bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospects for the development of law-formation in Ukraine through the prism of the application of the prognostic method of research
Authors: Didych Taras
Published: December 2021

The author analyzes doctrinal approaches to characterizing the prospects for the development of law-formation in Ukraine. The methodological inadequacy of ensuring the study of the prospects of development of legal phenomena, including lawmaking, is noted. It is noted that law-formation as a socio-legal phenomenon is due to various factors of its development, is influenced by the peculiarities of society as a sphere of its existence, and the state as a central subject of law-making. This conditionality of the process of law formation characterizes such dialectical regularities as the presence of prospects for development and the ability to improve legally significant activities, including activities in the field of law enforcement. Prospects for the development of law-formation as its integral property, reflects the relevant qualitative changes in the process and content of the law-formation, occurring within the temporal boundaries and characterize the law-formation as a phenomenon that has the dynamics of its development.
These characteristics of the law-formation are most thoroughly and comprehensively disclosed in terms of prognostic method of scientific research, because, on the one hand, based on temporal properties and due to relations between subjects, changes in their content that form the basis of law, and on the other hand, they are manifested at the level of legal institutions (the process of law-formation, norms of law, legal regulation, the subjective composition of law-making, etc.). In this regard, the issue of prospects for the development of lawmaking and ways to improve it in terms of improving the process of law formation, identification and consideration of objective laws of its development, improving the quality of law, the quality of its expression, the effectiveness of public relations is important. scientific rethinking in order to develop scientific knowledge about the prospects of law, ways to improve both the process of its formation and improve the quality of law itself. Based on the analysis of scholars' views on the problem of studying law-formation in modern conditions of development of Ukrainian society, the cognitive perspectives of application of the prognostic method of studying law-making in Ukraine are established. Prospects for the development and ways to improve law-formation as independent theoretical and legal aspects of knowledge of law education require the isolation and further application of the prognostic method of research, which is potentially able to: first, to reveal lawmaking through the prism of its development; secondly, to reveal in the most comprehensive way the objective and subjective aspects that determine the future qualitative state of the law-formation, to determine the ways of influencing the formation of law to increase its level; thirdly, to structure the development of law-formation in separate directions.
Theoretical basis of research of the process of formation of police bodies
in the Western Ukrainian lands in 1944-1953
Authors: Zhupnyk Vasyl
Published: December 2021

Purpose. The aim of the study is to analyze the works of Soviet and modern Ukrainian scientists, which reveal the process of formation and specifics of the police in Western Ukraine in the postwar decade. Methods. The methodological basis of the study was a set of general scientific, special scientific and philosophical methods, as well as the principles of historicism and objectivity. The key was the historiographical method and comparative approach, which allowed to identify key approaches and trends in the study of the process of creation and operation of police bodies in Western Ukraine in the first postwar decades. Results. It is established that the scientific works which reveal the process of creation of the Soviet authorities in the western Ukrainian lands, in particular the militia, were formed on the basis of several subjective factors, which were especially evident in the Soviet period. So, first, they were usually timed to coincide with certain events related to the anniversaries of the police and the Communist Party; as a «leading and guiding force»; second, they were all based on Marxist-Leninist methodology; thirdly, they have a one-sided «positive» character, although they give an idea of the main activities of the police; fourth, they do not cover the causes of repression, and even if they do, only as a «fight against criminal and anti-Soviet» criminal elements. In the conditions of Ukraine’s statehood, the departure from ideological dogmas, as well as access to a large array of previously inaccessible to a wide range of researchers archival material made it possible to find new conceptual approaches to objectively cover the history of Soviet police in Ukraine. Scientific novelty. The analysis of the main theoretical and historical-legal approaches to the disclosure of the process of creation and activity of police bodies in the western Ukrainian lands in the conditions of the second wave of Sovietization is given. Practical significance. The results of the preliminaries can be obtained from the previous history and legal preliminaries, preparatory special courses.
Dynamics of the regulatory function of Ukrainian lawin the context of European and international legal harmonization
Authors: Zvarych Roman , Hryvnak Bohdan
Published: December 2021

