bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of rural tourism in the area of Brčko District using multi-criterial decision-making methods
Authors: Nedeljković Miroslav , Puška Adis , Đurić Aleksandar , Polcyn Jan
Published: February 2023

The aim of the research in the paper is to evaluate the state of rural settlements in Brčko District with regard to the development of rural tourism. Together with the Tourism Department of the Brčko District, five experts from the field of tourism were selected and they evaluated the current state of rural settlements in this part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The evaluations were processed using the fuzzy approach with the SWARA (Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis) multi-criteria decision-making method. Using this method, the weights of the used criteria were determined, representing the degree of development of conditions in rural settlements. The results showed that "rural facilities and services" are the best developed in rural settlements, while the criteria related to feelings and experiences are the least developed. Based on this research, it is possible to implement measures to strengthen certain criteria that have not been adequately developed in order to further improve rural tourism in Brčko District.
Revelando rasgos del trastorno límite de la personalidad en una muestra comunitaria de adolescentes portugueses
Authors: Carreiras Diogo , Castilho Paula , Cunha Marina
Published: February 2023

Revelando rasgos del trastorno límite de la personalidad en una muestra comunitaria de adolescentes portugueses
Resumen. Los rasgos del trastorno límite de la personalidad se pueden identificar en la adolescencia y pueden poseer una expresión psicopatológica. Este estudio pretendió caracterizar los rasgos del trastorno límite de la personalidad en adolescentes portugueses de la población general. La muestra incluyó 1005 adolescentes (586 chicas), Medad =15.35 años. Las chicas presentaron rasgos del trastorno límite más altos que los chicos y no se encontraron diferencias entre los grupos de edad. Los rasgos del trastorno límite más prevalentes fueron sentimientos de abandono e intensidad emocional. Los rasgos del trastorno límite mostraron una correlación negativa con el rendimiento escolar y correlaciones positivas con síntomas psicopatológicos. El modelo de regresión indicó que la impulsividad, la ideación suicida, el estrés y la depresión fueron los predictores significativos de la sintomatología de la personalidad límite. Estos resultados muestran la importancia de evaluar los rasgos del trastorno límite de personalidad en edades tempranas y de la prevención.
Palabras clave: Rasgos limite de la personalidad; psicopatología; adolescencia.
Información sobre los indicadores métricos de la Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica
Authors: Sandín Ferrero Bonifacio
Published: February 2023

Información sobre los indicadores métricos de la Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica (2022)
Optimization of energy and time predicts dynamic speeds for human walking
Authors: Carlisle Rebecca Elizabeth , Kuo Arthur D
Published: February 2023

Humans make a number of choices when they walk, such as how fast and for how long. The preferred steady walking speed seems chosen to minimize energy expenditure per distance traveled. But the speed of actual walking bouts is not only steady, but rather a time-varying trajectory, which can also be modulated by task urgency or an individual’s movement vigor. Here we show that speed trajectories and durations of human walking bouts are explained better by an objective to minimize Energy and Time, meaning the total work or energy to reach destination, plus a cost proportional to bout duration. Applied to a computational model of walking dynamics, this objective predicts dynamic speed vs. time trajectories with inverted U shapes. Model and human experiment (N=10) show that shorter bouts are unsteady and dominated by the time and effort of accelerating, and longer ones are steadier and faster and dominated by steady-state time and effort. Individual-dependent vigor may be characterized by the energy one is willing to spend to save a unit of time, which explains why some may walk faster than others, but everyone may have similar-shaped trajectories due to similar walking dynamics. Tradeoffs between energy and time costs can predict transient, steady, and vigor-related aspects of walking.
Combined saline and vildagliptin induced M2 macrophage polarization in hepatic injury induced by acute kidney injury
Authors: Amin Shaimaa N. , Sakr Hader I. , El Gazzar Walaa B. , Shaltout Sherif A. , Ghaith Hazem S. , Elberry Dalia A.
Published: February 2023

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent medical condition accompanied by mutual affection of other organs, including the liver resulting in complicated multiorgan malfunction. Macrophages play a vital role during tissue injury and healing; they are categorized into “classically activated macrophages” (M1) and “alternatively activated macrophages” (M2). The present study investigated and compared the conventional fluid therapy vs Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor (DPP-4i) vildagliptin on the liver injury induced by AKI and evaluated the possible molecular mechanisms. Thirty rats comprised five groups (n = 6 rats/group): control, AKI, AKI+saline (received 1.5 mL of normal saline subcutaneous injection), AKI+vildagliptin (treated with oral vildagliptin 10 mg/kg), AKI+saline+vildagliptin. AKI was induced by intramuscular (i.m) injection of 50% glycerol (5 ml/kg). At the end of the work, we collected serum and liver samples for measurements of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), tumor necrotic factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-10 (IL-10). Liver samples were processed for assessment of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) as a marker for M1, arginase 1 (Arg-1) as an M2 marker, c-fos, c-Jun, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), activator protein 1 (AP-1), and high-mobility-group-box1 (HMGB1) protein. The difference was insignificant regarding the relative expression of AP-1, c-Jun, c-fos, MAPK, and HMGB between the AKI+saline group and the AKI+Vildagliptin group. The difference between the same two groups concerning the hepatic content of the M1 marker (iNOS) and the M2 marker Arg-1 was insignificant. However, combined therapy produced more pronounced changes in these markers, as the difference in their relative expression between the AKI+saline+Vildagliptin group and both the AKI+saline group and the AKI+Vildagliptin group was significant. Accordingly, we suggest that the combined saline and vildagliptin hepatoprotective effect involves the downregulation of the MAPK/AP-1 signaling pathway.
Breviscapine alleviates podocyte injury by inhibiting NF-κB/NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Sun Linlin , Ding Miao , Chen Fuhua , Zhu Dingyu , Xie Xinmiao
Published: February 2023

