bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenging antibiotic stewardship: antibiotic use in the management of acute pancreatitis without waiting for a CT scan or CRP marker
Authors: Rubyisha Sheikh  , Zain Ul Abideen  , Hassan Waseem
Published: October 2024

Madam,
Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammation of the pancreas presenting as severe abdominal pain and elevated pancreatic enzymes. The global burden of Acute pancreatitis has increased by 3.07% per year, for the last 56 years.1 Gallstones, chronic alcohol, and hypertriglyceridemia are the main risk factors involved in the pathogenesis of Acute pancreatitis worldwide.2 However, in Pakistan gall stones impacting the common bile duct and hypertriglyceridemia are the main culprits.
There has been an extensive debate regarding the use of prophylactic antibiotics and the outcome of acute pancreatitis. The cumulative evidence suggests that the prompt use of antibiotics, before obtaining serum markers, is not associated with a significant decrease in secondary pancreatic infection.3
Multiple studies have shown that the use of antibiotics, deviating from the recent guidelines, boosts antibiotic resistance and the risk of invasive fungal infections.  A 2020 study conducted by Soulountsi has also rendered this practice unjustified.4
In studies supporting the use of prophylactic antibiotics in improving outcomes, the quality of evidence is low suggesting that the approach should be more tailored to individual patient conditions while adhering to the guidelines. Despite the sterile nature of the early stages of acute pancreatitis, some clinicians continue to opt for prophylactic use, however, it is strictly against the international consensus. Unfortunately, in Pakistan, there is a common practice of using antibiotics in acute pancreatitis within 72hrs, without waiting for the CT scan results and inflammatory markers screening.
Antimicrobial resistance is an anticipated outcome of such practice. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics is already very high.5 Not weighing the risk-benefit ratio will not only contribute to increasing resistance but also predispose to avoidable and potentially fatal fungal infections. The appropriate approach to management of Acute pancreatitis should be based on a thorough knowledge of recent guidelines, carrying out proper investigations, and making an individualized plan for the patient based on clinical findings. This will not only minimize the burden of complications but also provide more room for improvements in the management of acute pancreatitis.
Breaking down barriers; unravelling the root causes and effects of brain drain in Pakistan
Authors: Sarwar Mahwish , Syeda Laiba Fahim  , Naveen Murad Khatoon
Published: October 2024

Respected Editor,
The term ‘brain drain’ refers to the migration of highly skilled and educated professionals from one country to another in search of better employment and living conditions. Brain drain has a detrimental impact on developing nations, leaving a counterproductive outcome due to the depletion of skilled human resources. According to the Pakistan Overseas Employment Corporation, around 21,000 professionals have migrated to other countries in the last 15 years.1
Brain drain has a pervasive effect across various domains, with healthcare being primarily one of the greatly affected. The most prevalent reason is the insufficient stipends and substandard workplace settings for professionals. Doctors work tirelessly yet are forced to face the injustice of the system, incidents of violence, and exploitation at the hands of their superiors. Most doctors (83%) agreed that meager salary packages and inequitable overtime duties motivated them to move abroad.2 Political instability in Pakistan has also affected the resettlement of healthcare individuals nationwide. Up to 81% of doctors are compelled to leave the country due to constant political turmoil.3 Blatant misogyny and cultural bounds have deterred women from working, contradicting the high female enrollment in medical colleges of Pakistan.
Moreover, because of the brain drain, Pakistan is losing an insurmountable intellectual capital and educational investment, resulting in enormous pressure on the healthcare professionals who stay behind, contributing to the collapse of the already vulnerable system. Usually, the emigrants are of the privileged class which creates disparity because the ones left behind end up facing impecunious conditions and unfair working hours.
The migration rate of healthcare professionals in Pakistan is increasing progressively. The United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia are four high-income countries where 56% of international medical graduates (IMGs) emigrate from low-income countries to have a better quality of life, monetary incentives, job opportunities, better education, and training. Furthermore, just three nations India, Pakistan, and the Philippines are home to 45% of IMGs.4,5
Therefore, we suggest that the government adopt strategies that will accommodate doctors, introducing remunerative packages and more employment opportunities to persuade them to serve their nation. The government should ameliorate the workplace environment to international standards, ensuring the safety and security of the professionals. Additionally, educational and training grounds should be provided to individuals to develop their skills. These immediate measures must be taken to minimize the escalating brain drain and aid in revamping the healthcare system of Pakistan.
Ensuring ethical maternal care: addressing episiotomy trends in Pakistan
Authors: Shahid Manal , Niazi Muhammad Adan Zaman Khan , Bajwa Alishba
Published: October 2024

