bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forecasting of solar irradiance and ramp events with all-sky imagers
Authors: Logothetis Stavros-Andreas , Salamalikis Vasileios , Wilbert Stefan , Remund Jan , Zarzalejo Luis , Xie Yu , Nouri Bijan , Ntavelis Evangelos , Nou Julien , Visser Lennard , Sengupta Manajit , Pó Mário , Chauvin Remi , Grieu Stephane , Sark Wilfried Van , Kazantzidis Andreas
Published: June 2021

Cloud cameras (all sky imagers/ASIs) can be used for short-term (next 20 min) forecasts of solar irradiance. For this reason, several experimental and operational solutions emerged in the last decade with different approaches in terms of instrument types and forecast algorithms. Moreover, few commercial and semi-prototype systems are already available or being investigated. So far, the uncertainty of the predictions cannot be fully compared, as previously published tests were carried out during different periods and at different locations. In this study, the results from a benchmark exercise are presented in order to qualify the current ASI-based short-term forecasting solutions and examine their accuracy. This first comparative measurement campaign carried out as part of the IEA PVPS Task 16 (https://iea-pvps.org/research-tasks/solar-resource-for-high-penetration-and-large-scale-applications/). A 3-month observation campaign (from August to December 2019) took place at Plataforma Solar de Almeria of the Spanish research center CIEMAT including five different ASI systems and a network of high-quality measurements of solar irradiance and other atmospheric parameters. Forecasted time-series of global horizontal irradiance are compared with ground-based measurements and two persistence models to identify strengths and weaknesses of each approach and define best practices of ASI-based forecasts. The statistical analysis is divided into seven cloud classes to interpret the different cloud type effect on ASIs forecast accuracy. For every cloud cluster, at least three ASIs outperform persistence models, in terms of forecast error, highlighting their performance capabilities. The feasibility of ASIs on ramp event detection is also investigated, applying different approaches of ramp event prediction. The revealed findings are promising in terms of overall performance of ASIs as well as their forecasting capabilities in ramp detection.  
Redefining the climate regions of Romania through objective methods
Authors: Amihăesei Vlad-Alexandru , Sfîcă Lucian , Dumitrescu Alexandru
Published: June 2021

The south-eastern part of the European continent is known as a region where the types of climate are hard to be delimited, being indicated by Trewartha since 1961 among the so-called Earth's Climate Problem regions of the world. This is given especially by its position at the merges of arid and cold climate of the temperate zone in Europe. Taking to account this aspect, it is not surprisingly that after almost 100 years of climate classification attempts, there is still no agreement regarding the climate type of Romania and its corresponding subdivisions. Even if a weak majority of the Romanian climatologists plead for a temperate continental climate, some others consider that Romania has a typically temperate transitional climate specific for central Europe. However, most of previous regionalizations are highly subjective with no proper quantitative assessment of climate conditions. 

In our study a climate regionalization of Romania’s territory is proposed, based on an objective approach. For this purpose, 9 monthly climate parameters extracted from interpolation gridded data sets (ERA-5 land and ROCADA) were used.

The regionalization was performed by mixing two objective methods. Firstly, all the 108 input variables were reduced at 8 major factors using factor analysis. Secondly, those factors were used in a k-means clustering method and a new scheme of climate regionalization of Romanian territory was obtained. Through this, we succeed to delimitate 8 different climate subtypes within Romania's territory which we aggregated firstly in 2 major zonal climate types: (i) temperate transitional climate (TTC) from maritime to continental type, extended in the north-east part of Romania and (ii) temperate orographically sheltered climate (TOSC) with 2 major subtypes. The first sub-type of TOSC is extended within the Carpathian mountain arch (an extension of pannonian climate) and the second one covers the romanian part of the region between Carpathian and Balkan Mountain (lower danubian climate). Besides these two zonal types the major landforms of Romania impose specific climate conditions: (iii) the Carpathian mountains and sub-mountains area have their own climate features (CMSC) with 3 climate subtypes (precarpathian, eastern Carpathian and alpine climates), while the (iv) Black Sea shapes the main climate conditions of the south-eastern side of the country especially along the coast with 2 climate subtypes (ponto-deltaic and western pontic type). The main features of these climate types/subtypes are presented in detailed in the study.

In the meantime, the proposed climate regionalization covers partially the neighbor countries in an attempt to homogenize the different national perspectives on the climate types along the states boundaries in central and south-eastern Europe.
Post-processing and its effect on relative-extreme event identification
Authors: Sharpe Michael , Battershill Joseph , Hurst Katherine
Published: June 2021

The UK Met Office manages its commitment to the public through the Public Weather Service and an important factor in public safety and concern is extreme weather events. Therefore, a new Key Performance Indicator is being introduced, related to the ability with which extreme events are correctly identified. The Threshold Weighted Continuous Ranked Probability Score (twCRPS) is used to make this assessment by determining how well site-specific Met Office ensemble-based probabilistic forecast solutions predict relative-extreme events. The threshold weighted version of the Mean Absolute Error (twMAE) is the deterministic equivalent to the twCRPS. The twMAE is used for the assessment of the deterministic model output that currently appears on the Met Office App and website.

