bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Casework and Strategic Therapy
Authors: Braverman Lois
Published: May 2018

Social workers who see themselves as strategic or structural family therapists too often disregard the conceptual contributions of early social casework. One explanation for this disregard may be found in the sexist structuring of the intellectual life of social workers.
Practice with the Frail Elderly in the Private Sector
Authors: Fauri David P. , Bradford Judith B.
Published: May 2018

Older people in need of care benefit by receiving help in ways that do not lessen their independence in their homes and their communities. There is an increasing opportunity for social work practitioners who are in private practice to provide such help.
Isolation to Intimacy: Incest Survivors in Group Therapy
Authors: Bergart Ann Melzer
Published: May 2018

Group therapy for incest survivors resolves shame and guilt and decreases isolation. This model for recruiting, screening, and treating survivors involves long-term, open-ended format that helps members with intimacy and separation issues. Training and supervision are crucial to handling countertransference.
Crisis Intervention and Support: Working with the Police
Authors: Fein Edith , Knaut Susan A.
Published: May 2018

Working with victims of violent crimes is an emerging field for mental health professionals. The gap between them and the police is being bridged, as is shown by this report of an agency project. The report includes evaluation findings and identifies issues that are involved.
Role Expectations and Attitudes in Dual-Earner Families
Authors: Smith Audrey D. , Reid William J.
Published: May 2018

Married women employed full time often experience role overload and role strain—a growing concern for social workers who work with women and families. Differences between husbands and wives in attitudes and expectations concerning family–work roles are compared, and the implications for social workers are discussed.
Does Client Social Class Affect Clinical Judgment?
Authors: Franklin Donna L.
Published: May 2018

Conceptual frameworks affect the selection and processing of information elicited from clients, which in turn influence the clinical judgments that guide intervention. This study explores the interaction between theoretical orientation and the clinical judgment process as affected by client social class.
Social Casework and the Multimodal Treatment of Incest
Authors: Taylor John W.
Published: May 2018

Many incest cases are being treated across the nation. This article describes social casework techniques used to treat incest perpetrators in a long-term treatment program. Treatment issues and goals and criteria for evaluation of treatment success are discussed.
Unplanned Pregnancy in Young Women: Managing Treatment
Authors: Barnett Peter , Balak Deborah W.
Published: May 2018

Although unplanned pregnancy in young adult women threatens the accomplishment of developmental tasks, therapy provides an opportunity for intervention into family systems with rigid boundaries and distant relationships. Methods for moving from symptom focus to system focus are discussed.
Social Work Assessment: Route to Clienthood—Part I
Authors: Specht Harry , Specht Riva
Published: May 2018

Applicants for social agency services should not be designated as “clients” before they have completed the psychosocial assessment process. In Part I of a two-part article, the authors discuss three of four decision points that occur during assessment. The authors offer alternative terms for the stages of the process.
The Emergent Nature of Ethnicity: Dilemmas in Assessment
Authors: Gelfand Donald E. , Fandetti Donald V.
Published: May 2018

Clinical use of a traditional culture paradigm for ethnic assessment is widespread. However, as interest in ethnicity has increased, investigators have been less able to document the emergent nature of ethnicity. The authors present a less static and more interactional approach toward assessment of ethnicity.
The Search in Adoption: A Service and a Process
Authors: Auth Patricia J. , Zaret Shirley
Published: May 2018

Search in adoption is an emotionally charged topic for all members of the adoption triad—the adoptee, the adoptive family, and the birth family. In this article, search is treated as a professional casework service. It is viewed as a developmental task and a possible growth experience.
Childhood Social Support Deficits of Alcoholic Women
Authors: Schilit Rebecca
Published: May 2018

Childhood social support deficits of alcoholic women were studied by comparing 301 alcoholic women with 137 nonalcoholic women. Alcoholic women reported feeling less comfortable with and experienced less support from both the family and peer group than did the control group.
Technologically Mediated Therapy: A Critique
Authors: Murphy John W. , Pardeck John T.
Published: May 2018

Computer technology is being introduced into social service programs to perform a variety of tasks, including therapy. Many practitioners question its effectiveness, primarily because technologically mediated therapy disregards the ways in which language defines persons’ lives and environment.
Framework for Comparing Approaches to Family Therapy
Authors: Sturkie Kinly
Published: May 2018

Family therapy methods and techniques are extremely diverse. This article presents a method for comparing the major forms of family intervention that are used by social work practitioners and describes the premises upon which they are based. The method was developed from a study of interventions used by 210 practitioners.
Dating Violence: A Research Review and Comparison with Spouse Abuse
Authors: Carlson Bonnie E.
Published: May 2018

As a result of recent professional concern with issues of family violence, a new type of interpersonal violence has been identified—dating violence or premarital abuse among high school and college students. This article reviews research on dating violence and compares the problem with spouse abuse.
Private Practice in Social Work: Readiness and Opportunity
Authors: Matorin Susan , Rosenberg Blanca , Levitt Marylin , Rosenblum Sylvia
Published: May 2018