Madam,
The use of routine episiotomies, particularly those performed without consent, is a concerning and escalating trend during childbirth in Pakistan. An Episiotomy is a surgical incision in the pelvic floor to enlarge the vaginal opening during labour. The incision is performed under local anaesthetic with scissors. It is deemed necessary only under certain conditions: abnormal progression of labour, suspected foetal distress, vacuum or forceps childbirth, and shoulder dystocia.1,2 Despite the WHO’s recommendation of an episiotomy rate of less than 10% to be considered safe, the rates are disproportionately high in Pakistan. This prompts the need for improved maternal care that is responsible, accountable, and consensual.3
The need for respectful maternal care is crucial in Pakistan. A study conducted in Rawalpindi analysed data from 124798 deliveries and found an 80% incidence of routine episiotomies during normal vaginal deliveries in primigravida cases.3 Another  cross-sectional study conducted in Karimabad on 235 patients, also revealed an alarming prevalence of episiotomies, with a rate of 78%.4 These rates differ significantly from those of other countries, such as 17% in New Zealand and 36.5% in Norway, underscoring the potential overuse of episiotomies beyond medical need in Pakistan. Cultural beliefs and a lack of adequately trained staff likely exacerbate this disparity.2,3 Furthermore, increasing episiotomy rates can adversely impact emotional well-being, cause perineal trauma, difficulty in breastfeeding, infection, and delayed healing.2 The intensity of these impacts and the high incidence of episiotomy highlight the need for comprehensive reforms in maternal care practices to ensure the safety and well-being of women.
To address this issue, it is imperative to adopt a multifaceted approach that prioritizes informed consent and aims to curb the increasing trend of episiotomies. A commonly presumed benefit of an episiotomy is the prevention of advanced tears; yet, a randomized control trial on 676 patients found no association between decreased use of episiotomy and significant prevalence of severe tears.5 This stresses the need to shift to a policy of selective episiotomies like that implemented in Vietnam. The approach encompasses allocating a budget for routine training of staff, regularly recording rates of episiotomy/tears and including updated guidance about the use of episiotomies within the curriculum.2 Furthermore, when performing an episiotomy patients must be fully informed and individually consented, written or verbal. Opt-out consent may apply in emergencies.1 Such interventions can help ensure higher maternal care standards within Pakistan.
Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Short Sisal Fiber Reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde and Vinyl Ester Composites
Authors: Taranath T P  , Varun K S  , Swamy S R
Published: October 2024

Composite materials are replacing standard Engineering metals and alloys for many applications. Here in this work, Sisal fiber is used as reinforcement. Since it is abundantly available in nature and majority of it is getting wasted without being used as reinforcement in engineering applications. Short Sisal fiber reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde and Vinyl Ester resin composites are prepared with varied fiber lengths (5 mm and 10 mm) and for varied weight fraction (20%, 25% and 30%) of the fibers. The short Sisal fibers are treated with 5% of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) solution. In the present work, the effect of the fiber treatment, fiber length and fiber loading on the mechanical properties are investigated. The results show that the Alkali Treated Sisal fiber reinforced composites have better mechanical properties than untreated composites. The 10 mm fiber length reinforced composite shown improved mechanical properties than 5 mm fiber length reinforced composite. Increase in mechanical properties is seen when the fiber content in the composite is increased from 20% to 25% and 25% to 30%. The 30% weight of the Sisal fiber reinforced composite has shown higher values of mechanical properties.
Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien terhadap Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Apotek Medika Usada
Authors: Luh Adi Kusuma Suardiani  , Kristina Ni Kadek Putri Nanda
Published: October 2024

Patient satisfaction measures patients’ emotional responses towards pharmacists’ services. It is based on tangible aspects like the pharmacy’s appearance, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. It is influenced by the fulfilment of patient expectations, the availability and completeness of medications, and the staff’s friendliness. This research uses descriptive research from 20 May to 4 June 2024. The satisfaction of prescription services is measured using a validated questionnaire. The sample used consists of 96 respondents who meet the inclusion criteria. The data obtained from the questionnaire results were then calculated to determine the percentage of patient satisfaction, which can subsequently be categorized as satisfied or dissatisfied based on the established percentages. The result indicates that patient satisfaction based on reliability is 74.21%, categorized as satisfied. Responsiveness is 74.58%, and it is categorized as satisfied. Assurance is 73.85%, categorized as satisfied. Empathy is 75.15%, categorized as satisfied, and Tangibles is 74.11%, categorized as satisfied. From the five dimensions, an average score of 74.38% was obtained, categorized as satisfied according to the percentage range of 61-80%, which indicates a satisfied rating. Based on the data analysis and discussion above regarding the patient satisfaction questionnaire related to pharmaceutical services at Medika Usada Pharmacy, it can be concluded that patients feel satisfied with the services provided.
Analisis Penambahan Lini Produksi pada PT XYZ pada Proses Pembuatan Alat Steam Sterilizer Menggunakan Metode Incremental Cost Analysis
Authors: Nabila Talitha Asa , Chumaidiyah Endang , Sulistiyo Budi
Published: October 2024

PT XYZ manufactures medical equipment, including the Steam Sterilizer Autoclave MD 25L. With the increasing demand for healthcare products, particularly the Autoclave MD 25L, production capacity reached its maximum by 2024, causing excessive strain on the workforce. Consequently, alternatives are needed to enhance production capacity without overburdening employees. The decision analysis for expanding the production line was conducted using the incremental cost analysis method, resulting in three alternatives: the existing design, adding one grinding machine and employees, and adding one bending machine and employees. The feasibility analysis confirmed that all three alternatives are viable. Alternative 3 has the highest investment cost, followed by alternative 2, while alternative 1 has the lowest. Initial iterations focused on alternatives 3 and 2, showing a ΔROR of 89.06% with a MARR of 18.36%. Since ΔROR > MARR, alternative 3 was chosen. In the second iteration, comparing alternative 3 with alternative 1 yielded a ΔROR of 77.51%, confirming that alternative 3 remains the best option.
Analisis dan Perancangan Usaha Pembukaan Cabang Baru pada Konveksi XYZ di Kota Bandung
Authors: Prame Adinda , Chumaudiyah Endang , Rendra Meldi
Published: October 2024

