bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sexual and reproductive health in HIV-positive adolescents
Authors: Yiltok Esther Simon , Ebonyi Augustine Odo , Ejeliogu Emeka Uba
Published: November 2020

Objectives:

Adolescents grow to experience both emotional and sexual changes that occur at this stage in life. During this stage, these adolescents have increased experimentation, including sexuality, this also affects HIV-positive adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sexual and reproductive health of HIV-positive adolescents.

Material and Methods:

A semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain relevant information from adolescents who were enrolled into the study over a 6 months period. Information obtained included the bio-data, menstruation, sexual activity, HIV status of partner, use of contraceptives, abortion, and treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.

Results:

One hundred and forty-seven HIV-positive adolescents were recruited into the study, males were 56 (38.1%), while females were 91 (61.9%). Fifty-nine (64.8%) of the females have started menstruating, out of which nine (6.1%) of them were sexually active. All those that were sexually active did not know the HIV status of their partners. Four (44.4%) of those who were sexually active use contraceptives, while three became pregnant out of wedlock and one had an abortion. Three (33.3%) of the sexually active adolescents had sexually transmitted infection. None of the 46 early adolescents was sexually active, but three out of the 71 middle adolescents and 6 out of the 30 late adolescents were sexually active.

Conclusion:

HIV-positive adolescents engage in sexual activities which are sometimes risky, just like other adolescents. The consequences of such acts include unplanned pregnancies and abortions in addition to sexually transmitted infections. Therefore, additional programs/interventions should be put in place to address these observations as well as prepare them as they transit to adulthood.
Features of the Development of Eyes and the State of Refraction in Children of the Indigenous Peoples of the North Living in the Amur Region
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Khabarovsk Branch, Sergeeva A.V. , Kolenko O.V. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Khabarovsk Branch,   Institute for Advanced Training of Healthcare Professionals of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Sorokin E.L. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Khabarovsk Branch,   Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Pashentsev Y.E. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Khabarovsk Branch
Published: November 2020

Purpose. To study the anatomical and morphometric parameters of the eyes and the state of refraction in children of the indigenous and alien population living in the Khabarovsk krai of Russia. Material and methods. The study included 180 children living in the Nanai District of the Khabarovsk krai, aged from 3 months to 18 years. Two groups of children were formed, according to the criteria of belonging to the indigenous/alien population. 1st group – 84 children of the indigenous population – Nanai. 2nd group – 96 children of the alien population - peoples related to the Slavs. Both groups were matched for gender and age. In each of these groups, 5 age subgroups were formed. The comparison group is the average statistical indicators of the child population of Russia in the corresponding subgroups. Results. In comparative study, difference in the refractive index of the cornea was not found between the groups. A statistically significant delayed growth of the axial length of the eye was revealed in children of the indigenous population of the Khabarovsk krai in the age subgroups of 4–6, 7–10, 11–14 years old, in comparison with similar subgroups children of the newcoming population and with the average Russian indicators. Tendency to myopization was revealed in children of the 1st group from 7–10 years and older at retinoscopy on narrow pupil, in whom, after cycloplegia with 0,5–1% solutions of Cyclopentolate, a shift towards hyperopic refraction was revealed. Conclusion. The revealed features of the development of eyes in children of the indigenous population of the Khabarovsk krai must be taken into account, conducting them retinoscopy only in the conditions of achieving complete medical accommodation paresis, and, if necessary, to prescribe them adequate optical correction. This will allow timely prevention of the formation of complications associated with the peculiarities of the development of their refraction.
Screening of World Approved Drugs against Highly Dynamical Spike Glycoprotein SARS-CoV-2 using CaverDock and Machine Learning
Authors: Pinto Gaspar , Vavra Ondrej , Marques Sérgio M. , Filipovic Jiri , Bednar David , Damborsky Jiri
Published: November 2020

The new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes pathological pulmonary symptoms. Most efforts to develop vaccines and drugs against this virus target the spike glycoprotein, particularly its S1 subunit, which is recognised by angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. Here we use the in-house developed tool CaverDock to perform virtual screening against spike glycoprotein using a cryogenic electron microscopy structure (PDB-ID: 6VXX) and the representative structures of five most populated clusters from a previously published molecular dynamics simulations. The dataset of ligands was obtained from the ZINC database and consists of drugs approved for clinical use worldwide. Trajectories for the passage of individual drugs through the tunnel of the spike glycoprotein homotrimer, their binding energies within the tunnel, and the duration of their contacts with the trimer’s three subunits were computed for the full dataset. Multivariate statistical methods were then used to establish structure-activity relationships and select top candidate molecules. This new protocol for rapid screening of globally approved drugs (4359 ligands) in a multi-state protein structure (6 states) required a total of 26,148 calculations and showed high robustness. The protocol is universal and can be applied to any target protein with an experimental tertiary structure containing protein tunnels or channels. The protocol will be implemented in the next version of CaverWeb (https://loschmidt.chemi.muni.cz/caverweb/) to make it accessible to the wider scientific community
A Dynamic Substrate is Required for MhuD-catalysed Degradation of Haem to Mycobilin
Authors: Thakuri Biswash , O'Rourke Bruce , Graves Amanda , Liptak Matthew
Published: November 2020

