bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalência de Síndrome Metabólica e associação com estado nutricional em adolescentes
Authors: Mendes Myrla Gabriela , Nascimento Larisse Monteles , Gomes Keila Rejane Oliveira , Moreira-Araújo Regilda Saraiva dos Reis , Rodrigues Malvina Thais Pacheco , Araújo Telma Maria Evangelista de , Frota Karoline de Macedo Gonçalves
Published: November 2019

Resumo Introdução A síndrome metabólica é uma desordem multifatorial relacionada, principalmente, com a deposição de gordura abdominal e as alterações da homeostase da glicose e/ou resistência à insulina. Estudos demonstram associações entre o excesso de peso na infância e as taxas de morbimortalidade elevadas na vida adulta; portanto, a presença de alterações metabólicas na infância e/ou na adolescência pode contribuir para um perfil de saúde desfavorável ao futuro dos indivíduos. Objetivo Determinar a prevalência de síndrome metabólica e verificar sua associação com estado nutricional em adolescentes. Método Estudo transversal com adolescentes entre 14 e 19 anos de escolas públicas e particulares. Realizou-se avaliação antropométrica, incluindo o índice de massa corporal e o perímetro da cintura, e foram determinados os parâmetros bioquímicos e a pressão arterial. Para o diagnóstico da síndrome metabólica, utilizou-se de critérios da National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III). As características antropométricas e bioquímicas foram expressas como média e desvios-padrão e comparadas entre os sexos pelo teste t de Student, enquanto, para análise de risco, utilizou-se da regressão logística binária. Resultados Dos 327 adolescentes investigados, 59,9% eram meninas e 65,7% estudavam em escola pública. A prevalência de síndrome metabólica foi de 7%, enquanto a presença de pelo menos um critério diagnóstico da síndrome esteve presente em 90,8% da amostra. Ainda, observou-se associação significativa entre a obesidade e a síndrome metabólica, apontando um maior risco. Conclusão Os adolescentes tiveram uma importante prevalência de síndrome metabólica, apresentando precocemente componentes dessa patologia. Além disso, foi observada associação com a obesidade, evidenciando um maior risco para aqueles que possuem essa condição; portanto, intervenções nutricionais direcionadas à população jovem devem ser promovidas no intuito de melhorar os hábitos alimentares e o estilo de vida.
Elaboração e validação de uma medida para avaliar o conhecimento de médicos de atenção primária do Brasil sobre recomendação nutricional para controle da hipertensão
Authors: Gadenz Sabrina Dalbosco , Harzheim Erno , Castro Stela Maris de Jezus , Hauser Lisiane , Drehmer Michele
Published: November 2019

Resumo Introdução Médicos da Atenção Primária à Saúde têm papel primordial no aconselhamento nutricional para reduzir a morbidade e a mortalidade relacionadas à hipertensão. A literatura é escassa em instrumentos validados para o Brasil que avaliam o conhecimento com base em evidências desses profissionais. Objetivo Elaborar uma medida para avaliar o nível de conhecimento de médicos de atenção primária do Brasil sobre recomendação nutricional para o controle de hipertensão arterial. Método Utilizou-se de um instrumento validado para a língua inglesa como base para elaboração da medida, a qual foi testada de acordo com os fundamentos da Teoria de Resposta ao Item. A dimensionalidade do questionário foi realizada na matriz de correlação policórica. Para estimar os parâmetros dos itens, foi utilizado o modelo logístico de dois parâmetros (discriminação e dificuldade). Resultados A maioria dos itens foi considerada fácil, e o poder discriminativo variou entre valores altos, moderados e baixos. A ausência de itens difíceis contribuiu para a imprecisão da medida entre aqueles com níveis superiores de conhecimento. Conclusão Os resultados mostram uma medida que mensura com melhor precisão médicos com baixo nível de conhecimento, sendo uma ferramenta útil para identificar profissionais que precisam melhorar seu conhecimento nutricional.
A inter-relação entre transtornos mentais comuns, gênero e velhice: uma reflexão teórica
Authors: Medeiros Luciana Fernandes de
Published: November 2019

