bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Rare Pancreatic Tail Metastasis from Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma Diagnosed by EUS-FNB and a Small Review of the Literature
Authors: Stoupis Ioannis , Voudoukis Evangelos , Mastorakis Emmanouil , Kazamias Georgios , Ieromonachou Panagiotis , Pappas Charalampos
Published: April 2019

Differential diagnosis of pancreatic lesions is really challenging, especially when the patient is diagnosed with primary cancer at another site. In this case report, we managed to histologically confirm pancreatic metastasis from squamous cell lung carcinoma, which is a very rare entity, using endoscopic ultrasound fine needle biopsy.
Familial 3-Way Balanced Translocation Causes 1q43→qter Loss and 10q25.2→qter Gain in a Severely Affected Male Toddler
Authors: Córdova-Fletes Carlos , Arámbula-Meraz Eliakym , Zarazúa-Niño Ana Itzel , Madueña-Molina Jesús , Sáinz-Barraza Marbella Elizabeth , González-García Juan Ramón , León-León Christian , López-López Gabriel , Lugo-Guzmán Efraín Guadalupe , Picos-Cárdenas Verónica Judith
Published: April 2019

Constitutional complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCRs) are rare events that typically involve 2 or more chromosomes with at least 3 breakpoints and can result in normal or abnormal phenotypes depending on whether they disturb the euchromatic neighborhood. Here, we report an unusual balanced CCR involving chromosomes 1, 9, and 10 that causes an unbalanced karyotype in a severely affected toddler. The CCR was initially reported as a maternal 2-way translocation but was reclassified as a 3-way translocation after a microarray analysis of the propositus revealed the involvement of another chromosome not identified by G-banding in his phenotypically normal mother. FISH assays on maternal metaphase cells confirmed that the 1qter region of der(1) was translocated to der(10), whereas the 10qter segment was translocated to der(9), which in turn donated a segment to der(1). Subsequently, this CCR was also identified in her phenotypically normal father (the patient's grandfather). Thus, the patient inherited the previously unreported pathogenic combination of der(1) with a loss of 1q43→qter (including AKT3, ZBTB18, HNRNPU, and SMYD3) and der(9) with a gain of 10q25.2→qter (including FGFR2), leading to a compound phenotype with key features of the 1q43→qter deletion and distal 10q trisomy syndromes. Our observations suggest that the loss of SMYD3 accounts for cardiac defects in a subset of patients. Moreover, due to recurrent miscarriages in this family, our findings allowed improved genetic counseling.
Making Procurement Biopsies Important Again for Kidney Transplant Allocation
Authors: Angeletti Andrea , Cravedi Paolo
Published: April 2019

Context: Results of procurement biopsies often drive the decision to discard kidneys from deceased donors with advanced age or comorbidities. However, the criteria to perform, process, and score procurement graft biopsies are not standardized. Subject of Review: A recent retrospective, single-center study by Carpenter et al. [Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 13: 1876–1885] compared the scores obtained from 270 consecutive frozen kidney sections of biopsies at time of procurement with those of paraffin-embedded sections of biopsies at reperfusion and the correlation of both biopsy scores with graft survival. In 116 kidneys, procurement biopsies were repeated, allowing to test the reproducibility of this technique. Procurement biopsies were poorly reproducible, did not correlate with scores obtained with paraffin-embedded reperfusion biopsies, and were not significantly associated with transplant outcomes, while reperfusion biopsies provided an excellent prediction of graft survival. Based on these findings, the authors suggest “an urgent need to reexamine the role of procurement biopsies during allocation given their high resource requirements and association with discards.” Second Opinion: Carpenter’s paper is important because it emphasizes the crucial role of correct histological evaluation of kidney grafts to accurately predict their survival. In this study, procurement biopsies were frozen and read by on-call pathologists, often with no specific training in renal pathology, while reperfusion sections were paraffin embedded and scored by experienced renal pathologists at Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. This methodological difference per se represents an obvious explanation for the poor concordance between the 2 assessments. Use of wedge biopsies in procurement samples versus core-needle samples in reperfusion biopsies may further account for the discrepancies between scores even in seemingly objective measurements, such as the percentage of glomerulosclerosis. Therefore, these data should not mislead us regarding the importance of procurement biopsies to define organ suitability for transplantation. Rather, they should prompt more studies aimed at optimizing the strategies to score these samples properly for optimal organ allocation.
Gilda de Mello e Souza e a emergência do campo da moda no Brasil (1800-1990)
Authors: Prado Luís André do
Published: April 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é recompor a história de uma obra: a tese-ensaio que, em 1950, conferiu a Gilda de Mello e Souza grau de doutoramento em Ciências Sociais, situando-a no contexto acadêmico e da geração intelectual da época em que foi escrita, assim como no desenvolvimento do campo da moda no Brasil. Lançada em livro 37 anos depois, com o título O espírito das roupas - a moda no século XIX, ganhou reconhecimento e se tornou uma obra-monumento para o campo da moda ou, pelo menos, para a produção histórica da moda no Brasil. Para além de suas qualidades intrínsecas, só é possível alcançar sua significação revisitando as fontes que lhe deram sustentação, sua temporalidade e as circunstâncias que circundaram sua elaboração; sobretudo, localizando-a no âmbito da emergência do campo – conforme conceituou o sociólogo Pierre Bourdieu.
Computed Tomography–Based Indexed Aortic Annulus Size to Predict Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch
Authors: Head Stuart J. , Reardon Michael J. , Deeb G. Michael , Van Mieghem Nicolas M. , Popma Jeffrey J. , Gleason Thomas G. , Williams Mathew R. , Radhakrishnan Sam , Fremes Stephen , Oh Jae K. , Chang Yanping , Boulware Michael J. , Kappetein Arie Pieter ,   for the SURTAVI Investigators
Published: April 2019

Background:

Hemodynamic performance of prostheses after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is generally better than after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), especially in patients with a small native annulus size. However, it remains unclear whether differences are consistent for patients with a different propensity for developing prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM), considering annulus size and body size of patients.

