bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
YBX1 Protects against Apoptosis Induced by Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation in PC12 Cells via Activation of the AKT/GSK3β Pathway
Authors: Tuerxun T. , Li Xiaopeng , Hou F. , Wang Y. , Wang X. , Ma L.
Published: August 2023

Reperfusion therapies for ischaemic stroke can induce secondary injury accompanied by neuronal death. The Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1), an oncoprotein, is critical for regulating tumour cell proliferation and apoptosis. Thus, we wanted to know whether YBX1 could regulate neuronal cell apoptosis caused by cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R). We established a model of cerebral I/R-induced injury in vitro by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) treatment and determined YBX1 expression using Western blot. Next, the effect of YBX1 on the apoptosis and viability of OGD/R-treated PC12 cells was evaluated by flow cytometry, MTT assay, and Western blot. Besides, the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected to evaluate oxidative stress of PC12 cells induced by OGD/R. The regulatory roles of YBX1 in the AKT/GSK3β pathway were examined by Western blot. As a result, OGD/R treatment down-regulated YBX1 expression in PC12 cells. YBX1 over-expression attenuated the growth inhibition and apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by OGD/R. Besides, the increase of LDH release and the decrease of SOD and CAT activities caused by OGD/R were reversed by YBX1 over-expression. Moreover, YBX1 over-expression could activate the AKT/GSK3β pathway in OGD/ R-treated PC12 cells. Therefore, YBX1 could protect against OGD/R-induced injury in PC12 cells through activating the AKT/GSK3β signalling pathway, and thus YBX1 has the potential to become a therapeutic target for cerebral I/R-induced injury.
Impaired cardiac glycolysis and glycogen depletion are linked to poor myocardial outcomes in juvenile male swine with metabolic syndrome and ischemia
Authors: Broadwin Mark , Harris Dwight D. , Sabe Sharif A. , Sengun Elif , Sylvestre Amber J. , Alexandrov Boian S. , Sellke Frank W. , Usheva Anny
Published: August 2023

Obesity continues to rise in the juveniles and obese children are more likely to develop metabolic syndrome (MetS) and related cardiovascular disease. Unfortunately, effective prevention and long‐term treatment options remain limited. We determined the juvenile cardiac response to MetS in a swine model. Juvenile male swine were fed either an obesogenic diet, to induce MetS, or a lean diet, as a control (LD). Myocardial ischemia was induced with surgically placed ameroid constrictor on the left circumflex artery. Physiological data were recorded and at 22 weeks of age the animals underwent a terminal harvest procedure and myocardial tissue was extracted for total metabolic and proteomic LC/MS–MS, RNA‐seq analysis, and data underwent nonnegative matrix factorization for metabolic signatures. Significantly altered in MetS versus. LD were the glycolysis‐related metabolites and enzymes. In MetS compared with LD Glycogen synthase 1 (GYS1)‐glycogen phosphorylases (PYGM/PYGL) expression disbalance resulted in a loss of myocardial glycogen. Our findings are consistent with the concept that transcriptionally driven myocardial changes in glycogen and glucose metabolism‐related enzymes lead to a deficiency of their metabolite products in MetS. This abnormal energy metabolism provides insight into the pathogenesis of the juvenile heart in MetS. This study reveals that MetS and ischemia diminishes ATP availability in the myocardium via altering the glucose‐G6P‐pyruvate axis at the level of metabolites and gene expression of related enzymes. The observed severe glycogen depletion in MetS coincides with disbalance in expression of GYS1 and both PYGM and PYGL. This altered energy substrate metabolism is a potential target of pharmacological agents for improving juvenile myocardial function in MetS and ischemia.
Immersive 360°-Lernressourcen als Werkzeuge in der protoberuflichen Bildung
Authors: Wand Lorenza , Tiepmar Jonas
Published: August 2023

Die Kooperation zwischen der Sächsischen Landesbibliothek – Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek (SLUB) mit dem Fach Wirtschaft, Technik und Haushalt/Soziales (WTH/S) an der Technischen Universität Dresden verdeutlicht sich besonders durch Projekte mit dem in der SLUB integrierten SLUB Makerspace. Im realen Lernraum profitieren beide Partner:innen intensiv in technischen Bereichen, wie bspw. Kunststoff- und Holztechnik, von der technischen Ausstattung und der Expertise der Mitarbeitenden. Die Schnittstellen in der Zusammenarbeit basieren auf den vergleichbaren Prinzipien des SLUB Makerspace und des Fachs WTH/S sowie der Fachdidaktik. Dieser Text zeigt die Weiterentwicklung beider Strukturen als Produzenten von Wissen aus dem realen Raum hin zu einer Form der Virtualität. Der Fokus dieses Textes liegt auf der Präsentation der Ergebnisse einer Zusammenarbeit zur Erzeugung von immersiven 360°-Lernressourcen für die akademische und protoberufliche Bildung. Diese zeigen beispielhaft, wie sich die Aneignung von Wissen aus dem physischen in den digitalen Raum transferieren lässt.
Komplexe räumliche Systeme: Bibliotheksräume im digitalen Zeitalter
Authors: Pointner Johannes
Published: August 2023