Konveksi specific industry or agency. The problem with convection piling up and not making convection operational activities efficient. The aim of this study is to consider market aspects, technical aspects and financial aspects. By carrying out this feasibility analysis, convection can find out what needs to be prepared and know what risks will occur in order to avoid or minimize existing risks in the longer term. This financial aspect approach uses calculations of the Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Net Present Value (NPV), Payback Period (PBP), and Profitability Index (PI). The benefit of the proposed design results is that it can estimate the size of market demand for the opening of a new branch of XYZ Convection in Bandung City, namely 8,513 pcs in 2025, it can design the technical and operational aspects of opening a new branch of XYZ Convection in Bandung City by determining an investment of IDR 153,738,772, it can measure the financial feasibility of opening a new branch of Konveksi sensitivity of four variables, including sensitivity to decreasing demand levels, decreasing product selling prices, decreasing, increasing raw material costs, and increasing direct labor and indirect labor costs. Can identify the risks of opening a new branch of Konveksi XYZ in Bandung City with a percentage of 4.9%, and for entrepreneurs, it can be used as a consideration in making decisions in the business of opening a new branch of Konveksi. Based on the results of a feasibility study carried out taking into account market aspects, technical aspects and financial aspects, opening a new branch at XYZ Convection in Bandung City is feasible.
Analisis Sentimen pada Ekspedisi Kurir Online di Indonesia Menggunakan Algoritma Naive Bayes
Authors: Kurniawan Heri , Miftakhurahmat Moh. Aulia , Enri Ultach
Published: October 2024

This journal focuses on sentiment analysis of four popular online courier expeditions in Indonesia, namely JNT, JNE, Shoope Express, and Anteraja. The purpose of this research is to understand the opinions and responses of users towards the online courier expedition service. The research was conducted using the sentiment analysis method, which utilizes data from user reviews contained in each online courier application on the Playstore platform. In this study, the Naive Bayes algorithm is used to perform sentiment analysis. This algorithm was chosen with the aim of producing higher accuracy results in determining positive and negative sentiments from user reviews. By using this method, this research hopes to provide a deeper understanding of the perceptions and experiences of users of the online courier service under study. The results of the study show that there are variations in user sentiment for each online courier expedition. User reviews include aspects of satisfaction with service, desired complaints, and problems that often arise when using the online courier application. These findings provide valuable insights for online courier service providers, as it can help them improve service quality and customer satisfaction. By understanding user opinions and feedback, online courier service providers can identify deficiencies in their services and make necessary improvements.
Penerapan Teknologi Augmented Reality sebagai Media Pembelajaran Komponen Elektronika: Mata Kuliah Elektronika Dasar
Authors: Kurniawan Dedi , Putra Ade
Published: October 2024

This study aims to apply Augmented Reality (AR) technology as a learning media for electronic components using Android. Augmented Reality technology is growing rapidly and is used in various fields such as education. By using Android devices as a platform, users can integrate Augmented Reality into applications that can be used for the introduction of electronic components, by pointing the camera to the marker in the application, augmented reality and information about the function of the electronic component will appear.  In this study, the authors used the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method which is a structured approach to designing, developing, and releasing creative and effective multimedia content. In the research that has been done, the results obtained are augmented reality applications for the introduction of android-based electronic components.
Peluang Peningkatan Pendapatan Petani di Kecamatan Abung Selatan dengan Usahatani Bawang Merah
Authors: Lestari Sri Puji , Sari Yuni Elmita , Putro Ungki Prabowo , Bakti Aji Setiya
Published: October 2024

Bawang merah merupakan komoditas pertanian hortikultura yang dibutuhkan dalam kegiatan rumah tangga sehari-hari. Kebutuhan bawang merah yang tinggi merupakan prospek untuk pengembangan usahatani bawang merah. Namun harga bawang merah yang fluktuatif akan mempengaruhi pendapatan yang diperoleh oleh petani. Pendapatan adalah bagian penting dalam kegiatan usahatani yang menunjukkan apakah usahatani yang dilakukan petani memberikan manfaat lebih atau tidak kepada petani. Komoditas pertanian baru di suatu wilayah akan mampu berkembang apabila dapat memberikan insentif kepada petani.  Pemerintah Kabupaten Lampung Utara berupaya mengembangkan tanaman bawang merah dalam rangka pemenuhan kebutuhan lokal bawang merah.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeatahui tingkat pendapatan usahatani bawang merah di Kecamatan Abung Selatan dan untuk mengetahui kelayakan usahatani bawang merah di Kecamatan Abung Selatan. Rata-rata pendapatan usahatani bawang merah di Kecamatan Abung Selatan, Kabupaten Lampung Utara atas biaya sebesar Rp 5.439.354,17 per usahatani, dan rata-rata pendapatan atas biaya total sebesar Rp 2.165.931,55 per usahatani.  Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa usahatani bawang merah di Kecamatan Abung Selatan berpeluang meningkatkan pendapatan petani.Nilai R/C rasio usahatani bawang merah di Kecamatan Abung Selatan, Kabupaten Lampung Utara adalah 2,36 (atas biaya tunai) dan 1,30 (atas biaya total).  Hasil tersebut menunjukkan usahatani bawang merah layak untuk diusahakan.
Education Based on the Philosophy of Well-Being towards Cultivating Social Responsibility
Authors: Hamid Norafifah Ab , Hashim Siti Nurul Izza , Wahab Nor Azlina Abd , Hamid Mohammad Fahmi Abdul , Meerangani Khairul Azhar , Atan Mohd Amirul
Published: October 2024

