bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MANAJEMEN EKSTRAKURIKULER PRAMUKA DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PESERTA DIDIK DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH (MTs) MARGAHARJA CIAMIS
Authors: Hasanah Rohmat , Sukri Sukri
Published: February 2023

Pentingnya kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pramuka dalam meningkatkan kualitas siswa menjadi dasar penelitian ini. Pengelolaan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pramuka dalam meningkatkan kualitas siswa Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs.) menjadi fokus kajian MTs Margaharja Ciamis, dimana metode kualitatif digunakan. Hasil yang diungkap: 1) Setiap awal tahun ajaran baru dilaksanakan Perencanaan Ekstrakurikuler Pramuka dalam Peningkatan Mutu Siswa. Kepala Madrasah, wakil kepala kesiswaan, wakil kepala bagian kurikulum, koordinator ekstrakurikuler, dan guru pembimbing bertugas merencanakan. 2) Terdapat dua jenis kegiatan ekstrakurikuler yang dapat dilaksanakan yaitu ekstrakurikuler wajib dan ekstrakurikuler pilihan. Pramuka adalah kegiatan ekstrakurikuler wajib yang harus diikuti oleh semua siswa kelas 7 dan 8. Paskah, bola voli, futsal, BTQ, drum band, seni musik, dan kaligrafi adalah kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pilihan. 3) Setiap tiga bulan dilakukan evaluasi ekstrakurikuler. Target juara sekolah, jumlah pertemuan yang harus diselesaikan dalam satu semester, dan partisipasi siswa adalah contoh tujuan yang dievaluasi. 4) Mengikuti pengelolaan ekstrakurikuler, nilai siswa meningkat.
Examination of Football Referees' Attitudes Towards Video Assistant Referee System (VAR) by Q Method
Authors: KARAFİL Ahmet Yavuz
Published: February 2023

The referees play a crucial role by bearing tremendous responsibility in football. Referees not only manage the football match, but they are also the people who are psychologically affected by the atmosphere of the match and are held responsible for any mistake. This responsibility for the referees seems to have eased somewhat with the development of technology.Yet, unless an evaluation is made from the point of the referees, this situation will remain a mystery. This study aims to evaluate the attitudes of football referees towards the VAR system with the Q method. The methodological model of the study was the Q method, which includes qualitative and quantitative research methods. 25 referees included in the study with the snowball sampling method constitute the study group. The study data were analyzed using the PQMethod 2.35 program, which was developed for Q method studies. The principal component analysis method was used in the analysis of the data. After the analyzes made in the Q method, the data were divided into factors. As a result of principal component analysis and hand rotation afterward, it was seen that the opinions of the participants were gathered under two factors. The questions that the participants gathered under two different factors got higher scores were indicated by their Z scores. The reasons behind it were examined by interviewing the scores obtained from the quantitative data regarding the statements that the participants agreed and did not agree with. As a result, while there is a decrease in the sense of confidence in the referees' VAR system, in themselves and the profession, it is among the results obtained from the opinions that the elimination of injustice is a practice that allows the deserving to win.
Continuous Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Sargassum seaweed
Authors: Allen Michael (Mike) , Pearce Matthew
Published: February 2023

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is often mooted as a promising and sustainable processing methodology for conversion of biomass into usable products, including bio-oils, which have the potential to alleviate humanitys reliance on fossil fuels. To date, the majority of HTL development work with novel biomasses has been undertaken at laboratory scale in batch processes and the results extrapolated to theoretical continuous flow processes required for industrial uptake. Here, we assess the use of a novel continuous flow HTL system, applying it to Sargassum (seaweed) material and generating a bio-oil which is assessed against typical crude oil fractions.
Synthesis and characterization of low-cost ceramic membranes using red mud from the eastern Amazon as waste from the Bayer process
Authors: Lima Yasmim , Baia Renan , Auzier Vitor , De Alencar Patrick , Oliveira Kleber
Published: February 2023

This research presents the development and characterization of ceramic membranes from a mixture of Red Mud and Clay. Characterized as for the Apparent Porosity (AP), Water Absorption (WA), Linear Retraction (LR), Apparent Density (AD), Pore Distribution, Hydraulic Permeability and Rejection to a solute of interest. XRD, SEM / EDS, and Rietveld Technique were used to characterize the raw materials. The composition L35A65 shows the best results, with WA = 29.55 ± 0.2, AP = 44.72 ± 0.62, AD = 1.5 ± 0.01, LR =1.67 ± 0.0, mean diameter of pores equal to 0.418µm and hydraulic permeability, Lp = 721.4 Lh/m2.bar. The rejection for yeasts was 99.9% and for starch was 96.8%.
How regiochemistry influences aggregation behavior and charge transport in conjugated organosulfur polymer cathodes for lithium-sulfur batteries
Authors: Schütze Yannik , Gayen Diptesh , Palczynski Karol , de Oliveira Silva Ranielle , Lu Yan , Tovar Michael , Partovi-Azar Pouya , Bande Annika , Dzubiella Joachim
Published: February 2023

For lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries to become competitive, they require high stability and energy density. Organosulfur polymer-based cathodes have recently shown promising performance due to their ability to overcome common limitations of Li-S batteries, such as the insulating nature of sulfur. In this study, we use a multi-scale modeling approach to explore the influence of the regiochemistry of a novel conjugated poly(4-(thiophene-3-yl)benzenethiol) (PTBT) polymer on its aggregation behavior and charge transport. Classical molecular dynamics simulations of the self-assembly of polymer chains with different regioregularity show that a head-to-tail/head-to-tail (HT-HT) regularity can form a well-ordered crystalline phase of planar chains allowing for fast charge transport. Our X-ray diffraction measurements, in conjunction with our predicted crystal structure, confirm the presence of crystalline phases in the electropolymerized PTBT polymer. As a first quantitative approach, we describe the charge transport in the crystalline phase in a band-like regime. Our results give fundamental insights into the interplay between microstructural and electrical properties of conjugated polymer cathode materials, highlighting the effect of polymer chain regioregularity on its charge transport properties.
Three cycles in the dioxomolybdenum-catalyzed reduction of nitrobenzenes to anilines with pinacol. A computational study towards the valorization of biomass subproducts.
Authors: Kiriakidi Sofia , Silva López Carlos , Nieto Faza Olalla
Published: February 2023

In this work, we use density functional theory to unravel the mechanism of the nitrobenzene to aniline reduction, catalyzed by dioxomolybdenum (VI) dichloride. The use of pinacol as an oxoaccepting reagent and the production of only acetone and water as byproducts, signals a novel and environmentally friendly way to add value to the oxygen-rich biomass-derived polyols. The reaction proceeds through three consecutive cycles, each one responsible for one of the three reductive steps needed to yield nitroaniline from nitrobenzene, with nitrosobenzene and benzylnitrene as intermediates. Each cycle regenerates the Mo(VI) catalyst and releases two acetone molecules. The mechanism involves singlet/triplet state crossings, a feature that has been found to be key in related polyoxomolibdate catalyzed processes. The role of the Mo-coordinated water, product of the reduction of pinacol, as the provider of the mysterious protons needed to reduce the nitro group, was revealed. The disclosure of this challenging mechanism and its rate limiting step can contribute to the design of more effective Mo(VI) catalysts.
Model for humidity-mediated diffusion on aluminum surfaces and its role in accelerating atmospheric aluminum corrosion
Authors: Scher Jeremy , Weitzner Stephen , Hao Yue , Heo Tae Wook , Castonguay Stephen , Aubry Sylvie , Carroll Susan , Kroonblawd Matthew
Published: February 2023

Bare aluminum metal surfaces are highly reactive, which leads to the spontaneous formation of a protective oxide surface layer. Because many subsequent corrosive processes are mediated by water, the structure and dynamics of water at the oxide interface are anticipated to influence corrosion kinetics. Using molecular dynamics simulations with a reactive force field, we model the behavior of aqueous aluminum metal ions in water adsorbed onto aluminum oxide surfaces across a range of ion concentrations and water film thicknesses corresponding to increasing relative humidity. We find that the structure and diffusivity of both the water and the metal ions depends strongly on the humidity of the environment and the relative height within the adsorbed water film.Aqueous aluminum ion diffusion rates in water films corresponding to a typical indoor relative humidity of 30% are found to be more than two orders of magnitude slower than self-diffusion of water in the bulk limit. Connections between metal ion diffusivity and corrosion reaction kinetics are assessed parametrically with a reductionist model based on a 1D continuum reaction-diffusion equation. Our results highlight the importance of incorporating the properties specific to interfacial water in predictive models of aluminum corrosion.
Ageing Affects the Mechanical Interaction between Microplastics and Lipid Bilayers
Authors: fleury jean baptiste , Baulin Vladimir A
Published: February 2023

Plastic pellets are the building blocks and pre-production form of many plastic products. Exposure to oxygen and sunlight leads to oxidation and photodegradation of the pellets, which results in a visible change in color. We investigate the effect of pellet-derived microplastics' aging on their mechanical interaction with lipid bilayers. For that purpose, polyethylene pellets were collected at the beach La Pineda near Tarragona, Spain. Pellets were sorted by chemical composition and a yellowing index, which was used as an indicator of aging. The hydrophilicity of the pellets was estimated through contact angle measurements. We produced microplastics from these pellets by grinding and filtering. Then, microplastics were dispersed around a free-standing bilayer formed in a 3D microfluidic chip to study interactions between microplastics and lipid bilayers. Our findings indicate that as the microplastics aged, the bilayer was stretched more significantly due to its increased adhesive interaction with the lipid bilayer. Interestingly, our theoretical model shows that the extracted adhesive interaction increases linearly with the measured pellet contact angle (e.g., pellet hydrophilicity). These findings raise concerns about the toxic risks that aged microplastics may pose to living organisms.
Pressure/thermo-induced hypsochromic-shifted and enhanced luminescence based on carbazole emitter
Authors: Yang Jun-Cheng , Fu Zhiyuan , Ma Huili , Wang Tao , Li Qiuying , Wang Kai , Wu Lin , Chen Pu , Feng Hai-Tao , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: February 2023

