bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОЦЕНКА ПРОЦЕССОВ РЕМЕДИАЦИИ НЕФТЕЗАГРЯЗНЕННЫХ ПОЧВ НА ОСНОВЕ МЕТОДА ГЛАВНЫХ КОМПОНЕНТ
Authors: Гальцова А.Д. , Романенков В.А. , Кинжаев Р.Р. , Арзамазова А.В.
Published: December 2024

Применение метода главных компонент (principal components analysis, PCA) позволило выделить набор специфических показателей, наиболее эффективно отражающих процессы восстановления нефтезагрязненных почв. Среди комплекса показателей, определяющих различия в эффективности деструкции нефти в почве и развитии биомассы растений-ремедиантов, максимальное влияние оказывают показатели, характеризующие биологические свойства почвы. Влияние агрохимических свойств сильнее проявлялось на олиготрофной торфяной почве по сравнению с черноземом типичным, что может демонстрировать различия в механизмах трансформации удобрений в разных типах почв.

Adaptation of the principal components analysis method, PCA allowed to see a set of specifi c indicators, which introduces the most effi cient way to restore oil-contaminated soils. Among this set of indicators were: determining diff erences in the eff ectiveness of oil destruction in the soil and the development of biomass of remediation plants; maximum impact of indicators; biological properties of soil. Infl uence of agrochemical indicators was displayed more on oligotrophic peat soil compared to typical chernozem, which can demonstrate diff erences in the mechanisms of fertilizer transformation in diff erent types of soils.
Testimonio anticipado como prueba fundamental, en el ámbito de delitos sexuales: Desafíos en la legislación ecuatoriana
Authors: Gencon-Cabello Joffre Edson , Rovira-Jurado Zaida Elizabeth
Published: December 2024

En Ecuador, los delitos sexuales y de género han aumentado, afectando gravemente a menores y familias. El testimonio anticipado se utiliza en estos casos para proteger a las víctimas, minimizando su revictimización sin afectar el derecho a la defensa. Aunque el testimonio anticipado es una medida para proteger a las víctimas, surgen dudas sobre su efectividad y equidad en los juicios de delitos sexuales. Se cuestiona si garantiza un juicio justo y si previene realmente la revictimización. La investigación evalúa la eficacia y repercusiones del testimonio anticipado en delitos sexuales del país, además se propone recomendaciones en el procedimiento penal para equilibrar la protección de las víctimas y los derechos del acusado en el sistema judicial. La metodología empleada combina el método exegético, para una interpretación literal de las normas en Derecho Penal, y el método de análisis de contenido, que permite analizar documentos legales de forma sistemática. Se utiliza técnicas cualitativas como la observación no estructurada y la revisión documental para explorar antecedentes, analizar contribuciones y datos de otros autores. Se concluye que es necesaria una regulación específica de procedimientos legales que permitan hacer cumplir las leyes y administrar justicia en la legislación ecuatoriana, normando la evacuación de la prueba anticipada en casos de abuso sexual para preservar su propósito excepcional y efectivo. La práctica judicial enfrenta desafíos importantes, ya que la falta de contradicción plena en el testimonio anticipado puede vulnerar el derecho a la defensa y el principio de igualdad de armas
Inverse Design of Complex Nanoparticle Heterostructures via Deep Learning on Heterogeneous Graphs
Authors: Sivonxay Eric , Attia Lucas , Spotte-Smith Evan Walter Clark , Lengeling Benjamin , Xia Xiaojing , Barter Daniel , Chan Emory , Blau Samuel
Published: December 2024

Applications of deep learning (DL) to design nanomaterials are hampered by a lack of suitable data representations and training data. We report efforts to overcome these limitations and leverage DL to optimize the nonlinear optical properties of core-shell upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs). UCNPs, which have applications in e.g., biosensing, super-resolution microscopy, and 3D printing, can emit visible and ultraviolet light from near-infrared excitations. We report the first large-scale dataset of UCNP emission spectra based on accurate but expensive kinetic Monte Carlo simulations (N > 6,000) and use this data to train a heterogeneous graph neural network (GNN) using a novel representation of UCNP nanostructure. Applying gradient-based optimization on the trained GNN, we identify structures with 6.5 times higher predicted emission under 800nm illumination than any UCNP in our training set. Our work reveals new design principles for UCNPs and presents a roadmap for DL-based inverse design of nanomaterials.
The Impact of Donor-Orientation on the Emission Properties of Chlorinated Trityl Radicals
Authors: Arnold Mona E. , Toews Robert , Schneider Lars , Schmid Jonas , Putra Miftahussurur Hamidi , Busch Michael , Gross Axel , Deschler Felix , Köhn Andreas , Kuehne Alexander J. C.
Published: December 2024

