bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Congress of The People (COPE) leadership under siege: The beginning of the end?
Authors: Twala Chitja
Published: February 2024

The article attempts to respond to the controversy of leadership squabbles within the ranks of the Congress of the People (COPE). For the past few years, COPE has become the home of divisions, factions and character assassination. It is argued in the article that based on the malicious practices by some leaders of this organisation, it might lose the realisation of its fundamental vision as an alternative voice for South Africa. It is contended that COPE is not divided along the lines of ideological differences, but due to leadership personalities and preferences.
Steve Biko and Kenneth Kaunda: Sampling youth in history
Authors: Kanduza Ackson M.
Published: February 2024

The paper examines history from the perspective of the youth as a marginalized social group in most societies. They are young, lacking influential skills and preparing for imagined futures. The paper argues that youth do not often use the democratic power embedded in numbers. The paper advances to show that history as selected speculation, fails to empower the youth in not explaining that major historical eras emerged from political challenges that the youth initiated and led. The author take the case of Steve Biko from South Africa and Kenneth Kaunda from Zambia to demonstrate the historical foundations of changes that came later in their respective states. During their youth Biko and Kaunda entered politics and precipitated changes of an enduring nature. When borrowing from Kaunda, Biko argued that respect for human dignity and freedoms laid foundations for struggles that improved social values and justice by rejecting colonial systems. It is further argued that comparative studies of people during their youth could improve quality of historical studies or learning, and appeal to young people to develop interest in history, and historical research.
Afrikaners in Angola 1928 – 1975
Authors: Fourie Ina
Published: February 2024

No abstract available.
South African mineral law: A historical overview of the State’s regulatory power regarding the exploitation of minerals
Authors: Van der Schyff Elmarie
Published: February 2024

The Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002 [MPRDA] acknowledges that the country’s mineral resources belong to the nation. The State is subsequently appointed as custodian of these resources. As custodian the State has the ultimate responsibility to grant, issue, control, administer and manage all rights in minerals. As a consequence of this wide regulatory authority a landowner’s right to deal with the minerals imbedded in the soil of his property has completely been annihilated. This article gives an historical overview of the State’s regulatory power regarding the exploitation of the country’s minerals to determine the extent to which the State has, in the past, took upon itself the power to decide where, when and by whom the country’s mineral riches could be mined. A historical perspective of the extent of the State’s regulatory powers regarding the exploitation of minerals might be beneficial when the provisions of the MPRDA are interpreted.
Inclusivity towards legal research: A historical and future perspective
Authors: Serfontein Erika M.
Published: February 2024

In order to research the South African law and understand how legal processes must transpire in contemporary South Africa, a historical perspective is firstly required. Historical knowledge gained assists both the academic and legal practitioner, engaged in legal research, to understand the development of South Africa’s legal system as well as the external and internal influences affecting it. An inclusive perspective also empowers legal researchers to move beyond traditional research approaches, reaching for new frontiers. This article casts light on an integrative multidisciplinary research approach as a possible future perspective on legal research.
Cape lives of the eighteenth century
Authors: Van Heyningen Elizabeth
Published: February 2024

No abstract available.
Mapping free Indian migration to Natal through a biographical lens, 1880-1930
Authors: Hiralal Kalpana
Published: February 2024

The history of indentured Indians has been well documented in South African historiography in terms of migration and settlement. Shipping lists, which meticulously recorded the biographical details of each labourer, together with Indian immigrant reports, provide a wealth of information on the early migratory and labour experiences of indentured Indians. Regrettably, similar documentation regarding passenger or free Indian migration to Natal is absent in the South African archival records. This article adopts a biographical approach as a methodological tool to map the identification practices involved in the migration of passenger or free Indian immigrants to Natal between 1880 and 1930. Both the colonial and Union governments sought to regulate the entry of these immigrants through a system of identity documents. Passage tickets, domicile certificates, affidavits, Certificates of Identity and passports not only facilitated and hindered both individual and family migration, but also show how citizenship was defined, and migration controls were instituted and administered to free immigrants. Thus, as British subjects, free Indian immigrants were not really free but had to constantly, defend and reclaim their civic rights, and attest and verify their identity as the colonial and later the Union government sought new and creative ways to restrict and prohibit their entry. This article illustrates the usefulness of a biographical approach to migration studies, in not only highlighting individual but collective immigrant experiences, which provide a way of capturing the diversity, complexity and the transformational nature of free Indian migration to Natal.
History, historians and the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission
Authors: Verbuyst Rafael
Published: February 2024

Whether or not the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) intended to write history, it certainly engaged with the past while historians were virtually absent. This article therefore sets out to take a closer look at the relationship between history, historians and the TRC. An overview of the literature reveals that historians have examined the TRC from a philosophical perspective and analysed its report as a historical narrative. Although some historians praise the TRC, most of them stand critically towards its epistemology, ethics, methodology and content. In the same way, some historians are inspired by the TRC’s alternative way of engaging with the past but others point to the dangers of its stress on a post-apartheid present. Overall, historians seldom explicitly write about or engage with the TRC because they consider it a flawed and even dangerous enterprise. The inaccessibility of the archives also impedes historians from picking up the road map the commission tried to provide. Some historians nevertheless felt inspired by the TRC to launch oral history projects or practice public history. Also, while the combination of history writing and reconciliation is often criticized, some historians claim to have written reconciliation history without violating their historiographical standards. All of this doesn’t lead to a simple conclusion with regards to the impact the TRC had – and still does – on history writing, what it means to be a historian and the concept of history in post-apartheid South Africa. What is clear, however, is that the TRC engaged with the past in varying ways and therefore caused historians to approach it in equally diverging ways. This is reason enough to study the relationship between history, the TRC and historians in greater detail.
Editorial
Authors: Van Eeden Elize S.
Published: February 2024

