bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Domestic abuse in marriage and self-silencing: Pastoral care in a context of self-silencing
Authors: Chisale Sinenhlanhla S.
Published: June 2018

The socialisation of women into self-silencing by religion has complicated pastoral care interventions for the victims of domestic violence, particularly within the context of marriage. This article is written from an intercultural approach to pastoral care and applies the theory on silence. The aim of this article is to explore the way pastoral caregivers can extend caregiving to the victims of marital domestic violence who have silenced the self. The article draws from qualitative data that were collected through autobiographical narratives, in-depth interviews and observations, and analysed through thematic analysis. The findings indicate that women are forced to silence the self in contexts of domestic violence by not speaking about the abuse that takes place in marriage. The self-silencing is justified by those who interpret Biblical texts that address marriage naively; in this case one of the two women who participated in this study confirmed that Proverbs 21:9 is used to justify self-silencing. Thus, the article concludes that pastoral care interventions in such contexts should include a circle of the significant others that women interact with such as the perpetrator and the broader community, including her social networks.
El imaginario sociodemográfico de las mujeres en los ‘mercados’ sexuales y eróticos en la filmografía marroquí
Authors: Peralta García Lidia , Saiz-Echezarreta Vanesa
Published: June 2018

Este artículo analiza y ofrece una primera base de datos sobre la representación de los mercados sexuales y eróticos de la filmografía marroquí, centrándose en las figuras femeninas:  su caracterización sociodemográfica, roles desempeñados y carácter liminar de las prácticas de sexo transaccional representadas. Metodología. Se realiza un vaciado a partir del catálogo del Centre de la Cinématographie Marocaine de 367 películas, se seleccionan 30 producidas entre 1958 y 2017, de las que se analizan 51 personajes. Resultados. El perfil mayoritario son mujeres que ejercen la prostitución de pago, entre los 15 y 25 años, mayoritariamente solteras y sin cargas familiares, en contextos urbanos.  Discusión y conclusiones. La presencia de personajes pertenecientes a los mercados sexuales y eróticos es una constante en el cine marroquí, no siempre se plantea la pobreza como detonante, también está vinculada a las nociones de liberalización sexual y al acceso a espacios de libertad.
Групповой анализ одномерного уравнения Больцмана III. Условие сохранения физического смысла моментных величин
Authors: Platonova Kseniya Sergeevna , Borovskikh Aleksey Vladislavovich
Published: June 2018

Проведена групповая классификация одномерного уравнения Больцмана относительно функции $\mathcal F=\mathcal F(t,x,c)$, характеризующей внешнее силовое поле, в предположении о наличии следующих вытекающих из физических соображений связей между переменными: $dx=c dt$, $dc=\mathcal F dt$, $dt=0$, $dx=0$. Показано, что для всех функций $\mathcal F$ алгебра конечномерна и ее максимальная размерность равна восьми, что соответствует уравнению с нулевой $\mathcal F$.
Об асимптотическом решении многоканальной задачи рассеяния с неадиабатической связью каналов
Authors: Yakovlev Sergei Leonidovich , Yarevskii Evgenii Aleksandrovich , Elander Nils , Belyaev Andrei Konstantinovich
Published: June 2018

Рассмотрена многоканальная задача рассеяния в адиабатическом представлении. Предполагается, что матрица неадиабатической связи каналов имеет нетривиальное значение на больших межъядерных расстояниях. Построены асимптотические решения на больших межъядерных расстояниях. Показано, что эти асимптотические решения вплоть до первого порядка теории возмущений идентичны асимптотическим решениям подхода перепроецирования, который был предложен ранее в качестве средства для решения проблемы трансляции электронов в контексте метода Борна-Оппенгеймера.
Унитарные представления Вигнера группы $ISL(2,\mathbb C)$
и двухспинорное описание массивных частиц с произвольным спином
Authors: Isaev Aleksei Petrovich , Podoynitsyin Mikhail Aleksandrovich
Published: June 2018