Social workers are finding private practice an increasingly attractive career option for reasons of professional autonomy, client and treatment choices, and increased income. However, qualifications, supervision and consultation needs, and business procedures should be considered before entering private practice.
Group Treatment for Sexually Abused Girls
Authors: Gagliano Catherine K.
Published: May 2018

The emotional damage suffered by girls who were victims of family sexual abuse is discussed, and the method and scope of group treatment for these adolescents are outlined. Group treatment neutralizes victims’ excessive feelings of guilt and eliminates depression during adult years.
Initial Reactions of Sexually Abused Children
Authors: Elwell Mary Ellen , Ephross Paul H.
Published: May 2018

Twenty children younger than thirteen years old who were reported as sexual-abuse victims were studied to determine the relationship between the child's perception and cultural definition of the abuse and trauma. The interaction between these factors may produce a negative definition of the situation.
Social Work and the Psychiatric Nosology of Schizophrenia
Authors: Ivker Barry , Sze William C.
Published: May 2018

Psychiatrists in public health centers tend to diagnose, evaluate, and treat schizophrenia using a biomedical model. The authors discuss the inadequacy of such a model for the care of chronically mentally ill persons and suggest that attention should be paid to the client's environmental context.
Adoptions of Older Institutionalized Youth
Authors: Reid William J. , Kagan Richard M. , Kaminsky Alison , Helmer Katherine
Published: May 2018

Increasingly, adoption is used to provide homes for older institutionalized children with serious emotional and behavioral problems. This study examines the adoption experience from the viewpoint of the parents. The authors suggest that the notion of permanence may need to be rethought.
Expanding the Role Repertoire of Clinicians
Authors: Weissman Harold H. , Epstein Irwin E. , Savage Andrea
Published: May 2018

Social work practitioners must respond to many pressures that impinge upon them and their clinical practice in agencies. To be effective, they must develop a repertoire of skills and techniques. Ten supplementary roles that social work practitioners need to master are discussed.
Stagnation and Depression in the Elderly Group Client
Authors: Milinsky Tova S.
Published: May 2018

Stagnation and depression in the elderly may be a defensive posture in response to the individual's failure to synthesize the meaning of his or her existence, thus impeding attainment of the last stage in the epigenetic scale. The author describes a group treatment that counteracts defensive behavior.
Stress in the Workplace: A Framework for Research and Practice
Authors: Donovan Rebecca
Published: May 2018

The social work profession has not sufficiently addressed the connection between stressful work environments and the individual problems of workers. The author outlines a theoretical framework for work-related stress and suggests assessment tools for practice and research.
Black, Gay, Alcoholic Men: Their Character and Treatment
Authors: Icard Larry , Traunstein Donald M.
Published: May 2018

Race, sexual orientation, and alcoholism are three significant sociopsychological factors that must be considered when treating black, gay, alcoholic men. Social workers must be aware of how the client's community support systems contribute to or detract from recovery efforts.
Harvest of Despair: Using the ABCX Model for Farm Families in Crisis
Authors: Van Hook Mary P.
Published: May 2018

The current farm crisis is having a devastating impact on farmers, their families, and others who depend on the agricultural economy. The author uses the ABCX family-crisis model to identify needs and to design intervention strategies while long-term solutions to the crisis are developed.
Detecting Wife and Child Abuse in Clinical Settings
Authors: Brekke John S.
Published: May 2018

Victims and perpetrators of wife and child abuse are often not identified in treatment settings. The author offers strategies for detecting abuse in the clinical environment. Psychological and interactive indicators are emphasized, and the contexts of detection are discussed.
Observations of Simulated Data Accrual with Aged Clients
Authors: Prager Edward
Published: May 2018

The clinician must accrue, differentiate, and assimilate informational stimuli in order to render reliable judgments. The author describes a research study that uses a projective, analogue-type technique to determine what data Israeli social workers deemed necessary in their work with elderly clients.
Disability and Grief
Authors: Davis Barbara Hillyer
Published: May 2018

Stage theories of grief distort the grief experience of those who live with disabilities. Recurrent sorrow is complicated by social expectations of mourning and not mourning. Accessibility to grief and the development of community are described, and implications for social work are discussed.
Batterers’ Reports of Recidivism after Counseling
Authors: DeMaris Alfred , Jackson Jann K.
Published: May 2018

Former clients of a counseling program for spouse batterers were most likely to be recidivistic if they were living with their partners upon termination of counseling, if they had witnessed violence between their parents, or if they had problems with alcohol.
Developing Case Management as a Practice Model
Authors: Roberts-DeGennaro Maria
Published: May 2018

Case management integrates aspects of all the traditional methods of social work practice: casework, group work, and community organization. In order to implement a case-management practice model, substantial commitment from personnel at all organizational levels of social work practice is required.
Accounting for the Persistence of Teenage Pregnancy
Authors: Stafford Jim
Published: May 2018