No abstract available.
South Africa at war
Authors: Wessels André
Published: February 2024

No abstract available.
Evaluating the effectiveness of different irrigant solutions in removing the smear layer and opening the dentinal canals: A scanning electron microscopic study
Authors: Swathi Suresh , Antony Selvanayagam Delphine Priscilla , Solete Pradeep
Published: February 2024

Aim:

The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of different irrigant solutions in removing the smear layer and opening the dentinal canals using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Materials and Methods:

A total of 50 mandibular premolars (N = 50) were decoronated at the cementoenamel junction and the samples were standardized to 17 mm. Using a #10 k file (Mani, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan), the initial patency was established up to the working length (WL). The ProFit S3 file system (Profit Dental, India) was used for cleaning and shaping. The samples were randomly divided into six groups: GROUP I: 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX; n = 10) were used to irrigate the samples, GROUP II: 2.5% NaOCl solution followed by 5% sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) and 2% CHX (n = 10) were used to irrigate the samples, GROUP III: 2.5% Calcium hypochlorite [Ca(OCl)2] solution and 2% CHX (n = 10) were used to irrigate the samples, GROUP IV: 2.5% Ca(OCl)2 solution, 5% Na2S2O3 solution, and 2% CHX solution were used to irrigate the samples (n = 10), GROUP V (control): 2.5% Ca(OCl)2 solution (n = 5) was used to irrigate the samples, GROUP VI (control): 2.5% NaOCl solution (n = 5) was used to irrigate the samples. SEM was applied to the samples at various levels to eliminate the smear layer.

Results:

There was a statistically significant difference in the effectiveness of different irrigant solutions in removing the smear layer and opening the dentinal tubules (P < 0.05) as compared with the control, and, between groups in apical third, middle third, and coronal third (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

When 2.5% Ca(OCl)2 and 2% CHX were used separately or in combination with Na2S2O3, the results showed that the former had the greatest number of opened dentinal tubules and the least amount of smear layer formation.
Guided endodontics a pathbreaking approach to the management of calcified canals: A case report
Authors: Ghosh Susmita , Gehlot Paras Mull , Puthusseril Rajiv A , Mariswamy Annapoorna B
Published: February 2024

Pulp calcification refers to the accumulation of hard tissue in the root canal space as a response to dental trauma. Despite being a common finding in dental practice, access to an obliterated pulp chamber and subsequent canal negotiation remains challenging for clinicians due to the increased likelihood of iatrogenic errors such as gouging, ledging, or perforation. In this current report, a 21-year-old male patient presented with a discolored maxillary central incisor and reported a history of trauma that occurred 15 years ago. The tooth exhibited sensitivity to percussion; with no vestibular obliteration or periodontal pockets. Intraoral periapical radiograph revealed a completely calcified root canal associated with apical widening, suggestive of apical periodontitis. A 3D-printed endodontic guide was fabricated using the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and digital planning software to aid in locating the root canal orifice. The canal was successfully navigated with the help of the endodontic guide, and a 12-month follow-up revealed that the patient remained clinically asymptomatic, with radiographic evidence indicating periapical healing. For conservative, precise, and predictable outcomes, a digital workflow that makes use of CBCT imaging, planning software, and a 3D-printed endodontic guide may be taken into consideration when managing extensively calcified canals.
No correlation between sexually dimorphic ratios of the sizes of fourth to second digits and hypothesized ratios of the sizes of the central to lateral incisors
Authors: Kulchar Rachel J , Bibko John S , Giddon Donald B
Published: February 2024

Aim:

Following the fourth to second digit ratios being used as a marker of sexual dimorphism and the embryogenetic hormonal origin in common with the permanent dentition, the aim of this study was to determine if a homologous ratio existed for the central and lateral incisors which correlated with the digit ratios.

Materials and Methods:

Bilateral linear lengths in millimeters of fourth and second digits (reversed for clearer analysis) were obtained using vernier calipers from standardized photocopies of the ventral palmar surfaces of 61 male and 51 female (n = 112) volunteer dental students, the ratios of which were correlated with the ratios of the linear measures (mm) of the inciso-cervical (IC) and mesiodistal (MD) measurements of their central to lateral incisors.

Results:

Dimorphic digit ratios were comparable with those of other investigators, with male digits and incisors significantly larger than females (p < .001). Although both male maxillary incisors, IC and MD, were significantly larger than females, the ratios unexpectedly were not, with only a limited number of low but significant correlations with the digit ratios.