The non-canoncial haem oxygenase MhuD from Mycobacterium tuberculosis binds a haem substrate that adopts a dynamic equilibrium between planar and out-of-plane ruffled conformations. MhuD degrades this substrate to an unusual mycobilin product via successive monooxygenation and dioxygenation reactions. This article establishes a causal relationship between haem substrate dynamics and MhuD-catalysed haem degradation resulting in a revised enzymatic mechanism. UV/Vis absorption (Abs) and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) data demonstrated that a second-sphere substitution favouring population of the ruffled haem conformation changed the rate-limiting step of the reaction resulting in a measurable build-up of the monooxygenated meso-hydroxyhaem intermediate. In addition, UV/Vis Abs and ESI-MS data for a second-sphere variant that favoured the planar substrate conformation showed that this change altered the enzymatic mechanism resulting in an alpha-biliverdin product. Single-turnover kinetic analyses for three MhuD variants revealed that the rate of haem monooxygenation depends upon the population of the ruffled substrate conformation. These kinetic analyses also revealed that the rate of meso-hydroxyhaem dioxygenation by MhuD depends upon the population of the planar substrate conformation. Thus, the ruffled haem conformation supports rapid haem monooxygenation by MhuD, but further oxygenation to the mycobilin product is inhibited. In contrast, the planar substrate conformation exhibits altered haem monooxygenation regiospecificity followed by rapid oxygenation of meso-hydroxyhaem. Altogether, these data yielded a revised enzymatic mechanism for MhuD where access to both substrate conformations is needed for rapid incorporation of three oxygen atoms into haem yielding mycobilin.
Kinetic Molecular Cationic Control of Defect-Induced Broadband Light Emission in 2D Hybrid Lead Iodide Perovskites
Authors: Sanni Adedayo M. , Rury Aaron
Published: November 2020

In this study we examine the effects of changing organic cation concentrations on the efficiency and photophysical implications of exciton trapping in 2-dimensional hybrid lead iodide self-assembled quantum wells (SAQWs). We show increasing the concentration of alkyl and aryl ammonium cations causes the formation of SAQWs at a liquid-liquid interface to possess intense, broadband subgap photoluminescence (PL) spectra. Electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies suggest materials formed under these cation concentrations possess morphologies consistent with inhibited crystallization kinetics, but exhibit qualitatively similar bulk chemical bonding to non-luminescent materials stabilized in the same structure from precursor solutions containing lower cation concentrations. Temperature and power-dependent PL spectra suggest the broadband subgap light emission stems from excitons self-trapped at defect sites, which we assign as edge-like, collective iodide vacancies using a simple model of the chemical equilibrium driving material self-assembly. These results suggest changes to the availability of molecular cations can suitably control the light emission properties of self-assembled hybrid organic-inorganic materials in ways central to their applicability in lighting technologies.
Defects Formation and Amorphization of Zn-MOF-74 Crystals by Post-Synthetic Interactions with Bidentate Adsorbates
Authors: Lefton Jonathan B , Pekar Kyle B , Haris Uroob , Zick Mary E. , Milner Phillip J. , Lippert Alexander , Pejov Ljupco , Runcevski Tomce
Published: November 2020

The controlled introduction of defects into MOFs is a powerful strategy to induce new physiochemical properties and improve their performance for target applications. Herein, we present a new strategy for defect formation and amorphization.
Enabling Highly (R)-Enantioselective Epoxidation of Styrene by Engineering Unique Non-Natural P450 Peroxygenases
Authors: Zhao Panxia , Chen Jie , Ma Nana , Chen Jingfei , Qin Xiangquan , Liu Chuanfei , Yao Fuquan , Yao Lishan , Jin Longyi , Cong Zhiqi
Published: November 2020

Unlike the excellent (S)-enantioselective epoxidation of styrene performed by natural styrene monooxygenase (ee >99%), the (R)-enantioselective epoxidation of styrene has not yet achieved a comparable efficiency using natural or engineered oxidative enzymes. This report describes the H2O2-dependent (R)-enantioselective epoxidation of unfunctionalized styrene and its derivatives by site-mutated variants of a unique non-natural P450BM3 peroxygenase, working in tandem with a dual-functional small molecule (DFSM). The observed (R)-enantiomeric excess of styrene epoxidation is up to ~99%, which is unprecedented relative to natural or engineered oxidative enzymes. The catalytic turnover number is up to ~4500 (with ~98% ee), representing the best activity of a P450 peroxygenase towards styrene epoxidation, to date. This study indicates that the synergistic use of protein engineering and an exogenous DFSM constitutes an efficient strategy to control enantioselectivity of styrene epoxidation, thus substantially expanding the chemical scope of P450 enzyme functions as useful bio-oxidative catalysts.
Social Vigilance of Friends and Foes in Western Lowland Gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)
Authors: Roth Tom S. , Sterck Elisabeth H. M.
Published: November 2020

