bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Depression in patients with spinal injury in Qatar: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Al Shamari Badriya , OHara Lily
Published: October 2021

Background: There is a high prevalence of depression in people with spinal injury. It has a major negative influence on health and performance of daily living activities following the injury. Social support plays an important role in the recovery process of patients. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of depression; identify the association between the level of depression and the cause and site of spinal injury, sociodemographic factors, and social support; and explore the experiences of depression in patients with spinal injury in Qatar. Methods: A cross-sectional mixed-methods study was conducted. All patients admitted to Hamad Medical Corporation in 2020 with spinal injury were surveyed using an interviewer-administered questionnaire in Arabic, English or Hindi. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The Social Support Survey was used to assess overall social support and four specific aspects of social support. Demographic data were collected. The cause and site of injury were obtained from patient records. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with purposively selected participants. Results: A total of 106 participants participated in the survey. In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 participants. For the survey component, the average age of participants was 35.82±10.00 years, the majority were males (94.3%), and 69% had some level of depression (mild: 28%, minimal: 25.5%, and moderate to severe: 15%). Depression was not associated with socio-demographic factors or the cause or site of spinal injury. Emotional/informational support and positive social interaction were inversely correlated with depression scores. The interviews revealed that spinal injury had a negative impact on participants’ daily lives and their physical, mental, social, and spiritual wellbeing. Emotional/informational support and positive social interaction were both inversely correlated with depression. This was consistent with the findings of the interviews, which highlighted the important role of social support in improving participants’ ability to cope with their new situation. Conclusion: Depression is prevalent among patients with spinal injury. Early detection, referral, and treatment of depression are recommended. Strategies to enhance emotional/informational support and positive social interaction should be developed and tested in patients with spinal injury.
Trends of use of SGLT2 inhibitors in Qatar
Authors: Zaghloul Nancy , Awaisu Ahmed , Mahfouz Ahmed , Al Saadi Sumaya , Elewa Hazem
Published: October 2021

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a growing health challenge in Qatar and worldwide. T2DM is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality, and progression of renal disease. Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are the most recently approved class of glucose lowering medications (GLMs). To date, there is a limited knowledge about the adoption of SGLT2is by clinicians compared to other oral GLMs in Qatar and Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Accordingly, this proposed study aims to explore the trends in SGLT2is use compared to other oral GLMs in Qatar from 2016 to 2020. Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study where information on all oral GLMs prescriptions dispensed as in- or out-patient from 2016 to 2020 in all Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) hospitals were collected. Outcomes included the number and relative frequency of quarterly prescriptions of different oral GLMs classes [metformin, sulfonylureas (SUs), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4is), thiazolidinediones (TZDs), meglitinides (MEGs), α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs), and SGLT2is] from 2016 to 2020. Results: Overall, the prescription rate of GLMs increased during the last five years. SGLT2is use increased over the years after being introduced to the formulary in 2017, replacing SUs which exhibited significant decline between 2017 and 2020. There was a slight reduction in metformin use, and a slight increase in DPP-4is use. TZDs, MEGs, and AGIs prescriptions remained stable. Among SGLT2is, empagliflozin showed considerable increase on the expense of dapagliflozin which decreased significantly by the end of 2018. Conclusion: SGLT2is have been gradually replacing SUs in Qatar and the trend of their use is similar to that reported in other countries. The trend among SGLT2is suggests greater preference for empagliflozin over dapagliflozin.
Identification of a miRNA signature as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Zahid Muhammad Ammar , Agouni Abdelali
Published: October 2021

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). If diagnosed in later stages, ccRCC is associated with high renal cancer related morbidity and poor prognosis. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have attracted interest as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers due to their important role in cancer development and progression. Availability of big omics data in the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) coupled with data mining and machine learning have revolutionized the identification of robust diagnostic and prognostic signatures in different types of cancers. In this study, we have utilized the miRNA sequencing data of 516 ccRCC patients from TCGA to identify a diagnostic and prognostic signature by using a combined approach of differential expression analysis, survival analysis and machine learning. Differential expression analysis identified 30 downregulated and 20 upregulated miRNAs in the primary tumor as compared to solid tissue normal samples. Out of these 50 differentially expressed miRNAs, higher expression of 7 and lower expression of 6 miRNAs were found to be significantly associated with poor survival when analyzed using the Kaplan-Maier survival method. Pathway enrichment analyses related to the differentially expressed miRNAs revealed that fatty acid biosynthesis was the most significantly enriched KEGG pathway while proteoglycans in cancer pathway was enriched by the highest number of survival-associated miRNAs target genes. Differential expression and association with poor survival was used as a prefilter for training a support vector machine model capable of classifying tumor samples from solid tissue normal samples with an accuracy and precision of 99.23% and 98.50%, respectively. We have identified here a nine-miRNA signature in ccRCC patients that is capable of segregating tumor from normal tissue samples with high accuracy and precision. The future validation of this classification model in in a clinical cohort will support translation of these findings into clinical practice for early detection and follow-up of ccRCC.
Influenza Prevalence and Vaccine Efficacy in Diabetic Patients in Qatar
Authors: Thomas Swapna , Smatti Maria K. , Al Maslamani Muna A. , Yassine Hadi Mohamad
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Diabetes (DM) is often recognized as ‎an independent risk factor for developing severe respiratory tract infections. Influenza infections are associated with higher hospitalization, morbidity and mortality in DM patients. Vaccination against Influenza virus would reduce the burden of flu infection in DM patients. Aim: To assess the prevalence and burden of influenza infection in DM patients in Qatar and to evaluate the efficacy of influenza vaccination in DM patients Methods: The study included 26,989 patients between 2016- 2018. Virology test results (20 pathogens) as well as the levels of HbA1c were collected for all participant. Data was filtered and analysed to explore the influenza prevalence and vaccine efficiacy among diabetis patients in comparision to non-diabetic. Findings: This study shows that DM patients are at higher-risk for influenza infection. In general, Influenza infections covers around 50 % of total respiratory infections in patients with flu like symptoms in Qatar. However, in vaccinated DM patients, influenza test positivity was low. This study reports the efficacy of routine flu vaccination to reduce the burden of influenza infection in DM patients.
Development of Novel Chalcone Analogs as Potential Multi-Targeted Therapies for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Hussein Ola , Alali Feras , Al Mustafa Ala‐Eddin , Khalil Ashraf
Published: October 2021