Gridded numerical ensemble model data is generated by MOGREPS (the Met Office Global and Regional Ensemble Prediction System). A new program of post-processing work has been undertaken in recent years (IMPROVER) to replace the system of post-processing currently employed by the Met Office. IMPROVER applies a series of post-processing steps to generate both probabilistic and deterministic forecasts and site-specific data is generated from these model fields. Verification of the model output is undertaken at each post-processing stage to ensure that every step is having the expected impact on the performance of the model. To date however, these assessments have concentrated on the performance of more typical conditions rather than the ability with which more extreme events are identified.

This session outlines very recent work to assess the ability with which raw MOGREPS data and data generated by various of the post-processing stages of IMPROVER, predict relative-extreme events at observation sites throughout the UK. The twMAE and twCRPS are used for this assessment, where in both cases, the threshold weighting function is defined in terms of a distribution formed by sampling the numerical value corresponding to a chosen relatively extreme percentile from the observed 30-year climatology of each UK site.
Fusing MODIS and AVHRR products to generate a global 1-km continuous NDVI time series covering four decades
Authors: Guan Xiaobin , Shen Huanfeng , Wang Yuchen , Chu Dong , Li Xinghua , Yue Linwei , Liu Xinxin , Zhang Liangpei
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Satellite normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) time-series data are an essential data source for numerous ecological and environmental applications. Although various long-term global NDVI products have been produced with different characteristics over the past decades, there is still an apparent trade-off between the spatiotemporal resolution and time coverage. The Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) instrument can provide the only continuous time series with the longest time coverage since the early 1980s, but with the drawback of a coarse spatial resolution and poor data quality compared to the observations of later instruments. To address this issue, a spatio-temporal fusion-based long-term NDVI product (STFLNDVI) since 1982 was generated in this study, with a 1-km spatial resolution and a monthly temporal resolution. A multi-step processing fusion framework was employed to combine the superior characteristics of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and AVHRR products, respectively. Simulated and real-data assessments both confirm the ideal accuracy of the fusion result with regard to the spatial distribution and temporal variation. Only a few relatively unsatisfactory results are found due to the poor relationship between the original AVHRR and MODIS data. The evaluations also show that the proposed fusion framework can obtain stable results similar to MODIS data in different years and seasons, even when the temporal distance between the fusion data and the reference data is large. We believe that the STFLNDVI product will be of great significance to characterize the spatial patterns and long-term variations of global vegetation. The NDVI product is available at DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4734593 (Guan et al., 2021).
A simple and efficient model for orographic precipitation
Authors: Hergarten Stefan , Robl Jörg
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The influence of climate on landform evolution has received great interest over the past decades. While many studies aim at determining erosion rates or parameters of erosion models, feedbacks between tectonics, climate and landform evolution have been discussed, but addressed quantitatively only in a few modeling studies. One of the problems in this field is that coupling a large-scale landform evolution model with a general circulation model would dramatically increase the theoretical and numerical complexity. Only a few simple models are available so far that allow a numerical efficient coupling between topography-controlled precipitation and erosion. This paper fills this gap by introducing a quite simple approach involving two vertically integrated moisture components (vapor and cloud water). The interaction between both components is linear and depends on altitude. This model structure is in principle the simplest approach that is able to predict both orographic precipitation at small scales and a large-scale decrease in precipitation over continental areas without introducing additional assumptions. Even in combination with transversal dispersion and height-dependent evapotranspiration, the model is of linear time complexity and increases the computing effort of efficient large-scale landform evolution models only moderately. Even simple numerical experiments applying such a coupled landform evolution model show the strong impact of spatial precipitation gradients on mountain range geometry including steepness and peak elevation, position of the principal drainage divide, and drainage network properties.
Geo-historical analysis of flood impacts in Alpine catchments (HIFAVa database, Arve River, France, 1850–2015)
Authors: Boisson Eva , Wilhelm Bruno , Garnier Emmanuel , Mélo Alain , Anquetin Sandrine , Ruin Isabelle
Published: June 2021

