bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study protocol for investigating the effects of mobile phone-originated electromagnetic waves on thyroid gland and thyroid hormone activities in the brain
Authors: Zufry Hendra , Rudijanto Achmad , Soeatmadji Djoko Wahono , Sakti Setyawan Purnomo , Munadi Khairul , Sujuti Hidayat , Mintaroem Karyono
Published: February 2023

With widespread users across the globe, topic on the impact of mobile phone in particular regarding its electromagnetic wave radiation deserves a priority. Carcinogenic effects of the electromagnetic wave radiation have been suggested by multiple studies. Effects of the radiation are to involve thermal and non-thermal pathways. Among human organs, thyroid gland is susceptible to the radiation exposure due to its location being superficial and close to the radiation transmitter. Previous studies have indicated the correlation between the mobile phone radiation and thyroid dysfunctions. However, a conclusion that the electromagnetic wave radiation is the causative agent of the thyroid dysfunctions has not been reached. Most of the study are unable to remove the influence of the external electromagnetic wave radiation. Hence, this study aimed to perform an investigation with true experimental design using animal model in an anechoic chamber – an isolated chamber which could minimize the electromagnetic wave noise from the outside. In this article, we present the description of the anechoic chamber along with the research protocols. Parameters affecting the investigation, including signal frequencies inside the chamber and specific absorption rate are also measured.
Systematic review of diagnostic and prognostic host blood transcriptomic signatures of tuberculosis disease in people living with HIV
Authors: Mendelsohn Simon C , Verhage Savannah , Mulenga Humphrey , Scriba Thomas J , Hatherill Mark
Published: February 2023

Background

HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) has high mortality; however, current triage and prognostic tools offer poor sensitivity and specificity, respectively. We conducted a systematic review of diagnostic and prognostic host-blood transcriptomic signatures of TB in people living with HIV (PLHIV).

Methods

We systematically searched online databases for studies published in English between 1990-2020. Eligible studies included PLHIV of any age in test or validation cohorts, and used microbiological or composite reference standards for TB diagnosis. Inclusion was not restricted by setting or participant age. Study selection, quality appraisal using the QUADAS-2 tool, and data extraction were conducted independently by two reviewers. Thereafter, narrative synthesis of included studies, and comparison of signatures performance, was performed.

Results

We screened 1,580 records and included 12 studies evaluating 31 host-blood transcriptomic signatures in 10 test or validation cohorts of PLHIV that differentiated individuals with TB from those with HIV alone, latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, or other diseases (OD). Two (2/10; 20%) cohorts were prospective (29 TB cases; 51 OD) and 8 (80%) case-control (353 TB cases; 606 controls) design. All cohorts (10/10) were recruited in Sub-Saharan Africa and 9/10 (90%) had a high risk of bias. Ten signatures (10/31; 32%) met minimum WHO Target Product Profile (TPP) criteria for TB triage tests. Only one study (1/12; 8%) evaluated prognostic performance of a transcriptomic signature for progression to TB in PLHIV, which did not meet the minimum WHO prognostic TPP.

Conclusions

Generalisability of reported findings is limited by few studies enrolling PLHIV, limited geographical diversity, and predominantly case-control design, which also introduces spectrum bias. New prospective cohort studies are needed that include PLHIV and are conducted in diverse settings. Further research exploring the effect of HIV clinical, virological, and immunological factors on diagnostic performance is necessary for development and implementation of TB transcriptomic signatures in PLHIV.
Hospital residents’ perception of mentorship as influencing clinical leadership: a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews
Authors: McWalter Patricia , AlKhenizan Abdullah , Ahmad Marium
Published: February 2023

Background: In this study, we explored how doctors in training perceive mentorship and leadership and whether they believed that mentoring influences the development of leadership skills. The study also addressed whether certain leadership styles lend themselves better to mentoring.

Methods: A qualitative research method was employed in this study and ethical approval was granted by the Research Ethics Committee (REC) at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC), after which twelve hospital residents were recruited using purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted by the authors and thematic data analysis was performed.

 Results: Three themes emerged and were later refined, using Braun and Clarke’s 2006 thematic analysis method:

1. Purpose of mentorship, with sub themes: a. Expectations, b.  Perception of mentorship as supervision, and c. The role of mentorship, including informal mentoring in leadership development

2. Role of mentorship in leadership development.

3. Perceptions of a leader, with sub-themes: a. The leader as a manager, b. The leader as a role model, and c. The merits of different leadership styles.

Discussion: Most of the residents (doctors in training) viewed mentorship in a positive way. However, when the mentor was perceived more as a supervisor, the usefulness of mentoring was less clear. However, they found that informal mentoring would contribute to leadership skills and would inspire them to become leaders themselves. They were likely to be influenced positively when they saw the leader as a role model, rather than a manager.
The influence of socioeconomic status on the association between unhealthy lifestyle factors and adverse health outcomes: a systematic review
Authors: Foster Hamish M.E. , Polz Peter , Gill Jason M.R. , Celis-Morales Carlos , Mair Frances S. , O'Donnell Catherine A.
Published: February 2023

Background: Combinations of lifestyle factors (LFs) and socioeconomic status (SES) are independently associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and mortality. Less advantaged SES groups may be disproportionately vulnerable to unhealthy LFs but interactions between LFs and SES remain poorly understood. This review aimed to synthesise the available evidence for whether and how SES modifies associations between combinations of LFs and adverse health outcomes.

