bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VM-MON: uma ferramenta multiplataforma para monitoramento de sistemas virtualizados
Authors: Suszek Fillipi , Czekster Ricardo , Webber Thais , Marcon César , Nedel Rodrigo
Published: August 2021

A escolha de soluções virtualizadas para executar diferentes sistemas em diferentes contextos tem sido uma abordagem comumente adotada para uma gama de aplicações. O uso de ambientes virtualizados é relevante e crucial, entretanto, em muitos casos estas tecnologias são escolhidas sem verificação prévia de desempenho ou outros atributos não funcionais, tais como a garantia de qualidade de serviço (QoS), resiliência, confiabilidade e escalabilidade. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste na concepção de uma ferramenta para monitorar e inspecionar sistemas virtualizados. A ideia é poder estimar as melhores configurações de software e hardware para plataformas virtualizadas sem decaimento de desempenho.
Standards for Transition from 2D Drawing to Model Based Definition in Mechanical Engineering
Authors: NARVYDAS Evaldas , PUODZIUNIENE Nomeda
Published: August 2021

The main tools of CAD: the 2D Drawing/Drafting or 3D Parametric Feature Based Solid/Surface Modelling are used for product development. CAD systems increase the quality of drawings and reduce the time for its preparation. In this process, it is very important to use the valid standards for the drawings and technical documentation. Standardization documents describing the rules, regulations and requirements of production methods, concepts, symbols, constructor’s drawings and other documents are very important in all areas of industry.
The Subcooling Effect of the Flue Gas Flow Mixture Internal Dynamic and Heating Capacity
Authors: ULDINSKAS Žilvinas , DAGILIS Vytautas
Published: August 2021

Growing environmental restrictions in energy production industry calls for greater efficiency and cleaner fuel burning processes. Biomass (wood chips) as a fuel is in great demand for boiler and power plants as it is considered widely available and relatively clean. While combining woodfuel flue gas and condensing economizers significantly raises the efficiency and makes it even more viable solution for energy production although the biomass fuel usage still has reservations in waste heat, which could be utilized. The calculation algorithm is presented for evaluation of subcooled biomass flue gas components concentration values which determine the leftover heat energy value carried by flue gas flow. Several cases of biomass quality (regarding moisture w=45%, 50%, 55% and 60%) and combustion process quality (regarding air excess value λ=1,2; 1,5; 1,8) in the flue gas temperature range of 50 to 20°C and effects for flue gas internal dynamic were examined. It was determined that water vapour amount depends only on temperature, while every other component concentration change with different air excess and temperature values. It was observed that further usage of biomass flue gas could result in up to 13% additional heat energy recovery for 1MW of fuel input, system combination together with condensing economizers could result in up to 31% of heat energy recovery.
Über die Relativität der Wahrheit im Prozess
Authors: Hyckel Jonas
Published: August 2021

Schon intuitiv tritt die Wahrheitsfindung als Grundbedingung einer höheren, prozessual zu verwirklichenden Gerechtigkeitsvorstellung in Erscheinung. Theoretische und rechtspraktische Auseinandersetzungen mit diesem Ideal neigen jedoch nicht selten dazu, die Tatsachenwahrheit als Verfahrensziel innerhalb eines insgesamt ausgewogenen Rechtsschutzsystems zu überhöhen. Die Wahrheit von der Wahrheit ist allerdings eine andere. Der Beitrag identifiziert - ausgehend von terminologischen und strukturellen Grundannahmen - den verfassungsrechtlichen Standort der Wahrheitsfindung im Prozess und sodann ihren relativen Charakter in Bezug auf andere Prozessgrundsätze. Am Beispiel konkreter Verfahrenskonstellationen will die Darstellung rechtswegübergreifend diese Abwägungsstruktur verdeutlichen und belegen, dass sich faktisch unausweichliche Gewissheitsverluste auch nach einem anspruchsvollen Gerechtigkeitsverständnis sachangemessen verfahrensrechtlich bewältigen lassen.
Are All (Corporate) Wrongdoings the Same? Large Firms, Small Sized Enterprises and the Limits of a Monistic Approach in the EU Context
Authors: Selvaggi Nicola
Published: August 2021

The article aims at understanding whether domestic legislators and EU, especially with regard to certain spheres of criminality, should be encouraged to take different approaches to corporate crimes in respect of small sized companies and broad shareholder-based companies or in any case corporations with large and developed organizations, particularly where ownership and management are drastically separated. The analysis is thus focused in the first place on the importance assigned, de jure and/or de facto, to ownership, management and size by different European legal systems. It considers then, in a more theoretical perspective, the main criticalities of the still prevailing monistic corporate criminal liability model. Finally, the concluding section contains indications for a proper allocation of responsibilities and sanctioning mechanisms.
The “Years of Lead” in Italy and Reward Models as Counterterrorism Measures in Europe
Authors: Castronuovo Donato
Published: August 2021

The subject is addressed by focusing on two aspects: i) the identification of constant political-criminal models in emergency legislation, with particular reference to the fight against terrorism; ii) diachronic and synchronic dissemination of such constants in other legal experiences, both of the past and contemporary with Italian legislation of the 1970s/1980s. The concluding paragraph will offer some brief remarks regarding the relevance of such tools today in the fight against international terrorism in Europe, taking into special consideration one of the aforesaid constants, namely, reward-based legislation aimed at so-called pentiti.
Prison Conditions and Judicial Cooperation in the EU – What Future for the European Arrest Warrant?
Authors: Martufi Adriano
Published: August 2021

