bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protoplanetary Disk Birth in Massive Star-forming Clumps: The Essential Role of the Magnetic Field
Authors: Lebreuilly Ugo , Hennebelle Patrick , Colman Tine , Commerçon Benoît , Klessen Ralf , Maury Anaëlle , Molinari Sergio , Testi Leonardo
Published: August 2021

Protoplanetary disks form through angular momentum conservation in collapsing dense cores. In this work, we perform the first simulations with a maximal resolution down to the astronomical unit (au) of protoplanetary disk formation, through the collapse of 1000 M
⊙ clumps, treating self-consistently both non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics with ambipolar diffusion as well as radiative transfer in the flux-limited diffusion approximation including stellar feedback. Using the adaptive mesh-refinement code RAMSES, we investigate the influence of the magnetic field on the disks properties with three models. We show that, without magnetic fields, a population dominated by large disks is formed that is not consistent with Class 0 disk properties as estimated from observations. The inclusion of magnetic field leads, through magnetic braking, to a very different evolution. When it is included, small <50 au disks represent about half the population. In addition, about 70% of the stars have no disk in this case, which suggests that our resolution is still insufficient to preserve the smaller disks. With ambipolar diffusion, the proportion of small disks is also prominent and we report a flat mass distribution around 0.01–0.1M
⊙ and a typical disk-to-star mass ratios of ∼10−2–10−1. This work shows that the magnetic field and its evolution plays a prominent role in setting the initial properties of disk populations.
Compact Elliptical Galaxies Hosting Active Galactic Nuclei in Isolated Environments
Authors: Rey Soo-Chang , Oh Kyuseok , Kim Suk
Published: August 2021

We present the discovery of rare active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in nearby (z < 0.05) compact elliptical galaxies (cEs) located in isolated environments. Using spectroscopic data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 12, four AGNs were identified based on the optical emission-line diagnostic diagram. SDSS optical spectra of AGNs show the presence of distinct narrow-line emissions. Utilizing the black hole (BH) mass–stellar velocity dispersion scaling relation and the correlation between the narrow L([O iii])/L(Hβ) line ratio and the width of the broad Hα emission line, we estimated the BH masses of the cEs to be in the range of 7 × 105–8 × 107
M
⊙. The observed surface brightness profiles of the cEs were fitted with a double Sérsic function using the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey r-band imaging data. Assuming the inner component as the bulge, the K-band bulge luminosity was also estimated from the corresponding Two Micron All Sky Survey images. We found that our cEs follow the observed BH mass–stellar velocity dispersion and BH mass–bulge luminosity scaling relations, albeit there was a large uncertainty in the derived BH mass of one cE. In view of the observational properties of BHs and those of the stellar populations of cEs, we discuss the proposition that cEs in isolated environments are bona fide low-mass early-type galaxies (i.e., a nature origin).
Asteroid Diameters and Albedos from NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Years Six and Seven
Authors: Masiero Joseph R. , Mainzer A. K. , Bauer J. M. , Cutri R. M. , Grav T. , Kramer E. , Pittichová J. , Wright E. L.
Published: August 2021

We present diameters and albedos computed for the near-Earth and main belt asteroids (MBAs) observed by the Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (NEOWISE) spacecraft during the sixth and seventh years of its Reactivation mission. These diameters and albedos are calculated from fitting thermal models to NEOWISE observations of 199 near-Earth objects (NEOs) and 5851 MBAs detected during the sixth year of the survey and 175 NEOs and 5861 MBAs from the seventh year. Comparisons of the NEO diameters derived from Reactivation data with those derived from the WISE cryogenic mission data show a ∼30% relative uncertainty. This larger uncertainty compared to data from the cryogenic mission is due to the need to assume a beaming parameter for the fits to the shorter-wavelength data that the Reactivation mission is limited to. We also present an analysis of the orbital parameters of the MBAs that have been discovered by NEOWISE during Reactivation, finding that these objects tend to be on orbits that result in their perihelia being far from the ecliptic, and thus missed by other surveys. To date, the NEOWISE Reactivation survey has provided thermal fits of 1415 unique NEOs. Including the mission phases before spacecraft hibernation increases the count of unique NEOs characterized to 1845 from WISE’s launch to the present.
Valeurs coopératives et nouvelles pratiques de gestion
Authors: Batac Julien , Elkaoukabi Salma
Published: August 2021

Résumé Depuis leur origine, les banques coopératives reposent sur des valeurs qui définissent leurs objectifs et façonnent leur mode de fonctionnement. Cependant, les questionnements éthiques suscités par les divers scandales financiers ont poussé les banques capitalistes à formaliser et adopter un certain nombre de valeurs en intégrant une dimension sociale et éthique dans leur modèle économique. Grâce à une étude comparative des discours des banques capitalistes et des banques coopératives entre 2005 et 2016, nos résultats montrent que les valeurs éthiques sont aujourd’hui fortement véhiculées par toutes les banques ce qui entraîne une forme de banalisation des spécificités des banques coopératives. Nos résultats révèlent aussi un paradoxe dans leur politique de communication. Alors que les valeurs d’éthique sont au cœur des banques coopératives, elles ont longtemps été négligées dans leur communication. Ce n’est qu’après la crise financière et le mouvement de convergence des banques capitalistes qu’elles ont pris conscience de l’intérêt de renforcer leur légitimité et de renouveler leurs discours.
Valeurs coopératives et nouvelles pratiques de gestion
Authors: Guillot-Soulez Chloé , Soulez Sébastien
Published: August 2021

