bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative studies of methods of obtaining AGW's propagation properties
Authors: Lue H. Y. , Kuo F. S.
Published: March 2012

Abstract. Three among the existing methods of obtaining the properties (intrinsic period, wavelength, propagation direction) of atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) were compared and studied by numerical method to simulate radar data. Three-dimensional fluctuation velocity satisfying dispersion equation and polarization relation of atmospheric gravity wave were generated, then the numerical data were analysed by these methods to obtain the properties of waves. We found that, hodograph analysis was accurate for a monochromatic wave in obtaining its wave period and propagation direction, but the analysis became erratic for the case of multiple waves' superposition. The error was especially large when data consisted of both upward propagating waves and downward propagating waves. The hodograph method became meaningful again if all the component waves propagated in the same direction and the resulting period was dominantly decided by the lowest frequency wave. Stokes parameters method would obtain statistically meaningful values of wave period and azimuth if the spreading of the azimuths among the component waves did not exceed 90° and the resulting period and azimuth were dominated by the lowest frequency wave component as well, irrespective of the vertical sense of propagation. Another method called phase and group velocity tracing technique was reconfirmed to be meaningful in measuring the characteristic wave period and vertical group and phase velocities of a wave packet: the characteristic wave period and vertical wavelength was dominated by the wave with the highest frequency among the component waves in the wave packet. Based on these numerical results, a composite procedure of data analysis for wave propagation was proposed and an example of real data analysis was presented.
The role of nocturnal Low-Level-Jet in nocturnal convection and rainfalls in the west Mediterranean coast: the episode of 14 December 2010 in northeast of Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Mazón J. , Pino D.
Published: March 2012

Abstract. The night of 14 December 2010 radar images of the Spanish Weather Agency recorded a large rain band that moved offshore at the Northeast coast of the Iberian Peninsula. MM5 mesoscale model is used to study the atmospheric dynamics during that day. A Nocturnal Low Level Jet (NLLJ) generated by an inertial oscillation that brings cold air to the coast from inland has been simulated in the area. This cold air interacts with a warmer air mass some kilometers offshore. According to the MM5 mesoscale model simulation, the cold air enhances upward movements of the warm air producing condensation. Additionally, there is a return flow to the coastline at 600–900 m high. This warm air mass interacts again with the cold air moving downslope, also producing condensation inland. The simulation for the night before this episode shows large drainage winds with a NLLJ profile, but no condensation areas. The night after the 14th the simulation also shows drainage winds but without a NLLJ profile. However, an offshore convergence area was produced with a returned flow, but no condensation inland occurred. This fact is in agreement with radar observations which reported no precipitation for these two days. Consequently, NLLJ in combination with a synoptic wind over the sea could enhance condensation and eventually precipitation rates in the Mediterranean Iberian coast.
Estimation of positive sum-to-one constrained zooplankton grazing preferences with the DEnKF: a twin experiment
Authors: Simon E. , Samuelsen A. , Bertino L. , Dumont D.
Published: March 2012

Abstract. We consider the estimation of the grazing preferences parameters of zooplankton in ocean ecosystem models with ensemble-based Kalman filters. These parameters are introduced to model the relative diet composition of zooplankton that consists of phytoplankton, small size-classes of zooplankton and detritus. They are positive values and their sum is equal to one. However, the sum-to-one constraint cannot be guaranteed by ensemble-based Kalman filters when parameters are bounded. Therefore, a reformulation of the parameterization is proposed. We investigate two types of variables transformations for the estimation of positive sum-to-one constrained parameters that lead to the estimation of new set of parameters with normal or bounded distributions. These transformations are illustrated and discussed with twin experiments performed with the 1-D coupled model GOTM-NORWECOM with Gaussian anamorphosis extensions of the deterministic ensemble Kalman filter (DEnKF).
3-D image-based numerical computations of snow permeability: links to specific surface area, density, and microstructural anisotropy
Authors: Calonne N. , Geindreau C. , Flin F. , Morin S. , Lesaffre B. , Rolland du Roscoat S. , Charrier P.
Published: March 2012

Abstract. We used three-dimensional (3-D) images of snow microstructure to carry out numerical estimations of the full tensor of the intrinsic permeability of snow (K). This study was performed on 35 snow samples, spanning a wide range of seasonal snow types. Because the permeability is related to a characteristic length, we introduced a dimensionless tensor K*=K/ res2, where the equivalent sphere radius of ice grains (res) is computed from the specific surface area of snow (SSA) and the ice density (ρi) as follows: res=3/(SSA x ρi). Values of K*, the average of vertical and horizontal components of K*, were plotted vs. snow density (ρs) and compared to analytical models and data from the literature, showing generally a good agreement. The 35 values of K* were fitted to ρs and provide the following regression: K*=2.94 x exp(–0.013 ρs), with a correlation coefficient of 0.985. This indicates that permeability, if assumed isotropic, can be reasonably determined from SSA and ρs, which are both easily measurable in the field. However, the anisotropy coefficient of K, induced by the snow microstructure, ranges from 0.74 to 1.66 for the samples considered. This behavior is consistent with that of the effective thermal conductivity obtained in a previous work.
Commercial archaeology in Spain: a sectoral system of innovation?
Authors:   Instituto de Ciencias del Patrimonio (Incipit) del CSIC Campus Sur de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Edificio Monte da Condesa, bajo 15782-SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA eva.parga-dans@incipit.csic.es, Parga-Dans Eva , Castro-Martínez Elena ,   INGENIO (CSIC-UPV) Universitat Politècnica de València. Edif. 8E 46022-VALENCIA ecastrom@ingenio.upv. es, Fernández De Lucio Ignacio ,   INGENIO (CSIC-UPV) Universitat Politècnica de València. Edif. 8E 46022-VALENCIA. ifernand@ingenio.upv.es
Published: March 2012

