bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of MRI for prediction of response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer compared to other subtypes of breast cancer
Authors: Bansal Gaurav J , Santosh Divya
Published: January 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the prediction of response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative (TN) breast cancer, with respect to other subtypes. Materials and Methods: There were a total of 1610 breast cancers diagnosed between March 2009 and August 2014, out of which 82 patients underwent MRI before and after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy but just before surgery. TN cancers were analyzed with respect to others subtypes. Accuracy of MRI for prediction of pathological complete response was compared between different subtypes by obtaining receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 was used for all data analysis, with P value of 0.05 as statistically significant. Results: Out of 82 patients, 29 were luminal (HR+/HER2−), 23 were TN (HR−, HER2−), 11 were HER2 positive (HR−, HER2+), and 19 were of hybrid subtype (HR+/HER2+). TN cancers presented as masses on the pre-chemotherapy MRI scan, were grade 3 on histopathology, and showed concentric shrinkage following chemotherapy. TN cancers were more likely to have both imaging and pathological complete response following chemotherapy (P = 0.055) in contrast to luminal cancers, which show residual cancer. ROC curves were constructed for the prediction of pathological complete response with MRI. For the TN subgroup, MR had a sensitivity of 0.745 and specificity of 0.700 (P = 0.035), with an area under curve of 0.745 (95% confidence interval: 0.526–0.965), which was significantly better compared to other subtypes. Conclusion: TN breast cancers present as masses and show concentric shrinkage following chemotherapy. MRI is most accurate in predicting response to chemotherapy in the TN group, compared to others subtypes. MRI underestimates residual disease in luminal cancers.
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting in the management of chronic mesenteric angina: A single center experience
Authors: Thomas Tixon , Kader Nazar P , Prabhu Nirmal K , Kannan Rajesh , Pullara Sreekumar K , Moorthy Srikanth
Published: January 2017

Introduction: The objective of our study was to review the results of percutaneous angioplasty (PTA)/stenting in the treatment of patients who presented with symptoms and angiographic findings of chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI). Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 13 consecutive patients from a single institution who underwent PTA/stenting for the treatment of symptoms suggestive of CMI. Results: All 13 patients in our study were men, and most common presenting symptoms were weight loss and postprandial pain. Atherosclerosis was the most common cause. PTA and stenting was performed in 9 patients and PTA alone was done in 4 patients. Primary technical success rate was 92% with complete resolution of symptoms within 2 weeks in all patients. No statistical difference was noted in primary clinical success rate based on the number of vessels treated or the method of treatment. However, in patients whom SMA was treated had longer duration of symptom-free survival as compared to other vessels. Conclusion: PTA and stenting are very effective therapeutic options for patients presenting with CMI symptoms. It should be considered as the first-line of management in such patients.
Restricted diffusion in the corpus callosum: A neuroradiological marker in hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy
Authors: Kale Alok , Joshi Priscilla , Kelkar A
Published: January 2017

Background: Restricted diffusion within the splenium of the corpus callosum has been described by other authors in various conditions, however, restricted diffusion in the entire corpus callosum or isolated involvement of the splenium, genu, or body has been infrequently reported on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy. We report a series of cases showing different patterns of involvement. Methods and Materials: Perinatal imaging with MRI including diffusion-weighted imaging was performed in 40 neonates with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy, including 11 premature neonates. Sixteen out of 40 patients demonstrated restricted diffusion within the corpus callosum. Out of 16 patients, 9 showed restricted diffusion in the entire corpus callosum, 4 had isolated splenium involvement, 2 had body and splenium signal abnormality, and 1 showed diffusion restriction only in the genu. Conclusions: Changes in the corpus callosum were also associated with more severe clinical presentation of encephalopathy. Restricted diffusion within the corpus callosum in infants with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy is often associated with extensive brain injury and appears to be an early neuroradiologic marker of adverse neurologic outcome.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology of metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the pancreas: A multi-center experience
Authors: Pannala Rahul , Hallberg-Wallace Karyn M. , Smith Amber L. , Nassar Aziza , Zhang Jun , Zarka Matthew , Reynolds Jordan P. , Chen Longwen
Published: January 2017

Introduction:

The increasing use of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) cytology to examine pancreatic neoplasms has led to an increase in the diagnosis of metastases to the pancreas. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common metastasis to the pancreas. Our study examines 33 cases of metastatic RCC to the pancreas sampled by EUS-FNA from four large tertiary care hospitals.

Materials and Methods:

We searched the cytopathology database for RCC metastatic to the pancreas diagnosed by EUS-FNA from January 2005 to January 2015. Patient age, history of RCC, nephrectomy history, follow-up postnephrectomy, radiological impression, and EUS-FNA cytologic diagnosis were reviewed.