In social species, such as many primate species, conspecifics can pose a threat and individuals that are socially vigilant can prevent harassment. Many previous studies have focused on the role of agonistic interactions on social vigilance. In a variety of primate species, individuals are more vigilant for aggressive or dominant group members. In contrast, only few studies have investigated whether affiliative relationships also affect social vigilance. These studies revealed that individuals with an affiliative relationship showed lower levels of vigilance towards each other. Here, we tested the differential effects of both dyadic agonism and affiliation on the level of social vigilance of group-living western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) at Apenheul Primate Park, The Netherlands. We made continuous focal observations of agonistic and affiliative interactions and we scored level of vigilance during neutral approaches of conspecifics. We found that dyads with many affiliative interactions showed lower levels of vigilance towards each other. The opposite pattern was found for agonistic experiences, but this effect was not statistically robust. In addition, the adult male and adolescent males received higher levels of social vigilance than individuals from other age-sex classes. Our results indicate that level of social vigilance was linked to affiliative and, to a lesser extent, agonistic relationships in western lowland gorillas. We suggest that future studies in both egalitarian and despotic species should investigate whether, next to aggression, affiliation also influences social vigilance.
Evaluating the Influence of Conspecifics on a Male Giant Anteater's (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) Pacing Behavior
Authors: Eyer Adrienne E. , Miller Lance J.
Published: November 2020

Stereotypic behavior has been studied in various species, but little information exists on stereotypies in giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) under professional care. Giant anteaters are known for their solitary nature and well-developed sense of smell. This study examined the effect of conspecifics who were housed off-exhibit on a male giant anteater’s rate of pacing and pacing intensity when he was on-exhibit. Instantaneous sampling was used to determine the percentage of time pacing, the number of pacing bouts and pacing bout duration. Randomization tests determined that the reduction in the male giant anteater’s rate of pacing significantly decreased after conspecifics were relocated to a different building. Pacing bout duration, a potential measure of intensity, also significantly decreased during the treatment phase. In addition, the giant anteater changed his pacing location after the removal of conspecifics. He transitioned from pacing near the conspecifics’ off-exhibit location during the baseline to the opposite quadrant of the exhibit after their departure. These results suggest that keeping a male giant anteater in proximity to conspecifics without the ability to interact with them had an impact on his behavior. Better understanding the motivations for stereotypic behaviors of giant anteaters will better inform housing decisions made by zoo professionals.
Sex-related features of the clinical blood analysis of Vyshny Volochek (Tver Region) residents with deficiency anemias
Authors: Карпинская Милена Владимировна , Спиркина Виктория Дмитриевна , Морозов Глеб Игоревич , Миняева Арина Владимировна
Published: November 2020

Проведено сравнение встречаемости и тяжести заболеваний железодефицитной и В12 дефицитной анемией среди мужчин и женщин города Вышний Волочек. Изучены половые особенности результатов клинического анализа крови у больных железодефицитной и В12 дефицитной анемией средней тяжести. Выявлено, что при одинаковом уровне содержания гемоглобина патологические изменения в клиническом анализе крови более выражены у больных В12 дефицитной анемией. При железодефицитной анемии патологические изменения в клиническом анализе крови оказываются более выраженными у мужчин

Frequency as well as degree of iron-deficiency and B12-deficiency anemia were compared in men and women from the city of Vyshny Volochek. Parameters of clinical blood analysis were studied in patients with moderate degree of iron-deficiency and B12-deficiency anemias. We found that with the same level of hemoglobin content, pathological changes in the clinical analysis of blood are more pronounced in patients with B12-deficiency anemia. Pathological changes in the clinical blood test are more pronounced in men with iron-deficiency anemia.
Responses of own-rooted grape cultivars to salt stress in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Рыфф Ирина Ильинична , Березовская Светлана Петровна
Published: November 2020

В связи с усиливающейся засоленностью почв в мировом масштабе возникает настоятельная потребность в методах тестирования солетолерантности у сельскохозяйственных культур. Цель настоящего исследования заключалась в оценке толерантности трех корнесобственных сортов винограда к хлориду натрия в условиях in vitro и в вегетационной культуре. Солевой стресс in vitro моделировали добавлением в среду NaCl в концентрациях 0, 50 и 100 mM. В качестве индикаторов солетолерантности использовали площадь листьев и общую длину корней. Солевой стресс in vivo обеспечивался орошением в течение 75 дней водой с содержанием NaCl в концентрациях 0, 80, 100 and 120 mM. Солетолерантность растений оценивали на основании агробиологических параметров (площадь листьев, длина побегов, нагрузка побегами, одревеснение побегов) и анализом урожая (характеристики гроздей, урожай с куста, массовая концентрация сахаров, титруемая кислотность и pH сока). Также определяли водные потенциалы листьев как показатели водного баланса растений и электропроводность почвы в качестве показателя засоленности. Реакции на солевой стресс растений, выращиваемых in vitro и в горшечной культуре, продемонстрировали полную корреляцию.

Increasing soil salinity on a global level gives rise to an imperative need for methods to test salt tolerance in crops. This study aimed to evaluate the tolerance of three own-rooted grape cultivars to potassium chloride both in an in vitro testing system and potted culture. Salt stress in vitro was modeled by treating in vitro-grown plants with NaCl at 0, 50, and 100 mM. Leaf area and total root length were used as indicators of salt tolerance. Salt stress in potted culture was achieved by irrigation for 75 days with water containing NaCl at 0, 80, 100, and 120 mM. Salt tolerance of potted plants was evaluated by parameters of viticultural performance (leaf area, shoot length, shoot number, shoot lignification), yield (characteristics of bunches, yield per plant, sugars, titratable acids and pH of grape juice). Leaf water potentials as a measure of the water balance of the plants and electrical conductivity of the soil as another indicator of salinity were also determined. Responses of in vitro-grown and potted plants to salt stress correlated closely.
Cristianos en tiempo de pandemia
Authors: Pariamachi Raúl
Published: November 2020

