bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of the application of herbicides against pests in sunflower fields
Authors: Norkulov Usman , Ahmurzayev Shavkat , Nasirov Bakhtiyar , Shodmanov Makhkam , Tukhtashev Batir , Eshonkulov Jamoliddin
Published: September 2023

This article investigates the impact of herbicides Pilot, Roundup, 36% se, and Sprut, 54% se on the growth, development, and productivity of soybean plants. The study examines how different application rates of these herbicides affect soybean crops when used to control the spread of sunflower fields. Additionally, the research includes an assessment of the economic efficiency associated with the use of these herbicides. The study aims to understand the effects of these herbicides on soybean plants, considering factors such as plant growth, development stages, and final yield. Different application rates of the herbicides are tested to determine their optimal dosages for effective sunflower field control while ensuring minimal impact on the soybean crop. Furthermore, the article presents an analysis of the economic implications of using these herbicides. This includes considerations of the cost-effectiveness and benefits associated with the use of each herbicide in soybean cultivation when compared to other weed control methods. By providing valuable information on the influence of these herbicides on soybean crops, the research aims to aid farmers and agronomists in making informed decisions about weed management strategies. The findings can contribute to the development of more efficient and sustainable approaches to control sunflower fields while maximizing soybean productivity and overall economic returns.
Improving elements of sesame growing agrotechnology in the climate conditions of Khorezm province, Uzbekistan
Authors: Amanova Makhfurat , Rustamov Abdumalik , Rustamov Behzod
Published: September 2023

In the agricultural landscape of Uzbekistan, an area of 15-18 thousand hectares is dedicated annually to the cultivation of sesame, serving as a supplementary source of income for many. The resulting sesame harvest is predominantly distributed within domestic markets, while a portion is earmarked for international export. The average sesame seed yield in Uzbekistan stands at 4-5 tons per hectare in rain-fed conditions and 8-14 tons per hectare in irrigated settings. In light of these circumstances, the core objective of this study is to ascertain the optimal timing, seeding rate, and cultivation technique for the production of premium-grade exportable sesame goods, uniquely tailored to the climatic conditions prevalent in the Khorezm province of Uzbekistan. By delving into these variables, researchers aim to uncover strategies that maximize the quality and quantity of sesame crops in Khorezm. Such insights hold the potential to not only enhance local production and export capabilities but also contribute to the agricultural economy of the region. By striving to identify the most effective practices, this study seeks to streamline the cultivation process, boost sesame yield, and elevate the overall agricultural landscape in the Khorezm province.
Adaptation of breeding goats for the milk purposes to climate conditions
Authors: Davronov Bakhtiyor , Eshmatov Izatulla , Eshmatova Shakhnoza
Published: September 2023

This article presents valuable opinions on the importation of purebred young goats from foreign countries and its impact on various aspects of dairy goat breeding. The importation of purebred young goats plays a significant role in the establishment of farm subjects specializing in dairy goat breeding. One aspect highlighted in the article is the importance of introducing purebred young goats to improve the genetic pool of local dairy goat populations. By bringing in high-quality genetics from foreign countries, dairy goat breeders can enhance the productivity, milk yield, and overall performance of their herds. This can lead to increased milk production and improved milk quality, benefiting the dairy industry as a whole. Furthermore, the article discusses the significance of adapting imported dairy goats to the local natural climatic conditions. Importing goats from foreign countries may expose them to different climates, which can impact their health and productivity. Proper adaptation measures are essential to ensure the well-being of these animals and their successful integration into the local environment. Moreover, the article explores clinical signs and morphological characteristics of blood in mother goats during the process of adaptation to the natural climatic conditions. Monitoring and understanding these physiological changes are crucial for ensuring the well-being and health of the mother goats, as well as the successful rearing of their offspring.
Wheat thrips (Haplothrips tritici Kurd.) damage on grain crops in Uzbekistan
Authors: Abdillayev Marat , Bababekov Qalandar
Published: September 2023

This article provides comprehensive insights into the detrimental impact of wheat thrips, a widespread and persistent pest that affects wheat crops within our country. The research delves into the conditions under which wheat thrips cause substantial harm to crops, taking into account the specific climatic factors present within our region. A comparative analysis of pest prevalence and the resulting damage was conducted between the years 2020 and 2023. The study underscores that wheat thrips infestation leads to significant harm across various growth stages of wheat, spanning from the tillering phase to the maturity phase. Through meticulous investigation, the research reveals that wheat thrips can be found at varying densities, ranging from 5 to 35 thrips per stem within typical agricultural fields. To enhance its content, the article is enriched with tables and images that illustrate the outcomes derived from the research. This visual and data-driven approach amplifies the understanding of the pest’s impact, its prevalence, and the associated damage it inflicts upon wheat crops.
Regional distribution and ecological-phytocenotic description of dominant plants of Southern Uzbekistan
Authors: Norboboeva Tashbibi , Yakubjonova Shokhsanam , Haydarova Halima , Karakhanova Lobarkhan
Published: September 2023

