bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prólogo de T. S. Kuhn a la traducción inglesa de Entstehung und Entwicklung einer wissenschaftlichen Tatsache de Ludwik Fleck
Authors: Kuhn Thomas
Published: June 2021

Se trata de la traducción al español, hecha por César Lorenzano, del prólogo escrito por T. S. Kuhn a la traducción inglesa de Entstehung und Entwicklung einer wissenschaftlichen Tatsache de Ludwik Fleck
Analysis of Tube in Tube Heat Exchanger Fitted with Twisted Tape with Square Cut
Authors: Wagh Bhushan B. , Ugale Sachin H. , Vishwakarma Shivanand K. , Kapade Tushar T.
Published: June 2021

Numerical investigations of heat transfer and friction factor characteristics in swirling flow conditions using CFD simulation. A commercial CFD package, Ansys R1 2021, was used in this study. 3D models for circular tube fitted with Square-cut twisted tape (QCT) inserts with two pitch 100mm, 50 mm and different cut depths (d = 4 mm, 5mm and 7 mm) were generated for the simulation. Insertion of twisted tapes into the tubes of the heat exchangers is important for enhancement of heat transfer to increase the performance of heat exchangers. In the present Research work, computational analysis has been carried out to analyse the enhancement of rate of heat transfer using Square cut cross sectional twisted tape inserts in a pipe heat exchanger. Geometrical model of heat exchanger has been generated and computational mesh is created using ICEM CFD, an advanced meshing software. The analysis has been carried out for plain tube and with Square cut cross sectional twisted tape inserts with different twist ratio analyse the temperature distribution, velocity distribution and pressure distribution along the tubes and shell using ICEM CFD.
Water Flow Control Valve
Authors: Marathe Anurag , Aware Anil , Bagul Pratik , Mogal Prof. Yogesh
Published: June 2021

A water flow control valve is very important tool as per mechanical industry. Present invention in general relates to the field of mechanical engineering and more specifically to water flow control valve, which comprises of Y shape pipe and on/off circle ring. Controlling the water flow is not easy task it is time consuming and simultaneously required more labor which is both slow and exhausting task. Also in simple "Y" shape pipe (two different directions), one cannot control the flow or direction in that shape. Thus there is an urgent need to design and develop am improved system or device for controlling the flow of water. Many attempts are made for the same and few of them are discussed below. CN104373661A discloses power-off protection type water flow control valve. A magnet is fixed to a valve rod, a coil can drive the valve rod, which is driven by the magnet, to move vertically in a reciprocating mode, and a control circuit makes the valve be opened or closed through control over the current direction of the coil. Compared with the prior art, the power-off protection type water flow control valve has the advantages of being capable of effectively lowering the using cost of a user, long in service life, capable of performing water flow protection in case of power-off and providing a manual opening and closing function so that using can be not affected for the user even under the power-off condition, reliable in performance, capable of being assembled or manufactured in an integrated mode and convenient to produce; the opening or closing state can be kept without current, and energy consumption is low.
Optimasi Formula Patch Transdermal Ekstrak Etanol Daun Seledri untuk Pengobatan Hipertensi
Authors: Pramesti Ni Kadek Ayu , Pradina Putri I Putu Mas Arie , Shinta Ni Putu Mas Arya , Prasetia I Gusti Ngurah Jemmy Anton
Published: June 2021

Pendahuluan: Hipertensi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan terbesar bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Daun seledri merupakan salah satu tanaman yang dapat digunakan untuk mengobati penyakit hipertensi. Penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun seledri dengan dosis 150 mg/hari dapat menurunkan tekanan darah. Obat antihipertensi memiliki bioavailabilitas oral yang rendah karena mengalami first pass metabolism di hati. Penggunaan patch transdermal dapat meningkatkan kenyamanan pasien dan dapat memperbaiki biaovaibilitas oral yang rendah. Salah satu komponen penting dalam sediaan patch adalah matriks polimer yang terdiri dari polimer hidrofilik (PVP K-30) dan hidrofobik (EC N-20).

Metode: penulisan artikel review ini menggunakan kajian pustaka hasil review dan evaluasi dari jurnal-jurnal penelitian.

Hasil: Optimasi formula sediaan patch transdermal dilakukan dengan menggunakan tiga variasi perbandingan PVP K-30 dan EC N-20 untuk matriks polimer patch transdermal yaitu 1:2, 2:3, dan 1:3. Formula patch transdermal ekstrak etanol daun seledri terbaik ditinjau dari parameter karakteristik fisik dan berpotensi memberikan pelepasan bahan aktif secara optimal untuk menurunkan tekanan darah yaitu formula dengan kombinasi matriks polimer PVP K-30 dan EC N-20 2:3.

Kesimpulan: penulisan artikel review ini adalah memperoleh perbandingan polimer hidrofilik (PVP K-30) dan polimer hidrofobik (EC N-20) terbaik pada sediaan patch ekstrak daun seledri (Apium graveolens) yang berpotensi memberikan pelepasan bahan aktif secara optimal untuk menurunkan tekanan darah.
Certain expansion formulae of incomplete $I$-functions associated with the Leibniz rule
Authors: Meena Sapna , Bhatter Sanjay , Jangid Kamlesh , Purohit Sunil Dutt
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we determine some expansion formulae of the incomplete I-functions in affiliation with the Leibniz rule for the Riemann-Liouville type derivatives. Further, expansion formulae of the incomplete $\overline{I}$-function, incomplete $\overline{H}$-function, and incomplete H-function are conferred as extraordinary instances of our primary outcomes.
Generalized discrete operators
Authors: Ferreira Rui
Published: June 2021