Durch die digitale Technologisierung von Räumen sind Bibliotheken als räumliche Strukturen mit sich dynamisch verändernden Bedingungen konfrontiert. Mit der damit einhergehenden Wahrnehmung komplexer werdender Räume soll eine terminologische Annäherung zwischen dem Komplexitäts- und dem Raumbegriff vorgenommen werden, um in weiterer Folge die Wissens- und Interaktionsräume der Bibliothek als komplexe räumliche Systeme zu definieren. Dabei geht es nicht um eine bloße Bestandsaufnahme bzw. Analyse vorherrschender Raumvorstellungen in Bezug auf Bibliotheksräume, sondern vielmehr um die Skizzierung eines theoretisch fundierten, architektonischen Entwurfsansatzes, der die heutige technologische Realität in ihrer paradigmatischen Dimension einbezieht.
A numerical study of palatal snoring
Authors: Korkut Talha Batuhan , Rachid Ahmed
Published: August 2023

Objectives

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the upper airway (oral and/or nasal) with different inhalation speeds and obstruction depths to generate remarkable notes on palatal snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Another important aspect is to study different soft palate biomechanical properties and their relationships with different physical parameters on palatal snoring and OSA.

Methods

The human upper-airway is modelled in 2D, and a cantilever plate model principle is adopted for the soft palate during fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations. Various scenarios are investigated under different inhalation speeds to characterize palatal snoring and OSA in terms of relevant physical parameters.

Results

The parameters most prone for palatal snoring and OSA are obtained for soft material, the highest obstruction depth, and oral inhalation. Also, it is shown that the biomechanical properties of the human upper airway are the most sensitive parameters affecting the dynamics of the soft palate.

Conclusions

The numerical modeling approach presented allows a better understanding of palatal snoring and may be useful for confirming clinical results as well as for further design of new treatments and therapies.
Serum hepcidin levels in chronic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sharma Ruchi , Zhao Weidan , Zafar Yousaf , Murali Arvind R. , Brown Kyle E.
Published: August 2023

Objectives

Dysregulation of hepcidin-iron axis is presumed to account for abnormal iron status in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Our aim is to determine the effect of specific etiologies of CLD and of cirrhosis on serum hepcidin levels.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science were searched for studies comparing serum hepcidin levels in patients with CLD to that in controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Guidelines. Statistical analysis was carried out with STATA using random effects model to calculate the mean difference (MD) between two groups.

Results

Hepcidin levels were significantly lower in subjects with hepatitis C virus (16 studies) [MD −1.6 (95 % CI: −2.66 to −0.54), p<0.01] and alcoholic liver disease (3 studies) [MD −0.84 (95 % CI: −1.6 to −0.07), p=0.03] than controls. Serum hepcidin was significantly higher in subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (12 studies) [MD 0.62 (95 % CI: 0.21 to 1.03), p<0.01], but did not differ in subjects with hepatitis B and controls (eight studies) [MD −0.65 (95 % CI: −1.47 to 0.16), p=0.12]. Hepcidin levels were significantly lower in patients with cirrhosis of any etiology (four studies) [MD −1.02 (CI: −1.59 to −0.45), p<0.01] vs. controls (CI: confidence interval).

Conclusions

Serum hepcidin levels are altered in common forms of CLD albeit not in a consistent direction. Additional study is needed to determine how changes in hepcidin levels are related to dysregulation of iron metabolism in CLD.
Translator Trainees’ Performance on Arabic–English Promotional Materials
Authors: Qassem Mutahar , Sahari Yousef
Published: August 2023

Due to linguistic and cultural variations between the source language (SL) and the target language (TL), the tourism industry may struggle to communicate effectively with tourists from various linguistic and cultural backgrounds. The translation industry could contribute significantly to the growth of the tourism industry by removing linguistic and cultural barriers, facing those with different cultural and language backgrounds. Given this issue, this study targets 27 postgraduates enrolled in translation training programs at Saudi universities with an average age of M = 27.471 (SD = 4.8319) and examine their performance on inverse translation (Arabic to English). The authors use a translation task, a tourism-based knowledge questionnaire, and a scale of difficulty to gather the data. Findings reveal shortcomings in the postgraduates’ translation of the promotional translation material and adherence to the source text style. The participants’ responses to the questionnaire show a lack of know-what and know-how in tourism translation. Training in tourism translation and the design of tourism translation courses should be based on the interdisciplinary nature of the field in order to adequately prepare translator trainees for the tourism translation industry.
Handling imbalanced data in supervised machine learning for lithological mapping using remote sensing and airborne geophysical data
Authors: Nugroho Hary , Wikantika Ketut , Bijaksana Satria , Saepuloh Asep
Published: August 2023