Methods and Results:

The SURTAVI trial (Surgical Replacement and Transcatheter Aortic Implantation) compared TAVR using a self-expandable valve with SAVR in intermediate-risk patients. Multidetector computed tomography–based aortic annulus size consisted of the perimeter-derived diameter, which was divided by body surface area to produce an indexed annulus size. Patients were categorized into a small (9–12 mm/m
2
), medium (>12–14 mm/m
2
), and large (>14–18 mm/m
2
) group according to indexed annulus size. We compared TAVR and SAVR for PPM, hemodynamics, and clinical, and functional outcomes through 1-year follow-up within the size groups. Patients who underwent TAVR received a larger prosthesis with increasing indexed annulus size (
P
<0.001), while there was no difference in prosthesis size in patients who underwent SAVR (
P
=0.74). Patients in all size groups had significantly larger indexed effective orifice area and lower mean gradients at discharge after TAVR versus SAVR. Rates of PPM were significantly lower with TAVR versus SAVR in all groups (
P
<0.001) and declined with larger indexed annulus sizes with both TAVR (
P
=0.04) and SAVR (
P
=0.03). Indexed annulus size was an independent predictor of PPM after TAVR and SAVR. Clinical outcomes were comparable between TAVR and SAVR across all groups, apart from a significantly higher rate of reintervention after TAVR versus SAVR in the large indexed annulus size group (2.5% versus 0%;
P
=0.01) but without significant interaction (
P
int
=0.81).

Conclusions:

Rates of PPM were significantly lower after TAVR than after SAVR across all groups of indexed annulus size, reflecting better hemodynamic performance of transcatheter versus surgical valves, irrespective of the propensity to develop PPM. More attention should be directed to prevention of PPM after SAVR. This information should be considered by the Heart Team to recommend a specific procedure or valve.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01586910.
Combined Intrahospital Remote Ischemic Perconditioning and Postconditioning Improves Clinical Outcome in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Stiermaier Thomas , Jensen Jan-Oluf , Rommel Karl-Philipp , de Waha-Thiele Suzanne , Fuernau Georg , Desch Steffen , Thiele Holger , Eitel Ingo
Published: April 2019

Rationale:

Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) or ischemic postconditioning (PostC) may protect the myocardium from ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction.

Objective:

To determine whether combined intrahospital RIC and PostC or PostC alone in addition to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) reduce long-term clinical events after ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction.

Methods and Results:

The present study is a post hoc analysis of a prospective trial which randomized 696 ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction patients with symptoms <12 hours 1:1:1 to either combined RIC and PostC in addition to primary PCI, PostC alone in addition to primary PCI, or conventional PCI (control). Three cycles of RIC were performed by inflation of an upper arm blood pressure cuff for 5 minutes followed by deflation for 5 minutes. PostC was performed after primary PCI via 4 cycles of 30 seconds balloon occlusions followed by 30 seconds of reperfusion. Major adverse cardiac events consisting of cardiac death, reinfarction, and new congestive heart failure were assessed during long-term follow-up. Follow-up data were obtained in 97% of patients in median 3.6 years after the index event (interquartile range, 2.9–4.2 years). Major adverse cardiac events occurred in 10.2% of patients in the combined RIC and PostC group and in 16.9% in the control group (odds ratio, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.32–0.97;
P
=0.04). The difference was driven by a significantly reduced rate of new congestive heart failure in the RIC and PostC group (2.7% versus 7.8%; odds ratio, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.13–0.84;
P
=0.02). In contrast, PostC alone did not reduce major adverse cardiac events compared with controls (14.1% versus 16.9%; odds ratio, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.48–1.35;
P
=0.41), and the reduction of new congestive heart failure was not statistically significant (3.5% versus 7.8%; odds ratio, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.18–1.03;
P
=0.05).

Conclusions:

Cardioprotection by combined intrahospital RIC and PostC in addition to primary PCI significantly reduced the rate of major adverse cardiac events and new congestive heart failure after ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02158468.
Hemodynamic Mechanism of the Age-Related Increase in Pulse Pressure in Women
Authors: Li Ye , Jiang Benyu , Keehn Louise , Gu Haotian , Boguslavskyi Andrii , Cecelja Marina , Vennin Samuel , Spector Tim , Alastruey Jordi , Chowienczyk Phil
Published: April 2019