This article takes stock of the recent case law of the Court of Justice of the EU concerning prison conditions. This jurisprudence, inaugurated with the landmark case Aranyosi, deserves closer attention in that it shows that the CJEU has finally developed a ‘penological’ sensibility. The article posits that the emergence of concerns regarding prison conditions transforms the way in which surrender proceedings operate. It argues that executing judicial authorities are now called on to play a more active role, having to factor in the risk of inhuman and degrading treatment in the issuing state. The criteria devised by the Court to assess such risk are analysed in detail, as they constitute an attempt to strike a balance between the protection of fundamental rights and the principle of mutual trust. The article also claims that the individualised assessment of risks by an executing authority must rely on detailed empirical information regarding prisons in the issuing state. This makes the procedure more complex as it calls for the involvement of non-judicial actors (e.g. the ministry of justice) to provide such information. Finally, the article explores how competing interests (such as the fight against impunity across the EU) interact with the overarching task of protecting the rights and dignity of requested individuals.
Terminal Sinter-Bonding Using Silver Paste for Aluminum Nitride Heater
Authors: Kim Yun-Chan , Yu Dong-Yurl , Son Junhyuk , KIm Ji-Sung , Kim Min-Su , Lee Chang-Woo , Byeon Jai-Won , Bang Junghwan
Published: August 2021

In this study, a Ag sintered joint was applied to replace the high-Pb solder to bonding materials between Aluminum Nitride (AlN) substrates and terminals used in wafer bake processes. The Ag sintered joint was fabricated using an optimized temperature profile. The high-Pb solder specimens were fabricated using a conventional reflow process. An X-ray analysis and mechanical properties evaluation of the specimens were performed. Subsequently, a high temperature storage test was performed for a high temperature reliability evaluation. The initial void analysis result showed that the Ag sintered joint and high-Pb solder joint had approximately 1%, and 20% voids, respectively. After being stored at a high temperature of 280 ℃ for 1000 h, the shear strength of the high-Pb solder joint decreased by approximately 27% owing to the Pb degradation. However, the shear strength of the Ag sintered joint was maintained. After 1000 h of a high temperature storage test, growth of Ni3Sn4 intermetallic compound and Kirkendall voids were observed at the high-Pb solder interface. Furthermore, a Ag-Au layer was observed at the sintered Ag interface. In addition, the sintered Ag joints densificated after the high temperature storage test.
Epıdemıology and Demography of Open Globe Injury In Chıldren
Authors: AVA Sedat , ERDEM Seyfettin , KARAHAN Mine , DURSUN Mehmet Emin , HAZAR Leyla , KEKLİKCİ Ugur
Published: August 2021

Objective: To reveal the epidemiology and demographics of open globe injury in children.

Methods: In the study, the medical files of 185 patients aged 15 years and younger who applied to the Dicle University

Faculty of Medicine Ophthalmology clinic between April 2017 and April 2019 with open globe injury were retrospectively

analyzed. Patients were classified according to age, gender, etiology of trauma, location of trauma, and time of trauma

and recorded.

Results: A total of 185 eyes of 185 children were included in this study. Of the 185 children, 111 (60%) were boys and

74 (40%) were girls. The mean age of the 185 patients was 7.26 ± 3.80 years. Patients applied to our hospital 1-36 hours

after the İnjury. 101 (54.5%) of the injuries were in the right eye and 84 (45.5%) in the left Regarding the localization of

injuries, there were 131 (70.8%) corneal, 32 (17.3%) corneoscleral, 9 (4.9%) limbal, and 13 (7%) scleral cases. These

injuries were most commonly caused by 92 (49.7%) metallic objects, 22 (11.9%) glass, and 17 (9.2%) wood pieces.

Regarding the time of injury, 43 (23.2%) injuries occurred during 1–3 months, 59 (31.8%) occurred during 4–6 months,

50 (27.1%) occurred during 7–9 months, and 33 (17.9%) occurred during 10–12 months. The places where the injuries

occurred were 102 (55.1%) houses, 68 (36.8%) outdoors, and 15 (8.1%) schools.

Conclusions: Open globe injuries in children were most common in boys, in the age group of 1–5 years, in the right eye,

and in the cornea as localization. It was observed that these injuries were mostly caused by metal objects in the 4th to

6th months.
In Silico Analysis of miRNA-mediated ceRNAs as Potential Molecular Biomarkers in Glioblastoma
Authors: AVSAR Orcun
Published: August 2021

