bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbedaan Ukuran Tubuh Serangga Polinator dan Non-Polinator yang Berkembang dan Berkunjung pada Buah Fikus Dioecious Ficus hispida L.
Authors: Fitriah Rahmatun , Sayuthi Muhammad , Jauharlina Jauharlina
Published: March 2024

Fikus (Ficus spp.) atau pohon ara merupakan tumbuhan dengan genus terbesar dari Famili Moraceae yang banyak tersebar di berbagai wialyah Indonesia. Penyerbukan di dalam sikonium (bunga yang sekaligus menjadi buah) tumbuhan fikus sangat bergantung pada serangga pollinator dari famili Agaonida ordo Hymenoptera. Spesies serangga non-polinator juga ditemukan hidup dan berkembang di dalam sikonium fikus. Diketahui terdapat hubungan korelasi positif antara ukuran serangga dengan buah F. hispida, yaitu semakin besar ukuran buah F. hispida maka semakin besar ukuran tubuh serangga polinator. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat ukuran tubuh polinator yang masuk pada fase B pohon jantan dan pohon betina F. hispida dan melihat perbedaan ukuran spesies polinator yang keluar pada fase D pohon jantan dan ukuran tubuh spesies serangga polinator yang masuk pada sikonium fase B pohon jantan F. hispida serta melihat perbedaan ukuran tubuh spesies non-polinator yang keluar pada fase D pohon jantan dan ukuran tubuh spesies serangga non-polinator yang berkunjung pada sikonium fase B pohon betina F. hispida. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran lebar kepala dan tungkai serangga polinator yang masuk pada fase B pohon jantan tidak berbeda nyata dengan ukuran lebar kepala serangga polinator yang masuk pada fase B pohon betina. Rata- rata keseluruhan lebar kepala dari ketiga spesies serangga non polinator yang berkunjung pada sikonium fase B pohon betina dan non-polinator fase D pohon jantan yaitu: 0.40 mm untuk Apocrypta bakeri, 0.45 mm untuk Phylotrpesis pilosa dan 0.43 mm untuk Phylotrypesis sp.. Ukuran lebar kepala serangga polinator yang keluar pada sikonium pohon jantan tidak berbeda nyata dengan ukuran lebar kepala serangga polinator yang masuk pada fase B sikonium pohon betina. Namun, panjang tungkai serangga polinator yang keluar pada sikonium fase D pohon jantan berbeda sangat nyata dengan ukuran panjang tungkai serangga polinator yang masuk pada fase B sikonium pohon betina.
Pengaruh Pemberian Mikoriza dan NPK Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)
Authors: Hasibuan Devi , Marliah Ainun , . Syafruddin
Published: March 2024

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis mikoriza dan dosis pupuk NPK, serta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sorgum. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2020 sampai Maret 2021 di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial 4 x 4 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor yang diteliti yaitu dosis mikoriza yang terdiri dari 4 taraf (kontrol, 5 g tanaman-1, 10 g tanaman-1 dan 15 g tanaman-1) dan dosis pupuk NPK yang terdiri dari 4 taraf (90 g bedeng-1, 120 g bedeng-1, 150 g bedeng-1 dan 180 g bedeng-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian dosis mikoriza secara keselurahan dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sorgum, terutama pada dosis 10 g tanaman-1 dan 15 g tanaman-1. Pemberian pupuk NPK secara keseluruhan dapat meningkatkan hasil dan pertumbuhan tanaman sorgum terutama pada dosis 150 g bedeng-1. Interaksi antara mikoriza dan pupuk NPK ditemui pada dosis mikoriza 10 g tanaman-1 dengan pupuk NPK 180 g bedeng-1 terhadap panjang malai, dan dosis mikoriza 10 g tanaman-1 dengan dosis pupuk NPK 150 g bedeng-1 terhadap bobot biji g tanaman-1, potensi hasil ton ha-1 dan persentase akar terkolonisasi mikoriza.The Effect of Mycorrhiza and NPK on the Growth and Yield of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)Abstrack. This research aims to determine the effect of mycorrhiza dose and NPK fertilizer dose, as well as the interaction of the two treatments on the growth and yield of sorghum plants. The research was conducted from November 2020 to March 2021 at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The research design used was a 4 x 4 factorial pattern Randomized Group Design with 3 replications. The factors observed were the dose of mycorrhiza consisting of 4 levels (control, 5 g plant-1, 10 g plant-1 and 15 g plant-1) and the dose of NPK fertilizer consisting of 4 levels (90 g bed-1, 120 g bed-1, 150 g bed-1 and 180 g bed-1). The results showed that the dosing of mycorrhiza as a whole could increase the growth and yield of sorghum plants, especially at doses of 10 g plant-1 and 15 g plant-1. The application of NPK fertilizer as a whole can increase the yield and growth of sorghum plants, especially at a dose of 150 g bed-1. The interaction between mycorrhiza and NPK fertilizer was found at a dose of mycorrhiza 10 g plant-1 with NPK fertilizer 180 g bed-1 on panicle length, and a dose of mycorrhiza 10 g plant-1 with a dose of NPK fertilizer 150 g bed-1  on seed weight g plant-1, potential yield ton ha-1 and percentage of mycorrhiza colonized roots.
The Application of Rivet, HAP, and Ecotect Programs for the Analysis of Building Envelope Parameters to Optimize Energy Efficiency and Energy Savings: A Case of Baghdad-Iraq
Authors: AKKOYUNLU Mustafa Tahir , BANEAEZ Mustafa Obaid Omar
Published: March 2024

