bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inventive traditionalism vs. considering tradition: The changing character of the city of Ankara
Authors: Acar Aktan
Published: February 2016

There are different forms of Traditionalism. The most common form is the one that promotes the “idea of having a tradition” itself as a discursive practice. The modus operandi of this form is the reproduction of the “images” considered as having symbolic meanings. Despite the consensus over their “symbolic communication”, those images are deprived of their content that has been accumulated and articulated as a “tradition”. The replacement of the accumulated knowledge, experience and consequently content with the “image” seems to initiate new traditions. It is possible to claim that it is a process of inventing those new traditions by means of “made-up” images of symbolic meanings.Architect has a definitive position in this process. The profession proposes a dangerous mixture of being a technician lost its authority and identity within the over exhausting construction market, which multitudes the same building image, without content, on one side, and on the other, of having the ultimate responsibility of inventing and reproducing that “made-up images of traditionalism”.This study investigates the invention and reproduction of that made-up traditions through the transformation of urban morphology and texture of the city of Ankara with respect to the changing political and social atmosphere in Turkey.Keywords: tradition, traditionalism, Ankara, city, politics
Financial Crisis and Europe: An eventual post-scenario analysis
Authors: Susan Mike
Published: February 2016

It is a typical abstain of political strategists that you ought not release a decent emergency to squander. Seven years on from the beginnings of the worldwide money related emergency, we can make an evaluation of whether that saying was taken after. The reaction in Europe was generally one of expanded government obtaining, counterbalance by bundles of expense rises and spending cuts. The methodologies in France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom have been in a few ways comparative, however essential contrasts in a critical position of assessments and cuts, in the zones focused on and in the sorts of family units influenced have permitted us to make some unmistakable inferences about the effect of the Great Recession.
Big data processing using Open Source Software- A Questionnaire on the data science
Authors: McCullum Andrew
Published: February 2016

In 2015, Central Asia made some vital enhancements in nature for cross-fringe e-business: Kazakhstan's promotion to the World Trade Organization (WTO) will help business straightforwardness, while the Kyrgyz Republic's enrollment in the Eurasian Customs Union grows its buyer base. Why e-business? Two reasons to begin with, e-trade diminishes the expense of separation. Focal Asia is the most elevated exchange cost locale on the planet: unlimited separations from real markets make discovering purchasers testing, shipping merchandise moderate, and fare costs high. Second, e-business can pull in populaces that are customarily under-spoke to in fare markets, for example, ladies, little organizations and rustic business visionaries.
CT100+ Bias Weld Fatigue Life Estimations - Are Adjustments Required?
Authors: Padron Tomas , Aitken Bill
Published: February 2016

"Pure" fatigue failures (i.e. not started by corrosion or mechanical damage) are not common in coiled tubing strings because of the implementation of systems/models to manage the fatigue life. However, in recent years, a series of "pure" fatigue failures occurred on bias welds of high-strength (CT100+) strings. These strings are normally operated at high pressures (≈ 7,000 psi), and their bias welds were subjected to high levels of strain (1.7% to 2.2%). The objective of this paper is to show the approach used to establish the adjustments needed to the fatigue life model to account for these types of failures.

The work presented in this paper includes a brief characterization of the failures, summary of the fatigue data from the field, lab testing (at low and high strain) and the resulting analysis of the data. Prior to analyzing the data it was thought that some sort of acceleration of bias weld fatigue, relative to pipe fatigue, as a function of strain would be required.

Results of the study confirmed that, for CT100+ coiled tubing strings, the fatigue life of the bias welds, relative to pipe fatigue, was affected by the level of strain. At high level of strain (around 2.1%) the bias weld fatigue life was around 60% of that measured for the pipe base material. At low level of strain (around 1.4%) the bias weld fatigue performance was close to that of the pipe base material. Therefore, model adjustments were required in order to de-rate the fatigue life based on the level of strain at which each bias weld is subjected.

Coiled tubing interventions that use CT100+ strings, 2-in and larger outside diameter [OD], that are spooled on small reels (core reel diameters in the order of 80 to 84 in.) are becoming common within industry. These interventions impose high strain on the bias welds. An effective way to control and manage the fatigue life for these bias welds is needed to avoid unexpected failures that impact well intervention costs, job safety, and customer satisfaction.
Field Performance of New Coiled Tubing Manufacturing Technology and Comparisons With Laboratory Performance
Authors: Rolovic Radovan , Nguyen Thu-Ha , Grimaldo Carmen , Reichert Bruce
Published: February 2016

New coiled tubing manufacturing technology comprising new coiled tubing materials and new manufacturing processes was developed and commercialized recently. The new technology uses new steel chemistries and new heat treatment processes for full microstructure transformation to produce improved and uniform microstructure and properties along the entire coiled tubing string, including bias and seam welds. Coiled tubing strings based on the new technology showed major coiled tubing performance improvements in laboratory and test-well testing. This paper evaluates performance of the new coiled tubing technology in real-life field operations to determine effects of field usage on behavior and properties of the new coiled tubing materials. Additional laboratory testing and evaluation following the field use provide insight into the remaining life of coiled tubing strings, effects of field use on material properties and behavior, and relationship between laboratory testing and actual field use.

