bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zika Virus Infection in the Elderly: Possible Relationship with Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Authors: Savino Wilson , Messias Carolina V. , Mendes-da-Cruz Daniella A. , Passos Pamela , Ferreira Ana Carolina A.F. , Nascimento Osvaldo J.
Published: December 2016

The Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in French Polynesia, in 2013, and in Brazil, in 2015, was correlated with neurological complications, which comprised, among others, congenital microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), which includes a group of acute autoimmune neuropathies generally reported after respiratory or gastrointestinal infectious diseases. Despite being relatively rare, the incidence rate of GBS rises with age, which makes GBS more frequent in the elderly, in whom it is also a more severe disease with slower recovery than in younger patients. Different forms of GBS have been described having diagnostic confirmation of a previous infection with the ZIKV virus. Although we do not have enough evidence that elderly people are a particularly susceptible population to developing GBS following ZIKV infection, this is plausible. We should consider this possibility, particularly taking into account that aging subjects are more susceptible to infections. In this context, a deeper understanding of how the immune system in the elderly functions in relation to ZIKV infection is necessary, as well as an understanding of what kind of alterations of the nervous system such an infection triggers in the elderly, beyond GBS. This will be relevant for better therapeutic interventions and for designing vaccine candidates that can be applied in an aging population, particularly those prone to develop ZIKV-induced autoimmunity.
O povo ao redor ou o povo intruso de O som ao redor
Authors: Luz Júlio César Alves da , Brandão Alessandra Soares
Published: December 2016

Circulando ao redor num universo fílmico centrado, a princípio, no mundo da classe média, o povo aparece, em O som ao redor, de forma aparentemente um tanto esparsa, gravitando no entorno, personagens que o filme nos dá a ver numa dialética pela qual as faz ao mesmo tempo aparecer e desaparecer, tensionando sua visibilidade no sentido pelo qual simultaneamente as inclui e as elide. A fim de problematizar o modo como figuram essas personagens no filme, propomos pensar, a partir da política de seus enquadramentos e mise-en-scène, as condições de in/visibilidade das figuras de povo que a obra coloca em jogo, assinalando aí o sentido de um movimento invasivo que procuramos ler, a partir da figura do intruso de Jean-Luc Nancy, como a ameaça maior de um povo que – para além do problema da segurança pública tematizada no filme – coloca em questão a sociedade de classes
Pedagogias do cinema: montagem
Authors: Migliorin Cezar , Barroso Elianne Ivo
Published: December 2016

Este artigo pretende aprofundar a pista lançada pelo crítico francês Serge Daney de que o cinema inventa uma pedagogia. Essa intuição, desenvolvida nos anos 1970, é retomada por diversos pensadores, na Europa e no Brasil. Esta pedagogia não trata o cinema como transmissor privilegiado, mas como inventor de formas de engajamento do espectador no compartilhamento sensível de ideias, conceitos, percepções de mundo e conhecimento. Esse artigo atravessa a história do cinema, se concentrando em cineastas e teóricos que nos possibilitam desenhar uma noção de pedagogia baseada na montagem cinematográfica.
O discurso da participação: um estudo da performance de imersão em anúncios publicitários
Authors: Gonçalves Elizabeth Moraes , Zanini Gustavo Moreira
Published: December 2016

As transformações culturais e tecnológicas resultam na emergência de novas posturas comunicacionais para atender as exigências de um contexto essencialmente participativo e interativo, no qual a publicidade é desafiada a adotar novos padrões argumentativos. Com aportes teóricos dos campos da linguagem e dos discursos sociais, procuramos demonstrar como a publicidade vem incorporando a fala e a (re)ação de seus interlocutores na construção de suas narrativas. Essa nova circularidade discursiva parte de novos modelos de relação entre os agentes dessa comunicação e apontam para a consecução de objetivos que se materializam na imersão de um sujeito ideológico num contexto organizacional
No rosto, lê-se o homem: a fisiognomonia no cinema
Authors: Guimarães Pedro Maciel
Published: December 2016

Traçar a trajetória do conceito de fisiognomonia, o estudo da fisionomia humana como índice de conhecimento sobre as características abstratas e subjetivas a partir dos traços da cabeça e do rosto. Partindo do princípio que a fisiognomonia rege as ciências naturais e também a cultura e os meios de representação, visa-se investigar a manifestação do estudo do rosto humano no cinema como elemento de significação e criação de sentido. Serão abordados vertentes do estudo fisiognomônico como a analogia entre a face do homem e a face do animal, o aspecto visual do rosto como elemento estético e narrativo, a importância da relação dentro-fora na construção da atuação e a fisiognomonia étnica.
Televisão: tecnologia e forma cultural – Dos usos e efeitos planejados aos usos e efeitos imprevistos
Authors: Schiavoni Jaqueline Esther
Published: December 2016