With the growing emphasis on energy conservation and emission reduction in Iraq, there has been a rising focus on the consumption of energy in buildings. This phenomenon is attributable to its substantial contribution to aggregate energy consumption within society. Consequently, the primary focus of energy conservation research has been directed towards this particular domain. There has been a growing emphasis in energy conservation research on public buildings characterized by elevated levels of energy consumption. The examination of energy conservation in expansive public structures carries substantial practical significance and societal value. This study employs a building in Baghdad City - Iraq, as a case study. The research was centred on the execution of experiments pertaining to insulation, the ratio of windows to walls, and the thickness of window glass. A comparative analysis was undertaken through the implementation of simulations that considered the climatic conditions of the Baghdad- Iraq region. In order to evaluate energy efficiency, a variety of software applications were utilized, namely Revit, Ecotect, and Hap. The results showed that when analyzing the climate of Baghdad, it was observed that the total cooling savings ranged from 2.34% to 2.45%. As a result, it was determined that the optimal insulation thickness is 11cm. Additionally, it was observed that the energy savings in cooling remained consistent. The analysis of window-to-wall ratios has shown that the highest level of savings can be achieved by maintaining a window-to- wall ratio of 50%. During the calculation of window glass thickness, it was discovered that in the city of Baghdad, the ideal glass thickness is 2mm. This thickness leads to a 1% reduction in annual energy consumption for cooling purposes. The results of this study are significant as they can significantly contribute to reducing energy consumption. Furthermore, the authors highlight the potential for improving energy efficiency in the buildings situated within the specified study area.
Strategies for improving the detection accuracy of computerized machine vision considering spatial applications
Authors: Piao Mincheng , Song Meng
Published: March 2024

In this paper, strategies in image preprocessing, hardware composition and detection methods are considered to improve computerized machine vision detection accuracy. First, image preprocessing and image enhancement are performed to improve the quality of the input image. Second, the hardware composition of the computer vision online inspection system is optimized by focusing on the light source selection and the performance of the image acquisition card in spatial applications. Combined with spatial application calculations, methods such as frequency domain method and Canny operator are used in order to improve the accuracy of machine vision detection. Finally, in the same test environment, the machine vision detection requires only 400MB and the detection accuracy ranges from 85.13% to 99.42%. With these comprehensive strategies, this paper provides a comprehensive and effective approach for computerized machine vision detection in spatial applications to improve detection accuracy and meet demanding application scenarios.
Calidad de la dieta y estado nutricional de un grupo de estudiantes de una Universidad Pública de Paraguay
Authors: Fernández Fátima , González-Céspedes Laura
Published: March 2024

Introducción: La calidad de la dieta se refiere a la composición nutricional y equilibrio de los alimentos consumidos, lo que puede influir en la salud y bienestar a largo plazo. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la calidad de la dieta y el estado nutricional en estudiantes de una universidad pública de Paraguay. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo realizado en estudiantes universitarios. Se recolectaron dos recordatorios de 24 horas en días no consecutivos, mediante metodología de pasos múltiples, para clasificar la calidad de la dieta (muy baja, baja, moderada, buena) de acuerdo con el índice de calidad de la dieta (DQI). Se tomaron medidas antropométricas (peso talla, circunferencia de cintura) y de composición corporal, para determinar el estado nutricional. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva y pruebas estadísticas como Chi2 y prueba exacta de Fisher. El protocolo fue aprobado por la Dirección de Investigaciones, UNA_FCM_DI N° 262/2021. Resultados: Participaron 39 estudiantes universitarios, de los cuales 31 eran mujeres. El 64,1% tenía menos de 25 años y 21 (53,8%) estaban en carreras de salud. Se observó que el 64,1% de los estudiantes tenían una baja o muy baja calidad de la dieta, el 33,3% una calidad moderada y el 2,6% una calidad buena. Además, 17 estudiantes presentaron exceso de peso (43,6%) y 19 se encontraban en normopeso (48,7%). Se destacó que el 68,2% de los estudiantes sin exceso de peso tenían una dieta de baja o muy baja calidad. Conclusión: Los estudiantes universitarios evaluados en este estudio presentaron baja calidad de la dieta y desequilibrio en el aporte de macronutrientes. A pesar de esto, el estado nutricional más frecuente fue el normopeso. Se destaca la importancia de promover intervenciones para mejorar la calidad de la dieta y fomentar hábitos saludables en esta población.
Dynamic Programming Approaches for Resource Allocation in Project Scheduling: Maximizing Efficiency under Time and Budget Constraints
Authors: Goda Dileep Reddy , Vadiyala Vishal Reddy , Yerram Sridhar Reddy , Mallipeddi Suman Reddy
Published: March 2024

This study investigates dynamic programming methodologies for resource allocation in project scheduling, aiming to optimize efficiency while adhering to time and budget limitations. Exploring the theoretical underpinnings of dynamic programming, including time and budget restrictions into resource allocation models, and conducting case studies to assess actual applications are the primary goals of this project. This study utilized a thorough review process, including a synthesis of the relevant literature, an analysis of the case study, and policy implications. Among the most important discoveries are the following: the versatility of dynamic programming techniques in addressing resource allocation challenges across industries, the significance of incorporating time and budget constraints into decision-making processes, and the necessity of addressing limitations related to computational complexity, data requirements, and risk management. In the context of policy consequences, investments in computing infrastructure, data management techniques, and risk mitigation strategies are highlighted. In general, the findings of this study highlight the potential of dynamic programming methodologies to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of resource allocation within the context of a project that is affected by time and financial restrictions.
The COVID-19 infection in liver transplant recipients: A Cohort Study
Authors: Munawar Arif , Moin Naila , Sarwar Sara
Published: March 2024