The publication of the Spanish Heritage Act of 1985, and the development of the construction sector (especially large infrastructure) during the first decade of the 21st century have been the major factors to trigger the rise of commercial archeology in Spain. The objective of this work is to characterize this emerging sector. We analyze the learning, interaction and innovation mechanisms between various actors, verifying whether the approach of sectoral systems of innovation and production can contribute to understanding industry dynamics and future developments, especially when the contextual conditions that led to the inception of this sector do not exist anymore. The lack of systematic data about the sector led to the search of a variety of sources to develop a companies' database. The empirical study on the 273 registered companies was carried out in 2009. Results obtained in the study show the emergence of a sector composed of a great number of micro and small companies, whose employees are both, high skilled and have a strong focus on their local markets. This fact can be regarded as a consequence of the regulations the companies are subject to. Cooperation between the companies mentioned and other actors inside the system is high, and the interaction among them shows specific characteristics, significantly different from the ones observed in the rest of professional scientific and technical business activities. The future of the sector will largely depend on its ability to increasing the size of its companies, and to diversify and expand to other markets.
Innovation and R&D Policy: the Case of Transforming Sector and Business Services Sector
Authors:   Fac. Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales de Albacete Universidad de Castilla – La Mancha. Plaza de la Universidad, 1 02071 Albacete. Mariasoledad.castano@uclm.es, Castaño Martínez María Soledad
Published: March 2012

This paper analyzes some de factors that improve product innovation for the case of transformation sector and business services sector. Among this factors are human capital, technology, market competition, business expectations, and export intensity of entrepreneurs of these sectors. In addition, it is considered efficiency of instruments of R&D policy. To achieve these goals it is calculated two PLS estimation for 25 countries in 2007 for each sector. The estimations show that there aren´t significant differences between two sector except in the case of human capital. These factors have more effects on product innovation in the case transforming sector.
Smart specialization strategies: a territorial strategy for regions
Authors:   Orkestra-Instituto Vasco de Competitividad y Deusto Business School, Navarro Arancegui Mikel , Aranguren Querejeta Mari José ,   Orkestra-Instituto Vasco de Competitividad y Deusto Business School, Magro Montero Edurne ,   Orkestra-Instituto Vasco de Competitividad
Published: March 2012

There is clear acknowledgment in the literature of the importance of developing regional innovation strategies to build to build competitiveness advantages. However the concept remains fuzzy in terms of its limits and contents applied to the territorial field. This paper aims to shed light on the contents a territorial strategy should include as well as on the main characteristics characteristics that present the development process of territorial strategies. Moreover, this paper analyses one concrete type of territorial strategy, which is currently being disseminated by the European Commission for regional development: the smart specialization strategy. In consequence, this paper analyses the aspects that remain under discussion and opened to a greater development and precision under the smart specialization concept.
Pregabalin and Gabapentin for Post-Photorefractive Keratectomy Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pakravan Mohammad , Roshani Maryam , Yazdani Shahin , Faramazi Amir , Yaseri Mehdi
Published: March 2012

Purpose

To evaluate the efficacy of pregabalin and gabapentin for reducing post–photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) pain.

Methods

In this randomized clinical trial, 150 subjects undergoing PRK were allocated into 3 groups. In addition to the routine regimen, pregabalin 75 mg, gabapentin 300 mg, and placebo were administered 3 times daily for 3 days, in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Subjects could take acetaminophen-codeine 300/10 mg tablets every 4 hours as needed. Patients completed a pain assessment survey (visual analogue scale ranging from 0 = no pain to 10 = most severe pain) 7 times in the first 3 days following PRK and also recorded the number of consumed acetaminophen-codeine tablets.

Results

Age, sex, refractive error, ablation depth, and mitomycin-C (MMC) application were similar in the 3 study groups (all p values>0.05). Overall pain scores in the placebo group were 0.9 and 1 unit higher than the pregabalin (p=0.029) and gabapentin (p=0.023) groups, respectively. Severe pain (score >7) was more frequent in the placebo group on the morning of the first postoperative day (p=0.043). The difference in the number of consumed acetaminophen-codeine tablets was statistically borderline (p=0.061) and less in the pregabalin (7.9±5.2) and gabapentin (9.0±4.1) groups in comparison to the placebo group (10.3±5.6).

