bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multimodal analgesia for treatment of allodynia and hyperalgesia after major trauma in a cat
Authors: Goich Mariela , Bascuñán Alejandra , Faúndez Patricio , Valdés Alicia
Published: June 2019

Case summary

A 2-year-old polytraumatized male cat was admitted to a teaching hospital for correction of a defective inguinal herniorrhaphy. Upon arrival, the cat showed signs of neuropathic pain, including allodynia and hyperalgesia. Analgesic therapy was initiated with methadone and metamizole; however, 24 h later, the signs of pain continued. Reparative surgery was performed, and a multimodal analgesic regimen was administered (methadone, ketamine, wound catheter and epidural anesthesia). Postoperatively, the cat showed signs of severe pain, assessed using the UNESP-Botucatu multidimensional composite pain scale. Rescue analgesia was initiated, which included methadone, bupivacaine (subcutaneous wound-diffusion catheter) and transversus abdominis plane block. Because the response was incomplete, co-adjuvant therapy (pregabalin and electroacupuncture) was then implemented. Fourteen days after admission, the patient was discharged with oral tramadol and pregabalin for at-home treatment.

Relevance and novel information

Neuropathic pain is caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction in the nervous system and is a well-described complication following trauma, surgical procedures such as hernia repair, and inadequate analgesia. The aims of this report are to: (1) describe a presentation of neuropathic pain to highlight the recognition of clinical signs such as allodynia and hyperalgesia in cats; and (2) describe treatment of multi-origin, severe, long-standing, ‘mixed’ pain (acute inflammatory with a neuropathic component). The patient was managed using multiple analgesic strategies (multimodal analgesia), including opioids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, locoregional anesthesia, co-adjuvant drugs and non-pharmacological therapy (electroacupuncture).
The history and future of Kham: Perspectives based on a historical anthropological reading of Alai's four novels
Authors: Zheng Shaoxiong
Published: June 2019

Up to the present, the distinguished Tibetan writer, Alai, has published four full-length novels – King Gesar, Nyarong (Zhandui), Red Poppies, and the Hollow Mountain series – which have, to a great extent, shaped outsiders’ impressions of Kham, or Eastern Tibet, one of the three traditional divisions of ‘cultural Tibet’ or ‘ethnographical Tibet’. Based on a historical anthropological perspective, this article examines the spatial and temporal dimensions of Kham history reflected in these four novels. On the one hand, it shows how the native Khampa's senses of space, referring to surrounding political entities, changed first from an ancient model of ‘four regimes in four directions’, then to a dual model of the central Han and local Tibetan polities on opposing sides during late Imperial China and the Republican Period, and finally to the unitary model of a single central government in the contemporary period. In addition, this article shows how Khampa have experienced changing senses of time, from circulatory Tibetan Buddhist time to the dynastic time of Chinese Empires to modern linear time. Beyond revealing the transformations in the spatial and temporal senses of the Khampa people, Alai also implicitly describes the alternative models in Sino-Tibetan relations as both historical reality and ideality: Spatially, in the process of forced integration, Han Chinese and Tibetan people have simultaneously experienced ethnic distinction, which has been recognized by elite Khampa agents; Temporally, free borderland markets, acting in the role of historical transcendence, have been protective and under control, especially for the sake of the Tibetan side.

The above narratives are both empirical facts and Alai's expectations and construction. On the one hand, as an ethnic-minority writer and native speaker (Tibetan dialect rGyalrong), Alai loves his fellow Tibetans and tends to understand their conditions from the bottom up; on the other hand, raised in a peripheral Tibetan village near a Han area, educated in modern Mandarin schools and a Mandarin college, and unable to practice writing in his mother language, Alai has a conception of history that has been generated from the top down. It is easy to understand how, faced with issues of frontiers and ethnic minorities, native elites like Alai are quite likely to develop a historical construction of literary complexity. This complexity further diversifies outsiders' impressions of Tibet.
European Union directives and clinical practice in nursing education in the Nordic countries
Authors: Henriksen Jette , Löfmark Anna , Wallinvirta Eivor , Gunnarsdóttir Þóra Jenný , Slettebø Åshild
Published: June 2019

Nursing education in countries belonging to the European Union (EU) must follow EU directive requirements. The aim of this opinion paper is to explore and discuss the challenges presented by EU requirements to clinical practice in nursing education. These requirements prescribe that clinical practice must be carried out in a variety of different and specialized areas that provide care in hospital units. This may offer students only a limited range of experience; thus, they may not be fully prepared to care for patients with common diseases, and only have a restricted knowledge about the ongoing development of caring for patients at home. EU directives require that half of a nursing education course be allocated to clinical practice. This is challenging, since the number of hours is laid down without considering such aspects as the need for pedagogical qualifications for preceptors, which in turn may affect the quality of the clinical practice.
In vitro evaluation of loop design influencing the sliding of orthodontic wires: A preliminary study
Authors: Savoldi Fabio , Paganelli Corrado
Published: June 2019

Aim:

Resistance to sliding between bracket and wire is present, in a different magnitude, in most orthodontic treatments and it affects the biomechanics of the tooth movement. However, the influence of loop design on resistance to sliding is currently unknown.

