bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the EORTC QLQ-BR45 to Assess Health-Related Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Ehab Barakat H. , Hussein R.R.S. , Abdullah Elberry A. , Ahmed Zaki M. , Elsherbiny Ramadan M.
Published: April 2022

Background

The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-BR23 is considered a premier module for breast cancer patients that is utilised synchronously with the core questionnaire. However, new and scalable treatments on breast cancer patients’ quality of life (QoL) need a more accurate and comprehensive tool to be assessed. Therefore, the EORTC introduced the newly updated module EORTC QLQ-BR45. Hence, the current study aims to perform cultural adaptation, pilot testing and assessment of the psychometric properties of the Egyptian Arabic translation of the EORTC QLQ-BR45 module on Egyptian breast cancer patients.

Patients and Methods

First, a review of the existing Arabic translation and the modified preliminary translation was sent to a professional proofreader. Then, comprehensibility of the Egyptian Arabic translation was pilot tested on a sample of 13 breast cancer patients. Afterwards, 74 patients with proven locally advanced breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy at Beni-Suef University Hospital, Beni-Suef, Egypt were interviewed. A second interview was conducted post-surgery for patients receiving target therapy, endocrine therapy or radiotherapy. The psychometric properties of the EORTC QLQ-BR45 were assessed in terms of reliability, convergent and divergent validity.

Results

Adequate internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s α coefficients >0.7) was demonstrated for the questionnaire, except for body image scale (α = 0.51) and systemic therapy side effects scale (α = 0.63). Multi-trait scaling analysis exhibited acceptable convergent and divergent validity, and scaling success was observed for all questionnaire items.

Conclusion

The Egyptian Arabic version of the EORTC QLQ-BR45 module is valid and adequately reliable. These results support using the EORTC QLQ-BR45 in future breast cancer clinical trials.
The influence of MXenes on the mechanical, antistatic, and heat-resistant properties of CF/PI composites
Authors: Jian Li
Published: April 2022

Carbon fiber (CF) and MXene were filled in polyimide (PI) to prepare the CF/MXene/PI composite by compression molding. High-resistance meter, thermal conductivity tester, and scanning electron microscope were used to study the antistatic performance, thermal performance, and mechanical performance of the CF/MXene/PI composite, and the effect of heat treatment on the composite’s mechanical properties is discussed. The results show that when the mass fractions of CF and MXene increase, the tensile strength and impact strength of CF/PI and CF/MXene/PI composites all show a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. And when the mass fractions of CF and MXene are 15% and 3%, respectively, the performance of the CF/MXene/PI composite is better. The thermal conductivity of the CF/MXene/PI composite shows an increase with increase in the mass fraction of MXene. Heat treatment affects the mechanical properties of the CF/MXene/PI composite. When the treatment temperature is >240°C, the tensile strength and impact strength of the composite do not change much.
Vocalista Harmonic Choir: Konsep dan Peran Show Choir Paduan Suara
Authors: Widodo Tri Wahyu , Tjaroko Winarjo Sigro , Setyawan Ferlian Anggy
Published: April 2022

Fenomena Show Choir merupakan hal yang menarik dalam proses perkembangan sebuah kegiatan bermusik dalam bentuk paduan suara. Paduan suara merupakan proses musikal dalam bermain musik dengan cara menggabungkan beberapa suara yaitu Sopran, Alto, Tenor, dan Bass atau biasa disingkat dengan SATB. Proses olah suara dalam bentuk paduan suara sudah banyak diteliti, akan tetapi untuk proses pengolahan paduan suara sebagai pertunjukan yang menggunakan kososep Show Choir masih sangat jarang untuk dibahas. Istilah Show Choir muncul saat perlombaan pertunjukan paduan suara dan saat ini menjadi sebuah fenomena dalam festival paduan suara. Konsep Show Choir dapat membentuk sebuah paduan suara menjadi pertunjukan yang menarik jadi sangat penting bila diaplikasikan pada bagian proses pembelajaran paduan suara. Fenomena Show Choir biasanya dilakukan pada saat kompetisi atau lomba paduan suara. Jadi sangat perlu bagaimana untuk mengetahui sebuah konsep Show Choir pada paduan suara dalam festival choir. Konsep Show Choir sangat bermanfaat bagi para pemusik yang menggeluti bidang paduan suara. Selain itu memahami sebuah konsep Show Choir juga bermanfaat membentuk sebuah penampilan musik yang berupa paduan suara lebih menarik dan perlu diterapkan pada sebuah pembelajaran musik pada paduan suara baik untuk peserta didik baik tingkat anak-anak hingga tingkat professional, formal maupun non formalAbstractThe Show Choir phenomenon is an interesting thing in the process of developing a musical activity in the form of a choir. The choir is a musical process in playing music by combining several sounds namely Soprano, Alto, Tenor, and Bass or commonly abbreviated as SATB. The process of choir processing in the form of choirs has widely studied, but for the process of choir processing as a performance that uses the Show Choir concept is still very rare to be discussed. The term Show Choir emerged during the choir performance competition and is now a phenomenon in the choir festival. The concept of Show Choir can form a choir into an interesting show, so it is very important when applied to the choir learning process. The Show Choir phenomenon is usually carried out during a choir competition or competition. So it is very necessary how to find out a Show Choir concept on choir in choir festival. The concept of Show Choir is very useful for musicians who are in the field of choir. Besides understanding a Show Choir concept it is also useful to form a musical performance in the form of choir which is more interesting and needs to applied to music learning in the choir both for students at the level of children to professional, formal and non-formal.Keywords: show choir; choir; show
Penerapan Sistem Equal Temperament pada Penalaan Piano di Yogyakarta
Authors: Sitorus Eritha Rohana , Kustap Kustap , Subekti Alief Aditya
Published: April 2022