Chlorinated trityl radicals functionalized with electron-donating groups are promising red-emitting materials for optoelectronic and spintronic applications, overcoming the spin-statistical limit of conventional emitters. Donor functionalization induces charge transfer character, enhancing photoluminescence quantum yield, which depends on the donor strength and its orientation. However, donor functionalized tris(trichlorophenyl)methyl radicals show lower quantum yield than their perchlorinated derivatives, likely due to weaker donor-acceptor electronic coupling and enhanced non-radiative decay. We present a novel trityl derivative with two additional chlorines that restrict the orientation of the donor to a nearly perpendicular arrangement towards the trityl plane, minimizing vibronic coupling and non-radiative losses. Spectroscopic and computational studies reveal that this steric con-straint improves the photoluminescence quantum yield compared to the tris(trichlorophenyl)methyl analogues. These findings highlight the potential of donor-acceptor decoupling to enable efficient, red-shifted emission, offering a design strategy for high-performance radical emitters.
Metabolomic insights into balancing the trade-off between oxidation of endogenous organics and macronutrient recovery from human urine treated with Fenton’s reagent
Authors: Courtney Caitlin , Al-Saadi Abdullah , Simha Prithvi
Published: December 2024

The high concentrations of organic and inorganic compounds in human urine present both challenges and opportunities for its treatment using advanced oxidation processes. This study evaluates Fenton oxidation for selectively degrading endogenoous organic metabolites in urine while preserving critical nutrients such as urea. Using targeted metabolomics, over 200 organic metabolites were identified in acidified urine, with creatinine, citric acid, hippuric acid, and methylhistidine comprising half of the total organic metabolite load (ΣOMs = 3.23 g L⁻¹). Under optimised conditions (pH 4.0, 1:1 Fe²⁺: H₂O₂ molar ratio), 59% of ΣOMs were degraded in unconcentrated urine treated with 1 g H₂O₂ L⁻¹. Increasing the H2O2 dose in unconcentrated urine, or treating concentrated urine obtained through evaporative water removal, resulted in higher ΣOMs degradation but also increased urea oxidation, highlighting a trade-off between efficient COD removal and nutrient recovery. COD removal was 38% at pH 4.0 and 27% at pH 6.0, suggesting that Fenton oxidation could be applied to H₂O₂ stabilised urine without strict pH adjustment. Real urine differed significantly from synthetic urine, requiring five times more Fe²⁺ catalyst for complete H₂O₂ activation and reaching equilibrium within five minutes compared to two hours in synthetic urine. Organic compounds in urine scavenged Fe³⁺, forming iron-organic complexes that disrupted Fe²⁺ regeneration and contributed to iron precipitation at higher pH values. These findings demonstrate that Fenton oxidation can be optimised to achieve selective degradation of undesirable organics while preserving plant-essential nutrients in urine collected within resource-oriented sanitation systems.
Rapid Identification of γ-Butyrolactone Signalling Molecules in Diverse Actinomycetes Using Resin-Assisted Isolation and Chemoenzymatic Synthesis
Authors: Kudo Yuta , Konoki Keiichi , Yotsu-Yamashita Mari
Published: December 2024

Actinomycetes are prolific producers of secondary metabolites with diverse chemical structures and bioactivities. Secondary metabolism in actinomycetes is regulated by signalling molecules, often termed “bacterial hormones.” In Streptomyces griseus, the γ-butyrolactone (GBL) A-factor (1) acts as a critical regulator of secondary metabolism, including antibiotic streptomycin production. The widespread presence of afsA, the gene encoding A-factor synthase, suggests that GBL compounds constitute a major class of signalling molecules in actinomycetes. However, the identification of GBLs has been limited by the requirement for large-scale actinomycete cultures. This study introduces two methodologies for the rapid identification of natural GBLs. First, a resin-assisted culture method combined with MS-guided screening enabled the isolation and structural determination of GBLs (2–5) from smaller-scale cultures. Second, a chemoenzymatic synthesis method for GBLs was developed, involving a one-pot system with three in vitro enzymatic reactions. Using isolated and synthesized GBLs (10a–10l), HR-LCMS analysis was conducted on 31 strains across 10 genera of actinomycetes. Synthesized GBLs were identified in nearly half of the tested strains, including genera where GBLs were detected for the first time. The absolute configurations of the GBLs were analysed using chiral HPLC, leading to the discovery of a (3S)-form GBL (11), an enantiomer of known GBLs. This study revealed the widespread distribution and structural diversity of GBLs among actinomycetes, providing insights into their regulatory roles and potential for activating secondary metabolism that support the discovery of new natural products.
Automated Multireference Vertical Excitations for Transition Metal Compounds
Authors: Wardzala Jacob , King Daniel , Gagliardi Laura
Published: December 2024

Excited states of transition metal complexes are generally strongly correlated due to the near-degeneracy of the metal d orbitals. Consequently, electronic structure calculations of such species often necessitate multireference approaches. However, widespread use of multireference methods is hindered due to the active space selection problem, which has historically required system-specific chemical knowledge and a trial-and-error approach. Here, we address this issue with an automated method combining the approximate pair coefficient (APC) scheme for estimating orbital entropies with the discrete variational selection (DVS) approach for evaluating active space quality. We apply DVS-APC to the calculation of 67 vertical excitations in transition metal diatomics as well as to two larger complexes. We show DVS-APC generated active spaces yield NEVPT2 mean absolute errors of 0.18 eV, in line with previous accuracies obtained for organic systems, but larger than errors achieved with hand-selected active spaces (0.14 eV). If instead of using DVS we identify the best results from our trial wave functions, we find improved performance (mean absolute error of 0.1 eV) over the manually selected results. We highlight this deviation between DVS and hand selected active spaces as a possible measure of bias introduced when hand selecting active spaces. However, we find that multiconfiguration pair-density functional theory (MC-PDFT) using the tPBE and tPBE0 functionals is roughly 0.15 eV less accurate than NEVPT2 across this class of diatomic systems, potentially accounting for the decreased performance of DVS-APC, which uses MC-PDFT energies to select between active spaces. We also showcase an ability to ``down-sample'' the DVS-APC wave functions using natural orbital occupancies to achieve smaller minimal active spaces which retain the accuracy of the larger starting active spaces. Finally, DVS-APC and tPBE0 are proven to be effective when applied to modeling excited states in two larger transition metal complexes, suggesting that the transition metal diatomics may be a particular outstanding challenge for DVS-APC and MC-PDFT approaches.
Computational Design of the Molecules Exhibiting Non-Overlapping HOMO and LUMO in a Same Molecular Plane
Authors: Pu Yong-Jin
Published: December 2024

