bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Different Substrates on Nutrient Composition of Vermicompost and Vermiwash
Authors: Jadhav A.B. , Gosavi A.B. , Jadhav S.A. , Patil A.V.
Published: May 2024

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different substrates on nutrient composition of vermicompost and vermiwash at Division of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Pune during 2022-23. High density polyethylene beds of 12 X 4 X 2 feet size were used for production of vermicompost. While 200 liter capacity plastic barrels were employed for vermiwash preparation. There were five treatments of substrate combination like 25% rain tree litter (RTL) + 75% paddy straw spent mushroom compost (PSSMC); 50%tree litter+50% paddy straw spent mushroom compost (PSSMC); 75% tree litter+25% paddy straw spent mushroom compost (PSSMC); 100% rain tree litter, 100% paddy straw spent mushroom compost (PSSMC) were used for the preparation of vermicompost with earthworm Eisenia fetida and replicated four times in completely randomized block design. There were ten plastic barrels of above capacity were used for by using vermicompost prepared from different substrate combinations. The sampling, harvesting and characterization of vermiwash was done in duplicate for first and second harvest after incubation period of 15 days.
Results showed that pH, EC, organic matter, C: N ratio, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper in vermicompost were significantly influenced by different proportions of rain tree litter and paddy straw spent mushroom compost. C: N ratio of vermicompost prepared by using rain tree litter and paddy straw spent mushroom compost was ranged between 9.71 and 16.19. Significantly higher total nitrogen (2.31%), phosphorus (1.185%), potassium (0.863%), iron (1072 mg kg-1), manganese (231.50 mg kg-1), zinc (254 mg kg-1) and copper (54.25 mg kg-1) were noted in vermicompost from 100% rain tree litter. Significantly high EC (total soluble salts) at first and second harvest of vermiwash was reported when 100% rain tree litter compost and vermicompost as substrate used. Further, vermiwash prepared by using vermicompost from rain tree litter reported significantly higher nitrogen (0.65 and 0.51%), phosphorus (0.33 and 0.27%) and potassium (0.27 and 0.23%) content at both harvest respectively but higher content was in first harvest. Vermiwash prepared from 100% raintree litter vermicompost reported significantly higher Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu content at both harvesting stage.
Influence of Growing Region on Targeted Anthocyanin Profile, Color, Phenolics, and Antioxidant Activity of Grape Juice
Authors: Somkuwar R. G. , Kakade P. B. , Thutte A. S. , Sharma A. K. , T. P. Ahammed Shabeer , Karunambigai Arthanareeswaran , Thoke Siddanna
Published: May 2024

Influence of Growing Region on Targeted Anthocyanin Profile, Color, Phenolics, and Antioxidant Activity of Grape Juice cv. Manjari Medika (MM) were examined. The prevailing environmental conditions affect chemical composition or metabolites of grapes. The MM grape berries were harvested from three environmentally different locations in India i.e. Pune (MMJP), Vijayapura (MMJV), and Nashik (MMJN). MMJV, grown in region with high average temperatures and low rainfall showed higher levels of (393.65 ± 8.18 g/L) reducing sugar with lower levels of color intensity (49.69±0.55%), juice recovery (68.70±0.54%), and acidity (6.98±0.04 g/L) followed by flavonoids (0.023 g/L) than the regions with relatively low temperatures and high rainfall ((MMJP) and (MMJN)). In UHPLC-Oribitrap MS analysis, a total of 11 anthocyanins, which includes delphinidin-3-galactoside (Dp3Ga), cyanidin (Cy), peonidin-glucoside-4-Vinylphenol (Pn3Glu4VP), petunidin-3-glucoside (Pt3Glu), malvidin-3-glucoside (Mv3Glu), pelargonidin (Pg), petunidin-3-acetyl glucoside (Pt3ace), peonidin-3-acetyl glucoside (Pn3ace), malvidin-3-acetyl glucoside (Mv3ace), delphinidin (Dp) and petunidin (Pt) were detected in grape juice samples. MMJV. It is interesting to note that among the 11 anthocyanins detected, two compounds, petunidin-3-acetyl glucoside (Pt3ace) and peonidin-3-acetyl glucoside (Pn3ace), have been reported only in specific grape juice samples, i.e., Pt3ace in MMJV and Pn3ace in MMJN. Discriminatory compounds among the regions were petunidin-3-acetyl glucoside (Pt3ace), peonidin-3-acetyl glucoside (Pn3ace), and cyanidin (Cy) according to principal component analysis (PCA). UHPLC-MS results showed that the total anthocyanin content of the fresh juice in the cultivar tended to increase with altitude from sea level.
A comprehensive Review on Genomic Approaches for Insect Pest Management
Authors: Pujar Kishor , Pagire Kailas S. , B. R. Archana , Purushotham Pooja , Chakrabarty Sourav , Muwel Kundan , Saikia Ranjita , Kumar Arun
Published: May 2024

Genomic approaches, such as RNA interference (RNAi) and CRISPR/Cas9, have shown promise for insect pest management. RNAi techniques involve the use of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNA) to silence specific target genes in arthropod pests, which can be highly selective and safe for non-target organisms. CRISPR/Cas9 technology, on the other hand, allows for precise editing of insect genomes, offering potential strategies for controlling pests through various mechanisms such as impairing reproductive capacity or making pests susceptible to insecticides. These genomic approaches provide species-specific and environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical insecticides, which are facing challenges such as resistance and negative impacts on human health and the environment. However, there are still challenges to overcome, such as the delivery of genetic material into the germline of insects, particularly in the Hemiptera order. Further research and advancements in these genomic technologies are needed to fully realize their potential for insect pest management.
Lactic Acid Production by Lactobacillus paracasei 168 in Discontinuous Fermentation Using Lucerne Green Juice as Nutrient Substitute
Authors: Vodnar D. C. , Venus J. , Schneider R. , Socaciu C.
Published: February 2010

