bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma Metastatic from the Uterus to the Inferior Vena Cava and Right Atrium
Authors: Scher Daniel , Nghiem William , Aziz Salim , Rahbar Rodeen , Banks Whitney , Venbrux Anthony , Sarin Shawn
Published: November 2015

Endometrial stromal sarcoma metastases usually occur within the pelvis and rarely involve the great vessels or the heart. We present the case of a 55-year-old woman who was referred for endovascular therapy to treat presumed thrombosis of the inferior vena cava. The suspected thrombus was recalcitrant to endovascular removal with use of an AngioVac venous drainage device. Results of an intraprocedural transvenous biopsy revealed the mass to be the intravascular extension of an endometrial stromal sarcoma. The patient underwent surgical excision of the tumor, and, shortly thereafter, a hysterectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy. This complex case highlights both the rarity of malignancy masquerading as caval thrombus and the importance of multispecialty collaboration.
Primary Cardiac Lymphoma in an Immunocompetent 71-Year-Old Man
Authors: Montanaro Claudia , Loiacono Ferdinando , Fragasso Gabriele , De Cobelli Francesco , Foppoli Marco , Margonato Alberto
Published: November 2015

Isolated cardiac lymphomas are very rare, especially in immunocompetent patients. As a consequence, little is known about the best therapeutic management and about patients' outcomes in these cases. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most frequent subtype; anthracycline-based chemotherapy has been the most successful treatment. We describe the case of a primary cardiac lymphoma in an immunocompetent 71-year-old man. As of December 2015, the patient had been in clinical remission for 2 years. The most relevant literature on primary cardiac lymphoma is reported and discussed.
Multivariate Criteria Most Accurately Distinguish Cardiac from Noncardiac Causes of Dyspnea
Authors: Ahmad Mirza Nubair , Yusuf Syed Hasan , Ullah Rafath , Ahmad Mirza Mujadil , Ellis Mary K. , Yousaf Haroon , Paterick Timothy E. , Ammar Khawaja Afzal
Published: November 2015

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing provides oxygen pulse as a continuous measure of stroke volume, which is superior to other stress-testing methods in which systolic function is measured at baseline and at peak stress. However, the optimal peak oxygen pulse criterion for distinguishing cardiac from noncardiac causes of exercise limitation is unknown.

In comparing several peak oxygen pulse criteria against the clinical standard of cardiopulmonary exercise testing, we retrospectively studied 54 consecutive patients referred for cardiopulmonary exercise testing. These exercise tests included measurement of oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, breathing reserve, arterial blood gases at baseline and at peak stress, exercise electrocardiogram, heart rate, and blood pressure response. Results were blindly interpreted and patients were categorized as members either of our Cardiac Group (abnormal result secondary to cardiac causes of exercise limitation) or of our Noncardiac Group (normal or abnormal result secondary to any noncardiac cause of exercise limitation).

The accuracy of the peak oxygen pulse criteria ranged from 50% for univariate criterion (≤15 mL/beat), to 61% for oxygen pulse curve pattern, to 63% for bivariate criterion (≤15 mL/beat for men, ≤10 mL/beat for women), to as high as 81% for a multivariate criterion. All multivariate criteria outperformed oxygen pulse curve pattern, univariate, and bivariate criteria.

This is the first study to evaluate the optimal peak oxygen pulse criterion for differentiating cardiac from noncardiac causes of exercise limitation. Multivariate criteria (especially a criterion incorporating age, sex, height, and weight) should be used preferentially, as opposed to the commonly used univariate and bivariate criteria.
Multidrug-Resistant Organism Infections in Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Devices
Authors: Donahey Elisabeth E. , Polly Derek M. , Vega J. David , Lyon Marshall , Butler Javed , Nguyen Duc , Pekarek Ann , Wittersheim Kristin , Kilgo Patrick , Paciullo Christopher A.
Published: November 2015

Left ventricular assist devices improve survival prospects in patients with end-stage heart failure; however, infection complicates up to 59% of implantation cases. How many of these infections are caused by multidrug-resistant organisms is unknown. We sought to identify the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of multidrug-resistant organism infection in patients who have left ventricular assist devices.

We retrospectively evaluated the incidence of multidrug-resistant organisms and the independent risk factors associated with them in 57 patients who had permanent left ventricular assist devices implanted at our institution from May 2007 through October 2011. Outcomes included death, transplantation, device explantation, number of subsequent hospital admissions, and number of subsequent admissions related to infection. Infections were categorized in accordance with criteria from the Infectious Diseases Council of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation.

Multidrug-resistant organism infections developed in 18 of 57 patients (31.6%)—a high incidence. We found 3 independent risk factors: therapeutic goal (destination therapy vs bridging), P=0.01; body mass index, P=0.04; and exposed velour at driveline exit sites, P=0.004. We found no significant differences in mortality, transplantation, or device explantation rates; however, there was a statistically significant increase in postimplantation hospital admissions in patients with multidrug-resistant organism infection. To our knowledge, this is the first report in the medical literature concerning multidrug-resistant organism infection in patients who have permanent left ventricular assist devices.
Thrombolytic Therapy for Right-Sided Mechanical Pulmonic and Tricuspid Valves: The Largest Survival Analysis to Date
Authors: Taherkhani Maryam , Hashemi Seyed Reza , Hekmat Manouchehr , Safi Morteza , Taherkhani Adineh , Movahed Mohammad Reza
Published: November 2015

Data regarding thrombolytic treatment of right-sided mechanical valve thrombosis are almost nonexistent, and all current guidelines arise from very small case series. We retrospectively studied the in-hospital and long-term outcome data of a larger series of patients who had received, from September 2005 through June 2012, thrombolytic therapy for right-sided mechanical pulmonary valve or tricuspid valve thrombosis.

