bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermal and Metallurgical Basics of Design of High-Strength Steels
Authors: Kobasko N. I.
Published: February 2024

The objective of heat treatment of metals is the creation of high-strength materials by heating and quenching. It is often recommended that alloy and high-alloy steels should be through-hardened in petroleum oils or high concentrations of aqueous polymer solutions and plain carbon, and that low-alloy steels should be quenched in water. Petroleum oils are used to reduce quench cracking and distortion of steel parts during the through-hardening process. For this reason, slow cooling is used, and expensive alloy elements provide through-hardening. Oil quenching is most often performed at low to moderate temperatures with generally acceptable thermal gradients in the cross-sections of steel parts.
Transient Nucleate Boiling and Self-Regulated Thermal Processes
Authors: Kobasko N. I.
Published: February 2024

The investigation of transient nucleate boiling is of great importance since knowledge of the laws of nucleate boiling processes are used to control phase transformations in metals. It is especially related to martensite transformations where the martensite start temperature MS is comparable to the boiling temperature of the boundary liquid layer. Since the self-regulated thermal process has been introduced, which is the main part of transient nucleate boiling where wall temperature changes very slowly and is supported at approximately the same level up to the start single-phase convection, it makes sense to use this discovery to control phase transformation in steel. It is necessary to develop a generalized equation for determination of the duration of transient nucleate boiling process.
Convective Heat Transfer
Authors: Kobasko N. I.
Published: February 2024

The basic concepts of heat transfer are discussed in detail in other texts on the subject, such as [1]. In this chapter, information on convective heat transfer will be provided to illustrate how convection can be used to intensify quenching processes, especially the widely used water flow and water jets.
Stress State of Steel Parts during Intensive Quenching
Authors: Kobasko N. I.
Published: February 2024

It is important to study the effect of cooling during quenching on the magnitude and distribution of residual stresses that remain in parts after their complete cooling, because the service life of machine parts depends on mechanical properties of the material as well as residual stresses. Tensile stresses at the surface of a hardened part reduce its service life, while compressive stresses increase the service life. Furthermore, tensile stresses produce a greater propensity for quench crack formation.
The Steel Superstrengthening Phenomenon
Authors: Kobasko N. I.
Published: February 2024

The conventional method for improvement of mechanical properties of materials requires the use of alloying elements, which significantly increases their cost. Alloy steels usually are quenched in oils or polymers of high concentration to eliminate crack formation. However, slow cooling in oils decreases the mechanical properties of the materials. This means that more alloy elements need to be added to the material to satisfy the requirements of industry. This chapter discusses new ways of improving the mechanical properties of materials by intensive quenching, especially increasing the cooling rate within the martensite range. It will be shown that intensive cooling within the martensite range is equal to low-temperature thermomechanical treatment and increases the strength and plastic properties of materials [1–4].
Introduction
Authors: Bernhard R. K.
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this Symposium on “Soil Dynamics” is twofold: first, to assemble available information and, second, to discuss as yet unsolved problems in soil dynamics. Soil considered as an engineering material, in particular with respect to soil dynamics, represents a new development in the field of engineering, thus producing numerous open questions which seemed to justify this Symposium. It is gratifying indeed that in the postwar years several theoretical and experimental investigations have been made in an attempt to find solutions for the complex problems involved in the dynamic behavior of soils.
A Discontinuous Model for the Problems of Soil Dynamics
Authors: Slade J. J.
Published: February 2024

The analysis of problems in soil dynamics is complicated by many factors, principal of which is the particulate nature of the soil. During several years of association with the investigations of R. K. Bernhard, the author has had opportunities to examine many records of oscillations obtained under a great variety of conditions, and it has appeared to him that no mathematical model so far proposed is adequate to represent the induced motion of the soil except over severely limited force amplitude and frequency ranges. It is certain that any tractable mathematical model will be limited in its application, but the author believes that the range of similarity in behavior between a model and its oscillator-soil prototype can be made usefully wide when certain soil-dynamic types are isolated and their contributing effects formulated individually. A possible formulation of this type is considered here. When the surface of the earth is subjected to motion, such as that imparted to it by a mechanical oscillator, there result three general dynamical states of the medium that must be recognized explicitly. Limiting attention to a small volume of the soil subjected to a periodic oscillation, it will be convenient to consider it to be in one of three cases of excitation: 1. A high energy state in which the medium changes its statistical chararacteristics, such as bulk density, porosity, and permeability; 2. A medium energy state in which the particulate configuration of the soil undergoes irreversible local changes without resulting in significant changes in the statistical characteristics of the soil; and 3. A low energy state in which the changes in the particulate configuration are cyclic.
Elasticity and Damping Effects of Oscillating Bodies on Soil
Authors: Lorenz H.
Published: February 2024

