bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of p38 MAPK Signalling in Testis Development and Male Fertility
Authors: Luo Dandan , He Zhao , Yu Chunxiao , Guan Qingbo
Published: September 2022

The testis is an important male reproductive organ, which ensures reproductive function via the secretion of testosterone and the generation of spermatozoa. Testis development begins in the embryonic period, continues after birth, and generally reaches functional maturation at puberty. The stress-activated kinase, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), regulates multiple cell processes including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and cellular stress responses. p38 MAPK signalling plays a crucial role in testis development by regulating spermatogenesis, the fate determination of pre-Sertoli, and primordial germ cells during embryogenesis, the proliferation of testicular cells in the postnatal period, and the functions of mature Sertoli and Leydig cells. In addition, p38 MAPK signalling is involved in decreased male fertility when exposed to various harmful stimuli. This review will describe in detail the biological functions of p38 MAPK signalling in testis development and male reproduction, together with its pathological role in male infertility.
Evaluation of Motion Standard Based on Kinect Human Bone and Joint Data Acquisition
Authors: Zhang Xiaoning
Published: September 2022

In order to improve human bone and joint data, we propose a method to collect data and judge the standard of motion. Kinect is a 3D somatosensory camera released by Microsoft. It has three cameras in total. The middle is a color camera, which can take color images and obtain 30 images per second; on the left is the infrared projector, which irradiates the object to form speckle. On the right is the depth camera to analyze the infrared spectrum. On both sides are two depth sensors to detect the relative position of people. On both sides of Kinect are a set of quaternion linear microphone arrays for speech recognition and filtering background noise, which can locate the sound source. There is also a base with built-in motor below, which can adjust the elevation angle. It can not only complete the collection of color images, but also measure the depth information of objects. The experimental results show that we use MSRAction3D data set and compare the same cross-validation method with other latest research methods in the figures. The highest recognition rate of this method (algorithm 10) is the second, and the lowest and average recognition rates are the highest. The improvement in the lowest recognition rate is obvious, which can show that this method has good recognition performance and better stability than other research methods. Kinect plays a relatively important role in the movement of human bone and joint data acquisition.
Neuroprotective Effect and Possible Mechanisms of Ginsenoside-Rd for Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Damage in Experimental Animal: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Zhou Ai-fang , Zhu Ke , Pu Pei-min , Li Zhuo-yao , Zhang Ya-yun , Shu Bing , Cui Xue-jun , Yao Min , Wang Yong-jun
Published: September 2022

Ischemic stroke, the most common type of stroke, can lead to a long-term disability with the limitation of effective therapeutic approaches. Ginsenoside-Rd (G-Rd) has been found as a neuroprotective agent. In order to investigate and discuss the neuroprotective function and underlying mechanism of G-Rd in experimental animal models following cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury, PubMed, Embase, SinoMed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched from their inception dates to May 2022, with no language restriction. Studies that G-Rd was used to treat cerebral I/R damage in vivo were selected. A total of 18 articles were included in this paper, and it was showed that after cerebral I/R damage, G-Rd administration could significantly attenuate infarct volume (19 studies,

SMD
=
−
1.75
 

−
2.21
 
to
−
1.30

,

P
<
0.00001

). Subgroup analysis concluded that G-Rd at the moderate doses of >10- <50 mg/kg reduced the infarct volume to the greatest extent, and increasing the dose beyond 50 mg/kg did not produce better results. The neuroprotective effect of G-Rd was not affected by other factors, such as the animal species, the order of administration, and the ischemia time. In comparison with the control group, G-Rd administration could improve neurological recovery (lower score means better recovery: 14 studies,

SMD
=
−
1.50
 

−
2.00
 
to
−
1.00

,

P
<
0.00001

; higher score means better recovery: 8 studies,

SMD
=
1.57
 

0.93
 
to
 
2.21

,

P
<
0.00001

). In addition, this review suggested that G-Rd in vivo can antagonize the reduced oxidative stress, regulate Ca2+, and inhibit inflammatory, resistance to apoptosis, and antipyroptosis on cerebral I/R damage. Collectively, G-Rd is a promising natural neuroprotective agent on cerebral I/R injury with unique advantages and a clear mechanism of action. More clinical randomized, blind-controlled trials are also needed to confirm the neuroprotective effect of G-Rd on cerebral I/R injury.
Unified Approach to the Existence of Solutions for a Coupled System of Fractional Differential‐Integral Equations with Infinite Points and Riemann–Stieltjes Integral Boundary Conditions
Authors: Chen Ying , Liu Lishan , Wang Fang
Published: September 2022

In this article, by using the Schauder fixed point theorem, we first study the existence of solutions for a new coupled system of Caputo fractional differential equations with multipoint boundary value conditions under the assumption that the nonlinear term satisfies two types of the Carathéodory conditions. Using this result, we provide the existence of solutions of the system with infinite points and Riemann–Stieltjes integral boundary conditions, respectively, instead of doing it directly. Finally, we give three examples to illustrate the feasibility of main results.
Atorvastatin Attenuates Radiotherapy-Induced Intestinal Damage through Activation of Autophagy and Antioxidant Effects
Authors: Wei Ming-Feng , Cheng Ching-Hsueh , Wen Shu-Yu , Lin Jui-Chueh , Chen Yu-Hsuan , Wang Chun-Wei , Lee Yi-Hsuan , Kuo Sung-Hsin
Published: September 2022

