bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment Parameters for Arrayed Pulse Wave Analysis and Application in Hypertensive Disorders
Authors: Bi Zi-Juan , Yao Xing-Hua , Hu Xiao-Juan , Yuan Pei , Guo Xiao-Jing , Guo Zhi-Ling , Wang Si-Han , Li Jun , Shi Yu-Lin , Li Jia-Cai , Cui Ji , Xu Jia-Tuo
Published: February 2022

Study on the objectivity of pulse diagnosis is inseparable from the instruments to obtain the pulse waves. The single-pulse diagnostic instrument is relatively mature in acquiring and analysing pulse waves, but the pulse information captured by single-pulse diagnostic instrument is limited. The sensor arrays can simulate rich sense of the doctor’s fingers and catch multipoint and multiparameter array signals. How to analyse the acquired array signals is still a major problem in the objective research of pulse diagnosis. The goal of this study was to establish methods for analysing arrayed pulse waves and preliminarily apply them in hypertensive disorders. While a sensor array can be used for the real-time monitoring of twelve pulse wave channels, for each subject in this study, only the pulse wave signals of the left hand at the “guan” location were obtained. We calculated the average pulse wave (APW) per channel over a thirty-second interval. The most representative pulse wave (MRPW) and the APW were matched by their correlation coefficient (CC). The features of the MRPW and the features that corresponded to the array pulse volume (APV) parameters were identified manually. Finally, a clinical trial was conducted to detect these feature performance indicators in patients with hypertensive disorders. The independent-samples t-tests and the Mann–Whitney U-tests were performed to assess the differences in these pulse parameters between the healthy and hypertensive groups. We found that the radial passage (RP) APVh1, APVh3, APVh4, APVh3/h1 (P < 0.01), and APVh4/h1 (P < 0.05) were significantly higher in the hypertensive group than in the healthy group; the intermediate passage (IP) APVh4, APVh3/h1 (P < 0.05), and APVh4/h1 (P < 0.01) and the mean APVh3, APVh3/h1 (P < 0.05), and APVh4/h1 (P < 0.01) were significantly higher in the hypertensive group than in the healthy group, and the ulnar passage (UP) APVh4/h1 (P < 0.05) was clearly elevated in the hypertensive group. These results provide a preliminary validation of this novel approach for determining the APV by arrayed pulse wave analysis. In conclusion, we identified effective indicators of hypertensive vascular function. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pulses comprise multidimensional information, and a sensor array could provide a better indication of TCM pulse characteristics. In this study, the validation of the arrayed pulse wave analysis demonstrates that the APV can reliably mirror TCM pulse characteristics.
Widespread Arterial Thrombosis after ChAdOx1 nCov-19 Vaccination
Authors: Berlot Giorgio , Tomasini Ariella , La Fata Cristina , Pintacuda Stefania , Rigutti Sara , Falanga Anna
Published: February 2022

Vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia is an uncommon complication of COVID-19 vaccines using adenovirus mRNA carriers and has been associated with thrombosis of the cerebral venous sinuses and portal system. We report a case of a 69-year-old woman admitted to the intensive care unit due to stroke caused by thrombosis of the right carotid artery 9 days after receiving the ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccine. Further investigations demonstrated multiple thrombi in the arterial tree in the absence of any venous involvement. The clinical course and the treatment are described and discussed.
Research on 3D Rendering Effect of Marine Bionic Packaging Container Based on Deep Learning and Visualization
Authors: Ning Jie , Ren Xiaonan , Cho Joung Hyung
Published: February 2022

Three-dimensional rendering includes the test of system development environment and running environment. Three-dimensional rendering influencing factors test: the number and size of parallel blocks affect the average rendering frame rate of 26.9 when the number is 9600 and the size is 10 × 10, and the average rendering frame rate is 13.7 when the number is 600 and the size is 40 × 40. According to relevant data, it is inferred that the average rendering frame rate is higher when the number of parallel blocks is large and the size of parallel blocks is small, and the number is inversely proportional to the size. The rendering window size also has a relative influence on the rendering frame rate. When the window size is 600 × 400, only the terrain frame rate is 77.3, and when the window size is 1200 × 800, the frame rate is 68.1, which shows that when only the terrain frame rate is rendered, the frame rate decreases with the increase in the window size, and its performance is not high when only CPU is used. However, when CPU is combined with GPU, the performance is greatly improved, reaching the highest of 29.3 and the lowest of 21.5, which is much higher than that when only CPU is used. According to the influence of the number of sampling points on the frame rate, the 5 × 5 sampling method and 2 × 2 sampling method proposed in this paper have better frame rate performance than the traditional template shadow method. Through the above data, we know that the number of parallel blocks, size, window size, sampling method, and other factors have a certain impact on the average rendering frame rate. Marine bionics is a marginal subject between marine biology and technical engineering science. Deep networks have had a huge impact on the field of machine learning research and application, but at the same time, they cannot clearly explain the ins and outs of deep networks. People have been working to understand the complex process more thoroughly. Since humans’ cognition and experience of the world mainly come from vision, good visualization can effectively help people understand the deep network and perform effective optimization and adjustment.
Application of Unbalanced Data Classification Based on CSD-ELM in English Network Teaching Mode
Authors: Xie Yingmei
Published: February 2022