Conclusions:

While there were only a limited number of significant sexually dimorphic correlations between the digit and incisor ratios for non-White participants, the results obtained suggest further investigation of possible relationships between the sexually dimorphic digit ratios and odontometric ratios other than central to lateral incisors.
Accuracy of endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) in the staging of lung cancer – A comparison of staging EBUS with postoperative pathological nodal staging
Authors: Shah Eshita , Raman N. Sankara , Aggarwal Manish K. , Jain Amit , Chokhani Arushi , Murugan Avinash , Goyal Rajiv , Darlong Laengmawia , Batra Ullas
Published: February 2024

Background:

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine-needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has replaced mediastinoscopy as the preferred investigation for evaluating mediastinum in staging lung cancer. There is little evidence of mediastinal staging by EBUS-TBNA from India.

Objectives:

To study endobronchial ultrasound’s diagnostic accuracy in staging lung cancer.

Methodology:

We retrospectively analysed patients operated on for lung cancer where EBUS was performed preoperatively for mediastinal staging. We compared the histological findings obtained from different mediastinal lymph nodes (LNs) by EBUS-TBNA with the pathology of the same LNs obtained after surgical dissection as the reference standard.

Results:

Seventy-six patients underwent curative surgery for lung cancer. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of EBUS-TBNA in predicting mediastinal metastasis were 93.9%, 40%, 99%, 80% and 94.6%, respectively. Of the 115 LNs sampled, EBUS-TBNA was false negative in six nodes, resulting in an up-staging of six patients.

Conclusions:

EBUS-TBNA has a high diagnostic accuracy for lung cancer staging.
Diagnostic Contribution of Additional Sequences to the Evaluation of Cord Lesions in Patients with Cervical Spinal Multiple Sclerosis in Turkey: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yagdiran B , Cakir BT , Cetin H
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common cause of non-traumatic disability in young adults. Spinal cord involvement is observed in 55-75% of patients with MS.

Aim:

To identify the strengths and shortcomings of sagittal phase-sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR), sagittal proton density/T2-weighted (PD/T2W), and axial turbo inversion recovery magnitude (TIRM) sequences in the detection of cervical MS plaques by comparing with routine sequences (axial and sagittal T2W, sagittal T1W, sagittal TIRM, fat-suppressed contrast T1W) and therefore determine their diagnostic contributions.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 48 patients in whom additional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences were obtained for the diagnosis of cervical MS were retrospectively identified and included in the study. A total of 111 MS plaques were analyzed in terms of visibility, number, size, border sharpness, and intensity ratio based on the routine and additional MRI sequences. The evaluation of the images was independently undertaken by two radiologists.

Results:

The highest visibility was provided by sagittal PSIR, sagittal TIRM, and axial TIRM sequences (P < 0.05 for all additional sequences). Seven lesions in PD/T2W and four lesions in axial T2W sequences were unable to be detected. Lesions seen in sagittal and axial TIRM sequences were larger than the others. The sharpest borders were determined in the axial TIRM sequence, and the most diffuse borders in the PD/T2W sequence. In intensity ratio, the sagittal PSIR sequence revealed the most significant contrast difference.

Conclusion:

The sagittal PSIR sequence may improve the detection of cervical MS plaques due to the improved visibility and intensity ratios. The axial TIRM sequence may be more useful than routine axial T2W in the evaluation of visibility, border sharpness, and size measurement of MS plaques.
Evaluation of Jaw Bone Change in Children and Adolescents with Rheumatic Heart Disease by Fractal Analysis
Authors: Temur KT , Magat G , Cosgunarslan A , Ozcan S
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Recognizing the oral needs of people living with rheumatic heart disease (RHD), particularly in relation to their jaws, is of paramount importance.

Aims:

This study aimed to evaluate potential jaw bone changes in children and adolescents diagnosed with RHD and compare them with a group of healthy children and adolescents.

Methods and Material:

The dental panoramic radiographs (DPRs) of 32 children and adolescents diagnosed with RHD comprised the case group. In contrast, the control group consisted of DPRs from 32 children and adolescents without any known diseases. Two regions of interest (ROI1 and ROI2) of trabecular bone and a separate region of interest (ROI3) of cortical bone were selected for fractal analysis. The mandibular cortical index (MCI) was evaluated.

Results:

The ROI1 fractal dimension (FD) value of the individuals in the case group was statistically higher in the right jaw than in the left jaw (P < 0.01). Significant differences were determined between the case and control groups regarding the left ROI1, and the left and the right ROI2 (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found between the patient and control groups regarding the MCI value (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:

The results of this study showed that bone metabolism was affected unilaterally in the condyle region and bilaterally in the gonial region of patients with RHD. It also revealed that the cortical layer was not affected.
Echocardiographic Comparison of Left Ventricular Systolic Function and Aortic Blood Flow Velocimetry in Children with Ventricular Septal Defect
Authors: Chinawa JM , Ossai EN , Chinawa AT , Onyia JT , Chime PU , Onyia OA , Aronu AE
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The assessments of left ventricular (LV) longitudinal systolic dynamics in children with ventricular septal defect (VSD) have achieved a major milestone in the evaluation of LV systolic function.

Objectives:

This study aims to evaluate the LV function, LV mass (LVM), and the descending aorta blood flow in children with VSD compared to that obtained in age and sex-matched controls.

