bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ascorbic acid mediated Salt Tolerance in Gerbera jamesonii: A Promising Strategy for Sustainable Floriculture
Authors: Farooq Mohammed , Uzma Javeria , Dayakar Thatikayala , Pizzio Gastón Alfredo , Mamidala Praveen
Published: October 2023

Cut flowers of Gerbera jamesonii, renowned globally for their vibrant colors and extended shelf life, play a pivotal role in the flourishing floriculture industry. However, repeated fertigation in nethouses/polyhouses poses a significant challenge leading to production losses. In response to this challenge, we hypothesized that the application of Ascorbic acid (AsA), an antioxidant, in optimal concentrations could alleviate the detrimental effects of salt toxicity and enhance Gerbera production. Our objective was to investigate the impact of exogenous AsA (1.0 mM, 2.0 mM, and 4.0 mM) as a foliar spray, followed by NaCl (200 mM) treatment, across two cultivars of Gerbera: white-flowered (salt sensitive) and yellow flowered (salt tolerant) cultivars. The research employed a comprehensive approach, applying AsA and NaCl treatment to evaluate their effects on chlorophyll, proline, and total soluble protein content, MDA, H2O2, and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, APX, GR, and POD). Following exposure to 2.0 mM AsA, treated plants displayed a notable increase in chlorophyll, Proline, and soluble protein content. Concurrently, MDA and H2O2 levels, indicator of intracellular damage, exhibited a decrement, suggesting AsA's protective role against salt stress. Moreover, enhanced antioxidant Enzyme activities were observed. The application of AsA (2.0 mM) not only induced salt tolerance in Gerbera but also showed potential benefits for its overall growth and development. This study underscores the promising role of AsA in mitigating salt-induced challenges in Gerbera cultivation.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE OF AZYGOS ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, SHNYAKIN PAVEL G. , PROTOPOPOV ALEXEY V. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, BOTOV ANTON V. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, LITVINYUK NIKITA V. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, TYUMENTSEV NIKOLAY V. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, VORONKOVSKIY IVAN I. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Vascular variations in the Circle of Willis occur rather frequently and, according to some observations, are often associated with some cerebrovascular diseases. A single azygos anterior cerebral artery is characteristic of mammals but rare in humans. Increased hemodynamic loads due to the blood supply of both hemispheres by a single azygos anterior cerebral artery can lead to the formation of aneurysms in it. Aim. This study is aimed at assessing the incidence of the azygos anterior cerebral artery and its association with cerebrovascular pathology. Materials and Methods. We analyzed Russian and foreign publications on the structural variants of anterior cerebral arteries over the years 2000-2022. This period was selected due to the wide implementation of cerebral angiographic studies in those years. We also presented two cases of our clinical patients having an azygos anterior cerebral artery. Results and Discussion. According to the literature review, an azygos anterior cerebral artery occurs in 0.3-4% of cases. Azygos anterior cerebral artery is most frequently associated with the development of distal aneurysms. Thrombosis of this artery leads to bilateral ischemic foci in the medial parts of the frontal and parietal lobes. We present clinical cases of a single azygos anterior cerebral artery in patients with distal aneurysms and arteriovenous malformation. Conclusions. A single azygos anterior cerebral artery is a rare variant of the Circle of Willis structure and may predispose to the development of cerebrovascular pathology.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION AND DETECTION OF HIV INFECTION IN THE ARKHANGELSK REGION IN 2012-2021
Authors:   Northern State Medical University, KALININ ALEXEY G. , SANNIKOV ANATOLY L. ,   Northern State Medical University, KUBASOV ROMAN V. ,   Northern State Medical University, PETROVA TATIANA E. ,   Northern State Medical University, REPINA ANASTASIA A. ,   Northern State Medical University, YASAK ALINA S. ,   Northern State Medical University, MARTYNOVA NATALIA A. ,   Northern State Medical University, KUBASOVA ELENA D. ,   Northern State Medical University
Published: October 2023

