bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pyridoindole SMe1EC2 as cognition enhancer in ageing-related cognitive decline
Authors: Mrvová Nataša , Škandík Martin , Bezek Štefan , Sedláčková Natália , Mach Mojmír , Gaspárová Zdenka , Luptáková Dominika , Padej Ivan , Račková Lucia
Published: February 2018

Synthetic pyridoindole-type substances derived from the lead compound stobadine represent promising agents in treatment of a range of pathologies including neurological disorders. The beneficial biological effects were suggested to be likely associated with their capacity to ameliorate oxidative damage.

In our study, the effect of supplementation with the derivative of stobadine, SMe1EC2, on ageing-related cognitive decline in rats was investigated. The 20-months-old male Wistar rats were administered SMe1EC2 at a low dose, 0.5 mg/kg, daily during eight weeks. Morris water maze test was performed to assess the spatial memory performances. The cell-based assays of capacity of SMe1EC2 to modulate proinflammatory generation of oxidants by microglia were also performed.

The rats treated with SMe1EC2 showed significantly increased path efficiency, significantly shorter time interval of successful trials and exerted also notably lower frequencies of clockwise rotations in the pool compared to non-supplemented aged animals. Mildly improved parameters included test durations, distances to reach the platform, time in periphery of the pool and overall rotations in the water maze. However, the pyridoindole SMe1EC2 did not show profound inhibitory effect on production of nitric oxide and superoxide by activated microglial cells.

In conclusion, our study suggests that pyridoindole SMe1EC2, at low doses administered chronically, can act as cognition enhancing agent in aged rats. The protective mechanism less likely involves direct modulation of proinflammatory and prooxidant state of microglia, the prominent mediators of neurotoxicity in brain ageing and neurodegeneration.
Melatonin protects against chromium (VI) induced hepatic oxidative stress and toxicity: Duration dependent study with realistic dosage
Authors: Banerjee Sudip , Joshi Niraj , Mukherjee Raktim , Singh Prem Kumar , Baxi Darshee , Ramachandran A.V.
Published: February 2018

The present study was undertaken to assess the degree of oxidative stress and toxic effects induced by chromium on hepatic tissue in male Wistar rats exposed to a realistic dosage of Cr(VI) (20 mg/kg/b.w./day) through drinking water, based on the levels of these metals found in the environment, for a duration of 15, 30 and 60 days. The protective effect of melatonin (10 mg/kg) was also studied by simultaneous administration with the metal. Levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants as well as lipid peroxidation were assessed. There was a significant decrease in enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic antioxidants and an increase in the lipid peroxidation level, which were prevented and maintained at near-normal levels by the administration of melatonin in all treatment periods. Metal accumulation was maximal at 15 days, with gradual decreases till 60 days. Histopathological observations also demonstrated the fact that Cr (VI) exposure leads to cytological lesions in the hepatic tissue promoting cellular necrotic/apoptotic changes, while melatonin was able to counteract insults induced by Cr (VI) at all treatment periods. It also prevented alterations in insulin and glucose levels. Overall, the present study suggests a duration-dependent effect of Cr on hepatic oxidative stress and cytotoxicity and shows the potent activity of melatonin in preventing the negative effects of Cr (VI).
Deleterious effects of combination of lead and β-amyloid peptides in inducing apoptosis and altering cell cycle in human neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Neelima Ayyalasomayajula , Rajanna Ajumeera , Bhanuprakash Reddy G. , Chetty C.S. , Suresh Challa
Published: February 2018

Lead (Pb) is a toxic pollutant known to cause several abnormalities related to the brain, including cognitive dysfunction, and it is ubiquitous in nature. β-amyloid peptides (AP) are crucially involved in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). It has been reported that there is a connection between lead and amyloid peptides in exerting similar kinds of altered functions in the brain and long-term exposure to lead leads ultimately to increased beta amyloid formation in the brain, lethal to human brain cells. There is still a lack of information on the mechanism by which Pb affects AP formation, exerting combined toxicity in AD patients. To fill the gap, we have systematically analyzed the toxicity individually and in combination of Pb and AP in human brain cells. We found that the combination of Pb and AP exerted a higher toxicity than individual exposures in human neuroblastoma cells. The lower inhibitory concentration values were determined by both time and concentration dependent manner on using MTT assay. The data resulted in the development of enhanced toxicity on exposure to Pb with both the combinations of AP(1-40) or (25-35) and with all combinations in human brain cells compared to individual exposures to Pb (1-40) or AP(25-35). The severe apoptotic effect and alteration in cell cycle by arresting at the S-phase evidenced the increased toxicity of combinational exposure to Pb and AP on human neuroblastoma cells. Furthermore, the quantitative determination of LDH and caspase-3 activity indicated the induction of severe toxicity. We conclude that both are synergistically associated with effects such as arresting the cell cycle and triggering apoptosis during the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.
Chronic exposure to quinalphos shows biochemical changes and genotoxicty in erythrocytes of silver barb, Barbonymus gonionotus
Authors: Sadiqul Islam M. , Kabir Saimon Mohiful , Ferdous Zannatul , Mansura Khan Mst. , Khalilur Rahman Md.
Published: February 2018