Results:

The mean LVM of the control, 113.5 ± 123.9 was higher than that of those who had VSD, 75.8 ± 83.9, and the difference in mean was found to be statistically significant (Mann–Whitney U = 2.322, P = 0.022). The mean EF of the control, 67.9 ± 10.3 was comparable to that of those with VSD, 65.6 ± 13.9, (Student’s t = 1.223, P = 0.223). Similarly, the mean descending aorta blood flow of control, 1.6 ± 2.2 was comparable to that of those with VSD, 3.9 ± 16.1, (Mann–Whitney U = 1.002, P = 0.321). There was a very weak positive correlation between LVM and descending aorta blood flow among the subjects (n = 85, r = 0.117, P = 0.425). There was a very weak negative correlation between LVM and descending aorta blood flow among control. (n = 85, r = –0.065, P = 0.609).

Conclusion:

The LVM among children with VSD is lower than controls but there is no difference between LV function in subjects and controls. There is a linear increase of LVM with descending aorta blood flow.
A Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Mifepristone and Misoprostol Versus Misoprostol alone for Induction of Labour in Nigerian Women with Intrauterine Fetal Death: A Triple Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ekoh A , Ebeigbe PN. , Mofon C
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Intrauterine foetal death (IUFD) is an unpleasant pregnancy outcome and prompt delivery of the dead foetus is usually desired by mothers. Unfortunately, spontaneous labour and delivery may not occur early and prolonged retention of the dead foetus in utero is life-threatening. Many of the agents currently used for the induction of labour may result in a prolonged delivery process.

Objectives:

To compare the efficacy and safety of mifepristone and misoprostol versus misoprostol alone for induction of labour in women with intrauterine foetal death.

Materials and Methods:

This was a triple-blind randomized controlled trial. Eighty women were randomized into two groups. The intervention group received a single oral dose of 200 mg mifepristone, followed by 6-hourly 50 μg misoprostol vaginal insertion, after 24-hour intervals. The control group received a placebo, followed by 6-hourly 50 μg misoprostol vaginal insertion, after 24-hour intervals. The primary outcome measure was the induction to delivery interval.

Results:

Maternal age, gestational age, parity and pre-induction bishop’s score were comparable between the two groups. The mean induction to the delivery interval in the intervention group was significantly less in the intervention group than the control group (18.78 ± 6.51 hours versus 37.10 ± 10.10; P < 0.001). The total dose of misoprostol required for induction of labour; the need for oxytocin augmentation of labour; and the observed side effects of misoprostol were all significantly less in intervention group than control group (P < 0.001; P < 0.01; and P = 0.03, respectively).

Conclusion:

The combination of mifepristone and misoprostol has greater efficacy and better safety profile than the use of misoprostol alone for induction of labour. This combination should be considered when induction of labour is indicated for IUFD.
Population genetics of the invasive tick Rhipicephalus microplus in Benin and Burkina Faso (West Africa)
Authors: Biguezoton Abel S. , Adakal Hassane , Noel Valerie , Farougou Souai¯bou , Zoungrana Sebastien , Chevillon Christine
Published: February 2024

Rhipicephalus microplus, is an invasive tick species associated with the highest economic losses where it occurs. Invasion of West Africa,  where breeding is in 95% of case with low input, started in 2000s and was followed by breeder’s complaints of acaricide resistance. Since  understanding of population structure could help tick control, this study aimed to investigate processes which influence R. microplus  invasion in Benin and Burkina Faso. Thus, seven microsatellites (SSRs) markers were applied to analyse 436 ticks from Benin and Burkina Faso. Subsequently, determination of population limits, population size, and investigation on isolation by distance pattern were achieved.  Analyses revealed that herd is the relevant level of population limit in Benin and with the whole dataset. Significant differentiation was  highlighted between herds and between R. microplus population from Benin and Burkina Faso. Migration occurred between herds, as  indicated by assignment results and migration rates. Furthermore, any bottleneck was not evidenced within dataset. Results suggested  that the origin of R. microplus population of Burkina Faso could be Côte d’Ivoire. The limit of population being the herd has obviously to  be considered in tick control strategies. Thus, to be efficient, tick control programs should primarily focus on the cattle coming back north  after transhumance.
Prévalence des rongeurs (Muridae et Soricidae) en saison sèche dans la Commune Urbaine de Kindia
Authors: Keita Namory , Cisse Amara , Toure Aboubacar Hady , Dore Raphael , Yakovlev Serguei , Sangare Mory
Published: February 2024

Le choix de ce thème contribuerait à une meilleure connaissance de l’écologie de ces espèces quasimenacées et devrait permettre la mise en place d’une stratégie de conservation durable. Cette étude sur la prévalence des rongeurs (Muridae et Soricidae) en saison sèche  a été effectuée entre 20 novembre 2021 et 20 mai 2022 dans les Maisons habitées, Maisons non habitées, Magasins, Champs  agricoles, Forêts-Buissons et Rizière dans la Commune Urbaine de Kindia. Ont été capturés 250 rongeurs dont 6 espèces à l'aide de  pièges de type tapettes, disposés en lignes de 5 à 10 pièges ou espacés de quelques mètres : 101 (40,40%) Rattus rattus, 89 (35,60%)  Mastomys ssp., 51 (20,40%) Mus musculus, 4 (1,60%) Praomys ssp., 3 (1,20%) Cricetomys gambianus et 2 (0,80%) Crocidura ssp., 204  (81,60%) étaient des mâles contre 46 (18,40%) femelles, 39 (15,60%) dans le quartier cacia contre 4 (1,60%) dans le quartier Abattoir. La  plus grande capture fut effectuée dans les maisons habitées 112 (44,80%) contre 10 (4,00%) dans les forêts-buissons. Les pièges étaient  appâtés avec du poisson séché et mis en place de 19h à 6h avant d’être ramassés et conduits au laboratoire pour être identifier à travers  la méthode de Rosevear (1969). Pour terminer, la prévalence des rongeurs était plus élevée au mois de mai 104 (41,60%) contre 64  (25,60%) au mois d’avril.