In order to accurately predict the frame loss phenomenon, this study proposes a continuous frame loss test for CSD-ELM short-range wireless communication. First, the noise and trend direction of CSD-ELM are removed, the preprocessing of the data is completed, then, these data are injected into the BP neural network as a training sample, continuous frame loss tests are performed on the communication data, the results are output, and the calculation formula is obtained. The test results show that the method has higher accuracy, lower false alarm rate, and shorter test time and is suitable for the detection of continuous data frame loss in short-distance wireless communication. Then, this study proposes an integrated WELM algorithm, which combines the features of AdaBoost, which can generate strong classifiers through the integration of weak classifiers, so as to achieve the best performance for imbalanced data classification. The algorithm assigns different methods to update the weights of different types of samples, so as not to violate the skewness of the weight distribution. The sigmoid function uses error calculation technology, which can separately reflect the classification characteristics of the two samples, and improves the antinoise function of the algorithm. Finally, this study introduces how to analyze and design a college network English learning management system that can meet the requirements of “network system and classroom English teaching mode” in the internet environment. It solves the time limitation of existing English classrooms, expands college English courses to be student centered, creates interactive online classroom spaces, realizes English classrooms regardless of time and region, avoids teachers’ duplication of work, improves teachers’ teaching efficiency, and ultimately promotes the improvement of students’ learning efficiency.
Healthcare Utilization and Treatment Patterns in Patients with Chronic Prurigo and Chronic Pruritus in Germany
Authors: Ständer Sonja , Garbe Claudia , Hagenström Kristina , Petersen Jana , Zeidler Claudia , Augustin Matthias
Published: February 2022

Background: To date, there have been no large studies describing real-world treatment of chronic prurigo (CPG) and pruritus (CPR) in Germany. Objective: To determine the healthcare utilization, treatment patterns, and costs associated with CPG and CPR in Germany. Methods: Retrospective analysis using anonymized claims data (German DAK-Gesundheit), based on a 40% sample of all insured adults of the DAK-Gesundheit on December 31, 2010 (N = 2,006,003). Results: Patients with CPR (prevalence 2.2%) most commonly visited general medicine/general practitioners (GPs, 80.1%), followed by gynecologists (66.1%) and dermatologists (51.1%). Patients with CPG (prevalence 0.2%) most commonly visited dermatologists (85.7%), GPs (78.1%), and ophthalmologists (47.2%). Of adult patients, 44% received at least one drug prescription. Two thirds of patients with a drug prescription received ≥1 topical drug (66.2%), and 54.3% ≥1 systemic drug (total costs of approximately EUR 550,000 and 2,500,000, respectively). Of patients with CPG, 33.8% received ≥1 systemic and 45.1% ≥1 topical drug prescription (costs of approximately EUR 360,000 vs. 105,000). Of patients with CPR, 23.5% received ≥1 systemic and 28.6% ≥1 topical drug prescription (costs of approximately EUR 2,000,000 vs. 500,000). Of patients with CPG, 5.8% received ≥1 phototherapy application vs. 1.2% of patients with CPR. Conclusions: These findings reflect the reality of care and can form a basis for the identification of overuse, underuse, and misuse in order to design CPG and CPR healthcare more effectively and efficiently.
The Impact of Vascular Loops in the Cerebellopontine Angle on Audio-Vestibular Symptoms: A Systematic Review
Authors: Papadopoulou Anna-Maria , Bakogiannis Nikolaos , Sofokleous Valentinos , Skrapari Ioanna , Bakoyiannis Chris
Published: February 2022

It has been suggested that vascular loops in the cerebellopontine angle and internal auditory canal are involved in the etiology of audio-vestibular symptoms. Several studies have focused on the compression of the eighth cranial nerve by vascular loops but have yielded contradictory results regarding their clinical significance. The aim of this study was to investigate whether vascular loops in this region correlate with audio-vestibular symptoms and which loop features – if any – can potentially lead to symptom manifestation. This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. We performed on PubMed a literature search from November 2005 to October 2020. The search strategy included the following keywords (“vascular loops” OR “AICA loops” OR “vascular compression syndrome”) AND (“hearing loss” OR “tinnitus” OR “vertigo”). Fifteen studies were eligible and included in the analysis. Overall, the studies encompassed a total of 11,788 patients included in this review. The significantly larger group of patients (70%), in which no correlation of symptoms with vascular loops was found, suggests that vascular loops are probably anatomic variations in a substantial majority of cases with an uncommon subset causing some audio-vestibular symptoms. Even within the papers claiming a correlation, there is a multitude of symptoms that did not correlate with vascular loops. It has been suggested by most authors that magnetic resonance imaging should be performed to exclude the role of a vascular loop in the etiology of audio-vestibular symptoms only when vascular compression syndrome is suspected based on clinical indications and not routinely. Further studies would be useful in order to detail the relationship between the vascular structures and the nervous system.
Literatura e música: voz, escuta e reencantamento
Authors: Silva Maria Luiza Berwanger da
Published: February 2022

