bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-precision three-dimensional inkjet technology for live cell bioprinting
Authors: Takagi Daisuke , Lin Waka , Matsumoto Takahiko , Yaginuma Hidekazu , Hemmi Natsuko , Hatada Shigeo , Seo Manabu
Published: June 2019

In recent years, bioprinting has emerged as a promising technology for the construction of three-dimensional (3D) tissues to be used in regenerative medicine or in vitro screening applications. In the present study, we present the development of an inkjet-based bioprinting system to arrange multiple cells and materials precisely into structurally organized constructs. A novel inkjet printhead has been specially designed for live cell ejection. Droplet formation is powered by piezoelectric membrane vibrations coupled with mixing movements to prevent cell sedimentation at the nozzle. Stable drop-on-demand dispensing and cell viability were validated over an adequately long time to allow the fabrication of 3D tissues. Reliable control of cell number and spatial positioning was demonstrated using two separate suspensions with different cell types printed sequentially. Finally, a process for constructing stratified Mille-Feuille-like 3D structures is proposed by alternately superimposing cell suspensions and hydrogel layers with a controlled vertical resolution. The results show that inkjet technology is effective for both two-dimensional patterning and 3D multilayering and has the potential to facilitate the achievement of live cell bioprinting with an unprecedented level of precision.
L’érographie littéraire féminine : la frénésie sexuelle maîtrisée?
Authors: Destais Alexandra
Published: June 2019

Le récit érographique soumet le corps sexuel à deux modifications essentielles : d'une part, il amplifie son potentiel énergétique; d’autre part, il le dépersonnalise. Contrairement à un préjugé commun, le trop-plein de ce corps érotique n'entraîne pas une dépense désordonnée, mais est au contraire canalisé par des contraintes formelles. De même, les contraintes propres au genre érographique peuvent cohabiter avec les contraintes propres au récit d'amour. Cette conciliation est largement tributaire d’une certaine conception du corps féminin à l’œuvre par exemple dans Histoire d’O. En effet, ambivalent, le corps de l’héroïne est un corps érotico-amoureux relié à un moi psychologique qui poursuit une quête dont l’issue est tragique. La confrontation de Sade à Histoire d’O ainsi que l’examen d’œuvres féminines qui tantôt s’inscrivent dans le sillage sadomasochiste, tantôt se réclament d’une érotique proprement féminine nous montrent qu’il existe une corrélation entre, d’une part, un certain imaginaire du vivant et, d’autre part, les contraintes formelles chargées de le mettre en scène.AbstractIn erotic's novel, sexual body is bound by both essential modifications: on the one hand, his energy is amplified; on the other hand, it's depersonnalized. Contrary to commune prejudice, the excess of erotic's body doesn't involve a disorder but is controlled by formal constraints. However, erotic constraints can live with love novels constraints. This conciliation depends on a certain point of view of woman's body in this novel written by Pauline Reage (Dominique Aury), The Story of O. Half-object, half-subject, O's body is an erotic but too a lover body which is personnalized in a tragic story. The comparison between Sade and The Story of O and the study of others erotic novels written by women shows that it exists a correlation between a certain living imagination and formal constraints which represent it.
L’entretien avec Jean-Paul Sartre. Le questionnaire implicite du discours sur la littérature des écrivains Verdier
Authors: Barraband Mathilde
Published: June 2019

Nées en quelque sorte de la rencontre de Jean-Paul Sartre et de Benny Lévy à la fin des années 1970, les éditions Verdier ont aujourd’hui réussi à fédérer autour d’elles des écrivains importants de la littérature française contemporaine. Certains de ces écrivains (Pierre Bergounioux, François Bon, Didier Daeninckx, Pierre Michon, Natacha Michel et Olivier Rolin) et les éditeurs Verdier eux-mêmes ont en commun d’être passés de l’engagement gauchiste dans les années 1970 à l’engagement dans la littérature au début des années 1980. L’article pose alors ces questions : que reste-t-il, dans le discours sur la littérature de ces auteurs, des grands concepts, des grandes idées de Sartre? Quelles fonctions sociales assignent-ils à la littérature et pour qui affirment-ils écrire?AbstractArising from the meeting of Jean-Paul Sartre and Benny Levy in the late 70s, Éditions Verdier have now attracted important writers of contemporary French literature. These writers (Pierre Bergounioux, François Bon, Didier Daeninckx, Pierre Michon, Natacha Michel and Olivier Rolin) and Verdier as publishers have in common that they went from leftist commitment in the 70s to commitment in literature in the early 80s. The article raises the following questions: in the discourse on literature of these writers, what remains of Sartre's major concepts and main ideas? What social functions do they assign to literature? And for whom do they write?
La folie des grandeurs. L’écrivain et la chose littéraire dans les essais de Richard Millet
Authors: Lapointe Martine-Emmanuelle
Published: June 2019

