bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self‐Trapped Excitons in 2D SnP2S6 Crystal with Intrinsic Structural Distortion
Authors: Zhang Yue , Wang Fakun , Feng Xin , Zhang Zheng , Liu Kailang , Xia Fangfang , Liang Wenxi , Hu Xiaozong , Ma Ying , Li Huiqiao , Xing Guichuan , Zhai Tianyou
Published: July 2022

Exploring and utilizing novel materials with self‐trapped excitons (STEs) is highly desired due to their unique physical properties and multiple optoelectronic applications. Here, a 2D SnP2S6 crystal is reported with obvious STEs emission caused by distorted [SnS6]8‐ and [P2S6]4‐ octahedral units and strong electron‐phonon coupling. The STEs feature wide photoluminescence (PL) spectra range from 600 to 850 nm and a large Stokes redshift of ≈0.6 eV. Carrier dynamics measurements including temperature‐dependent PL and transient absorption reveal a large Huang–Rhys factor of ≈18.3 and a self‐trapping process of ≈101–103 ps in the 2D SnP2S6 crystal. Such self‐trapped states enable 2D SnP2S6 crystal a wide spectral response range and excellent photodetection performance. As a result, high responsivity (22.8 A W‐1) and detectivity (3.98 × 1010 Jones) are achieved under 365 nm light illumination. These results provide a deep insight into the photophysical process of STEs, which lays the foundation for developing novel STEs‐based materials and optoelectronic devices.
LiTaO3:Bi3+,Tb3+,Ga3+,Ge4+: A Smart Perovskite with High Charge Carrier Storage Capacity for X‐Ray Imaging, Stress Sensing, and Non‐Real‐Time Recording
Authors: Lyu Tianshuai , Dorenbos Pieter , Xiong Puxian , Wei Zhanhua
Published: July 2022

Developing X‐ray or UV‐light charged storage and mechanoluminescence (ML) materials with high charge carrier storage capacity is challenging. Such materials have promising utilization in developing new applications, for example, in flexible X‐ray imaging, stress sensing, or non‐real‐time recording. Herein, the study reports on such materials; Bi3+, Tb3+, Ga3+, or Ge4+ doped LiTaO3 perovskite storage and ML phosphors. Their photoluminescence, thermoluminescence (TL), and ML properties are studied. The charge carrier trapping and release processes in the Bi3+, Tb3+, Ga3+, or Ge4+ doped LiTaO3 are explained by using the constructed vacuum referred binding energy diagram of LiTaO3 including the energy level locations of unintended defects, Tb3+, Bi3+, and Bi2+. The ratio of the TL intensity after X‐ray charging of the optimized LiTaO3:0.005Bi3+,0.006Tb3+,0.05Ga3+, or LiTaO3:0.005Bi3+,0.006Tb3+,0.05Ge4+ to that of the state‐of‐the‐art BaFBr(I):Eu2+ is ≈1.2 and 2.7, respectively. Force induced charge carrier storage phenomena is studied in the Tb3+, Bi3+, Ga3+, or Ge4+ doped LiTaO3. Proof‐of‐concept compression force distribution sensing and X‐ray imaging is demonstrated by using optimized LiTaO3:0.005Bi3+,0.006Tb3+,0.05Ga3+ dispersed in a hard epoxy resin disc and in a silicone gel film. Proof‐of‐concept color‐tailorable ML for anti‐counterfeiting is demonstrated by admixing commercial ZnS:Cu+,Mn2+ with optimized LiTaO3:0.005Bi3+,0.006Tb3+,0.05Ge4+ in an epoxy resin disc.
Inhibition of Mitochondrial Biosynthesis Using a “Right‐Side‐Out” Membrane‐Camouflaged Micelle to Facilitate the Therapeutic Effects of Shikonin on Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Peng Jianqing , Hu Xiaoxia , Fan Shuangqin , Zhou Jia , Ren Shuang , Sun Runbin , Chen Yi , Shen Xiangchun , Chen Yan
Published: July 2022

The mitochondria represent a potential target for the treatment of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) and shikonin (SK) has shown remarkable therapeutic effects on TNBC. Herein, it is found that SK possesses potent inhibitory effects on mitochondrial biogenesis via targeting polymerase gamma (POLG). However, its application is restricted by its poor aqueous solubility and stability, and therefore, a biomimetic micelle to aid with tumor lesion accumulation and mitochondria‐targeted delivery of SK is designed. A folic acid (FA) conjugated polyethylene glycol derivative (FA‐PEG‐FA) is inserted onto the external membranes of red blood cells (FP‐RBCm) to prepare a “right‐side‐out” RBCm‐camouflaged cationic micelle (ThTM/SK@FP‐RBCm). Both FP‐RBCm coating and a triphenylphosphine (TPP) moiety on the periphery of micelles contribute to tumor lesion distribution, receptor‐mediated cellular uptake, and electrostatic attraction‐dependent mitochondrial targeting, thereby maximizing inhibitory effects on mitochondrial biosynthesis in TNBC cells. Intravenous administration of ThTM/SK@FP‐RBCm leads to profound inhibition of tumor growth and lung metastasis in a TNBC mouse model with no obvious toxicity. This work highlights the mitochondria‐targeted delivery of SK using a “right‐side‐out” membrane‐camouflaged micelle for the inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis and enhanced therapeutic effects on TNBC.
Compelling Evidence for the ε‐Phase InSe Crystal by Oblique Incident Second Harmonic Generation
Authors: Sun Zeyuan , Zhang Yu , Qian Jimin , Qiao Ruixi , Li Xian , Wang Zerui , Zheng Changlin , Liu Kaihui , Cao Ting , Liu Wei‐Tao , Wu Shiwei
Published: July 2022