A batalha pela livre comunicação motiva todo o desenvolvimento de Televisão: tecnologia e forma cultural, escrito por Raymond Williams. Originalmente publicada em inglês, em 1974, a obra ganha tradução para o português em 2016. O viés crítico do autor, que recusou para a mídia televisiva tanto o determinismo tecnológico como a ideia de uma tecnologia determinada, é agora recuperado, lançando base para as discussões atuais em torno dos usos e efeitos planejados e dos usos e efeitos imprevistos da tecnologia e suas formas culturais.
EVENTOS DE PRECIPITAÇÃO EXTREMA E IMPACTO METEÓRICO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO IGARAPÉ CEREJA, ÁREA URBANA DE BRAGANÇA-PA, DURANTE O INVERNO AMAZÔNICO DE 2014
Authors: Costa Tarcísio Oliveira da , Wollmann Cássio Arthur
Published: December 2016

Nesse contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar eventos de precipitação extrema e impacto meteórico na bacia hidrográfica do Igarapé Cereja, área urbana de Bragança-PA, durante o inverno amazônico de 2014. Para tanto, a pesquisa baseou-se na teoria do SCU elaborada por Monteiro (1976). Os dados meteorológicos analisados foram coletados da Estação Meteorológica Convencional de Tracuateua (EMT) e Estação Meteorológica Automática de Bragança (EMB), pertencente ao INMET e por uma rede de 07 pluviômetros instalados na área urbana de Bragança/PA que possibilitou elaboração de mapas da variabilidade da precipitação durante o período chuvoso de 2014 na área da bacia do Igarapé Cereja. Com o auxilio de imagens do satélite GOES 13 disponibilizadas pelo INPE e Cartas Sinóticas diárias da Marinha do Brasil foram levantados os sistemas atmosféricos atuantes. Com os resultados, observou-se que a CIT tem maior participação na ocorrência de eventos extremos e impactos urbanos. Há uma grande variabilidade da precipitação na área em estudo, de até 161 mm entre o setor norte-nordeste (mais chuvoso) e o setor Sul-sudoeste (menos chuvoso).
REFLEXÕES ACERCA DO SISTEMA CLIMA URBANO E SUA APLICABILIDADE: PRESSUPOSTOS TEÓRICO-METODOLÓGICOS E INOVAÇÕES TÉCNICAS
Authors: Ugeda Júnior José Carlos , Amorim Margarete Cristiane de Costa Trindade
Published: December 2016

Considerando que a proposta do Sistema Clima Urbano – SCU, Monteiro (1976), completou 40 anos, o presente trabalho visa desenvolver algumas reflexões sobre os seus pressupostos teórico-metodológicos, bem com sua aplicabilidade e os avanços técnicos verificados nas últimas décadas. As propostas do professor Carlos Augusto de Figueiredo Monteiro foram basilares para o desenvolvimento tanto da escola da climatologia dinâmica brasileira, quanto da escola da climatologia urbana brasileira. Essas propostas estão fundamentadas na revisão do conceito de clima de Max Sorre e Pierre Pédelaborde, bem como na Teoria Geral dos Sistemas de Ludwig Von Bertalanffy. A partir destas contribuições Monteiro, criou o conceito de Análise Rítmica em climatologia, além de introduzir o tratamento do clima a partir da perspectiva sistêmica. Ao se analisar a produção da climatologia urbana brasileira, percebe-se que a grande maioria dos trabalhos está pautada no Sistema Clima Urbano ou a ele fazem referência, o que demonstra que a aplicabilidade da proposta é plenamente atual e permite a compreensão das características climáticas das cidades. Do ponto de vista técnico, considera-se que houveram avanços significativos, que por sua vez permitiram uma compreensão mais detalhada do SCU, sobretudo em relação a sua dinâmica espacial e temporal.
Lifestyle Cardiovascular Risk Score, Genetic Risk Score, and Myocardial Infarction in Hispanic/Latino Adults Living in Costa Rica
Authors: Sotos‐Prieto Mercedes , Baylin Ana , Campos Hannia , Qi Lu , Mattei Josiemer
Published: December 2016

Background

A lifestyle cardiovascular risk score (
LCRS
) and a genetic risk score (
GRS
) have been independently associated with myocardial infarction (
MI
) in Hispanics/Latinos. Interaction or joint association between these scores has not been examined. Thus, our aim was to assess interactive and joint associations between
LCRS
and
GRS
, and each individual lifestyle risk factor, on likelihood of
MI
.

Methods and Results

Data included 1534 Costa Rican adults with nonfatal acute
MI
and 1534 matched controls. The
LCRS
used estimated coefficients as weights for each factor: unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, smoking, elevated waist:hip ratio, low/high alcohol intake, low socioeconomic status. The
GRS
included 14
MI
‐associated risk alleles. Conditional logistic regressions were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios. The odds ratios for
MI
were 2.72 (2.33, 3.17) per
LCRS
unit and 1.13 (95%
CI
1.06, 1.21) per
GRS
unit. A significant joint association for highest
GRS
tertile and highest
LCRS
tertile and odds of
MI
was detected (odds ratio=5.43 [3.71, 7.94];
P
<1.00×10
−7
), compared to both lowest tertiles. The odds ratios were 1.74 (1.22, 2.49) under optimal lifestyle and unfavorable genetic profile, and 5.02 (3.46, 7.29) under unhealthy lifestyle but advantageous genetic profile. Significant joint associations were observed for the highest
GRS
tertile and the highest of each lifestyle component risk category. The interaction term was nonsignificant (
P
=0.33).

