bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human SARS-CoV-2 challenge uncovers local and systemic response dynamics
Authors: Lindeboom Rik G. H. , Worlock Kaylee B. , Dratva Lisa M. , Yoshida Masahiro , Scobie David , Wagstaffe Helen R. , Richardson Laura , Wilbrey-Clark Anna , Barnes Josephine L. , Kretschmer Lorenz , Polanski Krzysztof , Allen-Hyttinen Jessica , Mehta Puja , Sumanaweera Dinithi , Boccacino Jacqueline M. , Sungnak Waradon , Elmentaite Rasa , Huang Ni , Mamanova Lira , Kapuge Rakesh , Bolt Liam , Prigmore Elena , Killingley Ben , Kalinova Mariya , Mayer Maria , Boyers Alison , Mann Alex , Swadling Leo , Woodall Maximillian N. J. , Ellis Samuel , Smith Claire M. , Teixeira Vitor H. , Janes Sam M. , Chambers Rachel C. , Haniffa Muzlifah , Catchpole Andrew , Heyderman Robert , Noursadeghi Mahdad , Chain Benny , Mayer Andreas , Meyer Kerstin B. , Chiu Christopher , Nikolić Marko Z. , Teichmann Sarah A.
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic is an ongoing global health threat, yet our understanding of the dynamics of early cellular responses to this disease remains limited1. Here in our SARS-CoV-2 human challenge study, we used single-cell multi-omics profiling of nasopharyngeal swabs and blood to temporally resolve abortive, transient and sustained infections in seronegative individuals challenged with pre-Alpha SARS-CoV-2. Our analyses revealed rapid changes in cell-type proportions and dozens of highly dynamic cellular response states in epithelial and immune cells associated with specific time points and infection status. We observed that the interferon response in blood preceded the nasopharyngeal response. Moreover, nasopharyngeal immune infiltration occurred early in samples from individuals with only transient infection and later in samples from individuals with sustained infection. High expression of HLA-DQA2 before inoculation was associated with preventing sustained infection. Ciliated cells showed multiple immune responses and were most permissive for viral replication, whereas nasopharyngeal T cells and macrophages were infected non-productively. We resolved 54 T cell states, including acutely activated T cells that clonally expanded while carrying convergent SARS-CoV-2 motifs. Our new computational pipeline Cell2TCR identifies activated antigen-responding T cells based on a gene expression signature and clusters these into clonotype groups and motifs. Overall, our detailed time series data can serve as a Rosetta stone for epithelial and immune cell responses and reveals early dynamic responses associated with protection against infection.
Entrectinib in ROS1-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer: the phase 2/3 BFAST trial
Authors: Peters Solange , Gadgeel Shirish M. , Mok Tony , Nadal Ernest , Kilickap Saadettin , Swalduz Aurélie , Cadranel Jacques , Sugawara Shunichi , Chiu Chao-Hua , Yu Chong-Jen , Moskovitz Mor , Tanaka Tomohiro , Nersesian Rhea , Shagan Sarah M. , Maclennan Margaret , Mathisen Michael , Bhagawati-Prasad Vijay , Diarra Cheick , Assaf Zoe June , Archer Venice , Dziadziuszko Rafal
Published: June 2024

Although comprehensive biomarker testing is recommended for all patients with advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before initiation of first-line treatment, tissue availability can limit testing. Genomic testing in liquid biopsies can be utilized to overcome the inherent limitations of tissue sampling and identify the most appropriate biomarker-informed treatment option for patients. The Blood First Assay Screening Trial is a global, open-label, multicohort trial that evaluates the efficacy and safety of multiple therapies in patients with advanced/metastatic NSCLC and targetable alterations identified by liquid biopsy. We present data from Cohort D (ROS1-positive). Patients ≥18 years of age with stage IIIB/IV, ROS1-positive NSCLC detected by liquid biopsies received entrectinib 600 mg daily. At data cutoff (November 2021), 55 patients were enrolled and 54 had measurable disease. Cohort D met its primary endpoint: the confirmed objective response rate (ORR) by investigator was 81.5%, which was consistent with the ORR from the integrated analysis of entrectinib (investigator-assessed ORR, 73.4%; data cutoff May 2019, ≥12 months of follow-up). The safety profile of entrectinib was consistent with previous reports. These results demonstrate consistency with those from the integrated analysis of entrectinib in patients with ROS1-positive NSCLC identified by tissue-based testing, and support the clinical value of liquid biopsies to inform clinical decision-making. The integration of liquid biopsies into clinical practice provides patients with a less invasive diagnostic method than tissue-based testing and has faster turnaround times that may expedite the reaching of clinical decisions in the advanced/metastatic NSCLC setting. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03178552.
Stability assessment of selected chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) hybrids over the years through AMMI and GGE biplot in the mid hills of North-Western Himalayas
Authors: Kamal Shilpa , Rana Amit , Devi Rajni , Kumar Ravi , Yadav Niketa , Chaudhari Aniket Anant , Yadav Shimran , Singh Sanatsujat , Bhargava Bhavya , Singh Satbeer , Chauhan Ramesh , Kumar Ashok
Published: June 2024

