bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Asset pricing and network topology
Authors:   , Eng-uthaiwat Harnchai
Published: September 2023

This dissertation provides new empirical evidence for the relationship between network structure and asset returns in US, international markets, and Thailand. Previous studies find that a network of return correlations provides the meaningful economic taxonomy of the equity market. This finding makes the network structure a suitable channel through which an idiosyncratic shock propagates. This network feature can eliminate or amplify the idiosyncratic shock on the system-wide level. Therefore, the diversifying argument of the capital asset pricing models is not always true as the idiosyncratic shock becomes more significant when interacting with the network measures. Based on this idiosyncratic shock propagation concept, this dissertation incorporates the measures of interconnectedness and centrality into the asset pricing models. In this dissertation, a stock network is constructed from the Pearson correlation matrix of stock returns that is filtered by a network algorithm. Unlike the unfiltered matrix, the filtered one contains only the essential information about the interrelationships. More importantly, it enables us to create a refined network of which many network characteristics can be quantified. The important network characteristics used in this dissertation are network topology and stock centrality. The network topology reflects the pattern of interconnections which may be integrated into a star-like network or even dispersing into a chain-like network. Each pattern has different ability to facilitate the idiosyncratic shock propagation. The stock centrality reflects the relative influence of the stock in two directions. The first direction is the stock’s ability to influence the other stocks in the network while the other direction is its vulnerability to propagated shocks. The key finding of this dissertation is that the measures of network structure are statistically significant to explain or predict asset returns. In the US market, I study the stocks listed in S&P500 and find that the network topology, measured by diameter, works together with the idiosyncratic risk, measured by average stock variance, to predict returns on the market portfolio. Furthermore, on the international financial markets, the network measures have power to predict the probability of extreme negative returns when working with the idiosyncratic risk measure which is average volatility of stock market returns. Lastly, in Stock Exchange of Thailand, I find that the portfolios formed by the network criteria earn abnormal returns that cannot be explained by the capital asset pricing model. The high systematic-important firms have lower returns than the low ones. The firms with high fragility level have higher returns than the others. Moreover, the network centrality may be useful in explaining the cross-sectional expected returns in Thailand.
A Study Of Informal Loan In The Greater Bangkok Area: Fators Affecting Loan Decision And Interest Rate From The Demand Side
Authors:   , Tanomchat Wichyada
Published: September 2023

This thesis examines the likelihood of borrowing money from the informal credit market, the significant factors influencing the informal interest rates, and the factors which affect people’s decision on going back to rely on informal credit of individuals over 20+ years of age in four provinces, including Bangkok and Greater Bangkok, in Thailand. The survey uses a multi-stage stratified random sampling method by the weight of populations in each province for analysis with a quota sampling technique. The data used in the study is collected from 1,494 respondents by questionnaires.

The results suggest that (i) luxury spending behavior, income levels, debt-to-income ratio, net monthly income, saving discipline, and the presence of monthly income and expense accounts are consistent with favorable decision-making for a loan from the informal credit market, (ii)  the study of correlation between the characteristics of the informal borrowers and the rates shows that the level of the lender’s influence and high levels of familiarity between the informal lenders and borrowers were found to be highly correlated with the interest rates. Moreover, the debt-to-income ratio also affects the rates, (iii) consistent saving, net monthly income, income payment on daily and weekly basis, installments, materialism, and impulsive buying behavior affect the likelihood of making repeated informal loans.
A Tree-Based Collision Resolution Algorithm for RFID using Bayesian Tag Estimation
Authors:   , Wijayasekara Sanika
Published: September 2023

Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) is a promising wireless object identifying technology which uses radio frequency waves to transmit data between an RFID reader and tags. The RFID systems have been effectively applied in different areas, like manufacturing, healthcare, supply chain, transportation and agriculture. Despite the vast deployment of the RFID technology in practice, the inherent RFID tag collision problem still persists as a serious concern and remains a challenge. The tag collision problem happens when some tags in reader’s vicinity try to transmit data to a reader simultaneously without priori coordination. The existing RFID Electronic Product Code (EPC) Class 1 Generation 2 (Gen 2) industrial standard family uses the Q algorithm as its anti-collision protocol to resolve the tag collision problem. As the Q algorithm relies on the concept of ALOHA protocols, the achievable maximum system efficiency is only around 34%.