Indium selenide (InSe), a layered semiconductor with direct band gap and high carrier mobility, holds promising applications in bendable electronics and ultrafast optoelectronics. Yet its crystal structure exhibits polytypism with four different stacking orders (γ‐, ε‐, β‐ and δ‐phases), arising from the weak van der Waals interlayer coupling. These phases are nearly‐degenerate in energy but are predicted to have contrasting electronic structures for versatile applications. It remains highly challenging to distinguish between these polytypes due to the lack of noninvasive tools that are sensitive enough to the interlayer structural variations. Here, the unambiguous discrimination of different InSe polytypes using symmetry‐sensitive oblique incident optical second harmonic generation (SHG) is demonstrated. Surprisingly, the ε‐phase is found to be dominant, although the samples from two popular commercial vendors (2D Semiconductors and Six Carbon Technology) are claimed to be the γ‐phase. These results would help promoting the precise application of InSe crystal for piezoelectric transducer and strain sensing, as well as showing the oblique incident SHG to be a powerful structural analytical tool for van der Waals layered materials.
3D Printed Skin‐Interfaced UV‐Visible Hybrid Photodetectors
Authors: Ouyang Xia , Su Ruitao , Ng Daniel Wai Hou , Han Guebum , Pearson David R. , McAlpine Michael C.
Published: July 2022

Photodetectors that are intimately interfaced with human skin and measure real‐time optical irradiance are appealing in the medical profiling of photosensitive diseases. Developing compliant devices for this purpose requires the fabrication of photodetectors with ultraviolet (UV)‐enhanced broadband photoresponse and high mechanical flexibility, to ensure precise irradiance measurements across the spectral band critical to dermatological health when directly applied onto curved skin surfaces. Here, a fully 3D printed flexible UV‐visible photodetector array is reported that incorporates a hybrid organic‐inorganic material system and is integrated with a custom‐built portable console to continuously monitor broadband irradiance in‐situ. The active materials are formulated by doping polymeric photoactive materials with zinc oxide nanoparticles in order to improve the UV photoresponse and trigger a photomultiplication (PM) effect. The ability of a stand‐alone skin‐interfaced light intensity monitoring system to detect natural irradiance within the wavelength range of 310–650 nm for nearly 24 h is demonstrated.
Frailty and surgical outcomes in gastrointestinal cancer: Integration of geriatric assessment and prehabilitation into surgical practice for vulnerable patients
Authors: Mima Kosuke , Nakagawa Shigeki , Miyata Tatsunori , Yamashita Yo‐ichi , Baba Hideo
Published: July 2022

As life expectancy increases, the older population continues to grow rapidly, resulting in increased requirement for surgery for older patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Older individuals represent a heterogeneous group in terms of physiological reserves, co‐morbidity, cognitive impairment, and disability. Owing to the lack of treatment guidelines for vulnerable patients with gastrointestinal cancer, these patients are more likely to be at risk of undertreatment or overtreatment. Hence, the identification of frail patients with gastrointestinal cancer would improve cancer treatment outcomes. Although there is no standardized geriatric assessment tool, a growing body of research has shown associations of frailty with adverse postoperative outcomes and poor prognosis after resection of gastrointestinal tract and hepatobiliary‐pancreatic cancers. Emerging evidence suggests that prehabilitation, which includes exercise and nutritional support, can improve preoperative functional capacity, postoperative recovery, and surgical outcomes, particularly in frail patients with gastrointestinal cancer. We reviewed major geriatric assessment tools for identification of frail patients and summarized clinical studies on frailty and surgical outcomes, as well as prehabilitation or rehabilitation in gastrointestinal tract and hepatobiliary‐pancreatic cancers. The integration of preoperative geriatric assessment and prehabilitation of frail patients in clinical practice may improve surgical outcomes. In addition, improving preoperative vulnerability and preventing functional decline after surgery is important in providing favorable long‐term survival in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Further clinical trials are needed to examine the effects of minimally invasive surgery, and chemotherapy in frail patients with gastrointestinal cancer.
The relationship between total energy expenditure and physical activity level in women living in an impoverished Brazilian urban area
Authors: Macena Mateus L. , Hoffman Daniel J. , Clemente Ana Paula , Ferriolli Eduardo , Pfrimer Karina , Florêncio Telma Maria T. , Bueno Nassib B.
Published: July 2022

Objective

This study aimed to describe how strong is the relationship between TEE and PAL in women living in an impoverished Brazilian urban area.

Methods

Anthropometric, hormonal (insulin, TSH, FT4, and FT3), body composition (deuterium), TEE (doubly labeled water) and PAL (metabolic equivalent task [MET]—7‐day triaxial accelerometer, ActivPAL®) data were collected from 55 women (mean age: 31y, mean BMI: 27.4 kg/m2). Adjusted‐TEE models were calculated incorporating the residuals of anthropometric, hormonal, and body composition variables in the TEE, to assess the relation between MET and adjusted‐TEE, through three different analyzes: linear regression, nonlinear regression and change‐point regression.