The aim of this study was the utilization of lucerne green juice (LGJ), obtained in 2005 and 2008, as nutrient substitute in lactic acid fermentation using Lactobacillus paracasei 168, in a discontinuous fermentation process with the addition of 55 g/L glucose and 15 g/L yeast extract. The LGJ after pressing fresh green mass contains a series of nitrogen‐containing compounds and inorganic salts that are essential for cell growth. The strain used, L. paracasei 168, achieved at 40.5 °C and pH 6.0 a maximum productivity of up to 2.56 g L–1 h–1 and a lactic concentration close to 45.97 g/L in trial A (LGJ 2008/glucose), 2.19 g L–1 h–1, 47.23 g/L in trial B (LGJ 2005/glucose), 2.93 g L–1 h–1, 42.27 g/L in trial C (LGJ 2008/glucose/yeast extract), and 2.68 g L–1 h–1, 47.33 g/L in trial D (LGJ 2005/glucose/yeast extract). Addition of yeast extract in trials C and D induced faster growth of L. paracasei 168. Lactate yields of about 87 % were obtained in all trials. The lactic acid formed was the optically pure L‐(+)‐isomer at up to 97 % in trial B. Pearson's analysis showed that the level of lactic acid in the control trial was positively and significantly correlated with trial A (r2 = 0.9899), B (r2 = 0.9582), C (r2 = 0.9901), and D (r2 = 0.9938), with p <0.0001.
One class classifiers for process monitoring illustrated by the application to online HPLC of a continuous process
Authors: Kittiwachana Sila , Ferreira Diana L. S. , Lloyd Gavin R. , Fido Louise A. , Thompson Duncan R. , Escott Richard E. A. , Brereton Richard G.
Published: February 2010

In process monitoring, a representative out‐of‐control class of samples cannot be generated. Here, it is assumed that it is possible to obtain a representative subset of samples from a single ‘in‐control class’ and one class classifiers namely Q and D statistics (respectively the residual distance to the disjoint PC model and the Mahalanobis distance to the centre of the QDA model in the projected PC space), as well as support vector domain description (SVDD) are applied to disjoint PC models of the normal operating conditions (NOC) region, to categorise whether the process is in‐control or out‐of‐control. To define the NOC region, the cumulative relative standard deviation (CRSD) and a test of multivariate normality are described and used as joint criteria. These calculations were based on the application of window principal components analysis (WPCA) which can be used to define a NOC region. The D and Q statistics and SVDD models were calculated for the NOC region and percentage predictive ability (%PA), percentage model stability (%MS) and percentage correctly classified (%CC) obtained to determine the quality of models from 100 training/test set splits. Q, D and SVDD control charts were obtained, and 90% confidence limits set up based on multivariate normality (D and Q) or SVDD D value (which does not require assumptions of normality). We introduce a method for finding an optimal radial basis function for the SVDD model and two new indices of percentage classification index (%CI) and percentage predictive index (%PI) for non‐NOC samples are also defined. The methods in this paper are exemplified by a continuous process studied over 105.11 h using online HPLC. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pervaporative Trennung von MeOH/Toluol‐Gemischen mit einer hydrophilen Polymerflachmembran
Authors: Bachmann J. , Spielmann T. , Venetz A. , König U.‐C.
Published: February 2010

Die Ressourcenverknappung fordert ökologische und ökonomische Prozessalternativen mit ausreichender Betriebssicherheit. Die Pervaporation (PV) und die Dampfpermeation (DP) sind industriell etabliert, da sich viele Gemische mit optimierten Membranmaterialien schonend und wirtschaftlich separieren lassen. Organoselektive Verfahren, bei denen eine organische Komponente rein erhalten werden kann, stellen dabei die grösste Herausforderung dar. Als Synthesebaustein wirtschaftlich relevanter Produkte und als Energieträger ist Methanol solch ein Wertstoff. Es kann mit organischen Lösemitteln ein Azeotrop bilden und ähnelt in vielen Eigenschaften dem Wasser. Daher wird hier die Effizienz einer hydrophilen Polymerflachmembran im PV‐Dauerbetrieb bei der Trennung des Systems Methanol/Toluol (MeOH/TOL) demonstriert.
Brain Abscess in an Adult With Atrial Septal Defect
Authors: Sung Chong Won , Jung Jae‐Hun , Lee Sang‐Hak , Choi Seonghoon , Cho Jung Rae , Lee Namho , Kim Chang‐Hyun
Published: February 2010

Brain abscess is a serious complication of congenital heart disease in children and adolescents. This association is rarely observed in adults. This article describes the case of a 41‐year‐old man who presented with altered mental status. Brain MRI showed a brain abscess at the left frontal lobe. The patient was successfully treated with surgical removal and appropriate antibiotics. Echocardiographic examination showed atrial septal defect (ASD) with bidirectional shunt. Transcatheter closure of ASD was carried out 6 months after neurosurgical treatment. We discuss the association of brain abscess and ASD. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Atrial Electroanatomical Remodeling as a Determinant of Different Outcomes Between Two Current Ablation Strategies: Circumferential Pulmonary Vein Isolation Vs Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Authors: Jin Hwang Hye , Myung Lee Jung , Joung Boyoung , Lee Byung‐Ho , Kim Jin‐Bae , Lee Moon‐Hyoung , Jang Yangsoo , Kim Sung Soon
Published: February 2010

Background

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the efficacy of the 2 different ablation techniques of atrial fibrillation (AF) and left atrial (LA) size.