The immunosuppressed state of liver transplant recipients makes them vulnerable to infections after surgery. These infections are directly correlated with the net state of immunosuppression. Higher levels of immunosuppression mean a higher risk of infection, with rates of infection typically highest in the early post-transplant period. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccines have shown efficacy in generating specific immune responses. This study aims to describe the COVID-19 infection before and after vaccination in liver recipients. This was a cohort study including 77 liver transplant recipients with laboratory radiological confirmed COVID-19. COVID-19 infection was present before vaccination in 30 patients. The most frequent COVID-19 clinical presentations before vaccination were cough in 32 patients and myalgia in 21 patients; 27 cases had oxygen depletion and required supplemental oxygen. Of the 30 COVID-19 patients, 4 patients re-experienced the disease about three months after complete vaccination. 33 liver transplant patients had not experienced COVID-19 before vaccination, of which 32 patients received vaccination. In conclusion, liver transplant patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 are at greater risk of severe infection and death compared with immunocompetent individuals. Thus, COVID-19 vaccination for all liver recipients is of paramount importance.
The Role of Gamified Environmental Interpretation in Boosting Destination Perceived Value
Authors:   University ofGranada, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Dpto. Comercialización e Investigación de Mercados, Spain, Polo Peña Ana Isabel , Fernández Ruano María Lina ,   University ofJaén, Departamento de Organización de empresas, Marketing y Sociología, Spain, Frías Jamilena Dolores María ,   University ofGranada, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Dpto. Comercialización e Investigación de Mercados, Spain
Published: March 2024

This study examines the effectiveness of a strategy designed to enhance destination perceived value (PV) by raising tourists’ awareness and understanding of sustainability. The approach uses information and communications technologies—specifically, gamification—to design an environmental interpretation (EI) program for tourists. While the literature has tended to approach gamification from a systemicperspective, this study addresses a significant gap by adding the experientialdimension. The research (a) designs an EI program based on a holistic gamified approach that takes game objectives, features, the context of the application, and the participant experience into consideration; (b) measures the tourist’s perspective on the design to test whether it successfully generated a motivating and enjoyable (gameful) experience that could positively impact their behaviours; and (c) determines whether a gameful EI experience positively influences destination PV. The results show that the proposed strategy contributes to enhancing destination PV. The gamification of EI experiences is thus found to be a valid strategy for enhancing destination sustainability, tourist behaviours, and, ultimately, destination competitiveness
Can shared leadership stimulate team members’ proactive behaviour? Exploring through the bridge of psychological empowerment
Authors:   Kyungsung University,School of Global Studies, Republic of Korea, Wang Jue , Kim Haeryong ,   Universityof Ulsan, Department of Business Administration, Republic of Korea, Tran Thi Bich Hanh ,   Department of Business, Swinburne Vietnam,FPT University, Vietnam
Published: March 2024

With the aim of investigating shared leadership in conjunction with team members’ proactive behaviours, the main focus of this study is on the role of job crafting and knowledge sharing, as well as psychological empowerment as a potential mediator in the process. A survey research design was utilised in this study to gather data from 186 highly technical and knowledge-based members of different teams of South Korean firms. The results indicated that shared leadership is effective in a team context, positively affects members’ job crafting and knowledge sharing in a team context, and strongly promotes psychological empowerment. Furthermore, we found the intermediary effects of psychological empowerment. As oneof the first to theoretically clarify, this study empirically tests and proves that shared leadership is a crucial antecedent for motivation and positive behaviours of team members. With the enlightening findings, the study offers valuable implications for leaders and managers to manage teams effectively.
Dénonciation infirmière et plateformes électroniques: Une analyse de contenu du Formulaire de soins sécuritaires de la Fédération interprofessionnelle de la santé du Québec
Authors: Gagnon Marilou , Perron Amélie , Désy Bédard Mélyna , Dufour Caroline , Marcogliese Emily , Pariseau-Legault Pierre , Wright David Kenneth , Martin Patrick , Carnevale Franco A.
Published: March 2024

Cette étude visait à analyser les dénonciations soumises par des membres du personnel infirmier via une plateforme développée par un syndicat en santé du Québec. Une analyse de contenu de 1118 formulaires nous a permis de saisir la nature des situations dénoncées, d’identifier des stratégies additionnelles de divulgations infirmières et de documenter les réponses administratives. Les dénonciations, issues majoritairement d’infirmiers(ères) autorisés(es) en milieux de soins hospitaliers et de soins de longue durée, concernaient principalement la lourdeur et l’instabilité des conditions de pratique. Le recours au formulaire s’inscrivait dans une démarche de dénonciation plus large motivée par la présence de risques pour les patients et le personnel ainsi qu’une détresse morale. Le recours au temps supplémentaire était la principale réponse administrative aux situations dénoncées. Notre étude suggère que la plateforme répondait partiellement aux besoins des infirmiers(ères) et présentait certaines limites liées à sa conception et à la nature des informations recueillies. Elle souligne également l’importance d’améliorer les canaux de dénonciation interne, indispensables à la résolution de situations problématiques et au maintien de soins sécuritaires.
Plaidoyer pour une « anti-préparation » consciente à la maternité
Authors: Bujold Audrey , Vallée-Ouimet Sandrine
Published: March 2024

