bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Migraciones intermediales en el género del wéstern: un análisis de la serie Red Dead
Authors: Lorenzo-Otero Juan L.
Published: January 2023

Si existe un género característico del cine que refleje la idea de una narración simbólica este es, sin duda, el wéstern. Una puesta en escena estereotipada de la industria audiovisual y la cultura norteamericana, enmarcada en el relato fundacional de la conquista del territorio. Una estructura estética y narrativa que ha migrado a otros medios como el cómic, la televisión, las novelas o el videojuego. Es en este último escenario donde se analiza la serie Red Dead con el fin de observar cómo los elementos más característicos del far west –en todas sus vertientes– se introducen en este entorno videolúdico diseñado por Rockstar Games a través de una propuesta narrativa intermedial.
Entre el gusto por la música instrumental y el paseo al aire fresco. Programación y sociabilidad en los conciertos orquestales del Jardín Florida (Buenos Aires, 1880-1883)
Authors: Ojeda Nicolás
Published: January 2023

El presente artículo indaga sobre una serie de experiencias musicales que tuvieron lugar en un espacio de recreo del centro porteño, el Jardín Florida, hacia inicios de la década de 1880. Para esto, se recuperan las programaciones musicales de tres temporadas distintas –cada una con diferentes repertorios destacados– y se reconstruyen las formas de interacción con y en torno a la música según las prácticas sociales de la élite que visitaba dicho Jardín. El análisis se focaliza en la temporada mejor documentada por la prensa musical, caracterizada por la primacía de conciertos “clásicos” en sus programas (1881-1882). La hipótesis propuesta reside en que este espacio de recreo comprendió un escenario tensionado por distintos factores del medio musical porteño: las búsquedas de agentes particulares por ampliar la presencia de sus repertorios y la participación de una concurrencia que se diversificaba en gustos y formas de consumo ante la variedad de sociabilidades musicales activas en la ciudad.
Cuentos de la selva/Los cuentos de mi Tía Panchita: escribir para la infancia, entre el regionalismo y la transculturación
Authors: Pan Zhaorong
Published: January 2023

La noción de la transculturación narrativa fue postulada por el crítico uruguayo Ángel Rama y es frecuentemente utilizada en el ámbito de la crítica literaria. Sin embargo, hay pocos estudios que la entrelazan con la especificidad de la literatura para niños y niñas lectores. Este artículo, a través de la metodología de análisis textual, intenta mostrar cómo, sin renunciar del todo al regionalismo, se inicia un intento de transculturación narrativa en dos libros de cuentos infantiles: Cuentos de la selva y Los cuentos de mi Tía Panchita. En ellos, Horacio Quiroga y Carmen Lyra, respectivamente, desarrollan, en mayor o menor medida, mecanismos propios en los tres niveles textuales señalados por Rama: la lengua, la estructuración narrativa y la cosmovisión (1982, p. 47). Además, nos interesa destacar también cómo en estas obras se aprecia una combinación entre el estilo regionalista y el uso de elementos maravillosos.
Role of magnesium on phase composition of tricalcium phosphate and its interaction with human dental pulp stem cells
Authors: Mommer Anna , Tabatabaei Fahimeh , Tayebi Lobat , Vahabzadeh Sahar
Published: January 2023

Tricalcium phosphates (TCPs) are of great interest in dental tissue engineering applications. The objective of this study was to incorporate magnesium (Mg) at different concentrations of 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 2.50, and 5.00 wt.% to TCP and evaluate the effects on phase composition, density, and in vitro interaction with human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Our results showed that adding Mg stabilized the β-TCP crystal structure and increased the density of the TCP. Mg addition had no adverse effect on hPDSCs response. Although cellular proliferation was slightly less on Mg-TCPs at early time points, it increased significantly with time and in a dose-dependent manner. A similar trend was observed for cellular differentiation. Together, these data show for the first time that Mg addition at concentrations less than 2.50% (preferably at 1.00 or 2.50 wt.%) can be added safely to TCP for enhanced proliferation and differentiation of hDPSCs.