На основе унитарных представлений Вигнера для накрывающей группы $ISL(2,\mathbb C)$ группы Пуанкаре получены спин-тензорные волновые функции свободных массивных частиц с произвольным спином, удовлетворяющие уравнениям Дирака-Паули-Фирца. В рамках двухспинорного формализма построены спин-векторы поляризации и получены условия, которые фиксируют соответствующие матрицы плотности (проекционные операторы Берендса-Фронсдала), определяющие числители в пропагаторах полей таких частиц. С помощью этих условий найдены явные выражения для матриц плотности частиц с целым (проекционные операторы Берендса-Фронсдала) и полуцелым спином. Получено обобщение проекционных операторов Берендса-Фронсдала для случая произвольного числа $D$ измерений пространства-времени.
On ozone trend detection: using coupled chemistry–climate simulations to investigate early signs of total column ozone recovery
Authors: Keeble James , Brown Hannah , Abraham N. Luke , Harris Neil R. P. , Pyle John A.
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Total column ozone values from an ensemble of UM-UKCA model simulations are examined to investigate different definitions of progress on the road to ozone recovery. The impacts of modelled internal atmospheric variability are accounted for by applying a multiple linear regression model to modelled total column ozone values, and ozone trend analysis is performed on the resulting ozone residuals. Three definitions of recovery are investigated: (i) a slowed rate of decline and the date of minimum column ozone, (ii) the identification of significant positive trends and (iii) a return to historic values. A return to past thresholds is the last state to be achieved. Minimum column ozone values, averaged from 60° S to 60° N, occur between 1990 and 1995 for each ensemble member, driven in part by the solar minimum conditions during the 1990s. When natural cycles are accounted for, identification of the year of minimum ozone in the resulting ozone residuals is uncertain, with minimum values for each ensemble member occurring at different times between 1992 and 2000. As a result of this large variability, identification of the date of minimum ozone constitutes a poor measure of ozone recovery. Trends for the 2000–2017 period are positive at most latitudes and are statistically significant in the mid-latitudes in both hemispheres when natural cycles are accounted for. This significance results largely from the large sample size of the multi-member ensemble. Significant trends cannot be identified by 2017 at the highest latitudes, due to the large interannual variability in the data, nor in the tropics, due to the small trend magnitude, although it is projected that significant trends may be identified in these regions soon thereafter. While significant positive trends in total column ozone could be identified at all latitudes by ∼ 2030, column ozone values which are lower than the 1980 annual mean can occur in the mid-latitudes until ∼ 2050, and in the tropics and high latitudes deep into the second half of the 21st century.
Historical gridded reconstruction of potential evapotranspiration for the UK
Authors: Tanguy Maliko , Prudhomme Christel , Smith Katie , Hannaford Jamie
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) is a necessary input data for most
hydrological models and is often needed at a daily time step. An accurate
estimation of PET requires many input climate variables which are, in most
cases, not available prior to the 1960s for the UK, nor indeed most parts of
the world. Therefore, when applying hydrological models to earlier periods,
modellers have to rely on PET estimations derived from simplified methods.
Given that only monthly observed temperature data is readily available for
the late 19th and early 20th century at a national scale for the UK, the
objective of this work was to derive the best possible UK-wide gridded PET
dataset from the limited data available. To that end, firstly, a combination of (i) seven temperature-based PET
equations, (ii) four different calibration approaches and (iii) seven input
temperature data were evaluated. For this evaluation, a gridded daily PET
product based on the physically based Penman–Monteith equation (the CHESS
PET dataset) was used, the rationale being that this provides a reliable
“ground truth” PET dataset for evaluation purposes, given that no directly
observed, distributed PET datasets exist. The performance of the models was
also compared to a “naïve method”, which is defined as the simplest
possible estimation of PET in the absence of any available climate data. The
“naïve method” used in this study is the CHESS PET daily long-term
average (the period from 1961 to 1990 was chosen), or CHESS-PET daily
climatology. The analysis revealed that the type of calibration and the input temperature
dataset had only a minor effect on the accuracy of the PET estimations at
catchment scale. From the seven equations tested, only the calibrated
version of the McGuinness–Bordne equation was able to outperform the
“naïve method” and was therefore used to derive the gridded,
reconstructed dataset. The equation was calibrated using 43 catchments
across Great Britain. The dataset produced is a 5 km gridded PET dataset for the period 1891 to
2015, using the Met Office 5 km monthly gridded temperature data available for that time period as input data for the PET equation. The dataset
includes daily and monthly PET grids and is complemented with a suite of
mapped performance metrics to help users assess the quality of the data
spatially. This dataset is expected to be particularly valuable as input to
hydrological models for any catchment in the UK. The data can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.5285/17b9c4f7-1c30-4b6f-b2fe-f7780159939c.
Statistical modeling of the long-range-dependent structure of barrier island framework geology and surface geomorphology
Authors: Weymer Bradley A. , Wernette Phillipe , Everett Mark E. , Houser Chris
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Shorelines exhibit long-range dependence (LRD) and have been shown
in some environments to be described in the wave number domain by a power-law
characteristic of scale independence. Recent evidence suggests that the
geomorphology of barrier islands can, however, exhibit scale dependence as a
result of systematic variations in the underlying framework geology. The LRD
of framework geology, which influences island geomorphology and its response
to storms and sea level rise, has not been previously examined.
Electromagnetic induction (EMI) surveys conducted along Padre Island National
Seashore (PAIS), Texas, United States, reveal that the EMI apparent conductivity
(σa) signal and, by inference, the framework geology
exhibits LRD at scales of up to 101 to 102 km. Our study demonstrates
the utility of describing EMI σa and lidar spatial series by
a fractional autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) process that
specifically models LRD. This method offers a robust and compact way of
quantifying the geological variations along a barrier island shoreline using
three statistical parameters (p, d, q). We discuss how ARIMA models
that use a single parameter d provide a quantitative measure for
determining free and forced barrier island evolutionary behavior across
different scales. Statistical analyses at regional, intermediate, and local
scales suggest that the geologic framework within an area of paleo-channels
exhibits a first-order control on dune height. The exchange of sediment
amongst nearshore, beach, and dune in areas outside this region are
scale independent, implying that barrier islands like PAIS exhibit a
combination of free and forced behaviors that affect the response of the
island to sea level rise.
Leanne Weber (ed.) (2015) Rethinking Border Control for a Globalizing World: A Preferred Future. Oxfordshire and New York: Routledge.
Authors: Sydes Michelle
Published: June 2018