Conclusions

Lifestyle risk factors and genetics are jointly associated with higher odds of
MI
among Hispanics/Latinos. Individual and combined lifestyle risk factors showed stronger associations. Efforts to improve lifestyle behaviors could help prevent
MI
regardless of genetic susceptibility.
Human IgM Antibodies to Malondialdehyde Conjugated With Albumin Are Negatively Associated With Cardiovascular Disease Among 60‐Year‐Olds
Authors: Thiagarajan Divya , Frostegård Anna G. , Singh Sudhir , Rahman Mizanur , Liu Anquan , Vikström Max , Leander Karin , Gigante Bruna , Hellenius Mai‐Lis , Zhang Bo , Zubarev Roman A. , de Faire Ulf , Lundström Susanna L. , Frostegård Johan
Published: December 2016

Background

Malondialdehyde (
MDA
) is generated during lipid peroxidation as in oxidized low‐density lipoprotein, but antibodies against oxidized low‐density lipoprotein show variable results in clinical studies. We therefore studied the risk of cardiovascular disease (
CVD
) associated with IgM antibodies against
MDA
conjugated with human albumin (anti‐
MDA
).

Methods and Results

In a 5‐ to 7‐year follow‐up of 60‐year‐old men and women from Stockholm County previously screened for cardiovascular risk factors (2039 men, 2193 women), 209 incident
CVD
cases (defined as new events of coronary heart disease, fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and hospitalization for angina pectoris) and 620 age‐ and sex‐matched controls were tested for IgM anti‐
MDA
by
ELISA
. Antibody peptide/protein characterization was done using a proteomics de novo sequencing approach. After adjustment for smoking, body‐mass index, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension, an increased
CVD
risk was observed in the low IgM anti‐
MDA
percentiles (below 10th and 25th) (odds ratio and 95%
CI
: 2.0; 1.19–3.36 and 1.67; 1.16–2.41, respectively). Anti‐
MDA
above the 66th percentile was associated with a decreased
CVD
risk (odds ratio 0.68;
CI
: 0.48–0.98). After stratification by sex, associations were only present among men. IgM anti‐
MDA
levels were lower among cases (median [interquartile range]: 141.0 [112.7–164.3] versus 147.4 [123.5–169.6];
P
=0.0177), even more so among men (130.6 [107.7–155.3] versus 143.0 [120.1–165.2];
P
=0.001). The IgM anti‐
MDA
variable region profiles are distinctly different and also more homologous in their content (correlates strongly with fewer peptides) than control antibodies (not binding
MDA
).

Conclusions

IgM anti‐
MDA
is a protection marker for
CVD
. This finding could have diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
Pioglitazone for Secondary Stroke Prevention
Authors: Lee Meng , Saver Jeffrey L. , Liao Hung-Wei , Lin Chun-Hsien , Ovbiagele Bruce
Published: December 2016

Background and Purpose—

Pioglitazone reduced major vascular events after ischemic stroke in a recent randomized controlled trial. The purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the effect of pioglitazone therapy in reducing the risk of recurrent stroke in stroke patients.

Methods—

Pubmed, EMBASE, Medline, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from 1966 to March 2016 were searched to identify relevant studies. We included randomized controlled trials that included comparison of pioglitazone versus control and trials in which quantitative estimates of the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval for recurrent stroke associated with pioglitazone therapy among stroke patients were reported. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used as a measure of the association between use of pioglitazone and risks of recurrent stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic) and major vascular events (nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death) after pooling data across trials. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed using the
I
2
statistic.

Results—

Three randomized controlled trials with 4980 participants were identified. Use of pioglitazone in stroke patients with insulin resistance, prediabetes, and diabetes mellitus was associated with lower risk of recurrent stroke (hazard ratio 0.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.50–0.92;
P
=0.01) and future major vascular events (hazard ratio 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.64–0.87;
P
=0.0001). There was no heterogeneity across trials. There was no evidence of an effect on all-cause mortality and heart failure.

Conclusions—

Pioglitazone reduces recurrent stroke and major vascular events in ischemic stroke patients with insulin resistance, prediabetes, and diabetes mellitus.
Optimal Timing of Anticoagulant Treatment After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Pennlert Johanna , Overholser Rosanna , Asplund Kjell , Carlberg Bo , Van Rompaye Bart , Wiklund Per-Gunnar , Eriksson Marie
Published: December 2016

Background and Purpose—

This study aims to provide observational data on the relationship between the timing of antithrombotic treatment and the competing risks of severe thrombotic and hemorrhagic events in a cohort of Swedish patients with atrial fibrillation and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods—

Patients with atrial fibrillation and a first-ever ICH were identified in the Swedish Stroke Register, Riksstroke, 2005 to 2012. Riksstroke was linked with other national registers to find information on treatment, comorbidity, and outcome. The optimal timing of treatment in patients with low and high thromboembolic risk was described through cumulative incidence functions separately for thrombotic and hemorrhagic events and for the combined end point vascular death or nonfatal stroke.

Results—

The study included 2619 ICH survivors with atrial fibrillation with 5759 person-years of follow-up. Anticoagulant treatment was associated with a reduced risk of vascular death and nonfatal stroke in high-risk patients with no significantly increased risk of severe hemorrhage. The benefit seemed to be greatest when treatment was started 7 to 8 weeks after ICH. For high-risk women, the total risk of vascular death or stroke recurrence within 3 years was 17.0% when anticoagulant treatment was initiated 8 weeks after ICH and 28.6% without any antithrombotic treatment (95% confidence interval for difference, 1.4%–21.8%). For high-risk men, the corresponding risks were 14.3% versus 23.6% (95% confidence interval for difference, 0.4%–18.2%).