Education is a continuous, comprehensive, and integrated effort aimed at developing a balanced and harmonious individual. This endeavour encompasses four key aspects: physical, emotional, spiritual, and intellectual well-being, with well-being as its core essence. Personal well-being is crucial in producing well-rounded individuals capable of contributing to their families, communities, and the nation. Consequently, education grounded in the Philosophy of Well-being, which integrates the National Education Philosophy and the Rukun Negara (the National Principles), is considered essential in nurturing individuals with a strong sense of responsibility and a high level of social awareness among today’s younger generation. Education based on the Philosophy of Well-being can clearly be seen, among other things, through the General Subjects (MPU), namely the Philosophy and Current Issues Course. This study aims to explore the concept of education based on the Philosophy of Well-being and to analyse the extent to which it can cultivate social responsibility among the youth. This qualitative study employs documentation as the data collection method and content analysis for data analysis. The findings reveal that education based on the Philosophy of Well-being plays a vital role in fostering social responsibility, first towards oneself and one’s family, and second towards the community and the nation.
Land Ownership of Climate Migrants in Dhaka City Slum
Authors: Amjad Karisma
Published: October 2024

An increasing number of Bangladeshis have recently migrated from rural to urban areas due to climate change is a matter of concern. Many people migrated from their place of origin to Dhaka city slums due to the influence of the climate and various economic and social reasons. Climate migrants start living in urban slums for a better and more secure life. They permanently reside and work in Dhaka without owning a house, but gradually, many acquire houses and land. The study provides information on the tenants’ ownership of land in the slums of Dhaka. The purpose of this study is the process and financial challenges of land ownership and building houses in the slums of Dhaka city. This study examines land ownership patterns among climate migrants of the Korail slum in Dhaka city. Using a mixed-methods approach, including purposive sampling, key informant interviews, and in-depth qualitative interviews, the researcher investigated the process and challenges of acquiring land ownership. Results indicate that financial constraints and informal networks play crucial roles in land acquisition. These findings have implications for urban planning policies and climate migration management in rapidly growing cities.
A Paradigm Shift: Tiktok’s Impact on Social Media Marketing Strategies
Authors: Alfian Nurul Balqis Khairul , Jamri Mohamad Hafifi , Ridzuan Abdul Rauf , Ismail Nurzali , Khairuddin Khairi , Hassan Mohd Sufiean , Hashim Nor Hazlina
Published: October 2024

The efficacy of TikTok as a social media marketing tool is examined in this study which uses a quantitative methodology. The research project ensures an accurate representation of TikTok users through the use of probability sampling, enabling trustworthy and generalizable results. Structured questionnaires that aimed to capture different facets of TikTok’s impact on customer behavior and marketing efficacy were used to gather data. The survey instrument included inquiries about the influence of social media elements on purchasing decisions, user engagement, and opinions of marketing content. A thorough examination of patterns and trends was made possible by the statistical methods used to evaluate the data, which were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The study focuses on how characteristics exclusive to TikTok – like its algorithm-driven recommendations and short-form video content affect user behavior and engagement. The impact of influencer endorsements, social proof, and viral material on consumer perceptions and purchase decisions are investigated. The study employs quantitative analysis to provide empirical insights into the ways in which TikTok influences user interactions and marketing outcomes. The results should be extremely beneficial in advancing knowledge of social media marketing tactics and how well they work on TikTok, with particular attention to the useful implications for companies looking to use this platform for customer interaction and brand promotion. Overall, by applying rigorous quantitative methodologies to evaluate TikTok’s efficacy and influence in the field of digital marketing, this research offers a comprehensive analysis of the platform’s marketing potential.
Analysis of Beef Cattle Production and Population at Manokwari West Papua, Indonesia
Authors: Hora Maikel Mhaira , Supriyantono Andoyo , Sumpe Iriani , Widayati Trisiwi Wahyu , Murwanto A. Gatot
Published: October 2024

One important factor in determining beef cattle development policies is knowing the trend model for beef cattle production and population based on a large of data. This research aims to analyze the trend model of beef cattle production and population and predict them. The data collected from 2011 to 2020 consists of the production and population of beef cattle. Data was taken from the West Papua Province Livestock and Animal Health Service. The trend models and prediction data were analyzed using Minitab version 17. The research showed that the contribution of beef cattle production and population in Manokwari to West Papua is 0.251 and 0.354, respectively. The results of the trend model for the production and population of beef cattle are Yt = 1475291- 440243t + 47760t^2 and Yt = 21626-3t-14t^2, respectively. It can be concluded that the growth rate of the beef cattle population and production in Manokwari is -0.364% and 13%, respectively. Based on the model, in 2026 the number of beef cattle in Manokwari started to decline, and vice versa, production increased in 2025.
UČINCI STRANIH DIREKTNIH INVESTICIJA NA UNAPRJEĐENJE PRODAJNE I POSTPRODAJNE POLITIKE KOD BOSANSKOHERCEGOVAČKIH KOMPANIJA
Authors: Muratović Alma , Herić Erna , Tomić Osmanović Ana
Published: October 2024

