bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
No Evidence That Lateral Preferences Predict Individual Differences in the Tendency to Update Mental Representations: A Replication-Extension Study
Authors: Gyimesi Marton L. , Vilsmeier Johannes K. , Voracek Martin , Tran Ulrich S.
Published: August 2019

A growing body of evidence suggests that inconsistent hand preference is indicative of an increased disposition to update one’s beliefs upon exposure to novel information. This is attributed to a facilitated exchange of information between the two brain hemispheres among inconsistent handers, compared to consistent handers. Currently available studies provide only indirect evidence for such an effect, were mostly based on small sample sizes, and did not provide measures of effect size. Small sample size is a major factor contributing to low replicability of research findings and false-positive results. We thus attempted to replicate Experiment 1 of Westfall, Corser and Jasper (2014), which appears to be representative of research on degree of handedness and belief updating in terms of the employed methods. We utilized data from a sample more than 10 times the size (N = 1243) of the original study and contrasted the commonly applied median-split technique to classify inconsistent and consistent handers with an empirically grounded classification scheme. Following a replication-extension approach, besides handedness, footedness was also explored. Only one out of 12 chi-squared tests reached significance and supported the original hypothesis that inconsistent handers stay with, or switch more often from, the status quo than consistent handers, depending on the valence of novel information. A small-telescopes analysis suggested that the original study had too low analytic power to detect its reported effect reliably. These results cast doubt on the assumption that inconsistent and consistent-handers differ in the tendency to update mental representations. We discuss the use of the median-split technique in handedness research, available neuroscientific evidence on interhemispheric interaction and inconsistent handedness, and venues of future research.
Radioactive iodine in differentiated thyroid cancer: a national database perspective
Authors: Orosco Ryan K , Hussain Timon , Noel Julia E , Chang David C , Dosiou Chrysoula , Mittra Erik , Divi Vasu , Orloff Lisa A
Published: August 2019

Radioactive iodine (RAI) is a key component in the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer. RAI has been recommended more selectively in recent years as guidelines evolve to reflect risks and utility in certain patient subsets. In this study we sought to evaluate the survival impact of radioactive iodine in specific thyroid cancer subgroups. Nationwide retrospective cohort study of patients using the National Cancer Database (NCDB) from 2004 to 2012 and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 1992 to 2009 examining patients with differentiated thyroid cancer treated with or without RAI. Primary outcomes included all-cause mortality (NCDB and SEER), and cancer-specific mortality (SEER). Cox multivariate survival analyses were applied to each dataset, and in 135 patient subgroups based on clinical and non-clinical parameters. A total of 199,371 NCDB and 77,187 SEER patients were identified. RAI was associated with improved all-cause mortality (NCDB: RAI hazard ratio (HR) 0.55, P < 0.001; SEER: HR 0.64, P < 0.001); and cancer-specific mortality (SEER: HR 0.82, P = 0.029). Iodine therapy showed varied efficacy within each subgroup. Patients with high-risk disease experienced the greatest benefit in all-cause mortality, followed by intermediate-risk, then low-risk subgroups. Regarding cancer-specific mortality, radioactive iodine therapy was protective in high-risk patients, but did not achieve statistical significance in most intermediate-risk subgroups. Low-risk T1a subgroups demonstrated an increased likelihood of cancer-specific mortality with iodine therapy. The efficacy of RAI in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer varies by disease severity. A negative cancer-specific survival association was identified in patients with T1a disease. These findings warrant further evaluation with prospective studies.
Effects of Different Storage Conditions on Mechanical Properties of CAD/CAM Restorative Materials
Authors: Atay DDS, PhD Ayşe , Sağirkaya DDS, PhD Elçin
Published: August 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate mechanical properties of six new-generation all-ceramic materials for CAD/CAM (Lava Ultimate [LU], VITA Mark II [VM], InCoris TZI [IC], IPS e.max CAD [EM], VITA Suprinity [VS], IPS Empress CAD [EC]) and two different provisional restoration CAD/CAM materials (Telio CAD [TC], Vita CAD-Temp [VC]) after different storage conditions. 36 bar-shaped samples of 4 mm in width and 14 mm in length with 1.2 mm thicknesses were prepared from each material group (N=288). The specimens from each material were kept under three different storage conditions (n=12): under dry conditions at room temperature; 37°C distilled water for 7 days; and 37°C distilled water for 7 days followed by 10,000 thermal cycles. All specimens were subjected to a 3-point flexural test with a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. The specimens were loaded until failure. Twelve fractured specimens after the flexural test from each group were used for the Vickers hardness test (under 300 gf of loading in 15 seconds). The flexural modulus, flexural strength and Vickers hardness values were separately analyzed with two-way analysis of variance, Tukey’s multiple comparison tests at a significance level of p<0.05. There were statistically significant differences between materials and storage conditions according to flexural modulus, flexural strength and Vickers hardness values (p<0.05).  The flexural strength, flexural modulus and Vickers hardness values of LU, VC, TC, VS and IC decreased after water storage followed by thermal cycling (p<0.05). The mechanical properties of provisional restoration CAD/CAM materials had showed a significantly decrease after water storage followed by thermal cycles but their mechanical properties were acceptable for fabrication of provisional restorations. The mechanical properties of VM, EC and EM were not affected by different storage conditions whereas IC and VS were affected.
Organization and Management of U.S. Education- School Level
Authors: Kamenoposlka Tsveta
Published: August 2019

