bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Professionals’ Readiness to Manage Violence Against Women
Authors: Cardoso Raquel , Pinheiro Ornelas José Henrique , Silva Marta
Published: September 2024

Over recent years, community-based responses to domestic violence against women have become an important topic, and there is growing recognition that domestic violence requires a comprehensive response from agencies across a variety of community sectors. When reaching out for help, female survivors of domestic violence need to have access to a broad range of services, empowering professionals to manage violence against women, and coordinated community responses that promote safety, autonomy, and integration. Since the early 1990s, Portugal has been gradually moving toward a community-based approach to domestic violence against women where local organizations and professionals are major stakeholders of this policy. Besides having had an increased network of services implemented, it is important to examine how prepared service providers are to respond effectively. The current study analyzed how ready professionals in Portugal are to deliver interventions targeting violence against women. A total of 585 professionals from different backgrounds completed a readiness survey. The results revealed that, despite their perceived readiness, professionals are not duly prepared to respond effectively to violence against women. They lack the appropriate knowledge and training to respond effectively to survivors. Hence, further efforts must be made to change professional practices and services to ensure that abuse is recognized, barriers are overcome, and interventions are more effective.
Family Conflict and Violence, Family Separation and Negligence Towards Children
Authors: CLARISSA
Published: September 2024

The Child Labour: Action-Research-Innovation in South and South-Eastern Asia (CLARISSA) programme uses Action Research (AR) to understand the dynamics which drive the worst forms of child labour (WFCL), and to generate participatory innovations which help to shift these underlying dynamics and mitigate their worst effects. Through 13 Action Research Groups (ARGs) in Bangladesh and 12 groups in Nepal, the programme is generating a rich understanding – particularly through children’s lived experiences – of the complex underlying drivers of harmful work and working children and their employers are themselves defining, piloting and evaluating their own innovative actions that aim to increase children’s options to avoid WFCL. This group worked on the theme ‘Family conflict and violence, family separation and negligence towards children’.
How Might the National Revenue Authority of Sierra Leone Enhance Revenue Collection by Taxing High Net Worth Individuals?
Authors: Quak Evert-jan
Published: September 2024

Like many low-income countries, Sierra Leone collects little revenue from high net worth individuals (HNWIs), who usually manage to avoid contributing their fair share of taxes. The National Revenue Authority (NRA) of Sierra Leone is seeking a strategy to increase their compliance. This Research in Brief explores potential measures to achieve this goal. To identify options for the NRA to tax HNWIs, data was collected through semi-structured interviews and a focus group discussion with stakeholders from the public and private sector, combined with an assessment of available administrative data. Summary of ICTD Working Paper 156 written by Jalia Kangave, Giovanni Occhiali and Ishmail Kamara
Construcción y función del símbolo poético del cisne en Luis Alfonso de Carvallo. Reminiscencias clásicas
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Zurita Sánchez Karina Marlen
Published: September 2024

Se parte de un elemento simple como el cisne y se da cuenta del modo en que se enriqueció de un sinnúmero de connotaciones a partir de su mención denotativa, simbólica o metafórica desde la Antigüedad y hasta su presencia en el tratado de poética titulado Cisne de Apolo (1602). Se hace una revisión tanto de las imágenes como de los textos que ofrece Alciato —como antecedente directo—, con una mirada hacia atrás para sacar a la luz sus orígenes más recónditos en la tradición griega y latina.
Imago mundi, ingenio y agudeza en el impreso antiguo
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, Carreño Velázquez Elvia
Published: September 2024

Se muestra cómo la confección de las portadas de los libros, en los siglos XVI al XVIII, era una vía para crear conceptos agudos, donde campeaban motivos y símbolos clásicos que podían establecer un juego con el lector y con la obra misma. Se presenta un análisis de distintas portadas de Justus Lipsius, Francisco de Quevedo y Arias de Villalobos (de la Ciudad de México), en las que confluyen diversos elementos que muestran el arte y la agudeza para presentar al lector-observador una primera lectura, en clave, de la obra.
La fruta como motivo literario erótico desde la Antigüedad hasta el Siglo de Oro
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Contreras Malagón Anuar Kiryataim , Martínez Torrero María Isabel ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: September 2024

Se muestra que muchos elementos de la naturaleza que hoy en día tienen significados simbólicos muy precisos, en el pasado anclaban sus posibilidades de interpretación en la literatura antigua; particularmente los frutos redondos se asociaron con algunas partes del cuerpo femenino, de ahí que adquirieran un carácter erótico en el cortejo amoroso. En paralelo, los poetas solían construir metáforas a partir de la mención de ciertos frutos para hablar de mujeres y de amores atendiendo las exigencias del debido decoro.
Chronique piscicole : étude des conditions de la pêche à l'électricité dans les eaux tropicales
Authors: Lamarque P. , Thérézien Y. , Charlon Nicole
Published: September 2024

Pas de résumé
LEGALITAS PERMOHONAN HAK ASUH ANAK OLEH SELAIN PIHAK KELUARGA MELALUI PENGADILAN AGAMA
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah
Published: September 2024

