bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Leçon d’histoire de l’art. L’image à l’ère de sa projection lumineuse
Authors: Recht Roland
Published: May 2021

Le développement de l’historiographie de l’art, durant le XIXe siècle, a été grandement favorisé par l’invention de la photographie. Peu à peu, les chefs-d’œuvre de la peinture, de la sculpture et de l’architecture ont fait l’objet de campagnes photographiques au sein des grandes collections publiques et sur les sites monumentaux. L’enseignement de l’histoire de l’art a profité de cette documentation grâce aux projections lumineuses qui, à partir des années 1890, l’accompagnent d’abord en Allemagne, puis dans les autres pays européens, modifiant les comportements de l’orateur et du public, et redéfinissant certaines orientations de la discipline.

Roland Recht consacre sa leçon de clôture aux projections lumineuses utilisées depuis plus d’un siècle dans tous les enseignements d’art ou d’archéologie. Cette leçon est augmentée d’un texte écrit en 2020, dans lequel l’auteur retrace son parcours de chercheur à la curiosité insatiable.
Pull Production Systems
Authors: Satolo Eduardo Guilherme , dos Reis Milena Estanislau Diniz Mansur , Calado Robisom Damasceno
Published: May 2021

This chapter aims to organize knowledge about pull production systems by presenting the underlying concepts of lean manufacturing as for its origin, principles, and relations with PPC. Pull production is one the fundamental principles of lean manufacturing, and its implementation can bring positive impacts. For such a purpose, sequential and mixed supermarket pull systems stand out in which the integration between pull production systems and PPC and its various levels is a main subject of discussion. The JIT model or Kanban method and hybrid systems, such as conwip and lung-drum-string theory, are mechanisms for managing pull production systems. Finally, a pull production system implementation is presented for illustration purposes. At the end of this chapter, it is expected that skills are developed by readers, which are going to assist them in using the tools presented to model production systems and aid decision-making processes.
The Influence of Thermocyclic Treatment on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Pseudo-Alpha Titanium Alloys for Steam Turbine Blades
Authors: Gadalov Vladimir , Vornacheva Irina , Voinash Sergey , Ignatenko Vitaly , Remshev Evgeny
Published: May 2021

The influence of thermal cycling treatment of pseudo-α-titanium alloys OT4 and VT20 on their structural and substructural characteristics, as well as their mechanical properties is considered. A significant change in structural characteristics is established. This contributes to an increase in the strength properties of alloys with satisfactory ductility and high-temperature strength.
Obtaining the Dependences of the Contact of the Composite Abrasive Material with the Nozzle Walls, which Reduces the Wear of the Focusing Tube of the Waterjet Installation
Authors: Kozhus Olga G. , Barsukov Gennady V. , Shorkin Vladimir , Stepanov Yury
Published: May 2021

To solve the problem of obtaining an effective composite abrasive material that allows preserving the focusing tube and increasing the cutting capabilities of the water jet, the authors obtained theoretical dependences that establish the relationship between the strength of the abrasive-polymer compound and its production modes
Fiberglass: Lateral Loads from Climatic and Temporary Factors
Authors: Zlobina Irina V.
Published: May 2021

The influence of modification of fiberglass in the cured state in the microwave electromagnetic field on the value of the limit stresses is significantly manifested when testing samples in the initial state. The increase in limit voltages is on average 7%. Tests of modified samples after exposure in full-scale conditions showed a decrease in the effect with an increase in the exposure time from 6% for exposure of 3 months to 3% for exposure of 8 months. This significantly increases the uniformity of the bending strength values in the batch, which is manifested in a decrease in the coefficient of variation of limit stresses relative to the control samples by 33%. Functional dependencies in the form of 2nd-order polynomials are obtained, which allow predicting the stability of products made of modified fiberglass for long-term operation under the influence of environmental factors with a confidence of up to 98%.
Evidence-based nursing intervention to reduce skin integrity impairment in children with diaper dermatitis: A systematic review
Authors: Novitasari Prihatini Dini , Wanda Dessie
Published: May 2021

Diaper dermatitis often occurs in children. In Indonesia, the guidelines for managing this health problem are issued by each hospital in Indonesia, but there are no guidelines for formal prevention and management released by the Indonesian Health Ministry. This study aimed to propose the Air, Barrier, Cleansing, Diapering, Education (ABCDE) approach as an evidence-based independent nursing intervention to prevent and treat impaired skin integrity, particularly diaper dermatitis, in children by nurses. This systematic review was derived from multiple databases using the following keywords: “child,” “diaper dermatitis,” “diaper-free time,” “air,” "barrier,” “cleansing,” “diaper,” and “education.” From these keywords, 393 articles were collected and then filtered using inclusion and exclusion criteria to obtain the final articles to be analyzed. Thirty-one articles passed the criteria. The study found that the ABCDE approach was effective in preventing and treating diaper dermatitis in children. Its indicators of the approach were preventing or decreasing inflammation, repairing damage to the skin, and preventing reoccurrence. Based on the review and analysis of multiple aspects in Indonesia, the authors proposed a modification of the sequence to CBAD-E to implement the approach in Indonesian children. The intervention of the ABCDE approach matches Indonesian children’s situation, and therefore it can be implemented in Indonesia. Accordingly, this recommendation may be useful and feasible to be implemented by nurses in preventing and treating diaper dermatitis in children, thus decreasing its prevalence.
Factors that impact the accuracy with which nurses place preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome in the prone position
Authors: Fitri Nur , Efendi Defi
Published: May 2021