Podocyte injury is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of diabeticnephropathy (DN). Emerging evidence has demonstrated that breviscapine (Bre) exerts a renoprotective effect on diabetic rats. However, the effects of Bre on regulating podocyte injury under high glucose (HG) conditions remain unclear. In this study, an experimental mouse model of DN was induced by intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (STZ) in vivo. The effects of Bre on podocyte injury were assessed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, TdT-mediated dUTPnick-endlabelling (TUNEL) staining, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT‒PCR) and western blot analysis. We found that renal function was significantly decreased in diabetic mice, and this effect was blocked by Bre treatment. Bre effectively increased podocyte viability and inhibited HG-induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, Bre ameliorated HG-induced podocyte injury, as evidenced by decreased α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression and increased podocin and synaptopodin expression. Mechanistically, Bre inhibited HG-induced nuclear factorkappaB (NF-κB) signalling activation and subsequently decreased NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, resulting in a decrease in pyroptosis. Pharmacological inhibition of NLRP3 decreased HG-induced podocyte injury, whereas the NLRP3 agonist abrogated the effects of Bre on inhibiting podocyte injury. In summary, these results demonstrate that Bre alleviates HG-induced podocyte injury and improves renal function in diabetic mice, at least in part by inhibiting NF-κB/NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis.
Genome-wide identification and analysis of the evolution and expression pattern of the HVA22 gene family in three wild species of tomatoes
Authors: Zhao LaiPeng , Wang Baike , Yang Tao , Yan Huizhuan , Yu Qinghui , Wang Juan
Published: February 2023

Wild tomato germplasm is a valuable resource for improving biotic and abiotic stresses in tomato breeding. The HVA22 is widely present in eukaryotes and involved in growth and development as well as stress response, such as cold, salt, drought, and biotic stress. In the present study, we identified 45 HVA22 genes in three wild species of tomatoes. The phylogenetic relationships, gene localization to chromosomes, gene structure, gene collinearity, protein interactions, and cis-acting element prediction of all 45 HVA22 genes (14 in Solanum pennellii, 15 in S. pimpinellifolium, and 16 in S. lycopersicoides) were analyzed. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the all HVA22 proteins from the family Solanaceae were divided into three branches. The identified 45 HVA22 genes were grouped into four subfamilies, which displayed similar number of exons and expanded in a fragmentary replication manner. The distribution of HVA22 genes on the chromosomes of the three wild tomato species was also highly similar. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR revealed that HVA22 genes were expressed in different tissues and induced by drought, salt, and phytohormone treatments. These results might be useful for explaining the evolution, expression patterns, and functional divergence of HVA22 genes in Lycopersicon.
Rapid and Reliable Detection of Lithium in Water Sources Using Surface Enhanced Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (SENLIBS) on Aluminium Substrate
Authors: Tezcan Tugba , Sezer Banu , Tamer Ugur , Boyaci Ismail Hakki
Published: February 2023

Lithium is one of the most important materials in re-chargeable battery as well as pharmaceutical and automotive industry. Due to the increasing demand for lithium for industrial production and daily usage, the reliable detection and recovery of lithium, a non-renewable metal, from water resources is an essential requirement. In this work, we performed lithium detection using surface enhanced laser induced breakdown spectroscopy on aluminium (Al) substrate for three different matrices, sea, river and municipal water. We also examined the matrix effect on sensitivity of lithium detection. Lithium spiked samples in different concentration (0- 100 ppm) was dried on an Al surface. The specific emission line of Li 670 nm was used for quantitative analysis. The intensity of Li was obtained about 15 times on Al substrate better than microscope glass. The limit of detection (LOD) value achieved to 0.138 ppm. No significant matrix effect was observed in the different water sources. Good reliability was obtained for intra and inter-day precision methods with RSD is <3.7% and<7.3% respectively in all water samples. Total analysis time including sample preparation is approximately in 1 min. We demonstrated that SENLIBS method provides rapid, high accuracy and repeatability of sensitive Li detection in different water sources.
Brief Comments on Common Plant Choices of Bioretention Based on Different Green Infrastructures (GI) Sites Characteristics
Authors: Miao Ruilin
Published: February 2023

