bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Post-Mastectomy Radiotherapy in Patients With Metaplastic Breast Cancer: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of the SEER Database
Authors: Hu Jin , Tan Jie , Dong Fang , Zhang Ximeng , Ming Jie , Huang Tao
Published: March 2022

Background

Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) is a rare tumor with aggressive biological behavior. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) on patients with low-risk (T1N0M0), intermediate-risk (T1-2N1M0 and T3N0M0), and high-risk (T1-4N2-3M0 and T4N0-1M0) MBC via propensity-score matching (PSM).

Methods

We analyzed information from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) public-use database from 1975 to 2016 for MBC incidence trends and compared overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) between groups of MBC women diagnosed from 2001 to 2016 using Kaplan–Meier analysis and the multivariate Cox proportional model. PSM was used to make 1:1 case–control matching.

Results

Joinpoint analyses identified 1984 and 2003 as the inflection points among 4,672 patients. 1,588 (42.4%) of the 3,748 patients diagnosed with MBC between 2001 and 2016 received PMRT. According to multivariate analyses, PMRT provided better OS (p < 0.001) and BCSS (p < 0.001) before PSM, and better prognosis after PSM (n = 2528) for patients receiving PMRT (n = 1264) compared to those without PMRT (OS, p < 0.001 and BCSS, p < 0.001). When stratifying the case–control matching patients into low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk groups, PMRT could improve BCSS compared with that in non-PMRT patients in the high-risk groups; it also improved OS in both the intermediate- and high-risk groups.

Conclusions

Per findings of the PSM analysis, PMRT could provide better BCSS in high-risk groups, and better OS in intermediate- and high-risk groups.
Anatomical Study of Arachnoid Granulation in Superior Sagittal Sinus Correlated to Growth Patterns of Meningiomas
Authors: Ye Yuanliang , Gao Wen , Xu Weilin , Gong Jiangu , Qiu Minxing , Long Lang , Ding Jiuyang
Published: March 2022

Meningiomas in the parasagittal region were formed by arachnoidal cells disseminated among arachnoid granulations. The purpose of this study was to characterize the morphology of chordae willisii, and AGs found in the superior sagittal sinus. This study used 20 anatomical specimens. Rigid endoscopes were introduced via torcula herophili into the sinus lumen. The morphological features of arachnoid granulation and chordae willisii were analyzed, and then arachnoid granulations and chordae willisii were assessed by elastic fiber stains, Masson’s stains, and imaging analysis. Three types of arachnoid granulations were present in the examined sinuses. There were 365 counts of arachnoid granulations in examined sinuses by imaging analysis, averaging 1.36 ± 2.58 per sinus. Types I, II, and III made up 20.27, 45.20, and 34.52% of 268 patients, respectively. Microscopy of chordae willisii transverse sections indicated the existence of a single layer and a multiple-layered dura sinus wall. The dural sinus wall was the thickest one in the superior sagittal sinus. The thickness of longitudinal lamellae was significantly greater than trabeculae. This study reveals the anatomical differences between arachnoid granulations in the superior sagittal sinus. The arachnoid granulations classification enables surgeons to predict preoperatively growth patterns, followed by safely achieving the optimal range of parasagittal meningioma resection.
Associations Between Eczema and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Children
Authors: Loo Evelyn Xiu Ling , Ooi Delicia Shu Qin , Ong Minyee , Ta Le Duc Huy , Lau Hui Xing , Tay Michelle Jia Yu , Yap Qai Ven , Chan Yiong Huak , Tham Elizabeth Huiwen , Goh Anne Eng Neo , Van Bever Hugo , Teoh Oon Hoe , Eriksson Johan Gunnar , Chong Yap Seng , Gluckman Peter , Yap Fabian Kok Peng , Karnani Neerja , Xu Jia , Tan Karen Mei Ling , Tan Kok Hian , Lee Bee Wah , Kramer Michael , Shek Lynette Pei-chi , Meaney Michael J. , Broekman Birit F. P.
Published: March 2022

Background

Epidemiological studies suggest a link between eczema and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but underlying mechanisms have not been examined.

Objective

We aim to investigate the association between eczema and subsequent ADHD symptoms in the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes cohort and explore the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines and gut microbiome.

Methods

The modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire and Computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV were administered to assess reported eczema within the first 18 months and presence of ADHD symptoms at 54 months, respectively. Skin prick testing at 18 months, cytokines in maternal blood during pregnancy and cord blood and the mediating role of the gut microbiome at 24 months were assessed.

Results

After adjusting for confounders, eczema with or without a positive skin prick test was associated with doubling the risk of ADHD symptoms. No differences in maternal and cord blood cytokines were observed in children with and without eczema, or children with and without ADHD. Gut microbiome dysbiosis was observed in children with eczema and children with ADHD. Children with eczema also had lower gut bacterial Shannon diversity. However, the relationship between eczema and ADHD was not mediated by gut microbiome.