Prone positioning is an important treatment procedure for preterm infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS). However, the accuracy with which preterm infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) are placed in the prone position is impacted by several factors. The current study aimed to identify these factors. One hundred and twenty-eight nurses were included in this cross-sectional study. Direct observations of the research subjects were used to collect the research data. The participants completed a research questionnaire that included their demographic data and three others to obtain information on their clinical experience, knowledge of positioning, caring behaviors, and efficacy. Independent factors likely to affect preterm infant positioning were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression. The alpha level was set at 5%. Knowledge (p=0.002) and caring behavior (p=0.009) significantly influenced the accuracy with which nurses placed preterm infants with RDS in the prone position. Nursing efficacy, infant’s bodyweight, gestational age, the institution, and DNR decisions did not significantly impact accuracy. NICU nursing staff require interventions to increase their knowledge of the accurate positioning of preterm infants with RDS.
Emergency Geomatics Service activation for Turtle Mountain, Alberta InSAR monitoring
Authors: Lehrbass B , Samsonov S , Dudley J , Svacina N , Drouin H , Decker V , Tolszczuk-Leclerc S
Published: May 2021

The Frank Slide in 1903 caused the deaths of more than 70 people, and there remains a risk of a second rock avalanche. Since then, many different methods have been used to monitor the slope for signs of movement. On April 8, 2020, the Alberta Energy Regulator
(AER) contacted the Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation (CCMEO) with a request for emergency assistance to monitor Turtle Mountain for deformation using interferometric synthetic aperture radar following the hardware failure of their ground-based monitoring system. This report describes
at a high level the communication, planning, setup, operation, and reporting for this emergency request. Each deformation monitoring program presents a unique challenge, but this methodology can be broadly adapted to similar InSAR monitoring requests in the future. The purpose of this report is to
provide a record of the services provided to help guide future geohazards monitoring requests, which may become more frequent with increased landslide risk due to climate change and greater satellite data availability.
Between April 8 and June 30, 2020, 40 images were collected by RADARSAT-2 and RADARSAT Constellation Mission satellites over Turtle Mountain. These images were processed quickly after acquisition and no significant deformation was observed during the monitoring period. Historical deformation of up
to 5 cm in the line-of-sight was observed between 2014 and 2020.
Assessment of Pulmonary Arterial Hemodynamic and Vascular Changes by Pulmonary Pulse Transit Time in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Authors: Erdol Mehmet Akif , Acar Burak , Ertem Ahmet Goktug , Karanfil Mustafa , Yayla Çağrı , Demırtas Koray , Aladağ Pelin , Sönmezer Meliha Çağla , Kiliç Esra Kaya , Hatipoğlu Çiğdem Ataman , Erdinc Fatma Sebnem , Tulek Necla , Akcay Adnan Burak
Published: May 2021

Introduction:

Pulmonary arterial hypertension and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a well-known association. Pulmonary pulse transit time (pPTT) is a recent echocardiographic marker that might be used for evaluation of pulmonary arterial stiffness (PAS) in patients with HIV infection. We aimed to investigate whether pPTT elevated in patients with HIV infection compared to healthy controls and its association with echocardiographic indices of right ventricular functions.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty HIV (+) patients from infectious disease outpatient clinics and fifty age- and sex-matched HIV (−) healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. pPTT was measured from pulmonary vein flow velocity as the time interval between the R-wave in the electrocardiography and corresponding peak late systolic was then calculated as the mean from two separate pw-Doppler measurements.

Results:

pPTT, tricuspid annular peak systolic excursion (TAPSE) and right ventricle fractional area change (FAC) were significantly lower in patients with HIV than control patients (177.1 ± 34.9 vs. 215.7 ± 35.7 msn, P < 0.001; 2.33 ± 0.28 vs. 2.19 ± 0.22, P = 0.039; 45 [4.25] vs. 41.1 [4.0], P = 0.032, respectively). pPTT was positively correlated with FAC, TAPSE and cluster of differentiation 4 count (r = 0.210; P = 0.036, r = 0.256; P = 0.041, r = 0.304; P = 0.044, respectively).

Conclusion:

Our study showed that pPTT, TAPSE, and right ventricle FAC levels were lower in patients with HIV infection. pPTT is an important predictor in patients with HIV expected to develop pulmonary vascular pathology.
Transthoracic Echocardiographic Diagnostic Accuracy in Detecting "Type-B" Aortic Dissection
Authors: Parato Vito Maurizio , Notaristefani Camilla , Gizzi Germana , D'Agostino Simone
Published: May 2021

We present a case of a 91-year-old man presenting to the emergency department with a tearing back pain. The patient's history included an endovascular abdominal aortic repair because of an aneurysm. The transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) appeared normal; however, when transducer was positioned to the left of the spine for the posterior paraspinal window, a clear intimal flap was demonstrated in the descending aorta lumen. The multiphasic computed tomography of the aorta confirmed the diagnosis of Stanford Type-B aortic dissection. The patient underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair, consisting of a descending aorta endoluminal graft placement and realizing a full metal jacket thoracic-abdominal aorta. At 3-month follow-up, the outcome appeared excellent. The case points out the usefulness of TTE via nonconventional windows in detecting Type-B aortic dissection.
Multiple cystic lesions of the jaws
Authors: Benjelloun Laila , El Farouki Ayman , Bouchra Taleb
Published: May 2021