Lingkungan hak asuh anak yang tidak kondusif dapat menghambat perkembangan anak, karena tidak terpenuhinya hak-hak anak dengan baik. Di dalam suasana lingkungan keluarga yang tidak kondusif (broken home), kewenangan hak asuh anak sering menjadi perdebatan dan bahkan tidak jelas. Selain terganggunya lingkungan hak asuh anak sebagai akibat dari lingkungan yang tidak kondusif, tidak jarang orangtua anak memilih untuk mangalihkan hak asuh anaknya untuk diasuh oleh pihak selain dari keluarga, atau bahkan dititipkan di lembaga panti asuhan. Di dalam pengalihan lingkungan hak asuh anak kepada orang lain selain pihak keluarga ataupun kepada panti asuhan perlu adanya legalitas  dari pengadilan sebagai dasar sahnya suatu pengasuhan yang memiliki berbagai dampak hukum sebagai konsekuensi dari pengalihan lingkungan hak asuh anak. Di satu sisi, Pengadilan Agama yang merupakan salah satu lembaga pelaksana kekuasaan kehakiman di Indonesia tidak memiliki dasar legalitas yang secara jelas dalam memeriksa, memutus, dan menyelesaikan perkara permohonan hak asuh yang diajukan oleh selain pihak keluarga. Sehingga eksistensi lembaga Pengadilan Agama dalam memeriksa, memutus dan menyelesaikan perkara permohonan hak asuh anak ini menjadi penting untuk dikaji, karena mengingat tidak adanya regulasi yang mengatur kewenangan secara jelas bagi Pengadilan Agama untuk menyidangkan perkara permohonan pengasuhan anak atau hak asuh anak yang diajukan oleh selain dari pihak keluarga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (field research) yang tergolong dalam penelitian kualitatif yang memadukan antara teori dan praktek di lapangan yang menghasilkan jawaban yang bukan berupa angka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengadilan agama dapat memeriksa, memutus dan menyelesaikan perkara permohonan hak asuh anak yang diajukan oleh selain pihak keluarga dengan mengacu kepada dua landasan secara umum yaitu landasan yuridis dan landasan filosofis.
Keyword: Legalitas, Hak Asuh, Pengadilan Agama.
MARRIAGE READINESS OF ADOLESCENTS AGED 20-24 IN INDONESIA
Authors: Murniati Chairunnisa , Pujihasvuty Resti , Nasution Sri Lilestina , Oktriyanto Oktriyanto , Amrullah Hilma
Published: September 2024

Readiness for marriage in adolescents aged 20-24 years shows readiness to change roles and new responsibilities as husband and wife, manage the family, and raise children. This study aims to obtain information and an overview of the readiness for marriage in adolescents in Indonesia aged 20-24 from 10 aspects of readiness. The research used a quantitative approach, targeting unmarried youth aged 20-24 in Indonesia. The instrument used is a structured questionnaire distributed via a Google Form ® link. Data analysis used the scoring method to measure the index of youth readiness in family life. This study classifies adolescents' readiness scores in family life into two categories: ready and not ready, with a cut-off of 80. If the readiness value is ≥80, it is categorized as ready, whereas if the readiness index value is <80, it is classified as not ready. The result shows the index of family readiness for adolescents aged 20-24 years in Indonesia is 79.21. It means that adolescents aged 20-24 years in Indonesia are still categorized as not ready to live with a family. The ten dimensions of readiness classified "as not yet ready" are financial, age and planning aspects of marriage, emotional, physical, intellectual, and social aspects. In contrast, readiness aspects categorized as "ready" are life skills, mental, interpersonal, and moral aspects.
Marginalizing Local Government in COVID-19 Containment: The Case of Kerala, India
Authors: Moolakkattu John S.
Published: September 2024

Local governments (LGs) have an advantage in fighting pandemics compared to other levels of government. This is evident from the success stories of many local governments around the world. Because LGs are closer to the ground situation, they are able to act more contextually and flexibly. Pandemic containment measures like contact tracing, physical distancing, wearing of masks, quarantining,  encouraging vaccination, and social support are easier for local governments to undertake with a certain degree of ownership. This paper analyses the role of rural LGs known as panchayats in containing pandemics, particularly Kerala, which has the most empowered village-level panchayats in India and has experience in participatory planning for more than two decades. The paper discusses Kerala's gains in pandemic management and the areas where it lagged.
The Role of Religions in Education of Ethics of Diversity
Authors: Monia Naffati Gharbi
Published: September 2024

The phenomena of  life refers to diversity and plurality, which means disputation is a way of life and a permanent code, therefore existence needs diversity so as to achieve integration and mutual interest. In our own era, a lot of terrorist acts, bloody conflicts  and sectarianism disputation of school of thought threaten human life. This lead us to promote the idea of  disputation etiquettes as a high calibre intention that unify efforts for achieving comprehensive and justice  universal peace. This study analyses the role of religions’  education on disputation so as to arrive to etiquettes that leading us to solve our moral issues and become a civilized way to deal with disputation with others.
Moral Education Methods for Mentally Disabled Children at SLB Rela Bhakti I Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta
Authors: Maimanah Ismah Fatatul , Darmadji Ahmad
Published: September 2024

