bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PtSn/GO Co-Catalyst for Quasi-Solid-State Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Somsongkul Voranuch , Jamikorn Surassawatee , Photiphitak Chanu , Sarakonsri Thapanee , Laokawee Viratchara , Jarulertwathana Nutpaphat , Mahamai Naruephon , Thanachayanont Rawinunt , Srisakuna Suchada , Boothroyd Chris , Amornsakchai Taweechai , Pakawatpanurat Pasit , Muthitamongkol Pennapa , Yordsri Visittapong , Thanachayanont Chanchana
Published: September 2018

Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) consist of photoanodes (dye adsorbed porous semiconductor film), electrolytes and counter electrodes. Nanostructured materials play important parts in both the photoanodes and the counter electrodes, while dyes are there to absorb photons and generate electron-hole pairs and electrolytes are there to transfer electrons from the photoanodes to the counter electrodes. In this study, to enhance light absorption and minimize electron-hole recombination, Ag nanoparticles and MgO nanolayer were coated on TiO2, respectively. To enable a long lifetime, i.e. avoiding liquid electrolyte leakage, quasi-solid-state (QSS) DSSCs were fabricated. PtSn nanoparticles were prepared by a simple chemical reduction method on graphene oxide (GO) to compare with conventional Pt catalyst on FTO substrates as counter electrodes. An average efficiency of the QSS DSSCs with PtSn/GO co-catalysts was found to outperform that of the QSS DSSCs with conventional Pt catalyst. A mixed microstructure of the PtSn/GO co-catalyst was observed. Although, PtSn2 and Pt2Sn3 phases were suggested by XRD, in a small region observed by EDX-STEM, it was found that C, O and Si were distributed uniformly on the graphene oxide film. Pt was also distributed uniformly, but the signal was low so there were only a few X-Ray counts across the image. There was no sign of Pt being concentrated in the particles. However, Sn was found to be concentrated in the particles without any other elements.
IL-33 Upregulates Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor Type 1 Expression in Human Peripheral Blood CD4+ T Lymphocytes
Authors: Boudaud Marie , Turcotte Sylvie , Stankova Jana , Rola-Pleszczynski Marek
Published: September 2018

IL-33 and cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) are key components of asthma pathogenesis, and both contribute to the initiation and maintenance of the type 2 inflammatory environment. However, little is known about the potential interactions between the two mediators. In this work, we aimed at studying the regulation of expression of the cysLT receptors CysLT1 and CysLT2 by IL-33 in human PBLs. Our results show that the IL-33/ST2L axis increases CysLT1 but not CysLT2 expression in a concentration- and time-dependent manner in PBLs. IL-33–induced CysLT1 upregulation was observed at the protein but not at the mRNA level and was accompanied by an increase in LTD4-induced calcium mobilization and migration of CD4+ T lymphocytes. We also show that purified naive CD4+ T lymphocytes expressed ST2L and responded to IL-33 in the absence of Ag or TCR stimulation, suggesting a mechanism independent of Ag presentation. These results contribute to expanding our knowledge in the field of IL-33 by proposing a new mode of action of the cytokine on T cells and by extending its role to the regulation of naive T cell trafficking, therefore reinforcing its interest as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of asthma.
A floristic comparison of three Northern Coastal Forests differing in disturbance history
Authors: Kambaj Olivier K. , Naidoo Sershen , Govender Yanadayalan , Ramdhani Syd
Published: September 2018

Background: The impacts of disturbance history on the floristics of Northern Coastal Forest (NCF; South Africa) are unknown.Objectives: This study compared the floristics of three remnant patches of NCF (in KwaZulu-Natal) with contrasting disturbance histories: a primary forest with low levels of disturbance (Hawaan), a primary forest with high levels of disturbance (Umdoni) and a secondary forest (Twinstreams) that was rehabilitated with presently low disturbance levels.Method: Transects and quadrats were used to assess species composition and diversity at each site.Results: Collectively, 688 species, 400 genera and 113 families were found, but only 21.95% of the species were shared by the three forests. The most speciose families were Fabaceae Asteraceae Rubiaceae. The species richness was highest at the disturbed primary forest and notably lower at the primary forest. Diversity indices exhibited a similar trend. Cluster analyses and ordinations indicated that the secondary forest was intermediate between the two primary forests, with the disturbed primary forest and secondary forest being more similar.Conclusion: The disturbed and secondary forests maintained a NCF floristic affinity. The dissimilarity between Hawaan and other forests is most likely the product of differing disturbance histories and rehabilitation efforts. The findings suggested that NCF patches are likely to be different in richness, but not in structure and affinity. Anthropogenic related pressures and disturbance appear to be major causes of floristic differences amongst patches. This leads to higher levels of richness by accommodating opportunistic, atypical and alien species, and possibly the creation of novel NCF types.
A comprehensive model for assessing student teachers’ professional competence through an integrated curriculum approach
Authors: Mpofu Nhlanhla , Maphalala Mncedisi C.
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this concept study was to propose a comprehensive model for assessing student teachers’ competences in teaching practice. The study answered the following question: How can student teachers be holistically assessed for teaching practice using a comprehensive model? Teaching practice is a crucial component of initial teacher education (ITE) preparation programmes. However, while teaching practice is one of the most widely studied areas in ITE, international studies indicate fragmented trajectories in the assessment of teaching practice. In addition, very few studies in South Africa have reflected on how assessment is done for teaching practice during ITE programmes. In most of these programmes, performance-based, observation-based, or on-demand assessments are given preference at the expense of others. Against this background, this study was designed to produce a comprehensive model for assessment of teaching practice during initial teacher preparation from the available literature. Epistemologically, the study was underpinned by social constructivism and theoretically supported by an integrated curriculum approach. The study followed a narrative literature review approach, focusing on studies that explored ways in which teaching practice is assessed in ITE. From this analysis, the study provided a holistic and comprehensive model for assessing student teachers’ professional competences during teaching practice.
Not all neck mass fine-needle aspirations with squamous cells are squamous cell carcinoma; report of a case of recurrent thyroid carcinoma with papillary and squamous components
Authors: Dennis Katie , O'Neil Maura , Harrington Anthony
Published: September 2018