Most organic mechanochromic luminogens show bathochromic-shifted and quenched emission with increasing pressure. Design of turn-on mechanochromic material with hypsochromic-shifted luminescence is still a challenge. Herein, a novel emitter (namely DCzPy) was prepared through lab-synthesized carbazole to study its stimuli-responsive luminescence. The crystalline powders of DCzPy emitted blue-green fluorescence at 490 nm. Upon gently grinding, the fluorescence intensity of DCzPy was dramatically enhanced with a hypsochromic-shift by 33 nm. Further heavily grinding, its emission wavelength returned to 490 nm. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that such behaviors were attributed to the solid-state morphology transition from crystal-to-crystal. Interestingly, a large bathochromic-shifted and weakened fluorescence was achieved under isotropic compression. Moreover, thermo-responsive behavior of DCzPy was studied in the film to find that its emission turned from green to blue as temperature elevated. Given the thermo-induced fluorescence switching of DCzPy, a 2D code was fabricated for information anti-counterfeiting.
N-Terminal-selective Cu-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition for irreversible assembly of two modules with a peptide
Authors: Machida Haruka , Kanemoto Kazuya , Fuwa Haruhiko
Published: February 2023

Site-selective introduction of multiple components into peptides is greatly needed for the preparation of densely functionalized peptides with uniform quality. In particular, N-terminal-selective peptide modification has attracted considerable attention in recent years for the purpose of single-site modification. In this work, an N-terminal selective [3+2] cycloaddition of peptide-based azomethine ylides with maleimides was developed. This reaction was catalyzed by Cu/Xantphos complex under mild conditions to afford the cycloadduct in excellent yield and with complete exo-diastereoselectivity, leaving the alkyl amine of a lysine residue untouched. Furthermore, the reaction forms an irreversible C–C bond, preventing the elimination of the introduced modules, which has been a major concern in previous methods. The reaction was applied to a convenient three-component assembly by a one-pot procedure using a peptide with aldehyde and maleimide. Furthermore, this method was efficiently applied to a single-site modification of oligopeptides. These results showcase the utility of this method for the single-site bi-functionalization of complex peptides.
Rhodanine-Based Chromophores: Fast Access to Capable Photoswitches and Application in Light-Induced Apoptosis
Authors: Köttner Laura , Wolff Friederike , Mayer Peter , Zanin Esther , Dube Henry
Published: February 2023

Molecular photoswitches are highly desirable in all chemistry-related areas of research. They provide effective outside control over geometric and electronic changes at the nanoscale using an easy to control and waste-free stimulus. However, simple and effective access to such molecular tools is typically not granted and elaborate syntheses and substitution schemes are needed in order to obtain efficient photoswitching properties. Here we present a series of rhodanine-based photoswitches that are prepared in one simple synthetic step without requiring elaborate purification. Photoswitching is induced by UV and visible light in both switching directions and thermal stabilities of the metastable states are high. An additional benefit is the hydrogen bonding capacity of the rhodanine fragment, which enables applications in supramolecular or medicinal chemistry. We further show that the known rhodanine-based inhibitor SMI-16a is a photoswitchable apoptosis inducer. The activity of SMI-16a can be switched ON or OFF by reversible photoisomerization between the inactive E and the active Z isomer. Rhodanine-based photoswitches therefore represent an easy to access and highly valuable molecular toolbox for implementing light responsiveness to functional molecular systems.
Essays on Defined Benefit Pension Plans in the USA
Authors:   , Tabassum Tanjila
Published: February 2023

This thesis contains three fundamental and empirical essays with the aim of finding the optimum full funding limit policy for the defined benefit (DB) pension plan system in the USA in terms of Government tax earnings and pension claims. To achieve this aim, I study sponsor contributions and plan terminations in the first two essays and building on these I investigate the optimum policy limit in the third essay of the thesis.

In the first essay, I investigate the influence of enforcement of full funding limits on sponsor contributions to private DB pension plans in the US. The full funding limit is a limit on the maximum asset amount that restricts the tax advantages of making voluntary contributions to pension funds. This essay fills a research gap by using only voluntary contributions to analyse the impact of the full funding limit. The results show that, sponsors are less likely to make tax-deductible voluntary contributions when the plans’ funding ratio surpasses the full funding limitation. At the other hand, a lower than required pension plan funding ratio (pension assets/ pension liabilities) increases the likelihood of a voluntary contribution. These findings together support the idea that sponsors want to prefund the balance, but only until any tax advantages are maximized.

The second essay includes the full funding limit policy along with both firm and plan specific variables in studying termination decisions using a more comprehensive dataset than used in any previous study. The analysis shows that the condition of the firm only affects the termination decision for PBGC trusteed termination. The state of the plan affects both standard and PBGC trusteed terminations, but in differing ways. The tax rate affects the termination decisions, but in a manner that depends on the funding status of the plan and the type of termination.

The third essay determines the optimum value of the full funding limit percentage to ensure better funding positions for defined benefit pension plans and higher profit (i.e., tax earnings – PBGC claims) for the Government. Using estimates from the first two essays and actuarial assumptions for projecting the 757 existing firms for the next 50 years, I generate scenarios to calculate the profit of the Government using tax earnings and PBGC claims for different full funding limitation percentages. My results show that, although the range is larger than the current policy, a narrow range for the full funding limit (110% of pension liability over pension assets) yields the maximum profit. This limit generates the highest tax earnings and the lowest PBGC claims out of all the tested possibilities (which ranged from 100% to 200%). The effect of this limit on tax earnings is the major contributing factor behind this finding.
Status, Transition, and Impact of the Yoon Suk-yeol Administration’s Trade Policy with China
Authors: Liu Yuge
Published: February 2023