Abdominal or pelvic radiotherapy (RT) often results in small intestinal injury, such as apoptosis of epithelial cells and shortening of the villi. Atorvastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, has many biological effects including cholesterol reduction, protection from cell damage, and autophagy activation. To reduce the extent of radiotherapy- (RT-) induced enteritis, we investigated the protective effects of atorvastatin against RT-induced damage of the intestinal tract. In this study, C57BL/6 mice were randomly distributed into the following groups (

n
=
8

per group): (1) control group: mice were fed water only, (2) atorvastatin group (Ator): mice were administered atorvastatin, (3) irradiation group (IR): mice received abdominal RT, (4) Ator+IR group: mice received abdominal RT following atorvastatin administration, and (5) Ator+IR+3-MA group: abdominal RT following atorvastatin and 3-methyladenine (an autophagy inhibitor) administration. Based on the assessment of modified Chiu’s injury score and villus/crypt ratio, we found that atorvastatin administration significantly reduced intestinal mucosal damage induced by RT. Atorvastatin treatment reduced apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase), DNA damage (γH2AX and 53BP1), oxidative stress (OS, 4-hydroxynonenal), inflammatory molecules (phospho-NF-κB p65 and TGF-β), fibrosis (collagen I and collagen III), barrier leakage (claudin-2 and fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran), disintegrity (fatty acid-binding protein 2), and dysfunction (lipopolysaccharide) caused by RT in small intestinal tissue. In addition, atorvastatin upregulated the expression of autophagy-active molecules (LC3B), antioxidants (heme oxygenase 1 and thioredoxin 1), and tight junction proteins (occludin and zonula occludens 1). However, the biological functions of atorvastatin in decreasing RT-induced enteritis were reversed after the administration of 3-MA; the function of antioxidant molecules and activity of thioredoxin reductase were independent of autophagy activation. Our results indicate that atorvastatin can effectively relieve RT-induced enteritis through autophagy activation and associated biological functions, including maintaining integrity and function and decreasing apoptosis, DNA damage, inflammation, OS, and fibrosis. It also acts via its antioxidative capabilities.
Security System of Logistics Service Transaction Record Based on Wireless Network
Authors: Su Yanhong , Yu Lijing
Published: September 2022

Wireless Networks (WNs) and their associated technology paradigms are employed for smart and secure logistics services. The wireless logistics transactions are secured through end-to-end authentication, verification, and third-party watchdog systems. This manuscript introduces a Preemptive Security Scheme for Transaction Verification (PSS-TV) in wireless network-aided logistics services. Different logistics services are secured based on the sender and receiver’s signature in mutual consent. Signature generation and implications are varied using the key size and validity based on the previous transaction recommendation. The conventional random forest classifier learning is used for detecting transaction breaches and validity requirements. This is feasible based on the transaction interruptions and failed mutual verifications. These classifications are performed using the learning paradigm for improving the key size in generating stealthy signatures. In the signature generation, the conventional elliptic curve cryptography is relied upon. The proposed scheme’s performance is analyzed using success ratio, failure rate, verification and authentication time, and complexity.
Exclusive Breastfeeding and Its Determinants in Yaoundé, Cameroon: A Retrospective Survival Analysis
Authors: Ndum Okwen Gloria Akah , Karimuribo Esron Daniel , Ngowi Helena Aminiel , Fombang Edith Nig
Published: September 2022

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) of infants for the first six months of life is a global public health goal that is linked to the reduction of morbidity and mortality in infants, especially in low middle-income countries. In low middle-income countries like Cameroon, it is realistic that compliance with EBF can significantly reduce the burden of under five mortality rate. The purpose of this study was to assess adherence and determinants influencing the duration of exclusive breastfeeding in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Data was collected through a mixed method and systematically through a retrospective survival analysis approach where a total number of 503 randomly selected individuals in Yaoundé, Cameroon, participated in the study. Data was collected between November 2019 and May 2020. A Cox proportional hazard modelling and Kaplan-Meier analysis were employed to identify prognostic factors affecting survival time defined as the duration, in months, from birth until the time of stopping EBF. The average time for nursing mothers to practice EBF was 3.61 ± 0.010 months. This study found that more than 90% of mothers were aware of the importance of compliance with EBF but only 38% practiced EBF and 62% of mothers could not adhere to EBF recommendations. Factors that influence compliance with EBF included a mother being married (HR: 0.70; 95% CI = [0.55-0.89],

P

 =0.003) which was a protective factor while mother’s tertiary education (HR: 1.43; 95% CI = [1.11-1.84],

P

 =0.005) was a risk factor with non-compliance with EBF when compared to those with basic or no formal education. The Kaplan-Meier curve indicated that as time goes on, babies are less likely to be exclusively breastfed after a specific time period within two and three months. This implies that the chance for a baby to remain exclusively breastfed after five months is 74.3% (0.74). Continuous sensitization and enforcement measures are recommended to promote EBF.
Transfer Learning for Audio Waveform to Guitar Chord Spectrograms Using the Convolution Neural Network
Authors: Jadhav Yogesh , Patel Ashish , Jhaveri Rutvij H. , Raut Roshani
Published: September 2022

