bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE USE OF BRITISH PARLIAMENTARY DEBATE TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE ENGLISH-SPEAKING ABILITY FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Anggraeni Rani Dyah , Chakim Nur
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate if there was any improvement of English-speaking ability of the high school students using British Parliamentary Debate (BPD) technique in five components of speaking (vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, comprehension, fluency) and to identify how the students’ perception about this BPD technique can improve their English-speaking ability through various sections in BPD technique. This study was used a quantitative method through pre-experimental design. The research used technique simple random sampling to select the participants. In addition, there were any pre- and post-test to find out the improvement of students' English-speaking ability and the Likert-scale questionnaire to find out how their perceptions of this BPD technique improve their English-speaking ability through various sections. Based on the results of the study, the calculation of T-test was the mean score on pre- and post-tests of the experimental class in five components of speaking. The experimental class’s pre-test score was 36.00, while their post-test score was 61.75. The score for Sig (2-tailed) is .000 and has a large effect size of .95. Their English-speaking ability has improved start from pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary, comprehension, and grammar. Also, the results of the questionnaire showed that students have positive perceive that their English-speaking ability was improved in various certain sections of the BPD technique. In conclusion, there was significant improvement of high school students' English-speaking ability in five components with the highest from pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary, comprehension, grammar in certain various sections of BPD technique in their extra class.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MERDEKA CURRICULUM IN ENGLISH TEACHING LEARNING
Authors: Sari Arum Ambar , Fatmawati Nor Laili
Published: May 2024

In Indonesia, the phenomenon of curriculum change continues to experience various changes and improvements starting from the 1947 curriculum to the one that is being hotly discussed "Merdeka Curriculum". The objectives of this research were to describe the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in English teaching learning and to find the teacher's problems during the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in English teaching learning at the seventh grade of SMPIT Insan Mulia Surakarta in the academic year 2022/2023. In this study, researchers apply a qualitative descriptive method. Researchers collect data through observation, interview, and documentation. The data were obtained from two class observations from seventh grade and interview with English teacher. The results of the study show that the Merdeka Curriculum has been implemented in teaching English learning. The teacher makes Alur Tujuan Pembelajaran and Modul Ajar based on Merdeka Curriculum that is adapted to the characteristics of the educational unit. The teacher has also implemented a learning cycle and conducted an assessment based on the Merdeka Curriculum. Learning components in the form of objectives, materials, methods, media and evaluation have been fulfilled in English teaching learning. The problem faced by the teacher are the limited time to design differentiated learning based on the individual needs of students and the teacher cannot maintain student enthusiasm until the end of the lesson.
DIRECTIVE ILLOCUTIONARY ACTS FOUND IN "PETER PAN & WENDY" MOVIE
Authors: Ni Kadek Linda Elpiani  , Ni Wayan Suastini
Published: May 2024

This research looked at the film Peter Pan and Wendy's directive illocutionary acts. It assesses how all of the characters in the film convey directive illocutionary acts. The purpose of this research is to identify the various sorts of directive illocutionary acts. The observation method was used to acquire the data. The data is acquired by watching the film several times while reading the transcript and recognizing the statements that contained directive illocutionary acts. This study employed the qualitative method to analyze the data using Kreidler's (1998) theory, divide the utterance of the directive illocutionary act into three categories: command, request, and suggestions. As a result, this research discovered all forms of directed illocutionary acts according to Kreidler's (1998) theory. There were 86 data found, with command being the most common sort of directive illocutionary act occurring with 61 data, request having 19 data, and suggestion having 6 data.
Effects of copper, nickel and lead on growth parameters and antioxidative defense system of Solanum lycopersicum L.
Authors: Kumari Anjana , Nagpal Avinash Kaur , Katnoria Jatinder Kaur
Published: May 2024

The current study assessed the effects of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and nickel (Ni) in roots and shoots on growth indices, the antioxidative defense system, and metal uptake in Solanum lycopersicum L. variety Punjab Kesar Cherry. For 60 days, S. lycopersicum seeds were exposed to varying amounts of three metals (0-100 μM of Cu and 0-60 μM of Ni and Pb). In comparison to the control, the percentage of germination, root and shoot length, and fresh and dry weight of the roots and shoots all decreased, according to the results. The bioaccumulation factor of both roots and shoots, along with the translocation factor, increased at lower concentrations and decreased at higher concentrations; for Pb, on the other hand, the translocation factor increased with increasing concentrations. At 60 μM, the order of the bioaccumulation factor was Cu>Ni>Pb for roots, and Cu>Pb>Ni for shoots. The antioxidative enzyme activities, including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), dehydro ascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S transferase (GST), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were increased at lower concentrations and decreased at higher concentrations under Cu, Ni, and Pb treatments. The order of toxicity in terms of decrease in protein content was observed as Pb>Ni>Cu for both roots and shoots.
The effect of balanced N, P, K, Ca, Mg fertilizer on soil and leaf nutrient and its correlation with growth and corn yield (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Syamsiyah Jauhari , Hartati Sri , Rahmanisa Lily , Maro’ah Siti , Herdiansyah Ganjar
Published: May 2024

