bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mosquito Species Abundance, Distribution and Diversity in Ughelli North Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Onodua E , Odo PE , Egwunyenga AO
Published: July 2020

This research was carried out to record mosquito species abundance, distribution, diversity and breeding sites in four villages of Ughelli North Local Government Area of Delta State. Potential habitats of mosquitoes were sampled using dippers, hand-lens and plastic containers between June and November 2014. A total number of 274 sites were examined and only 146 were positive for mosquito larvae. The habitats sampled include domestic containers 107(39.05%), puddles 59(21.53%), tyres 47(17.15%) and drains 61(22.26%). The variation in the number of larvae collected from the various habitats were not significant (P=0.1203, F=2.705 and df= 3). One thousand six hundred and fifty-three (1.653) mosquito larvae were collected and reared to adults. Seven hundred and twelve (712) of the larvae emerged as adults that were separated into three genera: Anopheles, Aedes and culex and identified up to species level. Culex quinquefasciatus was found to be the most abundant (29.35%) in the study area, followed by Aedes aegypti (25.70%). C. nebulosus was the least abundant species with 2.95 %. Domestic containers were the most preferred breeding habitats for all the mosquito species and the variation in the species of mosquito with respect to types of habitat showed significant association in Ofuoma (P=0.0167, F=4.322,df=3) and Adjekota (P=0.0252, F=3.852, df=3). There was significant difference in the occurrence of mosquito species in the month of September (p value 0.0085) compared to June (p value 0.0518), July (p value 0.2370), August (p value 0.1920), October (p value 0.0534) and November (p value 0.0241. Variations existed in the physico-chemical parameters in the different sources of collections in different locations. Temperature ranged from 20.0 to 24.60C while pH (hydrogen ion concentration) range was 6.9 – 7.7 and Dissolved oxygen (D.O) ranged between 1.4 and 2.7(mg/L) as Conductivity ranged between 67.9 and 82.1(μs) and turbidity varied from 62.0NTU in the container samples to 84.2NTU in the gutter samples and depth varied between 6.3 and 68.3(cm) across the different locations but depth ranged from 6.3cm to 68.3cm and temperature was (22.8±2.6), Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and mean was used to determine the significant differences (p<0.05) in habitats and species distribution while Shannon Wiener and Simpson indices were used to determine species diversity and abundance. There is need for concerted efforts in mosquito control in Ughelli North to mitigate the incidence of mosquito transmitted diseases.
Effect of ripening on the Chemical Composition of Green locally Cultivated Banana Cultivars (Musa Spp.) Peel
Authors: Ayo JA , Ochefu A , Agbatutu A
Published: July 2020

The study investigated the Effect of ripening on the proximate, minerals, vitamins and photochemical composition of green locally cultivated banana cultivars peels. The matured unripe green banana fruits were collected from Ussa, Ussa LGA, Taraba State, Nigeria. The proximate, minerals, vitamins and photochemical composition of banana cultivars peels were determined using standard methods. The moisture, protein and carbohydrate content of the peel of unripe green banana decreased from 8.64 to 8.43, 5.47 to 5.23 and 73.04 to 72.42%, respectively, while the ash, fats and fibre content increased from 4.55 to 5.23, 5.35 to 5.57 and 2.96 to 3.13%, respectively, on ripening. The vitamin C, vitamin E, starch and lignin content of the peel of the green cultivar decreased from 0.08 to 0.11, 106.83 to 95.03, 1.07 to 0.97 and 5.84 to 5.55mg/100g, respectively, while the sugar increased from 0.95 to 1.09mg/100g on ripening. The green cultivar peel flour showed a significant decrease, p=0.05, in calcium(0.65 to 0.58mg/100g), potassium(4.63 to 4.36mg/100g), iron(0.28 to 0.23mg/100g) and zinc(0.4 to 0.3mg/100g), respectively, with relative increase in the phosphorous(0.35 to 0.37mg/100g) content on ripening. Ripening decreased the phenol (0.73 to 0.64mg/g), flavonoid (1.70 to 1.41mg/g), carotinod (5.05 to 3.35mg/g) and sterol (0.18 to 0.16mg/g) content of the green cultivar peel flour. The study has shown that ripening has generally improved the vitamins and the sugar content of the ripe banana peels.
Assessment of levels of Heavy Metal Contents in Foods Sold to public in Benin City, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Enuneku AA , Bamawo RE
Published: July 2020

Heavy metals contents (Zn, Cd, Fe and Pb) were analyzed in canned foods frequently consumed in Benin City. Samples were collected from major supermarkets. These samples were categorized into 3 distinctive groups of 3 varying brands with triplicates each of fish, beans and vegetables (Peas, Carrots and Green Beans). The metals were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in the values of Cu and Fe and a highly significant difference (p < 0.001) in Cd in the different brands of canned fish samples. Iron Fe, was found to be prevalent in all classes of food tested with values as high as 20.57±1.14 mg/l in Peas (Del Monte). Concentrations of Fe in body tissues must be highly monitored because in excessive amounts, it can lead to tissue damage. Similarly, for all brands of canned foods examined, Cd had the lowest mean concentration (0.01 ± 0.00) mg/kg in all brands of canned fish. A regular monitoring of canned foods available to the public is recommended to safeguard public health especially when recommended levels are exceeded.
Abbatoir Survey of Intestinal Parasites among Sheep in Katsina State, Nigeria
Authors: Agba AA , Aguh IB , Uweh PO
Published: July 2020

