bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: Second-line Therapies
Authors: Traboulsi Samer L , Saad Fred
Published: January 2021

Until 2010, the only approved life-prolonging treatment in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) was docetaxel. Since 2010, abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, and cabazitaxel have demonstrated overall survival (OS) benefits in the postdocetaxel setting. The COU-AA-301 trial showed an OS advantage with abiraterone acetate plus prednisone compared with placebo plus prednisone. A superior OS was also seen in the AFFIRM trial that compared enzalutamide with placebo and in the TROPIC trial that compared cabazitaxel plus prednisone with mitoxantrone plus prednisone Radium-223 dichloride has also been approved based on the ALSYMPCA trial for symptomatic patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) metastatic to bone only. Optimal sequencing of approved therapies remains controversial. In this chapter, we will review the approved agents in second-line treatment of CRPC and discuss the sequencing options.
This review contains 4 figures, 5 tables, and 57 references.
Key Words: abiraterone acetate, cabazitaxel, castration-resistant, docetaxel, enzalutamide, MDV 3100, prostatic neoplasms, radium-223 dichloride, sequencing of therapy
Erectile Dysfunction: Epidemiology, Physiology, and Etiologies
Authors: Fainberg Jonathan , Kashanian James A
Published: January 2021

ED is defined as the consistent inability to achieve or maintain an erection adequate for sexual activity. It is a widely prevalent disease, affecting approximately 20 million men in the United States alone. ED rates increase as men get older; however, ED is not necessarily a normal part of aging. Early-onset ED has been a predictor of underlying cardiovascular diseases, and most clinicians now advocate for a cardiology evaluation in men with new-onset organic ED. The most common etiology of ED is a vascular disease; however, ED can be caused by diabetes, endocrinopathies, medications, chronic illness, and trauma. Psychogenic causes of ED are also common. Physiology of the penile erection is complicated; however, its comprehensive understanding is imperative to enable a proper etiologic diagnosis of ED. Blood supply to the penis originates from the hypogastric arterial system, and nitric oxide is the primary neurotransmitter involved in penile erections. The epidemiology, physiology, and etiologies of erectile dysfunction are discussed in detail in this chapter.
This review contains 1 figure, 2 tables, and 50 references.
Key Words: causes of erectile dysfunction, epidemiology of erectile dysfunction, erectile dysfunction, nitric oxide, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, physiology of the penile erection, psychogenic erectile dysfunction, sexual dysfunction, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, detumescence.
Disorders of Water and Sodium Balance: Hypernatremia
Authors: Carmona Matos Danilea M. , Chen Herbert
Published: January 2021

Hypernatremia is an electrolyte disorder most prevalent in the elderly and the critically ill, with over 60% of cases developing over the course of an inpatient stay. Characterized by elevated serum sodium concentrations, this disorder is manifested either by pure-water loss without replacement, or excessive sodium intake without appropriate water balance. Left untreated it may lead to seizures and coma. General treatment in the case of severe hypernatremia is infusion of isotonic saline followed by pure-water after the patient is stabilized. Further treatment of the underlying cause may involve diuretics, thiazides, and a variety of other medications in conjunction with dietary and lifestyle modifications. This review offers an overview of various disorders of water balance: diabetes insipidus, nephrotic syndrome, cirrhosis, idiopathic edema, and volume depletion, as well as their clinical presentations, lab tests, and management.
This review contains 1 figure, 1 table, and 25 references.
Key words: Hypernatremia, Edematous States , Diabetes insipidus, Volume Depletion, Cirrhosis, Diuretics
Comparison of two survey instruments measuring quality of life in pediatric dentofacial patients
Authors: Carlotto Alan , Shanker Shiva , Beck F. Michael , Firestone Allen
Published: January 2021

Objectives

(1) To assess the effectiveness of the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ) and the Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) to detect differences in Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) between pediatric patients with dentofacial deformities and controls. (2) To assess for correlations between scores from the OQLQ and COHIP domains with the type and severity of the skeletal mal-relationship. (3) To assess if the COHIP and OQLQ were identifying unique or overlapping OHRQoL concerns.

Materials and Methods

Subjects were under age 18, presented with a dentofacial deformity, and completed both surveys. Matched controls completed the same. Severity for conditions was recorded via overjet, overbite, and ANB values and subjects were classified as skeletal Class I, II, or III.

Results

Enrollment yielded 30 subjects and 31 controls. For the OQLQ, significant differences between subjects and controls were found for the Facial Esthetics domain, Oral Function domain, and total score. For the COHIP, significant differences were found for the Social/Emotional Well-Being and Self-Image domains plus total score. There were no significant correlations between the severity of the condition as measured by overjet and reported OHRQoL for any domains.