Graphical abstract
Managing Education and Teaching Team During the COVID-19 Pandemic. A Systematic Review
Authors:   University of Adam Mickiewicz in Poznań, Śmietańska Justyna
Published: January 2023

Circumstances related to the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in many challenges for all entities constituting the education system in Poland. The article aims to present the specific character of managing education and the teaching team in this demanding unusual reality. Contemporary principals and managers of various levels of education, often burdened with a multitude and diversity of tasks and requirements imposed on their role and the organisation of work of the managed entity, regardless of the circumstances of management, require and expect adequate support. The article reviews current empirical research on the problem of the functioning of schools in the pandemic, including such aspects as the situation of teachers, principals, students and their parents. The results are set within the practical, day-to-day management of education, focusing on the implementation of statutory tasks and the circumstances of cooperation between the principal and the staff team (e.g., concerning communication, fulfilment of needs, conflict resolution). Reference has also been made to own empirical research dedicated to managerial talent in education and the specific character of conflict management in an educational institution.
Electronic Media and Online Parent-Teacher Cooperation
Authors: Kurincová Viera , Turzák Tomáš ,   Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic, Klimentová Anna
Published: January 2023

The paper focuses on pedagogical theory and practice, which was brought to the fore about a year ago in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors deal particularly with the implementation of electronic media into family-school cooperation. The paper presents mainly the views and theories of authors from abroad, where the issue is more researched than in Slovakia. These are maintained by selected empirical data obtained by the authors during the pedagogical practice by means of the research carried out during the first lockdown in Slovakia (2020). We obtained the results by providing an online questionnaire. The research sample consisted of teachers at the primary level of education and parents of primary school pupils. It can be observed that traditional face-to-face ways of communication are still favoured among parents and teachers and that various barriers determine the so-called e-nvolvement of parents in parent-teacher cooperation. Another dimension of family-school cooperation is represented by an insufficient preparation of both parents and teachers.
Educational Potential of Polish Borderland of Nysa, Prudnik, and Głubczyce Districts – Quantitative Changes in 1995–2019
Authors:   Academy of Management and Administration in Opole, Hanulewicz Mirosław
Published: January 2023

The article describes quantitative changes in the educational area of the Polish borderland, based on the examples of Nysa, Prudnik, and Głubczyce districts. The demographic data, unfavorable for entire Poland, in the borderland regions are additionally burdened with migration from peripheral communes. It is reflected in the functioning of educational institutions. The analysis of the educational potential of the border areas based on data from the three districts indicates alarming demographic forecasts announcing their depopulation. Breaking that process seems impossible without external support. Thanks to co-financing under efficiently implemented EU projects, and, above all, the work of local leaders, many interesting initiatives were implemented to improve the quality of life in the border areas and their tourist attractiveness, which also gives hope for an economic revival. A positive aspect is that with the decreasing number of students, the number of departments also decreases, which gives hope for a better quality of care, upbringing, and education. However, the data show that reversing the negative trends requires great commitment.
Psychosocial Aspects of Seniors’ Transport Exclusion: Selected Issues
Authors:   University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Białobrzeska Katarzyna
Published: January 2023

Social exclusion is a multidimensional phenomenon extending beyond poverty, unemployment, access to various goods and services, but also covering the scope of breakdown of social ties and a sense of isolation as well as dependence on others. This phenomenon affects various social groups, but seniors experience the effects of social exclusion in a special way. This article aims to show how the transport-related social exclusion of seniors influences their psychosocial functioning. The problem of transport-related exclusion in Poland currently affects 13.8 million people living in municipalities where there is no organized public transport. The article tries to answer the question about the extent to which the surveyed seniors experience transportation disadvantage and how the limited access to public transport affects their psychosocial functioning. The obtained results quite clearly indicate that the elderly experience many effects of transport-related exclusion, which has an impact on the quality of their life. The communication exclusion limits their access to health care, which results in decreasing their health. Seniors experience exclusion due to difficult access to public transport, goods and services that affect their life quality. Research shows that seniors feel dependent on others. Restricting contacts with family and friends causes them to feel lonely.
Role of the Tumor Microenvironment and the Influence of Epigenetics on the Tumor Microenvironment in Oral Carcinogenesis: Potential Implications
Authors: Dholariya Sagar , Singh Ragini D. , Radadiya Madhuri , Parchwani Deepak , Sharma Gaurav , Mir Rashid
Published: January 2023

Oral cancer has become a significant problem throughout the world, particularly in countries that are still developing. Recent literature supports the contribution of components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the effect of epigenetic changes happening in the cells of the TME on oral cancer development and progression. In this review, we comprehensively examine the significance of TME in the development of OC along with the current understanding of the epigenetic modifications that regulate the TME and their cohesive impact on tumor traits and their potential as therapeutic targets.
Problematic use of online social networks: the case of Mexican students
Authors: Valencia-Ortiz Rubicelia , Garay-Ruiz Urtza , Cabero-Almenara Julio
Published: January 2023