Fertilization in agricultural cultivation is important in increasing the supply of necessary nutrients for plants to achieve high yield and quality. This study aims to examine the balance of N,P,K,Ca, and Mg against nutrients in soil and plants and its correlation with the growth and yield of corn. There were 9 treatments of N, P, K, Ca, Mg fertilizer balance used, namely: control (A) and 1: 1: 1: 0: 0 (B); 0.25: 0.25: 0.25: 1: 1 (C); 0.5: 0.5: 0.5: 1: 1 (D); 0.75: 0.75: 0.75: 1: 1 (E); 1: 1:1: 1: 1 (F); 0.75: 0.75: 0.75: 0.25: 0.25 (G); 0.75: 0.75: 0.75: 0.5: 0.5 (H); 0.75: 0.75: 0.75: 0.75: 0.75 (I). Parameters observed included nutrients N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in soil and leaf, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, cob weight with and without husks, and cob length and diameter. The results showed that nutrient balance significantly affected nutrient levels in soil and leaf, plant growth, and yield of corn. N, P, K, Ca, Mg Fertilizer application with ratio 0.5: 0.5: 0.5: 1: 1 (D) increased soil N 100%, P 40%, K 108.33%, Ca 28.08%, Mg 30.17% higher than the control and plant leaf N, P, K, Ca, Mg about 101.60%, 12.50%, 10.13%, 50.98%, 101.41% respectively, thus providing higher growth and yield. There was a significant correlation between plant height with leaf N and K, stem diameter correlated with leaf Ca, and number of leaves correlated with Mg in corn leaf. Meanwhile, yield correlated with P.
مبادئ ومناهج الدعوة الإسلامية في إقليم كُردستان العراق
Authors: عبدالرحمن صلاح أحمد
Published: May 2024

يتناول هذا البحث: مبادئ الدعوة الإسلامية في إقليم كُردستان العراق، ويتطرق إلى جملة من المفاهيم الدعوية، لغة وإصطلاحا، وأهمية الدعوة، والدعوة الإسلامية في كُردستان ومراحلها ومبادئها ومناهجها ومميزاتها.
وقد أرسل الله تعالى رسله بتلك المهمة النبيلة من خلال تبليغهم رسالة الله في التوحيد وعبادة الله وحده دون شريك له، وإصلاح المجتمع الإنساني قاطبة، والتي تنبثق منها التربية الروحية التي عليها تُبنى شخصية الإنسان المؤمن وتدفع به نحو الفضيلة والإستقامة التي بهما تُبنى الأوطان، وتُعمر البلدان.
وتطرق البحث إلى الدخول الكُردي المبكر إلى الإسلام طواعية دون إراقة دماء، بل تحول الكُرد إلى ورثة حقيقيين لتلك الشعلة الوضاءة على مر الأزمنة والدهور، وقد انتهجوا منهج الوسطية في داخل كُردستان وخارجها، بل كانوا مخلصين في إنتمائهم لرسالة السماء.
وأبرزتُ جانبا مهما من الدعوة وهي ضرورة التجديد للدين من خلال التزاوج بين أصالة الدين والمعاصرة التي تدفع بالمسلم الكُردي نحو الأمام، تلك المعاصرة التي تتبنى الأصالة الإسلامية مراعيا التطور الزمني والعرف الكُردستاني الأصيل.
وأخذت الدعوة الإسلامية الكُردستانية تتميز بهويتها الخاصة من خلال تبنيها الأشعرية في العقيدة والشافعية كمذهب فقهي، وإنزوت إلى الطرق الصوفية في مجال الوصول إلى الله وتربية الروح حيث يكون الإنسان أقرب ما يكون إلى الله تعالى، لذلك إنتشرت مجالس الذكر المتمثلة بالخانقاه والتكايا، وانتشرت المدارس العلمية لتدريس العقيدة والفقه.
القِيم الوظيفيِّة للموصولات الاسمية المختصة في عملية التواصل دراسة من خلال القران الكريم
Authors: حمزة صدّام حمّو
Published: May 2024

إن للموصولات المختصة قِيما وظيفية تتمثل بالإحالة الى الاسم الصريح، فتحل محله وتعوض عنه طلبا للإقتصاد اللغوي الذي يبتغي المتكلم من ورائه تقليل الجهد العضلي ودفع السأم من السامع، لأن إعادة الاسم الصريح دون أن يعوَض عنه بعنصر من العناصر الإحالية يورث السأم للمتلقي وبالتالي لن يتفاعل مع العملية الكلامية، والموصولات من الوسائل الإحالية التي تحل محل الاسم الصريح، ولا تقتصر وظيفة الموصولات المختصة على الإحالة وحدها بل إنها تخلق ربطا مفهوميا بين جملة الصلة بعدها وبين الاسم المعرفة الذي تحيل اليه، وتبقى الموصولات مهما طالت العلمية الكلامية تحيل الى الاسم المعرفة وتعوض عنه وتعيد له جملة الصلة، ومن الوظائف المهمة التي تؤديها الموصولات المختصة في عملية التواصل وصف الاسم المعرفة بجملة الصلة، بعد أن تعرف جملة الصلة بعدها وتهيؤها لتكون صفة للاسم المعرفة الواقع قبل الاسم الموصل، فهي تقوم بوظيفة التعريف كـ (ال) التعريفية، فكما إن (أل) تعرِّف المفرد النكرة فإن الموصولات المختصة تقوم بتعريف جملة الصلة بعدها، وبذلك فالموصولات المختصة تحمل وظائف فاعلة في عملية التواصل لأنها تعوض عن الاسم الصريح وتحيل اليه وتعرِّف جملة الصلة بعدها ثم تهيؤها لتصف الاسم المعرفة الواقع قبل الاسم الموصول
الخطاب النقدي في نصوص جبار الكواز - دراسة ثقافية
Authors: عبود خلود يوسف
Published: May 2024