Résumé Ce chapitre s’intéresse aux entreprises coopératives en tant qu’employeurs et propose une synthèse de la littérature sur la valorisation du modèle coopératif dans une perspective RH. Cet état de l’art souligne comment la dimension coopérative influence à la fois les pratiques RH et les perceptions de ces pratiques par les salariés actuels ou potentiels. Le chapitre met en lumière le fait que le caractère hybride des coopératives, lié à la coexistence des logiques marchande et sociopolitique, peut être source de confusion et de tensions pour les salariés, mais qu’il peut également constituer un atout pour attirer et susciter l’engagement des individus qui y travaillent. Cette synthèse permet enfin d’éclairer le travail des managers qui œuvrent au sein de structures coopératives. Il est, en particulier, montré que les DRH ont à leur disposition des outils et pratiques qu’ils peuvent adapter au modèle coopératif et au caractère hybride de l’organisation.
Valeurs coopératives et nouvelles pratiques de gestion
Authors: Mourey Damien , Konate Mariam
Published: August 2021

Résumé Les menaces qui pèsent sur la légitimité des grandes banques coopératives à se revendiquer de l’économie sociale et à se différentier des banques commerciales en raison du « plus coopératif » qu’elles prétendent apporter se sont renforcées au cours des dernières décennies. Ces grandes banques coopératives s’engagent dans des démarches de production de chiffres inspirées des principes directeurs de la norme ISO 26000 relative à la responsabilité sociétale. Il s’agit à la fois de démontrer par le chiffre la réalité de l’apport coopératif et de stimuler la participation et l’engagement des sociétaires dans le renouveau du projet coopératif. L’adoption du cadre de la norme ISO 26000 et le recours à une certification sont de nature à crédibiliser la démarche d’évaluation engagée. Toutefois, cela risque de diluer la différence coopérative au sein d’un référentiel RSE à l’ambition plus vaste et qui n’est pas spécifique aux organisations de l’économie sociale et solidaire.
« L’épidémie » de plaintes en temps de Covid-19 : en France, en Espagne et en Belgique
Authors: Bailly Jessy
Published: August 2021

La « crise sanitaire » liée à la propagation du Covid-19 (étudiée ici entre mars et juin 2020) a été marquée par un ensemble varié de recours en justice, qui peuvent paraître inédits au regard de la sociologie du droit. En prenant pour cadre de comparaison la France, l’Espagne et la Belgique, cet article interroge la portée symbolique et politique des plaintes au regard des contributions des sociologies américaine et française du droit. Il s’agit autant de rendre intelligible « l’épidémie » des recours en justice que d’explorer les manières dont elles questionnent les légitimités politiques attachées à la gestion politico-administrative de la « crise » et à l’économie politique plus généralement, qui affecte la régulation publique du domaine sanitaire.
Joint analysis of seismic and well log data applied for prediction of oil presence in Maykop deposits in Naftalan area
Authors: Aghayeva Maleyka Agha Ali ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: August 2021

The paper is devoted to joint application of 3D seismic survey and well logging techniques to study oil and gas presence in Maykop deposits in Naftalan oil field. The field is located in Naftalan-Northern Naftalan area of Ganja oil and gas province, Azerbaijan. The paper brings data about Naftalan field, the ancient brachianticline type of field in Azerbaijan. The paper also considers the history of study of the field by use of geological and geophysical techniques. Despite the studies cover the area since 1873, the oil and gas presence in Maykop has not been studied sufficiently due to sparse network of wells and insufficient amount of core samples. To avoid this gap the results of previous studies have been revised. Joint interpretation of well logging data acquired from 22 wells and data of 3D seismic survey covering the area has been done. On the basis of oil-saturation cube, we have designed the map (the area between the top and the foot of I horizon of Maykop) and 3D model of target interval. It has been defined that uneven distribution of oil saturation and poor oil recovery depends also on sedimentation environment, characterized by rapid subsidence of the basin and increasing amount of clay in the process of sedimentation. Our studies revealed that the average value of oil saturation varies as 0.5–0.6 and increases towards the North-East of the study area. In the final stage of the study we have presented the oil saturation cube and the map drawn on the basis of this cube.
Investigation of spider web oriented composite fabrics burst strength
Authors: Regassa Yohannes ,   Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Lemu Hirpa G. , Sirhabizu Belete ,   University of Stavanger, Faculty of Science and Technology, N-4036 Stavanger, Norway
Published: August 2021

Burst strength is a significant property that determines all other properties of structures to perform under induced internal pressure. In this study, the burst strength of a spider web-formed fabric structure is experimentally investigated. The spider web form orientation is prepared using Embroidery machine. A spider web develops a self-stressing nature, which offers its excellent inelasticity and provides a mechanism for competent and economical means to harmonize the local and global induced stresses in their structure. The obtained results are compared with published works on different effects of fiber architectures. The burst test result on spider web form indicated a spider web form's potential candidacy to utilize it as a future fiber orientation technique to form an enhanced composite reinforcement. However, fiber orientation influences the fiber-reinforced composite's mechanical properties. Fiber orientation via spider web form has not yet been used as a reinforcing engineering composite product. Hence, conducting rigors experimental work on spider web form reinforced composite structures can be taken as a significant step to fill the research gap.
Exact divisibility by powers of the integers in the Lucas sequences of the first and second kinds
Authors: Onphaeng Kritkhajohn ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand, Pongsriiam Prapanpong
Published: August 2021