With balanced training sample (TS) data, learning algorithms offer good results in lithology classification. Meanwhile, unprecedented lithological mapping in remote places is predicted to be difficult, resulting in limited and unbalanced samples. To address this issue, we can use a variety of techniques, including ensemble learning (such as random forest [RF]), over/undersampling, class weight tuning, and hybrid approaches. This work investigates and analyses many strategies for dealing with imbalanced data in lithological classification based on RF algorithms with limited drill log samples using remote sensing and airborne geophysical data. The research was carried out at Komopa, Paniai District, Papua Province, Indonesia. The class weight tuning, oversampling, and balance class weight procedures were used, with TSs ranging from 25 to 500. The oversampling approach outperformed the class weight tuning and balance class weight procedures in general, with the following metric values: 0.70–0.80 (testing accuracy), 0.43–0.56 (F1 score), and 0.32–0.59 (Kappa score). The visual comparison also revealed that the oversampling strategy gave the most reliable classifications: if the imbalance ratio is proportionate to the coverage area in each lithology class, the classifier capability is optimal.
The 2-Class Group of Certain Families of Imaginary Triquadratic Fields
Authors: Chems-Eddin Mohamed Mahmoud , El Fadil Lhoussain
Published: August 2023

Our goal in this paper is to compute the 2-rank of the class group of the fields

K
=
ℚ

(

−
2

,

q

,

d

)

\[\mathbb{K}=\mathbb{Q}\left( \sqrt{-2},\sqrt{q},\sqrt{d} \right)\]

for any odd positive squarefree integer d and any prime integer q ≡ 5 (mod 8). Furthermore, we give the list of these fields whose 2-class groups are trivial, cyclic, of type (2, 2), (2, 4) or (2, 2, 2).
On Index and Monogenity of Certain Number Fields Defined by Trinomials
Authors: El Fadil Lhoussain
Published: August 2023

Let K be a number field generated by a root θ of a monic irreducible trinomial

F

(
x
)

=

x
n

+
a

x
m

+
b
∈
ℤ

[
x
]

. In this paper, we study the problem of monogenity of K. More precisely, we provide some explicit conditions on a, b, n, and m for which K is not monogenic. As applications, we show that there are infinite families of non-monogenic number fields defined by trinomials of degree n = 2
r
· 3
k
with r and k two positive integers. We also give infinite families of non-monogenic sextic number fields defined by trinomials. Some illustrating examples are giving at the end of this paper.
An Elliptic Type Inclusion Problem on the Heisenberg Lie Group
Authors: Razani Abdolrahman , Safari Farzaneh
Published: August 2023

Here, the solvability of the following inclusion elliptic problem

−

Δ

H
n

,
p

u
∈
F
(
ξ
,
u
)

in
 
 
Ω
,

u
=
0

on
 
 
∂
Ω
,

$$\left\{ \begin{array}{lll} -\Delta _{\mathbb{H}^n, p}u\in \mathcal{F}(\xi, u)& \text{in} \ \Omega, \\ u=0 & \text{on} \ \partial \Omega, \end{array} \right.$$

is proved, via variational technique, where Ω is a Korányi ball in the Heisenberg Lie group ℍn and 𝓕: Ω × ℝ → 𝒫(ℝ) is a real set-valued mapping.
The Unit-Gompertz Quantile Regression Model for the Bounded Responses
Authors: Mazucheli Josmar , Alves Bruna , Korkmaz Mustafa Ç.
Published: August 2023

This paper proposes a regression model for the continuous responses bounded to the unit interval which is based on the unit-Gompertz distribution as an alternative to quantile regression models based on the unit-Birnbaum-Saunders, unit-Weibull, L-Logistic, Kumaraswamy and Johnson SB distributions. Re-parameterizing the unit-Gompertz distribution as a function of its quantile allows us to model the effect of covariates across the entire response distribution, rather than only at the mean. Our proposal sometimes outperforms the other distributions available in the literature. These discoveries are provided by Monte Carlo simulations and one application using a real data set. An R package, including parameter estimation, model checking as well as density, cumulative distribution, quantile and random number generating functions of the unit-Gompertz distribution are developed and can be readily used in applications.
Modeling Bivariate Data Using Linear Exponential and Weibull Distributions as Marginals
Authors: Arshad Mohd , Pathak Ashok Kumar , Azhad Qazi J. , Khetan Mukti
Published: August 2023

Modeling bivariate data with different marginals is an important problem and have numerous applications in diverse disciplines. This paper introduces a new family of bivariate generalized linear exponential Weibull distribution having generalized linear and exponentiated Weibull distributions as marginals. Some important quantities like conditional distributions, conditional moments, product moments and bivariate quantile functions are derived. Concepts of reliability and measures of dependence are also discussed. The methods of maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimation are considered to estimate model parameters. Monte Carlo simulation experiments are performed to demonstrate the performance of the estimators. Finally, a real data application is also discussed to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed distribution in real-life situations.
Der „Flairneur“ und sein Gegenüber: Über den genussvollen Umgang mit migrationsbezogener Diversität im urbanen Raum
Authors: Hüttermann Jörg
Published: August 2023