Methods: Systematic review of studies that examine associations between combinations of >3 LFs and health outcomes and report data on SES influences on associations. Databases (PubMed/EMBASE/CINAHL), references, forward citations, and grey-literature were searched from inception to December 2021. Eligibility criteria were analyses of prospective adult cohorts that examined all-cause mortality or CVD or cancer mortality/incidence.

Results: Six studies (n=42,467–399,537; 46.5–56.8 years old; 54.6–59.3% women) of five cohorts were included. All examined all-cause mortality; three assessed CVD/cancer outcomes. Four studies observed multiplicative interactions between LFs and SES, but in opposing directions. Two studies tested for additive interactions; interactions were observed in one cohort (UK Biobank) and not in another (NHANES). All-cause mortality HRs (95% CIs) for unhealthy LFs (versus healthy LFs) from the most advantaged SES groups ranged from 0.68 (0.32–1.45) to 4.17 (2.27–7.69). Equivalent estimates from the least advantaged ranged from 1.30 (1.13–1.50) to 4.00 (2.22–7.14). In 19 analyses (including sensitivity analyses) of joint associations between LFs, SES, and all-cause mortality, highest all-cause mortality was observed in the unhealthiest LF-least advantaged suggesting an additive effect.

Conclusions: Limited and heterogenous literature suggests that the influence of SES on associations between combinations of unhealthy LFs and adverse health could be additive but remains unclear. Additional prospective analyses would help clarify whether SES modifies associations between combinations of unhealthy LFs and health outcomes.

Registration: Protocol is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020172588; 25 June 2020).
The genome sequence of the Mouse Moth, Amphipyra tragopoginis (Clerck 1759)
Authors: Boyes Douglas ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective, Holland Peter W.H. ,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Amphipyra tragopoginis (the Mouse Moth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence is 806 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the assembled Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.3 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl has identified 13,359 protein coding genes.
Do local governments in Poland care about the physical activity of the local community? Health promotion activities targeting physical activity organized by local government units
Authors: Sobczyk Karolina , Sas-Nowosielski Krzysztof
Published: February 2023

Introduction. When it comes to physical activity, activities at the local government level are extremely important, including, among other things, investing in the development of recreational and sports infrastructure in municipalities and counties, as well as implementing and financing health programs aimed at promoting physical activity among the population. Also, activities at the central level, implemented by the ministries of education, health, or transportation, aiming to implement policies that encourage the public to move, have a significant impact on the level of physical activity among young people. Objective. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of implementation of public health tasks by local government units in Poland, with a particular focus on activities in the area of physical activity. Material and methods. The study was conducted from May 13, 2020, to October 31, 2021. (18 months) in electronic form. The research group consisted of 1,118 representatives of local government offices of two levels: municipal (962 offices; 91.9% of the total) and district (91 offices; 8.1% of the total). According to the state at the time of the survey (as of 01.01.2021), Poland is divided into 16 provinces, 314 counties 2,477 municipalities (302 urban including 66 cities with county rights, 652 urban-rural and 1,523 rural). The survey covered 41.5% of municipalities and 29% of districts in Poland. Results and conclusions. The vast majority of local governments declare that they undertake activities in the area of physical activity, and these activities are often undertaken in cooperation with other local governments. Local governments very rarely implement health policy programs that include interventions in the area of physical activity, and among the reasons for not implementing such activities they usually point to financial and staffing problems.
DAA - directly acting antivirals - as a new, more efficient solution of the chronic hepatitis C treatment and theirs various application.
Authors: Abram Kamila , Banaś Patryk , Adamus Justyna , Pierzchała Jakub Rafał , Bednarz Katarzyna , Sobańska Natalia , Banasiak Aleksandra Paulina , Teichman Rafał , Kasprowicz Jakub , Hyjek Michał
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Cirrhosis is a condition in which the liver becomes fibrotic following damage to the liver and transforms the architecture of the organ into regenerative nodules. The disease is caused 30% by HCV infection, resulting in a risk of severe complications and death. Since the use of direct-acting antivirals ( DAAs) for the treatment of chronic HCV, sustained virological response (SVR) rates have begun to increase, even in treatment-resistant cases. Studies have also shown that DAAs may have applications in other viral diseases and even In the treatment of breast cancer.
 
Aim of the study
The purpouse of our study was to review scientific articles to show the efficiency and potential use of DAAs in the treatment of chronic HCV, and to identify possible directions for further research.
 
Methods and materials
We reviewed the English literature in the PubMed, using the key words: "simeprevir" ; "sofosbuvir" ; "velpatasvir" ; "telaprevir" ; "chronic hepatitis C".
 
Results
Studies have shown that the therapeutic regimens currently being designed with (DAAs) offer the possibility of treating almost the entire population with hepatitis C, while reducing side effects of interferon therapy such as increased AST, ALT activities, diarrhoea, vomiting, nausea and  depression. They remain effective and tolerable, regardless of the stage of cirrhosis and associated serious co-morbidities. Analysis of studiem shows, that DAAs also show efficacy against other disease such as breast cancer, MRSA infections, SARS-CoV-2 or flavivirus infection.
 
