bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spring Oats for Winter Forage in the Southwest1
Authors: Thompson R. K. , Day A. D.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Spring oats were successfully grown for winter forage in the Southwest. High yields of high quality pasture, green chopped feed, and hay were obtained. Markton was the best variety for winter forage production. Spring oats produced more winter pasture forage than spring barley.
Influence of Light on the Foliar Growth of Alfalfa, Red Clover, and Birdsfoot Trefoil1
Authors: Rhykerd C. L. , Langston Ruble , Mott G. O.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Low intensities and/or quantities of light resulted in a high proportion of leaves to stems on alfalfa and red clover and a low proportion of leaves to stems on birdsfoot trefoil. Increasing the light energy decreased the leafiness of alfalfa and red clover but increased the leafiness of birdsfoot trefoil. As the plants reached maturity the leaf/stem ratio of the three species became approximately the same at high light intensities and/or quantities.
Further Investigations of the Inheritance of Resistance to Phytophthora Rot in the Soybean1
Authors: Smith P. E. , Schmitthenner A. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Segregating populations (F2 and F3) of two soybean crosses were tested for reaction to Phytophthora soiae. The data indicate resistance is dominant, conditioned by a single major gene pair, and that the dominant allele is inhibited by modifiers.
The Extent of Aberrants Produced by Merion Kentucky Bluegrass, Poa pratensis L., as Determined by First and Second Generation Progeny Tests1
Authors: Duich J. M. , Musser H. B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Aberrants produced by Merion Kentucky bluegrass averaged from 2.8 to 4.2% in 2 generations of progeny tests. Aberrancy from plural seedlings averaged 12.3% from the less than 2% polyembryos produced. Only 19% of the aberrants were found to be plus or equal. Second‐generation progeny tests are necessary and valuable for verification of first‐generation classifications and obtaining information on advanced‐generation performance.
Studies on the Nature of Resistance in Alfalfa to Two Species of Root‐Knot Nematodes1
Authors: Goplen B. P. , Stanford E. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

An example is reported in which penetration of Meloidogyne hapla larvae into resistant alfalfa plants was totally inhibited. A grafting analysis established that this resistance was not due to a translocated top‐produced compound but was an inherent property of the root. In contrast to the results with M. hapla, nematode larvae of M. javanica javanica did enter plants resistant to this species but were not able to reproduce.
Inheritance of Resistance to Helminthosporium Blight, Crown Rust Race 216, and Stem Rust Race 7A in Oats1
Authors: Rivers George W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The inheritance of resistance to oat crown rust race 216 was found to be monogenic with susceptibility dominant, and resistance to Helminthosporium blight was controlled by a single pair of recessive genes. Homozygous early generation progeny were obtained with combined resistance to Helminthosporium blight and crown rust race 216. Resistance to stem rust race 7A was found to be inherited as a simple dominant character.
Growth Responses of Alfalfa and Sudangrass in Relation to Cutting Practices and Soil Moisture1
Authors: Dennis R. E. , Harrison C. M. , Erickson A. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Yield was associated directly with cutting interval, regrowth being stimulated by frequent cutting for only a short period. Water consumed, per unit of forage produced, decreased as length of cutting interval increased. Sudangrass used moisture from the upper foot of soil and was more efficient in water use than alfalfa during June, July, and August. Consumptive use of water was closely associated with rainfall during the period of active plant growth.
Polyembryony in American Rye Varieties1
Authors: Morey Darrell D. , Morey Janice
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Gator, Hazel, Prolific Spring, Wood's Abruzzi, and Pierre ryes showed a high frequency of polyembryony. Antelope, Caribou, Florida Black, and Tetra Petkus ryes exhibited a low frequency of twins. The region where grown, the year of production, growth type, or viability had little to do with twinning; but varietal differences were striking and consistent. A genetic basis for polyembryony in American rye varieties is suggested.
Effect of Stage of Development on Carbohydrate Content, Growth, and Survival of Red Clover1
Authors: Kendall W. A. , Hollowell E. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

At the time of harvest plants which had set seed were significantly smaller with a less amount of carbohydrates than plants which had matured only to the vegetative, bud, or flower stage of growth. Vegetative plants had a smaller proportion of tops to roots than reproductive plants. After the harvest plants which had set seed survived as long and grew as much in a dark chamber as the less mature plants.
Uniformity Trials on Germination of Switchgrass Seed1
Authors: Ahring Robert M. , Morrison Robert D. , Wilhite Mary L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Significant differences between tray levels in percent germination were obtained in 3 of the 4 germination environments tested. With the germinator filled to capacity, temperatures in top, middle, and bottom trays varied as much as 4° C. from the intended means. These tests indicate that small differences in environment within a germinator influence the percent germination and that a random replication of seed samples by tray is needed in order to give a better estimate of the germination of a given seed lot.
Transmission Studies of Alfalfa Witches’ Broom Virus in Utah1
Authors: Glover David V. , McAllister DeVere R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The leafhopper, Scaphytopius acutus (Say) was the only insect, of six tested, found to be a vector of the alfalfa witches’ broom virus in Utah. Transmission attempts with three dodder species failed to transmit the virus from alfalfa to alfalfa.