Conclusions

Pregabalin and gabapentin seem to be helpful in alleviating post-PRK pain when combined with other measures. Depending on availability, either compound can be used as an adjuvant for pain control in this setting.
Co-localization of the PDGFβ-Receptor and Actin during PDGF Stimulation in Mouse Fibroblasts
Authors: Moes Maarten J. A. , Zhou Yeping , Boonstra Johannes
Published: March 2012

The subcellular localization of the PDGFβ-receptor was investigated in relation with PDGF-induced actin and membrane dynamics in mouse C3H10T1/2 fibroblasts. Serum-starved cells exhibit a nonhomogenous distribution of PDGFβ-receptors. However, the observed pattern does not resemble the localization of PDGF-induced actin structures. Interestingly, the PDGFβ-receptor showed a changed subcellular distribution in relation to the formation of PDGF-BB-induced actin structures. Upon PDGF exposure, PDGFβ-receptors were found to accumulate in dorsal circular ruffles. The presence of both macropinosomes and clathrin in the induced circular ruffles suggests that the accumulation of PDGFβ-receptors in circular ruffles results in the efficient internalization of PDGFβ-receptors.
As velhas fronteiras revisitadas: problematizando a formação territorial das fronteiras dos estados-nação Latino-americanos através do caso da Norpatagonia Argentina
Authors: Navarro Floria Pedro
Published: March 2012

Os espaços conhecidos como fronteiras, fronteiras ou margens dos sistemas colonial e nacional dos séculos XVIII e XIX ainda apresentam problemas que se expressam em suas representações sociais. Práticas espaciais como a criação de áreas naturais protegidas, circuitos turísticos ou corredores de circulação são ao mesmo tempo dependentes e geradoras de processos de valorização diferenciada, desenvolvimento desigual e funcionalização pelo sistema hegemônico. Isso se mostra no caso da Patagônia Norte Argentina, mas é proposto como hipótese para outros espaços marginais latino-americanos.
Displacement Maps and Narratives. Mapuche-Tehuelche Memories about State Subjection in North Patagonia.
Authors: Ramos Ana , Delrio Walter
Published: March 2012

A memória social das comunidades Mapuche e Tehuelche da Patagônia Argentina permite acessar modos não hegemônicos de territorialidade que discutem, acentuam e se relacionam com a cartografia oficial. As narrativas sobre o passado, especialmente aquelas que se referem às experiências de perseguição e subjugação estatal da geração dos “avós”, constituem não apenas uma versão do presente sobre aqueles processos ocorridos nas décadas de 1870 a 1890, mas também substituem marcos de interpretação em contextos de deslocamento. Estes constituem um elemento fundamental tanto para a reconstrução historiográfica desses processos como para o reconhecimento atual dos diferentes modos de construção e relação social com o espaço.
A introdução à História Natural de Tadeo Haenke e as representações da natureza na formação do Alto Peru
Authors: Navallo Tatiana
Published: March 2012

No quadro da consolidação do "arquivo" do conhecimento crioulo, segundo Higgins, apresenta-se a Introdução à História Natural da Província de Cochabamba e adjacências de Tadeo Haenke. Relatório apresentado pelo naturalista ao prefeito de Cochabamba Francisco de Viedma e publicado, parcialmente, no primeiro jornal de Buenos Aires, Telégrafo Mercantil (1801-1802). O texto, uma proposta sistemática do conhecimento científico do território do Alto Peru, busca informar os funcionários régios sobre os recursos naturais da região e seu uso se sua exploração estiver integrada a um circuito comercial local e intercontinental. As avaliações científicas da região descrita são apresentadas –em nível discursivo– como um processo de conformação simbólica e material da fronteira entre os vice-reinados do Peru e o Rio da Prata, reforçando positivamente o território e seus habitantes. Os modos que revelam a vontade de controlar o mundo natural e social, revitalizados com as reformas Bourbon, ilustram um jogo de representações em que a "boa ordem" e o "aproveitamento das riquezas naturais" promovem uma circulação dinâmica do conhecimento transatlântico espalhado pelo mundo . a imprensa do Rio da Prata.
De Menino Voador, Sabá e Iluminismo: notícias da Inquisição no Sertão do Ceará
Authors: Vieira Junior Antonio Otaviano
Published: March 2012

Tendo como ponto inicial uma carta denúncia remetida ao Tribunal do Santo Ofício de Lisboa, busca-se analisar rituais de cura no Sertão do Ceará no século XVIII. Nesse sentido, o artigo procura discutir a presença de diferentes percepções de realidades: a “ilustração” pombalina, o pensamento religioso contra-reformista, o imaginário que permeava os sabás europeus e elementos culturais dos povos indígenas cearenses.
Inventions for many voices: poetry, music and politics in Nicolás Guillén
Authors: Duarte Geni Rosa
Published: March 2012

O texto tem por objetivo discutir questões a respeito da obra poética de Nicolás Guillén, especificamente a produzida até inícios dos anos 1930, na perspectiva da história social. A partir das questões que emergem da sua poesia e da sua atuação em Cuba nesses anos, procura refletir sobre as tramas de interlocução nas quais o autor se insere, mais especificamente no ato político de incorporar vozes populares que se expressam a partir de formas musicais, entre outras, na sua poética, e dos sentidos sociais que sua obra passa a desempenhar no panorama cultural e político da época.
A máquina helênica de fazer guerra
Authors: Rossi Luiz Alexandre Solano
Published: March 2012

A guerra pode ser considerada elemento central na civilização helenística, por razões econômicas, estratégicas ou ainda ideológicas e, portanto, é um elemento determinante dessa civilização. A chegada de uma poderosa organização militar e de suas bem estruturadas técnicas de cerco e de combate pode ser considerada o primeiro veículo concreto do helenismo na Palestina. Os macedônios foram, devido ao seu ímpeto expansionista e belicoso, a indicação de que novos tempos estavam se aproximando.
As transformações da relação salarial na década de noventa e seu impacto nos acordos coletivos de trabalho da União Petrolífera do Estado (SUPE)
Authors: Capogrossi María Lorena
Published: March 2012

