bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finding The Ideal: Clothing And Gender In Symbolist Art
Authors: Trott Brigid
Published: June 2023

 This Major Research Project explores the role of clothing in Symbolist visual art at the end of the nineteenth century. Through a formal visual analysis of clothing in a selection of Symbolist artworks from the 1870s until the early 1900s, this research project specifically examines how clothing in Symbolist art communicates fin-de-siècle notions of gender identity. From a feminist art historical and fashion-based lens, this project investigates the female nude, the femme fatale, women in nature, and the androgyne in Symbolist visual art. Combining the analysis with Symbolism’s theories of correspondences and synthesis, this project concludes that these Symbolist representations of clothing figures communicate ideals that complicate the popular modern understanding of gender. 
Performing “Acts”: The Entwined Lives Of Ballet Costumes And People Through Social Action
Authors: Acaso Avalon Catherine
Published: June 2023

Much like a fairy godmother transforming Cinderella for the ball, the role of a ballet costume completes a similar task in dressing a dancer into a character for a spectacle performance. However, there is more to a costume’s “life” than being worn onstage each night in front of an audience. A theatre costume is a vibrant object with animacy that, like humans, can live a long life filled with social interactions on and off the stage with different people throughout time. By analyzing two costumes from the National Ballet of Canada’s production of The Sleeping Beauty (1972), this study uses methodologies such as object-based research and object biography to trace the lives of these costumes to examine the different types of actions that it produces, as well as the human action produced by individuals to the costume itself. From the acts of making, wearing, and repairing costume, to the acts of archiving and researching, each phase of the garment’s life is filled with various types of people and actions that further create memory both in the costume’s materiality and an individual’s life. Working within the scope of new materialism and material culture that centres around the idea that objects and humans give meaning to one another, this paper discusses the entwined biographies of ballet costumes and the people involved throughout its lifetime. 
Undressing Masculinity: How Men Fashion Themselves Through Underwear
Authors: Clancy Johnathan D.
Published: June 2023

Underwear is a ubiquitous form of garment which is used by nearly all men on any given day. However, studies of men’s fashion and daily dress practices do not examine how these items shape men’s lives. Past research on underwear focuses on brands, advertising, and (rarely) individual identity. How groups of men engage with underwear daily as part of their identities or what implications these practices might have for wider understandings of masculinity have not been explored. How the material garment of underwear interacts with the fleshy male body is also left unexamined. This research uses wardrobe interviews with nine men, alongside object analyses of their favorite pairs of underwear, to investigate how their relationship to underwear has developed and evolved over the course of their lives, how their underwear choices change— or not change—in different contexts, and how men navigate and manage their body through their underwear. Participants included several white and Asian identifying men along with one mixed race man and a Latino man. Most identified as heterosexuals. In the course of this study three themes emerged: how underwear relates to the intimate body; what influences their decisions around underwear consumption; and how men’s underwear is disavowed as part of fashion. My research uncovered that men develop emotional bonds with their underwear—and rely upon these garments as part of their gender performance—but their engagement with these items is restricted by social boundaries which serve to reify attributes of hegemonic masculinity. Keywords: underwear, men’s fashion, masculinity, fashion, manhood acts, hegemonic masculinity 
Procesos formativos en la investigación educativa. Diálogos, reflexiones, convergencias y divergencias
Authors:   Centro de Investigación y Docencia, Chihuahua, México, Arzola Franco David Manuel
Published: June 2023

Procesos formativos en la investigación educativa. Diálogos, reflexiones, convergencias y divergencias, da cuenta del diálogo como elemento constitutivo para avanzar en nuestra tarea como investigadores educativos. No hay posibilidad de construcción científica alguna sin la reflexión y el diálogo. Es parte de nuestra tarea significar y resignificar el diálogo, de revalorar sus sentidos en la construcción social del conocimiento y en su difusión y aplicación para contribuir al desarrollo equitativo de cada espacio social y educativo. La tolerancia es fundamental en esta tarea, especialmente en un contexto social tan polarizado como el que vive hoy la sociedad mexicana.
El paradigma en investigación educativa: construyendo consciencia sobre lo que se hace
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México, Elías Hernández Juan Andrés
Published: June 2023

En este documento se problematiza el concepto de paradigma de investigación desde la óptica de la filosofía de la ciencia. Los marcos referenciales se constituyen, principalmente, de las propuestas de Kuhn (2013) y Guba y Lincoln (2012), además de otros teóricos. En primera instancia, y después de plantear brevemente el contexto que da luz a este documento, se realiza una inmersión en el concepto de paradigma y sus implicaciones para el campo de la investigación educativa, asimismo se argumenta la necesidad de hacer consciencia en el investigador en formación, sobre el basamento paradigmático en los procesos de indagación científica; además se realiza una breve semblanza de los paradigmas propuestos con objeto de contextualizar la discusión, y finalmente, se delinean algunas bases mínimas para la construcción de un espíritu científico que posibilite el entendimiento del acto y permita dilucidar los límites y posibilidades que ofrecen cada una de las construcciones paradigmáticas. Una de las conclusiones a las que se aspira consiste en comprender el carácter rector que posee este concepto, se esté consciente o no de ello, por parte de quien emprende una búsqueda de conocimiento.
Alternativas para la formación de investigadores en educación
Authors:   Centro de Investigación y Docencia, Chihuahua, México, González Ortiz Ana María
Published: June 2023