Introduction. JHistory of the emergence, spread and control of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) worldwide dates back over four decades. At the same time, the problem of AIDS morbidity is still relevant. It is determined by the inability to perform specific prophylaxis. Therefore, one of the leading methods of preventing the spread of this infection is to identify its source as early as possible. Aim of this study was to assess the ten- year changes in the detectability of the immunodeficiency virus in those infected in Arkhangelsk Oblast and perform its comparative analysis with other territories, i.e., Northwestern Federal District and throughout Russia. Materials and Methods. The analysis was performed based on informational materials from medical institutions responsible for controlling the immunodeficiency virus. We studied the core morbidity indicators and the frequency of detecting positive samples both in general and in the population groups most vulnerable to infection over the past 10 years. Results. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome incidence is lower in Arkhangelsk Oblast than in most other regions of Russia. The situation with detectability, especially in high-risk groups, has improved significantly over the recent years. A conclusion is made about the role of special measures taken by regional executive authorities to prevent the occurrence and spread of the disease. The importance of community outreach was particularly emphasized regarding the issues of sanitary and hygienic epidemiological awareness, as well as control over persons in risk groups.
ANALYSIS OF PRICING FOR DRUGS MANUFACTURED IN THE URAL FEDERAL DISTRICT
Authors:   Ural State Medical University, PETROV ALEXEY L. , SHARAFIEVA ELVIRA R. ,   Ural State Medical University, NUZHINA MARIA P. ,   Ural State Medical University, GAVRILOV ANDREY S. ,   Ural State Medical University, ANDRIANOVA GALINA N. ,   Ural State Medical University
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Affordability of drugs is a determining factor of transiting to new price regulation mechanisms in the pharmaceutical market, such as reference pricing. Studying the social and economic determinants of wholesale and retail pricing in the pharmaceutical markets of various regions is of additional interest within the context of long- term transition to pharmaceutical insurance. Aim: To identify the signs of price discrimination, exemplified by some administrative-territorial entities of the Ural Federal District. Materials and Methods. A content analysis was performed regarding the aggregated offers available on the nation-wide pharmaceutical marketplace in the context of 10 drug manufacturers located in the Urals Federal District, and an assortment matrix was compiled (n=115). The assortment was analyzed using matrix-based and categorical methods of analysis, while pricing data were collected using the methods of descriptive statistics. Results and Discussion. Using the Sturges formula, interval series of prices were identified, and the variation coefficient was calculated for 115 trade names of drugs. The least variable were the lowest and highest price segments with high and low share of medicines included in the List of Vital and Essential Drugs, respectively. Two synthetic metrics were used to analyze the regional pricing features. Overall price variation was 14.6%, which suggests the presence of discriminatory pricing elements. The riskiest price segment is the range of RUB 100-200 per pack. Conclusions. Based on the findings of the pricing analysis for drugs manufactured in the regions of the Ural Federal District, the discriminatory pricing elements were found in the medium-low price segment.
Effects of Dipping and Folded Structure on Gas Production from Hydrate-Bearing Sediments
Authors: Li Yaobin , Xu Tianfu , Xin Xin , Zang Yingqi , Yu Han , Zhu Huixing , Yuan Yilong
Published: October 2023

Due to a dipping and folded structure, hydrate-bearing sediments (HBS) have obvious fluctuation characteristics, and the internal temperature and pressure of HBS are unevenly distributed. Subsequently, gas and water production of natural gas hydrate (NGH) is affected. When using a numerical simulation method to predict effectively the productivity of HBS, it is necessary to establish a conceptual model that considers the formation fluctuation. However, few reported studies accurately describe the fluctuation characteristics of HBS in numerical simulation models. Therefore, the spatial evolution of gas production, water production, and seepage parameters of each model was compared by establishing the initial temperature and pressure model of each representative model pair, using the TOUGH + HYDRATE (T + H) code for a long-time simulation; the production process of gas and water and spatial evolution of seepage parameters of each model were compared; and then the spatial evolution of gas production, water production, and seepage parameters of the different dipping/folded HBS was obtained. The spatial evolution of water production and seepage parameters for different dipping/folded HBS is obtained. (a) The dipping and folded structure had an obvious influence on the spatial distribution of the initial temperature and pressure of HBS. (b) The limits of heat supply and seepage capacity of the fluctuating HBS gave lower gas production than in horizontal HBS. There should be more emphasis on heat supply conditions and the formation of secondary hydrates. (c) The additional pore water in fluctuating HBS is not conducive to the discharge of methane. Consequently, the development of improved water blocking measures is significant for the future large-scale production of NGH.
The establishment of human embryonic stem cell lines demonstrated that chimeric embryos can self-correct
Authors: Li Chuyu , Dong Xiaohan , Xie Jiazi , Dong Juan , Gao Chao , Xia Meng , Lin Yuting , Cui Yugui , Qin Lianju , Wu Wei
Published: October 2023

Background：Low-level mosaicism is a common trait of early human development. Although mosaic embryos may lead to healthy live births, the direct effects of mosaicism are unknown. While embryo self-correction was demonstrated in mouse models, humans can only study the effects of chromosomal aberrations and blastocyst mosaicism on the early peri-implantation period by extended in vitro embryo culture up to 12 days post-fertilization.
Methods：The established culture protocols were followed to generate embryonic stem cells. The 24 high-quality mosaicism / aneuploid mosaicism blastocysts were detected by PGT-A. The isolated ICMs were seeded onto feeder-free dishes, and after 10-12 days of culture, there were six blastocyst ICM-generated stem cell clones. Cells shed during stem cell growth were harvested, and next-generation sequencing was performed on stem cells and the shed. To test pluripotency, a small number of stem cells were isolated and subcultured.
Results：The PGD status was confirmed from the results ofnext-generation sequencing of stem cell exfoliated cells and stem cells, the chimeras in five blastocysts were fully repaired while the chimera in one blastocyst was partially repaired. Simultaneously the cells were verified to have pluripotency and the ability to differentiate into three germ layers by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and in vitro differentiation analyses.
Conclusions：Human mosaicism/aneuploid mosaicism blastocysts can self-correction by eliminating chimeric cells.
The Effect of Knowledge Brokering on Cardiac Nurses' Empathy with Their Patients: A Field Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Galehdarifard Atefeh , Khademi Mojgan , Gholami Mohammad , Radfar Moloud , Ebrahimzadeh Farzad , Imani-Nasab Mohammad-Hasan
Published: October 2023

