bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of the principle of unity of judicial practice in Russian court proceedings
Authors:   The All-Russian State University of Justice (Russian Law Academy of the Ministry of Justice of Russia), Zimnikov M. D.
Published: January 2025

Recently, in law enforcement practice, one can increasingly frequently encounter court viewpoints contradicting the norms of substantive and procedural law, which gives rise to an objective necessity of studying and understanding the causes of this phenomenon, as well as developing ways to improve the level of justice in the Russian Federation. The author considers the principle of unity of judicial practice as one of the means, the use of which can neutralize the deviations of courts in the uniform interpretation and application of legal norms. This paper analyzes the key viewpoints existing in the procedural law doctrine, as well as the provisions of the current legislation and numerous judicial practice on the existence and consolidation of the principle of unity of judicial practice. The author gives his own definition of the principle of unity of judicial practice and distinguishes it from the concept of judicial practice uniformity, which acts as a tool for implementing the fundamental principle under consideration. The conducted study allowed concluding on the existence and general binding nature of the principle of unity of judicial practice. Summing up the results of the conducted study, the author substantiates the need for comprehensive legislative changes in order to improve the level of justice in the Russian Federation. In particular, the author proposes to establish directly and consolidate in certain norms of procedural legislation the generally binding nature of provisions contained in resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, resolutions of the Presidium of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, and decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. The introduction of such changes will allow improving the quality of Russian justice, ensuring to a greater extent the principles of the rule of law, equality and adversarial nature of the parties in legal proceedings, as well as increasing the level of stability, fairness, legal certainty and predictability of justice in the Russian Federation, and reducing the burden on higher judicial authorities.
Worldview issues in military pedagogical schools of Russia
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Asriev A. Yu. , Filimonov Yu. V. ,   Omsk Tank-Automotive Engineering Institute
Published: January 2025

The paper considers the features of the formation of the professional worldview of officers in military pedagogical schools from the mid-17th century to the present. The importance of the study is emphasized by the optimization of educational systems in military universities taking into account the requirements of the modern armed forces. The formation of personal qualities established by federal educational standards is not enough to form a set of views of an officer on his military-professional activity. The main idea of the study is to identify the worldview priority in the process of professional education in educational organizations of the Ministry of Defense. The authors analyzed the military-pedagogical approaches of Peter I, A.V. Suvorov, M.I. Dragomirov, as well as the concepts of Soviet and post-Soviet formation of the army as a whole. The problem-chronological method was used to compare the features of the historical reality of each period with the concept of professional education of an officer proposed by a representative of this period. The analysis of the content of the educational systems of each of the considered military pedagogical schools allowed the authors to single out the formation of the military servant’s worldview as part of an independent pedagogical tradition and the main focus of all military pedagogical systems. Maintaining the principle of the priority of the worldview formation over other educational goals, Russian military pedagogical schools in each historical period create their own value and ideological systems. Despite the cardinal historical changes and the diversity of views of representatives of certain military pedagogical schools in Russia, a line of historical continuity is traced. The results of the study allow talking about the necessity of optimizing the system of professional education of officers in the process of their training in military educational organizations in favor of the focused formation of a professional worldview.
Six Sigma and Continuous Improvement Strategies: A Comparative Analysis in Global Manufacturing Industries
Authors: Obiako Eberechukwu Chiamaka
Published: January 2025

In today's competitive global manufacturing landscape, quality improvement and operational efficiency are critical for companies aiming to sustain growth and remain agile. This paper provides a comparative analysis of Six Sigma and continuous improvement strategies, focusing on their methodologies, applications, and effectiveness within manufacturing industries worldwide. Six Sigma, developed by Motorola and widely adopted by firms like General Electric, emphasizes defect reduction through data-driven processes and statistical analysis. In contrast, continuous improvement encompasses various incremental improvement frameworks such as Kaizen, Lean Manufacturing, and Total Quality Management (TQM), which target waste reduction, process efficiency, and holistic quality enhancement.
This study examines both approaches in terms of implementation costs, organizational impact, and measurable outcomes, using real-world case studies from the automotive, electronics, and consumer goods sectors. The analysis reveals how Six Sigma's structured, project-based approach makes it suitable for complex, high-stakes production environments, while continuous improvement strategies promote a culture of daily efficiency and adaptability. Data insights illustrate the adoption trends and performance metrics associated with each method, highlighting their strengths, limitations, and areas where they intersect. Through a series of comparative tables and graphs, the paper quantifies key performance improvements—such as defect reduction rates, cost savings, and time efficiency—achieved by companies employing these strategies.
Ultimately, this paper provides practical insights for manufacturing leaders and quality managers, offering a guide to selecting, implementing, and potentially integrating these methodologies to optimize operational performance. The study also discusses emerging trends, including the integration of digital technologies like AI and automation, which are reshaping quality and process improvement in manufacturing.
Optimization of the Fuse Protection System of The BT Electrical Distribution Network in Likasi in Order to Reduce Electric Arcs And Expenses
Authors: Dieudonne Kabange Imbanga , Jacques Mwila Sompwe , Peguy Mututa Ilunga , Arsene Ilunga Mweze , Musawu Mr. Papy Kitengie
Published: January 2025

