bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Телевизийн хөгжөөнт нэвтрүүлгийн загварыг академик англи хэлний хичээлд ашигласан туршилт судалгаа
Authors: B. Ariuntuul , N. Tserendejid
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, we are trying to teach academic English which covers a variety of academic disciplinary areas, with a comprehensive program in a tight schedule. It is hard to use activities which are interesting and engaging but require a quite long time in every lesson. Students should develop the ability to read texts on familiar, basic academic topics covering psychology computer and information technology, sociology, geology, humanity and ethical issues in scientific research with an emphasis on vocabulary expansion and application of critical reading skills in intermediate academic level. They review basic English sentence structures and develop the ability to write accurate, fluent, multiple sentences about basic academic topics with an emphasis on the use of specific detail and sentence combining in paragraphs and essays. In Oral Communication, Students need to develop speaking and listening skills necessary for participating in classroom discussions and expressing their opinions with critical listening skills. The most appropriate activity which can meet requirements of recalling, reviewing and reinforcing what they learn in a short period of time is a quiz, a form of game or mind sport in which participants attempt to answer questions correctly. There are many activities which improve students’ motivation and attention, make lessons more active, more engaging and more fun, such as Hangman, Bingo, Where is ….? etc. But, the method we experimented enables to include a full semester and an academic year’s contents and is distinctive to cover all skills (reading, writing, listening and speaking). It can be very interesting, effective, motivating and reinforcing. After teaching experimental lesson which based on this pattern, we studied the results while comparing the experimental class to checkpoint class. Here we present the compared results of exam grade and student satisfaction survey after taking exam according to the topics which we reviewed in the experimental lesson.
Их дээд сургуулиудын гадаад хэлний төвүүдийн харьцуулсан судалгаа
Authors: V. Batmaa , M. Odontuya
Published: March 2023

Detailed analysis were done on teaching and other activities of western and eastern foreign language centers at different higher educational organizations with the use of documents and source materials provided by the internet and other sources. At international level the teaching and success of the foreign language center are considered for the ranking of the higher educational organization.          

Foreign language centers have a vital function on promoting the university to be at international level.
Хятад хэлний 了 (le) сул үгийн гарал үүслийн тухайд
Authors: B. Bolor
Published: March 2023

There has been much controversy over whether the Mandarin Chinese sentential particle le has the same origin as the perfective verb suffix –le. This paper argues that the verb liao, meaning ‘to finish’ is the origin of both le and –le. Taking the position that the essence of the particle le is inchoativity, it traces the path of its grammaticalization in texts through history. The inchoative use of liao is found in texts from the 10th century (late Tang) on, and it had developed functions similar to its modern use as a particle by the 13th century (late Song). As evidenced in Chunggan Nŏgoltae (重刊老乞大) (1975), when both le and –le had been fully developed in the 18th century (Qing), their pronunciation was still [liau], the same as the lexical verb liao (Kim 1998) from which they originated. On the other hand, lai ‘to come’, which Chao (1968) has suggested as the origin of le, has a similar function to modern laizhe, in marking recent past and signaling the discontinuation of the situation at the reference time. The use of lai as a past experience marker still exists in some Northern dialects in Shanxi and Shaanxi, yet in these dialects the cognate of the Mandarin Chinese particle le is clearly related to the cognate of the suffix –le, but not to lai. It is possible that the reason for the disappearance of lai from records dating from about the 18th century (Zhang 1986) was the rise of laizhe in the same period, which Ōta (2003) observed, rather than le replacing lai as suggested by Sun (1996).
Хам сэдвээс үгийн утгыг таах
Authors: O. Gan-Enkh , Ts. Enkhtsetseg
Published: March 2023

Some teachers of advanced learners of foreign language prefer to expose students to new words in context, hoping students will acquire the vocabulary through contextual clues; whereas others explicitly teach and drill vocabulary.  Although the skill of guessing word meanings from context is widely acknowledged as a useful skill, there has been little research in this area and very little useful guidance for teachers or learners. This article focuses on learning of the meanings of new technical words that appear in a written context with explicit clues. The clues involve the following steps: determining the part of speech of the word, looking at the immediate grammar, studying the wider context, and guessing the word and checking the guess. Contextual inference or contextual guessing is defined as an important strategy in the absence of dictionaries or human assistance and it entails guessing the meaning of target word based on interpretation of its immediate context with or without reference to knowledge of the world.
Солонгос хэлний үнэлгээ, шалгалтын аргачлал (Солонгос хэлний түвшин тогтоох шалгалтын жишээгээр)
Authors: L. Tserenkhand , S. Enkhchimeg
Published: March 2023

Test of Proficiency in Korean is co-organized by Department of Asian Studies of NUM and Korean National Institute for International Education and the 46th TOPIK is on the run. Due to the rising number of test takers more and more TOPIK courses are emerging.

TOPIK trainers are facing many issues on running the test preparation course including the test knowledge, experience and strategies. For this reason, we did research on TOPIK and developed some strategies for students to answer the test questions.   