Social networks are one of the most relevant means of communication and leisure among the youngest. But, despite an abundance of benefits, there are also risks that must be analyzed. In this research, the risk to be analyzed is the addiction to social media among young Mexican people. For the development of the analysis, 17,600 young people responded a questionnaire based on an adaptation of Sahin’s Social Media Addiction Scale - Student Form (SMAS-SF). Among the results, it needs to be highlighted the little awareness that young people have of their addiction to social networks. Any reflection on this aspect needs to consider the limited perception presented by the sample and the fact that this study measured the self-perception of young students regarding OSM.
Estudio de la prevalencia del phubbing durante clases ocasionado por el uso de apps
Authors: Medina-Morales Gladys del Carmen , Villalón-Hernández Raquel
Published: January 2023

Los teléfonos celulares, así como las aplicaciones utilizadas en ellos, han cambiado las formas en los procesos comunicativos entre sus usuarios, incluso en las aulas, lo que se percibe con frecuencia. Entre los fenómenos asociados al binomio de dispositivo móvil-aplicaciones se encuentra el phubbing, que se define como la acción de menospreciar o de ignorar a una persona físicamente por prestar más atención a un dispositivo móvil. Esta investigación se desarrolló en una universidad pública en el sur de México con el objetivo de hallar la relación existente entre el phubbing y el uso de las aplicaciones de los dispositivos móviles cuando los y las estudiantes se encuentran presenciando su clase. El estudio tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo y correlacional. Se aplicó un instrumento de elaboración propia que midió dos variables, la Prevalencia del phubbing y, Uso de las aplicaciones. El cuestionario se aplicó en el intervalo de 2019 a 2021, a 643 estudiantes, (M:471, H:172). Se identificó que la prevalencia del phubbing y el acercamiento con las aplicaciones tienen una relación directa de engranaje, esto significa que, a mayor acercamiento a las aplicaciones, más phubbing se realiza en clases. Dentro de los hallazgos se encontró que un porcentaje de estudiantes desearía evitar ser phubbers al descubrirlo como un fenómeno social que afecta su contexto académico e interpersonal al sumergirse en el ocio ignorando su entorno.
Sivelestat sodium attenuates acute lung injury by inhibiting JNK/NF-κB and activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways
Authors: Zhang Hong , Zeng Jun , Li Jiankang , Gong Huankai , Chen Meiling , Li Quan , Liu Shengxing , Luo Shanjun , Dong Huanxiang , Xu Yingke , Duan Huanling , Haung Ling , Lv Chuanzhu
Published: January 2023

Sivelestat sodium (SIV), a neutrophil elastase inhibitor, is mainly used for the clinical treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or acute lung injury (ALI). However, studies investigating the effects of SIV treatment of ALI are limited. Therefore, this study investigated the potential molecular mechanism of the protective effects of SIV against ALI. Human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and male Sprague-Dawley rats were intratracheally injected with Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) and treated with SIV, ML385, and anisomycin (ANI) to mimic the pathogenetic process of ALI in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and indicators of oxidative stress were assessed in vitro and in vivo. The wet/dry (W/D) ratio of lung tissues, histopathological changes, inflammatory cells levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and survival rates of rats were analyzed. The JNK/NF-κB (p65) and Nrf2/HO-1 levels in the HPMECs and lung tissues were analyzed by western blot and immunofluorescence analyses. Administration of SIV reduced the inflammatory factors levels, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in lung tissues. Meanwhile, SIV alleviated pathological injuries, decreased the W/D ratio, and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue. In addition, SIV also inhibited the activation of JNK/NF-κB signaling pathway, promoted nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and upregulated the expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). However, ANI or ML385 significantly reversed these changes. SIV effectively attenuated the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Its potential molecular mechanism was related to the JNK/NF-κB activation and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway inhibition. This further deepened the understanding of the protective effects of SIV against ALI.
The 7th Life Environment and Workplace Stress Survey v1
Authors: Muroi Kei
Published: January 2023

This is a summary of The 7th Life Environment and Workplace Stress Survey conducted by Tsukuba Science City Network.
Recombinant protein expression and purification offuGFP v1
Authors: A Avilés Javiera
Published: January 2023

This protocol has been optimized for the recombinant expression of fuGFP encoded in an open pTi vector. The plasmid encoding fuGFP used here can be found on reclone.org. The purified protein can be used for teaching about the properties of fluorescent proteins.
Social Movement Sustainability on Social Media: An Analysis of the Women’s March Movement on Twitter
Authors: Syed Romilla ,   University of Massachusetts Boston, Silva Leiser ,   University of Houston
Published: January 2023