Abstract. In France, flooding is the most common and damaging natural hazard. Due to global warming, it is expected to globally exacerbate, and it could be even more pronounced in the European Alps that warm at a rate twice as high in the Northern Hemisphere. The Alps are densely populated, increasing exposure and vulnerability to flood hazard. To approach long-term evolutions of past flood occurrence and related socio-economic impacts in relation to changes in the flood risk components (i.e. hazard, exposure and vulnerability), the study of historical records is highly relevant. To this aim we analyze the newly constituted database of Historical Impacts of Floods in the Arve Valley (HIFAVa) located in French Northern Alps and starting in 1850. This database reports for the first-time flood occurrences and impacts in a well-documented Alpine catchment that encompasses both a hydrological and societal diversity. We analyze past impacts in regard to their characteristics and evolution in both time and space. Our results show an increasing occurrence of impacts from 1920 onwards, which is more likely related to indirect source effect and/or increasing exposure of goods and people rather than hydrological changes. The analysis reveals that small mountain streams and particularly glacial streams caused more impacts (67 %) than the main river. While increase in heavy rainfall and ice melt are expected to enhance flood hazard in small Alpine catchments, this finding calls to pay a particular attention to flood risk assessment and management in small catchments.
Global ground strike point characteristics in negative downward lightning flashes – Part 1: Observations
Authors: Poelman Dieter R. , Schulz Wolfgang , Pedeboy Stephane , Hill Dustin , Saba Marcelo , Hunt Hugh , Schwalt Lukas , Vergeiner Christian , Mata Carlos T. , Schumann Carina , Warner Tom
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Information about lightning properties is important in order to advance the current understanding of lightning, whereby the characteristics of ground strike points (GSPs) are in particular helpful to improving the risk estimation for lightning protection. Lightning properties of a total of 1174 negative downward lightning flashes are analyzed. The high-speed video recordings are taken in different regions, including Austria, Brazil, South Africa and the USA, and are analyzed in terms of flash multiplicity, duration, interstroke intervals and ground strike point properties. According to our knowledge this is the first simultaneous analysis of GSP properties in different regions of the world applying a common methodology. Although the results vary among the data sets, the analysis reveals that a third of the flashes are single-stroke events, while the overall mean number of strokes per flash equals 3.67. From the video imagery an average of 1.56 GSPs per flash is derived, with about 60 % of the multiple-stroke flashes striking the ground in more than one place. It follows that a ground contact point is struck 2.35 times on average. Multiple-stroke flashes last on average 371 ms, whereas the geometric mean (GM) interstroke interval value preceding strokes producing a new GSP is about 18 % greater than the GM value preceding subsequent strokes following a pre-existing lightning channel. In addition, a positive correlation between the duration and multiplicity of the flash is presented. The characteristics of the subset of flashes exhibiting multiple GSPs is further examined. It follows that strokes with a stroke order of 2 create a new GSP in 60 % of the cases, while this percentage quickly drops for higher-order strokes. Further, the possibility of forming a new lightning channel to ground in terms of the number of strokes that conditioned the previous lightning channel shows that approximately 88 % developed after the occurrence of only one stroke. Investigating the time intervals in the other 12 % of the cases when two or more strokes re-used the previous lightning channel showed that the average interstroke time interval preceding a new lightning channel is found to be more than twice the time difference between strokes that follow the previous lightning channel.
Global ground strike point characteristics in negative downward lightning flashes – Part 2: Algorithm validation
Authors: Poelman Dieter R. , Schulz Wolfgang , Pedeboy Stephane , Campos Leandro Z. S. , Matsui Michihiro , Hill Dustin , Saba Marcelo , Hunt Hugh
Published: June 2021

Abstract. At present the lightning flash density is a key input parameter for assessing the risk of occurrence of a lightning strike in a particular region of interest. Since it is known that flashes tend to have more than one ground termination point on average, the use of ground strike point densities as opposed to flash densities is more appropriate. Lightning location systems (LLSs) do not directly provide ground strike point densities. However, ingesting their observations into an algorithm that groups strokes into respective ground strike points results in the sought-after density value. The aim of this study is to assess the ability of three distinct ground strike point algorithms to correctly determine the observed ground-truth strike points. The output of the algorithms is tested against a large set of ground-truth observations taken from different regions around the world, including Austria, Brazil, France, Spain, South Africa and the United States of America. These observations are linked to the observations made by a local LLS in order to retrieve the necessary parameters of each lightning discharge, which serve as input for the algorithms. Median values of the separation distance between the first stroke in the flash and subsequent ground strike points are found to vary between 1.3 and 2.75 km. It follows that all three of the algorithms perform well, with success rates of up to about 90 % to retrieve the correct type of the strokes in the flash, i.e., whether the stroke creates a new termination point or follows a pre-existing channel. The most important factor that influences the algorithms' performance is the accuracy by which the strokes are located by the LLS. Additionally, it is shown that the strokes' peak current plays an important role, whereby strokes with a larger absolute peak current have a higher probability of being correctly classified compared to the weaker strokes.
Preface: Developments in the science and history of tides
Authors: Woodworth Philip L. , Green J. A. Mattias , Ray Richard D. , Huthnance John M.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. This special issue marks the 100th anniversary of the founding of the
Liverpool Tidal Institute (LTI), one of a number of important scientific
developments in 1919. The preface gives a brief history of how the LTI came
about and the roles of its first two directors, Joseph Proudman and Arthur
Doodson. It also gives a short overview of the research on tides at the LTI
through the years. Summaries are given of the 26 papers in the special
issue. It will be seen that the topics of many of them could be thought of
as providing a continuation of the research first undertaken at the LTI.
Altogether, they provide an interesting snapshot of work on tides now being
made by groups around the world.
Effects of application of biochar and straw on sustainable phosphorus management
Authors: Li Xue , Li Na , Yang Jinfeng , Xiang Yansen , Wang Xin , Han Xiaori
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Excessive use of phosphorus (P) in farmland soil and improper disposal of crop residues such as straws accelerate the consumption of P resources and cause a high level of air and water pollution, which are the main limiting factors for sustainable agricultural development. The most important alternative is the introduction of organic fertilizers to replace mineral P fertilizer. However, the type of organic fertilizers and management methods differ significantly. In this study, we used solution 31-P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and Hedley fractionation method to characterize the P compounds in the initial soil (in 2013; CK0), long-term unfertilized (CK) soil, and the soils treated with N+P+K mineral fertilizer (NPK), biochar in combination with NPK fertilizer (CNPK), and corn straw in combination with NPK fertilizer (SNPK). The results showed that adding biochar significantly increased the concentration of P. However, Olsen-P was found to be the highest (21.88 mg kg−1) in SNPK. The concentration of Hedley-P was the highest (574.76 mg kg−1) in CNPK. The inorganic P forms were significantly increased by adding biochar (up to 183.9 %). The concentration of orthophosphate is positively relative to Resin-P, NaHCO3-inorganic P (Pi; organic P (Po)), NaOH-Po, and Residual-P, which are absorbed and utilized to plants and microorganisms. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and inositol hexakisphosphate (IHP) are potential sources of P. Compared to the direct application of straw, adding biochar increases the available P in the different soil and reduces environmental pollution.
Bimodality in Ensemble Forecasts of 2-Meter Temperature: Identification
Authors: Bertossa Cameron Drew , Hitchcock Peter , DeGaetano Arthur , Plougonven Riwal
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Bimodality and other types of non-Gaussianity arise in ensemble forecasts of the atmosphere as a result of non-linear spread across ensemble members. In this paper, bimodality in 50-member ECMWF ENS-extended ensemble forecasts is identified and characterized. Forecasts of 2-meter temperature are found to exhibit widespread bimodality well over a derived false-positive rate. In some regions bimodality occurs in excess of 30 % of forecasts, with the largest rates occurring during lead times of 2 to 3 weeks. Bimodality occurs more frequently in the winter hemisphere with indications of baroclinicity being a factor to its development. Additionally, bimodality is more common over the ocean, especially the polar oceans, which may indicate development caused by boundary conditions (such as sea ice). Near the equatorial region, bimodality remains common during either season and follows similar patterns to the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) suggesting convection as a possible source for its development. Over some continental regions the modes of the forecasts are separated by up to 15 °C. The probability density for the modes can be up to four times greater than at the minimum between the modes, which lies near the ensemble mean. The widespread presence of such bimodality has potentially important implications for decision makers acting on these forecasts. Bimodality also has implications for assessing forecast skill and for statistical post-processing: several commonly used skill scoring methods and ensemble dressing methods are found to perform poorly in the presence of bimodality.
Pengaruh Penerapan Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) Dan Penyusunan Sanitasi Standar Operasional Prosedur (SSOP) terhadap Proses Pengolahan Cumi Beku yang Dimoderasi oleh Sistem Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) pada PT. Sanjaya Internasional Fishery
Authors: Yani Ari Soeti , Safitri Riana Wulan
Published: June 2021

