bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity analysis of external conditions based on the MARS-Sobol method: case study of Tai Lake, China
Authors: Xu Ruichen , Pang Yong , Hu Zhibing
Published: December 2020

This study utilized the ECO Lab model calculation samples of Tai Lake, in combination with robust analysis and the GCV test, to promote a faster intelligent application of machine learning and evaluate the MARS machine learning method. The results revealed that this technique can be better trained with small-scale samples, as indicated by the R2 values of the water quality test results, which were all >0.995. In combination with the Sobol sensitivity analysis method, the contribution degree of the parameterized external conditions as well as the relationship with the water quality were examined, which indicated that TP and TN are primarily related to the external input water quality and flow, while Chl-a is related to inflow (36.42%), TP (26.65%), wind speed (25.89%), temperature (8.38%), thus demonstrating that the governance of Chl-a is more difficult. In general, the accuracy and interpretability of MARS machine learning are more in line with the actual situation, and the use of the Sobol method can save computer calculation time. The results of this research can provide a certain scientific basis for future intelligent management of lake environments.
Chloramination of iopamidol- and bromide-spiked waters containing natural organic matter
Authors: Ackerson Nana Osei B. , Liberatore Hannah K. , Richardson Susan D. , Plewa Michael J. , Ternes Thomas A. , Duirk Stephen E.
Published: December 2020

Iopamidol (an iodinated X-ray contrast medium) and bromide are precursors in the formation of halogenated disinfection byproducts (DBPs). The interactions of these precursors are vital to elucidate the formation of halogenated DBPs during chloramination. This work investigated the formation of total organic halogen and select individual DBPs in two laboratory-chloraminated source waters containing iopamidol and bromide. Experiments were carried out in batch reactors containing Barberton source water (BSW) and Cleveland BSW (CSW), spiked with iopamidol (5 μM), bromide (15 μM), and 100 μM monochloramine. Total organic iodine concentrations were approximately equal regardless of source water since they are mostly unreacted iopamidol and iopamidol DBPs. Almost equal amounts of total organic chlorine (3–4 nM) were produced in the source waters, but higher quantities of total organic bromine were formed in BSW than CSW. Substantial quantities of regulated trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) were formed in the source waters, along with appreciable concentrations of iodinated trihalomethanes (CHBrClI, CHCl2I, and CHBr2I). Low concentrations of iodo-HAAs were detected, especially at low pH. Overall, bromide concentrations appeared to suppress iodo-DBP formation during chloramination of iopamidol in the presence of natural organic matter. A good correlation (R2 = 0.801) between the yields of regulated DBPs and iodo-DBPs was observed.
Factors that contribute to corporate volunteering: Articulating theory with the practice of companies
Authors: Yapor Stefanía , Correa Patricia
Published: December 2020

Corporate Volunteering (CV) has grown in recent years, looming largely on the agenda of many companies and Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) both internationally and in Uruguay. The objective of this article is to identify the organizational factors that contribute to the management and development of CV and to analyze the articulation between, on the one hand, the theory underpinning the guides published by organizations that promote CV, and on the other, the practices of Uruguayan companies, in order to determine the relevance of the latter as inspiring models of good practice for other companies. To this end, on the one hand, an exhaustive review of CV and CSR guides from Europe and America was carried out, and then a sample of ten guides was selected for thus study; and on the other, a comparative analysis was carried out of four case studies of Uruguay-based companies: Pronto!, Carle & Andrioli, Telefónica, and Sabre. The methodological design entailed a mixed approach for the analysis of the companies and exploration of secondary information sources, with documentary analysis for the CV guides dimension. Among the main organizational factors identified are: the development of strategic CV, the support of leadership and management, CV integrating and promoting the organizational culture of the company, the promotion of volunteer participation, adequate implementation of internal and external communication, inclusion of other stakeholders, and synergy between CV and CSR.
A sustainable tourism model for Buenaventura, Colombia
Authors: Burbano-Vallejo Edy Lorena , Muñoz-Murillo William
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study is to propose a sustainable tourism model for Buenaventura, Colombia. This city is considered Colombia’s main port in the Pacific, and boasts a wealth of biodiversity and nature reserves. This study seeks to address the development shortfall facing sustainable tourism in Buenaventura, which is related to a lack of facilities and deficient road access to tourist sites. Moreover, public policy does not establish guidelines for the development of tourism. In the absence of human capital with specialized training, learning is carried out empirically. A descriptive-exploratory method was used, which enables triangulation in the processing of primary and secondary information.
CARTOGRAFIAS E CONFLITO TERRITORIAL NO QUILOMBO RIO DOS MACACOS
Authors: Cordeiro Paula Regina de Oliveira
Published: December 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar as relações de conﬂito no território do Quilombo Rio dos Macacos, comunidade que desde a década de 1950 está em conﬂito com a Marinha do Brasil. A partir da judicialização do conﬂito, em 2009, a cartograﬁa é utilizada tanto pelos sujeitos que detêm o conhecimento especializado quanto pela comunidade, pelos sujeitos autóctones. As diferentes formas de representação do território quilombola são notadas a partir da ﬁnalidade com que o mapa é construído. Com a apropriação da cartograﬁa, os quilombolas avançam nos debates acerca das propostas apresentadas pelos sujeitos hegemônicos do conﬂito, produzindo contrapropostas e imprimindo novas cartograﬁas e contornos para o conﬂito territorial.
AFRO-PATRIMÔNIO NO PLURAL: A MISTURA NO CANDOMBLÉ COMO VALOR EXCEPCIONAL
Authors: Capone Stefania , Morais Mariana Ramos de
Published: December 2020