This article describes the plant selection for Bioretention, a common category of green infrastructure, and how it relates to the functions of bio-retentions. Bio-retentions are type of green infrastructures, focusing on controlling runoffs and then infiltrations with flexible configurations, allowing different plant choices function in different ways, which are briefly commented by this article. Information from a BMP (Best-Management practice) mapping tool, including summary reports about bio-retention sites’ characteristics, rainfall and runoff volume are used as primary source of data in this study. Four sites were selected with relatively integrate summary reports (with enough important information including plant coverage and rate of impervious) and summarized the reports into table form. We compare details through the summary table. Overall, designing and choosing plants for bio-retentions are many-sided, and the existing plant choices fits respective sites’ characteristics. Further research can focus on subjoining parameters and applying statistical models to the summarized dataset.
An Analysis of Sugarcane Farming and Jaggery Production in Narsinghpur District of Madhya Pradesh vis-a-vis Growers' Characteristics and Economic Motivations
Authors: Singh Kourav Prashant , Bisht Kamini , Singh P. K.
Published: February 2023

The study was conducted in the Narsinghpur district of Madhya Pradesh, encompassing all five tehsils of the district. The findings of the study revealed that the majority of sugarcane growers were middle-aged and had a graduation degree. The average land holding size was medium and the area cultivated for sugarcane production was also 1.01 to 2.00 hectares. Sugarcane growers had medium-level experience in cultivation and processing, and the average size of their jaggery unit was medium. They earned medium income from both jaggery and sugarcane sales, and sold jaggery primarily through commission agents at the regular market yard. Approximately 67.67% of the growers had received training in sugarcane production technology, while 85.78% had received training in processing and value addition. The average jaggery unit had medium functionality and employed 15 workers. Over 80% of the growers stated that the profitability in processing sugarcane was the main reason for their diversion towards processing and value addition.
Assessment of the Current Status of Milk Production and Farm-level Milk Losses among Smallholder Dairy Farmers in Mogotio Sub-county, Baringo County
Authors: Siele J. , Nkurumwa A. , Maina S.
Published: February 2023

Smallholder dairy farmers account for up to 80% of total dairy producers and 56% of total milk production in Kenya. The reduction of farm level milk losses at the farm level is a critical point in the milk supply chain where improvements can contribute to increased income.

The target population included 840 accessible smallholder dairy farmers and 120 dairy farmers who were purposefully sampled as study respondents during the baseline survey. Thirty farmers were purposefully chosen to participate in focus group discussions. A structured questionnaire, Focus Group Discussion guides, and a Key Informant Interview schedule were used to collect data. Focus Group Discussions and Expert Interviews yielded qualitative data. The data's reliability was then estimated using Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient, a measure of internal consistency. Data analysis required the application of both descriptive and inferential statistics. T-tests and the Pearson chi-square test of independence were used for inferential statistics, while measures of central tendency, dispersion and proportions analysis were used for descriptive statistics. According to the findings of the study, the most common milk losses included spillage (30%), excessive consumption by the calves (22%), spoilage (19%) and non-collection of milk due to free-range grazing (17%). Furthermore, most of the farmers (67%) used plastic milk containers. This is worrying because despite a wide variety of plastics existing it is only a few of them that are food grade approved. Microbial contamination through calf suckling is predominant with (71%) practicing free suckling methods which is known to reduce milk yield through milk rejection. The purpose of the study was to assess the current status of milk production and farm-level milk losses among smallholder dairy farmers in Mogotio Sub-county, Baringo County.
Capture Area Compatibility with Map of Fishery Potential Area Based on Chlorophyl-a and Sea Surface Temperature in Aru Sea Waters-Indonesia
Authors: . Yusrizal , Rama Safari Muhamad , Saputra Aman , Kusumo Efyjanto R. M. Tonny , Basith Abdul , Triyono Heri
Published: February 2023

The Republic of Indonesia's Fisheries Management Area (Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Negara Republik Indonesia) marine waters is an area with high capture fisheries potential, reaching 20% of the national fish potential. Fishing is often hampered by the lack of information related to Fishing Potential Zones, resulting in reduced efficiency. The solution offered is to utilize geographic information systems (GIS) or remote sensing with aqua MODIS satellite images of chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature as data for mapping potential fishing zones. The objectives of this research are to understand the operation of purse seines, analyze the influence of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a on purse seine catches, and determine the level of suitability of fishing areas with maps of potential fishing zones. To answer the objective, non-experimental based applied research was conducted with a case study approach, survey method and correlation approach to determine the effect of chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature variables on catches. The tools used hardware, namely laptops and computers with the software needed research are SEADAS, SAGA, QGIS, Ms. Excel and SPSS. Data on the distribution of and chlorophyll-a used in the study are data from Aqua MODIS level 1x1 kilometer resolution downloaded on the page https://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/.

As for the results of statistical testing, there is an influence of chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature simultaneously and partially on the catch by giving an influence of 73.6%. With the distribution of chlorophyll-a concentration and sea surface temperature in the KM fishing area. The level of conformity of fishing areas with maps of potential fishing zones on fishing trips from December 2020 to April 2021 reached a percentage of conformity of 55.93% with a total catch of 209,360 Kg, indicating the selection of fishing areas by conventional skippers on KM XXX compared to the forecast of fishing areas using aqua MODIS satellite imagery remote sensing technology can be categorized as good even though it only relies on experience and information about fishing areas from other vessels.
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Nutritional Assessment in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Elzayat Noura Elsayed , El-barky Amany Mahmoud , El-Nabi Hend Hassan Abd , El-Shafiey Rasha Mohamed , Yousef Yousef Fouad
Published: February 2023

Background: Malnutrition and growth failure are major problems among children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). No single metric can describe their nutritional status; therefore, a series of indices and methods are required for evaluation.

