bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRESS AS A MEDIATOR BETWEEN RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS AND ONLINE RISKY BEHAVIORS IN ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Velki Tena , Milić Marija
Published: July 2021

Objective: the aim of the study was to examine the mediating role of stress in associations between online risky behavior and three factors, namely, real-life risky behaviors and information security awareness as risk factors, and life satisfaction as a protective factor. Method: participants were university students (N=883, 40.5% male, and 59.5% female) with an average age of M=21.93 years (SD=4.29). They filled out the Users’ Information Security Awareness Questionnaire, Youth self-reported delinquency and risk behaviors questionnaire, Life satisfaction scale and Perceived Stress Scale. Result: Mediational analysis revealed a mediating role of stress: stress had a partially mediating role in the association between real-life risky behaviors and online risky behavior, making the association stronger. However, stress had a fully mediating role in the association between life satisfaction and online risky behavior, that is, the association was non-significant in the presence of stress. Conclusions: Overall results indicate that stress experienced in real-life situations can be a trigger for online risky behavior in adolescents. Under stressed conditions, adolescents choose to focus on negative outcomes more frequently because they refocus their cognitive resources on emotion regulation and leave inhibitory processes necessary to prevent risky behaviors uncontrolled.
Predicting telecommuting preferences and job outcomes amid COVID-19 pandemic : A latent profile analysis
Authors: Bakaç Cafer , Zyberaj Jetmir , Barela James C.
Published: July 2021

Telecommuting is defined as “a work practice that involves members of an organization substituting a portion of their typical work hours (ranging from a few hours per week to nearly full-time) to work away from a central workplace—typically principally from home —using technology to interact with others as needed to conduct work tasks”(Allen, Golden, & Shockley, 2015: 44). This kind of practice substantially differs from the regular and ordinary modes of work because employees perform their usual work in different settings, usually from home (Allen et al., 2015). Although research has been conducted on telecommuting since the 1970s, it has recently become critical when life incidents, like the COVID-19 pandemic has forced many to work from home. Such events offer rare opportunities, for a wide range of researchers and from various fields, to study important questions that would not typically be able to be asked, such as about telecommuting experiences. We took this opportunity and conducted two studies regarding telecommuting, basing our rationale on the fact that many on-site employees were forced to work from home, across a wide range of occupations as a direct result of the pandemic(Kramer & Kramer, 2020). The aim of our study, thus, was to investigate the preferences of employees who were forced to work from home. Specifically, bycreating latent profiles from important work and personality related constructs, we aimed at predicting employees’ preference for working from home or working on-site based on these profiles, and further investigate the relationship of these latent profiles to perceived productivity, job satisfaction, and job engagement.
Knowledge and practices of recording and maintaining patients ‘dental records among private dental practitioners of Delhi, India
Authors: Kaur Gurkiran , Mehta Abhishek , Sahani Aastha , Malik Shradha
Published: July 2021

Proper recording and keeping dental records are an important part of any dental practice. It helps in improving patient care, has medico-legal importance and play significant role in human identification during mass disasters or criminal offences. Aim: To assess the knowledge and practices of recording and maintaining patients ‘records among private dental practitioners of Delhi, India. Methods: Data for this cross-sectional study was collected from 160 dentists of Delhi using a self-administered questionnaire. The face and content validity as well as reliability of questionnaire was tested before the final data collection. A single trained examiner collected all the necessary information via personal visits or google forms. Chi-square test was applied to check the statistically significant difference between the dichotomous independent variables with respect to study participants’ responses to the questionnaire. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 34.5 (SD 7.2) years.Digital method of recording patient’s data and x-ray storage was more prevalent than manual method among the study participants. Slightly more than 40% of the dentists were keeping patient’s records safe for a period of 6 to 10 years. Younger dentists with lesser years of practice were more explicit in recording and correcting patient records. Conclusion: Results of this study shows that private dental practitioners of Delhi are aware of medico-legal importance of dental records. Most of them were recording important findings and history of their patients. Dentists must be educated in two aspects namely correct method of recording and the ideal duration of storing their patients’ dental records.
Reconfigurações ético-reparadoras do literário hoje
Authors: Cechinel André
Published: July 2021

O presente ensaio propõe-se a debater indícios de uma função ético-reparadora para a literatura e os estudos literários hoje. Para tanto, divide-se em dois momentos fundamentais, dois canais argumentativos que, sem um intuito totalizante, apontam as linhas gerais de um cenário em mutação. De um lado, a literatura do século XX é apresentada a partir da imagem de uma suposta negatividade ou intransitividade radical, capaz de “desobrar a obra” em sua “estética da supressão”. De outro lado, a partir de um debate introdutório em torno de alguns dos lugares de transitividade vislumbrados para a literatura neste início de século XXI, o literário é concebido agora como campo ético-reparador, responsável, entre outros, por “dar visibilidade”, “lembrar”, “reparar danos”, “confortar” etc. Resulta dessa transição a noção de um crescente desconforto em relação aos artefatos sociais que, inclusive no campo artístico, não se reconciliam com um utilitarismo que nada pode deixar intacto, nem mesmo a literatura.
Adorno's poetics of form
Authors: Lopes Wibsson Ribeiro
Published: July 2021