Lucas sequences of the first and second kinds are, respectively, the integer sequences $ (U_n)_{n\geq0} $ and $ (V_n)_{n\geq0} $ depending on parameters $ a, b\in\mathbb{Z} $ and defined by the recurrence relations $ U_0 = 0 $, $ U_1 = 1 $, and $ U_n = aU_{n-1}+bU_{n-2} $ for $ n\geq2 $, $ V_0 = 2 $, $ V_1 = a $, and $ V_n = aV_{n-1}+bV_{n-2} $ for $ n\geq2 $. In this article, we obtain exact divisibility results concerning $ U_n^k $ and $ V_n^k $ for all positive integers $ n $ and $ k $. This and our previous article extend many results in the literature and complete a long investigation on this problem from 1970 to 2021.
An unusual dyspnea in an 87-year old woman affected by Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Grendene Carlo , Guerra Anna Francesca , Pietrangelo Antonello , Fiorini Massimo , Cerri Stefania
Published: August 2021

Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a progressive autoimmune disease and is characterized by eye and mouth dryness due to lymphocytic infiltration in lacrimal and salivary glands leading to tissue destruction, but it can also present systemic manifestations including lung involvement. Respiratory manifestations in pSS have a prevalence of 9-20% and can be due to airway and/or lung parenchyma involvement, such as in particular in interstitial lung diseases like lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP). LIP is an inflammatory diffuse parenchymal lung disease, which is almost invariably associated with other conditions, such as autoimmune diseases and immunodeficiency states, and usually affects women with a mean age of 50 years. We described a case of patient with LIP who was referred to our Internal Medicine Unit and the diagnostic issues related to the patient age and comorbidities.
Mondor’s disease of the penis due to asymptomatic infective prostatitis provoking episodes of secondary sclerotizing lymphangitis
Authors: Bressan Maddalena , Tessari Mirko , Cosacco Alessio Mario , Zamboni Paolo
Published: August 2021

Mondor’s disease of the penis is an under-reported condition caused by superficial thrombophlebitis of the dorsal vein or thrombosis of the deep venous network of the penis. This is a benign, self-limiting condition, characterized by a sudden, indurated swelling of the aforementioned veins. The possible causes comprise traumatism, neoplasms, excessive sexual activity, or coagulation inherited deficit. An accompanied lymphangitis is discussed, eventually as a distinct variety. The differential diagnosis must be established by the means of ultrasound, which is the imaging diagnostic technique of choice. We describe the case of Mondor’s sclerotizing lymphangitis secondary to recurrent episodes of genitourinary infection previously diagnosed as recurrent superficial Mondor thrombophlebitis of the penis.
Applying tracer gas techniques to evaluate the air distribution in flood leaching stopes
Authors: Hardcastle S , Sheikh A
Published: August 2021

Various methods of leaching are being used by Denison Mines Limited Uranium Operations. This study was designed to investigate the flood leaching operation of two parallel inter-connected stopes contained by pressure bulkheads. The leaching muck piles, created
from large scale uppers production blasts, are aerated by compressed air lines laid beneath the pile prior to blasting.
A SF 6 tracer gas, injection technique has been employed to determine the post-blast integrity of the single-ended air distribution system. SF6 was injected into the compressed air line feed to the stopes and collected at borehole exhausts from the stopes in grab-sampling bags. Analyses of the air
samples were performed with a gas chromatograph.
The system was designed to give a sufficiency of oxygen to sustain bacterial activities used to enhance the leaching recovery in the muck piles. The results obtained indicated that there is a minor anomaly in the distribution system that may not be critical to the operation. Compared to an idealized
case, the overall efficiency of aeration throughout the muck is estimated at over 85%.
Common data bases for underground mining blast fragmentation and stability studies
Authors: Labrie D , Lizotte Y , Dufresne S
Published: August 2021

The high cost of site investigations, for the purpose of geotechnical sampling, is often the main obstacle to increased utilisation of empirical and numerical models for underground excavation stability assessment. The sophistication of these models demands
tighter sampling grids and greater accuracy in the measurement of rockmass characteristics. The use of geotechnical data bases for rock fragmentation prediction and the analysis of blast vibration induced damage to underground structures can help justify site investigation costs. Further
justification can be added by considering use of the data base for drill performance analysis and drillhole deviation studies. The elements which are common to these data bases are presented. Adjustments to site investigation techniques are detailed. A case study illustrates the construction of such
a common data base and its potential use for stability analysis and fragmentation prediction.
Perfusion parameters during cardiopulmonary bypass as a predictor of acute kidney injury after aortic valve replacement
Authors: Lee Yeiwon , Kim Sue Hyun , Hwang Ho Young , Sohn Suk Ho , Choi Jae Woong , Kim Kyung Hwan
Published: August 2021