Conclusions—

This nationwide observational study suggests that anticoagulant treatment may be initiated 7 to 8 weeks after ICH in patients with atrial fibrillation to optimize the benefit from treatment and minimize risk.
The gcc Human Rights Declaration: An Instrumentation of Cultural Relativism
Authors: Alfadhel Khalifa A.
Published: December 2016

For the first time the Gulf Cooperation Council (gcc) adopted a regional human rights declaration that codifies the relevant States’ commitment to human rights. The Declaration illustrated the content and scope of such a collective regional pledge to protect and respect fundamental rights and freedoms. Although a soft-law instrument, the Gulf Declaration provides the foundations for a doctrinal commitment to human rights, based on a normative framework adopted in a mutual manner. This article will provide an overview on the content and scope of such document, and the theoretical arguments of universalism versus cultural relativism in light of comparative instruments. This article will argue that the Gulf Human Rights Declaration reflects a cultural aspect of human rights that needs to be commended in the consideration of such soft-law instrument, which will form a foundation for a regional customary law regime, based on State practice affirmed in the commitment to the Declaration.
Neomarica castaneomaculata and N. involuta (Iridaceae): two new endemic species from the Atlantic Forest, Brazil
Authors: OLIVEIRA PÂMELA NOVAIS DE , GIL ANDRÉ DOS SANTOS BRAGANÇA , GIULIETTI ANA MARIA , OLIVEIRA REYJANE PATRÍCIA DE , AMARAL MARIA DO CARMO ESTANISLAU DO
Published: December 2016

Based on field studies, herbarium specimens and cultivated plants, two new species of Neomarica, collected in the states of Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais, are described. Neomarica castaneomaculata differs from all other known species of the genus by the presence of a conspicuous triangular chestnut colored spot at the apex of the inner tepals, as well as a combination of other vegetative and floral characters. Neomarica involuta can be distinguished from other species by the conspicuously involute apical inner tepals margins. Illustrations, distribution maps and a commentary on morphology, taxonomic relationships and the conservation status of the new species are also provided.
Hieracium mrazii (Asteraceae), a new hybridogenous species from Romania
Authors: SZELĄG ZBIGNIEW
Published: December 2016

Hieracium mrazii, a new, apomictic, tetraploid (x = 9) species of presumably hybrid origin between sexual diploids, H. transylvanicum and H. umbellatum, is described from the Retezat Mountains, Southern Carpathians, Romania, and illustrated by a photo of the holotype.
New species of Sporoschisma (Chaetosphaeriaceae) from aquatic habitats in Thailand
Authors: YANG JING , LIU JIAN-KUI , HYDE KEVIN D. , BHAT D. JAYARAMA , JONES E. B.GARETH , LIU ZUO-YI
Published: December 2016

Collections of submerged wood in streams in Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand yielded three sporoschisma-like taxa. Morphological examination and phylogenetic analysis of LSU sequence data support the separation of two isolates as new species (S. palauense and S. longicatenatum) and the other as collection of S. hemipsila. The sexual morph (Melanochaeta) is again linked to the asexual genus Sporoschisma by molecular data. The new species are introduced with descriptions and illustrations and compared with the most similar species.
The rediscovery of Rungia hirpex (Acanthaceae) in Yunnan, China
Authors: LIN ZHE-LI , XU CHAO , DENG YUN-FEI
Published: December 2016

The rediscovery of Rungia hirpex (Acanthaceae) is reported from Yanjin and Daguan, Yunnan, China about 100 years after the type collection made by E. E. Maire between 1905 and 1916. A revised description of the species including its pollen and seed morphology and chromosome number is provided. The lectotype is designated and the conservation status is assessed. In addition, a color plate, line drawing and distribution map are provided.
Description of three new species of Crenitis Bedel from China, with additional faunistic records for the genus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Chaetarthriinae)
Authors: JIA FENGLONG , TANG YUDAN , MINOSHIMA YÛSUKE N.
Published: December 2016

Three new species of the genus Crenitis Bedel, 1881 are described from China: C. aduncata sp. nov. (Yunnan), C. lianggeqiui sp. nov. (Yunnan and Sichuan) and C. obovata sp. nov. (Guangxi and Guizhou). All three species are assigned to the subgenus Crenitis. New locality records in China are provided for C. apicalis (Reitter, 1896) (from Inner Mongolia) and C. convexa Ji & Komarek, 2003 (from Ningxia, Chongqing). A key to the Chinese species of the subgenus Crenitis is provided.
Why Do Similar Patterns of Tropical Convection Yield Extratropical Circulation Anomalies of Opposite Sign?
Authors: Goss Michael , Feldstein Steven B.
Published: December 2016