Die von Steven Vertovec angeregte Erforschung migrationsbezogener Diversität in urbanen Räumen hat es mit zwei Herausforderungen zu tun: Zum einen mit der Schwierigkeit, angesichts der behaupteten Kontinuitätsbrüche der weltgesellschaftlichen Migration neue Formen der urbanen Diversitätsbewältigung nachzuweisen; zum andern mit der Frage, wie Struktur und Handlung, Makro und Mikro, soziale Schichtung und lebensweltliche Diversitätsbewältigung aufeinander einwirken. Angesichts dieser beiden Herausforderungen schlägt der Autor vor, dass die ethnographisch ansetzende urbane Diversitätsforschung einen konsequent von Sozialfiguren und ihrer Figuration ausgehende Theoriebildung betreiben sollte. Um die Tür zu einem solchen Forschungsprogramm zu öffnen und um das Potenzial dieses Lösungswegs zu veranschaulichen, legt der Autor eine an den Forschungsstil der Grounded Theory angelehnte empirisch generierte Theorie urbaner Diversitätsbewältigung vor, die von der sozialen Figur des „Flairneurs“ ausgeht. Seine Analyse basiert auf Daten, die durch teilnehmende Beobachtungen, Gruppen- und Experteninterviews sowie problemzentrierte Interviews, aber auch durch statistische Erhebungen generiert und im Rahmen einer komparativen Städtestudie erhoben wurden.
Was ist Dein Replicandum?
Authors: Esser Hartmut , Seuring Julian
Published: August 2023

Der Beitrag entgegnet der Kritik und Replikation der Studie von Esser und Seuring (2020) zu den Effekten der Stringenz der Leistungsdifferenzierung in den deutschen Bundesländern bei Heisig und Matthewes (2022). Es wird gezeigt wie Modifikationen bei Analysezielen und Analysestrategien gegen die theoretische Grundlage des Originalansatzes die Befunde verändern und zu unterschiedlichen Folgerungen über die Effekte führen können. Das wird an drei Punkten besonders deutlich: 1) Die Annahme einer Äquivalenz von kognitiven Fähigkeiten und schulischen Leistungen und den damit verbundenen Problemen bei den Analysen, 2) die Änderung des zentralen empirischen Estimandums: die im theoretischen Modell implizierte Dreifach-Interaktion von Stringenz, kognitivem Niveau und kognitiver Homogenität, und 3) die Anwendung eines spezifischen Vorgehens bei der Aggregation der Indikatoren für die Klassenkomposition. Re-Analysen zeigen, dass unter Beibehaltung des zentralen Estimandums auch die vorgeschlagenen Modifikationen kaum etwas an den Kernbefunden ändern. Dies untermauert zum einen die Robustheit der Befunde des Originalbeitrags und verdeutlicht zum anderen die Notwendigkeit auch bei Replikationen die ursprünglichen Analyseziele und theoretischen Hintergründe zu berücksichtigen. Ausführlichere Antworten auch zu den weiteren Einwänden sowie die Re-Analyse finden sich in einem Online-Anhang zu diesem Beitrag.
Die intergenerationale Transmission von Scheidung im zeitlichen Wandel. Eine Meta-Analyse mit gepoolten Originaldaten
Authors: Schulz Sonja
Published: August 2023

Diese Studie analysiert anhand einer Datenkumulation von mehr als 37.000 Erstehen aus verschiedenen deutschen Umfrageprogrammen, ob sich die intergenerationale Transmission von Scheidung in Ost- und Westdeutschland im Kohortenvergleich gewandelt hat. Die Studie ist in der Lage, frühere Ergebnisse zur Scheidungstransmission über verschiedene deutsche Datenquellen hinweg zu replizieren. In Bezug auf zeitliche Veränderungen sprechen die Ergebnisse jedoch hauptsächlich für eine Stabilität der Scheidungstransmission in Ost- und Westdeutschland. Dieser Befund ändert sich nicht, wenn man für das relative Heiratsalter kontrolliert und berücksichtigt, dass Scheidungskinder möglicherweise zunehmend dazu neigen, andere Lebensformen anstelle der Ehe zu wählen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie werden im Hinblick auf verschiedene theoretische Argumente für Veränderungen in der Scheidungstransmission diskutiert.
Zeolite-Like Warm-Mix Asphalt Additive: Dosage Optimization Based on Asphalt Binder Characterization
Authors: Mattaparthi Sri Gangadhar , Vootkuri Nikitha , Biligiri Krishna Prapoorna
Published: August 2023

The major objective of this research was to augment the temperature reduction characteristics of the recently developed sodium aluminate tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide montmorillonite (STEAM) warm-mix asphalt (WMA) additive by optimizing 8 dosages of 20 STEAM variants mixed with one viscosity graded-30 base asphalt binder. As the first step in the optimization process, a series of molar combinations of sodium aluminate and tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide were blended with constant concentrations of weights of montmorillonite (MMT) and water. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy test was performed on all the 20 STEAM variants to derive the hydroxyl functional groups and understand if they have potential in reducing the mixing and compaction temperatures of the STEAM-modified asphalt binder. The FTIR results indeed indicated that hydroxyl bonds increased with increasing MMT content, as a consequence of MMT releasing itself when mixed with the base asphalt binder. Next, the STEAM additives were mixed with the base binder at 8 dosages with 2 molar ratios covering 20 STEAM-modified asphalt binders on which penetration, softening point, and rotational viscosity tests were performed mainly to establish the ASTM Ai-VTSi relationships. Depending on the combination of molar ratio and dosages, the STEAM-modified asphalt binders demonstrated a decrease of about 3°C–8°C of mixing and compaction temperatures. Furthermore, the STEAM additive that exhibited highest reduction in mixing temperature was blended with dense-graded aggregate gradation to produce a STEAM-modified asphalt mix, which reduced the production temperature by 10°C based on the equivalent mixture performance criterion while also demonstrating stiffness performance similar to that of a control mix. Overall, the optimized indigenous STEAM WMA additives proved to be water-containing, zeolite-like products that have immense capacity in minimizing the working temperatures, albeit further studies should focus on tapping the full potentiality of several STEAM combinations to render the products as globally acceptable “green” paving materials.
Deconvoluting gene and environment interactions to develop an “epigenetic score meter” of disease
Authors: Butera Alessio , Smirnova Lena , Ferrando‐May Elisa , Hartung Thomas , Brunner Thomas , Leist Marcel , Amelio Ivano
Published: August 2023

