bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: New Synthesis of 2‐Oxo‐3‐alkenylphosphonates and Hetero Diels‐Alder Reactions with Vinyl Ethers Leading to 5‐Substituted 2‐Phosphinyl‐2‐cyclohexen‐1‐ones.
Authors: WADA E. , KANEMASA S. , TSUGE O.
Published: May 2016

A new method of synthesizing phosphinyl‐substituted enones such as (IV) is developed via the dianion generated from (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Dopamine β‐Monooxygenase Catalyzed Aromatization of 1‐(2‐Aminoethyl)‐1,4‐cyclohexadiene: Redirection of Specificity and Evidence for a Hydrogen Atom Transfer Mechanism.
Authors: WIMALASENA K. , MAY S. W.
Published: May 2016

In order to elucidate details of the enzymatic conversion of dopamine to the neurotransmitter norepinephrine in the sympathetic nervous system, the monooxygenation of (I) is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Photochemical Reaction of a Stable Isobenzofuran Derivative.
Authors: MIKI S. , YOSHIDA M. , YOSHIDA Z.
Published: May 2016

The cyclopentadienone (I) reacts with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (II), the cycloadduct obtained is reduced to give the diol (III) which undergoes oxidative ring closure, forming the isomeric lactols (IV) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Alkenyl Sulfides and Enamines by Alkylidenation of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives.
Authors: TAKAI K. , FUJIMURA O. , KATAOKA Y. , UTIMOTO K.
Published: May 2016

The thioloesters (I) react with the geminal dibromides (II) in the presence of Zn and TiCl4 to form the enol thioethers (III).
ChemInform Abstract: 3,3‐Dialkyl‐2‐phosphinoyloxaziridines: Synthesis and Determination of the Barrier to Nitrogen Inversion.
Authors: JENNINGS W. B. , WATSON S. P. , BOYD D. R.
Published: May 2016

The oximes (I) react with chlorodiphenylphosphine (II) to form the O‐diphenylphosphino derivatives (III) which rearrange, yielding the N‐phosphinoylimines (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl(dithiocarbamato)iron Complexes with 17 to 19 Electrons; Formation of a Cp*Fe(IV) Complex.
Authors: DESBOIS M.‐H. , ASTRUC D.
Published: May 2016

The new 17‐electron complex (Ib) is obtained by oxidation of the precursor (Ia) or (η5‐C5Me5)Fe(CO)2(η1‐S‐CS‐NMe2) and characterized by IR, ESR and Moessbauer spectra.
ChemInform Abstract: Coordination Chemical Studies on CuII Complexes of Some Derivatives of 4‐Hydroxy‐2(1H) Quinolones.
Authors: HASSANEIN M. , ABU‐EL‐WAFA S. M.
Published: May 2016

Cu(II) perchlorate reacts with corresponding 1,3‐disubstituted 4‐hydroxyquinolones in EtOH/H2O to give the 1:1 complexes (I) and (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure and Bonding of the Cation (((C6H5)3PAu)5C)+.
Authors: SCHERBAUM F. , GROHMANN A. , MUELLER G. + , SCHMIDBAUR H.
Published: May 2016

Starting with the bis‐boryl methane (I) the new compound (IV) is prepared according to the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of (2S,3R,4R)‐2‐Hydroxymethyl‐3,4‐pyrrolidinediol and 4‐Acetamino‐1,2,3‐tri‐O‐acetyl‐4‐deoxy‐L‐xylopyranose from the Photoproduct of D‐Mannose.
Authors: HOSAKA A. , ICHIKAWA S. , SHINDO H. , SATO T.
Published: May 2016

The key step in the synthesis of the title compounds (VII) and (VIII) is the Fe(III)‐catalyzed photoreaction of D‐mannose (I).
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis by Phosphoramidite Methodology of Novel Phospholipids Related to Ethylenediamine
Authors: ANSON M. S. , MCGUIGAN C.
Published: May 2016

(i.e.
ChemInform Abstract: High Power Density Performance of WPt and WRh Electrodes in the Alkali Metal Thermoelectric Converter.
Authors: WILLIAMS R. M. , JEFFRIES‐NAKAMURA B. , UNDERWOOD M. L. , WHEELER B. L. , LOVELAND M. E. , KIKKERT S. J. , LAMB J. L. , COLE T. , KUMMER J. T. , BANKSTON C. P.
Published: May 2016

The alkali metal thermoelectric converter is a direct energy conversion device, utilizing a high‐Na activity gradient across a beta''‐alumina solid electrolyte.
ChemInform Abstract: Wide‐Line NMR Measurements on the Diffusion and Disorder of Ions in CsF and RbF.
Authors: UPSCHULTE M. , RICHTERING H.
Published: May 2016

From the results 19F, 133Cs, and 87Rb solid‐state NMR of pure and doped (BaF2 or Na2O) samples it is concluded that the cations in CsF migrate via vacancies whereas for the anions, which diffuse more rapid, vacancy and/or interstitialcy processes are rate‐determining.
ChemInform Abstract: Stabilization of Homopolyatomic Cations of Iodine in Anhydrous Hydrogen Fluoride.
Authors: BESIDA J. , O'DONNELL T. A.
Published: May 2016

NaF, NbF5, TaF5, and SbF5 are used to control the acidity of anhydrous HF in order to establish the acidity threshold above which the cations I5+, I3+ and I2+ can be generated in solution.
ChemInform Abstract: A Coordinated Study of the Passivation of Alloy Steels by Plasma Source Mass Spectrometry and X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Part 2. Growth Kinetics of the Passive Film.
Authors: CASTLE J. E. , QIU J. H.
Published: May 2016

The anodic passivation of an Fe17Cr sample in 0.1 M H2SO4 at +750 mV vs.
ChemInform Abstract: Characterization of Zn‐Promoted Rh/SiO2 Catalysts by Chemisorption, Infrared Spectroscopy, and Temperature‐Programmed Desorption.
Authors: JEN H. W. , ZHENG Y. , SHRIVER D. F. , SACHTLER W. M. H.
Published: May 2016

Zn‐promoted Rh/SiO2 catalysts of varing Zn/Rh ratio are prepared by the impregnation method using a methanolic solution of RhCl3 and ZnCl2.
ChemInform Abstract: Controlled Oxygen Chemisorption on an Alumina Supported Rhodium Catalyst. Formation of a New Metal‐Metal Oxide Interface Determined with Extended X‐Ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy.
Authors: MARTENS J. H. A. , PRINS R. , KONINGSBERGER D. C.
Published: May 2016