Coiled tubing produced by the new manufacturing technology has been put through extensive field use in various field operations and environments. Field usage data and results have been collected during commercial operations with coiled tubing made of the new 125-ksi grade material. At the end of field use the coiled tubing was retrieved for laboratory testing and evaluation. Residual and total fatigue life, mechanical properties, ballooning, and effects of operational environments were evaluated along the coiled tubing string and related to bending cycling, pressure, and environmental exposure. The new 125-ksi grade coiled tubing field operations and subsequent laboratory testing and evaluations confirmed major coiled tubing performance improvements previously observed in laboratory and test-well testing. Usable coiled tubing string life, including the life of bias welds, was more than twice the life of a comparable conventional 110-ksi grade coiled tubing string.
A Vibratory Tool Study on Extended Reach Horizontals During Coiled Tubing Drillout in the Eagle Ford Shale
Authors: McIntosh T. , Baros K. J. , Gervais J. G. , Schultz R. , Whitworth J.
Published: February 2016

As the Oil and Gas Industry continues to evolve, operators are pushing the limit to lengthen their reach in the reservoir to contact more payzone. Correspondingly, challenges for traditional downhole operations are steadily increasing. One of the more significant challenges is coiled tubing's ability to reach target depth. This has flooded the industry with a number of vibratory tools which would enable the traditional practices of coiled tubing to continue.

A study of vibratory tools was conducted on five wells in the Eagle Ford field. The purpose of the vibratory tool study was to gain a better understanding of top competing tools and how they compared. A total of five different wells were drilled out. Four of the five wells were drilled out using different vibratory tools while one of the wells was drilled out without any vibratory tool. While the wellbore geometries varied slightly, general characteristics remained consistent.

The four tools chosen for the trial were identified as top competing tools in the industry for the Eagle Ford area. Three of the tools used exerted an axial force on the coiled tubing while the fourth tool exerted a radial / lateral force. The trial well with no tool used friction reducer in place of the vibratory tool. Coiled tubing was only successful at reaching bottom on three out of the five trial wells.

While results are inconclusive as to what "the best" tool is; they certainly can provide contrast between each tool. Certain variables such as the wellbore geometry, inconsistencies in chemical usage and fluid condition differed from well to well and may have played a role in a tool's performance. Despite these differences, the tool that performed considerably well has a fluidic design and operates with no moving parts.
Optimizing Bridge Plug Milling Efficiency Utilizing Weight-On-Bit to Control Debris Size: A Comparative Study of the Debris Size vs Weight-On-Bit Utilizing Five Bladed Carbide Mill, Tri-Cone and PDC Bits
Authors: Yeung John , Fraser Ted , Thiessen Kevin , Medvedev Oleg
Published: February 2016

Weight-on-bit can be challenging to calculate at surface as downhole motor performance is generally observed from differential pressure and rate of penetration (ROP). If an accurate weight-on-bit (WOB) is maintained, motor performance and ROP can be maximized while controlling debris size. This will increase the efficiency of the entire millout operation. The weight-on-bit can be monitored and manipulated live via new software (Yeung, J. et al. 2015).

The objective of this research paper is to conduct a comparative study that analyzes the performance of the five bladed carbide mill, tri-cone and PDC bits in terms of debris size vs weight-on-bit. Two main criteria will be used for the analysis. Firstly, a test will be carried out in order to determine how the set down force affects the drilling tool in terms of generating smaller debris size. This knowledge intends to improve wellbore clean outs and reduce the number of wiper trips. Secondly, the test will analyze how set down force of the drilling tool affects the ROP on the bridge plug. One specific type of 4-1/2″ bridge plug with a combination of selected mills and bits will be studied in this paper to control the experiment. However, the overall milling parameters may vary greatly depending on the manufacturers, plug, mill, and bit types.

A series of bridge plugs will be milled out in a controlled environment using the five bladed carbide mill and tri-cone and PDC bits. Each bridge plug will be milled out using a different weight-on-bit. After the bridge plug is milled out, all the plug debris is collected, and sorted based on a debris size distribution graph. The ROP will also be measured during the milling process to determine milling efficiency.