This article analyzes the results of the research conducted by scientists in the study of plants of the region. Taking into account the laws of the distribution of plants in the regions, the dominant plants of the desert, hill, mountain and pasture regions of South Uzbekistan are given an ecological and phytocenotic description. In particular, the results of the expedition conducted to study the plants distributed in each region, and the results of experimental research are highlighted. According to it, information on the Latin name of plants, ecological status, distribution according to soil types, dominance characteristics, communities is provided. The formation of vegetation cover specific to the climate of each region was analyzed. In particular, dryness (lack of moisture) and high temperature for the desert determine unfavorable climatic conditions for plant life. Here, the shortness of the growing season of plants, mainly due to the lack of precipitation, early drying of the soil, often determines the summer and winter dormancy of two dormant periods in the seasonal development of plants. Despite the fact that desert conditions are unfavorable for plants, it is possible to observe their diversity during the seasonal vegetation period. Adir is located between a barren desert and a mesothermal mountain, and according to the living conditions of the plants, the stage part is arid, and the upper part is close to the mountain.
Bacterial flora of infected vegetable crops
Authors: Azimova Nodira , Xamidova Xurshida , Karimov Husniddin , Xaytbaeva Nodira , Ravshanov Baxtiyor , Yesenova Dilfuza
Published: September 2023

The focal point of the article revolves around the examination of bacteria isolated from infected vegetable crops. The study encompasses a comprehensive analysis of various attributes including colony structure, color, and size of these isolated bacteria in their pure form. To enhance our understanding, fixed preparations were meticulously crafted from these isolates, followed by Gram staining. The isolates were scrutinized under immersion oil using an x 100 lens and specialized microscopy equipment, namely the xsp-136 B and N-300m microscope (UCMOSO9000KPB), magnifying them up to 1000 times. To further delve into the taxonomic classification of these isolated strains, the MALDI-TOF method was employed. The strains were precisely identified through this method, carried out at the Department of Sanitary and Epidemiological Control, utilizing state-of-the-art Bruker equipment. Central to the research was the exploration of the pathogenic properties of these bacteria in relation to plants. To this end, a pivotal experiment was conducted wherein seeds of tomatoes and eggplants were artificially planted using these isolated bacteria. The culmination of these investigations has resulted in the creation of four distinct tables, meticulously supplemented with figures to visually encapsulate the findings. In essence, the article presents a comprehensive exploration of the isolated bacteria’s attributes, classification, and their potential pathogenic impact on plants.
Efficient utilization of anthropogenic waste: a particular focus on phosphogypsum and ash slag
Authors: Aminov Khamza , Yuldashev Farhad
Published: September 2023

The focal point of this article resides in the pressing concern surrounding the mounting stockpiles of man-made waste, specifically phosphogypsum and ash slag, which have amassed in voluminous dumps across the global landscape, collectively amounting to millions of tons. This paramount issue, reverberating on a global scale, underscores the dire need for innovative strategies for the efficient disposal of such waste materials. Within the pages of this article, we endeavor to delve into the intricacies of man-made waste management, with a spotlight on the poignant predicament posed by phosphogypsum and ash slag. These residues, often regarded as byproducts of various industrial processes, have amassed into colossal accumulations that not only present significant environmental challenges but also beckon for sustainable solutions that navigate minimal losses and optimal resource utilization. Our discourse will not only shed light on the gravity of the problem at hand but will also unveil a method that stands as an epitome of effectiveness in waste management. Through a rigorous examination of current practices, combined with a judicious exploration of novel approaches, our proposed solution surfaces as a beacon of hope—a blueprint that embodies not only technical ingenuity but also a commitment to conservation and ecological harmony. Amidst the labyrinthine intricacies of waste disposal, the approach we advocate asserts its credentials through its compelling efficacy and economic feasibility.
Optimisation of Bioethanol Production from Oil Palm Trunk Sap
Authors: Gimbun Jolius , Mohd Nasir Nor Shahirah , Zainal Abidin Sumaiya , Cheng Chin Kui , Mel Maizirwan
Published: September 2023

This paper presents an optimization of bioethanol production from oil palm trunk sap (OPTS) fermentation. The OPTS was obtained from an old palm tree (30 years old), whereas ethanol fermentation was carried out using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The sugar content in OPTS and fermentation mother liquor was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The parameters such as initial pH, temperature, and agitation rate were optimised using response surface methodology (RSM) with rotatable central composite design (CCD). It was found that the highest yield of bioethanol (75.82%) was obtained at the initial pH (5.79), temperature (31.05 ºC), and agitation rate (164.38 rpm). The optimization model of OPTS fermentation to bioethanol developed in this work may provide useful guidance to obtain a high ethanol yield from OPTS.
Boranka - the largest volunteer reforestation campaign in Europe in terms of the number of volunteers and the number of planted trees
Authors: Gotal Dmitrović Lovorka , Čerepinko Darijo , Jozić Nikola
Published: September 2023