Faecal samples collected from seven hundred sheep brought for slaughter in some abattoirs in six Local Government Areas of Katsina State were examined for presence of intestinal parasites. The samples were examined for eggs of parasites using direct smear and formol-ether concentration technique. The overall prevalence was 236(33.7%). The cestode identified was Moniezia sp. 16(2.3%). The coccidian oocyts had a prevalence of 8.6%. The nematodes identified were Strongyle sp. 116(16.6%) and Trichuris sp. 17(2.4%), while the only trematode identified was Fasciola sp. 17(2.4%). Factors such as sex, age and breed of the sheep were found not to significantly influence the prevalence of infection (P>0.05). The results of the study showed that season was a factor which can significantly influenced the prevalence of infection among sheep in the study area (P<0.05). The study identified high prevalence of intestinal parasites among sheep slaughtered in the six abattoirs. Therefore, strategic control approach by using effective broad spectrum chemotherapeutics especially at the beginning of rainy season to reduce the burden of infection is recommended.
Optimised degradation correction for SCIAMACHY satellite solar measurements from 330 to 1600 nm by using the internal white light source
Authors: Hilbig Tina , Bramstedt Klaus , Weber Mark , Burrows John P. , Krijger Matthijs
Published: July 2020

Abstract. SCIAMACHY (SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY) on-board the European Environmental Satellite (Envisat)
provided spectrally resolved measurements in the wavelength range from 0.24 to 2.4 µm by looking into the Earth's atmosphere using different viewing geometries (limb, nadir, solar, and lunar occultation). These observations were
used to derive a multitude of parameters, in particular atmospheric trace gas amounts. In addition to radiance measurements solar spectral irradiances (SSIs) were measured on a daily basis.
The instrument was operating for nearly a decade, from August 2002 to April 2012. Due to the harsh space environment, it suffered from continuous optical degradation. As part of recent radiometric calibration activities
an optical (physical) model was introduced that describes the behaviour of the scanner unit of SCIAMACHY with time (Krijger et al., 2014).
This model approach accounts for optical degradation by assuming contamination layers on optical surfaces in the scanner unit. The variation in layer thicknesses of the various optical components is determined from the combination of solar measurements from different monitoring light paths available for SCIAMACHY.
In this paper, we present an optimisation of this degradation correction approach,
which in particular improves the solar spectral data.
An essential part of the modification is the use of measurements from SCIAMACHY's internal white light source (WLS) in combination with direct solar measurements.
The WLS, as an independent light source, therefore, gives an opportunity to better separate instrument variations and natural solar variability.
However, the WLS emission depends on its burning time and changes with time as well.
To use these measurements in the optimised degradation correction, the change in the WLS emission in space needs to be characterised first. The changes in the WLS with accumulated burning time
are in good agreement with detailed laboratory lamp studies by Sperling et al. (1996).
Although the optimised degradation-corrected SCIAMACHY SSIs still show some instrumental issues when compared to SSI measurements from other instruments and model reconstructions,
our study demonstrates the potential for the use of an internal WLS for degradation monitoring.
Thermal dissociation cavity ring-down spectrometer (TD-CRDS) for detection of organic nitrates in gas and particle phase
Authors: Keehan Natalie I. , Brownwood Bellamy , Marsavin Andrey , Day Douglas A. , Fry Juliane L.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. A thermal dissociation – cavity ring-down spectrometer (TD-CRDS) was built to measure NO2, peroxy nitrates (PNs), alkyl nitrates (ANs), and HNO3 in the gas and particle phase. The detection limit of the TD-CRDS is 0.66 ppb for ANs, PNs, and HNO3 and 0.48 ppb for NO2. For all four classes of NOy, the time resolution for separate gas and particle measurements is 8 minutes and for total gas + particle measurements is 3 minutes. The accuracy of the TD-CRDS was tested by comparison of NO2 measurements with a chemiluminescent NOx monitor, and aerosol-phase ANs with an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS). N2O5 causes significant interference in the PNs and ANs channel under high oxidant concentration chamber conditions, and ozone pyrolysis causes a negative interference in the HNO3 channel. Both interferences can be quantified and corrected for, but must be considered when using TD techniques for measurements of organic nitrates. This instrument has been successfully deployed for chamber measurements at widely varying concentrations, as well as ambient measurements of NOy.
Central Europe, 1531–1540 CE: The driest summer decade of the past five centuries?
Authors: Brázdil Rudolf , Dobrovolný Petr , Bauch Martin , Camenisch Chantal , Kiss Andrea , Kotyza Oldřich , Oliński Piotr , Řezníčková Ladislava
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Based on three drought indices (SPI, SPEI, Z-index) reconstructed from the documentary evidence and instrumental records, the summers of 1531–1540 were identified as the driest summer decade during the 1501–2015 period in the Czech Lands. Based on documentary data, extended from the Czech scale to central Europe, dry patterns of various intensities (represented, for example, by dry spells, low numbers of precipitation days, very low rivers and drying-out of water sources) occurred in 1532, 1534–1536, 1538 and particularly 1540, broken by wetter or normal patterns in 1531, 1533, 1537 and 1539. Information relevant to summer droughts extracted from documentary data in central Europe were confirmed in summer precipitation totals from a multi-proxy reconstruction for Europe by Pauling et al. (2006) and further by self-calibrated summer PDSI reconstruction from tree-ring widths in OWDA by Cook et al. (2015). The summer patterns described are consistent with the distribution of sea-level pressure deviations from a modern reference period. Summer droughts were responsible for numerous negative impacts, such as bad harvests of certain crops, reduction and lack of water sources, and frequent forest fires, while in the wetter summers central Europe was affected by floods. However, there are no indications of severe impacts of multi-country or multi-year effect. Reconstructions based on documentary data indicate that the summers of 1531–1540 constitute the driest summer decade in central Europe for the past five centuries, between 1501 and 2010 CE.
Agricultural management effects on mean and extreme temperature
trends
Authors: Gormley-Gallagher Aine M. , Sterl Sebastian , Hirsch Annette L. , Seneviratne Sonia I. , Davin Edouard L. , Thiery Wim
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Regression-based trend analysis is applied to observations and present-day ensemble simulations with the Community Earth System Model to assess if climate models overestimate warming trends because theoretical constant levels of irrigation and conservation agriculture (CA) are excluded. At the regional scale, an irrigation- and CA-induced acceleration of the annual mean near-surface air temperature (T2m) warming trends and the annual maximum daytime temperature (TXx) warming trends were evident. Estimation of the impact of irrigation and CA on the spatial average of the warming trends indicated that irrigation and CA have a pulse cooling effect on T2m and TXx, after which the warming trends increase at a greater rate than the control simulations. This differed at the local (subgrid) scale under irrigation where surface temperature cooling and the dampening of warming trends were both evident. As the local surface warming trends, in contrast to regional trends, do not account for atmospheric (water vapour) feedbacks, their dampening confirms the importance of atmospheric feedbacks (water vapour forcing) in explaining the enhanced regional trends. At the land surface, the positive radiative forcing signal is too weak to offset the local cooling from the irrigation-induced increase in the evaporative fraction. Our results underline that agricultural management has complex and nonnegligible impacts on the local climate and highlights the need to account for land management in climate projections.
Short communication: Multiscalar drag decomposition in fluvial
systems using a transform-roughness correlation (TRC) approach
Authors: Adams David L. , Zampiron Andrea
Published: July 2020