Objectives: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is defined as the most frequent and lethal form of the primary brain tumors in the central nervous system (CNS) in adults. Recent studies have focused on the identification of the new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of GBM and resulted in great interest for miRNAs due to their regulatory effects in cancer pathogenesis. Thus, we aimed to characterize novel molecular biomarkers for GBM by computational analysis.
Methods: 118 miRNAs that are clinically related with glioblastoma and proven by experimentally were exported through miRTarBase database. 1016 genes projected by these 118 miRNAs were determined via ComiR database. Subsequently, the genes with transcribed ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs) in their exonic regions were designated and the genes which have potential competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) activities were extracted. Genes with remarkable expression profile differences between glioblastoma and normal brain tissues among ceRNAs that are associated with glioblastoma involving T-UCR were identified.
Results: The statistical analysis of the correlation between PBX3 and NRXN3 genes and glioblastoma was carried out by Spearman correlation test. PBX3 and NRXN3 expression was significantly higher and lower in glioblastoma than in normal brain tissues, respectively. On the other hand, the other genes did not have any remarkable differential expression pattern.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of the current study, it is determined that NRXN3 acts as a tumor suppressor gene and NRXN3 gene is downregulated in GBM. PBX3 gene functions as an oncogene and is upregulated in GBM.
Prales NPR Mionší – malakozoologický ráj v Beskydech [Virgin forest of the Mionší National Nature Reserve – a malacological Eden in the Beskydy Mts (S Moravia, Czech Republic)]
Authors: Horsák Michal , Novák Jiří , Novák Michal
Published: August 2021

The results of a more than 50 years lasting malacological survey in the Mionší NNR are published here. The virgin forest of Mionší is one of the most important forest reserves in the Czech Republic and it presents the most preserved nature of the forest mountain habitats in the Beskydy Mts. Altogether, 62 mollusc species have been recorded there and we encountered 58 of them during 1998–2005. The molluscan fauna as a whole is characteristic for its high share of Carpathian species. Some of them reach a western limit of their occurrence there (e.g. Vestia gulo). The presence of virgin forest inhabitants (Macrogastra latestriata, Bulgarica cana, Acicula parcelineata) is of prime importance. Macrogastra latestriata, an index species of climatic Holocene optimum, has its largest population within the Czech Republic here.
Příspěvek k poznání vodních měkkýšů CHKO Blaník (Česká republika) [A contribution to the knowledge of aquatic molluscs of the Blaník PLA (Czech Republic)]
Authors: Beran Luboš
Published: August 2021

This paper brings a review of a malacological survey of the Blaník Protected Landscape Area (Central Bohemia, Czech Republic). Aquatic molluscs at 35 different sites (wetlands, springs, brooks, small river, pools, ponds) were studied from 1996 to 2006. Altogether, 28 species of aquatic molluscs (14 gastropods, 14 bivalves) represented 36% of the total Czech aquatic mollusc fauna were found. The scattered population of endangered bivalve Unio crassus was confirmed in the Blanice River. A population of Gyraulus acronicus, a rare boreal element of the Czech malacofauna, was documented from one site. There an occurrence of only one non-native mollusc was confirmed at the area under study. Gyraulus parvus was identified from Býkovický Rybník pond.
Acidentes com material biológico: uma análise com profissionais de enfermagem
Authors: Forekevicz Genésio , Rossa Roberta , Schwab Adriana , Birolim Marcela Maria
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: analisar os acidentes com material biológico ocorridos com profissionais de enfermagem no Estado do Paraná em 2016. Método: estudo transversal realizado em outubro de 2018 com dados disponibilizados pelo Centro Estadual de Saúde do Trabalhador do Paraná. Utilizaram-se análises descritivas e, para as associações, o teste de qui-quadrado (p0,05). Resultados: foram analisados 2.436 casos de acidentes na equipe de enfermagem, dos quais 1.974 registrados entre técnicos e auxiliares. Houve predomínio dos acidentes em mulheres, na faixa etária de 30 a 49 anos. A forma de exposição mais frequente foi a percutânea, as circunstâncias mais referidas foram relacionadas à punção ou administração de medicação endovenosa e observou-se redução significativa do uso de equipamento de proteção individual conforme o aumento da idade, entre profissionais do nível médio. Conclusão: evidenciou-se a necessidade de elaboração de estratégias voltadas à educação permanente desses profissionais para garantir a prevenção de acidentes e/ou doenças ocupacionais.
Comparação da dor e qualidade de vida entre indivíduos com e sem neuropatia diabética
Authors: Silva Ana Catarina Guimarães , Stival Marina Morato , Funghetto Silvana Schwerz , Volpe Cris Renata Grou , Funez Mani Indiana , Lima Luciano Ramos de
Published: August 2021

Objetivo:comparar a dor e a qualidade de vida de indivíduos com e sem neuropatia diabética. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 251 participantes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Utilizou-se a escala Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (LANSS)para avaliar neuropatia diabética, características da dor, perda de sensibilidade protetora (PSP) e avaliar a qualidade de vidapelo Short-Form 6 Dimensions-Brasil/SF-6D. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva. Resultados:16,3% apresentaram neuropatia, 97,6% queixaram-se de dor, sendo a maioria crônica e nos pés ou panturrilhas. 51,2%   dos neuropáticos tiveram PSP no teste do monofilamento (p=0,001). Os descritores de dor mais referidos pelos neuropáticos: queimação (p=0,004), formigamento (p=0,002) e alfinetada e/ou agulhada (p=0,003) e os domínios de qualidade de vida afetados foram: dor, saúde mental e vitalidade. Conclusão:aqueles com neuropatia têm maior intensidade de dor, acordam à noite e apresentam alteração na sensibilidade dos pés, que pode ser rastreada na atenção primária.
Blended Learning – frem mod en ny normal på ungdomsuddannelserne
Authors: Lund-Larsen Michael , Jørgensen Søren , Andresen Bent B.
Published: August 2021

