bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The spectrum of viruses isolated from Pulsatilla pratensis (Ranunculaceae) a native plant of Ukraine
Authors: Shydlovska О. А. , Andriychuk Е. N. , Kompanets T. A.
Published: May 2016

The article is devoted to virus screening of wild plants of Ukraine’s flora. The object of the research is the Red Book plant Pulsatilla pratensis (L.) Mill., which grows on the territory of Kanev Nature Reserve. Isolated isometric infectious virus-like particles with diameters of 34, 36, 43, 47, 50 and 57 nm were isolated from selected plants of P. pratensis. In our research, determination of the infectious nature of the pathogen, host range, concentration of viruses in plants, species identity and virus isolation from the mixture in mixed viral infections were carried with using indicator plants. The typical viral symptoms were observed on indicator plants: browning of the leaf plate, mottling, chlorosis and necrosis. All symptoms were systemic and could be caused by a variety of viruse species. Virions with sizes from 34 to 43 nm produced the necrotic and chlorotic spotting on Chenopodium amaranticolor Coste and Reyn. On the other hand, virions with sizes from 47 to 57 nm produced the necrosis, chlorosis and deformation of the leaf plates on Cucumis sativus L. That is not typical for viruses previously discovered on P. pratensis. The viruses isolated in these plants viruses were cumulated in small concentrations and rapidly lost their infectivity. The number of isolated viruses was insufficient for their identification. Four bacteriophage isolates with long phage tails of different size were isolated from P. pratensis roots and radical soil. The biological (lytic) activity towards the tracer bacteria, the morphology of negative colonies, and bacteriophage protein structure were characterized. According to our research, it is possible to divide phages into three subgroups that probably correspond to three different types of viruses. Results of the polypeptide analysis may reflect an evolutionary process in a population of phages that had a common ancestor. Comparison of phage proteins of different hosts shows a variety of molecular weights of polypeptides comprising up to several dozens of proteins. The results of the current work lay the basis for studying the spread of viruses in nature and determination of their relationships in biocenoses.
On the distribution of Siphonops paulensis Boettger, 1892 (Gymnophiona: Siphonopidae): four new Brazilian state records
Authors: Mott Tamí , Correia Larissa Lima , Almeida João Paulo Felix Augusto de , Lisboa Barnagleison Silva , Guarnieri Míriam Camargo
Published: May 2016

Siphonops paulensis Boettger, 1892 is a Neotropical siphonopid caecilian widely distributed in South America. Herein, we fill knowledge gaps in the distribution of S. paulensis mostly in northeastern Brazil, including four new state records.
Ant species (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of forest fragments and urban areas in a Meridional Amazonian landscape
Authors: Santos-Silva Lorhaine , Vicente Ricardo E. , Feitosa Rodrigo M.
Published: May 2016

In this paper we list the ant species collected in both remaining forests and urban areas in a South Amazonian landscape. The list includes 102 species, of which 29 are new records for the state of Rondônia, Brazil. This work demonstrates the gap in ant biodiversity surveys for Meridional Amazon as well as encouraging further research in this region.
Reptiles of the Parque Estadual de Itapuã, state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil
Authors: Filho Gilberto Alves de Souza , Verrastro Laura
Published: May 2016

Herein we provide a list of reptiles from Parque Estadual de Itapuã, a conservation unit of integral protection located in the municipality of Viamão, state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil and inserted in the domains of the Pampa Biome. The study was carried out from February 2003 to July 2004. We recorded 39 species: 23 snakes, eight lizards, four testudines, three amphisbaenians and one crocodilian. Through the knowledge of the species in the area, we justify the importance of preserving this important natural remnant.
Rulyrana erminea (Torres-Gastello, Suárez-Segovia and Cisneros-Heredia, 2007) (Anura: Centrolenidae): distribution and range extension, Peru
Authors: Mercado Daniel Alcides Rodríguez
Published: May 2016

Rulyrana erminea is an endemic glass frog from Peru associated to rainforests, bamboo forests, streams and converted areas. Previously, the species was known from a single female specimen. Herein, I report four additional specimens from three new localities, among them the first male specimens and the first record for the Department of Cusco, the new southernmost record for the species, extending its distribution 111.5 km airline to the south. The species is recorded between 370 – 870 m a.s.l. One specimen was found inside the Machiguenga Communal Reserve.
Symphimus leucostomus Cope, 1869 (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae): distribution extension in the Pacific lowlands of Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: García-Grajales Jesús , López-López Yolanda , Buenrostro-Silva Alejandra , Mata-Silva Vicente
Published: May 2016

An adult Symphimus leucostomus Cope, 1869, was found 2 km N of the village La Cofradía, in the Municipality of San Pedro Mixtepec, state of Oaxaca, México. This record represents the southernmost location of the species, and fills a gap between reported localities in southeastern Oaxaca in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, and the mouth of the Balsas River in the state of Michoacán.
Medium and large-sized mammals of RPPN Estação Veracel, southernmost Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Falcão Fábio De Carvalho , Guanaes Deyna Hulda Arêas , Paglia Adriano
Published: May 2016