This Study aims to determine the effect of the application of Good Manucturing Practices (GMP) and the preparation of Sanitation Standard Operational Procedure (SSOP) on the processing of frozen squid, and determine the effect of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) system as a moderating variable. The results of the research that love been carried out show the influence of the implementation of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), preparation of Sanitasi Standard Operational Procedure (SSOP) and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) on the processing frozen squid. However, moderating the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) is not able to moderate the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Sanitation Standard Operational Procedure of the frozen squid processing. From this research, it is explained one of the effects is that there are still irregularities in craying out the application of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), Sanitation Standard Operational Procedure (SSOP) and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HAACP) to the frozen squid processing.
Proyecto migratorio y trayectorias laborales de cuidadoras latinoamericanas: efectos de la Gran Recesión. Un estudio cualitativo en el Área Metropolitana de Valencia
Authors: Muñoz González Óscar
Published: June 2021

Este texto aborda el proyecto migratorio y las trayectorias laborales de mujeres latinoamericanas que trabajan como cuidadoras en el ámbito doméstico en el Área Metropolitana de Valencia. A partir del uso de una metodología cualitativa se llega a varias conclusiones: existe una explicación multicausal de los proyectos migratorios, predominando los de carácter económico/laboral, y, en segundo lugar, sus trayectorias laborales se caracterizan por el mantenimiento en las mismas ocupaciones con ligeros cambios, o con modificaciones en sectores muy concretos. Además, la Gran Recesión ha afectado de manera negativa aquellas que habían visto levemente mejoradas sus posiciones en el mercado laboral o sus condiciones en el empleo, truncando o interrumpiendo sus trayectorias, con pérdidas de empleo, peores condiciones laborales, trabajos esporádicos, retorno a sus países de origen (con o sin éxito) o movilidad geográfica, tanto por el territorio español como fuera de este.
Las políticas de empleo como refuerzo de la precariedad y la división sexual del trabajo: el papel del personal técnico
Authors: Martín Herreros Vicky , Pastor Gosálbez Inmaculada
Published: June 2021

Las políticas activas de empleo son herramientas específicas de las políticas sociolaborales para intervenir en el mercado de empleo facilitando que aquellas personas que buscan empleo lo encuentren. La actual configuración de estas políticas, que se sustenta en su mayor parte, en proyectos programa con duración determinada y acciones finalistas en manos de entidades locales, es ejecutada por personal técnico en una especialidad profesional muy feminizada y con trayectorias laborales caracterizadas por la precariedad. Se ha llevado a cabo una investigación con metodología cualitativa mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a personal técnico que desarrolla políticas de empleo, así como a diversos policy markers. Los resultados obtenidos nos permiten afirmar que las PAE se configuran como un mecanismo de control social eficiente sobre el sistema de división sexual del trabajo, utilizando al personal técnico como herramientas en la legitimación de la precariedad y de la segregación por género en el empleo.
Organizaciones salariales y declive sindical. Dos ejemplos
Authors: Moral-Martín J. David
Published: June 2021