The EXAFS spectra of Rh/Al2O3 catalysts obtained after oxygen admission at 100 K indicates the beginning of oxidation.
ChemInform Abstract: Bonding in Tris(η5‐cyclopentadienyl) Actinoid Complexes. Part 2. Ground Electronic Configurations of “Base‐Free” Cp3An Complexes (An: Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu).
Authors: BURSTEN B. E. , RHODES L. F. , STRITTMATTER R. J.
Published: May 2016

Spin‐restricted and spin‐unrestricted quasi‐relativistic Xα‐SW MO calculations on the Th and U compound in both planar and pyramidal geometries are carried out.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvolyses of Thiocyanates by Trifluoroethanoic Acid.
Authors: GILLARD R. D. , GARIF N. , PEDROSA DE JESUS J.
Published: May 2016

Isothiocyanates such as (I) are solvolyzed to give the corresponding amine (IV) via the intermediate (III).
ChemInform Abstract: X = Y‐ZH Systems as Potential 1,3‐Dipoles. Part 21. Activation of the ZH Proton in Imines.
Authors: GRIGG R. , DONEGAN G. , GUNARATNE H. Q. N. , KENNEDY D. A. , MALONE J. F. , SRIDHARAN V. , THIANPATANAGUL S.
Published: May 2016

The influence of several activating groups on the generation of azomethine ylides such as (III) and their reaction with dipolarophiles is examined; besides the examples (I), (VI) and (VIII), given in the scheme, the study also includes substrates containing a benzoyl or phosphonate group as well as a thiolactone analogue of (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Towards a Molecular‐Size Construction Set: 3,3(n‐1)‐Bisacetylthio(n)staffanes.
Authors: FRIEDLI A. C. , KASZYNSKI P. , MICHL J.
Published: May 2016

UV irradiation of (1.1.1)propellane (I) in the presence of diacetyl disulfide (II) gives the oligomeric di(acetylthio)staffanes (III) which are hydrolyzed, forming the dithiolates (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine‐Induced Cyclization of cis‐1‐R‐2‐Allylcyclopentan‐1‐ols.
Authors: GEVAZA YU. I. , KUPCHIK I. P. , STANINETS V. I.
Published: May 2016

The cis‐allylcyclopentanols (I) react with iodine/potassium iodide to give the anellated tetrahydrofurans (II), while the corresponding trans‐allylcyclopentanols remain unchanged.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselectivity of 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of C‐Acetyl‐N‐arylnitrilimines with Acrylic Acid Derivatives and α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones.
Authors: SHAWALI A. S. , EZMIRLY S. T. , HASSANEEN H. M.
Published: May 2016

The cycloaddition reactions of the C‐acetyl‐N‐arylnitrilimines, generated in situ from the chlorides (I) by treatment with NEt3, with acrylic acid derivatives (cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5‐Aryl‐1,5‐dihydro‐6‐nitropyrazolo(4,3‐c)pyrazoles and Their Biological Activity.
Authors: PATEL H. V. , FERNANDES P. S.
Published: May 2016

The products (II), (III) and (VI)‐(IX) are tested for their antibacterial activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbacephems and 4‐Methyleneazetidin‐2‐ones by Copper‐Mediated Amide Nitrogen‐Vinylic Carbon Ring Closure.
Authors: JOYEAU R. , KOBAITER R. , SADET J. , WAKSELMAN M.
Published: May 2016

Heating of the 4‐bromo‐3‐butenylazetidinones (I) in the presence of copper powder gives the fused tetrahydropyridines (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure of 1‐Aryl‐2‐acetonyl(2‐phenacyl)‐6,7,8,9‐tetrahydropyrimido(4,5‐b)quinolin‐4‐ones.
Authors: GAVRILOV M. YU. , VAKHRIN M. I. , KONSHIN M. E.
Published: May 2016

The 1‐aryl‐2‐methyltetrahydropyrimidoquinolinones (I) are coupled with acetic anhydride (IIa) or benzoyl chloride (IIb) to give the ketones (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclopentadienones in the Reaction of Alkynes with Cyclopropylcarbenechromium Complexes.
Authors: HERNDON J. W. , TUMER S. U.
Published: May 2016

The carbene complex (I) undergoes cycloaddition reaction with the disubstituted acetylenes (II) to give the cyclopentadienones (III), together with the cyclopentenones (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Dimerization of Ethylene and Propylene by (η6‐Arene)NiR2 and in Combination with Alkylaluminum Halides. Production of Highly Active Homogeneous Catalysts.
Authors: CHOE S.‐B. , KANAI H. , KLABUNDE K. J.
Published: May 2016

In order to gain evidence for catalytically active intermediates and evidence regarding the role of the cocatalyst the new class of Ni‐complexes (I) and their Co analogues are examined for activity as homogeneous catalysts for ethylene and propylene dimerization.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐(2,3‐Dideoxy‐β‐D‐glycero‐pent‐2‐enofuranosyl)thymine. A Highly Potent and Selective Anti‐HIV Agent.
Authors: MANSURI M. M. , STARRETT J. E. JUN. , GHAZZOULI I. , HITCHCOCK M. J. M. , STERZYCKI R. Z. , BRANKOVAN V. , LIN T.‐S. , AUGUST E. M. , PRUSOFF W. H. , SOMMADOSSI J.‐P. , MARTIN J. C.
Published: May 2016

The bismesylate (III), obtained by mesylation of thymidine (I), is consecutively treated with NaOH and tert‐butoxide to give the title compound (V) via the oxetane (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Experimental Determination of Vapor‐Liquid Equilibrium; Normal and Low‐Pressure Region
Authors: HALA E.
Published: May 2016

Review: (advances during the past 25 years with emphasis on the improvement in the design of existing forms of stills and the evolution of new types.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Refinement of the High‐Tc Superconductor TlBa2Ca2Cu3O9.
Authors: HERTLEIN T. , BURZLAFF H. , OTTO H. H. , ZETTERER T. , RENK K. F.
Published: May 2016

Single crystals of the title compound are prepared by slow solidification (5 K/h) of a melt formed at 1190 K from pressed pellets of a CaOand CuO‐rich bulk material (Tl: Ba:Ca:Cu = 1:2:3:4).
ChemInform Abstract: The Exposure of the Crystal Faces of V2O5 on Supported Catalysts
Authors: NIWA M. , MATSUOKA Y. , MURAKAMI Y.
Published: May 2016

is measured by using a combination of the benzaldehyde‐ammonia titration (BAT) and NO‐NH3 rectangular pulse (NARP) methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Complex Compounds of Gadolinium Nitrate with the Nitrates of Alkali Metals.
Authors: ODINETS Z. K. , SENYATKINA E. M. , MOLODKIN A. K. , IVANOVA T. N.
Published: May 2016