Conclusion

Early life eczema diagnosis is associated with a higher risk of subsequent ADHD symptoms in children. We found no evidence for underlying inflammatory mechanism or mediation by gut microbiome dysbiosis. Further research should evaluate other mechanisms underlying the link between eczema and ADHD.

Clinical Trial Registration

[https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01174875], identifier [NCT01174875].
Predictive Value of Diaphragmatic Ultrasonography for the Weaning Outcome in Mechanically Ventilated Children Aged 1–3 Years
Authors: Yao Yelin , He Liming , Chen Weiming , Zhou Hao , Lu Guoping , Tao Jinhao , Wang SuJuan
Published: March 2022

Background

There are estimated 20% of mechanically ventilated patients having difficulty in weaning from the ventilators, and the weaning process accounts for 40% of the whole ventilation time. Reliable tools are urgently needed to estimate the weaning outcome. Diaphragmatic ultrasonography, as a relatively good predictive method for the adults, was measured in this study, assessing the value of each indicator of diaphragmatic ultrasonography to predict the outcomes of ventilator weaning from mechanically ventilated children of 1–3 years old.

Methods

Between November 2018 and November 2019, children who were mechanically ventilated and ready for weaning in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) were enrolled in the study. Diaphragmatic ultrasonography was performed to the children to measure the right diaphragm excursion (DE), contraction velocity, thickness, and diaphragm thickening fraction (DTF), which were recorded followed by spontaneous breathing trial (SBT). The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were also used to assess the value of each indicator to predict the weaning outcome.

Results

During this study period, a total of 72 children were enrolled, and of them, 56 children passed the weaning process, while 16 children failed. There were significant differences in DE, contraction velocity, thickness, and DTF parameters between the weaning success group and the failure group. The areas under the ROC curves (AUC) and the optimal threshold of the above indicators were as follows: 0.72 and 8.08 mm for DE, 0.71 and 26.1% for right DTF (DTFR), 0.71 and 20.7% for left DTF (DTFL), 0.78 and 14.8% for minimum DTF (DTFMIN), 0.79 and 26.1% for maximum DTF (DTFMAX), 0.71 and 1.24 mm for maximum diaphragm thickness at the end of inspiration (DteiMAX), and 0.65 and 10.0 mm/s for contraction velocity.

Conclusion

Diaphragmatic ultrasonography is feasible in guiding ventilator weaning, and the indicators of DE, DTF, and DteiMAX guide the weaning more accurately. Among them, DTF may act as a more reliable predictor of weaning by avoiding the influence of diaphragm development in children.
SARS-CoV-2 Positivity in Early Infancy: A National Cohort From Saudi Arabia
Authors: Shaiba Lana A. , Hadid Adnan , Altirkawi Khalid , Alnamnakani Mahdi A. , Almutayliq Abdulaziz A. , Alharbi Areen T. , Hijazi Asmar M. , AlMoosa Khalid M. , AlSaud Nora F. , Murshid Rozan E. , AlMuhanna Wejdan S. , Aldawsari Nasser A. , Bin Hadyan Maryam F. , Almaghrabi Rana , Alsofayan Yousef M. , Alahmari Ahmed A. , Almuzaini Yasir S. , Alamri Fahad A. , Khan Anas A. , Shah Prakesh S.
Published: March 2022

Background

Data on SARS-CoV-2 in infants ≤ 90 days are limited with conflicting reports regarding its presentation and outcomes.

Methods

We conducted an ambispective cohort study using prospectively collected Health Electronic Surveillance Network Database by the Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia. Infants of ≤ 90 days of age who had a positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 virus were included. Patients were divided in Early neonatal (0–6 days), late neonatal (7–27 days), and post- neonatal (28–90 days) groups and were compared for clinical characteristics and outcomes by contacting parents and collecting information retrospectively.

Results

Of 1,793 infants, 898 infants were included for analysis. Most infants in the early neonatal group had no features of infection (tested based on maternal positivity), whereas most infants in the late and post- neonatal groups were tested because of clinical features of infection. Fever and respiratory signs were the most common presenting feature in the late and post-neonatal groups. Hospitalization was higher in the early neonatal group (80%), compared to the two other groups. The overall mortality in the cohort was 1.6%.

Conclusion

SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants ≤ 90 days might not be as rare as previously reported. The clinical presentation varies based on age at positive RT-PCR result.
Advances in the Study of the Mechanisms of Physiological Root Resorption in Deciduous Teeth
Authors: Xiao Manxue , Qian Hong , Lv Jingwen , Wang Peixuan
Published: March 2022

Physiological root resorption of deciduous teeth is a complex physiological process that is essential for the normal replacement of deciduous teeth and permanent teeth in clinical practice, but its importance is often overlooked due to the presence of permanent teeth. This physiological process includes not only the resorption of hard tissues of deciduous teeth, such as dentin and cementum, but also the elimination of soft tissues, such as pulp and periodontal ligament (PDL). However, the mechanisms of physiological root resorption are not yet clear. In this article, the advances of research on the mechanisms related to physiological root resorption will be reviewed in two main aspects: hard tissues and soft tissues of deciduous teeth, specifically in relation to the effects of inflammatory microenvironment and mechanical stress on the resorption of hard tissues, the repair of hard tissues, and the elimination and the histological events of soft tissues.
Traditional Dietary Knowledge of a Marginal Hill Community in the Central Himalaya: Implications for Food, Nutrition, and Medicinal Security
Authors: Ojha S. N. , Anand Aryan , Sundriyal R. C. , Arya Deepshikha
Published: March 2022

