bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review on Malware and Malware Detection ‎Using Data Mining Techniques
Authors: Bhaya Wesam S , Ali Mustafa A
Published: December 2017

Malicious software is any type of software or codes which hooks some: private information, data from the computer system, computer operations or(and) merely just to do malicious goals of the author on the computer system, without permission of the computer users. (The short abbreviation of malicious software is Malware). However, the detection of malware has become one of biggest issues in the computer security field because of the current communication infrastructures are vulnerable to penetration from many types of malware infection strategies and attacks.  Moreover, malwares are variant and diverse in volume and types and that strictly explode the effectiveness of traditional defense methods like signature approach, which is unable to detect a new malware. However, this vulnerability will lead to a successful computer system penetration (and attack) as well as success of more advanced attacks like distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack. Data mining methods can be used to overcome limitation of signature-based techniques to detect the zero-day malware. This paper provides an overview of malware and malware detection system using modern techniques such as techniques of data mining approach to detect known and unknown malware samples.
Sumário Sci Invest Dent 2017
Authors: Silva Brunno Santos de F
Published: December 2017

Sumário Sci Invest Dent 2017
Item Response Modeling of Multivariate Count Data With Zero Inflation, Maximum Inflation, and Heaping
Authors: Magnus Brooke E. , Thissen David
Published: December 2017

Questionnaires that include items eliciting count responses are becoming increasingly common in psychology. This study proposes methodological techniques to overcome some of the challenges associated with analyzing multivariate item response data that exhibit zero inflation, maximum inflation, and heaping at preferred digits. The modeling framework combines approaches from three literatures: item response theory (IRT) models for multivariate count data, latent variable models for heaping and extreme responding, and mixture IRT models. Data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System are used as a motivating example. Practical implications are discussed, and recommendations are provided for researchers who may wish to use count items on questionnaires.
MASTER OT J132104.04+560957.8: A Polar with Absorption–Emission Line Reversals
Authors: Littlefield Colin , Garnavich Peter , Hoyt Taylor J. , Kennedy Mark
Published: December 2017

We present time-resolved photometry and spectroscopy of the recently classified polar MASTER OT J132104.04+560957.8. The spectrum shows a smooth, nonthermal continuum at the time of maximum light, without any individually discernible cyclotron harmonics. Using homogenous cyclotron modeling, we interpret this as cyclotron radiation whose individual harmonics have blended together, and on this basis, we loosely constrain the magnetic-field strength to be less than ∼30 MG. In addition, for about one-tenth of the orbital period, the Balmer and He i emission lines transition into absorption features, with He ii developing an absorption core. We use our observations of this phenomenon to test theoretical models of the accretion curtain and conclude that the H and He i lines are produced throughout the curtain, in contravention of theoretical predictions of separate H and He i line-forming regions. Moreover, a significant amount of He ii emission originates within the accretion curtain, implying that the curtain is significantly hotter than expected from theory. Finally, we comment on the object’s long-term photometry, including evidence that it recently transitioned into a prolonged, exceptionally stable high state following a potentially decades-long low state.
Infrared Photometric Study of Wolf–Rayet Galaxies
Authors: Chen P. S. , Yang X. H. , Liu J. Y. , Shan H. G.
Published: December 2017

We collected observational data on 781 Wolf–Rayet (WR) galaxies from the literature to photometrically study their infrared properties measured by the 2MASS, WISE, IRAS, AKARI, and Herschel missions. It is found that in the 1–5 μm range the radiations of WR galaxies are dominated by the free–free emissions from the stellar winds and the circumstellar dust from the late-type stars in the host galaxy. In the 5–22 μm range, the radiation of WR galaxies is dominated by the free–free emissions and the synchrotron radiation from the central active galactic nucleus (AGN; but not always present). In the 22–140 μm range, the radiations of WR galaxies are dominated by the free–free emissions and the star formation/starburst activities. In the 250–500 μm range, the radiation of WR galaxies is dominated by the free–free emissions. In addition, the comparison with the non-WR galaxies is made. It is shown that some star formation WR galaxies have redder near-infrared colors than non-WR star-forming galaxies probably due to the gas emission in the near-infrared. In the 2–5 μm region WR galaxies have redder colors due to the thermal emission from circumstellar dust of late-type stars and the enhanced gas emission. In the 5–22 μm region, both WR galaxies and non-WR galaxies have similar behavior, indicative of having similar free–free emission as the dominant radiation. In the 25–140 μm region, both types of galaxies also have similar behavior, indicative of having free–free emission from the stellar winds or the thermal radiation from the starburst/star formation as the dominant radiation.
The Neutral Gas Properties of Extremely Isolated Early-type Galaxies. II.
Authors: Ashley Trisha , Marcum Pamela M. , Fanelli Michael N.
Published: December 2017