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre o processo de patrimonialização das religiões afro-brasileiras, com foco especial no candomblé. Desde pelo menos a década de 1950, essa religião, quando entendida como um dos elementos que compõem a cultura popular, sobretudo os vinculados aos afrodescendentes, tem sido valorizada na construção de uma ideia de nação brasileira. No entanto, tal valorização não ocorre sem conflitos e negociações, evidenciados no tombamento de alguns terreiros de candomblé pelo Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN). Dentre os poucos terreiros alçados a patrimônio nacional, os de matriz jeje-nagô são predominantes. Associações de adeptos de candomblé que reivindicam uma herança cultural banta questionam essa hegemonia. Para tanto, esforçam-se em cravar à sua representação uma raiz africana “autêntica”, lançando-se na busca de uma África banta, ou tentam fazer da “mistura” sua marca distintiva
ID. Jovem 2.0, um turismo social pós-fordista? Estudo sobre os hábitos de viagem dos usuários do programa
Authors: Gonçalves Farias Wynne , Ragagnin Pimentel Maurício
Published: December 2020

A pesquisa objetiva: (1) avaliar se o programa Identidade Jovem promove o acesso ao turismo para um novo público, (2) conhecer as características das viagens a lazer realizadas com seu uso, (3) discutir em que medida o programa corresponde a um novo modelo de Turismo Social. Instituído através do Decreto 8.537 (2015), o programa visa ampliar o acesso à cultura, mobilidade e ao território para pessoas de 15 a 29 anos em situação de vulnerabilidade econômica. Seu documento possibilita descontos em eventos artísticos-culturais e esportivos, bem como a gratuidade e/ou desconto em passagens rodoviárias interestaduais. Estima-se que haja dezesseis milhões de jovens que podem ser beneficiados pelo programa, contudo, até 2018 existiam 425.494 cartões ativos. De caráter exploratório descritivo e de cunho quantitativo, o estudo empregou um questionário autopreenchido difundido por plataformas digitais. Houve 629 respondentes de todas as regiões brasileiras. Os resultados foram analisados a partir de estatísticas descritivas e comparados às tabelas do Censo do IBGE para população jovem. Apesar de não ser um propósito explícito, o programa contribui para o aumento de viagens, particularmente para um público que não tinha esse hábito. Apontam-se ainda as características dessas viagens como: motivação, duração, companhia e itinerário de viagem período em que ocorrem, os meios de hospedagem utilizados e os canais de informações sobre os destinos visitados. Este trabalho trata de um tema inédito, visto que não foram encontradas pesquisas que discutam o programa Identidade Jovem na perspectiva do Turismo, bem como a juventude como público para Turismo Social no Brasil.

Palavras-chave: Identidade Jovem. Turismo Social. Políticas para Juventude. Hábitos de Viagem.
Afroempreendedorismo no turismo, desigualdade racial e fortalecimento da identidade negra
Authors: Araújo de Oliveira Natália
Published: December 2020

O afroempreendedor é o empreendedor negro que busca, por meio do seu trabalho, valorizar a cultura negra e fazer dela seu meio de renda e apoio. No turismo, o afroempreendedorismo é realizado por meio do afroturismo, que é pautado por experiências afroreferenciadas na atividade. A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo discutir como o afroempreendedorismo em turismo pode contribuir para a redução da desigualdade racial e para o fortalecimento da identidade negra no Brasil. Para tanto, uma pesquisa, de cunho qualitativo, foi realizada junto a quinze afroempreendedores da área no país, que responderam um questionário enviado via Google Forms. A técnica de amostragem não probabilística usada foi a bola de neve, na qual os entrevistados indicavam outras pessoas para também responderem à pesquisa. Os afroempreendedores pesquisados eram pretos, em sua maioria mulheres, com alta escolaridade, que trabalhavam principalmente com agenciamento e guia. A pesquisa mostrou que o afroempreendedorismo no turismo auxilia na redução da desigualdade racial e na afirmação da identidade negra de sete diferentes maneiras, a saber: no resgate da memória do povo preto por meio de narrativas turísticas; na valorização das narrativas negras e da ancestralidade; na formação de empreendedores negros que valorizam sua ancestralidade; na construção de medidas antirracistas nos modelos de negócios; na mudança da visão do negro como mão de obra; na educação de jovens e no aumento da renda e inclusão de capital de giro para a população afrodescendente.