Students with intellectual disabilities have different characteristics and abilities, their handling also varies according to the level and type of mental retardation, so educators must have varied knowledge and skills in using teaching methods for students with intellectual disabilities. The aims of this research are (1) To determine the method of moral education for mentally retarded children at SLB Rela Bhakti I Gamping Sleman, (2) To determine the impact of moral education on the personality of mentally retarded children at SLB Rela Bhakti I Gamping Sleman. This research includes qualitative field research with a phenomenological approach to determine the method of moral education at SLB Rela Bhakti I Gamping Sleman. The subjects in this research are teachers and students with mild mental retardation, while the object of this research has two components, namely place and activities. The data collection method used was triangulation (observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this research show that SLB Rela Bhakti I Gamping Sleman uses 9 educational methods in implementing moral education in schools, namely the lecture method, the exemplary method, the habituation method, the demonstration method, the direct practice, direct introduction method, discussion method, thematic method and field trip method.
The Influence of Knowledge of Islamic Economics on Interest in Investing in Sharia Stocks among Generation Z in Surakarta City with the UTAUT Model
Authors: Aji Cakrabumi Sumarsono , Achiria Siti
Published: September 2024

The era of the Sharia digital financial industry is developing much better. Z Generation is one of the generations who were born to enjoy accessible, instantaneous, and sophisticated technology. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the influence of Islamic economic knowledge on performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions on interest in Islamic stock investment among the Z generation in Surakarta City. This study used a quantitative method. 100 Z Generation members in Surakarta City were involved as respondents, and data analysis was done using multiple linear regression. The results showed that Islamic economic knowledge had no effect on the Behavioral Intention of Sharia stock investment; meanwhile, Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social influence, and Facilitating Conditions showed a positive effect on the Behavioral Intention of Sharia Stock investment among the Z Generation in Surakarta City.
Beyond the Framing Process: An X-Ray of Newspaper Reportage of Conflicts in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Garba Sabiu , Msughter Aondover Eric
Published: September 2024

This study assessed the pattern of news framing of the Ombatse conflict in Nasarawa State from to 2012-2015 in Daily Trust and Leadership newspapers to determine whether the newspapers mediated mayhem through the application of framing ideology. The Ombatse is an Eggon cult-like ethnic group laced with a political agenda formed to influence the structure of power in the state in response to the alleged marginalization of the Eggon people. This study employed four frames to measure the perspective of media reports on the phenomenon. The study used the census sampling technique to select specific dailies over a four-year period. News stories were the unit of analysis, and the data-gathering instrument was a coding sheet. The data established that newspapers reported the conflict predominantly in negative patterns, painting a grotesque picture of the situation, thereby creating more tension in the state, especially during the massacre of over 100 federal security personnel. The study concluded that at the time of coverage, Nigerian newspapers did not mediate through positive framing patterns; instead, they created more tension. The study recommended that, since the role of the media in conflict may either inflame or deflate passion toward the end of conflict, journalists should focus more on positive news reports, especially in a multi-ethnic, complex, and fragile country like Nigeria. Such positivity of media frames is germen in minimizing tension and resolving conflict amid mutual suspicion and fear of denomination.
Social Construct of Nollywood Films and Ethnocentrism in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Vitalis Perpetua Ogechi , Amadi Richard N. , White Dike Harcourt
Published: September 2024

Nollywood, Nigeria's signature video-film culture, has had its fortunes significantly impacted or improved since the early 1990s, when it emerged as a powerful cultural production site in the national imagination. Nollywood has since travelled from its aboriginal Nigerian homeland and transgressed national boundaries to become a truly global film phenomenon with post-national aspirations and global ambitions. The global enactment of energies by this film tradition has occasioned a transition from “old” Nollywood to what is now called “neo” or “new” Nollywood. “New” Nollywood, therefore, represents a trajectory that has inaugurated a new dispensation of big budget films and excellence in sophisticated storytelling with an experimental and improvisational character. It has also introduced complicated and unpredictable plot structures, improved characterization, and improved picture quality. There is also greater directorial competence and rounded scripts with greater technical depth and cultural verisimilitude. There also exists higher professional acumen and integrity, and more robust attention to the minutiae of post-production details. In addition, there has been increased collaboration between Nollywood and other film cultures in the areas of joint starring in films, international settings, and circulation reach. This “new” ideal radically contrasts with “old” Nollywood. This study engages the post-nationality of Nollywood, which manifests in its traveling patterns and the transgression of cartographic boundaries to engage diasporic communities around the world. Of particular interest in this study is how Nollywood has emerged as the third biggest film industry in the world, after Hollywood and Bollywood, from its humble Nigerian beginnings and how this post-national character has been acquired and sustained.
Environmental Sustainability and Social Justice in Tourism: Towards a Holistic Approach
Authors: Bentley Leo
Published: September 2024