We examined the influence of arterial stiffening and ventricular ejection dynamics on the age-related increase in central pulse pressure. A total of 2033 women aged 18 to 91 years from the Twins UK cohort were studied. Aortic flow and central blood pressure were measured by Doppler sonography and carotid tonometry, respectively. Measured values of central pulse pressure were compared with values predicted from aortic pulse wave velocity and ventricular ejection characteristics. Central pulse pressure at the first shoulder (
P1
) increased with age from 29.2±8.0 in those <40 years to 44.2±13.8 mm Hg in those >70 years (means±SD;
P
<0.001), an increase explained almost entirely by the concomitant increase in aortic pulse wave velocity. Pulse pressure, at the second pressure peak (
P2
, usually equal to peak central pulse pressure) increased to a greater extent with age: from 29.1±7.8 mm Hg for those <40 years to 60.2±20.5 mm Hg for those >70 years (
P
<0.001). The ratio of
P2/P1
closely mirrored the ratio of ejection volume to ejection velocity at corresponding time points, and the proportionately greater increase in
P2
compared with
P1
was explained by increased ventricular ejection up to the time of
P2
. This increased from 52.5±13.1 to 59.3±17.8 mL (
P
<0.001) in parallel with an age-related increase in stroke volume and body mass index. These results suggest that the age-related change in central pulse wave morphology is driven mainly by an increase in arterial stiffening and altered pattern of ventricular ejection.
miR-431-5p Knockdown Protects Against Angiotensin II–Induced Hypertension and Vascular Injury
Authors: Huo Ku-Geng , Richer Chantal , Berillo Olga , Mahjoub Nada , Fraulob-Aquino Julio C. , Barhoumi Tlili , Ouerd Sofiane , Coelho Suellen C. , Sinnett Daniel , Paradis Pierre , Schiffrin Ernesto L.
Published: April 2019

Vascular injury is an early manifestation in hypertension and a cause of end-organ damage. MicroRNAs play an important role in cardiovascular disease, but their implication in vascular injury in hypertension remains unclear. This study revealed using an unbiased approach, microRNA and mRNA sequencing with molecular interaction analysis, a microRNA-transcription factor coregulatory network involved in vascular injury in mice made hypertensive by 14-day Ang II (angiotensin II) infusion. A candidate gene approach identified upregulated miR-431-5p encoded in the conserved 12qF1 (14q32 in humans) microRNA cluster, whose expression correlated with blood pressure, and which has been shown to be upregulated in human atherosclerosis, as a potential key regulator in Ang II–induced vascular injury. Gain- and loss-of-function in human vascular smooth muscle cells demonstrated that miR-431-5p regulates in part gene expression by targeting ETS homologous factor. In vivo miR-431-5p knockdown delayed Ang II–induced blood pressure elevation and reduced vascular injury in mice, which demonstrated its potential as a target for treatment of hypertension and vascular injury.
Rapid Neurologic Improvement Predicts Favorable Outcome 90 Days After Thrombectomy in the DEFUSE 3 Study
Authors: Heit Jeremy J. , Mlynash Michael , Kemp Stephanie M. , Lansberg Maarten G. , Christensen Soren , Marks Michael P. , Ortega-Gutierrez Santiago , Albers Gregory W.
Published: April 2019

Background and Purpose—

Thrombectomy in late time windows leads to improved outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion. We determined whether patients with rapid neurological improvement (RNI) 24 hours after thrombectomy were more likely to have a favorable clinical outcome in the DEFUSE 3 study (Endovascular Therapy Following Imaging Evaluation for Ischemic Stroke 3).

Methods—

All patients who underwent thrombectomy in DEFUSE 3 were included. RNI was defined as a reduction of ≥8 on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale or National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale zero to one 24 hours after thrombectomy. Clinical outcomes were assessed by an ordinal analysis modified Rankin Scale score and a dichotomous analysis for 90-day independence (modified Rankin Scale score, 0–2).

Results—

Ninety-one patients in DEFUSE 3 underwent thrombectomy with follow-up data; 31 patients (34%) experienced RNI (RNI+) after thrombectomy and 60 patients (66%) did not (RNI−). Patient demographics and stroke presentation and imaging details were similar between RNI+ and RNI− patients. Reperfusion (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b-3) after thrombectomy was achieved in 26 (84%) RNI+ and 43 (72%) RNI− (
P
=0.2). Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred in no RNI+ and 8% of RNI− patients (
P
=0.2). RNI was associated with a favorable modified Rankin Scale shift at day 90 (odds ratio, 3.8; CI, 1.7–8.6;
P
=0.001) and higher rates of modified Rankin Scale zero to 2 (61% versus 37%; odds ratio, 2.7; CI, 1.1–6.7;
P
=0.03). Mortality was 3% in RNI+ versus 18% in RNI− (
P
=0.05). RNI+ patients had lower median 24-hour National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (5 [interquartile range (IQR), 1–7] versus 13 [IQR, 7.5–21];
P
<0.001), smaller 24-hour infarction volume (21 [IQR, 5–32] versus 65 [IQR, 27–145] mL;
P
<0.001), and less 24-hour infarct growth (8 [IQR, 1–18] versus 37 [IQR, 16–105] mL;
P
<0.001) compared with RNI− patients. Hospital stay was shorter in RNI+ (3.7 [IQR, 2.9–7.1] versus 7.4 [IQR, 5.2–12.1] days in RNI−;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—

RNI following thrombectomy correlates with favorable clinical and radiographic outcomes and reduced hospital length of stay. RNI was a favorable prognostic sign following late-window thrombectomy in DEFUSE 3.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02586415.
Escalation of Memory Length in Finite Populations
Authors: Harrington Kyle , Pollack Jordan
Published: April 2019

The escalation of complexity is a commonly cited benefit of coevolutionary systems, but computational simulations generally fail to demonstrate this capacity to a satisfactory degree. We draw on a macroevolutionary theory of escalation to develop a set of criteria for coevolutionary systems to exhibit escalation of strategic complexity. By expanding on a previously developed model of the evolution of memory length for cooperative strategies by Kristian Lindgren, we resolve previously observed limitations on the escalation of memory length by extending operators of evolutionary variation. We present long-term coevolutionary simulations showing that larger population sizes tend to support greater escalation of complexity than smaller ones do. Additionally, we investigate the sensitivity of escalation during transitions of complexity. The Lindgren model has often been used to argue that the escalation of competitive coevolution has intrinsic limitations. Our simulations show that coevolutionary arms races can continue to escalate in computational simulations given sufficient population sizes.
Diversity, external morphology and ‘reverse taxonomy’ in the specialized tadpoles of Malagasy river bank frogs of the subgenus Ochthomantis (genus Mantidactylus)
Authors: Randrianiaina Roger-Daniel , Strauß Axel , Glos Julian , Glaw Frank , Vences Miguel
Published: April 2019

