bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A three years antimicrobials consumption in Ethiopia from 2017 to 2019: A cross- sectional study
Authors: Tirfe Million , Alemu Asnakech , Alemu Wondie , Woldearegay Mengistab , Asfaw Getachew , Gerba Heran , Kadi Duru , Fentie Atalay Mulu
Published: April 2023

Background

The widespread use and misuse of antimicrobials are the major driving factor for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that threatens the health of human beings globally. Thus, monitoring antimicrobial consumption at national level is crucial to prevent and contain AMR. Nevertheless, there is no well-established system for recording and reporting of antimicrobial consumption in Ethiopia. Hence, the national antimicrobial consumption survey was conducted to generate evidence for decision-making on the appropriate use of antimicrobials in Ethiopia and tackle AMR.

Methods

All imported and locally manufactured antimicrobials from 2017 to 2019 were from the Ethiopian Food and Drug Authority and local manufacturers database, respectively. Data were collected and analyzed descriptively in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) and defined daily doses (DDD) classification and methodology.

Results

The average DDD/1,000 inhabitants for all antimicrobials was 15.36. The DDD/1,000 inhabitants fell down sharply from 37.03 in 2017 to 4.30 in 2018, before slightly rising to 4.75 in 2019. The majority of the consumed antimicrobials were comprised of oral antimicrobials (98.6%), while parenteral antimicrobials made up 1.4%. Tetracyclines (35.81%), fluoroquinolones (20.19%), macrolides (13.92%), antiretrovirals (10.57%), and cephalosporins (9.63%) were the most frequently consumed classes of antimicrobials during the three years period. About 75.83% of the consumed antimicrobials fall under the WHO AWaRe classification and 67.87% of antimicrobial consumption was from the WHO Access class medications, with Watch and Reserve classes accounting for 32.13% and <1%, respectively. Similarly, about 86.90% of the antimicrobials fall under the Ethiopian AWaRe classification, with Access, Watch, and Reserve accounting for 87.73%, 12.26%, and <1%, respectively.

Conclusion

Due to the peculiarities of our settings, our findings may have some similarities and differences with similar studies from other countries. Hence, we recommend for all concerned bodies to work collaboratively to improve monitoring of antimicrobial consumption at different levels of the Ethiopian healthcare tier system. Future work is necessary to establish a strong system of reporting of antimicrobial consumption patterns in Ethiopia.
A longitudinal seroepidemiology study to evaluate antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection and vaccination in children in Calgary, Canada from July 2020 to April 2022: Alberta COVID-19 Childhood Cohort (AB3C) Study
Authors: Doucette Emily J. , Gray Joslyn , Fonseca Kevin , Charlton Carmen , Kanji Jamil N. , Tipples Graham , Kuhn Susan , Dunn Jessica , Sayers Payton , Symonds Nicola , Wu Guosong , Freedman Stephen B. , Kellner James D.
Published: April 2023

Background

Measurement of SARS-CoV-2 antibody seropositivity is important to accurately understand exposure to infection and/or vaccination in specific populations. This study aimed to estimate the serologic response to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection and vaccination in children in Calgary, Alberta over a two-year period.

Methods

Children with or without prior SARS-CoV-2 infections, were enrolled in Calgary, Canada in 2020. Venous blood was sampled 4 times from July 2020 to April 2022 for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and spike antibodies. Demographic and clinical information was obtained including SARS-CoV-2 testing results and vaccination records.

Results

1035 children were enrolled and 88.9% completed all 4 visits; median age 9 years (IQR: 5,13); 519 (50.1%) female; and 815 (78.7%) Caucasian. Before enrolment, 118 (11.4%) had confirmed or probable SARS-CoV-2. By April 2022, 39.5% of previously uninfected participants had a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nucleocapsid antibody seropositivity declined to 16.4% of all infected children after more than 200 days post diagnosis. Spike antibodies remained elevated in 93.6% of unvaccinated infected children after more than 200 days post diagnosis. By April 2022, 408 (95.6%) children 12 years and older had received 2 or more vaccine doses, and 241 (61.6%) 5 to 11 year-old children had received 2 vaccine doses. At that time, all 685 vaccinated children had spike antibodies, compared with 94/176 (53.4%) of unvaccinated children.

Conclusions

In our population, after the first peak of Omicron variant infections and introduction of COVID-19 vaccines for children, all vaccinated children, but just over one-half of unvaccinated children, had SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies indicating infection and/or vaccination, highlighting the benefit of vaccination. It is not yet known whether a high proportion of seropositivity at the present time predicts sustained population-level protection against future SARS-CoV-2 transmission, infection or severe COVID-19 outcomes in children.
The high burden of comorbidities in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians living with chronic hepatitis B in Far North Queensland, Australia, and the implications for patient management
Authors: Riddell Jordan , Hempenstall Allison , Nakata Yoko , Gregson Sandra , Hayes Richard , Smith Simon , Coates Marlow , Charlie Lizzie , Perrett Christine , Newie Victoria , Newie Tomi , Radlof Sharna , Hanson Josh
Published: April 2023

Background

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection have a significant burden of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The prevalence of comorbidities that increase the risk of HCC in this population is incompletely defined.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was performed in remote tropical Queensland, Australia in January 2021. All individuals living with chronic HBV in the region were identified; the prevalence of relevant comorbidities was determined by reviewing medical records.

