bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Limbah Sayuran dan Buah-buahan Sebagai Bahan Pupuk Organik Cair di Desa Pangkalan Batang Melalui Program KUKERTA Universitas Riau
Authors: Bunari Bunari , Sari Ratih Purnama , Putri Dita Asrilla , Oktafiani Dini , Puspita Dwi , Triananda Widya , Putri Pika Desmayu , Istiqomah Istiqomah , Wildana Ardha , Reihan Muhammad , Aziz Muhammad
Published: November 2022

This service program aims to help the Pangkalan Batang Village community, the Women Farmers Group (KWT), and Dasa Wisma hamlet manufacture by creating and using an organic liquid fertilizer that can be used on plants. Pangkalan Batang Village has excellent potential in farming; the surrounding community has sufficient land to be used as agricultural land. This program demonstrated that partners understood how to make and apply liquid organic fertilizer. This service program had succeeded in increasing knowledge for the community, the Women Farmers Group (KWT), and Dasa Wisma in creating and applying the liquid organic fertilizer. Some also continue to make organic fertilizers that will be used in plants without using chemical-based organic fertilizers.
Pendampingan Kelompok Tani Pade Angen dalam Memanfaatkan Tanaman Pekarangan Menjadi Olahan Produk di Desa Peresak Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors: Swandayani Rosalina Edy , Sulastri Meilinda Pahriana , Cahayani Mimi
Published: November 2022

The study aims to educate the community to optimize the yard and turn the results of the yard plants into marketable products. The methods of implementing this service were assistance and training in making processed yard products in the form of packaged herbal drink products. The service partners were members of the Pade Angen Farmers Group. Evaluation of activities was carried out by giving participants pre-test and post-test to measure service activities' success. The result showed that using yardland could increase public understanding to optimize yardland and produce processed products marketed as packaged herbal drink products to help increase people's income and welfare during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Перспективные направления научно-технической деятельности МЧС России в области информационных технологий
Authors: Бурлаченко Ксения Григорьевна , Ефимов Андрей Александрович , Кадиев Шамиль Кудрудинович , Костенко Олеся Николаевна , Николаенко Елизавета Владимировна , Сафронов Николай Алексеевич , Степанов Егор Владимирович , Чубуков Михаил Андреевич
Published: November 2022

Цель. Обзор и анализ основных результатов научно-технической деятельности сотрудников кафедры информационных технологий (в составе учебно-научного комплекса автоматизированных систем и информационных технологий) Академии Государственной противопожарной службы МЧС России.
Методы. Общая методология работы предусматривает использование теоретических методов исследования (обзор, описание, анализ).
Результаты. В работе проведен анализ основных результатов научно-технической деятельности МЧС России в области информационных технологий на примере достижений кафедры информационных технологий (в составе учебно-научного комплекса) автоматизированных систем и информационных технологий Академии Государственной противопожарной службы МЧС России. Описаны перспективные направления научно-технической деятельности МЧС России в области информационных технологий.
Область применения исследований. Результаты обзора и анализа достижений научно-технической деятельности МЧС России в области информационных технологий могут послужить базой для совершенствования и повышения эффективности деятельности, а также определения перспективных направлений развития информационных технологий для сопровождения всех профессиональных направлений деятельности в области пожарной безопасности и чрезвычайных ситуаций.
Spor Ortamında Mobbing Davranışlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Arslan İlknur , Kandaz Gelen Nuran , Çiftçi Sevda , Öntürk Yavuz
Published: November 2022

Bu çalışma spor ortamında mobbing davranışlarının ve kaynaklarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı çalışma olgu bilimi deseni kullanılarak desenlenmiştir. Araştırmaya 18 yaş üstü mobbinge maruz kalan 10 sporcu katılmıştır. Araştırma verileri görüşme yöntemi kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Veri analizinde tümevarım analiz yöntemi kullanılarak çözümleme yapılmıştır. Çalışmada mobbing kaynakları, mobbing davranışları, mobbing etkisi ve mobbing önlemleri ana temalarına ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçları göstermektedir ki ister bireysel spor olsun isterse takım sporu, sporcuların maruz kaldıkları davranışlar ve etkileri benzer seyretmektedir. Hırs, rekabet, kıskançlık, özgüven eksikliği, stres gibi nedenlerden kaynaklanan mobbingin tehdit, alay etme, küçümseme, görmezden gelme, ırkçılık, küfür, şiddet ve sosyal ortamdan dışlama gibi şekillerde davranışa dönüştüğün söylenebilir. Sporda mobbing davranışlarının etkisine dair de yine psikolojik ve örgütsel etkiler göze çarpan bir diğer unsur olmuştur. Tüm ortamlarda olduğu gibi spor ortamında da mobbing davranışlarının önlenmesine dair olarak eğitim, hukuksal yaptırımlar ve bilinçlenmenin etkili olacağı söylenebilir.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN AFIKS PADA BERITA BABE.COM PRIODE JANUARI-APRIl 2020
Authors: Meita Ardya M.Rais Almajid, Witriana,
Published: November 2022