The novel title compounds (I) are prepared according to a known procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Structures of Molecular Copper and Silver Polyselenide Complexes (M4(Se4)x(Se5)3‐x)2‐.
Authors: CUSICK J. , SCUDDER M. L. , CRAIG D. C. , DANCE I. G.
Published: May 2016

The polyselenide complexes (II) and (IV) are prepared as shown in the scheme (no yields given).
ChemInform Abstract: Carbocations as Electron Acceptors. Photoexcitation of the Charge‐Transfer Complexes of Tropylium Salts and Aromatic Hydrocarbons.
Authors: TAKAHASHI Y. , SANKARARAMAN S. , KOCHI J. K.
Published: May 2016

Formation constants of the 1:1 electron donor‐acceptor (EDA) complexes with 30 arenes such as benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, and their methylated derivatives are evaluated.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Characterization of Glycerol‐Based Cleavable Surfactants and Derived Vesicles.
Authors: JAEGER D. A. , JAMROZIK J. , GOLICH T. G. , CLENNAN M. W. , MOHEBALIAN J.
Published: May 2016

The surfactants (IV), whose preparation is exemplified in the scheme by the synthesis of (IVa), are subjected to sonication to give vesicles which are characterized by 1H NMR, dynamic laser light scattering, differential scanning calorimetry as well as dye entrapment, leakage, and hydrolytic stability studies.
ChemInform Abstract: Effect of Pressure on the Rate of Methylation of a Buttressed Pyridine.
Authors: CHEUNG C. K. , WEDINGER R. S. , LE NOBLE W. J.
Published: May 2016

The sterically hindered pyridine derivatives (VII) and (XIII) are synthesized as shown in the reaction scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Synthesis of Dialkylthioxaphosphoranesulfenyl Chlorides and Bromides.
Authors: LOPUSINSKI A. , LUCZAK L. , MICHALSKI J.
Published: May 2016

Hydrogen chloride or bromide, generated in situ from halotrimethylsilanes, transforms the morpholides (I) into the thiophosphoranesulfenyl halides (II).
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Alkyl‐N‐(alkoxycarbonyl)amidophosphoric Acid Chlorides and Isocyanates.
Authors: MIKHAILYUCHENKO N. K. , KOZHUSHKO B. N. , SHOKOL V. A.
Published: May 2016

The N‐chloro N‐methyl carbamates (I) react with the chlorophosphites (II) and (IV) to give the amidophosphoric acid chlorides (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Diamidobromophosphazobenzenes.
Authors: MIROSHNICHENKO V. V. , MARCHENKO A. P. , KUDRYAVTSEV A. A. , PINCHUK A. M.
Published: May 2016

Bromination of the phosphorous triamides (I) gives the phosphonium salts (II) which are transformed into the phosphorodiamidimidic bromides (III) upon thermal treatment.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,4‐O‐Methylene‐D‐glucitol‐1,3:5,6‐bis‐O‐(chlorophosphite).
Authors: GURARII L. I. , LITVINOV I. A. , MUKMENEV E. T.
Published: May 2016

2,4‐O‐Methylene‐D‐glucitol (I) reacts with phosphorus trichloride (II) to give the bis(chlorophosphite) (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A Soluble Alkoxyzinc Hydride, (HZnOC(CH3)3)4. Synthesis and Reactions with Copper(I) Alkoxides.
Authors: NEILS T. L. , BURLITCH J. M.
Published: May 2016

As part of a study of model compounds for methanol synthesis catalysts, the title compound (III) is prepared according to the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Dialkyl Thiophosphonate Derivatives of Triorganotin(IV).
Authors: NAGAR P. N.
Published: May 2016

In the presence of sodium, the thiophosphite (I) reacts with triethyltin chloride (II) to yield the S‐stannyl thiophosphites (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Insertion of (VFe3S4)2+ and (MoFe3S4)3+ Cores into a Semirigid Trithiolate Cavitand Ligand: Regiospecific Reactions at a Vanadium Site Similar to That in Nitrogenase.
Authors: CIURLI S. , HOLM R. H.
Published: May 2016

The insertion of the cubane‐type compounds (I) and (V) into (II) gives products containing the cavitand ligand bound at the Fe sites.
ChemInform Abstract: Structures of Pentaarylbismuth Compounds.
Authors: SCHMUCK A. , SEPPELT K.
Published: May 2016

The pentaarylbismuth compounds (III) are synthesized by a known method as demonstrated for (IIIa).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Technetium(III) Complexes Containing 2,2′‐Bipyridine and 1,10‐Phenanthroline. X‐Ray Crystal Structures of cis(Cl),trans(P)‐(TcCl2(P(CH3)2C6H5)2(bpy))B(C6H5)4, cis(Cl),trans(P)‐(TcCl2(P(CH3)2C6H5)2(phen))B(C6H5)4, and cis(Cl),trans(P)‐(TcCl2(P(CH3CH2)(C6H5)2)2(bpy))SO3CF3.
Authors: WILCOX B. E. , HO D. M. , DEUTSCH E.
Published: May 2016

The Tc(III) complexes (III) are synthesized as shown in the scheme for the example (IIIa).
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt(I), ‐(II), and ‐(III) Complexes of a Tetraaza 14‐Membered Macrocycle, 5,7,7,12,14,14‐Hexamethyl‐1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradeca‐4,11‐diene (L). Crystal and Molecular Structures of (CoL(CO))ClO4, trans‐CoLCl2, and cis‐(CoL(CO3))ClO4.
Authors: SZALDA D. J. , FUJITA E. , CREUTZ C.
Published: May 2016

The synthesis of the Co(I) carbonyl complex (IV) is reported for the first time.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and X‐Ray Structure of PtCl2(S4N4)(PMe2Ph), an Octahedral Complex Containing a Meridional Tridentate S4N2‐ 4 Ligand.
Authors: HURSTHOUSE M. B. , MOTEVALLI M. , KELLY P. F. , WOOLLINS J. D.
Published: May 2016

The 1:2 molar reaction as shown results in the formation of the Pt(IV) title complex (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Heterocyclic Hansa Yellow Analogues: Synthesis of Novel Azodisperse Dyes from 3‐Oxo‐N‐(pyrazol‐4‐yl)butanamide as Possible Dyes for Polyester Fibres.
Authors: GIRGES M. M. , HANNA M. A. , ELAGAMEY A. A.
Published: May 2016