This study examines the intricate relationship between environmental sustainability and social justice within tourism. With the global imperative to address climate change and promote sustainable practices, the tourism industry stands at a pivotal juncture, where considerations of social equity and environmental stewardship must be intertwined. This study explores the concept of sustainable tourism development as a means of achieving environmental conservation as well as social justice objectives. Drawing on a multidisciplinary framework, this study examined the interconnectedness between environmental sustainability and social justice in the tourism context. It investigates how tourism activities impact local communities, mainly marginalized and vulnerable groups, and analyzes strategies to ensure an equitable distribution of benefits and opportunities. Emphasis is placed on initiatives that prioritize community engagement, cultural preservation, and empowerment of disadvantaged populations. The study also examined the role of stakeholders, including governments, tourism operators, NGOs, and local communities, in promoting a holistic approach to tourism management that balances environmental concerns with social equity goals. The ultimate aim of this study is to propose actionable recommendations and policy frameworks that integrate environmental sustainability and social justice imperatives into tourism planning and management. By fostering a symbiotic relationship among tourism development, environmental conservation, and social inclusion, this study envisions a more equitable and resilient tourism sector that contributes positively to both the planet and society.
Impacts of Actors’ Behaviour on Policy Implementation: A Case of Waste Management in Sri Lanka
Authors: Mahamadachchi Nadeeka Damayanthi
Published: September 2024

Policy implementation is a complex process that involves various factors such as the personal and official interests of actors, implanting agencies, and different contexts in the country. Although municipal solid waste management is an essential policy that must be implemented in any country to fulfil citizens’ expectations of living in good health and clean environments, it is a critical issue in many countries. To address these challenges, the government of Sri Lanka introduced the National Solid Waste Management Policy in 2007, based on internationally recognized principles, including waste reduction. Evidence shows that Municipal Solid Waste Management Policy has failed in Sri Lanka. This study examines how social norms, public attitudes, and the behaviour of actors, including citizens, the private sector, public officers, and political leaders, affect the implementation of the 2007 National Solid Waste Management Policy. This qualitative study utilized primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected through 30 semi-structured interviews and two focus group discussions conducted from November 2019 to January 2020. Research findings reveal that social norms, public attitudes, and behaviour contribute significantly to increased food waste volumes in Sri Lanka as traditional practices of food preservation, and waste minimization has been replaced by changes in lifestyle and attitudes of the people over decades. Furthermore, research findings show that negative attitudes and behaviour of political and bureaucratic leaders adversely impacted policy implementation, including conflicts among actors, delayed infrastructure development, unequal and unfair resource distribution, and hindered the quality of waste management through corrupt practices.
The Effect of Return on Asset, Earning per Share, Price Earnings Ratio, BI-Rate on Sharia Stock Prices Listed on Jakarta Islamic Index 70
Authors: Widyaningrum Lina , Andni Riyan
Published: September 2024

This study analyzes the effect of return on assets, earnings per share, price earnings Ratio and BI-Rate on the price of Shari’ ah shares in a managed company included in the Jakarta Islamic Index 70 (JII 70). Sampling using the Purposive Sampling technique by looking at data from quarterly financial statements for the period March 2018 to December 2022 obtained six samples of companies in the consumer goods sector. This includes quantitative research using documentation methods and literature sourced from secondary data. using fixed-effect estimation models and panel data regression analysis methods, with a chow test, Hausman test, classical assumption test, and hypothesis test, where data processing was performed using Eviews. The results showed that ROA and PER affected stock prices, while PER and BI-Rate did not have a partial effect on stock prices. Simultaneously, ROA, EPS, PER and BI-7day can affect stock prices. Thus, a definite investor decision can be made regarding the stock when the factors meet the accepted yield criteria. However, it is necessary to conduct further research on the relationship of factors in understanding market conditions that are indicators in investment decisions to be more relevant and obtain benefits in the future.
Re-Evaluating the Development of the Islamic Sciences: The Case Against the Classical Narrative and the Myth of Decline
Authors: Lucas Adam
Published: September 2024