Results:

Thirty-three patients were identified. The average age was 67.5 years (range, 49–84 years). Thirty-two patients had a previous documented history of RCC. One patient had the diagnosis of pancreatic metastasis at the same time of the kidney biopsy. Thirty-one patients had been treated with nephrectomy. Twenty-seven patients were being monitored annually by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Twenty-five patients had multiple masses by imaging, but 8 patients had a single mass in the pancreas at the time of EUS-FNA. EUS-FNA of 20 cases showed classic morphology of RCC. Thirteen cases had either “atypical” clinical-radiologic features or morphologic overlaps with primary pancreatic neoplasms or other neoplasms. Cell blocks were made on all 13 cases and immunochemical stains confirmed the diagnosis.

Conclusions:

EUS-FNA cytology is useful for the diagnosis of metastatic RCC to the pancreas. Cytomorphology can be aided with patient history, imaging analyses, cell blocks, and immunochemical stains.
Diagnostic utility of double immunostaining of a urine cytology preparation for cytokeratin 20/p53 expression in a young woman with micropapillary urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis presenting as an unknown primary malignancy
Authors: Kim Hyun-Jung , Sung Lucky , Kim Jung-Yeon , Park Kyeongmee
Published: January 2017

Atypical urine cytology (CYT) triggers a cystoscopic or another ancillary investigation that targets urothelial neoplasms. We report a case presenting as an unknown primary malignancy, which illustrated the diagnostic utility of direct double immunostaining for cytokeratin 20 (CK20)/p53 expression in a urine CYT specimen. A 42-year-old woman visited the emergency room for pain in her right lower abdominal quadrant. Computed tomography revealed postrenal obstructive hydronephrosis, and her urine CYT showed malignancy, type undetermined. Atypical cells that are positive for cytoplasmic expression of CK20 and nuclear expression of p53 could facilitate the decision to perform a nephroureterectomy for urothelial carcinoma.
The effect of the small amount of formaldehyde in the SurePath liquid when establishing protocols for immunocytochemistry
Authors: Bjønness-Jacobsen Ellen Cathrine , Eriksen Anne Kristine Kallevåg , Hagen Vidar Nyløkken , Østbye Kirsten Margrethe , Wittersø Anna , Pedersen Mette Kristin , Sauer Torill
Published: January 2017

Background:

SurePath® is an ethanol-based liquid fixative. In addition to ethanol, it also contains a small amount of formaldehyde (<0.2%). The aim of this study was to investigate the immunoreactivity of cells stored for different lengths of time in the SurePath liquid.

Materials and Methods:

Rest material from one malignant and three benign effusions were fixed in SurePath for 1–12 days. Cytospins were incubated with cytokeratin 7 antibody (AB) to evaluate the staining intensity of carcinoma cells and benign, reactive mesothelial cells. Protocols varied as to pretreatment and AB incubation time.

Results:

Reduced immunostaining intensity was seen within 5 days of storage in the SurePath liquid. It was restored when the pretreatment time was prolonged.

Conclusions:

The small amount of formaldehyde in the SurePath liquid seems to affect the immunoreactivity. Local immunocytochemistry protocols in the cytology laboratories should consider this when optimizing their procedures. Postfixation with formalin should be omitted.
Vertical profile of atmospheric dimethyl sulfide in the Arctic
Spring and Summer
Authors: Ghahreman Roya , Norman Ann-Lise , Croft Betty , Martin Randall V. , Pierce Jeffrey R. , Burkart Julia , Rempillo Ofelia , Bozem Heiko , Kunkel Daniel , Thomas Jennie L. , Aliabadi Amir A. , Wentworth Gregory R. , Levasseur Maurice , Staebler Ralf M. , Sharma Sangeeta , Leaitch Richard
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Vertical distributions of atmospheric dimethyl sulfide (DMS(g)) were sampled aboard the research aircraft Polar 6 near Lancaster Sound, Nunavut, Canada in July 2014 and on pan-Arctic flights in April 2015 that started from Longyearbyen, Spitzbergen, and passed through Alert and Eureka, Nunavut and Inuvik, Northwest Territories. Larger mean DMS(g) mixing ratios were present during April 2015 (campaign-mean of 116±8 pptv) compared to July 2014 (campaign-mean of 20±6 pptv). Observations in July 2014 indicated a decrease in DMS(g) mixing ratios with altitude up to about 3 km, and the largest mixing ratios were found near the surface above ice-edge and open water, coincident with increased particle concentrations. In contrast, DMS(g) mixing ratios sampled in April 2015 were as high as 100 pptv near 2500 m. The April campaign also exhibited uniform campaign-mean vertical profiles overall although some profiles showed an increase with altitude. GEOS-Chem chemical-transport model simulations indicate that Arctic seawater (north of 66° N) contributes the majority of DMS(g) to the Arctic profiles (>90 %) in July 2014 flight tracks which were below 3000 m. More than 90 % of DMS(g) in April 2015 was from Arctic seawater for measurements below 500 m, but that declined to 60 % for altitudes between 500 m and 3000 m. FLEXPART simulations indicate that for summer 2014, the sampled air mass originated over Baffin Bay and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Whereas, for springtime 2015, the air mass sampled on flights near Alert and Eureka originated from Baffin Bay/Canadian Archipelago and from long-range transport (LRT) around the northern tip of Greenland. Our results highlight the role of open water below the flight as the source of DMS(g) during July 2014, and the influence of LRT of DMS(g) from further afield in the Arctic above 2500 m during April 2015.
Quantifying nutrient uptake as driver of rock weathering in forest
ecosystems by magnesium stable isotopes
Authors: Uhlig David , Schuessler Jan A. , Bouchez Julien L. , Dixon Jean , von Blanckenburg Friedhelm
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Plants and soil microbiota play an active role in rock weathering and potentially couple weathering at depth with erosion at the soil surface. The nature of this coupling is still unresolved because we lacked means to quantify the passage of chemical elements from rock through higher plants. In a temperate forested landscape of the Southern Sierra Critical Zone Observatory (SSCZO), California, we measured magnesium (Mg) stable isotopes that are sensitive indicators of Mg utilisation by biota. We find that Mg is highly bio-utilised: 50–100 % of the Mg released by chemical weathering is taken up by forest trees. To estimate the tree uptake of other bio-utilised elements (K, Ca, P and Si) we compared the dissolved fluxes of these elements and Mg in rivers with their solubilisation fluxes from rock (rock dissolution flux minus secondary mineral formation flux). We find a deficit in the dissolved fluxes throughout, that we attribute to the nutrient uptake by forest trees. Therefore both the Mg isotopes and the flux comparison suggests that a substantial part of the major element weathering flux is consumed by the tree biomass. This isotopic and elemental compartment separation is preserved only if the mineral nutrients contained in biomass are prevented from re-dissolution after litter fall, showing that these nutrients have been removed as "solid" biomass. The enrichment of 26Mg over 24Mg in tree trunks relative to leaf litter suggests that this removal occurs mainly in coarse woody debris (CWD). Today, CWD is exported from the ecosystem by tree logging. Over pre-anthropogenic weathering time scales, a similar removal flux might have been in operation in the form of natural erosion of CWD. Regardless of the removal mechanism, our data provides the first direct quantification of biogenic uptake following weathering. We find that Mg and other bio-elements are taken up by trees at up to 7 m depth, and surface recycling of all bio-elements but P is minimal. Thus, in the watersheds of the SSCZO in which weathering is fast and kinetically-limited, the coupling between erosion and weathering might be established by bio-elements that are taken up by trees, not recycled and missing in the dissolved river flux due to erosion as CWD and as leaf-derived bio-opal for Si. We suggest that the partitioning of a biogenic weathering flux into eroded plant debris might represent a significant global contribution to element export after weathering in eroding mountain catchments that are characterised by a continuous supply of fresh mineral nutrients.
Water-use dynamics of an alien invaded riparian forest within the mediterannean climate zone of the Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Scott-Shaw Bruce C. , Everson Colin S. , Clulow Alistair D.
Published: January 2017

Abstract. In South Africa the invasion of riparian forests by alien trees has the potential to affect the country's limited water resources. Tree water-use measurements have therefore become an important component of recent hydrological studies. It is difficult for government initiatives, such as the Working for Water (WfW) alien clearing programmes, to justify alien tree removal and implement rehabilitation unless a known hydrological benefit can be seen. Consequently water-use within a riparian forest along the Buffeljags river in the Western Cape of South Africa was monitored over a three year period. The site consisted of an indigenous stand of Western Cape afrotemperate forest adjacent to a large stand of introduced Acacia mearnsii. The heat ratio method was used to measure the water-use of a selection of representative indigenous species in the indigenous stand, a selection of A. mearnsii trees in the alien stand and two clusters of indigenous species within the alien stand. The indigenous trees in the alien stand at Buffeljags river showed significant intraspecific differences in the daily sap flow rates varying from 15 to 32 L day−1 in summer (sap flow being directly proportional to tree size). In winter (June) this was reduced to only 7 L day−1 when less energy was available to drive the transpiration process. The water-use in the A. mearnsii trees showed peaks in transpiration during the months of March 2012, September 2012 and February 2013. These periods corresponded to favourable climatic conditions of high average temperatures, rainfall and high daily vapour pressure deficits (VPD – average of 1.26 kPa). The average daily sap flow ranged from 25 L to 35 L in summer and approximately 10 L in the winter. The combined accumulated daily sap flow per year for the three Vepris lanceolata and three A. mearnsii trees was 5700 and 9200 L respectively, clearly demonstrating the higher water-use of the introduced Acacia trees during the winter months. After spatially upscaling the findings, it was concluded that, annually, the alien stand used nearly six times more water per unit area than the indigenous stand. This finding indicates that there would be a hydrological gain if the alien species are removed from riparian forests and rehabilitated back to their natural state.
A Scalable Cloud Based on Commodity Hardware
Authors: Ghosh Saibal , Agrawal Dharma
Published: January 2017