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequently diagnosed malignancy, as well as a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men globally. Despite the initial response to hormonal targeted therapy, the majority of patients ultimately progress to a lethal form of the disease, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Therefore, the objective of this study was to discover and develop novel treatment modalities for CRPC. Chalcones are among the highly attractive scaffolds being investigated for their antitumor activities. A library of 26 chalcone analogs were designed, synthesized and evaluated as potential therapies for CRPC. The design was guided by in-silico ADMET prediction in which analogs with favorable drug-likeness properties were prioritized. The new compounds were synthesized, purified and characterized by extensive structural elucidation studies. The compounds in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated against two androgen receptor (AR)-negative prostate cancer cell lines (PC3 and DU145). Among the tested compounds, pyridine containing analogs (13, 15 and 16) showed potent antiproliferative activities with IC50 values ranging between 4.32-6.47 µM against PC3 and DU145 cell lines. Detailed biological studies of the lead molecule 16 revealed that it can significantly induce apoptosis through upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2. In addition, compound 16 potently inhibited colony formation and reduced cell migration of AR-negative PCa cell lines (PC3 and DU145). The molecular pathway analysis showed that the anticancer activity of compound 16 is associated with blocking of ERK1/2 and Akt activities. Furthermore, compound 16 inhibited angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model as compared to control. Structure-activity relationship study revealed that the cytotoxicity could dramatically improve via changing the methoxylation pattern by more than 2-folds (IC50 << 2.5 μM). These results indicate that pyridine-based chalcones could serve as promising lead molecules for the treatment of CRPC; thus, further in vitro and in vivo studies are warranted.
A Whole-Genome Sequencing Association Study of Low Bone Mineral Density Identifies New Susceptibility Loci in the Phase I Qatar Biobank Cohort
Authors: Younes Nadin , Abdallah Atiyeh , Abu madi Marawan
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Bone density disorders are characterized by a reduction in bone mass density and strength, which lead to an increase in the susceptibility to sudden and unexpected fractures. Despite the serious consequences of low bone mineral density (BMD) and its significant impact on human health, most affected individuals may not know that they have the disease because it is asymptomatic. Therefore, understanding the genetic basis of low BMD and osteoporosis is essential to fully elucidate its pathobiology and devise preventative or therapeutic approaches. Materials and Methods: we sequenced the whole genomes of 3000 individuals from the Qatar Biobank and conducted genome-wide association analyses to identify genetic risk factors associated with low BMD in the Qatari population. Results: Fifteen variants were significantly associated with total body BMD (p < 5 × 10-8). Of these, five variants had previously been reported by and were directionally consistent with previous genome-wide association study data. Ten variants were new: six intronic variants located at six gene loci (MALAT1/TALAM1, FASLG, LSAMP, SAG, FAM189A2, and LOC101928063) and four intergenic variants. Conclusion: This first such study in Qatar provides a new insight into the genetic architecture of low BMD in the Qatari population. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to validate these findings and to elucidate the functional effects of these variants on low BMD and bone fracture susceptibility.
A Framework for Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing for Orthopedic Procedure
Authors: Holozadah Bayan , Pokharel Shaligram
Published: October 2021

