bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DISBIOSE E METABOLISMO
Authors: Santos Bárbara Paula da Silva , Aguiar Leandro Lúcio de
Published: October 2024

Considerando que nas últimas décadas tornou-se cada vez mais evidente que a saúde metabólica está intrinsecamente ligada ao estado do microbioma intestinal, o estudo da disbiose intestinal faz-se necessário. Esta caracteriza-se por um desequilíbrio na composição e função da microbiota intestinal e emergiu como um fator de risco significativo para distúrbios metabólicos. Objetiva-se explorar os mecanismos subjacentes pelos quais a disbiose intestinal impacta a saúde metabólica, examinando como as alterações na microbiota intestinal podem desencadear respostas adversas no hospedeiro humano. Para tanto, procedeu-se à avaliação dos estudos de revisão e estudos clínicos randomizados encontrados nas bases de dados PubMed e MedLine. Desse modo, observou-se que a disbiose intestinal revelou-se como um fator considerável no desenvolvimento e na progressão de distúrbios metabólicos, incluindo obesidade, resistência à insulina, diabetes tipo 2 e doenças cardiovasculares. Além disso, a microbiota intestinal está envolvida na síntese de vitaminas, na metabolização de compostos bioativos e na proteção contra patógenos, o que permitiu observar e concluir que a disbiose tem impacto profundo e decisivo nas doenças inflamatórias, na regulação de apetite e ganho de peso, no metabolismo de nutrientes e na resistência à insulina.
ADMINISTRATION AND SOCIAL JUSTICE – EQUITY, INCLUSION, LEGALITY
Authors: TROANTA Dragos
Published: October 2024

Public administration today faces a multitude of challenges driven by the dynamic and complex realities of the modern world. These challenges are significantly influenced by democratic developments that demand the adaptation of administrative practices to new standards and requirements, alongside the considerable advancements in research on administrative phenomena. Despite the progress achieved, contemporary society does not fully guarantee equity and social justice. Disparities in access to resources and opportunities persist among different social groups, contravening the ideal of an inclusive society where every individual can realize their maximum potential, regardless of their background or life circumstances. In this context, public administration emerges as a domain where inequities and social exclusion are prominently observed and can be effectively addressed. Transparent and participatory exercise of public authority holds the potential to rectify deviations from social justice standards, with education forming the bedrock of this transformative process.
From Bureaucracy to Digital Efficiency: AI Adoption in Romania’s Public Sector
Authors: Staiculescu Oana
Published: October 2024

Offering digital public services is a critical goal in the digitalization of public sector organizations. Particularly during the pandemic, when face-to-face services faced challenges due to lockdowns and public reluctance, institutions in Romania upgraded and extended their digital offerings. This article explores the journey from bureaucratic processes to embracing artificial intelligence (AI) solutions in the Romanian public sector. It examines the current state of AI adoption, challenges, opportunities, ethical considerations, and case studies. By analyzing successful implementations, we highlight how Romania is transitioning from traditional bureaucracy to digital efficiency through AI integration.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Public Services in Romania
Authors: VOINEA Camelia Raluca
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) poses a challenge to the adaptability of every entity in the face of rapid evolution across social, cultural, economic, legal, and other domains. Programmed to evolve faster than human beings, this technology offers advantages across various branches and fields of activity, but it also introduces a series of risks. While these risks are anticipated, their verification can only occur after AI implementation. This study examines the European and national legal framework related to artificial intelligence, the benefits and drawbacks of AI usage in Romanian public services, as well as the adaptability of this technology within those services. It also explores AI-based programs used in public administration and their impact on citizens. This work serves as a starting point for further analysis in this domain.
Implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation in Romania: problems, perspectives, solutions
Authors: Bunceanu Victoria Delia
Published: October 2024

In the context of the accelerated development of new technologies and the evolution of artificial intelligence programs, in the context of more and more discussions related to the digitization of public services, interoperability, cross-border data transfer, Big Data, fake news, deep fake, hybrid warfare and cyberattacks we must admit that it is necessary to find quickly solutions to give to all data subjects the right to have control over their personal data. Legislative solutions are not enough. Can a state, through a correct, coherent, constant information of citizens and their institutionalized training in the field of privacy protection to reach through prevention, to ensure effective protection of personal data? Using comparative analysis as a research method, we have identified good practices of implementing GDPR in several European countries. The results obtained through the analysis of the data collected by the open-ended questionnaire and the interview research methods revealed to us the real needs of the Romanian citizens. Having good practices models for implementing GDPR in several European countries and the real needs of the population regarding the data protection field, we aim to provide solutions to improve the implementation of the GDPR in Romania.
Comparative study on remote work regulation in public administration in Romania and France
Authors: Mihăilă Georgiana Mădălina
Published: October 2024