As part of an ongoing study of isolated early-type galaxies (IEG), we present neutral hydrogen (H i) observations of six IEGs obtained with the Green Bank Telescope. Two of the six IEGs presented in this paper have detected H i emission (KIG 870 and SDSS J102145.89+383249.8). KIG 870 has an H i emission profile that is strongly asymmetric about the optical systemic velocity with a redshifted double-horned profile and a blueshifted single-peaked component. KIG 870 is likely an advanced merger system. SDSS J102145.89+383249.8 has a Gaussian-like profile, indicating that the H i is not strongly rotating, is in a face-on disk, or is in a thick-disk similar to a dwarf galaxy. Our parent sample of H i observations is composed of 12 IEGs, 7 of which have now been detected in H i. The dwarf and luminous IEGs in our parent sample have median H i-mass-to-blue-luminosity ratios that are each three times larger than that of their non-cluster ETG counterparts, indicating that IEGs in our sample are significantly more gas rich than non-cluster ETGs.
The Onset of Thermally Unstable Cooling from the Hot Atmospheres of Giant Galaxies in Clusters: Constraints on Feedback Models
Authors: Hogan M. T. , McNamara B. R. , Pulido F. A. , Nulsen P. E. J. , Vantyghem A. N. , Russell H. R. , Edge A. C. , Babyk Iu. , Main R. A. , McDonald M.
Published: December 2017

We present accurate mass and thermodynamic profiles for 57 galaxy clusters observed with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We investigate the effects of local gravitational acceleration in central cluster galaxies, and explore the role of the local free-fall time (

) in thermally unstable cooling. We find that the radially averaged cooling time (

) is as effective an indicator of cold gas, traced through its nebular emission, as the ratio

/

. Therefore,

primarily governs the onset of thermally unstable cooling in hot atmospheres. The location of the minimum

/

, a thermodynamic parameter that many simulations suggest is key in driving thermal instability, is unresolved in most systems. Consequently, selection effects bias the value and reduce the observed range in measured

/

minima. The entropy profiles of cool-core clusters are characterized by broken power laws down to our resolution limit, with no indication of isentropic cores. We show, for the first time, that mass isothermality and the

entropy profile slope imply a floor in

/

profiles within central galaxies. No significant departures of

/

below 10 are found. This is inconsistent with models that assume thermally unstable cooling ensues from linear perturbations at or near this threshold. We find that the inner cooling times of cluster atmospheres are resilient to active galactic nucleus (AGN)-driven change, suggesting gentle coupling between radio jets and atmospheric gas. Our analysis is consistent with models in which nonlinear perturbations, perhaps seeded by AGN-driven uplift of partially cooled material, lead to cold gas condensation.
Public Health Profile of Road Traffic Accidents in Kosovo 2010-2015
Authors: Ramadani Naser , Zhjeqi Valbona , Berisha Merita , Hoxha Rina , Begolli Ilir , Salihu Drita , Krasniqi Pranvera
Published: December 2017

AIM: To determine the characteristics of the Socio-medical profile of road traffic accidents in Kosovo, between 2010 and 2015 year.STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study.METHODS: A descriptive method based on the database of road traffic accidents from the National Police of Kosovo.RESULTS: In Kosovo for the period 2010-2015, on average, the yearly number of road traffic accidents is 18437 with mortality rate 7.4 per 100000 and lethality of 1.5%. The highest number of fatal cases are drivers and above 19 years old with more than 80%. Among injured significantly highest percentage is among passengers for all years and above 19 years old. Road traffic accident with a vehicle occurs most frequently, with approximately over 70%, mostly on dry road 72.9% and clear weather 71.1%. The driver is the contributing factors of road traffic accidents on average 99.3% whereas climatic conditions only 0.5%, with over 50% of crashes occurring in urban road 56.2%, mostly during Monday 16.0% and in the afternoon rush hours between 14.00-18.00 with 31.0%.CONCLUSIONS: There is a slight decrease in the mortality rate of 0.1‰ and lethality rate of 0.1% each year, whereas there is an increase of 21.5‰ for traumatism rate for each year.
Insomnie à l’adolescence. Quand une indicible agressivité agit et agite
Authors: de Kernier Nathalie , Camps François-David , Camart Nathalie , Julian Matthieu , Babonneau Magali , Lighezzolo Céline , Abe Yuichiro
Published: December 2017

Les bouleversements à l’adolescence affectent régulièrement le sommeil, les facteurs entravant ce besoin fondamental étant multiple. Prenant appui sur des entretiens cliniques et les tests projectifs réalisés auprès de dix adolescents, collégiens et lycéens tout-venant, ayant exprimé des troubles du sommeil en répondant à l’index de sévérité d’insomnie et à l’échelle de fatigue de Flinders, les auteurs approfondissent certaines problématiques intrapsychiques, en particulier les modalités d’expression agressive. L’étude exploratoire met en lumière des aménagements psychiques communs, malgré la diversité des fonctionnements, dans le sens d’une hypervigilance, d’une recherche de maîtrise sur l’objet, d’un évitement des conflits – notamment identificatoires – et d’une expression pulsionnelle agressive, soit excessivement inhibée, soit excessivement déchargée, non sans risque de désorganisation. Un cas plus approfondi amène à comprendre l’insomnie comme une lutte contre une menace dépressive et un éprouvé de passivité.
La signification occulte des rêves : Freud pourfendeur ou pourvoyeur de mythes ?
Authors: Evrard Renaud , Rabeyron Thomas
Published: December 2017