El ensayo que se presenta plantea algunas reflexiones sobre la investigación educativa, las condiciones actuales y apoyos que demandan los investigadores, los productos y perfiles que requieren para ser reconocidos, así como la formación para el desarrollo de competencias investigativas. Se revisan las posibilidades que brindan los posgrados en la tarea de formar investigadores, si bien de manera incipiente por las limitaciones y condiciones para realizar proyectos de investigación relevantes. También se destaca el trabajo de los Cuerpos Académicos como una de las estrategias de organización para el desarrollo de las tareas sustantivas de las Instituciones de Educación Superior, y su potencial para detonar procesos de formación de investigadores, al constituirse en espacios de trabajo colegiado donde la tarea central es la realización de proyectos que requieren el análisis, discusión y reflexión sobre el sustento ontológico, epistemológico y metodológico de la investigación. Necesariamente la formación para la investigación requiere conocimientos, desarrollo de habilidades, pensamiento crítico, responsabilidad ética y compromiso social para hacer evidente las condiciones, necesidades y problemáticas que tiene la educación en la actualidad.
Prevention of Fraud to Achieve Accountability For Village Fund Management
Authors: Mufidah Mufidah , Herawaty Netty
Published: June 2023

The study aims to analyze the influence of internal control and competence on fraud prevention to achieve accountability for village fund management in pandemic times. Internal control and competence of village officials become one of the challenges in this pandemic period where the village government is more efficient and effective in using the budget. But there are still factors that cause reduced accountability in the management of village funds caused by the change of village heads that bring an overhaul of their leadership structure. In addition, there are still many activities that are not in accordance with Permendes priority.This resulted in one of the causes of weak internal control and competence possessed by the village apparatus. This study used Purposive sampling in Muaro Jambi district as many as 50 respondents. This research is quantitative research with a causality research design. Cross-section data types and primary data sources. Data analysis techniques using SEM-PLS. The results showed that internal control significantly affects fraud prevention directly, and indirectly affects accountability. Conversely, competence does not affect fraud prevention and does not affect either directly or indirectly on accountability for village fund management. Fraud prevention affects accountability of village fund management.
Pengaruh Promosi terhadap Keputusan Menggunakan Grabfood (Studi Kasus pada Mahasiswa Universitas Batanghari)
Authors: Mappadeceng Riko , Sopini Pupu , Gionola David
Published: June 2023

In an effort to influence the market to make purchasing decisions, promotional activities (promotional mix) are a better strategy combination, and are entirely planned to achieve sales objectives. Promotion is a form of direct persuasion through the use of various incentives that can be arranged to stimulate immediate purchase or increase the number of goods or use of services by customers or consumers. The research method used in this research is descriptive and quantitative methods. The student population is all Unbari University students, totaling 4,888 people and a sample of 98 people. Based on the results of the research, an overview of promotions, including gifts given, gets the attention or interest of consumers, meaning that sales promotions in the form of gifts are important and one of the things that can influence the decision to use GrabFood. At GrabFood, these prizes can be in the form of promo vouchers and so on. As for the description of the decision to use GrabFood, consumers are interested in buying back in the future which is included in the individual commitment indicator. Furthermore, the results of the study indicate that the results of the t test produce a significance value of 0.000. The coefficient of determination test obtains an Adjusted R Square value of and the results of a simple regression test produce the following regression equation: Y = 23,492 + 0,313 X So it can be concluded that the results obtained indicate that the promotion of GrabFood has a significant positive influence on the decision to use GrabFood for students at Batanghari University Jambi.
Sense of moral and legal principles in the process of formation and development of the roman law system
Authors: Kaleniuk Oksana , Savchuk Oleh
Published: June 2023

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the philosophical and legal basis of the emergence of Roman Law, to reveal its axiological elements, as well as to show the systemic connection between the theoretical justification of these principles and the process of their implementation in legal practice. Methodology. The methodology includes a complex philosophical and legal analysis of the axiological basis of the Roman law system in the process of its formation and historical evolution. Such methods of scientific knowledge were used: terminological, axiological, logical-semantic, functional, systemic-structural, comparative. Results: It was determined, that due to its moral and ethical nature, the system of Roman law acquired a supranational character, creating the proper foundation for the effective functioning of European legal systems. After all, thanks to the fundamental moral and ethical principles developed by Roman jurists, modern European legal systems have acquired an axiological determination, which is determined by a humanistic approach to the administration of justice. Scientific novelty. According to the results of the study, it was established that the fundamental moral and ethical principles of Roman Law exert a positive influence on modern concepts of legal understanding and law-making under the conditions of their proper transformation and adaptation to today's civilizational challenges. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in legislation and law- enforcement activities during the philosophical-legal justification of the need to humanize the legal system.
The Christian Influences in Ismaili Thought
Authors: MAHMUT Rami İbrahim
Published: June 2023

Christian influence is considered important in the development of Ismaili doctrine. While this research was being conducted, many Christian elements were encountered in the Ismaili doctrine. For example, the adoption of the doctrine of the Crucifixion of Christ which is cited in many Ismaili sources is one of them. Such sources even quote exactly what happened to Jesus Christ, based on direct quotations from the Bible. Some Ismaili dais even made a comparison between the Christian cross symbol and the Ismaili symbols; thus, they tried to establish a relationship of similarity between the Cross and Muslim pantheism, which shows the complete acceptance of the doctrine of the Crucifixion. This study examines the Christian influences in Ismaili thought, including the similarity between the Imam's character and that of Jesus, that have succeeded in entering Ismaili thought. Accordingly, both characters are connected with the spiritual world and carry a sacred color. It can be said that there is a similarity between the structural organization of the Ismaili da'wah and the religious structural organization in Christianity. The study highlights some of the overt Christian elements in Duruz thought. These include the spread of the concept of the Christianization of al-Mahdi's character among the Druze, and the use of verses from the Bible concerning the Messiah by some Duruz dais.
PLAGIARISM IN STUDENTS’ WORKS
Authors:   Donetsk National University of Economics and Trade named after Mykhailo Tugan-Baranovsky, Zinchenko V. M. , Rybalka N. V. ,   Donetsk National University of Economics and Trade named after Mykhailo Tugan-Baranovsky
Published: June 2023

