bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dental Anxiety Among Adults in Turkey
Authors: Firat Deniz , Tunc Elif Pak , Sar Vedat
Published: July 2019

Aim

This aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental anxiety and related factors in a Turkish population.

Methods and Materials

The Turkish translation of the Dental Fear Scale (DFS) and the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) were administered to 115 dental patients consisting of 21 subjects who had dental phobia and of 94 patients who did not. The scales were also administered to a non-clinical general population (N=183).

Results

The Turkish version of the DFS was internally consistent and reproducible. The scale had strong correlations (r=0.80, p<0.001) with the MDAS. Female participants scored higher (45.2±18.1) on the scale than men (38.2±15.7). The DFS had a negative correlation (r=-0.25, p<0.001) with education level. There was a statistically significant difference between dental phobics and the remaining groups on the DFS total score. At a cut-off point 55, the sensitivity of the scale was 0.80, specificity 0.80, positive predictive value 0.48, and negative predictive value 0.95. Thirty-nine subjects (21.3%) in the general population had total scores above this cut-off point.

Conclusion

Dental fear is common in clinical and non-clinical settings in Turkey. The good psychometric characteristics of the DFS among Turkish participants supports its cross-cultural validity.

Citation

Firat D, Tunc EP, Sar V. Dental Anxiety Among Adults in Turkey. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 July;(7)3:075-082.
Dental Development in Subjects with Thalassemia Major
Authors: Hazza'a Abdalla M. , Al-Jamal Ghaida
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the dental development of patients with â-thalassemia major and to compare it with unaffected children.

Methods and Materials

Panoramic radiographs of 44 thalassemic patients taken before the age of 16 years were examined. The subjects consisted of 29 males and 15 females ranging in age from 4.9 to 15.7 (mean = 10.8±2.9) years and 44 controls matched for age and sex. The seven left mandibular permanent teeth, second molar to central incisor, were rated on an eight stage scale using the methods described by Demirjian et al.10 The stage of each tooth was converted to the corresponding numeric value and then all values were added to obtain a dental maturity score which corresponded to a dental age. Dental and chronologic ages were compared using a paired t-test. The relationship between the chronologic age and the amount of delay was also determined.

Results

Thirty-nine patients had a delay in the development of their dentition. The mean developmental dental delay was found to be 1.01 years (p<0.05). The range in delay was from 0.1 to 2.9 years. There was no significant difference between the mean chronologic and dental age of the control group (p> 0.05). The amount of delay in dental development increases as the patient.s age increased (p<0.05). Males were found to have a greater delay (mean 1.16 years) than females (mean delay 0.73 years), but this difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusions

The delay in dental development in β-thalassemia major varied according to the patient.s age. This positive correlation parallels the general growth of thalassemic children.

Citation

Hazza.a AM, Al-Jamal G. Dental Development in Subjects with Thalassemia Major. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 September;(7)4:063-070.
Traumatic Pseudolipoma of the Oral Cavity: Report of a Case
Authors: Martins Wilson Denis , de Oliveira Ribas Marina , de Sousa Maria Helena , Braga Ana Maria
Published: July 2019

An uncommon traumatic pseudolipoma of the oral cavity is presented. In this particular case there was evidence of previous trauma to the buccal fat pad during a difficult extraction of a maxillary premolar. Evidence is presented that iatrogenic trauma resulting in foreign body introduction might produce traumatic pseudolipoma in the oral cavity. The morphology of the buccal fat pad, the possible pathogenisis of the condition, as well as the diagnostic and the management of the case are presented.

Citation

de Oliveira Ribas M, Martins WD, de Sousa MH, Braga AM. Traumatic Pseudolipoma of the Oral Cavity: Report of a Case. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 September;(7)4:089-097.
One-Year Clinical Evaluation of Two Resin Composites, Two Polymerization Methods, and a Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer in Non-Carious Cervical Lesions
Authors: Tassery Hervé , Koubi Stephen , Raskin Anne , Bukiet Frédéric , Pignoly Christian , Toca Edwige
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to examine clinically relevant data on four restorative procedures for non-carious cervical lesions using United States Public Health Service (USPHS)–compatible clinical and photographic criteria and to compare different methods of analyzing clinical data.

Methods and Materials

Fourteen patients with at least one or two pairs of non-carious lesions under occlusion and a mean age of 50 were enrolled in this study. A total of 56 restorations (14 with each material) were placed by three experienced, calibrated dental practitioners. Two other experienced and calibrated practitioners, under single-blind conditions, followed up on all restorations for a period of one year. Three materials were randomly placed: a micro-hybrid composite with two polymerization methods (G1 and G2), a flowable micro-hydrid composite (G3), and a resin-modified glass ionomer (G4). Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskall-Wallis test (p<0.05) and a Mann-Whitney U modified test with a corrected significance level.