Human health is determined both by genetics (G) and environment (E). This is clearly illustrated in groups of individuals who are exposed to the same environmental factor showing differential responses. A quantitative measure of the gene–environment interactions (GxE) effects has not been developed and in some instances, a clear consensus on the concept has not even been reached; for example, whether cancer is predominantly emerging from “bad luck” or “bad lifestyle” is still debated. In this article, we provide a panel of examples of GxE interaction as drivers of pathogenesis. We highlight how epigenetic regulations can represent a common connecting aspect of the molecular bases. Our argument converges on the concept that the GxE is recorded in the cellular epigenome, which might represent the key to deconvolute these multidimensional intricated layers of regulation. Developing a key to decode this epigenetic information would provide quantitative measures of disease risk. Analogously to the epigenetic clock introduced to estimate biological age, we provocatively propose the theoretical concept of an “epigenetic score‐meter” to estimate disease risk.
Criminalization of Pedophilia in Indonesia: A Legal Reform to Protect Children (Comparative Case of Indonesian and India)
Authors: Zennifa Fadila , Rusli Mohd Hazmi Bin Mohd , Maryani Indah
Published: August 2023

The term pedophilia was coined by the American Psychiatric Association (APA), pedophilia is listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-5) as a mental disorder class of paraphilia a sexual attraction to an object or subject that is not natural. Pedophilia as a psychosexual disorder i.e. individuals with abnormal erotic desire in children. The purpose of this study is to compare the regulation of child protection from pedophilia crimes in Indonesia and India and its prevention so that it can be a reference in Indonesian legal reform. The type of research used in this study is normative research. The results showed that from a legal point of view there is no specific regulation regarding pedophilia crimes, but pedophilia crimes are associated in the form of sexual abuse in children to sexual violence in children. In terms of legislation, India has established a special law on the protection of children from sexual offenses, namely the Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses Act in 2012 (POCSO), in Indonesia has also been passed Law No. 1 of 2022 concerning Sexual Violence. Pedophilia as a psychiatric disorder, so it must be viewed not only as a crime but also a disease that must be cured therefore for the prevention of pedophilia a medical role is needed as in India there is a Program For Primary Prevention of Sexual Violence (PPPSV) that can be accessed for those who feel they have a sexual interest in children
Elimination of Justice Collaborator Requirements in Granting Remissions for Corruptors in Indonesia: Progress or Setback in Legal Reform?
Authors: Maulana Adi , Zainurohmah Zainurohmah
Published: August 2023

Crime is an unfortunate and widespread issue in society, necessitating efforts to address it through the criminal justice system. The final step in this system involves implementing the judge's decision through the penitentiary. The rights of convicts, including the right to remission for convicts of corruption, are safeguarded by Law Number 22 of 2022 concerning Corrections. However, there has been a significant change in the requirements for obtaining remission for convicts of corruption following the issuance of Indonesian Supreme Court Decision Number 28 P/HUM/2021. This decision has led to legal reform in Indonesia, particularly concerning the conditions for granting remissions, as the requirements for justice collaborators for convicts of corruption are no longer applicable. The research conducted on this subject utilized a normative juridical method with a statutory approach. The study's findings highlight a transformative shift in Indonesia's prison system, which has evolved from a punitive-oriented approach to a more rehabilitative and correctional system. This new approach emphasizes coaching programs that focus on convicts' rights and aims to integrate them back into society successfully. As a result of these changes, the prison system now seeks not only to punish criminals but also to facilitate their recovery and improvement during their incarceration. The ultimate goal is to enable convicts to reintegrate into society positively and contribute meaningfully once their sentences are completed.
Production of biodegradable composite plates from cross-linked starch and cellulosic fibers
Authors: Köselerli Sebahir Ülpki , Gücüş Mehmet Onurhan , Uslu Mustafa Kemal
Published: August 2023