Eurocentric myths about Western scientific and technological superiority persist in popular culture and some scholarly circles. A prevalent myth suggests that Islamic contributions to modern science were primarily the transmission of ancient Greek and Roman knowledge to medieval and early modern Europe. A less extreme version posits significant contributions during Islam's "Golden Age," followed by a decline between the late eleventh and late fourteenth centuries. This paper challenges these narratives, presenting recent scholarship that demonstrates continuous major advances in astronomy, physics, mathematics, and medicine by Islamic scholars throughout the late Middle Ages and into the early modern period. The study underscores the inadequacy of the classical narrative, which claims that Islamic scientific activity declined after an initial period of prosperity. Historians like Eugene von Grunebaum, Otto Neugebauer, and George Saliba have provided evidence that Islamic scholars not only preserved ancient knowledge but also made original contributions that influenced later European developments. This includes advancements in fields such as astronomy, where figures like Nasir al-Din al-Tusi and Ibn al-Shatir developed models later utilized by Copernicus. The paper also highlights continued progress in medicine and mathematics, with scholars like Al-Razi and Ibn Sina making lasting impacts on European scientific thought. The article argues for a re-evaluation of the role of Islamic sciences, emphasizing that many significant contributions remain understudied due to a lack of accessible manuscript sources. By debunking the myth of decline, the paper calls for recognition of the dynamic and sustained intellectual activity within Islamic cultures, which continued to produce influential scientific work well into the early modern era.
Forgiveness as a Mediator of Neuroticism and Subjective Well-Being Among University Students in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Nashori Fuad , Diana Raden Rachmy , Saputri D Leonita Ikasari , Subandi Subandi , Aziz Rahmat
Published: September 2024

This research is intended to determine the role of the personality traits of neuroticism and forgiveness on the psychological well-being of students. The research subjects were active students at various universities in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The method used is a quantitative method. Data were collected using the Personality Scale, Neuroticism subscale, Forgiveness Scale, and SPANE, and SWLS. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The research hypothesis is that forgiveness acts as a mediator in the relationship between the personality trait of emotional stability and students' subjective well-being. The results of the research show that the neuroticism variable plays a role in the forgiveness variable with a standardized regression coefficient value of -0.569 and a significance of p = 0.000 (p < 0.05), the forgiveness variable plays a role in the subjective well-being variable with a standardized regression coefficient value of 0.264 and a significance of p = 0.000 (p < 0.05), and the neuroticism variable plays a role in the subjective well-being variable with a standardized regression coefficient value of -0.485 and a significance of p = 0.000 (p < 0.05).
Business Incubator and Incubatee: A Thematic Review of Challenges and Success in Africa
Authors: Shillie Peter Ngek , Wokwen Cordelia
Published: September 2024

Business incubation appears to be the way out to fight startup failure, as it ensures business sustainability across Africa. This study focuses on a review of both business incubator and incubatee challenges affecting success across Africa. Through an online search, notably, Google Scholar, Researchgate, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, Scopus, and Crossref, a total of 39 documents were retained and utilized in this study. The review results highlight incubator factors - staff competencies, entrepreneurial skills, funding and sponsorship, government policies, networking, facilities, sustainability, and incubatee factors (commitment, networking, access to tech facilities, funding, and facilities) – as the key factors challenging business incubation initiatives across Africa. The researchers concluded that for optimal performance, there is a strong need for networking between incubators and incubatees.
The USA’s Ideological Globalism and Ghana’s Religious Frontier Since the 21st Century
Authors: Prempeh Charles
Published: September 2024

On 26th—29th March, 2023, Kamala Harris, the Vice President (VP) of the United States of America’s leftist party visited Ghana. The visit couched as part of the US seeking to strengthen diplomatic ties with Ghana rather generated the opposite response from the Ghanaian religious constituency. In this article, the author argues that, the US’s VP’s visit was rather read by the country’s overwhelming religious constituency as a decoy on the part of the US to advance its neo-colonial cultural revolution as part of the 21st century globalism. Taking the argument from the beginning of the 21st century, the author maintains that, the utopian idea of the US-dominated world that would foster the end of autocracy and birth economic prosperity has arguably failed. The failure of the vision of globalisation is, as the author argues, because America’s pursuit of ideological politics in support of minority sexual rights runs contrary to the aspiration of family as a religious mandate in the orthodoxy and orthopraxy of Ghana’s religious constituency. Consequently, the author analysing online news report about the backlash that emerged from the US’s VP’s visit concludes that, both Ghana’s President and US VP were involved in making use of the word “we” in direct violation of the terms of the social contract that invest “we” in the people, not the presidents as individuals. Concurrently, compounded by a world reeling under the major disruptions that the coronavirus pandemic caused and the impact of the current impasse between Russia and Ukraine, the author maintains that, America’s cultural and social revolution remains the nemesis of the aspirations of globalisation.
Case Series of Pediatric Special Cases on Autopsy
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, MGM Medical College, Indore 452001, Madhya Pradesh, India, Rai Radhika , Dawani Astha ,   Senior Resident, Department of Pathology, MGM Medical College, Indore 452001, Madhya Pradesh, India, Sukheja Chakshu ,   Junior Resident, Department of Pathology, MGM Medical College, Indore 452001, Madhya Pradesh, India, Panchonia Ashok ,   Professor, Department of Pathology, MGM Medical College, Indore 452001, Madhya Pradesh, India, Mittal Meena ,   Professor, Department of Pathology, MGM Medical College, Indore 452001, Madhya Pradesh, India, Yerawar Mrudula ,   Junior Resident, Department of Pathology, MGM Medical College, Indore 452001, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published: September 2024