Sigmund Freud a œuvré pour démarquer la psychanalyse de l’occultisme, notamment en expliquant les rêves, dits prophétiques, par des processus inconscients. Mais son attitude à l’égard de l’occultisme évoluera progressivement avec un intérêt croissant pour un « noyau de vérité », qu’il rattachait à la télépathie. Cela le conduira, notamment en 1925, à reproduire, avec sa fille Anna et Sandor Ferenczi, une expérimentation de Gilbert Murray, associant télépathie et associations libres. Il en tirera une conviction qu’il partagera, en particulier, dans « La signification occulte des rêves », texte complémentaire à sa Traumdeutung . Les réticences d’Ernest Jones à associer psychanalyse et télépathie participeront, toutefois, à une marginalisation ultérieure de cet intérêt de Freud. Les auteurs de cet article visent, ainsi, à restituer le contexte de ce texte, rarement commenté, tout en repérant ses prolongements dans les recherches expérimentales sur les rêves télépathiques.
La guerre et son idée. Lecture croisée de Clausewitz et de Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
Authors: Blondel Emmanuel
Published: December 2017

Le livre I du traité  De la guerre  de Clausewitz (1831) et  La guerre et la paix  de Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (1861) présentent une frappante analogie de structure. Tous deux formulent une « idée de la guerre » qui leur sert, mais par contraste, à  former la pensée de la guerre réelle. Le « pur concept » de la guerre (Clausewitz) renvoie à la dynamique de montée aux extrêmes ; la guerre réelle le déjoue ; mais les guerres modernes semblent lui restituer sa puissance incontrôlable. L’idée pure de la guerre (Proudhon) renvoie à l’affirmation du droit de la force. La guerre réelle n’a rien à voir avec ce que serait une guerre conforme à son idée ; et l’homme se perd à penser la majesté propre à l’épreuve de la force dans des conflits qui ne sont que d’atroces rapines. Mais sans l’idée, point de paix véritable. « Devine ou je te dévore » : l’injonction du Sphynx résonne dans les deux ouvrages et demeure à méditer.
La représentation sociale de carrière de cadres face à la mondialisation des médias
Authors: Hamiot Jean-Yves , Merle Karine
Published: December 2017

La définition du concept de cadre dans la littérature académique a connu une évolution importante depuis les travaux fondateurs de Boltanski (1982). Celle-ci traduit les changements profonds des modes de gestion des organisations et du système de protection sociale. C’est dans ce contexte que des dispositions conventionnelles ont instauré l’obligation d’entretiens de deuxième partie de carrière en 2005. Aussi, en 2013, une enquête, réalisée auprès de 26 cadres du secteur des agences média, avait pour question de recherche : quels sont leur mode d’anticipation de la carrière ? Les résultats corroborent l’hypothèse d’une forte inertie de la représentation sociale de carrière des cadres. Celle-ci semble attachée aux traditions nationales. Ce constat questionne sur l’efficacité de la procédure des entretiens (devenus depuis entretiens de professionnalisation) et pointe les enjeux stratégiques pour les agences média. Les auteurs insistent sur la nécessité de mesures d’accompagnement organisationnelles et pédagogiques.
Influence of boundary layer structure on air quality in Beijing: Long-term analysis based on self-organizing maps
Authors: Liao Zhiheng , Sun Jiaren , Yao Jialin , Liu Li , Li Haowen , Liu Jian , Xie Jielan , Wu Dui , Fan Shaojia
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Self-organizing maps (SOMs; a feather-extracting technique based on an unsupervised machine learning algorithm) are used to classify the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) types over Beijing by detecting topological relationships among the 4-yr (2013–2016) radiosonde profiles. The resulting ABL types are then examined in relation to air quality, including surface pollutant concentrations and columnar aerosol properties, to understand the regulating effects of different ABL structures on Beijing's air quality. The SOM provides nine ABL types (i.e., SOM nodes), and each type is characterized by distinct dynamic and thermodynamic conditions. On average, SO2, NO2, CO, PM10 and PM2.5 increase 120–220 % from a near neutral (i.e., node 1) to strong stable condition (i.e., node 9). The ABL controls on diurnal cycles of pollutants are as follows: (1) elevated inversion enhances the afternoon baseline; and (2) surface inversion improves the evening increment. Comparing the CO / SO2 ratios for the different ABL types demonstrates that the local contribution increases with enhanced static stability near the ground, and it is the stable ABL stratification rather than weak surface wind that confines the regional contribution. Due to regional transport, node 3 (dominated by elevated inversion with high relative humidity) corresponds to the most severe columnar aerosol pollution, characterized by the highest optical depth (1.22) and volume concentration (0.30 μm3/μm2). The larger aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) within the atmosphere (> 60 W/m2) in nodes 3, 6 and 9 is likely to strengthen the atmospheric stability and thus induce a positive feedback loop for causing high surface pollution. Analysis of the typical pollution period suggests that the ABL types are the primary drivers of day-to-day variations in Beijing's air quality. Assuming a fixed relationship between ABL type and PM2.5 loading for different years, the relative (absolute) contribution of the ABL anomaly to elevated PM2.5 levels are estimated to be 65.8 % (46.2 μg/m3) during January 2013, 46.7 % (20.2 μg/m,sup>3) during December 2015, and 94.6 % (35.3 μg/m3) during December 2016.
Modeling the Formation and Composition of Secondary Organic Aerosol from Diesel Exhaust Using Parameterized and Semi-Explicit Chemistry and Thermodynamic Models
Authors: Eluri Sailaja , Cappa Christopher D. , Friedman Beth , Farmer Delphine K. , Jathar Shantanu H.
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Laboratory-based studies have shown that combustion sources emit volatile organic compounds that can be photo-oxidized in the atmosphere to form secondary organic aerosol (SOA). In some cases, this SOA can exceed direct emissions of primary organic aerosol (POA). Jathar et al. (2017) recently reported on experiments that used an oxidation flow reactor (OFR) to measure the photochemical production of SOA from a diesel engine operated at two different engine loads (idle, load), two fuel types (diesel, biodiesel) and two aftertreatment configurations (with and without an oxidation catalyst and particle filter). In this work, we used two different SOA models, the volatility basis set (VBS) model and the statistical oxidation model (SOM), to simulate the formation and composition of SOA for those experiments. Leveraging recent laboratory-based parameterizations, both frameworks accounted for a semi-volatile and reactive POA; SOA production from semi-volatile, intermediate-volatility and volatile organic compounds (SVOC, IVOC and VOC); multigenerational gas-phase chemistry; and kinetic gas/particle partitioning. Both frameworks demonstrated that for model predictions of SOA mass to agree with measurements across all engine load-fuel-aftertreatment combinations, it was necessary to model the kinetically-limited gas-particle partitioning in OFRs as well as account for SOA formation from IVOCs, which were found to account for more than 90 % of the model-predicted SOA. Accounting for IVOCs however resulted in an underprediction of a factor of two for OA atomic O : C ratios. Model predictions of the gas-phase organic compounds (resolved in carbon and oxygen space) from the SOM compared favorably to gas-phase measurements from a Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (CIMS), substantiating the semi-explicit chemistry captured by the SOM. Model-measurement comparisons were improved on using vapor wall-loss corrected SOA parameterizations. As OFRs are increasingly used to study SOA formation and evolution in laboratory and field environments, models such as those developed in this work can be used to interpret the OFR data.
Source influence on emission pathways and ambient PM2.5 pollution over India (2015–2050)
Authors: Venkataraman Chandra , Brauer Michael , Tibrewal Kushal , Sadavarte Pankaj , Ma Qiao , Cohen Aaron , Chaliyakunnel Sreelekha , Frostad Joseph , Klimont Zbigniew , Martin Randall V. , Millet Dylan B. , Phillip Sajeev , Walker Katherine , Wang Shuxiao
Published: December 2017