We aimed to invent strategies based on the study about the contents of the TOPIK, test takers’ results analysis and test questions.
“Хүн” ойлголт өвөрмөц хэллэгт илрэх нь
Authors: B. Enkhsaruul
Published: March 2023

In this paper, written in the spirit of anthropological linguistics paradigm of anthropocentrism is used as a principle of research "in the language of man ', and more specifically man in phraseology. Idioms, being a special and indivisible part of a language, are the crystallization of anthropology. With the development of globalization, idioms play an increasingly important role in spreading national culture. Due to its special and close relationship with culture, idioms are very difficult to learn. In view of the difficulty in and significance of idiom learning, due attention and efforts should be given to the cultural comparison and contrast between Mongolian, Russian and English idioms. By introducing the knowledge of idioms, the article analyzes idioms as a topic to be studied in anthropology. It starts with an introduction which includes basic knowledge of idioms. Meanwhile, many examples are cited to illustrate.
Хятад хэлний байдлын тогтолцоог байдлын хоёр бүрэлдэхүүнт онолын үүднээс шинжлэхүй
Authors: B. Bolor
Published: March 2023

This article analyses the aspectual system of (Mandarin) Chinese from the perspective the Two-component theory of aspect, originally put forward by Carlota S.Smith (1991/1997) based on Chomsky’s theory of Universal Grammar and the Trubetzkoy-Jakobsonian notion of Markedness, and subsequently revised and extended by Yang (1995), Xiao & McEnery (2004), and Németh (2012), among many others. Specifically, it explores how Situation type aspect and Viewpoint aspect—the two basic components that make up an aspectual system—are organized, linguistically encoded, and interact with each other to express the aspectual meaning of a sentence in Modern Chinese. The analysis reveals that Chinese, as a tenseless language, possesses a rich and complex aspectual system that comprises five basic-level situation types and four viewpoints: two perfectives and two imperfectives; consequently, the aspectual system of Chinese conforms to the Universal Grammar schemata proposed by Smith in her two-component aspectual model.
Монгол, англи, орос хэлний дайвар үгийг шинжлэх ухааны аман ярианд хэрэглэхүй
Authors: Ch. Zeenyambuu , B. Ayurzana
Published: March 2023

In this article are considered the use and functions of the adverb of Mongolian, English and Russian. Adverb is one of the interesting and difficult parts of speech to study. The task was to study the materials of the texts of oral scientific speech on the basis of the general characteristics of adverbs as part of speech and data on their formal structural features and semantic-syntactic functions: to determine: the specific semantic and syntactic functions of adverbs of Mongolian, English and Russian languages in oral Scientific speech, especially the use of adverbs in oral scientific speech, in contrast to general literary and written scientific speech. The adverb of these three languages in oral scientific speech as a whole, not differing in lexical composition, meaning and use from general literary, have some fundamental differences. These differences are determined by the characteristics of oral scientific speech. We can conclude that the adverb of Mongolian, English and Russian languages in their basic functions are not opposed to general literary speech in the semantic sense. At the same time oral speech can actively use colloquial constructions, realizing its main purpose - providing communication.
Хэлний биологийн суурь
Authors: N. Nansalmaa
Published: March 2023

Brain study has developed since the late 20th century and it is a main branch of study that unifies multidisciplinary branches. Contemporary linguistics being developed based on the neuroscience.

We are carrying out the study on determining neuromodel of language function in the frame of this approach. Neurolinguistics is the study of the neural mechanisms in the human brain that control the comprehension, production, and acquisition of language. It studies how human brain works, what are brain’s structure and function and how to deal with the relationship between language and the structure and functioning of the brain.

The paper introduces basic peculiarities that control language and mind.
Оюутны унших чадварыг хөгжүүлэх асуудалд
Authors: S. Chimedtsogzol , D. Munkhtsetseg
Published: March 2023

The priority of Mongolian government is to implement multiple projects and activities regarding the intensification of English training and promotion on its effectiveness in the past decades. This article is designed to enhance the students’ reading comprehension and reading strategies to become effective readers in academic area. We conducted the research and survey among the 100 freshmen in non professional course of National University of Mongolia (NUM).

The data comprised two separate methods such as a self- evaluation questionnaire and a test. The self- evaluation questionnaire intended to explore how students utilize the learning strategies and the test to reveal how students employ the reading strategies as well. As a result, the study has found that the instructors are entailed to improve their methods and to encourage learners’ self study’s proficiencies in terms of promoting the learners’ reading comprehension and reading effective strategies.
Газар нутгийн нэр дэх хар өнгө заасан нэрийн утга
Authors: P. Enkhjargal
Published: March 2023

In the onomastics there are a variety of interpretations of "color" names. Сolor names do not always indicate the color. Color names are used widely in relation to geographical features in almost all nations. In the present paper, we attempted to compare the place naming of Japanese and Mongolian nations on the example of the word ‘black’. As we collected from most available and largest sources of the place names of the two languages, there are 7598 Mongolian place names and 162 Japanese place names included the word ‘black’. Naming places by color is universal among nations as the cognitive acts of human beings are universal.
Англи хэлээр унших чадварыг хөгжүүлэхэд өмнөх мэдлэгийг ашиглах нь
Authors: S. Narangerel , G. Baigalmaa
Published: March 2023

