bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Successful management of an intraluminal superior sagittal sinus meningioma causing elevated intracranial pressure using gamma knife radiosurgery in subacute setting: A case report
Authors: Nwachuku Enyinna , Duehr James , Pease Matthew W. , Lunsford L. Dade , Monaco Edward A.
Published: March 2021

Background:

Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKRS) facilitates precisely focused radiation to an intracranial target while minimizing substantial off-target radiation in the surrounding normal tissue. Meningiomas attached to or invading the superior sagittal sinus may result in sinus occlusion and are often impossible to completely resect safely. The authors describe successful management of a patient with a meningioma located completely inside the posterior aspect of the superior sagittal sinus.

Case Description:

A 46-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with progressive generalized headaches accompanied by worsening vision. The patient underwent a diagnostic brain magnetic resonance imaging which showed a solitary a 7 × 6 × 10 mm homogeneously contrast-enhancing lesion within the lumen of the posterior aspect of superior sagittal sinus without ventricular enlargement or peritumoral edema. The lesion was thought to be a meningioma radiographically. To evaluate the suspected increased intracranial pressure, a lumbar puncture was subsequently performed and demonstrated an opening pressure of 30 cm H2O. After drainage of 40 cc of CSF, the spinal closing pressure was 9 cm H2O. After failure of conservative management with acetazolamide, and determination of surgical inoperability due to the critical intraluminal location of the mass lesion, the patient underwent Gamma Knife radiosurgery. The 0.36 cc tumor was treated as an outpatient in the Perfexion® model Gamma Knife with a highly conformal and selective plan that enclosed the 3D geometry of the tumor with a minimal margin tumor dose of 14 gy at the 50% isodose. Three months after GKRS, the patient reported continued reduction in the frequency and severity of both her headaches and her visual disturbance. Ophthalmological consultation noted progressive resolution of her optic disc edema confirmed by formal optical coherence tomography. The patient is now 3 years out from GKRS with complete resolution of headache symptoms along with persistent reduction in tumor size (3 × 1 × 4 mm) on serial period imaging and resolution of papilledema.

Conclusion:

Tumors located in such critical anatomic regions, as in our patient, should be considered for primary GKRS when the risks of biopsy or removal are too high. GKRS was able to provide great radiographic and clinical result in an intricately located meningioma.
Designing an ion trap for quantum simulation
Authors: Buluta I.M. , Hasegawa S.
Published: March 2021

Planar Coulomb crystals have been recently proposed for the implementation of quantum simulation and computation. In order to put this idea into practice we designed a specialized RF ion trap system. The design is based on extensive numerical simulations of planar Coulomb crystals in RF traps and the estimation of the error in quantum simulation and computation. Our trap would have reduced heating rates and large axial confinement frequencies would be available. Moreover, it provides very good optical access and it is easy to construct and operate.
Quantum direct communication with mutual authenticationQuantum direct communication with mutual authenticationQuantum direct communication with mutual authentication
Authors: Yen C.-A. , Horng S.-J. , Goan H.-S. , Kao T.-W. , Chou Y.-H.
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we first point out that some recently proposed quantum direct communication (QDC) protocols with authentication are vulnerable under some specific attacks, and the secrete message will leak out to the authenticator who is introduced to authenticate users participating in the communication. We then propose a new protocol that is capable of achieving secure QDC with authentication as long as the authenticator would do the authentication job faithfully. Our quantum protocol introduces a mutual authentication procedure, uses the quantum Bell states, and applies unitary transformations in the authentication process. Then it exploits and utilizes the entanglement swapping and local unitary operations in the communication processes. Thus, after the authentication process, the client users are left alone to communicate with each other, and the authenticator has no access to the secrete message. In addition, our protocol does not require a direct quantum link between any two users, who want to communicate with each other. This may also be an appealing advantage in the implementation of a practical quantum communication network.
Locality bounds on Hamiltonians for stabilizer codes
Authors: Bullock S.S. , O'Leary D.P.
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we study the complexity of Hamiltonians whose groundstate is a stabilizer code. We introduce various notions of $k$-locality of a stabilizer code, inherited from the associated stabilizer group. A choice of generators leads to a Hamiltonian with the code in its groundspace. We establish bounds on the locality of any other Hamiltonian whose groundspace contains such a code, whether or not its Pauli tensor summands commute. Our results provide insight into the cost of creating an energy gap for passive error correction and for adiabatic quantum computing. The results simplify in the cases of XZ-split codes such as Calderbank-Shor-Steane stabilizer codes and topologically-ordered stabilizer codes arising from surface cellulations.
Quantum search of partially ordered sets
Authors: Montanaro A.
Published: March 2021

We investigate the generalisation of quantum search of unstructured and totally ordered sets to search of partially ordered sets (posets). Two models for poset search are considered. In both models, we show that quantum algorithms can achieve at most a quadratic improvement in query complexity over classical algorithms, up to logarithmic factors; we also give quantum algorithms that almost achieve this optimal reduction in complexity. In one model, we give an improved quantum algorithm for searching forest-like posets; in the other, we give an optimal $O(\sqrt{m})$-query quantum algorithm for searching posets derived from $m \times m$ arrays sorted by rows and columns. This leads to a quantum algorithm that finds the intersection of two sorted lists of $n$ integers in $O(\sqrt{n})$ time, which is optimal.
Entanglement-resistant two-Prover interactive proof systems and non-adaptive PIRs
Authors: Cleve R. , Gavinsky D. , Jain R.
Published: March 2021