Social media has emerged as a powerful medium to organize and mobilize social movements. In particular, the connective action of social media builds associations and allows for the continuity of social movements. Yet there is a lack of research on how connective action emergent from social media messages sustains long-term social movements. Accordingly, in this study, we concentrate on Twitter messages related to Women’s March protests held in 2017, 2018, and 2019. Using an interpretive analysis followed by the topic modeling approach, we analyzed the tweets to identify the different types of messages associated with the movement. These messages were classified using a set of categories and subcategories. Furthermore, we conducted a temporal analysis of the message (sub)categories to understand how distinct messages allow movement continuity beyond a specific protest march. Results suggest that while most of the messages are used to motivate and mobilize individuals, the connective action tactics employed through messages sent before, during, and after the marches allowed Women’s March to become a broader and more persistent movement. We advance theoretical propositions to explain the sustainability of a long-term social movement on social media, exemplified through large-scale connective action that persists over time. In doing so, this study contributes to connective action research by providing message categorization that synthesizes the meaning of message content. The findings could help social movement organizers learn different ways to frame messages that resonate with broader social media users. Moreover, our approach to analyzing a large set of tweets might interest other qualitative researchers.
The Effects of Digitally Delivered Nudges in a Corporate Wellness Program
Authors: Babar Yash ,   University of Wisconsin-Madison, Curley Shawn ,   University of Minnesota, Ke Zhihong ,   Clemson University, Liu De ,   University of Minnesota, Sheffler Zachary ,   University of Massachusetts Amherst
Published: January 2023

We investigate how two digitally delivered nudges, namely light social support (nonverbal cues such as kudos or likes) and motivational messaging, affect employees’ self-reported physical activity in an online, corporate wellness program. Within this unique field setting, using data from several years, we found evidence that both types of nudges provide benefits beyond the effect of cash incentives. However, the effects vary by individual, depending on whether the employee is actively engaging in physical activity, and by time, depending on how long the employee has been in the wellness program. We found light social support to be less effective over time, while motivational messages were found to be more effective with the duration in the program and generally more effective for physically inactive users. Our findings have implications for the design of wellness systems, suggesting different approaches depending on an employee’s current activity level and tenure in the program
INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN DISTANCE LEARNING: INTERVENING ROLE OF ACADEMIC PROCRASTINATION
Authors: CARATIQUIT Kevin D. , CARATIQUIT Lovely Jean C.
Published: January 2023

Using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling with WarpPLS, this study examines the indirect effect of the relationship between learners' social media addiction and academic achievement in distance learning as mediated by academic procrastination. The study participants were 223 Filipino students at a secondary school in Cagayan, Philippines, who were chosen using convenience sampling. Sample sizes were calculated using the inverse square root and gamma-exponential methods. The findings indicated a positive and significant relationship between social media addiction and academic procrastination. There is also a negative and significant relationship between academic procrastination and learners' academic achievement. In terms of the indirect effects of the mediation model, the relationship between social media addiction and academic achievement is fully mediated by academic procrastination. This indicates that academic procrastination substantially impacts the strength of the correlation between social media addiction and academic achievement. The findings of the undertaking were discussed regarding their implications for institutions and future research.
OBSTACLES TO DISTANCE EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES AND WAYS TO FACE THEM: FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF FEMALE TEACHERS
Authors: ALNAIM Nisrin , ALSARAWI Aeshah
Published: January 2023

Distance education for students with learning disabilities has been used as an official practice in Saudi Arabia since COVID-19’s outbreak. This study’s aim was to explore the obstacles to DE for these students and ways to face them based on teachers’ opinions. In Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province, 111 female LDs teachers working in public elementary schools were randomly selected. The researchers collected data using online surveys and analyzed the data with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software. The teachers rated obstacles to DE related to (1) students with LDs, (2) teachers, and (3) DE system infrastructure. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean scores of the teachers’ views based on educational level or number of DE training courses attended, but there were statistically significant differences between the views of teachers with more than 10 years of experience and those of other teachers. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the average scores of teachers’ views on ways to face DE obstacles associated with any of the studied variables. The teachers provided recommendations to support students with LDs, enhance family engagement in making instructional decisions, and provide DE training to students with LDs and their teachers.
STEM FACULTY MEMBERS’ PERSPECTIVES AND CHALLENGES TOWARDS DISTANCE LEARNING AND VIRTUAL CLASSES DURING COVID-19 OUTBREAK
Authors: BAWANEH Ali Khaled , MALKAWI Ehab
Published: January 2023