Reading and understanding passages is not an appealing task to many learners. They face numerous academic difficulties in reading. In the classroom students can be encouraged to use both bottom-up and top-down strategies to help them to understand a text. However, top-down processing, which focuses on a reader’s prior or background knowledge, is considered as an effective way to read. This article has offered teachers two reading techniques (previewing and questioning) to enhance reading comprehension of students by activating their background knowledge. Teachers may adapt these techniques to their own classes to make them more efficient and beneficial for their students.
Соёл хоорондын чадамж гадаад хэлний хичээлийн зорилго болох нь (МУИС-ийн мэргэжлийн ангийн гадаад хэлний багш нараас авсан түүвэр судалгаа)
Authors: Ch. Selengemurun
Published: March 2023

In this article will be discussed the intercultural competence which must be acquired by foreign language learning. The definition and different models of intercultural competence and their contents will be shown for the demonstration that the intercultural competence is not an unknown term. This is a part of the skills in reading, writing, listening and speaking of foreign language teaching and learning, particularly a part of communicative and action competence which are known for teachers already. A survey was inquired for demonstrating the engagement by foreign language teachers to teach their learners in intercultural competence; the outcomes were analyzed by SPSS 23 statistic program within this article.
Цайны замын концепцийг монгол, орос, хятадын эдийн засгийн коридорын хөгжилтэй уялдуулах нь
Authors: Sh. Egshig
Published: March 2023

Дэлхийн түүхийн нэгээхэн хэсэг, бараг гурван зуун жилийг хамарсан XVIII-XX зууны “Цайны зам” Монголын нутгаар дайрч өнгөрдөг байв. Монгол Улсын санаачилгаар 2014 оны есдүгээр сард Монгол Улс, ОХУ, БНХАУ-ын төрийн тэргүүн нар Тажикстаны Душанбе хотноо уулзаж, гурван улсын эдийн засгийн хамтын ажиллагааг түлхүү хөгжүүлэхээр санал нэгдсэн билээ. Дараа нь 2015 оны долдугаар сард ОХУ-ын Уфа хотноо хоёр дахь удаагаа уулзахдаа Монголын “Талын зам”, Хятадын “Шинэ торгоны замын эдийн засгийн бүс” санаачилга болон ОХУ-ын тэргүүлж байгаа “Евроазийн эдийн засгийн холбоо”-г уялдуулан “Эдийн засгийн коридор” байгуулахаар тохиролцсон юм. 2016 оны 6 сард Узбекистаны нийслэл Ташкент хотноо болсон Монгол Улс, БНХАУ, ОХУ-ын төрийн тэргүүнүүдийн гурав дахь удаагийн гурван талт уулзалтын үеэр гурван улсыг холбосон “Эдийн засгийн коридор” байгуулах хөтөлбөрийг баталж, энэ хөтөлбөрийн хүрээнд талуудын сонгон авсан 32 төслийг хэрэгжүүлснээр Монгол улс бүс нутгийн эдийн засгийн интеграцид өөрийн гэсэн байр суурийг эзлэхээр болж байгаа юм. Эдийн засгийн коридор байгуулах хөтөлбөрийн хүрээнд хүмүүнлэгийн хамтын ажиллагааны чиглэлээр Монгол-Орос-Хятадын аялал жуулчлалын “Цайны их зам” брэндийг бий болгох тухай төсөл багтан орсон билээ. Эдийн засгийн коридорыг амжилттай байгуулж үр ашгийг нь хамтдаа хүртэхэд хамгийн эхний ээлжинд уг коридорыг байгуулах үндэс суурийг зөв тавих явдал юм. Гурван улсын хувьд хамтдаа бүтээн бий болгосон түүхэн бэлэн туршлага бол “Цайны зам” юм. Цайны замын түүхэн онцлогийг тогтоон, тэр онцлогоороо орчин үеийн хөгжлийн шинэ төвшинд тэрхүү түүхэн онцлог ба хөгжлийн туршлагыг шинээр боловсруулан гаргаж хэрэгжүүлэх нь өнөөгийн бидний үүрэг болж байна.
Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Test Anxiety Among Adolescent School Students in A South Indian Town – A Cross-Sectional Interventional Trial.
Authors: . V Boominathan , S Prabavathy
Published: March 2023

Test anxiety is a common issue among students. Some students find that anxiety interferes with their learning and testtaking to such an extent that their performance suffers. These students may study hard but perform poorly because they may have anxiety-provoking thoughts, such as a desire for perfection or a fear of failure. Furthermore, these negative thoughts may have other consequences, such as dissatisfaction with studies, which can lead to poor academic performance. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of test anxiety among adolescent students and to correlate the level of test anxiety among adolescent students with selected demographic variables. The research design was quantitative descriptive. Purposive sampling was used to select 144 adolescent students who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were available during the data collection period at selected schools in Puducherry. They were divided into two groups to receive a writing intervention. The standardized Westside test anxiety scale was used to collect data. The majority of subjects (71 – i.e., 49.3%) had a high level of test anxiety. Among the others, 56 (38.8%) reported severe test anxiety. But only 17 (11.9%) had extremely high test anxiety. The test anxiety score was associated with selected demographic variables, with statistically significant associations in socio-demographic variables such as the mother's occupation and family monthly income. Test anxiety is one of the most common problems among students, and it is also regarded as one of the most significant barriers to academic success. Writing intervention was very effective in decresing tets anxiety. Therefore, interventions to reduce test anxiety among adolescents should be promoted to make the examination atmosphere more congenial.
Does Audio Drama Improve Knowledge and Practice Regarding Personal Hygiene Among Visually Impaired Children
Authors: Chocka Lingam Geetha
Published: March 2023