We show that every language in $\np$ is recognized by a two-prover interactive proof system with the following properties. The proof system is entanglement-resistant (i.e., its soundness is robust against provers who have prior shared entanglement), it has one round of interaction, the provers' answers are single bits, and the completeness-soundness gap is constant (formally, $\np\subseteq \xmips_{1-\varepsilon,1/2+\varepsilon}\mo[2]$, for any~$\varepsilon$ such that $0 < \varepsilon < 1/4$). Our result is based on the ``oracularizing" property of a particular private information retrieval scheme (PIR), and it suggests that investigating related properties of other PIRs might bear further fruit.
Disrupters of the Thymidylate Synthase Homodimer Accelerate Its Proteasomal Degradation and Inhibit Cancer Growth.
Authors: Luca Costantino , Ferrari Stefania , Santucci Matteo , Salo-Ahen Outi M. , Emanuele Carosati , Franchini Silvia , Angela Lauriola , Pozzi Cecilia , Marverti Gaetano , Trande Matteo , Gaia Gozzi , Saxena Puneet , Cannazza Giuseppe , Losi Lorena , Cardinale Daniela , Venturelli Alberto , Quotadamo Antonio , Linciano Pasquale , Guerrini Remo , Pacifico Salvatore , Luciani Rosaria , Genovese Filippo , Stefan Henrich , Silvia Alboni , Santarem Nuno , Cordeiro-da-Silva Anabela , Giovannetti Elisa , Peters Godefridus , Pinton Paolo , Rimessi Alessandro , Cruciani Gabriele , Stroud Robert , Wade Rebecca , Mangani Stefano , D'Arca Domenico , Ponterini Glauco , Costi Maria Paola
Published: March 2021

Drugs that target human thymidylate synthase (hTS) are widely used in anti-cancer therapy. However, treatment with classical substrate-site-directed TS inhibitors induces its over-expression and the development of drug resistance. We thus pursued an alternative strategy that led to the discovery of TS-dimer disrupters that bind at the monomer-monomer interface and shift the dimerization equilibrium of both the recombinant and the intracellular protein toward the inactive monomers. We performed a structural, spectroscopic and kinetic investigation of the effects of these small molecules andthe best one, E7, accelerates the proteasomal degradation of hTS in cancer cells. E7 showed a superior anticancer profile to fluorouracil in a mouse model of human pancreatic and ovarian cancer. Thus, over sixty years after the discovery of the first TS prodrug inhibitor, fluorouracil, E7 breaks the link between TS inhibition and enhanced expression in response, providing a strategy to fight drug-resistant cancers.
Synthesis of 1-(1-Arylvinyl)pyridin-2(1H)-ones from Ketones and 2-Fluoropyridine
Authors: Kawamoto Takuji , ikeda shunya , Kamimura Akio
Published: March 2021

Pyridone skeletons are found in numerous biologically active molecules and pharmaceuticals. 1-(1-Arylvinyl)pyridin-2(1H)-ones are synthetic intermediates derived from the enamide moiety, and only few examples of the synthesis of 1-(1-arylvinyl)-2-pyridones have been reported. In this work, a simple and efficient procedure for the synthesis of N-vinyl-substituted pyridones from ketones and 2-fluoropyridine in the presence of trifluoromethane sulfonic anhydride, followed by base treatment is described. Various ketones with electron-donating or -withdrawing groups at the benzene rings can be used in this reaction. A preliminary mechanistic study indicates that it is not very likely that both vinyl triflates and vinyl cations play major roles as intermediates in this transformation. The thus obtained pyridones can be subsequently transformed via C–H arylation and radical alkylation reactions.
Versatile and Selective Fluorination of the Surface of Polymeric Materials After Stereolithography 3D Printing
Authors: Catterton Megan , Montalbine Alyssa N. , Pompano Rebecca
Published: March 2021

With the microfluidics community embracing 3D resin printing as a rapid fabrication method, controlling surface chemistry has emerged as a new challenge. Fluorination of 3D printed surfaces is highly desirable in many applications due to chemical inertness, low friction coefficients, anti-fouling properties and the potential for selective hydrophobic patterning. Despite sporadic reports, silanization methods have not been optimized for covalent bonding with polymeric resins. As a case study, we tested the silanization of a commercially available (meth)acrylate-based resin (BV-007A) with a fluoroalkyl trichlorosilane. Interestingly, plasma oxidation was unnecessary for silanization of this resin, and indeed was ineffective. Solvent-based deposition in a fluorinated oil (FC-40) generated significantly higher contact angles than deposition in ethanol or gas-phase deposition, yielding hydrophobic surfaces with contact angle > 110˚ under optimized conditions. Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy indicated that the increase in contact angle correlated with consumption of a carbonyl moiety, suggesting covalent bonding of the silane without plasma oxidation. Consistent with a covalent bond, the silanization was resistant to mechanical damage and hydrolysis in methanol, and was stable over long-term storage. When tested on a suite of photocrosslinkable resins, this silanization protocol generated highly hydrophobic surfaces (contact angle > 110˚) on three resins and moderate hydrophobicity (90 – 100˚) on the remainder. Selective patterning of hydrophobic regions in an open 3D-printed microchannel was possible in combination with simple masking techniques. Thus, this facile fluorination strategy is expected to be applicable for resin-printed materials in a variety of contexts including micropatterning and multiphase microfluidics.
Pathway Complexity in Supramolecular Porphyrin Self-Assembly at an Immiscible Liquid|Liquid Interface
Authors: Robayo-Molina Iván , Molina-Osorio Andrés F. , Guinane Luke , Tofail Syed A.M. , Scanlon Micheal D.
Published: March 2021

Nanostructures that are inaccessible through spontaneous thermodynamic processes may be formed by supramolecular self-assembly under kinetic control. In the past decade, the dynamics of pathway complexity in self-assembly have been elucidated through kinetic models based on aggregate growth by sequential monomer association and dissociation. Immiscible liquid|liquid interfaces are an attractive platform to develop well-ordered self-assembled nanostructures, unattainable in bulk solution, due to the templating interaction of the interface with adsorbed molecules. Here, we report time-resolved in situ UV/vis spectroscopic observations of the self-assembly of zinc(II) meso-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (ZnTPPc) at an immiscible aqueous|organic interface. We show that the kinetically favoured metastable J-type nanostructures form quickly, but then transform into stable thermodynamically favoured H-type nanostructures. Numerical modelling revealed two parallel and competing cooperative pathways leading to the different porphyrin nanostructures. These insights demonstrate that pathway complexity is not unique to self-assembly processes in bulk solution, and equally valid for interfacial self-assembly. Subsequently, the interfacial electrostatic environment was tuned using a kosmotropic anion (citrate) in order to control the influence the pathway selection. At high concentrations, interfacial nanostructure formation was forced completely down the kinetically favoured pathway and only J-type nanostructures were obtained. Furthermore, we found by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) that the J- and H-type nanostructures obtained at low and high citric acid concentrations, respectively, are morphologically distinct, which illustrates the pathway-dependent material properties.
Exploring the in Vitro Operating Window of Glycosyltransferase PtUGT1 from Polygonum Tinctorium for a Biocatalytic Route to Indigo Dye
Authors: Petermeier Philipp , Fortuna Cristina , Hübschmann Kathrine M. , Nahuel Bidart Costoya Gonzalo , Tørring Thomas , Tezé David , Welner Ditte Hededam , Kara Selin
Published: March 2021

