bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potato plants micropropagated and grown from mini tubers: nutritional efficiency to phosphorus
Authors: Sausen Darlene , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Schorr Márcio Renan Weber , Tavares Miriam da Silva , Schwalbert Raíssa , Marques Anderson Cesar Ramos , Tarouco Camila Peligrinotti , Mambrin Ritieli Baptista , Lautenchleger Francine , Nicoloso Fernando Teixeira
Published: August 2022

One of the main concerns for the establishment of sustainable agriculture is the development of cultivars that absorb and use phosphorus (P) better. It is possible to produce quality seed potatoes from sprouts, microtubers, minitubers and minicuttings in closed off-soil growing systems. However, little is known if the origin of the propagating material interferes with the nutritional efficiency of phosphorus (P) by plants. Thus, the objective of this work was to compare the nutritional efficiency of P between plants produced from minitubers and micropropagation. For this, two experiments were carried out, one with plants produced from mini-tubers and the other from plants from micropropagation. Both experiments were carried out in a greenhouse and in a growing system without soil, using clones Asterix, Atlantic, SMIC 148-A and SMINIA 793101-3 and two levels of P in the nutrient solution (2.32 and 23. 2mg P L-1). The propagative origin of potato plants changes with the biomass ratio between root and shoot and plants from minitubers have a higher harvest rate, higher utilization efficiency and a higher P response rate in P biomass production than plants from micropropagation. Therefore, we recommend that selection of PUE clones should occur with plants from mini-tubers, since the responses to PUE by plants from micropropagation are not representative, under the conditions tested in this work
Overexpression of the mitochondrial MT-sHSP23.6 gene during antioxidant activity in tomato cv. Micro-Tom subjected to flooding
Authors: Dias Letícia Winke , Brunes André Pich , Martins Angelita Celente , Kolesny Vitor Mateus , Simioni Carine , Weiler Roberto Luis , Rombaldi Cesar Valmor , Villela Francisco Amaral
Published: August 2022

Plants grown under flooding stress conditions form reactive oxygen species, both during oxygen deficiency and after reoxygenation. The tolerance of plants under these conditions depends on an efficient antioxidant system, which may be influenced by the higher expression of heat shock proteins, such as mitochondrial MT-sHSP23.6. The objective of the present study was to determine whether the overexpression of this gene increases the antioxidant activity in tomato cv. Micro-Tom plants subjected to flooding during the vegetative stage of four fully expanded leaves. The experiment was performed with three genotypes of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum Mill. cv. Micro-Tom), one non-transformed denominated “WT” and two modified for high and low expression of the MT-sHSP23.6 gene, subjected to normal irrigation conditions, 72 hours of flooding, and 24 and 192 hours of recovery after the removal of flooding, consisting a 3x4 split-plot factorial design with four replications. Plants were collected at the vegetative stage of 4 fully expanded leaves to determine superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities, hydrogen peroxide accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Overexpression of the mitochondrial MT-sHSP23.6 gene in the evaluated plants resulted in higher antioxidant system activity. However, it did not necessarily lead to less damage caused by oxidative stress. Low expression of this gene resulted in lower antioxidant system activity and greater damage caused by reactive oxygen species
Morphological characteristics and DNA barcoding in bach hop (Lilium poilanei Gagnep) in Vietnam
Authors: Huong Bui Thi Thu , Anh Duong Xuan , Cuong Nguyen Huu , An Ngo The , Gioi Dong Huy , Tuong Ho Manh , Ha Chu Hoang , Ha Tran Thi Thu , Trung Khuat Huu , Khanh Tran Dang
Published: August 2022

The Lilium genus is a member of the Liliaceae family and is comprised of approximately 110 to 120 species. This genus is considered the largest genome with a haploid DNA content in the plant kingdom and is currently receiving much attention for its great commercial and trading prospects. Among them, Lilium poilanei belongs to the Sinomartagon group, plays an important role in the breeding of Asiatic hybrids. L. poilanei, widely known as an endemic plant in mountainous areas of Sapa, Vietnam and has been intensively exploited due to great commercial significance. In this study, the morphological characteristics and DNA sequence data including the nuclear ribosomal DNA segments of ITS, ITS2, and plastid matK, psbA-trnH and rbcL, rpoC1 were applied to identify L. poilanei collected. The results showed that some morphological details of the lily were specifically analyzed and both markers ITS2 and rpoC1 disclosed superiority in discrimination of L. polinanei with 100% similarity score by the one of ours reported in NCBI Genebank with the accession number of KR632775.1 and KR632777.1, respectively, while the remaining regions have been neither unamplified nor unsuccessfully discriminated and identified. Our findings in morphology and barcodes were reliable, effective and powerful for distinguishing L. poilanei and may identify other species of the family of Liliaceae.
Liming in soils with plinthic materials of the Brazilian Savanna: potentials and limitations
Authors: Leite Olavo da Costa , lima Saulo de Oliveira , Luz João Henrique Silva da , Silva Rubens Ribeiro da , Fidelis Rodrigo Ribeiro , Tavares Rodrigo de Castro , Barilli Juliana , Machado Ângela Franciely
Published: August 2022