We provide detailed morphological descriptions of the tadpoles of Malagasy river bank frogs of the subgenera Ochthomantis and Maitsomantis (genus Mantidactylus, family Mantellidae), and data on relative abundance and habitat preferences of Ochthomantis species from Ranomafana National Park in southeastern Madagascar. Our study includes the tadpoles of six described and four undescribed candidate species. Eight of these larvae were previously unknown. Tadpoles were identified by DNA barcoding. Due to the very rudimentary taxonomic knowledge on Ochthomantis, we followed a ‘reverse taxonomy’ approach in which adult classification was to a great part determined on the basis of larval differences. By this procedure we even identified one candidate species whose adults remain still unknown. The majority of tadpoles in Ochthomantis and Maitsomantis have a rather similar body shape and they usually have similar habitat requirements. However, on the basis of the structure of their oral disk we identified three distinct groups: the first includes the femoralis-like tadpoles of Mantidactylus femoralis, M. ambreensis, M. zolitschka, M. argenteus, and of the candidate species named M. sp. 42, M. sp. 43 and M. sp. 47. They all have a reduced oral disk with poorly keratinized jaw sheaths and labial teeth. The mocquardi-like tadpoles of M. mocquardi and M. sp. 64 are placed in the second group and are characterized by a further reduction of oral disk structures, i.e. a complete lack of labial teeth. The third group includes only M. majori and is characterized by the transformation of the upper jaw sheath into three thorn-shaped projections. Based on a preliminary molecular phylogenetic analysis the reduction of keratinized oral structures in M. majori may have occurred convergently to that in M. mocquardi. The ecological data indicate that the tadpoles of the three most abundant species in Ranomafana (M. femoralis, M. majori and M. sp. 47) do not obviously differ in their choice of microhabitat although the differences in their oral structures indicate that they might use different food resources. They all show a preference for the stream areas with slow current and leaf litter substrate.
A molecularly based phylogeny reconstruction of mushroom corals (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) with taxonomic consequences and evolutionary implications for life history traits
Authors: Gittenberger Arjan , Reijnen Bastian T. , Hoeksema Bert W.
Published: April 2019

The phylogenetic relationships of the Fungiidae, a family of predominantly free-living, zooxanthellate, reef corals, were studied by sequencing a part of the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) and the complete ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) I & II of specimens from various locations in the Indo-West Pacific. Some sequences were retrieved by using fungiidspecific primers on DNA-extracts from parasitic gastropods living with these corals. The analyses were performed both including and excluding intraspecific variation to investigate the potential effect of saturation. Even though the present molecular phylogeny reconstructions largely reflect those based on morphological characters, there are some distinct differences. Three major clades are distinguished, one of which consists of species with relatively long tentacles. The two other major clades cannot yet be clearly separated from each other morphologically. Several polyphyletic taxa were detected and some genera and species that previously were considered closely related to each other, appear not to be so. Proposed nomenclatorial changes include amongst others the upgrading of subgenera in Fungia to genus level. A few species moved from one genus to another. Among all Fungiidae, the loss of the ability to become free-living appears to have evolved independently as reversals in four separate clades, including two that were previously assumed to be sister groups. The evolution of corals with additional (secondary) mouths leading to polystomatous growth forms from corals with only a single primary mouth (monostomatous growth form) appears to have occurred independently ten times: seven times by extrastomatal budding and three times by intrastomatal budding. In two clades, Herpolitha and Polyphyllia, both mechanisms co-evolved. In general there is no clear relationship between the loss of a freeliving phase and the evolution of multiple mouths.
Activity budget and behavioural patterns of free-ranging yellow-tailed woolly monkeys Oreonax flavicauda (Mammalia: Primates), at La Esperanza, northeastern Peru
Authors: Shanee Sam , Shanee Noga
Published: April 2019

The critically endangered yellow-tailed woolly monkey (Oreonax flavicauda) is endemic to the cloud forests of north-eastern Peru and one of the least studied of all primate species. We conducted fifteen months of group follows using focal animal sampling techniques to gather the first behavioural data on free ranging O. flavicauda. Group follows took place in an area of disturbed primary and regenerating secondary forest near the village of La Esperanza, Amazonas department. Yellow-tailed woolly monkey activity budgets at La Esperanza average: 29.8% feeding, 26.3% resting, 29.0% travelling, 2.3% in social and 12.8% in other activities. Significant differences were observed in the frequency of behaviours between age/sex classes as well as on temporal scales. Our findings are similar to those of other woolly monkey species although yellow-tailed woolly monkeys were found to be more vocally active then other species. We recommend further study of this species at other sites with different forest types to better understand its behavioural ecology and conservation needs. Particular emphasis should be given to studying this species at different altitudes.
Morphological evolution of some migratory Ficedula flycatchers
Authors: Outlaw Diana C. , Nijman V.
Published: April 2019

Long-distance migration imposes physiological and morphological selection pressures on birds. The genus Ficedula, a lineage of Old World flycatchers, consists of long- and short-distance migratory species, as well as sedentary species. Members of each of these groups are not reciprocally monophyletic, yet each of the behavioral groups is morphologically distinguishable even when accounting for phylogeny. Long-distance migratory species have more pointed wings than either short-distance migratory or sedentary species, and migratory behaviors and wing pointed-ness are phylogenetically correlated. This suggests that migratory Ficedula species have converged on a migratory phenotype, and that migration may be a selective agent that has shaped the independently-derived migratory Ficedula species in similar ways.
Evolutionary trends in onshore-offshore distribution patterns of mushroom coral species (Scleractinia: Fungiidae)
Authors: Hoeksema Bert W.
Published: April 2019