Conclusions

The OQLQ and COHIP are effective at detecting significant OHRQoL differences between pediatric patients with dentofacial deformities and controls. Although there is some overlap in the results, the instruments appear to identify different OHRQoL concerns.
SGLT2 Inhibition Does Not Affect Myocardial Fatty Acid Oxidation or Uptake, But Reduces Myocardial Glucose Uptake and Blood Flow in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes– a Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial
Authors: Lauritsen Katrine M. , Nielsen Bent R.R. , Tolbod Lars P. , Johannsen Mogens , Hansen Jakob , Hansen Troels K. , Wiggers Henrik , Møller Niels , Gormsen Lars C. , Søndergaard Esben
Published: January 2021

Sodium-glucose
cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibition reduces cardiovascular morbidity and
mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Beneficial effects have been
attributed to increased ketogenesis, reduced cardiac fatty acid oxidation and
diminished cardiac oxygen consumption. We therefore studied whether SGLT2
inhibition altered cardiac oxidative substrate consumption, efficiency, and
perfusion.

13 individuals with
type 2 diabetes were studied after four weeks treatment with empagliflozin and
placebo in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. Myocardial
palmitate and glucose uptake were measured with 11C-palmitate and 18F-FDG
PET/CT. Oxygen consumption and myocardial external efficiency (MEE) were
measured with 11C-acetate PET/CT. Resting and adenosine stress myocardial
blood flow (MBF) and myocardial flow reserve (MFR) were measured using 15O-H2O
PET/CT.

Empagliflozin did not
affect myocardial FFA uptake but reduced myocardial glucose uptake by 57% (p<0.001).
Empagliflozin did not change myocardial oxygen consumption or MEE. Empagliflozin
reduced resting MBF by 13% (p<0.01), but did not significantly affect stress
MBF or MFR.

In conclusion, SGLT2
inhibition did not affect myocardial FFA uptake, but channeled myocardial
substrate utilization from glucose towards other sources and reduced resting
MBF. However, the observed metabolic and hemodynamic changes were modest and
most likely contribute only partially to the cardioprotective effect of SGLT2
inhibition.
A study on laser keyhole welding in vacuum by computational fluid dynamics simulations with plume effect models
Authors: Han Sang-Woo , Cho Won-Ik , Zhang Lin-Jie , Na Suck-Joo
Published: January 2021

A vacuum environment results in a deep penetration depth in laser keyhole welding. In this study, the numerical simulations of laser keyhole welding in various vacuum conditions were performed with consideration for multiphysics phenomena. To consider the vacuum environment in numerical simulations, a modified recoil pressure model with the change in pressure and vaporization temperature according to ambient pressure and a laser power attenuation model by scattering and absorption due to the nanoparticles in the laser-induced plume was considered. For the scattering and absorption calculations, artificial coefficients obtained for a 1 atm condition were used, and then the coefficients in the other pressure conditions were calculated under assumptions suggested in this study. The simulation results using the models based on the assumptions could depict a deeper penetration in vacuum conditions considered in this study, and they were in good agreement with the experimental results in terms of weld cross section.
Розроблення мультимедійної системи з елементами ігрових задач
Authors:   Національний університет „Львівська політехніка”, Кинаш Юрій , Лозовицька Ірина ,   Національний університет „Львівська політехніка”, Мищишин Володимир ,   Національний університет „Львівська політехніка”
Published: January 2021

To develop a multimedia system using elements of gamification in teaching, the meaning of the concept of "gamification" is studied and the main elements used for gamification in the educational process are identified. The developed software solution for learning a foreign language with elements of gamification will improve the learning process of apprentices.
Розроблення системи для підбору фільмів з використанням клієнт-серверної архітектури
Authors:   Національний університет „Львівська політехніка”, Чолкан Роман , Кинаш Юрій ,   Національний університет „Львівська політехніка”, Різник Олег ,   Національний університет „Львівська політехніка”, Вітер Олександр ,   Національний університет „Львівська політехніка”, Мищишин Володимир ,   Національний університет „Львівська політехніка”
Published: January 2021

The system for searching movies based on their parameters has been developed. C # 7 programming language based on WPF framework and Json, LinQ, .NET and XAML technology is used. Shell and quick sorting algorithms and binary search are used to speed up information processing. Using the developed system will save time when selecting films according to certain criteria.
Використання автоматичної сегментації з допомогою гармонічного поля для розпізнавання образу зубів у щелепі
Authors:   Національний університет „Львівська політехніка”, Войченко Михайло , Татарин Василь ,   Національний університет „Львівська політехніка”
Published: January 2021

An important preliminary procedure in automated orthodontics is the precise segmentation of the teeth from the 3D model of the jaw, which should include as few manual operations as possible. Motivated by ultramodern general methods of mesh segmentation, which have adopted the theory of harmonic field to identify segments, this article investigates a new, aimed at dentistry structure of dental mesh segmentation. Thanks to a specially designed weighing scheme and a priori knowledge strategy for managing harmonic constraints, this method can effectively determine the boundaries of the teeth.
Comparative Analysis of Nigeria and Malaysia’s Production Sharing Contract (PSC)
Authors: Ola Victor D. , Amadi Azubuike H. , Okeke Raphael , Okafor Paul O.
Published: January 2021