Resumo Introdução Um dos problemas mais significativos de saúde pública na atualidade é a prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns (TMC) e o uso excessivo de medicamentos psicotrópicos. As mulheres são as que mais sofrem com os TMC e fazem uso de antidepressivos e ansiolíticos. Objetivo Desenvolver uma reflexão teórica sobre as inter-relações entre TMC, relações de gênero e velhice, bem como apontar algumas contribuições para a atenção primária à saúde mental. Método Foi realizada uma pesquisa de artigos no SciELO e Google Acadêmico. Dos 15 artigos encontrados, foram incluídos 13 sobre a temática e realizada uma análise crítica. Resultados Os TMC estão relacionados com as condições de vida e as iniquidades de gênero. Mulheres idosas, ao deixarem de desempenhar papéis sociais para os quais haviam se preparado e por muito tempo desempenharam, experimentam sintomas de TMC. Com a saída dos filhos de casa e as limitações físicas decorrentes do processo de envelhecer, muitas delas se encontram sem outros projetos de vida. Isso contribui para o agravamento dos sintomas. Conclusão A atenção primária à saúde precisa incluir discussões sobre velhice e gênero, além de incrementar ações de promoção em saúde mental em suas atividades cotidianas.
Rediscovering a forgotten scientific collection in the Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil: The herpetological collection of the zoologist José Santiago Lima-Verde
Authors: Coelho-Lima Alcéster Diego , Jucá Marcelo Almeida De Sousa , Fonseca Ellen Beatriz Fontes da , Medeiros Leticia Cely Vieira de , Soares Pamella Barbara Coutinho , Cunha Paulo Victor Araujo , Passos Daniel Cunha
Published: November 2019

Abstract: The zoologist Dr. José Santiago Lima-Verde (1945-2019) made a number of major contributions to the field of animal biology in the northeastern Brazil, in particular through his research with snakes. While employed as a professor at Escola Superior de Agricultura de Mossoró, currently the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Prof. Lima-Verde established a herpetological collection which remained forgotten for a number of decades. In the present study, we describe the revitalization of this collection, which included the updating of the identification of the species and the compilation of the metadata on the collection, which is now named the Coleção Herpetológica Lima-Verde. We catalogued 80 specimens representing 30 species, including 23 species of snakes, five lizards, and two amphisbaenians. One third (30%) of the specimens had information on dates and sites, with the majority of these specimens being collected in the Brazilian State of Rio Grande do Norte during the 1970's. We also catalogued 315 eggs of seven snake species, from 22 clutches laid in captivity. The collection presents unpublished data and will constitute a reference for future herpetological research on the species found in western region of State of Rio Grande do Norte. Our findings reinforce the importance of zoological collections for the understanding of patterns of biodiversity, and we would recommend the creation of more regional scientific collections and the broader recognition of their value as a basic source of biological data.
Aneurisma de artéria gastroduodenal submetido a tratamento endovascular: relato de caso
Authors: Casas André Luís Foroni , Camargo Mariozinho Pacheco de Freitas , Moisés Carla Batista , Trad Henrique Simão , Joviliano Edwaldo Edner
Published: November 2019