Palavras-chave: Afroempreendedorismo. Turismo. Redução da Desigualdade Racial. Fortalecimento da Identidade Negra.
Sintonización de un Controlador PID para un Péndulo Invertido Mediante Algoritmos Meta-Heurísticos: Luciérnaga y Recocido Simulador
Authors: Beltrán Luis Gabriel , Ñaupari Huátuco Zócimo
Published: December 2020

En las plantas industriales un gran porcentaje de los controladores está basado en el Algoritmo de Control PID, esto por su sencillez y robustez, se tiene conocimiento que la performance de la Planta se puede ver afectada en cantidad y calidad del producto debido a la inadecuada determinación de los parámetros del controlador, incluso perjudicar a los mismos actuadores. En este trabajo, se muestra una alternativa a los métodos clásicos de sintonía de dichos parámetros: los algoritmos metaheurísticos, los cuales pertenecen a la rama de Búsqueda Informada dentro de la Inteligencia Artificial, cuyo objetivo es optimizar una determinada función de costo evitando los máximos o mínimos locales. Se ha considerado el modelo linealizado (para fines prácticos) de un sistema de péndulo invertido con un carro deslizante para la aplicación de dos algoritmos: el recocido simulado y el de luciérnagas; los cuales tuvieron como rango superior el determinado por el Criterio de Routh-Hurwitz para todas las especificaciones de rendimiento en el dominio del tiempo. En los resultados se pudo determinar que los parámetros optimizados del controlador PID no tenían una diferencia significativa y la velocidad de convergencia era rápida, esto nos permitiría concluir que es una opción adicional para la sintonía de lazos de control.
Asignación de Pérdidas y Costos del Sistema de Transmisión dentro de un Ambiente Desregulado
Authors: Castillo Correa Carlos Gilmer , Molina Rodriguez Yuri Percy , Luyo Kuong Jaime
Published: December 2020

El sistema de transmisión eléctrico es la infraestructura que permite la transferencia de energía desde los puntos de producción hasta los centros de consumo. Tiene la característica de monopolio natural regulado. Para eficiencia y equidad económica en el mercado de electricidad, es necesario que tanto las pérdidas eléctricas como los costos incurridos en el proceso de transmisión, sean adecuadamente distribuidos entre todos los agentes que hacen uso de este sistema. Es por ello que alrededor del mundo se han desarrollado una serie de metodologías que permiten a los reguladores del sistema eléctrico fijar las tarifas de transmisión que aseguren a sus propietarios recuperar los costos incurridos en la construcción, operación y mantenimiento y permitan el desarrollo eficiente de la red a largo plazo. En este contexto, en el presente artículo se hace una revisión de las diferentes metodologías de asignación de pérdidas eléctricas y costos de transmisión a nivel nacional e internacional.
Computer Vision Methods for Automotive Applications
Authors: Díaz Aldo André , Kurka Paulo R. G.
Published: December 2020

Recent advances in computer vision have favored technological developments in the automotive industry. In this work, we present methods relevant to the use of cameras as measurement devices in computer vision and their applications in the automotive industry. The methods are edge and ellipse detection, camera calibration, 3-D reconstruction and stereo vision. The applications include methods for detecting rims in automotive wheels, estimation of the calibration angles of vehicles and the reconstruction of a vehicle's trajectory using stereo vision. The results showed the potential of computer vision methods to solve complex problems in the automotive industry. In conclusion, a set of techniques and applications of computer vision in the automotive industry are presented in order to motivate future developments in this and other related areas.
Estudio de los fitoconstituyentes de Pleurotus Ostreatus cultivado en residuos de pulpa de café
Authors: Collantes Díaz Ingrit Elida , Nieto Juárez Jessica Ivana , Cuzcano Ruiz Ángel David , Reyes López Walter Andersson
Published: December 2020

El hongo Pleurotus ostreatus también llamado seta ostra es ampliamente cultivado por su valor nutricional, así como, por sus diferentes beneficios a la salud que se le otorgan y por su valor en remediación. El laboratorio N° 11 de la Universidad de Ingeniería del Perú está cultivando P. ostreatus haciendo uso de residuos de la pulpa de café como sustrato. El presente trabajo describe la identificación de los fitoconstituyentes mayoritarios en las fracciones apolares del extracto bruto orgánico de la seta ostra. Después de la transesterificación de una fracción rica en ácidos grasos, fue identificado el éster metílico del ácido palmítico como el mayoritario y de una segunda fracción fueron identificados los esteroides 5α,8α-epidioxi-24(R)-metilcolesta-6en-3β-ol y 5α,8α-epidioxi-22E-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol. La identificación de los metabolitos se realizó por análisis de cromatografía gaseosa acoplado a espectrómetro de masas y por resonancia magnética nuclear de hidrógeno y de carbono 13.
The Algorithm for Territorial Distribution of Public Emergency Rooms in Megapolis (by the Example of Moscow)
Authors: Dubrov V. E. , Zlobina Yu. S. , Tishchenko S. A. , Shakhmuradian M. A. , Pospelov N. A. , Shustov E. A.
Published: December 2020

Background. The lack of a system for evaluating the feasibility of new trauma and orthopedic departments in outpatient clinics under construction creating is one of the main reasons for the imbalance in their territorial location. Therefore, one of the most urgent modern tasks in the megalopolis healthcare organization — is to develop a system for effective regulation of the trauma and orthopedic outpatient departments network construction. The purpose of the study is to improve the effectiveness of outpatient trauma and orthopedic care for megalopolis residents. Materials and Methods. In the research process, theoretical (formalization, synthesis, deduction) and empirical (observation, comparison, modeling, measurement) methods were used. A total of 67 emergency trauma outpatient departments in Moscow were sampled and data on their attendance for April 2019 were collected. Results. Creation of a mathematical model of the network of outpatient primary trauma care and a basic algorithm for estimating the average time from the moment a patient received injuries to the time of primary care in one of the emergency outpatient trauma units of the medical organizations of the capital, which can be used by the executive bodies of the healthcare organization cities in solving administrative and economic problems. Conclusion. The developed specialized mathematical algorithm for assessing the existing effectiveness of the already existing emergency outpatient trauma units network and the distribution of new units allows you to create an “ideal” model for the location of these deparments in a megapolis. In the future, this model can be developed taking into account the development of the transport network, the financing of emergency rooms, etc.
Arthroscopy for Knee Osteoarthritis in the XXI Century: a Systematic Review of Current High Quality Researches and Guidelines of Professional Societies
Authors: Saraev A. V. , Kulyaba T. A. , Rasulov M. Sh. , Kornilov N. N.
Published: December 2020

