bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Microwave Heat Treatment for Resistant Starch Levels and Prebiotic Properties of High Carbohydrate Foods: Meta-Analysis Study
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia, Isra Muhammad , Andrianto Dimas ,   Department of Biochemistry, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia, Setiarto R. Haryo Bimo ,   Research Center for Biology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong Science Center, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia
Published: April 2022

Abstract Microwave heat treatment is one of the most widely used starch physical modification techniques in analyzing the increase in resistant starch levels in foodstuffs. However, this technique has varying effects on each type of high-carbohydrate food. This study aims to analyze the type of carbohydrate food that significantly increases the levels of resistant starch and prebiotic properties by the microwave heat treatment technique. This study used 31 articles that were analyzed and selected through the PRISMA guide method from 11.232 selected libraries. Secondary data will be analyzed based on the percentage of Effect Size Hedges'd (standardized mean difference/SMD) and confidence interval (CI) values using OpenMEE software. The meta-analysis results showed that the microwave heat treatment method on high-carbohydrate foods had a significant effect on increasing levels of resistant starch and prebiotic properties (SMD 2.755; 95% CI: 2.106 to 3.403; P <0.001). Based on the meta-analysis results, it can be concluded that the microwave heat treatment technology has a significant effect with a 95% confidence level in increasing levels of resistant starch and prebiotic properties in high-carbohydrate foods. Keywords: High carbohydrate foods, Meta-analysis, Microwave heat treatment, Prebiotic properties, Resistant starch
A Novel Protocol for Data Transmission Between Device-ToDevice Communications In Ieee 802.11 Standards
Authors: Ahmad Mir Itfaq , Ahmad Wani Anwaar
Published: April 2022

Designed for multiple device-to-device clusters (D2DC) multicast communications is proposed in this research which is an efficient resource allocation scheme. To maximize the sum effective throughput the transmit power and the channel are apportioned to D2DC. Given that the nature of administration is rationed for cellular communications at a specific degree. Our examination details a channel assignment conspire utilizing fractional data of gadget areas. For this situation, we acquire the disturbance likelihood and viable throughput of D2DC communications incomparative outline. This process is carried by increasing the cluster size, code words and subcarriers. we proposed the algorithm here is a sensible channel allocation (CA) conspire utilizing partial information of device locations (CA-PIL). Consequently planned methodology can naturally lessen the measure of required framework overhead contrasted and the Channel Allocation (CA) conspire utilizing full information of device locations (CA-FIL).The forthcoming CA-PIL strategy accomplishes the close ideal aggregate Effective Throughput got by CA-FIL when an enormous number of D2D devices work in the clusters.
The associations of implant and patient factors with migration of the tibial component differ by sex
Authors: Laende Elise K. , Mills Flemming Joanna , Astephen Wilson Janie L. , Cantoni Eva , Dunbar Michael J.
Published: April 2022

Aims

Thresholds of acceptable early migration of the components in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have traditionally ignored the effects of patient and implant factors that may influence migration. The aim of this study was to determine which of these factors are associated with overall longitudinal migration of well-fixed tibial components following TKA.

Methods

Radiostereometric analysis (RSA) data over a two-year period were available for 419 successful primary TKAs (267 cemented and 152 uncemented in 257 female and 162 male patients). Longitudinal analysis of data using marginal models was performed to examine the associations of patient factors (age, sex, BMI, smoking status) and implant factors (cemented or uncemented, the size of the implant) with maximum total point motion (MTPM) migration. Analyses were also performed on subgroups based on sex and fixation.

Results

In the overall group, only fixation was significantly associated with migration (p < 0.001). For uncemented tibial components in males, smoking was significantly associated with lower migration (p = 0.030) and BMI approached significance (p = 0.061). For females with uncemented components, smoking (p = 0.081) and age (p = 0.063) approached significance and were both associated with increased migration. The small number of self-reported smokers in this study warrants cautious interpretation and further investigation. For cemented components in females, larger sizes of tibial component were significantly associated with increased migration (p = 0.004). No factors were significant for cemented components in males.

Conclusion

The migration of uncemented tibial components was more sensitive to patient factors than cemented implants. These differences were not consistent by sex, suggesting that it may be of value to evaluate female and male patients separately following TKA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(4):444–451.
Development of a mobile phone camera-based transcutaneous bilirubinometer for low-resource settings
Authors: Harrison-Smith Brandon , Dumont Alexander P. , Arefin Mohammed Shahriar , Sun Yu , Lawal Nuradeen , Dobson Dorianna , Nwaba Amy , Grossarth Sarah , Paed Abdulsalam Muhammed , Farouk Zubaida L. , Weitkamp Jorn-Hendrik , Patil Chetan A.
Published: April 2022