Abstract. In natural open-channel flows over complex surfaces, a wide range of superimposed roughness elements may contribute to flow resistance. Gravel-bed rivers present a particularly interesting example of this kind of multiscalar flow resistance problem, as both individual grains and bedforms can potentially be important roughness elements. In this paper, we propose a novel method of estimating the relative contribution of different physical scales of river bed topography to the total drag, using a transform-roughness correlation (TRC) approach. The technique, which requires only a single longitudinal profile, consists of (1) a wavelet transform which decomposes the surface into roughness elements occurring at different wavelengths, and (2) a `roughness correlation' that estimates the drag associated with each wavelength based on its geometry alone, expressed as ks. We apply the TRC approach to original and published laboratory experiments and show that the multiscalar drag decomposition yields estimates of grain- and form-drag that are consistent with estimates in channels with similar morphologies. Also, we demonstrate that the roughness correlation may be used to estimate total flow resistance via a conventional equation, suggesting that it could replace representative roughness values such as median grain size or the standard deviation of elevations. An improved understanding of how various scales contribute to total flow resistance may lead to advances in hydraulics as well as channel morphodynamics.
Comment on: A review of the complementary principle of evaporation: From the original linear relationship to generalized nonlinear functions by S. Han and F. Tian
Authors: Crago Richard D. , Szilagyi Jozsef , Qualls Russell
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The paper by Han and Tian reviews the history of developments in the complementary relationship (CR) between actual and potential evaporation and introduces the generalized complementary principle (GCP) developed by the authors. This comment assesses whether the GCP: 1) Can give reasonable results from a wide range of surfaces worldwide; 2) is supported by experimental data that verify the three-stages of evaporation implicit in the GCP, particularly in the wet-surface limit; 3) has been proven to be correct by the authors in a previous paper; and 4) is supported by model studies showing that wet surfaces occur predominantly during periods of large-scale moisture convergence. The assessment finds that arguments in favor of the GCP deserve to be taken seriously, but ultimately remain unconvincing.
An Exploration of Quality of Life among Ontario Postsecondary Students Living with the Chronic Illness Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
Authors: Giroux Catherine M. , Carter Lorraine , Corkett Julie
Published: July 2020

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) is a connective tissue disorder that results in negative health events. It also holds potential for periodic or permanent disability and psychosocial stress. While a diagnosis of EDS can occur at any age, the psychosocial effects of an EDS diagnosis can be especially challenging when symptoms present during postsecondary education. This qualitative study examined the psychosocial effects of EDS on the quality of life of Ontario postsecondary students (n=11). After a brief online eligibility survey, one-to-one semi-structured interviews were conducted. Thematic analysis of interview data revealed that emotional factors such as anxiety and depression, faculty and peer attitudes including issues of judgment and stigmatization, and feelings of frustration affect the quality of life of postsecondary students living with EDS.
World’s Greatest Challenges: Building Interdisciplinary Understanding and Collaboration among Business and Social Work Students
Authors: Pearl Catherine ML , Oliver Brent
Published: July 2020