The negative energy difference between singlet and triplet excited states (ΔEST) is currently attracting significant attention; however, molecular designs remain largely confined to azaphenalene structures, as reported by Leupin and Wirz in 1980. To show a negative ΔEST, a non-overlapping HOMO and LUMO arrangement is crucial to minimize the exchange interaction in the excited state. We revisited the electronic structure of cyclazine, consisting of cyclododecahexaene ([12]annulene) and a central nitrogen atom. The 12 π-electrons of the peripheral cyclic oligoene play an important role in achieving the non-overlapping HOMO and LUMO arrangement, and the bridging by the nitrogen atom inside produces the energy difference between HOMO and LUMO while maintaining a stable planar structure. Based on these insights, we designed a set of 10 molecules in which the number of π-electrons (N) in the peripheral cyclic oligoene is 16, 20, and 24, satisfying N = 4·n (n = 4, 5, 6), and a further set of 11 molecules in which N in the peripheral cyclic oligoene is extended to 14, 18, 22, and 26, satisfying N = 4·n + 2 (n = 3, 4, 5, 6). HOMO, LUMO, and ΔEST were calculated using CIS, TD-DFT, and EOM-CCSD with the structure optimized without any symmetry constraint. Among the molecular structures with N = 4·n, only the molecules without bond alternation exhibit a non-overlapping HOMO and LUMO and a small ΔEST. In contrast, among the molecular structures with N = 4·n + 2, none of the molecules exhibit a non-overlapping HOMO and LUMO arrangement. The molecules with both N = 4·n and no bond alternation show negative ΔEST in the EOM-CCSD calculation. The findings of this study will pave the way for broader molecular designs of molecules exhibiting negative ΔEST, where the non-overlap of HOMO and LUMO is essential.
Gold(I)-catalyzed hydration reactions of diynes to access tetrasubstituted cyclohexenones
Authors: BETZER JEAN-FRANCOIS , MASSARD Théo , ARCILE Guillaume , LE GOFF Géraldine , VAN ELSLANDE Elsa
Published: December 2024

Tetrasubstituted 2-carboalkoxy-3-substituted-cyclohexenones are powerful building blocks for the synthesis of a variety of bioactive target molecules. Their preparations requires multi-steps sequence involving the use of stoichiometric quantities of various reagents, while the catalytic approaches are limitited to trisubstituted cyclohexenones. We describe here an efficient catalytic approach based on gold(I)-catalysis starting from unsymmetrical diynyl mono-ester or symmetrical diynyl di-ester substrates. The carbon chain linking the two alkyne functions can bear two or one substituent, or even be unsubstituted. Regardless of the nature of the substrates and independently of its substitution, the cyclohexenone derivatives are cleanly produced.
Antibacterial metallacarborane-peptide hybrids target membrane potential in a non-lytic mode and show resistance to proteolysis
Authors: Fink Krzysztof , Szermer-Olearnik Bożena , Kędziora Anna , Dudek Bartłomiej , Bugla-Płoskońska Gabriela , Goldeman Waldemar , Gos Michalina , Cuprych-Belter Monika , Psurski Mateusz , Migdał Paweł , Uchman Mariusz , Goszczyński Tomasz
Published: December 2024

The urgent need for innovative antibiotics has driven the exploration of unconventional chemical frameworks to combat multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Metallacarboranes, particularly 3,3'-cobalt bis(dicarbollide) (COSAN) and its iodinated derivative I-COSAN, have demonstrated promise as antimicrobial agents because of their abiotic origins, stability, low toxicity, and unique physicochemical properties. In this study, we developed and characterized a novel class of metallacarborane-peptide hybrids with amphiphilic properties designed to mimic natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). These hybrids, consisting of cationic di- and tripeptides conjugated with COSAN or I-COSAN, exhibit broad-spectrum antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. By modulating the lipophilicity and charge of the hybrids, we optimized them for high antibacterial performance and biocompatibility. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the hybrids targeted the bacterial membrane potential, causing depolarization and ATP synthesis inhibition without inducing membrane lysis. These effects were accompanied by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and structural deformation of bacterial cells. The enhanced stability of these hybrids against proteolysis further underscores their therapeutic potential. This proof-of-concept study introduces metallacarborane‒peptide hybrids as a promising new class of antimicrobial agents with broad-spectrum activity, high stability, and a nonlytic mode of action.
Analysis of calibration error of NPP shut-off valve electric drive
Authors: Lapkis A. A. , Tsykhler L. V. , Nikiforov V. N. , Egorova V. P.
Published: December 2024