In summary, this paper will compare the performance executed by the five bladed carbide mill, tri-cone, and PDC bits. This paper will identify the optimal weight-on-bit to achieve the desired quantitative debris size with these plugs. More studies need to be conducted for different plug types to see how weight-on-bit affects debris size.
Discharge sensitivity to snowmelt parameterization: a case study for Upper Beas basin in Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Hegdahl Trine J. , Tallaksen Lena M. , Engeland Kolbjørn , Burkhart John F. , Xu Chong-Yu
Published: February 2016

Snow- and glacier melt are important contributors to river discharge in high-elevated areas of the Himalayan region. Thus, it is important that the key processes controlling snow and glacier accumulation and melting, are well represented in hydrological models. In this study, the sensitivity of modelled discharge to different snowmelt parameterizations was evaluated. A distributed hydrological model that operated on a 1 × 1 km2 grid at a daily time resolution was applied to a high-elevated mountainous basin, the Upper Beas basin in Indian Himalaya, including several sub-basins with a varying degree of glacier covered areas. The snowmelt was calculated using (i) a temperature-index method, (ii) an enhanced temperature-index method including a shortwave radiation term, and (iii) an energy balance method. All model configurations showed similar performance at daily, seasonal, and annual timescales and a lower performance for the validation period than for the calibration period; a main reason being the failure to capture the observed negative trend in annual discharge in the validation period. The results suggest that model performance is more sensitive to the precipitation input, i.e. interpolation method than to the choice of snowmelt routine. The paper highlights the challenges related to the lack of high quality data sets in mountainous regions, which are those areas globally with most water resources.
Adaptation of the agricultural sector to the effects of climate change in arid regions: competitive advantage date palm cropping patterns under water scarcity conditions
Authors: Alabdulkader Ahmed M. , Al-Amoud Ahmed I. , Awad Fawzi S.
Published: February 2016

This research paper highlights the adverse effects of climate change on the agricultural sector in Saudi Arabia and the actions taken to adapt to these adverse effects. Special focus was given to the potential to optimise the reallocation of scarce water resources among the competitive advantage date palm cropping regions in Saudi Arabia using a mathematical sector modelling approach. The results showed great potential for Saudi Arabia to adapt to the adverse effects of climate change by optimising the date palm cropping pattern in accordance with its scarce water resources and limited cultivated lands. The optimised scenario would result in a high net annual return, equivalent to about 881.76 million US$ year−1, and an increase on the water use return from about 0.97 US$ cm−1 in the base year to approximately 1.31 US$ cm−1. The optimised scenario would also provide the opportunity to reduce the allocated date palm cropping area by approximately 4% (from approximately 118,250 hectares to approximately 113,446 hectares) and to reduce the water demand by approximately 1% (from 681.06 million cubic metres (MCM) per year to approximately 674.28 MCM per year).
The effects of glycerol and guar-xanthan mixture on mechanical and barrier properties of starch based edible films - chemometric analysis
Authors: Suput Danijela , Lazic Vera , Pezo Lato , Popovic Senka , Hromis Nevena , Bulut Sandra
Published: February 2016

The aim of this work was to evaluate the simultaneous effect of glycerol
(30%, 40%, 50%) and guar-xanthan gum addition (0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%) effect on
starch based edible film mechanical and barrier properties. According to
Response Surface Methodology, the most influential parameter in the second
order polynomial models calculation was the percentage of glycerol, while the
linear term of guar-xanthan content was important only for second order
polynomial model calculation for tensile strength and water vapor
permeability. According to Principal Component Analysis, samples grouping
along the first component are primarily due to the content of glycerol, which
is also confirmed by ANOVA analysis. According Cluster Analysis, two separate
clusters are observed on the dendrogram, which includes the right (with the
increased value of tensile strength) and the left cluster (with the increased
value of elongation break and water vapor permeability). The observed
distance the two clusters is considerable (approx. 80).
Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Insulin Metabolism: The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS)
Authors: Lee C. Christine , Watkins Steve M. , Lorenzo Carlos , Wagenknecht Lynne E. , Il’yasova Dora , Chen Yii-Der I. , Haffner Steven M. , Hanley Anthony J.
Published: February 2016

OBJECTIVE

Recent studies using untargeted metabolomics approaches have suggested that plasma branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are associated with incident diabetes. However, little is known about the role of plasma BCAAs in metabolic abnormalities underlying diabetes and whether these relationships are consistent across ethnic populations at high risk for diabetes. We investigated the associations of BCAAs with insulin sensitivity (SI), acute insulin response (AIR), and metabolic clearance of insulin (MCRI) in a multiethnic cohort.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In 685 participants without diabetes of the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) (290 Caucasians, 165 African Americans, and 230 Hispanics), we measured plasma BCAAs (sum of valine, leucine, and isoleucine) by mass spectrometry and SI, AIR, and MCRI by frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests.

RESULTS

Elevated plasma BCAAs were inversely associated with SI and MCRI and positively associated with fasting insulin in regression models adjusted for potential confounders (β = −0.0012 [95% CI −0.0018, −0.00059], P < 0.001 for SI; β = −0.0013 [95% CI −0.0018, −0.00082], P < 0.001 for MCRI; and β = 0.0015 [95% CI 0.0008, 0.0023], P < 0.001 for fasting insulin). The association of BCAA with SI was significantly modified by ethnicity, with the association only being significant in Caucasians and Hispanics. Elevated plasma BCAAs were associated with incident diabetes in Caucasians and Hispanics (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio per 1-SD increase in plasma BCAAs: 1.67 [95% CI 1.21, 2.29], P = 0.002) but not in African Americans. Plasma BCAAs were not associated with SI-adjusted AIR.