Remote working is a topic that has gained momentum in recent years in both the private and public sectors. Even if this concept was not new in the private sector, policies to implement telework have been accelerated in all fields in the context of the epidemiological crisis caused by the SARS- COV-2 virus. The year 2020 has thus therefore brought about a paradigm shift in the global economy in terms of the way employees work, with the effects also visible in public administrations around the world. Remote working, also known as telework, has both advantages and disadvantages. While in the private sector each employer is free to develop its their own policies on telework, public administrations have had to regulate the concept in order to prevent possible negative effects and to ensure fairness, balance and unity across all their bodies. Adapting to new ways of working has been a priority in countries such as France, and the similarity of the administrative systems in the two countries creates the necessary prerequisites for a comparative study based on content analysis. The subject of telework in the public sector is also important from a human rights perspective, as the issue of differential treatment and benefits for employees in the private sector compared to the public sector has been raised, which could also lead to reluctanceto take up positions in public administration.
Property security. Regulation and compliance in the light of the urban planning and land planning code
Authors: MANEA Gabriela
Published: October 2024

In this article, I wanted to carry out an analysis of the issues regarding the security of private property and public property, through the prism of the regulations of the Urban Planning and Territorial Development Code (current approved Project), bringing to the fore the fact that its provisions affect the right to public property and the right to private property, through the legalization of buildings that were built without a building permit or in violation of it, but also through the fact that construction will be allowed on green spaces, thus violating a fundamental right, the right to life, by affecting long-term environment.Reviewing the opinions of some specialists in the field and from the specialized literature regarding the text of the law, on the effects it will inevitably produce, predictable or not, I tried to highlight the problems that local public authorities will face, precisely because this normative, has in its content lacunar regulations, contains a legislative vacuum, which will put the authorities in borderline situations, in the impossibility of issuing building permits under legal conditions. A Code of Urban Planning and Territorial Development should come together with the Norms of its application, in order to apply the legislative provisions in a unitary and non-interpretable way, thus respecting the principles of the rule of law.
Exploring the concept of evil in Japanese anime: a multifaceted perspective
Authors: MINEA Valentina Andrada
Published: October 2024

Beyond its captivating narratives and stunning visuals, Japanese anime offers audiences worldwide a unique window into Japan's rich history, culture, philosophy and values. Within this vast and diverse universe, there exists a recurring and multifaceted thematic exploration — theodicy and the philosophy of 'evil'. This study aims to comprehensively deconstruct and examine the portrayal of 'evil' in Japanese anime emphasizing its substantial relevance within the broader discourse of Japan's soft power. Characters' behaviors, actions, curses, lability, suffering, natural disasters, wars, natural humanity, monsters are presented in a way that prompts viewers to question the true nature of evil, if there is any. Fundamental to this study is the notion that 'evil' in anime is not an absolute, fixed concept, but rather an ephemeral perspective. Moreover, sometimes anime delves into the unconventional portrayal of the supreme beings as evil, challenging traditional dichotomies of g(o)od and (d)evil, which from a certain reality-level do not exist anymore. In anime, the only things that exist are will and power, the way that they are used being a matter of perspective. What is the systematic cycle of evil in anime and how will it affect the next generation's mentality.
The public's overwiev on the introduction of games, play, and gamification in Romanian libraries
Authors: CERNAMORIȚ Paula Grațiela
Published: October 2024

Games, play and gamification are essential for all ages because they allow players to develop useful 21st century skills such as digital literacy, critical and scientific thinking, problem solving, comprehension and communication skills, storytelling skills, etc. The new generation of digital natives requires a different approach in learning new things and libraries could take advantage of that by using gamification on learning content. In this way, libraries could become more welcoming spaces, more open to the public and much more interested in what the public wants. To find out what people think about the idea of playing games at the library, the idea of libraries using gamified activities or if the public would like to use gamified apps on the library websites, a questionnaire-based survey was administered on Facebook and WhatsApp between February 2 and February 8, 2024. Analysis of the answers obtained shows that the Romanian public is open to the idea of libraries where reading, communicating, socializing, acquiring knowledge in various fields such as literature, history, geography can be combined in a fun and enjoyable way with play, games and gamification. Respondents would also like to use gamification on library websites such as a book lending app.
SUBSTANTIATION OF THE CONSTITUTIVE MODEL OF FROZEN GROUND
Authors:   Empress Catherine II St. Petersburg Mining University, TRUSHKO V. L. , BAEVA E. K. ,   Empress Catherine II St. Petersburg Mining University
Published: October 2024