The eobiotic compound indican lends itself to a compelling biocatalytic dyeing strategy for denim, in which the formation of corrosive by-products is avoided. However, the efficient and scalable production of indican remains a key bottleneck. This work focuses on the in vitro characterization of PtUGT1, a glycosyltransferase from Polygonum tinctorium that catalyzes the formation of indican via the glycosylation of indoxyl. Here, the buffer composition and enzyme concentration were identified as key parameters for enzyme activity and stability. The short lifetime of the enzyme under reaction conditions initiated an immobilization study. As a consequence, an amino-functionalized methacrylate resin was identified as a highly functional option for efficient immobilization of PtUGT1, allowing immobilization yields of > 98% for enzyme loadings up to 7.6 w-%. We further report a stabilization factor of 47 and significantly improved overall biocatalytic productivity. The straightforward handling and reuse of the described heterogeneous biocatalyst is demonstrated.
Base-Mediated Generation of Ketenimines from Ynamides: Addition of Hydrazones to Give Acetimidohydrazides
Authors: Mahe Capucine , D’Hollander Agathe C. A. , Cariou Kevin
Published: March 2021

Under basic conditions, N-arylketenimines were generated in situ from N-Boc ynamides and reacted with hydrazones. Under heating, an addition of the hydrazone onto the central carbon of the ketenimine takes place, giving rise to various acetamidohydrazides.
The medicinal plant Calpurnia aurea leaves act as an anti-inflammatory source of 5-Lipoxygenase / Cyclooxygenase-2 dual inhibitors
Authors: Tesfay Weletnsae  , Tekleweyni Tadege  , Kidu Hintsa  , Gopalakrishnan V K  , Zenebe Hagos  , Berihu Tekluu  , Kamalakararao K  , Muthulingam M  , Krishna Chaithanya K
Published: March 2021

Calpurnia aurea is a medicinal plant belonging to the family of Fabaceae. Traditionally in Ethiopia the leaves have been used for the treatment of diarrhea, leishmaniasis, swelling, cough and snake bite. Based on the traditional use the leaves of C. aurea might be a promising source for development of anti-inflammatory agents. The objective of the current research was  to explore the 5- Lipooxygenase (5-LOX), Cyclooxygenase-1 & Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-1 & COX-2) inhibitory activity of inflammatory enzymes of organic leaves crude  extract of C. aurea and its phytochemical analysis. The dried leaves powder of the C. aurea (100 g) was extracted with successive soxhlet extraction by solvents of low polarity (Petroleum ether) to a high polar solvent (Ethanol). These organic leaf extracts C. aurea were assessed for the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity by 5- Lipooxygenase, Cyclooxygenase-1 & Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory activities by ELISA method and further subjected to phytochemical screening. The ethanolic  leaves extract of C.aurea showed significant 5-LOX inhibitory activity of 51.07% at 100 µg/ml with IC50 of 95.30µg/ml and the C.aurea leaves acetone extract showed the  selective COX-2 index (2.35) inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 200.75μg/ml. The current work revealed that the C. aurea leaf acetone extract (CALAC) is  shows potential source for the isolation and development of 5-LOX and COX-2 dual inhibitory compounds for management of inflammatory related diseases and inflammatory cancers.
الحكم الصالح وآلياته في الحد من عمليات الإبادة الجماعية العراق بعد 2003 أنموذجا
Authors: Jasim Haji Salim , Afdo Ali Wajeeh
Published: March 2021

عند الحديث عن الحكم الصالح يمكن القول إن وظيفة علم السياسة الحديث كان وما يزال يتمثل بتحديد طبيعة سلطة الدولة، وعدم السماح لها بالتوجه نحو التوسع، وتنظيم ممارستها في ظل حكم الدستور، وتوجيه نشاطاتها نحو أهداف تعد شرعية بنظر الشعوب التي تحكمها، وبناء القدرات البشرية وتنظيم الجانب العقلاني في المجتمع، لكي تضمن لها الطاعة والخضوع لسلطات الدولة وما يصدر منها من قوانين. ان الحكم الصالح وآلياته يعد من الامور المهمة التي ينبغي الاخذ بها من أجل عدم تكرار عمليات الإبادة الجماعية، خصوصا المجتمع العراقي الذي عانى كثيرا من هذه العمليات، فالحكم الصالح يسمح بإدارة التعدد والتنوع بصورة سلمية بعيدًا عن أدوات القوة والعنف التي تعرض لها كثير من الأمم والقوميات في العصور المختلفة، أي أن الحكم الصالح يقوم على أساس احترام التعددية الثقافية (Multiculturalism)، وحل المشاكل بالصيغ والآليات السلمية من أجل تحقيق التعايش السلمي في العراق.
( Ca –markov ) النمذجة المكانية للزحف الحضري في مدينة دهوك بإستخدام خوارزمية ماركوف
Authors: M. Hasan Mizgeen , S Rajab Sameer
Published: March 2021