The oil and gas industry is governed by policies with the aim of smoothening the business relationship between the Government, the International Oil Companies (IOC’s) and the Host communities. Different oil producing countries have their own laws governing petroleum activities and these laws vary from country to country based on the B-PEST factors which are Biological, Political, Environmental, Social and Technology. However, reserve size and oil type can also influence petroleum laws. Countries like Nigeria relies strongly on petroleum bills such as the PIB in which this research will be analyzing the Production Sharing Contract (PSC) which is a significant subset of the PIB. Comparison between the existing PSC of Malaysia and that of Nigeria was captured in this research and the analysis of the PSC was done based on the Government Take, National Oil Company (NOC) and the Contractor’s benefits. 26.67% and 56.58% recovery cost, 28.67% and 26.28% Government revenue, 23.14% and 7.64% NOC share, 21.52% and 9.50% Contractor share of revenue per barrel was arrived at for Malaysia and Nigeria respectively, showing that the Malaysian PSC model yields more income to the country when compared to that of Nigeria without necessarily short-changing the contractors or the IOCs. Finally, the reasons behind these deficits were highlighted and recommendations made to improve the PSC and benefits for all parties to the contractual agreements.
Spontaneous Intra-leiomyoma Hemorrhage during Second Trimester of Pregnancy
Authors: Mun Khong Jac , Nusee Zalina , Tahar Riduan
Published: January 2021

Uterine fibroid affects 0.3-2.6% of pregnant women and it is usually asymptomatic during pregnancy [1]. In about 10% of these patients will have complications such as miscarriage, fetal malpresentation, premature rupture of membranes, placenta abruptio, preterm delivery, abdominal pain due to fibroid torsion or degeneration [2]. Bleeding into the uterine fibroid is extremely rare and patient can present with acute abdomen [11]. Up to date, there were only two cases reported and both occur in postpartum period. We present a case of a pregnant woman with huge uterine fibroid with spontaneous intra-leiomyoma bleeding causing hypovolemic shock at 22 weeks of gestation. Because of failure of conservative management, we performed fibroid resection at 22 weeks of gestation with preservation of the pregnancy.
IMPLEMENTASI VARIASI METODE KUMON PADA KOMPETENSI DASAR GAYA ANTAR MOLEKUL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR KIMIA SISWA KELAS XI IPA-1 SMA NEGERI 1 SIBOLGA
Authors: . Harianto
Published: January 2021

Abstrak: Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa melalui variasi Metode Kumon pada mata pelajaran kimia materi Gaya Antar Molekul di kelas XI IPA-1 SMA Negeri 1 Sibolga . Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Subjek dalam peneltian ini adalah siswa di kelas XI IPA-1 yang berjumlah 41 orang. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan variasi metode Kumon pada mata pelajaran kimia materi Gaya Antar Molekul di kelas XI IPA-1 menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Dari hasil pre-test diperoleh ketuntasan belajar 41,46% dengan nilai rata-rata kelas 53,41. Setelah dilaksanakan Siklus I diperoleh ketuntasan belajar sebesar 63,42% dengan nilai rata-rata kelas 69,02 serta kompetensi guru dalam mengajar sebesar 71,66% (cukup kompeten). Pada Siklus II Ketuntasan belajar meningkat menjadi 90,24% dengan nilai rata-rata kelas 82,20 serta kompetensi guru dalam mengajar sebesar 81,66% (kompeten). Peningkatan hasil belajar dari keadaan awal (pre-test) ke siklus I sebesar 21,96% dan dari siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 26,82%. Kata Kunci: variasi metode kumon, kompetensi dasar gaya antar molekul Abstract: The purpose of this study is to know the improvement of students' learning outcomes through variations of the Kumon Method on chemistry subjects of Inter-Molecular Style in grade XI IPA-1 SMA Negeri 1 Sibolga . The type of research used is Classroom Action Research. The approach in this study is a qualitative approach consisting of two cycles. Subjects in this study are students in class XI IPA-1, amounting to 41 people. The result of the research using variation of Kumon method on chemistry subjects of Inter-Molecular Style in class XI IPA-1 shows an increase in student learning outcomes. From the pre-test results obtained mastery learning 41.46% with grade average grade 53.41. After implemented Cycle I, the learning achievement is 63,42% with the average grade 69,02 and the competence of teacher in teaching equal to 71,66% (enough competent). In the second cycle of learning completeness increased to 90.24% with an average grade of 82.20 and teacher competence in teaching of 81.66% (competent). The increase of learning outcomes from pre-test to cycle I was 21.96% and from cycle I to cycle II was 26.82%. Keywords: variation of kumon method, basic competence of force between molecules
Corporate Social Responsibility for Education
Authors: Nițulescu Lavinia-Maria , Hosu Elena-Alina
Published: January 2021

The present article tackles the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the educational field, from the perspective of the projects achieved in collaboration with the educational institutions and companies and projects focused on the improvement and updating the background of the school units. The necessity to implement projects in the field of education by private companies and public firms is justified by the existence of certain financial deficits in the educational system. The study of documents and of national and international specialised materials in the CSR field reveals the requirement to consult schools in establishing the action directions but also the involvement of the business environment in the adaptation of the educational programs to the needs of the labour market. By means of an inquiry-based questionnaire, applied online to a number of 50 representatives having different levels and profiles within educational institutions in the Western area, both from the rural and the urban environment, we have gathered examples of good practice in assuming the implementation of the social responsibility projects in the field of education, in the Western area of Romania.
Emotional intelligence and its influence on the adaptive skills
of children with hearing disabilities
Authors: Bălaș-Baconschi Cristina , Dobrican Lucreția-Delia
Published: January 2021