We identified 16 patients aged 8–67 years who had undergone thrombolytic therapy for definite thrombotic mechanical valve obstruction in the tricuspid or pulmonary valve position (8 in each position). All study patients except one had subtherapeutic international normalized ratios. The 8 patients with pulmonary mechanical valve thrombosis had a 100% response rate to thrombolytic therapy, and their in-hospital survival rate was also 100%. The 8 patients with tricuspid mechanical valve thrombosis had a 75% response rate to thrombolytic therapy, with an in-hospital survival rate of 87.5%. The one-year survival rate for mechanical valve thrombosis treated with thrombolytic therapy (whether pulmonary or tricuspid) was 87.5%.

On the basis of our data, we recommend that thrombolytic therapy remain the first-line therapy for right-sided mechanical valve thrombosis in adults or children—including children with complex congenital heart disease and patients with mechanical pulmonary valve thrombosis. Surgery should be reserved for patients in whom this treatment fails.
Palynostratigraphy, palynofacies and depositional environment of a lignite-bearing succession at Surkha Mine, Cambay Basin, north-western India
Authors: Monga Priyanka , Kumar Madhav , Prasad Vandana , Joshi Yogesh
Published: November 2015

The paper reports palynology and palynofacies studies of lignite-bearing sediments exposed in an opencast mine succession at Surkha, Bhavnagar District, in the coastal region of Gujarat, India. The study examined the relationships between the palynoflora, sedimentary organic matter and environment at the time of deposition of lignite and associated sediments. Based on dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy, the sedimentary succession is dated as early Eocene (Ypresian). Palynofacies studies helped reveal the palaeoenvironmental fluctuations. The dominance of angiosperm pollen grains, freshwater algae, microthyraceous fungi and a large share of land debris in the lower part of the succession suggests a freshwater swamp environment of deposition for the basal lignite facies. Two cenozones - Matanomadiasulcites maximus and Lakiapollis ovatus - were identified in the lower lignite facies, determined from the dominance of these pollen grains in the palynological assemblages. The presence of angiosperm pollen grains and pteridophyte spores in the carbonaceous shale horizon above the lignite facies indicates a change in the depositional regime from freshwater swamp to lagoonal. This was identified as the Arecipites wodehousei cenozone due to its numerical abundance in the assemblage. Dinoflagellate cyst abundance and diversity, and microforaminiferal test linings along with well-sorted terrestrial debris in the mudstone in the upper part of the succession suggest a more open marine estuarine type of depositional environment. The Homotryblium complex along with Cordospheridium fibrospinosum, Kenleyia sp., and Thalassiphora pelagica dinoflagellate cysts are the main representatives of this zone, determined as the Homotryblium tenuispinosum cenozone. The changing depositional settings (freshwater swamp-lagoonal-estuarine) along the vertical succession indicate a marine transgression in this region. Results from palynological studies of early Palaeogene successions of the Cambay and Kutch basins correlate well with the present findings.
Antiretroviral Therapy – Changes of Basic Laboratory Parameters in Hiv-Infected Bulgarian Patients
Authors: Stojanova Yancheva Nina
Published: November 2015

HIV-1 infection keeps on being a global problem because of its pandemic character and the impossibility for eradication. The combined antiretroviral therapy (АRТ) remains the only treatment which has proven its effectiveness for maintaining the life of HIV positive patients. Because of long term (life time) duration of this therapy, it is necessary to monitor patients for possible drug toxicity. The aim of our research is to evaluate the changes of basic laboratory examinations while conducting a long-term АRТ. We analyzed basic laboratory studies of 145 HIV-infected Bulgarian patients in the current research. The patients were separated into four groups according to their treatment regimen. They were on dispensary monitoring and were being treated in the Department for Patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency in the Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases “Prof. Ivan Kirov” - Sofia. Our results showed that combined ART led to changes in blood count, alanin-aminotransferase (ALT), glucose and total cholesterol. Some of these changes are significant for some of the drugs administered. The current ART does not lead to severe toxicity and life-threatening conditions such as those which were observed in the first few years of ART introduction.
Evaluation of hematological and plasma indices in grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, with reference to age, sex, and hormonal treatment
Authors: Ejraei Farshad , Ghiasi Maryam , Khara Hossein
Published: November 2015