An in vivo study was carried out on the freshwater fish Barbonymus gonionotus to evaluate the genotoxic effects of the organophosphate quinalphos. The fish were exposed to sub-lethal doses of quinalphos (0%, 10%, 25%, and 50% of LC50) for a period of 30 days. Analysis of biochemical characteristics (protein and lipid contents of different organs), nuclear abnormalities of erythrocytes (NAE) and morphological abnormalities of erythrocytes (MAE) were performed on peripheral erythrocytes sampled at post-treatment intervals of 0 and 30 days. The biochemical results revealed a significant dose-dependent decline in protein and lipid contents and increase in the frequencies of NAE as well as MAE. Our findings also confirmed that the morphological deformations of erythrocytes in addition to NAE on fish erythrocytes in vivo are effective tools in determining the potential genotoxicity of organophosphates.
Aflatoxins and Health Considerations in Consumer Food Choices in Ghana
Authors: Agyekum Michael , Jolly Curtis M. , Thompson Henry
Published: February 2018

Food safety enjoys sustained attention among the scientific community, policymakers, and the general public due to health impacts. However, pursuing appropriate regulations for pervasive food contaminants is a challenging policy issue, particularly for naturally-occurring food toxins such as aflatoxins and other mycotoxins. This paper explores consumer preferences for quality aflatoxin-free peanuts, and how food safety concerns may impact willingness to pay more for safer foods. Incorporating ‘risky’ foods into random utility-maximization framework, we analyze contingent valuation survey data on Ghana. Model and survey results show consumers in Ghana approve of food aflatoxin regulations, and are prepared to pay price premiums as incentives to ensure supply of quality peanuts. Findings reveal that consumers prioritize food safety above prices in market decisions. People prefer introduction of aflatoxin regulations that would guarantee good health; useful information for policy makers in Ghana, Africa, and rest of the developing world.
Performance Analysis of Laser Phase Noise Compensated COOFDM System
Authors: Dhawan Divya , Gupta Neena
Published: February 2018

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing along with the coherent detection and spectrally efficient modulation formats is a promising solution for long haul and high speed communication systems. Although they offer significant advantages which make them suitable for high speed and long haul communication systems they all are susceptible to phase noise. In this paper a combination of RF-pilot-based approach followed by pilot-based equalization approach is used for laser phase noise compensation. The various parameters such as drive voltage, bias voltage and extinction ratio are optimized to get the optimum performance from the proposed scheme. The designed system is then analyzed in terms of Symbol Error Rate (SER), constellation diagrams and error vector magnitude using various types of Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) formats.
Food composition of the Little Owl(Athene noctua)in a farmland area of Central Hungary, with particular attention to arthropod diversity
Authors: Hámori Dániel , Szél Győző , Winkler Dániel
Published: February 2018

The feeding of Little Owl(Athene noctua)was studied in a farmland area of Kiskunság, Central Hungary. For the analyses, a total of 661 Little Owl pellets were collected between February and September 2005 from three locations, corresponding known Little Owl territories situated nearby the settlements Apaj, Kunpeszér and Ladánybene. The aim of the present study was to explore the diet composition of Little Owl and to give a detailed evaluation of the arthropod diversity based on the pellet analysis. The identified prey items represented 15 vertebrate and 39 invertebrate species/taxa. In terms of prey number, dominance of small mammals was observed in two sites (Apaj – 55%, Kunpeszér – 68%), while birds and mammals shared almost equal dominance (~25%) in Ladánybene. The most numerous mammal species was the Common Vole(Microtus arvalis), while the Starling(Sturnus vulgaris)played key role among the birds. Contribution of amphibian Common Spadefoot(Pelobates fuscus)was considerable, while share of reptiles was marginal. Vertebrates also played a predominant role by contributing over 99% of the overall prey biomass in all study sites. Invertebrate prey dominance ranged from 24.8–30.0% while their contribution to the overall biomass was very low (0.14–0.34%). Large sized beetles(Pentodon idiota, Melolontha hippocastani)and orthopterans(Tettigonia viridissima, Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa)were preferred. Arthropod species richness and diversity were the highest in Kunpeszér, supposedly owing to the rich mosaic habitat structure.
Women’s knowledge on activities associated with maternal hyperthermia during pregnancy. A cross-sectional study of the sample of Polish women
Authors: Szatko Alicja , Boryszewska Martyna , Mabiala Ewelina , Kacperczyk-Bartnik Joanna , Dobrowolska-Redo Agnieszka , Zaręba-Szczudlik Julia , Romejko-Wolniewicz Ewa
Published: February 2018

Introduction. Hyperthermia during the first trimester increases the risk of miscarriage and birth defects. A variety of activities predisposing to hyperthermia during pregnancy such as attending sauna, hot tubs or solarium may lead to irreversible abnormalities of the developing fetus.

Aim. The aim of the study was to assess women‘s knowledge on the risks of maternal hyperthermia during each trimester of pregnancy.

Material and methods. It was a cross-sectional study conducted by means of an anonymous questionnaire. The study group included 302 women aged 17-65 who were admitted to a tertiary referral hospital. The questionnaire was designed on the basis of the Committee Opinion formulated by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and was consisted of two sections: demographic data and respondents‘ opinions on activities associated with hyperthermia in pregnancy. Statistical analysis was conducted to estimate the association of age, level of education and obstetrical status.