Tomando como ponto de partida o pensamento de Roland Barthes, Claude Lévi-Strauss e Charles Baudelaire sobre a eficácia da relação Literatura/Música, o presente estudo examina efeitos produzidos pelo diálogo estabelecido entre esses dois campos artísticos postos em intersecção. Nesse sentido, verifica-se que o conjunto de efeitos gerados compõe certa zona de convergência configurada pela experiência do “inusitado” vivenciada pelo sujeito. Elucida-se tal vivência com base na reflexão do filósofo François Jullien que o justifica pelo conceito de “transformações silenciosas” enquanto aflorar de sensações inesperadas. Seja em L’Obvie et l’obtus e em La Préparation du roman, de Barthes, seja em Tristes Trópicos e em Olhar Escutar Ler, de Lévi-Strauss, e seja em Critique musicale, de Baudelaire, a ênfase sobre a liberdade de escuta do sujeito-espectador permite verificar a eficácia de Literatura e Música associadas pelo reencantamento singular que produz na subjetividade expandida e em constante redescoberta.
Música e literatura em Pauliceia Desvairada de Mário de Andrade: uma análise do verso harmônico
Authors: Menezes Enrique Valarelli , Pires Carlos
Published: February 2022

Em Pauliceia desvairada (1922), Mário de Andrade procurou ensaiar uma relação particular entre literatura e música nomeada pelo próprio no “Prefácio interessantíssimo” como verso harmônico. Embora isso seja algo relativamente bem conhecido, a investigação efetiva do diálogo entre campos artísticos realizada pela figura central do Modernismo brasileiro praticamente não foi considerada por historiadores da literatura e críticos. Prendemos nesse artigo investigar o verso harmônico e, assim, refletir sobre o primeiro experimento modernista de Mário de Andrade.
vida saindo da canção: resenha de Tom Zé, o último tropicalista
Authors: Gonçalves Patrícia Anette Schroeder
Published: February 2022

A recém-lançada tradução da biografia de Tom Zé, escrita por Pietro Scaramuzzo, traz inúmeros detalhes inéditos sobre a vida do artista. O livro percorre os mais de oitenta anos entre a configuração familiar em Irará antes do nascimento de Antônio José Santana Martins, em 1936, e o álbum Sem você não A, de 2017. Informações até então obscuras relativas à produção de cada disco ou aos bastidores das gravadoras são finalmente acessíveis, graças a um trabalho extenso de pesquisa e às entrevistas que Scaramuzzo realizou com Tom Zé e personagens importantes em sua trajetória, como David Byrne, Caetano Veloso, Gilberto Gil e Arto Lindsay. Nesta resenha, observamos um aspecto em especial: a construção do narrador em relação ao protagonista – e as implicações decorrentes disso para a forma biográfica.
Intertextualidade e teimosia em Velha roupa colorida: diálogos entre Assum-preto, Blackbird e O corvo
Authors: Alencar Rafael Barros de , Lima Samuel Anderson de Oliveira , Pinto Pedro Henrique Pinheiro Xavier
Published: February 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar o horizonte das intertextualidades presentes na canção Velha roupa colorida, de Belchior, mirando no tema da teimosia e da insistência. A canção Velha roupa colorida opera muitas vozes em seus versos, vindas de outra geografia, de outra geração. Em nossa análise, o foco está na intertextualidade entre Assum-preto, Blackbird e O Corvo, bem como sobre a forma com que o cancioneiro cearense trabalha as imagens e os sentidos advindos dessas vozes para reiterar a teimosia, a vontade de viver, a insistência, a contundência do seu personagem.
Feminismo negro e interseccionalidade na canção “Mulher do fim do mundo” (2015) interpretada por Elza Soares
Authors: Conceição Francis Willams Brito da
Published: February 2022

Neste trabalho, objetivamos desenvolver centralmente uma análise da canção homônima ao título do disco, Mulher do fim do mundo, de Elza Soares, tendo como aporte teórico a Teoria da Interseccionalidade - debate desenvolvido no âmbito nacional por Carla Akotirene (2018), Djamila Ribeiro (2018), Heloísa Buarque de Hollanda (2018), entre outras. Investigaremos como ocorre a relação entre gênero e raça na trajetória do eu lírico da canção “Mulher do fim do mundo”, composição musical interpretada por Elza Soares, trazendo breve e comparativamente outras instâncias musicais de Elza em que tais ideias são também destacadas. Para isso, partimos do pressuposto de que a canção se utiliza de um processo de metaforização da dor e solidão femininas, como acepções sentimentais diluídas no carnaval, fazendo a personagem poética deixá-las na avenida do carnaval, para vislumbrar uma trajetória de vida em que a arte (o cantar) se mostre como elemento possibilitador da reconfiguração de um espaço em que outras expectativas para as vozes femininas, que não a solidão e a dor, sejam possíveis "na avenida dura[ndo] até o fim" (SOARES, 2015, faixa 1).
Fome, lama e caos: a presença dos homens-caranguejo no estuário poético de Chico Science & Nação Zumbi
Authors: Feitosa George Antonio , Martins Edson Soares
Published: February 2022