This study used method of Time-Driven Activity-Based costing (TDABC) approach to examined cost reduction in healthcare sector, Knee Arthroplasty Department in Al-Emadi Hospital as case-study for delivering a primary knee arthroplasty consultation. The purpose of the study is to propose an optimization model that tends to determine significant and insignificant resources and cost uncertainties in a particular healthcare service. Then compare results of optimization model with current costing methods used in healthcare. Eight-steps of TDABC method are applied to obtain Capacity Cost Rate (CCR) of each human resource involved in care-delivery cycle. Data was collected from interviewing staff and patients, financial reports, and human resource reports. Multiple linear regression (MLR) model is used to test strength of relationship between time and cost variable. Optimization model applied to decrease uncertainties by using Least Square method. Optimized model showed that human resources are not fully utilized which leads to error in costing model. Seven human resources out of eight are significant to model. Accuracy of optimized model is equal to 3%, with RMSE equal to 6. Total cost of the optimized model equal $177,492.45 which is better simulate actual cost $180,048. The research value is about building a new statistical model using MLR analysis to predict behavior and data trend of main healthcare segmentation: Human Resource. Also, propose a generic optimization model that can be used for specific healthcare service costing.
Is curcumin at the threshold of therapeutic effectiveness on patients with colon cancer? – A systematic review
Authors: Shafei Laila Khaled , Izham Mohamed , Billa Nashiru
Published: October 2021

Curcumin, obtained from Curcuma longa, has been the subject of decades of scientific investigation on its therapeutic usefulness. It is reported to possess several therapeutic properties, of which anti-colon cancer is of interest in this review. Clinically, however, curcumin has yet to firm up its place among established anti-colon cancer therapeutic contenders. We aimed to systematically review the prevailing clinical evidence on the role of curcumin in colon cancer treatment. The review drawing from literature on clinical studies indicates fairly long-term tolerability. No regression of tumor was reported when curcumin was the sole intervention. An increase in p53 level expression was reported in a placebo-controlled study but no reduction in PGE2 or 5HETE. Pharmacokinetic data on healthy humans indicate that formulated curcumin delivery systems present significantly higher systemic bioavailability. It appears therefore that the clinical use of curcumin can potentially be realized only through appropriate formulation interventions
Portrayal of Autism Spectrum Disorder and related treatments in Qatar’s printed media
Authors: Saadia Halima , Habib Safeya , Zolezzi Monica
Published: October 2021

Public cultivates perceptions and beliefs through mass media. Although considerable progress in the diagnosis and treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has emerged over the last decade, negative media stereotypes about ASD and its treatments are amongst the most hurtful and socially limiting stigma experiences reported by mental health service consumers and family members. The objectives of this study were to explore the portrayal of ASD and its treatments through a content analysis of the daily Qatari newspapers. A total of 178 ASD-related articles were found in 1 year of newspaper coverage. The majority of the articles reported on general news or event, rather than on the scientific or social aspects of ASD. The discourse analysis revealed significantly more stigmatizing statements in articles in Arabic compared to those in English newspapers. Most of the treatments discussed in the print media had insufficient or lacked scientific evidence. Qatar has recently implemented the “National Autism Strategy”, which aims for the inclusion of ASD in society. Collaborative efforts with the media will be necessary to achieve this aim.
Barriers and Facilitators to Mental Health Help-seeking among Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Elshaikh Usra Abushara , Sheik Rayan , Saeed Raghad Khalid , Chivese Tawanda , Hassan Diana Alsayed
Published: October 2021

Background: Older adults are very unlikely to seek mental health help. There are multiple factors that contribute to a person’s final decision to seek formal help. The aim of this study is to systematically review and summarize quantitative literature on the barriers and facilitators that influence older adult’s mental health help-seeking behaviors. Methods : Four databases including PubMed-Medline, EMBASE, ProQuest central, and Scopus were searched to identify barriers and/or facilitators to mental health help-seeking behaviors. Studies were included if they satisfied the following criteria: Articles that were quantitative studies published during the period between 2015-2021, that address barriers and/or facilitators to mental health help seeking among older adults aged 65 years old or older and examining depression, anxiety, and psychological distress disorders. Help-seeking was defined as receiving a consultation from health professionals such as a general practitioner, clinical psychologist, councilor, or social worker. Study quality and risk of bias was assessed using The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results: Five cross-sectional studies met the inclusion criteria for this review. These studies were from Australia, United States, and Malaysia, and were carried out during the period 2015-2021. Two studies examined both facilitators and barriers while three studies examined barriers only. Neither of the studies examined facilitators only. The prevalence of seeking mental health help among elderly people ranged between 77% to 82%. Cost, stigma, and beliefs of the effectiveness of mental health counseling, were the most reported key barriers. Main reported facilitators included prior positive experience with mental health services, high level of education, and a high-income level. Conclusion: The findings reported in this systematic review can be used in future research and practical implications to assess the barriers and facilitators among older adults.
Content Validation of an Algorithm for the Assessment, Management and Monitoring of Drug-Induced QTc Prolongation in the Psychiatric Population
Authors: Mahmoud Doaa Elsayed , Homs Shorouq , Elamin Waad , Qubaiah Iman , Zolezzi Monica , Elhakim Athar
Published: October 2021