Resumo O aneurisma de artéria gastroduodenal é uma doença de baixa incidência que se manifesta de forma inespecífica na maioria das vezes, o que dificulta o diagnóstico inicial. Nos casos sintomáticos, pode ocorrer dor abdominal, além de hemorragia secundária à sua rotura. Nos casos de rotura aneurismática, o prognóstico é desfavorável, atingindo 40% de mortalidade. Assim, devem-se empregar os recursos necessários para o diagnóstico e intervenção terapêutica precoce. Embora o tratamento cirúrgico aberto seja uma opção, nos últimos anos, tem havido uma maior tendência ao tratamento endovascular. Relata-se um caso raro de paciente jovem portador de aneurisma de artéria gastroduodenal tratado com sucesso por meio da terapia endovascular.
DISPARITY IN THE GROSS PRODUCTION VALUE OF NATIVE WOOD PRODUCTS OF THE PARAÍBA MESOREGIONS, BRAZIL (1994-2017)
Authors: Coelho Junior Luiz Moreira , Santos Júnior Edvaldo Pereira , Borges Luís Antônio Coimbra , Joaquim Maísa Santos , Souza Álvaro Nogueira de , Araújo Yuri Rommel Vieira
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT This paper analyzed the disparity in the gross production value of timber products from the state of Paraíba, Brazil, between 1994 and 2017. The indicators used were: the locational quotient (Lq), the coefficient of location (Cl), the coefficient of redistribution (Cred), the coefficient of geographic association (Cga), the coefficient of specialization (Cs) and the coefficient of restructuring (Cr). The results obtained indicated that wood was the main timber product extracted in the state of Paraíba, with the Sertão paraibano region being of greater relevance, increasing the disparity between the regions; the Cred pointed out greater change for charcoal extraction; the Mata Paraibana region was the most specialized region, especially for wood extraction; and the Borborema region presented the greatest restructuring in all studied periods. The study evidenced that the extraction of wood products mainly occurred in the more arid regions of the state with the purpose of population subsistence or industrial use, especially in the red ceramics and plaster segments for which wood can be used to generate heat and thermoelectric power.
MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL AND NUTRITIONAL BEHAVIOR OF Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne (FABACEAE) SEEDLINGS SUBMITTED TO LIMING
Authors: Silva Patrícia Oliveira da , Carlos Leandro , Menezes-Silva Paulo Eduardo , Costa Andréia Mendes da , Rodrigues Carlos Ribeiro , Loram-Lourenço Lucas , Dias Jorciane Souza
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Liming is beneficial for plants as it promotes pH elevation, neutralization of toxic aluminum, increase in calcium (Ca²+) and magnesium (Mg²+) supply, and provides greater root systems. However, it is known that different species, mainly those native to the Cerrado, respond in different ways to this technique. Given the above, the objective of this study was to determine how Hymenaea stigonocarpa (“Jatobá-do-Cerrado”) seedlings respond to liming in Dystrophic Red Latosol. The plants were cultivated in four-liter pots, submitted to different base saturation (natural soil, 30, 45, 60 and 75% V) and maintained in a greenhouse. Biometrics, biomass, nutritional content and physiological parameters were evaluated. A difference in Ca²+ and Mg²+ contents between leaves and stems was observed, leading to significant reductions in stomatal conductance, transpiration, internal CO2 concentration and internal and external CO2 concentration ratios, resulting in a reduction of the investment in growth and biomass. Given these results, there is no need for liming in the production of H. stigonocarpa seedlings in a Dystrophic Red Latosol.
BRIQUETTES QUALITY PRODUCED WITH THE MACAUBA EPICARP (Acrocomia aculeata) AND Pinus sp. WOOD
Authors: Costa Sarah Esther de Lima , Santos Rosimeire Cavalcante dos , Castro Renato Vinícius Oliveira , Castro Ana Flávia Neves Mendes , Magalhães Mateus Alves de , Carneiro Angélica de Cássia Oliveira , Santos Cynthia Patrícia de Sousa , Gomes Izabelle Rodrigues Ferreira , Rocha Sofia Maria Gonçalves
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT The macaúba palm (Acrocomia aculeata) is a palm-seed-oil producing tree of great economic value for its high productivity, and the broad range of possible uses for the different parts of the plant. This palm is one of the most promising species for the production of biodiesel, however, its use generates large amounts of waste. The aim of this work is to produce and evaluate the quality of briquettes made from the epicarp of the macaúba palm, in association with the waste of the Pinus sp. For the characterization of the residues, the following analyses were carried out: bulk density, immediate chemical composition, and higher calorific value. Different treatments were adopted in the production of the briquettes, namely: T1 (100% macaúba palm), T2 (75% macaúba palm + 25% pine), T3 (50% macaúba palm + 50% pine), T4 (25% macaúba palm + 75% pine) and T5 (100% pine). The briquettes were produced at a pressure of 1000 PSI, and at a temperature of 120-130 ºC, press and cooling times of 5 minutes, and an average humidity of 9.88% for the macaúba palm and 8.00% for the Pinus. In order to qualify the briquettes’ dimensions, the following were evaluated: apparent density, rupture load, lower calorific value, useful calorific value and energy density. In general, mixing at least 50% macaúba epicarp is recommended to produce briquettes, as this material provides increased strength and energy density to the product.
O Sol está sempre a pino ao meio-dia?
Authors: Bedaque Paulo , Bretones Paulo Sergio
Published: November 2019