Personal hygiene includes brushing, bathing, hand hygiene, and adequate sleep. Personal hygiene health promotion practices are frequently like general health promotion practices. Brushing, bathing, hand hygiene, and getting enough sleep are all examples of specific health promotion related to good personal hygiene. However, children who are blind or visually impaired children are more likely to contract an infection due to poor personal hygiene. The objectives were to assess the Knowledge and Practice regarding Personal hygiene among visually impaired children. To evaluate the effectiveness of Audio drama on knowledge regarding Personal hygiene. To associate the Knowledge and Practice regarding Personal hygiene with a selected demographic variable of visually impaired children. The study employed a pre-experimental research design. The research was carried out at Cuddalore's Government Blind School. Visually impaired children 30 numbers were included in the study. The sample was chosen using a simple random sampling technique. A structured interview questionnaire and checklist were used to assess the knowledge and practice of visually impaired children for data collection. The audio drama covers the introduction to personal hygiene, problems caused by poor personal hygiene practices, and proper personal hygiene practices. After seven days, a posttest was conducted. According to the findings, 21 (70%) of visually impaired children had insufficient knowledge in the pretest, but all 30 (100%) of visually impaired children had adequate knowledge in the posttest. In terms of percentage of practice, 14 (46%) of visually impaired children had fair practice in the pretest, and all 30 (100%) had good practice in the posttest. 2. The p-value was highly significant at p >0.001 level for the effectiveness of audio drama on knowledge and practice of personal hygiene between the pretest and posttest. It implied that audio drama was effective for visually impaired children. To conclude, the findings suggest that audio drama can help visually impaired children improve their knowledge and practice of personal hygiene.
Mario Puccini among M. Gorkyʼs Readers in Italia (Based on Unpublished Sources in Florentine Archives)
Authors:   The University of Naples L’Orientale, Tonini Luciа
Published: March 2023

Based on the papers of Mario Puccini, conserved at the Gabinetto G.P. Vieusseux Archive in Florence, the essay treats of the Italian reception of Maxim Gorky’s oeuvre. The ample testimony of Puccini, writer and publisher, who was in direct contact with Gorky, exemplifies how Italians responded to the Russian writer, Puccini’s articles and correspondence opening up new avenues of enquiry into Gorky’s Italian destiny.
Mythopoetic Paradigm of M. Gorky’s Creativity
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University, Ivanov Nikolai N.
Published: March 2023

The paper clarifies the role of myth, myth and poetics in the formation of M. Gorky’s type of artistic thinking. At the same time, the functional aspects of the myth in philosophy, aesthetics and, in part, the writer’s artistic language were concretized. The influence of myth, mythopoetics on M. Gorky is considered in the context of the development of Russian neorealism of the early 20th century, its artistic-ontological and aesthetic searches. The diverse embodiment of myth in the form of motifs and archetypes in the works of Gorky is revealed. Preference is given to Slavic mythologism, which, due to the conceptual and terminological ambiguity of its interpretation, is often referred to as pagan mythologism. Creatively interpreted by the writer, traditional mythologism made up the originality of the author’s mythologism, the so-called neonatologists. This tendency, which is not often raised in scientific literary works, is regarded as a General property of Russian prose of the late 19th — early 20th centuries, but in individual author’s manifestations. The type of Gorky’s artistic thinking is substantiated from the point of view of the problem. Typological similarities and differences between Gorky and his contemporaries are outlined, the view of famous works of literature is updated. The close and fruitful connections of Gorky’s attitude and creativity with the myth revealed in this work allowed us to see completely different than it was commonly believed, the writer’s worldview and aesthetic guidelines, to understand his main aspiration — to answer the eternal questions of existence, the universe. The analysis of this nature seems to have determined the true meaning of a number of works by M. Gorky.
The Problem of the Intelligentsia in Views and Work of M. Gorky
Authors:   Saratov State University, Belova Tamara D.
Published: March 2023

The problem of intellectuals, through in the works of M. Gorky, still causes controversy in criticism and literary criticism, unfounded accusations. Meanwhile, Gorky’s deep vision of the role of intellectuals in the life of the country is determined by biographical, ideological, historical and literary factors. The attraction that arose in adolescence to the intelligentsia as a source of knowledge and real power in resolving painful life issues (“In People”, “My Universities”, etc.), it did not lose its magnetism in the 1890s (“MAAlenka!”, Foma Gordeev), and in the 1900s. when with special sharpness there was for it a problem of formation of democratic intellectuals (“Man”, “Three”, “Petty Bourgeois”, “Summer Residents”, “Children of the Sun”, Mother), remaining conceptual to the last days of the author of Untimely Thoughts and The Life of Klim Samgin. The disintegration of the intelligentsia into the polar groups after the defeat of the first Russian revolution caused, on the one hand, a sharply negative attitude of Gorky-a publicist to «teachers of life», various confusions, guilty of increasing the gap between the people and the intelligentsia (From Afar, “Untimely”, etc.), on the other, — to talk about the unification of the advanced forces of the country, to strive for the image of sane people who are not indifferent to the people’s troubles: Nikolai Ivanovich, Sophia, Egor Ivanovich (Mother), Mansurov (“The Life of Matvey Kozhemyakin”), engineer Mitya Longinov (Artamonov’s Case), Makarov, Turoboev, Dmitry Samgin and others (The Life of Klim Samgin), fully protecting the intelligentsia as a valuable cultural layer on the way of society to a new world.
The Problem of Culture and Civilization in Gorky’s Interpretation (1920s)
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Primochkina Natalia N.
Published: March 2023