The study on the optimization of the fuse protection system of the BT electrical distribution network in Likasi has identified the main causes of the recurring electric arcs and the high expenses related to this system. The failures of the protection system are mainly due to a lack of coordination of the protections and a suboptimal selectivity of the installed fuses. This results in frequent power outages and significant maintenance costs for the network operator. To address this situation, technical and organizational solutions have been proposed. These include strengthening the coordination of the protections, optimizing the selectivity of the fuses and improving the preventive maintenance of the network. These improvements should significantly reduce the failures of the protection system, thus benefiting consumers in terms of the reliability of the electricity supply, and the operator in terms of controlling operating costs. Beyond these immediate solutions, the optimization of the fuse protection system is part of a continuous improvement perspective, particularly with the emergence of smart monitoring and control technologies. The progressive integration of more efficient protection devices, such as fast-acting fuses or electronic circuit breakers, will also help reduce the risks of electric arcs and optimize network maintenance. In the longer term, this optimization approach will have to adapt to the challenges of the local energy transition. In addition, an innovative solution was considered as part of this study: the recycling of zinc envelopes from used batteries for the manufacture of replacement fuses. This approach would not only reduce electric arcs, but also significantly reduce the costs associated with the purchase of new fuses. The dimensioning of these zinc fuses, based on the characteristics of the battery envelopes, would be an interesting avenue to explore to further optimize the protection system of the BT network in Likasi.
Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) Involvement in Advancing Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in Cameroon
Authors: Koba Fornyuy Nadege
Published: January 2025

The labour market has become dynamic and exigent, as it expects graduates to have quality skills before securing a profitable position. This has increased the unemployment rate among Technical and Vocational Education and Training graduates since TVET institutions are facing challenges in adequately preparing students according to labour market standards. This calls for the need for TVET institutions to redesign their systems and adopt new strategies that address the persistent changing needs of the labour market. Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) have become an efficient means for TVET institutes to deal with this situation. Therefore, based on Cameroon's TVET system, this paper explores the involvement of Public Private Partnerships in advancing TVET, focusing on their roles in linking TVET to the standards of the labour market and improving the quality, credibility and accessibility of TVET education. The paper also highlights the current state of TVET in Cameroon, bringing to light its challenges in bridging the skill gap between graduates and industries. The study further highlights the impact of the limited involvement of PPPs in Cameroon’s TVET system and the economy. It draws on global best practices of PPPs implication in TVET as recommendable actions to sustain Cameroon's TVET system. The results highlight how PPPs can revitalise Cameroon's TVET system to the needs of employers while supporting national development objectives. Through PPPs, Cameroon can establish and sustain a solid TVET system capable of driving innovation, equipping students with required skills, decreasing unemployment among graduates and advancing socio-economic development.
A Indicação Geográfica da farinha de Bragança: teoria e realidade de especificação de recursos na fronteira amazônica
Authors: Silva Stéphanie Oliveira da , Cruz Benedito Ely Valente da
Published: January 2025

A farinha de Bragança é um produto que conquistou a preferência dos consumidores e que adquiriu notoriedades estadual e nacional, ao longo dos anos, fatores que contribuíram para a concessão do seu registro de Indicação Geográfica (IG) no ano de 2021. A presente pesquisa objetiva analisar a indicação geográfica da farinha de Bragança e sua experiência de especificação de recursos. A metodologia se baseia em procedimentos técnicos e inclui pesquisas bibliográficas, documentais e de campo. No que concerne à implementação da IG Bragança, os resultados apontam grandes desafios, porque a maioria dos produtores não tem recursos financeiros para regularizar suas casas de farinha e apenas um produtor está utilizando o registro da IG, atualmente, contrastando com a realidade de mais de 12 mil estabelecimentos. Portanto, embora a IG contribua para a proteção do nome e para a agregação de valor ao produto, há importantes dificuldades a serem enfrentadas pelos produtores, pela Cooperativa Mista dos Agricultores Familiares e Extrativistas dos Caetés (COOMAC) e pelos governos municipal, estadual e federal.
Marcas de um “progresso” inadequado: desmatamento e a “cicatriz verde” na fronteira de intensificação de Novo Repartimento, Estado do Pará, entre 2000 e 2023
Authors: Farias Monique Helen Cravo Soares , Carvalho André Cutrim
Published: January 2025

Desde a década de 1960, a Amazônia Legal tem vivenciado um intenso e complexo processo de ocupação territorial em suas fronteiras. Impulsionado por estratégias, programas e projetos de desenvolvimento regional, esse processo se destacava pelo crescimento constante das relações econômicas com outras regiões do Brasil e por uma inserção internacional mais significativa na busca pelo “progresso” econômico. Em 2006, os maiores índices de desmatamento na Amazônia Legal foram observados no Estado do Pará, especialmente no município de Novo Repartimento. O presente artigo visa compreender, por meio de ferramentas de geoprocessamento, como a dinâmica do desmatamento em Novo Repartimento, no Sudeste do Pará, influenciou a formação e expansão de uma nova fronteira no período de 2000 a 2023: a “fronteira de intensificação”. A pesquisa revelou que a fronteira de intensificação é uma categoria-chave nesse processo, ampliada por políticas públicas, planejamento estratégico e investimentos inadequados do Estado brasileiro, o que resultou em uma série de “cicatrizes” na floresta. Como consequência desse “progresso” inadequado, ocorreram mudanças significativas na dinâmica populacional, econômica e ambiental da região, levando Novo Repartimento a um estado de grave retrocesso ambiental — situação que persiste até os dias de hoje, mesmo com a utilização de mecanismos de gestão ambiental.
Conhecimentos tradicionais e territorialidades dos pescadores artesanais no contexto dos empreendimentos hidroelétricos na fronteira da Amazônia amapaense
Authors: Marinho Vicka de Nazaré Magalhães , Silva Christian Nunes da , Rosa Adria de Melo
Published: January 2025