Artiklen fokuserer på, hvordan corona-nedlukning af den fysiske undervisning på ungdomsuddannelserne har ændret forudsætningerne for at implementere blended learning fremover. Disse ændrede forudsætninger forstås som en udvikling af holdninger og erfaringer hos lærere, og udviklingen er sket i kraft af, at omstændighederne har tvunget lærerne til at afprøve kombinationer af læringsteori, metoder og teknologi for at gennemføre fjernundervisning. I artiklen præsenteres resultater af en analyse af data fra en rundspørge på i alt 55 skoler. Konklusionen er, at 6 ud af 10 lærere er blevet digitalt innovative. De har været i stand til at udnytte digitale muligheder i en ekstraordinær situation og gjort sig erfaringer med nye måder at vejlede og differentiere på i undervisningen samt med alternativer til lærerstyret, formidlingsbaseret undervisning, som de forventer at overføre til en normal situation. Vi peger på blended learning som en ny normaltilstand, hvor digitalt innovative lærere, som nu findes på alle skoler, eksperimenterer med egen praksis, deler viden med kolleger og tager aktiv del i implementering af nye måder at undervise med it på.
As redes pedagógicas materializadas em narrativas docentes
Authors: Carrasco Castilho Janaina , Buena Andrade Megid Maria Auxiliadora
Published: August 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma análise de uma rede de parceiros e apoios docentes, estabelecida a partir de narrativas sobre as práticas pedagógicas realizadas por professoras atuantes em uma escola pública no decorrer do ano de 2018. Insere-se no âmbito de uma pesquisa mais ampla de doutorado que, a partir de um estudo de caso, investigou as relações de colaboração numa escola pública municipal de Ensino Fundamental I, localizada em uma cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo. Como procedimentos metodológicos, realizamos um estudo bibliográfico sobre a organização social em redes e uma pesquisa de campo, acompanhando um grupo de dez professores em atuação profissional. Foram realizadas entrevistas narrativas que abordaram as práticas pedagógicas realizadas nessa escola. A análise foi efetivada a partir de eixos temáticos que emergiram dos elementos fornecidos pelas narrativas, com os quais estabelecemos diálogos ancorados no aporte teórico do estudo bibliográfico. Os resultados revelados mediante a análise das narrativas sobre essas práticas pedagógicas evidenciaram a articulação dos professores com parceiros pertencentes a diferentes espaços e tempos sociais, com os quais estabeleceram laços por meio de experiências vividas, não somente aquelas do interior da escola, mas que extrapolam os territórios de atuação profissional. A partir dessas evidências, podemos considerar que os diferentes interlocutores que compõem a rede social do professor, e com ele estabelecem relações de trocas, potencializadas pelos avanços tecnológicos nos meios de comunicação, são os responsáveis por promover a continuidade da formação profissional docente.
Formação de professores da Educação Infantil: ressignificando as práticas docentes por meio de propostas psicocorporais
Authors: Schmidt Bersch Ângela Adriane , Lima Piske Eliane
Published: August 2021

Neste estudo, objetivamos refletir sobre a prática docente por meio de propostas psicocorporais que envolveram o lúdico e suas interfaces. As práticas docentes são aquelas mediadas pelo professor e que, no seu construto, há intencionalidades, promovendo a aprendizagem com sentido e significados. A pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo e, para a análise dos dados, utilizamos a Grounded Theory, aliada ao software Atlas.Ti. As técnicas de intervenção pedagógica aplicadas foram a Psicomotricidade Relacional e as Ginásticas Historiadas. Participaram dos encontros formativos 30 professoras da Educação Infantil do município de Rio Grande/RS. Os instrumentos que geraram os dados foram: observações das trajetórias que envolvem as atividades psicocorporais, as narrativas das participantes nos memoriais descritivos e no decorrer dos encontros, bem como imagens, filmagens e relatórios oriundos das temáticas das aulas aplicadas aos alunos das professoras. As categorias que emergiram na análise dos dados foram emoções e corpo, evidenciando que o dueto está implicado na comunicação corporal, já que não podemos separar a emoção do corpo, tampouco o corpo da emoção. As narrativas que envolveram as atividades psicocorporais — ou seja, brincar, jogar, criar, atuar, inventar, interagir com o outro e com os objetos disponibilizados — indicaram que são capazes de promover reflexões sobre a formação permanente e uma ressignificação da prática docente.
Grãos secos de destilaria de milho na recria de codornas japonesas e sua repercussão na fase de produção
Authors: Amaral Elieverson Firmiani de Freitas , Bittencourt Tatiana Marques , Lima Heder José D'Avila , Quirino Caio Silva , Pereira Isabelli Dias Brito , De Amorim Cárita Maria Magalhães
Published: August 2021