The Covid-19 pandemic has to be considered as a biopolitic fact to be discerned from the point of view of our Christian faith. This article tackles three questions related to the pandemic. First it will critically analyze the religious imaginary that spontaneously surged with this pandemic. Then the experience in the church will be examined especially the way we now relate to each other. This will be done through the lenses of the reform principle, the pastoral criterium and the priority of the poor. The third part will study the global solidarity that the present world order requires now.
Keywords: Covid-19, Religious Imaginery, Church, Solidarity
ACTIVITY OF JADID SCHOOLS IN BUKHARA EMIRATE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Babadjanova Feruza
Published: November 2020

The article reveals historic data about new-principle schools of Bukhara Emirat during the early XX century, as well as their classes, manuals, and disciplines on the basis of sources. Moreover, some information about establishing of new-principle schools, their activity, problems, financial condition and provision are mentioned
THE FERGHANA VALLEY DURING THE EPHTHALITES
Authors:   Fergana State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Yuldashev Saidanvarbek
Published: November 2020

Based on historical sources and literature, the article studies the history of the Ferghana Valley during the Ephthalites. Reflections on the stay of the Ephthalites in Ferghana, the time of the establishment of their power here, their relations with the local ruling dynasty are expounded.
Analysis of Profitability of Business Segments
Authors: Kupriyanova L. M. , Schneider O. V.
Published: November 2020

Profitability analysis of business segments in Russian and foreign practice is an instrument of operational activity and strategic development for any company. Such analysis allows making effective managerial decisions based on its results. The subject of our scientific research was the segmentation of business and its processes to develop the main methodological aspects in the field of financial and economic activities of companies in various areas of activity. The purpose of the analysis of the profitability of business segments of economic entities in current severe operating conditions is predetermined by the timely and operational identification of ‘sick’ places of financial and economic activity. The objectives of this study are due to the importance of developing a methodological and methodological approach to identify positive and negative results of financial and economic activities through operational and geographical segmentation of the company’s business processes.
Global Traps for the Russian Innovation System
Authors: Blokhin A. A. , Fonotov A. G.
Published: November 2020

The features of the transformation of national innovation systems into an instrument of the dominance of conservative leaders of technologically developed markets are described. The difference in institutional conditions in the activities of companies in global innovation markets leads to the emergence of institutional rents. It is shown that in the framework of the formation of a global innovation system, on the one hand, the institutional strength of transnational corporations as market leaders is increasing, on the other, new global transformation processes are underway. They are based on flexible network structures and the dominance of intermediaries with the transition to a system of intermediary monopoly. Such transformations pose new threats to global crises and open up “windows of opportunity” for the Russian innovation system, which is in an institutional trap in which, due to the dominance of foreign companies in most technologically advanced markets, domestic business is forced to give them high institutional rents and is deprived of it this significant part of the resources for its development.
Model of Russia’s Catching-up Modernization (the First Half of the Twentieth Century)
Authors: Pogrebinskaya V. A.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the article is to show the relationship between the mobilization model of economic development and the modernization of Russia, which was catching up. The mobilization model is understood as a development scheme aimed at achieving emergency goals through exceptional means and emergency organizational forms. The period of the first half of the twentieth century was chosen as the most characteristic for the relationship between this model and the restructuring of the economy when the foundations for further transformation of Russia were laid. Using the method of comparative historical analysis of implemented and alternative modernization options reveals the relevance of the topic. It is related to the fact that modern assessments of the Russian experience mix up the mobilization model with the idea of planning and centralization of control in general, which prevents the use of theoretical and practical achievements of the past. They consist of proving the possibility of combining the plan and the market based on indicative planning.
Social Impact Bonds: Development Prospects in the Russian Federation
Authors: Mirakyan D. G.
Published: November 2020

Amid the state budget deficit, there is a problem of financing social projects. In this regard, new sources of extrabudgetary funding for social issues need to be sought. Financial instruments capable of implementing various social programs include social bonds. This study identifies the main characteristics of social impact bonds (SIB): fundamental principles, mechanism of work. The current work describes the practice of implementing social impact projects on education, poverty, ecology, etc., presenting the experience of the USA and several European countries. This study analyses Russia’s present state and prosperities in the development of SIB projects. The research defines the unique catalyst-funds role in processes of impact investment, as well as the suitability of their creation in Russia. The author analyses opportunities and likely risks from social impact projects realization.
Insight into fluorescent properties, DFT and Hirshfeld analyses of a newly synthesized and structurally novel trinuclear copper(II) Salamo-based complex invoving phenoxo-O bridged coordination
Authors:   School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, P. R. China, Feng T. , Wang J.-F. , Li L.-L. , Zhang Y. , Dong X.-Y.
Published: November 2020

