bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Charge‐Reversal Drug Conjugate for Targeted Cancer Cell Nuclear Drug Delivery
Authors: Zhou Zhuxian , Shen Youqing , Tang Jianbin , Fan Maohong , Van Kirk Edward A , Murdoch William J , Radosz Maciej
Published: September 2009

DNA‐toxin anticancer drugs target nuclear DNA or its associated enzymes to elicit their pharmaceutical effects, but cancer cells have not only membrane‐associated but also many intracellular drug‐resistance mechanisms that limit their nuclear localization. Thus, delivering such drugs directly to the nucleus would bypass the drug‐resistance barriers. The cationic polymer poly(L‐lysine) (PLL) is capable of nuclear localization and may be used as a drug carrier for nuclear drug delivery, but its cationic charges make it toxic and cause problems in in‐vivo applications. Herein, PLL is used to demonstrate a pH‐triggered charge‐reversal carrier to solve this problem. PLL's primary amines are amidized as acid‐labile β‐carboxylic amides (PLL/amide). The negatively charged PLL/amide has a very low toxicity and low interaction with cells and, therefore, may be used in vivo. But once in cancer cells' acidic lysosomes, the acid‐labile amides hydrolyze into primary amines. The regenerated PLL escapes from the lysosomes and traverses into the nucleus. A cancer‐cell targeted nuclear‐localization polymer–drug conjugate has, thereby, been developed by introducing folic‐acid targeting groups and an anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT) to PLL/amide (FA‐PLL/amide‐CPT). The conjugate efficiently enters folate‐receptor overexpressing cancer cells and traverses to their nuclei. The CPT conjugated to the carrier by intracellular cleavable disulfide bonds shows much improved cytotoxicity.
Embryonic States of Fluorapatite–Gelatine Nanocomposites and Their Intrinsic Electric‐Field‐Driven Morphogenesis: The Missing Link on the Way from Atomistic Simulations to Pattern Formation on the Mesoscale
Authors: Simon Paul , Rosseeva Elena , Buder Jana , Carrillo‐Cabrera Wilder German , Kniep Rüdiger
Published: September 2009

The shape development of fluorapatite (FAP)–gelatine nanocomposites is revealed by means of HRTEM investigations starting from molecular dimensions up to the formation of mesoscaled (elongated) hexagonal prisms. The composite nature of the aggregates is proved by IR spectroscopy and by chemical analyses on all states of shape development. The initial states are characterized by triple‐helical fiber protein bundles, which are mineralized step‐by‐step forming and fixing nanoplatelets of FAP in a mosaic arrangement. After being fully mineralized the bundles form elongated composite nanoboards. In the next step of the growth process the boards aggregate to bundles of boards which are in a more or less parallel alignment with respect to each other. By adding up more and more composite nanoboards a critical size is reached and an electric field is developed, which takes over control and directs the further development of the aggregates. This kind of electric‐field‐directed growth of the elongated polar nanoboards additionally leads to the formation and inclusion of protein nanofibrils into the growing composite aggregate. By this method, cone‐like nanofibril structures develop along the long axis of the aggregates accompanied by more perfect parallel alignment of the composite boards within the aggregates. Further shape development is characterized by adding up composite nanoboards, in particular to increase the third dimension in volume. This thickening process preferably takes place in the middle part of the elongated aggregates and finally proceeds to their basal ends until a perfect hexagonal prismatic seed is formed, which then is ready for further shape development on the micrometer scale.
Definitions of the phenotypic manifestations of sickle cell disease
Authors: Ballas Samir K. , Lieff Susan , Benjamin Lennette J. , Dampier Carlton D. , Heeney Matthew M. , Hoppe Carolyn , Johnson Cage S. , Rogers Zora R. , Smith‐Whitley Kim , Wang Winfred C. , Telen Marilyn J.
Published: September 2009

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a pleiotropic genetic disorder of hemoglobin that has profound multiorgan effects. The low prevalence of SCD (∼100,000/US) has limited progress in clinical, basic, and translational research. Lack of a large, readily accessible population for clinical studies has contributed to the absence of standard definitions and diagnostic criteria for the numerous complications of SCD and inadequate understanding of SCD pathophysiology. In 2005, the Comprehensive Sickle Cell Centers initiated a project to establish consensus definitions of the most frequently occurring complications. A group of clinicians and scientists with extensive expertise in research and treatment of SCD gathered to identify and categorize the most common complications. From this group, a formal writing team was formed that further reviewed the literature, sought specialist input, and produced definitions in a standard format. This article provides an overview of the process and describes 12 body system categories and the most prevalent or severe complications within these categories. A detailed Appendix provides standardized definitions for all complications identified within each system. This report proposes use of these definitions for studies of SCD complications, so future studies can be comparably robust and treatment efficacy measured. Use of these definitions will support greater accuracy in genotype–phenotype studies, thereby achieving a better understanding of SCD pathophysiology. This should nevertheless be viewed as a dynamic rather than final document; phenotype descriptions should be reevaluated and revised periodically to provide the most current standard definitions as etiologic factors are better understood, and new diagnostic options are developed. Am. J. Hematol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pleural plaques in dentists from occupational asbestos exposure: A report of three cases
Authors: Sichletidis L. , Spyratos D. , Chloros D. , Michailidis K. , Fourkiotou I.
Published: September 2009