The aryldiazonium halides (IV) are coupled with the acetoacetamide (III), prepared by reaction of the amine (I) with acetoacetate (II), to give the disperse dyes (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4‐(N‐Acetyl‐L‐tyrosyl)amino‐2‐iodobenzoic Acid.
Authors: PROTIVA J. , KRECEK V. , MACA B. , URBAN J. , BUDESINSKY M. , PROCHAZKA M.
Published: May 2016

The acid (Vb) is used clinically for examination of the pancreatic function.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Enantiospecific Syntheses of 13‐(S)‐Hydroxy‐9Z,11E‐octadecadienoic (Coriolic) Acid and Its 13‐(S)‐N‐Tosylamino Analogue.
Authors: TRANCHEPAIN I. , LE BERRE F. , DUREAULT A. , LE MERRER Y. , DEPEZAY J. C.
Published: May 2016

Coriolic acid (IX) (no yield given) and its tosylamino analogue (XII) are prepared by analogous routes starting from the D‐mannitol derivatives (I) and (X), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of Titanium Nitride Whiskers by Reaction of Sodium Titanium Bronze with Molten Sodium Cyanide
Authors: BAMBERGER C. E. , ANGELINI P. , NOLAN T. A.
Published: May 2016

is observed at 1000 °C and the TiN whiskers produced under different conditions are characterized by SEM/TEM with EDS and EELS.
ChemInform Abstract: Lattice Vibration Spectra. Part 50. Reorientational Motion of Hydroxide Ions in Solid RbOH and CsOH.
Authors: HENNING J. , LUTZ H. D. , JACOBS H. , MACH B.
Published: May 2016

The IR and Raman spectra of isotopically dilute (∼10% D) and pure (OD,OH) samples of the title hydroxides are recorded in the OD,OH stretching mode region over the temp. range 200‐370 K in order to determine the temp. dependence of the band frequencies.
ChemInform Abstract: Properties of a New, Low Bandgap Photoconducting Phase of Lead Oxide.
Authors: SCHUMACHER L. C. , HOLZHUETER I. B. , DIGNAM M. J.
Published: May 2016

Films of a new n‐type semiconducting lead oxide phase of approximate stoichiometry PbO1.50 are formed by reactive sputtering (lead metal target) in either a 100% O2 plasma or a 50:50 mixture of O2 and N2.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Inorganic Low Melting Electrolyte for Secondary Aluminum‐Nickel Sulfide Batteries
Authors: HJULER H. A. , VON WINBUSH S. , BERG R. W. , BJERRUM N. J.
Published: May 2016

is developed that consists of LiAlCl4, NaAlCl4, NaAlBr4, and KAlCl4 in a 3:2:3:2 ratio.
ChemInform Abstract: Lead(II) Hydroxide Complexes: On the Formation of Species Higher than Pd(OH)‐ 3 in Strongly Alkaline Solutions.
Authors: FERRI D. , SALVATORE F. , VASCA E.
Published: May 2016

Based on EMF measurements with a junctionless cell (lead amalgam cathode, test solution containing Pb2+ and OH‐ in a NaClO4/NaBr electrolyte, silver anode coated with AgBr), a method is developed that allows the study of complex formation equilibria between Pb2+ and OH‐ up to OH‐ concentrations of ∼5 M. It is shown that at OH‐ concentrations > 1 M, appreciable amounts of (Pb(OH)4)2‐ and (Pb(OH)6)4‐ are formed besides (Pb(OH)3)‐.
ChemInform Abstract: The Development of a Cobalt Oxide Spinel Structure Overlayer on Cobalt Electrodes. A Modified Electrode Surface of Electrocatalytic Interest.
Authors: KESSLER T. , VISINTIN A. , DE CHIALVO M. R. , TRIACA W. E. , ARVIA A. J.
Published: May 2016

Periodic potential treatment of Co‐electrodes in alkaline solution (KOH) results in the formation of spinel‐type Co3O4 overlayers.
ChemInform Abstract: The Influence of Platinum Crystallite Size on the Electroreduction of Oxygen
Authors: WATANABE M. , SEI H. , STONEHART P.
Published: May 2016

is studied in 100% H3PO4 at 190 °C and in 1.5 M H2SO4 at 60 °C. It is found that the particle size effect does not really depend on the dimensions of the Pt crystallites but depends on the intercrystallite distance.
ChemInform Abstract: Investigations of Solid State Reactions of Binary Polyphosphate‐Fluoride Systems by Means of Thermal Analysis, X‐Ray Diffraction and NMR Spectroscopy. Part 5. Reactions of Sr(PO3)2 with AlF3, CaF2 and MgF2.
Authors: JAEGER C. + , EHRT D.
Published: May 2016

Reaction of Sr(PO3)2 and AlF3 at 600 °C yields AlPO4 (I), SrAlF5 (II), and intermediate Sr2P2O7 (III) that decomposes in the presence of AlF3 also producing (I) and (II).
ChemInform Abstract: EXAFS Study of Iron(III) Complexes of Sugar‐Type Ligands.
Authors: NAGY L. , OHTAKI H. , YAMAGUCHI T. , NOMURA M.
Published: May 2016

The Fe K‐edge absorption spectra of Fe(III) complexes, obtained from Fe(III) perchlorate and mannitol, fructose, or sodium gluconate in aqueous solution by NaOH addition, are measured to reveal the structure from the analysis of their EXAFS and XANES.
ChemInform Abstract: X‐Ray Crystal Structure and Hydrocarbon Solution Dynamics of Dimeric 1,1‐Bis((dimethylamino)methyl)‐2‐propyllithium.
Authors: MOENE W. , VOS M. , DE KANTER F. J. J. , KLUMPP G. W. , SPEK A. L.
Published: May 2016

Crystals obtained from pentane solutions of the title compound as a monomer afford the first X‐ray data for a dimeric alkyllithium, (I) ( P21/n, Z=2).
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Diels‐Alder Reaction of 1‐Methoxybuta‐1,3‐diene with (2R)‐N‐Glyoxyloylbornane‐10,2‐sultam.
Authors: BAUER T. , CHAPUIS C. , KOZAK J. , JURCZAK J.
Published: May 2016

The title compound (III) undergoes (4 + 2) cycloaddition with the methoxydiene (IV) to afford the chiral cycloadducts (V) and (VI), which are potential synthons in the preparation of monosaccharides or other natural products.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Lithiation Mediated Anionic Cyclizations and (2,3)‐Sigmatropic Rearrangements.
Authors: BROKA C. A. , SHEN T.
Published: May 2016