Neste artigo analisaremos as transformações ocorridas na esfera do trabalho a partir das reformas estruturais implementadas na Argentina durante a década de 90. No caso dos Campos Petrolíferos Fiscais, as inovações nas relações sociais de produção são mais evidentes. José Estenssoro foi nomeado controlador da firma em agosto de 1990. A implementação de um programa de racionalização de pessoal desde aquele ano e a incorporação de dispositivos de flexibilização trabalhista nos Acordos Coletivos de Trabalho do setor petrolífero evidenciam um aspecto das mudanças no modelo de acumulação que começou em meados da década de 1970: o enfraquecimento do movimento sindical organizado e os obstáculos que ele enfrenta na construção de novos modelos organizacionais que lhe permitam defender-se efetivamente contra a investida do capital.
Segurança privada e infraestrutura crítica: desafios para a governança da segurança doméstica dos EUA pós 11 de setembro
Authors: Lopes Cleber da Silva
Published: March 2012

A governança da segurança dos EUA, após os atentados de 11 de setembro de 2001, tem sido marcada pela participação do setor de segurança privada. Externamente, os EUA têm feito uso de empresas militares privadas para dar apoio ou proteger seus recursos materiais e humanos em zonas de conflito. Internamente, as ameaças de ataques contra a infraestrutura dos EUA alçaram o setor de segurança privada à condição de parceiro chave na promoção da segurança nacional. Uma literatura crescente tem se debruçado sobre o uso de empresas militares privadas em conflitos internacionais, mas o papel da segurança privada na promoção da segurança doméstica dos EUA tem sido largamente negligenciado. O objetivo desse trabalho é discutir alguns dos desafios e implicações que a segurança privada coloca para a governança da segurança nacional dos EUA no período pós-11 de setembro.
Construindo “eles”: A necessidade de perceber o “outro” em um mundo então “nosso”
Authors: Santos Héder Junior dos , Chaves Luana Hordones
Published: March 2012

Esse artigo propõe uma leitura do filme Yasmin (Inglaterra/ Alemanha, 2004), dirigido por Kenneth Glenaan, que tem por temática a inserção de imigrantes paquistaneses alocados na Inglaterra do início do século XXI, os quais são diretamente afetados pelas reverberações do ataque terrorista às torres gêmeas de Nova Iorque. Tratando da dificuldade de adaptação desses imigrantes por razões de identidade cultural, assim como por sua condição socioeconômica na sociedade inglesa, a narrativa sugere relações sociais que, senão problemáticas, parecem ser estabelecidas de forma frágil entre o “eu” inglês e o “outro” paquistanês: o que é evidenciado após o 11 de setembro de 2001.
Jurupari ou “visagens”: reflexões sobre os descompassos interpretativos existentes entre os pontos de vista psiquiátrico e indígenas
Authors: Ferreira Luciane Ouriques
Published: March 2012

Um jovem Waiwai passou a sofrer de “crises” depois de ter encontrado com Jurupari, um ser da floresta, em uma de suas caçadas. Depois de atendê-lo, a Equipe Multidisciplinar de Saúde Indígena o encaminhou para tratamento psiquiátrico no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde do município de Santarém, Pará. Para falar sobre o mal que lhe acometeu o jovem índio recorreu ao sistema de significados que opera no contexto sociocultural do qual ele faz parte. Por sua vez, os profissionais de saúde que o atenderam traduziram a narrativa indígena para os seus próprios termos empregando para isso uma linguagem sustentada sobre a racionalidade biomédica. É sobre esse processo de tradução que transforma a narrativa do paciente em categorias diagnósticas universais da psiquiatria que recai o nosso foco de análise deste ensaio antropológico.
A regulação das relações de trabalho na terceirização da indústria de calçados de Franca
Authors: Almeida Marina Stefani de
Published: March 2012

Este texto disserta sobre as relações de trabalho na terceirização da indústria de calçados de Franca, São Paulo. As indústrias de calçados fazem largo uso da terceirização de algumas fases do processo produtivo para pequenas unidades produtivas, que utilizam mão-de-obra familiar, de vizinhos e conhecidos, de forma informal e em caráter temporário. As relações de trabalho desenvolvidas nesse contexto são regidas pela pessoalidade e pela relação direta “patrão” e empregado, mas também adotam de modo informal as regras das relações formais de trabalho. Assim, encontramos um entrelaçamento das regras objetivas do trabalho formal e a pessoalidade existente numa relação de trabalho informal, que configura relações de trabalho bem específicas. Nesse texto buscaremos trazer à tona as peculiaridades das relações de trabalho encontradas nessas pequenas unidades produtivas terceirizadas.
The Effect of Platelet-rich Plasma on Wounds of OLETF Rats Using Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and -9 mRNA
Authors: Shin Ho Seong , Oh Hwa Young
Published: March 2012

Background Complicated diabetic patients show impaired, delayed wound healing caused by multiple factors. A study on wound healing showed that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was effective in normal tissue regeneration. Nonetheless, there is no evidence that when plateletrich plasma is applied to diabetic wounds, it normalizes the diabetic wound healing process. In this study, we have analyzed matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 expression to investigate the effect of PRP on diabetic wounds.

Methods Twenty-four-week-old male Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats were provided by the Tokushima Research Institute. At 50 weeks, wounds were arranged in two sites on the lateral paraspinal areas. Each wound was treated with PRP gel and physiologic saline gauze. To determine the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, which was chosen as a marker of wound healing, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed and local distribution and expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 was also observed throughout the immunohistochemical staining.