The study aims at investigating the STEM faculty members’ perspectives and challenges towards distance learning and virtual classes during the COVID-19 outbreak. The results are compared with those of non-STEM faculty members from the same institution. Data collection was performed at the United Arab Emirates University because of four demographic independent variables: Faculty Gender, Experience, Academic Rank, and Academic Track. The researchers adopted and implemented a questionnaire where its validity and reliability for collecting data have been verified. Mean, standard deviations, and one-way ANOVA tests were conducted. The results indicate that the overall faculty members’ perspectives towards distance learning and virtual classes and tracks (STEM, and humanities, and social sciences) are Medium.
The results do not show a significant difference at the level (α = 0.05) for the independent variables: gender, and experience. However, we observe significant differences in the academic track and academic rank. We notice some significant differences in favor of full professors and associate professors as compared to lecturers. We also observe some significant differences between STEM and non-STEM tracks in favor of the former one. The results show that the calculated means for the challenges in using distance learning and virtual classes for the STEM, and humanities and social sciences tracks are Weak. This indicates that there are no apparent challenges that hinder the effort in teaching. The results do not show a significant difference at the level (α = 0.05) for all independent variables: faculty gender, experience, academic rank, and academic track. The study concluded with few recommendations. The university should continue supporting the current efforts to provide all the teaching and learning requirements via distance learning and virtual classes such as suitable infrastructure, internet, smart apps, and technical support. There is always a need for continuous updates of the teaching and learning platforms in line with ongoing development and training for instructors and students.
DEVELOPMENT OF WAREHOUSE AND RESOURCE MODELING METHODS WEAPONS AND MILITARY EQUIPMENT GROUP FOR USER
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Lenkov E.S.
Published: January 2023

For creation a custom model of the group of armaments and military equipment, it’s proposed to enter real data on the existing objects, that are part of this group in the database of models. The technology of creating a custom grouping is no different from the technology of creating a new grouping discussed earlier. In fact, the user grouping model is initially created simply as a new grouping, and all regulatory resource parameters of all objects must be entered into the database exactly as it’s done for a virtual grouping. Differences begin only after saving the grouping in the model database. After saving a new group, you can work as a virtual group, generating and saving its various variants, or save it as a custom group. In the latter case, you can no longer experiment with the group (create any number of options for it and explore them), but can only make forecast and planned calculations in the same way as you can for saved versions of virtual groups. In simulation mode, working with a group of users is no different from working with virtual groups. The only difference is that you need to choose not from two forecasting modes, but from four: regulatory planning and user planning, both with the conditions of delivery of new facilities and without them. In the article the research of model groupings of objects of armaments and military equipment of old, new and balanced taking into account deliveries of new samples is carried out. The modeling procedure in the group user mode includes modeling the processes of spending and replenishing the resource in order to obtain the necessary schedule and edit data on all objects of the group; editing the plan of repairs and deliveries of new objects. The modeling in the mode of normative planning for objects of conditional types Tin-0 and Tin-1 is carried out. This simulation showed that the first repair is planned for 01.2023 and write-off on 03.2031. The similar results were obtained for the conditions with the delivery of new facilities. The rather significant efficiency of the developed methodology of the research models of armaments and military equipment grouping for using is confirmed in practice.
METHOD OF CLASSIFICATION OF APPLICATIONS TRAFFIC OF COMPUTER NETWORKS ON THE BASIS OF MACHINE LEARNING UNDER UNCERTAINTY
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi National University, Dzhuliy V.M. , Miroshnichenko O.V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Solodeeva L.V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: January 2023

The paper proposes a method for classifying applications of computer network traffic based on machine learning in conditions of uncertainty. Modern methods of classification of computer network traffic applications (such as the classification of transport layer protocols by port numbers) have significant shortcomings, which leads to and is the reason for the growth of research in the direction of classification of computer network traffic applications. The rapid growth in recent years of the types and number of transport layer network protocols increases the relevance of research in this area, the development of appropriate algorithms and methods for classifying applications of computer network traffic, which reduce computational complexity. At the present stage, the problem that needs to be urgently addressed is the classification of computer network traffic applications using appropriate protocols and encryption algorithms. A promising area of classification of computer network traffic applications is statistical methods, which are based on the analysis and identification of statistical characteristics of IP traffic. The most promising are the intellectual analysis of data flow, as well as machine learning technologies, which are currently widely used in related fields of science. The problem of research and training according to precedents is solved - classification of computer network traffic applications on the basis of pre-known set of attributes of their features, in order to improve the technical base of computer networks and theoretical base, while ensuring high performance and quality networks. example of using transport layer protocols (TCP / IP stack). The result of solving this problem is to assign the application, in accordance with the rules of the educational sample, to one of the outstanding classes, which are predetermined, which contains the relevant, but already classified applications. Statistical analysis and research of the attributes of Internet applications showed that the most important attributes associated with changes in the volume of Internet traffic flow are exponential. Fisher's criterion can be used to calculate anomalous changes in the amount of Internet traffic of applications to calculate averages. To classify Internet applications in data streaming mode, an algorithm for detecting the offset of the concept (drift) of data flow traffic is proposed for continuous data flow. Fisher's drift detector is based on the statistical characteristics of the attributes of Internet applications, analyzed using sliding windows that monitor changes in traffic current statistical characteristics of the attributes of applications.
Russian Big Business Under Sanctions: The Dilemma Between Loyalty and Exit
Authors:   Kemerovo State University, Levin Sergey N. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Sablin Kirill S. ,   Kemerovo State University
Published: January 2023