Este trabajo plantea varias reflexiones mantenidas por determinados colectivos de trabajadores que, sin y con afiliación, se han autoorganizado, colectiva y salarialmente, ante la supuesta pérdida de influencia del sindicato, lo que pudiera vincularlas a otra etapa más de confirmación de la capacidad transformadora del sindicalismo, en un complejo momento para los sindicatos denominados de clase que se encuentran adecuándose a los cambios experimentados por el mercado de trabajo. Además, ambos tipos de organizaciones -de clase y nuevas- se retroalimentan: de forma positiva, equiparándose como experimentadoras sociales, y de forma negativa, ya que sus respectivas formas de abordar las utopías sindicales parecen distanciarlas. Para su desarrollo nos hemos basado en el análisis crítico de la literatura disponible, así como en el estudio de fuentes primarias de las organizaciones objeto de estudio. La principal conclusión es la existencia de suficientes elementos para esperar que estas nuevas organizaciones operan transformaciones al obligar a replantearse los criterios clásicos de actuación de los sindicatos mayoritarios.
The state and the share of rural women on the agricultural entrepreneurship activities in the Slovak republic
Authors: Kapsdorferová Zuzana , Jacková Silvia , Švikruhová Petronela
Published: June 2021

The economic empowerment of rural women in the recent development of agriculture through entrepreneurship is considered an important challenge. Rural women often manage complex households and pursue multiple livelihood strategies. Their activities typically include cultivation of crops, farming animals, processing and preparing food, working for wages in agricultural or other rural enterprises, collecting fuel and water, engaging in trade and marketing, caring for family members, and maintaining their homes. The research aimed to collect up-to-date data on Slovak rural women dealing with business in the field of agriculture, women's role and status in society in rural areas, on the farm, women's participation in education, training, and agricultural services. The main focus is dedicated to their share on the management of agricultural entities, land cultivation, employment of rural women and men, and their deal on the selected entrepreneurial activities of Slovak agriculture. Women doing business in agriculture dispose of with considerable knowledge and experience in the agricultural and food sectors. The realized research showed that the scale of farms managed by women is 325 hectares. Rural women in the surveyed group are taking care of about 2.5% of the total area of agricultural land in Slovakia and they are employing 2.40% of the working forces in the agricultural sector in Slovakia. According to our survey, rural women are under-represented in managerial and ownership positions of agricultural entities.
Simple and Cost Effective Polymer Modified Gold Nanoparticles Based on Colorimetric Determination of L-Cysteine in Food Samples
Authors: Khalkho Beeta Rani , Saha Anushree , Sahu Bhuneshwari , Deb Manas Kanti
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The purpose of the present research was to design a method for the colorimetric determination of L-cysteine. We have employed PVA capped gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as a probe. The as-synthesized GNPs were further characterized by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Zeta potential analyser. The results show that the presence of L-cysteine caused the quenching of the surface plasmon resonance band of the GNPs at 524 nm. It was accompanied by the appearance of a new absorbance of a new absorbance band at 670 nm. The color of the colloidal GNPs changed from wine red to blue. The change in color of the GNPs was due to their aggregation induced by the presence of L-cysteine. Based on these observations, the as-synthesized GNPs were utilized to develop a novel colorimetric sensor for L-cysteine detection in food samples. Significantly, other biomolecules such as alanine, proline, phenylalanine, tryptophane, valine, arginine, glutamic acid, lysine and histidine did not cause any change in the color of the GNPs solutions. This colorimetric probe showed excellent selectivity and high sensitivity for L-cysteine with a detection limit of 2.0 μg mL-1.
Ética Empresarial, Responsabilidad Social Empresarial y Construcción de Paz: Análisis para el Postconflicto
Authors: Arizabaleta Domínguez Sandra Lucia , López Cañon Sandra Biviana , Ochoa Cubillos Andrés Felipe
Published: June 2021

Este artículo tiene por objeto analizar el tipo de contribución que las organizaciones públicas, privadas y del tercer sector, deben realizar desde la ética empresarial y la RSE, como aporte a la construcción de paz, en un escenario de posconflicto en Colombia. Se revisan los fundamentos teóricos sobre Ética Empresarial, Posconflicto, Construcción de Paz y Responsabilidad Social Empresarial, frente a las consideraciones y postulados presentados por expertos científico-académicos sobre el devenir de un escenario posconflicto en Colombia y el rol que estas organizaciones tendrán como actores, directa e indirectamente, involucradas.

