bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Temperature and Rest Period on Damage Repair of Aged Asphalt
Authors: Al-Mansoori Tariq , Al-Adhadh Ahmed , Hussein Jaber
Published: August 2020

One important natural property of asphalt materials is the ability to self-repair damages. This property could extend service life of asphalt roads and help deter maintenance to some accountable time. This property is basically working on rejuvenating the aged bitumen when cracks appear. With this purpose, two types of asphalt mixtures were developed. Aged mixture and unaged mixture for the purpose of comparison between the results. The objective of this work is to investigate the effect of higher temperature in Iraq on enhancing the asphalt self-repair. Different rest periods were applied to give time to the bitumen to move and redistribute again while reversing the ageing effect. The major agent in that is the viscosity of asphalt, which is reduced by high temperature and allow the bitumen to move again and increase the wettability of asphalt. The ageing of samples was done in the laboratory according to specifications and the temperature was provided in field as the study focus on summer temperature of Iraq. It was found that applying only temperature on aged asphalt reduced the viscosity and increased the flow of bitumen, which is a highly promising finding at this stage and further investigations are recommended in the end of this study.
Strengthening of I-Section Steel Beams by Prestressing Strands
Authors: Mahmoud Kamal Sh. , Rasheed Mohammed M. , Mohaisen Saad Kh.
Published: August 2020

Six I-section steel beams had been fabricated and tested to understand the influence of prestressing strand on the load deflection behavior of steel beam. All tested beams are simply supported having the same gross sectional area with clear span (2850) mm, five beams strengthened by two low relaxation seven wire strands, while sixth beam is the reference one. The strengthening beams were subjected jacking stress equal to (1120MPa) and subdivided according to prestressing strand positions (eccentricity). From the experimental tests, it can be noted that, the load deflection curves for strengthened beams are stiffer as compared with reference beam and the percentage of ductility for strengthened beams were decreased when the eccentricity positions change form (0 to 96)mm respectively, on the other hand, the percentage of increasing in maximum applied load for strengthened beams were increased with increasing of strands eccentricity and the maximum applied load reaches to 61.74% as compared with reference, also, the percentage increasing in maximum deflection at middle span for strengthened beams decreases with increasing of strands eccentricity and the minimum percentage of decreasing at middle span of strengthened specimens reaches to 36.31% as compared with the reference beam.
Improvement of Soft Soil by Stone Column Treated with Bentonite
Authors: Awn Safa Hussain Abid , Abbas Jasim M.
Published: August 2020

Soft clayey soils cover wide Iraqi areas specially the regions close to rivers and the southern part of this country Heavy weight structures like: highways, dams, multiple story buildings are suffering unacceptable settlement, when constructing on soft soils. The high contamination of water in such soils decrease the effective stress and reduce bearing capacity. The need was appeared to improve such problematic soil by the use of new technique of stone column treated with different percentages of natural bentonite by a series of field tests using full scale concrete footing constructed on soft soil in addition to a laboratory model to investigate settlement with time at constant stress. The soil that used in this study is natural clayey soil, brought from a location south of Diyala governorate, from a farm area. The study includes also: The effect of stone column diameter treated with bentonite on the behavior of footing constructing on soft clayey soil, The effect of stone column length on the behavior of footing on such soils. Results of field and laboratory model tests reviled that the treated model by stone column mixed with 40% bentonite is the ideal one, which reduces the settlement by 55%. In other hand problems of uneven settlements appear when using 60% bentonite as a mix proportion. The Ideal slenderness ratio (Ds/Ls<25%). The effective depth of stone column treated with bentonite is (1/3H).
Effect of the Time on the Undrained Shear Strength and Permeability of Clay-Wooden Sawdust Mixtures Used to Improve Landfills Liner
Authors: Jasim Omar Hamdi , Çetin Doğan
Published: August 2020

This study aims to assess the impact of time on sawdust usage to enhance the behavior of the clay used in landfills. The soil used in this paper was brought from Büyükçekmece region / Istanbul. Four proportions (1, 2, 3 and 5) of the sawdust were added as a percentage of the dry weight of the soil. Soil-sawdust mixtures were compacted with the optimum water content corresponding to each percentage and samples were extracted. The extracted samples were divided into two groups, the immediate tests were performed on the first group while the second group was kept in special containers for long-term tests after 90 days. A series of undrained unconsolidated triaxial tests (UU) and unconfined compression tests (UCS) were performed on the specimens and compared with the row soil, in the immediate tests, the results from the UU triaxial test showed that the undrained shear strength was increased as the sawdust content increased and then decreased, it was conducted that the optimum sawdust content was 3%, it was increased the undrained shear strength by (39.5%) and (41.44%) for UU triaxial and Unconfined compression tests respectively. After 90 days of the curing period, it found that 2% is the optimum sawdust content, it was increased the undrained shear strength by (202.51%) and (176.64%) for UU triaxial and unconfined compression test respectively. In the immediate and long-term tests, the coefficient of permeability increased by (66.66) and (94.44%) as the sawdust increased from 0 to 5 % respectively. Sawdust increases the hydraulic conductivity of the clay. It can be concluded that the sawdust usage has a remarkable effect on the shear strength of the clay for both immediate and long-term tests.
Effect of Saturation on Thermal Conductivity of Granular Materials
Authors: Humaish Hussein H. , Aldefae Asad H. , Humaish Wissam H.
Published: August 2020

