bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Barriers and facilitators to quality HS biologic care and outcomes for the Medicaid population across US states
Authors: Daveluy Steven , Brooks Brindley , Hazelett Brent , Hamzavi Iltefat , Okoye Ginette A. , Bush Laura , Espy Jasmine I. , Marchi Danuta , Rudberg Matthew , Oh Tae , Goldberg Stephanie
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by painful skin lesions and dermal abscesses.1 US-based patients with HS are often covered by Medicaid (21.6–31.0%)2–5 with substantial state-by-state variations in coverage. Barriers to accessing biologics for HS may delay treatment and worsen patient outcomes. Here, we report differences in Medicaid criteria to access biologic care for HS across all 50 US states.
Procedure/study: A qualitative review of the Medicaid Utilization Management (UM) policies for biologic use in HS was conducted. Data were collected from the Medicaid UM policies, Medicaid websites, and Managed Medicaid UM policies of each state in February 2024. All 50 states were analyzed; barriers to access and discrepancies across state Medicaid UM policies were identified, and opportunities to address these discrepancies in the form of an HS coalition were recognized. The analysis stratified the Medicaid UM criteria for each state for treatment with a biologic (adalimumab/secukinumab) into no or low, medium, and high barrier levels. For high barrier level states, comparison with UM criteria for psoriasis was made.
Results: Overall, the UM policies varied widely, and burdensome barriers to biologic care were identified in some states. In total, 40 states had no or low barrier criteria; states with low barrier criteria required an HS diagnosis and a prescription, or inadequate responses to ≥1 therapy (steroids/antibiotics). Alabama, Kentucky, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Washington had medium barrier criteria and generally required an HS diagnosis and failure with ≥2 therapies. Here, criteria may be reduced to align with low barrier states. Iowa and Oklahoma had high barrier criteria. Both required ≥3 abscesses or inflammatory nodules, an HS diagnosis with Hurley Stage II/III, and failure with ≥2 therapies. In Iowa, eligible requests received three months treatment, with additional authorizations conditional upon ≥50% reduction in abscess and nodule count. The approval criteria of biologics for psoriasis were less stringent than HS in Iowa and Oklahoma, including fewer criteria items and therapy failures: Iowa ≥2 vs ≥3; Oklahoma ≥1 vs ≥2.
Conclusion: Substantial state-by-state variations in Medicaid criteria were observed, with ten out of 50 states having medium to high barriers to accessing biologics. Large disparities in criteria for access to biologic care between psoriasis and HS were observed in two states. These barriers and discrepancies represent opportunities for an HS coalition at the state level, to improve access to care and patient outcomes.6
Real-world safety of spesolimab in generalized pustular psoriasis: Evidence from an expanded access program in Argentina
Authors: Galimberti María Laura , Lapadula María , Veira Rosana , Pillai Nichiren , Sani Simões Rafael , Castelli Ana Rodriguez , Dominguez Natalia , Vilchez Glenda , Sheridan Lucas , Weatherill Amy , Ding Xuemei
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a heterogeneous, systemic, neutrophilic, inflammatory disease associated with chronic symptoms and periods of flaring. Spesolimab is an anti-interleukin-36 receptor monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of flares in adult patients with GPP in Argentina (17 Aug 2023).1 Here, we present safety data from a real-world expanded access program (EAP: 22 Feb 2023–10 Jan 2024) in Argentina which provided early access to spesolimab intravenous (IV) for GPP patients presenting with a flare with no other treatment options. Methods: Patients (18–75 years old) diagnosed with GPP received a 900mg dose of spesolimab IV for flare treatment, with an optional second dose after 1 week for persistent flare symptoms. Adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs), and AEs of special interest (AESIs) were recorded for up to 16 weeks after the last spesolimab infusion.Results: Six female patients were treated with spesolimab IV (1 dose, n=2; 2 doses, n=4).Mean (standard deviation [SD]) age: 49.3 (11.5) years (range: 30–60 years), mean (SD) body mass index: 28.1 (5.8) kg/m2, and mean (SD) follow-up: 3.85 (0.11) months. At baseline, GPP had been diagnosed within ≤1 year (n=2), >1–≤5 years (n=1), and >10 years (n=3). Reported flare triggers were stress (n=2), treatment withdrawal (n=1), heat (n=1), lack of current treatment efficacy (n=1), and unknown (n=1). At baseline, 4 patients had ≥1 comorbidity, including hypertension (n=2), tachycardia, hypothyroidism, chronic gastritis, arthritis, and epilepsy (each n=1). Five patients reported use of ≥1 concomitant medication (including immunosuppressants and corticosteroids) during the EAP; 1 patient had discontinued ustekinumab (biologic). Three patients had signs of plaque psoriasis within the past year and had received treatment for plaque psoriasis; 1 patient had ongoing plaque psoriasis. In total, 4 patients had any AEs (all 4 patients had mild AEs [influenza, catarrh, pruritis, rash, pain] and 1 of these patients also had a moderate AE [headache]). Two drug-related AEs (pruritus and rash) were reported in 1 patient. The hypersensitivity event (rash) was non-serious. There were no reports of SAEs, AESIs, or AEs that led to discontinuation/death.
Conclusion: Spesolimab showed a favorable safety profile in patients with GPP, including patients with comorbidities and those taking concomitant medication. Findings were comparable with a Phase 2a randomized controlled trial in patients with GPP flares (EFFISAYIL 1).
To evaluate and compare the effect of diabetes and complete denture wearing on the occurrence of Mucor isolates in edentulous geriatric patients
Authors: Yadav Kanchan , Yadav Bhupender , Malhotra Taniya , Sardar Moumita , Nagpal Abhishek , Shetty Omkar
Published: November 2024

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to explore the impact of diabetes and complete denture use on the presence of Mucor isolates in edentulous geriatric patients.