Background
Previous reports have suggested a relationship between empathetic behaviors and a reduction in cardiovascular events. However, evidence has also revealed a lack of empathy among nurses. Therefore, interventions are necessary to improve empathy among cardiac nurses.
Purpose
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of knowledge brokering on the empathy of cardiac nurses with their patients.
Methods
This field randomized controlled trial involved a total of 100 cardiac nurses who were divided into two groups: control and intervention. Participants were assigned to these groups using stratified random allocation. In the intervention group, knowledge brokering was conducted using Dobbin's seven-stage method. Data was collected using the Empathy Construct Rating Scale (ECRS), which provides an overall score ranging from +252 (well-developed empathy) to -252 (lack of empathy). The collected data was then analyzed using SPSS version 21, with a significance level set at < .05. The independent-samples t-test was used to compare mean empathy scores before the intervention, while the paired-samples t-test and the generalized linear model with an identity link function were utilized for within- and between-group comparisons after the intervention, respectively.
Results
The mean empathy change score (MECS) ± standard deviation was 22.90 ± 50.93 in the intervention group (p = .003) and 7.10 ± 60.20 in the control group (p = .408). The MECS between the study groups was compared based on the baseline empathy score (BES) (<100, ≥100). This comparison revealed that in nurses with BES ≥100, the adjusted MECS in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group (11.44 units versus -15.42 units). Conversely, in nurses with BES <100, the adjusted MECS in the intervention group was lower than the control group (52.36 units versus 65.00 units).
Conclusions
The findings of this study indicate that the effectiveness of knowledge brokering in translating empathy knowledge depends on the BES of nurses. The utilization of this intervention can enhance empathetic behaviors in cardiac nurses with a BES ≥100. This empirical study contributes to a better understanding of knowledge brokering as a novel intervention.
Modeling and statistical study of a DBN for Cloud and Cloudlet environment within IoT technologies
Authors: KORTAS Nawel
Published: October 2023

Cloud Computing plays a major role in this, in particular by making all connected devices work together. Virtual machine (VM) migration concept and the architecture of datacenters for cloud computing have a significant impact on latency and energy cost. In order to lower latency and energy usage while maintaining SLA restrictions, this work focuses on how to employ VM migration to achieve steady physical machine use. Using the novel MVMM scheduler method for virtual machine migration, we suggest modeling and statistical analysis of a Dynamic Bayesian Network for cloud and cloudlet environments within IoT technologies. It use a Dynamic Bayesian Network study to decide where and when a particular VM migrates. Indeed, to improve latency and energy consumption by limiting the number of upcoming migrations, the statistical study computes a score for each VM candidate for migration using datacenter metrics as input..
EGFRvIII overexpression causes loss of neural stem cells phenotype
Authors: Włodarczyk Aneta , Tręda Cezary , Grot Dagmara , Stoczyńska-Fidelus Ewelina , Rieske Piotr
Published: October 2023

It is now accepted that the formation of EGFRvIII, a mutated variant of EGFR, may occur early in the tumorigenesis of glioblastoma. Furthermore, it is speculated that glioblastoma may originate from neural stem cells (NSCs), and EGFRvIII itself is considered a marker of cancer stem cells. Therefore, we decided to test the hypothesis that EGFRvIII alteration can occur as the first one in NSC. We created a model of iNSc showing constitutive and induced expression of EGFRvIII. After a series of analyses, we found that EGFRvIII contributed to the loss of SOX2 and nestin - markers of NSCs in both tested models. Interestingly, however, with constitutive expression of EGFRvIII, a senescence phenomenon was observed, while expression induced by low concentrations of doxycycline increased the rate of cell proliferation. Moreover, we observed senescence in the case of high constitutive EGFRvIII expression. Thus, the results suggest that NSCs may not be the origin of glioblastoma cells, and the other cells simultaneously expressing GFAP and SOX2 should be considered the origin of glioblastoma.
Ketogenic Diet Improves Motor Function and Motor Unit Connectivity in Aged C57BL/6 Mice
Authors: Padilla Carlos J , Harris Hallie , Volek Jeff S , Clark Brian C , Arnold W. David
Published: October 2023