Conclusion
All (DAAs) are effective in the treatment of patients with HCV, including cirrhosis. They result in significant improvements in prognosis and clinical outcomes. Promising results have been obtained in published data on the effect of DAAs against disease entities other than HCV, suggesting the rationale for future clinical trials to further the hypothesis of the increased potential of these drugs.
Research Roundup
Authors: Winter George
Published: February 2023

George Winter provides an overview of recently published articles that are of interest to practice nurses. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided.
Study the Contamination Level of Organochlorine Pesticides in Fruits During Summer Season
Authors: Khirwar M. S. , Singh Nisha
Published: February 2023

Fruits have nutritional value, but they can also be sources of toxic contaminants, such as pesticide residues. Pesticides used for fruit production results in increased health risks and health costs, humiliation of the environment and productivity loss. This research aimed to conduct to estimate presence of pesticide residues in summer season fruit purchase from local market. Pesticides were precisely detected in fruit samples collected from the market and the technique (GC-ECD) was used for analyzing and studying organochlorine pesticides in three fruits of the summer season, i.e., (plum, kiwi fruit and pineapple). The maximum residual limits (MRLs) values were compared with pesticide concentrations. In fruit sample, mean values of pesticide concentration residues were found. All fruits were found to be contaminated with pesticides. The concentrations of monitoring pesticides were less than the (MRL) values. However, the severe health problems may be created by the regular eating of pesticide infected fruits. It can be concluded that the periodical monitoring of fruits for pesticide residues is essential to evaluating their contamination grade and producing awareness on the health hazards involved in pesticide misuse.
Preliminary Adsorption Studies of Pb (II) With Gmelina Sawdust; Zn-Oxalic Acid (Zn-Oxa) and Cu-OXA MOFs
Authors: Asemave Kaana , Igbawua Doosughun
Published: February 2023

This work is about sorption of Pb (II) with using Gmelina sawdust; Zn-OXA and Cu-OXA MOFs. Gmelina sawdust biosorbent was prepared by carbonization and subsequently activated; whereas, the MOFs sorbents were prepared using slow evaporation method. These materials were characterised using FTIR. The analyses revealed principally the presence of carboxyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl, and amine functional groups in the biomaterials; then hydroxyl and carbonyl for the MOFs. There was decrement in the FTIR absorption values of hydroxyl and carbonyl of the oxalic acid as observed in the spectra of the MOFs; implying that oxalic acid bonded to the Zn and Cu ions via O-H and C=O groups in the MOFs. The trend of sorption Pb (II) by these products is: Cu-OXA MOF (57%); Zn-OXA MOF (95%); uncarbonised sawdust (97%); and carbonized sawdust (99%). The presence of different functional groups (i.e. as listed above) of the sawdust sorbents and the MOFs is the reason they performed well in terms of the Pb (II) adsorption. However, the sawdust products and Zn-OXA MOF are more effective for the lead (II) removal than the Cu-OXA MOF.
2022 MCDM Junior Researcher Best Paper Award
Authors: Karpak Birsen
Published: February 2023

There were five finalists for the 2022 MCDM Junior Researcher Best Paper Award of the MCDM section of INFORMS. Finalists were Sune Lauth Gadegaard, Aarhus University, Denmark;  Eleftherios Siskos, Paul Scherrer Institut Switzerland;  Merve Bodur, University of Toronto, Canada; and  Mohammad Ghaderi,  Pompeu Fabra University,  Spain (the winner).  Jiapeng Liu, Xi’an Jiaotong University, China could not attend the meeting. Roman Słowiński was the 2022 Jury Chair, Poznań University of Technology
All 5 finalists received a diploma at the business meeting of the MCDM Section of INFORMS on October 16, 2022. The winner selected by the Jury was Mohammad Ghaderi. This was a great success for the MCDM/A community to receive ten nominations and to have five finalists for this award!
Dr. Banu Lokman: 2022 Recipient of Prestigious Bernard Roy Award
Authors: Karpak Birsen , Słowiński Roman
Published: February 2023

It is great pleasure for us to share with the MCDM/A community that Dr. Banu Lokman was the 2022 recipient of prestigious Bernard Roy (BR) award. Dr. Banu Lokman is a Reader in Operational Research at the School of Organisations, Systems and People, University of Portsmouth, UK. We have known Dr. Lokman as an excellent member of the MCDM community for over 10 years and have always thought that she deserves an award. We are very pleased that she was recognized by the EURO Working Group on Multiple Criteria Decision Aiding (EWG MCDA). The award was given during the EWG MCDA business meeting in Agios Nicolaos, Crete last September by Yannis Siskos, the 2022 Jury Chair. Congratulations Dr. Lokman, we are proud of you!
Dataset artificial augmentation with a small number of training samples for reflectance estimation
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Wang Zewei , He Yuke
Published: February 2023