One of the largest private reserves in the Atlantic Forest is the RPPN Estação Veracel, which along with the contiguous forested area of the Pau-Brasil Ecological Station, is an important part of the remaining Atlantic Forest of southern Bahia. We carried out an inventory of medium and large mammals in the Reserve during a 16-month camera trap survey, as well as conducted interviews with park rangers and searched for direct/indirect records, which revealed 33 species belonging to nine different Orders. Among the species recorded, six are categorized as threatened in the national list and four in the IUCN global list. The RPPN harbors species which are crucial to the ecosystem, many of which are in decline and threatened by high hunting pressure and reduction of habitat. The results confirm the relevance of the RPPN as a Key Biodiversity Area (KBA) for globally threatened species.
Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Guarulhos, state of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Chaves Maria Ester , Uieda Wilson , Bolochio Cristiane Espinosa , Souza Cláudia Almeida Igayara de , Braga David De Almeida , Ferreira Carlos Henrique , Firmo Carlos Leandro , Mariano Rebeca G. G. Calaça , Oliveira Kelly Cardinale Silva de , Santos Eduardo Guilherme dos , Da Costa Fábio Moreira
Published: May 2016

The present study provides a record of the bat fauna captured in Guarulhos, state of São Paulo, Brazil, between February and November 2011. The capture sessions were carried out using mist nets set on trails, around and above streams and lakes, near built areas and around livestock. After a total effort of 26,208 m2.h, we recorded 17 bat species belonging to Phyllostomidae (13 species), Vespertilionidae (3) and Molossidae (1). Sturnira lilium (73 captures), Artibeus fimbriatus (69), and A. lituratus (59) were the most abundant species, corresponding to 57.8% of all captures. Some information about shelters was also commented. This paper is the first to report Molossops neglectus for Guarulhos.
A checklist of the mammals (Mammalia) of Chihuahua, Mexico
Authors: López-González Celia , García-Mendoza Diego F.
Published: May 2016

An updated list of the mammals of Chihuahua state, Mexico was assembled from the literature and from museum specimens. We documented 133 species (15 endemic to Mexico and 11 new for Chihuahua), representing 25 families, 75 genera, and 27.4% of the Mexican terrestrial mammalian fauna. Four species are probably extirpated from the state. Four major ecoregions have been defined for Chihuahua: Arid, Valleys, Sierra, and Quebradas. Species richness was the highest in Valleys, and consisted mostly of species with Nearctic affinities. In contrast, Quebradas were the least species-rich, but included mostly Neotropical species that occur only in this ecoregion of Chihuahua. Despite the fact that Chihuahua harbors considerable biodiversity and unique Mexican biomes, conservation efforts are insufficient. The current rate of anthropogenic modification in the state requires a comprehensive strategy if Chihuahua’s biodiversity is to be preserved.
Noctuidae moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera) with Iranian type locality
Authors: Shirvani Asghare
Published: May 2016

A list of 358 noctuid species with Iranian type locality, is proposed belonging to 21 subfamilies. Moreover, the original combination, citation of the original description and synonymy of each species are presented. Xyleninae, Noctuinae and Hadeninae subfamilies constitute the greatest part of the Iranian fauna. The highest numbers of species of these three subfamilies have been recorded from the provinces located in the Zagros and Elburz mountain ranges, by 95 (26.5%), 81 (22.7%) and 46 (12.9%) species, respectively. The genus Hadena Schrank 1802, represented by 29 species and subspecies, composes the highest number of taxa in the list. The map indicates the locations of the country and its main mountain chains.
Leaf classes, foliar phenology and life forms of selected woody species from the tropical forests of central and southern Eastern Ghats, India
Authors: Stephen Azariah , Anupama Krishnamurthy , Aravajy Soupramanien , Livingstone Chrispus
Published: May 2016

A checklist of selected woody species of Angiosperms is provided with the aim of classifying their life forms, foliar phenology and leaf classes from the tropical forests of central and southern Eastern Ghats, India. Though there are checklists available for the plants of the Eastern Ghats, a comprehensive listing of quantitative foliar measurements as done in other parts of the world, leading to valuable inputs for Plant Functional Type (PFT) classification, has not thus far been done for this key biogeographic zone of India. The list, gathered from 388 individual plants through the study area, encompasses 156 species and 3 infraspecific taxa which belong to 116 genera and 50 families. Of the total 159 taxa, 83 are evergreen and 76 are deciduous. 135 taxa are trees, 13 are shrubs 10 are climbing shrubs and one hemiparasite. Among the leaf classes of species, mesophyll dominated with 87 species, followed by notophyll (39), microphyll (24) and macrophyll (9). Hence, quantitative leaf trait measurements for selected woody species and the methodology for such studies in the tropics is the unique contribution of the present paper to the existing state-of-the-art.
Erythroxylaceae, Erythroxylum subsessile (Mart.) O.E. Schulz in Espírito Santo: Distribution extension
Authors: Barbosa Suzana Bissacot
Published: May 2016

Erythroxylaceae have tropical and subtropical distribution with four genera and about 250 species. Erythroxylum is the biggest genus of the family with approximately 100 species cited for Brazil. Erythroxylum subsessile (Mart.) O.E. Schulz is a species cited just for Rio de Janeiro state and now first recorded for the state of Espírito Santo, increasing its area of distribution.
First record of Megaselia rufipes (Meigen, 1804) (Diptera: Phoridae) from Uruguay with notes on biology
Authors: Gonzalez-Vainer Patricia , Castro Manuel , Remedios Mónica , Morelli Enrique , Martínez María , Disney R. Henry L.
Published: May 2016

