bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Small Round Cell Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone
Authors: Wei Shi , Siegal Gene P.
Published: February 2021

Context.—

Small round cell tumors of soft tissue and bone constitute a divergent group of neoplasms. These lesions often demonstrate overlapping clinical and radiologic characteristics and share histomorphologic and sometimes immunophenotypic similarities, but they typically have diverse prognostic outcomes, thus warranting different clinical management. Recent advances in molecular and cytogenetic techniques have identified a number of novel molecular alterations contributing to the diversity of these lesions. This state-of-the-art knowledge has enhanced our understanding of these diseases.

Objective.—

To provide an overview of the current concepts in the classification and diagnosis of small round cell tumors of soft tissue and bone, focusing on salient histologic features, key immunophenotypic characteristics, and recent molecular genetic advancements.

Data Sources.—

Data were obtained from pertinent peer-reviewed English-language literature and firsthand experience from the authors as practicing bone and soft tissue pathologists.

Conclusions.—

Immunohistochemistry plays a vital role in rendering a specific diagnosis or narrowing the differential diagnosis in small round cell tumors of soft tissue and bone. Molecular genetic studies are often needed, especially for those lesions with unusual histologic features, an uncommon immunoprofile, and/or unusual clinical presentation. Accurate diagnosis of these tumors necessitates recognition of salient histologic features, judicious and astute use of ancillary studies, and correlation with the clinical and radiologic characteristics to guide clinical decision-making.
Imitation of law: Imitation of life
Authors: Pihler Stanko
Published: February 2021

Author considers that the Jugoslav system is only formally regulated by law, but it doesn't function by the means of law. It is imitation of law and thus the means of imitating life. In such a social and historical context it is impossible to establish a civil state.
Knowledge and opinion about constitution among law students
Authors: Biro Mikloš , Molnar Aleksandar
Published: February 2021

Paper presents a socio-psychological study of knowledge and attitudes towards different constitutional and legal solutions concerning human rights, among law students. Hundred law students from University of Novi Sad and University of Belgrade were examined. Results show low level of knowledge of the Yugoslavian Constitution, especially the articles concerning human rights. Also, law students show extremely high authoritarian attitudes and values.
Constituencies
Authors: Pajvančić Marijana
Published: February 2021

The article deals with one of the most difficult electoral problems. The problem is the location of constituency boundaries, and the filling many places in single-place constituencies. The result of an election in single-place constituencies is effected not only by the opinions of the voters, but also by an unacceptable extend in the location of constituency boundaries. The possible extremes of distortion is due to boundaries between a large number of constituencies. If there are more than two parties and election is by relative majority, the possible extremes of distortion are enlarged.
The trail of law in Descartes nature philosophy
Authors: Pihler Stanko
Published: February 2021

Descarte's philosophy of nature is in fact a philosophy of man and so indirectly a philosophy of law. From Descartes search for the "natural law" and universal knowledge also originate the juristic principles of equal validity, freedom, responsibility, rational natural law, intelectual law, methodologies, systematics and gradually in the thought of law.
Civilization matrices
Authors: Kubinjec Janko
Published: February 2021

Institutions of politics, law, moral (institutions of freedom) if authentic, are based on the spiritual principals. These principals could be marked as civilization matrices. The exsistence of one civilization matrix does not mean identity of political and legal solutions in different social communities.
O ciljevima krivičnog postupka
Authors: Cigler Snežana
Published: February 2021

U radu se ukazuje na teškoće pravilnog određivanja ciljeva krivičnog postupka i nesaglasnosti koje u tom pogledu postoje u teoriji. Utvrđuje se smisao odredbe čl. 1 ZKP i opredeljuje njen odnos prema načelu istine. Posebna pažnja se poklanja pitanju odnosa procesnih ciljeva prema procesnim formama i zaključuje da nepromenljivost prvih nije smetnja za menjanje poslednjih.
Laws on multi-lingual public inscriptions in the Republic of Serbia and their implementation in practice in the Vojvodina province
Authors: Korhec Tamaš
Published: February 2021

Many international documents for the protection of national minorities guarantee the right - in areas populated by national minorities - for the use of minority languages on public inscriptions (geographic names, street names etc.). Previous Vojvodina Laws, as well as the actual Serbian Law (Law on official use of language and script from 1991) prescribe that ..public inscriptions shall be in minority languages as well, in areas populated with minorities". Furthermore Serbian Law provides heavy fines for violators (from 400 dem-24000 dem in Dinars). In spite of clear legal norms and sanctions, these pro-minority provisions are very often violated in practice. Whatsmore, according to the recent study of one Human Rights NGO from Subotica ..Equality" Republican state organs often prevail in violation, of course allways for the loss of minority languages. According to this study procedures were never initiated, or nobody was ever fined for these violations. It is characteristic that, as in other areas the pretty correct legal provisions are not implemented if the regime have no interest - as in case of minority rights.
The crime of genocide
Authors: Bozoki Antal
Published: February 2021

