bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPERT EVALUATION OF THE TECHNICAL PREPAREDNESS OF QUALIFIED TAEKWONDISTS AT THE STAGE OF SPECIALIZED BASIC TRAINING
Authors:   Prydniprovsk State Academy of Physical Culture and Sport, Lukina Olena , Strelchuk Sergey ,   Prydniprovsk State Academy of Physical Culture and Sport, Novikov Volodymir ,   Prydniprovsk State Academy of Physical Culture and Sport, Kusovska Olga ,   Prydniprovsk State Academy of Physical Culture and Sport, Baić Mario ,   Kinesiology University of Zagreb
Published: November 2020

Objective: To determine the quality of performance of the technical actions of qualified taekwondists at the stage of specialized basic training. Material and methods: expert evaluation method; methods of mathematical statistics. Results: The results of the study showed that the experts technical actions in the middle level, which were performed by qualified Taekwondists of the experimental group before conducting the pedagogical experiment, were evaluated no higher than 3.85 points. After the pedagogical experiment, three technical actions received average marks above four points: pandal-chagi - 4.22 points, miro-chagi - 4.07, jirugi - 4.27 points, respectively. It indicates a significant improvement in performance quality of the technical actions of the experimental group (p <0.01). In the athletes of the control group, when performing technical actions in the middle level, the expert evaluation did not exceed 3.88 points (punch the body). The experts evaluated the quality of technical actions by the Taekwondists of the experimental group in the upper level with higher scores than at the beginning of the pedagogical experiment: dolio-chagi - 4.03 and nerio-chagi - 4.25 points, respectively. It indicates a significant improvement in the quality of the technical group's implementation of the technical actions of the experimental group (p <0.01). The Taekwondists of the control group also increased their expert judgment scores, but significantly less than the athletes of the experimental group (the highest score for nerio-chagi was 3.83). Conclusions: It was found that according to the expert evaluation on the 5-point scale after conducting the pedagogical experiment, the quality of performance of all technical actions in the experimental and control groups of the Taekwondists increased. However, the increase in performance is higher in the athletes of the experimental group. When performing the technical actions in the middle level, the Taekwondists of the experimental group improved their results in the range from 10.9% to 26.1%; athletes of the control group - from 1.28% to 8.38%. When performing technical actions in the upper level, the athletes of the experimental group increased the indicators in the range from 12.73% to 32.85%; athletes of the control group - from 2.5% to 7.91%. It indicates a significant improvement in the quality of performance of the technical actions of the experimental group of Taekwondo (p <0.01) compared with the athletes of the control group. Key words: expert evaluation of the technical preparedness of Taekwondo; hits in the middle; blows to the upper level; stage of specialized basic training.
Influence of Sheet Conditions on In-Plane Strain Evolution via Ex-Situ Tensile Deformation of Ti-3Al-2.5V at Room Temperature
Authors: Kwame J.S , Yakushina E. , Blackwell P.
Published: November 2020

Localised plastic deformation evolution was examined in a near alpha Ti-3Al-2.5V alloy with indent defect and defect free surfaces using digital image correlation, an interrupted uniaxial tensile test and scanning electron microscopy. The main aim was to understand the role of the localised strain evolution at micro scale and the underlying deformation mechanisms that influence the global mechanical behaviour of the material. The microstructures captured at different stages of deformation were processed using a digital image correlation system, whose outputs were analysed through Matlab, to ascertain the localised strain evolution observed in each surface condition. This work found that the strains observed at the deformation bands along the indent defect edge, were significantly higher than those observed in the deformed β phase field. The deformation bands concentrating at the tip of the indent defect acted as a fertile site for early crack nucleation and propagation with a reduced localised fracture strain. For a defect free surface, the absence of defect zones acting as a high stress concentration site meant that strain aggregation was minimised and the α phase field was able to sufficiently accommodate the β phase deformation resulting in higher fracture strains.
Concubinato e União Estáveis: Direito romano e brasileiro
Authors: Duarte Nayane Gonçalves dos Santos , Morais Carlos Nascimento de
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma interpretação referente ao concubinato e a união estável no direito Romano e Brasileiro. A expressão concubinato tem o significado atualmente de união paralela ou simultânea, sendo que no passado já significou a própria união estável em constituição de entidade familiar conceituado como família paralela, família simultânea, companheiros ou conviventes. Distinguir seus conceitos, aspectos históricos e legislações aplicadas, utilizando a apresentação de doutrinas e jurisprudências que tratam do tema abordado, no ordenamento Romano e Brasileiro. Descrever as formas de concubinato, apresentando como a questão tem sido resolvida nos tribunais superiores. Relatar as dificuldades que as pessoas que mantêm esse tipo de relacionamento encontram na legislação Brasileira. A doutrina, legislação e a jurisprudência defendem alguns direitos patrimoniais que irão ser tratados no presente trabalho, apontando quais os assuntos necessários para que aqueles que mantêm uma relação concubinária sejam amparados. A pesquisa utilizada foi a teórica, jurisprudencial e descritiva. Os métodos utilizados foram o indutivo, histórico e comparativo.
Prevalência de incontinência urinária e associação com a obesidade em mulheres cadastradas em uma unidade docente assistencial de Maceió- AL
Authors: Bezerra Ana Clarissa Santos , Lima Isabella Karoline Moreira Ribeiro , Soutinho Renata Sampaio Rodrigues
Published: November 2020