Newborns in high-income countries are routinely screened for neonatal jaundice using transcutaneous bilirubinometery (TcB). In low-and middle-income countries, TcB is not widely used due to a lack of availability; however, mobile-phone approaches for TcB could help expand screening opportunities. We developed a mobile phone-based approach for TcB and validated the method with a 37 patient multi-ethnic pilot study. We include a custom-designed snap-on adapter that is used to create a spatially resolved diffuse reflectance detection configuration with the illumination provided by the mobile-phone LED flash. Monte-Carlo models of reflectance from neonatal skin were used to guide the design of an adapter for filtered red-green-blue (RGB) mobile-phone camera reflectance measurements. We extracted measures of reflectance from multiple optimized spatial-offset regions-of-interest (ROIs) and a linear model was developed and cross-validated. This resulted in a correlation between total serum bilirubin and mobile-phone TcB estimated bilirubin with a R2= 0.42 and Bland-Altman limits of agreement of +6.4 mg/dL to -7.0 mg/dL. These results indicate that a mobile phone with a modified adapter can be utilized to measure neonatal bilirubin values, thus creating a novel tool for neonatal jaundice screening in low-resource settings.
Optimized U-Net model for 3D light-sheet image segmentation of zebrafish trunk vessels
Authors: Yin Jingyi , Yang Guang , Qin Xiaofei , Li Hui , Wang Linbo
Published: April 2022

The growth of zebrafish's vessels can be used as an indicator of the vascular development process and to study the biological mechanisms. The three-dimensional (3D) structures of zebrafish's trunk vessels could be imaged by state-of-art light-sheet fluorescent microscopy with high efficiency. A large amount of data was then produced. Accurate segmentation of these 3D images becomes a new bottleneck for automatic and quantitative analysis. Here, we propose a Multi-scale 3D U-Net model to perform the segmentation of trunk vessels. The segmentation accuracies of 82.3% and 83.0%, as evaluated by the IoU (Intersection over Union) parameter, were achieved for intersegmental vessels and the dorsal longitudinal anastomotic vessels respectively. The growth of zebrafish vasculature from 42-62 hours was then analyzed quantitatively.
Nanostructured materials for circular dichroism and chirality at the nanoscale: towards unconventional characterization [Invited]
Authors: Petronijevic Emilija , Belardini Alessandro , Leahu Grigore , Li Voti Roberto , Sibilia Concita
Published: April 2022

In this work, we review the last attempts to use nanostructured materials for the enhancement of the chiro-optical effects at the nanoscale. Starting from the numerical design, we review different geometries that exhibit circular dichroic behavior in the far field; we then focus on the new branch of near-field chirality, where numerous nanostructures have been proposed for background-free chiral sensing. The next section reports on nanofabrication methods, with a special focus on self-assembling, cost- and time-efficient techniques. Finally, we review the chiro-optical experiments. Besides conventional extinction-based techniques, we are today able to reveal chiro-optical effects via photothermal behavior and photoluminescence, going down to single nanostructure chirality with sophisticated near-field techniques. We believe that the novel designs, state-of-the-art nanofabrication and modern characterization techniques have come to a stage to provide chiro-optical sensors and light components based on nanostructures.
Workplace violence and turnover intention among the Bangladeshi female nurses after a year of pandemic: An exploratory cross-sectional study
Authors: Kabir Humayun , Chowdhury Saifur Rahman , Tonmon Tajrin Tahrin , Roy Anjan Kumar , Akter Shimpi , Bhuya Mohammad Toyabur Rahaman , Hossain Lukman , Chowdhury Samiul Amin , Sanjoy Shubrandu
Published: April 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, workplace violence was widespread against healthcare personnel. Workplace violence (WPV) against nurses exhilarates their turnover intention (TI). The objective of this study was to investigate the association between workplace violence and turnover intention and also identify other factors associated with TI among Bangladeshi female nurses. An exploratory cross-sectional study was carried out among 881 female nurses between April 26 and July 10, 2021. The TI of the female nurses was the outcome variable of this study. The primary exposure variable was WPV faced by the nurses. Workplace Violence Scale (WPVS) was used to measure the WPV, and Turnover Intention Scale-6 (TIS-6) was used to measure the TI of the nurses. Multiple linear regression model was fitted to find the adjusted association of TI with WPV and other study variables. A stratified analysis by type of job (government vs. private) was also performed. The majority of the nurses (74.46%) faced low to high levels of WPV. The overall mean score of TIS was found 16.33 (± 4.72). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that compared to government jobholders, the mean score of TIS (15.81 vs. 17.20) was found significantly higher among the private jobholders (p < 0.001). Nurses exposed to the intermediate and high level of WPV had a significantly higher TI score (β = 4.35, 95% CI: 3.36, 5.34) than the non-exposures. The TI of private jobholders was found significantly higher (β = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.09, 3.00) than the government jobholders. Compared to diploma degree holders, significantly higher TI was observed among the B.Sc. degree holders (β = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.22, 1.55) and M.Sc. degree holders (β = 1.46, 95% CI: 0.58, 2.34). Besides, the nurses who did not get timely salaries scored higher TI (β = 1.17, 95% CI: 0.12, 2.22). Moreover, the nurses who did not receive any training against WPV scored significantly higher TI (β = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.74). The stratified analysis by type of job also revealed significant factors of TI in government and private settings. This study found a high prevalence of WPV and a high rate of TI among Bangladeshi female nurses. Moreover, this study explored an association between WPV and TI. The study findings could help policymakers facilitate a comfortable working environment by preventing WPV and addressing the factors to reduce nurses’ frequent TI.
Statistical analysis of software development models by six-pointed star framework
Authors: Alam Intakhab , Sarwar Nadeem , Noreen Iram
Published: April 2022