Socially engaged students cross all disciplines. Today’s complex and rapidly changing environment poses new challenges for practitioners, students, and educators working within and alongside post-secondary institutions. This research explores how business and social work students interpret and perceive the world’s greatest challenges. Eighty-four students participated in the mixed methods study wherein a workshop was delivered to two social innovation and two social work classes. The workshops provided a forum for students to explore their perspectives on the world’s greatest challenges individually and as part of a group. Differences and similarities are reported regarding student perspectives of the world in which they live. The results reinforce a change in student mindset requiring significant shifts in the development and delivery of social impact curriculum and pedagogy related to creating shared value, social innovation, and changemaking.
The Changing Landscape of Graduate Teaching Certificate Programs in Canada
Authors: Verkoeyen Stephanie , Allard Erin
Published: July 2020

In a 2014 paper, Kenny, Watson, and Watton analyzed 13 Canadian universities offering graduate teaching certificate programs. This research used the Kenny et al. (2014) framework to provide an update, addressing the following research questions. First, has there since been an increase in the number of graduate teaching certificate programs at Canadian universities? Second, how do the common features of these programs compare to those identified by Kenny et al. (2014)? Third, how responsive are programs to recent trends in graduate teaching development? Key features within program administration, outcomes, structure, assessment, and recognition were examined, as were some current trends in post-secondary teaching. Program-related information was collected from the institutional websites of Canadian universities and verified by program key contacts. Since 2014, there has been a considerable increase in the number of graduate teaching certificate programs, both within and across institutions (from 13 programs at 13 institutions in 2014 to 36 programs at 25 institutions in 2019). This may be impacting how programs are structured and assessed. On the one hand, there appears to be movement towards reducing barriers to access programming, yet this growth may coincide with less resource-intensive program components and assessments. The responsiveness of programming to recent trends in program administration, programming content, and recognition varied.
Body image dissatisfaction and distortion among food service workers
Authors: Nazaret Alessandra dos Santos , Pereira Priscila Moreira de Lima , Souza Ariele Edna Cristina , Vieira Patricia Aparecida Fontes
Published: July 2020

Background: People manifest a growing concern with their bodies due to health-related or esthetic reasons which contributes to increase their body dissatisfaction and distortion. Objective: To analyze weight gain, body image dissatisfaction and distortion among employees of a university restaurant in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study in which we analyzed the participants’ body weight, height and body mass index. Body image dissatisfaction and distortion were investigated with a figure scale. We administered a questionnaire to investigate weight gain and changes in dietary habits since starting in the job. Sample characteristics and factors related to body image dissatisfaction are described as frequencies and were compared by means of the χ2 test with software SPPS version 17.0. Results: We analyzed 46 employees (82.61% female) 63% of whom gained weight since starting in the job, 3.4 kg on average. Women reported having acquired poorer dietary habits. About 68.4% of the women and 75% of the men exhibited overweight. All the women (100%) and 50% of the men reported body image dissatisfaction and 76.3 and 50% respectively a desire to lose weight. We found a high prevalence of body image distortion, of 94.7% for the women and 100% for the men. Conclusion: Weight gain, changes in dietary habits, body image distortion and dissatisfaction point to the need for dietary and nutritional educational programs which promote healthy eating habits and changes in behavior relating to diet and body image.
EDUCAÇÃO E JUSTIÇA RESTAURATIVA: OS CÍRCULOS DE CONSTRUÇÃO E CULTURA DE PAZ EM TURMAS DE ACELERAÇÃO DE ESTUDOS
Authors: De Castro Pitano Sandro , Martins Corrêa Adilson
Published: July 2020

Este trabalho apresenta a experiência dos Círculos de Construção de Paz realizados junto a escolas no município de Caxias do Sul-RS, Brasil, durante o período letivo de 2019. Foram realizados 45 círculos com 11 turmas, envolvendo a participação de 177 estudantes. Após a realização dos círculos foi solicitado um feedback das turmas a respeito de suas participações nos mesmos, sendo atendido por alunos de 05 escolas, somando 50 devoluções. Foram selecionadas e analisadas 20 respostas e os participantes identificados por meio de siglas, adotando a letra P e o número respectivo. As respostas foram reunidas e distribuídas em 04 blocos cada, cuja análise criteriosa possibilitou que as considerações finais sintetizassem o significado dos Círculos de Construção de Paz para os estudantes, conforme o seu entendimento.
The Association Between the Knowledge of Oral Hygiene of Mothers Who Chewing Betel Leaves and Their Oral Condition in Lingkungan II Lau Cih, Medan Tuntungan
Authors: Manurung Nelly Katharina , Ria Ngena , Simaremare Susy Adrianelly
Published: July 2020