Abstract. India currently experiences degraded air quality, with future economic development leading to challenges for air quality management. Scenarios of sectoral emissions of fine particulate matter and its precursors were developed and evaluated for 2015–2050, under specific pathways of diffusion of cleaner and more energy efficiency technologies. The impacts of individual source-sectors on PM2.5 concentrations were assessed through GEOS-Chem model simulations of spatially and temporally resolved particulate matter concentrations, followed by population-weighted aggregation to national and state levels. PM2.5 pollution is a pan-India problem, with a regional character, not limited to urban areas or megacities. Under present-day emissions, levels in most states exceeded the national PM2.5 standard (40 µg/m3). Future evolution of emissions under current regulation or under promulgated or proposed regulation, yield deterioration in future air-quality in 2030 and 2050. Only under a scenario where more ambitious measures are introduced, promoting a total shift away from traditional biomass technologies and a very large shift (80–85 %) to non-fossil electricity generation was an overall reduction in PM2.5 concentrations below 2015 levels achieved. In this scenario, concentrations in 20 states and six union territories would fall below the national standard. However, even under this ambitious scenario, 10 states (including Delhi) would fail to comply with the national standard through to 2050. Under present day (2015) emissions, residential biomass fuel use for cooking and heating is the largest single sector influencing outdoor air pollution across most of India. Agricultural residue burning is the next most important source, especially in north-west and north India, while in eastern and peninsular India, coal burning in thermal power plants and industry are important contributors. The relative influence of anthropogenic dust and total dust is projected to increase in all future scenarios, largely from decreases in the influence of other PM2.5 sources. Overall, the findings suggest a large regional background of PM2.5 pollution (from residential biomass, agricultural residue burning and power plant and industrial coal), underlying that from local sources (transportation, brick kiln, distributed diesel) in highly polluted areas.
Coccolithophore populations and their contribution to carbonate export during an annual cycle in the Australian sector of the Antarctic Zone
Authors: Rigual Hernández Andrés S. , Flores José A. , Sierro Francisco J. , Fuertes Miguel A. , Cros Lluïsa , Trull Thomas W.
Published: December 2017