Tropical precipitation anomalies associated with El Niño and Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) phase 1 (La Niña and MJO phase 5) are characterized by a tripole, with positive (negative) centers over the Indian Ocean and central Pacific and a negative (positive) center over the warm pool region. However, their midlatitude circulation responses over the North Pacific and North America tend to be of opposite sign. To investigate these differences in the extratropical response to tropical convection, the dynamical core of a climate model is used, with boreal winter climatology as the initial flow. The model is run using the full heating field for the above four cases, and with heating restricted to each of seven small domains located near or over the equator, to investigate which convective anomalies may be responsible for the different extratropical responses. An analogous observational study is also performed. For both studies, it is found that, despite having a similar tropical convective anomaly spatial pattern, the extratropical response to El Niño and MJO phase 1 (La Niña and MJO phase 5) is quite different. Most notably, responses with opposite-signed upper-tropospheric geopotential height anomalies are found over the eastern North Pacific, northwestern North America, and the southeastern United States. The extratropical response for each convective case most closely resembles that for the domain associated with the largest-amplitude precipitation anomaly: the central equatorial Pacific for El Niño and La Niña and the warm pool region for MJO phases 1 and 5.
The Impact of Ozone-Depleting Substances on Tropical Upwelling, as Revealed by the Absence of Lower-Stratospheric Cooling since the Late 1990s
Authors: Polvani Lorenzo M. , Wang Lei , Aquila Valentina , Waugh Darryn W.
Published: December 2016

The impact of ozone-depleting substances on global lower-stratospheric temperature trends is widely recognized. In the tropics, however, understanding lower-stratospheric temperature trends has proven more challenging. While the tropical lower-stratospheric cooling observed from 1979 to 1997 has been linked to tropical ozone decreases, those ozone trends cannot be of chemical origin, as active chlorine is not abundant in the tropical lower stratosphere. The 1979–97 tropical ozone trends are believed to originate from enhanced upwelling, which, it is often stated, would be driven by increasing concentrations of well-mixed greenhouse gases. This study, using simple arguments based on observational evidence after 1997, combined with model integrations with incrementally added single forcings, argues that trends in ozone-depleting substances, not well-mixed greenhouse gases, have been the primary driver of temperature and ozone trends in the tropical lower stratosphere until 1997, and this has occurred because ozone-depleting substances are key drivers of tropical upwelling and, more generally, of the entire Brewer–Dobson circulation.
Direct Assimilation of Radar Reflectivity without Tangent Linear and Adjoint of the Nonlinear Observation Operator in the GSI-Based EnVar System: Methodology and Experiment with the 8 May 2003 Oklahoma City Tornadic Supercell
Authors: Wang Yongming , Wang Xuguang
Published: December 2016

A GSI-based EnVar data assimilation system is extended to directly assimilate radar reflectivity to initialize convective-scale forecasts. When hydrometeor mixing ratios are used as state variables (method mixing ratio), large differences of the cost function gradients with respect to the small hydrometeor mixing ratios and wind prevent efficient convergence. Using logarithmic mixing ratios as state variables (method logarithm) fixes this problem, but generates spuriously large hydrometeor increments partly due to the transform to and from the logarithmic space. The tangent linear of the reflectivity operators further contributes to spuriously small and large hydrometeor increments in method mixing ratio and method logarithm, respectively. A new method is proposed by directly adding the reflectivity as a state variable (method dBZ). Without the tangent linear and adjoint of the nonlinear operator, the new method therefore avoids the aforementioned problems.

The newly proposed method is examined on the analysis and prediction of the 8 May 2003 Oklahoma City tornadic supercell storm. Both the probabilistic forecast of strong low-level vorticity and maintenance of strong updraft and vorticity in method dBZ are more consistent with reality than in method logarithm and method mixing ratio. Detailed diagnostics suggest that a more realistic cold pool due to the better analyzed hydrometeors in method dBZ than in other methods leads to constructive interaction between the surface gust front and the updraft aloft associated with the midlevel mesocyclone. Similar low-level vorticity forecast and maintenance of the storm are produced by the WSM6 and Thompson microphysics schemes in method dBZ. The Thompson scheme matches the reflectivity distribution with the observations better for all lead times, but shows more southeastward track bias compared to the WSM6 scheme.
Improving NOAA NAQFC PM2.5 Predictions with a Bias Correction Approach
Authors: Huang Jianping , McQueen Jeffery , Wilczak James , Djalalova Irina , Stajner Ivanka , Shafran Perry , Allured Dave , Lee Pius , Pan Li , Tong Daniel , Huang Ho-Chun , DiMego Geoffrey , Upadhayay Sikchya , Delle Monache Luca
Published: December 2016

Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm (PM2.5) is a critical air pollutant with important impacts on human health. It is essential to provide accurate air quality forecasts to alert people to avoid or reduce exposure to high ambient levels of PM2.5. The NOAA National Air Quality Forecasting Capability (NAQFC) provides numerical forecast guidance of surface PM2.5 for the United States. However, the NAQFC forecast guidance for PM2.5 has exhibited substantial seasonal biases, with overpredictions in winter and underpredictions in summer. To reduce these biases, an analog ensemble bias correction approach is being integrated into the NAQFC to improve experimental PM2.5 predictions over the contiguous United States. Bias correction configurations with varying lengths of training periods (i.e., the time period over which searches for weather or air quality scenario analogs are made) and differing ensemble member size are evaluated for July, August, September, and November 2015. The analog bias correction approach yields substantial improvement in hourly time series and diurnal variation patterns of PM2.5 predictions as well as forecast skill scores. However, two prominent issues appear when the analog ensemble bias correction is applied to the NAQFC for operational forecast guidance. First, day-to-day variability is reduced after using bias correction. Second, the analog bias correction method can be limited in improving PM2.5 predictions for extreme events such as Fourth of July Independence Day firework emissions and wildfire smoke events. The use of additional predictors and longer training periods for analog searches is recommended for future studies.
Vitamin D Receptor Expression in Plasmablastic Lymphoma and Myeloma Cells Confers Susceptibility to Vitamin D
Authors: Gascoyne Duncan M. , Lyne Linden , Spearman Hayley , Buffa Francesca M. , Soilleux Elizabeth J. , Banham Alison H.
Published: December 2016