The article examines the results of research into changes in physical and mechanical properties of frozen rocks from external factors and loading parameters. The environmental parameters that have the greatest influence on the mechanical behaviour of frozen rocks have been determined. The strength and deformation properties of frozen rocks at different temperature, loading conditions, moisture and ice content are presented. The constitutive models used to describe the deformation process of frozen rocks taking into account the impact of the natural environment are analysed. Dependences between stress and deformation, features and limitations of the considered constitutive models of frozen rocks are described. The prospective use of the developed constitutive models is assessed and the directions of their development for calculation and design of engineering structures in the Arctic zone are proposed.
Optimalisasi Manajemen Risiko untuk Keberlanjutan Perusahaan Industri di Era Digital
Authors: Rahmi Hayatur , Andrean Karina , Hasibuan Abdurrozzaq
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini membahas pendekatan manajemen risiko yang diterapkan oleh perusahaan industri untuk menghadapi kompleksitas lingkungan bisnis yang berubah dengan cepat. Era globalisasi dan digitalisasi telah mempercepat dinamika bisnis dengan perubahan teknologi, fluktuasi ekonomi, pergeseran regulasi, dan perubahan preferensi konsumen. Hal ini menekankan pentingnya manajemen risiko yang komprehensif dan adaptif sebagai strategi untuk menjaga keberlanjutan dan stabilitas operasional perusahaan di tengah ketidakpastian yang terus berkembang. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi strategi mitigasi risiko yang efektif, seperti diversifikasi, hedging, asuransi, dan pengembangan kontinjensi, yang menjadi kunci dalam mengurangi dampak negatif dari risiko yang teridentifikasi. Selain itu, faktor-faktor penting yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan manajemen risiko, seperti komitmen pimpinan puncak, kepatuhan terhadap regulasi, serta penggunaan teknologi informasi yang tepat, dianalisis secara mendalam. Temuan penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan kontribusi praktis dan akademis dalam pengembangan strategi manajemen risiko yang adaptif, responsif, dan proaktif. Selain itu, hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi bagi praktisi dan akademisi dalam mengembangkan kebijakan dan praktik manajemen risiko yang lebih efektif dalam menghadapi tantangan bisnis di masa depan.
Analisis Manajemen Proyek dengan Metode CPM (Critical Path Method) pada Pembagunan Rumah Subsidi di Perumahan Sultan Area City Kota Pinang
Authors: Fadila Nur , Suliawati Suliawati , Arfah Mahrani
Published: October 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan waktu penyelesaian proyek dan efesiensi waktu sehingga dapat diperoleh penyelesaian proyek yang optimal serta meminimalisir biaya dalam penyelesaian proyek tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menerapkan manajemen proyek dengan metode CPM (Critical Path Method) pada pembangunan rumah subsidi di perumahan sultan area city Kota Pinang. Dari hasil pengolahan data yang dilakukan setelah menerapkan manajemen proyek (CPM) pada pembangunan rumah subsidi perumahan Sultan Area City memperoleh waktu Normal 33 hari dengan jumlah biaya sebesar Rp.93.335.431,9 , dan waktu dipersingkat yaitu 28 hari memperoleh biaya sebesar 98.335.431,6 menggunakan penambahan jam kerja / lembur 45 jam dan memperoleh biaya lembur sebesar Rp. 4.499,999,7, sehingga mendapatkan jumlah Slope biaya sebesar Rp. 889.999,94.
Re-Desain Trolly Pallet yang Ergonomis pada PT DSV Solutions Indonesia
Authors: Syahdani Rama , Suliawati Suliawati , Novarika Wirda , Khoir Rizal Abdul
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai risiko cedera kerja dan melakukan re-desain trolly pallet ergonomis untuk para pekerja picker di PT DSV Solutions Indonesia. Skor ketidaknyamanan dalam melakukan pekerjaan manual material handling menggunakan metode Nordic Body Map (NBM) menunjukkan hasil 31 untuk picker satu dan 35 untuk picker dua, keduanya berisiko rendah; 51 untuk picker tiga dan 54 untuk picker empat, keduanya berisiko sedang. Rata-rata skor keseluruhan adalah 42,75, yang termasuk dalam kategori risiko cedera sedang, menunjukkan kemungkinan perlunya tindakan perbaikan di masa mendatang. Berdasarkan pengukuran antropometri picker, rancangan trolly pallet yang ergonomis memiliki spesifikasi sebagai berikut: tinggi pegangan 121 cm, lebar 100 cm, panjang 120 cm, roda berdiameter 5 inci (12,7 cm), dan diameter pegangan 5,08 cm. Rancangan ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi risiko cedera dan meningkatkan kenyamanan serta efisiensi kerja para pekerja picker. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya desain peralatan kerja yang ergonomis untuk mendukung kesehatan dan keselamatan pekerja dalam lingkungan industri logistik.
TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO DO AUTISTA (TEA) E EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA: ESTRATÉGIAS E PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS PARA A MINIMIZAÇÃO DO PRECONCEITO NAS ESCOLAS
Authors: Pedrosa Gabriel de Albuquerque , Junior Waldyr Barcellos , Oliveira Luciana Maia Lavio , Valio Marcelo Roberto Bruno , Rodrigues Charllyngton Fábio da Silva , Dos Santos Anita Terezinha Scaranello , Gomes Carina Dorneles , Mangaroti Adriane Aparecida de Souza Mahl , De Carvalho Márcio Roberto Bezerra , De Andrade Selmileia Franciane , Aguiar Cleidiane Pereira Santos , Oliveira Jessica Sabrinne Araújo Amaral
Published: October 2024