CONCLUSIONS

Plasma BCAAs are associated with incident diabetes and underlying metabolic abnormalities, although the associations were generally stronger in Caucasians and Hispanics.
Assessment of surface water quality using hierarchical cluster analysis
Authors: Dabgerwal Dheeraj Kumar , Tripathi Shailendra Kumar
Published: February 2016

This study was carried out to assess the physicochemical quality river Varuna inVaranasi,India. Water samples were collected from 10 sites during January-June 2015. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the direction and strength of relationship between physicochemical parameters. Hierarchical Cluster analysis was also performed to determine the sources of pollution in the river Varuna. The result showed quite high value of DO, Nitrate, BOD, COD and Total Alkalinity, above the BIS permissible limit. The results of correlation analysis identified key water parameters as pH, electrical conductivity, total alkalinity and nitrate, which influence the concentration of other water parameters. Cluster analysis identified three major clusters of sampling sites out of total 10 sites, according to the similarity in water quality. This study illustrated the usefulness of correlation and cluster analysis for getting better information about the river water quality.International Journal of Environment Vol. 5 (1) 2016,  pp: 32-44
Effect of Cynomorium flavonoids on mouse model of perimenopausal depression
Authors: Miao Mingsan , Wang Tan , Li Yan , Li Min , Guo Lin , Zhang Ying
Published: February 2016

The effect of Cynomorium flavonoids on mice model of perimenopausal depression was studied. Ovariectomized female mice (n=70) were randomly divided into 7 groups evenly and treated with different concentrations (5-400 mg/mL, of cynomorium flavonoids, gengnian'an capsule and soy isoflavones soft capsule. The model related groups were applied with different stress for consecutive 18 days. Behavior tests were performed on the 27th, 28th, and 29th days of administration. The concentrations of estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in serum as well as the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) in brain homogenates were determined after the last administration. It was found that cynomorium flavonoids have significant effects on the mice with perimenopausal depression.
Contact Angle Effects on Pore and Corner Arc Menisci in Polygonal Capillary Tubes Studied with the Pseudopotential Multiphase Lattice Boltzmann Model
Authors: Son Soyoun , Chen Li , Kang Qinjun , Derome Dominique , Carmeliet Jan
Published: February 2016

In porous media, pore geometry and wettability are determinant factors for capillary flow in drainage or imbibition. Pores are often considered as cylindrical tubes in analytical or computational studies. Such simplification prevents the capture of phenomena occurring in pore corners. Considering the corners of pores is crucial to realistically study capillary flow and to accurately estimate liquid distribution, degree of saturation and dynamic liquid behavior in pores and in porous media. In this study, capillary flow in polygonal tubes is studied with the Shan-Chen pseudopotential multiphase lattice Boltzmann model (LBM). The LB model is first validated through a contact angle test and a capillary intrusion test. Then capillary rise in square and triangular tubes is simulated and the pore meniscus height is investigated as a function of contact angle θ. Also, the occurrence of fluid in the tube corners, referred to as corner arc menisci, is studied in terms of curvature versus degree of saturation. In polygonal capillary tubes, the number of sides leads to a critical contact angle θc which is known as a key parameter for the existence of the two configurations. LBM succeeds in simulating the formation of a pore meniscus at θ > θc or the occurrence of corner arc menisci at θ < θc. The curvature of corner arc menisci is known to decrease with increasing saturation and decreasing contact angle as described by the Mayer and Stoewe-Princen (MS-P) theory. We obtain simulation results that are in good qualitative and quantitative agreement with the analytical solutions in terms of height of pore meniscus versus contact angle and curvature of corner arc menisci versus saturation degree. LBM is a suitable and promising tool for a better understanding of the complicated phenomena of multiphase flow in porous media.
Cluster Analysis of Physical and Cognitive Ageing Patterns in Older People from Shanghai
Authors: Bandelow Stephan , Xu Xin , Xiao Shifu , Hogervorst Eef
Published: February 2016

This study investigated the relationship between education, cognitive and physical function in older age, and their respective impacts on activities of daily living (ADL). Data on 148 older participants from a community-based sample recruited in Shanghai, China, included the following measures: age, education, ADL, grip strength, balance, gait speed, global cognition and verbal memory. The majority of participants in the present cohort were cognitively and physically healthy and reported no problems with ADL. Twenty-eight percent of participants needed help with ADL, with the majority of this group being over 80 years of age. Significant predictors of reductions in functional independence included age, balance, global cognitive function (MMSE) and the gait measures. Cluster analysis revealed a protective effect of education on cognitive function that did not appear to extend to physical function. Consistency of such phenotypes of ageing clusters in other cohort studies may provide helpful models for dementia and frailty prevention measures.
Assessment of Burden of Malaria in Gwanda District, Zimbabwe, Using the Disability Adjusted Life Years
Authors: Gunda Resign , Chimbari Moses , Mukaratirwa Samson
Published: February 2016