Cystic lesions of the jaws are usually present as single lesions. Rarely, they can occur as multiple cysts occupying more than one quadrant of the jaws. It can be then part of a syndrome. Gorlin–Goltz syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited condition comprising the principal triad of basal cell carcinomas, multiple jaw keratocysts, and skeletal anomalies. It is a syndrome of particular interest to the oral and maxillofacial health experts. Especially that the presence of jaw cysts is the early diagnostic feature of this syndrome, and this can be incidentally identified by routine dental radiographs. It is therefore important to know the main clinical and especially radiological features of this rare syndrome. The case presented is about a patient aged 24 who presented with multiple odontogenic keratocysts as the first signs of a Gorlin Goltz syndrome, that was later confirmed by other signs.
Quantitative periapical radiography using computer-assisted measurement for intraoral projections
Authors: Mizuhashi Ryo , Sugawara Yoshihiro , Oohashi Makoto , Mizuhashi Fumi , Saegusa Hisato , Ogura Ichiro
Published: May 2021

Background:

Quantitative evaluation of radiolucent and radiopaque is difficult for intraoral radiography.

Aims:

This study was designed to estimate quantitative periapical radiography using computer-assisted measurement for intraoral projections.

Materials and Methods:

Ten patients with periapical inflammatory disease of the mandibular molar region were analyzed using a computer-assisted measurement for intraoral projections. The system measures the image density and calculates the bone mineral density (BMD) of an optional region. The periapical region of mandibular molars was compared to the sclerotic bone reaction resulting from the periapical inflammatory disease with the normal periapical region. P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results:

The BMD of the sclerotic bone reaction resulting from the periapical inflammatory disease (1.14 ± 0.08 g/cm2) were significantly higher than those of the normal periapical region (0.94 ± 0.06 g/cm2, P = 0.000).

Conclusions:

The computer-assisted measurement for intraoral projections can be useful for quantitative periapical radiography.
The use of ultrasonography in oral radiology
Authors: Çağlayan Fatma , Yozgat İlbaş Fatma Nur , Aksakal Betül Subaşı
Published: May 2021

Objective:

The objective was to evaluate the ultrasonography (USG) images and reports in dental and maxillofacial radiology clinic, to reveal USG usage, and to draw attention to the diagnostic contribution of USG in necessary cases.

Materials and Methods:

USG archive has been reviewed retrospectively. One hundred and eleven USG examinations reported in our clinic between 2016 and 2020 were included in the study. USG patients consisted of 57 males and 54 females and their mean age was 38.76 ± 18.60.

Results:

The use of USG in the dental radiology clinic was not satisfactory since only 111 USG examinations were detected. Extraoral USG was used in 64.9%, intraoral USG in 28.8%, and both extraoral and intraoral USG in 6.3% of patients. The most frequently used areas of USG were lymph node examinations (26.1%), mucosal lesions (18.9%), salivary gland pathologies (16.2%), abscesses (10.8%), nasolabial cysts (4.5%), masseter hypertrophy (2.7%), palatal masses (2.7%), and others (6.3%).

Conclusion:

Despite advantages of USG in soft-tissue pathologies and even in some jaw pathologies, its use in dental radiology is limited. Dental and maxillofacial radiologists should improve themselves in the use of USG and follow the developments and also should be aware of the benefits that
A Rare Case of Isolated Congenital Foot Drop in a New-Born Infant
Authors: Morvil Narmadha , Chandran Suresh , Bhatia Ashwani , Gopagondanahalli Krishna Revanna
Published: May 2021

We report a case of congenital foot drop in a term neonate born through cesarean section for breech presentation. The antenatal history was unremarkable; the baby was born well and no significant anomalies were noted at birth except for right congenital foot drop. The rest of the neurological examination was unremarkable with normal head and spine ultrasound scans. The postnatal period was otherwise unremarkable with normal feeding and examination. Baby was discharged home in stable condition with regular physiotherapy on follow-up. The foot drop completely resolved by 3 months of age with physiotherapy alone. Baby is currently doing well with normal growth and development.
Interpretation of Tuberculin Skin Test in Bacillus Calmette–Guerin-Vaccinated Children
Authors: Shah Ira , Raut Vijay , Shetty Naman S.
Published: May 2021

Objective:

The objective was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of tuberculin skin test (TST) in Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG)-vaccinated children for diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB).

Materials and Methods:

This observational study was conducted at a single tertiary care center over a period of 32 months from March 2012 to November 2014. All children up to 15 years of age who had received BCG at birth, suspected of TB, and referred to pediatric TB clinic were enrolled in the study. All patients were given TST by 5 Tuberculin Unit Purified Protein Derivative-Standard. The diagnosis of TB was based on either clinical, histopathological, or bacteriological grounds.

Results:

Out of 371 patients, 341 (91.91%) had TB. TST was positive in 227 (61.2%) and negative in 144 (38.8%) patients. The sensitivity of TST to detect active TB was 62.8% and specificity was 56.7%. TST cutoff as ≥15 mm increased specificity of TST to 73.3%, but sensitivity decreased to 25.8%. Age, gender, and contact with TB patients did not affect TST results.