Methods:

In total, 12 stainless steel orthodontic wires of different sizes (0.016″×0.022″; 0.017″×0.025″), loop height (6mm, 8mm, 10mm), and loop type (open, close) were analyzed. Wires were tied with elastic ligatures to a bracket and tested during sliding at 0.5 mm/min. Straight wires were used as controls. Differences in the force to start the sliding ( N), force during the sliding ( N), and displacement to start the sliding (mm), were evaluated with Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance and Mann–Whitney tests (α=0.05).

Results:

Open loops had a lower force to start the sliding compared to straight wires ( p<0.05), and some closed loops showed a similar trend. Open loops had lower force during the sliding compared to straight wires, but closed loops were less predictable. Displacement to start the sliding increased with loop height, and differences were present between loops and straight wires ( p<0.001). Force to start the sliding and force during the sliding changed relative to loop type ( p<0.05), and closed loops showed higher resistance to sliding. Differences were also found in force to start the sliding and force during the sliding between wire sizes, with larger wires associated with higher forces ( p<0.05).

Conclusions:

Loops should be considered as significant variables in the resistance to sliding, as they can influence both the amount of force and the onset of sliding. Compared to straight wires, rectangular wires with open loops may help clinicians reduce resistance to sliding. Further studies are necessary to confirm these preliminary findings.
Myoclonic jerks complicating treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia: case report and literature review
Authors: Rhee John Y. , Tremblay Douglas , Chan Amy M. , Tallman Martin S. , Mascarenhas John
Published: June 2019

Key Points

Myoclonic jerks and inattentiveness may be rare neurologic complications of ATO toxicity. Clinicians must be aware of this rare toxicity given that the ATO and ATRA combination is now standard-of-care treatment of low-risk APL.
Light pollution affects space use and interaction of two small mammal species irrespective of personality
Authors: Hoffmann Julia , Schirmer Annika , Eccard Jana Anja
Published: June 2019

Background

Artificial light at night (ALAN) is one form of human-induced rapid environmental changes (HIREC) and is strongly interfering with natural dark–light cycles. Some personality types within a species might be better suited to cope with environmental change and therefore might be selected upon under ongoing urbanization.

Results

We used LED street lamps in a large outdoor enclosure to experimentally investigate the effects of ALAN on activity patterns, movement and interaction of individuals of two species, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus) and the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius). We analyzed effects combined with individual boldness score. Both species reduced their activity budget during daylight hours. While under natural light conditions home ranges were larger during daylight than during nighttime, this difference vanished under ALAN. Conspecifics showed reduced home range overlap, proximity and activity synchrony when subjected to nighttime illumination. Changes in movement patterns in reaction to ALAN were not associated with differences in boldness score of individuals.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that light pollution can lead to changes in movement patterns and individual interactions in small mammals. This could lead to fitness consequences on the population level.
Serum Concentrations of Oocyte-Secreted Factors BMP15 and GDF9 During IVF and in Women With Reproductive Pathologies
Authors: Riepsamen Angelique H , Chan Karen , Lien Shelly , Sweeten Prudence , Donoghoe Mark W , Walker Glenda , Fraison Eloïse H J , Stocker William A , Walton Kelly L , Harrison Craig A , Ledger William L , Robertson David M , Gilchrist Robert B
Published: June 2019

Oocyte-secreted factors bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) and growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) are critical for folliculogenesis and fertility. This study developed ELISAs for the measurement of BMP15 and GDF9 in serum and investigated their usefulness as biomarkers of female reproductive function. Serum samples were obtained from women undergoing infertility treatments (n = 154) and from perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (n = 28). Serum concentrations of BMP15 and GDF9 were analyzed in women relative to age, anti-Müllerian hormone, number of oocytes retrieved, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) after superovulation for in vitro fertilization. BMP15 and GDF9 immunoassays were validated for specificity, sensitivity (24 and 26 pg/mL, respectively), and reproducibility. BMP15 and GDF9 were detectable in 61% and 29% of women, respectively. BMP15 and GDF9 varied 64-fold and 15-fold, respectively, between women, but they did not change within subjects following ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins. Serum GDF9 concentration, but not BMP15 concentration, was associated with oocyte number retrieved in patients without PCOS (P = 0.018). GDF9 and BMP15 associations with oocyte number differed significantly (P < 0.05) with PCOS status. GDF9 concentrations were lower in poor responders (women with fewer than four oocytes retrieved or with cancelled cycles; P = 0.020). Serum BMP15, but not GDF9, was lower in women >55 years of age, compared with women of reproductive age (P < 0.01). This study develops and validates immunoassays to quantitate BMP15 and GDF9 in human serum and to correlate concentrations with female reproductive potential. Although assay sensitivities require improvement, this study demonstrates the diagnostic potential of oocyte-secreted BMP15 and GDF9 as serum biomarkers in reproductive medicine.
Angiogenic Abnormalities in Diabetes Mellitus: Mechanistic and Clinical Aspects
Authors: Fadini Gian Paolo , Albiero Mattia , Bonora Benedetta Maria , Avogaro Angelo
Published: June 2019

Context

Diabetes causes severe pathological changes to the microvasculature in many organs and tissues and is at the same time associated with an increased risk of coronary and peripheral macrovascular events. We herein review alterations in angiogenesis observed in human and experimental diabetes and how they contribute to diabetes onset and development of vascular complications.