Results

All 236 individuals in the cohort identified as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians; their median (interquartile range (IQR)) age was 48 (40–62) years; 120/236 (50.9%) were female. Of the 194/236 (82.2%) engaged in HBV care, 61 (31.4%) met criteria for HBV therapy and 38 (62.2%) were receiving it. However, 142/236 (60.2%) were obese, 73/236 (30.9%) were current smokers and 57/236 (24.2%) were drinking alcohol hazardously; 70/236 (29.7%) had ≥2 of these additional risk factors for HCC, only 43/236 (18.2%) had none. Among the 19 patients with confirmed cirrhosis, 9 (47%) were obese, 8 (42%) were currently—or had a history of—drinking alcohol hazardously and 5 (26.3%) were current smokers. Patients also had a median (IQR) of 3 (2–4) cardiovascular risk factors (cigarette smoking, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidaemia, renal impairment/proteinuria). Only 9/236 (3.8%) did not have one of these 5 comorbidities.

Conclusions

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians living with chronic HBV in this region of remote Australia have a high engagement with HBV care and the majority of individuals eligible for antiviral therapy are receiving it. However, a significant comorbidity burden increases their risk of cirrhosis, HCC, and premature death. It is essential to integrate chronic HBV care with management of these comorbidities—rather than focusing on HBV alone—to achieve optimal health outcomes.
Analysis of the medical residency matching algorithm to validate and improve equity
Authors: Mascarenhas Briance , Puranam Kartikeye
Published: April 2023

Algorithms are becoming prevalent but are often opaque and need external validation to assess whether or not they meet their purported objectives. The purpose of this study is to validate, using the limited information available, the algorithm used by the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) whose intention is to match applicants to medical residencies based on applicants’ prioritized preferences. The methodology involved first using randomized computer-generated data to overcome the inaccessible proprietary data on applicant and program rankings. Simulations using these data were run through the compiled algorithm’s procedures to obtain match outcomes. The study’s findings are that the current algorithm’s matches are related to program input but not to applicant input, the applicant’s prioritized ranking of programs. A modified algorithm with student input as the primary factor is then developed and run using the same data, resulting in match outcomes that are related to both applicant and program inputs, improving equity.
Personal and relational changes following deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: A prospective qualitative study with patients and caregivers
Authors: Thomson Cassandra J. , Segrave Rebecca A. , Fitzgerald Paul B. , Richardson Karyn E. , Racine Eric , Carter Adrian
Published: April 2023

Objective

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) and whether it alters patient personality is a much-debated topic within academic literature, yet rarely explored with those directly involved. This study qualitatively examined how DBS for treatment-resistant depression impacts patient personality, self-concept, and relationships from the perspectives of both patients and caregivers.

Methods

A prospective qualitative design was used. Eleven participants were included (six patients, five caregivers). Patients were enrolled in a clinical trial of DBS of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants before DBS-implantation and 9-months after stimulation-initiation. The 21 interviews were thematically analysed.

Results

Three primary themes were identified: (a) impact of mental illness and treatment on self-concept; (b) device acceptability and usability, and (c) relationships and connection. Severe refractory depression had profoundly impacted who patients were, how they viewed themselves, and the quality and functioning of their relationships. Patients who benefited from DBS felt reconnected with their premorbid self, yet still far from their ideal self. While reductions in depression were broadly beneficial for relationships, the process of adjusting relationship dynamics created new challenges. All patients reported recharging difficulties and challenges adapting to the device.

Conclusions

Therapeutic response to DBS is a gradual and complex process that involves an evolving self-concept, adjusting relationship dynamics, and growing connection between body and device. This is the first study to provide in-depth insight into the lived experience of DBS for treatment-resistant depression. Patient and caregiver narrative accounts should be routinely collected to guide more person-centred DBS clinical interventions.
Functional impact of cardiac implanted devices on ipsilateral shoulder range of motion, scapular mobility, and self-reported quality of life
Authors: Cosgun Cansu , Cosgun Muharrem Said , Buyukturan Oznur , Buyukturan Buket
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Shoulder disorders may occur for procedural reasons in patients fitted with a cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED). This study aimed to examine the effects of CIED implantation on shoulder functions and scapular dyskinesis.

Materials and methods

Thirty patients fitted with a CIED formed the study group (SG), whilst 30 participants without a CIED formed the control group (CG). The range of motion (ROM), grip strength, lateral scapular slide test (static), scapular dyskinesis test (dynamic), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) Shoulder Score, and the Short Form-36 Health Survey (Physical and Mental Component Summary [PCS and MCS]) were applied in the study.

Results

The shoulder’s mean flexion and abduction ROM on the implant side were found to be significantly lower in the SG than the CG (p = .016 and p = .001, respectively). Similarly, a significant grip strength loss on the implant side was detected in the SG than in the CG (p = .036). Static and dynamic scapular dyskinesis frequencies were shown to be significantly higher in the SG than in the CG (p = .002 and p< .001, respectively). The ASES Shoulder Score and PCS score were significantly lower in the SG than in the CG (p = .014 and p = .007, respectively). However, no difference was revealed between the two groups with respect to the contralateral upper limb.

Conclusion

The frequency of scapular dyskinesis and disability was higher, and upper limb functions, grip strength, and physical subdivision of quality of life decreased in CIED recipients. These findings suggest that such parameters should be included in physiotherapy assessment and treatment programs.
Estimates of short sleep duration among US rural and urban women with prediabetes
Authors: Tran Phoebe , Shelton Brittany , Tran Liem
Published: April 2023

Background

Short sleep duration (SSD) (<7 hours/night) is linked with increased risk of prediabetes to diabetes progression. Despite a high diabetes burden in US rural women, existing research does not provide SSD estimates for this population.