This research aimed to investigate and propose pedagogical strategies and practices to minimize prejudice in relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in schools, promoting an inclusive educational environment. The methodology adopted involved a review of the literature on inclusive education, ASD and successful experiences in educational institutions, as well as interviews with educators and experts in the field. The results revealed that the continuous training of teachers, the awareness of the school community and the implementation of adapted didactic resources are fundamental for the effective inclusion of students with ASD. The analysis demonstrated that, although challenges such as prejudice and lack of understanding persist, initiatives that promote empathy and cooperation can transform school culture, benefiting not only students with autism, but the entire community. In conclusion, the research emphasizes the importance of a joint effort between educators, families, and public policies to ensure that inclusion becomes a practical reality and that diversity is valued, contributing to the formation of a more just and welcoming society.
Experimental Investigation of Solar Air Heater with Energy Storage Unit
Authors: A. Mahmood Abdulrahman , Ahmed Mustaffa Saleem
Published: October 2024

The present study investigates a single-pass solar air collector (SAC) linked to a thermal energy storage unit. This system is designed to store energy by using a cement mortar molds storage bed during daylight hours and subsequently reutilize it at night. A solar collector was used in this research, which was consecutively connected to the cement mortar molds bed. High-density cement mortar molds (570 kg) were used as a storage medium. The experiments were conducted on clear days for two random days at a constant airflow rate (0.0217 kg/s) for the climate of Mosul City, Iraq. The study assessed the parameters influencing the thermal performance of the SAC integrated with the cement mortar molds storage bed. Measurements of solar radiation intensity and air temperatures at various locations were recorded. The data indicated that the cement mortar molds storage bed achieved a temperature difference of approximately 10? post-sunset, with this difference sustained for 4-5 hours. The cement mortar molds bed demonstrated the capability to retain heat for an extended post-sunset, releasing it during nighttime.
Construction and validation of an instrument for early detection of stuttering in children between 2 and 2 years 11 months based on speech motor control and linguistic skills
Authors: Sandoval Yasna , García Virginia , Roco-Videla Angel , Rojas Carlos
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Stuttering is a speech disorder that affects a significant percentage of children in early childhood, characterized by interruptions in the verbal flow. Approximately 3% to 8% of children aged 2 to 6 years have this disorder, and although a high percentage show spontaneous recovery, 20% do not. Early detection is crucial to facilitate intervention and improve recovery prognoses. This study aims to develop and validate an instrument for early detection of stuttering in children aged 2 to 2 years and 11 months, based on speech motor control and linguistic skills.Methods: A quantitative approach was adopted with a descriptive and cross-sectional design. An instrument was constructed that included questions about background and diagnosis, validated by experts using Aiken's V index. It was applied to a sample of 34 caregivers, analyzing internal consistency with Cronbach's Alpha.Results: The instrument showed a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.9360, indicating high reliability. Factor analysis revealed that the instrument measures a single dimension related to stuttering risk. Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant, and all items had saturations greater than 0.55.Conclusions: The developed instrument is consistent and reliable, allowing for early detection of stuttering. Its application will help caregivers identify the need for professional intervention, contributing to improving recovery prognoses in children at risk of stuttering
Post-operative rehabilitation in a hospital setting for people with scoliosis: a narrative review
Authors: Raposo Carla , Oliveira Daniela , Severino Sandy , Faleiros Fabiana , Albuquerque Geyslane , Ferreira Bruno , José Helena , Sousa Luís
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Idiopathic scoliosis, known as a three-dimensional alteration in the shape and position of the spine, is highly prevalent in children and adolescents. It causes major motor, respiratory, social and psychological limitations. After determining the degree and location of the scoliosis, corrective surgery may be indicated in the most advanced situations.Objective: Identify rehabilitation programs to be implemented for people undergoing corrective surgery for scoliosis, in the post-operative period, in a hospital setting.Methods: A narrative review was carried out using a bibliographic search on EBSCOhost, with the words: scoliosis, hospitalization, postoperative period, rehabilitation, nursing, functionality, exercises, physical, postural and pulmonary, over the last 5 years.Results: The 9 studies included were mostly primary, focused on knowledge and instruction for people with scoliosis, the importance of respiratory and motor rehabilitation, body balance and self-care in activities of daily living. Several authors suggest building rehabilitation protocols for people with scoliosis, from pre- to post-surgery, due to the gains in functionality and quality of life that can be achieved.Conclusions: The core areas of rehabilitation intervention for people undergoing corrective surgery for scoliosis in the post-operative period are functional respiratory re-education, functional motor re-education and re-education of body balance and self-care.
Perception of modification of the habituation component in users undergoing rehabilitation programs for drug addiction
Authors: Becerra Mery Catalina Alexandra Estefanía , Bonta Sepúlveda Diego Ignacio , Jerez Briones Amsi Gemali , Valverde Soliz Mauricio , Iturra Cañas Janett Isabel
Published: October 2024

