bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Zinc Oxide on DLP Hybrid Composite Manufacturability and Mechanical-Chemical Resistance
Authors: Baronins Janis , Antonov Maksim , Abramovskis Vitalijs , Rautmane Aija , Lapkovskis Vjaceslavs , Bockovs Ivans , Goel Saurav , Thakur Vijay Kumar , Shishkin Andrei
Published: December 2023

The widespread use of epoxy resin (ER) in industry, owing to its excellent properties, aligns with the global shift toward greener resources and energy-efficient solutions, where utilizing metal oxides in 3D printed polymer parts can offer extended functionalities across various industries. ZnO concentrations in polyurethane acrylate composites impacted adhesion and thickness of DLP samples, with 1 wt.% achieving a thickness of 3.99 ± 0.16 mm, closest to the target thickness of 4 mm, while 0.5 wt.% ZnO samples exhibited the lowest deviation in average thickness (±0.03 mm). Tensile stress in digital light processed (DLP) composites with ZnO remained consistent, ranging from 23.29 MPa (1 wt.%) to 25.93 MPa (0.5 wt.%), with an increase in ZnO concentration causing a reduction in tensile stress to 24.04 MPa and a decrease in the elastic modulus to 2001 MPa at 2 wt.% ZnO. The produced DLP samples, with their good corrosion resistance in alkaline environments, are well-suited for applications as protective coatings on tank walls. Customized DLP techniques can enable their effective use as structural or functional elements, such as in Portland cement concrete walls, floors and ceilings for enhanced durability and performance.
The Qur’an: An Oral Transmitted Tradition Forming Muslims Habitus
Authors: Dweirj Lina
Published: December 2023

This paper examines the relationship between religious practices and the forming of moral dispositions in light of the Qur’an. Using Bourdieu’s concept of habitus, this paper explains the way religious practices mentioned in the Qur’an can form moral dispositions for Muslims. The question that this research aims to answer is whether being a Muslim has anything to do with how he/she is expected to behave in society. It also investigates how central the Qur’an is in Muslims’ lives. Moreover, it discusses how and why Muslims act the way they do and what guides their practices and actions. This paper aims to clarify the ethical, moral and spiritual consequences of embodying religious practices. For example, practices like prayer and charity may give Muslims moral direction and help them be good citizens.
Improving Turn Movement Count Using Cooperative Feedback
Authors: Heyer-Wollenberg Patrick , Lyu Chengjin , Jovanov Ljubomir , Goossens Bart , Philips Wilfried
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we propose a new cooperative method that improves the accuracy of Turn Movement Count (TMC) under challenging conditions by introducing contextual observations from the surrounding areas. The proposed method focuses on the correct identification of the movements in conditions where current methods have difficulties. Existing vision-based TMC systems are limited under heavy traffic conditions. The main problems for most existing methods are occlusions between vehicles that prevent the correct detection and tracking of the vehicles through the entire intersection and the assessment of the vehicle’s entry and exit points, incorrectly assigning the movement. The proposed method intends to overcome this incapability by sharing information with other observation systems located at neighboring intersections. Shared information is used in a cooperative scheme to infer the missing data, thereby improving the assessment that would otherwise not be counted or miscounted. Experimental evaluation of the system shows a clear improvement over related reference methods.
Non-Invasive Assessment of Abdominal/Diaphragmatic and Thoracic/Intercostal Spontaneous Breathing Contributions
Authors: Guy Ella F. S. , Clifton Jaimey A. , Knopp Jennifer L. , Holder-Pearson Lui R. , Chase J. Geoffrey
Published: December 2023

(1) Background: Technically, a simple, inexpensive, and non-invasive method of ascertaining volume changes in thoracic and abdominal cavities are required to expedite the development and validation of pulmonary mechanics models. Clinically, this measure enables the real-time monitoring of muscular recruitment patterns and breathing effort. Thus, it has the potential, for example, to help differentiate between respiratory disease and dysfunctional breathing, which otherwise can present with similar symptoms such as breath rate. Current automatic methods of measuring chest expansion are invasive, intrusive, and/or difficult to conduct in conjunction with pulmonary function testing (spontaneous breathing pressure and flow measurements). (2) Methods: A tape measure and rotary encoder band system developed by the authors was used to directly measure changes in thoracic and abdominal circumferences without the calibration required for analogous strain-gauge-based or image processing solutions. (3) Results: Using scaling factors from the literature allowed for the conversion of thoracic and abdominal motion to lung volume, combining motion measurements correlated to flow-based measured tidal volume (normalised by subject weight) with R2 = 0.79 in data from 29 healthy adult subjects during panting, normal, and deep breathing at 0 cmH2O (ZEEP), 4 cmH2O, and 8 cmH2O PEEP (positive end-expiratory pressure). However, the correlation for individual subjects is substantially higher, indicating size and other physiological differences should be accounted for in scaling. The pattern of abdominal and chest expansion was captured, allowing for the analysis of muscular recruitment patterns over different breathing modes and the differentiation of active and passive modes. (4) Conclusions: The method and measuring device(s) enable the validation of patient-specific lung mechanics models and accurately elucidate diaphragmatic-driven volume changes due to intercostal/chest-wall muscular recruitment and elastic recoil.
Metal-Oxide Heterojunction: From Material Process to Neuromorphic Applications
Authors: Diao Yu , Zhang Yaoxuan , Li Yanran , Jiang Jie
Published: December 2023