Results. The lowest percentage of given proper answers was observed in case of questions about early pregnancy. There was no association between respondents‘ level of education and choice of correct answers. Current pregnancy was associated with higher awareness of contraindicated using of hot tubs and steam rooms.

Conclusions. Patients‘ education concerning hyperthermia in pregnancy should focus on information about high risk of birth defects caused by overheating in the early pregnancy and a variety of activities linked with temperature elevation.
Popularity and knowledge concerning complications of body modifications among young adults
Authors: Pekar Joanna , Skolarczyk Justyna , Łabądź Dawid , Chrobok Katarzyna , Nieradko-Iwanicka Barbara
Published: February 2018

Introduction. Body modifications are practices leading to transient or permanent change of various parts of human body. The most popular forms of body modifications are tattooing and piercing.

Aim. The aim of the study is to determine the frequency of the most popular body modifications (tattoos and piercing) among young adults aged 18-32 years and to collect and analyze their opinions concerning body modifications and to determine their knowledge about the complications during these procedures.

Material and methods. The study was conducted in February 2017 among 251 individuals: 146 females (58.17%) and 105 males (41.83%). An original questionnaire was used. It consisted of questions about body modifications. Researchers recorded body modifications the respondents have had. Participation in the study was voluntary and anonymous. Participants were randomly selected. Results were analyzed with STATISTICA 12.5 and ANOVA program; p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results. The number of 23 examined individuals (10 men and 13 women) had tattoos (9.16%). The mean number of tattoos was 1.6±0.6 for women and 2±1.1 for men. As many as 128 individuals had ear piercing (51%), including 6 males and 122 females. The number of 13 people (5.18%) had piercing in places other than ears. Piercing is significantly more common than tattooing. As many as 109 individuals (43.43%) did not have tattoos or body piercing. The total number of 106 respondents (42.23%) liked tattoos, ear piercing 168 (66.93%), piercing of other parts of the body 41 (16.33%), and other body modifications 8 (3.19%) individuals. As many as 221 (88.05%) individuals claimed that they knew the complications of body modifications.

Conclusions. Body modifications are popular among young adults, especially among females. The most positively assessed by respondents were earnings and tattoos, what correlates with their occurrence in this group of people. The vast majority of respondents consider that they know the complications of body modifications.
Effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on quality of life and self-efficacy in dialysis patients
Authors: Solati Kamal , Mardani Saeed , Ahmadi Ali , Danaei Sajad
Published: February 2018

Introduction: Amongst other problems, dialysis patients also present mental and psychological problems. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on quality of life and self-efficacy in hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods: In a descriptive study, 50 hemodialysis patients undergoing dialysis in Hajar hospital were randomly selected and divided into two groups of experimental and control. The experimental group attended 2 to 2.5 hours treatment sessions according to the MBCT program. Before the intervention and two months after, the outcomes of the study, regarded as, quality of life and self-efficacy were evaluated using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and Sherer et al’s General Self-efficacy Scale, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t test, paired t test, and Wilcoxon test in the Stata software. Results: The results indicated that 2 months after intervention, a decrease of 2.05 points in mean score for quality of life in the control group and an increase of 10.30 points in the intervention group at P<0.01 significance level was detected. Furthermore, mean self-efficacy score increased by 0.95 in control group and 5.2 points in the intervention group at P<0.01 significance level. While, the mean scores for quality of life and self-efficacy increased after intervention, the difference in the mean scores between the two groups was not statistically significant after intervention (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the MBCT program resulted in an increase in the mean scores for quality of life and self-efficacy in hemodialysis patients.
Cardiac-Autonomic Responses to In-Season Training Among Division-1 College Football Players
Authors: Flatt Andrew A. , Esco Michael R. , Allen Jeff R. , Robinson James B. , Bragg Amy , Keith Clay M. , Fedewa Michael V. , Earley Ryan L.
Published: February 2018

Flatt, AA, Esco, MR, Allen, JR, Robinson, JB, Bragg, A, Keith, CM, Fedewa, MV, and Earley, RL. Cardiac-autonomic responses to in-season training among Division-1 college football players. J Strength Cond Res 34(6): 1649–1656, 2020—Despite having to endure a rigorous in-season training schedule, research evaluating daily physiological recovery status markers among American football players is limited. The purpose of this study was to determine whether recovery of cardiac-autonomic activity to resting values occurs between consecutive-day, in-season training sessions among college football players. Subjects (n = 29) were divided into groups based on position: receivers and defensive backs (SKILL, n = 10); running backs, linebackers, and tight-ends (MID-SKILL, n = 11) and linemen (LINEMEN, n = 8). Resting heart rate (RHR) and the natural logarithm of the root mean square of successive differences multiplied by 20 (LnRMSSD) were acquired at rest in the seated position before Tuesday and Wednesday training sessions and repeated over 3 weeks during the first month of the competitive season. A position × time interaction was observed for LnRMSSD (p = 0.04), but not for the RHR (p = 0.33). No differences in LnRMSSD between days was observed for SKILL (Tuesday = 82.8 ± 9.3, Wednesday = 81.9 ± 8.7, p > 0.05). Small reductions in LnRMSSD were observed for MID-SKILL (Tuesday = 79.2 ± 9.4, Wednesday = 76.2 ± 9.5, p ≤ 0.05) and LINEMEN (Tuesday = 79.4 ± 10.5, Wednesday = 74.5 ± 11.5, p ≤ 0.05). The individually averaged changes in LnRMSSD from Tuesday to Wednesday were related to PlayerLoad (r = 0.46, p = 0.02) and body mass (r = −0.39, p = 0.04). Cardiac-parasympathetic activity did not return to resting values for LINEMEN or MID-SKILL before the next training session. Larger reductions in LnRMSSD tended to occur in players with greater body mass despite having performed lower workloads, although some individual variability was observed. These findings may have implications for how coaches and support staff address training and recovery interventions for players demonstrating inadequate cardiovascular recovery between sessions.
Influence of Biological Maturity on the Match Performance of 8- to 16-Year-Old, Elite, Male, Youth Soccer Players
Authors: Goto Heita , Morris John G. , Nevill Mary E.
Published: February 2018