Inheritance of Stem Rust Reaction in Tetraploid Wheat Hybrids: II. Genes for Resistance to Race 15B from Khapli Emmer1
Authors: Heermann R. M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

In the F1 to F3 generations of a series of crosses involving Khapli emmer, Stewart durum, and three Khapli derivatives, seedling reaction of Khapli emmer appeared to depend on two independent dominant genes. The adult reaction was controlled by at least four independent genes from Khapli. Two of these were partially dominant and two were recessive. The genes for seedling resistance and the two partially dominant genes for adult resistance were identical or closely linked.
Pollination of Several Clovers by Honeybees1
Authors: Weaver Nevin , Weihing Ralph M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Seed yields of five Trifolium species were inadequate when honeybees were excluded. A commercial variety of Trifolium resupinatum L. produced an adequate amount of seed with honeybees excluded, but yielded twice as much seed if honeybees were present.
Selection of Alfalfa Lines for Their Ability to Germinate Under High Osmotic Pressure1
Authors: Dotzenko A. D. , Haus T. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Selections were made from 6 alfalfa varieties for the ability of the seed of these varieties to germinate in a mannitol solution having 12 atmospheres osmotic pressure. This ability to germinate appears to be heritable and varies with the different varieties tested.
Differentiation of Red Clover Varieties1
Authors: Pergament Eugene , Davis R. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Dollard, Pennscott, and Kenland red clovers were distinguished by differences in total number of flowering stems, proportion of nonflowering and flowering plants, time of flowering, height of the flowering stem, and height and number of leaf petioles.
Acceleration of Early Growth of Sugar Beet Seedlings by Coating of Seedballs with Hydrophilic Colloids and Nutrients1
Authors: Miyamoto Takao , Dexter S. T.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Growth of sugar beet seedlings in a clay loam near the permanent wilting point (11.5% moisture) was accelerated by treating the seedballs with a hydrophilic colloid plus inorganic and organic nutrients.
Transfer of Crown Rust Resistance of Diploid and Tetraploid Species to Hexaploid Oats1
Authors: Sadanaga K. , Simons M. D.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Crown rust resistance of the diploid variety, C.D. 3820, has been transferred to 43 and 42 chromosome hexaploid types by using a derived tetraploid, C.I. 7232. Resistance of a second diploid variety, C.I. 3815, and a tetraploid variety, C.I. 7233, has been transferred to the second and third backcross generations.
Relationship of Nitrogen and Grain Sorghum Yield Under Three Moisture Regimes1
Authors: Mathers A. C. , Viets F. G. , Jensen M. E. , Sletten W. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

This study indicated that sorghum yields can be predicted from nitrate analyses. A sampling depth of 4 feet seems necessary. Soil tests for N are of limited value in semiarid or arid areas without irrigation. Near maximum yields were obtained from 140 pounds of nitrate or nitrate plus fertilizer N per acre.
An Evaluation of Certain Winter Cover Crops for the Control of Splash Erosion1
Authors: Ram Dip N. , Vittum M. T. , Zwerman P. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Domestic ryegrass was the most effective in preventing splash erosion. During the spring, rye was equally effective as the field brome. During the fall, nonhardy alfalfa and field brome were less effective than ryegrass. Spatial volume (average height × density) gave the best relation with effectiveness in controlling splash erosion.
Leaf Removal in Grain Sorghum. II. Trends in Dry Matter, Carbohydrates, and Nitrogen Following Defoliation1
Authors: Pauli A. W. , Stickler F. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Accumulations of dry matter, total sugars, acid hydrolyzable carbohydrates, and nitrogen were reduced in plants and grain of Plainsman grain sorghum partially or completely defoliated at the boot or anthesis stage.
Phosphorus Responses by Dryland Spring Wheat as Influenced by Moisture Supplies1
Authors: Power J. F. , Brown P. L. , Army T. J. , Klages M. G.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Yield increases from P fertilization of dryland spring wheat were influenced by available soil P, soil moisture, and precipitation. Yield increases on medium P soils were directly proportional to the amount of moisture available at seeding and to the sum of seeding time moisture plus precipitation from tillering to heading. On relatively high or low P soils the availability of soil P largely determined how P applications affected yield increases.
Variation in Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus Incidence in Wheat Seed Due to Storage and Continuous Propagation and the Effect of the Disease on Yield and Test Weight1
Authors: McNeal F. H. , Mills I. K. , Berg M. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Barley stripe mosaic virus has caused severe losses in spring wheat yields and moderate losses in test‐weights in experimental trials in Montana since 1956. Field readings for incidence of virus show the disease has increased in Pilot and Centana, has about maintained itself in Rescue, and has decreased in Lee, C.I. 13041, C.I. 13042, Supreme, and Thatcher. Greenhouse plantings showed that storage had little or no effect on the percentage of seed which carried the virus.
Effect of Variety and Rate of Seeding on the Drying Rate of Sudangrass Herbage for Hay1
Authors: Burger A. W. , Hittle C. N. , Graffis D. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The herbage of sudangrass varieties with thick stems dries more slowly than that of thin stemmed varieties. Small stem diameters are a result of varietal characteristics, high rates of seeding, and heavy tillering habit.