A incidência de sobrepeso e obesidade assim como marcadores de Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) cresceu nas últimas décadas. A obesidade além de estar associada às doenças crônicas não transmissíveis como diabetes e hipertensão, pode ser consideradas um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de desordens nas estruturas de sustentação das vísceras abdomino-pélvicas podendo levar a complicações como a incontinência urinária (IU) e os prolapsos genitais. A associação entre incontinência e obesidade ainda é pouco estudada. Devido a relevância do tema, foi proposto este estudo que teve objetivo investigar a prevalência de incontinência urinária em mulheres cadastradas em uma unidade assistencial da cidade de Maceió e verificar a associação com a obesidade. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, analítico de caráter transversal, com mulheres entre 18 e 60 anos, cadastradas em uma Unidade Docente Assistencial da Cidade de Maceió, no período de julho a setembro de 2017. Foram excluídas as mulheres com gravidez suspeita ou confirmada, ou que possuíssem doença neurológica que apresentassem como sequela dificuldade de compreensão, audição ou fala que impossibilitassem responder ao questionário. Participaram da pesquisa, 109 mulheres, com média de idade de 38,1±12,3, variando entre a idade mínima de 18 e a máxima de 59 anos. A prevalência de IU auto referida nesta população foi de 17,43%, não tendo sido encontrada associação com a obesidade. Foi possível concluir que a prevalência da IU está dentro do percentual descrito na literatura e que mesmo não tendo sido encontrada associação estatisticamente significativa entre IU e obesidade, o número de mulheres incontinentes, obesas ou com sobrepeso é alto. Além disso, a IU está cada vez mais presente em mulheres jovens, assim como a obesidade, como pode ser confirmado nesse estudo.
Identificação dos principais parasitos intestinais encontrados em locais públicos no Brasil
Authors: Guerra Matteus Teixeira , Lima Jonas Hantt Corrêa , Tessaro Julia Carolina Lusa , Silva Paulo Henrique , Fachini Jean , Kober Márcia de Vargas
Published: November 2020

As infecções causadas por parasitos são consideradas uma das maiores causas de agravos por processos infecciosos no mundo, e, segundo estimativa, afetam cerca de 2 bilhões de pessoas em todo os continentes, tornando-se um dos principais problemas de saúde pública principalmente no Brasil. Esses parasitos eliminam seus ovos, larvas ou cistos junto com as fezes do hospedeiro e contaminam o ambiente, o solo e a água, além do contato das mãos sujas levadas à boca podendo ocasionar infecções parasitárias. Esses e outros fatores, somados às condições climáticas do Brasil e a falta de saneamento básico são importantes processos para disseminação desses parasitos no país. Vários estudos demonstraram que locais públicos podem atuar como reservatórios para parasitos intestinais, de acordo com eles foram selecionados os parasitos mais prevalentes: Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, Endolimax nana, Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, Strongyloides stercolaris, Toxocara spp e ancilostomídeos. O estudo identificou os três principais parasitos intestinais entre todos os 19 artigos analisados e encontrou 13 espécies de parasitos intestinais nos diferentes locais pesquisados pelos autores. O presente estudo demonstrou, através da análise de 19 artigos, que os locais públicos no Brasil podem atuar como reservatórios para parasitos intestinais, e as pessoas que frequentam esses locais constituem um grupo de risco estando sujeitas às infecções parasitárias.
Refleksi Kepemimpinan dan Strategi Perang Nabi Muhammad (Studi Kontekstual Legitimasi Sejarah Perang Uhud)
Authors: Habibi Nicolas , Jalwis  , Izzat Muhammad Daud
Published: November 2020

Dalam titik-titik sejarah perang Uhud, perang ini merupakan perang kedua yang terjadi sejak didirikannya pemerintahan Islam oleh nabi Muhammad di Madinah. Perang ini disebabkan oleh faktor agama, faktor sosial, faktor ekonomi dan faktor politik. Beberapa literatur menyebutkan bahwa nabi Muhammad dan pasukannya mengalami kekalahan dalam peperangan ini karena banyaknya jumlah mujahid yang wafat. Namun, dalam perspektif ketercapaian tujuan awal faktor penyebab dari perang ini, tidak satupun keberhasilan yang diperoleh Quraisy dan infantrinya. Setelah perang ini, legitimasi kepemimpinan nabi Muhammad dan pemerintahannya justru semakin eksis di Madinah. Kelihaian dan kepiawaian nabi Muhammad mengatur strategi pada perang Uhud, menjadi mir’ah dalam sejarah dunia Islam.
Teologi Pembebasan Ali Syari’ati (Kajian Humanisme dalam Islam)
Authors: Siti Syamsiyatul Ummah
Published: November 2020

Abstract

 As one of the most prominent Muslim thinkers of modern times, Ali Syari 'ati's role in resisting the repression of Pahlevi's regime is undeniable. He presented himself as a propagandist gusting the spirit of youth in Iran in the 1970's to rise up and resist the authoritarian and oppressive regime of Pahlevi. Ali Syari 'ati had succeeded in building a revolutionary islamic ideology on the foundations of tauhid to elevate degrees and support egalitarianism in humans. In the view of Ali Syari 'ati, tauhid is a oneness between god, human, and the universe. Therefore, any form of social discrimination, injustice, depotism, and persecution must be opposed because it is separate from the rivals of tauhid. It's a library research which deals with liberation theological thinking in the perspective of Ali Syari 'ati in lifting and fighting for emancipation, responsibility and human freedom. The subject of this post is the biography of Ali Syari 'ati, the views of the tauhid world: the tauhid is the free previews of Ali Syari 'ati, the religious humanistic concept Ali Syari'ati, and the tauhid scheme of thought in the religious humanistic concept of Ali Syari'ati.