A novel trinuclear Cu(II) (Cu2+:(L)3− = 3:2) complex derived from a newly designed pentadentate salamo-based ligand (H3L), namely [Cu3(L)2(CH3OH)2]·CH3COCH3, is synthesized. This structure is different from the structures of reported earlier salamo-based Cu(II) complexes. The structure of the Cu(II) complex is elucidated by X-ray crystallography. Each completely deprotonated ligand (L)3– unit actually participates in the coordination as a pentadentate ligand. The coordination of a 3-position phenoxo-O atom is a key factor in the formation of the tri­nuclear Cu(II) complex. The five-coordinated terminal Cu(II) atoms (Cu1 and Cu3) possess slightly distorted tetragonal pyramidal geometries. The six-coordinated central Cu(II) atom (Cu2) adopts a distorted octahedral geometry. The study of the molecular packing by the Hirshfeld surface analysis exhibits that the percentages of H—H/H—H, C—H/H—C, and O—H/H—O contacts are calculated to be 54.9 %, 22.5 %, and 19.6 %, respectively. DFT investigations indicate that the stability of the complex is much higher than that of H3L. The Cu(II) complex forms a three-dimensional supramolecular structure through intermolecular hydrogen bonding and C—H⋯π interactions.
Бензоидно-хиноидная таутомерия салицилидениминов: кристаллические структуры 5-бром- (HL1) и 3-нитроcалицилиден-(2-морфолин)этилимина (HL2)
Authors:   Всероссийский институт научной и технической информации РАН, Москва, Россия, Сергиенко В.С. , Абраменко В.Л. , Чураков А.В. , Суражская М.Д. ,   Институт общей и неорганической химии им. Н.С. Курнакова РАН, Москва, Россия,   Луганский государственный университет им. Владимира Даля, Луганская Народная Республика
Published: November 2020

Проведены синтез, ИК спектроскопическое исследование и рентгеноструктурный анализ двух азометинов, производных 5-бром- и 3-нитросалициловых альдегидов и 2-морфо­линэтиламина (HL1, Z = Br и HL2, Z = NO2; в HL1,2 R = CH2CH2N(CH2)4O). В HL1 реализуется бензоидная (енолиминная) таутомерная форма (атом водорода локализован при атоме кислорода). Структура стабилизирована внутримолекулярной водородной связью О1—Н1В…N1 (О—H 0.87(4) Å, H…N 1.83(4) Å, O…N 2.586(4) Å, угол ОHN 143(4)°). Молекула HL2 кристаллизуется в хиноидной (хинонаминной) таутомерной форме с вну­тримолекулярной водородной связью: N1—Н1…O2 (N—H 0.87(2) Å, H…O 1.99(2) Å, O…N 2.659(2) Å, угол NHO 134(2)°).
Identification of supramolecular dimers in the crystal structure of (Z)-1-(((5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)amino)methylene)naphthalen-2(1H)-one via C(sp2)—H⋯F hydrogen bonding: A combined experimental and theoretical study
Authors:   Институт химической физики им. Н.Н. Семенова РАН, Москва, Россия, Цховребов А.Г. , Новиков А.С. , Хрусталёв В.Н. ,   Российский университет дружбы народов, Москва, Россия,   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Россия,   Институт органической химии им. Н.Д. Зелинского РАН, Москва, Россия
Published: November 2020

Title compound C16H11FN2O (1) is nearly planar, and adopts the keto-amine form with a strong intramolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond. Interestingly, the compound features an intramole­cular C—H⋯N weak interaction in the crystal. In addition, the molecules of 1 form supra­molecular dimers via C—F⋯H—C13 weak interactions. The nature and energies of intermolecular noncovalent interactions, which are responsible for the supramolecular dimerization, are studied theoretically using DFT calculations, and the topological analysis of the electron density distribution is performed within the formalism of Bader's theory (QTAIM method).
Typology of metaphors in popular science media discourse (based on National Geographic resources)
Authors: Velykoroda Yuriy , Vasylyshyn Marta
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the analysis of conceptual metaphors in media discourse on the basis of English popular science texts. The material for the research includes texts from National Geographic resources (2016–2020), namely, from the National Geographic Magazine and Nat Geo Wild TV channel covering articles on history, environment, natural science, animal life and geography. The aim of the survey is to define the types of conceptual metaphors (after A. Chudinov) and to determine the dominant tendencies of their functioning. To achieve the aim, we used the conceptual analysis when determining conceptual models and their classification according to the types. Despite a somewhat indeterminate status of the popular science genre and its place in the structure of media or scientific discourse, scholars agree that such texts are characterized by a simplified presentation of scientific notions that should be easily understood by the audience which does not have the respective scientific background, as well as by the use of stylistic devices to make the text more expressive. In the survey, we have defined that all four types of metaphorical models are used in popular science media texts: anthropomorphous, nature-morphous, sociomorphous and artefact metaphors. Sociomorphous and artefact metaphors have been used most widely. By using sociomorphous metaphors, the authors of popular science texts compare natural phenomena with social relations between people. Namely, the behavior of animals or the functioning of plants is compared with military, sports or professional activity of people. The most prominent type was that of the artefact metaphors. By using such metaphors, authors draw parallels between how the animal world operates or how natural phenomena happen, and how more familiar artificial objects function. The most dominant in this group was the metaphor with the source domain “machine”, which is mapped on such spheres as “natural phenomenon”, “member of the animal world” etc. In addition to this source domain, artefact metaphors also included such concepts as clothes, building, food products. A relatively insignificant number of anthropomorphous and nature-morphous metaphors could be explained by the fact that in order to conceptualize natural phenomena, authors tend to use domains from noncontiguous spheres. The results of the article contribute to better understanding of how popular science texts function. Further research in this direction could be done in the examination of other lingual cognitive features of such texts, namely in researching how conceptual metonymies function here, as well as survey of other stylistically expressive means in these texts.
Hand Weaving in Modern Cultural Space of Ukraine: disappearing tradition
Authors: Buigasheva Alla
Published: November 2020