The expansion of agriculture has been taking place in marginal soils with low productive potential, such as Plinthosols. The liming can increase the economic and environmental sustainability of agriculture. However, there are no studies on the dissolution or recommendation of limestone for Plinthosols. The objective was to evaluate the effect of limestone doses on the chemical attributes of three soils with different gravel contents (ironstone concretions). The soils were collected (0-20 cm layer) in native areas of the central region of the Brazilian Savanna. They were classified as Red-Yellow Latosol (RYO) and two Concretionary Pétric Plinthosol (with 29% [CPP-29] and 72.8% [CPP-72] of soil volume with gravel). A factorial scheme (3x6) with the three soils (RYO, CPP-29, and CPP-72), six limestone doses, and four replications. The evolution of pH was verified at 10, 20, 30, and 40 days after the beginning of incubation (DAI), and determined the chemical attributes (Al, H+Al, Ca, Mg, BS, V%, P, and K) at 40 DAI. The doses to reach pH 6 were 1.4 t ha-1 for RYO, 3.9 t ha-1 for CPP-29, and 2.7 t ha-1 for CPP-72. Al3+ neutralization was 100% with doses above 3.5, 2.5 and 0.5 t ha-1 for CPP-29, CPP-72, RYO. There was a significant increase in Ca and Mg contents in all soils. However, the Soil CPP-72 did not reach a critical level for Ca (>2.41 cmolc dm-3) and Mg (>0.91 cmolc dm-3) for Plinthosols with higher plinthite content. Thus, we recommend using agricultural practices that increase the capacity of the soil to retain and recycle nutrients.
Competitiveness of swamp rice against Echinochloa crus-galli and Monochoria vaginalis weeds
Authors: Sujinah Sujinah , Guntoro Dwi , Sugiyanta Sugiyanta
Published: August 2022

Weed competition, especially with Echinochloa crus-galli and Monochoria vaginalis, is a major constraint in rice production as they reduce yield by competing with crops for resources such as light, nutrients, and water. Therefore, this study aims to determine rice competitiveness against Echinochloa crus-galli and Monochoria vaginalis weeds. The experimental design was a split-plot with four replications, with the main plot being weed-free, E. crus-galli, and M. vaginalis treatments, while the subplot was rice varieties namely Inpara 3, 4, 7, and 8. The result showed that existence of weeds reduced the plant height, tillers, photosynthetic rate, leaf area, biomass, percentage of filled grain, and yield of rice due to competition, with losses up to 15%. Furthermore, the rice varieties differed in their yield performances and weed competitiveness. The grain yield ranged from 7.75 t ha-1 to 5.96 t ha-1 for Inpara 4 and 8, respectively, under the weed-free condition. A low weed tolerance and suppress ability was found in Inpara 7, both for E. crus-galli and M. vaginalis. Inpara 8 had a low weed tolerance in E. crus-galli, but high in M. vaginalis, while Inpara 4 produced the highest yield in a weedy condition, along with high weed tolerance and suppress ability. Traits related to the leaf area and rice dry weight at grain filling stage are associated with rice competitiveness. Based on the results, competitive rice can be an important strategy for reducing hand weeding and herbicide inputs in rice production
Revisão sistemática de literatura? Depende! Limites de procederes quantitativos de análise de literatura na área de Administração
Authors: Vizeu Fabio , Torres Kamille Ramos , Kolachnek Luan Matheus Pedrozo
Published: August 2022

A revisão sistemática de literatura, bem como outros procederes similares de levantamento bibliográfico, tem sido amplamente utilizada como ferramenta pretensamente capaz de viabilizar uma acurada varredura sobre como determinado tema é tratado no campo acadêmico-científico. Tais metodologias se valem da atual estrutura digital de publicidade da literatura acadêmica, onde algoritmos e ferramentas de busca em bases de dados permitem que se acesse milhares de textos, bem como se filtre o que seriam amostras representativas do que se convencionou como o ‘estado da arte’. Contudo, assumindo um viés quantitativo e um objetivismo reducionista, tais procederes desconsideram importantes aspectos qualitativos da comunicação acadêmica, especialmente em campos tão paradigmaticamente plurais como o da Administração. Isto posto, este texto objetiva discutir tais ferramentas, por meio da crítica epistemológica. Nosso principal argumento é o de que tais procederes se originaram em campos onde a visão de ciência e do texto acadêmico é positivista e fundada em um cânone homogêneo, o que justifica a pretensão de cobertura da convergência do pensamento científico nos campos originais das metodologias. Todavia, se considerarmos a polissemia e a diversidade epistemológica da pesquisa em Administração, a intenção revisional dessas metodologias torna-se incompleta e/ou limitada, já que os elementos de convergência/divergência do pensamento são de ordem argumentativa. Por isso, pleiteamos um proceder qualitativo para a sistematização da literatura de referência.
Subalterno pode escrever! Uma contribuição decolonial e interseccional na obra de Carolina Maria de Jesus para os estudos organizacionais
Authors: Oliveira Carolina Guedes de , Pinho Velho Wanderley Sergio Eduardo
Published: August 2022