Abstrak

Sebagai salah satu pemikir Muslim terkemuka di zaman modern, peran Ali Syari’ati dalam melawan penindasan rezim Pahlevi tidak dapat dimungkiri lagi kebenarannya. Ia tampil sebagai propagandis yang membakar semangat kaum muda di Iran pada 1970-an untuk bangkit dan melawan rezim Syah Pahlevi yang otoriter dan menindas. Ali Syari’ati berhasil membangun ideologi Islam yang revolusioner dengan fondasi tauhid untuk mengangkat derajat dan menyokong egalitarianisme (persamaan) pada manusia. Dalam pandangan Ali Syari’ati, tauhid adalah kesatuan antara Tuhan, manusia, dan alam semesta. Maka, segala bentuk diskriminasi sosial, ketidakadilan, kedzaliman, dan penindasan harus dilawan karena termasuk hal yang syirik (lawan tauhid). Tulisan ini merupakan library research yang membahas tentang pemikiran teologi pembebasan dalam prespektif Ali Syari’ati dalam mengangkat dan memperjuangkan emansipasi, tanggung jawab dan kebebasan manusia. Sub pembahasan dalam tulisan ini adalah biografi Ali Syari’ati, pandangan dunia tauhid: Tauhid yang membebaskan prespektif Ali Syari’ati, konsep religius humanistik Ali Syari’ati, serta skema pemikiran tauhid dalam konsep religius humanistik Ali Syari’ati.
PERANCANGAN KURSI TUNGGU YANG ERGONOMIS UNTUK LANSIA DENGAN METODE PAHL AND BEITZ PADA KLINIK XYZ SIDOARJO
Authors: Winata Erlang Kardyansyah , Suryadi Akmal
Published: November 2020

Manula sangat rentan terhadap penyakit, penyakit yang sering timbul pada tubuh manula merupakan penyakit persendian tulang. Penyakit pada sendi ini diakibatkan degenerasi atau kerusakan pada permukaan sendi-sendi tulang yang banyak dijumpai pada manula. Fasilitas Klinik XYZ sangat lah menunjang kegiatan untuk berobat atau pemeriksaan kondisi tubuh pasien, peningkatan jumlah pasien pada klinik tersebut juga harus di ikuti dengan penambahan fasilitas, salah satunya kursi tunggu untuk pasien. Namun pada kursi tunggu tersebut berbentuk 3 batang besi kemudian disatukan sehingga mengurangi tingkat kenyamanan khususnya untuk lansia dan bisa dibilang belum ada kursi tunggu yang pas untuk lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendesain dan membuat kursi tunggu ergonomis untuk lansia di klinik XYZ dengan menggunakan metode pahl & beitz. Obyek penelitian dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data anthropometri sebanyak 40 orang sampel yang dipilih, beserta mendesain dan membuat kursi tunggu ergonomis untuk lansia yang sesuai dengan data tersebut. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan ukuran spesifikasi yang sesuai untuk lansia.

 

Kata Kunci: Ergonomis, Antropometri, Kursi Tunggu Lansia, Metode Pahl & Beitz.Group.
ALAT PENANAM BENIH JAGUNG DENGAN METODE DESIGN FOR ASSEMBLY (DFA)
Authors: Lutfansa Prima , Suryadi Akmal
Published: November 2020

Desa kedunggalar merupakan salah satu desa di Kecamatan Kedunggalar yang berada di Kabupaten Ngawi Provinsi Jawa Timur dengan mayoritas mata pencahariannya adalah sebagai petani. Berdasarkan permasalahan, pada penelitian ini dilakukan suatu  desain/perancangan alat penanam benih jagung dengan menggunakan metode Design For Assembly (DFA). Metode Design For Assembly (DFA) adalah suatu metode perancangan yang menitik beratkan kepada penyederhanaan struktur rancangan agar rancangan produk yang dihasilkannya mudah untuk dirakit (easy to assemble).. Desain pengembangan produk penanam benih jagung bekerja hanya dengan menggunakan satu tangan dan dapat digunakan bergantian dengan tangan satunya, berbeda dengan produk sebelumnya yang menggunakan dua tangan dalam pengoprasiannya. Desain pengembangan peroduk penanam benih jagung diperoleh harga produk sebesar Rp. 245.000, sedangkan untuk produk awal sebelum dikembangkan sebesar Rp. 290.000. maka didapat desain pengembangan memiliki harga relatif lebih murah dari alat sebelumnya dengan selisih harga Rp. 45.000 atau = 18,3%. Dalam perancangan alat penanam jagung terdapat 7 komponen dengan dengan total proses 32 serta total waktu keseluruhan 14.400 detik atau sekitar 4 jam.
ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU KAIN DENGAN METODE ANALISIS ALWAYS BETTER CONTROL (ABC) DAN ALGORTIMA WAGNER WITHIN DI PT. XYZ
Authors: Panjaitan Sarah Monica Christine , Aryanny Enny
Published: November 2020

Persediaan bahan baku dalam setiap perusahaan sangatlah penting, terlebih bagi perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang manufaktur dimana perusahaan beroperasi setiap harinya. PT. XYZ merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang industri manufaktur pembuatan berbagai macam tas yang telah berdiri sejak tahun 1990. Perusahaan dalam menjalankan produksi sering ada masalah dalam pengendalian bahan baku dimana sering terjadi penumpukkan bahan baku kain di gudang dan menyebabkan membengkaknya biaya persediaan yang harus dikeluarkan oleh perusahaan. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan pengendaliaan dan perencanaan dalam persediaan bahan baku yang tepat sehingga dapat meminimalisir biaya persediaan. Dengan adanya permasalahan tersebut, maka dilakukan penelitian pengendalian persediaan bahan baku dengan metode Algoritma Wagner Within sehingga dapat dilakukan pengendaliaan persediaan bahan baku dengan total biaya persediaan minimum dan dibantu dengan analisis ABC dalam mengklasifikasi bahan baku yang diteliti. Didapatkan perhitungan dengan metode Algoritma Wagner Within untuk periode Maret 2019–Februari 2020 menghasilkan total biaya persediaan sebesar Rp.8.551.302.000 sementara dengan perhitungan perusahaan didapatkan total biaya persediaan sebesar Rp. 9.311.518.375 sehingga didapatkan penghematan sebesar Rp. 760.216.375 atau sebanyak 8,1%.