In this thesis, we propose two novel anti-collision protocols, namely Bayesian Estimation based Modified Dynamic Tree (BE-MDT) and Binary Splitting Modified Dynamic Tree (BS-MDT), which outperform all existing anti-collision protocols. Both protocols use two phases of operations, i.e., estimate the amount of tags in the system and identify all of them. In the first phase of BE-MDT, we propose a slotted ALOHA based Bayesian tags estimation method which can accumulate the prior knowledge in each slot to estimate the amount of tags in the system and decide the initial frame size to use in the second phase. In the second phase of BE-MDT, we introduce Modified Dynamic Tree (MDT) algorithm which takes the estimated frame size in the first phase as the initial frame and follow by a definite collision skip binary tree algorithm to identify the tags. In our second algorithm, which is BS-MDT, we follow a binary splitting-based tag estimation method in the first phase and use the MDT algorithm in the second phase with a technique to estimate the initial frame size to maximize the system efficiency for any range of tags.

We also present the mathematical models for each algorithm to determine the system efficiency and time system efficiency. The mathematical models are validated through computer simulations. Numerical results confirm that the BE-MDT achieve the system efficiency of 45% and the time system efficiency is 78%, whereas the BS-MDT achieves the system efficiency of 46% and the time system efficiency of 80%.
DETERMINATION OF WASTE TREATMENT FEE PRICING MECHANISM FOR MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE BY MECHANICAL BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT METHOD UTILISING THE PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP MODEL IN THAILAND
Authors:   , Raj Adrian
Published: September 2023

Private participation in the development of municipal solid waste treatment projects through public-private partnership models accelerate the implementation of sustainable treatment technologies such as Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) facilities within developing countries without creating excessive burden to government infrastructure investment. The introduction of preset pricing mechanism to regulate potential waste treatment fee structure based on pre-determined project internal rate-of-return mitigates multi-party risks, such as the potential developer project losses or the opportunity to profiteer. Research encompasses technical assessment of project requirements for implementation of required technologies, commercial analysis of project capital expenditure (CAPEX), operational expenditure (OPEX) and assessment of revenue streams of the facility. Computer simulation of commercial data computes the case study of a 600 tonne per day MBT facility’s first-year waste treatment fee of THB 546.00, THB 709.00 and THB 890.00 based on pre-determined project internal rate of returns of 8.00%, 10.00% and 12.00% respectively. Macroeconomic data influences within pricing mechanism determines long-term effects to facility pricing fee structure to further mitigate project commercial risks.
Establishing a luggage handling service company
Authors:   , Prasertrungreung Anan
Published: September 2023

Luggage delivery service has never existed in Thailand officially but already established in another country such as Japan. However, this service has a potential to be a very good service as it could benefit to traveler which Thailand has welcomed more than 30m of them per annum but the model from another country could not be implement directly to Thailand. By developing the model, this service will fit to Thai’s market.

         There are many risks that researcher has to consider before starting the business to avoid or prevent risks into the business. Moreover, this study will not limit only the result as it feasibility but also its sustainability and scalability
USE TRANSFORMATION PROCESS OF SHOPHOUSES: A CASE STUDY OF THA TIEN’S SHOPHOUSE, BANGKOK
Authors:   , Boonprasong Peeraya
Published: September 2023

In the changing urban context, proposing new uses for historic buildings such shophouses has mould a constraint to place identity when the application of utilisation is grounded on tendencies of demand and consumerism. The historic urban fabric, as a particular physicality of activity and experience in which meaning is interpreted through a sense of place and authenticity, is disturbed by misuse and excessive growth from the new concept of uses. The study of use transformation is to comprehend the capability of responsive behaviour to place bonding, when use is transforming by internal and external influences e.g. life course, repossession, honourability, obsolescence, and opportunity. A case study of Tha Tien, an area that was thriving since the establishment of the Rattanakosin Island, is to represent uses of shophouses that are evolutionally altering to requirements of urban life. The theoretical framework is developed from understanding of behavioural reaction towards re-making place. The measurement method is conducted from the process of reuse emerging with the construction of meaning during the process of place. The data were gained from a survey of shophouses, behavioural observations and semi-structured interviews with occupants in Tha Tien. Issues contributing to use transformation are analysed and synthesised with the place attachment, incorporating placemaking, urban anthropology and adaptability, in which concept, method and process impact to physical setting and meaning of place through perspective of re-making place. The dissertation is concluded that use transformation does not eliminate the meaning of place but rather constructs the meaningfulness of utilisation by changing of uses and experiences as a creative identity of physical setting and meaning process.
PURCHASING STRATEGY FOR REFURBISHED GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY INSTRUMENTS
Authors:   , Panleng Chamaiporn
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study is to develop purchasing strategy for procurement of used Gas Chromatography (GC) instrument for refurbishing in order to enhance company’s competitive advantages. The purchasing strategy study is developed by 5 steps, which are (1) analysis of spending data, (2) determining customer requirements, (3) assessing supply market, (4) formulating purchasing strategy, and (5) executing and refining strategy. The purchasing strategy consists of (1) vision, (2) mission, (3) objectives, (4) action plans, and (5) key performance indicators. Implementation on the case study company was done by applying Leagile purchasing portfolio model and assemble-to-order systems, as well as established guidance for selecting qualified suppliers and sourcing. Moreover, the inventory is controlled by stock cards. The results of this paper show that the case study company is able to (1) reduce cost for refurbished GC instrument approximately by 10.35%, (2) set a standard purchasing process, and (3) qualify 3 main suppliers. This study provides guidelines for similar purchasing for other purchases in the future.
PLASTIC LUMP DEFECT REDUCTION IN RECYCLED PLASTIC PELLETS MANUFACTURING
Authors:   , Paiboonkasemsut Raroopthip
Published: September 2023