We define a class of discrete operators that, in particular, include the delta and nabla fractional operators. Moreover, we prove the fundamental theorem of calculus for these operators.
Re-contextualisation and the Transformation of Meanings: A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Islamic State Pedagogical Discourse in Iraq
Authors: Shakir Hussein Khalid
Published: June 2021

This article is an attempt to investigate the recontextualisation and transformation process involved in the pedagogic discourse of Islamic State classroom textbooks during its takeover of some parts of Iraq. The article uses an eclectic analytical framework comprising Bernstein's pedagogical model of recontextualization, Linell's levels of recontextualization, Fairclough's concept of genre mixing, Wodak's discourse-historical approach (DHA), and Barthes' model of visual semiotics. These mixed approaches are applied to the analysis of a variety of visual images of Islamic State published textbooks and classroom pedagogic visual aids downloaded from different websites. It is found that the meaning of the pedagogic discourse is transformed via interdiscursive recontextualisation processed in two reversal directions: a militarization of pedagogic discourse and a pedagogization of decapitation practice. Recontextualisation is exceptionally significant with regard to Islamic State jihadist pedagogic discourse that is reframed historically and ideologically to suit an extreme sense of religious intolerance which Islamic State prioritizes as a foundation of regaining and refreshing their lost Islamic caliphate.
Percepción y actitud de los estudiantes universitarios respecto al cambio climático
Authors: Miranda Velázquez Elizabeth , Betancourt Quintero Bárbara , Reyes Romero José Manuel , Gallegos Gallegos Edith Marlene , Velásquez Morocho Brenda Nicole , Santos Luna Jovanny Angelina
Published: June 2021

El cambio climático constituye un peligro para la salud humana y ambiental global. El personal de salud debe ejercer funciones de protección, promoción, vigilancia y prevención, teniendo en cuenta las competencias, habilidades y actitudes que adquirieron para incorporarse como profesionales en el campo de la salud, por lo tanto, debe fomentar ecoestrategias comunitarias en educación ambiental para su preservación. El presente estudio procuro identificar la percepción y actitud frente al cambio climático de los estudiantes universitarios de enfermería de la Universidad Técnica de Machala. Investigación científica, transversal, descriptiva y analítica efectuada en la población universitaria de la carrera de enfermería durante los meses de mayo - septiembre del 2019. El tamaño de la muestra fue de 287 sujetos. Se aplicó un muestreo aleatorio simple, con cuestionario avalado de quince preguntas cerradas en escala Likert. El porcentaje de información, se evidenció así: 32 alumnos plasmaron que el cambio climático surge por causas naturales y humanas lo que corresponde al 11,15% de la población total estudiada. Además, encontramos que no todos los estudiantes adoptaron medidas individuales para mitigar los riesgos ambientales, pero sí conocen de sus causas y efectos. El personal de salud debe difundir a la comunidad la creación de entornos saludables para prevenir enfermedades y salvar al planeta de la degradación ambiental. Además, diseñar un programa en educación ambiental, cuyas acciones estén orientadas a que el individuo tome conciencia de la importancia de modificar sus actitudes frente a las problemáticas ambientales suscitadas en la actualidad.
Estrategias de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje y Construcción de Aprendizajes Significativos
Authors: Roman María Magdalena , Tusa Fernanda , Tusa Contardo
Published: June 2021

Esta investigación de naturaleza descriptiva analiza el tema de los aprendizajes significativos, un paradigma que ha cobrado vigencia en los últimos años en la Educación Superior y que merece un especial foco de interés dentro del debate educativo contemporáneo. Para el abordaje del objeto de estudio se ha procedido a una revisión bibliográfica tomando como corpus teórico libros, revistas y artículos científicos indexados. Asimismo, se ha empleado la entrevista a profundidad a 29 docentes de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Técnica de Machala (UTMACH). Como resultado se expone el análisis de las entrevistas tabuladas en gráficos estadísticos y su correspondiente discusión de datos. Ello se realiza con el fin de indagar en torno a los métodos de enseñanza-aprendizaje más aplicados por el claustro docente. Finalmente, la conclusión enfatiza en los beneficios pedagógicos de los aprendizajes significativos como paradigma emergente y transformador de la educación centrada en el aprendizaje.
Modelado 3D de la muralla de la Macarena (Sevilla). Propuesta metodológica para su integración en trabajos de gestión cartográfica digital
Authors: Cabrera-Revuelta Elena , Mascort-Albea Emilio J. , Hidalgo-Sánchez Francisco M. , Romero-Hernández Rocío , Canivell Jacinto
Published: June 2021

Los estudios de conservación sobre un bien arquitectónico constituyen un soporte sólido para futuras intervenciones. En concreto, la Gestión Cartográfica Digital aboga por el uso de modelos simplificados que permiten alcanzar distintos niveles de definición, según la escala arquitectónica deseada. Partiendo de estudios previos en los que se han logrado obtener cuatro niveles de definición, se tiene como objetivo definir un quinto nivel a partir de un modelo 3D. Para ello, se propone como caso de estudio la Muralla de La Macarena (Sevilla). En este trabajo se realiza el levantamiento fotogramétrico de un tramo del sector de esta muralla medieval, a partir del cual se identifican las entidades que formarán parte de un quinto nivel de definición.
El dibujo como guía entre el estudio previo y la intervención. El “Castellet” de Orba (Orba-Murla, Alicante. España)
Authors: Paredes Vañó Enric Alfons
Published: June 2021