Results

Most participants (89.1%, n = 49) were classified as low‐active. There was no association between crude TEE and MET.h/d (R2 = 0.05; p = 0.09). There was a positive, although weak, linear relationship between adjusted‐TEE and MET.h/d (β = 2705.26 kcal; 95% CI: 436.25; 4974.27; adj‐R2 = 0.08). A change point of this relationship was identified in the MET.h/d value of 1.53 (SD = 0.02; adj‐R2= 0.13). The association between adjusted‐TEE and MET.h/d before the change point (β = 5101.46 kcal; 95%CI: 978.84; 9224.08; adj‐R2 = 0.11) was stronger than the association in the full linear model, nevertheless, it was still weak. This association stop existing when it is assessed in individuals after the change point (β = −6609.92 kcal; 95%CI: −16773.24; 3553.40; adj‐R2 = 0.08).

Conclusions

These results suggest that the relationship between TEE and PAL is weak and it is not completely linear in women living in an impoverished Brazilian urban area.
Synthetic Applications of Ambiphilic C‐acylimines in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Pareek Abhishek , Singh Garima , Yaragorla Srinivasarao
Published: July 2022

C‐acylimines are generally obtained through condensation/dehydration of simple and readily available glyoxals and amines. The structure resembles naturally occurring biological substances due to the presence of the imino group (−N=C−). Chemically, C‐acylimines exhibit ambiphilic reactivity, and hence, their synthetic chemistry becomes more attractive and viable for the synthesis of various aza‐cyclic/heterocyclic compounds, including their asymmetric counterpart. Therefore, many synthetic methodologies were developed from these readily preparable C‐acylimines. Surprisingly, there is no account/review available on this specific topic. Hence we present here an account of all the synthetic endeavours developed from C‐acylimines to synthesize small molecules and complex systems using various strategies.
The impacts of health insurance and resource on the burden of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in the world population
Authors: Wang Jin‐Tao , Xu Gang , Ren Ru‐Jing , Wang Ying , Tang Ran , Huang Qiang , Li Jian‐Ping , Al‐Nusaif Murad , Le Wei‐Dong , Wang Gang
Published: July 2022

Introduction

The increasing prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) presents both a burden and an opportunity for intervention. This study aims to estimate the impacts of health insurance and resources on the burden attributed to ADRD.

Method

Data were mainly collected from global databases for ADRD. Analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, random‐effects, and fixed‐effects model analyses were used in this study.

Results

Although the current medical expenditures were increasing and out of pocket (OOP) expenditures were declining generally in various countries, the collected global data showed an increased burden of ADRD on patients both physically and economically. Furthermore, health resources were negatively associated with disability‐adjusted life years (DALY), death, and years of life lost (YLL), but were otherwise positively associated with years of life lived with disability (YLD).

Discussion

Effective measures should be considered to cope with the rising burden. Meanwhile, there is an urgent call for constructive and sustainable rational plans and global collaboration.

Highlights

We explored how health insurance and resources affect Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD)‐related burden.

Health insurance and resources were imbalanced among four income level groups.

Health insurance and resources may decrease the total ADRD burden primarily from a reduction in death‐related burden.

Health insurance and resources may increase disability‐related burden.
Pentadecanedioic acid production from 15‐hydroxypentadecanoic acid using an engineered biocatalyst with a co‐factor regeneration system
Authors: Shin Kyung‐Chul , Kang Su‐Hwan , Lee Tae‐Eui , Kim Tae‐Hun , Oh Deok‐Kun
Published: July 2022

α,ω‐Dicarboxylic acids are valuable precursors in various chemical industries and have recently been produced using biotechnological methods to overcome the limitations of chemical synthesis. Nonanedioic acid, decanedioic acid, undecanedioic acid, and dodecanedioic acid have been produced at high concentrations from ω‐hydroxycarboxylic acids using engineered biocatalysts. However, no study has been attempted on the efficient production of pentadecanedioic acid. Here, the production of pentadecanedioic acid from 15‐hydroxypentadecanoic acid was carried out with alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs), aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs), and NAD(P)H oxidases, including NAD(P)H flavin oxidoreductase (NFO), that used a co‐factor regeneration system, derived from several species and expressed in Escherichia coli. Among the enzymes, Kangiella koreensis ADH (KkADH), Geobacillus kaustophilus ALDH (GkALDH), and Deinococcus radiodurans NFO (DrNFO) were selected because they had the highest activity. E. coli expressing pRSF‐DrNFO and pACYC‐KkADH/GkALDH as the best distribution of three genes in two plasmids was used as a biocatalyst to produce pentadecanedioic acid. The optimal conditions for producing pentadecanedioic acid from 15‐hydroxypentadecanoic acid by the biocatalyst were pH 8.0, 35°C, 5% (v/v) methanol, 40 g L−1 cells, and 60 mM 15‐hydroxypentadecanoic acid with agitation at 250 rpm. Under these optimized conditions, 57.4 mM pentadecanedioic acid was produced after 3 h, with a molar yield of 95.6% and a productivity of 19.1 mM h−1. The molar yield and concentration of pentadecanedioic acid showed the highest values among the reported biotechnological production of pentadecanedioic acid.
Both Disease Activity and HLA–B27 Status Are Associated With Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Spondyloarthritis Patients
Authors: Berland Magali , Meslier Victoria , Berreira Ibraim Samar , Le Chatelier Emmanuelle , Pons Nicolas , Maziers Nicolas , Thirion Florence , Gauthier Franck , Plaza Oñate Florian , Furet Jean‐Pierre , Leboime Ariane , Said‐Nahal Roula , Levenez Florence , Galleron Nathalie , Quinquis Benoît , Langella Philippe , Ehrlich Stanislav Dusko , Breban Maxime
Published: July 2022

Objective

Gut microbiome dysbiosis has previously been reported in spondyloarthritis (SpA) patients and could be critically involved in the pathogenesis of this disorder. The objectives of this study were to further characterize the microbiota structure in SpA patients and to investigate the relationship between dysbiosis and disease activity in light of the putative influence of the genetic background.