Megaselia rufipes (Meigen, 1804) is recorded for the first time in Uruguay, extending the Neotropical distribution of this taxon. The specimens were collected in a cemetery in Montevideo with ball-traps baited with carrion, placed inside crypts, from June to November 2011. Records of M. rufipes for the Neotropical Region tend to be sparse, but it is known from Brazil and Chile. According with its current distribution, M. rufipes tends to favour milder climates; our record from the more southern, cooler, part of the Neotropical Region is consistent with this perception.
Checklist of the genus Aparasphenodon Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 (Anura: Hylidae): distribution map, and new record from São Paulo state, Brazil
Authors: Neto Antonio Mollo , Teixeira Jr. Mauro
Published: May 2016

The distribution of the genus Aparasphenodon is mapped and we report the southernmost record of Aparasphenodon brunoi from São Paulo state, Brazil.
Chironius fuscus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Serpentes: Colubridae): distribution extension, new state record and variation in southern Brazil
Authors: Filho Gilberto Alves de Souza , Moura-Leite Julio Cesar de , Matias Emilson Grochoski , Morato Sérgio Augusto Abrahão
Published: May 2016

The colubrid snake Chironius fuscus (Colubridae) is a widely distributed species in South America, exhibiting a disjunct distribution associated to rainforests of Amazonia and Eastern Brazil (from Pernambuco to Paraná States). In this study, we present new distributional data from Paraná state and extend the known range to the state of Santa Catarina. We also present meristic and morphometric data of the southernmost populations of the species.
New records of the cicada genus Fidicinoides Boulard and Martinelli, 1996 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Fidicinini) from the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: Maccagnan Douglas Henrique Bottura , Martinelli Nilza Maria , Pereira Nirélcio Aparecido , Neto Sinval Silveira
Published: May 2016

Fidicinoides picea (Walker, 1850) and Fidicinoides poulaini Boulard and Martinelli, 1996 are recorded for the first time from the state of Mato Grosso, extending the known distribution of these species to the south. Thereby, the number of Fidicinoides species from Mato Grosso is increased to nine, being Mato Grosso the state with the largest number of recorded species of this genus in Brazil.
First report of Artibeus bogotensis Andersen, 1906 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) for Peru
Authors: Calderón Wendy , Pacheco Victor
Published: May 2016

Artibeus bogotensis (Phyllostomidae: Stenodermatinae) is reported for the first time for Peru. This record is based on the re-identification of a subadult female specimen collected at the Jenaro Herrera Research Center, District of Jenaro Herrera, Province of Requena, Department of Loreto, Peru. The comparative study between Artibeus bogotensis and other Artibeus species (Artibeus glaucus and Artibeus anderseni) was based on morphological and morphometric analyses. This noteworthy record means an expansion of its known distribution and, also, adds another bat species for Peru.
Akodon serrensis Thomas, 1902 (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sigmodontinae): records in Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil
Authors: Testoni André F. , Fumis Jaqueline , Althoff Sérgio L. , Tortato Fernando R. , Cherem Jorge J.
Published: May 2016

We report Akodon serrensis Thomas, 1902 from three localities in the state of Santa Catarina, in southern Brazil. The specimens were identified based on cytogenetic and craniometric analyses. These are the first records of A. serrensis collected in Santa Catarina, which extend the range of this species ca. 330 km S.
New records and geographic distribution map of Typhlops amoipira Rodrigues and Juncá, 2002 (Typhlopidae) in the Brazilian Rainforest
Authors: Brito Polyanne Souto de , Freire Eliza Maria Xavier
Published: May 2016

This study presents the first records of Typhlops amoipira to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome and expands its geographic distribution up to 1033 km northward of the type locality. The record for Piaçabuçu, state of Alagoas, can be justified by contact with the dunes of the São Francisco River. However, although dunes and restinga are present in other locations such as Nísia Floresta and Atlantic Forest areas in the municipalities of Coruripe and São José da Laje, Alagoas, they do not come into contact with dunes along the São Francisco River.
Hyperbaena domingensis (DC.) Benth. (Menispermaceae), new records for the Atlantic Forest from northeastern Brazil
Authors: Amorim Bruno S. , Araújo Diogo , Alves Marccus
Published: May 2016

Hyperbaena domingensis (DC.) Benth. has new records for the Atlantic Forest from northeastern Brazil. It is found in lowland coastal, sub-montane and montane remnants of Atlantic Forest as part of the forest canopy or draped over edge shrubs and treelets. It can be recognized by the ovate to oblong leaves, spiciform or paniculiform inflorescence, dichlamydeous and 3-merous flowers, drupaceous and purple (at maturity) fruits, and horseshoe-shaped seeds. Comments, distribution map, and pictures are presented here.
New locality records, geographical distribution, and morphological variation in Cercosaura parkeri (Ruibal, 1952) (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from western Brazil
Authors: Barreto Débora Soares , Valadão Rafael Martins , Nogueira Cristiano , Castro Carolina Potter de , Ferreira Vanda Lúcia , Strüssmann Christine
Published: May 2016