يرتبط النقد الثقافي في بنيته المفهومية بالثقافة التي تعني العمومية والاهتمام بنشاط الإنسان على ضوء ما جاء في دواوين جبار الكواز، ضمن أزمنة متعددة تتراوح بين الماضي والحاضر والمستقبل  بمختلف الميادين، إذ تتوجه نحو توسيع دائرة اشتغاله من النصوص الأدبية إلى نصوص الثقافة الراقية والشعبية من أدب يشير إلى صورة تأريخية مهمة وبارزة عن الواقع الاجتماعي الذي يعيش به، فالأنساق المضمرة عبر الخطاب النقدي الثقافي تختلف فيما بينها كاللغوية والسياسية والتأريخية والنفسية...إلخ. وفق ما ورد في شعر الكواز. وقد تتبعت في هذا البحث الخطاب النقدي في شعر جبار الكواز  في سياقاته الثقافية وبالتركيز على أهم المحاور التي أوردها في دواوينه وبنماذج مختارة منها، كما وردت في البحث.
المطامع الدولية في لواء الاسكندرونة (1945 – 1947)
Authors: عبد مخلف علاء أحمد
Published: May 2024

شهدت الاراضي السورية ولا سيما لواء الاسكندرونة الذي كان يتمتع بمركز حيوي واستراتيجي مهم صراعا استعمارياً بين الدول الكبرى مما ادى الى ظهور تنافس دولي وكانت كل دولة تسعى الى تحقيق مصالحها في هذه المنطقة الحيوية من العالم لما لها من اثر واضح و دور مهم في الاقتصاد العالمي والتجارة الدولية، وبعد سيطرة فرنسا على سوريا اخذت تركيا تتقرب من فرنسا وتعقد معها الاتفاقيات من اجل الوصول الى غرضها الحقيقي وهو الاستيلاء على لواء الاسكندرونة وبعد مفاوضات طويلة بين الجانبين وبعد ادراك الجانب الفرنسي بأن مصالحه تقتضي التقرب من تركيا، تم الاتفاق مع تركيا وتنازلت عن اللواء الى تركيا في عام 1939م وبمباركة عصبة الامم   .  مع نهاية الحرب العالمية الثانية 1939 – 1945م، عادت قضية الاسكندرونة الى الوجود مرة أخرى، ومحاولة الدول الكبرى ضم تلك الأراضي، الا انه تم تسوية الامر وبقاء اللواء تحت النفوذ التركي ، ولكن على الرغم من كل ذلك وبعد حصول سوريا على استقلالها بقرار اممي وتم الاعتراف بهذا الاستقلال من قبل العديد من الدول بما فيها تركيا الا ان الشعب السوري والقوى الوطنية السورية لازالت تتطلع الى استعادة حقوقها القومية في هذا اللواء.
أسباب تشتـت الانتباه لدى طلاب المرحلة المتوسطة من وجهة نظر المدرسين
Authors: خلف الجبوري ياسر محمود
Published: May 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي إلى للتعرف على: اسباب تشتـت الانتباه لدى طلاب المرحلة المتوسطة من وجهة نظر المدرسين. ومجتمع البحث يتكون من (100) مدرس ومدرسة بالمدارس المتوسطة في محافظة كركوك للعام الدراسي(2022 – 2023) وتم الاعتماد على الاستبيان المكون من (23) فقرة. واستخدم الباحث الوسائل الإحصائية ارتباط بيرسون ودرجة الحدة والنسبة المئوية، وبلغت معامل ثبات الاستبانة(0,82) ومن نتائج البحث هي: حصول الفقرة (عندما يشعر بالبرد يفقد تركيزه على الانتباه) على الترتيب الاول بالاستبيان بدرجة حدة بلغت (2,98) كسبب رئيسي لتشتـت الانتباه، فالطالب عندما يشعر بالبرد وعدم الراحة يتشتـت انتباههُ ويكون غير قادرة على التركيز في المادة. في حين حصلت الفقرة (انتقادهُ من قبل الآخرين يفقدهُ التركيز على الانتباه) على الترتيب الأخير في الاستبيان بعد حصولها على درجة حدة بلغت (2.6).
حيوية الضمير لدى طلبة كليات التربية في جامعة الموصل
Authors: شيت اليوزبكي غادة زياد , محمود احمد يونس
Published: May 2024

هدف البحث التعرف الى مستوى حيوية الضمير لدى طلبة كليات التربية في جامعة الموصل، ولتحقيق هدف البحث اختار الباحثان عينة طبقية عشوائية من طلبة كليات التربية في جامعة الموصل للعام الدراسي (2020-2021) والمتمثلة بـكلية التربية للعلوم الانسانية، وكلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة، وكلية التربية الاساسية، وكلية التربية للبنات وكلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة، اذ بلغ حجم العينة (652) طالباً وطالباً من التخصصين العلمي والانساني والمرحلتين الثانية والرابعة.
   وبالنظر لهدف البحث لابد من اعداد اداة له، لذلك قام الباحثان ببناء مقياساً لقياس حيوية الضمير والذي تكون بصيغته النهائية من (41) فقرة خماسية البدائل (تنطبق علي بدرجة كبيرة جداً، تنطبق علي بدرجة كبيرة، تنطبق علي بدرجة متوسطة، تنطبق علي بدرجة قليلة، لا تنطبق علي أبداً)، وتم التأكد من صدقه وثباته فضلاً عن بقية الخصائص السايكومترية المتعلقة بتمييز الفقرات وصدق الاتساق الداخلي. ثم بدأ الباحثان بتطبيق اداة بحثهما بعد تحويلها الى الصيغة الالكترونية على عينة البحث بدءاً من يوم الاحد الموافق (2/2/2021) ولمدة (24) يوماً، وبعد جمع البيانات وتحليلها احصائياً توصلت النتائج الى امتلاك طلبة كليات التربية للعلوم الانسانية مستوى مناسب من حيوية الضمير، ووجود فروق دالة احصائياً عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) في حيوية الضمير لدى طلبة كليات التربية في جامعة الموصل تبعاً لمتغير الجنس ولصالح الذكور، وتبعاً لمتغير المرحلة الدراسية ولصالح المرحلة الثانية، وتبعاً لمتغير التخصص ولصالح التخصص العلمي، وفي ضوء هذه النتائج خرج الباحثان بعدد من الاستنتاجات والتوصيات.
Studi Komparatif Pengendalian Mutu Perencanaan Proyek Konstruksi Antara Metode Building Information Modeling (BIM) Dengan Metode Konvensional (Studi Kasus PT. Bita Enarcon Engineering)
Authors: Saepudin Uu , Sutrisna Dedi , Firdaus Rifki
Published: May 2024