Background

White asbestos (chrysotile) has been used in dentistry since 1930 when it was introduced as a lining material for casting rings.

Methods

All three patients presented with pleural plaques on chest X‐rays as well as on CT‐scans. They were working as dentists for 35–45 years. Under the instructions of the first dentist we represented precisely the whole process of manipulating a kind of paper that contained asbestos. In order to measure asbestos fibers concentration we used the membrane filter method and phase contrast optical microscopy. Dry asbestos sheets were scanned with x‐ray diffraction and electron microscope.

Results

Analysis of the filter demonstrated 0.008 fibers/cm3 during the sampling period. X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed that the material consisted of chrysotile exclusively. Electron microscope pictures confirmed the presence of chrysotile.

Conclusion

Everyday occupational exposure for many years even to low asbestos levels, under poor ventilation conditions in a closed space, could cause pleural lesions. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:926–930, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Teaching bovine abdominal anatomy: Use of a haptic simulator
Authors: Kinnison Tierney , Forrest Neil David , Frean Stephen Philip , Baillie Sarah
Published: September 2009

Traditional methods of teaching anatomy to undergraduate medical and veterinary students are being challenged and need to adapt to modern concerns and requirements. There is a move away from the use of cadavers to new technologies as a way of complementing the traditional approaches and addressing resource and ethical problems. Haptic (touch) technology, which allows the student to feel a 3D computer‐generated virtual environment, provides a novel way to address some of these challenges. To evaluate the practicalities and usefulness of a haptic simulator, first year veterinary students at the Royal Veterinary College, University of London, were taught basic bovine abdominal anatomy using a rectal palpation simulator: “The Haptic Cow.” Over two days, 186 students were taught in small groups and 184 provided feedback via a questionnaire. The results were positive; the majority of students considered that the simulator had been useful for appreciating both the feel and location of key internal anatomical structures, had helped with their understanding of bovine abdominal anatomy and 3D visualization, and the tutorial had been enjoyable. The students were mostly in favor of the small group tutorial format, but some requested more time on the simulator. The findings indicate that the haptic simulator is an engaging way of teaching bovine abdominal anatomy to a large number of students in an efficient manner without using cadavers, thereby addressing some of the current challenges in anatomy teaching. Anat Sci Educ 2: 280–285, 2009. © 2009 American Association of Anatomists
Membrane interactions of antimicrobial β‐peptides: The role of amphipathicity versus secondary structure induction
Authors: Hall Kristopher , Aguilar Marie‐Isabel
Published: September 2009

The membrane interaction of two beta peptides was studied using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor. The two peptides are β‐17, a novel β‐amino acid based antimicrobial peptide and the corresponding scrambled‐β17—a non‐antimicrobial β‐peptide analogue. Membrane interaction studies were performed with a series of phospholipid mixtures which mimic either mammalian cells (high in phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol) or microbial cells (high in phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol). The results were compared with the membrane binding of the well‐characterized antimicrobial peptide magainin 2. The secondary structure of these peptides were also determined in each lipid mixture by circular dichroism and correlated with the membrane‐binding properties. Both β‐17 and the scrambled peptide have the same peptide length, charge and showed a similar secondary structure in both aqueous buffer and in the presence of liposomes. Both peptides also bound to a similar level on each membrane mixture, showing that the dramatic difference in biological activity is not based on the amount of peptide bound but rather differences in the degree of insertion and rate of membrane dissociation. Although β‐17 and the scrambled β‐17 peptide exhibited similar binding properties on all membrane mimics, both β‐peptides bound more to all membranes compared with magainin 2. Overall, the results further reveal the significant interplay between peptide amphipathicity and secondary structure induction on membrane binding. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 92: 554–564, 2009.