Thermal conductivity is one of the most important properties of construction materials due to change the structure and the chemical composition of these materials particularly in hot weathers. Thermal conductivity testing of building materials in situ provides useful database about of temperature, moisture and conditions of storage. In this paper, thermal conductivity of Huston sand has been investigated for dry and saturation status by transient technique. TP02 Hukseflux probe used to calculate thermal conductivity of Huston sand. TP02 Hukseflux probe has been calibrated by Glycerol and compare with results from art-of-literature. The results showed that the value of thermal conductivity during the saturation is more than the dry state. This is identical to reality as the parameter is strongly influenced by presence of water. Comsol Multiphysics® simulation has been used to validate the experimental test. Slightly difference is marked between the experimental and theoretical results
Utilization of Mosul City Demolition Waste to Improve some Soil Engineering Properties
Authors: Mohialdeen Omar K. , Khattab Suhail I.A. , Al-Ahmady Kossay K.
Published: August 2020

The present research has been conducted to trace the various effects of Mosul city demolition waste materials (DMs), on the geotechnical properties of clay. The properties of the samples have already been investigated and evaluated. Moreover, cement has been added to upgrade these properties. Finally, the fine demolition has been added to a highly expansive soil selected from the site of the University of Mosul to reduce the swelling potential. In fact, the experimental work includes: The Abrasion, index and compaction properties, swelling and strength of stabilized and treated expansive soil. The laboratory tests include the testing of consistency limits, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), compaction (standard and modified), swelling, consolidation, and Abrasion test by Los Angeles Machine. The Results show that, increasing the old and new demolition (OD and ND) percentages lead to a decrease of liquid limit and plasticity index of clay, respectively. The increase in maximum γdry for the clay has been noticed when the OD and ND content has been added from 5 to 25%. A reduction of optimum water content (opt) for clay was optimized also by increasing the demolitions percentage to 25%. Also, the UCS strength values of the clay have been increased by increasing the demolition materials (DMs) percentage from 5 to 25%. The odometer characteristics, including the swelling and consolidation of DMs-clay mixtures, were controlled mainly by the type of the demolition. The final result indicates that the presence of old and new demolition waste could improve the clay engineering properties of the stabilized soil. Untreated and cement treated (OD) and (ND) materials could be successfully used as a base or sub-base for road.
Studying the Geotechnical Properties of Clayey Soil Contaminated by Kerosene
Authors: Karkush Mahdi O. , Jihad Amer G.
Published: August 2020

This study focuses on investigating the impacts of kerosene on the physical, mechanical, and chemical characteristics of clay soil. The soils specimens are contaminated artificially with six ratios of kerosene (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50) % calculated according to the dry weight of soil. The artificial contamination includes air drying of the disturbed soil, then placed in plastic containers and mixed with the field water content and the specified concentration of kerosene to ensure getting homogenous contaminated soil specimens. The contaminated soil specimens left for 30 days in plastic containers covered by nylon sheets to control the water content and prevent volatility of contaminant. The results of tests proved that different ratios of kerosene have different impacts on the engineering and chemical characteristics of soil specimens. The specific gravity, percentages of fine particles, optimum water content, the initial and final void ratio, coefficient of consolidation, swelling index, permeability, the undrained shear strength, effective shear strength parameters, and the rate of reduction of initial pore water pressure are reduced significantly with increasing the content of kerosene in soil. Generally, the concentration of kerosene less than 10% has slight impacts on the studied characteristics of soil specimens.
Comparative Analysis of Young’s Modulus Predictions for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Bouali Meriem Fakhreddine
Published: August 2020

Many experimental and numerical works are attempting to predict the elastic properties of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (LWAC). The purpose of this paper is to estimate the Young’s modulus of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete utilizing two-phase composite models. However, results of experimental data published in the literature were used as a platform, upon which, two-phase composite models had been utilized. The outcomes of this comparative analysis show that neither of the two-phase analytical models could be directly utilized for predicting Young’s modulus of LWAC. The Hashin-Hansen composite model provides a good prediction of experimental Young’s modulus of all LWAC tested with a maximum error percentage equal to 16.94%. This model provides an upper bound whereas the Counto2 model provides the lower bound of experimental Young’s modulus of LWAC.
KODE-KODE BUDAYA DALAM FABEL MASYARAKAT ACEH
Authors: Yulsafli Yulsafli
Published: August 2020