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major complication after cardiac surgery and significantly affects postoperative mortality and morbidity. This study was conducted to evaluate the association between target pump flow to achieve adequate oxygen delivery (DO2) and postoperative renal function after aortic valve replacement.Methods: From January 2017 to May 2020, 281 patients (male:female, 160:121; mean age, 68±11 years) who underwent aortic valve replacement were retrospectively reviewed. Target pump flow was calculated based on DO2 level of 280 mL/min/m2. The primary endpoint was postoperative renal dysfunction, defined as the ratio of postoperative peak creatinine level to preoperative value. The ratio of the lowest actual pump flow to the ideal target pump flow, other hemodynamic variables related with cardiopulmonary bypass, intraoperative transfusion, and preoperative characteristics were analyzed to identify factors associated with the primary endpoint using a multivariable linear regression model.Results: Preoperative and peak postoperative creatinine levels were 0.94±0.33 mg/dl and 1.15±0.56 mg/dl, respectively (ratio, 1.22±0.33). The ideal target pump flow was 4.70±0.59 L/min, whereas the lowest actual pump flow was 3.77±0.47 L/min (ratio, 0.81±0.13). The multivariable model showed that the ratio of the lowest pump flow to target pump flow (β±standard error, –0.405±0.162, P=0.013), as well as sex, stroke history, emergency operation, and transfusion of red blood cells were associated with the primary endpoint.Conclusions: Low actual nadir pump flow compared to the ideal target pump flow based on DO2 is associated with the risk of AKI after aortic valve replacement.
How do physicians and nurses differ in their perceived barriers to effective enteral nutrition in the intensive care unit?
Authors: Mirhosiny Masoumeh , Arab Mansour , Shahrbabaki Parvin Mangolian
Published: August 2021

Background: Patients hospitalized in intensive care units are susceptible to chronic malnutrition from changes in protein and energy metabolism in response to trauma. Therefore, nutritional support, especially enteral nutrition, is one of the most important treatment measures for these patients. However, there are several barriers in the hospitals in treating patients with enteral nutrition. This study was performed to compare the perceptions of care providers (physicians and nurses) on the barriers to enteral nutrition in intensive care units. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytic study. This study included 263 nurses and 104 physicians in the intensive care units of XXXX southeast hospitals. A questionnaire of enteral nutrition barriers in intensive care units was used. IBM SPSS ver. 19 was used to analyze data.Results: There was a significant difference between the two groups in the three subscales of intensive care units (P=0.034), dietician support (p=0.001>) and critical care provider attitudes and behavior (P=0.031). There was also a significant difference between having completed educational courses and the score of enteral nutrition barriers in the two groups (P<0.05); the people who received an educational course had a better perception of enteral nutrition barriers. Conclusions: Physicians and nurses agreed with the perception of enteral nutrition barriers, but there was a difference in their perception on some barriers. Strategies such as in-service training and increasing the knowledge and skills of physicians and nurses can reduce these differences.
Impact of prone position on outcomes of COVID-19 patients with spontaneous breathing
Authors: Bahloul Mabrouk , Kharrat Sana , Hafdhi Malek , Maalla Anis , Turki Olfa , Chtara Kamilia , Ammar Rania , Suissi Basma , Hamida Chokri Ben , Chelly Hedi , Mahfoudh Khaiereddine Ben , Bouaziz Mounir
Published: August 2021

Background: In this study, we explored whether early application of the prone position (PP) can improve severe hypoxemia and respiratory failure in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with spontaneous breathing.Methods: This is a prospective observational study of severe, critically ill adult COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit. All vital parameters were recorded in real time for all patients. Moreover, the results of chest computed tomography (CT), when available, were analyzed.Results: PP was applied in 21 patients who were breathing spontaneously. The application of PP was associated with a significant increase in oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry (SpO2) from 82%±12% to 96%±3% (P<0.001) 1 hour later. Moreover, PP was associated with a significant reduction in respiratory rate from 31±10 to 21±4 breaths/min (P<0.001). Furthermore, the number of patients who exhibited signs of respiratory distress after PP was reduced from 10 (47%) to 3 (14%) (P=0.04). Early PP application also led to a clear improvement on CT imaging. It was not, however, associated with a reduction in mortality rate or in the use of invasive mechanical ventilation (P>0.05 for both).Conclusions: Our study confirmed that the early application of PP can improve hypoxemia and tachypnea in COVID-19 patients with spontaneous breathing. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the beneficial effects of PP in COVID-19 patients with spontaneous breathing.
Lipase Activity of Endophytic Actinobacteria from Medicinal Plants
Authors: Lestari Yulin , Wirawan Budi , Budiarti Sri , Rahminiwati Min
Published: August 2021