Os pescadores artesanais da Amazônia brasileira enfrentam diversos problemas socioeconômicos, ambientais e culturais no contexto atual, oriundos do avanço da hidroeletricidade sobre os rios da região. Na fronteira da Amazônia amapaense, tal realidade pode ser mais bem entendida, a partir dos pescadores residentes nos municípios de Ferreira Gomes e de Porto Grande, os quais realizam a pesca no Médio Araguari, em que o desenvolvimento de suas práticas é pautado por um conjunto diverso de conhecimentos tradicionais, que atualmente vem passando por sérias perturbações, relacionadas, entre outros fatores, ao comprometimento das territorialidades pesqueiras destes sujeitos. Assim, o interesse desta pesquisa é pelos conhecimentos tradicionais e, por conseguinte, pelas territorialidades da pesca desenvolvida por pescadores destes municípios, na conjuntura atual. Para tanto, procedeu-se à coleta de dados, através de observações in loco, de registros fotográficos, de entrevistas e de pesquisa bibliográfica. Os resultados ressaltam a importância dos conhecimentos e dos saberes tradicionais e as graves implicações da presença das hidroelétricas sobre a pesca e sobre as territorialidades dos pescadores no Médio Araguari, no Estado do Amapá.
Desafios socioambientais decorrentes da expansão da fronteira Amazônica no contexto do desmatamento regional
Authors: Francisco Francinelli de Angeli , Toledo Peter Mann de , Coelho Andréa dos Santos
Published: January 2025

No presente artigo, são exploradas as relações entre a dinâmica das fronteiras na Amazônia Legal brasileira em resposta ao processo de criação de municípios, os impactos do desmatamento ao longo do tempo e as suas relações com as mudanças climáticas e sustentabilidade, que agravam a fragilização socioeconômica e ambiental da região. A revisão bibliográfica nos permitiu refletir, analisar e interpretar os dados obtidos, confirmando os desafios crescentes enfrentados desde a década de 50 devido à urbanização desordenada, expansão das fronteiras agropecuárias e aumento do desmatamento. Sendo que, os munícipios criados após 1970 não apresentam diferença significativa de desempenho em comparação com aqueles mais antigos, conforme indicado pelo Barômetro da Sustentabilidade, e ainda se constata que todos os municípios da AL se encontram em níveis intermediários de Bem-Estar Humano e Ambiental. Nesse contexto as extensas alterações ecológicas causadas pelo desmatamento e seus impactos ambientais não são compensadas por um desempenho diferenciado das condições socioeconômicas.
Agricultura e capitalismo na Amazônia: contradições, crises e limites da expansão da fronteira agroindustrial no horizonte do século XXI
Authors: Costa Gilson da Silva , Farias Silvio Kanner Pereira , Silva Elineuza Alves da
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo trata das agriculturas na Amazônia - da fronteira agroindustrial à economia familiar camponesa - na disputa econômico-social-ecológica da Natureza. Discute-se as características do modelo hegemônico de agricultura, seus desdobramentos econômicos e ecológicos, as alterações geradas pelas intervenções nos ecossistemas desde um todo social-natural. Utiliza-se o método dialético-crítico, material-sistêmico, explorando quantitativamente importante literatura. Os resultados da pesquisa permitem apontar para a absorção, subsunção e dominância, quase completa, da agricultura pela indústria, sob uma sociedade aniquiladora, que amplia seu aniquilamento do centro à fronteira. O substitucinismo fagocitou e dissolveu o setor primário da economia e o assimilou profundamente, formando um mega setor chamado complexo agroindustrial sob o mando do capital. As agriculturas industrializadas, porém, envenenam e degradam solos, florestas, águas, biodiversidades, além de destruir povos e culturas. Não obstante, segue cada vez mais dominante e ascendente, definindo o sentido e a direção de desenvolvimento da fronteira agrícola na Amazônia, contribuindo para a carbonização da economia, destruição ecológica dos ecossistemas, acirramento dos conflitos sociais e ascensão das violências no campo.
As fronteiras em tensão: uma análise histórica dos territórios e conflitos na zona agrária da Amazônia paraense
Authors: Silva João Márcio Palheta da , Carvalho André Cutrim , Silva Christian Nunes da , Botelho Adielson Correia , Oliveira Neto Adolfo da Costa , Silva Marcos Nicolau Santos da
Published: January 2025