The article shows the main problems of weaving. The content of the concept of “weaving” is revealed. It examines the role of weaving in a modern cultural space. The special attention is given to practical work of students who study tapestry art. It is explored the modern creative work of masters of weaving art of Ukraine.
CALLIGRAPHY IS A BEAUTIFUL BRANCH ON THE TREE OF FONTS
Authors: Zadnipryany Gennady
Published: November 2020

The article is sanctified to the analysis of development and modern state of calligraphy, cursive writing. The problems of study of calligraphy are considered at school.
Formation of Phenomenon of “inner emigration” in Western Scientific Discourse
Authors: Pylypushko Bohdan
Published: November 2020

The article examines the concept of “inner emigration”, observes and researches the materials of Western European and American scholars on this issue, as well as determines the consequences of the phenomenon of “inner emigration” in the post-totalitarian society.
Permintaan Investor dan Karakteristik Keuangan terhadap Keputusan Pembayaran Dividen
Authors: Tedja Imelia Carolina , Suganda Tarsisius Renald , Oktariani Fitri
Published: November 2020

Dividend payment decision is an essential policy of companies to provide investors’ expectation of investment returns. This research is aimed to prove the catering theory of dividend and financial characteristics affecting corporate decisions in dividend payments. The study was conducted on a manufacturing company published on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Analyzing the prediction of catering theory and financial analysis of companies in making dividend payments is conducted using the logistic regression method. This research is a quantitative research and moreover manufacturing companies as research sample were used from 2014 to 2018. Financial statements were obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The result of this study indicated that investors’ demand has positive effect on dividend payment decisions. Hence, companies consider catering in dividend payment decisions. While corporate financial characteristics such as free cash flow have positive effect on dividend payment decisions, profitability has no influence on dividend payment decisions and moreover, leverage has a negative influence on dividend payment decisions.

Keywords: Catering Theory, Investor Demand, Free Cash Flow, Profitability, Leverage
Impacto de aguas residuales sobre algunas propiedades y acumulación de metales pesados en el suelo
Authors: García-Carrillo Mario , Luna-Ortega J. Guadalupe , Gallegos-Robles Miguel Ángel , Preciado-Rangel Pablo , Cervantes-Vázquez María Gabriela , González-Salas Uriel
Published: November 2020

El uso de aguas residuales para el riego de cultivos agrícolas es una práctica que se ha incrementado en los últimos años; sin embargo, su uso prolongado puede causar degradación y contaminación del suelo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto del uso de aguas residuales cruda, tratada y mezclada (relación 1:1), sobre la densidad aparente (Da), potencial de hidrógeno (pH), conductividad eléctrica (CE), capacidad de intercambio catiónico (CIC), materia orgánica (MO), porciento de sodio intercambiable (PSI), concentración de cobre (Cu), plomo (Pb) y cadmio (Cd) a tres profundidades del suelo. La investigación fue realizada en terrenos irrigados durante un periodo de 10 años con estas clases de agua. Los resultados indican diferencias significativas entre las fuentes de agua evaluadas para el caso de la Da con valores de 1.21, 1.25, y 1.50 g cm-3, para los suelos irrigados con agua residual cruda, tratada y mezclada, respectivamente. Altamente significativas para el pH con resultados de 8.04 y 8.60 para los terrenos regados con agua residual cruda y tratada y el PSI del suelo con porcentajes de 1.64, 4.64 y 6.44 para el agua residual cruda, tratada y mezclada, respectivamente. Las más altas concentraciones de Cu, Pb y Cd, fueron 1.48, 2.91 y 0.16 mg kg-1 para el suelo regado con agua residual cruda, sin superar los límites máximos permisibles establecidos en la Norma Oficial Mexicana. Los valores más altos de Da se observaron en la profundidad 60-90 cm para el agua residual cruda y tratada con valores de 1.32 y 1.42 g cm-3 respectivamente. En la concentración de Pb y Cu, los valores más altos se observaron en la profundidad de 0-30 cm con valores de 2.26 y 1.44 mg kg‑1, respectivamente. La utilización de agua residual cruda modifica negativamente las propiedades físico-químicas e incrementa metales pesados en los primeros estratos del suelo.
High phosphorus fertilization reduces mycorrhizal colonization and plant biomass of three cultivars of pineapple
Authors: Trejo Dora , Bañuelos Jacob , Gavito Mayra E. , Sangabriel-Conde Wendy
Published: November 2020

A strategy to increase the productivity of pineapple agricultural systems is the excessive application of chemical fertilizers. In the state of Veracruz, Mexico, pineapple fields are being fertilized with P (180 to 240 kg ha-1) to maximize yields so that fertilizer applications keep increasing. We assessed the interaction between chemical phosphorus fertilizers, the establishment of mycorrhizal associations and biomass production of Cayenne, Champaka, and MD2 cultivars of pineapple in a greenhouse experiment. Plants were inoculated with a mycorrhizal consortium and grown with 0, 80, 200, 300, 500, and 600 mg phosphorus kg-1 soil additions in 8 kg pots for 8 months. Phosphorus reduced mycorrhizal colonization already at the lowest phosphorus fertilization dose in two of the three cultivars and became minimal for all cultivars from 200 mg P kg-1 soil. At the two highest phosphorus fertilization levels, shoot dry biomass and the dry weight of leaf D was reduced in all cultivars. The results show that the farmer´s practice of adding excessive fertilizer as an insurance principle is reaching the levels where fertilization is becoming detrimental for production and mycorrhizal benefits for the crop and the soil are being eliminated.
Combinación de hongos micorrízicos y fertilización fosforada en el crecimiento de dos agaves silvestres
Authors: García Martínez Ledia Itzel , Sánchez-Mendoza Saúl , Bautista-Cruz Angélica
Published: November 2020