Results

At the one year evaluation time, there were no restorations with secondary caries and the retention rates in G1 (IntenS with a hard polymerization), G2 (IntenS with a soft polymerization), G3 (Filtek flow), and G4 (Fuji II LC) were 85.7% (two losses), 92.8% (one loss), 100%, and 100%, respectively. The total visual microcomparison of the results at baseline (15 days later) showed significant differences only with the clinical acceptance criterion: G1 was different from G2, with a soft polymerization device (p<0.05). In terms of surface quality at one year, G1, G2, and G3 exhibited a statistically significant difference from G4, p<0.05. The digital analysis at baseline showed significant differences only with the clinical acceptance criterion: G1=G2 was different from G3=G4, p<0.05. At one year, only the microporosity criterion showed any statistical differences: G1=G2=G3 was different from G4, p<0.05.

Conclusions

The resin-modified glass ionomer was easier to use and had a high retention rate, but it failed in terms of surface quality (visual mode) and porosity (digital mode) criteria compared to the others groups. Overall results showed no difference between groups G1 (hard-polymerized) and G2 (soft-polymerized), and only G1 was affected by the marginal edge (p<0.03) and integrity criteria (p<0.02) at one year.

Citation

Koubi S, Raskin A, Bukiet F, Pignoly C, Toca E, Tassery H. One-Year Clinical Evaluation of Two Resin Composites, Two Polymerization Methods, and a Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer in Non-Carious Cervical Lesions. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 November;(7)5:042-053.
Effect of Different Types of Enamel Conditioners on the Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets
Authors: Daneshkazemi A.R. , Davari A.R. , Yassaei S. , Yosefi M.H.
Published: July 2019

Aim

A unique characteristic of some new bonding systems in operative dentistry is they combine conditioning and priming agents into a single acidic primer solution for simultaneous use on both enamel and dentin. Combining conditioning and priming into a single treatment step results in improvement in both time and costeffectiveness to the clinician and, indirectly, to the patient. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the use of a self-etching primer on the bond strength of orthodontic brackets and on the bracket/ adhesive failure mode.

Methods and Materials

Thirty-six fresh bovine incisors were collected and stored in a solution of 0.1% (weight/volume) thymol. The criteria for tooth selection included intact buccal enamel, no cracks caused by the presence of the extraction forceps, and no defects. The teeth were cleansed and polished with pumice and rubber prophylactic cups for ten seconds. Brackets were bonded to the teeth according to one of three protocols following the manufacturers’ instructions - Group 1: Conventional multistep bonding system (control group) (n=12); Group 2: Self-etching primer system (n=12); and Group 3: Acid+self-etching primer system (n=12). Specimens were loaded to failure in a Zwick test machine (Zwick GmbH & Co, Ulm, Germany). Shear bond strengths were measured at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min.

Results

The mean shear bond strength in megapascals (Mpa) (standard deviation) were 11.7 (4.2), 10.5 (4.4), and 10.9 (4.8) for Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the three groups. The results indicated no significant difference in the bond strength between the three groups (P=0.800). The results of the Chi square test, evaluating the residual adhesives on the enamel surfaces, revealed no significant difference between the three groups (P=0.554).

Conclusion

Results of the present in vitro study indicate the use of self-etching primers may be an alternative to conventional phosphoric acid pre-treatment in orthodontic bonding.

Citation

Davari AR, Yassaei S, Daneshkazemi AR, Yosefi MH . Effect of Different Types of Enamel Conditioners on the Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 January;(8)1:036-043.
Oral Care in the Intensive Care Unit: A Review
Authors: Abidia Randa F.
Published: July 2019

Oral care for patients in the hospital's Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is important, but this is usually the responsibility of nurses without sufficient knowledge in oral care or comprehensive protocols to follow. The problems of maintaining oral care with oral intubation, performing oral assessment, guidelines for oral hygiene care, frequency of oral care needed, and suggested mouth care protocol followed by recommendations are presented and discussed in this paper.

Citation

Abidia RF. Oral Care in the Intensive Care Unit: A Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 January;(8)1:076-082.
A Comparison of Two Different Methods and Materials Used to Repair Polycarbonate Crowns
Authors: Yilmaz Asude
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength and crown-repair material interface of polycarbonate crown repaired using flowable resin composite and hybrid resin composite following two different surface preparations.

Methods and Materials

The facial surfaces of fifty-two polycarbonate crowns were flattened and roughened. Specimens were then divided into four test groups. A bonding agent alone (Groups 1 and 2) or a combination of methylmethacrylate (MMA) + bonding agent (Groups 3 and 4) was applied to the prepared surfaces. Then either a flowable (Groups 1 and 3) or a microfilled hybrid (Groups 2 and 4) resin composite was placed on the surfaces. Forty-eight of the original fifty-two specimens were used for shear bond strength testing. Failure types (adhesive, cohesive, and mixed) were evaluated. The remaining four specimens, one from each group, were used for crown-resin composite interface analysis using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Results

There were significant differences in both mean shear bond strength values and failure types (P<0.05). The SEM evaluation revealed a close interface relationship in Groups 3 and 4.

Conclusion

MMA monomer application on a polycarbonate crown prior to application of an adhesive agent improved the shear bond strength of the repair material.