Introduction: addiction is classified as a brain disease, causing alterations in neurochemical functioning. It is also considered a chronic and transgenerational disease, with cultural, environmental, and individual predispositions. Psychosocial rehabilitation addresses these factors, creating collaborative spaces with a multidisciplinary team of professionals.Methods: qualitative approach with a hermeneutic phenomenological design. A semi-structured interview was conducted with 5 participants in October, who had started their substance use between the ages of 13 and 22, and were in the first or second stage of rehabilitation.Results: within the trajectory of substance use, it was observed that individuals begin using at an early age due to parental negligence during adolescence. Additionally, the loss of roles and significant relationships due to substance use is described, but they find in the rehabilitation center an opportunity to regain roles and habits. As an emerging theme, personal projections related to job reintegration are valued.Discussion: the positive influence of rehabilitation centers on the recovery of roles and habits in individuals with addictions is highlighted. It is also concluded that the rehabilitative environment within the center is crucial, but its effectiveness depends on factors such as camaraderie and equipment. Furthermore, despite the efforts toward social and job reintegration, participants face obstacles due to social stigmas.
The Difficult Management of Depressive Symptoms in a Patient with Myasthenia Gravis: A Case Report
Authors: Garcia Pereira Bruno , Barreto Alcântara Guilherme José , Garcia de Alencar Júlio César , De Paula Pessoa Rebeca Mendes
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Depression in patients with Myasthenia Gravis (MG) can be multifactorial, involving biological, psychological, and social factors. Depressive manifestations may arise as a result of the emotional impact of a chronic and potentially disabling condition, as well as from neurobiological changes associated with the disease or immunosuppressive treatment. Method: In this article, we report a case of a 51-year-old man diagnosed with MG and concomitant depressive symptoms. Treatment was initiated with sertraline 150 mg/day and trazodone 50 mg/day. Results: The choice of psychotropics should be made with caution, opting for drugs with a lower likelihood of affecting neuromuscular function. SSRIs are the most effective drugs for treating depression in patients with MG, and it is advisable to avoid drugs with anticholinergic effects, such as tricyclics and haloperidol. Conclusion: Caution is important when prescribing psychotropic medications to patients with MG due to the risk of affecting neuromuscular transmission.
Active learning strategies in entrepreneurship. Perceptions and experiences of students at a Mexican University
Authors: Macías González Gizelle Guadalupe , Jiménez Padilla Alma Azucena
Published: October 2024

The intention of the educational research was to explore the expressions of students after experiencing various active learning strategies to enhance entrepreneurship. In 2023, an educational research project was conducted at a public Mexican university with three groups and two teachers. At the beginning of the course, the students' initial perceptions of the strategies were obtained. Subsequently, during the teaching-learning period, these strategies were guided by the teaching team. At the end of the course, the same students were asked to narrate their experiences with these strategies, and a thematic content analysis of the written narratives was conducted. The results indicate that the students' expressions were mostly positive and encouraging, especially in the early stages, though they declined slightly by the end, with nearly nine out of ten students expressing the intention to start a business someday. Learning through projects, conducting laboratory practices, receiving feedback-mentorship and counseling, attending conferences and visiting companies, and presenting business plans were the strategies perceived as most successful. Meanwhile, collaborating among peers and with teachers from various disciplines was less well received, yet still above 80% in the final evaluation. The students expressed the need for teacher support and solid institutional organization. The findings suggest improvements for teaching entrepreneurship at the university level through active learning, highlighting the challenges of entrepreneurial education.
The vital role of sustainable chemistry
Authors: Van Cauwenberghe Cecilia
Published: October 2024

The vital role of sustainable chemistry

Prof. Dr. Cecilia Van Cauwenberghe, PhD, MSc, BS, MBA, Research Director at Everest Group, sheds light on sustainable chemistry, including how breakthrough innovations drive global change. The modern world confronts numerous challenges, from environmental degradation to the urgent need for sustainable resource management. The broader chemistry enterprise is central to addressing these issues, playing a pivotal role in advancing innovative solutions that benefit the Earth and its inhabitants. Chemistry and its practitioners are vital in developing technologies that support the UN 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), ensuring that human progress does not come at the planet’s expense. (1)
First insights into global permafrost-agroecosystems and recommendations for policymakers
Authors: Jones Melissa Ward
Published: October 2024

First insights into global permafrost-agroecosystems and recommendations for policymakers