Objective of the research is to find out the most common reasons for the development of student plagiarism and to identify the ways to prevent it. Methods. The following methods are used in the process of the research: method of analysis of documents, in particular the authors worked out scientific literature, laws of Ukraine; practical method — selection of factual material, formulation of conclusions about the detection of plagiarism in the works, its avoidance and measures that allow to maximize the level of originality. Results. Plagiarism in students’ work is no less dangerous than plagiarism of scholars, writers, and other creators. The danger of student plagiarism is that, at the first, the use of the others’ intellectual property results becomes a norm and is not considered an offense; at the second, the quality of training of future specialists is deteriorating; at the third, the quality of scientific activity is significantly reduced. Turning to the study of the main causes of plagiarism in students’ work, it should be noted that all cases of appropriation of authorship can be divided into two types: unintentional plagiarism (the most widespread in scientific works) and intentional. Unintentional plagiarism is permissible due to the lack of the necessary knowledge in the field of copyright by the students, as well as the use of scientific works of other authors. Deliberate plagiarism is the conscious appropriation by students of authorship of the others’ ‘works, the publication of these works as their own. The purpose of plagiarism for the student is to simplify the learning process, improve the quality of their own scientific work by including in them fragments of other people’s works, which are written by specialists, timely completion of the task (abstract, coursework or diploma paper). Of course, intentional plagiarism is more dangerous, but if measures to prevent unintentional plagiarism in time are not taken, the appropriation of authorship of other people’s works will gradually become normal and become commonplace.
COMMUNICATIVE ESSENCE OF POLITICAL DISCOURSE: CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES AND MAIN FUNCTIONS
Authors:   Donetsk National University of Economics and Trade named after Mykhailo Tugan-Baranovsky, Herasymenko O. Yu. , Vorobiova M. O. ,   Kryvyi Rih Technical College of the National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine
Published: June 2023

Objective. The objective of the article is to substantiate the communicative essence and semantic features and characteristics of political discourse as a subject of linguistic and political research. Methods. The main scientific results are obtained using a set of general scientific and special research methods, such as: analysis, systematization and generalization of scientific literature, induction, deduction (to identify approaches to understand the essence of political discourse and its characteristics). Results. Discourse is one of the most important communicative categories that reflects speech interaction. It is the subject of study of various sciences, such as sociology, political science, philosophy and others. Analytical review of research on discourse, in particular political, shows that the representation of this scientific topic has its own tradition, marked by the undoubted achievements of researchers who consider political discourse as a type of communicative activity, interactive phenomenon, speech flow having various forms of expression (oral, written, paralingual), takes place within a specific channel of communication, is governed by the strategies and tactics of the participants; synthesis of cognitive, linguistic and extralinguistic (social, mental, psychological, etc.) factors that are determined by a specific range of “life forms”. It is determined that political discourse is a complex mental-communicative activity, which is a set of process and result and includes both non-lingual and linguistic aspects and is focused on the transfer of political information rather than on perlocutionary influence on the electorate (persuasion motivation to action) through the implementation of appropriate strategies and tactics. As a discursive practice, political discourse is characterized by a number of specific features (institutionality, informativeness, semantic uncertainty, remoteness and authoritarianism, theatricality, dynamism), among which manipulativeness has one of the leading roles. The author attempts to distinguish different types of political discourse according to the content characteristics and the addressee.
Marketing Philosophies in Hospitality Businesses: The Case of Bolu
Authors: DÜNDAR Yusuf , SİLİK Cemal Ersin , DÜZGÜN Ertuğrul
Published: June 2023

With the changes in consumer behavior over time, there have been some developments in marketing philosophies. The main purpose of this research is to reveal the marketing philosophies adopted in accommodation establishments in protected areas. In this context, data has been collected from managers (n=42) responsible for marketing activities of accommodation establishments in Bolu city in Türkiye. In the study, marketing management philosophy (MMP) was measured using the scale developed by Tosun, Okumus and Fyall (2008). In this study, AMOS and SPSS programs were applied to analyse data. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistical methods and comparative tests. The main findings reveal that accommodation establishments mostly adopt manufacturing and product-orientation marketing management philosophies. This study is one of the limited studies revealing the marketing philosophies adopted, especially in accommodation establishments in protected areas and contributes to the relevant literature.
Taxation of Those Who Earn Income from Social Media in Türkiye: Problems Encountered and Solution Suggestions
Authors: AVCI Orçun
Published: June 2023