This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
The effects of option framing on consumer choices: Making decisions in rational versus experiential processing modes
Authors: Biswas Dipayan
Published: September 2009

In the marketplace, consumers often encounter framed scenarios for optional product features, whereby they can add desired product options to a base model or delete undesired product options from a fully loaded model. The results of two experiments show that such option framing can influence consumers' decision making regarding the total number of finally chosen product options. Also, consumers' processing modes – rational versus experiential, can influence their choice behavior under option framing. Specifically, consumers choose a higher number of options in the delete (versus add) frame, and the effect is magnified when making decisions in an experiential mode, and it is diminished when making decisions in a rational mode. Moreover, cognitive constraints further moderate these effects.

Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of New and Selective Trypanosoma cruzi trans‐Sialidase Inhibitors from Sulfonamide Chalcones and Their Derivatives
Authors: Kim Jin Hyo , Ryu Hyung Won , Shim Jae Hoon , Park Ki Hun , Withers Stephen G.
Published: September 2009

A series of sulfonamide‐containing hydroxylated chalcone (4–7) and quinolinone (8, 9) derivatives was synthesised and tested for inhibition of the trans‐sialidase from Trypanosoma cruzi (TcTS). IC50 values for these inhibitors ranged from 0.6 to 7.3 μM, with the dihydroxylated (catechol) derivatives being the tightest binders. Full kinetic analyses of inhibition were performed for these catechol derivatives, both for the transglycosylation reaction in the presence of lactose and for the hydrolysis reaction in its absence. Competitive inhibition was seen in each case with Ki values for 5, 7 and 9 of 2.0, 2.2 and 0.2 μM, respectively, in the absence of lactose, and 4.6, 3.7 and 0.4 μM in its presence. None of the compounds tested showed any significant inhibition of the human sialidase Neu2, at concentrations up to 200 μM.
Moral cognitive correlates of empathy in juvenile delinquents
Authors: Barriga Alvaro Q. , Sullivan‐Cosetti Marilyn , Gibbs John C.
Published: September 2009

Introduction Numerous theories of anti‐social behaviour have featured lack of empathy as an essential characteristic of the anti‐social personality.

Aim To investigate the relationships between empathy and three theoretically related moral cognitive constructs: moral judgement maturity, moral identity and self‐serving cognitive distortion.

Methods Seventy‐eight adjudicated juvenile delinquents aged 13 to 21 years who had been directed by the court to attend a 10‐week empathy training programme completed self‐report measures as part of routine evaluation. Their anonymised scores were retrieved from programme records.

Results Applying zero‐order correlation, followed by regression analysis, we established that moral judgement maturity was associated with greater empathy, whereas extensive endorsement of self‐serving cognitive distortions was associated with lower empathy. An observed association between moral identity and empathy was mediated or ‘neutralised’ by self‐serving cognitive distortion.

Conclusions and implications for practice Our results suggest that interventions designed to promote empathy and curtail anti‐social behaviour should embrace strategies that facilitate moral judgement maturity and correct or counteract self‐serving cognitive distortions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Histology of highly echolucent regions in optical coherence tomography images from two patients with sirolimus‐eluting stent restenosis
Authors: Nagai Hiroyuki , Ishibashi‐Ueda Hatsue , Fujii Kenshi
Published: September 2009

We report on two patients with sirolimus‐eluting stent (SES) restenosis lesions who showed highly echolucent regions by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and who could be assessed histologically after removal by directional coronary atherectomy (DCA). One restenosis lesion had a bilayer structure of hyperechoic outer layers and highly echolucent inner layers on OCT images and histologically exhibited myxomatous neointima tissue in the highly echolucent regions; another restenosis case showed patchy and highly echolucent regions throughout the layers and its histology revealed fibrin thrombosis. We should be aware that patterns of echolucent on OCT images may have various histology. OCT allows the visualization of fine lesions that conventional intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) cannot provide. The OCT images of drug‐eluting stent restenosis lesions often show echolucent regions [Shuzoh et al., EuroInterv 2006;1:484]. However, no histological study of the lesions has been reported to date. Here we report on two patients with SES restenosis lesions that showed highly echolucent regions by OCT and that could be assessed histologically after removal by DCA. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Side‐branch wire entrapment during bifurcation PCI: Avoidance and management
Authors: Burns Andrew T. , Gutman Jack , Whitbourn Rob
Published: September 2009

An LAD/D1 bifurcation intervention was complicated by side‐branch wire entrapment and unravelling requiring goose‐neck snare removal. Residual microfilaments were retrieved from the main branch after further balloon inflations with a satisfactory final angiographic result and one‐year follow‐up. Various methods are available to avoid and deal with this complication. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Percutaneous management of a Fontan fenestration: In search for the ideal restriction—occlusion device
Authors: Boshoff Derize E. , Brown Stephen C. , Degiovanni Joseph , Stumper Oliver , Wright John , Mertens Luc , Gewillig Marc
Published: September 2009