Many dynamic engineering problems, such as machine foundations, require an exact knowledge of the dynamic behavior of the soil. The assumption that the soil acts as a linear spring without mass does not lead to satisfactory results, since large-scale tests have shown considerable discrepancies with this simplified theory. The paper deals with these discrepancies and aims to obtain an adequate solution by introducing the nonelastic behavior of soil into the theory. This introduction leads to considerable mathematical difficulties, but graphical methods and approximate calculations could be developed.
Performance Records of Engine Foundations
Authors: Tschebotarioff Gregory P.
Published: February 2024

Data on the performance of full scale foundations of structures under static loading has permitted the correction of many soil testing techniques and the development of reliable procedures of analysis and of forecast which otherwise would not have been possible. The need for similar full scale data concerning the effect of dynamic loads on engine foundations is equally great, but very little has been published so far. The difficulties presented by the problem of obtaining relevant and reliable information on the resonance characteristics of engine foundations are reviewed; the scant data obtained so far is tabulated and analyzed; proposals are advanced, as a basis for discussion, concerning the information needed and the manner of recording it.
Vibration Research on Road Constructions
Authors: van der Poel C.
Published: February 2024

The possibilities and merits are discussed of a method for measuring the stiffness of a road construction under vibrating loading. This method forms the dynamic counterpart of the well-known static plate bearing test. The measurements are more reproducible, however, than are those of static plate bearing tests. Compared with other dynamic methods such as wave velocity measurements and measurements under actual traffic conditions, vibrating loading has the advantage of giving clear and straightforward results that allow a simple interpretation. The method can be easily standardized and it can be handled by any skilled engineer. The results have so far been in agreement with road behavior and practical engineering experience.
Correlation of Notched: Unnotched Tensile Ratios with Tensile Fatigue Properties of Complex Welded Joints in High-Strength 300 Series Stainless Steels at Cryogenic Temperatures
Authors: Watson J. F. , Christian J. L. , Tanalski T. T. , Hurlich A.
Published: February 2024

The notched: unnotched tensile ratios (Kt=6.3) and the cycles to failure in tension fatigue tests at constant stress of complex welded joints were determined for 301, 301-N, and 310 stainless steel sheet in the extra-full-hard condition at temperatures of 70, −320, and −423 F. Decreases in the notched: unnotched tensile ratio were correlated with decreases in the number of cycles to failure in tension fatigue tests. This correlation reflects similar conditions of stress concentration around the notch in the base metal samples, and around the outer row of spot welds in the welded joint where fracture initiated. In tests of 301 stainless steel sheet cold rolled about 60 per cent, a decrease in the notched: unnotched tensile ratio between −320 and −423 F was accompanied by a sharp decrease in the number of cycles to failure in the complex welded joint. The 301-N cold-rolled steel exhibited similar behavior between 70 and −320 F. In contrast, type 310 stainless steel cold rolled 75 per cent retained at −423 F a notched:unnotched ratio in excess of 1.0, accompanied by excellent fatigue life. The data demonstrate that simple tension tests can be used to predict the behavior of complex welded joints in tension fatigue tests.
Summary
Authors: Lewis J. C. , Sines George
Published: February 2024

This Special Technical Publication of the Fourteenth National Symposium on Fracture Mechanics is divided into two volumes. The first volume contains papers dealing with fracture theory and analysis. The papers in the second volume primarily describe test methods or fracture mechanics data about specific applications or materials.
Overprecision in the Survey of Professional Forecasters
Authors: Campbell Sandy , Moore Don A.
Published: February 2024

Every decision depends on a forecast of its consequences. We examine the calibration of the single longest and most complete forecasting project. The Survey of Professional Forecasters has, since 1968, collected predictions of key economic indicators such as unemployment, inflation, and economic growth. Here, we test the accuracy of those forecasts (n = 16,559) and measure the degree to which they fall victim to overconfidence, both overoptimism and overprecision. We find forecasts are overly precise; forecasters report 53% confidence in the accuracy of their forecasts, but are correct only 23% of the time. By contrast, forecasts show little evidence of optimistic bias. These results have important implications for how organizations ought to make use of forecasts. Moreover, we employ novel methodology in analyzing archival data: we split our dataset into exploration and validation halves. We submitted results from the exploration half to Collabra:Psychology. Following editorial input, we updated our analysis plan for the validation dataset, preregistering only analyses that were consistent across different economic indicators and analytic specifications. This manuscript presents results from the full dataset, prioritizing results that were consistent in both halves of the data.
FSH-producing pituitary neuroendocrine tumor as a cause of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Authors: Kitamura Takuya , Nanba Kazutaka , Doi Kento , Kishimoto Naoya , Abiko Kaoru , Kuwahara Ryo , Moriyoshi Koki , Inoshita Naoko , Tagami Tetsuya
Published: February 2024