Dendranthema grandiflora is an important cut flower with high economic importance in the floriculture industry. Identification of stable and high yielding genotypes of Dendranthema grandiflora, hence becomes paramount for ensuring its year-round production. In this context, the genotype by environment interaction effects on 22 chrysanthemum hybrids across six test environments were investigated. The experiment was conducted using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications for 6 years and data on various agro-morphological and yield-contributing traits were evaluated. Our analysis revealed significant mean sum of squares due to environmental, genotypic and genotype by environment interaction variations for all examined traits. A 2D GGE biplot constructed using first two principal components computed as 59.2% and 23.3% of the differences in genotype by environment interaction for flower yield per plant. The GGE biplot identified two top-performing genotypes, G2 and G5, while the AMMI model highlighted genotypes G17, G15, G6, G5, and G2 as the best performers. Genotype G17 ranked highest for multiple traits, while G2 displayed high mean flower yield as well as stability across all environments. According to AEC line, genotypes G2 and G5 exhibited exceptional stability, whereas genotypes G4, G18 and G19 demonstrated lower stability but maintained high average flower yields. Hence, our findings provide valuable insights into chrysanthemum hybrids that were not only best performing but also hold promise to meet the growers demand of the cut flower industry and can be recommended for large scale commercial cultivation.
High-proportions of tailwater discharge alter microbial community composition and assembly in receiving sediments
Authors: Zhou Yaqian , Cheng Li , Lian Ying , Feng Jiaying , Zhou Mengling , Jing Dan , Yin Weiwen , Wang Heli , Liu Lei
Published: June 2024

The tailwater from wastewater treatment plants serves as an important water resource in arid regions, alleviating the conflict between supply and demand. However, the effects of different tailwater discharge proportions on microbial community dynamics remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of different tailwater discharge proportions on the water quality and microbial community characteristics of sediments in receiving water bodies under controlled conditions (WF-1, WF-2, WF-3, WF-4, and WF-5, containing 0% tailwater + 100% natural water, 25% tailwater + 75% natural water, 50% tailwater + 50% natural water, 75% tailwater + 25% natural water, and 100% tailwater + 0% natural water, respectively). Microbial co-occurrence networks and structural equation model were used to unveil the relationship between microbial communities and their shaping factors. Results showed that distinct microbial community compositions were found in the sediments with low- (< 50%) and high- (> 50%) proportions of tailwater. Specifically, WCHB1-41 and g_4-29–1, which are involved in organic degradation-related functions, were the key genera in the high-proportion cluster. A total of 21 taxa were more abundant in the low-proportion (< 50%) cluster than that in high-proportion (> 50%). Moreover, higher modularity was observed in the low-proportion. Total phosphorus directly affected while ammonia nitrogen indirectly affected the microbial community structure. Our findings support the distinct heterogeneity of microbial communities driven by tailwater discharge in receiving water bodies, and further confirmed that high-proportion tailwater depletes sensitive microbial communities, which may be avoided through scientific management.
The brain of fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia shows signs of hypoxic injury with loss of progenitor cells, neurons, and oligodendrocytes
Authors: Biouss George , Antounians Lina , Aguet Julien , Kopcalic Katarina , Fakhari Nikan , Baranger Jerome , Mertens Luc , Villemain Olivier , Zani Augusto
Published: June 2024

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a birth defect characterized by incomplete closure of the diaphragm, herniation of abdominal organs into the chest, and compression of the lungs and the heart. Besides complications related to pulmonary hypoplasia, 1 in 4 survivors develop neurodevelopmental impairment, whose etiology remains unclear. Using a fetal rat model of CDH, we demonstrated that the compression exerted by herniated organs on the mediastinal structures results in decreased brain perfusion on ultrafast ultrasound, cerebral hypoxia with compensatory angiogenesis, mature neuron and oligodendrocyte loss, and activated microglia. In CDH fetuses, apoptosis was prominent in the subventricular and subgranular zones, areas that are key for neurogenesis. We validated these findings in the autopsy samples of four human fetuses with CDH compared to age- and sex-matched controls. This study reveals the molecular mechanisms and cellular changes that occur in the brain of fetuses with CDH and creates opportunities for therapeutic targets.
High capacity clinical SARS-CoV-2 molecular testing using combinatorial pooling
Authors: Zismanov Shosh , Shalem Bar , Margolin-Miller Yulia , Rosin-Grunewald Dalia , Adar Roy , Keren-Naus Ayelet , Amichay Doron , Ben-Dor Anat , Shemer-Avni Yonat , Porgador Angel , Shental Noam , Hertz Tomer
Published: June 2024

Background

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic led to unprecedented testing demands, causing major testing delays globally. One strategy used for increasing testing capacity was pooled-testing, using a two-stage technique first introduced during WWII. However, such traditional pooled testing was used in practice only when positivity rates were below 2%.

Methods

Here we report the development, validation and clinical application of P-BEST - a single-stage pooled-testing strategy that was approved for clinical use in Israel.

Results

P-BEST is clinically validated using 3636 side-by-side tests and is able to correctly detect all positive samples and accurately estimate their Ct value. Following regulatory approval by the Israeli Ministry of Health, P-BEST was used in 2021 to clinically test 837,138 samples using 270,095 PCR tests - a 3.1fold reduction in the number of tests. This period includes the Alpha and Delta waves, when positivity rates exceeded 10%, rendering traditional pooling non-practical. We also describe a tablet-based solution that allows performing manual single-stage pooling in settings where liquid dispensing robots are not available.

