bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organising and Governing Governmental Institutions
Authors: Egeberg Morten , Hansen Hanne Foss , Torjesen Dag Olaf , Karlsen Tor Ivar , Kiland Charlotte , Hansen Morten Balle , Murdoch Zuzana , Pedersen Lene Holm , Andersen Lotte Bøgh , Thomsen Nanna , Fimreite Anne Lise , Flo Yngve , Berzel Alexander , Klenk Tanja , Gänzle Stefan , Vabo Signy Irene , Kolltveit Kristoffer , Lo Christian , Røiseland Asbjørn , Aars Jacob , Lindaas Nils Arne , Martinussen Pål E. , Knudsen Jon P. , Greve Carsten , Johnsen Åge , Christensen Tom , Lægreid Per , Tuurnas Sanna , Jäppinen Tuula , Pekkola Elias
Published: October 2022

This volume examines three interconnected themes in political science: the nuts and bolts of government, the complex and evolving relationship between politics and administration, and continuity and change in government. Government ministries and agencies are vital components of the executive branch of government that play fundamental roles in the democratic governing of modern societies.
Contemporary public administration is conventionally portrayed as being based on a series of dichotomies: politics versus administration, coordination versus fragmentation, integration versus disintegration, trust versus distrust, etc. As an alternative, this volume, which is composed of a series of case studies from the Nordics and beyond, conceptualises and empirically demonstrates how government bodies at different levels of governance are driven by pragmatism characterised by the co-existence of multiple decision-making premises. To account for the composite aspect of government, this volume illustrates how institutional and organisational factors can structure elements in the policymaking process and how these elements are powerful tools available to purposeful design.
Analisis Pengaruh Sistem Eksitasi Terhadap Tegangan Keluaran Generator Sinkron Mini Hydro
Authors: Dede Furqon Nurjaman
Published: October 2022

Dynamic loading or changing at any time will have an impact on the generator, one of the effects is the change in the generator terminal voltage. So that every generator that contributes to the interconnection system is required to be ready to face any system changes. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of the excitation current on the generator voltage.

 

 

In this study, the data obtained were carried out by direct observation, namely by taking the required data and carrying out experimental methods by conducting several experiments in obtaining data, such as operating a generator and to get the value of the generator loading to be analyzed. with the measurement method. 

 

 

The results indicate that the voltage of the synchronous generator Mini Hydro Curug is strongly influenced by the size of the excitation current setting, this can be seen at the time of loading the generator, when the excitation current is 2.2 A, the generator output voltage value is 6.133 kV. , and the highest generator output voltage is at a value of 6.479 kV with an excitation current of 4.6 A.
A case superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome surgically treated via middle cranial fossa approach: Cure of hyperacusis, pulsatile tinnitus, and dizziness
Authors:   Korea Skull Base Society, Lee Sunwoo , Kim Yeonji , Han Jae Sang , Park Shi Nae
Published: October 2022

Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) syndrome is a rare disease characterized by sound and pressure induced vertigo accompanying vertical-torsional nystagmus, caused by dehiscence or absence of a bone overlying the superior semicircular canal. Patients show various extent of symptoms related to hearing and balance impairment, according to the degrees of bony dehiscence of superior semicircular canal. The authors have experienced a 41-year-old male patient with the chief complaint of severe hyperacusis and dizziness. The patient was finally diagnosed as left SSCD, and the symtoms were successfully treated surgically by repairing SSCD via middle cranial fossa approach. We thus report a rare case of SSCD syndrome accompanying not only dizziness but also severe hyperacusis and successfully managed by surgical method via middle cranial fossa approach.
A case of malignant otitis externa with sigmoid sinus hypoplasia
Authors:   Korea Skull Base Society, Kim Hyojung , Park Sohee , Jun Beomcho
Published: October 2022

Malignant external otitis is an inflammatory disease that can spread to the external ear canal, surrounding tissues, and the base of skull. It is important for diabetes patients to control blood sugar and choose appropriate antibiotics. If unsuccessfully treated by conventional antibiotic treatment, it can cause complications such as facial neuropathy, mastoiditis, sigmoid sinus thrombosis, multiple cranial nerve palsy, and even death in severe cases. In case of patients have bony erosion of external auditory canal or need extensive exposure to the middle ear cavity, surgical treatment such as canal wall up mastoidectomy, or canal wall down mastoidectomy could be considered. In treating patients with malignant external otitis and otitis media, it is very significant to evaluate dura plate and sigmoid sinus through preoperative imaging such as computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. We report our experience of treating the case of malignant external otitis with hypoplasia of sigmoid sinus showing the thickening of the dura membrane by inflammation.
Mindful Pregnancy – A Service Evaluation; the effectiveness of a group antenatal education and psychoeducation programme in pregnancy for improving perinatal mental health in moderate to low risk conditions.
Authors: Thomas Rebecca
Published: October 2022

Perinatal mental health has a significant impact on the life chances of women, babies and families.1 MBRRACE Confidential Enquires into Mother and Babies Outcomes UK) each year continue to highlight the need for agencies to work together to improve outcomes.2 As part of collaborative working between mental health and maternity services, the six-week Mindful Pregnancy intervention containing antenatal education and psychoeducation, was developed. The intention was to enable women to develop skills to manage emotional changes, prepare for birth and early parenthood, and improve maternal/infant mental health using a combination of antenatal education and psychoeducation. Assessment has shown a high recovery rate and excellent satisfaction ratings. Further research is needed to explore the impact that the intervention has on mood and anxiety post birth and into early parenthood.
Starting Out: Midwifery in a New Country
Authors: Wines Jane
Published: October 2022