Background. Current evidence based research data lead to reassessment of traditional approaches for treatment of patients with bone and joint disorders especially knee osteoarthritis (OA). The purpose of the study was to review randomized clinical trials (RCT) and meta-analyses of RCT as well as recent guidelines of professional societies for application of arthroscopic lavage, debridement and meniscectomy in knee OA. Materials and Methods. Databases PubMed, e-LIBRARY, EMBASE (Ovid), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched for the period from 2000 till 2019. From 138 heats irrelevant and poor quality studies were excluded. In total there were 1614 patients aged 48,9–62,8 in RCT and 20 770 patients aged 42–62,4 in meta-analyses of RCT. Results. Both arthroscopic lavage and debridement do not lead to significant pain relief as well as functional improvement in long term therefore are not recommended. Nonsurgical treatment should be the first line strategy in patients with early and moderate knee OA even with degenerative meniscal tears irrespective of mechanical symptoms like painful locking, catching or sudden giving way. Arthroscopy might be performed only if complex non-surgical treatment including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, structured exercises program and intra-articular injections failed after 3 months in patients without ‘bone on bone’ cartilage erosions and frontal malalignment or if the knee is mechanically locked due to bucked handle type meniscus tear or loose body. Conclusion. Evidence based medicine approach let us to conclude that arthroscopy in knee OA is non-efficient and rarely indicated therefore if proper non-surgical treatment is failed around the knee osteotomies and partial or total arthroplasty should be considered.
Extirpation of the Thoracic and Lumbar Hemivertebrae from the Dorsal Access Using the Ultrasonic Bone Scalpel in Children: The Result of a Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Naumov D. G. , Mushkin A. Yu. , Filatov E. Yu. , Ryabykh S. O. , Chelpachenko O. B.
Published: December 2020

Background. The surgical treatment of congenital spinal deformity caused by hemivertebra is associated with high rate of complications. A research of a new surgery technique for operation time and blood loss decrease could potentially improve outcomes. The purpose — to evaluate the efficacy of ultrasonic bone scalpel in surgical treatment of pediatric congenital spinal deformities caused by monosegmental hemivertebra. Patients and Methods. Level of Evidence III. The study based on the data of 55 consecutively operated pediatric patients who underwent 59 posterior hemivertebra resection provided by ultrasonic bone scalpel from January 2015 to December 2019. The average age was 4 years and 4 months. 36 hemivertebra were located in thoracic spine and 23 were located in lumbar spine. Total duration of surgery, estimated blood loss (ml and % of circulated blood volume, CBV), complications rate and deformity correction were noted. The influence of posterior instrumentation length and patients age at time of surgery on evaluation parameters was analyzed. 5-year (2015–2019) systematic literature review was performed for compare with obtain results. Results. Total operation time was 131 min ± 33 min for thoracic spine and 165 min ± 50 min for lumbar spine (p = 0,005). Estimated blood loss was 105 ml ± 74 ml (Me 80 ml) for thoracic resection and 123 ml ± 59 ml (Me 120 ml) — for lumbar (p = 0,178). The length of posterior instrumentation were not influence on operation time and total blood loss (p = 0,957; p = 0,967), patients age at time of surgery were not influence on operation time (p = 0,458), but correlate with total blood loss (p = 0,023). Intraoperative complications was not observed. Four cases of transpedicular screw malposition without neurological deficit were noted (type C acc. Gertzbein-Robbins). Conclusions. Posterior hemivertebra resection with ultrasonic bone scalpel is safe and effective procedure provides decrease of operation time and estimated blood loss.
Self-efficacy dan mental toughness: Apakah faktor psikologis berkorelasi dengan performa atlet?
Authors: Setiawan Edi , Patah Ihsan Abdul , Baptista Céu , Winarno M.E , Sabino Bebiana , Amalia Eneng Fitri
Published: December 2020