Himalayan communities illustrate a rich agriculture–medicine use system that not only provides adequate dietary diversity and nutrition but also delivers therapeutic security. This study explores the food–medicine interface as observed by the marginal hill communities in the central Himalaya with an aim to assess traditional agriculture and food plants with relation to dietary diversity and nutritional and medicinal values based on comprehensive research. A total of 445 respondents were interviewed to obtain data on food intakes using dietary recall methods and dietary diversity indices (DDIs). The ethnomedical use of plant species was gathered from respondents as well as from various published studies for respective species. Nutritional parameters were collected from the Indian Food Composition Table developed by the ICMR, India to analyze the average nutritional intake. The traditional food system achieves the dietary and nutritional needs of the community within the standard norms. The average household dietary diversity of 7.45, 7.34, and 8.39 in summer, monsoon, and winter seasons, respectively, sustain 79, 74, and 93% of energy requirements in respective, seasons. The average food consumption score (FCS) was 73.46, and all the food exhibited rich phytochemicals, such as amino acids, alkaloids, carotenoids, flavonoids, glycosides, and phenolic acids. These plants also provided effective treatments against several ailments and illnesses, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetics, gastrointestinal issues, and inflammation The indigenous cuisines also have significant food and medicinal values. Considering that the community had significant knowledge of food systems with their nutritional and therapeutic utility, there is a need to protect and document this indigenous knowledge. Also, most of the crops are still under cultivation, so there is a need to create more awareness about the nutritional and therapeutic value of the system so that it could be retained intact and continued. The implications of this research are of both academic importance and practical significance to ensure food–medicine security and avoid malnutrition among rural communities. It is expected that the study would lead to renewed thinking and policy attention on traditional agriculture for its role in food and nutritional security that may lead to a sustainable food supply system.
A Multi-Wavelength Phase Retrieval With Multi-Strategy for Lensfree On-Chip Holography
Authors: Wang Qinhua , Ma Jianshe , Su Ping
Published: March 2022

Due to convenient operation and robust imaging, multi-wavelength phase retrieval has been widely applied in lensfree on-chip digital holographic microscope (LFOCDHM). Nevertheless, the insufficient diffraction variation and small number of measurements on the LFOCDHM make it difficult to eliminate the twin image by multi-wavelength phase retrieval. We propose a multi-wavelength phase retrieval for LFOCDHM based on energy constraint, global update strategy, and vector extrapolation acceleration. Simulations and experiments on the LFOCDHM show that our proposed method realizes efficient elimination effect and robust reconstruction with three wavelengths for illumination while maintaining fast convergence. More importantly, the proposed method is simple and non-parametric. It is believed that the proposed method could provide a promising solution for LFOCDHM.
BMI1 Silencing Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Lung Epithelial Cells Exposed to Hyperoxia
Authors: Hernández-Cuervo Helena , Soundararajan Ramani , Sidramagowda Patil Sahebgowda , Breitzig Mason , Alleyn Matthew , Galam Lakshmi , Lockey Richard , Uversky Vladimir N. , Kolliputi Narasaiah
Published: March 2022

Acute Lung Injury (ALI), characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates that restrict gas exchange, leads to respiratory failure. It is caused by an innate immune response with white blood cell infiltration of the lungs, release of cytokines, an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, and changes in mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial alterations, changes in respiration, ATP production and the unbalancing fusion and fission processes are key events in ALI pathogenesis and increase mitophagy. Research indicates that BMI1 (B cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1), a protein of the Polycomb repressive complex 1, is a cell cycle and survival regulator that plays a role in mitochondrial function. BMI1-silenced cultured lung epithelial cells were exposed to hyperoxia to determine the role of BMI1 in mitochondrial metabolism. Its expression significantly decreases in human lung epithelial cells (H441) following hyperoxic insult, as determined by western blot, Qrt-PCR, and functional analysis. This decrease correlates with an increase in mitophagy proteins, PINK1, Parkin, and DJ1; an increase in the expression of tumor suppressor PTEN; changes in the expression of mitochondrial biomarkers; and decreases in the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and tricarboxylic acid enzyme activity. Our bioinformatics analysis suggested that the BMI1 multifunctionality is determined by its high level of intrinsic disorder that defines the ability of this protein to bind to numerous cellular partners. These results demonstrate a close relationship between BMI1 expression and mitochondrial health in hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury (HALI) and indicate that BMI1 is a potential therapeutic target to treat ALI and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
The Effect of Dysglycaemia on Changes in Pulmonary and Aerobic Function in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Tomlinson Owen W. , Stoate Anna L. E. , Dobson Lee , Williams Craig A.
Published: March 2022