Public education campaigns and strategically used public relations tactics could enhance broad goals of environmental protection and restoration through building awareness and enticing to action. In case study of Boranka, one of the most successful non-profit ecological campaigns it is presented how by using element of green marketing, smart PR strategies, easy-to-use tools and engaging, emotinal story a number of people could be brought together into collective eco-friendly action. Over the course of four years Boranka resulted in more than 100,000 new trees that have been planted in burned areas throughout Croatia with more than 8,500 volunteers participating in seeding activities while over the HRK 2,170,000 (over the €288,000) was collected in funds and almost HRK 5,000,000 (about €664,000) in material goods, services and advertising space.
An Anonymous Authentication Scheme with Selective Linkability and Threshold Traceability
Authors: PU Guangning , YIN Fengmei
Published: September 2023

In order to protect the user's privacy identity, authentication requires anonymous authentication. Anonymous authentication is divided into unconditional anonymous authentication and traceable anonymous authentication. Unconditional anonymous authentication can verify that the user belongs to an anonymous set, but the user's true identity cannot be obtained. However, in some applications, it is necessary to trace the true identity of the user. Therefore, a traceable anonymous authentication scheme is proposed. In order to prevent random tracing, the proposed scheme uses threshold joint tracing. When the identity of the authenticator needs to be traced, the threshold number of members can jointly trace the identity of the authenticator. In some special network applications such as anonymous electronic voting, in order to prevent repeated authentications and repeated elections, it is necessary to verify whether the two authentication signatures are signed by the same user without revealing the true identity of the user. Therefore, the proposed anonymous authentication scheme should have selective linkability. In order to achieve linkable authentication, the linkable tag is embedded by linkable ring signature. Compared with similar schemes through the simulation experiments, the implementation time of the proposed scheme is slightly better than other schemes.
Osteoporose Update
Authors: Thomasius Friederike
Published: September 2023

Im Osteoporose Update wird auf relevante, aktuelle, d. h. mit Fokus auf in
den letzten 6 Monaten publizierte Paper, eingegangen, die in den Zusammenhang mit
Empfehlungen der Leitlinie gestellt werden.

In diesem Update soll auf folgende Fragestellung eingegangen werden:

Ist Evidenz, die aus Real-World Daten gewonnen wird, äquivalent zu der
Evidenz zu sehen, die in prospektiven Studien generiert werden?
Palpationsdiagnostik – Spezifische Trigger points an den
Extremitäten beim Hund
Authors: Zohmann Andreas
Published: September 2023

Der diagnostische wie auch therapeutische Einsatz von bestimmten Haut-, Muskel-
und Knochenpunkten hat bei Mensch und Tier eine lange Tradition. Die Bezeichnung
„Trigger point“ fand erstmals 1936 Erwähnung. Dieser
Artikel gibt einen Überblick zu Lokalisation, Auffindung und Bedeutung
ausgewählter Trigger points im Bereich der Extremitäten.
The Interplay Between COVID-19 and Pediatric Endocrine Disorders.
What have we Learned After More than Three Years of the
Pandemic?
Authors: Kostopoulou Eirini
Published: September 2023

As an increased body of COVID-19 related research is now available, it becomes
apparent that the effects of COVID-19 extend beyond that of the respiratory
system. Among others, the endocrine system is particularly vulnerable to
perturbation from the COVID-19 infection. The present scoping review summarizes
the bidirectional relationship between COVID-19 and endocrine system in children
and adolescents, by describing both the possible susceptibility of children and
adolescents without endocrinopathies to endocrine disorders following COVID-19
infection, but also the potential susceptibility to COVID-19 infection and
severe infection, or the aggravation of endocrine dysfunction in patients with
pre-existing endocrine diseases. Data suggest increased obesity and diabetes
rates, as well as increased severity and frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis
following COVID-19 infection. Conversely, patients with diabetes and obesity may
experience a more severe course of COVID-19 infection. However, in the majority
of cases, children and adolescents with well-managed and regulated endocrine
disorders do not appear to be at increased risk of infection or severe infection
from COVID-19. Thus, adhering to the appropriate “sick day management
rules”, maintaining adequate supply of medications and supplies, keeping
close contact with the therapeutic team and seeking medical help without delay
when needed, are the main recommendations for a safe outcome. Additional lessons
learnt during the pandemic include the risk for mental health diseases caused by
children’s disrupted routine due to COVID-19 related protective measures
and the importance of adopting alternative communication options, such as
telehealth visits, in order to ensure uninterrupted endocrine care.
The C-Type Lectin Receptor CD93 Regulates Platelet Activation and Surface Expression of the Protease Activated Receptor 4
Authors: Trivigno Silvia Maria Grazia , Vismara Mauro , Canobbio Ilaria , Rustichelli Serena , Galvagni Federico , Orlandini Maurizio , Torti Mauro , Guidetti Gianni Francesco
Published: September 2023

Background The C-type lectin receptor CD93 is a single pass type I transmembrane glycoprotein involved in inflammation, immunity, and angiogenesis. This study investigates the role of CD93 in platelet function. CD93 knockout (KO) mice and wild-type (WT) controls were compared in this study.

Methods Platelet activation and aggregation were investigated by flow cytometry and light transmission aggregometry, respectively. Protein expression and phosphorylation were analyzed by immunoblotting. Subcellular localization of membrane receptors was investigated by wide-field and confocal microscopy.