Material and Methods:

Intraoral swab samples were collected using a sterile culture device, focusing on the center of the hard palate for all patient groups. Immediately after collection, each sample was immersed in a sterile culture-collecting device containing normal saline to prevent swab drying. Subsequently, these swabs were isolated and cultured in Sabouraud’s dextrose agar medium at a temperature range of 25–30°C.

Results:

Statistical analysis using the Chi-square test revealed no Mucor isolates in any of the four groups. However, the combination of diabetes and complete denture use led to the isolation of other commensal fungi in 65% of samples, contrasting with the non-diabetic, non-denture-wearing group where this occurrence was only 5%.

Conclusion:

The study concluded that there was no observable correlation between the occurrence of Mucor isolates in edentulous geriatric patients, irrespective of complete denture use, or diabetic status. Nevertheless, the coexistence of diabetes and complete denture use significantly increased the presence of opportunistic fungi in the oral cavity compared to non-diabetic, non-denture-wearing patients.
A rare case of spinal myeloid sarcoma
Authors: Deconinck Wouter , Bamps Sven , Steelandt Thomas , Wissels Maarten , Plazier Mark , Put Eric , Achahbar Salah-Eddine , Vanvolsem Steven , Meeuws Sacha , Klein Sam , Roosen Gert
Published: November 2024

Background:

Myeloid sarcoma (MS), a rare extramedullary tumor composed of myeloid blast cells, is classified by the World Health Organization as a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Isolated, primary, or nonleukemic MS has an incidence of 2/1,000,000 adults and constitutes only 0.7% of all AML cases. MS presentations vary widely, with spinal involvement being rare.

Case Description:

A-year-old male presented with interscapular pain radiating to the right upper arm/neck but was neurologically intact. Once diagnosed with isolated spinal MS, he underwent a surgical decompression followed by local irradiation, systemic chemotherapy, and bone marrow transplantation. Eight months postoperatively, however, he experienced a graft-versus-host rejection and required additional therapies.

Conclusion:

Establishing the diagnosis of MS is challenging and typically requires histological confirmation (i.e., the presence of myeloblasts and granulocytic cells). However, optimal treatment strategies remain elusive; despite radiation, chemotherapy, bone marrow transplant/other local therapies, the overall long-term prognosis for MS remains poor.
Giant cerebellar neurocysticercosis masquerading a primary central nervous system neoplasm – A case report with review of literature
Authors: Singh Kavindra , Singh Rahul , Sihag Rakesh K. , Kumar Arvind
Published: November 2024

Background:

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is one of the leading parasitic infections of the brain. Giant NCC is rare, with only two cases of cerebellar involvement reported till now. In the presence of a host immune response, these giant NCCs can mimic primary central nervous system neoplasms. The objective of this article is to report a rare case of giant cerebellar NCC and its management strategy with a literature review.

Case Description:

A young male presented with a giant cerebellar ring-enhancing mass with features of raised intracranial pressure, and surgical excision was done. The patient made an uneventful recovery.

Conclusion:

Surgical excision is safe for NCC, especially in the presence of a diagnostic dilemma.
Drug-resistant BRAF V600E-mutant recurrent pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, CNS WHO Grade 3 successfully resolved with incidental discontinuation of combined BRAF and MEK inhibitor therapy
Authors: Inoue Hirotaka , Kuroda Jun-Ichiro , Fujioka Yutaka , Hata Nobuhiro , Mizoguchi Masahiro , Yoshii Daiki , Sueyoshi Hiroyuki , Takeshima Yuki , Fujimoto Kenji , Shinojima Naoki , Sunami Kuniko , Mikami Yoshiki , Nakamura Hideo , Mukasa Akitake
Published: November 2024

Background:

Combination therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitor holds promise for treating gliomas harboring the BRAF V600E mutation; however, the development of acquired resistance remains a challenge.

Case Description:

We describe a case of repeated recurrent BRAF-mutant pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (central nervous system World Health Organization grade 3) treated with combination therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitor. The patient received dabrafenib (BRAF inhibitor) and trametinib (MEK inhibitor); however, she developed resistance to the combination therapy. Remarkably, incidental drug discontinuation contributed to the disappearance of the resistant tumor. The same phenomenon was repeatedly observed after that. Genetic analysis demonstrated that the resistant tumor had BRAF V600E amplification; the resistant tumor remained BRAF→MEK→ERK pathway dependent, and drug resistance might be due to elevated BRAF V600E expression. We speculated that ERK1/2 signal extremes caused by the discontinuation of the combination therapy affected the resistant tumor survival.