O objeto desta resenha é o livro Adorno’s poetics of form, de Josh Robinson, professor de literatura inglesa na Universidade de Cadiff, no Reino Unido. O trabalho desenvolve uma investigação em torno do conceito de forma, como entendido pelo pensamento de Theodor Adorno, investigando também a escrita do filósofo alemão e o modo como a própria apresentação do que Adorno entende como forma já é em si uma maneira de se aproximar do conceito.
Body mass index and relative handgrip strength are associated with the prevalence of hypertension in Korean elderly: Korean national fitness assessment in 2019
Authors: Kim Ji Young , Park Hun-Young , Kim Jisu , Lim Kiwon
Published: July 2021

[Purpose] This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of hypertension according to the body mass index (BMI) and relative handgrip strength (RHGS) among elderly individuals in Korea. [Methods] We analyzed the data of 44,183 Korean elderly individuals over 65 years old (men: n = 15,798, age = 73.31 ± 5.04 years, women: n = 28,385, age = 72.14 ± 5.04 years) obtained from the Korean National Fitness Assessment in 2019. All the participants were categorized into three groups according to the BMI and RHGS; additionally, one-way ANOVA and logistic regression analysis were performed. [Results] Overweight (men: 1.16 odds ratio [OR] 1.06–1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]; women: 1.15 OR, 1.07–1.23 95% CI) and obese (men: 1.54 OR, 1.42–1.66 95% CI; women: 1.44 OR, 1.36–1.53 95% CI) elderly individuals showed a higher prevalence of hypertension than elderly individuals with normal weight, after controlling for age. In men, a lower RHGS was associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension after controlling for age (weak RHGS: 1.09 OR, 1.00–1.17 95% CI; middle RHGS: 1.21 OR, 1.12–1.31 95% CI vs. strong RHGS). [Conclusion] A higher BMI was associated with the prevalence of hypertension in the elderly Korean population. In addition, a lower RHGS was associated with the prevalence of hypertension in elderly Korean men.
New record of vascular plant for the flora of Saudi Arabia:Celtis toka (Forssk.) Hepper and Wood, Cannabaceae
Authors: Alfaifi Mohammed Musa , Al-Khulaidi Abdul Wali , AlAklabi Abdullah , Al-Gifri Abdul Nasser , Al-Al Faify Eisa Ali
Published: July 2021

A new species of Celtis toka (Family Cannabaceae) from Faifa, Saudi Arabia is described and illustrated. Morphological descriptions with a distribution map and photograph of the species were provided. Celtis toka is only recorded from West and Middle of the Sahel region and East Tropical Africa to Yemen in Arabian Peninsula. This record conceded as the second locations for the Arabian Peninsula.
Salud urbana, confort térmico y acústico en espacios públicos exteriores, en el marco de las ciudades amigables con los mayores = Urban health, thermal and acoustic comfort in outdoor public spaces, in the framework of age-friendly cities
Authors: Baquero Larriva María Teresa
Published: July 2021

ResumenEste artículo presenta el marco teórico sobre algunos de los problemas de las ciudades del siglo XXI como son el cambio climático, la urbanización y el envejecimiento de la población, con el fin de establecer los antecedentes que guían la investigación del confort térmico y acústico de las personas mayores en espacios públicos de la ciudad. Para ello, se analizan las políticas internacionales, los conceptos de urbanismo y todas sus vertientes contemporáneas que han surgido como producto de la adaptación de las ciudades a los fenómenos demográficos y climáticos, así como su influencia en la salud de la población. Adicionalmente se conceptualiza el fenómeno del envejecimiento de la población, la realidad mundial, regional y local de España en cuanto a este proceso demográfico y las políticas públicas que se han planteado como medida de adaptación en las ciudades. Finalmente, se explican los conceptos sobre confort térmico y acústico, identificando el estado de la cuestión y las principales variables que influyen, mediante un resumen de la revisión bibliográfica sistemática, sobre la percepción de confort térmico y acústico de adultos mayores y sus diferencias con otros grupos de edad.AbstractThis article presents the theoretical framework of some of the problems of 21st century cities, such as climate change, urbanisation and population ageing, in order to establish the background that guides research into the thermal and acoustic comfort of older people in public spaces in the city. To this end, international policies, urban planning concepts and all their contemporary aspects that have arisen as a result of the adaptation of cities to demographic and climatic phenomena, as well as their influence on the health of the population, are analysed. In addition, it conceptualises the phenomenon of population ageing, the global, regional and local reality of Spain in terms of this demographic process and the public policies that have been put forward as a measure of adaptation in cities. Finally, the concepts of thermal and acoustic comfort are explained, identifying the state of the art and the main variables that influence, through a summary of the systematic literature review, the perception of thermal and acoustic comfort of older adults and their differences with other age groups.
Pan-genome of Novel Pantoea stewartii subsp. indologenes Reveal Genes Involved in Onion Pathogenicity and Evidence of Lateral Gene Transfer
Authors: Agarwal Gaurav , Gitaitis Ronald D. , Dutta Bhabesh
Published: July 2021