Resumo A concepção de muitas pessoas de que o Sol está a pino ao meio-dia é resultado da falta de observação dos fenômenos naturais. Este artigo inicia apresentando uma revisão da literatura mostrando pesquisas sobre concepções de estudantes de diversos níveis escolares e professores sobre o assunto. Menciona o conhecimento de culturas indígenas e outras do passado sobre a passagem do Sol pelo zênite durante o ano. A seguir discute-se o movimento da Terra ao redor do Sol evidenciando as regiões do nosso planeta que podem ter o Sol a pino em algum dia do ano. Também são apresentados diferentes modelos didáticos tendo em conta os referenciais heliocêntrico, geocêntrico e topocêntrico visando abordar tais conteúdos junto a professores e alunos.
Forças no sistema de referência acelerado de um pêndulo: estudo teórico e resultados experimentais
Authors: Silva Camila Brito Collares da , Fagundes Bruno Borges , Ribeiro Januário Dias , Tonel Arlei Prestes , Silveira Fernando Lang da , Dorneles Pedro Fernando
Published: November 2019

Resumo Neste trabalho realizamos, inicialmente, uma discussão teórica sobre as forças no sistema de referência acelerado de um pêndulo que oscila livre de resistência. Tal discussão propicia a afirmação de que, se um acelerômetro for fixado no centro de oscilação de um pêndulo, ele deverá registrar um valor variável sobre o eixo orientado radialmente e um valor nulo no eixo alinhado tangencialmente ao movimento do pêndulo. Para ilustrarmos aplicações dessa afirmação em duas situações de simples verificação, apresentamos duas questões instigantes: a) o que acontecerá com a bolha de ar de um nível de pedreiro, se posicionarmos o nível na direção tangencial enquanto nos embalamos em um balanço de uma praça?; b) se colocarmos para oscilar em um balanço uma pequena esfera, ela irá ficar em repouso em relação balanço? As respostas contraintuitivas às duas questões são de que tanto a bolha no nível de pedreiro quanto a esfera permanecem em repouso em relação ao balanço se posicionadas em seu centro de oscilação. Com o intuito de elucidarmos essas duas questões, concebemos um aparato experimental composto por um pêndulo físico, no qual anexamos uma placa microcontrolada Arduino, um sensor acelerômetro e um módulo Bluetooth.
Validação da nova versão do Test of Understanding Graphs in Kinematics (TUG-K) com estudantes de ensino médio
Authors: Cunha R. F. F. da , Sasaki D. G. G.
Published: November 2019

Resumo Com o intuito de verificar a compreensão de gráficos cinemática de um grupo de estudantes de ensino médio, é recomendável utilizar um instrumento que possua tanto uma validade de conteúdo por parte de especialistas, quanto uma validação estatística. Nesse sentido, foi escolhida a nova versão do Test of Understanding Graphs in Kinematics (TUG-K), proposta em 2017 por Zavala e originalmente criado por Beichner, em 1994. O TUG-K foi elaborado para medir o conhecimento de gráficos em cinemática de alunos universitários, majoritariamente. Logo, para que possa ser usado na educação básica, é preciso saber se possui validade estatística nesse contexto. Portanto, foi realizada uma análise estatística do teste, após ser aplicado em dois momentos distintos, em estudantes de ensino médio de uma escola federal do Rio de Janeiro. Os parâmetros medidos foram os mesmos utilizados por Zavala. O principal resultado deste artigo foi demonstrar a validação do TUG-K nesse grupo. Como complemento, mostrou-se que o ganho de aprendizagem normalizado de Hake desses estudantes submetidos a aulas expositivas de cinemática foi de 17%, valor esperado para o ensino tradicional. A perspectiva subjacente é difundir e incentivar o uso do TUG-K no ensino médio.
Uma andorinha só não faz verão: 160 anos do legado de Richard Carrington
Authors: Oliveira D. M.
Published: November 2019

Resumo No dia 1° de setembro de 1859, o astrônomo britânico Richard Carrington observou um comportamento anômalo no Sol. Aproximadamente 17 horas depois, efeitos magnéticos de escalas globais foram observados na Terra: auroras boreais e austrais em regiões de baixas latitudes, e falhas em equipamentos telegráficos na Europa e América do Norte. Hoje, 160 anos depois, sabemos que essa conexão solar-terrestre controla a atividade magnética no espaço próximo da Terra e sua superfície, e seus efeitos são objetos de uma disciplina denominada clima espacial. O objetivo principal deste modesto trabalho é apresentar brevemente ao leitor as observações de Carrington e as descobertas que levaram à conexão entre fenômenos magnéticos solares e terrestres. Também são brevemente discutidas as implicações desta descoberta ao clima espacial com ênfase na importância da proteção de aparelhos tecnológicos presentes no geoespaço e no solo, além de uma breve discussão do futuro da disciplina nas próximas décadas.
Videoanálise do voo de um fidget spinner: torque e momento angular
Authors: Sasaki D. G. G. , Jesus V. L. B. de
Published: November 2019