Developments in information and communication technologies have made the use of the internet widespread in the world. With the increase in the use of the internet, the methods of commercial activities have diversified. Today, with the internet network and communication technologies taking a more active place in life, social networks have gained a special importance. Social networks represent the connections between people and the power of these connections. Today, apart from visual and written media, people have created a medium called social media by making new friends, finding old friends or sharing their knowledge and skills that they have specialized in a certain social, political, cultural, and economic area in the virtual environment. Social media has created a new field of activity by not staying away from economic life. The number of people who aim to generate income with the use of social media is increasing day by day. The logic of revenue generation, which can be achieved in different
ways, is based on a similar cycle on most platforms. Content on social media platforms is created by users. This created content is crowned with an advertisement in order to attract attention and ultimately generates revenue. In addition, with social media, there is not only digital content, but also the sale of goods. As such, the tax situation of the income obtained is of great importance. Social media production activities are increasing in Türkiye as well as in the world. Various legal arrangements have been made in Türkiye in order to solve the tax problems that occur as a result of the digitalization of the said economic activities. However, despite the arrangements made on the subject, some problems still remain. In this direction, the study aims to identify the problems related to the taxation of income earners through social media in Türkiye and to offer various solutions.
Türk Ticaret Kanunu Kapsamında Hâkimiyet Sözleşmesinden Doğan Sorumluluğa Uygulanacak Hukuk ve Türk Mahkemelerinin Milletlerarası Yetkisi
Authors: ERKAN Mustafa , ARSLAN Şule
Published: June 2023

Şirketler hukukunda şirketlerin bağımsız karar aldıkları kabul edilmektedir. Ancak şirketlerde ortak yönetimin tercih edildiği durumlarda, şirketlerin bağımsızlığı sınırlanmaktadır. Bu ihtiyacı gidermek için Türk Ticaret Kanunu’nda ortak yönetimin bir türü olarak şirketler topluluğu düzenlenmektedir. Şirketler topluluğunda hâkim şirket bağlı şirket üzerinde farklı hukukî kontrol araçlarıyla hâkimiyet tesis etmektedir. Hâkimiyet sözleşmesi, bir şirketin diğerine talimat verme yetkisini içeren bir sözleşme tipi olarak Türk Ticaret Kanunu’nu kapsamında hâkimiyeti tesis eden hukukî kontrol araçları arasında yer almaktadır. Hâkimiyet sözleşmesinin taraflarından birinin merkezinin yabancı bir ülkede diğerinin Türkiye’de olması halinde sözleşmeden doğan sorumluluğa uygulanacak hukuk ve sözleşmeden doğan uyuşmazlıkta Türk mahkemelerinin yetkisinin tespiti gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmada öncelikle Türk hukukunda hâkimiyet sözleşmesine değinilecek daha sonra Türk Ticaret Kanunu’nda düzenlenen hükümler esas alınarak yabancı unsurlu hâkimiyet sözleşmesinden doğan sorumluluğa uygulanacak hukuk ve sözleşmeden doğan uyuşmazlıkta Türk mahkemelerinin milletlerarası yetkisi incelenecektir.
Yüklenicinin Süre Uzatım ve Ek Ödeme Taleplerine İlişkin FIDIC Kırmızı Kitap 20/2. Maddede Öngörülen 28 Günlük Süre Sınırlamasının Türk Borçlar Kanunu’nda Yer Alan Genel İşlem Koşulları Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ŞENER Battal
Published: June 2023

Yerel ve uluslararası inşaat ve mühendislik faaliyetlerinde kullanılmak üzere çeşitli kurum ve kuruluşlar tarafından hazırlanmış çok sayıda tip sözleşme bulunmakta olup, bunlar içerisinde en çok tercih edileni, temel kitap niteliğinde olan FIDIC Kırmızı Kitaptır. FIDIC Kırmızı Kitap’ta yüklenicinin süre uzatımı ve ek ödeme taleplerine ilişkin izlenmesi gerekli yol 20/2. maddede ayrıntılı olarak düzenlenmiş olup buna göre, yüklenicinin süre uzatımına ve ek ödeme yapılmasına sebep olan olay ya da durumundan haberdar olduğu ya da olması gerektiği tarihten itibaren 28 günlük süre içerisinde süre uzatımı ve ek ödeme talebinde bulunması gerekmektedir. Aksi takdirde iş bu 28 günlük süre bir hak düşürücü süre niteliğinde olması sebebiyle yapılan bildirim geçersiz olacaktır. Ancak Kırmızı Kitap dahil FIDIC sözleşmeleri, emredici uluslararası hukuk kuralı niteliğinde olmayıp, birer özel hukuk sözleşmesi niteliğinde olmaları nedeniyle, sözleşme hükümlerinin, sözleşmeye uygulanacak hukukunun emredici kurallarına aykırı olmaması gerekmektedir. Aksi takdirde, söz konusu sözleşme hükümleri geçersiz sayılacaklardır. Bu kapsamda bizim de içerisinde yer aldığımız Kıta Avrupası Hukuk Sistemine tabi birtakım hukukçular tarafından iş bu 28 günlük sürenin, taraflar arasında müzakere konusu yapılmamış bir genel işlem koşulu niteliğinde olduğu gerekçesiyle geçersizliğine karar verilebileceği ifade edilmektedir. Ancak Türk Borçlar Kanunu’nda yer alan genel işlem koşullarına ilişkin hükümler dikkate alındığında, söz konusu görüşün kabulü mümkün değildir.
Yargıtay’ın “İpotek Hakkının Bölünmezliği” Olarak İfade Ettiği İlkeye Eleştirel Bir Bakış: Birden Fazla Alacağı Güvence Altına Alan İpotek Hakkının Paraya Çevrilmesi İçin Yapılan İcra Takibinin Etkileri
Authors: ERİŞİR Evrim , YÜCE Halil Ahmet
Published: June 2023