Goto, H, Morris, JG, and Nevill, ME. Influence of biological maturity on the match performance of 8- to 16-year-old, elite, male, youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 33(11): 3078–3084, 2019—The aim of this study was to examine the influence of biological maturity on match performance in elite, youth, male soccer players. The participants were 80 Premier League Academy outfield players (8–16 years old). Biological maturity was determined by calculating estimated chronological age at peak height velocity. The U9 and U10 squads played 6-a-side and the U11-U16 squads played 11-a-side interacademy matches. All matches were analyzed using a 1-Hz global positioning system (SPI Elite™, GPSports, Canberra, Australia) with squad-specific speed zones, which were calculated based on 5-m flying sprint speed in the last 5 m of 10-m sprint test. In the U9/U10s, earlier maturers were given a longer pitch time by coaches (∼4 minutes per match; p = 0.029) and covered a greater total distance (∼9%; ∼400 m; p = 0.037) and a greater distance by walking (∼13%; ∼100 m; p = 0.024) and jogging (∼12%; ∼200 m; p = 0.014) during a match compared with later maturers. In the U13/U14s, earlier maturers covered a greater distance per hour of a match by high-speed running compared with later maturers (∼25%; ∼130 m; p = 0.028) and spent a longer percentage of time in high-speed running during a match compared with later maturers (3.4% vs. 2.7%, p = 0.034). Thus, coaches should take care to provide all players with a similar pitch time and should be aware in the talent identification and development process, particularly with the U13/U14 age group, because maturity can influence high-speed match running performance.
Brexit, Prophecy, and Conspiracy
Authors: Knowles Steve
Published: February 2018

This study examines why some pretribulation premillennialist Christian leaders in the United Kingdom instructed their followers, both implicitly and explicitly, to vote to leave the European Union in the referendum in June 2016. The formation of the European Union is regarded as central to the fulfilment of prophecy by many premillennialists as it is purported to be the revived Roman Empire found in the books of Daniel and Revelation in the Bible. On the face of it, to vote to leave the European Union would seem to be contrary to such prophetic conjecture given the importance of the United Kingdom’s role in the Union, and the perceived destabilising impact this would have on it. This article argues, utilising evidence from interviews with two premillennialist leaders and other contemporary sources, that voting to leave did not necessarily contradict previous teaching. Rather, voting to leave was not only consistent with this teaching but also reflected the rejection of many features of the late modern condition. However, the rejection of the latter has sometimes resulted in a move beyond the premillennialist prophetic framework into the realm of conspiracy beliefs.
Significant prevalence of NR3C1 mutations in incidentally discovered bilateral adrenal hyperplasia: results of the French MUTA-GR Study
Authors: Vitellius Géraldine , Trabado Séverine , Hoeffel Christine , Bouligand Jérôme , Bennet Antoine , Castinetti Frederic , Decoudier Bénédicte , Guiochon-Mantel Anne , Lombes Marc , Delemer Brigitte , _ _ , _ _ , Amiot-Chapoutot F , Ancelle D , Bertoin F , Brue T , Caron P , Borson-Chazot F , Christin-Maitre S , Chabre O , Dessailloud R , Estour B , Grulet H , Illouz F , Jeandidier N , Kerlan V , Klein M , Penfornis A , Pierre P , Tabarin A , Touraine P , Vantyghem M C , Young J
Published: February 2018

Background

Recently discovered mutations of NR3C1 gene, encoding for the GR, in patients with glucocorticoid resistance and bilateral adrenal incidentalomas prompted us to investigate whether GR mutations might be associated with adrenal hyperplasia.

Objective

The multicenter French Clinical Research Program (Muta-GR) was set up to determine the prevalence of GR mutations and polymorphisms in patients harboring bilateral adrenal incidentalomas associated with hypertension and/or biological hypercortisolism without clinical Cushing’s signs.