Results RT-PCR and the immunohistochemical study showed that the levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 mRNA expression in PRP applied tissues were higher than MMP-2, MMP-9 mRNA expression in saline-applied tissues. MMP-9 mRNA expression in wounds of diabetic rats decreased after healing began to occur. But no statistical differences were detected on the basis of body weight or fasting blood glucose levels.

Conclusions This study could indicate the extracellular matrix-regulating effect observed with PRP. Our results of the acceleration of wound healing events by PRP under hyperglycemic conditions might be a useful clue for future clinical treatment for diabetic wounds.
Use of the Fix and Flap Approach to Complex Open Elbow Injury: The Role of the Free Anterolateral Thigh Flap
Authors: Chui Christopher Hoe-Kong , Wong Chin-Ho , Chew Winston Y , Low Mun-Hon , Tan Bien-Keem
Published: March 2012

Background Complex elbow injuries with associated nerve, muscle, or joint injury commonly develop post-inury stiffness. In order to preserve function, joint congruency, elbow stability and durable wound coverage must be achieved in a timely manner.

Methods A retrospective review of patients who underwent orthopaedic fixation followed by free anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap soft tissue coverage was performed. Five patients were identified and included in this study.

Results We present a series of 5 cases managed with this principle. Soft tissue defects ranged in size from 4×9 cm (36 cm2) to 15×30 cm (450 cm2) and were located either posteriorly (n=4) or anteriorly (n=1). Associated injuries included open fractures (n=3) and motor nerve transection (n=2). Wound coverage was achieved in a mean duration of 18.8 days (range, 11 to 42 day). There were no flap failures and no major complications. The mean postoperative active elbow motion was 102° (range, 45° to 140°).

Conclusions In our small series we have highlighted the safety and utility of using the free ALT flap in complex elbow injuries. The ALT flap has many advantages which include abundant skin and subcutaneous tissue; vascularised vastus lateralis muscle that was used in our series to obliterate dead space, provide a vascular bed for nerve grafts and combat infection; and, access to fascia lata grafts for reconstruction of the triceps tendon.
Treatment of Axillary Osmidrosis Using a Subcutaneous Pulsed Nd-YAG Laser
Authors: Kim Daejin , Kim Junhyung , Yeo Hyeonjung , Kwon Hyukjun , Son Daegu , Han Kihwan
Published: March 2012

Background Axillary osmidrosis is characterized by an unpleasant odor, profuse sweating, and in some instances, staining of clothes that may socially and psychologically impair affected individuals. Various types of surgical procedures have been developed for the treatment of axillary osmidrosis. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of subcutaneous pulsed neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd-YAG) laser treatment for the treatment of axillary osmidrosis.

Methods Twenty-nine patients with axillary osmidrosis were included in this study. Patients were categorized according to the results of an axillary malodor grading system, and a subcutaneous pulsed Nd-YAG laser was applied to all patients. The treatment area for the appropriate distribution of laser energy was determined using the iodine starch test (Minor's test) against a grid pattern composed of 2×2 cm squares. The endpoint of exposure was 300 to 500 J for each grid, depending on the preoperative evaluation results. The results were evaluated by measurement of axillary malodor both pre- and postoperatively using the grading system and iodine starch test.

Results The average follow-up period was 12.8 months. Nineteen patients had a fair-to-good result and ten patients had poor results. The postoperative Minor's test demonstrated that there were remarkable improvements for patients with mild to moderate symptoms. Complications including superficial second degree burns (n=3) were treated in a conservative manner. A deep second degree burn (n=1) was treated by a surgical procedure.

Conclusions Subcutaneous pulsed Nd-YAG laser has many advantages and is an effective noninvasive treatment for mild to moderate axillary osmidrosis.
A Case of Heel Reconstruction with a Reverse Sural Artery Flap in a Hemophilia B Patient
Authors: Lee Byung Kwon , Shim Jeong Su
Published: March 2012

Hemophilia B is a rare blood coagulation disorder. Complications such as bleeding and hematoma can cause necrosis of flaps, wound disruption, and the disturbance of wound healing. In particular, guidelines for flap operations in hemophilia B patients have still not been defined, and case reports are rare. We reconstructed the heel of a 41-year-old male hemophilia B patient using a reverse sural artery flap operation. The patient presented with mild hemophilia, having 27% of the normal value of coagulation factor IX. Coagulation and the changing value of the coagulation factor were regularly measured, and 70% of the normal value of coagulation factor IX was maintained through the injection of recombinant coagulation factors and antihemorrhagics. Hematoma developed twice (postoperative day [POD] 5 and POD 7) and in each case the hematoma was removed. Injections of recombinant coagulation factors and antihemorrhagics were continuously administered until postoperative week 2. When the coagulation factors were within normal ranges. In this article, a hemophilia B patient underwent reverse sural artery flap surgery and the healing progress was analyzed. We conclude that higher than baseline levels of coagulation factors are needed for successful healing in reverse sural artery flap surgery.
Improvement of Upper Extremity Lymphedema after Delayed Breast Reconstruction with an Extended Latissimus Dorsi Myocutaneous Flap
Authors: Lee Kyeong Tae , Lim So-Young , Pyun Jai-Kyung , Mun Goo-Hyun , Oh Kap-Sung , Bang Sa-Ik
Published: March 2012