Türk Hukuku’nda ipotek hakkı, aynı kişiden olan birden fazla alacağın güvence altına alınması için kullanılabilir. Teminat kapsamındaki değişik alacakların niteliğine göre; başlatılacak olan icra takipleri farklı kurallara tabi olabileceği gibi ilgili alacakların muacceliyet anları da farklılık gösterebilir. Zira ipotekle teminat altına alınan alacaklardan biri diğerinden daha önce muaccel hale gelebileceği gibi bu alacaklardan biri ödeme emrine diğeri ise icra emrine konu olabilir. Yargıtay bu hallerde meseleyi çözmek için “ipotek hakkının bölünmezliği” ilkesini geliştirmiştir. Bu ilke doğrultusunda Yargıtay, teminat kapsamındaki tüm alacakların tek bir icra takibi içerisinde öne sürülmesi gerektiğini ve (alacaklardan biri için icra emrinin gönderilmesi mümkün olsa dahi) borçluya yalnızca ödeme emrinin gönderilebileceğini kabul etmektedir. Çalışmada ipotek hakkının bölünmezliği ilkesinin bu sonuçları ayrı ayrı değerlendirilmiştir. Buna göre, Yargıtay’ın görüşünün aksine, ipotek hakkının birden fazla alacağı teminat altına alması halinde bu alacakların hem farklı icra takiplerine konu olabilecekleri (“tek takip” prensibinin reddi) hem de niteliklerine göre borçluya hem icra emri hem de ödeme emrinin gönderilebileceği (“yalnızca ödeme emri” prensibinin reddi) savunulmuştur.
Evlat Edinmenin Miras Hukuku Açısından Sonuçları Üzerine İsviçre Hukukuyla Karşılaştırmalı De Lege Ferenda Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ZENGİN ÖZKÜÇÜKPARLAK Burcu
Published: June 2023

Evlat edinme aralarında soybağı bulunmayan kişiler arasında yasal bir ebeveyn-çocuk ilişkisi oluşturmak için gerçekleştirilen ve kendine has sonuçları olan bir aile hukuku kurumudur. Bu kendine has sonuçlar, evlat edinme için yasakoyucunun uygulanmasını seçtiği sisteme göre değişkenlik göstermektedir. Türk Medeni Kanunu’nda, mehaz kanun İsviçre Medeni Kanunu’ndan farklı olarak tam evlat edinme sisteminin değil, sınırlı evlat edinme sisteminin benimsendiği görülmektedir. Bu sistem, evlatlığın biyolojik ailesiyle olan hukuki bağının koparılmaması anlamına gelir. Biyolojik aile ile evlatlık arasındaki bağın devam etmesi, birçok hukuki ve sosyal soruna yol açmakta olup miras hukuku alanında da çok önemli sonuçlar doğurmaktadır. Evlat edinmenin miras hukuku bakımından etkisi, evlatlık ve evlat edinen açısından farklılık gösterir. Çalışmamız kapsamında, sınırlı evlat edinme ve tam evlat edinme sistemlerinin evlatlık ve evlat edinen açısından miras hukuku bağlamında doğuracağı sonuçlar Türk Hukuku ile İsviçre Hukuku açısından karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenecektir.
Uzaktan Çalışma İlişkisinin Sosyal Güvenlik Hukuku Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÇELEBİ DEMİR Duygu
Published: June 2023

Esneklik ihtiyacı ile ortaya çıkan uzaktan çalışma, günümüzde oldukça sık başvurulan bir çalışma şekli olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Mevzuatımızda 4857 sayılı İş Kanunu’nun 14. maddesinde düzenlenen uzaktan çalışma kavramı, evde çalışmayı ve teknolojik iletişim araçları ile işyeri dışında yapılan çalışmalara dayanan tele çalışmayı da içeren geniş bir kavramı ifade etmektedir. Söz konusu düzenlemeye göre, uzaktan çalışma ilişkisinde işçi, işveren tarafından oluşturulan iş organizasyonu içinde iş görme edimini evinde veya teknolojik iletişim araçları ile işyeri dışında ifa etmektedir. Uzaktan çalışma ilişkisinin belirtilen bu özelliği, sosyal güvenlik hukuku anlamında da bazı konuların detaylı incelenmesi ihtiyacına sebep olmaktadır. Özellikle iş kazası ve meslek hastalığı hükümlerinin uzaktan çalışma ilişkisinde nasıl uygulanacağının tespiti önem kazanmaktadır. Bu noktada söz konusu çalışmamızda uzaktan çalışma ilişkisinin sosyal güvenlik hukuku anlamında ortaya çıkardığı sonuçlar değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Uluslararası Tahkimde İcra İnkar Tazminatı
Authors: ERBEYİN Necip Fazıl
Published: June 2023