Methods

We used national Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys to conduct a cross-sectional study examining SSD estimates for US women with prediabetes by rural/urban residence between 2016–2020. We applied logistic regression models to the BRFSS dataset to ascertain associations between rural/urban residence status and SSD prior to and following adjustment for sociodemographic factors (age, race, education, income, health care coverage, having a personal doctor).

Results

Our study included 20,997 women with prediabetes (33.7% rural). SSD prevalence was similar between rural (35.5%, 95% CI: 33.0%-38.0%) and urban women (35.4%, 95% CI: 33.7%-37.1). Rural residence was not associated with SSD among US women with prediabetes prior to adjustment (Odds Ratio: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.87–1.14) or following adjustment for sociodemographic factors (Adjusted Odds Ratio: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.92–1.22). Among women with prediabetes, irrespective of rural/urban residence status, being Black, aged <65 years, and earning <$50,000 was linked with significantly higher odds of having SSD.

Conclusions

Despite the finding that SSD estimates among women with prediabetes did not vary by rural/urban residence status, 35% of rural women with prediabetes had SSD. Efforts to reduce diabetes burden in rural areas may benefit from incorporating strategies to improve sleep duration along with other known diabetes risk factors among rural women with prediabetes from certain sociodemographic backgrounds.
Towards a posthuman turn in drag: Will the queer ever be human?
Authors: Prins Kai , Zitzelsberger Florian
Published: April 2023

What is drag? (How) can we understand drag performance beyond gender? Given the growing trend in drag performance towards the un/gendered non/post/in/human, we reconsider what, precisely, makes a performance drag. Integrating insights from queer theory, performance studies and critical posthumanism, this editorial develops a framework to not only provide an orientation to the individual contributions of this Special Issue, but also argue for a larger theoretical turn in drag scholarship. We consider the composite materiality of and relationship between the human performer and their posthuman drag, and propose that the act of dragging, which can use, but does not exclusively rely on gender, constitutes a more expansive queer performance modality that makes the familiar strange, yet allows for recognition in what is otherwise unintelligible. Posthuman drag celebrates the abject, the marginal and the un/imaginable, shifts the focus from disaster to potentiality and imagines a future in which queers can be human.
Queering Drag: Redefining the Discourse of Gender-Bending, Meredith Heller (2020)
Authors: Zitzelsberger Florian
Published: April 2023

Review of: Queering Drag: Redefining the Discourse of Gender-Bending, Meredith Heller (2020)

Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 233 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-35008-294-6, h/bk, $85.00

ISBN 978-0-25304-565-2, p/bk, $25.00

ISBN 978-0-25304-567-6, e-book, $12.99
Premenstrual Syndrome and Mindfulness: the mediating effect of Perceived Social Support and health-related quality of life among deaf/hard of hearing women
Authors: Alkahtani Mohammed Ali , Alqahtani Hanadi , Melhem Tameem
Published: April 2023

The purpose is to explore the relationship between Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and Mindfulness as well as the mediating role of Perceived Social Support (PSS) and health-related quality of Life (HRQoL) among deaf/hard-of-hearing women. This is a cross-sectional study. An overall sample of 202 participants was selected. Path analysis was used. As indicated by the results, PMS correlated significantly with Mindfulness, PSS and HRQoL. Moreover, Mindfulness correlated significantly and positively with PSS and HRQoL. Besides, there is a significant negative relationship between PSS and HRQoL. PMS has direct effects on PSS and HRQoL. In addition, both PSS and HRQoL have immediate impacts on Mindfulness. To conclude, this study examined and confirmed the relationship between PMS and Mindfulness as mediated by PSS and HRQoL among deaf/hard-of-hearing women.
Proton Pump Inhibitors Increase the Risk of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug-Related Small-Bowel Injury: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Xian , Xiao Xue , Chen Ping-Run , Li Yi-Na , Lv Xiu-He , Yang Jin-Lin
Published: April 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Conflicting results exist on the association between proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-related small-bowel damage. The aim of this study was to determine whether PPIs increased the risk of NSAID-related small-bowel damage by meta-analysis.

METHODS:

A systematic electronic search in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted from the time the database was created until March 31, 2022, for studies reporting associations between PPI use and outcomes, including the endoscopy-verified prevalence of small-bowel injury, mean number of small-bowel injuries per patient, change in hemoglobin level, and risk of small-bowel bleeding in subjects taking NSAIDs. Meta-analytical calculations for odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) were performed with the random-effects model and interpreted with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

RESULTS:

Fourteen studies comprising 1996 subjects were included. Pooled analysis demonstrated that concomitant use of PPIs significantly increased the prevalence and number of endoscopy-verified small-bowel injuries (prevalence: OR = 3.00; 95% CI: 1.74–5.16; number: MD = 2.30; 95% CI: 0.61–3.99) and decreased hemoglobin levels (MD = −0.50 g/dL; 95% CI: 0.88 to −0.12) in NSAID users but did not change the risk of small-bowel bleeding (OR = 1.24; 95% CI: 0.80–1.92). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that PPIs significantly increased the prevalence of small-bowel injury in subjects taking nonselective NSAIDs (OR = 7.05; 95% CI: 4.70–10.59, 4 studies, I2 = 0) and COX-2 inhibitors (OR = 4.00; 95% CI: 1.18–13.60, 1 study, no calculated I2) when compared with COX-2 inhibitors alone.