Citation

Yilmaz A. A Comparison of Two Different Methods and Materials Used to Repair Polycarbonate Crowns. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 February;(8)2:0105-112.
The Effect of Thermocycling on the Adhesion of Self-etching Adhesives on Dental Enamel and Dentin
Authors: El Araby Alaa Morsy , Talic Yousef F.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of one total-etch self-priming adhesive and two one-step self-etching adhesive systems on the adhesion of a resin composite to both dentin and enamel. The effect of thermocycling on the adhesion was also investigated. The null hypothesis tested was thermocycling would not affect bond strengths to enamel and dentin treated with self-etching adhesives or a total-etch adhesive.

Methods and Materials

Two single-step self-etching adhesives [Xeno III (XE3) and Prompt L-Pop (PP)] and one two-step total-etch adhesive system (Prime & Bond NT) (P&B NT) were used in this study. Thirty cariesfree unrestored human third molars were used to make specimens of enamel and dentin. Different adhesives were applied on enamel and dentin surfaces according to the manufacturer's instructions then hybrid composite restorative material was condensed on the surface using a mold. The bonded specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours before being tested. Half of the bonded specimens were tested for shear bond strength without thermocycling. The other half of the test specimens were thermocycled using a thermocycling apparatus in water baths held at 5°C and 55°C with a dwell time of one minute each for 10,000 cycles prior to shear testing. The mean shear bond strength before and after thermocycling was calculated, and the results were subjected to two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and repeated measure design to show the interaction between different materials and different times.

Results

The results showed shear bond strength on both enamel and dentin of the total-etch adhesive and the self-etching adhesives decreased after the specimens were subjected to thermocycling.

Conclusions

The null hypothesis tested “thermocycling would not affect bond strengths treated with selfetching adhesives” was rejected. Furthermore, the study revealed the following:

The shear bond strength to both enamel and dentin of the total-etch adhesive and the self-etching adhesives decreased after the specimens were subjected to thermocycling.

XE3 achieved the highest bond strength to both enamel and dentin (26.994±1.17 and 25.22±1.26, respectively).

XE3 showed even better bonding after thermocycling to enamel and dentin than the total-etching system or PP.

Although PP bonded to enamel showed lower shear bond strength value than XE3, it has durable bond strength even after thermocycling.

Citation

El Araby AM, Talic YF. The Effect of Thermocycling on the Adhesion of Self-etching Adhesives on Dental Enamel and Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 February;(8)2:017-024.
Radiometric and Spectrophotometric Analysis of Third Generation Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Light-Curing Units
Authors: Owens Barry M. , Rodriguez Kelbin H.
Published: July 2019

Aims

Light-emitting diode (LED) polymerization of dental restorative materials has become increasingly popular. However, individual light-curing unit (LCU) functions (intensity and/or wavelength emission) may not conform to manufacturer specifications due to quality control issues. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of irradiance, in terms of power density (intensity) and spectral distribution (peak wavelength), emitted from LED and quartz-tungsten halogen (QTH) LCUs in vitro. The battery expenditure of these LED units was also tested.

Methods and Materials

The intensity and spectral distribution from four third generation LED (Smartlite PS, Coltolux LED, radii Plus, Diopower) and one QTH (Schein Visible Cure) light sources were measured using six different dental curing light meters (Coltolux, Cure Right, Demetron 100, Demetron LED., Hilux, and Light Meter-200) and a visible-ultraviolet light spectrophotometer (Hitachi Elmer-Perkins). The battery life was also plotted for each light source following a 1500 second duration period. The data obtained from radiometric and spectrophotometric analysis was compared to manufacturer specifications.

Results

Radiometric evaluation revealed LED light units tested did not satisfy manufacturer claims for minimum intensities. Spectral emissions from the LED light sources did meet manufacturer requirements. No clinically appreciable battery drain was evidenced from testing all re-chargeable LED units.

Conclusion

Despite limitations LED technology appears to be an effective alternative for curing of lightactivated esthetic restorative materials. Additional advantages associated with LED curing lights include ergonomic handling capabilities, negative heat generation, and minimal maintenance concerns.

Citation

Owens BM, Rodriguez KH. Radiometric and Spectrophotometric Analysis of Third Generation Light- Emitting Diode (LED) Light-Curing Units. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 February;(8)2:043-051.
Fatigue Strength of Fragmented Incisal Edges Restored with a Fiber Reinforced Restorative Material
Authors: Lassila Lippo V.J. , Vallittu Pekka K. , Garoushi Sufyan K.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to determine the compressive fatigue limits (CFLs) of fractured incisor teeth restored using either a conventional adhesive-composite technique or using fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs).

Methods and Materials

Fifteen extracted sound upper incisor teeth were prepared by cutting away the incisal one-third part of their crowns horizontally. The teeth were restored using three techniques. Group A (control group) was restored by reattaching the original incisal edge to the tooth. Group B was restored using particulate filler composite (PFC). Group C was restored with PFC and FRC by adding a thin layer of FRC to the palatal surface of the teeth. The bonding system used was a conventional etch system with primer and adhesive. All restored teeth were stored in water at room temperature for 24 h before they were loaded under a cyclic load with a maximum controlled regimen using a universal testing machine. The test employed a staircase approach with a maximum of 103 cycles or until failure occurred. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) (p=0.05). Failure modes were visually examined.