Objective: Most devices devices available for percutaneous closure of Fontan fenestrations tend to be bulky. The aim of this study was to evaluate a low profile custom made device and assess its efficacy and safety. Patients and Methods: A 15 mm PFO star was used as the basis. The following modifications were made: removal of the left disc to reduce thrombogenicity in the left atrium, increase the length of the LA legs from 2 by 15 mm to 3 by 20 mm to prevent dislodgement and later adding a pivot between the left and right umbrella. A partial occluder was made by removing two opposite quadrants from the proximal disk. Results: Device deployment was possible in 93% (63 of 68) patients. In five patients, the device could not be deployed and an alternative device was used. In 45 patients complete closure of the fenestration was obtained and saturations increased from 84% ± 4% to 95% ± 2% (P < 001). In 18 high risk patients with suboptimal Fontan circulation, a modified device was used to effect partial occlusion: saturations increased from 79% ± 7% to 90% ± 4% (P < 0.001); a residual shunt persisted in most patients for several months. No thrombotic events were recorded during follow‐up. Conclusions: The modified PFO star device can safely be deployed in Fontan patients to occlude or restrict flow through a fenestration. It has a low profile with minimal foreign material, is non‐obstructive and minimally thrombogenic. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical outcomes of drug‐eluting versus bare‐metal in‐stent restenosis
Authors: Singh Inder M. , Filby Steven J. , Sakr Fredy El , Gorodeski Eiran Z. , Lincoff A. Michael , Ellis Stephen G. , Shishehbor Mehdi H.
Published: September 2009

In‐stent restenosis (ISR) is a challenging syndrome that affects drug‐eluting stents and bare‐metal stents. However, data comparing the outcomes of drug‐eluting versus bare‐metal ISR are limited. Our objective was to evaluate the long‐term clinical outcomes of drug‐eluting versus bare‐metal ISR. Patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention at Cleveland Clinic for ISR from 05/1999 to 06/2007 were included. Unadjusted outcomes were tested using Kaplan‐Meier curves followed by multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards analyses. Twenty seven variables, including type of stent used to treat ISR and procedural date, were included. The primary end point was a composite of death, myocardial infarction (MI), or target lesion revascularization (TLR). The secondary endpoints were components of the primary endpoint. Of 931 patients identified, 225 had drug‐eluting ISR and 706 had bare‐metal ISR. There were 279 cumulative events for a median follow‐up of 3.2 years. The primary endpoint was not different between drug eluting and bare‐metal ISR (22% versus 33%, adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79–1.66; P = 0.49). The secondary endpoints of death (8% versus 16%, adjusted HR 1.05; 95% CI, 0.56–1.98; P = 0.88), MI (4% versus 5%, adjusted HR 1.48; 95% CI, 0.54–4.04; P = 0.45), and TLR (15% versus 16%, adjusted HR 1.30; 95% CI, 0.81–2.11; P = 0.28) were also not different. This study represents the largest analysis comparing drug‐eluting to bare‐metal ISR. On multivariable Cox proportional hazard analyses, drug‐eluting and bare‐metal ISR have similar long term outcomes. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Current balloon‐expandable transcatheter heart valve and delivery systems
Authors: Nietlispach Fabian , Wijesinghe Namal , Wood David , Carere Ronald G. , Webb John G.
Published: September 2009

Objectives: Transcatheter valve and valve delivery systems are undergoing rapid evolution. We describe the current generation balloon‐expandable valve and delivery systems. Background and Methods: The SAPIEN XT valve represents the newest generation balloon‐expandable aortic bioprosthesis. A cobalt‐chromium alloy frame and additional design modifications facilitate a reduction in delivery profile while maintaining structural integrity, hemodynamics, and durability. The RetroFlex 3™ delivery system represents the latest clinically available delivery system. It incorporates a fixed, tapered, and deflecting crossing tip to facilitate atraumatic introduction and a rapid inflation lumen to reduce valve motion during deployment. The NovaFlex™ delivery system represents the next generation delivery catheter. When used in conjunction with the SAPIEN XT™ valve and a specially constructed introducer sheath the inner and the outer diameters are 18 and 21 F, respectively. Results: The RetroFlex 3 delivery system was utilized in nine patients and the NovaFlex delivery system in four. The valve implanted was the SAPIEN in six and the SAPIEN XT valve in seven. Implantation was successful in all patients. A reduction in device movement during balloon deployment was apparent as compared with earlier delivery systems. Aortic mean gradient fell from 45.6 (±15.1) mm Hg to 13.2 (±5.1) mm Hg, valve area rose from 0.68 (±0.19) to 1.5 (±0.28) cm2. No patient had more than mild paravalvular regurgitation. Conclusion: Transcatheter valves and delivery systems continue to improve in terms of profile and ease of use. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Coarctation of the aorta treated with the Advanta V12 large diameter stent: Acute results
Authors: Bruckheimer Elchanan , Birk Einat , Santiago Raul , Dagan Tamir , Esteves Carlos , Pedra Carlos A.C.
Published: September 2009