Pantoea stewartii subsp. indologenes (Psi) is a causative agent of leafspot of foxtail millet and pearl millet; however, novel strains were recently identified that are pathogenic on onion. Our recent host range evaluation study identified two pathovars; P. stewartii subsp. indologenes pv. cepacicola pv. nov. and P. stewartii subsp. indologenes pv. setariae pv. nov. that are pathogenic on onion and millets or on millets only, respectively. In the current study we developed a pan-genome using the whole genome sequencing of newly identified/classified Psi strains from both pathovars [pv. cepacicola (n= 4) and pv. setariae (n=13)]. The full spectrum of the pan-genome contained 7,030 genes. Among these, 3,546 (present in genomes of all 17 strains) were the core genes that were a subset of 3,682 soft-core genes (present in ≥16 strains). The accessory genome included 1,308 shell genes and 2,040 cloud genes (present in ≤ 2 strains). The pan-genome showed a clear liner progression with >6,000 genes, suggesting the pan-genome of Psi is open. Comparative phylogenetic analysis showed differences in phylogenetic clustering of Pantoea spp. using PAVs/wgMLST approach in comparison to core genome SNP-based phylogeny. Further, we conducted a horizontal gene transfer (HGT) study including four other Pantoea species namely, P. stewartii subsp. stewartii LMG 2715T, P. ananatis LMG 2665T, P. agglomerans LMG L15, and P. allii LMG 24248T. A total of 317 HGT events among four Pantoea species were identified with most gene transfers observed between Psi pv. cepacicola and Psi pv. setariae. Pan-GWAS analysis predicted a total of 154 genes including seven cluster of genes associated with the pathogenicity phenotype on onion. One of the clusters contain 11 genes with known functions and are found to be chromosomally located.
Optimal Reduction of Number of Test Vectors for Soft Processor Cores Implemented in FPGA
Authors: Węgrzyn Mariusz , Jamro Ernest , Dąbrowska-Boruch Agnieszka , Wiatr Kazimierz
Published: July 2021

This paper describes a new optimization methodology of testing vector sets reduction for testing of soft-processor cores and their individual blocks. The deterministic test vectors both for whole core and its individual blocks are investigated that significantly reduce the testing time and amount of test data that needs to be stored on the tester memory. The processor executes an assembler program which together with determined testing vectors ex-ercise its functionality. The new BIST methodology applicable at industrial testing of processor cores, diagnostics and dynamic reconfiguration of FPGA is proposed. This novel methodology combined with dynamic reconfiguration of FPGAs can be profitable applied for missions-critical i.e. FPGAs operate in space, or other difficult condition where are explore on radiation. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach reduces many times testing time.
Early Lesion of Post-Primary Tuberculosis: Subclinical Driver of Disease and Target for Vaccines and Hostdirected Therapies
Authors: Brown Robert E. , Hunter Robert L.
Published: July 2021

Research on the pathogenesis of tuberculosis in recent years has focused largely on the granulomatous stage of primary tuberculosis. However, post-primary tuberculosis that accounts for 80% of clinical disease is seldom studied because of the paucity of animal models and human tissues. The early lesion of post-primary tuberculosis is a subclinical obstructive lobular pneumonia that develops asymptomatically for months accumulating secreted mycobacterial antigens in alveolar macrophages and highly sensitized T cells before onset of clinical disease. Here we demonstrate antigen of M. tuberculosis in the cytoplasm of ciliated bronchiolar epithelium and alveolar pneumocytes in association with elements of the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2, and fatty acid synthase (FAS) pathways in the early lesion. This suggests a new synthesis of the pathogenesis of post-primary tuberculosis in which M. tuberculosis use its secreted antigens and cord factor to direct prolonged subclinical development of the early lesions in preparation for a sudden necrotizing reaction sufficient to produce a cavity and/or granulomas. Available evidence indicates that most successful human and animal vaccines and host directed therapies of post-primary tuberculosis target the early lesion, not granulomas. Recognition of this will facilitate design and evaluation of improved vaccines and therapies for tuberculosis.
Japan’s Dental Care under Universal Health Coverage and Challenges from Population Ageing: An Analysis on Health Insurance Claims Data and Dental Hygiene Survey
Authors: Okamoto Etsuji
Published: July 2021