Imamo li na umu da SDI-ji predstavljaju važan generator ekonomskoga rasta i razvoja zemalja recipijenata, koji se ostvaruje transferom kapitala, ali i potvrđenih tehnologija, menadžerskoga i marketinškoga know-how, ciljevi su istraživanja u radu analizirati tijekove inozemnih ulaganja u Bosni i Hercegovini posljednjih pet godina, utvrditi ključne motive inozemnih poslovnih partnera za realizaciju inozemnih ulaganja u Bosni i Hercegovini te analizirati utjecaj koji su inozemna ulaganja imala na unaprjeđenje prodajne i postprodajne politike kod bosanskohercegovačkih kompanija.
Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da su inozemna ulaganja u Bosnu i Hercegovinu tijekom 2022. godine iznosila 661 milijun US$, što je za 12,61 % više u odnosu na 2021. godinu. Najznačajniji motivi inozemnih poslovnih partnera za realizaciju ulaganja u Bosnu i Hercegovinu bili su: želja za ulaskom na bosanskohercegovačko tržište, korištenje jeftine radne snage te želja za korištenjem prirodnih resursa.
Ono što je posebno važno istaknuti jest da su SDI-ji unaprijedili proces marketinškoga planiranja gdje je, između ostaloga, došlo do unaprjeđenja prodajnih i postprodajnih procesa kod ispitanika. Doprinos ovoga rada ogleda se u ocjeni rezultata koje je Bosna i Hercegovina ostvarila u pogledu priljeva SDI-ja po pojedinim modalitetima i djelatnostima te analizi učinaka koje su SDI-ji realizirani u Bosni i Hercegovini posljednjih pet godina imali na procese prodajne i postprodajne politike recipijenta.

Ključne riječi: strane direktne investicije; motivi realizacije inozemnih ulaganja; marketinški know-how; prodajna i postprodajna politika recipijenata.
KONTROLNA ULOGA PARLAMENTARNE SKUPŠTINE BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE S POSEBNIM OSVRTOM NA IMENOVANJE I SMJENU VIJEĆA MINISTARA BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE
Authors: Vidović Robert
Published: October 2024

Parlamentarna skupština Bosne i Hercegovine najviše je zakonodavno tijelo koje uz navedenu ima i druge ovlasti predviđene Ustavom Bosne i Hercegovine. Jedna je od njih sudjelovanje u imenovanju Vijeća ministara Bosne i Hercegovine što predstavlja kontrolnu ulogu Parlamentarne skupštine u odnosu na izvršna tijela. U radu se analizira sam postupak koji je uz osnovne odredbe sadržane u Ustavu Bosne i Hercegovine reguliran Poslovnikom Zastupničkoga doma Parlamentarne skupštine Bosne i Hercegovine. Poslovnik predviđa osnivanje posebnoga Povjerenstva za pripremu izbora Vijeća ministara koje je jedno od stalnih povjerenstava. Obrađuju se mehanizmi koje parlamenti u suvremenim demokracijama imaju na raspolaganju u obavljanju kontrolne uloge uz osvrt na učestalost njihova korištenja i razloge za isto. Autor iznosi stavove o ulozi parlamenta u suvremenim demokracijama i utjecaj toga položaja na vršenje njegove kontrolne funkcije, predlaže rješenja za izmjene i dopune postojećih propisa koji se odnose na kontrolnu ulogu Parlamentarne skupštine Bosne i Hercegovine koja mogu pridonijeti učinkovitijemu vršenju ove funkcije, ali i održavanju i jačanju uloge samoga parlamenta uzimajući u obzir odnose između zakonodavne i izvršne vlasti u suvremenim demokracijama.

Ključne riječi: Parlamentarna skupština Bosne i Hercegovine; Vijeće ministara Bosne i Hercegovine; Zastupnički dom; kontrola izvršne vlasti; imenovanje; izglasavanje nepovjerenja.
UTJECAJ VISOKOGA PREDSTAVNIKA NA DOM NARODA PARLAMENTA FEDERACIJE BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE
Authors: Tomić Ivan
Published: October 2024

U Federaciji BiH uspostavljen je dvodomni sustav s Domom naroda kao gornjim domom čije su temeljne funkcije predstavljanje i zaštita konstitutivnih naroda. Intervencije visokoga predstavnika kao specifičnoga međunarodnog čimbenika u BiH znatno su izmijenile izvorna ustavna rješenja koja su trebala osigurati ostvarenje spomenute funkcije Doma naroda. U članku autor analizira utjecaj djelovanja visokoga predstavnika na Dom naroda Parlamenta FBiH, posebice promjene koje su se odnosile na broj izaslanika u Domu naroda, mehanizam vitalnoga nacionalnog interesa i sudjelovanje klubova konstitutivnih naroda u postupku izbora predsjednika i potpredsjednika Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine. Analiza je pokazala da su intervencije visokoga predstavnika bitno oslabile položaj konstitutivnih naroda kroz izmjenu sastava Doma naroda, slabljenje mehanizma vitalnoga interesa te izmjene u postupku izbora predsjednika i potpredsjednika Federacije. Nametnute izmjene iz 2023. godine predstavljaju odstupanje s obzirom na to da se jača položaj konstitutivnih naroda i Doma naroda. U radu je dokazano da nametnutim izmjenama visokoga predstavnika nije implementirana Odluka Ustavnoga suda Bosne i Hercegovine U 23/14 jer nisu ostvareni načelo proporcionalnosti i načelo legitimnoga političkog predstavljanja.