Anionic cyclization of several α‐alkoxylithiums derived by transmetalation from stannylmethyl ethers such as (I) or (III) leads to the cis‐tetrahydrofurans (II) or (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Dihalodivinyl Sulfides. Reductive Debromination of Di‐(1‐bromovinyl) Sulfide by Zinc in Aprotic Solvents.
Authors: AMOSOVA S. V. , GAVRILOVA G. M. , GOSTEVSKAYA V. I.
Published: May 2016

The title compound (I) is converted to divinyl sulfide (II) on treatment with Zn in solvents such as DMF, DMSO, HMPA.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Rearrangement. Part 21. Photolysis and Thermolysis of Hydroxylamine Derivatives.
Authors: FAHMY A. M. , ALY M. M. , BADR M. Z. A. , ABD EL‐GAWAD A. M.
Published: May 2016

The title reactions of the hydroxylamine (I) most likely start with the homolysis of the N‐OH bond.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophilic Amination: Enantioselective Syntheses of D‐Allothreonine and L‐Threonine.
Authors: GENET J. P. , JUGE S. , MALLART S.
Published: May 2016

Starting with the commercial polyhydroxybutanoate (I), enantioselective syntheses of D‐allothreonine (VI) and L‐threonine (XI) are performed as outlined in the reaction scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1‐Ethynylcyclododecanol and Its Isomerization on a Vanadium Catalyst.
Authors: ZAKHARKIN L. I. , PRYANISHNIKOV A. P. , OVSEENKO S. T.
Published: May 2016

Base‐catalyzed addition of ethyne (II) to cyclododecanone (I) affords the title compound (III) in high and optimized yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Preparation of anti‐β‐Amino Alcohols via Michael Addition of Alkoxide Anions to Nitroolefins and Subsequent Hydrogenation Reaction.
Authors: KAMIMURA A. , ONO N.
Published: May 2016

The nitroolefins (I) are treated with alkoxides, e.g. derived from benzylic alcohol (II) and sodium hydride, and then quenched with acetic acid, yielding predominantly ethers, e.g. (III), of anti‐configurated nitro alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Ritter Reaction of 1,7,7‐Trimethyl‐2‐phenylbicyclo(2.2.1)heptan‐2‐exo‐ol.
Authors: KOZLOV N. G. , POPOVA L. A. , VYALIMYAE T. K. , KNIZHNIKOV V. A. , OL'DEKOP YU. A.
Published: May 2016

The reaction between camphor (I) and PhLi (II) affords the title compound (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Ylide Salts Containing Ph3P and Py Groups in the Positions 1 and 3 with Benzylidenecyclopentanone.
Authors: MAGDESIEVA N. N. , CHOVNIKOVA N. G.
Published: May 2016

The reaction between pyridinium ylides and α,β‐unsaturated ketone is known to afford disubstituted pyridines.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemically Induced Reactions of cis,cis‐Cyclooctadienone.
Authors: MARTIN A. R. , JIN K.
Published: May 2016

The 2,4‐cyclooctadienone (I) is irradiated in the presence of the enol ethers (II), yielding the cycloadducts (III) and (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Functionally‐Substituted Ethyl (2‐Oxo‐1‐pyrrolidinyl)acetate Derivatives.
Authors: ZHELTONOGOVA E. A. , KOBZAREVA V. P. , SHIPOV A. G. , BAUKOV YU. I.
Published: May 2016

Starting with 2‐pyrrolidone (I), the pyrrolidinylacetates (IV) and (V) are prepared as shown in the reaction scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem (3 + 2)Cycloaddition (2,3)Sigmatropic Rearrangement Reaction of Allenyl Sulfoxides with Nitrones.
Authors: PADWA A. , NORMAN B. H. , PERUMATTAM J.
Published: May 2016

The sulfinylallene (II) reacts with the nitrone (I) to form the cycloadduct (III) which directly rearranges, yielding the sulfenate (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Electrophilic N‐Amidation via Electron Deficient Complexes: Action of Ferric Chloride on N‐Acetoxy Amides.
Authors: CHEREST M. , LUSINCHI X.
Published: May 2016

The N‐acetoxy amides (I) and (III) are treated with ferric chloride and acetic acid, forming the benzo‐fused lactams (II).
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Access to 3,4‐Disubstituted Isoquinolines from Benzocyclobutenyl Ketoximes.
Authors: SHISHIDO K. , HIROYA K. , FUKUMOTO K. , KAMETANI T.
Published: May 2016

Heating of the benzocyclobutenyl ketoximes (I), synthesized from the corresponding ketones, results in ring‐enlargement or ring‐cleavage, producing the isoquinolines (II) and the styrene (IIId).
ChemInform Abstract: A Study of the Scope of the (4 + 2)Cycloaddition Reactions of Unactivated 1,3‐Oxazin‐6‐ones.
Authors: BOGER D. L. , WYSOCKI R. J. JUN.
Published: May 2016

Regiospecific (4 + 2)cycloaddition reaction of 4‐methyl‐2‐propyl‐1,3‐oxazin‐6‐one (V), synthesized as shown in the reaction scheme, with the dienophiles (VI), (VIII), (X), and (XII) leads to the formation of the compounds (VII), (IX), (XI), and (XIII), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐(Aminoalkyl)‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐5H‐(1)benzopyrano(3,4‐c)pyridin‐5‐ones as Potential Anticholinergic Bronchodilators.
Authors: CONNOR D. T. , UNANGST P. C. , SCHWENDER C. F. , SORENSON R. J. , CARETHERS M. E. , PUCHALSKI C. , BROWN R. E. , FINKEL M. P.
Published: May 2016

The synthesis of the title compounds (V) is performed via Pechman condensation of phenols such as (I) with the oxopiperidinecarboxylate (II) followed by N‐alkylation of (III) with the β‐chloroamines (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: 2H‐(1)Benzopyrano(3,4‐b)pyridines: Synthesis and Activity at Central Monoamine Receptors.
Authors: HUTCHISON A. , WILLIAMS M. , DE JESUS R. , STONE G. A. , SYLVESTER L. , CLARKE F. H. , SILLS M. A.
Published: May 2016

Two general methods for the synthesis of benzopyranopyridines such as (IV) or (XI) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Long Acting Dihydropyridine Calcium Antagonists. Part 2. 2‐(2‐Aminoheterocycloethoxy)methyl Derivatives.
Authors: ARROWSMITH J. E. , CAMPBELL S. F. , CROSS P. E. , BURGES R. A. , GARDINER D. G.
Published: May 2016