Purpose. The purpose of the work is a comprehensive theoretical and legal analysis of the main problems of the dynamics of the regulatory function of Ukrainian law in the context of European integration and international legal harmonization. Method. The following theoretical methods of scientific knowledge were used in the study: the method of scientific analysis; system-structural; historical and legal; axiological; comparative law; formal-legal and method of generalization. Results. The scientific article highlights the process of transformation of the regulatory function of modern Ukrainian law in the context of its approximation to EU and international law. In the course of the research it was proved that in the issues of the European integration course the leading role belongs to the principles of realization of the regulatory function and regulatory influence. In particular, the implementation of the principle of the primacy of international law is for Ukraine a political and legal guarantee of stable relations with Europe and the world, as well as a legal means of protecting its legitimate interests. On the basis of the main principle of priority of norms of international law, such derivative principles of interaction of legal systems of the Council of Europe and Ukraine as: a) the principle of the rule of law should be developed; b) the principle of interconnectedness and complementarity of the law of the Council of Europe and Ukraine; c) the principles of cooperation, good faith fulfillment of obligations to the Council of Europe and the principle of mutual protection of human rights. Scientific novelty. The study found that the regulatory function of law, despite the narrowing of its scope at the domestic level and within national legal systems, has expanded its scope at the international and European levels, and especially at the level of European Union law. In this case, in the latter case, it interacts most closely with the integrative function. Practical significance. The results of the research can be useful for further general theoretical and applied research of the dynamics of the regulatory function of Ukrainian law in the context of European and international legal harmonization.
Attempts to overcome the deficit by the imperative method of legal regulation in the conditions of perestroika (on the example of Ivano-Frankovsk region)
Authors: Fedyk Lidiia
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to show the effectiveness of the imperative method of legal regulation of the economy on the example of the Ukrainian SSR. Method. The research methodology is based on the application of a systematic approach, which allowed to consider economic and legal phenomena in their relationship. The following methods of scientific cognition were used in the research: the dialectical method, which made it possible to study the relationship between state and legal phenomena and economic processes; study of the legal status of participants in economic relations of the USSR during the perestroika required the use of a historical method, which made it possible to trace the evolution of the legislation of the USSR on the regulation of economic processes. Using the dogmatic method, the legislation of the studied period is analyzed. The hermeneutic method was used in the interpretation of certain economic concepts from the standpoint of law. Results. In the course of the research the principles of the imperative method of legal regulation for overcoming the deficit are analyzed, namely: laws, orders, directives, prescriptions, instructions. Scientific novelty. On the basis of the analysis of legislative acts of the Ukrainian SSR the problems of economic development of the state are revealed, their reasons and ways of overcoming are analyzed. It was found that the key role was given to administrative methods of economic regulation with an emphasis on the imperative method of legal regulation. The inefficiency of this method is shown, which was expressed in numerous offenses and the development of the "shadow economy". Practical significance. Conclusions and theoretical generalizations can be valuable to avoid negative trends in the economic (deficit, speculation, shadow economy) and legal spheres (absolutization of one method of legal regulation) at the present stage of development of the Ukrainian state.
Institute of public associations in the system of human rights enforcement in Ukraine: constitutional and legal aspect
Authors: Mahnovskyi I.
Published: December 2021

Purpose. The aim of the work is to analyze in the constitutional and legal aspects public associations as a constitutional institution of public nature, to determine its role and importance in the system of human rights enforcement in Ukraine, to clarify the peculiarities of formation and effective activities of this institution. Methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of available scientific and theoretical material and the formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. The following methods of scientific reseach have been implemented: terminological, logical-semantic, functional, system-structural, logical-normative. Results. The study states that the driving force of a democratic, legal process is the growth of an active civil position, which is the basis for the formation of public associations, which are a basic component of civil society. The institute of public associations is an important component of the system of constitutional law of Ukraine. Involving citizens in political decision-making is one of the main principles of direct democracy. The focus is on improving the legal framework of the institute of public associations. Scientific novelty. The study has revealed that public associations, as institutions, should be an integral part of civil society in the formation of democracy; to introduce constitutional and legal mechanisms of interaction with the institution of public associations and to identify their real practical effectiveness for ensuring human rights and needs in society. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in law-making and law enforcement activities during the functioning of the institution of public associations in the system of human rights.
Nivel de Actividad Física en supervivientes de cáncer de mama españolas. Aplicación del HUNT 1-Physical Activity Questionnaire
Authors: Tórtola Navarro Aida , Maciá María José , Cabello Caro Cristian , Santalla Hernández Alfredo
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los niveles de actividad física en supervivientes de cáncer de mama españolas a través de un cuestionario autoadministrado. Asimismo, se estudió la relación entre variables personales y clínicas, variables del entrenamiento y calidad de vida.

Método: La presente investigación es de tipo no experimental, descriptiva y transversal. De una muestra significativa (n=386) de mujeres supervivientes de cáncer de mama, se registraron, mediante encuesta autoadministrada: datos antropométricos, sociodemográficos y clínicos; niveles de actividad física mediante cuestionario HUNT1-Physical Activity Questionnaire; y calidad de vida, mediante cuestionario específico para cáncer de mama Functional Assessment Cancer Theraphy-Breast (FACT-B).