Conclusion:

This case study provides important insights into novel treatment strategies and their underlying mechanisms for gliomas with BRAF mutations.
Combined transpetrosal-transtentorial approach with occipital artery – anterior inferior cerebellar artery bypass and aneurysm clipping for a lower basilar artery aneurysm involving anterior inferior cerebellar artery: Two-dimensional operative video
Authors: Duangprasert Gahn , Ota Nakao , Noda Kosumo , Tanikawa Rokuya
Published: November 2024

Background:

Aneurysms of the lower basilar artery (BA) are rare, accounting for <1% of all intracranial aneurysms. This location has been described as “No man’s land” since it poses a potential challenge for microsurgery. Recently, endovascular treatment has become an alternative option; however, there are some disadvantages regarding the obliteration rate, patency of the parent, and perforating arteries.

Case Description:

We present the case of a 69-year-old female with an incidentally found lower BA aneurysm. The imaging examinations revealed a wide-neck aneurysm size of 8.5 mm arising just distal to the vertebrobasilar junction, with involvement of the left anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA). After a discussion with the patient, she opted to undergo the surgical treatment. We described the detailed steps of our surgical techniques in performing a combined transpetrosal-transtentorial approach. First, the occipital artery (OA) was harvested. Then, the posterior transpetrosal (retrolabyrinthine) and a far-lateral suboccipital approach were conducted with tentorial sectioning to expose the aneurysm. After AICA was confirmed to arise from the aneurysm sac, the OAAICA bypass was established to ensure AICA patency, followed by complete aneurysm clipping. The approach provided both the presigmoid and retrosigmoid corridors for bypass and clipping procedures, respectively. The patient tolerated the procedure well. Postoperative imaging examinations showed complete aneurysm obliteration and bypass patency without complications. She was discharged without neurological deficits (modified Rankin Scale 0).

Conclusion:

The combined transpetrosal approach is safe and effective for revascularization and clipping procedure for a lower BA aneurysm.
ЗЕМЛЕЕМКОСТЬ КАК ФАКТОР РОСТА ОБЪЕМА ПРОИЗВОДСТВА СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ КУЛЬТУР
Authors: Н.А. Алексеева , В.А. Соколов , Н.П. Федорова
Published: November 2024

Рассматриваются методологические и методические подходы к эффективности использования земель в сельском хозяйстве. Приведены определения и основные методики расчета базовых показателей экономической эффективности – землеотдачи и землеемкости. Предложена авторская методика факторного анализа полной производственной себестоимости сельскохозяйственных культур с участием фактора землеемкости. Описана общая посевная площадь, структура посевных площадей, урожайность культур, выход продукции и землеемкость в Удмуртской Республике. Определены размеры и тенденции в изменении землеемкости. Выявлены величины структурной и рациональной землеемкости культур. Обоснованы резервы роста объема выпущенной продукции растениеводства за счет структурной землеемкости. Сделан вывод об исчерпании резервов землеемкости, рекомендовано расширение посевных площадей, а также более интенсивное наращивание других факторов производства. Методика факторного анализа полной производственной себестоимости с участием фактора землеемкости может быть востребована органами власти для совершенствования сельскохозяйственной политики.
ИННОВАЦИОННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ ЕДИНЫХ ТЕПЛОСНАБЖАЮЩИХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ
Authors: В.В. Глазкова
Published: November 2024

В компетенции одного из субъектов теплоснабжения – единой теплоснабжающей организации - находится модернизация и технологическое развитие теплоснабжения, а также разработка стратегических программ развития теплоснабжения на закрепленной территории, что позволяет рассматривать деятельность единых теплоснабжающих организаций в разрезе их инновационного развития. Рассмотренные в статье реализованные на практике примеры инновационного развития единых теплоснабжающих организаций, подтверждают тезис о том, что данный субъект теплоснабжения должен стать центром, отвечающим за модернизацию и инновационное развитие отрасли, что будет способствовать повышению эффективности её деятельности.
Вопросы кадрового обеспечения и финансирования инновационной деятельности малых предприятий
Authors: Ю.С. Коробова , С.Н. Яшин
Published: November 2024

В качестве целей исследования выступает анализ современных тенденций и разработка комплекса мер по решению проблем кадрового обеспечения и финансирования инновационного развития малых предприятий. В статье обосновывается значимость малого предпринимательства в экономике, инновационном развитии страны и решении проблемы безработицы. Обозначены основные стратегические ориентиры государственной политики России в сфере малого и среднего предпринимательства. Проводится анализ динамики численности инновационно ориентированных работников и структуры затрат на реализацию инновационных товаров и услуг малых предприятий по видам инновационной деятельности и источникам финансирования. По результатам исследования, полученным на базе использования общелогических методов теоретического обобщения,  выявлены негативные тенденции, сдерживающие инновационное развитие малых предприятий. Предлагаются пути повышения занятости населения в секторе малого инновационного бизнеса, а также комплекс мероприятий по созданию благоприятных условий для повышения кадрового потенциала и инновационного развития малого предпринимательства. Полученные в ходе исследования результаты могут быть полезны федеральным и региональным органам власти при принятии стратегических решений по поддержке малых предприятий.
МЕТОДИКА ЭКСПРЕСС - АНАЛИЗА ФИНАНСОВОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ
Authors: М.А. Кубарь , Д.А. Кириченко
Published: November 2024