The article addresses behavioral strategies of top Russian entrepreneurs operating in the export and resource sectors in the context of comprehensive sanctions imposed by Western countries. The choice of behavioral strategy is considered in the context of two types of networking that have developed in the post-Soviet period. The first type of networking implies the involvement into the inner economic chains supported by the ruling group. In the second type of networking, the participants are involved into global value chains (GVCs). Two framework strategies of behavior emerged after the first “wave” of sanctions imposed in 2014. The first strategy was adopted by top entrepreneurs who have deep friendly relations with the "ruler". The proponents of this strategy, being supported by the ruling group, transformed into the operators of quasi-public resources with the minimum dependence on GVCs. The second strategy was formed by the owners of Alfa Group who sought to emphasize their political neutrality. The imposition of sanctions in 2022 showed that the first strategy was productive. Meanwhile, the strategy of Alfa Group members turned out to be a failure – the entrepreneurs were not protected from the Western sanctions and devalued their position in the Russian power vertical. Since the amount of resources distributed by the ruling group is limited, the strategy of the Russian top entrepreneurs is based on finding the balance within the two types of networking
The Human Potential Quality of Russian Professionals: Analyzing The Data From 2010, 2021
Authors:   Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhоnova Natalia E. ,   HSE University
Published: January 2023

In this article we analyze the dynamics of the human potential quality of Russian professionals based on RLMS HSE data from 2010 and 2021. It has been demonstrated that due to the increasing immersion of Russians in the digital environment, the overall quality of human potential has increased. However, for a third of professionals it remains low, and for one in five it is very low. Only a third of professionals are currently characterized by high indicators of the human potential quality. This is partly due to their belonging to generations that have gone through socialization in different eras, so the shift in the age structure of professionals also plays its role – under the influence of the “demographic echo” of the 1990s, the number of people under 30 in their composition decreased while the proportion of 30–39-year-olds increased. This is most typical for large cities, while rural areas are characterized by a sharp increase in the number of professionals in older ages against the decrease in the number of 30–39-year-olds due to their migration to cities. Good quality of human potential increases the chances for professionals over 60 to remain employed, but since 2010 this trend has noticeably weakened. Among the institutional factors that determine the quality of human potential the decisive role is played by factors related to the characteristics of primary socialization in the family and school, as well as the characteristics of local labor markets, including the presence of a “bonus” for professionals with a good quality of human potential for their willingness to change profession. However, in general, the situation that has developed in the country with the professionals working outside their specialty requires serious institutional changes – currently, about two-thirds of them work outside their profession. The mass nature of this phenomenon devalues the importance of specialized education in the eyes of employers, even for those professionals who are obliged to have it: every tenth among doctors, and more than half among engineers do not have a specialized education.
The Low Effectiveness of Anti-Corruption Measures in Educational Organizations: The Behavioral Aspects
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Shmakov Alexandr V. ,   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management
Published: January 2023

Corruption is one of the global problems of humanity, it is the reason for a significant decrease in the efficiency of economic systems. Anti-corruption measures are an important task for any state. However, in practice the anti-corruption policies based on the models of classical law and economics are not effective enough. Using the methodology of behavioral economics, we have made an attempt to improve the classical approach to combating corruption. This article provides an analysis of the factors of corruption, methods of combating corruption, reasons for the low effectiveness of anti-corruption policies on the example of educational organizations. The authors suggest using behavioral economics to improve the classical methods of combating corruption. It is necessary to introduce the concept of hyperbolic discounting and the "present bias" into classical law and economics in order to better understand the impact of anti-corruption policies. We assume that using nudges in practice may enable governments to increase the effectiveness of classical anti-corruption measures.
Adaptive Behavior of Small Business Owners in The Context of The COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Krivosheeva-Medyantseva Daria D.
Published: January 2023

