bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Explore of the Views on the Work Transformation of HR Professionals in Sri Lanka amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Arambawatta L.V. , Perera L.R.H.G. , Wickramasena D.N. , Kaluarachchi K.R.M. , Rathnayake R.M.N.M. , Weerarathna R.S.
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic is a both global health and an economic threat. Disease outbreaks and worldwide pandemics have posed the biggest threat to human survival. The worldwide lockdown of organisations and industries was enforced to limit the spread through discouraging staff from being present in total capacity. This, brought on by the virus, created several unique issues for both employees and employers. It has had unprecedented consequences for businesses globally, with a significant influence on Human Resource Management (HRM). With the COVID-19 situation, HRM has been pushed to navigate the unexpected and, as a result, discover new approaches to pandemic related challenges that have developed globally. Thus, businesses must consider the views of Human Resource (HR) professionals to adapt to unanticipated changes of the COVID-19. For this study, a qualitative research method was used as it aims to study the views of HR professionals in Sri Lanka on the work transformation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with 16 HR professionals in Sri Lanka. The thematic analysis was applied to the gathered qualitative data. Accordingly, three main themes were identified, such as work mode, facilities and adoption arrangements. As per the study findings, the HR professionals in Sri Lanka do not perceive this rapid work transition as a positive move since they were unprepared for such a drastic change in work settings. Thus, they agree to work on-premises in the post-COVID situation, and if the pandemic continues, they agree and would like to continue their work in a hybrid work culture. Further, when focusing on the facilities given by the workplace, they perceive an unfavourable view of the financial incentives and Work From Home (WFH) resources. In terms of adoption arrangements, they have a negative view of work-life balance and crisis management. The insights from the experience of HR professionals and the stages they have navigated can aid in the successful management of similar crises in the future. The present study contributes to understanding the COVID-19 pandemic's influence on organisations and HRM, paving the way for additional thorough research in this domain.

Keywords: COVID-19, Human Resource Management, Human Resource Practices, Human Resource Professionals
Effect of Reward System, Job Security and Training on Job Performance of Technical Assistants at the Irrigation Department in Ampara District, Sri Lanka
Authors: Thilaka Y.L.A.H.C.S. , Ramawickrama Jayarani
Published: April 2024

"The management of man": this statement is critical because it reflects the dynamism of the workforce. Job performance is a very important criterion on an employee’s career ladder.  Several factors can affect job performance such as organisational fairness, job control, job communication, job autonomy, job environment, reward system, training and development and job security. Among these factors, the reward system, job security, and training are selected as independent variables, and job performance is represented as a dependent variable in this article. The reasons for selecting these three independent variables are, reward system is one of the major causes for motivating their contribution to the firm, a secure working environment provides hidden stimulation to work and training can improve the skills, knowledge and abilities related to job performance. The purpose of this study is related with identifying relationship and impaction among employee job performance, as the independent variable, as well as reward system, job security and training, are independent variables, of technical assistance in Irrigation Department. The Irrigation Department plays a significant role in the Sri Lankan departments. Paying good attention to the hypothetic deductive approach, a survey strategy was selected to do this study. Considering the technical assistants who work in the Irrigation Department, researchers selected 100 technical assistants representing the Ampara district by using the cluster sampling method. Basically, the questionnaire method was utilised to collect primary data and secondary data were gathered from the Irrigation Departments’ annual report and analytical report as well as previous research, related articles, journals and web sites. Data analysed through SPSS statistical software packages, descriptive statistics, correlation and regression techniques are applied to test hypotheses. It can be concluded that 59% of the total effect has explained together with the reward system, job security and training on job performance. It is concluded that selected independent factors are highly influential on the job performance of technical assistants in the Irrigation Department in Sri Lanka.

Keywords: Employee Job Performance, Reward System, Job Security, Training, Irrigation Department
Resource Orchestration in Digital Servitisation: A Case Study of Integrated Energy Service
Authors: Huang Qiubo , Xia Qing
Published: April 2024

The widespread of digital technologies, such as the Internet of Things, in manufacturing industries has evoked a growing research stream on digital servitisation. Existing studies have formed a preliminary consensus on the conceptualisation of digital servitisation and discussed the business model, process transformation. Yet, the organisational micro foundation contributing to new strategy capabilities remain elusive. This paper aims at exploring the resource orchestration that manufacture undertaking in digital servitsation. Through a case study, the organisation restructuring process of an integrated energy service company is discussed. The research suggest that four categories of orchestration tactics enable digital servitisation path, which are physical resource orchestration tactic, human resource orchestration tactic, organisational structure tactic, ecological relationship orchestration tactic. It describes and exemplifies how manufacture transforms each of these aspects. Two types of strategy are recognised, conservative and aggressive strategy. In the end, a digital servitisation conceptual framework was proposed.