DISCUSSION:

PPIs increased the risk of NSAID-related small-bowel damage, and the clinical significance of higher prevalence of small-bowel injuries should be studied in the future.
Activating Transnational Advocacy Networks: Ida B. Wells and Mainstreaming Antilynching
Authors: Dudney Deeb Anna Miriam
Published: April 2023

Antilynching activists in the United States have agitated to establish criminal civil rights violations for lynching for more than a century. Ida B. Wells, a renowned antilynching activist, tapped into and expanded upon existing transnational advocacy networks to mainstream antilynching rhetorics across borders in the late nineteenth century. This essay analyzes Wells's dispatches to the Chicago Daily Inter-Ocean during her 1894 transatlantic antilynching tour. I argue that Wells provides an example of how rhetors can mainstream social justice issues through transnational advocacy networks by refuting and recirculating key arguments, which in turn amplifies them to exert pressure on potential change agents. As activists work to stem modern-day violence that persists with frightening similarities to the lynching violence of the 1890s, Wells's strategy of amplification provides further insight into transnational rhetorical movement and efforts to mainstream social justice issues across borders.
COLLABORATIVE FILTERING APPROACH: SKINCARE PRODUCT RECOMMENDATION USING SINGULAR VALUE DECOMPOSITION (SVD)
Authors: Nissa Farhatun , Primandari Arum Handini , Thalib Achmad Kurniansyah
Published: April 2023

The recommendation system provides recommendations for something, be it goods, songs, or movies. The term system is not limited to a service system but concerns a model that can provide recommendations. With recent technological advances, many companies provide various skincare products because current generations are increasingly aware of self-care. With various choices, someone may experience confusion in determining the product they want to buy. Therefore, we need a system that can provide product recommendations run on any platform we use. The most common method for recommendation systems often comes with Collaborating Filtering (CF) where it relies on the past user and item dataset. The singular value decomposition (SVD) method uses a matrix factorization technique that predict the user's rating based on historical ratings. The measurement of the model's accuracy is the RMSE average of 1.01276, indicating that this value results from the best parameters. The results focus on showing skincare product recommendations to users sorted based on rating predictions.
COMPARISON OF SMOTE RANDOM FOREST AND SMOTE K-NEAREST NEIGHBORS CLASSIFICATION ANALYSIS ON IMBALANCED DATA
Authors: Prasetya Jus , Abdurakhman Abdurakhman
Published: April 2023

In machine learning study, classification analysis aims to minimize misclassification and also maximize the results of prediction accuracy. The main characteristic of this classification problem is that there is one class that significantly exceeds the number of samples of other classes. SMOTE minority class data is studied and extrapolated so that it can produce new synthetic samples. Random forest is a classification method consisting of a combination of mutually independent classification trees. K-Nearest Neighbors which is a classification method that labels the new sample based on the nearest neighbors of the new sample. SMOTE generates synthesis data in the minority class, namely class 1 (cervical cancer) to 585 observation respondents (samples) so that the total observation respondents are 1208 samples. SMOTE random forest resulted an accuracy of 96.28%, sensitivity 99.17%, specificity 93.44%, precision 93.70%, and AUC 96.30%. SMOTE K-Nearest Neighborss resulted an accuracy of 87.60%, sensitivity 77.50%, specificity 97.54%, precision 96.88%, and AUC 82.27%. SMOTE random forest produces a perfect classification model, SMOTE K-Nearest neighbors classification produces a good classification model, while the random forest and K-Nearest neighbors classification on imbalanced data results a failed classification model.
THE GGE BIPLOT ON RCIM MODEL FOR ASSESSING THE GENOTYPE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION WITH SIMULATING OUTLIERS: ROBUSTNESS IN R-SQUARED PROCRUSTES
Authors: Hadi Alfian Futuhul , Sa'diyah Halimatus , Wicaksono Dimas Bagus Cahyaningrat
Published: April 2023

The genotype by environment interaction (GEI) analysis was usually done by Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model with Biplot features, and recently there was a Row Column Interaction Model (RCIM) alternatively. In the Biplot of genotype (G) and genotype by environment (GE) interactions, known as the GGE Biplot, the main effect of environment (E) was deleted, while the main effect of G and the interaction effect of GE is kept and combined. Subsequently, continuing our recent research of the robustness of the GGE Biplot in RCIM models, this paper aims to develop the GGE Biplot by RCIM model to analyze the GEI with outlying observations. We used the RCIM model with Asymptotic Laplace Distribution (ALD) that was applied on the simulated data with scattered and single environment outliers to evaluate the robustness of the GGE Biplot. In addition, the robustness was evaluated using the R-squared statistic of the Procrustes analysis. It is shown that the GGE Biplot of RCIM with the ALD family function provides better robustness than the Gaussian. A noticeable superiority of the GGE Biplot with RCIM ALD appeared as the percentage of single environment outliers reach the number of rows of the data matrix.
APPLICATION OF BIPLOT ANALYSIS WITH ROBUST SINGULAR VALUE DECOMPOSITION TO POVERTY DATA IN SULAWESI ISLAND
Authors: Taki Febriyana , Yahya Lailany , Payu Muhammad Rezky Friesta
Published: April 2023