Plasmablastic B-cell malignancies include plasmablastic lymphoma and subsets of multiple myeloma and diffuse large B-cell lymphomaDLBCL. These diseases can be difficult to diagnose and treat, and they lack well-characterized cell line models. Here, immunophenotyping and FOXP1 expression profiling identified plasmablastic characteristics in DLBCL cell lines HLY-1 and SU-DHL-9, associated with CTNNAL1, HPGD, RORA, IGF1, and/or vitamin D receptor (VDR) transcription. We demonstrated VDR protein expression in primary plasmablastic tumor cells and confirmed in cell lines expression of both VDR and the metabolic enzyme CYP27B1, which catalyzes active vitamin D3 production. Although Vdr and Cyp27b1 transcription in normal B cells were activated by interleukin 4 (IL-4) and CD40 signaling, respectively, unstimulated malignant plasmablastic cells lacking IL-4 expressed both VDR and CYP27B1. Positive autoregulation evidenced intact VDR function in all plasmablastic lines, and inhibition of growth by active vitamin D3 was both dependent on MYC protein inhibition and could be enhanced by cotreatment with a synthetic ROR ligand SR-1078. Furthermore, a VDR polymorphism, FOK1, was associated with greater vitamin D3–dependent growth inhibition. In summary, HLY-1 provides an important model of strongly plasmablastic lymphoma, and disruption of VDR pathway activity may be of therapeutic benefit in both plasmablastic lymphoma and myeloma.
Long-Term Quality of Life in Adult Survivors of Pediatric Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Nies Marloes , Klein Hesselink Mariëlle S. , Huizinga Gea A. , Sulkers Esther , Brouwers Adrienne H. , Burgerhof Johannes G. M. , van Dam Eveline W. C. M. , Havekes Bas , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , Corssmit Eleonora P. M. , Kremer Leontien C. M. , Netea-Maier Romana T. , van der Pal Heleen J. H. , Peeters Robin P. , Plukker John T. M. , Ronckers Cécile M. , van Santen Hanneke M. , Tissing Wim J. E. , Links Thera P. , Bocca Gianni
Published: December 2016

Context:

Little is known about long-term quality of life (QoL) of survivors of pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate generic health-related QoL (HRQoL), fatigue, anxiety, and depression in these survivors compared with matched controls, and to evaluate thyroid cancer–specific HRQoL in survivors only.

Design:

Survivors diagnosed between 1970 and 2013 at age ≤18 years, were included. Exclusion criteria were a follow-up <5 years, attained age <18 years, or diagnosis of DTC as a second malignant neoplasm (SMN). Controls were matched by age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Survivors and controls were asked to complete 3 questionnaires [Short-Form 36 (HRQoL), Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory 20 (fatigue), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (anxiety/depression)]. Survivors completed a thyroid cancer–specific HRQoL questionnaire.

Results:

Sixty-seven survivors and 56 controls. Median age of survivors at evaluation was 34.2 years (range, 18.8 to 61.7). Median follow-up was 17.8 years (range, 5.0 to 44.7). On most QoL subscales, scores of survivors and controls did not differ significantly. However, survivors had more physical problems (P = 0.031), role limitations due to physical problems (P = 0.021), and mental fatigue (P = 0.016) than controls. Some thyroid cancer–specific complaints (e.g., sensory complaints and chilliness) were present in survivors. Unemployment and more extensive disease or treatment characteristics were most frequently associated with worse QoL.

Conclusions:

Overall, long-term QoL in survivors of pediatric DTC was normal. Survivors experienced mild impairment of QoL in some domains (physical problems, mental fatigue, and various thyroid cancer–specific complaints). Factors possibly affecting QoL need further exploration.
Βook Review:A. RHOBY (ed.), Inscriptions in Byzantium and Beyond. Methods – Projects – Case Studies, (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch- Historische Klasse. Denkschriften, vol. 478, Veröffentlichungen zur Byzanzforschung, vol. 38)
Authors: ΜΕΛΒΑΝΙ Νίκος
Published: December 2016

Book Review::A. RHOBY(ed.), Inscriptions in Byzantium and Beyond. Methods – Projects – Case Studies, (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch- Historische Klasse. Denkschriften, vol. 478, Veröffentlichungen zur Byzanzforschung, vol. 38), Vienna 2015. 246 pages. ISBN 978-3-7001-7674-9. ISBN Online: 978-3-7001-7806-4
Case Report: Use of reinforced buccal mucosa graft over gracilis muscle flap in management of post high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) rectourethral fistula
Authors: Jai Shrikant , Ganpule Arvind , Singh Abhishek , Vijaykumar Mohankumar , Bopaiah Vinod , Sabnis Ravindra , Desai Mahesh
Published: December 2016

High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has come forward as alternative treatment for carcinoma of the prostate. Though minimally invasive,HIFUhas potential side effects. Urethrorectal fistula is one such rare side effect. To our knowledge this is first case in which rectourethral fistula secondary to HIFU was repaired with buccal mucosa graft (BMG) over a harvest bed of gracilis flap.