Objectives: To report on the early results of treatment of coarctation of the aorta by dilation with a new polytetrafluoroethylene covered stent. Background: Transcatheter dilation of aortic coarctation carries the risk of aneurysm or rupture. Covered stent implantation reduces this risk but requires a large delivery system. The Advanta V12 LD covered stent is premounted and requires a 9–11 Fr delivery system. Methods: Covered stents on balloons of a diameter sufficient to anchor the stent in the coarctation were implanted using the smallest available delivery system. Secondary dilation with larger diameter balloons was performed until the pressure gradient was <20 mm Hg and the stent was opposed to the aortic wall. Results: Twenty‐five patients with aortic coarctation underwent stent implantation. Coarctation diameter increased from (6.3 ± 3.5) mm to (14.4 ± 2.3) mm (P < 0.0001). Peak pressure gradient decreased from (25.3 ± 11.6) mm Hg to (2.5 ± 3.0) mm Hg (P < 0.0001). The stent achieved the desired diameter in all cases. There were no complications. At short‐term median follow‐up of 4.9 months, all patients are alive and well with no evidence of recoarctation or aneurysm. Conclusions: These initial results show that the covered Advanta V12LD stent is safe and effective in the immediate treatment of coarctation of the aorta through a low profile delivery system of 8–11 Fr. Long term follow up is required. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects using a novel wire‐maintaining technique
Authors: Gu Ming‐Biao , You Xiao‐Hua , Zhao Xian‐Xian , Zheng Xing , Li Wei‐Ping , Qin Yong‐Wen
Published: September 2009

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the clinical feasibility and safety of a novel wire‐maintaining technique (WMT) for transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects (PmVSDs). Background: Transcatheter device closure of PmVSDs has been increasingly performed and this procedure is now offered as primary therapy at many institutions. Methods: A total of 103 patients with complex PmVSDs were randomized to either the conventional technique (CT) group (n = 51) or the WMT group (n = 52). In the CT group, the track wire was withdrawn before the occluder insertion and deployment. If inappropriate, the initial occluder was withdrawn and the “arteriovenous wire loop” was re‐established. In the WMT group, the track wire was maintained in the delivery sheath during the procedure. If the initial occluder was inappropriate, the delivery sheath could be reintroduced over the maintained wire. Results: For those patients who could not achieve optimal results with the initially selected occluders and required further device replacement, the procedure and fluoroscope time was reduced significantly in the WMT group compared with the CT group ([50.8 ± 13.2] min vs. [61.5 ± 15.4] min, P < 0.01 and [21.6 ± 8.6] min vs. [27.3 ± 7.4] min, P < 0.05; respectively). There was no difference in the incidence of complications of two groups. Conclusions: The WMT was feasible and safe for the transcatheter treatment of PmVSDs, especially for those complex defects with great challenge. Using this novel technique, the reconstruction of “arteriovenous wire loop” could be avoided in patients requiring device replacement. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Indications and clinical outcomes for below knee endovascular therapy: Review article
Authors: Graziani Lanfroi , Piaggesi Alberto
Published: September 2009

Chronic critical limb ischemia (CLI) still represents the most common cause for amputation and frequently the possibility for peripheral revascularization, particularly in below knee (BK) arteries, is not adequately evaluated before amputation. This may also be due to the fact that even today, there's some confusion about results of the endovascular treatment in this territory. Diabetics, representing the population most frequently affected by CLI, have specific clinical characteristics, the so called diabetic foot syndrome, which cannot be compared with the situation in nondiabetic patients with ischemic ulcers. Measuring the success of BK endovascular therapy can be a difficult issue, considering that it is often the work of a multidisciplinary team. The clinical benefit of BK endovascular therapy often shows a large discrepancy from the primary patency. While ulcer healing, limb salvage, and reintervention rates are usually low after BK endovascular therapy, rates of restenosis remain excessively high. Nevertheless, the positive impact of revascularization on mortality, which mainly depends on the major amputation rate reduction, is also evident. This review article summarizes indications and clinical outcomes after BK endovascular therapy with special attention to the role of diabetes mellitus in patients with CLI. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intramolecular Spin Alignment within Mono‐Oxidized and Photoexcited Anthracene‐Based π Radicals as Prototypical Photomagnetic Molecular Devices: Relationships Between Electrochemical, Photophysical, and Photochemical Control Pathways
Authors: Matsumoto Isao , Ciofini Ilaria , Lainé Philippe P. , Teki Yoshio
Published: September 2009