Automatic chord recognition has always been approached as a broad music audition task. The desired output is a succession of time-aligned discrete chord symbols, such as GMaj and Asus2. Automatic music transcription is the process of converting a musical recording into a human-readable and interpretable representation. When dealing with polyphonic sounds or removing certain limits, automatic music transcription remains a difficult undertaking. A guitar, for example, presents a greater challenge, as guitarists can play the same note in a variety of places. The study makes use of CNN functionality to generate the guitar tab; initially, the constant-Q transform was used to turn the input audio file into short time spectrograms that the CNN model utilises to analyse the chord. The paper developed a method for extracting chord sequences and notes from audio recordings of solo guitar performances. For intervals in the supplied audio, the proposed approach outputs chord names and fret-board notes. The model described here has been refined to achieve an accuracy of 88.7%. The model’s ability to properly tag audio clips is an incredible advancement.
Quantitative Investment Trading Model Based on Model Recognition Strategy with Deep Learning Method
Authors: Yao Jiawei , Li Zixu , Cui Tong , Xi Honghua
Published: September 2022

With the acceleration of economic globalization, the frequent price fluctuations of gold and bitcoin and other currencies have attracted wide attention from the quantitative investment industry. For market traders, rational use of deep learning means to improve traditional investment trading strategies has become one of the main contents of current work. In this paper, the deep learning method is used to make a horizontal comparison of the benefit increase of the model recognition strategy with deep learning as the main means compared with the other two strategies, and a longitudinal comparison is made between the deep learning method and the traditional time series of fitting accuracy advantages. We grouped gold and bitcoin prices in the LSTM/GRU framework, trained the recursive dynamic neural network model on the daily data of each group, and used the dropout algorithm to reduce the overfitting effect of the model and retained 20% of the data for cross-checking. The results obtained by this method show that the benefit of the whole neural network model is more obvious when making decisions on the data of the day, and the fitting accuracy of the model is more than 73%, and the average absolute error is 14.040908, indicating a good fitting degree. Compared with model recognition strategies represented by LSTM/GRU, follow-the-winner and follow-the-loser have obvious disadvantages in terms of investment trading principle, and their returns are far lower than the $22,059.583248 obtained under the model recognition strategy. We compare the price trends of gold and bitcoin under ARIMA(2,1,1) and ARIMA(4,1,5) by comparing the LSTM/GRU method under the framework of model recognition with the time series method in model recognition and find that the mean square error is much greater than the fitting results of neural network. Therefore, it is concluded that the model recognition strategy integrating the deep learning model is the best fit and the best profit among the three conditions. Finally, we change the transaction cost of gold and bitcoin to 7% to simulate whether the transaction model in different countries is stable. The conclusion shows that when the transaction cost changes within 7%, the model still has high feasibility and stability and is relatively robust.
Damage Evolution of Granite under Ultrasonic Vibration with Different Amplitudes
Authors: Han Junpeng , Zhao Dajun , Zhang Shulei , Zhou Yu
Published: September 2022

As a type of ultra-high frequency loading, ultrasonic vibration is an effective way to break the rock at high rates. Exploring the influence of various factors on the loading effect is essential for its effective application to assist drilling. In this study, the damage evolution of granite under ultrasonic vibration with different amplitudes was investigated. The theoretical and numerical simulation models of rock breaking by ultrasonic vibration were established. The research group applied ultrasonic vibration loading to granite using different amplitudes. The damage characteristics were tested by NMR experiment, and the damage evolution was numerical analyzed by Particle Flow Code software. The result shows that the propagation of cracks is positively correlated with the amplitude of ultrasonic vibration. The increase of amplitude magnifies the generation of transverse cracks, which is conducive to the stripping of rock fragments. A threshold value was found for the amplitude, and fractures show different propagation and expansion characteristics at the higher and lower values. Increasing the amplitude magnifies the stress at the crystal defect and speeds up the crack propagation process. The stress wave generated by ultrasonic vibration inside the rock will attenuate with the increase in depth. Increasing the amplitude value will amplify the stress in the influence area, and decrease the size of the area.
Self-Organizing Method on Mission-Level Task Allocation of Large-Scale Remote Sensing Satellite Swarm
Authors: Jiang Yang , Gao Yuan , Yu Longjiang , Yu Jing , Li Yuting , Gao Hongtao
Published: September 2022

Distributed self-organization and self-management is an ideal way to achieve an autonomous and efficient operation of large-scale remote sensing satellite swarm. A distributed task allocation method based on the improved contract network algorithm is designed, orienting typical mission-level tasks. And the satellite swarm task allocation and planning model of potential target searching, moving target tracking, and sensitive target feature confirmation is given. The model is composed of observation requirement generation, observing area decomposition, and task allocation between different satellites. Simulation results confirm that the improved contract network algorithm can optimally solve the problem of mission-level task allocation autonomously in distributed swarm. This paper verifies that the self-organization method has the potential for engineering applications with simple realization theory and high calculation efficiency.
Transtibial Pullout Repair of Lateral Meniscus Posterior Root Tear with Tissue Loss: A Case with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Medial Meniscus Tear
Authors: Tamura Masanori , Furumatsu Takayuki , Hiranaka Takaaki , Kintaka Keisuke , Higashihara Naohiro , Kamatsuki Yusuke , Nakata Eiji , Ozaki Toshifumi
Published: September 2022