Drawing planning is a crucial activity in a construction development. There is a new breakthrough in
drawing planning,namely the Building Information Modeling (BIM) method which is known to be more effective and efficient than conventional methods. Every process of planning working drawings requires quality control so that the quality of the output produced is well maintained. Likewise with the Building Information Modeling (BIM) method, although it is superior to conventional methods, quality control efforts must still be carried out.
This study aims to determine the qualitycontrol activities at PT. Bita Enarcon Engineering and compares the level of risk that occurs in the planning of workingdrawings between conventional methods and the Building Information Modeling (BIM) method. The method used in thisresearch is the distribution of questionnaires based on AS/NZS 4360:2004, namely Management System Standards. The results of the analysis show that the drawing planning quality control activities with conventional methods and Building Information Modeling (BIM) have the same process, namely self check, check print, and internal audit which contains inter discipline check.
The resulting risk levels fall into two level categories, namely low and medium. The conceptual design has a score of 9.932 for the conventional method and 5.365 for the BIM method. The schematic design of the conventional method has a figure of 8.257 while for BIM it is 5.975. Followed by the development design, the conventionalmethod has a risk level of 8,559 and the BIM method is 6,536. And lastly for technical design, the conventional method has a risk level of 8.860 and the BIM method is included in the low category, namely 4.981. Although the risk level of the BIM method is smaller, it requires a higher cost compared to the conventional method.
ANALISIS KERUSAKAN PERKERASAN JALAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE BINA MARGA DAN PAVEMENT CONDITION INDEX (PCI)
Authors: Carni  , Sumarno Wahyu , Defiana Yanti
Published: May 2024

Road is a land transportation infrastructure that is very important to support community mobilization in various activities. But as a result of the large volume of traffic and various factors that occur make the road longer will decrease in function and comfort when used in other words, the road is damaged. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of the pavement of National Road III, Cisaga District, Ciamis Sta. 0+000 – 2+000. The method used in this study is a quantitative method, which is the process of finding knowledge that uses data in the form of numbers as a tool to analyze what you want to know. The type of method used is the observation method by making direct observations to the field to obtain data to be analyzed using the Highways and Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method. The results of the study based on the analysis of the Highways method obtained a priority order value of 5 which means including the Periodic Maintenance program including moderate damage levels from 3 levels of Priority Order, namely with activities to prevent wider damage to each damage in order to return to the condition according to plan. Meanwhile, based on the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method, an average pavement condition value of 65.75 is included in Good road conditions. Although in good condition, this road condition is included in the road condition identified as damaged because it is at level 5 of 7 pavement condition levels of the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method, so in line with the testing of the Highways method the road condition is included in the periodic maintenance program.
ANALISIS KAPASITAS RUANG PARKIR OFF STREET DI PLAZA ASIA KOTA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Heryana Refalia , Sumarno Wahyu , Saepudin Uu
Published: May 2024

Plaza Asia is located on Jalan HZ Mustofa No. 326 Tugujaya, Cihideung District, Tasikmalaya City is a shopping center that offers a variety of shops and outlets. Plaza Asia Kota Tasikmalaya has several off street parking lots, including the main parking lot for motorcycles and the building's main parking lot for cars. During peak hours, it is seen that the main parking lot for motorcycles and building parking lots often exceed the capacity they should, so it is necessary to analyze the availability of the main parking lot for motorcycles and the main parking lot for cars in Plaza Asia Kota Tasikmalaya. The method used in this study is the observation method. The observation method is carried out by means of direct surveys in the field. Primary data Primary data is data obtained from the results of field surveys, including parking accumulation, parking volume, and parking duration. The secondary data is the Plaza Asia Plan of Tasikmalaya City. Based on data analysis and discussions that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the capacity of Plaza Asia Tasikmalaya off-street parking spaces has a land area of 1,441,125  for motorcycles and 3,016.45   for cars. The volume of motorcycle parking is 2482 vehicles and cars are 1294 vehicles. The accumulated parking lot of motorcycles was 1,073 vehicles and cars were 306 vehicles. The duration of parking motorbikes is 552 minutes and cars are 484 minutes. The largest parking index for motorcycles was 182.48% and cars was 100.33%. The static capacity of off street parking spaces in Plaza Asia Kota Tasikmalaya resulted in the number of motorbike parking of 588 SRP and cars of 305 SRP. And for dynamic capacity obtained by direct survey to the field, the largest dynamic capacity of motorcycles occurred on Tuesday at 3918.54 and the smallest on Saturday at 2991.81. The largest dynamic capacity of the car occurred on Tuesday at 2488.17 and the smallest occurred on Sunday at 1631.87. Based on the conclusions obtained from the analysis above, it is necessary to optimize parking spaces on weekdays and weekends. And installed traffic signs are prohibited from parking on the road body along the Plaza Asia area of Tasikmalaya City.
Condições de trabalho dos enfermeiros frente à pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Oliveira Sheila Carvalho de , Silva Ana Célia Pelaes da , Moreira Dirley Cardoso , Cárdenas Anneli Mercedes Celis de
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Identificar as condições de trabalho dos enfermeiros durante a pandemia da COVID-19, em uma instituição hospitalar de Macapá/AP. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, com abordagem retrospectiva e quantitativa, realizado em um hospital de referência em assistência aos pacientes durante o enfrentamento a COVID-19. Participaram 42 enfermeiros, de ambos os sexos. Utilizou-se um questionário, abordando aspectos sociodemográficos, questões de contágio e acesso aos equipamentos de proteção individual, bem como sobre as condições de saúde. O estudo foi submetido e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: Houve predomínio de profissionais do sexo feminino (71,4%), com diagnóstico positivo para COVID-19 (81%), sendo o principal teste realizado o de PCR (45,2%). Nota-se ainda a insatisfação dos profissionais acerca da quantidade de equipamentos de proteção individual fornecida (85,7%), a ausência de treinamento que atendesse às necessidades laborais (81%), a disponibilidade inapropriada de água para higienização das mãos (73,8%) e a falta de assistência à saúde física e mental (85,7%). Considerações finais: A pandemia da COVID-19 fortalece a necessidade de políticas de proteção e preservação da saúde física e, principalmente, mental dos profissionais de Enfermagem. E, reacende discussões acerca das condições de trabalho que, consequentemente, prejudica a qualidade do serviço e do exercício da profissão.
Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease and its Association with Pesticide Exposure in Bargarh District, Odisha, India
Authors: Biswas Pralaya , Sahu Ashish Kumar , Nath Soumya Ranjan , Mir Showkat Ahmad , Naik Pradeep Kumar , Kariali Ekamber , Nayak Binata , Shristi Sourav , Nayak Satish Kumar , Baitharu Iswar
Published: May 2024