Com o lançamento de Da lama ao caos (1994), álbum de estreia da banda recifense Chico Science & Nação Zumbi, a ascensão artística do movimento Manguebit expôs amplamente sua proposta interestética de aproximar harmonicamente diferentes expressões artísticas. Chico Science, valendo-se desta proposta, constrói o conceito dos Homens-caranguejo, com base na obra Homens e caranguejos (1967), do também recifense Josué de Castro, para complementar a atmosfera plural de sua música. Pretendemos aqui explorar essa aproximação entre Science e Castro, procurando identificar e analisar suas referências, valendo-nos da visão bakhtiniana presente em “O problema do conteúdo, do material e da forma na criação literária” (2010) e A cultura popular na Idade Média e no Renascimento: o contexto de François Rabelais / Mikhail Bakhtin (1987).
Imaging and Surveillance of Chronic Aortic Dissection: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Fleischmann Dominik , Afifi Rana O. , Casanegra Ana I. , Elefteriades John A. , Gleason Thomas G. , Hanneman Kate , Roselli Eric E. , Willemink Martin J. , Fischbein Michael P. ,   on behalf of the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention; Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology; Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia
Published: February 2022

All patients surviving an acute aortic dissection require continued lifelong surveillance of their diseased aorta. Late complications, driven predominantly by chronic false lumen degeneration and aneurysm formation, often require surgical, endovascular, or hybrid interventions to treat or prevent aortic rupture. Imaging plays a central role in the medical decision-making of patients with chronic aortic dissection. Accurate aortic diameter measurements and rigorous, systematic documentation of diameter changes over time with different imaging equipment and modalities pose a range of practical challenges in these complex patients. Currently, no guidelines or recommendations for imaging surveillance in patients with chronic aortic dissection exist.

In this document, we present state-of-the-art imaging and measurement techniques for patients with chronic aortic dissection and clarify the need for standardized measurements and reporting for lifelong surveillance. We also examine the emerging role of imaging and computer simulations to predict aortic false lumen degeneration, remodeling, and biomechanical failure from morphological and hemodynamic features. These insights may improve risk stratification, individualize contemporary treatment options, and potentially aid in the conception of novel treatment strategies in the future.
Herman and Johan Herman Bavinck on the Uniqueness of Christian Theism
Authors: Shannon Nathan D.
Published: February 2022

This article presents Herman Bavinck and Johan Herman Bavinck’s explications of the uniqueness of Christian theism in terms of the absolute personalism of the Christian Scriptures. Both argue that, outside of Christian special revelation, absoluteness and personality appear in irresolvable dialectic. The dogmatician Herman Bavinck detects this tension in the history of Western philosophy, and the missiologist Johan Herman in the religions of Java. They argue that the Christian Scriptures present the absolute personality of the triune God as the subversive fulfillment of the contradictory theisms of philosophical speculation and of non-Christian religions respectively. This article thus attempts a retrieval of a promising neo-Calvinist theme for the sake of a Reformed theology of religions and missiological encounter.
Constitutional Breakdowns in Revolutionary Outbreaks: A Legal Analysis and Political Reinterpretation of Mubarak’s Fall
Authors: Blouët Alexis
Published: February 2022

It is not self-evident to associate revolution with law. The disruption of political order that usually underlies revolutionary outbreaks is thought to affect legal rules so that they are no longer orienting actors. However, if law might be a source of constraints, ontologically it is more surely a discursive register tied to a state’s legitimacy. When the state’s control is at stake, as in a revolutionary situation, one can therefore understand that actors pay attention to the legal significance of their actions. The article will draw on this to analyze the Egyptian army’s arrival to power and Mubarak’s departure during the Revolution of 25 January 2011. By framing their acts as ruptures with constitutional legality (constitutional breakdowns), the article will suggest a richer and more nuanced narrative to the one commonly put forth by the literature. It will point to institutional strategies likely underpinning both actors’ decisions and show that the army’s initial intervention and Mubarak’s resignation might have been less definitive at the time. It will also suggest new ways to think about the relation between law and revolutionary politics. By drawing notably on an understanding of law as a system of meaning from which actors make sense of events and act on them, it will show that legal studies can shed light on revolutionary moments beyond the issue of revolutionary processes’ institutionalization.
Influence of seasonality on wing morphological variability in populations of Mansonia amazonensis (Theobald) (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: DE MELLO CECILIA FERREIRA , CARBAJAL-DE-LA-FUENTE ANA LAURA , FERREIRA VÂNIA DA COSTA , ALENCAR JERONIMO
Published: February 2022