Poverty is defined as an inability of the individual to meet basic needs for a decent life. According to BPS data in2020, Sulawesi Island ranks fifth as the poorest island in Indonesia. This study aims to find out the mapping of areas and indicators of poverty in Sulawesi Island using Biplot Analysis with Robust Singular Value Decomposition approach for outlier research data. Based on the results of the study, there are five objects that are outlier and the information provided by the biplot amounted 98.45%. District/city that have similar characteristics are divided into 4 groups. The indicator of poverty that has the most diversity is the School Old Expectations Numbers (Var 4) and the one with the least diversity is Poor Households Using Clean Water (Var 8). Indicators of poverty that are positively correlated are Literacy Numbers (Var 1) and Non-Working Poor Population (Var 5), while the negative correlated are The Non-Working Poor Population (Var 5) and Poor Households Using Clean Water (Var 8). There are 19 districts/cities that have literacy values above the average of all districts/cities and 11 districts/cities that have a per capita expenditure value below the average of all districts/cities.
Was bleibt von der „Institution“ Bibliothek im Jahre 2040?
Authors: Ball Rafael
Published: April 2023

Selbstverständnis, Rolle und organisatorischer Status von Bibliotheken haben sich in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten maßgeblich verändert. War vor allem die wissenschaftliche Bibliothek einst eine feststehende und unabhängige Institution in der Akademie, die sich mitunter durch ihre funktionalen Aufgaben begründete, so haben diverse externe Faktoren wie interne Anpassungen, etwa die Transformation des Publikationssystems oder der bewusste Schwenk zum Dienstleister, einen deutlichen Wandel herbeigeführt, der sich auch bis ins Jahr 2040 und darüber hinaus fortsetzen wird. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt auf, dass bereits heute die Weichen dafür gestellt werden, in welche Richtung sich die Bibliothek in Zukunft weiter wandeln wird. Ob sie künftig als Institution (wieder) mehr sein wird als nur die Summe ihrer einzelnen Angebote und Dienstleistungen, kann hingegen nicht beantwortet werden.
Misstrauen, Perfektionismus und die dunkle Seite der Sinnhaftigkeit: Drei Hemmschuhe für „New Work“ in Bibliotheken
Authors: Christensen Anne
Published: April 2023

Der Beitrag setzt sich vor dem Hintergrund eigener Erfahrungen als Führungskraft mit den Herausforderungen auseinander, die im Umfeld wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken bei der Etablierung von New-Work-Modellen erwartet werden. Es werden verschiedene Elemente von bibliothekarischer Arbeitskultur und bibliothekarischem Selbstverständnis aufgezeigt, die eine nachhaltige Implementierung von New Work nach Meinung der Autorin derzeit noch behindern. Der Beitrag schließt mit zehn Thesen, die eine Utopie der Bibliothek 2040 beschreiben.
Öffentliche Bibliothek 2040. Aspekte eines Zukunftsorts
Authors: Schwering Stephan
Published: April 2023

Gelingen kann eine Zukunftsvermutung für die Öffentliche Bibliothek 2040 nur, wenn man sich auf die Stärken der Öffentlichen Bibliothek selbst konzentriert, dann können Aspekte einer Vision für eine Bibliothek der Zukunft im Jahr 2040 nur eine Utopie sein.

Wenn wir davon ausgehen, dass Öffentliche Bibliotheken sich an den aktuellen Lebenswirklichkeiten der Menschen orientieren wollen und dies das Wesen einer Bibliothek im Jahr 2040 ausmachen wird, muss sie das auch in den Mittelpunkt ihres Handelns stellen. Dies geht in erster Linie durch Partizipation der Bürgerinnen und Bürger.

Die Öffentliche Bibliothek der Zukunft ist eine partizipative Bibliothek der Bürgerinnen und Bürger, die das „real life“ mit virtuellen Welten verbindet und ihre Stärke daraus zieht, einen analogen Ort mit dem Metaverse verbinden zu können.
Denkräume. Ein Essay über die Bibliotheken der Zukunft
Authors: Schlotheuber Eva
Published: April 2023

Bibliotheken sind weit mehr als bloße Wissensspeicher: Sie sind ein sowohl haptisch erfahrbarer als stets auch imaginierter Wissenskosmos. Sie sind Denkräume, die uns eine generationenübergreifende Verständigung über grundlegende Fragen des Menschseins, der Umwelt und des Kosmos ermöglichen. Das interne Funktionieren dieses Gedächtnisses der Gesellschaft beruht auf teilweise jahrhundertelang geprüften Techniken wie Signatur- und Findsystemen, der Entwicklung von Sammlungsparametern, Ausleihvermerken oder generell der Ordnung von Wissen im Raum, also der sinnvollen Einteilung in Sachgruppen. Wenn wir den tiefgreifenden Wandel unserer Wissenskultur verstehen wollen, der sich mit der Digitalisierung seit Jahren langsam aber unaufhaltsam vollzieht, lohnt es sich, für eine Vision der Bibliothek der Zukunft einen Blick auf ihre Geschichte und traditionellen Funktionen zu werfen: als Gedächtnisspeicher, als rahmenbietende und von Fachdiskursen weitgehend unabhängige Wissensorganisation und -ordnung und als Denk- und Reflexionsraum unserer Gesellschaft.
Digitales Know-how als Kulturtechnik
Authors: Fink Michèle , Egli Klaus
Published: April 2023

Öffentliche Bibliotheken sind als soziokulturelle Institute eine Plattform für inklusive Wissensvermittlung und -aneignung und spielen bei Kommunikationsvorgängen und -entwicklungen innerhalb der Gesellschaft eine besondere Rolle als ein Ort, an dem Wissen und Bildung kostenlos und für alle zugänglich sind. Doch was bedeutet Zugänglichkeit? Mit der Verlagerung der Inhalte von analogen in digitale Medien wird Zugänglichkeit komplexer – Informationenträger, wie zum Beispiel Webseiten, sind nur mit Endgeräten und einem Verständnis für deren Funktionalität erreichbar.