Desde finales de 2016 se desarrollan acciones de salvaguarda y protección en El Castellet (situado en las localidades de Orba y Murla). Se trata de una fortificación medieval de relevante interés y, curiosamente, bastante relegada por la comunidad científica. Los trabajos, desarrollados hasta la fecha se organizan en tres fases, iniciándose con la investigación y el análisis previo, que ha conducido a la redacción de proyectos de intervención, que a su vez han articulado el desarrollo de los primeros trabajos “in situ”, consistentes en actuaciones arqueológicas, obras de consolidación de urgencia y mínima puesta en valor del conjunto, que han sacado a flote un interesante conjunto patrimonial. La primicia de estos trabajos ha generado un material (gráfico y documental) excepcional, ya que define su ruinoso estado inicial y posteriormente documenta el proceso de recuperación hacia un período de conocimiento preliminar y mejoría considerable, lo que permite seguir caminando hacia un futuro patrimonial digno.
La literatura infantil y juvenil en la trayectoria lectora de futuros maestros: creencias, lecturas y necesidades formativas
Authors: Gómez Rubio Gema
Published: June 2021

Este trabajo examina la importancia de la literatura infantil y juvenil en la trayectoria lectora de dos promociones de futuros docentes, con el fin de detectar sus necesidades formativas y proponer medidas y estrategias dirigidas a compensarlas. Para ello se analiza un corpus de 256 autobiografías lectoras —escritas por estudiantes matriculados en los grados de magisterio de una Facultad de Educación del centro de España— del que se extrae información relativa a sus conocimientos sobre la literatura infantil y juvenil: el repertorio de obras que consideran un hito o un fracaso en su trayectoria, los cambios experimentados por sus hábitos lectores a lo largo de su vida académica y las personas o circunstancias que han influido en sus lecturas. Aparte de servir como análisis de necesidades y guiar su proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, los datos obtenidos se comparten con los estudiantes con el fin de provocar su reflexión e implicarlos en la selección de medidas que han de implementarse en el aula.
Ressenya del llibre: L'art de fer classe (segons un lingüista), de Daniel Cassany.
Authors: Monferrer Palmer Aina
Published: June 2021

Ressenya del llibre: L'art de fer classe (segons un lingüista), de Daniel Cassany.
Reseña del libro: Entre la lectura, la escritura y la educación. Paradigmas de investigación en Didáctica de la Literatura y la Lengua, Ballester-Roca, J. e Ibarra-Rius, N. (coords.)
Authors: Oviedo Seguer Jordi
Published: June 2021

Reseña del libro "Entre la lectura, la escritura y la educación. Paradigmas de investigación en Didáctica de la Literatura y la Lengua", Ballester-Roca, J. e Ibarra-Rius, N. (coords.).
Presentación Monográfico
Authors: Uribe Álvarez Graciela , Camargo Martínez Zahyra
Published: June 2021

Presentación de la importancia del monográfico y de los artículos que se incluyen
Comunidades educadoras: primeros pasos en la construcción de una utopía
Authors: Elías Hernández J.A. , Cervantes Arreola D.I. , Anguiano Escobar B. , Altamirano Pérez L.E.
Published: June 2021

La investigación educativa ha demostrado que las experiencias que buscan la democratización de la organización escolar y la generación de vínculos de colaboración al interior y al exterior de la escuela, favorecen el logro de los propósitos formativos. Desde esta perspectiva, un colectivo de profesionales de la educación se propuso desarrollar una experiencia educativa que articulara los esfuerzos de la universidad, la sociedad civil organizada, la escuela pública y la comunidad que la alberga, con objeto de construir un proyecto orientado a la mejora de los procesos en una escuela primaria; asimismo, reflexionar sobre el concepto de comunidad educadora, que se inspira y nutre del trabajo teórico y experiencial desarrollado en torno a los conceptos de comunidades de aprendizaje y ciudades educadoras. La presente comunicación muestra los primeros pasos en la conformación de esta comunidad y el desarrollo de un diagnóstico participativo, que involucró a 93 docentes y personal directivo de educación primaria, para el cual se utilizaron las técnicas de taller investigativo y grupos de discusión, además de la herramienta de análisis de problemas, en el marco de un proyecto de investigación-acción participativa de enfoque cualitativo. El ejercicio permitió identificar una matriz de problemas y establecer acciones prioritarias para trazar una ruta de trabajo. Al respecto, el colectivo coincidió en estudiar e incidir en los procesos de vinculación escuela-comunidad como punto de partida. Este esfuerzo colaborativo hizo posible identificar el potencial de las experiencias participativas, además de la recuperación de aprendizajes para la continuidad de la experiencia.
Reusing railway infraestructures in the spirit of circular construction. A contribution to an operational concept
Authors: Cardoso de Matos Ana , Lourencetti Fernanda De Lima
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to be a contribution to establish a position to the reuse of obsolete railway buildings in the field of circular construction. Recent discussions argue that considering that the circular economy is only related to the use of materials or waste is a misconception. The reuse of buildings is also an issue circular architecture. The European Union itself, since 2002, supports the Programme ESPON - European Territorial Cooperation Programme, which incisively inserts obsolete buildings in the "spirit of the circular economy", giving greater attention to industrial areas undergoing change and deindustrialisation. Considering that the concepts of circular construction and circular architecture originated in the circular economy, which emerged as a way to promote and ensure urban sustainability, this article addresses in a first moment the concept of circular construction from the first documents developed in the context of sustainable development to the latest policies proposed by ESPON. It also analyses the reuse of obsolete railway spaces based on the analysis of some emblematic examples of reuse, namely the Musée d'Orsay and the Promenade Plantée in Paris. These two examples represent different types of railway infrastructure and their fate will frame the reuse of railway buildings within the concept of circular construction.
Polymorphisms in coding and non-coding regions of rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) myogenin (MyoG) gene
Authors: Migdał Łukasz , Pałka Sylwia
Published: June 2021