Mansonia amazonensis (Theobald, 1901) is one of 15 species of the subgenus Mansonia Blanchard, 1901. It is essentially a Neotropical species, recorded in Bolivia, Peru and Brazil. In the highly seasonal Amazon region, Mansonia species find ideal environmental conditions for reproduction, development and establishment. Considering that climate significantly influences the size and behavior of mosquitoes, and insects in general, we analyzed the influence of seasonality on wing morphological variability in populations of Ma. amazonensis. Captures were carried out near the banks of the Madeira River in Rondônia State, Brazil during the dry, rainy and transition periods between seasons during 2018 and 2019. Morphometric characters of 181 wings were analyzed using morphological methods. The results show that wing size of Ma. amazonensis increases following a relatively gradual trend, from smaller wings during the dry period to larger ones in the rainy season. This study provides the first evidence, detected using geometric morphometry, of seasonally associated phenotypic variability in the wing conformation of Ma. amazonensis.
A new Polylopha species attacking cinnamon trees in Vietnam (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Chlidanotinae: Polyorthini)
Authors: HEPPNER JOHN B. , BAE YANG-SEOP
Published: February 2022

Polylopha vietnama sp. nov. (Tortricidae: Chlidanotinae: Polyorthini), a new pest of cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia, Lauraceae), is described from northern Vietnam. A related species, Lopharcha ditissima Diakonoff (1974) from Indonesia (Java), is transferred to the genus Polylopha, as P. ditissima (Diakonoff) comb. nov., resulting in nine species for the genus.
Cognitive and human factors in legal layperson decision making: Sources of bias in juror decision making
Authors: Curley Lee J. , Munro James , Dror Itiel E.
Published: February 2022

Juries in adversarial courts are tasked with several responsibilities. They are asked to: 1) assess the credibility and reliability of the evidence presented; 2) deliberate; 3) and then reach a decision. Jurors are expected to evaluate said evidence in a rational/impartial manner, thus allowing the defendant their right to a fair trial. However, psychological research has shown that jurors are not rational and can reach inaccurate decisions by being biased by certain factors. The aim of the current review was to explore the potential sources from which biases are introduced into the jury. Three main sources of bias were focussed upon: 1) pre-trial bias; 2) cognitive bias; 3) bias from external legal actors (expert witnesses). Legal scholars commonly cite deliberations as a method of attenuating individual juror bias, this claim is evaluated in the review. The review concludes that bias is a multifaceted phenomenon introduced from many different elements, and that several sources of bias may interact with one another during a jury trial to cause the effects of bias to snowball. Four recommendations are made: 1) juror selection should be utilised to create heterogenous juries that challenge problematic biases from individual jurors; 2) increase the quality of expert testimony through training; 3) procedures such as Linear Sequential Unmasking should be adopted by expert witnesses to filter out some sources of bias; 4) legal professionals and jurors should be educated about the effects that biases may have on decision making; 5) more research into bias in jurors is needed.
The complications of opioid use during and post–intensive care admission: A narrative review
Authors: Moran Benjamin L , Myburgh John A , Scott David A
Published: February 2022

Opioids are a commonly administered analgesic medication in the intensive care unit, primarily to facilitate invasive mechanical ventilation. Consensus guidelines advocate for an opioid-first strategy for the management of acute pain in ventilated patients. As a result, these patients are potentially exposed to high opioid doses for prolonged periods, increasing the risk of adverse effects. Adverse effects relevant to these critically ill patients include delirium, intensive care unit–acquired infections, acute opioid tolerance, iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome, opioid-induced hyperalgesia, persistent opioid use, and chronic post–intensive care unit pain. Consequently, there is a challenge of optimising analgesia while minimising these adverse effects. This narrative review will discuss the characteristics of opioid use in the intensive care unit, outline the potential short-term and long-term adverse effects of opioid therapy in critically ill patients, and outline a multifaceted strategy for opioid minimisation.
Study on ride comfort in post-braking phase based on brake-by-wire system
Authors: Liu Xiaohui , Song Jian , Yu Liangyao , Lu Zhenghong , Wang Jinzhen , Abi Lanie
Published: February 2022

This paper focuses on both brake safety and ride comfort improvement in the postbraking phase. First, a complete vehicle model is established together with the design of a safety control strategy for the longitudinal deceleration control method. Information on driver behavior and vehicle signals is collected to ensure braking safety, including vehicle speed, vehicle deceleration, steering wheel angle, accelerator opening degree, and ABS status. Second, a methodology for longitudinal deceleration control is proposed using a sliding mode control algorithm, aiming to improve ride comfort in the postbraking phase under the prerequisite of a reduced braking distance. Finally, co-simulation, based on Simulink and CarSim, and vehicle tests are carried out. The results show that when the braking distance is constant, the longitudinal deceleration vibration and vertical pitch vibration in the postbraking phase are well suppressed. The peak overshot of longitudinal deceleration and the amplitude of vertical vibration in the postbraking phase decrease. The vibration period of the vehicle is shortened. The braking process of the vehicle is smoother. Thus, the ride comfort is improved in the postbraking phase while maintaining braking safety.
Behavioral Consistency in the Digital Age
Authors: Shaw Heather , Taylor Paul J. , Ellis David A. , Conchie Stacey M.
Published: February 2022