Results The lack of CD93 in mice was not associated to any evident bleeding defect and no alterations of platelet activation were observed upon stimulation with thromboxane A2 analogue and convulxin. Conversely, platelet aggregation induced by stimulation of the thrombin receptor PAR4 was significantly reduced in the absence of CD93. This defect was associated with a significant reduction of α-granule secretion, integrin αIIbβ3 activation, and protein kinase C (PKC) stimulation. Resting WT and CD93-deficient platelets expressed comparable amounts of PAR4. However, upon stimulation with a PAR4 activating peptide, a more pronounced clearance of PAR4 from the platelet surface was observed in CD93-deficient platelets compared with WT controls. Confocal microscopy analysis revealed a massive movement of PAR4 in cytosolic compartments of activated platelets lacking CD93. Accordingly, platelet desensitization following PAR4 stimulation was more pronounced in CD93 KO platelets compared with WT controls.

Conclusion These results demonstrate that CD93 supports platelet activation triggered by PAR4 stimulation and is required to stabilize the expression of the thrombin receptor on the cell surface.
Antiviral Activity of Cinchona officinalis, a Homeopathic Medicine, against COVID-19
Authors: Arumugam Somasundaram , Vadivel Kumaravel , Dhaked Devendra Kumar , Prasanna Vani Sai , Yellurkar Manoj Limbraj , Das Pamelika , Manoharan Raja , Thomas Austin Jose , Singh Lalith , Singh Subhas , Velayutham Ravichandiran
Published: September 2023

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a potentially fatal disease caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several studies have shown that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) significantly inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infections in vitro.

Objective Since the phytoconstituents of Cinchona officinalis (CO) are similar to those of HCQ, the objective of this study was to test the antiviral potential of different homeopathic formulations of CO.

Methods An analysis of the molecular composition of CO was carried out using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, followed by a detailed docking study. The constituents of CO were docked against various targets of SARS-CoV-2, and the binding potential of the phytoconstituents was compared and quantified. The ligand with the lowest Glide docking score is considered to have the best binding affinity. The cytotoxicity of several homeopathic formulations, including CO mother tincture (CO-MT), was also checked on VeroE6 cells. A known antiviral, remdesivir, was used as a positive control for the in vitro assays to evaluate the effects of CO-MT against SARS-CoV-2-infected VeroE6 cells.

Results Molecular docking studies showed that constituents of CO exhibited binding potential to various targets of SARS-CoV-2, including Mpro, PLpro, RdRp, nucleocapsid protein, ACE2 (in host) and spike protein. Quinoline, one of the constituents of CO, can potentially bind the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Quinic acid showed better binding capabilities with Mpro, PLpro RdRp, nucleocapsid protein and ACE2 (allosteric site) than other constituents. Quinidine exhibited better binding to ACE2. Compared to HCQ, other phytoconstituents of CO had the equivalent potential to bind the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, nucleocapsid protein, Mpro, PLpro and spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. In vitro assays showed that homeopathic CO-MT was not cytotoxic and that CO-MT and remdesivir respectively caused 89% and 99% inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infection in VeroE6 cells.

Conclusion Based on this in silico and in vitro evidence, we propose CO-MT as a promising antiviral medicine candidate for treating COVID-19. In vivo investigation is required to clarify the therapeutic potential of CO-MT in COVID-19.
Role of 18F-FDG PET-CT in Urethral Malignant Melanoma and Analysis of the UK Guidelines on Ano-uro-genital Melanomas
Authors: Mahato Abhishek , Jain Anurag , Manoj M.G. , Joshi Richa
Published: September 2023

Urethral melanomas are a rare subtype of noncutaneous melanomas. The disease has a tendency to have skip lesions and early metastases as compared with cutaneous melanomas. The role of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET-CT) is well established in cases of cutaneous melanomas and is recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) for stage IIB to IV cancer. There are no established guidelines on the management of noncutaneous melanomas; however, a recently published United Kingdom national guideline aims to streamline the management of ano-uro-genital melanomas. The guideline describes a very limited role in the use of 18F-FDG PET-CT in this case scenario. The tendency to skip lesions, early metastases, involvement of brain parenchyma, and finally the usage of anti-PD-1 medications are key areas where 18F-FDG PET-CT has shown superiority over CT scan. With this case report, we aim to highlight the strength of 18F-FDG PET-CT in the management of urethral melanomas, which can be extrapolated to other ano-uro-genital melanomas.
Design and Development of an Objective Evaluation System for a Web-Based Simulator for Trauma Management
Authors: Larraga-García Blanca , Castañeda López Luis , Monforte-Escobar Fernando , Quintero Mínguez Rubén , Quintana-Díaz Manuel , Gutiérrez Álvaro
Published: September 2023

Background Trauma injuries are one of the main leading causes of death in the world. Training with guidelines and protocols is adequate to provide a fast and efficient treatment to patients that suffer a trauma injury.

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate deviations from a set protocol, a new set of metrics has been proposed and tested in a pilot study.