Plastic used in food packaging causes permanent damage to living things. Therefore, biodegradable packaging has gained importance. In this study, biodegradable composite plates made from cross-linked wheat starch and cellulose-based fibers were examined for their physical and mechanical properties. The mechanical and physical properties were significantly altered when the obtained composite plates were examined. According to texture analysis, the plate with the lowest brittleness and with the highest crushing toughness value was produced from 7% carboxymethylcellulose. The densities of the composite plates obtained from cross-linked wheat starch were found to be 0.171 g/cm³, and their densities were found to be lower than the composite plates produced from natural wheat starch. It was determined that the plate with the highest water resistance was produced from 7% carboxymethyl cellulose. Added cellulosic fibers (commercial cellulose, linter fiber, hemp fiber) reduced moisture absorption from the air, reducing the average moisture content to 8.71. All of the plates produced with 7% linter fiber, which has the lowest moisture content, completely disappeared from nature within 40 days.
E-TRUST AND E-SERVICES FOR THE HALAL PRODUCT IN JAPAN
Authors: ELSANDRA YESI , AZMAN HERU AULIA , YULIYANTO ARDHIAN AGUNG
Published: August 2023

The aim of the research is to describe the halal product among Muslim communities in Japan. Japan provides many facilities to serve halal food in Japan to show enthusiasm become a world role model of halal products. The Muslim community in Japan practices online transactions between them and they bought halal products in e-commerce by word of mouth. Most of the halal products in Japan are imported from Muslim countries. For the Indonesian Muslim community in Japan, e- trust becomes an important instrument for deciding to buy online halal products. Descriptive qualitative research is conducted to describe the fact, conditions, and phenomena regarding the halal industry in Japan. The result shows that the Muslim community in Japan needs the availability of halal products and services. E-trust and e-services to a halal online store became an important role to influence the Muslim community in Japan in making transactions.
PROFITABILITY OF ISLAMIC BANKS: EVIDENCE FROM SHARIA BUSINESS UNIT OF BANK NAGARI
Authors: RIZAL RIZAL , DAVID DAVID , SHABRI HUSNI , AMRAN ELSA FITRI
Published: August 2023

This study aims to analyze the effect of Total Assets, Non Performing Financing, Financing to Deposit Ratio and Profit Sharing Financing on Return on Assets of Sharia Business Unit of Bank Nagari as Regional Government Bank West Sumatra Province. This type of research is associative research with a quantitative approach. The data analysis technique used ordinal logistic regression model of proportional odds. The results show that partially Non Performing Financing has a negative and significant effect on Return on Assets, Financing to Deposit Ratio has a positive and significant effect on Return on Assets, Total Assets and Profit Sharing Financing has no effect on Return on Assets of Unit Usaha Syariah Bank Nagari. Meanwhile, simultaneously Total Assets, Non-Performing Financing, Financing to Deposit Ratio and Profit Sharing Financing are only able to affect Return on Assets of 41.4%, the rest is influenced by other variables. The research outcomes will be invaluable to Islamic Bank aiming to improve Return on Asset that a decrease in the value of the Non Performing Financing ratio and an increase in the value of the Financing to Deposit Ratio.
Characterization of phosphate wastes of Djebel Onk mining complex for a sustainable environmental management
Authors: Salhi Rachid , Nettour Djamel , Chettibi Mohamed , Gherbi Cherif , Benselhoub Aissa , Bellucci Stefano
Published: August 2023

The objects of the research are phosphate ore rejections – industrial waste resulting from the treatment of phosphate ore by different processes (particle size separation, calcination, physicochemical process, electrostatically process, etc.). These discharges are generally stored in specially constructed sedimentation ponds. However, its storage for a long period leads to serious environmental problems because they contain heavy and radioactive metals that affect nearby communities. They contaminate groundwater and surface water through the infiltration of caustic solution laden with rare metals. To remedy these environmental disasters and manage these concerns, it is necessary to upgrade the discharges from the Djebel Onk complex and give an added value to the national economy. The start-up of the Djebel El Onk phosphate complex, in the province of Tebessa was in 1965, since that date, all the waste resulting from the beneficiation process has been dumped in the valley adjacent to the complex without any treatment or recycling, it should be noted that the Djebel Onk phosphate complex generates huge quantities of phosphate sludge (more than 4000 tons per day). This waste is relatively rich in useful substance. The results of chemical analyzes reveal that these sludge’s contain around 20.2 % of phosphate (P2O5) with the presence of different heavy metals such as Uranium, Cadmium, Zinc, Copper, and Arsenic etc. Those metals threaten life of local residents and affects vegetation, livestock in nearby populated areas. However, this work systematically reviews the mineralogical and chemical characterization of the phosphate sludge rejected by the Djebel Onk treatment complex to develop a suitable method for their revaluation. In our work, in this viable environmental perspective, we try to highlight the use of wastes as an alternative raw material in building materials. The impact of heavy metals on the environment and health is determined by the chemical species, concentration, bioavailability and transport through food chains, unless they are released into nature due to the consequences harm they create. Certain elements, such as mercury, lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, etc., have no function in maintaining body balance and are immediately dangerous.
Development of assessment and forecasting techniques using fuzzy cognitive maps
Authors: Shyshatskyi Andrii , Sova Oleg , Stasiuk Tetiana , Andronov Vitalii , Nalapko Oleksii , Protas Nadiia , Pris Gennady , Lazuta Roman , Kovalenko Illia , Kovalchuk Bohdan
Published: August 2023