This case report describes points of technique that will help successful management of resilient rectourethral fistula. Urinary and faecal diversion in the form of suprapubic catheter and colostomy is vital. Adequate time between stoma formation, fistula closure and then finally stoma closure is needed. Lithotomy position and perineal approach gives best exposure to the fistula. The rectum should be dissected 2cm above the fistula; this aids in tension free closure of the rectal defect. Similarly buccal mucosal graft was used on the urethra to achieve tension free closure. A good vascular pedicle gracilis muscle flap is used to interpose between the two repairs. This not only provides a physical barrier but also provides a vascular bed for BMG uptake. Perfect haemostasis is essential, as any collection may become a site of infection thus compromising results.

 We strongly recommend rectourethral fistula be directly repaired with gracilis muscle flap with reinforced buccal mucosa graft without attempting any less invasive repairs because the “first chance is the best chance”.
Building the infrastructure to make science metrics more scientific
Authors: Lin Jennifer , Murphy Fiona L. , Taylor Mike , Allen Liz
Published: December 2016

Research leaders, policy makers and science strategists need evidence to support decision-making around research funding investment, policy and strategy.  In recent years there has been a rapid expansion in the data sources available that shed light onto aspects of research quality, excellence, use, re-use and attention, and engagement. This is at a time when the modes and routes to share and communicate research findings and data are also changing. 

In this opinion piece, we outline a series of considerations and interventions that are needed to ensure that research metric development is accompanied by appropriate scrutiny and governance, to properly support the needs of research assessors and decision-makers, while securing the confidence of the research community. Key among these are: agreed ‘gold standards’ around datasets and methodologies; full transparency around the calculation and derivation of research-related indicators; and a strategy and roadmap to take the discipline of scientific indicators and research assessment to a more robust and sustainable place.
Recent advances in understanding Lynch syndrome
Authors: Shawki Sherief , Kalady Matthew F.
Published: December 2016

Colorectal cancer affects about 4.4% of the population and is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Approximately 10% to 20% of cases occur within a familial pattern, and Lynch syndrome is the most common hereditary colorectal cancer syndrome. Lynch syndrome is a hereditary predisposition to forming colorectal and extracolonic cancers, caused by a germline mutation in one of the DNA mismatch repair genes. Identifying at-risk patients and making a correct diagnosis are the keys to successful screening and interventions which will decrease formation of and death from cancers. Knowledge of the genetics and the natural history of Lynch syndrome has continued to be uncovered in recent years, leading to a better grasp on how these patients and their families should be managed. Recent developments include the approach to diagnostic testing, more precise definitions of the syndrome and risk stratification based on gene mutations, surgical decision-making, and chemoprevention.
Overweight and obesity prevalence of Latvian pre-school children
Authors: Martinsone-Bērzkalne Liene , Umbraško Silvija , Duļevska Ilva
Published: December 2016

...
Creation and revitalization of the Estonian National Register of anthropometric data
Authors: Tiit Ene-Margit
Published: December 2016

Anthropmetric data have always been of interest for scientists. They have also great practical value for different groups of people: tailors, designers and also health care specialists. Anthropological data are different in different geographical areas and also change in time. That is why it is important to save also results of older anthropometrical measurements. In Estonia the anthropometrical measurements have been made by different researchers since the 18th century. The Group of Physical Anthropology at the University of Tartu (initiated by prof Helje Kaarma) was especially active in gathering anthropometric data. The data were saved in the Anthropometic Register. Unfortunately, the register had no financial support and so its activities stopped. In summer 2016 the group of people interested in saving the historical anthropometric data started revitalising the Register of Anthropological Data. Hopefully, it will be possible to use the Estonian Social Science Data Archive for this purpose.
Modern Problems of Formation of the Art of Management
Authors: Коротков  , Korotkov Eduard
Published: December 2016

The main factors that provide the development of the management art are listed and proved in this article.