Endophytic bacteria are known to reside within host plant tissue without giving a harmfull effect. The endophytes may play an important role, as they may produce similar bioactive compounds as produced by the host plant. Various medicinal plants have long been used to cure diseases. Traditionally, leaves extract of Guazuma ulmifolia, Psidium guajava, or the rhizome of Curcuma xanthorrhiza can be used to treat disease, e.g. hyperlipidemic. The mechanism can be through lipase activity, where the lipase catalyzes the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol to fatty acids and acylglycerol. The objective of this research was to assess potency of endophytic bacteria as anti-hyperlipidemic compounds producer through their lipase activity. Sixty nine endophytic bacteria which comprised of 22, 27 and 20 isolates were isolated from the leaves of G. ulmifolia, P. guajava, and the rhizome of C. xanthorrhiza, respectively. Eight out of the 69 isolates showed lipase activity, and the two selected isolates, i.e. DPG 3(2) and AJB 4(4) were considered as good lipase producers. The highest specific lipase activity of DPG 3(2) isolate was observed for 0.874 units per mg at 38 h, whereas AJB 4(4) isolates had the specific lipase activity at 1.139 units per mg after 72 h observation. These data indicate that the two selected isolates have the potency as antihyperlipidemic compounds producer through their lipase activity.
The Mapping of Quantitative Carrying Capacity Using Multi-Scale Grid System (Case Study: Water-Provisioning Ecosystem Services in Greater Bandung, West Java, Indonesia)
Authors: Norvyani Dini Aprilia , Riqqi Akhmad , Harto Agung Budi , Safitri Sitarani
Published: August 2021

Spatial modelling using multi-scale grid system is adopted to determine the threshold and distribution pattern of regional carrying capacity. Water-provisioning service is used as a quantitative approach. Closed system was applied in which it was based solely on the potential of existing resources in the region without taking in to account the flow of material in or out of the system. Steps being taken include the distribution of water demand – of land and domestics – and supply; and the determination of carrying capacity status based on the threshold of water-provisioning services. A grid system with 5″×5″ resolution is used to accommodate the various sets and scale, of data. The result shows, 82.29% of Sumedang Regency; 68.43% of Cimahi City; 61.29% of Bandung City; 60.51% of Bandung Barat Regency; and 57.34% of Bandung Regency are still able to fulfil the demands of the population.
Biodiversity of Bali Banana (Musaceae) and its Usefulness
Authors: Rai I Nyoman , Dwivany Fenny M. , Sutanto Agus , Meitha Karlia , Sukewijaya I Made , Ustriyana I Nyoman Gede
Published: August 2021

Banana (Musa spp.) is one the most important agriculture commodities in Indonesia. Archeological and molecular evidences suggest that speciation of this herb occurred in Indonesia, leading to the high diversity in the archipelago. In Bali Island, banana is not only sought for food but as well as for their symbolic role in religious and cultural ceremonies. However, the high demand for bananas in Bali is not yet supported by the adequate production of local farms. This presented study aimed to investigate the diversity of banana cultivars or sub-species in Bali and its usefulness to determine preferable cultivars to cultivate. We recorded and characterized 43 banana cultivars in 10 villages that represent the 8 regencies and 1 city of Bali province. Out of the 43 cultivars, 7 were highly used and at least one cultivar was discovered in each of the studied village.  The presence of these cultivars in the study areas were confirmed by site visit and characterization of the fruits. Among the highly ranked cultivars or species, only biu kayu is unique to Bali as it was not found in the closest provinces of East Java and Madura. Hence, the results suggested that to improve the cultivation and production of these 7 highly used cultivars could be an appropriate solution to meet Bali demand of bananas. Furthermore, cultivating biu kayu would also help conservation effort since this cultivar is also currently listed as a rare genetic resource.
Rooting System of Rice Cultivated under System of Rice Intensification (SRI) Method which Improving Rice Yield
Authors: Hidayati Nurul , Triadiati Triadiati , Anas Iswandi
Published: August 2021

The development of plant roots is known to play a very important role in the uptake of water and nutrients by rice plants. However, there are few studies on what changes, if any, are induced in the rooting systems of rice plants under System of Rice Intensification (SRI) management. This research evaluated changes of rice roots with SRI method compared to conventional method of irrigated rice cultivation and assessed influences that could improve rice yield. Under SRI management, plant roots were significantly longer and heavier than with conventional method. SRI method also increased the number of root hairs by 60%, and root hairs were healthier and more vigorous compared with conventional method. However, root respiration was not different in the two methods. There was less formation of aerenchyma (air pockets) in rice roots with SRI method, as both the number and size of root aerenchyma were lower with SRI than with conventional method. The SRI method was able to improve the root length, root dry weight compared to the conventional method. The SRI method was also able to increase the number of root hairs by 60% compared with the conventional method. Eh measurements in the soil with SRI method were higher than with conventional method. However, there was no significant different in root respiration. The aerenchyma formation of rice roots in SRI method was lower than conventional method.
An Inventory of Chiropteran Fauna in Bhubaneswar City, Eastern India
Authors: Debata Subrat , Palita Sharat Kumar
Published: August 2021

An inventory of chiropteran fauna was carried out in Bhubaneswar city, Odisha, eastern India during October 2015 and March 2016 following roost survey and mist net survey techniques. During the study a total 19 species of bats belonging to seven families including the nationally threatened Rhinolophus rouxii were recorded of which family Vespertilionidae was the most diverse one, represented by five species. Majority of 11 species are found roosting and breeding in old temples and caves and are vulnerable from renovation activities, persecution and tourism. Therefore, long term monitoring of these sites are essential to understand the population trend over time and derive appropriate conservation implications.
Bioactive Compound from Extract Filtrat Streptomyces sp.Sp1. as Biocontrol of Vibriosis on Larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii shrimps
Authors: Kawuri Retno , Darmayasa IBG
Published: August 2021