Keywords: Digital Servitisation, Resource Orchestration, Integrated Energy Service
Customer Acceptance towards Self-Service Technologies: Special Reference to Commercial Banking Sector in Sri Lanka
Authors: Galdolage Badra Sandamali , Rasanjalee R.M.K. Samudrika
Published: April 2024

Rapid technological breakthroughs have transformed traditional physical service interactions managed by service professionals into Self Service Technologies (SSTs) controlled by clients. To improve their services and give consumers a unique experience, many service providers increasingly use the current technology to allow consumers to interact with service production processes through technological interfaces. Local and worldwide banks are using self-service channels to correspond with this transformation. Sri Lankan banks were the first to deploy SSTs such as Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), and now offer Internet Banking, SMS Banking, different Kiosks such as CDMs, and Telephone Banking. Even if firms deploy SSTs, customers may not use them as intended. Despite their benefits, SSTs have been largely ignored, particularly by developing nations. However, few studies have sought to understand customers' acceptance of SSTs, particularly in developing countries. In light of this, this study's goal is to assess self-service technology's acceptance among the customers of Sri Lankan commercial banks. To achieve the study's goal, 50 individuals from the Western Province of Sri Lanka were interviewed utilising a non-probabilistic purposeful sampling method. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and thematically evaluated. Convenience, dynamic lifestyle, efficiency, ease of functioning, supportive technology, credibility, on-site banking difficulties, risk, emergent trends, experience, technology outlook, social influence, independence, technological playfulness and technology anxiety were found to be influential factors for banks to accept SSTs. Less research has been done on the factors influencing customer adoption of SSTs in banking. Also, practitioners will learn how to increase SST delivery in commercial banking by improving client acceptability. Customers' actual use of SSTs and their experiences in banking and other service industries can be explored in future research.

Keywords: Banking, Self-Service Technologies, Customer Acceptance, Adoption
Effect of Job-Related Factors and Organisational Factors on Turnover Intention of IT Professionals in the Western Province, Sri Lanka
Authors: Dunukara D.M.A.M , Pushpakumari M D
Published: April 2024

The turnover rate of IT professionals has remained high over the decades. As a country with rapid growth in the IT industry, Sri Lanka is also facing the same problem of high employee turnover. Numerous studies on the topic of turnover intention for IT employees have been carried out in various parts of the world. However, there is very little literature in the Sri Lankan context on that topic. Among diverse reasons for the turnover intention of IT professionals, this study is focusing on investigating the effect of job-related factors (perceived work load, role ambiguity, role conflict, and work exhaustion) and organisational factors (peer relations, supervisor relations, pay and benefits, advancement opportunities and job security) on turnover intention of IT professionals in the Western Province, Sri Lanka. The study was conducted as a quantitative study. Data were collected from 182 IT professionals in the Western Province, Sri Lanka through a survey method using a standard questionnaire. Bivariate correlation analysis is used as the data analysis technique. Results show that from job related factors, perceived workload, role conflict, and work exhaustion are positively correlated with the turnover intention of IT professionals in the Western Provence, Sri Lanka, and from organisational factors, supervisor relations, peer relations, pay and benefits, advancement opportunities and job security, all show a negative correlation with the turnover intention of IT professionals in the Western Provence, Sri Lanka. This study fills the empirical gap in IT turnover intention literature in the Sri Lankan context and provides insights to managers to better understand the turnover intention among IT professionals in Sri Lanka.

Keywords: IT Professional, IT Turnover, Job Related Factors, Organisational Factors, Turnover Intention
Qualitative Exploration of the Barriers Faced by Bancassurance Managers due to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Fernando P. Bhagya Dewmini
Published: April 2024

Bancassurance is an expanding, significant, yet highly understudied area. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic had a critical impact on many industries, including bancassurance, which is defined as a collaborative format to sell insurance products through partnering banks. In light of this context, this research study identifies and explores the barriers faced by bancassurance managers amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Following a qualitative approach, a case study strategy has been used to explore the barriers faced by bancassurance managers in the context of the life insurance company -Diriya. The findings were bracketed under two main themes, namely, a) increased pressure to achieve sales targets from both the insurance company and the partnering bank and b) the work-life imbalance caused by the additional workload during the COVID-19 pandemic. The first theme explored the pressure and consequences faced by the bancassurance managers through the insurance company and the partnering bank, while the second theme explored agent-manager engagement, shouldering additional workload and the unique burdens faced by the married, female bancassurance managers. As COVID-19 is an ongoing phenomenon, this study contributes in terms of advancing literature by making knowledge more explicit, in addition to policy formulation and application. Finally, the novelty of this study would be a foundation for further research conducted on barriers faced by bancassurance managers in managing agents amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.