Resultados: El patrón de entrenamiento más habitual fue de 2-3 veces por semana (40.9%), a intensidad ligera (41.7%) en sesiones de 30-60 minutos (51%). La puntuación media en calidad de vida fue de 93±20 puntos (escala 0-148). El índice de masa corporal resultó influir tanto en nivel de actividad física, como en calidad de vida (p<0.001). Respecto a variables clínicas, se encontró relación entre administración de quimioterapia y frecuencia de entrenamiento (p<0.05); estadio de diagnóstico con puntuación total FACT-B (p<0.05); y existencia de comorbilidades sobre subescala física del test de calidad de vida (p<0.05).

Conclusiones: Los resultados indicaron que la mayoría de supervivientes de cáncer de mama españolas no cumplen actualmente los niveles de actividad física recomendados. Del mismo modo sugieren que, aunque el estadio de diagnóstico no parece ser determinante en dicho hábito, sí afecta a su calidad de vida.
Odontocrexis
Authors: Megino Blasco Luis , Calvo Guirado José Luis
Published: December 2021

Se presenta el reporte de un caso de barotraumatismo odontológico durante la práctica de buceo.
Conclusiones de las X Jornadas del grupo Avilés sobre Medicina del Deporte 6-7 de Septiembre de 2021 (León)
Authors: Jiménez López Leocricia
Published: December 2021

El Grupo de Trabajo Avilés fue impulsado por el Consejo Superior de Deportes en 2009 y está formado por representantes de los Centros de Medicina de la Educación Física y el Deporte de todas las comunidades autónomas que cuentan con estas infraestructuras y representantes de centros de medicina del deporte de centros de tecnificación, centros municipales de medicina del deporte y la Agencia Española de Protección de la Saluden el Deporte. Como objetivos de este grupo de trabajo figuran la coordinación entre estas estructuras autonómicas de la medicina del deporte, el planteamiento de soluciones comunes a las diferentes problemáticas que sufren cada uno de los centros y el ser un grupo de asesoramiento, en los diferentes ámbitos de la medicina de la educación física y el deporte, para el Consejo Superior de Deportes.

Este grupo de trabajo se reúne periódicamente; en su última reunión, celebrada en León el 6-7 de septiembre de 2021, se acordaron una serie de conclusiones, en relación a la Pandemia de COVID: evolución, secuelas, recuperación postcovid, COVID persistente, vacunas y modificaciones de los reconocimientos médicos deportivos en relación al COVID.
Waste at Wedding Party (Social Reality Study of Walimatul 'Ursy in Gampong Meunasah Baro, Seulimeum District, Aceh Besar Regency)
Authors: Salahuddin  , Muhammad Hasan
Published: December 2021

Marriage is part of the teachings of the Islamic religion that must be obeyed and carried out by everyone if they already have the ability to be physically and mentally. Marriage is considered imperfect by some people in Gampong Meunasah Baro, Seulimeum District, Aceh Besar Regency if the implementation is not accompanied by a celebration, even though the marriage is legal according to Islamic law. Therefore, after marriage, walimah wil be carried out, which is a celebration that accompanies the marriage to make it official so that it is known in general by the public. The implementation of walimatul 'ursy in Islam is more emphasized on simplicity, convenience, happiness and pleasure or cheapness according to needs, not based on desire. The purpose of this research is to describe redundant in a wedding reception, as well as to describe the impact of waste on the party. In this study, the researchers used qualitative method. The results of the study related to the wedding party in Gampong Meunasah Baro, Seulimeum District, Aceh Besar Regency showed that the celebration of the wedding party was already a tradition that was carried out after the wedding. This tradition is carried out to honor guests, but in the implementation of the reception based on Islamic law, it is detected that there is a redundancy that is often carried out both by the wedding party organizer and by the invited guests. The results of the study show that the waste carried out by the host as the implementation of the intent of the wedding party in the form of providing too much food so that it cannot be finished. After the wedding, a lot of food is wasted. Meanwhile, the waste done by the invited guests either intentionally or unintentionally by not finishing the food or leaving a lot of food that has been placed on the plate. However, in the view of customary law, this is considered normal, even though they know that redundant is a friend of the devil. The results of the study also show that the wedding party has had a good cultural impact, but has no impact on social, religious or economic terms.
Restoration of frontal teeth of the upper jaw with a new domestic submicron photocomposite: a clinical case presentation
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Mochalov I. , Lytvyn T. ,   SNC "Stamil", Dental Center "University", Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2021