Background

Bargarh, a district in Odisha, is known for intense agricultural activities because of uninterrupted irrigation from the Hirakud reservoir. The number of chronic kidney disease (CKD) cases in the district is increasing rapidly. The present study assesses the prevalence of CKD and CKDu (of unknown etiology) in the district and its association with pesticide application.

Materials and Methods

A door-to-door survey was conducted to find out the CKD hotspots in the different blocks of the district with the help of primary and community health centers. The prevalence of CKD in the identified hotspot villages was assessed using a random clustered sampling method along with the collection of data related to age, sex, occupation and source of drinking water. Soil and water samples collected from identified hotspot and nonhotspot villages were analyzed to assess the presence of nephrotoxic pesticide residues.

Results

A total of 16 villages were identified with high CKD prevalence rates and designated as hotspot villages. Data indicate that about 21% of males under ≥ 40 years age group were found to be suffering from CKD. Cases of CKDu (85%) were more prominent in these hotspot villages. Analysis of soil and water samples demonstrated the presence of seven different nephrotoxic pesticides above the maximum residues levels (MRLs) in hotspot villages compared to nonhotspot villages.

Conclusion

The presence of nephrotoxic pesticides above MRLs in the hotspot villages indicates their possible association with the onset and progression of CKD among the exposed population. Further research is needed to establish their causative association with CKDu in the study region.
Extreme Dependence of Dynamics on Concentration in Highly Crowded Polyelectrolyte Solutions
Authors: Landfield Harrison , Kalamaris Nicholas , Wang Muzhou
Published: May 2024

Charge carrying species, such as polyelectrolytes, are vital to natural and synthetic processes that rely on their dynamic behavior. Through single-particle tracking techniques, the diffusivity of individual polyelectrolyte chains and overall system viscosity are determined for concentrated polylysine solutions. These studies show experimental scaling dependences much stronger than theoretical predictions for both neutral polymers and polyelectrolytes and draw into question whether power law based scaling theories are appropriate to describe concentrated charged systems. Similar trends are observed in concentrated solutions prepared at various pH and counterion conditions. These hindered system dynamics appear universal to polyelectrolyte systems and are attributed to the large effective excluded volumes of polyelectrolyte chains inducing glassy dynamics. The framework of the Vrentas Duda free volume theory is used to compare polyelectrolyte and neutral systems. Supported by this theory, excluding counterion mass from total polymer mass results in all environmental conditions collapsing onto a common trendline. These results are applicable to crowded biological systems, such as intracellular environments where protein mobility is strongly inhibited.
Triazole-Based Thiamine Analogues as Inhibitors of Thiamine Pyrophosphate-Dependent Enzymes: 1,3-Dicarboxylate for Metal Binding
Authors: Ho Terence C. S. , Chan Alex H. Y. , Leeper Finian James
Published: May 2024

Thiamine 1 (vitamin B1) is essential for energy metabolism, and interruption of its utilisation pathways is linked to different disease states. Thiamine pyrophosphate 2a (TPP, the bioactive form of 1) functions as a coenzyme of a variety of enzymes. To understand the role of vitamin B1 in these diseases, a chemical approach is to use coenzyme analogues to compete with TPP for the enzyme active site, abolishing the coenzyme function. Exemplified by oxythiamine 3a and triazole hydroxamate 4, chemical probes require the coenzyme analogues to be membrane-permeable and of broad inhibitory activity to the enzyme family (rather than being too selective to particular TPP-dependent enzymes). In this study, using biochemical assays, we show that changing the hydroxamate metal-binding group of 4 to a 1,3-dicarboxylate moiety leads to potent inhibition of multiple TPP-dependent enzymes. We further demonstrate that this di-anionic thiamine analogue when masked in its diester form becomes membrane-permeable and can be unmasked by esterase treatment. Taken together, our inhibitors are potentially useful chemical tools to study the roles of vitamin B1, using a prodrug mechanism, to induce the effects of thiamine deficiency in cell-based assays.
Neuromodulating Alkaloids from Millipede Defensive Secretions
Authors: Menegatti Carla , Banks Paige , Knott Kenneth , Briganti Anthony J. , McNally Samuel V. G. , Marek Paul , Brown Anne M. , Jones Tappey , Mevers Emily
Published: May 2024