Starting with the dihydropyridine (I), a series of heterocyclic substituted derivatives such as (V), (VII), or (IX) is prepared either by ring closure reaction of the (cyano)methylisothiourea (III) or by direct coupling of (I) with functionalized heterocycles such as (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Heterocyclic Synthesis with Nitriles: A Novel Synthesis of Some Thiophene and Thieno(2,3‐d)pyrimidine Derivatives. Part 2.
Authors: ABDELRAZEK F. M.
Published: May 2016

Cyclization of the cinnamonitriles (I) or (VIII) affords the thiophene derivatives (III) or (IX) and (X), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 2‐Trimethylsilyl‐1,3‐bis‐trimethylsilylimino‐1,3‐dihydro‐isoindole and the Crystal Structure of Hexakis(trimethylsilyl)‐1,4‐benzdiamidine.
Authors: WELLER F. , SCHMOCK F. , DEHNICKE K.
Published: May 2016

The title compound (IV) is obtained according to the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Organo‐Selenium Compounds. Part 6. Synthesis of 1,4‐Disubstituted Benzenes with Seleno(Thio)acetal Fragments.
Authors: NEDUGOV A. N. , PAVLOVA N. N. , LAPKIN I. I.
Published: May 2016

Starting from the bromophenylseleno (Ia) and bromophenylthio (Ib) derivatives, which are converted to Grignard reagents, the title compounds (III), (VI), (VIII) and (X) are prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Coordinative Capabilities of Substituted Propane‐1,3‐diamine: Zinc(II) Halide Adducts of 2,2‐Dimethylpropane‐1,3‐diamine.
Authors: MASCIOCCHI N. , MORET M. , SIRONI A. , BRUNI S. , CARIATI F. , POZZI A. , MANFREDINI T. , MENABUE L. , BENEDETTI A.
Published: May 2016

The tetrahedral complexes (I) and the trigonal bipyramidal complexes (II) are obtained by treating Zn(II) halides with 2.5‐3 or 8‐10 equiv. diamine in methanolic or aqueous solution, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorescent Lanthanoid Complexes. New Complexes of Lanthanoids(III) with Coumarinic‐3‐carboxylic Acid.
Authors: BISI CASTELLANI C. , CARUGO O.
Published: May 2016

The complexes of the types (I), (II), and (III) are synthesized by reaction of coumarinic‐3‐carboxylic acid HL and the appropriate lanthanoid salt in various stoichiometric ratios in refluxing butanol.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of HFe4(CO)12CBH2. A Cluster‐Substituted Tricoordinate Monoborane.
Authors: MENG X. , RATH N. P. , FEHLNER T. P.
Published: May 2016

During a search for better routes to metal‐rich metallaboranes the shown reaction yielded the title compound (III), a butterfly carbido cluster substituted monoborane in which the cluster substituent satisfies the empty orbital of the borane.
ChemInform Abstract: Template Synthesis and Molecular Structure of the Nickel(II) Perchlorate‐Chloride Complex with Tris(((aminoisopropyl)amino)methyl)amine.
Authors: ARKOWSKA A. , GRAZYNSKA E. , KUBIAK R. , PAULUS H.
Published: May 2016

Magnetic measurements, IR and electronic spectra suggest the title complex (V) (yield not given) to have a semisepulchrate‐type structure (statistical distribution of the methyl groups; just one isomer given in the scheme).
ChemInform Abstract: Chlorogold(I) and Gold(III) Complexes of 6‐Amino‐1,3‐dimethyl‐5‐arylazouracil Derivatives: IR Spectroscopy, Growth Inhibition of HeLa Cells and X‐Ray Crystal Structure of 6‐Amino‐1,3‐dimethyl‐5‐phenylazoniumuracil Dichloroaurate(I) Sesquihydrate.
Authors: KIVEKAES R. + , COLACIO E. , RUIZ J. , LOPEZ‐GONZALEZ J. D. , LEON P.
Published: May 2016

Reduction of Na(AuCl4) in H2O by Na2SO3 and subsequent reaction with 6‐amino‐1,3‐dimethyl‐5‐phenylazouracil results in the formation of the ionic Au(I) product (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Polycyclic Nucleoside Analogues, Incorporation into Oligodeoxynucleotides, and Interaction with Complementary Sequences.
Authors: BISCHOFBERGER N. , MATTEUCCI M. D.
Published: May 2016

Tps‐substituted pyrimidine nucleosides such as (I) react with aromatic diamines such as (II) to give the fused ring systems (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen Spillover on Silica. Part 3. Detection of Spillover by Proton NMR.
Authors: LENZ D. H. , CONNER WM. C. JUN. , FRAISSARD J. P.
Published: May 2016

Using a novel in situ NMR experimental setup preliminary 1H NMR studies are performed to gain insight into the nature of the spiltover species and of the active sites for spillover onto silica.
ChemInform Abstract: The Reduction Behavior of Silica‐Supported and Alumina‐Supported Iron Catalysts: A Moessbauer and IR Spectroscopic Study.
Authors: WIELERS A. F. H. , KOCK A. J. H. M. , HOP C. E. C. A. , GEUS J. W. , VAN DER KRAAN A. M.
Published: May 2016

Addition of an acidified Fe(NO3)3 solution at constant pH (pH 6) to a suspension of the support results in the deposition of highly dispersed α‐FeOOH.
ChemInform Abstract: Ozonolysis of Tetrasubstituted Ethylenes, Cycloolefins, and Conjugated Dienes on Polyethylene.
Authors: GRIESBAUM K. , VOLPP W. , GREINERT R. , GREUNIG H.‐J. , SCHMID J. , HENKE H.
Published: May 2016

Ozonolysis of the tetrasubstituted ethylenes (I), the cycloolefines (III), and of norbornene (V), performed on polyethylene as a carrier, yields the ozonides (II), (IV), and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Non‐Enzymatic Hydration, Amine Addition, and Oxidation Reactions of Azaarene Oxides.
Authors: BOYD D. R. , DAVIES R. J. H. , DUNLOP R. , PORTER H. P. , HAMILTON L. , MCCULLOUGH J. J.
Published: May 2016

Hydration, aminolysis, or oxidation of the quinoline‐derived oxiranes (I) gives the trans‐diols (II), the trans‐hydroxy amines (IV), or the trans‐dioxiranes (V).
ChemInform Abstract: 6‐(Substituted Phenyl)‐5‐methyl‐4,5‐dihydropyridazin‐3(2H)‐ones of Medicinal Interest. The Synthesis of SK&F 94836 und SK&F 95654.
Authors: BURPITT B. E. , CRAWFORD L. P. , DAVIES B. J. , MISTRY J. , MITCHELL M. B. , PANCHOLI K. D. , COATES W. J.
Published: May 2016