Book review
Recursive prosodic words in Kaqchikel (Mayan)
Authors: Bennett Ryan
Published: June 2018

Following the development of Prosodic Hierarchy Theory (Selkirk 1984; Nespor & Vogel 1986), evidence has accumulated that prosodic categories may be recursively self-embedded (e.g. Selkirk 1995; Truckenbrodt 1999; Wagner 2010; Itô & Mester 2013, etc.). However, this conclusion is not universally accepted (e.g. Vogel 2009a), and even the need for prosodic categories has been recently disputed (e.g. Scheer 2012b).In this article I argue that the prefixal phonology of Kaqchikel provides clear and convincing evidence for unbounded (iterable) recursion of the prosodic word ω. Patterns of [ʔ]-insertion and degemination receive a simple, elegant treatment if recursion of the prosodic word is permitted. Theories of prosodic phonology which do without recursion are forced to resort to ad hoc stipulations to account for the same facts. Both derivational (e.g. Kiparsky 1982) and transderivational (e.g. Benua 2000) analyses of these patterns fail on morphological grounds. The overall conclusion is that both abstract prosodic structure and recursion of the prosodic word are indispensable parts of any theory of word-level phonology.
Let’s not blame the patient: Understanding the benefits and shortcomings of population health in orthopaedic surgery
Authors: Amato Chad , Sayeed Zain , Lane Mark , Padela Muhammad T. , Feria-Arias Enrique , Nasser Sam , Darwiche Hussein F. , Saleh Khaled J.
Published: June 2018

Population health is a concept that emerged from the desire of providers to care for patients in a manner that produces the best possible outcomes while minimizing cost. It may be defined as the study of medical data of large groups of people in order to recognize and investigate patterns. This information is then used to create disease management guidelines that streamline care and regulate practice patterns. Whereas population health looks to recognize commonalities in data, the concept of patient-centered care focuses on embracing individualization and increasing the involvement of each patient within their treatment planning. Combining both perspectives creates a challenge for providers and patients to strike the proper balance between adhering to standardized guidelines based on the treatment methods and outcomes recognized in populations and applying it clinically to individual patients. A significant contribution of population health studies is the identification of risk factors associated with increased rates of complications following total joint arthroplasty as well as preventative measures for conditions such as osteoarthritis. However, to employ these findings in a patient-centered manner orthopaedic surgeons must take this a step further and also evaluate a patient’s ability to adhere to the recommendations by exploring factors such as home environment and socioeconomic factors, thus proactively addressing issues that could hinder patient compliance. With focused collection methods of acquiring data, these two practices of care will hopefully begin to see less divergence when it comes to applying data derived from population health initiatives to individual patients in a patient-centered manner.
I Can’t Be Racist—I Teach in an Urban School, and I’m a Nice White Lady!
Authors: Miller Lisa A. , Harris Victor W.
Published: June 2018

This paper examines, through the lens of critical race theory (CRT), beliefs often asserted by self-described,open-minded white educators about their students of color. While these teachers may perceive themselves as liberaland inclusive, their interactions with students of color are shrouded by white privilege which can be disenfranchisingto students of color. By countering these ascribed beliefs with research, theory, and qualitative experiences, theauthors aim to expose how white privilege manifests within the typical classroom and to invite all white educators toexamine their racial attitudes and beliefs. Using CRT, the authors* make recommendations for strategies to developwhite teachers into white allies.
Un capítol inèdit de la historiografia catalana del Cinc-cents: l’obra de Joan Benito Guardiola (m. 1600)
Authors: Galdeano Carretero Rodolfo
Published: June 2018

La vida i l’obra del monjo benedictí frai Joan Benito Guardiola són completament desconegudes en la historiografia catalana. Aquest article dona les primeres notícies de l’autor, monjo del Monestir de Sahagún (Lleó), de la Antigüedad del insigne Prinçipado de Cataluña y de la nobleza valor y proezas de los famosíssimos catalanes y de los de las yslas adherentes, un ambiciós projecte d’Història de Catalunya que es conserva manuscrit i inèdit a l’Arxiu de la Reial Acadèmia de Bones Lletres de Barcelona, a la Real Academia de la Historia de Madrid i a la Biblioteca Nacional de España, i planteja una primera aproximació formal del text i de les fonts utilitzades.
La embajada de Jerónimo Monsoriu (1650) y la defensa del Reino de Valencia durante la Revolta Catalana
Authors: Fuertes Broseta Miquel
Published: June 2018

En 1650, en medio de la guerra de Cataluña, Jerónimo Monsoriu fue enviado por el Reino de Valencia para conseguir de Felipe IV una mayor colaboración de la corona en la defensa del reino. En el presente artículo se exponen los problemas tocantes a la frontera con Cataluña y las negociaciones llevadas a cabo en la corte. En torno a este asunto se observan dos temas principales: la falta de dinero y efectivos y la necesidad de evitar a toda costa una rebelión.
Valeria Cocozza "Trivento e gli Austrias" (Palermo, 2017)
Authors: Fernández Terricabras Ignasi
Published: June 2018