As several studies reveal there are strong relationships between emotional intelligence and the academic competences and on the other side, between emotional intelligence and adaptive behavior. The present study aims to demonstrate the relationship between emotional intelligence and adaptive skills, mainly in the social area in children with hearing disabilities. On the other hand, we focused on the relationships that could be established between the type of the disability, the hearing aids and the adaptive skills. Our findings showed that there is no significant correlation between emotional intelligence and adaptive skills and between the adaptive skills in the school setting and the degree of hearing disabilities, as well as the type of prosthesis. These results are there to confirm other findings which emphasize the fact that children with hearing disabilities have about the same social skills as the typically developed and in the same time they have no significant delays regarding the level of socio-emotional adaptability.
Maurice Ravel : Le Tombeau De Couperin – Part II. The Reminiscence of Baroque Dance Forms
Authors: Oláh Boglárka Eszter
Published: January 2021

"According to Alfred Cortot, the suite Le tombeau de Couperin could be divided into two main units. The first part presented in the previous volume of this journal, analyses the structural arch of the suite: the first two and the last part, which uses specific compositional technics of the Baroque era. This second part presents the middle section of the suite, the reminiscence of baroque dance forms, through the three contrasting dances: Forlane, Rigaudon, and Menuet. The fusion between the elements of the French baroque keyboard music and the characteristics of the modern piano music transforms this suite into a real and unique masterpiece. By analyzing the Forlane, the Rigaudon, and the Menuet of the suite we can understand the view of twentieth-century artists on the music of the Baroque era.

Keywords: Ravel, Suite, Baroque, Reminiscence, Baroque dance forms, Piano, Forlane, Rigaudon, Menuet"
IMPLEMENTASI FATWA DEWAN SYARIAH NASIONAL MAJELIS ULAMA INDONESIA (DSN-MUI) NOMOR: 92/DSN-MUI/IV/2014 TERHADAP PEMBIAYAAN PADA PRODUK RAHN (STUDI PADA PEGADAIAN SYARIAH CABANG PALU PLASA)
Authors: Fahmi Nazil , Nasaruddin Nasaruddin , Mubakkirah Fadliah
Published: January 2021

This study aims to provide knowledge and understanding of the implementation of the National Sharia Council Fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) Number: 92 / DSN-MUI / IV / 2014 concerning the financing of rahn products at the Pegadaian Syariah Branch Palu Plasa. This research was designed using descriptive research type, using a qualitative approach in data collection techniques. After the data is collected and passed the data analysis process, a conclusion is drawn using a deductive mindset. The results of this study indicate that the implementation reviewed in the Fatwa rules of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) Number. 92 / DSN-MUI / IV / 2014 has stipulated that the fatwa on Financing accompanied by Rahn in all forms of financing or distribution of funds of Islamic Financial Institutions (LKS) may be guaranteed with collateral (rahn) in accordance with several provisions in the fatwa. So, financing on rahn products run by Pegadaian Syariah Branch Palu Plasa has met the provisions in the fatwa.
ABCB1, CYP2B6, and CYP3A4 genetic polymorphisms do not affect methadone maintenance treatment in HCV-positive patients
Authors: Sutlović Davorka , Ključević Željko , Kuret Sendi
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of ABCB1, CYP2B6, and CYP3A4 genetic polymorphisms on methadone metabolism in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) undergoing methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). The study included 35 participants undergoing MMT, who were divided in three groups: HCV-positive (N=12), HCV-negative (N=16), and HCV clinical remission (CR) (N=7). The concentrations of methadone and its main metabolite 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP) were determined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The patients were genotyped for ABCB1 rs1045642, CYP2B6 rs3745274, CYP3A4 rs2242480, and CYP3A4 rs2740574 polymorphisms. Differences between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes and methadone-to-EDDP ratio were analysed with one-way ANOVA, which showed no significant difference between the genes (p=0.3772 for ABCB1 rs1045642, p=0.6909 for CYP2B6 rs3745274, and p=0.6533 for CYP3A4 rs2242480). None of the four analysed SNP genotypes correlated with methadone-to-EDDP concentration ratio. A major influence on it in hepatitis C-positive patients turned out to be the stage of liver damage.
Cherry laurel fruit extract counters dimethoate-induced reproductive impairment and testicular apoptosis
Authors: Bakır Elçin , Sarıözkan Serpil , Endirlik Burcu Ünlü , Kılıç Ayşe Baldemir , Yay Arzu Hanım , Tan Fazile Cantürk , Eken Ayşe , Türk Gaffari
Published: January 2021