Cross-sectional studies have reported lower pulmonary and aerobic function during exercise in people with cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) compared to non-CFRD counterparts. However, this association has yet to be longitudinally investigated. Therefore, this study examines these differences over time between people with cystic fibrosis (CF) of differing glycaemic status. Annual review data, including cardiopulmonary exercise tests and pulmonary function tests, were retrospectively analysed at baseline (T0, n = 82) and at a one-year follow-up (T1, n = 54). Data was analysed in three groups: normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and CFRD. Further analyses were undertaken, with a dichotomous split of NGT and a combined IGT/CFRD group. At baseline, a significant reduction in the majority of variables, including forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), was observed in the CFRD (n = 19) group compared to NGT (n = 58). At follow-up, no significant differences were observed, and no interaction effect between CFRD status and time was identified. FEV1 and VO2max presented with varying directions and magnitudes of change within patients. In summary, patients with CFRD have a reduced aerobic and pulmonary function compared to non-CFRD counterparts, although such changes disappeared at follow up. Varying responses for FEV1 and VO2max highlight the need to consider both variables as independent markers of function in CF.
Assessing Cerebrovascular Resistance in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Sayin Ece Su , Sobczyk Olivia , Poublanc Julien , Mikulis David J. , Fisher Joseph A. , Kuo Kevin H. M. , Duffin James
Published: March 2022

In patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) the delivery of oxygen to the brain is compromised by anemia, abnormal rheology, and steno-occlusive vascular disease. Meeting demands for oxygen delivery requires compensatory features of brain perfusion. The cerebral vasculature’s regulatory function and reserves can be assessed by observing the flow response to a vasoactive stimulus. In a traditional approach we measured voxel-wise change in Blood Oxygen-Level Dependent (BOLD) MRI signal as a surrogate of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in response to a linear progressive ramping of end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PETCO2). Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) was defined as ΔBOLD/ΔPETCO2. We used a computer model to fit a virtual sigmoid resistance curve to the progressive CBF response to the stimulus, enabling the calculation of resistance parameters: amplitude, midpoint, range response, resistance sensitivity and vasodilatory reserve. The quality of the resistance sigmoid fit was expressed as the r2 of the fit. We tested 35 patients with SCD, as well as 24 healthy subjects to provide an indication of the normal ranges of the resistance parameters. We found that gray matter CVR and resistance amplitude, range, reserve, and sensitivity are reduced in patients with SCD compared to healthy controls, while resistance midpoint was increased. This study is the first to document resistance measures in adult patients with SCD. It is also the first to score these vascular resistance measures in comparison to the normal range. We anticipate these data will complement the current understanding of the cerebral vascular pathophysiology of SCD, identify paths for therapeutic interventions, and provide biomarkers for monitoring the progress of the disease.
Over-Expression of a Wheat Late Maturity Alpha-Amylase Type 1 Impact on Starch Properties During Grain Development and Germination
Authors: Zhang Qin , Pritchard Jenifer , Mieog Jos , Byrne Keren , Colgrave Michelle L. , Wang Ji-Rui , Ral Jean-Philippe F.
Published: March 2022

The hydrolysis of starch is a complex process that requires synergistic action of multiple hydrolytic enzymes, including α-amylases. Wheat over-expression of TaAmy1, driven by seed specific promoter, resulted in a 20- to 230-fold total α-amylase activity in mature grains. Ectopic expression of TaAmy1 showed a significant elevated α-amylase activity in stem and leaf without consequences on transitory starch. In mature grain, overexpressed TaAMY1 was mainly located in the endosperm with high expression of TaAmy1. This is due to early developing grains having effect on starch granules from 18 days post-anthesis (DPA) and on soluble sugar accumulation from 30 DPA. While accumulation of TaAMY1 led to a high degree of damaged starch in grain, the dramatic alterations of starch visco-properties caused by the elevated levels of α-amylase essentially occurred during processing, thus suggesting a very small impact of related starch damage on grain properties. Abnormal accumulation of soluble sugar (α-gluco-oligosaccharide and sucrose) by TaAMY1 over-expression reduced the grain dormancy and enhanced abscisic acid (ABA) resistance. Germination study in the presence of α-amylase inhibitor suggested a very limited role of TaAMY1 in the early germination process and starch conversion into soluble sugars.
Common Predictive Factors of Social Media Addiction and Eating Disorder Symptoms in Female College Students: State Anxiety and the Mediating Role of Cognitive Flexibility/Sustained Attention
Authors: He Zhonghua , Li Mingde , Liu Chanjun , Ma Xiaoyue
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to investigate the common predictive factors between social media addiction (SMA) and eating disorder symptoms (EDS), in a group of Chinese female college students. A total of 216 students completed the behavioral assessments of cognitive flexibility and sustained attention, as well as the questionnaires on anxiety, social media dependence, and eating disorders. The results indicate that SMA is significantly correlated with EDS. Structural equation modeling was used to test the model in which state anxiety, cognitive flexibility, and sustained attention predicted social gain and EDS. Additionally, the results confirmed the mediating role of cognitive flexibility and sustained attention between state anxiety and SMA/EDS in the participants. The findings revealed that in the sample group, state anxiety was related to SMA and EDS through cognitive flexibility and sustained attention. These proposals reflect the significance of improving cognitive flexibility/sustained attention and reducing state anxiety to prevent EDS and SMA in female college students.
The Multilevel Study on the Impact of High-Performance Human Resource Practices on Employees’ Voice Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Liu Dongxu , Du Hui , Liu Shuzhen , Zhou Xiaoxue
Published: March 2022