Keywords: Bancassurance, COVID-19, Bancassurance Managers, Barriers
Examining BOP Customers’ Package-Size Choice Decision
Authors: Pratihari Suvendu Kumar , Jaiswal Anand Kumar
Published: April 2024

Despite the enormous market potential at the bottom of the pyramid (BOP), firms face challenges in formulating a winning marketing strategy, especially from the product package-size perspective. In this context, this study examines how and when aspects of the BOP customer's package size choice decision across different product and income categories. The study employed the interpretative phenomenological paradigm of qualitative research design. A total of 30 long face-to-face interviews were conducted. The questions were open-ended. Each interview was audio-recorded and then transcribed into text. A text (content) analysis method was used to analyse the data based on the subjective understanding of different phenomena under investigation. The study found that customers’ economic, consumption-related, psychological, and in-package framing-related factors affect the package-size decision. BOP consumers do not necessarily misplace their resource allocation priorities in the context of package sizes or get driven by companies' different marketing campaigns. Instead, they carefully evaluate the utility of varying package sizes based on their economic and behavioural aspects to substantiate their purchase behaviour. However, the judgments about package sizes vary based on product categories and income heterogeneity. Considering factors such as customer affordability, product necessity, and usage volume, firms can design the marketing mix and take appropriate package-size and in-package promotional framing decisions. A marketing strategy comprising customer-centric package-size decisions can enable firms to exploit the untapped potential of BOP markets. This can help BOP customers regulate their product consumption and spending habits to live better lives. The study contributes to the literature on BOP by establishing an integrated framework depicting how economic, consumption-related, and psychological factors affect decision-making from the package-size choice perspective. Besides, our framework explains how the in-package framing of the marketer's promotional offers influences package-size decisions based on perceived gain and loss.

Keywords: Package Size, Choice Decision, Bottom of the Pyramid, Emerging Market, India
Impact of Green Procurement on Purchasing Performance: With Special Reference to the Apparel Manufacturing Industry in Sri Lanka
Authors: Dasanayake D.M.S.M. , Amarasena T.S.M.
Published: April 2024

This study will explore the impact of green procurement on purchasing by special reference to the apparel manufacturing industry in Sri Lanka. In order to achieve the above objective, the researcher developed three research questions, three research objectives and three hypotheses. Based on institutional theory and natural resource-based view theory, this study constructs a theoretical framework to clarify the mechanisms underlying the relationship between variables. Utilising a sample of two hundred and fifty-two Sri Lankan professionals from the large-scaled apparel manufacturing sector, a structural model is outlined and tested using structural equation modelling (SEM). The study results demonstrate that green procurement has a positive and significant impact on purchasing performance. Further the survey result recommended that the relationship between product-based green procurement and process-based green procurement on purchasing performance were positive and statistically significant. Consequently, organisations strive for achieve better purchasing performance should focus more on executing green procurement practices. These two kinds of procurement capabilities present two facets of firm’s practice on green procurement, which complements rather than substitutes each other. Organisations who strive to achieve better purchasing performance should focus more on executing green procurement practices. To achieve better purchasing performance, firms need to establish more green procurement practices to adapt to internal or external influences where firms need to establish more sustainable procurement practices with supply chain partners on mind. The study provides organisations a set of valid and reliable measurements for evaluating, benchmarking, and comparing purchasing performance at the point from raw material supplier within the supply chain. The measurements developed in this study can capture the different aspects of purchasing performance, thus not only enabling use by practitioners to identify the immediate outcomes of it, but also to understand its impacts on organisational performance.

Keywords: Product-based Green Procurement, Process-based Green Procurement, Purchasing Performance
Impact of Extended Warehouse Management System Implementation on Warehouse Operational Performance: A Case Study of Fast Moving Consumer Goods Industry
Authors: Edirisinghe Harshani , Liyanage Harishani
Published: April 2024

Warehouses operating in the Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry are affected by the supply chain disruptions. Therefore, it is critical to develop faster and effective mechanisms of managing warehouse operational performance. In this regard, this paper aims to evaluate the impact of Extended Warehouse Management System (EWMS) implementation on warehouse operational performance. It intended to achieve two objectives: to examine the advanced features of EWMS and the impact of EWMS implementation on warehouse operational performance. The case study method gathered operational quantitative and qualitative data from multiple sources, ensuring data richness. Descriptive statistics and mean comparison tests through hypothesis testing were used as quantitative data analysis techniques, using the IBM SPSS Statistics 21 statistical analysis software package. The Framework Approach was used to analyse qualitative data. By mapping Process Flowcharts before and after the implementation, the improvements and drawbacks were identified with their root causes. Advanced features of EWMSs are presented by reviewing the literature. The study's findings reveal that implementation of EWMS increases the throughput, average receiving rate, average allocation and picking rate, average loading rate, average last truck dispatch time, and average on-time delivery. The scope of the research is limited to evaluating the EWMS implementation impact on warehouse operational performance in a selected FMCG warehouse. Future researchers can focus on the effects of EWMS on supply chain capability enhancements and the strategic performance of supply chain partners. The in-depth analysis of performance improvements in the extent of the throughput, average receiving rate, average allocation and picking rate, average loading rate, average last truck dispatch time, and average on-time delivery signals warehouse managers in decision making on effective utilisation EWMS implementation. This paper is among the very few evaluating Extended WMS, specifically, empirical investigation of the impact of EWMS system implementation on FMCG warehouse operational performance.