İlamsız icra takibi alacaklıya, herhangi bir mahkeme kararı veya dayanak belgeye ihtiyaç duymaksızın alacağını devletin icra daireleri kanalıyla tahsil etme imkânı sağlamaktadır. Çalışmamızda öncelikle ilamsız icra takibi ele alınmaktadır. Borçlunun itirazı üzerine ilamsız icra takibinin durması üzerine, 2004 sayılı İcra İflas Kanunu’nda öngörülen itirazın iptali davasının tahkimde görülüp görülmeyeceği meselesi hem öğreti hem de uygulamada çeşitli görüşlerin ileri sürülmesine yol açmıştır. Bu tartışmada kaçınılmaz olarak, itirazın iptali davası neticesinde icra inkâr tazminatına hakem heyeti tarafından karar verilip verilemeyeceğinin de sorgulanmıştır. Bu kapsamda öncelikle itirazın iptali davasının hukuki niteliğinin değerlendirilmesi gerektiğinden, bu hususta farklı görüşler ifade edilmişse de, artık itirazın iptali davasının eda davası olarak nitelendirildiği kabul edilmekte ve tahkim nezdinde görülebileceği kabul edilmektedir. Konumuz itirazın iptali davasının neticelerinden olan icra inkâr tazminatına ilişkin olduğundan, bunun koşulları olarak geçerli bir ilamsız icra takibi bulunmalı, borçlu süresi içerisinde itiraz etmeli, dava bir yıllık hak düşürücü süre içerisinde açılmalı, borçlunun itirazı haksız olmalı, likit bir alacak bulunmalı ve alacaklı tarafından icra inkâr tazminatı ödenmesi talep edilmelidir. İcra inkâr tazminatının niteliği hakkında da görüş birliği bulunmamakla birlikte, bu tazminat Anglo Sakson hukukundaki cezalandırıcı tazminat gibi özel hukuk tazminatı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Cezalandırıcı tazminat hakkında da tahkim paydaşları arasında müspet bir yaklaşımın bulunduğu, hakemlerin buna hükmedebileceğinin ifade edildiği görülmektedir. Haliyle, hakemler tarafından icra inkâr tazminatına da hükmedilebilmelidir. Devlet mahkemelerinin yabancı hakem kararını denetlediği iptal davası veya tanıma/tenfiz ret sebepleri incelendiğinde de, bu sebepler sırf itirazın iptali davası özelinde ayrı ve özel bir sonuç doğurmamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, icra inkâr tazminatını havi bir hakem kararının iptaline veya tanıma/tenfizinin reddine karar verilmemelidir.
Alacağın Devrinde Borçlunun İyi Niyetle İfasını Düzenleyen TBK m. 186, Kaynak İsviçre Borçlar Kanunu Art. 167 Düzenlemesi Karşısında Nasıl Anlaşılmalıdır?
Authors: KAÇMAZ ADAK Mine , ÖZEN Burak
Published: June 2023

Türk Borçlar Kanunu (TBK) m. 186’ da devrin hükümleri içerisinde ‘İyiniyetle yapılan ifa’ başlığı altında alacağın devredildiği, devreden veya devralan tarafından borçluya bildirilmemişse, borçlunun, önceki alacaklıya; alacak birkaç kez devredilmişse, son devralan yerine önceki devralanlardan birine iyi niyetle ifada bulunarak borcundan kurtulacağı düzenlenmektedir. Hükmün lafzı dikkate alındığında tekil bir devir durumunun yanı sıra alacağın her bir devralan tarafından tekrar devredilmesine karşılık gelen zincirleme devir olasılığında da borçlunun önceki devralanlardan birine ifada bulunarak borçtan kurtulabileceği anlaşılmaktadır. Öte yandan hükmün lafzı, aynı alacağın alacağı devreden tarafından birden çok kişiye devredilmesi anlamını taşıyan çoklu devir durumunda borçlunun gerçekte hak sahibi olmayan bir devralana ifada bulunarak borçtan kurtulması olasılığını kapsamıyor görünmektedir. Oysaki kaynak İsviçre Medeni Kanunu’nda TBK m. 186 hükmüne karşılık gelen Art. 167 OR hükmünün lafzının her iki olasılığı da kapsar şekilde kaleme alındığı dikkat çekmektedir. Bunun dışında TBK m. 186’nın gerekçesinde hükümde herhangi bir değişikliğe gidilmediği belirtilmektedir. Ancak önceki Borçlar Kanunu’nda TBK m. 186 hükmüne karşılık gelen Borçlar Kanunu (BK) m. 165’in lafzına bakıldığında TBK m. 186’ dan farklı bir ifadeye sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada TBK m. 186 hükmünün kaynak kanun ve hükmün gerekçesi ışığında nasıl anlaşılması gerektiği incelenecektir.
Selective screening for antibodies to the nuclear antigen of hepatitis B virus in blood donors in Khabarovsk
Authors:   Regional Blood Transfusion Station of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Kozhemyako O.V. , Krivonosova N.V. ,   Regional Blood Transfusion Station of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Kurmanova O.V. ,   Regional Blood Transfusion Station of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes the results of selective screening for the presence of antibodies to the core antigen of the hepatitis B virus in donors in Khabarovsk for the period 2021–2022 in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 1166n dated October 28, 2020. Hepatitis B virus core antigen was detected in 35 donors, which accounted for 14.5% of the number of studies and 0.07% of the total number of donors for 2021–2022. Investigation of blood samples of donors for the presence of antibodies to the core antigen of the hepatitis B virus makes it possible to identify infected HBsAg-negative donors and provides additional viral safety of blood transfusions
Optimization of immunocorrective therapy in pregnant women with latent herpes virus infections
Authors:   G. S. Postol Perinatal Center of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai,, Vladimirova N.Yu. , Nikitin V.G. ,   G. S. Postol Perinatal Center of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Chizhova G.V. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai
Published: June 2023

The data of a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the use of immunoglobulins in pregnant women with latent viral infections from the moment the technology was developed (1999) to the present are presented. It has been proven that improved immunocorrection schemes depending on perinatal risk factors can improve perinatal outcomes
Hit the brakes!
Authors:   , Geerdink Ruben Joost
Published: June 2023