Methods

Shotgun sequencing was performed on fecal DNA isolated from stool samples from 2 groups of adult volunteers: SpA patients (n = 102) and healthy controls (n = 63). A subset of the healthy controls comprised the age‐matched siblings of patients whose HLA–B27 status was known. Changes in gut microbiota composition were assessed based on species diversity, enterotypes, and taxonomic and functional differences.

Results

Dysbiosis was confirmed in SpA patients as compared to healthy controls. The restriction of microbiota diversity was detected in patients with the most active disease, and the abundance of several bacterial species was correlated with Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index score. Among healthy controls, significant differences in microbiota composition were also detected between the HLA–B27–positive and the HLA–B27–negative siblings of SpA patients. We highlighted a decreased abundance of several species of bacteria in SpA patients, especially those bacteria belonging to the Clostridiales order. Among the few species of bacteria showing increased abundance, Ruminococcus gnavus was one of the top differentiating species.

Conclusion

These findings reveal that genetic background and level of disease activity are likely to influence the composition of the gut microbiota of patients with SpA. It may be appropriate for further research on chronic arthritis to focus on these key parameters.
Phosphatidylinositol 3‐Kinase δ Deficiency Protects From Antimyeloperoxidase Vasculitis
Authors: Flórez‐Barrós Fernanda , Freeley Simon , Tham El Li , Robson Michael G.
Published: July 2022

Objective

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis (AAV) is a systemic autoimmune disease in which glomerulonephritis is an important manifestation. Antibodies against myeloperoxidase (MPO) or proteinase 3 are thought to be important in pathogenesis. Phosphoinositide 3‐kinase δ (PI3Kδ) mediates a number of effects in lymphocytes, but its role in myeloid cell responses is less clear. Therefore, this study was undertaken to assess this in a preclinical model of glomerulonephritis induced by the transfer of antibodies to MPO.

Methods

D910A mice with inactive PI3Kδ were compared with wild‐type controls. Disease protocols allowed for a comparison of experimental groups in the setting of both mild and more severe disease. Adoptive transfer experiments were performed, with flow cytometric analysis of digested kidneys taken at the end of the experiment.

Results

With mild disease, D910A mice had fewer glomerular macrophages, fewer glomerular neutrophils, and reduced albuminuria compared with wild‐type controls. With more severe disease, they also had fewer glomerular crescents and lower serum creatinine levels, indicating protection from acute kidney injury. Adoptive transfer experiments showed a defect in the recruitment of D910A monocytes to the diseased kidney.

Conclusion

Mice with inactive PI3Kδ were protected from anti‐MPO vasculitis. This is due to cell intrinsic defect in the recruitment of monocytes to the kidney. These findings suggest that PI3Kδ is a potential therapeutic target in AAV.
A spatial model to jointly analyze self‐reported survey data of COVID‐19 symptoms and official COVID‐19 incidence data
Authors: Vranckx Maren , Faes Christel , Molenberghs Geert , Hens Niel , Beutels Philippe , Van Damme Pierre , Aerts Jan , Petrof Oana , Pepermans Koen , Neyens Thomas
Published: July 2022

This work presents a joint spatial modeling framework to improve estimation of the spatial distribution of the latent COVID‐19 incidence in Belgium, based on test‐confirmed COVID‐19 cases and crowd‐sourced symptoms data as reported in a large‐scale online survey. Correction is envisioned for stochastic dependence between the survey's response rate and spatial COVID‐19 incidence, commonly known as preferential sampling, but not found significant. Results show that an online survey can provide valuable auxiliary data to optimize spatial COVID‐19 incidence estimation based on confirmed cases in situations with limited testing capacity. Furthermore, it is shown that an online survey on COVID‐19 symptoms with a sufficiently large sample size per spatial entity is capable of pinpointing the same locations that appear as test‐confirmed clusters, approximately 1 week earlier. We conclude that a large‐scale online study provides an inexpensive and flexible method to collect timely information of an epidemic during its early phase, which can be used by policy makers in an early phase of an epidemic and in conjunction with other monitoring systems.
Teaching social initiations to elementary‐aged children with autism: A systematic review
Authors: Aal Ismail Hazim , Weglarz‐Ward Jenna M. , Sarisahin Suheyla
Published: July 2022