Conclusions

Our data provides a proof-of-concept for large-scale clinical implementation of single-stage pooled-testing for continuous surveillance of multiple pathogens with reduced test costs, and as an important tool for increasing testing efficiency during pandemic outbreaks.
Increased [18F]FDG uptake of radiation-induced giant cells: a single-cell study in lung cancer models
Authors: Das Neeladrisingha , Nguyen Hieu T. M. , Lu Wan-Jin , Natarajan Arutselvan , Khan Syamantak , Pratx Guillem
Published: June 2024

Positron emission tomography (PET), a cornerstone in cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring, relies on the enhanced uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) by cancer cells to highlight tumors and other malignancies. While instrumental in the clinical setting, the accuracy of [18F]FDG-PET is susceptible to metabolic changes introduced by radiation therapy. Specifically, radiation induces the formation of giant cells, whose metabolic characteristics and [18F]FDG uptake patterns are not fully understood. Through a novel single-cell gamma counting methodology, we characterized the [18F]FDG uptake of giant A549 and H1299 lung cancer cells that were induced by radiation, and found it to be considerably higher than that of their non-giant counterparts. This observation was further validated in tumor-bearing mice, which similarly demonstrated increased [18F]FDG uptake in radiation-induced giant cells. These findings underscore the metabolic implications of radiation-induced giant cells, as their enhanced [18F]FDG uptake could potentially obfuscate the interpretation of [18F]FDG-PET scans in patients who have recently undergone radiation therapy.
Mutation analysis in individual circulating tumor cells depicts intratumor heterogeneity in melanoma
Authors: Sementsov Mark , Ott Leonie , Kött Julian , Sartori Alexander , Lusque Amelie , Degenhardt Sarah , Segier Bertille , Heidrich Isabel , Volkmer Beate , Greinert Rüdiger , Mohr Peter , Simon Ronald , Stadler Julia-Christina , Irwin Darryl , Koch Claudia , Andreas Antje , Deitert Benjamin , Thewes Verena , Trumpp Andreas , Schneeweiss Andreas , Belloum Yassine , Peine Sven , Wikman Harriett , Riethdorf Sabine , Schneider Stefan W , Gebhardt Christoffer , Pantel Klaus , Keller Laura
Published: June 2024

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is the cornerstone of liquid biopsy diagnostics, revealing clinically relevant genomic aberrations from blood of cancer patients. Genomic analysis of single circulating tumor cells (CTCs) could provide additional insights into intra-patient heterogeneity, but it requires whole-genome amplification (WGA) of DNA, which might introduce bias. Here, we describe a novel approach based on mass spectrometry for mutation detection from individual CTCs not requiring WGA and complex bioinformatics pipelines. After establishment of our protocol on tumor cell line-derived single cells, it was validated on CTCs of 33 metastatic melanoma patients and the mutations were compared to those obtained from tumor tissue and ctDNA. Although concordance with tumor tissue was superior for ctDNA over CTC analysis, a larger number of mutations were found within CTCs compared to ctDNA (p = 0.039), including mutations in melanoma driver genes, or those associated with resistance to therapy or metastasis. Thus, our results demonstrate proof-of-principle data that CTC analysis can provide clinically relevant genomic information that is not redundant to tumor tissue or ctDNA analysis.
The development of catalysts and auxiliaries for the synthesis of covalent organic frameworks
Authors: Zhao Wei , Zhu Qiang , Wu Xiaofeng , Zhao Dan
Published: June 2024

Catalysts and auxiliaries play a pivotal role in forming COF materials and adjusting their properties. This review presents the state-of-the-art progress of catalysts and auxiliaries applied to the synthesis of COFs.
Renewable biomass-based aerogels: from structural design to functional regulation
Authors: Chen Linfeng , Yu Xiaoxiao , Gao Mengyue , Xu Chengjian , Zhang Junyan , Zhang Xinhai , Zhu Meifang , Cheng Yanhua
Published: June 2024

This review summarizes the design concepts, preparation process, regulation methods, synergistic effects of chemical compositions and microstructures, and the applications of biomass-based aerogels with different porous structures.
Cluster effect through the oligomerisation of bioactive disaccharide AMOR on pollen tube capacitation in Torenia fournieri
Authors: Mizukami Akane G. , Kusano Shuhei , Matsuura-Tokita Kumi , Hagihara Shinya , Higashiyama Tetsuya
Published: June 2024

The synthetic AMOR disaccharide (4-Me-GlcA-β(1,6)-Gal) exhibits higher biological activity as an oligomer compared to its monomer.
Influence of the substituents of the thiol ligand on the optical properties of AuCu14
Authors: Zhao Yu-Jing , Yang Jin-Sen , Li Jing , Si Yu-Bing , Xiao Lu-Yao , Wang Zhao-Yang , Hu Jia-Hua , Dong Xi-Yan , Zang Shuang-Quan
Published: June 2024

Relative to the AuCu14 cluster with an –F group, AuCu14 with a –C(CH3)3 group showed higher photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and slower internal conversion (IC) and intersystem crossing (ISC) rate.
Triflate anion chemistry for enhanced four-electron zinc–iodine aqueous batteries
Authors: Liu Tingting , Lei Chengjun , Wang Huijian , Yang Wei , He Xin , Liang Xiao
Published: June 2024

OTf− anions establish weak hydrogen-bonds with water to stabilize I+ species while optimizing a water-lean Zn2+ coordination structure to mitigate Zn dendrites and corrosion for developing advanced four-electron zinc–iodine aqueous batteries.
Insights into the mechanisms of plasma physicochemical characteristics on ultralong-lasting plasma-activated water: the influence of DC power polarity on RONS generation
Authors: Ran Congfu , Zhou Xiongfeng , Liu Kun
Published: June 2024

The physicochemical link to elaborate the RONS generation process and its role in ultralong-lasting PAW preparing at different power polarities was preliminarily elucidated in the present study.
Lightening flavin by amination for fluorescent sensing
Authors: Guo Huimin , Liu Siyu , Liu Xin , Zhang Lijun
Published: June 2024