The aim of this study was to assess the changes in hematological and plasma indices of Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val.) with regard to age, sex, and hormonal treatment. Sixty specimens of C. idella, comprising fifteen of each age (6, 12, 24, and 36 months) were used to evaluate the age factor. Additionally, 20 fish, both females and males, were designated to determine blood indices with regard to sex and hormonal treatment. The following biochemical indexes were determined in the blood plasma: glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and total protein (TP). Glucose and triglyceride levels differed significantly among ages, and significant age-related differences were noted in the values of red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). There were no significant differences in any parameters between males and females. In conclusion, our results showed that the plasma parameter profile could be affected by age (RBC, WBC, Hb, MCV, MCH, MCHC, glucose, triglycerides) and hormonal treatment (lymphocytes and eosinophils). The blood plasma biochemical and hematological profiles permitted assessing physiological state, which provided useful information for monitoring changes in the health status of the fish.
Optical glass: standards – present state and outlook
Authors: Hartmann Peter
Published: November 2015

In 1996, the international organization for standardization ISO started the standards series ISO 10110 specifying indications in drawings of optical elements. Three parts cover material properties: part 2 (stress birefringence), 3 (bubbles and inclusions), and 4 (inhomogeneity and striae). Customers used to just send optical element drawings to glass manufacturers often leading to uncertainty, overspecification, and delivery problems. The raw glass standard ISO 12123 of 2010 allows direct addressing of raw glass specifications. Harmonizing ISO 10110 with ISO 12123 and progress in inspection methods require updating of the material specifying parts. A new part 18 containing all properties is under preparation and is meant to replace parts 2–4. ISO 12123 will be amended by introducing definitions for relative partial dispersions and reference normal lines and grade denominations for tolerance ranges. The working draft ISO/WD 10110 part 18 extends indication possibilities to allow relating to ISO 12123 while ensuring backward compatibility. Default optical glass quality and direct specification of raw glass simplify tolerancing considerably. Annexes support selection of appropriate quality classes referring to optical element size categories. Test and inspection standards on chemical resistances, hardness, stress birefringence, and optical homogeneity will be maintained. Standards for water resistance, refractive index, and striae inspection are being prepared.
Towards an Efficient Approach for Automatic Medical Document Summarization
Authors: Gayathri P. , Jaisankar N.
Published: November 2015

Document summarization deals with providing condensed version of the original document. We present an extractive informative single medical document summarization approach. We compare the tokens in the sentence with cue words. A sentence ranking method is used to extract the important sentences. The existing summarizers are used for performance analysis.
Bridging the Gap between Digital Libraries and e-Learning
Authors: Dobreva Milena , Angelova Galia , Agre Gennady
Published: November 2015

Digital Libraries (DL) are offering access to a vast amount of digital content, relevant to practically all domains of human knowledge, which makes it suitable to enhance teaching and learning. Based on a systematic literature review, this article provides an overview and a gap analysis of educational use of DLs.
Secured Document Sharing Using Visual Cryptography in Cloud Data Storage
Authors: Brindha K. , Jeyanthi N.
Published: November 2015

Security has emerged as the most concerned aspect of cloud computing environment and a prime challenge for the cloud users. The stored data can be retrieved by the user whenever and wherever required. But there is no guarantee that the data stored in the cloud server has not been accessed by any unauthorized user. The current cloud framework does not allow encrypted data to be stored due to the space and storage cost. Storing secret data in an unencrypted form is vulnerable to external attacks by both illegitimate customers and a Cloud Service Provider (CSP). Traditional encryption techniques require more computation and storage space. Hence, protecting cloud data with minimal computations is the prime task. Secured Document Sharing Using Visual Cryptography (SDSUVC) technique proposes an efficient storage scheme in a cloud for storing and retrieving a document file without any mathematical computations and also ensures data confidentiality and integrity.
Antioxidant properties of fruits of raspberry
and blackberry grown in central Europe
Authors: Kostecka-Gugała Anna , Ledwożyw-Smoleń Iwona , Augustynowicz Joanna , Wyżgolik Gabriela , Kruczek Michał , Kaszycki Paweł
Published: November 2015

Fruits of several, mainly Polish cultivars of floricane- and primocane-fruiting red raspberry (Rubus idaeus), black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) and blackberry (Rubus fruticosus), grown in central Europe during two successive vegetation periods, were investigated. The content of phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins, as well as antioxidant properties of fruit extracts were analysed. A number of methods were employed: ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity involving both colorimetric and EPR spectrometric measurements. From among all the tested fruits black raspberries had the largest antioxidant capacity as verified by all methods used in this study. These berries were also the most abundant in phenolic and anthocyanin compounds. Blackberries were characterised by larger antioxidant capacity than red raspberry fruits which were accompanied by higher content of total phenolics and anthocyanins. Berries of primocane-fruiting cultivars, often used for intensive agricultural production, generally did not differ in the total phenolic and anthocyanin content as well as in the antioxidant capacity as compared to the traditional, floricane-fruiting ones. The research contributes to deep characterisation of central European berry fruits which due to their high content and large diversity of health-beneficial compounds are classified as natural functional food.
Poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles stabilised with poloxamer 188: particle size control and cytotoxic effects in cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells
Authors: Yordanov Georgi , Skrobanska Ralica , Petkova Milena
Published: November 2015