Lateral meniscus (LM) posterior root tear (LMPRT) is mainly caused by trauma, especially trauma associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Although a transtibial pullout repair or a side-to-side repair is commonly performed for LMPRT, to the best of our knowledge, there is no clinical report of LMPRT with tissue loss using the pullout technique. Thus, the purpose of this report was to describe a clinical, radiographic, and arthroscopic outcome after pullout repair for a case of LMPRT with a large defect with a chronic ACL tear and complex medial meniscus (MM) tears. A 31-year-old man complained of knee pain and restricted range of motion after twisting his knee when he stepped on an iron pipe. The patient had a football-related injury to his right knee 14 years before presentation, and since then, the patient’s knee has given out more than 10 times but was left unassessed. Magnetic resonance imaging showed LMPRT with tissue loss, ACL tears, and complex MM tears. Transtibial pullout repair of the LMPRT with ACL reconstruction and MM repairs were performed. Following the pullout repair of the LMPRT, an approximately 6 mm gap remained between the LM posterior root and root insertion. However, magnetic resonance imaging and second-look arthroscopy at 1 year postoperatively revealed meniscal healing, gap filling with some regeneration tissue, of the LM posterior root. Furthermore, the lateral meniscus extrusion in the coronal plane improved from 3.1 mm (preoperative) to 1.6 mm (1 year postoperatively). Transtibial pullout repair with the remaining gap could be a viable treatment option for LMPRT with tissue loss, combined with ACL reconstruction.
Abstract IA04: Metabolic control of HCC initiation and progression
Authors: Karin Michael , Gu Li , Zhu Yahui
Published: September 2022

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is quickly becoming the leading HCC etiology. NASH can lead to HCC by altering liver metabolism, inducing oncogenic mutations, causing tumor promoting inflammation as well as the immunosuppression of anti-HCC immunity. We have established an accurate model for studying NASH-induced HCC development, the MUP-uPA mouse, and used it to show that elevated TNF production by liver macrophages contributes to both NASH and HCC progression. The major cause of TNF induction during NASH is gut-derived endotoxin, whose infiltration into the portal circulation is enhanced by barrier disrupting diets that are high in fats or fructose. By disrupting autophagy and activating NF-kB, HFD feeding of MUP-uPA mice results in accumulation of p62, the major constituent of Mallory-Denk bodies, within hepatocytes. Accumulation of p62 is not required for induction of hepatosteatosis but it greatly accelerates and enhances NASH to HCC progression through the activation of NRF2 and mTORC1. Conditional activation of NRF2 in hepatocytes results in hepatomegaly due to induction of EGF and PDGF family members as well as altered liver metabolism, in part by triggering the degradation of fructose-1,6 bisphosphate phosphatase (FBP1). FBP1 is rate limiting for gluconeogenesis and its germ-line inherited deficiency results in a complex metabolic disorder that includes hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, hepatomegaly, hepatosteatosis, hyperlipidemia and liver damage and is manifested only in response to glucose starvation. By generating Fbp1ΔHep mice, we found that FBP1 has enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities, the latter of which are due to formation of a multiprotein complex with aldolase B (ALDOB) and PP2A-C that interacts with AKT, dephosphorylates it and inhibits its activation. By inhibiting AKT activation, FBP1 and ALDOB suppress HCC development.

Citation Format: Michael Karin, Li Gu, Yahui Zhu. Metabolic control of HCC initiation and progression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in the Pathogenesis and Molecular Therapies of Liver Cancer; 2022 May 5-8; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2022;28(17_Suppl):Abstract nr IA04.
Abstract PO006: The Role of Obesity-associated Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 in Liver Cancer Cell Growth
Authors: Waltenbaugh Jessie , Groll Curissa , Raign Kelsie , Price Ramona
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Obesity is a risk factor in the development of liver cancer. The obesogenic tumor microenvironment is of particular importance in liver tumorigenesis due in part to lipid accumulation and monocyte recruitment which differentiate into pro-inflammatory macrophages. A novel macrophage-associated protein, whose role in obesity-associated liver tumorigenesis has yet to be explored, is allograft inflammatory-factor 1 (AIF-1). AIF-1 is a calcium binding inflammation response scaffold protein. Although, proliferation and migration have been studied, https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=AAeKZnoAAAAJ&sortby=pubdate&citation_for_view=AAeKZnoAAAAJ:8dzOF9BpDQo Cactivation of kinase pathways, cell survival, cell death, ROS production and lipogenesis have yet to be explored. AIF-1 is upregulated in both liver cancer and obese individuals. Our research objective is to determine the functional role of AIF-1 in promoting physiological processes important for liver tumorigenesis including proliferation, survival, ROS, and lipogenesis, and 2) determine the contribution of Akt and Erk in promoting this in-vitro phenotype. Methods: HepG2 and SNU-449 liver cancer cells were exposed to AIF-1 (10uM) with or without 10 μM ly294002 (PI3K inhibitor), 10 μM PD98059 (MAPK inhibitor), or 5μM NPS-2143 (calcium sensing receptor inhibitor). Cells were assessed for proliferation, ROS production, lipogenesis, cytotoxicity, and cell survival. Immunoblot analysis was used to measure phosphorylated Akt, Erk, IL-6, and NF-kB protein levels. Results: AIF-1 increased proliferation in HepG2 and SNU-449 liver cancer cells. Inhibiting Akt, and Erk signaling decreased AIF-1-induced proliferation while NPS-2143 CaSR inhibitor decreased proliferation only in HepG2 cells. AIF-1 promoted ROS production and the addition of Akt inhibitor blocked AIF-1 ROS production in both cell lines. Significant differences in lipogenesis were not observed among various treatments in HepG2 and SNU-449 cells. AIF-1 increased cell survival, cytotoxicity and phosphorylation of Akt and Erk, when compared to control. Conclusions: Obesity-associated AIF-1 increased proliferation, ROS, and survival while differential effects were observed with Akt or Erk inhibition.