In the basis of Gorky’s culturological conception of the 1920s was the idea of the degeneration of living culture into a mechanical civilization. This idea from O. Spengler’s book The Decline of Europe (1918) was picked up by many European and Russian philosophers. In contrast to the Leninist theory of two cultures based on the class principle, Gorky gave his concept a timeless, ontological meaning, linked it to the basic instincts of mankind: the instinct of hunger and the instinct of reproduction. The writer stressed that only a person’s second instinct is ennobled by a feeling of love. In order to formulate his view on the problem of the coexistence of culture and civilization in the world, Gorky used the opinion “Love and hunger rule the world” from Schiller’s poem “The Wise Men”, stating that human activity aimed at satisfying the instinct of hunger leads to manifestations of civilization, and only there “where love rules, — the life of the spirit arises and develops — culture”.
Gorkyʼs Ideological and Literary Relationship with Sholom-Aleichem (Based on Correspondence)
Authors:   University of Algiers 2, Fares Kaboudi
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to poorly studied relationships of Maxim Gorky and the Russian-Jewish writer Sholom Aleichem (Solomon Rabinovich) belonging to the democratic intellectuals grouped around Gorky publishing house “Znaniye”. Sholom Aleichem who became known in Russia under this pseudonym as the author of short stories since 1901, he knew the Russian culture well and was inspired by its democratic ideals, and his first works have been written in Russian. In 1901 the writer worked on the translating works of Moyer-Sforim into Russian for the anthology initiated by Gorky. In 1903 Sholom Aleichem has addressed L. Tolstoy, Chekhov, Gorky with the proposal to take part in the collection works to help the victims of the Chisinau disorder of 1903. The best Russian writers and publicists issued an energetic protest against atrocity of thugs. The collection appeared under the name “Help”. Gorky and Sholom Aleichem’s acquaintance took place in 1904, the impression of acquaintance with Gorky was enormous. In 1909, the Moscow publishing house “Contemporary Problems” began to publish a collection of works by Sholom Aleichem in Russian, received by criticism very warmly. In 1910, Gorky welcomed the Jewish writer with the well-known letter of April 21, 1910 in which the talent of Sholom Aleichem was voiced. Gorky kept this attachment and good memory to the end of his days. He mentioned Sholom Aleichem at the First Congress of the Soviet writers, calling him exceptionally talented satirist and the humorist.
Gorky and Rolland in 1929: Gorkyʼs Preface to the First Collected Works of Rolland in the USSR
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Arias-Vikhil Marina A.
Published: March 2023

The article analyzes the preface by A.M. Gorky to the first collected works of R. Rolland in the USSR. Gorky highly appreciates the personality of Rolland and his work, protecting him from the attacks of official criticism in the person of A.V. Lunacharsky, who accused Rolland of “quixoticism” and misunderstanding of the political situation in the USSR. At the same time, Gorky declares Rolland as a writer “obsolete”, belonging to “yesterday”. Gorky’s position testifies to the evolution of his attitude to the work of the “humanist and pacifist” Rolland in the light of future changes in the life of Gorky himself, preparing for his return to the USSR and no longer separating himself from the participants in the “great cause of renewal” taking place in his homeland.
Gorky-Encyclopedist
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Propolyanis Galina E.
Published: March 2023

V.F. Khodasevich noted that Gorky had “amazing” memory. This memory and also a wide range of reading, and the constant pursuit of new knowledge made the writer an encyclopedist of his era. Many famous people of that time spoke about him like this: N.N. Burdenko, K.I. Chukovsky, K.A. Trenev, P.D. Korin. Gorky’s encyclopedism was especially evident in his editorial work on the magazine “Our Achievements”, in the implementation of projects on “The History of factories and plants”, “World History”, “World Literature”, the series “Poet’s Library”, “The History of a young man”. Ultimately Gorky directed all his knowledge and strength to educational work, trying to awaken in people the desire to open new horizons, to encourage them to improve themselves and the world around them.
M. Gorky and European Cinema of the Early 20th Century
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Plotnikova Anastasia G.
Published: March 2023

The works of M. Gorky were in demand by European cinema. Directors of various stylistic cinematographic directions turned to the screen version of his works. French cinema has repeatedly turned to the work of M. Gorky. In 1926 he released the film “The Madness of the Brave” (“La folie des vaillants”), filmed by Germain Dulac, who became one of the founders of surrealism in the cinema. In 1936 a film “The lower depths” (“Les basfonds”) based on the play by M. Gorky was directed by Jean Renoir. The script for the film was written by E.I. Zamyatin, and Gorky supported him in this work.
The Play “Mother” by M. Gorky — B. Brecht on Broadway (1935): World Fame and Failure
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Gudkov Maxim M.
Published: March 2023