The accuracy of the spectral reflectance estimation approaches highly depends on the amount, coverage, and representation of valid samples in the training dataset. We present a dataset artificial augmentation approach with a small number of actual training samples by light source spectra tuning. Then, the reflectance estimation process is carried out with our augmented color samples for commonly used datasets (IES, Munsell, Macbeth, Leeds). Finally, the impact of the augmented color sample number is investigated using different augmented color sample numbers. The results show that our proposed approach can artificially augment the color samples from CCSG 140 color samples to 13791 color samples and even more. The reflectance estimation performances with augmented color samples are much higher than with the benchmark CCSG datasets for all tested datasets (IES, Munsell, Macbeth, Leeds, as well as a real-scene hyperspectral reflectance database). It indicates that the proposed dataset augmentation approach is practical for improving the reflectance estimation performances.
Wavelength Tunable 100 MHz Gain Switched Optical Frequency Comb for Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Anandarajah Prince , Martin Eamonn , Chandran Satheesh , Pérez Alejandro Rosado , Hammad Mohab , Ruth Albert
Published: February 2023

A wavelength tunable (35 nm), low repetition rate (100 MHz) optical frequency comb generated by gain switching an externally injected Fabry-Pérot laser using a step-recovery diode is demonstrated. The comb possesses ~1000 comb tones over a ~100 GHz span. It was passively coupled to a medium finesse cavity in off-axis configuration. An ammonia (14NH3) detection limit of ~5.6 ppmv in 20 s was accomplished in static dry air using a Fourier transform spectrometer. The photonically integrable architecture used in this work provides a compact, cost-efficient, high-frequency resolution and wavelength tunable low repetition rate OFC, capable of sensing multiple trace gases.
Not so optimal: The evolution of mutual information in potassium voltage-gated channels
Authors: Duran-Urriago Alejandra , Marzen Sarah
Published: February 2023

Potassium voltage-gated (Kv) channels need to detect and respond to rapidly changing ionic concentrations in their environment. With an essential role in regulating electric signaling, they would be expected to be optimal sensors that evolved to predict the ionic concentrations. To explore these assumptions, we use statistical mechanics in conjunction with information theory to model how animal Kv channels respond to changes in potassium concentrations in their environment. By measuring mutual information in representative Kv channel types across a variety of environments, we find two things. First, under weak conditions, there is a gating charge that maximizes mutual information with the environment. Second, as Kv channels evolved, they have moved towards decreasing mutual information with the environment. This either suggests that Kv channels do not need to act as sensors of their environment or that Kv channels have other functionalities that interfere with their role as sensors of their environment.
A risk scoring model to predict progression of retinopathy of prematurity for Indonesia
Authors: Siswanto Johanes Edy , Adisasmita Asri C. , Ronoatmodjo Sudarto , Dijk Peter H. , Bos Arend F. , Manurung Florence , Sauer Pieter J. J.
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a serious eye disease in preterm infants. Generally, the progression of this disease can be detected by screening infants regularly. In case of progression, treatment can be instituted to stop the progression. In Indonesia, however, not all infants are screened because the number of pediatric ophthalmologists trained to screen for ROP and provide treatment is limited. Therefore, other methods are required to identify infants at risk of developing severe ROP.

Objective

To assess a scoring model’s internal and external validity to predict ROP progression in Indonesia.

Method

To develop a scoring model and determine its internal validity, we used data on 98 preterm infants with ROP who had undergone one or more serial eye examinations between 2009 and 2014. For external validation, we analyzed data on 62 infants diagnosed with ROP irrespective of the stage between 2017 and 2020. Patients stemmed from one neonatal unit and three eye clinics in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Results

We identified the duration of oxygen supplementation, gestational age, socio-economic status, place of birth, and oxygen saturation monitor setting as risk factors for developing ROP. We developed two models—one based on the duration of supplemental oxygen and one on the setting of the oxygen saturation monitor. The ROP risk and probabilistic models obtained the same sensitivity and specificity for progression to Type 1 ROP. The agreement, determined with the Kappa statistic, between the ROP risk model’s suitability and the probabilistic model was excellent. The external validity of the ROP risk model showed 100% sensitivity, 73% specificity, 76% positive predictive value, 100% negative predictive value, positive LR +3.7, negative LR 0, 47% pre-test probability, and 77% post-test probability.

Conclusion

The ROP risk scoring model can help to predict which infants with first-stage ROP might show progression to severe ROP and may identify infants who require referral to a pediatric ophthalmologist for treatment.
La cittadinanza e la costituzione nei libri di testo di storia. Il quinto anno nei licei classici: un caso di studio
Authors: Troisi Filomena , López Fernández José Antonio , Medina Quintana Silvia
Published: February 2023

L’insegnamento della cittadinanza e della Costituzione è un indicatore prezioso del grado di sviluppo culturale di un Paese. È una questione educativa che si gioca in classe, nei curricula, nella pianificazione dei programmi e nell’insegnamento quotidiano. Implementando l’educazione alla cittadinanza e alla democrazia nelle scuole di ogni ordine e grado, gli studenti potranno acquisire quella formazione civica di base che è necessaria e indispensabile per la loro partecipazione alla vita sociale, politica e democratica. In Italia, l’educazione alla cittadinanza e lo studio della Costituzione fanno parte dell’insegnamento della storia contemporanea. Questo articolo analizza i sei libri di testo di storia contemporanea utilizzati nelle nove classi quinte dei tre licei classici della città di Avellino nell’anno scolastico 2019-2020. In ogni libro di testo è stata verificata la presenza o meno di una parte dedicata esclusivamente a temi legati alla cittadinanza e alla Costituzione. È emerso che solo due dei sei libri di testo presentano tale parte. Sono stati quindi elencati gli argomenti trattati in questi libri di testo e ne sono stati analizzati la forma e i contenuti. È stata condotta un’ulteriore valutazione critica dei contenuti e delle attività didattiche che li accompagnano, al fine di valutare il grado di problematizzazione degli argomenti. Da questi dati risulta evidente che questi argomenti ricevono ancora poco interesse e attenzione.
Fostering Skills for Sustainability – Lessons Learnt from Curriculum Design and Learning Outcomes
Authors: Fleacă Bogdan , Fleacă Elena , Maiduc Sanda
Published: February 2023