Este estudo tem o objetivo de investigar como é possível estabelecer uma conexão através de algumas características pertinentes nas empresas contemporâneas quanto a abordagem da temática das mulheres negras por meio do estudo da interseccionalidade, como (re)produtor das desigualdades estruturais e sociais na obra “Quarto de despejo: diário de uma favelada”, de Carolina Maria de Jesus. Apresentando uma abordagem qualitativa, com enfoque exploratório e explicativo, este estudo visa reconstruir, através das reflexões e da prática ao pensamento decolonial, a subjetividade identitária das mulheres negras. Por essa razão, considera-se como o primeiro ponto de partida deste estudo as narrativas de mulheres negras, profissionais de empresas multinacionais, cujas entrevistas foram analisadas segundo a perspectiva da interseccionalidade e da decolonialidade. Quanto à segunda etapa, compreende a legitimidade da escrita concebida por Carolina Maria de Jesus e a sua primeira obra “Quarto de despejo: diário de uma favelada” (1960). A metodologia aplicada é fundamentada no que se almeja aprender com a pesquisa, partindo da análise do conteúdo em ancoragem, por meio da definição das categorizações e alocação das transcrições dos textos em cada uma das categorias estabelecidas em espécie de agrupamento. Assim, as questões enunciadas na obra “Quarto de despejo: diário de uma favelada” e nas narrativas das entrevistadas, levam a refletir as características da decolonialidade e da interseccionalidade, que estariam presentes nas relações sociais ao longo do tempo. Por fim, cabe registrar que os resultados alcançados contribuem para a perspectiva desta temática nos estudos organizacionais.
DİJİTAL ÇAĞDA SOSYAL ALGORİTMALAR: YAPAY ZEKÂ VE SOSYAL HİZMET
Authors: BAŞCILLAR Mehmet , KARATAŞ Mustafa , PAK GÜRE Merve Deniz
Published: August 2022

Yapay zekâ, insan zekâsını taklit eden ve elde ettiği bilgilerle kendini geliştirebilen yazılımlar ve donanımlardır. Yapay zekâ yaşam dinamiklerinde yeni sorunlar ve çözümler yaratma potansiyeli taşımaktadır. Sosyal hizmet mesleği bu dönüşüme yanıt verme çabası içerisindedir. Yapay zekâ uygulamaları ve sosyal hizmet arasındaki etkileşimin çeşitli yönlerine odaklanan bu çalışma, sosyal hizmet müdahalelerinin nasıl etkileneceğine, potansiyel fırsatların ve risklerin neler olabileceğine dair tartışmalara eleştirel bir bakış açısı sunma amacı taşımaktadır. Yapay zekâya dayalı sosyal hizmet uygulamalarındaki fırsatlar arasında kolay erişilebilir, maliyet etkili, hızlı, kişinin ihtiyacına bağlı olarak revize edilebilen çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Riskler arasında ise sosyal hizmet uzmanı ile müracaatçı sistemi arasındaki terapötik ilişkinin zarar görmesi, makine öğrenmesi için yeterli ve kaliteli veri beslemenin geliştirilememesi, etik sorunlar ve sosyal hizmet uzmanlarına duyulan ihtiyacın azalması bulunmaktadır. Sonuç olarak hem sosyal hizmet mesleğinin profesyonel duruşuna hem de müracaatçı sisteminin sahip olduğu haklara duyarlı olan yapay zekâ uygulamalarının geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir.
TÜRKİYE’DE DOĞURGANLIĞIN DEĞİŞİMİ: SOSYAL POLİTİKA AÇISINDAN RİSKLER VE FIRSATLAR
Authors: COŞAN Bilal
Published: August 2022

Dünya genelinde toplam doğurganlık hızı her geçen gün azalmaya devam etmektedir. Toplam doğurganlık hızının azalmasında sosyal, ekonomik, kültürel açıdan yaşanan değişimler belirleyici etken olabilmektedir. Bu bağlamda eğitimli nüfusun artması, kadın istihdam oranlarının artması, kentleşme, hiç evlenmeyenlerin oranındaki artışlar, ortalama ilk evlilik yaşının yükselmesi, kontraseptif kullanımı, kürtaj uygulamaları, çocuğun artan maliyeti gibi birçok gelişme doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak toplam doğurganlık hızının düşmesinde etkili olmuştur. Bu çerçevede Türkiye’de de “demografik geçiş süreci” hızlı bir şekilde yaşanmış ve son elli yılda doğurganlık hızlı bir şekilde düşmeye başlamıştır. Doğurganlık hızının düşmesi ise demografik ve sosyo-ekonomik açıdan birçok sonucu beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı Türkiye’de toplam doğurganlık hızında yaşanan değişimin nedenlerini ve sonuçlarını tartışmak ve azalan doğurganlık neticesinde ortaya çıkabilecek muhtemel riskleri ve fırsatları değerlendirmektir. Çalışmada ilgili literatür taranmıştır. Bu kapsamda, ilk olarak doğurganlığın dünyadaki genel görünümü değerlendirilmektedir. Daha sonra Türkiye’nin doğurganlıktaki değişim süreci açıklanmaktadır. Nihayetinde Türkiye açısından riskler ve fırsatlar analiz edilmektedir. Sonuç olarak yaşanan kültürel ve demografik dönüşüme rağmen geliştirilen politikalarla ve teknolojik imkânlarla doğurganlığın negatif etkilerinin hafifletilebileceği öngörülmektedir.
On some probability distributions, related to the classical Bernoulli scheme
Authors:   St Petersburg State University, Ananjevskii Sergey M. , Nevzorov Valery B. ,   St Petersburg State University
Published: August 2022