This study examines the equal temperament theory on the piano strings tuning methods and their application. The problem raised in this study is how the theory is applied in tuning the pianos in Yogyakarta? To uncover the problem, this study utilizes a theoretical method by confirming the approaches that have been used by two piano tuners in Yogyakarta to the theories about piano tuning. The purpose of this study was to obtain knowledge about the application of the equal temperament principles in piano tuning in Yogyakarta. This study concludes that although all piano tuners were based their tuning on the theory of equal temperament with varied approaches and techniques ear sensitivity has a very important role.Penelitian ini menguji teori equal temperament pada metode penalaan dawai piano dan aplikasinya. Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana teori tersebut diterapkan dalam penalaan piano di Yogyakarta? Untuk mengungkap masalah tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan metode teoritikal, yaitu dengan mengkonfirmasi pendekatan yang telah digunakan oleh dua orang penala piano di Yogyakarta dengan teori-teori tentang penalaan piano. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh pengetahuan tentang penerapan prinsip-prinsip equal temperament dalam penalaan piano di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun semua piano tuner mendasarkan penalaan mereka pada teori temperamen yang sama dengan berbagai variasi pendekatan dan teknik, pada kenyataannya sensitivitas telinga memiliki peran yang sangat penting.
Pertunjukan Musik dalam Perspektif Ekomusikologi
Authors: De Fretes Daniel , Listiowati Nensi
Published: April 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menelaah pertunjukan musik dari perspektif ekomusikologi sebagai refleksi dari pergeseran pertunjukan yang terjadi selama masa pandemi covid 19. Tatanan baru di era pandemi mengubah kodrat pertunjukan dari alam nyata ke jagat maya. Ekomusikologi adalah persinggungan diantara kajian musik dan kajian ekologi yang mengelaborasi bidang kajian musik, budaya, dan lingkungan secara multiperspektif. Studi kasus dalam kajian ini adalah konser serenade bunga bangsa di Auditorium Driyarkara Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan kerangka analisis ekomusikologi pertunjukan musik yang dirumuskan Bolye & Waterman yaitu faktor-faktor yang mendasari gestur sonik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan interdependen diantara setiap komponen pertunjukkan. Perubahan lanskap pertunjukan yang terjadi adalah konsekuensi dari sifat alamiah sistem jejaring yaitu dinamika non-linear, kemunculan spontan dan siklus umpan-balik. Kesadaran ekologi mendorong umat manusia sebagai bagian dari alam semesta untuk menyelami dan beradaptasi terhadap berbagai perubahan. Ini dapat dicapai melalui kolaborasi secara kooperatif, kreatif, dan inovatif diantara komunitas-komunitas dalam jejaring pertunjukan musik guna merawat budaya musik yang berkelanjutan.AbstractThis article aims to examine musical performances from an ecomusicological perspective as a reflection of the shifts in performances that occurred during the Covid 19 pandemic. The new order in the pandemic era has changed the nature of performances from the real world to the virtual world. Ecomusicology is an intersection between music studies and ecological studies that elaborates the fields of music, culture, and environment studies in a multi-perspective. The case study in this study is Konser Serenade Bunga Bangsa at the Driyarkara Auditorium, Yogyakarta. This study uses a musical performance ecomusicological analysis framework formulated by Bolye & Waterman, namely the factors that underlie sonic gestures. The results showed that there was an interdependent relationship between each performance component. Changes in the performance landscape that occur are a consequence of the nature of the network system, namely non-linear dynamics, spontaneous emergence and feedback cycles. Ecological awareness encourages humankind as part of the universe to explore and adapt to various changes. This can be achieved through cooperative, creative, and innovative collaboration among communities in music performance networks to nurture a sustainable musical culture.Keywords: ecomusicology; musical performance; environment; interdependent
Teknik Iringan Musik dalam Komposisi Gerak Tari Oncer Lombok Tengah
Authors: Murcahyanto Hary - , Yuliatin Riyana Rizki , Rosani Erli Mita
Published: April 2022