Sustainability thinking plays a key role in business development and transformative approach for a safe, sustainable and prosperous future. Education is expected to take action to provide meaningful learning opportunities in different settings and contexts to foster critical thinking thereby understanding the importance of sustainable lifestyles, a climate-neutral economy and a fair society.

Given the increased responsibility of higher education providers for preparing students as future responsible change agents, the study analyzed the curriculum design to foster sustainability skills of students in the particular case of the educational project for cooperation in higher education, implemented from 2020 to 2022. A quantitative survey was conducted aiming at assessing the learners' satisfaction and the fulfillment of learning outcomes, drawing up findings and improvement gaps to facilitate further exploitation of results.

The findings suggested the improvements from one session to another and the positive changes induced through the aid of course objectives, specific learning outcomes, and the correlation between sustainability themes, SDGs topics, and subjects taught. These stimulated the acquisition of knowledge, skills and attitudes toward sustainability as well as hands-on opportunities to change the status quo, to improve teaching and learning, enabling a better alignment of curricula outcomes in the area of business engineering education.

Finally, the authors highlighted the curriculum content and methodological approach may be used and adjusted in different educational settings boosting synergies with other initiatives of a similar nature in other institutional and national contexts.

Keywords: sustainable development, curriculum design, learning outcomes, sustainability skills, quality education
Influência do horário de pulverização no controle de plantas de buva (Conyza spp.)
Authors: Souza Deomarques de , Côrrea Fernando Rezende , Silva Nelmício Furtado da , Cavalcante Wendson Soares da Silva , Ribeiro Daniele Ferreira , Rodrigues Estevão
Published: February 2023

Partindo da hipótese de que as aplicações feitas em diferentes horários do dia, ou seja, aplicações matutinas, vespertinas ou noturnas são normalmente realizadas com condições ambientais específicas que podem influenciar de forma positiva ou negativa a eficácia dos herbicidas. Objetivou-se com o presente estudo conhecer o melhor horário de aplicação de herbicidas e se há necessidade da utilização de adjuvantes ou não no controle de plantas daninhas na cultura da soja. Os tratamentos foram compostos por aplicações em diferentes horários do dia, com e sem adjuvantes, os herbicidas foram utilizados em combinação única do Glifosato + 2,4-D+ Dicloreto de paraquate, bem como o Controle capinado e sem capina. O experimento foi desenvolvido na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Faculdade UniBRAS – Rio Verde – GO, em um Latossolo Vermelho Distróferrico (LVDf). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em bloco casualizados, com 4 repetições. Foram avaliados o tamanho de gotas, número de gotas e cobertura para todos os tratamentos nas diferentes posições de coleta (terço inferior, médio e superior), fitotoxidade por controle de planta daninha aos 7, 14 e 21 dias após aplicação (DAA), massa de 1000 grãos e a produtividade de grãos. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância (p<0,05) e os casos de significância foram submetidos ao teste de média Scoot-Knott (p<0,05), utilizando o software estatístico SISVAR®.
Digital Learning: Differentiated teaching models using ICTs to students with vision problems – Good practices: I add by playing from 1 to 10
Authors: Lykou Paraskevi , Chaidi Irene , Driga Anna Maria
Published: February 2023

The idea of inclusion encourages an inclusive, open-door school. By adapting formal instruction to standard instruction that is acceptable for everyone while taking into account the requirements, quirks, skills, interests, and experiences of each student, the use of ICTs aids in this direction. One such group is the visually challenged, whose inclusion in general education classes is made possible with the use of ICTs. In the current study, a method of individualized education in the field of mathematics is developed and put into practice, allowing all students-visually impaired or not-to master the mathematical operation of adding to the first ten at their own speed and time. Results show that differentiated instruction improves students' ability to understand mathematical operations: ADDITION from 1 to 10.
Efecto de la suplementación con vitaminas del complejo B sobre el declive cognitivo en pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer. Revisión sistemática y metanálisis
Authors: Díaz Muñoz Gustavo Alfonso , García Rairán Luis , Corredor Valentina , Cruz María Angélica , Useche Diana , Wilches Fernanda , Wilches Laura
Published: February 2023