Lymphedema is a common complication after mastectomy in breast cancer patients. Many treatment options are available, but no treatment results in a complete cure. We report a case of lymphedema that occurred after modified radical mastectomy in a breast cancer patient who showed objective improvement after delayed breast reconstruction with an latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap. A 41-year-old female patient with left breast cancer had undergone modified radical mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection and postoperative radiotherapy 12 years previously. Four years after surgery, lymphedema developed and increased in aggravation despite conservative treatment. Eight years after the first operation, the patient underwent delayed breast reconstruction using the extended latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap method. After reconstruction, the patient's lymphedema symptoms showed dramatic improvement by subjective measures including tissue softness and feeling of lightness, and by objective measures of about 7 mL per a week, resulting in near normal ranges of volume. At a postoperative follow-up after 3 years, no recurrence was observed. Delayed breast reconstruction with extended latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps may be helpful to patients with lymphedema after mastectomy. This may be a good option for patients who are worried about the possibility of the occurrence or aggravation of secondary lymphedema.
Multiple Myopericytoma of the Face and Parotid Gland
Authors: Jung Yun-Ik , Chung Yoon-Kyu , Chung Seum
Published: March 2012

Myopericytoma is a benign tumor that is composed of myoid-appearing oval to spindle-shaped cells with a concentric perivascular pattern of growth. The tumor is morphologically heterogeneous and can exhibit a broad histologic spectrum. We describe a case of multiple myopericytoma occurring in the head and neck skin region with involvement of the parotid gland where it is known to occur very rarely. A 40-year-old woman noticed multiple enlarging, painless, round-shaped masses on her left cheek. The patient had experienced a similar lesion of the same area 8 years earlier which was completely excised and the pathological diagnosis was spindle cell type myoepithelioma. On a computed tomographic image, one mass involved the superficial parotid gland and was well encapsulated. Excision of the facial masses and superficial parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation were performed. A diagnosis of myopericytoma was established in light of the immunohistochemical pattern with the histopathological findings. Over the 4-year follow-up period, there was no evidence of recurrence. As many perivascular myoid neoplasms share common morphologic features with myopericytoma, we should consider the differential diagnosis, and confirm the histological findings with appropriate immunohistochemical staining. After identifying myopericytoma, it should be treated with wide surgical excision to prevent local recurrence.
Elevating the Importance of Local Elections
Authors: Behrens Deanna M. , Gambill Lauren , Beck Andrew F.
Published: June 2024

This Viewpoint discusses the reasons why local elections are important and the ways that health care professionals can get involved.
Medical Forecasting—A Skill Set Worthy of Attention
Authors: Creutzfeldt Claire J. , Holloway Robert G.
Published: June 2024

This Viewpoint discusses the importance of developing medical forecasting skills to improve clinician/patient/family communications regarding prognosis.
Deconstructing deception: Frequency, communicator characteristics, and linguistic features of embeddedness
Authors: Markowitz David M.
Published: June 2024

Deceptive and truthful statements draw on a common pool of communication data, and they are typically embedded within false and truthful narratives. How often does embeddedness occur, who communicates embedded deceptions and truths, and what linguistic characteristics reveal embeddedness? In this study, nearly 800 participants deceived or told the truth about their friends and indicated the embedded deceptions (e.g., false statements told within entirely false or truthful messages) and truths (e.g., truthful statements told within entirely false or truthful messages). Embedded deceiving and truth‐telling rates were only statistically different among those who were instructed to tell the truth. Therefore, the distribution of embedded deceptions and truths were similar for false statements, but dissimilar for truthful statements. Embedded truths were also more likely to be written by women (vs men), liberals (vs conservatives), and communicated in a formal versus narrative style. Theoretical implications are discussed.
Counterfactuals in mainstream media: A pathway for blame attribution and policy endorsement in police lethal force incidents
Authors: Smith Olivia K. H. , Nuñez Narina
Published: June 2024

Previous research demonstrates that exposure to police lethal force through the media impacts individuals' support for police reform, but the mechanism driving this support is underexplored. The current study examines how news media counterfactuals (i.e., creating alternative outcomes for events that have already occurred) influence individuals' processing of police lethal force incidents, and how these perceptions, in turn, impact support for police reform. In a 2 (victim race: Black vs. White) × 3 (counterfactual target: victim, officer, or no counterfactual control) factorial design, 925 participants read a news article summarizing a lethal force incident, assigned blame for both the officer and victim, and reported their endorsement for various police reforms. Results indicated counterfactual target impacted blame attributions, and these blame attributions predicted endorsement of police reform while controlling for Attitudes Towards Police Legitimacy (APLS). These findings illustrate how media counterfactuals can influence blame, and importantly, influence perceptions of various police reforms.
STL Inhibited Angiogenesis of DPSCs Through Depressing Mitochondrial Respiration by Enhancing RNF217
Authors: Wang Wanqing , Yang Haoqing , Fan Zhipeng , Shi Ruitang
Published: June 2024