The presence of the gymnophthalmid lizard Cercosaura parkeri (Ruibal, 1952) in western Brazil is confirmed, based on vouchered records for localities in the states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul. Morphological variation in a series of 20 males and 17 females is also presented.
Wpływ ekspansji globalnych łańcuchów wartości na tendencje rozwojowe w światowym handlu
Authors: Mińska-Struzik Ewa
Published: May 2016

The article examines the influence of the expansion of global value chains on the development of world trade. Nowadays trade is rapidly intensifying, due mainly to multiple movements of parts and components between the markets on which particular phases of production processes are placed. This has led the value of trade to far exceed the value added in production. As a result of such overestimation, some conclusions have become questionable – for example, that there would occur a significant increase in the importance of developing countries in world trade and a marked shift in their comparative advantage. The article presents these and other shortcomings of traditional trade measures. It also discusses the latest developments in the design and implementation of alternative measures, aiming to increase the precision of the descriptions of world trade.
Incidence, pathomorphism and outcomes of the bronchopulmonary dysplasia associated with microaspiration of gastric contents
Authors: Bryksina E. Y. , Bryksin V. S. , Pochivalov A. V.
Published: May 2016

Today the influence of the digestive tract functional violations followed by microaspiration of gastric contents (MAGC) on the incidence, features and outcomes of bronchopulmonary dysplasia BPD) remains little studied. Focusing on this aspect makes the research actual.Objective: determination of the nature of influence of MAGC on the progress and course of BPD.Methods: 373 newborns exposed to artificial pulmonary ventilation (APV) in the neonatal period were examined. In a tracheobronchial aspirate (TBA) the marker of MAGC – pepsin –was determined. Its activity was measured by extinction value with subsequent analysis of the incidence and nature of the course of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in patients against MAGC and without it. During the three years follow-up period outcomes of BPD and features of combined pathology were established.Results: it was revealed that in children suffered from MAGC the incidence of BPD was higher and grew in proportion to the increase of pepsin activity in TBA and the reduction of gestational age. The extinction increase in TBA values was followed by the increase in duration of APV and the subsequent oxygen therapy, and also the severity of BPD clinical course. By the end of 3 years clinical recovery was detected in 55,2% of children suffering from BPD without MAGC whereas in patients with BPD against MAGC this outcome occured only in 0,9% of cases.Conclusion: MAGC is clinically significant for the etiology, pathogenesis and pathomorphism of BPD. The proposed method of early detection of MAGC and algorithm of complex therapy can reduce its severity and improve the forecast accuracy of neonatal adaptation.
Evaluation of the recombinant protein Tp0965 of Treponema pallidum as candidate antigen for serological diagnosis of syphilis
Authors: Runina A. V. , Starovoitova A. S. , Deryabin D. G. , Kubanov A. A.
Published: May 2016

Backgraund: Treponemal tests based on detection of antibodies against the T. pallidum antigens are the most specific methods for serological diagnosis of syphilis. Due to inability to cultivate this bacterium in vitro, the most promising sources of its antigens for diagnostic reactions are recombinant proteins of T. pallidum. Cloning and evaluation of the analytical value of certain T. pallidum proteins is the approach to improve the sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility of serological tests for syphilis, including possibilities of differential diagnosis of various forms of the disease.Objective: The aim of present study was to evaluate the analytical values (sensitivity and specificity) of Tp0965 recombinant protein of T. pallidum as a candidate antigen for serological diagnosis of syphilis.Methods: Tp0965 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction from T. pallidum genomic DNA (Nichol's strain) and the nucleotide sequence was cloned into the expression vector pET28a. E. coli BL-21 (DE3) cells were transformed with this plasmid, and the recombinant protein production was induced by isopropyl-β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside. Isolation and purification of Tp0965 recombinant protein from bacterial lysate was performed by metal‐chelate affinity chromatography using Ni-NTA Sepharose. The collected protein was seeded on high binding 96-well plates, which were used for ELISA with sera of patients with various forms of syphilis in comparison with healthy donors.Results: High frequency of positive ELISA results was shown with serum of patients with syphilis, compared with a group of healthy donors. The sensitivity of serological reactions using recombinant protein Tr0965 was 98.8%, specificity - 87.5%. The highest sensitivity (100%) was detected in the groups of patients with primary, secondary and early latent syphilis, while in the group of patients with late latent syphilis it decreased to 95.2%.Conclusions: We concluded that due to their specificity the recombinant protein Tp0965 T.pallidum can be used as a candidate antigen for development of syphilis serological diagnostic assays.
Planning and Arun's (not so Straight and Narrow) Roads
Authors: Van Wyk Jeannie
Published: May 2016