Introducción: el declive cognitivo es un marcador de la aparición y avance de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA). Actualmente, la modificación de factores de riesgo, como la nutrición, son promisorios para el tratamiento de la EA. El objetivo fue Identificar el efecto de la suplementación de vitaminas del complejo B sobre el declive cognitivo en pacientes con daño cognitivo o EA.
Materiales y métodos: Revisión sistemática y metaanálisis de la literatura en cinco buscadores (PROSPERO CRD42021247743). Se incluyeron experimentos controlados, en adultos de 60 o más años, con medición del estado cognitivo (ADAS-Cog, Clinical dementia ratin-CDR y/o Mini Mental State Examination-MMSE) y uso de suplementos de vitaminas del complejo B de manera individual o combinada con otras vitaminas o fármacos. La evaluación de la calidad se hizo con la herramienta RoB-2. La selección, extracción y evaluación se hizo por tres investigadores de manera independiente. El metaanálisis empleo la diferencia media y modelos de efectos aleatorios.
Resultados: la búsqueda arrojo 247 referencias y finalmente se incluyeron 12 para el metaanálisis. No se encontraron sesgos de publicación. La calidad de los estudios es adecuada. El suplemento de vitamina B no mostró efecto sobre el declive cognitivo medido por ADAS-Cog (DM 0.01 IC95% -0.7 a 0.72), CDR (DM –0.06 IC95% -0.48 a 0.36) y MMSE (DM 0.3 IC95% -0.01 a 0.61).
Conclusiones: el declive cognitivo es invariable ante la suplementación de vitaminas del complejo B en adultos con daño cognitivo o Enfermedad de Alzheimer. Futuras investigaciones deben enfocarse hacia estrategias multi intervención.
Palabras claves: Enfermedad de Alzheimer; declive cognitivo; vitaminas del complejo B; metaanálisis.
Financiación: Los autores/as declaran que no ha existido financiación para realizar este estudio.
Registro: PROSPERO CRD42021247743
HANSENÍASE EM MENORES DE QUINZE ANOS EM UM MUNICÍPIO HIPERENDÊMICO
Authors: Rocha Camila Beatriz Alves da , Santos Débora Aparecida da Silva , Olinda Ricardo Alves de , Campelo Andréia Maciel Rodrigues , Campos Leonardo José Araujo de , Rossi Elaine Menezes , Goulart Letícia Silveira , Mattos Magda de
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: Analisar os casos de hanseníase em menores de quinze anos. Métodos: Estudo de campo, quantitativo, transversal, série histórica e descritivo, com 48 casos de hanseníase entre 2009 a 2018 de Rondonópolis (MT). A coleta de dados utilizou prontuários do Serviço de Assistência Especializada e visitas domiciliárias. Foi utilizada estatística descritiva e testes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher; nível de significância de 5%; foi calculada razão de chances e intervalos de confiança. Pesquisa aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (CAAE:97441618.2.0000.8088). Resultados: Os casos predominaram em 2013 (18,8%), sexo masculino (52%), faixa etária 10 a 14 anos (54,2%), multibacilar (64,6%) e tuberculóide (64,6%). Foi possível verificar associação estatística significativa entre classe operacional e renda familiar (p<0,0434) e ano de diagnóstico e classificação multibacilar (p<0,0189). Conclusões: O perfil dos casos e os fatores associados indicam alta transmissibilidade da doença e a dificuldade em realização do diagnóstico precoce no município em estudo.
Study on the Inter-Laminar Shear Strength and Contact Angle of Glass Fiber/ABS and Glass Fiber/Carbon Fiber/ABS Hybrid Composites
Authors: Dhandapani Aravind , Krishnasamy Senthilkumar , Nagarajan Rajini , Kumar Thiagamani Senthil Muthu , Muthukumar Chandrasekar
Published: February 2023

In recent days, the uses of 3D printing have been successfully implemented in various applications due to their advantages. Besides, the need for sustainable choice has created a demand for the augmented use of thermoplastic composites. Thus, additive manufacturing techniques have become the essence of composite fabrication to achieve an automated and flexible fabrication technique. The present study used fused deposition modelling (FDM) and hot press moulding technique to produce composite samples. The composite laminates were fabricated by using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) as polymer and woven glass fiber (GF) and woven carbon fiber (CF) used as reinforcements. Further, the laminates were subjected to inter-laminar shear strength (ILSS) and contact angle. The inter-laminar shear strength and the contact angle of hybrid samples were compared with virgin ABS and pure glass fiber-reinforced composites. The study reported a maximum ILSS of 198.5MPa achieved by GF/CF/ABS hybrid composites, which was higher by 17% and 217% compared with GF/ABS and ABS samples, respectively. The contact angle results showed an increase due to the incorporation of fibers with ABS by 5% and 13% in GF/ABS and GF/CF/ABS, respectively, contributing to the adhesion. The contact angle values achieved were 100.5°, 105.15°, and 113.39° by ABS, GF/ABS and GF/CF/ABS making them hydrophobic in nature. These developed reinforced materials, such as carbon fiber, glass fiber and ABS matrix composites, could be used in automotive, aerospace and wind energy applications.
Konsentrasi Fe dan Batas Aman Konsumsi Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis) dari Perairan Tambak Lorok
Authors: Adiningtyas Liningga , Supriyantini Endang , Widowati Ita , Saputri Mimie
Published: February 2023