Software Development Process Model (SDPM) develops software according to the needs of the client within the defined budget and time. There are many software development models such as waterfall, Iterative, Rapid Application Development (RAD), Spiral, Agile, Z, and AZ model. Each development model follows a series of steps to develop a product. Each model has its strengths and weaknesses. In this study, we have investigated different software development process models using the six-pointed star framework. Six-point star is a framework of project management industry standards maintained by Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK). A survey is designed to evaluate the performance of well-known software process models in the context of factors defined by the six-point star framework. The survey is conducted with experienced users of the software industry. The statistical analysis and comparison of results obtained by the survey are further used to examine the effectiveness of each model for the development of high-quality software concerning lightweight and heavyweight methodologies for small, medium and large scale projects. After exploring the results of all factors of the six-pointed star model, we conclude that lightweight methodology easily handles small-scale projects. The heavyweight methodology is suitable for medium and large-scale projects, whereas the AZ model, which is one of the latest models, works efficiently with both small-scale and large-scale categories of projects.
Analysis of hazard perception characteristics based on driving behavior considering overt and covert hazard scenarios
Authors: Wei Tianzheng , Zhu Tong , Li Chenxin , Liu Haoxue
Published: April 2022

The drivers’ hazard perception plays an important role in preventing and reducing the occurrence of traffic accidents. In order to explore the drivers’ hazard perception and their behavioral characteristics in overt and covert hazards, hazardous events of three traffic conflict types (vehicle to vehicle, vehicle to cyclist and vehicle to pedestrian) were designed for overt and covert hazards based on the UC-win/Road driving simulation software, respectively. 35 drivers were organized to conduct the driving simulation tests. The data of driving behavior was collected when they were driving. A comparative analysis of drivers’ hazard perception ability and driving behavior characteristics was carried out for hazardous scenarios and traffic conflict types. The result has shown that drivers are more likely to take slowing measures or brake earlier in overt hazard scenarios to ensure safe driving. And drivers are more likely to be involved in collisions in covert hazard scenarios. The types of traffic conflict have a significant effect on the hazard perception ability of drivers (F = 5.92, p < 0.01). Drivers have the strongest hazard perception for cyclists and the weakest hazard perception for pedestrians. Traffic conflict types has a significant effect on drivers’ average braking depth (F = 32.31, p < 0.01), average speed (F = 13.78, p < 0.01), and average acceleration (F = 9.26, p < 0.01).
Non-invasive prenatal paternity testing by analysis of Y-chromosome mini-STR haplotype using next-generation sequencing
Authors: Song Wenqian , Xiao Nan , Zhou Shihang , Yu Weijian , Wang Ni , Shao Linnan , Duan Ying , Chen Mei , Pan Lingzi , Xia Yuexin , Zhang Li , Liu Ming
Published: April 2022

Objectives

To assess the efficacy of Y-chromosome mini-STR-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) for non-invasive prenatal paternity testing (NIPPT).

Methods

DNA was extracted from the plasma of 24 pregnant women, and cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) haplotyping was performed at 12 Y-chromosome mini-STR loci using the Illumina NextSeq 500 system. The cffDNA haplotype was validated by the paternal haplotype. Subsequentlly, the paternity testing parameters were attributed to each case quantitatively.

Results

The biological relationship between the alleged fathers and infants in all 24 family cases were confirmed by capillary electrophoresis (CE). The Y-chromosome mini-STR haplotypes of all 14 male cffDNA were obtained by NGS without any missing loci. The alleles of cffDNA and paternal genomic DNA were matched in 13 cases, and a mismatched allele was detected at the DYS393 locus in one case and considered as mutation. No allele was detected in the 10 female cffDNA. The combined paternity index (CPI) and probability of paternity calculation was based on 6 loci Y-haplotype distributions of a local population. The probability of paternity was 98.2699–99.8828% for the cases without mutation, and 14.8719% for the case harboring mutation.