The habit of chewing betel leaves are the habit of chewing betel leaves with other additives ingredients for adding the pleasure of taste. Chewing betel leaves becomes daily habit for people, especially mothers who believe it can strengthen their teeth. This research employed an analytical survey with cross sectional design, aiming to find out the relationship between the knowledge of oral hygiene of mothers who chewing betel leaves and their oral condition. This research found that there is no relationship between the knowledge of mothers who chewing betel leaves on oral hygiene and their oral condition. However, there is association between the duration of chewing betel leaves and oral hygiene (p = 0.002) as well as caries experience (p = 0,011). Mothers who chewing betel leaves have poor oral hygiene and high caries experience.
Una exposición invisible:"Publicitarios entre el arte y el diseño". Segunda Parte: descripción y balance
Authors: González Solas Javier
Published: July 2020

El artículo plantea la paradójica situación de una exposición cuyo fracaso puede consistir en que no se vea lo que se pretende por interposición de una forma de mirar estandarizada que hace invisible la lectura propuesta. El problema puede no ser exclusivo de un sector como el diseño, sino pandémico. Se intenta explicar por su dependencia de la estetización de la sociedad, propia de la situación llamada postmoderna, en la que la omisión del sentido histórico pervierte de manera ideológica el lenguaje, incluso, o sobre todo, el de la visión. La percepción original se ha transformado en visión estética, según la ideología de la una sociedad del ocio y de la emoción, que ha impuesto su hegemonía. La visión estética del mundo convierte en simulacro y espectáculo (estéticos) toda propuesta de lectura razonada.
Internet for the debate from the notions of rationality and liberty of Amartya Sen and Michel Foucault
Authors: Carvajal Muñoz M. Rosario
Published: July 2020

Internet has a great importance to organize our social and private lives. From this context, the text reflects on what margins the Internet leaves to exercise our rationality and freedom, considering fundamental rights of citizens, and based on the best principles of the ideal of the democratic model. It is based on what should be an ideal type of technology at the service of democratic values, which would be to use the Internet as a common good for citizens. In this sense, this text contains some interpretations of what would be a common space on the Internet; It would aim to strengthen a democracy circumscribed by the most basic principles of this political model. To make this analysis, the notions of rationality and freedom of Amartya Sen and Michel Foucault are used, from which one works to contrast two functions of democracy, one is more deliberative, is in line with the idea of the common good of Ostrom (2000), a democracy by discussion following Amartya Sen. The other is a democratic model with oligarchic touches, in a neoliberal economic context, more in a line of rationality linked to power relations, following Foucault. Freedom is important for both of them, based on the participation and critical behavior of the individual.
Serviço Computacional para Interpolação de Dados Espaciais
Authors: Antonio Wellington , Bezerra Diego , Da Silva Júnior José , De Medeiros Victor , Gonçalves Glauco
Published: July 2020

A interpolação espacial (IE) permite modelar a superfície de uma variável espacialmente distribuída a partir de um conjunto finito de dados, sendo importante para diversas áreas de atuação. Devido à demanda cada vez maior pelo seu uso, este trabalho propõe um serviço web de interpolação espacial (SWIE) escalável e versátil. Resultados de seu desempenho também são apresentados e discutidos nesse trabalho. Os principais beneficiários do serviço web incluem pesquisadores e desenvolvedores de software que utilizarão o serviço na composição de ferramentas de software que necessitem da IE.
Influence of shear flexibility in structural shear walls on pushover analysis
Authors: Arruda Mário Rui Tiago , Lopes Bruno , Ferreira Mário , Zingaila Tadas
Published: July 2020

The aim of this work is to show the main differences which exist, taking in to account the influence of the type of finite element used, when performing pushover analysis of reinforced concrete structures. The non-linear analysis was performed using FE software SAP2000, and the results were extracted from models including Frame and Shell elements, respectively. Several reinforced concrete structures were modelled with Frame elements and Shell elements, which will be further presented. Therefore, it was possible to validate the results obtained from the analysis, also to identify certain restrictions according to the type of finite element used in the modelling of the resistant walls. In the first phase, three isolated structural walls were modelled with distinct geometries. The first one presents a rectangular shape, the second – “L” shape and the third one “U” shape. The application of pushover analysis through the different examples presented in this document, intends to validate the results obtained for the Shell elements. Subsequently, the same kind of analysis was performed on a building. These examples intend to show that the performance of ductility is strongly dependent from the type of element, which is not taken into account in the pushover analysis nowadays. N2 method was applied to all examples, in order to understand the differences in the structures seismic design, according to the type of element used in the modelling. The results are compared, and the differences are identified. As well as, the limitations of applicability of Shell elements in the modelling of structural walls were determined.
Design and Optimization of a Diffuser for a Horizontal Axis Hydrokinetic Turbine using Computational Fluid Dynamics based Surrogate Modelling
Authors: Sherbaz Salma
Published: July 2020