Cocozza, Valeria (2017)Trivento e gli Austrias. Carriere episcopali, spazi sacri e territorio in una diocesi di regio patronatoQuaderni Mediterranea: Palermo, 159 p.ISBN: 978-88-99487-69-0 (papel) / 978-88-99487-70-6 (digital)
Crouzet, Denis. Charles Quint. Empereur d'une fin des temps, Paris, Odile Jacob, 2016
Authors: Rizzuto Claudio César
Published: June 2018

Crouzet, Denis (2016)Charles Quint. Empereur d’une fin des tempsParís: Odile Jacob, 669 p.ISBN 978-2-7381-3458-5
Biogenic Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Some Medical Plants and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and Toxicity Potential
Authors: Jadou Ayat , Al-Shahwany Ayyad W
Published: June 2018

Background: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are employed in various applications in the areas of catalysis, optoelectronics, detection and diagnostics, antimicrobials, and therapeutics. Objective: The aim of this work was to study the antimicrobial activity of aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of Thymus vulgaris and Urtica dioica and biologically prepared silver nanoparticles, as single or in combination treatments, against Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was quantified by using a microdilution method in sterile 96-well microtiter plates. The assessment of the toxicity of AgNP solutions was evaluated on human blood lymphocyte cells. Results: The results of this study revealed that all AgNP solutions have the lowest MIC values against the bacterial isolates in relation with the methanolic and aqueous extract solutions. However, the results showed that the increasing AgNP concentration was a critical factor influencing the interaction between AgNPs and the human lymphocytes. Conclusions: The cytotoxicity of nanoparticles increased significantly (P < 0.05) at high concentrations. In addition, the biosynthesized AgNPs have an increased antimicrobial activity against all tested bacterial isolates. Highlights: AgNPs have been recognized as an effective antimicrobial agent that exhibits low toxicity in humans and has diverse in vitro and in vivo applications.
Person-Centered Research: A novel approach to Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Badian Reza A , McCormack Brendan , Sundling Vibeke
Published: June 2018

Introduction: Integrating person-centered values with randomized controlled trials methodology is a novel idea. Person-centeredness is gaining steadily more prominence and attention in healthcare and health-related policy and research. Randomized controlled trials are considered as the gold standard in evidence-based medicine for evaluating the effects of treatment or determining the causal effect. A wide array of study designs is available, but there is a lack of designs with both strong person-centered principles and a strong position with respect to the level of evidence. In this paper we intend to introduce a novel design to fill such a gap.Aims and objectives: The aim of this paper is to introduce a novel study design where essential values of person-centered care (PCC) are integrated with randomized controlled trial (RCT) methodology into a novel study design termed a person-centered randomized controlled trial (PC-RCT).Methods: In this paper we discuss the importance and role of evidence in clinical research, levels of evidence, as well as the significance of study design in evidence-based medicine. Moreover, we discuss randomized controlled trials that are considered the gold standard to achieve high quality evidence. In this paper we will explain what the concept of person-centered care is and discuss the values associated with person-centeredness.The theoretical and methodological considerations that are relevant in applying this concept will be discussed before presenting how we intend to incorporate person-centered values into a randomized controlled trial in a novel study design that is both person-centered and randomized controlled (PC-RCT). Different aspects of this proposed novel study design will be discussed, including the theory and methods underlying this new proposed design, its novelty, different stages and practical steps involved in this proposed design. Challenges, drawbacks and possible solutions for addressing challenges of this novel design will be explored, focusing on the construct, dynamics, advantages, disadvantages and novelty of PC-RCT design.Conclusion: This paper presents how person-centered values and traditional randomised controlled trial principal values are integrated into one study design where the strengths of both concepts are merged into one. The proposed novel study design has stronger person-centered characteristics and is solid in its RCT features. This design ensures that participants have much more active participation in decision-making and gain more choice in their treatment. The proposed novel study design in this paper has clearly an important role to play in satisfying the need for a study design that can address both the need for rendering higher levels of evidence as well as simultaneously securing greater integration of person-centered values in the same study design.
Subgroup analyses of a concise care trial of depressive and/or anxiety disorders
Authors: Meuldijk Denise , Giltay Erik J , Carlier Ingrid V E , Van Vliet Irene M , Van Hemert Albert M , Zitman Frans G
Published: June 2018