 

Kata Kunci : Bahan Baku, Pengendalian, Persediaan, Perencanaan
ANALISIS ERGONOMI PROSES PEMBUATAN SATE BANDENG DENGAN POSTURE EVALUATION INDEX DALAM VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Waluyo Mohammad Rachman , Nurfajriah Nurfajriah
Published: November 2020

Postur kerja merupakan pengaturan sikap tubuh saat bekerja. Faktor yang dapat meningkatkan timbulnya gangguan musculoskeletal, yaitu : postur yang tidak alamiah, tenaga yang berlebihan, pengulangan (repetitive) dengan gerakan kerja monoton dan waktu kerja yang lama berpotensi menimbulkan kelelahan kerja. Pada gerak monoton repetitive terjadi pembebanan otot yang terus menerus. Postur kerja yang salah membuat kelelahan menjadi lebih cepat terjadi. Postur kerja yang tidak baik ini seringkali diakibatkan oleh desain fasilitas kerja yang kurang memperhatikan kesesuaian dengan penggunanya. Pada pekerja pengelolaan Bandeng, penghalusan duri bandeng, pembakaran bandeng merupakan kerja repetitive monoton yang kurang didukung fasilitas yang sesuai. Stasiun Kerja Proses penghalusan ikan menunjukkan hasil Low Back Pain (LBA) pekerja a dan b berada dalam kondisi yang dapat diterima karena dibawah 3400 N, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pekerja pada proses penghalusan ikan tidak beresiko tinggi mengalami cidera pada tulang punggungnya, sedangkan OWAS memiliki nilai 3 yang menandakan bahwa harus ada perbaikan kemudian untuk RULA pekerja a dan b memiliki resiko cidera musculoskeletal dan harus dilakukan perbaikan yang menyeluruh. Proses memasukkan ikan ke dalam kulit ikan menunjukan LBA masih dapat diterima sedangkan hasil OWAS postur kerja pada stasiun kerja ini harus sesegera mungkin dirubah kemudian hasil RULA bahwa stasiun kerja ini memiliki nilai 4 yang menunjukkan ada resiko yang harus diinvestigasi lebih lanjut. Perhitungan nilai PEI pada pekerja pembakaran sate ikan bandeng memiliki nilai LBA berada di bawah standar NIOSH yaitu 3400N yang artinya masih dapat diterima sedangkan OWAS pada stasiun kerja ini memberikan rasa sakit dan memerlukan langkah perbaikan. kemudian untuk RULA stasiun kerja ini relatif lebih ergonomis karena nilainya 4 yang berarti terdapat resiko yang harus diinvestigasi lebih lanjut.
The correlation between identifying needs and choosing the appropriate productive art for use / primary health care centers as an example
Authors: Mahmood Zinah Muayad , Mohammed Mohammed Jasim
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the study is to identify the need to improve health services in Iraq by determining the efficiency of service in health care centres and working on exploiting limited resources through choosing the most efficient technological art represented by using precast concrete technology to fill the shortfall in the establishment health centres for primary care and to explain the impact of this on saving resources, time, and increasing production efficiency. To achieve this, the quantitative analysis adopted as a methodology in the study by determining the size of the deficit in the infrastructure of health centres for primary care according to the standard of a health centre / 10.000 people with an estimate of the future need for the next ten years depending on the population growth rate estimated by (2.6%). In addition to exploiting the available resources and achieving stability for the population by providing productive employment opportunities within the medium and long term. This makes the study distinguished by originality, as it linked the diagnosis of the problem of finding solutions using the modern technical method that encourages private investment.

Paper type: Technical paper.
Red Eyes
Authors: Thombs Jasmine
Published: November 2020

This vignette illustrates how an individual with a complex pathology can present with a sight-threatening condition that appears to resist medical treatment in some measure if the psychological component is ignored. The case exemplifies the way in which therapeutic intervention can help in the recovery from a sightthreatening condition and from the underlying trauma associated with it.

It is recognised that people affected by sight-threatening conditions will understandably experience very strong and at times overwhelming feelings related to grief and loss. In this case, the possibility of sight loss created a severe reaction of panic and confusion, and disrupted cognitive functions. These problems were often compounded by symptoms including anger, disassociation, apathy, and depression.

This vignette showed how Bowlby's concepts of attachment and loss, and maternal deprivation, helped in the therapeutic alliance. The understanding of the client's internal working model was fundamental to the ongoing therapeutic process that allowed her to heal.
Evaluation of Visual Inspection of Cervix with Acetic Acid and Liquid Based in Cervical Cancer Screening with Cervical Biopsy
Authors: Shrestha Bigya , Malla Vaidya Karishma , Joshi Rijuta
Published: November 2020

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in developing countries. Cervical cancer generally develops slowly over a period of 10-15 years. Incidence and mortality related to cervical cancer both have declining in developed countries because of effective screening programs through Papanicolaou smear. Therefore, cervical cancer can be prevented through implementation of different methods of screening programs like visual inspection of cervix with application of acetic acid visual inspection with acetic acid, liquid based cytology and human papilloma virus deoxyribonucleic acid. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of  visual inspection with Acetic Acid with liquid based cytology in cervical cancer screening taking cervical biopsy as a gold standard.