Fossil fuels have remained at the backbone of the global energy portfolio. With the growth in the number of factories, population, and urbanization; the burden on fossil fuels has also been increasing. Most importantly, fossil fuels have been causing damage to the global climate since industrialization. The stated issues can only be resolved by shifting to environment friendly alternate energy options. The horizontal axis hydrokinetic turbine is considered as a viable option for renewable energy production. The aim of this project is the design and optimization of a diffuser for horizontal axis hydrokinetic turbine using computational fluid dynamics based surrogate modeling. The two-dimensional flat plate airfoil is used as a benchmark and flow around the airfoil is simulated using Ansys Fluent.  Later, computational fluid dynamics analyses are carried out for baseline diffuser generated from the flat plate airfoil. The performance of this diffuser was optimized by achieving an optimum curved profile at the internal surface of the diffuser. The response surface methodology is used as a tool for optimization. A maximum velocity augmentation of 31.70%  is achieved with the optimum diffuser.
Rod End Stress Analysis for Hydraulic Cylinder of Live Floor Conveying System
Authors: Narvydas Evaldas , Dundulis Romualdas , Puodžiūnienė Nomeda
Published: July 2020

Rod end failures are rare but still happening in the rod eyes of hydraulic cylinders. Stress analysis at the location of failure is very important for design improvement and identification the causes of failure. Performed finite element stress analysis shoved a preference of equivalent stress located at 1 mm distance from the weld toe comparing to the maximal stresses calculated at the root of 1 mm radius artificial fillet. Mounting of the hydraulic cylinder that creates a possible misalignment between the resultant reaction force and the rod, will create a stress increase in the external ring of the rod eye at the location of the reported failure.
Die Institutionalisierung des Nichtinstitutionellen
Authors: Hartwig Ruben
Published: July 2020

The volume examines the relation between law, reason, and discourse in Robert Alexy’s legal philosophy. The examination follows Alexy’s own description of his greater project. In his “Theorie der juristischen Argumentation” [Theory of Legal Argumentation] of 1978, Alexy speaks of the Kantian idea of designing a “Code of Practical Reason”. Today, Alexy is prepared to rest his entire case on the idea of an “Institutionalization of Reason”.

The work undertakes the reconstruction of the concept of practical reason underlying this idea. To this end, it examines both the roots that go back to Kant’s practical philosophy, as well as the system represented by Alexys’s legal philosophy, which has grown over a period of more than 40 years. At its center is the thesis of the necessity of a realization of reason through rational practical discourse in law – in short, Alexy’s attempt to institutionalize the non-institutional.
Spatial Analysis of Geographic Distribution and Accessibility of Suspected Acute Stroke Patients Transferred to Acute Stroke Centers by Emergency Medical Services in Tehran, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kolivand Pir-Hossein , Faraji Sabokbar Hassanali , Saberian Peyman , Bahmanabadi Mahdi , Hasani-Sharamin Parisa , Baratloo Alireza
Published: July 2020

Objectives: We intended to map the geographical distribution of patients with acute stroke who called the Tehran EMS center based on the geographic information of the incident location on a map. The distributions of these centers and patients’ access within a standard period were evaluated. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on the registered data was conducted on suspected acute stroke patients > 18 years of age that were transferred by EMS. The analysis was performed based on pointing the patients’ locations and locating the hospitals in ArcGIS software plus a review of the polygons and focal points. Results: Totally, 1,606 patients suspected to stroke with a mean age of 64.89 ± 17.48 years were evaluated, of whom 947 (58.6%) were male. The mean time of arrival of an ambulance in the patient’s location from the EMS station was 11.94 ± 6.67 minutes, and the longest time was 69.32 minutes. The mean time from the patient’s location to the stroke center was 17.79 ± 11.42 minutes (range 2.4 - 83.70 minutes). Stroke centers in Tehran are not distributed in a balanced manner, and they are concentrated on the central and northern parts of Tehran, limiting access to hospital services. Conclusions: The multiplicity of hospitals in the west and center of Tehran led to an increase in access times in eastern Tehran. It emphasizes the necessity of revision of service locating, especially because the east of Tehran has a denser texture than the west.
A New Model for Epidemic Spreading with a Focus on COVID-19
Authors: Jamshidi Babak , Rezaei Mansour , Rezaei Khansa
Published: July 2020

Background: It is extremely useful to construct mathematical models to forecast and control real phenomena. One of the common applied statistical models to represent the data involving with time is the time series modeling. A novel time series model to represent the propagation of an epidemic infection in a population is presented. The model deals with addressing the cumulative number of confirmed cases. Methods: Our model is the generalization of statistical exponential growth models and can describe different stages of the outbreak of a communicable disease. Applying the mentioned procedure leads to models CVJR1 (3.2, 1.44, 3, 13) for modeling the sequence of COVID-19 from January 13 to March 5. All computations and 200 simulations were done in MatLab 8.6. Results: For comparing candidates through fitting the dataset for six pairs of (l^ and a^), we used the minimum criterion square of residuals. We present the average and 90% upper and lower bounds of the predictions made by our models for three periods. Applying the mentioned procedure led to having models with parameters (3.2, 1.44, 3, 13) for modeling the course of COVID-19 from January 13 to March 5. Conclusions: The presented model can cover the epidemic behaviors related to social networks. Our model can be adjusted to worldwide modeling for modeling a phenomenon spreading in different populations simultaneously.
Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Aqueous and Methanolic Extracts and Essential Oils of Red Beets Beta vulgaris Leaves
Authors: Ahmadi Shokouh , Soleimanian-Zad Sabihe , Zaeim Davood
Published: July 2020