Effect of Phosphate and Potash on Amino Acid Content of Alfalfa1
Authors: MacGregor J. M. , Taskovitch L. , Martin W. P.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Amino acid levels in Minnesota alfalfa were generally slightly above those previously reported from other areas. Phosphate and phospate‐potash fertilization produced no appreciable change in amino acid levels, but increased per acre production through increased hay yields.
Effects of Selected Weather Factors on Grain Moisture Reduction from Silking to Physiologic Maturity in Corn1
Authors: Hallauer Arnel R. , Russell W. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Although degree‐days showed a consistent association with grain moisture loss, none of the six selected weather factors for estimating moisture loss was reliable for the period studied.
Evapotranspiration and Heat Budget of a Cornfield1
Authors: Gerber J. F. , Decker W. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Comparison of the values obtained by the water balance and Penman heat budget methods indicated that the Penman method overestimated the evapotranspiration when the soil surface was dry, even though abundant subsurface moisture was present, but gave reliable estimates when the soil surface was wet. The failure of the Penman method when the soil surface was dry was due to the underestimation of the amount of sensible heat transferred to the atmosphere.
Control of Roadbank Erosion in the Southern Piedmont1
Authors: Richardson E. C. , Diseker E. G.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Soil losses from actively eroding, steep, bare roadbank cuts in the hilly upper Piedmont of Northwest Georgia are excessive, and effective control has been secured on large numbers of similar roadbanks by establishment of certain adapted vegetative cover species, following adequate lime and fertilizer treatments and mulching where needed.
Effects of Calcium Treatment on the Quality of Cotton Seed1
Authors: Metzer R. B. , Johnson S. P. , Coffey L. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Deterioration of cotton seed due to different amounts of rainfall prior to harvest was counteracted by treating seed with calcium (hydrated lime). Calcium‐treated seed of varying stages of deterioration produced seedlings that were more healthy and vigorous than those from untreated seed. Slightly to moderately deteriorated seed tended to be less responsive to calcium treatment than highly deteriorated seed. During storage, calcium‐treated seed had slightly lower moisture content than untreated seed.
Response of Seven Oat Varieties to Different Levels of Fertilization1
Authors: Brown A. R. , Morris H. D. , Morey D. D.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Seven winter oat varieties gave significant variety×fertilizer interactions for grain yields, protein content of grain, and straw weight. Length of panicle, height of plant, and number of tillers per foot of row were increased by fertilizer applications. Medium and high rates of fertilization hastened the heading date by two days over low fertilization. An adapted variety plus medium to high fertilization rates are essential for the economical production of oats in the Southeast.
Responses of Soybean Varieties to Weed Competition1
Authors: Staniforth David W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

There were no differences in the responses of four soybean varieties to the competitive effects of heavy infestations of annual weeds, under variations in soil fertility, bean stands, and seasonal conditions. Weed growth and the resulting bean yield reductions were increased following applications of 70 and 140 pounds of nitrogen to corn in the previous year. The maturity range of varieties included early, adapted, and late.
Sorghum Residue Reduction in a Stubble Mulch Fallow System1
Authors: Greb B. W. , Black A. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Sorghum residues on the soil surface were preserved at 30 to 45% of original material in a summer fallow system with maximum use of subsurface tillage. Climatic weathering and tillage burial were nearly equally responsible for residue reduction.
Effect of Nitrogen Source on Yield and Nitrogen Content of Bluegrass Forage1
Authors: Kresge C. B. , Younts S. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Yields from plots receiving 75% nitrogen as urea‐formaldehyde and 25% as urea compared favorably to those from plots receiving urea, (NH4)2SO4, or NH4NO3. Use of urea‐formaldehyde resulted in more uniform seasonal distribution of yield and greater residual effect but caused lower nitrogen content and percent nitrogen recovery in the forage.
Effect of Varying Levels of Nitrogen on Forage Yields of Several Rye Varieties and Rye Mixtures1
Authors: Morris H. D. , Reese E. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Forage yields of 3 rye varieties, grown singly and in mixtures, were increased by rates of N up to 240 pounds per acre. Total forage yields of rye mixtures were not greater than varieties comprising the mixture but seasonal production of the mixtures was more favorably distributed. A differential response to N fertilization was obtained among the rye varieties.
Corn Root Distribution and Moisture Extraction in Relation to Nitrogen Fertilization and Soil Properties1
Authors: Linscott D. L. , Fox R. L. , Lipps R. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Root development and moisture extraction in a nitrogen‐fertilized sandy soil exceeded that in unfertilized soil during early growth of the corn, but were essentially the same under both conditions at maturity. Fertilized corn was more efficient in its use of soil moisture. Restricted root development was associated with high bulk density and low nutrient availability in the substratum. Roots in unfertilized plots were associated almost exclusively with old root channels and organic materials.
Response of Alfalfa to Irrigation and Fertility Level1
Authors: Lathwell D. J. , Vittum M. T.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

In 5 of 8 years when other factors were not limiting, irrigation on a silt loam soil in a vegetable crop rotation including alfalfa significantly increased dry matter yield of alfalfa by 1490 pounds per acre per year. Extra fertilizer increased total yield by 240 pounds of dry matter per acre per year. Highest yields, averaging 10,500 pounds of dry matter per acre per year, came from irrigated high‐fertility‐level plots.