Citation Format: Jessie Waltenbaugh, Curissa Groll, Kelsie Raign, Ramona Price. The Role of Obesity-associated Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 in Liver Cancer Cell Growth [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in the Pathogenesis and Molecular Therapies of Liver Cancer; 2022 May 5-8; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2022;28(17_Suppl):Abstract nr PO006.
Reversing the Genomic, Epigenetic, and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer–Enhancing Effects of Obesity
Authors: Bowers Laura W. , Doerstling Steven S. , Shamsunder Meghana G. , Lineberger Claire G. , Rossi Emily L. , Montgomery Stephanie A. , Coleman Michael F. , Gong Weida , Parker Joel S. , Howell Anthony , Harvie Michelle , Hursting Stephen D.
Published: September 2022

The reversibility of the procancer effects of obesity was interrogated in formerly obese C57BL/6 mice that lost weight via a nonrestricted low-fat diet (LFD) or 3 distinct calorie-restricted (CR) regimens (low-fat CR, Mediterranean-style CR, or intermittent CR). These mice, along with continuously obese mice and lean control mice, were orthotopically injected with E0771 cells, a mouse model of triple-negative breast cancer. Tumor weight, systemic cytokines, and incidence of lung metastases were elevated in the continuously obese and nonrestricted LFD mice relative to the 3 CR groups. Gene expression differed between the obese and all CR groups, but not the nonrestricted LFD group, for numerous tumoral genes associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition as well as several genes in the normal mammary tissue associated with hypoxia, reactive oxygen species production, and p53 signaling. A high degree of concordance existed between differentially expressed mammary tissue genes from obese versus all CR mice and a microarray dataset from overweight/obese women randomized to either no intervention or a CR diet. Assessment of differentially methylated regions in mouse mammary tissues revealed that obesity, relative to the 4 weight loss groups, was associated with significant DNA hypermethylation. However, the anticancer effects of the CR interventions were independent of their ability to reverse obesity-associated mammary epigenetic reprogramming. Taken together, these preclinical data showing that the procancer effects of obesity are reversible by various forms of CR diets strongly support translational exploration of restricted dietary patterns for reducing the burden of obesity-associated cancers.

Prevention Relevance:

Obesity is an established risk and progression factor for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Given rising global rates of obesity and TNBC, strategies to reduce the burden of obesity-driven TNBC are urgently needed. We report the genomic, epigenetic, and procancer effects of obesity are reversible by various calorie restriction regimens.
Ibrutinib Plus R-ICE induziert Remission bei blastoider Variante eines Mantelzelllymphoms mit ZNS-Rückfall
Authors: Oh Timothy S. , Burkart Madelyn , Behdad Amir , Savas Hatice , Karmali Reem
Published: September 2022

Das Mantelzelllymphom (MCL) ist eine aggressive, schwer zu behandelnde Unterform des Lymphoms, die zu Rückfällen und schlechten Behandlungsergebnissen führt. Neuartige Wirkstoffe wie Bruton-Tyrosinkinase (BTK)-Inhibitoren wurden für die Behandlung von rezidiviertem/refraktärem (R/R) MCL untersucht. Insbesondere der BTK-Inhibitor Ibrutinib hat nachweislich die Überlebenschancen von R/R MCL-Patient*innen verbessert. Trotz dieser Fortschritte kommt es bei vielen MCL-Fällen, einschließlich der aggressiveren blastoiden und pleomorphen Varianten, zu einem Fortschreiten der Krankheit und damit zu schlechten Überlebensaussichten. Die blastoide Variante des MCL ist mit einem erhöhten Risiko einer Beteiligung des zentralen Nervensystems (ZNS) verbunden, was zu einer hohen Sterblichkeitsrate führt. In diesem Case Report berichten wir über einen Patienten mit der Diagnose eines blastoiden MCL mit ZNS-Rezidiv, der nach einer Standard Rituximab plus Ifosfamid-Carboplatin-Etoposid (R-ICE) Salvage-Chemotherapie mit dem Zusatz von Ibrutinib ein komplettes Ansprechen (CR) erreichte. Der Patient unterzog sich daraufhin einer autologen Stammzelltransplantation (autoSCT) und die CR konnte mit Ibrutinib aufrechterhalten werden.
Management der pleuralen Infektion: Modifiziertes Therapie-Regime mit intrapleuraler Alteplase und Pulmozyme
Authors: Stanzel Franz
Published: September 2022