Dans la série d’essais et d’entretiens qu’il publie entre 2005 et 2008, Richard Millet fait état de l’appauvrissement de la littérature contemporaine sur le mode de la complainte et de la déploration. Au fil des textes parus en marge de son œuvre romanesque, l’auteur se présente comme le dernier d’une grande lignée, héritier d’une tradition moribonde à laquelle nul ne semble plus vouloir s’attacher. L’analyse de la figure de l’écrivain « déprogrammé », indifférent aux diktats et aux discours sociaux de son époque, permet de mettre au jour les paradoxes de l’argumentation de l’auteur. Refusant haut et fort de jouer le jeu de la politique, Millet se retrouve néanmoins dans l’arène, écartelé entre l’idéalisme du « dernier écrivain » et l’hyperréalisme du pamphlétaire.AbstractIn his essays and interviews published between 2005 and 2008, Richard Millet puts forward the impoverishment of contemporary literature by lamenting and deploring. On the margins of his novels, the author uses his writings to introduce himself as the last one of a great line, heir of a dying tradition no one really wants to belong to any more. The analysis of the « deprogrammed » writer’s figure, indifferent to the diktats and social discourses of his time, will bring to light the paradoxes of the author’s argumentation. By refusing categorically to play the political game, Millet nonetheless finds himself inside the arena, torn between the idealism of « the last writer » and the hyper-realism of the lampoonist.
Qui est inclus dans le « nous » du discours portant sur la francophonie?
Authors: St-Pierre Joannie
Published: June 2019

Qui est inclus dans le « nous » du discours portant sur la francophonie? Étude des relations de pouvoir dans le contenu latent des manuels scolaires d’études sociales à l’intention des élèves de l’élémentaire.

Les manuels scolaires sont des artéfacts culturels illustrant des valeurs, des idéologies et des croyances : les choix, les terminologies, les mises en évidence ou les omissions contribuent à inclure ou à exclure certaines visions du monde  . Puisque le message que transmet le langage utilisé dans le matériel scolaire a sur les représentations qu’ont les élèves de la citoyenneté, une analyse critique du discours a été faite afin d’approfondir le contenu latent des neuf fascicules à l’intention des élèves de cinquième année et de sixième année fréquentant des écoles élémentaires de langue française de l’Ontario. Les données ont été analysées en fonction des quatre perspectives suivantes : la structure et les caractéristiques des fascicules, la construction des personnages, les omissions ainsi que le pouvoir et les intérêts manifestés. La présente recherche révèle la présence de relations de pouvoir au sein du contenu latent de l’échantillon et remet en question la façon dont sont représentés les groupes ethniques dans le discours scolaire portant sur la francophonie. Depuis le 31 août 2015, puisqu’aucun manuel n’est recommandé en Ontario pour couvrir cette matière et ces niveaux scolaires, les suggestions qui découleront de cette étude devraient affiner l’évaluation des éventuelles publications afin que les représentations de la francophonie et des groupes ethniques au sein du matériel scolaire soient plus représentatives des faits réels passés et de la situation actuelle qu’ils ne le sont présentement.
Neuroética: supuestos a través de publicaciones en el campo
Authors: Rodríguez Suárez Nathalia
Published: June 2019

El avance de la tecnociencia ha permitido un progreso importante en el conocimiento del cerebro, lo que se acompaña de desafíos que surgen a partir de procesos de evaluación e intervención de este maravilloso y complejo órgano. Estos desafíos son abordados, en parte, por un nuevo saber: la Neuroética, con una notable relevancia en la actualidad, y visible a través de publicaciones científicas. El objetivo del presente artículo es, por tanto, describir los supuestos que se reflejan a través de los temas que se publican en Neuroética, en un curso de 4 años. La metodología utilizada involucró la revisión de bases de datos y motores de búsqueda de revistas científicas en diferentes áreas del conocimiento, con la palabra clave «Neuroética» (neuroethics). Los artículos referenciados señalan como tema más frecuente el impacto que tienen las investigaciones en el cerebro, así como los límites que existen entre la Neuroética y otros campos del saber. La revisión arroja cuestiones importantes como el desconocimiento de la Neuroética por parte de los neurocientíficos y las dificultades en cuanto a la unidad de los conceptos propios de ese saber.
El Contractualismo como fundamento de implicación en cuestiones morales sobre la naturaleza y el ambiente
Authors: Pérez Vargas John Jairo
Published: June 2019

El presente texto busca hacer un recorrido a través de una propuesta ética antropocéntrica, con el fin de establecer un tipo de vínculo moral que incluya a todos los agentes racionales, en el ejercicio de un actuar moral en pro del ambiente y los animales; para ello se analiza, define y establece de manera particular, una propuesta ética contractual basada en varios aportes teóricos de diferentes autores contractualistas. Para posteriormente derivar las llamadas responsabilidades morales indirectas que recaen sobre los pacientes morales, que para este caso son los animales y el medio ambiente, de manera que se confirme la existencia de principios de acción moral, que puedan ser aceptados de manera razonable por todos los agentes contractuales.
Editorial
Authors: Escobar Triana Jaime Alberto
Published: June 2019

El Departamento de Bioética de la Universidad El Bosque se complace en presentar a la comunidad académica y a la sociedad interesada en el campo el volumen 14(1) de la Revista Colombiana de Bioética, del periodo enero-junio de 2019. El presente número incluye un artículo de investigación, seis artículos de reflexión, dos artículos de revisión y tres ponencias, algunos de ellos trabajos presentados durante el XXIV Seminario Internacional de Bioética: Comités de Bioética: ¿Tecnocracia o democracia?, realizado en la Universidad El Bosque, en Bogotá, los días 17 y 18 de agosto de 2018.
Adjunctive Antifibrotic Therapy with Mitomycin C and 5-Fluorouracil: A Review of their use in Glaucoma Surgery and Considerations around Ophthalmic Compounding
Authors: R Fiscella , CW Leiter , F Massoomi , R Noecker , A Sheybani
Published: June 2019