Based on the current situation, the case study company has been confronted with a large number of plastic lump defects within the process resulting in a higher production cost. Therefore, the purpose of carrying out this research project is to minimise the percentage defect rate of plastic lumps in the pelletising process by implementing Six Sigma DMAIC methodology along with quality control tools and Design of Experiment. In define phase, the process improvement team are formed and the purpose and scope of the research are set. For measure phase, Cause and Effect Diagram, Cause and Effect Matrix, Failure Mode Effects Analysis and Pareto chart are conducted through brainstorming technique in order to find the root causes of plastic lumps. In analyse phase, the quality tool and statistical technique such as affinity diagram and Design of Experiment will be applied in order to solve the root causes of plastic lumps. The root causes found in the previous phase are wrong screen pack, incorrect temperature, inadequate screw speed, lack of maintenance and lack of training. By using the Design of Experiment, the optimal parameters were found. Moreover, the work instruction which consists of operational procedure and preventive maintenance schedule are created in order to solve the problem of lack of training and lack of maintenance. For improve phase, the new parameters are implemented together with work instruction within the prescribed time. Then, control chart is created in the control phase in order to see change in the process. The result shows the percentage defect rate of plastic lump is reduced from 4.85% to just only 2.30%.
L2 ACQUISITION OF WH-OPERATOR MOVEMENT IN ENGLISH OPEN INTERROGATIVES BY L1 THAI LEARNERS: A CASE OF THE FAILED FUNCTIONAL FEATURES HYPOTHESIS
Authors:   , Kunanupatham Pairoj
Published: September 2023

Based on the Failed Functional Features Hypothesis (FFFH) (Hawkins and Chan, 1997), the current study aims at investigating L1 Thai learners’ acquisition of the wh-operator movement in English open interrogatives. Two primary objectives included (1) to explore whether the wh-operator movement in English can be acquired by L1 Thai learners and (2) to account for the data by the FFFH. Due to the non-existence of the strong uninterpretable [uwh] feature in Thai, it is hypothesized that L1 Thai learners of English fail to acquire English open interrogatives by means of the operator movement and that variability in English open interrogatives is evident in both production and perception. A Question Formation Task (QFT) and A Grammaticality Judgement Task (GJT) were administered to 20 intermediate and 20 advanced L1 Thai learners. The findings revealed that, despite their low suppliance rates of resumptive pronouns in the QFT, both L2 groups persistently failed to detect the presence of resumptive pronouns in the GJT, with the rejection rates remarkably lower than those of the native controls. Moreover, their use and judgement of resumptive pronouns were rather unsystematic; that is, they seemed to produce or accept open interrogatives irrespective of the presence of resumptive pronouns, which may be ascribed to the fact that the Thai language allows the resumptive strategy in some structures such as the relative construction. In addition, an asymmetry between subject extraction and object extraction was found in the learner data, possibly owing to processing difficulties posed by the former. The study, therefore, concludes that L1 Thai learners cannot acquire the wh-operator movement in English, driven by the strong uninterpretable [uwh] feature absent in Thai, lending vigorous support to the FFFH and, thus, the proposal that Universal Grammar (UG) is partially available to adult L2 learners.
The impact of language assessment literacy training on EFL university lecturers’ language assessment literacy, efficacy and practice of student self-assessment
Authors:   , Thong-iam Nattharmma
Published: September 2023

The literature suggested that limited assessment literacy in the use of SSA has led to insufficient use of SSA in Thai tertiary EFL classrooms. This study examined the current assessment practice, assessment literacy, and assessment efficacy in the use of SSA of the EFL lecturers who were serving at the nine Rajamangala Universities (RMUTs) and the effect of assessment literacy training on the assessment literacy, assessment efficacy, and assessment practice in the use of SSA among four EFL lecturers from one particular Rajamangala University. In this study, the researcher utilised mixed-methods research, a paradigm in which she drew on data from the questionnaire survey of 163 respondents, augmented with the data from a semi-structured interview with 48 interview informants. It was found that the lecturers at the nine RMUTs had moderate levels of assessment literacy and assessment efficacy in the use of SSA. Identification of emergent themes in the training participants’ responses provided crucial information relevant to the continuous, job-embedded assessment literacy training in the use of SSA, from which the lecturers improved and increased their levels of assessment literacy and assessment efficacy while applying assessment practice in the use of SSA in their classrooms. The training was found to be meaningful to the lecturers at the nine RMUTs, particularly with regard to the following aspects: the opportunity to share goals regarding assessment practice in the use of SSA, the provision of resources and support, implementation and hands-on experience of SSA in classrooms, and collaboration in a learning community.
Enhancing Learner Autonomy amongst Young EFL Learners in a Rural Area: An Ethnographic Study and Praxis Interventions
Authors:   , Pichailuck Pantipa
Published: September 2023