Dimethoate is an organophosphorus pesticide used against agricultural insects, which causes oxidative stress and damage in many organs, including the reproductive ones. Cherry laurel (Laurocerasus officinalis Roem.) fruit is rich in vitamins and phenolic compounds with antioxidant effect. The aim of this study was to investigate how effective its extract would be against dimethoate-induced testis and sperm damage in rats. Sixty animals were divided in six groups of 10. Group 1 (control) received only 1 mL of saline (0.9 % NaCl). Group 2 received 7 mg/kg of dimethoate in 1 mL of saline. Group 3 received 4 mg/kg of extract in 1 mL of saline. Group 4 received the extract 30 min before dimethoate administration. Group 5 received vitamin C (positive control, 100 mg/kg in 1 mL of saline) 30 min before dimethoate administration. Group 6 received only dimethoate for the first four weeks and then a combination of dimethoate and extract for another four weeks. All doses were administered daily by oral gavage. After eight weeks of treatment, the rats were euthanised and their reproductive organs removed. We took their body and reproductive organ weights and evaluated testicular oxidative stress, semen characteristics, sperm DNA damage, testicular apoptosis, and histopathological changes. Dimethoate significantly decreased body and reproductive organ weights, sperm motility and concentration, testicular superoxide dismutase, and glutathione-peroxidase activities and significantly increased lipid peroxidation, abnormal sperm rate, sperm DNA damage, testicular apoptosis, and caused histopathological lesions. Cherry laurel extract significantly countered many dimethoate-induced adverse effects, both as pre- and post-treatment, including reproductive organ weight, semen parameters, oxidant-antioxidant balance, sperm DNA integrity, testicular apoptosis, and histological structure. Our findings clearly suggest that the beneficial effects of the extract are associated with countering oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation in particular.
Karakter Morfologi dan Analisis Daerah Conserved Gen Elongation Factor 1? (EF1?) pada Lepidotrigona terminata
Authors: Suprianto Suprianto , Trianto Manap , Alam Nur , Kirana Ni Gusti Ayu Galuh Candra
Published: January 2021

Lepidotrigona terminata merupakan salah satu lebah tak bersengat dari keluarga Apidae. Karakteristik morfologi pada spesies L. terminata sangat jarang dikaitan dengan sifat genetiknya. Gen elongation factor 1? telah dikaji dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan baik morfologi maupun secara sistematika molekuler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakter morfologi  L. terminata asal Kabupaten Temanggung, Jawa Tengah dengan metode purposive sampling dan menganalisis daerah conserved gen elongation factor 1? untuk menjelaskan variasi genetik berdasarkan proporsi basa DNA yang dianalisis secara in silico dan metode komputasi menggunakan database di GenBank dengan nomor akses DQ813123.1, DQ813125.1 dan DQ813124.1. Hasil analisis menjelaskan bahwa karakter morfologi L. terminata sangat sulit dibedakan dengan beberapa kelompok Lepidotrigona lainnya dan diduga sifat genetik dari gen elongation factor 1? memiliki pengaruh terhadap karakter morfologi L. terminata. Proporsi basa DNA gen target memiliki panjang sekitar 682 bp sampai 780 bp dengan proporsi basa paling banyak terdapat pada Adenin (A) sekitar 216 bp (31.67%) sampai 251 bp (32.18%), jumlah proporsi basa paling sedikit terdapat pada Guanin (G) sekitar 121 bp (17.74%) sampai 140 bp (17.95%) dan memiliki dua belas daerah conserved gen. Data yang didapatkan dari penelitian menjadi informasi dasar untuk mempelajari  karakter morfologi dan daerah conserved gen elongation factor 1?  pada L. terminata.

 

Kata kunci: L. terminata, morfologi, elongation factor 1?, in silico, metode komputasi
Estrogene Hormone Levels And Endometrial Thickness Of Female Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Ovariectomized After Being Given Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala Lam. De Wit) LEAF Extract
Authors: Fernandez Maria Antonia Margaretha , Wiratmini Ngurah Intan , Suarni Ni Made Rai
Published: January 2021

Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala Lam. De Wit) merupakan tanaman yang digunakan sebagai obat dan pakan ternak. Lamtoro mengandung zat aktif dari golongan senyawa streroid, alkaloid, flavonoid, polifenol dan tannin. Zat aktif yang terkandung pada lamtoro bersifat fitoestrogen karena mengandung golongan senyawa steroid, alkaloid dan flavonoid. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun lamtoro terhadap kadar hormon estrogen dan ketebalan endometrium tikus (Rattus norvegicus) betina yang telah diovariektomi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan empat perlakuan yaitu K- (kontrol negatif diberi minyak jagung), K+ (kontrol positif diberi estrogen sintetik 2 mg), P1dan P2 diberi diberi ekstrak daun lamtoro sebanyak 200 mg/kg BB dan 250 mg/kg BB). Masing masing perlakuan terdiri dari 6 ulangan sehingga digunakan 24 ekor tikus betina. Ekstrak daun lamtoro diberikan secara oral sebanyak 2 ml/ekor/hari selama 15 hari. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan One Way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian ekstrak daun Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala Lam. De Wit) dosis 250 mg/kg BB dapat meningkatkan kadar hormon estrogen serum darah dan ketebalan endometrium tikus betina yang diovariektomi.