The article describes the result of the research aimed at the development of a portable complex for carrying out rapid, non-disassembly diagnostics and calibration of torque limiters of motor operated valves at the place of their operation (multimedia training program). The concept and methodology of electric drive calibration at the place of its installation on the motor operated valves is described. The description of the software and hardware complex realizing this concept is given. The main test results of the complex which showed its applicability for motor operated valves diagnostics at NPPs are described. Statistical tests are performed in order to develop and certify measurement techniques. The uncertainty of the electric drive calibration result which is introduced by the calibration procedure itself is analysed. It is shown that the influence of torque sensor installed with the help of specially designed tooling between valve and electric drive is insignificant and affects only minor diagnostic parameters. Thus, the possibility of combining the operations of the basic drive testing and technical diagnostics of an electric drive has been confirmed. The obtained test results are used for the development and metrological certification of the methodology of direct and indirect torque measurement of the motor operated valves at the place of its operation
Expediciones científicas Seaflower: una década de conocimiento y conservación de nuestro Caribe insular
Authors: Cabezas Hinestroza Mario Alex
Published: December 2024

Editorial.
Evaluation of hybrid rice varieties for growth and yield traits under irrigated transplanted conditions in Lumbini Province, Nepal
Authors: Paudyal Mahesh
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the performance of early- to medium-maturing hybrid rice varieties for growth and yield traits under irrigated transplanted conditions in Lumbini Province, Nepal, and identify varieties with high yield potential and favorable agronomic traits. A field experiment was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications during the summer seasons of 2022 and 2023. Twenty-five hybrid rice varieties were tested, with Arize 6444 as the standard check. Key agronomic traits, including grain yield, tillers per plant, plant height, and thousand-grain weight, were measured and analyzed statistically. The hybrid variety LG94.2 recorded the highest average grain yield (6603 kg ha-¹), followed by SH 4613 (6338 kg ha-¹) and F1 9446 (6062.7 kg ha-¹). Thousand-grain weight (r = 0.72) and tillers per plant (r = 0.65) were positively correlated with grain yield. The findings suggest that LG94.2, SH 4613, and F1 9446 are the top-performing varieties. LG94.2 showed the best performance, with high grain yield and favorable traits, making it a strong candidate for improving rice productivity in Nepal. The study confirms that hybrid rice varieties such as LG94.2 and SH 4613 have the potential to significantly increase rice yields in Nepal's subtropical regions, offering a sustainable solution to meet the country’s rising food demand.
Hormonal efficiency and net return of BARI Tomato-4 enhanced under polytunnels during rainy summer season
Authors: Akter Ruby , Rajib Md. Mijanur Rahman , Kayesh Emrul , Rahman Md. Moshiur , Mehedi Md. Nazmul Hasan
Published: December 2024

An experiment was conducted at the department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh to evaluate the benefit cost ratio of summer tomato variety BARI tomato 4. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with 18 treatments and three replications by maintaining a spacing of 60 cm x 40 cm. It comprised of two cultivation method as main plot viz. Open cultivation (P0) and Cultivation under poly tunnel (P1) and nine levels of growth regulators as sub-plot viz. T0 (Control), T1 (GA3@30 ppm), T2 (GA3@60 ppm), T3 (NAA @30 ppm), T4 (NAA @60 ppm), T5 (MH @30 ppm), T6 (MH @60 ppm), T7 (Tomatotone @30 ppm) and T8 (Tomatotone @60 ppm). Application of growth regulators was influenced in all studied parameters over control. Majority of the parameters responded better with the increased concentration of growth regulators. Tomatotone @ 60 ppm gave the highest yield per hectare (5.38 and 20.82 t) under open and poly tunnel condition, respectively. In open and poly tunnel condition, tomatotone @ 60 ppm showed the highest profitability and benefit cost ratio 1.16: 3.19, respectively. Despite of poly tunnel was being costly to establish (41% of total input cost), but it gave 3-4 times higher economic return. Higher values in respect of economy were obtained from the plants cultivated under poly tunnel with tomatotone @60 ppm. Therefore, tomatotone @ 60 ppm can be used as potential treatment for summer tomato cultivation under open and poly tunnel conditions to get highest profitability.
Effect of technological interventions on yield gap analysis and profitability of winter onion (Allium cepa L.) varieties
Authors: Khan M. A. , Haque M. M. , Islam M. A. , Sarker R. , Rahman M. M.
Published: December 2024