We report a case of a 65-year-old female who had a total thyroidectomy 12 years ago for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) who presented with a recurrent thyroid bed mass. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy yielded malignant cells, consistent with squamous cell carcinoma (SCCa). Surgical resection was performed, and histologic evaluation of the mass showed mixed PTC and SCCa. The tumor cells were positive for BRAF V600E mutation. Thyroid carcinomas with admixed papillary carcinoma and SCCa are rare and are associated with aggressive behavior, high rates of metastasis, and poor outcomes. Although SCCa presenting as a neck mass is relatively common, clinical history and appropriate workup are essential for accurate diagnosis and determination of origin.
The Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology guidelines for respiratory cytology: Reproducibility of categories among observers
Authors: Layfield Lester J. , Esebua Magda , Dodd Leslie , Giorgadze Tamar , Schmidt Robert L.
Published: September 2018

Introduction:

The Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology (PSC) has developed a set of guidelines for reporting respiratory cytology. While the malignancy risk for each category is known, the interobserver reproducibility of these diagnostic categories has not been well described.

Methods:

Fifty-five cytologic specimens obtained by fine needle aspiration from the pulmonary nodules were independently reviewed by four board-certified cytopathologists and assigned to the diagnostic categories described by the PSC guidelines for respiratory specimens. Statistical analysis for diagnostic accuracy was performed for absolute agreement and chance-corrected agreement (kappa). Differences in frequency of distribution of diagnoses between raters were assessed using the Kruskal–Wallis test.

Results:

No significant differences in distribution of scores by raters were observed. On average, the absolute agreement was 49.5% and the chance-corrected agreement (kappa) was 20%. 34.5% of interrater comparisons were in full agreement, and total lack of agreement between the four categories was found in 3% of cases. Combining the “suspicious for malignancy” category with the “malignant” category did not significantly alter interrater agreement statistics.

Conclusions:

The PSC categories showed only fair reproducibility among four cytopathologists. Agreement between raters was at best fair and did not improve significantly when the categories “suspicious for malignancy” and “malignant” were combined. The most common source of disagreement appeared to be between the categories “suspicious” and “malignant.”
Sports Bettors: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mercier Jonathan , Sévigny Serge , Jacques Christian , Goulet Annie , Cantinotti Michael , Giroux Isabelle
Published: September 2018