Digitales Know-how entscheidet somit darüber, ob Zugang zu Wissen und Information überhaupt möglich ist, und unserer Ansicht nach ist es zu einer weiteren Kulturtechnik geworden.

Während Schulen bereits umsetzen und in ihrer Funktion als Grundbildnerinnen an Lehrplänen und Programmen feilen, bleiben Teile der Gesellschaft unerreicht. Ihnen fehlt der Zugang zu Endgeräten oder schlicht das Wissen, um mit ihnen zu den gewünschten Informationen oder Funktionen zu kommen. Genau darum hat die GGG Stadtbibliothek Basel 2019 das Projekt „Digi Coach“ ins Leben gerufen.
Imidazoline behavior as corrosion inhibitor in the electrochemical characterization of SCC behavior of an API X70 steel exposed to brine solution
Authors: Galvan-Martinez Ricardo , Fabre-Pulido Jecsan , Carmona-Hernández Andres , Orozco-Cruz Ricardo , Subramanian Velumani , Contreras Antonio
Published: April 2023

The effect of concentration of an organic imidazoline as inhibitor on internal stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of an API X70 pipeline steel exposed to a brine solution was studied. The SCC process using simultaneously the slow strain rate stress test (SSRT) and electrochemical measurements was performed. Fracture surface analysis and secondary cracking were observed through a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). According to SEM fractography and SSRT results, the steel showed high SCC susceptibility with a brittle fracture and several secondary cracks without addition of inhibitor, whereas the addition of inhibitor to brine solution was effective to increase the SCC resistance of steel at concentrations of inhibitor of 50 and 100 ppm. A further addition of concentration of inhibitor had a negative effect on the mechanical properties of the steel. Electrochemical measurements results are in accordance with the SCC susceptibility, indicating that corrosion inhibitor film suppressed the anodic and cathodic reactions increasing the resistance to SCC until concentration of 100 ppm. Further addition of inhibitor aggravated the localized corrosion due to local desorption of inhibitor molecules. The Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) analysis revealed the contribution of different corrosion process contained in the electrochemical current noise (ECN) signals at several inhibitor concentrations.
Venezuela in the Context of Chavismo and the First Pink Tide
Authors: Puchovský Ján , Puchovský Ján
Published: April 2023

Political and social developments in Venezuela have significantly influenced the events of the entire Latin American continent in the first two decades of the 21st century. Our research, time-framed between 1999 and 2013, focuses on the political, legal, social and economic aspects of the Venezuelan society development at the end of the last century and the first two decades of our century. The article also examines how social movements set in motion by chavismo led, in 1999, to the adoption of a new constitution based on the principles of the separation of the five powers and how it contributed to the formation of the political movements across the Latin American continent known as the pink tide (marea rosa).
Hazai karrierkutatások szisztematikus szakirodalom elemzése, különös tekintettel az egyetemi hallgatókat vizsgáló tudományos szakcikkekre
Authors: Formádi Katalin , Papp Zsófia Márta
Published: April 2023

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA

A karrierkutatások népszerűsége töretlen a nemzetközi szakirodalomban, szinte bármilyen szakterületről, foglalkozásról legyen is szó. Jellemző ez a karrier utak/életutak esetében és a felsőoktatásban még részt vevő hallgatók elvárásainak, terveinek, motivációinak vizsgálatára vonatkozóan egyaránt. Jelen tanulmány célja a tématerület hazai kutatásaira épülő közlemények összegyűjtése és elemzése.

ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN

Kutatásunkban a szisztematikus szakirodalomelemzés módszerét alkalmazva a hazai MTMT rendszerben fellelhető tudományos folyóiratcikkek analízisét végezzük el. A szűrések után 75 tanulmány statisztikai és a témához szorosan kapcsolódó 28 tanulmány részletes elemzésére kerül sor.

LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK

A vizsgálat során megállapítottuk, hogy a kapcsolódó hazai publikációk száma alacsony, de az utóbbi években növekedést mutat. A hazai szakirodalom szemlézése közben világossá vált, hogy a téma kutatása Magyarországon nem széleskörű, bizonyos szakterületekre korlátozódik (főleg a sport és az egészségügy áll a publikált tanulmányok többségének középpontjában). Más területek vagy csak érintőlegesen jelennek meg (pl. gazdaságtudományok), vagy egyáltalán nem kapcsolódik hozzájuk közlemény (pl. mérnöki karrierek). A felsőoktatásban részt vevő hallgatókra vonatkozó vizsgálatok esetében a jövőre vonatkozó megkérdezések és a pályaválasztás mellett egy-egy speciális kutatás jelenik meg (pl. a személyes márkázás szerepe, vagy a Covid-19 hatása).