В статье представлена методика экспресс – анализа, адаптированная к специфике сельскохозяйственного производства, включающая следующие этапы: 1. общая оценка финансово – экономического состояния; 2. экспресс-анализ эффективности сельскохозяйственной организации; 3. анализ инвестиционной привлекательности; 4. экспресс-анализ налоговой нагрузки. В ходе исследования проведен анализ деловой активности и отчета о финансовых результатах, рассчитаны коэффициенты ликвидности и показатели, характеризующие рентабельность. Произведен расчет налоговой нагрузки по данным бухгалтерской финансовой отчетности сельскохозяйственной организации по методикам, разработанных Министерством финансов России, а также Кировой Е.А. Объектом исследования является финансово-хозяйственная деятельность сельскохозяйственной организации в организационно-правовой форме общества с ограниченной ответственностью «Ореховская» с точки зрения ее перспективной оценки.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПРИНЦИПА ПРОГРАММНО-ЦЕЛЕВОГО ПЛАНИРОВАНИЯ В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ И РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ПРОГРАММ РАЗВИТИЯ МАЛОГО И СРЕДНЕГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В РЕГИОНАХ СФО
Authors: А.В. Лихтер , Е.В. Нуриева
Published: November 2024

Меры государственного регулирования малого и среднего предпринимательства (МСП) можно разделить на несколько блоков, одним из которых является программно-целевой блок, включающий программы поддержки МСП, принятые на разном уровне. Результативность таких программ, выражается в достижении целей, прописанных в программах, и, в конечном итоге, в высокой доле МСП в ВВП и общей занятости населения. Анализ развития МСП в Российской Федерации, показал, что с 2015 по 2020 гг. доля МСП в ВВП практически неизменна и составляет порядка 20 %, доля занятых в МСП от общего количества занятых составляет порядка 27 %, концентрация МСП наблюдается в Центральном федеральном округе, на Сибирский федеральный округ приходится 11 % зарегистрированных МСП. Наибольшее количество МСП и высокий удельный вес занятых в МСП среди регионов СФО наблюдается в Новосибирской области, что связывается с существованием в регионе четко сформулированной цели развития МСП, закрепленной в государственной программе. В отличие от Новосибирской области в Красноярском крае наблюдается общее сокращение количества субъектов МСП практически по всем видам экономической деятельности и сокращение удельной доли занятых от общего количества занятых в крае, что объясняется не только последствиями пандемической ситуации, но и неблагоприятной оценкой делового климата. На территории края реализуются как федеральные, так и региональные программы, ориентированные на развитие и стимулирование МСП, которые не имеют высокой результативности. Такое положение вещей, авторы, связывают с тем, что реализация региональных программ осуществляется вне системы, так как не определена основная цель развития МСП края. На основании этого делается вывод о том, что существование программ без внятной цели развития МСП не приводит к высокой результативности, а система регулирования МСП на основе программно-целевого подхода в крае является во многом формальной.
ОТДЕЛЬНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ЛЕСНОЙ ОТРАСЛИ В КРАСНОЯРСКОМ КРАЕ
Authors: С.О. Медведев , М.А. Зырянов
Published: November 2024

В работе рассматривается проблематика развития лесной отрасли в Красноярском крае. Выделяются основные особенности современного состояния, приводятся сведения о выпуске ключевых продуктов лесной промышленности. Производится сегментирование продукции и выделяются перспективы для каждого из них. В качестве одного из приоритетов развития предлагается стимулирование развития лесозаготовительной деятельности на территории Крайнего Севера региона. Результаты исследований обрабатывались с использованием Microsoft Office и Statistica.
ЭКОНОМИКА ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ УКАЗАНИЙ: СИНЕРГИЯ ТРАДИЦИЙ И НОВЫХ ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ РАЗВИТИЯ АГРОПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ РЕГИОНОВ
Authors: И.Н. Поспелова
Published: November 2024

Исследование посвящено возможностям применения географических указаний (ГУ) для повышения устойчивости развития агропромышленных регионов. Цель статьи – обзор мирового опыта формирования и использования географических указаний производителями продовольствия, разработка рекомендаций по его применению в России. В статье изучены понятие, сущность, виды идентификации и отличительные признаки ГУ. Отмечена их способность обеспечивать прирост всех составляющих устойчивого развития агропромышленных регионов. Результаты исследования показывают, что ГУ может быть рассмотрено и как инструмент вывода традиционных продовольственных товаров на внутренний и внешний рынки. При этом мировой опыт свидетельствует о высокой степени готовности приобретения таких товаров. Основными бенефициарами товаров с ГУ являются как потребители, так и производители, получающие более высокую добавленную стоимость. Также в результате регистрации ГУ формируются внешние положительные эффекты, что способствует экономическому росту всего региона, в котором производится традиционный продовольственный продукт. Важным аспектом успешного развития территории на основе продовольственных товаров с ГУ является роль информации о продукте и территории. Проведен анализ поданных заявок и выданных свидетельств в России на наименования мест происхождения товаров и географические указания по количеству, принадлежности заявителей, регионам и видам товаров. Обоснована возможность регистрации словесного обозначения «Алтайская гречиха» в качестве географического указания. Для повышения устойчивости развития регионов агропромышленной специализации определены основные условия реализации концепции географических указаний. Отправной точкой синергии традиций и новых инструментов развития агропромышленных регионов может стать предлагаемый универсальный алгоритм регистрации и использования ГУ.
Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR Anatoly Panteleimonovich Kolesov (on the 100th anniversary of his birth)
Authors:   Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Moscow, Shevchenko Yu.L. , Khubulava G.G. ,   S.M. Kirov Military medical academy, St. Petersburg,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Sizenko V.V. ,   S.M. Kirov Military medical academy, St. Petersburg
Published: November 2024

