bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Процедура проектування нових систем оплати праці на підприємстві
Authors: Lipych Lubov , Kchilycha Oksana , Kushnir Myroslava , Tovsteniuk Oleksandr
Published: February 2023

Формування, зміна чи модернізація  системи оплати праці залежить від правильного вибору процедури проектування нових систем оплати праці. Розробники нових систем повинні визначитися з послідовністю досліджень у межах кожної  фази, що необхідна для їх створення й реалізації. Вони можуть відрізнятися залежно від ситуації, проте у своїй основі є аналогічними. У статті визначено фази проектування нових (модернізованих) систем оплати праці. Кожна фаза (підготовча, проектна, тестування та впровадження) має своє наповнення.  У підготовчій фазі проектна група розпочинає свою роботу з вивчення основних напрямів стратегії оплати праці, що визначені менеджментом підприємства й цілей розвитку організації та її структурних підрозділів. Далі потрібно провести аналіз наявної системи оплати праці в об’єктивному й суб’єктивному розрізі, щоб дати відповідь на питання чи вона відповідає  цілям і напрямам, що закладені в стратегії оплати праці та розвитку підприємства.  Фаза проектування розпочинається з розгяду напрацювань підготовчої фази, визначення об’єкта та суб’єкта системи оплати праці. Другим важливим елементом проектної фази є фіксація діапазону суб’єктивного розрізу, тобто відповіді на питання, потрібна повна чи часткова зміна системи оплати праці, а також визначення складових частин оплати праці і їх пропорційної залежності, форм оплати, принципів їх формування, джерел фінансування оплати праці відповідних структурних підрозділів. Тестування може здійснюватися в різних формах, залежно від обставин (ситуації). По перше, у формі проведення консультацій із керівниками різних щаблів управління та представниками структурних підрозділів, де впроваджуються зміни. По друге, потрібно змоделювати ситуацію щодо функціонування нової системи оплати праці в окремих підрозділах і групах працівників. Для цього можуть бути вибрані й окремі робочі місця.  Нова система оплати праці, як і будь-який інший продукт, вимагає  просування, маркетингу, переконання зовнішніх клієнтів чи  працівників підприємства в її необхідності, тобто позитивному сприйнятті. Позитивне сприйняття системи – це половина успіху її реалізації. Розпочинати потрібно з навчання та інформування про зміни. Це полегшує розуміння нової чи модифікованої системи. Це забезпечується у фазі впровадження. Треба мати на увазі, що зміна системи оплати праці може  стати на заваді в реалізації інших планів і проектів, тому потрібно чітко визначитися з часом її впровадження.
CIRCUNCISÃO MASCULINA DE MENORES PARA FINS NÃO TERAPÊUTICOS OU MÉDICOS
Authors: Campanella Sancha , Campanella Constança
Published: February 2023

A circuncisão masculina é uma das mais antigas intervenções médicas. A circuncisão masculina para fins não terapêuticos ou médicos é um tema polémico, sobretudo quando praticado em menores. A nível internacional tem sido negligenciado o debate da circuncisão masculina em crianças devido às suas fortes ligações religiosas (Judaísmo e Islão) e práticas culturais, bem como pela sua aceitação em muitas sociedades. Iremos debater a legalidade da circuncisão para fins não terapêuticos ou médicos de uma criança do sexo masculino no quadro normativo português. Sustentado como violador dos direitos da criança à sua integridade física e à autodeterminação, procurar-se-á verificar juridicamente se os progenitores, ao abrigo das suas prerrogativas parentais, são soberanos na decisão de realizar realizá-lo ou se o superior interesse das crianças interferem nesta decisão. Ao debate será trazida a discussão se um eventual direito religioso dos pais se pode sobrepor ao direito à integridade física as crianças, à sua autodeterminação. A investigação tem caráter qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo. As questões expostas, além de problemas jurídicos face a um quadro normativo que não dá uma resposta imediata, colocam problemas morais, religiosos e de ordem ética. Ao longo do texto são abordadas as posições doutrinais perante esta prática (admissibilidade ou não em menores), partindo do mundo em geral até Portugal. Findo a análise é possível a conclusão de que nunca um direito do próprio progenitor se deverá sobrepor ao da criança, nomeadamente quando não seja nitidamente exercido no superior interesse da mesma ou quando não haja qualquer benefício.
Influencia en el Diseño Estructural del Acero de Refuerzo Grado 80 y Hormigón de Alta Resistencia (55MPA) Frente al Acero de Refuerzo Convencional Grado 60 y Hormigón f'c 28MPA en un Edificio de Hormigón Armado de 18 pisos
Authors: Machado Salazar Luis Alejandro , Correa Vallejo María Belén , Pineda Obando Sofía Micalea , Villafuerte Logroño Sebastián Airton , Hernández Rodríguez Luis Tinerfe
Published: February 2023