GYAKORLATI JAVASLATOK

A napjainkban, illetve esetenként már hosszú évek óta tapasztalható munkaerőpiaci problémák alapján feltételezhető lenne, hogy a felsőoktatásban részt vevő hallgatók karrier-elképzeléseihez kapcsolódó kutatások virágkorukat élik. A szisztematikus szakirodalomelemzés eredményei alapján azonban megállapítható, hogy az ilyen kutatások terén komoly hiányosság mutatkozik. Bármely szakmáról legyen is szó, az ilyen jellegű vizsgálatok fontos és hiánypótoló eredményeket hozhatnak, melyek a munkaerő-piaci szereplők és más döntéshozók számára is alapvetőek lehetnek a jövő tervezésekor.
COMPETITIVENESS IN BANKING SECTOR: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Begimkulov Emil
Published: April 2023

THE AIMS OF THE PAPER

The concept of bank competitiveness has attracted increasing scientific attention. The current paper explores the directions and trends of research on bank competitiveness measures by reviewing recently published journal articles.

METHODOLOGY

The research follows the systematic literature review method. First, a set of keywords were defined. Then, the keywords were combined with the Boolean operator “AND” to identify articles in the two biggest scientific databases: Web of Science and Scopus. The identified papers were filtered and screened following the PRISMA method of selection. At the final stage, 33 articles were included.

MOST IMPORTANT RESULTS

Based on the analysis of published papers, the author identified the main research streams within bank competitiveness:risk-stability, market power, macroeconomic context, information technology, and new applications. Also, within the context of growing digitalization, little attention is paid to the influence of information technology on bank competitiveness.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Within the context of the growing importance of technological innovations in the financial sector (e.g., financial technology startups), there is still a lack of research on the influence of technological innovations implemented by banks on their competitiveness. Also, considering that the existing methods of measuring competitiveness in banks often provide conflicting information, developing new ways of estimating competitiveness considering the level of digitalization is necessary.
China in 2022
Authors: Piao Long
Published: April 2023

In 2022, president Xi Jinping’s prolonged one-man rule was formalized, further concentrating political authority in the Communist Party of China. Unemployment increased sharply because of the continued zero-COVID policy, and the economy declined significantly, generating pain and dissatisfaction and leading to anti-government protests and demonstrations in several cities. At the end of the year, the Party recognized the crisis and eased the preventive measures. Internationally, the United States maintained its technology blockade, hampering China’s economy.
Japan in 2022
Authors: Rhyu Sang-young
Published: April 2023

Japan’s domestic politics in 2022, though immensely shocked by Abe’s assassination, continued as usual without major changes from 2021. The LDP–Komeito coalition prevails, and opposition coalitions failed to prevent it from dominating. Although the Japanese economy is recovering from COVID-19 with increasing consumption, the recovery rate is slower than expected. The Japanese economy suffered both internally and externally in 2022. While adhering to the principle of exclusive self-defense under the US–Japan Security Treaty, the Kishida government is trying to improve deterrence with a new security strategy focusing on strengthening its counterstrike capability.
Taiwan in 2022
Authors: Wang T. Y.
Published: April 2023

Taiwan had an eventful year in 2022. Cross-Strait tensions increased dramatically after Speaker Nancy Pelosi’s visit to Taipei. China’s belligerent actions in response have invited international condemnation and triggered more official engagements between Taiwan and the global community. Amid this tension, Taiwan continued its democratic governance by holding local elections in November. A change in COVID policy led to a surge in cases, but the initial high death rate had declined by the end of the year, thanks to high inoculation rates. In a global economic slowdown, Taiwan outperformed its neighboring countries. With Beijing’s alignment to Moscow after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the close US–Taiwan relationship further strengthened.
Wood chemical composition of five tree species from Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: Ruiz-Aquino Faustino , Ruiz-Ángel Sandra , Feria-Reyes Rossy , Santiago-García Wenceslao , Suárez-Mota Mario E. , Rutiaga-Quiñones José G.
Published: April 2023

The wood chemical composition was determined for five tree species that cohabitate in the forest of Ixtlán de Juárez (Oaxaca, Mexico). These species were Alnus acuminata, Arbutus xalapensis, Myrsine juergensenii, Persea longipes, and Prunus serotina. The chemical composition was then correlated with the higher heating value of the wood. The chemical components determined were total extractives, ash, lignin, and holocellulose (alpha cellulose and hemicelluloses). The extractives were separated using Soxhlet equipment, and the ash obtained was analyzed via atomic absorption spectrometry. On average, the species presented 8.26 to 19.64% of total extractives, 0.56 to 1.50% of ash, 23.1 to 37.2% of lignin, 74.0 to 79.5% of holocellulose, 56.3 to 66.3% of α-cellulose, and 12.3 to 21.0% of hemicelluloses. In the ash, higher percentages of calcium, potassium, and magnesium were detected. The amount of chemical components was different between species (p ≤ 0.05). The higher heating value showed a positive correlation with the extractives content (r = 0.582), while with the ash content it was negative (-0.575). The high proportions of polysaccharides predict good performance of these species in pulp production, and the calorific value indicates that they have the potential for use as fuel.
Binding and precipitation of germanium(IV) by four hydrolyzable tannins
Authors: Liu Yuchen , Zhang Liangliang , Xu Man , Hu Xinyu , Wang Yongmei
Published: April 2023