The author examines the only production of Maxim Gorky’s novel “Mother” in the USA, which was adapted by Bertolt Brecht and staged by the leading Left-wing theatre of New York — Theatre Union. The history of artistic confrontation of American authors of the production and German playwright, who arrived from over the ocean to supervise it is considered in the paper. As a result of the research of how the production was being made, as well as how it was perceived by Broadway spectators it is possible to conclude that the realistic aesthetics and psychological insight of Gorky was more recognizable to the American producers than the Brecht’s epic theatre.
Representation of Key Traits of National Identity in Maxim Gorky’s Novel The Life of Klim Samgin
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kryukova Olga S.
Published: March 2023

The concepts of “folk” and “intelligentsia” define the atmosphere of intellectual arguments in the beginning of the novel. Klim in his childhood did not start associating the “folk” with “Russianness”. “Folk” was for him a theoretical and even a mythological concept. National self-identification of the character in his tender years is built upon an instinctive refusal of the “foreign”. Klim’s social circle includes a guest of the Samgin’s writer Katin, who emphasizes in his look and speech his engagement with the people, but his “Russianness” looks exaggerated. In the arguments of characters Varavka is the first to bring up the topic of development of a national identity. He thinks that class (social) and regional identities are hierarchically above the national identity for Russian citizens. The author describes in the report such main traits of Russian national identity as language, traditional clothes, folk music, “places of memories” and national holidays. The author also compares Russian and European identities as seen by the characters of the novel.
Artistic Representation of the Reflexing Consciousness (Based on the Material of M. Gorky’s Novel The Life of Klim Samgin)
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gavrish Tatiana R.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the work is literary analysis of the means of artistic image of the main character’s specific consciousness of the novel by M. Gorky The Life of Klim Samgin. The author of the article investigates the problem of multiple consciousness of the personality of Gorky’s contemporary-intellectual. The writer uses the description of unconscious and borderline states of the character (in particular states of dream or disease), reception of mixing of the real and unreal, external and internal plans represented by means of introduction in the text of the novel of the East parable for the first time opening to consciousness of Gorky’s hero its internal duality; allegorical dream of Samgin characterizing him from the point of view of the true internal «I» and predicting his death; an episode of Samgin’s half-asleep, which actualizes the question of the truth or illusory nature of his personality, and also reveals the hero’s desire to hide his facelessness or to protect himself from hostile reality; an episode of the distribution of Samgin’s life experience between the twins, internally surrounding him; an episode of the embodiment of the main character’s allegorical dream when moving the state of internal fragmentation of the character in the description of his real life. Internal unity is unattainable for Samgin; the real reality behaves aggressively, not giving him the opportunity to feel the personal integrity and gain individuality. As a result of the study, the author of the presented work managed to prove that, using the method of changing and modifying the means of artistic image of the main character’s of the The Life of Klim Samgin specific consciousness, the author of the novel allows him to draw conclusions concerning the understanding of his own personality — the personality of Gorky’s contemporary-intellectual. This article uses psychological, culturalhistorical, sociological, descriptive methods of research.
M. Gorky: Museum Biography in the Historical Context
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Demkina Svetlana M.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the Museum component of the study of life and work of M. Gorky. Museums contribute to the visual and accessible development of history. It is a national treasure that binds historical memory and forms the moral climate in which generations live and are brought up. The basis of the Gorky Museum exhibition is based on the chronological principle. Gorky influenced the formation of new trends of Russian culture in literature, theater, painting. Gorky as a Museum person allows to tell about significant stages of national history. The Moscow Museum holds numerous evidence of Gorky’s participation in the social life of the twentieth century: photographs, documents, paintings, drawings, newspaper clippings. The scale of the personality of the writer, the diversity of the collections of the Gorky Museum and the architectural originality of the literary and memorial exhibitions offer great opportunities for the Museum space and all kinds of educational activities.
Innovative Approaches to the Museum’s Exposition and Research Activities in A.M. Gorky Museum (Moscow)
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dontsova Margarita V. , Merkovskaya Marina A. ,   А.М. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2023

The realities of modern life pose a two-fold task for the museum today. On the one hand, the museum in a rapidly changing world is the guardian of a bygone era and culture. On the other hand, acquainting new generations with museum treasures, it is necessary to take into account the audio-visual environment that has changed in the last decades, a completely different way of perceiving information by a modern person. So our museum, whose purpose is to carefully store and demonstrate the memorial exposition connected with the last years of life of A.M. Gorky in Ryabushinsky’s mansion, and represent Shekhtel’s architectural masterpiece, faced the need to seek new approaches to the work of the museum, the introduction of modern technologies, the development of new concepts of exhibition activities. The theoretical aspects and real experience of the museum’s exposition and research activities are considered in this article.
The Significance of Maxim Gorky’s Works for Modern Chinese Literature
Authors:   Nanjing Normal University, Jie Zhi Wang
Published: March 2023