La implementación de materiales con mayores resistencias en el medio constructivo ofrece importantes ventajas a nivel estructural y económico en obras civiles de gran magnitud. Este artículo pretende estudiar la influencia del concreto (f’c 55 MPa) y refuerzo de alta resistencia (Grado 80), frente al hormigón f’c 28 MPa y varillas Grado 60, en edificios de mediana altura con sistema dual. Ambas propuestas de diseño se localizan en el centro norte de Quito. Estas son comprendidas por 18 pisos en elevación y 4 subsuelos, destinados a departamentos habitacionales y locales comerciales. La Norma Ecuatoriana de la Construcción sustentada en el ACI, establece las bases fundamentales y parámetros para su diseño, partiendo de su predimensionamiento, seguido de la modelación, análisis estructural y finalizando con su diseño hasta la definición de planos estructurales. Haciendo uso de software de modelación estructural, se aplican tres importantes análisis a estas edificaciones: lineal estático, dinámico y pushover; verificando así, su comportamiento frente a las cargas verticales y laterales a las que se ven sometidas y la resistencia de sus diferentes elementos. Una vez detallados los planos estructurales, se procede a la cuantificación del volumen del concreto y peso de las varillas de refuerzo con su debido análisis de precios unitarios para establecer los presupuestos de cada propuesta. Finalmente, todos los resultados son recopilados y analizados, tanto a nivel estructural como económico, con el fin de evaluar la influencia de los materiales de alta resistencia respecto a los convencionales, definiendo los pros y contras de ambas propuestas de diseño.
Influence of chitosan-stabilized silver nanoparticles on the physiological and biochemical state of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) in vitro culture
Authors: Yalouskaya N. A. , Kalatskaja J. N. , Laman N. A. , Hileuskaya K. S. , Kraskouski A. N. , Kulikouskaya V. I.
Published: February 2023

The article contains the results of study of the influence of added to culture medium silver-containing chitosan- based nanocomposites (Chitosan-Ag) at a dilution of 1:500 and 1:1000 (the mass ratio of the components is 50:1 for Chit- Ag 50:1 and 100:1 for Chit-Ag 100:1) on the development of potato microshoots and microclones with a formed root system. Potato microshoots cultivated for 4 weeks on nutrient medium modified with nanocomposites were characterized by slow development and the absence of rhizogenesis, which indicates the toxic effect of the studied nanocomposite concentrations. When replacing the standard nutrient medium with nanocomposites modified for a potato microclone with developed roots, the Chit-Ag 50:1 reduced the rate of growth and development of microclones compared to control and pure chitosan. The Chit- Ag 100:1 nanocomposite had no influence on the microclone growth compared to the control, but reduced the root biomass compared to chitosan. The preservation of photosynthetic pigments and proline concentrations with decreasing the hydrogen peroxide level indicates the absence of the toxic effect of silver-containing chitosan-based nanocomposites on the formed potato microclones. The chitosan concentration increase in the nanocomposite composition helps us to reduce the toxic effect due to the formation of a dense stabilizing shell that delays the silver ion generation.
Evaluation of the genetic stability of recombinant flu vectors encoding Mycobacterium bovis proteins using RT-PCR and optimization of their cultivation conditions
Authors: Abay Zh. S. , Sadikalieva S. O. , Shorayeva K. A. , Espembetov B. A. , Nurpeisova A. S.
Published: February 2023

Prevention by immunizing cattle against tuberculosis with traditional vaccines and regular testing has long been the main method of controlling this infection. However, the non-specificity of the traditional method shows the need for alternative approaches in the creation of anti-infective vaccines. The development of recombinant vector vaccines based on influenza vectors shows great potential and advantages in providing a specific immune response.The purpose of the study is to evaluate the growth properties of the recombinant influenza virus strains expressing protective proteins of mycobacteria for further use in creating a vector vaccine against bovine tuberculosis.This article presents the results of work on the cultivation and reproduction of recombinant influenza virus strains. Using reverse genetics methods, recombinant strains of the influenza virus carrying the mycobacterial Mycobacterium bovis ESAT-6 and TB10.4 proteins in the NS gene sequence were constructed. Based on the results of the work carried out, the optimal conditions for cultivating recombinant influenza virus strains were determined. Both variants of the recombinant strain showed reproductive activity in the developing chick embryo system, under optimal cultivation conditions.The evaluation of the genetic stability of the insertion of mycobacterial proteins into the NS gene of the influenza virus was confirmed using the RT-PCR method. As a result, it was found that the NS gene segment contains an insertion of mycobacterial proteins TB10.4 and ESAT-6, which is retained throughout the studied 5 passages.
Features of development of invasive species assessment and control protocols for different groups of plant communities
Authors: Vinogradova Yu. K. , Spirydovich A. V. , Reshetnikov V. N.
Published: February 2023

The study of invasive alien species is carried out on a large scale because the economic and ecological damage caused by biological invasions is enormous. However, no unified approach to describing invasive populations has been developed so far. In the framework of alien plant inventory in Russia, the authors have developed the “Invasive Species Assessment Protocol”, which is a tool for assessing, categorizing and including in the “black”-lists any invasive alien plant species according to its impact on native species and natural biodiversity over a large geographic area. “The Protocol” contains five basic elements of the inventory: 1) taxonomic affiliation, life form, and natural range of species; 2) ecological impact; 3) current distribution and population size; 4) trends in abundance of populations or its size; and 5) ability to control alien species dissemination. “Protocol” is presented as the special blank for description of local invasive population. The description is very brief but, if necessary, additional information about the process of invasion of each alien species can be added to it. Specific additions to the protocol for some national economic objects: railroads, introduction institutions, Specially Protected Natural Areas (SPNA) are offered. Examples of using the Protocol during the inventory of invasive species on the Trans-Siberian Railway, in the NV Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden, and in the some Protected Natural Areas are given.
Estimation of the activity of modified pyrimidine nucleoside derivatives on bacteria cells
Authors: Shihad A. , Sysa A. G.
Published: February 2023