The author explains the notion of genocide and points to its normative and historical roots. He analyzes the content of the Convention on the prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide and the compliance of the Yugoslav Criminal Code with the Convention. He explains the character of the permanent International Criminal Court and of the Hague Tribunal.
Households' preference for some selected cowpea varieties in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ojedokun Ajibola , Yesufu Olufemi
Published: February 2021

This study was carried out to determine the factors influencing households' preference for some selected cowpea varieties in Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected from a total of 250 households from five Local Government Areas (LGAs) using the multistage sampling technique. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multinomial logit regression model. The study revealed that households mostly preferred the Oloyin variety of cowpea and that households mostly used Oloyin for their different cooking. The age of household head, the primary occupation of household head, years of formal education, income, prices of cowpea varieties, aroma during cooking, ability to tolerate weevil infestation and absence of foreign particles influenced households' preference for cowpea varieties. The study recommends that it is necessary for stakeholders and breeding institutions to give attention to the Oloyin variety if the Agricultural Promotion Policy's aim will be achieved.
Earth's shadowing effects by computer algebra
Authors: Šegan S.D.
Published: February 2021

The short-periodic perturbations of orbits of an artificial satellite due to the radiation pressure during one orbital period are influenced by Earth's shadow. For the semi-analytical theories it is necessary to calculate great number of coefficients. Using computer algebra we have computed them for some of applicable semi-analytical theories.
Comparative investigation of job motivation, perceived job stress and job satisfaction on teacher's efficacy among public and private secondary school teachers in Ekiti State, Nigeria
Authors: Okpako Ernest
Published: February 2021

The study examines the comparative investigation of job motivation, perceived job stress and job satisfaction on teacher's efficacy among public and private secondary school teachers in Ekiti State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive design of correlational type. A Sample of two hundred hundred fifty public and private secondary school teachers were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Four scales were used to collect information. Eight research questions were raised and answered in the study. Data collected were analyzed using T-test and Multiple regression analysis. Results indicated that there was a significant difference in the teaching efficacy of public and private secondary school teachers; t (248) = -3.206, p < .05, there was also a significant difference in the job motivation of public and private secondary school teachers; t (248) = -2.159, p < .05, a significant difference also was observed in the perceived stress of public and private secondary school teachers; t (248) = -3.648, p < .05 and a significant difference in the job satisfaction of public and private secondary school teachers was also observed; t (248) = -2.742, p > .05. The Regression analysis revealed that there was a joint effect of the independent variables (job motivation, perceived stress and job satisfaction) on public school teachers' efficacy (R = .598, P < .05). 34.3% of the variance was accounted for by the predictor variables when taken together. The significance of the composite contribution was tested at (P < .05). Furthermore, there was also a joint effect of the independent variables (job motivation, perceived stress and job satisfaction) on private school teachers' efficacy (R = .641, P < .05). 39.4% of the variance was accounted for by the predictor variables when taken together. The significance of the composite contribution was tested at (P < .05). It is recommended from the findings of the study that the welfare of teachers who are the engine room of secondary education is very critical to their efficacy most notably in the private secondary school section. Also, Government, employers and stakeholders in the secondary education must ensure the wellness of teachers in order to facilitate the learning process towards good teaching, self-development of teachers, students and nation at large.
Anticipated attack slows responses in a cued virtual attack emotional Sternberg Task
Authors: Gladwin Thomas E. , Vink Matthijs
Published: February 2021

Threatening stimuli have varying effects, including reaction time (RT) increase in working memory tasks. This could reflect disruption of working memory or, alternatively, a reversible state of freezing. In the current series of experiments, reversible slowing due to anticipated threat was studied using the cued Virtual Attack Emotional Sternberg Task (cVAEST). In this task visually neutral cues indicate whether a future virtual attack could or could not occur during the maintenance period of a Sternberg task. Three studies (N = 47, 40, and 40, respectively) were performed by healthy adult participants online. The primary hypothesis was that the cVAEST would evoke anticipatory slowing. Further, the studies aimed to explore details of this novel task, in particular the interval between the cue and probe stimuli and the memory set size. In all studies it was found that threat anticipation slowed RTs on the working memory task. Further, Study 1 (memory set size 3) showed a decrease in RT when the attack occurred over all Cue Stimulus Intervals (CSIs). In Study 2 a minimal memory set of one item was used, under which circumstances RTs following attacks were only faster shortly after cue presentation (CSI 200 and 500 ms), when RTs were high for both threat and safe cues. Study 3 replicated results of Study 2 with more fine-grained time intervals. The results confirm that anticipation of attack stimuli can reversibly slow responses on an independent working memory task. The cVAEST may provide a useful method to study such threat-induced response slowing.
Metamemory and memory discrepancies in directed forgetting of emotional information
Authors: Çapan Dicle , Ikier Simay
Published: February 2021