Methods The participants were final-year students from the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and first-year medical residents from the Hospital Universitario La Paz. They were asked to train four trauma scenarios with a web-based simulator for 2 weeks. A test was performed pre-training and another one post-training to evaluate the evolution of the treatment to those four trauma scenarios considering a predefined trauma protocol and based on the new set of metrics. The scenarios were pelvic and lower limb traumas in a hospital and in a prehospital setting, which allow them to learn and assess different trauma protocols.

Results The results show that, in general, there is an improvement of the new metrics after training with the simulator.

Conclusion These new metrics provide comprehensive information for both trainers and trainees. For trainers, the evaluation of the simulation is automated and contains all relevant information to assess the performance of the trainee. And for trainees, it provides valuable real-time information that could support the trauma management learning process.
Association of Risk Factors with At-Risk Cases of Autism
Authors: Ravi S. Reena , Mendonca Theresa Leonilda
Published: September 2023

A neurological condition known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) first manifests before the age of 3. Numerous factors may have an impact on the development of autism; however, its precise causes are yet unknown. The research aims to identify certain risk factors that associate with children at a higher risk of developing autism. This study is a descriptive analysis of 80 children who were identified as being at risk for autism and meeting the requirements of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers at the community health center. A semistructured proforma was used to collect the baseline data from the mother and the child. Through the use of a thoughtfully created checklist, each child enrolled in the study had a thorough history completed, including the suspected prenatal, intranatal, neonatal, and infant risk factors with the help of their mothers. Descriptive statistics with frequency percentages were adopted for the demographic data of the participants. To find the association between possible risk factors and at-risk cases of ASD, an independent t-test was used. Fisher's exact test and Pearson's chi-squared test (p = 0.05, confidence interval = 95%) were used to find how the risks (odds ratios) of the factors studied affect the incidence of ASD. It was discovered that prenatal risk factors, such as pregnancy-related infections and medication use, were statistically significantly linked to an increased risk for autism. Significant intranatal risk factors for autism risk included a breech presentation, cesarean section, forced labor, and resuscitation at birth. Similar to this, the neonatal risk factors included maternal hemorrhage, Rh or ABO incompatibility, birth injuries, and feeding problems. Poor socioeconomic status and seizures were the baby risk variables, both of which were statistically significant and linked to an increased chance of autism. The results of the study support an array of perinatal, intranatal, neonatal, and infant risk factors linked to the likelihood of developing autism.
Unrevealing the role of miRNA in successful TNBC treatment: A pilot study to explore the chemotherapy drugs for timely treatment of TNBC
Authors: Sarkar Poulami , Chowdhary Rashmi , Yadav Ashish Kumar , Arya Neha , Pandya Bharti , Kumar Vinay , Kanwar Jagat R. , Siddiqui Arshi , Khan Roji Begum
Published: September 2023

Objectives:

Worldwide, breast cancer is the most prevalent and common type of cancer. Physical examination and mammography with a range of sensitivities are currently used as screening methods. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) gene expression. MicroRNAs (miRNA) as potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers, miRNA 125, 200c, 221, 21, and 34a were selected for study.

Materials and Methods:

Here, 25 consenting TNBC patients with negative ER/PR/HER-2 status and compatible history were accrued from the Department of Oncosurgery, All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bhopal. Serum from participants and 25 controls was collected for quantitative estimation of miRNA by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. After being treated with epirubicin, capecitabine, and paclitaxel, the MDA-MB-231 cell line’s expression of these miRNA subtypes was also examined.

Statistical Analysis:

All statistical analyses, pie charts, dot plots, and box-whisker plots were performed using EZR (Easy R), R Commander version 2.7-1. Bar graphs were created using Microsoft Excel 2019 software. Heat map graphics were produced using Graph Prism Version 9.

Results:

miRNA125 (p< 0.0001) and miRNA21 (p< 0.05) were found to be statistically significant. miR125 (DCt [cycle threshold] 2.77) was seen to be upregulated and miR21 (DCt -1.61) was seen to be downregulated in TNBC patients. Epirubicin treatment caused miR125 to be downregulated, but capecitabine treatment caused miR125 to be upregulated. Paclitaxel was seen to downregulate miR21. All three chemotherapeutic agents were seen to downregulate miR34a.

Conclusion:

miRNAs can be developed into a reliable biomarker and prognostic tool with more research. They can also help develop and improve pharmaco-therapeutic strategies.
The interplay of indexicality between essence and meanings: an interconnection of experiences and memory
Authors: Pala Kiran
Published: September 2023

This article looks at Husserlian ideas as an analytical tool to explain the cognitive aspects of experiences that range between knowledge acts in inferences and Mulligan’s contemporary perspective of meaning formation, through reflections of relations. The essay also takes into consideration the views of Levinas and Hintikka, for whom experiences form the foundations of intuitive capacity. These perspectives are essential concerning epistemic evidence to self (I/me-ness): mental objects and spatiotemporal relations are the structural notions of episteme on their own; their dynamics were tightly coordinated at an intentional process to strengthen episteme; this coordination appeared to be a state change caused in epistemic evidence.