For more than three centuries, the classical scheme of independent Bernoulli trials, starting with the work of Jacob Bernoulli, has been one of the most popular topics in probability theory. It is ideal for setting and solving various practical problems. Many results have been obtained related to modifications of this scheme, but new situations and new problems appear that require further progress in the study of various random variables associated to one degree or another with independent Bernoulli trials. Solutions to some of these problems are presented in this paper.
On some relationships between records in the transition from continuous to discrete distributions
Authors:   Rider University, Ahsanullah Mohammad , Nevzorov Valery B. ,   St Petersburg State University, Stepanov Alexei V. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Published: August 2022

In the present work, we consider discretization of continuous distributions and study relations between continuous record values, weak record values and discrete record values obtained from continuous record values by discretization. We first compare the numbers of continuous record values registered in real intervals and the numbers of discrete record values and weak record values located on the sets of non-negative integers. Further in the paper, we introduce the so-called strong continuous record values that hold out after discretization and we discuss their distributional properties. We also analyze what happens with record values after discretization of the standard exponential distribution. Finally, we present a simulation experiment, which supports the theoretical results of the paper.
Metric invariants of a second-order hypersurface in an n-dimensional Euclidean space
Authors:   St Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Volkov Dmitrii Yu. , Galunova Kseniia V. ,   Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the classical problem of analytic geometry in n-dimensional Euclidean space: finding the canonical equation of a quadric. The canonical equation is determined by the invariants of the second-order surface equation. Invariants are quantities that do not change under an affine change of space coordinates. S. L. Pevsner found a convenient system of the following invariants: q is the rank of the extended matrix of the system for determining the center of symmetry of the surface; the roots of the characteristic polynomial of the matrix of quadratic terms of the surface equation, i. e. the eigenvalues of this matrix; K_q is the coefficient of the variable λ to the power of n − q in a polynomial equal to the determinant of the n + 1 order matrix obtained by a certain rule from the original surface equation. All the coefficients of the canonical equations of quadrics are expressed through eigenvalues of the matrix of quadratic terms and the coefficient K_q. Pevsner’s result is proved in a new way. Elementary properties of determinants are used in the proof. This algorithm for finding the canonical equation of a quadric is a very convenient algorithm for computer graphics.
Higher criteria for the regularity of a one-dimensional local field
Authors:   St Petersburg State University, Vostokov Sergei V. , Pital’ Petr N. ,   St Petersburg State University,   St Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, Polyakov Vladimir M. ,   St Petersburg Department of Steklov Mathematical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2022

The concept of irregularity of formal modules in one-dimensional local fields is considered. A connection is obtained between the irregularity of all unramified extensions M/L and the ramification index e_(L/K) for a sufficiently wide class of formal groups. The notion of s-irregularity for natural s is introduced (generalization of the notion of irregularity to the case of roots [π^s]), and similar criteria for irregularity are proved for it for the case of generalized and relative formal Lubin—Tate modules.
Complement to the H¨older inequality for multiple integrals. I
Authors:   St Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Ivanov Boris F.
Published: August 2022

This article is the first part of the work, the main result of which is the statement that if for functions γ1 ∈ L^(p_1) (R^n), . . . , γm ∈ L^(p_m)(R^n), where m >= 2 and the numbers p_1, . . . , p_m ∈ (1,+∞] are such that 1/p_1 + ... + 1/p_m, a non-resonant condition is met (the concept introduced by the author for functions from L^p(R^n), p ∈ (1,+∞]), then sup_(a,b∈R^n) (...), where [a, b] is an n-dimensional parallelepiped, the constant C > 0 does not depend on functions Δ_γ_k ∈ L^(p_k)_(h_k) (R^n) C L^(p_k) (R^n), 1 <= k <= m, are specially constructed normalized spaces. In the article, for any spaces L^p_0 (R^n), L^p(R^n) p_0, p ∈ (1,+∞] and any function γ ∈ L^p_0 (R^n) the concept of a set of resonant points of a function γ with respect to the L^p(R^n) is introduced. This set is a subset of {R1 ∪{∞}}^n for any trigonometric polynomial of n variables with respect to any L^p(R^n) represents the spectrum of the polynomial in question. Theorems are written on the representation of each function γ ∈ L^p_0 (R^n) with a nonempty resonant set as the sum of two functions such that the first of them belongs to the L^p_0 (R^n) ∩ L^q(R^n), 1/p + 1/q = 1, and the carrier of the Fourier transform of the second is centered in the neighborhood of the resonant set.
Analytical research of the Hopf bifurcation in the problem of motion of the rattleback
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kuleshov Alexander S. , Pikunova Elizaveta N. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: August 2022