Functioning gonadotroph tumors are rare neoplasms that can cause ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in women of reproductive age. Here, we present a case of a follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-producing pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) with irregular menstrual cycles and OHSS in a Japanese woman. A 34-year-old woman with bilateral multi-cystic ovarian mass was referred to our hospital for ovarian surgery. The imaging feature of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the ovary and elevated estradiol levels with normal FSH and low luteinizing hormone (LH) levels led us to suspect the presence of a functioning gonadotroph PitNET. MRI revealed a 19-mm pituitary tumor, and increased tracer uptake was observed in the pituitary lesion on 111In-pentetreotide scintigraphy. Transsphenoidal tumor resection resulted in the resolution of the ovarian enlargement, normalization of her menstrual cycles, and spontaneous pregnancy. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of the resected tumor for pituitary transcription factors, including steroidogenesis factor 1 (SF1) and estrogen receptor alpha, demonstrated positive immunoreactivity, whereas IHC for pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1 was negative, suggesting that the tumor belonged to the SF1 lineage of PitNETs (gonadotroph tumor). The tumor cells showed positive expression of FSHβ, while LHβ was mostly negative. Consistent with the high pituitary tumor uptake observed on 111In-pentetreotide scintigraphy, the pituitary tumor showed positive expression of somatostatin receptor 2A. Detailed clinical and histological evaluations will provide useful information to understand these rare functioning gonadotroph tumors better.

Learning points

Functioning gonadotroph tumors are very rare neuroendocrine tumors of pituitary origin.

Women of reproductive age presenting with bilateral multi-cystic ovarian enlargement, irregular menstrual cycles, and hyperestrogenemia under unsuppressed follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels should be evaluated for FSH-producing tumor.

Raising awareness of OHSS due to functioning gonadotroph tumors is crucial to prevent unnecessary ovarian surgery.

Comprehensive histological analysis may provide useful information to better understand the characteristics of functioning gonadotroph tumors.
Ethical Expertise for Gene Diagnostics and Gene Therapy Clinical Studies
Authors: Kubyshkin A. V. , Balashova A. I. , Gyulbasarova E. V.
Published: February 2024

Purpose of the study: to develop proposals for improving regulatory documentation on ethical expertise (EE) of gene diagnostics and gene therapy clinical studies.

Materials and methods. We used general philosophical research methods, including the formal-logical, historical method, comparative method, systematic approach and axiological method. We analyzed 10 international acts, including acts of «soft law», 4 documents adopted at the level of interstate integration entities, 7 domestic normative legal acts, and a number of various doctrinal sources on the topic under consideration. In addition, we analyzed the regulatory documents for ethical committees (EC) acivities, including those from a historical perspective.

Results. We formulated the concept of EE, deﬁned the principles and main areas of EE, including the personalized medicine, and suggested the regulatory principles of EE operating.

Conclusion. To improve the regulation of EE, the legal status and requirements for the activities of independent ECs should ﬁt the scope of EE, diﬀerentially related to the area of a trial (non-interventional trials, clinical trials with a drug treatment); at the national level, independent ECs conducting EE of drug treatmemnt clinical trials should be institutionalized into a single system; to improve the activities of independent ECs in the ﬁeld of clinical testing, the development of a special normative regulation is required.
Bilateral Renal Hilar Nutcracker Phenomenon in a Male Cadaver
Authors: Borthakur Dibakar , Kumar Rajesh , Dhawan Vidhu , Dada Rima
Published: February 2024

Nutcracker phenomenon (NCP) typically refers to the entrapment of the left renal vein (LRV) between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery. Similar to the classic NCP, the renal vein can also get entrapped between the segmental branches of the renal artery at the renal hilum, which has been referred to as ‘renal hilar nutcracker phenomenon (RHNP).’ During routine dissection of a male cadaver of 67 years, the renal veins of both sides at the renal hilum were seen between the segmental branches of renal arteries, which we identified as the ‘renal hilar nutcracker phenomenon.’ The disposition of the rest of the perihilar structures was normal. ‘Renal hilar nutcracker phenomenon’ can have similar clinical presentation like that of the nutcracker phenomenon. Hence, knowledge of such anatomical variation at the renal hilum is desirable.
Illness and The Stories We Tell Ourselves
Authors: Pereira Mariana Ribeiro
Published: February 2024

Most essential therapies for neurological patients do not come from a medical prescription but from appropriate referrals and follow-ups with other professionals. Medications often serve as crutches. In this context, a physician tells readers how literature helped her better understand patients by reading what writers had to say about what disease is and what it means to be ill.
Elderly in Ukraine during the war: situation, needs, examples of resilience
Authors:   Ptoukha Institute for Demography and Social Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine bul. T. Shevchenko, 60, Kyiv, 03032, Ukraine, Kurylo I. O.
Published: February 2024