Conclusions

Our proof-of-concept study demonstrated that Y-chromosome mini-STR can be used for NGS-based NIPPT with high accuracy in real cases, and is a promising tool for familial searching, paternity exclusion and sex selection in forensic and medical applications.
Antibacterial efficacy and possible mechanism of action of 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid (HICA)
Authors: Pahalagedara Amila S. N. W. , Flint Steve , Palmer Jon , Brightwell Gale , Gupta Tanushree B.
Published: April 2022

The exploitation of natural antimicrobial compounds that can be used in food preservation has been fast tracked by the development of antimicrobial resistance to existing antimicrobials and the increasing consumer demand for natural food preservatives. 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid (HICA) is a natural compound produced through the leucine degradation pathway and is produced in humans and by certain microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria and Clostridium species. The present study investigated the antibacterial efficacy of HICA against some important bacteria associated with food quality and safety and provided some insights into its possible antimicrobial mechanisms against bacteria. The results revealed that HICA was effective in inhibiting the growth of tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including a multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa strain in this study. The underlying mechanism was investigated by measuring the cell membrane integrity, membrane permeability, membrane depolarisation, and morphological and ultrastructural changes after HICA treatment in bacterial cells. The evidence supports that HICA exerts its activity via penetration of the bacterial cell membranes, thereby causing depolarisation, rupture of membranes, subsequent leakage of cellular contents and cell death. The current study suggests that HICA has potential to be used as an antibacterial agent against food spoilage and food-borne pathogenic bacteria, targeting the bacterial cell envelope.
“It’s hard to keep a distance when you’re with someone you really care about”—A qualitative study of adolescents’ pandemic-related health literacy and how Covid-19 affects their lives
Authors: Riiser Kirsti , Richardsen Kåre Rønn , Haraldstad Kristin , Helseth Sølvi , Torbjørnsen Astrid
Published: April 2022

Purpose

The aim of this study was to explore how adolescents accessed, understood, appraised, and applied information on pandemic preventive measures, how their lives were impacted by long-lasting regulations and how they described their quality of life.

Methods

A qualitative design with focus group interviews was used to elaborate on the quantitative survey results obtained and analyzed in a previous survey study from the first phase of the Covid-19 pandemic. Five focus groups with seventeen adolescents were conducted digitally during the second pandemic phase in November and December 2020. The interview data were analyzed with directed content analysis.

Results

The adolescents reported using traditional media and official websites as sources for Covid-19 information. They engaged in preventive behavior, and washing hands and keeping a distance from strangers had become a habit. However, not being physically close to friends felt strange and unpleasant. The measure most frequently discussed was limiting social contact, which was a constant struggle. No one disputed the authorities’ guidelines and rules, but the social restrictions caused boredom and despair, particularly due to interrupted schooling and missed opportunities to engage in life events, and freely socialize with friends.

Conclusion

The adolescents gave an overall impression of being health literate, which corresponds well with the results from our previous survey study. Their descriptions of how they translated protective measures into their everyday lives demonstrate that they took responsibility and accepted personal costs for the collective good. However, life with social restrictions decreased their quality of life.
The association between provider characteristics and post-catheterization interventions
Authors: Powell Adam C. , Goldstein Jason P. , Long James W. , Simmons Jeffrey D. , DeFrance Anthony
Published: April 2022

Objectives

To examine whether the demographics of providers’ prior year patient cohorts, providers’ historic degree of catheter-based fractional flow reserve (FFR) utilization, and other provider characteristics were associated with post-catheterization performance of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Study design

A retrospective, observational analysis of outpatient claims data was performed.

Methods

All 2018 outpatient catheterization claims from a national organization offering commercial and Medicare Advantage health plans were examined. Claims were excluded if the patient had a prior catheterization in 2018, had any indications of CABG or valvular heart disease in the prior year of claims, or if the provider had ≤10 catheterization claims in 2017. Downstream PCI and CABG were determined by examining claims 0–30 days post-catheterization. Using multivariate mixed effects logistic regression with provider identity random effects, the association between post-catheterization procedures and provider characteristics was assessed, controlling for patient characteristics.

Results

The sample consisted of 31,920 catheterization claims pertaining to procedures performed by 964 providers. Among the catheterization claims, 8,554 (26.8%) were followed by PCI and 1,779 (5.6%) were followed by CABG. Catheterizations performed by providers with older prior year patient cohorts were associated with higher adjusted odds of PCI (1.78; CI: 1.26–2.53), even after controlling for patient age. Catheterizations performed by providers with greater historic use of FFR had significantly higher adjusted odds of being followed by PCI (1.73; CI: 1.26–2.37).

Conclusion

Provider characteristics may impact whether patients receive a procedure post-catheterization. Further research is needed to characterize this relationship.
Small geographical variability observed in Norway spruce needle spectra across Europe
Authors: Hovi Aarne , Lukeš Petr , Homolová Lucie , Juola Jussi , Rautiainen Miina
Published: April 2022

Foliage spectra form an important input to physically-based forest reflectance models. However, little is known about geographical variability of coniferous needle spectra. In this research note, we present an assessment of the geographical variability of Norway spruce ( (L.) H. Karst.) needle albedo, reflectance, and transmittance spectra across three study sites covering latitudes of 49â62Â°N in Europe. All spectra were measured and processed using exactly the same methodology and parameters, which guarantees reliable conclusions about geographical variability. Small geographical variability in Norway spruce needle spectra was observed, when compared to variability observed between previous measurement campaigns (employing slightly varying measurement and processing parameters), or to variability between plant functional types (broadleaved vs. coniferous). Our results suggest that variability of needle spectra is not a major factor introducing geographical variability to forest reflectance. The results also highlight the importance of harmonizing measurement protocols when collecting needle spectral libraries. Furthermore, the data collected for this study can be useful in studies where accurate information on spectral differences between broadleaved and coniferous tree foliage is needed.Picea abies
Evaluating the use of hyperspectral imagery to calculate raster-based wetland vegetation condition indicator
Authors: Suir Glenn M. , Wilcox Douglas A.
Published: April 2022