A phylogenetically based comparative analysis of onshore-offshore distribution patterns of mushroom coral species (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) was made to reconstruct an evolutionary scenario for differentiation in fungiid shelf habitats. This phyloecological study integrates data on fungiid distribution patterns along environmental gradients on the Spermonde Shelf, SW Sulawesi, with a recently published phylogeny reconstruction of the Fungiidae. A mushroom coral fauna of 34 species was used to compare their distributions by use of 50-m2 belt quadrats in transects (1) from the mainland to the shelf edge, (2) around reefs with regard to predominant wind directions, and (3) over bathymetrical reef zones. Species association ordinations were made for each of the four shelf zones using both abundance and incidence data to examine whether closely related species cooccurred. Some closely related species or even sister species appeared to show very similar distribution patterns and to coexist in high abundances. These results indicate that there may not be community saturation and competitive exclusion among mushroom corals species, most of which are free-living. In reconstructions of fungiid habitat evolution, offshore reef slopes appear to be original (ancestral), whereas onshore habitats, shallow reef flats, and deep sandy reef bases seem to be derived. The latter is in contrast with an earlier hypothesis, in which deep sandy substrates were considered ancestral mushroom coral habitats.
The endangered Dama dama mesopotamica Brooke, 1875: genetic variability, allelic loss and hybridization signals
Authors: Fernández-García José L.
Published: April 2019

The Persian fallow deer (Dama dama mesopotamica) formerly widespread in the Middle East was described scientifically at the end of the 19th century and considered extinct ever since. In 1956 it was rediscovered in south-western Iran. As a result, several countries have undertaken actions to reintroduce this subspecies in its native territory. In 2007 the Christian Oswald Foundation, in close cooperation with Iranian institutions, launched plans of in situ and ex situ breeding actions, with its centre in the German Von Opel Zoo and with cooperative Mediterranean partner countries as Israel, to support conservation efforts under scientific control. We performed genetic studies to study the suspected hybridization with European fallow deer (Dama dama dama) and a commitment to preserve pureblood populations. We used a set of microsatellite loci to examine genetic variation and recent hybridization with the European fallow deer. All microsatellite loci used were polymorphic, but some were monomorphic within subspecies. The allelic richness was similar in both subspecies but the ‘private allelic richness’ was reduced to a half in the Persian fallow deer, signalling allelic loss due to genetic drift and inbreeding. Moreover, we showed the presence of two discrete groups representing the two subspecies, with no signs of admixture or hybridization. Furthermore, Persian fallow deer studied here belong to two pre-defined genetics groups: the wild and the (more genetically impoverished) captive populations of Persian fallow deer. Finally, the Persian fallow deer deserves a high conservation priority, both in the Iranian stock and in the captive populations, so as to avoid hybridization.
Allium yamadagensis (Amaryllidaceae) a new species from Turkey
Authors: EKŞI GÜLNUR , YILDIRIM HASAN
Published: April 2019

Allium Linneaus (1753: 294) is one of the largest monocot genera with about 900 species (Govaerts et al. 2019) naturally distributed throughout the northern hemisphere (Stearn 1978, 1992, Fritsch & Keusgen 2006, Friesen et al. 2006, Fritsch & Abbasi 2008). The main centre of biodiversity occurs in Southwestern and Central Asia and the Mediterranean region, a smaller center is found in western North America (Friesen et al. 2006, Nguyen et al. 2008). The genus is characterized by bulbs enclosed in membranous, fibrous or reticulate tunics, free or basally connate tepals and often a subgynobasic style (Friesen et al. 2006). The genus Allium is a member of Amaryllidaceae subfam. Allioideae, tribe Allieae (APGIII 2009, Chase & Reveal 2009). Recent phylogenetic studies based on molecular data were combined with morphology, anatomy, and cytology resulting in new proposals for sectional and subsectional relationships (Linne von Berg et al. 1996, Dubouzet & Shinoda 1999, Friesen et al. 2000, 2006, Gurushidze et al. 2008, Nguyen et al. 2008, Li et al. 2010, Choi et al. 2012). The most recent Allium classification includes 15 subgenera and 80 sections (Friesen et al. 2006). Allium is a taxonomically quite complex and has unresolved nomenclatural problems. In the last decades, many Allium taxa were newly described for Turkey and the number of species known to occur in the country is approximately 200, classified into 15 sections, ca. one-third which being endemic (Kollmann 1984, Koyuncu 2012, Özhatay & Kandemir 2014, Ekşi et al. 2015, 2016, Duman et al. 2017, Fırat et al. 2018).
Laimaphelenchus persicus n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) from Iran
Authors: ASGHARI RAMAZAN , POURJAM EBRAHIM , HEYDARI RAMIN , ZHAO ZENG QI
Published: April 2019