Neutrophils are the most abundant human leukocyte and crucial to antimicrobial defence. Their importance is starkly illustrated by patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) whose neutrophils are defective due to a genetic mutation. CGD patients suffer repeatedly from severe infections. However, the antimicrobial armaments deployed by neutrophils lack specificity. Neutrophil-derived proteases can digest proteins, reactive oxygen species (ROS) can bind and disrupt a variety of molecules, and anti-microbial peptides can insert into and disrupt the membranes that encompass (microbial) cells. Moreover, neutrophils can sacrifice themselves by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which involves neutrophils decorating their DNA with antimicrobial proteins and peptides and then expelling it as a web to trap and kill microbes. While such methods are highly effective in the fight against many pathogens, they also result in collateral damage to surrounding tissue. As a result, neutrophils are also a driving force behind a plethora of pathologies, varying from viral respiratory infection and ischaemia-reperfusion injury to autoimmune disorders. At current, no medication exists that can supress neutrophil activity. This lack of therapeutics that can effectively ameliorate excessive neutrophilic inflammation is a major obstacle in the treatment of these diseases and represents a significant unmet clinical need.
In this thesis, we examine inhibitory immune receptors as possible modulators of neutrophil activity and their potential as targets for pharmaceutical intervention to supress pathological neutrophil responses. We identify the collagen receptor leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1 (LAIR-1) as a functional inhibitory receptor on neutrophils. Ex vivo stimulation of LAIR-1 on in vivo activated neutrophils obtained from the airways of ventilated, paediatric, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection-induced bronchiolitis patients is able to suppress NET formation. In mice, absence of LAIR-1 inhibitory signalling exacerbates neutrophilic airway inflammation in response to RSV infection, cigarette-smoke inhalation, and intranasal inoculation with CXCL-1 (a neutrophil specific chemokine). Interestingly, the absence of another inhibitory immune receptor expressed by neutrophils that signals in a similar manner to LAIR-1, namely Allergin-1, does not impact disease severity or neutrophilic inflammation in mice infected with RSV. This finding highlights the functional diversity of inhibitory immune receptors. The work published in this thesis paves the way for further investigations into inhibitory immune receptors on neutrophils and accentuates their potential as a therapeutic target to ameliorate neutrophil-driven pathologies.
The Effects on Target, By-Catch and Discard Catch of Using Multifilament and Monofilament With Selvedge (Guarding Net) on the Trammel Nets in the Black Sea Coastal Fisheries
Authors: AKSU Hakan , ERDEM Yakup , ÖZDEMİR Süleyman
Published: June 2023

This study was carried out in 13 fishing operations in the inner harbor area of Sinop, from September through November of 2004. Trammel nets were used, which has 32 mm mesh size and target fish species of the fishing gear is red mullet (Mullus barbatus) in the study. Three net groups were used in the experiments, without selvedge (A0) for the control net, multifilament with selvedge (A1) and monofilament with selvedge (A2) respectively. 65.3% Osteichthyes fish (696 individuals), 16.8% Mollusca (179 individuals), 16.4% was Arthropoda (175 individuals) and 1.5% was Chondrichthyes fish (16 individuals) of catch obtained from the operations were form. A total 124 individuals as the target species (red mullet), 398 individuals as bycatch species, and 544 individuals as discarded species were captured sea trials. Catch ratio of A0, A1 and A2 nets were determined 51.88%, 21.58% and 26.55% respectively. 48.38% of the target species, 30.40% of the bycatches and 57.53% of the discarded catch were caught by the A0 net. 25.81% of the target species, 45.23% of the bycatches, and 18.57% of the discard catch were caught with A1 net. 25.81% of the target species, 24.37% of the bycatch and 24.37% of the discarded catch were caught by the A2 net. The results showed that the use of selvedge (guarding net) on trammel nets in the Black Sea coastal fisheries caused a slight decrease in target fish catch, but significantly decreased the amount of discarded catch.
Investigation of the Effect of Anti-fouling Systems on Meeting Energy Efficiency Regulations
Authors: BAYRAKTAR Murat , YÜKSEL Onur
Published: June 2023

The operational efficiency of marine vessels should be kept as high as possible to achieve sustainable development goals in the maritime field. However, a lot of factors such as resistance components reduce the operational efficiency of the ship. Frictional resistance is the biggest resistance component for the power needed on ships and its coefficient increases due to the biofouling as long as the ship interacts with seawater. The increased total resistance of the ship causes extra power needed and excessive fuel consumption to reach service speed. The increase in both fuel consumption and power will create an obstacle to meeting the EEXI and CII reference values which became mandatory after January 1, 2023. That’s why the utilization of effective anti-fouling systems is quite critical in maritime applications. The purpose of this study is to reveal anti-fouling systems’ effect on EEXI, CII, and CII ratings by utilization of the container ship operated in liner shipping. That’s why, high, medium, and low effective anti-fouling system scenarios have been created since the effect of each anti-fouling will not be the same on the container ship. According to the results, the required EEXI and CII reference values will have been met respectively when the effect of ship biofouling is ignored. However, the reduction ratios and biofouling effect have created quite a challenge in meeting EEXI and CII in the following years. Although the required EEXI value has been met for 2024 and 2025 by the high-effective anti-fouling system and reference value has not been met by the low-effective anti-fouling system in the following years. Any anti-fouling system utilized in this paper won’t be sufficient to meet the reference value at the end of 2023 because attained CII of the container ship is very close to the reference value of CII in 2023. The CII rating of the container ship will have been at C level until the end of 2026 when the biofouling effect is ignored. However, it decreased to D and E levels in the following two years depending on the best and worst scenarios. This study will be a valuable resource for scientists, researchers, experts, and maritime stakeholders who want to investigate the effect of EEXI, CII, and CII rating of antifouling systems.
Protective Role of Bio-Based Coating of Ultrasound-Improved Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) Waste Protein Hydrolysate for Bonito (Sarda sarda Bloch, 1793) Fillets at Storage at -18±1°C
Authors: BALÇIK MISIR Gülsüm , KORAL Serkan
Published: June 2023