Field observations and measurements of wetland plants have traditionally been used to monitor and evaluate wetland condition; however, there has been increasing use of remote sensing applications for rapid evaluations of wetland productivity and change. Combining key aspects of field- and remote sensing-based wetland evaluation methods can provide more efficient or improved biological indices. This exploratory study set out to develop a raster-based Wetland Vegetation Condition Indicator system that used airborne hyperspectral imagery-derived data to estimate plant-community quality (via wetland classification and Coefficient of Conservatism) and vegetation biomass (estimated using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index). The Wetland Vegetation Condition Indicator system was developed for three Lake Ontario wetland areas and compared to a field-based floristic quality index and a dominant-plant based Floristic quality indexdom. The indicator system serves as a proof-of-concept that capitalized on the spatial and spectral attributes of high-resolution imagery to quantify and characterize the quality and quantity of wetland vegetation. A Pearson correlation analysis showed moderate r values of 0.59 and 0.62 for floristic quality index and floristic quality indexdom, respectively, compared to the indicator method. The differences are potentially due to the spatial resolution of the imagery and the indicator method only accounting for the dominant plants within each assessment unit (pixel), therefore disregarding understory plants or those with low abundance. However, the multi-metric Wetland Vegetation Condition Indicator approach shows promise as an indicator of wetland condition by using remotely sensed data, which could be useful for more efficient landscape-scale assessments of wetland health, resilience, and recovery.
Students’ Perception of the Classroom Environment: A Comparison between Innovative and Traditional Classrooms
Authors: Britt Lori L. , Ball Tim C , Whitfield Toni S , Woo Chang Wan
Published: April 2022

As advanced classroom technologies are developed, more higher education institutions are building innovative classrooms. Previous studies have focused on students’ academic performances in innovative classrooms, but few compared students experienced between traditional and innovative classrooms. In comparing observations and self-reports of students taking similar classes in both traditional classrooms and innovative classrooms, we found that students in an innovative classroom were more satisfied with the classroom environment, sensed more community in innovative classrooms, and perceived these classrooms as more appropriate for their courses.
Critical Thinking: Two Theses from the Ground Up
Authors: Zhou Ziqian
Published: April 2022

This paper analyses a set of widely held beliefs concerning our understanding and teaching of critical thinking, a notion which is increasingly adopted by universities as their main educational goal. Existing scholarship on critical thinking throws up a vast heterogeneous collection of definitions of critical thinking. I propose a ‘meta-definition’ of critical thinking—or, what I call the cluster concept of critical thinking—to show that there is unity in an otherwise messy conceptual terrain. A second aim of this paper is to offer a plea for the intellectual virtues in general and that of humility in particular as a means of fostering critical thinking. This paper concludes by presenting a series of pedagogical implications for instructors in tertiary education in the business of designing modules that aim to promote critical thinking.
Is Boyer’s Scholarship Reconsidered Still Relevant: A Case study of a College-Wide Professional Learning Community
Authors: Houdyshell Michael , Sughrue Jennifer , Aydin Hasan , Carothers Doug
Published: April 2022

As universities attempt to integrate academic research into meaningful real-world application, faculty are encouraged to improve, understand, and collaborate on instruction and scholarship. Boyer’s writings on the topic in Scholarship Reconsidered: Priorities of the Professoriate attempted to engage faculty in this pursuit. One College of Education explored Boyer’s model through faculty participation in a Professional Learning Community (PLC). Using a qualitative case study including a review of documents and faculty focus groups, the researchers studied how faculty were able to infuse components of Boyer’s Scholarship Reconsidered in their work. Findings pointed to enhanced understanding of Boyer’s writings by faculty, but did not result in increased incorporation of his ideas into practice during the PLC. The researchers concluded that improvements in the leadership, design, and application of the PLC could facilitate faculty participation in a PLC and could result in increased engagement and application of Boyer’s writings in their work.