This study is entitled "Cultural Code in the Aceh Community Fable". The formulation of the problem in this research is how is the cultural code in the Acehnese fable? To describe the cultural code in the Acehnese fable. The benefit of this research for the researchers themselves is that they can add insight into the literary codes contained in the Acehnese fable and as an input in studying and studying literature, especially fables. Sources of research data are the Acehnese fable, namely (1) Shearing Abang Gajah (Gayo), and (2) Carito Sang Nago Jo Tuanku Tapa (Jamee), (3) Origin of Monkeys (Simeulue), and (4) White Buffalo (Buffalo) ( Simeulue), and (5) Palandok (The Mouse Deer). The method used in this research is descriptive method. The data collection technique used in this study is the documentation technique. The data in this study were obtained from the book Collection of Oral Literature by Budiman Sulaiman in the 2000 issue. Based on the data processing and analysis, it was concluded that in the five fables analyzed there were various cultural codes, namely icons, symbols and indexes. An icon is a physical object (two or three dimensions) that resembles what it represents, a symbol is something or a condition that leads the subject's understanding of the object, while an index is a sign that is present sociatively due to the presence of a fixed characteristic reference relationship. Cultural codes in the Acehnese fable are very important, especially in shaping the character of children.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kode budaya dalam masyarakat Aceh. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif.Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik dokumentasi.Data penelitian ini bersumber dari buku Kumpulan Fabel Masyarakat Acehyang ditulis oleh Budiman Sulaiman. Fabel yang dipilih berjumlah lima judul yang terdapat di Aceh, yaitu (1) Geser Geser Abang Gajah (Gayo), dan (2) Carito Sang Nago Jo Tuanku Tapa (Jamee), (3) Asal Mula Monyet (Simeulue), dan (4) Kerbau Putih (Simeulue), dan (5) Palandok (Si Kancil).Berdasarkan pengolahan dan analisis data diperoleh simpulan bahwa dalam dalam kelima fabel yang dianalisis tersebut terdapat bermacam-macam kode budaya, yaitu ikon, simbol, dan indeks.Ikon adalah sesuatu benda fisik yang menyerupai apa yang dipresentasikannya, simbol adalah sesuatu hal atau keadaan yang memimpin pemahaman si subjek kepada objek, sedangkan indeks adalah tanda yang hadir secara asosiatif akibat terdapatnya hubungan ciri acuan yang sifatnya tetap.Kode budaya dalam fabel masyarakat Aceh sangat bermanfaat dalam membentuk karakter anak baik sebagai individu, sebagai warga masyarakat, dan sebagai warga negara yang baik.

Kata Kunci : Kode, Budaya, Fabel
Keluarga sebagai Madrasah Pertama Anak (Memaksimalkan Peran Orang Tua dalam Perkembangan Anak Usia 1-4 Tahun, T.A. 2019/ 2020)
Authors: Khairi Khairi
Published: August 2020

Family is the nearest environment the children have. It belongs to the first and primary educational instution for them learn and grow. All developmental aspects of the children – include values of relious and moral, physical motor, cognitive, language, social-emotional, and arts – should be stimulated and supported by parents especially in family. The parents should be able to know those all aspects, so they can stilumate them appropriately. Parents play a vital role in stilumating and guiding them grow and develop. Good experience with parents they have will bring them to easily interaction with their environment. Children at 1-4 years old need people like parents to stimulate and to bring them model of good behavior, so they can survive in their future.
Tekhenu
Authors: Rudds Crystal S.
Published: August 2020

Tekhenu is about a parent losing their memory and praying to be remembered. But it is also about how one survives any type of pillage -- whether by disease or enslavement and oppression. The work that African Americans have had to do to recover their connection to ancestry is a travesty. But our great loss has also yielded many treasures that the Other cannot understand. This is what the Ark recalls me to: at once the site of mourning and a powerful inheritance.
Big Data e Análise Urbana
Authors: Gamboa González Mayra , Ángel Demerutis Arenas Juan
Published: August 2020

A construção da cidade inteligente, bem como o movimento da nova ciência das cidades, estão atualmente sendo objeto de uma quantidade incrível de  pesquisas de várias áreas e de maneira transdisciplinar em centros internacionais de pesquisa. Essa nova disciplina alega buscar cidades mais eficientes e igualitárias usando a tecnologia; no entanto, as ferramentas de alta tecnologia foram aplicadas principalmente em países desenvolvidos em todo o mundo. No entanto... é uma ciência que pode ser usada para resolver os problemas existentes nas economias emergentes? A maioria das economias em  desenvolvimento está lutando para diminuir a lacuna de desigualdade em um contexto de recursos limitados, como brechas digitais, baixos níveis  educacionais, insegurança, desinformação e, em geral, uma enorme variedade de necessidades insatisfeitas, e nós argumentamos que lidar com isso deve fazer parte do paradigma das novas disciplinas. O artigo conduz uma análise das “melhores práticas” feitas por centros de pesquisa conhecidos em todo omundo e, em seguida, explora as possibilidades de implementação das ferramentas científicas da cidade nas cidades latino-americanas.
Wrist Arthrodesis in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Parallel K Wires and Ulna Autograft: A Case Report
Authors: Sathish Muthu , Hemanthakumar Govindarajan , Muthalagan Naganathan
Published: August 2020

Case description

Nowadays, management of end-stage rheumatoid wrist remains controversial between fusion and arthroplasty. We present a simple method of rheumatoid wrist fusion in a 56-year-old woman, using parallel Kirschner (K) wires and local ulna graft. Wrist fusion was achieved at 8 weeks, while implants are removed a month later without any complications in the immediate or late postoperative period.