Laimaphelenchus persicus n. sp. is described and illustrated from the Caspian region of Iran, where it was extracted frombark collected from Pinus sylvestris. The new species is characterized by females with a body length of 615–925 µm, a(35.9–48.7), b (6.5–8.0), b' (3.9–5.4), c (17.5–24.7), c' (2.8–3.7), V (66.6–69.0%), stylet 10.0–11.5 µm, long post-vulvaluterine sac of 100–162μm, vulva having a flap, anteriorly sloping vagina massively sclerotized, and tail with an offsetterminus bearing 4 clearly pedunculate tubercles ending in 4–6 finger-like protrusions; and males with spicules 19–21μmlong, and three pairs of caudal papillae: one pre-anal, one at ca half tail length and one small pair anterior to tail terminus.The phylogenetic relationships of this new species were analysed using sequences of the D2/D3 region of the 28S ribo-somal RNA gene. SEM’s were prepared for morphologically informative parts and a dichotomous key to the genus Laimaphelenchus is given.
Revision and cladistic analysis of Neotropical genus Psilochlorops Duda (Diptera: Chloropidae)
Authors: RICCARDI PAULA RAILE , DE SOUZA AMORIM DALTON
Published: April 2019

Five new species are described herein for the Neotropical genus Psilochlorops, up to now known only from the type–spe-cies, P. clavitibia Duda—P. brunneus sp. n., P. elongatum sp. n., P. flavisoma sp. n., P. nigrifemur sp. n. and P. paganelliaesp. n. All new species are described in detail and illustrated. A key to the species of the genus is provided. The diagnosisof Psilochlorops, after the addition of these species, is emended. A cladistic analysis of the genus indicates that Psilochlorops is monophyletic and show the affinities between the species.
A review of the genus Speocarcinus Stimpson, 1859 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Xanthidae), with a key to its species and the description of one new species
Authors: BRANDÃO MARIANNA , COELHO-FILHO PETRONIO ALVES , TAVARES MARCOS
Published: April 2019

Speocarcinus dentatus n. sp. is described from the southwestern Atlantic. The new species can be easily separated fromits congeners by a suite of carapace and appendage characters. Speocarcinus Stimpson, 1859, now includes eight extantspecies, all from the Atlantic or Pacific coasts of the Americas. Additional characters to further differentiate between S.carolinensis Stimpson, 1859, and S. lobatus Guinot, 1969, and between S. granulimanus Rathbun, 1894, and S. spinicar-pus Guinot, 1969 are documented. The lectotype of S. granulimanus is first described and a key to the species of Speocarcinus is provided.
Himantura randalli sp. nov., a new whipray (Myliobatoidea: Dasyatidae) from the Persian Gulf
Authors: LAST PETER R. , MANJAJI-MATSUMOTO B. MABEL , MOORE ALEC B. M.
Published: April 2019

A new whipray, Himantura randalli sp. nov., described from material collected off Bahrain, Kuwait and Qatar, appearsto be endemic to the Persian Gulf. It has been frequently confused with forms of the more widely distributed whiprayHimantura gerrardi Gray and other presently unidentified species from the Indian Ocean. Himantura randalli sp. nov. isdistinguished from these species by a combination of characters, i.e. disc shape, morphometrics, squamation (includingits rapid denticle development and denticle band shape), plain dorsal disc coloration, and whitish saddles on a dark tail inyoung. It is a medium-sized whipray with a maximum confirmed size of 620 mm disc width (DW) and a birth size ofaround 150–170 mm DW. Males mature at approximately 400 mm DW. Himantura randalli sp. nov. is relatively abundantin the shallow, soft-sedimentary habitats of the Persian Gulf from where it is commonly taken as low-value or discarded bycatch of gillnet and trawl fisheries.
A new species of the catfish genus Trichomycterus from the La Plata River basin, southern Brazil, with comments on its putative phylogenetic position (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)
Authors: DATOVO ALÉSSIO , CARVALHO MURILO , FERRER JULIANO
Published: April 2019

The genus Trichomycterus is a highly diverse group of Neotropical catfishes that encompass almost 60% of all the cur-rently recognized species of the Trichomycteridae. A new species of this genus, T. perkos, is herein described from tribu-taries of the Paranapanema and Uruguai River basins, southern Brazil. The new species exhibits a remarkable ontogeneticchange in its pigmentation, having a unique color pattern when adult. The adult pigmentation consists of three wide darkbrown stripes, located in an inner skin layer of trunk and caudal peduncle, combined with a superficial light brown freck-led pattern on the dorsum and caudal peduncle. Small, presumably juvenile specimens lack the superficial freckles butalready have the dark stripes, thus resembling the color pattern of a few other congeners. Nevertheless, several unequiv-ocal morphological features distinguish both juveniles and adults of T. perkos from these congeners. In spite of the diffi-culties in estimating phylogenetic relationships within Trichomycterus, the new species is tentatively proposed as being the sister-taxon of a small group of species composed by T. crassicaudatus, T. igobi, and T. stawiarski.
Acanthocobitis pictilis, a new species of loach from Myanmar and Thailand (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae)
Authors: KOTTELAT MAURICE
Published: April 2019

Acanthocobitis pictilis, new species, is described from the Ataran drainage in Myanmar and the Mae Khlong drainage inThailand. It had earlier been misidentified as A. rubidipinnis. It is distinguished by, among other characters, its colour pat-tern, especially the dark brown triangular saddles in the upper half of the body, strongly slanted anteriorly and becomingalmost vertical posteriorly, becoming paler in the middle, and forming pairs of narrow saddles in large individuals; lateralline complete; 12 ½ or 13 ½ branched dorsal-fin rays. Acanthocobitis mandalayensis is a valid species, removed from the synonymy of A. botia.
Description of a new species of the rare genus Epacrolaimus Andrássy, 2000 (Dorylaimida, Aporcelaimidae) and new data on male of Paraxonchium laetificans (Andrássy, 1956) Altherr & Loof, 1969 (Dorylaimida, Paraxonchiidae) from Iran
Authors: PEDRAM MAJID , POURJAM EBRAHIM , VINCIGUERRA2 MARIA T.
Published: April 2019