Aim of the Work: Evaluation of the nutritional status of children with CKD using dietetic history, anthropometric measurements, biochemical parameters and BIA.

Methods:  This case-control study was conducted on forty CKD children (stages 3-5) from those attending Pediatric Department, Tanta University Hospitals between March 2021 and February 2022 in comparison to forty healthy control children. All were subjected to: dietetic history, anthropometric measurements including (weight, height, body mass index, mid-arm circumference, skin fold thickness), BIA using TANITA Body Composition Analyzer MC-980 MA-N plus III device and laboratory investigations: (CBC, urea, creatinine, ABG, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, parathormone hormone, serum proteins, albumin and 24hrs urinary proteins).

Results: CKD children had significantly lower caloric intake and other nutrient consumption including protein, carbohydrate and fat intake (p < 0.05), significantly lower anthropometric measurements including weight, height, body mass index, skinfold thickness and mid-arm circumference than controls (p < 0.05) and significantly lower in BIA measurements including fat mass (FM), fat free mass (FFM), muscle mass (MM), total body water (TBW) and bone mass (BM) than controls. There was significant positive correlation between caloric intake and protein intake with FFM, MM, SMM, BM, TBW and BMR, also there was significant positive correlation between serum albumin and FFM, MM, SMM, BM and TBW in CKD patients.

Conclusions: CKD children had low caloric and protein intake, low body composition parameters, so good nutritional assessment and improvement of their nutritional status is very important. BIA could be used with dietary assessment and anthropometric measurements to achieve more accurate nutritional evaluation in CKD children.
Evaluation of Coil-Induction, Foil-Capacity and Growth in Pot Plant Batteries
Authors: J-T Strömberg Lena , Benhmidene Ali
Published: February 2023

The paper concerns experiments and quantitative modelling for sub-power in electricity and the response of plants to such actions. Electric components attached to and integrated in pot plant batteries were constructed and tested. Magnification of power was obtained, for cupper-coils attached to an Al-foil-drum. A model with Hamiltonian dynamics gives a phase space with several energies as the system sub-divides into increased frequencies and amplitudes.
Assessment of Microbial Load and Multidrug-Resistant Profile of Bacterial Flora from Cattle in Bauchi, Nigeria
Authors: Peter M. , Iliyasu M. Y. , Wali M. M. , Sahal M. R. , Inusa T. , Ismai’l S. , Umar R. D. , Tahir H. , Kabeer Z. M.
Published: February 2023

Aim: The study aimed to assess the bacterial load of in rectal swabs from cattle by isolating Enterococcus spp and Escherichia coli, and determining the multidrug-resistant pattern of the isolates.

Study Design: The study is a clinical-veterinary laboratory investigation involving the isolation and determination of the multidrug-resistant (MDR) profile of Enterococcus spp and E. coli isolated from cattle rectal.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the Yelwa and Gubi campuses Farm centers of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University (ATBU), Bauchi, Nigeria, in period extended from  April to June 2021.

Methodology: Fresh rectal swab samples were collected from the randomly selected cattle and labeled. The samples were immediately transported and processed in the Microbiology laboratory at Yelwa Campus, and the bacterial load of each sample was determined using standard techniques. Enterococcus spp and E. coli were isolated using differential culture media followed by an appropriate biochemical identification test. The isolates were subjected to the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.

Results: In Yelwa, the highest microbial load is 2.7 x 1012 CFU/g. while the lowest microbial load is 2.0 x 1012 CFU/g.  In the Gubi campus, the highest microbial load is 3.4 x 1012 CFU/g. while the lowest microbial load is 2.7 x 1012 CFU/g. Both in Yelwa and Gubi ,the result showed that most isolates of Enterococcus spp and E. coli are multidrug-resistant. In Yalwa some of the isolates showed 100% resistance against Norfloxacin, Rifampicin, Ampicillin, and Streptomycin, while Gentamycin gave the lowest multidrug resistance (57.4%). In Gubi, the highest was to ampicillin with (90.6%) frequency, while the lowest resistance was found in Chloramphenicol (11.3%). In Yelwa, a high percentage resistance (92.6%) was observed in Streptomycin, and Cephalexin has the lowest (20.4%). In Gubi, all the E. coli isolates had 100% resistance against sulfamethoxazole, and the lowest was in Ofloxacin (43.4%).

Conclusion: This study found that cattle in the area are reservoirs of bacteria that are both part of the normal flora and opportunistic pathogens, and harbored resistance phenotypes. It is therefore advocated that the use of these animals’ faeces as manure should be done with caution, particularly after pre-treatments.
Comparative Anti-plasmodial and Cytotoxic Effect of the Methanolic Extracts of Leaves, Stem Bark and Roots of Annickia affinis
Authors: Ali Zouleha , Fokou Jean Baptiste Hzounda , Ngoule Charles Christian , Nguedia Jules Clement Assob , Meva François Eya’ane , Noundou Xavier Siwe , Marguerite Etame Loe Gisèle Marie , Teinkela Jean Emmanuel Mbosso
Published: February 2023

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the in vitro anti-plasmodial and cytotoxic effect of the methanolic extracts from leaves, stem bark and roots of Annickia affinis.