Evidence Acquisition

The English language medical literature was searched for articles reporting on angiogenesis/vasculogenesis abnormalities in diabetes and their clinical manifestations, mechanistic aspects, and possible therapeutic implications.

Evidence Synthesis

Angiogenesis is a complex process, driven by a multiplicity of molecular mechanisms and involved in several physiological and pathological conditions. Incompetent angiogenesis is pervasive in diabetic vascular complications, with both excessive and defective angiogenesis observed in various tissues. A striking different angiogenic response typically occurs in the retina vs the myocardium and peripheral circulation, but some commonalities in abnormal angiogenesis can explain the well-known association between microangiopathy and macroangiopathy. Impaired angiogenesis can also affect endocrine islet and adipose tissue function, providing a link to diabetes onset. Exposure to high glucose itself directly affects angiogenic/vasculogenic processes, and the mechanisms include defective responses to hypoxia and proangiogenic factors, impaired nitric oxide bioavailability, shortage of proangiogenic cells, and loss of pericytes.

Conclusions

Dissecting the molecular drivers of tissue-specific alterations of angiogenesis/vasculogenesis is an important challenge to devise new therapeutic approaches. Angiogenesis-modulating therapies should be carefully evaluated in view of their potential off-target effects. At present, glycemic control remains the most reasonable therapeutic strategy to normalize angiogenesis in diabetes.
Molecular form and function of the cytokinetic ring
Authors: Mangione M. C. , Gould Kathleen L.
Published: June 2019

Animal cells, amoebas and yeast divide using a force-generating, actin- and myosin-based contractile ring or ‘cytokinetic ring’ (CR). Despite intensive research, questions remain about the spatial organization of CR components, the mechanism by which the CR generates force, and how other cellular processes are coordinated with the CR for successful membrane ingression and ultimate cell separation. This Review highlights new findings about the spatial relationship of the CR to the plasma membrane and the arrangement of molecules within the CR from studies using advanced microscopy techniques, as well as mechanistic information obtained from in vitro approaches. We also consider advances in understanding coordinated cellular processes that impact the architecture and function of the CR.
Disasters and the elderly: The Turkey case
Authors: Gultekin Timur , Varol Nehir
Published: June 2019

From the past to the present, people have been exposed to very different kinds of disasters, and it is evident that women, children, the elderly and the disabled are the groups most affected by disasters. As elderly people differ according to their socio-economic, health and psychological status, they can be undefended and vulnerable to many emergencies. Protection of these disadvantaged/vulnerable people from disaster risks, raising their awareness and taking measures for these groups in disaster plans are highly important. The aim of this study is to find what should be done to secure their life and livelihood. Therefore, based on secondary research, this study analyses their current situation, challenges they face during and after disasters. Within the scope of this aim, this study is focused on gaining experience from natural disasters that occurred in Turkey in the past and people’s reaction to these disasters, especially their effects on the elderly.
Changes in children’s and adolescents’ mortality in Estonia during the last century
Authors: Tiit Ene-Margit
Published: June 2019

The problem of infant mortality arose in the discussion on risks connected with new-borns’ vaccination. When we compare infant mortality about ninety years ago and nowadays, then it is easy to see that children’s mortality has decreased enormously. But this process has not been uniform during the whole 90-year period: we can see the sub-periods of rapid progress and also sub-periods of stagnation. Obviously, some social and political factors have an impact here, but the mechanism of this influence is not clear.
God Beyond Orthodoxy: Process Theology for the 21stcentury'
Authors: Clayton Philip
Published: June 2019

God Beyond Orthodoxy: Process Theology for the 21stcentury
The Second Handshake: Constructive Postmodernism in China Today
Authors: Wang Zhihe
Published: June 2019

No Abstract
Education for Sustainable Development through Learning as Valuing
Authors: Regnier Robert
Published: June 2019

"NO ABSTRACT"
Translating Process Philosophy into Educational Practice for the Emerging Global Society
Authors: Raman Pattabi S
Published: June 2019

"NO ABSTRACT"
Gandhi and Whitehead on Conflict-Solving
Authors: Maassen Helmut
Published: June 2019

"NO ABSTRACT"
Whitehead and Intercultural Philosophy
Authors: Mikinski Maio
Published: June 2019

"NO ABSTRACT"
Directions of Reforming the Pension System and the Audit
Authors: Гутцайт Евгений , Guttsayt E.
Published: June 2019

The article discusses the contribution of the pensioner in his pension through the light of its earlier capital and participation in creating the GDP. Th e article argues for the need to move away from the solidarity principle of the pension provision and improvement of public confidence in the authorities in pension issues. Th e author substantiates a number of measures to improve the pension system of the country. The possibilities of audit contribution to this improvement are discussed. Various proposals for specific audits of pension authorities are formulated.
Non-Financial Information in Accounting and Reporting: Analysis of Federal Standards
Authors: Еремеева Ольга , Eremeeva Ol'ga
Published: June 2019

Th e article analyzes the content of federal accounting standards for disclosure requirements for non-fi nancial information. Th e reasons for the inclusion of non-fi nancial information in the accounting and reporting system are presented. Conclusions about the expansion of functions and increasing the usefulness of non-fi nancial information in the reporting are made.
Developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Noakes Amy
Published: June 2019