Small business survived hard times during 2020–2022. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in temporary decrease in consumer demand, revenue losses, and bankruptcies. The number of small companies in Russia has dropped dramatically as well as the number of workers engaged in small enterprises. This research aims to reveal major difficulties and institutional barriers small business owners faced during the COVID-19 pandemic. The focus of the research is on patterns of economic behavior Russian entrepreneurs demonstrated adjusting their business processes to the new economic environment. This work is a qualitative research initiative based on a series of in-depth semi-structured interviews with small business owners from the Rostov region, Russia. Interviewing and the following discourses analysis allowed us to understand the meaning and reasoning of small business owners’ behavior. The theoretical framework of the research includes the concepts of institutional economics and the insights from behavioral economics. This “mixed” approach provided us with more opportunities for describing various patterns of economic behavior in the context of fundamental uncertainty. As the pace of institutional change associated with the spread of the virus was very rapid, there was no time for companies to adapt to the new rules. Business owners often resisted changes. The high level of uncertainty became the reason for expectant behavior among small business owners based on the ‘status-quo’ strategy. Even the announcement of high fines did not stop business owners from violating the laws. Explicit opportunism went hand in hand with formal obedience. Despite this, according to official statistics, Russian small business demonstrated high resistance to various economic and social challenges during the pandemic period.
Are Russian Capitals Most Upgraded? (Paradoxes of Settlement Differentiation)
Authors:   Institute of Sociology FСTAS RAS, Latova Natalia V.
Published: January 2023

Differentiation of access security of Russians to information-cultural content and cultural characteristics of residents of different types of settlements is considered. Statistics 1970–2020s shows that the differences in the information and cultural infrastructure of various types of settlements were largely smoothed out (although not completely eliminated) in the late Soviet era. However, the absence of qualitative differences between different types of settlements in access to the main channels of constant broadcasting of information and cultural content is combined, according to sociological surveys organized by the Institute of Sociology of the Federal Scientific Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, with the preservation of culturally determined significant differences in the consumption of these contents. This is a factor in the reproduction of the differences between modern Russians living in different types of settlements in terms of adherence to different cultural values and attitudes. As expected, in accordance with the theories of urbanization and modernization, the urban population in Russia in the 21st century is somewhat more committed to the values of modern society (freedom, innovation, etc.) than the rural population. At the same time, the data of the all- Russian sociological survey conducted in 2021 showed strong differences depending on the type of urban settlement. The most advanced in terms of modernization are residents of cities with a population of 0.5–1.0 million people, i.e. far from the most urbanized settlements. Unexpectedly, the cultural values of the inhabitants of the two Russian capitals turned out, in terms of compliance with the norms of modern society, by no means the most advanced. An inverted U-shaped model of sociologically identifiable cultural settlement differences shows the incompleteness of cultural modernization in post-Soviet Russia, which forms the most important components of social capital.
Formation and Development of The Russian Market of Carbon Units
Authors:   Rostov State University of Economics (RSUE), Skvortsova Margarita A. , Tyaglov Sergey G. ,   Rostov State University of Economics (RSUE)
Published: January 2023

The article examines the prerequisites for the formation of the sequestration industry in Russia, in particular by the example of the carbon units market. The main factors that influenced its formation are considered, and a comparative analysis of foreign mechanisms for reducing the carbon footprint in industrial products is also carried out: the introduction of carbon taxation and the use of market mechanisms for the circulation of carbon emission quotas. Russia has followed the second path, and already in 2022 a market infrastructure for trading carbon units was formed and tested. The article presents the results of a study of the main participants of such a market, as well as the ways and mechanisms of their interaction both when making transactions and when obtaining and confirming the official status of a participant in the carbon market. The circulation of carbon units in Russia has both common, similar to international rules and regulations, and its own specific features. Despite the fact that the circulation of carbon units is carried out through open exchange trading, all activities for their release and alienation are recorded in the unified state register under strict state control on the basis of uniform principles and rules. In addition, such a register contains complete verified information about all market participants. Transactions that have not passed such verification and registration are not allowed. All these measures are aimed, first of all, at increasing the manageability of the decarbonization processes of our country's economy and, as a result, accelerating its pace. In addition, the article discusses the prospects and key trends in the development of the carbon market in our country.
Characteristic, Impact and Countermeasures to Support Employment in The Context of The Digitalization of The Economy
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Liu Peng
Published: January 2023