Di daerah Tambak Lorok terdapat banyak aktivitas manusia, baik di daratan maupun perairan yang dapat menyebabkan peningkatan konsentrasi logam berat, salah satunya logam Fe. Salah satu organisme yang hidup di Perairan Tambak Lorok dan mampu mengakumulasi logam Fe adalah kerang hijau (Perna viridis). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan konsentrasi logam berat Fe dalam air, sedimen, dan jaringan lunak daging kerang hijau (P. viridis) serta untuk mengetahui tingkat keamanan konsumsi kerang hijau (P. viridis) harian terhadap logam Fe dari Tambak Lorok, Semarang. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret dan April 2021 dengan menggunakan metode eksploratif kuantitatif. Kadar logam Fe dianalisis dengan AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). Hasil analisis kandungan logam Fe dalam air berkisar antara 0,16-1,69 mg/L; sedimen 4,39-88,07 mg/kg; dan jaringan lunak kerang hijau (P. viridis) 0,19-2,76 mg/kg. Kandungan logam Fe dalam air menunjukkan peningkatan, sedangkan kandungan Fe dalam sedimen dan jaringan lunak kerang hijau (P. viridis) mengalami penurunan pada bulan April. Nilai BCF (Bioconcentration Factor) < 100 yang menunjukkan akumulasi kerang hijau (P. viridis) terhadap logam Fe rendah. Untuk mengetahui batas aman konsumsi daging kerang hijau per minggu dilakukan penghitungan MTI (Maximum Tolerable Intake). Batas aman konsumsi kerang hijau untuk wanita dengan berat badan 45 kg adalah 657,96 kg/minggu dan 877,28 kg/minggu bagi laki-laki dengan berat badan 60 kg.    Many human activities seen in Tambak Lorok, both on land and in waters, may cause an increase in the concentration of heavy metals, such as Fe. One of the organisms that live in Tambak Lorok Waters and are able to accumulate Fe is the green mussels (Perna viridis). This study aims to determine the concentration of Fe in water, sediment, and soft tissue of green mussel (P. viridis) and to determine the safety level of daily consumption of green mussels (P. viridis) against Fe from Tambak Lorok, Semarang. This study was conducted on March and April 2021 using quantitative exploratory methods. The metal content of Fe was analyzed by AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). Fe content in water ranged from 0.16 to 1.69 mg/L; sediment 4.39-88.07 mg/kg; and soft tissue of green mussels (P. viridis) 0.19-2.76 mg/kg. Fe content in water showed an increase, while the Fe content in sediment and soft tissue of green mussels (P. viridis) decreased in April. The BCF (Bio Concentration Factor) value is < 100, which indicates accumulation of green mussels (P. viridis) against Fe metal is low. To determine the safety limit of green mussel consumption per week, MTI (Maximum Tolerable Intake) was calculated. The safety limit for green mussel consumption for women weighing 45 kg is 657,96 kg/week and 877.28 kg/week for men weighing 60 kg.
What factors during elective rotations influence undergraduates to pursue plastic surgery as a career?
Authors: AlNojaidi Taif Fawaz , Alaqil Sultan Nasser , AlQhtani Abdullh Zafer , Alhadlaq Abdulmajeed Saad
Published: February 2023

Background Plastic surgery is considered one of the most competitive specialties globally. In Saudi Arabia, it was established in 2001 in the central province (Riyadh) and then expanded in 2009 to include more eastern and western provinces. Previous research has identified several factors that impact pursuing a career in plastic surgery.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted through a five-page, five-section questionnaire distributed among senior medical students and interns using online platforms between August 2021 and January 2022. The overall number of questions was 25, which tackled different aspects, including sociodemographic characteristics (i.e., age and gender); the duration of the elective rotation; supervisor during the elective; encouraging, discouraging, and influencing factors; and the rating of participants’ desire to become a plastic surgeon.Results After elective training, the most common factor that influenced medical students to choose a plastic surgery career was exposure to a variety of cases (favorable to agree: 80.4%), followed by involvement in clinical activities (i.e., rounding, clinics, and case presentations) (favorable to agree: 70.6%). On the contrary, the most common factor discouraging students from choosing a plastic surgery career after elective training was plastic surgery being a competitive specialty for matching (favorable to agree: 62.7%), followed by the intense workload (favorable to agree: 56.9%).Conclusions Medical students were more likely than medical interns to explore a career in plastic surgery. Exposure to a variety of cases, inspiring mentors, and a decent amount of time spent in the operating room were the most influential factors.
Salvage of a nasal chondrocutaneous flap after a traumatic avulsion injury using a combination of treatments polydeoxyribonucleotide injection, continuous non-rebreather mask oxygen therapy, and chemical leeching: a case report
Authors: Sun Hook , Kim Min Young , Kim Jin Woo
Published: February 2023

Skin avulsions are severe traumatic injuries, in which sections of skin and subcutaneous tissue are torn off from the body, and the surgical management and salvage of these injuries are quite challenging due to their high morbidity and mortality. The entire or partial loss of an avulsed flap is prone to occur. If this happens, scars can be particularly conspicuous, and additional surgery, such as skin grafts or local flaps or even composite grafts, might be required. A 24-year-old male patient presented to the emergency room with a severe traumatic avulsion injury on his nose. We used a combination of three therapies to minimize the loss of the distal portion of the avulsed flap: polydeoxyribonucleotide injection, continuous non-rebreather mask oxygen therapy, and chemical leeching. We achieved complete flap salvage of the avulsed wound, and the patient showed full satisfaction in both aesthetic and functional aspects. Although this report is confined to a single case of severe avulsed injury, we suggest this triple-combination therapy as a good combined modality for maximizing the salvage of an avulsed flap on the basis of this case and a literature review.
Japanese complaint responses in textbook dialogues and ordinary conversations: learning objects to expand interactional repertoires
Authors: Arita Yuki , Imamura Akiko
Published: February 2023