AnOV is a π‐conjugated radical built from an anthracene (An) unit linked by a p‐phenylene to an oxoverdazyl (OV) moiety. The mono‐oxidized (cationic) form of AnOV was generated both electrochemically and photochemically (in the presence of an electron acceptor). The triplet nature (S=1) of the electronic ground state of AnOV+ was demonstrated by combining spectroelectrochemistry, electron‐spin resonance (ESR) experiments, and ab initio molecular orbital (MO) calculations. The intramolecular spin alignment (ISA) within AnOV+ results from the ferromagnetic coupling (Jelectrochem>0) of the two unpaired electrons located on the oxidized electron donor (An+) and on the pendant OV radical. The spin‐density distribution pattern of AnOV+ is akin to that of AnOV when photopromoted (AnOV*) to its high‐spin (HS) lowest excited quartet (S=3/2) state. This high‐spin state results from the ferromagnetic coupling (Jphotophys>0) of the triplet locally excited state of An (3An*) with the doublet ground state of OV. As a shared salient feature, AnOV+ and AnOV* (HS) show a spin delocalization within the domain of activated An in either An+ or 3An* (nexus states) forms. The present study essentially contributes to establish and clarify relationships between electrochemical, photophysical, and photochemical pathways to achieve ISA processes within AnOV. In particular, we discuss the impact of the spin polarization of the unpaired electron of OV on electronic features of the An electron‐donating subunit. Close analysis of this polarizing interplay allows one to derive a novel functional paradigm to manipulate electron spins at the intramolecular level with light and under an external magnetic field. Indeed, two original functional elements are identified: light‐triggered donors of spin‐polarized electrons and spin‐selective electron acceptors, which are of potential interest for molecular spintronics.
Reducing GaH and GaC Bonds in Close Proximity to Oxidizing Peroxo Groups: Conflicting Properties in Single Molecules
Authors: Uhl Werner , Reza Halvagar Mohammad , Claesener Michael
Published: September 2009

Treatment of [Li(H2Ga{CH(SiMe3)2}2)]⋅2 OEt2 (1⋅2 OEt2) with two equivalents of tert‐butyl hydrogen peroxide, H‐O‐O‐CMe3, afforded the organogallium peroxide [({(Me3Si)2HC}2Ga(OH)(OOCMe3)Li)2] (3), which possesses oxidizing peroxo groups in close proximity to reducing GaC bonds. The lithium atoms of the dimeric formula units are coordinated by both oxygen atoms of the peroxides and by two hydroxo groups. The cleavage of the GaC bond was not observed, even when an excess of H‐O‐O‐CMe3 was applied. Instead, the adduct [{(Me3Si)2HC}2Ga(OH)(OOCMe3)2Li2(HOOCMe3)] (4) was isolated, which has an intact H‐O‐O‐CMe3 molecule terminally attached to lithium. A similar structural motif was found for the compound [(LiOOCMe3)2(HOOCMe3)2] (5). The trihydrido gallanate [Li(H3Ga{CH(SiMe3)2})]⋅OEt2 (2) yielded the unique peroxide [({(Me3Si)2HC}Ga(H)(OOCMe3)2Li)2] (6) under similar conditions that possesses GaC and even more reactive GaH bonds beside peroxo groups. It decomposed at room temperature by the insertion of oxygen atoms into the GaH bonds and the formation of [({(Me3Si)2HC}Ga(OH)(OCMe3)(OOCMe3)Li)2] (7), which was isolated in a low yield. Further decomposition gave the complete degradation of all peroxo groups with the formation of a relatively complicated Li4Ga4O8 cage (8).
Enantiopure Aminopyrans by a Lewis Acid Promoted Rearrangement of 1,2‐Oxazines: Versatile Building Blocks for Oligosaccharide and Sugar Amino Acid Mimetics
Authors: Al‐Harrasi Ahmed , Pfrengle Fabian , Prisyazhnyuk Vladimir , Yekta Shahla , Koóš Peter , Reissig Hans‐Ulrich
Published: September 2009