Abstract

This study aims to describe the writing errors that are in the media Babe.com, especially the affixation section and then can be corrected in the future. This study is categorized as a qualitative study using descriptive methods by analyzing error data and then presented in the form of describing data analysis. The data collection technique was conducted in the study of literature and documentation by photographing, listening, and taking notes. Content analysis technique is used to describe errors in depth. The analysis found three types of affixation errors, the first prefix there were 12 errors. Both suffixes have 7 errors. Third Confix, there are 19 errors.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk dapat mendiskripsikan kesalahan tulisan yang berada pada media Babe.com khususnya bagian afiksasi untuk kemudian dapat diperbaiki kedepanya. Penelitian ini dikategirkan sebagai penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan Metode deskriptif dengan cara menganalis data kesalahan kemudian disajikan dalam bentuk memaparkan analisis data. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan stdudi pustaka dan dokumentasi dengan cara memotret, simak, dan mencatat. Teknik analisis isi digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan kesalahan secara mendalam. Hasil analisis ditemukan tiga jenis kesalahan afiksasi yang pertama prefiks terdapat 12 kesalahan. Kedua sufiks terdapat 7 kesalahan. Ketiga Konfiks terdapat 19 kesalahan.

Kata Kunci: Bahasa, Kesalahan afiksasi
The Influence of Flexural Reinforcement Yielding on the Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams with and without Shear Reinforcement
Authors: Monserrat López Andrea , Miguel Sosa Pedro
Published: November 2022

Statically indeterminate structures such as continuous beams allow redistribution of internal forces. For increasing loads after yielding of the flexural reinforcement, shear forces may increase, making it possible to reach shear failures after the full flexural capacity of the structure is developed.

An extensive experimental programme consisting of 30 shear tests (15 cantilever tests and 15 continuous beam tests) was carried out to assess the shear strength of reinforced concrete beams with and without shear reinforcement. Some of the tests were designed to fail in shear after yielding of the flexural reinforcement. The main objective of this experimental study was analysing the influence of large flexural strains on shear strength.

The tests were instrumented by means of surface measurements using Digital Image Correlation (DIC). These measurements allowed controlling the evolution of strains at concrete surface to obtain the rotation of the plastic hinges and tracking the development and kinematics of the critical shear crack to obtain, by accounting for suitable constitutive models, the contribution of the various shear-transfer actions.

The analysis of the test results confirmed the reduction of shear strength provided by concrete with increasing flexural rotation both in tests with and without shear reinforcement. Moreover, this shear strength component weakened for increasing shear reinforcement ratios. The test results were compared with the shear strength values predicted by different design codes, showing that these formulations did not properly capture the loss of shear strength caused by plastic deformation. The proposed simplified method to calculate the shear strength of the plastic hinges accounting for the plastic rotation demand shows consistent agreement for the experimental results.
Time-Variation of Shear Forces Affecting the Impact Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Beams
Authors: Ulzurrun Gonzalo S.D. , Zanuy Sánchez Carlos
Published: November 2022

One of the most hazardous scenarios for reinforced concrete (RC) members is due to the actuation of impact loads. Such impacts may be either accidental or induced events. Experimental research has demonstrated that the failure mode of RC beams is strongly governed by shear, due either to the formation of a shear plug close to the impact point or to the full development of inclined shear-bending cracks along the shear span. In order to analyze the shear strength under impact conditions, it is essential to understand how the development of inertia forces leads to a time-dependent distribution of shear forces and bending moments which differs significantly to those produced by quasi-static loads. In the paper, an experimentally-based determination of shear forces and follow-up of crack pattern is presented for RC beams tested under impact loads. A Digital Image Correlation technique supported by a high-speed camera is used to understand the evolution of shear forces at critical sections and to discuss the ultimate shear strength provided by M-V interaction diagrams.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi PUS Memilih KB Alamiah di Desa Binturu, Kecamatan Larompong
Authors: Hadija Hadija , Ibriani Jumriana , Suardi Astuti , Pratiwy D Ulvy , Tandiallo Devianti
Published: November 2022

Natural Contraception (KBA) is to regulate the distance of birth of children, regulate inspiration by not using tools, chemicals or drugs. The percentage of kb participants in Indonesia in 2016 was 33.72%, this figure is lower than the achievement in 2015 of 38.75%. In 2016 in South Sulawesi with a proportion of 71.71% were Couples of Childbearing Age who participated in birth control. Based on the participants of birth control the contraceptives used were Injectable (47.39%), Pills (22.90%) Implant (8.84%), MOW (1.04%), IUD ( 3.21%) Condoms (13.45%) and simple methods (0.28%). This study is to find out what factors affect PUS choosing natural birth control in Binturu Village, Larompong District in 2021.This study uses a quantitative approach with an observational type of research, with a sample of 35 people (Total Sampling)., analysis of univariate and bivariate data using the Chi-Square Test. The results showed that the factors related to the selection of contraceptive methods were Education ρ = 0.292 (ρ>0.05), Knowledge ρ = 0.075 (ρ>0.05), and husband support ρ = 0.267 (ρ<0.05). The results of this study education and knowledge have no relationship with the selection of natural birth control contraceptive methods, and husband support has no relationship with the selection of natural birth control contraceptive methods, it is expected for couples of childbearing age Need increased knowledge about the types of contraceptives, benefits of contraception, side effects of using contraceptives and the consequences of not using contraceptives
“In medio stat virtus”: Insights into hybrid E/M phenotype attitudes
Authors: Canciello Angelo , Cerveró-Varona Adrián , Peserico Alessia , Mauro Annunziata , Russo Valentina , Morrione Andrea , Giordano Antonio , Barboni Barbara
Published: November 2022

Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) refers to the ability of cells to dynamically interconvert between epithelial (E) and mesenchymal (M) phenotypes, thus generating an array of hybrid E/M intermediates with mixed E and M features. Recent findings have demonstrated how these hybrid E/M rather than fully M cells play key roles in most of physiological and pathological processes involving EMT. To this regard, the onset of hybrid E/M state coincides with the highest stemness gene expression and is involved in differentiation of either normal and cancer stem cells. Moreover, hybrid E/M cells are responsible for wound healing and create a favorable immunosuppressive environment for tissue regeneration. Nevertheless, hybrid state is responsible of metastatic process and of the increasing of survival, apoptosis and therapy resistance in cancer cells. The present review aims to describe the main features and the emerging concepts regulating EMP and the formation of E/M hybrid intermediates by describing differences and similarities between cancer and normal hybrid stem cells. In particular, the comprehension of hybrid E/M cells biology will surely advance our understanding of their features and how they could be exploited to improve tissue regeneration and repair.
Long-term efficacy and safety of sirolimus for retinal astrocytic hamartoma associated with tuberous sclerosis complex
Authors: Zhang Chen-Xi , Xu Kai-Feng , Long Qin , Zhang Xiao , Yang Zhi-Kun , Dai Rong-Ping , Zhang Zhi-Qiao
Published: November 2022

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors (sirolimus or everolimus) have been demonstrated effective in reducing the size of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)-associated retinal astrocytic hamartoma (RAH) in short term. To investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of sirolimus on TSC-associated RAH, 13 TSC-associated RAH patients (59 RAH lesions) who received sirolimus therapy for at least 2 years were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Changes in the maximal thickness (MT) of RAH on optical coherence tomography and the longest base diameter (LBD) of RAH on color fundus photography were assessed. The results showed that for a mean follow-up of 39 months, sirolimus was associated with a mean reduction of 14.6% in MT and 6.8% in LBD of RAHs. The main impacts of sirolimus occurred within the first 6–12 months, with 14.8% reduction in MT and 4.7% reduction in LBD. Mouth ulceration (10 [76.9%]) and acne (9 [69.2%]) were the most common adverse events. These follow-up data support the long-term use of sirolimus in TSC-associated RAH patients, and persistent use of sirolimus possibly prevents tumor regrowth.
Feature-based statistical process monitoring for pressure swing adsorption processes
Authors: Lee Jangwon , Kumar Ankur , Flores-Cerrillo Jesus , Wang Jin , He Q. Peter
Published: November 2022

Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) is a widely used technology to separate a gas product from impurities in a variety of fields. Due to the complexity of PSA operations, process and instrument faults can occur at different parts and/or steps of the process. Thus, effective process monitoring is critical for ensuring efficient and safe operations of PSA systems. However, multi-bed PSA processes present several major challenges to process monitoring. First, a PSA process is operated in a periodic or cyclic fashion and never reaches a steady state; Second, the duration of different operation cycles is dynamically controlled in response to various disturbances, which results in a wide range of normal operation trajectories. Third, there is limited data for process monitoring, and bed pressure is usually the only measured variable for process monitoring. These key characteristics of the PSA operation make process monitoring, especially early fault detection, significantly more challenging than that for a continuous process operated at a steady state. To address these challenges, we propose a feature-based statistical process monitoring (SPM) framework for PSA processes, namely feature space monitoring (FSM). Through feature engineering and feature selection, we show that FSM can naturally handle the key challenges in PSA process monitoring and achieve early detection of subtle faults from a wide range of normal operating conditions. The performance of FSM is compared to the conventional SPM methods using both simulated and real faults from an industrial PSA process. The results demonstrate FSM’s superior performance in fault detection and fault diagnosis compared to the traditional SPM methods. In particular, the robust monitoring performance from FSM is achieved without any data preprocessing, trajectory alignment or synchronization required by the conventional SPM methods.
Global geological occurrence and character of the carcinogenic zeolite mineral, erionite: A review
Authors: Patel Janki Prakash , Brook Martin S. , Kah Melanie , Hamilton Ayrton
Published: November 2022