Arun Property Development (Pty) Ltd wished to subdivide portions of the farm Langeberg 311, Durbanville. The 1988 structure plan for the area had indicated that certain roads would traverse the property. These and other roads all formed part of a new subdivision known as Sonstraal Heights. As is customary, the ownership of the roads in the subdivision vested in the municipality in terms of section 28 of the Land Use Planning Ordinance 15 of 1985 (C) (LUPO) on the date of approval of the subdivision. Central to this provision is that no compensation is payable to the developer if the provision of the public roads is based on the normal need therefor arising from the subdivision. Since the developer was of the opinion that the roads it had provided exceeded the normal need, the issue that had to be resolved was whether compensation must be paid for roads beyond what would normally be required for a subdivision. The main issue that the courts, from the Western Cape High Court to the Constitutional Court in Arun Property Development (Pty) Ltd v City of Cape Town 2015 2 SA 584 (CC), had to deal with was whether the vesting of roads beyond the normal need therefor arising from the subdivision amounted to an expropriation of land for which compensation is payable in terms of section 25(2) of the Constitution. This case note looks at the different stages of the case, and in the process highlights the historical and legislative background and the subdivision process. It shows that the vesting of the ownership of roads in the municipality is similar to the payment of a development contribution, both of which can be categorised as deprivations of property in terms of the constitutional property clause. On 1 July 2015 LUPO was effectively superseded by the new Spatial Planning and Land Use Management Act 16 of 2013 (SPLUMA) and the Western Cape Land Use Planning Act 3 of 2014 (LUPA). Since SPLUMA does not and LUPA does contain a reference to the "normal needs" provision, the implications of Arun for the new legislative dispensation are addressed.
SIMS Lab Potsdam: Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Laboratory Potsdam
Authors: Wiedenbeck Michael , Rocholl Alexander , Trumbull Robert , Couffignal Frédéric
Published: May 2016

Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) is among the most powerful laboratory tools available to the analytical geochemist. Its strength lies in SIMS’ ability to produce high precision trace element and isotope ratio data on sample masses as small as 100 picograms. The Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences operates a fully equipped, large geometry SIMS instrument, which is supported by a comprehensive spectrum of peripheral instrumentation. This facility operates as an open user facility which supports the needs of the global geochemical community.
Negative pressure wound therapy with instillation (NPWTi): Current status, recommendations and perspectives in the context of modern wound therapy.
Authors: Bobkiewicz Adam , Studniarek Adam , Drews Michał , Banasiewicz Tomasz
Published: May 2016

Introduction of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) revolutionized the conception of wound healing. Currently, there are an increased number of studies confirmed the high efficiency of this therapy in many clinical scenarios. Moreover, some innovations have been introduced in recent years to improve the management of complex and chronic wound.NPWT with instillation (NPWTi) combines traditional NPWT with application of topical irrigation solutions within bed of the wound. Bioburden reduction, decrease time to wound closure, promotion in granulation tissue formation, fewer operative visits have been revealed using NPWTi compared to standard NPWT.However, there are still some questioned aspect of the NPWTi and thus its superiority over standard NPWT has not been fully indicated. Moreover, based on current studies no firm conclusions have been taken concerning the type of instilled solution preferably used, range of dwell- time phase, range of negative pressure and others.The main goal of the publication is to overview and summarize the current state of art concerning NPWTi. Moreover, mechanisms of action, review of the most common used instilled solution are discussed and clinical evidence of NPWTi are described.
DIMENSÃO ECONÔMICA DA SUSTENTABILIDADE: uma análise com base na economia verde e a teoria do decrescimento
Authors: Garcia Denise Schmitt Siqueira
Published: May 2016

A sustentabilidade já é um tema vital nas discussões norteadas no mundo quando se fala em manutenção da vida na terra. Essa sustentabilidade deve ser amparada por suas três dimensões, a ambiental, a social e a econômica. A dimensão econômica deve ser vista como o desenvolvimento da economia com a finalidade de gerar melhoria na qualidade de vidas das pessoas. Para tanto no presente artigo a discussão traçada será acerca da importância da economia verde para o alcance da dimensão econômica da sustentabilidade, bem como uma análise da Teoria do decrescimento. Seu objetivo geral é analisar a ligação direta entre a dimensão econômica da sustentabilidade com a economia verde e a Teoria do decrescimento. Para elaboração foi utilizado o método indutivo, com as técnicas do referente, das categorias e do fichamento.
DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL AO MEIO AMBIENTE ENQUANTO ELEMENTO CONSTITUTIVO DA DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Coutinho Carlos Marden Cabral , De Morais Jose Luis Bolzan
Published: May 2016

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo demonstrar como a efetivação do direito fundamental ao meio ambiente se apresenta como um pressuposto para a construção do Estado Democrático de Direito. Para tanto, apresentar-se-á inicialmente uma discussão a respeito do conceito de democracia, com o intuito de evidenciar que, em pleno século XXI, a democracia não pode mais ser vista como um direito limitado de participação política, devendo ser entendida como a capacidade que cada um tem de construir a própria realidade. Nesse contexto, o direito fundamental ao meio ambiente se destaca, na medida em que representa e incorpora uma série de elementos mínimos de condições para uma vida digna, sem os quais se mostra inviável se falar em construção da própria realidade. Por fim, apontar-se-á que a relevância do direito fundamental ao meio ambiente fez com que o Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento - PNUD o reconhecesse como Objetivo do Milênio, consagrando o papel de destaque que sua efetivação tem para a vida das pessoas.
COLETA SELETIVA DIGITAL: INCLUSÃO SÓCIOAMBIENTAL A SER PROPOSTA NA CIDADE DE ANÁPOLIS - GO
Authors: Queiroz Renata Casanova , Brito Edson de Sousa , Silva Priscilla Santana
Published: May 2016