Rationale, aims and objectives: Concise forms of psychotherapy and psychopharmacotherapy have shown clinical effectiveness. Identifying the factors that predict who is most likely to benefit from such treatment may help to deliver the most adequate and person-centered care. Methods: Secondary care outpatients aged 18-65 years with mild to moderate DSM-IV depressive and/or anxiety disorders, participated in a pragmatic randomized controlled equivalence trial comparing a concise format of cognitive behavioural  and/or pharmacotherapy (i.e., concise care) to standard care. A range of putative factors associated with treatment outcome - socio-demographic characteristics and clinical characteristics - were assessed at baseline. Subgroup analyses were conducted analyzing the effects of interaction terms on changes over time in the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) scores as the outcome measure.Results: A total of 182 participants were included and randomized to concise care (n = 93) and to standard care (n = 89). Participants were on average 36.5 (SD 12.3) years old and 61% were women. Patients suffering from any ‘anxiety (without depressive) disorder’ benefited significantly less from concise care than standard care (P = 0.012).Conclusions: The benefit of a concise form of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy was independent from demographic and clinical characteristics. Only patients with anxiety (without depressive) disorders benefit less from concise treatment.
Barriers to insomnia treatment for general physicians in Iran: A mixed-method study
Authors: Rezaie Leeba , Philips David , Fobain Aaron , Khazaie Habibolah
Published: June 2018

Background: Insomnia is a common sleep disorder with adverse consequences on quality of life. Early diagnosis and treatment of insomnia can prevent these consequences. General physicians have an important role in the timely diagnosis and treatment of insomnia. Investigating the barriers that general physicians experience when treating insomnia may improve person-centered clinical care. The present study was designed to identify and analyze these barriers.Methods: A mixed-methods design was used. General physicians who worked in Kermanshah, Iran, were recruited. Data collection methods included semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative data and quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive-analytic statistics.Results: Barriers to insomnia treatment emerged from patient, physician and social domains. Beliefs about insomnia and concern about treatment were among the barriers in the patient category. Physicians’ attitude and insufficient knowledge of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment were common barriers in the physician category. Barriers related to socioeconomic problems and lack of awareness about sleep disorders. Social barriers interacted across domains. Physician reports generally did not differ based on years of work experience.Conclusion: Barriers to insomnia treatment should be seen in light of the patient, physician and social system. These barriers do not operate in isolation, but interact and influence each other. Comprehensive programs to overcome barriers to insomnia treatment are recommended in the development of person-centered approaches to the management of insomnia.
Patient experience as measured with the brief CQI: an evaluation
Authors: Linszen David F E , De Beurs Edwin
Published: June 2018

Rationale, aims and objectives: The psychometric qualities of the brief Consumer Quality-Index (CQI), a shortened version of the regular CQI, which measures patient experience, were tested in a large dataset.Method: The brief CQI for mental healthcare (MHC) is aimed at measuring patient experience through a self-report questionnaire. It consists of 19 items, distributed over 8 factors. The reliability and validity (dimensional structure) of the questionnaire were examined, as well as the effect of completing the test anonymously. Also, several indicators of the CQI were compared on their concurrent validity: the total score, the Net Promoter Score (NPS) and the overall judgment (a single item score). The study uses observational data, collected through ROM at the post-test, after the treatment was concluded, by MHC institutes and provided on a monthly basis to the Foundation of Benchmarking Mental Health Care (Stichting Benchmark GGZ), our national benchmark institute. The data set consists of N = 38,131 respondents. The population is composed of patients with common mental disorders and behavioral or addictive disorders. Results: The results show that the CQI total score has satisfactory psychometric properties, but some subscales require improvement as only 2 showed a desired alpha-value. The reliability of the other subscales may be improved by adding extra items. The total score proved to be a better indicator of the CQI than the overall judgment and the NPS. Anonymous completion resulted in somewhat lower scores than non-anonymous completion, although the effect size of this difference was small.Conclusions: Based on the results of this study several improvements for the brief CQI are recommended. Further research should investigate the question as to whether patient characteristics are predictive for the judgment on the CQI. Also, differences between MHC providers in patient experience according to the CQI should be examined.
Editor's Note: Awards Always Get Me
Authors: Verbeten Sharon
Published: June 2018

I’m an awards show junkie. I’m just going to put that out there.I love watching the Emmy Awards. I have Academy Awards parties. I’ll even watch the ESPYs, though I have little interest in sports. I love the suspense . . . the pomp . . . the circumstance. It’s little wonder then that I’m just as enthralled when I attend the Youth Media Awards announcements.
Gêneros televisivos, referência e atualização: o Jornal Nacional e o Balanço Geral ES
Authors: Henriques Rafael Da Silva Paes , Leite Juliana Benichio
Published: June 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar os modos de endereçamento de dois telejornais bastante distintos: o Jornal Nacional e o Balanço Geral ES. A ideia é identificar de que maneira esses produtos atualizam o subgênero telejornal, na medida em que repetem e reforçam aquilo que já está consolidado como sendo “o que se espera ver em um telejornal”, ao mesmo tempo em que constroem um estilo próprio que os diferenciam dos demais telejornais, garantindo suas especificidades. Nosso corpus de análise é formado por 28 edições completas, o que equivale a duas semanas de exibição dos dois telejornais: do dia 17 ao dia 24 de outubro de 2015.
Brasilidade romântico-revolucionária: o cinema novo e a busca da identidade nacional
Authors: Dantas José Guibson Delgado , Rodrigues Gárdia
Published: June 2018