Background: Current management of poorly draining complex effusions favours less invasive image-guided placement of smaller tubes and adjunctive intrapleural fibrinolysis therapy (IPFT). In MIST-2 trial, intrapleural 10 mg alteplase (t-PA) with 5 mg of pulmozyme (DNase) twice daily for 72 h were used. We aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of a modified regimen 16 mg t-PA with 5 mg of DNase administered over 24 h in the management of complex pleural infection. Methods: This was a single centre, prospective study involving patients with poorly drained pleural infection. Primary outcome was the change of pleural opacity on chest radiograph at day 7 compared to baseline. Secondary outcomes include volume of fluid drained, inflammatory markers improvement, surgical referral, length of hospitalisation, and adverse events. Results: Thirty patients were recruited. Majority, 27 (90%) patients were successfully treated. Improvement of pleural opacity on chest radiograph was observed from 36.9% [Interquartile range (IQR 21.8–54.9%)] to 18.1% (IQR 8.8–32.7%) of hemithorax (P < 0.05). T-PA/DNase increased fluid drainage from median of 45 mls (IQR 0–100) 24 h prior to intrapleural treatment to 1442 mls (IQR 905–2360) after 72 h; (P < 0.05) and reduction of C-reactive protein (P < 0.05). Pain requiring escalation of analgesia affected 20% patients and 9.9% experienced major adverse events. None required surgical intervention. Conclusion: This study suggests that a modified regimen 16 mg t-PA with 5 mg DNase can be safe and effective for patients with poorly drained complex pleural infection. Trial registration: The study was registered retrospectively on 07/06/2021 with ClinicalTrials number NCT04915586 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04915586).
Upregulation of miRNA-26a Enhances the Apoptosis of Cerebral Neurons by Targeting EphA2 and Inhibiting the MAPK Pathway
Authors: Chi Bo , Deng Lingjie , Zhi Zhifu , Wei Yiyun , Lv Liqin , Yang Wenmei , Wei Changqiang , Yu Hua , Song Liang , Pang Lihong
Published: September 2022

Neural tube defects (NTDs) constitute the second most common congenital malformation of the central nervous system. The pathogenesis of NTDs is not entirely clear. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have become a hot spot in genetic and developmental biology research. The present study aimed to explore the potential role of miRNA-26a in NTDs and the underlying pathogenesis thereof. First, we found significantly increased miRNA-26a expression in fetuses with NTDs (p < 0.0001), which significantly downregulated EphA2 and ERK1 mRNA and protein expression levels in fetuses with NTDs compared to normal controls (p < 0.01). In addition, a dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-26a negatively regulated EphA2 by directly binding with the 3′-untranslated region of EphA2. Second, the upregulation of miRNA-26a expression increased caspase 3 and 9 protein expression levels (p < 0.01) and decreased EphA2 mRNA and protein expression levels (p < 0.01), as well as ERK1 and SRF protein expression levels (p < 0.01) in mouse neural stem cells (NE-4C) and human astroblastoma cells (U87MG). Furthermore, the upregulation of miRNA-26a inhibited cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of NE-4C and U87MG cells (p < 0.05). Similar results were observed with the MAPK inhibitor PD98059 (p < 0.01). These results suggest that miR-26a targets EphA2, modulates phosphorylation of the MAPK/ERK (MEK) pathway, regulates SRF, and participates in regulating nervous cell proliferation and apoptosis. Dysregulation of the aforementioned mechanism may be involved in the pathogenesis of NTDs.
Quality of Life after Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Van Daele Elke , Stuer Eefje , Vanommeslaeghe Hanne , Ceelen Wim , Pattyn Piet , Pape Eva
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Surgery remains essential in the curative treatment of esophageal cancer (EC), but it is known for its high morbidity and impaired health-related QoL. Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) was introduced to reduce surgical trauma and improve QoL. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate long-term HRQoL after MIE in comparison with the general population. HRQoL assessment was based on three questionnaires: the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Core 30 (QLQ-C30, version 3), the EORTC QLQ Oesophago Gastric 25 (QLQ-OG25), and the Supportive Care Needs Survey-Short Form 34 (SCNS-SF34). Results were compared to a healthy reference population. Results: One hundred and forty eligible MIE patients were identified, of whom met the inclusion criteria, and 49 completed all questionnaires. Patients reported a significantly better mean score on the global health status and QoL than the healthy reference population (71.5 ± 15.1 vs. 66.1 ± 21.7; p = 0.016). However, patients scored significantly worse about functioning (physical, role, and social) (p < 0.05), fatigue (p = 0.021), eating, dysphagia, pain and discomfort, reflux, appetite loss, weight loss, coughing, and taste (p < 0.001). Discussion/Conclusion: EC survivors can reach a high global health status and QoL at least 1 year after MIE, despite long-term functional, nutritional, and gastrointestinal complaints. Patients provided written informed consent, and the study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Ghent University Hospital (identifier: ID B670201940737).
Migración y políticas públicas: infancia y adolescencia migrante venezolana en Medellín
Authors: León-Rojas Alejandra
Published: September 2022