Grain Sorghum as a Companion Crop for Alfalfa1
Authors: Scott W. O. , Patterson F. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Competition for light was important in the establishment of alfalfa as an intercrop in sorghum. Sorghum was somewhat more competitive than corn with interseeded alfalfa if the distance between rows was 40 inches or less.
The Use of Field Maturity Data to Establish Optimum Harvest Period for Merion Kentucky Bluegrass Seed Production1
Authors: Sumner D. C. , Lindsey K. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Present data illustrate the desirability of establishing field maturity standards upon which to base field readiness for seed harvest under California climatic conditions. Harvesting when 20 to 35% of the panicles are fully mature appears to be the range of field maturity at which maximum seed yields and minimum preharvest shatter losses occur.
Effect of Time and Rate of Fertilizer Application on Yield and Seed‐Size of Jumbo Runner Peanuts1
Authors: Hallock D. I.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Peanut fruits contained more large seeds when all fertilizer was applied to the corn in a 2‐year rotation rather than applied equally between crops. On both Galestown fine sand and Woodstown loamy fine sand, fruit drop‐off was higher on plots fertilized the same year peanuts were grown. At the Galestown site, fruit drop‐off was greater on the fertilized than on the check plots. There was no significant yield response to fertilization over a 5‐year period.
Factors Affecting Use of Minimum Tillage for Corn1
Authors: Van Doren D. M. , Ryder Gordon J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Use of minimum tillage resulted in an average of 4.8 bushels per acre more corn than use of conventional tillage. Low yield levels and low rainfall combined with high degrees of land slope tended to increase this difference. Weed control practices, conventional seedbed preparation, soil surface texture and internal drainage, and previous crop had no effect on the yield difference between the tillage systems.
Drying Patterns of a Sandy Clay Loam in Relation to Optimal Depths of Seeding1
Authors: Wiegand Craig L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Within two days after irrigation of Hidalgo sandy clay loam a parabolic moisture distribution arose in the zone where seeds are normally placed. The drying rate could be expressed by a simple analytic expression. Planes of equal moisture content advanced into the soil as a linear function of time.
Soybean Response to Molybdenum and Lime and the Relationship Between Yield and Chemical Composition1
Authors: Parker M. B. , Harris H. B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Soybean seed yield, leaf N, seed protein, and seed weight were increased by application of Mo or lime on moderately acid soils. Significant positive correlations existed between seed yield and soil pH (where Mo was not applied), seed yield and leaf N, leaf N and seed protein, seed yield and seed protein, and seed yield and seed weight. No correlation existed between seed yield and soil pH when Mo was applied. A significant negative correlation existed between seed protein and oil.
Reversal of Nondehiscence of Anthers in Cotton by Foliar Application of Choline Chloride or Urea1
Authors: Scott Ralph A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Acromania and hollow‐boll are two naturally occurring nondehiscent‐anther disorders in cotton. Cotton plants with either disorder produce dehiscent anthers following applications of choline chloride or urea to cotton leaves. The minimum chemical concentration to induce corrections is 100 micrograms per plant. Poor water penetration, aeration, and high nitrite‐ion concentration of the soils are characteristics closely related to the expression of these disorders. The timing of applications with reference to dehiscent flowers, bolls per plant, and seed cotton yields is presented.
Effects of Soil Aeration and Compaction upon Yield, Nutrient Takeup and Variability in a Greenhouse Fertility Experiment1
Authors: Van Diest A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Dry matter yield and nutrient accumulation of corn were little affected by aeration and compaction applied to potted soil. Variability among replicate determinations of biological indices was sharply increased by compaction of fertilized soil. Compaction lowered oxygen diffusion rates, increased bulk density, but did not affect root production and distribution.
Correlations of Certain Properties of the Alveogram with Important Hard Winter Wheat Quality Characteristics1
Authors: Shogren M. D. , Finney K. F. , Hoseney R. C. , Bolte L. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Alveogram length obtained with a modified alveograph method was useful in predicting loaf volume of hard winter wheat flour when mixing or oxidation requirement was taken into account.
Mechanics of Water Movement and Storage in Soils: A Teaching Technique1
Authors: Hobbs J. A. , Wittsell L. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Water movement and water storage are described for a tank equipped with a porous cover and three storage sections. Empirical equations developed by hydraulic engineers to account for water flow are employed. Either graphic methods or integration can be used to determine how the velocity of water flow and the rate of water storage or loss change with time. Analogies are drawn between water movement and storage in the tank and water movement and storage in the soil.
Seed Production Potential and Management Requirements of Five Improved Forage Grass Varieties in the Humid Northeast1
Authors: Pardee W. D. , Lowe C. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Orchardgrass and bromegrass seed yields were too low to be profitable, but timothy showed promise of profitable yields. Management requirements varied considerably.