Background: Antifibrotics and antimetabolites, including 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and mitomycin C (MMC), have been used for decades to improve ophthalmic surgical outcomes, most notably with glaucoma filtering procedures. Adjuvant MMC and 5-FU also enhance the efficacy of minimally invasive subconjunctival drainage implants now being used. The authors feel that a review of the usage and safety of these agents is merited, especially in light of updated and new USP guidelines for compounded and hazardous drugs.Main Body: The mode of perioperative administration of MMC during glaucoma surgery is evolving with a shift from the traditional sponge application to subconjunctival injection, allowing for a more precise dosing and controlled administration of this medication. Several studies demonstrate effective use of MMC and 5-FU, at a variety of different doses. Most of these studies use compounded MMC and 5-FU. Glaucoma surgeons must be careful in how they source MMC, however, as the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) expects physicians to use FDA-approved drug products when clinically appropriate. When a physician determines a compounded version of MMC is clinically necessary for an individual patient, the FDA closely regulates how and when drug products can be compounded and by what type of facilities. There will also be additional increased scrutiny on storage and disposal of MMC and 5-FU as new regulations are introduced.Conclusion: This review of MMC and 5-FU and their role in glaucoma surgery will address questions regarding drug safety, procurement, use, and disposal.
Case Report: Epstein-Barr virus Positive Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: E Gasenko , A Hegmane , S Plate , Z Zvirbule , E Elsberga , O Sjomina , S Preinberga , R Skapars , J Pavlova , L Tzivian , A Sivins
Published: June 2019

In 2014, The Cancer Genome Atlas provided a molecular classification defining Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive gastric cancer as a separate subtype. While its prognostic role is still debatable, emerging potential biomarker role for personalized treatment strategies is already recognized by international guidelines. We report a case with successful combined therapy of a 64-year-old EBV-positive gastric cancer male patient. Patient initially presented with locally advanced gastric cancer, which was treated surgically; three years later patient developed recurrence within the remnant stomach and was treated surgically. Two years after operation patient developed distant metastases and was enrolled in a clinical trials’ (NCT01630083) arm 2: receiving chemotherapy and monoclonal antibody claudiximab. This treatment induced durable disease stabilisation for 34 months. After progression, second line chemotherapy with docetaxel and cisplatin provided additional disease stabilisation and symptom control for 8 months. Patient’s overall survival reached 9.1 years. Presented report shows EBV- ositive gastric cancer case with better overall survival compared to reported average, which contributes to the meaningfulness of its distinction as a separate subtype, evidence that targeted therapy is more effective in selected patient groups, and EBV as an emerging biomarker.
Rethinking the VOC: Two Cheers for Progress
Authors: Gommans Jos
Published: June 2019

This article is part of the forum 'Rethinking the VOC: Between Archival Management and Research Practice'. In this essay, Jos Gommans provides a short survey of some recent developments in the historiography of the voc. He argues that Asian historians in particular have used the voc archive to acquire new insights into the regional histories of Asia. This progress needs to be consolidated by combining the further exploration of the voc-archive with the in-depth study of the Asian cultures that the voc encountered. Combining archival study and cultural empathy will also shed new light on the historical process of identity formation of both Asians and Dutch. In dit essay geeft Jos Gommans een kort overzicht van enkele recente ontwikkelingen in de geschiedschrijving van de voc. Hij betoogt dat vooral Aziatische historici het voc-archief hebben gebruikt om nieuwe inzichten te verwerven in de Aziatische regionale geschiedenis. Deze vooruitgang moet worden bestendigd door de verdere exploratie van het voc-archief te combineren met een diepgaande studie van de Aziatische culturen waar de voc mee van doen had. Een dergelijke combinatie van archiefstudie en culturele empathie zal ook meer licht werpen op het historische proces van identiteitsvorming van zowel Aziaten alsook Nederlanders.
Book Reviews / Boekbesprekingen / Comptes rendus
Authors: Deelstra Hendrik , Stamhuis Ida , Maas Ad , Huurman Jan , Klerk Saskia , Sysling Fenneke
Published: June 2019

- Florike Egmond, Eye for Detail. Images of plants and animals in art and science, 1500-1630 (London: Reaktion books, 2017) ISBN 978-1-78023-640-7, 280 pp. 128 kleur ill., index. £ 35.- Geert Vanpaemel, Wetenschap als Roeping: een Geschiedenis van de Leuvense Faculteit voor Wetenschappen (Leuven: Universitaire Pers Leuven, 2017) 208 pp., ISBN 978 94 6270 102 1, paperback, ill., € 25.- Kaat Wils, Raf de Bont en Sokhieng Au (red.) Bodies beyond borders. Moving anatomies, 1750-1950 (Leuven: Leuven University Press, 2017) 304 pp., ill., ISBN 9789462700949, € 59,50.- Patricia Faasse, Een beetje opstandigheid. Johanna Westerdijk, de eerste vrouwelijke hoogleraar van Nederland (Amsterdam/Antwerpen: Atlas Contact, 2012) ISBN 978 90 254 3944 6, 352 pp., € 30.- Dineke Stam, m.m.v. Mineke Bosch en Nazila Ahmadie, Briljante studente, heel origineel! Negentig jaar Fonds Dr. Catherine van Tussenbroek voor vrouwen in de wetenschap, Stichting Fonds Catherine van Tussenbroek (Hilversum: Verloren, 2016) ISBN 978-90-8704-632-3, 130 pp., index, € 10.- Martijn van Calmthout, Sam Goudsmit. De zoektocht naar de atoombom van Hitler (Amsterdam: Meulenhof 2016) 288 pp., ill., ISBN 978 90 290 8958 6. € 25.- Kees-Jan van Klaveren, Het onafhankelijkheidssyndroom. Een cultuurgeschiedenis van het naoorlogse Nederlandse zorgstelsel (Amsterdam: Wereldbibliotheek, 2016) 286 pp., ISBN 9789028425507, € 30.
Huddes Specilla circularia (1656), vertaald in het Nederlands
Authors: Davidse Ad , Hudde Johannes
Published: June 2019