Neste trabalho, é apresentado um olhar sobre a configuração do cinema brasileiro nos anos 1960. Para tanto, esse olhar é construído a partir da observação dos desdobramentos do sentimento de brasilidade romântico-revolucionária forjado e compartilhado pelos meios artísticos e culturais em voga à época, mais especificamente, pelos integrantes do Cinema Novo. Nesse sentido, é analisada a imbricação entre processos estético-cultural e político-social e a correlata busca pela identidade nacional no cinema.
EL BURNOUT EN LOS PROFESIONALES DE LA EDUCACIÓN QUE TRABAJAN CON PERSONAS CON DISCAPACIDAD EN CÓRDOBA (ESPAÑA). INFLUENCIA DE LAS VARIABLES LABORALES
Authors: Ruiz-Calzado Inmaculada , Llorent Vicente J.
Published: June 2018

Esta investigación examina la relación entre el Burnout y sus dimensiones (agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y realización personal), y las características laborales de los profesionales que trabajan con personas con discapacidad en Córdoba. Se trata de un estudio de prevalencia, descriptivo y transversal. La muestra seleccionada consta de 157 profesionales que trabajan en centros y en empresas de atención a personas con discapacidad en Córdoba.Los resultados han evidenciado que existe un elevado nivel de Burnout generalizado. Y atendiendo a los variables laborales, se ha obtenido que los profesionales con 21 años o más de experiencia, padecen más  Burnout que los más inexpertos. Los profesionales con contrato indefinido en su empresa presentan niveles más elevados de Burnout que los definidos. Los profesionales que llevan 21 años o más en el puesto de trabajo actual, padecen más Burnout que el grupo que lleva 5 años o menos, y además, estos profesionales con mucho tiempo trabajado en la misma empresa, también muestran niveles más elevados de Burnout que los profesionales con poco tiempo, 5 años o menos.Estos resultados confirman estudios previos (Barrera, Malagón y Sarasola, 2015), y han permitido identificar que más de la mitad de los trabajadores presentan elevados niveles de Burnout. Al tratarse de un tema crucial para el profesional del ámbito de la discapacidad, para la empresa y también para la sociedad, se debe insistir en esta línea de investigación para favorecer la reducción del Burnout en este colectivo.
LA INSERCIÓN LABORAL EN LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR. LA PERSPECTIVA LATINOAMERICANA
Authors: García-Blanco Miriam , Cárdenas Sempértegui Elsa Beatriz
Published: June 2018

Las relaciones entre la universidad y el mundo del trabajo son elementos clave en el debate educativo a nivel superior. Este trabajo analiza los aspectos que explican la inserción laboral de los graduados universitarios en Latinoamérica, los vínculos entre Educación Superior y el mercado laboral. Inicialmente se estudian dos términos muy cercanos en este ámbito, como son inserción laboral y empleabilidad, para continuar con la descripción y valoración de informes que han sido el punto de partida en el desarrollo de estos estudios a nivel internacional, con el propósito de obtener aspectos relevantes que aportan directrices en el tema para las instituciones universitarias. El trabajo se apoya en la metodología descriptiva de análisis de contenidos para extraer los aspectos significativos, sistematizarlos y lograr obtener una amplia visión de lo que sucede en este ámbito en las instituciones educativas a nivel superior en Latinoamérica.
PERCEPCIÓN SOBRE EL PLAGIO ACADÉMICO DE ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS ESPAÑOLES
Authors: Cebrián-Robles Violeta , Raposo-Rivas Manuela , Cebrián-de-la-Serna Manuel , Sarmiento-Campos José Antonio
Published: June 2018

Los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje cada vez más digitalizados han convertido Internet en la principal fuente de información en las universidades. La facilidad para el acceso a la información puede ir acompañada de prácticas fraudulentas como el plagio. Por ello, la finalidad del estudio es conocer el origen de las causas y motivaciones que poseen los estudiantes universitarios españoles; así como establecer un modelo que permita categorizarlas y que aporte explicación teórica a los datos empíricos. Con un diseño de investigación correlacional causal y utilizando como instrumento de medida un cuestionario ad hoc, se indaga sobre qué prácticas considera que son deshonestas, si ha realizado alguna vez estas prácticas y el motivo principal. Participan 461 estudiantes universitarios de Educación (grado y máster) pertenecientes a cinco universidades españolas. A partir del análisis factorial exploratorio se identifica un factor relativo al concepto de plagio, dos sobre ¿qué hacen? y tres factores en ¿por qué lo hacen? Con ello, se realiza un análisis factorial confirmatorio del modelo empírico basado en el tipo de relación que, según el alumnado, se produce entre el concepto de plagio y sus elementos constitutivos, las acciones consideradas plagio que realizan y los diversos motivos para llevarlas a cabo. Se obtiene un modelo ajustado según los índices estadísticos: Chi cuadrado normalizado (1,9), bondad del ajuste (0,97), bondad del ajuste corregido (0,97), ajuste comparativo (0,95), error de aproximación cuadrático medio (0,045) y criterio informativo de Akaike (mucho más bajo que el del modelo independiente). Se concluye identificando un patrón en el que a pesar de conocer lo que es el «plagio» y sus consecuencias, se justifican tres motivos interrelacionados para plagiar: «internos» a la persona, «externos» a ella y la falta de motivación e interés por la tarea planteada.
¿POR QUÉ ABANDONAN LOS ALUMNOS UNIVERSITARIOS? VARIABLES DE INFLUENCIA EN EL PLANTEAMIENTO Y CONSOLIDACIÓN DEL ABANDONO
Authors: Tuero Herrero Ellián , Cervero Antonio , Esteban María , Bernardo Ana
Published: June 2018