In this study, the preparation of poloxamer 188-coated poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) colloidal nanospheres of controlled size distribution and their physicochemical characterisation were investigated and their cytotoxic effects in cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells evaluated. The nanoparticles were prepared by controlled emulsion polymerisation of butyl cyanoacrylate in an aqueous medium containing poloxamer 188 as an amphiphilic non-ionic colloidal stabiliser. The colloids thus obtained were characterised by scanning electron microscopy, dynamic and electrophoretic light-scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The average size of the particles could be finely controlled within an interval between 220 nm and 290 nm by varying the concentration of the precursor and citric acid in the polymerisation medium. The particle zeta-potentials in phosphate-buffered saline were approximately -4.5 mV. FTIR and NMR data confirmed the expected composition of nanoparticles and the complete precursor polymerisation. In-vitro studies with cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells demonstrated the dose-dependent cytotoxicity of nanoparticles (IC50 ≈ 30 μg mL
Comparison of seismic sources for shallow seismic: sledgehammer and pyrotechnics
Authors: Brom Aleksander , Stan-Kłeczek Iwona
Published: November 2015

The pyrotechnic materials are one of the types of the explosives materials which produce thermal, luminous or sound effects, gas, smoke and their combination as a result of a self-sustaining chemical reaction. Therefore, pyrotechnics can be used as a seismic source that is designed to release accumulated energy in a form of seismic wave recorded by tremor sensors (geophones) after its passage through the rock mass. The aim of this paper was to determine the utility of pyrotechnics for shallow seismic engineering. The work presented comparing the conventional method of seismic wave excitation for seismic refraction method like plate and hammer and activating of firecrackers on the surface. The energy released by various sources and frequency spectra was compared for the two types of sources. The obtained results did not determine which sources gave the better results but showed very interesting aspects of using pyrotechnics in seismic measurements for example the use of pyrotechnic materials in MASW.
Experimental investigation of the ORC system in a
cogenerative domestic power plant with a scroll
expanders
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Tomasz Z. , Ihnatowicz Eugeniusz , Żywica Grzegorz , Kiciński Jan
Published: November 2015

The paper presents the results of experimental
investigations of the ORC system with two scroll expanders
which have been used as a source of electricity.
Theworking fluidwas HFE7100 – a newly engineered fluid
with a unique heat transfer and favourable environmental
properties. In the ORC system three heat exchangers were
used (evaporator, regenerator, condenser) and before expanders
the droplet separator was installed. As a source
of heat an innovative biomass boiler was used. Studies
have been carried out for the expanders worked in series
and in parallel. The paper presents the thermal and fluidflow
properties of the ORC installation for the selected flow
rates and different temperatures of the working medium.
The characteristics of output electrical power, operating
speed and vibrations for scroll expanders were also presented.
Emotional and Social Functioning of Families With a Person Addicted to Alcohol
Authors: Cudak Sławomir
Published: November 2015

Functioning of the family of a person addicted to alcohol brings many unwanted situations at home. Such family environment is endangered in many spheres of emotional and social life. Emotional tides grow weak, the dialogue between members of the family and the person addicted distinguishes. Many families, and especially children in them suffer mentally because of the lack of meeting emotional and social needs and disturbed relationships in the family. The structure and social roles of the members of the family with alcohol problem are also endangered.
Personality of the Teacher as an Important Element in the Educational Process of the Child
Authors: Jurczak Ireneusz , Jurczak Elwira
Published: November 2015

The teacher is an employee of the educational establishment, having qualified for the teaching and education of their students. In addition, in accordance with the Teacher Card, he is obliged to conscientiously carry out the tasks of teaching and educational and charitable. Teacher will call the person responsible for the conduct and coordination of work in the classroom. His job is to get to know the students and their social conditions, cooperation with parents, ensuring socio-moral attitudes, health and the organization of care and support in individual cases. The teacher educator could feel the satisfaction of relevant professional work, enjoy his progress in many areas of development, as well as the appropriate contact with parents and legal guardians must meet specific conditions relating to his personality. Emotional involvement of the teacher, his serenity, creativity and openness to children and young people, as well as their parents, triggers analogous reactions, that is, a positive attitude and the need for cognitive activity.
Women – Home Educators
Authors: Kochan Katarzyna
Published: November 2015

Homeschooling as an alternative form of education children in Poland, is becoming more popular. Over the past 20 years, the number of homeschooled children in the h in Poland has increased from a few to about three thousand. There is little research on this phenomenon. Until now only two books have been published - first by M. Budajczak and the second by M. P. Zakrzewski. There is, therefore, a need for further scientific exploration of homeschooling. As women are the ones who are mostly involved in homeschooling, even it they are helped by men, it seems to be interesting to describe a contemporary Polish home teaching women.
Health and Health Care of Medicare Beneficiaries in 2030
Authors: Gaudette Étienne , Tysinger Bryan , Cassil Alwyn , Goldman Dana P.
Published: November 2015

