magnetic phenomenon, it must be studied at close range with the double slit experiment.  This gives an incredibly unique insight. All data  is available at figshare.com to share.
Avointa ja modulaarista: Koha saapui tieteellisiin kirjastoihin
Authors: Ahlqvist Ari , Keskitalo Esa-Pekka , Luokkanen Sinikka , Muhonen Ari
Published: July 2021

Kun päätös Koha-kirjastojärjestelmän valinnasta syntyi, tärkeä valintakriteeri oli se, että avoimen lähdekoodin ohjelmiston nähtiin soveltuvan parhaiten modulaariseen järjestelmäkehitykseen. Koha-kirjastot katsoivat, että kirjastot ja kirjastoteknologia ovat kypsiä aidosti modulaarisen teknisen ympäristön rakentamiseen. Koha-järjestelmän käyttöönottoa korkeakouluissa auttoi yleisissä kirjastoissa aiemmin tehty työ. Tiivis yhteistyö ja yhdessä tekeminen on kehittämisen avain jatkossakin, niin kansallisesti kuin kansainvälisesti. Tulevaisuuden suuria kehityskohteita ovat e-aineistojen hallintaan (ERM) ja kuvailuun liittyvät ratkaisut.
PERAN PENYULUH PERTANIAN TERHADAP HASIL PRODUKSI PADI SAWAH DI DESA CIBUNIASIH KECAMATAN PANCATENGAH KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Ariana Soni , Sundari Ristina Siti , Umbara Dona Setia
Published: July 2021

Extension is a non-formal learning process to provide knowledge, training, technology, capital, and change the behavior of farmers to be more independent in making decisions. The role of the extension agent in extension activities is as a guide, organizer, technician and consultant to help farmers develop farming and increase production. This study aims to determine the effect of the role of agricultural extension workers on the production of lowland rice in Cibuniasih Village. The research method used is a survey and interviews with 68 respondents, namely rice farmers in Buniasih Village, then analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that the role of agricultural instructors had a significant effect of 66.6% on rice production in Cibuniasih Village. The role of agricultural instructors as supervisors and consultants has a significant influence on the results of lowland rice production, meaning that the performance of extension workers in mentoring and consulting activities with farmers is going well. However, the role of agricultural extension workers as organizers and technicians has not had a significant effect on rice production, because the introduction of technology is still not appropriate and the needs of farmers have not been met properly.
Using E-Portfolios for Meaningful Teaching and Learning in Distance Education in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Modise Mpho-Entle Puleng , Mudau Patience Kelebogile
Published: July 2021

Web-based technology has proven itself indispensable in education, especially in distance education and in developing countries. Technological advances and the Covid-19 pandemic have forced higher education institutions to be innovative in delivering education in their countries. This paper seeks to demonstrate the role and value of e-portfolios as an alternative teaching and learning tool in distance education and the online environment, especially in developing countries. A systematic review of peer-reviewed academic studies of e-portfolios between 2010 and 2020 was conducted. A total of 18 papers were selected according to the inclusion criteria. The review shows that the use of e-portfolios is still a relatively new trend in developing countries. The study also revealed that e-portfolios can infuse important skills such as self-directed learning, critical thinking and lifelong learning. These results have the potential to help institutions to creatively design appropriate support tools and strategies alongside the implementation of e-portfolios in their contexts.
Violation of the Jordanian Personal Status Law No. 15 of 2019 of the opinion of the Hanafis in the ruling on forced divorce, pursuant to Sharia policy
Authors:   University of Jordan, Jordan, Alawaisheh Ahmad Youseef Tumah , Alrefai Dr. Rudina Ibraheem ,   University of Jordan, Jordan
Published: July 2021

Families in general are subjected to many external influences and pressures especially the husband, who is usually under threats and compulsion, to forcibly divorce his wife. This divorce might occur for the sake of greed of her money, beauty, or settle down some personal issues through inflicting punishment or peeve her husband. The present study aims at defining forced divorce and clarify the scholars’ opinions of forced divorce along with clarifying the most likely opinion and the opinion adopted by the Jordanian Personal Status Law No. 15 of 2019 by answering the following question: What is the reason for the law changing the opinion of Imam Abu Hanifa to the opinion of most jurists on the issue of forced divorce, and what is the interest achieved by This turn off? What is the role of legitimate politics in that? To answer this question, the researcher used the comparative analytical method as the main research design. The study concluded that forced divorce does not occur, which is the opinion held by the public, due to its consistency with the spirit and purposes of Islamic law. This opinion is also consistent with the legitimate interest and policy, which is what the Jordanian law adopted in contravention of the opinion of Imam Abu Hanifa to the opinion of the public as it achieves the general interests and legitimate policy.
Study of microplastic pollution in the seas of the Russian Arctic and the Far East
Authors:   Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Ershova A.A. , Eremina T.R. ,   Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Dunayev A.L. ,   Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Makeeva I.N. ,   Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Tatarenko Y.A. ,   Russian State Hydrometeorological University
Published: July 2021