Objetivou-se avaliar a repercussão na fase de postura da utilização de diferentes níveis de inclusão de grãos secos de destilaria (DDG) de milho na dieta de codornas japonesas (Coturnix japonica) nas fases de cria e recria. Foram utilizadas 240 codornas japonesas distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, mantendo as mesmas aves utilizadas na fase de crescimento (dieta com 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% e 20% de inclusão de DDG), com cinco tratamentos, seis repetições e oito codornas por unidade experimental. Todas as aves receberam a mesma ração à base de milho e soja. As variáveis avaliadas foram: produção de ovos, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar, peso do ovo, porcentagem dos componentes (gema, casca e albúmen), altura da gema e albúmen, gravidade específica e viabilidade das aves. Os dados foram submetidos à análise pelos modelos de regressão linear e quadrática, a 5% de probabilidade, e pelo teste de Dunnet a 5% de probabilidade. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas (p > 0,05) para os parâmetros de produção e qualidade do ovo em função dos níveis de DDG utilizados na fase de crescimento. A inclusão do DDG de milho na dieta de codornas japonesas na fase de crescimento não foi capaz de influenciar o desempenho e qualidade dos ovos na fase de postura.
NHR-8 and P-glycoproteins uncouple xenobiotic resistance from longevity in chemosensory C. elegans mutants
Authors: Guerrero Gabriel A , Derisbourg Maxime J , Mayr Felix AMC , Wester Laura E , Giorda Marco , Dinort J Eike , Hartman Matías D , Schilling Klara , Alonso-De Gennaro María José , Lu Ryan J , Benayoun Bérénice A , Denzel Martin S
Published: August 2021

Longevity is often associated with stress resistance, but whether they are causally linked is incompletely understood. Here we investigate chemosensory-defective Caenorhabditis elegans mutants that are long-lived and stress resistant. We find that mutants in the intraflagellar transport protein gene osm-3 were significantly protected from tunicamycin-induced ER stress. While osm-3 lifespan extension is dependent on the key longevity factor DAF-16/FOXO, tunicamycin resistance was not. osm-3 mutants are protected from bacterial pathogens, which is pmk-1 p38 MAP kinase dependent, while TM resistance was pmk-1 independent. Expression of P-glycoprotein (PGP) xenobiotic detoxification genes was elevated in osm-3 mutants and their knockdown or inhibition with verapamil suppressed tunicamycin resistance. The nuclear hormone receptor nhr-8 was necessary to regulate a subset of PGPs. We thus identify a cell-nonautonomous regulation of xenobiotic detoxification and show that separate pathways are engaged to mediate longevity, pathogen resistance, and xenobiotic detoxification in osm-3 mutants.
Parallel evolution between genomic segments of seasonal human influenza viruses reveals RNA-RNA relationships
Authors: Jones Jennifer E , Le Sage Valerie , Padovani Gabriella H , Calderon Michael , Wright Erik S , Lakdawala Seema S
Published: August 2021

The influenza A virus (IAV) genome consists of eight negative-sense viral RNA (vRNA) segments that are selectively assembled into progeny virus particles through RNA-RNA interactions. To explore putative intersegmental RNA-RNA relationships, we quantified similarity between phylogenetic trees comprising each vRNA segment from seasonal human IAV. Intersegmental tree similarity differed between subtype and lineage. While intersegmental relationships were largely conserved over time in H3N2 viruses, they diverged in H1N1 strains isolated before and after the 2009 pandemic. Surprisingly, intersegmental relationships were not driven solely by protein sequence, suggesting that IAV evolution could also be driven by RNA-RNA interactions. Finally, we used confocal microscopy to determine that colocalization of highly coevolved vRNA segments is enriched over other assembly intermediates at the nuclear periphery during productive viral infection. This study illustrates how putative RNA interactions underlying selective assembly of IAV can be interrogated with phylogenetics.
Model Selection for Time Series Count Data with Over-Dispersion
Authors: Musa Saleh Ibrahim , Nweze N. O.
Published: August 2021

Time series of count with over-dispersion is the reality often encountered in many biomedical and public health applications.  Statistical modelling of this type of series has been a great challenge. Rottenly, the Poisson and negative binomial distributions have been widely used in practice for discrete count time series data, their forms are too simplistic to accommodate features such as over-dispersion. Unable to account for these associated features while analyzing such data may result in incorrect and sometimes misleading inferences as well as detection of spurious associations. Therefore, the need for further investigation of count time series models suitable to fit count time series with over-dispersion of different level. The study therefore proposed a best model that can fit and forecast time series count data with different levels of over-dispersion and sample sizes Simulation studies were conducted using R statistical package, to investigate the performances of Autoregressiove Conditional Poisson (ACP) and Poisson Autoregressive (PAR) models. The predictive ability of the models were observed at different steps ahead. The relative performance of the models were examined using Akaike Information criteria (AIC) and Hannan-Quinn Information Criteria (HQIC). Conclusively, the best model to fit was ACP at different sample sizes. The predictive abilities of the four fitted models increased as sample size and number of steps ahead were increased
Effect of Organic and Botanicals Priming on Seed Quality Parameter of Pigeonpea (Cajanuscajan (L.) Millspaugh)
Authors: Reddy A. Divij , Chaurasia A. K. , Shukla P. K. , Singh Ram Pal
Published: August 2021

Presence of hard seed coats and several seed borne pathogens hinder the normal seedling establishment in legumes. Earlier seed enhancement is mainly achieved though synthetics and growth regulators. To evaluate the effect of organics and botanicals on quality parameters of the seed an experiment was conducted in Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences. Treatments in the experiment comprised of Panchagavya at 3%, 5% and 7% for 12 hrs., Beejamrutha at 5%, 7% and 9% for 12 hrs., Coconut water at 6% and 8% for 12hrs., Moringa leaf extract at 5% and 7% for 12hrs and Sea weed extract at 3% and 5% for 12hrs.Priming with the selected organics and botanicalsis found to enhance the quality parameters compared to untreated control. The treatment Panchagavya at 7% for duration of 12 hours was found to be superior compared to the other treatments in the study.
A systematic mapping protocol for understanding knowledge exchange in forest science
Authors: Westwood Alana R. , Hutchen Jenna , Kapoor Tyreen , Klenk Kimberly , Saturno Jacquelyn , Wang Jonathan , Falconer Matthew , Nguyen Vivian M.
Published: August 2021

When making decisions about forest and environmental management, managers and policymakers often rely upon scientific knowledge. There is a well‐documented ‘knowledge–integration gap’ where often the production of knowledge and its use are not aligned. Though there are several theoretical frameworks that conceptualize how knowledge is exchanged between producers of scientific knowledge and users of that information, there has been little attention to documenting knowledge exchange practices and their effectiveness, especially about forests.