Immigration is widespread and inevitable. Political, economic and social reasons drive people around the world to seek a different or a better life than their current one. There is a long history of healthcare workers moving to other countries to learn or work. This article briefly discusses midwifery in Canada, and the experiences of two midwives who have immigrated there. Sonje came from South Africa, where she had worked in a high-volume birth centre, and the author emigrated from the UK, where she had worked in both hospital and community settings.
In the Line of Duty: The Emotional Wellbeing of Midwives
Authors: Dent Jacqueline
Published: October 2022

The culture and working practices within midwifery settings are key modifiable factors that influence the emotional wellbeing of midwives. As a caring profession, a culture of self-sacrifice still appears to be expected in the provision of care, despite this having a negative effect on care provision. Shift patterns, long shifts and working practices where midwives continue to miss rest breaks, work unpaid beyond their contracted hours or present for work when unwell, all have a negative impact on emotional wellbeing. Future wellbeing strategies in midwifery settings should focus on supporting a positive workplace culture that cares equally for its midwives as it does for the women and babies in its care.
Utilising Social Media in Midwifery Education
Authors: Todd Samuel , Solanke Olamide
Published: October 2022

This article explores the use of social media within midwifery education as a method to highlight health disparities and to reduce health bias within maternal care. In the United Kingdom, non-Caucasian women and birthing people are at higher risks of poorer health outcomes, resulting in increased maternal mortality and morbidity. Research has shown that some of the poorer health outcomes are associated with implicit and explicit bias from health professionals. By utilising a contemporary approach to address these biases early on within midwifery education, we hope to reduce health biases amongst professionals and consequently reduce health disparities.
Understanding Research: 1 Philosophy in Midwifery
Authors: Chenery-Morris Dr Sam , Baker Becky
Published: October 2022

Understanding Research is a series of articles aimed at dispelling the myths around research theories and practices, and exploring just what is meant by the different terminologies encountered when reading and using research articles. On alternate months we explore different aspects of research to make this knowledge accessible and relevant. It forms part of the Evidence series, and aims to help midwives understand, use and engage with research, and consider how research matters to their practice.
Midwifery Basics 5. Understanding the impact of family and partner attitudes, experience and expectations upon breastfeeding
Authors: Brown Dr Amy , Trickey Heather
Published: October 2022

As social beings, we exist within families and within communities, and the attitudes, beliefs and behaviours of those around us can affect how we think and what we do, consciously and subconsciously. And this very much applies to how we feed our babies: the experience, knowledge and expectations of family and friends can make a big difference to a new mother’s ability to breastfeed her baby. Where women have a ‘village’ around them of individuals who are supportive and knowledgeable, her breastfeeding experience is more likely to go well. Unfortunately, due to a history of very low breastfeeding rates in the UK, much inter-generational knowledge about breastfeeding has been lost. This article explores how the attitudes, beliefs and experience of grandmothers and partners affect breastfeeding decisions. It also considers how peer support from other mothers can provide source information and emotional support for breastfeeding mothers, when immediate family don’t have the experience to help.
Support Groups for Perinatally Bereaved Parents
Authors: Hvidtjørn Dorte , Gehring Stæhr Marie , Cacciatore Joanne , Louise Maria , Mørk Sofie
Published: October 2022

The death of a baby is often a life-changing and devastating experience for the family.1 The parents are at increased risk of adverse outcomes following a perinatal death: psychological and emotional distress, post-traumatic stress disorder, long term guilt, intense grief for more than two years, and even a higher risk of long-term morbidity and mortality
Taking Back Breech Birth: My Journey so Far
Authors: Lock Sharyn
Published: October 2022

Despite achieving her own normal breech birth with ease as a baby, Sharyn has been looking for a second vaginal breech birth ever since, and finding it particularly elusive. She writes about the two that got away, and finally tracking one down: third time lucky – with a little help from the Iolanthe Midwives Fund.
Academic midwifery: A Different Pathway to Impact
Authors: Pezaro Dr Sally
Published: October 2022

The future of the midwifery profession holds many exciting opportunities for those looking for new challenges and aspiring to make a difference. Apart from clinical practice, midwives can now enjoy a multitude of career avenues within the profession, which offer alternative pathways to having an impact. This article explores how academic midwifery practice can instigate wide-ranging transformations and challenge the status quo, via research, evidence, leadership and mentorship. I also outline support and advice to those midwives looking to publish their own work and share evidence-based practice with a global audience.
The Benefits of Yoga During Pregnancy: A Literature Review
Authors: Panda Sunita , McClafferty Caoimhe
Published: October 2022

Yoga has become a popular form of complementary alternative medicine, and is often advocated for a wide range of conditions. Yoga explores the mind and body. Every woman goes through a different pregnancy journey with a variety of physical and psychological symptoms. In today’s western world, health services focus a great deal on the medical management of pregnancy. The aim of this literature review is to offer insight into and understanding of the benefits of yoga in pregnancy. Electronic data bases of PubMed, CINAHL and Science direct were searched in December 2017 for primary research studies published in the English language from 2005 to 2017. A total of 12 studies were included in this review. Three themes emerged; ‘benefits on mental health’, ‘reduction in pain’ and ‘birth outcome benefits’.
From Standards to Practice
Authors: Byrom Anna
Published: October 2022