Based on the social identity theory, the relationship and influencing mechanism between high-performance human resource practices (HPHRPs) and employees’ voice behavior were explored by constructing a moderated mediation model, and the relationship between the field of human resources and the field of organizational behavior was also established. Through 1,178 paired samples of supervisor-employee survey and multilevel linear model analysis technology, it was found that (1) HPHRPs had a positive impact on employees’ voice behavior; (2) perceived insider status played a mediating role between HPHRPs and voice behavior; (3) voice efficacy played a moderating role between perceived insider status and voice behavior; and (4) voice efficacy played a mediating role in the relationship between “HPHRPs-perceived insider status-voice behavior.”
Teachers’ Well-Being, Emotions, and Motivation During Emergency Remote Teaching Due to COVID-19
Authors: Panadero Ernesto , Fraile Juan , Pinedo Leire , Rodríguez-Hernández Carlos , Balerdi Eneko , Díez Fernando
Published: March 2022

This study explores the effects of the shift to emergency remote teaching (ERT) on teachers’ levels of well-being, emotions, and motivation. A total of 936 Spanish teachers participated in this nationwide survey from all educational levels, thus allowing comparison among levels, which is a novelty and strength of our study. Four aspects were explored: (1) instructional adaptation to ERT; (2) well-being changes and the main challenges in this regard; (3) changes in emotions; and (4) changes in motivation and the main factors. Importantly, we explored a number of teacher characteristics (e.g., gender, age) for the three last aspects. Our results show that teachers felt the impact of ERT on their well-being, emotions, and motivation. Additionally, female teachers, teachers with students of low socioeconomic status (SES), in public schools, and primary and secondary teachers were the most affected groups. This indicates that the impact of ERT differed and some populations of teachers are more at risk of suffering burnout because of ERT.
Interval and Ratio Scaling of Spectral Audio Descriptors
Authors: Kazazis Savvas , Depalle Philippe , McAdams Stephen
Published: March 2022

Two experiments were conducted for the derivation of psychophysical scales of the following audio descriptors: spectral centroid, spectral spread, spectral skewness, odd-to-even harmonic ratio, spectral deviation, and spectral slope. The stimulus sets of each audio descriptor were synthesized and (wherever possible) independently controlled through appropriate synthesis techniques. Partition scaling methods were used in both experiments, and the scales were constructed by fitting well-behaving functions to the listeners' ratings. In the first experiment, the listeners' task was the estimation of the relative differences between successive levels of a particular audio descriptor. The median values of listeners' ratings increased with increasing feature values, which confirmed listeners' abilities to estimate intervals. However, there was a large variability in the reliability of the derived interval scales depending on the stimulus spacing in each trial. In the second experiment, listeners had control over the stimulus values and were asked to divide the presented range of values into perceptually equal intervals, which provides a ratio scale. For every descriptor, the reliability of the derived ratio scales was excellent. The unit of a particular ratio scale was assigned empirically so as to facilitate qualitative comparisons between the scales of all audio descriptors. The construction of psychophysical scales based on univariate stimuli allowed for the establishment of cause-and-effect relations between audio descriptors and perceptual dimensions, contrary to past research that has relied on multivariate stimuli and has only examined the correlations between the two. Most importantly, this study provides an understanding of the ways in which the sensation magnitudes of several audio descriptors are apprehended.
What Influences Consumers’ Intention to Purchase Innovative Products: Evidence From China
Authors: Li Jie , Guo Fan , Xu Jialin , Yu Zucheng
Published: March 2022

Drawing on the theory of planned behavior, we investigate the legitimacy of platform governance and whether consumers with greater ranges of risk propensity are more likely to purchase innovative products. This study develops a moderated mediation model involving risk propensity, cognitive legitimacy, purchase intention and perceived benefit. To examine our hypotheses, we conducted a survey of 315 consumers from Shanghai, China. The results reveal that risk propensity is positively related to consumers’ purchase intentions, in which cognitive legitimacy plays a mediating role. Furthermore, the interaction suggests that perceived benefit moderates the relationship between risk propensity and cognitive legitimacy.
The Influence of Empathy and Consumer Forgiveness on the Service Recovery Effect of Online Shopping
Authors: Wei Jiahua , Wang Zhenyu , Hou Zhiping , Meng Yongheng
Published: March 2022