Tari Oncer merupakan salah satu kesenian tari tradisional yang terus dijaga dan dilestarikan oleh  warga Desa Puyung Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Nama Tari Oncer diambil berdasarkan gerakan pokok tarian yang menyerupai gerakan ikan Sepat yang sedang berenang atau dalam bahasa Sasak disebut Pepait Ngoncer. Salah satu keunikan tarian ini adalah memiliki komposisi gerak yang berbeda dengan tarian yang ada di daerah tersebut. Selain itu tarian ini juga menggunakan iringan yang berbeda pada setiap gerakannya.Tulisan ini berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan komposisi gerak dan teknik iringan Tari Oncer di Desa Puyung Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah Tari Oncer itu sendiri yang meliputi komposisi gerak dan teknik iringan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara 1) observasi, 2) wawancara, dan 3) dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan 1) reduksi data, 2) penyajian data, dan 3) penarikan kesimpulan. Untuk memeriksa keabsahan data dilakukan dengan teknik validitas data yaitu dengan teknik trianggulasi.Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa: 1) komposisi gerak tari Oncer, meliputi: ragam gerak, dan pola lantai. 2) teknik iringan gerak tari Oncer terdiri dari a) hitungan ragam gerak tari Oncer; b) iringan musik tari Oncer; dan 3) alat musik tari Oncer.AbstractMusical Accompaniment Technique in Dance Composition Oncer Central Lombok. Oncer dance is one of the traditional dance arts continuously maintained and preserved by Puyung Village, Central Lombok Regency. The name Oncer Dance is taken based on the main dance movements that resemble the movements of the Sepat fish swimming or in the Sasak language; it is called Pepait Ngoncer. One of the uniqueness of this dance is that it has a different movement composition from the dances in the area. In addition, this dance also uses various accompaniments in each of its movements. This paper is based on the research results that aim to describe the composition and accompaniment techniques of the Oncer Dance in Puyung Village, Central Lombok Regency. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The object of this research is the Oncer Dance itself which includes the composition of the motion and accompaniment technique. Data collection is done by 1) observation, 2) interviews, and 3) documentation. Data analysis was performed by 1) data reduction, 2) data presentation, and 3) concluding the validity of the data for the check; the data validity technique was used, namely the triangulation technique. The study results found that: 1) the composition of the Oncer dance, including various movements and floor patterns. 2) the technique of accompaniment of the Oncer dance consists of a) a count of the variety of Oncer dance movements; b) Oncer dance music accompaniment; and 3) Oncer dance musical instrument.Keywords: Motion Composition, Traditional Dance, Oncer Dance, Accompaniment Techniques
Proses Pembelajaran Teknik Melismatis dalam Repertoar Messiah Karya G.F. Handel pada Mata Kuliah Ensambel Vokal
Authors: Sitinjak Linda , Hutagalung Shinta P.D. , Widodo Tri Wahyu
Published: April 2022

Mata kuliah Ensambel vokal di Jurusan Musik Fakultas Seni Pertunjukan Institut Seni Indonesia pada semester genap mempunyai tingkat kesulitan yang lebih tinggi dari pada semester gasal. Alasannya adalah karena pada semester gasal mahasiswa sudah beradaptasi dengan mata kuliah pendukung lain yaitu teori musik, solfegio, dan harmoni. Mahasiswa yang menempuh mata kuliah ini tidak hanya berasal dari mahasiswa instrumen mayor vokal saja, namun berasal dari instrumen yang lainnya. Oleh sebab itu ketika mereka menyanyikan sebuah lagu, masih terdengar suara yang masih belum terbentuk dengan baik dan benar, terlebih ketika menyanyikan melodi melismatis yang panjang. Maka dari itu repertoar yang mempunyai melodi melismatis panjang menjadi repertoar wajib pada semester genap.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengajarkan seluruh mahasiswa yang mengambil mata kuliah ensambel vokal dapat menyanyikan melodi melismatis dengan baik dan benar. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas.  Dimana peneliti juga bertindak sebagai pengajar untuk mengidentifikasi penelitian kelas dan memahami apa yang sedang terjadi, serta terlibat dalam proses perbaikan. Penerapan teknik vokal staccato, legato dan aksen menjadi jawaban ketika diperhadapkan dengan repertoar yang mempunyai melodi melismatis. AbstractMelismatic Technique Learning Process in Repertoire Messiah by G.F. Handel on Vocal Ensemble Courses. The vocal ensemble course in the Department of Music, Faculty of Performing Arts, the Indonesian Institute of the Arts in the even semester has a difficulty level that is more than the odd semester. The reason is that in odd semesters students have adapted to supporting subjects such as music theory, solfeggio, and harmony. Students who take this course come not only from major vocal instrument students but consist of all other instruments so that when they sing a song, there is still a sound that is still raw and has not been formed properly and correctly, especially when faced with a melody. melismatic length. Therefore, a repertoire that has a long melismatic melody becomes a mandatory repertoire in the even semester. The purpose of this study is to teach all students who take vocal ensemble courses to sing melismatic melodies properly and correctly. The research method used is the Classroom Action Research method. Where the researcher also acts as a teacher to identify classroom research and understand what is going on, while being involved in the improvement process. The application of staccato, legato and accent vocal techniques is the answer when faced with a repertoire that has a melismatic melody.Keywords: Melismatic, Messiah, Vocal Ensemble
Pertunjukan Musik Berdah di Desa Muarojambi Provinsi Jambi: Sebuah Kajian Bentuk dan Fungsi
Authors: Gunawan Indra , Hidayat Muhammad Taufiq
Published: April 2022