Results

One hundred patients were included in whom NR3C1 sequencing revealed five original heterozygous GR mutations that impaired GR signaling in vitro. Mutated patients presented with mild glucocorticoid resistance defined as elevated urinary free cortisol (1.7 ± 0.7 vs 0.9 ± 0.8 upper limit of normal range, P = 0.006), incomplete 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test without suppressed 8-AM adrenocorticotrophin levels (30.9 ± 31.2 vs 16.2 ± 17.5 pg/mL) compared to the non-mutated patients. Potassium and aldosterone levels were lower in mutated patients (3.6 ± 0.2 vs 4.1 ± 0.5 mmol/L, P = 0.01, and 17.3 ± 9.9 vs 98.6 ± 115.4 pg/mL, P = 0.0011, respectively) without elevated renin levels, consistent with pseudohypermineralocorticism. Ex vivo characterization of mutated patients’ fibroblasts demonstrated GR haploinsufficiency as revealed by below-normal glucocorticoid induction of FKBP5 gene expression. There was no association between GR polymorphisms and adrenal hyperplasia in this cohort, except an over-representation of BclI polymorphism.

Conclusion

The 5% prevalence of heterozygous NR3C1 mutations discovered in our series is higher than initially thought and encourages GR mutation screening in patients with adrenal incidentalomas to unambiguously differentiate from Cushing’s states and to optimize personalized follow-up.
The neuroendocrine phenotype, genomic profile and therapeutic sensitivity of GEPNET cell lines
Authors: Hofving Tobias , Arvidsson Yvonne , Almobarak Bilal , Inge Linda , Pfragner Roswitha , Persson Marta , Stenman Göran , Kristiansson Erik , Johanson Viktor , Nilsson Ola
Published: February 2018

Experimental models of neuroendocrine tumour disease are scarce, and no comprehensive characterisation of existing gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (GEPNET) cell lines has been reported. In this study, we aimed to define the molecular characteristics and therapeutic sensitivity of these cell lines. We therefore performed immunophenotyping, copy number profiling, whole-exome sequencing and a large-scale inhibitor screening of seven GEPNET cell lines. Four cell lines, GOT1, P-STS, BON-1 and QGP-1, displayed a neuroendocrine phenotype while three others, KRJ-I, L-STS and H-STS, did not. Instead, these three cell lines were identified as lymphoblastoid. Characterisation of remaining authentic GEPNET cell lines by copy number profiling showed that GOT1, among other chromosomal alterations, harboured losses on chromosome 18 encompassing theSMAD4gene, while P-STS had a loss on 11q. BON-1 had a homozygous loss ofCDKN2AandCDKN2B, and QGP-1 harboured amplifications ofMDM2andHMGA2. Whole-exome sequencing revealed both disease-characteristic mutations (e.g.ATRXmutation in QGP-1) and, for patient tumours, rare genetic events (e.g.TP53mutation in P-STS, BON-1 and QGP-1). A large-scale inhibitor screening showed that cell lines from pancreatic NETs to a greater extent, when compared to small intestinal NETs, were sensitive to inhibitors of MEK. Similarly, neuroendocrine NET cells originating from the small intestine were considerably more sensitive to a group of HDAC inhibitors. Taken together, our results provide a comprehensive characterisation of GEPNET cell lines, demonstrate their relevance as neuroendocrine tumour models and explore their therapeutic sensitivity to a broad range of inhibitors.
EVALUATION OF THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND RESIDUAL MONOMER CONTENT OF COPOLYMER ACRYLIC RESINS POLYMERIZED BY DIFFERENT METHODS
Authors: Köroğlu Ayşegül , Şahin Onur , Dede Doğu Ömür , Adıgüzel Şeyda , Hazer Baki
Published: February 2018

Background:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect
of adding four different monomers on the flexural strength, elastic modulus, impact
strength and residual monomer content of denture base resins polymerized by
copolymerization mechanism.Methods:Butyl methacrylate (BMA), Isobutyl mathacrylate (IBMA),
2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and methacryl-polyhedral silsesquioxane
(POSS-MA) were added to monomers of conventional heat (HP) and microwave
polymerized (MP) polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin at the concentrations of
2%, 5% and 10% per volume. The flexural strength, elastic modulus and impact
strength of specimens were measured with an universal testing machine and
Charpy-type impact tester. Residual monomer contents were determined by high
performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Results:10% IBMA and 10%
HEMA enhanced the flexural strength of HP resin. For the elastic modulus of MP resin,
significant differences observed between the control group and 2 and 5% IBMA, 5
and 10% HEMA, and 5% POSS-MA groups (P<.05). Copolymerization mechanism had
no positive effect on the impact strength of denture base resins. Significant differences
were observed between the residual monomer of control group and 10% IBMA, 10%
BMA, 10% POSS-MA groups of HP resin (P<.05). In MP resin group significant
differences were observed between control group and 5% IBMA, 2-5-10% HEMA
groups (P<.05).Conclusions: Copolymerization
process was effective on the flexural strength of HP denture base resin with
10% IBMA and 10 % HEMA. However the process caused an increase in the residual
monomer content of some resin groups. Keywords: Denture base
resin, copolymer, flexural strength, impact strength, residual monomer.
Epilepsy in Children After Pandemic Influenza Vaccination
Authors: Håberg Siri E. , Aaberg Kari M. , Surén Pål , Trogstad Lill , Ghaderi Sara , Stoltenberg Camilla , Magnus Per , Bakken Inger Johanne
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVES:

To determine if pandemic influenza vaccination was associated with an increased risk of epilepsy in children.

METHODS:

Information from Norwegian registries from 2006 through 2014 on all children <18 years living in Norway on October 1, 2009 was used in Cox regression models to estimate hazard ratios for incident epilepsy after vaccination. A self-controlled case series analysis was used to estimate incidence rate ratios in defined risk periods after pandemic vaccination.