Quality midwifery care is underpinned by effective, regulated education programmes. In this article, the second in our Advancing practice education series, we outline some practical steps educators can take when preparing to develop midwifery education curricula to meet international and national education standards; such as the example offered here: ‘realising professionalism: standards for education and training’ developed by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) in the UK
Implementing A-EQUIP Through Group Supervision
Authors: Parker Julie
Published: October 2022

In my new role as Professional Midwifery Advocate (PMA), I have reflected on how I felt before and after implementing A-EQUIP through restorative clinical supervision in group settings. I have highlighted some of the benefits and drawbacks of group supervision, as well as making suggestions for some possible solutions to the challenges in order to support midwives. It is helpful to share ideas for practice in this new area in midwifery.
Psycho-social working conditions of nursing, medical and paramedic staff in a hospital emergency department
Authors: Lisowska Ada , Szwamel Katarzyna , Wilczek Arkadiusz , Tomsza Krzysztof
Published: October 2022

Background: A hospital Emergency Department (ED) is a working place in which numerous working conditions evoke various organisational and operational stressors affecting medical staff working there.
Aim of the study: Analysing the psycho-social working environment in nursing, paramedic and medical staff in a specific hospital ED and, in particular, examining 1) work requirements, 2) levels of control, 3) psycho-physical wellbeing and 4) changes expected by the staff.
Material and methods: The research was conducted among 69 employees of ED (nursing, paramedic and medical staff) in the University Clinical Hospital in Opole. A standardized Psychosocial Working Conditions Questionnaire (PWCQ) was applied.
Results: The average score were as follows: at the demands scale 94.99 points, at the control scale 59.26 pts, at the social support scale 48.94 pts, at the social support scale 48.94 pts, at desirable changes scale 75.32 pts. The length of service in the job correlated negatively with the support received at workplace (r= - 0.308, p=0.01). The necessity for changes at workplace was stronger in the residents of villages and towns below 100 000 residents (p=0.007). The material status of the respondents had a statistically significant correlation (p<0.05) with the answers collected in each PWCQ questionnaire subscale. The support received at workplace was significantly higher in the groups of paramedics (51.11±8.48) and doctors (52.95±13.66) than in nurses (44.39±10.26), p=0.005.
Conclusions: Due to numerous stressors present at EDs and psycho-social working conditions, employers ought to make some effort to modify them.
A review of mechanical cassava peeling and its adoption by processors
Authors: Amoah Francis , Bobobee Emmanuel Y. H. , Addo Ahmad , Darko Joseph O. , Akowuah Joseph O.
Published: October 2022

Cassava has rapidly gained recognition as a very useful crop in Africa and other parts of the world, not just for its consumption domestically, but most importantly for its industrial use. Due to the rapid rate of deterioration, cassava needs to be processed almost immediately after harvest, and peeling is one of the first operations in cassava processing for human consumption. This has led to the development of several mechanical peeling equipment and processes. Therefore, the study reviews mechanical peeling of cassava and efforts at enhancing the adoption of the developed peelers. The review considered some cassava peeling equipment developed by researchers globally within the past decade. From the review, abrasive peeling is the most employed mechanism of peeling. The peelers were operated at peeling speeds in the range of 40 - 3000 rpm and had peeling efficiencies of 12.7 - 100 %, percentage flesh losses of 0 - 44 % and throughput capacities of 6.2 - 1440 kg/h. Generally, an increase in peeling drum speed resulted in a corresponding increase in throughput capacity in all the equipment. Additionally, peeling efficiency and percentage flesh loss in most of the peeling equipment also increased with an increase in peeling drum speed. Unsatisfactory performance and lack of understanding of the operation of the mechanical peeler were identified as possible hindrances to its adoption by processors. Further research is recommended to enhance the adoption and diffusion of mechanical peelers since it has the potential to boost cassava production and enhance industrial cassava processing.
Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on ear, nose, and throat diseases services
Authors: Taştan Mustafa
Published: October 2022

Objectives: The goal of this study was to compare the services provided by the ear, nose, and throat department between March 1st 2020 and May 31st 2020 during the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic to the same date range in the years 2017, 2018, and 2019 and examine the changes that occurred and thus form an idea about what precautions should be taken and what should be considered in the delivery of health services to patients in the ear, nose, and throat department. Patients and Methods: In March, April, and May of the years 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020, the outpatient clinic and surgery admission numbers were scanned by the patient information management systems. Whether or not there was a difference between the pandemic and the prepandemic period was statistically evaluated. Results: The total number and rate of surgical applications and outpatient visits were determined to be significantly lower during the pandemic than in previous years (p<0.001). The proportion of surgeries performed for malignant conditions in the total number of surgeries performed during the pandemic was found to be statistically significantly increased (p<0.001). Conclusion: There was a significant decrease in hospital admissions during the pandemic. As all elective procedures were not postponed and the rate of some did not alter compared to past years, it is possible that the precautions taken are not strictly followed. Physicians should postpone elective procedures to prioritize malignant patients within the limits of their facilities.
A PARTICIPAÇÃO DAS CRIANÇAS NO PLANEJAMENTO DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: UM INVENTÁRIO DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA – BRASIL (2010-2020)
Authors: Correa Raquel Bernardes , Hoeller Solange Aparecida de Oliveira
Published: October 2022