Methods: The study was conducted at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Kathmandu. One hundred forty four patients underwent visual inspection with acetic acid and liquid based cytology test followed by biopsy for confirmation of the lesion, when required. Data were obtained and statistically analyzed.

Results: Out of 144 screened patients, 62 (43.05%) were positive in visual inspection with acetic acid test. Eighteen (12.5%) cases were positive in liquid based cytology. Thirteen women were positive with both tests. Thirty-nine cases underwent histopathological examination including 13 cases who were positive in both tests. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for visual inspection with acetic acid was 81.25%, 65.22%, 61.90% and 83.33%, whereas for liquid based cytology it was 100%, 91.30%, 88.89% and 94.87% respectively.

Conclusions: Liquid based cytology was more efficacious to diagnose atypical cells with higher sensitivity and specificity in comparison to that of  visual Inspection with Acetic Acid test.

Keywords: Cervical cancer; liquid based cytology; visual inspection with acetic acid
Occlusal Characteristics of Primary Dentition among School Going Children
Authors: Rai Amita , Koirala Bandana , Dali Mamta , Shrestha Sneha , Shrestha Ashish , Niraula Surya Raj
Published: November 2020

Background: Certain characteristics of the primary dentition have been described that may be required in the smooth transition from primary to permanent dentition and therefore development of ideal occlusion in permanent dentition. The objectives of this study were to assess different occlusal characteristics of primary dentition among school going children of Dharan, Nepal and to compare these occlusal characteristics based on gender and race.
Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 625 school children of Mongolian and Caucasian race, aged 3 to 7 years, and having complete set of primary dentition. A close-ended questionnaire was developed to gather demographic information followed by the examination of occlusal and soft tissue parameters.
Results: The result showed 77.2% of the children had developmental spaces and 83.1% had primate spaces. Flush terminal plane molar and class I canine relationships were present in 68.8% and 81.6%, respectively with normal overjet (53.5%), normal overbite (41.1%), straight facial profile (86.7%) and competent lips (98.6%). Crowding was present in 35.4%, midline discrepancy in 11.3%, crossbite in 7.2%, scissor bite in 0.6% and open bite in 2.1% of the children examined.
Conclusions: Most of the occlusal characteristics were desirable but with the existence of some malocclusion traits, necessitating timely recognition and correction through early screening. Gender and racial influences were also observed and it emphasizes the need for treatment plan based on them.
Keywords: Gender; occlusal characteristics; primary dentition; race
Anxiety and Depression among Patients with Thyroid Function Disorders
Authors: Gorkhali Binu , Sharma Sita , Amatya Mrigendra , Acharya Devaka , Sharma Muna
Published: November 2020

Background: Psychiatric comorbidities are common in thyroid disorder patients and complicate patients’ life quality as well as disease management. We aimed to explore prevalence of anxiety and depression and identify associated characteristics among patients with thyroid function disorder.

Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 129 thyroid disorder patients aged ?20 years. A semi-structured questionnaire, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory were used for sociodemographic characteristics, anxiety, and depression respectively. Group differences were compared (Chi square) or correlations were determined (Pearson’s correlation coefficient).

Results: Patients’ mean age was 38.09±12.68 years; most were females (102, 79.1%) and hypothyroid (90, 69.8%). Overall prevalence of anxiety and depression were 50.4% and 42.6% respectively. Anxiety was more prevalent in females (54.9% vs 33.3% in males, p=0.046), low economic status (73.9% vs 35.5% in higher status, p=0.019), and hyperthyroid (64.1% vs 44.4% in hypothyroid, p=0.040). Depression was more prevalent in females (47.1% vs 25.9% in males, p=0.048), Janajati ethnic group (54.8% vs 31.1% in Brahmin-Chhetri, p=0.002), lower economic status (69.6% vs 35.5% in higher status, p=0.016), and hyperthyroid (56.4% vs 36.7% in hypothyroid, p=0.037). Associations with occupation, marital status, family type, religion, and duration of illness were not significant.

Conclusions: Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent among thyroid disorder patients, especially in females, lower economic status, and hyperfunction type thyroid disorder. Management of thyroid disorders should incorporate treatment of anxiety and depression; routine psychiatric screening of the groups with higher prevalence is advisable.

Keywords: Anxiety; depression; prevalence; thyroid function disorders
Genre, History, and the Stolen Generations: Three Australian Stories
Authors: Duckworth Melanie
Published: November 2020

This article explores the role that genre plays in fictional depictions of the Stolen Generations (Australian Indigenous children removed from their homes) in three twenty-first-century Australian middle-grade novels: Who Am I?: The Diary of Mary Talence, Sydney 1937 by Anita Heiss (2001) ; The Poppy Stories: Four Books in One by Gabrielle Wang (2016) ; and Sister Heart by Sally Morgan (2016) . It argues that the genres of fictional diary, adventure story and verse novel invite different reading practices and approaches to history, and shape the ways in which the texts depict, for children, the suffering and resilience of the Stolen Generations.
Fair and Square Redistricting
Authors: Fox James
Published: November 2020