Keywords: Extended Warehouse Management Systems, Advance Features, FMCG Warehouses, Warehouse Operational Performance
Environmental Sustainability in Family Business
Authors: Kariyapperuma Nishanthi , Collins Eva , Bowden Stephen
Published: April 2024

Ethics, values and culture (EVC) have been highlighted as critical to understanding business engagement with environmental sustainability (ES) as part of the growing focus on promoting a purposeful approach to managing environmental issues. Research that reviews and integrates the extant literature in the intersection of family business (FB), business ethics and ES has not been conducted. In addition, the question of why and how heterogeneities exist in ES engagement among family firms has not been adequately addressed. This paper posits a causal link between FB' unique organisational structure and the distinct ethics, values, and culture it creates, resulting in heterogeneous engagement with ES by FB. This study is based on a systematic literature review of 89 journal articles at the intersection of FB, business ethics and ES. We found evidence to show how family involvement in the FB generated a distinctive set of EVC in family firms leading to variations in firms’ ES engagement.

Keywords: Family Involvement, ‘Familiness’, Familial Logics, Environmental Ethics, Values, Culture, Heterogeneity, Family Firms, Environmental Sustainability
Effect of CSR on Brand Loyalty: Mediating Role of Corporate Branding Dimensions
Authors: Pratihari Suvendu Kr. , Uzma Shigufta Hena
Published: April 2024

The study addresses the significance of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as the obligatory attribute of companies in the corporate branding process to enhance brand loyalty. In this context, the study examines the intervening role of different corporate branding dimensions to test CSR's direct and indirect effect on brand loyalty from the customer perspective. The study is empirical, and cross-sectional data is used to examine the relationships in the banking context. The findings reveal that brand loyalty can be enhanced when CSR becomes integral to corporate branding strategy. However, the variations in the magnitudes of the direct and indirect effect between CSR and brand loyalty differ with different dimensions of corporate branding such as corporate association, corporate value, corporate personality, corporate activity, and customer perceived value. Theoretically, the study contributes six different models that describe how the company’s social performance, and its organisational effectiveness are two important gestures to strengthen the corporate image. Based on the value foundation of corporate branding, practitioners are suggested to develop their corporate identities by integrating their CSR philosophy with their corporate branding agenda to make their customers loyal. Notably, the study summarises that CSR helps the customers to be identified with the company, because the company can elicit favourable reactions by depicting its socially responsible behaviour. Such behaviour due to CSR has gained significance as an obligatory attribute of the company to associate with its stakeholders at the corporate level; thus, it is considered an integral part of corporate branding dimensions. Practically, bankers are suggested to bring innovative ways of strengthening corporate ability and CSR-related associations with the customers from the banking context. Managers should undertake CSR as the guiding principle to design and deliver different values to the customers at both product and corporate levels.

Keywords: Corporate Branding, CSR, Identity, Image, Brand Loyalty, Banking
The Quranic-based Healing through Sound and its Psychological Effect: A Review of Literature
Authors: Hechehouche Oualid , Dzulkifli Mariam Adawiah , Alias Intan Aidura
Published: April 2024

The effects of sound in human psychology and physiology are complex. The psychology of sound, also called auditory psychology, has its own features of pitch, intensity and timbre. The study of the effect of healing through the sound of recitation the Qur’an is an important issue that has not been given sufficient attention to research. Also, Muslim believes that the Qur'an is not like other books whose sources may be obscure. Furthermore, in several verses, the Qur'an has been said as a "cure", and also it is known as a heart healer (And We send down of the Quran that which is healing and mercy for the believers, but it does not increase the wrongdoers except in loss, (Al-Israa 82). Many studies have been conducted on the effect of healing through the Qur'an in many areas. Based on the studies, the sound of recitation the Qur’an can improve the psychological and the physiological parameters including reducing heart rate, anxiety and stress, increasing mental health and memory performance for children and adults. Therefore, listening and reading the Qur’an can be recommended as supportive care improvement especially the psychological performance of people. This article reviews studies that have been conducted on Quranic recitation and the psychological effects associated with it.
On the Issue of Determining the Efficiency of Expander-Generator Units
Authors: Klimenko A. V. , Agababov V. S. , Petin S. N.
Published: April 2024