Although the universal health coverage (UHC) is pursued by many countries, not all countries with UHC include dental care as their benefits. Japan, with its long-held tradition of UHC, has covered dental care as essential benefit and majority of dental care services are provided to all patients with minimal copayment. Being under the UHC, the scope of services as well as prices are regulated by the uniform fee schedule and dentists submit claims according to the uniform format and fee schedule. The author analyzes the publicly available dental health insurance claims data as well as a sampling survey on dental hygiene and illustrates how Japan’s dental care is responding to the challenges of the population ageing.
Brewing Efficacy of Non-Conventional Saccharomyces Non-Cerevisiae Yeasts
Authors: Bruner James , Marcus Andrew , Fox Glen
Published: July 2021

Consumer demands for new sensory experiences have driven the research of unconventional yeasts in beer. While much research exists on the use of various common Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains as well as non-Saccharomyces yeasts, there exists a gap in knowledge regarding other non-cerevisiae Saccharomyces species in the fermentation of beer, outside that of S. pastorianus. Here, five distinct species of Saccharomyces from the UC Davis Phaff Yeast Culture Collection, as well as one interspecies hybrid from Fermentis, were chosen to ferment 40 L pilot scale beers. S. kudriavzevii, S. mikatae, S. paradoxus, S. bayanus, and S. uvarum yeasts were fermented in duplicate, with one fermenter in each pair receiving 10 g/L dry-hop during fermentation. Analytical measurements were made each day of fermentation and compared to controls of SafAle US-05 and SafLager W 34/70 for commercial brewing parameters of interest. Finished beers were also analyzed for aroma, taste, and mouthfeel to determine the flavor of each yeast as it pertains to brewing potential. All beers exhibited spicy characteristics, likely from the presence of phenols; dry-hopping increased fruit notes while also increasing perceived bitterness and astringency. All of the species in this study displayed great brewing potential, and might be an ideal addition to beer depending on a brewery’s desire to experiment with flavor and willingness to bring a new yeast into their production environment
The Impact of Digital Inclusive Finance on Rural Income and Promotion Strategies -- Based on Data from Henan Province, China
Authors: Li Xiuhui , Zhang Zihan , Yang Fan
Published: July 2021

In the paper, based on the 2012-2018 panel data of 17 cities in Henan Province of China, a panel regression model was constructed to empirically analyze the relationship between digital inclusive finance and rural income, and the empirical results demonstrate that digital inclusive finance plays a significant role in promoting rural income. Further dimensional research unveils that all of its breadth of coverage, depth of use and degree of digitization present significant positive correlation with rural income, and a robustness test was conducted through the sub-sample method. In addition, according to regression analysis on the influencing factors of digital inclusive finance through the Tobit model, the level of economic development, the Internet popularity rate and the urbanization rate have a positive effect on the development of digital inclusive finance in Henan, while the income gap between urban and rural areas and the degree of opening up have a negative effect. Finally, predicated on the analysis of the restrictive factors of Henan’s digital inclusive finance in increasing rural income, the paper puts forward specific policy proposals based on the native state quo.
The Order of Euler’s Totient Function
Authors: Cox Darrell , Ghosh Sourangshu , Sultanow Eldar
Published: July 2021

The Mobius function is commonly used to define Euler’s totient function and the Mangoldt function. Similarly, the summatory Mobius function (the Mertens function) is used to define the summatory totient function and the summatory Mangoldt function (the second Chebyshev function). Analogues of the product formula for the totient function are introduced. An analogue of the summatory totient function with many additive properties is introduced.
Natural-Fibrous Lime-Based Mortar for the Rapid Retrofitting of Masonry Heritage
Authors: Vailati Marco , Mercuri Micaela , Angiolilli Michele , Gregori Amedeo
Published: July 2021

The present work aims to characterize the mechanical behavior of a new composite material for the conservation and development of the vast historical and architectural heritage that is particularly vulnerable to environmental and seismic actions. The new composite consists of natural hydraulic lime (NHL) -based mortar, reinforced by sisal short fibers randomly oriented in the mortar matrix. The NHL-based mortar ensures the chemical-physical compatibility with the original feature of the historical masonry structures (mostly in stone and clay) aiming to pursue both the effectiveness and durability of the intervention. The use of vegetable fibers (i.e. the sisal one) is an exciting challenge for the construction industry since they require a lower degree of industrialization for their processing, and therefore, their costs are also low, as compared to the most common synthetic/metal fibers. Beams of sisal-composite sizing 160x40x40 mm3 with a central notch are tested in three-point bending, aiming to evaluate both their bending strength and fracture energy. Also, tensile tests and compressive tests were performed on the composite samples, while water retention test and slump test were performed on the fresh mix. Finally, the tensile tests on the Sisal strand were carried out to evaluate the tensile strength of both strand and wire. A final comparison with unreinforced mortar specimens shows that the proposed composite ensures great workability and good performances in term of ductility and strength and it can be considered a promising alternative to the classic fiber-reinforcing systems.
Process Improvement of Waste Collection, Materials Recycling and Sustainable Manufacturing
Authors: Wu Haishang
Published: July 2021

With the advancement of technologies and sustainability awareness, sustainable manufacturing has formed a trend and transformation in manufacturing industry is becoming inevitable. In order to cope with the manufacturing transformation, this study proposes a collection-recycling-manufacturing (CRM) model to envision the process simulation as well as the process improvements.