Conclusion:

The accuracy of TST for the diagnosis of TB is low with low sensitivity and specificity. By increasing the cutoff for positive TST to >15 mm, the number of false-positive TST can be reduced.
Risk Communication in COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kumar Surinder , Yadav Arun Kumar , Kunte Renuka , Kaur Simrandeep , Yadav Jyoti , Bhaskar Vijay , Mithun  , Mahajan Saurabh
Published: May 2021

Introduction:

Risk communication is a vital component of the management of health-care crisis including the present pandemic. The health-care professionals play an important role in risk communication; however, health-care professionals have been found wanting when it comes to risk communication during any health-care crisis. The doctors/health-care professionals, being the technical personnel, are required to provide the technical information in a nontechnical or laymen language to the relevant authorities, which in turn are expected to share this knowledge to the people at risk. This study attempts to unravel the perceptions of health-care professionals on this important topic concerning public health.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed for the study question. An online survey was conducted based on Google Forms using snowball sampling technique. The data, collected using a pilot-tested questionnaire, were compiled in MS Excel and analyzed using SPSS software version 23. Requisite permission was taken from the institutional ethic committee. All participants were informed of the voluntary nature of the study, and the data collection was done in an anonymous manner.

Results:

A majority of participants (61.5%) answered in affirmative when asked if they know what risk communication is and 13 (7.7%) were not aware of it. A majority of the participants (60.9%) perceived risk communication as an exchange of information between health experts and general public, whereas 23 (13.6%) participants felt that risk communication is exchange of information between health experts and other health-care workers. Rumor management was not considered an essential part of risk communication by about half (48.5%) of the participants.

Conclusion:

We found significant gaps in the knowledge and perception of risk communication in the health-care professionals, which can be attributed to lack of training. Risk communication needs to be incorporated as a part of formal medical education to plug this gap.
Experience of Individual Donor Nucleic Acid Testing on Screening of Blood Donors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and Hepatitis B Virus at an Apex Blood Bank of Northern India
Authors: Jagani Rajat , Dimri Ujjwal , Kumar Satish , Pawar Amit
Published: May 2021

Context:

There is an ever-growing concern for the safety of blood transfusion with regard to the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C (HCV) virus, and hepatitis B virus (HBV). About 11 million blood units are being collected in India every year. Instances of viral transmission through transfusion still occur as a result of donations that take place while a donor is in the pre-seroconversion window phase.

Aim:

The aim of the study is to analyze 4 years data of nucleic acid testing (NAT) for our blood donor population and validate the benefits of implementing individual donor NAT (ID-NAT).

Subjects and Methods:

A total of 54,895 blood donor samples were tested by ID-NAT method between January 2016 and December 2019. ID-NAT results and corresponding serological test results were collected and correlated for the identification of ID-NAT yield cases (seronegative/NAT positive) to identify the potential infected samples which may not be detected by the serological testing.

Results:

Of the 54,895 samples tested, there were total 71 samples which were serologically negative but detected by ID-NAT (ID-NAT yield). Among these 71 ID-NAT Yields, 3 were HIV, 12 were HCV, 46 were HBV, and 10 cases were reactive for HBV-HCV co-infections. Our combined ID-NAT yield rate was estimated to be 1 in 773 donations tested.

Conclusion:

Higher incidence of NAT only reactive donors poses a risk of transfusion transmissible infections in blood centers not adopting NAT. HBV NAT displays the highest yield, thereby recommending the universal adoption of NAT for all three viral markers, namely HIV, HBV, and HCV in our country.
In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extract of Soybeans (glycine max [l.] merill) Seeds
Authors: Enemor V. H. A. , Oguazu Chinenye Enoch , Okpalagu C. O. , Okafor S. C.
Published: May 2021

Introduction:

Soybean is widely grown for its edible bean. It is a legume that grows in the tropical, subtropical, and temperate climates of Nigeria. It has been shown to contain a number of antioxidants that are used in preventing and treating chronic diseases.

Aims:

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of soybean seed using the following assays: DPPH (2,2 diphenyl-2-picryhydrazylhydrate) scavenging activity assay, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activity assay, inhibition of lipid peroxidation activity assay, reducing power capacity assay, and antioxidant enzyme assay, which include superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity assay.

Materials and Methods:

In the present study, the antioxidant activities of ethanol extract of soybeans seed were determined spectrophotometrically using methods that include 2, 2-diphenyl-picryl hydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activity assay, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity assay, inhibition of lipid peroxidation assay, reducing power activity assay, peroxidation assay, and catalase and SOD activity assays.

Results:

The result of the DPPH scavenging activity revealed that the soybean extract has an EC50 value of 1053.542 μg/ml, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity with an EC50 of 420.1852 μg/ml, and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation of soybeans extract had an IC50 of 1168.771 μg/ml. The reducing power activity of the soybeans extract had an OD0.5 of 484U/mg, catalase activity of 0.12985 U/mg, and SOD activity of 0.004125 U/mg. The EC50/IC50/OD0.5 obtained for the standard butylated hydroxyanisol (BHA) was lower than those of the soybeans extract.