In the UK, around 1–3% of newborns are diagnosed with developmental dysplasia of the hip. Health visitors can provide advice about how to spot the condition and the risk factors involved, says Amy Noakes
An age-old problem
Authors: Hanley Jane
Published: June 2019

Older people come with specific health and care requirements, with the frailty of older age meaning that providing care is more challenging. Integrated services, which include both health and social care, can usually provide the solution, says Jane Hanley
Have a go!
Authors: Mountain Julie
Published: June 2019

When it comes to risk-taking and resilience, Japan's settings get the most out of adults and the outdoors, finds Julie Mountain
Network Synchronization and Consensus Regions in a Multi-Agent System
Authors: De La Parra Nuria , Reguera Guillermo , Salvo Juan José , Sánchez Óscar
Published: June 2019

Two problems related to complex network systems are explained in this paper. These two main problems are: consensus and network synchronization. Both have been studied separately in previous years but only a few people have studied these two problems together as one. Our intention in this article is to show how these two problems might ‘work’ together by simulating a network system with routers and agents, we will try to show how agents must negotiate and communicate in order to achieve their aim.
Propolis supplementation improved productivity, oxidative status, and immune response of Barki ewes and lambs
Authors: Shedeed Hesham Attia , Farrag Bahaa , Elwakeel Eman Ali , Abd El-Hamid Ibrahim Samir , El-Rayes Muhammed Ahmed Hilmy
Published: June 2019

Aim: The present study was conducted to study the effect of propolis administration on bio-hematological parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, and productivity of Barki ewes during late pregnancy and lactation under the arid conditions. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five pregnant Barki ewes were fed the basal diet (n=12, control) and the basal diet plus propolis (5 g/kg diet, n=13) for 1 month before parturition and continued 2 months after parturition. Milk yield and milk composition, hematological constituents, antioxidant enzyme activities, thyroid hormones, and lambs birth and weaning weights, and antioxidants were determined. Results: Significant (p<0.05) increase in white blood cells in the propolis group compared to control was observed. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (Hb) (MCH) and corpuscular Hb (MCH concentration %) were decreased (p<0.05) in propolis compared to control group. Milk yield was increased (p<0.05) in the propolis group compared with control and continued to increase with the advancement of lactation. Milk fat and milk total solids increased (p<0.05) in the propolis group than the control. Plasma immunoglobulin A (IgA) was increased (p<0.05) in propolis compared to control with no effect in IgM and IgG. Superoxide dismutase, hydrogen peroxide (HP), and nitric oxide were decreased (p<0.01) in the propolis group compared to control. Weaning weight for lambs born to ewes fed propolis was increased (p<0.05) at week 8 after birth compared with control lambs. Malondialdehyde and HP activities were decreased (p<0.01) in lambs born to propolis ewes compared to control. Conclusion: Crude Chinese propolis (5 g/d) supplementation improved milk yield, milk composition, and the antioxidant enzymes in Barki ewes and immune functions, growth performance and antioxidant status in their lambs under arid conditions.
O CLIMA URBANO DAS CIDADES E SUAS INTERAÇÕES COM A ARQUITETURA E A GEOGRAFIA
Authors: Freitas Thyago Phellip França
Published: June 2019

O clima de uma cidade pode ser entendido como a inter-relação de variáveis que contribuem e interferem na qualidade de vida de uma população. Sendo assim, quando se aborda o clima urbano de uma cidade, busca-se descrever o comportamento climático de determinado local sob a ótica do recorte de escala, delineando o objeto na procura de causa-efeito de determinado perfil climatológico. Monteiro (1976) propôs o SCU (Sistema Clima Urbano) como um método de pesquisa climatológica, inquirindo o comportamento do clima sob os aspectos da termodinâmica, hidro meteórica e físico-química. Desde a publicação do SCU até o presente momento, várias foram as proposições de geógrafos no intuito de entender os comportamentos climatológicos de várias cidades, bem como este também é o campo de interesse dos arquitetos e urbanistas na tentativa de realizar propostas que visem o conforto urbano da cidade em uma escala microclimática, e consequentemente o planejamento urbano em uma escala local. Este estudo utilizou-se de revisão de literatura acerca da temática abordada, além da observação e análise dos impactos e interferências das questões climáticas nas cidades, além ainda de uma análise sobre o modelo do S.C.U., e suas implicações urbanas Cabe destacar que os resultados alcançados nesta pesquisa, a qual abrange a interdicisplinaridade entre as áreas, poderão ser utilizados como subsídio para novas pesquisas com o mesmo intuito de analisar as inter-relações entre geógrafos e arquitetos e urbanistas.
IMPLICAÇÕES ESPACIAIS DA CRISE URBANA EM UBERLÂNDIA-MG
Authors: Almeida Amanda Silva , Bicalho Beatriz , Almeida Dayane Nogueira de , Alves Deborah Cristina , Andrade João Vitor Nunes , Carvalho Letícia Nunes de , Araujo Rafael Caixeta Vieira , Souza Ruan Carvalho Alves e , Santana Victor Dantas , Gregolate Vítor Oliveira , Pereira Mirlei Fachini Vicente
Published: June 2019