In this transformation, reduction of materials, cost, transportation and energy, and elimination of CO2 emission are the objectives, and innovation is the key to drive the solutions into a concrete foundation. By applying simulation techniques in the optimization of recycling facility management, this study produces generic formula in Materials Recycling Facilities (MRF) topology design and transportation distance calculation. The formula is expected to predict operation through an optimization of MRF counts at the cost of transportation, energy consumption, and CO2 emission. This study also proposes solutions to fill-in the gap of Additive Manufacturing (AM) before becoming the industry mainstream.

This study suggests an expansion of materials recycling coverage, and take full advantages of AM to penetrate market. Meanwhile, it identifies AM limitations supported by enhancement plan to streamline the transformation and to support sustainable manufacturing.
Evaluation Method and Collaborative Study of Sustainable Additive-Manufacturing
Authors: Wu Haishang
Published: July 2021

It has been commonly recognized that additive manufacturing (AM) enables cost-effective and efficient production towards sustainability. A rigorous evaluation method is required to further investigate the measurement method and efficiency before AM can be well-positioned in sustainable manufacturing and become the industry mainstream. Cost reduction plays key role in manufacturing industry. Compared to conventional manufacturing (CM), cost of AM is volume independent. In contrary, CM production requires a certain volume to share initial tooling cost to achieve cost reduction. This constraint limits CM from service on demand, and leave ambiguity behind. Invisibility of AM advantage in cost factors blocks AM technologies from appropriate process and affects its applications. The major issues AM encountering are the scaling, speed and size of products. Enhancement in scaling threshold and cost modeling are the novelty of this study and a breakthrough of AM issues. Through this study, generic equations are derived by using Convergence Effect and Buy-to-Fly (BTF) ratio. The Divide-and-Conquer approach further supports scaling factors and dependencies of conventional manufacturing (CM) cost modeling as well as AM methods. Consequently, appropriate AM technologies and CM convergence threshold can enhance standardization, decision support, and pre-pilot of AM society through this rigorous benchmarking. Advantages of AM are identified, and a collaboration pattern is proposed to connect large enterprise (LE), SME, and home-based-business (HBB) into an AM society. Through this society, advantages of AM can be fully utilized, scaling and speed issues can be resolved, and AM’s dominant role in sustainable manufacturing becomes feasible.
Strategy Control Model for Sustainable Manufacturing through Rural Development
Authors: Wu Haishang
Published: July 2021

Additive manufacturing (AM) has been the core area of sustainable manufacturing commonly recognized for its high efficiency in enabling cost-effective production towards sustainability. There are three models this research constituted: In Collection-Recycling-Manufacturing (CRM) model, technologies and processes are benchmarked followed by Business model that evaluates industrial key criteria. However, these are insufficient for AM to effectively play dominant role as the realization requires human factors such as multi-entities authorities, policy making and AM society to initiate and execute the plan. Strategy control model focuses on human-centric approaches such as demography, population control, policy, regulations, and management. It investigates each nation’s demography, and enables strategy, plan and control to relocate overcrowding population to rural areas. It also produces robust workforce to support AM and materials recycling through the appropriate applications. Through the construction of AM and materials recycling, strategy control model creates job opportunities for those unemployed people. It further builds infrastructure for the livelihood of new residents and supports AM home-based business (HBB).
Improving the wear resistance of steel products by using non-standard heat treatment modes. Foundryproductionandmetallurgy
Authors: Berdiev D. M. , Yusupov A. A.
Published: July 2021

The use of non-standard modes of heat treatment increases the density of dislocations in the crystal structure of the α-phase and increases the wear resistance of carbon, low-alloy steels under various friction conditions, which is comparable to the results when heated to a standard temperature (Ac3 + 30–50 °C). The preliminary extreme heating temperature is determined. After requenching at standard temperature and low tempering, the wear resistance of steels under various types of friction increases by up to 40 % compared to standard quenching.
Relativity: photon
Authors: Sazonenko I. O. , Sapon V. I.
Published: July 2021

For the case of interaction of polarized light with an analyzer (a polarizing device), an experimental scheme based on the Feynman idea of path integrals is proposed. Real and virtual photons are considered in the context of the Lenz rule (in terms of constructive and destructive induction). The Planck formula for the photon energy in the format of a verbal description is considered. The complexity of identifying the wave description of the photon with the ideas of the Ancient Greeks about elementary particles is shown. From the point of view of chronogeometry, it is shown that the stationary observer does not exist at the point of intersection of the cone of the past and the future, but in the time interval separating these regions. It is proposed to consider the fluctuations of the physical vacuum as a relic of the process of permanent inflation according to Linde. Based on the assumption of the self-measurement of the Universe, the quantum Zeno effect, and Hawking’s idea of the Universe being a quantum object with the Nth sum of Feynman stories, it is assumed that the history of the Universe is deterministic. From the perspective of the orthogonality of the electromagnetic field vectors E and B, the Heisenberg equation of the form Δp × Δx = ħ/2 is considered. A thought experiment is considered showing the complexity in describing the interaction of a photon with an electron of an atom from the point of view of the classical interaction of an electromagnetic wave with an antenna device. It is proposed to consider the absorption of a photon by an electron as its inertial collapse on an atom.
Improvement of wear-resistant properties of steel 30Н3MF with additional microalloying
Authors: Issagulov A. Z. , Kvon Sv. S. , Kulikov V. Yu. , Dostaeva A. M. , Shcherbakova E. P. , Kovalev P. V.
Published: July 2021