Methodological issues of determining the thermodynamic efficiency of expander-generator units as separate technological objects, as well as when they are used at enterprises of various types, are considered. It is shown that when determining the thermodynamic efficiency of the use of DGA at thermal power plants (TPP), a systematic approach is required, taking into account the effect of DGA on the efficiency of the main equipment of TPP. Dependences are given that make it possible to determine the effect of DGA on the thermodynamic efficiency of power plants of various types (CPP and CHPP) under various operating conditions.
Qualification Analysis of Experimental Data for High-Temperature Oxidation of Russian Zirconium Alloys in Steam
Authors: Akhmedov I. S. , Yudina T. A. , Tomashchik D. Yu. , Dolganov K. S. , Filippov M. F.
Published: April 2024

The paper presents the results of qualification analysis of experimental data on high-temperature oxidation of the Russian zirconium alloys in steam, which include an assessment of the consistency of measurement results in tests, and numerical modeling of experiments with SOCRAT-V1/V2 code. Conclusions are provided on the possibility of using the SSC RIAR experimental programs for validation of severe accident codes, and the applicability of the SOCRAT-V1/V2 code for prediction of the high-temperature oxidation of the Russian zirconium claddings of fuel rods.
A Review of Mathematical Models of Energy Storage Systems for Electric Power Systems Simulation. Part II
Authors: Razzhivin I. A. , Suvorov A. A. , Andreev M. V. , Ufa R. A. , Askarov A. B.
Published: April 2024

Currently the energy storage system (ESS) has become the development focus in the electric power systems (EPS) with the renewable energy power generation. At the same time, high penetration levels of ESS leads to a change the dynamic properties of the EPS. Accordingly, the analysis of the specifics of ESS operation becomes necessary for effective solution the problems of designing and operating EPS with ESS. Since mathematical simulation level is the main way to obtain the indicated information, the task of the adequacy of approaches and methods for modeling a processes in the ESS as part of the EPS becomes relevant. In the first part of the article, detailed mathematical models of the main elements of the ESS were considered. An analysis of mathematical models of ESS with different detailization level, depending on the type of energy storage device and a number of other factors, are presented within the framework of the second part of the article. The article also provides an overview of the approaches used to simplify the ESS models and their mathematical description. The areas of application of these models are considered. In addition, an analysis of the limitations and disadvantages associated with the simplification of models are presented. The article is an overview and can help in choosing an appropriate mathematical model of the ESS for solving a required designing and operating tasks.
Implementation of Renewable Energy and Nuclear-Hydrogen Plants in Local Power Systems (on the Example of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia))
Authors: Volkov E. P. , Stennikov V. A. , Podkovalnikov S. V. , Chudinova L. Yu. , Trofimov I. L. , Trofimov L. N.
Published: April 2024

The ORIRES model of expansion and operation of electric power systems is modified to factor in electrolysis hydrogen plants as electricity consumers with variable demand, which improve operating conditions of the electric power systems and produce hydrogen. The modified model is used in optimization calculations of the implementation of nuclear-hydrogen plants and renewable energy sources in the local power systems of Yakutia (Western, Central, and Southern) in the context of their expansion up to 2035. The calculations showed the technical and economic feasibility of these plants in local power systems of Yakutia, and the performance capabilities of these systems themselves. The scope of implementation of renewable and nuclear-hydrogen plants into the power systems of Yakutia was identified, their daily and seasonal load was calculated, and the conditions for such an implementation and the necessary levels of incentives to ensure it were determined.
Comprehensive Scientific and Methodological Support for Modeling and Optimization of Heat Energy Markets
Authors: Stennikov V. A. , Khamisov O. V. , Penkovskii A. V.
Published: April 2024

Heat supply is the most important area of energy services provided to a wide range of consumers. This industry determines the well-being of society, social stability and competitiveness of the economies of many countries of the world. The processes of energy liberalization that began in the early 1990s led to the emergence of new forms of heat supply management based on market interaction among producers and consumers of heat energy. In market conditions, the problem of optimizing heat supply systems becomes much more complicated, and its structuring becomes multivariate depending on the characteristics of the industry organization. To solve the problems of optimal functioning and development of heat supply systems in changing conditions, along with existing optimization methods, it becomes necessary to use new approaches focused on solving problems in some specific uncertain situations characterized by conflicting interests of the parties, and often defined as conflict. The paper presents a comprehensive scientific and methodological approach based on mathematical modeling for solving problems of managing the development and operation of heat supply systems in a market economy.
Optimum Complexing of Measurements when Maintaining a Maneuvering Object in Statistically Uncertain Situations
Authors: Detkov A. N.
Published: April 2024