A presente pesquisa propõe tratar da viabilidade e possibilidade de SE implantar um sistema de Coleta Seletiva Digital em Anápolis- GO-Goiás, com vistas à inclusão socioambiental e digital de catadores de material reciclável da região. O objetivo do projeto é desenvolver uma cultura de coleta seletiva digital, com foco no aumento das capacidades e oportunidades no uso das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação. Para tanto, propõe verificar a viabilidade econômico-ambiental da inserção dos catadores de material reciclável nesse processo de desenvolvimento e a possibilidade da prática social de coleta seletiva digital na cidade de Anápolis- GO-Goiás para, a seguir, sugerir, na região, o uso da internet, através da inclusão produtiva de catadores de material reciclável por meio da criação de um site como viabilizador do processo de separação do lixo e de sua coleta. A necessidade de preservação ambiental, fundamentada no princípio da prevenção, muito antes ao da reparabilidade do meio ambiente requer, para tanto, iniciativas de políticas sociais, efetivas e eficazes, no caso em estudo, através da coleta seletiva digital. Logo, propõe-se, com a pesquisa, desenvolver uma consciência ambiental possibilitada por meio de uma cidadania participativa e inclusiva que coadune com a era digital. Para lograr êxito, o trabalho pautar-se-á na pesquisa bibliográfica de autores renomados sobre o tema e, ainda, na pesquisa de campo, com aplicação de questionários à população e, também, com a criação de site, cujos dados obtidos quanto aos resultados serão analisados qualitativamente.
BALLAST WATER AND BIOINVASION: BRAZILIAN LEGISLATION AND THE PROTECTION OF MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS
Authors: Costa Beatriz Souza , Ribeiro Luiz Gustavo Gonçalves
Published: May 2016

This article analyzes the use of water as ballast to balance the vessels, as well as the existing legislation in the country that protects, monitors and punishes those who are responsible for illegal shedding in national jurisdiction waters. That is important, considering ballast water has become a national and international risk with serious consequences such as bioinvasion. It was discovered that ballast water has become one of the fastest forms of marine pollution because it acts quietly. In an attempt to avoid environmental and economic losses, several conventions and international treaties were agreed between countries such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982, adopted in Montego Bay. At the national level, Brazil has important institutions for marine environmental protection such as ANVISA, the National Health Surveillance Agency; ANTAQ, National Agency of Waterborne Transport and broad legislation such as Law (6938/81), the National Environmental Policy; the Criminal Environmental Law (9.605/98) and, specifically, NORMAM 20, issued by the Brazilian Navy’s Directorate of Ports and Coasts, which states that every ship to moor at national ports must prove the exchange of ballast water at sea. The research used the legal and theoretical methodology, deductive reasoning and literature from technical and government sites. The results show that Brazil has a concern over the issue and the national legislation proves the effort to prevent marine pollution. However, research in the field is necessary so that invading organisms are discovered prior to the pollution. In addition to that, legislation and supervision must be improved.
Stormy Sunset: Old age and recluse: A Study on elderly people in Karbi Anglong district of Assam, A case study of Diphu Town
Authors: Choudhury Dr. Mousumi
Published: May 2016

This paper intends to investigate the plight and predicament of the elderly people in a certain geographical area (Karbi Anglong District of Assam). Given the increasing plight of elderly people in today's materialistic world wherein love, care, dedication and selfless efforts of the parents get a severe nudge by their own children, the question that occupies us to search out the reasons for such frailty in human nature. A couple of factors interplay in such disorder and decline of human values that figure out in the literature as well as the micro level research that we have conducted in the course of the study. The helpless condition of the elders and their broken mind in most cases lie in their private life due to the embarrassment and pain attached to it. Though the problem is psycho social, none can ignore economic and cultural factors also to understand the problem. Karbi Anglong district is inhabited predominantly by the tribal population along with the significant presence of diverse communities. It is observed that the marginalization, abuses and torture on the elders are aplenty on the communities like Assamese, Bengali, Bihari etc. and this prompted us to concentrate our study on the aforesaid groups.
Effect of CO2, Nd:YAG and Er:YAG Lasers on Microtensile Bond Strength of Composite to Bleached-Enamel
Authors: Basir Mahshid Mohammadi , Rezvani Mohammad Bagher , Chiniforush Nasim , Moradi Zohreh
Published: May 2016

Background:

Tooth restoration immediately after bleaching is challenging due to the potential problems in achieving adequate bond strength.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of surface treatment with ER:YAG, ND:YAG, CO2lasers and 10% sodium ascorbate solution on immediate microtensile bond strength of composite resin to recently bleached enamel.

Materials & Methods:

Ninety sound molar teeth were randomly divided into three main groups (n:30) : NB (without bleaching), HB (bleached with 38% carbamide peroxide) and OB (bleached with Heydent bleaching gel assisted by diode laser). Each group was divided into five subgroups (n:6) : Si (without surface treatment), Er (Er:YAG laser), CO2(CO2laser), Nd (Nd:YAG laser) and As (Immersion in 10% sodium ascorbate solution). The bonding system was then applied and composite build-ups were constructed. The teeth were sectioned by low speed saw to obtain enamel- resin sticks and submitted to microtensile bond testing. Statistical analyses were done using two- way ANOVA, Tukey and Tamhane tests.