This small treatise by Hudde discusses “circular lenses, or how one can construct all kinds of optical instruments by circular figures only, both microscopes and telescopes, so that they produce the same effect as elliptical or hyperbolic figures, or at least as close as possible”.
The Use of Proton MR Spectroscopy in Epilepsy: A Methodological Review
Authors: Mobarakeh Neda Mohammadi , Fadaie Fatemeh , Nazem Zadeh Mohammad Reza , Mehvari Habibabadi Jafar , Saligheh Rad Hamidreza
Published: June 2019

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) has at least two major roles in the evaluation of epileptic patients. First, MRS can help to understand the interaction between seizures and metabolic function. Thus, MRS is particularly interesting for basic science studies of seizures and epilepsy. Second, MRS can explain the nature of seizure control and/or provide localization information by measuring metabolic changes. So MRS can be used as a powerful complementary technique to structural MRI for diagnosis and assessment of response to therapy, and measurement of disease progression. The aim of this paper is to review the methodological aspects of 1H-MRS publications between 1994 to 2016, which utilized 1H-MRS in lateralizing the epileptogenic zone in lesional and non-lesional Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE), Extra-Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (ETLE), and generalized epileptic patients to help the spectroscopist, magnetic resonance imaging technologists, and radiologists to improve the overall diagnostic sensitivity in epileptic patients.
Gamma Spectrometry in the Presence of Fast Neutrons
Authors: Hassanzadeh Iran , Allahverdy Armin , Jahanbakhsh Okhtay , Khorrami Moghaddam Alireza
Published: June 2019

Purpose: In some gamma spectroscopy experiments, neutrons may also be present, so depending on experimental conditions, Gamma spectroscopy can be influenced by the presence of neutrons.
Materials and Methods: In this study, a NaI(Tl)(63 mm×63 mm) detector is used to investigate the effects of fast neutrons on the spectrum of gamma photons. The radiation source used in these experiments is made up of two point sources: an AmBe (50 mCi) neutron source and a 137Cs(10 mCi) gamma source.
Results: Results were determined through both measurements and Monte Carlo simulation (MCNPX) under two different experimental conditions and were compared. When the detector is placed under an angle to the source, gamma photon energy peaks resulting from inelastic interactions of the fast neutrons with the detector materials and surrounding materials in the energy range of 0.1-0.9(MeV) are pretty visible in the gamma main spectrum. These results can be used to optimize industrial tomography experiments carried out with NaI(Tl) scintillators.
Conclusion: Also, the results show that the detection of fast neutrons with a NaI(Tl) scintillator is possible with low efficiency.
Detection of Early Stages Dental Caries Using Photoacoustic Signals: The Simulation Study
Authors: Arabpou Samira , Najafzadeh Ebrahim , Farnia Parastoo , Ahmadian Alireza , Ghadiri Hossein , Ahmad Akhoundi Mohammad Sadegh
Published: June 2019

Purpose: Dental caries is known as one of the most common oral diseases in the world. Tooth decay progresses slowly, and the symptoms are not regularly visible until it reaches an irreversible phase and needs to be removed with extensive restoration treatment. If the lesions could be diagnosed at an initial stage, the progress of dental diseases would be stopped through preventive treatments. Conventional methods for caries detection are visual examinations and X-Ray imaging methods that have significant limitations such as poor sensitivity and specificity at the earliest stages of the disease due to the small size of the lesions.
Materials and Methods: Photoacoustic imaging as a non-invasive hybrid imaging modality combines the high spatial resolution of ultrasound with the rich optical contrasts of optical imaging, and it is much safer than the ionizing radiation like X-ray imaging. In this study, the simulation of the light propagation and energy deposition in the tooth was done using Monte Carlo to form the initial pressure for acoustic simulations which is done by the K-Wave toolbox. The simulations were implemented by a tooth model which is including enamel, dentin, pulp, and gum layers.
Results: Simulation results revealed that early tooth lesions could be detected by a broad beam light source better than the pencil beam light source in photoacoustic imaging. Also, as our simulation results proved, the amount of energy deposition for the bigger lesions is significantly higher than the smaller lesions using the broad beam light source.
Conclusion: Photoacoustic imaging as a promising imaging modality which is non-contact, non- invasive and non-ionizing imaging modality could detect early-stage tooth caries and provide quantitative information for white spot lesion evaluation.
Event-Related Potential Correlates of Biased Cognitive Processing and Control in Substance Abusers: A Review
Authors: Khajehpour Hassan , Mohagheghian Fahimeh , Bakht Sepideh , Samadzadehaghdam Nasser , Eqlimi Ehsan , Makkiabadi Bahador
Published: June 2019

Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) have been used in addiction studies to evaluate cognitive performance and craving in individuals with Substance Use Dependence (SUD). This paper reviews studies that used ERPs to investigate cue reactivity, inhibitory control and error processing in SUDs. Five abused substances are included in the investigation, i.e. alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, cocaine, and methamphetamine. For each substance, the main recent findings related to the ERPs are specifically discussed, according to the latency of ERPs.
The results show that individuals with SUDs allocate more attention resources to the cognitive processing of substance-related cues, indexed by increased amplitude of middle and late latency ERPs. Laboratory observations also show amplitude enlargement for early latency ERPs. SUDs reveal a deficiency in the inhibitory control and conscious error processing, indexed by attenuated N2 and Pe amplitude. The cognitive and motor inhibitory component (P3) changes show a controversial result.
This study expands the findings of previous related reviews implying that substance abusers allocate more attentional resources to drug cues indexed by enlarged P3 and LPP amplitude. Regarding P3 elicited in inhibitory control tasks, there is not still convergent results, while N2 and Pe become attenuated as reported in previous reviews. The outcomes also show that the chance of relapse to substance abuse could be predicted by recording ERPs reflecting inhibitory control and error processing.
Utility Estimation of Health Status of Cancer Patients by Mapping for Cost-Utility Analysis
Authors: Mortezaei Ali Reza , Rajabi Marziyeh , Erfani Khanghahi Masoumeh , Ameri Hossein
Published: June 2019

Background: It is important to obtain accurate information about the preferences of people for measuring quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), because it is necessary for cost-utility analysis. In this regard, mapping is a method to access this information. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to map Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – General (FACT-G) onto Short Form Six Dimension (SF-6D) in breast cancer patients to provide appropriate conditions for a detailed cost-utility analysis.
Methods: This descriptive analytical study was conducted on 416 patients with breast cancer. The SF-6D and FACT-G questionnaires were completed for patients selected by consecutive sampling from the Imam Khomeini Cancer Institute in Tehran in 2018. The Ordinary Least Squares model was used to estimate the value of utility and the models' goodness of fit was evaluated using R2. In addition, models' predictive performance was assessed by Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Minimal Important Difference (MID) conducted between the observed and predicted SF-6D values. Models were validated using a 10-fold cross validation method.
Results: Given the criteria of goodness of fit, model 2 was the best (R2 = 41.19 %). Moreover, findings of the predictive performance of models showed that model 2 was the best (MAE = 0.06943, RMSE = 0.09031, and MID = 0.0003).
Conclusions: Findings showed that the developed algorithm had a good predictive ability. So, it can enable the policymakers and researchers to convert cancer-specific health-related quality of life instruments to preference-based instruments.
Relationship between Health and Psychological Empowerment of the Librarians in the State Universities of Yazd (2016)
Authors: Sardari Farzaneh , Nemati-Anaraki Leila , Alibeyk Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2019

Staff is the only sustainable competitive advantage of any organization; the success of the organization depends on the empowerment and health of the staff. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychological empowerment and health of librarians in state universities of Yazd.
Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was conducted among librarians working in libraries, research centers, and journal offices of Yazd Universities in 2016. The tools included psychological empowerment questionnaire (α = 0.95) and GHQ28 questionnaire of Goldberg and Hiller (α = 0.83). Data were analyzed by SPSS 20 using Pearson, Anova, and t-test.
Results: The results showed that the mean scores of psychological empowerment and health score for librarians were 19.73 ± 2.44 and 23.48 ± 11.20, respectively. In the correlational study of health empowerment, Pearson correlation coefficient (p > 0.05) was obtained. The relationship between empowerment and health scores was significant and inverse.
Conclusion: Managers and administrators of libraries in Yazd state universities should consider the psychological empowerment of librarians as one of the main strategies for improving their health. Health status of the librarians should be considered as an important factor required for health evolution.
Inequality Assessment of Hospital Resources Distribution in West Azarbaijan Province Using Economic Indicators, Before-After Health System Reform plan
Authors: Golparipour Soraya , Nabilou Bahram , Yusefzadeh Hasan
Published: June 2019

Background:  Equity in access to health care services is one of the main goals of health systems, so that inequality in the geographical distribution of health resources will make it difficult for individuals to access the health care facilities. This study aimed to determine the distribution status of hospital resources and inequality coefficient in the West Azarbaijan province before and after implementation of the health system reform plan.
Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive-analytic study aimed to investigate inequality in the distribution of health resources in cities of West Azarbaijan province before and after health system reform plan using concentration ratio and Hall Tiedman indices. The required data for estimating these indices were the number of specialist physicians and hospital beds, which were extracted from the data base of treatment deputy in Urmia University of Medical Sciences. Data analysis was conducted by Excel software.
Results: The results indicated a high spatial concentration in distribution of the health resources in the province, so that fixed beds and specialist physicians were more concentrated in the capital city of province; Urmia. Moreover, inequality in distribution of the resources in cities of the province was highly related to population. Comparisons of the results before and after the health system reform plan showed that the distribution of fixed beds and specialist physicians had decreasing and increasing trends, respectively.
Conclusion: The results showed that inequality in distribution of the hospital beds was intensified after implementation of the health reform plan. Furthermore, distribution of specialist physicians after the reform plan, despite its improvement, was not according to the population distribution. Therefore, inappropriate distribution of the above-mentioned resources should be readjusted by adopting redistributive policies.
CONSERVATION OF DIVERSITY OF LOCAL FRUIT AND WILD BERRY CULTIVARS IN THE ISSYK-KUL REGION OF KYRGYZSTAN
Authors: Sariyeva G. E. , Turdieva M. K. , Aitbaeva Zh. T. , Kadyrkulova S. K. , Kachekova Sh. K. , Kudaibergenova A. K.
Published: June 2019