Summary. Today, the population of Ukraine has a high need for dental treatment, in particular in the surgical treatment of carious lesions of the teeth by restoration of integrity of the tooth crown. Over the last 10–15 years we can note a tendency to increase the average patient's requirements for greater aesthetics of fillings and restorations of the frontal and masticatory groups of teeth. During performing modern dental work it has become almost mandatory to make the fillings and restorations as close as possible to the natural transparency of the tooth, to imitate its natural appearance by reproducing a whole palette of shades, cutting edge and microrelief. The appearance of photocomposite materials with a particle size of less than 1 μm, improvement of their grinding technique – obtaining spherical particles, improving the composition of the organic matrix of the material – allowed to develop additional optical characteristics of photocomposites – the «chameleon» effect. This is an optical mimicry of color and transparency of the material when placing it in the structure of the vital or devital tooth. An example of restoration of the frontal group of teeth in a patient with non-carious lesions of hard tissues is described. Teeth treatment was performed by the method of singlelayer restoration with photocomposite material of Ukrainian production «Jen-Radiance NEW». Key words: dentistry, tooth, treatment, restoration, photocomposite, color.
Quantitative light-induced fluorescence method in comparative assessment of enamel remineralization indicatiors in vivo and during remineralizing therapy
Authors:   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Gegamyan A. , Lytkina A. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Sarap L. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Zeybert A. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Bauer N. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia
Published: December 2021

Abstract. This article evaluates the rate of remineralization of enamel in patients with focal demineralization after treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances (braces) with Qraypen™ intraoral camera and Qray software (Inspektor Research Systems BV) in two comparative groups. In the first group, natural remineralization through restorative properties of saliva was considered, in the second group, gel R.O.C.S. Medical Minerals was used for enamel remineralization. In the course of evaluating the results of remineralization, obtained in the comparative groups, it was concluded that the complete restoration of enamel due exclusively to the remineralizing properties of saliva in patients after orthodontic treatment did not take place. Conversely, in the group, where R.O.C.S. Medical Minerals gel was used to remineralize enamel, the level indicator of mineral components loss decreased by 20 % after two weeks of its use, and by the sixth week it reached indicators of a decrease in the demineralization level of 50 % from initial one. Key words: remineralization, saliva, quantitative light-induced fluorescence, R.O.C.S. Medical Minerals.
Study of the effectiveness of complex terpathy with anti-inflammatory gel «Perio-Aid» in the complex therapy of patients with generalized periodontitis before orthodontic treatment
Authors:   Vinnytsia National Medical University named after E. Pirogov, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, Isakova N. , Zakalata T. ,   Vinnytsia National Medical University named after E. Pirogov, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, Prokopchuk Z. ,   Vinnytsia National Medical University named after E. Pirogov, Vinnytsia, Ukraine
Published: December 2021

Summary. This article investigates the effectiveness and comparative assessment of the effect of gel and rinse aid «Perio-Aid» microflora of periodontal pockets, periodontal tissue and prevention of recurrence of inflammatory processes in the periodontium in young people before orthodontic treatment. It was found that Perio-Aid has more pronounced anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties compared to other by means of local therapy. According to the data of clinical and microbiological studies, it has been established that the use of Perio-Aid is already in the tenth day leads to a decrease in the number of periodontal pathogenic microorganisms, eliminates the symptoms of inflammation, reduces the depth of periodontal pockets and has a positive effect on the course of the initial generalized periodontitis, which shortens the preparation time for orthodontic treatment. Key words: periodontium-pathogenic microorganisms, generalized periodontitis.
The effect of microstructure of the surface, the design and dimension of dental implants on their stability and the process of osteointegration during immediate and delayed implantation
Authors:   FSBEI VO Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Kazan, Russia, Grishin P. , Mamaeva E. ,   FSBEI VO Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Kazan, Russia, Kalinnikova E. ,   FSBEI VO Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Kazan, Russia, Kozlov A. ,   GU "Institute of Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery NFMNU", Odessa, Ukraine, Kushner E. ,   HE MedU, Odessa, Ukraine, Chigarina C. ,   FSBEI VPO Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Samara, Russia
Published: December 2021

Abstract. This article presents the results of a clinical study of the stability and process of osteointegration implants of 11 known implant dental systems. The effect of the microstructure of 3 types of implant surface (HSTTM, SLA and RBM) and their design features (shape, size, type of carving) on the indicators of their stability and osteointegration process during immediate and delayed implantation with immediate functional load is shown and analyzed. The stability of the implants and the dynamics of the quality of osteointegration were determined by the devices «Osstell Mentor» and «Periotest» in the process of treatment, starting from the moment of implant installation in different eras (2 weeks, 1 month, 2 months and 3 months). 414 patients between the ages of 20 and 70 were monitored. Of these, there are 249 and 165 male women. The average age of the operated patients was: for men – 54 years for women – 49 years. All patients were divided into two groups of the first – 109 patients who after extraction were directly implanted into the hole of the remote tooth with the subsequent immediate load, the second group – 305 patients who were delayed implantation with immediate load. A total of 1,302 implants were installed. The study revealed a link between the type of surface of the implant, primary stability and the time of its osteointegration during certain periods of clinical observation. The results of the study demonstrated the important role of combining microstructure of the surface, design and dimension features, the type of insertion of implants on their primary stability and the process of osteointegration in the conduct of both immediate and delayed implantation. Key words: frequency resonance analysis, damping, stability, osteointegration, fixation, implants, periotestometry, immediate implantation.
Elevated Glucagon in a Patient with Necrolytic Acral Erythema: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Koblinski Jenna E , Traube Blake W , Kessler Margaret , Shinar Brenda
Published: December 2021