The complexation conditions and complex characteristics of 1,2,3,4,6-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (PGG), a typical hydrolyzable tannin, and Ge4+ were studied. Species of the PGG-Al3+ complex formed in various water-methanol systems (20% to 100%, v/v) were investigated. The results showed that the amount of PGG and Ge in the precipitate was substantially influenced by the initial Ge/PGG molar ratio. The highest amount of the precipitate was obtained at the initial Ge/PGG molar ratio of 1:2 and the stoichiometric ratio (Ge/PGG molar ratio) of the precipitates gradually decreased from 0.72 to 0.30 concomitant to a decrease in the initial Ge/PGG molar ratio from 1:1 to 1:4. Precipitation experiments of Ge4+ by four hydrolyzable tannins from Chinese gallnut (TA), chestnut shell (CT), Platycarya strobilacea infructescence (PT), and Valonia (VT) were compared. The results indicated that the amount of the precipitate was substantially influenced by the initial tannin/Ge ratio and pH and was slightly influenced by the reaction time. The highest amount of the precipitate was obtained at the initial tannin/Ge mass ratio of 2.3:1 and pH 7.2. Stability of the TA-Ge, CT-Ge, VT-Ge, and PT-Ge precipitates in several solutions was determined. The TA-Ge precipitates showed relatively high stability in the test solvents compared to that of other tannins.
Effect of operating parameters and abrasive particle size on three-body abrasion performance of alkali-treated eucalyptus fiber reinforced polyvinyl chloride composite
Authors: Zhang Keping , Cui Yongting , Cai Longpeng
Published: April 2023

The use of natural fiber polymer composites is being considered in many applications. In the current work, the three-body abrasion performance of an alkali-treated eucalyptus and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composite was studied at different applied loads (40 to 130 N), sliding velocities (1.86 to 3.73 m/s), sliding distance (up to 4.0 km), and abrasive particle size (0.25 to 0.75 mm). The results showed that the applied load and sliding distance affected three-body abrasion. At lower applied loads and shorter sliding distances, higher specific wear rates (Ws) and more obvious worn surface features were exhibited, while sliding velocity had less of an effect on the wear behavior. The Ws and worn surface roughness increased as abrasive particle size increases, and deeper grooves and higher deformation on the worn surface were found due to the enhanced material loss from the larger particle size abrasive.
Recycling of nitric acid solution in chemical pretreatment of oat hulls for biorefining
Authors: Kashcheyeva Еkaterina I. , Skiba Еkaterina А. , Zolotukhin Vladimir N. , Budaeva Vera V.
Published: April 2023

The pretreatment of lignocellulosic bioresources is a key step in obtaining fermentable sugars. The present study explored the recycling of an HNO3 cooking solution during one-step chemical pretreatment of oat hulls and examined the enzymatic hydrolysis performance of the resultant substrates. Two series of experiments on solution recycling were performed: stabilization and experimental elevation of HNO3 concentration by adding 70 wt% HNO3. When the HNO3 concentration was stabilized at 4.4 wt%, the solution could be used five times. Meanwhile, when the HNO3 concentration was experimentally elevated from 4.4 wt% to 5.6 wt% (at the tenth pretreatment) by adding 70 wt% HNO3, the cooking solution could be used ten times. The yield of reducing sugars on a hydrolyzables content basis was 95% to 99% for ten substrates. In this case, the lignin contents of the substrates did not increase and had no adverse effect on the enzymatic hydrolysis performance.
Boring form of an invasive mole: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Belhaj Yassine , Kenza Benchaaboune , Fdili Alaoui Fatime Zahra , Jayi Soufia , Chaara Hekmat , Melhouf Abdeillah
Published: April 2023

Gestational trophoblastic diseases include a heterogeneous group of pathologies due to abnormal trophoblast proliferation. These diseases are rare and most often have a good prognosis. Management recommendations are based mainly on expert opinions, such as those published in 2020 by the European Organisation for the Treatment of Trophoblastic Disease (EOTTD). They have a common name, but their origins, clinical characteristics and treatment differ. Hydatidiform moles correspond to villi with an excess of paternal genetic material and having a malignant potential, higher for complete Hydatidiform moles than for partial Hydatidiform moles Invasive mole is responsible for most cases of localized gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, occurring during pregnancy, within a variable period, but in most cases it is diagnosed after a molar pregnancy. Histological proof is sometimes difficult on curettage product, and must then take into account imaging and serum hCG levels. The overall cure rate is nearly 100% in low-risk patients and 90% in high-risk patients, since the advent of chemotherapy. In rare cases, the molar tissue crosses the thickness of the myometrium, the serosa and leads to hemoperitoneum associated with an acute abdomen as well as metastases, which is infrequently encountered in the invasive mole. The best course of treatment is chemotherapy (depending on the stage and the score with mono or poly chemotherapy) and in patients whose fertility is not in question, a hysterectomy can be performed. On the occasion of a clinical case, we will expose a dissecting form with an ovarian metastasis of an invasive mole. The treatment was successful. During the follow-up, she remained free of the disease without any sequelae.
Carbon nanomaterials of graphite-like structure and their composites: physics, chemistry and technology
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine, Sementsov Yurii , Kartel Mykola ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine, Nedilko Serhii ,   Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University, Khyzhnyi Yurii ,   Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University, Ivanenko Kateryna ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine
Published: April 2023

The book considers the patterns of formation of the structure and properties of sp2-hybridized carbon nanoformations: nanotubes (CNTs), expanded graphite (EG), graphene nanoparticles and composite materials (CM) with their participation with carbon, polymer and ceramic matrices, including EG-CNTs composite, as well as the mechanism of influence of low content of nanosized fillers on the functional and operational characteristics of the created nano-CM. It is experimentally confirmed that the mechanism of strengthening of low-filled matrices consists in creation by a grid of CNTs of layers of the matrix in a nanosized state with improved characteristics. The monograph is intended for specialists in the field of physical and chemical material science.