Experience is a process that continually gives us new material to digest; Experience leads ever on and on, and objects and our ideas of objects may both lead to the same goal.(James, 1909/1975: 208, 258)
Sustainable supply chain, digital transformation, and blockchain technology adoption in the tourism sector
Authors: Sarfraz Muddassar , Khawaja Kausar Fiaz , Han Heesup , Ariza-Montes Antonio , Arjona-Fuentes Juan Manuel
Published: September 2023

This paper seeks to examine the influence of sustainable supply chain strategy (SSCS) on sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) by considering the mediating role of blockchain technology (BCT) adoption and the moderating role of Digital Transformation (DT) and sustainable supply chain practices (SSCP). Drawing upon the resource-based view theory, we empirically tested our model using a sample of 331 hotel and resort managers, and a quantitative approach was used. The results revealed that BCT adoption mediates the relationship between SSCS and SCA. They further explain that DT significantly moderates the relationship between the SSCS and BCT adoption, whereas SSCP significantly moderates the relationship between the BCT adoption and SCA. All research objectives are successfully obtained. As a result, firms must not only adopt sustainable strategies, but also adopt advanced technologies and transformative practices in order to maintain a competitive advantage in today’s dynamic market landscape. The findings of this study hold significant implications for both theory and practice, providing strategic insights for organizations seeking to improve their competitive positioning by embracing sustainable strategies and technologies.
The relationship between L2 vocabulary knowledge and reading proficiency: The moderating effects of vocabulary fluency
Authors: Tong Yanli , Hasim Zuwati , Abdul Halim Huzaina
Published: September 2023

In this study, we ascertain the links between the four dimensions of L2 vocabulary knowledge and L2 reading proficiency and the moderating effects of vocabulary fluency. For this purpose, 312 EFL Chinese university student volunteers were recruited from six majors at one tertiary university in Southeast China, and they took a series of vocabulary tests and the IELTS reading test. SEM and PING’S SINGLE INDICATOR INTERACTION methods were adopted to analyze the collected test data. The results indicated that (a) receptive lexical knowledge has a much closer link with reading proficiency than productive vocabulary knowledge; (b) among the four dimensions of L2 vocabulary knowledge, receptive vocabulary depth has a closer connection with reading proficiency than receptive vocabulary breadth; (c) vocabulary fluency has a substantial moderating effect on the connection between L2 vocabulary and reading proficiency; and (d) multiple regression analysis verifies that whole-word knowledge explains 49% of the variance in L2 reading testing grades. We discuss theoretical and instructional implications, focusing on the role of the four dimensions of L2 vocabulary knowledge in the vocabulary assessment criteria for developing L2 reading proficiency.
Exploring the impact of intelligent learning tools on students’ independent learning abilities: a PLS-SEM analysis of grade 6 students in China
Authors: Pan Rouye , Qin Zihan , Zhang Lan , Lou Ligao , Yu Huiju , Yang Junfeng
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of interaction quality and information quality of intelligent learning tools on students’ satisfaction and intention to use these tools, as well as to examine the relationship between the intention to use intelligent learning tools and students’ independent learning abilities. The study utilized Smart-PLS 3, a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), to analyze data collected from 384 Grade 6 students in China. The results of the study showed that (a) intention to use intelligent learning tools had a significant and direct impact on students’ independent learning abilities; (b) interaction quality did not have a significant impact on intention to use, but information quality and satisfaction with the tools did have an impact on intention to use; (c) interaction quality and information quality indirectly influenced intention to use through students’ satisfaction with the tools. Furthermore, this research provided valuable recommendations for improving the interaction quality and information quality of intelligent learning tools, which can ultimately enhance students’ independent learning abilities.
An efficient two-phase flow calculation method based on grid mergence and dimension transformation
Authors: Zhang Bozi , Cheng Shenshen , Tao Ruyi , Jiang Kun
Published: September 2023

Two-phase flow numerical methods are applied in internal ballistics widely, which has made higher fidelity analysis with minimal cost become an urgent demand. Current methods are based on independent dimension, and there is no definite conversion criterion and data transmission method, which have limited the application of efficient hybrid models applied to calculation. In this paper, we propose a hybrid method by linking a two dimensional (2D) model to a one dimensional (1D) model for two-phase flow. First, 1D and 2D two-phase flow models are established according to the flow field states in different phases. Next, the criterion of conversion between the two models is established, which is a quantitative index to judge the degree of radial effect and axial effect. Finally, dimension transformation in the radial direction and grid mergence in the axial direction are conducted to complete the whole computing model. The simulation results show that the hybrid method is more efficient in the interior ballistic process and maintains the level of trust in classical codes. Compared with the 2D method, the hybrid method significantly improves the computational efficiency by 86.5%. By analyzing the state in the chamber, the accuracy of the conversion criterion is confirmed. This criterion can be used as the transformation criterion of the hybrid model to form the standard multi-dimensional calculation transformation criterion of interior ballistics and may be promising for the rapid simulation of two-phase flow in interior ballistics.
Observation of strong photorefractive-like effect in silica micro-fibers
Authors: Yan Yue , Hu Mengpeng , Sun Panpan , Duan Kun , Wang Qiang , Ren Wei
Published: September 2023