Many theories have attempted to explain the phenomenon of teenage pregnancy and to suggest preventive approaches to the problem. The present article reviews these approaches, groups them into three categories, and suggests an alternative theory that combines various approaches.
Contracting with Clients in Methadone Treatment
Authors: Magura Stephen , Casriel Cathy , Goldsmith Douglas S. , Lipton Douglas S.
Published: May 2018

Behavioral contracting with methadone clients facilitated several kinds of useful behavior but not abstinence from illicit drugs. Reasons for success or failure of contracts are illustrated by case examples. Contracting can serve as a valuable adjunct to counseling for selected clients.
Aging and Dependence: Toward a Redefinition of Autonomy
Authors: Weinberg Joanna K.
Published: May 2018

The author describes the need to balance the elderly person's need for autonomy with the public policy mandate to provide care for dependent persons. The medical model of care is contrasted with the adversarial procedures of the legal system as it relates to the case of Claire Conroy.
Native American Suicide: A Durkheimian Analysis
Authors: Davenport Judith A. , Davenport Joseph
Published: May 2018

The professional literature and the authors’ practice experience are used to develop practice and policy recommendations with regard to suicide among Native Americans. Culture-sensitive psychological techniques should be applied together with community and social development.
Case Recording in Children's Protective Services
Authors: Streat Yuri Yamada
Published: May 2018

Case recording in Children's Protective Services (CPS) must meet many of the same recording criteria as are required in other types of social services. The author discusses factors that should be considered when designing a case recording system for a CPS agency, most of which apply to other agencies.
Personality Disturbances of Adult Incest Victims
Authors: Wheeler Barbara R. , Walton Elaine
Published: May 2018

Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory scores for adult female victims of childhood incest who sought therapy were significantly different from the scores of adult women who sought therapy but were not incest victims. Implications for treatment are discussed.
Alcohol Abuse and Culturally Marginal American Indians
Authors: Nofz Michael P.
Published: May 2018

A task-centered group approach for culturally marginal American Indians is proposed. The author emphasizes the structure of the group. Marginal cultural status of Indians, dominant American Indian values, and group-oriented tasks are discussed.
The Chronically Mentally III: A Practice Approach
Authors: Libassi Mary Frances
Published: May 2018

A conceptual framework for social work practice with chronically mentally ill clients is presented. This framework utilizes the ecological perspective, life model, and competence-oriented perspective for comprehensive assessment of problem situations with this client group.
Survival Issues Challenging Family Agencies
Authors: Blumenstein Henry
Published: May 2018

The author identifies and discusses five strategic concerns that affect the survival of family agencies: private practice, funding, staff–board relations, new services, and education and training of social workers. If challenges in these areas are not met, family agencies may become irrelevant.
Stress and Burnout in the Helping Professions
Authors: Ratliff Nancy
Published: May 2018

The author reviews the literature on stress and burnout among human service professionals. The article defines burnout, explores external and internal causes of burnout, and suggests prevention and coping techniques. Further research must be conducted on the techniques that prevent burnout.
The Mexico City Earthquake Disaster
Authors: Dufka Corinne L.
Published: May 2018

The author describes work with victims of the September 1985 earthquake disaster in Mexico City. Interviews with victims and families revealed that crisis-response patterns differed with respect to age and that past losses and preexisting psychosocial problems affected responses to the crisis.
Clinical Work with Suicidal Adolescents and Their Families
Authors: Hepworth Dean H. , Farley O. William , Griffiths J. Kent
Published: May 2018

The authors discuss psychosocial factors associated with three phases that lead to adolescent suicide attempts, assessment of risk, and treatment implications. Special focus is accorded to integrating individual treatment with family therapy or group therapy.
Five Morale-Enhancing Innovations for Human Services Settings
Authors: McNeely R. L.
Published: May 2018

Five innovative programs that have raised morale in various work settings are proposed as possible management responses to burnout among human services employees. The author discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these programs and offers recommendations, admonitions, and caveats.
Computerizing Central Intake: A Means toward Accountability
Authors: Cuvo Don , Hall Frank , Milder Gail R.
Published: May 2018

In family service agencies, particularly those with multiple locations, intake may be inefficient and impaired by inconsistent interpretations of agency policy. The authors describe how a large agency transformed its intake process using an existing computer system.
Effect of Early Childhood Sexual Abuse on Self and Ego Development
Authors: Kilgore Laurie C.
Published: May 2018

The literature on sexual abuse describes abuse characteristics or reports treatment strategies. The author integrates early childhood characteristics of sexual abuse with theories of self psychology and ego-development psychology in order to provide a theoretical framework for clinical practice.
Vibration and buckling analysis of a rotary functionally graded piezomagnetic nanoshell embedded in viscoelastic media
Authors: Shojaeefard Mohammad Hassan , Saeidi Googarchin Hamed , Mahinzare Mohammad , Adibi Morteza
Published: May 2018