Methods and Results

A total of 81 patients with paroxysmal AF (n = 58) or persistent AF (n = 23) refractory to antiarrhythmic drugs underwent circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (PVI; n = 45) or PVI (n = 36) without respect to echocardiographic results for LA volume index (LAVI). Of the 81 patients, 41 had less dilated LA (group 1; LAVI < 27 cc/m2) and 40 had dilated LA (group 2; LAVI ≥ 27 cc/m2). During the 9‐month follow‐up, 33 patients (73.3%) after circumferential PVI and 18 (50%) after PVI (P = .031) were free of arrhythmia. The risk of recurrence was associated with persistent AF, hypertension, LAVI > 27 ml/m2, PVI, early recurrence of AF, and lower left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (all P value <.05). In the univariate analysis of each group, PVI (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.12–7.08, P = .018) was associated with late recurrence only in group 2. Cox regression analysis also showed that PVI (HR: 5.6, 95% CI: 1.9–16.56, P = .002) was a significant independent predictor of recurrence only in group 2.

Conclusions

Circumferential PVI is more effective than PVI only in patients with a structural change of the atria, that is, a dilated LA. Our study suggests that a successful outcome in dilated LA may depend on wide modification of LA electroanatomical substrates, but wide ablation in less dilated LA may be unnecessary. Different technical strategies according to LA size are required for more a effective outcome. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Right Ventricular Function Suffers From Reperfusion Delay: Tissue Doppler Study
Authors: Kidawa Michal , Kasprzak Jaroslaw D. , Wierzchowski Tomasz , Krzeminska‐Pakula Maria
Published: February 2010

In this study, impact of reperfusion delay on adverse cardiac events and right ventricular (RV) function in patients with acute right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI) was assessed. In 70 patients with RVMI, RV function was assessed by M‐mode tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and by pulsed wave tissue Doppler echocardiography (TDE). Right ventricular early (E′T) and late diastolic (A′T), peak systolic tricuspid annular velocity, (S′T) and right ventricular myocardial performance index (RVMPI) were measured. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the time between the onset of symptoms and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)—group 1 (n = 25), ≤3 hours and group 2 (n = 45), > 3 hours. During 30‐day follow‐up, we assessed adverse cardiac events like the following: death, cardiogenic shock, need for intra‐aortic counterpulsation, temporary transvenous pacing support (PCM), presence of ventricular septal defect (VSD), cardiac tamponade, or free wall rupture.

Results

Group 1 had significantly higher values of E′T, S′T, and TAPSE than group 2. RVMPI was significantly elevated in group 2. A total of 13 (18.2%) patients had a cardiac event, 5 patients (7.1%) died. We observed an increase of cardiac events in patients with reperfusion delayed more than 3 hours (P = .056).

Conclusion

TAPSE‐derived and TDE‐derived right ventricular systolic and early diastolic velocities were less affected in patients with shorter time from pain onset to opening of the occluded right coronary artery (RCA). Presented initial data show that the tissue Doppler technique may be useful for identification of patients with RV infarction with higher rate of adverse cardiac events including death. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Statin Therapy in Patients with Diastolic Heart Failure
Authors: Tehrani Faramarz , Morrissey Ryan , Phan Anita , Chien Christopher , Schwarz Ernst R.
Published: February 2010

Background

There is controversy regarding the potential effects of statin therapy on mortality in patients with heart failure. The present study analyzed the possible effects of statin therapy on morbidity and mortality in patients with diastolic heart failure over long‐term follow‐up.

Hypothesis

To evaluate potential effect of statin therapy on hospitalization rate and mortality in patients with diastolic heart failure.

Methods

Patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (≥50%), hospitalized for clinical symptoms of heart failure were evaluated. Patients on statin therapy started at or prior to their first heart failure admission represented group 1 and patients without statin therapy represented group 2. The effects of statins on hospitalization rates and mortality were assessed during a 5 year follow‐up.

Results

A total of 270 patients (group 1 n = 81; group 2 n = 189) were followed over 5 years. Patients on statins demonstrated improved survival compared to patients without statin therapy (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45–0.95, P = .029). The survival benefit was maintained after adjusting for differences in baseline characteristics, comorbidities, and other medications. There was no significant difference in the mean cardiovascular hospitalization rate (3.0 ± 3.2 vs 3.8 ± 4.7, P = .23) and in overall hospitalization rate (7.1 ± 6.3 vs 7.8 ± 7.7, P = .52) between groups 1 and 2, respectively.