Efforts to infer personality from digital footprints have focused on behavioral stability at the trait level without considering situational dependency. We repeated a classic study of intraindividual consistency with secondary data (five data sets) containing 28,692 days of smartphone usage from 780 people. Using per-app measures of pickup frequency and usage duration, we found that profiles of daily smartphone usage were significantly more consistent when taken from the same user than from different users ( d > 1.46). Random-forest models trained on 6 days of behavior identified each of the 780 users in test data with 35.8% accuracy for pickup frequency and 38.5% accuracy for duration frequency. This increased to 73.5% and 75.3%, respectively, when success was taken as the user appearing in the top 10 predictions (i.e., top 1%). Thus, situation-dependent stability in behavior is present in our digital lives, and its uniqueness provides both opportunities and risks to privacy.
An Analysis of the Growth of the Unorganised Enterprises in Kerala
Authors: K. Vidyarani
Published: February 2022

This article examines the structure and growth of the unorganised enterprises in Kerala. We analyse the growth of the sector by different industry category in terms of different indicators such as number of units, employment, gross value added (GVA). The article also explores the employment elasticity and the labour productivity of the unorganised enterprises in Kerala. And finally, it also touches upon the relief packages offered by the government to revive the unorganized enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis, based on the NSSO survey on unincorporated non-agricultural enterprises in India, carried out for the period 2010–2011 to 2015–2016 reveals that the unorganised enterprises have been increasing considerably in terms of number of enterprises, number of workers engaged, and in GVA in Kerala.
The Relationship Between Psychache and Suicide Risk With Spiritual Well-Being Levels of Patients Diagnosed With Depression
Authors: Tanrıverdi Derya , Bekircan Esra , Koç Zeynep
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Depression has long been accepted as a serious disability and burden globally, while suicide is a misunderstood and complex cause of death. Psychache is the psychological variable most strongly associated with suicidality. Spirituality is considered an important buffer against stressful events and may help people overcome distress and difficulties. AIMS: This study aims to determine how psychache and suicide risk are related to levels of spiritual well-being in patients with depression. METHODS: Data were collected using the Suicide Probability Scale, the Psychache Scale, and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale. The sample study consisted of 150 Turkish patients diagnosed with depression and receiving psychiatric care. RESULTS: It was found that higher level of spiritual well-being led to decreased risk of suicide and lower level of psychache. Suicide risk increased in parallel to the increasing levels of psychache ( p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: It was observed that higher levels of spiritual well-being may promote a significantly lower risk of suicide and lower levels of psychache. Likewise, increasing levels of psychache may lead to an increase in suicide risk.
Essential Strategies for School Nurses to Move Upstream in Support of Healthy Students and a Healthy Planet
Authors: Reiner Kathy L. , Haas-Howard Christy
Published: February 2022

Human health is dependent on the health of the planet. Overwhelming evidence indicates that environmental degradation and climate change is negatively affecting planetary health and is on a worsening trajectory. The health of our children, especially those who live in poverty, suffer from chronic disease, or are otherwise disadvantaged, will benefit most from successful efforts to change this trajectory or will suffer the most if we do nothing. School nurses, members of the largest and most trusted group of healthcare providers, have a professional and ethical obligation to address environmental degradation and the impact on our students and communities. Research suggests that knowledge about climate change and the associated health impacts are positively correlated to school nurses’ attitudes and behaviors. This article aims to raise school nurse awareness, understanding, and agency regarding the possible trajectories of environmental degradation, implications to the health and well-being of current and future generations of children, and evidence-based actions to positively influence the trajectory. The Framework for 21st Century School Nurse Practice™ advocates a practice model that is student centered and provides a mind-set for school nursing to approach the topic of planetary and environmental health.
Possibilities for Sociological Research to Reduce Inequalities: Observations from the Immigration Scholarship
Authors: Menjívar Cecilia
Published: February 2022

This commentary brings immigration research to the conversation on sociology’s possibilities to respond to inequality. It argues that legal status today has become an important dimension of inequality given its enduring impact across most areas of life and effects that extend laterally to all members of a family and across generations. The piece highlights the possibilities for sociologists to contribute to policy discussions but also the limitations of research in policy spaces given the antiscience resistance in the sociopolitical context today.
Hyperacute prediction of functional outcome in spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hammerbeck Ulrike , Abdulle Aziza , Heal Calvin , Parry-Jones Adrian R
Published: February 2022

Purpose

To describe the association between factors routinely available in hyperacute care of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) patients and functional outcome.

Methods

We searched Medline, Embase and CINAHL in February 2020 for original studies reporting associations between markers available within six hours of arrival in hospital and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at least 6 weeks post-ICH. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed where three or more studies were included.