This article investigates free vibration of a functionally graded piezomagnetic material cylindrical nanoshell embedded in viscoelastic media under rotational, external electric and magnetic loadings. The governing equations of the nanoshell are derived based on Eringen’s nonlocal theory. It is found that, magnetic and piezoelectric properties of the structure change exponentially along the thickness. The rotational loading is calculated considering initial hoop tension. The results are obtained by applying generalized differential quadrature method to the governing equations and associated boundary conditions. Results also include those achieved for clamped-clamped and simply hinged-hinged boundary conditions. It is found that free vibration characteristics of functionally graded piezomagnetic material cylindrical nanoshell are influenced by several factors including angular velocity, length scale parameter, external voltage, external amperage, functionally graded power index, and viscoelastic media parameters.
Mean GOSLON Yardstick Scores After 3 Different Treatment Protocols—A Long-term Study of Patients With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Peterson Petra , Mars Michael , Gowans Alan , Larson Ola , Neovius Erik , Henningsson Gunilla , Andlin-Sobocki Anna , Pegelow Marie , Lemberger Mathias , Raud-Westberg Liisi M. , Karsten Agneta L-A
Published: May 2018

Objectives:

(1) To evaluate dental arch relationships, with the Great Ormond Street, London and Oslo (GOSLON) Yardstick, of participants with Unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and treated with 1-stage palatal closure with 3 different surgical protocols (2) to compare the mean GOSLON ratings with other CLP centers.

Design:

Retrospective study of medical charts and dental models.

Setting:

Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Participants:

Eighty-seven patients with UCLP operated with 1-stage palatal repair. Thirty-five were operated with Veau-Wardill-Kilner (VWK) technique 1975 to 1986, 31 with minimal incision technique (MIT) from 1987 to 1997, and 21 according to MIT with muscle reconstruction (MITmr) 1998 to 2004.

Interventions:

Dental casts at ages 5 (n = 87), 7 to 8 (n = 27), 10 (n = 81), 16 (n = 61), and 19 (n = 35) years were rated by 10 assessors with the GOSLON Yardstick. Information of other interventions was retrieved from patients’ charts.

Main outcome measures:

Mean GOSLON ratings.

Results:

A total of 82% of the participants were rated as having excellent to satisfactory outcome. Weighted κ statistics for the 10 assessors was good for inter-rater agreement and good/very good for intra-rater agreement.

Conclusions:

The mean GOSLON score in the Stockholm overall material at age 10 was 2.67. The VWK technique resulted in a greater need of orthognathic surgery than the MIT ( P < .01). The MITmr did not produce better dental arch relationships than MIT at age 5 ( P < .05). The best dental arch relationships were found in the MIT group at 10 years, mean 2.58, which is not significantly different from other centers with excellent outcome except Gothenburg and Vienna.
Evaluation of Nasal Airway Volume of Operated Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients Compared With Skeletal Class III Individuals
Authors: Ertaş Ümit , Ataol Mert
Published: May 2018

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients have various problems with nasal anatomy beyond just oronasal separation. The alar base, concha, and septum are over impressed in these individuals. Additionally, skeletal class III deformity is seen. These conditions may limit nasal function. In our study, 15 unilateral patients with CLP older than 15 years (10 females, 5 males; mean age: 19.13) who had received surgery were included as the study group, and 15 participants with noncleft skeletal class III deformities were included as the control group (10 females, 5 males; mean age: 19.20). The individuals’ nasal airway volumes (total/cleft side/noncleft side/control/ nasal passages) were examined and compared statistically. The results showed that the study group had significantly higher values in terms of total airway volume ( P < .05). Additionally, there were significant differences between the cleft side and noncleft side volumes, between the cleft side volumes and the volumes of the control group participants, and between the noncleft side volumes and the volumes of the control group participants ( P < .05). There was no difference between the groups in terms of nasopharyngeal ( P = .39) and nasal passage volumes ( P = .73). The results show there are some problems regarding nasal airway volume in patients with CLP, even when lip, palate, and alveolar cleft operations have been performed. The aim of this study was to evaluate differentiation of nasal airway volumes between unilateral patients with CLP and individuals with noncleft skeletal class III serving as the control group.
Association Between DLX4 Polymorphisms and Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefts in a Chinese Han Population
Authors: He Miao , Bian Zhuan
Published: May 2018

Objective:

Distal-less 4 ( DLX4) was recently identified as the causative gene for a syndromic form of cleft lip with or without cleft palate, and further biological analyses have established the importance of Dlx4 gene in craniofacial development, which suggested DLX4 as a promising candidate to further investigate any possible association between DLX4 polymorphisms and risk to nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (NSOFCs).

Design:

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with minor allele frequency >5% in the Han Chinese population which locate in the 5′ flanking region, 5′/3′-untranslated region, or coding region with nonsynonymous changes in DLX4 were selected. Four SNPs (rs58769681, rs1058562, rs1058564, and rs8066341) were thus included in the following genotyping using the TaqMan 5′-exonuclease allelic discrimination assay in a case–control cohort with 1522 individuals.