Nowadays, no state in the world is able to work on the creation and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in isolation from others. AI technologies are used to solve general and highly specialized tasks in various spheres of society. In the process of assessing (identifying) the state of complex objects and objects of management analysis, there is a high degree of a priori uncertainty regarding their state and a small amount of initial data describing them. At the same time, despite the huge amount of information, the degree of non-linearity, illogicality and noisy data is increasing. That is why the issue of improving the efficiency of assessing the condition of components and objects is an important issue. Thus, the objects of analysis were chosen as the research object. The subject of research is the identification and forecasting of the analysis object.
In the research, the evaluation and forecasting method was developed using fuzzy cognitive maps. The features of the proposed method are:
‒ taking into account the degree of uncertainty about the object state while calculating the correction factor;
‒ adding a correction factor for data noise as a result of distortion of information about the object state;
‒ reduction of computing costs while assessing the object state;
‒ creation of a multi-level and interconnected description of hierarchical objects;
‒ correction of the description of the object as a result of a change in its current state using a genetic algorithm;
‒ the possibility of performing calculations with source data that are different in nature and units of measurement.
It is advisable to implement the proposed method in specialized software, which is used to analyze the state of complex technical systems and while making decisions.
Influence of leader to strategy formation process in enterprise
Authors: Zorgach Alona
Published: August 2023

The dynamic change in the external environment of Ukrainian enterprises in recent years is characterized by the deterioration of the conditions for the functioning of organizations. Quarantine measures caused by the COVID-19 epidemic have changed the usual conditions of business activity. The military aggression of the russian federation against Ukraine destroys the best strategies and development projects of enterprises. Unpredictable conditions of business functioning in modern conditions require managers to adapt the existing strategy of enterprise development or create a new actual strategy of enterprise functioning in conditions of economic crisis.
The personal characteristics of the leader, which directly affect the process of developing the company's development strategy, were chosen as the object of the study. Positive and negative characteristics aimed at understanding the leader's actions, the leader's making of impulsive or measured decisions and their consequences were studied.
The work reveals the influence of the leader on the process of forming the company's strategy. In the course of the study, the interpretation of the concepts of «strategic thinking» and «strategic planning», «leadership» and «management» by scientists is given. Common and different between them are established. A number of features that can be used to determine a manager's effectiveness are identified, namely: the manager's personal characteristics, the main organizational factors of managerial effectiveness, and a number of limitations that prevent the full realization of all the manager's personal capabilities.
The key elements of the manager's high efficiency pyramid are analyzed. Two principles of maintaining the state of ideal work productivity of the leader are given. Four types of personal shortcomings of the leader and their impact on the process of strategy formation are presented. Mitigating actions to overcome personal shortcomings of leaders are identified.
The obtained results can be used in the process of forming an enterprise development strategy based on the leader's personal characteristics and the leader's behavior model.
Low-gluten shortbread enriched with sweet potato powder (Ipomoea batatas var. Portu Orange): quality and texture indicators
Authors: Bordunova Olha , Golovko Tetyana , Golovko Mykola , Samokhina Yevheniia , Vasilenko Olha , Prymenko Vladyslav , Bolgova Natalia , Koshel Olena , Oliinyk Daria
Published: August 2023

The chemical composition of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas var. Portu Orange), grown in Ukraine, was studied to determine its potential in shortbread technology. Portu Orange sweet potato has a high content of starch (11.2 %), natural sugars (4.7 %), dietary fiber (3.8 %) and food pigments. To obtain the highest quality characteristics and preserve the antioxidant properties of sweet potato during drying, an innovative microwave vacuum drying method was used. This allowed us to produce Portu Orange sweet potato powder with a high content of starch (43 %), natural sugars (18 %), dietary fibre (14.6 %) and preservation of food colouring properties. According to organoleptic parameters, Portu Orange sweet potato has an orange color, which was formed with a combination of anthocyanin pigmentation of the skin (orange) and β-carotene pigmentation of the flesh (light orange). In shortbread technology, Portu Orange sweet potato is used in powder form, which is an alternative to starch, sugar, orange food colorings, gluten-containing cereals and egg products. Portu Orange sweet potato powder was added to the shortbread recipe in the amount of 38 % to completely replace sugar and chicken eggs. The wheat flour in the recipe was replaced by 80 % low-gluten wheat flour and 20 % sweet potato powder. Compared to regular shortbread, the protein content increased by 24.3 % to 9.2 g/100 g, the dietary fiber content increased by 74.6 % to 10.3 g/100 g, and the ash content increased by 155.6 % to 2.3 g/100 g. The fat content of shortbread with sweet potato powder was reduced by 7.5 %, the carbohydrate content was reduced by 11.5 % and the energy value was reduced by 8 % to 407.8 kcal/100 g. Texture parameters were improved, making shortbread with sweet potato powder less hard, the hardness was reduced by 48 %, but at the same time the fracturability indicators were maintained, the fracturability was reduced by only 2 %, compared to the regular shortbread, which made it more acceptable to consumers. The obtained changes in the nutritional value of the shortbread, the improvement of the texture, the reduction of the gluten content and the presence of a high amount of biologically active substances confirm the effectiveness of using Portu Orange sweet potato powder for dietary low-gluten nutrition.
Management of green investment of countries in terms of their technological development
Authors: Taraniuk Leonid , Korsakiene Renata , Taraniuk Karina
Published: August 2023