The Issyk-Kul region is one of the most preferable for horticulture regions of Kyrgyzstan. However, during last decades the biological and agronomical diversity in this region is significantly decreasing due to transmission to market economics. In this term the aim of our survey was estimating of present level of diversity of fruit trees and wild berries, as well as vitamin content after long winter storage. This survey was organized in two districts of Issyk-Kul region – Dzhety-Oguz and Ak-Suu by the interview of 217 local farmers, the vitamin content was determined by known methodic. The study showed that there are 4 varieties of pears, of which 3 are local / traditional; 8 varieties of apricot with 5 local and 26 varieties of apple with 21 local. More than half of the local varieties of pears, apples and apricots disappear at the present time due to different reasons (non-compliance with market requirements for long-distance storage and transportation of fruits, bacterial burn disease that affected 90% of all pear plantations, lack of planting material and of knowledge and skills for grafting, treatment for diseases without antibiotics, agrotechniques) and are actively replaced by new commercial varieties. Among 8 varieties of apple and pear there were no varietal differences in the content of vitamins, but all of cultivars were significantly inferior to wild berry shrubs - viburnum, barberry, and dog rose for the content of vitamins A, C, B3, β-carotene. Based on the results of the survey, were developed practical recommendations for farmers on preserving the diversity of local varieties of fruit trees and wild berry shrub.
SOME RESULTS SELECTION OF BASIL (OCIMUM BASILICUM L.) IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Authors: Chisnicean L.
Published: June 2019

Ocimum basilicum L. (common basil) is one of the promising spicy - aromatic and medicinal plants. It is used both in traditional and traditional medicine as an expectorant, anti-inflammatory agent, gastritis, colitis, nephritis, etc. Numerous scientific studies have established that O. basilicum L. essential oil in experimental practice has good antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytostatic activity. The modern spice market requires a growing variety of forms and varieties of basil for consumption as seasoning and green vegetables. An important place is occupied by raw materials (leaf and herb of basil), in recipes of medicinal and forest teas. Essential oil is used both in the food and in the perfumery – cosmetic industry and pharmaceuticals. Perspectivity in the spice market and its multiple medicinal properties were the reason for the continuation of work on the improvement and creation of new promising varieties of basil, of various uses. A working collection was created, consisting of 34 varieties, forms and nursery of crosses and breeding selections, numbering from 40 to 100 units, on average by year. Five varieties of basil of diverse directions were created and registered in the State Register, both for consumption as seasoning in fresh and dry form, for flavoring edible salt, vinegar and oil, and also as a medicinal raw material for teas. Brief results obtained over 17 years а presented in this paper.
CONSEQUENCES OF PRESOWING INFLUENCE OF LOW AND VARIABLE TEMPERATURES ON CARROT AND RADISH SEEDS
Authors: Gasanov S. R. , Mammadova S. A.
Published: June 2019

The study of the dynamics of plant growth and yield of vegetable crops (carrot variety Absheron winter (Daucus carota subsp. sativus (Hoffm.) Schьbl.) and radish variety Virovsky white (Raphanus sativus var.radicula Pers.)) was conducted in the field conditions after presowing exposure to different temperatures: I option – sowing of seeds exposed to low temperatures (for 15 days the swollen for 24 hours seeds were kept at a temperature of 0±1°С); Option II - sowing of seeds exposed to variable temperatures (for 5 days, the swollen for 24 hours seeds were exposed to variable temperatures of + 20°C (8 hours) and 0±1°C (16 hours) and then 10 days at a temperature of 0±1°C; K1 – sowing dry seeds; K2 – sowing soaked seeds. The impact on the seeds of low and variable temperatures caused an increase in growth processes, both in radish and carrot. Both studied crops showed a tendency to increase the yield to a greater extent when exposed to swollen seeds with variable temperatures. Thus, the average weight of radish crops exceeded the control variant by 47.1% and carrots by 27.6%. The yield of root crops per m2increased by 36.4% for radish and 30.0% for carrot. To increase the productivity of vegetable crops, we recommend using the studied methods of pre-sowing seed treatment in practice.
DRACOCEPHALUM MOLDAVICA L. NEW VARIETY OF BREEDING OF VILAR
Authors: Grjaznov M. Yu. , Totskaya S. A.
Published: June 2019

The aim of the study is to develop a high–yielding variety of Dracocephalum moldavica L., suitable for cultivation in the Central region of the Russian Federation, and to study the seeding rates and sowing methods on its example. The experimental part of the work was performed in Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in 2016-2017 by field and laboratory experiments. New variety "Nezhnost" (selection № 14-99) is derived by the method of individual-family selection of the cultivated population, is significantly superior to the zoned variety Gorynych on the yield of dry herb (at LSD05=1,8 с/ha) and seed (at LSD05=0,61 с/ha), gross yield of essential oil to by 20%. The object of the study of varietal features of seeding rates and methods of sowing was a promising variety "Nezhnost", for which two-factor experiment was put: 6 variants of seeding rates and 3 variants of sowing methods. Sowing period: early spring. Harvesting: when browning 3/4 of stems. The biological potential of plants has been fully realized in wide-row crops with seeding rate of 2.0-2.5 million PCs/ha, contributing to the formation of productive architectonics, optimization of the production process and maximum realization of seed productivity. To obtain high yields of Dracocephalum moldavica L. when cultivated on seeds in the Central region, the rate of seeding (2,5 million pieces of germinating seeds per hectare) is reduced by 20% of the rate when sowing on green mass, a wide-row method of sowing is used.
SELECTION OF LEAF AND SPICY AROMATIC AGRICULTURAL CROPS: STATUS AND DIRECTIONS
Authors: Soldatenko A. V. , Pivovarov V. F. , Kharchenko V. A. , Ivanova M. I.
Published: June 2019