Berdah merupakan salah satu seni pertunjukan di daerah Muaro Jambi yang dikategorikan kedalam seni musik. Penyajiannya berisikan puji-pujian terhadap Nabi Muhammad SAW. Seni pertunjukan yang bersifat hiburan serta berisikan pesan-pesan moral, agama dan nasehat-nasehat dalam masyarakat sekitar. Alat musik yang digunakan berupa gendang berdah dan gong. Musik berdah disajikan dalam garapan bentuk monofonik, frase dan kalimat melodi memiliki jumlah birama yang berbeda-beda, akibat improvisasi vokal disesuaikan panjang pendeknya nafas si penyanyi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dan membahas bentuk serta fungsi musik berdah dalam kehidupan masyarakat Muarojambi Kecamatan Maro Sebo Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif yang dilakukan melalui tiga tahap pengumpulan data yaitu, studi pustaka, observasi dan wawancara. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini, menunjukan bahwa bentuk melodi musik berdah bersifat progresif, teks syair musik berdah berisikan puji-pujian terhadap nabi Muhammad SAW, dan dalam kehidupan masyarakat Muarojambi musik berdah berfungsi sebagai pengungkapan emosional, hiburan, komunikasi, kesinambungan kebudayaan dan pengintegrasian masyarakatAbstractBerdah Music Performance in Muarojambi Village, Jambi Province: A Study of Form and Function. Berdah is one of the performing arts in Daearah Muaro Jambi, which is categorized into music art. The presentation contains praises of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. Performing arts that are entertainment and have moral messages, religions and advice in the surrounding community. Musical instruments are used in the form of drums and gongs. The song music is presented in a monophonic form. Melodic phrases and sentences have different numbers of measure due to improvised vocals adjusting the shortness of the singer's breath. This research aims to study and discuss the form and function of music in the life of the people of Muarojambi District Maro Sebo Muaro Jambi Regency. The method used in this study is a qualitative method carried out through three stages of data collection, namely, library studies, observations and interviews. The results obtained from this study showed that the melodic form of music is progressive. The text of the song music verse contains praises to the prophet Muhammad. In the life of the Muarojambi community, music has served as emotional disclosure, entertainment, communication, cultural continuity and integration of society.Keywords: performing arts form; Berdah music; Muaro Jambi.
Estrategia de desarrollo de proveedores de una empacadora de aguacate (Persea americana Mill) cultivar Hass en Michoacán, México
Authors: Espejel-García Anastacio , Ramírez-García Adán Guillermo , León Balderrama Jorge Inés , Barrera-Rodríguez Ariadna Isabel
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: analizar la red de valor de una empacadora de aguacate en Zitácuaro para proponer un esquema de desarrollo de proveedores que contribuya a mejorar su competitividad. Metodología: se empleó la red de valor como herramienta de análisis en torno a la empresa empacadora y se utilizó un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple. Resultados: los resultados indican que existen tres estratos de productores (proveedores) en la región en función del nivel tecnológico. Si bien todos los estratos registran utilidades existen diferencias respecto al volumen y los precios. Los productores registraron un INAI mayor a 50 % en las categorías de sanidad y cosecha, sin embargo, existen rezagos en lo relacionado a organización y administración. El modelo de regresión lineal múltiple con un valor de R2 = 0.87 determinó que las variables explicativas de la rentabilidad son: superficie cosechada, rendimiento y el índice de innovación de organización. Limitaciones: es un estudio aplicable para una empresa en particular, establecida en una región especifica. Conclusiones: la estrategia de desarrollo de proveedores de la agroindustria deberá considerar el establecimiento de alianzas (integración, organización e innovación) con los proveedores, para asegurar el abasto de materia de prima en tiempo y forma y la calidad que demandan los mercados actuales, así como fortalecer la vinculación con agentes complementadores, sin dejar de analizar continuamente a los competidores y las tendencias del mercado del aguacate.
COMPUTATIONAL MODEL FOR HEART TISSUE WITH DIRECT USE OF EXPERIMENTAL CONSTITUTIVE RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Kojić Miloš , Milošević Miljan , Milićević Bogdan , Geroski Vlada , Simić Vlada , Trifunović D. , Stanković G. , Filipović Nenad
Published: April 2022

Heart wall tissue plays a crucial role in living organisms by generating the mechanical force for blood flow. This tissue has a complex internal structure comprised mostly of muscle cells, in which biochemical energy is transformed into mechanical active stress under rhythmical electrical excitation. The overall heart functioning depends, among other physiological conditions, on the mechanical properties of the tissue. Over the past centuries, experimental and theoretical investigations have been conducted in order to establish the constitutive laws governing wall tissue behavior. Regarding computational modeling, many material models have been introduced, from simple elastic anisotropic to more sophisticated ones, based on various formulations of strain potentials. We here present a novel computational model that directly employs experimental constitutive relationships. Therefore, we avoid any fitting of material parameters for a selected analytical form of the constitutive law. Hysteretic characteristics of the tissue are included, as well as either incompressibility or compressibility according to experimentally determined curves. Deformation is split into deviatoric and volumetric parts in order to handle compressibility. The correctness and accuracy of the model is demonstrated through simple cases for loading and unloading conditions. Furthermore, the model was implemented for left ventricle (LV) deformation, where the FE mesh was generated from echocardiography recordings. Here, a specific algorithm, which accounts for LV torsion, was introduced to determine trajectories of material points on the internal LV surface. Hysteresis of the constitutive curves was used to calculate mechanical energy of LV wall tissue deformation. For completeness, the fluid flow within the LV was computed as well.
HEAT TRANSFER TO A BOILING LIQUID – NUMERICAL STUDY
Authors: Stojanović Andrijana , Belošević Srđan , Crnomarković Nenad , Tomanović Ivan , Milićević Aleksandar
Published: April 2022

Due to extensive research efforts within the past thirty years, the mechanisms by which bubbles transfer energy during pool boiling are relatively well understood and have various applications in reactors, rockets, distillation, air separation, refrigeration and power cycles. In this paper, CFD analysis of heat transfer characteristics in nucleate pool boiling of saturated water in atmospheric conditions is performed in order to find out the influence of heat flux intensity on pool boiling dynamics. The investigation is carried out for four cases of different heat flux intensities and obtained results for velocity fields of liquid and void fractions are discussed. Grid independent test is also performed to improve the accuracy of calculation. In this way, complete picture of two-phase mixture behaviour on heated wall is represented.
EXACT AUGMENTED PERPETUAL MANIFOLDS: A COROLLARY FOR THEIR UNIQUENESS
Authors: Georgiades Fotios
Published: April 2022