As with the six regulated asbestos minerals (chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, anthophyllite, tremolite, and actinolite), the zeolite mineral, erionite, can exhibit a fibrous morphology. When fibrous erionite is aerosolized and inhaled, it has been linked to cases of lung cancers, such as malignant mesothelioma. Importantly, fibrous erionite appears to be more carcinogenic than the six regulated asbestos minerals. The first health issues regarding erionite exposure were reported in Cappadocia (Turkey), and more recently, occupational exposure issues have emerged in the United States. Erionite is now classified as a Group 1 carcinogen. Thus, identifying the geological occurrence of erionite is a prudent step in determining possible exposure pathways, but a global review of the geological occurrence of erionite is currently lacking. Here, we provide a review of the >100 global locations where erionite has been reported, including: 1) geological setting of host rocks; 2) paragenetic sequence of erionite formation, including associated zeolite minerals; 3) fiber morphological properties and erionite mineral series (i.e., Ca, K, Na); and 4) a brief overview of the techniques that have been used to identify and characterize erionite. Accordingly, erionite has been found to commonly occur within two major rock types: felsic and mafic. Within felsic rocks (in particular, tuffaceous layers within lacustrine paleoenvironments), erionite is disseminated through the layer as a cementing matrix. In contrast, within mafic (i.e., basaltic) rocks, erionite is typically found within vesicles. Nevertheless, aside from detailed studies in Italy and the United States, there is a paucity of specific information on erionite geological provenance or fiber morphology. The latter issue is a significant drawback given its impact on erionite toxicity. Future erionite studies should aim to provide more detailed information, including variables such as rock type and lithological properties, quantitative geochemistry, and fiber morphology.
Human occupational intensity and palaeoecology at Klasies River from MIS 5–3: Preliminary taphonomic analyses of faunal remains from the Deacon and Wurz excavations
Authors: Reynard Jerome P.
Published: November 2022

Klasies River is a key site in understanding the behaviour of coastal foragers in the southern Cape of South Africa. Faunal remains from Klasies River, recovered from an almost 70,000 year sequence over the Late Pleistocene, are a valuable dataset in investigating subsistence and occupational dynamics, yet few taphonomic studies have been conducted on the fauna from Klasies River. Here, the first taphonomic analyses of faunal remains from the Deacon and Wurz excavation is presented. The aim of this paper is to link occupational patterns during the Late Pleistocene at Klasies River with coastal ecology using taxonomic data from previous studies, and recently analysed taphonomic data. Taphonomic analyses of samples from the MSA II Lower, the Howiesons Poort and the MSA III periods were used to examine occupational intensity based on proportions of anthropogenic and zoogenic bone surface modification, trampling marks, transverse fractures and faunal density. Declining foraging efficiency or subsistence intensification was also investigated using indicators for expanded diet breadth (e.g., small fauna exploitation and increases in juveniles), more intensive marrow extraction and evidence for greater foraging distances. Herbivore functional types and dietary preferences were examined using taxonomic data and these show three main ecological phases at Klasies River: the MSA I; the upper and lower MSA II; and the HP and MSA III phases. Taphonomic data show increased occupational intensity in the MSA II Lower, with subsistence intensification also more evident here than other layers. Trampling data suggests that occupational intensity was greater in the earlier Howiesons Poort than later phase with little evidence of declining foraging efficiency then. The data indicate that, while humans contributed significantly to the MSA III assemblage, carnivores were the main accumulators here suggesting lower occupational intensity in this phase. The results of this study shows a possible link between increased occupational intensity and declining foraging efficiency at Klasies River but larger taphonomic samples are needed to explore this relationship further.
Endocrine system involvement in patients with RASopathies: A case series
Authors: Siano M. A. , Pivonello R. , Salerno M. , Falco M. , Mauro C. , De Brasi D. , Klain A. , Sestito S. , De Luca A. , Pinna V. , Simeoli C. , Concolino D. , Mainolfi Ciro Gabriele , Mannarino T. , Strisciuglio P. , Tartaglia M. , Melis D.
Published: November 2022

Background and Objectives

Endocrine complications have been described in patients affected by RASopathies but no systematic assessment has been reported. In this study, we investigate the prevalence of endocrine disorders in a consecutive unselected cohort of patients with RASopathies.

Study Design

72 patients with a genetically confirmed RASopathy (Noonan syndrome [NS], N=53; 29 LEOPARD syndrome [LS], N=2; cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome [CFCS], N=14; subjects showing co-occurring pathogenic variants in PTPN11 and NF1, N=3) and an age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included in the study. Endocrine system involvement was investigated by assessing the thyroid function, pubertal development, auxological parameters, adrenal function and bone metabolism.

Results

Short stature was detected in 40% and 64% of the NS and CFCS subcohorts, respectively. Patients showed lower Z-scores at DXA than controls (p<0.05) when considering the entire case load and both NS and CFCS groups. Vitamin D and Calcitonin levels were significantly lower (p< 0.01), Parathormone levels significantly higher (p<0.05) in patients compared to the control group (p<0.05). Patients with lower BMD showed reduced physical activity and joint pain. Finally, anti-TPO antibody levels were significantly higher in patients than in controls when considering the entire case load and both NS and CFCS groups.