Background: QTc interval prolongation leads to serious complications, making it a concern for clinicians. Assessing the risk of QTc interval prolongation in the psychiatric population is important, as they are exposed to medications known to increase the risk of life-threatening arrhythmias. Aim: To validate the content of an algorithm for the assessment, management and monitoring of drug-induced QTc prolongation in the psychiatric population. Methodology: Qualitative semi-structured interviews of cardiology experts were used to gather information on their approach in assessing the risk of drug-induced QTc prolongation at the time of prescribing. After the interview, an orientation to the algorithm was provided, followed by a self-administered survey which included quantitative (4-point Likert scale to rate their opinion on each decision step) and qualitative components to assess the algorithm’s content validity. Results: Four themes emerged from the cardiologists’ interviews, which pointed towards a lack of a unified protocol or a systematic approach when assessing QTc interval prolongation. Quantitative results showed average mean scores ranging from 3.08 to 3.67, 3.08 to 3.58, and 3.17 to 3.75, for the appropriateness; the safety; and the reliability of the references, respectively, of each decision step in the algorithm. Qualitative analysis of the open-ended questions showed that cardiologists supported implementing the algorithm, with slight modifications to make it simpler and less time consuming. Conclusion: Qualitative and quantitative results point towards positive indices for the algorithm’s content validity. Further validation studies with other potential users of the algorithm (such as mental health practitioners) are needed.
Evaluation of a Mobile Application Tool to Assist Health Care Providers in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment and Management
Authors: Hejazi1 Taimaa Adnan , Mustafa Dana Nizar , Kattan Lana , Zolezzi Monica , Aboelbaha Shimaa Ahmed , Homs Shorouq , Elhakim Athar , Alhamarneh Yazid , Yushko Lily
Published: October 2021

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment and management (RAM) services face many challenges and barriers in the community. Mobile technology offers the opportunity to empower patients and improve access to health prevention strategies to overcome these barriers.1 The main goal of this study is to investigate whether the use of mobile technology for CVDRAM, combined with appropriate health care professional oversight, can improve access and management of CVD risk factors in Qatar. Methods/Case presentation: Pilot testing of an Arabic and English version of the online application EPIRxISK™ for CVDRAM by potential users from a sample consisting of the general population and pharmacists attending community pharmacies. Participants’ feedback was gathered in a qualitative interview which was recorded and transcribed for quality assurance and for review by the research team. Responses from all interviews were analyzed and recommendations were made to finalize the application prior to phase II of the study. In phase II, quantitative and qualitative methods will be utilized to assess the feasibility of implementing a community pharmacy-based CVD risk assessment program using the English and Arabic versions of the EPIRxISK™ online application. Results/Findings/Recommendations: In phase I, a total of 9 pharmacists from community pharmacies and 5 general participants from the general population were interviewed. As shown in table 1 and 2, the analysis of the interviews resulted in themes related to five frameworks: engagement, functionality, aesthetics, information, and subjective quality. Overall, the themes demonstrated acceptance and satisfaction with the features of the application. Phase II is in progress now. Conclusion: The overall results of the pilot testing are promising and conclude an overall acceptance and satisfaction with the features of the application.
Serum vitamin D concentrations are non-linearly related to breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women
Authors: Sukik Layan , Hoque Bushra , Boutefnouchet Linda , Ganji Vijay
Published: October 2021

Background: Post-menopausal women are at high risk for breast cancer. The association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration and breast cancer in post-menopausal women is not well understood. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum 25(OH)D and breast cancer using nationally representative sample surveys. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, we used seven cycles of National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 2001 through 2014. Participants were non-institutionalized post-menopausal women (n=8100). Logistic regression was performed to determine the association between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and breast cancer prevalence. A restricted cubic spline method was used to assess the non-linear association. Results: The prevalence of breast cancer was 3.3%, 4.0%, 4.6%, 6.4%, and 6.9% in the groups with serum 25(OH)D levels of <30, 30-<50, 50-<75, 75-<100, and ≥100 nmol/L, respectively. The risk of having breast cancer was significantly higher in the serum 25(OH)D 75-<100 nmol/L category compared to the 25(OH)D <30 nmol/L concentration [OR and 95% CI; 2.21 (1.23-3.98)]. Furthermore, a significant non-linear relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentrations (when used as a continuous variable) and breast cancer in all post-menopausal women (p for non-linear trend 0.032) was observed. Overall, the risk of breast cancer was highest (OR=1.5) between 70 nmol/L and 80 nmol/L of serum 25(OH)D concentration in all post-menopausal women. Conclusion: An adverse association was observed between serum 25(OH)D concentration and breast cancer in post-menopausal women. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanism of vitamin D in cancer pathogenesis.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar IPA melalui Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dengan Media Flash Card
Authors: Ramadha Iis Eka , Zuhaida Anggun
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar IPA menggunakan model pembelajaran problem based learning dengan media flash card pada materi zat aditif dan adiktif siswa kelas VIII di SMP IT Assalam Bandungan tahun pelajaran 2020/2021.  Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang digunakan untuk memperbaiki proses pembelajaran di dalam kelas. Langkah-langkah PTK, yaitu sebagai berikut: perencanaan (planning), pelaksanaan (action), pengamatan (observing), dan refleksi (reflection) yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Subjek dari penelitian ini yaitu kelas VIII B yang berjumlah 24 siswa perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan observasi. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis. Peningkatan hasil belajar ini dapat diketahui melalui hasil evaluasi pembelajaran di akhir proses kegiatan pembelajaran. Pada siklus I diperoleh hasil belajar dengan nilai rata-rata kelas sebesar 67,70 dan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 58%, 14 siswa dinyatakan tuntas dan 10 siswa dinyatakan tidak tuntas. Sedangkan pada siklus II diperoleh hasil belajar dengan nilai rata-rata kelas sebesar 79,58 dan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 92%, 22 siswa dinyatakan tuntas dan 2 siswa dinyatakan tidak tuntas. sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaakan model pembelajaran problem based learning dengan media flash card dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
Development of Physics Learning Media based on Guided Inquiry Model to Improve Students' Concepts Mastery and Creativity
Authors: Susilawati Susilawati , Doyan Aris , Hardjono Ahmad , Muliyadi Lalu
Published: October 2021