Interrelationships of Soil Moisture Level at Planting Time and Nitrogen Fertilization on Winter Wheat Production1
Authors: Ramig Robert E. , Rhoades H. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Maximum yields on low nitrogen soils resulted from the application of 20 pounds of N per acre for every 3 inches of available preplanting soil moisture. Flour of inferior protein quality was milled from wheat grown under high moisture stress. N recovery increased from 30 to 50% as available soil moisture at seeding time increased from O to 8 inches. Water use and water use efficiency increased as available soil moisture and rate of N fertilization increased.
Germination of Sorghum Seed as Affected by Dormancy1
Authors: Gritton Earl T. , Atkins R. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A range of sorghum genotypes differed significantly in relative expression of seed dormancy when germinated at intervals of 2 weeks and 1 month after harvest. Seed dormancy was of little consequence 3 months after harvest. Seed scarification was the most effective of several treatments evaluated for their utility in overcoming dormancy.
The Development of Carbohydrate Reserves in Alfalfa Seedlings Under Various Levels of Shading and Potassium Fertilization1
Authors: Matches Arthur G. , Mott G. O. , Bula R. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Substantial concentrations of carbohydrates were evident in roots of Du Puits, Vernal, and African seedlings 6 weeks after seeding. Neither growth under reduced light intensity nor 3 potash fertilization rates affected root concentrations of total available carbohydrates (TAC), but total amounts increased as root growth was greater under the higher light intensities and higher potash rates. Varieties differed less in the amounts of TAC produced than in the concentration of TAC in the roots.
Effect of Frequency of Harvesting Coastal Bermudagrass for Pellets When Fed with High and Low Concentrates to Dairy Cows1
Authors: Miller W. J. , Brooks O. L. , Beaty E. R. , Clifton C. M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Coastal bermudagrass was harvested at 3‐, 5‐, and 7‐week frequencies and pelleted. Cows fed the younger pellets and/or the higher level of concentrates produced more milk and gained more weight. Forage consumption and milk composition were not affected by the treatments. No interactions were significant. The younger forage contained more protein, but yielded less dry matter per acre.
Change of Forage Seed Quality in Commercial Warehouses in Western Oregon1
Authors: Ching T. M. , Schoolcraft I. , Rowell P. , Taylor H. , Davidson B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Under present cultural practices of seed production and systems of handling in western Oregon, safe storage period for seeds of chewings fescue, Alta fescue, and sudangrass is 15 months; crimson clover, 3 years; highland bentgrass, 4 years; and common ryegrass, 5 years.
Brackish Water Irrigation of Several Vegetable Crops in Humid Regions1
Authors: Gallatin M. H. , Lunin J. , Batchelder A. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The use of brackish water over a 5‐year period indicates that salinity effects are determined by variations in the saline status of the soil throughout the growing season and by the sensitivity of the specific crop, especially with respect to the growth stage at which salinized. Rainfall distribution is an important factor influencing salt accumulation in the soil.
On the Relationship Between Water and Sugar Cane Yield in Hawaii1
Authors: Chang Jen‐hu , Campbell R. B. , Robinson F. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A general equation is derived to express the fraction of actual to potential yield as a function of the fraction of actual to potential evapotranspiration. This equation is further simplified so that the actual yield could be expressed as a sole function of water. The estimated yields differ from the actual yields by 7%.
Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on Yield, Components of Yield, and Other Agronomic Characteristics of Winter Wheat1
Authors: Rohde Charles R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Nitrogen fertilization caused increases in the grain yield, number of culms per plot, plant height, and straw weight of all varieties. None of the varieties showed an effect on the calculated number of kernels per head. The effects of fertilization on 100‐kernel weight, heading date, test weight, and straw‐grain ratio were variable.
Effect of Potassium and Nitrogen on the Free Amino Acid Content of Corn Plants1
Authors: Barker Allen V. , Bradfield Richard
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Growth was limited by deficient and excessive quantities of both N and K. Nitrogen deficiencies and excesses gave the greatest reductions in yields. Generally, growth was greater when a large proportion of the N was supplied as NH4+. Asparagine was the predominant amino acid in the plants. The content of asparagine and other free amino acids was increased by higher levels of N nutrition and higher proportions of NH4+‐N within any given N level. It was decreased by higher levels of K.
Effects of Dates and Rates of Nitrogen Fertilization on the Quality and Field Performance of Five Hard Red Spring Wheat Varieties1
Authors: McNeal F. H. , Watson C. A. , Kittams H. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Flour protein percentages were nearly the same from wheat receiving applications of nitrogen fertilizer at sowing time and in the flowering stage, but valorimeter values were significantly lower from applications made in the flowering stage. Rates of nitrogen fertilizer produced significant differences in flour protein, flour yield, absorption, valorimeter, and loaf volume.
Effects of Two Virus Diseases on Milling and Baking Properties of Wheat Grain and Flour and on Probable Nutritive Value of Forage Wheat1
Authors: Finney Karl F. , Sill W. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Grain samples from wheat plants infected by soil‐borne‐mosaic or wheat‐streak‐mosaic virus had milling properties that were inferior to, protein quality and mixing properties that were equal to, and water absorption, protein content, and “as received” leaf volume that were distinctly superior to those of the corresponding controls. Forage samples of winter wheat varieties susceptible to and infected by wheat‐streak‐mosaic virus were significantly higher (0.1% level) in protein content than those of healthy controls.