The service failure of online shopping has always plagued online stores, but the current academic circles still need to explore the service recovery of online shopping from the perspective of empathy and consumer forgiveness. Based on the service failure cases of real online shopping, this article uses the method of situational experiment to carry out empirical research, discusses the impact mechanism of service recovery effect from the perspective of empathy and consumer forgiveness, and tests the moderating role of online store reputation. The results show that in the online shopping service recovery scenario, empathy has a positive impact on consumer forgiveness, consumer forgiveness has a positive impact on consumer repurchase intention, and consumer forgiveness plays a mediating effect between empathy and consumer repurchase intention. Online store reputation plays a moderating role in the relationship between consumer forgiveness and consumer repurchase intention. The research conclusion of this article will help to expand the application of empathy and consumer forgiveness in the research of service recovery, enrich the theory of online shopping service recovery, improve the effect of online shopping service recovery, and promote the healthy development of online shopping business models.
Insights Into the Processing of Collocations During L2 English Reading: Evidence From Eye Movements
Authors: Li Hui , Paterson Kevin B. , Warrington Kayleigh L. , Wang Xiaolu
Published: March 2022

We report an eye movement experiment that investigates the effects of collocation strength and contextual predictability on the reading of collocative phrases by L2 English readers. Thirty-eight Chinese English as foreign language learners (EFL) read 40 sentences, each including a specific two-word phrase that was either a strong (e.g.,black coffee) or weak (e.g.,bitter coffee) adjective-noun collocation and was either highly predictable or unpredictable from the previous sentence context. Eye movement measures showed that L2 reading times for the collocative phrases were sensitive to both collocation strength and contextual predictability. However, an interaction effect between these factors, which appeared relatively late in the eye movement record, additionally revealed that contextual predictability more strongly influenced time spent reading weak compared with strong collocations. This was most likely because the greater familiarity of strong collocations facilitated their integration, even in the absence of strong contextual constraint. We discuss the findings in terms of the value of collocations in second language learning.
Driving Mechanism for Manufacturer’s Decision of Green Innovation: From the Perspectives of Manager Cognition and Behavior Selection
Authors: Han Minghua , Zheng Daliang , Gu Danyi
Published: March 2022

From the perspectives of manager cognition and behavior selection, this paper analyzes the cognitive basis of manufacturer’s green innovation and discovers that the embodied cognition of the manager has an important influence on the selection of green innovation behavior. Next, the behavior activation in the four stages of manufacturer’s green innovation, namely, initiation, termination, change, and solidification, was analyzed, and two behavior selections were proposed: the adaptive legitimacy with institutional logic as the cognitive starting point and the strategic legitimacy with efficiency logic as the cognitive starting point. On this basis, the authors examined four types of manufacturer decisions of green innovation (compliance, selection, creation, and control) driven by manager cognition and behavior selection. The examination reveals how should the manager, facing the growing environmental pressure, form a correct cognition, select the right behavior, and make the proper green innovation decision, which promotes the green, sustainable development of manufacturers.
Selected Behaviors and Addiction Risk Among Users of Urban Multimedia Games
Authors: Grajek Mateusz , Olszewski Łukasz , Krupa-Kotara Karolina , Białek-Dratwa Agnieszka , Sas-Nowosielski Krzysztof
Published: March 2022

Introduction

The rapid development of technology has led to the transfer of entertainment to the virtual world. Many games and multimedia applications use the so-called augmented reality. With the development of a new technological branch, a new health problem has emerged, which is infoholic addiction, attracting people with the specific functionality that is cyberspace and the virtual world.

Objective

The study aimed to assess health behaviors and the risk of addiction among users of urban multimedia games. Research methodology. The study was conducted among players 1,134 of urban multimedia games—Pokemon GO, in the period March–June 2021. A 990 correctly completed questionnaires were included in the final analyses. The author’s questionnaire was used in the study, which included two standardized measurement scales in the Polish abbreviated version: a questionnaire of emotions and sensations associated with electronic entertainment and a questionnaire on addiction to electronic forms of entertainment. Statistica 13.0 program was used for statistical processing of the data. The probability level was p < 0.05.

Results

The profile of the gamer was identified as male, aged 18–30 years, with secondary education (more rarely higher), not in a relationship, living in a city of more than 100 thousand inhabitants—60.1% of gamers met these criteria. Respondents played urban multimedia games daily (84.7%). About 26.3% of respondents played this type of game 2–3 h a day. In terms of physical fitness, 64.3% of respondents felt that physical fitness had improved as a result of playing multimedia urban games. In terms of mental condition, most of the respondents said that nothing had changed (55.3%). It was observed that 72.3% of respondents had some risk of addiction to urban multimedia games.