China is Korea’s main trade partner in East Asia and one of its key economic and trade partners worldwide. The two countries have complementary industrial structure and a long history of trade exchanges. However, against the backdrop of a return to global trade protectionism and the politicization of international affairs with Yoon Suk-yeol coming to power, South Korea has undertaken a strong trade shift toward the United States (US), triggering a change in the pattern of economic cooperation in East Asia and challenging the regional trade structure. A review of the trade policy agenda of the Yoon Suk-yeol administration toward the US and China, along with a comparative review of Korea’s foreign trade stance under Moon Jae-in, allows for an analysis of the turnaround and characteristics of Yoon’s trade policy toward China during his tenure. The implications for global trade governance and regional security are further analyzed with an aim of finding a Nash equilibrium in trade cooperation among East Asian countries.
النهوض بالأمن الغذائي في المنطقة العربية عبر تعزيز نظم الغذاء والصمود الاقتصادي
Authors: Moustafa Rasha Awad
Published: February 2023

يقينًا، يعاني العالم المتقدم والنامي على حدٍ سواء من ارتفاع حدة انعدام الأمن الغذائي، لأسباب عدة سابقة على اندلاع الأزمة الروسية الأوكرانية، التي أدت لتعميقها. وقد امتزجت هذه الأسباب مع تحديات هيكلية مزمنة يعانيها العالم العربي، ما يضعه على المحك لتعزيز أمنه الغذائي، الذي يُعد قضية أمن قومي.
ورغم الجهود الحثيثة التي تبذلها الحكومات العربية، إلا أنها غير كافية لبلوغ الهدف الإنمائي المعني بالقضاء على الجوع وانعدام الأمن الغذائي وسوء التغذية. ومن ثم، خلصت الورقة إلى أربعة مسارات رئيسة يُمكن تبنيها، والبناء عليها؛ تتمثَّل في: توطين إطار مفاهيمي شامل لنظام الغذاء ليكون بمثابة نظام بيئي له، مع إعادة تصميم نظام الغذاء الذي يحتل جوهر الإطار المفاهيمي المقترح.
اتصالًا، اقترحت الورقة تكثيف الزراعة المستندة إلى البيانات والمعتمدة على التكنولوجيا، في كل من المزارع الصغيرة والكبيرة لتتمكن من انتهاج التقنيات الزراعية الحديثة، مع تبني جهود حثيثة لمحو الأمية الوظيفية، في إشارة فهم مكونات الإطار المفاهيمي للنظام الغذائي، وصقل المهارات وامتلاك القدرات اللازمة للتعامل مع النظام الغذائي الحديث، وإدارته، وحوكمة نتائجه.
Груповий соціальний потенціал: поняття, основні ознаки та складники
Authors: Kolenda Nataliia
Published: February 2023

У статті на основі емпіричного аналізу та узагальнення визначено ознаки групового соціального потенціалу та подано авторське трактування його сутності. Виокремлено складники групового соціального потенціалу та подано їх характеристику. Розглянуто види групового соціального потенціалу.
Aislamiento de nanocelulosa 2D a partir de la pared celular de Sargassum spp
Authors: Mendoza J. Silva , Toxqui Terán A. , Elizande Herrera L.E. , Pérez Camacho O. , Chávez Guerrero L.
Published: February 2023

La nanocelulosa se ha convertido en un biopolímero importante para la obtención de empaques, fibra dietética y aditivos alimentarios, entre otros productos. En este trabajo, la nanocelulosa fue aislada a partir de sargazo a través de un proceso innovador de pasos sucesivos en un solo recipiente. El material obtenido fue caracterizado por FTIR, RMN, espectrofotometría UV Vis, microscopía de barrido láser y microscopía electrónica de barrido demostrando la presencia de nanoláminas de celulosa compuestas de nanofibras de celulosa con un espesor de 2100 nm. Finalmente, se preparó un film transparente el cual presentó una transmitancia del 81%.
Characterization of CusBiS3 thin films annealing layers of BizS3-CuS chemically deposited
Authors: Gonzalez Erick , Peña Yolanda , Gomez Idalia , Ildusovich Boris , Hernandez Tomas , Cavazos José Luis
Published: February 2023

Cu3BiS3 thin films with values of thickness 170 nm were obtained; these films were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Electron Microscopy Scanning, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and photoconductivity. We obtained values of bang gap energy 1.65 eV and electrical conductivity approximately 2.58 ( Ω-cm)-1. A second layer of Cu3BiS3 was deposited over the first one, thickness increased to 450 nm and band gap energy was 1 eV and electrical conductivity approximately 1 ( Ω-cm)-1.
Estudio computacional de la adsorci6n de metanol en estructuras zeoliticas de imidazol ZIF-71 y ZIF-71(CIBr): Mecanismo de adsorcién
Authors: Tiempos-Flores Norma , Alvarez J. Raziel , Hernandez-Fernandez Eugenio , Saenz Tavera Isabel del Carmen , Oscar Arillo-Flores Oscar , Davila-Guzman Nancy E.
Published: February 2023

A través de calculos de primeros principios basados en la Teoria del Funcional de la Densidad (DFT) a nivel de la aproximación del gradiente generalizado GGA (el funcional Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof, PBE) se investiga el mecanismo de adsorción de metanol en dos adsorbentes hidrofóbicos, ZIF-71 y ZIF-71(CIBr) a través del calculo de las energias de interacción en los sitios mas favorecidos en los adsorbentes. El estudio se realizó con el fragmento Zn-imidazolato y el metanol. La posición mas favorecida de la molécula de metanol hacia el adsorbente fue a través del grupo hidroxilo, lo cual genera una deformación de la molécula original debido a las interacciones de enlaces tipo puente de hidrógeno en los ligantes imidazolato del adsorbente. En la posición del alcohol a través del grupo metilo hacia el adsorbente, no se observa esta deformación en la molécula. Estas caracteristicas son relevantes para la adsorcién del metanol sobre la superficie del MOF donde la reorientacion de los ligantes esta impedida dada la rigidez de su red cristalina.
SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF SOIL RESOURCES POTENTIAL WITH GIS MAPPING IN THRACE REGION OF TÜRKİYE
Authors: Bagdatlı M. Cüneyt , Esra Can Esra Can
Published: February 2023