Children initiate social interactions to greet, ask questions, invite peers to play, and for many other purposes. However, failure to initiate social interactions is one of the social communication criteria that are required to diagnose autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and may limit social opportunities for children with ASD. Several researchers examined different interventions to teach social initiations to elementary‐aged children with ASD. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the interventions that were used to teach social initiations to elementary‐aged children with ASD and their outcomes in social initiations, maintenance, generalization, and social validity. The reviewed interventions were generally helpful in teaching, generalizing, and maintaining social initiations for elementary‐aged children with ASD. Although limited, social validity evaluations support the interventions, target behaviors, and/or outcomes. Gaps and implications for professionals and researchers were discussed.
On the structures and luminescence properties of Eu3+‐doped Li2CaGeO4, Ca2GeO4, and Ca5Ge3O11 compounds
Authors: Koseva Iovka , Nikolov Velin , Nikolova Rosica , Tzvetkov Peter , Ivanov Petar , Petrova Petia , Tomova Reni , Kuvandjiev Nikola , Tarassov Mihail
Published: July 2022

Powder samples of Li2CaGeO4, Ca2GeO4, and Ca5Ge3O11 doped by 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 at% Eu3+ relative to the Ca2+, were prepared using a conventional solid‐state synthesis technique. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed obtaining the pure phases at all dopant concentrations. In parallel, single crystals of the three compounds with the experimentally found optimal Eu3+ concentration were grown using a flux method. Structural investigation on the single crystals were done with a special attention to the form of the Ca–O polyhedron, the mean Ca–O distance, the Ca–Ca distance in the structure, the distortion degree of the polyhedron, as well as the Eu–Ca substitution site. The main spectral characteristics were analyzed and several relationships between the structural and spectra features were found. The optimal dopant concentration was 3 at% for Ca2GeO4 and 4at% for Ca5Ge3O11 and Li2CaGeO4. Commission Internationale de l'éclairage coordinates of the samples showed emission colours in the red region close to the standard red coordinates and slightly influenced by the active ion concentration. The obtained results showed that europium‐doped Li2CaGeO4, Ca2GeO4, and Ca5Ge3O11 could be used as red phosphors.
Transport and mobility decisions of consumers with disabilities
Authors: Mogaji Emmanuel , Bosah Genevieve , Nguyen Nguyen Phong
Published: July 2022

People with disabilities are the world's largest minority stakeholder group, and they continue to face significant challenges in every aspect of their lives. This study explored the transport and mobility decisions of consumers with disabilities (CWDs) in the context of Nigeria, one of the world's largest developing countries, using the conservation of resources theory and the intersection of travel decisions, disability and country context regarding consumer behaviour. A total of 32 individuals with varying disabilities were interviewed. A thematic analysis of qualitative data revealed that CWDs make travel decisions based on their ability, as well as the availability, accessibility, affordability and reliability of different modes of transport. This study presents a conceptual framework illustrating the transport and mobility decisions of CWDs and highlights practical implications for various stakeholders.
PROTOCOL: School‐based language, math, and reading interventions for executive functions in children and adolescents: A systematic review
Authors: Dietrichson Jens , Thomsen Morten Kjær , Seerup Julie Kaas , Strandby Martin Williams , Viinholt Bjørn Christian Arleth , Bengtsen Elizabeth
Published: July 2022

This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. Our primary objective for this systematic review is to examine if preschool and school‐based interventions aimed at improving language, literacy, and/or mathematical skills increase children's and adolescents' executive functions. As a secondary objective, we will examine how the effects of language, literacy, and mathematics interventions on executive functions are moderated by the subject of the intervention, child age or grade, the type of EF measured, and the at‐risk status of participants. We will also explore how the effects are moderated by other study characteristics, and estimate the effects of the included interventions on language, literacy, and mathematical skills.
PROTOCOL: Gender transformative approaches in agriculture for women's empowerment: A systematic review
Authors: Singh Sabina , Mohan Ashima , Saran Ashrita , Puskur Ranjitha , Mishra Avni , Etale Linda , Cole Steven Michael , Masset Edoardo , Waddington Hugh Sharma , MacDonald Heather , White Howard
Published: July 2022

This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the effectiveness of interventions with gender transformative approach (GTA) components in improving women's empowerment in low‐ and middle‐income countries, and to curate evidence on the mechanisms through which GTA works to improve women's empowerment in agriculture.
Phase 1 Study Evaluating Pharmacokinetics and Tolerability of Ofatumumab Combined With Bendamustine in Patients With Indolent B‐Cell Non‐Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Forero‐Torres Andres , Chandler Jason Claud , Iyer Swaminathan P. , Kanate Abraham S. , Quinlan Michelle , Hoever Petra , Izquierdo Miguel , Davis Jaclyn , Madan Sumit
Published: July 2022

The pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of ofatumumab and bendamustine alone and in combination were evaluated in patients with treatment‐naive or relapsed indolent B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (iNHL). Patients were randomly assigned to ofatumumab and bendamustine or ofatumumab alone. Ofatumumab PK concentration profiles and parameters were similar, alone or in combination with bendamustine. A decrease of 14% in the maximum observed plasma concentration (Cmax) and 15% in the area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) from time 0 to the last measurable concentration sampling time (AUClast) was observed for ofatumumab coadministered with bendamustine, which was not considered clinically relevant. Bendamustine PK concentration profiles and parameters were similar with or without ofatumumab. The most frequent treatment‐related adverse event was infusion‐related reaction in 53% in the combination arm and 47% in the ofatumumab arm. No relevant drug‐drug interaction was observed between ofatumumab and bendamustine. Ofatumumab alone or in combination with bendamustine had a manageable safety profile.
Drones for Fruit Producers
Authors: Nambi Eva , Walsh Olga S. , Ansah Emmanuella Owusu , Lamichhane Ritika
Published: July 2022