Learner Autonomy (LA) is acknowledged as being beneficial to EFL education, particularly in rural areas where resources are scarce. However, LA enhancement should be implemented with careful consideration to the context. This study consisted of two parts. The first part, the ethnographic study, aimed to (1) explore the awareness of LA among the stakeholders including the administrators, English teachers, guardians and local community, and (2) to explore the meanings and patterns of LA among young EFL learners in a rural school in Northeastern Thailand. This part is a qualitative study combining the data collection methods of non-intrusive and participation observations, interviews, diary writing, field notes and analysis of documents and students’ assignments in English of the 37 fifth graders and their stakeholders. The findings revealed that the stakeholders welcomed the concept in theory, but were not familiar with its practices. Meanwhile, most young EFL learners were found to possess readiness and willingness regarding their beliefs, attitudes, optimism and motivation to embrace LA. However, they were markedly lacking in cognitive and metacognitive abilities. Accordingly, praxis interventions (PIs) of learner and teacher developments were constructed to (3) implement and evaluate how the PIs could help to enhance LA in the rural school. The PIs consisted of a project-based learning (PBL) course for all the 149 sixth graders for one hour per week in one semester and counseling program only for the 10 focal participants selected by purposive sampling, while the four English teachers participated in a workshop and field trip. The PBL course utilized the already existing textbook, Projects: Play & Learn. In addition to the aforementioned qualitative data collection methods, the quantitative national exams (ONETs) pretest and posttest scores and one questionnaire were used to evaluate the focal participants and the teachers respectively. The results showed that all students were receptive to PBL and LA enhancement, while the English teachers’ morale still needed boosting. The national standardized achievement test, ONET 2015, showed higher average scores for all Grade 6 students treated with PBL as well as for the ten focal participants. This was the first time that the average of the school ONET scores became higher than the national average in 3 years. It was concluded that through the PIs rural teachers could make the most of existing resources sensitized to the context to gradually enhance LA in young EFL learners leading to a higher achievement in their learning. Meanwhile the young EFL learners should be enhanced to take charge of their own learning and develop a sense of agency to overcome their socioeconomic and academic disadvantages in a rural area.
Effects of the genre-based writing instructional module in a blended learning environment on english writing ability and thinking skills of thai undergraduate students
Authors:   , Visser Patricia
Published: September 2023

The study aim (1) to develop the genre-based writing instructional module in a blended learning environment, (2) to investigate the students’ writing ability after implementing the genre-based writing instructional module in a blended learning environment, (3) to investigate the students’ thinking skills after implementing the genre-based writing instructional module in a blended learning environment, (4) to investigate the relationship between writing ability and thinking skills, and (5) to investigate the students’ attitude toward using genre-based writing instructional module in a blended learning environment. Thirty-five first-year undergraduate students in Srinakharinwirot University were chosen as the sample group.

The study was a single group design using qualitative and quantitative methods. It took 15 weeks for data collection.

The findings revealed that: 1) there was a significant improvement of the participants’ English writing ability after taking after taking GWIMBLE at; 2) there was a significant improvement of the participants’ thinking skills after taking GWIMBLE at; 3) there was a positive relationship between the students’ writing ability and thinking skill; and 4) the students had positive attitudes toward the genre-based writing instructional module in a blended learning environment. The study indicated that the GWIMBLE benefited the students’ writing ability and improved their thinking skills.
The Effects Of English Accented Speeches, Specific Content Knowledge, And Test-taking Strategies On Listening Comprehension Of High And Low Efl Achievers
Authors:   , Sukpan Pornchanok
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to examine (1) the effects of three main variables: English-accented speeches, specific content knowledge, and test-taking strategies on listening comprehension of high and low EFL learners. It also investigated (2) the relationship among these three variables on listening comprehension of high and low EFL achievers, and (3) the attitudes of both high and low EFL achievers towards English-accented speech. Eighty third-year university students from the Faculty of Communication Arts were purposively selected and classified into two different English proficiency groups: high and low regarding the z score of ±1 on the average grades of two prerequisite English courses. There were three types of research instruments: a listening comprehension test, two sets of questionnaires: test-taking strategies and English-accented speech attitudes, and a retrospective semi-structured interview. Repeated measures analysis of Variance (ANOVA), the paired sample t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficients were used for analyzing quantitative data. The qualitative data from the interview was proceeded by the content analysis.