This research was carried out to evaluate the spatial distribution of land use capabilities, current land uses, some geographical data and soil properties by using 1/25.000 scaled digital soil maps in Thrace Region of Türkiye. One of the GIS programs (Arc GIS 10.3.1) in study has been used. In the results of the research; II. class lands (8,046.9 km2) cover the largest area. It was evaluated that the V. class lands (35.1 km2) covered the least area. Dry farming takes place on an area of 12322.4 km2. The vineyard areas cover the least area, and the total area is determined to be 76.75 km2. It has been observed that residential areas are 675.4 km2 and industrial areas are 20.5 km2. The area covered by stony soils was 1399.2 km2 and salty alkaline and poorly drained soils were observed in an area of 3.2 km2. The results obtained from the study were presented to users within a database. The results of the research will provide important contributions to the investor organizations operating in the Thrace Region of Türkiye.
Principle 5 C in The Practice of Peer to Peer Lending (P2P) Financial Technology in The Perspective of Business Ethics and Islamic Justice
Authors: Astuti Hesti Dwi , Sholihah Cucu , Sahid Mualimin Mochammad , Ahmad Abu Umar Faruq , Sopyan Yayan , Husaeni Uus Ahmad
Published: February 2023

Non-bank financial service actors in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic made a breakthrough by creating fintech (Financial technology) through the development of Peer Peer Lending (P2P) or online loans. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of 5C principles in the practice of peer-to-peer lending Fintech based on a review of Islamic business ethics. The method used in this research is a normative juridical approach with a descriptive research approach. The data that has been obtained will be arranged systematically for further qualitative analysis. This study concludes that principles and business ethics must be considered with the concept of â€œThe Five Câ€™s Principle of Credit Analysisâ€ in either conventional or sharia systems. In the case of customers who choose a sharia online loan system, they must also pay attention to the ethical aspects of financial business in Islam, which is something that must be considered considering that in Islam, ethical issues are related to the determination of economic policies that will affect the halalness of service and the agreement of the parties.Â
Strengthening The Maritime Security System in Realizing Indonesia as The Global Maritime Fulcrum
Authors: Darajati Muhammad Rafi
Published: February 2023

The realization of Indonesiaâ€™s vision to become the Global Maritime Fulcrum depends on eradicating illegal fishing, reducing overfishing, and rehabilitating damaged marine and coastal environments. However, there are still frequent violations, and exploration in Indonesian waters has not been maximized, so the desire to realize Indonesia as the Global Maritime Fulcrum will be difficult to achieve. This study intends to examine how to strengthen the maritime security legal system to realize Indonesia as the Global Maritime Fulcrum. The research approach used is normative juridical. The author uses a qualitative approach to secondary legal data. The data is in the form of interviews related to the efforts made by stakeholders towards strengthening the maritime security system and realizing the vision of the Global Maritime Fulcrum. This study indicates that to realize Indonesia as the Global Maritime Fulcrum is to strengthen its maritime security system. There are three indicators based on legal system theory, namely optimal maritime security institutions, especially Indonesia Coast Guard, strengthening legal products related to eradicating illegal fishing, improving maritime security infrastructure, and creating new branding to continue to remind the public that Indonesia is a maritime state.
Complaint Authority for Constitutional Complaint by Indonesiaâ€™s Constitutional Court
Authors: Warjiyati Sri , Ibrahim Kayode Muhammed , Salam Safrin , Faruq Umar
Published: February 2023

Constitutional Court will be able to provide protection for constitutional rights which will produce institutions that are able to provide answers to reforms. The presence of the Constitutional Court third amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, which became the basis of Article 24C. The legitimacy of the Constitutional Court in a limited way is formulated, namely: to begin, to investigate legislation that violates the constitution, to adjudicate disputes over the power of state institutions vested with constitutional authority, and to adjudicate the dissolution of political parties and settlement, the four general election disputes. In the modern state administration discourse, it currently requires the Constitutional Court to expand the scope of its authority in relation to Constitutional Complaints or commonly referred to as Constitutional Complaints. The necessity of one of these powers can be seen in the number of state institutions that violate the constitutional rights of citizens through the actions of these institutions. However, the channel for this complaint still does not exist, only that currently exists in providing protection for the right of Constitutional Complaints to be protected through judicial review of the basic constitution as regulated in the constitution.
Dillemas of Bad Loan Settlement of Village Credit Institution (Lembaga Perkreditan Desa) in The Covid-19 Pandemic Situation
Authors: Sujana I Nyoman , Ribeiro Leonito
Published: February 2023