Natural products are commonly deployed as defensive agents and these molecules have formed the basis for today’s therapeutic agents. Millipedes have evolved specialized glands to store structurally diverse chemical defenses, including cyanide containing metabolites, alkaloids, and oxidized aromatics. A study into the excretions of an understudied millipede, Ischnocybe plicata, led to characterizing four new oxidized alkaloids (ischnocybines) with potent and selective binding affinity for sigma-1, an orphan neuroreceptor. Analysis by MS and 2D NMR revealed the relative configurations of these four ischnocybines. These molecules are structurally distinct from all other millipede metabolites and are the first metabolites to be shown to bind to a specific neuroreceptor with low nanomolar affinity (Ki 13.6 nM). In addition, this natural structural diversity establishes a structure activity relationship and supports a proposed biosynthetic pathway leading to the target compounds.
Simultaneous tracking of ultrafast surface and gas-phase dynamics in solid-gas interfacial reactions
Authors: Blackman Keith , Segrest Eric , Machamer Kai , Turner George , Gupta Aakash , Pathan Md Afjal Khan , Berriel S. Novia , Banerjee Parag , Vaida Mihai
Published: May 2024

Real-time detection of intermediate species and final products at the surface and near-surface in interfacial solid-gas reactions is critical for an accurate understanding of heterogeneous reaction mechanisms. In this contribution, an experimental method that can simultaneously monitor the ultrafast dynamics at the surface and above the surface in photoinduced heterogeneous reactions is presented. The method relies on a combination of mass spectrometry and femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy. As a model system, the photoinduced reaction of methyl iodide on and above a cerium oxide surface is investigated. The species that are simultaneously detected from the surface and gas-phase present distinct features in the mass spectra, such as a sharp peak followed by an adjacent broad shoulder. The sharp peak is attributed to the species detected from the surface while the broad shoulder is due to the detection of gas-phase species above the surface, as confirmed by multiple experiments. By monitoring the evolution of the sharp peak and broad shoulder as a function of the pump-probe time delay, transient signals are obtained that describe the ultrafast photoinduced reaction dynamics of methyl iodide on the surface and in gas-phase. Finally, SimION simulations are performed to confirm the origin of the ions produced on the surface and gas-phase.
Adapting a trapped ion mobility spectrometry-Q-TOF for native mass spectrometry
Authors: Lin Yu-Fu , Jones Benjamin , Ridgeway Mark , Panczyk Erin , Somogyi Arpad , Kaplan Desmond , Marathe Ila , Yun Sangho , Laganowsky Arthur , Park Melvin , Wysocki Vicki
Published: May 2024

Native mass spectrometry (nMS) is increasingly popular for studying intact protein quaternary structure. When coupled with ion mobility, which separates ions based on their size, charge, and shape, it provides additional structural information on the protein complex of interest. In this study, we present a novel prototype TIMS (trapped ion mobility)-Quadrupole-SID (surface-induced dissociation)-Time of Flight (TIMS-Q-SID-TOF) instrument for nMS. The modifications include changing the TIMS cartridge from concave to convex geometry electrodes and operating TIMS at 425 kHz to improve the trapping efficiency for high mass-to-charge (m/z) ion mobility analysis, such as 3 and 4 MDa hepatitis B virus capsids. The quadrupole radiofrequency driver was lowered to 385 kHz, which extends the isolation range from 3,000 to 17,000 m/z and allows isolation of a single charge state of GroEL at 16,200 m/z with an isolation window of 25 m/z. Finally, a 6-mm thick, 2-lens SID device was installed and replaced the collision cell entrance lens. The SID dissociated 801 kDa GroEL into all combinations of subcomplexes, and the peaks were well-resolved and easy to interpret. This is the first time a novel prototype timsTOF Pro for nMS has been introduced with high resolving power ion mobility separation coupled to high m/z quadrupole selection and SID for protein complex fragmentation with product ion collection across a broad m/z range of 1,500 to 40,000.
Human T-cell activation withToxoplasma gondiiantigens loaded in maltodextrin nanoparticles
Authors: García-López Laura , Zamora-Vélez Alejandro , Vargas-Montes Mónica , Sanchez-Arcila Juan Camilo , Fasquelle François , Betbeder Didier , Gómez-Marín Jorge Enrique
Published: May 2024

Toxoplasmosis is the most prevalent parasitic zoonosis worldwide, causing ocular and neurological diseases. No vaccine has been approved for human use. We evaluated the response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to a novel construct ofToxoplasma gondiitotal antigen in maltodextrin nanoparticles (NP/TE) in individuals with varying infectious statuses (uninfected, chronic asymptomatic, or ocular toxoplasmosis). We analyzed the concentration of IFN-γ after NP/TE ex vivo stimulation using ELISA and the immunophenotypes of CD4+and CD8+cell populations using flow cytometry. In addition, serotyping of individuals with toxoplasmosis was performed by ELISA using GRA6-derived polypeptides. Low doses of NP/TE stimulation (0.9 μg NP/0.3 μg TE) achieved IFN-γ–specific production in previously exposed human PBMCs without significant differences in the infecting serotype. Increased IFN-γ expression in CD4+effector memory cell subsets was found in patients with ocular toxoplasmosis with NP/TE but not with TE alone. This is the first study to show how T-cell subsets respond to ex vivo stimulation with a vaccine candidate for human toxoplasmosis, providing crucial insights for future clinical trials.
Brd4::Nutm1fusion gene initiates NUT carcinoma in vivo
Authors: Zheng Dejin , Elnegiry Ahmed A , Luo Chenxiang , Bendahou Mohammed Amine , Xie Liangqi , Bell Diana , Takahashi Yoko , Hanna Ehab , Mias George I , Tsoi Mayra F , Gu Bin
Published: May 2024