Sports betting is associated with problematic gambling behaviours. However, little is known about the profile of sports bettors. Also, it is still unclear if there are useful abilities in sports betting. This systematic review aims to describe gambling habits and cognitions of sports bettors, and determine the roles of chance and skill in sports betting. Addressing the chance and skill distinction in sports betting would be helpful to identify which of sports bettors' cognitions are erroneous. Out of 991 studies identified in the databanks, 31 met the inclusion criteria of this review. Results indicate that these studies are mostly conducted with male samples aged from 30 to 50 years. These gamblers bet many times per week, with weekly averages ranging from 100 to 200$ CAD. Five studies examined the roles of chance and skill in sports betting, among which three showed that sports bettors perform better than chance in predicting results accurately, but they do not win more money than they would with a random selection, due to the structure of the game. The 11 studies that focused on cognitions indicate that sports bettors overestimate the influence of skill on the outcome of the game. These results support the need to further study the role of cognitions in the behaviours of sports bettors. It also offers insights concerning the distinction between chance and skill in sports betting.RésuméLes paris sportifs sont associés à des comportements de jeu problématiques. Cependant, on sait peu de choses sur le profil des parieurs sportifs. De plus, il est difficile de statuer si certaines habiletés seraient utiles dans les paris sportifs. Cette revue systématique vise à décrire les habitudes de jeu, les cognitions des parieurs sportifs, et à déterminer le rôle du hasard et des habiletés dans ces paris. Examiner la distinction entre le hasard et les habiletés aux paris sportifs serait utile afin de déterminer quelles cognitions entretenues par les parieurs sportifs sont erronées . Sur 991 études repérées dans les banques de données, 31 répondaient aux critères d’inclusion de cette revue. Les résultats indiquent que ces études sont principalement menées auprès d’échantillons masculins âgés de 30 à 50 ans. Ces joueurs parient plusieurs fois par semaine et misent  en moyenne de 100 $ à 200 $ CA par semaine. Cinq études ont examiné les rôles du hasard et des habiletés dans les paris sportifs, parmi lesquels trois ont montré que les parieurs sportifs prédisent mieux les résultats sportifs que le hasard, mais ils ne gagnent pas plus d’argent qu’avec une sélection aléatoire, en raison de la structure du jeu. Les onze études portant sur les cognitions indiquent que les parieurs sportifs surestiment l’influence des habiletés sur l’issue du jeu. Ces résultats confirment la nécessité d’approfondir le rôle des cognitions dans les comportements des parieurs sportifs. Ils donnent également des pistes sur la distinction entre le hasard et les habiletés dans les paris sportifs.
Avaliação da qualidade de vida de médicos clínicos e cirurgiões
Authors: Sanchez Hugo Machado , Sbroggio Junior Andre Luiz , De Morais Eliane Gouveia , Agostinho Patricia Leão da Silva , Poloniato Thays Barbieri , Soares Paulo Grossi
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) dos profissionais da área médica de acordo com a especialidade escolhida (clínica ou cirúrgica). Métodos: Estudo transversal analítico, realizado em 2016, com médicos de clínicas e hospitais de Rio Verde, Goiás, Brasil. Utilizaram-se dois questionários: um sobre aspectos sociodemográficos e outro para avaliação da QV, o World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref (WHOQOL-abreviado). Entregaram-se 287 questionários, sendo 144 respondidos. Dados comparativos dos domínios receberam análise ANOVA, MANOVA, MANCOVA, correlação de Pearson e regressão linear, considerando-se p˂0,05. Resultados: Encontrou-se média de idade de 37,7±10,09 anos e a maioria do sexo masculino (63,1%; n=91). O domínio físico foi, significantemente, melhor avaliado nos valores médios de QV pelo sexo masculino (p=0,002), assim como o domínio meio ambiente (p=0,031). Quando se comparou valores médios da QV e seus domínios de acordo com a atuação clínica e/ou cirúrgica dos médicos, não houve diferença significativa. Ao se comparar médicos plantonistas e não plantonistas, verificou-se que os domínios relação social (p=0,049), meio ambiente (p=0,001) e QV (p=0,024), independentes da carga horária, apresentaram piora no caso dos médicos plantonistas. Quanto maior o tempo de formado, maior a percepção do domínio meio ambiente (p=0,02). Sem diferença significativa quanto à faixa salarial. Conclusão: Não houve diferença na qualidade de vida global entre os médicos clínicos e cirurgiões avaliados, porém, quando comparado entre o sexo, o masculino obteve desempenho mais satisfatório nos domínios físico e meio ambiente. Evidenciou-se que a faixa salarial não influencia na qualidade de vida desses profissionais.
Insights into HOx and ROx chemistry in the boreal forest via measurement of peroxyacetic acid, peroxyacetic nitric anhydride (PAN) and hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Crowley John N. , Pouvesle Nicolas , Phillips Gavin J. , Axinte Raoul , Fischer Horst , Petäjä Tuukka , Nölscher Anke , Williams Jonathan , Hens Korbinian , Harder Hartwig , Martinez-Harder Monica , Novelli Anna , Kubistin Dagmar , Bohn Birger , Lelieveld Jos
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Unlike many oxidised atmospheric trace gases, which have numerous production
pathways, peroxyacetic acid (PAA) and PAN are formed almost exclusively in
gas-phase reactions involving the hydroperoxy radical (HO2), the
acetyl peroxy radical (CH3C(O)O2) and NO2 and are not
believed to be directly emitted in significant amounts by vegetation. As the
self-reaction of HO2 is the main photochemical route to hydrogen
peroxide (H2O2), simultaneous observation of PAA, PAN and
H2O2 can provide insight into the HO2 budget. We present
an analysis of observations taken during a summertime campaign in a boreal
forest that, in addition to natural conditions, was temporarily impacted by
two biomass-burning plumes. The observations were analysed using an
expression based on a steady-state assumption using relative PAA-to-PAN
mixing ratios to derive HO2 concentrations. The steady-state approach
generated HO2 concentrations that were generally in reasonable
agreement with measurements but sometimes overestimated those observed by
factors of 2 or more. We also used a chemically simple, constrained box model
to analyse the formation and reaction of radicals that define the observed
mixing ratios of PAA and H2O2. After nudging the simulation
towards observations by adding extra, photochemical sources of HO2
and CH3C(O)O2, the box model replicated the observations of
PAA, H2O2, ROOH and OH throughout the campaign, including the
biomass-burning-influenced episodes during which significantly higher levels
of many oxidized trace gases were observed. A dominant fraction of
CH3O2 radical generation was found to arise via reactions of
the CH3C(O)O2 radical. The model indicates that organic
peroxy radicals were present at night in high concentrations that sometimes
exceeded those predicted for daytime, and initially divergent measured and
modelled HO2 concentrations and daily concentration profiles are
reconciled when organic peroxy radicals are detected (as HO2) at an
efficiency of 35 %. Organic peroxy radicals are found to play an
important role in the recycling of OH radicals subsequent to their loss via
reactions with volatile organic compounds.
The silicon stable isotope distribution along the GEOVIDE section (GEOTRACES GA-01) of the North Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Sutton Jill N. , de Souza Gregory F. , García-Ibáñez Maribel I. , De La Rocha Christina L.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The stable isotope composition of dissolved silicon in seawater
(δ30SiDSi) was examined at 10 stations along the GEOVIDE
section (GEOTRACES GA-01), spanning the North Atlantic Ocean
(40–60∘ N) and Labrador Sea. Variations in
δ30SiDSi below 500 m were closely tied to the distribution
of water masses. Higher δ30SiDSi values are associated with
intermediate and deep water masses of northern Atlantic or Arctic Ocean
origin, whilst lower δ30SiDSi values are associated with
DSi-rich waters sourced ultimately from the Southern Ocean. Correspondingly,
the lowest δ30SiDSi values were observed in the deep and
abyssal eastern North Atlantic, where dense southern-sourced waters dominate.
The extent to which the spreading of water masses influences the
δ30SiDSi distribution is marked clearly by Labrador Sea
Water (LSW), whose high δ30SiDSi signature is visible not
only within its region of formation within the Labrador and Irminger seas,
but also throughout the mid-depth western and eastern North Atlantic Ocean.
Both δ30SiDSi and hydrographic parameters document the
circulation of LSW into the eastern North Atlantic, where it overlies
southern-sourced Lower Deep Water. The GEOVIDE δ30SiDSi
distribution thus provides a clear view of the direct interaction between
subpolar/polar water masses of northern and southern origin, and allow
examination of the extent to which these far-field signals influence the
local δ30SiDSi distribution.
Tree-based mesh-refinement GPU-accelerated tsunami simulator for real-time operation
Authors: Arce Acuña Marlon , Aoki Takayuki
Published: September 2018