Occupant les positions privilégiées de doctorantes et de mères, notre regard critique sur cette problématique nous amène à proposer une « anti-préparation » à la maternité en ce sens où les femmes devraient être appelées à déconstruire les croyances contraignantes entourant la maternité plutôt qu’à cumuler de nouvelles connaissances parfois contradictoires, souvent inutiles, et particulièrement anxiogènes. Cette « anti-préparation » ne constitue pas un appel à l’ignorance, mais elle encourage à pondérer la consommation de connaissances, dans la mesure où de telles connaissances sont génératrices de croyances qui effritent et surtout invisibilisent les forces intrinsèques des femmes. Bien que certaines informations entourant la maternité soient essentielles à connaitre, il nous semble nécessaire qu’une attention plus soutenue soit consacrée à l’autonomisation des mères ainsi qu’à la remise en question des normes dominantes qui, finalement, ne les servent pas toujours en première instance. Autrement dit, ce plaidoyer vise à ébranler la fonction autoritaire des savoirs médicalisés imbriqués aux normes capitalistes et patriarcales de la maternité vis-à-vis les forces intrinsèques des mères. En somme, par cet argumentaire, nous souhaitons ainsi promouvoir une approche non pas inclusive à cette commercialisation de la maternité, mais plutôt anti-oppressive en légitimant de façon conjointe les forces intrinsèques des mères et leurs croyances facilitantes qu’elles soient médicalisées ou tacites.
An Ounce of Prevention for a Pound of Cure: Basic Health Care and Efficiency in Health Systems
Authors: Bancalari Antonella , Bernal Pedro , Celhay Pablo , Martinez Sebastian , Sánchez María Deni
Published: March 2024

We examine the efficiency gains in health systems generated after the national roll out of basic healthcare in El Salvador between 2010 and 2013. Using data from over 120 million consultations and five million hospitalizations, we demonstrate that the expansion of community health teams, comprising less-specialized health workers, increases preventive care and decreases curative care and preventable hospitalizations. We also estimate coverage improvements for previously unattended chronic conditions amenable to effective primary care. These results suggest that decentralization of tasks to less-specialized health workers improves efficiency, maintaining quality of care.
Extended Country Program Evaluation Costa Rica 2015-2022
Authors: Szwedzki Roni , Maciel Odette , King Dana Michael , Romero Carolina , Salazar Elizabeth , Vera Priscila , Monroy Maria Clemencia , Del Pilar Diego , Garay Ingrid , Soriano Alejandro
Published: March 2024

This document presents the evaluation conducted by the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) of the Country Program of the Inter-American Development Bank Group (IDBG) with Costa Rica from 2015 to 2022, spanning two strategic planning periods. This marks the sixth independent evaluation conducted by OVE of the IDB Group's program in Costa Rica. Previous evaluations covered the periods 1990-2001, 2002-2006; 2006-2010, 2011-2014, and 2015-2018. This evaluation examines the Bank's relationship with Costa Rica over an extended period. As outlined in the OVE Country Products Protocol, Extended Country Program Evaluations (XCPE), such as this one, are independent assessments of the last two country strategies and the corresponding Country Program to evaluate their relevance, effectiveness, and sustainability. XCPEs focus on both accountability and learning, aiming to provide assessments to the Board of Executive Directors and the Management of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) and IDB Invest of the IDB Group's performance in the country and its Country Program. They also aim to share lessons learned to inform the Bank's future support, particularly in the context of the upcoming Country Strategy. XCPEs make recommendations expected to enhance the subsequent Country Strategy and Country Program. The Country Program evaluation examines the design, implementation, and outcomes of operations approved under the Country Program with Costa Rica between 2015 and 2022, considering the national context and relevant strategic documents. To conduct this evaluation, OVE analyzed country data, studied project documents, and conducted interviews (both virtually and in person) with country authorities, project executing units, the private sector, representatives from other development agencies, and IDB Group staff at the Country Office and Headquarters. Additionally, OVE conducted a mission to the country in June 2023. OVE appreciates the participation and collaboration of these counterparts, which enabled a rich exchange of information and reasonable access to verify the program's outcomes.
A Numerical Study on the Fire Induced Collapse of a Real Life Warehouse Structure Based on Post-Fire NDT Results
Authors: Acharjee Devjit , Bandyopadhyay Debasish
Published: March 2024

Fires being a Low-Probability High-Consequence problem, can have a big impact on the structures due to their occurrence; irrespective of the construction materials. Even, the damage might lead to structural collapse. Such failures have warned to check the impact of fire on structural elements, which is frequently overlooked in popular design guidelines. Warehouses are used for the storage of different types of commodities; however, the vulnerability of these structures during fire event depends on the storage materials and other factors. Such a warehouse with steel roof trusses supported over Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) frame, located at Kolkata, suffered one of such severe fire-induced damage; and the roof truss system along with some portions of the brick masonry walls got totally collapsed. The information about the structure including its design data is presented along with the site observations after the fire incident, and the results of various Non-Destructive Tests (NDTs) performed over RCC frame elements. A severe fire of 8-hour duration led to a huge increase in temperature, which is considered to be the main reason of the progressive collapse of the entire warehouse structure. To better understand the failure of members due to temperature load, the present study aims to analyse a numerical model of the damaged structure in the Finite Element (FE) Framework. The roof truss, RCC frames and brick masonry walls are modelled; and temperature load is applied along with self-weight load to check the effect of incremental temperature on various structural responses of the warehouse. The temperature-dependent material properties are considered in the analyses; as applicable. Results have shown that there is a significant effect of temperature load, which gets worse with increasing temperature. The connection between roof truss and columns also contributes to the extent of damage in the truss supported over RCC frames; as evident from the numerical analysis. The present study seems to present a clear view about the fire-induced structural collapse of a real-life warehouse structure
Effect of Strain Per Pass on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Multi-Axially Forged Cast AA5083 Alloy at Room Temperature
Authors: Gajula Aravindh  , G. V. Preetham Kumar  , Bhat K. Udaya
Published: March 2024