 

English title: Prevalence of rodents (Muridae and Soricidae) in the dry season in the Commune Urbaine de Kindia

The choice of this theme would contribute to a better understanding of the ecology of these nearthreatened species, and should enable a sustainable conservation strategy to be put in place. This study on the prevalence of rodents (Muridae and Soricidae) in the dry season  was carried out from November 20, 2021 to May 20, 2022 in inhabited houses, uninhabited houses, stores, agricultural fields, bush-forests  and rice fields in Urban Commune of Kindia. A total of 250 rodents, including 6 species, were captured using tapette-type traps  set in lines of 5 to 10 traps or spaced a few meters apart: 101 (40.40%) Rattus rattus, 89 (35.60%) Mastomys  ssp., 51 (20.40%) Mus  musculus, 4 (1.60%) Praomys ssp., 3 (1.20%) Cricetomys gambianus and 2 (0.80%) Crocidura ssp., 204 (81.60%) were males vs. 46 (18.40%)  females, 39 (15.60%) in the Cacia district versus 4 (1.60%) in the Abattoir district. The largest numbers were caught in inhabited houses  112 (44.80%) versus 10 (4.00%) in bush forests. The traps were baited with dried fish and set from 7pm to 6am before being collected and  taken to the laboratory for identification using the Rosevear method (1969). Finally, the prevalence of rodents was higher in May 104  (41.60%) than in April 64 (25.60%).
Comparison of Clinical and Self-Reported Halitosis among Secondary School Adolescents in Maiduguri, Borno State Nigeria.
Authors: WILLIAMS Adeola Temitope , EZECHUKWU Chinwe C. , BABABE Falmata B. , POPOOLA Bamidele. Olubukola , IBIYEMI Olushola
Published: February 2024

Background: Halitosis is of extreme relevance in adolescents due to their peculiar predisposition to conditions that affect social relationships.

Objective: To assess the factors associated with halitosis and compare its prevalence using self and clinical reports among secondary school adolescents in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among one hundred and fifty 12-18-year-old secondary school students in Maiduguri. The multistage sampling technique was used for the selection of participants and data was collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire on socio-demography, knowledge of the aetiology of halitosis, oral hygiene practices and self-perception of halitosis. A trained and calibrated examiner did clinical halitosis by organoleptic assessment. A chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were done to determine the association between the investigated factors and halitosis. The level of test of significance (p) was set at < 0.05

Results: The prevalence of self-reported halitosis was 17.3 % while using the organoleptic method (clinical halitosis), about 12 (8.0%) had slight to moderate halitosis. There was no statistically significant association between self-reported halitosis and halitosis determined using the organoleptic method. Among the investigated factors, frequency of brushing and gingival bleeding were found to be statistically significantly associated with self-reported halitosis, (aOR 3.64; p=0.032) and (aOR 3.06; p=0.045) respectively.

Conclusion: Adolescents reported halitosis more than was clinically present which may have led to more aggressive oral hygiene practices. There is therefore the need to increase awareness on halitosis and proper oral health behaviour in adolescents in the Northern part of Nigeria.
A first assessment of marine litter on a beach of an uninhabited island in the Mozambique Channel
Authors: Jaquemet Sébastien
Published: February 2024

Marine litter is ubiquitous and associated with both ecological and socio-economic consequences. Beaches are major sinks of marine litter and as such its assessment and monitoring are needed. An opportunistic marine litter survey was performed for 12 consecutive days on the island of Juan de Nova in the central Mozambique Channel in February 2007. Plastic dominated the marine beach litter with daily accumulation of plastic positively related to the tide height (R2 = 0.768, p<0.01). Annual deposits could reach an average of 1 t.km-1, suggesting that regular cleaning of the coastline should be conducted to limit the impact on the local wildlife of this protected area.
The Madonna-Whore Complex in D.H. Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers
Authors: EMİR Derya
Published: February 2024

Published in 1913, D.H. Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers is one of the classics of English Literature. It narrates the struggles and economic problems of the Morel family, particularly focusing on the complex relationships among the members. Several critical analyses and theses have extensively examined the influence of Freudian psychoanalytical theories, particularly the Oedipus Complex, on the novel. However, not much critical attention has been directed towards the Madonna-whore complex, a conceptual framework articulated by Sigmund Freud and further elaborated upon by feminist scholars. The dichotomous portrayal of women characters in fictional texts by the dominant discourses has been a longstanding concern since ancient times. As the sufferer from mother-complex, the protagonist, Paul cannot feel free himself to find a healthy mutual relationship with the opposite sex due to childhood frustrations in his family. Throughout the novel, Paul vacillates between Miriam and Clara; however, neither can satisfy his “affectionate” and “emotional” needs fully, so he cannot get intimacy with a girl who is either entirely a virginal Madonna or a sinful whore. In the novel, Miriam is portrayed as the embodiment of Mary-like figure, representing purity and affection; on the other hand, Clara assumes the role of a whore figure that satisfies the sensual feelings of the protagonist. This study aims to examine how the Madonna-whore dichotomy has been prevalent during the protagonist’s intimate relationship with the two female characters in Sons and Lovers (1913).
Manual para la elaboración de proyectos de investigación dirigido a los docentes tutores de educación media general
Authors: Durán Wilmer
Published: February 2024