Results

Group A (reattaching fractured incisal edge) revealed the lowest CFL values, whereas the creation of a new incisal edge with PFC revealed a 152% higher CFL value compared to Group A. Group C (teeth restored with FRC) revealed a 352% higher CFL than the control group. ANOVA revealed the restoration technique significantly affected the compressive fatigue limit (p<0.001). The failure mode in Group A and B was debonding of the restoration from the adhesive interface. While in Group C, the sample teeth fractured below their cemento-enamel junctions.

Conclusion

These results suggested an incisally fractured tooth restored with the combination of PFC and FRC-structure provided the highest CFL.

Citation

Garoushi SK, Lassila LVJ, Vallittu PK. Fatigue Strength of Fragmented Incisal Edges Restored with a Fiber Reinforced Restorative Material. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 February;(8)2:009-016.
Effect of Different Time Periods of Vital Bleaching on Flexural Strength of Bovine Enamel and Dentin Complex
Authors: Ghavamnasiri Marjaneh , LNU Sara Abedini , Tazangi Alireza Mahdizadeh
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of 20% carbamide peroxide (CP) on the flexural strength (FS) of bovine enamel and dentin complex.

Methods and Materials

One hundred sound bovine teeth were selected for use. Blocks (2×3×8 mm) from the middle portion of the facial surfaces of each crown were sectioned from the teeth. The specimens were randomly divided into five groups (n=20) based on the time period of vital bleaching. Group 1 comprised the control group kept in artificial saliva. The experimental groups subjected to immersion in 20% CP, Opalescence, for four, six and eight weeks, respectively (eight hours daily). Mechanical testing was performed 24 hours after the last treatment using an Instron Universal Testing Machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (α=0.05).

Results

Mean values for FS were 141.27, 103.06, 120.71, 130.23, and 117.90 (Mpa), respectively. Statistically significant differences in FS were noted among the groups. A statistically significant difference was observed between Group 2 (two week bleach) and the control.

Conclusion

Application of 20% CP bleach for two weeks provided significant decreases in FS of bovine enamel and dentin complex. Similar decreases were not observed among the other groups.

Citation

Ghavamnasiri M, Abedini S, Tazangi AM. Effect of Different Time Periods of Vital Bleaching on Flexural Strength of Bovine Enamel and Dentin Complex. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 March;(8)3:021-028.
Histological Comparison of Bone to Implant Contact in Two Types of Dental Implant Surfaces: A Single Case Study
Authors: Shibli Jamil Awad , Feres Magda , de Figueiredo Luciene Cristina , Iezzi Giovanna , Piattelli Adriano
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this single case study was to evaluate the influence of different implant surfaces on human bone and osseointegration.

Methods and Materials

A 47-year-old partially edentulous woman received two experimental implants along with conventional implant therapy. Experimental implants placed in the mandibular ramus consisted of machined and anodized surfaces, respectively. After three months of healing, the experimental implants were removed and prepared for ground sectioning and histological analysis.

Results

The data demonstrate anodized implant surfaces present a higher percentage of osseointegration when compared to a machined surface in cortical human bone after a healing period of three months.

Conclusion

This single case study suggests an anodized implant surface results in a higher percentage of bone to implant contact when compared to machined surfaced implants when placed in dense bone tissue. However, further investigations should be conducted.

Citation

Shibli JA, Feres M, de Figueiredo LC, Iezzi G, Piattelli A. Histological Comparison of Bone to Implant Contact in Two Types of Dental Implant Surfaces: A Single Case Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 March;(8)3:029-036.
Tooth Size and Arch Dimension in Uncrowded Versus Crowded Class I Malocclusions
Authors: Poosti Maryam , Jalali Tahereh
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the extent to which arch dimension or tooth size contributes to dental crowding.

Methods and Materials

Two groups of dental casts were selected. Each group consisted of 30 pairs of dental casts including equal male and female samples. The first group had Class I malocclusions without crowding or spacing. The second group exhibited Class I malocclusions with severe dental crowding (> a 5 mm space deficiency). The following parameters were measured and used to compare the two groups: individual and collective mesiodistal tooth diameters, dental arch length, as well as buccal and lingual dental arch widths in the canine and molar regions. To compare the two groups the Student's t-test with 95% confidence interval was used.

Results

Statistically significant differences in both tooth diameters and transverse arch dimensions were found between the two groups. The crowded group was found to have a significantly smaller maxillary arch width and larger tooth size when compared with the uncrowded group.

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest under equal conditions (a Class I skeletal relationship) tooth size has a greater role in developing dental crowding.

Citation

Poosti M, Jalali T. Tooth Size and Arch Dimension in Uncrowded Versus Crowded Class I Malocclusions. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 March;(8)3:045-052.
Prevalence, Clinical Picture, and Risk Factors of Dry Socket in a Jordanian Dental Teaching Center
Authors: Nusair Y.M. , Younis M.H. Abu
Published: July 2019

Aims

The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence, clinical picture, and risk factors of dry socket at the Dental Teaching Center of Jordan University of Science and Technology (DTC/JUST).