RESULTS:

In Norway, the main period of the influenza A subtype H1N1 pandemic was from October 2009 to December 2009. On October 1, 2009, 1 154 113 children <18 years of age were registered as residents in Norway. Of these, 572 875 (50.7%) were vaccinated against pandemic influenza. From October 2009 through 2014 there were 3628 new cases of epilepsy (incidence rate 6.09 per 10 000 person-years). The risk of epilepsy was not increased after vaccination: hazard ratio: 1.07; 95% confidence interval: 0.94–1.23. Results from the self-controlled case series analysis supported the finding of no association between vaccination and subsequent epilepsy.

CONCLUSIONS:

Pandemic influenza vaccination was not associated with increased risk of epilepsy. Concerns about pandemic vaccination causing epilepsy in children seem to be unwarranted.
Validation of a gas chromatography-flame ionization method for quality control and spoilage detection in wine and cider
Authors: Mangas J.J. , Rodríguez R. , Suárez B.
Published: February 2018

A GC-FID method for major volatile analysis in cider and wine was validated under the requirements of the ISO/IEC 17025 regulation using a split mode injection. This method presented a good linearity (R2>0.999, Cm>99%), a wide range of calibration, the maximum random errors for repeatability and intermediate precision were 5% and 8%, respectively, and the maximum limit of quantification and limit of detection were 14.1 mg l–1 and 4.6 mg l–1, respectively. Trueness, expressed as recovery (%), was successfully validated by means of two different methods, standard addition (92–110%) and comparison against reference materials (93–115%). Expanded uncertainty estimated at 95% confidence level ranged between 11% for methanol and 7% for allyl alcohol. The validated method was successfully applied for the analysis of major volatiles in ciders and wines, and to detect yeast and lactic acid bacteria spoilage.
Textural properties of turkey sausage using pea fiber or potato starch as fat replacers
Authors: Varga-Visi É. , Toxanbayeva B. , Andrássyné Baka G. , Romvári R.
Published: February 2018

The fat content of Bologna-type turkey sausages was partially replaced with pea fiber or potato starch. Textural properties of full fat turkey sausage were mainly restored in sausages when fat was partially replaced with some levels of pea fiber (0.6, 1.2%) or potato starch (1.9%). Authors observed significant correlation (P<0.01) between instrumentally measured values of hardness and chewiness and sensory ratings of low fat sausages.
Anxious attachment and excessive acquisition: The mediating roles of anthropomorphism and distress intolerance
Authors: Norberg Melissa M. , Crone Cassandra , Kwok Cathy , Grisham Jessica R.
Published: February 2018

Background and aims

Most individuals with hoarding disorder (HD) are prone to excessively acquiring new possessions. Understanding the factors that contribute to this collecting behavior will allow us to develop better treatment approaches for HD. The aim of this study was to test our assumption that an anxious attachment style is associated with a tendency to anthropomorphize comforting objects and an inability to tolerate distress, which in turn leads to excessive acquisition.

Methods

A total of 361 participants with subclinical to clinical acquisition problems (77.8% female) completed a series of self-report measures.

Results

As expected, greater anxious attachment was related to greater distress intolerance and stronger tendencies to anthropomorphize inanimate objects. In turn, greater distress intolerance and anthropomorphism were related to more excessive buying and greater acquisition of free items. Examination of the pathways and indirect effects showed support for double mediation rather than serial mediation, as distress intolerance did not predict anthropomorphism.

Discussion and conclusion

These novel findings, if replicated, suggest that adding treatment modules that target improving distress tolerance and reducing anthropomorphism to standard treatment for HD may lead to further reductions in excessive acquiring.
Fungal Community Structure of Macroalga Ulva intestinalis Revealed by Miseq Sequencing
Authors: Agusman Agusman , Danqing Feng
Published: February 2018

Since algae are well known as the host of fungi, the information about total fungal community associated with alga is needed to give the initial data that is useful for natural product discovery. The study on total fungal community associated with marine macroalga U. intestinalis from Xiamen-China was carried out using MiSeq, a powerful platform for microbial ecology studies. Metagenomics DNA was isolated from surfaces of the U. intestinalis thallus and rocks colonized by this alga and  18S ribosomal RNA region was sequenced using MiSeq Illumina to yield 81360 sequences from 162720 reads, which average read length is 245.61 bp. The sequences were assigned to operational taxonomic units (OTUs), where 101 genera represent 5 phyla, 17 classes and 64 families of fungal. Ascomycota was the highest abundance share of fungal community at phylum level. Meanwhile Aspergillus, Blastobotrys, Alternaria, Knufia, and Fusarium were some of dominant genera found associated with U. intestinalis which have been reported as the promising source of natural products. By using MiSeq platform, this study revealed the total community structure of algicolous fungi associated with U. intestinalis.
IMPACTO DE LA APLICACIÓN DE UNA GUIA METODOLOGICA CIENTIFICA EN PROYECTOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN ESCOLARES EN LA REGIÓN DE ATACAMA, CHILE
Authors: Sepulveda Bernardo , Castro Jerován , Pavez Osvaldo
Published: February 2018