El presente artículo se presenta como reporte de una investigación, cuyo propósito fue  diseñar un manual para la elaboración de proyectos de investigación dirigido a los docentes tutores de educación media general de la Unidad Educativa Colegio Francisco Lazo Martí. Desde el punto de vista, metodológico la presente se construyó desde la visión del enfoque cuantitativo, bajo la concepción del paradigma positivista, en la modalidad de proyecto especial, sustentado en un estudio de campo de carácter descriptivo. Se diagnosticó la necesidad que presentan los docentes tutores de un manual para el proceso de elaboración de proyectos de investigación. Por otro lado,  se seleccionaron un total de quince (15)  como sujetos de estudio a quienes se le aplicó un instrumento bajo una escala tipo Lickert. Asimismo, se asumió el diseño instruccional de Dick y Carey (1999) y el modelo A.N.I.S.E de Pérez (2000). Igualmente, el manual  se estructuró en seis (6) unidades abordadas desde la introducción a la investigación; hasta la redacción de las conclusiones y recomendaciones de un proyecto de investigación. Finalmente, se procedió a la validación del manual bajo el criterio de juicio de experto; por este motivo se diseñó un cuestionario de 12 ítems con tres alternativas de respuesta Acuerdo (AC), en Desacuerdo (DA) Mejorable (M) para recoger las apreciaciones de los especialistas en recursos didácticos.
THERMODYNAMIC STUDIES OF THE INTERACTIONS OF CETYLTRIMETHYL AMMONIUM BROMIDE (CTAB) AND METHYL ORANGE DYE IN ETHANOL-WATER MIXED SOLVENTS
Authors: Cookey G. A. , Giomene C. B. , Boisa N.
Published: February 2024

The interaction between Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and Methyl Orange dye in water and ethanol-water mixed solvent media at varying temperatures was studied by conductometry. The critical micelle concentrations and thermodynamic parameters of micelle formation such as enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy were determined at different temperatures and volume fractions of ethanol. Results show that the CMC of CTAB increased with increasing volume fraction of ethanol indicating that the solubility of CTAB in aqueous solution may have decreased with increasing volume fraction of ethanol. The CMC of the surfactant solution also increased in the presence of the dye which may be attributed to steric hindrance due to the bulkiness of the azo dye. The increased CMC observed with temperature may suggest breakdown of structured water molecules surrounding the hydrophobic alkyl chain as well as increased molecular freedom of the surfactant molecules due to higher kinetic energy. The decreasing negative values of Gibbs free energy may indicate that micellization was thermodynamically feasible but less spontaneous on increasing volume fraction of ethanol, in the presence of the dye and with increasing temperature. However, temperature effect was not large. The enthalpy of the process shows that the interaction between the dye and surfactant was exothermic (?H 0m ? ? ) and the observed positive values of ?Sm is suggestive of entropy driven micellization process.
Quantitative Interpretation of the Petrophysical Properties of Selected Wells for the Mishrif Formation in Nasiriyah Oilfield, Southern Part of Iraq
Authors: Alsultan Hamid , Manhi Maha , Abas Shahad , Al-Khafaj Amer
Published: February 2024

One of the oil field's main reservoirs is the Mishrif Formation, which is found in the Nasiriyah oilfield in the southern part of Iraq (Late Cenomanian-Early Turonian). It was one of the three oil wells selected for this study. To extract various petrophysical parameters for open wells indicated by gamma ray, density, neutron, self-potential, acoustic, and resistance, a variety of well logs were analyzed. The qualitative interpretation of the logs allowed for the identification of different types of rocks, the boundaries and thicknesses of the strata, the depths of the formation, and the zones that contained water and hydrocarbons. The quantitative interpretation, which assesses the reservoir's attributes by computing its porosity, the quantity and distribution of the shales, the levels of water and oil saturation, and other elements, that are necessary to evaluate the reservoir’s units in the research wells. The features of the study wells and the used logs were reported, to make clear how these features were distributed among the sample wells. The collected petrophysical characteristics were handled and shown as charts. There are two types of units within the Mishrif Formation: reservoir-containing CR-I, MA, CR-II, and MB. In most wells, reservoir units are made up of hard, low-porous rocks that are positioned between highly porous reservoir units. For a few wells, the MA unit had low residual and mobile hydrocarbon percentages, whereas the MB unit had large percentages, while the hard rocks had significant percentages of water saturation.
Determine the Reservoir Characterization, Using Seismic Data, Well Logs, Attribute Interpretation, and Static Modelling in the Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Authors: Gardi Kakarash , Aziz Bakhtiar , Baban Ezzadin
Published: February 2024