In the systematic map, we will examine the peer‐reviewed academic and grey literature to document and classify the knowledge exchange techniques suggested and adopted by knowledge producers and users in the forest sciences globally. Characterizing this knowledge exchange landscape will provide new information about which techniques are used and their frequency, if there is evidence of effectiveness for particular techniques, and recommendations for best practices. This map will also show whether approaches to knowledge exchange differ between sectors (e.g. academia, government).

We will create a systematic literature map as defined by the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence to capture case studies of, or theories about, knowledge exchange related to forest science. The search of peer‐reviewed academic and grey literature will be conducted in English and French in two academic databases (BASE and Scopus) and one specialist database (ResearchGate). Candidate search strings will be evaluated against a test list of documents to determine strings with maximum sensitivity and specificity. Eligibility criteria will be applied to items at two screening stages: (1) title and abstract and (2) full‐text. All screening decisions will be recorded in a database with 15% of full‐text screening decisions validated. Items retained for inclusion will have data extracted according to a standardized strategy. Each reviewer conducting data extraction will have at least three of their extractions validated.

The systematic map will employ a narrative synthesis approach that includes descriptive statistics, tables, and figures which describe the types and frequency of knowledge exchange techniques theorized or described, a network map displaying the institutions within and between which knowledge exchange occurs, as well as summarizing any available evidence of effectiveness for particular knowledge exchange techniques.
Federal report on underage drinking warns of possible threats to progress
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: August 2021

While the latest Report to Congress on the prevention of underage alcohol use strikes a positive chord in chronicling a downward trend in youth drinking, it also issues warnings about other recent developments that could shift behavior in the opposite direction. Some of this involves pandemic‐influenced policy changes that have expanded adult access to alcohol (such as through what appears to be a lasting “to‐go” cocktail phenomenon) but also could result in more exposure to alcohol among youths.
Young people's drug use stayed level during pandemic
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: August 2021

Alcohol use declined and use of nicotine and misuse of prescriptions increased among 10‐to‐14‐year‐olds during the pandemic, according to a study published last week. Overall, the rate of drug use among these young people remained stable during the pandemic based on repeated surveys of more than 7,800 people ages 10 to 14 conducted between September 2019 and August 2020.
Overcoming the Challenges of Freestanding Tin Oxide‐Based Composite Anodes to Achieve High Capacity and Increased Cycling Stability
Authors: Zoller Florian , Häringer Sebastian , Böhm Daniel , Illner Hannah , Döblinger Markus , Sofer Zdene˘k , Finsterbusch Martin , Bein Thomas , Fattakhova‐Rohlfing Dina
Published: August 2021

Freestanding electrodes are a promising way to increase the energy density of the batteries by decreasing the overall amount of electrochemically inactive materials. Freestanding antimony doped tin oxide (ATO)‐based hybrid materials have not been reported so far, although this material has demonstrated excellent performance in conventionally designed electrodes. Two different strategies, namely electrospinning and freeze‐casting, are explored for the fabrication of ATO‐based hybrid materials. It is shown that the electrospinning of ATO/carbon based electrodes from polyvinyl pyrrolidone polymer (PVP) solutions was not successful, as the resulting electrode material suffers from rapid degradation. However, freestanding reduced graphene oxide (rGO) containing ATO/C/rGO nanocomposites prepared via a freeze‐casting route demonstrates an impressive rate and cycling performance reaching 697 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 4 A g−1, which is 40 times higher as compared to SnO2/rGO and also exceeds the freestanding SnO2‐based composites reported so far. Antimony doping of the nanosized tin oxide phase and carbon coating are thereby shown to be essential factors for appealing electrochemical performance. Finally, the freestanding ATO/C/rGO anodes are combined with freestanding LiFe0.2Mn0.8PO4/rGO cathodes to obtain a full freestanding cell operating without metal current collector foils showing nonetheless an excellent cycling stability.
Reversible, Selective, Ultrawide‐Range Variable Stiffness Control by Spatial Micro‐Water Molecule Manipulation
Authors: Ha Inho , Kim Minwoo , Kim Kyun Kyu , Hong Sukjoon , Cho Hyunmin , Kwon Jinhyeong , Han Seonggeun , Yoon Yeosang , Won Phillip , Ko Seung Hwan
Published: August 2021