Fruit orchards require site‐specific or even individual‐tree‐specific management throughout the growing season. Remote sensing via drones, or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), is becoming more common among growers and is useful for real‐time crop monitoring, weed detection, tree classification, water stress assessment, disease detection, yield and fruit quality estimation, and various pest and nutrient management strategies. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Crop Management by reading the article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
Adverse analytical finding due to red blood cells transfusion: A rare case involving the diuretic dorzolamide
Authors: Kintz Pascal , Gheddar Laurie , Raul Jean‐Sébastien
Published: July 2022

Early November 2020 an Olympic gold medal winner returned during an out‐competition control an adverse analytical finding for dorzolamide, a diuretic mostly used to treat glaucoma. Estimated urine concentrations were 2.2 and 1.6 ng/ml in the A and B specimens, respectively. As the athlete denied any use of dorzolamide, a complex forensic investigation was suggested. It revealed that the athlete was severely injured during a car crash 6 months before where he received 2× 500 ml of red blood cells transfusion. One of the blood donors declared using dorzolamide. A plasma aliquot, stored for legal purposes, was tested by LC‐MS/MS several months later and contained 4.3 ng/ml of dorzolamide. Given the very long half‐life of the drug, up to 150 days and its reported incorporation into erythrocyte, it was accepted by the French antidoping administration (AFLD) that the source of contamination was this blood transfusion and that the antidoping rule violation was unintended.
Simulation of the potential distribution of rare and endangered Satyrium species in China under climate change
Authors: Ouyang Xianheng , Bai Shihao , Strachan Garry Brien , Chen Anliang
Published: July 2022

Satyrium is an endangered and rare genus of plant that has various pharmacodynamic functions. In this study, optimized MaxEnt models were used in analyzing potential geographical distributions under current and future climatic conditions (the 2050s and 2070s) and dominant environmental variables influencing their geographic distribution. The results provided reference for implementation of long‐term conservation and management approaches for the species. The results showed that the area of the total suitable habitat for Satyrium ciliatum (S. ciliatum) in China is 32.51 × 104 km2, the total suitable habitat area for Satyrium nepalense (S. nepalense) in China is 61.76 × 104 km2, and the area of the total suitable habitat for Satyrium yunnanense (S. yunnanense) in China is 89.73 × 104 km2 under current climatic conditions. The potential suitable habitat of Satyrium is mainly distributed in Southwest China. The major environmental variables influencing the geographical distribution of S. ciliatum were isothermality (bio3), temperature seasonality (bio4), and mean temperature of coldest quarter (bio11). Environmental variables such as isothermality (bio3), temperature seasonality (bio4), and precipitation of coldest quarter (bio19) affected the geographical distribution of S. nepalense; and environmental variables such as isothermality (bio3), temperature seasonality (bio4), and lower temperature of coldest month (bio6) affected the geographical distribution of S. yunnanense. The distribution range of Satyrium was extended as global warming increased, showing emissions of greenhouse gases with lower concentration (SSP1‐2.6) and higher concentration (SSP5‐8.5). According to the study, the distribution of suitable habitat will shift with a change to higher elevation areas and higher latitude areas in the future.
Revascularization for controlling hypertension and improving cardiorenal failure in Leriche syndrome
Authors: Takagi Sho , Hirano Keisuke , Nakasu Akio , Yanagisawa Junji , Goto Yoshihiro , Okawa Yasuhide
Published: July 2022

Leriche syndrome usually occurs when atherosclerotic obstructions result in luminal narrowing of the abdominal aorta or iliac arteries and leads to thrombosis; it rarely causes heart or renal failure. We report the case of a 58‐year‐old Asian man with heart and renal failure as the dominant clinical manifestations of renovascular hypertension caused by Leriche syndrome. We performed an aorto‐bifemoral bypass and unilateral renal artery stenting. Post‐operative echocardiography showed improved cardiac function, with the left ventricular ejection fraction increasing from 30% before surgery to 54.2% after surgery. Moreover, his heart rate and blood pressure became stable, and his serum creatinine and brain natriuretic peptide levels decreased from 3.46 to 1.08 mg/dL and 685 to 4 pg/mL, respectively. Our case report shows that aorto‐bifemoral bypass and unilateral renal artery stenting can effectively treat heart and renal failure resulting from renovascular hypertension caused by Leriche syndrome.
Optimization on information freshness for multi‐access users with energy harvesting cognitive radio networks
Authors: Wang Junyan , Jia Xiangdong , Chen Zhi , Zhang Xin
Published: July 2022

For the multi‐access channel wireless sensor network scenario with limited channel resources, the transmission of real‐time information needs to consider the channel environment, spectrum utilization and the freshness of information. First, we present a cognitive network model where secondary user (SU) shares the primary user (PU) spectrum through the underlay scheme. The sensor nodes with energy harvesting (EH) capabilities dynamically monitor changes in the surrounding environment and transmit status updates to the common secondary destination node. Considering the stability of the data queue in the SU as well as the working state and stable service interference constraints of PU, an optimization problem of minimizing the average AoI and average peak AoI (PAoI) of the EH node is proposed. Second, two policies are used to solve the above problems, including the decentralized probabilistic‐random‐access (PRA) policy and the drift plus penalty (DPP) policyin. In PRA policy, two SU nodes make independent transmission decisions based on corresponding probability distributions, and in DPP policy, the Lyapunov optimization framework is used to optimize scheduling decisions in the timeslots for optimizing the age of data packets. The simulation results show that the optimization of AoI under the DPP policy is more significant than the PRA policy, which can effectively improve the timeliness and freshness of data packets.
A novel Hypertuned Prophet based power saving approach for IoT enabled smart homes
Authors: Sharma Deepak Kumar , Jain Vidhi , Dhingra Bhavya , Datta Gupta Koyel , Ghosh Uttam , Al‐Numay Waleed
Published: July 2022