Desde o seu descobrimento, a Amazônia brasileira tem sido palco das mais profundas transformações territoriais, incluindo a expansão das suas fronteiras, que tem repercutido, mesmo nos dias atuais, na formação da sua estrutura agrária. O presente artigo tem como principal objetivo, desta forma, realizar um breve histórico da produção do espaço agrário na Amazônia brasileira, com ênfase na fronteira da Amazônia paraense, explorando as territorialidades e os conflitos que surgiram a partir da segunda metade do século XX. Isso inclui o surgimento de novos atores sociais envolvidos nas disputas territoriais com os antigos atores pelo uso do território. Do ponto de vista metodológico trata-se de uma análise de natureza exploratória e qualitativa, fundamentada em fonte secundária e em literatura específica. Portanto, a identificação da multiplicidade de conflitos, atores e sujeitos, indica que a fronteira continua sendo palco de disputa de múltiplos projetos territoriais, que, muito mais que modelos de desenvolvimento, representam propriamente paradigmas societários que concorrem, fazendo da Amazônia brasileira (e a Amazônia paraense) o centro de interesse mundial por um projeto de humanidade.
In silico Identification of Putative Novel Therapeutic Targets in Xanthomonas campestris Pv. Campestris to Combat Black Rot Disease in Brassica oleracea
Authors: Sarkar Pritam Dey , Lahkar Rimpa , Haloi Akshay Kumar
Published: January 2025

Background: Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, the plant pathogenic bacteria causing black rot is a threat in the agriculture of Brassica oleracea crops. It is one of the most economically concerning diseases in the agriculture of cabbages. Effective compete solutions to combat the disease are still lacking. Methods: In the quest to find an effective solution to combat the disease, an in silico, subtractive genomic and proteomic approach was adopted. Various bioinformatics tools, online databases and servers were used in this study to find the best therapeutic targets in the proteome of the bacteria. Result: Seven novel targets were filtered out of six hundred and three essential proteins by multi-step subtractive proteomic approaches. Homology and uniqueness were duly checked to prevent any adverse effects in the host plant while using any inhibitory molecule against these seven targets.
Growth Characterization of Mycotoxigenic Molds Isolated from Bread Flour Consumed in Algeria
Authors: AISSAOUI Abdallah , ZIANE Mohammed , MISSOUM Mansour , BOUAMRA M. , BENABDERRAHMANE K.
Published: January 2025

Background: Cereals, including soft wheat, are widely consumed in Algeria because of the high demand for bread. Given the low water availability in baking flour, molds are most likely to grow and some are toxigenic, which may affect the quality of this product. The objective of this work was to determine and evaluate the fungal flora of bakery flour as well as to highlight its mycotoxigenic power and growth ability. Methods: A total of 241 samples were collected from different places in the western Algerian region. The enumeration was carried out according to Algerian standard regulation. The obtained fungi were identified basing on microscopic identification. After identification the Aspergillus and Penicillium genera were tested for the mycotoxins production on Y.E.S medium following by TLC revelation. As for the growth study, the growth was tested on PDA medium than adjusted by Barany’s model. Result: Mold enumeration revealed an overall contamination rate of 97.93% with concentrations (cfu/g) ranging from 1 to 15 log cfu/g. The identification of fungal genera revealed the presence of eleven genera of molds, namely, Penicillium sp. (69.29%), Cladosporium sp. (56.85%), Microsporum sp. (51.04%), Aspergillus sp. (34.85%), Auerobasidium sp. (24.07%), Exopiala sp. (21.58%), Mucor sp. (17.43%), Trichothecium sp. (9.13%), Trichoderma sp. (8.71%), Streptomyces sp. (2.07%) and Trichosporon sp. (0.41%). Only the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium showed a mycotoxins production reveal by the TLC method on YES media. The simulation of growth during storage at the bakery showed a remarkable increase that exceeded the threshold (4 log) for each genus and a significant increase (P less than 0.001). These results are of great industrial interest for improving the quality and reducing the risk linked to the consumption of the product.
Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Moulage Authenticity Rating Scale and Proposed Adaptations
Authors: Fourie Cecile , Botma Yvonne , Botha Benjamin S.
Published: January 2025

Background and Purpose:Moulage plays an important part in enhancing simulation-based learning experience fidelity; however, limited tools exist to measure the fidelity of moulage. The original Moulage Authenticity Rating Scale (MARS) is a possible tool to determine moulage’s physical and conceptual fidelity in simulation. Although the MARS was proven reliable and valid in the original context, the authors sought to validate it in South Africa.Methods:Eighty-five third-year undergraduate nursing students at a higher education institution in South Africa completed the MARS after a burn simulation. The Cronbach’s coefficient α (alpha) coefficient and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were calculated.Results:The Cronbach’s coefficient α (alpha = .87) suggests the MARS is reliable. However, the EFA did not confirm the construct validity of the MARS.Conclusion:The MARS needs to be adapted to measure all types of fidelity, which can in turn be used to determine whether moulage is authentic enough to improve students’ learning experience; however, further research is required to determine the validity of the suggested MARS included in this article.
Time ‎‎truncated double acceptance sampling plan for the Nadarajah-Haghighi distribution
Authors: Naghizadeh Qomi Mehran , Al-Husseini Zainalabideen , Dey Sanku
Published: January 2025