Objective
Pathological, age-related loss of muscle function, commonly referred to as sarcopenia, contributes to loss of mobility, impaired independence, as well as increased risk of adverse health events. Sarcopenia has been attributed to changes in both neural and muscular integrity during aging. Current treatment options are primarily limited to exercise and dietary protein fortification, but the therapeutic impact of these approaches are often inadequate. Prior work has suggested that a ketogenic diet (KD) might improve healthspan and lifespan in aging mice. Thus, we sought to investigate the effects of a KD on neuromuscular indices of sarcopenia in aged C57BL/6 mice.
Design:
A randomized, controlled pre-clinical experiment consisting of longitudinal assessments performed starting at 22-months of age (baseline) as well as 2, 6 and 10 weeks after the start of a KD vs. regular chow intervention.
Setting:
Preclinical laboratory study.
Sample size:
Thirty-six 22-month-old mice were randomized into 2 dietary groups: KD [n = 22 (13 female and 9 male)], and regular chow [n = 15 (7 female and 8 male)].
Measurements:
Measures included body mass, hindlimb and all limb grip strength, rotarod for motor performance, plantarflexion muscle contractility, motor unit number estimations (MUNE), and repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) as an index of neuromuscular junction transmission efficacy recorded from the gastrocnemius muscle. At end point, blood samples were collected to assess blood beta-hydroxybutyrate levels.
Statistical Analysis:
Two-way ANOVA mixed-effects analysis (time x diet) were performed to analyze grip, rotarod, MUNE, and muscle contractility data.
Results
Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) was significantly higher at 10 weeks in mice on a KD vs control group (0.83 ± 0.44 mmol/l versus 0.42 ± 0.21 mmol/l, η2 = 0.265, unpaired t-test, p = 0.0060). Mice on the KD intervention demonstrated significantly increased hindlimb grip strength (time x diet, p = 0.0030), all limb grip strength (time x diet, p = 0.0523), and rotarod latency to fall (time x diet, p = 0.0021). Mice treated with the KD intervention also demonstrated significantly greater MUNE (time x diet, p = 0.0064), but no difference in muscle contractility (time x diet, p = 0.5836) or RNS (time x diet, p = 0.9871).
Conclusion
KD intervention improved neuromuscular and motor function in aged mice. This pre-clinical work suggests that further research is needed to assess the efficacy and physiological effects of a KD on indices of sarcopenia.
Research capacity and culture within Allied Health Professions in the United Kingdom: A scoping review.
Authors: Karimakwenda Brighton
Published: October 2023

Background
The Allied Health Professions workforce comprises a significantly large group of National Health Service workers. There is great potential for harnessing the benefits of research in healthcare by this workforce group. A strategy for research and innovation was published to support the set ambitions of achieving a 0.9% increase in Allied Health Professions, Nursing and Midwifery research capacity by 2030. This article provides an assessment of the current knowledge of Allied Health Professions’ research capacity and culture within the United Kingdom through a systematic review of the available literature.
Methods
A scoping review was conducted between September 2022 and May 2023. The databases used were Ebsco’s CINAHL Complete, Medline and SportDiscus, Pubmed and APA PsycInfo hosted by Proquest. Covidence was used to identify 80 articles, covering a 39-year period. The articles included any of the 14 Allied Health Professions as identified within the United Kingdom and were focused on research capacity and culture issues.
Results
The studies were largely quantitative (51%) followed by qualitative (27%) and mixed methods (19%). Commonly used validated tools in the studies are the Research Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of research survey, the BARRIERS scale, the Research Capacity and Culture tool, the Edmonton Research Orientation survey, the New World Kirkpatrick Model, the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and the Victor tool. Enablers to research identified revolved around the presence of collaborations/links/networks, research support, research training/skills development, protected research time, personal factors (motivation/interest/desire/commitment), research communication and research opportunities. Reported barriers had issues to do with lack of protected time, lack of research skills/knowledge/experience, lack of support, workload/work pressures, lack of funds, sustainable research pathways, staffing, nature of working (part-time/inflexible), not being fully prepared for research from college and personal factors. Professions included in most articles were Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy, Radiography, Speech and Language Therapy, Dietetics and Podiatry.
Conclusion
This scoping review highlighted a variety of ways that have been utilised to explore research capacity and culture within Allied Health Professions in the United Kingdom. However, there is room to further develop research capacity and culture within this workforce group if the set target is to be realised.
LncRNA MACC1-AS1 induces gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cells through suppressing ferroptosis
Authors: Zheng Siming , Zhu Jiyun , Yu Zehao , Wang Xuguang , Chen Yi , Chen Kaibo , Sun Jianhong , Jiang Jianshuai
Published: October 2023

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) mortality is primarily attributed to metastasis and chemotherapy resistance. In this research, the long non-coding RNA MACC1-AS1 was studied, playing a significant role in regulating lipid oxidation processes. This regulation could further lead to the inhibition of ferroptosis induced by chemotherapeutic drugs, making it a contributing factor to gemcitabine resistance in PDA. In both gemcitabine-resistant PDA patients and mouse models, the elevated expression level of MACC1-AS1 in the tumors was noted. Additionally, overexpression of MACC1-AS1 in pancreatic cancer cells was found to enhance tolerance to gemcitabine and suppress ferroptosis. Proteomic analysis of drug-resistant pancreatic cells revealed that overexpressed MACC1-AS1 inhibited the ubiquitination degradation of residues in the protein kinase STK33 by MDM4. Furthermore, its accumulation in the cytoplasm activated STK33, further activating the ferroptosis-suppressing proteins GPX4, thereby counteracting gemcitabine-induced cellular oxidative damage. These findings suggested that the long non-coding RNA MACC1-AS1 could play a significant role in the ability of pancreatic cancer cells to evade iron-mediated ferroptosis induced by gemcitabine. This discovery holds promise for developing clinical therapeutic strategies to combat chemotherapy resistance in pancreatic cancer.
Release the crackin': The influence of brittle behavior on gas retention in crystal-rich magma
Authors: Herbst Thomas , Whittington Alan , Pistone Mattia , Schiffbauer James D , Selly Tara
Published: October 2023