Recent advances in energy conversion, information technology, the internet, new types of web, and communication technologies have enabled the interconnection of all physical objects, including sensors and actuators. Web‐enabled smart objects have paved the way for smart homes by enabling innovative services. In this work, the idea of using time series analysis based on machine learning and forecasting considering the weather conditions is discussed, to enhance automation and improve intelligence. The proposed Prophet model is used to predict the future net energy consumption and generation for improving energy efficiency and enabling power backup. Energy efficiency is the need of the hour, wherein major utilization of energy is in the residential sector, it is gravely important to analyze current generation and consumption and act accordingly for the future predicted results. Moreover, smart homes are dependent on web technologies and telecommunication for the operation of every action, which makes it crucial to have necessary power backup. The Prophet forecasting model, after parameter tuning and logistic growth pattern with additional regressors, gives only 0.27 mean absolute error and 0.13 mean squared error for predicting future energy consumption as compared to other models.
Preparation, binding behaviours and thermal stability of inclusion complexes between (Z)‐jasmone and acyclic cucurbit[n]urils
Authors: Yin Peipei , Zhang Shuqing , Liu Jing , Liao Xiali , Zhou Guiyuan , Yang Jing , Wang Baoxing , Yang Bo
Published: July 2022

(Z)‐jasmone is the most important contribution to the scents of perfumes and cosmetics. However, (Z)‐jasmone is water insoluble and highly volatile, which limits its development and application. Inclusion technology has become a promising strategy to improve the solubility and stability of hydrophobic small molecules. Here, we used saturated aqueous solution and freeze‐drying method to prepare solid inclusion complexes of (Z)‐jasmone and three acyclic cucurbit[n]urils (ACBs, M1‐M3), and studied their binding behaviours by fluorescence spectroscopy, NMR, XRD, FT‐IR, TG and DSC, confirming the formation of the host‐guest inclusion complexes. The stoichiometry of inclusion complexes was 1:1 by Job's plot. The inclusion complexes exhibited better water solubility, higher thermal stability and heat‐controlled release comparing with that of native (Z)‐jasmone. This work uncloses a new strategy to enhance the performance of essential oil and flavours/fragrances and further application in the field of cosmetic and food industry.
Systematic review of head and neck lymphedema assessment
Authors: Fadhil Matthew , Singh Ravjit , Havas Thomas , Jacobson Ian
Published: July 2022

Head and neck lymphedema (HNL) is an increasingly recognized complication of head and neck cancer and its treatment. However, no consensus exists on the “gold‐standard” assessment tool for the purposes of diagnosis, classification, or monitoring of HNL. We conducted a systematic review of the literature regarding HNL assessment to determine the optimal method/s of assessment for patients with HNL. A review of publications between January 2000 and September 2021 was undertaken on four electronic databases. Studies were excluded if no clear assessment method of HNL was documented. Sixty‐seven articles were included in the study. A wide range of assessment methods for HNL have been reported in the literature. For the purposes of diagnosis and classification of physical findings, computed tomography (CT) appears the most promising tool available for both external and internal HNL. In terms of monitoring, ultrasound appears optimal for external HNL, while a clinician‐reported rating scale on laryngoscopy is the gold standard for internal HNL. Patient‐reported assessment must be considered alongside objective methods to classify symptom burden and monitor improvement with treatment.
A social network perspective on workplace inclusion: The role of network closure, network centrality, and need for affiliation
Authors: Grosser Travis J. , Sterling Christopher M. , Piplani Rohit S. , Cullen‐Lester Kristin L. , Floyd Theresa M.
Published: July 2022

Organizations are increasingly recognizing the important role employee inclusion perceptions play in promoting positive employee attitudes and behaviors. Although social networks are frequently cited as being a driver of perceived inclusion, little empirical work has examined the social network conditions that give rise to it. We address this gap by examining how both network position (indegree centrality) and network structure (network closure) relate to perceived workplace inclusion. We test our hypotheses with a sample of 364 professionals in a multinational pharmaceutical firm. We find that both indegree centrality and network closure are positively related to perceived workplace inclusion. The relationship between network centrality and perceived workplace inclusion is strengthened by a high level of network closure. In addition, the relationship between network closure and perceived workplace inclusion is strengthened by a high level of need for affiliation. Our results, therefore, suggest that both network centrality and closure play an important role in employee perceptions of inclusion and demonstrate the importance of considering need for affiliation as a boundary condition. We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for theory and practice.
Targeting breast cancer with a combination of DNT and LAG3 checkpoint blockage and its mechanism
Authors: Wang Miao , Wei Yuhan , Li Yingrui , Li Hongzhong , Jin Jiangtao , Lu Yuting , Li Qin
Published: July 2022

Introduction

The characteristics of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) are closely related to immunotherapy. Breast cancer can benefit from immunotherapy, and its TIME is still unclear.