Conclusion

Management of end-stage rheumatoid wrist with parallel wires remains a simple, versatile, and reliable method to achieve wrist fusion without any complication due to hardware or the disease by itself.

How to cite this article

Hemanthakumar G, Sathish M, Muthalagan N. Wrist Arthrodesis in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Parallel K Wires and Ulna Autograft: A Case Report. J Orth Joint Surg 2020;2(1):38–40.
Exploring the Predictive Ability of the Motor-Free Visual Perception Test (MVPT) and Trail Making Test (TMT) for On-Road Driving Performance
Authors: Holowaychuk Ana , Parrott Yolan , Leung Ada W. S.
Published: August 2020

Importance: Resuming driving after a change in functional ability is challenging for patients with a neurological condition. Although a combination of assessment tools has been suggested for use in driving evaluation, resources and availability of tools have been a problem.

Objective: To examine the predictive ability of two commonly used tools, the Motor-Free Visual Perception Test (MVPT) and the Trail Making Test, Parts A and B (TMTA and TMTB), on on-road driving performance.

Design: Retrospective chart review of 82 patient charts between 2015 and 2016.

Setting: Local rehabilitation hospital.

Participants: Eighty-two patients with a primary neurological diagnosis (general neurological condition, n = 13; spinal cord injury, n = 11; stroke, n = 58).

Outcomes and Measures: MVPT, TMTA, and TMTB.

Results: Among the patients, 36 passed and 46 failed the on-road evaluation. The TMTA and TMTB scores were significantly different between those who passed or failed the on-road evaluation. Logistic regression analyses revealed that the TMTB completion time was the only significant predictor of on-road driving performance (for the all-patient model, 66% prediction accuracy, −2 log-likelihood [LL] = 93.47, exp β = 0.98; for the stroke-only model, 76% prediction accuracy, −2LL = 59.61, exp β = 0.97).

Conclusions and Relevance: Our findings suggest that the TMTB is a better predictor of on-road driving performance for patients with a neurological condition than the MVPT. The findings shed light on the importance of selecting proper tools when assessing driving performance. Future prospective studies with a wider array of predictive variables are recommended to support the present findings.

What This Article Adds: Occupational therapists should revisit the use of the MVPT in driving assessment and consider multiple assessment tools when evaluating and predicting driving performance.
Accelerometer Measurements Indicate That Arm Movements of Children With Cerebral Palsy Do Not Increase After Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT)
Authors: Goodwin Brianna M. , Sabelhaus Emily K. , Pan Ying-Chun , Bjornson Kristie F. , Pham Kelly L. D. , Walker William O. , Steele Katherine M.
Published: August 2020

Importance: Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is a common treatment for children with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP). Although clinic-based assessments have demonstrated improvements in arm function after CIMT, whether these changes are translated and sustained outside of a clinic setting remains unclear.

Objective: Accelerometers were used to quantify arm movement for children with CP 1 wk before, during, and 4 wk or more after CIMT; measurements were compared with those from typically developing (TD) peers.

Design: Observational.

Setting: Tertiary hospital and community.

Participants: Seven children with CP (5 boys, 2 girls; average [AVE] age ± standard deviation [SD] = 7.4 ± 1.2 yr) and 7 TD peers (2 boys, 5 girls; AVE age ± SD = 7.0 ± 2.3 yr).

Intervention: 30-hr CIMT protocol.

Outcomes and Measures: Use ratio, magnitude ratio, and bilateral magnitude were calculated from the accelerometer data. Clinical measures were administered before and after CIMT, and parent surveys assessed parent and child perceptions of wearing accelerometers.

Results: During CIMT, the frequency and magnitude of paretic arm use among children with CP increased in the clinic and in daily life. After CIMT, although clinical scores showed sustained improvement, the children’s accelerometry data reverted to baseline values. Children and parents in both cohorts had positive perceptions of accelerometer use.

Conclusions and Relevance: The lack of sustained improvement in accelerometry metrics after CIMT suggests that therapy gains did not translate to increased movement outside the clinic. Additional therapy may be needed to help transfer gains outside the clinic.