The problem of synthesizing optimal and quasi-optimal algorithms for complex information processing is solved using the methods of Markov theory for estimating random processes when maintaining a maneuvering object and two-channel vector observation with violations in statistically uncertain situations. The problem is solved in relation to a discrete-continuous Markov process for the case when its continuous part is a vector Markov sequence, and the discrete part is characterized by a three-component discrete Markov process, each component of which is described by a Markov chain to several positions. A block diagram of quasi-optimal complex information processing is given. Using a simple example, simulation modeling shows the performance of a quasi-optimal algorithm in statistically uncertain situations.
Impulse Transfer Matrix of a Time-Varying System of Differential-Algebraic Equations
Authors: Shcheglova A. A.
Published: April 2024

A range of issues related to the impulse transfer matrix of a system of linear differential-algebraic equations is considered. For systems with infinitely differentiable coefficients, it is shown that this matrix can be represented as the sum of the impulse transfer matrices of its differential and algebraic subsystems. A form of a nondegenerate change of variables is found, which does not affect the form of the impulse transfer matrix. It is proposed to search for realizations of this matrix in the class of differential-algebraic equations of index 1 with separated differential and algebraic components. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the realizability of an impulse transfer matrix in the class of algebraic systems are obtained. The problem of construction methods and the dimension of minimal realizations of such a matrix is discussed under various assumptions.
Optimal Control of the Initial Condition in the Problem of Gas Lifting
Authors: Mutallimov M. M. , Tsurkov V. I. , Aliev F. A. , Magerramov I. A.
Published: April 2024

A partially periodic control problem is considered, where the control parameter enters the initial condition. We study the formalization related to the calculus of variations. The necessary conditions are written out in the form of Euler–Lagrange equations, with the help of which an algorithm for finding the optimal program trajectories is developed. The results are illustrated by an example when the motion is described by a time-averaged hyperbolic equation at a sufficiently large well depth during a gas lift.
Retrieving Structural Information on Anthropogenic Objects from Single Aerospace Images
Authors: Antipova N. V. , Gvozdev O. G. , Kozub V. A. , Murynin A. B. , Richter A. A.
Published: April 2024

A method for the three-dimensional reconstruction of buildings from a single aerospace image, which consists of two stages—the extraction of semantic information and the restoration of the geometry—is described. The topology of artificial neural networks by the semantic segmentation of building components and reference objects is considered. In the second stage, some mathematical transformations are presented: by calculating the photometric parameters of an image based on metadata or reference objects, by converting spatial coordinates into axial and flat image coordinates, etc. Two examples are shown for calculating photometric parameters and a three-dimensional building model from a single satellite image and an aerial photograph.
Optimal Control of the Reorientation of a Spacecraft in the Given Time with a Quadratic Performance Criterion Related to the Control and Phase Variables
Authors: Levskii M. V.
Published: April 2024

The problem of the dynamic optimal turn of a spacecraft (SC) from an arbitrary initial to the required final angular position is considered and solved. The time required for the turn is fixed. To optimize the rotation control program, a combined quality criterion is used, the minimized functional characterizes the energy costs and combines the costs of control forces and the rotation energy integral in the given proportion. The problem is solved analytically. The construction of the optimal turn control is based on quaternion models and the maximum principle of L.S. Pontryagin. The optimality conditions are written in analytical form, and the properties of the optimal motion are studied. Formalized equations and calculation expressions are given to determine the optimal turning program. The control law is formulated as an explicit dependence of the control variables on the phase coordinates. Analytical equations and relations are written out for finding the optimal motion of the SC. The key relationships are given that determine the optimal values of the parameters of the rotation control algorithm. A constructive scheme for solving the boundary value problem of the maximum principle for arbitrary turning conditions is also described. For an axisymmetric SC, a complete solution of the reorientation problem in a closed form is given. An example and results of the mathematical modeling of the SC’s motion dynamics under the optimal control are given, demonstrating the practical feasibility of the developed method for controlling the spatial orientation of an SC.
First and Second Order Signatures of Extreme Uniform Hypergraphs and Their Relationship with Vectors of the Vertex Degrees
Authors: Goltsova T. Yu. , Egorova E. K. , Leonov V. Yu. , Mokryakov A. V.
Published: April 2024

The adjacency matrices of extremal 3-uniform hypergraphs occupy a significant amount of computer memory. The solution of two problems is considered: to propose an efficient way of representing and storing such matrices and to find fast algorithms that allow us to operate just with vectors of the vertex degrees and signatures (characteristics of adjacency matrices), without using adjacency matrices in memory. As part of the first task, a second-order signature that uniquely defines an extremal 3-uniform hypergraph without using its adjacency matrix is described. A mechanism for compressing the second-order signature is also proposed, which contributes to greater storage efficiency. For the second problem, a number of algorithms are presented to describe the relationship between the vector of the vertex degrees and signatures of both the first and second orders. In addition, it is shown that an arbitrary second-order signature constructed under a number of constraints always has an extremal 3-uniform hypergraph corresponding to it.
Guiding an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle with a Thermal Imaging Correlation-Contrast Algorithm of Automatic Tracking in Conditions of Information Counteraction
Authors: Boldinov V. A. , Bukhalev V. A. , Skrynnikov A. A. , Shapiro B. L.
Published: April 2024