This study aims to develop learning media based on guided inquiry models to improve students' concepts mastery and creativity in physics learning in senior high schools. The learning media in question is a ripple tank to explain the characteristics of a mechanical wave. Development research with the 4D model (define, design, development, dissemination) was conducted in this study, where the learning media developed met the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness in improving students' concepts mastery and creativity. Evaluation of the learning media validity is carried out through a validation mechanism where the media is validated by 3 validators (media experts), while evaluation of the practicality and effectiveness of learning media through its implementation in class involves students in two schools in Mataram City - Indonesia. The results of the study show that the learning media with the guided inquiry model are valid, practical, and effective in improving students' concepts mastery and creativity in learning physics. The results of further studies are described in this article
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO E IMPLICAÇÕES DE AÇÃO POLÍTICA NO FORTALECIMENTO AO EMPREENDEDORISMO FEMININO EM PORTO VELHO
Authors: Souza Lady Day Pereira de , Silva Isabela Pimentel Azevedo Da , Costa Lucas Almeida
Published: October 2021

A globalização e suas constantes alterações no mundo econômico, político e social têm impelido a inserção de mulheres em atividades produtivas como o empreendedorismo. Essa investida quase sempre se a
Hydrolytic Degradation of 3D-Printed Poly (Lactic Acid) Structures
Authors: Mulderrig Logan , Chambers Franchino , Isais Taylor A. , Jeske Richard , Li Yan , Kennemur Justin G. , Hallinan Daniel T.
Published: October 2021

Hydrolytic degradation of commercially available 3D printing filament, i.e. poly (lactic acid) with broad molecular weight distribution was induced by incubating 3D-printed parts in deionized water at 3 temperatures. Small changes in orthogonal dimensions occurred due to relaxation of printing stresses, but no mass or volume loss were detected over the time-frame of the experiments. Molecular weight decreased while polydispersity remained constant. The most sensitive measure of degradation was found to be nondestructive, small-amplitude oscillatory tensile measurements. A rapid decay of tensile storage modulus was found with an exponential decay time constant of about an hour. This work demonstrates that practical monitoring of commercially available PLA degradation can be achieve with linear viscoelastic measurements of modulus.
Road Network Analysis with GIS and GRASS-GIS: A Probabilistic Approach
Authors: Caristi Giuseppe , Guarneri Roberto , Lo Bosco Sabrin
Published: October 2021

In this paper we show how it can be useful to the probability of intersections in the determination of a classification rule for raster conversions in Geographical Information System (GIS) and GRASS GIS for the Road Network Analysis (RNA). We use a geometric probabilities approach for irregular path considering these results for transportation planning operations. We study two particular problems with irregular tessellations, in order to have a situation more realistic respect to map GIS and considering also the maximum value of probability to narrow the range of possible probability values.
Cesarean sections in Greece. How can we stop the vicious cycle?
Authors: Evangelia Antoniou  , Eirini Orovou  , Maria Iliadou
Published: October 2021