Crystal-rich silicic lavas commonly erupt from hazardous lava dome-forming volcanoes, characterized by both effusive and explosive eruptions. Magma explosivity is inherently dependent on its ability to store pressurized gas, which can be released through permeable pathways like fractures or connected bubbles, yet the role crystals play in regulating gas escape is poorly constrained in crystal-rich systems. We explored the gas storage capacity and outgassing efficiency of crystal-rich magmas through experimental vesiculation of hydrous dacite samples containing crystal volume fractions (\({\varphi }_{x}\)) between 0.5 and 0.8. The maximum unconnected gas volume (isolated porosity) decreases exponentially with increasing crystallinity. We quantify the relative outgassing efficiency as a function of \({\varphi }_{x}\) using changes in isolated melt porosity during open-system degassing (outgassing). Mean isolated porosity, for \({\varphi }_{x}\) = 0.5, increases from ~ 0.33 at the start of outgassing to ~ 0.67 by the end, doubling its trapped bubbles. For \({\varphi }_{x}\) = 0.7, isolated porosity increases from ~ 0.1 to ~ 0.2, implying gas retention and outgassing efficiency are strongly dependent on crystallinity. Outgassing occurs rapidly via fracturing at porosities < 0.1 when \({\varphi }_{x}\) ≥ 0.7. Fracturing and bubble coalescence are both inefficient outgassing mechanisms at \({\varphi }_{x}\) = 0.5 due to viscoelastoplastic deformation, which leads to an increase of isolated porosity. Between \({\varphi }_{x}\) of 0.5 and 0.7, samples sustained a three-fold difference in isolated porosity, implying that gas retention and eruptive behavior of crystal-rich magmas may be controlled by the onset and efficacy of crack-dominated outgassing and can be modulated by relatively small changes in crystallinity.
Prescribing trends and associated outcomes of antiepileptic drugs and other psychotropic medications in US nursing homes: A mixed-method investigation incorporating a secondary data analysis of multiple CMS datasets and a clinician survey
Authors: Winter Jonathan D. , Kerns J. William , Brandt Nicole , Simoni-Wastila Linda , Qato Danya , Sabo Roy , Petterson Stephen , Chung YoonKyung , Reves Sarah , Winter Christopher , Winter Katherine , Ewusiak Craig , Krist Alex , Elonge Eposi , Fu Yu-Hua , Etz Rebecca
Published: October 2023

Background: Pilot data suggests off-label unmonitored antiepileptic drug (AED) prescribing for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia is increasing, replacing other psychotropic medications targeted by purposeful reduction efforts. This trend accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although adverse outcomes related to this trend remain unknown, preliminary results hint harms may be increasing and concentrated in vulnerable populations.Methods and analysis: A mixed-methods study, including a retrospective secondary data analysis and a national clinician survey, will investigate 1) the appropriateness of AED and other psychotropic prescribing in US nursing homes; 2) characteristics and outcomes associated with this prescribing; and 3) how these phenomena may be changing under the combined stressors of the pandemic and medication reduction initiatives. Quantitative data analysis will draw on data elements, linked at an individual level, from CMS’s Minimum Data Set, Medicare Part D, MedPAR, Outpatient, and Public Use Files. Data will be organized into quarterly cohorts of nursing home residents for the years 2009-2021. Each cohort will incorporate individual level data including: demographics, health status, disease variables, psychotropic medication claims, comprehensive nursing home health outcomes, hospital and ER adverse events, and long-stay facility details, including staffing resources and COVID-19 statistics. To help explain and validate findings, we will conduct a national qualitative survey of nursing home prescribers regarding their knowledge and beliefs surrounding changing approaches to dementia care and associated outcomes.Discussion: This study will detail appropriate and inappropriate AED use and related outcomes in nursing homes, as well as describe disparities in long-stay sub-populations treated or not treated with psychotropics. It will delineate the impact of the pandemic in combination with national policies on dementia management and outcomes. We believe this mixed-method approach, including processes that link multiple CMS datasets at an individual level and survey relevant stakeholders, can be replicated and applied to evaluate a variety of patient-oriented questions in diverse clinical populations.Trial Registration: Pending
‘We’re Always Handed the Children’: Women Finding Belonging in Policing
Authors: Gasparini Janay M. , DeWitt Amy L.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the research was to examine whether policewomen have carved out their place and developed a sense of belonging in the profession, or whether they are faced with disrespect, self-doubt, and pressure to adopt constructed gender roles. The study employed in-depth, qualitative interviews with sixteen women police officers. Emergent themes suggested that overt discrimination and harassment is uncommon, but women do report the continued need to prove themselves. While all have carved out a place for themselves in the profession and most reported acceptance and belonging, several expressed concerns that they are pigeonholed into roles based on their gender. With nationwide challenges to recruit more women into policing, this study provides insights into ways women have integrated and the barriers they may still face.
An Eco-friendly Sustainable Plasticizer from Isosorbide and Nonanoic Acid: Synthesis and Application
Authors: Song Tao , Ren Liang , Li Wenbo , Liu Qiang , Qin Yixuan , Zhang Yueli , Wang Yaobin , Shen Yunda , Du Wennan , Zhang Mingyao
Published: October 2023