Soil Moisture Tension, Sugarcane Stalk Elongation, and Irrigation Interval Control1
Authors: Robinson Frank E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Elongation rate declined as soil moisture tension approached 2 bars at the 12‐inch depth. However, when the soil moisture tension in any cycle did not exceed 2 bars an increased rate of elongation following irrigation compensated for the decrease in rate prior to irrigation, and no real reduction in the average growth rate occurred. After the 2‐bar stress was exceeded at the 12‐inch depth a real reduction in the average growth rate occurred.
Molybdenum Effect on Alfalfa Grown on Thirteen Minnesota Soils in the Greenhouse
Authors: Ahlrichs L. E. , Hanson R. G. , MacGregor J. M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Liming and Mo treatments increased Mo concentrations and total uptake in alfalfa, but did not affect alfalfa yield or protein content.
Effects of Soil Moisture, Temperature, and Fertility on Yield and Quality of Irrigated Potatoes in the Southern Plains1
Authors: Box J. E. , Sletten W. H. , Kyle J. H. , Pope Alexander
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Management of soil moisture by irrigation techniques influenced soil temperature and yield and quality of potatoes. The minimum soil temperature and the highest yield occurred in the every‐row irrigated high moisture treatment. Fertility rates higher than 80‐0‐0 or distance along the irrigation run did not influence tuber yield and grade.
Relationship of Types of Phosphorus in Wheat Flour and Gluten to Flour Quality1
Authors: Watson C. A. , Miller Byron S. , Johnson John A. , Bequette R. K.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Both location and variety were significant factors affecting the concentration of the different types of phosphorus in the flour and gluten. Total and acid‐soluble phosphorus in the flour and in the gluten were correlated with loaf volume by simple regression coefficient and by partial regression coefficient independent of protein content. Phosphatide and ester type phosphorus in the gluten were correlated with loaf volume independent of protein content.
Influence of Clipping on Yield, Regrowth, and Root Development of Dallisgrass, Paspalum Dilatatum Poir., and Kleingrass, Panicum coloratum L.1
Authors: Holt Ethan C. , McDaniel Jerry C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Weights of stubble, crown, and roots of dallisgrass decreased from spring to fall. Neither yield nor basal plant weight were greatly influenced by clipping treatments. The weight changes were interpreted as being an inherent characteristic rather than a response to specific management practices. Kleingrass appeared to be favored by the less intensive defoliation treatments. Treatments which produced the greatest forage yields resulted in reduced stubble, crown, and root weights.
Effect of Age on the Chemical Composition, Palatability and Digestibility of Grass Leaves1
Authors: Burton Glenn W. , Knox F. E. , Beardsley D. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Young leaf blades from the top of heading culms of Gahi‐1 pearl millet and Georgia 337 Sudangrass were more palatable and contained more crude and true protein and less lignin than older lower leaves taken from the same culms. Eighteen successive leaves from top to bottom of the culms of late‐maturing millet plants gradually decreased from 73.9% to 58.2% in digestible dry‐matter content. Millet genotypes differed significantly in digestible dry‐matter content.
Methods of Reducing Soil Crusting to Increase Cotton Seedling Emergence1
Authors: Bennett O. L. , Ashley D. A. , Doss B. D.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Seedling emergence of cotton was increased by the use of soil conditioners, evaporation‐suppressing agents, and chemicals to reduce crust strength, and by altering geometric characteristics of the soil surface. Seedling emergence was negatively correlated with crust strength and positively correlated with moisture content of the top 3 inches of soil.
Micro‐Heteorgeneity—A Basic Concept in Soil Science Oft Neglected in Teaching1
Authors: Hutcheson T. B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The importance of a clear concept of the micro‐heterogeneous nature of soils in the teaching of elementary soils courses is emphasized. Its use in the interpretation of the law of mass action and in understanding the effect of pH on the availability of essential elements is stressed.
Effects of Nitrogen, Calcium:Potassium Saturation Ratio, and Electrolytic Concentration on Uptake of Calcium and Potassium by Rice Plants1
Authors: Chaudhry M. S. , McLean E. O. , Franklin R. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Uptake of Ca and K varied several fold with saturation and electrolyte level. Nitrogen had less pronounced effects on cation uptake. Similar information on Ca uptake was obtained in a 4‐day period as was obtained in a 40‐day period, while there was less similarity in trends of K uptake for the 2 growth periods.
Pans in the Southern Great Plains Soils. II. Effect of Duration of Radial Root Restriction on Cotton Growth and Yield1
Authors: Mathers A. C. , Welch N. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A restriction of 0.79 cm. or less for a period of 2 weeks or more on cotton roots reduced lint yield. All plants restricted to 0.32 cm. for 6 weeks or more died. Many plants died when restricted to 0.32 cm. for 4 weeks or' 0.48 cm. for 6 weeks, and the lint yield was very low on the plants that remained. Plant height was reduced by 0.32‐ and 0.48‐cm. restrictions of 4 weeks or more duration. On plants that were not killed, the part of the plant where the clamp was removed grew larger than was normal on check plants.