context: Medico-legal autopsy is performed to find out the cause, time of death and identify diseases which could have contributed to the death. Gross and microscopic examination, toxicological analysis and laboratory investigations will aid in establishing the cause of death. Histopathological analysis is considered as the gold standard in finding out a cause of death in cases of sudden death or when there is no history of any previous illness. Methods and MaterIal: Four infant autopsies were conducted and their respective organs which included lungs, liver and brain and were received in our department. statIstIcal analysIs used: Results were tabulated, analyzed, and subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) Software (Trial version). results: First case showed fat emboli which was an incidental finding. Second was a case of hyaline membrane disease in a newborn. Third one was a case of steatohepatitis in a 9 month old child and the last one was an incidental finding of gemistocytic astrocytoma which was undiagnosed antemortem. conclusIon: The precise cause of death must be determined with reference to clinical, autopsy, and forensic findings before reporting histopathological finding. Histopathology in autopsy plays a vital role in the study of some of the rare lesions contributing to the knowledge of pathology. This study highlights the various incidental and rare cases in autopsies, which are of critical value in academic and research purposes.
Cenozoic Evolution of the Rongcheng High from High-Resolution 3D Seismic Reflection Imaging
Authors: Liu Hongkai , Li Hongqiang , Ye Zhuo , Gao Rui , Huang Yuanyi , Hou Hesheng
Published: September 2024

The Rongcheng High, located on the center of the Jizhong Depression, North China, presents favorable geothermal and geological characteristics, thereby rendering the fine subsurface structure crucial for accurately assessing seismic hazards and the potential for geothermal resources. In 2019, a recently acquired three-dimensional (3D) seismic dataset and processing methodologies were introduced to generate a high-resolution seismic reflection volume, centered on the Rongcheng High. The 3D reflection data revealed numerous prominent reflectors and associated fault structures, enabling a detailed study of the subsurface structure and providing an insight into the structural evolution of the Cenozoic Rongcheng High. A dissection of the fault system in the Rongcheng High unveiled a complex geometry characterized by both shallow and deep faults, indicating an initial phase of extension, followed by subsequent dextral strike-slip displacement. The Rongcheng Fault delineates the boundary between the Rongcheng High and Xushui Sag, influencing the fault sag and facilitating the development of a larger accommodation space. The depositional center shifted from west to east. The faults in the Cenozoic exhibited varying patterns of activity, beginning frequently in early Paleogene, followed by a decline, ultimately culminating in Neogene. The study area experienced two uplift events at the end of Ek2 (Kongdian-2 Formation) and Ed (Dongying Formation), resulting in the complete denudation of the Sha-2 and Dongying formations. A structural pattern characterized by alternating high and sag areas in the study area was established at the end of the depositional period of the Dongying Formation.
Neologismos com “minion” no português brasileiro
Authors: Prearo-Lima Rafael , Gobbo Maria Clara Ferreira de Mello
Published: September 2024

Uma das formas para se observar as mudanças no vocabulário de uma língua é estudar como novos termos, palavras e expressões são criados e utilizados. Nesse sentido, a formação de novas palavras é um processo contínuo que acompanha as mudanças da língua e da sociedade. Dito isso, analisamos neste trabalho neologismos no/do português brasileiro formados a partir da palavra “minion”. Para tanto, usamos um corpus composto por postagens da rede social X (antigo Twitter) com ocorrências de formações neológicas entre diferentes palavras e “minion”, dando preferência àquelas em que fosse possível compreender o significado a partir das próprias publicações. Como fundamentação teórica, recorremos aos estudos da Lexicologia, especialmente quanto às pesquisas sobre formação de palavras segundo Gonçalves (2003, 2012), Alves (2007), Basílio (2004), Cano (2007) e Prearo-Lima (2019), tendo como pano de fundo a teoria gerativista de Chomsky (2002, 1986, 1965). Os resultados revelam a existência de dois grupos principais de neologismos formados com a palavra “minion”. O primeiro está associado a referentes da política brasileira contemporânea. O segundo grupo, por sua vez, está relacionado a elementos que remetem à recente pandemia de coronavírus.
Analogia na morfologia: uma abordagem funcional-cognitiva
Authors: Gonçalves Carlos Alexandre Victorio
Published: September 2024

Neste artigo, procuramos fazer um apanhado histórico do conceito de analogia, com o intuito de mostrar de que maneira o fenômeno foi abordado em várias correntes linguísticas, sobretudo no que diz respeito à morfologia. Com ênfase na abordagem funcional/cognitiva da linguagem e por meio da discussão de exemplos de (de)formações lexicais do português brasileiro, pretendemos mostrar que a analogia constitui importante habilidade cognitiva e está por trás da criação de novas unidades morfológicas, não havendo, portanto, limite intransponível entre as criações de base analógica e as que se pautam em esquemas produtivos.
Ler imagens no tempo e no espaço: excedente de visão na escrita de currículos
Authors: Silva Fabrício José da , Borges Rosângela Rodrigues
Published: September 2024