Translation of M. Gorky’s works into Chinese originates in 1907. Since then, many other works of this writer have been regularly translated and published in China, enjoying great popularity among readers. Gorky and his works had a significant impact on all Chinese literature. Since the mid-1980s, when serious changes affecting the historical and social atmosphere of the time, there was a new look at Russian literature of the 20th century. It has had an impact on people’s perception of Gorky’s creativity. But in the hearts of Chinese readers, writers and researchers Gorky forever remains a great Man and a humanist, a kind and sincere intellectual with a tender and sincere love in his soul for his Homeland and his people. Gorky belongs not only to Russia, but also to China, as well as to all mankind.
ON THE NUMBER OF LIMIT CYCLES IN A LIÉNARD-LIKE PERTURBATION OF A NON-LINEAR QUADRATIC ISOCHRONOUS CENTER
Authors: khaireddine fernane , ELLAGGOUNE SELMA , BADI SABRINA
Published: March 2023

In this paper we estimate the maximum number of limit cycles that can
bifurcate from an integrable non-linear quadratic ischronous center,
when perturbed inside a class of Liénard-like polynomial differential
systems of arbitrary degree n. The main tool employed in this
study is the averaging theory of first order.
MHD Micropolar Slip Flow due to an Exponentially Stretching Sheet with Chemical Reaction and Non--uniform Heat Generation
Authors: Vaishnav Bal Krishn , Choudhary Sushila , Yadav Bhagawan Singh
Published: March 2023

The main focus of the current study is to examine the impact of melting
heat transfer and chemical reactions on MHD micropolar fluid flow over a
sheet that is exponentially stretching and immersed in a porous medium
in which the source of heat is not uniform. Also taken into
consideration are slip phenomena and thermal radiation. The governing
PDEs are converted to a system of ODEs via similarity transformation and
the necessary boundary conditions. These nonlinear ODEs are resolved
with the help of shooting techniques and an RK-4 iterative strategy.
Also, solved this problem using the Bvp4c approach for validating the
results of the RK-4 method. Both outcomes are consistent with previously
published data. With the help of tables and graphs, we examine the
influence of multiple physical parameters on velocity, thermal profile,
microrotation, concentration profiles, Nusselt number, Sherwood number,
coefficient of skin friction, and Wall couple stress. We see that the
temperature distribution and velocity profiles decrease when the melting
parameter increases. The temperature profile boost when the heat source
parameter is increased.
Non-paretic leg movements can facilitate cortical drive to the paretic leg in severe stroke: implications for motor priming
Authors: Lim Hyosok , Madhavan Sangeetha
Published: March 2023

Background: Cross-education, a phenomenon where unilateral strength (or
skill) training enhances strength (or skill) in the contralateral
untrained limb, has been well studied in able-bodied individuals.
However, whether non-paretic leg movements can modulate corticomotor
excitability (CME) and improve motor control of the paretic leg in
stroke remains unclear. Objective: To determine the effects of
non-paretic leg movements on corticomotor responses and motor control of
the paretic leg in persons with severe stroke. Methods: Seventeen post
stroke individuals with severe leg motor impairment performed three
20-min motor trainings using their non-paretic ankle: skill (targeted
dynamic movements), strength (isometric resistance), and sham
(sub-threshold electrical nerve stimulation). Transcranial magnetic
stimulation measured CME of the contralateral pathways from the
non-lesioned motor cortex (M1) to the non-paretic tibialis anterior (TA)
muscle, ipsilateral pathways to the paretic TA, and transcallosal
inhibition (TCI) from the non-lesioned to lesioned M1. Paretic ankle
motor control was measured using a reaction time paradigm. Results: CME
of the non-paretic TA increased after skill (23%) and strength (19%)
training (p<0.01). Ipsilateral CME of the paretic TA (23%)
and TCI (36%) increased after skill (p<0.05) but not strength
training. Reaction time of the paretic ankle improved after skill and
strength training (~12%; p<0.05) and was
sustained at 60 minutes. No changes were observed during the sham
condition. Conclusion: Our findings may inform future studies for using
non-paretic leg movements as a priming modality, especially for those
who are contraindicated to other priming paradigms (e.g., brain
stimulation) or unable to perform paretic leg movements.
A booster dose of either BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 mRNA vaccines induces a robust recall of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG antibodies in saliva
Authors: Turner Frederick E. , Brown Robert , Chellamuthu Prithivi , Saavedra Edwyn , Denny Nicholas , Santacruz Marilisa , Angel Aaron N. , MacMullan Melanie A. , Shacreaw Maria , Lopez Lauren , Hess Victoria , Kojima Noah , Klausner Jeffery D. , Brobeck Matthew , Slepnev Vladimir I. , Ibrayeva Albina
Published: March 2023