This article presents a new procedure for constructing legislative district maps. This straightforward, transparent procedure is intended to be helpful to those interested in promoting fair, nonpartisan legislative district maps. The work draws upon a recent award-winning study of compact legislative districts. That study found that redistricting experts and lay citizens alike viewed districts that appeared to be square as most compact. The map drawing procedure combines compact districts with the well-established concept of partisan symmetry to build maps that are fair to both major political parties. The article opens by discussing this new view of compact districts and describes the procedure for constructing the maps. Maps with compact districts are drawn for 12 states that have recently been under court scrutiny. Partisan symmetry is then applied to these maps to construct legislative district maps that are fair and square.
I3D-Shufflenet Based Human Action Recognition
Authors: Liu Guocheng , Zhang Caixia , Xu Qingyang , Cheng Ruoshi , Song Yong , Yuan Xianfeng , Sun Jie
Published: November 2020

In view of difficulty in application of optical flow based human action recognition due to large amount of calculation, a human action recognition algorithm I3D-shufflenet model is proposed combining the advantages of I3D neural network and lightweight model shufflenet. The 5 × 5 convolution kernel of I3D is replaced by a double 3 × 3 convolution kernels, which reduces the amount of calculations. The shuffle layer is adopted to achieve feature exchange. The recognition and classification of human action is performed based on trained I3D-shufflenet model. The experimental results show that the shuffle layer improves the composition of features in each channel which can promote the utilization of useful information. The Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) spatial-temporal features of the object are extracted for training, which can significantly improve the ability of human action expression and reduce the calculation of feature extraction. The I3D-shufflenet is testified on the UCF101 dataset, and compared with other models. The final result shows that the I3D-shufflenet has higher accuracy than the original I3D with an accuracy of 96.4%.
Sex Determination in Two Species of Anuran Amphibians by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ultrasound Techniques
Authors: Ruiz-Fernández María José , Jiménez Sara , Fernández-Valle Encarnación , García-Real M. Isabel , Castejón David , Moreno Nerea , Ardiaca María , Montesinos Andrés , Ariza Salvador , González-Soriano Juncal
Published: November 2020

The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether gender determination in two amphibian species (Kaloula pulchra and Xenopus laevis) can be reliably carried out by means of magnetic resonance imaging (benchtop magnetic resonance imaging; BT-MRI) or ultrasound (high-resolution ultrasound; HR-US) techniques. Two species of healthy, sexually mature anurans have been used in the present study. Eight Kaloula (blind study) and six Xenopus were used as controls. Magnetic resonance imaging experiments were carried out on a low-field (1 Tesla) benchtop-MRI (BT-MRI) system. HR-US examination was performed with high-resolution equipment. Low-field BT-MRI images provided a clear and quantifiable identification of all the sexual organs present in both genders and species. The HR-US also allowed the identification of testes and ovaries in both species. Results indicate that BT-MRI allowed a very precise sex identification in both anuran species, although its use is limited by the cost of the equipment and the need for anesthesia. HR-US allowed an accurate identification of ovaries of both species whereas a precise identification of testes is limited by the ultrasonographer experience. The main advantages of this technique are the possibility of performing it without anesthesia and the higher availability of equipment in veterinary and zoo institutions.
Molecular Typing and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Recovered from Bovine Mastitis and Nasal Samples
Authors: Santos Renata P. , Souza Fernando N. , Oliveira Ana Claudia D. , de Souza Filho Antônio F. , Aizawa Juliana , Moreno Luisa Z. , da Cunha Adriano F. , Cortez Adriana , Della Libera Alice M.M.P. , Heinemann Marcos B. , Cerqueira Mônica M.O.P.
Published: November 2020

In the present study, we aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance and molecular typing of Staphylococcus aureus recovered from transient and persistent intramammary infections and nares/muzzles in dairy cows. We investigated the antimicrobial resistance of 189 S. aureus strains using a broad antimicrobial susceptibility profile. Furthermore, 107 S. aureus isolates were strain-typed using staphylococcal protein-A (spa) typing. A large proportion of strains exhibited multidrug resistance to antimicrobials, including resistance to critically important antimicrobials, although no methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains were found. Our study did not strengthen the idea that extramammary niches (i.e., nares/muzzles) are an important source of S. aureus for bovine mastitis. A discrepancy in the antimicrobial resistance between S. aureus strains isolated from nares/muzzles and milk samples was observed. Furthermore, S. aureus isolates from transient and persistent intramammary infections (IMIs) did not differ by spa typing, suggesting that the persistence of bovine IMIs was determined by cow factors. Thus, the high level of multidrug-resistant S. aureus found in the two herds, considered together with the predominance of a well udder-adapted S. aureus strain, may contribute to our knowledge of the history of the high prevalence of mastitis caused by S. aureus, which is of great concern for animal and public health.
Propylene Glycol and Maize Grain Supplementation Improve Fertility Parameters in Dairy Cows
Authors: Mikuła Robert , Pruszyńska-Oszmałek Ewa , Kołodziejski Paweł Antoni , Nowak Włodzimierz
Published: November 2020