: The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial properties of aqueous and methanolic extracts, as well as essential oils of red beet leaves. The leaves were purchased from local farms in Isfahan province, Iran. After drying the leaves, their extracts were obtained by water and methanol as solvent, and also essential oils of the leaves were extracted through the hydro-distillation method. Antibacterial activity of the extracts and essential oils was determined against five foodborne bacteria by disc-diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration method. Moreover, the antifungal activity of the samples was examined by the contact phase method against five fungi species. The aqueous extract of red beet leaves did not show any antimicrobial activity against the studied species, whereas the methanolic extract inhibited the growth of four strains of the bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis. Essential oil had an inhibitory effect against B. cereus, S. enteritidis, and S. aureus. Furthermore, the aqueous and methanolic extracts and essential oils had a variable degree of antifungal activity against all tested fungi. However, the methanolic extract and essential oils had a stronger antifungal effect than the aqueous extract.
Cuestiones sobre legitimación en el proceso constitucional de amparo
Authors: Almagro Nosete José
Published: July 2020

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Crónica parlamentaria
Authors: Gonzalo Manuel , García-Atance María Victora
Published: July 2020

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Estatutos de Unión de Centro Democrático
Authors: - -
Published: July 2020

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Referéndums en Italia
Authors: Sánchez González Santiago
Published: July 2020

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El pensamiento jurídico-político de Karl Marx (I)
Authors: Sánchez González Santiago
Published: July 2020

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La acción popular ante el Tribunal de Garantías Constitucionales: valoración crítica
Authors: Almagro Nosete José
Published: July 2020

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Tres cartas inéditas sobre la propuesta de un frente electoral
Authors: Juliá Santos
Published: July 2020

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Las elecciones al Parlamento gallego
Authors: Mellado Prado Pilar
Published: July 2020

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Repertorio bibliográfico sobre aspectos jurídico-políticos e institucionales de la Segunda República española
Authors: Román Paloma , Vanaclocha Francisco J
Published: July 2020

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Jurisprudencia constitucional
Authors: Derecho Administrativo de la UNED Departamento de
Published: July 2020

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El pensamiento jurídico-político de Marx (II)
Authors: Sánchez González Santiago
Published: July 2020

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Jurisprudencia constitucional
Authors: U.N.E.D Departamento de Derecho Administrativo
Published: July 2020

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El grupo parlamentario de Acción Democrática
Authors: Linde Paniagua Enrique
Published: July 2020

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Congreso constituyente del Partido de Acción Democrática
Authors: Mellado Prado Pilar
Published: July 2020

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Perspectiva sumaria comparada de dos restauraciones españolas : las de 1875 y 1975
Authors: Cuadrado Miguel M
Published: July 2020

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Sobre la personalidad jurídica de las Cortes Generales : una aproximación a los problemas de las organizaciones estatales no administrativas
Authors: Santamaría Pastor Juan Alfonso
Published: July 2020

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Los grupos parlamentarios
Authors: Torres del Moral Antonio
Published: July 2020

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Elecciones presidenciales en Portugal
Authors: Ollero Butler Fernando
Published: July 2020

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Sentencias y autos del Tribunal Supremo y resoluciones de la Dirección General de los Registros en que se citan, estudian o aplican preceptos constitucionales (junio-diciembre 1980)
Authors: Linde Paniagua Enrique
Published: July 2020

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Hinged multiperforator-based extended dorsalis pedis adipofascial flap for dorsal foot defects
Authors: Abd Al Moktader Magdy A.
Published: July 2020

Background Adipofascial flaps covered with a skin graft address the challenges involved in reconstructing dorsal foot defects. The purpose of this study was to describe a large adipofascial flap based on the perforators of the dorsalis pedis artery for large foot defects.

Methods Twelve patients aged 5–18 years with large soft tissue defects of the dorsal foot due to trauma were treated with an extended dorsalis pedis adipofascial flap from May 2016 to December 2018. The flap was elevated from the non-injured half of the dorsum of the foot. Its length was increased by fascial extension from the medial or lateral foot fascia to the plantar fascia to cover the defect. All perforators of the dorsalis pedis artery were preserved to increase flap viability. The dorsalis pedis artery and its branches were kept intact.

Results The right foot was affected in 10 patients, and the left foot in two patients. All flaps survived, providing an adequate contour and durable coverage with a thin flap. Follow-up lasted up to 2 years, and patients were satisfied with the results. They were able to wear shoes. Donor-site morbidity was negligible. Two cases each of partial skin graft loss and superficial necrosis at the tip of the donor cutaneous flap occurred and were healed by a dressing.