Directed Forgetting (DF) studies show that it is possible to exert cognitive control to intentionally forget information. The aim of the present study was to investigate how aware individuals are of the control they have over what they remember and forget when the information is emotional. Participants were presented with positive, negative and neutral photographs, and each photograph was followed by either a Remember or a Forget instruction. Then, for each photograph, participants provided Judgments of Learning (JOLs) by indicating their likelihood of recognizing that item on a subsequent test. In the recognition phase, participants were asked to indicate all old items, irrespective of instruction. Remember items had higher JOLs than Forget items for all item types, indicating that participants believe they can intentionally forget even emotional information—which is not the case based on the actual recognition results. DF effect, which was calculated by subtracting recognition for Forget items from Remember ones was only significant for neutral items. Emotional information disrupted cognitive control, eliminating the DF effect. Response times for JOLs showed that evaluation of emotional information, especially negatively emotional information takes longer, and thus is more difficult. For both Remember and Forget items, JOLs reflected sensitivity to emotionality of the items, with emotional items receiving higher JOLs than the neutral ones. Actual recognition confirmed better recognition for only negative items but not for positive ones. JOLs also reflected underestimation of actual recognition performance. Discrepancies in metacognitive judgments due to emotional valence as well as the reasons for underestimation are discussed.
A comparison of measurement methods for alcohol-based hand sanitizers
Authors: Bedner Mary , Murray Jacolin A , Urbas Aaron A , MacCrehan William A , Wilson Walter B
Published: February 2021

The production and demand for hand sanitizers have increased dramatically during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) health emergency. To be deemed effective and safe, hand sanitizers should contain at least 60 % alcohol (typically ethanol) as well as minimal amounts of harmful impurities regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). To help ensure product potency and safety through sound measurements, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) developed and evaluated four instrumental measurement approaches for their applicability in measuring ethanol and impurities in 72 hand sanitizers representing a range of brands and formulations. The methods included gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID), liquid chromatography with ultraviolet absorbance detection (LC-UV), quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (qNMR), and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). All four instrumental methods can determine and provide comparable results for ethanol, the principle disinfectant in different hand sanitizer formulations. All methods can also confirm the presence of other alcohols potentially present in significant quantities (? percent levels) such as methanol, a harmful impurity, and isopropanol, which can be either the primary disinfectant or an approved denaturant in some formulations. Two of the methods, qNMR and GC-FID, were also able to determine impurities at the requisite sensitivity levels ( g/g) set by the FDA limits. This report presents descriptions and key results from each method. In addition, a discussion regarding the applicability and strengths and weaknesses of each measurement approach for the analysis of hand sanitizers is presented and discussed.
Simulations of flow over an axisymmetric hill
Authors: Bose Rikhi , Yeo DongHun
Published: February 2021

In this report, high-Reynolds number turbulent flow around an axisymmetric hill is studied using large eddy and unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes simulations and the results are extensively validated against experiment. The boundary-layer thickness of the incoming flow is about half of the height of the hill. In the process, the dynamic Smagorinsky sub-grid scale eddy-viscosity model and a precursor forcing technique to match the experimental mean velocity profile is implemented in the computational toolbox for wind engineering, windOF which is based on the open source computational fluid dynamic solver OpenFOAM. The results show that the windOF is capable of producing reliable results with LES for this complex flow which includes complicated flow topography due to smooth-wall separation, lee-side separation, reattachment and recovery behind the hill, etc. However, URANS predictions demonstrate significant discrepancies in several flow features, specifically in the lee-side separation and recovery that are characteristic of the RANS models which only consider much smaller scale turbulence compared to the mean flow distortion scales relevant to this flow.
The Gratitude Opportunity Space
Authors: DeSouza Darcey K. , Park Song Hee , Wei Wan , Zhan Kaicheng , Bolden Galina B. , Hepburn Alexa , Mandelbaum Jenny , Mikesell Lisa , Potter Jonathan
Published: February 2021

This paper examines the situated use of expressions of gratitude and demonstrates how their precise timing matters for coordinating actions and managing relationships in social interaction. Focusing on activities that involve object passing, we introduce the concept of the gratitude opportunity space, a standard time for expressing gratitude. We explicate three discernable phases within the gratitude opportunity space for simple recruitment sequences involving an object pass (pre-delivery, on-delivery, and post-delivery positions) and explore how the gratitude opportunity space is dynamically recalibrated according to the activity underway in other activities that involve object passes (i.e., remote offers of objects and gift giving). Data are American and British English.
O trabalhador estudante em um curso de bacharelado e licenciatura em enfermagem: trajetórias e desafios
Authors: Prebill Gabriela Maria , Corrêa Adriana Katia
Published: February 2021