Apresenta-se neste texto um inventário da produção científica brasileira, entre os anos de 2010 a 2020. Como objetivo central delineou-se analisar em que medida o direito à participação das crianças no planejamento do cotidiano das instituições de Educação Infantil está contemplado nos Projetos Políticos Pedagógicos. O levantamento foi realizado por meio de teses e dissertações, no portal da Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações – BDTD; no portal da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – CAPES; e no portal da Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação – ANPEd. O inventário abarcou um conjunto de produções que trouxeram contradições e afirmações sobre o direito à participação e de como elaborar a construção dos Projetos Políticos Pedagógicos das instituições, voltados para a garantia da participação das crianças.
Cultura organizacional y su incidencia en la gestión administrativa-financiera en la Unidad Educativa Fiscal Cecilia Velásquez Murillo
Authors: Angie Mariel Jalca-Del Valle , John Jairo Silva
Published: October 2022

Este trabajo de investigación se enfoca en el área administrativa-financiera de la Unidad Educativa Fiscal “Cecilia Velázquez Murillo” del cantón Jipijapa, que tiene como tema “CULTURA ORGANIZACIONAL Y SU INCIDENCIA EN LA GESTION ADMINISTRATIVA FISCAL “CECILIA VELASQUEZ MURILLO” que n os permitirá conocer el proceso administrativo-financiero adecuado a sus funciones y a la vez el desempeño del personal que labora en el establecimiento .Esto se logró alcanzar mediante los objetivos, analizando un diagnóstico de todo el proceso administrativo-financiero, todo esto nos permitió obtener una información suficiente, competente y relevante para identificar las deficiencias en esta área como la necesidad de capacitaciones para el establecimiento del personal del establecimiento, recepción de documentos del DECE, métodos de enseñanzas y procesos de aprendizaje, ya que no se cumple lo determinado. La investigación de campo se realizó mediante entrevistas, encuestas, observación, recorrido por las instalaciones de la institución. El resultado de este trabajo de investigación es la realización de una cultura organizacional.

Palabras clave: Procesos administrativos, control contable en las organizaciones públicas y privadas.
Analisa Jumlah Produk Cacat untuk Meningkatkan Jumlah Produksi Lampu Halogen dengan Metode Quality Control Circle
Authors: Novansyah Roby , Harahap Uun Novalia
Published: October 2022

Diera globalisasi, sektor industri memegang peranan yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan manusia. Kualitas produk semata-mata ditentukan oleh konsumen sehingga kepuasan konsumen hanya dapat dicapai dengan memberikan kualitas yang baik, karena di PT XYZ masih banyak terjadi produk cacat yaitu dalam 1 bulan terakhir sebesar 15763 produk cacat dari 157632 total produk jadi. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut maka metode yang cocok untuk mengendalikan mutu produk dan mengurangi jumlah produk yang mengalami defect terkait banyaknya produk cacat adalah dengan menggunakan metode Quality Control Circle (QCC). Setelah dilakukan pengamatan pada proses Quality Control didapatkan 8 sumber defect yang sering terjadi adalah proses Sealing dengan jumlah defect sebanyak 2947 pcs, diikuti sumber defect proses Base cap sebanyak 2594 pcs, penyolderan sebanyak 2484 pcs, Stamp sebanyak 1954 pcs, Pemasangan Filamen sebanyak 1864 pcs, dan Quality Control sebanyak 1563 pcs. Untuk mengurangi cacat produk dibuatlah sebuah SOP yang akan digunakan saat pengecekan produk yang berfungsi sebagai pedoman atau acuan saat melakukan produksi dan cek Quality Control pada produk, agar kualitas pengecekan yang dihasilkan baik dan tidak ada barang defect yang lolos dari pengecekan saat proses Quality Control sedang berjalan. Dan hasil dari perbaikan dengan SOP yang baru terbukti bisa menurunkan persentase total produk cacat dari 10,00% turun menjadi 7,01% dari jumlah produk jadi.

Keywords: Quality Control; Defect; Finished Prodcts.
Evaluation of Early Season Foliar Fungicide Applications to Support Non-Fungicidal ‘Plant Health’ Benefits
Authors: Raper Tyson B. , Fromme Dan D. , Dodds Darrin M. , Morgan Gaylon , Boman Randy , Butler Shawn A. , Frame W. Hunter
Published: October 2022