Kata kunci: Leucaena, Ovariektomi, Estrogen, Endometrium, Tikus
LAW, PHILOSOPHY, MEDICINE – THE ANCIENT MAXIM IATRÒS PHILÒSOPHOS ISÒTHEOS AND THE CURRENT PANDEMIC
Authors: Mangiameli Agata Amato
Published: January 2021

The recent health emergency caused by covid-19 has, in its way, highlighted the fundamental interweaving between law, philosophy and medicine, as well as the need to resort the ancient principles – disclosed by philosophical questions – which must represent the basis of both legal and medical issues.
Refleksi Kritis Dalam Kehumasan: Studi Tentang Penyelenggaraan Komunikasi Organisasi Biro Humas Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat.
Authors: Siregar Bary Fardan , Asril Asrinaldi , Jendrius Jendrius
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini berangkat dari fenomena penyelenggaraan komunikasi pemerintahan oleh Biro Humas Sekretariat Daerah (Sekda) Provinsi Sumatera Barat yang bersifat searah. Hal ini menjadi menarik untuk dipelajari mengingat model penyelenggaraan komunikasi kehumasan kontemporer telah berkembang dan jauh berbeda dari bentuk lamanya. Sementara itu peraturan yang mengatur tata kelola kehumasan di lingkup pemerintahan telah terbit dari tujuh tahun yang lalu, namun Biro Humas Sekda Provinsi Sumatera Barat masih menerapkan model komunikasi searah. Karena itu, penelitian ini berupaya mengetahui dan kemudian menjelaskan secara komprehensif tentang realita penyelenggaraan aktivitas komunikasi kehumasan secara searah yang dipertontonkan oleh Biro Humas Setda Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan paradigma critical public relations. Paradigma ini dipilih untuk menyingkap dominasi kekuasaan yang terjadi dalam tubuh humas. Kemudian untuk mempelajari bentuk dan karakter fenomena yang terjadi, penelitian ini menggunakan teori kritis, konsep koalisi dominan, dan konsep hegemoni. Selain itu, kajian ini juga menggunakan teori excellence untuk membantu peneliti dalam menganalisa masalah penelitian. Penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa simpulan utama dalam menjawab permasalahan yang ada. Pertama, Biro Humas Setda Provinsi Sumatera Barat tidak dapat menjalankan aktivitas kehumasan secara ideal menurut perundangan yang ada karena terdominasi oleh koalisi dominan. Hal tersebut menyiratkan humas adalah wadah untuk menunjukkan dan mempertahankan kekuasaan. Kedua, dominasi yang diterima menyebabkan biro humas disibukkan untuk menjaga reputasi koalisi dominan dari pemberitaan negatif. Ini membuat biro humas alfa dalam berpikir mewujudkan humas pemerintah yang modern. Ketiga, era industri pers dewasa ini semakin menjerat Biro Humas Sekda Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Ketergantungan antara biro humas dengan media, pun sebaliknya, menciptakan lingkaran kemunduran yang tak berkesudahan. Dalam hubungan tersebut, biro humas selalu takut jika ada pemberitaan negatif tentang koalisi dominan, sehingga ia ‘berteman baik’ dengan media cetak. Media cetak juga butuh pemasukan dan memiliki senjata ampuh untuk menjamin kebutuhannya terpenuhi—pemberitaan negatif.
Screening small cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) field gene bank accessions for phenotypic characters, yield potential and disease resistance
Authors: Sharon A. , Biju C. N. , Ankegowda S. J. , Shivakumar M.S. , Senthil Kumar R. , Peeran M. F.
Published: January 2021

Evaluation of 117 field gene bank accessions of small cardamom for phenotypic characters along with yield potential and disease resistance (rhizome rot and leaf blight) at ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research Regional Station, Appangala revealed significant variation with respect to phenotypic characters. The highest plant height (350 cm) and number of bearing tillers (36.4) were recorded in the accessions, field gene bank (FGB) 65 and FGB 16, respectively. The highest fresh weight of capsules (399.61 g) and maximum number of capsules (244.20) plant-1 were recorded in the accession, FGB 13. Further, based on screening for disease resistance, 35 and 15 accessions of cardamom were identified as resistant to leaf blight and highly resistant to rhizome rot, respectively. Based on the multivariate cluster analysis, 117 FGB accessions were classified into 5 clusters viz., clusters 1 and 2 encompassing equal number of accessions (44), cluster 3 with one accession (FGB 10), clusters 4 and 5 with 8 and 20 accessions, respectively.
Volatile metabolites of endophytic Klebsiella aerogenes from Zingiber zerumbet rhizome and its antagonistic effect on soft rot causative Pythium myriotylum
Authors: Harsha K. , Aswati Nair R.
Published: January 2021

Rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet collected from their natural habitat and reported earlier to have high zerumbone content were selected for isolation of endophytes. Biochemical and molecular characterization using 16S rRNA sequencing of the endophytes identified the isolates as belonging to genus Klebsiella, Pantoea and Enterobacter. Isolate designated ZzKSD8 identified as K. aerogenes yielded maximal antagonistic activities against P. myriotylum determined as 83.5% ± 0.77. Volatile metabolites produced by ZzKSD8 caused absolute impairment of P. myriotylum hyphal growth compared to control (23.9 ± 0.37 cm). Volatile metabolites were extracted from 48 hour grown stationary phase ZzKSD8 cultures using absolute methanol, ethyl acetate and ethanol (60% v/v). GC-MS metabolite profiling detected alkanes and fatty acid methyl esters as the predominant constituents in the solvent extracts. Major constituents included methyl palmitate (31.37%), methyl stearate (18.57%) and cyclopropaneoctanoic acid, 2-hexyl-, methyl ester (17.05%) in methanol extract; alkanes like tetratetracontane (13.18%) and 2-methyloctacosane (12.10%) in ethyl acetate extracts and 4,22-sigmastadiene-3-one as major metabolite (22.51%) and stigmast-5-en-3-ol, (3.beta) (17.40%) in ethanol extract. Identified metabolites reported to modulate defense strategies in plants against phytopathogens makes ZzKSD8 a potential candidate for development of biological alternatives to control soil-borne soft-rot disease.
Nordic childcare policies and their implications for South Korea: A documentary analysis
Authors: Park Eon Ha
Published: January 2021