El aprendizaje de ciencias es, actualmente, un factor de desarrollo de los países. Proyectos estudiantiles de Copiapó (Atacama, Chile) presentados a concursos científicos nacionales, mostraron problemas de enfoque técnico y redacción inadecuada; posibles causas de aprobación de baja cantidad de proyectos. Además, no había una guía metodológica objetiva para que profesores y alumnos elaboraran proyectos. Se redactó una guía metodológica para transformar una idea común en idea de proyecto, herramienta de apoyo basada en un documento para alumnos de doctorado; orientada a estudiantes de colegio y con similar profundidad conceptual. En talleres en Atacama, a estudiantes y profesores se les aplicó la guía para estructurar la idea de investigación; asesorando la presentación y desarrollo de proyectos escolares, previo a cualquier formulario de proyectos. Correlacionado con lo anterior, se logró un premio como el Intel International Science and Engineering Fair en 2012 y 2013 y el aumento de participación exitosa en concursos. Se postula que la aplicación de esta guía permitió mejorar en calidad la presentación de proyectos y aumentar la aprobación.
The effect of slag composition and curing duration on the chloride ingress resistance of slag-blended cements
Authors: Ogirigbo Okiemute Roland , Black Leon
Published: February 2018

This paper reports the influence of varying curing durations on the chloride ingress resistance of slag blends. Samples were prepared by combining two slags (S1 and S2) with CEM I 52·5R cement at 30% by weight of slag. Mortar samples were cured for either 7 or 28 d, before being exposed to a 3% sodium chloride solution. Samples were subjected to two chloride exposure conditions (either complete submersion or a cyclic 6 h wetting and drying cycle). Depths of free chloride penetration as well as total and water-soluble chloride contents were measured for the exposed samples. Samples cured for 28 d before exposure showed far better resistance to chloride ingress than those cured for 7 d. The cement–slag blend with S1, having an alumina content of 12·23%, performed better than the blend with S2 (alumina content of 7·77%), especially for samples cured for 7 d. This was attributed to the higher basicity of S1. However, when the samples were cured for 28 d, the difference between the performances of the slag blends became minimal. Despite this, the overall performance of the slag blends, which was compared against a CEM I 42·5R-type cement, was found to be better at both curing durations.
Spectrophotometric assay for measuring polyol dehydrogenase activity v1
Authors: Lobo-da-Cunha Alexandre , Costa Vítor
Published: February 2018

Polyol dehydrogenases are enzymes that convert polyalcohols into sugars, using NAD+ as hydrogen acceptor. Sorbitol, mannitol or other polyalcohols can be used as substrates, and the activity of these enzymes is assessed by monitoring the production of NADH. This protocol was based on previously published methods (Maret and Auld, 1988; Fernández et al., 1993), and was used to evaluate polyol dehydrogenase activities in the digestive gland of gastropods. With the proper adaptations this procedure can be applied to other dehydrogenases and other organisms.
THE GEOGRAPHY FACULTY CELEBRATES ITS 85 ANNIVERSARY!
Authors: Oliynyk Ya.
Published: February 2018

The main objectives of the Geography Faculty of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv development have been highlighted. The history of the Faculty foundation, the contribution of the major scientists and staff in its development, the importance of scientific research has been maintained. The article reveals the history of the foundation of the Geography Faculty departments, determines the role and place of the faculty in the modern scientific and educational process.
Knowledge transfer: an overview of the models and technologies
Authors: Nosulenko V.N. , Terekhin V.A.
Published: February 2018

The article analyzes the models and technologies of knowledge transfer, developed in the research of organizational processes at the enterprise. The practical necessity in the methods, allowing to reveal those components of knowledge, which determine the specificity and know-how of the enterprise, is shown. Proposed tools developed under the paradigm of perceived quality. Its application is aimed at identifying and transferring the knowledge of a specialist that determines his individual experience of performing specific practical activities. The process of identifying and transferring experience is interpreted as the “designing” of its perceived quality. The result of the designing is a technological tool that allows the reproduction and presentation of the most important components of the experience so as to form the corresponding perceived quality in other subject
Determination of the concentration of circulating immune complexes, immunoglobulin E and G and histamine in the blood and lymph in experimental anaphylactic shock and Arthus phenomenon
Authors: Alieva T R
Published: February 2018

Цель. Изучение изменения содержания концентрации циркулирующих иммунных комплексов, уровней иммуноглобулинов E и G и гистамина в крови и лимфе при экспериментальном анафилактическом шоке и феномене Артюса.

Методы. Эксперименты проведены на 27 кроликах породы шиншилла в двух сериях. Контролем служили исследуемые показатели концентраций циркулирующих иммунных комплексов, гистамина и иммуноглобулинов E и G в крови и лимфе интактных животных.

Результаты. Уровень гистамина при анафилактическом шоке повышается в 3,8 раза, тогда как уровень иммуноглобулинов E и G повышается соответственно в 14,7 и 3,5 раза в сравнении с интактными животными, а концентрация циркулирующих иммунных комплексов возрастает до 23 ммол/л за этот период. В условиях феномена Артюса уровень иммуноглобулина E в крови повышается в 1,3 раза, а иммуноглобулина G - в 4,3 раза. Концентрация циркулирующих иммунных комплексов возрастает в 11,8 раза, уровень гистамина повышается только в 3,5 раза в сравнении с интактными животными.