تلعب التقنيات المكانية في الوقت الحالي دورا بارزا في المساهمة في تقديم الحلول للكثير من مشاكل المدن وتطرح العديد من البدائل لصناع القرار لاختيار الحلول الناجحة لتلك المشاكل، وتأتي هذه الدراسة ضمن هذا الإطار لتقدم فكرة واضحة عن مشكلة تعاني منها معظم المدن وكل حسب ظروفها ومواقعها الجغرافية والمواضع التي قامت عليها، ولاتكاد تخلو مدينة دهوك من هذه المشكلة، حيث شهدت زحفا وتوسعا بإتجاه كافة أطرافها نتيجة الطلب المستمر على الاراضي لإستثمارها في تلبية حاجات سكانها وكذلك سكان أقليمها بإعتبارها مركزا للمحافظة. تم استخدام سلاسل ماركوف كأداة إحصائية لعمل مصفوفة استعمالات الارض بفئات محددة وبالتزامن مع برامج الادريسي ((ArcGIS10.5 و( (ENVI3.5 للتعامل مع المرئيات الفضائية للمدينة.تمخضت الدراسة عن ان معظم زحف وتوسعها مدينة دهوك كان على حساب الاراضي الصخرية وخصوصا على طرفي المدينة الجنوبي والشمالي بإتجاه سفحي الجبلين الابيض وزاوا، وبلغت مساحة هذا التوسع ضمن صنفي الاراضي الصخرية والمتروكة مامجموعه (3650) هكتار بين العامين (1999) و (2019).
بناء اختبار مهاري مركب بالطبطبة والتهديف السلمي بكرة السلة لدي طلاب كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة
Authors: Raadi Mahdi Miqdad , Ahmad Hussein Jameel
Published: March 2021

ان التقييم الدقيق للاعب كرة السلة يتطلب اختبار قريب من واقع اللعب الحقيقي لذلك هدف البحث الى: ١.بناء اختبار مهاري مركب لمهارتي الطبطبة والتهديف السلمي بكرة السلة. 2ـ وضع درجات ومستویات معیاریة للاختبار المقترح. واستخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي بالأسلوب المسحي للوصل الى اهداف البحث وحل مشكلة وأشتمل مجتمع البحث على طلاب كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة للسنة الدراسية (2017 - 2018) اما عينة البحث فتكونت من طلاب المرحلة الدراسية الثانية، وبلغ عدد افراد العينة (91) طالب وبنسبة مئوية قدرها (57.23%). واستخدم الاستبيان والاختبار كوسيلة لجمع المعلومات والبيانات وتم استخدام الوسائل الإحصائية من وسط حسابي وانحراف معياري ومعامل التواء واختبار (T-test) للعينات المستقلة ومعامل ارتباط بيرسون والنسبة المئوية وقانون (6) سكما لإيجاد المعايير. واستنتج الباحثان ما يلي: الاختبار المصمم له القدرة على اعطاء درجات موضوعية لمهارتي الطبطبة والتهديف السلمي بكرة السلة. ظهور طلاب بجميع المستويات من جيد جداً ولغاية ضعيف. توزعت عينة البحث بين المستويين (المتوسط والمقبول). الاختبار المصمم يتمتع بمعاملات علمية جيدة من صدق وثبات وموضوعية. واصى الباحثان على الاستفادة من الاختبار المصمم والدرجات والمستويات المعيارية من قبل الاساتذة والمختصون
نه‌ته‌وایه‌تى د ته‌رازیا ئیسلامێ دا
Authors: Sharif Tahir Anas
Published: March 2021

نه‌ته‌وایه‌تى ئه‌و هه‌ستا مرۆڤ ده‌ردبرت به‌رامبه‌ر كه‌سێن دگه‌هنه‌ مرۆڤى ل سه‌ر بنه‌مایێ خوینێ یان هه‌ڤپشكیا د ئاخێ دا، ، كارڤه‌دانه‌كا كۆمه‌لایه‌تى یه‌، به‌شه‌ك ژ مرۆڤان ب ئێك بنه‌ماڤه‌ بێنه‌ گرێدان كو رابردووی پاشه‌رۆژه‌كا هه‌ڤپشك یێ هه‌ى، كه‌لتۆر و زمانێ وان ئێكه‌. نه‌ته‌وایه‌تى د ئیسلامێ دا هاتینه‌ دابه‌شكرن ل سه‌ر دو جۆران: جۆرێ ئێكێ نه‌ته‌وایه‌تیا ده‌مارگیریه‌، نه‌سه‌ب و ره‌نگ و زمانان ب كارتینت، و خوه‌ ل سه‌ر وان بنه‌ما دبینت باشتر ژ كه‌سێن دى. ئه‌ڤاهه‌ ئاینێ ئیسلامێ ب حه‌رامى ل قه‌له‌مدایه‌، و كاركریه‌ ژ بۆ نه‌هێلانا وێ هزرێ، و ژ بنه‌مایێت (جاهلیه‌تێ) دانایه‌. جۆرێ دووێ: نه‌ته‌وایه‌تیا ئه‌رێ یه‌، ئه‌وه‌ مرۆڤ وێ گرێدانا ل سه‌ر بنه‌مایێ خوینێ یان زمانى یان ئاخێ بكار بینت بۆ پتر خزمه‌تا مرۆڤایه‌تیێ، و ئیسلامێ دان ب مافێ هه‌بوونا هه‌ر ملله‌ته‌كى كریه‌ و دیر ژ ده‌مارگیریێ،، هه‌ر وه‌ها زامنا مافێ نه‌ته‌وا كریه‌ یێ كه‌لتۆرى ، چ جاوازى د ناڤبه‌را نه‌ته‌وان دا نینه‌ هه‌مى برایێن یه‌كن ته‌نها پیڤه‌رێ جاوازیێ كریه‌ (تقوى). لێ ل دیرۆكا ئیسلامێ دا دیاردا ره‌گه‌زپه‌رستنێ زۆر جاران سه‌رێ خوه‌ هه‌لدایه‌، كارێن نه‌ره‌وا ل جهێن جودا و ل ده‌مێن جودا په‌یدابووینه‌، دویر ژ وان بنه‌مایێن ئیسلامه‌تیێ داناین، و رگه‌ز په‌رستن نه‌هاته‌ بن بركرن د ناف ملله‌تێن بوسولمان دا. هه‌ستا نه‌ته‌وى ل ده‌ف كوردان كارڤه‌دانا سیته‌مكاریا نه‌ته‌وێن ده‌وروبه‌ربوو، ماف دایه‌ خوه‌ وه‌لاتێ وان داگیر بكه‌ن، و چ ماف ژ وان را نه‌پاراستین، گه‌له‌ك شوره‌ش كوردان كرینه‌، زۆربه‌ى سه‌ركێشێن وان شوره‌شین نه‌ته‌وه‌یى یێن كوردان شێخ و مه‌لا و زانایێن ئاینى بووینه‌، و به‌رهنگارى هه‌ستا ده‌مارگیریا عه‌ره‌بى و فارسى و تورانى بووینه‌. تێته‌ زانین ژ ڤێ ڤه‌كۆلینێ چاره‌سه‌ریا ره‌گه‌ز په‌رستنێ ئه‌وه‌ بوسولمان بزڤرنه‌ سه‌ر رێره‌وا دوروست یا ئاینێ ئیسلامێ، ، و دویر بكه‌ڤن ژ ده‌مارگیریا كو هاتیه‌ حه‌رامكرن، و دانێ ب مافێ نه‌ته‌وا بده‌ن وه‌كى خۆدێ دایه‌ هه‌ر نه‌ته‌وه‌كى، كو مافه‌كێ خوداى یه‌ هه‌ر ملله‌ته‌ك چاره‌نڤیسا خوه‌ وه‌كى ئه‌و پێت رازى بكه‌ت، دا ئاشتى دناڤبه‌را ملله‌تان به‌رقه‌راربتن. ( نه‌ته‌وایه‌تى ، ره‌گه‌زپه‌رستن ، ماف ، زمان )
Mitochondrial Metabolism, Dysfunctions in Senescence Cell and the Possible Interventions through Herbal Medicines
Authors:   FG Scientifica and Science Department at Nutrition Formulators Inc., Miramar, Fl, USA.
Published: March 2021