The pollution of the seas in the Russian Arctic zone with micro-plastic particles is poorly studied in comparison with other areas of the World Ocean. The rapidly developing economic activity in the Arctic region threats to pollute the marine environment with plastic wastes. Arctic marine ecosystems are particularly vulnerable due to changes occurring in them under climate warming, as well as a large number of filter-feeder species in some coastal areas. The lack of observation data on the level of micro-plastic pollution in the region and methodological support for sampling requires the development of methods and approaches using the existing international experience. The paper presents preliminary results of the study carried out within the framework of the 4th stage of the TRANSARCTICA-2019 program in the Far Eastern and Arctic seas from Vladivostok to Murmansk. The authors present the analysis of existing approaches to sampling in seawaters and the possibility of their application in Russian expeditionary conditions. They describe in detail their method of sampling from a subsurface level (4—5 m) showing the advantage of using the proposed method for sampling when the vessel is moving and under adverse weather conditions. The studied quantitative and qualitative composition of the detected micro-plastic particles show that the East Siberian and Laptev seas have the lowest concentrations of micro-plastics. The largest amount of micro-plastic particles is found in the areas of intensive shipping in the Sea of Okhotsk and the Barents Sea. Comparison with existing international studies shows that the sampling method for micro-plastics strongly depends on the type of water body, its biological productivity, the level of pollution, as well as the technical capabilities of field research. All this indicates the need for intercalibration of sampling methods and further research for a more accurate quantitative and qualitative assessment of the micro-plastic pollution in the Arctic seas.
Operational forecasting system for Arctic Ocean using the Russian marine circulation model INMOM-Arctic
Authors:   N. N. Zubov’s State Oceanographic Institute, Fomin V.V. , Panasenkova I.I. ,   N. N. Zubov’s State Oceanographic Institute, Gusev A.V. ,   Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics of RAS, Chaplygin A.V. ,   Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics of RAS, Diansky N.A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: July 2021

A regional σ-model INMOM-Arctic has been prepared on the basis of the Russian ocean general circulation model INMOM (Institute of Numerical Mathematics Ocean Model) to reproduce the current state and short-term forecast of the Arctic Ocean (AO) hydrothermodynamics. The model is implemented in a rotated spherical coordinate system with the poles located at 60°E and 120° W on the geographic equator, which makes it possible to use a quasi-uniform resolution of ~ 3,7 km in the Arctic Basin. Data on temperature, salinity, horizontal velocity components and sea level taken from the CMEMS ocean products are used at the AO open boundaries. To take into account the tidal effect in the INMOM-Arctic model at open boundaries, the time series of the tidal sea level is set based on the data of the TPXO 9 atlas (TOPEX/Poseidon Global Tidal Model) with a spatial resolution of 1/30°. To calculate the atmospheric impact, the researches use the atmospheric circulation data from the Era 5 global reanalysis with a spatial resolution of 0,25×0,25° and with a temporal resolution of 1 hour.
Metalliferous conglomerates — potential sources of placers in the Arctic zone of Russia
Authors:   Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of RAS, Volkov A.V. , Galyamov A.L. ,   Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of RAS, Lalomov A.V. ,   Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of RAS, Lobanov K.V. ,   Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of RAS, Murashov K.Y. ,   Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of RAS
Published: July 2021

Using the example of four large regions of the Arctic zone of Russia, the authors show the wide development of potentially metalliferous conglomerates of various ages, composition, stratigraphic and structural positions. Information on the metal content of the Precambrian conglomerates of the Kola Peninsula and the Anabar Shield is extremely limited. The metal content of the Precambrian conglomerates is well studied only in the Vetreny Belt in the Arkhangelsk Region. The revealed geochemical features reflect the lithological and mineral composition of the conglomerates. Small and medium-scale industrial placers of gold and platinum, other strategic minerals and their placers mark the areas of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic conglomerates within the Taimyr-Severozemelskaya Province and in the Pekulney-Zolotogorsky district of Eastern Chukotka. The authors indicate the prospects for the development of the mineral resource base of placer deposits.