Methods and Materials

Two specially designed questionnaires were completed over a four-month period. One questionnaire was completed for every patient who had one or more permanent teeth extracted in the Oral Surgery Clinic. The other questionnaire was completed for every patient who returned for a post-operative visit and was diagnosed with dry socket during the study period.

Results

There were 838 dental extractions carried out in 469 patients. The overall prevalence of dry socket was 4.8%. There was no statistically significant association between the development of dry socket and age, sex, medical history, medications taken by the patient, indications for the extraction, extraction site, operator experience, or the amount of local anesthesia and administration technique used. The prevalence of dry socket following non-surgical extractions was 3.2%, while the prevalence following surgical extractions was 20.1% (P< 0.002). The prevalence of dry socket following surgical and non-surgical extractions was significantly higher in smokers (9.1%) than in non-smokers (3%) (P = 0.001), and a direct linear trend was observed between the amount of smoking and the prevalence of dry socket (P = 0.034). The prevalence of dry socket was significantly higher in the single extraction cases (7.3%) than in the multiple extraction cases (3.4%) (P = 0.018). The clinical picture and management of dry socket at DTC/JUST were similar to previous reports in the literature. The prevalence of dry socket, its clinical picture, and management at DTC/JUST are similar to those reported in the literature.

Conclusion

Smoking and surgical trauma are associated with an increased incidence of dry socket. Moreover, patients who had single extractions were more likely to develop dry socket than those who had multiple extractions in the same visit.

Citation

Nusair YM, Younis MHA. Prevalence, Clinical Picture, and Risk Factors of Dry Socket in a Jordanian Dental Teaching Center. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 March;(8)3:053-063.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Atypical Odontalgia: A Review of the Literature and Two Case Reports
Authors: Melis Marcello , Secci Simona
Published: July 2019

Aim

This report presents two cases diagnosed with atypical odontalgia (AO) and successfully treated with amitriptyline as well providing a review of the current literature on the subject.

Results

The literature indicates the most important issue is an accurate differential diagnosis to distinguish between AO, pulpal pain, myofascial pain, and trigeminal neuralgia.

Conclusion

Once the correct diagnosis is made the prognosis of AO is usually fair and the administration of tricyclic antidepressants often resolves symptoms. An effort should be made to avoid any unnecessary dental treatment that would only aggravate the problem.

Citation

Melis M, Secci S. Diagnosis and Treatment of Atypical Odontalgia: A Review of the Literature and Two Case Reports. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 March;(8)3:081-089.
Comparative Evaluation of the Marginal Sealing Ability of Fuji VII® and Concise® as Pit and Fissure Sealants
Authors: Ganesh Mahadevan , Shobha Tandon
Published: July 2019

Aim

The anatomical pits and fissures of the teeth have long been recognized as susceptible areas for the initiation of dental caries. The extreme vulnerability to decay of these pits and fissures on the occlusal surfaces has prompted dental scientists to seek methods of caries prevention. Motivated by the role of pit and fissure sealants in caries prevention, the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of Fuji VII® glass ionomer sealant and Concise® resin-based sealant.

Methods and Materials

Anin vitrostudy was undertaken using forty premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons. The teeth were divided into two groups and sealants were applied. One was an experimental group using Fuji VII® as a pit and fissure sealant and the other a control group using Concise®. The teeth were kept in gentian violet dye for 24 hours, the sectioned samples were observed for the extent of dye penetration, and scores were based on established scoring criteria.

Results

The comparison of the performance of the two groups showed a statistically significant difference.

Conclusion

The Concise® resin-based sealant performed better in terms of sealing ability than did the Fuji VII® glass ionomer sealant.

Citation

Ganesh M, Shobha T. Comparative Evaluation of the Marginal Sealing Ability of Fuji VII® and Concise® as Pit and Fissure Sealants. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 May;(8)4:010-018.
Clinical Management of an Unusual Case of Gingival Enlargement
Authors: Sumanth S. , Bhat K. Mahalinga , Bhat G. Subraya
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this article is to report a case of conditioned gingival enlargement managed by nonsurgical periodontal therapy.

Background

Hormones are specific regulatory molecules that modulate a host of body functions. Hormonal effects reflect physiologic and pathologic changes in almost all tissues of the body with the periodontium being no exception. Physiologic changes like puberty, the menstrual cycle, and pregnancy cause hormonal variations that may cause inflammation of the gingiva. Oral contraceptives that contain estrogen and/or progesterone are associated with gingival enlargement.

Report

A 28-year-old female presented with a complaint of swelling of the gingiva with spontaneous bleeding in the maxillary anterior region for a period of one year. The health history documented the use of contraceptives for one year, and a clinical examination revealed the existence of poor oral hygiene and englarged painful gingival tissues that bled when touched.

This case reaffirms the fact plaque control is the most important procedure in any periodontal therapy. Another factor contributing to the excellent response to therapy is patient compliance. The patient followed home care instructions well and was effective in personal oral hygiene measures.