Amination at C8 enhances the electronic coupling and weakens the vibronic coupling between S0 and S1, and enhances fluorescent emission drastically in 8AmFL to be ∼40 times that of FL.
Molecular dynamics in the gas phase
Authors: Zettergren Henning , Domaracka Alicja
Published: June 2024

This themed collection includes a collection of articles on molecular dynamics in the gas phase.
Revolutionizing electrochemical CO2 reduction to deeply reduced products on non-Cu-based electrocatalysts
Authors: Yu Haoming , Wu Hsiwen , Chow Yuen Leong , Wang Jun , Zhang Jie
Published: June 2024

Producing deeply reduced (>2 e− per carbon atom) products from the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction on non-Cu-based catalysts is an attractive and sustainable approach for CO2 utilization.
Temperature-induced mobility in octacalcium phosphate impacts crystal symmetry: water dynamics studied by NMR crystallography
Authors: Nelson Adam , Papawassiliou Wassilios , Paul Subhradip , Hediger Sabine , Hung Ivan , Gan Zhehong , Venkatesh Amrit , Franks W. Trent Trent , Smith Mark E. , Gajan David , De Paëpe Gaël , Bonhomme Christian , Laurencin Danielle , Gervais Christel
Published: June 2024

Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) exhibits water mobility, evidenced via variable-temperature NMR. Molecular-dynamics simulations then offer a new description of OCP symmetry.
Development of a simple and efficient two-step microwave-assisted digestion method for the determination of REEs, HFSEs and other elements in granite samples by ICP-OES
Authors: Krishnan Chandrasekaran , Krishna Mullapudi Venkata Balarama , Gumma Venkateswarlu , George Johnson , Sunilkumar Beena
Published: June 2024

An efficient two-step microwave-assisted digestion for the determination of REEs, HFSEs and other elements in granite samples by ICP-OES.
A water-soluble aza-adamantyl nitroxide radical and its complexes with β-cyclodextrin derivatives
Authors: Zhao Yani , Duan Ran , Guo Weijie , Lyu Lele , Liu Xiaoyu , Jiang Hua , Wang Ying
Published: June 2024

A water-soluble, stable aza-adamantyl nitroxide radical has been synthesized. Complexation with selected β-cyclodextrin derivatives increases its water-solubility and maintains well the stability of the radical.
Integrating three types of structure reinforcements abounding in heat-resistant explosives to construct a 3D solvent-free EMOF with superb stability
Authors: Hou Tianjiao , Leng Huiting , Chen Mengjia , Luo Jun , Zhang Chong , Zhang Yu , Yi Zhenxin , Zhang Shunlin , Shen Xuan
Published: June 2024

A 3D solvent-free energetic metal–organic framework (EMOF) [Cd(DAAT)]n with superb stability was prepared by integrating three types of structure reinforcements abounding in heat-resistant explosives.
Facile synthesis of O/N co-doped hierarchical porous carbon: for high performance supercapacitors and electromagnetic interference shielding
Authors: Dong Kaiming , Sun Zhenjie , Jing Ge , Wang Jiajun , Tang Biao , Zhao Nanjin , Kong Lingwei , Yan Weijie , Guo Feiqiang
Published: June 2024

Biomass can be used to prepare carbon materials with excellent pore structures and rich surface properties based on its chemical properties, and have great potential in electrochemical energy storage and electromagnetic interference shielding.
Emergence of graphene as a novel nanomaterial for cardiovascular applications
Authors: Memarian Paniz , Bagher Zohreh , Asghari Sheida , Aleemardani Mina , Seifalian Alexander
Published: June 2024

Techniques, characteristics, and uses of the graphene family have led to their emergence as a novel nanomaterial for cardiovascular applications.
Effective concentration ratio driven phase engineering of MBE-grown few-layer MoTe2
Authors: Bhatt Kamlesh , Kandar Santanu , Kumar Nand , Kapoor Ashok , Singh Rajendra
Published: June 2024

A versatile phase engineering of 2H and 1T′ phases of MoTe2 on sapphire, which can be achieved independently using any of the growth parameters.
Controlling nanoparticle placement in Au/TiO2 inverse opal photocatalysts
Authors: Bijl Marianne , Lim Kang Rui Garrick , Garg Sadhya , Nicolas Natalie J. , Visser Nienke L. , Aizenberg Michael , van der Hoeven Jessi E. S. , Aizenberg Joanna
Published: June 2024

Nanoparticle placement in gold-loaded titania (Au/TiO2) inverse opals impacts photocatalytic activity and stability.
Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles for annulation of C3-substituted nitroarenes and aryl isothiocyanates
Authors: Nguyen Phong D. , Chau Truong K. , Le Mai Q. , Nguyen Manh T. , Nguyen Anh T. , Nguyen Tung T.
Published: June 2024

The first use of nitroarenes for annulation with aryl isothiocyanates to afford 2-aminobenzothiazoles is reported. Reactions occurred in the presence of catalytic copper ferrite nanoparticles.
Applications of MXenes in hydrogen evolution/oxygen evolution and nitrogen reduction reactions
Authors: Tripathy Divya Bajpai
Published: June 2024

Extensive exploration has been conducted on MXenes to comprehend their inherent physical and chemical properties, leading to the discovery of their diverse functional applications across various domains.
3D non-local thermodynamic equilibrium magnesium abundances reveal a distinct halo population
Authors: Matsuno T. , Amarsi A. M. , Carlos M. , Nissen P. E.
Published: June 2024