The results revealed (1) a statistically significant impact of English accented speeches, specific content knowledge, and test taking strategies on listening comprehension of EFL achievers. ฺAdditionally, high EFL achievers reported more test taking strategies than low EFL achievers. (2) It was also found the relationship among three main variables on listening comprehension of high and low EFL achievers at the significant level. Finally, the result showed (3) a statistically significant difference among the attitudinal mean ratings of English accented speeches by both high and low EFL learners. The study provides more insights into assessing listening comprehension when some characteristics of listening stimuli and learners are different. It also suggests that the development of the listening comprehension test must be in line with the appropriate criteria of selecting English accented speeches, specific content knowledge, and test items associated with the use of test-taking strategies relevant to the construct and objective of class instruction and language testing.
The Development Of An English Essay Writing Course Based On The Self-monitoring And Peer Feedback Strategies For Thai Undergraduate English For International Communication Students
Authors:   , Weerathai Thanakorn
Published: September 2023

The objectives of this study were (1) to investigate the needs of English essay writing skills of Thai undergraduate English for Intermational Communication students and their teachers, (2) to develop an English essay writing course based on the SMPFS to enhance English essay writing performance of English for International Communication students, (3) to investigate the effectiveness of the course developed based on the SMPFS, and (4) to explore the students' attitudes toward the course developed based on the SMPFS.

In this mixed methods study, it comprised of three phases: needs analysis, course development, and main study. This study was conducted with 30 third-year undergraduate English for International Communication students who were required to take an English essay writing course in the first academic year 2016 at Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Khon Kaen Campus. To evaluate the effectiveness of the course, the scores from the pre- and post-expository essay writing test and students’ annotations and peer feedback were compared. Moreover, a four-point Likert scale attitude questionnaire, semi-structured interview, student log, and teacher log were used to find out the students’ attitudes toward the course. Results revealed that the course was somewhat effective as the post-test, the annotation, and the peer feedback scores significantly improved (t = 8.68; p = .000), (t = 7.53; p = .000) and (t = 3.10; p = .002) respectively. In addition, the students viewed the SMPFS course positively, stating that it helped to develop critical reading skills and opened up their horizons to collaborative process writing. Although this course may have benefitted students of higher proficiency level in particular, it is recommended to introduce the self-monitoring and peer feedback strategies to learners of all levels as it serves as a springboard to honing self-monitoring skills as well as critiquing skills in writing classes.
Roles of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium in biological nitrogen removal system
Authors:   , Chutivisut Pokchat
Published: September 2023

Biological nitrogen removal system is a wastewater treatment process that normally utilizes nitrification-denitrification to convert nitrogen wastes to unharmful gaseous products. However, apart from these two pathways, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) can also compete with denitrification for nitrate and yield ammonium waste as the end product. The aim of this research is to extend knowledge on the DNRA pathway, including the study on its occurrence and microorganisms responsible for the process. To observe the presence of DNRA, microbial sludge from aquacultures which utilized biological nitrogen removal processes was applied to examine the pathway of DNRA in these systems. The results revealed that the two microbial sludge from low and high C/NO3- aquaculture systems performed DNRA with different inducers, i.e. nitrate and nitrite. The addition of sulfide was found to enhance ammonium production in the low C/NO3- sludge, whereas sulfide did not have positive effect on DNRA in the high C/NO3- sludge incubations. This suggests that different DNRA microorganisms were responsible for the process in the low and high C/NO3- microbial sludge, since the DNRA microorganisms can be further classified into respiratory- and fermentative-types DNRA. As the high C/NO3- ecosystem has been observed to sustain DNRA over denitrification, enrichment cultures maintaining under low and high C/NO3- ratios were operated to monitor microbial community selected for each environment. The results from Illumina MiSeq 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that microbial populations closely related to Sulfurospirillum and the family Lachnospiraceae were the dominant microorganisms in the high C/NO3- culture. Additionally, primers targeting the fermentative-type DNRA (F-DNRA) microorganisms were developed in this study by using NADH-dependent nitrite reductase large subunit, or nirB gene, as a marker for primer detection. By applying the designed primers, target DNA and cDNA sequences were detected in the high C/NO3- culture samples, indicating the presence and activity of potential F-DNRA microorganisms under the high C/NO3- ecosystem.
STUDY OF GAS-LIQUID ABSORPTION IN TERMS OF BUBBLE-FLUID HYDRODYNAMIC AND MASS TRANSFER PARAMETER: LIQUID PHASE AND GAS PHASE
Authors:   , Sastaravet Prajak
Published: September 2023