What This Article Adds: Accelerometer measurements were effective at monitoring arm movement outside of the clinic during CIMT and suggested that additional interventions may be needed after CIMT to sustain benefits.
CO3D, A WORLDWIDE ONE ONE-METER ACCURACY DEM FOR 2025
Authors: Lebègue L. , Cazala-Hourcade E. , Languille F. , Artigues S. , Melet O.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The goal of the CO3D (Constellation Optique 3D) mission is the full-automatic production of a worldwide accurate DEM. CO3D is also a constellation of a new generation of low-cost optical satellites. The DEM accuracy is expected to be one meter in relative height and two meters in absolute height with a one-meter grid space. Each of the four satellites of the constellation will provide images with 0.50 m resolution in red, green, blue bands. A NIR (Near-InfraRed) band will also be available with a resolution close to 1 m. The satellites resource will be shared by, on one hand, the French institutions (government, scientists concerned by global Earth monitoring) who will have dedicated access and preferred price conditions, and on the other hand commercial customers interested in 2D and 3D products. The launch of the constellation is expected mid-2023 and 90 % of the DEM worldwide production should be reached by the end of 2025.Starting from an overview of the system characteristics and its main innovations, this paper presents the expected performance, the 2D and 3D products that should be available for the end-users and finally how they should be qualified.
Disaggregating a regional-extent digital soil map using Bayesian area-to-point regression kriging for farm-scale soil carbon assessment
Authors: Pallegedara Dewage Sanjeewani Nimalka Somarathna , Minasny Budiman , Malone Brendan
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Most soil management activities are implemented at farm scale, yet digital soil maps are commonly available at regional or national scale.
Disaggregating these regional and/or national maps is applicable for farm-scale tasks, particularly in data-poor or limited situations. Although
disaggregation is a frequently discussed topic in recent digital soil mapping literature, the uncertainty of the disaggregation process is not often
discussed. Underestimation of inferential or predictive uncertainty in statistical modelling leads to inaccurate statistical summaries and
overconfident decisions. The use of Bayesian inference allows for quantifying the uncertainty associated with the disaggregation process. In this
study, a framework of Bayesian area-to-point regression kriging (ATPRK) is proposed for downscaling soil attributes, in particular, maps of soil
organic carbon. An estimation of point support variograms from block-supported data was carried out using the Monte Carlo integration via the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm. A regional soil carbon map with a resolution of 100 m (block support) was disaggregated to 10 m (point
support) information for a farm in northern New South Wales (NSW), Australia. The derived point support variogram has a higher partial sill and nugget, while the
range and parameters do not deviate much from the block support data. The disaggregated fine-scale map (point support with a grid spacing of
10 m) using Bayesian ATPRK had an 87 % concordance correlation with the original coarse-scale map. The uncertainty estimates of the
disaggregation process were given by a 95 % confidence interval (CI) limit. Narrow CI limits indicate that the disaggregation process gives a fair
approximation of the mean soil organic carbon (SOC) content of the study site. The Bayesian ATPRK approach was compared with dissever, which is a regression-based disaggregation
algorithm. The disaggregated maps generated by dissever had 96 % concordance correlation with the coarse-scale map. Dissever achieves this
higher concordance correlation through an iteration process, while Bayesian ATPRK is a one-step process. The two disaggregated products were
validated with 127 independent topsoil carbon observations. The validation concordance correlation coefficient for Bayesian ATPRK disaggregation was
23 %, while downscaled maps generated from dissever had 18 % concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). The advantages and limitations of both disaggregation algorithms are
discussed.
“Deutsches Requiem”, de Borges. El ascetismo del sujeto fascista
Authors: Bautista Luis
Published: August 2020

La crítica que ha analizado “Deutsches Requiem” (1946), de Jorge Luis Borges, se ha centrado normalmente en las incoherencias en las que incurre su protagonista y narrador, un oficial nazi: Otto Dietrich zur Linde. Enuncia explícitamente Otto que el objetivo del nazismo era la destrucción de los valores judeocristianos, pero él se muestra incapaz de pensar al margen de estos. Toda su autobiografía está contada en esa clave, la del ideal ascético, lo que tornaría incongruente su mensaje último. El ascetismo de Otto, del “sujeto fascista”, no es en mi opinión una incongruencia del texto de Borges. Analizo en este artículo su naturaleza profundamente ascética, que es el resultado último del modelo de subjetividad desarrollado por la filosofía occidental.
A Poetic of Beauty: Nature, Memory and Resilience in El Botón de Nacar/The Pearl Button (2015)
Authors: Melgarejo María del Pilar
Published: August 2020

One of the pillars of the history of Latin American documentary filmmaking is undoubtedly the Chilean director Patricio Guzmán. During more than five decades of film production, he has given an account of Chile's political history, specifically dealing with the meaning of the Chilean dictatorship for the country's past, present and future, as well as its relevance in the Latin American context. His films undoubtedly represent one of the most relevant testimonies to the continent's history in the 20th century, with hundreds of hours of footage of the high points in the violent transition process between the Allende and Pinochet governments. His film proposal will take a radical turn in his last two productions: Nostalgia de la Luz ([2010] 2011) and El Botón de Nácar (2015), which are part of a trilogy - the latter film is currently in production. Its aesthetic proposal is revolutionary in the sense that it resignifies the relationship between memory and history by establishing a connection between nature, cosmology and historical memory. In this trilogy he deals separately in each film with the desert, the sea and the mountain, leading the viewer to a reflection that, through poetic language and a meditative tone, proposes a new look at history and memory. In this essay I analyze three elements that define his film El Botón de Nacar and that open the possibilities for a new type of theoretical reflection on the documentary genre: the relationship between nature, narration and history, history understood as genealogical memory and the new type of visual aesthetic that the director is proposing, which I call "poetry of beauty".
La escucha (en la) crónica de Juan Villoro
Authors: Viú Adagio Julieta
Published: August 2020