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of propylene glycol and maize grain content by-pass starch supplementation during the transition period and the first 56 days of lactation on blood metabolic indices, milk production and fertility parameters in dairy cows. Seventy-five Polish Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were assigned to treatment 21 days before calving. The treatments included: TG—2.5 kg triticale grain/cow per day supplemented from 14 days prepartum to day 56 postpartum, PG—2.5 kg triticale grain/cow per day supplemented from day 14 before parturition to day 56 postpartum, and 400 g propylene glycol/cow per day from 14 days prepartum to 14 days of lactation and MG—2.5 kg maize grain/cow per day supplemented from day 14 before parturition to day 56 postpartum. PG and MG had an effect resulting in the highest glucose concentration at 28 d of lactation. Cows assigned to the PG and MG groups had significantly higher cholesterol levels confronted with TG group at day 14 of lactation, while at days 28 and 56 the same difference was observed only between the MG and TG groups. PG had an effect on shortening the period to first ovulation. PG and MG improved the first service conception rate and decreased the number of services per conception in cows. In conclusion, both treatments of dairy cows with PG and MG improved their fertility parameters, while they had a slight effect on their metabolic profile and no effect on their milking performance.
Discovery Strategies to Maximize the Clinical Potential of T-Cell Engaging Antibodies for the Treatment of Solid Tumors
Authors: Voynov Vladimir , Adam Paul J. , Nixon Andrew E. , Scheer Justin M.
Published: November 2020

T-cell Engaging bispecific antibodies (TcEs) that can re-direct cytotoxic T-cells to kill cancer cells have been validated in clinical studies. To date, the clinical success with these agents has mainly been seen in hematologic tumor indications. However, an increasing number of TcEs are currently being developed to exploit the potent mode-of-action to treat solid tumor indications, which is more challenging in terms of tumor-cell accessibility and the complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Of particular interest is the potential of TcEs as an immunotherapeutic approach for the treatment of non-immunogenic (often referred to as cold) tumors that do not respond to checkpoint inhibitors such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies. This has led to considerable discovery efforts for, firstly, the identification of tumor selective targeting approaches that can safely re-direct cytotoxic T-cells to cancer cells, and, secondly, bispecific antibodies and their derivatives with drug-like properties that promote a potent cytolytic synapse between T-cells and tumor cells, and in the most advanced TcEs, have IgG-like pharmacokinetics for dosing convenience. Based on encouraging pre-clinical data, a growing number of TcEs against a broad range of targets, and using an array of different molecular structures have entered clinical studies for solid tumor indications, and the first clinical data is beginning to emerge. This review outlines the different approaches that have been taken to date in addressing the challenges of exploiting the TcE mode-of-action for a broad range of solid indications, as well as opportunities for future discovery potential.
Time Series Forecasting of Agricultural Products’ Sales Volumes Based on Seasonal Long Short-Term Memory
Authors: Yoo Tae-Woong , Oh Il-Seok
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we propose seasonal long short-term memory (SLSTM), which is a method for predicting the sales of agricultural products, to stabilize supply and demand. The SLSTM model is trained using the seasonality attributes of week, month, and quarter as additional inputs to historical time-series data. The seasonality attributes are entered into the SLSTM network model individually or in combination. The performance of the proposed SLSTM model was compared with those of auto_arima, Prophet, and a standard LSTM in terms of three performance metrics (mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE), and normalization mean absolute error (NMAE)). The experimental results show that the error rate of the proposed SLSTM model is significantly lower than those of other classical methods.
PUFF Model Prediction of Volcanic Ash Plume Dispersal for Sakurajima Using MP Radar Observation
Authors: Tanaka Hiroshi L. , Nakamichi Haruhisa , Iguchi Masato
Published: November 2020

In this study, a real-time volcanic ash plume prediction by the PUFF system was applied to the Sakurajima volcano (which erupted at 17:24 Japan Standard Time (JST) on 8 November 2019), using the direct observation of the multi-parameter (MP) radar data installed at the Sakurajima Volcano Research Center. The MP radar showed a plume height of 5500 m a.s.l. around the volcano. The height was higher than the 4000 m by the PUFF system, but was lower than the observational report of 6500 m by the Japan Meteorological Agency in Kagoshima. In this study, ash particles by the MP radar observation were assimilated to the running PUFF system operated by the real-time emission rate and plume height, since the radar provides accurate plume height. According to the simulation results, the model prediction has been improved in the shape of the ash cloud with accurate plume top by the new MP radar observation. The plume top is corrected from 4000 m to 5500 m a.s.l., and the three-dimensional (3D) ash dispersal agrees with the observation. It was demonstrated by this study that the direct observation of MP radar obviously improved the model prediction, and enhanced the reliability of the prediction model.
Statistically Downscaled CMIP6 Projections Show Stronger Warming for Germany
Authors: Kreienkamp Frank , Lorenz Philip , Geiger Tobias
Published: November 2020

Climate modelling output that was provided under the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) shows significant changes in model-specific Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity (ECS) as compared to CMIP5. The newer versions of many Global Climate Models (GCMs) report higher ECS values that result in stronger global warming than previously estimated. At the same time, the multi-GCM spread of ECS is significantly larger than under CMIP5. Here, we analyse how the differences between CMIP5 and CMIP6 affect climate projections for Germany. We use the statistical-empirical downscaling method EPISODES in order to downscale GCM data for the scenario pairs RCP4.5/SSP2-4.5 and RCP8.5/SSP5-8.5. We use data sets of the GCMs CanESM, EC-Earth, MPI-ESM, and NorESM. The results show that the GCM-specific changes in the ECS also have an impact at the regional scale. While the temperature signal under regional climate change remains comparable for both CMIP generations in the MPI-ESM chain, the temperature signal increases by up to 3 °C for the RCP8.5/SSP5-8.5 scenario pair in the EC-Earth chain. Changes in precipitation are less pronounced and they only show notable differences at the seasonal scale. The reported changes in the climate signal will have direct consequences for society. Climate change impacts previously projected for the high-emission RCP8.5 scenario might occur equally under the new SSP2-4.5 scenario.
Mutant Kras as a Biomarker Plays a Favorable Role in FL118-Induced Apoptosis, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production and Modulation of Survivin, Mcl-1 and XIAP in Human Bladder Cancer
Authors: Santha Sreevidya , Ling Xiang , Aljahdali Ieman A. M. , Rasam Sailee S. , Wang Xue , Liao Jianqun , Wang Jue , Fountzilas Christos , Li Qingyong , Qu Jun , Li Fengzhi
Published: November 2020