Malaria is one of the highest contributors to morbidity and mortality in Zimbabwe. However, there is paucity of knowledge regarding disability adjusted life years (DALYs) as a measure of burden of malaria in affected communities. The DALYs metric was used to assess the burden of malaria in Gwanda District with the aim of contributing to a better understanding of the impact of disease on affected communities. Data was collected from health facility malaria registers and the District Health Information System (DHIS) to estimate DALYs at household and district levels respectively. The household DALYs included 130 malaria cases from 2013 to 2015 while the DALYs for the district included 719 confirmed malaria cases from 2011 to 2015. Households lost a total of 153.89 DALYs with the majority of the disease burden (65.55%) occurring in the most economically productive age group (15–45 years) with a mean loss of 1.18 DALYs per malaria case. At district level, 251.09 DALYs were lost due to malaria and the calculated average district DALY rate for 2011–2015 was 36.29 DALYs/100,000 persons per year. It is important to estimate malaria burden to assist policy makers in making informed decisions when channelling resources for control and prevention of the disease.
Exploring the Role of Different Neonatal Nutrition Regimens during the First Week of Life by Urinary GC-MS Metabolomics
Authors: Dessì Angelica , Murgia Antonio , Agostino Rocco , Pattumelli Maria , Schirru Andrea , Scano Paola , Fanos Vassilios , Caboni Pierluigi
Published: February 2016

In this study, a gas-chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics study was applied to examine urine metabolite profiles of different classes of neonates under different nutrition regimens. The study population included 35 neonates, exclusively either breastfed or formula milk fed, in a seven-day timeframe. Urine samples were collected from intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), large for gestational age (LGA), and appropriate gestational age (AGA) neonates. At birth, IUGR and LGA neonates showed similarities in their urine metabolite profiles that differed from AGA. When neonates started milk feeding, their metabolite excretion profile was strongly characterized by the different diet regimens. After three days of formula milk nutrition, urine had higher levels of glucose, galactose, glycine and myo-inositol, while up-regulated aconitic acid, aminomalonic acid and adipic acid were found in breast milk fed neonates. At seven days, neonates fed with formula milk shared higher levels of pseudouridine with IUGR and LGA at birth. Breastfed neonates shared up-regulated pyroglutamic acid, citric acid, and homoserine, with AGA at birth. The role of most important metabolites is herein discussed.
RETRACTED: Porosity Defect Remodeling and Tensile Analysis of Cast Steel
Authors: Sun Linfeng , Liao Ridong , Lu Wei , Fu Sibo
Published: February 2016

Tensile properties on ASTM A216 WCB cast steel with centerline porosity defect were studied with radiographic mapping and finite element remodeling technique. Non-linear elastic and plastic behaviors dependent on porosity were mathematically described by relevant equation sets. According to the ASTM E8 tensile test standard, matrix and defect specimens were machined into two categories by two types of height. After applying radiographic inspection, defect morphologies were mapped to the mid-sections of the finite element models and the porosity fraction fields had been generated with interpolation method. ABAQUS input parameters were confirmed by trial simulations to the matrix specimen and comparison with experimental outcomes. Fine agreements of the result curves between simulations and experiments could be observed, and predicted positions of the tensile fracture were found to be in accordance with the tests. Chord modulus was used to obtain the equivalent elastic stiffness because of the non-linear features. The results showed that elongation was the most influenced term to the defect cast steel, compared with elastic stiffness and yield stress. Additional visual explanations on the tensile fracture caused by void propagation were also given by the result contours at different mechanical stages, including distributions of Mises stress and plastic strain.
Economic Valuation of Mining Heritage from a Recreational Approach: Application to the Case of El Soplao Cave in Spain (Geosite UR004)
Authors: Pérez-Álvarez Rubén , Torres-Ortega Saúl , Díaz-Simal Pedro , Husillos-Rodríguez Raúl , De Luis-Ruiz Julio
Published: February 2016

Heritage tourism can increase incomes and stimulate the economy in former mining areas. Recreational tourism is one of the main sources of value of heritage. People from urban areas are willing to pay for access to these tourism options. The measurement of the economic impact of this availability is one of the main problems to confront, due to the immeasurable possibilities of heritage resources. The use of non-market values and their estimation by means of revealed preference methods should help to assess the economic value of this sort of resources from a recreational perspective. The travel cost method (TCM) is widely used to value areas with recreational uses, such as lakes, beaches or forests, but there are not references to previous applications of this methodology in the field of mining heritage. In this work, TCM has been applied to obtain the economic value of El Soplao Cave (Geosite UR004, Cantabria, Spain) as a recreational site, providing an estimated result of 34,961,162 euros.
Construction Waste Management Profiles, Practices, and Performance: A Cross-Jurisdictional Analysis in Four Countries
Authors: Tam Vivian , Lu Weisheng
Published: February 2016