Conclusions

The collected data demonstrate a high prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity, confirming an increased risk to develop autoimmune disorders both in NS and CFCS. Reduced BMD, probably associated to reduced physical activity and inflammatory cytokines, also occurs. These findings are expected to have implications for the follow-up and prevention of osteopenia/osteoporosis in both NS and CFCS.
Clinical diagnostic value of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for primary aldosteronism in patients with hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hua Kai-Fang , Wu Yan-Hui , Zhang Shi-Ting
Published: November 2022

Background

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is currently considered the most common cause of secondary and endocrine hypertension. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) as a new detection technique has been gradually applied in the diagnosis of PA. However, the diagnostic value of LC-MS/MS methods for PA has not been systematically clinically validated. The aim was to access the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of LC-MS/MS methods as screening tools in PA.

Materials and methods

A literature search of PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and Chinese databases was carried out to June 2022 with no language restriction. Data on sensitivity and specificity and other evaluation indicators were extracted and pooled with STATA and Meta-disc software. Heterogeneity was evaluated and meta-regression and subgroup analysis was performed to elucidate sources of heterogeneity.

Results

12 studies of the diagnostic test were suitable and included in the meta-analysis. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83-0.93), 0.87 (95% CI: 0.82-0.91), and 55 (95% CI: 28-110), respectively. Subgroup analysis assessed the diagnostic power of LC-MS/MS based on the type of detection index. ARR and PAC based on LC-MS/MS methods have the higher diagnostic value compared with other indices, diagnostic odds ratios were 121.65 (95% CI: 36.28-407.98) and 49.85 (95% CI: 24.87-99.93). There was considerable heterogeneity among studies.

Conclusion

LC-MS/MS methods had higher accuracy and reliability in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. LC-MS/MS-based ARR and PAC can be further promoted and applied in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism.
Pseudocapsule and pseudocapsule-based extracapsular resection in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Wang Xiao Bin , Han Tian Yi , Ma Jian Gong , He Cheng , Xue Li , Zhang Xun , Wu Zhe Bao
Published: November 2022

Since Costello et al. proposed the concept of pseudocapsule of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) in 1936, many studies have been published on its occurrence, development process, histopathology, and morphology. Pseudocapsule has been proposed as the anatomical interface between PitNETs and normal pituitary gland, therefore the so-called pseudocapsule-based extracapsular resection (ER) technique was developed as an extracapsular surgery method for PitNETs,which differs from the conventional intracapsular resection (IR). In recent years, ER has also been widely used in patients of different tumor types, sizes, and age groups, because the pseudocapsule can be identified more clearly under the endoscopy. Endoscopic transsphenoidal resection for PitNETs has become the preferred surgical method. We reviewed relevant literatures in the past 10 years, showing that ER could achieve better rate of gross total resection (GTR) and biochemical remission, and reduce tumor recurrence than IR, without increasing postoperative complications. Therefore, the pseudocapsule and ER should be valued by neurosurgeons and actively promoted clinically.
Adaptive finite-time fan-coil outlet wind temperature control for the ASHPAC system
Authors: Chen Xiaofei , Li Chao , Yang Qinmin
Published: November 2022

In this paper, an adaptive finite-time fan-coil outlet wind temperature control scheme is proposed for the air-source heat pump air-conditioning system. First, a correction module is introduced to compensate the first-order damp elements in the temperature sensor to capture the temperature in real-time. Then, a simple neural network is employed to approximate the unknown and nonlinear functions of the system. On this basis, an adaptive finite-time neural controller is developed, and the finite-time convergence of temperature regulation error is ensured. The stability of the studied fan-coil control is guaranteed by rigorous Lyapunov proof. Finally, two simulation examples are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Future changes of tropical cyclone activity over the west Pacific under the 1.5°C and 2°C limited warming scenarios using a detecting and tracking algorithm
Authors: Deng Hao , Ji Zhenming , Zhu Xian , Dong Wenjie
Published: November 2022

This study evaluates changes to the number, intensity and path of tropical cyclones (TC) in the 21st century under the 1.5°C “never-exceed” (NE), 1.5°C overshoot (OS), and 2.0°C “never-exceed” (NE) limited warming scenarios, compared to the historical experiments of the Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble Project (CESM-LE). The large amount of data generated by the model makes it impossible to manually extract TC activity. A tracking algorithm was developed to detect and track TC activity. The results show that the algorithm has good stability and high accuracy, and it is suitable for grid data with spatial resolutions finer than 2.0° × 2.0°. The analysis shows that changes of sea surface temperature and wind shear are responsible for the increment in the TC mean intensity under warmer scenarios. Under the 1.5°C OS scenario, the annual mean number of TCs and mean TC energy increase the most. The power dissipation index (PDI) of TCs under three scenarios were projected significantly increased. Under the 1.5degNE and 2.0degNE scenarios, more TCs move to the northeast part of China over time. Under the 1.5degOS scenario, more TCs will land in Southeast China in the end of this century. The coastal areas of northern China may gradually become another area of dense TC landing.
Quantitative suitability evaluation and spatial zoning for seawater desalination water intake site selection
Authors: Huang Pei , Sun Yonggen , Gu Donggi , Yan Wenwen , Chen Yong , Wang Enkang
Published: November 2022