As technologies like the Internet, artificial intelligence, and big data evolve at a rapid pace, computer architecture is transitioning from compute-intensive to memory-intensive. However, traditional von Neumann architectures encounter bottlenecks in addressing modern computational challenges. The emulation of the behaviors of a synapse at the device level by ionic/electronic devices has shown promising potential in future neural-inspired and compact artificial intelligence systems. To address these issues, this review thoroughly investigates the recent progress in metal-oxide heterostructures for neuromorphic applications. These heterostructures not only offer low power consumption and high stability but also possess optimized electrical characteristics via interface engineering. The paper first outlines various synthesis methods for metal oxides and then summarizes the neuromorphic devices using these materials and their heterostructures. More importantly, we review the emerging multifunctional applications, including neuromorphic vision, touch, and pain systems. Finally, we summarize the future prospects of neuromorphic devices with metal-oxide heterostructures and list the current challenges while offering potential solutions. This review provides insights into the design and construction of metal-oxide devices and their applications for neuromorphic systems.
Load-Balancing Routing for LEO Satellite Network with Distributed Hops-Based Back-Pressure Strategy
Authors: Han Chi , Xiong Wei , Yu Ronghuan
Published: December 2023

With the expansion of user scale in LEO satellite networks, unbalanced regional load and bursty network traffic lead to the problem of load disequilibrium. A distributed hops-based back-pressure (DHBP) routing is proposed. DHBP theoretically derives a fast solution for the minimum end-to-end propagation hops between satellite nodes in inclined-orbit LEO satellite networks; hence, link weights are determined based on remaining hops between the next hop and destination satellites. In order to control the number of available retransmission paths, the permitted propagation region is restricted to a rectangular region consisting of source-destination nodes to reduce the propagation cost. Finally, DHBP is designed distributedly, to realize a dynamic selection of the shortest link with low congestion and balanced traffic distribution without obtaining the whole network topology. Network simulation results demonstrate that DHBP has higher throughput and lower delay under high load conditions compared with state-of-the-art routing protocols.
Research on a Novel Terminal Water Supply System Based on the Diversion Process
Authors: Sun Wanghu , Sun Yuning , Zhang Yuan , Hong Xiaochun
Published: December 2023

The pipeline direct drinking water system (PDDWS) has emerged to ensure the quality of direct drinking water. Nevertheless, the existing literature suggests that the PDDWS suffers from inherent structural technological deficiencies, and various internal and external factors hinder its reliability, which raise concerns about the scientific and rational basis of the PDDWS. To address these issues, a new-type terminal differentiated water system (TDWS) is proposed to establish an efficient and health-oriented household water supply system. A water purifier is directly installed at the user’s terminal, and, due to its diversion process, differentiated water is provided, including direct drinking water, clean water and flushing water. Direct drinking water can be produced on demand, without secondary contamination. Clean water is also not stored, thus preventing microbial growth and ensuring superior water quality compared to tap water, suitable for kitchen usage. Flushing water is mixed with tap water for laundry, bathing and toilet flushing. Engineering verification has demonstrated that the quality of the direct drinking water and the clean water exceeds national standards. With the diversion process, the TDWS exhibits benefits related to health, the economy, applicability and environmental friendliness, and it can serve as a supplement and innovation for the PDDWS.
Tracking Trash: Understanding Patterns of Debris Pollution in Knoxville’s Urban Streams
Authors: Greeves Scott
Published: December 2023

Urban streams and rivers often experience high levels of pollution from anthropogenic sources. Litter and plastic debris are of particular concern because they negatively impact ecosystem health, increase the risk of flooding, and limit human recreational opportunities. In the City of Knoxville, Tennessee, several urban streams are posted as impaired, with health and use advisories in place. Despite remediation efforts from local governance and charitable initiatives, urban stream pollution remains a pervasive issue in Knoxville. To support and inform local remediation actions and sustainable policy-making, this study seeks to model the relationship between meteorological and hydrological variables and anthropogenic debris pollution in three of Knoxville’s urban creeks. The study uses an innovative approach that includes the use of data from a local stream cleanup initiative. The results, which identify a number of significant relationships, are discussed as they relate to the locally specific context. The implications for local remediation actions and policy-making are discussed. Also, the limitations and directions for future study are presented.
Study on the Coupling and Coordination between Urban Resilience and Low-Carbon Development of Central Plains Urban Agglomeration
Authors: Guo Xiaojia , Li Jinqiang , Ma Yanjie , Chen Xingpeng , Li Ya
Published: December 2023