Production of Macrobrachium rosenbergii shrimp was limited by vibriosis disease. Streptomyces can be used as an alternative control of vibriosis which is caused by Vibrio anguillarum. Aplication of Streptomyces sp.1 culture could give significant different impacts (p<0.05) on the percentage of survival (SR) of shrimp larvae that had been infected by V. anguillarum compared to the control. This study was conducted to identify and determine bioactive compound of Streptomyces sp.1. The presence of bioactive compound was confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Identification of Streptomyces sp.1 by 16S rRNA partial gene sequencing method. Streptomyces sp.1 was identified to be Streptomyces sp.Sp1. There were 35 chemical compounds identified, the chemical compounds which have antimicrobial properties identified in the n butanol extract of Streptomyces sp.Sp1 are 3-Hexanone, 2-methyl (43%), n Butyl ether (19%) Nonane (CAS) n-Nonane (5.6%), Decane (CAS) n-Decane (3.2%), Hexacosane (CAS) n-Hexacosane (1.9%), Tetracontane (1.3%), Heneicosane (1.9%), Hexadeconoic acid, methyl ester (0.3%), Butane,1,1-dibutoxy (0.3%), and Limonene (0.3%). Benzeneacetic acid, 3-methoxy-.alpha.,4-bis[(tri (0.3%). These results suggested that Streptomyces sp.Sp1 had good general antimicroba activity and might have potential biocontrol antagonist Vibrio anguillarum.
Morphologycal and Molecular Partial Histone-H3 Characterization of Bintan Sea Snail Gonggong (Strombus sp.) as a Species Validation
Authors: Viruly Lily , Andarwulan Nuri , Suhartono Maggy T. , Nurilmala Mala
Published: August 2021

Sea snail gonggong is an icon of Tanjungpinang-Riau Islands Province. It is a favorite seafood item in Riau Islands Province, and is high economic value but not known widely yet. Until now, sea snail gonggong has been highly exploited but the research on this snail is very limited. The aim of this study was to morphology and molecular characterization of Bintan gonggong snail (Strombus sp.) as a species validation. Bintan gonggong snail included thick-shelled gonggong and thin-shelled gonggong. Morphology identifcation of species Bintan gonggong snail was based on morphometric variability. Molecular identifcation used partial Histone-H3, MEGA version 6.06, and bioinformatics analysis. The result showed that the morphological identifcation of thick-shelled and thin-shelled gonggong based on shell width, the lip thickness, and total weight signifcantly diﬀerent, but other variables (i.e shell length, shell depth, aperture length, and gonggong weight) were not signifcantly diﬀerent (p<0.05). Resulted of a molecular identifcation with phylogenetic analysis that the thin-shelled and thick-shelled Bintan gonggong snails were 1 species and a genetic distance of 1%. They were not species Strombus canarium, Strombus vitatus, and Strombus epidromis. Bintan gonggong snails were Strombus turturella (Leavistrombus turturella). DNA sequences of Bintan gonggong have been registered in Gen-Bank with registration numbers MH348131 (thinshelled gonggong) and MH348132 (thick-shelled gonggong).
Morpho-Agronomical Diversity of Forest Clove in Moluccas, Indonesia
Authors: Mahulette Asri Subkhan , Hariyadi Hariyadi , Yahya Sudirman , Wachjar Ade , Marzuki Ilyas
Published: August 2021

Forest clove (Zyzygium aromaticum) is a type of wild clove found in Moluccas. The increasing interest of farmers in cultivating this plant leads to complete their information of morpho-agronomical characteristics which could provide diversity reflecting morpho-agronomical their distribution areas. This study aimed to characterize the morpho-agronomical traits of Forest clove plants in Moluccas. By survey, Forest clove more than 15 year old tree totalling of 50 populations were observed their 54 morpho-agronomical characteristics in two areas (Ambon and Seram) from March to June 2018. Two aromatic cloves, namely Tuni and Zanzibar were used for comparative analysis. The results showed that Forest cloves had a similarity of 78% among the population and grouped into 3 groups with a morpho-agronomical variation of 22%. On the contrary, Forest cloves and comparators (Tuni and Zanzibar) had morpho-agronomical differences of 58%. Based on the main component analysis, there were 11 most influential characters of Forest cloves (leaf size index, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, petiole length, flower length, diameter of flower tube, ripe flower weight, fruit length, fruit width, and fruit weight) which could be descriptors for this plant species.
Photosynthetic Rate of Lettuce Cultivated on Floating Raft Hydroponic with Controlled Nutrient Solution
Authors: Lenni Lenni , Suhardiyanto Herry , Seminar Kudang B. , Setiawan Radite P.  A.
Published: August 2021