Faktor psikologis saat ini telah menjadi salah satu aspek yang sangat penting dalam olahraga futsal, namun belum diketahui dengan jelas faktor mana yang lebih berkorelasi dengan performa. Tujuan penelitian ini mencoba untuk menganalisis besarnya korelasi dua faktor psikologis antara self-efficacy dan mental toughness dengan performa atlet futsal. Pendekatan penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif korelasional. Subjek sebanyak tiga puluh atlet futsal amatir dari Suryakancana University (15 pria dan 15 wanita, n=30). Instrumen self-efficacy, mental toughness dan performa menggunakan FSEQ, FMTQ dan FPQ. Analisis data menggunakan IBM SPSS software versi 25 dengan analisis korelasi person product moment dan analisis korelasi ganda. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara self-efficacy dengan performa atlet, terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara mental toughness dengan performa atlet, terdapat korelasi antara self-efficacy dan mental toughness dengan performa atlet dalam kategori tinggi diperoleh (r=0.733, Sig=0.002<0.05). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat korelasi yang tinggi antara self-efficacy dan mental toughness dengan performa atlet futsal. Self-efficacy and mental toughness: Do psychological factors correlate with athlete performance? AbstractPsychological factors have become one of the most important aspects in futsal, however, it is not clear which factors are more correlated with performance. The purpose of this study is to analyze the magnitude of the correlation between two psychological factors between self-efficacy and mental toughness with the performance of futsal athletes. The research approach is quantitative with correlational descriptive methods. Thirty amateur athletes from Suryakancana University (15 men and 15 women, n = 30). Instrumen of self-efficacy, mental toughness and performance using FSEQ, FMTQ and FPQ. Data analysis using IBM SPSS software version 25 with Pearson Product Moment correlation analysis and multiple correlation analysis. The results found that there was a significant correlation between self-efficacy and athlete performance, there is a significant correlation between mental toughness with athlete performance, there is a correlation between self-efficacy and mental toughness with athlete performance in the high category (r=0.733, Sig=0.002<0.05). The conclusion in this study is that there is a high correlation between self-efficacy and mental toughness with the performance of futsal athletes.
Эволюция электронного транспорта при резистивных переключениях в пленках порфиразинов
Authors: Дроздов К.А. , Крылов И.В. , Василик В.А. , Косов А.Д. , Дубинина Т.В. , Рябова Л.И. , Хохлов Д.Р.
Published: December 2020

Анализ вольт-амперных характеристик позволил определить механизмы проводимости, соответствующие различным состояниям каналов протекания при резистивных переключениях в пленках порфиразинов. Варьирование температуры, структуры диэлектрической матрицы и типа основных носителей заряда позволило оценить применимость модели проводящих каналов для описания транспорта и определить механизмы проводимости для каждого состояния системы. Ключевые слова: пленки порфиразинов, транспорт носителей заряда, резистивное переключение.
Кристаллическая структура и магнитные характеристики твердых растворов Mn-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-Fe-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-NiGe
Authors: Римский Г.С. , Янушкевич К.И. , Белозорева Н.М. , Козленко Д.П. , Руткаускас А.В.
Published: December 2020

Substitutional solid solutions Mn1-xFexNiGe (0.05≤x≤1.00) were synthesized. The crystal structure in the temperature range of 20 - 300 K has been studied by X-ray and neutron diffraction. At T = 200 K, a phase transformation from a hexagonal structure of the Ni2In type to an orthorhombic structure (S.G. Pnma) has been observed. The magnetic properties of these compounds were also investigated in the temperature range of 5 - 300 K and external magnetic fields up to 10 T. The temperature of the "magnetic order - magnetic disorder" phase transformation was found to decrease from 272 to 132 K with an increase in concentration x from 5 to 30 mol%.
Структура, зеренное строение и диэлектрические свойства керамик твердых растворов YCu-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Mn-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Назаренко А.В. , Павленко А.В. , Абдулвахидов К.Г.
Published: December 2020

Solid solution ceramics of the YCuxMn1-xO3 system at x = 0.05; 0.10; 0.15 were prepared by solid-phase reactions followed by sintering using conventional ceramic technology. The study of their structure, microstructure and dielectric properties including of temperature and frequencies investigation of dielectric permittivity, conductivity and tangent of dielectric loses is carried out. It is established that hexagonal phase is predominantly formed in the ceramics. Its grain structure is unhomogenius, while synthesis is performed with the formation of liquid phases of eutectic origin. It is shown that anomalous behavior of dielectric characteristics at Т=30-200 ºС connected to interlayer polarization effects, while features at Т = 222 ºС (x = 0.05), 234 ºС (x = 0.10) and 247 ºС (x = 0.15) we connected to “isostructural” phase transition that is intermediate between the ferroelectric and paraelectric phases.
Characteristics of the Users of Troubled Desire, a Web-Based Self-management App for Individuals With Sexual Interest in Children: Descriptive Analysis of Self-assessment Data
Authors: Schuler Miriam , Gieseler Hannes , Schweder Katharina W , von Heyden Maximilian , Beier Klaus M
Published: December 2020

Background

Despite the high prevalence of child sexual offenses and the increasing amounts of available child sexual abuse material, there is a global shortage of preventive interventions focusing on individuals at risk of sexual offending. The web-based app Troubled Desire aims to address this shortage by offering self-assessments and self-management training modules in different languages to individuals with sexual interests in prepubescent and early pubescent children (ie, those with pedophilic and hebephiliac sexual interest, respectively).

Objective

The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of the users of the Troubled Desire app.

Methods

The fully completed self-assessment data gathered within the first 30 months of this study from October 25, 2017 to April 25, 2020 were investigated. The main outcome measures were (1) sociodemographic information and (2) sexual interests and sexual behaviors of the users of Troubled Desire.

Results

The self-assessment was completed by 4161 users. User accesses were mainly from Germany (2277/4161, 54.7%) and the United States (474/4161, 11.4%). Approximately 78.9% (3281/4161) of the users reported sexual interest in children; these users were significantly more likely to report distress and trouble owing to their sexual interest. Further, child sexual offenses and consumption of child sexual abuse material were significantly more common among users with sexual interest in children than among users with no sexual interest in children. Additionally, the majority of the offenses were not known to legal authorities.