Conclusion

Statin therapy appears to be associated with improved survival in patients with diastolic heart failure. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Case of Brugada Syndrome Presenting With Incessant Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Shiue Harn‐Cherng , Divakaran Vijay G. , Lakkis Nasser M.
Published: February 2010

Brugada syndrome, an inherited arrhythmogenic cardiac disease, manifests with ST‐segment changes in the right precordial leads, right bundle block pattern, and susceptibility to ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden death. The only established therapy for this disease is prevention of sudden death by implantation of a defibrillator. Herein we describe a case of a patient who presented with incessant ventricular tachycardia (VT) and syncope and who had a type 1 Brugada pattern on ECG. The patient was successfully treated with quinidine, after which the classically described type 2 and 3 patterns emerged. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High‐dose radioimmunotherapy combined with extracorporeal depletion in a syngeneic rat tumor model
Authors: Mårtensson Linda , Nilsson Rune , Ohlsson Tomas , Sjögren Hans‐Olov , Strand Sven‐Erik , Tennvall Jan
Published: February 2010

BACKGROUND:

The aim of the current study was to investigate the possibility of increasing the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) of a tumor‐selective radiolabeled antibody when radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is combined with extracorporeal depletion of radioimmunoconjugates from the circulation. Furthermore, the authors evaluated whether this increase in dose improved the therapeutic effect on solid manifest tumors in an immunocompetent animal model.

METHODS:

Rats were injected with high activities/body weight of lutetium (177Lu)‐ or yttrium (90Y)‐labeled antibody conjugates (monoclonal antibody tetraazacyclododecanetetraacetic acid‐biotin) and subjected to removal of the conjugate from the circulation by extracorporeal affinity adsorption treatment 24 hours postinjection. Myelotoxicity was assessed by analysis of blood parameters for 12 weeks. The effect of increased doses in combination with extracorporeal affinity adsorption treatment was evaluated with respect to myelotoxicity and therapeutic effect in a syngeneic rat colon cancer model.

RESULTS:

The MTD of 177Lu‐ or 90Y‐labeled immunoconjugates could be increased 2.0× or 1.5×, respectively, when RIT was combined with extracorporeal affinity adsorption treatment. All animals treated with 177Lu‐ or 90Y‐labeled antibodies showed persistent complete response of manifest tumors (approximately 10 × 15 mm) within 16 days postinjection. However, several animals showed disseminated disease 1.5 to 3 months postinjection.

CONCLUSIONS:

Extracorporeal affinity adsorption treatment is a method that safely and efficiently reduces myelotoxicity associated with RIT. Extracorporeal affinity adsorption treatment allows increased administered activity without increased toxicity, with the aim of increasing the absorbed dose to the tumor. However, because tumor/normal tissue radiosensitivity ratios are more favorable in rodents, it is not possible to draw any conclusions concerning the therapeutic efficacy of increased administered activity in combination with extracorporeal affinity adsorption treatment in this study. Targeted RIT with β‐emitting radionuclides seems not to be effective in microscopic disease, because metastases developed at sites without previously known disease. Cancer 2010;116(4 suppl):1043–52. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Toxicity and efficacy of combined radioimmunotherapy and bevacizumab in a mouse model of medullary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Salaun Pierre‐Yves , Bodet‐Milin Caroline , Frampas Eric , Oudoux Aurore , Saï‐Maurel Catherine , Faivre‐Chauvet Alain , Barbet Jacques , Paris François , Kraeber‐Bodéré Françoise
Published: February 2010

BACKGROUND:

Significant antitumor effects were previously observed with radioimmunotherapy (RIT) using an anti‐carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody (F6) labeled with iodine‐131 in medullary thyroid cancer (MTC)‐bearing nude mice. Nevertheless, no complete response was achieved. Because angiogenesis is critical for tumor growth, bevacizumab is used to treat solid tumor in clinical practice. The present pilot study evaluated toxicity and efficacy of RIT combined with bevacizumab in mice subcutaneously grafted with TT MTC cells.

METHODS:

Groups of 4‐6 nude mice were treated with 5 μg/g bevacizumab twice weekly during 4 weeks and/or 100 MBq of 131I‐F6. For combined therapy, bevacizumab was given at Day 0 followed by 131I‐F6 at Day 30. The control group received no treatment. Animal weight, hematological toxicity, tumor volume, and serum calcitonin were monitored for 2 or 4 months.

RESULTS:

Bevacizumab alone induced no cytopenia and no significant weight loss. A weight loss of 12 ± 1% and 15 ± 2% was observed in mice treated by RIT alone or bevacizumab + RIT, respectively. RIT alone and combined treatment induced leukopenia and anemia. RIT alone and RIT plus bevacizumab induced tumor responses with minimum relative tumor volume of 0.38 ± 0.24 and 0.15 ± 0.07%, respectively, and time to progression of 35 ± 5 and 56 ± 11 days, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

Pretreatment with bevacizumab improved RIT efficacy, with similar toxicity as compared as RIT alone. Cancer 2010;116(4 suppl):1053–8. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Anti–prostate‐Specific membrane antigen‐based radioimmunotherapy for prostate cancer
Authors: Tagawa Scott T. , Beltran Himisha , Vallabhajosula Shankar , Goldsmith Stanley J. , Osborne Joseph , Matulich Dan , Petrillo Kristen , Parmar Sarojben , Nanus David M. , Bander Neil H.
Published: February 2010