Magnesium is one of the most important elements in stellar physics as an electron donor; in Galactic archaeology, magnesium serves to distinguish different stellar populations. However, previous studies of Mg I and Mg II lines in metal-poor benchmark stars indicate that magnesium abundances inferred from one-dimensional (1D), hydrostatic models of stellar atmospheres, both with and without the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) approximation, can be problematic. Here, we present three-dimensional (3D) non-LTE calculations for magnesium in FG-type dwarfs and provide corrections for 1D-LTE abundances. 3D non-LTE corrections reduce the ionisation imbalances in the benchmark metal-poor stars HD84937 and HD140283 from −0.16 dex and −0.27 dex in 1D LTE to just −0.02 dex and −0.09 dex, respectively. We applied our abundance corrections to 1D LTE literature results for stars in the thin disc, thick disc, α-rich halo, and α-poor halo. We observed that 3D non-LTE results had a richer substructure in [Mg/Fe] − [Fe/H] in the α-poor halo, revealing two sub-populations at the metal-rich end. These two sub-populations also differ in kinematics, supporting the astro-physical origin of the separation. While the more magnesium-poor sub-population is likely to be debris from a massive accreted galaxy, Gaia-Enceladus, the other sub-population may be related to a previously identified group of stars, called Eos. The additional separation in [Mg/Fe] suggests that previous Mg abundance measurements may have been imprecise due to the 1D and LTE approximations, highlighting the importance of 3D non-LTE modelling.
Flux dependence of redshift distribution and clustering of LOFAR radio sources
Authors: Bhardwaj Nitesh , Schwarz Dominik J. , Hale Catherine L. , Duncan Kenneth J. , Camera Stefano , Heneka Caroline S. , Nakoneczny Szymon J. , Röttgering Huub J. A. , Siewert Thilo M. , Tiwari Prabhakar , Zheng Jinglan , Miley George , Tasse Cyril
Published: June 2024

Context. We study the flux density dependence of the redshift distribution of low-frequency radio sources observed in the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) deep fields and apply it to estimate the clustering length of the large-scale structure of the Universe, examining flux density limited samples (1 mJy, 2 mJy, 4 mJy and 8 mJy) of LoTSS wide field radio sources.

Methods. We utilise and combine the posterior probability distributions of photometric redshift determinations for LoTSS deep field observations from three different fields (Boötes, Lockman hole and ELAIS-N1, together about 26 square degrees of sky), which are available for between 91% to 96% of all sources above the studied flux density thresholds and observed in the area covered by multi-frequency data. We estimate uncertainties by a bootstrap method. We apply the inferred redshift distribution on the LoTSS wide area radio sources from the HETDEX field (LoTSS-DR1; about 424 square degrees) and make use of the Limber approximation and a power-law model of three dimensional clustering to measure the clustering length, r0, for various models of the evolution of clustering.

Results. We find that the redshift distributions from all three LoTSS deep fields agree within expected uncertainties. We show that the radio source population probed by LoTSS at flux densities above 1 mJy has a median redshift of at least 0.9. At 2 mJy, we measure the clustering length of LoTSS radio sources to be r0 = (10.1 ± 2.6) h−1 Mpc in the context of the comoving clustering model.

Conclusions. Our findings are in agreement with measurements at higher flux density thresholds at the same frequency and with measurements at higher frequencies in the context of the comoving clustering model. Based on the inferred flux density limited redshift distribution of LoTSS deep field radio sources, the full wide area LoTSS will eventually cover an effective (source weighted) comoving volume of about 10 h−3 Gpc3.
TOI-837 b: Characterisation, formation, and evolutionary history of an infant warm Saturn-mass planet
Authors: Damasso M. , Polychroni D. , Locci D. , Turrini D. , Maggio A. , Cubillos P. E. , Baratella M. , Biazzo K. , Benatti S. , Mantovan G. , Nardiello D. , Desidera S. , Bonomo A. S. , Pinamonti M. , Malavolta L. , Marzari F. , Sozzetti A. , Spinelli R.
Published: June 2024

Context. The detection and characterisation of planets younger than ~100 Myr offer the opportunity to get snapshots of systems immediately after their formation, where the main evolutionary processes that sculpt mature planetary systems are still ongoing. Known infant exoplanets are currently scarce, and dedicated surveys are required to increase their number.

Aims. We aim to determine the fundamental properties of the ~35 Myr old star TOI-837 and its close-in Saturn-sized planet, and to investigate the system’s formation and evolutionary history.

Methods. We analysed TESS photometry and HARPS spectroscopic data, measured stellar and planetary parameters, and characterised the stellar activity. We performed population synthesis simulations to track the formation history of TOI-837 b, and to reconstruct its possible internal structure. We investigated the planetary atmospheric evolution through photo-evaporation, and quantified the prospects for atmospheric characterisation with JWST.

Results. TOI-837 b has similar radius, mass, and bulk density to those of Saturn (rb=9.71−0.60+0.93 R⊕, mb=116−18+17 M⊕, and ρb=0.68−0.18+0.20 g cm−3) and is on a primordial circular orbit. Population synthesis and early migration simulations suggest that the planet could have originally formed between 2 and 4 au, and have either a large and massive core, or a smaller Saturn-like core, depending on the opacity of the protoplanetary gas and on the growth rate of the core. We find that photo-evaporation produced negligible effects even at early ages (3–10 Myr). Transmission spectroscopy with JWST is very promising, and is expected to provide constraints on atmospheric metallicity and the abundances of H2O, CO2, and CH4 molecules, and to probe the presence of refractory elements.