Korea has experienced several decades of low to very low birth rates, contributing to an aging population and posing a threat to the nation’s economy. The government has unsuccessfully attempted to implement policies to develop and maintain childbirth and childcare that would mitigate the reduction of the productive workforce. Korean policy makers acknowledge the Nordic countries as the benchmark for the development and implementation of social welfare programs in this and other areas, but they have as yet been unable to achieve levels of success similar to these countries in reversing low fertility. Using documentary analysis, this study explores the nature and impact of childcare policies in Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland, and Korea to gain insights that can help optimize childcare policies in Korea. Based on Gilbert and Terrell’s social welfare policy analysis framework, which asks “who will benefit from this policy?,” “how will these benefits be delivered?,” and “how can necessary funding be accessed to provide benefits?”, the study examines and compares Nordic and Korean policy on childcare according to four main dimensions: (1) types of childcare policy, (2) target of support, (3) method of delivery, and (4) method of financial preparation. Based on this analysis, this study recommends that Korea adopt childcare policies that focus on defamiliarization, decommodification, gender integration, and a child-centered approach.
CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE INNOVATIVE STRATEGY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Chernihiv National Technological University, Topazly Roman Anatoliyovych
Published: January 2021

Urgency of the research. In the conditions of gradual economic recovery, the primary task of the institutions of the construction industry is to find ways to rationalize and increase the efficiency of this industry. Target setting. The application of an innovative way of doing business becomes a fundamental factor in maintaining the economic security of the industry, a condition for survival in global competition. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Problems of innovative development of the construction industry in terms of economic processes are revealed in the works by V. Mikhailov, I. Litovchenko, V. Torkatyuk, N. Drill, O. Yakimenko, M. Chorna and others. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. Further research is needed to conceptualize the formation and implementation of innovative strategy for the development of the construction sector, especially given its intersectoral nature. The research objective. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the conceptual foundations of the formation of an effective investment strategy for the development of the construction sector by taking into account the strengths and weaknesses of this industry. The statement of basic materials. The article substantiates that the formation of innovative policy for the development of the construction industry should be based on a systematic approach; the concept of the concept of "innovation system" is generalized; the stages of formation of the innovation system within the construction industry are determined; the logical connection between the degree of novelty of innovation and the parameters of the innovation strategy of the construction industry is substantiated. Conclusions. Conceptual parameters of formation of innovative strategy of development of construction branch are substantiated; the connection between the degree of novelty of innovation and the parameters of the innovation strategy of the construction industry is structured.
Comparação entre os anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais para o tratamento da persistência do canal arterial: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Meira Pedro Reges Pereira , Bittencourt Anna Lillian Canuto , Reis Fernanda Fontes Prado , Do Amorim José Milton Machado , Leal Iane Brito
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Comparar o uso dos anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais no tratamento farmacológico da persistência do canal arterial. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada em revistas indexadas na base de dados PubMed. A estratégia de busca foi realizada utilizando os descritores em inglês “Anti-Inflammatory Agents”, “Ductus Arteriosus, Patent” AND “Drug Therapy”. Resultados: Ao utilizar os descritores em conjunto, foram encontradas 972 publicações. Destas, foram selecionadas 758 que apresentavam o texto na íntegra e disponível online, 132 relativos ao ano da publicação (entre 2010 e 2020) e a espécie humana. Após a seleção por uma triagem dos títulos e resumos restaram apenas 9 artigos elegíveis.     Considerações Finais: Dessa forma, é necessário que o médico conheça o melhor tratamento farmacológico, visto que estes podem trazer efeitos colaterais graves além da possibilidade de variar a sua eficácia de acordo com alguns parâmetros. Isso mostra a importância desse tema e a necessidade de mais estudos que possam determinar o melhor fármaco para o tratamento da doença.
A case of X-linked juvenile retinoschisis in the outpatient settings
Authors:   Children‘s Medical Centre of the Administrative Directorate of the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Rogozhina I.V. , Gubanov А.А. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow
Published: January 2021

The article considers the case of observation of a child with X-linked hereditary retinoschisis in the outpatient settings. The differential diagnosis and treatment of X-linked retinoschisis is examined on the example of this child. The article reflects the clinical picture and diagnostic methods necessary for the diagnosis. Key words: X-linked juvenile retinoschisis, children, optical coherence tomography, electroretinogram.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Endoscopic Bicanalicular Intubation of the Nasolacrimal Duct with Silicone Drainage in Congenital Dacryocystitis
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Khabarovsk Branch, Egorov V.V. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Smolyakova G.P. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Khabarovsk Branch,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Banshchikov P.A. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Khabarovsk Branch, Mikheev I.A. ,   Professor Sergeev Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1, Khabarovsk
Published: January 2021