(analítico)El artículo cuestiona si la política pública de infancia y adolescencia de Medellín tomó en consideración el contexto migratorio venezolano al momento de su actualización. Esto, por los desafíos que implica para gobiernos locales la atención de población migrante, especialmente, niños, niñas y adolescentes y el papel de las políticas públicas en los procesos de atención e integración social. A partir del análisis de los acuerdos de política pública (Acuerdo derogado 86 de 2006 y Acuerdo actualizado 143 de 2019) se determinó que esta atención se orientó hacia el restablecimiento de derechos, bajo el enfoque social del riesgo sobre el que estaba enmarcada la política pública antes de ser derogada; luego de su actualización, en la incorporación del enfoque diferencial a los niños, niñas y adolescentes migrantes.
Palabras clave: Migración; infancia; adolescencia; política pública.
Criminalización y juvenicidio de culturas juveniles asociadas a organizaciones delincuenciales: caso cholombianos
Authors: Moreno Hugo C. , Urteaga Maritza
Published: September 2022

(analítico)El artículo propone caracterizar y comprender los procesos de inserción de jóvenes en las organizaciones delincuenciales, tomando el caso de una cultura juvenil del noreste mexicano: los cholombianos. Plantea un marco de referencia construido por la articulación de categorías como violencia posestructural, desciudadanización, construcción de pánicos morales, estigmatización territorial, criminalización y sujeción criminal, para debatir y ampliar la conceptualización sobre el juvenicidio en México. Para ello, se analizan casos documentados por antropólogos y periodistas de jóvenes de distintas clases sociales que participan o son vinculados con la delincuencia organizada. A partir de un análisis teórico conceptual, se realizan observaciones sobre cómo los grupos delincuenciales forjan fuentes de pertenencia, respeto e identidad, cómo estos y los poderes públicos llevan a cabo acciones de desciudadanización que destruyen culturas juveniles como los cholombianos.
Palabras clave: Delincuencia juvenil (Tesauro del Sistema Bibliográfico de Información de las Naciones Unidas); crimen organizado (Tesauro Unbis); criminalización; estigmatización (Tesauro de Migraciones Internacionales Contemporáneas); culturas juveniles; juvenicidio.
A review of the Hirmeriellaceae (Cheirolepidiaceae) wood
Authors: Thevenard Frédéric , Chernomorets Oleksandra , Moreau Jean-David , Neraudeau Didier , Philippe Marc
Published: September 2022

The Hirmeriellaceae are an extinct family of Mesozoic conifers. Their foliage has been described in the genera Brachyphyllum, Frenelopsis, Pseudofrenelopsis, etc., while their pollen corresponds to the genus Classopollis, the male cones to e.g. Classostrobus or Tomaxellia and the female scales were named Hirmeriella and Paraucaria, for example. Reproductive structures are necessary for a definite identification of the family. Such fossils are rarely found in connection with mature secondary xylem. As a result, very little is known about the wood anatomy of the Hirmeriellaceae. This work reviews available evidences, either from connections between wood and reproductive structures typical for the Hirmeriellaceae or from associations of such fossils within Mesozoic rocks. Connection cases are rare and are reported only for the Cretaceous and for genera Frenelopsis and Pseudofrenelopsis. Association cases are more numerous; however, they are also poorly distributed in time, being reported mostly from two intervals only, the latest Triassic–earliest Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous. Wood data are also poorly distributed taxonomically with most of them being from the frenelopsids. The fossil genera Agathoxylon, Brachyoxylon, Protocupressinoxylon and Protopodocarpoxylon were used for wood fossils which are more or less safely related to the Hirmeriellaceae. However, only the first two seem to have been rightly used, the first usually for juvenile or small diameter wood, the second for more mature wood. Even if there seems to be a privileged link between Brachyoxylon and the Hirmeriellaceae, it cannot be said to be exclusive.
Paepalanthus (Eriocaulaceae) without scapes and spathes, a survey with the description of a new species
Authors: ANDRADE MARIA JOSÉ GOMES DE , TROVÓ MARCELO , ROCHA LAMARCK , GIULIETTI ANA MARIA
Published: September 2022

Eriocaulaceae are mainly characterized by their unisexual flowers arranged in capituliform inflorescences at the apex of scapes surrounded by closed spathes. The lack of the scapes and spathes is a rare condition in the family, restricted to a small number of species in Eriocaulon, Paepalanthus, and Syngonanthus. In this manuscript we explore the species of Paepalanthus lacking spathes and scapes based on morphological and molecular data (ITS, trnL-trnF, and psbA-trnH). The specimens with dimerous flowers form a monophyletic group represented by the only two species of P. subg. Thelxinoë. The accessions with trimerous flowers cluster with species of the polyphyletic P. ser. Leptocephali. As expected, the ancestral character reconstruction indicates that the loss of scapes and spathes occurred at least twice in Paepalanthus, but probably occurred four to five times in the family. Based on molecular data, SEM images, and morphological analysis, most of the specimens lacking scapes were assigned to previously described species with the exception of the trimerous-flowered specimens treated here as a new species, P. paganuccii. Besides the full treatment for this new species, we provide an annotated checklist for all Paepalanthus species without scapes, with nomenclatural novelties, a distribution map, illustrations, photos, and a comparative table.
Begonia yentuensis and B. khaucaensis (Begoniaceae), two new species from northern Vietnam
Authors: LUU HONG TRUONG , DUONG QUOC HUNG , LE KHAC QUYET , LIN CHE-WEI
Published: September 2022