In this article, we design a double acceptance sampling plan for the Nadarajah-Haghighi (NH) distribution when the lifetime is truncated. The minimum sample sizes necessary to ensure a certain mean lifetime for selected acceptance numbers and consumer's confidence levels are obtained. The operating characteristic function and the associated producer's risks are studied. We also analyze the minimum ratios of the mean life to the specified life. Real data and simulated examples are provided to illustrate the results of the paper.
Distance k-domination and k-resolving domination of the corona product of graphs
Authors: Retnowardani Dwi Agustin , Susilowati Liliek , Dafik  , Dliou Kamal
Published: January 2025

For two simple graphs $G$ and $H$, the corona product of $G$ and $H$ is the graph obtained by adding a copy of $H$ for every vertex of $G$ and joining each vertex of $G$ to its corresponding copy of $H$. For $k \geq 1$, a set of vertices $D$ in a graph $G$ is a distance $k$-dominating set if any vertex in $G$ is at a distance less or equal to $k$ from some vertex in $D$. The minimum cardinality overall distance $k$-dominating sets of $G$ is the distance $k$-domination number, denoted by $\gamma_k(G)$. The metric dimension of a graph is the smallest number of vertices required to distinguish all other vertices based on distances uniquely. The distance $k$-resolving domination in graphs combines distance $k$-domination and the metric dimension of graphs. In this paper, we investigate for all $k\geq 1$, the distance $k$-domination and the distance $k$-resolving domination in the corona product of graphs. First, we show that for $k\geq 2$ the distance $k$-domination number of $G\odot H$ is equal to $\gamma_{k-1}(G)$ for any two graphs $G$ and $H$. Then, we give the exact value of $\gamma_{k}(G\odot H)$ when $G$ is a complete graph, complete $m$-partite graph, path and cycle. We also provide general bounds for $\gamma_{k}(G\odot H)$. Then, we examine the distance $k$-resolving domination number for $G\odot H$. For $k=1$, we give bounds for $\gamma^r(G\odot H)$ the resolving domination number of $G\odot H$ and characterize the graphs achieving those bounds. Later, for $k\geq 2$, we establish bounds for $\gamma^r_k(G\odot H)$ the distance $k$-resolving domination number of $G\odot H$ and characterize the graphs achieving these bounds.
Sentiment Analysis in the Transformative Era of Machine Learning: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Ferdous Sayeda Muntaha , Newaz Syed Nur E , Mugdha Shafayat Bin Shabbir , Uddin Mahtab
Published: January 2025

Sentiment analysis, which stands for opinion mining, is a natural language processing (NLP) technique that involves identifying, extracting, and analyzing sentiments or opinions expressed in text data. The primary goal of sentiment analysis is to determine the sentiment polarity of a given piece of text, whether it is positive, negative, or neutral. This analysis can be applied to various types of content, such as product reviews, social media posts, customer feedback, and news articles. Sentiment analysis algorithms use machine learning and text classification to understand subjective information conveyed in text, helping businesses, organizations, and individuals gain insight into public opinions and emotions about specific topics, products, or services. In this study, we conducted sentiment analysis on a Bengali dataset. For feature extraction, we implemented the term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) technique, and for feature selection, we applied an extra tree classifier approach. Subsequently, we trained our machine learning model, achieving an impressive accuracy rate of 92%.
A New Generalization of the Inverted Gompertz Distribution with Different Methods of Estimation and Applications
Authors: Alsaggaf Ibtesam , Aloufi Sara F.
Published: January 2025

Designing appropriate models for analyzing data in various fields is essential as it helps professionals comprehend complex data patterns and their characteristics, leading to informed decision-making. Despite the diversity of probability distribution, the data may not conform to classical distributions in many instances. Consequently, there arises a need for a new distribution that can accommodate the intricacies of diverse data forms and enhance the goodness of fit. This article introduces a novel extended lifetime model called the new exponential exponentiated generalized inverted Gompertz based on the new exponential-X family of distributions. The article discusses some statistical properties associated with the proposed distribution. The parameters of the new distribution are estimated using multiple estimation techniques, and their performance is compared through Monte Carlo simulations. The demonstrated potential and effectiveness of the proposed distribution are exemplified by its application to three datasets within various fields.
An Extended Discrete Model for Actuarial Data and Value at Risk Analysis: Properties, Applications and Risk Analysis under Financial Automobile Claims Data
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed , Butt Nadeem Shafique , Al-Nefaie Abdullah H. , Hamedani G. G. , Yousof Haitham M. , Mahmoud Aya Shehata
Published: January 2025

This paper deals with a new discrete distribution with high flexibility. We have studied many of its mathematical and statistical properties, and we have neglected many other properties due to the narrow scope of the paper.Additionally, we have presented a comprehensive analysis of actuarial risks. A good set of actuarial risk indicators that are used in financial analysis and measurement and evaluation of financial risks. Five discrete data sets have been relied upon in conducting the financial analysis and risk assessment. Necessary comments have been provided on the results of the paper, and a set of necessary recommendations are provided for insurance companies to avoid the occurrence of unexpected large losses. All these financial analyses have been conducted in light of a discrete probability distribution.
Detecting lung diseases from X-Ray images using deep learning
Authors: Nguyen Bao , Vo H. Anh
Published: January 2025