Juan Villoro, consagrado en la Literatura Latinoamericana como narrador de ficción y autor destacado en el mercado editorial de Literatura Infantil, ha desarrollado de manera paralela una notable producción cronística que ha recibido escasa atención crítica. La lectura de estas últimas en conjunto con entrevistas dadas por el autor permitió advertir una autorrepresentación como cronista versado en el arte de escuchar. Tema que constituye la excusa para revisar parte de su producción con el foco en su oído atento a las expresiones y manifestaciones de la cultura masiva. Interesa aproximarnos a la escucha crónica, aspecto característico de su estética, a partir de analizar el lugar prioritario de la voz del locutor futbolístico Ángel Fernández, los vínculos con la contracultura mexicana y la construcción de un mito de origen que abreva de la cultura de masas.
El testamento literario de un antipoeta
Authors: Leal Funes Juan Manuel
Published: August 2020

En 2006 fue publicado Discursos de sobremesa, una colección de cinco discursos pronunciados por Nicanor Parra entre 1991 y 1997. El presente artículo propone leer aquellos textos como el testamento literario de su autor y la respuesta antipoética al proceso de “canonización” que representarían los premios y ceremonias para los que fueron preparados. Con dicho propósito, el estudio contempla la existencia de un corpus que trasciende la selección establecida por la edición de 2006 y analiza el testamento literario como una escritura arraigada en una larga tradición.
Faith, Liberation, and Revolution in Fire From the Mountain by Omar Cabezas
Authors: Mantero José María
Published: August 2020

Published in 1982, the testimonio Fire from the Mountain (La montaña es más que una inmensa estepa verde) by Omar Cabezas continues to generate interest in the field of Latin American literature, particularly amongst critics dedicated to the testimonio and post-testimonio. Considered one of the fundamental works of contemporary testimonio, Fire from the Mountain narrates the political and ideological coming of age of Cabezas during the years preceding the Sandinista revolution (1977-1979) in Nicaragua, the origins of his relationship with the Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN), and his efforts in the struggle against the dictatorship of Anastasio Somoza. Throughout the text there are frequent references to his own faith, Catholicism, and God as he comes to terms with the plight of the Nicaragua people and considers the moral imperative of the revolution to depose Somoza. Our intention is to demonstrate that, in Fire from the Mountain, Cabezas implicitly considers the influence of his faith, Catholicism, and God on the revolutionary struggle. We will first contextualize our study within discussions on the Latin American testimonio and proceed to frame our study of Fire from the Mountain within a liberational perspective that references liberation theology as our theoretical touchstone.
Políticas Públicas Brasileiras como Tecnologias de Saúde
Authors: Pinho Amanda Lameck , Weinert Wagner Rodrigo
Published: August 2020

O estudo da formação de políticas públicas nos permite entender os contextos nos quais se deram ações governamentais passadas e planejar ações futuras. Este trabalho analisa as políticas públicas na saúde como forma de tecnologia, além de explorar o âmbito da saúde no campo social. O objetivo é compreender como se constrói o debate acerca da formação de políticas públicas na saúde e sua relação com as lutas de classe entre os sujeitos sociais envolvidos, tanto na sua formulação quanto na implementação. A metodologia consistiu na pesquisa bibliográfica acerca das políticas públicas no Brasil e sua relação com a tecnologia. A conclusão encontrada reflete a influência das relações capitalistas nos debates que envolvem as estratégias de produção de políticas públicas, que acabam por reforçar os padrões sociais já pré-estabelecidos.
Automatic Detection of County Lines Criminal Scheme
Authors: Granosik Tomasz , Lewańska Elżbieta
Published: August 2020

County lines are a new type of criminal activity in the UK in which young people are being forced to participate in drug dealing. This article presents an application of an unsupervised machine learning technique to detect such cases among a bank’s clients, using financial and spatial data. It proposes and presents a system for detecting county lines crime schemes and uses the example of integrating spatial analysis into financial crime detection. The initial results will be a base for further research.
Syngenetic and cyclical yedoma strata of Northern Yakutia
Authors: Vasil'chuk Yurij Kirillovich
Published: August 2020