The article provides a general overview of the contemporary organization, structure, and management of U.S. education on school level, based on original literature and the author's personal experience. Some of the positive practices from the U.S. educational system presented could be useful for practical application in the Bulgarian educational system.
Group Work in Speech Therapy for Approving Writing Skills in Students with Writing Disabilities from Early School Age
Authors: Stoyanova Mariyana
Published: August 2019

The problem of writing disability of students in primary school age has been one of the most common recently. Writing disabilities are referred to as dysgraphia and considered crucial in attaining school subjects. The number of such students has increased during the last decade. Improvements in mastering the written speech/abilities/are due to both the professional interference of teachers and the early evaluation of students’ skill deficit in writing. Thus, the risk for school and social failure of such students could be avoided. The system of correctional and therapeutic methods and group-based work with students with writing disabilities benefit their writing.
Teaching Computer Modeling Classes in 3rd Grade by Using a Fairy Tale Character from Literature Classes
Authors: Kozhuharova Daniela , Topalska Radka
Published: August 2019

The article presents a methodological option for studying the Scratch program in Computer Modeling Classes in the 3rd grade, using a literary hero from a tale in Literature. An analysis is made of the results of the observation of the students'knowledge and skills, following the methodological option and a investigation that takes into account the students' ability to explain the change in the behavior of the hero through the digital content they have made.
Carbapenem resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae among Indian and international patients in North India
Authors: Jaggi Namita , Chatterjee Nirupama , Singh Vyoma , Giri Santosh Kumar , Dwivedi Priyambada , Panwar Rajesh , Sharma Ajendra Pratap
Published: August 2019

The aim of the study was to find out the carbapenem resistance rate and prevalence of different carbapenemase genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli from a North Indian corporate hospital that receives both Indian and international patients. A total of 528 clinical isolates of E. coli and K. pneumoniae were included in the study. All isolates that were found resistant to carbapenems by MIC testing (Vitek II Compact®) were screened for NDM, OXA-48, VIM, and KPC genes by PCR. Sequencing of NDM gene and transmissibility by conjugation assay were checked on 22 randomly selected NDM-positive isolates. One hundred and fifty-six isolates (29.54%) were carbapenem-resistant. The rate of carbapenem resistance was significantly higher in K. pneumoniae as compared to E. coli (53.9% vs. 15.6%; p < 0.05). The NDM gene was found in 34.6% (54/156), OXA-48 in 31.4% (49/156), co-expression of NDM + OXA-48 in 15.3% (24/156) of the carbapenem-resistant isolates. VIM and KPC were absent in all isolates. NDM gene was significantly more prevalent in E. coli than K. pneumoniae (p < 0.05). All the tested isolates formed transconjugants and NDM-5 was the most common variant in both species (15/22). The presence of plasmid-based NDM calls for stricter surveillance measures in our hospital settings.
Stosunki Polska–Rosja: stan, problemy, nowe możliwości
Authors:   Bałtycki Uniwersytet Federalny im. Immanuela Kanta w Kaliningradzie, Żukowski Igor
Published: August 2019

Baltic Sea region is a zone of strategic interests for the Russian Federation, in which, however, a set of possible tools for implementing the interests of the state is significantly limited. This limitation determines the nature of the balance of interests formed in the Baltic region: it is obvious that the paradigm of strength in the foreign policy of every player in this region is neither efficient nor perspective. At today’s stage, Poland is one of the most important participants in the international processes in the Baltic region and Central and Eastern Europe. It provides a fairly effective implementation of its foreign policy interests within the institutions of the Euro-Atlantic bloc, and – less effectively – in relations with other countries in the Eastern European region, which do not belong to this bloc. Russian foreign policy is subordinated to the tasks of creating conditions for modernization and pre-emptive internal development and reconstruction of the greatpower status in the global context.

It is obvious that today’s Russian-Polish interstate relations are not free from the influence of global processes of foreign policy. These relations are a part of a broader strategy of Russia and Poland in relation to the external world as a whole, in particular the EU and NATO. Therefore, rapid changes in Russian-Polish interstate relations depending on the revision of the foreign policy of one of the parties are not possible. All geopolitical choices of both Russia and Poland have already been made and there is no indication that parties would want to make this choice again.