Epacrolaimus reyesi n. sp., an amphimictic species of a rare nematode genus, is described and illustrated. The new species ischaracterised by its long body (7.23–7.87 mm), 32 µm wide lip region, with well developed and distinct lips and liplets pro-vided with longitudinal corrugation on their inner surface; 19–22 µm long odontostyle with a wide, arched aperture occupyingca 85% of its length; 45–56 µm long odontophore; 55–67 µm long rounded tail, nine regularly spaced ventromedian supple-ments in males and 135–145 µm long spicules. The new species is compared with two other known species of the genus,namely E. declinatoaculeatus (Kreis, 1924) Andrássy, 2000 and E. imperator Andrássy, 2000. Compared to the former, thenew species has a rounded tail in females vs bluntly conoid, rounded on tip or with a minute peg, shorter tail (55–67 vs 63–75µm) shorter spicules (135–145 vs 215 µm) and fewer male copulatory supplements (9 vs 12). Compared to the latter species, E.reyesi n. sp. is wider at the midbody region (172–178 vs 156–160 µm), and has a shorter tail (55–67 vs 84 µm in females and58–65 vs 70–86 µm in males), shorter spicules (135–145 vs 202–210 µm) and fewer male copulatory supplements (9 vs 14–16).From both species the new species differs by having a rounded tail vs convex-conoid or slightly subdigitate. Beside the newspecies, a population of Paraxonchium laetificans (Andrássy, 1956) Altherr & Loof, 1969 with relatively numerous males wasfound from forests of northern Iran. The male of this species, which had not been found in Iran so far and had been described on two specimens only, is described and illustrated in detail.
A new polymorphic Phrynobatrachus (Amphibia: Anura: Phrynobatrachidae) from western Nigeria
Authors: RÖDEL MARK-OLIVER , ONADEKO ABIODUN B. , BAREJ MICHAEL F. , SANDBERGER LAURA
Published: April 2019

We describe a new small Phrynobatrachus species from western Nigeria, the eastern-most part of the Upper Guinea bio-diversity hotspot. The new species exhibits a combination of unique morphological characters and a belly without pattern.Morphologically it is characterised by small size, compact roundish body with a round and short snout, large eyes, absenceof an eyelid cornicle, presence of a conspicuous row of warts with pores on the upper mandible, absence of discs on toeand finger tips, well developed webbing, larger warts on forehead and inter-orbital space and a pair of, sometimes indis-tinct, elongated chevron like ridges on the back. Analysis of mitochondrial 16S rRNA revealed that the new species differsfrom 33 other West and Central African species of the genus by a minimum distance of 6.6%. Genetically the new speciesis most similar to Phrynobatrachus ghanensis, P. guineensis and P. phyllophilus, all being endemic to the western part of the Upper Guinea forest zone.
Key to the Oriental species of Passaloecus Shuckard (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae), with descriptions of four new species from China
Authors: MA LI , LI QIANG
Published: April 2019

A key to the Oriental species of Passaloecus Shuckard (Crabronidae: Pemphredoninae: Pemphredonini) is provided. Four new
Fossil Bibionidae (Diptera: Bibionomorpha) from the late Oligocene of Bes-Konak, Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: SKARTVEIT JOHN , NEL ANDRÉ
Published: April 2019

Three new species of bibionid flies are described from the late Oligocene deposit of Bes-Konak, Anatolia, Turkey: Bibio ana-tolicus sp.n., Bibio nigricosta sp.n. and Penthetria beskonakensis sp.n. These genera are associated with temperate climate,contrasting with the bibionid Oligocene fossils from some other European localities with warmer climates, where the intertropical genus Plecia often predominates.Keywords: Bibio, Penthetria, Cenozoic, palaeoclimatic indicators
Discovery of Shamshevia Grichanov in the Oriental Region (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)
Authors: GRICHANOV IGOR Ya.
Published: April 2019

The formerly Afrotropical genus Shamshevia Grichanov, 2012, is recorded from the Oriental Region for the first time.Description of a new species Shamshevia reshchikovi sp. nov. from India is provided. A modified diagnosis of the genus is compiled.
A revision of the genus Rosapha Walker (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)
Authors: KOVAC DAMIR , ROZKOŠNÝ RUDOLF
Published: April 2019

The species of Rosapha Walker, 1859 are revised and the monotypic genus Rosaphula Frey, 1934 is proposed as a newsynonym of Rosapha. Eleven species of Rosapha are distinguished and four of them, R. brevispinosa sp. nov. from Laosand Thailand, R. flavipes sp. nov. and R. stigmatica sp. nov. from Thailand, and R. flavistigmatica sp. nov. from India andMalaysia, are described as new. Rosapha bicolor Bigot, 1877 is proposed as a synonym of R. habilis Walker, 1859 on thebasis of type comparison. The males of R. handschini (Frey, 1934), R. obscurata de Meijere, 1916, and R. variegata deMeijere, 1919, are described for the first time. The distribution of ten species is probably confined to the Oriental Regionbut R. umbripennis Lindner, 1957, was described from New Guinea. Rosapha bimaculata Wulp in de Meijere, 1904, wasnewly recorded from India, Laos, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam, R. flagellicornis Enderlein, 1914, from Malaysia, R.obscurata from the Philippines and Thailand, and R. variegata from Indonesia (Sumatra), Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. A key to the Rosapha species is presented.
Taxonomy of the Proisotoma complex. IV. Notes on chaetotaxy of femur and description of new species of Scutisotoma and Weberacantha from Asia
Authors: HUANG CHENG-WANG , POTAPOV MIKHAIL
Published: April 2019