The paper investigates the Ukrainian older adults’ social, economic, and humanitarian circumstances in the context of the russian war against Ukraine. It mainly analyses the challenges and needs of the elderly residing in regions affected by active hostilities, those who have experienced occupation, and internally displaced older persons. The main problems for older people in the areas of active hostilities and those who have been in the occupied territories are loss and (or) damage of housing; difficulties in evacuating, especially lonely people and those who lost social (family) support; destruction of institutions for the elderly and disabled as well as medical infrastructure; increased poverty and limited access to basic food, hygiene, and medicine, poor health; vulnerability to war crimes by the occupiers. For internally displaced older persons, the following problems are determined: the shortage of housing in slightly safer regions; limited financial opportunities for rental housing and meeting other basic needs (food, medicine, etc.); significant deterioration of health conditions forced by the physical and psychological trauma experienced and displacement during the war; living in temporary shelters with an increased risk of being placed in institutions for the elderly. There are some of the most urgent needs of older people in Ukraine in the context of war: various medicines and hygiene products; food and its delivery to the affected regions; transporting older people, including transferring them to the bomb shelters; increased need for medical care, psychological and social rehabilitation; help with home care and household chores. The paper underlines the resilience of older adults to the hardships they face, their high level of self-organisation and mutual assistance during russia’s war against Ukraine.
Preferential taxation of enterprises of public organizations of people with disabilities: legislative aspect of the social problem
Authors:   SO “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”, Teriukhanova I. M.
Published: February 2024

The article dwells upon the main problems of granting permission for the right to use tax benefits by enterprises of public organizations of persons with disabilities, related to the procedure for giving such approval, analysis, and control over the provision of tax benefits interaction between all interested parties. The author analyses normative legal acts on these issues. The existing system of tax benefits for enterprises and public organizations of people with disabilities does not contribute to the creation of new jobs for the employment of people with disabilities. It does not sufficiently ensure the social orientation of the tax-exempt funds of these enterprises and, accordingly, does not contribute to the improvement of the system of social protection of people with disabilities. In addition, employment of people with disabilities at such enterprises can be carried out to improve their well-being and to obtain permission for the right to use tax benefits, the legality of which some enterprises may raise doubts. It has been proven that the currently valid regulatory document, which regulates the granting of permission for the right to use benefits to enterprises of public organizations of people with disabilities, is not practical, does not contribute to the creation and preservation of jobs for persons with disabilities, and often creates conditions for illegally obtaining permission and benefits from taxation of enterprises that should not receive such a permit. However, this does not mean that such a mechanism is not needed. Similar state support exists in many foreign countries. Proposals were submitted to the “Procedure for granting permission for the right to use tax benefits for enterprises and public organizations of people with disabilities” in terms of the permission granting procedure, analysis and control of the mechanism for approving, the direction of tax-exempt funds, and the interaction of all interested parties.
Production of fresh cheese analogues; the impact of soy protein isolate and oat germ powder
Authors: Habibi R. , Khosrowshahi Asl A. , Roufegarinejad L. , Zomorodi S. , Asefi N.
Published: February 2024

Plant-based proteins are being rapidly explored in the food industry to produce healthy and nutritious foods. Herein, the effects of soy protein isolate (SPI) ratio to oat germ powder (OGP) (0:0, 3.7: 6.3, 5:5, 0:10, 10:0, and 6.3:3.7%) were studied on the physicochemical, colour, rheological, microbial, antioxidant, and sensory properties of wheyless cheese. The results showed that by increasing SPI and OGP levels, ash, white index value, elastic modulus, and complex viscosity decreased, while pH, fat in dry matter, Chroma, and total colour (ΔE) increased. Also, syneresis was only observed in the control sample and was not observed in other samples. Control sample together with sample containing 10% of OGP showed the highest microbial count (i.e., mesophilic bacteria and yeasts-moulds), while samples containing 10% of SPI showed the lowest microbial count. Furthermore, the growth of both coliform and psychrophilic bacteria in all samples was negligible. Based on the results of sensory evaluation, with increasing SPI and OGP, the sensory evaluation score of samples decreased but they were within the acceptable range. According to the results obtained in this study, the combinations of 5% SPI and 5% OGP or 3.7% SPI and 6.3% OGP are recommended to be used in wheyless cheese production.
Teaching grassroots soccer: a systematic review of literature
Authors: Almonacid-Fierro Alejandro , Souza de Carvalho Ricardo , Sepúlveda-Vallejos Sergio , Méndez-Cornejo Jorge , Aguilar-Valdés Mirko
Published: February 2024