The present study was conducted in growing onion through front line demonstrations (FLDs) by Spices Research Sub-Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Faridpur, Bangladesh during winter season of 2023-2024. The experiment was set up at five farmers’ fields under five villages such as Ramchandrapur, Bajarkandi, Bisnudia, Chilarkandi and Narasinghdia of Faridpur district. Under the present investigation, two high yielding recent varieties (BARI Piaz-4 and BARI Piaz-6) with improved management practices was intervened to exhibit its performance, to find out yield gaps and to assess profitability of onion. A local variety with farmers’ traditional practices was grown (as check) adjacent to the demonstration plot. The study revealed a large average yield gap (5.33 t/ha). The demonstration variety produced higher average yield (20.01 t/ha) as compared to the local variety (16.67 t/ha). The average demonstration yield was 19.97% higher than that of local variety. The technology gap and extension gap had higher in BARI Piaz-4 (2.22 & 3.66 t/ha) as compared to those of BARI Piaz-6 (1.76 & 3.01 t/ha), respectively. The technology index of BARI Piaz-4 and BARI Piaz-6 were 9.65 and 8.38%, respectively. Lower technology index proves the strength of new technology with recommended package of practices. Adoption index value of BARI Piaz-6 was higher (77.78%) than that of BARI Piaz-4 (66.66%). The demonstration varieties performed also better over control based on the quality parameters. Demonstration variety gave higher average gross return (Tk. 927770 ≅  $7731), net return (Tk. 690110 ≅ $5751) and benefit-cost ratio (3.90) over local variety (Tk. 707000 ≅ $5892, Tk. 463450 ≅ $3862 & 2.90), respectively. Considering yield, quality and profitability; farmers expressed their satisfaction to the performance of BARI Piaz-4 and BARI Piaz-6 with improved management practices. But farmers preferred BARI Piaz-6 over BARI Piaz-4 based on quality and market price of onions.
Optimum sugar syrup feeding intervals for Apis cerana Fab. during the winter dearth period in the sub-tropical area of Nepal
Authors: Khanal Dipak , Aryal Sunil , Bista Sanjaya , Kafle Kapil , Bastakoti Babita , Banjade Dhurba
Published: December 2024

The study aimed to identify the optimal sugar syrup feeding interval for honeybee colonies during the winter dearth period in subtropical region of Nepal to ensure colony survival and maintenance. The focus was on evaluating sealed brood area, sealed honey area, egg-laying activity, and pollen collection. The experiment was conducted in an apiary located in Lamjung district of Nepal. Sugar syrup (1 water: 1 sugar) was fed to honeybee colonies at intervals of 7, 10, 15, and 20-days, along with a control group. Each treatment was replicated across four replications with five beehives in each replication, and data were collected weekly. Parameters such as the sealed brood area, honey storage, egg-laying rate, and pollen cells were measured by counting eggs, pollen cells, and assessing areas covered by sealed brood and honey. Colonies fed sugar syrup at 15-days intervals exhibited the best performance across all measured parameters, including the largest sealed brood area, highest honey reserves, maximum eggs laid by the queen bee, and the most pollen cells. These results indicate that feeding at 15-days intervals supports optimal colony health and activity during low-temperature winter conditions. Feeding sugar syrup at 15-days intervals is the most effective practice for maintaining colony health, ensuring optimal honey reserves, brood production, and pollen collection during the winter dearth period in subtropical areas of Nepal. This feeding strategy is recommended for improving colony survival, maintenance, and overall performance during challenging winter conditions in subtropical region of Nepal.
Effects of different traditional ripening methods on quality and shelf life of bananas in Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Paudel Binisha , Regmi Sunil
Published: December 2024

This study evaluates the effects of traditional ripening methods on the shelf life and quality of bananas, focusing on traits like weight loss, pulp-to-peel ratio, firmness, TSS, TA, pH, and TSS/TA ratio over 10 days. The experiment is conducted in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications (control, gunny bag, rice straw, tomato, and ethephon 500 ppm). All data were collected at the horticulture lab, AFU where ripening was maintained at 23-27°C with 50-70% relative humidity. ripening was maintained at 23-27°C and 50-70% relative humidity. Significant variations in physiological weight loss (PWL %) were observed, with the highest loss in tomato (9.91%) and ethephon (11.5%), indicating faster ripening, while gunny bag (5.42%) and control (6.43%) showed the lowest. The pulp-to-peel ratio was highest for tomato (2.52) and ethephon (2.62) by Day 10. Firmness decreased across all treatments, with the lowest values in ethephon (0.82) and tomato (0.66). TSS was highest in ethephon (22.95%) and tomato (22.95%). TA was lowest in straw-wrapped bananas (0.25). TSS/TA ratios were highest for ethephon and tomato (49.05). PH decreased in most treatments, with ethephon-treated bananas having the highest pH (4.95) by Day 10. Shelf life varied, with control, gunny bag, and straw lasting over 12 days, while ethephon had the shortest shelf life of 8 days. Despite a shorter shelf life, ethephon and tomato treatments offered better sensory qualities, including softness, sweetness, and visual appeal.
Impact of varying water-logging durations at various stages of growth on mustard seed yield
Authors: Abir Syed Tanvin , Sultana Mst. Rokeya , Jolly Fahmida Akter
Published: December 2024