Ključne riječi: dvodomnost; gornji dom; visoki predstavnik; Dom naroda Parlamenta FBiH; Odluka Ustavnoga suda U 23/14.
PERSPECTIVES OF RESEARCHING MUSICAL PHENOMENA WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGY
Authors: Leburić Anči , Vladić-Mandarić Lidija
Published: October 2024

Qualitative methodology as a relatively new methodological paradigm seeks to skillfully construct some more complex methodological approaches, within which researchers from various scientific fields are prolific. These include ethnomusicologists, whose ethodological aspirations were often inspired by musical phenomena that have been most often explored within ethnographic fields. Already established and standardized research methods (of the qualitative type) are used, such as content analyzes, interviews, then eminent research strategies such as case studies, etc. On the example of a realized and published monographic study on Nikola Buble, a well-known Croatian ethnomusicologist, the authors present an authentic analytical model (within the cultural and anthropological authorial approach) constructed in the function of researching more complex musical phenomena, but mostly in the contexts of ethnomusicological or broader unique monographic material (which contains numerous heterogeneous data from a number of different types of archives, documentations, newspapers, personalized diaries written, audio, visual and similar specific types). It is the qualitative methodology that critically and pluralistically considers research phenomena, and enables ethnomusicologists to more successfully integrate those interdisciplinary moments that are affirmed in various biographical, historical and similar studies, as well as numerous other cultural dimensions by which musical phenomena can be more adequately understand and interpreted, and thanks to which scientific knowledge about musical phenomena can be enriched.

Keywords: Ethnomethodological Researches; Musical Phenomena; Analytical Model; Qualitative Methodology.
CONSTRAINTS TO THE RIGHTS AND PROTECTION OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN NIGERIA
Authors: Akpambang Enobong Mbang Akpambang , Akanle Kemisola Busayo Akanle
Published: October 2024

Persons with disabilities (PWDs) have been known to suffer various attitudinal and environmental barriers which hinder them from fully participating in their communities on equal terms with others. To address this predicament, Nigeria signed, ratified, and domesticated a number of global and regional instruments on disability rights, including the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and its Optional Protocol. The essence of these instruments recognised by Nigeria are restatements of the centrality, inseparability, and correlation of all human rights and the necessity for PWDs to be assured of their full protection and enjoyment of fundamental liberties on an equal basis with others without prejudices. Unfortunately, discrimination and marginalisation against PWDs in Nigeria still persist. The crux of this article is to identify the constraints faced by PWDs in the pursuit of their guaranteed rights in Nigeria. This issue is vital because it is not enough for the Nigerian government to put in place normative framework endorsing the rights and protection of PWDs; such laws must indeed be implemented. The article adopted the normative legal research and analytical methods by examining various legal instruments on the protection of the rights of PWDs in Nigeria. The findings revealed that the inability of PWDs to access physical structures, social, economic, academic, and healthcare facilities are some of the constraints faced by PWDs. It is recommended, inter alia, that all laws and governmental policies must align with the endorsement of the rights and protection of PWDs and violators should be sanctioned appropriately.
TPLO para Correção de Ruptura de Ligamento Cruzado Cranial em Cão
Authors: Pan dos Santos Bruna , Dantas Micheletti Carolina , Helena Nozawa Marcela
Published: October 2024

A ruptura de ligamento cruzado cranial (RLCCr) é uma das principais patologias que afetam o membro pélvico dos cães. Embora a etiologia não esteja completamente esclarecida, a sua origem é multifatorial, e é reconhecida por desencadear um processo degenerativo na articulação. Vários são os fatores, incluindo idade, raça, sexo, peso corporal, conformação e alinhamento do membro, além de lesões prévias no ligamento, podem contribuir para o surgimento dessa lesão, o que, ao caso relatado, há uma maior propensão de acometimento dessa patologia, já que a raça exibe maior predisponibilidade. Este estudo visa relatar um caso específico de uma cadela da raça Pit Bull, fêmea, com 5 anos de idade e pesando 45,2 Kg, que foi atendida ao Centro Veterinário UNIFEOB devido apresentar claudicação em seu membro pélvico esquerdo. Um exame radiográfico foi realizado para confirmar o diagnóstico da afecção. O tratamento escolhido foi a cirurgia de osteotomia e nivelamento do platô tibial (TPLO), uma abordagem reconhecida por proporcionar bons resultados em casos de RLCCr. A intervenção cirúrgica teve como objetivo estabilizar a articulação afetada, restaurando sua função normal e aliviando o desconforto no animal, concedendo um bom prognóstico. A TPLO é considerada eficaz na promoção da recuperação e na melhoria da qualidade de vida dos cães submetidos a essa cirurgia. Este caso em questão, ressalta a importância do diagnóstico precoce e do tratamento adequado para o manejo bem-sucedido de condições ortopédicas em cães, destacando o papel da cirurgia ortopédica veterinária na reabilitação de animais de estimação afetados por problemas articulares.
„Wir brauchen 80 weitere Stellen“
Authors: Falker Gerrit-Milena
Published: October 2024