The aim of the present work was evaluation of the current state and leading directions in selection of leaf and spicy-aromatic vegetables crops belonging to the Asteraceae, Apiaceae, Brassicaceae, Lamiaceae, Chenopodiaceae families. Analysis of leaf and spicy aromatic plant production revealed that at present time these crops become more and more popular. Being a source of essential to human organism vitamins, antioxidants and biologically active compounds they enrich food with marvelous taste and aroma. The main directions in the selection of these crops and presented database of leaf and spicy-aromatic crops genebank promote the selection process optimization. Modern varieties of leaf and spicy-aromatic crops of Federal Scientific Vegetable Center selection are considered to be competitive and promising for import substitution.
COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF AMINO ACIDS IN LEAVES OF AMARANTHUS TRICOLOR L. CV. EARLY SPLENDOR
Authors: Gins M. S. , Gins V. K. , Motyleva S. M. , Baikov A. A. , Gins E. M. , Koroleva A. K.
Published: June 2019

Material for research was fresh leaves of Amaranthus tricolor L. varieties Early Splendor. They were grown in a greenhouse (Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, Moscow region). Using GC-MS, 8 and 11 amino acids were identified in extracts of hetero- and autotrophic leaves. One of the mechanisms that provide resistance to stresses of various natures is the accumulation of free amino acids; therefore, the total content of antioxidants can serve as an indicator of plant resistance. The amino acids found in amaranth leaves have pronounced functional activity in the human body. For example, tyrosine is the most important neurotransmitter, stimulates the brain, is involved in the control of stress. In humans, the precursor of tyrosine is the essential amino acid phenylalanine, while tyrosine is formed by hydroxylation of the phenyl group of phenylalanine. In this case, the lack of the latter in food leads to a deficiency of tyrosine in the body. Tryptophan controls the body's protective and adaptive functions. Amino acids valine, leucine, glutamine, proline - stimulate the growth of beneficial intestinal flora and biomass accumulation. Thus, the amino acid composition determines the nutritional and pharmacological value of amaranth leaf biomass. This indicates that amaranth leaves are a promising raw material for creating functional products and herbal remedies.
FEATURES OF THE AGROTECHNOLOGY OF EARLY RIPE GRADES OF POTATOES AT CULTIVATION ON THE SEED PURPOSES IN CONDITIONS OF THE SMOLENSK REGION
Authors: Сhehalkova L. K. , Konova A. M. , Gavrilova A. Yu. , Novikov V. M.
Published: June 2019

The most significant in the technology of growing potatoes are the timing of removal of the tops, as this factor directly affects the physiological state of the tubers and their quality. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the effect of the timing of removal of tops on yield, quantitative yield and quality of elite seed of early maturing potato varieties Snegir, Delphin, Udacha and Zhukovskij rannij. Experience, observations and accounting were carried out according to generally accepted methods. The study was conducted in a field experiment of the Smolensk Institute of agriculture (ex. Smolensk GOSHOS). As a result of phenological observations, it was found that the mass flowering did not occur simultaneously in all studied potato varieties. Before all the phase of mass flowering occurred in the Zhukovskij rannij variety. The percentage of plant viral diseases in all studied varieties in the variant with the term of removal of the tops 21 days after mass flowering was higher, compared with the options for removing the tops in earlier flowering periods. The maximum yield of seed fraction of potato tubers in varieties Delphin and Snegir (12.6 and 26.1 t/ha, respectively) was noted in the version with the second term of removal of the tops, in varieties Zhukovskij rannij and Udacha (23.2 and 23.4 t/ha, respectively) – in the version with the term of removal of the tops 21 days after mass flowering. The yield of tubers seed fraction and their mass were the highest varieties of Dеlphin and Zhukovskij rannij. According to the results of the tuberous analysis, an increase in the total number of tubers affected by fungal diseases was observed in variants with later dates of removal of the tops. The most affected disease of all the studied varieties was the grade of bullfinch (1.5-4%), the most resistant to disease – cv. Udacha.
Application Of Rectangular Matrices: Affine Cipher Using Asymmetric Keys
Authors: Maxrizal Maxrizal , Aniska Prayanti Baiq Desy
Published: June 2019

In cryptography, we know the symmetric key algorithms and asymmetric key algorithms. We know that the asymmetric key algorithm is more secure than the symmetric key algorithm. Affine Cipher uses a symmetric key algorithm. In this paper, we introduce the Affine Cipher using asymmetric keys. Asymmetrical keys are formed from rectangular matrices.
Crítica de la violencia. Violencia como actividad de inscripción corporal
Authors: Martínez de la Escalera Ana María
Published: June 2019

A través de este ensayo de crítica filosófica se interrogan los vínculos entre la violencia y los cuerpos que ella produce. Esta cuestión posee un pasado filosófico sui géneris: los textosde Spinoza y de Nietzsche que cuestionan la oposición entre el derecho y la violencia. Posee también una modernidad aún vigente ofrecida por Benjamin y Derrida. Se invita a pensar la violencia en tanto actividad material históricamente producida de intervención discursiva y práctica sobre cuerpos individuales y sus relaciones de acuerdo con una postura materialista marxista.
Designing Embedded Case Study Research Approach in Educational Research
Authors: Budiyanto Cucuk , Prananto Adi , Tan Felix Ter-Chian
Published: June 2019