Greenhouse Evaluation of the Relative Importance of Lime and Potassium for the Establishment and Maintenance of Alfalfa and Orchardgrass Seedlings1
Authors: MacLeod L. B. , Bradfield Richard
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Seedling weight, dry matter yield and root weight of alfalfa plants seeded in small plugs of limed (pH=7.0) soil in an acid soil medium (pH=4.8) were significantly greater than when seeded directly in acid soils or in plugs of unlimed soil, but yields were significantly lower than where all the soil in a pot was limed to a pH of 5.6. A soil pH of 5.9 was adequate for establishing alfalfa and orchardgrass seedlings.
Alternate Three‐Cutting Systems for Alfalfa1
Authors: Dexter S. T.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A schedule of cutting 3 times in the bud stage before September 1 was compared with cutting twice in early bloom and once about November 1 with 10 varieties of alfalfa, in 3 sets of plots in 2 locations, over a period of 6 years in lower Michigan. In the locations where the growing season and distribution of rainfall made it difficult to obtain three good cuttings before September, the alternate system gave as good as or better yields and definitely better survival.
Response of Four Winter Wheat Varieties to Nitrogen Fertilization1
Authors: Stickler F. C. , Pauli A. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

In 7 trials, tendencies for only slight differential varietal response to N (V ✕ N interaction) were noted. The significant interaction for yield noted in 2 trials was attributed to Ottawa's being more responsive to N and Bison less responsive than the other varieties tested. Disease resistance was believed to be an important factor affecting response to applied N.
Preemergence Control of Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua L.)1
Authors: Goss Roy L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Dacthal at 10 pounds, betasan at 15 pounds, dipropalin at 6 pounds, trifluralin at 2 pounds, and enide at 4 pounds per acre significantly controlled annual bluegrass for periods of 9 to 12 weeks. Dacthal and betasan were completely nonphytotoxic to mature turf. It is possible under field conditions to achieve good preemergence control of annual bluegrass if applications of these preemergence herbicides are made to coincide with the germination periods of the seed.
Effect of Potassium Rate and Source on Yield and Composition of Bromegrass in Alaska1
Authors: Laughlin Winston , Restad Sigmund H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

K application increased dry‐matter yields. Each K increment increased the K content, tended to increase the sum of cations, and tended to decrease the Ca content and Ca/Mg ratio. The P and Mg contents were independent of K application. Forage contained very high Mg and low Ca producing a very low Ca/Mg ratio. Sulfate and muriate of potash were equally effective as K sources. Second clipping forage contained more P and Mg each year than first clipping forage.
An Independent Study Program in Introductory Soil Science
Authors: Younts S. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Students following an independent study program gained as broad, if not broader, knowledge of soil science as normally enrolled students. The independent study program gave the instructor an opportunity to evaluate course content and teaching effectiveness more thoroughly.
Some Factors Affecting the Yield Response of Soybeans to Irrigation1
Authors: Matson Arnold L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Greater response to irrigation was obtained with the full season variety, ‘Ogden’, than with the midseason variety, ‘Dorman’, or the early variety, ‘Clark’. The May 15 plantitng date was superior to either the April 15 or June 15 date and 1½‐inch plant spacing within the row gave greater yields than 3‐inch spacing. Application of P and K gave no response. Irrigating from bloom to one month before harvest was nearly as effective as irrigating throughout the season.
Interpretation of Sieve Analyses of Agricultural Limestones and Suggested Particle Size Specifications1
Authors: Whittaker Colin W. , Chichilo P.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Considerable variation in fineness occurs among agricultural limestones from different geographical regions but most are of the ground and meal grades. Log normal plots of sieve opening diameters against cumulative percents passing, and the quartiles, median, and sorting coefficient are useful in studying particle size distributions. Specifications requiring that 50% shall pass a selected median sieve, and that 95% pass a coarser sieve, are suggested.
Relationship Between Grain Protein Percentage and Sedimentation Value of Four Wheat Varieties at Different Levels of Nitrogen Fertilization1
Authors: Stickler F. C. , Pauli A. W. , Johnson J. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Variety and N‐fertilizer level significantly increased the protein content and sedimentation value. However, at the highest level of N fertilizer, the sedimentation value did not increase linearly with the protein content. There may be an upper limit to the ability of the wheat to utilize nitrogen in the production of true gluten proteins. Interactions of variety ✕ fertilizer level for both protein content and sedimentation were nonsignificant.
Relative Water Requirement and Its Relationship to Tiller Number and Heading Date in Eight Oat Varieties1
Authors: Widstrom N. W. , Harpstead D. D. , Shank D. B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Differences in relative water requirement found among eight varieties of oats remained highly significant after removal of variation due to tiller number and heading date. Neither character was closely associated with water use, but heading date was more consistently related than tiller number. Environment affected water requirement considerably, but genotypes maintained their relative ranks in efficiency very well. The data suggest that sufficient genetic variability in water use exists to warrant selection for increased efficiency.
Improved Precision in Determining Field Seeding Rates1
Authors: Niffenegger Dan , Davis D. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Seeding values can be compared more effectively when seed test results are expressed as the number of normal sprout‐producing seeds planted per square foot at a 1 pound per acre seeding rate (Y) than when germination, purity, or “pure, live seed” is used as the measure for comparison. Y values differed markedly for seed lots of different species, for lots of different varieties, and for lots within varieties. Seed weight was the variable most strongly affecting the value of Y.