Вывод. Концентрация циркулирующих иммунных комплексов повышается как при анафилактическом шоке, так и при феномене Артюса; уровни иммуноглобулинов изменяются по-разному: при анафилактическом шоке происходит увеличение уровня иммуноглобулина E и снижение иммуноглобулина G, а при феномене Артюса, наоборот, повышение уровня иммуноглобулина G и снижение иммуноглобулина E; уровень гистамина увеличивается как при анафилактическом шоке, так и при феномене Артюса, однако при анафилактическом шоке - более значимо; в повышении концентрации гистамина в обеих аллергических реакциях роль циркулирующих иммунных комплексов не исключена, но основная роль, по-видимому, принадлежит иммуноглобулину E.
The efficacy of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (20mg/ml) in the treatment of keloid
Authors: Garg Adit M. , Shah Yogesh M. , Garg Alok , Zaidi Shazia , Saxena Kshitij , Gupta Khushboo , G. Ramya B.
Published: February 2018

Background: Management of keloid is difficult as well as challenging. Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) injections have remained a gold standard in non-surgical management of keloid. TAC is generally used in the concentration of 40mg/ml, which causes adverse effects such as local dermal atrophy and hypopigmentation. Aim was to study efficacy and adverse effects of TAC in treatment of keloid, in a lesser concentration of 20mg/ml.Methods: An open label study was conducted from November 2015 to May 2017 on 25 subjects of either gender, in the age group 11-55 years, at a medical college hospital. Intralesional injection TAC 20 was administered in the keloid at an interval of 3 weeks, for a total of 6 sessions, over a period of 18 weeks. Vancouver scar scale (VSS) was used to assess the improvement and SPSS 21 for statistical analysis.Results: Mean age of keloid subjects was 30.72 years and median duration of keloid was 8 months. The mean VSS score before treatment was 8.36 which reduced to 3.20 after treatment. Mean percentage change in VSS score was 62.79%, which was very highly significant (p <0.001). Physician’s assessment was ‘Very Good’ in 52.0% and ‘Excellent’ in 5 (20%). Adverse effect of atrophy was seen in 3 (12%), hypopigmentation in 11 (44%) and telangiectasia in 4 (16%).Conclusions: Intralesional injection triamcinolone acetonide 20mg/ml gives very good to excellent improvement in the majority of patients of keloid. Local adverse effects seen were hypopigmentation, atrophy and telengiectasia.
A prospective study of sexual dysfunction in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: P. Leelakrishna , J. Saravanan
Published: February 2018

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)/ lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) patients have been found to be more prevalence of sexual dysfunction than in men with no BPH/LUTS. In this study, the authors aimed to evaluate the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in the BPH patient to see the correlation between BPH and sexual dysfunction.Methods: All patients who attended Urology outpatient department or admitted in Government Kilpauk Medical College and Hospital and Government Royapettah hospital during October 2013 to October 2014 for symptoms of BPH were enrolled for the study.Results: The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in patients with LUTS is70%. The severity of sexual dysfunction correlates with severity of LUTS. Ejaculatory function deteriorates after treatment of LUTS/BPH.Conclusions: Though the sample size is small and the follow up is limited, it can be suggested that treatment of sexual function should be combined with management of sexual dysfunction for better patient satisfaction.
Uso de plantas medicinais por usuários da atenção básica de saúde no município de Tavares-PB
Authors: Silva Dayana Leite da , Silva Zenaide Gomes da , Brito Lucila Karla Felix Lima de
Published: February 2018

This study focused on the use of herbal medicine in the municipality of Tavares (PB). The objective was to verify the use of phytotherapeutic treatment by users of basic health care in the municipality of Tavares (PB) and in compliance with recommendations of the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia. The work had the Basic Health Units – UBSs as locus. 100 semistructured interviews were conducted among users of the Basic Health Units between October and December 2016. Data were submitted to a non-parametric statistical analysis, at a significance level of 95%. As a result, 49% stated that they had chronic diseases, and arterial hypertension (44.07%) was the most cited one. The majority (62.50%) did not define medicinal plants and / or herbal medicines, but the majority (86%) responded to make use of them. Those who claimed to use medicinal plants cited 71 names and, in average, each respondent cited 4.49 (± 2.94). The most cited name was “cidreira” (13.83%). 42.71% reported having known the use of herbal medicines by mothers. There was no significant difference in the use of medicinal plants as a function of the municipal area (χ2 = 0,442, p = 0,506), of sex χ2 = 0,169; P = 0.506) and the health condition (χ2 = 2.719, p = 0.099). Regarding the number of names of plants with herbal properties mentioned, there was no significant difference as a function of the municipal area (U = 679.5, p = 0.2). However, there was a significant difference in relation to sex (U = 786.0, p = 0.033) and health status (U = 939.5, p = 0.031). Furthermore, a positive correlation (rss = 0.308; p = 0.002) was obtained between age and number of plant names cited. It is concluded that the users of basic health care in the municipality of Tavares (PB) use medicinal plants and the knowledge of their properties has a maternal origin. Female, older and self-reported chronic patients tended to cite a greater number of names of medicinal plants. More therapeutic actions of the mentioned medicinal plants were mentioned than the recommendations.