Neste artigo, tem-se por objetivo a busca e a análise de como o escrevente, na composição do gênero do discurso currículo, dialoga com (i) a voz social da instituição/empresa, (ii) a equipe profissional e (iii) o contratante, valendo-se das noções de alteridade, exotopia, excedente de visão e cronotopo do endereçamento, de maneira a desvelar imagens de si e do outro, provocando naquele a sensação de estar vendo imagens desejadas de si. Para tanto, os modelos de currículo que constituem nosso corpus de análise foram selecionados, organizados e recortados, tendo como ponto de vista metodológico o paradigma indiciário e o excedente de visão na instância do olhar do pesquisador para a análise dos dados singulares. Como base teórico-metodológica, tem-se a perspectiva dialógica da linguagem, advinda do Círculo de Bakhtin, considerando-se a correlação entre exotopia, alteridade, excedência de visão, cronotopo(s) e cronotopo do endereçamento (Borges, 2017). Os resultados apontam que o candidato refrata a si e ao outro em seu percurso pela escrita do gênero currículo, desvelando imagens e construindo pontos de encontro que se configuram o cronotopo do endereçamento.
Feeling Nature: Measuring perceptions of biophilia across global biomes using visual AI
Authors: Duarte Fabio , Lefosse Deborah , Sanatani Rohit , Kang Yuhao , Timmeren Arjan , Ratti Carlo
Published: September 2024

An increasing number of studies suggest that biophilia encompasses benefits resulting from human-nature interactions. However, quantifying these effects remains challenging. Since natural features vary worldwide, this study explores whether people perceive biophilia universally or if it is influenced by local or geographical conditions. To this end, we quantify, qualify, and map biophilic perceptions (BP) across terrestrial biomes. We first surveyed 400 people in eight cities to identify urban features evoking more positive feelings via Google Street View imagery. Thereafter, survey outcomes were used to calculate specific metrics (coverage, diversity, distribution, intensity, specificity) aimed at measuring BP using a machine learning model to detect 25 visual biophilic classes (BC). We found that people yield greater benefits from eye contact with nature-based elements within the cityscape unanimously, regardless of biome or gender. We provide AI-driven measurement tools applicable to any city globally to foster understanding and the enhancement of biophilic experiences.
Physiological, Morphological and Root System Architecture Acclimation Responses to Drought in the African Orphan Millet White Fonio (Digitaria exilis)
Authors: Pudasaini Roshan , Amyotte Joy , Brettingham Dylan J.L. , Raizada Manish N
Published: September 2024

Aims
White fonio is an ancient West African orphan millet crop. As one of the world's fastest-maturing cereals, it helps smallholders mitigate mid-season hunger. There are no reported studies on drought acclimation responses in fonio to identify traits that can enable breeding for climate change adaptation.
Methods
Here, two white fonio accessions from wetter (Guinea) and dryer (Mali) environments were grown indoors under three moisture levels in replicated trials. Physiological, morphological and metabolomic phenotyping was undertaken, including root system architecture analysis, culminating in measuring ~ 27,000 root hairs.
Results
Fonio responded to drought by dramatically upregulating glycine- and alanine-betaine leaf concentrations. Both accessions exhibited increased root:shoot ratio and leaf angle, but reduced shoot branching, leaf width, transpiration, and stomatal conductance. Grain yield most positively correlated with SPAD chlorophyll. Lower grain fill was observed in the Guinea accession, while the Mali accession showed a surprising increase in the harvest index when exposed to extreme drought. In the Mali accession, drought resulted in fewer but longer crown roots, increased lateral root branching, and a greater density and lengthening of root hairs. In particular, leaf width, angle and SPAD were identified as cost- and time effective selection traits.
Conclusions
This paper has identified above- and below-ground drought acclimation traits in white fonio. These results build a foundation for future efforts to breed this crop to tolerate accelerating climate change, ultimately to assist vulnerable West African farmers.
Template-Based Fabrication of Copper Oxide for Persulfate Activation: Investigating Non-Radical Mechanisms in Efficient Bisphenol A Degradation
Authors: Liu Jiayun , Lai Zhiyi , Wang Kaiyong , Wu Jianning , Yang Shengchao , Liu Zhiyong , Meng Guihua , Guo Xuhong
Published: September 2024