The perpetual points have been defined recently as characteristic points in a dynamical system. In many unexcited linear and nonlinear mechanical systems, the perpetual points are associated with rigid body motions and form the perpetual manifolds. The mechanical systems that admit rigid body motions as solutions are called perpetual. In the externally forced mechanical system, the definition of perpetual points to the exact augmented perpetual manifolds extended. The exact augmented perpetual manifolds are associated with the rigid body motion of mechanical systems but with externally excited. The definition of the exact augmented perpetual manifolds leads to a theorem that defines the conditions of an externally forced mechanical system to be moving as a rigid body. Therefore, it defines the conditions of excitation of only this specific type of similar modes, the rigid body modes. Herein, as a continuation of the theorem, a corollary is written and proved. It mainly states that the exact augmented perpetual manifolds for each mechanical system are not unique and are infinite. In an example of a mechanical system, the theory is applied by considering different excitation forces in two-time intervals. The numerical simulations with the analytical solutions are in excellent agreement, which is certifying the corollary. Further, due to the different solutions in the two-time intervals, there is a discontinuity in the vector field and the system's overall solution. Therefore, the state space formed by the exact augmented perpetual manifold is nonsmooth. This work is the first step in examining the exact augmented perpetual manifolds of mechanical systems. Further work is needed to understand them, which mathematical space they belong to, considering that nonsmooth functions might form them.
GEOMETRIC OPTIMIZATION OF TRANSITION ZONES BASED ON BIOMIMETICS PRINCIPLES
Authors: Atanasovska Ivana D. , Momčilović Dejan B.
Published: April 2022

The basic definitions and a history of the development of biomimetics as a discipline that considers nature-inspired design are presented in this paper. The discussion and the results of the application of principles of nature-inspired design in machine elements design are given. The fact that transition zones that Nature chose and designed on trees in many cases survived for more than a hundred years, resisting on the various and variable external loads and other external conditions, is considered. Presented case study used the nature-inspired transition shapes in the research of innovative design and geometric optimization of transition zones of high-loaded shafts. The comparative Finite Element Analysis is performed for a particular transition zone with traditional engineering design, as well as with nature-inspired design. The conclusions about the increase of load capacity that is obtained with innovative biomimetics design are discussed.
PARAMETRIC INVESTIGATION OF BAND GAP EFFECTS IN CHIRAL MICROSTRUCTURES
Authors: Koutsianitis Panagiotis , Tairidis Georgios K. , Kougkoulos Alexandros , Stavroulakis Georgios E.
Published: April 2022

Vibration suppression has been thoroughly studied in the last few years. A number of methods has been proposed for this purpose. An evolving method lies in the search of band gap regions, that is, certain frequency ranges where vibrations are isolated. In the present investigation, a periodic unit cell of a chiral metamaterial has been created in order to study its dynamic behavior and how this affects the wave propagation into a lattice structure consisting of repeated chiral microstructures. Each cell represents a composite structure consisted by a soft matrix with hard connector wings and a circular core. The system is studied by plane stress finite elements. The design parameters of the structure that define the shape and the material are modified in order to study the changes at the appearance of the band gap areas. In addition, results of the dynamic response of the structure in the frequency domain will be presented in order to show the magnitude of the vibration reduction that can be achieved in a specific frequency range.
FSI ANALYSIS WITH CONTINUOUS FLUID FLOW USING FEM AND SPH METHODS IN LS-DYNA
Authors: Topalović Marko , Nikolić Aleksandar , Vulović Snežana , Milovanović Vladimir P.
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this research was to investigate the prospect of continuous flow modelling in LS-DYNA using SPH-FEM coupling. The both methods (SPH and FEM) are based on the continuum mechanics, however, SPH implementation uses Lagrangian material framework, while FEM uses an Eulerian formulation for the fluid analysis, and Lagrangian formulation for the solid analysis. The Lagrangian framework of the SPH means that we need to generate particles at one end, and to destroy them on the other, in order to generate a continuous fluid flow. The simplest way to do this is by using activation and deactivation planes, which is a solution implemented in the commercial LS- DYNA solver. Modelling of continuous fluid flow is practical in mechanical (naval) engineering for hydrofoil analysis and in bioengineering for blood vessel simulations. Results show that velocity fields obtained by SPH-FEM coupling are similar to velocity fields obtained by FEM. FEM only solution has a clear advantage in regards to execution time, however, SPH-FEM coupling offers greater insight into fluid structure interaction, that justifies the extra computational cost.
Anal Sphincter Muscle Activity Changes in Women after Delivery. Doctoral Thesis
Authors:   ,   Rīga Stradiņš University, Začesta Vita
Published: April 2022

An episiotomy is one of the most common surgical interventions in obstetrics. Mediolateral episiotomy is usually performed on the right side. Recent advances in pelvic floor electromyography (EMG) allow to perform functional analysis of external anal sphincter with a minimally invasive anal probe. An individual asymmetry of the sphincter exists, and it is strongly associated with postpartum incontinence, primarily when the trauma occurs on the dominant side of innervation. This Thesis aims to evaluate the external anal sphincter innervation zone distribution and EMG amplitude before and after delivery and to observe the effect of episiotomy on changes of sphincter innervation. The study is a prospective cohort study. Three hundred pregnant women were recruited to the study, and two surface EMG measurement sessions (before and 6–8 weeks after delivery) with multichannel cylindrical anal probes were performed. One hundred women participated in the third measurement session at one-year follow-up. The distribution of innervation zones and global EMG signal amplitude average rectified value was assessed, and the amplitude asymmetry index was calculated. The outcomes were compared before and after delivery between different delivery types (caesarean section, mediolateral episiotomy, spontaneous lacerations and intact perineum) and according to the asymmetry index. Additionally, the anal incontinence score was evaluated before and after delivery. The results showed a significant reduction of innervation zones in the right ventral quadrant after delivery with right side episiotomy. After delivery, a significant decrease in global EMG amplitude was observed in women with amplitude asymmetry on the right side and in those who underwent mediolateral right episiotomy. The incontinence score slightly but not significantly increased 6–8 weeks after the delivery in 20 % of caesarean and 30 % of vaginal deliveries. The main conclusions of the study are that 1) episiotomy reduces external anal sphincter muscle activity, 2) multichannel surface electromyography is a promising method to analyse the anal sphincter activity. EMG signals detected during pregnancy could be used to decide the optimal side of episiotomy, thus reducing the damage to the sphincter innervation caused by the episiotomy itself.
Anālā sfinktera muskuļa aktivitātes izmaiņas sievietēm pēc dzemdībām. Promocijas darba kopsavilkums
Authors:   ,   Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, Začesta Vita
Published: April 2022