This paper investigates the effect of strain per pass over a cycle on, multi-axially forged cast AA5083 alloy at room temperature. To begin with, Multi-Axial Forging (MAF) with two different strains per pass was imposed on the alloy without changing the die geometry. Samples were deformed to cumulative strains of Σɛ = 2.46 (2 Cycles) and Σɛ = 2.79 (3 Cycles), with two different strains per pass ε = 0.41 and ε = 0.31 respectively. Microstructural analysis was carried out by using OM, XRD, and SEM with EDS. Structural changes were characterized, and it was revealed that grain fragmentation was caused by the frequent development of deformation and micro shear bands, which was followed by the evolution of new fine grains in the original grain structure. Mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile, and hardness tests. MAF of ɛ = 0.41 per pass results in high tensile strength and hardness, 428 MPa and 147 Hv; respectively at a cumulative strain of Σɛ =2.46. Processing with strain ɛ = 0.31 per pass produced strength of 380 MPa and hardness of 131 HV after cycle III with a cumulative strain of 2.79. MAF of strain ɛ = 0.41 per pass with cumulative strain of 2.46 resulted in a higher grain refinement structure with increased strength compared to a strain of 0.31 per pass with a cumulative strain of 2.79. Therefore, with the imposition of the high strain per pass produced more grain refinement and consequently higher strength.
Effects of Injection Pressure on Performance and Emission Characteristics of CI Engine using Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) Blend
Authors: R. Sabarish  , R. J. Golden Renjith Nimal  , R. Rajasekar  , S. Thirumavalavan  , R. Sangamaeswaran
Published: March 2024

For a long period of time, vegetable oil cannot be used directly in a direct injection diesel engine. The tolerance tests may indicate significant problems. The outcome of Injection Pressures (IP) on the performance and emissions of a diesel engine powered by waste cooking oil biodiesel were explored in this study. It is investigated and standard diesel results are compared to the performance characteristics and emission studies of a single cylinder, four-stroke, direct-injection diesel engine fueled with used cooking oil in 20% (on a mass basis) blends. This study established the appropriateness of using cooking oil. The experiment consisted of running at a constant speed of 1500 rpm and then loaded gradually. The tests were conducted at 5 different loading are 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the load in kW, with compression ratios of 17.5:1. The result of adjusting the injection pressure to 185–235 bars with a gap of 25 bars, with the original IP set at 210 bar. Fuel injection pressure is critical in improving engine performance and emission characteristics. The diesel engine ran on Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) at various injection pressures, including 185 bars, 210 bars, and 235 bars. The engine tests were carried out to examine how a diesel engine operating on a WCO20 biodiesel blend performed and produced emissions at varied injection pressures. Except for NOx, biodiesel blends at 235 bars injection pressure performed better and had lower emissions than those at 185 bars injection pressure. Without any modifications, the optimal fuel blend can be considered for a compression ignition engine.
Synthesis, Mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability Of Polydimethylsiloxane Nanocomposites
Authors: Saji Janita , Money Benson K.
Published: March 2024

The polydimethylsiloxane/nano-graphite (PDMS-NG) nanocomposites were prepared via a two rolled mixing mill and subjected to characterization using techniques such as Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), stress-strain analysis during elongation, as well as thermal properties including Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The transition temperature was observed to be below -70°C for PDMS nanocomposites reinforced with Nano-Graphite (NG). The thermogram from the thermo-gravimetric analysis indicated that at 10%, 20%, 30%, and 50% weight loss, the temperatures for PDMS nanocomposites were higher compared to unfilled PDMS. These findings suggest a substantial improvement in the thermal stability of PDMS-NG nanocomposites.
The Persecution of Christians in the Second Century through Three Cases
Authors:   HUFS Institute of History and Culture, Jung Gi Moon
Published: March 2024

It is said that the persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire was moderately proceeded from 112 CE to 250 CE. This paper aims to determine if the view is appropriate by investigating three incidents representative of the Christian persecution during the second century. The following conclusions have been drawn. Trajan's rule on the Christians was observed well during the first half of the second century. Even when Peregrinus was denounced, there was not any hint of persecution not only in his church but also in the other churches around it. The persecution of Romans was grown stronger in the middle of the second century. Several persons were killed on trials of Ptolemy and Justin Martyr. In addition, the judges passed death sentences on the people if they were found as Christians, though they were not denounced. Trajan's rule of law was greatly shaken during the second half of the second century. Not only did the people mistreat Christians without trial, but some Roman officials sought after believers and killed those who were discovered.
The Unification Movement of Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea right after the Liberation
Authors:   HUFS Institute of History and Culture, Lee Dong Hae
Published: March 2024