Abstract. This paper presents a fast and accurate tsunami real-time
operational model to compute across ocean-wide simulations completely
on GPU (graphics processing unit). The spherical shallow water equations are solved using the method of
characteristics and upwind cubic interpolation to provide high accuracy and
stability. A customized, user interactive, tree-based mesh-refinement method
is implemented based on distance from the coast and focal areas to generate
a memory-efficient domain with resolutions of up to 50 m. Three
specialized and optimized GPU kernels (Wet, Wall and Inundation) are
developed to
compute the domain block mesh. Multi-GPU is used to further speed up the
computation, and a weighted Hilbert space-filling curve is used to produce a
balanced workload. Hindcasting of the 2004 Indonesian tsunami is presented
to validate and compare the agreement of the arrival times and main peaks at
several gauges. Inundation maps are also produced for Kamala and Hambantota
to validate the accuracy of our model. Test runs on three Tesla P100 cards
on Tsubame 3.0 could fully simulate 10 h in just under 10 min wall-clock time.
A first wildfire risk assessment for Belgium
Authors: Depicker Arthur , De Baets Bernard , Baetens Jan M.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. This paper presents a wildfire ignition probability map for Belgium that may serve as a proxy for wildfire risk. Wildfires have proven to cause considerable damage to valuable Natura 2000 areas in Belgium in the past, and the prevalence of such events is anticipated to increase in the future. Therefore, a risk map can be used to optimize the allocation of wildfire prevention and fighting resources. Even more, such a map is required by EU legislation in order to receive financial support for wildfire-related forest and nature management. Firstly, clear definitions of wildfire risk and wildfire hazard are given to avoid misconceptions of the used wildfire terminology. The former is assessed as the wildfire ignition probability, while the latter is regarded as the fire potential and is assumed to be solely determined by the characteristics of the vegetation. Secondly, an actual wildfire hazard map is designed using an existing expert system. Thirdly, a wildfire ignition probability map is constructed by relying on Bayes' rule and using spatial wildfire ignition data, on the one hand, and spatial data on land use, soil type, and land cover, on the other hand. It appears that the most wildfire prone areas in Belgium are located in heathland where military exercises are held. The provinces that have the largest relative areas with a high or very high wildfire risk are Limburg (24.67 %), Antwerp (20.64 %), and Luxembourg (4.54 %). Our study also reveals that most wildfire ignitions in Belgium are due to humans (arson, cigarettes, ...), and that natural causes such as lightning are rather scarce.
Contrasting large fire regimes in the French Mediterranean
Authors: Ganteaume Anne , Barbero Renaud
Published: September 2018