Purpose. To evaluate effectiveness of nasolacrimal duct intubation with silicone tube in congenital dacryocystitis (CD) and substantiate optimal timing of its removal. Material and Methods. 25 patients with CD were operated in the Khabarovsk branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution in order to restoring conductivity of nasolacrimal duct of using the intubation set FCI (France). In addition to ophthalmic examination methods, all children underwent scleral examination which includes determination of acid base state (pH) of the wound exudate (secretion) from the nasal cavity. Inflammatory index was also scored which characterized the severity of standard signs of inflammation in the nasal mucosa after surgery. Results. There were no complications during the surgery. Normalization of nasal exudate pH values in children with uncomplicated СD was registered by the 4th week after the surgery. Normalization of nasal exudate pH values in children with recurrent СD was registered by the 6th week, coinciding with full disappearance clinical signs of inflammation. At the indicated periods, the silastic tubes were removed. One child had relapse of disease after suffering acute rhinitis 6 months after the surgery. This patient underwent dacryocystorhinostomy with positive effect. Conclusion. Bicanalicular temporary intubation of nasolacrimal duct using silicone tube in children with CD is considered as an effective treatment. In accordance with obtained results, in children with uncomplicated CD the removal of silicone implant is advisable 4 weeks after its installation, in children with recurrent CD the removal of silicone implant is advisable no earlier than 6 weeks. Key words: congenital dacryostenosis, intubation set, endoscopic rhinoscopy.
Differential Diagnosis of Retinoblastoma and Conditions Simulating Retinoblastoma (Pseudoretinoblastoma)
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Volodin D.P. , Kotelnikova A.V. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Kotova E.S. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Yarovoy A.A. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution
Published: January 2021

The review article provides literature data related to the history of differential diagnosis of retinoblastoma and lesions simulating retinoblastoma (pseudoretinoblastomas), provides a modern classification of pseudoretinoblastomas, describes clinical and diagnostic features that allow to differentiate these conditions. The analysis of Russian and foreign publications on main pseudoretinoblastomas requiring differential diagnosis with retinoblastoma in pediatric ophthalmological practice was carried out. Key words: ophthalmology, retinoblastoma, lesions simulating retinoblastoma, pseudoretinoblastomas, differential diagnosis.
AGE FEATURES OF MIGRATION MOBILITY OF THE POPULATION OF THE MUNICIPALITIES OF TVER REGION
Authors: Виноградов Дмитрий Михайлович , Смирнов Илья Петрович
Published: January 2021

В статье рассмотрены возрастные особенности миграционной подвижности населения Тверской области. Построены и проанализированы возрастные профили миграции для каждого муниципалитета Тверской области. Выявлены возрастные пики миграционного оттока и миграционного прироста муниципальных образований Тверской области, а также их возможные причины. Выявлены возрастные особенности миграционных потоков разной направленности.

The article deals with age-related features of migration mobility of the population of the Tver region. Age profiles of migration for each municipality of the Tver region are constructed and analyzed. Age peaks of migration outflow and migration growth in municipalities of the Tver region are revealed. The age-related features of migration flows of different directions are revealed.
LANDSCAPE FEATURES OF THE RURAL SETTLEMENT PATTERN IN THE TVER REGION
Authors: Дорофеев Александр Александрович , Павлюкова Мария Алексеевна , Смирнова Александра Андреевна
Published: January 2021

Статья посвящена рассмотрению особенностей сети сельских населенных пунктов (СНП) Тверской области в ее связи с ландшафтной структурой региона. Большая роль социально-экономических факторов в современной трансформации сельского расселения приводит к меньшему интересу со стороны научного сообщества к анализу природной составляющей. В современных географических работах влияние природных условий рассматривается с позиции исторической реконструкции и эволюции сельского расселения той или иной территории. В данном исследовании акцент сделан на сопоставлении современной сети СНП и ландшафтных условий Тверской области. Показана, с одной стороны, азональность сельского расселения региона, когда наибольшая плотность сельского населения оказалась характерна для притрассовых территорий, вне зависимости от природной основы. С другой стороны, продемонстрирована определенная устойчивость сети СНП, присущая ландшафтам, наиболее благоприятным в отношении ведения сельскохозяйственной деятельности и проживания.

The article is devoted to the consideration of rural settlements network of the Tver region in its connection with the landscape structure of the region. The large role of social and economic factors in the current transformation of rural settlement leads to less interest from the scientific community in the analysis of the natural component. In modern geographical works, the influence of natural conditions is considered from the position of historical reconstruction and the evolution of rural settlement pattern on a particular territory. In this study, the emphasis is placed on the comparison of the modern network of rural settlements to the landscape conditions of the Tver region. On the one hand, it is shown the azonality of the rural settlement pattern of the region, when the highest density of the rural population is characteristic of the highway areas, despite on the natural basis. On the other hand, a certain sustainability of the rural settlement network was demonstrated, inherent in the landscapes most favorable in terms of agricultural activity and residence.