The recent labeling of a new fungicide and rumors of non-fungicidal ‘plant health’ benefits achieved through early-season foliar applications of certain fungicides have led to inquiries concerning the practice. The objective of this research was to determine the impact of an early-season fungicide application on early-season growth or end-of-season lint yields, turnout, and/or fiber quality when disease symptoms are not present. During the 2014-2016 growing seasons, a total of ten trials were established in Alexandria, LA; Starkville, MS; Fort Cobb, OK; Jackson, TN; and Snook, TX. Fungicide treatments included an untreated control, a foliar application of 0.11 kg ai ha-1 zoxystrobin, and a foliar application of 0.07 kg ai ha-1 fluxapyroxad + 0.15 kg ai ha-1 pyraclostrobin. All treatments targeted the two through four true leaf growth stage. A significant interaction between fungicide treatment and site-year was observed from node counts collected at 14 and 28 DAA. Site-year analysis indicated a significant reduction in node counts observed with the azoxystrobin treatment in one site-year in the 14 DAA data and one site-year in the 28 DAA data. Fungicide treatment did not impact plant height or vigor ratings collected at 14 or 28 DAA, chlorophyll meter readings, lint yield, turnout, or fiber quality parameters in any site-year. Failure of fungicide treatments to positively impact in-season growth measurements, yield, and yield parameters suggests the evaluated fungicides should not be applied early-season for the purpose of improving ‘plant health’ and should instead be reserved to target above-threshold levels of disease incidence/severity.
Influence of Cover Crop and Tillage Systems on Optimal Nitrogen Rate for Tennessee Cotton Considering Risk
Authors: Harmon Xavier , Boyer Christopher N. , Lambert Dayton , Larson James A. , Tyler Don D.
Published: October 2022

Upland cotton fields have minimal amounts of crop residue after harvest to cover the soil surface, which exposes the soil and increases the risk of soil erosion. This is especially challenging in the Mid-South U.S. where cotton is commonly grown on sandy or silty soils that are naturally prone to soil erosion. Winter cover crops and no-till planting are two practices that can mitigate soil erosion by increasing soil surface biomass. However, there is uncertainty on how these practices can impact producers’ profits and risk. We determine the influence of four winter cover crops and two tillage systems on the optimal nitrogen rates, cotton yields, and net returns for risk-neutral to risk-averse cotton producers. Data came from a long-term nitrogen (N), tillage, and cover crop experiment in Tennessee. A flexible moment model was used to estimate the impact of risk on the decision to plant cover crops and tillage system. Planting cover crops on till planted cotton decreased optimal N fertilizer rate as well as optimal yields. However, the impact of cover crops on optimal N rate, yields, net returns for no-till planting depends on the cover crop species. A risk-neutral producer would select a till and no cover crop system, but as risk aversion increases, no-till planting with no cover crop system was optimal. Results improve the understanding into the profitability and risk of using cover crops and no-till, which will assist producers in making optimal production systems.
Refining Cotton Replanting Recommendations
Authors: Pena Martinez Enrique , Collins Guy , Ward Jason , Nelson Natalie
Published: October 2022

The decision to replant suboptimal cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) stands has become more challenging in recent years because the suggested retail price per bag of replanting seed has increased by more than 25%. Previous studies have justified replanting when ≥ 50% of planted area is occupied by skips ≥ 0.91 m (3 ft). Revision of replanting recommendations was deemed necessary with the introduction of more advanced and accurate plant and skip detection methods. The objective of this study was to update replanting recommendations using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The study was conducted at three sites in eastern North Carolina during the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons. Each site had an early- and a late-planted trial. Treatment combinations were produced using various ratios of DP 1646 B2XF and DP 493 cotton seed. Simulated replanted plots were planted with 100% DP 1646 B2XF three to four weeks after initial planting. Following emergence, glyphosate and glufosinate were applied to terminate all conventional seedlings and produce random skips. Cotton skips were detected using a Zenmuse X5 RGB sensor mounted on a UAV. Yield was regressed to the percentage of planted area occupied by skips > 0.91 m. In 2019, the replanted treatment did not yield higher than earlier planted treatments but, in 2020, yields were significantly higher in the replanted treatment compared to most earlier planted treatments. The data suggest that a replant should be triggered when 30 to 40% of the planted area is occupied by skips ≥ 0.91 m.
Functional Characterization of Seed and Seedling Vigor in Cotton
Authors: Bourland Freddie M.
Published: October 2022

Attaining seed and seedling vigor in cotton is a goal of both researchers and producers. By separating and defining components of seed and seedling vigor, progress can be achieved. Seed vigor should be distinguished from seed viability and defined in terms of low degree of seed deterioration. Varying levels of resistance to seed deterioration have been achieved using different approaches. Three components are proposed for defining seedling vigor: well-developed seedling roots, rapid true-leaf differentiation, and low incidence of seedling disease. Approaches for making improvement in each of these components are discussed. Attaining seed and seedling vigor, and subsequently vigorous stands of cotton, requires an integrated approach and improvement in each component.
COTTON GINNERS HANDBOOK: Cottonseed Air-Handling and Storage Requirements
Authors: Ashley Harrison , Thomas Joe , Holt Greg , Valco Thomas
Published: October 2022

Along with lint, cottonseed is another product of the cotton plant that accounts for 15 to 25% of the crop value. Due to the nature of cottonseed, proper handling, storage, and aeration are critical for maintaining seed quality and minimizing spoilage. Over the last few decades, the mass of cottonseed per bale of lint (500 lb [227 kg]) has declined from a national average of 823 lb (373 kg) to an average value of 696 lb (316 kg). This chapter updates handling, storage, and aeration data based on the smaller mass of seed per bale being encountered in today’s cotton gins and provides the most current information available.
Three Soil Water Potential Strategies to Schedule Irrigation Events using S3DI in Cotton
Authors: Sorensen Ronald B. , Lamb Marshall C.
Published: October 2022