Biography of academician Anatoly Panteleimonovich Kolesov, a student and follower of the Kupriyanov Surgical School, his contribution to the development of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, military field surgery, surgical infection, anesthesiology and intensive care, teaching surgical disciplines is presented.
Preserving the memory of the great scientist on the Ryazan land (Dedicated to the 175th anniversary of the birth of academician I.P. Pavlov)
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov, Ryazan, Lapkin M.M. , Zagrina N.A. ,   The Memorial Museum-estate of Academician I.P. Pavlov, Ryazan, Kozeevskaya N.A. ,   Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov, Ryazan
Published: November 2024

Rationale: 2024 marks the 175th anniversary of the birth of the great Russian scientist-physiologist, academician I.P. Pavlov. This year marks the 120th anniversary of his Nobel Prize award. In our difficult times, there is a need not only to develop his rich scientific heritage, but also to preserve for future generations the memorable places associated with his life, including in his small homeland, in Ryazan, where he was born, where his childhood and youth were spent, and the ideological basis of his life was formed. Purpose: to present the main stages of the life of academician I.P. Pavlov and how the Ryazan region is preserved. Materials and methods: analysis of literary data, work with archival materials of the Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov and the Memorial Museum-estate of Academician I.P. Pavlov, located in Ryazan. Results: the authors of the article reflect the main stages of the great scientist’s life and how the memory of him is preserved on the Ryazan land. The article presents a large amount of illustrative material confirming the presented data. Conclusion: according to the general recognition of scientists around the world, academician I.P. Pavlov is a personality of a planetary scale. Therefore, the memory of this outstanding scientist should be preserved not only in the development of his rich scientific heritage, but also in the preservation for future generations of memorable places associated with his life, including in his homeland, in Ryazan, where he was born, where his childhood and youth were spent and the ideological basis of his life was formed.
The use of low-temperature argon plasma for the treatment of purulent wounds
Authors:   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, Surov D.A. , Sizonenko N.A. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, Dymnikov D.A. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, Tsurupa P.S. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, Levchenko Ya.I. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, Voronina L.A. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, Shostka K.G. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg
Published: November 2024

Justification. Surgical infection is an urgent medical problem, as up to 40% of patients in surgical hospitals are hospitalized for purulent-septic complications of various diseases. At the end of the 20th century, low-temperature argon plasma or low-temperature plasma became widely used in medicine. The purpose of this publication is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of using the PlazmoRan plasma arc installation (manufactured by PlazmoProm (Russia)) in the complex treatment of chronic infected wounds, including postoperative wounds. Methods. A study was presented in which 41 patients were included. The main group consisted of 20 patients in whom, in addition to complex therapy, therapy using the PlazmoRan installation was applied. The control group included 21 patients who received standard treatment. The clinical criteria for assessing the condition of patients were an assessment based on the comorbidity index and the severity of surgical complications. The criteria for evaluating the wound process were cytological examination of wound exudate, bacteriological examination, and visual assessment of the timing of the appearance of granulation tissue in the wound. The dynamics of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome was assessed according to clinical blood analysis, biochemical blood analysis (C-reactive protein), thermometry monitoring, respiratory rate and heart rate. Results. The use of the plasma arc PlazmoRan installation in the complex treatment of infected wounds helps to reduce the duration of the wound process, the early onset of the regeneration phase, reduces the manifestations of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, which in this study made it possible to shorten the treatment time of patients. Conclusion. The use of low–temperature plasma is a safe, painless, easy-to-use and well-tolerated method in the complex treatment of infected wounds, which does not interfere with early activation. It helps to quickly clean wounds, heal them, and reduce the severity of local and general symptoms of the infectious process.
POSSIBLE ERRORS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INTRAOCULAR TUMORS
Authors: Stoyukhina A. S.
Published: November 2024

Rationale: The article discusses difficulties in the differential diagnosis of intraocular tumors (IOT), particularly in cases of small choroidal melanoma. Despite a substantial number of publications dedicated to the diagnosis of intraocular tumors, difficulties in interpreting imaging methods, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), persist.

Objective: to analyze the OCT patterns that have led to diagnostic errors.

Methods: We analyzed the OCT results of 15 patients whose diagnosis of «choroidal hemangioma» was revised to «choroidal melanoma» in 11 cases or «progressive nevus» in 4 cases. The mean age at the time of IOT detection was 50.20±13.08 years (range: 35–79 years); the average tumor prominence was 2.22±0.82 mm (range: 1-3.6 mm), and the average diameter was 8.01±2.72 mm (range: 3.11–11.5 mm). A detailed analysis of the specific OCT patterns that led to diagnostic errors was conducted.