Lung disease has become one of the most dangerous diseases worldwide after the Covid-19 pandemic. Early diagnosis of lung disease is vital for effective treatment and recovery. In clinical practice, X-ray imaging is currently the most widely used method for diagnosis, and it plays a crucial role as a life-saving factor for individuals suffering from the disease. In recent years, many deep learning approaches have been proposed for the early diagnosis of lung diseases from X-ray images. These approaches have shown high accuracy in predicting the results within a short time. This paper aims to compare different state-of-the-art deep learning models for the task of lung-disease diagnosis. Additionally, we have collected a new dataset of lung disease X-ray images from hospitals in Vietnam to evaluate the performance of each model based on validation loss and validation accuracy. The results show that our proposed deep learning model achieves an accuracy of 98.35% (training) and 86.65% (validation) on the new ChestVN lung disease dataset, which promises to be a good method for applying in daily life. The proposed approach has the potential to assist medical professionals in the early diagnosis of lung diseases, which can lead to better patient outcomes and improved healthcare management.
Magnetic Resonance Image Restoration by Utilizing Fractional-Order Total Variation and Recursive Filtering
Authors: Wei Nana , Xue Wei , Gu Xiaolei , Qi Xuan
Published: January 2025

Total variation-based methods are effective for magnetic resonance image restoration. To eliminate impulse noise, the l_0-norm total variation model is a proven approach. However, traditional total variation image restoration often results in staircase artifacts, especially at high noise levels. In this paper, we propose an innovative magnetic resonance image restoration model that integrates fractional-order regularization and filtering techniques. Specifically, the first term uses the l_0-norm as the data fidelity term to effectively remove impulse noise. The second term introduces a fractional-order total variation regularizer, which preserves structural information while reducing staircase artifacts during deblurring. Due to its limitations in texture detail recovery, we employ recursive filtering for high-quality edge-preserving filtering. Finally, we solve the optimization model using the alternating direction method of multipliers. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in restoring magnetic resonance images.
Les mangroves des rias du littoral gabonais. Essai de cartographie typologique
Authors: Lebigre Jean-Michel
Published: January 2025

Le littoral septentrional du Gabon repose sur les sols crétacés du bassin sédimentaire côtier gabonais. Aux trois grandes rias qui entaillent la côte (estuaires du Gabon, de la Mondah et du Muni) correspondent trois séries de mangroves couvrant une superficie totale de 125 000 hectares.Les photographies aériennes infrarouges ont permis de mettre en évidence les principaux groupes écologiques sur lesquels repose la notion traditionnelle de zonation floristique, ainsi que les principaux facteurs liés à la dynamique fluviomarine tels que les fronts de mangrove ou les criques. Un des facteurs les plus inattendus est la présence de « taches » dans le contexte de ce climat équatorial (pluviométrie de 3000 mm).L'étude met en avant le concept de zonation générale, en tenant compte de l'existence de grandes zones à l'intérieur de chaque série de mangrove. Cette description est illustrée par une cartographie abondante. L'existence (apparemment non mentionnée ailleurs) de « structures circulaires de végétation » au sein des mangroves du Modah pose le problème de la dynamique floristique et pédologique des mangroves.L'étude souligne les dissemblances morphologiques et floristiques entre ces différentes séries, et les met en relation avec les variations des apports d'eau douce d'origine continentale.
Tipicidade e qualidade de voz
Authors: Passetti Renata Regina , Madureira Sandra , Brescancini Cláudia Regina , Arantes Pablo
Published: January 2025

Exames fonético-forenses pautados no arcabouço bayesiano avaliam a força probatória da evidência pela razão entre o grau de similaridade e o grau de tipicidade das amostras de fala comparadas. A tipicidade diz sobre o grau de raridade de um evento linguístico e para calculá-la é preciso ter acesso a dados de fala que sejam representativos da população relevante da qual se supõe que o criminoso e os suspeitos pertençam. Concomitante à promoção de esforços para a elaboração e/ou seleção desses bancos de dados, é preciso também discutir aspectos metodológicos que permitam a representação e seleção das características sociais e linguísticas em análise. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar e discutir critérios sociolinguísticos, fonéticos e associados à voz para a composição de bancos de fala e/ou para a constituição de amostras extraídas de bancos de fala para a análise de tipicidade em correlatos acústicos e auditivos da qualidade de voz. O enfoque neste elemento prosódico justifica-se pela sua natureza indexical, pela sua relevância prática no cenário fonético-forense e pelo caráter de especificidade desejável à elaboração de populações relevantes.
Unravelling the influence of cluster thinning on wine quality: a narrative systematic review
Authors: Marbach Cassie , Hall Charlie , Botezatu Andreea
Published: January 2025