Scheduling irrigation events in the humid Southeast can be challenging due to unreliable rainfall patterns. The objective of this study was to evaluate three water potential strategies for scheduling irrigation events in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) using shallow subsurface drip irrigation (S3DI) with respect to lint yield and quality, irrigation water-use efficiency (IWUE), and value water-use efficiency (VWUE). Research was conducted in 2012 through 2016 in southwest Georgia, U.S. using an S3DI system. Water potential sensors were installed at 25- and 50-cm soil depth. Irrigation treatments and events occurred when the average water potential values were: -40 kPa (treatment I1), -70 kPa (treatment I2), -70/-40/-60 kPa (treatment I3) (emergence to 1st square/1st square to 1st cracked boll/1st cracked boll to defoliation) and a dryland control. All irrigated treatments had higher yield (1975 kg ha-1) than dryland (987 kg ha-1) except during 2013 (wet year). When 2013 data was deleted, there was no lint yield difference across years (p = 0.07) or across irrigation treatments (p = 0.06). Irrigation treatments I2 and I3 applied 170 mm less irrigation water compared to I1. There were differences in lint quality by irrigation treatment and year, but quality values were within acceptable ranges little or no price deductions. Dry year IWUE for treatments I2 and I3 averaged 3.1 kg lint mm-1 compared with I1 at 2.2 kg lint mm-1. For VWUE, both I2 and I3 had 44% greater value per unit of irrigation applied compared with I1. Either I2 or I3 can be used for scheduling irrigation events efficiently and economically.
History of Cotton Fiber Bioscience Research at USDA-ARS Southern Regional Research Center
Authors: Fang David D. , Kim Hee Jin
Published: October 2022

Improving fiber quality has been an important breeding goal for cotton breeders. Better understanding of fiber development helps cotton scientists to devise a strategy for crop improvement either through marker-assisted selection or via manipulation of fiber genes. USDA-ARS Southern Regional Research Center (SRRC) in New Orleans, LA has a long history of studying postharvest fiber chemistry and physics, but research on cotton fiber development in planta began only in 1985. During the period of 1985 to 2008, cotton fiber bioscience research at SRRC was led by Barbara Triplett whose research focused on dissecting cotton fiber development at the level of gene processes and testing hypotheses about the functional roles of specific genes or cohorts of coordinately regulated genes in important fiber traits. Following stakeholders’ recommendations, the cotton fiber bioscience research unit (CFBRU) was established in 2007 at SRRC. Currently, research projects at the CFBRU are focusing on 1) in-depth research to understand the basic biology of cotton fiber development, 2) genetically mapping fiber quality and yield quantitative trait loci, and 3) using the obtained information in breeding to improve cotton fiber quality. Major recent accomplishments include, but are not limited to, identification of causative genes for Ligon-lintless 1 and immature fiber mutations and identification of stable large-effect fiber quantitative trait loci and their application in practical breeding.
Upland Cotton Surface Amino Acid and Carbohydrate Contents vs. Color Measurements
Authors: Peralta Donna V. , Rodgers James E. , Knowlton James L. , Fortier Chanel A.
Published: October 2022

Upland cotton is naturally white, with its yellowness (+b) rating highly influencing its economic value. Field conditions, microorganisms, and growth problems can cause cotton to become discolored at harvest, which has historically been thought to indicate a decrease in product quality. Previous research has suggested that some reactions between amino acids and carbohydrates on the surface of cotton fibers may lead to color development after harvest during certain storage and shipping conditions. There has been a lack of research evidence to understand how initial amounts of those surface constituents present at harvest may indicate the propensity for potential future changes in +b ratings. Due to the monetary implications, it is important for those in the cotton industry to better understand exactly how detrimental the +b value is on the functionality of the cotton. This study aimed to identify potential relationships between the post-harvest surface amino acids and carbohydrates content with color rating values to gain insight using High Volume Instrument (HVI), a portable spectrophotometer, ion chromatography, and a ninhydrin test to compare amino acid and carbohydrate content of 45 upland cotton samples with their color measurements: +b, Rd, and L*a*b*. A correlational statistical analysis found a quadratic relationship between amino acid content and +b; and highly positive correlations between amino acids and +b ratings: 0.8607; and b* values: 0.820 (p<0.05).
1-Methylcyclopropene Effects on Field-Grown Cotton: Morphological Characteristics and Yield
Authors: Maeda Murilo M. , Cothren J. Tom , Heilman James L. , Fernandez Carlos J. , Morgan Gaylon D. , da Costa Vladimir A.
Published: October 2022

Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important socioeconomic crop throughout most of the southern U.S. In Texas, cotton is the lead cash crop and its productivity is often limited by abiotic stress events such as drought and elevated ambient temperatures. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) applications triggered by canopy temperature and forecasted ambient temperatures on field-grown cotton plants. Yield and crop morphological responses to 1-MCP applications were investigated in field studies conducted during the summers of 2012 to 2014 at the Texas A&M University Field Laboratory in Burleson County, TX. Positive effects of 1-MCP were found for fruit retention in 2013 and 2014 for both irrigated and dryland studies; however, a negative impact was found in the 2012 irrigated study. By harvest, 1-MCP applications had no effect on final cotton yield or fiber quality parameters. Applications of 1-MCP affected some morphological characteristics of cotton plants; however, it did not improve crop yield.
Cotton Yield and Quality Response to Row Pattern and Seeding Rate
Authors: Sorensen Ronald B. , Lamb Marshall C. , Butts Christopher L.
Published: October 2022