Os problemas urbanos comumente encontrados no Brasil persistem e se aprofundam no período atual, indicando o tamanho da crise que atravessa a urbanização no país. A permanência de problemas históricos, como a falta de acesso dos mais pobres à moradia digna e a proliferação de espaços de urbanização precária (favelas e ocupações), permanecem como característica do espaço urbano brasileiro, ao mesmo tempo em que também aumentam e se fazem presentes esforços de agentes privados e do próprio Estado na reprodução de mecanismos típicos de especulação e valorização imobiliária, marcando a paisagem das cidades. Este é o resultado da produção da cidade como mercadoria, quando a função social da propriedade e o direito à moradia são desprezados ou relegados a segundo plano. O trabalho aponta para tais aspectos no espaço urbano de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, avaliando como a cidade se tornou ainda mais fragmentada e desigual neste início de século.
Pengaruh konsentrasi zpt giberalin dan lama penyinaran terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman krisan (Chrysanthemum morifolium)
Authors: Rifalasna Dian , Sumarsono Sumarsono , Kristanto Budi Adi
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT               This study aims to examine the effect of giberalin ZPT concentration and duration of irradiation on the growth and yield of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) cut flowers. The study took place in February - June 2018. The study was conducted in Mendongan Village, Sumowono District, Semarang Regency, Central Java.  ABSTRACT  This study aimed to examine the effect of giberalin concentration and duration of irradiation on the growth and yield of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) cut flowers. The study took place in February - June 2018. The study was conducted in Mendongan Village, Sumowono District, Semarang Regency, Central Java. The design used in the study was a Completely Randomized Factorial 4x4 Design. The first factor was gibberallin treatment consisted of G1: GA 0 ppm, G2: GA 10 ppm, G3: GA 20 ppm, G4: GA 30 ppm. The second factor was the irradiation time consisted of R1: 1 hour irradiation time, R2: 2 hours irradiation time, R3: 3 hours irradiation time, and R4: 4 hours irradiation time. Parameters observed were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, number of flowers, flower diameter, flowering age and flower harvesting age.The results showed that the treatment of giberalin concentration significantly affected the parameters of the amount of interest. While the irradiation treatment time significantly affected the parameters of plant height, number of leaves, flower diameter, stem diameter, age of flowering, and leaf area. Keywords: Giberalin, Chrysanthemum, Irradiation Period ABSTRAK  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh konsentrasi ZPT giberalin dan lama penyinaran terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil bunga potong tanaman krisan (Chrysanthemum morifolium). Penelitian berlangsung pada bulan Februari - Juni 2018. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Mendongan, Kecamatan Sumowono, Kabupaten Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah Percobaan Faktorial 4x4 Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Faktor pertama yaitu perlakuan giberalin sebanyak 4 taraf yaitu G1 : GA 0 ppm, G2 : GA 10 ppm, G3 : GA 20 ppm, G4 : GA 30 ppm. Faktor kedua adalah lama penyinaran dengan 4 taraf yaitu R1 : lama penyinaran 1 jam, R2 : lama penyinaran 2 jam, R3 : lama penyinaran 3 jam, dan R4 : lama penyinaran 4 jam. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, luas daun, jumlah bunga, diameter bunga, umur berbunga dan umur panen bunga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi giberalin berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan jumlah bunga yang bertambah banyak. Sedangkan lama penyinaran berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter bunga, diameter batang, umur berbunga, dan luas daun. Kata Kunci :Giberalin, Krisan, Lama Penyinaran
Respon pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai (Glycine max L.) pada berbagai dosis dan jenis pupuk organik
Authors: Zahrotun Nur , Yafizham Yafizham , Fuskhah Eny
Published: June 2019

ABSTRAK  Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh interaksi antara dosis dan berbagai jenis pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei – Agustus 2017 di Lahan Percobaan dan Laboratorium Ekologi dan Produksi Tanaman, Fakultas Peternakan dan Pertanian, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang. Penelitianmenggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial 2 x 5 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah dosis pupuk yaitu D1 : 50 kg P/ha dan D2 : 100 kg P/ha. Faktor kedua adalah jenis pupuk yaitu J0 : SP-36, J1 : bioslurry, J2 : kotoran sapi, J3 : kotoran kambing dan J4 : kotoran ayam. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah polong total dan bobot 100 biji. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dan apabila terdapat pengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan Uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis pupuk kotoran kambing mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan pupuk kotoran ayam, kotoran sapi, bioslurry dan SP-36 dengan dosis pupuk 50 kg P/ha. Kata kunci : kedelai, pupuk organik, pupuk SP-36.ABSTRACT The research aimed was to study the interaction between dosages and kinds of organic fertilizer on growth and yield of soybean. The research was conducted in May - August 2017 at Experimental Field and Ecology and Plant Production Laboratory, Faculty of Animal and Agriculture, Diponegoro University, Semarang. The research design used completely randomized design with factorial design 2 x 5 with 3 replications. The first factor were organic fertilizer dosages D1 : 50 kg P/ha and D2 : 100 kg P/ha. The second factors were kind of organic fertilizers J0 : SP-36, J1 : bioslurry, J2 : cow manure, J3 : goat manure, and J4 : chicken manure. The parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, total number of pod, and 100 seeds weight. Data analyzed using analysis of variance and using Duncan Multiple Ranged Test on alpha 5%. The result showed that the goat manure fertilizer can increase the growth and production of soybean plant is highest compared with chicken manure, cow manure, bioslurry and SP-36 with dosage of 50 kg P/ha. Keywords : soybean, organic fertilizer, fertilizer SP-36.
Exploring identities of novice mainland Chinese teachers in Hong Kong: Insights from teaching creative writing at primary schools across borders
Authors: Teng (Mark) Feng , YIP Jesse W. C.
Published: June 2019