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the type of contribution that publics, private and third sector or ganizations, must to make from business ethics and CSR, as a contribution to peacebuilding, in a post conflict’s scenario in Colombia. The theoretical foundations on Business Ethics, post conflict, peacebuilding and Corporate Social Responsibility was reviewed, against the considerations and postulates presented by scientific and academic experts on the development of a post conflict scenario in Colombia and the role that these organizations will have as direct and indirect actors involved.
Sztuka tworząca sztukę
Authors: Tarara Paulina
Published: June 2021

W pierwszej części artykułu przedstawię definicję oraz początki sztuki generatywnej (generative art) na przykładzie AARONa Harolda Cohena i Malującego Błazna Simona Coltona. W drugiej części opiszę współczesne dążenia w sztuce generatywnej na przykładzie maszyny imitującej Rembrandta oraz sieci przeciwstawnej Elgamalla.
Dźwięk przestrzenny - poczucie otoczenia dźwiękiem
Authors: Gibała-Kapecka Beata
Published: June 2021

Nie postrzegamy rzeczywistości, tylko reakcje swojego mózgu. Jest jedna rzeczywistość, ale jej reprezentacja w różnych mózgach jest inna. Im bardziej różne mózgi, tym bardziej odmienne reprezentacje.[John Locke]

Prawdziwe to są tylko sygnały elektryczne interpretowane przez twój mózg. [Morfeusz do Noego, Matrix]

W świecie antropocenu bezwzględnie zmienionym przez człowieka, w którym zachodzące procesy często wymykają się nam spod kontroli, nasza wizja świata jest jakaś niekompletna, nie do przewidzenia, lecz jeśli pofolgujemy naszej nieskrępowanej wyobraźni, to jawi się przed nami przynajmniej możliwość poszerzania horyzontów naszego i innych – pola widzenia.
METHODS OF THERMAL STRENGTHENING OF SOILS
Authors:   Astrakhan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Astrakhan, Russia, Kondrashin K.G. , Pilipenko V.N. ,   Astrakhan State University, Astrakhan, Russia
Published: June 2021

In the practice of construction on loess and loess soils, there are numerous cases of significant and uneven settlement of the foundations of buildings and structures due to the ability of subsidence soils to significantly decrease in volume (compaction) when moistened, which causes dangerous and often emergency deformations, and sometimes complete destruction of these structures. Thermal methods of strengthening loess soils make it possible to completely eliminate their subsidence properties and at the same time in-crease the bearing capacity of soils to a depth of 10–15 m.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF BIOCHEMICAL GAS TREATMENT IN THE WORKING AREA OF CLOSED WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), St. Petersburg, Russia, Belousova V.Yu. , Kondakova N.V. ,   South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI) named after M.I. Platov, Novocherkassk, Russia, Reznikova S.N. ,   Don State Technical University, Rosvov-on-Don, Russia, Serpokrilov N.S. ,   South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI) named after M.I. Platov, Novocherkassk, Russia
Published: June 2021

The results of the study of gas emissions from blocked wastewater treatment plants are presented. During the experiment, high concentrations of sulfur dioxide were detected. The analysis of methods for reducing the concentration of pollutants in the air of the working area of the aeration station was carried out. It is proposed to use a biochemical purification using a biofilter with a load of bark and biohumus. A model of the installation was constructed. To determine the technological parameters of the biofilter considered different types of combinations (height, moisture, particle size) of the carrier biomass and supporting layer of gravel, the effective processing time of the gas mixture. A decrease in sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and formaldehyde was found. Additional advantages of the applied biologically active filter material are given.
PRINCIPLES OF STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION AND COMPOSITION IN MUSIC AND ARCHITECTURAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Astrakhan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Astrakhan, Russia, Novinskaya N.A. , Kuzyakina A.I.
Published: June 2021

The article explores the basic principles of the structural organisation in music and architecture. We analyze development and transformation of these principles through the various stages of human culture from ancient times to the present. We explore understanding of harmony and aesthetics in different cultures. We review the basic rules of harmony taking the art of ancient Greece and Rome as an example. We review the history of the Golden Ratio and its realisation in practice. The central section gives the calculation of the Golden Ratio in the J. S. Bach`s Chromatic Fantasia in D minor. Finally, we describe the formation and development of the fractal aesthetics and give the examples of fractal art in architecture and music.
EMPIRICAL FEATURES OF PERCEPTION OF ARCHITECTURAL SPACE AND FORM
Authors:   Astrakhan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Astrakhan, Russia, Salakhutdinova V.S. , Novinskaya N.A.
Published: June 2021

The creation of the unity of the architectural composition from many components, the origin of the whole image is one of the main tasks of architecture. The article presents the results of the study and analysis of the mechanisms of empirical perception of architectural space and form. The chronological sequence of research on the topic among domestic and foreign architects and researchers has been derived. Analysis of the current situation, classification of problems, search for available solutions. The article is devoted to the calculation of the roles of various types of human perception of architecture in the general system of human life. A classification of the psychoemotional impact of various types of architecture patterns on a person is proposed. The authors consider the architectural space and form also from the standpoint of semiotics. At the end of the article, the conclusions of the work are formulated and substantiated, and ways of applying the results obtained are proposed.
Regional Rainfall Frequency Analysis on Seven Sites of Punjab, Pakistan using L-moments
Authors: Nawaz Uzma , Hussain Zamir , Nihal Tooba , Usman Saira
Published: June 2021