On Medicare’s 50th anniversary, we use the Future Elderly Model (FEM) – a microsimulation model of health and economic outcomes for older Americans – to generate a snapshot of changing Medicare demographics and spending between 2010 and 2030. During this period, the baby boomers, who began turning 65 and aging into Medicare in 2011, will drive Medicare demographic changes, swelling the estimated US population aged 65 or older from 39.7 million to 67.0 million. Among the risks for Medicare sustainability, the size of the elderly population in the future likely will have the highest impact on spending but is easiest to forecast. Population health and the proportion of the future elderly with disabilities are more uncertain, though tools such as the FEM can provide reasonable forecasts to guide policymakers. Finally, medical technology breakthroughs and their effect on longevity are most uncertain and perhaps riskiest. Policymakers will need to keep these risks in mind if Medicare is to be sustained for another 50 years. Policymakers may also want to monitor the equity of Medicare financing amid signs that the program’s progressivity is declining, resulting in higher-income people benefiting relatively more from Medicare than lower-income people.
Symplectic Lefschetz fibrations on adjoint orbits
Authors: Gasparim Elizabeth , Grama Lino , San Martin Luiz A. B.
Published: November 2015

We prove that adjoint orbits of semisimple Lie algebras have the structure
of symplectic Lefschetz fibrations.
We describe the topology of the regular and singular
fibres, in particular we calculate their middle Betti numbers.
India’s Trade Deficit with China: Will Free Trade Agreement (FTA) Work for India?
Authors: Kalirajan Kaliappa , Paudel Ramesh
Published: November 2015

Trade between India and China has been rising exponentially with a widening trade deficit for India, which has raised alarm by businesses, and some Indian parliamentarians have started accusing China for unfair trade practices. Nevertheless, both countries intend to negotiate for free trade arrangements between them based on complementarity. This study examines how much reduction in trade deficit due to different preferential trading arrangements is feasible under hypothetical full export potential scenarios using a stochastic frontier gravity model. The empirical analysis shows that India’s potential gain is high when the influence of India’s existing “behind the border” constraints are eliminated.
Synthesis, characterization and bioactivity of novel 5,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol-4- (1H)one derivatives
Authors: Wang Xian-Feng , Chen Min , Zhang Li-Zhi , Zhao Zheng , Yang Chun-Long
Published: November 2015

A series of novel 6-(sec-butyl)-3-methyl-1-(substituted phenyl)-5,6- dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol-4-(1H)ones 5a–h were synthesized using L-isoleucine methyl ester hydrochloride as the starting material. Their structures were characterized by 1H NMR, FT-IR, EI-MS and elemental analysis. Compound 5f was further analyzed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The bioassay results indicate that most of the compounds exhibit inhibitory activity against four plant pathogenic fungi Fusarium graminearum, Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia cerealis and Colletotrichum
capsici.
Triphenylphosphine catalyzed domino reaction of dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate with 3-aryl- 2-benzoylcyclopropane-1,1-dicarbonitrile
Authors: Han Ying , Guo Ling-Yue , Yan Chao-Guo
Published: November 2015

An efficient synthetic protocol for the polysubstituted cyclopropyl 2,5-dihydrofuran-3-carboxylate was developed by the triphenylphosphine catalyzed domino reaction of dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate with 3-aryl-2-benzoylcyclopropane-1,1-dicarbonitrile at room temperature. A special feature of the reaction is the retention of the cyclopropane ring.
New chromosome characteristics of the monozoic tapeworm Caryophyllaeus laticeps (Cestoda, Caryophyllidea)
Authors: Bombarová M. , Špakulová M.
Published: November 2015

The karyotype of a caryophyllidean tapeworm Caryophyllaeus laticeps (Pallas, 1781) from the freshwater bream Abramis brama (L.) caught in the Slovak part of the River Tisa, was described and originally inspected for amount of heterochromatin and its chromosome localization. The chromosome set comprised nine metacentric and one submetacentric (No. 3) pairs (2n = 20). The chromosomes were up to 12.0 ± 2.5 μm long and the mean total length of haploid genome (TLC) reached 80.6 μm that represents one of the highest yet recorded values among tapeworms. C-banding and staining with fl uorescent dyes DAPI and YOYO1 revealed a distinct banding pattern explicitly on chromosomes with centromeric bright heterochromatin bands present on all 10 chromosome pairs; no pair showed any interstitial heterochromatin. A complete course of spermatocyte meiosis and dynamics of nucleolus formation and degradation during meiotic division was described.
Parasitism and pathogenicity of curly-leaf parsley with the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica in Southern Italy
Authors: Sasanelli N. , Vovlas N. , Cantalapiedra-Navarrete C. , Lucarelli G. , Palomares-Rius J. E. , Castillo P.
Published: November 2015

Severe infections of parsley plants and soil infestations with Meloidogyne javanica during an autumn surveys for the pathogenic root-knot nematode infestations were found in Monopoli at Bari province in Southern Italy. This unusual severe infection of parsley, considered a winter crop, was possibly instigated by a very warm autumn from the previous year. Nematodes were extracted from soil samples according to the Coolen’s method. Morphological analysis (based on stylet length, tail length and shape, adult females perineal pattern, excretory pore position and Ep/stylet ratio) and molecular studies were used for the nematode characterization and identification. In the soil of infested area a severely deformed root systems were observed, showing a galling rate = 2.5 - 4 (scale 0-5) and a soil nematode population densities ranging from 350 to 2,730 eggs and J2 per 5 g of fresh root. M. javanica attack on parsley roots is a limiting factor for plant growth. Considering that curly-leaf parsley varieties resistant to the nematodes are not yet available control strategies must be focused on reduction of soil infestation level below tolerance limit of the target nematode species. Due to the higher cost and reduced availability of fumigant and non-fumigant nematicides, soil solarization, organic amendments or biological control approaches should be preferably used as alternatives.
Research Note. Pearsonema plica and Eucoleus böhmi infections and associated lesions in wolves (Canis lupus) from Italy
Authors: Mariacher A. , Eleni C. , Fico R. , Ciarrocca E. , Perrucci S.
Published: November 2015