NUT carcinoma (NC) is an aggressive cancer with no effective treatment. About 70% of NUT carcinoma is associated with chromosome translocation events that lead to the formation of aBRD4::NUTM1fusion gene. Because theBRD4::NUTM1gene is unequivocally cytotoxic when ectopically expressed in cell lines, questions remain on whether the fusion gene can initiate NC. Here, we report the first genetically engineered mouse model for NUT carcinoma that recapitulates the human t(15;19) chromosome translocation in mice. We demonstrated that the mouse t(2;17) syntenic chromosome translocation, forming theBrd4::Nutm1fusion gene, could induce aggressive carcinomas in mice. The tumors present histopathological and molecular features similar to human NC, with enrichment of undifferentiated cells. Similar to the reports of human NC incidence,Brd4::Nutm1can induce NC from a broad range of tissues with a strong phenotypical variability. The consistent induction of poorly differentiated carcinoma demonstrated a strong reprogramming activity of BRD4::NUTM1. The new mouse model provided a critical preclinical model for NC that will lead to better understanding and therapy development for NC.
A market-based approach to regulatory reform
Authors: Jordan Jerry L.
Published: May 2024

Regulatory requirements and prohibitions impose significant, although sometimes unintended, taxes on the business of banking. As with all business taxes, the true burden is shared jointly by investors in the form of reduced market valuations of their investment, by employees in the form of lower real wages, and by customers - in this case, in the form of higher interest paid on loans and lower interest received on savings.
The demographics of inflation opinion surveys
Authors: Bryan Michael F. , Venkatu Guhan
Published: May 2024

In this Commentary, we document that people report very different perceptions and predictions of inflation depending upon their income, education, age, race, and gender - a strange finding that may provide an important clue to understanding how to interpret survey data of inflation expectations.
Assessment the effect of Dapoxetine and/or Acetaminophen in rats; neurochemicals and oxidative stress biomarkers evaluation
Authors: Georgy Gehan S. , Laila Ibrahim M. Ibrahim , Amer Mohamed E. , Mohammad F. Ebtehal
Published: May 2024

Dapoxetine is a newer anti‐depressant that is used for severe forms of depression via selective serotonin reuptake inhibition conduit. We aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of dapoxetine lonely or with acetaminophen (AMP). Seven groups of albino rats were used where dapoxetine was administered orally at the doses of 3, 5, and 8 mg/kg body weight for a period of 14 days in groups 2, 4, and 6, respectively. AMP (67.5 mg/kg body weight) was co‐administered with dapoxetine (3, 5, and 8 mg/kg body weight) for 14 days in groups 3, 5 and 7, respectively. Dapoxetine in mid and high dose plus AMP increased body weight and hematological parameters. Ambulation and rearing were declined with mid and high doses of dapoxetine+AMP, contrary to grooming. Struggling was decreased with high doses of dapoxetine+AMP. High dose of dapoxetine+AMP induced lowering of serotonin and dopamine as well as increasing of cholinesterase. Brain derived neurotrophic factor was decreased in all groups. Oxidative stress biomarkers were augmented with high dose of dapoxetine+AMP. High doses of dapoxetine and/or AMP induced loss of the Purkinje cell layer at cerebellum. The high dose of dapoxetine+AMP denotes behavioral, histopathological and neurochemical alterations, even though no serotonin syndrome occurs.
Problems and Challenges of Asymmetrical Democracy in Indonesia
Authors: Kusuma Rizky Dwi , Fauzi Anwar , Saepudin Saepudin , Randisa Azis Reza
Published: May 2024

This study delves into the challenges and issues arising from asymmetrical democracy in Indonesia, focusing on local political dynamics in regions such as Aceh, Papua, Jakarta, and Yogyakarta (DIY). Through qualitative analysis, researchers assessed how political autonomy and hierarchical administrative structures influence checks and balances within local institutions. In Aceh and Papua, significant issues were identified concerning the perception of political autonomy by regents and mayors, which contrasts with special laws designating the governor as the primary authority. Both regions highlight how historical conflicts and separatist aspirations shape governance structures and local democratic management. Jakarta, with its unique model, demonstrates how the governor's exclusive power at the provincial level can impact inter-governmental interactions and local interests. Meanwhile, in Yogyakarta, the sultan's dominance as governor raises questions about the quality of local democracy and the potential safeguarding of the sultan's interests. These findings underscore the urgent need for stringent checks and balances and clear delineation of authority to ensure effective local governance amidst the challenges of asymmetrical democracy in Indonesia.
Developing e-government policy through social media platform in Makassar city, Indonesia
Authors: Yusmanizar Yusmanizar , Djalil Nur Alim , Yulhaidir Yulhaidir , Alyas Alyas
Published: May 2024

Social media as a tools of e-government implementation, several of studied show that by using social media is significantly able to change the interaction between the government and citizens. The interaction increase administrative transparency and encourage citizens to collaborate in development agenda setting, facilitate mobilization for strengthening public policies, and facilitate public services produced jointly between citizens and the government. The citizens have ownership and to participate in maintaining the government policies. This study aims to describe the policy of the government in Makassar City, and development of e-government using social media which is based on the weak phenomenon of e-government development in Makassar City, particularly with the smart city plan since 2014. The method used is an assessment of the use of official social media platforms and e-government development policies in Makassar City. The research locus is the Makassar City Communication and Information Office, which is the center for disseminating official information of the Makassar City Government. The results showed that the development of e-government in Makassar City is still very limited, in terms of regulation there is no support for institutional strengthening of e-government, no e-government master plan as an implementation guideline and no e-government application system blue print, as a basis or standard for application development to achieve an integrated platform.
The impact of innovation policy and the bureaucratic structure reform of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of the government agencies in Padang city, Indonesia
Authors: Zulfia Haira , Syamsir Syamsir
Published: May 2024