Seawater desalination water intake site selection has an important impact on the investment, water production cost, stable operation, and safety of seawater desalination plants. Site selection is affected by many factors, such as the natural geography, ecological environment, and social economy of coastal zones; some constraints can be directly identified as unsuitable areas for these construction projects. For the shallow water intake method of seawater desalination, this study selects suitability evaluation indicators for seawater desalination water intake site selection from the three influencing factors of basic geography, water environment, and industrial development and constructs a suitability evaluation model based on the multifactor spatial overlay analysis of the Geographic Information System platform. This model carries out a quantitative suitability evaluation of the seawater desalination water intake site selection and realizes the suitable spatial zoning for spatially selecting the water intake, thus forming a scientific, quantitative, and spatial suitability evaluation system for this process. The evaluation method was applied in the Rongcheng city offshore area of China and analyzed. The evaluation results showed that the suitable areas for seawater desalination water intake site selection comprised 304.8 square kilometers, which were mainly distributed in the offshore areas in northern Rongcheng city and near the coastline areas of its central and southern regions. The unsuitable areas covered 292.4 square kilometers, mainly distributed in the marine ecological red line areas and the coastal aquaculture areas of Rongcheng city. The evaluation results met the site selection needs of the seawater desalination water intake project in Rongcheng city. This study improves upon the existing method of seawater desalination intake site selection at the theoretical and technical levels and provides a scientific basis for the location selection and planning for water intake in large spatial ranges of coastal waters.
Assessing the impact of off-farm employment on land efficiency in different patterns: Field evidence from post-reform China
Authors: Zhao Sudan , Pei Siyi , Jiang Yongmu , Wu Xianqiang
Published: November 2022

The three rights separation reform (TRSR) has laid a concrete foundation institutionally to guide the well-ordered transfer of farmland and promoting the development of urbanization. With the new economics of labour migration (hereinafter referred to as the NELM) theory as the analytic basis, this empirical research investigates the potential ramifications of off-farm employment on land efficiency with household-based survey data from four provinces in China after TRSR. Unlike existing studies, we delve into how the effects are manifested differently among the types of off-farm employment by adopting an ordinary least squares (OLS) model and a two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimator. It provides evidence that migration positively affect land efficiency significantly, whereas a negative impact of local off-farm employment on land efficiency is observed, which distinct this study from previous findings. From the perspective of policy-making, land administrators should realize that off-farm employment differentiation is an important factor affecting land efficiency, and therefore needs to be fully considered in policy-making. Meanwhile, the establishment of local labor markets and favorable policies that stimulate productive technologies are needed.
Coupling coordination and spatial-temporal characteristics of resource and environmental carrying capacity and high-quality development
Authors: Li Zhi , Chen Ying , Zhang Liuyue , Wang Wenju , Wu Jie
Published: November 2022

The high-quality development of society needs the support of resource and environmental carrying capacity, and the improvement of resource and environmental carrying capacity is driven by the process of high-quality development. Therefore, how to realize the dynamic coordination of the two is an urgent problem to be solved. Different from previous studies which mainly focused on economic development and the environment, this paper considers all aspects of society and analyzes the interactive relationship between high-quality development and resource and environmental carrying capacity for the first time. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2020, a comprehensive evaluation index system is constructed, and the information entropy method, coupling coordination degree, and kernel density estimation model are applied to explore the coupling coordination relationship and spatial-temporal characteristics between resource and environmental carrying capacity and high-quality development. The results show that there are four nonlinear relationships between the resource and environmental carrying capacity and high-quality development, including simultaneous increase, first increase and then decrease, first decrease and then increase, and alternating fluctuation; Water resources per capita and the green coverage rate of the built-up area contributed the most to the resource and environmental carrying capacity subsystem, and GDP per capita and urbanization rate contributed the most to the high-quality development subsystem. From the time series, the coupling relationship between the two shows an upward trend over time. From the spatial series, the coupling relationship between the two is in a state of spatial aggregation. This paper discusses the results and puts forward policy recommendations, hoping to provide a reference for the coordinated development of the region. Moreover, this study provides a new perspective for the scientific construction of the relationship between resource and environmental carrying capacity and high-quality development on a global level.
Rapid identification of CMV-specific TCRs via reverse TCR cloning system based on bulk TCR repertoire data
Authors: Hong Cheol-Hwa , Pyo Hong-Seon , Baek In-Cheol , Kim Tai-Gyu
Published: November 2022

Advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) have improved the resolution of T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire analysis, and recent single-cell sequencing has made it possible to obtain information about TCR pairs. In our previous study, cytomegalovirus (CMV) pp65-specific T-cell response restricted by a single human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I allotype was observed in an individual. Therefore, to effectively clone an antigen-specific TCR from these T cells, we developed a TCR cloning system that does not require a single cell level. First, we established the improved Jurkat reporter cell line, which was TCRαβ double knock-out and expressed CD8αβ molecules. Furthermore, functional TCRs were directly obtained by reverse TCR cloning using unique CDR3-specific PCR primers after bulk TCR sequencing of activation marker-positive CD8 T cells by NGS. A total of 15 TCRα and 14 TCRβ strands were successfully amplified by PCR from cDNA of 4-1BB-positive CD8 T cells restricted by HLA-A*02:01, HLA-A*02:06, HLA-B*07:02, and HLA-B*40:06. The panels with combinations of TCRα and TCRβ genes were investigated using Jurkat reporter cell line and artificial antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In two TCR pairs restricted by HLA-A*02:01, one TCR pair by HLA-A*02:06, four TCR pairs by HLA-B*07:02, and one TCR pair by HLA-B*40:06, their specificity and affinity were confirmed. The TCR pair of A*02:01/1-1 showed alloreactivity to HLA-A*02:06. The one TCR pair showed a higher response to the naturally processed antigen than that of the peptide pool. This reverse TCR cloning system will not only provide functional information to TCR repertoire analysis by NGS but also help in the development of TCR-T therapy.
RIPK1 mutations causing infantile-onset IBD with inflammatory and fistulizing features
Authors: Sultan Mutaz , Adawi Mohammad , Kol Nitzan , McCourt Blake , Adawi Ihda , Baram Liran , Tal Noa , Werner Lael , Lev Atar , Snapper Scott B. , Barel Ortal , Konnikova Liza , Somech Raz , Shouval Dror S.
Published: November 2022

Purpose

Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) is an important regulator of necroptosis and inflammatory responses. We present the clinical features, genetic analysis and immune work-up of two patients with infantile-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) resulting from RIPK1 mutations.

Methods

Whole exome and Sanger sequencing was performed in two IBD patients. Mass cytometry time of flight (CyTOF) was conducted for in-depth immunophenotyping on one of the patient’s peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and compared to control subjects and patients with Crohn’s disease.

Results

The patients presented with severe colitis and perianal fistulas in the first months of life, without severe/atypical infections. Genetic studies identified pathogenic genetic variants in RIPK1 (Patient 1, A c.1934C>T missense mutation in Exon 11; Patient 2, c.580G>A missense mutation residing in Exon 4). Protein modeling demonstrated that the mutation in Patient 1 displaces a water molecule, potentially disrupting the local environment, and the mutation in Patient 2 may lead to disruption of the packing and conformation of the kinase domain. Immunofluorescence RIPK1 staining in rectal biopsies demonstrated no expression for Patient 1 and minimal expression for Patient 2, compared to controls and patients with active Crohn’s disease. Using CyTOF unbiased clustering analysis, we identified peripheral immune dysregulation in one of these patients, characterized by an increase in IFNγ CD8+ T cells along with a decrease in monocytes, dendritic cells and B cells. Moreover, RIPK1-deficient patient’s immune cells exhibited decreased IL-6 production in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) across multiple cell types including T cells, B cells and innate immune cells.

Conclusions

Mutations in RIPK1 should be considered in very young patients presenting with colitis and perianal fistulas. Given RIPK1’s role in inflammasome activation, but also in epithelial cells, it is unclear whether IL1 blockade or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can suppress or cure the hyper-inflammatory response in these patients. Additional studies in humans are required to better define the role of RIPK1 in regulating intestinal immune responses, and how treatment can be optimized for patients with RIPK1 deficiency.
Identification of novel immune correlates of protection against acute bovine babesiosis by superinfecting cattle with in vitro culture attenuated and virulent Babesia bovis strains
Authors: Bastos Reginaldo G. , Laughery Jacob M. , Ozubek Sezayi , Alzan Heba F. , Taus Naomi S. , Ueti Massaro W. , Suarez Carlos E.
Published: November 2022

The apicomplexan tickborne parasites Babesia bovis and B. bigemina are the major causative agents of bovine babesiosis, a disease that negatively affects the cattle industry and food safety around the world. The absence of correlates of protection represents one major impediment for the development of effective and sustainable vaccines against bovine babesiosis. Herein we superinfected cattle with attenuated and virulent strains of B. bovis to investigate immune correlates of protection against acute bovine babesiosis. Three 6-month-old Holstein calves were infected intravenously (IV) with the in vitro culture attenuated Att-S74-T3Bo B. bovis strain (106 infected bovine red blood cells (iRBC)/calf) while three age-matched Holstein calves were inoculated IV with normal RBC as controls (106 RBC/calf). All Att-S74-T3Bo-infected calves showed a significant increase in temperature early after inoculation but recovered without treatment. Att-S74-T3Bo-infected calves also developed: (a) monocytosis, neutropenia, and CD4+ lymphopenia in peripheral blood on days 3 to 7 post-inoculation; (b) significant levels of TNFα, CXCL10, IFNγ, IL-4, and IL-10 in sera at day 6 after infection; and (c) IgM and IgG against B. bovis antigens, starting at days 10 and 30 post-inoculation, respectively. At 46 days post-Att-S74-T3Bo inoculation, all experimental calves were infected IV with the homologous virulent B. bovis strain Vir-S74-T3Bo (107 iRBC/calf). All Att-S74-T3Bo-infected calves survived superinfection with Vir-S74-T3Bo without displaying signs of acute babesiosis. In contrast, control animals showed signs of acute disease, starting at day 10 post-Vir-S74-T3Bo infection, and two of them were humanely euthanized at days 13 and 14 after inoculation due to the severity of their symptoms. Also, control calves showed higher (P<0.05) parasite load in peripheral blood compared to animals previously exposed to Att-S74-T3Bo. No significant alterations in the profile of leukocytes and cytokines were observed in Att-S74-T3Bo-inoculated after Vir-S74-T3Bo infection. In conclusion, data demonstrate novel changes in the profile of blood immune cells and cytokine expression in peripheral blood that are associated with protection against acute bovine babesiosis. These identified immune correlates of protection may be useful for designing effective and sustainable vaccines against babesiosis in cattle.
Systemic immune-inflammation index is associated with hepatic steatosis: Evidence from NHANES 2015-2018
Authors: Song Yancheng , Guo Wencong , Li Zhaopeng , Guo Dong , Li Zhao , Li Yu
Published: November 2022