Results:

None of SNPs were associated with NSOFCat the allele and genotype levels in general and stratified single-marker analysis, including genotypic distributions under different modes of inheritance. In linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis, we found strong LD ( r 2 > 0.8) between any 2 of the SNPs, respectively. Further haplotyping identified haplotypes C-C (formed by rs1058564 and rs1058562) and C-C-A (formed by rs1058564, rs1058562, and rs58769681) which reached the significance threshold ( P < .05); nevertheless, none of them survived the multiple comparison correction.

Conclusions:

Our findings indicated the hypothesis that DLX4 variants contributing to NSOFC risk should be interpreted with caution. Further replications in diverse ethnic origins and larger cohorts are still warranted.
Career Indecision Profile-65 Scores: Test–Retest Reliability and Measurement Equivalence in College and Noncollege Samples
Authors: Zobell Casey J. , Nauta Margaret M. , Hesson-McInnis Matthew S.
Published: May 2018

The Career Indecision Profile-65 (CIP-65) is a relatively new measure of career indecision that appears to have promise for use in career counseling and research. We sought to expand the information available to those evaluating the CIP-65 for potential use by assessing its measurement equivalence in college ( N = 529) and noncollege ( N = 472) samples and its scores’ test–retest reliability in a subset of the college–student sample ( n = 107). Six-week test–retest reliability coefficients ranged from .58 (interpersonal conflicts) to .85 (choice/commitment anxiety) for the subscale scores. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the CIP-65’s four-factor structure fit the data well in both the college and noncollege samples. The CIP-65 scores were configurally invariant in the two samples, but we did not find support for metric invariance. We offer explanations for these findings, discuss implications for practice, and present ideas for future research.
Investigation on the effect of coulomb friction on nose landing gear shimmy
Authors: Rahmani Mohsen , Behdinan Kamran
Published: May 2018

Landing gear shimmy remains a challenge in aircraft design despite abundant advances in aircraft engineering in the past few decades. Accurate shimmy prediction is closely tied to availability of dynamic models with all relevant types of motions and key nonlinear elements, a matter which has been accomplished in the present study through including rotational, lateral, longitudinal, and axial degrees of freedom and tire, shock absorber, and Coulomb friction nonlinearities. Using multi-body dynamic simulations, stability of the nose landing gear is studied as a function of key system parameters. Influences of nonlinearities are investigated in isolation, with a more in-depth look at the Coulomb friction effect, which is modeled as a function of the shock absorber stroke rate and rotational shimmy speed. It is found that Coulomb friction is a key factor in determining the onset and type of shimmy. The effect of friction parameters is then studied using nonlinear sensitivity analyses, and witnessed trends are utilized to draw design recommendations.
Skin and Eye Irritation Assessment of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Leaf Extract for Topical Application
Authors: Yusof Nor Zuliana , Abd Gani Siti Salwa , Azizul Hasan Zafarizal Aldrin , Idris Zainab
Published: May 2018

Many types of phytochemicals have been found to be present in oil palm leaf and could potentially be used as functional ingredients for skincare product. However, as of today, there is no published report on hazard identification and safety assessment of oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis) leaf extract (OPLE), particularly on skin and eye irritation. In this study, potential hazard of OPLE on skin and eye irritation was evaluated as an initial step to the safety assessment of OPLE. In vitro cell viability study of OPLE on normal human dermal fibroblasts showed that OPLE was nontoxic to the cells with percentage viability more than 90% after 24 and 48 hours of incubation. Skin irritation potential of OPLE was evaluated using in vitro SkinEthic reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) model (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD] Test Guideline 439, 2015), while eye irritation potential was evaluated using in vitro SkinEthic Human corneal epithelium (HCE) model (OECD test guideline 492, 2017). Hazard identification results showed that OPLE at 1%, 5%, and 10% (wt/wt) was classified as nonirritant to the skin and eye where mean tissue viabilities of SkinEthic RHE and SkinEthic HCE were more than 50% and 60%, respectively. Therefore, we recommend a further safety assessment, such as human patch testing, to confirm the nonirritant of OPLE.
Correlation-Based Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling: Effects of Parameter Covariance on Point and Interval Estimates
Authors: Cheung Shu Fai , Sun Rong Wei , Chan Darius K.-S.
Published: May 2018

More and more researchers use meta-analysis to conduct multivariate analysis to summarize previous findings. In the correlation-based meta-analytic structural equation modeling (cMASEM), the average sample correlation matrix is used to estimate the average population model. Using a simple mediation model, we illustrated that random effects covariation in population parameters can theoretically bias the path coefficient estimates and lead to nonnormal random effects distribution of the correlations. We developed an R function for researchers to examine by simulation the impact of random effects in other models. We then reanalyzed two real data sets and conducted a simulation study to examine the magnitude of the impact on realistic situations. Simulation results suggest parameter bias is typically negligible (less than .02), parameter bias and root mean square error do not differ across methods, 95% confident intervals are sometimes more accurate for the two-stage structural equation modeling approach with a diagonal random effects model, and power is sometimes higher for the traditional Viswesvaran-Ones approach. Given the increasing popularity of cMASEM in organizational research, these simulation results form the basis for us to make several recommendations on its application.
Mixed Method Evaluation: A Case Study
Authors: Waysman Mark , Savaya Riki
Published: May 2018