Findings

Thirty studies were included describing 40 markers. Ten markers underwent meta-analysis and age (OR = 1.06; 95%CI = 1.05 to 1.06; p < 0.001), pre-morbid dependence (mRS, OR = 1.73; 95%CI = 1.52 to 1.96; p < 0.001), level of consciousness (Glasgow Coma Scale, OR = 0.82; 95%CI = 0.76 to 0.88; p < 0.001), stroke severity (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, OR=1.19; 95%CI = 1.13 to 1.25; p < 0.001), haematoma volume (OR = 1.12; 95%CI=1.07 to 1.16; p < 0.001), intraventricular haemorrhage (OR = 2.05; 95%CI = 1.68 to 2.51; p < 0.001) and deep (vs. lobar) location (OR = 2.64; 95%CI = 1.65 to 4.24; p < 0.001) were predictive of outcome but systolic blood pressure, CT hypodensities and infratentorial location were not. Of the remaining markers, sex, medical history (diabetes, hypertension, prior stroke), prior statin, prior antiplatelet, admission blood results (glucose, cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate) and other imaging features (midline shift, spot sign, sedimentation level, irregular haematoma shape, ultraearly haematoma growth, Graeb score and onset to CT time) were associated with outcome.

Conclusion

Multiple demographic, pre-morbid, clinical, imaging and laboratory factors should all be considered when prognosticating in hyperacute ICH. Incorporating these in to accurate and precise models will help to ensure appropriate levels of care for individual patients.
All Epiphyseal ACL Reconstruction in Skeletally Immature Patients Using Quadriceps Tendon Autograft
Authors: Yalcin Sercan , Maier Jacob , Saluan Paul
Published: February 2022

Background:

The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear in the skeletally immature pediatric population has been steadily increasing due to multiple factors, including multiple sports participation, year-round training, and the increase in the number of athletes. Reconstruction in these patients is challenging due to the open physes at the distal femur, proximal tibia, and tibial tuberosity apophysis. Violation of the physis can result in angular deformities or leg length discrepancies.

Indications:

To demonstrate steps of all epiphyseal ACL reconstruction in skeletally immature patients using quadriceps tendon autograft.

Technique Description:

After the patient is positioned, prepped, and draped, the quadriceps tendon autograft is harvested and prepared to be used as the autograft. Using the all-inside technique, femoral and tibial tunnels are created as all-epiphyseal to prevent violating the physes. The ends of the graft are then passed through the tunnels and fixed with an adjustable loop on the femur and a button on the tibia.

Results:

Although excellent clinical outcomes and a high return to sports rates have been reported after ACL reconstruction, the technique to be chosen is not clear yet.

Discussion/Conclusion:

Quadriceps tendon autograft provides an excellent alternative as a graft choice in skeletally immature patients.
Lasmiditan and 5-Hydroxytryptamine in the rat trigeminal system; expression, release and interactions with 5-HT1 receptors
Authors: Edvinsson Jacob C. A. , Maddahi Aida , Christiansen Isabella M. , Reducha Philip V. , Warfvinge Karin , Sheykhzade Majid , Edvinsson Lars , Haanes Kristian A.
Published: February 2022

Background

5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors 1B, 1D and 1F have key roles in migraine pharmacotherapy. Selective agonists targeting these receptors, such as triptans and ditans, are effective in aborting acute migraine attacks and inhibit the in vivo release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in human and animal models. The study aimed to examine the localization, genetic expression and functional aspects of 5- HT1B/1D/1F receptors in the trigeminal system in order to further understand the molecular sites of action of triptans (5-HT1B/1D) and ditans (5-HT1F).

Methods

Utilizing immunohistochemistry, the localization of 5-HT and of 5-HT1B/1D/1F receptors was examined in rat trigeminal ganglion (TG) and combined with quantitative polymerase chain reaction to quantify the level of expression for 5-HT1B/1D/1F receptors in the TG. The functional role of these receptors was examined ex vivo with a capsaicin/potassium induced 5-HT and CGRP release.

Results

5-HT immunoreactivity (ir) was observed in a minority of CGRP negative C-fibres, most neuron somas and faintly in A-fibres and Schwann cell neurolemma. 5-HT1B/1D receptors were expressed in the TG, while the 5-HT1F receptor displayed a weak ir. The 5-HT1D receptor co-localized with receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) in Aδ-fibres in the TG, while 5-HT1B-ir was weakly expressed and 5-HT1F-ir was not detected in these fibres. None of the 5-HT1 receptors co-localized with CGRP-ir in C-fibres.

5-HT1D receptor mRNA was the most prominently expressed, followed by the 5-HT1B receptor and lastly the 5-HT1F receptor. The 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptor antagonist, GR127935, could reverse the inhibitory effect of Lasmiditan (a selective 5-HT1F receptor agonist) on CGRP release in the soma-rich TG but not in soma-poor TG or dura mater. 5-HT release in the soma-rich TG, and 5-HT content in the baseline samples, negatively correlated with CGRP levels, showing for the first time a physiological role for 5-HT induced inhibition.

Conclusion

This study reveals the presence of a subgroup of C-fibres that store 5-HT. The data shows high expression of 5-HT1B/1D receptors and suggests that the 5-HT1F receptor is a relatively unlikely target in the rat TG. Furthermore, Lasmiditan works as a partial agonist on 5-HT1B/1D receptors in clinically relevant dose regiments.
Exploring the effects of genetic variation on gene regulation in cancer in the context of 3D genome structure
Authors: Osman Noha , Shawky Abd-El-Monsif , Brylinski Michal
Published: February 2022

Background

Numerous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) conducted to date revealed genetic variants associated with various diseases, including breast and prostate cancers. Despite the availability of these large-scale data, relatively few variants have been functionally characterized, mainly because the majority of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) map to the non-coding regions of the human genome. The functional characterization of these non-coding variants and the identification of their target genes remain challenging.