Waterlogging significantly affects agricultural growth and development, making it a severe constraint limiting crop production and quality. This study aims to assess the level of water tolerance of standard mustard cultivars while taking into account the influence of varied water-logging durations on mustard seed output. In this study, a randomized complete block design was used to examine the effects of water-logging on the various phases of various mustard varieties under ambient temperature and sunshine circumstances. Binasarisha-9, Binasarisha-11 and BARI Sarisha-14 were the varieties utilized in the experiment, and water-logging treatments were applied at different times of 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours at 55–60 days after sowing (DAS). Data on plant height, branches plant-1, and siliquae plant-1 were taken from 10 randomly selected plants from each plot. The maturity period was counted when 90% of siliquae matured. The seed yield of each plot was recorded after harvest. The result shows that the highest seed yield (1.51t ha-1) was found for Binasarisha-11 under water-logging conditions for 24 hours at 55-60 DAS and almost the same result on seed yield (1.46t ha-1) for Binasarisha-9 was found for the same treatment. Moderate yield at 48 hours water logging was observed whereas there was significant yield reduction for 72 hours water logging. BARI Sarisha-14, Binasarisha-9, and Binasarisha-11 yielded 4.5%, 1.38%, and 11.56% less than non-water-logged situations after 72 hours of water-logging at 55-60 DAS. However, it could be concluded that these results provide valuable insights into the effects of waterlogging on seed yield and can aid in selecting suitable mustard genotypes in flood-prone environments to mitigate the negative effects of climate change.
Screening of blackgram (Vigna mungo) genotypes for resistance to cercospora leaf spot and yield performance in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Siddhanta , Nainabasti Anjal , Bohara Sinchan , Oli Sarita , Bohara Khem Raj , Upadhyaya Kriti , Basnet Indira
Published: December 2024

This study screened 12 black gram (Vigna mungo L.) genotypes for resistance to Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) caused by Cercospora canescens. Conducted at the research plot of the Mid-West Academy and Research Institute, Tulsipur, Dang, the experiment utilized a randomized complete block design with three replications from September 2022 to January 2023. Disease severity was evaluated at 40, 47, and 54 days after sowing (DAS), with scoring based on the percentage of infected leaf area at 7-day intervals. Key disease metrics—incidence, severity, mean area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), and yield—were calculated. Results indicated no significant difference in CLS incidence among genotypes. However, significant differences in disease severity were noted at 40, 47, and 54 DAS, with AUDPC values differing across genotypes. Based on mean AUDPC values, 10 genotypes were categorized as moderately resistant, while BLG 0066-1-1 and BLG 0035-1 were moderately susceptible. BLG 0035-1 had the highest AUDPC (324.1), and BLG 0069-1 had the lowest (175). Yield varied significantly, with the highest yield (799 kg/ha) recorded for BLG 0068-2 and the lowest (495 kg/ha) for BLG 0066-1. These findings support breeding efforts targeting CLS resistance and enhanced yield in black gram.
International evidence: Supreme Audit Institution oversight and government governance roles in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 1
Authors: Awalia Dzur , Abdullah Muhammad Ikbal , Furqan Andi Chairil , Megawati Megawati
Published: December 2024

Poverty reduction is both a key goal and a prerequisite for sustainable development, requiring improved oversight and governance for lasting impact. This study examines the role of Supreme Audit Institutions (SAI) oversight and effective government governance in achieving the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 1, which focuses on poverty alleviation. This study integrates government governance, SAI oversight, and economic indicators to offer new insights into the factors influencing SDG 1 for poverty alleviation. Using multiple linear regression on data from 116 UN member countries in 2021, this study analyzes the impact of SAI oversight and government governance quality on SDG 1. Gross domestic product (GDP) and gross national income (GNI) serve as control variables to evaluate their role in poverty reduction. The findings indicate that stronger SAI oversight and improved governance significantly contribute to poverty reduction efforts aligning with SDG 1. Economic factors, including larger GDP and country classification (developed vs. developing), also show positive effects, highlighting the role of resources and governance capacity in poverty alleviation. Strengthening SAI oversight and government governance is essential to accelerate SDG 1 achievement, with theoretical and practical policy implications. Economic resources, such as GDP and GNI, are also critical in supporting sustainable poverty reduction.
MANIFESTATION OF PERFECTIONISM, SELF-CONCEPTION AND PERSONALITY TRAITS IN THE DIGITAL SPACE
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Gavrichenko Oksana V. , Kim Nadezhda B. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: December 2024

The article describes the psychological aspects of the perfectionism manifestation, self-conception and personality traits in the period of early
and middle maturity by users of social networks. The paper analyzes the digital
space of social networks focused on text and visual content. It considers the
factor of preference for a particular social network, time spent in a given digital
space per day, and characteristics related to gender and age which will manifest
in certain psychological phenomena. The study sample consisted of 102 people
who actively use social networks, aged 22 to 60 years. The results of the study
show that Instagram users (a project of Meta Platforms Inc., whose activities
are prohibited in Russia) demonstrate a lower level of socially prescribed perfectionism and sadism compared to Telegram users. According to the scales,
narcissism and self-esteem are high (inadequate), Instagram users have higher
indicators. Users who spend less than 30 minutes on social media show higher
scores on the scales of self-esteem high (inadequate) and self-esteem high (adequate) compared to those who spend more than 30 minutes on social media.
In terms of age parameter, it was found that users between 22 to 35 years of
age showed higher levels of self-centered perfectionism and others-centered
perfectionism compared to users between 36 to 60 years of age. Also, that age
group has higher scores on the self-esteem high (inadequate) and self-esteem high (adequate) scales. At the same time, the self-esteem average (adequate) of
users aged 22 to 35 is slightly lower than that of users in the older age group.
Likewise, women in the sample exhibit higher levels of perfectionism, which is
other-oriented, compared to men.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND COGNITIVE REGULATION OF EMOTIONS IN CODEPENDENT INDIVIDUALS ATTENDING SELF-HELP GROUPS
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Soboleva Maria O. , Kondratieva Irina A. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: December 2024