The increase in prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) is currently a serious threat, thus there is a need for new classes antimicrobial compounds to combat infections caused by these ARB. The growth inhibition ability of derivatives of the components of nucleic acids has been well-characterized but not for its antimicrobial characteristics. It was found that modified nucleosides arabinofuranosylcytosine (cytarabine, ara-C), [1-(2′,3′,5′-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl)- 4-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)]uracil (TTU), and nucleotides cytarabine-5′-monophosphate (ara-CMP), and O2,2′-cyclocytidine-5′- monophosphate (cyclocytidine monophosphate, cyclo-CMP) were able to inhibit Escherichia coli, Sarcina lutea, Bacillus cereus, and Proteus mirabilis strains in a time and dose dependent manner via killing kinetics assay. It was demonstrated that studied modified pyrimidine nucleosides derivatives enhanced the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) over time (validated via DCFA-DA probe assay). This study has revealed the mechanism of action of cytarabine, cyclocytidine monophosphate, and TTU as an antimicrobial agent for the first time, and has shown that these pyrimidine derivatives enhanced might be able to combat infections caused by E. coli, S. lutea, B. cereus, and P. mirabilis in the future.
Haplotypic diversity of the mtCytb gene of the common vole (Microtus arvalis sensu lato) in Belarus
Authors: Mashkov E. I. , Gajduchenko H. S. , Borisov Yu. M.
Published: February 2023

The analysis of the recent phylogeographic studies of Microtus arvalis is carried out to establish the post-glacial history of colonization of the common vole in the Central region of Europe. The authors have presented the original data on the genetic variability of the mtCytb gene of the common vole (Microtus arvalis s. l.) from 18 localities studied on the territory of Belarus. The genetic characteristics of 53 individuals of the common vole belonging to one eastern line of mitochondrial DNA were studied. It is shown that the population of the species in Belarus is characterized by a high level of genetic diversity comparable to that of other haplogroups of the eastern mtDNA line. The level of variability of mitochondrial fragments of the mtCytb gene of the common vole (Microtus arvalis) from Belarus turned outtobeq uite high (Hd ± SDHd = 0.97 ± 0.02), which is manifested in a large number of the identified mtDNA haplotypes (n = 41). The distribution of the identified haplotypes of Microtus arvalis across various landscape-geographical areas correlates well with the location of the most remote haplotypes on the parsimony network. The assumption is given about the re-settlement (about 9000 thousand years ago) and further settlement of Microtus arvalis on the modern territory of Belarus in two directions: from southeast to west and to northwest, as well as from north to southeast.
Attractiveness of synthetic pheromones for stem pests monitoring in pine stands in Belarus
Authors: Usenya V. V. , Shatravko V. G. , Blinova N. S. , Pomaz G. M.
Published: February 2023

Dynamics of pine stands dieback in 2016‒2021 in the forest fund of Belarus is presented. The area of clear sanitary cuttings was 112.3 thousand hectares.The results of field tests on attractiveness assessment of Belarusian synthetic pheromones “IPSVABOL V”, “IPSVABOL SH”, “MONVABOL” using barrier traps for monitoring the abundance of sharp-dentated (Ips acuminatus G yll.) a nd s ixtoothed (Ips sexdentatus Boern.) bark beetles and longhorn beetles (Monochamus spp.) in pine stands are presented. During insect abundance monitoring in pine stands, it was found that the synthetic pheromone “IPSVABOL V”, “IPSVABOL SH” and “MONVABOL” are highly attractive to beetles of the sharp-dentated, six-toothed bark and longhorn beetles of the genus Monochamus when monitoring their abundance in pine stands. It was revealed that the first generation flying of the sharpdentated and six-toothed bark beetles are the most widespread and higher by 1.8‒4.5 and 3.8‒5.1 times of the second generation flying of these stem pests, respectively.For the first time, scales for assessing the abundance and methods for pheromone monitoring of the sharp-dentated and six-toothed bark beetles, and longhorn beetles (Monochamus spp.) have been developed. The use of the developed scales in forest protection practice makes it possible to quickly control the abundance of these stem pests and their distribution in pine stands for appointment of forest protection measures.
Biophysical mechanisms of intracellular signaling (transduction) in higher plants
Authors: Volotovski I. D. , Sukhaveyeva S. V. , Kabachevskaya E. M.
Published: February 2023

Three fundamental processes running in plant organisms under influence of environment (light, gravity) and key importance were considered. In the light case these are phytоchrome regulation and phototropism considering process is gravitropism. Phytochrome is responsible for regulatory reaction at the inhibition of which the plants cannot be normally developed. The plants do not need phototropism and gravitropism. They were elaborated by evolution as protective reactions to optimize the plant vitality. All these processes are realized according to one and the same logical scheme: stimulus reception, signaling processes in plant cell (transduction) and proper biological effect. According to this scheme the three reactions were considered. As the result the data adout the reception stages are principally different because receptor nature. Signaling processes proceed with participation of many low molecular and high molecular mediators to participate and biophysical, biochemical and genetic reactions. One fact attracts attention that the same mediators are involved to signaling ending by principally different final biological effect.This allows to suggest the existance in plant cell no separate chains for each stimulus but regulatory network formed by lateral and horizontal transduction chains.
Results and prospects of optimization of agrochemical indicies of arable soils fertility in Belarus
Authors: Bogdevitch I. M.
Published: February 2023