One of the directions of wear resistance improvement is microalloying of improved steels. In the studies conducted, the feasibility of adjusting the composition of steel 30Н3MF was determined by additional microalloying of V + Nb in order to give it wear-resistant properties. Microstructural studies of the experimental alloy were carried out. The microstructure is fairly uniform, represented by a matrix and inclusions. Matrix is represented by doped solution, which includes nickel. It is determined that in a chemically and structurally inhomogeneous ingot, even after heat treatment, structural components will remain. Characteristics such as the amount, morphology and distribution of non-metallic inclusions in the metal matrix are mainly laid at the stage of metal discharge from the steelmaking unit, as well as in the process of deoxidation and modification of steel during its off-furnace treatment.
Analysis of methods for obtaining zinc-containing coatings using hot-dip galvanizing production waste
Authors: Urbanovich N. I. , Baranovsky K. E. , Rozenberg E. V. , Ashuiko V. A. , Matys V. G. , Volosyuk V. F. , Pecherskiy A. F.
Published: July 2021

The article presents the waste generated during the production of hot-dip galvanizing. The analysis of the proposed methods of using these wastes in the production of zinc-containing coatings is carried out. It is shown that hard zinc can be successfully used in the compositions of saturating mixtures during thermal diffusion galvanizing of steel products and obtain high-quality coatings. The disadvantages include the need for grinding hard zinc.

The dispersed waste of hot-dip galvanizing production, which is formed as a result of blowing pipes with superheated steam, can be used as a cheap substitute for expensive zinc powder in the compositions of zinc-filled paints. For paints, a fraction of 2–15 microns is used, which is 27 % of the total fractional composition. Therefore, in order to use a wider range of values of the fractional composition of dispersed waste to obtain zinc coatings and thus ensure the recycling of zinc into industrial circulation, the authors of this article plan to optimize and develop the compositions of powder compositions and the technology of thermal diffusion saturation of steel products based on zinc-containing waste.
Series of Photovoltaic Converters Based on Semiconductors with Intrinsic Photoconductivity
Authors: Vorobey R. I. , Gusev O. K. , Zharin A. L. , Pantsialeyeu K. U. , Svistun A. I. , Tyavlovsky A. K. , Tyavlovsky K. L. , Shadurskaya L. I.
Published: July 2021

One of the ways to solve multiple problems of optical diagnostics is to use photovoltaic converters based on semiconductors with intrinsic photoconductivity slightly doped with deep impurities which form several energy levels with different charge states within the semiconductor′s bandgap. Peculiarities of physical processes of recharging these levels make it possible to construct photodetectors with different functionality based on a range of simple device structures.

The aim of this work is to analyze peculiarities of conversion characteristics of single-element photovoltaic converters based on semiconductors with intrinsic photoconductivity, to systematize their properties and to represent structures of photovoltaic convertors as a device structures suitable for implementation in measurement transducers of optical diagnostics systems.

Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the conversion characteristics of single-element photovoltaic converters based on semiconductors with intrinsic photoconductivity and the requirements for their design, a dash series of photovoltaic converters was developed for use in the measuring transducers of optical diagnostics systems. The possibility of constructing functional measuring transducers for multiparameter measurements of optical signals is shown.
Nonlinear Pulse-Time Conversion in Radioisotope Devices: Analysis and Application Possibilities
Authors: Vodovozov A. M.
Published: July 2021

The paper considers the operation of radioisotope measuring devices under dynamic conditions, when the Poisson pulse flux at the output of the radiation detector becomes unsteady and the nonlinearity of the calibration curve of the device, the stochasticity of the radiation signal and the inertia of the meter significantly complicate the task of estimating the measured physical parameter. of the device and analysis of the possibility of its application for linearization of the characteristics of the device, increasing the speed of the devices and solving the measuring problem in real time.

The process of nonlinear transformation of the radiation signal in the system is analyzed on the basis of the assumption about the exponential distribution of the intervals between the pulses of the information flow at the output of the radiation detector. A generalized algorithm for the synthesis of a given transformation function of a time-pulse computing device of a radioisotope device has been developed according to its mathematical description. To describe the transformation function given by a set of points, it is proposed to use its approximation by a power series.

The proposed calculation formulas are verified by modeling in the Scilab program on a specific example of linearization of the curve of a radioisotope altimeter with a given tabular calibration characteristic. The results obtained confirm the expediency of using time-pulse computing devices for linearizing the conversion curve of radioisotope devices in real time.