Nas últimas décadas, tem havido um processo de expansão do ensino superior no Brasil, considerando políticas internacionais e nacionais. A área da enfermagem insere-se também nesse processo, com expansão de vagas, principalmente em cursos noturnos em instituições de ensino superior (IES) privadas. Nesse contexto, faz-se presente a possibilidade de inserção de trabalhadores nas IES. O estudo teve como objetivo compreender a trajetória do trabalhador estudante no curso de Bacharelado e Licenciatura em Enfermagem de uma instituição de ensino superior pública. Tratou-se de estudo qualitativo, descritivo-exploratório, que utilizou entrevista semiestruturada como técnica de coleta de dados e análise  temática de conteúdo para análise dos mesmos. Envolveu trabalhadores estudantes egressos que ingressaram no curso entre os anos de 2006 e 2013. Os trabalhadores estudantes entrevistados eram, na maioria, auxiliares/técnicos em enfermagem e vislumbraram a possibilidade de conciliar trabalho e estudo ao ingressar no curso. A trajetória prévia na educação básica pública se apresentou como fator limitador para a continuação dos estudos em nível superior. A procura pelo curso relacionou-se a uma possibilidade de inserção rápida ou permanência no mercado de trabalho. Algumas vivências dos trabalhadores estudantes envolveram o não reconhecimento do direito da sua inserção, como trabalhador no curso. Os participantes valorizaram a trajetória individualizada, estando em consonância com a lógica neoliberal. Os resultados obtidos podem subsidiar reflexões sobre a forma como a inserção de trabalhadores no ensino superior tem sido compreendida nos espaços de formação docente e de tomada de decisões institucionais.
Investigação matemática e educação financeira: manifestações de aprendizagem em um curso de licenciatura
Authors: Franzoni Patricia , Quartieri Marli Teresinha
Published: February 2021

Este artigo caracteriza-se como pesquisa qualitativa e tem como objetivo investigar a aprendizagem e principais dificuldades dos licenciandos em matemática de uma universidade no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, com relação a tarefas investigativas de educação financeira, a partir de questionário metacognitivo. A metacognição está relacionada à consciência do indivíduo sobre a sua própria aprendizagem. Os dados produzidos foram analisados mediante a análise textual discursiva, surgindo duas categorias: a) Manifestações de aprendizagem e; b) Análise das dificuldades durante a resolução da tarefa. Por meio deste estudo, conclui-se que a maioria dos alunos envolvidos na pesquisa aprenderam educação financeira a partir da resolução das tarefas investigativas, análise das dificuldades e discussões com a turma. As principais dificuldades encontradas estão relacionadas à falta de conhecimento de economia; insegurança na formulação de conjecturas e generalizações, em função da dependência da utilização de formulários; ausência de prática na resolução de problemas de caráter aberto. Os pequenos grupos quando compararam seus resultados, no momento da socialização para o grande grupo, perceberam que poderiam ter escolhido outros caminhos ou que algum fator importante, que poderia ter feito parte da análise, não tinha sido considerado, o que possibilitou diversas reflexões, fortalecendo o aprendizado e o desenvolvimento do espírito crítico e colaborativo.
Docência universitária e letramento digital: desafios da formação de professores
Authors: De Assis Maria Paulina , Da Costa Elis Regina , Faleiro Wender
Published: February 2021

As escolas têm cada vez mais utilizado as tecnologias digitais, sendo comum o uso de ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem (AVA) e de rede sociais nas universidades. Surge daí a necessidade do desenvolvimento de competências para o uso das tecnologias digitais na formação docente, tratadas, neste artigo, como letramento digital. Desse modo, este artigo teve como objetivo investigar o que tem sido pesquisado sobre letramento digital no âmbito da docência universitária em publicações em língua portuguesa. Durante o mês de fevereiro de 2020, analisamos publicações a respeito de letramento digital na formação de professores, por meio de uma revisão sistemática, utilizando o Google Acadêmico, com os seguintes critérios de inclusão: publicações no período de 2010 a 2019, revisados por pares, com o termo “letramento digital”, ou “literacia digital” no título, que tratassem de formação de professores. Selecionamos 22 artigos, nos quais o foco, as palavras-chave, o problema de pesquisa e uma síntese dos principais resultados foram analisados. Os dados encontrados apontaram que os autores usam preferencialmente abordagens qualitativas, apresentam os desafios enfrentados por professores na aquisição de competências de letramento digital, mostrando alguns resultados com posições mais otimistas e outras mais céticas com relação a ações de capacitação docente. Dentre as soluções para os desafios, há sugestões para a formação dos professores, para o desenvolvimento das competências necessárias ao letramento digital. Embora esta possa ser uma solução de primeira escolha, não se pode descartar outras ações, como trabalho colaborativo entre professores e alunos, entre colegas docentes, com suporte de pesquisadores da academia.
Mulheres com deficiência na Educação Superior: afirmação de direitos e processos de autonomia
Authors: Torres Natali Esteve , Tonetto Costas Fabiane Adela
Published: February 2021

Na última década houve uma ampliação de acesso aos espaços institucionais e garantia de direitos para pessoas com deficiência através da criação de políticas afirmativas em paralelo com uma forte mobilização do movimento das mulheres na reivindicação por direitos. Diante dessas mudanças sociais e políticas inclusivas e afirmativas buscamos observar as trajetórias de mulheres com deficiência na Educação Superior com o objetivo de investigar como essa modalidade possibilita processos de autonomia de mulheres com deficiência nos aspectos sociais, culturais e políticos. Como metodologia desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa exploratória de acordo com Gil (2010) na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. A análise dos dados se deu mediante categorização dos temas, conforme Bardin (2002). As categorias trabalhadas a partir das trajetórias referem-se a: família; mudanças; experiências e aprendizagens. Como resultados refletimos acerca das possibilidades da criação de processos de autonomia dessas mulheres considerando que tais processos estão atrelados a determinantes como raça e classe social. Evidencia-se ainda a necessidade da afirmação de direitos como possibilidade de deslocar mulheres com deficiência de uma condição de dependência e falta, para compreendê-las como possuidoras de outras formas de ser e agir no mundo.
Cuestión de influencia
Authors: Vilajoana Alejandre Sandra
Published: February 2021