Although the High Folded Zone in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq forms part of the Zagros-Taurus Folds and Thrust belt considered one of the potential hydrocarbon provinces, the oil fields within the zone are still lacking in geophysical exploration and scientific research. So, the rationale behind this study is the prospecting and evaluation of one of the Tertiary carbonate reservoirs at the “WN” oil field in the Duhok area by integrating the 3D seismic and well-log data. The methodology covered seismic interpretation, well logs and their relevant petrophysical analysis, attribute computation, and 3D static property modeling. The constructed reservoir maps revealed a double-plunging rollover anticlinal structure trending in the East-West direction parallel to the Taurus Mountain series. A total of nineteen minor reversal faults trending E-W to ENE-WSW dissecting the northern limb of the anticline were manually interpreted. The isopach map shows various thicknesses ranging from 160 to 330 m, averaging 245 m. The property models show the limited values of their parameters as the effective porosity is limited (0.97-23%), the secondary porosity (0.43-11.7%), permeability (0.00-238.8 mD), the water saturation (12.44-99.8%), and the clay volume (0.00-9.8%). The results of this research indicate that the horizon is a promising reservoir characteristic.
Photovoice: A Method to Interrogate Positionality and Critical Reflexivity
Authors: Versey H. Shellae
Published: February 2024

Photovoice is a visual method for interrogating subjective perspectives. Rather than solely relying on investigator-developed tools, photovoice allows participants to inform research by “showing” their lived realities through photographs, resulting in a more collaborative, inclusive, and community-informed process. Though applicable to a wide range of social science research, photovoice remains relatively underutilized, especially as a tool for interrogating reflexivity. Given its power to reveal the unseen, this paper considers the potential for photovoice as a self-reflexive tool by turning the lens towards the investigator. Though typically used by the researcher to enhance transparency and navigate power differentials in community-based participatory research, photovoice may also be an exercise in reflexivity. What hidden biases and assumptions might all investigators have that could be revealed through this process? Investigating photovoice as a means for self- inquiry is considered alongside calls emphasizing a need to center research inclusivity, positionality, and critical reflection in the research process. Implications for future research and training are discussed.
PENGARUH MANAJEMEN PRODUKSI DAN MODAL TERHADAP PRODUK KELAPA SAWIT DI KECAMATAN SUNGAI BAHAR KABUPATEN MUARO JAMBI PROVINSI JAMBI
Authors: Khudori M. Heri , Suryati Adelina
Published: February 2024

Studi ini menyelidiki dampak manajemen produksi dan manajemen produksi kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Sungai Bahar, Muaro Jambi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui produksi kelapa sawit pada penduduk Kecamatan Sungai Bahar Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Metode kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini karena bertujuan untuk menganalisis produksi yang ada di lapangan dengan menggunakan teori yang ada. Sembel memperoleh metode observasi dan wawancara dari lima petani di Kecamatan Sungai Bahar Kabupaten Muaro Jambi untuk mengetahui bagaimana produksi dan manajemen modal mempengaruhi produksi kelapa sawit.Manajemen Production berdampak signifikan terhadap pengelolaan kelapa sawit. Baik dalam pemilihan pupuk maupun tenaga kerja dalam merawat tanaman sawitnya, petani harus mampu menganalisis kebutuhan dan jenis perawatan agar sawit mendapatkan hasil yang berkualitas. Modal memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap manajemen produksi. Modal diperlukan untuk membeli pupuk dan membayar karyawan. Pilihan pupuk yang diperbaiki dan pemilihan produk perawatan yang baik juga dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani itu sendiriSedangkan produksi dan pengelolaan modal secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Sungai Bahar Kabupaten Muaro Jambi.Dengan rata-rata pendapatan bulanan petani sekitar 4,2 ton, berarti variabel produksi dan pengelolaan modal secara bersama-sama mempengaruhi produksi kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Sungai Bahar Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Variabel terpenting untuk produksi kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Sungai Bahar Kabupaten Muaro Jambi adalah variable modal
KEPUASAN MASYARAKAT ATAS PELAYANAN PEMBUATAN PASPOR DI KANTOR IMIGRASI KELAS 1 KHUSUS TPI SOEKARNO HATTA
Authors: Firdaus Ahmad , Milisani Meirna , Jusdienar Akka Latifah , Budiraharjo Joko , Yulia Yulia
Published: February 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengevaluasi pengaruh layanan pembuatan paspor terhadap kepuasan masyarakat di Kantor Imigrasi Kelas 1 Khusus TPI Soekarno Hatta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dan asosiatif, di mana satu atau lebih variabel diminta untuk menunjukkan hubungan antara variabel. Dalam penelitian ini, 75 karyawan Kantor Imigrasi Kelas 1 Khusus TPI Soekarno Hatta terlibat. Variabel pelayanan pembuatan paspor (X) memiliki nilai thitung 23.369 dan nilai ttabel 1.992. Nilai thitung lebih besar dari nilai ttabel 1.992. Akibatnya, dengan nilai probabilitas (signifikansi) = 0,000 dan probabilitas 0,000 di bawah 0,05, dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel pelayanan pembuatan paspor (X) memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan masyarakat. Kesimpulan model, dengan nilai R Square sebesar 0,882, menunjukkan bahwa variabel pelayanan pembuatan paspor (X) memiliki pengaruh sebesar 88,2% terhadap Motivasi Kerja Pegawai (Y). Faktor-faktor lain yang tidak diteliti oleh penulis dalam penelitian ini memiliki pengaruh sebesar 11,8%.
ANALISA DAMPAK BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN KOMITMENT ORGANISASI PADA KINERJA KARYAWAN MELALUI KEPUASAN KERJA PADA UMKM DI KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Utama Angka , Widodo Widodo , Mulyana Dede , Sidin Cecep
Published: February 2024