The relevance of the study is due to the prevalence of the codependency phenomenon. According to earlier studies, mental health disorders
occur both in people with addiction and their relatives. Basically, the issue
of addiction is considered by practitioners and researchers as a «family disease». A person suffering from codependency is usually excessively focused
on the needs and desires of another person, even to the detriment of their
own. They can force themselves to take care of, help or control another person. However, psychological support groups are focused mainly on working
with people with addictions. Psychological support groups for codependent
people allow participants to share their emotions and experiences with people
who are in a similar situation. It is important to understand the symptoms of
codependency for further correction of maladaptive behavior. The purpose
of our study was to empirically analyze the relationship between psychological well-being, cognitive regulation of emotions and psychological defenses
in people attending self-help groups for codependents. The study involved
94 people (95% women), the average age was 46 years. It was found that there
are some specifics in connections between the structures of psychological
well-being, cognitive strategies for regulating emotions, and psychological
defenses in people with different levels of psychological well-being. It was not
possible to identify differences between groups attending self-help groups for
different periods of time.
CHALLENGES OF RESEARCHING IMPOLITENESS IN MODERN COMMUNICATION
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Gomes Dias Vassili Blajenoi
Published: December 2024

The study of the basics of harmonious communication in modern
communicative interaction has gained in recent decades a serious theoretical basis
in the works of P. Brown and S. Levinson, the writings of J. Leech and other famous
linguists. However, their theories have been critically analyzed by discourse analysis
researchers J. Culpepper, G. Eelen, R. Watts, D. Bousfield and M. Locher, H. SpencerOatey, V.I. Zhelvis, S.N. Zasypkin, V.V. Leontiev, N.G. Bragina and I.A. Sharonov,
A.D. Shmelev and others. The scientific polemic has highlighted a new direction
of research, which was named “impoliteness”. The article evaluates classical and
modern scientific-theoretical provisions on the theory of impoliteness. It is revealed
that impoliteness and politeness connect aspects of the linguocultural component
of communication, their evaluation contributes to the identification of the bases of
rude communicative behavior and specific emotional coloring of communication.
Therefore, those concepts should be considered as constructs of human consciousness
and attitudes to evaluative judgments about behavior in a particular context.
Metaphor as an Object of Evaluative Metalinguistic Reflection in Internet Discourse
Authors:   Mogilev State University named after A. A. Kuleshov: Kosmonavt Str., Mogilev, Republic of Belarus, Ivanov Evgeny E. , Kurash Sergey B. ,   I. P. Shamyakin Mozyr State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2024

The article examines metaphor as an object of metalinguistic reflection in various discursive practices presented in the modern Internet space. The relevance of the study is determined by the urgent need to develop a new direction in linguistic metaphorology to study the features of non-specialized metalinguistic reflection in relation to metaphor. The purpose of the study is to identify and interpret the methods of metalinguistic reflection in relation to metaphor in the space of Russian-language Internet communication beyond the framework of special discourse (primarily philological). The material of the study is a corpus of text fragments (metalinguistic reflections in relation to metaphor), obtained by direct requests for the term metaphor in the Yandex search engine and in the National Corpus of the Russian Language. The study was conducted on the basis of an integrated approach, including semantic, contextual and interpretative analysis. As a result of the study, genre and thematic diversity of the implementation of metalinguistic reflection in relation to metaphor in Internet communication was established. The main evaluative characteristics of the terminological unit metaphor in non-specialized discursive practices of Internet communication are identified and characterized. The most typical speech means by which metalinguistic reflections in relation to metaphor are realized (the constructions “metaphor + adj”; derivatives from metaphor; individual phrases with a request for decoding a given metaphor and/or containing the interpreter’s reaction to a certain metaphor) are established and described. The paper proves that metaphor can be simultaneously used as a tool, object and method of metalinguistic reflection.
An AI-Based Sentiment Analysis Study on YouTube Contents Related to Digital Nomadism
Authors: Ayaz Zafer
Published: December 2024

In addition to traditional nomadism, digital nomadism refers to individuals who adopt location-independent work with opportunities provided by the internet and mobile technologies. Digital nomads seek others like themselves to determine their following location, often communicating or sharing experiences through social media. This study analyzes positive and negative trends in YouTube videos on “Digital Nomadism” through text analysis. Videos were categorized as positive or negative using researcher-determined phrases, resulting in 60 videos. After pre-processing, audio transcripts were converted to text and analyzed using Python’s NLTK libraries. Thematic topic inference was made using ChatGPT's NLP feature. The audience impact scores of positive and negative topics were calculated based on word frequencies. The analysis revealed that videos with titles like "freedom-flexibility-independence, travel advantage, adventure-discovery-new experiences" were described positively, and "financial difficulties, loneliness-social isolation, financial variability" negatively, had the highest audience impact. In conclusion, our suggestions on digital nomadism, which has the potential for regional development and tourism income, are presented.
ENHANCING CREATIVE THINKING SKILL IN THE HIGHER SECONDARY STUDENTS
Authors: Parmar Dipesh , Pathak Satish
Published: December 2024