Carrying out calculations according to the proposed algorithms by means of modern microelectronics opens up new possibilities for expanding the field of application of radioisotope devices in dynamic problems of industrial flaw detection, measuring the parameters of object movement, thickness of rolled products and coatings, in devices for continuous monitoring of liquid media.
Improving of Surface Quality of Metal Reflector Mirrors Machined by Single Point Diamond Turning
Authors: Gusakov G. A. , Sharonov G. V.
Published: July 2021

Improving the technology of diamond turning of aluminum alloys is of great importance for expanding the application areas of metal-optical products based on aluminum in aerospace technology. The aim of this work was to study the effect of surface inhomogeneities of the initial aluminum alloy substrates on their optical and mechanical characteristics and to determine ways of improving the quality of aluminum reflector mirrors manufactured using nanoscale single point diamond turning. 

The investigated reflector mirrors were made from AMg2 aluminum alloy. The optical surface treatment was carried out on a precision turning lathe with an air bearing spindle using a special diamond cutter with a blade radius of ≤ 0.05 μm. The analysis of the surface structure of the AMg2 alloy substrates was carried out by scanning electron microscopy / electron microprobe. The quality control of the surface treatment of the manufactured reflector mirrors was carried out by atomic force microscopy. The reflectivity and radiation resistance of these samples were also investigated.

It is shown that an important problem in the manufacture of optical elements from aluminum alloys is the inhomogeneity of the structure of the initial material, associated with the presence of intermetallic inclusions. Heat treatment of the AMg2 alloy substrates at T ≥ 380 °C makes it possible to improve the quality of surface and the radiation resistance of aluminum mirrors both by removing mechanical stresses and by partially homogenizing the starting material. The optimum is heat treatment at the maximum allowable temperature for the AMg2 alloy T = 540 ºС, as a result of which there is a complete disappearance of intermetallic inclusions with an increased magnesium content. The use of high-temperature heat treatment of AMg2 alloy substrates allows, in comparison with unannealed samples, to reduce the surface roughness from 1.5 to 0.55 nm, to increase the reflectivity of mirrors at a wavelength of 1064 nm from 0.89 to 0.92, and to increase the laser damage threshold from 3.5 to 5 J / cm2.
Deep Learning Automated System for Thermal Defectometry of Multilayer Materials
Authors: Momot A. S. , Galagan R. M. , Gluhovskii V. Yu.
Published: July 2021

Currently, along with growth in industrial production, the requirements for product quality testing are also increasing. In the tasks of defectoscopy and defectometry of multilayer materials, the use of thermal nondestructive testing method is promising. At the same time, interpretation of thermal testing data is complicated by a number of factors, which makes the use of traditional methods of data processing ineffective. Therefore, an urgent task is to search for new methods of thermal testing that will automate the diagnostic process and increase information content of obtained results. The purpose of article is to use the advances in deep learning for processing results of active thermal testing of products made of multilayer materials and development of an automated system for thermal defectoscopy and defectometry of such products. The proposed system consists of a heating source, an infrared camera for recording sequences of thermograms and a digital information processing unit. Three neural network modules are used for automated data processing, each of which performs one of the tasks: defects detection and classification, determination of the defect depth and thickness. The software algorithms and user interface for interacting with system are programmed in the NI LabVIEW development environment.Experimental studies on samples made of multilayer fiberglass have shown a significant advantage of the developed system over using traditional methods for analyzing thermal testing data. The defect classification (determining the type) error on the test dataset was 15.7 %. Developed system ensured determination of defect depth with a relative error of 3.2 %, as well as the defect thickness with a relative error of 3.5 %.
Experimental Characteristics of Mechanical Continuously Variable Transmission with Internal Force Functions
Authors: Yurkevich A. V. , Tereshin A. V. , Soldatkin V. A.
Published: July 2021

The paper proposes a new type of a mechanical continuously variable transmission with internal force functions  to upgrade the energy efficiency of a vehicle equipped with a conventional engine. The prototype of the transmission is a well-known V. F. Maltsev concurrent pulse variator in which freewheel mechanism driven members are supplemented with elastic torsions shafts. It is shown that the variator turns into a continuous transformer – a mechanical continuously variable transmission with internal force functions. There is an internal automaticity and continuity in the entire range of gear ratio changes. The configuration engineering solution is implemented in the engineering prototype. The aim of the research is experimental study of the properties and characteristics of such a mechanical continuously variable transmission. The kinematic configuration and the main structural dimensions of the engineering prototype are given. Special testing facility and measuring-and-recording equipment have been developed. A set of parameters to be recorded has been specified. The accuracy of their measurement is statistically estimated. The results of the experiments are presented in terms of output and input torque dependencies on the speed of the driven shaft. It is shown that the transmission characteristics in their dimensionless form (transformer ratio and efficiency) in the function of internal gear ratio are universal. The possibility of obtaining an infinite kinematic and significant power transmission ranges by independently changing the internal link oscillation range (level of the force function) and the rotation frequency of the drive shaft has been experimentally shown. The transmission  has high transforming and energy properties, which are higher than those of hydrodynamic gears.
Using Artificial Neural Networks to Determine Wear of Composite Friction Material
Authors: Liashok A. V. , Popova Yu. B.
Published: July 2021