The mitochondria are the cell`s powerhouse. They are considered ubiquitous organelles of all eukaryotic cells, being responsible for the cell’s life and death cycle. Through stimuli in the environment in which they live, mitochondria can modulate their own biogenesis as well as signal retrograde to the nucleus to modify the structure of their proteins. Since the mitochondrial genome contains only 37 genes, much of the encoding of its proteins depends on the nuclear genome. Thus, the communication between mitochondria and the nucleus seems to be a target of science in understanding the pathologies associated with this organelle. Some medicinal herbs have been shown to influence mitochondrial biogenesis, such as Gynostemma pentaphyllun (GP) and berberine, which increase the phosphorylation of proteins AMPactivated protein kinase (AMPK). Just as GP and berberine phosphorylate AMPK in signaling for mitochondrial biogenesis, the sesquiterpene beta-caryophyllene (BCP) demonstrated positive results in reorganizing mitochondrial transcription factors, being an agonist of the peroxisome proliferatoractivated alpha receptor (PPAR-α). Another plant derivative, the non-psychoactive cannabinoid known as cannabidiol (CBD), has been showing control in the metabolism of calcium in the mitochondrial matrix. In this review, we seek to get a closer look at the biochemical mechanisms of action of some of these plants, as well as their synergies in the results of different treatments. In the view of oriental medicines, the use of associated medicinal herbs has always been part of their treatment protocols. However, the effectiveness of these treatments in relation to plant synergy can be observed in future clinical trials for better understanding.
“Spitting as traditional medicine” – why alpha-emitting nanoparticulates make spitting an unfortunate but significant contribution to health
Authors:   Independent Researcher
Published: March 2021

Spitting is a human reflex as old as civilization, related, mainly, as is shown, to the evacuation of internal contamination with alpha-emitting nanoparticulates, a contamination with many causes, from car fumes and industrial smokes, coal ashes and cement, radon, phosphated fertilizers, to depleted uranium weapons and natural dust and tap water in areas of high natural radioactivity, as well as cigarettes, for the main sources. Strong levels of coal ash pollution together with high natural radioactivity explain for instance the spitting “custom” in Chinese streets, together with long distances between workplace and home, widespread cigarette use, and lack of public toilets. Alphaemitting nanoparticulates become a part of the digestion cycle in meat-eaters, but not without collateral damage.
Prevalence of Obesity in Adolescents
Authors: Oltean Antoanela , Georgescu Adrian Dorin , Popescu Raducu
Published: March 2021

The experiment was carried out over a period of 3 months, during 24 sessions. Subjects (n = 80) aged 11-17 years. 34 of them were male and 46 were female. We have associated a diet with some classical exercises for kinetic therapy for the rehabilitation of the defective condition of the subjects. Each subject benefited from an individualized program according to the static medical problems detected. By completing the individualized kinetic program, each of the 80 subjects improved on average 7 out of the 12 indices determined by the posturotest. The best results were recorded for girls, in the measurements monitored at the back examination. In boys, the best results were recorded in the measurements monitored in the profile examination. The main conclusion is that a controlled diet and kinetic exercises individualized for each and every defective condition improve both health and posture.
Race And Representation On Tv: The Influence Of Tv Status On Latino Identities
Authors: Gonzalez Jesus
Published: March 2021

It has been observed that most American TV media has taken on a format that seems to concern itself primarily with White, middle to high-income family situations. Even though the United States of America has a Latino population that reaches 17% (approximately 55 million Latinos—with Mexican Americans making up 63% of that number) and growing (Krogstad 2016), we still see a tremendous lack of Latino characters in American television. This leaves millions of Americans with no substantial representations that they can relate to, or form an identity off of. Instead, Latinos are forced into believing they are not important enough to merit TV roles and perhaps not really be American at all. This research was a content analysis of 79 scripted shows that aired through 2011-2015 to determine how often Latinos came out and how they were portrayed. Results showed that they appeared an average of six minutes on screen and they were generally depicted as criminals. Additionally, four focus group interviews were conducted,and participants also responded that shows tend to stereotype minorities while they showed White characters as authority figures. Both content analysis and focus group interviews found that Latinos lack strong representation in American television.
¿Hay equilibrio? Experiencias de vida laboral y manejo de emociones de médicos mexicanos en la frontera México-Estados Unidos
Authors: Ramirez-Cantu Ana Lu
Published: March 2021