Despite recent advances, advanced prostate cancer is suboptimally responsive to current chemotherapeutic agents. Radiolabeled monoclonal antibody therapy that targets prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) shows promise and is an area of active investigation. J591 is a deimmunized IgG monoclonal antibody developed to target the extracellular domain of PSMA. Preclinical and early phase clinical studies using radiolabeled J591 have demonstrated efficacy in targeting tumor cells and decreasing levels of prostate‐specific antigen. Radiolabeled J591 is well‐tolerated, nonimmunogenic, and can be administered in multiple doses. The dose‐limiting toxicity is reversible myelosuppression with little nonhematologic toxicity. Future studies will include approaches to optimize patient selection and incorporate novel strategies to improve the success of anti‐PSMA radioimmunotherapy. Cancer 2010;116(4 suppl):1075–83. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Pretargeted radioimmunoscintigraphy in patients with primary colorectal cancer using a bispecific anticarcinoembryonic antigen CEA X anti‐di‐diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid F(ab′)2 antibody
Authors: Aarts Frits , Boerman Otto C. , Sharkey Robert M. , Hendriks Thijs , Chang Chien‐Hsing , McBride William J. , Bleichrodt Robert P. , Oyen Wim J. G. , Goldenberg David M.
Published: February 2010

BACKGROUND:

Antibody‐based imaging agents are available commercially, but their success has been limited, mainly because of low contrast and the emergence of 2‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose‐positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) scanning. In pretargeting, administration of the radionuclide is separated from the antibody, thereby enhancing image contrast and allowing detection at earlier time points after injection.

METHODS:

The authors conducted an open‐label, single‐arm trial that assessed a pretargeting procedure in which an anticarcinoembryonic antigen x (anti‐CEA x) anti‐diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (anti‐DTPA)‐indum (In) antibody was used in combination with a 111In‐labeled di‐DTPA peptide for the diagnostic imaging of CEA‐expressing colorectal cancer. Three patients received the 111In peptide alone to investigate tumor targeting, organ distribution, and clearance of the peptide. Thereafter, 11 patients received the bispecific antibody (bsAb) (5 mg) to pretarget the tumor. After 3 to 5 days, patients were injected with 185 megabecquerels of 111In‐labeled peptide to assess the optimal interval for best image quality.

RESULTS:

Fourteen patients with primary colorectal cancer were enrolled. One of 3 patients who received 111In peptide alone had low‐level tumor uptake. In 9 of 11 other patients, tumors were observed. In 1 patient, FDG‐PET–positive lymph nodes were observed clearly with pretargeted immunoscintigraphy. Peptide pharmacokinetics revealed enhanced circulating levels of 111In‐labeled peptide in patients in the 3‐day interval cohort compared with the other cohorts. Tumor‐to‐background ratios ranged from 3.5 to 6.4 in the 3‐day interval group, from 5.1 to 14.2 in the 4‐day interval group, and from 3.5 to 3.9 in the 5‐day interval group. The best images were acquired with a 4‐day interval at 24 hours after injection of the radiolabeled peptide. Grade 1 adverse events were observed in 2 patients.

CONCLUSIONS:

Imaging of colorectal cancer using a 2‐step, pretargeting system produced the best imaging results 24 hours after peptide administration using a 4‐day interval between injection of the bsAb and the peptide. Cancer 2010;116(4 suppl):1111–7. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Pretargeted radioimmunotherapy in rapidly progressing, metastatic, medullary thyroid cancer
Authors: Kraeber‐Bodéré Françoise , Salaun Pierre‐Yves , Oudoux Aurore , Goldenberg David M. , Chatal Jean‐François , Barbet Jacques
Published: February 2010

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) patients with localized residual disease and/or distant metastases may survive for several years or rapidly progress and die of their disease. Thus, highly reliable prognostic factors are needed for an early distinction between high‐risk patients who need to be treated and low‐risk patients who warrant a watch‐and‐wait approach. Calcitonin doubling time is an independent predictor of survival, with a high predictive value in a population of patients who have not normalized their calcitonin, even after repeated surgery. Several imaging methods should be proposed for patients with abnormal residual calcitonin levels persisting after complete surgery: ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) for neck exploration, and CT for chest, abdomen, and pelvis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appears to have an advantage over CT for the detection of liver metastases from endocrine tumors. Moreover, MRI appears to be a sensitive imaging technique for detecting the spread of MTC to bone/bone marrow. 2‐Fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose positron emission tomography/CT could be used for staging patients with progressive MTC, with possible prognostication by standard uptake value quantification. For systemic treatment of patients with rapidly progressing metastatic MTC, chemotherapy is not considered a valid therapeutic option. It is too early to evaluate the potential effectiveness of multikinase inhibitors, although interesting results of phase 2 studies have shown a transient stabilization in 30% to 50% of patients. Pretargeted radioimmunotherapy has been the only innovative treatment modality convincingly showing some survival benefit when compared with a historical untreated control group. Cancer 2010;116(4 suppl):1118–25. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Processing of pictorial food stimuli in patients with eating disorders—A systematic review
Authors: Giel Katrin Elisabeth , Teufel Martin , Friederich Hans‐Christoph , Hautzinger Martin , Enck Paul , Zipfel Stephan
Published: February 2010

Objective:

The processing of food cues in eating‐disordered patients has recently been increasingly investigated. Outlined is current evidence from pictorial food stimuli studies.

Method:

PubMed and PsychINFO were searched for quantitative pictorial food stimuli studies investigating healthy controls and expert‐diagnosed eating‐disordered patients.

Results:

Patients with eating disorders (ED) demonstrated cue reactivity to food stimuli. Results from functional imaging suggest sensory disengagement and higher emotional involvement while self‐reported data and facial EMG revealed that food pictures were perceived as less pleasurable. Different experimental paradigms have demonstrated an attentional bias for food cues in ED. Currently, psychophysiological data is widely inconclusive.