A critical overview of dynamics of agrochemical indices of arable soils fertility over 50-year period is presented. The low-yield sod-podzol and swampy soils of Belarus were relatively poor in available plant nutrients. As a result of the largescale water engineering, liming and the intensive use of fertilizers over the period of 1965–2020 the productivity of arable land increased from 1.5 to 4.6 tons per hectare in grain equivalent. The significant improvement of soil fertility status was also achieved. Data of soil fertility status are based on the large-scale soil test monitoring conducted by State Agrochemical Service every 4–5 years. The share of strongly and moderately acid soils with pH < 5.0, that are harmful for the main crops, decreased from 66.8 % in 1970 to 4.5% of total area of arable land in 2004. However, the share of acid arable soils increased up to 9.8% in 2020, due to insufficient volume of liming that will be increased in the forthcoming years. The average organic matter (O.M.) content had been strongly increased from 1.77 to 2.28 % during the period of 1970–2000, due to high share of perennial grasses in cropping structure and manure application up to 14–15 t/ha per year. About 1 million ha of drained soils with the high O.M. content was also involved to arable land. The average O.M. content in the last two decades had been in mobile equilibrium of 2.23–2.27 % with a tendency to decline in some districts. The average contents of mobile Phosphorous and Potassium in arable soils increased up to 2.4–3.2 times during the experimental period and they are in the optimal range for cultivated crops. Currently balanced fertilization is the most important, with differentiation of fertilizer rates that would be most suitable to crop requirements and soil tests on each field. Formation and maintenance of optimal soil fertility indices, especially pH and mobile Р2О5 and К2О contents, are strictly controlled as protective measures on the land contaminated with radionuclides 137Cs and 90Sr after Chernobyl accident. Measures to improve the efficiency of capital investment at fertility reproduction and use of arable soils are discussed currently.
Micropropagation of belarusian cultivars of blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L. var. kamtschatica)
Authors: Kolbanova E. V.
Published: February 2023

For blue honeysuckle cultivars of Belarusian selection (Zinri and Sinyavokaya), a method of micropropagation for the production of high-quality planting material is proposed. Initiation of in vitro culture: in the period of intensive growth of shoots – the first decade of June. Explants were apical points isolated from the apical and axillary buds of green shoots. The nutrient medium was WPM supplemented with 6-BA at a concentration of 1.0 mg/l. Micropropagation stage: MS medium containing double strength iron chelate with 1.5 mg/l of 6-BA. In vitro rhizogenesis: in MS medium the concentration of macroand microsalts and iron chelate was reduced to half strength, the sucrose concentration was reduced to 20 g/l, IBA – 1.5–2.0 mg/l). Ex vitro adaptation: substrate – perlite. It is possible to reduce the cost of obtaining the planting material by eliminating in vitro rooting stage from micropropagation scheme. Simultaneous direct ex vitro rooting and adaptation of microplants should be carried out on the substrate of Sphagnum L. moss with a surface layer (0.5 cm) of peat. Long-term storage (up to 12 months) at low positive temperatures (+3–4 °C) in refrigerator should be carried out at rooting stage (in MS medium the concentration of macro- and microsalts and iron chelate was reduced to half strength, the sucrose concentration was reduced to 20 g/l, IBA – 1.0 mg/l).
Effect of the photoperiod of red led lighting during incubation on the growth, hematological and physiological parameters of chicken embryos of Lohmann Brown cross
Authors: Chelnokova M. I. , Chelnokov A. A. , Arzhankova J. V. , Skoptsova T. I.
Published: February 2023

The effect of various photoperiod modes of red LED lighting on eggs under incubation on the growth, development of visceral organs, hematological profile of blood, stress level, metabolism, chicken embryos and results of incubation of egg of Lohmann Brown cross has bee studied. On the 21st day, with a 24-hour light mode, embryos showed an increase in body length and weight, muscle stomach, liver and spleen, and at 18- and 12-hour mode – body weight, muscle stomach, liver and spleen. In the absence of light and 12-hour light mode, embryos showed lymphocytopenia and neutrophilia, and increased stress levels. At the 24- and 18 hours modes, the intensity of respiration and level of basal metabolism in embryos on the 21st day increased compared to developing embryos in the absence of light and with 12-hour light impact. The 24- and 18-hour modes were superior in terms of number of chickens bred compared to control and 12-hour lighting mode. The hatching under prolonged light was significantly higher than in absence of light and under 12-hour illumination by 1.99–2.33 p.p. and 4.99– 5.33 %, and hatchability – by 2.16–3.32 p.p. and 3.68–4.84 %. The highest embryonic viability during 19–21 days was detected with round-the–clock lighting, and the highest fetal death was detected with 12-hour lighting. Thus, in the practice of incubation of eggs of the Lohmann Brown cross, it is advisable to use continuous red LED lighting, which contributes to intensive development of chicken embryos and visceral organs (muscle stomach, liver and spleen), stress resistance, optimization of metabolism, increased hatching and hatchability.
Study of diagnostic value of the reaction of indirect hemaglutination in comparison with enzyme immune assay and other serological tests at cattle brucellosis
Authors: Mikailov M. M. , Chernykh O. Yu. , Gunashev Sh. A. , Yanikova E. A. , Khalikov A. A. , Nurlygayanova G. A. , Sklyarov O. D. , Lemiasheuski V. O.
Published: February 2023