Necrolytic acral erythema (NAE) is a relatively newly described dermatologic disease that is often associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Oral zinc therapy is a successful treatment; however, therapy is often delayed due to misdiagnosis. There are limited reports of NAE in the literature. This paper presents a case of NAE in a 68-year-old male with untreated HCV, whose NAE was diagnosed and treated as recurrent cellulitis for 12 years. He had low serum zinc and elevated serum glucagon levels. Elevated glucagon is not often reported in NAE, but the patient’s CT abdomen was negative, ruling out glucagonoma and necrolytic migratory erythema. He improved with oral zinc replacement and was referred to the hepatology department for HCV treatment. This paper additionally presents a review of the literature for NAE cases.
Hubungan antara Kemampuan Aktivitas Fungsional dan Risiko Jatuh pada Lansia di Yayasan Batara Hati Mulia Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Mardiansyah Mardiansyah , Hardianto Yudi , Nur'amalia Riskah
Published: December 2021

Pada proses penuaan terjadi penurunan berbagai fungsi tubuh, seiring dengan bertambahnya usia akan menyebabkan perubahan pada struktur dan fungsi sel, jaringan, maupun sistem organ. Perubahan tersebut dapat menurunkan kekuatan otot yang berikutnya akan memengaruhi kemampuan aktivitas fungsional sehingga dapat menurunkan keseimbangan dan dapat meningkatkan risiko jatuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kemampuan aktivitas fungsional dan risiko jatuh pada lansia di Yayasan Batara Hati Mulia Kabupaten Gowa dengan menggunakan indeks Berthel dan pengukuran time up and go test . Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional . Penelitian ini melibatkan sampel dalam 60 tahun ke atas melalui teknik pengambilan sampelpurposive sampling sehingga diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 53 orang lansia. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji hubungan dengan menggunakan Spearman Rho memperoleh nilai signifikansi (p) sebesar 0,000 dengan derajat kekuatan hubungan antar variabel kedua yang dinyatakan dengan koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar -,579 yang berarti adanya hubungan negatif antara kemampuan aktivitas fungsional dan risiko jatuh dengan derajat kekuatan hubungan bersifat kuat. Dapat dikatakan bahwa meningkatkan kemandirian kemampuan aktivitas fungsional maka semakin rendah risiko yang terjadi, begitupun sebaliknya.
«Cognitive land economy» as a way of accomplishment the objective laws of living and non-living nature and society
Authors: Kovaliv O.
Published: December 2021

The structures of economic production and nature management in the modern backgrounds of the socio-economic system in Ukraine are becoming increasingly subject to the laws of land utilize (use) and its natural resources as natural objects for the benefit of the people. In the outlined conditions, taking into account the factors of external aggression and internal instability, it is necessary to improve the institutional component of the real economic and legal strengthening of Ukrainian statehood while accelerating socio-economic development on a qualitatively new evolutionary basis. The purpose of the study is scientific-theoretical and methodological comprehension of the author’s latest idea of «Cognitive Land Economy» and possible «accomplishment» of land reform, not just «completion» of what was not actually and what is contrivedly imposed on society, applying the current provisions of the Fundamental Law of Ukraine, gained practical experience and a systematic approach to solving the problem of the relationship in time between the «subject» of economic space management — human and the «object» of management — economic land space, by painless (for society) correction of mistakes made during the last quarter of a century. A Pyramid-model of the relationship between economic and social factors from the standpoint of a cognitive approach to study them in a fundamental and practical relationship. The author defined this attitude as system-creating to describe the holistic processes of relations in «cognitive economic systems», in particular, land, with the phenomenal property of self-compensation of complexity. The selection of structural, substantial and subjective properties, as well as the links between them allowed the author to establish that the economic land reality is a «cognitive system», which provides an opportunity to complete land reform based on the laws of living and non-living nature and society. Based on the above assumptions and general theoretical and informational ideas and concepts of «cognitive land economy», which operate in socio-economic systems of many levels as formal correlates of the «holistic effect» the author defines the basic systemic land economic principles for establishing the balance «source — form — content» and the coordination and uniformization of information in the economic land space of these as well as economic and legal, and economic management systems to carry out the rule of «common goals»
Conceptual basis of ensuring the balanced development of recreational tourism in the context of European integration
Authors: Babikova K. , Oliinyk H.
Published: December 2021