Keywords: Boyer’s Scholarship Reconsidered, professional learning communities, higher education
Promising Practice for Building Community through Mixed-Reality Simulation in Teacher Preparation
Authors: Spitzman Emily , Balconi Alexandra , Renaud Gia , Ingle Jeanne , Cayson Andrea
Published: April 2022

Abstract: It is critical that pre-service teachers have exposure to practice in order to be successful in their future classrooms. This article describes a step-by-step process of implementing mixed-reality simulation in teacher preparation courses in order to provide teacher candidates with an almost-real classroom experience. Through using this mixed-reality simulation platform, teacher candidates teach student avatars who are being controlled by a live, behind-the-scenes person, trained to facilitate classroom scenarios. Following an overview of the implementation of this mixed-reality technological tool into their classes, authors share successes and challenges, highlighting some key takeaways for those considering integrating this into their future classes.
Carentes y desiguales en la narrativa cubana contemporánea para niños y jóvenes
Authors: Ocampo Álvarez Denise
Published: April 2022

El presente texto expone las condiciones de emergencia de la carencia material y la desigualdad social como temas en la narrativa infantil y juvenil (NIJ) publicada en Cuba de 1959 a 2012. El análisis documental y bibliográfico y la interpretación crítica, desde los estudios culturales y el análisis del discurso, mostraron cómo en la interrelación de los contextos internacional y nacional se conforma un escenario en que —dados los principios sustentados por el Estado cubano con respecto a la pobreza y la desigualdad, y el discurso y las medidas diseñadas en consecuencia— se producirá una determinada situación social enriquecedora de un imaginario colectivo sobre dichos fenómenos. Este imaginario, en relación con diversos aspectos de la construcción social de la niñez y la juventud, convergerá en la creación de NIJ con esos temas, creación que será socializada según se ajuste a las políticas culturales y editoriales.
La explicación: construcciones orales de los niños y las niñas en las aulas de preescolar
Authors: Acosta Jiménez Claudia , Lancheros Cuesta Milena
Published: April 2022

Hablar del lenguaje oral en el ámbito escolar exige una reflexión profunda frente a cómo son abordados estos procesos en las aulas, las cuales son un espacio donde se desarrollan diferentes actividades discursivas. La lengua oral impregna sustancialmente la vida escolar y cumple diversas funciones como: regular la vida social de la escuela, aprender a pensar, a reflexionar, a leer y escribir y a relacionarse con la literatura. De esta manera, el lenguaje oral constituye la base esencial sobre la cual se construyen distintas actividades discursivas que favorecen sustancialmente la vida social. Por lo anterior, nos dimos a la tarea de revisar y reflexionar en torno a la forma como planeábamos y organizábamos el trabajo pedagógico sobre el lenguaje oral en nuestras aulas, enfatizando en la explicación. El objetivo de la investigación La actividad discursiva oral de la explicación con niños y niñas de preescolar fue generar una propuesta pedagógica que permitiera abordar la actividad discursiva oral de la explicación en niños de preescolar desde una perspectiva pragmática en interacciones dentro y fuera de las aulas con estudiantes, a partir de proyectos pedagógicos. Estos proyectos posibilitaron una mayor interacción entre nosotras como docentes y los niños, teniendo en cuenta las etapas de la investigación acción pedagógica: la planeación, acción, observación y reflexión constante de nuestro accionar pedagógico.
Effect of Molar Concentration on the Structural and Optical Properties of the Cd2SnO4 Thin Films
Authors: Ibrahim Sundus S. , Khodair Ziad T. , Mohammed Adnan A.
Published: April 2022

In this paper, cadmium stannate (Cd2SnO4) thin films at four different molar concentrations (1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1) were prepared at a temperature of (400 oC) using a chemical spray pyrolysis technique and have a thickness of about 400±10 nm. XRD patterns of the prepared thin films showed that the thin films have both a polycrystalline and a cubic structure. FE-SEM and AFM were used to investigate the surface morphology of Cd2SnO4 thin films. The measurement of absorbance and transmittance spectra for films in the range of 300–900 nm was part of the optical properties research. The effect of various molar concentrations of these films on transmittance was investigated, and the results revealed a decrease in transmittance. The allowed direct electronic transmission optical energy gap was calculated, and it was discovered that it decreases as the molar concentrations increase, with a value ranging between (2.61-2.91) eV.
New bat records in south-eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina with additional confirmation of Myotis alcathoe and Myotis brandtii
Authors: J.F. Verhees Joris , C. Buys Jan , T. Twisk Peter , Šestović Belma , Kocks Minka , Lemmers Pim Lemmers
Published: April 2022

The Balkans represent one of the regions with the highest bat diversity in Europe. Thus far, 31 bat species have been recorded in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). The bat fauna of this Balkan country is one of the least studied in Europe. In order to reduce this knowledge gap, bat research was carried out during a ten-day inventory in the vicinity of Čajniče in south-eastern BiH (Republic of Srpska). Mist net surveys resulted in the capture of 15 bat species: Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, R. hipposideros, Myotis brandtii, M. mystacinus sensu lato, M. alcathoe, M. emarginatus, M. nattereri, M. bechsteinii, M. blythii, Nyctalus leisleri, Eptesicus serotinus, Vespertilio murinus, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, P. pygmaeus, and Plecotus auritus. Acoustic surveys resulted in recording one additional species: Barbastella barbastellus. Roost surveys yielded in the finding of three maternity colonies of R. hipposideros. The genetic analysis resulted in the first molecularly confirmed M. brandtii and M. alcathoe records for BiH. Capture of several post-lactating females, sexually active males and multiple juveniles is proof for reproducing populations of these species in the country. During this brief study, we found more than half of all known bat species in BiH in an area of circa 75 km2 .
Reflexiones En Torno A La Cotidianidad E Integralidad De Los Derechos Humanos
Authors: Navas Camargo Fernanda Johanna , Castillo Dussán Cesar , Cubides-Cárdenas Jaime
Published: April 2022