The results of comparative brucellosis diagnostic studies of blood sera from cattle at farms with different epizootic situations, performed in 2021 in the laboratory of the Caspian Zonal Research Veterinary Institute – a branch of the Dagestan Agriculture Science Centre, are presented in the paper. The diagnostic efficiency of the indirect hemagglutination test (IHA) was studied in comparison with enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), agglutination test (RA), complement fixation test (CFR), rose-bengal test (RBP) and immunodiffusion reaction with O-PS antigen (RID with O-PS antigen). The specificity of these serological tests was confirmed by the negative results of studies of 40 samples of blood serum of non-vaccinated against brucellosis animals at a brucellosis-safe farm. The sensitivity of the tested diagnostic tools was determined using 46 blood serum samples from cows immunized with the B. abortus 82 vaccine at a brucellosis-prone farm. According to the results obtained, in particular, according to a significant percentage of animals positively reacting to brucellosis in RID with O-PS antigen and high titers of RNHA, RA and RSK, it can be stated that the infection in the herd proceeds in an acute form. Thus, positive results were obtained in RNGA in the study of 18 (39.1%), ELISA (LLC NPF “Sibbiotest”) – 29 (63 %), in RSK – 18 (39.1 %), in RA – 15 (32.6 %), RBP – 15 (32.6 %) and RID with O-PS antigen – 7 (15.2 %) blood serum samples. The conducted studies have shown that RNHA is one of the most sensitive tests, which makes it possible to detect a high percentage of animals with brucellosis at a brucellosis-prone farm (39.1% of those studied) in the early stages after infection and surpasses the results of most other serological methods. The results of comparative serological studies of blood serum samples of cattle in RNHA, IEA, RSK, RA, RBP and RID with O-PS confirmed the specificity of the tests and the high sensitivity of RNHA with brucellosis erythrocyte antigen.
Innovative technology and equipment for preparing whole milk replacer
Authors: Perednya V. I. , Bakach N. G. , Romanovich A. A. , Zhilich E. L. , Kuvshinov A. A.
Published: February 2023

Technologies and equipment sets for the preparation of whole milk replacer (WMR) for feeding calves of the dairy period are presented in the paper. It is shown that the farms of Russia and Belarus mainly use imported milk replacer. Studies have established that it is more relevant to produce milk replacer in our countries based on local leguminous crops. The grains of these crops contain the necessary components, such as fats, proteins, carbohydrates, etc. only in hard-to-digest forms for calves of the dairy period with gastrointestinal not being yet formed. It is shown that the effect of heat and moisture in combination with the use of cavitation treatment of a mixture of leguminous crops can be used to obtain high-quality whole milk replacers. In order to reduce the metal and energy capacities of the milk replacer preparation process, electromagnetic waves were used, which also made it possible to reduce the processing time of the components. Analytical studies made it possible to establish that the cavitation phenomenon occurs in the liquid when the pressure decreases in it to the limit, when the stream ruptures occur. Based on the studies, the parameters of the structural elements of the cavitator-hydrodispergator are established, which ensure the mode of the destruction of grain forces.
Economic and legal potential of the agricultural industry of the Kyrgyz Republic in conditions of the society’s digital development
Authors: Semenov S. R. , Semenov N. S.
Published: February 2023

This paper dwells on economic and legal potential of the agricultural sector of the Kyrgyz Republic in conditions of the society’s digital development, and also provides recommendations for the development of the agricultural sector in the field of information relations. The growth of the digital economic space in the world practice was most accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic, when the main directions of economic development of many countries began to depend on the digitalization of certain sectors of the economy and the society. Methods of economic and legal analysis of the agricultural sector were used during the study, including analysis of the development of information and communication technologies, communications and the Internet in the current period of the country’s development. This study showed that state-and-private interaction and partnership should be closer and aimed at creating a common information structure of the industry, including one based on the adoption of common legal and economic solutions. Based on the study conducted, it is recommended to strengthen the level of information support for the rural population, create an agricultural information network and an appropriate information infrastructure, which should further strengthen the interaction between the rural population and government authorities, contribute to solution of a number of economic problems in the field of agriculture in the country.
Gusakov Vladimir Grigorievich (To the 70th Anniversary)
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: February 2023

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Theoretical aspects of investment and innovative development of agroindustrial production
Authors: Chabatul V. V. , Rusakovich A. N. , Gorustovich T. G.
Published: February 2023

The theoretical and methodological apparatus of investment activity has been developed. An analysis was made of models of investment (depending on the role of the state) and innovative development, as well as models of economic growth based on innovation. Nonlinear models for the implementation of the innovation process and types of national innovation models have been studied. The main directions of innovative development of agroindustrial production by areas of activity are identified.
Investments in human capital development: analysis and evaluation of efficiency of use
Authors: Tsetsiarynets T. T.
Published: February 2023