The synergistic improvement in urban resilience and low-carbon development level is significant for mitigating and adapting to climate change, achieving the ‘dual carbon goal’ and promoting sustainable urban development. By constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system of urban resilience and low-carbon development, this study quantitatively measures the level of urban resilience and low-carbon development of the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration (CPUA) from 2009 to 2021. Further, the coupling coordination degree model and geographical detector explore the spatial and temporal evolution pattern and driving factors of the coupling and coordination (CCD) of urban resilience and low-carbon development. The results show the following: (1) From 2009 to 2021, urban resilience shows a good momentum of continuous rise, and the spatial distribution pattern is ‘high in the northeast and low in southwest’. Low-carbon development is characterized by the development trend of ‘first decline and then rise’, forming a spatial distribution pattern of ‘high in the south and low in the northwest’. (2) The CCD also shows a rising development trend. The type of coupling and coordination is mainly reluctant coordination. (3) The CCD shows a significant spatial correlation, and the degree of spatial agglomeration shows a downward trend. (4) The level of economic development and the level of scientific and technological innovation are the main two driving forces for the spatial differentiation of the coordinated development of the two systems. In addition, the explanatory power of the interaction of various influencing factors was significantly enhanced. In a word, this study was helpful to clarify further the spatial interaction between urban resilience and low-carbon development and also to provide experience and reference for low-carbon resilience construction and high-quality development of other urban agglomerations in the world.
Prediction of CO2 Emissions Related to Energy Consumption for Rural Governance
Authors: Yu Xitao , Cheng Jianhong , Li Liqiong
Published: December 2023

In the context of rural revitalization, many industries have begun to shift towards rural areas. Industrial agglomeration not only brings economic growth to rural areas, but also increases local carbon emissions. This is particularly evident in some industrialized rural areas with high energy consumption. To accurately implement rural environmental governance, this study selected population, energy consumption, coal proportion, urbanization rate, and other factors as the influencing factors of carbon emissions. The grey correlation analysis method was used to obtain the correlation coefficient of the influencing factors. Then, the relationship between carbon emissions and economic growth, energy consumption, and other influencing factors was analyzed from multiple perspectives. In addition, this study constructed an energy consumption carbon emission prediction model based on deep learning networks, aiming to provide reference data for rural greenhouse gas emission reduction. These results confirmed that the correlation coefficients of the influencing factors of carbon emissions were all higher than 0.6, indicating that their carbon emissions were highly correlated. These test results on the dataset confirm that the RMSE values of the proposed model are all around 0.89, indicating its good prediction accuracy. Therefore, the proposed carbon emission prediction model can provide scientific and reasonable reference data for rural air governance.
Elevated Plasma Protein Carbonyl Concentration Is Associated with More Abnormal White Matter in People with HIV
Authors: Riggs Patricia K. , Anderson Albert M. , Tang Bin , Rubin Leah H. , Morgello Susan , Marra Christina M. , Gelman Benjamin B. , Clifford David B. , Franklin Donald , Heaton Robert K. , Ellis Ronald J. , Fennema-Notestine Christine , Letendre Scott L.
Published: December 2023

Structural brain abnormalities, including those in white matter (WM), remain common in people with HIV (PWH). Their pathogenesis is uncertain and may reflect multiple etiologies. Oxidative stress is associated with inflammation, HIV, and its comorbidities. The post-translational carbonylation of proteins results from oxidative stress, and circulating protein carbonyls may reflect this. In this cross-sectional analysis, we evaluated the associations between protein carbonyls and a panel of soluble biomarkers of neuronal injury and inflammation in plasma (N = 45) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF, n = 32) with structural brain MRI. The volume of abnormal WM was normalized for the total WM volume (nAWM). In this multisite project, all regression models were adjusted for the scanner. The candidate covariates included demographics, HIV disease characteristics, and comorbidities. Participants were PWH on virally suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) and were mostly white (64.4%) men (88.9%), with a mean age of 56.8 years. In unadjusted analyses, more nAWM was associated with higher plasma protein carbonyls (p = 0.002) and higher CCL2 (p = 0.045). In the adjusted regression models for nAWM, the association with plasma protein carbonyls remained significant (FDR p = 0.018). Protein carbonyls in plasma may be a valuable biomarker of oxidative stress and its associated adverse health effects, including within the central nervous system. If confirmed, these findings would support the hypothesis that reducing oxidative stress could treat or prevent WM injury in PWH.
Virus–Host Protein Interaction Network of the Hepatitis E Virus ORF2-4 by Mammalian Two-Hybrid Assays
Authors: Corneillie Laura , Lemmens Irma , Weening Karin , De Meyer Amse , Van Houtte Freya , Tavernier Jan , Meuleman Philip
Published: December 2023

Throughout their life cycle, viruses interact with cellular host factors, thereby influencing propagation, host range, cell tropism and pathogenesis. The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an underestimated RNA virus in which knowledge of the virus–host interaction network to date is limited. Here, two related high-throughput mammalian two-hybrid approaches (MAPPIT and KISS) were used to screen for HEV-interacting host proteins. Promising hits were examined on protein function, involved pathway(s), and their relation to other viruses. We identified 37 ORF2 hits, 187 for ORF3 and 91 for ORF4. Several hits had functions in the life cycle of distinct viruses. We focused on SHARPIN and RNF5 as candidate hits for ORF3, as they are involved in the RLR-MAVS pathway and interferon (IFN) induction during viral infections. Knocking out (KO) SHARPIN and RNF5 resulted in a different IFN response upon ORF3 transfection, compared to wild-type cells. Moreover, infection was increased in SHARPIN KO cells and decreased in RNF5 KO cells. In conclusion, MAPPIT and KISS are valuable tools to study virus–host interactions, providing insights into the poorly understood HEV life cycle. We further provide evidence for two identified hits as new host factors in the HEV life cycle.
Landscape Ecological Risk Assessment of Kriya River Basin in Xinjiang and Its Multi-Scenario Simulation Analysis
Authors: Li Jinbao , He Xuemin , Huang Pengcheng , Wang Zizheng , Wang Ranran
Published: December 2023