The article considers the ecological and socio-economic essence of balanced recreational tourism. The research of the balanced recreational and tourist market on principles of the concept of sustainable tourism development is covered. The main conceptual directions of ensuring the development of balanced recreational tourism based on studying the approaches of foreign and domestic researchers investigated. The conceptual bases of the development of balanced recreational tourism are offered based on the European experience. It is proved that the development of balanced recreational tourism in our country will contribute to the harmonization of ecological and socio-economic development of the territory and will create a competitive and unique market product. The necessity to need for consideration of the existing domestic and European theories and concepts for the development of balanced recreational tourism is substantiated.
Scientific basis of organization of ecologically safe land use
Authors: Furdychko O. , Drebot O. , Dobryak D. , Melnyk P. , Sakharnatska L.
Published: December 2021

The article highlights the environmental problems of land use, its rationalization; optimal use of agricultural lands, in particular, arable lands; a modern interpretation of the content of rational use of agricultural lands. Environmental and economic aspects of this problem are considered. The information data necessary for the decision of this problem are given, namely indicators of natural-agricultural zoning, regional ecological and economic features of manufacture of the basic production of agriculture, indicators of properties and quality of soils and agrobiological requirements of the main crops to natural, primarily soil, environment, indicators of yields of these crops and data on production costs and revenues.
The organization of ecologically safe land use is recommended in three stages. The first stage consists of allocating areas growing certain crops in Ukraine, that agroecological interpretation materials natural and agricultural zoning to study the environmental conditions of production agriculture. If the growing zones of certain crops have specific, inherent only in each of them, geographical areas, then it is determined where and which crops in terms of natural conditions should be located.
The second stage of identifying the ecological and economic features of the production of basic agricultural products based on data on natural conditions, especially soil, is to determine the suitability of land for the area within the growing zones.
The third stage of the organization of ecologically safe land use is to determine according to the data on the suitability of soils of the territory with optimal conditions for growing the crop, i.e. where the best and with the highest assessment of soils prevail. The growing zone can have at least three such agronomic regions (districts) — with the best, average, and worst conditions. In modern conditions, when prices of goods forming market relations, accounting for differences in land productivity as a productive resource becomes a necessary objective condition for the profitable and ecologically safe existence of agriculture.
Influence of a Post-dam Sediment Pulse and Post-fire Debris Flows on Steelhead Spawning Gravel in the Carmel River, California
Authors: Smith Douglas P. , Schnieders Jamie , Marshall Lauren , Melchor Katherine , Wolfe Skylar , Campbell Devon , French Alyssa , Randolph Joseph , Whitaker Mattole , Klein Joseph , Steinmetz Cory , Kwan Ruby
Published: December 2021

Spawning gravel scarcity is a limiting factor for successful recovery of federally-threatened anadromous fish like steelhead of central California. A BACI-experimental design using bed particle counts from 2013 through 2021 shows that spawning-sized gravel (32–90 mm) diminished downstream of the former San Clemente Dam site in 2017, following dam removal in 2015. High flows in 2017 transported a pulse of sand and fine-gravel that filled pools and runs throughout the river below the dam. The bed material in the 3 km closest to the dam remained too coarse for redds in riffles and too fine in pools and runs. Time-series bathymetric data of the Los Padres Dam reservoir located in the upper Carmel watershed shows that nearly all bed material (including spawning gravel) in the upper Carmel River watershed was recruited during wet winters that immediately followed expansive wildfires. We studied that effect in detail following the Carmel Fire of August 2020, which preconditioned the slopes adjacent to the Carmel River for debris flows. Our analysis of several fire-mediated debris flows in 2021 show that they contained virtually no mud and held approximately 45% spawning-sized gravel. Although the debris flows contained abundant spawning gravel, and several flow snouts terminated in the Carmel River, the material was dispersed downstream rather than forming bars and patches that could be used for steelhead nest building. The generally small volume of material in the flows relative to the size of the river channel and impediments to debris flow runout limited the contribution of spawning-size gravel to the river.
Targeting the BMP Pathway in Prostate Cancer Induced Bone Disease
Authors: Straign Desiree M. , Ihle Claire L. , Provera Meredith D. , Owens Philip
Published: December 2021