A novel and rich protein source was utilized in bonito fillets to prevent/ delay deterioration during frozen storage at -18±1°C. Accordingly, trout wastes protein hydrolysates (PH); produced enzymatically traditional protein hydrolysate (TPH) and ultrasound–treated protein hydrolysate (UPH) containing 86.40 g/100 g and 86.75 g/100 g protein respectively used as a coating. Hydrolysates were mixed with glycerol (2:1) to form coating materials. Three groups of fillets were prepared as control fillets (C) without coating, TPH coated fillets (TPHCF), and UPH coated fillets (UPHCF). pH, color, TVB-N, TBA, and TMA, and sensory analyzes were performed in all groups. The L* value of all groups reached a maximum the highest value at 6 months and was 54.56±0.27, 53.74±0.23, and 54.83±1.26 for C, TPHCF, and UPHCF, respectively. TVB-N was 18.08±0.10, 17.71±0.09, and 17.36±0.12, for C, TPHCF, and UPHCF, respectively, in the first month of storage. The values reached 32.18±0.29, 26.61±0.12, and 25.72±0.08 at 7th month for C, TPHCF, and UPHCF, respectively. TBA value of the C group samples of the frozen bonito fillets reached 7.53 in the 7th month, it remained within the consumable limits, and it remained within the consumable limits in the coated groups. Significant increases occurred in TMA values of all groups between months during the seven-month storage period. Accordingly, the TMA values for C, TPHCF, and UPHCF were 2.56±0.04 mg/100 g, 2.12±0.04mg/100 g and 2.16±0.06mg/100 g, respectively, at the 7th month. The mean values of sensory parameters were 9.15±0.08; 9.51±0.12 and 9.46±0.13 for C, TPHCF, and UPHCF, respectively, at the 1st month of storage. While they were 5.29±0.09, 6.23±0.06 and 6.24±0.09, in THE same order, respectively. Results showed that TPHCF and UPHCF have a potential as a coating for bonito fillets at frozen conditions, prolonging the shelf life.
Undead Past: What Drives Support for the Secessionist Goal of the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) in Nigeria?
Authors: Tuki Daniel
Published: June 2023

This study examined the effect of ethnic marginalization and socioeconomic condition on support for secession among members of the Igbo ethnic group in Nigeria’s Eastern Region. Perceived ethnic marginalization at the group level was found to positively correlate with support for secession. Socioeconomic condition was measured at the individual, household, and communal levels. The individual and household measures had no effect on support for secession, but the communal measure did. However, the results contravened the prediction of the Horizontal Inequalities (HIs) theory: improvements in socioeconomic condition at the communal level rather increased the likelihood of supporting secession. The analysis also showed that compared to non-Igbos, members of the Igbo ethnic group were 11 percent more likely to choose the “strongly agree” response category when asked whether Nigeria’s Eastern Region should be allowed to secede.
Combining 3D skeleton data and deep convolutional neural network for balance assessment during walking
Authors: Ma Xiangyuan , Zeng Buhui , Xing Yanghui
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Balance impairment is an important indicator to a variety of diseases. Early detection of balance impairment enables doctors to provide timely treatments to patients, thus reduce their fall risk and prevent related disease progression. Currently, balance abilities are usually assessed by balance scales, which depend heavily on the subjective judgement of assessors.

Methods: To address this issue, we specifically designed a method combining 3D skeleton data and deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) for automated balance abilities assessment during walking. A 3D skeleton dataset with three standardized balance ability levels were collected and used to establish the proposed method. To obtain better performance, different skeleton-node selections and different DCNN hyperparameters setting were compared. Leave-one-subject-out-cross-validation was used in training and validation of the networks.

Results and Discussion: Results showed that the proposed deep learning method was able to achieve 93.33% accuracy, 94.44% precision and 94.46% F1 score, which outperformed four other commonly used machine learning methods and CNN-based methods. We also found that data from body trunk and lower limbs are the most important while data from upper limbs may reduce model accuracy. To further validate the performance of the proposed method, we migrated and applied a state-of-the-art posture classification method to the walking balance ability assessment task. Results showed that the proposed DCNN model improved the accuracy of walking balance ability assessment. Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) was used to interpret the output of the proposed DCNN model. Our results suggest that DCNN classifier is a fast and accurate method for balance assessment during walking.
Synthesis and activity study of novel N,N-diphenylurea derivatives as IDO1 inhibitors
Authors: Hou Xi-Xi , Wu Zi-Yuan , Zhan An , Gao En , Mao Long-Fei , Wang Hui-Li , Yang Jian-Xue
Published: June 2023

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) has attracted much attention in the field of cancer immunotherapy as an immunomodulatory enzyme. To identify potential IDO1 inhibitors, a novel series of compounds with N,N-diphenylurea and triazole structures were synthesized. The designed compounds underwent organic synthesis, and subsequent enzymatic activity experiments targeting IDO1 confirmed their activity at the molecular level. These experiments provided validation for the efficacy of the designed compounds in inhibiting IDO1, compound 3g exhibited an IC50 value of 1.73 ± 0.97 μM. Further molecular docking study further explained the binding mode and reaction potential of compound 3g with IDO1. Our research has resulted in a series of novel IDO1 inhibitors, which is beneficial to the development of drugs targeting IDO1 in numerous cancer diseases.