Despite the case study research method has been widely adopted in qualitative research, few scholarly articles addressed the comprehensive guidance on the use of embedded case study research design. This paper aims to contribute to the literature by demonstrating the use of embedded case study research design in qualitative research. A pseudo case was exemplified by exploring the relationship between a holding company and its subsidiary companies of a corporate group. What construct a case and the rationale for the case being studied is exemplified. The paper further outlines the research protocol, the procedure of inquiry, and the design of the embedded case analysis. A brief explanation of the context of the case enriches the understanding of the investigated cases.
TEACHER’S ABILITIES OF TRANSLATION OF SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATION TO VISUAL REPRESENTATION AND VICE VERSA: ADDITION OF INTEGERS
Authors: Hapizah Hapizah , Susanti Ely , Astuti Puji
Published: June 2019

Translation of representations is a process of changing representations from one into another one. In generally, mathematics representations consists of symbolical, visual (graphical), verbal, and tabular representations. This article discusses results of research about teacher’s understanding of mathematics representations and its implementation, which is teacher’s ability of translating from symbolical representation to graphical representation and vice versa. The sample of research were 91 mathematics teacher from some districts of South Sumatera and Bangka Belitung provinces. The data of research were collected by test related to addition of integers. The results show that teacher’s ability of translating from symbolical representation into graphical representation is very low which is only 48,4% of the sample could translate the representations correctly, meanwhile teacher’s ability of translating from graphical representation into symbolical representation is quite good which is 75,8% of the sample could translate the representations correctly. The mistakes identified when the mathematics teachers translated symbolic representation to visual representation are the result of addition not presented in numbers line, no the result of addition presented at all,  the order of numbers line not presented clearly, misdirection or no direction of numbers line, and no answers at all. Meanwhile the mistakes identified when the mathematics teachers translated visual representation to symbolic representation are no the result of addition presented, incorrectly order of numbers added, and no answers at all.
Enhancing Students' Motivation using Facebook and SMS with Google Spreadsheets Support: A Comparative Study
Authors: Chaiprasurt Chantorn
Published: June 2019

To the widespread use of wireless technologies, increased portable mobile devices and communication contributes to stimulate and encourage group sharing among instructors and students in the learning environments. Apt applications to boost old   face-to-face teaching were examined, which are SMS, Facebook and Google Spreadsheets. A research was used to actual analyze the influence on their interests. It took place over a period of 14 weeks, and the sample consisted of 42 students   in Information Technology for Social Network class. Three groups were involved, control (only supported by Google Spreadsheets), the first group (supported by Google Spreadsheets and SMS), and the second group (supported by Google Spreadsheets and Facebook). The effect of the applications, the results of subjective (attention, relevance, confidence, satisfaction and social ability) and objective assessment (engagement and academic performance) were compared among the three groups,  and by  using Google Spreadsheets  with SMS, and with Facebook were effective in improving their motivation. Notable difference in overall was, students preferred Google spreadsheets with SMS, where it enhanced their motivation when merge into learning.
KAJI BANDING KUALITAS REPAIR WELDING DENGAN METODE OXY-ACITELYN, TIG DAN MIG PADA CAST WHEEL ALUMINIUM
Authors: Harjanto Budi
Published: June 2019

Penelitian yang telah dilakukan adalah reparasi cast wheel (velg) aluminium yang telah mengalami kerusakan (retak) dengan metode pengelasan. Pengalasan yang akan diteliti meliputi 3 metode yaitu: las Oksi-Asitelin, las TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) dan MIG (Metal Inert Gas). Pengelasan pada velg berbahan Aluminium memungkinkan digunakan untuk memperbaiki kerusakan sejauh kekuatan sambungan las tersebut mendekati kekuatan dari velg utuh. Sebelum percobaan pengelasan Oksi-Asitelin, TIG dan MIG dilakukan, maka dilakukan dahulu beberapa pengujian untuk mengetahui data awal. Pengujian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi material asli (base material).  Dari pengujian awal diperoleh bahwa material asli adalah Al-7,3%Si yang memiliki kekerasan sebesar 57,63 HBN dan memiliki kekuatan impak sebesar 0,108 Joule/mm2. Data yang diperoleh pada pengujian tersebut merupakan data acuan untuk menjadi pembanding hasil percobaan dengan pengelasan Oksi-Asitelin, TIG dan MIG. Hasil uji kekerasan masing masing proses pengelasan pada daerah perbatasan antara logam induk dan logam lasan serta pada logam lasan, untuk pengelasan Oksi-Asitelin sebesar 38,69 BHN dan 54,80 BHN, untuk pengelasan TIG sebesar 30,47  BHN dan 45,15 BHN, sedangkan untuk pengelasan MIG sebesar 36,16 BHN dan 44,18 BHN. Hasil uji impak untuk masing-masing proses pengelasan, untuk pengelasan Oksi-Asitelin sebesar 0,085 Joule/mm2, untuk pengelasan TIG sebesar 0,096 Joule/mm2 dan untuk pengelasan MIG sebesar 0,102 Joule/mm2. Dari hasi pengujian kekerasan dan impak dapat diketahui bahwa nilai kekerasan dan kekuatan impak hasil lasan masih lebih kecil dibandingkan dengn kekerasan dan kekuatan impak logam induk. Hal ini berarti bahwa hasil pengelasan belum layak digunakan, karena nilai kekerasan dari hasil pengelasan belum mendekati nilai kekerasan logam induk.