Study Design: This is an experimental study.

Place and Duration of Study: The work was conducted at the Pharmacochemistry and Natural Substances Laboratories of the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala for the extraction and at the Biomedical Chemistry Research Center of Rhodes University in South Africa for the antimalarial and cytotoxic essay. All the experiments were carried out from the 15th October 2019 to the 31th July 2020.

Methodology: The anti-plasmodial test was performed on Plasmodium falciparum sensitive strains 3D7 while cytotoxicity was evaluated on the HeLa cell line.

Results: The anti-plasmodial tests revealed that the roots and the stem bark exhibited a moderate anti-plasmodial effect with IC50 of 19.7 ± 0.8 and 12.1 ± 0.8 µg/ml respectively. The anti-plasmodial effects of the leaves were classified as low (33.7 ± 1.9 µg/ml). At up to 50 µg/ml, all the extracts showed a high rate of survival among the HeLa cells. No effect was observed with the leaf extracts (100% of survival).

Conclusion: This is the first report on the cytotoxic study and comparative anti-plasmodial effect of Annikia affinis. It highlights the potential of Annickia affinis as an important source of anti-plasmodial drugs with less cytotoxic in vitro. In agreement with the use in traditional medicine, the stem bark was more active than wood, while leaves showed low activity.
Effect of Sowing Time and Integrated Nitrogen Management on Yield and Post-harvest Soil Nutrient Status of Black Glutinous Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Abonmai Tabuiliu , Luikham Edwin
Published: February 2023

Aim: To study the effect of sowing time and integrated nitrogen management on yield and post-harvest soil nutrient status of black glutinous maize (Zea mays L.).

Study Design: Factorial randomized block design (FRBD).

Place and Duration of Study: Experimental field of College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur, pre-kharif season of 2018.

Methodology: The treatment consisted of four different integrated nitrogen management practices and three sowing dates.

Results: The result revealed that maximum cob length (16.97cm), cob girth (15.71cm), test weight (257g), grain yield (32.9 q/ha) and shelling % (80.31%) was observed in the treatment N3         (RDN- 75% through urea + 25% through FYM) among different integrated nitrogen management practices. The highest yield among different sowing dates was recorded on plants sown on 9th April (28.23 q/ha). The different integrated nitrogen management showed significant difference in residual nutrients and organic carbon in soil. Maximum available nitrogen (275.97 kg/ha), phosphorus (19.21 kg/ha), potassium (210.05 kg/ha) and organic carbon (1.10%) were observed in treatment N4 (RDN- 100% through FYM). Lowest values of nutrients under study were observed in treatment N1 where the crop received only chemical fertilizer.
Descriptions of Knowledge, Attitude, and Action of Community in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Prevention in RW 10 Cawang Urban Village, East Jakarta
Authors: Suryanegara Wiradi , Rawati Iglesia , . Ronny
Published: February 2023

Dengue fever is still a health issue in Indonesia. The persistent problem is inconsistent preventative behavior. The research design was descriptive by observing descriptions of knowledge, attitude, and community action in DHF prevention in RW 10 Cawang Urban Village, East Jakarta. The research result showed that the knowledge level of the respondents was good (80,8%), adequate (16,7%), and poor (2,5%). The attitude of the respondents was good (78,3%), adequate (15%), and poor (6,7%). The DBD prevention action of the respondents was good (50,8%), adequate (29,2%), and poor (20%). The community's knowledge level, attitude, and action were in the category of good.
Identification of Diatoms in the Upstream, Middle, and Downstream Ciliwung River as a Diagnostic Tool for Drowning
Authors: E. A. Pellondo'u P. Theza , Ana Toya Rambu , Novelyn Silphia
Published: February 2023

Drowning is death caused by asphyxia due to the aspiration of fluids into the airways or lungs, resulting in airway obstruction within 24 hours. One of the examinations to establish the diagnosis of drowning victims is a laboratory examination of diatom identification. This research aims to know the morphological description and types of diatoms that live along the Upper, Middle, and Lower Ciliwung Watersheds, to facilitate the identification of drowning victims found in the Ciliwung River. The research design is qualitative descriptive. The data in this study were the results of observations and analysis of Ciliwung river water samples at the Research Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Indonesian Christian University. The study's results found 17 different species at the Katulampa Dam, 19 at the Ciliwung Bridge, and 14 at the Manggarai Sluice Gate. From a total of 22 species of diatoms found, overall, the widest distribution was Nitzschia sp, Navicula sp, Fragilaria sp, and Cyclotella sp. The distribution and types of diatoms found are closely related to current velocity and water discharge, temperature, and river turbidity.
Prevalence of Some Diarrhea Pathogens among under 5, in Wad Medani Pediatric Teaching Hospital, Gezira State, Sudan
Authors: Ibrahim Ali Babekir Rehab , Mergani Adil , Mohamed Elshiekh Mohamed Yousuf , Mohamed Nour Bakri Yosif
Published: February 2023