It was defined that the management art should include the theoretical knowledge, practical skills, personal,

moral and etic qualities.
On the Question of Estimation of Managerial Influence
Authors: Самосудов  , Samosudov Mikhail
Published: December 2016

The article discusses a methodological approach to the estimation of managerial influence. This approach

is based on calculating of human behavior vector, involves consideration of the impact of the institutional

environment and, consequently, allows to estimate the managerial influence more accurately.
Goodwill of Companies: the Need to Build and Problems
Authors: Кузьмина  , Kuzmina YElyena , Соклакова  , Soklakova Irina
Published: December 2016

In article the importance of business reputation as necessary factor of increase in competitiveness of the

companies is proved, stages of formation of business reputation of the company are considered, the reputation

is considered as one of the most important components of intangible assets of the company, examples of

increase in business reputation of the modern organizations are described, the main advantages which the

positive business reputation of the company gives are distinguished, described external and internal factors

and risks, the exerting considerable impact on reputation of the company.
Matrix Models of Resource Selection Strategy in Crisis Management
Authors: Жернакова  , ZHyernakova Marina , Вострова  , Vostrova A.
Published: December 2016

The article considers the formation of the matrix material sourcing strategies and how to use them to

determine more appropriate management decisions in a crisis management.
Determination of Effectiveness of Civil Position Education of Younger Schoolchildren with the Use of Regional Studies
Authors: Макарова  , Makarova L.
Published: December 2016

The author focuses on the local studies as a mean of civil position education of younger schoolchild, as well as on criteria for the objective

correlation with the achieved result. The article presents criterion-diagnostic tool that can be used to determine the effectiveness of civil position

education of younger schoolchild by practicing teachers, trainers and students of pedagogical specialties of secondary and higher vocational

education.
THE TASK OF LEGAL SCIENCE AND HOW TO PERFORM IT
Authors: Хассельбальк Оле , Khasselbalk Ole
Published: December 2016

In the presented article there is the author’s opinion of how the legal science should function and what its subject is. Also the attitude is explained towards the proper methods and ways of legal scientific researching activity in the article. The author supposes these two items to be the most and vitally important for gaining the objectiveness and fruitful results of such kind of the mental activity. The author also thinks that during the recent times the imaginations, including the scientific ones, of the social aim of the legal science and law have been broken and have become false. It means that the influence of law on the society and on the relationship among the individuals is not proper now and law does not perfect them. It also means that, due to the above said, the results of the scientific research of law are not always objective nowadays and they do not reflect the reality. As an example the author demonstrates the outcome of the Scandinavian countries legal systems functioning. These results are positive thanks to the fact that the mentioned legal systems are aimed at the social prosperity and at providing the high standards of living, because the Scandinavian law are traditionally tightly connected with social targets of the northern European countries inhabitants. The author persists on his viewpoint that the success of law — making process completely depends upon the participation of the majority of the inhabitants in it. It might be realized through organizing and holding the referendums, talks between the authorities and the inhabitants, through the activity of the civil society institutions. Then the author formulates his recommendations of how to deal with scientific research in law, how to carry out it and how to work out the positive results of it through using them by both the beginners and by the experienced professionals. He tries to avoid the legal scholars’ false and mistaken methods of scientific research. Basing his recommendations on his own positive scientific legal research experience, the author of the article describes, explains and underlines the concrete positive and proper ways of researching, leading to the fundamental discovers in law.
THE LEGAL REGULATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL REGIMES IN THE MEMBER STATES OF THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION
Authors: Калмыкова Анастасия , Kalmykova Anastasiya
Published: December 2016

The article is devoted to еру comparative legal analysis of the legislation in the Member States of the Eurasian Economic Union regard to the regulation of administrative and legal regimes. It examines the types of administrative and legal regimes, the specific methods of state regulation of the introduction of administrative and regulatory regimes as well as the restrictions imposed on members of regulated relations. The article also analyzes the common and distinctive features of the administrative and legal regimes in the Member States of the Eurasian Economic Union. The author proceeds from the fact that the grounds for the establishment of administrative and legal regimes in the Member States of the Eurasian Economic Union are requirements relating to safety as the result of social conflicts (causes) and the causes of natural, technological and biological nature as well as due to the necessity of establishing a special kind of regulation. This task is even more actualized in terms of scientific and technological development, the creation of fundamentally new technologies and industries, and the growth of morbidity and mortality because of influence of harmful environmental factors, progressive economic crisis, general increase of paces and intensity of economic, political and social life.
THE FORMATION OF A SYSTEM OF ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISMS IN SERBIA
Authors: Шрам Валерий , Shram Valeriy
Published: December 2016

The article is devoted to the analysis of the formation of a system of alternative dispute resolution mechanisms in Serbia as one of the instruments stimulating the development of entrepreneurship and combating corruption. The author considers such nonjudicial legitimate methods of dispute resolution as negotiations of the parties, mediation, arbitration (binding arbitration) and the court of honor at the Economic chamber of Serbia, as well as other conciliation procedures. One of the main characteristic by which non-judicial methods of dispute resolution can be classified is the participation in them of third parties. The Serbian law relates to them participation of mediators in the reconciliation procedures, ombudsmen, state rights activists (authorized to protect the rights and interests of the state), judges, lawyers. Special attention is paid to mediation as a set of voluntary modes of settlement of the conflicting parties with the participation of third parties. The mediation is conducted on the good will of the conflicting parties by the mediator who seeks to resolve disputes through a settlement agreement. Under the law mediation can be realized by mediators, ombudsmen, state rights activists (authorized to protect the rights and interests of the state) who are trained by judges and lawyers. The article discusses the mechanism of pre-trial dispute settlement between the conflicting parties. Special attention is paid to the analysis of pre-trial settlement of disputes between parents of minor children decided to divorce. In Serbia an important role in the formation of alternative dispute resolution mechanisms of economic entities plays a chamber of Commerce of Serbia under which exists the court of honor and court of arbitration. Their competence includes the resolution of disputes through mediation.