This study, drawing upon data triangulated from interviews, classroom research reports, and school documents, sheds light on how cross-border teachers from mainland China to Hong Kong construct and negotiate their identities when teaching English creative writing. Using identity control theory (ICT) this study examines discursive and complex identity development and reveals contextual and interpersonal factors that hinder identity construction among teachers of English creative writing. Factors include isolation from local colleagues, failure to integrate into the host community due to cultural and linguistic differences, standardized school instruction, heavy workloads, students’ distrust, and students’ low English proficiency. Cross-border teachers were found to experience negative emotions including stress, anger, and unease due to failed teacher identity verification in a new land. This study contributes to theoretical knowledge of ICT, suggesting inaction and secondary emotions as outcomes of the incongruence between the meanings of identity standard and input. Relevant theoretical and pedagogical implications are also discussed.
Lessons learned about humor from J.C.H. Davies and examples in his home collection
Authors: Abe Goh
Published: June 2019

This essay starts with a story about Christie’s collections at his home from around the world that he collected during his field research. The postcard from Australia on an Aussie Gentlemen fits into his description of Australians in the jokes as “coarse Australians”. Christie explained the Essexgirl jokes in London and I learned the importance of contexts hidden behind the jokes such as socio-cultural characteristics, mobility and social division in UK. Christie’s analysis of the Japanese jokes about stupidity revealed the prototype of ethnic jokes in Japan.From the episode at his home in Reading I will reflect on his father’s influence on his humor research.
The Chinese as targets in Polish humorous discourse
Authors: Brzozowska Dorota , Chłopicki Władysław
Published: June 2019

The paper discusses contemporary Polish humor which features references to Chinese language and culture. Together with the ideological, political, financial and economic visibility of China, its presence in Polish humorous discourse is on the rise. Jokes, cabaret sketches and visual materials, such as memes, more and more frequently use the Chinese as targets for entertaining the audience. The article will analyze the instances of Polish humorous discourse (largely Internet memes) to show which are the most frequent specific stereotypes about the Chinese and how that relates to Davies’s models of target choice. The results suggest that Polish humor about the Chinese as an untypical case of center-periphery relations constitutes an extension of Davies’s model in that Poles see the Chinese as both comically “stupid” and “clever”. The specific comic scripts evoked by the humorous material include not only that of cheap Chinese products, incomprehensible language or proverbs and unrecognizability of the Chinese people from other Asians (all considered scripts of a periphery), but also of the huge population and high sophistication of Chinese civilization (perceived as a center). Some of our humor material, however, is better explained using Davies’s monopoly-competition model due to references to authoritarian leaders.
Severe, persistent neonatal hypoglycemia as a presenting feature in patients with congenital hypopituitarism: a review of our case series
Authors: Mehta Shilpa , Brar Preneet Cheema
Published: June 2019

Background

Persistent hypoglycemia (PH) beyond 3 days of life warrants investigation which includes a critical sample. We report our case series of five neonates who presented with PH as the first sign of congenital hypopituitarism.

Design

This is a case series.

Methods/Results

This is a case series of five neonates evaluated at our academic institution in a 3-year period (2013–2016), who presented with persistent severe hypoglycemia and were subsequently diagnosed with congenital hypopituitarism. All neonates were full term (mean gestational age 39.8 ± 1.4 weeks) born by caesarian section with a mean weight of 3.5 ± 0.16 kg and a mean length of 51.2 ± 1.2 cm at birth. All five neonates had PH beyond 3 days with an average blood glucose (BG) <35 mg/dL at presentation, requiring a mean glucose infusion rate (GIR) of 7.22 ± 1.98 mg/kg/min. The average BG during the critical sample was 42 ± 0.16 mg/dL (three patients). The mean duration of requirement of the glucose infusion was 6.2 ± 3 days during the immediate neonatal period. Diagnosis of the hypopituitarism took 2–52 days from the initial presentation of hypoglycemia. Besides growth hormone (GH) deficiency, cortisol deficiency was diagnosed in all the five neonates. Neuroimaging findings in all the neonates were consistent with pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (hypoplastic anterior pituitary, ectopic posterior pituitary [EPP] and interrupted pituitary stalk).

Conclusions

Hypoglycemia is a common metabolic complication affecting an infant in the immediate neonatal period. Delay in the diagnosis of hypopituitarism presenting as hypoglycemia is the result of the lack of awareness among neonatologists and/or pediatricians. We propose that providers be cognizant that PH can be the only presentation of hypopituitarism in the neonatal period. Therefore, having a high index of suspicion about this condition can avoid a delay in the evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of hypopituitarism.
Chemical effects of nuclear transformations and possible formation of unknown derivatives with N-phenylquinazolinium structure
Authors: Shchepina Nadezhda E. , Avrorin Viktor V. , Badun Gennadii A. , Shurov Sergey N. , Shchepin Roman V.
Published: June 2019