Background and Study Aim. The process of soccer training for children and young people involves systematic exercise over an extended period to build a strong foundation of motor skills. These skills are designed to be both versatile and specific to the sport. The purpose of this research is to conduct a systematic review of literature related to the process of teaching grassroots football. This review aims to contribute to a better understanding of the strategies and methods employed in the development and training of young athletes.
Material and Methods. To conduct this review, studies were searched in the Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus databases from 2012 to 2022. The search focused on scientific articles addressing soccer teaching for children and girls up to 14 years old, using the keywords "children AND (football OR soccer) AND teaching." The sample was limited to research in Spanish and English. The search yielded 149 articles, from which 19 studies were selected based on their titles and abstracts.
Results. The findings revealed two main categories: teaching methods and their impact on technical and tactical skills in grassroots football, and factors affecting technical-tactical performance in this context. The most significant findings emphasize the importance of a comprehensive approach to teaching grassroots football, which involves the coordination of knowledge, skills, strategies, decision-making, and technical abilities.
Conclusions. The review concludes that a variety of teaching approaches should be considered, and methodologies should be constantly evaluated to train future footballers with a deep understanding of the game.
Does basketball training increase balance scores in children?
Authors: Arslan Kabasakal Sema , Gökşin Şeyma Öznur , Keskin Burçak , Güvendi Burcu
Published: February 2024

Background and Study Aim. Balance is a motor skill that enables children to perform physical activities fluently and regular physical activity is needed for the development of balance skills. In this context, the problem of which physical activity should be directed to the balance development of children arises. The study is aimed to determine the effect of basketball training on balance skills in children aged 7-10 years.
Material and Methods. The participant group of the study consisted of 24 children aged 7-10 years with a mean age of 9.25±0.94 who did not regularly perform physical activity and lived in rural or non-rural areas. Participants living in non-rural areas were included in the exercise group (n=12) and participants living in rural areas were included in the control group (n=12). The exercise group received basketball training for 8 weeks, two days a week, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Before and after the training process, all participants were tested at Level 1 in TOGU Challenge Disc and software to determine static and dynamic balance levels. As a result of the balance test, participants' static balance score (SBS), dynamic balance score (DBS), general balance score (GBS) and dynamic balance sub-parameter scores as right and left dynamic balance score (RL-DBS), superior inferior dynamic balance score (SI-DBS), horizontal plane dynamic balance score (HP-DBS), vertical plane dynamic balance score (VP-DBS), clockwise (C-DBS) and opposite clockwise dynamic balance score (OC-DBS) were taken as percentage. Descriptive statistics, Skewness, Kurtosis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov values, paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test were used to analyse the data. Statistical significance level was determined as p<0.05.
Results. In the study, no difference was found between the exercise group and the control group in terms of pre-test results, which indicated that the participant groups showed homogeneous characteristics. In the exercise group, a significant increase was found in DBS, RL-DBS, SI-DBS, C-DBS, GBS levels after 8 weeks of basketball training. In the control group, there was a significant decrease in SBS and a significant increase in DBS, RL-DBS, SI-DBS, C-DBS and OC-DBS levels at the end of 8 weeks.
Conclusions. As a result, regular basketball training provided an increase in dynamic balance level and general balance scores. Moreover, basketball training can slow the decrease in static balance that may occur as a result of growth spurts in children aged 7-10 years. Children targeted to develop balance skills can be directed to basketball training.
Children's reformulations during speech-language assessment
Authors: Esbensen Annette , Sigurd Pilesjö Maja
Published: February 2024

In speech and language therapy it is common to do an assessment of a child's speech and language abilities. During the assessment, the child does not solely carry out the assigned task, but also does repair work to achieve intersubjectivity in order to perform well in the test activity. The aim of the present study was to investigate how children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) design and initiate repair during assessment. Sixteen children with DLD aged between 7;05 (7 years and 5 months) to 10;00 years were included. The data consist of video recordings of the children and a researcher made during the test activities, and conversation analysis is used to analyse the data. Findings show how the children initiate several kinds of repair during the test activities, with several types of reformulations presenting candidate understandings. The reformulations occurred just after the task-setting turn (TST), and they indicate that the children displayed an understanding of what was expected of them during the test activities. By using reformulations, the children thus revealed pragmatic skills and demonstrated competence in being a test taker. These findings may have clinical implications when assessing pragmatic skills.
Evaluating the referred students’ coaching programme through student surveys
Authors: Weetman Katharine , Wiskin Connie , Skelton John , Heathcock Katharine
Published: February 2024