Angiogenesis is the determining factor during dental pulp regeneration. Six‐twelve leukemia (STL) is identified as a key regulatory factor on the biological function of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) under hypoxic conditions, but its effect on angiogenesis is unclear. Co‐culture of DPSCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) is used to detect tubule formation ability in vitro and the angiogenesis ability in vivo. RNA‐seq and bioinformatic analyses are performed to screen differentially expressed genes. Seahorse Cell Mito Stress Test is proceeded to exam mitochondrial respiration. STL decreased tubule formation and mitochondrial respiration of DPSCs in vitro and restrained the number of blood vessels and the expression of VEGF in new formed tissue in vivo. Furthermore, pretreating STL‐depleted DPSCs with rotenone, a mitochondrial respiration inhibitor, counteracted the promoting effect of STL knockdown on tubule formation. Then, RNA‐seq and bioinformatic analyses identified some angiogenesis relevant genes and pathways in STL‐depleted DPSCs. And STL enhanced expression of mRNA‐ring finger protein 217 (RNF217), which inhibited the tubule formation and mitochondrial respiration of DPSCs. STL inhibited the angiogenesis of DPSCs through depressing mitochondrial respiration by enhancing RNF217, indicating that STL is a potential target for angiogenesis of DPSCs.
An active disturbance rejection control approach to vibration control on flexible systems based on frequency response
Authors: Lin Shuyang
Published: June 2024

Active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) is considerably applied due to its advantage of focusing on merely dominant parameters. Research on flexible systems frequently confronting perplexing disturbances can utilize this method to simplify irrelevant items as a single variable. In this paper, we focused on vibration control problems in flexible systems with the application of ADRC and constructed a second‐order system model under the guideline of fundamental principles of ADRC and an innovative algorithm for tuning feedforward compensation ADRC. During the simulation, we discussed three cases in which each solely one parameter varies while others are kept invariant. Time, open‐loop frequency, and close‐loop frequency responses were respectively analyzed in all cases as to determine the stability of the system. According to the simulation results, we arrived at the conclusion: we should choose the specification of a flexible system within an intermediate range and evade from critical system parameters to procure stability and efficiency.
High Power Density Ag2Se/Sb1.5Bi0.5Te3‐Based Fully Printed Origami Thermoelectric Module for Low‐Grade Thermal Energy Harvesting
Authors: Franke Leonard , Georg Rösch Andres , Khan Muhammad Irfan , Zhang Qihao , Long Zhongmin , Brunetti Irene , Joglar Matías Nicolas , Lara Ana Moya , Simão Claudia Delgado , Geßwein Holger , Nefedov Alexei , Eggeler Yolita M. , Lemmer Uli , Mallick Md Mofasser
Published: June 2024

Printing technologies have the potential to reduce the manufacturing costs of many electronic devices significantly. Here, a scalable manufacturing route for high‐performance fully printed thermoelectric generators (TEGs) as a cost‐effective solution for energy harvesting is demonstrated. This work presents a facile one‐pot synthesis method to develop a high‐performance Ag2Se‐based n‐type paste, which is used to fabricate a fully printed origami TEG by employing the Ag2Se‐based material for the n‐type legs and a previously reported Bi‐Sb‐Te‐based paste for the p‐type legs. The n‐type film exhibits a power factor of 13.5 µW cm−1 K−2 and a maximum figure‐of‐merit (ZT) of ≈ 0.92. Furthermore, printable carbon paste is introduced as an effective interface between the thermoelectric and electrode materials, which reduces the contact resistances in the thermoelectric device. The origami folded TEG exhibits an open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 284 mV, a power output of 370.88 µW, and an exceptionally high power density (pmax) of 10.72 Wm−2 at a temperature difference (∆T) of 80.7 K, considering that the TEG fabrication does not involve any pressure treatment and vacuum sintering. These results underscore the scalability of the presented manufacturing process and the capability of printed origami TEGs for powering the Internet of Things (IoT) with low‐grade waste heat.
Dual Identity Validation of a Robust MOF Membrane for Efficient Multiscenario CO2 Separation
Authors: Liu Liangliang , Peng Yuan , Li Kun , Zhu Chenyu , Yang Weishen
Published: June 2024

Robust high‐valence metal–organic framework (MOF) membranes for CO2 separations show great promise for achieving carbon neutrality. Herein, the elegant fabrication of tetravalent zirconium Materials of Institute Lavoisier‐140A (MIL‐140A) membranes are pioneered and validated the intriguing dual role for both CO2‐selective and CO2‐rejective separations by combining structural regulation with the exploitation of the appropriate anisotropic ultramicropores. This inimitable separation ability of “hitting two targets with one arrow” with distinctive molecular size cut‐offs, which originated from the significant orientation transformation, enables the membranes to satisfy multiscenario CO2 capture requirements. The preferred (h0h)‐oriented MIL‐140A membranes exhibit superior mixed CO2/CH4 separation capacities (a separation factor of ≈30), while the highly (200)‐oriented MIL‐140A membranes exhibit remarkable mixed H2/CO2 separation capacities (a separation factor of ≈540), and they both ranked at the top among the present MOF membranes. This work highlights the promising prospects of the fresh MIL‐140 series for a given membrane‐based multiscenario CO2 separation application through microstructure customization and manipulation.
Low‐Power Charge Trap Flash Memory with MoS2 Channel for High‐Density In‐Memory Computing
Authors: Kim Yeong Kwon , Park Sangyong , Choi Junhwan , Park Hamin , Jang Byung Chul
Published: June 2024