Conclusions. TOI-837 offers valuable prospects for follow-up observations, which are needed for a thorough characterisation. JWST will help to better constrain the formation and evolution history of the system, and to clarify whether or not TOI-837 b is a Saturn-analogue.
Uveitis bei juveniler idiopathischer Arthritis
Authors: Heiligenhaus Arnd , Baquet-Walscheid Karoline , Tappeiner Christoph
Published: June 2024

Darstellung der aktualisierten deutschsprachigen interdisziplinären Leitlinie zur Diagnostik und Therapie der juvenilen idiopathischen Arthritis (JIA)-assoziierten Uveitis. Nach JIA-Erstdiagnose sollten zeitnah regelmäßige augenärztliche Kontrollen erfolgen mit dem Ziel, die Uveitis vor Manifestation irreversibler Folgeschäden zu diagnostizieren. Zur antientzündlichen Therapie finden aktuell Kortikosteroide, konventionell synthetische (cs), biologische (b) und andere Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARD) Verwendung. Eine enge Kooperation durch einen mit der JIA-assoziierten Uveitis und ihrer Behandlung erfahrenen Augenarzt und einen Kinder- und Jugendrheumatologen sollte gewährleistet werden. Frühzeitige Diagnose und aktuelle leitliniengerechte Therapie können die Langzeitprognose der JIA-assoziierten Uveitis wesentlich verbessern. Ausgewählte Kasuistiken illustrieren das therapeutische Management bei therapierefraktärem Krankheitsverlauf.
Kommunikation
Authors: Kerlen-Petri Katharina
Published: June 2024

Ein wichtiger Teil der Hebammenarbeit

Ein wichtiger Teil der Hebammenarbeit
„Man kann nicht nicht kommunizieren“ – dieser Satz des Philosophen und Psychotherapeuten Paul Watzlawick
ist Ihnen sicher schon begegnet. Er leuchtet ein und doch fällt es uns schwer – im Beruflichen wie
im Privaten – uns so auszudrücken, dass wir verstanden werden. Die vielen Aspekte der Kommunikation
machen sich oft in Missverständnissen bemerkbar.
Dabei ist das Miteinandersprechen erlernbar – aber nehmen wir uns die Zeit dafür?
Kommunikation und Sprache im Wochenbett – Schlüsselrolle für eine
gesunde Eltern-Kind-Beziehung
Authors: Derksen Bärbel
Published: June 2024

Die Zeit nach der Geburt ist eine entscheidende Phase, in der sich die
Eltern-Kind-Beziehung intensiv entwickelt. Kommunikation und Sprache spielen
hierbei eine zentrale Rolle. In diesem Artikel werden die Bedeutung der verbalen
und nonverbalen Interaktion zwischen Eltern und ihren Babys im Wochenbett und
die damit verbundene frühe Unterstützung durch Hebammen hervorgehoben.
Kommunikation und Macht – eine Untersuchung zu Rassismus in der
Hebammenarbeit
Authors: Keil-Reppmann Lisa
Published: June 2024

Im Rahmen von Kommunikation wird Rassismus besonders deutlich. Daher kann sie als
ein Indikator für die Manifestierung rassistischer Diskurse und für die
Erforschung rassistischer Einstellungen dienen. Bisher wurde kaum untersucht,
wie präsent rassistische Kommunikation in der Geburtshilfe ist. Dieser Artikel
stellt in Auszügen die Ergebnisse von Expert*innen-Interviews mit Hebammen vor,
die zu beobachteten Rassismen im Kontext ihres professionellen Handelns befragt
wurden.
Herausforderungen aufgrund der Wandelbarkeit von Todeswunsch und Lebenswille – ein Case Report aus der spezialisierten Palliativversorgung
Authors: Benze Gesine , Schulte Erika , Wulf Gerald , Nauck Friedemann , Zilles-Wegner David , Bell John Alexander , Guhlich Manuel , Brökers Nils , Simon Alfred , Lipp Volker
Published: June 2024

Hintergrund Die Selbstbestimmung im Leben und Sterben ist Ausdruck der Autonomie des Menschen. Der Wunsch nach Sterbehilfe kann Ausdruck der Selbstbestimmung sein. Die Überlegungen, die einen Menschen dazu bringen, diesen spezifischen Wunsch zu äußern, können jedoch auf Umständen oder Gründen beruhen, die veränderbar sind.

Fallbericht Ein 36-jähriger Patient befand sich nach mehreren Systemtherapien einschließlich zweimaliger Stammzelltransplantation bei akuter myeloischer Leukämie in einer erneuten Therapie bei zerebralem Rezidiv mit progredienten neurologischen Symptomen. In dieser Situation äußerte der Patient den Wunsch nach Tötung auf Verlangen oder assistiertem Suizid. Der Patient und seine Familie baten das Team der Palliativmedizin um Unterstützung. Der Todeswunsch wurde ernst genommen und war Gegenstand zahlreicher Gespräche. Nach einer multimodalen Behandlung einer agitierten Depression wandelte sich der Todeswunsch des Patienten und wich einem erneuten Lebenswillen. Es konnte in der Folge die kausale orientierte Tumortherapie fortgeführt werden. Hierunter zeigten sich die neurologischen Symptome rückläufig und es kam zu einer Remission, die über 1,5 Jahre lang anhielt.