Melissa Ward Jones discusses a recent paper published in Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research of the first global study on permafrost-agroecosystems, published by members of the International Permafrost Association Permafrost-agroecosystem Action Group. When one thinks of high-latitude and mountainous regions, one usually thinks of cold and snow, not agriculture. But agriculture does occur in these areas. The climate of these regions limits the options for which crops to grow, and chosen animal species, such as yaks and reindeer, are adapted to cold. These regions also contain permafrost, or perennially frozen ground, a unique feature of these regions. The response to thawing permafrost, caused either by climate warming or land use change for cultivation, is varied (Ward Jones, 2024). These responses range from simple increases in ground temperatures to ground surface collapse when permafrost is ice-rich. The presence of permafrost and its response to thaw can add additional challenges to agricultural activities.
Making preclinical sepsis research stronger, faster, and more responsive to patients
Authors: Lalu Manoj M , Jahandideh Forough , Salim Saad Y , McDonald Braedon , Mendelson Asher
Published: October 2024

Making preclinical sepsis research stronger, faster, and more responsive to patients

Sepsis represents a significant global burden. The National Preclinical Sepsis Platform (NPSP) is leading vital sepsis research, informing policy, driving innovation, and ultimately saving lives. Sepsis is a devastating condition triggered by the body’s extreme response to an infection. Patients with sepsis are often admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU), where they are given a barrage of life-saving treatments to combat the infection and restore basic organ functions like breathing and circulation. Despite our medical advancements, mortality rates for sepsis remain unacceptably high, with 30-50% of patients dying from this condition. In Canada, sepsis accounts for one in every 18 deaths and imposes a staggering $1.7bn burden on the healthcare system each year.
How positron and electron reactions shape the universe we live in
Authors: Vayenas Constantinos G
Published: October 2024

How positron and electron reactions shape the universe we live in

Constantinos G. Vayenas from the University of Patras, Academy of Athens explores how positron and electron catalysis of neutrino hadronization has created the mass of our universe. For the first time, the mechanism of the violently exothermic formationof hadrons (e.g., neutrons and protons) from ambient neutrinos has been presented in several recent publications, (1 – 4) including a Springer Nature book. (5)
The role of digital twins in driving sustainability
Authors: Abu-Hassan Kamal , McElhone Deborah , Cassey Barrie
Published: October 2024

The role of digital twins in driving sustainability

As the pharmaceutical sector endeavours to become more sustainable, we hear how digital twins – virtual replicas of systems or products that can help predict performance – are supporting the industry in its efforts. The manufacturing sector is facing growing pressure from consumers, regulators, and investors to reduce its environmental impact. The shift towards more sustainable pathways is not only driven by regulatory compliance but also by future-proofing businesses in a world where resources are finite. This shift is clear in the pharmaceutical industry, which is striving to enhance the economic and environmental efficiency of its manufacturing processes while maintaining the highest quality standards.
A traditional ecological knowledge summit
Authors: Krantzberg Gail
Published: October 2024

A traditional ecological knowledge summit

The Global Center for Climate Change and Transboundary Waters (GCTW) cohosts a Traditional Ecological Knowledge Summit (1), as Gail Krantzberg (2), Peter Czajkowski, Dawn Martin-Hill, Rohini Patel, Hiliary Monteith, and Drew Gronewold explain. The Global Center for Climate Change and Transboundary Waters (GCTW) integrates hydroclimate modeling, water quality forecasting, and community-engaged mixed methods that harmonize and propagate Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK), Indigenous Knowledge (IK), and Western Science (WS) into robust 21st-century transboundary water resources governance protocols. The U.S. National Science Foundation and the Canadian Social Science and Humanities Research Council fund the Center. It supports a multinational network of researchers that is designed to promote information sharing across borders.
Karl Popper and Michael Polanyi: Two 20th century philosophers of science and their present-day importance
Authors: Deichmann Ute
Published: October 2024

Karl Popper and Michael Polanyi: Two 20th century philosophers of science and their present-day importance

Ute Deichmann, Director of the Jacques Loeb Centre for the History and Philosophy of Science at the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, discusses two prominent 20th-century philosophers and their distinctive but equally significant approaches to science. Karl Popper and Michael Polanyi shared important aspects of their biographies. Originating from intellectual circles in the Austrian-Hungarian monarchy (Vienna and Budapest) around 1900, they were expelled from their positions in Austria and Germany during the Nazi era as Jews and finally settled in the UK. Similarities can be found in their resentment of communism and their convictions that personal freedom is essential for the conduct of science. However, their philosophies concerning science differ widely.
Healthy aging: A novel therapy to reverse age-related damage
Authors: Birder Lori A , Jackson Edwin K
Published: October 2024