Reports of Pearsonema plica and Eucoleus böhmi infections in wolves (Canis lupus) in Europe are limited and data on associated lesions are lacking. In the present study urinary bladders, nasal turbinates and faecal samples from 8 necropsied wolves were examined for P. plica and E. böhmi infections and associated lesions. P. plica was identified in the bladder of four wolves. At histological examination, follicular chronic cystitis and eosinophilic cystitis were found. E. böhmi nematodes and eggs were identified from the nasal turbinates and rectal faecal samples of three wolves. Worms and eggs were found embedded in the mucosa among the nasal bone laminae. Two wolves were found coinfected by P. plica and E. böhmi. This is the first report of P. plica and E. böhmi infections in wolves from Italy and the first description of pathological lesions associated with P. plica infection in wolves.
Dynamics of a Flywheel Energy Storage System Supporting a Wind Turbine Generator in a Microgrid
Authors: Nair S Gayathri , Senroy Nilanjan
Published: November 2015

Integration of an induction machine based flywheel energy storage system with a wind energy conversion system is implemented in this paper. The nonlinear and linearized models of the flywheel are studied, compared and a reduced order model of the same simulated to analyze the influence of the flywheel inertia and control in system response during a wind power change. A quantification of the relation between the inertia of the flywheel and the controller gain is obtained which allows the system to be considered as a reduced order model that is more controllable in nature. A microgrid setup comprising of the flywheel energy storage system, a two mass model of a DFIG based wind turbine generator and a reduced order model of a diesel generator is utilized to analyse the microgrid dynamics accurately in the event of frequency variations arising due to wind power change. The response of the microgrid with and without the flywheel is studied.
Characteristics and effectiveness of group support programs for informal caregivers - a systematic review / Design und Erfolg von Gruppenschulungen für pflegende Angehörige – eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit
Authors: Fink-Heitz Margit , Behrens Johann
Published: November 2015

In Germany 1,76 million people are in need of care to live at home. Most of them (1,18 mill.) receive that care from members of their own families. German informal caregiver training programs are paid for by the compulsory long term care insurance. Nevertheless there are only very few published national curricula or evaluations of training courses. Therefore we reviewed international evaluations of group support programs for informal caregivers.

Electronic databases (Medline and Cinahl) were searched for controlled trials, published in English, German or French from 2000- 2013 inclusive. The authors of this review located and scored 15 studies according to set criteria. There are five studies with more than 200 probands. These studies indicate improvement in the areas of satisfaction from the work, quality of life and level of stress. Nevertheless the admissions for nursing homes increased in one of them.

Other studies show some significant findings that could improve the mood of depression, the quality of life, empowerment and the response to behavioral disorders of their family members. It is not always possible to ascertain the indirect effects on strain, distress or social support.

As the researchers used different assessments, it is not possible to combine the results of the studies. We lack widely accepted sensitive assessment instruments and assessments, which target the contents of the courses. The studies show how caregiver training programs can be combined with other support offers.
Does the routine use of intraoperative MRI prolong progression free survival in low-grade glioma surgery? A retrospective study
Authors: Pala Andrej , König Ralph , Hlavac Michal , Wirtz Christian Rainer , Coburger Jan
Published: November 2015

Introduction: Available data imply that extent of resection (EOR) improves progression free survival (PFS) in patients harboring a low-grade glioma (LGG). Intraoperative high-field magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) is an established diagnostic tool that can detect residual tumors in LGG surgery. We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the extent of resection, clinical outcome and PFS in conventional and iMRI-based LGG resection.

Patients and methods: A total of 69 patients was assessed. Only World Health Organization (WHO) grade II LGGs were evaluated. Thirty-three patients had surgery using iMRI (2008–2013). Thirty-six patients underwent surgery before introduction of iMRI at our center (2000–2008). Demographic data, extent of resection (EOR), complication rate, overall time of surgery and progression free survival were evaluated.

Results: The majority of patients were treated for a diffuse astrocytoma in both cohorts (iMRI: 46.9%, historical (hist.): 61.1%). Extent of resection was a positive prognostic factor for longer PFS according to Cox regression multivariate analysis controlled by eloquent location, tumor recurrence and histological subtype [P<0.001, hazard ratio (HR) 0.247]. Additionally, the Cox regression showed the advantage and longer PFS of iMRI-assisted resections using the same settings (P=0.038, HR=0.378). Permanent neurological deficits (PND) after surgery were found in 12.5% (n=4) of the iMRI group and in 22.2% (n=8) of the historical group. Duration of surgery was significantly higher in the iMRI group (iMRI: 6.3 h, hist.: 4.3 h, P<0.036). However, there was no significant increase of postoperative surgical complications. Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 63.6% (n=21) of iMRI patients and 27.8% (n=10, P<0.0069) in the historical control, respectively. Binary logistic regression showed that iMRI has a significant impact on tumor remnants (P<0.001).