Die Entwaldungsfrei-Verordnung (EUDR) startet voraussichtlich erst Ende 2025. Ein Gespräch mit der Gruppenleiterin der Durchsetzungsbehörde BLE.
Amazon wegen Aktionsangeboten abgemahnt
Authors: Bender Hanno
Published: October 2024

Die Verbraucherzentrale Baden-Württemberg geht wegen der „Prime Deal Days“ gegen Amazon vor. Ausgelobte Rabatte seien rechtswidrig beworben worden.
„Mehr Technik, weniger Expansion“
Authors: Himberg Mathias
Published: October 2024

Oliver Weirauch und Bernd Renzhofer, CEO und Vertriebschef beim Ladenbaukonzern Wanzl, sprechen über sparsame Händler, smarte Einkaufswagen und die Zukunft des stationären Handels.
Eckes und Edeka Südwest teilen sich Frachtraum
Authors: Bökamp Lena
Published: October 2024

Edeka Südwest und Eckes-Granini nutzen in der Logistik einen Rundlauf und teilen sich die Spedition sowie deren Touren. Damit verbessern beide Effizienz und Nachhaltigkeit. Auch die Kooperation mit Kaufland hat Eckes ausgebaut.
Picnic überprüft Fahrzeug-Flotte
Authors: Klug Denise
Published: October 2024

Der E-Food-Lieferdienst Picnic hat Ärger mit den Elektro-Fahrzeugen in den Niederlanden. Zwei der Wagen haben laut Medienberichten Feuer gefangen. Die Probleme sollen nun jedoch behoben sein.
„Unser Ziel ist spürbare Veränderung in der Branche“
Authors: Schindler Barbara
Published: October 2024

Nachhaltigkeit, Diversifizierung und Transparenz sollen die Lieferketten des Fruchthändlers Dole sicherstellen und das Vertrauen der Kunden stärken.
KI in der Verpackungsindustrie
Authors: Frutig Markus
Published: October 2024

Die Anwendung von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) in der Schweizer Verpackungswirtschaft und der dazugehörigen Zulieferindustrie gewinnt immer mehr an Bedeutung. Unsere packAKTUELL Marktumfrage unter führenden Unternehmen der Branche zeigt, dass KI-Tools zunehmend in verschiedenen Bereichen eingesetzt werden – von der Buchhaltung bis zur Produktion. Doch trotz des enormen Potenzials bleiben Herausforderungen wie Datenschutzbedenken und der grosse Bedarf an Schulungen mit «KI-Upskilling» bestehen. Von Markus Frutig, Chefredaktor packAKTUELL
„Regeln führen vielleicht zu mehr Tierleid“
Authors: Pehl Patrick
Published: October 2024

Es geht um Millionen Tiere und Milliarden Euro: Die geplante Tierschutznovelle sorgt für Turbulenzen in Berlin. Im az-Interview legt die CDU-Abgeordnete Astrid Damerow den Finger in die offene Koalitionswunde. Steht Deutschlands Landwirtschaft vor einem Umbruch? Das Gesetz entsteht zwischen ethischem Imperativ und wirtschaftlicher Realität.
Multilingualism and Language Variation in English across Genres and Registers
Authors: Räikkönen Jenni , Suhr Carla , Palander-Collin Minna , Nurmi Arja , Nevala Minna , Hiltunen Turo , Havinga Anna D. , Schipor Delia , Wright Laura , Limatius Hanna , Skaffari Janne , Taavitsainen Irma , Jucker Andreas H. , Norri Juhani , Honkapohja Alpo , Mäkinen Martti , López-Couso María José , Méndez-Naya Belén , Nevalainen Terttu
Published: October 2024

The studies in this volume cover various aspects of the study of multilingualism and language variation in English across genres and registers, as well as across centuries.
Socioeconomic Determinants of Household Access to HIV/AIDS Healthcare in Kibra Sub-County, Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Ating’ah Laurah Odima , Odek Antony , Ochieng Duncan
Published: October 2024

This study examined the impact of social and economic factors on the uptake of HIV/AIDS care in Kibra Sub County, Nairobi. The research was grounded in Behavioral theory and focused on how household income, literacy levels, and access to health information influenced the adoption of HIV/AIDS treatment. A descriptive survey design approach was employed, involving a sample of 365 households chosen through simple random and stratified sampling techniques from target population of 61,690 households, as outlined by Krejcie and Morgan's formula. Data collection was carried out using key informant interviews and self-administered questionnaires. Descriptive techniques, such as frequency and median analysis, as well as inferential techniques, such as bivariate correlation analysis, chi-square testing, and binomial logistic regression, were used. The results were displayed using tables, graphs, and percentages. Thematic analysis was also used to examine qualitative data in order to find new topics. The analysis revealed a strong positive relationship between access to health information and the likelihood of seeking treatment. Households with higher income and literacy levels were more likely to pursue HIV/AIDS care. Quantitative results showed that access to HIV-related information increased the likelihood of treatment uptake by 6.666 times. Additionally, increased household income and higher literacy levels were linked to a 7.434-fold and 3.554-fold rise, respectively, in the probability of seeking care. The study concluded that socio-economic factors, particularly income, literacy, and information access, significantly influenced healthcare-seeking behaviors in Kibra. To enhance access to HIV/AIDS treatment, it is recommended that policymakers, NGOs, and other stakeholders implement targeted interventions, including income-generating programs and comprehensive health education, to address the socio-economic barriers that hinder healthcare uptake.
OS LIMITES DA LIBERDADE DE EXPRESSÃO NAS REDES SOCIAIS
Authors: Pires Ingrid de Souza , Costa Cezar Henrique Ferreira
Published: October 2024