In this contribution, isosorbide dinonanoate (SDN), an environmentally sustainable plasticizer for polypropylene (PP), is successfully synthesized by virtue of esterification reaction using isosorbide and nonanoic acid with the reaction temperature of 120°C, and the reaction time of 5h. When the corporation of plasticizer S.DN into PP matrix is the value of 15phr, the impact strength of PP blends reaches 121 J/m, the dramatically increase of 384% compare to that of PP. DMA results shows that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PP blends gradually decline with the increasing amount of SDN, indicating the efficient plasticization action of the SDN. It is suggested that SDN can be feasibly inserted into the non-polar matrix and then more evenly dispersed in matrix, herein, it will increase the distance between the polymer chains, improving the mobility of the molecular chains and the processing performance of the polymers. Furthermore, the plasticizing effect and environmental friendliness of SDN can be a potential replacement for o-phenyl plasticizers in the industry in the future.
Simulating the Effect of Bagasse Ash Blended With Lime in Stabilizing Weak Subgrade Soil for Flexible Pavement: (Case Study Arbaminch Town, Ethiopia)
Authors: Gidday Bisrat Gissila , Malefia Temesgen Laibo , Gidday Biruk Gissila
Published: October 2023

Expansive clay soil can be found in various parts of Ethiopia, including Arbaminch town. However, because of its inferior quality, the use of expansive soil in road construction is restricted. Therefore, it is crucial to employ a less costly stabilizer to enhance the qualities of locally accessible materials. The overall objective of the study was to simulate a road pavement response model using lime mixed with sugarcane bagasse ash as a subgrade soil stabilizer. To stabilize expansive clay soil, varying percentages (0%–6%) of lime were used. The same procedure was followed with sugarcane bagasse ash, and the sample was then treated with different lime and sugarcane bagasse ash mix ratios of 1%:4%, 2%:3%, 3%:2%, and 4%:1% % due to sugarcane bagasse ash alone added after 4-6 % the CBR value decreased dramatically. A good result was found using 1% sugarcane bagasse ash and 4% lime. The four-day soaked CBR ratio value of subgrade soil for Nachsar campus and Woze kebele was 1.90 % and 2.12%, respectively, but it was increased to 14.50% and 13.40% with the stabilization of 1% sugarcane bagasse ash and 4% lime content. The average of natural and stabilized CBR value from both soil samples was determined in order to conduct finite element simulation with 1% sugarcane bagasse ash + 4% lime, resulting in resilient modulus of 20.77(MPa) and 144.17(MPa), respectively. The decrease in vertical compressive strain and horizontal tensile strain indicates that without stabilization, the natural subgrade layer in this simulation is less stiff.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus disease morbidity in Australian infants aged 0 to 6 months: A systematic review and evaluation
Authors: Self Alice , Buskirk Joseph Van , Clark Jayden , Cochrane Johanne Elizabeth , Knibbs Luke , Cass-Verco John , Gupta Leena
Published: October 2023

Background
To appraise and synthesise the evidence of respiratory syncytial virus infection morbidity among Australian aged 0 to 6 months, and to assess the implications for future vaccination strategies.
Methods
Electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Pubmed and Global Health) were searched in April 2023. Full-text articles published between 2000 and 2023 in English language that examined markers of disease morbidity in infants aged up to 6 months in Australia who had laboratory confirmed respiratory syncytial virus infection were eligible for inclusion. From 259 studies screened, 191 qualified for full text review, 175 were excluded based of pre-specified criteria. This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and Synthesis without meta-analysis guidelines. Quality of evidence was assessed with Critical Appraisal Skills Programme criteria.
Results
Sixteen studies from all states and territories in Australia were included. Our findings indicated that infants aged 0 to 6 months had higher respiratory syncytial virus testing, positivity and incidence rates, higher rates of hospitalisation in both general wards and intensive care units, and were more likely to require respiratory support compared to children and adults of all ages. Indigenous infants aged up to 6 months demonstrated higher respiratory syncytial virus incidence and hospitalisation, compared to non-Indigenous infants. Age-related trends persisted in geographic areas with varying respiratory syncytial virus season transmission, and also persisted despite the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Conclusions
A significant proportion of Australia’s respiratory syncytial virus-associated morbidity is accounted for by infants aged 0 to 6 months, who are particularly vulnerable to severe disease. Vaccination of women during the latter stages of pregnancy may be a cost efficient way to protect young infants who account for a disproportionate burden of severe respiratory syncytial virus disease.
N-cadherin crosstalk with integrin weakens the molecular clutch in response to surface viscosity
Authors: Salmeron-Sanchez Manuel , Barcelona-Estaje Eva , Rodrigo-Navarro Aleixandre , Genever Paul , Dalby Matthew , Roca-Cusachs Pere , Cantini Marco
Published: October 2023