Resumo Poderia o mundialmente famoso brinquedo fidget spinner ser usado em sala de aula para ilustrar os conceitos de momento de inércia, torque e momento angular? Curiosamente, foram raros os artigos de ensino relacionados ao tema que foram publicados até a presente data. Neste trabalho apresentamos uma situação real composta por duas configurações experimentais extremamente simples de lançamento oblíquo de um spinner com e sem rotação inicial do tipo spin. Definimos por rotação do tipo spin como qualquer rotação em que o spinner gira em torno de um de seus eixos principais de simetria. A técnica escolhida para coleta dos dados foi a videoanálise, usando o software gratuito Tracker. Os principais resultados foram (i) Apresentar um experimento de execução rápida e fácil e que aborde de forma simultânea os conceitos de torque, momento angular orbital e momento angular de spin. (ii) Analisar de forma qualitativa as semelhanças e as diferenças entre as orientações dos momentos angulares orbitais e de spin nos dois tipos de lançamento oblíquo do spinner (iii) Obter uma estimativa quantitativa das magnitudes dos momentos angulares de spin em relação ao respectivo eixo principal de simetria do spinner, em ambos os casos.
Oscilador Harmônico Duplo difuso
Authors: Oliveira Hercules Alves , Delben Guilherme Jurkevicz
Published: November 2019

Resumo A descrição do comportamento de um sistema difuso, linear e não-linear, pode ser tratada através da equação de Fokker-Planck. Esta equação tem despertado grande interesse de pesquisadores por sua boa adaptação a diferentes sistemas, tanto clássicos como quânticos. Neste trabalho, utilizamos a equação de Fokker-Planck para encontrar as probabilidades totais do potencial biestável difuso sob ação de um campo elétrico externo. As soluções do sistema mostram que existem duas funções de onda, uma simétrica e outra antissimétrica e quando o campo elétrico é aplicado todos os niveis de energia tornam-se degenerados. Observa-se que a aplicação do campo elétrico externo acarreta numa diminuição da temperatura do sistema e, consequentemente, um tempo menor para este atingir o equilíbrio.
THREATS TO THE BIODIVERSITY OF THE BRAZILIAN PANTANAL DUE TO LAND USE AND OCCUPATION
Authors: ALHO CLEBER J. R. , MAMEDE SIMONE B. , BENITES MARISTELA , ANDRADE BRUNA S. , SEPÚLVEDA JOSE J. O.
Published: November 2019

Abstract The Pantanal is a wetland located in the central region of South America (150,355 km2), mainly in Brazil (nearly 140,000 km2), touching Paraguay and Bolivia. The floodplain is fed by the Paraguay River and its tributaries, where the headwater of the rivers is located on the surrounding upland. Only 40% of this plateau retains its natural vegetation. Although the natural habitats of the Pantanal are still considered well preserved, retaining 80% of the vegetation cover, the biome faces environmental and socioeconomic threats that affect its biodiversity. The seasonal flux of the rivers is a fundamental ecological element for regional biodiversity. Habitat alteration and deforestation have affected terrestrial and aquatic habitats and their associated wildlife. This work identifies and analyses the threats to biodiversity considering land use, based on research experience in the region plus field work. Based on this, it discusses a strategic action plan for the biome’s biodiversity.
YERBA MATE LANDSCAPES: FOREST USE AND SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION*
Authors: MARQUES ANÉSIO DA CUNHA , REIS MAURÍCIO SEDREZ DOS , DENARDIN VALDIR FRIGO
Published: November 2019