A utilização da internet é uma realidade na sociedade brasileira, diretamente afetada por fatos veiculados em redes sociais, seja direta ou indiretamente. Ocorre que, muitos usuários utilizam de suas redes, mas não conhecem os limites que deveriam observar para uma boa convivência e garantia dos direitos. É comum a veiculação da informação de que a manifestação de pensamentos publicados na internet estaria assegurada na Constituição Federal de 1988. No entanto, a legislação brasileira, apesar de assegurar a liberdade de expressão, impõe certos limites ao sujeito, dentre eles a vedação do anonimato e a possibilidade de ser posteriormente responsabilizado civil e penalmente por sua conduta, caso esta se enquadre em uma hipótese criminosa. É justamente sobre a possibilidade de responsabilização que esta pesquisa científica discorre, utilizando-se da análise dos limites impostos à expressão das pessoas em suas redes sociais e as responsabilidades advindas dessas manifestações. Fundamentada em dispositivos legais em vigor, posicionamentos doutrinários e julgamentos identificados na jurisprudência nacional, selecionados de acordo com o assunto abordado e selecionados através da utilização da metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa, a pesquisa resultou na redação de um artigo científico que apresenta as hipóteses de limitação da liberdade de expressão com a responsabilização pelos excessos.
The ZiCOS-M CO2 sensor network: measurement performance and CO2 variability across Zürich
Authors: Grange Stuart K. , Rubli Pascal , Fischer Andrea , Brunner Dominik , Hueglin Christoph , Emmenegger Lukas
Published: October 2024

Abstract. As a component of the ICOS Cities project, a "mid-cost'' NDIR (nondispersive infrared) CO2 sensor network was deployed across Zürich city (Switzerland), known as ZiCOS-M. The network was operational between July 2022 and July 2024 and consisted of 26 monitoring sites, 21 of which were located in or around Zürich city with five sites outside the urban area. Daily calibrations using two reference gas cylinders and corrections of the sensors' spectroscopic response to water vapour were performed to reach a high level of measurement accuracy. The hourly mean root mean squared error (RMSE) was 0.98 ppm (range of 0.46 and 1.5 ppm) while the mean bias was -0.09 ppm (range of -0.72 and 0.66 ppm) when undergoing parallel measurements with a high-precision reference gas analyser. CO2 concentrations (technically, dry air mole fractions), were highly variable with site means in Zürich ranging from 434 to 460 ppm and Zürich's mean urban CO2 dome was 15.4 ppm above the regional background. Some of the highest CO2 levels were found at two sites exposed to a combination of strong plant respiration and very confined nocturnal boundary layers. High CO2 episodes were detected outside Zürich's urban area demonstrating that processes acting on a variety of scales drove CO2 levels. The ZiCOS-M network offered significant insights at an order of magnitude lower cost compared to reference instruments and the observations generated by ZiCOS-M will be used in additional ICOS Cities activities to conduct CO2 emission inventory validation with inversion modelling systems.
An Automatic Mapping Method of Navigation Map for Outdoor Road Scenes
Authors: Guo Xiaoyu , Kang Zhizhong , Ye Chenming , Wang Xiaoran
Published: October 2024

Abstract. In the process of autonomous navigation of outdoor mobile robots, four modules are involved: perception, localization, planning, and controlling. The perception module utilizes sensors such as cameras and radars based on various principles to analyze the robot's surroundings in real-time. The localization module uses GPS (Global Positioning System), IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), and prior maps for real-time positioning analysis. The planning module plans optimal path based on the outputs of the first two modules, and the controlling module directs the robot's chassis to move along the planned optimal path. For the localization module, the accuracy of GPS positioning results heavily depends on weather conditions and GPS signal receptions. Even if the positioning results of imu are integrated, the positioning accuracy still cannot meet the needs of robot navigation. Therefore, using prior maps for repositioning can compensate for this accuracy deficiency. The planning module also requires path planning based on prior maps. If the a priori map storage is large, it will lead to difficulties in usage, maintenance, and updates. Therefore, it is crucial to research lightweight navigation map mapping methods. In this paper, an automatically mapping method of lightweight navigation maps is proposed, combining cameras and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), including semantic informations necessary for outdoor navigation positioning, such as pole-like objects and traffic signs for robot longitudinal positioning, and lane line elements for robot lateral positioning. This method automatic generates robot navigation maps in Lanelet2 format, providing support for subsequent positioning and path planning modules.
An Entropy-based Method to Evaluate the Appropriate Spatial Resolution
Authors: Hamm Nicholas A. S.
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Geospatial data is available at increasingly finer spatial resolutions. However, such data can also be problematic because it may result in increased financial, resource and time cost. It might also be unnecessary if the phenomenon of interest does not vary at this scale or if the scientific application does not require it. This paper explores the scale effects associated with increased spatial resolution using the entropy-based local indicator of spatial association (LISA-ELSA). Results are illustrated for two datasets a digital elevation model (30 m ASTER GDEM) and for a raster PM2.5 air pollution map (1000 m). It is shown that increasing the size of the local window for the LISA can be used to explore the effect of reducing the spatial resolution. It is possible to identify areas where the spatial association is invariant with increasing window size and which could be represented with coarser pixels.