Las lecturas que pueden hacerse sobre los derechos humanos llevan a que puedan ser entendidos como facultades y reconocimientos que otorga la ley al ser humano para compartir, valorar, debatir e intervenir en las realidades sociales. Observar, describir, analizar o participar en una determinada situación de la cotidianidad aparece como una poderosa herramienta de la persona o del grupo social para comprender la complejidad de las relaciones, las cuales deberían ser reguladas por el derecho con eficacia e integralmente para evitar amenazas y vulneraciones a esos derechos humanos. Esta premisa no siempre se cumple y el presente artículo reflexiona en torno a ello desde cuatro perspectivas, así: i) sobre la igualdad y la diferencia; ii) los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales; iii) lo cotidiano y la protección jurídica de los derechos, y iv) sobre la especial protección a niños, niñas y adolescentes.
 
De esta manera poder observar, describir, analizar o incluso participar en una determinada situación de la cotidianidad, aparece como una poderosa herramienta de la persona o del grupo social para poder y comprender la complejidad de las relaciones, las cuales el derecho debería regular eficaz e integralmente para evitar amenazas y vulneraciones a esos derechos humanos.  Esta premisa no siempre se cumple; el presente artículo reflexiona sobre la misma desde cuatro perspectivas, así: (i) sobre la igualdad y la diferencia, (ii) los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales, (iii) lo cotidiano y la protección jurídica de los derechos, (iv) sobre la especial protección a niños, niñas y adolescentes
Coopetition and micro, small and medium enterprises performance
Authors: Worimegbe Powel Maxwell , Abosede Adebiyi Julius , Eze Benneth Uchenna
Published: April 2022

This study investigates coopetition in addressing the interactions among micro, small and medium enterprises. The fundamental cause of coopetition was examined and the degree to which it affects the enterprise performance as evidenced from micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) was evaluated. Premised on existing literature, intensity of cooperation, intensity of competition and intensity of equality were used as the dimensions of coopetition. The descriptive survey research method was applied. Structured questionnaires were administered to 1876 MSMEs in Nigeria. The structural equation model was used in analyzing data to establish the extent of influence of coopetition on MSMEs performance.  It was established that coopetition affects asses to technology and market share. It was also revealed that the intensity of competition affects coopetition more and access to technology was seen as the most significant reason MSMEs are involved in coopetition. The findings of the study also show that MSMEs mostly take part in coopetition in order to ripe the benefits of technological advancement. The study is limited in scope to micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Future studies should investigate the effect of coopetition on specific industries. MSMEs should engage more in coopetition in order to achieve their objectives and Entrepreneurs should design and manage competitive relationships with their key competitors in order not to lose their core competence. The study pays attention to the fundamental cause of coopetition and establishing factors that influence cooperation which have direct effect on competition. This study also adds intensity of equality as a measurement of coopetition based on literatures reviewed as previous empirical studies did not include it.
The management of innovation to generate added value in the flexographic processes: a case study in the company suppry etiquetas
Authors: Silva Maicon da , Silva Luis Carlos Alves da
Published: April 2022

The present study has as its theme the management of innovation to generate added value in flexographic processes, being delimited in the analysis of the processes of the company Suppry Etiquetas. It is questioned how innovation management can generate added value in the flexographic processes of the company Suppry Etiquetas. The objective was to understand how innovation management can generate added value in the company's processes. Methodologically, the research was characterized as an exploratory case study, with the data being analyzed qualitatively. Data collection occurred through a literature review in books, magazines, and on site, with a semi-structured interview with the company owner, with the application of a questionnaire containing 7 questions. As main results of the research we highlight that the innovations of processes all of them represented some kind of cost reduction, and implementation of the program 5s, being this very important for the organization of the company. In the innovation of products in addition to the two new products that started to be produced by the company, it is worth mentioning resale items that had an increase of 57,07% in revenue, after the realization of a change of strategy.
Incorporation of copper and strontium ions in TiO2 nanotubes via dopamine to enhance hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility
Authors: Yang Minhui , Zhou Hualan , Cheng Yuxin , Hong Qingxiang , Chen Jie , Zhang Qiuyang , Pan Changjiang
Published: April 2022