Background: Students completing a healthcare degree can experience difficulties, both academic and non-academic. Early intervention for struggling students may present an opportunity for remediation. Students may be coached in academic performance, clinical communication, values-based learning and development of professional identity. The referred students’ coaching programme at the University of Birmingham is a unique offering, encompassing eight different healthcare programmes. Referrals can be triggered by academic performance and ‘concern forms’ by stakeholders. Concerns by referrers include exam failure, performance anxiety, lack of confidence, poor team and/or patient/public communication or inadequate self-presentation as well as issues with attitudes/values, study methods, organisation, writing, language, motivation and conduct. Each student referred to the programme receives a bespoke coaching service. Sessions may include role play, narrative reflection, review and revision of academic work, structured feedback and signposting of resources. Methods and analysis: A qualitative evaluation is carried out of students referred to the Interactive Studies Unit at the University of Birmingham for coaching support with language, communication and professional development. This evaluation explores the experiences of referred students via qualitative surveys. The results are examined using thematic analysis and corpus linguistics. There is a minimum target of 15 participants. Dissemination: The findings will be published and shared internally for training and internal process improvement purposes.
Bouillabaisse
Authors: Santich Barbara
Published: February 2024

Bouillabaisse, indissolubly associated with Marseille, a classic of Provençal cuisine, began life as a humble fisherman’s dish that might even trace its history back to the Greek founders of the city who, around 600 bc, brought with them the simple fish stew known as kakavia. Until the end of the eighteenth century it remained exclusive to the fishing community, eluding all visitors to Marseille, all writers on Provence, suddenly to emerge in the early nineteenth century as a restaurant speciality and the city’s emblematic dish. Such a rapid transformation is rare in the gastronomic world and deserves investigation.
The potential of place-based learning in terms of decolonization of education
Authors: Perevozniuk Viktoria
Published: February 2024

The challenges facing Ukraine as a result of the Russian-Ukrainian war necessitate significant changes in approaches to education, particularly in terms of decolonization and the affirmation of Ukrainian identity. In this context, it is useful to take into account the pedagogical experience of developed countries that have faced similar problems in the past. First of all, we are talking about the use of educational practices of the pedagogical approach of Place-based Education, a trend that emerged in the late twentieth century, the fundamental principles of which are immersion of learning in the local context, establishing strong ties between the school and the territorial community, increased attention to national-patriotic and civic education, and priority didactic technologies - integrated and project-based learning. The purpose of the study is to reveal the potential of locally oriented learning in terms of decolonization of education and involves solving such tasks as analyzing foreign educational practices of locally oriented education that contribute to decolonization, identifying problems in the formation of the national identity of Ukrainian students, and formulating proposals for ways to overcome the identified problems. Methodology includes a set of theoretical methods to understand the world experience of locally oriented education, to analyze the prospects for the introduction of it in Ukrainian school education. The positive consequences of the introduction of locally oriented education are identified, namely: intensification of interaction between school, community and society, fostering affection for the native land, love for language and culture, and acquisition of historical knowledge. It is proved that locally oriented education contributes to the formation of national identity and citizenship of young people. Prospects for further research are seen in the study of the directions of implementation of locally oriented education
INFLUENCE OF TRANSIENT HEAT PULSE ON HEAT TRANSFER PERFORMANCE OF VAPOR CHAMBER WITH DIFFERENT FILLING RATIOS
Authors: Wang Zhou , Jia Li , Lu Hongling , Shen Yutong , Yin Liaofei
Published: February 2024

Due to the transitional thermal loads of CPU and power elements during the operation of portable electronic devices, traditional uniform structure wicks cannot meet the requirements of working fluid evaporation and reflow under complex heat flow conditions such as pulse heating, thus limiting the heat transfer performance of the vapor chamber (VC). This article proposes a new type of VC to improve the heat transfer performance of dual-heat source electronic devices under complex heat flow conditions. By using copper powders with different particle sizes and shapes in the heat source zone and reflow zone to sinter gradient structure wick, the evaporation and reflow of working fluid under multiple heat sources in complex working conditions could be effectively enhanced. The influence of the gradient structure wick on the heat transfer performance of VC under step heating and pulse heating conditions was analyzed. The results showed that the best heat transfer performance of the VC was achieved at a filling ratio of approximately 90%, under step heating condition, with a minimum thermal resistance of only 0.31°C/W at 45 W. Under pulse heating condition, when the filling ratio was 80% and 100%, the maximum temperature lag was 2.7°C. When the filling ratio was 90%, temperature lag could be eliminated. The research results provided theoretical guidance for the design of VC and the development of efficient heat transfer components under complex working conditions.
A DESIGN OF MICROSTRIP LOW-PASS FILTER USING GROUND-PLANE COPLANAR WAVEGUIDE (GCPW)
Authors: Chemseddine Farah Mehdi , Rahmouna Elbouslemti , Didier Vincent
Published: February 2024