Discussion:

Evidence suggests cue reactivity to food pictures in eating‐disordered patients. However, the overall picture is inconclusive because methodological problems and the integration of findings from different experimental approaches pose a challenge to the research field. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Percent body fat is a risk factor for relapse in anorexia nervosa: A replication study
Authors: Bodell Lindsay P. , Mayer Laurel E.S.
Published: February 2010

Objective:

We aimed to replicate and extend our previous findings of an association between percent body fat in recently weight‐restored patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and clinical outcome in the year following treatment.

Method:

Twenty‐two hospitalized, weight‐restored women with AN underwent whole body MRI to determine percent adipose tissue. Following hospital discharge, patients were contacted regularly, and at the end of the year, clinical outcome was determined using modified Morgan‐Russell (MR) criteria: full, good, fair or poor. Identical to our previous study, outcome was dichotomized into “full, good or fair” and “poor” groups.

Results:

Data from 21 subjects were available for analysis. Percent body fat was significantly lower in the poor outcome group (22% ±5%) compared to the “full, good or fair” outcome group (27 % ±4%)(p < 0.035). To further examine the relationship, we combined data from the current study with data from the 26 subjects on whom we had previously reported. Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated a significant difference in percent adipose tissue across the four MR outcome groups (F = 3.416, df = 3, p<0.03).

Discussion:

Lower percent adipose tissue after short‐term weight normalization is associated with poor clinical outcome in the year following inpatient treatment. These findings may be important in the assessment of risk for relapse in patients with AN. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A General Solvothermal Route to the Synthesis of CoTe, Ag2Te/Ag, and CdTe Nanostructures with Varied Morphologies
Authors: Jiang Ling , Zhu Ying‐Jie
Published: February 2010

A general and facile surfactant‐assisted solvothermal route was developed for the synthesis of CoTe, Ag2Te/Ag, and CdTe nanostructures using the corresponding metal salt,Na2TeO3, ascorbic acid, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) or cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in mixed solvents of ethanolamine and water. It was also found that the morphology of the product varied dramatically when using different surfactants such as PVP and CTAB. A formation mechanism of telluride nanostructures was proposed. The products were characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetry (TG), and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis.
Formation of Oxaphosphacarbenes by Reaction of [RuTpCl(PPh3)(thp)] with Terminal Alkynes and a Propargylic Alcohol (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 5/2010)
Authors: Bolaño Sandra , Bravo Jorge , Castro Jesús , Rodríguez‐Rocha Mar
Published: February 2010

The cover picture shows the structure of a five‐membered cyclic ruthenium oxaphosphacarbene complex [TpRuCl{κ2‐(C,P)=C(CH2R)OCH2P(CH2OH)2}] (R = p‐C6H4Me). Different neutral and cationic oxaphosphacarbene complexes were obtained by reaction of [TpRuCl(PPh3)(thp)] with terminal alkynes. The proposed mechanism implies vinylidene or allenylidene intermediates that undergo intramolecular nucleophilic addition to the α‐carbon atom by one of the hydroxymethyl groups of the thp ligand. Details are discussed in the article by S. Bolan˜o, J. Bravo et al. on p. 685 ff. We thank Dr. Carlos Silva for help in designing this picture.
Asymmetric Cyanosilylation of α‐Keto Esters Catalyzed by the [Ru(phgly)2(binap)]–C6H5OLi System
Authors: Kurono Nobuhito , Uemura Masato , Ohkuma Takeshi
Published: February 2010

The asymmetric reaction of α‐keto esters and (CH3)3SiCN, catalyzed by a combined system of [Ru{(S)‐phgly}2{(S)‐binap}] and C6H5OLi with a substrate‐to‐catalyst molar ratio (S/C) of 1000 at –60 °C, affords silylated cyanohydrins in up to 99 % ee. Cyanosilylation smoothly proceeds with an S/C of 10,000 at –50 °C. The use of Xyl‐Binap instead of Binap as a ligand provides better enantioselectivity in some cases. A series of aromatic, hetero‐aromatic, aliphatic, and α,β‐unsaturated keto esters are converted into the desired products.
Urbanization impacts upon catchment hydrology and gully development using mutli‐temporal digital elevation data analysis
Authors: Junior Osmar Carvalho , Guimaraes Renato , Freitas Leonardo , Gomes‐Loebmann Daniel , Gomes Roberto Arnaldo , Martins Eder , Montgomery David R.
Published: February 2010

Urbanization can change catchment hydrology, accelerating gully erosion and causing serious damage to urban structures like roads, bridges and buildings. Increased impervious surfaces lead to large, rapid increases in surface runoff in urban catchments during storm events, as well as changes in the upslope contributing area due to rerouting of urban runoff that can exacerbate erosion. Accounting for changes in surface drainage patterns Gama City, Brazil, is used to predict areas prone to accelerate gullying and develop a method of assessing the potential for gully erosion produced by urbanization. The method is based on the analysis and comparison of detailed digital elevation models (DEMs) of the natural condition before urbanization and the topography after urbanization. The study site is located in an area where changes in drainage patterns associated with rapid urbanization in the last 30 years have resulted in severe gullying. Our analysis identifies areas potentially susceptible to gullying and highlights the erosional influence of increased flow concentration caused by urban occupation, a finding that has implications and applications for strategies to prevent gully development in cities or areas undergoing urban expansion. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A modified static hedging method for continuous barrier options
Authors: Chung San‐Lin , Shih Pai‐Ta , Tsai Wei‐Che
Published: February 2010