Results and discussion: The characteristics of the identified OCT patterns that frequently caused diagnostic difficulties were thoroughly examined, such as cystic changes and the «subretinal cleft» phenomenon. Cases in which complex OCT patterns overlapped with both melanoma and hemangioma were also analyzed, reinforcing the need for a multimodal approach to the interpretation of imaging data. Conclusion: for accurate diagnosis and to avoid erroneous planning of treatment strategies, OCT should be evaluated within the context of the clinical picture and patient history.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RETINAL PERFUSION AND FUNCTIONAL RECOVERING OF FOVEA IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF SURGICAL CLOSURE OF FULL-THICKNESS MACULAR HOLES
Authors: Doktorova T. А. , Boiko E. V. , Suetov A. A. , Sosnovskiy S. V.
Published: November 2024

Rationale: The effect of retinal perfusion on functional recovery of the fovea, as well as the value of quantitative perfusion parameters as predictors of functional outcome in the surgical treatment of full-thickness macular holes (FTMH) remains poorly understood.

Objective: To study the relationship between changes in retinal perfusion and functional parameters of the fovea in the postoperative period at 1 and 2 types of FTMH closure.

Methods: A prospective study including 93 patients (93 eyes) with idiopathic FTMH stage 2-4 according to D. Gass after surgical treatment. In subgroups with type 1 and type 2 of FTMH closure, changes in the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area and vessel density in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses (SCP and DCP) in the fovea, changes in BCVA, retinal sensitivity (RS) at the fixation point, and P1 amplitude in the fovea were studied. Studies were performed preoperatively, 1 and 6 months after surgery. A significant correlation was found between the changes in BCVA, RS at the fixation point, P1 amplitude in the fovea, and changes in vessel density in the SCP and DCP, which was more pronounced in the period from 1 to 6 months after surgery. The correlation of the changes in the parameters is higher in type 2 of FTMH closure than in type 1 of FTMH closure.

Results:. Subgroups with type 1 and type 2 FTMH closure included 67 and 26 eyes, respectively. Type 2 FTMH closure showed lower vascular density in the DCP before (p=0.02) and 6 months after surgery (p=0.03), lower BCVA before surgery (p=0.03), 1 and 6 months after surgery (p <0.001), lower RS at the fixation point before and after surgery (p<0.002).

Conclusion. In type 2 macular hole closure, postoperative changes in retinal perfusion have a more pronounced impact on functional recovery of the fovea, especially in the late postoperative period.
DYNAMICS OF CHANGES IN THE ANATOMICAL PARAMETERS OF THE ANTERIOR CHAMBER OF THE EYE WITH VARIOUS TYPES OF APHAKIA CORRECTION IN PATIENTS WITH SILICONE TAMPONADE OF THE VITREAL CAVITY
Authors: Karpov G. O. , Bosov Е. D. , Ryabushko A. I.
Published: November 2024

Rationale: In case of combined pathology, in particular aphakia and regmatogenic retinal detachment, an important point is the leveling of changes in the iridocrustal apparatus. When analyzing the morphoanatomic parameters of the angle and depth of the anterior chamber using optical coherence tomography, distinctive features were revealed in patients with various methods of correcting the defect of the iridohrustal barrier.

Objective: of the study was to evaluate anatomical changes in the angle and depth of the anterior chamber in patients with various types of intraocular correction of the defect of the capsule-binding apparatus under conditions of tamponade of the vitreal cavity with silicone oil.

Methods: Studies were conducted on 74 eyes of patients aged 56 to 75 years with various methods of correction of aphakia and silicone tamponade of the vitreal cavity.

Results: There was a significant decrease in the anterior chamber angle in various sectors in patients with aphakia, in contrast to patients with anterior chamber and transclerally fixed intraocular lenses. A similar trend is observed in patients with anterocameral intraocular lenses, relative to the group of patients with artifacia. A decrease in the depth of the anterior chamber was revealed in patients with anterior chamber lenses relative to patients with transcleral fixation and articulation was revealed in the upper sector. In the temporal sector, there is a decrease in this indicator in patients with aphakia relative to patients with artifakia.

Conclusion: In the conditions of silicone tamponade of the vitreal cavity, the technique of transcleral fixation of intraocular lenses provides the most physiological indicators of the anterior chamber angle comparable to single-format indicators of patients with artifacia.
ANALYSIS OF EARLY CHANGES IN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF VOGT-KOYANAGI-HARADA DISEASE (CLINICAL CASES)
Authors: Zakirov R. M. , Sabirova I. H. , Zhidenko E. A. , Sabirova L. N.
Published: November 2024

The difficulty of diagnosing Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome is due to the fact that in the prodromal stage, the inflammatory process develops in the vascular membrane without ocular manifestations, clinically, flu-like syndrome, meningism come out in the first place, mistakenly leading the patient to a doctor of another specialty.

Objective: To analyze optical coherence tomography (OCT) data and clinical manifestations for early diagnosis and timely treatment of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome.

Methods: Data from two clinical cases are presented: patient T. with timely pathogenetic pulse therapy and patient B. with alternative treatment due to his refusal of the proposed therapy. Results: Against the background of treatment, both patients have an increase in visual acuity, but patient B. has a less favorable prognosis according to OCT data due to the lack of adequate therapy.