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a major rotational crop associated with peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cropping systems in Southwest Georgia. Since peanut is typically planted in twin-rows for greater yield and grade, use of the same twin-row planter for cotton would be cost effective. It is not clear what effect row pattern would have on cotton lint yield using drip irrigation. The objectives were to compare cotton yield when planted in different row patterns, with two plant densities, at multiple locations, and irrigated with drip and sprinkler irrigation systems. Cotton was planted in single- and twin-row patterns at recommended (1X) and half-recommended (0.5X) seeding rates (93,000 and 54,600 seeds/ha, respectively). Irrigation systems were subsurface drip irrigation (SSDI), shallow subsurface drip irrigation (S3DI), and overhead sprinkler. Row pattern (single- or twin-row), seeding rate, or irrigation system had no effect on lint yield. There were fiber quality differences, probably due to cultivar, but there was no consistency to draw any conclusions. For consistent year-to-year yield and economics, it is recommended to plant cotton near 1X seeding rates using single- or twin-rows with either drip or sprinkler irrigation systems. Seeding rates reduced to half or lower than the recommended rate may increase risk of lower yields and revenue that may not be covered by money saved using less seed.
Seed-Fiber Ratio, Seed Index, And Seed Tissue and Compositional Properties Of Current Cotton Cultivars
Authors: Dowd Michael K. , Pelitire Scott M. , Delhom Christopher D.
Published: October 2022

Because of the continual efforts to breed cotton for increased fiber yield, several seed/fiber compositional properties have likely shifted over the decades. Conversations with breeders, ginners, and oil processers have identified several concerns, including smaller seed size, weaker hulls, increased seed and hull fragment contamination of fiber, and reduced seed oil and protein levels—all of which directly affect the economic value of the crop. To better understand these changes, field cotton samples of current cultivars were collected from areas around Stoneville, MS; Lubbock, TX; and Las Cruces, NM. The samples were ginned and cleaned to determine seed-to-fiber ratio, seed index, and the proportions of linter, hull, and kernel tissues. Kernels were then analyzed for oil, protein, and gossypol. Results from the three-year study (2014 through 2016) indicated that the average seed-to-fiber ratio was 1.41 ± 0.11 (range: 1.19–1.61, as is basis) and has declined compared with data sets published prior to 1950. Of the varieties included in the study, seed index averaged 9.75 ± 0.99 g (range: 8.08–11.8 g, as is basis) and also showed an overall decline compared with early published data. Seed tissue proportions have changed less, although a decrease in the percentage of linters was apparent. The average level of seed oil and protein does not appear to have changed much over the years, although oil levels were very low for a few individual cultivars.
Joint Segregation of High Glanding with Nectariless and Frego Bract in Cotton
Authors: Tcach Mauricio A. , Spoljaric Monica V. , Bela Diego A. , Acuna Carlos A.
Published: October 2022

There are mutant alleles in the genus Gossypium that increase its tolerance to insect pests. Among the traits that are effective against different insects, high glanding and nectariless increase cotton tolerance to lepidopteran insects, whereas frego bract suppresses the oviposition of the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis Boheman. The objectives of this research were to transfer the high-glanding trait to frego-bract and nectariless plants. The genotypes used belonged to G. hirsutum: Guazuncho 3 INTA nectariless ne, SP 26 high glanding HG, and SP 47304 frego bract BF. Crosses between SP 26 HG/Guazuncho 3 INTA ne and SP 26 HG/SP 47304 BF and the F2 and F3 generations were obtained. For the combination of high glanding with frego bract, the frequency of individuals with both features varied from 6.4% in the F2 generations to 24.6% in the F3. For the other combination, high glanding with nectariless, the frequency of recombination was of 7.3% in the F2 and 11.8% in the F3. High glanding, nectariless, and frego bract are independently inherited traits in G. hirsutum. Therefore, it is possible to combine the high-glanding trait with frego bracts or nectariless in the same line.
Tratado de Cirugía General en Atención Primaria en Salud
Authors: Murillo Loor David , Martínez Martínez Christian Mauricio , Polo Arias Daniela Carolina , Cayambe Cayambe Erick Oswaldo , Cahueñas Rosero Nathalie Alejandra , Montesdeoca Chancay Andrea Lissette , Arciniega Mafla Karen Wilda , Parra Calderón Sheyla Yamileth , Ugarte Izquierdo Oscar Alberto , Cartuche Macas Aida Mariana , Pilatasig Pullotasig Janneth Marina , Vargas Bosquez Karina Marisol , Lopez Zavala Emma Liz , Marcillo Ypanaque Sheylla Aslhey , Echeverría Dávila Julián David 
Published: October 2022

En esta edición de cirugía se tratan nuevas patologías y su manejo quirúrgico en el ámbito hospitalario. Como ya es costumbre se revisan patologías mas frecuentes en el primer nivel de atención así como su epidemiología en Latinoamérica.
HARBETSUVAN TEPESİ SÜRTME TAŞ ALETLERİ
Authors: KAPLAN Pınar , ŞİMŞEK Oğuz , ÇELİK Bahattin
Published: October 2022