The article presents the methodology of economic evaluation of the effectiveness of investments in human capital development. The methodology takes into account the specifics of formation and development of human capital in the agricultural sector of the Belarusian economy. This predetermined the need to develop detailed markers that comprehensively take into account the processes of formation, accumulation, capitalization and use of human capital. This methodological approach was tested on statistical data, which confirms its practical orientation. The results obtained testify to the decreasing efficiency of investment in the development of human capital in the agricultural sector of Belarus.
Review of trends of digital transformation of agricultural production
Authors: Efremov A. A. , Kovalev I. L.
Published: February 2023

The article reveals the role of digitalization in the development of agricultural production in the Republic of Belarus and ensuring national food security. The main trends in the digital transformation of the agricultural business are identified, the level of penetration of modern information and communication technologies into the main production processes is analyzed; the prospects for the process of digitalization and intellectualization of domestic agriculture are determined in the context of the tasks set by the state and the availability of developments of companies in the field of digitalization of agriculture. Based on statistical data, conclusions were drawn about the possible pace of digital transformation of the agricultural sector. Particular attention is paid to the applications of the Internet of Things technologies, artificial intelligence in precision farming, as well as the best Russian experience in this area.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the functioning of the potato subcomplex of the Vitebsk region
Authors: Korolevich N. G. , Oganezov I. A. , Korsak M. M. , Buga A. V.
Published: February 2023

The current state of the potato industry in the Republic of Belarus in general and the Vitebsk region in particular is analyzed. The main changes in potato production volumes are revealed. An assessment is given to the key factors of the efficiency of production and sale of this crop in the region under consideration.Specific reserves for increasing the economic efficiency of production and sale of potatoes in large agricultural organizations of the Vitebsk region are considered. The necessity of introducing innovative projects in the potato growing industry to increase profitability (reduce unprofitability) in these farms is substantiated.
Assessment of the state and trends in the development of grain production as part of the formation of a sustainable fodder supply of agricultural organizations in the Vitebsk region
Authors: Loban A.h G.
Published: February 2023

The current state of the main branches of animal husbandry and the grain crops production, including the corn cultivation for grain, is reviewed, using the example of agricultural organizations in the Vitebsk region. The efficiency of using grain for fodder purposes was analyzed, taking into account the sales prices dynamics and profit margin, the ranking was made according to the yield of feed units per 1 hectare of grain crops and their cost. The most suitable for the region conditions culture has been selected and the factors influencing fluctuations in its yield have been determined.
Stages of rural areas development in Belarus during the second half of the 20 th century
Authors: Youditskaya S. D.
Published: February 2023

The main trends and factors that influenced changes in socio-economic indicators, including healthcare and housing construction, are revealed. The main indicators of the agricultural sector development and trends of urbanization are considered. The scientific research on the reasons for non-fulfillment of certain planned indicators are analyzed. The results of the study allowed us to identify a number of stages in the rural areas development in Belarus during the second half of the 20th century and give their inherent characteristics.
Godonyms of the city of Grodno (Belarus) and the city of Termez (Uzbekistan): principles of nomination
Authors: Odinaev T. N.
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the basic principles of the nomination of the streets of the cities of Grodno and Termez, due to a number of sociolinguistic, linguocultural, historical-cultural, political-ideological and socio-economic factors. On the basis of a quantitative percentage ratio, productive and unproductive types and subtypes of godonyms of each of the cities are determined, common features and national peculiarities in the system of Grodno and Termez godonymy are revealed.
Noble manors in Belarus lands in the pre-reform period: servitude exploitation and patriarchal care of the peasants
Authors: Shydlouski S. A.
Published: February 2023

The article analyzes the traditions of patriarchal care of peasants in a noble estate on Belarusian lands in the prereform period. Patriarchal care is interpreted as a social mechanism that allows maintaining a minimum acceptable level of material security for peasants in conditions of increasing serf exploitation. The term “exploitation” is defined as the process of appropriation by landlords of the results of the labor of the serf peasantry. It is indicated that the mechanism of patriarchal guardianship functioned with significant limitations and was unable to stop the further degradation of labor resources and the economy of serfs.It is noted that the system of landlord farming, formed during the existence of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and preserved in its main features on the lands of the “western provinces” of the Russian Empire, was in the process of transformation during the period under study. The local noble estate, under the influence of all-Russian socio-economic and political factors, acquired new characteristics, and at the same time retained its economic and cultural specifics, for example, a low degree of solidarity in inter-verbal communications, which affected the intensity of exploitation of serfs and the nature of care for them.
Cultural codes in the art: basic approaches to classification
Authors: Duktava L. G.
Published: February 2023