In animal breeding, selection based on growth is very often used, as this trait affects the profitability of animal production. Identification of  polymorphisms within the genes affecting the growth process seems to be very important. Therefore, we decided to analyse rabbit myogenin (MyoG gene) for potential polymorphic sites and their association with growth and carcass traits in Termond White (TER), Belgian Giant Grey (BGG) and crossbred New Zealand White×Belgian Giant Grey (NZW×BGG) rabbits. We found three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) – in 5’ upstream sequence g.68679476 C>T, in exon 1 – silent mutation g.68680096 T>C and g.68680097 G>A resulting in change of GTG triplet (valine) into ATG triplet (methionine). Association analysis showed that GG genotype weaning weight was statistically higher compared to GA in TER population (P=0.005), and that the hind parts for GG genotypes were heavier compared to those of GA (P=0.024), but association analysis of dissectible parts showed this was caused by higher bone weight (P=0.015). For g.68679476 C>T in NZW×BGG population, the CC genotypes for fore (678±35) and hind part (615±29) weights were heavier compared to CT (588±16 and 549±13, respectively); moreover, association analysis of dissectible parts showed that weight of dissectible meat in hind part. Unfortunately, we did not find similar associations for other analysed breeds. For g.68679476 C>T in NZWxBGG musculus longissimus lumborum pH leg after 24 h chilling (pH24L) were statistically lower for CC genotypes compared to CT (P=0.027). For g.68680097 G>A in Termond White population L* value on the hind leg after 24 h chilling (L*24H) was higher for GA genotypes compared to GG (P=0.03), while for g.68679476 C>T for musculus longissimus lumborum L* value after 24 h (L*24L) CC genotypes had higher value compared to CT (P=0.016) in BGG population. Moreover, in BGG population CT genotypes had higher weaning weight compared to CC (P=0.018). Our results show that SNPs within the MyoG gene may influence growth traits in some rabbit breeds, but the evolutionary conserved sequence may not be favourable for changes within coding sequences. For a better understanding thereof, additional analysis is required.
Recomendaciones de políticas públicas para la garantía de derechos y la prevención de la pérdida del cuidado parental de los hijos y las hijas menores de edad de las personas privadas de la libertad
Authors: Camacho Rodríguez Sandra , Jaramillo Aguirre Andrea , Bustos Ramírez Martha , García Marroquín Claudia
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es brindar recomendaciones de políticas públicas que garanticen las condiciones de acceso efectivo a la justicia, el apoyo y la protección del Estado para prevenir y evitar que los hijos y las hijas menores de edad pierdan el cuidado parental mientras sus padres cumplen una medida privativa de libertad. El artículo aborda cuatro puntos frente a la atención de los reclusos: a) el fortalecimiento del marco legal y jurisprudencial sobre la garantía de derechos de personas privadas de la libertad en relación con sus hijos e hijas menores de edad; b) las orientaciones para la formulación, la armonización y la implementación de las políticas públicas nacionales en torno a la garantía de derechos de la población en situación de alta vulnerabilidad en contextos carcelarios, mediante los planes de desarrollo nacional y territorial, enfocados en el fortalecimiento de planes, programas, proyectos y estrategias de protección integral para las familias de la población carcelaria; c) la cobertura del Sistema Nacional de Protección a los hijos y las hijas menores de edad de las personas privadas de libertad, a través de acciones que prevengan la pérdida del cuidado parental, incluyendo la Medida Administrativa de Restablecimiento de Derechos, durante los períodos de reclusión de los progenitores; y d) la necesidad del fortalecimiento de las modalidades de atención para los hijos y las hijas menores de edad de las personas privadas de libertad, tanto en establecimientos de reclusión como fuera de ellos, desde la oferta Estatal.
O pravnom poretku Petra I Petrovića Njegoša
Authors: Stojanović Matija
Published: June 2021

A lot has been written about the legal order of Petar I Petrović Njegoš; this question has puzzled legal historians and theoreticians ever since the 19th century, the main question being, whether such an order ever came to be. The problem is not whether any legal norms at the time had been proclaimed, but rather whether these norms, once they were proclaimed, had ever been systematically implemented in a manner that would enable us to state that they formed a legal order. Therefore, this question includes two components – one regarding historical evidence, the other regarding the way this evidence can be valued within legal theory. This work will provide a critical examination of the historical timeline concerning this problem, and the way it has been treated in literature so far – providing the reader with an original interpretation of both.
Ichthyofauna Checklist in Tributaries of Muda Reservoir, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Rosli Nor Aziella , Mohd Noor Nurul Shafikah , Md Zain Khaironizam
Published: June 2021

Ichthyofauna checklist was scrutinized in tributaries of Muda Reservoir. A total of 5998 specimens were caught using a cast net of 2.5 cm mesh size. Amongst these specimen, 30 fish species from 12 families were recorded. The most dominant fish family in this lotic ecosystem was Cyprinidae. Rasbora dusonensis, Cyclocheilichthys apogon and Mystacoleucus marginatus recorded the uppermost distribution compared to other fish species found in this tributaries. Six fish species were the newly recorded species found in tributaries of Muda Reservoir; Barbonymus gonionotus, Luciosoma setigerum, Toxabramis houdemeri, Mystus singaringan, Anabas testudineus and Trichopodus pectoralis. In accordance with the previous combination of recorded fish species in tributaries of Muda Reservoir, a total of 57 updated total numbers of fish species were recorded. The information obtained in present study will update the latest ichthyofauna checklist in tributaries of Muda Reservoir, as well as for the future comparison in other geographical locations.
Epilithic Diatoms Diversity in The Reservoir of Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang
Authors: Afifah Jihan , Hariyati Riche , Soeprobowati Tri Retnaningsih
Published: June 2021