Evolution has decided to gift an articular structure to vertebrates, but not to invertebrates, owing to their distinct survival strategies. An articular structure permits kinematic motion in creatures. However, it is inappropriate for creatures whose survival strategy depends on the high deformability of their body. Accordingly, a material in which the presence of the articular structure can be altered, allowing the use of two contradictory strategies, will be advantageous in diverse dynamic applications. Herein, spatial micro‐water molecule manipulation, termed engineering on variable occupation of water (EVO), that is used to realize a material with dual mechanical modes that exhibit extreme differences in stiffness is introduced. A transparent and homogeneous soft material (110 kPa) reversibly converts to an opaque material embodying a mechanical gradient (ranging from 1 GPa to 1 MPa) by on‐demand switching. Intensive theoretical analysis of EVO yields the design of spatial transformation scheme. The EVO gel accomplishes kinematic motion planning and shows great promise for multimodal kinematics. This approach paves the way for the development and application of smart functional materials.
A recurrent de novo variant supports KCNC2 involvement in the pathogenesis of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy
Authors: Rydzanicz Małgorzata , Zwoliński Piotr , Gasperowicz Piotr , Pollak Agnieszka , Kostrzewa Grażyna , Walczak Anna , Konarzewska Magdalena , Płoski Rafał
Published: August 2021

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) are a heterogenous group of conditions characterized by the co‐occurrence of epilepsy and intellectual/developmental disability. Despite several known DEE‐related genes, including these encoding ion channels, still many cases remain without molecular diagnosis. Here, we present a 2‐year‐old girl with severe DEE in whom whole exome sequencing revealed de novo p.(Val471Leu) variant in the KCNC2 encoding Kv3.2, a voltage‐gated potassium channel. To the best of our knowledge, this is the third DEE case due to KCNC2 mutation. Our clinical and molecular findings, particularly the recurrence of p.(Val471Leu) in patient with similar clinical phenotype, further support KCNC2 as a novel DEE‐associated gene.
Exploring possibilities for shortening the 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) using item response theory
Authors: Liu David T. , Phillips Katie M. , Speth Marlene M. , Besser Gerold , Mueller Christian A. , Sedaghat Ahmad R.
Published: August 2021

Background

Even with a high‐quality instrument, such as the 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22), patients can be overwhelmed by repeated completion of questionnaires, leading to nonadherence and reduced data quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the SNOT‐22 could be made more concise without losing the valuable information that it provides.

Methods

A modern psychometric approach, item response theory (IRT), was used on a sample of 800 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The SNOT‐22 was refined based on: (1) the item information criteria, retaining only items with above‐average information; and (2) the total test information, retaining only the most discriminating items to cover at least 30% of the information within each subdomain. The preliminary validity and reliability of these refined scales were assessed using Cronbach's alpha and Pearson's correlation.

Results

Using an IRT approach, we find that it may be possible to shorten the SNOT‐22 to an 11‐item and six‐item version based on psychometric properties. Item information functions of the shortened 11‐item and six‐item scales demonstrate that both versions accurately covered the CRS symptom‐severity continuum. Preliminary reliability and validity analysis showed that both refined scales had good to excellent reliability (Cronbach's alpha ≥ 0.80) and were highly associated with the original full‐length scale (r ≥ 0.90).

Conclusion

IRT provides data‐driven opportunities for the continuous development and refinement of the SNOT‐22. While patient and provider input must be accounted for too, our results show that future revisions of the SNOT‐22 could include significantly fewer items.
Charge‐Current Output in Plasma‐Immersed Hydrogen Atom with Noncentral Interaction
Authors: Bahar Mustafa Kemal
Published: August 2021

A theoretical investigation on the charge‐currents and induced magnetizations of hydrogen atoms with noncentral interaction, immersed in a plasma environment, under the influence of spherical encompassing is performed. The Hartmann potential for noncentral interaction is considered, but it is modified due to the plasma‐embedded hydrogen atom. The interactions in plasma are delineated by keeping in view the more general exponential cosine screened Coulomb (MGECSC) potential which reproduces more general and detailed outcomes. The shielding effect of the plasma environment is regarded by modifying the Hartmann potential through the MGECSC potential. Thus, the hydrogen atom is considered to be under the influence of the plasma modified Hartmann (PMH) potential. While the numerical tridiagonal matrix method (TMM) is employed due to the difficulty of analytical solution to the radial wave equation in nonrelativistic scheme including PMH potential, a hybrid solution technique is preferred by using asymptotic iteration method (AIM) to solve the angular wave equation. This study provides a detailed analysis of the plasma shielding, spherical confinement, and noncentral effect on the production and control of charge‐currents and induced magnetizations. In this analysis, the altenativeness to each other of the plasma environment, spherical encompassing, and noncentral effect is also evaluated, and suggestions are made for related application studies.
Picking up the threads: Comparative osteology and associated cartilaginous elements for members of the genusTrilepidaHedges, 2011 (Serpentes, Leptotyphlopidae) with new insights on the Epictinae systematics
Authors: Martins Angele , Koch Claudia , Joshi Mitali , Pinto Roberta , Passos Paulo
Published: August 2021