Low-pass filters, high-pass filters, band-pass filters, and band-stop filters are all examples of filters
that are passive electronic devices that are used to select, eliminate, or differentiate signals that are located
in distinct frequency bands. They can be used in conjunction with a variety of different passive
elements and devices, such as is the case with multiplexers and demultiplexers that are utilized in
the field of telecommunications. Additionally, they are utilized in active circuits such as amplifiers,
mixers, and other similar devices. Microwave filters are designed by using many structures, each
of which has ground-plane coplanar waveguide (FGCPW) lines interspersed between them. In this work, we are interested in the proposal, the characterization, the study, and the realization of a microwave low-pass filter in (FGCPW) technology by the Butterworth law. The filter has been achieved by going through the steps of first analytical, then simulation and optimization on the HFSS software.
This final filter has a cutoff frequency of 2.5 GHz, an insertion loss of about -0.4734 dB, and
a reflection coefficient of about -12.2 dB. The measured results and those simulated with the HFSS
software coincide perfectly for the transmission and with a slight offset for the reflection at the input.
Preparation of metal–organic framework-199 (Cu) and their effects on catalytic decomposition of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-s-triazine
Authors: Wang Xiaoxiao , Pan Cenlin , Wu Yingying , Xie Jiajing , Ibrahim Mohamed M , El-Bahy Zeinhom M , Abdou Safaa N , Shi Xiaofeng , Xu Ben Bin , Guo Jiang
Published: February 2024

In this study, a series of metal–organic framework-199 (MOF-199) products were prepared with copper (Cu) as the metal center and trimesic acid as the organic ligand. The morphological changes of MOF-199 under different preparation conditions and its application in the catalytic thermal decomposition of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-s-triazine (RDX) were studied. The morphological changes of MOF-199 were compared by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the crystal structures of MOF-199 were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and the effects of MOF-199 with different morphological characteristics on the thermal decomposition behavior of RDX were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The results showed that MOF-199 with different morphologies could effectively adjust the thermal decomposition process of RDX and reduce the decomposition peak temperature of RDX, and the catalytic effect of MOF-199 was different due to different crystal surfaces exposed. Among them, (110) was a highly active crystal plane with a high catalytic activity. In addition to the crystal plane structure, the defects on the surface of MOF-199 would also affect its catalytic performance. This study provides some theoretical support for the catalytic mechanism of MOFs in the thermal decomposition of nitro compounds.
SARS-CoV-2 infection impairs oculomotor functions: A longitudinal eye-tracking study
Authors: Duan Xiaoting , Huang Zehao , Zhang Shuai , Zhu Gancheng , Wang Rong , Wang Zhiguo
Published: February 2024

Although Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 infection (SARS-CoV-2) is primarily recognized as a respiratory disease, mounting evidence suggests that it may lead to neurological and cognitive impairments. The current study used three eye-tracking tasks (free-viewing, fixation, and smooth pursuit) to assess the oculomotor functions of mild infected cases over six months with symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected volunteers. Fifty symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected, and 24 self-reported healthy controls completed the eye-tracking tasks in an initial assessment. Then, 45, and 40 symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected completed the tasks at 2- and 6-months post-infection, respectively. In the initial assessment, symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected exhibited impairments in diverse eye movement metrics. Over the six months following infection, the infected reported overall improvement in health condition, except for self-perceived mental health. The eye movement patterns in the free-viewing task shifted toward a more focal processing mode and there was no significant improvement in fixation stability among the infected. A linear discriminant analysis shows that eye movement metrics could differentiate the infected from healthy controls with an accuracy of approximately 62%, even 6 months post-infection. These findings suggest that symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection may result in persistent impairments in oculomotor functions, and the employment of eye-tracking technology can offer valuable insights into both the immediate and long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Future studies should employ a more balanced research design and leverage advanced machine-learning methods to comprehensively investigate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on oculomotor functions.
Network, Cryptography, and the Next World to Come: An Everlasting American Techno-millenarianism?
Authors: Pucheu David
Published: February 2024

To understand the nexus between networked cryptography and American religiosity, it is essential to embed this inquiry within the broader context of religious imaginaries associated with communication networks in nineteenth-century North America and their evolution into the spiritual landscape of the twentieth century. Throughout United States history, network imaginaries have exerted a substantial influence, engaging in a continuous dialogue with the evolution of religious thought, attributing eschatological expectations to networks, and ascribing them with a profound sense of ultimate purpose and significance. This investigation finds its ultimate context within the early techno-libertarian communities of 1990s California, pivotal in shaping the design, development, and objectives of networked cryptography online, ultimately giving birth to cryptocurrencies and the blockchain protocol.
ISSUES OF TRAINING TEACHERS FOR INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION
Authors:   Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabayev, Japarova Zamira , Baidueva Nurila ,   Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabayev
Published: February 2024