Diatom biodiversity is an increasing concern due to growing human impact, the study was carried out in one of the most important water storage reservoirs of Tembalang Region. The anthropogenic activity influence of diatom diversity in the UNDIP Reservoir.  The reservoir of Universitas Diponegoro (UNDIP) Semarang was an area of 1.24 km2, with the deepest part of 15 meters, and able to accommodate water up to 13500 m3. This study aims to determine the relative abundance, diversity, evenness, dominance of diatoms and is expected to provide information about the condition of the waters in the Diponegoro University Reservoir, Semarang. Littoral benthic diatoms of five locations were sampled. Diatoms slides were prepared from scraping the rock surface with an area of 3x3 cm, dilute in 50 ml distilled water, and identification under the microscope with 1000 magnification. Analysis of the physical characteristics of the waters includes Temperature, pH, DO, TDS, Conductivity, and Turbidity. The diatom composition in UNDIP Reservoir consists of 72 species that belong to 20 genera. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') ranges from 2-3. The dominance index (D) ranges from 0.05-0.17. The Evenness index (E) ranges from 0.54-0.90. Water quality parameters showed a fairly good value in the growth of diatoms. Dominated by periphytic taxa such as Cyclotella meneghiniana (15.72%), Brachysira microcephala (9.93%), and Achnanthidium minutissima (6.84%) which are widely distributed and live at temperatures of 20-30?C and pH >6.
PENGEMBANGAN E-LEARNING MENGGUNAKAN ADOBE ANIMATE CREATIVE CLOUD DENGAN PENERAPAN METODE MULTIMEDIA DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE (MDLC)
Authors: Ninuk Riswandari  , Nurma Yuwita  , Setiadi Gatut
Published: June 2021

Materi pembelajaran akan lebih menarik minat belajar peserta didik jika disajikan secara interaktif, maka peneliti memanfaatkan sebuah aplikasi yakni Adobe Animate Creative Cloud untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran interaktif, karena aplikasi ini merupakan salah satu aplikasi yang dapat digunakan untuk menggabungkan multimedia seperti gambar, audio, film, dan animasi. Sekolah yang menjadi tempat penelitian untuk pengembangan media pembelajaran interaktif keberagaman SARA adalah SMP Bhinneka Tunggal Ika yang terdapat di Desa Sengonagung, Kabupaten Pasururan. Berdasarkan hasil observasi diketahui: (1) kurikulum untuk kelas VII telah menggunakan kurikulum 2013, (2) belum adanya media pembelajaran interaktif PPKn dengan memuat materi pelajaran tentang keberagaman SARA pada kelas VII, (3) terdapat sebuah laboratorium komputer yang memadai untuk pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran interaktif. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengembangkan media ini adalah metode Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC). Tujuan dari penelitian pengembangan media pembelajaran keberagaman SARA  yaitu: 1) memberikan media pembelajaran interaktif tentang keberagaman SARA berbentuk flash dengan format (.exe); 2) memudahkan guru dalam menyampaikan materi keberagaman SARA dan juga memudahkan peserta didik dalam memahami keberagaman SARA. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan interpretatif-konstruktivis, sedangkan metodologi yang digunakan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Metode dalam pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Media pembelajaran interaktif yang dikembangkan di dalamnya memuat tentang 4 bagian yakni 1) Kompetensi Dasar, 2) Bahan Ajar, 3) Soal Latihan, dan 4) Materi Pendukung. Selanjutnya media pembelajaran interaktif keberagaman SARA telah melalui beberapa penilaian dengan hasil Layak dan Baik, kemudian di kemas dalam bentuk DVD dengan format file (.exe), lalu didistribusikan kepada pengguna yakni guru dan peserta didik di SMP Bhinneka Tunggal Ika dengan tujuan agar dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran PPKn khususnya tentang keberagaman SARA.
Análise dos gastos com manutenção e compras de equipamentos em uma secretaria de saúde de um município do estado do Paraná nos anos de 2011 e 2012
Authors: Machado Alessandra Vieira de Mello Bueno
Published: June 2021

O tema referente ao gasto com compras e manutenção de equipamentos é pouco discutido cientificamente e possui insuficientes exemplos na literatura sobre o sucesso do controle dos processos de compra e manutenção de equipamentos para a área da saúde. É necessária a existência de dotação orçamentária municipal reservada para aquisição de novos equipamentos para serem utilizados nas Unidades de Saúde, bem como reserva de recursos para manutenção nos aparelhos já existentes. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar os valores com as compras de equipamentos permanentes e gastos com os contratos de manutenção de equipamentos permanentes do Almoxarifado da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. Para tal, realizou-se uma pesquisa de campo, social, descritiva, exploratória, com a utilização de métodos quantitativo e qualitativo. Os resultados auferidos foram positivos dos quais podem surgir novas estratégias e ações efetivas para o auxílio na gestão municipal. Foi possível registrar que o planejamento orçamentário municipal é o principal recurso que o município possui para priorizar seu gerenciamento de custos, sendo apontadas as inúmeras vantagens da gestão eficiente, eficaz e efetiva de equipamentos médico-hospitalares, por meio de aquisição ou manutenção adequada, desde que haja instrumentos que facilitem a transparência nas informações, no planejamento e na gestão municipal.
Desafios e possibilidades à participação política dos alunos do ensino médio do Colégio Estadual Novo Horizonte - Toledo / PR
Authors: Oliveira Anna Carolina Alessandra Catarina Alves de , Contini Elvis
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo reflete sobre a participação política dos estudantes do Ensino Médio do Colégio Estadual Novo Horizonte, localizado em Toledo / PR. Para entender os desafios e possibilidades encontrados por estes alunos para a participação política, buscou-se conceituá-la, e ainda destacar as transformações na participação estudantil ao longo do tempo, citando a importância do movimento estudantil na história da democracia brasileira e comentando as novas formas de participação da juventude, através do ativismo digital, demonstrado nas manifestações de junho de 2013. Longe de pretender aprofundar ou esgotar este tema, analisou-se os dados da pesquisa obtida junto aos alunos à luz destas informações, e a relação entre a participação ou a não participação destes, com o trabalho desempenhado pelos educadores no Colégio.
Nicholas Malebranche’da Zihnin İşlevi
Authors: DURMAZ Nihat
Published: June 2021