Los hongos micorrízicos arbusculares pueden contribuir signif icativamente en la nutrición vegetal, en especial en la asimilación de fósforo (P). Los agaves silvestres son sobreexplotados debido a la producción intensiva de mezcal, ocasionando la disminución de sus poblaciones naturales. Se evaluó el efecto de la inoculación con hongos micorrízicos arbusculares comerciales y la aplicación de diferentes dosis de P sobre el crecimiento y contenido de sólidos solubles totales (SST) de dos agaves silvestres: agave tobalá (Agave potatorum Zucc) y agave coyote (Agave spp.) en condiciones protegidas. Los productos micorrízicos comerciales utilizados fueron Glomus cubense (M1) y Glumix (M2) y cuatro dosis de P: 0, 14.4, 29 y 43.5 mg kg-1. El ensayo se estableció en un experimento bifactorial 3 × 4 en un diseño completamente al azar. Las variables respuesta fueron altura de planta (AP), número de hojas (NH), diámetro de tallo (DT), volumen radicular (VR), densidad de raíces (DR), peso fresco de hoja (PFH), peso fresco de tallo (PFT), peso fresco de raíz (PFR) y SST. Con referencia al control, M2 incrementó 18.2% el NH, 53.5% el PFH, 38.1% el PFT y 36% el DT en agave tobalá; mientras en agave coyote, la AP aumentó 12% y el SST 21.3%. En agave tobalá la dosis de 43.5 mg kg-1 de P mejoró 13.2% la AP, 34.9% el PFH, 36.1% el PFT, 21.5% el DT y 20.4% el VR. En agave coyote la dosis de 29 mg kg-1 de P aumentó 16.4% la AP, 44.4% el PFT y 18.6% el DT; el SST incrementó 40% con 43.5 mg kg-1 de P y el PFH 51% con 14.4 mg kg-1 de P. En agave tobalá, M2 + 43.5 mg kg-1 de P favoreció el PFH, PFT y DT. En agave coyote, M2 + 14.4 mg kg-1 de P, M2 + 29 mg kg-1 de P y M2 + 43.5 mg kg-1 de P promovieron la AP, DT y SST. La promoción en el crecimiento de ambos agaves se debió a la aplicación individual de micorrizas y P más que a la interacción de ambos factores.
Rendimiento de maíz (Zea mays L.) en la mixteca, calculado con DSSAT
Authors: García-Montesinos Luis Enrique , Fernández-Reynoso Demetrio Salvador , Rubio-Granados Erasmo , Martínez-Menes Mario Roberto , Tijerina-Chávez Leonardo
Published: November 2020

Los modelos de simulación, basados en procesos biofísicos, aplicados a la agricultura permiten conocer la dinámica de variables biológicas y ambientales, pero su uso implica grandes cantidades de información de suelo, clima, manejo y fenología de cultivos. En este estudio se calibraron y validaron, con el rendimiento del grano, los coeficientes genéticos del modelo CERES-Maize (Crop Environment Resource Synthesis) (DSSAT, versión 4.7) de plantas híbridas y criollas de maíz (Zea mays L.). El objetivo fue determinar el alcance y las limitaciones del modelo para estimar rendimientos de grano en la región Mixteca de Oaxaca, México. Para el proceso de calibración el ajuste para el maíz híbrido mostró r2 = 0.94 y RMSE = 567.11 y para el criollo se obtuvo r2 = 0.86 y RMSE = 601.58. En el proceso de validación correlación del maíz híbrido mostró r2 = 0.73 y RMSE = 976.65, valores mayores que el cultivar criollo (r2 = 0.62, RMSE = 698.74). El modelo CERES subestimó en promedio 10% del rendimiento del grano. Los cultivares híbridos mostraron un ajuste 10% mayor que los criollos. En general el modelo CERES-Maize estimó adecuadamente los rendimientos de maíz.
Corrección de la sintomatología “oreja de ratón” en nogal pecanero con aplicaciones foliares de níquel
Authors: Hernández-López Mónica , Rodríguez-Ortiz Juan Carlos , Hernández-Montiel Luis Guillermo , Figueroa-Viramontes Uriel , Zapata-Sifuentes Gerardo , Preciado-Rangel Pablo
Published: November 2020