To comprehend the potential impacts of both natural phenomena and human activities on ecological risk, a thorough examination of the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of Landscape Ecological Risk (LER) in arid river basins is imperative. This investigation holds paramount importance for the proactive prevention and mitigation of LER, as well as for the preservation of ecological security within these basins. In this scholarly inquiry, the Kriya River Basin (KRB) serves as the focal point of analysis. Leveraging three historical land use and land cover (LULC) images and incorporating a diverse array of drivers, encompassing both natural and anthropogenic factors, the study employs the PLUS model to forecast the characteristics of LULC changes within the basin under three distinct scenarios projected for the year 2030. Concurrently, the research quantitatively assesses the ecological risks of the basin through the adoption of the Landscape Ecological Risk Assessment (LERA) methodology and the Spatial Character Analysis (SCA) methodology. The results showed the following: (1) The study area is primarily composed of grassland and unused land, which collectively account for over 97% of the total land. However, there has been a noticeable rise in cropland and considerable deterioration in grassland between 2000 and 2020. The key observed change in LULC involves the transformation of grassland and unused land into cropland, forest, and construction land. (2) The overall LER indices for 2000, 2010, and 2020 are 0.1721, 0.1714, and 0.16696, respectively, showing strong positive spatial correlations and increasing autocorrelations over time. (3) Over time, human activities have come to exert a greater influence on LER compared to natural factors between 2000 and 2020. (4) In the natural development scenario (NDS), cropland protection scenario (CPS), and ecological priority scenario (EPS), the LER of KRB experienced notable variations in the diverse 2030 scenarios. Notably, the CPS exhibited the highest proportion of low-risk areas, whereas Daryaboyi emerged as the focal point of maximum vulnerability. These findings offer theoretical and scientific support for sustainable development planning in the watershed.
Comprehensive Evaluation and Coupled Coordinated Development Study of Water–Economic–Ecological Systems in the Five Northwestern Provinces of China
Authors: Shi Jiahao , Yang Huan , Wang Fuqiang , Sun Di , Run Yushan
Published: December 2023

The five northwestern provinces face numerous challenges in sustainable development, particularly water scarcity, economic imbalances, and ecological degradation. This study aims to deeply assess the region’s water resource conditions, the current status of economic development, and the health of the ecosystem while exploring the relationships and coupling mechanisms among them. Using the obstacle model, the research analyzes the primary barriers affecting these three significant factors in the region. The study further reveals a continually improving trend of coordinated development within the water–economic–ecological system in the five northwestern provinces of China, indicating that water usage per ten thousand GDP is the primary obstacle. This research enriches our understanding of the development in China’s five northwestern provinces and provides a theoretical foundation for achieving sustainable development.
Análisis de las competencias digitales de los docentes de la Escuela de Educación Básica ¨Jesús Infante¨ en el periodo lectivo 2023-2024
Authors: Gallo Garcia Sinai Victoria , Montoya Lunavictoria Johana Katerine
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar las competencias digitales de los docentes de la Escuela de Educación Básica “Jesús Infante” en el periodo lectivo 2023-2024 en Riobamba-Ecuador, a partir del Marco Europeo para la Competencia Digital de los Educadores (DigCompEdu), con el fin de identificar las necesidades de formación y proporcionar una base a la institución para el diseño de programas de capacitación y el desarrollo profesional. Este estudio se elaboró bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, un diseño no experimental, corte transversal y nivel de alcance analítico-descriptivo. Además, para la recolección de información, se empleó como instrumento una Traducción y adaptación del cuestionario «DigCompEdu Check-In» elaborada por Cabero y Palacios. A partir de esta investigación se evidenció que la mayoría de los docentes poseían un nivel Explorador (A2), reflejando que únicamente asimilan nueva información y desarrollan prácticas digitales básicas. Además, se identificó que las competencias en las que presentan mayor dificultad son aquellas relacionadas con la programación e implementación de tecnologías digitales en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, así como en el desarrollo de las competencias digitales de los estudiantes, por lo que a fin de que los docentes sean capaces de reflexionar, ampliar y aplicar sus prácticas digitales, es necesario que se realicen evaluaciones periódicas.
¿Puede la izquierda latinoamericana prefigurar un nuevo contrato social?
Authors: Schuster Mariano
Published: December 2023

Los gobiernos progresistas de América Latina enfrentan serios escollos para desarrollar sus programas políticos. A diferencia del proceso que se desarrolló durante la primera década del siglo XXI y que fue conocido como la “marea rosa”, los progresismos latinoamericanos encuentran un marco económico más complejo y un mundo más dividido que en el pasado. Víctimas de sus propios errores, los progresismos parecen incapaces de promover un nuevo contrato social que produzca entusiasmo entre los sectores populares y los sectores medios. Si no consiguen cambiar y dejar atrás la nostalgia por los logros del pasado, estas fuerzas podrían ser desbancadas —como de hecho ya está sucediendo— por unas derechas cada vez más radicales.
Consumer’s Perception towards Buying Groceries Pre and during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Limaye Mr. Anand
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally impacted our lives and changed the world as we know it. People are living differently, buying differently and in many ways thinking differently. The paper studies the consumer perception towards buying groceries pre lockdown and during lockdown. The Indian economy is undergoing significant growth in the FMCG sector including food, beverages, grains, cosmetics, etc. the paper found that the consumer attitudes, behaviour and purchasing habits are changing. Many of these new ways will remain post pandemic. While purchases are currently centred on the most basic needs, people are shopping more consciously, buying local, believing in old traditional buying patterns and embracing digital commerce.
Temperament Characteristics, Anxiety and Depression in People with Familial Mediterranean Fever
Authors: ŞAHİNOĞLU İrem , YILDIRIM ÇETİN Gözde
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim: Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive and self-limiting disease. FMF is characterized by recurrent episodes of fever, peritonitis, synovitis and pleuritis. Individuals with chronic illness tend to experience depression or anxiety. It has also been stated that affective temperaments are the basis of mood disorders. The aim of our study is to determine the frequency of anxiety and depression in FMF patients, to determine the dominant temperament type, and to compare the findings with the healthy control group.