Presently, Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) emerge as highly effective methods for breaking down organic environmental pollutants. The current investigation involves the synthesis of copper oxide (CuO) catalysts utilizing a mesoporous silica (SiO2) template for activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS), thereby targeting the elimination of bisphenol A (BPA). Characterized by their ideal pore volume and nanopore dimensions, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, serve as excellent templates for catalyst preparation. The CuO catalysts were meticulously synthesized through blending and calcination, guided by the use of mesoporous silica as a structure-directing template. This method aimed to induce significant changes in the conventional morphological characteristics of CuO. This alteration led to an increase in specific surface area and active sites of CuO, thereby enhancing PMS activation for the breakdown of organic contaminants. The work essentially demonstrates a BPA degradation rate of 89.57% within 5 minutes, incrementing to a remarkable 97.8% at the 60-minute mark, effectively achieving complete degradation. A comprehensive investigation of the CuO/PMS system's reaction mechanism for degradation of BPA involved an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy-based analysis along with a series of radical quenching tests. The findings suggest that non-free radicals play a predominant role in the degradation of BPA. Furthermore, the efficiency of BPA degradation remained at 72% following five reuses over 60 minutes, demonstrating consistent and effective degradation. This research emphasizes the pivotal role of non-radicals as the key driving force behind BPA degradation, providing compelling proof for their key role in the breakdown of organic pollutants.
Building bridges to operationalize One Health — A longitudinal two years’ AMR study in England using clinical and wastewater-based surveillance
Authors: Kasprzyk-Hordern Barbara , Xu Like , Ceolotto Nicola , Jagadeesan Kishore , Standerwick Richard , Robertson Megan , Barden Ruth , Lambert Helen
Published: September 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in clinical settings, but evidence is lacking. Considering this, we evaluated community-wide AMR in the shadow of COVID-19, using wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). 590 wastewater samples were collected from four contrasting communities in England between April 2020 and March 2022 to test for antibiotics used, their metabolites and persistent antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Catchment wide COVID-19 cases and antibiotic prescription data were triangulated with WBE data to evaluate impact of COVID-19 pandemic on changes in antibiotics use and resulting AMR at fine spatio-temporal resolution. Observed reduction in antibiotic consumption and AMR prevalence during COVID pandemic (especially during lockdowns) is likely due to reduced social interactions rather than due to reduced antibiotic prescribing. This has significant implications for practice and policy that currently focusses on the reduction of antibiotics as the key risk factor in AMR. Better, more holistic strategies encompassing One Health philosophy are needed to understand and act upon the AMR challenge.
Blimp-1 Orchestrates Macrophage Polarization and Metabolic Homeostasis via Purine Biosynthesis in Sepsis
Authors: Zhu Liuluan , Li Rui , Qin Qiushi , Peng Wenjuan , Li Lan , Liu Yujia , Zhang Yue
Published: September 2024

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by a dysregulated immune response to infection, leading to systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction. Macrophage polarization plays a critical role in pathogenesis of sepsis, and the influence of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1) on this polarization is an underexplored yet pivotal aspect. This study aimed to elucidate the role of Blimp-1 in macrophage polarization and metabolism during sepsis. Using a murine cecal ligation and puncture model, we observed elevated Blimp-1 expression in M2 macrophages. Knockdown of Blimp-1 in this model resulted in decreased survival rates, exacerbated tissue damage, and impaired M2 polarization, underscoring its protective role in sepsis. In vitro studies with bone marrow-derived macrophages, RAW264.7, and THP-1 cells further demonstrated Blimp-1 promotes M2 polarization and modulates key metabolic pathways. Metabolomics and dual-luciferase assays revealed Blimp-1 significantly influences purine biosynthesis and the downstream Ornithine cycle, which are essential for M2 macrophage polarization. Our findings unveil a novel mechanism by which Blimp-1 modulates macrophage polarization through metabolic regulation, presenting potential therapeutic targets for sepsis. This study highlights the significance of Blimp-1 in orchestrating macrophage responses and metabolic adaptations in sepsis, offering valuable insights into its role as a critical regulator of immune and metabolic homeostasis.
Targeting mutant p53: Evaluation of novel anti-p53 R175H monoclonal antibodies as diagnostic tools
Authors: Spiegelberg Diana , Hwang Le-Ann , Pua Khian Hong , Kumar Sashwini Chandra , Koh Xin Yu , Koh Xiao Hui , Selvaraju Ram Kumar , Sabapathy Kanaga , Nestor Marika , Lane David P
Published: September 2024

About 50 % of all cancers carry a mutation in p53 that impairs its tumor suppressor function.
The p53 missense mutation p53R175H (p53R172H in mice) is a hotspot mutation in cancer and the germline of Li-Fraumeni syndrome patients. Therefore, monoclonal antibodies selectively targeting clinically relevant mutations like p53R175H could prove immensely value.
We aimed to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo binding properties of two novel anti-p53R175H monoclonal antibodies and to assess their performance as agents for molecular imaging.
In vitro, 125I-4H5 and 125I-7B9 demonstrated long shelf life and antigen-specific binding.
Our in vivo study design allowed head-to-head comparison of the antibodies in a double tumor model using repeated SPECT/CT imaging, followed by biodistribution and autoradiography. Both tracers performed similarly, with marginally faster blood clearance for 125I-7B9. Repeated molecular imaging demonstrated suitable imaging characteristics for both antibodies, with the best contrast images occurring at 48h post-injection. Significantly higher uptake was detected in the mut-p53-expressing tumors, confirmed by ex vivo autoradiography.
We conclude that molecular imaging with an anti-p53R175H tracer could be a promising approach for cancer diagnostics and could be further applied for patient stratification and treatment response monitoring of mutant p53-targeted therapeutics.