We consider the classical problem of the nonholonomic system dynamics — the problem of motion of a heavy rigid body on an perfectly rough horizontal plane. The effect of loss of stability of permanent rotation of a body at a certain critical value of its angular velocity is discussed. It is proved that this effect is accompanied by the occurrence of periodic motions of the body with a frequency close to the critical value, that is, the Hopf bifurcation takes place. It is proved by direct calculation of the first Lyapunov coefficient that the corresponding periodic motions are unstable.
Nonlinear modal interaction between longitudinal and bending vibrations of a beam resonator under periodic thermal loading
Authors:   St Petersburg State University, Morozov Nikita F. ,   Institute for Problems in Mechanical Engineering of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Indeitsev Dmitriy A. ,   Institute for Problems in Mechanical Engineering of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University, Lukin Alexei V. ,   Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University, Popov Ivan A. ,   Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University, Shtukin Lev V. ,   St Petersburg State University,   Institute for Problems in Mechanical Engineering of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2022

The paper investigates the nonlinear modal interaction of longitudinal and bending vibrations of a beam resonator under periodic thermal loading. The mode of parametric oscillations is investigated under conditions of internal multiple resonance between some flexural and longitudinal forms of free oscillations of the resonator. The possibility of generation in the system of the longitudinal-bending mode was found, the frequency of the slow envelope of which essentially depends on the parameter of the internal frequency detuning, which is directly related to the magnitude of external disturbances subject to high-precision measurement.
Boundary conditions for fluid-dynamic parameters of a single-component gas flow with vibrational deactivation on a solid wall
Authors:   St Petersburg State University, Shakurova Liia A. , Kustova Elena V. ,   St Petersburg State University
Published: August 2022

Boundary conditions for fluid-dynamic parameters of a strongly non-equilibrium singlecomponent rarefied gas flow in the slip regime are obtained using kinetic-theory methods. The gas flow is described in the frame of the state-to-state approach assuming vibrational energy exchange as the slow relaxation process. The set of governing equations including conservation equations coupled with additional relaxation equations for vibrational state populations is presented. The gas-solid surface interaction is considered on the basis of the specular-diffusive model, and possible vibrational deactivation/excitation processes on the wall are taken into account. The obtained boundary conditions depend on the accommodation and deactivation coefficients along with the transport coefficients such as the multi-component vibrational energy diffusion and thermal diffusion coefficients; the thermal conductivity; the bulk and shear viscosity coefficients and the relaxation pressure. The dependence of boundary conditions on the normal mean stress has been obtained for the first time. In the particular case of the gas without internal degrees of freedom, the slip velocity and the temperature jump can be reduced to the well-known in the literature expressions. Implementation of the state-specific boundary conditions should not cause additional computational costs in numerical simulations of viscous flows in the state-to-state approach, since the slip/jump equations depend on the transport coefficients which have to be evaluated regardless of the boundary conditions used in the code.
Study on the factors influencing air valve protection against water hammer with column separation and rejoinder
Authors: Li Xiaozhou , Wang Tao , Zhang Yanhe , Guo Pengcheng
Published: August 2022

Air valves are used to suppress negative water pressures in water transmission pipelines. They also play a key role during the water filling and drainage stages in pipeline systems. However, systematic guidelines for the selection of air valve parameters are lacking. In practical engineering applications, the selection is mainly based on personal experience. If the selected parameters are not appropriate, negative pressures can occur in a pipeline due to insufficient air inflow or destructive water hammer pressures with column separation and rejoinder, which are caused by rapid air discharge. Given the subjectivity of the selection of air valve parameters in engineering applications, this paper introduces the structure and working principle of two different types of air valves. Combined with engineering examples, the one-dimensional transient flow elastic model and the characteristic method are used to conduct numerical simulations in MATLAB to investigate the influences of the air valve type, the inlet and outlet orifice diameters, and the inflow and outflow discharge coefficients on protection against water hammer with column separation and rejoinder. The inflow and outflow coefficients of the anti-slam air valve have a slight influence on preventing water hammers with column separation and rejoinder. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the rational selection of air valves in practical engineering applications.
A techno-economic assessment of nutrient recovery from wastewater using microalgae: scenario in India collected from published literature
Authors: Fathima Jesna , Chatterjee Pritha
Published: August 2022

The true potential of the microalgae-based wastewater treatment (MWT) process is determined based on whether the process will provide a positive energy output and whether it is economically viable. The objectives of this study are dynamic modelling of microalgae growth based on initial wastewater concentration, temperature, solar radiation and a techno-economic assessment for an MWT scheme for application in a hot, dry climate. Through reference to relevant literature data on MWT in the Indian subcontinent, a selection of appropriate microalgal species Chlorella and Scenedesmus was made. The dynamic model developed was successfully calibrated and validated using independent experimental data collected from the published literature. Cost of production of bio-crude from microalgae grown in a hybrid photobioreactor and pond system in kitchen wastewater of Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad was calculated. A break-even selling price (BESP) of US$0.549/kg was obtained for the microalgae biomass. The cost of production of 1 L bio-crude was US$0.96 (Rs 69–74), which is comparable with crude oil cost. The model developed can be used by practising engineers to predict biomass growth and nutrient removal, thereby achieving a break-even point for cost efficiency.
Assessment of the application of cladode cactus mucilage flocculants for hot chemical degreasing electroplating wastewater treatment and reuse: process efficiency and storage stability
Authors: Riahi Khalifa , Chaabane Safa , Werhenin Ammeri Rim , Jaballah Adel , Dörr Michael
Published: August 2022