Descartes’tan sonra Fransız felsefesinin en önemli filozoflarından biri olan Malebranche, ruh/beden düalizmini benimseyerek Kartezyen felsefenin çerçevesi içinde kalmıştır. Ancak çağdaş zihin felsefesinde etkili yaklaşımların monist bir yapıyı benimsemesi düalist yaklaşımların gücünü azaltmıştır. Nitekim materyalizm, felsefi davranışçılık, fonksiyonalizm gibi çağdaş kuramlar, zihni ve zihinsel olanı gözlemlenebilir olanla eşdeğer görürler. Böylesi bir temel farklılığa rağmen materyalizm gibi çağdaş zihin kuramlarının zihni pasif bir yapıda kabul etmesi Malebranche’ın görüşleriyle benzerlik göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada Malebranche’ın duygu, imgelem ve tutkulardan azade bir şekilde zihni ne tür bir yapıda ele aldığı, ruh/beden düalizminde zihne nasıl bir misyon yüklediği, zihinde var olan kavramları nesnelerle nasıl ilişkilendirdiği ve bu ilişkide Tanrı’nın pozisyonunu nasıl belirlediği üzerinde durulacaktır. Ayrıca zihin ve beden arasındaki ilişkinin çağdaş zihin araştırmalarıyla nasıl bir ilişki içinde olduğu genel hatlarıyla ele alınacaktır.
Passive Smoking and Congenital Heart Defects in Offspring among Bangladesh
Authors: Mamun Mohammad Abdullah Al , Hussain Manzoor , Khan Md. Khalid Ebna Shahid
Published: June 2021

Objective: Maternal active smoking is significantly associated with an increased risk of congenital heart defects (CHDs), but the association between maternal passive smoking and risk of CHDs is inconclusive. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of passive smoking and the risk of development of CHD among Bangladeshi population. Methodology: It was a case control study, conducted from July 2018 to July 2019 in Paediatric Cardiology department of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital. Parents of the children with CHD visiting the out-patient department of Dhaka Shishu Hospital was considered as cases. Controls were taken from parents of the children who don’t have congenital heart disease. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect information on maternal active and passive smoking. Data was collected by using a structured questionnaire containing all the variables of interest and analyzed by using SPSS version 21. Chi square test (ꭓ2), Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the associations between maternal passive smoking and all CHDs. Risk factors on bivariate analysis were introduced into a logistic regression model as independent factors and dependent variable was CHDs to find out the association between CHDs and maternal passive smoking.  Results:  Among case group no mother was active smoker, 51.9% were passive smoker and most of the cases source was husband, 19.6% took smokeless tobacco or green tobacco, 55.8% took tea and 5.8% took coffee during pregnancy period. On logistic regression analysis passive smoking (p=0.019) was independently associated with CHDs. Mother with passive smoking exposure had 1.5 times risk of developing CHDs compared to those who were not exposed. Conclusions: Passive smoking is significantly associated with CHDs.
Interferensi Bahasa Bugis terhadap Penggunaan Bahasa Indonesia Siswa SMP dalam Berkomunikasi
Authors: Sriwahyuni Sriwahyuni , Ghazali Samad Ahmad
Published: June 2021

Berdasarkan keadaan yang mengharuskan bahwa dalam proses pembelajaran bahasa yang baik haruslah berbahasa sesuai dengan kaidah. Tetapi, realitanya, kesalahan berbahasa Indonesia masih sering saja ditemukan di sekolah-sekolah. Penyebabnya adalah pemerolehan bahasa dan penguasaan bahasa yang lebih dari satu (bilingual). Oleh karna itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk interferensi bahasa Bugis terhadap penggunaan bahasa Indonesia yang digunakan oleh siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan dialog langsung dengan siswa, mengamati para siswa dalam berkomunikasi (dalam proses pembelajaran). Hasil penelitian ini adalah ada kecenderungan bagi siswa SMP Negeri 1 Pammana untuk melakukan interferensi bahasa Bugis ketika berkomunikasi atau bertutur dalam bahasa Indonesia, hal ini dilakukan bahkan pada saat situasi formal.
Surgical anatomy of the superior gluteal artery and internal iliac vein in individuals of the brahimorphic somatotype
Authors: Shkvarko M. G. , Radetskaya K. A. , Smith O. , Zhdanovich V. N. , Malov A. E.
Published: June 2021

Objective:to determine the variants of the syntopy of the internal iliac vein (IIV) and superior gluteal artery (SGA) in individuals of the brachimorphic somatotype.

Materials and methods.The material for research was 29 dead bodies of males (from 25 to 82 years) and 11 dead bodies of females (from 28 to 78 years) who had died of causes not related to pelvic pathology. The vascular injection, preparation methods, and statistical processing of the obtained data were used to achieve the objective.

Results.It has been found that, regardless of gender, the frequency of variants of the spatial localization of IIV and SGA, in which it is relatively safe to perform a. glutea superior ligation, is approximately equal, which is ≈ 24 % for men and ≈ 23 % for women.