Conclusions:

The use of soybean as a source of natural antioxidants should be promoted since soybean component can inhibit lipid peroxidation and protect the human body from the oxidative damages by free radicals. Hence, the dietary intake of soybean can be linked to prevention and management of certain diseases.
Macroscopic and Microscopic Assessment of Gastroprotective Effects of Methanolic Leaf Extracts of Cissampelos owariensis (P. Beauv.) in Rats using Pyloric Ligation Method
Authors: Omotoso Dayo Rotimi , Lawal Olayinka Simbiat , Olatomide Oluwasegun Davis , Okojie Itohan Grace
Published: May 2021

Background:

Cissampelos owariensis is a tropical medicinal plant widely applied for diverse therapeutic uses such as treatment of circulatory, reproductive, and gastrointestinal conditions. In this study, the gastroprotective activity of methanolic leaf extracts of C. owariensis against prolonged exposure to acidic gastric acid was assessed in male Wistar rats.

Materials and Methods:

This study involved 25 male Wistar rats (180–200 g) divided into five groups (n = 5): Group A–E. Groups A and B were used as normal and test controls given distilled water, whereas Groups C–E were, respectively, administered with methanolic extracts of C. owariensis at dosage of 100 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg, respectively. The mode of administration was oral, and the study period was 21 days. Afterward, gastric mucosal injury was induced in Groups B–E animals through pyloric ligation method. Macroscopic and microscopic examinations of gastric tissues were done to ascertain the degrees of gastric mucosal protection or erosion using gross photographic and histological staining techniques.

Results:

The gross appearance of internal aspect of gastric tissues showed mildly eroded mucosal surface in treated Groups B–D, but intense erosion was observed in test control Group D. Similarly, for histological results, the treated Groups B–D showed moderate-to-mild mucosal surface erosion compared to intense erosion observed in test control Group E.

Conclusion:

Findings from this study indicated that prior treatment with methanolic extracts of C. owariensis resulted in gastric mucosal protection in experimental animals exposed to offensive factor such as gastric acid. This gastroprotective activity of methanolic extracts of C. owariensis may be associated with the antioxidant properties of the constituent phytochemical compounds.
Effects of Aqueous Extract of Cyperus esculentus (Tiger Nut) on Antioxidant Status and Hematological Indices in the Heart of Cadmium-Induced Wistar Rats
Authors: Innih Silvanus Olu , Eluehike Nkeiruka , Francis Blessing
Published: May 2021

Background:

In recent times, medicinal plants has been explored for their ameliorating effect on Cadmium induced organ toxicity in Wistar rats.

Aims and Objectives:

This study investigates the protective effects of aqueous extract of Cyperus esculentus (tiger nut) on cadmium-induced biochemical and histological alterations in heart of rats.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty male wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (A-F). Blood samples were collected from the animals after treatment with cadmium (10mg/kg body weight) and varying doses (150, 300, 600mg/kg B.W) of aqueous extract of Cyperus esculentus for 60 days for evaluation of antioxidant status and hematological parameters. Sections of the heart and aorta were examined for histological alterations.

Results:

Treatment with extract of Cyperus esculentus resulted in a significant increase (P<0.05) in superoxide dismutase, catalase and gluthathione peroxidase activities and a significant reduction in malondialdehyde level when compared to the untreated animals. However, the alterations observed in the hematological parameters were not improved on treatment with Cyperus esculentus.

Conclusion:

Treatment with medium (300mg/kg B.W) and high (600mg/kg B.W) of Cyperus esculentus reversed the histological alterations observed in the heart and aorta of the untreated animals. The study demonstrated that aqueous extract of Cyperus esculentus can protect against oxidative stress resulting from cadmium toxicity.
Comparison of the Data of a Next-Generation Sequencing Panel from K-MASTER Project with That of Orthogonal Methods for Detecting Targetable Genetic Alterations
Authors: Choi Yoon Ji , Choi Jung Yoon , Kim Ju Won , Lim Ah Reum , Lee Youngwoo , Chang Won Jin , Lee Soohyeon , Sung Jae Sook , Chung Hee-Joon , Lee Jong Won , Kang Eun Joo , Kim Jung Sun , Lim Taekyu , Kim Hye Sook , Kim Yu Jung , Ahn Mi Sun , Kim Young Saing , Park Ji Hyun , Lim Seungtaek , Cho Sung Shim , Cho Jang Ho , Shin Sang Won , Park Kyong Hwa , Kim Yeul Hong
Published: May 2021