Construction waste management (CWM) has received worldwide attention for some time. As a result, a plethora of research, investigating a wide array of CWM issues such as their profiles, practices, and performance, has been reported in individual economies around the globe. However, a cross-jurisdictional comparison of these issues is limitedly presented in the literature despite its importance to benchmarking performance and identifying best CWM practices in the context of globalization whereby knowledge sharing has already transcended traditional country boundaries. The aim of this ex post facto research is to compare CWM profiles, practices, and performance in Australia, Europe (Europe refers to EU-27 member countries in the European Union, including Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Denmark, Great Britain, Ireland, Portugal, Spain, Greece, Austria, Finland, Sweden, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Malta, Cyprus, Bulgaria, and Romania.), Hong Kong, and the United Kingdom at a national-level, with a view to facilitating CWM knowledge sharing internationally. It does so by triangulating empirical data collected from various national statistical yearbooks with research papers and professional reports on CWM in these economies. It is found that in producing one million (US) dollars’ work, construction contributes a volume of solid waste ranging from 28 to 121 tons among countries. Conscientious CWM practices can make a significant difference in reducing, reusing, or recycling construction waste, as evident in the large variation in the CWM performance. While it might be oversimplified to conclude that the best practices in one country can be applied in another, the research provides insightful references into sharing CWM knowledge across boundaries.
Why Companies Do Not Renew Their EMAS Registration? An Exploratory Research
Authors: Preziosi Michele , Merli Roberto , D’Amico Mara
Published: February 2016

The Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) is the official Environmental Management System (EMS) issued by the European Union (EU). Italy is the country where EMAS is most widespread, accounting for over 1000 registered organizations. Since entry into the force of the Regulation in 1997, the number of registrations has constantly grown until 2008, when the figures started to drop. The phenomena are due to both the decrease of the annual registration rate and the lack of renewals. According to the Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), in recent years, an increasing number of organizations decided to withdraw from EMAS registration. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the reasons of this negative trend. The first step consisted of a literature review concerning the main barriers, difficulties, and costs incurred by EMAS-registered organizations. Subsequently, this information was integrated with data about the evolution of EMAS registrations and the results of a previous survey, which involved the entire population of registered firms. The present exploratory research highlighted economic and operational domains concerning the cancellation trends that deserve a deeper investigation, which will be conducted through a questionnaire addressed to Italian firms that did not renew the registration in the last lustrum. The intended output will allow us to identify stakeholders’ priority intervention areas in order to suggest an operative strategy to reduce EMAS cancellation rates, addressed to Member States (MS) Competent Bodies.
Insight into the Mode of Action of Haedoxan A from Phryma leptostachya
Authors: Hu Zhaonong , Du Yuzhe , Xiao Xinmin , Dong Ke , Wu Wenjun
Published: February 2016

Haedoxan A (HA) is a major active ingredient in the herbaceous perennial plant lopseed (Phryma leptostachya L.), which is used as a natural insecticide against insect pests in East Asia. Here, we report that HA delayed the decay rate of evoked excitatory junctional potentials (EJPs) and increased the frequency of miniature EJPs (mEJPs) on the Drosophila neuromuscular junction. HA also caused a significant hyperpolarizing shift of the voltage dependence of fast inactivation of insect sodium channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Our results suggest that HA acts on both axonal conduction and synaptic transmission, which can serve as a basis for elucidating the mode of action of HA for further designing and developing new effective insecticides.
Cover, recover et uncover : les motifs de la reprise dans la série Treme
Authors: Marquis Peter
Published: February 2016

Quoique Treme, le nouveau projet de Simon et Overmyer pour HBO, n’ait pas encore été diffusée dans son intégralité, un motif récurrent apparaît, celui de la reprise. Il y a bien sûr la rénovation de La Nouvelle-Orléans après le passage de l’ouragan Katrina et de l’inondation qui lui fit suite, mais aussi la reconstruction de la culture locale, et celle des personnages. D’une manière ou d’une autre, ceux-ci sont tous engagés dans un processus de reconstruction, après des destructions de l’intime, du matériel, ou de l’immatériel. Cet article questionne la manière dont la série travaille le motif de la reprise, entendue comme répétition altérée d’un existant, aussi bien dans la vie des personnages que dans sa poétique même. Sur les onze épisodes de la saison 2, trois avatars de la reprise apparaissent : la reprise musicale (cover), la reprise métaphorique (recover) et la reprise critique (uncover). Ces trois motifs s’enchevêtrent pour donner à la série une tonalité idiosyncratique, mélange de lenteur, de compassion et d’indignation, une « note Treme » qui trouve son origine dans le recours généralisé à la figure de la reprise. En mettant la reprise au cœur de sa facture autant au niveau de la diégèse que de la métadiégèse, Treme ne cesse d’interroger les rapports complexes entre le pouvoir, la culture et la résilience des gens de peu.
Skins, de la série britannique à la série américaine : la reprise de la figure du jeune musulman
Authors: Cabaret Florence
Published: February 2016