Anālā sfinktera muskuļa aktivitātes izmaiņas sievietēm pēc dzemdībām Epiziotomija ir viena no biežākajām ķirurģiskajām manipulācijām dzemdniecībā. Mediolaterālo epiziotomiju parasti veic labajā pusē. Jaunākie atklājumi iegurņa pamatnes elektromiogrāfijā (EMG) ļauj veikt ārējā anāla sfinktera funkcionālu analīzi ar minimāli invazīvu anālo detektoru. Pastāv funkcionāla sfinktera asimetrija, un tā ir cieši saistīta ar inkontinenci sievietēm pēc dzemdībām, īpaši tad, ja trauma bijusi dominējošajā inervācijas pusē. Darba mērķis ir novērtēt ārējā anālā sfinktera inervācijas zonu sadalījumu un EMG signālu amplitūdu pirms un pēc dzemdībām, kā arī noteikt epiziotomijas ietekmi uz anālā sfinktera inervācijas izmaiņām. Šis ir prospektīvs kohortas pētījums, kurā tika iekļautas trīssimt grūtnieces, kas piedalījās divās EMG mērījumu sesijās (grūtniecības 3. trimestrī un 6–8 nedēļas pēc dzemdībām). Trešajā mērījumu sesijā, kas notika gadu pēc dzemdībām, piedalījās simts sieviešu. EMG mērījumus veica ar cilindriskiem daudzkanālu anāliem detektoriem. Tika novērtēts inervācijas zonu sadalījums un globālās EMG signālu amplitūdas vidējā rektificētā vērtība, un noteikts amplitūdas asimetrijas indekss. Rezultātus salīdzināja pirms un pēc dzemdībām starp šādām grupām: dzemdības ar ķeizargriezienu, mediolaterālu epiziotomiju, spontāniem plīsumiem, un dzemdībām bez plīsumiem, kā arī un atbilstoši asimetrijas indeksam. Novērtēja arī anālās inkontinences skalu pirms un pēc dzemdībām. Rezultāti liecina par ievērojamu inervācijas zonu samazināšanos labās puses ventrālajā kvadrantā pēc dzemdībām ar labās puses epiziotomiju. Ievērojama globālās EMG amplitūdas samazināšanās pēc dzemdībām tika novērota sievietēm, kurām bija amplitūdas asimetrija dominējoši labajā pusē un kurām dzemdībās veica mediolaterālu labās puses epiziotomiju. Anālās inkontinences rādītāji nedaudz, bet ne statistiski ticami, pieauga 6–8 nedēļas pēc ķeizargrieziena dzemdībām 20 % un pēc vaginālo dzemdībām 30 % sieviešu. Šā pētījuma galvenie secinājumi ir šādi: pirmkārt, epiziotomija samazina ārējā anālā sfinktera muskuļa aktivitāti, otrkārt, daudzkanālu virsmas elektromiogrāfija ir daudzsološa metode ārējās anālās sfinktera aktivitātes analīzei, un grūtniecības laikā reģistrētos EMG signālus varētu izmantot, lai noteiktu epiziotomijas grieziena optimālo pusi, tādējādi samazinot epiziotomijas iespējami radītos inervācijas bojājumus.
Recomendações para contenção de riscos biológicos para atividades de ensino baseado em simulação durante e após a pandemia pela Covid-19
Authors: Brandão Carolina Felipe Soares , Guimarães Helio Penna , Bergamasco Ellen Cristina , Fonseca Ariadne da Silva , Santos Thiago Martins , Couto Thomaz Bittencourt , Cecilio-Fernandes Dario
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Descrever recomendações para contenção de riscos biológicos durante e após a pandemia pela Covid-19 em ambientes simulados em território brasileiro. Relato de experiência: Baseado nas recomendações da literatura nacional e internacionais, associadas as experiências vivenciadas pelos profissionais de saúde que exercem o ensino baseado em simulação, oriundas das Associações de Medicina de Emergência (ABRAMEDE) e de Simulação em Saúde (ABRASSIM), se considera relevante focar e descrever a implementação de controles primários de saúde pública, onze temáticas específicas e três normas gerais de biossegurança. Considerações finais: Há poucas diretrizes publicadas em relação à segurança de treinamentos presenciais com simulação. A descrição de protocolos por si só, não consegue ser absorvidas na rotina sem que haja treinamento e entendimento de mudanças nas condutas. Não há questionamentos que o ensino baseado em simulação têm o potencial para apoiar todos os profissionais de saúde envolvidos na crise da Covid-19, mas também em pandemias potencialmente semelhantes.
O que há de atual sobre regeneração óssea guiada em odontologia: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Anjos Lucas Menezes dos , Rocha Aurélio de Oliveira , Santos Rafaela de Menezes dos Anjos , Meneses Júnior Nailson Silva , Lima Thaine Oliveira , Barbosa Luísa Barichello , Simões Melissa Santos da Silva , Zendron Mariana Perini , Filho Willian José e Silva , Paixão Sândyla Prata
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Relatar os avanços na realização da regeneração óssea guiada, assim como indicar os principais biomateriais utilizados para realização dessa técnica em publicações nos últimos seis anos. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura com artigos publicados na base de dados National Library of Medicine (PubMed) nos últimos seis anos. A busca dos artigos foi feita por meio da combinação dos termos: “Bone Regeneration” AND “Bone Graft” AND “Biocompatible Material” AND “Dentistry” AND “Alveolar Bone Graft”. Resultados: Foram selecionados 13 artigos, 6 analisaram o ganho ósseo por meio da hidroxiapatita, 3 utilizaram xenoenxertos e o enxerto autógeno e alógeno formam analisados por dois estudos cada. Membranas reabsorvíveis e plasma rico em plaquetas também foram associados a enxerto ósseo para promover regeneração. Considerações finais: A combinação de enxertos ósseos sintéticos ou não com membranas reabsorvíveis ou com plasma rico em plaquetas tem mostrado resultados favoráveis e confiáveis na promoção óssea.
Distúrbio da ansiedade e impacto nutricional: obesidade e compulsividade alimentar
Authors: Silva Joyce Danyelle Moreno Da , Gomes Alue Marcolino , Carvalho Raynara Almeida , Boneto Yan Gabriel Rosa , Oaskes Carlos Augusto Alves Vieira , Teixeira Gabriel Henrique Nunes Reis , Pereira Danilo Anderson , Leandro Delaide Marinho , Carvalho Juliana Pereira de , Fernandes Lidia Jacinta Nunes
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Compreender o impacto do transtorno de ansiedade na saúde nutricional dos indivíduos. Revisão bibliográfica: A relação direta da ansiedade com a compulsão alimentar é um tema muito discutido e presenciado na atualidade, e pode acometer pessoas de qualquer idade, principalmente aqueles que sofrem de ansiedade recorrente patológica. A ingestão de alimentos calóricos de maneira obsessiva, por indivíduos ansiosos, pode levar ao surgimento de doenças metabólicas crônica, como a obesidade. Isso acontece devido a um desequilíbrio hormonal e psíquico, na qual o indivíduo para tentar fugir de sensações desagradáveis passa a ingerir uma grande quantidade de comida. Assim, devido ao aumento de casos de ansiedade na sociedade contemporânea, é preciso ficar atento em relação aos hábitos de vida, principalmente em relação a alimentação e estilo de vida diários. Considerações finais: A discussão sobre esse tema é de extrema importância para alertar as pessoas sobre a associação da ansiedade e o descontrole alimentar, e os principais riscos que o conjunto dessas doenças podem resultar na vida de um indivíduo, e as principais condutas que devem ser seguidas.
A Delphi consensus on the nomenclature and diagnosis of lichen planus pigmentosus and related entities
Authors: Sarkar Rashmi , Vinay Keshavamurthy , Bishnoi Anuradha , Poojary Shital , Gupta Monisha , Kumaran Muthu Sendhil , Jain Akshay , Gurumurthy Chethana , Arora Pooja , Kandhari Rajat , Rathi Sanjay , Zawar Vijay , Gupta Vishal , Ravivarma Vignesh Narayan , Rodrigues Michelle , Parsad Davinder
Published: April 2022