Citation

Sumanth S, Bhat KM, Bhat GS. Clinical Management of an Unusual Case of Gingival Enlargement. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 May;(8)4:088-094.
Restoring Function and Esthetics in a Patient with Amelogenesis Imperfecta: A Case Report
Authors: Ozel Emre , Gokce Kagan , Canpolat Ceyhun
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this case report is to present the esthetic and functional rehabilitation of the teeth in a 22-year-old patient with Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI).

Background

AI is a group of hereditary defects of enamel, unassociated with any other generalized defects. It is a rare developmental abnormality of the enamel, with a variable occurence of approximately 1:4000 to 1:14000 in Western populations. Al results in poor development or complete absence of the enamel of the teeth caused by improper differentiation of the ameloblasts.

Report

This report describes the diagnosis and treatment of a young male patient with AI and missing molar teeth using contemporary restorative strategies. Initially, the tooth surfaces were treated with a professional cleaning along with conservative restorative treatment. Later, metal-ceramic crowns for posterior teeth and fullceramic crowns for anterior teeth were utilized for final restorations.

The complexity of the management of patients with AI supports the suggestion the dental profession should have appropriate methods for the rehabilitation of rare dental disorders. The treatment of patients with AI should start with early diagnosis and intervention to prevent later restorative problems.

Citation

Gokce K, Canpolat C, Ozel E. Restoring Function and Esthetics in a Patient with Amelogenesis Imperfecta: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 May;(8)4:095-101.
Adjunctive Effects of Systemic Amoxicillin and Metronidazole with Scaling and Root Planing: A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Moeintaghavi Amir , Talebi-ardakani Mohammad Reza , Haerian-ardakani Ahmad , Zandi Hengame , Taghipour Shokouh , Fallahzadeh Hossein , Pakzad Amir , Fahami Nargess
Published: July 2019

Aims

Aims: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the systemic administration of metronidazole and amoxicillin as an adjunct to initial periodontal therapy in patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis.

Methods and Materials

This randomized, double blind, placebo controlled parallel study involved 50 adult patients with untreated periodontitis who were randomly assigned to receive either a full-mouth scaling and root planing along with systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin (T group) or scaling and root planing with a placebo (P group). Clinical measurements including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment levels (CAL), Plaque Index (PI), and Bleeding Index (BI) were recorded at baseline and six to eight weeks after therapy. The deepest pocket was selected and samples for microbiological testing were taken. Patients received coded study medications of either 500 mg amoxicillin in combination with 250 mg metronidazole or an identical placebo every eight hours for seven days following scaling and root planing.

Results

There was a significant change in PD (P=0.0001), CAL (P=0.00001), PI (P<0.05), and BI (P<0.05) in the T group compared to the placebo group after therapy. Parallel to the clinical changes, treatment significantly reduced the number of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), and P. intermedia (Pi) compared with baseline in the T group (P=0.003, 0.021 and 0.0001, respectively). However, in the P group only the Pi colony count was reduced significantly (P=0.0001). After therapy, there was a significant difference between the T and P groups in the number of patients negative for Aa, Pg, and Pi (Pv = 0.033).

Conclusions

The significant differences between treatment and placebo groups are in line with other studies and support the considerable adjunctive benefits of the combination of amoxicillin and metronidazole in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Citation

Moeintaghavi A, Talebi-ardakani MR, Haerian-ardakani A, Zandi H, Taghipour S, Fallahzadeh H, Pakzad A, Fahami N. Adjunctive Effects of Systemic Amoxicillin and Metronidazole with Scaling and Root Planing: A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 July;(8)5:051-059.
Maxillary Corticotomy and Extraoral Orthopedic Traction in Mature Teenage Patients: A Case Report
Authors: Pelo Sandro , Boniello Roberto , Gasparini Giulio , Longobardi Gianluigi
Published: July 2019

Aim

The authors’ propose to combine the reverse pull headgear with a Delaire type face mask and a maxillary corticotomy to treat a Class III non-growing patient with maxillary retrusion. The aim of this report is to present two cases in which this treatment strategy was successful.

Background

Several studies suggest the majority of Class III dento-skeletal malocclusions have components of maxillary retrusion. Early treatment of these patients with maxillary protraction devices have shown promising results. Facemask therapy has some important limits. Most important is the optimal timing of treatment between the ages of six to ten years. Closure of the maxillary suture occurs as a child ages which results in an increase of maxillary resistance to protraction.

Report

A proposed therapy carried out in orthodontic and surgical phases was used in the treatment of two young patients. They were both beyond the optimal age range for the application of the orthopedic device (a girl 15 years old and a boy 16 years old), however, they had not reached the necessary skeletal maturity for orthognathic surgery.

The described technique has the advantage of being quick and easy to perform with a low surgical risk yielding satisfactory results after 15-20 days of therapy instead of the six to nine months associated with traditional procedures.