While there is growing interest in employing mixed methods in evaluation research, there are few documented examples describing how to implement this in practice. This article describes the use of a mixed method approach to evaluate a nonprofit agency that provides organizational consultation and other support services to nonprofit organizations in Israel. It uses conceptualizations proposed by Greene, Caracelli, and Graham (1989) and by Rossman and Wilson (1994) to discuss the unique benefits of such methodology and also addresses the limitations and disadvantages of mixed method evaluation.
Body mass index and in-hospital postoperative complications following primary total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Gurunathan Usha , Anderson Cameron , Berry Kate E , Whitehouse Sarah L , Crawford Ross W
Published: May 2018

Background:

The influence of obesity measured in terms of body mass index (BMI) on the complication rates following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a matter of debate.

Methods:

This retrospective study conducted at a tertiary referral centre at Brisbane, Australia, examines the association between BMI and in-hospital postoperative complications, length of operating time and duration of hospital stay in 964 patients, who underwent THA from 2006 to 2010.

Results:

Amongst patients undergoing primary THA, when compared to the normal weight patients, those with BMI between 25 kg/m2 and 29.9 kg/m2 (overweight) and those with BMI between 35 kg/m2 and 39.9 kg/m2 (obese class II) had lower odds of perioperative complications (odds ratio [OR]: 0.62 (95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.43–0.92, p = 0.016) and OR: 0.60 (95% CI, 0.36– 0.99, p = 0.047 respectively). Patients with BMI less than or equal to 40 kg/m2 were also associated with significantly lower odds of cardiac complications ( p = 0.02). With unadjusted regression analysis, it was noted that those with BMI ≥40 kg/m2 had the highest odds of developing infectious complications (OR 2.68, 95% CI, 1.08–6.65, p < 0.05). As the BMI increased, there was a statistically significant increase in length of operating time ( p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

There is a significant impact of BMI on the occurrence of perioperative complications following THA. Compared to normal weight category, the overweight and obese class II patients had a lower likelihood of developing overall, especially cardiac complications. Length of operating time increases along with an increase in BMI.
Cement mantle thickness does not influence serum or local gentamicin concentrations in hybrid total hip arthroplasty: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: van IJperen Willem , Van Quickenborne Damien , Buyl Ronald , Scheerlinck Thierry
Published: May 2018

Introduction:

We investigated the in vivo gentamicin elution kinetics of Hi-Fatigue Gentamicin Bone Cement (AAP Biomaterials GmbH) in serum and drain fluid after hybrid hip arthroplasty and the relationship with cement mantle thickness.

Methods:

We compared in a randomised, non-blinded prospective study, the local and systemic gentamicin concentrations in 2 groups. The thin cement mantle group ( n = 16) received a stem implanted line-to-line with the broach, whereas the thick group ( n = 14) had an undersized stem. Gentamicin concentrations were measured in drain fluid and serum at set intervals for 3 days postoperatively.

Results:

In both groups, local gentamicin concentrations were similar. After a high initial burst above the minimal inhibitory concentration (thin: 57.2 mg/L (SD 34.4), thick: 54.9 mg/L (SD 19.9), p = 0.823) local gentamicin concentrations declined rapidly. In both groups, serum concentrations never exceeded toxic levels (maximum 1.08 mg/L).

Conclusion:

In hybrid total hip arthroplasty, Hi-Fatigue Gentamicin Bone Cement resulted in effective and safe gentamicin concentrations. Clinical trial protocol number: PMCI 12/02.
aTRAM 2.0: An Improved, Flexible Locus Assembler for NGS Data
Authors: Allen Julie M , LaFrance Raphael , Folk Ryan A , Johnson Kevin P , Guralnick Robert P
Published: May 2018

Massive strides have been made in technologies for collecting genome-scale data. However, tools for efficiently and flexibly assembling raw outputs into downstream analytical workflows are still nascent. aTRAM 1.0 was designed to assemble any locus from genome sequencing data but was neither optimized for efficiency nor able to serve as a single toolkit for all assembly needs. We have completely re-implemented aTRAM and redesigned its structure for faster read retrieval while adding a number of key features to improve flexibility and functionality. The software can now (1) assemble single- or paired-end data, (2) utilize both read directions in the database, (3) use an additional de novo assembly module, and (4) leverage new built-in pipelines to automate common workflows in phylogenomics. Owing to reimplementation of databasing strategies, we demonstrate that aTRAM 2.0 is much faster across all applications compared to the previous version.
Diet-Induced Hyperinsulinemia as a Key Factor in the Etiology of Both Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Essential Hypertension?
Authors: Kopp Wolfgang
Published: May 2018