Conclusion

Users of urban multimedia games were usually adult men living in big cities. It was also shown that the defined profile of the player was characterized by a higher risk of addiction to electronic forms of entertainment. It was observed that the respondents most often played urban multimedia games every day in a maximum of two-hour sessions. Based on the tools used, it can be concluded that the study group was characterized by a certain risk of addiction to urban multimedia games.
How Do Comeback Korean Pop Performers Acquire Audience Empathetic Attachment and Sustained Loyalty? Parasocial Interactions Through Live Stream Shows
Authors: Ma Zhuang , Song Linpei , Zhou Jue , Chong Woonkian , Xiong Wantong
Published: March 2022

Live stream platforms have transformed the production and consumption of music, allowing KPop music to expand globally. Successful KPop idols are contrasted with large numbers of retired KPop performers, some of whom live in undesirable conditions. Drawing on the attachment theory, loyalty theory, and parasocial interaction theory, this study focuses on a unique group, comeback KPop performers, to examine how they acquire empathetic attachment and sustained loyalty from audiences through live stream shows, and the antecedents (i.e., sustained attractiveness, nostalgic experience, and parasocial interactions) of these two variables. Answering these questions seems important because comeback KPop performers have to interact with audiences without the financial and marketing support from entertainment agencies. The structural equation modeling of 288 responses from 176 Chinese and 112 Korean KPop audiences confirmed that empathetic attachment and sustained loyalty are positively associated with audience purchase intentions; sustained attractiveness and parasocial interactions function as antecedents of these two factors. The findings shed light on the comeback KPop performers who co-create value with audiences through live stream platforms, with theoretical contributions to the three theories mentioned above and managerial suggestions to KPop entertainment agencies, comeback KPop performers, and managers of live stream platforms.
Associations of Face-to-Face and Instant Messaging Family Communication and Their Contents With Family Wellbeing and Personal Happiness Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Gong Wei Jie , Sit Shirley Man Man , Wong Bonny Yee Man , Wu Socrates Yong Da , Lai Agnes Yuen Kwan , Ho Sai Yin , Wang Man Ping , Lam Tai Hing
Published: March 2022

Background

Both face-to-face and instant messaging (IM) communication are important for families, but face-to-face communication has reduced amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined the use and contents of both communication methods amidst the pandemic, their associations with family wellbeing and personal happiness, and the mediation effects of communication quality in Hong Kong Chinese adults.

Methods

This population-based online survey enrolled 4,921 respondents in May 2020, who reported (i) any face-to-face or IM family communication when the pandemic was severe; (ii) communication contents being classified as neutral, positive, supportive, and negative; and (iii) communication quality, family wellbeing and personal happiness (score 0–10). Associations of family wellbeing and personal happiness with communication methods and contents (no communication excluded) were examined using linear regressions (β), adjusting for each other, sex, age, socioeconomic status, and the number of cohabitants. Mediating effects of communication quality on these associations were examined. Prevalence estimates were weighted by sex, age, and education of the general population. Interactions of methods and contents were examined.

Results

Of 4,891 included respondents (female: 52.9%, 45–54 years: 37.7%, ≥65 years: 21.3%), 7.1% reported no communication, 12.7% face-to-face communication only, 26.7% IM only, and 53.4% both methods. More males and those at younger ages, had lower socioeconomic status, or fewer cohabitants showed no family communication or face-to-face only. More respondents reported neutral (83.1–99.3%) than positive (42.1–62.2%), supportive (37.5–54.8%), and negative (10.9–34.5%) contents despite communication methods. Communication quality was higher with both methods than IM only, face-to-face only, and no communication (scores: 6.7 vs. 4.5–6.6, all P ≤ 0.02). Better family wellbeing and personal happiness were associated with using IM only (adjusted βs: 0.37 and 0.48) and both methods (0.37 and 0.42) than face-to-face only, and positive (0.62 and 0.74) or supportive (0.45 and 0.46) contents (all P ≤ 0.001). Communication quality mediated 35.2–93.5% of these associations. Stronger associations between positive contents and family wellbeing showed in both methods and face-to-face only than IM only (P for interaction = 0.006).

Conclusions

We have first shown that, amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, family IM communication and positive and supportive contents may promote family wellbeing and personal happiness. People with no family communication may need assistance.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antidepressants: An Underused but Potentially Valuable Tool in Primary Care
Authors: Piacentino Daria , Bianchi Esperia , De Donatis Domenico , Florio Vincenzo , Conca Andreas
Published: March 2022

Depressive disorders are among the most burdensome diseases globally in terms of prevalence, as well as in terms of quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. Hence, it is becoming increasingly common for primary care physicians to administer and monitor the treatment of individuals affected by depressive disorders. In this framework, Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) comes to the forefront. TDM is the measurement of specific drugs in the blood or plasma/serum, and its usefulness lies in the fact that it allows physicians to assess drug levels to personalize and optimize treatments. TDM has been used for decades to measure several classes of psychotropic drugs, such as antiepileptics and antipsychotics, but the use of this tool is still in its infancy in regard to antidepressants. In the context of primary care, TDM of antidepressant drug treatment shows promise, as it can enable primary care physicians to monitor the safety and efficacy of the treatment, leaving to secondary care, i.e., psychiatrists, the management of the more complex clinical cases.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Diabetic Retinopathy in an Urban Population in Northeast China
Authors: Qi Jin-Yan , Zhai Gang , Wang Yu , Liang Yuan-Bo , Li Dong , Wen Liang , Zang Dong-Xiao , Feng Ke-Mi , Zang Bo , Xie Cong
Published: March 2022

Objective

This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of diabetic subjects with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and those without DR (NDR) in an urban community in Northeast China, as well as their risk factors in subjects with DR and NDR.