Cesarean section has a long history in the evolution of obstetrics and human culture. Once, while a cesarean section was performed on a dying woman in order to save the infant’s life, today its rates in high and middle income countries have increased dramatically. However, the increased rates of cesarean sections are not justified by the WHO recommendations in 2015 which stated that CS rates above 10-15% were not associated with lower maternal or neonatal mortality. Greece belongs to the countries with very high rates of cesarean sections. As a result, about 6 in 10 Greek women give birth by caesarean section. For this situation, many driving factors of cesarean sections and potential solutions have been discussed. However, despite the concerns of health care professionals and midwives, the vicious cycle of cesarean sections in Greece has not yet stopped.
PENGARUH MANAJEMEN WAKTU TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS XII IPS SMA PERGURUAN ISLAM MAKASSAR DI MASA PENDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Haruna Nana Harlina , Fajar Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ex-post facto yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh manajemen waktu terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa di masa pandemic covid-19. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Makassar dengan sampel 80 orang siswa. Penelitian ini berlangsung selama pandemic covid-19 sehingga aktivitas pembelajaran dilakukan dengan sistem Daring menggunakan Google Classroom. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas XII SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Makassar tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 termasuk dalam kategori Tinggi dengan skor rata-rata 16,8375 atau 38,75% dari skor ideal 20 yang mungkin dicapai. Manajemen waktu siswa kelas XII SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Makassar berada dalam kategori tinggi dengan skor rata-rata 45,4831 atau 57,28% dari skor ideal 79,41 yang mungkin dicapai. Manajemen waktu mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas II SMA Negeri 2 Makassar tahun pelajaran 2020/2021.
DAS DIRETRIZES EDUCACIONAIS À REALIDADE DIDÁTICA: VARIANTES LINGUÍSTICAS NO LIVRO DIDÁTICO
Authors: Lazzaretti Jildonei , Oliveira Beatriz da Silva , Oliveira Rayani Andressa da Cruz , Karim Jocineide Macedo
Published: October 2021

Este artigo desenvolve uma análise comparativa entre os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais de Língua Portuguesa do Ensino Médio e os livros didáticos no que se refere às variantes linguísticas. Apresentamos como resultados da pesquisa análises dos livros didáticos: (1) o livro Língua Portuguesa, linguagem e interação (FARACO, MOURA, MARUXO JR, 2010) e (2) o livro Português Projetos (FARACO e MOURA, 2005). Nas análises procuramos observar os referenciais em relação à adequação ou não dos livros didáticos em relação às orientações dos PCN´S de língua portuguesa.Para citar essa obra: LAZZARETTI, Jildonei, OLIVEIRA, Beatriz da Silva, OLIVEIRA, Rayani Andressa da Cruz, MACEDO-KARIM, Jocineide. Das diretrizes educacionais à realidade didática: variantes linguísticas no livro didático. Revista de Estudos Acadêmicos de Letras, vol. 07 n. 02, p. 109-118, Dezembro de 2014.
NOÇÕES DE ERRO E ACERTO NA PRÁTICA DO PORTUGUÊS DO BRASIL – PERSPECTIVAS DE QUEM ENSINA A LÍNGUA
Authors: Hoffmann Elizandra
Published: October 2021

Este artigo visa analisar sobre as dicotomias igualdade/diversidade, inclusão/exclusão, sobre os fatos estudados pela Sociolinguística, relação língua e sociedade, preconceito linguístico, Gramática Normativa e Descritiva e Novas propostas para o ensino da Língua. A análise ocorrerá com base nos fatores: Concepções de Correção, Erro e Acerto adotadas pelo professor; Faixa etária, nível de formação e tempo de docência em Língua Portuguesa e principalmente sobre o questionamento: Como os professores lidam com as variedades da língua e qual a influência dos fatores abordados no Ensino da Língua? E quais são as contradições e as coerências entre as entrevistas e as propostas de aula utilizadas pelos professores.
Empathy and Theory of Mind in Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis: Relations With Schizotypy and Executive Function
Authors: Kong Wanji , Koo Se Jun , Seo Eunchong , Park Hye Yoon , Lee Eun , An Suk Kyoon
Published: October 2021

Objective While recent studies have found deficits in theory of mind (ToM) skills in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis, empathic tendencies in these subjects remain unclear. The presence of high schizotypy and compromised executive functions, which are found in UHR individuals, would affect ToM skills and empathic tendencies. We investigated the ToM skills and empathic tendencies of UHR individuals and examined their relationship with schizotypy and executive function.Methods This study included 28 UHR individuals and 28 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All participants completed a self-reported empathic scale (Interpersonal Reactivity Index) and the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales. Additionally, the ToM Picture Stories Task and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test were conducted.Results UHR individuals showed a trend toward lower self-reported empathic tendencies; however, there were no differences in ToM skills between the two groups. Of the four subscales of the IRI, only empathic concern showed a significant difference between the two groups. Empathic concern was inversely associated with negative schizotypy.Conclusion Our findings suggest that UHR individuals show relatively preserved cognitive empathy but compromised emotional empathy. Furthermore, in UHR individuals, the empathic concern subscale of the IRI was associated with negative schizotypy, while ToM skills were related to positive schizotypy and executive function.
Compassion Fatigue in Laboratory Animal Personnel during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Thurston Sarah E , Chan Goldia , Burlingame Lisa A , Jones Jennifer A , Lester Patrick A , Martin Tara L
Published: October 2021