The dihydropyridazinones (XII) and (XVIII) mentioned in the title are prepared as shown in the reaction scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Decarbonylation of Some Pyrimidine‐5‐carboxaldehydes.
Authors: DELIA T. J. , POLENZ B. , MARTIN M. C.
Published: May 2016

The decarbonylation of the pyrimidine‐5‐carboxaldehydes (I) is achieved in acidic methanol (II) to give the pyrimidines (III) and methyl formate (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐6,7‐dihydrothieno(3′,2′:5,6)pyrido(2,3‐d)pyrimidin‐4‐one.
Authors: TAYLOR E. C. , PONT J. L. , WARNER J. C.
Published: May 2016

The key steps in the synthesis of the title compound (IX) are the thermolytic ring closure of the butynylthiotriazinone (III), yielding the thienopyridine (IV) as the major product, and the cyclocondensation of the chloride (VII), derived from (IV), with guanidine hydrochloride (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Condensed Titanoxanes: Synthesis of closo‐(Cp*Ti)4O6 and Its Transformation to bicyclo‐(Cp*Ti)4O5Cl2 with TiCl4 as an Oxide Acceptor Reagent.
Authors: BABCOCK L. M. , KLEMPERER W. G.
Published: May 2016

Hydrolysis of (I) under basic conditions yields a titanoxane cage compound (III), having an adamantane‐like, tetrahedral Ti4O6 core structure.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Stereospecific Silyl Group Transfer Reactions: Practical Routes to the Prostaglandins.
Authors: DANISHEFSKY S. J. , PAZ CABAL M. , CHOW K.
Published: May 2016

In the present paper, a new strategy for the construction of the prostaglandin skeleton is developed, in which the C‐8‐C‐7 bond is fashioned from a nucleophilic version of C‐7 via group transfer reaction of the (S)‐enone (I) with the silylketeneacetal derivative (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Halides
Authors: HARGITTAI M.
Published: May 2016

Review: (266 refs.
Dynamic egg color mimicry
Authors: Hanley Daniel , Šulc Michal , Brennan Patricia L. R. , Hauber Mark E. , Grim Tomáš , Honza Marcel
Published: May 2016

Evolutionary hypotheses regarding the function of eggshell phenotypes, from solar protection through mimicry, have implicitly assumed that eggshell appearance remains static throughout the laying and incubation periods. However, recent research demonstrates that egg coloration changes over relatively short, biologically relevant timescales. Here, we provide the first evidence that such changes impact brood parasite–host eggshell color mimicry during the incubation stage. First, we use long‐term data to establish how rapidly theAcrocephalus arundinaceusLinnaeus (great reed warbler) responded to natural parasitic eggs laid by theCuculus canorusLinnaeus (common cuckoo). Most hosts rejected parasitic eggs just prior to clutch completion, but the host response period extended well into incubation (~10 days after clutch completion). Using reflectance spectrometry and visual modeling, we demonstrate that eggshell coloration in the great reed warbler and its brood parasite, the common cuckoo, changes rapidly, and the extent of eggshell color mimicry shifts dynamically over the host response period. Specifically, 4 days after being laid, the host should notice achromatic color changes to both cuckoo and warbler eggs, while chromatic color changes would be noticeable after 8 days. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the perceived match between host and cuckoo eggshell color worsened over the incubation period. These findings have important implications for parasite–host coevolution dynamics, because host egg discrimination may be aided by disparate temporal color changes in host and parasite eggs.
Synthesis of (E)‐3‐Styrylquinolin‐4(1H)‐ones in Water by Ohmic Heating: a Comparison with Other Methodologies
Authors: Pinto Joana , Silva Vera L. M. , Santos Luis M. N. B. F. , Silva Artur M. S.
Published: May 2016

Ohmic heating offers a very efficient way to perform organic reactions in aqueous media. Potentially bioactive (E)‐3‐styrylquinolin‐4(1H)‐ones were synthesized by the Heck reaction of 3‐iodo‐1‐methylquinolin‐4(1H)‐one with styrenes in water and with ohmic heating. Pd(OAc)2 was used as catalyst, and tetrabutylammonium bromide was used as phase‐transfer catalyst in the presence of an inorganic base. Comparison with other established procedures highlight the benefits of this new methodology.
A BODIPY‐Based Water‐Soluble Fluorescent Probe for Mitochondria Targeting
Authors: Sui Binglin , Tang Simon , Woodward Adam W. , Kim Bosung , Belfield Kevin D.
Published: May 2016

A water‐soluble fluorescent mitochondrial targeting probe is reported. The probe bears a BODIPY‐based fluorophore, two triphenylphosphonium (TPP) groups as mitochondrial targeting moieties, and two PEG groups to increase water solubility and enhance biocompatibility. As a mitochondria‐selective fluorescent probe, the new BODIPY derivative exhibited many desirable properties, such as water solubility, high fluorescence quantum yield, solvent independent photophysical properties, pH insensitivity, good photostability, low cytotoxicity, and excellent mitochondrial targeting ability. Fluorescence microscopy colocalization experiments demonstrated the ability of this new probe to target mitochondria within living cells for bioimaging.
Comment on ET&C perspectives, November 2015—A holistic view
Authors: Fox David R. , Landis Wayne G.
Published: May 2016

In response to a recent collection of perspectives published in Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, the authors argue that there is little value in revisiting and rehashing the well-documented issues around toxicity metrics, competing statistical paradigms, legitimacy of theoretical constructs for species sensitivity distributions, and a number of other unresolved (and perhaps unresolvable) attendant statistical issues that have occupied journal space for more than 30 yr. This is not to say that these matters are unimportant—they are; however, the discussion on these topics is mature, with very few new insights being offered. To move forward on some of these seemingly intractable issues, the authors suggest the ecotoxicological community would be better served by the formation of a subdiscipline of “statistical ecotoxicology,” where professional statisticians and ecotoxicologists work in unison. As it currently stands, statistical developments in ecotoxicology are not necessarily undertaken or peer-reviewed by professional statisticians, a situation that has no doubt contributed to the lack of real progress on important recommendations such as the phasing out of no-observed-effect concentrations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1337–1339. © 2016 SETAC
Coupling the WRF model with a temperature index model based on remote sensing for snowmelt simulations in a river basin in the Altay Mountains, north‐west China
Authors: Wu Xuejiao , Shen Yongping , Wang Ninglian , Pan Xiaoduo , Zhang Wei , He Jianqiao , Wang Guoya
Published: May 2016