Abstract. In the French Mediterranean, large fires have significant socio-economic and environmental impacts. We used a long-term geo-referenced fire time series (1958–2017) to analyze spatio-temporal variations of large fires (LF; ≥ 100 ha) throughout a fire-prone area of this region. This area was impacted in some locations up to 5 or 6 times by recurrent LF and 21 % of the total area burned by LF occurred on a surface that previously burned in the past. We found distinct patterns between the East and the West of the study area, the former experiencing fewer LF but of a larger extent compared to the latter, with an average time of occurrence between LF exceeding 4000 ha  50 years, respectively. This longitudinal gradient in LF extent contrasts with what was expected from mean fire weather conditions strongly decreasing eastwards but is consistent with larger fuel cover in the East. The temporal variation of LF, featuring a sharp decrease in both frequency and burned area in the early 1990s, highlighted the efficiency of fire suppression and prevention, reinforced at that time. However, the LF outbreak in 2003 due to the exceptional heat wave remains of major concern in the context of climate change.
Modelling the late Holocene and future evolution of Monacobreen, northern Spitsbergen
Authors: Oerlemans Johannes
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Monacobreen is a 40 km long surge-type tidewater glacier in northern
Spitsbergen. During 1991–1997 Monacobreen surged and advanced by about
2 km, but the front did not reach the maximum Little Ice Age (LIA) stand.
Since 1997 the glacier front is retreating at a fast rate (∼125 m a−1). The questions addressed in this study are as follows:
(1) Can the late Holocene behaviour of Monacobreen be understood in terms of
climatic forcing?, and (2) What will be the likely evolution of this glacier
for different scenarios of future climate change? Monacobreen is modelled with a minimal glacier model, including a
parameterization of the calving process as well as the effect of surges. The
model is driven by an equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) history derived from
lake sediments of a nearby glacier catchment in combination with
meteorological data from 1899 onwards. The simulated glacier length is in
good agreement with the observations: the maximum LIA stand, the front
position at the end of the surge, and the 2.5 km retreat after the surge
(1997–2016) are well reproduced (the mean difference between observed and
simulated glacier length being 6 % when scaled with the total retreat
during 1900–2016). The effect of surging is limited. Directly after a surge
the initiated mass balance perturbation due to a lower mean surface elevation
is about -0.13mw.e.a-1, which only
has a small effect on the long-term evolution of the glacier. The simulation
suggests that the major growth of Monacobreen after the Holocene climatic
optimum started around 1500 BCE. Monacobreen became a tidewater glacier
around 500 BCE and reached a size comparable to the present state around
500 CE. For the mid-B2 scenario (IPCC, 2013), which corresponds to a ∼2ma-1 rise of the ELA, the model
predicts a volume loss of 20 % to 30 % by the year 2100 (relative to
the 2017 volume). For a ∼4ma-1 rise
in the ELA this is 30 % to 40 %. However, much of the response to
21st century warming will still come after 2100.
Potential faster Arctic sea ice retreat triggered by snowflakes' greenhouse effect
Authors: Li Jui-Lin Frank , Richardson Mark , Lee Wei-Liang , Hong Yulan , Jiang Jonathan , Fetzer Eric , Stephens Graeme , Wang Yi-Hui , Yu Jia-yuh , Liu Yinghui
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Recent Arctic sea ice retreat has been quicker than in most general circulation model (GCM) simulations. Natural factors may have amplified this, but reliable attribution and projection requires accurate representation of relevant physics. Most current GCMs don’t fully represent falling ice radiative effects (FIRE), and here we show that the small set of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, phase 5 (CMIP5) models that include FIRE tend to show faster observed retreat. We investigate this using controlled simulations with the CESM1-CAM5 model. Under 1pctCO2 simulations, including FIRE results in the first occurrence of an “ice free” Arctic (extent
Espaços e tempos de leitores e de leituras: a escola do campo em contexto
Authors: Beatriz Piatti Celia
Published: September 2018

Ao trazer para o debate a formação de professores para a escola do campo, evidenciam-se diferentes temáticas, uma delas, a leitura. Para esse espaço, considera-se que, para além de apresentar métodos e técnicas de ensino, é preciso formar profissionais que reconheçam o seu papel político e social frente as demandas do campo. Nesse sentido, a leitura ocupa espaço importante na possibilidade de reconhecer-se como agente de transformação nesse território de busca incessante por direito à educação, as melhores condições de vida, de saúde e de trabalho. Para tanto, nesse estudo, apresenta-se como objetivo conhecer o espaço da leitura na escola, categoria que surgiu após a coleta de narrativas de vinte participantes, estudantes de uma licenciatura em Educação do Campo. Conclui-se que a leitura acontece em diferentes lugares, mas às vezes, a escola é o espaço que dá início a esse processo, e o professor é o primeiro a conduzi-lo, mas nem sempre, a escola cumpre o papel de formar leitores.
Formação do leitor literário: com a palavra, as crianças!
Authors: Nörnberg Marta , Nilcéia Gonçalves Sílvia
Published: September 2018

Este artigo aborda sobre o letramento literário. Resulta de pesquisa desenvolvida com um grupo de crianças do ciclo de alfabetização, ao longo de três anos, que teve como foco o trabalho com a literatura infantil. Mais do que falar das crianças, fala com elas. Apresenta o uso do grupo focal como estratégia de coleta de dados, que cria condições para a participação das crianças na pesquisa. Entre as contribuições aponta como relevantes para a formação do leitor literário a formulação de estratégias de ensino e a escuta das crianças sobre suas experiências com a leitura.
Coleções etnográficas, povos indígenas e práticas de representação: as mudanças nos processos museais com as experiências colaborativas
Authors: Russi Tavares de Mello Adriana
Published: September 2018

A partir das recentes políticas culturais voltadas aos ameríndiose ao patrimônio cultural, e das contribuições da museologiacrítica, percebemos os embates nas relações entre museus,universidades e ameríndios. No contexto dos povos indígenas,como indicam Lucia Van Velthem e Regina Abreu, conheceras peças fabricadas por seus ancestrais é um dos meios paracompreender seu passado e refletir sobre seu presente efuturo. Conforme tais autoras, nos últimos anos, os ameríndiostomaram consciência dos museus e de suas coleções. Naatualidade, certos processos museais colaborativos incorporama participação de indígenas. Os impactos dessas experiênciasno ambiente dos museus de antropologia e das universidadesrevelam uma complexa rede de relações e apontam para osdesafios desse tipo de mediação cultural. Com isso, novasquestões se colocam aos pesquisadores e se intensifica odebate contemporâneo sobre a relação entre os diferentesatores, circuitos e políticas de representação.
Concepção de suporte organizacional e intenção de rotatividade com base na literatura
Authors: Eustáquio Moreira Geraldo , Aparecida Mesquita Oliveira Míriam , Vaz Lopes André , Júlia Pantoja Maria
Published: September 2018