This paper analyzes the dilemma of resolving bad loans of the Village Credit Institution (LPD) in the Covid19 Pandemic Era. The focus of the study is the problems faced by the Village Credit Institution (LPD) in resolving bad loans in Bali Province during the COVID-19 pandemic era. This study was conducted because LPDs in Bali experienced difficulties in securing credit even though the collaterals or guarantees were imposed with a mortgage as well as a Fiduciary during the Covid 19 period. As an analytical device on the legal issues studied, the author applied the theory of the welfare state with a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, a sociological approach, and a case approach. Based on the results of the study, it is found that the settlement of bad loans at the LPD is in a dilemma. â€œInternallyâ€œ the LPD noticed that the debtors, members of the traditional village, are taking refuge behind the Covid-19 pandemic situation, and denied their obligations. In the collateral cases, even though Mortgage Rights have been imposed with a fiduciary, settlement is about to be carried out, it turns out to be controlled by a third party who is a member of the Customary Village to execute loan settlement through the expropriation of the collateral by execution parate. This type of action is not allowed based on the principles of Balinese customary law paras, parosegilikseguluk, sarpanayasabayantaka. In this case, the LPD should go back to court. Meanwhile, â€œexternallyâ€ the economic atmosphere affected by the Covid-19 pandemic has not yet recovered. Therefore, LPD faces a difficult choice between settling bad loans to recover the cash flow of a company, and taking measures to save credit by rescheduling, restructuring, and reconditioning. This rescue measure has become a heavy burden for LPDs to fulfill their obligations to credit customers.
Granting of Mortgage Loans With Guarantees of Land Right Owned by Third Parties in Banking Agreements
Authors: Khaerani Cahya , Santoso Budi , Nurwidhiyanti Hanif
Published: February 2023

This study aims to analyze the process of implementing an agreement between a bank and a third party as a collateral owner/which does not belong directly to the debtor, and analyze the legal protection for the owner of the object of mortgage rights pledged by the debtor. The method of approach used in this research is the juridical empirical approaching method. In the implementation of the agreement between the Bank and the collateral owner third party, it is carried out through the Mortgage Rights mechanism. In the event of default by the debtor. Then, the creditor (bank) can still execute the object of collateral pledged by the debtor in accordance with applicable regulations. Second, the UUHT does not provide enough protection to the collateral owner/third party, considering that the third party/collateral owner is not the direct debtor in the credit agreement. In addition, between the third party and the creditor (Bank) also do not have a direct legal relationship, because the third party only has a direct legal relationship with the debtor. So that the third party will only get legal protection from the debtor in accordance with the agreement made with the third party.
The Overplay Functions and Authority of The Sea Security Board (Bakamla) and The Sea and Coast Guard in Keeping Marine Security in Indonesia
Authors: Suparto Suparto , Admiral Admiral
Published: February 2023

Indonesia is a maritime country with a wide ocean. Geopolitically, Indonesiaâ€™s position is an international shipping lane. Therefore, it is necessary to have an institution that has the duty and authority to maintain sea and coastal security and shipping safety. The formulation of the problem is how the functions and authorities of the Sea and Coast Guard (SCG) and the Maritime Security Agency (Bakamla) are in guarding Indonesian seas. The research method used a normative juridical approach with secondary data and analyzed descriptively qualitatively. There are two overlapping institutions in carrying out their duties and functions, namely SCG which is regulated in Law No. Year 2008 concerning Shipping and Bakamla which is regulated under the Law No. 32 Year 2014 concerning Marine Affairs. The government intends that maritime security in Indonesia to be handled by the military, not civilians. This can be seen that the chairman of Bakamla is held by a general from the Indonesian Navy and is responsible to the President through the Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal and Security Affairs. While in Law No. 17 Year 2008 stipulates that SCG is under the Ministry of Transportation and is responsible to the President. Bakamla is more appropriate to be used as SCG, this is based on the consideration that Indonesia is a maritime country with wide seas with all its problems such as narcotics trafficking, human trafficking, terrorism, theft of marine resources, etc., so it would be more appropriate to submit it to Bakamla as a semi-official institution. military. As a consequence of this choice, it is necessary to revise Law No. 17 Year 2008 and Law No. 32 Year 2014.
Settlement of Juvenile Offenders Based on Restorative Justice
Authors: Syafruddin Syafruddin
Published: February 2023

The establishment of Law No. 11/2012 was a government strategy for dealing with children as offenders and victims of crime. Despite juvenile criminal justice in place, society often stigmatizes child offenders. This study explores the use of restorative justice for children who have committed crimes. The normative method was used for a descriptive analysis of both statutory and case law. The findings showed that relying only on Law No. 11/2012 is not sufficient because each enforcement officer interprets it differently, necessitating the issuance of supporting regulations such as SE Kapolri No. SE/8/VII/2018, Prosecutorâ€™s Office Regulation No. 15/2020, and PERMA No. 4/2014. To be held liable for oneâ€™s actions, as set out in Law no. 11/2012, a person must have both the intention to commit a crime and be aware that it will have a direct result in causing injury or physical harm to another person. Restorative justice is often seen as a more appropriate way to handle criminal acts involving children aged 8 and 13 years. At this age, children are still learning and trying to understand what is good and evil, which can lead them to behave in undesirable ways.
The Problems and Forthcoming Ideal Concepts of Employment Social Security: An Indonesiaâ€™s Perspective as a Welfare State
Authors: Dananjaya Nyoman Satyayudha , Santosa Anak Agung Gede Duwira Hadi , Sudiarawan Kadek Agus , Martha Made Dwita
Published: February 2023