Snowmelt water is an important freshwater resource in the Altay Mountains in north‐west China; however, warming climate and rapid spring snowmelt can cause floods that endanger both public and personal property and safety. This study simulates snowmelt in the Kayiertesi River catchment using a temperature index model based on remote sensing coupled with high‐resolution meteorological data obtained from National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis fields that were downscaled using the Weather Research Forecasting model and then bias corrected using a statistical downscaled model. Validation of the forcing data revealed that the high‐resolution meteorological fields derived from the downscaled NCEP reanalysis were reliable for driving the snowmelt model. Parameters of the temperature index model based on remote sensing were calibrated for spring 2014, and model performance was validated using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer snow cover and snow observations from spring 2012. The results show that the temperature index model based on remote sensing performed well, with a simulation mean relative error of 6.7% and a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.98 in spring 2012 in the river of Altay Mountains. Based on the reliable distributed snow water equivalent simulation, daily snowmelt run‐off was calculated for spring 2012 in the basin. In the study catchment, spring snowmelt run‐off accounts for 72% of spring run‐off and 21% of annual run‐off. Snowmelt is the main source of run‐off for the catchment and should be managed and utilized effectively. The results provide a basis for snowmelt run‐off predictions, so as to prevent snowmelt‐induced floods, and also provide a generalizable approach that can be applied to other remote locations where high‐density, long‐term observational data are lacking. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MicroRNA Control of p53
Authors: Liu Juan , Zhang Cen , Zhao Yuhan , Feng Zhaohui
Published: May 2016

Tumor suppressor p53 plays a central role in tumor suppression. As a transcription factor, p53 mainly exerts its tumor suppressive function through transcriptional regulation of many target genes. To maintain the proper function of p53, p53 protein level and activity are exquisitely controlled by a group of positive and negative regulators in cells. Thus, p53, its regulators, and regulated genes form a complicated p53 signaling network. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of endogenous small non‐coding RNA molecules. miRNAs play an important role in regulation of gene expression by blocking translational protein synthesis and/or degrading target mRNAs. Recent studies have demonstrated that p53 and its network are regulated by miRNAs at multiple levels. Some miRNAs regulate the level and function of p53 through directly targeting p53, whereas some other miRNAs target regulators of p53, such as MDM2 and MDM4, to indirectly regulate the activity and function of p53. On the other hand, p53 also regulates the transcriptional expression and the biogenesis of a group of miRNAs, which contributes to the tumor suppressive function of p53. p53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer. Many tumor‐associated mutant p53, which have “gain‐of‐function” activities in tumorigenesis independently of wild type p53, can regulate the expression of different miRNAs and modulate the biogenesis of specific miRNAs to promote tumorigenesis. These findings have demonstrated that miRNAs are important regulators and mediators of p53 and its signaling pathway, which highlights a pivotal role of miRNAs in the p53 network and cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 7–14, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ascorbic Acid Induces Necrosis in Human Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma via ROS, PKC, and Calcium Signaling
Authors: Baek Min‐Woo , Cho Heui‐Seung , Kim Sun‐Hun , Kim Won‐Jae , Jung Ji‐Yeon
Published: May 2016

Ascorbic acid induces apoptosis, autophagy, and necrotic cell death in cancer cells. We investigated the mechanisms by which ascorbic acid induces death in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma Hep2 cells. Ascorbic acid markedly reduced cell viability and induced death without caspase activation and an increase in cytochrome c. Hep2 cells exposed to ascorbic acid exhibited membrane rupture and swelling, the morphological characteristics of necrotic cell death. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was increased in Hep2 cells treated with ascorbic acid, and pretreatment with N‐acetylcysteine blocked ascorbic acid‐induced cell death. Ascorbic acid also stimulated protein kinase C (PKC) signaling, especially PKC α/β activation, and subsequently increased cytosolic calcium levels. However, ascorbic acid‐induced necrotic cell death was inhibited by Ro‐31‐8425 (PKC inhibitor) and BAPTA‐AM (cytosolic calcium‐selective chelator). ROS scavenger NAC inhibited PKC activation induced by ascorbic acid and Ro‐31‐8425 suppressed the level of cytosolic calcium increased by ascorbic acid, indicating that ROS is represented as an upstream signal of PKC pathway and PKC activation leads to the release of calcium into the cytosol, which ultimately regulates the induction of necrosis in ascorbic acid‐treated Hep2 cells. These data demonstrate that ascorbic acid induces necrotic cell death through ROS generation, PKC activation, and cytosolic calcium signaling in Hep2 cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 417–425, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Potential of pine needles for PLA‐based composites
Authors: Sinha Priyasheel , Mathur Smita , Sharma Pradeep , Kumar Vijai
Published: May 2016

The article describes the mechanical properties of biodegradable composites. The composites were made using biodegradable plastics like polylactic acid reinforced with Pinus roxburghii needles. The composites were characterized by their tensile strength, flexural strength, Rockwell hardness, thermal stability, and FTIR analysis as well as morphological and water absorption behavior. The composites possessed high tensile and flexural strength on addition of 8.77% fibers. The tensile and flexural strength increased 1.7 and 3.5 times, respectively, in comparison to virgin PLA. Biodegradation studies revealed that the composites have the capability to degrade in the natural environment. These results reveal that pine needles can be prospective candidates for use in natural fiber‐reinforced polymer composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:1339–1349, 2018. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers
Synaptic proteins predict cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease and Lewy body dementia
Authors: Bereczki Erika , Francis Paul T. , Howlett David , Pereira Joana B. , Höglund Kina , Bogstedt Anna , Cedazo‐Minguez Angel , Baek Jean‐Ha , Hortobágyi Tibor , Attems Johannes , Ballard Clive , Aarsland Dag
Published: May 2016

Introduction

Our objective was to compare the levels of three synaptic proteins involved in different steps of the synaptic transmission: Rab3A, SNAP25, and neurogranin, in three common forms of dementia: Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and Parkinson's disease dementia.

Methods

A total of 129 postmortem human brain samples were analyzed in brain regional specific manner exploring their associations with morphologic changes and cognitive decline.

Results

We have observed robust changes reflecting synaptic dysfunction in all studied dementia groups. There were significant associations between the rate of cognitive decline and decreased levels of Rab3 in DLB in the inferior parietal lobe and SNAP25 in AD in the prefrontal cortex. Of particular note, synaptic proteins significantly discriminated between dementia cases and controls with over 90% sensitivity and specificity.

Discussion

Our findings suggest that the proposition that synaptic markers can predict cognitive decline in AD, should be extended to Lewy body diseases.