Conclusion.The performed study has showed that the variants of IIV and SGA syntopy, in which it is advisable to perform IIA ligation, are much more common than types of the spatial localization of v. iliacainterna and a. glutea superior in which selective ligation of SGA is possible.
Superior cluneal nerve neuropathy: unsolved issues of radiodiagnostics
Authors: Yurkovskiy A. M. , Melnikova A. S. , Nazarenko I. V. , Pismennikova E. I.
Published: June 2021

Objective: tosystematize and analyze data on the anatomical and morphological characteristics of the superior cluneal nerves and to consider the potential of the application of medical imaging techniques for the diagnosis of their damage.

Materials and methods.We studied original publications deposited in PubMed resources and the information portal eLIBRARY.RU which contained information on the application of imaging techniques for the diagnosis of superior cluneal nerve neuropathy.

Results.The work highlights the most important aspects relating to the potential of the application of imaging techniques in the diagnosis of superior cluneal nerve neuropathy.

Conclusion.Modern methods of radiodiagnostics make it possible to provide visualization of superior cluneal nerve neuropathy. However, the lack of reliable diagnostic criteria does not allow of trustworthy diagnosis of this pathology and, accordingly, of veriﬁcation of associated low back pain cases.
Voleybol Hakemlerinin Empatik Eğilimleri ve Hakem Öz Yeterliliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: SEVİNÇ Kadir , GEREK Zinnur , ARSLAN Eylem
Published: June 2021

Bu araştırmada voleybol hakemlerinin empatik eğilimleri ve hakem öz yeterliklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma grubunu, 2020-2021 sezonunda Türkiye Voleybol Federasyonuna bağlı ve aktif bir şekilde görev alan 436 voleybol hakem ve adayı (190 Kadın, 246 Erkek) oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Empatik Eğilim Ölçeği ve Hakem Öz Yeterlik Ölçeği (HÖYÖ) kullanılmıştır. Veriler IBM SPSS 21 programına aktarılmış ve istatistiki analizler yapılmıştır. Verilerin normal dağılım gösterip göstermediğini tespit etmek için Shapiro-Wilk testi uygulanmıştır. Analizlerde anlamlılık düzeyi p<0.5 kabul edilmiştir. Cinsiyet ve medeni durum değişkenine ait verilerin analizinde Independent T testi uygulanmıştır. Voleybol hakemlerinin yaş, eğitim durumu, gelir düzeyi ve hakemlik derecesi ve hakemlik yılı değişkenlerinin analizinde One Way Anova testi uygulanmıştır. One Way Anova testi sonucunda anlamlı farklılıkların hangi gruplar arasında olduğunu belirlemek için Post Hoc testlerinden LSD yapılmıştır. Voleybol hakemlerinin empatik eğilimleri ve hakem öz yeterlilikleri arasındaki ilişkinin saptanması için Pearson Korelasyon analizi ve değişkenlerin birbirlerini yordama biçimlerini belirlemek için Basit Doğrusal Regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda voleybol hakemlerinin empatik eğilimleri ve hakem öz yeterliliklerinde cinsiyet, yaş, hakemlik derecesi ve hakemlik yılı düzeylerinde anlamlı farklar tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Araştırma sonuçları incelendiğinde cinsiyetin, yaşın, hakemlik derecesinin ve hakemlik yılının voleybol hakemlerinin empatik eğilimini ve hakem öz yeterlilik düzeylerini belirleyicileri arasında yer aldığı ve hakemlerinin empatik eğilim puanlarının artması durumunda hakem öz-yeterlilik puanlarının da artacağı söylenebilir.
The synthesis and crystallographic characterization of 4-methylbenzenesulfonamide derivatives
Authors: Stenfors Brock Anton , Ngassa Felix Nyuangem
Published: June 2021

The sulfonamide moiety is present among a variety of biologically significant compounds. A facile synthesis is necessary to produce a variety of sulfonamides with the potential to improve human health. Herein, we report a facile methodology for the synthesis of 4-methylbenzenesulfonamides, amenable to a broad range of nitrogen nucleophiles. Implementing a semi-miscible biphasic solvent system resulted in higher yields, decreased reaction times, and a simplified workup over preliminary methods. Additionally, the crystal structures of five novel sulfonamide compounds and two polymorphs, have been determined by X-ray diffraction. Results obtained through spectroscopic characterization support the successful formation of the desired 4-methylbenzenesulfonamides.
Antimicrobial and catalytic applications of TiO2 nanoparticles prepared from titanium(IV)-Schiff base complexes as precursor
Authors: Uddin Mohammad Nasir , Mahmud Tareq , Shumi Wahhida , Ullah AKM Atique
Published: June 2021

Attempts have been made to synthesis titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles using titanium (IV) complexes of Schiff base (TiOL) as a precursor where Schiff base ligand (L) act as a dibasic tetradentate one. TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by the direct calcination of titanium complexes at 500 °C for 3 hours. The analytical tools such as FT-IR, XRD, EDS, and SEM provided evidences in favor of the formation of TiO2 nanoparticles. Antimicrobial study showed that all prepared TiO2 nanoparticles have inhibition capacity on the growth against selected plant pathogenic fungi as well as some selected human pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, these TiO2 nanoparticles have catalytic capacity for the remarkable degradation (54.0%) of organic dye (Mordent brown 48) as well as industrial dye solutions.
Crystal structures of bis-{N-[1-(pyridin-2-yl-κN)ethylidene]nicotine hydrazide-κ2N’,O}cobalt(II)bis(perchlorate) dihydrate and bis-{N'-[1-(pyridin-2-yl-κN)ethylidene]nicotinohydrazide-κ2N',O}copper(II) perchlorate
Authors: Faye Moussa , Sow Mouhamadou Moustapha , Gaye Papa Aly , Dieng Moussa , Gaye Mohamed
Published: June 2021