Compassion Fatigue (CF) is commonly observed in professions associated with human and animal care. The COVID-19 pandemic compelled laboratory animal research institutions to implement new work practices in order to maintain essential animal care operations. These modifications ranged
from shift changes to last-resort measures, such as culling animal colonies, to accommodate reduced staffing. Such changes could cause personnel to experience increased stress, isolation, and helplessness—all of which can increase CF risk. In the current study, 200 persons involved with
animal research completed an online survey to gauge whether CF among laboratory animal personnel had increased during the pandemic. The survey examined professional quality of life, self-assessed levels of CF, institutional changes, perceived changes in animal welfare, and institutional measures
intended to alleviate CF. A total of 86% of participants had experienced CF at some point in their career, with 41% experiencing a CF event (new or worsening symptoms of CF) during the pandemic. In addition, 90% of participants who reported a CF event also reported subsequent effects on their
personal or professional lives. Health, employment, and animal-related stress that arose due to the pandemic were all found to influence CF scores significantly. Although 96% of respondents were considered essential workers, 67% did not feel as valued for their work as other essential personnel.
Furthermore, 88% of personnel responsible for the euthanasia of healthy animals who experienced a CF event reported that CF also affected their personal life, professional life, or both, and 78% responded that interventions from internal CF programs or leadership did not help to alleviate
symptoms of CF. The COVID-19 pandemic and resultant institutional changes will likely have lasting effects on persons and organizations. By determining and subsequently mitigating sources of CF, we can better assist the laboratory animal community during future crises.
Effects of a Heated Anesthesia Breathing Circuit on Body Temperature in Anesthetized Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Bowling Philip A , Bencivenga Michael A , Leyva Mary E , Grego Brittnee E , Cornelius Robin N , Cornelius Emily M , Cover Chase D , Gonzales Chase A , Fetterer David P , Reiter Cara P
Published: October 2021

This study evaluated the effects of using a heated anesthesia breathing circuit in addition to forced-air warming on body temperature in anesthetized rhesus macaques as compared with forced-air warming alone. Hypothermia is a common perianesthetic and intraoperative complication that
can increase the risk of negative outcomes. Body heat is lost through 4 mechanisms during anesthesia: radiation, conduction, convection, and evaporation. Typical warming methods such as forced-air warming devices, conductive heating pads, and heated surgical tables only influence radiative
and conductive mechanisms of heat loss. A commercially available heated breathing circuit that delivers gas warmed to 104 °F can easily be integrated into an anesthesia machine. We hypothesized that heating the inspired anesthetic gas to address the evaporative mechanism of heat loss would
result in higher body temperature during anesthesia in rhesus macaques. Body temperatures were measured at 5-min intervals in a group of 10 adult male rhesus macaques during 2 anesthetic events: one with a heated anesthesia breathing circuit in addition to forced-air warming, and one with
forced-air warming alone. The addition of a heated breathing circuit had a significant positive effect on perianesthetic body temperature, with a faster return to baseline temperature, earlier nadir of initial drop in body temperature, and higher body temperatures during a 2-h anesthetic procedure.
Use of a heated anesthesia breathing circuit should be considered as a significant refinement to thermal support during macaque anesthesia, especially for procedures lasting longer than one hour.
Una historia contemporánea de Palestina-Israel, o la necesidad de desmontar mitos aportando soluciones
Authors: Peña Peña Carlos
Published: October 2021

El artículo destaca la necesidad de hacer llegar a un público no necesariamente especialista, obras como esta que, a pesar de tener un enfoque académico y muy riguroso, están al alcance de cualquier lector interesado en el tema.

Se hace hincapié en algunos aspectos de la obra que resultant destacables por su originalidad o diferencia con respecto a otras obras sobre el tema de Palestina que hay en el mercado literario español.
Subjetividades hidropolíticas y megaminería en Mendoza (Argentina)
Authors: Liceaga Gabriel , Ivars Jorge Daniel , Parise Schneider Nicolás
Published: October 2021

En diciembre de 2019, en la provincia de Mendoza (Argentina), se modificó la ley provincial N°7722, que regula a la minería metalífera. Pocos días después, tras una notable movilización social y política desatada en toda la provincia, el cuerpo original de aquella ley fue restituido. Partiendo de estos acontecimientos, en este artículo se propone y desarrolla el concepto de “subjetividades hidropolíticas”, como clave capaz de explicar las raíces profundas de aquella movilización en la cultura provincial. En cuanto a la metodología utilizada se recurre no sólo al análisis cualitativo de un importante corpus de información secundaria (artículos de periódicos, posteos en redes sociales, censos, entre otros) sino también a la experiencia de los autores, articulando así una narración (Benjamin, Larrosa).

Retomando algunos elementos de la obra de Félix Guattari -particularmente, el concepto de “agenciamiento colectivo de enunciación”- se analizan algunas de las sensibilidades y deseos involucrados en el conflicto minero en Mendoza. Se argumenta que, al interior de este conflicto opera una cierta subjetividad hidropolítica, que actúa como zona de tránsitos y articulaciones entre fragmentos subjetivos y procesos de singularización. Teniendo en cuenta y desarrollando algunos postulados de la literatura especializada, se postula que el Estado Provincial ha sido clave en la construcción de aquella forma de subjetividad.