Healthy aging: A novel therapy to reverse age-related damage

What if we could turn back the clock on age-associated dysfunctions by using a therapy that not only treats symptoms but acts to correct the underlying pathology and restores cells to normal function? Lori A. Birder and Edwin K. Jackson from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, explain how this could be a possibility. Increases in our aging population will put substantive burdens on the public health system as well as on medical and social services. Though age is a risk factor for disease, it is often overlooked in clinical practice. Many older people suffer from more than one disease, with the likelihood of having two or more conditions rising to 60% by 75 years of age, and both aging and multimorbidity contribute to frailty, which is associated with a risk of other complications. While several pharmacologic or cell-based strategies show promise for slowing the progression of several age-associated disorders, most ‘mask’ symptoms but do not reverse the condition or restore healthy form and function. Despite the prevalence and impact of age-related disorders on quality of life in humans, a multitude of age-related conditions continue to be undertreated simply because there are few successful therapeutic options, especially minimally invasive ones, and no preventative strategies nor known modulating interventions that reverse or delay physiologic changes. To further compound the problem, the prevalence of polypharmacy in the aged population can increase the risk of drug-drug interactions, which may complicate the diagnosis of many age-associated disorders.
Catalysing vaccines and biologics manufacturing in Africa
Authors: Osier Faith
Published: October 2024

Catalysing vaccines and biologics manufacturing in Africa

Professor Faith Osier, Director of the Chanjo Hub at Imperial College London, shares her vision for vaccines and biologics manufacturing in Africa to secure lives and livelihoods and drive economic growth. The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated that Africa should not rely on donations from rich countries. Africa has the highest burden of endemic infectious diseases globally, accounting for >227mn years of health life lost, an annual productivity loss of >$800bn and an infection-related mortality of ~10m/ year. The list of diseases is long, diverse and challenging. It includes infectious diseases like cholera, Ebola, meningitis, measles, yellow fever, mpox and COVID-19, to mention a few. Some are caused by zoonotic pathogens that spill over from animals to humans. The need for local capacity to rapidly respond to known and unknown threats and to mitigate global impacts is urgent.
Fusion propulsion for exploring the solar system and beyond
Authors: Long Kelvin F
Published: October 2024

Fusion propulsion for exploring the solar system and beyond

Dr Kelvin F Long, Aerospace Engineer and Astrophysicist, leads the Interstellar Research Centre, a division of Stellar Engines Ltd. He argues that fusion propulsion will enable the full exploration of the solar system and beyond. Beginning from the last century with the first orbital satellites placed into space, humanity explored all of the planets of our solar system using robotic probes. This includes the launch of the Voyager 1 and 2 probes in 1977 which are now far outside of the solar system and headed out into interstellar space. It is feasible that in the future we may construct probes that can go much faster and further.
Protecting subterranean ecosystems for the wellbeing of surface environments and humanity
Authors: Mammola Stefano
Published: October 2024

Protecting subterranean ecosystems for the wellbeing of surface environments and humanity

Stefano Mammola, a researcher at the Italian National Research Council and coordinator of the Biodiversa+ project ‘DarCo’, emphasizes the importance of better incorporation of subterranean biodiversity in conservation agendas. Beneath our feet lies a vast and intricate network of caves, aquifers, fissures, and other voids teeming with unique life forms crucial to both human life and the environment. Groundwaters, for instance, represent the largest unfrozen freshwater reserve, serving as the primary water source for over half of the world’s population. Despite their importance, subterranean ecosystems receive minimal attention in current biodiversity and climate change agendas – a concerning oversight that demands urgent action. (1)
A call to action: Supporting our nursing workforce through improved transition to practice
Authors: Halverson Kathryn
Published: October 2024

A call to action: Supporting our nursing workforce through improved transition to practice

Dr. Kathryn Halverson, Assistant Professor in the Department of Nursing at Brock University, issues a call to action and a plea for help, urging us to listen to what new nurses are saying. The Government of Canada identified the health human resources (HHR) crisis as one of the most significant challenges facing Canada’s healthcare system (Health Canada, 2022). The International Council of Nurses cautions the worldwide shortage of nurses should be treated as a global health emergency (ICN, 2023). There is an urgent need to recruit and retain nurses and other healthcare professionals to address staffing shortages across Canada and internationally.
Large-scale data fusion in astronomy
Authors: Melchior Peter
Published: October 2024

Large-scale data fusion in astronomy

Peter Melchior, Assistant Professor of Statistical Astronomy from Princeton University, provides a compelling analysis of large-scale data fusion in astronomy. Observational astronomy constantly pushes the limits of what can be observed. We seek to peer deeper into the Universe, extend the wavelength range, or increase the spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution. Observing with the premier telescopes and the latest instruments leads to the groundbreaking advances that move astronomy forward. The discipline is defined by its instruments. Because these instruments are expensive to build and operate, significant specialization and increasingly large scientific collaborations are needed to extract the best science from the data.
Disrupting harmful gender norms: Youth at the centre
Authors: Mitchell Claudia
Published: October 2024