The problem of constructing an algorithm for automatic tracking of a ground object for a guidance system (GS) for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is considered. The guidance system includes a thermal imaging target coordinator with a combined correlation-contrast direction finding algorithm and a strapdown inertial navigation system. Guidance takes place under conditions of information counteraction, which causes random interruptions in information and random changes in the power of interference, which are recorded by the corresponding indicators. A combined noise-resistant automatic tracking algorithm is obtained, using the readings of information interruption indicators, interference power, and measuring bearing angles, based on the theory of systems with a random jump structure. An example is given that illustrates the operation of the algorithm and demonstrates the satisfactory accuracy of automatic tracking.
Synthesis of a Discontinuous Control Law for a Step-Down Voltage Converter
Authors: Kochetkov S. A. , Tkacheva O. S. , Utkin A. V.
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a nonlinear discontinuous control law that allows stabilizing the output voltage of a step-down voltage converter in conditions when the input voltage and load current are unknown. The main idea is based on the use of the so-called vortex algorithms, which ensure invariance with respect to external unmatched disturbances. The efficiency of the developed algorithms is shown by numerical simulation.
Simulation of Present Day Climate with Climate Model INMCM60
Authors: Volodin E. M.
Published: April 2024

Simulation of present day climate with a new version of climate model developed in INM RAS is considered. The model differs from a previous version by the change in cloudiness and condensation scheme, that leads to higher sensitivity to CO2 increase. The changes are included also in calculation of aerosol evolution, land snow, atmospheric boundary layer parameterizations and other blocks. The model is capable to reproduce near surface air temperature, precipitation, sea level pressure, cloud radiation forcing and other parameters better than previous version. The largest improvement can be seen in simulation of temperature in tropical troposphere, polar tropopause, and surface temperature in the Southern ocean. Simulation of climate changes in 1850–2021 by two model versions is considered.
Shear Flow Instability over a Finite Time Interval
Authors: Kalashnik M. V.
Published: April 2024

Within the framework of a discrete quasi-geostrophic model with two vertical levels, the problem of linear stability of the flow of a stratified rotating fluid with constant vertical and horizontal velocity shifts is solved. It is shown that taking into account the horizontal shear leads to a qualitative change in the dynamics of unstable wave disturbances. The main feature is related to the effect of temporary exponential growth of unstable perturbations, i.e. growth over a finite time period. This effect manifests itself in the alternation of stages of smooth oscillating behavior (in time) with stages of exponential (explosive) growth of finite duration. A kinematic interpretation of the effect of temporal exponential growth is given, which is associated with the passage of a time-dependent perturbation wave vector through the region of exponential instability that exists in the absence of a horizontal shear. It is shown that mathematically this effect is described by solutions of a second-order differential equation containing turning points. Asymptotic solutions of the equation are given for weak horizontal shifts.
Potential Climate Impacts of Reforestation and Waterlogging in Belarus
Authors: Lysenko S. А. , Zaiko P. A.
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the expected climate changes in Belarus as a result of two types of land transformation – rewetting degraded peatlands and increasing forest cover. The analysis was performed for the growing season (May–September) based on long-term Earth remote sensing data, mesoscale modeling of atmospheric processes, and balance calculations using ERA5 reanalysis. It is shown that as a result of waterlogging, the daytime temperature of the underlying surface for the southern part of Belarus (below the latitude of Minsk) decreases within 1.5°С due to increased consumption, and for the northern part – within 0.5°С due to albedo regularity. At night, waterlogging, depending on the soil and climatic conditions, can cause both an increase and a specific value of the underlying surface temperature within 1°C. Evapotranspiration due to waterlogging in the northern regions of Belarus, and in the southern regions – emissions, which is associated with a significant ratio between consumption and transpiration in these regions. During the reforestation of cropland, the daytime land surface temperature of Belarus territory decreases within 2°C, and at night – within 0.4°C. The total evapotranspiration for the growing season due to the increase in forest cover reaches 100 mm, and approaching (maximum possible) consumption remains at the same level, which overestimates soil absorption at an increased amount of atmospheric pressure. The above changes in the physical characteristics of the underlying surface as a result of reclamation determine the standard surface air temperature in the reclamated disease within 0.4°C and an increase in the sums of atmospheric conditions within 2% of the climatic norm. At the same time, secondary reactions are predominantly distributed in morbidity due to western transfer with an emphasis on the eastern border distribution to the reclaimed region.
Variations in Surface Concentrations and Total Column of CO2 and CH4 in the Central Part of the European Territory of Russia
Authors: Visheratin K. N. , Baranova E. L. , Bugrim G. I. , Ivanov V. N. , Krasnopeeva E. I. , Sakhibgareev D. G. , Ustinov V. P. , Shilkin A. V.
Published: April 2024