From the 33,000 men in the U.S. who die from prostate cancer each year, the majority of these patients exhibit metastatic disease with bone being the most common site of metastasis. Prostate cancer bone metastases are commonly blastic, exhibiting new growth of unhealthy sclerotic bone, which can cause painful skeletal related events. Patient’s current care entails androgen deprivation therapy, anti-resorptive agents, radiation, and chemotherapy to help control the spread of the cancer but little intervention is available to treat blastic bone disease. The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathways are known to regulate bone growth and resorption of destructive lytic bone lesions, yet the role of TGFβ/BMP signaling in prostate cancer blastic vs lytic bone lesions are not fully understood. We hypothesized that to target the BMP/TGFβ pathway, a useful biomarker of bone lytic or blastic pathology would have superior response. We show distinct BMP vs. TGFβ signaling in clinical samples of human prostate cancer bone metastases with either lytic or blastic pathologies. BMPs exhibit distinct effects on bone homeostasis, so to examine the effect of BMP inhibition on healthy bone, we treated mice with the BMP receptor small molecule antagonist DMH1 and saw a modest temporary improvement in bone health, with increased trabecular bone. We next sought to use the BMP inhibitor DMH1 to treat bone metastasis engraftment seeded by a caudal artery injection of the lytic human prostate cell line PC3 in immunodeficient mice. The colonization by PC3 cells to the bone were restricted with DMH1 treatment and bone health was importantly preserved. We next proceeded to test BMP inhibition in an injury model of established bone metastasis via intratibial injection of the MYC-CaP mouse prostate cell line into FVBN syngeneic mice. DMH1 treated mice had a modest decrease in trabecular bone and reduced lymphocytes in circulation without affecting tumor growth. Taken together we show unique responses to BMP inhibition in metastatic prostate cancer in the bone. These studies suggest that profiling bone lesions in metastatic prostate cancer can help identify therapeutic targets that not only treat the metastatic tumor but also address the need to better treat the distinct tumor induced bone disease.
Association Between the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Metrics
Authors: Xu Binxin , Chen Jiahui , Zhang Shaohua , Shen Shengli , Lan Xuan , Chen Zhineng , Yan Zhiqiang , Xu Bingxiang
Published: December 2021

Diabetic retinopathy, the most serious ocular complication of diabetes, imposes a serious economic burden on society. Automatic and objective assessment of vessel changes can effectively manage diabetic retinopathy and prevent blindness. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) metrics have been confirmed to be used to assess vessel changes. The accuracy and reliability of OCTA metrics are restricted by vessel segmentation methods. In this study, a multi-branch retinal vessel segmentation method is proposed, which is comparable to the segmentation results obtained from the manual segmentation, effectively extracting vessels in low contrast areas and improving the integrity of the extracted vessels. OCTA metrics based on the proposed segmentation method were validated to be reliable for further analysis of the relationship between OCTA metrics and diabetes and the severity of diabetic retinopathy. Changes in vessel morphology are influenced by systemic risk factors. However, there is a lack of analysis of the relationship between OCTA metrics and systemic risk factors. We conducted a cross-sectional study that included 362 eyes of 221 diabetic patients and 1,151 eyes of 587 healthy people. Eight systemic risk factors were confirmed to be closely related to diabetes. After controlling these systemic risk factors, significant OCTA metrics (such as vessel complexity index, vessel diameter index, and mean thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer centered in the macular) were found to be related to diabetic retinopathy and severe diabetic retinopathy. This study provides evidence to support the potential value of OCTA metrics as biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy.
Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes With Levothyroxine Treatment in Women With Subclinical Hypothyroidism Based on New Diagnostic Criteria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ding Zheng , Liu Yindi , Maraka Spyridoula , Abdelouahab Nadia , Huang He-Feng , Fraser William D. , Fan Jianxia
Published: December 2021

Background

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) during pregnancy has been associated with multiple adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. However, the potential benefits of levothyroxine (LT4) supplementation remain controversial. Variations across studies in diagnostic criteria for SCH may, in part, explain the divergent findings on the subject. This study aimed to assess the effect of LT4 treatment on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women who were diagnosed as SCH based on the most recent diagnostic criteria.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature published from inception to January 2020. The search strategy targeted the studies on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes following LT4 treatment in women with SCH based on 2017 American Thyroid Association diagnostic criteria. Pooled effect sizes were estimated using fixed and random effect models, according to the absence or presence of heterogeneity which was assessed using the I-squared statistic. Sources of heterogeneity and the stability of results were evaluated through sensitivity analysis.

Results

Of the 2781 identified references, 306 full-text articles were screened for eligibility. Finally, 6 studies including a total of 7955 participants were retained for analysis. Summary effect estimates indicated that pregnant women with SCH treated with LT4 had a lower risk of pregnancy loss [odds ratio (OR) = 0.55, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43-0.71], preterm birth (OR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.41-0.98) and gestational hypertension (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.63-0.97) than those in control group.