For Russian foreign policy, Poland as a participant in the international processes is an important player, but not essential. For Poland “big eastern neighbour” is one of the most important factors of both foreign policy and domestic policy processes. Russia and Poland often have different interests in foreign policy, inter alia, there is a direct articulation zone and collision of interests – Belarus, Ukraine, a number of adjacent territories of Baltic and Black Seas which have been subject to competition from Moscow and Warsaw in various historical reincarnations. Neither Poland nor Russia are ready to give up their geopolitical and economic interests which often are not only annoying for the neighbours and put representatives of the Ministries of Foreign Affairs in awkward situation but also are directly contradictory. However, there is one sphere in which it is impossible to mention any contradictions between Poland and Russia as countries, between professional societies, between citizens – it is the academic cooperation.
Wojownicy i mistycy. Dzieje i specyfika islamizacji Azji Środkowej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Jessa Paweł
Published: August 2019

The spread of Islam in Central Asia was the turning point in history of this region. The author offers a historical periodization of this long and complex process of successive initiation of Central Asia to the Islamic civilization, which began in the 8th century and lasted more than a millennium. The periodization is based on most important historical events, conquests, political upheavals and social changes that influenced the destiny of the region’s peoples. Much attention is paid to the history (concerning parts of the territory of Central Asia) and the penetration of the areas by the Islamic Sufi brotherhood, which played a controversial, but also a significant role in mobilizing the spiritual and cultural development of Central Asian societies. The article highlights the problems associated with the violation of human rights and the persecution of Islamic believers in the Soviet state, as well as the negative effects of policy of militant atheism.
Z problematyki kulturalnej na łamach kwartalnika „Lithuania”
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego, Mianowska Joanna
Published: August 2019

Relations between Lithuania and Poland should be laid in layers not only in the sphere of interstate relations which are associated with the Polish and Lithuanian identity. It must be stated that although there have been historical disputes between our nations the countries have always enriched each other culturally. For example, Polish and Lithuanian interest in Adam Mickiewicz and Nobel laureate Czesław Miłosz work. Mutual interest in literature, painting, sculpture, music, art, film and theatre resulted in creation of the quarterly journal “Lithuania” in 1990. “Lithuania” widely presented socio-political, economic and cultural issues and not always exemplary relations between Poland and Lithuania. In the 90s famous names in Lithuanian and Polish culture were reflected on the pages of the quarterly “Lithuania”. “Lithuania” presents a work of dissidents (Tomas Venclova) and the broad spectrum of the culture of national minorities, which are a part of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Great writers Marc Chagall and Czesław Miłosz were writing about Jewish Vilnius in their times. “Lithuania” devotes much space to national minorities, for example the Ukrainian minority. The text presents information from the quarterly journal about Adam Mickiewicz Jubilee. The quarterly journal devotes a lot of attention to issues associated with our great poet and his writing. A separate topic of “Lithuania” is a presentation of similarities and differences between the Lithuanian and Polish cultures and mentalities. Classic literature in the pages of the quarterly “Lithuania” is perceived as a notion of important artistic values. However, it is a pity that during the 90s the quarterly journal lacked more references to the Lithuanian and Polish emigration literature and how they penetrated each other. It seems that the quarterly “Lithuania” owes a lot to the excellent editorial and reflections of the Chief Editor Leon Brodowski.
Robustness Envelopes for Temporal Plans
Authors: Cashmore Michael , Cimatti Alessandro , Magazzeni Daniele , Micheli Andrea , Zehtabi Parisa
Published: August 2019

To achieve practical execution, planners must produce temporal plans with some degree of run-time adaptability. Such plans can be expressed as Simple Temporal Networks (STN), that constrain the timing of action activations, and implicitly represent the space of choices for the plan executor.A first problem is to verify that all the executor choices allowed by the STN plan will be successful, i.e. the plan is valid. An even more important problem is to assess the effect of discrepancies between the model used for planning and the execution environment.We propose an approach to compute the “robustness envelope” (i.e., alternative action durations or resource consumption rates) of a given STN plan, for which the plan remains valid. Plans can have boolean and numeric variables as well as discrete and continuous change. We leverage Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) to make the approach formal and practical.
Efficient Temporal Planning Using Metastates
Authors: Coles Amanda , Coles Andrew , Beck J. Christopher
Published: August 2019

When performing temporal planning as forward state-space search, effective state memoisation is challenging. Whereas in classical planning, two states are equal if they have the same facts and variable values, in temporal planning this is not the case: as the plans that led to the two states are subject to temporal constraints, one might be extendable into at temporally valid plan, while the other might not. In this paper, we present an approach for reducing the state space explosion that arises due to having to keep many copies of the same ‘classically’ equal state – states that are classically equal are aggregated into metastates, and these are separated lazily only in the case of temporal inconsistency. Our evaluation shows that this approach, implemented in OPTIC and compared to existing state-of-the-art memoisation techniques, improves performance across a range of temporal domains.
Solving Multiagent Planning Problems with Concurrent Conditional Effects
Authors: Furelos-Blanco Daniel , Jonsson Anders
Published: August 2019

In this work we present a novel approach to solving concurrent multiagent planning problems in which several agents act in parallel. Our approach relies on a compilation from concurrent multiagent planning to classical planning, allowing us to use an off-the-shelf classical planner to solve the original multiagent problem. The solution can be directly interpreted as a concurrent plan that satisfies a given set of concurrency constraints, while avoiding the exponential blowup associated with concurrent actions. Our planner is the first to handle action effects that are conditional on what other agents are doing. Theoretically, we show that the compilation is sound and complete. Empirically, we show that our compilation can solve challenging multiagent planning problems that require concurrent actions.
Searching with Consistent Prioritization for Multi-Agent Path Finding
Authors: Ma Hang , Harabor Daniel , Stuckey Peter J. , Li Jiaoyang , Koenig Sven
Published: August 2019