Riset ini bertujuan menguji dampak budaya organisasi dan komitmen organisasi pada kinerja karyawan di UMKM-UMKM yang ada di Bengkulu juga dampak secara tidak langsungnya melalui kepuasan kerja.Perkembangan UMKM di Kota Bengkulu mengalami peningkatan terlebih setelah era baru dicabutnya status Pandemi covid 19, namun sejalan dengan itu timbul permasalahan yang perlu dikaji yakni, kinerja karyawan pada UMKM belum sesuai yang diharapkan karena beberapa faktor yang tersinyalir menjadi indikasi yang terbesar dalam pengelompokan hasil survei dan wawancara melalui staff dan karyawannya.Diantara permasalahan kinerja karyawan UMKM teridentifikasi dari hasil analisis permasalahan ada pada variabel Budaya dan Komitmen UMKM.Metode penelitian menggunakan kuesioner dengan Analisa Kuantitative dan wawancara narasumber, dengan menguji 85 hasil sampel dari pelaku UMKM yang memiliki peran di sepanjang pantai panjang dan di dalam Kota Bengkulu.Smart PLS digunakan untuk membantu mengolah data, hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa terdapat kuatsi kuat dan potifi antara budaya organisasi dan komitmen organisasi pada kinerja karyawan juga pada kepuasan kerja. Dampak tidak langsung juga kuat, semua di dapat nilai pValue 0,05. Yang menandakan hasil uji kuatsi dan hipotesis penelitian diterima.
ANALISIS MANAJEMEN PORTOFOLIO SYARIAH: PRAKTIK PENYARINGAN SAHAM
Authors: Sularno Muhammad , Akbar Firman Muhammad Abdurrohman , Hartono Bambang Dwi
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis manajemen portofolio Syariah dengan fokus pada praktik penyaringan saham dalam investasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari berbagai sumber terkait pedoman Syariah dan indeks Syariah. Analisis penyaringan Syariah dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi sektor-sektor yang dianggap halal dan haram dalam investasi. Penyaringan kualitatif dilakukan oleh berbagai dana investasi dan indeks Syariah, dan hasilnya ditampilkan dalam tabel yang menyajikan informasi tentang sektor mana yang diizinkan atau dilarang dalam masing-masing pedoman Syariah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa sektor sering dianggap haram, termasuk minuman beralkohol, penyiaran dan hiburan, layanan keuangan konvensional, perjudian, asuransi, produksi daging, produk berkaitan dengan babi, restoran bar, tembakau, dan senjata pertahanan. Di sisi lain, sektor-sektor seperti energi, perawatan kesehatan, teknologi informasi, material, layanan telekomunikasi, dan utilitas tidak memiliki informasi yang jelas mengenai status halal atau haramnya. Selai itu, analisis komparatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan indeks Standard Poor's 500 menunjukkan bahwa dari total 500 konstituen dalam SP 500, sebanyak 403 konstituen dianggap halal dan 97 konstituen dianggap haram. Sektor-sektor yang dianggap non-halal (haram). Konstituen yang termasuk dalam sektor-sektor tersebut dikecualikan dari pertimbangan investasi yang halal. Sebanyak 19,4% dari konstituen SP 500 termasuk dalam sektor-sektor non-halal tersebut.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI PEMERINTAHAN DAN KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN TERHADAP AKUNTABILITAS KINERJA INSTANSI PEMERINTAH PADA BADAN SIBER DAN SANDI NEGARA
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Astuti Indri
Published: February 2024

The Government Accounting Standards become the benchmark in the preparation of government financial statements, so it is necessary to apply the appropriate accounting standards so that the financial reports generated can be used correctly. The 2019 Cybersecurity and National Security Agency (BSSN) Financial Report has received a WDP (Rational With Exceptions) opinion because the BSSN has not fully implemented government accounting standards, constraints in compiling financial reports, or errors in the performance of agencies. The study entitled “Effects of Application of Government Accounting Standards and Quality of Financial Reporting on Accountability of Performance of Government Institutions BSSN”, aims to find out to what extent the application of government accounting standards and the quality of financial reporting influence on accountabilities of performance of government institutions based on the problems that arise.The field research was conducted using a quantitative approach and population research is the BSSN Financial Reporting Team. The study involved 33 respondents. This research data is collected using a questionnaire method.  The author uses the double linear regression test and the hypothesis test with the SPSS27 program.The results of this study lead to the conclusion that the financial reporting quality variables have a significant influence on the accountability of the performance of government agencies. Financial reporting quality variable with a significance value of 0.012 0.05 and a tstatistic  value of 2.261 ttable  2.042. Different from the variable application of government accounting standards that influences but is not significant on the accountability of the performance of government agencies because it has a significant value of 0.564 0.05, and the tstatistic value of -0,584ttable 2.042.