This research focus on study the effect of continuous system on the bubble hydrodynamic and mass transfer parameters (Qg, QL, DBd, UBd a, kL and kLa). The experiment were set up in a cylindrical acrylic column with 0.15 m inside diameter and 1 m in height. ILALR was setup an acrylic plate for liquid recirculation. Moreover, mass transfer determination, liquid phase was removed dissolved oxygen by using sodium sulphite (Na2SO3). The bubble hydrodynamic mechanisms are investigated by the high speed camera (100 images/sec) and image analysis program is used to determine the bubble hydrodynamic parameters. The bubbles are generated by rigid diffuser which located at the bottom of column. Plastic media were added into the bubble column at 2% 5% 10% and 15% v/v), air flow rate from 2.5 to 15.0 l/min and liquid flow rate from 0-10 l/min. the result showed mass transfer (kLa) relate to increase the concertation from 2% to 15% (v/v) and gas flow 2.5 to 15 l/min, at media concentration 10% (v/v) has the highest kLa value (1.1×10-2 to 3.23 ×10-2 s-1). The bubble diameter (DB) increase from 2.55 to 3.97 mm with increase gas flow rate from 2.5 to 15 l/min. The bubble velocity (UB) slightly decrease from 0.094 to 0.015 m/s with increase liquid flow rate from 0 - 10 l/min and Interfacial area (a) increase 0 - 547.87 m-1 with gas flow rate increase from 2.5 - 15 l/min.
PALEO SEA-LEVEL CHANGE OF LAEM PHO, AMPHOE CHAIYA, CHANGWAT SURAT THANI
Authors:   , Polwichai Sinenard
Published: September 2023

The study of beach ridges plains at Laem Pho study area in Amphoe Chaiya, Changwat Surat Thani is aimed to investigate coastal geomorphology and sedimentology to analyze the history of Holocene sea level change. The methodology starts with satellite image interpretation of landform for field survey planning, then, geomorphologic map was done for locating sample collection sites. Grainsize analysis and Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating were carried out. As a result, the study area has dominant landforms of beach ridge plains and sand spit oriented in southeast direction correspondence with southeast longshore current. Source of sediment supply to this coastal plain is possibly come from Phumriang canal locating between former and recent beach ridge plain of Lam Pho. Furthermore, the orientations of beach ridges in this area have individual characteristic and can be classified into 5 series. The innermost beach ridge series can be indicator of paleo-shoreline locating approximately 4.5 km2 far from the present shoreline. The three profiles of topography survey indicate the continuation of progradation in eastward direction. Three units of geomorphological landforms as evidences of sea level change consist of old sandy beach, young sandy beach, and old lagoon. Average grain sizes of sand from all beach ridges is coarse- to medium-grained sand. Fossils and microfossils found in beach deposit consist of bivalvia, scaphopoda, foraminiferas, and ostracods. OSL dating of the oldest sand ridge indicate the age of 7,170±460 years BP, whereas, the youngest beach forming sand spit at 110 years ago. All these results indicate that the study area including ridges and swales was formed as beach ridge plain with eastward progradation during the regression from the mid to late Holocene.
Adding ferrous sulphate to hydrogen peroxide tooth bleaching gels reduced the required bleaching time
Authors:   , Thitichoatariyakun Thunnithie
Published: September 2023

Objective To investigate the effect of adding ferrous sulphate (FeSO4) as a chemical activator to hydrogen peroxide tooth bleaching gels on color change and treatment time. Methods One hundred and twenty extracted human upper premolars, hue A or B, were selected. One enamel-dentin specimen was prepared from each tooth. The specimens were divided into twelve groups (n=10), based on bleaching product, FeSO4 and treatment time. Three in-office bleaching products were used in this study: Opalescence® Boost TM, PolaOffice® and ZOOM!® Whitespeed TM. Each product was used per its specific protocol: 1: untreated control (C), 2: FeSO4 added, using the product’s specified treatment time (Fe100%), 3: FeSO4 added, using approximately 75% of the specified time (Fe75%), 4: FeSO4 added, using approximately 50% of the specified time (Fe50%). The color was measured before and immediately after bleaching, using a VITA Easyshade® V spectrophotometer based on the CIE-L*a*b* color system. Data between experimental groups of each product were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s or Tamhane’s test (p=0.05). Results Color parameter (ΔL, Δa, Δb and ΔE) evaluation indicated that there were no differences between the C, Fe100% and Fe75% of each product. Compared with the C group, only Δb of the ZOOM!® Whitespeed TM Fe50% group was significantly different (p=0.001). No differences were found between the Opalescence® Boost TM and PolaOffice® C and Fe50% groups with each material. Conclusion Adding FeSO4 was effective in reducing the treatment time of these commercial bleaching products by at least 25%.
The European Union(EU) as a global actor --- Internationalisation of EU fisheries policy and its impact on third countries:Case study of Thailand
Authors:   , Lu Ran
Published: September 2023