En los últimos años, el término influencer se ha abierto paso en las estrategias de comunicación y relaciones públicas de empresas e instituciones. Los clásicos líderes de opinión, los prescriptores con los que toda marca desea contar, amplifican –hoy más que nunca– su capacidad de influencia a través de los medios digitales y las redes sociales. No obstante, en cuestión de influencia, no todo vale. Contenido de calidad, transparencia y coherencia son las principales claves del éxito.
¿Cuándo se te irá esa barriga? Imágenes y narrativas post matern en las redes sociales
Authors: San Cornelio Gemma
Published: February 2021

Esta historia, como casi todas, tiene su origen en una experiencia personal: andaba el mes de febrero disfrutando del permiso de maternidad de mi segundo hijo en el momento que se aparecieron varias noticias relativas a mujeres que habían publicado selfies poco después de haber dado a luz. Estas acciones compartían la reivindicación del cuerpo natural -en oposición a las imágenes de cuerpos perfectos- que a menudo muestran determinadas celebrities, incluso después del parto. ¿Qué narrativas están presentes en este tipo de acciones e imágenes? En el presente artículo lo analizo brevemente en el contexto del proyecto Selfiestories y personal data.
Mujer y gamer, ¿librando batalla en territorio hostil?
Authors: Martínez Martínez Silvia
Published: February 2021

La industria del videojuego y del juego digital configura un sector económico de gran importancia en la actualidad. A pesar de formar parte del ecosistema mediático y tratarse de un objeto cultural, la imagen social del videojuego ha estado marcada por la presencia de una visión crítica y de numerosos prejuicios. En este contexto el papel de la mujer, y más concretamente de la mujer gamer, también ha estado en el punto de mira; la cuestión de fondo es distinguir cuándo se habla de batallas ficticias o, por el contrario, de un entorno real hostil.
Rumores que no acalla ni Dios
Authors: Sivera Sílvia
Published: February 2021

16 de noviembre de 2016, estadio Bicentenario de la ciudad de San Juan, a más de mil kilómetros al oeste de Buenos Aires. La selección argentina de fútbol gana a la colombiana por tres goles en partido decisivo de la fase eliminatoria para el Mundial de Rusia 2018. Después de una racha largamente nefasta para el combinado que lidera Leo Messi, se esperaba que la comparecencia de los jugadores ante los medios fuera una fiesta. Pero no, no fue así.
DNA methylation meta-analysis reveals cellular alterations in psychosis and markers of treatment-resistant schizophrenia
Authors: Hannon Eilis , Dempster Emma L , Mansell Georgina , Burrage Joe , Bass Nick , Bohlken Marc M , Corvin Aiden , Curtis Charles J , Dempster David , Di Forti Marta , Dinan Timothy G , Donohoe Gary , Gaughran Fiona , Gill Michael , Gillespie Amy , Gunasinghe Cerisse , Hulshoff Hilleke E , Hultman Christina M , Johansson Viktoria , Kahn René S , Kaprio Jaakko , Kenis Gunter , Kowalec Kaarina , MacCabe James , McDonald Colm , McQuillin Andrew , Morris Derek W , Murphy Kieran C , Mustard Colette J , Nenadic Igor , O'Donovan Michael C , Quattrone Diego , Richards Alexander L , Rutten Bart PF , St Clair David , Therman Sebastian , Toulopoulou Timothea , Van Os Jim , Waddington John L ,   Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (WTCCC),   CRESTAR consortium, Sullivan Patrick , Vassos Evangelos , Breen Gerome , Collier David Andrew , Murray Robin M , Schalkwyk Leonard S , Mill Jonathan
Published: February 2021

We performed a systematic analysis of blood DNA methylation profiles from 4483 participants from seven independent cohorts identifying differentially methylated positions (DMPs) associated with psychosis, schizophrenia, and treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Psychosis cases were characterized by significant differences in measures of blood cell proportions and elevated smoking exposure derived from the DNA methylation data, with the largest differences seen in treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients. We implemented a stringent pipeline to meta-analyze epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) results across datasets, identifying 95 DMPs associated with psychosis and 1048 DMPs associated with schizophrenia, with evidence of colocalization to regions nominated by genetic association studies of disease. Many schizophrenia-associated DNA methylation differences were only present in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia, potentially reflecting exposure to the atypical antipsychotic clozapine. Our results highlight how DNA methylation data can be leveraged to identify physiological (e.g., differential cell counts) and environmental (e.g., smoking) factors associated with psychosis and molecular biomarkers of treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
TRex, a fast multi-animal tracking system with markerless identification, and 2D estimation of posture and visual fields
Authors: Walter Tristan , Couzin Iain D
Published: February 2021