The recent explosion in the speed and connectivity of the Internet has opened up the possibility of millions and possibly billions of devices connected together. Combined with the development of small, low power devices, new paradigms in the field of computing have opened up. Traditional passive electronic devices now have rudimentary computing capabilities. The resulting Internet of Things (IoT), comprised of smart interconnected devices is improving our ability to gather ambient information and make informed decisions that directly benefit humanity. However, the ubiquity of these devices also presents an interesting scenario wherein the devices can perform limited general-purpose computations when they are not performing their primary functions. A computational task divided into a large number of smaller, micro tasks, each of which take only a few CPU cycles to complete. By distributing these tasks over a large number of devices, we can achieve a substantial amount of computation with seemingly modest devices. In this work, we explore a mechanism to enable such massively parallel computations in low powered commodity hardware devices through fine-grained task parallelism.
Simulation Tools for Underwater Sensor Networks: A Survey
Authors: Das Anjana P , Thampi Sabu M
Published: January 2017

In underwater sensor network(UWSN) research, it is highly expensive to deploy a complete test bed involving complex network structure and data links to validate a network protocol or an algorithm. This practical challenge points to the need of a simulation environment which can reproduce the actual underwater scenario without the loss of generality. Since so many simulators are proposed for UWSN simulation, the selection of an appropriate tool based on the research requirement is very important in validation and interpretation of results. This paper provides an in-depth survey of different simulation tools available for UWSN simulation. We compared the features offered by each tool, pre-requirements, and provide the run time experiences of some of the open source tools. We conducted simulation of sample scenarios in some of the open source tools and compared the results. This survey helps a researcher to identify a simulation tool satisfying their specific research requirements.
Bayyinah Sharrieff: African American Traveler, University of Khartoum Student, Nation of Islam Leader
Authors: Curtis Edward E. , Johnson Sylvester A.
Published: January 2017

Bayyinah Sharrieff is a significant, but largely unknown figure for the study of Africana religions in the 1960s. This primary source includes dozens of her columns in the Muhammad Speaks newspaper that discuss a period of twenty-two months during which she was a student at the University of Khartoum in Sudan.
Students experiences of peer-support during a Master’s thesis process
Authors: Kaakinen Pirjo , Suhonen Marjo , Lutovac Sonja , Kaasila Raimo
Published: January 2017

Working as an expert in health care requires peer-support skills. The aim of the study is to describe students’ (n = 8) experiences of peer-support from other students during their Master’s thesis process. This study was a qualitative and the data (n = 29) was collected from the students through a number of repeated open questions during one year. The data were analysed by a qualitative content analysis. The results show that students both received and gave individual and mental peer-support during their Master’s thesis process. The results also show that students need to be active in peer-support group such as to share ideas, to discuss openly and to read peers thesis. The peer-support helped the students to formulate research plan and think more critically based on others students’ feedback. Peer-support received in a group can help increase opportunities for learning working life skills for Master’s thesis students, but further research is needed. More widely in health care, it is important to be aware of the existence of peer-support and discuss how it can be promoted.
Fractal Interpolation in the Financial Analysis of a Company
Authors: Leon-Ogazon Miguel Angel , Romero-Flores Edna Araceli , Morales-Acoltzi Tomas , Machorro-Rodriguez Angel , Salazar-Medina Marcos
Published: January 2017

This article discusses a new approach to financial analysis of a company, using the technique known as a function of fractal interpolation, to calculate missing observations in a database containing financial information about an organization. Numerical experiments were carried out to compare the effects of using traditional linear interpolation with the function of fractal interpolation, revealing that the data adjusts better to the fractal method.
Impact of Information Systems on Innovation (Product Innovation, Process Innovation) - Field Study on the Housing Bank in Jordon
Authors: Abualloush Shadi , Bataineh Khaled , Aladwan Atef Saleh
Published: January 2017

The use and activation of information systems is now considered an important measure of the extent of organizations growth and progress. Thus, many of organizations accelerated and rushed today to find, develop and benefit from such systems to achieve its objectives. Perhaps the successive technological developments have made access to information quickly and easily, especially in light of the low costs of obtaining and using such systems; and to meet the needs of organizations and support performing the administrative functions therein. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the effect of management information system (TPS, MIS, DSS, ESS) on innovation (Product and process). The study population consisted of the Housing Bank branches in Irbid Governorate in all senior, middle and lower administrative levels. Sample was taken from all employees in the branches of the Housing Bank in Irbid Governorat. Approximately 160 questionnaires were distributed. About 152 questionnaires were retrieved. About 13 questionnaires were excluded due to non-validity of the statistical analysis, so that the questionnaires valid for analysis would become 139 questionnaires to form the percentage of (91%). The study reached to conclusion of, Existence of positive significant correlation between each of the management information system, decision support system, Executive Information Systems and innovation (product and process). Lack of positive correlation between the Transaction Processing Systems and innovation (product and process). The researcher recommended, focusing on the use of decision support systems for the nature of the data which can be provided, as it depends on the internal and external data systems, which assist the organization in studying and analyzing the internal position of the organization that is reflected on its external position which contributes to increase its competitiveness through discovering new services and products increase the satisfaction of the customer’s desire.
Predictors of Complain Behaviour among Mobile Telecommunication Network Consumers
Authors: Chinedu Anyanwu Hilary , Haron Sharifah Azizah , Osman Syuhaily
Published: January 2017