The proposed study “Enhancing Creative Thinking Skill in The Higher Secondary Students" aims to evaluate the creative thinking abilities of higher secondary students. Study investigates impact of various interventions and strategies for enhancing creative thinking including creative thinking workshops, problem-solving exercises and collaborative projects on enhancing creative thinking skills. A random sample of 100 higher Secondary students from two school of Vadodara district were selected. Data was collected through pre and post intervention task and creative thinking test. Data was analysed by mean, SD and two tailed t-test, the finding shows that after the intervention the creative thinking skill scores of students show a significant improvement. The data analysis and interpretation can provide valuable insights into the creative thinking ability of higher secondary students. Appropriate steps can then be taken to enhance this important 21st century skill.
IDENTITY AT THE INTERFACE OF COLONIAL AND POSTCOLONIAL: A SHIFTING DIASPORIC PARADIGM IN HARI KUNZRU’S THE IMPRESSIONIST (2002)
Authors: Howlader Bula Rani , Shaw Janet Andrew
Published: December 2024

The protagonist of Hari Kunzru’s novel The Impressionist (2002) goes through multiple identities experiencing intercultural and cross-cultural conflicts at a difficult trajectory of history. Being a mixed-race colonial subject Pran Nath’s identity is never stable and absolute as he steers towards a self-discovery at the interface of colonial and postcolonial. The constant process of identity formation makes him a bildungsroman hero pointing out a shift in the diasporic paradigm. In the increasingly global world, the diasporic subject has come a long way from a marginalized exile to a self-neutralized hero. This paper interrogates the essentialist model of distinctive diasporic culture in the host country and argues that individual identity formation endures a difficult process even in the unique original culture of Diaspora.
Infrared treatment influence on the buckwheat groats structural and mechanical properties
Authors: Kandrokov Roman Kh. , Konko Elizaveta A. , Andreeva Alesya A.
Published: December 2024

One of the most popular grain crops is buckwheat. Buckwheat and its processed products have high digestibility, high nutritional value and low glycemic index, which is beneficial for people with diabetes mellitus types I and II. Buckwheat groats – a processed buckwheat product – are the second most popular on the market after rice. Based on the results of the studies, a technology for infrared processing of buckwheat has been developed. The presence of two areas of infrared radiation impact on buckwheat has been confirmed: the area of thermal destruction (steam formation) and the area of drying, when the water inside the product diffuses to the surface in the form of liquid and evaporates from the surface. The optimal parameters for intensive infrared processing of buckwheat have been established: radiant flux power of 32–34 kW/m², humidity of 14%, temperature of 135–140 °C; processing time of 35–40 s. It was found that the radiant flux density during IR treatment should not exceed 35 kW/m² to avoid burning of the cereal surface and deterioration of consumer qualities. It was found that the bulk density of buckwheat during IR treatment decreases by 1.6 times compared to untreated cereals. It was found that during infrared heat treatment of buckwheat, moisture evaporates, and its humidity decreases to 7.5–8.0%, which allows classifying it as a long-term storage product. It was found that during infrared treatment according to the developed method, the amount of extractive substances in buckwheat groats increases by 4 times.
Sanitary audits in public catering enterprises activities as a self-examination tool
Authors: Bortsova Ekaterina L. , Goncharova Nadezhda A. , Bortsov Semyon M.
Published: December 2024

State policy in the field of quality and safety allows for the possibility of product deviations from the requirements of regulatory documents. Risks in the field of quality and safety of food products in general and public catering services in particular were discussed for the first time after the adoption of the Federal Law "On Technical Regulation" dated December 27, 2002 N 184. In this law risk is considered as the probability of causing harm to the life or health of cit izens, the property of individuals or legal entities, state or municipal property, the environment, the life or health of animals and plants, taking into account the severity of this harm. Subsequently, due to the requirements of the tech nical regulation TR CU 021/2011 "On the safety of food products" and the updating of the Food Safety Doctrine, risks began to be considered comprehensively and systematically, starting with economic and ending with technological risks. One of the promising areas of implementation of preventive measures that can be independently carried out by economic entities is self-examination. According to the Federal Law "On state control (supervision) and municipal control in the Russian Federation", self-examination is understood as an independent assessment of compliance with mandatory requirements. This form of preventive measures is not sufficiently implemented within the framework of the responsibility of Rospotrebnadzor. Certain conditions for its implementation must be met, which are stipulated by the regulatory document: 1) self-examination is carried out in an automated mode; 2) controlled persons who have received a high assessment of their compliance with mandatory requirements; 3) the supervisory authority has the right to accept a declaration of conformity based on the results of self-examination.
Design Arte e cultura Maker: a reinterpretação do ofício cerâmico sob a ótica do designer Olivier van Herpt
Authors: Dolabella Fernanda , Dornas Adriana
Published: December 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma análise da interseção entre a tecnologia digital da impressão 3D e o design cerâmico por meio da contextualização de uma produção autoral contemporânea. Nesta abordagem, destaca-se a atual diluição de fronteiras entre arte e design que é norteada por parâmetros da cultura Maker que possibilita a autonomia de execução aliada à capacidade criativa. A pesquisa qualitativa traz fundamentação teórica - levantamento bibliográfico - combinada a um estudo de caso de uma obra híbrida, em que paradigmas do design pós-industrial são explorados tanto em termos produtivos quanto estéticos. A referência apresentada é o trabalho do designer Olivier van Herpt que inova a partir do tradicional ofício cerâmico.