The threadsnakes of the family Leptotyphlopidae have been historically neglected in terms of their natural history, ecology, systematics, and morphology. Given the relevance of morphological data for resolving systematic, evolutionary, and functional issues, we aimed to provide a detailed comparative description of osteology and associated cartilaginous elements for members of the genusTrilepida. Data were obtained through high‐resolution computed tomography images, cleared and stained specimens, and radiography images of a total of 47 specimens and 12 species. Both cranial and axial osteology characters exhibited a relevant degree of intraspecific variation regarding qualitative and quantitative data associated with skull and vertebrae foramina and the shape of bony sutures and processes. The high representativeness of examined species and specimens allows us to provide a comprehensive discussion on the inter‐ and intraspecific osteological variation, as well as a compelling osteological diagnosis for the entire genus.Trilepidaspp. differ from all Epictinae by the presence of the following combination of characters: paired nasals, fused supraoccipitals (distinct from parietal, prootics, and otooccipitals), a single (fused) parietal without a dorsal fontanelle, and the basioccipital participating in the foramen magnum (except inTrilepida nicefori). Our results reinforce the need for integration of detailed anatomical traits to usually conserved external morphological data to provide accurate diagnostic features for Epictinae. In addition, new phylogenetic hypotheses or even taxonomic re‐allocations may broadly benefit from these detailed comparative studies.
Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of Histone Code Recognition by the BRPF3 Bromodomain
Authors: Barman Soumen , Roy Anirban , Bardhan Ishita , Kandasamy Thirukumaran , Shivani Shivani , Sudhamalla Babu
Published: August 2021

Bromodomains are evolutionarily conserved reader modules that recognize acetylated lysine residues on the histone tails to facilitate gene transcription. The bromodomain and PHD finger containing protein 3 (BRPF3) is a scaffolding protein that forms a tetrameric complex with HBO1 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and two other subunits, which is known to regulate the HAT activity and substrate specificity. However, its molecular mechanism, histone ligands, and biological functions remain unknown. Herein, we identify mono‐ (H4K5ac) and di‐ (H4K5acK12ac) acetylated histone peptides as novel interacting partners of the BRPF3 bromodomain. Consistent with this, pull‐down assays on purified histones from human cells confirm the interaction of BRPF3 bromodomain with acetylated histone H4. Further, MD simulation studies highlight the binding mode of acetyllysine (Kac) and the stability of bromodomain‐histone peptide complexes. Collectively, our findings provide a key insight into how histone targets of the BRPF3 bromodomain direct the recruitment of HBO1 complex to chromatin for downstream transcriptional regulation.
Machine learning study of the molecular drivers of natural product prices
Authors: Blay Vincent , Dong Jie , Moya Andrés
Published: August 2021

The price of chemicals is a very complex variable. It can be impacted by production costs but also by market and managerial factors, which may have complex relationships with molecular characteristics and the state of technology and society. In this work, we explore the extent to which molecular characteristics can help explain natural product prices with the aid of machine learning tools. We interpret models trained on molecular descriptors and molecular fingerprints. These models can explain a notable proportion of the variation in prices, suggesting that production and separation costs are a major contributor to current natural product prices. Some molecular properties stand out as key price drivers across the chemical space, including hydrophobicity and the presence of certain heteroatoms. On the other hand, we demonstrate how the application of cliff analysis to prices allows the identification of small chemical transformations that have a remarkable impact on prices. Overall, the work suggests that machine learning could help achieve more consistent and fairer pricing and provides specific examples of chemical transformations in which synthetic biology could add significant value. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Focus on Olea europaea L. pruning by‐products: extraction techniques, biological activity, and phytochemical profile
Authors: Faraone Immacolata , Russo Daniela , Bruno Maria Roberta , Todaro Luigi , D'Auria Maurizio , Milella Luigi
Published: August 2021

The Olea europaea L. tree has played a central role in Mediterranean culture since ancient times. Several studies have highlighted the health‐promoting properties both of its primary products (olives) and its by‐products (leaves, pomace, husk, stone, mill wastes, and wood). In this study, pruning residues from 25‐year‐old olive trees located in a Mediterranean region (Basilicata, Italy) were analyzed. The antioxidant activity of hydro‐alcoholic extracts from wood samples were analyzed through three complementary in vitro assays. The molecular composition of the extracts was thoroughly evaluated using a gas chromatography apparatus coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC–MS). Our study demonstrated that all but three extracts had remarkable antioxidant activity, which was likely due to the meaningful presence of phenolic compounds, mostly derived from lignin. Moreover, the results showed that bark extracts obtained with ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) had the highest antioxidant activity. In this extract, several known compounds with demonstrated antioxidant activity were found, including hexylresorcinol, 1‐methyl‐N‐vanillyl‐2‐phenethamine, and allopurinol. This research suggests that woody olive by‐products are a potential natural resource of antioxidants. These compounds could be useful for functional foods and in industry, and could help to solve the problem of pruning residues, increasing their potential economic value. © 2021 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Influence of the Biocatalyst Support on the Activity of Immobilized Horseradish Root Peroxidase
Authors: Grebennikova Olga V. , Sulman Alexandrina M. , Matveeva Valentina G.
Published: August 2021

Horseradish root peroxidase biocatalysts can be used to oxidize various phenolic compounds. In this work, peroxidase was covalently immobilized on inorganic SiO2 and Al2O3 carriers and magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The latter were synthesized by the polyol method. For all biocatalytic systems, the effect of modifying and activating agents was evaluated. For each biocatalyst, the optimal composition was determined, at which the biocatalyst is most active. All samples were tested in the oxidation reaction of 2,3,6‐trimethylphenol using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent. It was found that a biocatalyst based on peroxidase immobilized on magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles showed the highest specific activity compared to the native form of the enzyme. Also, such a biocatalyst is easy to use due to the simplicity of its separation from the reaction mass.