Purpose K-MASTER project is a Korean national precision medicine platform that screened actionable mutations by analyzing next-generation sequencing (NGS) of solid tumor patients. We compared gene analyses between NGS panel from the K-MASTER project and orthogonal methods.Materials and Methods Colorectal, breast, non–small cell lung, and gastric cancer patients were included. We compared NGS results from K-MASTER projects with those of non-NGS orthogonal methods (KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF mutations in colorectal cancer [CRC]; epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR], anaplastic lymphoma kinase [ALK] fusion, and reactive oxygen species 1 [ROS1] fusion in non–small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], and Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2) positivity in breast and gastric cancers).Results In the CRC cohort (n=225), the sensitivity and specificity of NGS were 87.4% and 79.3% (KRAS); 88.9% and 98.9% (NRAS); and 77.8% and 100.0% (BRAF), respectively. In the NSCLC cohort (n=109), the sensitivity and specificity of NGS for EGFR were 86.2% and 97.5%, respectively. The concordance rate for ALK fusion was 100%, but ROS1 fusion was positive in only one of three cases that were positive in orthogonal tests. In the breast cancer cohort (n=260), ERBB2 amplification was detected in 45 by NGS. Compared with orthogonal methods that integrated immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, sensitivity and specificity were 53.7% and 99.4%, respectively. In the gastric cancer cohort (n=64), ERBB2 amplification was detected in six by NGS. Compared with orthogonal methods, sensitivity and specificity were 62.5% and 98.2%, respectively.Conclusion The results of the K-MASTER NGS panel and orthogonal methods showed a different degree of agreement for each genetic alteration, but generally showed a high agreement rate.
Presentation and treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis in general practice: a French observational study
Authors: Klossek J.M. , Mesbah K.
Published: May 2021

This survey-based study was conducted to determine the characteristics that influence the diagnosis and treatment patterns of acute maxillary sinusitis among general practitioners in France. Questionnaires were sent to 467 physicians and requested to be completed for the next 4 adult (≥ 15 years) patients diagnosed with acute maxillary sinusitis. A total of 397 physicians responded with eligible data on 1585 patients (57.5% female; mean age, 42.3 years). The most common presenting signs and symptoms were moderate-to-severe nasal obstruction (80.4%), pain on sinus palpitation (76.8%), facial pain (74.5%), rhinorrhea (70.4%), and headache (63.6%). Local treatments were prescribed in 93.2% of cases, including nasal lavage (52.1%), vasoconstrictors (42.2%), and intranasal corticosteroids (38.7%). Almost all patients (99%) were prescribed oral treatment including antibiotics (86.5%), analgesics (56.3%), antipyretics (53.7%), and expectorants/mucolytics (45.6%). Symptoms were indicated as having a moderate to very significant effect on quality of life areas including activities of daily living (71.6% of patients), leisure (63.1%), and professional/school activities (59.2%). The diagnosis and management patterns of acute maxillary sinusitis among general practitioners in France are generally consistent with the 2007 European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EP3OS) guidelines.
NF-kappaB expression predicts clinical outcome for nasal polyposis
Authors: Valera F. Cardoso Pereira , Scrideli C. , Queinoz R. , Gonzaiga Tone L. , Anselmo-Lima W.T.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE: To correlate clinical prognosis to the expression of p65, c-Fos, GRalpha and GRbeta in patients with nasal polyps. METHODS: A biopsy was obtained at the first evaluation for patients with nasal polyps (20), and at rhinoplasty for control mucosa (8). Patients with nasal polyps were treated with glucocorticoids and followed for at least 30 months. The expression of each gene (p65, c-Fos, GRalpha and GRbeta) was determined by Real Time-PCR and correlated to clinical outcome. The indication for surgery was considered the end-point of resistance to glucocorticoid therapy. RESULTS: Patients with nasal polyps presented a higher expression of p65 (P<0.05), and a lower expression of GRalpha (P<0.0001), and of GRalpha/GRbeta relation (P<0.0001) than controls. The nasal polyps patients with higher expression of p65 correlated with a poorer response to glucocorticoids (P<0.05), with a four-fold higher risk for surgery to control symptoms. CONCLUSION: Patients with nasal polyps presented higher gene expression of p65, and a reduced expression of GRalpha and of GRalpha/GRbeta relation than controls. Higher p65 (NFkappaB) expression at diagnosis was also associated to a worst response to medical treatment, suggesting this could be considered as one mechanism of cell resistance to glucocorticoid treatment in patients with nasal polyps.
On-Board Diagnostics Implementation Guide
Authors:   Truck Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
Published: May 2021

SAE J1939-03 provides requirements and guidelines for the implementation of on-board diagnostics (OBD) on heavy-duty vehicles (HDV) using the SAE J1939 family of standards. The guidelines identify where the necessary information to meet OBD regulations may be found among the SAE J1939 document set. Key requirements are identified here to ensure the interoperability of OBD scan tools across individual OBD-compliant vehicles.

Market-defined regulations permit the use of SAE J1939 to meet OBD requirements. Implementers are cautioned to obtain and review the specific regulations for the markets where their products are sold. This document is focused on guidelines and requirements to satisfy the State of California Air Resources Board (CARB), the authors of 13 CCR 1971.1, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Euro IV and V requirements from European Commission directives, and UN/ECE WP 29 GRPE WWH OBD Global Technical Regulation (GTR).
Dengue virus exposure among blood donors in Ghana
Authors: Narkwa P. W. , Mutocheluh M. , Kwofie T. B. , Owusu M. , Annan A. , Ali I. , Boamah J. K.
Published: May 2021