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) interact with their surroundings via integrins, which link to the actin cytoskeleton and translate physical cues into biochemical signals via mechanotransduction. N-cadherins also link to the cytoskeleton and enable cell-cell communication. This crosstalk between integrins and cadherins modulate human MSC mechanotransduction and fate. Here, we explore the role of this crosstalk in the mechanosensing of viscosity using supported lipid bilayers as substrates of varying viscosity. We functionalize these lipid bilayers with an adhesion peptide from integrins (RGD) and from N-cadherins (HAVDI), and show that integrin- and cadherin-based adhesions compete, leading to an altered MSC mechanosensing response. This response is characterised by a viscosity-dependent increase in actin flow, and a decrease in adhesion size and YAP nuclear translocation when HAVDI ligation occurs. We model this competition via a modified molecular clutch model, which drives the integrin/cadherin crosstalk in response to surface viscosity, ultimately controlling MSC lineage commitment.
Magnesium sulfate protects retinal dopaminergic neurons in rats with 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Huang Leyi , Lin Renxi , Zhang Chunying , Zhang Guoheng , Qi Yuanlin , Lin Ling
Published: October 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. The main pathological features of PD are the degeneration and death of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra-striatal pathway and the accumulation of Lewy bodies in neurons. In addition to the well-known hallmark symptoms such as resting tremor and muscle rigidity, Parkinson's patients also experience non-motor symptoms such as visual disturbances, hyposmia, and sleep disturbances. At the same time, visual disturbances appear earlier than motor symptoms. The visual dysfunction in early-stage of Parkinson's disease indicates the occurrence and development of the disease. The visual dysfunction in Parkinson's disease is due to the damage of retinal dopamine neurons. This study found that magnesium sulfate supplementation can effectively delay the death of retinal dopamine neurons in 6-OHDA induced rat model of PD and improve the motor symptoms of rats with anxiety-like behavior. Therefore, magnesium sulfate may provide a new option for the early diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson's disease.
A nature-inspired nanodelivery platform for gene silencing in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells
Authors: Meel Roy van der , Hofstraat Stijn , Anbergen Tom , Zwolsman Robby , Deckers Jeroen , Elsas Yuri van , Trines Mirre , Versteeg Iris , Priem Bram , Darwish Youssef , Kleuskens Teun , Borges Francisca , Maas Rianne , Verhalle Lars , Tielemans Willem , Vader Pieter , de Jong Olivier , Teunissen Abraham , Brechbühl Eliane , Janssen Henk , Fransen Michel , de Dreu Anne , Schrijver David , Toner Yohana C. , Beldman Thijs , Netea Mihai , Mulder Willem , Kluza Ewelina
Published: October 2023

Nucleic acid therapeutics harbor great potential for silencing, expressing, or editing genes. Here, we introduce a nanodelivery platform based on natural lipoproteins, which prevents premature degradation of small interfering RNA (siRNA), ensuring its targeted and intracellular delivery to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the bone marrow. After establishing a prototype apolipoprotein lipid nanoparticle (aNP) that stably incorporates siRNA in its core, we built a comprehensive library of which we thoroughly characterized the individual aNPs’ physicochemical properties. Following the in vitro screening of all formulations, we selected eight siRNA-aNPs that are representative of the library’s diversity, and determined their capacity to silence lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) in immune cell subsets in mice, using an intravenous administration regimen. Our data show that using different aNPs, we can achieve functional gene silencing in immune cell subsets and their bone marrow progenitors. Beyond gene silencing, the aNP platform’s inherent capacity to engage immune cells provides it with considerable potential to deliver other types of nucleic acid therapeutics to HSPCs.
Data Hiding in the Multi-Cloud Environment by Product Cipher-Based Distributed Steganography
Authors: Hashmi Syed Shakeel , Mohammad Arshad Ahmad Khan , Abdul Arif Mohammad , Atheeq C , Nizamuddin Mohammad Khaja
Published: October 2023

The paper presents a highly effective steganography scheme designed to protect hidden data in the cloud. The proposed scheme addresses the challenges of concealing data in a decentralized manner while minimizing traces left behind by changing cover media. Two significant technical contributions are introduced: 1) The use of unchanged cover media as a reference for fragmented data, and 2) Leveraging multi-cloud storage to securely store the hidden message. Recent research highlights the vulnerability of retrieving secret data from multi-cloud storage, underscoring the need for a robust solution. To overcome this, a product cipher-based distributed steganography scheme is proposed, ensuring dynamic data hiding across multiple cloud platforms in a distributed manner. Unlike related steganographic work, the scheme does not rely on file modifications or the use of special characters for concealment, making it an undetectable secret distribution system. By avoiding suspicious file content, the scheme does not draw attention from potential adversaries during an inspection. The security analysis of the proposed mechanism confirms its resilience against attacks, as even with full access to all cloud accounts, an attacker cannot compute the hidden message. The scheme's security is guaranteed by the unknown key, the base encoding value, and the computational complexity required for the opponent to determine the appropriate sequence of secret distribution and file numbering. In contrast to the current approach, which is susceptible to brute-force attacks with computations substantially smaller than B!*K!*n!, the PCDS scheme provides significantly stronger security guarantees.
Cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma of fallopian tubes: a case report
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Zhou Dan , Yan Jinbowen , Zhang Bo , Meng Qingwei , Lv Qiubo
Published: October 2023