Souvent décrite comme un divertissement sulfureux parce qu’elle est en partie consacrée aux frasques et soirées mouvementées d’adolescents au lycée, la série britannique Skins de Jamie Brittain et Bryan Elsley (E4, 2007-2013) se trouve aussi très ancrée sociologiquement dans la ville contemporaine de Bristol et dans les mœurs qui caractérisent ses personnages. Si la série propose donc une représentation des modes de vie de certains jeunes au Royaume-Uni dans la première décennie du xxie siècle, elle interroge aussi le choix des individus qui composent le groupe d’amis par les créateurs de ce programme de fiction télévisée. Ainsi, dans un groupe majoritairement blanc issu de la classe moyenne, on trouve également une jeune fille d’ascendance afro-caribéenne et un jeune homme d’ascendance indo-pakistanaise. Tous deux incarnent visiblement les deux communautés issues de l’immigration de la deuxième moitié du xxe siècle au Royaume-Uni, dont l’une est l’objet d’une attention et d’une surveillance plus spécifique depuis les attentats du 11 septembre 2001 à New York et du 7 juillet 2005 à Londres. C’est pourquoi j’ai choisi de m’intéresser plus particulièrement au personnage d’Anwar Kharral, pour interroger la manière dont la Saison 1 met en scène son appartenance religieuse en la confrontant à ce qui semble être des questions morales et intimes plus que des questions explicitement politiques. La reprise/transposition de cette figure britannique de jeune musulman dans la version américaine de la Saison 1 (MTV, 2011) permet de montrer que d’autres choix de caractérisation du personnage d’Abbud Siddiki ont été retenus par le même Bryan Elsley, qui tendent à minimiser les vertus de l’appartenance à une famille musulmane mises en avant à la fin de la saison 1 de la série britannique pour, au contraire, tirer le personnage vers une figure de bouc émissaire facile, ce que la série américaine met en scène avec un humour assez grinçant.
Echoes of the “War on Terror” and Post 9-11 Culture in Battlestar Galactica (Syfy Channel, 2003-2009)
Authors: Spalding Andréolle Donna
Published: February 2016

Ronald D. Moore’s “remade” version of Battlestar Galatica marks a return to a resolutely militaristic form of science fiction which can perhaps be best understood if one is to reflect on how the series resonates in the context of “post 9-11” America. While some of the echoes of American culture are obvious to the viewer, such as the “federation” of colonies (twelve plus the missing thirteenth colony of Earth), other elements of the story arc can be perceived as indirect references to the War on Terror and/or the actual attacks of September 11th 2001. One such visual is in the opening credit scene of all four seasons: the moment when Six protects Baltar from the nuclear explosion on Caprica, with the blast arriving horizontally through a pane-glassed façade, reminiscent of what victims must have seen in the World Trade towers as the planes hit. Another visual shown occasionally in all four seasons but more often in Season 4 is the wall of commemoration on the battleship, again bearing a striking resemblance to the wall in New York City mourning the lost and the missing in the days following the attacks. Beyond these specific references, this study will attempt to analyze how the concept of the “Other as Us,” characterized by the physical appearance of the Cylons (as well as their origin as creations of humanity) creates not only a permanent form of paranoia – fundamental to the scenario itself – but more importantly in the viewer, thus transmitting a message of one of the most dangerous aspects of America’s war against terrorists both inside and outside the United States and its toxic influence on the democratic/utopian ideal. This, coupled with an examination of the power struggles revolving around Admiral Adama, President Laura Roslin and Gaius Baltar, will illustrate the delicate questions the series poses on the United States’ management of a “global” war and its meanings within contemporary America.
Through The Wire: The Avon Barksdale Story
Authors: Lefait Sébastien
Published: February 2016

Released exclusively on DVD in 2010, The Avon Barksdale Story is the first and only instalment so far of a series of docudramas called Baltimore Chronicles: Legends of the Unwired. As its title indicates, the film claims to tell the real events in the life of Baltimore drug kingpin Nathan “Bodie” Barksdale in order to expose his near namesake from HBO’s The Wire (2002-2008), Avon Barksdale, as a fictional persona. Structured around an interview of the real Barksdale by the actor impersonating him in the series, The Avon Barksdale Story presents itself as a corrigendum or as a right of reply. This so-called critical reading thus aims to debunk The Wire as a distortive rewriting of events. The film’s title, however, paradoxically acknowledges that it tells and perpetuates the legend of Avon, Nathan Barksdale’s fictional counterpart, despite the fact Nathan declares he always resented the nickname “Avon”. Besides, even though The Avon Barksdale Story sets out to restore the reputation of the historical gangster by seeing through The Wire, it also borrows, at regular intervals, the typical style of David Simon’s program. Consequently, while the docudrama claims to tell the real stories from which The Wire is freely inspired, it is itself loosely based on the fictional stories told in the show. Through a comparative analysis of sequences from The Avon Barksdale Story and extracts from The Wire, this paper purports to identify a specific type of TV series derivative, a hybrid form of remake I suggest to call the “alternative make,” and to investigate its role as an analytical instrument. As a matter of fact, the mechanics of this “counter-Wire” indirectly informs the nature of David Simon’s study of social reality through the narration of semi-imaginary life stories, and The Wire’s unique approach to fact through fiction.
Inverse Hole-Drilling Method for Residual Stress Investigation
Authors: Vaclavik Jaroslav , Holy Stanislav , Jankovec Jiří , Jaros Petr , Weinberg Otakar
Published: February 2016