El propósito de este estudio es analizar las experiencias de vida laboral y manejo emocional de los médicos mientras ejercen en los EE. UU.-México. Tienen diferentes experiencias y hay un cambio constante de médicos que intentan manejar el trabajo y la vida personal; deben aprender a lidiar con las emociones que se derivan de su profesión y las presiones adicionales de ejercer la medicina con precaución debido a la guerra contra las drogas en curso en Nuevo Laredo, México. Además, los médicos en la frontera atienden a pacientes tanto de México como de los EE. UU. Hay presiones y tensiones significativas involucradas en la práctica de la medicina, y esto es aún más relevante cuando se trabaja en la región fronteriza. Es por esto que este estudio es relevante e importante. A través de la metodología cualitativa, adquirí las experiencias de médicos mexicanos en la frontera Laredo-Nuevo Laredo. A través de un análisis temático de entrevistas en profundidad, los médicos describieron las dificultades que encontraron al lidiar con las emociones en el trabajo, lo que dio un significado más profundo a sus declaraciones. Los secuestros, atracos y extorsiones imponen limitaciones significativas en la vida laboral de los médicos...
Los amantes en la época del smartphone: aspectos comunicativos y psicológicos relativos al inicio y mantenimiento de la relación romántica
Authors: Alvídrez Salvador , Rojas-Solís José Luis
Published: March 2021

Los teléfonos celulares inteligentes o smartphones constituyen una parte importante, a veces indispensable, de la vida contemporánea de las personas en múltiples dimensiones. El presente trabajo tiene como propósito fundamental analizar el uso de estos dispositivos en el ámbito de las relaciones románticas. A partir de un enfoque sociodeterminista de las tecnologías de la comunicación, se hace una revisión de las motivaciones comunicativas y psicológicas asociadas a los distintos patrones de uso del smartphone en las fases previa (ej., búsqueda de pareja a través de aplicaciones de micro-citas) y posterior al inicio de la relación. En particular, se describen algunos de los avances más relevantes en esta línea de estudio y se discute el grado de influencia que este tipo de dispositivo tiene en la formación, consolidación o término de la relación . Además, se revisan algunos patrones de uso del aparato móvil con efectos negativos para la relación, tales como el phubbing, sexting y el ciberbullying. Este trabajo también pretende trazar una hoja de ruta para posteriores análisis empíricos respecto al papel instrumentador de las tecnologías en las relaciones sentimentales.
Televisión Legislativa en México, aproximación a Canal del Congreso y Ciudad TV, el Canal de la Asamblea
Authors: Pareja Sánchez Norma
Published: March 2021

Este texto presenta resultados de investigación sobre la Televisión Legislativa en México. Se estudian los casos del Canal del Congreso y de Ciudad TV, Canal de la Asamblea de la Ciudad de México, considerando su importancia para la consolidación de la democracia como vehículos de conexión entre el Estado y la sociedad en el ejercicio de la representatividad, el escrutinio y la deliberación pública. El objetivo general de este trabajo consistió en analizar la conformación de la naciente categoría de Televisión Legislativa en el proceso de democratización en México mediante investigación empírica a partir de entrevistas en profundidad e investigación documental. Los datos indican que tanto en el Canal del Congreso como en el de la Asamblea Legislativa de la Ciudad de México existen debilidades en términos de autonomía de gestión, de presupuesto e infraestructura; aunque el primero tiene mayor solidez en su constitución. Éste muestra un proceso de estructuración jurídico normativa y tecnológica más maduro; en tanto, el Canal de la Asamblea opera con deficiencias de infraestructura y un modelo de programación basado en el Infoentretenimiento. Adicionalmente, la investigación identificó una importante expansión de señales de televisión pública en la Ciudad de México con la llegada de la TDT.
Uso de la gestión de relaciones para legitimar la monarquía: un análisis del reinado del rey Juan Carlos I de España
Authors: García César
Published: March 2021

Este artículo explora la gestión de las relaciones por parte del rey Juan Carlos I de España para legitimar la monarquía como institución y construir una nueva democracia tras la muerte de Franco en 1975. El alto nivel de apoyo público durante la mayor parte de su reinado muestra que existe una correlación entre la buena la gestión de las relaciones y la fidelización de los sujetos. Solo cuando se violaron algunos principios básicos de gestión de relaciones de beneficio mutuo, como la confianza y la apertura con sus súbditos, el nivel de apoyo de Juan Carlos I y la monarquía como institución comenzó a decaer. No obstante, el valor de la gestión de las relaciones ha resultado duradero ya que el nuevo monarca, Felipe VI, pudo recuperar en un período de tiempo relativamente corto el apoyo público del que gozó Juan Carlos I en el pasado. Este hecho indica que incluso en el caso de monarquías disruptivas, como la española, el poder de la gestión de relaciones ha mostrado efectividad para legitimar la institución...
Rosas Mantecón, Ana (2017), Ir al cine: antropología de los públicos, la ciudad y las pantallas, CDMX: Gedisa Editorial/UAM Iztapalapa
Authors: Hinojosa Córdova Lucila
Published: March 2021

En este libro, la investigadora Ana Rosas hace una radiografía de la ciudad de México, de cómo se fueron desarrollando sus espacios cinematográficos en medio del resto de la oferta cultural, de cómo los públicos, en distintos tiempos y con diversas historias de vida, tenían sus modos de ver, sus reacciones ante las pautas que proponían las ofertas de cine y los pactos de consumo que se generaban. Su visión sobre los públicos, en su perspectiva antropológica, nos muestra que ir al cine es más que ver una película; se trata de una práctica de acceso cultural a través de la cual nos relacionamos con un filme, pero también con otras personas y con el espacio que contextualiza la experiencia cinematográfica.
ما الّذي يمكن تعلّمه من القرآن؟ وكيف؟ دراسةٌ في ضوء العقلانيّة النقديّة
Authors: بايا علي
Published: March 2021