This article demonstrates the evolution of representation on syngenetic formation of frozen strata set by Lopatin, Abolin, Leffingwell and Nekipelov. It is underlined that the theory of syngenesis is substantiated by the works of Gallwitz, Popov and Katasonov. It is mentioned that Dostovalov proposed a method for approximate determination of the age of ice-wedge ice and calculated that 3m wide ice wedges in the vicinity of Abalakh Lake are older than 2160 years, and 30-40 m high ice wedges in the Novosibirsk islands are older than 12,000 years according to Dostovalov’s calculations. The subject of the detailed study is the meso- and macro- cycles in the structure of yedoma strata in Northern Yakutia. Mesocycles in the yedoma strata of the Zelyony Mys, Stanchikovsky Yar, and Batagay have been examined, along with macrocycles of the Batagay yedoma. The mesocyclicity of the cryolithogenic strata is analyzed in the following cross sections: in Bolshoy Lyakhovsky Island, yedoma in the Belyanka River valley, in the outcrop Soplivaya Gora in the Yana River valley, in the valley of the Vilyuy River downstream of Verkhnevilyuysk, etc. The duration of the mesocycles formation in the yedoma strata of the Northern Yakutia is established: a. One subaquatic-subaerial mesocycle in the Zelyony Mys yedoma consisting of a subaquatic sandy loam and a subaerial peaty horizon of 4 m thick accumulated over the period 3,000years. b. One subaquatic-subaerial mesocycle in the Stanchikovsky Yar yedoma 5 m thick accumulated over the period of 3,300 years. c. One mesocycle in the section Soplivaya Gora, in the Yana River valley with a capacity of 3 m formed for about 3.000 years. Three macrocycles are identified in the Batagay section, with capacity of 7, 10 and 40 m; the time of formation of each macrocycle varied from 15-20 to 40 thousand years or more.
Influence of level of trainers’ perception on Information Communication Technology Integration in Teaching and Learning of Engineering courses in National polytechnics in Kenya
Authors: Mutai Daniel C. , Ongeti Khaemba , Kisilu Anne S. , Ronoh Richard K.
Published: August 2020

Understanding trainers’ perceptions of innovation is the key to successful adoption of technology in learning. The purpose of this paper was to examine the level of trainers’ perception on Information Communication Technology (ICT) integration into teaching and learning
of engineering courses in National polytechnics in Kenya. This study used mixed method research. The target population in this study was 140 engineering staff and the trainees, Heads of departments and Principals of Kisumu and Eldoret Nationa l Polytechnic and Kenya Technical Trainers College.
Primary data was used, which was collected using structured questionnaires and interview schedules. Simple random sampling was used to identify the respondents from the relevant departments to participate in this study, while purposive sampling was used to select the principals to be interviewed.
Reliability and validity of data collection instruments were ascertained through pilot testing. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data generated from the interview schedules was organized through content scrutiny. The results indicated
that the level of trainers’ perception has a significant effect on ICT integration into teaching and learning. It was concluded that trainers are willing to undergo training to equip them with new knowledge in ICT to improve their productivity. It was recommended that the National Polytechnic
management, in partnership with the Ministry of Education, should carry out assessment of skills and needs as far as ICT integration is concerned.
Effectiveness of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine vs Concussion Education in Treating Student Athletes With Acute Concussion Symptoms
Authors: Yao Sheldon C. , Zwibel Hallie , Angelo Nicole , Leder Adena , Mancini Jayme
Published: August 2020

Context

Concussion, a type of mild traumatic brain injury, is a disruption in normal brain function due to head injury. New-onset symptoms from concussion vary, likely depending on the areas of the head and neck affected; they can be severe and debilitating. Current treatment options are limited and difficult to individualize. Osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) can aid musculoskeletal restrictions that can potentially improve concussion symptoms.

Objective

To assess concussion symptom number and severity in participants with concussion who received either OMM or an educational intervention.

Methods

A randomized controlled trial was conducted at the New York Institute of Technology Academic Health Care Center. Patients presenting to the center with concussion-like symptoms due to recent head injury within the previous 7 days provided consent and were randomized into 2 intervention groups, receiving either 1 OMM treatment (n=16) or 1 concussion education intervention (n=15). Participants were assessed before and after the intervention with the validated Symptom Concussion Assessment Tool fifth edition (SCAT-5) for quantification of number of symptoms and their severity. Collected data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the repeated-measures analysis of variance.

Results

Thirty-one participants were enrolled in the study; after 1 control participant was excluded due to incomplete data, 30 patient records were analyzed. The OMM intervention group had a significant decrease in symptom number (P=.002) and symptom severity (P=.001) compared with the concussion education group.

Conclusion

When used in the acute setting, OMM significantly decreased concussion symptom number and severity compared with concussion education. This study demonstrates that integration of OMM using a physical examination–guided, individualized approach is safe and effective in the management of new-onset symptoms of uncomplicated concussions. (Clinicaltrials.gov No. NCT02750566)
Of power and despair in cetacean conservation: estimation and detection of trend in abundance with noisy and short time-series
Authors: Authier Matthieu , Galatius Anders , Gilles Anita , Spitz Jérôme
Published: August 2020

Many conservation instruments rely on detecting and estimating a population decline in a target species to take action. Trend estimation is difficult because of small sample size and relatively large uncertainty in abundance/density estimates of many wild populations of animals. Focusing on cetaceans, we performed a prospective analysis to estimate power, type-I, sign (type-S) and magnitude (type-M) error rates of detecting a decline in short time-series of abundance estimates with different signal-to-noise ratio. We contrasted results from both unregularized (classical) and regularized approaches. The latter allows to incorporate prior information when estimating a trend. Power to detect a statistically significant estimates was in general lower than 80%, except for large declines. The unregularized approach (status quo) had inflated type-I error rates and gave biased (either over- or under-) estimates of a trend. The regularized approach with a weakly-informative prior offered the best trade-off in terms of bias, statistical power, type-I, type-S and type-M error rates and confidence interval coverage. To facilitate timely conservation decisions, we recommend to use the regularized approach with a weakly-informative prior in the detection and estimation of trend with short and noisy time-series of abundance estimates.
A note on the effects of epidemic forecasts on epidemic dynamics
Authors: Record Nicholas R. , Pershing Andrew
Published: August 2020