We study prioritized planning for Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF). Existing prioritized MAPF algorithms depend on rule-of-thumb heuristics and random assignment to determine a fixed total priority ordering of all agents a priori. We instead explore the space of all possible partial priority orderings as part of a novel systematic and conflict-driven combinatorial search framework. In a variety of empirical comparisons, we demonstrate state-of-the-art solution qualities and success rates, often with similar runtimes to existing algorithms. We also develop new theoretical results that explore the limitations of prioritized planning, in terms of completeness and optimality, for the first time.
Sliding Window Temporal Graph Coloring
Authors: Mertzios George B. , Molter Hendrik , Zamaraev Viktor
Published: August 2019

Graph coloring is one of the most famous computational problems with applications in a wide range of areas such as planning and scheduling, resource allocation, and pattern matching. So far coloring problems are mostly studied on static graphs, which often stand in stark contrast to practice where data is inherently dynamic and subject to discrete changes over time. A temporal graph is a graph whose edges are assigned a set of integer time labels, indicating at which discrete time steps the edge is active. In this paper we present a natural temporal extension of the classical graph coloring problem. Given a temporal graph and a natural number ∆, we ask for a coloring sequence for each vertex such that (i) in every sliding time window of ∆ consecutive time steps, in which an edge is active, this edge is properly colored (i.e. its endpoints are assigned two different colors) at least once during that time window, and (ii) the total number of different colors is minimized. This sliding window temporal coloring problem abstractly captures many realistic graph coloring scenarios in which the underlying network changes over time, such as dynamically assigning communication channels to moving agents. We present a thorough investigation of the computational complexity of this temporal coloring problem. More specifically, we prove strong computational hardness results, complemented by efficient exact and approximation algorithms. Some of our algorithms are linear-time fixed-parameter tractable with respect to appropriate parameters, while others are asymptotically almost optimal under the Exponential Time Hypothesis (ETH).
Automated Verification of Social Laws for Continuous Time Multi-Robot Systems
Authors: Nir Ronen , Karpas Erez
Published: August 2019

Designing multi-agent systems, where several agents work in a shared environment, requires coordinating between the agents so they do not interfere with each other. One of the canonical approaches to coordinating agents is enacting a social law, which applies restrictions on agents’ available actions. A good social law prevents the agents from interfering with each other, while still allowing all of them to achieve their goals. Recent work took the first step towards reasoning about social laws using automated planning and showed how to verify if a given social law is robust, that is, allows all agents to achieve their goals regardless of what the other agents do. This work relied on a classical planning formalism, which assumed actions are instantaneous and some external scheduler chooses which agent acts next. However, this work is not directly applicable to multi-robot systems, because in the real world actions take time and the agents can act concurrently. In this paper, we show how the robustness of a social law in a continuous time setting can be verified through compilation to temporal planning. We demonstrate our work both theoretically and on real robots.
Efficient Optimal Approximation of Discrete Random Variables for Estimation of Probabilities of Missing Deadlines
Authors: Cohen Liat , Weiss Gera
Published: August 2019

We present an efficient algorithm that, given a discrete random variable X and a number m, computes a random variable whose support is of size at most m and whose Kolmogorov distance from X is minimal. We present some variants of the algorithm, analyse their correctness and computational complexity, and present a detailed empirical evaluation that shows how they performs in practice. The main application that we examine, which is our motivation for this work, is estimation of the probability of missing deadlines in series-parallel schedules. Since exact computation of these probabilities is NP-hard, we propose to use the algorithms described in this paper to obtain an approximation.
Collective Online Learning of Gaussian Processes in Massive Multi-Agent Systems
Authors: Hoang Trong Nghia , Hoang Quang Minh , Low Kian Hsiang , How Jonathan
Published: August 2019

This paper presents a novel Collective Online Learning of Gaussian Processes (COOL-GP) framework for enabling a massive number of GP inference agents to simultaneously perform (a) efficient online updates of their GP models using their local streaming data with varying correlation structures and (b) decentralized fusion of their resulting online GP models with different learned hyperparameter settings and inducing inputs. To realize this, we exploit the notion of a common encoding structure to encapsulate the local streaming data gathered by any GP inference agent into summary statistics based on our proposed representation, which is amenable to both an efficient online update via an importance sampling trick as well as multi-agent model fusion via decentralized message passing that can exploit sparse connectivity among agents for improving efficiency and enhance the robustness of our framework against transmission loss. We provide a rigorous theoretical analysis of the approximation loss arising from our proposed representation to achieve efficient online updates and model fusion. Empirical evaluations show that COOL-GP is highly effective in model fusion, resilient to information disparity between agents, robust to transmission loss, and can scale to thousands of agents.
Centrifuge model tests of geogrid-reinforced slope supporting a high embankment
Authors: Xu H. , Ren X. , Chen J.-N. , Liu C.-N. , Xia L. , Liu Y.-W.
Published: August 2019