The concept of global management of marine resources, especially fisheries governance is not a radically new topic. After World War II, mainly through the UN, FAO and increasing regional institutions, regulatory and implementing mechanisms began incrementally forming. The EU, as a global actor, vertically, absorbed these universal regulations with feedback from its experimentalist governance[1] and then uploaded its “Europeanized” ideas to the international arena, meanwhile, horizontally, externalizing the EU model to third countries. This thesis will focus on the role of the EU as an international actor in the field of fisheries policy by analyzing the IUU (illegal, unreported and unregulated) fishing regulation and its impact on third countries, by researching the following questions: During last decade(2008-2018), what policies have been adopted by the EU to externalize its influence on the fisheries industry globally? What instruments have been employed by the EU to influence the fisheries industry of third countries to change their unacceptable behaviors defined by the EU? What are the consequences of the EU’s intervention? Has the EU been successful? And what responses have there been from third countries? What are the real objectives behind the EU’s policies and measures? To fully answer these questions, a case study of Thailand will be introduced and two theoretical concepts used: Market Power Europe (MPE) and Normative Power Europe (NPE) to delve into the essence of the case. EU as a global actor may impose the IUU regulation on the third countries and the severity of its impacts depends on those countries’ degree of dependency of the fisheries export to EU market. Refer to Thailand as a case study, Thailand eventually had to comply with not only IUU policy but also labor right protection. The recommendation for the third countries are to cooperate with the EU on the fair basis to eliminate any problem that may arise due to IUU regulation.
Oxidative responses in transgenic ‘KDML105’ rice Oryza sativa L. overexpressing OsCaM1-1 against drought stress
Authors:   , Sangchai Pun
Published: September 2023

The OsCaM1-1 is a rice calmodulin protein which transduces Ca2+ signals to their target protein that is important to regulate cellular and physiological responses. Drought stress is the one of essential environmental stresses that affected the crop by changing in morphological, physiological, and biochemical direction tactics of plants. In this study, the effect of drought stress on growth and antioxidant system in the transgenic rice overexpressing OsCaM1-1 gene was investigated and compared to the control and wild type KDML 105. The overexpression of OsCaM1-1 in transgenic rice could increase plant tolerance to drought stress, the results showed the greater increase in the relative growth rate, the relative water content, photosynthetic pigment contents, K+/Na+ ratio, and Ca2+/Na+ ratio, besides, presented the better increase in DPPH scavenging rate, the osmoprotectant accumulation (such as proline and soluble sugar), and activity of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase, while malondialdehyde content and % electrolytic leakage were lower than the control and wild type plants. These results indicated that the overexpressing OsCaM1-1 in transgenic rice probably improved antioxidant system under drought stress.
A STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF DARK POOL USING MARKET SIMULATION
Authors:   , Surarak Wasin
Published: September 2023

This paper extend a limit order book model of security trading from Goettler, et al. (2005) by adding a dark pool which does not publicly display trading orders. This model is a sequential game with risk-neutral traders. We use a stochastic algorithm followed by Pakes and McGuire (2001) to solve a Markov-perfect equilibrium as the optimal action of a trader. We find that when added a dark pool, market quality worsens (market depth declines and bid-ask spread widen), and total fill rate decreases. The deterioration of market quality in a limit order book results from an order migration to a dark pool to seek a better expected surplus as traders can save half-spread in a dark pool, but these effects are the benefit in overall welfare.
DOCTORAL MUSIC COMPOSITION: "THE LOST TALES" FILM MUSIC FOR SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA
Authors:   , Kesjamras Sit
Published: September 2023

Doctoral Music Composition: “The Lost Tales” Film Music for Symphony Orchestra is a series of music composition created as a film music. Techniques used in the piece include classical music, contemporary, and popular music techniques. “The Lost Tales” Film Music for Symphony Orchestra comprises 9 episodic movements of music. Each movement represents different events, places, times, and characters. Themes are used in more than one piece with different orchestrations, arrangements, tempos, or keys depending on the moods of each scene in the film. The duration of Doctoral Music Composition: “The Lost Tales” Film Music for Symphony Orchestra is approximately 50 minutes.
Bioactive Clitoria ternatea L. Flower extract for the glycemic control to carbohydrate foods and sugary beverages
Authors:   , Chusak Charoonsri
Published: September 2023