This paper is about the unification movement of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea(PGRK) right after liberation. On December 20, 1945, PGRK finalized the Founding Line. The first step was to establish a transitional government by convening the Emergency Political Council that included people from all political forces. Therefore, PGRK's unification movement is defined as a series of activities to involve all political forces in the Emergency Political Council. On the first stage, PGRK negotiated with political parties and organizations, but failed to narrow down the differences with the left-wing forces, ending on January 5 1946. On the second, PGRK tried to convene a five-party meeting to serve as a preliminary meeting for the Emergency Political Conference, but this also failed, ending on January 16. Finally, PGRK abandoned negotiations with the left-wing forces and decides to convene the Preliminary meeting of the Emergency Political Conference, by unilateral notification. PGRK's unification movement failed due to the lack of participation from the left-wing forces. This was a major reason why PGRK lost the momentum to implement the Founding Line and participated in the “political organization” plan of Syngman Rhee and the U.S. Army Military Government in Korea instead of pursuing independent activities.
Un/Certain Borderlands: Multimodal Discourses of Border Renaissance in Polish and German Media
Authors: Bembnista Kamil
Published: March 2024

Since geopolitical crises accelerate migration from warzones or places of forced cultural homogeneity, we can notice an increasing meaning of borders today in a changing society, not only in Western but also in Eastern Europe and in-between. At the same time, findings from interdisciplinary border research emphasize precarious phenomena of ‘uncertainty’ or ‘in-between-ness’ and hybridity, suggesting that borders have a ‘liminal quality’. In the emblematic case study on re/bordering at the German–Polish borderland, traits of a renaissance of the border and territorial un/certainty, mean irritation in space, cultures, and forms of belonging. In developing discursive practices in time such as symbolic and socio-spatial phenomena of demarcation, exclusion, and transformation, this report refers to empirical phenomena like the “Rosary to the border” and “LGBT-free zones” in Poland or the “Willkommenskultur” in Germany. It juxtaposes interpretive reciprocal patterns of borders, like ‘fear’ and ‘irony’ that weave a tapestry of un/certainty. These examples show how the Polish–German borderland is affected by re/bordering practices without necessarily being geographically close to it and therefore show its liminal quality.
Britain’s Imperial Past and Contemporary Borders in Adichie’s Americanah and Zadie Smith’s ‘Fences’
Authors: Sandrock Kirsten
Published: March 2024

Recent literary works draw attention to the multifaceted legacy of Britain’s imperial past, not only but including its impact on current UK border practices. The works of postcolonial and Black British authors illustrate especially strongly that the spatial epistemologies of empire are still prevalent in twenty-first century border debates. This article engages with Chimamanda Ngozie Adichie’s Americanah (2013) and Zadie Smith’s essay “Fences” (2016) as literary works that negotiate UK border practices both before and after Brexit. They draw attention to the intersections of empire, race, gender, and class in the recent resurgence of British bordering practices and emphasize the necessity to make visible both contemporary and historical borders in the UK in order to come to terms with the underlying colonial epistemologies of many border practices.
Molecular Characterization of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp Collection based on ISSR Markers
Authors: Asadova Almas , Babayeva Sevda , Abbasov Mehraj
Published: March 2024

Background: In Azerbaijan, cow pea is one of the fundamental legumes. This study was carried out at the Institute of Genetic Resources, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences to evaluate genetic diversity in 28 cowpea accessions from Azerbaijan national gene bank. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotypic diversity, relatedness and population structure among local cow pea resources available in Azerbaijan and the cultivated VIR accessions based on ISSR markers. Methods: The studies were conducted in 2017-2019 at the Institute of Genetic Resources (IGR) of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) of Azerbaijan. 28 samples were used as research material: 10 of them were local forms and 18 were samples obtained from VIR. Sowing of collection samples was carried out in duplicate with an area of food of one plant 10 x 45 cm at the optimum time, in the at the end of April. Result: In the study, 28 alleles were synthesized for the collection with five ISSR markers, with an average polymorphism index of 75%. The rich genetic diversity (GMO = 0.80; PIC = 0.34) was found in the collection. Statistical analyzes have shown that the efficiency of the UBC 835 and the UBC 818 premieres was high. The average genetic distance index in the cow pea collection was 0.33. 71% of the samples were genetically identifiable and 29% revealed that the genotype was identical across the studied loci. PCoA and cluster analysis identified 3 genetically distinct groups within the collection, with the first two coordinates explaining 57% of this genetic variation.
Classificação dos geofácies e geótopos no geossistema costeiro do litoral oriental do Maranhão, Brasil
Authors: Da Conceição Amorim Lima Deuzanir , Sousa Almeida Ricardo , Palhares José Mauro
Published: March 2024

Os geossistemas podem ser classificados quanto à grandeza e homogeneidade das suas unidades de paisagem. O presente trabalho objetivou classificar, dentre as unidades morfoestruturais inferiores, os geofácies presentes na área costeira do delta do Parnaíba, Maranhão, Brasil utilizando Sistemas de Informações Geográficas. Para esse intuito, aplicou-se a classificação proposta por Bertrand caracterizando a área de estudo através de classes temáticas. Desta forma, obteve-se uma imagem Landsat 8, sensor OLI/TIRS com resolução espacial de 30m. A imagem selecionada foi importada para o software Spring, onde foi feito seu pre-processamento e depois uma classificação supervisionada, utilizando o classificador Bhattacharya que destacou cinco geótopos e dois geofácies bem distintos. Após a classificação, obteve-se: Geofácie I – Pequenos Lençóis e Geofácie II – Delta do Parnaíba, posteriormente, foram destacados em outra carta-imagem os geótopos que foram representados pelas classes: Corpos Hídricos, Dunas, Mangue, Paleodunas e Vegetação Arbustiva.
Pediatric Cases Diagnosed with Drug-Related Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: ÖZDEMİR ŞİMŞEK Özgür , ERFİDAN Gökçen , ALPARSLAN Caner , BAŞARAN Cemaliye , ARSLANSOYU ÇAMLAR Seçil , MUTLUBAŞ Fatma , KASAP DEMİR Belde , ALAYGUT Demet
Published: March 2024