Methods

A community-based survey involving 1,662 subjects was conducted in Fushun, China, between July 2012 and May 2013. The subjects included diabetics with DR (n = 783) and those NDR (n = 879), and questionnaires were completed to collect information about their sociodemographic and healthcare characteristics. A Chi-square test and multiple logistic analyses were performed to analyze the data.

Results

Among the DR group, 21.88% had a good knowledge of DR, 94.15% had a positive attitude, and 68.07% followed good practice, whereas 20.98% of the NDR group had a good knowledge of DR, 94.18% had a positive attitude, and 66.92% followed good practice. There was no significant difference in the KAP of the two groups of subjects. In the NDR group, a good level of knowledge was associated with a high-level of education (OR = 0.1, 0.2; p < 0.05), a good attitude was associated with retirement (OR = 0.2; p < 0.05), and good practice was associated with being female, having a high-level of education, and the type of treatment (OR = 0.5, 0.4, 2.3, 3.1; p < 0.05). In the DR group, good practice was associated with older age and retirement (OR = 0.6, 0.4; p < 0.05).

Conclusions

There was no significant difference between the DR and NDR subjects in the overall levels of KAP, but both groups showed a poor level of knowledge. Age, gender, education, occupation, and type of treatment were the main factors associated with the KAP scores, more risk factors in the NDR group than in the DR group. There is an urgent need for coordinated educational campaigns with a prioritized focus on the northeast region of China, especially NDR group.
The “Regulator” Function of Viruses on Ecosystem Carbon Cycling in the Anthropocene
Authors: Gao Yang , Lu Yao , Dungait Jennifer A. J. , Liu Jianbao , Lin Shunhe , Jia Junjie , Yu Guirui
Published: March 2022

Viruses act as “regulators” of the global carbon cycle because they impact the material cycles and energy flows of food webs and the microbial loop. The average contribution of viruses to the Earth ecosystem carbon cycle is 8.6‰, of which its contribution to marine ecosystems (1.4‰) is less than its contribution to terrestrial (6.7‰) and freshwater (17.8‰) ecosystems. Over the past 2,000 years, anthropogenic activities and climate change have gradually altered the regulatory role of viruses in ecosystem carbon cycling processes. This has been particularly conspicuous over the past 200 years due to rapid industrialization and attendant population growth. The progressive acceleration of the spread and reproduction of viruses may subsequently accelerate the global C cycle.
Embedding Pulmonary Rehabilitation for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Home and Community Setting: A Rapid Review
Authors: de Oliveira Túlio Medina Dutra , Pereira Adriano Luiz , Costa Giovani Bernardo , de Souza Mendes Liliane P. , de Almeida Leonardo Barbosa , Velloso Marcelo , Malaguti Carla
Published: March 2022

This paper presents a rapid review of the literature for the components, benefits, barriers, and facilitators of pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) people in-home and community-based settings. seventy-six studies were included: 57 home-based pulmonary rehabilitation (HBPR) studies and 19 community-based pulmonary rehabilitation (CBPR) studies. The benefits of HBPR on exercise capacity and health-related quality of life were observed in one-group studies, studies comparing HBPR to usual care, and studies comparing to hospital-based pulmonary rehabilitation, although the benefits were less pronounced in the latter. HBPR reduced hospital admissions compared to usual care and was more cost-effective than hospital pulmonary rehabilitation. Most HBPRs were designed with low-density or customized equipment, are minimally supervised, and have a low intensity of training. Although the HBPR has flexibility and no travel burden, participants with severe disease, physical frailty, and complex comorbidities had barriers to complying with HBPR. The telerehabilitation program, a facilitator for HBPR, is feasible and safe. CBPR was offered in-person supervision, despite being limited to physical therapists in most studies. Benefits in exercise capacity were shown in almost all studies, but the improvement in health-related quality of life was controversial. Patients reported the benefits that facilities where they attended the CBPR including social support and the presence of an instructor. They also reported barriers, such as poor physical condition, transport difficulties, and family commitments. Despite the minimal infrastructure offered, HBPR and CBPR are feasible, safe, and provide clinical benefits to patients with COPD. Home and community settings are excellent opportunities to expand the offer of pulmonary rehabilitation programs, as long as they follow protocols that ensure quality and safety following current guidelines.
Set Goals to Get Goals: Sowing Seeds for Success in Sports
Authors: McCarthy Paul J. , Gupta Sahen
Published: March 2022

Sports coaches encourage us to be active, alert, and to get things done quickly; they also advise us to relax, be patient, and do things slowly. With these changing instructions, we need a system to do things at our own pace. In sport psychology, we call this system goal setting. Goal setting means establishing a target that you want to achieve. When your goals are specific, achievable, and challenging, you feel motivated. Getting a glass of water from the kitchen might be specific and achievable but not challenging, whereas training for the nationals in 3 months’ time might challenge you, but you might not know precisely how or when to train. In this article, we introduce a goal-setting system that can help you to set and achieve the goals that matter most to you.