This research paper sought to empirically determine the predictors of consumer complain behaviour. High prevalence of anomalies with mobile telecommunication network services without a lasting solution emphasized the significance of the present study. Hawkins, Best, & Coney (2004) consumer complain behavioural framework was used as the study’s theoretical background. It was a quantitative study which employed a cross-sectional survey. A total of 385 respondents within Festac town in Nigeria were selected stratifiedly for the study. Descriptive analysis showed that 64.9% of the respondents are passive while 35.1% are active complainers. Regression analyses revealed that six demographic variables explained 4.9% variance on complain behaviour while dissatisfaction explained additional 10% variance on complain behaviour. It further indicated that three control measures were significant, with dissatisfaction (β=-.33, p <.001), religion (β=.12, p <.05) and level of income (β=.11, p <.05). Dissatisfaction is an insubvertable factor of complain behaviour regardless of consumers’ religious affiliation and level of income. Firms should try to alleviate dissatisfaction, encourage active complain, and pay more attention to consumers’ religiosity and level of income since these variables influence complain behaviour.
The Influence of the Store Internal Dimensions on the Customer Loyalty: A Comparative Study between Sameh Mall and Khalid Mall
Authors: Joudeh Jamal M. M.
Published: January 2017

Customer loyalty is among the factors that increase the competitive advantage of stores and raise its market share among the other stores. Nowadays, the issue of loyalty and customer loyalty is becoming a trend among all stores even the small stores and supermarkets that are found in the local provinces (Rajic & Dado, 2013). The current study aims at understanding the influence of the internal dimensions of the store on the customer loyalty between Sameh mall and Khalid mall. The variables which were taken into perspective were (product quality, product range, employees, physical evidence, and prices). The sample of the study contained customers who attended both stores; 350 individuals were selected to fulfill the questionnaire and 340 questionnaires were retrieved. The results of the study showed that the price was the most influential factor that influences the loyalty of the customer for the benefit of Sameh Mall.
Investigating the Effect of Selected Marketing Efforts in Brand Equity Creation and Its Cross-Cultural Invariance in Emerging Markets
Authors: Asare Isaac Twum , Lei Shen
Published: January 2017

In the field of brand management, numerous studies have been conducted on brand equity conceptualization, measurement and validation. Also, previous researchers have shown that consumer-based brand equity via its dimensions can be created and maintained through a company’s marketing mix activities. Brand equity according to Keller, is the differential effect of brand knowledge on consumer response to the marketing activities performed on the brand. Due to cultural differences, consumers’ reaction will differ and thus these marketing efforts will have varying results in different markets.Drawn from both Aaker’s & Keller’s conceptualizations of brand equity, the current study develops a brand equity creation process model similar to Yoo et al.’s and examines its cross-cultural invariance through a structural invariance test using data from two important growing markets—Ghana and China. Results prove that some marketing efforts and dimensions of brand equity have invariant effects on brand equity across the Ghana and Chinese samples. Specifically, the effect of price on perceived quality was not equivalent in both markets. Relationship among brand equity dimensions were also not equivalent, however these dimensions all show an equivalent, positive effect on brand equity. Managerial implications for international brands and limitations for future research are discussed.
Inter-temporal R&D and Capital Investment Portfolios for the Electricity Industry’s Low Carbon Future
Authors: Santen Nidhi R. , Webster Mort D. , Popp David , Pérez-Arriaga Ignacio
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT

A pressing question facing policy makers today in developing a long-term strategy to manage carbon emissions from the electric power sector is how to appropriately balance investment in R&D for driving innovation in emerging low- and zerocarbon technologies with investment in commercially available technologies for meeting existing energy needs. Likewise, policy makers need to determine how to allocate limited funding across multiple technologies. Unfortunately, existing modeling tools to study these questions lack a realistic representation of electric power system operations, the innovation process, or both. In this paper, we present a new modeling framework for long-term R&D and electricity generation capacity planning that combines an economic representation of endogenous non-linear technical change with a detailed representation of the power system. The model captures the complementary nature of technologies in the power sector; physical integration constraints of the system; and the opportunity to build new knowledge capital as a non-linear function of R&D and accumulated knowledge, reflective of the diminishing marginal returns to research inherent in the energy innovation process. Through a series of numerical experiments and sensitivity analyses— with and without carbon policy—we show how using frameworks that do not incorporate these features can over- or under-estimate the value of different emerging technologies, and potentially misrepresent the cost-effectiveness of R&D opportunities.
Solana, Miguel (coord.); Badia, Anna; Cebollada, Àngel; Ortiz, Anna y Vera, Ana (2016). Espacios globales y lugares próximos: Setenta conceptos para entender la organización territorial del capitalismo global
Authors: Tulla Antoni F.
Published: January 2017

Solana, Miguel (coord.); Badia, Anna; Cebollada, Àngel; Ortiz, Anna y Vera, Ana (2016)Espacios globales y lugares próximos: Setenta conceptos para entender la organización territorial del capitalismo globalBarcelona: Icaria Editorial, 336 p.ISBN 978-84-9888-703-7
Escala de mitos en duelo. Relación con el estilo de afrontamiento evitativo y validación psicométrica
Authors: Bermejo Jose Carlos , Villacieros Marta , Fernandez-Quijano Invencion
Published: January 2017