Results:

µTBS of bleached teeth irradiated with ND:YAG laser was not significantly different from NB-Nd group. Microtensile bond strength of OB-Er group was higher than NB-Er and HB-Er groups. The mean µTBS of HB-CO2group was higher than NB-CO2group; the average µTBS of HB-As and OB-As groups was also higher than NB-As group.

Conclusion:

Use of Nd:YAG, CO2lasers and 10% sodium ascorbate solution could improve the bond strength in home-bleached specimens. Application of ND:YAG laser on nonbleached specimens and Er:YAG laser on office-bleached specimens led to the highest µTBS in comparison to other surface treatments in each main group.
Technical Challenges of Spinal Cord Stimulation Lead Placement in Morbidly Obese Patients
Authors: Sastry Sanjay , Nussear David , Gillespy Albert , Berger Kristina
Published: May 2016

Background and Aims:

This paper details the technical challenges involved in the placement of spinal cord stimulator (SCS) leads in morbidly obese patients. It also provides tips for aiding in placement of these devices.

Objective:

This paper aims to suggest techniques which may assist in solving commonly occurring difficulties in SCS placement in the morbidly obese patient.

Design:

Technical note

Setting:

These challenges commonly occur in an outpatient surgery setting or hospital setting.

Conclusion:

There are an increasing number of morbidly obese patients that require a SCS for chronic pain control management. Techniques have been identified to overcome these challenges in placement of SCS leads.
Assessing Implicit Cognition Among Patients Lost to Follow-up for HIV Care: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Houston Eric , Lyons Thomas , Wolfe Brenda , Rolfsen Norma , Williams Maryanne , Rucker Monique , Glick Nancy
Published: May 2016

Objective:

While a growing body of research indicates that implicit cognitive processes play an important role in a range of health behaviors, the assessment of these impulsive, associative mental processes among patients living with HIV has received little attention. This preliminary study explored how multidimensional scaling (MDS) could be used to assess implicit cognitive processes among patients lost to follow-up for HIV care and develop interventions to improve their engagement.

Method:

The sample consisted of 33 patients who were identified as lost to follow up for HIV care at two urban hospitals. Participants were randomly assigned to either the MDS assessment program or control group. All participants underwent measures designed to gauge behavioral change intentions and treatment motivation. Assessment group participants were interviewed to determine their reactions to the assessment program.

Results:

The MDS assessment program identified cognitive processes and their relationship to treatment-related behaviors among assessment group participants. Assessment group participants reported significantly greater behavior change intentions than those in the control group (p=.02; Cohen’sd= 0.84).

Conclusion:

MDS shows promise as a tool to identify implicit cognitive processes related to treatment-related behaviors. Assessments based on MDS could serve as the basis for patient-centered clinical interventions designed to improve treatment adherence and HIV care engagement in general.
Synthesis and In-vitro Antifungal Evaluation of 5- Pyrazolones
Authors: Gupta Poonam , Gupta Jitendra K.
Published: May 2016

A series of 4-chloro-3-methyl-N-(substituted phenyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1- carbothioamide were synthesized using earmark reaction of thiosemicarbazides and ethyl-2-chloroacetoacetate in DMF. All structures of the synthesized compounds were distinguished on the basis of IR,1H-NMR,13C-NMR and also elemental analysis. Synthesized Compounds were examined their potent antifungal activity using disc diffusion technique against three fungal pathogens vizAspergillus niger, Candida albicansandCurvularia. Fluconazole were used as standard drug respectively. All compounds exhibited good to moderate activity.
The isolation and screening of microalgae for the production of oil
Authors: Danilovic Bojana , Cvetkovic-Rakic Jelena , Ciric Jovan , Simeunovic Jelica , Veljkovic Vlada , Savic Dragisa
Published: May 2016

The biodiesel production has gained increasing attention of the researches in
recent years. Current commercial biodiesel production involves
transesterification of oil derived from oil crops. Since this production is
no more sustainable, the use of microalgae represents a good alternative.
Microalgae have high growth rate, high oil content and can be cultured in
the environment which are not suitable for agriculture. Additionally,
microalgae cultivation improves the reduction of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere. Selection of microalgae for oil production must take into
consider certain criteria which include growth rate, oil content, fatty
acids profile and ease of separation. In order to analyze the possibility of
the use of microalgae for the production of oil, isolation of freshwater
microalgae was performed. The isolation was done by the use of traditional
techniques from freshwaters near Leskovac. A total number of 6 microalgae
strains were isolated and identified as the representatives of the genera
Chlorococcum (1 isolate), Chlorella (1 isolate), Scenedesmus (1 isolate) and
Desmodesmus (3 isolates). Isolates of microalgae were screened for the
growth rate, biomass and oil productivity and oil content. The highest
content of biomass was 1.5 g/l and it was observed in the strains
Chlorococcum sp. and Desmodesmus sp. 1. The highest value of specific growth
rate was calculated during the growth of microalgae Chlorella sp.,
Scenedesmus sp. and Desmodesmus sp.1, while the lowest value was observed
for Chlorococcum sp. Oil productivity was the highest for Chlorella sp. and
Desmodesmus sp.1 (0,4 g/l) and the lowest for Desmodesmus sp.2, Desmodesmus
sp.3 and Chlorococcum sp. (0,2 g/l). The oil content was in the range from
15.8% (Chlorococcum sp.) to 33% (Chlorella sp). Since the microalgae
isolates Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. had the highest oil productivity,
high growth rate and high oil content, these strains are the most suitable
for further investigation in order to improve the oil yield and analyse the
possibility of the use in the production of biodiesel.
The Influence of the Eco-Control Package on Environmental and Economic Performance: A Natural Resource-Based Approach
Authors: Journeault Marc
Published: May 2016