Abstract. The Southern Ocean is experiencing rapid and relentless change in its physical and biogeochemical properties. The rate of warming of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current exceeds that of the global ocean, and the enhanced uptake of carbon dioxide is causing basin-wide ocean acidification. Observational data suggest that these changes are influencing the distribution and composition of pelagic plankton communities. Long-term and annual field observations on key environmental variables and organisms are a critical basis for predicting changes in Southern Ocean ecosystems. These observations are particularly needed, since high-latitude systems have been projected to experience the most severe impacts of ocean acidification and invasions of allochthonous species. Coccolithophores are the most prolific calcium carbonate producing phytoplankton group, playing an important role in Southern Ocean biogeochemical cycles. Satellite imagery has revealed elevated particulate inorganic carbon concentrations near the major circumpolar fronts of the Southern Ocean, that can be attributed to the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi. Recent studies have suggested changes during the last decades in the distribution and abundance of Southern Ocean coccolithophores. However, due to limited field observations, the distribution, diversity and state of coccolithophore populations in the Southern Ocean remain poorly characterized. We report here on seasonal variations in the abundance and composition of coccolithophore assemblages collected by two moored sediment traps deployed in the deep ocean (~ 2000 and 3700 m) in the Australian sector of the Antarctic Zone for one year in 2001–02. Additionally, seasonal changes in coccolith weights of E. huxleyi populations were estimated using circularly polarized micrographs analysed with C-Calcita software. Our findings indicate that (1) coccolithophore sinking assemblages were nearly monospecific for Emiliania huxleyi morphotype B/C in the Antarctic Zone waters in 2001–2002; (2) coccolith assemblages experienced weight and length reduction during the summer months; (3) the estimated annual coccolith weight of E. huxleyi at both sediment trap depths (2.11 ± 0.96 and 2.13 ± 0.90 pg at 2000 m and 3700 m) was consistent with previous studies for morphotype B/C in other Southern Ocean settings; (4) coccolithophores accounted for approximately 2–5 % of the annual, deep-ocean CaCO3 flux. Our results are the first annual record of coccolithophore abundance, composition and degree of calcification in the Antarctic Zone. They provide a baseline against which to monitor coccolithophorid responses to changes in environmental conditions expected for this region in coming decades.
Estimating Surface Carbon Fluxes Based on a Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter with a Short Assimilation Window and a Long Observation Window
Authors: Liu Yun , Kalnay Eugenia , Zeng Ning , Asrar Ghassem , Chen Zhaohui , Jia Binghao
Published: December 2017

Abstract. We developed a Carbon data assimilation system to estimate the surface carbon fluxes using the Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter and atmospheric transfer model of GEOS-Chem driven by the MERRA-1 reanalysis of the meteorological fields based on the Goddard Earth Observing System Model, Version 5 (GEOS-5). This assimilation system is inspired by the method of Kang et al. (2011, 2012), who estimated the surface carbon fluxes in an Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) mode, as evolving parameters in the assimilation of the atmospheric CO2, using a short assimilation window of 6 hours. They included the assimilation of the standard meteorological variables, so that the ensemble provided a measure of the uncertainty in the CO2 transport. After introducing new techniques such as “variable localization”, and increased observation weights near the surface, they obtained accurate carbon fluxes at grid point resolution. We developed a new version of the LETKF related to the “Running-in-Place” (RIP) method used to accelerate the spin-up of EnKF data assimilation (Kalnay and Yang, 2010; Wang et al., 2013, Yang et al., 2014). Like RIP, the new assimilation system uses the “no-cost smoothing” algorithm for the LETKF (Kalnay et al., 2007b), which allows shifting at no cost the Kalman Filter solution forward or backward within an assimilation window. In the new scheme a long “observation window” (e.g., 7-days or longer) is used to create an LETKF ensemble at 7-days. Then, the RIP smoother is used to obtain an accurate final analysis at 1-day. This analysis has the advantage of being based on a short assimilation window, which makes it more accurate, and of having been exposed to the future 7-days observations, which accelerates the spin up. The assimilation and observation windows are then shifted forward by one day, and the process is repeated. This reduces significantly the analysis error, suggesting that this method could be used in other data assimilation problems. The newly developed assimilation method can be used with other Earth system models, especially for greater use of observations in conjunction with models.
Planning spatial sampling of the soil from an uncertain reconnaissance variogram
Authors: Lark R. Murray , Hamilton Elliott M. , Kaninga Belinda , Maseka Kakoma K. , Mutondo Moola , Sakala Godfrey M. , Watts Michael J.
Published: December 2017

Abstract. An estimated variogram of a soil property can be used to support a rational choice of sampling intensity for geostatistical mapping. However, it is known that estimated variograms are subject to uncertainty. In this paper we address two practical questions. First, how can we make a robust decision on sampling intensity, given the uncertainty in the variogram? Second, what are the costs incurred in terms of oversampling because of uncertainty in the variogram model used to plan sampling? To achieve this we show how samples of the posterior distribution of variogram parameters, from a computational Bayesian analysis, can be used to characterize the effects of variogram parameter uncertainty on sampling decisions. We show how one can select a sample intensity so that a target value of the kriging variance is not exceeded with some specified probability. This will lead to oversampling, relative to the sampling intensity that would be specified if there were no uncertainty in the variogram parameters. One can estimate the magnitude of this oversampling by treating the tolerable grid spacing for the final sample as a random variable, given the target kriging variance and the posterior sample values. We illustrate these concepts with some data on total uranium content in a relatively sparse sample of soil from agricultural land near mine tailings in the Copperbelt Province of Zambia.
Youth-Adult Partnerships in Work with Youth: An Overview
Authors: Ramey Heather L. , Lawford Heather L. , Vachon Wolfgang
Published: December 2017

Youth-adult partnerships in child and youth services engage the participants in collaborative, shared decision making, in areas such as governance, program planning and implementation, and advocacy. However, these partnerships often occur in isolation, and fail to engage in potentially useful, larger conversations about theory and research. Therefore, in an effort to provide common grounds for understanding and engaging in such partnerships, we offer an overview of current literature. We discuss definitions and discourses, describe models of youth-adult partnerships, and briefly consider current research on potential benefits for youth, adults, organizations, and communities. We also present challenges and promising practices for adult allies engaged in youth-adult partnerships.
Obra y proyectos del gran cantero Luis González Bailén
Authors: Carmona Carmona Francisco Manuel
Published: December 2017