Pressures related to urban growth and industrial activities exacerbated by climate change had an impact on water resources in Tunisia. The present study examines the application of cladode cactus mucilage (CCM) flocculants for hot alkaline chemical degreasing Zn-electroplating wastewater treatment and reuse (WWTR). The CCM flocculation process was selected through their environmental benefits, economic facilities, sustainable use of the natural biopolymer product, input biopolymers substitution, and on-site treated wastewater (TWW) reuse and recovery. The alum coagulation and CCM flocculation were performed by the jar test series. The suitability of treated wastewater quality (TWWQ) with alum/CCM was also assessed for reuse purpose in terms of corrosion-scaling indices (RSI, LSI, PSI, AI), oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), and microbiological community growth (Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Mesophilic bacteria and yeasts) for 28 days storage at 25 °C. The total alkalinity removal efficiency reached 95.8% with an optimum dosage of alum + CCM for hot alkaline chemical degreasing wastewater bath rinsing. The results showed that the stability of TWWQ has significantly deteriorated during storage leading to aggressive wastewater, pathogen growth, and biological malodor production which make them unsuitable for reuse. Therefore, there is a need for CCM processing alternatives that preserve the physico-chemical and microbial of TWW properties during storage.
Comparing the effects of Cu-Ti/RuO2-IrO2 electrode configuration on the electro-reduction of nitrate
Authors: Shemer Hilla , Semiat Raphael
Published: August 2022

Nitrate pollution is a global problem as it affects both the environment and human health. The objective of this research was to study the effect of electrode configuration on the electro-reduction of nitrate. Coaxial cylindrical (inner rod and outer tube copper cathodes) and vertical plate parallel copper cathodes paired with Ti/RuO2-IrO2 (rod, tube, and plate) configurations were studied under various current densities and initial nitrate concentrations. The efficiency of each configuration was determined based on the removal efficiency of nitrate, specific energy consumption, mass transfer coefficients, and first order rate constants. Additionally, the overall systems’ resistance and geometric factors are discussed. It was found that the performances of the inner rod and outer tube copper cathodes were similar. The vertical plate parallel configuration was superior to the coaxial cylindrical electrode setup, as evident from a higher maximum nitrate removal of 74 and 56% at a current density of 7 mA/cm2 and lower energy consumption of 46.7 × 10−3 and 54.3 × 10−3 kWh/mmol NO3− at 36.4 mA/cm2, respectively. In addition, the mass transfer coefficients and first order rate constants were higher in all conditions tested for the vertical plate parallel configuration.
Towards a decentralized solution for sewer leakage detection – a review
Authors: Sadeghikhah Afshin , Ahmed Ehtesham , Krebs Peter
Published: August 2022

Sewer pipelines often leak due to physical, operational, and environmental deterioration factors. Due to the hidden infrastructure of the sewer systems, leakage detection is often costly, challenging, and crucial at the city scale. Various sewer inspection methods (SIMs) have been developed and implemented at this time. This study evaluates the existing SIMs and categorizes them based on their area of impact (AoI) into three classes. Tier-one (T-I) methods, such as deterioration models and hotspot mapping, tend to grasp a broader and reliable understanding of the sewer systems' structural health and pinpoint the network sections that are more prone to leakage. As an intermediate solution, Tier-two (T-II) non-destructive methods, such as aerial thermal imagery (ATI) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), inspect the potential pipe clusters regardless of their material and visualize the leaked plume generated from defects and cracks. Tier-three (T-III) methods include in-pipe SIMs, such as visual and multi-sensory inspections, that can provide an in-depth understanding of the pipe and its deterioration stage. In this study, we suggest that a sustainable sewer inspection plan should include at least two SIMs belonging to different tiers to provide a dual investigation of precision and AoI, a balance between cost and time as well as an equilibrium between self-sufficiency and decentralization.
La migración haitiana en la región andina y Ecuador: políticas, trayectorias y perfiles
Authors: Ceja Iréri , Ramírez G. Jacques
Published: August 2022

En este artículo se analizan las principales transformaciones de las políticas estatales en la región andina frente a la migración haitiana durante el periodo 2010 a 2019. Además, para el caso de Ecuador se analizan cuantitativamente los perfiles, específicamente sobre la población asentada en la provincia de Pichincha donde radican la mayoría de haitianos. Se plantea que la reconfiguración de los proyectos migratorios permite pensar la migración haitiana dentro de un continuum migratorio en la que los Estados y la sociedad, por acción y omisión, producen y sostienen prácticas y relaciones que mantienen las vidas migrantes al margen; lo que genera la incomodidad, violencia y discriminación necesaria para mantener a los haitianos en movimiento, como un mecanismo de control y exclusión.
Security of Personal Data: a New Look at the Old Problem
Authors:   National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Minzov Anatoly , Nevsky Alexander ,   National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Baronov Oleg ,   National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute
Published: August 2022