Abstract The Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) is a native arboreal species of forest formations that include the Araucaria Forest and is of considerable socio-economic importance in much of Brazil’s southern region. This paper aims to study the different landscapes of the native Yerba Mate systems (NYMS) in the main producing region of native Yerba Mate in the northern plateau region of the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil (Planalto Norte Catarinense - PNC) and their relationship to socio-environmental conservation in the context of family farming. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with family farmers and NYMS were evaluated following a specific route. Thirteen types of NYMS Landscape Units were identified as a diagnostic basis for the sustainable management of NYMS and forests. It proved possible to conclude that the Yerba Mate extraction activity is of great importance to socio-environmental conservation in the PNC.
V.R. POTTER’S GLOBAL BIOETHICS
Authors: ZANELLA DIEGO CARLOS , SGANZERLA ANOR , PESSINI LEOCIR
Published: November 2019

Abstract Many discussions related to health, life sciences and biotechnology have led some authors to refer to global bioethics. The present review, however, intends to analyze the concept of global bioethics in the work of the same title by Van Rensselaer Potter. Bioethics was born in the United States and there developed a conception that reduced it to a vision of biomedical ethics. In response to this reductionism, the father of bioethics, V. R. Potter, has taken up its original conception and extended it to a global bioethics, a broader view that encompasses the ecological dimension of life of all living beings at the same time as it treats and relates to the issues of biomedical ethics.
SWISS CHEESE IN BRAZIL: DISASTER CULTURE AND SAFETY CULTURE IN DISASTERS
Authors: WARNER JEROEN , ALVES ELIZABETH NUNES , COATES ROBERT
Published: November 2019

Abstract This article discusses points related to “disaster culture” and “safety culture” in Brazil, and debates how societal-structural factors influence the management of low incidence and high consequence disasters, such as dam breaks, which appear to provide limited evidence for preventive decision making. Discussion of the occurrence of disasters considers the “Swiss Cheese Model” of risk analysis proposed by James Reason. The article uses this to indicate some potential paths forward.
Glicemia de jejum de pacientes da rede pública de saúde na região sul de São Paulo: correlação com hemoglobina glicada e níveis lipídicos
Authors: Franco Luciana Ferreira , Mafra Ana Carolina Cintra Nunes , Bracco Mario Maia , Franco Laercio Joel , Naves Larissa Kozloff , Ribeiro Glória Maria Ferreira , Mangueira Cristóvão Luis Pitangueira
Published: November 2019

RESUMO: Introdução: A glicemia de jejum é um teste usado para o monitoramento do diabetes mellitus, bem como para seu rastreamento e diagnóstico. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar resultados de glicemia de jejum de pacientes da rede pública e sua correlação com hemoglobina glicada e lipídios. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com 77.581 pacientes, atendidos em 2014. Resultados: A maioria é do sexo feminino (65%), com idade entre 18 e 115 anos (53 ± 15,5 anos). A concordância entre glicemia de jejum e hemoglobina glicada foi moderada (Kappa = 0,416), entretanto foi substancial para níveis compatíveis com diabetes (Kappa = 0,689) e pobre para pré-diabetes (Kappa = 0,188). Glicemia de jejum ≥ 100 mg/dL foi encontrada em 41,1% dos pacientes e hemoglobina glicada ≥ 5,7% em 61,5%. As alterações lipídicas são mais frequentes nos indivíduos com alterações na glicemia. Dos 14.241 indivíduos com glicemia de jejum ≥ 126 mg/dL, a microalbuminúria foi pesquisada em apenas 883 (6,2%) indivíduos, com resultado alterado em 201 (22,8%). Conclusões: Nos indivíduos que realizaram mais de uma dosagem de glicemia de jejum, a maioria permaneceu com exames alterados, principalmente os que apresentavam valores compatíveis com o diagnóstico de diabetes, sugerindo que não conseguem um controle adequado. A baixa frequência de pesquisa de microalbuminúria em indivíduos com glicemia de jejum sugestiva de diabetes reflete a pequena preocupação com o rastreio de suas complicações crônicas. A elevada frequência de dislipidemia nesses indivíduos evidencia ser uma população de elevado risco cardiovascular.
Oxidative stress among informal caregivers
Authors: Vasconcelos Natália Ramos Imamura de , Dátilo Gilsenir Maria Prevelato de Almeida , Chies Agnaldo Bruno , Chagas Eduardo Federighi Baisi , Vasconcelos Thiago José Querino de , Barbosa Pedro Marco Karan
Published: November 2019