Introducción. Actualmente entre los aspectos que más interés suscitan en el ámbito educativo se encuentra conocer las causas que llevan al alumnado a abandonar sus estudios universitarios. El fin común no es otro que tratar de desarrollar medidas preventivas para corregir tal proceso. Sin embargo, pese a los trabajos existentes sobre ello, son escasos los estudios nacionales que han tratado de determinar las variables que mayores correlaciones presentan con el planteamiento de abandono y los procesos decisorios de su consolidación posterior. Con el objetivo de arrojar más luz sobre esto, se ha estudiado en profundidad el caso de los alumnos de una universidad del norte de España.Método. Para ello se desarrolló una investigación ex-post-facto de estudio descriptivo e inferencial. La muestra estuvo conformada por 1.055  estudiantes, pertenecientes a distintas áreas de conocimiento, que comenzaron sus carreras en el curso 2010/2011 en dicha universidad. Para la recogida de datos fue elaborado un cuestionario ad hoc con 36 ítem. Resultados. Los análisis de la cohorte de nuevo ingreso refieren que un porcentaje alto del alumnado de la muestra (31.5%) se ha planteado abandonar la carrera universitaria, consolidando su idea más de la mitad de los alumnos de dicha muestra (17.0%). Los resultados de este estudio también permiten dar respuesta al objetivo principal. Así, se destacan como las variables más relevantes en el planteamiento y consolidación del abandono, respectivamente y en orden de importancia: el rendimiento temprano del alumno, su tiempo de trabajo no académico (doméstico y/o remunerado), la vinculación mantenida con los docentes, las expectativas generadas sobre los contenidos, el uso de técnicas de estudio y la orientación recibida. Discusión. Estos resultados son congruentes con los obtenidos en estudios previos y hacen patente la necesidad de llevar a cabo una actuación global por parte de las instituciones educativas que debería dar comienzo en Educación Secundaria.
Étude exploratoire sur la rédaction et l’utilisation de scénarios sociauxMD par des mères d’enfants ayant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme
Authors: Nadeau Émilie , Goupil Georgette
Published: June 2018

Élaboré par Gray et Garand (1993), le scénario social™
est une méthode d’intervention utilisée auprès des enfants ayant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA). Cette courte histoire lue à ou par l’enfant lui apprend comment se comporter dans un contexte spécifique. Plusieurs recherches rapportent des résultats positifs associés aux scénarios sociaux. Toutefois, celles-ci se concentrent en milieu scolaire ou clinique et impliquent peu les parents. Cette étude exploratoire vise à appliquer un programme de formation concernant le scénario social à l’intention des parents d’enfants ayant un TSA. Quatre mères ont participé au programme de formation et ont réalisé un scénario social pour leur enfant. Les résultats montrent que les mères sont satisfaites de leur expérience et estiment avoir appris les étapes de rédaction et d’application du scénario social. Cet article décrit les modalités d’application du programme de formation concernant le scénario social, les perceptions des mères sur les effets de ce dernier et leurs recommandations quant à l’amélioration du programme.
The CCB-ID approach to tree species mapping with airborne imaging spectroscopy
Authors: Anderson Christopher B
Published: June 2018

Background. Biogeographers assess how species distributions and abundances affect the structure, function, and composition of ecosystems. Yet we face a major challenge: it is difficult to precisely map species across landscapes. Novel Earth observations could obviate this challenge. Airborne imaging spectrometers measure plant functional traits at high resolution, and these measurements can be used to identify tree species. Plant traits are often highly conserved within species, and highly variable between species, which provides the biophysical basis for species mapping. In this paper I describe a trait-based approach to species identification with imaging spectroscopy, CCB-ID, which was developed as part of a NIST-sponsored ecological data science evaluation (ECODSE).

Methods. These methods were developed using NEON airborne imaging spectroscopy data. CCB-ID classifies tree species using trait-based reflectance variation and decision tree-based machine learning models, approximating a morphological trait and dichotomous key method traditionally used in botanical classification. First, outliers were removed using a spectral variance threshold. The remaining samples were transformed using principal components analysis and resampled by species to reduce common species biases. Gradient boosting and random forest classifiers were trained using the transformed and resampled feature data. Prediction probabilities were then calibrated using sigmoid regression, and sample-scale predictions were averaged to the crown scale.

Results. This approach performed well according to the competition metrics, receiving a rank-1 accuracy score of 0.919, and a cross-entropy cost score of 0.447 on the test data. Accuracy and specificity scores were high for all species, but precision and recall scores were variable for rare species. PCA transformation improved accuracy scores compared to models trained using reflectance data, but outlier removal and data resampling exacerbated class imbalance problems.