Background
Previously, such leiomyoma was rarely identified in the fallopian tubes.
Case presentation:
A female patient, aged 37, presented with a mass in the pelvic region. Ultrasonography, CT and MRI all gave the diagnosis of subserosal leiomyoma. During the surgical procedure, an enlarged right fallopian tube was observed, along with a convex, cauliflower-like vegetation in the ampulla.
Conclusions
Postoperative pathological examination indicated the presence of a cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma of the fallopian tube, which is a unique type of leiomyoma with a distinct growth pattern. It is imperative to consider the differential diagnosis and provide appropriate treatment for cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma.
Moringa oleifera Lam leaves extract and its compounds effect on the intracellular calcium release in human aortic smooth muscle cells
Authors: Jasamai Malina , Shirdashtzadeh Zohreh , Kumolosasi Endang , Fauzi Norsyahida Mohd , Said Hanif Zulkhairi Mohamad
Published: October 2023

The calcium influx and release blocking effects of Moringa oleifera Lam leaf extract and its compounds on the human aortic smooth muscle cells (HAoSMCs) were studied. The cell viability assay was carried out to determine the concentrations of M. oleifera Lam leaf extract and its compounds for the assay. The test compounds in HAoSMCs were incubated with Quin-2-AM in the presence and absence of extracellular calcium (Ca2+) and with the addition of caffeine and potassium (K+). Following treatments with amlodipine, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, kaempferol, M. oleifera leaf extract, quercetin and vicenin-2, the influx of extracellular Ca2+ into the cytosol of HAoSMCs was significantly inhibited (p <0.001). The test compounds significantly (p <0.001) decreased the concentration of cytosolic Ca2+ induced by K+ depolarisation. The test compounds also significantly (p <0.001) affected the intracellular Ca2+ metabolism, regulated by the caffeine-sensitive storage site in HAoSMCs. No synergistic effect on the decreasing cytosolic Ca2+ level was observed when the test compounds were used in combination with amlodipine. M. oleifera Lam leaf extract and its compounds may act as Ca2+ channel blockers (CCBs) and also possibility of interactions between the test compounds and amlodipine.
Influential Node Identification Method Based on Multi-Order Neighbors and Exclusive Neighborhood
Authors: Wang Feifei , Sun Zejun , Wang Guan , Sun Bohan , Chang Xinfeng , Chang Huibo , Hu Haifeng
Published: October 2023

In a complex network, identifying the influence of nodes and locating the key nodes are helpful for analyzing the network structure and determining the position of nodes to control information transmission, redistribute resources, and regulate the network. We propose an influential node identification method based on multi-order neighbors and exclusive neighborhood (MNEN) based on an analysis and investigation of the existing methods for identifying influential nodes. In the MNEN method, a node's influence is determined by two factors: the node itself, its neighboring nodes, and its exclusive neighborhood. The influence of the node itself is calculated based on its degree value and Ks value (the Ks value is obtained using the K-shell method), while the influence contribution of the neighbor node is calculated based on its degree value, Ks value, and the contribution provided by its exclusive neighbor node. To analyze the performance of the algorithm, we use the SIR model as the evaluation basis, conduct simulation experiments to validate the MNEN method, and compare the experimental results to those of other influential node identification methods. The analysis results indicate that the algorithm accurately identifies influential nodes in networks of varying scales, has a positive overall effect, and is somewhat universal.
Lifestyle modifications as part of optimizing blood pressure control: levels and obstacles among hypertensive patients at Asella Teaching Hospital, Ethiopia, a case series
Authors: Dekema Remedan Jemal , Tukeni Kedir Negesso
Published: October 2023

Background
Around the world, hypertension is a serious health issue. Hypertension left unchecked might cause difficulties. In addition to pharmacological therapy, lifestyle changes must still be adhered to as an essential aspect of care. The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors that influence how well hypertension patients at Asella Referral Hospital in South East Ethiopia adhere to lifestyle changes.
Methodology
Between September 1 and January 30 of 2021, the Asella Referral Hospital hosted this hospital-based cross-sectional study. All individuals with a diagnosis of hypertension who were being followed up on during the trial period were included. Data were gathered through the use of structured questionnaires and entered into Epi-data for analysis. The associations between the variables were investigated using chi-square tests and logistic regression models.
Results
There were 289 hypertensive patients, 48.8% of whom were men and 51.6% of whom were in the 40–59 age range. Over half (56.7%) of the participants went to primary school, and as a result, they can read and write. Nearly 40% of research participants work for themselves in the private sector, and more than 60% said their families support them in managing their hypertension. The majority of research participants (77.9%) reported poor lifestyle change adherence. Low monthly income (AOR = 2.88; 95%CI = 1.08–7.69), comorbidity, inadequate hypertension knowledge (AOR = 1.98; 95% CI = 1.06–3.69), and longer duration of hypertension (AOR = 3.35; 95% CI = 1.19–9.47), all of which were associated with poor adherence to lifestyle change.
Conclusion
Patients with hypertension in this study had poor adherence to lifestyle changes. The primary predictors of poor adherence to lifestyle changes included a lack of knowledge, low family income, a longer time horizon, and the presence of comorbidities. This emphasizes the need of raising public awareness about health issues, improving health insurance coverage, and treating co-morbidities may help people stick to making lifestyle changes that reduce morbidity and mortality while raising survival rates and quality of life.