The hydro-meteorological variables of extreme rainfall are not easy to explain due to unexpected changes in climate and varied usage of water with growing population. Regional rainfall frequency analysis is the one such method that is useful for the requirement of more accurate estimates of rainfall yearly or desineally for the regions having lack of fresh water resources. The series of Annual Maximum Monthly Rainfall Totals (AMMRT) has been used for the seven sites of northern Punjab, Pakistan using L-moments. The results of different test, the run test, lag-1 correlation and Mann-Whitney U test illustrate that the data series of the seven sites of northern Punjab were found random and independently and identically distributed and have no serial correlation. Heterogeneity measure exposed that the region is homogeneous and discordancy measure gives the evidence that no site is discordant among the seven. The result of goodness of fit test including L-moment Ratio diagrams, ZDIST statistic and Mean Absolute Deviation Index exposed the Pearson Type III (PE3), Generalized Normal (GNO) and Generalized Extreme Value(GEV) are best suitable of the regional distribution for the quantiles estimation. The quantiles estimates obtained for different return periods. A linear regression model was developed with good fit between the at site characteristics and the mean of the AMMRT of the sites. The estimates of the study may be used for the estimation of the rainfall quantiles of the seven sites for different return periods. The estimates will be useful to design future preventive measures for the harmful impact of hydro meteorological events at these sites in Punjab Pakistan.
Major Socio-Economic Factors Responsible for Crimes
Authors: Ahmad Naseer , Asim Mirza Adnan
Published: June 2021

Crime in Pakistan has been increasing day by day with the passage of time. This research discussed two particularly influential approaches to the explanation of the role of Socio-Economic factors that are responsible for crimes. One of these approaches emphasizes social orientations and the other economic deprivation. Certain groups allegedly endorse values that are supportive of criminal behavior. In this study Quantitative research method is used and universe of this study is district jail Sargodha. Data is collected through questionnaire and 110 respondents included in this study which is selected after applying simple random sampling technique and through SPSS (statistical packages for social sciences) data analysis is comprises. Even though statistical significance is often difficult and problematic but this technique is used to logically and scientifically approve the factors including social and economic which create a sense of disturbance and responsible for creating the rebellion traits in that individual. These result shows crimes have directed attention to poverty, injustice, unemployment, lawlessness, anomic situation, general economic inequality, and inequality. So socio-economic factors often present and held responsible behind every criminal act that is done by a human. Now as the result the people chose the path of crime that satisfied and pulled out him from the tense situation temporarily but they have to pay the consequences of their criminal actions in the form of a few year prison in corresponding to a small type of crime and sometimes its declared as a lifetime time prison and death penalty according to the severity and intensity of crime.
La educación jurídica como preparación para la contrahegemonía
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sandoval-Trigo Germán Medardo
Published: June 2021

En el presente documento el autor se centra en la-discusión sobre la construcción hegemónica o uso contrahegemóni-co del derecho. Al respecto retoma el argumento de Duncan Kennedy como eje narrativo y hace una crítica desde la colonialidad del poder a efecto de denotar el carácter contrahegemónico fuera de las estructuras que monopolizan el saber y el ejercicio del poder
Pengajaran Sastra Melalui Model Pembelajaran Kreatif Berbasis Pedagogi Drama: Potensi dan Tantangan
Authors: Putri Herlin
Published: June 2021

Tulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian deskriptif analitik terhadap program lokakarya apresiasi sastra berbasis pendidikan kreatif melalui pedagogi drama di SMP Terbuka 3 Depok, Jawa Barat. Penelitian mengeksplorasi dua pertanyaan pokok, yaitu (1) bagaimana pedagogi drama dapat menciptakan pembelajaran kreatif untuk meningkatkan minat belajar, kemampuan berpikir kreatif, kemampuan bekerja sama, dan rasa empati siswa; (2) faktor apa saja yang menjadi pendukung dan penghambat pedagogi drama dalam mencapai tujuan tersebut. Data dikumpulkan melalui jurnal reflektif, wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan potensi pedagogi drama dalam: (1) menciptakan ruang afektif yang meningkatkan minat belajar siswa; (2) menciptakan proses pembelajaran yang partisipatif dan berpusat pada siswa; (3) mendorong daya kreativitas dan kepekaan; (4) menciptakan pembelajaran autentik; (5) melatih kemampuan siswa dalam bekerja sama; Penelitian juga menemukan beberapa faktor yang dapat menjadi kendala seperti keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana sekolah, persiapan yang cukup memakan waktu, manajemen kelas yang tidak dapat diprediksi, dan siswa yang masih awam dengan teknik bermain peran.
“Doumo. Boku desu.”: Negosiasi Maskulinitas dalam Citra Idola Sakurai Sho
Authors: Respati Bawuk
Published: June 2021

Idola laki-laki Jepang dapat dipandang sebagai sebuah bentuk manifestasi dari ide mengenai maskulinitas yang dapat ditemukan dalam masyarakat Jepang. Citra seorang idola adalah sesuatu yang kompleks, maka nilai-nilai maskulinitas yang dimanifestasikan pun kompleks. Hal ini tercermin dalam citra Sakurai Sho, anggota grup idola Arashi, yang tidak hanya tampil dalam konteks dirinya sebagai seorang idola, dengan menggelar konser, tetapi juga bekerja rutin sebagai seorang newscaster dalam sebuah acara berita televisi. Dengan merujuk kepada konsep mengenai maskulinitas hegemonik, yang terwujud dalam sosok salaryman di Jepang, serta konsep mengenai performa gender idola laki-laki yang dinilai sebagai bentuk alternatif dari maskulinitas di Jepang, ditemukan bahwa dalam konstruksi citra Sakurai Sho, terdapat proses negosiasi antara nilai-nilai maskulinitas dominan dengan nilai-nilai maskulinitas alternatif. Negosiasi tersebut terutama muncul dalam hubungan intertekstual antara sejumlah teks media yang membentuk citra Sakurai Sho secara keseluruhan. Negosiasi dalam intertekstualitas ini menunjukkan bahwa maskulinitas bukanlah entitas yang tetap.
Membaca Pola Cliffhanger Dalam Dua Web Series Indonesia
Authors: Cendekia Damas , Adeline Tandian Erina
Published: June 2021