Automated visual tracking of animals is rapidly becoming an indispensable tool for the study of behavior. It offers a quantitative methodology by which organisms’ sensing and decision-making can be studied in a wide range of ecological contexts. Despite this, existing solutions tend to be challenging to deploy in practice, especially when considering long and/or high-resolution video-streams. Here, we present TRex, a fast and easy-to-use solution for tracking a large number of individuals simultaneously using background-subtraction with real-time (60 Hz) tracking performance for up to approximately 256 individuals and estimates 2D visual-fields, outlines, and head/rear of bilateral animals, both in open and closed-loop contexts. Additionally, TRex offers highly accurate, deep-learning-based visual identification of up to approximately 100 unmarked individuals, where it is between 2.5 and 46.7 times faster, and requires 2–10 times less memory, than comparable software (with relative performance increasing for more organisms/longer videos) and provides interactive data-exploration within an intuitive, platform-independent graphical user-interface.
Optimal sequence for chain matrix multiplication using evolutionary algorithm
Authors: Iqbal Umer , Shoukat Ijaz Ali , Elahi Ihsan , Kanwal Afshan , Farrukh Bakhtawar , A. Alqahtani Mohammed , Rauf Abdul , Alqurni Jehad Saad
Published: February 2021

The Chain Matrix Multiplication Problem (CMMP) is an optimization problem that helps to find the optimal way of parenthesization for Chain Matrix Multiplication (CMM). This problem arises in various scientific applications such as in electronics, robotics, mathematical programing, and cryptography. For CMMP the researchers have proposed various techniques such as dynamic approach, arithmetic approach, and sequential multiplication. However, these techniques are deficient for providing optimal results for CMMP in terms of computational time and significant amount of scalar multiplication. In this article, we proposed a new model to minimize the Chain Matrix Multiplication (CMM) operations based on group counseling optimizer (GCO). Our experimental results and their analysis show that the proposed GCO model has achieved significant reduction of time with efficient speed when compared with sequential chain matrix multiplication approach. The proposed model provides good performance and reduces the multiplication operations varying from 45% to 96% when compared with sequential multiplication. Moreover, we evaluate our results with the best known dynamic programing and arithmetic multiplication approaches, which clearly demonstrate that proposed model outperforms in terms of computational time and space complexity.
Impact of Posttraumatic Growth and Health Promoting Behavior on Quality of Life in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer
Authors: Kim Mi-Ae , Lee Hyun-Ju
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of posttraumatic growth and health promoting behavior on quality of life (QOL) of patients with gastrointestinal cancer.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional, descriptive design. Participants were 142 patients with gastrointestinal cancer who were seen at Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences in Busan. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 23.0 program.Results: The results show that QOL had a significant correlation with posttraumatic growth (r=.24, p=.004) and health promoting behavior (r=.49, p<.001). Posttraumatic growth had a significant correlation with health promoting behavior (r=.54, p<.001). Multiple regression analysis for QOL revealed that the most powerful predictor was stress management in the sub-area of health promoting behavior. Stress management, coping skills, preciousness of life, diagnosis and duration since diagnosis explained 38.0% of the variance in QOL.Conclusion: Findings indicate that various factors are related to the QOL of patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Based on the results of this study, further development and application of specific nursing programs to improve posttraumatic growth and health promoting behavior with a focus on improving stress management and coping ability, are needed to improve the QOL of gastrointestinal cancer patients.
The Effect of a Job Stress Management Program Based on Acceptance-Commitment Therapy for Firefighting Paramedics
Authors: Lee Jae Woon , Ha Jae-Hyun
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an acceptance-commitment therapy (ACT) based job stress management programs for firefighting paramedics and to examine the effects on the psychological flexibility, job stress (i.e. psychological, physiological and behavioral areas) and quality of life.Methods: This study consisted of a pre-test-posttest for a nonequivalent control group design. Participants were 45 firefighting paramedics working at two fire stations located in specific areas (experimental group: 22, control group: 23). The experimental group received the ACT based job stress management program twice a week for a total of 3 weeks. The study was carried out from August 12 to 31, 2019, and data were analyzed using IBM SPSS/WIN 25.0 with a x2 test, Fisher's exact test, and independent t-test.Results: The differences between experimental and control groups were statistically significant for psychological flexibility (t=4.91, p<.001), psychological job stress (t=-6.10, p<.001) and quality of life (t=3.78, p<.001). However, physiological stress (t=-1.91, p=.063) and behavioral stress (t=-1.18, p=.243) were not significantly different between the two groups.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that ACT based job stress management program can be used as an effective community mental health nursing intervention to improve the psychological flexibility, psychological job stress and quality of life of firefighting paramedics.
A REVIEW ON VIVARTHA VAADA: ITS IMPLICATIONS IN SWASTHA, ROGI AND CHIKITSA
Authors: V P Radhika , Alias Chinju , A Vishnu , R Braivin Camly
Published: February 2021