Infections of gastrointestinal tract are the most frequent diseases worldwide.  Infectious diarrhea is a major public health problem and remains one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality among infants and children especially in developing countries. The symptoms of gastroenteritis include diarrhea and vomiting which may lead to severe dehydration and even death. The aim of this study was to identify some diarrheal pathogen among under five children attending to wad Medani Pediatric Teaching hospital during January 2021 to march 2022. Total of 384  stool samples were collected from children suffering from diarrhea and were tested using culture with biochemical test, direct examination by wet preparation and staining techniques. Moreover, screen Rotavirus by Ag ICT were used to determine their prevalence. The data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results showed that the prevalence of pathogens were 196 samples (51%). The prevalence of pathogens showed that (29.6 %) was Giardia lamblia, (19.9%) was Cryptosporidium, (13.3%) was Rotaviruses, (12.2%) was Escherichia coli,( 9.7%) was Schigella species,( 8.7%) was Entamoeba histolytica and (6.6% )was Salmonella species. From those infected patients,( 56.1%) had fever, (76%) had vomiting. Also, (39.3%) were resides in urban while( 60.7%) resides in rural situation. About (42.9 % )had severe dehydration, (60% )acute diarrhea and (40%) chronic diarrhea , (87.8%) of children was take Rota vaccine and (70%) of mother not use soap to cleaning the children and think diarrhea not infectious disease it cause by teething. In conclusion most of diarrhea cause by parasitic infections mostly in poor family that not able to provide safety water and sanitation and low education of mother also some children suffer from malnutrition which decrease immunity and give chance to infection (Cryptosporidium).

In Recommendation, health education about diarrhea disease in child important for mother to prevention, attention should be Payed proper to hygienic measure such as hand washing, safe disposal of feces and disinfection of contaminated surface to reduce the risk of infections agents transmission.
Post Traumatic Epilepsy with Sequel of Frontal Contusion and Spontaneous Regression of Extradural Hematoma; Clinical Case and Review of the Literature
Authors: Fondop Joseph , Foagouo Koagne , Fred Dikongue Dikongue , Faustin Atemkeng Tsatedem , Alain Djam Chefor , Mathieu Motah , Stéphane Fuentes , Paul Djientcheu Vincent De , Fuentes Stephane
Published: February 2023

Post traumatic epilepsy are frequent complications of moderate and severe head injuries, they are found in hemorrhagic contusions and hematomas. Several isolated or associated mechanisms are involved in the occurrence of these convulsions (increased inflammatory markers, neuronal cell death, altered blood-brain barrier, changes in astrocytes, and glucose metabolism dysregulation changes in synaptic abundance and function).The first attacks can occur more than 2 years after the head trauma or after cranial surgery. Preventive treatment does not change the course of the disease. Treatment with Valproate and levetiracetam were also compared to phenytoin and no benefit was found in recovery.

The particularity of our patient is the severe head trauma, with regressive frontal contusion with secular lesions, followed by the appearance at nearly three and a half months of the trauma of a fronto-parietal extradural hematoma with mass effect which resolved spontaneously. Two and three years after the trauma, he developed generalized epilepsy, suggesting post-traumatic epilepsy following the sequelae of the hemorrhagic contusion or the extradural hematoma, or the sequelae of these associated lesions. These seizures were treated with sodium valproate. This clinical case challenges clinicians to monitor in severe head injuries the occurrence of complications such as epilepsy that can occur beyond 2 years.
The Unsustainable Resistance to Disruptive Physics and a New Look at Cosmology and Thermodynamics
Authors: Serpa Nilo Silvio Costa
Published: February 2023

This article performs a synthesis of two disruptive theories that seek to describe the ultimate nature of the universe. The first deals with the physical continuity of the expansion of the four-dimensional cosmic woof. The second describes the expansion energy of the continuum with the aid of a Lagrangian approach to the intrinsic thermodynamics assumed. The proposal intends to fill the gap between the continuous and discontinuousimages of the universe, discussing topics as follows:1. Continuity in physics; 2. Space-time; 3. Entropy; 4. Thermal expansion of the universe.The explanatory content is organized like this:1 Introduction — familiarization of the reader with the philosophy of the proposed theories and presentation ofthe general purposes;

2 How the expansion of the space-time continuum works — the theory of ever-expanding space-time (the continuous physic expansion of the cosmos), i. e., expanding regardless of the space-time scale considered, including in sub-Planckian domains;3 Understanding entropy — entropy and its role in paralel with time; introduction of the Lagrangian formalismcoupling time and energy;4 The synthesis itself — the connection of the two theories and its structuring meaning.
Care provided by nurses in assistance to patients with intestinal stoma: evidence in literature / Cuidados prestados pelo enfermeiro na assistência ao paciente com estomia intestinal: evidências na literatura
Authors: Santos Karina de Freitas
Published: February 2023

Identificar e descrever as evidências encontradas na literatura sobre os cuidados prestados pelo enfermeiro na assistência ao paciente com estomia intestinal. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura com recorte temporal de 2016 a 2020, utilizando-se os descritores ou sinônimos “Ostomia”, “Estomia” e “Cuidados de Enfermagem” cruzadas pelo indicador boleano “and”, nas línguas portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola, nas bases de dados LILACS, BVS e MEDLINE. Resultados: Após leitura do título e do resumo, selecionaram-se 9 artigos e após leitura completa, 4 artigos que articulavam com a temática foram selecionados. Nos quatro estudos foi citado os cuidados de higiene dos equipamentos e bolsas coletoras, e o esvaziamento do coletor como cuidados a serem realizados. Considerações Finais: Os cuidados de enfermagem são deficitários no que diz respeito à atenção ao paciente estomizado. É necessário desenvolver estudos que explorem a realidade do cuidado de enfermagem frente a este público.
US Food and Drug Administration Approval of Drugs Not Meeting Pivotal Trial Primary End Points, 2018-2021
Authors: Johnston James L. , Ross Joseph S. , Ramachandran Reshma
Published: February 2023