Citation

Pelo S, Boniello R, Gasparini G, Longobardi G. Maxillary Corticotomy and Extraoral Orthopedic Traction in Mature Teenage Patients: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 July;(8)5:076-084.
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Presenting as Post-extraction Hemorrhage
Authors: Martini Marcelo Zillo , Lopez Jesús Saavedra , Gendler José Luiz Pinto Lima , da Fonseca Eduardo Vasques , Soares Haroldo Arid , Franzi Sergio Altini
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this article is to present a case of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in order to emphasize the importance of the clinical exam since the anamnesis leads to a diagnostic hypothesis of ITP.

Background

Acute ITP is considered an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antibodies against platelets, antigens produced by a viral infection, or a platelet sparing drug combination. These antibodies adhere to platelets and are recognized and destroyed by the reticulo-endothelial system. Consequently, the platelet count gradually diminishes and is insufficient for the maintenance of primary hemostasis.

Report

A 77-year-old woman presented with post-extraction intermittent bleeding. The physical examination revealed discoloration of the skin, multiple petechiae, hematomas, ecchymosis of the upper lip, bruises all over the body, gingiva that bled spontaneously, and a malformed blood clot at the extraction site of tooth #44. The hematological exams confirmed the hypothesis of ITP. The patient was immediately hospitalized in the Hematology Department of a local hospital and received platelet replacement, hydration, medication, and general care. After the spontaneous bleeding stopped, the malformed clot was removed using alveolar curettage along with a thorough cleaning of the extraction site with a 0.9% saline solution before suturing the wound and prescribing medication. After the sixth day of hospitalization, the patient presented with the following results: Hb: 12.3 mg/dL, Ht: 36.1%, and PC: 87,000 mm3. The patient was then discharged and was placed under outpatient follow-up care.

The importance of the clinical exam must be emphasized since the anamnesis leads to a diagnostic hypothesis of ITP and provides the dental surgeon with an opportunity to make important systemic alterations to improve the prognosis of a patient with ITP.

Citation

Martini MZ, Lopez JS Jr., Gendler JLPL, da Fonseca EV, Soares HA, Franzi SA. Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Presenting as Post-extraction Hemorrhage. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 September; (8)6:043-049.
Phenobarbital-induced Gingival Hyperplasia
Authors: Lafzi Ardeshir , Farahani Ramin Mostofi Zadeh , Shoja Mohammad Ali Mohajjel
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this article is to present a case of a phenobarbital-induced gingival hyperplasia (GH), discuss possible etiological mechanisms of drug-induced GH, and to present a concise review of the literature.

Background

GH is a well-known complication associated with anticonvulsant phenytoin, antihypertensive calcium channel blockers, and immunosuppressant cyclosporine therapy. Sodium valproate and primidone has very rarely been found to cause GH.

Report

An extremely rare case of phenobarbital-induced GH in a 28-year-old male patient who had received this drug for three years is presented. The histological examination of the lesion revealed a hyperplastic epithelium, epithelial acanthosis, and elongated rete ridges as well as obviously enhanced dense collagenous fibers and proliferation of fibroblasts.

Phenobarbital-induced GH is a rare clinical entity which necessitates meticulous evaluation. However, it seems to show a benign behavior with reference to recurrence after surgical excision.

Citation

Lafzi A, Farahani RMZ, Shoja MAM. Phenobarbital-induced Gingival Hyperplasia. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 September; (8)6:050-056.
Maxillary Canine Impactions Related to Impacted Central Incisors: Two Case Reports
Authors: Özer Mete , Şener Ismail , Bayram Mehmet
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this case report is to describe the combined surgical and orthodontic treatment of two cases with an impacted maxillary central incisor and canine in the same quadrant and to discuss the causal relationship between them.

Background

The most common causes of canine impactions are usually the result of one or more factors such as a long path of eruption, tooth size-arch length discrepancies, abnormal position of the tooth bud, prolonged retention or early loss of the deciduous canine, trauma, the presence of an alveolar cleft, ankylosis, cystic or neoplastic formation, dilaceration of the root, supernumerary teeth, and odontomas. Although impaction of the maxillary central incisor is almost as prevalent as impacted canines its etiology is different. The principal factors involved in causing the anomaly are supernumerary teeth, odontomas, and trauma.

Reports Case #1

A 10.5-year-old girl in the early mixed dentition stage presented with a chief complaint of the appearance of her anterior teeth. She had a Class I skeletal pattern and a history of trauma to the maxillary central incisors at age five with premature exfoliation. Radiographs revealed an impacted upper right central incisor in the region of the nasal floor, delayed eruption of the maxillary permanent central incisor, and the adjacent lateral incisor was inclined toward the edentulous space. Treatment was done in two stages consisting of surgical exposure and traction of the impacted central incisor and fixed orthodontic treatment.

Case #2

An 11.5-year-old girl presented for orthodontic treatment with the chief complaint of an unerupted tooth and the appearance of her upper anterior teeth. She was in the late mixed dentition period with a Class III skeletal pattern along with an anterior cross-bite with some maxillary transverse deficiency. The maxillary right canine and central incisor were absent, but the maxillary right deciduous canine was still present. Treatment included arch expansion followed by surgical exposure and traction of the impacted teeth and fixed orthodontic treatment.