Background:

Although well known in clinical practice, research in lichen planus pigmentosus and related dermal pigmentary diseases is restricted due to lack of consensus on nomenclature and disease definition.

Aims and Objectives:

Delphi exercise to define and categorise acquired dermal pigmentary diseases.

Methods:

Core areas were identified including disease definition, etiopathogenesis, risk factors, clinical features, diagnostic methods, treatment modalities and outcome measures. The Delphi exercise was conducted in three rounds.

Results:

Sixteen researchers representing 12 different universities across India and Australia agreed to be part of this Delphi exercise. At the end of three rounds, a consensus of >80% was reached on usage of the umbrella term ‘acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation’. It was agreed that there were minimal differences, if any, among the disorders previously defined as ashy dermatosis, erythema dyschromicum perstans, Riehl’s melanosis and pigmented contact dermatitis. It was also agreed that lichen planus pigmentosus, erythema dyschromicum perstans and ashy dermatosis did not differ significantly apart from the sites of involvement, as historically described in the literature. Exposure to hair colours, sunlight and cosmetics was associated with these disorders in a significant proportion of patients. Participants agreed that both histopathology and dermatoscopy could diagnose dermal pigmentation characteristic of acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation but could not differentiate the individual entities of ashy dermatosis, erythema dyschromicum perstans, Riehl’s melanosis, lichen planus pigmentosus and pigmented contact dermatitis.

Limitations:

A wider consensus involving representatives from East Asian, European and Latin American countries is required.