This study purpose to investigate and analyze the influence of innovation policy and bureaucratic structure reform on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of apparatuses in the government agencies in Padang City. In this study,  innovation policy and bureaucratic structure reform were the independent variables and OCB was the dependent variable. The population of this study was apparatuses at several the government agencies in Padang City with a total of 30 people. Data collection techniques were collected through questionnaires and literature study. Hypothesis testing done by using statistical tests, especially multiple regression analysis. The feasibility test of the model was obtained from the adjusted R-squared value of .0524 which means that up to 52.4% of variations in apparatus OCB can be explained by testing the variations of two independent variables, namely innovation policy and bureaucratic structure reform. While the remaining 47.6% was explained outside the model.  The results of the causality test obtained by looking at the influence of innovation policy and reform of the bureaucratic structure on the OCB variable with a reliability level of 99%. From this study, it can be concluded that the innovation policy and bureaucratic structure reform variables had a significant effect toward the OCB of apparatuses in the government agencies in Padang city.
Navigating digital platforms: a comparative study into Turkish political communication strategies on tiktok and twitch
Authors: Uyumaz Canan , Islam MD Nazmul
Published: May 2024

This paper explores the use of new media platforms Twitch and TikTok by Turkish politicians leading up to the Presidential Elections of 2023. The paper focuses on the unique attributes of these platforms and establishes a comparison between the two by a coding scheme. This coding scheme has been constructed based on Cervi et al.’s (2023) methodological framework. It includes four themes: content, frequency, engagement, and interaction. These four themes will be examined through comparative analysis methodology. A selection of twenty TikTok videos for each sample and Twitch stream statistics will be analyzed by the numerical data, dates, and content pattern. To assess the political communication strategies that are applied by politicians, the paper will underline the possible importance of new media platforms in political campaigns. It should be noted that further research in this area is needed and there is also an emerging need to explore the evolving role of Twitch and TikTok in political campaigns.
Navigating digital tourism governance: a case study of branding strategies in the Mandalika special economic zones
Authors: Zitri Ilham , Rifaid Rifaid , Lestanata Yudhi , Kurniawan Cahyadi
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyze how digital Tourism on Branding the Mandalika Special Region in West Nusa Tenggara; this investigation uses a descriptive methodology combined with a qualitative approach, as well as previously published literature and online news sources as well as secondary data obtained from related agencies. Most importantly, take advantage of the Nvivo 12 plus program to analyze the data results. The findings of this study indicate that the use of information and communication technology to promote Special Economic Zones through digital tourism, utilizing platforms such as websites, YouTube, Facebook, TikTok, Instagram, and the West Nusa Tenggara Tourism Office website, is a viable strategy for increasing tourism. Indonesian tourism industry. ITDC and National Council of Special Economic Zones websites. Government Regulation Number 52 of 2014 identifies two main focus topics, namely tourism areas and special economic areas, and prioritizes several initiatives. Development management in accordance with statutory regulations. PP Number 40 of 2021 discusses three important things: human resources and infrastructure, two facilities, and SEZ convenience for three commercial organizations. The finding of human resources and infrastructure is considered to be the main driver for branding the Mandalika Special Economic Zone in this policy.
Navigating the complexities: assessing governance mechanisms for inter-regional cooperation
Authors: Mahardhani Ardhana Januar
Published: May 2024

This article will explain further the inter-regional governance cooperation required by regions that touch each other, as well as by regions that have similar areas and natural products. Cooperation is needed to meet the needs of a region that cannot be met alone and therefore requires assistance from other regions. This article uses examples of successful collaboration carried out by the East Java Provincial Government where there are several good collaborations that will be and are currently being carried out. The method used in this writing is literature study by analyzing previous research that has been carried out and then analyzing it with appropriate theory to arrive at conclusions that are in line with what was expected. The results in this paper are that in the process of cooperation, commitment from each region is very much needed, there must be an official written agreement to enter into a collaboration. In developments in the field it is also known that in implementing cooperation there is a need for other actors who are interconnected. The conclusion in this paper is that in managing cooperation, each region must have principles that must be upheld, for example in implementing cooperation in East Java Province which uses Mintzberg principles, then in implementing cooperation it will use Mintzberg principles. It also involves other elements which in this case are known as the pentahelix concept.
Bridging the gap: mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior in the relationship between job satisfaction, compensation, and work loyalty
Authors: Sari Elvia Siskha , Lanin Dasman , Frinaldi Aldri
Published: May 2024

This research is motivated by the low level of employee work loyalty. This research aims to analyze the influence of job satisfaction and compensation on employee work loyalty with organizational citizenship behaviour as an intervening variable in the Padang City Government. The population in this study were all employees in the Regional Government of Padang City, totaling 8522 employees. The sampling technique used a purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 99 respondents.The sampling technique used in this research used the Probability Sampling method with the proportional stratified random sampling technique. The data analysis technique in this research uses path analysis techniques. Based on the research results, the conclusions of this research can be described as follows: 1) Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee work loyalty. 2) Compensation has a positive and significant effect on employee work loyalty. 3) Organizational Citizenship Behaviour has a positive and significant effect on employee work loyalty. 4) Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee organizational citizenship behaviour. 5) Compensation has a positive and significant effect on the organizational citizenship behaviour of employees in the Padang City Government.