Quinazoline derivatives are well known to have a diverse array of therapeutic activities. Unfortunately, “classic” chemical synthesis does not provide an opportunity for the formation of N-phenyl quaternary 1,3-diazinium compounds. A devised nuclear-chemical method of synthesis based on chemical effects of nuclear transformations enables a new way of the direct nitrogen atom phenylation by the nucleogenic (generated by tritium β-decay) phenyl cations in 1,3-diazines, furnishing, based on our prediction, formation of previously unknown derivatives with N-phenyl quaternary quinazolinium scaffold.
Effect of maleic anhydride content on physico-mechanical properties of γ-irradiated waste polypropylene/corn husk fibers bio-composites
Authors: EL-Zayat Mai M. , Mohamed Maysa A. , Shaltout Nawal A.
Published: June 2019

Biocomposites of waste polypropylene (wPP) with 20 phr (part per 100 parts of [wPP]) corn husk fibers (CHF) as bio-filler were prepared for environmental aspect. Maleic anhydride (MAH) was used, with 5, 10 phr concentration as compatabilizer was carried out. The obtained biocomposites were irradiated by γ radiation ranging from 5 to 25 kGy. Mechanical, physical and thermal properties of the biocomposites were studied to evaluate the effect of CHF addition on the properties of obtained composites. It has been found that there is deterioration in all properties. However, by the addition of MAH, the former properties were improved. The obtained results were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
The study of drug resistance properties of ABCG2 (ATP-binding cassette G2) in contact with thymoquinone, gallic acid, and hesperetin antioxidants
Authors: Saffari_Chaleshtori Javad , Shafiee Sayed Mohammad , Ghatreh-Samani Keihan , Jalilian Narges
Published: June 2019

Introduction: ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are a group of intra membrane proteins that play key roles in the transmission and exchange of vital compounds on both sides of the membrane. These proteins can specially transport anti-cancer drugs out of cancer cells. ABCG2 is a member of this family that is extremely expressed in many cancers. This study, aims to evaluate the binding affinity of three antioxidants thymoquinone (TQ), gallic acid (GA), and hesperetin (HP) to ABCG2 compared with an anti-cancer drug, mitoxantrone (Mit), to export cells. Methods: The PDB file of ABCG2 was obtained from the protein data bank server (http://www.rcsb.org) with ID: 5NJ3. After 200 stages of molecular docking running on ABCG2 protein in AutoDock v.4.2 software, the amino acids involved in the binding site of each compound were identified using the LigPlot+ software. Results: HP had the lowest (-6.36 kcal/mol) and GA had the highest (-3.93 kcal/mol) binding energy in comparison with Mit (-0.06 kcal/mol) for binding to ABCG2. Effective concentration required to perform the reaction between ABCG2 was higher in GA (1.31 mM) than TQ (42.69 μM) and HP (21.74 μM). GA, HP, and TQ formed 17, 18, and 22 hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds at the binding site of ABCG2. Conclusion: It seems that GA has the lowest affinity to make contact with ABCG2 binding site. So, GA tends to remain in the cell but TQ and HP tend to leave the cell easily via ABCG2 transporter.
Nephroprotective effect of silymarin against diclofenac induced renal damage and oxidative stress in male rats
Authors: Nouri Ali , Heidarian Esfandiar
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Diclofenac (DIC), a phenylacetic acid compound which belongs to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), is generally used for the treatment of various diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, acute muscle pain conditions and osteoarthritis. Overdose of DIC can lead to renal injuries in both experimental animal and human. Our research was done to assess the protective role of silymarin on renal damage induced by DIC in rats. Methods: Thirty-two Wistar rats were assigned to four groups (n=8/group). Group 1 was control group; animals in group 2 were administrated DIC; Groups 3 and 4 administrated DIC plus silymarin with doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, orally (p.o), respectively. Various biochemical, molecular, and histological parameters were evaluated in serum and tissue homogenate. Results: In the second group, the levels of kidney catalase (CAT), vitamin C and superoxide dismutase (SOD) remarkably reduced (P < 0.05) relative to the control group. Also, urea, creatinine (Cr), malondialdehyde (MDA), serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and gene expression of TNF-α in this group were noticeably elevated (P < 0.05) relative to the control group. Treatment with silymarin caused a remarkable elevation (P < 0.05) in vitamin C, SOD, CAT and a remarkable reduction (P < 0.05) in the content of MDA, urea, Cr, TNF-α gene expression and serum TNF-α in comparison with second group. Histological injuries were also ameliorated by silymarin administration. Conclusion: The results confirm that silymarin has an ameliorative role against renal damage and oxidative stress induced by DIC in male rats.
Effect of Achillea millefolium aqueous extract on memory deficit and anxiety caused by stroke in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Pirzad Jahromi Gila , Imani Esmail , Nasehi Mohammad , Shahriari Alireza
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Some studies indicated that the decrease of estrogen level in menopausal woman results in increasing the risk of stroke. Although estrogen is a neuroprotective factor, high consumption of this compound may develop breast cancer and endometriosis. The present study investigated the effect of Achilles millefolium extract, containing estrogenlike compounds, on memory impairment and anxiogenic-like behaviors caused by cerebral ischemia in ovariectomized rats. Methods: Permanent middle cerebral artery ligation was performed, as a model for studying postmenopausal condition, in 48 female Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g. The aqueous extract of A. millefolium was prepared and gavaged for 4 weeks after inducing cerebral ischemia. Memory and anxiety-like behavior assessments were evaluated by step-through and elevated plus maze apparatus, respectively. Result: According to the results, cerebral ischemia in ovariectomized rats induced amnesia and anxiogenic-like behaviors which were restored by 7 mg/kg of A. millefolium aqueous extract. Furthermore, inactivation of estrogen receptors (ERs) by tamoxifen (100 µg/kg, intraperitoneally) blocked the restoration effect of A. millefolium on behaviors induced by cerebral ischemia. Conclusion: It could be concluded that, oral administration of A. millefolium extract is able to restore memory impairment and anxiogenic-like behaviors induced by ischemia via ERs in ovariectomized rat.
Dysregulation of the placental renin–angiotensin system in human fetal growth restriction
Authors: Delforce Sarah J , Lumbers Eugenie R , Ellery Stacey J , Murthi Padma , Pringle Kirsty G
Published: June 2019