This study evaluated the deformation behaviour, vertical stress, strain, and failure mode of a 14 m-high (H) geogrid-reinforced slope supporting an 8 m-high embankment using centrifuge models. Tests were conducted at an acceleration of up to 40g. Additional tests were conducted to investigate the effects of layer spacing (0.5 to 1.0 m at prototype scale) and slope inclination (45° to 90°) on the performance of the reinforced slopes. The maximum strain (∼0.04%) occurred in the reinforcement layer nearest to the crest of the slope. Potential slip surfaces were identified from peak strains in the reinforcement layers. The vertical stress was redistributed owing to the tensile behaviour of the geogrid, and vertical stress within the soil slope was transferred to the area near the face of the slope (0.26–0.77H from the face). As the layer spacing increased (from 0.5 to 1.0 m), the potential slip surface moved away from the slope face with increasing deformation, which reduced the overall stability of the reinforced slope. The model with a vertical slope generated the largest reinforcement strain (∼0.2%), vertical settlement, and surface bulging compared with the model with a mild slope.
Punching of edge column–slab connections – comparison of tests and codes
Authors: Ricker Marcus , Häusler Frank , Hegger Josef
Published: August 2019

To investigate the punching behaviour of edge column–slab connections, 15 tests on full-scale reinforced concrete specimens with and without shear reinforcement are presented. Four slabs were post-tensioned to examine the benefit of curved tendons in the vicinity of edge columns. Besides the discussion of the test results, current code provisions are compared to the ultimate capacities of the present tests as well as tests from the literature. The code provisions are evaluated for reinforced concrete and post-tensioned slabs without shear reinforcement.
Variabilidade espacial da planta daninha azevém em cultivo de trigo utilizando diferentes malhas amostrais
Authors: Pott Luan Pierre , Amado Telmo Jorge Carneiro , Kruse Nelson Diehl , Amaral Lúcio De Paula , Reimche Geovane Boschmann , Teixeira Tiago De Gregori , Preuss Darlan
Published: August 2019

Ao longo dos últimos anos a principal planta daninha da cultura do trigo tem sido o azevém, a qual infesta lavouras e compete com a cultura por recursos naturais. O levantamento das plantas daninhas, de forma geral, é realizado de forma indiscriminada, não levando em consideração sua variabilidade espacial. Uma forma para realizar o levantamento das plantas daninhas de forma precisa é utilizando malhas amostrais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a variabilidade espacial da distribuição da planta daninha azevém com diferentes tamanhos de malhas amostrais. Foram geradas cinco malhas amostrais com dimensões de 6,125 x 6,125 m, 12,5 x 12,5 m, 25 x 25 m, 50 x 50 m, e 100 x 100 m. A avaliação de levantamento da população da planta daninha azevém foi realizada com o auxílio de quadrados amostrais metálicos, quando a cultura do trigo se apresentava no início do afilhamento. Malhas amostrais de 6,125 x 6,125 m, 12,5 x 12,5 m, 25 x 25 m e 50 x 50 m, com exceção da malha 100 x 100 m, apresentaram elevado coeficiente de variação, o que caracteriza a heterogeneidade de sua presença e grau de infestação na área. Pode-se concluir que a medida que reduz o tamanho da malha amostral aumenta a precisão na caracterização da variabilidade espacial de densidade da planta daninha, possibilitando a confecção de mapas temáticos da infestação de azevém com precisão.
Avaliação da ESL-PBT na determinação de carbaril em amostras de abacaxi pérola (ananás comosus) comercializadas no município de Itumbiara
Authors: Goulart Simone Machado , Nunes Roberta Correia Neto , Dos Santos Allyson Leandro Rodrigues , Rodrigues Rogério Pacheco , Cardoso Alessandra Timóteo , Goulart Adilson Correia , Santos João Paulo Victorino
Published: August 2019

O uso de agrotóxicos no Brasil tem impulsionado várias pesquisas em análises de alimentos, visto que, o país está em posição de destaque no ranking dos maiores consumidores destes compostos. A Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA), por meio do Programa de Análises de Resíduos de Agrotóxicos em Alimentos (PARA) realiza o monitoramento da contaminação dos alimentos; observando, desta forma, se os produtores estão fazendo uso correto destes compostos. Diante disto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi otimizar o método de ESL-PBT para determinação de carbaril em amostras de abacaxi Pérola. O abacaxi foi escolhido devido à grande comercialização na região de Itumbiara-GO e por ter sido uma das frutas que apresentou resíduos de agrotóxicos acima do permitido no relatório PARA, nos anos de 2013 a 2015, divulgado em 2016. Para otimização do método ESL-PBT foi empregado um planejamento fatorial completo 2³, para avaliação do comportamento simultâneo de três fatores (relação do volume de água e solvente extrator, adição de NaCl e solução extratora) em triplicata. Para separação, identificação e quantificação de carbaril foi utilizada a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com detector ultravioleta/visível. O método ESL-PBT aplicado na determinação de carbaril em amostras de abacaxi mostrou-se simples e eficaz, empregando pequenas quantidades de solventes e amostras, com boa porcentagem média de recuperação. A porcentagem de recuperação do carbaril em abacaxi foi de 103,10% e os experimentos com amostras reais de abacaxi, comercializados no município de Itumbiara-GO, não apresentaram a presença de carbaril ou esses estavam abaixo do limite de detecção do método.
Influence of thermal state of the end area of multiple continuous-cast billet on cracking of the ends of hot-rolled breakdown at rolling
Authors: Smirnov E. N. , Sklyar V. A. , Smirnov A. N. , Belevitin V. A. , Pivovarov R. E.
Published: August 2019