Tumor heterogeneity in key gene mutations in bladder cancer (BC) is a major hurdle for the development of effective treatments. Using molecular, cellular, proteomics and animal models, we demonstrated that FL118, an innovative small molecule, is highly effective at killing T24 and UMUC3 high-grade BC cells, which have Hras and Kras mutations, respectively. In contrast, HT1376 BC cells with wild-type Ras are insensitive to FL118. This concept was further demonstrated in additional BC and colorectal cancer cells with mutant Kras versus those with wild-type Kras. FL118 strongly induced PARP cleavage (apoptosis hallmark) and inhibited survivin, XIAP and/or Mcl-1 in both T24 and UMUC3 cells, but not in the HT1376 cells. Silencing mutant Kras reduced both FL118-induced PARP cleavage and downregulation of survivin, XIAP and Mcl-1 in UMUC3 cells, suggesting mutant Kras is required for FL118 to exhibit higher anticancer efficacy. FL118 increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in T24 and UMUC3 cells, but not in HT1376 cells. Silencing mutant Kras in UMUC3 cells reduced FL118-mediated ROS generation. Proteomics analysis revealed that a profound and opposing Kras-relevant signaling protein is changed in UMUC3 cells and not in HT1376 cells. Consistently, in vivo studies indicated that UMUC3 tumors are highly sensitive to FL118 treatment, while HT1376 tumors are highly resistant to this agent. Silencing mutant Kras in UMUC3 cell-derived tumors decreases UMUC3 tumor sensitivity to FL118 treatment. Together, our studies revealed that mutant Kras is a favorable biomarker for FL118 targeted treatment.
ZFHX3 Promotes the Proliferation and Tumor Growth of ER-Positive Breast Cancer Cells Likely by Enhancing Stem-Like Features and MYC and TBX3 Transcription
Authors: Dong Ge , Ma Gui , Wu Rui , Liu Jinming , Liu Mingcheng , Gao Ang , Li Xiawei , A Jun , Liu Xiaoyu , Zhang Zhiqian , Zhang Baotong , Fu Liya , Dong Jin-Tang
Published: November 2020

Breast cancer is a common malignancy, but the understanding of its cellular and molecular mechanisms is limited. ZFHX3, a transcription factor with many homeodomains and zinc fingers, suppresses prostatic carcinogenesis but promotes tumor growth of liver cancer cells. ZFHX3 regulates mammary epithelial cells’ proliferation and differentiation by interacting with estrogen and progesterone receptors, potent breast cancer regulators. However, whether ZFHX3 plays a role in breast carcinogenesis is unknown. Here, we found that ZFHX3 promoted the proliferation and tumor growth of breast cancer cells in culture and nude mice; and higher expression of ZFHX3 in human breast cancer specimens was associated with poorer prognosis. The knockdown of ZFHX3 in ZFHX3-high MCF-7 cells decreased, and ZFHX3 overexpression in ZFHX3-low T-47D cells increased the proportion of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) defined by mammosphere formation and the expression of CD44, CD24, and/or aldehyde dehydrogenase 1. Among several transcription factors that have been implicated in BCSCs, MYC and TBX3 were transcriptionally activated by ZFHX3 via promoter binding, as demonstrated by luciferase-reporter and ChIP assays. These findings suggest that ZFHX3 promotes breast cancer cells’ proliferation and tumor growth likely by enhancing BCSC features and upregulating MYC, TBX3, and others.
Incidence, Survival, and Mortality Trends of Cancers Diagnosed in Adolescents and Young Adults (15–39 Years): A Population-Based Study in The Netherlands 1990–2016
Authors: van der Meer Daniël J. , Karim-Kos Henrike E. , van der Mark Marianne , Aben Katja K. H. , Bijlsma Rhodé M. , Rijneveld Anita W. , van der Graaf Winette T. A. , Husson Olga
Published: November 2020

Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients, aged 15–39 years at primary cancer diagnosis, form a distinct, understudied, and underserved group in cancer care. This study aimed to assess long-term trends in incidence, survival, and mortality of AYA cancer patients within the Netherlands. Data on all malignant AYA tumours diagnosed between 1990–2016 (n = 95,228) were obtained from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. European age-standardised incidence and mortality rates with average annual percentage change (AAPC) statistics and five-year relative survival rates were calculated. The overall cancer incidence increased from 54.6 to 70.3 per 100,000 person-years (AAPC: +1.37%) between 1990–2016, and increased for both sexes individually and for most cancer types. Five-year relative survival overall improved from 73.7% in 1990–1999 to 86.4% in 2010–2016 and improved for both sexes and most cancer types. Survival remained poor (<60%) for rhabdomyosarcoma, lung, stomach, liver, bladder, and pancreatic carcinomas, among others. Mortality rates among male AYAs overall declined from 10.8 to 6.6 (AAPC: −1.64%) and from 14.4 to 10.1 per 100,000 person-years (AAPC: −1.81%) for female AYAs since 1990. Mortality rates remained unchanged for male AYAs aged 20–24 and 25–29 years. In conclusion, over the past three decades, there has been a considerable increase in cancer incidence among AYAs in the Netherlands. Meanwhile, the survival improved and the mortality overall declined. Survival at five-years now well exceeds above 80%, but did not do so for all cancer types.