The science of Ayurveda has its base in the darshanas. Ayurveda adopts the theories from darshanas with necessary modifications so as to suit its practical utility. Vaada is the methodology of discussion proposed by darshanas. Indian philosophers used vaada to unveil the unknown from known and Ayurveda utilises all the available philosophies according to the context to justify its aim i.e to prevent and cure diseases. Vivartavaada is the theory of causation propounded by Vedantha. Vivartavaada and its concepts being pure philosophical cannot be as such applied in Ayurveda as it is a practical science, but the concepts of avidya, maya, adhyasa, and athma that it upholds is an integral part of Ayurveda as it is a holistic science involving both the body and the mind. This article briefly discusses the concepts postulated in Vivarthavaada and its implications in swastha, rogi and chikitsa.
A REVIEW ON PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION OF ARKA LAVANA: THE FORMULATION OF UPAVISHA ARKA
Authors: Vasudeorao Chandankhede Aditi , Pramodrao Anjankar Meghsham , Vithalrao Nikam Ashwin , Venkatrao Pawade Uday
Published: February 2021

Arka lavana is a well-recognised and highly effective Lavana kalpana. Lavana preparations are widely and largely prepared in pharmacy as well as used by practitioners of Ayurveda for different ailments. In Lavana kalpana particular heating pattern is followed for drug along with lavana in a sharava (earthen crucible) by subjecting it to putapaka. Arka lavana is one of the commonly used preparation containing very safe and easily available herbo-mineral drugs. It is mentioned in various classical texts like Bhaishajya ratnavali, Rasatarangini, Vangasen, Gadanigraha etc. A scrutiny of classical literature revealed use of Arka lavana in Yakrit-pleeha roga, Gulma, Ajirna, Agnimandya and Udara. Sufficient literary, preclinical and clinical data is not available to prove its mode of action. Thus, present study aims to review all possible references of Arka lavana and formulation ingredients to establish its probable mode of action.
Academic Fraud in Online System during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Lampung - Indonesia
Authors: Purwatmiasih Fajar , Sudrajat . , Oktavia Reni
Published: February 2021

This study aims to find indications of academic fraud in the implementation of final semester assessment online from the perspective of diamond fraud theory consisting of four dimensions; pressure, opportunity, rationalization, and capability. This quantitative study with a questionnaire created with Microsoft Form to collect the required data. This research was conducted in Lampung Tengah on December 14, 2020, from 07.30 to 15.00 WIB using the Microsoft Form questionnaire. The number of samples in this study was 81. Respondents in this study were 3 vocational high school students in Lampung Tengah Regency who participated in the final semester assessment online. The data obtained is processed using the line analysis method with Smart PLS 3.3.2 software. The results showed that pressures and opportunities have no significant effect on academic cheating in the implementation of final semester assessment online. While rationalization and positive ability have a significant effect on academic cheating in the assessment of the final semester online. In addition to the impact of academic fraud, the results of this study provide solutions to reduce the occurrence of academic fraud in Vocational High School students conducted online.
Self-Efficacy of Teachers in Managing Inclusive Classroom Behavior: An Analysis
Authors: Sarkar Subhash , Kundu Pinku
Published: February 2021

Classroom management, a plaguing aspect of the teaching-learning process over the past century is the single skill that has contributed to self-efficacy of teachers and achievement of students. Self-efficacy, standing at the core of social cognitive theory has contributed in teachers’ ability to achieve desired outcome in the classroom. In the present study, an attempt has been made to analyze the relationship between classroom behavior management and self-efficacy of teachers and to identify the strategies for effective classroom behavior management from the literature.  The relationship between teachers’ classroom behavior management and self-efficacy beliefs is cyclic. Teachers with higher self-efficacy are more prone to use effective strategies resulting more student achievement which in turn causes higher self-efficacy of teachers. Identifying behavioral demands of the mainstreamed classroom, school wide discipline, peer- relationship establishment, affective education strategies, problem solving approach, self-management intervention, promoting positive behavior and decreasing inappropriate behavior are some of the effective strategies found in the literature which have effective implications in teacher education program which are still lacking in the revamped teacher education curriculum in our country and most importantly, teachers are to be trained in selecting and implementing respective strategies according to the situational demand and the individual needs of the students.
Affordances of Flipped Classrooms: Unveiling the Paradox of Basics and Key Principles of Flipped Learning
Authors: Verma Shashi , Tiwari Ritesh Kumar , Singh Lalit
Published: February 2021

The flipped classroom is an active, student-centered strategy that has been developed to enhance the quality of the classroom era. For many years up till now, language experts have been seeking better ways to teach and learn. Flipped learning in the classroom that spreads rapidly throughout the world is not well established. All through the history of teaching and learning, traditional methods have come and gone. Despite traditional methods, modern methods tend to be more of a student-centered, constructivist, inquiry-based one. "Flipped learning" is an eye-catching model that has recently become popular. This article seeks to provide perspectives into flipped classes: roles, processes, and step-by-step what really happens inside and outside! That is to attract attention to its potential in the education field and provide to make it recognize more by educators and researchers. To this end, it has been tried to clarify the benefits and constraints of what flipped classroom strategy is all about.
Recent Studies on the Therapeutic and Prophylactic Effect of Some Agents on Experimental Induced Parkinson Disease Models Review
Authors: Hassan I. M. , Abdullahi A. M.
Published: February 2021