Sintered friction materials are widely used in friction units of automotive vehicles and special purpose vehicles.  The main purpose is to transmit torque to the actuator. The development of the technology market requires the development and use of new units. At the same time, the creation of new materials is required, which also applies to sintered friction materials. This group of materials is characterized by a high service life, efficiency of torque transmission, as well as the ability to restore performance in case of violation of operating modes. One of the most significant parameters characterizing  a sintered friction material is wear resistance. In most cases, it determines not only the resource of the unit itself, but the entire machine as a whole. A special place is occupied by brake units, which also use friction materials. The increased wear  resistance of the friction material contributes to a decrease in the efficiency and service life of the brake system. Evaluation  of the wear resistance of a friction material for the given operational parameters is a very long and costly process. The development of methodology and methods for accelerating the assessment of wear resistance is an important scientific and practical task. The paper presents the results of using artificial neural networks to predict the service life of a composite friction material based on copper on the sliding speed, pressure on the material and the amount of lubricant supplied to the friction zone. An artificial neural network has been trained using an array of experimental data for the FM-15 friction material.  The training results have shown high accuracy, correctness of the proposed and implemented network architecture. The developed software has demonstrated its efficiency and the possibility of using it in calculations to determine the wear of a composite friction material.
TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSFERS IN EAEU
Authors: KLIMENKO V. , НURSKY V.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to tendencies of development of technological transfer to the EAEU. Installed and revealed trends in the development of technological transfer to the EAEU. The conclusion is about the predominance of positive trends in development of technological transfer to the EAEU.
INTEGRATED APPROACH TO THE FORMATION OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS AND FOREIGN TRADE POLICIES
Authors: SHALUPAYEVA N.
Published: July 2021

An integrated approach to formation of foreign trade policy andforeign direct investments policy is formulated, the possible synergetic effect between them and effect of leveling each other are revealed in the article. For this purpose, influence of the main trade policy instruments, including policy of regional trade integration, on the foreign direct investments trade effects and also the foreign trade effects of the investment policy are investigated.
MODERNIZATIONAL ECONOMIC GROWTH ON THE BASIS OF FORMATION OF EDUCATIONAL CLUSTERS
Authors: PASTUKHOV А.
Published: July 2021

The article is discusses the dynamics of cluster economy development and application of the cluster approach in education management. Approaches to the creation of clusters with the sphere of education for ensuring economic growth are presented.
Kinematic Characteristics of the Jiangsu Segment of the Anqiu–Juxian Fault in the Tanlu Fault Zone, Eastern China
Authors: Zhang Hao , He Zhongtai , Xu Hangang , Li Limei , Wang Jinyan , Jiang Xin , Zhao Qiguang , Yang Hao
Published: July 2021

The Tancheng–Lujiang (Tanlu) fault zone is the most active fault zone in eastern China. In this zone, the Anqiu–Juxian fault represents the most recently active fault and has the clearest surface traces and the highest seismic risk. This study comprehensively analyzes the kinematic characteristics of the Jiangsu segment of the Anqiu–Juxian fault using field geological surveys, trenches, shallow seismic reflection surveys, combined borehole section exploration, and middepth seismic reflection surveys. The results show that the Jiangsu segment of the Anqiu–Juxian fault features a single branch in the bedrock outcrop area, with reverse strike-slip motion near North Maling Mountain and Chonggang Mountain and normal strike-slip motion near South Maling Mountain. The sedimentary zone features two normal strike-slip faults (east and western branches), which represent the synsedimentary boundaries of a half-graben rift basin. The kinematic process is represented by rotational movement along the strike-slip fault with a curved path. The resulting tensile and compressive stresses are accommodated by dip-slip movement at both ends of the strike-slip fault. The activity of the Jiangsu segment of the Anqiu-Juxian fault can be divided into two periods. The first period of activity occurred before the later part of the Late Pleistocene, when movement along this curved segment occurred, forming the western branch of the Xinyi segment and the eastern branch of the Suqian segment. The second period of activity started in the later part of the Late Pleistocene and continues today. It is characterized by activity on the western branch of the Xinyi segment and the western branch of the Suqian segment of the Jiangsu segment, while the eastern branch of the Xinyi segment and the eastern branch of the Suqian segment became inactive and can be considered Late Pleistocene faults. The maximum vertical slip rate of the Jiangsu segment of the Anqiu–Juxian fault since the Pleistocene has been 0.28 mm/a. The Jiangsu segment of the Anqiu–Juxian fault formed via dextral strike-slip faulting, mainly due to the southward movement of the region to the east of the fault.