This review examines the impact of cluster thinning (CT) on wine quality. CT is a vineyard management technique intended to enhance the sensory attributes of wine, such as aroma and flavour. We employed a narrative approach, synthesising findings from various studies without the use of statistical meta-analysis. This method allowed us to capture a broad spectrum of insights and draw practical conclusions for winemakers. Our review spans different grape varieties and climates. The studies reviewed include CT interventions at various growth stages—flowering, fruit set, veraison, and post-veraison—with varying levels of thinning severity. Methods range from manual thinning to mechanical approaches, with comparisons made to control groups that did not undergo CT. Our primary focus was on sensory analysis, wine phenolic composition volatile compound composition, and overall quality assessments. We paid particular attention to sensory descriptors related to aroma and flavour profiles, evaluating quality and preference scores. This review consolidates existing research to provide a comprehensive understanding of CT's role in viticulture. It offers practical guidance for optimising CT practices to improve wine quality and identifies areas where further research is needed. By integrating diverse findings, this review contributes valuable insights for winemakers aiming to enhance their vineyard management techniques.
Assessing soil fertility index under different forest land cover
Authors: Dewi Widyatmani Sih , Purwanto Purwanto , Anisa Siti Solikhatun , Hartati Sri
Published: January 2025

Soil fertility is often evaluated under various forest land cover types to determine the capacity of each area to support plant productivity. Therefore, this study aimed to (1) assess the current soil fertility status of six land cover types in the Alas Bromo educational forest of Universitas Sebelas Maret using the Soil Fertility Index method and (2) identify the factors influencing the status. The six different land cover types investigated in this descriptive-exploratory study using a survey method included (1) pine, (2) pine-mahogany, (3) mahogany, (4) mixed trees, (5) annual crops, and (6) pine replanting, with four repetitions. Furthermore, the composite soil sample represented each repetitive area, and the assessment results showed that the soil fertility status was categorized as low to moderate. The categorization order was mahogany>mixed trees>pine replanting>annual crops>pine>pine-mahogany which had fertility indices of 0.57, 0.56, 0.53, 0.51, 0.49, and 0.45, respectively. Soil fertility determinants across the six land cover types comprised litterfall, breast height diameter, and tree density. Future investigations should evaluate the relationship between litter quality, soil biota, and decomposition rate with fertility to identify the appropriate strategy for fertility enhancement on each land cover.
The concept of bio-economic mulching in droughty tropical agroecosystems and its trans-season effects on soil hydro-thermal regime and okra performance
Authors: Okorie Benedict Odinaka , Obi Justina O. , Chioke Geraldine U. , Obalum Sunday E. , Onah Chinaza J. , Nnadi Adaobi L. , Igwe Charles A. , Obi Martin E.
Published: January 2025

Mulching is an effective soil-water conservation technique in high-evaporative-demand tropical climates. Because of the drawbacks in bulk application of organic mulches, we introduce the concept of bio-economic mulching (BEM), a one-time low-rate application of organic mulch to improve soil productivity while sustaining economic viability. The study evaluated the effects of BEM (dry-grass mulching at 0, 2, 4, and 6 t ha–1) on soil hydrothermal properties of sandy-loam Ultisols using okra growth during 4–9 weeks after sowing in successive rainy-to-dry/partially rainfed season (PRS) and rainy/completely rainfed season (CRS). During the PRS, soil volumetric moisture content (q) increased (10.02%–25.50%), but soil temperature decreased (37.67–26.67°C) as BEM rate increased. A similar q trend (8.71%–18.37%) occurred during the CRS. Soil thermal conductivity (0.78to 4.88 W m–1 K–1), thermal diffusivity (3.95 × 10–7 to 35.97 × 10–7 m2 s–1), and heat flux (15.00 to 85.56 W m–2) generally decreased as q increased with BEM application rate particularly during the PRS; the reverse prevailed for volumetric heat capacity (1.33 × 106 to 2.25 × 106 J m–3 K–1). Okra plant height differed (BEM-6 > BEM-4 > BEM-2/BEM-0) in the PRS, but BEM-6 and BEM-4 gave the tallest and shortest plants, respectively in the CRS. Fruit yield was 1.8- and 9.5-fold higher in BEM-6 than BEM-4 in PRS and CRS, respectively. Mulch treatment-induced temporal variations in soil q influenced okra performance indices of plant height (r2 = 0.85) and total fresh fruit yield (r2 = 0.69). In droughty tropical environments, BEM implementation at 6 t ha−1 could engender soil hydrothermal regime favoring vegetable production beyond the ‘drier’ first season and even more pronouncedly in the second season.
Utilization of cattle manure and potassium fertilizer on soil potassium availability and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) in rainfed rice
Authors: Al Viandari Nourma , Harsanti Elisabeth Srihayu , Supraptomo Edi , Wihardjaka Anicetus
Published: January 2025

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp), a botanical protein source, exhibits resilience in the face of drought-induced stress on rainfed rice fields, especially in dry season crop patterns. Cowpea growth depends on the availability of nutrients in the soil, including potassium (K). In fact, low K availability (exchangeable K is ≤ 0.04 cmol(+) kg-1) is one of the obstacles in rainfed rice fields, especially in increasing crop yields, including cowpea. Therefore, K supplies from various sources are needed to improve soil and cowpea productivity, such as K fertilizer and manure. This study was carried out to determine the response of nutrient management to increase cowpeas’ yield and exchangeable potassium on rainfed rice fields. The field experiment used a randomized block design, with six replications and six fertilizer management treatments, specifically to control composted cattle manure (CCM), Nitrogen Phosphate Fertilizer (NP), CCM+NP, NPK Fertilizer, and CCM+NPK. The parameters observed include plant height, yield components, seed yield, and exchangeable K. Fertilizer management affects the cowpea yield, yield components, K-Uptake, and exchangeable potassium, with the best treatment depicted as CCM+NPK treatment. Compared to the control, CCM by itself and in combination with inorganic fertilizer increases the kernel yield of cowpea by as much as 54-104%, K uptake as much as 40.9-68.2 kg K/ha, and exchangeable K in soil ranging from 37.8-101.3%. It is indicated that the CCM could supply nutrients, including potassium, to overcome potassium deficiency in rainfed rice fields. Furthermore, applying CCM and cultivating cowpeas in rainfed rice fields during the dry season, with water as a limiting factor, is an appropriate option to enlarge the plant yield.
Preserving soil properties and enhancing cauliflower yield with black plastic mulch in Bangladesh
Authors: Mitu Farhana Akter , Ashraful Mohammad , Kader Mohammad Abdul , Talukder Fakhar Uddin , Akter Tahmina , Akter Nargis , Karim Jahidul , Soothar Rajesh Kumar , Singha Ashutus
Published: January 2025