The authors have made an analysis of problems arising in the rolling of continuous-cast billets in the modern mini-metallurgical and rerolling plants. It is shown that the use of trio stands in rolling mills of these plants makes it necessary to obtain billets of multiple lengths from bars (most often of 12-meter length) produced in the rolling shop. The subsequent rolling of such multiple billets has revealed increased cracking of the front edge and, as a result, increased metal consumption. Analysis of the causes of these cracks has been made. It was indicated that this defect can appear as a result of a certain stress-strain state formed at the end of hot-rolled breakdown. It is caused by the presence of an uneven temperature field due to more intensive end cooling, to reduction mode in the trio stand and to the presence of axial defects in the continuous-cast billet. The study was conducted on the industrial medium-grade mill 500/370, as well as using mathematical modeling by finite element method. The influence of a set of technological factors, such as temperature of the billets heating before rolling, the time interval of their transportation on the site “heating furnace – first stand of the rolling mill” and parameters of the macrostructure of axial area of the metal were investigated. Calculations by the developed mathematical model have indicated the need to take into account the presence of a scale layer on the heated continuous-cast billet. It is shown that depending on the heating temperature and transport time, the temperature difference at the billet’s end compared to the heating temperature can be from 45 to 100  °C. It will lead to an uneven distribution of deformation resistance and unfavorable stress-strain state at the billet’s end. In addition, the presence of an axial defect can affect the cracking because of its shape and its transformation during reduction. Obtained experimental data allowed hypothesizing the mechanism of transformation of discontinuity defects into cracks at the billet’s end due to the conditions of continuous casting and cutting of billets during rolling in the reduction stand.
Evolution of mineral composition of fluxed sinter from iron ore concentrate of the Kovdor deposit
Authors: Malysheva T. Ya. , Pisarev S. A. , Kalinin A. S. , Makavetskas A. R. , Fishchenko Yu. Yu.
Published: August 2019

Metallurgical conversion methods are still missing iron ore with heterogeneous structure magnetite of the Kovdor deposit. Sintering mechanism of Kovdor concentrate was investigated in the wide CaO/SiO2 basicity range of 1.2  –  3.0 for sintering process conditions. Main influence of magnetite crystal structure on the way of charge phase changing in sintering process is shown for the first time. As a result of sintering with the low basicity of 1.2  –  2.0 two phases sinter system was formed, containing magnetite and silicate bond of melilitic composition. The analysis has shown that melilitic bond is the straight analog of the basic and acid blast furnace slag. The difficult mineral composition, containing four phases, is formed with the high basicity of 2.0  –  3.0. Magnetite and bond of crystals of calciumalumosilicoferrite are the main minerals, which occupy almost the whole volume of the sinter. By composition and number of phases, magnetite-ferritic composition is two-phase sinter system. Development of appropriate sintering process regimes is required for each of the determined sinter systems.
Evaluation of match-running distances covered by soccer players during the UEFA EURO 2016
Authors: Kubayi A
Published: August 2019

Background: Despite a substantial body of literature on match-running distances covered by soccer players in domestic leagues, there appears to be limited information on the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) Euro competitions. 

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse the match-running distances covered by soccer players during the UEFA Euro 2016. 

Methods: A multiple-camera tracking system (InStat Ltd) was used to analyse 228 observations of soccer players who played 15 full matches during the tournament. The outfield players were categorised according to the following playing positions: central defenders (CDs), n=58; wide defenders (WDs), n=45; central midfielders (CMs), n=53, wide midfielders (WMs), n=38; and attackers (ATs), n=34. Data were reported as means with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was undertaken to examine the significant differences among players based on playing positions. 

Results: The results indicated that the overall total distance covered by players was 10 350 m, ranging from 8 446 m to 12 982 m. ATs covered the longest distance in high-speed running (872 m; 95% CI = 813–931), while CDs covered the shortest distance (542 m; 95% CI = 503–581). A statistically significant difference was observed in high-speed running among players (F (4 223) = 36.92, P=0.001). 

Conclusion: The findings of this study provide soccer scientists and coaches with important information to design and implement training sessions in order to elucidate the physical demands of players in view of successful team performance.
POTENTIAL OF AGROENERGY RESIDUES FOR THE GENERATION OF BIOGS IN THE STATE OF TOCANTINS
Authors: Martins Denise Domingos dos Santos , Serra Juan Carlos Valdés
Published: August 2019