Responses of Ladino Clover to Phosphorus Withdrawal from the Nutrient Solution1
Authors: Wilkinson S. R. , Gross C. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Ladino clover seedlings previously grown in solution culture with adequate P can accumulate sufficient P to maintain rapid growth for several weeks after P is withdrawn. As this accumulated P within the plant is depleted, top growth is the first to suffer. Good root growth continues for some time even with poor top growth.
Influence of (NH4)2SO4 on Root Growth and P Absorption by Corn From a Fertilizer Band1
Authors: Miller M. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Addition of (NH4)2SO4 to a P band increased the absorption of fertilizer P by a single corn root in each of 3 experiments. The development of lateral roots on the single root was increased by (NH4)2SO4 in the first experiment but not in the other two. It was concluded that increased root growth was not a prerequisite for the increased absorption, and that (NH4)2SO4 had some specific physiological effect on the absorption of P.
Tillering of Sudangrass (Sorghum vulgare var. Sudanense, Hitch.) with Special Attention to the Fffects of Ridging1
Authors: Shen T. C. , Harrison C. M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Ridging or “earthing up” reduced the number of tillers per plant in all experiments. Its effects were mainly due to the mechanical hindrance of soil on the emergence of tillers and their consequent etiolation. Low light intensity delayed the tillering process and enhanced the effect of ridging. Nutrient deficiency reduced the number of tillers. Ridging treatments generally increased the plant height and dry weight, which was attributed to the further development of crown parts and root systems.
Barley Production as Influenced by Timing of Soil Moisture and Timing of Nitrogen Applications1
Authors: Schreiber H. A. , Stanberry C. O.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Low moisture tensions during pollination increased yield and during internode elongation increased spikes per plant and kernels per spike. Compared with 60 pounds of N per acre, 240 pounds increased spikes per plant, kernels per spike, and yield. N applications only at planting resulted in increased kernels per spike, kernel weight and yield, but decreased spikes per plant. Later applications in conjunction with planting applications resulted in further increases of spikes per plant and kernel weight.
Nitrogen‐Potassium Utilization by Three Pasture Grasses1
Authors: Duell Robert W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Orchardgrass yields were reduced more by the inadequacy of applications of NH4NO3 only, than were tall fescue or Kentucky bluegrass. Percentage of K in plant tissue decreased where NH4NO3 was the only fertilizer applied. Orchardgrass showed the greatest and Kentucky bluegrass the least response to differences in K. In P content and responsiveness to P availability, the species ranked: orchardgrass>tall fescue>Kentucky bluegrass. Plots receiving only NH4NO3 had higher percentages of crude protein. Tail fescue generally had the lowest percentage of crude protein.
Sodium Accumulation and Sodium Responses of Five Varieties of Barley1
Authors: Shourbagy N. E. , Wallace A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Moderate levels of sodium increased the yields of 5 varieties of barley an average of 28% when grown in solution culture. A high level decreased yields for 4 of the 5 varieties. This level in most instances decreased Ca and Mg contents in tops and roots and that of K in roots. Na22 was readily translocated to shoots of all varieties and translocation was not influenced by anion source when Na22 was supplied at a low level or by temperature.
Geometrical Determination of Uncontrolled‐Controlled Factor Relationships Affecting Crop Yield1
Authors: Voss Regis , Pesek John
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A procedure for taking into account uncontrolled variableS within and among sites when computing yield functions is described and applied to fertilizer response data. The procedure was effective in predicting soil nutrient by fertilizer nutrient interactions for an experiment with 30 soils, each treated with 10 N and P fertilizer combinations.
Soil Compaction Effects on Field Plant Growth1
Authors: Wittsell L. E. , Hobbs J. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Wheat, sorghum, sudangrass, and tomato yields were reduced by compacting a silt loam soil to a bulk density of 1.6 g./cm.3. Severe compaction delayed maturing of wheat by several days and tomato ripening by two weeks. Soil condition was ameliorated in one year to the extent that second and third crop wheat yields were not reduced significantly by the initial compaction treatments.
Iron, Manganese, Boron and Zinc: Effects on Growth of Merion Kentucky Bluegrass1
Authors: Deal Elwyn E. , Engel Ralph E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Iron and boron were detrimental to turf when used at high rates. Low rates of iron, manganese, and boron improved color of turf under low soil fertility. High rates of iron and zinc impaired rhizome development. Boron, the only element that affected shoot growth, produced a slight temporary increase in regrowth between mowings.
Vapor Pressures of an Air‐Water Interface During Evaporation1
Authors: Cary J. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Low evaporation rates from soil caused solutes in the soil solution to accumulate at the air‐water interface and reduce the vapor pressure. Nearly ten‐fold increases in concentration at the interface were observed with ZnSO4 in a cool moist soil. CaCl2, AlCl3, sucrose, and hexadecanol accumulated to lesser degrees, depending on the evaporation rate and the temperature. The small amount of water movement required to develop this increase suggests the phenomena may also occur next to semipermeable membranes, such as plant roots.