Discussion. CCB-ID accurately classified tree species using NEON imaging spectroscopy data, reporting the best classification scores among participants. However, it failed to overcome several well-known species mapping challenges, like precisely identifying rare species. Key takeaways include (1) training models to maximize metrics beyond accuracy (e.g. recall) could improve rare species predictions, (2) within-genus trait variation may drive spectral separability, precluding efforts to distinguish between functionally convergent species, (3) outlier removal and data resampling exacerbated class imbalance problems, and should be carefully implemented, (4) PCA transformation greatly improved model results, and (5) feature selection could further improve species classification models. CCB-ID is open source, designed for use with NEON data, and available to support future species mapping efforts.
NEON NIST data science evaluation challenge: methods and results of team FEM
Authors: Dalponte Michele , Frizzera Lorenzo , Gianelle Damiano
Published: June 2018

An international data science challenge, called NEON NIST data science evaluation, was set up in autumn 2017 with the goal to improve the use of remote sensing data in ecological applications. The competition was divided into three tasks: 1) segmentation of tree crowns; 2) data alignment; and 3) tree species classification. In this paper the methods and results of team FEM in the NEON NIST data science evaluation challenge are presented. The individual tree crown (ITC) segmentation (Task 1 of the challenge) was done using a region growing method applied to a near-infrared band of the hyperspectral images. The optimization of the parameters of the segmentation algorithm was done in a supervised way on the basis of the Jaccard score using the training set provided by the organizers. The alignment (Task 2) between the segmented ITCs and the ground measured trees was done using an Euclidean distance among the position, the height, and the crown radius of the ITCs and the ground trees. The classification (Task 3) was performed using a Support Vector Machine classifier applied to a selection of the hyperspectral bands. The selection of the bands was done using a Sequential Forward Floating Selection method and the Jeffries Matusita distance. The results in the three tasks were very promising: team FEM ranked first in Task 1 and 2, and second in Task 3. The segmentation results showed that the proposed approach segmented both small and large crowns. The alignment was correctly done for all the test samples. The classification results were good, even if the accuracy was biased towards the most represented species.
The cJUN NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway promotes genome stability and prevents tumor initiation
Authors: Girnius Nomeda , Edwards Yvonne JK , Garlick David S , Davis Roger J
Published: June 2018

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in women. Analysis of breast cancer genomic DNA indicates frequent loss-of-function mutations in components of the cJUN NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. Since JNK signaling can promote cell proliferation by activating the AP1 transcription factor, this apparent association of reduced JNK signaling with tumor development was unexpected. We examined the effect of JNK deficiency in the murine breast epithelium. Loss of JNK signaling caused genomic instability and the development of breast cancer. Moreover, JNK deficiency caused widespread early neoplasia and rapid tumor formation in a murine model of breast cancer. This tumor suppressive function was not mediated by a role of JNK in the growth of established tumors, but by a requirement of JNK to prevent tumor initiation. Together, these data identify JNK pathway defects as ‘driver’ mutations that promote genome instability and tumor initiation.
Characterisation of molecular motions in cryo-EM single-particle data by multi-body refinement in RELION
Authors: Nakane Takanori , Kimanius Dari , Lindahl Erik , Scheres Sjors HW
Published: June 2018

Macromolecular complexes that exhibit continuous forms of structural flexibility pose a challenge for many existing tools in cryo-EM single-particle analysis. We describe a new tool, called multi-body refinement, which models flexible complexes as a user-defined number of rigid bodies that move independently from each other. Using separate focused refinements with iteratively improved partial signal subtraction, the new tool generates improved reconstructions for each of the defined bodies in a fully automated manner. Moreover, using principal component analysis on the relative orientations of the bodies over all particle images in the data set, we generate movies that describe the most important motions in the data. Our results on two test cases, a cytoplasmic ribosome from Plasmodium falciparum, and the spliceosomal B-complex from yeast, illustrate how multi-body refinement can be useful to gain unique insights into the structure and dynamics of large and flexible macromolecular complexes.
Medi(c)ation Work in the Emergency Department: Making Standardized Practice Work
Authors: Reichenpfader Ursula , Wickström Anette , Nilsen Per , Abrandt Dahlgren Madeleine , Carlfjord Siw
Published: June 2018

Medication review, the systematic examination of an individual patient’s medicines in order to improve medication therapy, has been advocated as an important patient safety measure. Despite widespread use, little is known about how medication review is conducted when implemented in routine health care. Drawing from an ethnographic case study in a Swedish emergency department and using a practice-based approach, we examine how medication review is practically accomplished and how knowledge is mobilized in everyday practice. We show how physicians construct and negotiate medication safety through situated practices and thereby generate knowledge through mundane activities. We illustrate the centrality of practitioners’ collective reflexive work when co-constructing meaning and argue here that practitioners’ local adaptations can serve as important prerequisites to make “standardized” practice function in everyday work. Organizations need to build a practical capacity to support practitioners’ work-based learning in messy and time-pressured  health care  settings.