The emergence in Europe of a new concept of personal data (PD) protection in 2018 did not find wide coverage in the domestic press. The PD protection system in this concept has changed somewhat in the direction of expanding both the very concept of “personal data”, and in the direction of creating strict mechanisms for ensuring and controlling security. The purpose of the article: the development of a unified model for the presentation of PD to solve certain problems. This allows you to determine the minimum required number of parameters in the PD model with a certain probability of solving these problems and develop a mechanism for responsibility for their processing. The proposed model can be used as a novel approach to solving the problems of secure processing, storage, transfer and liability. Main research methods: system analysis of existing normative and other documents, set theory and algebra of logic. Scientific novelty. A new approach to the description of the PD model is proposed, based on the solution of 2 groups of tasks that require the use of this data. The classes of security threats to the subject of PD in case of their compromise are determined. Requirements for information security systems and mechanisms of responsibility of personal data operators are formulated.
A Model for Assessing the Security of a Complex Network (Part 1)
Authors:   Institute of Control Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kalashnikov Andrey , Bugajskij Konstantin ,   Institute of Control Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2022

Purpose of the article: development of mechanisms for evaluating the actions of agents of complex information systems from the point of view of information security. Research method: game-theoretic models using stochastic modeling methods. The result: the description of the subject area of application of the model is given, it is shown that the actions of the violator and defender can be considered from the point of view of obtaining and further escalation of access rights on the objects of the information system. It is shown that the model of information confrontation between the defender and the violator can be represented by the triple “graph, agent, rules”. The definition of the basic terms and concepts of the model is given. The basic principles of the model functioning have been developed. The possibility of implementing calculations of the results of agents’ activities and the results of the game in the conditions of information uncertainty is shown. A list of basic values of the model is defined that allow calculating the costs and winnings of the participants of the game. The basic rules for calculating costs and winnings have been developed. The input parameters of the model that are set during its initialization are defined. The role and place of “playing with nature” for calculating the basic values of the model are shown.
Research Progress in Elucidating the Mechanisms Underlying Resveratrol
Action on Lung Cancer
Authors: Li Chun-Guang , Ma Yu-Shui , Fu Da , Xin Rui , Shen Biao , Huang Zhong-Yan , Liu Ji-Bin , Li Sha , Jiang Geng-Xi , Zhang Jie , Cao Ya-Hong , Zou Da-Zhi , Li Wen
Published: August 2022

Resveratrol has several functions, including protection of the heart and nervous system
and exerts antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and antitumor effects. It is reported to impede
the occurrence and development of tumors in cancer cell lines, animal models, and clinical
studies. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that it exerts preventive or adjuvant therapeutic
effects in pancreatic, colorectal, prostate, liver, and lung cancers. Mechanistic research reports
show that resveratrol can induce tumor cell apoptosis and autophagy, inhibit cell cycle and angiogenesis,
regulate nuclear factors and cyclooxygenase signal transduction pathways, and inhibit
carcinogens' metabolic activation and alter tumor-related expression patterns; anti-oxidation affects
tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis. However, the exact mechanism underlying its
action remains unclear. This review highlights multiple aspects of the biological impacts and
mechanisms underlying resveratrol action on the occurrence and development of lung cancer.
Discovery of Potential Compounds Against SARS-CoV-2 Based on
3CLpro/RdRp Dual-target: An In silico Approach
Authors: Li Jiaojiao , Zhu Lin , Qin Zheng , Li Zhengfu , Gao Xun , Ji Jing , Shen Jinyang
Published: August 2022

Background:

The COVID-19 outbreak is a serious concern and has caused a great loss to the
global economy. Therefore, COVID-19 has become an urgent public health problem. Although new vaccines
and small molecule drugs are now available, these prevention and treatment methods cannot completely
control the epidemic due to the constant mutation of SARS-CoV-2. Targeting 3CLpro/RdRp is
expected to develop drugs that are not susceptible to the mutation of SARS-COV-2, and it will also have
a certain effect on the coronavirus that may appear in the future.

Objective:

This study aimed to find small molecules against SARS-CoV-2 with research potential and
provide relevant data for the rational development of anti-SARS-COV-2 drugs.

Methods:

Targeting 3CLpro/RdRp, using Shards database (120,000 natural small molecule compounds)
in the ZINC database, adopting a step-by-step screening strategy, and taking Lopinavir, Indinavir, and
Molnupiravir as screening criteria was done. Moreover, the top scoring compounds were screened using
rigid docking, and molecular dynamics simulation and ADME prediction were performed. Finally, the
molecules with better scores were screened out.