A Luis González Bailén nos lo presenta la historiografía como reputado cantero y figura clave en el triunfo y difusión de mármoles y jaspes en construcciones a gran escala. Sin embargo, solo tangenciales y escuetos aportes biográficos ayudan a trazar un catálogo de su participación tanto en obra arquitectónica como en escultura monumental durante el primer tercio del siglo XVII. Contribuimos aquí a sistematizar sus participaciones como cantero, dar a conocer su propuesta de readaptación del enterramiento familiar y las trazas del sepulcro del duque de Sessa y Baena y atribuirle determinadas realizaciones.
¿Y las hijas de España? La América española en la propaganda nacional durante la guerra civil
Authors: Langa Nuño Concha
Published: December 2017

El artículo que presentamos se centra en la imagen de Hispanoamérica en la propaganda de la prensa del bando nacional a través del estudio de los principales diarios publicados en la España nacional. Una imagen que, como vamos a comprobar, más que centrarse en una realidad presente se enmarcó en la tradición del Hispanismo y adoleció de grandes dosis de propaganda. Y es que, la idea de Hispanoamérica, que sufrió grandes vaivenes desde la independencia de las colonias, pasó a formar parte del ideario colectivo y, en especial, de la derecha y la Falange, las cuales reivindicaron el viejo Imperio español y un mayor papel de España en el mundo en lo que es calificado como hispanismo.
El fascismo: la barbarie moderna (I)
Authors: Catalán José Ramón
Published: December 2017

This essay provides a reflection on fascism. The author is aware of what its victims warn: fascism must not be understood. Does it have any sense to reflect on something that “must not be understood”? In this first part of the essay, the question is elucidated. Next, the visions on fascism by Lévinas and Benjamin are presented. Finally, and concluding with this first part, the author shows the so-called “spiritual” influx of fascism and how its myth was created. Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 111, 2007: 89-104
Physical Atributes of a Oxisol from the Brazilian Cerrado under Different Management Systems
Authors: Lobato Márcio Godofrêdo Rocha , Sampaio Fabrício Menezes Telo , Nóbrega Júlio César Azevedo , Ferreira Mozart Martins , Matias Sammy Sidney Rocha , Torres Alessandro Franco , Silva Cillas Pollicarto , Cunha Cleyton Saialy Medeiros
Published: December 2017

The tillage systems induce changes in soil structure; modify the porous space, and influence soil water and air dynamics. In this sense, it is important to evaluate these impacts on soil physical quality according to different tillage system with distinct years of implementation. The physical properties of a Oxisol at the Brazilian Cerrado with distinct tillage conditions (conventional, no-till, and a native Cerrado) with different years were compared. The study was conducted at Novo Horizonte farm, at the Cerrado region of southwest Piauí. Soil samples were collected at 0.0-0.10, 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.30 m depth in different management systems: no-till with three and five years of implantation (NT3 and NT5, respectively); conventional till with five and nine years (CC5 and CC9, respectively); and a native cerrado area. Were analyzed the aggregate stability in water, soil bulk density, particle density, macro and microporosity, total porosity and total organic carbon. The years of implementation of the tillage systems caused changes in the soil physical properties, which were more evident in the surface layer. Although improved soil physical attributes were observed in no-till after five years of implantation, a longer evaluation time is required for the studied conditions.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 10, No. 1
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: December 2017

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2018.
Tolerance of Varieties and Hybrid of Pumpkin and Squash to Salt Stress
Authors: Santos Adriana Da S. , Sá Francisco V. da S. , Souto Lauter S. , Silva Maria K. do N. , Moreira Romulo C. L. , Lima Geovani S. de , Silva Luderlândio De A. , Mesquita Evandro F. de
Published: December 2017

Irrigated agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions is a practice encouraged to maximize food production, however these regions hesitate a qualitative shortage of water resources, often being necessary the use of saline water, affecting soil and sensitive plants to saline stress. So this study aimed to evaluate emergence, growth, phytomass accumulation and tolerance of the Tetsukabuto hybrid and varieties of pumpkin and squash under salt stress. The experiment was carried out in protected environment (greenhouse), located in the municipality of Pombal, Paraíba, Brazil. Treatments were arranged in completely randomized experimental design with four replicates, in a 5 × 3 factorial scheme, relative to five levels of irrigation water salinity and three genotypes of pumpkin and squash. Pumpkin and squash seedlings were grown on trays of 30 cells with capacity for 0.1 dm3 of substrate, during the first 20 days after sowing, and were monitored for emergence, initial growth, dry matter accumulation and tolerance to salinity. Increment in irrigation water salinity reduces emergence and initial growth of the pumpkin and squash genotypes. The genotypes G2 - ‘Squash cv. Coroa’ and G3 - Tetsukabuto hybrid are more tolerant to salinity than G1 - ‘Pumpkin cv. Jacarezinho’ in the initial growth stage.
PRAVO EU - TEKST, PREDMETI, I MATERIJALI
Authors: Čošabić Jasna
Published: December 2017

Knjiga 'Pravo EU, text, predmeti i materijali' je vrijedan dodatak evropskim bibliotekama. Peto izdanje ove knjige se pojavilo 2011. godine, nakon Lisa- bonskog sporazuma, te je ukljucilo krupne institucionalne i materijalne iz- mjene ucinjene Lisabonom.
PROBLEM NEZAPOSLENOSTI U BIH I EU
Authors: Dušanić Gačić Svetlana
Published: December 2017