Concerns over the depletion of traditional fossil energy sources and the consequent greenhouse effect generated by the use of fossil fuels have increased, creating a need to search for alternative sources of clean energy. Thus, this work had the objective of portraying the potential of residues from agroenergy in the State of Tocantins for generation of Biogas. This article was developed under the principle of the exploratory study, through data surveys from the State. The agroenergy residues researched were soybean, cassava (manioc), rice, sugarcane, maize, sorghum and beans. The energy potential of the studied  residues represents 3.56% of the energy generation capacity by biomass sources. The source of highest agroenergy potential for biogas generation was maize, with an energy capacity of 498.90 MW. The use of biomass as an energy source presents itself as an interesting alternative in the survey carried throughout this work.
IRRADIAÇÃO SOLAR GLOBAL PARA CIDADE DE MAPUTO - MOÇABIQUE: EVOLUÇÃO TEMPORAL DAS MEDIDAS E MODELAGEM ESTATÍSTICA
Authors: Fernando Domingos Mário Zeca , Calca Marcus Vinicius Contes , Raniero Matheus Rodrigues , Dal Pai Alexandre
Published: August 2019

IRRADIAÇÃO SOLAR GLOBAL PARA CIDADE DE MAPUTO - MOÇABIQUE: EVOLUÇÃO TEMPORAL DAS MEDIDAS E MODELAGEM ESTATÍSTICA

 

DOMINGOS MÁRIO ZECA FERNANDO¹; MARCUS VINÍCIUS CONTES CALÇA²; MATHEUS RODRIGUES RANIERO³ E ALEXANDRE DAL PAI4

 

¹Departamento de Ciências Naturais e Matemática, Universidade Púnguè,  Bairro Heróis Moçambicanos, C. Postal: 323, Cidade de Chimoio, Moçambique, e-mail: dmzeca@gmail.com.

2Departamento de bioprocessos e biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. Universitária, nº 3780 - Altos do Paraíso, Botucatu - SP, 18610-034, Brasil, e-mail: mcontes@outlook.com.

3Departamento de bioprocessos e biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. Universitária, nº 3780 - Altos do Paraíso, Botucatu - SP, 18610-034, Brasil, e-mail: matheus.raniero@hotmail.com.

4Departamento de bioprocessos e biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. Universitária, nº 3780 - Altos do Paraíso, Botucatu - SP, 18610-034, Brasil, e-mail: dal.pai@unesp.br.

 

RESUMO: A equação de Angstrom continua sendo a relação mais usada para se estimar a irradiação solar global média diária a partir das horas de brilho solar, em localidades onde a medição não seja contínua ou os equipamentos não estejam disponíveis. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de apresentar a evolução das medidas de irradiação solar e das horas de brilho solar e determinar os coeficientes de Angstrom para estimativa da irradiação solar global na cidade de Maputo. A média da irradiação solar global na cidade de Maputo foi de 17,96 MJ/m² e as horas de brilho solar foram de 7,8 horas. Os coeficientes “a” e “b” do modelo anual para estimativa da irradiação solar global na cidade de Maputo são 0,23 e 0,49 respetivamente.

 

Palavras-chaves: brilho solar, estimativa irradiação solar global, modelo de angstrom.

 

GLOBAL SOLAR IRRADIATION FOR MAPUTO CITY - MOZAMBIQUE: TEMPORAL EVOLUTION OF MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL MODELING

 

ABSTRACT: The Angstrom equation continues to be the most used relation to estimate the daily average global solar irradiation from sunshine, in places where measurement is not continuous or equipment is not available. The aim of this work was to present the evolution of solar radiation and sunshine measurements and to determine the Angstrom coefficients to estimate global solar irradiation in the city of Maputo. The average of the global solar irradiance in the city of Maputo was 17.96 MJ/m² and sunshine average was 7.8 hours. The coefficients "a" and "b" of the annual model for estimation of global solar irradiation in the city of Maputo were 0.23 and 0.49, respectively.

 

Keywords: sunshine, estimation of global solar irradiation, Angstrom model.
PROTOCOL FOR REVERSIBLE PULMONARY TRUNK BANDING v1
Authors: Assad Renato
Published: August 2019

Background: Ventricle retraining has been extensively studied by our laboratory. Previous studies have demonstrated that intermittent overload causes a more efficient ventricular hypertrophy. The adaptive mechanisms involved in the ventricle retraining are not completely established. This study assessed vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the ventricles of goats submitted to systolic overload. Methods: Twenty-one young goats were divided into 3 groups (7 animals each): control, 96-hour continuous systolic overload, and intermittent systolic overload (four 12-hour periods of systolic overload paired with 12-hour resting period). During the 96-hour protocol, systolic overload was adjusted to achieve a right ventricular (RV) / aortic pressure ratio of 0.7. Hemodynamic evaluations were performed daily before and after systolic overload. Echocardiograms were obtained preoperatively and at protocol end to measure cardiac masses thickness. At study end, the animals were killed for morphologic evaluation and immunohistochemical assessment of VEGF expression. Results: RV-trained groups developed hypertrophy of RV and septal masses, confirmed by increased weight and thickness, as expected. In the study groups, there was a small but significantly increased water content of the RV and septum compared with those in the control group (p<0.002). VEGF expression in the RV myocardium was greater in the intermittent group (2.89% ± 0.41%) than in the continuous (1.80% ± 0.19%) and control (1.43% ± 0.18%) groups (p<0.023). Conclusions: Intermittent systolic overload promotes greater upregulation of VEGF expression in the subpulmonary ventricle, an adaptation that provides a mechanism for increased myocardial perfusion during the rapid myocardial hypertrophy of young goats.
Mesleğe Yeni Başlayan Öğretmenler İçin Mentörlük ve Mesleğe Giriş Eğitimi
Authors: BÖRÜ Neşe
Published: August 2019