Method: 73 patients with FMF and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy individuals without any systemic disease were included in the study. The hospital anxiety and depression scale were used to measure depression and anxiety, and the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego –Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) temperament scale was used to determine the temperament type.

Results: The number of cases diagnosed with anxiety was 33 (45.2%) in the patient group and 5 (16.6%) in the control group; The number of cases diagnosed with depression was 23 (31.5%) in the patient group and 2 (6.6%) in the control group, and both were also found to be statistically significantly higher. (P values p=0.02 and p=0.002, respectively)

No statistically significant correlation was found between gender, age, disease duration, regular use of treatment, presence of gene mutation and attack type, and anxiety and depression scores.

According to the TEMPS-A temperament scale, the percentage of patients diagnosed with depressive temperament (20.5%) was higher than the control group (3.3%), and the difference was statistically significant. (p=0.02).

Conclusion: When the clinical picture in FMF patients becomes complicated with anxiety or depression or in the presence of a temperament predisposed to these conditions, there may be various problems in patients' compliance and response to treatment. FMF patients should be monitored for accompanying anxiety or depression during follow-up.

Key Words: Anxiety, Depression, Familial Mediterranean Fever, Temperament
A Novel Electromagnetic Driving System for 5-DOF Manipulation in Intraocular Microsurgery
Authors: Liu Yangyu , Song Dezhi , Zhang Guanghao , Bu Qingyu , Dong Yuanqing , Hu Chengzhi , Shi Chaoyang
Published: December 2023

This work presents a novel electromagnetic driving system that consists of eight optimized electromagnets arranged in an optimal configuration and employs a control framework based on an active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) and virtual boundary. The optimal system configuration enhances the system’s compatibility with other ophthalmic surgical instruments, while also improving its capacity to generate magnetic force in the vertical direction. Besides, the optimal electromagnet parameters provide a superior comprehensive performance on magnetic field generation capacity and thermal power. Hence, the presented design achieves a stronger capacity for sustained work. Furthermore, the ADRC controller effectively monitors and further compensates the total disturbance as well as gravity to enhance the system’s robustness. Meanwhile, the implementation of virtual boundaries substantially enhances interactive security via collision avoidance. The magnetic and thermal performance tests have been performed on the electromagnet to verify the design optimization. The proposed electromagnet can generate a superior magnetic field of 2.071 mT at a distance of 65 mm with an applied current of 1 A. Moreover, it demonstrates minimal temperature elevation from room temperature (25 °C) to 46 °C through natural heat dissipation in 3 h, thereby effectively supporting prolonged magnetic manipulation of intraocular microsurgery. Furthermore, trajectory tracking experiments with disturbances have been performed in a liquid environment similar to the practical ophthalmic surgery scenarios, to verify the robustness and security of the presented control framework. The maximum root mean square (RMS) error of performance tests in different operation modes remains 35.8 μm, providing stable support for intraocular microsurgery.
Large-Scale Machine Learning Analysis Reveals DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Response Signatures for Gemcitabine-Treated Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Ogunleye Adeolu , Piyawajanusorn Chayanit , Ghislat Ghita , Ballester Pedro J.
Published: December 2023

Background:
Gemcitabine is a first-line chemotherapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD), but many PAAD patients do not respond to gemcitabine-containing treatments. Being able to predict such nonresponders would hence permit the undelayed administration of more promising treatments while sparing gemcitabine life-threatening side effects for those patients. Unfortunately, the few predictors of PAAD patient response to this drug are weak, none of them exploiting yet the power of machine learning (ML).
Methods:
Here, we applied ML to predict the response of PAAD patients to gemcitabine from the molecular profiles of their tumors. More concretely, we collected diverse molecular profiles of PAAD patient tumors along with the corresponding clinical data (gemcitabine responses and clinical features) from the Genomic Data Commons resource. From systematically combining 8 tumor profiles with 16 classification algorithms, each of the resulting 128 ML models was evaluated by multiple 10-fold cross-validations.
Results:
Only 7 of these 128 models were predictive, which underlines the importance of carrying out such a large-scale analysis to avoid missing the most predictive models. These were here random forest using 4 selected mRNAs [0.44 Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC), 0.785 receiver operating characteristic–area under the curve (ROC-AUC)] and XGBoost combining 12 DNA methylation probes (0.32 MCC, 0.697 ROC-AUC). By contrast, the hENT1 marker obtained much worse random-level performance (practically 0 MCC, 0.5 ROC-AUC). Despite not being trained to predict prognosis (overall and progression-free survival), these ML models were also able to anticipate this patient outcome.
Conclusions:
We release these promising ML models so that they can be evaluated prospectively on other gemcitabine-treated PAAD patients.
Enhancing Generic Reaction Yield Prediction through Reaction Condition-Based Contrastive Learning
Authors: Yin Xiaodan , Hsieh Chang-Yu , Wang Xiaorui , Wu Zhenxing , Ye Qing , Bao Honglei , Deng Yafeng , Chen Hongming , Luo Pei , Liu Huanxiang , Hou Tingjun , Yao Xiaojun
Published: December 2023