In the educational space of the Kyrgyz Republic, the issues of introducing an inclusive education system are being actively discussed. The article raises the question of teachers 'readiness for the system of inclusive education, the theoretical foundations of teachers' readiness. An attempt is made to define the definition of "inclusive culture", the main approaches of modern researchers to the study of this phenomenon are considered. Several author's approaches to defining the inclusive culture of teachers have been studied. Inclusive culture is defined as a system that requires variable competence and encompasses the entire pedagogical activity of a teacher. Inclusive culture is revealed as: part of the general pedagogical culture, acceptance of the values and principles of inclusive education, cultural diversity, education of children with special needs, development of all members of society, assistance to the participation of all participants in the educational process in close cooperation and partnership.
WAYS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEMS OF DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors:   International Higher School of Medicine, Jumagulov Eldar
Published: February 2024

The article considers appearance and development of outbreak of a new corona virus, its impact on quality of education, particular in process of teaching students, schoolchildren and preschoolers who using distance technology. The possibilities of solving difficulties in explanation of materials are noted, in the teaching methods. The article considers learning process, system for assessing student progress, implementation of the given educational materials in the online learning environment. The article analyzing problems that have arisen in assimilation of the material, in the course of training, in identifying level of knowledge, skills and competencies of a student and a schoolchild. Also, noted the role of teacher of informatics, in the process of organizing distance learning.
DEVELOPMENT OF EXPORT OF EDUCATIONAL SERVICES IN KYRGYZSTAN IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION AND EURASIAN INTEGRATION
Authors:   Institute of Economics named after acad. J. Alyshbaev, Sayakova Sonun , Dolotbakova Aida ,   Institute of Economics named after acad. J. Alyshbaev, Supataev Erlan ,   Institute of Economics named after acad. J. Alyshbaev
Published: February 2024

The choice of a higher education system based on the Bologna process played an important role in the reform and modernization of higher education in Kyrgyzstan. This facilitated the entry of the republic’s higher school into the world educational system. In the process of such integration, there is a tendency to increase the number of students from foreign countries, except for traditional ones from the post-Soviet republics. These are students from India, Turkey, Pakistan and other countries. It becomes relevant to assess the prospects for developing the export of educational services, creating the prerequisites for increasing the export of education.
Design and Implementation of a Career Guidance Program at Gachon University College of Medicine
Authors: Park Kwi Hwa
Published: February 2024

The ultimate goal of career guidance is to help medical students develop a career plan that matches their personal characteristics, allows them to train in their desired subspecialty, and helps them to adapt well to medical practice after graduation. Gachon Medical School has designed a longitudinal career guidance program called GLORI (Gachon Longitudinal Orientation and Career Development), which is based on the outcome of each phase. The program consists of regular courses and portfolio-based career guidance from a mentor professor. In phase 2 (basic medical science), the “Career Seminar” course was developed. This course focuses on self-understanding through a psychological inventory, exploration of postgraduate career paths, and interviews with professors in specialties of interest. In phase 3 (the integration of basic and clinical science), the “Exploring Nonclinical Career Options” course was introduced. This course presents perspectives from doctors who have followed various pioneering career trajectories, including biomedical engineering, medical journalism, writing, public health, health care administration, the pharmaceutical and medical device industries, and other areas. All teaching methods were designed to encourage student participation. The assessment methods are assignment-based, including self-reflective reports and presentations. In addition, a portfolio-based career guidance program is implemented in phases 3 and 4 (clinical clerkship). It is expected that this case study will serve as a practical example for developing comprehensive career guidance programs for medical schools.
Personality and Learning Behavioral Characteristics as Predictors of Academic Achievement of Medical Students
Authors: Kim Jang-Rak , Ji Young-A , Kim Mi-Ji , Hahm Jong Ryeal
Published: February 2024

This study investigates whether personality characteristics and learning behaviors can predict medical students’ academic achievement in Korea, specifically in terms of successfully completing medical school without delays or achieving a high grade point average (GPA) in their final year. In May 2018, 316 medical students took the Multi-Dimensional Learning Strategy Test, 2nd edition, which provided data on their personality and learning behavioral characteristics. Their final year’s GPA and any delays in completing medical school were ascertained by reviewing all electronic academic records of each semester they had been enrolled. The combination of personality and learning behavioral characteristics was significantly associated with completing medical school without delays, even after adjusting for sex and admission path. A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for completing medical school without delays were 1.52 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83–2.78) and 3.64 (95% CI, 1.70–7.82) for “others” and “both high” categories, respectively, when compared with the “both low” category. For 235 students who completed medical school without delays, their learning behavioral characteristics (scores) were significantly associated with their final year’s GPA even after adjusting for sex, admission path, and personality characteristics (scores) as determined by the multiple linear regression analysis. This study suggests that individual personality and learning behavior characteristics are predictors of medical students’ academic achievement. Therefore, interventions such as personalized counseling programs should be provided in consideration of such student characteristics.