Este trabalho teve como objetivo apresentar uma revisão deliteratura acerca da percepção de suporte organizacional eintenção de rotatividade. Para tanto, o foco recaiu em marcosreferenciais e artigos da literatura nacional e internacionalsobre os referidos temas. Apesar das pesquisas selecionadas nãocorrelacionarem a percepção de suporte organizacional com aintenção de rotatividade dos trabalhadores, elas evidenciaramque a baixa percepção de suporte pode levar a consequênciascomo o absenteísmo e a intenção de rotatividade. Ademais,também demonstraram que a intenção de deixar a organizaçãopode estar relacionada a diversos fatores, entre eles, o baixonível de percepção de suporte organizacional, a satisfação notrabalho e ao bem-estar do trabalhador.
Intervención educativa de enfermería para el autocuidado de los pies en personas que viven con diabetes tipo 2
Authors: Elías-Viramontes Alma de Coral , González-Juárez Liliana
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: probar una intervención educativa con fundamento en la teoría de autocuidado, con aplicación pedagógica de la educación dialógica para el autocuidado de los pies. Materiales y métodos: estudio cuantitativo de diseño cuasiexperimental de preprueba y posprueba. El grupo experimental estuvo conformado por 40 personas y el grupo de comparación por 32. La variable de autocuidado de los pies se midió a través de dos instrumentos, “Autocuidados para prevenir el pie diabético” y “Autocuidados del pie diabético”, este último elaborado por investigadores de la Universidad de Málaga. Resultados: en la preprueba, el 35 % de las personas del grupo experimental presentó un nivel bajo de autocuidado, el 28 % medio y el 37 % alto. Después de la intervención se observó un incremento estadísticamente significativo (p = 0,000) en el autocuidado; en cambio, el grupo de comparación mantuvo casi los mismos porcentajes, sin encontrarse diferencias significativas. Conclusiones: los resultados sugieren que una intervención educativa con fundamento teórico influye en la mejora del autocuidado de los pies de las personas que viven con diabetes, donde enfermería cumple un papel fundamental para su desarrollo.
Preditores da advocacia em saúde identificados por enfermeiros no contexto hospitalar
Authors: Ramos Aline Marcelino , Devos Barlem Edison Luiz , Tomaschewisk Barlem Jamila Geri , Pereira Rocha Laurelize , Lopes Amarijo Cristiane , de Mattos Larisa Merino
Published: September 2018

Objetivos: identificar los predictores del ejercicio de la abogacía en salud por enfermeros en el contexto hospitalario. Materiales y método: estudio cuantitativo, transversal analítico, realizado con 157 enfermeros de dos instituciones hospitalarias del sur de Brasil, una pública y una filantrópica. Se realizó la recolección de datos entre los meses de septiembre y octubre del 2015. Se utilizó el instrumento Protective Nursing Advocacy Scale — versión brasileña, constituido por 20 ítems, dispuestos en cinco constructos. Para el análisis de los datos, se utilizaron elementos de la estadística descriptiva, la correlación de Pearson y el análisis de regresión lineal. Resultados: los resultados evidenciaron moderada asociación entre facilitadores al ejercicio de la abogacía y percepciones que favorecen su ejercicio. La dimensión “facilitadores al ejercicio de la abogacía” obtuvo el mayor promedio del instrumento y fue el principal predictor jurídico en salud en el contexto hospitalario, capaz de provocar en los enfermeros la sensibilidad y el deseo en abogar. Conclusiones: el sentimiento de responsabilidad por parte de los enfermeros en mantener el buen funcionamiento del equipo y manejar cuestiones conflictivas en ofrecer seguridad a los pacientes, aun ante resistencias oriundas del local de trabajo.
Quality of Human Resources Apparatus in Karimun Regency Riau Archipelagic Province
Authors: - Kamarulazi , Effendy Khasan , Djaenuri Aries , Lukman Sampara
Published: September 2018

This paper examines the quality of the apparatus resources of Karimun District Government of Riau Islands Province. The problems that arise in Karimun Regency of Riau Islands Province are the quality in the application of Karimun Regency Government apparatus which still face the problems related to the implementation of regional autonomy. Thus, the quality and ability of human resources become things that need to be improved again. In addition, the working environment in Karimun regency of Riau Islands Province that demand competent ability to compete, but Karimun Regency Government apparatus resources still not optimal. The results showed that the Government of Karimun Regency of Riau Islands Province has had the quality of apparatus resources at Karimun Regency Government of Riau Islands Province supported by the implementation of duty by the employees. Specialization of employees in a particular field has become an amplifier of the quality of apparatus resources at the Government of Karimun District of Riau Islands Province. The loyalty of employees has been proven as a quality apparatus resources at the Government of Karimun District of Riau Islands Province.
“Well Selected and Well Bound”: The Antebellum American Home Library
Authors: Purificato David
Published: September 2018