A partir del análisis del conflicto minero en la provincia y, particularmente, de la movilización de diciembre, se proponen algunas claves teóricas útiles en el estudio de la conflictividad ambiental contemporánea, y particularmente, de la cuestión minera en la provincia.
Poltava Region in the Field Ethnographic Research of Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi State Historical Museum (The 1960-80s)
Authors: Zham Olena
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the review of ethnographic expeditions of the Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi State Historical Museum (since 1969 – Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi State Historical and Cultural Reserve) to Poltava region in the 1960s–80s. Attention is paid to the prehistory of these expeditions. The topics, composition of participants and results of expeditions are analyzed. It is noted that the main task of these expeditions was to identify monuments of folk architecture for the Museum of Folk Architecture and Life of the Middle Dnieper, as well as to collect items of museum importance for the acquisition of ethnographic collections. The result was the museification of six monuments: a house from the village Kuntseve, Novosanzharsky district, a windmill from the village of Popivka,Khorol district, a shed from the village of Novi Petrivtsi, Myrhorod district, barns from the village of Myrhorod district, barns from the villages of Yakhnyky and Vyshneve of Lokhvytsia district. The conclusion about high efficiency of expeditionary activity of a museum in Poltava region is made. This region has become a priority of the museum’s research activities. According to the scale of collection work in Poltava region, the expeditionary activity of museum workers was second only to the survey of rural settlements of Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi district of Kyiv region.
Cooperation from Outside: Security Regionalism in Central Asia and Its Limits
Authors: Mayer Sebastian
Published: October 2021

The degree of institutionalized cooperation on security among three or more of the five Central Asian states remains moderate. Currently, regional security is nurtured in part via frameworks provided by external state and nonstate partners. A rational institutionalist perspective has been invoked, suggesting demand for regional security cooperation. This view also insinuates that it would be reasonable for these five states, because of their limited resources, to rely largely on external cooperation partners instead of being self-organized. This article discusses additional causal factors possibly responsible for the low degree of regionalism. Given varying foreign policy preferences and Kazakhstan’s consistent backing of far-reaching security regionalism, the argument that autocracies generally refrain from deep security cooperation cannot be sustained, nor does the sea change in Uzbekistan’s foreign policy in 2016, which could serve to nurture security regionalism in the future, align well with this argument.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KELUARGA BAGI ANAK TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN ANAK
Authors: Hebatullah Haniefa
Published: October 2021

Keluarga merupakan suatu lembaga pendidikan pertama dan utama, yang sangat menentukan masa depan suatu kehidupan keluarga. Keluarga juga merupakan suatu wadah dan tempat untuk tumbuh dan berkembangnya anak secara keseluruhan. Dengan demikian keluarga berarti mempunyai peranan yang sangat besar dalam membentuk jiwa dan kepribadian seorang anak, karena baik buruknya pribadi dan jiwa anak sangat tergantung dari keluarga atau kedua orang tuanya. Kepribadian merupakan suatu sifat yang menjadikannya sebagai ciri tersendiri dari orang lain yang tercerminkan dari tingkah laku, cara berbicara, dan cara berfikir. Seorang anak juga memiliki Hak dalam keluarga yang harus diberikan oleh keluarga, terutama kedua orang tua.
PENTINGNYA PERSATUAN DAN KESATUAN DALAM MEMBANGUN NKRI
Authors: Mafakhir Muhammad Miftachul
Published: October 2021

ABSTRAK-Dalam membangun persatuan dan kesatuan dalam melindungi Negara republik Indonesia kita harus bisa mewujudkan kebersamaan, saling bahu-membahu,dan hidup rukun merupakan wujud keserasian dan keselarasan dalam masyarakat yang menjadi faktor pendukung untuk mencapai kemajuan dan kejayaan bangsa Indonesia. Apabila seseorang sudah mementingkan kepentingan individu yang tidak memperhatikan kepentingan sosial, maka untuk menuju kemajuan dan kejayaan bangsa Indonesia akan sulit tercapai. Gotong-royong merupakan wujud dari kerukunan hidup masyarakat yang di mana hidup rukun merupakan hidup yang terjauh dari perselisihan atau konflik antar masyarakat.maka dari itu kita harus selalu manjaga persatuan dan kesatuan untuk menjaga Negara kita ini. Apabila kerukunan tersebut tidak ada dalam masyarakat maka gotong-royong ini tidak akan ada dalam masyarakat. Dengan demikian, sifat kebersamaan dan saling bahu-membahu harus tertanamkan pada setiap warga negara Indonesia. Faktor yang terpenting untuk menuju kejayaan dan kemajuan bangsa Indonesia adalah persatuan dan kesatuan semua warga negara Indonesia. Dengan asas kebersamaan, saling bahu-membahu, dan hidup rukun yang dilakukan oleh semua pihak, maka semua permasalahan-permasalahan yang ada dalam Negara ini cepat terselesaikan.