Conclusions

The Troubled Desire app is useful in reaching out to individuals with sexual interest in prepubescent and early pubescent children. However, future research is warranted to understand the prospective relevance of the Troubled Desire app in the prevention of child sexual offending.
Effect of Telemetric Interventions on Glycated Hemoglobin A1c and Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Meta-Review
Authors: Eberle Claudia , Stichling Stefanie
Published: December 2020

Background

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic burden, with a prevalence that is increasing worldwide. Telemetric interventions have attracted great interest and may provide effective new therapeutic approaches for improving type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) care.

Objective

The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical effectiveness of telemetric interventions on glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) specifically and T2DM management generally in a systematic meta-review.

Methods

A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science Core Collection, and EMBASE databases from January 2008 to April 2020. Studies that addressed HbA1c, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, BMI, diabetes-related and health-related quality of life, cost-effectiveness, time savings, and the clinical effectiveness of telemetric interventions were analyzed. In total, 73 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 10 systematic reviews/meta-analyses, 9 qualitative studies, 2 cohort studies, 2 nonrandomized controlled studies, 2 observational studies, and 1 noncontrolled intervention study were analyzed.

Results

Overall, 1647 citations were identified. After careful screening, 99 studies (n=15,939 patients; n=82,436 patient cases) were selected by two independent reviewers for inclusion in the review. Telemetric interventions were categorized according to communication channels to health care providers: (1) “real-time video” interventions, (2) “real-time audio” interventions, (3) “asynchronous” interventions, and (4) “combined” interventions. To analyze changes in HbA1c, suitable RCTs were pooled and the average was determined. An HbA1c decrease of –1.15% (95% CI –1.84% to –0.45%), yielding an HbA1c value of 6.95% (SD 0.495), was shown in studies using 6-month “real-time video” interventions.

Conclusions

Telemetric interventions clearly improve HbA1c values in both the short term and the long term and contribute to the effective management of T2DM. More studies need to be done in greater detail.
Classification of the Disposition of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: Reading Discharge Summaries Using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Fernandes Marta , Sun Haoqi , Jain Aayushee , Alabsi Haitham S , Brenner Laura N , Ye Elissa , Ge Wendong , Collens Sarah I , Leone Michael J , Das Sudeshna , Robbins Gregory K , Mukerji Shibani S , Westover M Brandon
Published: December 2020

Background

Medical notes are a rich source of patient data; however, the nature of unstructured text has largely precluded the use of these data for large retrospective analyses. Transforming clinical text into structured data can enable large-scale research studies with electronic health records (EHR) data. Natural language processing (NLP) can be used for text information retrieval, reducing the need for labor-intensive chart review. Here we present an application of NLP to large-scale analysis of medical records at 2 large hospitals for patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Objective

Our study goal was to develop an NLP pipeline to classify the discharge disposition (home, inpatient rehabilitation, skilled nursing inpatient facility [SNIF], and death) of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 based on hospital discharge summary notes.

Methods

Text mining and feature engineering were applied to unstructured text from hospital discharge summaries. The study included patients with COVID-19 discharged from 2 hospitals in the Boston, Massachusetts area (Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women’s Hospital) between March 10, 2020, and June 30, 2020. The data were divided into a training set (70%) and hold-out test set (30%). Discharge summaries were represented as bags-of-words consisting of single words (unigrams), bigrams, and trigrams. The number of features was reduced during training by excluding n-grams that occurred in fewer than 10% of discharge summaries, and further reduced using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regularization while training a multiclass logistic regression model. Model performance was evaluated using the hold-out test set.

Results

The study cohort included 1737 adult patients (median age 61 [SD 18] years; 55% men; 45% White and 16% Black; 14% nonsurvivors and 61% discharged home). The model selected 179 from a vocabulary of 1056 engineered features, consisting of combinations of unigrams, bigrams, and trigrams. The top features contributing most to the classification by the model (for each outcome) were the following: “appointments specialty,” “home health,” and “home care” (home); “intubate” and “ARDS” (inpatient rehabilitation); “service” (SNIF); “brief assessment” and “covid” (death). The model achieved a micro-average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value of 0.98 (95% CI 0.97-0.98) and average precision of 0.81 (95% CI 0.75-0.84) in the testing set for prediction of discharge disposition.

Conclusions

A supervised learning–based NLP approach is able to classify the discharge disposition of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. This approach has the potential to accelerate and increase the scale of research on patients’ discharge disposition that is possible with EHR data.
A Comparative and Contrastive Study on Translation Criterion Thoughts in China and the West
Authors: Tan Hua
Published: December 2020

This manuscript is a Ph.D. thesis abstract. This thesis makes an in-depth analysis of the translation criterion thoughts in China and the West.
Interest Rates and Growth of Private Domestic Investment in Kenya; Vector Autoregressive Econometric Approach
Authors: Kinyanjui Monica W , Muturi Willy , Njeru Agnes
Published: December 2020