Schlussfolgerungen Die Autonomie von Patient*innen ist zu respektieren. Wünsche von Patient*innen bedürfen daher einer hohen Wertschätzung. Es bleibt im Hinblick auf die Durchführung medizinischer Maßnahmen jedoch ärztliche Verantwortung abzuschätzen, inwieweit der von Patient*innen geäußerte Wunsch Folge der ihn formenden Umstände ist und inwieweit diese Umstände zum Besseren änderbar sind. Gerade in Bezug auf einen Wunsch nach Therapiebegrenzung oder vorzeitigem Lebensende durch assistierten Suizid ist neben der Freiverantwortlichkeit auch die Frage nach der Nachhaltigkeit eines solchen Wunsches besonders entscheidend für weitergehende Entscheidungen und Handlungen.
Management of Refractory Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: What
Role Should Psychiatrists Have?
Authors: Khosravi Mohsen , Alzahrani Abdullah A. , Muhammed Thikra M. , Hjazi Ahmed , Abbas Huda H. , AbdRabou Mervat A. , Mohmmed Karrar H. , Ghildiyal Pallavi , Yumashev Alexey , Elawady Ahmed , Sarabandi Sahel
Published: June 2024

Currently, it has been stated that psychiatric and psychological problems are
equally paramount aspects of the clinical modulation and manifestation of both
the central nervous and digestive systems, which could be used to restore
balance. The present narrative review aims to provide an elaborate description
of the bio-psycho-social facets of refractory functional gastrointestinal
disorders, psychiatrists’ role, specific psychiatric approach, and the latest
psychiatric and psychological perspectives on practical therapeutic management.
In this respect, “psyche,” “psychiatry,” “psychology,” “psychiatrist,”
“psychotropic,” and “refractory functional gastrointestinal disorders” (as the
keywords) were searched in relevant English publications from January 1, 1950,
to March 1, 2024, in the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane
Library, and Google Scholar databases. Eventually, the narrative technique was
adopted to reach a compelling story with a high level of cohesion through
material synthesis. The current literature recognizes the brain-gut axis
modulation as a therapeutic target for refractory functional gastrointestinal
disorders and the bio-psycho-social model as an integrated framework to explain
disease pathogenesis. The results also reveal some evidence to affirm the
benefits of psychotropic medications and psychological therapies in refractory
functional gastrointestinal disorders, even when psychiatric symptoms were
absent. It seems that psychiatrists are required to pay higher levels of
attention to both the assessment and treatment of patients with refractory
functional gastrointestinal disorders, accompanied by educating and training
practitioners who take care of these patients.
SALUS—A Study on Self-Tonometry for Glaucoma Patients: Design and Implementation of the Electronic Case File
Authors: Geisler Sandra , Oldiges Kristina , Hamiti Florim , Storp Jens J. , Masud M.A. , Zimmermann Julian A. , Kreutter Stefan , Eter Nicole , Berlage Thomas
Published: June 2024

Background In times of omnipresent digitization and big data, telemedicine and electronic case files (ECFs) are gaining ground for networking between players in the health care sector. In the context of the SALUS study, this approach is applied in practice in the form of electronic platforms to display and process disease-relevant data of glaucoma patients.

Objectives The SALUS ECF is designed and implemented to support data acquisition and presentation, monitoring, and outcome control for patients suffering from glaucoma in a clinical setting. Its main aim is to provide a means for out- and inpatient exchange of information between various stakeholders with an intuitive user interface in ophthalmologic care. Instrument data, anamnestic data, and diagnostic assessments need to be accessible and historic data stored for patient monitoring. Quality control of the data is ensured by a reading center.

Methods Based on an intensive requirement analysis, we implemented the ECF as a web-based application in React with a Datomic back-end exposing REST and GraphQL APIs for data access and import. A flexible role management was developed, which addresses the various tasks of multiple stakeholders in the SALUS study. Data security is ensured by a comprehensive encryption concept. We evaluated the usability and efficiency of the ECF by measuring the durations medical doctors need to enter and work with the data.

Results The evaluation showed that the ECF is time-saving in comparison to paper-based assessments and offers supportive monitoring and outcome control for numerical and imaging-related data. By allowing patients and physicians to access the digital ECF, data connectivity as well as patient autonomy were enhanced.

Conclusion ECFs have a great potential to efficiently support all patients and stakeholders involved in the care of glaucoma patients. They benefit from the efficient management and view of the data tailored to their specific role.
The Effect of Gracilis Tendon Preservation on Postoperative Knee Joint Stability and Muscle Strength in Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery
Authors: Ekinci Mehmet , Demir Taha Bedir , Sahinkaya Turker , Yakal Sertac , Polat Gokhan , Bayraktar Bulent
Published: June 2024

The aim of our study is to evaluate preserving gracilis tendon in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) surgery and its effect to the flexion of the knee joint and tibial internal rotation strength and the stability of the knee. Patients who underwent primary single-bundle arthroscopic ACLR using all-inside technique and using hamstring tendon autograft were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups as gracilis preserved (St) and gracilis harvested (StG) groups. The International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Lysholm, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score—Knee-related quality of life (KOOS-QOL) score, ACL-Return to Sport after Injury scale score were used to evaluate as postoperative functional scores at last follow-up. Anterior tibial translation was evaluated using the KT-1000 device. Knee joint flexion, extension, and internal rotation strength were evaluated using isokinetic dynamometer. Dynamic balance performances were measured using the Biodex Balance System. There were 24 patients in the St group and 23 patients in the StG group. Demographic data and clinical results showed no significant difference. Anteroposterior movement of the tibia was found to be significantly higher in the StG group than in the St group in measurements at 89 and 134 N, respectively (p = 0.01 and <0.001). No statistically significant difference was found between both standard and deep flexor and extensor and internal rotator strength. No statistically significant difference was found in the amount of total, anteroposterior, and mediolateral balance deficit between the two groups. Additional gracilis harvesting does not have a negative effect on both standard and deep knee flexion, and tibial internal rotation strength compared with the St group. Although semitendinosus and StG group showed significantly more anterior tibial translation, there was no significant difference in clinical and dynamic stability measurements.
Praising pop emotions: media emotions serving social interests
Authors: Almeida Abílio
Published: June 2024