The method for residual stress measurement using through the hole drilling and investigation of the residual stresses relief with the help of incremental layers removing is presented. Drilling the rosette-hole from the opposite side – the inverse layers removing – have to be used for evaluation of residual stress near the back side of the object wall in cases when this surface is inaccessible for any hole-drilling instrument. The strain gauge rosette is installed on the opposite side of the drilled wall and a new mechanical task of incremental layers removal must be solved. The calibration constants for residual stress evaluation of HBM RY21 type rosette for this case were derived using numerical modeling by FEA and its experimental verification.
Applications of Multi-Level Method of Stress-Strain State Analysis in Ceramic Tools Design
Authors: Kuzin Valery V. , Grigoriev S.N. , Fedorov Mike
Published: February 2016

The multi-level method of stress-strain state analysis of ceramic parts is created. The algorithm for the designing of cutters with ceramic inserts is developed with the application of this method and it is successfully implemented in the manufacturing of cutter for groove cutting in tempered workpieces.
Plastic Behavior of Steam Turbine Low Pressure Part
Authors: Straka František , Pánek Pavel , Albl Pavel
Published: February 2016

Low-pressure steam turbine parts are generally exposed to lowest steam parameters only and it could seem that they should not be susceptible to permanent deformation. However, this assumption is incorrect and permanent changes in geometry become visible in low-pressure turbine casings when they are disassembled after the first time in operation. The driving mechanism of the plastic deformation of the low-pressure casings is mainly the non-uniform temperature field. This paper deals with results obtained from a numerical FEM simulation of a steam turbine low pressure part, which includes elastic-plastic behavior of the material, and results measured under the real conditions.
Assessment of Serviceability of the Footbridge Across Opatovska Street
Authors: Sana Vladimír
Published: February 2016

This paper is focused on the assessment of serviceability of the footbridge structure, which has been excited by pedestrians and vandals. The three dimensional FE model of the footbridge structure was created for the necessities of theoretical modal analysis. Computed mode shapes and natural frequencies were subsequently used for the forced vibration analysis as an input files into MATLAB code. Results obtained by the theoretical analysis were compared with the experimental results. At the end of this paper, the comfort criterion of crossing pedestrians has been evaluated.
Non-Linear Numerical Analysis of Unreinforced Masonry Column and Masonry Column Reinforced by FRP Wrapping
Authors: Maroušková Aneta
Published: February 2016

A numerical model for unreinforced masonry columns and masonry columns reinforced by FRP wrapping is presented in this paper. Both, the bricks and the mortar are modeled as 3D continuum and to the interface between these two materials a non-linear contact law is assigned. The accurate 3D modeling of masonry units and mortar joints within the numerical model leads to high computational cost, but on the other hand, an appropriate analysis tool delivering detailed information about the behavior of masonry columns is obtained. A concrete damaged plasticity model was adopted for mortar and brick. External wrapping by a perfectly-adherent composite based strips and contact between strips and masonry is defined in the next step. The behavior of reinforcement was assumed isotropic and linearly elastic. The response and failure mechanism of masonry columns can be investigated. For all simulations the commercial software package ABAQUS was used. By comparison with results from experiments [1], the performance of the numerical model is evaluated and the obtained numerical results are discussed.
Use of Materials with Pozzolanic Properties as Partial Cement Replacement in Development of Heat Resistant Composite
Authors: Jogl Marcel , Koťátková Jaroslava , Reiterman Pavel
Published: February 2016

Cement is an extremely energy consuming material and its production leads to the emission of a vast amount of greenhouse gases. Cementitious concrete is a universal building material, which is used for the production of various structural elements. The paper describes the problem of cement production and its impact on the environment. This research deals with application of aluminous cement as binder component for the manufacture of refractory composites and with possibilities of further utilization of environmentally friendly materials with pozzolanic properties as a partial replacement of used aluminous cement. These materials are originating as waste in the building industry or by the recycling of cast-off materials. To reduce the costs and adverse effects on the environment was the binder system modified by finely ground ceramic powder and metakaolin. The experimental results present the values of flexural and compressive strength investigated on a series of composite specimens with dimensions of 40×40×160 mm3 and 10, 20 and 30 % of cement replacement. The aim of the present work is to apply the mentioned pozzolanic materials and reach the suitable composite with the sufficient heat resistance and residual mechanical parameters after gradual temperature loading.