Benign prostatic hyperplasia and hypertension are common age-related comorbidities. Although the etiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is still largely unresolved and poorly understood, a significant age-independent association was found between BPH and hypertension, indicating a common pathophysiological factor for both diseases. It has previously been suggested that the development of essential hypertension may be related to diet-induced hyperinsulinemia. This study follows the question, whether BPH may develop due to the same mechanism, thereby explaining the well-known comorbidity of these 2 disorders. The scientific evidence presented shows that BPH and hypertension share the same pathophysiological changes, with hyperinsulinemia as the driving force. It further shows that significant dietary changes during human history cause disruption of a finely tuned metabolic balance that has evolved over millions of years of evolution: high-insulinemic food, typical of current “Western” diets, has the potential to cause hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, as well as an abnormally increased activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, alterations that play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of BPH and hypertension.
Weaving Through Weather on a Danish Caravan Site
Authors: Madzak Marie Vestergaard
Published: May 2018

The aim of this article is to study embodied experiences and negotiations with everyday weather on a Danish caravan site. I present a contrast to representations of certain types of weather as something you travel away from to seek out the sun. This is done by introducing a sensuous and embodied focus to mundane weather that is also encountered on holiday. Drawing on conceptions of embodiment, the everyday and sensuous, I argue that experiences of weather are relational and multisensuous. This article has three aims. First, to nuance discourses on weather by researching people’s embodied and sensuous negotiations of weather. Second, to broaden understandings of holiday weather beyond that of sunny destinations. And third, proposing the concept of “weathering” to inform the relatively neglected role of everyday weather in tourism research. In this article, my aim is to discuss forms of somatic, sensuous, everyday routines, and movements cultivated and performed with weather.
Adjusting after stroke: Changes in sense of purpose in life and the role of social support, relationship strain, and time
Authors: Lewis Nathan A , Brazeau Hannah , Hill Patrick L
Published: May 2018

It is unclear how the onset of a major health condition, such as a stroke, may impact sense of purpose long-term and whether social factors influence this change. We examined changes in purpose in 716 stroke patients ( Mage = 72.09 years, 52.5% female) who participated in the Health and Retirement Study between 2006 and 2014. Multilevel growth modeling indicated that recent stroke patients’ sense of purpose declined over time relative to pre-stroke purpose, whereas those suffering stroke prior to baseline demonstrated relative stability. Furthermore, social support was associated with initial levels but not change in sense of purpose.
Alcohol and type 2 diabetes: The role of socioeconomic, lifestyle and psychosocial factors
Authors: Agardh Emilie E. , Lundin Andreas , Lager Anton , Allebeck Peter , Koupil Ilona , Andreasson Sven , Östenson Claes-Göran , Danielsson Anna-Karin
Published: May 2018

Aims: We investigate (a) alcohol consumption in association with type 2 diabetes, taking heavy episodic drinking (HED), socioeconomic, health and lifestyle, and psychosocial factors into account, and (b) whether a seemingly protective effect of moderate alcohol consumption on type 2 diabetes persists when stratified by occupational position. Methods: This population-based longitudinal cohort study comprises 16,223 Swedes aged 18–84 years who answered questionnaires about lifestyle, including alcohol consumption in 2002, and who were followed-up for self-reported or register-based diabetes in 2003–2011. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated in a multivariable-adjusted logistic regression model for all participants and stratified by high and low occupational position. We adjusted for HED, socioeconomic (occupational position, cohabiting status and unemployment), health and lifestyle (body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, smoking, physical inactivity, poor general health, anxiety/depression and psychosocial (low job control and poor social support) characteristics one by one, and the sets of these factors. Results: Moderate consumption was inversely associated with type 2 diabetes after controlling for health and lifestyle (OR=0.47; 95% CI: 0.29–0.79) and psychosocial factors (OR=0.40; 95% CI: 0.22–0.79) when compared to non-drinkers. When adjusting for socioeconomic factors, there was still an inverse but non-significant association (OR=0.59; 95% CI: 0.35–1.00). In those with high occupational position, there was no significant association between moderate consumption and type 2 diabetes after adjusting for socioeconomic (OR=0.67; 95% CI: 0.3–1.52), health and lifestyle (OR=0.70; 95% CI: 0.32–1.5), and psychosocial factors (OR=0.75; 95% CI: 0.23–2.46). On the contrary, in those with low occupational position, ORs decreased from 0.55 (95% CI: 0.28-1.1) to 0.35 (95% CI: 0.15–0.82) when adjusting for psychosocial factors, a decrease that was solely due to low job control. HED did not influence any of these associations. Conclusions: Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, after adjusting for HED, health and lifestyle, and psychosocial characteristics. The association was inverse but non-significant after adjusting for socioeconomic factors. When stratified by occupational position, there was an inverse association only in those with low occupational position and after adjusting for low job control.
A new planar triangular element based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation
Authors: Lan Peng , Wang Tengfei , Yu Zuqing
Published: May 2018