Aim: Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is inflammation of the renal interstitium. It is also a common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). The aim is to contribute to the literature by evaluating patients diagnosed with drug-induced TIN.

Material methods: 29 Turkish children aged between 3 and 217 months, 5 of whom had undergone a biopsy, were retrospectively analyzed in terms of clinical and laboratory findings.

Results: 29 patients, 19 of whom were girls, were evaluated. The mean age at diagnosis was 138.6(3-217) ± 67.4 months. Nausea-vomiting complaint of 12 cases, 6 under treatment during hospitalization, 4 with headache, 2 with isolated fatigue, and the remaining 5 patients with incidentally detected renal function test disorder, oligo-anuria, urinary incontinence, red urination, and uveitis. At the time of diagnosis, 4 patients had hypertension and 26 patients had AKI. Two of these cases were anuric. The low eGFR values at the time of diagnosis were observed to improve at the end of the follow-up. Hematuria was detected in 18 cases and of them were macroscopic hematuria. 4 patients had pyuria, 19 patients had proteinuria, and 2 of them were nephrotic. FeNa was the most common abnormality of the tubular tests with 4.5%. Biopsy was performed in 5 cases. While one of the patients presented with uveitis, uveitis developed in 1 patient during the 3rd month of follow-up.

Conclusion: Consequently, although TIN is a reversible disease, its recognition is important in terms of treatment and follow-up.
Dermatomiyozit ayırıcı tanısında Fasiyo-Skapulo-Humeral Musküler Distrofi olgusu
Authors: KERİM Duygu , TAŞTEKİN Fatih , KARABULUT Gonca
Published: March 2024

Fasiyo-skapulo-humeral musküler distrofi yüz, skapular, üst kol, alt bacak ve kalça kuşağı kaslarını içeren, genellikle asimetrik tutulumla birlikte yavaş ilerleyen kas zayıflığı ile karakterize bir genetik bozukluktur. Semptomatik olanlarda her zaman olmasa da sıklıkla en fazla 5 kata kadar kreatinin kinaz seviyesi yükselir. Elektromiyografi miyopatik özellikler gösterir. Kas biyopsisinde nonspesifik miyopatik değişiklikler izlenir. Tanıda deltoidlerin göreceli olarak korunduğu yüz, omuz kuşağı ve üst kol zayıflığı ile başvuran hastalarda şüphelenilmelidir. Genetik analiz tanıda temel yöntemdir. Özellikle tedaviye yanıtsız dermatomiyozit hastalarında tanı tekrar gözden geçirilmeli, özellikle asimetrik ve distal kas güçsüzlüğünün olduğu hastalarda dermatomiyozit tanısından uzaklaşılmalı, yüz ve skapular kas güçsüzlüğünün eşlik ettiği hastalarda akla Fasiyo-skapulo-humeral musküler distrofi gelmelidir.
Aşırı Aktif Mesane Yönetiminde Sakral Nöromodülasyon Uygulamaları
Authors: GÜNER Derya , EYİGÖR Can
Published: March 2024

Sakral nöromodülasyon uygulamaları; aşırı aktif mesane, kronik üriner retansiyon, interstisyel sistit, fekal inkontinans ve kronik kabızlık gibi pek çok konservatif tedaviye dirençli kronik pelvik ağrı tedavisinde kullanılabilen etkin tedavi seçenekleridir. Kronik ağrıda nörostimülasyon uygulamaları giderek popüler hale gelmiştir. Aşırı aktif mesane tedavisinde sakral nöromodülasyon uygulamaları % 61 ile 90 arasında değişen oranda fayda göstermektedir. Sakral nöromodülasyon uygulaması iki aşamadan oluşur; ilk aşama deneme (trial) periyodu, ikinci aşama ise kalıcı pil yerleştirilmesidir. Gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte daha küçük boyutlu, manyetik rezonans görüntüleme uyumlu ve sarj edilebilir stimülatör seçenekleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu hastalar multidisipliner yaklaşımla ele alınmalı ve tedavi buna göre planlanmalıdır. Bu derlemede aşırı aktif mesane tedavi yönetiminde sakral nöromodülasyon uygulamaları literatür rehberliğinde anlatılmaktadır.
Comparison of non-COVID-19 critically ill patients between pre-pandemic and pandemic period admitted from emergency department to internal medicine intensive care unit
Authors: KILINÇER BOZGÜL Şükriye Miray , KURTULMUŞ İlkçe Akgün , YARGUCU Figen , YİLMAZ Mümtaz , KARBEK AKARCA Funda , AYDOGAN Deniz Can , ÖZKILIÇ Barış , İSLAMOĞLU Karya , AK Güneş , ÇİLLİ Fatma Feriha , BOZKURT Devrim
Published: March 2024

Aim: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a large number of intensive care unit beds have been organized for critically ill COVID-19 patients. However, the need for intensive care for non-COVID-19 critical patients continues. In our study, we aimed to compare non-COVID-19 critically ill patients admitted to the internal medicine intensive care unit from the emergency department before and during the pandemic period.