The results of measurements of surface concentrations and the total column of atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane at Obninsk station by the method of IR spectroscopy are presented. The description of the MR-32/MGС equipment for monitoring the gaseous composition of the atmosphere is given. Interannual and seasonal variations and trends in surface concentrations of CO2 and CH4 for 1998-2021 and total column for 2015–2021are analyzed. According to the results of cross-correlation wavelet analysis, the phase of annual variations in the column-averaged CH4 concentrations is ahead of the phase of surface variations by 2–3 months, and the variations in column-averaged CO2 concentrations lag behind the phase of annual variations in surface values by 1–2 months. The minimum surface concentrations of methane in May-A-ugust coincide with the column-averaged concentrations, and for carbon dioxide in the same period they are lower by 20–30 ppm. In the winter months, the minimum surface concentrations of methane and carbon dioxide are higher than column-averaged values by 70–150 ppb and by 6–15 ppm consequently. The measurement results are compared with GOSAT and data from European ground stations.
Structural Description of Geophysical Random Fields with Non-Gaussian Statistics
Authors: Yakushkin I. G.
Published: April 2024

The article considers an approach to the description of random fields as a set of intense structures with random parameters. Such structures are observed both in optical fields propagating in inhomogeneous media and in fields of hydrodynamic origin and are formed because of focusing of radiation or deformation of flows. The article discusses the filtration methods and the evolution of such structures. Different modes of structures, modes of periodic and stochastic oscillations, are described.
Waterspouts in Russia and Over the World: Climatology and Conditions of Formation
Authors: Kalmykova O. V.
Published: April 2024

The overview of studies of waterspouts over the world is presented. The most well-known schematic models of the waterspouts formation are given. The main factors of waterspouts genesis above the water surface are identified. Open access data about waterspouts formed on the Earth from 2000 to 2022 are collected and analyzed. Three main areas of waterspouts formation are highlighted as the following: Mediterranean Sea, Gulf of Mexico and adjacent Atlantic, Great Lakes. The frequency of occurrence of waterspouts in countries with the largest number of cases of their annual registration (USA, Italy, Greece, Russia, Turkey) has been estimated. Well known data about waterspouts characteristics derived from direct and remote measurements are summarized. A conceptual scheme of their structure is described. Waterspouts in Russia are analyzed. Statistics about cases of their registration off the Russian Black Sea coast are given. Map with places of Black Sea waterspouts landfalls is created.
Internal Waves in the Region of the Akselsundet Strait of Western Spitsbergen Island
Authors: Morozov E. G. , Pisarev S. V.
Published: April 2024

Moored measurements of temperature, salinity, and currents at three moorings that operated for a year in the area of strong tidal currents in the area of the Akselsundet Strait at the mouth of the Van Mayen fiord on Western Svalbard Island are analyzed. Tidal currents flowing around an underwater sill in the strait generate intense tidal internal waves. Forced internal waves exist above the underwater slope. Vertical displacements of water particles reach 20 m. Waves rapidly decay as they propagate away from the strait and slope. They are no longer recorded as far as 12 km from the strait. Tidal currents in the strait reach a speed of 3 m/s and form an intense jet when flowing out of the strait. A strong jet of currents during spring tides presses the instruments on moorings to the bottom.
Criterion of Applicability of the Theory of Long Waves for Description of Dispersive Tsunami Waves
Authors: Nosov M. A. , Zarubina A. I.
Published: April 2024

Conditions for the applicability of the dispersionless theory of long waves for reproducing dispersive tsunami waves are analyzed. As a quantitative criterion, the dispersive destruction distance is proposed for use, which is a value that is uniquely determined by the wavelength that dominates in the spectrum of the initial elevation of the water surface in the tsunami source, and the correction factor \(\alpha .\) The physical meaning of the \(\alpha \) value is the fraction of the wavelength by which the dispersive wave packet lags behind the long wave front when propagating over a distance equal to the dispersive destruction distance. Using the model residual displacement of the bottom surface, the geometrical parameters of which vary randomly, under the assumption of instantaneous generation of waves and taking into account the smoothing effect of the water layer, the Monte Carlo method establishes a relationship between the accuracy of wave reproduction by the dispersionless model and the quantity \(\alpha .\) Using the “\(\alpha \) coefficient scale”, the ranking of the criteria that were previously proposed by other authors was performed.