This study sought to determine the relationship between short term interest rate, long term interest rate, and private domestic investment in Kenya using time series quarterly data spanning 1997 to 2018. Vector autoregressive model was used to estimate the relationship. The findings show that the central bank rate and lending rate significantly impact private domestic investment. The results emphasize the role of interest rate policy and monetary policy in driving domestic private investment in Kenya. The findings of this study will be of benefit to policy makers through provision of data-based evidence that will be used as a guide while making appropriate policies to encourage growth of private domestic investment in the country leading to economic growth.
Actividad física y su asociación con el estado emocional en adultos mayores con obesidad
Authors: Mejia Soria Uriel , Guerrero Morales Ana Laura , Lorenzo Colorado Ivonne , Sosa Pérez Alma Jazmín
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: determinar la actividad física y su asociación con el estado emocional en adultos de 60 a 70 años con obesidad. Métodos: estudio transversal analítico, realizado en la Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 75 del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, de mayo a julio de 2019, se incluyeron participantes mediante un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se evaluaron medidas antropométricas como: peso, talla y circunferencia abdominal para clasificar el grado de obesidad. Se aplicó el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (ipaq) y la Escala de Valoración de Estado de Ánimo (evea). Los resultados se muestran con medidas de tendencia central, frecuencias y porcentajes; se utilizó la prueba estadística χ2 , considerando un valor significativo de p<0.05 para la asociación de actividad física y estado emocional. Resultados: participaron 275 adultos, con una media de 65.1 años de edad, 39.6% fue hombres y 60.4% mujeres. Del total de la población estudiada 63.6% presentó obesidad grado I, 29.1% grado ii, 7.3% grado iii; 28.7% presentaron actividad física baja. En relación con el estado emocional, la alegría predominó en 40.7% de los casos que realizaban actividad física. Al evaluar la asociación entre actividad física baja y estado emocional alterado (depresión, ansiedad e ira) se detectó un or de 1.9 (1.1, 3.3). Conclusión: realizar actividad física baja se asocia con un estado emocional caracterizado por ansiedad, depresión e ira.
Determinación de la adherencia farmacológica en adultos mayores hipertensos
Authors: Linares Cánovas Lázaro Pablo , Linares Cánovas Liyansis Bárbara , Vitón Castillo Adrián Alejandro
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: determinar el comportamiento de la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico en adultos mayores hipertensos. Métodos: estudio transversal analítico efectuado en adultos mayores hipertensos pertenecientes al Policlínico Docente Pedro Borras Astorga, de Pinar del Río, durante 2018. El estudio de la historia de salud individual y familiar y la aplicación de instrumentos en los 298 individuos que conformaron la muestra permitió la obtención de información relacionada con las variables estudiadas, se emplearon las pruebas χ2 y Kruskal Wallis para determinar asociación entre las mismas. Resultados: 25.2% de los participantes pertenecían al grupo etario 65-69 años, el sexo femenino fue el más representativo. La mediana fue de diez años de tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad (6-14.5), 52.7% mostró polifarmacia, 89.6% asistía ocasionalmente a consulta. Tanto la edad, género, estado civil, convivencia, escolaridad, tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad, presencia de polifarmacia, asistencia a consulta y grado de conocimientos, demostraron tener una asociación estadísticamente significativa (p<0.05) con la adherencia farmacológica. Conclusión: se determinó el comportamiento de la adherencia, identificándose su asociación con variables sociodemográficas y otras vinculadas a la condición del paciente, lo que permitirá el diseño de nuevas estrategias en el primer nivel de atención para mejorar el control de dicha enfermedad y reducir las cifras de morbilidad y mortalidad para elevar la calidad de vida del paciente.
Evaluación clínica de pacientes con hiperplasia prostática benigna grado II en una unidad de medicina familiar
Authors: Jiménez Tlatenchi David Evaristo , García González Juan Edgardo , Zempoalteca Morales Alfonso
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: evaluar la evolución clínica de pacientes con hiperplasia prostática benigna grado ii en la Unidad de Medicina Familiar (umf) No. 77. Métodos: estudio longitudinal realizado de enero a octubre de 2019, se seleccionaron 206 derechohabientes de forma aleatoria sistematizada, diagnosticados con hiperplasia prostática benigna grado ii, sin antecedentes quirúrgicos del aparato urinario; para evaluar la evolución de los síntomas prostáticos se utilizó el cuestionario internacional de síntomas prostáticos (ipss) en tres ocasiones (cero, tres y seis meses). Para el análisis descriptivo se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central y para comparar los resultados la prueba McNemar. Resultados: en la primera aplicación 174 pacientes presentaron síntomas leves, 29, síntomas moderados y 3, síntomas severos; en la segunda aplicación 172, presentaron síntomas leves, 34, síntomas moderados y ninguno presentó síntomas severos; en la tercera aplicación 174, presentaron síntomas leves, 26, síntomas moderados y 6, síntomas severos. La prueba de McNemar no resultó estadísticamente significativa al comparar los tres resultados. Conclusiones: la mayoría de los pacientes estudiados con tratamiento mantuvieron síntomas prostáticos estables.
Deterioro cognoscitivo en adultos mayores con diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Zavala Rubio Juan de Dios , Compean Ortiz Lidia Guadalupe , Leal Ugarte Evelia , Meza Espinoza Juan Pablo
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: comparar la prevalencia de deterioro cognoscitivo en adultos mayores con y sin diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (dm2) en una unidad de atención primaria. Métodos: estudio transversal realizado en Ciudad Mante, Tamaulipas, México. Se utilizó un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple; se realizó el cálculo de muestra para poblaciones finitas con un nivel de confianza de 95%, se evaluaron 153 pacientes. Se tomaron como criterios de inclusión adultos mayores con y sin dm2, sin diagnóstico de deterioro cognitivo, demencia o depresión. Se aplicó la versión modificada del Mini Mental State Examination (mmse) validado en población mexicana, se realizaron análisis de estadística descriptiva e inferencial mediante χ2, un valor p<0.05 fue considerado estadísticamente significativo. Resultados: se evaluaron 153 pacientes, la media de edad fue 69.76 años (±6.82), predominó el sexo femenino con 91 participantes (60%). Todos los pacientes se dividieron en dos grupos, el primero fue en base al diagnóstico de dm2 con 80 participantes (52.3%) y el segundo, sin esta enfermedad con 73 (47.7%); de manera global, 48 pacientes se encontraban con riesgo de deterioro cognitivo, en el grupo con dm2, fue de 13.72% (n=21), mientras que en el grupo sin dm2, fue de 17.64% (n=27). No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en ninguno de los grupos (p > 0,05). Conclusión: no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas que apoyaran un predominio de deterioro cognoscitivo en pacientes con dm2, aspecto contemplado en otros estudios; se debe ahondar en otras características clínicas y el curso de vida de cada paciente a fin de establecer posibles asociaciones entre las variables de estudio.
Análise do Domínio Cognitivo Requerido do Farmacêutico Generalista nas Provas do ENADE
Authors: Ott Joice Nedel , Baron Miriam Viviane , Da Costa Bartira Ercília Pinheiro
Published: December 2020