ResumenEn la elaboración del duelo, tanto las estrategias particulares de afrontamiento como el concepto que maneja el doliente sobre la muerte son fundamentales. El propósito de esta investigación es analizar la relación entre el estilo de afrontamiento evitativo y los mitos o creencias erróneas sobre el duelo además de establecer la dimensionalidad de la Escala de Mitos en Duelo (EMD; Amurrio y Limonero, 2007). Dicha escala se pasó a una muestra de 265 personas (81 % mujeres y 19 % hombres). Los indicadores revelaron buen ajuste a los datos, estableciéndose dos dimensiones: el primer factor recoge la creencia de que es mejor no recordar lo sucedido y el segundo que es mejor no expresarlo. Los resultados señalaron que el uso de estrategias de afrontamiento evitativo, ser hombre, la ausencia de formación universitaria y el haber perdido a un familiar de segundo grado, predicen un mayor nivel de mitos en duelo. AbstractIn the elaboration of the duel both individual coping strategies as the concept that manages the grieving over death are fundamental. The purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship between the avoidant coping style and myths or misconceptions about the duel, apart from establishing the dimensionality of the Scale of Myths in Duel (SMD) (Amurrio and Limonero, 2007). The scale was passed to a sample of 265 people (81 % of women and 19 % men). Indicators revealed good fit to the data settling two dimensions: the first factor reflects the belief that it is better not to remember what happened and the second that it is better not to express it. Findings pointed that the use of avoidant coping strategies, being a man, the absence of university training and having lost a second-degree level of closeness familiar, predict a higher level of myths in duel.
Sobre la desensibilización sistemática. Una técnica superada o renombrada
Authors: Vallejo-Slocker Laura , Vallejo Miguel A.
Published: January 2017

ResumenEn este trabajo se lleva a cabo una reflexión sobre la pionera Desensibilización Sistemática (DS), cuyos principios parecen haber sido asumidos por otros procedimientos de mayor popularidad. Aunque olvidada, los fundamentos de la DS cuentan con referencias a nuevos enfoques como la Teoría de Marcos Relacionales (RFT) o el mindfulness, así como una gran variedad de aplicaciones más allá del abordaje de las fobias específicas. Desde un punto de vista teórico y en comparación con otras técnicas de exposición, la DS contribuye de mejor manera a la reducción de la ansiedad mediante: la relajación, la presentación gradual y el aprendizaje duradero de una respuesta alternativa bajo un contexto estimular variado que favorece la generalización. Además la DS es mejor recibida por los pacientes, es un procedimiento flexible y con unas bases teóricas consolidadas, siendo estas razones suficientes para revalorar la técnica. AbstractThis paper constitutes a reflection about the pioneer Systematic Desensitization (SD), which bases seem to have been assumed by more popular procedures. Al­though SD fell into oblivion; its foundations remain as part of new approaches such as the Relational Frame Theory or mindfulness and targets a wide range of disor­ders besides specific phobias. Theoretically speaking and in comparison, with other exposition techniques, SD contributes in a better way to the reduction of anxiety by: relaxation, calibration of the exposures and a long-lasting learning of an alternative response within a varied sti­mulating context that favors generalization process. Mo­reover, SD is better accepted by patients and is a flexible procedure with consolidated bases. These serve as suffi­cient arguments to revalue this technique.
Perfeccionismo infantil: Normalización de una escala argentina para su evaluación
Authors: Oros Laura , Vargas-Rubilar Jael
Published: January 2017

ResumenLa Escala de Perfeccionismo Infantil (Oros, 2003), es un instrumento argentino de sencilla aplicación que permite indagar la presencia de pensamientos irracionales en forma de autodemandas y las consecuentes reacciones perfeccionistas ante el fracaso de las mismas. La escala ha demostrado tener un buen funcionamiento psicométrico al ser aplicada en muestras de niños escolarizados de entre 8 y 13 años de edad, sin embargo, no existen hasta el momento baremos nacionales que arrojen valores de referencia para la interpretación de los puntajes. El objetivo del presente trabajo es ofrecer los resultados de la normalización de dicha escala, estableciendo diferencias por género y edad. Dos mil doscientos setenta niños y niñas completaron la escala en el contexto escolar. Análisis de variancia (ANOVA y MANOVA) indicaron puntuaciones más elevadas en los varones en la escala global y en la dimensión de autodemandas. Respecto a la edad, se encontraron diferencias en la dimensión de autodemandas, presentando más autoexigencias irracionales los niños menores (8 a 10 años). Por lo tanto, se presentan los valores normativos segregados por género y edad, los cuales constituyen un aporte significativo para la investigación y la práctica clínica.  AbstractChildren’s Perfectionism Scale (Oros, 2003) is an ar­gentinian instrument of simple implementation which allows investigating the presence of irrational thought, showed as a self-demanding behavior, and its related perfectionist reactions when those self-demands are not fulfilled as expected. The scale has proved to be a good psychometric instrument when applied in a sample of children attending school between the ages of 8 and 13 years old. However, it has not been de­veloped so far any national scale that provides refer­ence values for the interpretation of the scores. The aim of this paper is to provide the results of such scale standardization, establishing differences based of gender and age. Two thousand two hundred and seventy children completed the scale within the school context. Analysis of variance ANOVA and MANOVA showed higher scores for the boys in the global scale and in the self-demand dimension. With regards to age, it has been found that children aged 8 to 10 show differences in the self-demand dimension showing more irrational self-demands. Therefore, normative values are presented and segregated by gender and age, which represents a significant contri­bution for clinical practice and research.
Fundamentos áureos de la teoría política platónica: sobre el mito del Político y la tradición religiosa
Authors: Hernández de la Fuente David
Published: January 2017