Complexes of Co(II), [Co(C26H24N8O2)]·(ClO4)2·(H2O)2 (1), and Cu(II), [Cu(C26H23N8O2)]·(ClO4) (2), have been synthesized. The prepared two compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared and their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The compound 1 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1 with the following unit cell parameters: a = 8.880 (5) Å, b = 10.529 (5) Å, c = 18.430 (5) Å, α = 99.407 (5)°, β = 102.174 (5)°, γ = 100.652 (5)°, V = 1618.2 (13) Å3, Z = 2, T = 293(2), μ(MoKα) = 0.77 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.582 g/cm3, 16135 reflections measured (5.050° ≤ 2q ≤ 59.152°), 7648 unique, Rint = 0.034 which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.066 (I ≥ 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.22 (all data). The compound 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with the following unit cell parameters : a = 11.652 (5) Å, b = 16.540 (5) Å, c = 14.512 (5) Å, β = 93.495 (5)°, V = 2791.6 (18) Å3, Z = 4, T = 293(2), μ(MoKα) = 1.05 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.768 g/cm3, 15592 reflections measured (5.624° ≤ 2θ ≤ 58.804°), 6630 unique, Rint = 0.025 which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.050 (I ≥ 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.144 (all data). In both complexes, the ligand acts in a tridentate fashion. In the structure of the mononuclear complex 1, the Co(II) cation is coordinated by two ligand molecules. The basal plane around the Co(II) cation is occupied by two pyridine nitrogen atoms and two carbonyl oxygen atoms. Two imino nitrogen atoms occupy the apical positions of the distorted square-pyramidal geometry. The mononuclear 2 consists of a Cu(II) coordinated by one ligand and one monodeprotonated ligand molecule. The metal center lies in a distorted square bipyramidal environment. The basal plane around the Cu(II) is occupied by two pyridine nitrogen atoms and two carbonyl oxygen atoms, the apical position being occupied by the two imino nitrogen atoms.
Stability indicating HPLC-Fluorescence detection method for the simultaneous determination of linagliptin and empagliflozin in their combined pharmaceutical preparation
Authors: Rizk Mohamed , Attia Ali Kamal , Mohamed Heba Yosry , Elshahed Mona
Published: June 2021

A sensitive, accurate, and precise liquid chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the determination of Linagliptin (LNG) and Empagliflozin (EMP) in their combined tablets. Chromatographic separation was carried out on ODS-3 Inertsil® C18 column (150×4.6 mm, 5 µm). The mobile phase A (consisting of 0.30% Triethyl amine buffer (TEA) at pH = 4.5, adjusted using ortho-phosphoric acid); the mobile phase B (consisting of acetonitrile) was pumped through the column whose temperature was maintained at 40 °C, with a flow rate 1.7 mL/min, using gradient elution from 0-3 min A:B (75:25, v:v), then from 3-6 min the ratio changed to be A:B (60:40, v:v). Fluorescence detection (FLD) was performed at 410 nm after excitation at 239 nm. Acceptable linearity, accuracy and precision values of the proposed method were found over the concentration ranges of 0.5-15 µg/mL for LNG and 1.0-30 µg/mL for EMP with correlation coefficients of 0.9997 and 0.9998 in the case of LNG and EMP, respectively. The recoveries and relative standard deviations percentages were found in the following ranges: 98.56-101.85 and 0.53-1.52% for LNG and 98.00-101.95 and 0.31-1.05% for EMP. The detection and quantification limits were 0.15 and 0.45 µg/mL for LNG and 0.22 and 0.67 µg/mL for EMP. The optimized method was validated and proved to be specific, robust, accurate and reliable for the determination of the drugs in pure form or in their combined pharmaceutical preparations. No significant difference was found regarding accuracy and precision upon statistical comparison between the obtained results of the proposed method and those of the reported method. Furthermore, the proposed method is proved to be a stability-indicating assay after exposure of the studied drugs to variable forced degradation parameters, such as acidic, alkaline and oxidative conditions, according to the recommendations of the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. The simplicity and selectivity of the proposed method allows its use in quality control laboratories.
Molecular docking analysis on the interaction between bovine serum albumin and three commercial fluoroquinolones: Ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and pefloxacin
Authors: Chaves Otavio Augusto , Vazquez Leonardo
Published: June 2021

Fluoroquinolones are a family of broad spectrum, systemic antibacterial agents that have been used as therapy for infections in the respiratory and alimentary tract in animals. The pharmacodynamic of this class is widely described, predominantly to the commercial drugs ciprofloxacin (CIP), enrofloxacin (ENR), and pefloxacin (PEF). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is the main endogenous carrier in the bovine bloodstream, being responsible for the biodistribution of different classes of molecules and drugs, including fluoroquinolones. The molecular features and interaction between BSA and fluoroquinolones are not fully described, thus, the present work enlightens the intimacy of the interaction of BSA with CIP, ENR, PEF through structural modeling and molecular docking calculation approaches. The role of key amino acid residues was assessed, indicating that the main protein binding pocket is composed by Trp-212 residue playing an important stabilization for the three fluoroquinolones through both hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces, where reside the individual structural differences observed among the three fluoroquinolones and BSA. There is a descriptive protagonism of carboxyl group on the ENR interaction which traps the molecule and avoids the deep communication in the protein binding pocket, as well as the ligands CIP and PEF showed an interface amino acid residue interaction profile higher than 70%.
Graphical Contents
Authors: Arslan Hakan
Published: June 2021

Graphical Contents