Conclusion:

Acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation could be an appropriate conglomerate terminology for acquired dermatoses characterised by idiopathic or multifactorial non-inflammatory macular dermal hyperpigmentation.
Kombi-Verdampferanlage zur Ausbildung von Chemiker/-innen und Ingenieur/-innen an der Ingenieurschule beider Basel
Authors: Barblan Men F. , Steinegger Fred
Published: April 2022

A pilot evaporation plant designed and built to train future chemists and process engineers at the Basle State Institute of Technology, Switzerland, is presented and first experiences from running it are discussed.
In Vitro Test Systems for Identifying Potential Chemical Carcinogens
Authors: Becker Roger , Oesch Franz
Published: April 2022

The development of in vitro test systems for evaluating the toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic potential of substances has led to a reduction of animal experiments besides of being better suited for many differentiated mechanistic investigations. In a pre-screening approach,
substances which exhibit the aforementioned characteristics in vitro may be excluded from further studies in vivo. On the other hand, negative results obtained with in vitro test systems cannot be extrapolated to the animal or to the human situation with sufficient certainty.
Thus, if a substance has proven to be nontoxic and non-mutagenic in vitro there is still the need to set up an animal experiment. In this review we report on suborganismic systems which have proven to be useful tools for evaluating the mutagenic and carcinogenic potential of chemicals
which are relevant to human health.
Übergangsmetall-Katalysatoren für die Olefinpolymerisation: 1. Die Niederdrucksynthese von Polyethen
Authors: Mülhaupt Rolf , Rieger Bernhard
Published: April 2022

The preparation of a variety of polyethene products can be accomplished either by radical mechanisms or by transition metal catalyzed polyinsertions of ethene monomers into metal-carbon bonds. The first attempt requires rigorous conditions, like high pressure and high temperature and leads to branched polyolefin products. The catalyzed process can be pelformed at low pressure and at ambient temperature. Variations in the catalyst composition allow an effective control of the polymer parameters, such as molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, and comonomer content. The present review focuses on reaction mechanisms and on the development of high-mileage transition metal catalysts, based on TiIII, ZrIV, and CrII, as active species. The usage of these catalysts in different polymerization processes is discussed with respect to the properties of the resulting polyethene commodities.
Preparation and Catalytic Activity of Boron-Substituted Zirconocenes
Authors: Reetz Manfred T. , Brümmer Hanno , Kessler Magnus , Kuhnigk Jörg
Published: April 2022

Borylated zirconocenes of the type (L2B–C5H4)2ZrCl2 and (L2B–C5H4)(C5H5)ZrCl2 are readily available in two steps. In the polymerization of ethylene and propylene in the presence of AlEt3 or methylalumoxan (MAO), these zirconocenes are more active than the unsubstituted reagent Cp2ZrCl2.
Using auxiliary electrochemical working electrodes as probe during contact glow discharge electrolysis: A proof of concept study
Authors: Engstfeld Albert Kilian , Artmann Evelyn , Forschner Lukas , Jacob Timo
Published: April 2022

Plasma in-liquid by means of anodic contact glow discharge electrolysis (aCGDE) is a grow- ing research ﬁeld allowing the selective modiﬁ- cation of the electrode and the electrolyte. The aim of this proof of concept study is to demon- strate that auxiliary electrochemical electrodes placed in vicinity to the plasma electrode, can be modiﬁed by aCGDE. Furthermore, we illus- trate in how far such auxiliary electrodes can be used as a probe to detect products (in particu- lar H2 , H2O2 , and O2 ) formed in the solution by aCGDE via electrochemical techniques. In this work aCGDE is achieved by applying a voltage of 580 V to a small Pt wire (plasma electrode) vs. a large stainless steel counter electrode. An auxiliary Pt electrochemical working electrode, operated in a three electrode conﬁguration, is placed at diﬀerent distances from the plasma working electrode. Depending on the distance, we ﬁnd small changes in the electrode struc- ture. More importantly, we will show that in principle the local H2 O2 concentration in the electrolyte can be monitored operando. After aCGDE the concentration changes with time and depends on the distance from the plasma electrode.
Towards Efficient Direct Dynamics Studies of Chemical Reactions: A Novel Matrix Completion Algorithm
Authors: Quiton Stephen Jon , Chae Jeongmin , Bac Selin , Kron Kareesa , Mitra Urbashi , Mallikarjun Sharada Shaama
Published: April 2022

This paper describes the development and testing of a polynomial variety-based matrix completion (PVMC) algorithm towards reducing computational effort associated with reaction rate coefficient calculations using variational transition state theory with multidimensional tunneling (VTST-MT). The algorithm recovers eigenvalues of quantum mechanical Hessians constituting the minimum energy path (MEP) of a reaction using only a small sample of the information, by leveraging underlying properties of these eigenvalues. In addition to the low-rank property that constitutes the basis for most matrix completion (MC) algorithms, this work introduces a polynomial constraint in the objective function. This enables us to sample matrix columns unlike most conventional MC methods that can only sample elements, which makes PVMC readily compatible with quantum chemistry calculations as sampling a single column requires 1 Hessian calculation. For various types of reactions – SN2, hydrogen atom transfer, metal-ligand cooperative catalysis, and enzyme chemistry – we demonstrate that PVMC on average requires only 6-7 Hessian calculations to accurately predict both quantum and variational effects.
alpha-amino ketyl radical generation via hydrogen atom transfer catalysis
Authors: Merkens Kay , Gómez-Suárez Adrián
Published: April 2022

The applications of a-amino ketyl radicals in the synthesis of valuable and potentially biologically-active molecules is currently limited; this is due to the need for strong (Ered > –2 V vs SCE) reductants, such as large excesses of samarium(II) iodide, to generate these versatile intermediates. Here we present an operationally-simple, straightforward approach to access -amino ketyl radicals via photoredox-mediated hydrogen atom transfer catalysis. This highly selective strategy allows for direct access to g oxo-d-amino esters, a prominent scaffold in a wide range of pharmaceuticals and biologically active molecules, from readily available and bench-stable amino alcohols and conjugated olefins. Preliminary mechanistic investigations support the key role of phenylboronic acid to enhance both the efficiency, and the selectivity of the reaction.