Güneydoğu Anadolu'da son dönemlerde yapılan çalışmalar Çanak Çömleksiz Neolitik Dönem’e ışık tutmaktadır. Şanlıurfa'da gerçekleştirilen Yüzey Araştırmaları ve Kazı Çalışmaları Çanak Çömleksiz Neolitik Dönem’e ait merkezlerin bu bölgede yoğun olduğunu göstermektedir. Göbekli Tepe başta olmak üzere Karahan Tepe, Sayburç, Nevali Çori, Ayanlar Höyük, Şanlıurfa-Yeni Mahalle, Harbetsuvan Tepesi, Sefer Tepe, Kurt Tepesi, Hamzan Tepe ve Taşlı Tepe bunlardan bir kaçıdır. 2014 yılında keşfedilen Harbetsuvan Tepesi Şanlıurfa il sınırları içerisinde Şanlıurfa'nın 53 km doğusunda Tek Tek Dağları olarak bilinen kalkerli platolar arasında yer almaktadır. Çanak Çömleksiz Neolitik Döneme tarihlendirilen Harbetsuvan Tepesi'nde; T-biçimli dikilitaşlar ve mimarı yapı kalıntıları gün yüzüne çıkarılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra çok sayıda çakmaktaşı alet, öğütme taşları, havanelleri, taş kaplar, hayvan kemiği ve çeşitli süs eşyası gibi buluntular ele geçmiştir. Çalışmamızda; 2017, 2018 ve 2019 yıllarında gerçekleştirilen kurtarma kazılarında ele geçen sürtme taş buluntuları üzerinde incelemeler yapılmıştır. Sürtme taş aletler boyut ve şekil olarak farklılıklar göstermektedir. Bazı buluntular sağlam olarak ele geçmiştir. Sürtme taş aletler; havanelleri, alt ve üst ezgi taşları, balta, keser, kesercik, keskicik, sapan taşları, biley taşı, delici, taş kaplar, bezeli taş plakalar, mermer tıkaç, kireç taşı misketler, bazalt vurgaç, yuvarlak pencere taşı ve sürtme yöntemi ile şekillendirilmiş bazalt ve bazalt parçaları, düzeltili ve işlentili taşlardan oluşmaktadır.
PENINGKATAN KESADARAN MEREK DAN CITRA MEREK UNTUK PRODUK RUMAHAN DALAM RANGKA PENINGKATAN DAYA SAING DI UMKM WILAYAH KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Herlambang Susatyo , Maelana Herman Wahyu dwi , Wibowo Prihartanto Eko , Prafika Janna
Published: October 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan perekonomian mengalaami penurunan, namun saat ini pergerakan perekonomian mulai begerak. Pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah (UMKM) yang memuat produk rumahan di wilayah Kota Yogyakarta mengikuti perkembangan situasi dan kondisi. Sebagian besar pelaku UMKM belum sadar dan memahami pentingnya merek untuk produ yang dibuat. Program pengabdian masyarakat, bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman dan kesadaran pentingnya merek untuk produk rumahan dalam rangka peningkatan daya saing di UMKM wilayah Kota Yogyakarta, diharapkan memberikan masukan dan tambahan pengetahuan di bidang manajemen pemasaran khususnya kesadaran merek dan brand image untuk UMKM di wilayah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.  Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada hari Minggu, tanggal 22 Mei 2022, bertempat di Masjid Shirotul Jannah Papringan, Kelurahan Caturtunggal, Kecamatan Depok, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Hasil dari kegiatan pelatihan ini diharapkan peserta dapat memahami pentingnya merek untuk produk dan dapat menciptakan merek untuk meningkatkan daya saing.
PELATIHAN BAHASA INGGRIS BAGI WARGA SANGEH, BADUNG-BALI
Authors: Nika wirawan I Gede Nika wirawan
Published: October 2022

Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan di desa Sangeh Badung dalam bentuk kegiatan pelatihan percakapan bahasa Inggris. Menguasai tenses dalam bahasa Inggris sangat penting ketika melakukan percakapan bahasa Inggris dengan tamu asing. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berbahasa Inggris siswa di kelompok belajar desa Sangeh-Badung. Metode pengajaran yang digunakan dalam pelatihan bahasa Inggris adalah metode Communicative Language Taeching in Secondary Level. Pelatihan Bahasa Inggris ini terselenggara atas kerjasama antara Kursus Konsultan Bahasa dan Program Studi Bahasa Inggris di Universitas Bali Dwipa. Pelaksanaan pelatihan bahasa Inggris ini dilakukan secara offline untuk mendapatkan hasil kegiatan pembelajaran yang maksimal. Peserta pelatihan bahasa Inggris dasar di desa Sangeh Badung sangat antusias dan aktif mengikuti pembelajaran atau pelatihan percakapan bahasa Inggris. Para siswa diberikan pemahaman tentang tenses bahasa Inggris yang sering digunakan, yaitu simple present tense, simple future tense dan simple past tense. Selain itu, peserta pelatihan bahasa Inggris dasar ini juga melakukan latihan percakapan langsung dengan guru sehingga guru dapat memantau secara langsung proses perkembangan siswanya.