La deficiencia de níquel (Ni) en los árboles de nogal (Carya illinoinensi (Wangenh.) K. Koch) afecta negativamente el crecimiento de hojas, el metabolismo del nitrógeno y de carbono durante la expansión del follaje y consecuente el rendimiento. La fertilización con micronutrientes al suelo es poco efectiva en suelos con alto contenido de carbonatos y pH alto. Evaluar el efecto de la aplicación foliar de níquel sobre el rendimiento, contenido nutrimental y área foliar en hojas de nogal. En un diseño bloques al azar se asperjaron foliarmente cuatro dosis crecientes: 100, 150, 200 y 250 mg L-1 y un testigo sin aplicación. Los resultados indican que la aspersión foliar de Ni corrige la anormalidad conocida como oreja de ratón (aumento en el área foliar) e incrementa la absorción de este elemento inhibiendo la absorción del Cu y Mn. La aspersión de 100 mg L-1 incrementó el rendimiento de nuez por árbol y el área foliar en hojas de nogal.
COVID-19: Los reajustes en el trabajo de investigación científica en México
Authors: Ortega-Rubio Alfredo , Murillo-Amador Bernardo , Díaz-Castro Sara Cecilia , Beltrán-Morales Luis Felipe , Gómez-Anduro Gracia Alicia , Castro-Iglesias Cinthya , Blazquez-Moreno Maria Del Carmen
Published: November 2020

En el futuro inmediato y a mediano plazo las actividades de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Formación de Recursos Humanos, Vinculación y Apropiación Social del Conocimiento padecerán los embates de las nuevas restricciones que ha impuesto la nueva realidad de la Pandemia por COVID-19. Las sociedades, economías, Instituciones de Investigación y de Educación Superior que logren adaptarse más rápido a estos nuevos retos y posean las capacidades estructurales para hacer flexibles sus procesos, tendrán posibilidades de salir más rápido de esta contingencia global. En México, desde el punto de vista de la transferencia social del conocimiento, lejos de ser un fenómeno disruptivo, la evolución que ha seguido esta transferencia pareciera encontrar desde el confinamiento y el impacto de la pandemia COVID-9, posibilidades reales de incrementar el interés por los temas de ciencia y la posibilidad de acceder a ellos mediante el uso de las tecnologías de la información (TIC´s). Este es el caso de las acciones de transferencia social del conocimiento en un centro público de investigación como el Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), en el que se han consolidado las plataformas digitales para enfrentar de manera positiva los tiempos. En este trabajo se ofrecen recomendaciones detalladas, concretas y específicas para que las instituciones públicas de investigación y de Educación Superior en México se adapten lo más eficiente y ejecutivamente, en materia de investigación científica, humanística y tecnológica, formación de recursos humanos, vinculación y apropiación social del conocimiento a la nueva realidad impuesta por la pandemia.
Salir de la invisibilidad: nuevos retos para la ciencia del suelo
Authors: Etchevers-Barra Jorge D. , Cotler-Ávalos Helena , Hidalgo-Moreno Claudia
Published: November 2020

Las funciones y servicios ecosistémicos que los suelos proveen son esenciales para la calidad de vida humana, por ello se encuentran inmersos en siete de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), aunque no explícitamente. Sin embargo, en México, el deterioro de los suelos es cada vez mayor, al grado de ser una amenaza para la seguridad alimentaria. A pesar de la abundante investigación sobre suelos realizada por las distintas instituciones públicas del país, poco de ella se refleja en las políticas públicas. Ante esta ausencia se plantean nuevos formas de investigación, donde los diálogos inter y transdisciplinarios son necesarios, así como nuevos enfoques de estudio, que de manera individual y como parte de la Sociedad Mexicana de Ciencias del Suelo deben atenderse.
A SURVEY ON THE CAUSES OF RESURRECTION OF DEFUNCT “LAZARUS PHENOMENON” FROM ACUPUNCTURE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Ahangarkelai Nadali Esmaeili
Published: November 2020

Background and Objective: Every year in the world, a significant number of people who have passed a way for different reasons, revive. In many of these cases, medical science has no answer for the phenomenon. This study investigates the causes of temporary death and revival from acupuncture perspective.  Methods: This research is a descriptive study done in 2017. The samples are chosen among individuals in the world whose resurrection has been reported by the media. A check list was prepared by consulting the experts which contains age, gender, cause of death, death duration, cause of revival, place of revival, consciousness after death and governmental verification of death. Data were reported using SPSS (19) software.  Results: Death caused by heart disease and accidents is 20 (17.4 %) for each. 20 (17.4%) of the individuals who have resurrected were between the ages 20 to 40. Death duration was 24 hours for 17 people (14.8 %) and 1 to 30 minutes in 14 cases (12.2 %). Place of revival was hospital in 27 cases (23.5 %), morgue in 23 cases (20 %), autopsy lab in 6 cases (5.2 %) and tomb in 31 cases (27 %). 17 individuals (14.8 %) were conscious about their death before revival.  Conclusions: It seems that major changes should be made in death prevention and specification in the world medical system. Correct recognition between temporary and permanent death can save many of the dead. Acupuncture points GV26 and Ki1 may have good impact on revival. More researches in this area can provide basic solutions for health policy determiners in the world.
COVID-19 AND THE MANAGEMENT OF THE ECONOMY OF ODISHA
Authors: Das Sanjukta , Banoo Saida
Published: November 2020

Occurrence of COVID-19 pandemic and the policy measures taken from time to time to contain its spread have brought a huge loss to the economy. In this paper an attempt is made to analyse these by taking the case of Odisha which is one of the States in India that have taken proactive role in managing the COVID-19 related disaster. It discusses the Government policy of lock down in the country and Odisha. This is followed by an analysis of the effect of Lock down on the economy and livelihood. Then it tries to suggest some steps for managing the economy in this situation. Here it mainly emphasizes the local economy model for sustainable management of the economy.