El presente artículo pretende, tras pasar revista a la bibliografía existente y al estado de la cuestión sobre el mito del Político de Platón, proponer en primer lugar una nueva lectura de este a la luz de la tradición religiosa griega y, concretamente, del Leitmotiv hesiódico del mito de las edades del hombre. En segundo lugar, la comparación de este mito y su trasfondo religioso con otros diálogos políticos del filósofo ateniense, notablemente con las Leyes, revela a nuestro ver a una insistencia en las nociones de la edad de oro y del gobierno divino como ideal político. Considerar este pasaje del Político como un fundamento en el nivel mítico y alusivo para estas nociones en otros diálogos de Platón (sobre todo en las Leyes) permitiría, si nuestra hipótesis de trabajo se confirma, ilustrar la interacción del proyecto político global del filósofo con el recurso a la tradición religiosa y con los ejemplos míticos de otros diálogos políticos.
Paisajes no duales en el pensamiento oriental
Authors: Román López María Teresa
Published: January 2017

El presente artículo está dentro de la línea de una serie de trabajos cuyo motivo principal gira en torno a la no-dualidad; en él se reúnen algunas de las reflexiones que han prosperado en diversos espacios intelectuales de oriente. Doctrinas, textos, escuelas y pensadores han ido dando cuerpo y sentido a este escrito, constituyendo un espectro muy valioso de perspectivas y variantes interpretativas.
Sentimiento de decadencia y espíritu de regeneración en la filosofía política española del s. XVII: Álamos de Barrientos
Authors: Cabrera Trigo Lola
Published: January 2017

Siguiendo las pautas del tacitismo, Baltasar Álamos de Barrientos representa como pocos el espíritu regenerador de la política española. El artículo trata de poner de relieve la importancia de esta figura histórica en un momento de grave crisis del imperio, adaptando formas de maquiavelismo –que ciertos sectores habían rechazado- para prevenir sobre la experiencia actual mediante el continuo aleccionamiento de la experiencia pasada (la historia como “magister vitae”). Así, de la tradicional “política ancilla moralis teologiae” se pasa al “conocer para prevenir, prevenir para vencer”, gracias a la influencia del impío Maquiavelo, tamizado por el tacitismo racional de Álamos.Tras él, muchos en España han cogido el testigo del regeneracionismo con el mismo éxito: los novatores, los regeneracionistas decimonónicos…hasta nuestros días, en los que muchos quieren ocupar ese lugar apelando a una "segunda transición", a una "marea de cambio", a un "mundo mejor posible"... Pero ¿quién realmente está proponiendo soluciones técnicas /racionales a los problemas concretos?
Sobre la especificidad del ateísmo moderno
Authors: Sánchez Meca Diego
Published: January 2017

En este ensayo se trata de analizar el tipo específico de ateísmo que caracteriza y peculiariza al pensamiento filosófico contemporáneo, representado en tres autores: Marx, Nietzsche y Freud. Para todos ellos la religión es una ilusión que debería quedar superada y desplazada por la ciencia, el progreso de la civilización y la autosuperación del individuo. La religión es el fruto de una proyección subjetiva, es decir, de una invención a la vez individual y colectiva, de naturaleza compensatoria, propia de un estadio infantil e inmaduro de los individuos y de la sociedad que debería superarse para acceder a una situación de más libertad, de más salud psíquica y, en definitiva, de mejor realización humana. Por eso, estos tres pensadores exhiben su ateísmo en íntima conexión con una crítica de la cultura cuyo fin es propugnar una liberación del ser humano de todo aquello que lo aliena, lo anula o lo neurotiza, es decir, de todo aquello que le impide ser todo lo que los seres humanos podríamos llegar a ser. No se trata, por tanto, de una destrucción de lo religioso como dimensión existencial propia y distintiva de lo humano, sino de una crítica de determinadas expresiones que la religión y la fe en Dios han adoptado en nuestra cultura.
El primer principio, `Potencia de todas las cosas’, En Plotino
Authors: Zamora Calvo José María
Published: January 2017