1,3‐Dioxolanyl‐substituted 1,2‐oxazines, such as syn‐1 and anti‐1, rearrange under Lewis acidic conditions to provide bicyclic products 2–5. Subsequent reductive transformations afforded enantiopure 3‐aminopyran derivatives such as 7 and 9 or their protected diastereomers 16 and 18, which can be regarded as carbohydrate mimetics. An alternative sequence of transformations including selective oxidation of the primary hydroxyl groups in 21 and 24 led to two protected β‐amino acid derivatives with carbohydrate‐like backbone (sugar amino acids). Treatment of bicyclic ester 23 with samarium diiodide cleaved the NO bond and furnished the unusual β‐lactam 27 in excellent yield. Alternatively, γ‐amino acid derivative 29 was efficiently prepared in a few steps. Fairly simple transformations gave azides 32 and 35 or alkyne 30 which are suitable substrates for the construction of oligosaccharide mimetics such as 34 by copper iodide catalyzed cycloadditions. With this report we demonstrate that enantiopure rearrangement products 2–5 are protected precursors of a variety of polyfunctionalized pyran derivatives with great potential for chemical biology.
Acid‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Terpenes Under Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Conditions as Probed Through Stereoisotopic Studies: A Concerted Process with Competing Preorganized Chair and Boat Transition States
Authors: Raptis Christos , Lykakis Ioannis N. , Tsangarakis Constantinos , Stratakis Manolis
Published: September 2009

Based on stereoisotopic studies and β‐secondary isotope effects, we propose that the acid‐catalyzed cyclization of geranyl acetate proceeds through a concerted mechanism. Under heterogeneous conditions (zeolite Y confinement), a preorganized chairlike transition state predominates, whereas under homogeneous conditions the boat‐ and chairlike transition states are almost isoenergetic. For the case of farnesyl acetate, we propose that under homogeneous conditions a concerted dicyclization occurs with a preorganized boat–chair transition state competing with the chair–chair transition state. Under zeolite confinement conditions, the chair–chairlike dicyclization transition state is highly favorable. The preference of chairlike transition states within the cavities of zeolite Y is attributed to a transition state shape selectivity effect.
Soft‐Chemical Exfoliation Route to Layered Cobalt Oxide Monolayers and Its Application for Film Deposition and Nanoparticle Synthesis
Authors: Kim Tae Woo , Oh Eun‐Jin , Jee Ah‐Young , Lim Seung Tae , Park Dae Hoon , Lee Minyung , Hyun Sang‐Hoon , Choy Jin‐Ho , Hwang Seong‐Ju
Published: September 2009