Conclusion: In our study we have confirmed EOR to be an important positive prognostic factor for PFS. At our center, compared to a historical group, the routine use of iMRI increases EOR and was associated with a decrease in complications. Due to a selection bias no final conclusion can be drawn as to whether the use of iMRI increases PFS.
Reconstruction of the refractive index from transmission eigenvalues for spherically stratified media
Authors: Xu Xiao-Chuan , Yang Chuan-Fu
Published: November 2015

This work deals with the interior transmission eigenvalue problem for a spherically stratified medium supported in

{
x
:

|
x
|

=
r
≤
1

}

${\{x:|x|=r\leq 1\}}$

, which can be formulated as

y
′′

+

k
2

⁢
η
⁢

(
r
)

⁢
y

=
0

${y^{\prime\prime}+{k^{2}}\eta(r)y=0}$

with boundary conditions

y
⁢

(
0
)

=
0
=

y
′

⁢

(
1
)

⁢

(

sin
⁡

k
/
k

)

-

y
⁢

(
1
)

⁢

cos
⁡
k

${{y(0)=0=y^{\prime}(1){({\sin k}/{k})}-y(1)\cos k}}$

. Based on Rundell and Sacks’s idea in [11], the inverse problem of recovering the function

η
⁢

(
r
)

${\eta(r)}$

from the spectrum of the problem in the case

∫
0
1

η
⁢

(
r
)

⁢

𝑑
r

=
1

${\int_{0}^{1}{\sqrt{\eta(r)}\,dr}=1}$

is studied. In general, it is known that for the unique determination of

η
⁢

(
r
)

${\eta(r)}$

, it is necessary to specify along with the spectrum also a constant γ which is the ratio of the characteristic determinant of the problem. We provide several algorithms for recovering

η
⁢

(
r
)

${\eta(r)}$

from the spectrum. In the first algorithm, it is supposed that the constant γ is given. In the other three algorithms, some additional conditions on

η
⁢

(
r
)

${\eta(r)}$

are supposed, which allow one to uniquely recover

η
⁢

(
r
)

${\eta(r)}$

without knowledge of γ : (i) the knowledge of the corresponding constant

c
4

:=

η
⁢

(
1
)

≠
1

${c^{4}:=\eta(1)\neq 1}$

, (ii)

η
⁢

(
1
)

=
1

${\eta(1)=1}$

and the knowledge of the corresponding constant

c
′

:=

η
′

⁢

(
1
)

≠
0

${c^{\prime}:=\eta^{\prime}(1)\neq 0}$

, and (iii)

η
⁢

(
1
)

=
1

${\eta(1)=1}$

,

η
′

⁢

(
1
)

=
0

${\eta^{\prime}(1)=0}$

, and the knowledge of the corresponding constant

c
′′

:=

η
′′

⁢

(
1
)

≠
0

${c^{\prime\prime}:=\eta^{\prime\prime}(1)\neq 0}$

.
The Application of Geobiocoenological Landscape Typology in The Modelling of Climate Change Implications
Authors: Vlčková Veronika , Buček Antonín , Machar Ivo , Daněk Tomáš , Pechanec Vilém , Brus Jan , Kilianová Helena
Published: November 2015

Geobiocoenological landscape typology, which is used in landscape planning in the Czech Republic, includes vegetation zonation of the landscape. Vegetation zones are determined by climatic conditions. Changes in climatic conditions will probably be manifested in the shift of vegetation zones in the landscape. Mathematical geobiocoenological model of vegetation zonation of the landscape is based on the general ecological relationship between the current vegetation zonation and present climatic conditions and the assumption that this general relationship will be maintained in the future. The paper presents the application of the model using the example of the prediction of changes in climatic conditions for the Norway spruce (the first-generation of the model) and grapevine (the second-generation of the model) in the Czech Republic. In the case of the Norway spruce example, the model shows that the predicted changes in climatic conditions will prevent the cultivation of the spruce in the Czech Republic outside its natural range in mountainous areas. The results of the presented model for grapevine show significant enlargement of areas climatically suitable for growing grapes within the studied area.These examples demonstrate the potential for the application of geobiocoenological landscape typology in the modeling of the effects of climate change in the landscape.
What we know and still not know about oceanic salts
Authors: Voigt Wolfgang
Published: November 2015

The term oceanic salts concerns the salts, which can be formed from solutions containing the major ions of seawater, that is the hexary system Na+, K+, Mg++, Ca++, Cl–, SO4
––H2O. Besides in geochemistry of evaporites and the potash extraction the solubility equilibria and properties of aqueous solutions containing these ions are of importance in many fields of science and technology in a wide range of temperature and composition. After a short introduction into the types of subsystems and the main features of their solubility diagrams the known salt phases, their properties and stability are listed and discussed with a focus on recent work and discoveries. The status of solubility data evaluation of the multi-component system is discussed from the view point of the data itself and the possibilities and limitations of applying thermodynamic modelling. This is demonstrated with the data compilation of Usdowski and Dietzel, the Pitzer models of Harvie, Möller and Weare as well as the model developed in the THEREDA project. Future work should be directed to improve accuracy of solubility data in multi-component solutions combined with modelling and to consider kinetics and mechanistic aspects in crystallization of phases like anhydrite or polyhalite.
Range Extension For Riccia Nipponica And Comments On The R. Crystallina Complex (Ricciaceae, Hepaticae)
Authors: Borovichev Eugene A. , Bakalin Vadim A.
Published: November 2015