We observe the strong photorefractive (PR)-like effect in silica micro-fibers, which is different from the previously reported nonlinear behaviors in optical fiber devices. The micro-fiber is fabricated by tapering a standard silica single-mode fiber using the hydrogen flame. Two fiber Bragg gratings are fused at each end of the micro-fiber to form a Fabry–Pérot cavity, enabling us to observe the nonlinear dynamics. By situating the silica micro-fiber in a gas medium (i.e., N2, Ar, He, and air), we observe the remarkable PR-like effect, especially under the low-pressure condition below 80 Torr. In fact, the nonlinear effect increases with the reduced pressure as a power function. Such a nonlinear effect is also affected by the laser wavelength detuning rate, input laser power, and micro-fiber diameter. Finally, a nonlinear cavity dynamics model is adopted to well describe the observed nonlinear effect.
Characterization of a retroreflector array for 320-GHz interferometer system in Heliotron J
Authors: Zhang P. , Ohshima S. , Zhao H. , Kobayashi S. , Kado S. , Minami T. , Kin F. , Miyashita A. , Iwata A. , Kondo Y. , Qiu D. , Wang C. , Luo M. , Konoshima S. , Inagaki S. , Okada H. , Mizuuchi T. , Nagasaki K.
Published: September 2023

A retroreflector array, composed of a cluster of small retroreflectors, is experimentally studied for application to a Michelson-type interferometer system in the fusion plasma experiment. Such a new-type reflector has the potential to be a vital and effective tool at a spatially limited location, such as on the vacuum chamber wall of plasma experimental devices. To investigate the effect of retroreflector array on the reflected beam properties, a tabletop experiment is performed with the retroreflector array composed of 4 mm corner-cube retroreflectors and with a 320-GHz (λ ∼ 0.937 mm) submillimeter wave source. An imaging camera is utilized to measure the submillimeter wave beam profile and is scanned perpendicularly to the beam propagation direction if necessary. The experimental result exhibits a diffraction effect on the reflected beam, resulting in the emergence of discrete peaks on the reflected beam profile, as predicted in the past numerical study; however, the most reflected beam power converges on the one reflected into the incident direction, resulting from a property as a retroreflector. Furthermore, the dependence of the reflected beam on the incident beam angle is characterized while fixing the detector position, and the retroreflection beam intensity is found to vary due to the diffraction effect. Such an undesired variation of beam intensity induced by the diffraction can be suppressed with a focusing lens placed in front of the detector in the practical application to an interferometer.
A mathematical model-based investigation of liquid film dewetting over porous solid substrates
Authors: Sathyanath Rahul , Kalpathy Sreeram K.
Published: September 2023

Thin liquid films resting on solid surfaces are susceptible to dewetting when physical inhomogeneities like surface roughness, textured patterns, and porosities are present on the substrate surface. These inhomogeneities affect liquid transport phenomena through dynamic wetting behavior and imbibition. They can render the liquid film unstable, thereby resulting in rupture and dewetting. Here, we mathematically model and simulate the dynamics of a thin liquid film with passive air above it, dewetting a porous solid substrate that bounds the liquid from below. The solid is modeled as a surface with regions of equally spaced pores, with a partial slip condition for the lateral velocity component of the liquid film, a spatially varying long-range attractive force parameter, as well as short-range repulsive interaction force parameters between the liquid–air interface and liquid–solid interface. Our results explain how the size and spacing of pore regions on the substrate, slip length of the liquid, and intermolecular force potentials influence the formation of morphological patterns and dewetting time scales of the liquid film.
Development of a cryogen-free sub-3 K low-temperature scanning probe microscope by remote liquefaction scheme
Authors: Ma Ruisong , Li Hao , Shi Chenshuai , Wang Fan , Lei Le , Huang Yuanzhi , Liu Yani , Shan Huan , Liu Li , Huang Shesong , Niu Zhi-Chuan , Huan Qing , Gao Hong-Jun
Published: September 2023

We developed a new scheme for cryogen-free cooling down to sub-3 K temperature range and ultra-low vibration level. An ultra-high-vacuum cryogen-free scanning probe microscope (SPM) system was built based on the new scheme. Instead of mounting a below-decoupled cryocooler directly onto the system, the new design was realized by integrating a Gifford-McMahon cryocooler into a separate liquefying chamber, providing two-stage heat exchangers in a remote way. About 10 L of helium gas inside the gas handling system was cooled, liquefied in the liquefying chamber, and then transferred to a continuous-flow cryostat on the SPM chamber through an ∼2 m flexible helium transfer line. The exhausted helium gas from the continuous-flow cryostat was then returned to the liquefying chamber for reliquefaction. A base temperature of ∼2.84 K at the scanner sample stage and a temperature fluctuation of almost within ±0.1 mK at 4 K were achieved. The cooling curves, tunneling current noise, variable-temperature test, scanning tunneling microscopy and non-contact atomic force microscopy imaging, and first and second derivatives of I(V) spectra are characterized to verify that the performance of our cryogen-free SPM system is comparable to the bath cryostat-based low-temperature SPM system. This remote liquefaction close-cycle scheme shows conveniency to upgrade the existing bath cryostat-based SPM system, upgradeability of realizing even lower temperature down to sub-1 K range, and great compatibility of other physical environments, such as high magnetic field and optical accesses. We believe that the new scheme could also pave a way for other cryogenic applications requiring low temperature but sensitive to vibration.
Kinetic theory for spin-polarized relativistic plasmas
Authors: Seipt Daniel , Thomas Alec G. R.
Published: September 2023