In this paper, an improved three-node incomplete cubic planar triangular element is proposed based on the two recently reported absolute nodal coordinate formulation triangular elements. Compared with the existing absolute nodal coordinate formulation elements, a different set of polynomial basis is used to develop the new element using the method analogous to the one used in the conventional Zienkiewicz triangular element. Concise shape functions are obtained by employing both Cartesian and area coordinate sets and the concept of independent area gradient coordinate vector. From the view of the order of the polynomial basis, the criterion for developing incomplete cubic absolute nodal coordinate formulation triangular element that captures the quadratic accuracy is presented. Additionally, the algebraic constraint method used in developing the incomplete cubic triangular element is discussed. Based on the criterion, the proposed element is compared analytically with the previous incomplete cubic element. On the other hand, the proposed element is evaluated using both the static and dynamic numerical examples. The element successfully passes the patch test. The results obtained by the proposed element in this paper agree well with analytical solutions or those given by the full cubic element/general commercial finite element software. The higher accuracy, better convergence of the proposed element and the criterion are verified.
Standardization of the main dimensions of design ships for the Caspian Sea ports
Authors: Panahi Roozbeh , Taherkhani Amir , Radfar Soheil , Ghasemi Ali
Published: May 2018

Determination of the main dimensions of a nominated design ship is among the most important parameters when planning a port or performing port infrastructure detailed design. In this regard, port designers commonly use standards and handbooks. Inaccurate estimation of ship dimensions can increase the construction cost of a quay for the most-frequent ship of the area or decrease port efficiency. In some cases, main characteristics of the ship are affected by site-specific conditions. Owing to this fact, aforementioned general approach for all regions may not be accurate. In other words, a comprehensive statistical analysis on ship dimensions in such areas could be of great significance, to fill this knowledge gap. Caspian Sea, as the largest lake in the world, has such situation due to restrictions in its water connections as well as limited trade volume among its neighboring countries. So, in this research, a comprehensive statistical analysis has been conducted over a 17-year period data of Iranian port calls, to present more accurate and location-based formulae for general cargo carriers, bulk carriers and tankers at the region. Comparing the results of new formula with those suggested by well-known international guidelines clearly shows the importance of this study. In other words, there is a large difference between the length and the draft of typical ships in the Caspian Sea and those represented by generally accepted standards and handbooks.
Physician-Modified Thoracic Stent-Graft With Low Distal Radial Force to Prevent Distal Stent-Graft–Induced New Entry Tears in Patients With Genetic Aortic Syndromes and Aortic Dissection
Authors: Kölbel Tilo , Tsilimparis Nikolaos , Mani Kevin , Rohlffs Fiona , Wipper Sabine , Debus E. Sebastian , Kodolitsch Yskert von , Wanhainen Anders
Published: May 2018

Purpose: To describe a novel modification technique to lower the distal radial force of a thoracic stent-graft so as to avert stent-graft–induced new entry tears (SINE) in the fragile aorta of patients with genetic aortic disease and aortic dissection. Technique: A commercially available thoracic stent-graft is partially deployed on a back table. The most distal Z-stent is removed, the distal fabric is marked by vascular clips, and the modified stent-graft is reloaded and deployed in the true lumen of an aortic dissection. The technique is demonstrated in 3 patients with aortic dissection related to genetic aortic diseases. Conclusion: Creating a low distal radial force stent-graft is easy and can be done in a short time. Endovascular implantation appears feasible and safe.
Successful Treatment of an Infected Zenith Fenestrated Endograft Without Explantation
Authors: Wang S. Keisin , Fajardo Andres , Motaganahalli Raghu L. , Gupta Alok K.
Published: May 2018

Current surgical dogma for infected aortic endografts consists of complete explantation concurrent with revascularization via extra-anatomic bypass or in situ infection-resistant conduit. However, this treatment paradigm is associated with high rates of postoperative mortality and major morbidity. Therefore, patients with prohibitive operative risk are often not offered surgical intervention. In the following manuscript, we report the successful treatment of an 85-year-old gentleman with a fenestrated aortic endograft (Cook Medical, Bloomington, Indiana) infected secondary to the formation of an aortoenteric fistula with primary bowel repair, washout, and lifelong antibiotics and followed for nearly 2 years after intervention. Therefore, this nonexplantation approach can be considered for patients who may otherwise have no surgical recourse.
Perspective Transformation in the Supplemental Instruction (SI) Leader
Authors: Lozada Neva , Johnson Ane Turner
Published: May 2018

This qualitative case study explores how former Supplemental Instruction (SI) leaders experienced perspective transformation as a result of serving in a peer leadership role at a 4-year, private university through a blended theoretical framework based on the principles set forth by Mezirow and Nohl. Through their participation in interviews and graphic elicitations, former SI leaders offered valuable insights concerning the transformative nature of student leadership and its impact on the emerging sense of self in social and learning contexts. This study also assists in filling the void in research on how undergraduate students benefit by serving in a leadership role within a peer-facilitated academic assistance program in higher education.