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a pregnancy complication wherein the foetus fails to reach its growth potential. The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is a critical regulator of placental function, controlling trophoblast proliferation, angiogenesis and blood flow. The RAS significantly influences uteroplacental blood flow through the balance of its vasoconstrictive and vasodilatory pathways. Although the RAS is known to be dysregulated in placentae from women with preeclampsia, the expression of the RAS has not yet been studied in pregnancies compromised by FGR alone. This study investigated the mRNA expression and protein levels of RAS components in placentae from pregnancies compromised by FGR. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) mRNA levels were reduced in FGR placentae compared with control (P = 0.012 and 0.018 respectively). Neprilysin (NEP) mRNA expression was lower in FGR placentae compared with control (P = 0.004). mRNA levels of angiotensinogen (AGT) tended to be higher in FGR placentae compared with control (P = 0.090). Expression of prorenin, AGT, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) or ACE2 proteins were similar in control and FGR placentae. The renin-AGT reaction is a first order reaction so levels of expression of placental AGT determine levels of Ang II. Decreasing levels of ACE2 and/or NEP by limiting the production of Ang-(1-7), which is a vasodilator, and increasing placental Ang II levels (vasoconstrictor) may result in an imbalance between the vasoconstrictor and vasodilator arms of the placental RAS. Ultimately this dysregulation of the placental RAS could lead to reduced placental perfusion that is evident in FGR.
Una aproximación general al transhumanismo y su problematización
Authors: Terrones Rodríguez Antonio Luis
Published: June 2019

El movimiento transhumanista está despertando un gran interés en las últimas décadas con sus polémicos postulados y  cuando sus propuestas son conocidas nadie queda indiferente ante las mismas. Diversos pensadores como Jürgen Habermas, Michael Sandel, Peter Sloterdjick o Nick Bostrom han escenificado una enriquecedora discusión en torno a los postulados transhumanistas. El transhumanismo defiende una mejora de la condición humana por medio de las tecnologías más avanzadas, entre las que se encuentran la biotecnología, la nanotecnología, la inteligencia artificial, etc. Son diversas las opciones para emprender el camino transhumanista: mejora de los hijos, mejora física, cognitiva y emocional, y lucha contra el envejecimiento. Además, las tecnologías de mejoramiento de la especie generan problemáticas de tipo social y político al insertarse en contextos con identidades sociales fuertemente marcadas, desigualdad económica y discriminación ética y racial. Así pues, es fundamental invitar a una reflexión ética sobre los postulados transhumanistas.
Die Unabhängigkeit des Abschlussprüfers
Authors: Langbauer Claudia , Niggemann Felix
Published: June 2019

Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über Agency-Konflikte im Veröffentlichungsprozess von Unternehmensinformationen. Der Fokus liegt hierbei auf der Bedeutung der Unabhängigkeit des Abschlussprüfers in Bezug auf die Glaubwürdigkeit von Unternehmenspublizität. Anhand von ausgewählten Quasi-Renten Ansätzen werden Überlegungen zur Unabhängigkeit des Abschlussprüfers und zu Agency-Konflikten verdeutlicht.
Klimawandel und Finanzmarktstabilität
Authors: Weeber Joachim
Published: June 2019

Der Klimawandel ist im politischen und wirtschaftlichen Fokus. Bezogen auf den Finanzmarkt sind die Auswirkungen des Klimawandels dagegen eher ein neues Thema. Dieser Artikel zeigt zunächst die grundsätzlichen Risikokategorien auf, die mit dem Klimawandel verbunden sind. Unterschieden werden hierbei: physische Risiken, Transitionsrisiken (Risiken für Finanzmarktteilnehmer durch den Übergang auf eine emissionsarme Wirtschaft) und politische Risiken (etwa durch eine allgemeine CO2 Steuer). Die Übertragung solcher Risiken auf den Finanzmarkt kann schließlich Effekte auf drei Wirkungsebenen entfalten: Erstrundeneffekte (unmittelbare Auswirkungen vor allem durch das Eintreten physischer Risiken), Zweitrundeneffekte (Einflüsse auf Vermögenswerte der Institute) und Drittrundeneffekte (Auswirkungen auf andere Finanzmarktteilnehmer). Schließlich wird auf denkbare mikro- und makroprudenzielle Instrumente eingegangen, die zur Vermeidung systemischer Risiken für den Finanzmarkt durch den Klimawandel beitragen sollen.