The investigation of spin and polarization effects in ultra-high intensity laser–plasma and laser–beam interactions has become an emergent topic in high-field science recently. In this paper, we derive a relativistic kinetic description of spin-polarized plasmas, where quantum-electrodynamics effects are taken into account via Boltzmann-type collision operators under the local constant field approximation. The emergence of anomalous precession is derived from one-loop self-energy contributions in a strong background field. We are interested, in particular, in the interplay between radiation reaction effects and the spin polarization of the radiating particles. For this, we derive equations for spin-polarized quantum radiation reaction from moments of the spin-polarized kinetic equations. By comparing with the classical theory, we identify and discuss the spin-dependent radiation reaction terms and radiative contributions to spin dynamics.
Joining of graphite to Mo using Ti/Cu and Ti/Cu/Nb/Ti/Cu foils
Authors: Xu Biao , Huang Ping , Jiang Qianyao , Haider Julfikar , Nawaz Khan Fahd , Zhao Hongyang , Mao Yangwu
Published: September 2023

Graphite/Mo joining has been carried out using Ti/Cu or Ti/Cu/Nb/Ti/Cu foils. The joining region in the joint using Ti/Cu foils is mainly composed of Ti3Cu4 and TiCu. The joining region using Ti/Cu/Nb/Ti/Cu foils contains a joining zone I, an Nb interlayer and a joining zone II. Both the joining zones I and II are made up of Ti3Cu4 and TiCu. The Nb foil diffuses and dissolves into the liquid fillers during the bonding. The joint using Ti/Cu/Nb/Ti/Cu foils shows higher shear strength than that using Ti/Cu foils, implying the contribution of Nb foil to the joint stress relief and to the joint strength promotion.
Rich-grain-boundary Ni–Co–Se nanowire arrays for fast charge storage in alkaline electrolyte
Authors: Wang Li , Cui Mengqi , Ren Jianwei , Wang Hui , Fu Qianqian
Published: September 2023

In this work, the one-dimensional (1D) Ni–Co–Se nanowire arrays with rich grain-boundaries were prepared through the solvothermal method and gas-phase selenizaiton. The results showed that the structure and crystallization of the Ni–Co–Se nanowire arrays could be modulated through the optimization of selenizaiton time. The optimal Ni–Co–Se electrode sample displayed an area specific capacitance of 242.6 μAh cm−2 at 30 mA cm−2 with a current retention rate of 68.34%. The assembled Ni–Co–Se/Active carbon (AC) electrode-based asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) showed the area specific capacitances of 329.2 μAh cm−2 and 225.8 μAh cm−2 at 3 mA cm−2 and 30 mA cm−2, respectively. A 73.33% retention rate of capacitance was observed after 8000 charge/discharge cycles. Besides, the further fabricated all-solid ASC delivered the power densities of 342.94 W kg−1 and 3441.33 W kg−1 at the energy densities of 37.62 Wh kg−1 and 25.81 Wh kg−1, respectively. Those results suggested the potentials of the obtained Ni–Co–Se nanowire arrays as electrode material for the high-performance pseudocapacitors.
Noncovalent composites of meso-substituted A2B2-porphyrins and carbon nanotubes for enhanced electrocatalytic oxygen reduction
Authors: Zhao Yue , Huang Zhen-Yu , Xie Wan-Yue , Huang Si-Jing , Wan Bei , Chen Wei-Chang , Liu Hai-Yang , Si Li-Ping
Published: September 2023

Exploring highly active oxygen reduction electrocatalysts with low precious metals content is imperative but remains a considerable challenge. Herein, a series of heterobimetallic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) electrocatalysts based on metal complexes are presented. These electrocatalysts feature diverse transition metals (M=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) 5,15-bromophenyl-10, 20-methoxyphenyl porphyrin (MBMP) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0) (Pd[P(Ph3)4]) anchored non-covalently on its surface. The resulting NiBMP-based MWCNTs with Pd[P(Ph3)4] (PdNiN4/MWCNTs) display outstanding electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity (onset potential, 0.941 V; half wave potential, 0.830 V) and robust long-term durability in alkaline electrolyte. While in neutral condition, the MnBMP-based MWCNTs with Pd[P(Ph3)4] (PdMnN4/MWCNTs) are the most active heterobimetallic ORR catalyst and produce ultra-low concentration hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 yield, 1.2%–1.3%). Synergistically tuning the ORR electrocatalytic activity and electron transfer pathway is achieved by the formation of NiBMP/MnBMP-Pd[P(Ph3)4] active sites. This work indicates such metalloporphyrin-Pd[P(Ph3)4] active sites on MWCNTs have significantly positive influence on electrocatalytic ORR systems and provides facile and mild strategy for designing highly efficient ORR electrocatalysts with ultra-low loading precious metal.