Lettuce becomes the main ingredient of salad as one of the healthy foods. The lettuce cultivation in tropical areas is often performed in highland. To reduce soil erosion and pesticide contamination, the cultivation of lettuce plants in high open land needs to be reduced. The lettuce cultivation in hydroponic system at tropical lowland requires cooling. The root zone cooling requires enormous electrical energy. However, it can be solved by controlling the temperature based on the automatically. Therefore, it has been developed control and monitoring system for the root zone on floating raft hydroponic system. This study aimed to evaluate the photosynthetic rate of lettuce cultivated in floating raft hydroponic system whose nutrient solution was controlled by the developed control and monitoring system. Statistical analysis was performed to draw the conclusions about photosynthetic variance of lettuce on two hydroponic systems, namely controlled and uncontrolled system. Furthermore, this paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN) model to estimate the photosynthetic rate of lettuce cultivated in the hydroponic systems. The ANN model was comprised of eight input (nutrient temperature, EC, pH, DO, and ORP, air temperature, air humidity, and photon flux density of photosynthetic) and one output (photosynthetic rate). It was noted that the ANN model predicted accurately the photosynthetic rate of lettuce leaves whose R2 was 0.87 for plants cultivated in floating raft hydroponic system whose nutrient solution was controlled by control and monitoring system. The ANN was useful for identifying the photosynthetic rate of lettuce cultivated in floating raft hydroponic systems on tropical lowland.
Production and Characterization of Mouse Diploid Parthenogenetic Blastocyst Developed in Phosphate-Free Medium
Authors: Budiariati Vista , Budiono Dwi , Fahrudin Mokhamad , Juliandi Berry , Rinendyaputri Ratih , Boediono Arief
Published: August 2021

Parthenogenesis is an artificial oocytes activation process without paternal contribution. Blastocyst, derived from parthenogenesis, is one of potential source for pluripotent stem cell propagation. Unfortunately, previous studies reported that parthenogenetic embryo did not achieve exhilarating blastocyst rate. One of the component that predicted inhibit parthenogenetic embryo development is phosphate. Therefore, we try to modify culture medium in order to overcome that problem. The aim of this research was to produce and analyze the characteristics of parthenogenetic blastocyst developed in phosphate-free medium. Mouse oocytes obtained from adult female DDY by superovulation. The activator was strontium chloride 10 mM and diploidization with cytochalasin B 5 μg/ml. Medium for activation and culture medium were modified rat 1 cell embryo medium (MR1ECM) which is phosphate free. The results showed that parthenotes that were cultured in phosphate free medium reached higher blastocyst rate compared to the other groups. The increase of phosphate in culture medium lead to impaired parthenogenetic embryos development. Further experiment was made to analyze the differences between fertilized and parthenogenetic embryo in this medium. The experiment showed that diploid parthenogenetic could achieve high blastocyst rate (30.9±1.3%). The quality of diploid parthenogenetic blastocyst, based on cells number, viability, and ICM ratio, was lower than fertilized blastocyst.
Apoptotic Potential of Secretome from Interleukin-Induced Natural Killer Cells toward Breast Cancer Cell Line by Transwell Assay
Authors: Widowati Wahyu , Jasaputra Diana Krisanti , Wargasetia Teresa Liliana , Eltania The Fransiska , Azizah Alya Mardhotillah , Subangkit Mawar , Lister I Nyoman Ehrich , Ginting Chrismis Novalinda , Girsang Ermi , Faried Ahmad
Published: August 2021

Breast cancer (BC) is the number one cause of deaths from cancer in women. Metastasis in BC is caused by immunosurveillance deficiency, including impairment of Natural Killer (NK) cell maturation, low NK activity, and decreasing cytotoxicity. This study was performed to improve activating receptors and cytotoxicity of NK cells using interleukin 15 (IL15) against BC cells. Human recombinant IL15 was used to induce NK cells. To evaluate the potential of IL15 in inducing NK cells, we measured the activating and inhibiting receptors (NKG2D, NKG2A), apoptotic potency of NK cells on BC cells (MCF7) using transwell assay. The IL15 inducer  on the NK cell were measured NKG2D, NKG2A gene expression with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), (GzmB) secretion using ELISA, apoptotic gene expression of MCF7 using qPCR. IL15 increased NKG2D expression 4.01-9.13%, but IL15 could not affect toward NKG2A expression on NK cells. IL15-activated NK cells, inhibited BC cells proliferation, induced apoptotic BC cells 25.89-32.19%, induced apoptotic genes of BC cells bax, p53. IL15 increase NK activating receptor (NKG2D), inhibit BC cells proliferation, induce apoptotic percentage and induce apoptotic gene expression.
Protective Signatures of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Calyx Fractions against Staphylococcus aureus in Drosophila Infection Model
Authors: Nainu Firzan , Djide M. Natsir , Subehan Subehan , Sartini Sartini , Roska Tri Puspita , Salim Emil , Kuraishi Takayuki
Published: August 2021

The rise of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-related clinical cases is an alarming chronicle for global communities. This research was conducted to examine the antistaphylococcal effect of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyx fractions in the Drosophila model. In the infection experiment, wild-type and immunodeficient Drosophila were pricked with S. aureus and subsequently subjected to fly survivorship and colony-forming assays, in the presence or absence of roselle calyx fractions. The Involvement of immune stimulation in the host antibacterial protection was assessed in vitro using cell-based luciferase reporter assay and in vivo using RT-qPCR analysis on adult flies. A declining rate of fly survivorship and augmentation of bacterial growth were observable in S. aureus-infected wild-type flies but subject to improvement in the presence of roselle calyx fractions. Cell-based analysis revealed the absence of host immune stimulation via Drosophila Toll pathway and roselle calyx fractions-treated immune-deficient flies lacking for components in the Toll pathway were protected from infection-induced early death phenotype and harbored reduced number of S. aureus colonies. Overall, our data confirmed the in vivo anti-staphylococcal activity of roselle calyx fractions in Drosophila infection model and such protective signature was devoid of host immune stimulation.
Implementation of SExI–FS (Spatially Explicit Individual-based Forest Simulator) Model using UAV Aerial Photo Data Case Study: Jatinangor ITB Campus
Authors: Kastuari Aminah , Suwardhi Deni , Hanan Himasari , Wikantika Ketut , Harto Agung Budi , Virtriana Riantini , Trisyanti Shafarina Wahyu
Published: August 2021