Materials and Methods: Patients who were admitted to the internal medicine intensive care unit from the emergency department were grouped as pre-pandemic (March 2018-March 2020) and during the pandemic (March 2020-March 2022) and compared retrospectively in terms of the number of hospitalisations, demographic characteristics, length of intensive care unit stay and mortality.

Results: The number of emergency department patient admissions other than surgical reasons was 579.657 during the study period. 63.33 % of these patients were admitted before the pandemic and 36.67% during the pandemic period. The number of patients included in our study was 493 before the pandemic and 460 during the pandemic period. Median age was 61 (30) in the pre-pandemic period and 64 (26.8) in the pandemic period, p=0.022. There was no significant difference in terms of comorbidities. The main reason for hospitalisation was similar and sepsis was the leading reason for hospitalisation. The frequency of acute renal failure in intensive care unit was significantly higher during the pandemic period. Mortality was 25.2% before the pandemic and 24.3% during the pandemic period, p=0.760.

Conclusion: Although emergency department admissions decreased, the number of non-COVID-19 internal medicine intensive care unit hospitalisations did not decrease. This situation reveals the importance of organising intensive care beds for hospitalisation for non-COVID-19 reasons in order not to disrupt health services during the pandemic period.
The Effect of Herbal Tea Formulation Made of Mangosteen Pericarp (Garcinia mangostana), Cinnamon (Cinnamon verum), and Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) on Panelist Acceptance Level
Authors: Pratiwi Yunita Satya , Sanjaya Yushinta Aristina , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Putri Larestananda Asmaul Husna Hizaumi , Syari Ririef Mutiara
Published: March 2024

Background: Herbal tea Is one of the herbal drinks that has been widely consumed by Indonesian people and known as tea that have functional properties, one of them is source of antioxidants. Antioxidants can be obtained from a lot of sources, such as the mixture of mangosteen pericarp, cinnamon, and cloves. The use of cinnamon and clove expected to increase the consumers’ preference towards this tea.
Objectives: This research aims at evaluating the acceptance level of several sensory parameters of tea made of mixture of mangosteen pericarp, cinnamon, and clove.
Methods: The experimental design used in this research was completely randomized design with three replications, resulting in 27 samples of herbal tea. Besides, the data obtained from panelists will be analyzed by using Analysis of Varian (ANOVA) and followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) in SPSS 25.0 software.
Results: The results show that the addition of cinnamon and cloves showed a significant difference. The more addition of spices will lower the panelist score. It can be seen in the sample containing 24 grams of mangosteen pericarp, 3 grams of cinnamon (B4) which had the highest panelist score in color, taste, and bitterness aspects. While the lowest panelist score was obtained by a sample containing 12 grams of mangosteen pericarp, 3 grams of cinnamon and cloves (A1).
Conclusions: The more spices added, especially cloves will reduce the liking score. The result obtained by this research can be used for optimization of the best formula so maximum points can be known.
Hubungan Mutu Asuhan Gizi Dengan Lama Rawat Inap Pasien Di Rumah Sakit : Literature Review
Authors: Yenni Fitri , Purba Martalena BR. , Syauqy Ahmad
Published: March 2024

Latar Belakang: Upaya pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi untuk pasien rawat inap dilakukan melalui pelayanan pemberian makanan sesuai kebutuhan masing-masing pasien. intervensi yang berfokus pada perbaikan gizi pasien rawat inap dapat mengurangi lama rawat inap pasien dan merupakan strategi dalam peningkatan mutu pelayanan rumah sakit. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan mutu asuhan gizi dengan lama rawat inap pasien. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan literature review pada studi kuantitatif. Kriteria pencarian dibatasi hanya pada paper yang melalui peer-reviewed selection, dipublikasikan dalam bahasa Inggris antara tahun 2017 hingga 1 oktober 2022, dan dapat diakses secara penuh (full text). Artikel yang hanya menampilkan abstrak saja dan tidak dapat diakses secara penuh dieksklusi dari review. Literature review dilakukan pada database Pubmed, Springer Link, google scholar, dan cochrane. Paper yang terpilih untuk dilakukan ekstraksi data kemudian dianalisis, seperti detail referensi, tujuan penelitian, desain penelitian (jenis penelitian, ukuran sampel, setting, metode pengumpulan data, instrument, dan output yang diperoleh). Ulasan: Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi lama rawat pasien, yang paling dominan disebabkan oleh status malnutrisi pasien selama sakit. Penyakit penyerta mempengaruhi durasi penyakit yang diderita oleh pasien. Asupan gizi yang baik berpengaruh terhadap durasi lama rawat inap. Skrining malnutrisi saat pertama dirawat menjadi hal penting dalam menentukan status kesehatan pasien serta lama pasien dirawat dirumah sakit. Kesimpulan: Perbaikan mutu pelayanan gizi membantu memusatkan perhatian pada asuhan gizi rumah sakit, dan hasilnya menunjukkan bagaimana intervensi yang cepat dapat mempersingkat masa rawat inap di rumah sakit. Outcome dari segi kesehatan dan ekonomi di antara pasien rawat inap malnutrisi dapat diperbaiki secara signifikan melalui intervensi perbaikan mutu yang berfokus pada gizi.