Conclusions The hinged multiperforator-based extended dorsalis pedis adipofascial flap described herein is a suitable method for reconstructing dorsal foot defects, as it provides optimal functional and aesthetic outcomes with minimal donor site morbidity.
Hyaluronidase: An overview of its properties, applications, and side effects
Authors: Jung Hyunwook
Published: July 2020

Hyaluronidase, an enzyme that breaks down hyaluronic acid, has long been used to increase the absorption of drugs into tissue and to reduce tissue damage in cases of extravasation of a drug. With the increasing popularity of hyaluronic acid filler, hyaluronidase has become an essential drug for the correction of complications and unsatisfactory results after filler injection. For this reason, when performing procedures using hyaluronic acid filler, a sufficient knowledge of hyaluronidase is required. In order for hyaluronidase to dissolve a hyaluronic acid filler, it must interact with its binding sites within the hyaluronic acid. The reaction of a filler to hyaluronidase depends on the hyaluronic acid concentration, the number of crosslinks, and the form of the filler. Hyaluronidase is rapidly degraded and deactivated in the body. Therefore, in order to dissolve a hyaluronic acid filler, a sufficient amount of hyaluronidase must be injected close to the filler. If the filler is placed subcutaneously, injection of hyaluronidase into the filler itself may help, but if the filler is placed within a blood vessel, it is sufficient to inject hyaluronidase in the vicinity of the vessel, instead of into the filler itself. Allergic reactions are a common side effect of hyaluronidase. Most allergic reactions to hyaluronidase are local, but systemic reactions may occur in infrequent cases. Since most allergic responses to hyaluronidase are immediate hypersensitivity reactions, skin tests are recommended before use. However, some patients experience delayed allergic reactions, which skin tests may not predict.
1er Café de bioéthique « Le citoyen et ses objets connectés : qu’advient-il de ses données? »
Authors: Boudreau LeBlanc Antoine , Masella Marie-Alexia
Published: July 2020

Ce compte-rendu résume les échanges tenus lors du 1er Café de bioéthique de 2019, qui a porté sur le thème : « Le citoyen et ses objets connectés : qu’advient-il de ses données? » Trois experts panélistes et un public de 70 personnes ont participé à cette rencontre. La discussion a notamment précisé les avantages que peuvent avoir les objets connectés, tels qu’une autonomisation et une responsabilisation des individus, mais a aussi mis en lumière certains risques comme une hypernormativité ou encore la question d’obtention d’un consentement valide. Des pistes de solution et de réglementation ont été proposées par le public et les experts. Cette rencontre s’inscrit dans une série de trois Cafés de bioéthique tenue à Montréal et à Québec sur le sujet de l’éthique, de la santé et des données.
The Ethics of Screening and Treating Persons with Hepatitis C: A Canadian Perspective
Authors: Apau Bediako Ramseyer
Published: July 2020

In this article, I argue that the Canadian government’s position against screening for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and publicly funding HCV treatment is ethically unjustifiable. Cost of medication and likelihood of widening existing health inequality are the government’s argument for not funding HCV treatment and for also not having a screening program. I object to this position and argue in favour of a screening program and public funding of HCV treatment. I argue that these barriers are ethically unjust. Conclusively, being denied screening and early treatment is to be denied the best possible outcome.
La stérilisation volontaire chez les femmes sans enfant de moins 30 ans : dilemme éthique et déontologique
Authors: Masella Marie-Alexia , Marceau Emmanuelle
Published: July 2020

Avec les modifications sociales des dernières décennies, particulièrement avec l’avènement de l’avortement, de la contraception et de la libéralisation du marché du travail, les femmes ont pu trouver leur place hors de leur rôle de mère et se construire en tant qu’individu propre, non résumé à un rôle reproductif. Ainsi, pour bien des raisons que nous allons présenter, certaines femmes désirent et font le choix de rester sans enfant, elles sont, dans ce cas, appeléeschildfree(c’est-à-dire, sans enfant par choix). C’est notamment le cas de jeunes femmes de moins 30 ans qui, par peur notamment d’une grossesse non désirée, vont s’orienter vers la ligature tubaire plutôt que vers des méthodes dites non définitives. Cependant, nos sociétés occidentales sont encore assez pronatalistes, et cette décision de mettre un terme à leur capacité reproductive choque et interpelle. Le personnel soignant, et plus précisément les médecins, confronté à ces demandes de stérilisations les rejette souvent lorsqu’elles sont faites par des femmes sans enfants de moins 30 ans, en s’appuyant sur plusieurs justifications que nous allons expliciter, dont la peur d’apparition de regrets chez celle-ci. Il ressort de cette situation une confrontation entre le principe d’autonomie de la personne qui s’exprime par le respect de sa décision d’agent autonome d’une part et, d’autre part, la déontologie du médecin, encore parfois teintée d’un certain paternalisme. Nous allons donc analyser ce dilemme éthique et tenter d’apporter quelques pistes de recommandations pour une prise en charge plus adaptée de ces situations, grâce notamment à l’approche de l’éthique narrative et du partenariat relationnel, aussi appelé leMontreal Model.
L’éducation au vivre ensemble en Suisse : analyse des plans d’études et enjeux de formation
Authors: Durisch Gauthier Nicole
Published: July 2020

Cet article propose un inventaire des usages de l’expression « vivre(-)ensemble » et de son correspondant allemandZusammenleben à partir des versions modèles des deux principaux plans d’études en Suisse. Il dresse une cartographie du vivre ensemble en identifiant les parties des plans d’études dans lesquelles cette notion est mobilisée et les disciplines, objectifs et contenus auxquels elle est associée. Il propose en outre une analyse des enjeux et projets liés au vivre-ensemble d’une part pour en dégager les lignes principales et d’autre part pour en saisir des traductions locales. Enfin, l’article propose, à partir des résultats de notre recherche, une analyse de trois défis liés à l’éducation au vivre ensemble en contexte scolaire et de formation des enseignants.