Clitoria ternatea L. flower, an edible plant containing anthocyanins, has been currently used as the source of natural colorant in foods, beverages and desserts worldwide. The previous report demonstrated its biological properties including antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activity. However, the various concentrations of Clitoria ternatea were used in food and beverages but the effective concentration of Clitoria ternatea on the digestibility of starch and glycemic response remains unknown. In this study, the effects of foods and beverage containing Clitoria ternatea L. flower extract (CTE) on starch digestibility in vitro, postprandial glycemic response and antioxidant capacity in human as well as sensory acceptability were investigated. The results showed that CTE (1 and 2 g) significantly suppressed postprandial plasma glucose and insulin levels with enhanced antioxidant status after consumption of sucrose beverage. Moreover, CTE did not cause hypoglycemia in the fasting state. Likewise, the 1% and 2% (w/v) CTE inhibited the pancreatic a-amylase activity when using potato, cassava, rice, corn, wheat and glutinous rice flours as a substrate. Consequently, 0.5%, 1% and 2% (w/v) CTE showed a significant reduction in the glucose release, hydrolysis index (HI) and predicted glycemic index (pGI) of all flours. Statistical analysis demonstrated strong positive significant correlation between the percentage of CTE and the undigested starch of wheat and cassava flours. The addition of 5%, 10% and 20% (w/w) CTE significantly reduced the rate of starch digestion of wheat bread. Finally, the incorporation of 2.5% (w/v) CTE caused a reduction in starch digestibility of cooked rice with a good overall acceptability using an electric rice cooker and a microwave oven. Interestingly, CTE decreased the glycemic index (GI) of cooked rice by 13%. Consumption of cooked rice with CTE caused a reduction in postprandial blood glucose in healthy subjects Therefore, CTE may potentially be a useful ingredient to reduce glycemic response in high carbohydrate foods and beverages.
The effect of nutrition education intervention on the amount of school lunch consumption in children aged 3-5 years: case study in Bangkok, Thailand
Authors:   , Tirapongporn Hathaichanok
Published: September 2023

Low vegetable and fruit intake and micronutrient deficiency has been reported for Thai children aged three to five years. Many nutrition education programs have been recommended to solve these problems, especially for preschool children. This study aims to investigate the effect of the novel nutrition education program on the amount of vegetables, fruit, energy and nutrients consumption in school lunches of children aged three to five years. United for Healthier Kids is a nutrition education program that desires to motivate healthy eating via a set of nutrition education tools by encouraging variety in the types of food consumed, increase vegetables and fruit consumption, and promote a healthy environment for preschool children. A total of 380 children, between three to five years of age (196 of which were female), from four schools in Bangkok participated in this study. The amount of vegetables, fruit, and other food intake was assessed by plate waste measurement for three days during the pre- and post-intervention period. Compared with the Thai DRIs, the percentage of vegetables and fruit consumption in the post-intervention period was closer to the recommended amount than in the pre-intervention period with increases of 16.02 and 8.79 in vegetable and fruit, respectively. Energy, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, iron, and vitamin C intake were significantly higher and more closely matched the recommendations in the post-intervention period. Vitamin A and vitamin B2 intake during the post-intervention period was lower than the pre-intervention period and there was no significant difference in the amounts of protein intake between the pre- and post-intervention periods. The new nutrition education has potential to increase vegetables, fruit, energy, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, iron, and vitamin C consumption of children aged 3 to 5 years. Future studies need to explore the effect of the program with larger and more diverse preschool children populations.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT COOKING METHODS ON THE BIOACCESSIBILITY OF POLYPHENOLS AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITIES OF PAKWAN BAN (SAUROPUS ANDROGYNUS)
Authors:   , Arumsari Imas
Published: September 2023

This study was aimed to assess the effect of different cooking methods on the amounts of phytochemical compounds and antioxidant capacities of sweet leaf (Sauropus androgynus) before and during in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. The optimum cooking time of each cooking method was prior selected according to the total phenolic compounds, the ferric-reductase antioxidant power (FRAP) activity, the color characteristics, the hardness, and the texture preference of cooked sweet leaf samples. Consequently, the sweet leaf samples cooked by boiling for 5 mins or microwaving at 800 watts for 90 sec were compared with raw sweet leaf. The results showed that the microwave cooking significantly demonstrated the higher antioxidant capacities (both FRAP and DPPH radical scavenging activities) of sweet leaf samples than the raw and the boiling methods (P < 0.05). The boiling and microwave cooking methods significantly increased the bioaccessibility of phytochemicals: total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, beta-carotene contents, and the antioxidant capacities (FRAP and DPPH assay) of sweet leaf than those found in the raw leaves (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the addition of 10% palm oil (v/w) during all cooking methods (raw, boiling, and microwave cooking) significantly increased the bioaccessibility of total phenolic compounds, beta-carotene content, and the antioxidant capacities (FRAP and DPPH assay) compared with those without palm oil addition, respectively (P < 0.05). In conclusion, microwaving and addition of palm oil during cooking exhibited the increased bioaccessibility of total phenolic compounds, beta-carotene content and antioxidant capacities than boiled and raw sweet leaf.