This cross-sectional study determines the frequency of and rationale for US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of drugs not meeting pivotal trial primary efficacy end points.
Targeting B Cells and Microglia in Multiple Sclerosis With Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Dybowski Sarah , Torke Sebastian , Weber Martin S.
Published: February 2023

Importance

Currently, disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) use 4 mechanisms of action: immune modulation, suppressing immune cell proliferation, inhibiting immune cell migration, or cellular depletion. Over the last decades, the repertoire substantially increased because of the conceptual progress that not only T cells but also B cells play an important pathogenic role in MS, fostered by the empirical success of B cell–depleting antibodies against the surface molecule CD20. Notwithstanding this advance, a continuous absence of B cells may harbor safety risks, such as a decline in the endogenous production of immunoglobulins. Accordingly, novel B cell–directed MS therapies are in development, such as inhibitors targeting Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK).

Observations

BTK is centrally involved in the B cell receptor–mediated activation of B cells, one key requirement in the development of autoreactive B cells, but also in the activation of myeloid cells, such as macrophages and microglia. Various compounds in development differ in their binding mode, selectivity and specificity, relative inhibitory concentration, and potential to enter the central nervous system. The latter may be important in assessing whether BTK inhibition is a promising strategy to control inflammatory circuits within the brain, the key process that is assumed to drive MS progression. Accordingly, clinical trials using BTK inhibitors are currently conducted in patients with relapsing-remitting MS as well as progressive MS, so far generating encouraging data regarding efficacy and safety.

Conclusions and Relevance

While the novel approach of targeting BTK is highly promising, several questions remain unanswered, such as the long-term effects of using BTK inhibitors in the treatment of inflammatory CNS disease. Potential changes in circulating antibody levels should be evaluated and compared with B cell depletion. Also important is the potential of BTK inhibitors to enter the CNS, which depends on the given compound. Remaining questions involve where BTK inhibitors fit in the landscape of MS therapeutics. A comparative analysis of their distinct properties is necessary to identify which inhibitors may be used in relapsing vs progressive forms of MS as well as to clarify which agent may be most suitable for sequential use after anti-CD20 treatment.
Changes in Body Mass Index Among School-Aged Youths Following Implementation of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010
Authors: Chandran Aruna , Burjak Mohamad , Petimar Joshua , Hamra Ghassan , Melough Melissa M. , Dunlop Anne L. , Snyder Brittney M. , Litonjua Augusto A. , Hartert Tina , Gern James , Alshawabkeh Akram N. , Aschner Judy , Camargo Carlos A. , Dabelea Dana , Duarte Cristiane S. , Ferrara Assiamira , Ganiban Jody M. , Gilliland Frank , Gold Diane R. , Hedderson Monique , Herbstman Julie B. , Hockett Christine , Karagas Margaret R. , Kerver Jean M. , Lee-Sarwar Kathleen A. , Lester Barry , McEvoy Cindy T. , Niu Zhongzheng , Stanford Joseph B. , Wright Rosalind , Zimmerman Emily , Farzan Shohreh , Zhang Zhumin , Knapp Emily
Published: February 2023

Importance

The prevalence of obesity among youths 2 to 19 years of age in the US from 2017 to 2018 was 19.3%; previous studies suggested that school lunch consumption was associated with increased obesity. The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 (HHFKA) strengthened nutritional standards of school-based meals.

Objective

To evaluate the association between the HHFKA and youth body mass index (BMI).

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study was conducted using data from the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes program, a nationwide consortium of child cohort studies, between January 2005 and March 2020. Cohorts in the US of youths aged 5 to 18 years with reported height and weight measurements were included.

Exposures

Full implementation of the HHFKA.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The main outcome was annual BMI z-score (BMIz) trends before (January 2005 to August 2016) and after (September 2016 to March 2020) implementation of the HHFKA, adjusted for self-reported race, ethnicity, maternal education, and cohort group. An interrupted time-series analysis design was used to fit generalized estimating equation regression models.