Plotino denomina al Uno-Bien potencia de todas las cosas (δύναμις πάντων), o potencia total (δύναμις πᾶσα). Asimismo, el primer principio es designado como más allá del ser, anterior o superior a todas las cosas, pero nunca dice que sea anterior o superior a la potencia. El Uno no es ninguna de todas las cosas (οὐδὲν τῶν πάντων), es decir, es “diferente de todas las cosas”, porque es “anterior a todas ellas” y está “más allá de todas las cosas”, porque es “principio de todas las cosas”, “causa de todas las cosas” o también “potencia de todas las cosas”, pero potencia activa y productiva de todo, y no pasiva  o receptiva de todo como la materia.
La carta como abstracción, conocimiento y desencuentro. El Caso de G.W. Leibniz
Authors: Nicolás Juan Antonio
Published: January 2017

En la producción filosófica de los siglos XVI al XVIII ocupa un papel muy importante la correspondencia entre los intelectuales de diversas disciplinas. Dada la ausencia de revistas científicas, de editoriales y, por supuesto, de correo electrónico, la correspondencia postal (al ritmo posible en aquellos momentos) era un elemento clave de intercambio de conocimientos, de discusión y descubrimiento de nuevos hallazgos.Se plantea aquí una reflexión sobre el sentido de la carta y su papel en la constitución del saber. Se destacan tres rasgos principales: la carta es una abstracción respecto a su contexto propio que es el conjunto de la correspondencia entre dos o más autores; la carta es un producto fundamental no sólo en la difusión del saber entre especialistas, sino también en su descubrimiento y creación; y por último, el intercambio epistolar no sólo constituye un modo esencial de comunicación entre científicos, políticos o intelectuales, sino que también a veces ha constituido la plataforma en la que han tenido lugar desencuentros de alcance histórico.Toda esta reflexión se ilumina al hilo de los textos y ejemplos de la inmensa correspondencia de Leibniz.
La solución leibniziana al problema de la relación cuerpo-alma desde una perspectiva actual
Authors: Poser Hans
Published: January 2017

Rudolf Carnap había publicado en el año 1928 su obra Pseudoproblemas en la filosofía, donde intentaba mostrar que la lucha entre idealismo y realismo carecía de sentido, al no ser posible de ninguna manera demostrar o refutar una de las dos posiciones. Poco después, en los años cincuenta del pasado siglo XX Ludwig Wittgenstein tuvo una gran repercusión al proponer como “solución” la idea de que los problemas de este tipo descansan sobre un hechizo de la mente, el cual se origina por una mezcolanza de diferentes juegos lingüísticos –descansando el uno sobre objetos físicos, el otro sobre sensaciones y estados anímicos.
Women, Stress and Heart Health: Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Cho Kyoung-Im
Published: January 2017

Psychological stress including depression and anxiety are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality, especially in women. Emotional regulation plays a mediating role in the development of depression and physical illness, and can alter resting physiologic responses associated with the stress response. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is a structured group program that employs mindfulness meditation to alleviate suffering associated with physical, psychosomatic, and psychiatric disorders. MBSR was originally developed for the management of chronic pain, which is now used widely to reduce psychological morbidity associated with chronic illnesses and to treat emotional and behavioral disorders. In cardiovascular disease, MBSR may be helpful for controlling several risk factors for coronary heart disease such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, oxidative and psychosocial stress, obesity, and smoking, and improvements in submaximal exercise responses and heart rate variability. Although the most effective mode of stress reduction therapy is yet to be established, increasing recognition is being given to MBSR therapy.
The Synergistic Effect of Intrathecally Administered Dexmedetomidine and Ketorolac on Mechanical Allodynia in Rats with Spinal Nerve Ligation
Authors: Cheong Yong Kwan , Kim Yeon Dong , Lee Ju Hwan , Ham Hyang Do , Choi Seung Won , Park Seon Jeong
Published: January 2017

Objectives This research was carried out to identify the synergistic effect of dexmedetomidine and ketorolac on neuropathic pain alleviation. Methods The anti-allodynic effect of intrathecal dexmedetomidine and ketorolac was investigated in rats after L5 spinal nerve ligation (SNL). Mechanical allodynia was assessed using Von Frey filaments. Every day for 3 consecutive days, beginning on the 10th day after SNL, behavioral tests were carried out at 1, 2, and 4 hr after drug injection. Results Significant increases in ipsilateral paw withdrawal thresholds (PWTs) were observed 1, 2, and 4 hr after drug injection in the groups of rats which received intrathecal injection of either dexmedetomidine (group D) or ketorolac (group K), compared to group S (P< 0.05). And group DK, which received simultaneous intrathecal injection of both dexmedetomidine and ketorolac, showed statistically significantly higher ipsilateral PWTs than groups D and K, which received only one of them (P< 0.05). Conclusions The results of this research demonstrated the anti-allodynic effect of dexmedetomidine and ketorolac on neuropathic pain induced by SNL in rats. They also suggest that synergistic analgesia can be induced by the simultaneous injection of dexmedetomidine and ketorolac, and that combination therapy is an effective approach to treating chronic neuropathic pain syndrome.