Two new species of Begonia from northern Vietnam, B. yentuensis and B. khaucaensis, are described. The first new species, B. yentuensis, is similar to B. asperifolia Irmsch., the two species share several characters such as tuberous habit, subsymmetric foliage, 4-tepaled staminate flowers and pistillate flowers with 5 tepals, but B. yentuensis is different in its shorter petioles up to 7 (vs. to 20) cm long and leaves nearly appressed to the substrate (vs. not appressed to substrate), filaments fused at base (vs. fused at base into a column ca. 2 mm long), anthers apex rounded (vs. acute to mucronate) and placentae unilamellate (vs. bilamellate). Moreover, B. asperifolia is found only at high elevations (1,500–3,400 m), while B. yentuensis was collected at a low elevation (ca. 500 m). The other new species, B. khaucaensis resembles B. jubar V.T.Pham & C.W.Lin in its rhizomatous habit, number of tepals of both staminate and pistillate flowers, ovary 3-loculed and placenta bilamellate, but differs from the latter for having hairy (vs. glabrous) stipules and petiole, suborbicular to reniform leaves (vs. ovate to widely ovate leaves, slightly polygonal in outline), bracts margin entire (vs. denticulate to serrate with very short soft hairs) and ovary wings crescent-shaped (vs. triangular).
Redescription of Eurhopalothrix reichenspergeri (Santschi, 1923) stat. rev. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), a Brazilian Atlantic Forest endemic species
Authors: CHAUL JÚLIO CEZAR MÁRIO
Published: September 2022

Eurhopalothrix reichenspergeri (Santschi, 1923) stat. rev. is resurrected from synonymy with E. gravis (Mann, 1922). In Brown & Kempf’s tribal basicerotine revision of 1960, Rhopalothrix reichenspergeri was transferred to the genus Eurhopalothrix and synonymized into the species E. gravis. Eurhopalothrix gravis became, from that moment until now, the species with the largest distribution in the genus. After the present work, E. gravis has a Central American and north South American (Colombia) distribution, while E. reichenspergeri is restricted to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. A key to the workers of the southern South American Eurhopalothrix species is provided. The male of E. reichenspergeri is described and compared to the male of E. gravis, E. floridana Brown & Kempf, 1960 and the putative male of E. spectabilis Kempf, 1962.
The Journey of Individuation: Experiences of Chinese Patients Treated by Western Psychoanalysts in Online Psychodynamic Psychotherapy
Authors: Ren Zhengjia , Xie Zhongyao
Published: September 2022

This qualitative study focuses on the process of treatment over the internet from a psychodynamic perspective based on the experiences of seventeen patients in China who underwent online treatment by psychoanalysts based in the United States or other Western nations. The data were collected and analyzed using psychodynamic themes. Seventeen participants involved in online cross-national and cross-cultural psychodynamic treatment were recruited in China. Various themes in regard to the process of online treatment in a cross-national and cross-cultural context emerged. Findings indicate the following: (1) in contrast to traditional relational patterns, psychodynamic treatment provides a new relationship model; (2) psychodynamic treatment creates a space of self-reflection for Chinese patients in terms of their relationships; (3) the therapeutic setting emphasizes clear boundaries, free space, equal relationships, and emotional expression for patients. The results provide new insights into self-examination, which frees patients from the inflexible aspects of traditional relationships, family hierarchies, and rigid cultural values. In addition, psychodynamic treatment in a cross-national and cross-cultural setting not only enables patients to work through their trauma but also empowers them to explore their unique journey of individuation.
Diabetes as a Risk Factor for Perforated Appendicitis: A National Analysis
Authors: Panahi Armon , Bangla Venu G. , Divino Celia M.
Published: September 2022

Background

A few important risk factors play into rates of perforation following acute appendicitis. Diabetes may be an additional risk factor due to various systemic complications that may contribute to perforation and additional adverse outcomes following acute appendicitis, all of which currently remains unknown in the United States.

Methods

Adult patients with acute appendicitis under 65 years of age were identified from the National Inpatient Sample between 2012 and 2014 and the distribution of baseline variables was examined across diabetic status using Rao-Scott chi square and student’s t-test. A propensity score match was implemented for a conditional logistic regression that assessed differences in rates of perforation, outcomes, as well as postoperative complications.

Results

Among all patients with acute appendicitis, approximately 7% had diabetes. Diabetics were more likely to experience perforated appendicitis (odds ratio 95% confidence interval 1.093 (1.029, 1.160); P = .0036), experience a longer length of stay (1.540 (1.434, 1.654); P < .0001), receive an open appendectomy (1.139 (1.05, 1.236); P = .0018), and experience postoperative cardiovascular complications (2.103 (1.325, 3.340)); P = .0016).

Discussion

Diabetic adult patients under 65 years of age with acute appendicitis experience higher rates in perforation, a longer length of stay, more open surgical approach, and cardiovascular postoperative complications. Diabetes should be one of many risk factors considered in the evaluation and management of perforation following acute appendicitis.