Nezaposlenost je problem koji se posljednih godina javlja kao goruci za ekonomiju BiH, ali i za ekonomije vecine drzava u Evropi. Nezaposlenost uz inflaciju jedan je od najvecih ekonomskih problema jerpodrazumjeva izostatak proizvodnje iprihoda, povecava neravnopravnost u drustvu, dovodi do visokih fiskalnih troskova te izaziva psiholosko opterecenje nezaposlenog ostavljajuci osjecaj beskorisnosti i bezizlaznosti.Pod uticajem medunarodne finansijske i ekonomske krize i od ranije ukori- jenjenog evropskogsistema vrijednosti, (ne)zaposlenostpostaje centralno poli- ticko pitanje u savremenoj Evropi.Promatrano po zemljama clanicama, najniza nezaposlenost je u Austriji (4,8%), Njemackoj (5,2%) i Luksemburgu (6,1%) dok je najveca nezaposlenost u Grkoj (27,4%), Spaniji i (26,7%) susjednoj nam Hrvatskoj (18,6%).Iako su ovi podaci za EU alarmantni, slika u Bosni i Hercegovini je jos alarmantnija. Posao u Bosni iHercegovinipremaposljednjimpodacima Agen- cije za statistiku BiH, trazi 557.314 lica koji se nalaze na evidencijama zavoda i sluzbi zaposljavanja. Prema istim navodima, nominalna stopa nezaposleno- stipremasila je 44 odsto, a najugrozenji su mladi kojiprviputpristupaju radnoj snazi.
DA LI JE U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI DOSLO DO SUKOBA CIVILIZACIJA
Authors: Strika Davor
Published: December 2017

Kada govorimo o sukobima koji su se desili unutar Bosne i Hercegovine, 90-tih godina, 20. vijeka, jedno odpitanja sa kojim se suocavamo jeste da li je Bosnu i Hercegovinu zahvatio sukob civilizacija, tj. da li su sukobi imali karak- teristike civilizacijskog konflikta o cemu govori Hantington.1 2 Kakva i kolika je uloga religije kao Hantingtonovog faktora identiteta odredene civilizacije na sukobe u Bosni i Hercegovini. Da li sukob civilizacija u Bosni i Hercegovini predstavlja razlog neuspjesne demokratizacije i neuspjesnog odgovora na „kraj- nji cilj ljudskog ideoloskog dometa“ o cemu govori Frensis Fukujama u svome djelu ,,Kraj istorije i posljednji covjek“, ili se svaki sukob sastoji od velikog broja faktora, koji eskaliraju u rastucoj spirali sukoba. U ovome radu pokazacemo da sukobi u Bosni i Hercegovini eskaliraju usljed sireg broja faktora, kao sto su: raspad komunizma, vjekovnih omraza, ekonomske i politicke krize, religijske razlike, itd. Samim tim pokazacemo da na sukob ne moze dominantno utica- ti jedan faktor. Ipak, analizom karakteristika sukoba u BiH, moze govoriti o elementima mikro sukoba civilizacija u Bosni i Hercegovini.
EFEKTI RADA NA POSLOVIMA SEČE I IZRADE DRVNIH SORTIMENATA U PROREDNIM SEČAMA BUKVE
Authors: Danilović Milorad , Đurić Slavoljub , Antonić Slavica
Published: December 2017

U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja efikasnosti primeneorganizacione forme rada 2MR pri se
Metaphors in Media Discourse on Migration
Authors: Moullagaliev Narkiz K. , Khismatullina Lyutsiya G.
Published: December 2017

The paper deals with the problems of cognitive linguistic discourse and comparative analysis studies of metaphor as a means of representing migration in mass media. It presents the most productive metaphoric models, shaping the concept of “migration”, that function in printed and electronic media discourses of Great Britain, USA and Russia in 2016-2017. A comparative analysis of metaphorical models representing migration in British, American and Russian media discourses has shown that in media discourses on the migration of 2016-2017, regularly three high-frequency and productive metaphorical models operate: hydronymic, military and morbid. Images of these metaphorical models are united by vectors of anxiety, despair, threats to life and have negative conceptual potential.
Synonyms Reflecting Objects and Phenomena of the Metaphysical World in the Translations of Sacred Texts from Arabic into English and Tatar
Authors: Akhmetzyanova Dilyara R. , Gilemshina Aysilu G.
Published: December 2017

This paper analyzes the phenomenon of synonymy in translated texts in Russian and Tatar, with various existing and published translations of the Quran used as the main source. The primary goal of the study is to reveal the main regularities of the way synonyms function in the diachronic translations of the Quran into Russian and Tatar, as well as to follow the alterations in the vocabulary and stylistic norms of Russian and Tatar. Comparison between various translations allows shedding light on many of the peculiarities of the target language at the time the translation was completed and establishing the chronologic sequence of certain changes in the languages. The primary methods used in the study are the analysis of academic literature on the problem, consolidation of the prior research of synonyms in Russian and Tatar, studying text sources and dictionaries and comparison between the lexical units. The study shows that synonymic units found in the diachronic translations can be of varying degrees of equivalence. The most frequent in the diachronic translations of the Quran are the so-called partial synonyms, and this reflects the translators’ attempts to single out one specific lexical-semantic variant or a certain seme.
Frequency of Verbal Forms and Language Standard
Authors: Galeev Timur I. , Habibulina Elena V.
Published: December 2017