Deep learning (DL)-driven efficient synthesis planning may profoundly transform the paradigm for designing novel pharmaceuticals and materials. However, the progress of many DL-assisted synthesis planning (DASP) algorithms has suffered from the lack of reliable automated pathway evaluation tools. As a critical metric for evaluating chemical reactions, accurate prediction of reaction yields helps improve the practicality of DASP algorithms in the real-world scenarios. Currently, accurately predicting yields of interesting reactions still faces numerous challenges, mainly including the absence of high-quality generic reaction yield datasets and robust generic yield predictors. To compensate for the limitations of high-throughput yield datasets, we curated a generic reaction yield dataset containing 12 reaction categories and rich reaction condition information. Subsequently, by utilizing 2 pretraining tasks based on chemical reaction masked language modeling and contrastive learning, we proposed a powerful bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT)-based reaction yield predictor named Egret. It achieved comparable or even superior performance to the best previous models on 4 benchmark datasets and established state-of-the-art performance on the newly curated dataset. We found that reaction-condition-based contrastive learning enhances the model’s sensitivity to reaction conditions, and Egret is capable of capturing subtle differences between reactions involving identical reactants and products but different reaction conditions. Furthermore, we proposed a new scoring function that incorporated Egret into the evaluation of multistep synthesis routes. Test results showed that yield-incorporated scoring facilitated the prioritization of literature-supported high-yield reaction pathways for target molecules. In addition, through meta-learning strategy, we further improved the reliability of the model’s prediction for reaction types with limited data and lower data quality. Our results suggest that Egret holds the potential to become an essential component of the next-generation DASP tools.
ГРИГОРІЙ СКОВОРОДА: ВІЧНЕ У СЬОГОДЕННІ
Authors: Пономарьова Галина
Published: December 2023

У світлі реалій, проблем і прагнень нинішнього світу людей феномен
постаті Григорія Савича Сковороди особливо яскраво й актуально розкривається
в уявленні про особистість, громадянина, трудівника, духовну людину в її
вічному русі до пізнання, самовдосконалення, добра справедливості, моральності.
Заявляючи про принципи самопізнання і внутрішню відповідність волі
Божій, Григорій Сковорода вчить нинішні покоління жити за законами гармонії
із собою і світом. Окреслені питання висвітлювались Григорієм Савичем
в контексті тогочасної європейської соціально-політичної, етичної
та філософсько-освітньої проблематики.
Свою філософію Г. Сковорода розробляв на основі власного, як можна
бачити, світосприйняття, яке виражались у поєднанні чуттєво-емоційного
та раціонального. Це виокремлює його поетичні, діалогові філософські праці,
які можна розуміти як своєрідний досвід осягнення й збагачення мети
людського життя.
ФІЛОСОФІЯ ГРИГОРІЯ СКОВОРОДИ ЯК РЕФЛЕКСІЯ ОСОБОВО ОРІЄНТОВАНОГО ВИХОВАННЯ: КОНТЕКСТ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОГО ПРОСВІТНИЦТВА
Authors: Корженко Володимир , Козирєва Наталія
Published: December 2023

Вершиною новоєвропейської думки в осмисленні проблем виховання
людини без перебільшення можна вважати французьку метафізику XVIII ст. –
століття Просвітництва, що по праву вважається «золотим віком» філософської
думки. Ядром філософії Просвітництва стає переконання у вирішальній ролі
людського знання та розуму для осягнення «природного порядку» в державі,
який відповідає дійсним, природним бажанням людини і, в свою чергу, може
слугувати взірцем для здійснення соціальних відносин за мірками гармонійної
відповідності між закономірностями людської та навколишньої природи.
Вважалося, що наявне суспільство за своїми функціями і призначенням
виявляє кричущу невідповідність людській природі. Людина створена природою
на засадах дивовижної гармонії в умовах природної свободи і рівності,
але спотворене суспільство не просто порушує первісну гармонію, а жорстоко
руйнує її, приносячи тим самим нещастя і страждання людському «Я»
в реальному житті. Поширюється думка про те, що зрушення людства
в напрямку від звичайного і бажаного «природного» стану до існуючого, принесло
йому значні моральні збитки, відхід до безправності, несправедливості,
спотворення «природної» людської природи.
ОБРАЗ ГРИГОРІЯ СКОВОРОДИ В НАЦІОНАЛЬНО-ПАТРІОТИЧНОМУ ВИХОВАННІ СТУДЕНТСЬКОЇ МОЛОДІ
Authors: Фінін Георгій
Published: December 2023