A colloidal suspension of exfoliated, layered cobalt oxide nanosheets has been synthesized through the intercalation of quaternary tetramethylammonium ions into protonated lithium cobalt oxide. According to atomic force microscopy, exfoliated nanosheets of layered cobalt oxide show a plateau‐like height profile with nanometer‐level height, underscoring the formation of unilamellar 2D nanosheets. The exfoliation of layered cobalt oxide was cross‐confirmed by X‐ray diffraction, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The maintenance of the hexagonal in‐plane structure of the cobalt oxide lattice after the exfoliation process was evidenced by selected‐area electron diffraction and Co K‐edge X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure analysis. The zeta‐potential measurements clearly demonstrated the negative surface charge of cobalt oxide nanosheets. Adopting the nanosheets of layered cobalt oxide as a precursor, we were able to prepare the monodisperse CoO nanocrystals with a particle size of ≈10 nm as well as the heterolayered film composed of cobalt oxide monolayer and polycation.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrated Alkali Metal and Ammonium Salts of the [P2Se6]4‐ Anion.
Authors: Rothenberger Alexander , Malliakas Christos D. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Variant of Highly Symmetric Layered Perovskite with Coordinated NO3‐ Ligand: Hydrothermal Synthesis, Structure, and Characterization of Cs2PbCl2(NO3)2.
Authors: Kim Min Kyung , Jo Vinna , Ok Kang Min
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: BaNbO(IO3)5: A New Polar Material with a Very Large SHG Response.
Authors: Sun Chuan‐Fu , Hu Chun‐Li , Xu Xiang , Ling Ji‐Bei , Hu Ting , Kong Fang , Long Xi‐Fa , Mao Jiang‐Gao
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural, Photophysical and Photocatalytic Properties of New Bi2SbVO7 under Visible Light Irradiation.
Authors: Luan Jingfei , Pan Bingcai , Paz Yaron , Li Yongmei , Wu Xiaoshan , Zou Zhigang
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bi3Mn3O11: A New KSbO3‐Type Random Ferrimagnet with High TC.
Authors: Belik Alexei A. , Takayama‐Muromachi Eiji
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantiospecific Synthesis and Allylation of All‐Carbon‐Substituted α‐Chiral Allylic Stannanes.
Authors: Schmidtmann Eric S. , Oestreich Martin
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: TfNH2 as Achiral Hydrogen‐Bond Donor Additive to Enhance the Selectivity of a Transition Metal Catalyzed Reaction. Highly Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Rhodium‐Catalyzed Cyclopropanation of Alkenes Using α‐Cyano Diazoacetamide.
Authors: Marcoux David , Azzi Soula , Charette Andre B.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Liquid Promoted Regio‐ and Stereoselective Addition of Thiols to Alkynes and Alkenes under Organic Solvent‐Free Condition — A Green Reaction.
Authors: Ranu Brindaban C. , Chattopadhyay Kalicharan , Ghosh Sudip , Jana Ranjan
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Knoevenagel Condensation Catalyzed by 2‐Hydroxyethylammonium Acetate under Solvent‐Free Conditions at Room Temperature.
Authors: Zhou Zhongqiang , Yuan Jiangyong , Yang Rong
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Step Direct Conversion of Heterocyclic Aldehydes to Esters.
Authors: Goswami Shyamaprosad , Hazra Anita
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Formation of a Carbon—Nitrogen Bond at the β Position of Saturated Ketones.
Authors: Ueno Satoshi , Shimizu Ryosuke , Kuwano Ryoichi
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile and Efficient Enantioselective Strecker Reaction of Ketimines by Chiral Sodium Phosphate.
Authors: Shen Ke , Liu Xiaohua , Cai Yunfei , Lin Lili , Feng Xiaoming
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Amine Deallyl‐ and Debenzylation with Alkali Metal in Silica Gel (M‐SG).
Authors: Nandi Partha , Dye James L. , Jackson James E.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Mild Copper‐Mediated Glaser‐Type Coupling Reaction under the Novel CuI/NBS/DIPEA Promoting System.
Authors: Li Lingjun , Wang Jiuxia , Zhang Guisheng , Liu Qingfeng
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt/Rhodium Heterobimetallic Nanoparticle‐Catalyzed Oxidative Carbonylation of Amines in the Presence of Carbon Monoxide and Molecular Oxygen to Ureas.
Authors: Park Ji Hoon , Yoon Jae Chun , Chung Young Keun
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst‐Free, Efficient, and Facile Conversion of Epoxides to β‐Hydroxy Thiocyanates under Neutral Conditions.
Authors: Aghapour Ghasem , Hatefipour Razieh
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Families of Enantiopure Cyclohexenone cis‐Diol, o‐Quinol Dimer and Hydrate Metabolites from Dioxygenase‐Catalyzed Dihydroxylation of Phenols.
Authors: Boyd Derek R. , Sharma Narain D. , Malone John F. , Allen Christopher C. R.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: TTMPP‐Catalyzed Addition of Alkynes Using Trimethylsilylacetylenes.
Authors: Matsukawa S. , Sekine I.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: InBr3‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Reaction: A Facile Synthesis of Propargyl Amines.
Authors: Yadav J. S. , Reddy B. V. Subba , Gopal A. V. Hara , Patil K. S.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Coupling Reaction of Aldimine, Alkyne, and Dimethylzinc via Dimerization of Butadiene.
Authors: Kimura Masanari , Togawa Mariko , Tatsuyama Yasushi , Matsufuji Kimiko
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Copper‐Catalyzed Coupling of Aryl Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides with Aqueous Ammonia.
Authors: Xu Hanhui , Wolf Christian
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Lentinus strigellus: A New Versatile Stereoselective Biocatalyst for the Bioreduction of Prochiral Ketones.
Authors: Barros‐Filho Bartholomeu A. , de Oliveira Maria da Conceicao F. , Lemos Telma L. G. , de Mattos Marcos C. , de Gonzalo Gonzalo , Gotor‐Fernandez Vicente , Gotor Vicente
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(II) Acetate‐Mediated Cross‐Coupling of Phenylboronic Acids with Aryloximes: Synthesis of O‐Aryloximes.
Authors: Feng Xing‐Hua , Zhang Guo‐Zhen , Chen Cheng‐Qun , Yang Ming‐Yu , Xu Xiao‐Yun , Huang Guo‐Sheng
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A General and Convenient Catalytic Synthesis of Nitriles from Amides and Silanes.
Authors: Zhou Shaolin , Junge Kathrin , Addis Daniele , Das Shoubhik , Beller Matthias
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Aryl Transfer to Thionium Ions in an Approach to α‐Arylacetamides.
Authors: Ovens Caroline , Vogel Johannes C. , Martin Nathaniel G. , Procter David J.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stille Cross‐Coupling Reactions with Tin Reagents Supported on Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Pham Phuoc Dien , Vitz Juergen , Chamignon Cecile , Martel Arnaud , Legoupy Stephanie
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.