The Procedures and Requirements for Payment of Old Age Security stated that the benefits of Old Age Security at the Institution of Social Security Employment can only be taken when workers enter retirement or at the age of 56 years, which elicits opposition reactions from various parties. The focus of this research was conducted to examine and criticize whether the Old Age Security (OAS) and Job Loss Guarantee (JLG) policies for workers who have been terminated have reflected the conception of an Indonesian welfare state that is socially just for all Indonesians, as well as to find out how the future concept (Ius Constituendum) of OAS and JLG for workers reflects the welfare state for social justice. A statutory and conceptual approach are used to support the type of normative legal research in this research. The results of the study indicate that the OAS and JLG policies have not described the concept of an Indonesian welfare state with social justice. To describe the OAS and JLG policies that reflect the welfare state, future policies must still provide convenience for workers to receive OAS benefits and continue to carry out OAS benefits.
The Urgency Of Mediatorâ€™s Good Faith In Mediating Legal Disputes: The Critical Analysis Study
Authors: Jasmaniar Jasmaniar , Zainuddin Zainuddin
Published: February 2023

This study aims to explore the concept and urgency of mediatorâ€™s good faith in mediating civil law. It is a normative juridical study (doctrinal) with secondary data from primary and secondary legal materials, using bibliography technique. Those materials are analyzed with a qualitative descriptive method. Further, good faith is put as the highest principle in agreement, including mediation and expecting to be implemented by all dispute parties and mediators as well. A mediatorâ€™s good faith should be carried out with earnest effort and intention formerly, instead of pushed by constitution to mandatory mediating dispute parties. This study has shown that good faith visibly implements if the mediator actively conducts the functions and responsibilities with confidentiality, volunteer, empowerment, neutrality, and exclusive solutions as the principles.Â Â
Renewal of the Criminal Justice System Through the Constante Justitie Principle That Guarantees Justitiabelen's Satisfaction
Authors: Wantu Fence M. , Puluhulawa Jufryanto , Bajrektarevic Anis H. , Towadi Mellisa , Swarianata Vifi
Published: February 2023

The Principle of Constante Justitie, or the principle of a simple, fast, and light trial, is intended so that handling cases can be resolved in a short time. It does not need to take a long time. The problem in this paper is: (1). how is the application of the Constante Justitie principle or the simple, fast, and low-cost principle as expected by justitiabellen? (2). How to renew the criminal justice system through the principle of Constante Justitie, which can guarantee justitiabellen satisfaction. This research is normative juridical research, namely legal research that aims to find methods, norms, or das sollen. The results showed that the application of the principles of justice, speed, and light costs that guarantee justitiabellen satisfaction has not been following the mandate of laws and regulations. The renewal of the criminal justice system, especially the Principle of Constante Justitie, which can guarantee justitiabellen satisfaction, has now been pursued by the Supreme Court by issuing various regulations such as the Supreme Court Rules or PERMA or Supreme Court Circulars or SEMA, but it has not been successful.
Implications of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 91/Puu-Xviii/2020 Toward Job Creation Law in The Mineral and Coal Mining Sector
Authors: Lelisari Lelisari , Tanjung Ridho Aulia , Pakpahan Zainal Abidin , Imawanto Imawanto , Hamdi Hamdi
Published: February 2023

This study aims to analyze and examine the juridical implications of the decision of Constitutional Court Number 91/PUU XVII/2020 on the job creation law in the mineral and coal mining sector. The research method used is a normative legal research method with approach legislation. The results illustrate that the juridical implication of the Job Creation Act in the mineral and coal mining sector is that in its decision the Constitutional Court stated that the Job Creation Act was still valid as long as the law-makers made improvements in the procedures for establishing Job Creation Law. In this case, the Constitutional Court has given two years for the legislators to revise the procedure for the formation of the Job Creation Law since the decision was pronounced. If no improvements are made, the Law can be declared unconstitutional permanently. Thus, if Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning job creation is unconstitutional, namely permanently removing coal incentive opportunities, the elimination of coal incentive opportunities must indeed be carried out due to the targets of coal utilization in Article 128A, not power optimization towards clean energy and will increase the portion of coal in the national energy mix and overall will systematically overlap with climate adaptation and mitigation targets and programs as well as the Articles in the Job Creation Act are also infiltrated by the interests of mining and dirty energy businesses.
The Implementation of Notary Inclusive Rights in The Frame of Law Enforcement As a Public Official
Authors: Lubis Ikhsan , Siregar Taufik , Koto Ismail , Chansrakaeo Ruetaitip , Sari Lubis Duma Indah
Published: February 2023

This article aims to describe the implementation of a notaryâ€™s inclusive rights within the framework of carrying out his duties as a public official. The granting of attribution authority to a notary as a public official is a special assignment that is intentionally made based on laws and regulations with certain roles, functions, and authorities to provide legal services (law enforcement) to the public who need authentic written evidence and the other civil laws authorities, along with inclusive legal protection in the enforcement of duties of a notary. The research method used is juridical normative, in which analyzing a legal event occur and followed by the comparative study between the legal source material and the legal rules that govern it in practice. This study aims to find out what, how, and why the position of a notary is attached to inclusive rights in terms of various legal aspects according to the research topic. The results showed that the form of legal protection that is inclusive of notaries as general officials have been sufficiently regulated in the constitution of the Notary Commission as well as the right to disobey and the obligation to disobey notaries. In addition, the existence of the Notary Honorary Council as a tool for the organization of the Indonesian Notary Association as well as the Notary Supervisory Board and the Notary Honorary Council has strengthened the position of an inclusive notary through preventive measures in the context of fostering and supervising the ethics of notary behavior and the practice of carrying out the duties of the notary commission under the rules in UUJN and UUJN-P.
Perbandingan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Peredaran Pangan Berbahaya Antara Indonesia Dengan Tiongkok
Authors: Widiyani Heni , Pakpahan Kartina , Lim Derinie , Chandrago Juliani
Published: February 2023