This study modifies the static replication approach of Derman, E., Ergener, D., and Kani, I. (1995, DEK) to hedge continuous barrier options under the Black, F. and Scholes, M. (1973) model. In the DEK method, the value of the static replication portfolio, consisting of standard options with varying maturities, matches the zero value of the barrier option at n evenly spaced time points when the stock price equals the barrier. In contrast, our modified DEK method constructs a portfolio of standard options and binary options with varying maturities to match not only the zero value but also zero theta on the barrier. Our numerical results indicate that the modified DEK approach improves performance of static hedges significantly for an up‐and‐out call option under the BS model even if the bid–ask spreads are considered. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark
Event‐related potential and functional MRI measures of face‐selectivity are highly correlated: A simultaneous ERP‐fMRI investigation
Authors: Sadeh Boaz , Podlipsky Ilana , Zhdanov Andrey , Yovel Galit
Published: February 2010

A face‐selective neural signal is reliably found in humans with functional MRI and event‐related potential (ERP) measures, which provide complementary information about the spatial and temporal properties of the neural response. However, because most neuroimaging studies so far have studied ERP and fMRI face‐selective markers separately, the relationship between them is still unknown. Here we simultaneously recorded fMRI and ERP responses to faces and chairs to examine the correlations across subjects between the magnitudes of fMRI and ERP face‐selectivity measures. Findings show that the face‐selective responses in the temporal lobe (i.e., fusiform gyrus—FFA) and superior temporal sulcus (fSTS), but not the face‐selective response in the occipital cortex (OFA), were highly correlated with the face‐selective N170 component. In contrast, the OFA was correlated with earlier ERPs at about 110 ms after stimulus‐onset. Importantly, these correlations reveal a temporal dissociation between the face‐selective area in the occipital lobe and face‐selective areas in the temporal lobe. Despite the very different time‐scale of the fMRI and EEG signals, our data show that a correlation analysis across subjects may be informative with respect to the latency in which different brain regions process information. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
‘Play skills’ for shy children: development of a Social Skills Facilitated Play early intervention program for extremely inhibited preschoolers
Authors: Coplan Robert J. , Schneider Barry H. , Matheson Adrienne , Graham Allison
Published: February 2010

The aim of the present study was to develop and provide a preliminary evaluation of a social‐skills‐based early intervention program specifically designed to assist extremely inhibited preschoolers. Participants were a sample of n=22 extremely inhibited preschool‐aged children, who were randomly assigned to either the Social Skills Facilitated Play (SST) or Waitlist Control (WLC) condition. As compared to wait‐list controls, extremely inhibited children who participated in the SST‐facilitated play program sessions demonstrated a significantly greater post‐intervention decrease in observed socially wary behaviours and a significantly greater increase in social and socially competent behaviours at preschool. Results are discussed in terms of the importance of developing and refining early intervention programs for extremely inhibited young children. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Curcumin upregulates insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐5 (IGFBP‐5) and C/EBPα during oral cancer suppression
Authors: Chang Kuo‐Wei , Hung Pei‐Shih , Lin I‐Ying , Hou Chung‐Ping , Chen Li‐Kai , Tsai Yin‐Meng , Lin Shu‐Chun
Published: February 2010

Curcumin is a common food ingredient derived from the plant Curcuma longa and is a potent drug against tumorigenesis. Both insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐5 (IGFBP‐5) and CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α (C/EBPα) are suppressors of head and neck carcinogenesis. We identified curcumin as an inducer of IGFBP‐5 expression in multiple types of oral keratinocytes; furthermore, curcumin induces IGFBP‐5 promoter activity in SAS oral cancer cells. Promoter deletion mapping identified a region (nt −71 to nt −59 relative to the transcription start site) as containing a C/EBPα‐binding element that is indispensable for curcumin‐mediated IGFBP‐5 upregulation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that in vivo binding of C/EBPα to this region was remarkably increased in the presence of curcumin. Curcumin increased nuclear C/EBPα expression and IGFBP‐5 expression through p38 activation and this was abrogated by SB203580 treatment. Furthermore, MKK6 expression activated p38 and C/EBPα, increasing IGFBP‐5 promoter activity and expression. Finally, curcumin‐induced IGFBP‐5 expression is associated with the suppression of xenograft tumorigenesis in mice due to oral cancer cells. We conclude that curcumin activates p38, which, in turn, activates the C/EBPα transactivator by interacting with binding elements in the IGFBP‐5 promoter. The consequential upregulation of C/EBPα and IGFBP‐5 by curcumin is crucial to the suppression of oral carcinogenesis.
Intraepithelial p63‐dependent expression of distinct components of cell adhesion complexes in normal esophageal mucosa and squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Thépot Amélie , Hautefeuille Agnès , Cros Marie‐Pierre , Abedi‐Ardekani Behnoush , Pétré Aurélia , Damour Odile , Krutovskikh Vladimir , Hainaut Pierre
Published: February 2010