Conclusion

LT4 treatment in pregnant women with SCH may reduce the risk of pregnancy loss, preterm delivery and gestational hypertension.
Socioecology of the Australian Tree Skink (Egernia striolata)
Authors: Riley Julia L. , Noble Daniel W. A. , Stow Adam J. , Bolton Peri E. , While Geoffrey M. , Dennison Siobhan , Byrne Richard W. , Whiting Martin J.
Published: December 2021

There is great diversity in social behavior across the animal kingdom. Understanding the factors responsible for this diversity can help inform theory about how sociality evolves and is maintained. The Australian Tree Skink (Egernia striolata) exhibits inter- and intra-population variability in sociality and is therefore a good system for informing models of social evolution. Here, we conducted a multi-year study of a Tree Skink population to describe intra-population variation in the social organization and mating system of this species. Skinks aggregated in small groups of 2–5 individuals, and these aggregations were typically associated with shared shelter sites (crevices and hollows within rocks and trees). Aggregations were typically made up of one or more adult females and, often, one male and/or juvenile(s). Social network and spatial overlap analyses showed that social associations were strongly biased toward kin. Tree skinks also exhibited high site fidelity regardless of age or sex. There were high levels of genetic monogamy observed with most females (87%) and males (68%) only breeding with a single partner. Our results indicate that Tree Skinks reside in small family groups and are monogamous, which corresponds with existing research across populations. Similar to previous work, our study area consisted of discrete habitat patches (i.e., rock outcrops, trees, or both), which likely limits offspring dispersal and promotes social tolerance between parents and their offspring. Our study clearly demonstrates that there is intra-population variability in Tree Skink social behavior, but it also provides evidence that there is a high degree of inter-population consistency in sociality across their geographic range. We also highlight promising possible avenues for future research, specifically discussing the importance of studying the nature and extent of Tree Skink parental care and quantifying the fitness outcomes of kin-based sociality in this species, which are topics that will further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying variation in vertebrate social behavior.
NLRP3 Influences Cognitive Function in Schizophrenia in Han Chinese
Authors: Liu Ruimei , Tang Wei , Wang Weiping , Xu Feikang , Fan Weixing , Zhang Yi , Zhang Chen
Published: December 2021

It has been proposed that immune abnormalities may be implicated with pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The nod-like receptor pyrin domain-contraining protein 3 (NLRP3) can trigger immune-inflammatory cascade reactions. In this study, we intended to identify the role of gene encoding NLRP3 (NLRP3) in susceptibility to schizophrenia and its clinical features. For the NLRP3 mRNA expression analysis, 53 drug-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 56 healthy controls were enrolled. For the genetic study, a total of 823 schizophrenia patients and 859 controls were recruited. Among them, 239 drug-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia were enrolled for clinical evaluation. There is no significant difference in NLRP3 mRNA levels between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls (p = 0.07). We did not observe any significant differences in allele and genotype frequencies of rs10754558 polymorphism between the schizophrenia and control groups. We noticed significant differences in the scores of RBANS attention and total scores between the patients with different genotypes of rs10754558 polymorphism (p = 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively). Further eQTL analysis presented a significant association between the rs10754558 polymorphism and NLRP3 in frontal cortex (p = 0.0028, p = 0.028 after Bonferroni correction). Although our findings did not support NLRP3 confer susceptibility to schizophrenia, NLRP3 may be a risk factor for cognitive impairment, especially attention deficit in this disorder.
SUMO4 Gene SNP rs237025 and the Synergistic Effect With Weight Management: A Study of Risk Factors and Interventions for MetS
Authors: Tong Zhoujie , Qi Jia , Ma Weixuan , Wang Di , Hu Boang , Li Yulin , Jia Xu , Peng Jie , Wang Zhihao , Zhong Ming
Published: December 2021

Aim: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is widespread across the world. Gene targeted therapy and risk management are promising approaches for MetS intervention. SUMO4 gene rs237025 polymorphism is related to an increased risk of diabetes, therefore, it is considered a target for the gene polymorphism research of MetS.

Methods: A case-control study was performed to study the interaction of rs237025 with MetS and the components of MetS. A 5-years follow-up survey was carried out to elucidate the crosstalk between rs237025 and weight management, and the synergistic effect on MetS.

Results: A total of 1,008 MetS patients and 1,047 controls were recruited in this research. By cross-section study, we find that rs237025 is an independent risk factor for increased Waist Circumference (WC), elevated Triglyceride (TG), elevated Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), and MetS. Cross-over analysis identifies the interaction of rs237025 and weight management as a risk factor for MetS, the synergistic effects of rs237025 and weight management are negative to WC, TG, and High-density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c).

Conclusion:SUMO4 gene rs237025 is related to increased risk of MetS, weight management is essential to MetS intervention, especially for patients with rs237025 polymorphism.