Poor soil health and inefficient farming practices significantly challenge sustainable agriculture and crop productivity in Bangladesh. This study evaluated the impact of various mulching techniques on soil properties, cauliflower yield, and carbon sequestration in Bangladesh to identify the optimal mulching strategy for sustainable cauliflower production and carbon sequestration. A field experiment in the Bogura district evaluated the effects of various mulching materials—newspaper, rice husk, rice straw, black plastic, craft paper, and no mulch—on soil physicochemical properties and cauliflower production. Data measurement and monitoring assessed soil properties, mulch degradation rates, and cauliflower quality, with organic carbon determined using Walkley and Black's method. Results showed significant impacts of mulching on soil parameters and cauliflower yield. Black plastic mulch increased soil temperature by approximately 6°C and conserved soil moisture by 13.2% compared to the no-mulch (control). Organic mulches, especially rice husk, were superior in conserving soil carbon (21.3 g Kg-1) and increasing available nitrogen (22.4 mg Kg-1), phosphorus (36.5 mg Kg-1), and soil pH (7.4). Although all treatments increased electrical conductivity (EC), the control showed the highest EC value (405.5 µS cm -1). Among organic mulches, craft paper had the highest degradation rate followed by newspaper and rice straw mulches. Cauliflower yield varied with mulch type, with black plastic producing the highest yield (1162.0 g), followed by rice straw (1050.0 g), rice husk (983.0 g), craft paper (821.0 g), and newspaper (752.0 g). These findings suggested black plastic mulch for maximizing cauliflower production in Bangladesh and similar conditions.
VISUALIZATION AND MAPPING OF HOUSEHOLD HOUSING CONDITIONS IN WEST JAVA USING MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCALING
Authors: Hafsah Siti , Rifda Nida’ul Labibah  , Anwar Fitrianto  , Erfiani  , L.M.  Risman Dwi Jumansyah
Published: January 2025

This study aims to map household housing conditions in West Java using the Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) approach. West Java, as the most populous province in Indonesia, faces significant challenges regarding housing inequalities, infrastructure access, and socio-economic disparities between urban and rural areas. These disparities necessitate a comprehensive and systematic approach to identify vulnerable regions and inform targeted policy interventions. Using data from the 2023 National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas), this study analyzes five main groups of variables: basic needs, housing facilities and ownership, socio-economic status, access to services and infrastructure, and household demographics and welfare. The Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) technique is employed due to its capability to reduce complex, high-dimensional data into a two-dimensional representation, allowing clearer visualization of regional disparities and interrelationships among variables. MDS also facilitates robust model evaluation, ensuring high-quality mapping results. The MDS results reveal significant variations in household conditions, with urban areas such as Bekasi and Depok City showing better infrastructure access and welfare outcomes compared to rural areas like Cirebon and Sukabumi District. Evaluation of the MDS model indicates excellent performance, with STRESS values ranging from 0.042 to 0.083 and RSQ values between 0.993 and 0.999, demonstrating high accuracy. This study addresses a research gap where few studies have comprehensively mapped housing inequalities in large, diverse regions like West Java using advanced multidimensional techniques. The findings emphasize the importance of policies focusing on infrastructure development and equitable distribution of social assistance in underdeveloped regions to reduce regional disparities.
DETERMINANTS ANALYSIS OF STUNTING PREVALENCE AMONG TODDLERS IN CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE IN 2022
Authors: Prayogi Dicki , Rini Rahani
Published: January 2025

Stunting is a chronic malnutrition condition that results in toddlers being too short for their age. The World Bank (2020) reported that 54 percent of Indonesia's workforce comprises stunting survivors. This can pose a serious threat to the achievement of the ‘Indonesia Emas 2045’ vision. Central Java had the highest prevalence of stunting among toddlers in Java Island in 2022 (20.8 percent), exceeding the WHO threshold (20 percent). This study aims to provide a general overview of the prevalence of stunting among toddlers and to identify the variables influencing it. The data used are secondary data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, Statistics Indonesia (BPS), and the Health Office of Central Java, and were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that the variables of water and food management, food expenditure, and consumption of iron tablets have a significant negative effect on the prevalence of stunting among toddlers, while the percentage of teenage pregnancies and the percentage of toddlers with helminth infections have a significant positive effect on the prevalence of stunting among toddlers.