With the rise of on‐device artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the demand for in‐memory comptuing has surged for data‐intensive tasks on edge devices. However, on‐device AI requires high‐density, low‐power memory‐based computing to efficiently handle large data volumes. Here, this study proposes a reliable multilevel, high gate‐coupling ratio memory device with MoS2 channel tailored for high‐density 3D NAND Flash‐based in‐memory computing. The MoS2 channel, featured by its small bandgap and high‐mobility, facilitates reliable memory window of approximately 8 V thanks to erase operation through hole injection. This not only suppresses vertical charge loss but also alleviates the burden on voltage generator circuits, indicating the suitability of MoS2 as channel material for 3D NAND Flash architecture. Additionally, a low‐k (≈2.2) tunneling layer deposited via initiated chemical vapor deposition increases the gate‐coupling ratio, thereby reducing the operating voltage. Utilizing Au nanoparticles as the charge storage layer, MoS2 memory devices show synaptic plasticity with 6‐bit, endurance (104 cycles), read disturbance (105 cycles), and retention times (105 s). Furthermore, device‐to‐system simulations for neural networks based on MoS2‐memory devices have successfully achieved a fingerprint recognition of 95.8%. These results provide the foundation to develop multi‐bit MoS2‐memory devices for AI accelerators and 3D NAND Flash memory.
Nano‐Engineered Magnesium Implants for Magnetothermal Enhanced Pyroptosis to Boost Immunotherapy
Authors: Han Xiao , Sun Shumin , Yang Nailin , Han Zhihui , Pei Zifan , Yu Qiao , Nie Jihu , Wang Li , Liu Anhong , Meng Xiangxue , Wang Zhanhui , Cheng Liang
Published: June 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading contributors to cancer‐related death because the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) limits its therapeutic efficacy. Gasdermin (GSDM)‐mediated pyroptosis is a new programmed cell death that can boost antitumor immune responses. However, inducing efficient pyroptosis to reverse the immunosuppressive TME is challenging. Herein, layered double hydroxide‐coated magnesium (Zn‐LDH@Mg) implants are designed and constructed as alternating magnetic field (AMF)‐activated pyroptosis inducers to induce highly effective pyroptosis in cancer cells. The powerful eddy‐thermal effects of Zn‐LDH@Mg implants markedly amplify pyroptosis in malignant cells through the Caspase‐1/GSDMD‐dependent canonical pathway. Moreover, Mg2+ and pyroptosis synergistically activate T cells (especially CD8+ T cells) and enhance the infiltration of immune‐supportive cells. This innovative strategy not only significantly suppresses the proliferation of the primary tumor but also stimulates the immune response to further enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors and impede the progression of distant tumors. This work not only emphasizes the importance of surface engineering strategies for the preparation of novel pyroptosis inducers but also highlights the effectiveness of the strategy in reversing the immunosuppressive TME to enhance immunotherapy, providing a new approach for the rational design of bioactive materials to increase the efficacy of immunotherapy.
Contact‐Engineering of Self‐Aligned‐Gate Metal Oxide Transistors Processed via Electrode Self‐Delamination and Rapid Photonic Curing
Authors: Luo Linqu , Faber Hendrik , Liu Chen , Doukas Spyros , Yarali Emre , Adilbekova Begimai , Naphade Dipti R. , Xiao Na , Ma Yinchang , Mazo‐Mantilla Harold F. , Panagiotidis Lazaros , Alghamdi Wejdan S. , Florica Camelia Florina , Nugraha Mohamad Insan , Li Xiaohang , Zhang Xixiang , Heeney Martin , Lidorikis Elefterios , Anthopoulos Thomas D.
Published: June 2024

Metal oxide thin‐film transistors (TFTs) offer remarkable opportunities for applications in emerging transparent and flexible microelectronics. Unfortunately, their performance is hindered by limitations associated with parasitic effects, such as parasitic electrode overlap capacitances and high contact resistance, which can severely limit their dynamic behavior. Here, an innovative method is reported to fabricate coplanar self‐aligned‐gate (SAG) indium‐gallium‐zinc‐oxide (IGZO) transistors with engineered source/drain contacts. The manufacturing process starts with the deposition and patterning of a gate electrode/dielectric stack and its functionalization with an organic self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) as the surface energy modifier. A second gold (Au) electrode is subsequently deposited over the gate electrode stack. The overlapping region between the two electrodes is removed via self‐delamination under mild sonication, forming perfectly aligned coplanar Au‐Gate‐Au electrodes. Device fabrication is completed with the spin coating of the IGZO precursor, followed by rapid photonic curing. Replacing the gold source/drain contact with bimetallic electrodes such as Au/In and Au/ITO enables a reduction in contact resistance and improves the transistor performance remarkably without increasing manufacturing complexity. The method is highly scalable, robust, and applicable to other semiconductor materials.
Internal Electron Donor Accelerated Sulfur Redox for Aqueous Zn─S Batteries
Authors: Zhang Hui , Yang Min , Xiao Jin , Wu Zhibin , Xin Wenli , Xiao Xilin , Niu Mengfan , Yan Zichao , Zhu Zhiqiang
Published: June 2024

Improving the electrical conductivity of sulfur cathode while ensuring its high affinity to catalyst holds the key to facilitate the reaction kinetics of aqueous zinc–sulfur batteries. Herein, the sulfur redox in aqueous electrolyte is accelerated by introducing selenium–sulfur bonds into the sulfur structure to build an internal electron transport path. The Se with less electronegativity can act as an electron donor to accelerate the binding between S and Zn2+. Meanwhile, the bonded Se in the electron‐poor state endows the modified sulfur cathode with a strong affinity to the I3− catalyst, which further facilitates the conversion efficiency. Thus, the internal electron donor assisted sulfur cathode delivers excellent electrochemical performance in terms of high reversible capacity (1490 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1), competitive rate performance (1010 mAh g−1 at 4 A g−1), as well as outstanding cycle stability (735 mAh g−1 at 4 A g−1 after 500 cycles).