The article offers the description of a modern experiment, which gives the possibility of complex information extraction about the cognitive structure of the linguistic evolution of Language Standart (Norm). The study was conducted using the Google Books Corpus, which provides unprecedented opportunities for linguistic studies. The purpose of the experiment was to identify the patterns of competing forms evolution within the center of the verbal paradigm (3Sg and 3Pl) on the basis of the data concerning the frequency of their use. The study was conducted on the material of excess verb forms with the variability of a/o vowels in a root (обусловливать/обуславливать). The graphs for variable word form competition clearly illustrate that the process of norm change consists of stages, each of which has numerical characteristics of two competing word form use. The chronological frameworks for an inflectional model change are established with the accuracy of up to 10 years. The graphs obtained as the result of the experiment make it possible to conclude that almost half of the verbs were not variative, although they previously considered. During the discussion of the obtained empirical data, a conclusion is made about the morphemic structure of a word, in which a root vowel changes. Possessing the information about similar processes in other verb paradigms, researchers are able to predict a possible change of inflectional models in the future and, as a consequence, the fixing of a new norm in lexicographical, orthographic and orthoepic sources.

 
The Problem of Historical Choice in East German Literature: Johannes Bobrowski in Context of the Postwar Literature of the 1950s-1970s
Authors: Salimzanova Dilyara A. , Gilfanova Gulnara T.
Published: December 2017

The article tells about works of the famous German writer Johannes Bobrowski (1917-1965) born 100 years ago; the world literary community celebrates his 100 anniversary as in 2017. The poetic speech of Bobrowski, difficult for perception, reflected the main perspective of his poetry: history of the people and communication of the person with the nature. Art development of history, author’s cycle of stories and two novels of the original narrative technique in the conditions of totalitarian regime and continuous censorship, in many respects predetermined development of a genre of the historical novel in literature of the East German space of the "middle" of the last century. The creativity J. Bobrowski opens the new truth about the German life and history, thereby expanding a framework of art judgment of the past country. 
The Concept “Youth” in English and Tatar Linguistic Cultures
Authors: Motygullina Zukhra A. , Nurgalieva Leila A.
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this article is to compare the concept of "youth" in two genetically unrelated languages – Tatar and English. The study implements methods of comparative, definitional, component and contextual analysis and ethnic-linguistic-culturological comparison. An exceptional importance of the concept of "youth" made it one of the key concepts of many peoples. In this paper, based on English and Tatar dictionaries, we presented the concept of "youth" in the form of a frame. We identified the distinctive and similar features of the concept of "youth" in English and Tatar. The materials of this article can be used in the practice of intercultural communication, in the translation process of teaching English to the Tatar audience at higher education institutions and schools in order to develop intercultural communication among learners.
Stating Values through Denial of Substance: Implementation of One Cognitive Mechanism in the Russian Substandard
Authors: Ukhanova Tatiana V. , Kosova Vera A. , Antonakova Darina
Published: December 2017

The article is devoted to the study of objectification in the substandard forms of Russian language concerning the conceptual norm of possession, which represents the axiological aspect of the world picture by sociolect holders. The relevance of the work is determined by the belonging of the indicated problem to the field of the interest intersection from the theory of nomination, cognitive linguistics and social linguistics, and at the same time, by an insufficient knowledge of the implementation means in the mechanism language of value marking concerning socially separate groups of Russian mentality bearers. In Russian language, the cognitive mechanism of value assertion through the negation of a substance is realized through the word-formation category "an attribute for the lack of substance", which belongs to the number of productive nominative categories. Our task was a complex structural and functional description of sub-standard derivatives of this category with the aim to their further comprehension from onomasiologic and cognitive positions. This conditioned the use of word-formation and component analysis methods. Basing on the works by E.S. Kubryakova and N.D. Arutunova, we determined the essence of the Russian mental norm of possession. The model of field organization proposed by us concerning the mental norm of possession made it possible to draw the conclusion about the complexity of the value basis organization concerning the Russian national worldview, determining the role in which the spiritual and moral guidelines play an important role, and the material values located on the periphery are less significant. The results of the research can be applied in the field of linguistic didactics, especially in the practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language, as well as in the organization of associative and social linguistic experiments.
The binding interface of kindlin‐2 and ILK involves Asp344/Asp352/Thr356 in kindlin‐2 and Arg243/Arg334 in ILK
Authors: Guan Si‐Yu , Chng Choon‐Peng , Ong Li‐Teng , Tan Hui‐Foon , Alex Law Sai Kit , Tan Suet‐Mien
Published: December 2017

Focal adhesion (FA) proteins, kindlin‐2 and integrin‐linked kinase (ILK), regulate cell adhesion and migration. ILK interacts with and promotes kindlin‐2 targeting to FAs. Leu353 and Leu357 in kindlin‐2 have been reported to be important for the interaction between kindlin‐2 and ILK. However, the binding interface between kindlin‐2 and ILK remains unclear. Using molecular modeling and molecular dynamics simulations, we show that Asp344, Asp352, and Thr356 in kindlin‐2 and Arg243 and Arg334 in ILK kinase domain (KD) are important in kindlin‐2/ILK complex formation. Mutations that disrupt these interactions abrogate kindlin‐2 and ILK colocalization in HeLa cells. The interactions are direct based on data from pull‐down assays using purified recombinant kindlin‐2 F2‐pleckstrin homology and ILK KDs. These data provide additional insights into the binding interface between kindlin‐2 and ILK.