Сучасний світ сьогодні стоїть перед проблемою переосмислення
ціннісних орієнтацій, які були сформовані після Другої світової війни:
демократія, повага до прав людини та їх охорона, збереження та примноження
історичної та культурної спадщини, розвиток багатоманітності світу тощо.
Загострення військових конфліктів, які можуть поставити окремі народи
та їхню культуру на межу зникнення або асиміляції, змушують нас задуматися
над тим, як протистояти руйнівному впливу соціально-політичної обстановки
та нестабільності на локальні культури. Україна тут не виняток. Вона перебуває
зараз у періоді активного державотворення, що вимагає донесення до усіх
громадян необхідності збереження власної держави. Потреба національнопатріотичного виховання студентської молоді стає нагальною проблемою
не тільки через проведення різноманітних заходів, але й через запровадження
національної культури до освітнього процесу.
СКОВОРОДИНІВСЬКА ТРАДИЦІЯ І ПРОБЛЕМА ФОРМУВАННЯ ДОБРОЧЕСНОСТІ У ДІТЕЙ ТА МОЛОДІ
Authors: Корж Ганна , Пономаренко Оксана
Published: December 2023

Суворі реалії повномасштабної війни висувають підвищені вимоги
до всіх ланок української освіти, прискіпливої уваги до виховної роботи серед
населення на всіх рівнях життя; формування у громадян стресостійкості,
психологічної витривалості; здатності в психологічно напружених ситуаціях
приймати відповідальні рішення, здійснювати сміливі вчинки, не відмовлятися
від світоглядних пошуків, розвитку, самовиховання, життєтворчості.
Підтримання миру і безпеки є важливим завданням для України, Європи, світу.
Внаслідок збройних та політичних конфліктів – криза у Південному Кавказі,
масові протести проти режиму в Ірані, військовий конфлікт у Ємені та ін. –
збільшується кількість загиблих людей, зростає загроза гуманітарної
катастрофи, екологічної небезпеки
Homicide Rates in Fragile Democracies: Reflections on the Paradoxes of Latin America
Authors: de Souza Jaime Luiz Cunha , e Cardoso Luis Fernando Cardoso
Published: December 2023

This article analyzes the relationship between the quality of democracy and homicide rates in Latin America. Our hypothesis is that governments with authoritarian tendencies in Latin America do not necessarily have higher homicide rates than those without these tendencies. Our research focuses analyzing the “quality” of democracy in four countries: Brazil and Colombia, categorized as "weak democracies", and Peru and Bolivia, considered "hybrid regimes." Secondary data obtained from the Economist Intelligence Unit, Our World in Data and the World Bank Group websites were used for this analysis. Findings indicate that weakening of institutions is an important contributor to homicide rates in weak democracies (Brazil and Colombia). However, this factor has less of an impact on homicide rates in hybrid regime countries (Peru and Bolivia), where the fragility of democracy coexists with lower homicide rates.
Optimizing Hyaluronic Acid: A Comprehensive Review of Rheological Insights for Clinical Practice
Authors: Almeida Romanó Peixoto Fernanda Lacerda de , Espasandin Isabela , Bastos Paulo Henrique , Públio Juliana do Carmo , Barbosa Antony de Paula
Published: December 2023

The aging process of the face is characterized by transformations in the skin, bone, and adipose tissue. As the understanding of these changes has expanded, so too has the range of available filler products in the market. To maximize the effectiveness of hyaluronic acid, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of its rheological properties. The numerous commercially available brands of hyaluronic acid differ in several aspects, such as the purity of their raw materials, methods of manufacturing, concentration of hyaluronic acid, presence and level of cross-linking, and ability to provide volume and withstand degradation. Aiming at the most assertive use of this product, features as viscosity (η), complex modulus (G*), elastic modulus (G"), tan d, cross-linking, concentration and swelling factor must be addressed, correlating them with their expected clinical effects.
PENGARUH BAKAT DAN KREATIVITAS TERHADAP JIWA KEWIRAUSAHAAN NASABAH KOPERASI ANUGRAH MEGA MANDIRI CABANG JATIMAKMUR
Authors: Lailia Istiqomah  , Amanda Setiorini
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of talent and creativity on the entrepreneurial spirit of the customers of the Jatimakmur branch of the Anugrah Mega Mandiri Cooperative. Data collection uses a questionnaire, and the method of analysis usessimultaneously and partially linear regression. The results showed that talent has a significant effect on the entrepreneurial spirit, creativity also has a significant effect on the entrepreneurial spirit. Simultaneously, talent and creativity show significant results for the entrepreneurial spirit of the customers of the Jatimakmur branch of the Anugrah Mega Mandiri Cooperative.
Reflexões de um professor universitário de didática geral perante o uso da estratégia de ensino de solução de problemas
Authors: Moraes João Carlos Pereira de , Bridi Jamile Cristina Ajub
Published: December 2023