This case report provides some evidence of a significant environmental influence of an impacted maxillary central incisor on the path of eruption of the ipsilateral maxillary canine. When an impacted maxillary central incisor exists, the maxillary lateral incisor's root might be positioned distally into the path of eruption of the maxillary canine preventing its normal eruption. Ongoing assessment and early intervention might help to prevent such adverse situations from occurring.

Citation

Bayram M, Özer M, Sener I. Maxillary Canine Impactions Related to Impacted Central Incisors: Two Case Reports. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 September; (8)6:072-081.
Effect of Water Storage on Bond Strength of Self-etching Adhesives to Dentin
Authors: Garcia Rubens Nazareno , de Goes Mario Fernando , Giannini Marcelo
Published: July 2019

Aim

The objective of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of self-etching adhesive systems one week and one year after storage in water.

Methods and Materials

Fragments from the buccal surfaces of 45 bovine teeth were prepared (12 mm in length X 5 mm in width X 1.0 mm in thickness). Dentin surfaces were wet-abraded with 600-grit SiC paper to create a standardized smear layer. Samples were randomly assigned to 18 experimental groups (n=5), according to nine adhesive systems tested (Single Bond; Adper Prompt L-Pop; iBond; One-Up Bond F; Xeno III; Clearfil SE Bond; Optibond Solo Plus SE; Tyrian SPE/One-Step Plus; and UniFil Bond) and two waterstorage times (one week and one year). Adhesives were applied according to the manufacturers’ instructions. Z250 composite was applied into the molds to fill up the internal diameter volume of a Tygon tubing mold (1.0 mm high / 0.7 mm internal diameter). Micro-shear bond strengths were determined using an apparatus attached to an Instron Universal Testing Machine (0.5 mm/min). Data were statistically analyzed using a twoway analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey's test (5%).

Results

One year after water storage the dentin bond strength of all adhesive systems reduced significantly, except for One-Up Bond F.

Conclusion

Water-storage time decreased the bond strength for most dentin bonding agents tested.

Citation

Garcia RN, de Goes MF, Giannini M. Effect of Water Storage on Bond Strength of Self-etching Adhesives to Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:046-053.
Scanning Electron Microscope Assessment of Several Resharpening Techniques on the Cutting Edges of Gracey Curettes
Authors: Sampaio José Eduardo Cezar , Acevedo Roberto Antonio Andrade , Shibli Jamil A.
Published: July 2019

Aim

Treatment of periodontal diseases is based on efficient scaling and root planing (SRP) and adequate maintenance of the patient. The effectiveness of SRP is influenced by operator skill, access to the subgingival area, root anatomy, and the quality and type of instrument used for SRP. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cutting edges of Gracey curettes after manufacturing and after resharpening using several techniques.

Methods and Material

The cutting edges of a total of 41 new #5-6 stainless steel Gracey curettes were evaluated blindly using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The quality of the cutting edges was evaluated blindly by a calibrated examiner using micrographs. Data were analyzed using a Kruskal Wallis test and nonparametric two-way multiple comparisons.

Results and Conclusions

Different sharpening techniques had significantly different effects on the sharpeness of cutting edges (p<0.05). Sharpening by passing the lateral face of curettes over a sharpening stone and then a #299 Arkansas stone produced a high frequency of smooth, sharp edges or slightly irregular edges between the lateral and coronal faces of the curettes. Sharpening by passing a blunt stone over the curette's lateral face produced the poorest quality cutting edge (a bevel). Sharpening of the coronal curette face produced extremely irregular cutting edges and non-functional wire edges. Sharpening with rotary devices produced extremely irregular cutting edges.

Citation

Andrade Acevedo RA, Sampaio JEC, Shibli JA. Scanning Electron Microscope Assessment of Several Resharpening Techniques on the Cutting Edges of Gracey Curettes. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:070-077.
Triad of Bilateral Duplicated Permanent Teeth, Persistent Open Apex, and Tooth Malformation: A Case Report
Authors: Farahani Ramin Mostofi Zadeh , Zonuz Ali Taghavi
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this article is to report a case of bilateral multiple impacted supernumerary teeth. A discussion of possible mechanisms of development is also presented along with a concise review of the literature.

Background

Supernumerary teeth occur in the context of various scenarios in the primary and the permanent dentition. Multiple supernumerary teeth are a rare finding especially in the absence of associated syndrome or disease.

Report

A case of bilateral multiple impacted supernumerary teeth localized to the mandibular premolar region is reported. Some of the supernumerary teeth as well as the erupted premolars had persistent open apices. Coronal malformation of the right maxillary first premolar was another interesting finding. There was an absence of any concomitant disease.

The aforementioned combination of findings has not been reported previously. The anatomical, geometrical, and spatial relationships of supernumerary teeth with their erupted equivalents may shed light on some controversial aspects of the etiology.

Citation

Farahani RMZ, Zonuz AT. Triad of Bilateral Duplicated Permanent Teeth, Persistent Open Apex, and Tooth Malformation: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:094-100.