تهدف هذه المقالة إلى التعريف بالعقلانية النقدية في الدراسات القرآنية. وتتوزع على ستة محاور، إضافة إلى مقدمة وخاتمة. تعرض المقدمة بعض الملاحظات الأولية حول القرآن والدراسات القرآنية، ويقدم المحور الأول توضيحات مختصرة حول رؤية العقلانية النقدية، أما المحور الثاني فيعرض مجموعة من المفاهيم المرتبطة بالبحث نظير "قابلية الانضغاط بصورة ألوغاريتمية"، و"الأنظمة المعقدة"، و"العمق المنطقي"، في حين يبين المحور الثالث في ضوء المقدمات التي عُرضت في المقدمات السابقة أن القرآن عبارة عن نظام معقد وفق عمق منطقي كبير، ويمكن درك رسالته على أفضل نحو من خلال الاستعانة بالعقلانية النقدية، ثم يتضمن المحور الرابع بحثًا مختصرًا حول علاقة القرآن بأبحاث المعنى، بينما يُجري المحور الخامس مقارنة نقدية مختصرة بين المقاربة المنسوبة إلى علي بن أبي طالب (عليه السلام) حول فهم القرآن المشهورة بـ "منهج استنطاق القرآن" ومقاربة العقلانية النقدية، وأخيرًا يطرح المحور السادس ويعالج بعض الإشكالات المحتملة حول مقاربة العقلانية النقدية للقرآن. وفي الختام، تُعرض نتيجة المسائل المطروحة.
الإسلام الحنبلي
Authors: أبو هدور محمد يسري
Published: March 2021

صدر في عام 2017، عن الشبكة العربية للأبحاث والنشر في بيروت، ترجمة لكتاب الإسلام الحنبلي للمستشرق الأميركي جورج مقدسي، وهذا الكتاب مجموعة محاضرات ألقاها مؤلفه في الكوليج دو فرانس في ديسمبر 1969، وأهداها إلى أستاذه هنري لاووست، وهو مستشرق فرنسي معروف، تخصص في دراسة المذهب الحنبلي وابن تيمية. نال مؤلف الكتاب درجة الدكتوراه من جامعة السوربون بفرنسا عام 1964، وعمل في حقل الدراسات الإسلامية، وكان تخصصه الدقيق متمثلًا في حقل دراسة المذاهب الإسلامية والتأريخ لها، لا سيما المذهب الحنبلي. كما اشتغل بالتدريس بصفته أستاذًا للغة العربية والدراسات الإسلامية في مجموعة من أهم الجامعات الأميركية، فضلًا عن بعض الكتب المتميزة، مثل نشأة الكليات: معاهد العلم عند المسلمين وفي الغرب، الأشعري والأشاعرة في التاريخ الديني الإسلامي. توفي مقدسي في عام 2002.
In vitro Anticoccidial, Antioxidant Activities and Biochemical Screening of Methanolic and Aqueous Leaves Extracts of Selected Plants
Authors: . Wajiha
Published: March 2021

Avian coccidiosis, a protozoan parasitic disease caused by genus Eimeria. Due to emergence of drug resistant Eimeria species, this study was aimed to evaluate anticoccidial potentials of Ficus racemosa, Cassia fistula and Syzygium cumini leaves extracts. In vitro anticoccidial efficacy of extracts was evaluated by oocysts sporulation inhibition and sporozoites viability inhibition assays of mixed Eimeria species oocysts. The set up was examined after 48hrs of incubation. DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power and total antioxidant capacity were used for the evaluation of antioxidant potential of extracts. Among tested extracts maximum oocysts sporulation inhibition 86.81±2.35% and sporozoites viability inhibition was 86.73±1.67% at concentration 30 mg/ml of C. fistula methanolic leaves extract against E. mitis and E. tenella respectively. Highest radical scavenging capacity 67.82±0.00 and reducing power 2.17±0.01 was shown by F. racemosa and C. fistula methanolic leaves extract respectively. Maximum total antioxidant power was observed in C. fistula 30.95±0.35 and F. racemosa 21.93±1.41µg/mg methanolic leaves extracts. Antioxidant compounds including phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, carbohydrates etc. were detected through biochemical screening of selected plants extracts. The maximum amount of phenols 32.50±0.00µg/ml and flavonoids 40.00±1.00µg/ml were recorded in C. fistula methanolic extracts. It is concluded that selected plants methanolic extracts possess best anticoccidial and antioxidant activities due to presence of medicinally important phytochemicals. Further research is needed for identification and isolation of anticoccidial active compounds from these plants that can be used in the formulation of drugs against coccidiosis
The Effect of Exogenous Melatonin on Milk Somatic Cell Count in Buffalo
Authors: Feng Lin
Published: March 2021

High somatic cell counts (SCCs) in milk significantly influence the quality of milk and give rise to substantial economic loss. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of extreme heat and cold compared to other season and melatonin (MLT) on milk SCCs in Chinese crossbred (Nili-Ravi×Murrah) buffaloes. We collected the 1948 milk SCCs data records from 2012 to 2017 to explore the effect of different month in China on milk SCCs. Meanwhile, twenty buffaloes with relatively high milk SCCs were employed and randomly divided into two groups (T1 and T2, n=10 each group) to evaluate the effect of MLT treatment on milk SCCs, blood antioxidant activities and immune levels of buffaloes during summer in China. Results showed that the milk SCCs in high temperature seasons (July and August) and low temperature seasons (December, January and February) were significantly higher compared with other months (P<0.05). In summer, MLT treatment significantly reduced milk SCCs and increased the IgM and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in plasma on day 1 after MLT treatment, and then both IgM and SOD levels were decreased significantly. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that environmental temperature stress (heat and cold) caused the higher milk SCCs and MLT treatment improved the quality of milk by reducing SCCs suggesting that MLT could improve immune activity in buffaloes
Genotypic and Sub-genotypic Diversity of Avian Paramyxoviruses 2, 4 and 6
Authors: Ul-Rahman Aziz
Published: March 2021

Avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs) are contagious viruses infecting multiple avian species around the globe. Subsequent to evolution, the emergence of new strains is considered to cause outbreaks worldwide. Using standard classification criteria, genotypic and sub-genotypic distribution of strains within APMV-1 is much elucidated across the globe. Nevertheless, despite a growing number of genome sequencing data for APMVs excluding those that are prototypes, there is an absolute paucity of an updated unified phylogenetic classification scheme for APMV-2, 4, and 6. Utilizing a well-recognized genetic marker (complete fusion gene), genotyping and sub-genotyping of under-studied of APMVs strains was proposed by the implementation of different reliable tools and criteria. The analysis categorized the strains of each APMV-2 and 6 into two distinct genotypes (I and II), whereas APMV-4 strains categorized into three genotypes (I, II, and III). Additionally, a total of four sub-genotypes within APMV-6 (I.1, I.2, II.1, and II.2) and five sub-genotypes (I.1, I.2, II.1, II.2, and II.3) within APMV-4 were also proposed in the current study. Though it may require a revision and update in the future with the abundance of genome sequences and subsequent analysis from wide geography, herein the outcomes are relevant to better elucidate the classification and molecular epidemiology of study-included APMVs to depict an evolution and epidemiological link among outbreaks caused by field circulatory strains.
Aspects of Corporate Governance in Developing Countries
Authors: BAGRAM MUHAMMAD MAJID MAHMOOD , BANGASH AKBAR ABBAS , KIRAN ZARA
Published: March 2021

This research article throws light on the impacts of Corporate Governance in the developing countries particularly to Pakistan, Mexico, Brazil and Bangladesh. The paper starts with discussions on how and when there is an alteration in different features of company administration during the practice of financial advancing in Mexico. It encompasses ultimately the impact of transforms in the replica of business control regarding the expansion of the state e.g. enlargement in purchaser commodities in favour of central group buyers, growth revelation through home firms, fewer help in favour of community public schemes etc. The authors of this research article assert that problems of governance in Bangladesh are at the helm of affairs of its economy. We observed the data regarding governance of Bangladesh of period 1996-2004 and analysed these various governance dimensions out of the aforesaid economic progress analysis the key dimensions have been divulged. These are political governance, institution dimensions and technology dimensions. The political governance in Bangladesh has been paralysed from 1998 to 2004. When the performance of governance in Bangladesh become functional it had positively affected the economy. We cannot say the importance of company authority within growing kingdoms. The commercial domination might include a slightly different system than prevalent in the European countries and North America due to insufficient infrastructure and destroy governmental policy interventionism. We also throw light on important features of Brazilian firm’s changes after the application for communal power exercises. After making a deliberation on the implementation of joint supremacy in Brazil, Mexico, and Bangladesh and subsequently we have emphasized the impact of Corporate Governance and proper growth in Pakistan. The relationship between good governance and proper growth is proportional generally. Having studied different scenarios of the countries under remonstration, the writers have reached the conclusion that good governance is an essential component for upgrading the economies of developing countries because of these reasons it may be said that high-quality control leads towards a country obtain sky-scraping and frequent monetary increase through establishment of congenial environment for savings and investment, entrepreneurship, yielding implement upon manufacturers, generating constancy among marketplace, expansion in souks though elimination of hurdles/barriers towards inner job and progress over the competitors. Keywords: Business Control, Economic Development and Proper Growth.
Investigating Personality Traits as the Antecedents of Workplace Bullying
Authors: MUNIR MUHAMMAD , ALI MAJID , HAIDER SYED KARIM
Published: March 2021

There is an ample body of knowledge showing significant association between five factor model (FFM) of personality traits and workplace bullying, yet exploring cause-and-effect relationship between them is still under addressed. To address this issue, current study has analyzed personality traits of Five-Factor Model as a potential antecedent of workplace bullying and its three sub-facets (verbal bullying, social bullying and physical bullying). Study analyzed responses of 266 respondents to draw inferences. Simple random sampling technique was used to collect data from the respondents. Correlation analysis showed a positive association of extraversion with physical bullying; negative association of agreeableness with workplace bullying, verbal bullying, social bullying and physical bullying; negative association of conscientiousness with workplace bullying, verbal bullying, social bullying and physical bullying; and negative association of emotional stability with physical bullying. Results of regression analysis showed significant effect of agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness to experiences on workplace bullying, verbal bullying, social bullying and physical bullying. Current study has identified personality as an important predictor of workplace bullying through which organizations may control incidence of bullying at their workplace environments. Current study also has highlighted important insights for future research directions. Keywords: Five Factor Model (FFM), Personality Traits, Workplace Bullying, Physical Bullying, Verbal Bullying, Social Bullying.
https://irmbrjournal.com/archives3.php?vol=10&iss=1&yea=2021
Authors: ABBAS ZAHEER , FATIMA ANNES , QUTOSHI SADRUDDIN BAHADUR
Published: March 2021

Women as leaders have been facing challenges in workplace as well as at homes. However, the focus of this research is to explore the challenges which women face in different leadership and managerial positions in public and private organizations in Gilgit-Baltistan. Employing qualitative research method, data was collected from eight (8) females who were in leadership and management positions in different public and private organizations in the context of Gilgit-Baltistan. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect the data. The analysis of the data showed that women mostly face challenges regarding their job related duties due to household responsibilities, stereotypes of the masses about their abilities to manage public administration and the lack of equal opportunities for promotions and rewards as compared to their male counterparts in the organizations. It is recommended that both public and private organizations should develop women friendly policies to provide equal opportunities so as to facilitate them in their job responsibilities. Keywords: Leadership, Management, Challenges, Organizations, Stereotypes, Feminist Lens.