Disrupting harmful gender norms: Youth at the centre

Dr Claudia Mitchell, Director of the Participatory Cultures Lab, Department of Integrated Studies in Education (DISE). McGill University, tells us about the TRANSFORM project aimed at disrupting harmful gender norms and mobilizing for social change. Gender inequalities and discrimination persist glaringly around the globe. Gender-based violence stands out as one of the most widespread human rights violations. Forced and early marriage and female genital mutilation also continue to have an impact on the lives of young people. The United Nations has identified transforming harmful gender norms as a critical goal among its 17 Sustainable Development Goals for 2030.
The Chief Directions of Scholarly Activity of the St. Petersburg Conservatory
Authors:   St. Petersburg Rimsky-Korsakov State Conservatory, Degtyareva Natalia I.
Published: October 2024

The St. Petersburg Conservatory, the oldest higher music education institution in Russia, celebrated its 150th anniversary in 2012. Such a significant date provides a good reason to summarize the results and determine the prospects for further development. In this regard, the review of the Conservatory’s scholarly activities proposed in this article returns numerous times to the events of the jubilee year as one of the essential points of reference. The article highlights the academic schools, the priority thematic areas in the study of music theory, music history, folk music, the early Russian art of singing (including here the theory of fret organization, the current issues of the legacy of J. S. Bach, the study of the works of Russian composers and those outside of Russia, issues of the philosophy and aesthetics of music, the history of the Conservatory, work with archival materials, publications of sources and documents); the interaction of the scholarly and educational processes characteristic for the Conservatory is highlighted; information is provided about the conferences and symposia, scholarly publishing projects and contacts with international musicological organizations (IMS). Particular attention is paid to the sensational disclosure — the discovery at the St. Petersburg Conservatory of the orchestral voices of Igor Stravinsky’s Funeral Song, an early work by the composer, long considered irretrievably lost.
Influence of Senior High School Strand on the Academic Performance in College
Authors: Perez Kimberly
Published: October 2024

The influence of a senior high school (SHS) on academic performance in college is an interesting topic that involves exploring how the specific curriculum and focus of senior high school education can impact students’ success in higher education. In this context, this study explored the influence of senior high school strands on the academic performance of Accountancy students. Data for this descriptive study were collected from 128 respondents using a 30-item, self-made data-gathering instrument that has passed rigorous tests for validity and reliability. The data show that age and senior high school strands significantly influence students’ academic performance in foundational knowledge. However, the level of influence of the SHS strand and the level of academic performance have no significant relationship. This suggests that regardless of the specific strand a student pursues during their SHS years, their performance in higher education is not directly affected by this choice. Keywords: Accountancy, senior high school strand, academic performance, Negros Occidental, Philippines
Reading Comprehension of Key Stage 2 Learners
Authors: Bohol Jane Keithly
Published: October 2024

Reading comprehension is a critical learning skill for all students, as it is the process of simultaneously extracting and constructing meaning through interaction and involvement with written language. There are many reasons why children may have difficulty understanding what they read, including a lack of vocabulary, fluency, and word recognition. In this premise, this study aimed to determine the reading comprehension levels of key stage 2 learners in terms of vocabulary, fluency, and word recognition. The study was tested on 83 key stage 2 learners using a self-made questionnaire that passed stringent tests of validity and reliability. The data were statistically analyzed using the mean, t-test, and analysis of variance. Overall, the reading comprehension level of key stage 2 learners was at an instructional level. When grouped according to four variables, the reading comprehension level of key stage 2 learners in all three areas is at the instructional level. Further, no difference was found in the reading comprehension level of key stage 2 learners in all three areas when compared by their profile variables. Learners’ instructional rating in the three areas stems from poor vocabulary knowledge and less mastery in reading basic sight words that impede them from comprehending the given reading material. These calls for DepEd authorities, reading implementers, and school stakeholders to consider the reading profile of key stage 2 learners in proposing reading programs and in the development of localized instructional materials. Keywords: Reading comprehension, Key Stage 2, learners
Teachers’ Competence in Information and Communications Technology
Authors: Medez Arnold
Published: October 2024

Given the pervasiveness of technology in today’s schools, the proficiency of educators with information and communications technology (ICT) is critically important. This study aims to determine teachers’ competence in information and communications technology in technology operations, pedagogical skills, and professional competency. Data for this descriptive study was collected from 90 respondents using a 30-item self-made data-gathering instrument that has passed the rigorous validity and reliability test. The assembled information was dealt with using the mean and Mann-Whitney U-tests. Results revealed that teachers had a high level of competence in ICT in technology operations and pedagogical skills and a moderate level in the professional area. A difference was found in the teachers’ ICT competence in three areas when compared according to sex, and a difference was also found in the professional area when compared according to age. The result provides evidence that teachers are proficient in ICT; however, their ICT competence varies based on gender and age. This study calls for a continuous, high-quality training program in all regional secondary schools to maintain teachers’ ICT competence. Keywords: Information and Communications Technology, ICT Competence, Secondary School Teachers, Negros Oriental