The article emphasizes the relevance of considering cultural codes in a number of modern humanitarian disciplines, characterizes the main approaches to the definition of the term “cultural code”. First, at the language level. Secondly, an approach that is based on the semiotic concept of culture, when the concept of a cultural code borders on the concepts of an archetype, symbol, sign. Thirdly, the concept of “cultural code” is considered together with such concepts as “national worldview”, “peculiarities of the national worldview” and “national-analytical idea”.The study considers the classifications of cultural codes by V. Krasnykh, G. Bagautdinova, M. Kovshova, T. Leontieva, N. Stepanova, S. Sanko, V. Maslova, M. Pimenova and others. In the studies, there are from four to several dozen types of cultural codes: anthropomorphic, astranomic, biomorphic, spiritual, zoomorphic, calendar-chronological, quantitative, landscape, food, object, spatial, vegetative, somatic, temporal, physical-geographical, phytomorphic, floristic and etc. In general, cultural codes as carriers of culturally marked information make it possible to identify the features of the system of views and values of a certain group of society. The use of cultural codes by writers is aimed at conveying their thoughts to the recipient most clearly and, conversely, ignorance of cultural codes hinders the interpretation of a work of art.
Theoretical foundations for the formation of a common strategy for the development of the industry of the EAEU member states
Authors: Hursky V. L.
Published: February 2023

The article defines the essence and content of the general industrial development strategy of the member states of the integration association as a form of coordination of their industrial policies, identifies the subjects and objects of the formation of a general industrial development strategy, and formulates its purpose. The prerequisites for the formation of a general industrial development strategy reflecting the objective processes taking place in the world economy are identified, on the basis of which stable dependencies (patterns) characterizing the need for the formation of a general industrial development strategy of the EAEU are determined. It is established that the factors of formation of the general strategy of industrial development of the EAEU member states include factors determining the form of interstate interaction on the coordination of mechanisms for the implementation of industrial policy, and factors determining the content (directions) of the industrial development process.
In varietate concordia: revisiting hte iconology
Authors: Chesnakova K. V.
Published: February 2023

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Photo chronicle of the life and work of Maxim Tank
Authors: Novoseltseva A. V.
Published: February 2023

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Vladimir Vasilievich Gnilomedov (To the 85th Anniversary of Birth)
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: February 2023

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Peter Georgievich Nikitenko (To the 80th Anniversary of Birth)
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: February 2023

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Vladimir Grigoryevich Gusakov (То the 70th Anniversary of Birth)
Authors: Kovalenya A.
Published: February 2023

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Karakterisasi Asap Cair Hasil Pirolisis Sampah Plastik Kemasan Minyak Goreng Jenis PET dan Other Sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif
Authors: Massie Meisye , Anom I Dewe K , Tani Dj. , Solikhin Febrian
Published: February 2023

Plastik merupakan produk yang banyak digunakan ditengah masyarakat yang apabila selesai digunakan akan menjadi limbah, maka dari itu diperlukan pengetahuan tentang komposis dari plastik sehingga kita mendapatkan cara untuk mengolahnya menjadi bahan yang berguna. Telah dilakukan penelitian karakterisasi asap cair hasil pirolisis sampah plastik kemasan minyak goreng jenis PET dan OTHER sebagai bahan bakar altertatif. Asap cair dari sampah plastik jenis PET dan OTHER dibuat dengan metode pirolisis pada suhun tinggi. Salah satu bentuk pengolahan sampah plastik untuk menghasilkan energi adalah mengolah sampah plastik menjadi bahan bakar cair. Pirolisis adalah salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk mengubah sampah plastik menjadi bahan bakar cair dan dapat diproses lebih lanjut menjadi bahan bakar minyak yang sama dengan bahan bakar bensin. Keuntungan menerapkan metode pirolisis antara lain memiliki rasio konversi yang tinggi dan produknya mempunyai kandungan energi yang tinggi pula. Pada Pirolisis yang dilakukan diperoleh pirolisat sampah plastik kemasan minyak goreng jenis PET menghasilkan 77,70% asap cair dan pirolisis sampah plastik kemasan minyak goreng jenis OTHER menghasilkan asap cair kurang lebih 71,65%. Sifat-sifat fisika asap cair hasil pirolisis dari sampah plastik kemasan minyak goreng jenis PET dan jenis ORTHER belum dapat digunakan secara langsung sebagai bahan bakar minyak karena sebagian dari sifat-sifat fisika tersebut belum memenuhi standar mutu bahan bakar berdasarkan SNI. Identifikasi dengan GC-MS bahwa asap cair dari sampah plastik jenis PET terdiri dari 50 senyawa kimia dan asap cair dari sampah plastik jenis OTHER terdiri dari 49 senyawa kimia. Asap cair dari hasil pirolisis sampah plastik jenis PET dan OTHER keduanya tersusun dari turunan senyawa kimia golongan alkana, alkena, sikloalkana, sikloalkena dan alkohol.
Pulp synthesis using bamboo raw materials through unbleached and bleached processes
Authors: Siregar Sri Hilma , Rahmadini Syafri , Hasmalina Nasution , Rizki Ramadhanti Aulia , Eri Kafri
Published: February 2023

This study aims to see the potential of bamboo as a new raw material for the Indonesian pulp industry, specifically for the manufacture of pulp products, because in Indonesia, the import value for dissolving is still high, and the raw materials used still use wood plants. This study consists of three stages: the pre-hydrolysis stage using water, the cooking stage with the kraft pulping method, and bleaching using the elemental chlorine-free (ECF) method. Bamboo flakes that run into the pre-hydrolysis process decreased the Kappa Number value of pulp produced, which ranges from 4.63% - 14.52% compared to bamboo flakes that do not run into the pre-hydrolysis process. The brightness increase to 0.844% - 2.96% compared to bamboo flakes that do not run into the process of pre-hydrolysis. For pulp products, the value of Alpha Cellulose obtained is around 89.18% - 90.32%.
Pengolahan dan Pengembangan Batang Talas Menjadi Olahan Keripik
Authors: Susetya Patria , Hasanah Uswatun , Wahyuningsih Nur , Ramlah Ramlah , Asiah Nur , Mahyarani Mahyarani , Lestari Linda , Prawita Ivon , Rizky Tri Juliana Maysya , Ulumul Azri Khafifah , Hayati Laila
Published: February 2023