Four new species of the genera Scutisotoma Bagnall and Weberacantha Christiansen are described from Asia; S. bengeisp.nov. (SW China), S. robustodens sp.nov. (East Siberia), S. trichaetosa sp.nov. (E China), and W. cylindrica sp. nov.(Far East of Russia). Scutisotoma christiansensi (Stach, 1959) is figured from type material. The chaetotaxy of femur offirst pair of legs is given a consistent nomenclature, its variability based on a survey of 31 species of two genera is studied. The genus Scutisotoma is divided into three species groups (christianseni, schisti, and subarctica).
Selitrichodes neseri n. sp., a new parasitoid of the eucalyptus gall wasp Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae)
Authors: KELLY JANINE , LA SALLE JOHN , HARNEY MARLENE , DITTRICH-SCHRÖDER GUDRUN , HURLEY BRETT
Published: April 2019

Selitrichodes neseri Kelly & La Salle n. sp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), is described as a parasitoid of the inva-sive eucalyptus gall wasp Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), which is causingsubstantial damage particularly in commercial Eucalyptus plantations. Selitrichodes neseri was originally collected in Australiain 2010 when searching for biological control agents of L. invasa. It has since been reared in quarantine in South Africa where it is being evaluated for release as a biological control agent of L. invasa.
New and rare Aloninae (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae) from Indochina
Authors: SINEV ARTEM Y. , KOTOV ALEXEY A.
Published: April 2019

Several poorly known cladocerans of the subfamily Aloninae (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae) from Indochina re-gion are reinvestigated. Revision of the genus Anthalona Van Damme, Sinev & Dumont 2011 from Thailand, Cambodiaand Vietnam reveals that the region is inhabited by Paleotropic Alona harti harti Van Damme, Sinev & Dumont, 2011 anda new species, Alona sanoamuangae sp. nov., which appears to be an Indochinese endemic. It has a number of featuresprimitive for the genus, including non-specialised IDL setae and non-differentiated scraping setae. So far, these characterswere recorded only in the Congolese A. simplex Van Damme, Sinev & Dumont, 2011, but A. sanoamuangae sp. nov. dif-fers from it in the trilobed cosmaria of the lateral head pores. An updated key for the Anthalona of Eurasia and Africa isprovided. The endemic Alona freyi Idris & Fernando, 1981 belongs to the recently described genus Matralona VanDamme & Dumont, 2010, sharing numerous common features with the type species, Matralona simoneae (Dumont,1981). Alona macronyx Daday, 1898, despite numerous unique features, should be moved from Alona to Celsinotum Frey,1999, and the diagnosis of Celsinotum should be emended. Finally, a new taxon with several unique features, Coronatellasp., was found in Thailand. Our investigation demonstrates once more the necessity of successive revisions of cladoceran taxa, even in relatively well-studied regions.
Morphology, morphogenesis, and molecular phylogeny of a new brackish water ciliate, Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp., from Songjiho lagoon on the coast of East Sea, South Korea
Authors: JUNG JAE-HO , PARK KYUNG-MIN , MIN GI-SIK
Published: April 2019

A new brackish water urostylid ciliate, Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp. was collected from Songjiho lagoon on the coast ofEast Sea, South Korea, and investigated based on morphology, morphogenesis, and 18S rRNA gene sequences.Pseudourostyla cristatoides is characterized by the following features: slender to elliptical body shape; colourless to dark greyin colour; size in vivo about 220–265 × 85–125μm; flexible and slightly contractile body with narrowly spaced extrusomes(trichocyst type) throughout the whole cell; 2 contractile vacuoles on left side of cell at about 25% and 75% of body length;84–115 adoral membranelles, 20–30 frontal cirri, 1 buccal cirrus, 2 frontoterminal cirri, 17–25 midventral pairs, 2pretransverse, 6–12 transverse cirri, 5–7 left and 4–5 right marginal rows, and 10–13 dorsal kineties; 30–106 macronuclearnodules and 3–5 micronuclei; brackish habitat (salinity 3–5‰). This new species is very similar to P. cristata, but distinguishedprimarily by contractile vacuoles (2 vs. 1 in number; positioned 25%, 75% of body length vs. ahead of mid-body), dorsalkineties (10–13 vs. 8), hyaline layer underneath pellicle (inconspicuous vs. conspicuous), habitat (brackish vs. freshwater), andparticipation of posterior cirri of rear corona in fronto-ventral-transverse cirral anlagen (yes vs. no). Additionally, intra-/inter-specific pairwise genetic distances of the 18S rRNA gene sequences supported that the Songjiho population is a novel species(intra-specific distances of 0.07–0.12% among three P. cristata populations vs. inter-specific distances of 0.93–1.00% between P. cristatoides and three P. cristata populations).
Description of nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae), with a synopsis of the European and Mediterranean species
Authors: PELLIZZARI GIUSEPPINA , PORCELLI FRANCESCO , CONVERTINI STEFANO , MAROTTA SALVATORE
Published: April 2019

The morphology of the 1st-instar, 2nd-instar male and female, 3rd-instar female and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera Coccoidea Kermesidae) are described and illustrated; micrographs of some morphological details are also provided. An identification key to instars and a table showing the present status of knowledge on the morphology of European and Mediterranean Kermes instars is included.
Erratum: FERNANDO RODRÍGUEZ & SAM W. HEADS (2012) New mole crickets of the genus Scapteriscus Scudder from Colombia (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae; Scapteriscinae). Zootaxa, 3282, 61–68.
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ FERNANDO , HEADS SAM W.
Published: April 2019

(Erratum)