Results

In this communication, we explore the potential functional mechanisms of non-coding SNPs by integrating GWAS with the high-resolution chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) data for breast and prostate cancers. We show that more genetic variants map to regulatory elements through the 3D genome structure than the 1D linear genome lacking physical chromatin interactions. Importantly, the association of enhancers, transcription factors, and their target genes with breast and prostate cancers tends to be higher when these regulatory elements are mapped to high-risk SNPs through spatial interactions compared to simply using a linear proximity. Finally, we demonstrate that topologically associating domains (TADs) carrying high-risk SNPs also contain gene regulatory elements whose association with cancer is generally higher than those belonging to control TADs containing no high-risk variants.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that many SNPs may contribute to the cancer development by affecting the expression of certain tumor-related genes through long-range chromatin interactions with gene regulatory elements. Integrating large-scale genetic datasets with the 3D genome structure offers an attractive and unique approach to systematically investigate the functional mechanisms of genetic variants in disease risk and progression.
Loss of REST in breast cancer promotes tumor progression through estrogen sensitization, MMP24 and CEMIP overexpression
Authors: Cloud Ashley S. , Vargheese Aditya M. , Gunewardena Sumedha , Shimak Raeann M. , Ganeshkumar Sornakala , Kumaraswamy Easwari , Jensen Roy A. , Chennathukuzhi Vargheese M.
Published: February 2022

Background

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women, and is both pathologically and genetically heterogeneous, making early detection and treatment difficult. A subset of breast cancers express normal levels ofREST(repressor element 1 silencing transcription factor) mRNA but lack functional REST protein. Loss of REST function is seen in ~ 20% of breast cancers and is associated with a more aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. Despite the frequent loss of REST, little is known about the role of REST in the molecular pathogenesis of breast cancer.

Methods

TCGA data was analyzed for the expression of REST target genes in breast cancer patient samples. We then utilized gene knockdown in MCF-7 cells in the presence or absence of steroid hormones estrogen and/ progesterone followed by RNA sequencing, as well as chromatin immunoprecipitation and PCR in an attempt to understand the tumor suppressor role of REST in breast cancer.

Results

We show that REST directly regulatesCEMIP(cell migration-inducing and hyaluronan-binding protein, KIAA1199) andMMP24(matrix metallopeptidase 24), genes known to have roles in invasion and metastasis. REST knockdown in breast cancer cells leads to significant upregulation of CEMIP and MMP24. In addition, we found REST binds to RE-1 sites (repressor element-1) within the genes and influences their transcription. Furthermore, we found that the estrogen receptor (ESR1) signaling pathway is activated in the absence of REST, regardless of hormone treatment.

Conclusions

We demonstrate a critical role for the loss of REST in aggressive breast cancer pathogenesis and provide evidence for REST as an important diagnostic marker for personalized treatment plans.
The experience of loneliness among people with a “personality disorder” diagnosis or traits: a qualitative meta-synthesis
Authors: Ikhtabi Sarah , Pitman Alexandra , Toh Gigi , Birken Mary , Pearce Eiluned , Johnson Sonia
Published: February 2022

Background

Loneliness is prevalent among people with a “personality disorder” diagnosis or who have related personality traits, but the experience of loneliness among people with “personality disorder” diagnoses/traits has not been well described. A qualitative approach has potential to help understand the experience of loneliness among people with “personality disorder” diagnoses/traits, and to develop interventions that promote recovery. We therefore aimed to synthesise the qualitative literature relevant to this topic.

Method

We conducted a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies exploring the subjective experience of loneliness as reported by people with “personality disorder” diagnoses/traits. We searched four databases using pre-formulated search terms, selected eligible articles, appraised the quality of each, and analyzed data from eligible studies using thematic synthesis.

Result

We identified 39 articles that described the experience of loneliness in people with “personality disorder” diagnoses/traits. From extracted data, we identified seven themes: (1) disconnection and emptiness: a “haunting alienation”, (2) alienation arising from childhood experiences, (3) thwarted desire for closeness and connection, (4) paradox: for both closeness and distance, (5) experiences of existential loneliness, (6) recovery, embedded in a social world, and (7) group therapy: a setback. Our results suggest that for our sample early alienating and traumatic experiences may pave the way for experiences of loneliness, which further exacerbate “personality disorder” symptoms and distress.

Conclusion

Despite describing a need to belong and efforts to cope with unmet social needs, people with “personality disorder” diagnoses/traits (particularly “emotionally unstable personality disorder”) report experiencing an intense disconnection from other people. This seems rooted in early adversities, reinforced by later traumatic experiences. Given the apparent salience of loneliness to people with “personality disorder” diagnoses/traits, interventions focused on helping people connect with others, which may include both psychological and social components, have potential to be beneficial in reducing loneliness and promoting recovery.