Dengue is an urban arbovirus whose aetiologic agent is the flavivirus with four distinct antigen serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4) that is transmitted to humans through the bite of the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Ghana is endemic for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and probably dengue viruses. Due to limited data on dengue virus exposure among Ghanaians, we surveyed 188 healthy adult blood donors for the presence of IgG and IgM antibodies to the four serotypes of dengue. Five milliliters of peripheral blood from the blood donors were collected in plain tubes. Serum was then obtained and ELISA tests were employed to detect both dengue virus total antibodies and IgM. The samples were further tested for dengue virus RNA using RT-PCR. Dengue virus IgG was positive for 43.6% of all the 188 blood donor samples tested but all donors were negative for anti-dengue IgM antibody and dengue virus RNA. The rate of dengue virus total antibody exposure did not differ statistically between urban and rural districts. This study shows for the first time that some regions of Ghana are hyperendemic for dengue virus infection but suggests blood for transfusion is invariably dengue virus free. This report has provided a baseline data that will inform wider discussions about the impact of this dengue fever and also guide policy makers to develop effective and affordable early warning and outbreak response systems for Ghana.Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences (2016) 5(2), 30-35
Comparison of various staining techniques in the diagnosis of Coccidian parasitosis in HIV infection
Authors: Joseph A.A. , Popoola G.O.
Published: May 2021

Diarrhoea due to oppourtunistic coccidian parasites is a common clinical presentation in HIV infection. Its management differs from that of diarrhoea due to other protozoa, improvement of immune status being the mainstay while specific drug treatment is available for other aetiologies, hence, the need for its accurate identification when present. This can be achieved via various diagnostic techniques, commonly microscopy in this environment, hence the need to compare the efficacy of the commonly used stains in our locality. The objective of the study is to identify the most effective of the commonly used stains in identifying these parasites. Diarrhea stool samples from 250 adult HIV positives and an equal number of age and sex matched HIV negative controls were screened, staining with trichrome, auramine and modified Ziehl Neelsen stain. A positivity rate of 55% was reported. Modified Ziehl Neelsen, when compared with trichrome staining had 81% sensitivity, 77.3% specificity, positive predictive value of 70.4%, negative predictive value of 85.9% and when compared to auramine staining, had 80% sensitivity, 76.7% specificity, positive predictive value of 69.9%, negative predictive value of 85.2% in test subjects. There was a significant moderate level of agreement between the staining methods though trichrome showed a stronger agreement than auramine when compared with Modified ZN in test (κ value 0.569 and 0.553 respectively), and a significant, fair level of agreement between the methods with Auramine showing a stronger agreement than trichrome when both were compared with Modified ZN (κ value 0.399 and 0.332 respectively) in controls. Auramine and trichrome techniques are preferred for screening and diagnosis based on findings. Of these two techniques, auramine is preferred.Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences (2016) 5(3), 28-35Keywords: comparison, trichrome, auramine, modified ziehl neelsen, HIV
Prevalence and risks factors of overweight/obesity among Undergraduate students: An institutional based cross-sectional study, Ghana
Authors: Obirikorang C. , Anto E.O. , Addai P. , Obirikorang Y. , Acheampong E.
Published: May 2021

Obesity and overweight are lifestyle conditions affecting more than half of the younger adult population. This study determined the prevalence and risks factors of obesity and overweight among undergraduate students in Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. This institutional based cross-sectional study conducted between November, 2013 and February, 2014 recruited three hundred (300) students from the various academic colleges. Self-structured questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic and lifestyle related characteristics. Blood pressure, weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC) were measured. The overall prevalence of obesity and overweight was 1.7% (5/300) and 16.0% (48/300) using BMI; 13.3% (40/300) and 8.7% (26/300) using WC; 19.0% (57/300) and 20.0% (60/300) respectively using WHR while obesity was 28.7% (86/300) using WHtR. Generally, obesity was higher in females than males (p=0.0149). Drinking 2-4 bottles of alcohol per day was associated with obesity than overweight (40.0% (2/5) vs. 8.3% (4/48); p=0.0175). Increased prevalence of obesity was associated with fourth year students. About 22.9% (11/48) of students in Agric and natural science were more likely to be overweight while 40.0% (2/5) from health sciences were more likely to be obese. Akans and Ga-Adangbes’ were more likely to be overweight and obese respectively. Being female was an independent risk factor for obesity/overweight (OR = 12.67, 95% CI = 0.926-17.042; p=0.0020). This study indicated that obesity and overweight were predominantly associated with female undergraduate students. The use of WC, WHR and WHtR in combination with BMI is essential.Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences (2017) 6(1), 24-34Keywords: Obesity, Overweight, Risk, Undergraduate, Students
Phytotherapy for children's nocturnal enuresis
Authors: Ahmadipour S. H. , Vakili M. , Ahmadipour S.
Published: May 2021

In a period of childhood, one of the issues that annoys the parents is their child's nocturnal enuresis. Nocturnal enuresis is annoying not only for the family but for the children themselves. Conventional treatments for nocturnal enuresis lead to certain complications. Medicinal plants have a special status in the treatment of neonatal and pediatric diseases. In phytomedicine, certain medicinal plants and phytotherapies have been suggested to treat nocturnal enuresis. The purpose of this study is to review the most important medicinal plants for children's nocturnal enuresis. To conduct this review, we searched for relevant articles indexed in certain databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Islamic World Science Citation Center, Scientific Information Database, and Magiran and some data sites using the words nocturnal enuresis, children's urination, medicinal plants, and traditional medicine. Results have shown that Zingiber officinale, Valeriana officinalis, Alcea rosea, Elettaria cardamomum, Cinnamomum verum, Ribes uva-crispa, Cornus mas, Juglans regia, Vitis vinifera, Sinapis spp., Olea europaea, and Prunus cerasus are a number of important plants that are effective on nocturnal enuresis in traditional medicine and phytomedicine.Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences (2017) 6(3), 23 - 29
Photocatalytic degradation of a diazo-dye in artificial seawater matrix: Optimization of UV/H2O2 process on the Ponceau S decolorization by using central composite design
Authors: Laftani Yasmine , Boussaoud Abdelghani , Chatib Baylassane , Hachkar Mohsine , El Makhfouk Mohammed , Khayar Mohammed
Published: May 2021