Results:

After molecular docking with 3CLpro as the target, 3207 compounds meeting the screening criteria
were obtained. After applying Lipinski's rule of five for drug property screening, 1825 compounds
that met the criteria were obtained. After molecular docking with RdRp as the target, ZINC04259665 has
a good docking score. According to molecular dynamics simulation results, ZINC04259665 is stable in
combination with 3CLpro/RdRp. ADME prediction shows that ZINC04259665 has good druggability.

Conclusion:

Using 3CLpro/RdRp targets and then using a step-by-step strategy to screen the compound
with the highest score through molecular dynamics simulation and ADME prediction, it was found that
ZINC04259665 has good development potential and can be used as a follow-up hit compound for research.
In addition, the data obtained provide relevant information for the rational development of anti-
SARS-COV-2 drugs.
Morphine Use Did Not Eliminate the Effect of Pain on Complications After Acute Myocardial Infarction.
Authors: Abu Taha Anas , AbuRuz Mohannad Eid , Momani Aaliyah
Published: August 2022

Background:

Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) are usually present complaining of severe chest pain. This pain results from an imbalance between oxygen supply and demand, leading to severe complications. Different guidelines recommend using Morphine as a drug of choice for treating this pain.

Objective:

This study aimed to check the effect of chest pain and Morphine use on complications rate after AMI.

Methods:

This was a prospective observational study with a consecutive sample of 300 patients with AMI. Data were collected by direct patients interview and medical records review in the emergency departments & Intensive Care Units (ICU). Any complication developed within the hospital stay and after AMI was recorded. All correlated variables were analyzed using the binary logistic regression model.

Results:

The sample included 176 (58.7%) men and 124 (41.3%) women with a mean age of 56.92±12.13 years. A total of 83 patients (27.7%) developed one or more in-hospital complications. Acute recurrent ischemia was the most frequent complication; 70 (23.3%). Severe chest pain (≥ 7), duration of chest pain (more than 5 minutes), history of previous MI, and history of hypertension increased the occurrence of complications by 13%, 7%, 63%, and 25%, respectively. However, the use of Morphine did not have any protective effect against the development of these complications.

Conclusion:

The severity and duration of chest pain increased the occurrence of complications. Morphine administration did not have any protective effect against the development of these complications. Thus, it is recommended to update different policies and guidelines to use other types of chest pain relief methods, e.g., treating the underlying cause of chest pain and addressing the imbalance between oxygen supply and demand.
Physiology of the Reproductive System
Authors: M. Z. Hamada Mohamed , M. Saadeldin Islam
Published: August 2022

The reproductive system of the living organism is the biological system
made up of all the anatomical organs involved in sexual reproduction. This system
involves the interaction of several fluids and hormones to regulate the functions of the
reproductive system. The ultimate goal of the reproductive system is to successfully
produce gametes (sperms and oocytes) to attain a combination of genetic material
between two individuals, which allows for the possibility of greater genetic fitness of
the offspring. In this chapter, we introduce the physiological process of gonadal
development, male, and female reproductive system, embryo formation, and
development to give the reader the basic concepts for application in the field of assisted
reproductive techniques.
Implementation of a Health Promotion Practice Using Individually Targeted Lifestyle Interventions in Primary Health Care: Protocol for the “Act in Time” Mixed Methods Process Evaluation Study
Authors: Strid Emma Nilsing , Wallin Lars , Nilsagård Ylva
Published: August 2022

Background

There is growing evidence that noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) can be attributable to unhealthy lifestyle habits. However, there has been little application of this knowledge in primary health care (PHC).

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the process and outcomes of a multifaceted implementation strategy for a healthy lifestyle-promoting practice in a PHC setting. This practice is based on national guidelines targeting unhealthy lifestyle habits with a potential risk for NCDs.

Methods

A pre-post implementation study design with a control group is used in a PHC setting in central Sweden. The Medical Research Council guidelines for process evaluation of complex interventions will be applied. The implementation process and outcomes will be assessed using a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods. A strategic sample of up to 6 PHC centers will be included as intervention centers, which will receive a 12-month multifaceted implementation strategy. Up to 6 matched PHC centers will serve as controls. Core components in the implementation strategy are external and internal facilitators in line with the integrated-Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework and the Astrakan change leadership model. Data will be collected at baseline, during the implementation phase, and 4-6 months after the implementation strategy. Questionnaires will be sent to roughly 500 patients in every PHC center and 200 health care professionals (HCPs) before and after implementation. In addition, purposeful sampling will be used for interviews and focus group discussions with managers, HCPs, patient representatives, and internal and external facilitators. Use of data from medical records and activity logs will be an additional data source.

Results

Recruitment of PHC centers began in March 2021 and ended in Spring 2022. Based on the planned timeline with the 12-month implementation strategy and 4-6-month follow-up, we expect to collect the final data in Summer 2023.

Conclusions

This study will explain implementation process and outcomes using a multifaceted implementation strategy for a healthy lifestyle-promoting practice in a real-world PHC context. The study is expected to provide new knowledge about the role of facilitators and their contribution to implementation outcomes. These findings can guide policy makers, managers, and PHC staff to integrate health promotion and disease prevention in PHC and provide methodological support to facilitators.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04799860; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04799860

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/37634