Background

As a novel inflammatory marker, Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) has not been studied with hepatic steatosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible relationship between SII and hepatic steatosis.

Methods

In the cross-sectional investigation, adults having complete information on SII, hepatic steatosis, and bariatric surgery from the 2015–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included. Hepatic steatosis was evaluated with heaptic steatosis index (HSI). The platelet count × neutrophil count/lymphocyte count was used to compute SII. We investigated the independent interaction between SII and hepatic steatosis using weighted multivariable regression analysis and subgroup analysis. To explore the potential relationship between SII, bariatric surgery and hepatic steatosis by controlling potential confounders by propensity score matching.

Results

The study involved 10505 participants in total, 5937 (56.5%) of whom had hepatic steatosis according to the diagnosis. After adjusted for covariates, multivariable logistic regression revealed that high SII level was an independent risk factor for hepatic steatosis (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.10-1.52, P 0.01). Unexpectedly, bariatric surgery reduced SII even after PSM corrected for differences of BMI and HSI.

Conclusions

In US adults, SII was positively correlated with an increase in hepatic steatosis. The SII may be a simple and affordable way to identify hepatic steatosis. Bariatric surgery may reduce SII without resorting to weight loss. This needs to be verified in additional prospective research.
Divergent dynamics of inflammatory mediators and multiplex PCRs during airway infection in cystic fibrosis patients and healthy controls: Serial upper airway sampling by nasal lavage
Authors: Erdmann Nina , Schilling Theresa , Hentschel Julia , Lehmann Thomas , von Bismarck Philipp , Ankermann Tobias , Duckstein Franziska , Baier Michael , Zagoya Carlos , Mainz Jochen G.
Published: November 2022

Background

In cystic fibrosis (CF), acute respiratory exacerbations critically enhance pulmonary destruction. Since these mainly occur outside regular appointments, they remain unexplored. We previously elaborated a protocol for home-based upper airway (UAW) sampling obtaining nasal-lavage fluid (NLF), which, in contrast to sputum, does not require immediate processing. The aim of this study was to compare UAW inflammation and pathogen colonization during stable phases and exacerbations in CF patients and healthy controls.

Methods

Initially, we obtained NLF by rinsing 10 ml of isotonic saline/nostril during stable phases. During exacerbations, subjects regularly collected NLF at home. CF patients directly submitted one aliquot for microbiological cultures. The remaining samples were immediately frozen until transfer on ice to our clinic, where PCR analyses were performed and interleukin (IL)-1β/IL-6/IL-8, neutrophil elastase (NE), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 were assessed.

Results

Altogether, 49 CF patients and 38 healthy controls (HCs) completed the study, and 214 NLF samples were analyzed. Of the 49 CF patients, 20 were at least intermittently colonized with P. aeruginosa and received azithromycin and/or inhaled antibiotics as standard therapy. At baseline, IL-6 and IL-8 tended to be elevated in CF compared to controls. During infection, inflammatory mediators increased in both cohorts, reaching significance only for IL-6 in controls (p=0.047). Inflammatory responses tended to be higher in controls [1.6-fold (NE) to 4.4-fold (MMP-9)], while in CF, mediators increased only moderately [1.2-1.5-fold (IL-6/IL-8/NE/TIMP-1/MMP-9)]. Patients receiving inhalative antibiotics or azithromycin (n=20 and n=15, respectively) revealed lower levels of IL-1β/IL-6/IL-8 and NE during exacerbation compared to CF patients not receiving those antibiotics. In addition, CF patients receiving azithromycin showed MMP-9 levels significantly lower than CF patients not receiving azithromycin at stable phase and exacerbation. Altogether, rhinoviruses were the most frequently detected virus, detected at least once in n=24 (49.0%) of the 49 included pwCF and in n=26 (68.4%) of the 38 healthy controls over the 13-month duration of the study. Remarkably, during exacerbation, rhinovirus detection rates were significantly higher in the HC group compared to those in CF patients (65.8% vs. 22.4%; p<0.0001).

Conclusion

Non-invasive and partially home-based UAW sampling opens new windows for the assessment of inflammation and pathogen colonization in the unified airway system.