For Riccia nipponica S. Hatt., previously regarded as a Japanese endemic, the paper gives the first records from the southern flank of the Russian Far East and Guizhou Province of China. These records considerably enlarge its known distribution area. New data on its morphological variability, ecology and distribution patterns are summarized and analyzed based on study of available material from East Asia. A morphological description and figures are given, with a key in table form for it and related taxa. Although closely related to the sub-cosmopolitan R. crystallina L., R. nipponica merits species rank.
First Record Of The Sino-Himalayan Species Deyeuxia Himalaica In Yunnan Province, SW China, And Three New Combinations In Calamagrostis (Poaceae, Agrostidinae)
Authors: Paszko Beata
Published: November 2015

As a result of recent studies of worldwide Agrostidinae, Deyeuxia gaoligongensis Paszko, D. himalaica Liou ex W. L. Chen and D. sorengii Paszko & W. L. Chen are here recombined as Calamagrostis gaoligongensis comb. nov., C. himalaica comb. nov. and C. sorengii comb. nov., respectively, and the first record of the Sino-Himalayan species C. himalaica from Yunnan Province, southwestern China, is reported. Calamagrostis himalaica occurs primarily in southeast Xizang, southwestern China, with a single locality recorded recently in Kachin State, Myanmar (Burma). A map with all known geographic records of C. himalaica and an image of the newly identified specimen are presented.
Problem-Solving Skills of High School Students Exercising Regularly in Sport Teams
Authors: Senduran Fatih , Amman Tayfun
Published: November 2015

In this article, the effect of regular sport activities on the problem-solving approaches performed by high school students when they encountered said problem was analyzed. Six hundred male high school students participated in the study (Mage=15.45 years, age range: 14-17 years). The Problem-Solving Inventory (PSI) was used to evaluate students’ problem-solving solutions. Student-athletes were selected from the students who took charge in school teams, exercised for 6 days a week, provided that this exercise did not exceed 1 h 30 min, and who also participated in competitions. Mann-Whitney U test, which is nonparametrictest, was used to examine two samples (athlete, & non-athlete) and Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis was used to make intergroup (branches of sport) examinations. According to the findings that were obtained, a significant difference was found among selfconfident approach values of athlete and non-athlete students (U=45.0, p=0.008). A significant difference was observed among assessor approach values of athlete and non-athlete students (U=46.2, p=0.033). The students who did sports regularly were more self-confident than those who did not do sports regularly and were of the same age when they encountered a problem, and student-athletes evaluated the phase of solving the problem and results that they obtained more carefully than those who did not do sport regularly and were of the same age. Student-athletes believed that they would solve the problem that they encountered. Further, student athletes preferred using a systematic method while solving a problem and making a decision more often than those who were not athletes and were of the same age.
UEFA EURO 2012™ in the Polish Sociopolitical Narration
Authors: Michaluk Tomasz , Pezdek Krzysztof
Published: November 2015

Sport constitutes an increasingly popular language of discourse in modern societies, providing a (formal) system of signs, which is easily used by, among others, businesses, media, public persons, and, particularly willingly, politicians. Thus, sport as a system of meanings can transfer any values, being at the same time a pragmatic way of arguing in the practice of social life. An example we analyze, are the events that took place after Poland (and Ukraine) had been chosen to be host countries of UEFA EURO 2012™, as well as those which took place during the tournament itself. In these analyses, we use the concept of semiotics and, in particular, pragmatism as well as Charles Sanders Peirce’s triadic sign relation.
Correlation between Electron Mobility and Static
Dielectric Permittivity of n-InSb
Authors: Alfaramawi K.
Published: November 2015

Direct analytical calculations of the static dielectric
permittivity-dependent electron mobility due to different
elastic scattering mechanisms for n-type InSb were
carried out. The calculated static dielectric permittivity increases
by increasing of donor concentration. The temperature
dependence of the electron mobility from 10 K up to
300 K has been demonstrated. Generally, the electron mobility
shows peak behavior in this range of temperatures.
The direct correlation between the electron mobility and
the static dielectric permittivity at 300 K was investigated.
The dependence of the electron mobility on donor concentration
was discussed both when the static dielectric permittivity
is assumed to be varying and when it is assumed
to be a constant. The difference in behavior was noticed
particularly at high donor concentrations.
Multivariate Padé Approximations For Solving
Nonlinear Diffusion Equations
Authors: Turut V.
Published: November 2015

In this paper, multivariate Padé approximation
is applied to power series solutions of nonlinear diffusion
equations. As it is seen from tables, multivariate Padé approximation
(MPA) gives reliable solutions and numerical
results.