Landscape architecture affected by interaction between built and natural environment such as vegetation. Nowadays, landscape architects are using 3D city models for simulations, which requires highly dynamic and time-varying attributes. 3D city modelling structure has been standardized by CityGML, although researches that are related to the storing of dynamic data had been conducted for the past years, it has not been supported by any standard until this very moment. In dynamizer, it is added as a data structure into a CityGML structure that is already existed, although the existing structure is a static one. Kolbe’s research on dynamic data using CityGML called dynamizer could use the spatial data in more dynamic way by changing its geometric, thematic, or appearance data, but its purpose is not specific for trees or vegetation. In this paper, a method of simulating the vegetation growth using SeXI-FS will be discussed to show the dynamic changes that happen in vegetation as part of the dynamic changes in landscape architecture. The result of this research will be used to address the importance of information on vegetation by studying its changes in Jatinangor ITB Campus and as initial research to build dynamizer in CityGML for landscape architecture.
Structure Identification and Quality Assessment of Laccase (Lac InaCC) from Neurospora crassa by Using a Structure Prediction
Authors: Kurniasih Rini , Ambarsari Laksmi , Wahyudi Setyanto Tri
Published: August 2021

Laccases are multi-copper oxidase enzyme, developed for being applied widely. The laccase gene in this study was isolated from local isolates of Neurospora crassa (LAC inaCC). The structure of this enzyme has not been known and there is no laccase structure of Neurospora crassa based on protein structure development in database. Here, we aimed to analyze the characteristics of the sequence and prediction structure, the structure quality after refinement through the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method. LAC inaCC has been identified with typical sequence motifs (HWH, HSH, HXXH) which played role in copper-binding on 274(HWH)G-DG-T-CP on CBL-1, 314GT-WY(HSH)FS-QYG-G on CBL-2, and 607HPIHL on CBL-3. The four copper atoms have an important role in the catalytic activity. LAC inaCC is a multi-subunit enzyme consisted of three functional domains with structural motifs of Greek-key β barrel which is typical structure motif. Refinement in the prediction structure through the MD simulation showed that this method was proven to be able to improve the structure quality. The increase on the most favoured area on Ramachandran plot, clashcore percentile score, and molprobity score showed that the laccase structure headed to conformation change, to be more stable conformation with better resolution compared to earlier prediction structure.
Grain Quality of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) ‘Menthik Wangi’ of Organic Farming Yields
Authors: Siswanti Dwi Umi , Maryani Maryani , Rachmawati Fitria Yulia , Niken Aprida , Agustin Rega Virgiyana , Wulansari Niken
Published: August 2021

Organic rice is believed to have better nutrition than conventional rice. Not all organic rice grain is consumed. Most of the organic cultivation yields will be used as seed. Viability test is one of the quality test of rice seed. Viability is seed vitality that can be shown as a physiological and biochemical phenomenon. Seed that have high vigor will achieve high productivity levels as well. The aims of this research was to analyze the quality of rice cultivar Menthik Wangi of organic farming yields. The quality of rice seeds was tested by measuring the viability of seed and crude fat content. The test results demonstrate the viability of the grain has a 100% germination, 100% growth potential maximum, 99.33%, simultaneity grew, 97.33% vigor index, T50 2.33, and seed moisture content 10.67%. The fat content was conducted by soxhlet method and analyzed by T-test. The results showed that organic rice has a higher fat content (0.53%) than non-organic rice (0.24%). It can be concluded that rice seed cultivar Menthik Wangi of organic farming has a higher viability and fat content than the non-organic rice grain.
The Development of In Vitro Culture Sterilization Method of Gametophyte Explant Lopholejeunea sp.
Authors: Widyastuti Anna , Putrika Afiatry , Dwiranti Astari , Salamah Andi , Hemelda Niarsi Merry , Handayani Windri
Published: August 2021

In vitro cultures of leafy liverworts are still facing significant challenges due to high-level of explant contamination. The sterilization process can easily damage the structure of liverwort after exposure to the disinfectant. This study was to determine the concentration and time exposure of commercial bleach as a disinfectant to suppress contamination using the gametophyte culture of Lopholejeunea sp. The experiment consisted of control and six treatment combinations of commercial bleach with concentration 0.5, 0.75, and 1% (v/v), and exposure time (60 and 90 seconds). The type and location of contamination, the color of the explants after sterilization, and response after 30 days were observed. The results showed that the 0.75% bleach with 60 and 90 seconds exposure time had a lower contamination until the 7th day of culture. The most common type of contamination is bacteria and fungi that arise from the explant. Despite the contamination, it did not inhibit shoot formation. Further studies still needed to determine the type of fungicides and antibiotics with the most potent concentration and exposure time should be tested to obtain an axenic and viable culture of liverworts Lopholejeunea sp.