This study examines Japanese complaint responses appearing in naturally occurring interaction and textbook dialogues. The comparative analysis highlights that complaint responses in textbooks differ from those in mundane conversation. The inevitable difficulty for textbooks to reflect temporal and multimodal features of interaction results in the designs of affiliative responses being minimal and disaffiliative responses being more explicit. In contrast, conversation data indicates that complaint response turns are more intricately designed with multimodal semiotic resources and are precisely positioned according to the sequential development of complaints. By conducting empirical analyses, the study identifies interactional repertoires that are not observed in textbooks but employed in actual conversations. In doing so, it aims to expand the variety of the analysis of textbook dialogues to help calibrate the input for Japanese language pedagogy, while presenting a reference point for Japanese language learners to better understand the interactional organization of complaint sequences in mundane conversations.
Multiple symmetry protected BIC lines in two dimensional synthetic parameter space
Authors: Zhang Fengyuan , Chu Qiongqiong , Wang Qiang , Zhu Shining , Liu Hui
Published: February 2023

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) have attracted significant interest in recent years due to their unique optical properties, such as infinite quality factor and wave localization. In order to improve the optical performance of BICs based devices, more degrees of freedom are required to tune BICs in high-dimension parameter space for practical applications. To effectively tune more BICs, we form a 2D synthetic parameter space based on a nanohole metasurface array. Multiple symmetry protected BIC modes with high Q factors can be achieved at high-order symmetry point. Through manipulating asymmetry parameters, BIC lines formed by a series of BIC modes can be found in the 2D synthetic parameter space. Moreover, the electric field distributions are investigated to demonstrate the generation and evolution of BICs. By measuring the absorption spectra, the tuning of multiple BICs with synthetic asymmetry parameters is experimentally explored, which agrees well with theoretical results. Therefore, our design can provide new insight for a variety of on-chip applications, such as nonlinear devices, integrated nanolasing array, and high-resolution sensors for infrared molecular detection.
Combination of Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and in situ 3D-μ-CT in the analysis of the relationship between strains and porosity under creep loading
Authors: Camin B. , Hornig-Klamroth J. , zu Bentheim N.
Published: February 2023

In situ 3D μ-XCT allows the time and space resolved measurement and analysis of material damage in the component volume, whereas the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is a 2D method for the analysis of deformation measured on the surfaces of components. In situ 3D μ-XCT measurements were performed on cylindrical specimen made of SiC particle reinforced titanium MMC (MMC: Metal Matrix Composite) (15 % SiC particles) during creep load. The formation and evolution of voids were subsequently analyzed. Due to the rotationally symmetric sample geometry, the analysis of the deformation in the interior of the material by DIC using 2D slices is possible and evident. The dot pattern required to calculate the strain using DIC (speckle pattern) is provided by the intrinsic particle reinforcement of the MMCs. Temporally and locally changing and time-variant strain fields in both the tensile as well as the compressive range could be detected correlating with void formation and development area.
Imperfections in Inner Cavity of Row 4 Turbine Blade Caused by Metal-Core Reaction
Authors: Neidel A. , Cagliyan E. , Fischer B.
Published: February 2023

When selecting case studies for presentation in this section Failure Analysis of Practical Metallography, the authors of this contribution asked themselves time and again what conditions actually constitute a component failure. Conventional wisdom has it that a failure occurred when a component or assembly lost its function intended by design. The authors readily admit that this is decidedly not the case for the “failure” presented in this contribution. Not only did no failure occur (the component was successfully used in engine service for the intended operating time), but the subject turbine blade did not loose its intended function by any stretch of the imagination. Why is this case study then presented here anyway? Because the evaluation and assessment of severity of indications found upon non-de structive testing of the subject turbine blade was only possible after destructive metallurgical investigation. One could jokingly concede that the blade definitely lost its function after metallographic cut-up. In any case, in the “failure case” presented in this contribution, the engineering department did not dare to release the subject turbine component for renewed engine service after refurbishment, since indications were detected that could not be properly assessed, without destroying the part; hence the subject component was not fit for engine service. The inclined reader may himself decide whether this fact makes it a component failure.
Class of finite-dimensional matrices with diagonals that majorize their spectrum
Authors: Uhlmann Jeffrey
Published: February 2023

We define a special class of finite-dimensional matrices for which the diagonal majorizes the spectrum. This is the first class of matrices known to have this property, although the reverse majorization (i.e., the spectrum majorizing the diagonal) was previously known to hold for unitarily diagonalizable (i.e., normal) matrices. Currently, these are the only known matrix classes that structurally provide a majorization relationship between their spectrum and diagonal.
Egeria, Itinerario. El peregrinaje de Egeria. Itinerarius Egeriae
Authors: Ayala Calderón Javier
Published: February 2023

Reseña a: Egeria, Itinerario. El peregrinaje de Egeria. Itinerarius Egeriae