An examination of Antebellum American home libraries, as portrayed in contemporary popular literature, reveals an underexplored characteristic of the book's life cycle. The text on the spine of books, which was the only visible part presented in middle-class home libraries, created feedback between viewer and object. This relatively new dynamic of displayed spine text communicated notions of class inclusion or exclusion to the viewer. The middle classes created social capital by exhibiting these texts to help distinguish themselves from the lower classes. Mid-nineteenth-century approaches to spine text display also suggest social and cultural cleavages within the developing middle classes' social strata. This tension is evident in The Potiphar Papers, an 1853 satire of New York society by George William Curtis, serialized in Putnam's Monthly Magazine. The Potiphar Papers illustrates the changing antebellum relationship to book display. These developments suggest an expanded communication circuit and life cycle relative to the home library. This article attempts to illustrate that moment.
Libraries in the Jewish Settlements in Argentina
Authors: Münster Irene
Published: September 2018

In the late nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth century, Jewish immigrants took, when possible, from the Russian empire to their new destinations their dearest possessions. One of these was their books. Religious and prayer books represented the knowledge sages and rabbis had passed from generation to generation to their people. Belle lettres and political books in different languages were an important part of their education, upbringing, and ideology. These collections were the start of the libraries at the Jewish settlements in Argentina. Based on published memoirs of these first settlers this article presents how these libraries were created and notes a pattern of similarities on how they became a space to share books, to socialize, to enjoy cultural events, including readings and discussions of Yiddish and European masterpieces as well as musical and theatrical evenings, and to promote political beliefs.
La práctica de las habilidades lingüísticas del idioma inglés en relación con el rendimiento de la prueba diagnóstica Toefl
Authors: Alvarado Mauricio Leonel
Published: September 2018

Este artículo es el resultado de una investigación realizada con el objetivo de identificar las prácticas de los estudiantes inscritos en la asignatura Estrategias de Evaluación de la carrera de Idioma Inglés, de la Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador, y también identificar el puntaje obtenido en una prueba diagnóstica de la Prueba de Inglés como Lengua Extranjera (TOEFL, siglas en inglés) test, y de esta manera describir la práctica diaria de las habilidades en el idioma inglés, como la lectura comprensiva, escritura y comprensión auditiva en diferentes actividades y lugares; y su vinculación con el desempeño en la prueba.Entorno, junio 2018, número 65: 25-29
Informática, educación y personas con capacidades especiales : herramienta lúdica para personas con autismo
Authors: Díaz Campos Bladimir
Published: September 2018

El uso de las tecnologías en diversos entornos de la vida diaria cada día se vuelve más imprescindible. Dichas herramientas nos ayudan a realizar mejor las actividades. Una de estas, que requiere de una inversión considerable de tiempo, es la de educar.La educación es una tarea difícil, ya que cada persona aprende de manera distinta. Ahora, cuando la persona a la que se le va a enseñar posee una capacidad especial de atención sobre lo que realiza, como el autismo o cualquier otro que requiera especial atención, es mayor la complicación.El presente artículo tiene como finalidad mostrar el diseño de un prototipo de una herramienta lúdica que permita, tanto a estudiantes como a alumnos (en este caso con autismo), mejorar el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje.Entorno, junio 2018, número 65: 77-81
El Estado y las garantías constitucionales : formación de cárcavas en las colonias de San Salvador
Authors: Morán Carolina Lucero
Published: September 2018

La investigación tuvo por objetivo determinar el cumplimiento de las garantías constitucionales que se presentan en el fenómeno de la formación de cárcavas. El estudio fue realizado en las colonias más vulnerables de San Salvador y Soyapango, las que incluyeron Málaga, Las Cañas, Las Victorias y Altos del Boulevard, dentro de las cuales se entrevistó a 100 participantes, hombres y mujeres, de edades de 18 a 50 años, residentes de dichas colonias, dueños de vivienda y arrendatarios. El estudio fue de tipo exploratorio descriptivo (Montero y León, 2007), con una muestra estratificada, que se eligió con la fórmula para poblaciones finitas, para un nivel de confianza del 90 % y un margen de error del 6 %. Entre los hallazgos principales se destaca que la causa más significativa de la formación de cárcavas es el fenómeno de la erosión. A su vez, se determinaron las responsabilidades del Estado en torno a este problema, entre las que se incluye la prevención para evitar el deterioro de las vías urbanas y el territorio.Entorno, junio 2018, número 65: 82-94
Pérdida y rescate de los derechos económicos, políticos y culturales de los pueblos originarios en El Salvador, en relación con la declaración de Naciones Unidas sobre los derechos de los pueblos indígenas
Authors: Rodolfo Rojas Marcelino , Ramos Hernández Salvador Alexander , Mejía Martínez Katherine Guadalupe , Cañada Hernández José Antonio Antonio
Published: September 2018