Toplumun tüm fertlerinin kaliteli öğretmenlere
ulaşması öğretmenlere gereken önemin verilmesi noktasında anlam kazanır. Mesleğe
yeni başlayan öğretmenler tecrübesizliklerinden ötürü öğrencilerin gelişimini
olumsuz yönde etkileyebilmektedir. Mentörler yoluyla gerçekleştirilen mesleğe giriş eğitimi mesleğe yeni
başlayan öğretmenlerin mesleki becerilerini arttırma konusunda etkili bir yol
olabilir. Bu araştırma 10 ilkokul müdürünün ve 10 ilkokul öğretmenin mentörlük
ve mesleğe giriş eğitimi ile ilgili görüşlerine ulaşmayı amaçlar. Dolayısıyla
bu araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan olgubilim desenine göre
yapılandırılmıştır. Yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ile toplanan veriler
betimsel analiz tekniği ile 6 tema haline dönüştürülerek sonuçlara
ulaşılmıştır. Sonuç olarak mesleki tecrübenin önemi sebebiyle meslekte yeni
öğretmenler için mesleğe giriş eğitiminin etkili ve kaliteli gerçekleşmesi
sonucuna varılmıştır. Uygulanacak eğitimin etkililiği önemli ölçüde öğretmenlerin
üniversiteye seçilip ve yetiştirilmesiyle ilintilidir. Mesleğe giriş eğitiminin
ana aktörleri olan mentörlerin etkili insan ilişkileri ve iletişim becerilerine
sahip olması, etik değerlere sahip olması, rol-model olması, usta-öğretici
olması, sahip olduğu vizyon ile onlara ufuk açması gibi özelliklere ve
yeterliliklere sahip olması beklenmektedir. Mesleğe giriş eğitiminin içeriği
sınıf yönetimi, öğrencileri tanıma, velilerle iletişim, yönetimle ilişkiler
gibi konular üzerinedir. Son olarak, mentörlerin eğitimi devam etmelidir, mesleğe
giriş eğitimi denetim ve değerlendirilmelerden geçirilerek gerekli
geribildirimler mesleğe giriş eğitimine yansıtılmalıdır.
Clinical and prognostic value of the residual activity of platelets in patients with acute coronary syndrome without st segment elevation
Authors: Stoyko O. A. , Shalaev S. V.
Published: August 2019

Aim. To study clinical prognostic value of residual platelet activity in patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST segment elevation. Material and methods. The study included 120 patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST segment elevation (NSTE ACS) with coronary artery stenting. Testing of residual reactivity of platelets in the subjects was carried out after loading doses of  aspirin and P2Y12-inhibitors.Patients were divided into two groups comparable in gender and age: with low residual reactivity of platelets (LRR), n=90 and with high residual reactivity of platelets (HRR), n=30. Between the groups a comparative assessment of clinical-laboratory and instrumental indicators, development of a combined end point (ischemic events) and bleeding during follow-up (16 ± 6 months). Results. The group with HRR was initially heavier: patients with angina pectoris of functional class III, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, was a higher risk on the GRACE (202,6±11 vs. 148,6±7, р=0,03),increased levels of Troponin T (70,0 vs. 45,5%, р=0,02), acute occlusion in the coronary arteries (66,6 vs. 42,4%, р=0,02).The combined endpoint was more often reported in patients with HRR (40 vs. 20,7%, р=0,04). Patients with ADP-aggregation of platelets in the range 0–1 Om had a greater risk of developing hemorrhagic events (17,1 vs. 2,1%, RR 8,05 CI: 1,1–59,9, р=0,01). Conclusion. In patients with NSTE ACSHRR after loading doses of aspirin and P2Y12-inhibitor was associated with the development of repeated atherothrombotic events. Very low LRR was associated with the development of bleeding.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of acute diarrheal disease and use of oral rehydration therapy among mothers of under five children
Authors: Mallick Achinta K. R. , Bangari Janki , Kumar Shalu S. , Suyal Himani
Published: August 2019

Background: Acute diarrhea in children is among the commonest causes of outpatient and inpatient attendance in medical setup. Though enough has been done in imparting knowledge about diarrhea and its management, there is a gap between knowledge and practice in the population. Aim of the study is to assess the mother’s knowledge, attitude and practice about diarrhea in children.Methods: Cross-sectional survey, conducted in the pediatric department of a peripheral hospital in Pune, Maharashtra.Results: Of the 305 mothers surveyed, their knowledge about diarrhea was good with 77.1% knowing correct definition, and most mothers knowing correctly about its mode of transmission, the positive role of good hygiene & sanitation, breast feeding and oral rehydration therapy (ORT) in prevention and management of acute diarrhea. However, their attitude and practice were found lacking, with higher rate of bottle feeding (59.3%) and lesser use of standard (46.3%) as well as home based (69.9%) ORT measures.Conclusions: There is discrepancy between the knowledge and practice. Hence, there is the need of sustained efforts in imparting both knowledge and practice among the population.