While a growing body of literature has examined and demonstrated the influence of eco-control on organizational performance, little is known about how this influence occurs within the organization. Building on a natural resource-based view, the aim of this study is to investigate the extent to which the eco-control package supports environmental capabilities that, in turn, contribute to an organization's environmental and economic performance. Using survey data from a sample of Canadian manufacturing firms, the results of this study suggest that eco-control may constitute a mechanism that can support environmental capabilities in order to contribute to a firm's environmental and economic performance. More specifically, these results suggest that the eco-control package fosters eco-learning, continuous environmental innovation, stakeholder integration, and shared environmental vision capabilities that can, in turn, contribute both directly to the firm's environmental performance and indirectly to economic performance. Also, some evidence suggests that different eco-control practices support different environmental capabilities and that the simultaneous use of several eco-control practices seems to be necessary to support the implementation of a complete set of environmental capabilities.
State of Human Development: SAARC and Nepal
Authors: Poudel Hom Nath
Published: May 2016

Human Development Index (HDI) is the strongest and widely used measure of overall performance of countries. The '2014 Human Development Report - Sustaining Human Progress: Reducing Vulnerabilities and Building Resilience' provides a fresh perspective on vulnerability and proposes ways to strengthen resilience. It highlights the need for both promoting people’s choices and protecting human development achievements. It takes the view that vulnerability threatens human development and, unless it is systematically addressed, progress will be neither equitable nor sustainable. Based on the light of this recent report launched on 24 July, 2014, here in this study, an attempt has been made to global highlights of the report, comparison of SAARC countries and remarks on the status of Nepal.

Economic Literature Vol.12 2014: 50-55
My Internship in Malaysia
Authors: Gwachha Binita
Published: May 2016

Not Available.Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Education (Vol. 6), 2016, Pages: 127-140
OUTCOME OF CORTICOSTEROID INJECTION FOR SCIATICA THROUGH THE CAUDAL ROUTE
Authors: KC Nagendra Bahadur , Shrestha Sriraj
Published: May 2016

INTRODUCTION: Sciatica is an important medical problem with socioeconomic impact; its effective management remains a challenge. Approximately 80% of the total population experiences low back pain at some point in their lives which may be associated with sciatica. As it is more common in adult working group, the pain caused by sciatica can incapacitate a person fromdoing his or her normal work. So the goal of our treatment is not to cure anatomic abnormalities but rather to reduce pain, which allows the patient to engage in early rehabilitation and return to a more normal lifestyle.

METHODOLOGY: Fifty patients were initially included in the study and all patients received three injection of 4ml methyle prednisolone acetate (160 mg) and 6 ml of Normal saline that is of total volume 10 ml.at an interval of 48 hours. Among 50 study patients, five patients dropped out in subsequent follow-up. So only forty-five patients were analyzed for final results.

RESULT: The mean age of the patient was 37.53 years, majority between 30-56 years. Female who were involved in household activities dominated the study group. Comparing the mean (SD) VAS score on the day of presentation 70.00 (16.78) and on 35th day 17.89 (25.23) so it was found to be statistically significant (P<0.001). None of the patients in the study had motor weakness and none of them developed serious complications. But 12 (26.7%) patients developed transient headache after the procedure.

CONCLUSION: As the goal of our treatment was symptomatic pain relief, most of the patient’s pain improved at 2 weeks after the steroid injection with no severe complication. This was short term study with encouraging results, but larger scale and longer period of follow ups required for better results.

KEY WORDS: Backache, Caudal, Epidural steroid, Sciatica,
The prognostic value of initial tumor size in patients with Ewing Family of Tumors
Authors: DEO RAJEEB KUMAR
Published: May 2016

Ewing Family of Tumors (EFT) is a high grade embryonal malignancy, common in children and young adults (CYAs). The prognostic factors include initial tumor volume, site, presence of metastasis, and the EWS/FLI 1 mutation. Low volume disease is known to result in higher response rates and longer survival times. In a community oncology centre, longer system intervals results in higher percentage of high volume disease at presentation.

In this retrospective observational study, twelve patients with non metastatic EFT were managed on the intensive Ewing Family Tumor (EFT 2001) protocol. The patient characteristics studied were - age, sex, site, number of sites involved, bone marrow involvement and size (volume). Tumor volume was measured in non-metastatic tumors  by tri-dimensional volume.

Progression free survival (PFS) of patients with initial tumor volume ≤100 cc ranged from 30 months to 74 months (mean 56.4 months) while that for > 100 cc ranged from 19 months to 79 months (mean 40 months) (p value: 0.701). However there was trend towards better survival in patients with initial tumor volume ≤100 cc.

Conclusion: There is a trend towards better PFS in patients with smaller tumor volume at presentation. Thus initial tumor volume is a prognostic factor in Ewing family of tumors.

 