Conclusion: OCT of the macular region makes it possible to make the correct diagnosis at an early date, which prevents the transition of the uveitic stage of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease into a chronic one.
Digging through the (statistical) dirt: A reproducible method for single-molecule flicker noise analysis
Authors: Morris James , Potter Jarred , Bates Demetris , Wu Chuanli , Robertson Craig , Higgins Simon , Nichols Richard , Low Paul , Vezzoli Andrea
Published: November 2024

Flicker noise analysis has found widespread use in the molecular electronics community over the past 9 years. The noise power of the junctions and the value of its scaling exponent 𝑛 provide information on the spatial overlap of scattering states in single-molecule junctions and give unique insights into quantum transport phenomena at the single-molecule level. The predominant drawback of this analytical tool is the inconsistency of the methodologies employed, resulting in irreproducibility across datasets acquired in different conditions or in different laboratories. Herein, we provide a pathway to a more reproducible methodology, detailing issues with the currently accepted correlation techniques employed and introduce the use of more statistically robust data processing criteria and lower thresholds for data acquisition parameters.
Indirect Detection of the Protons in and Around Biradicals and their Mechanistic Role in MAS-DNP
Authors: Chatterjee Satyaki , Scott Faith J. , Sigurdsson Snorri Th. , Venkatesh Amrit , Mentink-Vigier Frederic
Published: November 2024

The contribution of protons on or near biradical polarizing agents in Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) has recently been under scrutiny. Results from selective deuteration and simulations have previously suggested that the role of protons on the biradical molecule depends on the strength of the electron-electron coupling. Here we use the cross effect DNP mechanism to identify and acquire 1H solid-state NMR spectra of the protons that contribute to propagation of the hyperpolarization, via an experimental approach dubbed Nuclear Double Resonance (NUDOR).
From Micro-Environments to Macroscopic Effects: How the Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Drives Cu Cathodic Corrosion
Authors: Sarker Hori Pada , Goswami Anshuman , Tang Michael , Abild-Pedersen Frank
Published: November 2024

Cathodic corrosion of copper (Cu) has posed a significant challenge for over a century, impeding various technological progresses such as electrochemical conversion of CO2 (eCO2RR) into fuels and other value-added carbon products. In this study, employing a combined Density Functional Theory (DFT) and kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulation approach, we delve into the atomistic level mechanism driving this phenomenon in Cu. Our hypothesis posits the pivotal role of alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in facilitating cathodic corrosion in Cu. We rigorously develop a pH-dependent hydroxide (OH) adsorption mechanism and calculate the equilibrium OH coverage (𝜃OH) at varying pH levels, the thermodynamic stability of subsurface oxygen (Osub), as well as the Cu-vacancy mediated diffusion of subsurface oxygens (Osub). Through comprehensive analysis, we establish correlation among various microenvironments, including oxygen diffusion in subsurface layers, pH-dependent OH adsorption, and Cu dissolution into the electrolyte as (Cu- OH) complexes. Furthermore, our investigation explores the correlation between surface coordination environment of active sites and cathodic corrosion of Cu. Finally, by integrating DFT- derived thermodynamic data into a kMC model, we successfully predict the formation of experimentally observed corrosion pits on Cu-surfaces. This combined approach not only advances our fundamental understanding of Cu cathodic corrosion but also offers insights crucial for developing effective corrosion mitigation strategies.
H2O Trimer: Rigorous 12D Quantum Calculations of Intermolecular Vibrational States, Tunneling Splittings, and Low-Frequency Spectrum
Authors: Simkó Irén , Felker Peter M. , Bačić Zlatko
Published: November 2024

Water trimer, as the smallest water cluster in which the three-body interactions can manifest, is arguably the most important hydrogen-bonded trimer. We present the methodology that for the first time allows rigorous twelve-dimensional (12D) quantum calculation of its intermolecular vibration-tunneling eigenstates, with the monomers treated as rigid. These 12D eigenstates are used to simulate the low-frequency absorption spectrum of the trimer, for direct comparison with the measured far-infrared (FIR) spectrum of water trimer in helium nanodroplets. The 12D calculations reveal weak coupling between the large-amplitude torsional and intermolecular stretching vibrations. The calculated torsional tunneling splittings are in excellent agreement with spectroscopic results. There are visible differences between the spectrum simulated using the 12D eigenstates and that based on our earlier 9D calculations where the stretching vibrations are not included. The peaks in the 12D spectrum are generally shifted to slightly lower energies relative to those in the 9D spectrum, as well as the measured FIR spectrum, and are often split by intermolecular stretch-bend Fermi resonances.
Fluoroalkenes from the Defluoroalkylation of Trifluoromethane
Authors: Warsame Hodan , Patrick Sarah , Bull James , Miller Philip W. , Crimmin Mark
Published: November 2024

Trifluoromethane (HCF3) is a byproduct of fluoropolymer production that has limited applications. It is often stored or destroyed at the point of production, but if released into the environment is a potent greenhouse gas with global warming potential of 14,600 times that of CO2. State-of-the-art chemical technologies for upgrading HCF3 typically occur with conservation of the CF3 group. These approaches will come under increased scrutiny as concern over the environmental impact of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) continues to grow. A more sustainable approach involves synthetic transformations that repurpose the atomic content of HCF3 while also destroying the CF3 group. In this paper, we report a rare example of the transformation of HCF3 into a fluoroalkene functional group through defluoroalkylation. We rationalise product formation through DFT calculations, scale-up the synthesis through continuous flow methods, and show that a fluoroalkene reagent derived from HCF3 is a competent nucleophile for the fluoroethenylation of a range of aldehydes
B3AM: A beamforming toolbox for three-component ambient seismic noise analysis
Authors: Löer Katrin , Finger Claudia
Published: November 2024