El presente artículo es el resultado final de un proyecto de investigación respecto de la pérdida y rescate de los derechos económicos, políticos y culturales de los pueblos originarios en El Salvador, así como la aplicación de sus derechos humanos en la actualidad, según la Declaración de Naciones Unidas sobre los derechos de los pueblos indígenas, contrastando con la condición de vida de los indígenas salvadoreños. En síntesis, la tesis principal es que la intervención del Estado salvadoreño es fundamental para el reconocimiento de los derechos de los pueblos originarios relativos a la calidad de vida económica, política y cultural.Con base en los resultados, la actual situación económica, política y cultural que viven los diferentes pueblos originarios en El Salvador es difícil, esto a pesar de recibir una pequeña ayuda económica por parte del Gobierno. Sin embargo, esta ayuda no es suficiente para sostener los necesarios programas de reactivación de la economía, política y cultura. Políticamente tienen voz y voto debido a que son salvadoreños por nacimiento, sin embargo, como pueblos indígenas no tienen la capacidad de expresarse socialmente; son pueblos que tratan de sobrevivir al paso de los años; y lo máximo que está realizando el Estado es la innovación de métodos para atraer el turismo. Aun así, dichos pueblos se esfuerzan constantemente contra muchas más situaciones que ponen en riesgo su existencia. El problema radica en la falta de educación sobre sus derechos humanos. Este desconocimiento provoca que los dirigentes indígenas conozcan qué lugar ocupan en la estructura social del país y cuáles son sus posibilidades de participación económica, política y cultural; y esta falta de conocimiento, organización y participación es aprovechada por los sectores públicos y privados para dejarlos en el olvido.Entre las principales causas que provocan la falta de cumplimiento, por parte del Estado salvadoreño, de los derechos humanos de los pueblos originarios está el poco conocimiento que han adquirido estos acerca de los derechos humanos que las leyes nacionales e internacionales establecen, y que pueden aplicar a su favor.Por ende, se propone realizar capacitaciones en relación con los derechos de los pueblos originarios y de los derechos establecidos en la Constitución de la República de El Salvador, y hacer convenios con medios de comunicación para que presenten la forma de vida de la población indígena, y, a partir de esto, gestionar proyectos de rescate y valoración de esos derechos.Entorno, junio 2018, número 65: 69-76
Toposophy
Authors: Neyrat Frédéric
Published: September 2018

This chapter begins by taking stock of today’s hydroglobe, in which all varieties of global flux tend toward the inertia that produces saturated immanence. This immanence is temporal as well as spatial, produced by clairvoyance societies that do not punish deviation or alterity but seek to prevent it. This drive toward prevention is defined as the immunological drive of societies, structures, and individuals to remain undamaged in the face of forms of contagion which they at once produce and ward off. The task of philosophy is to carve out space for existence under these conditions. Yet Neyrat specifies that only a certain type of transcendence is useful: transcendence ≈ x, or the motion of a pluralized world of beings toward an outside. Finally, this chapter introduces the idea of a divergence internal to philosophy itself, through the figure of Socrates, who contains within him a split, a space, and the atopia necessary for philosophy.
What Cries Out
Authors: Neyrat Frédéric
Published: September 2018

The conclusion, “What Cries Out,” argues that there is no relation without atopia. Here the book unfolds the implications of its analysis for translation, ecology, and political life. When each philosophical concept and each living being contains an out-of-place, then the world is a relational field composed of out-of-fields. The metaphysical propositions of philosophy make liveable the space between the immemorial and the end of time, restoring a sense of wonder about the existence of the universe.
What We Know and Don’t Yet Know about Outremer French
Authors: Minervini Laura
Published: September 2018

The first essay sets out the current state of research into the language that was written and spoken in Outremer. The evidence used in linguistic studies is broad but must usually relies on textual sources. Among other perspectives, this contribution provides a useful list of the most recognizable traits found in French-language sources from Outremer.
The Pilgrim Translation Market and the Meaning of Courtoisie
Authors: Stahuljak Zrinka
Published: September 2018

After the fall of the last stronghold of Frankish political power in the East in 1291, a thriving market for translators served those European pilgrims who still wished to access the Holy Land. While Outremer as a political force had ceased to exist on the mainland, something more than a memory of the Frankish culture remained in the peculiar invocation of the term courtoisie in the context of hiring translators for these journeys.
The Watchdog Still Barks
Authors: Knobel Beth
Published: September 2018

Perhaps no other function of a free press is as important as the watchdog role. It is easier for politicians to get away with abusing power, wasting public funds, and making poor decisions if the press is not shining its light with what is termed “accountability reporting.” This need has become especially clear as the American press has come under direct attack for carrying out its watchdog duties. This book presents a study of how this most important form of journalism came of age in the digital era at American newspapers. The book examines the front pages of nine newspapers, located across the United States, for clues on how papers addressed the watchdog role as the advent of the Internet transformed journalism. It shows how papers of varying sizes and ownership structures around the country marshaled resources for accountability reporting despite significant financial and technological challenges. Although the American newspaper industry contracted significantly during the 1990s and 2000s due to the digital transformation, the data collected in this book shows that the papers held fast to the watchdog role. The newspapers all endured budget and staff cuts during the 20 years studied as paid circulation and advertising dropped, but the amount of deep watchdog reporting on their front pages generally increased over this time. The book contains interviews with editors of the newspapers studied, who explain why they are staking their papers' futures on the one thing that American newspapers still do better than any other segment of the media—watchdog and investigative reporting.
Introduction
Authors: Lezra Jacques
Published: September 2018

This introductory chapter argues that what has come to be called the Marxian tradition takes shape around a long series of disavowals of Karl Marx's critical-political project. It takes Marx and his closest readers to have had their critical-political project in all its radicality in mind: as an account of wild mediation with every bit of edge ground into it. Because it does not sit well with mechanisms of capture, of value-production, of universal translation, of disciplinarization; with mechanisms that link, however dialectically, the “world” with the “local;” this project has remained a peripheral, contested, mostly unrecognized aspect of the Marxian tradition.