Neurodegeneration include disease of the central nervous system (CNS) such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). The sign of this disease include destruction of dopaminergic neuronal cells. Main causes of this disease are unknown, but several studies reported polygenic causes. These include free radicals, malfunction of mitochondria, protein oxidation and DNA denaturation. Several reports implicated the involvement of oxygen species and stresses cause by over accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the contribution to the cascade that resulted in diminishing of dopamine cells destruction in this disease. Generally, natural defensive substances such as bio-cartelized (proteineous and non proteineous) from natural or synthetic sources played a unique role in protecting the susceptible neuronal cells from the adverse effects of the reactive oxygen species. In most cases antioxidant enzyme production by the body system diminished with advance age. Hence, treatment with antioxidant potential agent or administration of antioxidant substance with the common drugs used in the treatment of PD may yield positive result in protecting neurons from degenerative changes caused by reactive oxygen species. Recent studies on the therapeutic and prophylactic effect of some agents on experimental induced PD summarized in this review paper.
Effect of Exogenous Hormonal Stimulation on the Metabolic Partition between Plant Growth and Rubber Production of Hevea brasiliensis Clones According to the Class of Metabolic Activity in Cote d'ivoire
Authors: Irénée Lehi Malidy , Djezou Konan , Mathurin Okoma Koffi , Naté Yoboue Ange , Séraphin Konan Kouakou , Michel Zouzou , Samuel Obouayeba
Published: February 2021

Aims: In order to achieve a good and sustainable harvest of Hevea brasiliensis rubber, the effect of exogenous hormonal stimulation on the metabolic partition growth-production of clones according to the class of metabolic activity was made.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted for 9 years in the San-Pedro region in south-west Ivory Coast, precisely in the experimental industrial plantations of the former HEVEGO, now Southwestern Agricultural Civil Society Société (SCASO).

Methodology and Results: The rubber trees were planted at a density of 510 trees/ha in a completely randomised system. They were bled in S/2 d4 and stimulated to 2.5% Etephon at annual frequencies of 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 13, 18, 26, 39 and 78. The parameters measured were rubber production, trunk circumference, sucrose content, inorganic phosphorus, thiol groups and dry notch rate. The results showed that productivity increased with the intensity of stimulation (58.96 - 68.49 g.a-1.s-1 ; 39.83 - 66.69 g.a-1.s-1) over the intervals [0.6] and [0.26] stimulations respectively in clones with active and slow metabolism. The circumference of the trunk was marked by a less pronounced decrease in growth in slow metabolizing clones (0.52%) with good protection of the laticigene system (R-SH : 0.815 mmol.l-1) and low sensitivity to dry notching (1.6). Whatever the classes of metabolic activity of the clones, the agrophysiological parameters were strongly correlated with each other by a degree 2 polynomial function.

Conclusion: This polynomial function seems to reflect the existence of a good state of equilibrium between laticigenic metabolism and vegetative growth according to the class of metabolic activity of the Hevea brasiliensis clones.
Designing Staircase for Age-Friendly Housing
Authors: Fareq R. Unesha , Neeraja T.
Published: February 2021

Aim: The study aimed to design a staircase for age-friendly housing by discovering the gap between existing staircase design and requirements of the elderly people.

Sample: Sixty elderly women in the age of sixty and above who were living independently in a separate house was the criteria for the selection of sample. Purposive sampling technique was adopted to draw the sample.

Study Design:  Ex post facto research design was adopted for the study.

Place and Duration of Study: The area selected to conduct the study were the Kurnool and Nandyal towns of Kurnool District of Andhra Pradesh. The study was conducted in the year 2019-2020.

Methodology: The design recommendations for staircase in elderly housing proposed by various researchers served as yardstick to identify the existing staircase features in the elderly houses. An interview cum observation schedule was developed for gathering information about the existing staircase features in elderly houses. The elderly houses were physically observed by the investigator. The existing staircase features were measured in terms of above the recommendations, exactly as per the recommendations and below the recommendations with scores of 3,2 and 1 respectively. The elderly people were asked to express their requirements for staircase design in terms of essential, preferred and neutral with scores of 3,2,1 respectively. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for the existing staircase and requirements of elderly houses. Chi square analysis was performed to find out the relationship between existing staircase features and requirements of the elderly people. Taking into consideration of the elderly people requirements, staircase design was developed.

Results and Conclusion: The design of handrails, risers and treads of staircase was not found  as per the recommendations in most of the houses. Staircase with wider treads and lower risers were the features felt essential in designing a staircase by most of the elderly people. Staircase that facilitates safety and easy use was designed for the elderly housing as per the recommendations.