With the rapid expansion of new technologies of the 4th industrial revolution, such as artificial intelligence, 5G, cloud computing, and big data, the digital economy is becoming an increasingly large-scale component of the national economy. However, supported by the technologies of the new technological order, it affects employment in different ways in different regions, industries and social groups, bringing new opportunities and challenges to the labor market. The contradiction between China's GDP growth rate and the employment rate of college graduates is found to be inconsistent with Oaken's Law. It is concluded that Oaken's law is valid for the macroeconomy, the population of the country as a whole, and for its adaptation to a special group of students (graduates) the influence of a number of identified factors should be taken into account. The formal institutionalization of the policy of digitalization of the economy of the leading countries and China was monitored. The measures of employment adaptation to the new labor relations in the digital era were substantiated: modernization of the state policy of unemployment prevention, large-scale financial trends of talent cultivation, development of the platform economy.
Intersectional Impacts of the 2021 Mw 7.2 Nippes, Haiti, Earthquake from Geotechnical and Social Perspectives
Authors: Cabas Ashly , Lorenzo-Velazquez Cristina , Ingabire Abayo Nancy , Ji Chunyang , Ramirez Jenny , Garcia Fernando E. , Pérodin Joanne , Hwang Yu-Wei , Dashti Shideh , Ganapati Nazife Emel , Nicolas Sary , Whitworth Michael R. Z. , Guerrier Kelly , Saint Fleur Newdeskarl , Contreras Santina , Lagesse Richard , Marcelin Louis Herns , Remington Christa L.
Published: January 2023

The Mw 7.2 Nippes, Haiti, earthquake occurred on 14 August 2021 in Haiti’s southwest peninsula and in the midst of significant social, economic, and political crises. A hybrid reconnaissance mission (i.e., combined remote and field investigation) was coordinated to document damage to the built environment after the event. This article evaluates two ground-motion records available in Haiti in the context of the geology of the region and known areas with significant damage, such as Les Cayes. We also present a new map of time-averaged shear-wave velocity values to 30 m depth (VS30) for Les Cayes and Port-au-Prince based on the geostatistical approach of kriging and accounting for region-specific geology proxies and field measurements of VS30. Case studies of ground failure observations, including landslides and liquefaction triggering, are described as well as the intersection of social and engineering observations. Maps depicting this important intersection are provided to facilitate the assessment of how natural hazards and social conflicts have influenced the vulnerability of Haiti’s population to earthquakes.
Frontal mucocele causing ophthalmoplegia and proptosis
Authors: Sood Rachit , Bhardwaj Abhishek , Malhotra Manu , Priya Madhu , Ravichandran Nivedhan , Yadav Akhilesh Chandra , Prasath Ramesh
Published: January 2023

Mucoceles are known to occur as a result of chronic accumulation of mucoid secretions within a sinus as a result of long-standing outflow obstruction secondary to inflammation. This can lead to extension into the orbital and intracranial cavities. It can also get infected to cause mucopyocele. The frontal sinus is the most common site for mucocele. Long-standing symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis, if ignored, can lead to such complications. Clinical features include frontal pain and swelling. It may displace the orbit inferiorly and laterally. If neglected, it can progress to cause osteomyelitis and erode the posterior wall of the sinus to cause intracranial complications. Imaging is paramount in assessing the lesion's type and extent. Computed tomography can be used to delineate the bony erosions, whereas Magnetic Resonance Imaging helps characterize the lesion’s nature. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment with the aim of draining the mucocele and removing the mucosa to prevent a recurrence. Surgical approaches can be both endoscopic and open, with the advantages and disadvantages of each.
Los revolucionarios: Francisco Julião y los zapatistas en México de los 1970
Authors: de A. Porfírio Pablo F.
Published: January 2023

Este artículo investiga la trayectoria de Francisco Julião, exiliado brasileño en México, y se sitúa en el periodo de 1973 a 1976, en donde realizó entrevistas a exsoldados del ejército zapatista. Junto a la estudiante chilena Angélica Rodríguez Madariaga, se realizaron alrededor de 200 entrevistas. Uno de los principales registros documentales de las entrevistas fue el diario de campo elaborado por Rodríguez. A partir de este documento, junto con otras fuentes, se pretende comprender qué tan significativas fueron estas entrevistas en el escenario de principios de la década de 1970, durante el sexenio de Luis Echeverría. Y, sobre todo, ¿por qué lo hizo un exiliado brasileño?, ¿cuál es la relación entre Francisco Julião y el gobierno mexicano? Concluimos que Francisco Julião –líder campesino en Brasil– pasó a formar parte de la red política e intelectual mexicana en la década de 1970. En el artículo explicamos cómo llegó a este lugar.
Vae victis: el primer exilio centroamericano en México (1829-1840)
Authors: González Galeotti Francisco Rodolfo
Published: January 2023

Entre 1829 y 1840 tuvo lugar el primer exilio centroamericano en la república mexicana, como resultado directo del fin de la Primera Guerra Federal Centroamericana (1826-1829). Este trabajo presenta una panorámica de esa experiencia al profundizar la geografía de sus vínculos políticos en México, sus actividades económicas, vicisitudes e inserción institucional en México. El evento destacó por su precoz temporalidad en la historia latinoamericana y el gran número de exiliados, algo no superado hasta el siglo XX. Se incluye un anexo de todos los exiliados registrados en México entre 1829 y 1840.