Results

A total of 14 121 school-aged youths (7237 [51.3%] male; mean [SD] age at first measurement, 8.8 [3.6] years) contributing 26 205 BMI measurements were included in the study. Overall, a significant decrease was observed in the annual BMIz in the period following implementation of the HHFKA compared with prior to implementation (−0.041; 95% CI, −0.066 to −0.016). In interaction models to evaluate subgroup associations, similar trends were observed among youths 12 to 18 years of age (−0.045; 95% CI, −0.071 to −0.018) and among youths living in households with a lower annual income (−0.038; 95% CI, −0.063 to −0.013).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study, HHFKA implementation was associated with a significant decrease in BMIz among school-aged youths in the US. The findings suggest that school meal programs represent a key opportunity for interventions to combat the childhood obesity epidemic given the high rates of program participation and the proportion of total calories consumed through school-based meals.
TGFβ instructs mTORC2 to activate PKCβII for increased TWIST1 expression in proximal tubular epithelial cell injury
Authors: Das Falguni , Ghosh‐Choudhury Nandini , Maity Soumya , Kasinath Balakuntalam S. , Ghosh Choudhury Goutam
Published: February 2023

The plasticity of proximal tubular epithelial cells in response to TGFβ contributes to the expression of TWIST1 to drive renal fibrosis. The mechanism of TWIST1 expression is not known. We show that both PI3 kinase and its target mTORC2 increase TGFβ‐induced TWIST1 expression. TGFβ enhances phosphorylation on Ser‐660 in the protein kinase C βII (PKCβII) hydrophobic motif site. Remarkably, phosphorylation‐deficient PKCβIIS660A, kinase‐dead PKCβII, and PKCβII knockdown blocked TWIST1 expression by TGFβ. Inhibition of TWIST1 arrested TGFβ‐induced tubular cell hypertrophy and the expression of fibronectin, collagen I (α2), and α‐smooth muscle actin. By contrast, TWIST1 overexpression induced these pathologies. Interestingly, the inhibition of PKCβII reduced these phenomena, which were countered by the expression of TWIST1. These results provide the first evidence for the involvement of the mTORC2–PKCβII axis in TWIST1 expression to promote tubular cell pathology.
Twelve weeks of self‐control training does not reduce aggression
Authors: Beames Joanne R. , Slavich Eve , Denson Thomas F.
Published: February 2023

Self‐control training (SCT) is a method of practicing self‐controlled behavior in one domain that enhances self‐controlled behavior in additional domains. We investigated whether 4 and 12 weeks of practicing self‐control would improve control over aggressive behavior. Relative to the active control group, SCT did not reduce aggression regardless of the training duration. We also did not find supportive evidence to suggest that theoretically relevant variables mediated or moderated the effects of SCT on aggression over time. Bayesian analyses showed greater support for the null hypotheses than the alternative hypothesis. Our experiment casts doubt on the long‐term effectiveness of using SCT for reducing reactive aggression. Additional research is necessary to identify the conditions under which SCT is most likely to facilitate control over aggressive behavior.
Enabling On‐Demand Conformal Zn‐Ion Batteries on Non‐Developable Surfaces
Authors: Ahn David B. , Kim Won‐Yeong , Lee Kwon‐Hyung , Lee Seong‐Sun , Kim Seung‐Hyeok , Park Sodam , Hong Young‐Kuk , Lee Sang‐Young
Published: February 2023

Conventional power sources encounter difficulties in achieving structural unitization with complex‐shaped electronic devices because of their fixed form factors. Here, it is realized that an on‐demand conformal Zn‐ion battery (ZIB) on non‐developable surfaces uses direct ink writing (DIW)‐based nonplanar 3D printing. First, ZIB component (manganese oxide‐based cathode, Zn powder‐based anode, and UV‐curable gel composite electrolyte) inks are designed to regulate their colloidal interactions to fulfill the rheological requirements of nonplanar 3D printing, and establish bi‐percolating ion/electron conduction pathways, thereby enabling geometrical synchronization with non‐developable surfaces, and ensuring reliable electrochemical performance. The ZIB component inks are conformally printed on arbitrary curvilinear substrates to produce embodied ZIBs that can be seamlessly integrated with complicated 3D objects (including human ears). The conformal ZIB exhibits a high fill factor (i.e., areal coverage of cells on underlying substrates, ≈100%) that ensures high volumetric energy density (50.5 mWh cmcell−3), which exceeds those of previously‐reported shape‐adaptable power sources.
Cu‐Modified Ti3C2Cl2 MXene with Zincophilic and Hydrophobic Characteristics as a Protective Coating for Highly Stable Zn Anode
Authors: Li Yanze , Zhu Qizhen , Xu Mengyao , Zang Biying , Wang Yue , Xu Bin
Published: February 2023

Zn anode is a promising candidate for aqueous batteries, but suffers from the dendrite growth and side reaction issues, leading to short cycling life and unsatisfactory reversibility. Herein, a Cu‐modified Ti3C2Cl2 MXene (Cu‐MXene) with high zincophilic and hydrophobic property is prepared with a one‐step molten salt etching method. Serving as a protective coating on Zn anode, the Cu‐MXene can provide massive nucleation sites and uniformize the charge distribution, leading to homogenous Zn deposition. Moreover, the hydrophobic coating can prevent the Zn anode from the aqueous electrolyte, beneficial for suppressing the side reactions such as hydrogen evolution reaction and corrosion. Therefore, the stable and reversible Zn plating/stripping is achieved for the Zn anode coated by the Cu‐MXene, which delivers an extended cycling life of over 1000 h with a low polarization within 120 mV at 10 mA cm−2, and a high coulombic efficiency of over 99.6% for 1100 cycles, indicating excellent stability and reversibility of Zn stripping/plating. The practical full cell coupled with NaV3O8·1.5H2O cathode also displays stable performance for 1000 cycles. The proposed Cu‐MXene coating reveals a promising prospect for designing highly stable Zn anode, which can also be extended to other energy storage systems based on metal anodes.