A presente pesquisa emerge do contexto de ensino-reflexão em uma disciplina de Didática geral proposta em cursos de licenciatura de uma universidade federal da região Sul do Brasil. Nesse sentido, prescindindo a relação conteúdo-forma, o estudo visa analisar as reflexões de um professor universitário de Didática Geral no uso da estratégia de ensino de solução de problemas como mecanismo de prática pedagógica e as ressonâncias em sua perspectiva na formação inicial de licenciandos. Para tanto, o sujeito de pesquisa, professor universitário, elaborou e aplicou em quatro turmas da disciplina de Didática Geral uma sequência de trabalho pedagógico pautada na estratégia de solução de problemas. A organização da estratégia de ensino ocorreu em três momentos: apresentação do problema; resolução da situação; e avaliação das soluções. Atrelada a prática, o professor elaborou um caderno de anotações, descrevendo o processo. A análise dos dados foi feita a partir de uma abordagem narrativa. Como resultado, aponta-se três pontos emergente: (1) planejamento, em que percebe-se os receios e perspectivas do docente na condução do trabalho; (2) intervenção, na qual nota-se os pontos essenciais no ocorrer da prática pedagógica; (3) reverberações aprendizes, em que evidencia-se algumas possíveis aprendizagens ocorridas ao longo do processo. Conclui-se que a reflexão é essencial para a constituição da docência, tanto para o professor universitário quanto para o licenciando
Pressure on judges: How managerialisation and evolving professional standards affect judges’ autonomy, efficiency and stress
Authors: Viapiana Federica , Van Dijk Frans , Diephuis Bart
Published: December 2023

In recent decades, many judicial systems have witnessed the "managerialisation" of justice—a phenomenon involving the application of private sector techniques to enhance court functioning. These techniques encompass engaging professional managers, reorganizing services, implementing performance measures, and adopting performance-based budgeting. Balancing these approaches with judges' professional standards, as independence and quality, raises critical questions. How does managerialisation affect judges' organization, autonomy, work quality, efficiency, and work-related stress? A survey conducted from June to December 2020 among first-instance judges in Finland, Italy, and the Netherlands, with distinct budgeting models, aimed to understand the impact. The questionnaire explored pressure sources, perceived stress levels, and mechanisms mitigating pressure and stress. Results showed significant differences in work organization, performance targets, and judge autonomy. However, similarities emerged in perceived pressure, work-related stress, and motivation. The study suggests that while not a panacea, managerialisation doesn't inherently increase pressure and stress. It may improve court organization, clarifying the interplay between professional standards and financial considerations.
Manifestaciones afectivas presentes en la labor docente y su incidencia en el proceso de formación desarrollado en el SENA (Apartadó – Antioquia, 2021)
Authors:   , Zuluaga García Javier Alveiro
Published: December 2023

El presente estudio aborda las manifestaciones afectivas que los maestros ponen en acción en el trabajo pedagógico y las consecuencias de dichas manifestaciones en la orientación de la formación, tomando como caso empírico el equipo docente del SENA de Apartadó – Antioquia. Las manifestaciones afectivas presentes en la labor docente en el SENA tienen una incidencia significativa en el proceso de formación. Estas manifestaciones afectivas, como la sensibilidad, el lazo social, la amorosidad y el tacto pedagógico, influyen en el ambiente de aprendizaje, la motivación de los estudiantes y la construcción de relaciones positivas. Sin embargo, es importante tener en cuenta los posibles efectos negativos asociados a un uso inadecuado de estas manifestaciones. El reconocimiento y desarrollo de competencias y afectividad por parte de los docentes puede contribuir a mejorar la práctica pedagógica y promover un entorno educativo favorable.
Factores relacionados al éxito anatómico y funcional de la cirugía por desprendimiento de retina regmatógeno. Instituto Regional de Oftalmología “Javier Servat Univazo” (2010 – 2019)
Authors: Quezada-Osoria Marita Lucía , Chirinos-Saldaña Patricia , Adrianzén Rosa
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Determinar los factores relacionados al éxito anatómico y funcional de la cirugía por desprendimiento de retina regmatógeno (DRR) en pacientes del Instituto Regional de Oftalmología “Javier Servat Univazo”.  Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional en  una cohorte retrospectiva de 204 pacientes con DRR sometidos a diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas entre enero 2010-diciembre 2019, con al menos 6 meses de seguimiento. Las variables estudiadas fueron: éxito anatómico (reaplicación primaria de retina) y éxito funcional (mejoría de agudeza visual [AV]); buscándose asociación entre estas variables y las demográficas, clínicas y tiempos de espera. Resultados: La edad promedio fue 50 + 16,5 (9-85) años. Éxito anatómico, se alcanzó en 165 (80,9%) pacientes y funcional en 110 (52,9%). Hubo  menor tiempo de espera quirúrgico en  pacientes que lograron éxito anatómico (20,0 +/- 22,6 días [1-120]) vs (29,8 +/- 40,1 días [1-210])  (p=0,04) y en los que tuvieron éxito funcional  ( 13,3+/- 15,1 [1-100]) vs (31,9 +/- 33,7 [1-210])  (p=0,0002);  y menor tiempo de enfermedad y menor tiempo total en los que tuvieron éxito funcional  (29,7 +/-56,5 días [1-365]  vs (61,9 +/- 110,6 días [1-730])  (p= 0,008) y  (43,1 +/-68,1 [5-465]) vs  93,8 +/- 118,3 [3-766]) respectivamente (p=0,0002). Conclusiones: El menor tiempo de espera quirúrgico mostró asociación con el éxito anatómico y funcional de la cirugía por DRR. El menor tiempo de enfermedad y el menor tiempo total mostraron asociación con el éxito funcional. Recomendamos implementar medidas para abreviar tiempos de espera e instaurar una terapia quirúrgica precoz y oportuna en estos pacientes.