TP63 gene is a member of TP53 tumor suppressor gene family that encodes several protein isoforms involved in the process of epithelial stratification and in epithelial‐mesenchyme interactions. TP63 is amplified in a significant proportion of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (ESCC), resulting in the hyper‐expression of ΔNp63 as the major p63 isoform. To better understand the contribution of this high expression to tumorigenesis, we have analyzed the impact of intraepithelial p63 expression on the expression of cell adhesion complexes in normal esophagus and in ESCC cell lines. Cells expressing p63 showed an adhesion pattern characterized by lack of tight junctions and presence of adherens junctions. Cell differentiation was accompanied by a decrease in p63 and by a shift to adhesion patterns involving tight junctions. Silencing of p63 mRNA in ESCC cell lines resulted in a similar shift, characterized by increased expression of component of tight junctions, decreased cell‐to‐cell communication and downregulation of cell proliferation. These results indicate that ΔNp63 may contribute to esophageal squamous carcinogenesis by maintaining cell adhesion patterns compatible with cell proliferation.
The effect of a nanothickness coating on rough titanium substrate in the osteogenic properties of human bone cells
Authors: Moura Camilla C. G. , Souza Maria A. , Dechichi Paula , Zanetta‐Barbosa Darceny , Teixeira Cristina C. , Coelho Paulo G.
Published: February 2010

This study evaluated the effect of a bioactive ceramic coating, in the nanothickness range, onto a moderately rough surface on the osteogenic behavior of human bone cells. The cells were harvested from the mandibular mental region and were cultured over Ti‐6Al‐4V disks of different surfaces: as‐machined (M), alumina‐blasted/acid etched (AB/AE), and alumina‐blasted/acid‐etched + 300–500 nm thickness amorphous Ca‐ and P‐based coating obtained by ion beam‐assisted deposition (Nano). The culture was then evaluated regarding cell viability, adhesion, morphology, immunolocalization of osteopontin (OPN) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The results showed that the surface treatment did not interfere with cell viability. At 1 day, AB/AE and Nano showed higher adhesion than the M surface (p < 0.001). Higher adhesion was observed for the M than the Nano surface at 7 days (p < 0.005). The percentage of cells showing intracellular labeling for OPN at day 1 was significantly higher for the Nano compared to M surface (p < 0.03). The percentage of ALP intracellular labeling at 7 days was significantly higher for the AB/AE compared to the M surface (p < 0.0065); no differences were detected at 14 days. Our results suggest that the presence of a thin bioactive ceramic coating on a rough substrate did not favor the events related to in vitro osteogenesis. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
In vitro enzymatic biodegradation of adhesive resin in the hybrid layer
Authors: Zou Yuan , Jessop Julie L. P. , Armstrong Steven R.
Published: February 2010

Penetration of adhesives into the demineralized dentin surface and their subsequent conversion are critically important to longevity of the adhesive resin (AR)‐dentin bond. The durability of the resin‐dentin bond is investigated by monitoring the change of adhesive concentration within the hybrid layer (HL) of aged specimens using Raman spectroscopy. Absolute molar concentrations of Bis‐GMA and HEMA were measured across the HL of resin‐dentin specimens 24 h after photopolymerization and after 24‐week storage in one of three media: artificial saliva (SAL), SAL containing cholesterol esterase to attack resin (EST), and SAL containing bacterial collagenase to attack collagen (COL). No significant difference among these groups for both Bis‐GMA and HEMA molar concentrations at 24‐h storage was found; however, concentrations decreased from the AR to the middle of the HL. Concentrations remained unchanged at any resin‐dentin position after aging in SAL. In the HL, concentrations significantly decreased with aging in COL and tended to decrease in EST. While showing potential enzymatic biodegradative effects of endogenous matrix metalloproteinases and salivary esterases, this methodology may also prove to be a valuable assessment of new chemistries and future approaches to improve resin‐dentin bond performance. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Evaluation of commercial implants with nanoindentation defines future development needs for hydroxyapatite coatings
Authors: Gross Kārlis A. , Saber‐Samandari Saeed , Heemann Karina S.
Published: February 2010

The performance of biomedical implants relies on the ability to assess and refine the microstructure of biomaterials. Instrumented nanoindentation was applied to determine the mechanical properties of plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite‐coated implants from different commercial vendors. All biomedical devices contained both amorphous and crystalline phases. Nanoindentation of the amorphous phase revealed a hardness of 1.5 ± 0.3 GPa and an elastic modulus of 48 ± 6 GPa. The crystalline phase revealed a range in hardness of 3.0–7.7 GPa. The large range is attributed to the presence of porosity, surrounding amorphous areas, and hydroxyapatite (unmolten particle cores and recrystallized hydroxyapatite). A selection of the powder type (spray‐dried or sintered) leads to different mechanical properties within the coating. A spray‐dried powder provides a lower hardness and elastic modulus when unmolten particle cores are included in the coating. Meanwhile recrystallized areas are intermediate in hardness. The combination of a polished cross‐section and nanoindentation offers the ability to determine a range of quality control tests including hardness, elastic modulus, bond strength, fracture toughness, substrate and coating roughness, crystallinity, and coating thickness. Property maps determined from nanoindentation will provide a graphical representation of the mechanical property distribution within the coating and provide a basis for coating property refinements. The assessment of commercial coatings is used a basis for discussion of future developments for hydroxyapatite coatings. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010
Surface modification of titanium and titanium alloys by ion implantation
Authors: Rautray Tapash R. , Narayanan R. , Kwon Tae‐Yub , Kim Kyo‐Han
Published: February 2010

Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in biomedical devices and components, especially as hard tissue replacements as well as in cardiac and cardiovascular applications, because of their desirable properties, such as relatively low modulus, good fatigue strength, formability, machinability, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. However, titanium and its alloys cannot meet all of the clinical requirements. Therefore, to improve the biological, chemical, and mechanical properties, surface modification is often performed. In view of this, the current review casts new light on surface modification of titanium and titanium alloys by ion beam implantation. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 2010