Saliva specimens offer practical advantages over serum specimens for
studying SARS-CoV-2 immunity following natural infections or
vaccination. Salivary anti-spike (S)-protein immunoglobulin G (IgG)
antibody titers are quantifiable by ELISA with high sensitivity and
specificity and robustly correlated with serum titers. Our longitudinal
prospective study enrolled participants who received two-dose regimen
vaccination with either mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 vaccines, and salivary
anti-S-protein IgG titers were measured at intervals for its duration.
Subsequently, participants received homologous mRNA-1273 (n=28) and
BNT162b2 (n=29) booster vaccines and enrolled in the booster study.
Participants performed self-collection of saliva specimens with the
OraSure device at predetermined time intervals for
each cohort. Salivary anti-S-protein IgG titers varied between
participants following the second dose; titers waned from their peak 9
to 150-fold in the mRNA-1273 cohort and 7 to 105-fold in the BNT162b2
cohort. The booster dose elicited a 2 to 238-fold increase in the
mRNA-1273 cohort and a 20 to 255-fold increase in the BNT162b2 cohort
from the lowest titer. These results replicate the antibody waning and
recall trends following second and third doses reported in larger
studies using serum specimens, supporting the use of non-invasive saliva
specimens to monitor antibody titers during future epidemics or
vaccination campaigns.
Evaluation of optimum season selection for construction RSEI: A case study of ecological environment quality assess-ment in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2001 to 2020
Authors: Huang Shaodong , Li Yujie , Hu Haowen , Xue Pengcheng , Xiong Nina , Wang Jia
Published: March 2023

Timely and objective assessment of the optimal season for the
construction of remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) is of great
significance for accurate and effective assessment of ecological
environment quality. We manipulated RSEI in different seasons to monitor
and evaluate seasonal ecological environment quality (EEQ) variations in
the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei （JJJ） region from 2001 to 2020. First, we
evaluated the image quality, and the bad observations were interpolated.
Second, the seasonal RSEI was constructed by MODIS, and we compared the
eigenvalues contribution rate of PC1 in seasons. Third, we assessed the
temporal and spatial variations in EEQ across the same season within
distinct years. Third, Moran’s I was employed to evaluate the spatial
autocorrelation of EEQ and the stability of mean and standard deviation
of correlation between RSEI and four indicators of seasons was compared.
The results showed that: 1)the PC1 component concentrates most of the
characteristics of the four indicators, especially in summer (over
71%); 2) the Moran’ I in the summer of 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, and 2020
are 0.909, 0.898, 0.917, 0.921, and 0.892, respectively, which indicated
that the EEQ has a strong positive spatial correlation. 3) the
correlation between the four indicators and summer RSEI showed high
correlation in different years, and the standard deviation of the
correlation between the four indicators and RSEI fluctuated most
slightly in summer, which the std of NDVI, WET, LST, and, NDBSI were
0.005, 0.052, 0.026, and 0.017, respectively. 4) Only the RSEI in summer
and the VCF show spatial distribution consistency in the long time
series RSEI spatial distribution of four seasons. This study explored
the spatiotemporal variations of EEQ in the JJJ region at a seasonal
scale, which can provide a reference for selecting the optimum season
for the ecological quality monitoring of urban agglomeration in the
future.
The epidemiology of blunt ocular trauma in a tertiary health care institution in Serbia - a four-year-long retrospective study
Authors: Kovacevic Igor , Bila Mladen , Mirkovic Jelena , Misic Ivan , Vasilijevic Jelena
Published: March 2023

Introduction/Objective. Ocular trauma is a globally important cause of visual impairment. The aim of our study was to analyses demographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics of blunt ocular trauma. Methods. The retrospective study enrolled patients with blunt ocular trauma, hospitalized at the Eye Clinic, University Clinical Centre of Serbia in Belgrade during a four-year period (2018?2022). Demographic characteristics, mechanism of injury, best corrected visual acuity on admission and discharge and injured eye structure were analyzed. Results. Out of 283 patients, the majority (n = 233, 82%) were men. People aged 61 and over (n = 82, 29%) were at greatest risk for blunt ocular trauma. Injuries from splitting wood (n = 78, 28%) and various blunt tools and objects (n = 70, 25%) were the most common mechanism in the entire study group, both in men and in women. Visual acuity on admission was better than 0.6 in 147 (52%) patients and at discharge in 185 (65%). The most common eye structure affected are pathological findings in anterior chamber (n = 160, 56%), which are mainly related to hyphemia. Conclusion. Present study showed that blunt ocular trauma affects all age groups, but most often elderly and children. Men are injured more often than women. Splitting wood and manipulating blunt tools and objects are activities with the highest risk of blunt ocular trauma.
Unravelling the assignment problem under intuitionistic triangular fuzzy environment by the novel heuristic Dhouib-Matrix-AP1
Authors: Dhouib Souhail
Published: March 2023

The Assignment Problem (AP) can be stated as n activities to be assigned to n resources in such a way that the overall cost of assignment is minimized and each activity is assigned to one and only one resource. In real-life, the parameters of the AP are presented as uncertain numbers due to the lack of knowledge, experiences or any other (internal or external) factor. In this paper, the AP is considered under intuitionistic triangular fuzzy number and solved by the novel constructive heuristic Dhouib-Matrix-AP1 (DM-AP1) with a time complexity of O(n). Actually, this paper presents the first enhancement of the novel heuristic DM-AP1 to solve the AP under intuitionistic triangular fuzzy environment. DM-AP1 is composed of three simple steps: computing the total cost, selecting the highest value and finding the minimal element. These steps are repeated in n iterations with the use of a standard deviation statistical metric. Two case studies of AP under intuitionistic triangular fuzzy set are taken from the literature and a step-by-step application of the novel DM-AP1 heuristic is presented for more clarification.