O Exame Nacional de Desempenho de Estudantes (ENADE) tem por objetivo aferir o desempenho de estudantes em relação ao conteúdo programático previsto nas Diretrizes Curriculares. Neste estudo, analisaram-se os domínios cognitivos requeridos nas provas do ENADE de graduandos em Farmácia, sob a perspectiva da Taxonomia de Bloom Revisada (TBR). Os resultados sugerem uniformidade entre as provas segundo o Índice de Facilidade e o Índice de Discriminação, divulgados pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira. A maioria das questões do ENADE classifica-se nos níveis de maior complexidade da TBR, exigindo do aluno habilidades cognitivas condizentes com a formação requerida pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais de Graduação em Farmácia.
Kādā valodā runā diaspora? Valodas situācijas dinamika
Authors: Grosa Daina
Published: December 2020

Valsts piedāvātie dažādie atbalsta pasākumi diasporā dzīvojošām ģimenēm valodas uzturēšanas, kultūras un pilsoniskās līdzdalības jomā stiprina diasporas piederības sajūtu
Veselības aprūpe Latvijā: kāda ir ģeogrāfijas ietekme uz diasporas izvēli?
Authors: Reine Ieva
Published: December 2020

Pētījuma rezultāti liecina: iespējas veikt profilaktiskās apskates, saņemt speciālista un ģimenes ārsta konsultācijas veido ciešu saikni ar Latviju un veicina transnacionālu dzīvesveidu
Politiskā liberālisma novērtējums Latvijā
Authors: Pupčenoks Juris
Published: December 2020

2018. gadā izdotās Daces Dzenovskas grāmatas (School of Europeanness: Tolerance and Other Lessons in Political Liberalism in Latvia. Ithaka, NY : Cornell University Press) apskats.
Clinical Performance of a Novel Daily Disposable Soft Contact Lens
Authors: Cummings Stacie , Giedd Bradley , Pearson Christopher
Published: December 2020

Background and Objective: Verofilcon A (PRECISION1®; Alcon) silicone hydrogel daily disposable contact lenses were designed to address clinical issues associated with new wearer discontinuation, including vision quality, sustained comfort, and ease of handling. The present study assessed the objective and subjective performance of verofilcon A contact lenses in subjects needing optical correction for refractive ametropia.

Material and Methods: Subjects aged 18 years and older with non-diseased eyes, a history of successful soft contact lens wear for distance correction in both eyes during the previous 3 months, and a best spectacle-corrected visual acuity of 20/25 or better with a manifest cylinder of ≤ 0.75 diopters in each eye were recruited. The primary endpoint was distance visual acuity. Secondary endpoints included subjective ratings of overall vision, comfort, and handling, and safety endpoints included adverse events and biomicroscopy/slit lamp examination findings.

Results: This study recruited 70 subjects (140 eyes), aged 20–48 years, who were predominantly white (93%), non-Hispanic/Latino (94%), and female (73%); one subject discontinued due to a change in residence. Of the 140 eyes, 132 (94.3%) had 20/20 or better vision with their habitual contact lenses. Similarly, of the 138 eyes that completed the study, 136 (98.6%) had 20/20 or better vision at dispensation of verofilcon A lenses and 132 (95.7%) had 20/20 or better vision at 3 months. Mean ± SD subjective ratings of overall vision, overall comfort, and overall handling, each on a 10-point scale, were 9.4 ± 0.8, 9.4 ± 0.8, and 9.2 ± 1.3, respectively, at lens dispensing, and 9.4 ± 0.9, 9.5 ± 0.8, and 9.2 ± 1.0, respectively, at 3 months. Mean ± SD daily wear times at 1 week and 3 months were 14.71 ± 1.85 and 15.05 ± 1.27 hours, respectively, with 68.1% at 1 week and 73.9% at 3 months wearing verofilcon A lenses for 14–18 hours per day. None of the subjects experienced a serious adverse event or discontinued lens wear, with biomicroscopy/slit lamp examination showing no evidence of corneal edema or chemosis.

Conclusion: Subjects wearing verofilcon A lenses had visual acuity similar to that when wearing their habitual lens. Verofilcon A lenses were highly rated for vision quality, comfort, and handling. Verofilcon A lenses may be an option for subjects with refractive ametropia who desire lenses that can be worn for >14 hours per day and are easy to handle.