Mayarakat harus dilindungi dari pangan berbahaya Tujuan Penelitian untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis perlindungan hukum, penanggulangan tindak pidana pangan berbahaya saat ini. Penelitian ini bermanfaat secara teoritis dan Praktis. Jenis penelitian Yuridis Normatif, Analisis bahan hukum secara kualitatif diuraikan secara deskriptif analitis dan preskriptif. Bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap tindak pidana peredaran pangan berbahaya di Indonesia diatur dalam Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen secara umum dan Undang-Undang Pangan secara khusus. Di Tiongkok diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan Keamanan Pangan Republik Rakyat Tiongkok. Administrasi Makanan dan Obat-Obatan Negara China SFDA bertanggung jawab mengawasi dan mengoordinasikan lembaga kesehatan, makanan, dan obat-obatan. Tiap negara perlu memperhatikan sistem perlindungan hukum yang diterapkan dan memberi hukuman yang berat kepada pelaku sehingga memberikan efek jera. Upaya Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Peredaran Pangan Berbahaya di Indonesia dilakukan dengan Upaya Pre-Entif, Preventif dan Represif. Ditiongkok menerapkan hukuman pidana penjara dan denda, dan adanya pengawasan oleh SFDA. Diperlukan upaya memberi pemahaman bagaimana pangan yang berbahaya kepada masyarakat agar dapat mengurangi resiko pangan berbahaya.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempersulit Proses Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Notaris Yang Melakukan Pelanggaran Kode Etik Notaris
Authors: Nadia Nanda , Rizanizarli Rizanizarli , Rinaldi Yanis
Published: February 2023

Penggunaan media sosial dan situs internet oleh Notaris telah diatur di dalam Pasal 4 ayat (3) Kode Etik Notaris yang mana membatasi Notaris untuk tidak melakukan publikasi dan promosi diri seperti mencantumkan nama dan jabatannya, menggunakan sarana media cetak dana tau elektronik dalam bentuk iklan, ucapan selamat, ucapan belasungkawa, ucapan terima kasih, kegiatan pemasaran, kegiatan sponsor, baik dalam bidang sosial, keagamaan maupun olahraga. Namun dalam praktiknya masih saja ada Notaris yang melakukan pelanggaran terhadap ketentuan tersebut. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempersulit proses penegakan hukum terhadap Notaris yang melakukan pelanggaran Kode Etik Notaris. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempersulit proses penegakan hukum terhadap Notaris yang melakukan pelanggaran kode etik Notaris adalah rendahnya integritas moral Notaris, kurangnya pengawasan Notaris yang ketat, terbatasnya dana anggaran dan sarana prasarana, terbatasnya kewenangan Majelis Pengawas dan Majelis Kehormatan Notaris dan terakhir adalah pasifnya partisipasi masyarakat.
Problematika Penegakan Hukum Perbuatan Menyebarkan Berita Bohong Dan Menyesatkan Terkait Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Aman Serah Yenny , Yuliastini Anita , Setiawati Rini
Published: February 2023

Artikel ini mengupas persoalan bagaimana virus corona atau dikenal dengan istilah covid-19 ini berimplikasi terhadap persoalan komunikasi dan informasi, dimana faktanya terdapat beberapa kasus di Kalimantan Barat yang berujung ke ranah hukum karena bersentuhan sebagai perbuatan yang dilarang di dalam Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (ITE). Realitasnya dibalik pandemi covid-19 terdapat beberapa kasus yang harus ditangani Aparat Kepolisian karena penyebaran informasi tidak benar/hoax terkait covid-19 melalui media sosial yang menimbulkan kepanikan masyarakat. Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah faktor-faktor apa yang menjadi kendala dalam penegakan hukum perbuatan menyebarkan berita bohong dan menyesatkan terkait pandemi Covid-19 serta upaya apa yang harus dilakukan dalam penanganannya. Melalui penelitian socio-legal dengan pendekatan secara kualitatif, diperoleh hasil penelitian bahwa ketidakjelasan dalam rumusan unsur pasal terkait perbuatan menyebarkan berita bohong dan menyesatkan di dalam Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, terutana dalam rumusan unsur pasal yang dapat dikenakan UU ITE sebagai berita bohong/hoax tersebut adalah unsur merugikan konsumen. Unsur mana tidak ada penjelasan yang tegas apa makna merugikan konsumen akibat berita bohong tersebut, sehingga dapat menimbulkan missintepretasi. Missintepretasi inilah menjadi penyebab kendala dalan penanganan hukumnya, sehingga diperlukan suatu penjelasan yang tegas di dalam perumusan normanya. Rekomendasi dari hasil penelitian ini perlunya perubahan terhadap UU Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik terkait unsur penyebaran berita bohong dan menyesatkan yang dapat menimbulkan kerugian konsumen. Terlebih mendasari fakta sosiologis bahwa perbuatan penyebaran berita bohong (hoax) dan menyesatkan semakin marak terjadi di tengah masyarakat, termasuk di tengah marakya pandemi covid-19