The purpose of a forecast, in making an estimate about the future, is to give people information to act on. In the case of a coupled human system, a change in human behavior caused by the forecast can alter the course of events that were the subject of the forecast. In this context, the forecast is an integral part of the coupled human system, with two-way feedback between forecast output and human behavior. However, forecasting programs generally do not examine how the forecast might affect the system in question. This study examines how such a coupled system works using a model of viral infection—the susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) model—when the model is used in a forecasting context. Human behavior is modified by making the contact rate responsive to other dynamics, including forecasts, of the SIR system. This modification creates two-way feedback between the forecast and the infection dynamics. Results show that a faster rate of response by a population to system dynamics or forecasts leads to a significant decline in peak infections. Responding to a forecast leads to a lower infection peak than responding to current infection levels. Inaccurate forecasts can lead to either higher or lower peak infections depending on whether the forecast under-or over-estimates the peak. The direction of inaccuracy in a forecast determines whether the outcome is better or worse for the population. While work is still needed to constrain model functional forms, forecast feedback can be an important component of epidemic dynamics that should be considered in response planning.
Analysis of Supply Chain Model of Dogol Shrimp (Metapenaeus ensis) Capture in Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Wicaksana Revanda Fitriadi , Nurhayati Atikah , Suryadi Ibnu Bangkit Bioshina , Handaka Asep Agus
Published: August 2020

This research aims to analyze the management of the dogol shrimp supply chain in terms of product flow, financial flow, information flow and risk as well as marketing margins of each chain involved in KUD Minasari fish market, Pangandaran Regency, West Java Province. The method used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative using primary and secondary data with snowball sampling methods. The analytical tool used is the analysis of supply chain conditions, risks and consequences of dogol shrimp supply chains. The results of this study showed that the process of product flow of the dogol shrimp supply chain in KUD Minasari, Pangandaran Regency involving fishermen, wholesalers, small traders, restaurants and end consumers is quite well related to channeling from fishermen who have not been supported by fishermen's knowledge related to shrimp quality. The dogol shrimp supply chain distribution channel is divided into 8 types of marketing with a significant difference in whether the fish market is involved or not. The marketing channel of dogol shrimp catches in Pangandaran Regency shows that the structure of the second chain with business actors is fishermen → fish auction → large traders → small traders → consumers are more efficient with a marketing margin of Rp. 35,000 / kg or 31.81%, farmer share by 75.87%. The largest market share value of 59.25% is on the 8th channel with restaurants as a marketing agent.
Performance of Planting Methods and Sett Treatments on Quality, Nutrient Uptake and Economics of Bajra Napier Hybrid Grass (Pennisetum glaucum L. X P. purpureum schumach)
Authors: Varshini S. V. , Jayanthi C. , Sivakumar S. D. , Senthil A. , Malarvizhi P. , Karthikeyan R.
Published: August 2020

A field experiment to assess the effect of  planting methods and sett treatments on quality, nutrient uptake and economics of bajra napier hybrid grass CO (BN) 5 was conducted during 2018-2019 at the Eastern block farm of the Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University – Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. The experimental field was laid out in factorial randomized block design. The main plots were vertical planting (M1) and horizontal planting (M2) and sub-plots were 13 sett treatments. The results on some quality parameters viz., crude protein, crude fibre, crude fat, total ash contents (%), showed non-significant difference on planting methods, sett treatments and their interaction. Among planting methods, vertical planting had registered higher crude protein yield of 1.23 t ha-1cut-1, nitrogen uptake (151 kg ha-1cut-1), phosphorus uptake (23.4 kg ha-1cut-1) and potassium uptake (87.7 kg ha-1cut-1). Among sett treatments, water soaking for 12 hours and 24 hours incubation (S1) significantly registered higher crude protein yield (1.78 t ha-1cut-1), nitrogen uptake (186.8 kg ha-1cut-1), phosphorus uptake (31.9 kg ha-1cut-1) and potassium uptake (108.4 kg ha-1cut-1). In two planting methods, low cost of cultivation ($ 629 ha-1), higher gross return ($ 1227 ha-1), net return ($ 598 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.98) were registered with vertical planting (M1). Similarly, among sett treatments, water soaking for 12 hours and 24 hours incubation (S1) recorded lower cost of cultivation ($ 563 ha-1), higher gross return ($ 1698 ha-1), net return ($ 1135 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (3.02). With this, it can be concluded that for planting method, vertical planting (M1), and for sett treatment, water soaking for 12 hours and 24 hours incubation (S1) are the recommended practices for achieving better quality, nutrient uptake and economics from bajra napier hybrid grass.