In the conditions of technological development and informatization of social relations, the formation of effective organizational support for the processes of investing in green technologies is becoming more and more actualized. The object of the research is the management processes of green investment of the countries of the world by various stakeholders in the conditions of increasing movement and development of productive forces towards Industries 4.0 and 5.0. Among the problems that need to be solved, the following should be noted:
– low level of management decision-making and implementation of green investment in countries with transition economies and developing countries;
– high level of divergence in technological development among the countries of the world in the system of technological structures.
Effective organizational and economic support for green investment at the level of the state, investor, manufacturer, and client should be included among the tools for solving these problems. A comparative analysis of green investment of the countries of the world was carried out. The factors of positive and negative impact on the green investment management process in countries with different levels of economy and technological development were formed. Modern trends in the development of green investment were investigated. The effects of the implementation of green technologies by companies of the world were noted. The benchmarking approach has been improved, with regard to the selection of constituent countries-leaders, which can be used in the management of green investments. The criterion indicators of the SWOT analysis of the green investment management system were formed on the example of the innovative project of the university. The necessary conclusions have been drawn based on the research results.
The obtained results are explained by the possibility of their application in the system of implementation of projects and programs regarding investment in green technologies (solar stations, wind stations, sewage treatment system, landscaping and greening of territories, geothermal energy). Practical implementation is possible in various countries of the world under the conditions of sustainable technological development from Industry 3.0 to Industry 5.0.
Ensuring the operational-technological characteristics of the new design solution of the sucker-rod pumping unit
Authors: Ahmedov Beyali , Khalilov Isa , Hajiyev Anar
Published: August 2023

In Azerbaijan oil production is carried out both in the offshore and onshore. Offshore production is carried out on special platforms, while the onshore exploitation carried out directly by a mechanized method. Thus, the object of study is downhole pumps, which consist of a surface mechanical transmission and downhole equipment. For direct mechanization of ground equipment, a device called rocking machine is used, consisting of transmission and converting mechanisms. The main task of the rocking machine is to ensure the conversion of the rotational motion of the engine into the up and down stroke of the plunger of the pump. The downhole equipment includes rods column that lift liquid from the well, a cylinder and a plunger. However, the existing classic rocking machines have some advantages as well as some disadvantages. In order to overcome them, developed new design solution of the sucker-rod pumping unit, which consisting of a crank-rope-movable counterweight system has been designed. As a result of the research carried out in the article, a progressive expression was proposed for determining the strength condition of the rods column, which is one of the main working elements of the rocking machine. Then, in order to specify the wells in which the rocking machine can be applied, the statement regarding the determination of the value of the linear density of liquid column based on the strength condition of the rod column was put forward. These, in turn, can be determined in which oil wells with specific physical characteristics of the rocking machine with the given technical characteristics can be applied. All this can contribute to the prevention of accidents that may occur due to the breakage of the rods column of rocking machine. The formula proposed in this paper can be applied not only to the existing classic rocking machines, but also to other new design of rocking machines.
Consideration of the peculiarities of analyzing financial transactions subject to financial monitoring in times of war
Authors: Vovchak Olha , Yendorenko Liubov
Published: August 2023

The object of the research is the financial transactions that are subject to financial monitoring. Today, financial monitoring is an integral part of the activities of Ukrainian banks, especially during the period of martial law, since it is through banks that the process of laundering proceeds from crime most often occurs.

The article discusses the peculiarities of analyzing financial transactions subject to financial monitoring in wartime. In particular, the author outlines the trends in the banking system. Given the current challenges, in particular, martial law in Ukraine, the author analyzes the dynamics of submission by banks of reports on financial transactions subject to financial monitoring, including in terms of financial monitoring features, and investigates the factors that affect their number. A forecast of the volume of reports is made. The author analyzes the recommendations of the State Financial Monitoring Service of Ukraine (SFMS), which contribute to the improvement of customer service processes in banks in order to counteract money laundering and terrorist financing. The authors also provide the main tools used for money laundering, terrorist financing, etc. during the war. The author describes the impact of money laundering and terrorist financing on the financial security of the state.

The military aggression of the russian federation against Ukraine has had a significant impact on money laundering, terrorist financing, and the financing of the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. Due to untimely/non-operational or inefficient/poor quality analysis and appropriate response of banks to financial transactions that are subject to financial monitoring, this direction in the activities of banks requires special attention. In the current situation, there are new challenges and threats that have signs of criminal acts and fraud:

– financing of war and terrorism/separatism; laundering the proceeds of corruption;

– embezzlement of budget funds and funds of state enterprises;

– laundering of proceeds from crimes related to fraudulent acquisition of funds of citizens and legal entities by deception, including under the guise of assistance to the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

The authors propose to improve the legislative and regulatory acts in the field of financial monitoring and to introduce penalties for bank employees for improper performance of their duties at the legislative level. The authors also focus on the proper automation of processes in banks.