Methods

We utilized mass cytometry to explore the immune cell heterogeneity in breast cancer. Double‐negative T cells (DNTs) from healthy volunteers (HBs) were enriched in vitro. Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell surface receptors of cancer cells and DNT cells. The correlation between immune checkpoints and the abundance of immune cells or prognosis of breast cancer was analyzed by the TCGA database. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of functional genes was performed by quantitative real‐time PCR.

Results

We found that the frequencies of Granzyme B (GZMB)+CD8+T and GZMB+DNT cells in cancer tissues (CA) of breast cancer were lower than those in blood samples of patients (PB), and the frequencies of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1)+CD8+T and PD1+DNT cells in CA were higher than those in PB. DNTs from HBs had a cytotoxic effect on MDA‐MB‐231. LAG3Ab could upregulate the mRNA expression of interferon gamma and perforin by increasing T‐BET transcription to enhance the cytotoxicity of DNT cells in vitro.

Conclusion

Our study revealed the suppressive status of TIME in breast cancer and supported DNT cells had the potential to be applied as a novel adoptive cell therapy for TNBC either alone or combined with LAG3Ab.
Influenza incidence overlapped with COVID‐19 or under COVID‐19 control measures
Authors: Shokri Azad , Moradi Ghobad , Moradpour Farhad , Mohamadi Bolbanabad Amjad , Younesi Fatemeh , Daftarifard Parisa , Ebrazeh Ali
Published: July 2022

Introduction

COVID‐19 pandemic caused infection when influenza was still prevalent. This study was conducted to examine influenza incidence overlapped with COVID‐19 and the effect of the COVID‐19 measures on influenza incidence as a proxy.

Methods

The routine sentinel surveillance data on COVID‐19 and influenza was obtained from the national integrated care electronic health record system. Data were collected in 28 points from 11 months before the outbreak (from March 2019 to January 2020) and 17 months after the outbreak (February 2020 to June 2021).

Results

In Iran, the incidence rate of influenza was 51.1 cases per 100,000 populations in November 2019, while it was only 0.1 in November 2020. The average number of influenza cases specifically for the Kurdistan province during the seasonal flu peak in 2019–2020 was 2.5 cases per 100,000 populations, while the average of influenza cases in the preceding 4 years was 0.4 cases per 100,000 populations. In other words, the seasonal peak of influenza in Iran was significantly higher than that of previous and after years.

Conclusion

It seems that some of the nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) used to control COVID‐19 are effective against influenza epidemics and the results indicated a marked decline in the number of influenza cases may cause after the implementation of public health measures for COVID‐19. The results showed the seasonal peak of influenza in Iran was significantly higher than that of previous years, so it seems that the influenza winter peak season (November 2019) overlapped with SARS‐CoV‐2 causing observed undetected infection during influenza winter peak.
Inversion of loading‐implicit adsorption isotherms by means of the Lambert W function
Authors: Brião Giani de Vargas , Chu Khim Hoong
Published: July 2022

Background

Simple isotherm models, such as the Langmuir and Freundlich equations, are frequently used to correlate water contaminant adsorption data. In the conventional data fitting approach, the Langmuir and Freundlich equations are fitted to experimental data by minimizing the difference between the measured and calculated adsorbed phase concentrations. However, some isotherm equations are implicit in adsorbed phase concentration. Such isotherms must be converted to explicit forms to allow the use of standard nonlinear regression methods in data correlation. This paper explores the use of the Lambert W function to invert the loading‐implicit isotherms of Elovich, Volmer, and Jossens to solve for adsorbed phase concentration as a function of liquid phase concentration.

Results

The inverted Elovich, Volmer, and Jossens isotherms were fitted to literature adsorption data of water contaminants using the standard nonlinear regression procedure in Excel. Data fitting was accomplished by making use of a freely available Excel add‐in and a highly accurate analytical approximation to evaluate the Lambert W function. The inverted isotherms were tested against the experimental isotherms of cobalt, uranium, and cephalosporin C. In all cases studied, satisfactory fits were obtained, validating the practicability of the proposed data fitting approach.

Conclusions

The loading‐implicit Elovich, Volmer, and Jossens isotherms can be formulated as loading‐explicit equations in terms of the Lambert W function, thus allowing the use of conventional least‐squares fitting procedures in data correlation. The practical implementation of the Lambert W function in Excel provides a novel method to fit loading‐implicit isotherms to experimental data of water contaminants. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Point of care testing to monitor INR control in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Masucci Michael , Li Kam Wa Annabelle , Shingleton Emilia , Martin Jonathan , Mahir Zahra , Breen Karen
Published: July 2022

Patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) typically require lifelong warfarin anticoagulation following a thrombotic event due to a significant risk of recurrent thrombosis. Point of care testing (POCT) to monitor INR is discouraged in patients with APS as interactions between antiphospholipid antibodies and thromboplastin used for INR testing may influence results. Review of INR testing in 36 APS patients showed 87.2% of paired POCT and venous INRs (n = 94) having acceptable variation (≤0.5 difference), and high correlation (r = 0.9) excluding INRs ≥4.8. Six‐month TTR was comparable for APS patients using POCT (57.1% ± 24.8%) to those using venous INR monitoring (59.2% ± 23.2%) (p = 0.66). These results support POCT management of APS but requires further study.