We introduce the MATLAB toolbox B3AM for beamforming of three-component ambient noise array data. We explain the theory behind three-component beamforming and polarisation analysis in particular, provide an overview of the workflow, and discuss the output using a worked example. The strength of the presented code package is the analysis of multiple beam response maps from multiple time windows. Hence, it provides statistical information about the ambient noise wavefield recorded over a period of time, such as the ratio of surface to body waves, average dispersion velocities, or dominant propagation direction. It can be used to validate assumptions made about the ambient noise wavefield in a particular location, helping to interpret results from other techniques, such as the analysis of horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios or ambient noise interferometry, and enabling more precise monitoring of specific wavefield components. While designed initially with seismic networks in mind, B3AM is applicable over a wide range of frequencies and array sizes and can thus be adapted also for laboratory settings or civil engineering applications.
Riesgo cardiovascular, dislipemias e indicación de estatinas en una población de obesos mórbidos
Authors: Smiliansky Natasha , Peverelli Franco , Tregarthen Micaela , Carozzi Sofía , Vaucher Andrea , Bruno Gustavo
Published: November 2024

Introducción. La obesidad se relaciona con un riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) elevado. Esto nos obliga a tomar conductas terapéuticas y prevencionistas. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar el riesgo cardiovascular en una población de obesos mórbidos y valorar la correcta indicación de estatinas.Metodología. Estudio transversal, descriptivo, observacional, con la población obesos mórbidos del Programa de Obesidad y Cirugía Bariátrica (POCB) del Hospital Maciel, desde noviembre del 2014 a marzo del 2020. El RCV se valoró con la calculadora de la organización panamericana de la salud. La indicación de estatinas se consideró según RCV o diagnóstico de dislipemia.Resultados. Se analizaron 478 pacientes, el 84.3% fueron mujeres, la mediana para la edad fue de 44 años, y para el IMC 50 kg/m2. Se calculó un RCV bajo para el 57% de los pacientes; y alto o muy alto para un 37%. La prevalencia de las dislipemias fue 84,3%, a predominio de hipercolesterolemia (33,7%) y dislipemia aterogénica (19,5%). El 60.6% (290) de los pacientes presenta indicación de tratamiento con estatinas, solo el 38.9%. (113) las recibe. El 38.1% (43) alcanzan los objetivos terapéuticos.Conclusiones. La obesidad presenta múltiples comorbilidades que aumentan el RCV, aun así se encuentra subestimada por las calculadoras de riesgo. Queda en evidencia un infratratamiento farmacológico de estos pacientes, no logrando los objetivos terapéuticos propuestos.
U-Space v podmienkach slovenskej republiky
Authors:   University of Žilina, Bejdáková Natália , Pecho Pavol
Published: November 2024

Unmanned aerial vehicles are a dynamically developing industry. With the increasing number of remotely piloted aircraft, emphasis is being placed on ensuring safe operation in shared airspace with manned aircraft. In the countries of the European Union, including Slovakia, the concept of U-Space is gradually being implemented. The bachelor thesis is focused on the analysis of the current situation in the operation of unmanned aircraft, current legislation, operation rules, and implementation of the U-Space concept in Slovakia. Attention is being concentrated on explaining the concept of U-Space and defining the services, including the responsibilities and obligations of the entities present in this system. The thesis proposes a set of possible implementation solutions to ensure more efficient and faster development in Slovakia. Based on relevant proposals, specific examples of how the situation would change after the implementation of the selected proposals are pointed out. An analysis of the findings based on collected data from the questionnaire is given to determine the level of awareness of the U-Space concept and the improvement of the educational situation in Slovakia. Finally, the technical and economic aspects of U-Space implementation are being evaluated and possible pros and drawbacks are identified.
Návrh technických úprav pre zvýšenie výkonu piestového motora hercules Teledyne 4A084
Authors:   University of Žilina, Bernáth Martin , Čerňan Jozef
Published: November 2024

This article concerns the investigation of the possibilities of increasing the power of the Hercules Teledyne 4A084 engine. The aim of this article is the proposal of technical modifications, that could be carried out on the engine in order to increase its power. In the introduction, the reader is informed about the piston engine in question. The article further takes a look on the effect of individual piston engine systems on performance. In the final part of the work, the ideal air flow through the carburetor for the Hercules engine is calculated, then modifications are proposed, which are expected to increase its performance. The modifications mainly concern the fuel system, the ignition system and the connection of the device for supercharging the engine.
Využitie moderných technológií v leteckej preprave
Authors:   University of Žilina, Šimková Sofia , Novák Sedláčková Alena
Published: November 2024

The Bachelor Thesis focuses on the analysis, comparison and proposal for improving the effectivity of air transport using automated check-in processes. The thesis analyses the characteristics of air transport of passengers, goods and mail, the digitalized processes in air transport, the baggage reclamation procedures and compliance with passenger rights. The Bachelor thesis also focuses on the analysis of laser scanners and RFID system and their comparison. Concrete proposals for the implementation of image scanners and RFID system for the efficiency of check-in processes at the M.R.Štefánik Airport are presented.