Internet telah melahirkan sebuah platform baru dalam naratif audio-visual, yakni web series. Web series mengadopsi cara bercerita dari serial televisi lewat episodisasinya, termasuk penggunaan cliffhanger di akhir setiap episode. Penonton web series dapat mengikuti episode berikutnya di waktu yang bebas, sehingga dikhawatirkan bisa mengurangi rasa penasaran setiap episode berakhir, dan berdampak pada teknik cliffhanger yang digunakan. Dua web series Indonesia, yaitu Sore: Istri dari Masa Depan dan Filosofi Kopi The Series: Ben and Jody dianalisis menggunakan teknik cliffhanger menurut James Scott Bell. Dua web series tersebut paling banyak mengakhiri episode dengan pengambilan keputusan oleh tokoh, yang berpengaruh pada plot di episode berikutnya. Selain itu, pola cliffhanger yang juga sering digunakan adalah pemberian surprise.
Setelah yang Terserak Dikumpulkan: Sejarah Seni Rupa Indonesia
Authors: Bujono Bambang
Published: June 2021

Sanento Yuliman remaja menulis puisi, gemar melukis. Ia ingin berhenti sekolah sewaktu masih di SMA, di Majenang, Cilacap, Jawa Tengah agar bisa segera belajar melukis di ASRI, Yogyakarta. Entah sebab apa, selulus SMA, 1960, ia masuk Studio Seni Lukis di Departemen Perencanaan dan Seni Rupa Institut Teknologi Bandung --institut yang baru diresmikan setahun sebelumnya yang dulunya bagian dari Universitas Indonesia di Jakarta.
Peluang Dan Tantangan Pengembangan Layanan Wisata Kapal Pesiar (Cruise) Di Pelabuhan Belawan Medan
Authors: I Made Adhi Gunadi
Published: June 2021

As an archipelago, Indonesia has huge potential to become a marine tourism destination, including cruise tourism. Cruise tourism is a very segmented tour and has developed into a complete, complex tourism business and at the same time being able to make a significant and promising contribution in the global tourism industry. This study seeks to assess the readiness of the Belawan port in providing support services to the complex cruise tourism. As an analysis tool, the approach of Manzano (2014) was used. The results of the study show that Belawan already has sufficient readiness to support cruise tourism, but also faces significant challenges so that the services provided can run continuously.
新課綱核心概念再探
Authors:   國立清華大學學習科學與科技研究所教授, 曾正宜 曾正宜
Published: June 2021

108課綱所推動的大規模課程改革影響深遠，卻因將素養與能力混為一談，而引發爭議與困惑，因此難以正視素養所倚之人文主義精神能為教育所帶來的前進動力。本文藉由釐清能力、素養、主體性等概念及其關係，強調發展面對未來挑戰之能力，須建立在學生實踐主體性，並從中找到個人持續修養的方向與動力之前提下才有意義。如此，學生才能學習為自己與社會的未來負責，成為能因應難解之未來的適能者。
素養導向之校長專業指標建構：模糊德菲法與IDA之應用
Authors: Hsin-Chih Lin 林信志
Published: June 2021

本研究目的旨在建構我國中小學校長專業素養，應用模糊德菲法、重要性與困難度分析（IDA）等方法，獲致研究發現如下：一、本研究建構中小學校長七個專業素養及21項指標。二、校長、教師及家長一致認為校長專業素養具高度重要性且難易度適中。三、校長、教師及家長一致認為校長應優先強化「實踐適性揚才，保障學習權益」與「善用行政領導，展現學校效能」之專業素養。四、校長、教師及家長一致認為校長應次優先強化「擘劃學校願景，領導校務發展」與「引領課程發展，精進教學成效」之專業素養。五、校長、教師及家長一致認為校長應積極維持「恪守倫理規範，樹立專業形象」之專業素養。六、校長、教師及家長一致認為校長應持續維持「優化學習情境，構築未來學校」與「經營公共關係，建立互信文化」之專業素養。
On the Experience of Being Seen Doing
Authors: Picó Vila David
Published: June 2021

This article is a reflection about the “structure of the situation” in which some specific experiences of suffering take place: performance anxiety, stage fright, and social phobia. These experiences occur in a social setting in which the person feels that she “is seen doing” by others. More specifically, the person's agency becomes figural to others and the presence of others becomes—maybe disruptively—figural for the acting person. The article explores how a sense of I-agency and we-agency can emerge in the joint action, and how this can support the experience. The theoretical background is a radically relational approach to Gestalt therapy. The ideas presented here are illustrated with case examples.