The photocatalytic oxidation using the highly reactive hydroxyl radical from UV/H2O2 system is one of the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) that destroy or even mineralize organic pollutants, which are harmful to the environment. However, certain costs must be controlled by taking into account influencing factors such as the dose of irradiance, oxidant dosage, and the complexity of the background matrix, among others. The objective of this work was to optimize Ponceau S (PS) degradation efficiency by UV/H2O2 process in artificial seawater by using central composite design (CCD). The three selected factors were the hydrogen peroxide concentration, the irradiated volume and the PS dosage. The regression analysis showed good fit of the experimental data to the second-order polynomial model with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9612. The optimal conditions were found to be: C(PS) = 50.91 mg/L, [H2O2] = 2.24 mM, and irradiated volume = 600 mL. Under these conditions, the PS decolorization efficiency was equal to 72.47%.
Çukurova'da Tarıma Bağlı Halk Ekonomisinde Harman ve Hasat Gelenekleri
Authors: ŞENESEN İsmail
Published: May 2021

Bereketli topraklarıyla bilinen Çukurova, binlerce yıldır tarımın her türlüsüne ev sahipliği yapmış ve tarım faaliyetleri, halkın ana geçim kaynağını oluşturmuştur. Buğday, arpa, pamuk, susam, karpuz, mısır, ayçiçeği, turunçgiller, fıstık, domates, zeytin, bezelye gibi çok çeşitli ürünün yetiştiği Çukurova’da, buğday hasadı ve harmanı ile hemen her ürünün hasadıyla ilgili zengin bir uygulama, inanış ve gelenek altyapısı dikkati çekmektedir. Örneğin hasat, bazı yerlerde tırpanla bazısında orakla veya biçerdöverle yapılır. Hasat yapılacak tarlaya besmele çekilerek sağ ayakla tarlaya girilir, hava bulutluysa uğursuz sayılır ve harman yapılmaz. Ürünün iyi olması için adak adanır. Harmanda erkekler ve kadınlar karşılıklı atışmalar yapar, tekerleme, mâni, türkü söylerler. Oyunlar, yarışmalar düzenlerler. Verimli ve bol ürün için şükür duası edilir, Kuran okunur, kurban kesilir, yemek verilir. Bu çalışmada, Çukurova bölgesinde tarıma bağlı halk ekonomisinde, harman ve hasat gelenekleri çerçevesinde, geçmişten günümüze yaşayan harman ve hasat uygulamalarıyla bunlara bağlı olarak gelişen âdet ve inanmalar tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada, yazılı kaynaklardan yararlanılarak, eski uygarlıklardan günümüze topraktan yararlanma biçimleri ve Orta Asya’dan Anadolu’ya Türklerin tarım konusundaki uygulamalarına kısaca değinilmiştir. Sözü edilen uygulamalar, âdet ve inanmalar, alan araştırması yöntemiyle derlenmiş; derlenen bilgiler, sınıflandırılmış ve halk arasında bugün hâlâ yaşayan harman ve hasada dair uygulamalar, gelenekler, inanışlar, geçmişten günümüze tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Comparing Computer-Based Programs’ Impact on Problem Solving Ability and Motivation
Authors: Doster Hannah , Cuevas Josh
Published: May 2021

Teaching mathematics involves a variety of techniques and approaches in order to reach students’ academic needs in a way that aids them in achieving at the level required by state standards. One of the ways that educators are meeting the needs of their students is through using computer-based programs. In this study, 17 fifth grade students were placed into two groups and assigned computer-based programs. One program, MobyMax, offered students scaffolding measures to aid in concept development. The other program, IXL, offered students detailed feedback in response to their answer submissions. This study was designed to determine the impact of the features of the two computer-based programs on student achievement through problem solving and their level of motivation. Students in both groups experienced gains in problem solving ability on average. Time spent on the program did not appear to be a contributing factor to gain score for problem solving. And student motivation showed little change throughout using either computer-based program.
Providing the Best Possible Learning Environment for K-8 English Learners in Social Studies Content
Authors: Kim Ji Young , Wynne Matthew John
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide the best possible learning environment for K-8 English Learners (ELs) in social studies content suggested by ESL teachers and school administrators in North Carolina. ESL teachers and school administrators share their perceptions of best practices and strategies that have been effective in addressing the needs of ELs in the K-8 social studies classroom. Authors propose multifaceted approaches to meeting the needs of ELs in the social studies classrooms: First, effective professional development activities train social studies content teachers to acquire research-based effective instructional models for ELs. Second, literacy strategies provide social studies teachers the necessary information to make pedagogical modifications. Third, collaboration among content teachers, ESL teachers, and school administrators creates open communication to take initiative in sharing effective strategies that can be easily implemented and challenges that can be addressed.