Nanomaterials with unique nanotube arrays have attracted extensive attention in the field of blood-contacting biomaterials. In this study, the regular titanium dioxide nanotube arrays were first prepared on the pure titanium surface by anodic oxidation. Subsequently, copper ions (Cu2+) and strontium ions (Sr2+) were incorporated into the nanotubes by the chelation of dopamine to improve biocompatibility. The as-prepared TiO2 nanotubes had an inner diameter of about 60 nm and an outer diameter of 90–110 nm, as well as a tube length of 4–6 µm. The following annealing treatment and the incorporation of Cu2+ and Sr2+ had little effect on the morphology and dimensions of the nanotubes, but can significantly improve the hydrophilicity, and promote the adsorption of bovine serum albumin concurrently inhibit the adsorption of fibrinogen, showing the effect of selective protein adsorption. At the same time, loading Cu2+ and Sr2+ can also effectively inhibit platelet adhesion and activation, promote endothelial cell growth, and upregulate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and nitric oxide. Therefore, the results of this study showed that the incorporation of Cu2+ and Sr2+ into the TiO2 nanotubes can simultaneously improve the hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility of endothelial cells, which can enlarge the application of titanium-based biomaterials in cardiovascular devices such as a stent.
On the Three Stages in the Development of Socialism
Authors: Cheng Enfu
Published: April 2022

Socialism passes through three stages, which capture the qualitative transformation of the relations of production caused by changes in the productive forces. Specifically, the primary stage = public ownership as central (private ownership as supplement) + market-based distribution according to labor as central (distribution according to capital as supplement) + state(plan-) dominated market economy. The intermediate stage = multiple forms of public ownership + multiple commodity-type distribution according to labor + state-dominated planned economy (market adjustment as supplement). Finally, advanced socialism = singleform public ownership by entire society + product-based distribution according to labor + complete planned economy. Communism = single-form public ownership by entire society + product-based distribution according to need + fully planned economy. By contrast, the modern capitalist economic system = private ownership + distribution according to capital + state-directed market economy. This new theory of the three stages of socialism reasonably coordinates the various systemic criteria in the Marxist classics, and helps reveal the inherent connection between the primary stage of socialism and the great systemic goal of communism.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria and organic ameliorant for corn growth and yield increment in Inceptisols
Authors: Hindersah Reginawanti , Kamaluddin Nadia Nuraniya , Fauzia Shabrina Rahma , Setiawati Mieke Rochimi , Simarmata Tualar
Published: April 2022

Since Inceptisols, in general, contain low soil organic matter and major plant nutrients, inorganic fertilizers are commonly added during corn cultivation. In order to maintain long-term soil health and fertility, bioferilizer and organic ameliorant application are suggested. The addition of nitrogen (N)-fixing bacteria (NFB) can benefit plant growth through the supply of available nitrogen for plant uptake. Organic ameliorants can enhance soil chemical and biological properties. A field trial had been performed to observe the effect of biofertilizer and organic ameliorant on corn growth, N status in soil and plant, and the yield and wasteof corn. The experiment was designed in a Completely Randomized Block Design that consisted of four treatments and six replications. The treatments were 1.2 kg/ha N-fixing mixed biofertilizer, 2 t/ha organic ameliorant, and mixtures of biofertilizer and ameliorant. Control plants received neither biofertilizer nor ameliorant. The experiment results found that N-fixing biofertilizer and ameliorant increased plant height, fully-developed leaves number, soil reaction and N uptake of corn compared to the control. The total-N content was slightly increased after NFB inoculation with and without amelioration over other treatments. Plots treated with biofertilizer and ameliorant produced a higher grain weight compared to the control treatment. Corn wastes such as empty corn cob and husk weight were increased in plants treated with biofertilizer, ameliorant and a combination of both. This study suggested that the combined application of biofertilizer and ameliorant produced 66% more grain yield and 84 % more cob and husk waste compared to untreated plants.
Influence of waste type with co-digestion system on methane production of patch digester stirred with exhaust gases
Authors: Ashmawy Mostafa , Abu-Elyazeed Osayed , Attai Youssef Ahmed , Danial Mina
Published: April 2022

Investing in biogas is a viable option for the production of renewable energy. Production of renewable energy such as biogas has an impact on improving the environmental function and health impacts for all beneficiaries such as humans, lands, and ecosystems. As well recycling of solid waste could be considered waste management for economic development and protection of degraded and polluted lands. Anaerobic co-digestion has been practically applied in sewage sludge processing, agricultural and waste treatment and is recognized as an economical eﬀective way for waste reuse, treatment, and disposal. This paper presents three co-digestion experimental batches for thickened sludge with food waste, rice straw and cow waste. The mixtures were digested for thirty days, with 15 minutes of daily stirring using laboratory generator exhaust. A steel fixed dome anaerobic digester was used for experimental batches. The produced methane was recorded to be 65 %, 45.9 %, and 55 % when using thickened sludge with food waste, rice straw and cow waste, respectively. Cumulative methane was investigated for 7, 15 and 30 days to show the effect of time in methane production. The results showed that approximately 80 % of the produced methane was produced between 15 and 21 days. Anaerobic co-digestion increases the pH value of the three mixtures. The pH value was increased during anaerobic co-digestion due to the mineralization of the organic matter. However, pH values stayed between 6.0 and 8.0, which is better for growing and activating the methanogenic microorganisms as a reason for methane formation.