Taro is one of a plant that can benefit most from bulbs, stems, and leaves. This community service activity aims to develop a talk-bar product that is one of the many rural businesses that diversify flavor and modify packaging and expand marketing. Developing the taro stems into chips will create new potential in Gegerung villages, as well as the use of internet media technology to promote promotional opportunities. This community service activity used a descriptive method to figure out matters in the territory to provide solutions to the problem. The target of this community service activity is one of the residents in North Orong Village who owns UMKM and is moving into the food fields. The study consists of three stages, namely observation, implementation and assistance, and product marketing. Observation activities and assistance to marketing products are going well and smoothly, starting with modifying packages to become more interesting, creating new flavors and then creating packaging logos, creating social media as an online medium of marketing, and then marketing them.
PERCEPÇÕES DE PROFESSORES SOBRE O DOCUMENTO CURRICULAR DE HABILIDADES PRIORITÁRIAS DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA DE ALAGOAS: ENTRE O REAL E O PRESCRITO
Authors: Lima Cleia Da Silva , OLIVEIRA JUNIOR VALDECK GOMES DE , CAVALCANTE VALERIA CAMPOS
Published: February 2023

Este texto tem como objetivo analisar as percepções dos professores em relação ao Documento Curricular de Habilidades Prioritárias – Referencial Curricular de Alagoas – para a área Língua Portuguesa, mais especificamente com foco nos gêneros textuais mais utilizados nas aulas remotas. O referido documento vem orientando as escolas alagoanas no processo de elaboração de suas propostas curriculares no âmbito dos municípios. Enveredamo-nos por um percurso metodológico de natureza qualitativa, quanto à técnica, focamos no “estudo de caso múltiplos” (STAKE, 2006), tendo como subsídios os teóricos Candau (1999); Freire (2005); Ferraço (2006); Moreira; Silva (2013); Sacristian (2006); Soares (1998), entre outros. Nessa perspectiva, os professores precisam ser compreendidos como agentes intelectuais transformadores, no sentido de desenvolver um processo de ensino aprendizagem de qualidade e comprometido com os atuais estudantes que frequentam os espaços das escolas públicas.
A ECONOMIA COMPORTAMENTAL COMO FATOR DE INFLUÊNCIA NA TOMADA DE DECISÃO RACIONAL DE CONSUMO
Authors: AGUIAR FILHO VALENTIN , Aguiar Josélia Barros Lima
Published: February 2023

À luz da economia neoclássica moderna, o homo economicus é um ser com um senso particular de racionalidade. Contudo, como se explica o fato de tantas pessoas se arruinarem gastando dinheiro com trivialidades de pouca utilidade? O excesso de confiança, apoiado na presunção de que a maioria dos indivíduos tem suas próprias habilidades, conduz à superestimação equivocada da probabilidade de sucesso, afetando suas preferências e culminando com alternativas de decisões de consumo arriscadas. Se houver dinheiro suficiente em jogo, as pessoas deixam de se comportar como homo economicus, passando a agir como homo emoticus. Nessa acepção, a economia comportamental poderá contribuir significativamente para a tomada de decisão racional de consumo dos indivíduos, visto que, esta nova corrente do pensamento econômico, leva em consideração o comportamento humano real, sua cognição humana e social, e suas tendências emocionais de racionalidade.
Identification of Effective Strategies for the Enhancement of ECE Enrollment ratio: A Selected Study of District Kamber Shahdadkot and Khairpur Mir’s schools.
Authors: Soomro Abul Ala Mukhtar , Wassan Shahid Hussain , Solangi Dr Ghulam Muhiuddin
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Early Childhood Education (ECE) is a form of education which has been introduced in Pakistan from 3-8years old children till the beginning of formal education. The study is aimed at to explore the effective strategies in order to intensify the enrollment of ECE. The descriptive survey study was conducted at both public and private sector schools. It is to enhance the enrollment of ECE children. Head masters, ECE teachers, and students of the locality formed population of the study. Random sampling technique was made to generalize the results of sample. After the collection of data from two Questionnaires first from Head teachers and second from ECE teachers’ data were analyzed in quantitative methods through the SPSS 23 version. As the conclusion is to enhance enrollment of students, has been projected to address the real elements of enrollment in order to increase it at the rapid pace. The main concern of this research study deal the issues of lesser enrollment at ECE level shortage of well trained teachers, lack of material, malnutrition, poverty, and health pandemic COVID-19,  to specify the strategies for enhancement of enrollment ratio of ECE students such as integral formation, didactic activities, professional performance of head teachers and teachers, immediate response to pandemic and manipulation of mass, digital media, reconstruction of connectivity between stakeholders, separation of ECE teachers with integration of innovative activities such as STEM and STEAM, ICT for holistic development of children.

 

Keywords: Early Childhood Education, issues and challenges Identification of strategies, Enhancement of enrollment.