This study focuses on analysing the relationship between the media, emotions and popular culture, with particular emphasis on daytime talk shows on generalist television in Portugal. Considering that the content of these programmes not only reflects but also influences popular culture, we analysed 60 complete episodes, approximately 120 h of audiovisual material. Despite their popular rhetoric, fuelled by highly emotive language, these programmes were also able to dilute specialised content with extreme regularity, from professionals such as doctors, psychologists, lawyers and others, on topics ranging from healthy eating to financial literacy. In addition, the study shows that most of the emotionally exaggerated responses from participants were driven by noble motivations around ideas of equality and social justice, such as combating the exclusion of minorities, as well as rejecting toxic masculinity and domestic violence. Contrary to the historical suspicions associated with these talk shows, this qualitative and exploratory study shows that emotional responses in the context of popular media programmes can sometimes contribute to the dissemination and consumption of relevant information focused on individual well-being and the consolidation of some basic principles of living in society and democracy.
What factors influence the intention to adopt blockchain technology in accounting education?
Authors: Al-Hattami Hamood Mohammed
Published: June 2024

This study examines the critical factors driving the adoption and integration of blockchain technology in accounting education. Employing a moderated model based on the technology acceptance model (TAM), the study investigates what motivates faculty members to adopt and integrate blockchain. Organizational support serves as a key moderating factor in this study. The study employed a quantitative approach, analyzing data from 191 faculty members at Indian universities and colleges using SmartPLS 4 software. The findings emphasize the significance of organizational support in shaping behavioral intentions, with notable effects on perceived usefulness and attitudes toward blockchain adoption. Additionally, perceived ease of use indirectly affects behavioral intentions through its impact on perceived usefulness and attitude. The moderated model explained 64% of the variance in behavioral intentions toward blockchain integration in accounting education. These results offer valuable implications for educational policy, not only in India but also in similar developing nations. By comprehending the relationship between organizational support and faculty members’ perceptions, policymakers can formulate strategies to effectively integrate blockchain technology into accounting education, encouraging innovation in university practices for the digital era.
Future fire events are likely to be worse than climate projections indicate – these are some of the reasons why
Authors: Peace Mika , McCaw Lachlan
Published: June 2024

Background Climate projections signal longer fire seasons and an increase in the number of dangerous fire weather days for much of the world including Australia. Aims Here we argue that heatwaves, dynamic fire–atmosphere interactions and increased fuel availability caused by drought will amplify potential fire behaviour well beyond projections based on calculations of afternoon forest fire danger derived from climate models. Methods We review meteorological dynamics contributing to enhanced fire behaviour during heatwaves, drawing on examples of dynamical processes driving fire behaviour during the Australian Black Summer bushfires of 2019–20. Results Key dynamical processes identified include: nocturnal low-level jets, deep, unstable planetary boundary layers and fire–atmosphere coupling. Conclusions The future scenario we contend is long windows of multi-day fire events where overnight suppression is less effective and fire perimeters will expand continuously and aggressively over multiple days and nights. Implications Greater overnight fire activity and multi-day events present strategic and tactical challenges for fire management agencies including having to expand resourcing for overnight work, manage personnel fatigue and revise training to identify conditions conducive to unusually active fire behaviour overnight. Effective messaging will be critical to minimise accidental fire ignition during heatwaves and to alert the community to the changing fire environment
Transhumanism and One Health
Authors: Zinsstag Jakob , Grolimund Andrea Kaiser , Tulay Engin , Bernhardt Reinhold
Published: June 2024

In this article, we draw on an interdisciplinary seminar at the University of Basel in the spring semester 2023. The seminar firstly discussed technical transhumanism between improving human lives through technological innovation and breathtaking advances in artificial intelligence (AI). Secondly, integrative approaches to health such as One Health have a transhumanist dimension, meaning that the interaction of human and animal health contributes to human health and development. As technological and biological dimensions of transhumanism raise philosophical, anthropological and ethical questions, we ask what is specifically human and what kind of future human-technology interactions is societally acceptable. With the rapid recent development of AI, questions arise about algorithms taking over human intellectual functions. Transhumanism can be described as a current of a posthumanist turn that generally asks where the limits of the human body and also of human existence lie. From an anthropological point of view a controversial discussion is held ‘beyond the human’ about blurring of the boundaries between humans, animals and nature. The One Health approach demands that animals should not suffer in place of humans and that the health of humans, animals, plants and the environment must be promoted simultaneously. This places the One Health approach in a tension and dilemma between conflicting ethical and purely human demands for the protection and welfare of animals, as well as the legitimate demands for animal food and sheer survival in many areas of the world. A biological transhumanism certainly has less of a claim to surpass specifically human performance and thus stands less or not at all in the more gnostic technological current of technical transhumanism, which replaces human labour and suddenly achieves the ability to turn against humans.

One Health impact statement

Integrative approaches to health such as One Health have a transhumanist dimension, meaning that the interaction of human and animal health contributes to human health and development. The One Health approach demands that animals should not suffer in place of humans and that the health of humans, animals, plants and the environment must be promoted simultaneously. This places the One Health approach in a tension and dilemma between conflicting ethical and purely human demands for the protection and welfare of animals, as well as the legitimate demands for animal food and sheer survival in many areas of the world. Because of the high variability of the culturally-religiously shaped human-animal-environment relationship, such a transdisciplinary, participatory consensus would need to be contextually adapted, that is, to geographically, culturally-religiously distinct situations.Keywords: Transhumanism, Technical, Biological, One Health, Anthropology, Ontology, Ethics