Abstract Objective: to evaluate oxidative stress and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses in informal caregivers, and correlations with anxiety, health satisfaction and quality of life. Method: a case-control analytical study was performed, where the case was represented by the main informal caregiver and the control was paired with individuals with identical characteristics to the case, but who were not informal caregivers. The following instruments were used: a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Beck anxiety scale and the WHOQoL-Bref. Oxidative stress was measured through blood by analysis of the Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) and Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) markets. Results: most informal caregivers were females. There was no difference in the degree of anxiety between the Case and Control groups. Among informal caregivers, 9.4% said they were very dissatisfied and 53.1% dissatisfied with their health. Most caregivers (43.8%) rated their quality of life as poor and 12.5% as very poor, while most controls rated it as good (68.8%). The TBARS and FRAP values were lower in the Case group than in the Control group. Conclusion: The informal caregivers, who were mostly women, defined themselves as dissatisfied or very dissatisfied with their health. Nevertheless, they did not manifest a higher degree of anxiety in comparison with the control population. In addition, they presented a lower degree of oxidative stress than the non-caregiving participants, perhaps due to a greater mobilization of the non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses present in the body.
New Myloplus from Essequibo River basin, Guyana, with discussion on the taxonomic status of Myleus pacu (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae)
Authors: Andrade Marcelo C. , López-Fernández Hernán , Liverpool Elford A.
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT A new species in the serrasalmid genus Myloplus is described from the middle Mazaruni River, Essequibo River basin, Guyana. The new species is similar to Myleus pacu and Myloplus planquettei in its silver to purplish black coloration and its overall morphology, and has a putative syntopic distribution with those species. The new species is, however, readily distinguishable from the other two by meristic counts of the unpaired fins and by differences in color pattern, primarily in males. Additionally, we provide comments on Myleus pacu and other species that have been confounded under that name.
Water pH and hardness alter ATPases and oxidative stress in the gills and kidney of pacu ( Piaractus mesopotamicus )
Authors: Copatti Carlos Eduardo , Baldisserotto Bernardo , Souza Carine de Freitas , Monserrat José María , Garcia Luciano
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the effects of low and high water hardness in interaction with different water pH in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). Pacu juveniles were subjected to low (50 mg CaCO3 L-1 - LWH) or high water hardness (120 mg CaCO3 L-1 - HWH) at water pH of 5.5 (acidic), 7.5 (circumneutral) or 9.0 (alkaline) for 15 days. Gills and kidneys were collected (days 1, 5 and 15). Gill Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) and vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) activities were higher in alkaline pH with HWH on day 1. Gill and kidney NKA and V-ATPase activities were higher in acidic pH with LWH on day 15. Gill NKA activity of pacus under alkaline pH with LWH was higher than those exposed to HWH. Reduced antioxidant capacity in the gills and kidney and enhanced thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels were demonstrated in fish exposed to acidic or alkaline pH, mainly with LWH. HWH increased glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity and reduced TBARS levels in the gills and kidney. On day 15, GST activity was increased at acidic pH with LWH. In conclusion, circumneutral pH presents less oxidative stress and fewer variations in ATPases and HWH reduced deleterious effects in fish exposed to acidic or alkaline pH.
Molecular assessment of Gymnotus spp. (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) fishing used as live baitfish in the Tietê River, Brazil
Authors: Faria-Pereira Lilian Paula , Hilsdorf Alexandre Wagner Silva , Albert James , Paiva Maria José Tavares Ranzani , Galvão Márcia Santos Nunes
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT The capture of live bait for sport fishing is an important activity for fishing communities. The main species used for this purpose are members of the genus Gymnotus, which comprises numerous species of cryptic nature that are difficult to identify based on external morphology. The aims of this work were to identify through partial sequences of the COI gene Gymnotus species fished in the Jacaré-Guaçu River, SP, and to develop a molecular diagnostic approach using PCR-RFLP to identify these species. Partial COI sequences were compared to those of other species deposited in GenBank. The sequences were assessed in the NEBCutter program to determine restriction sites in the sequence and the enzymes to be tested. Phenetic analysis performed by Neighbor-Joining method showed that the specimens sampled belong to two species preliminary identified here as G. cf. sylvius and G. cf. cuia, with G. cf. sylvius accounting for 95.2% of the individuals sampled. The enzymes NlaIII and SacI generated fragments that allowed distinguishing the Gymnotus species using PCR-RFLP. This analysis can be used to accurately identify these species, which is fundamental for monitoring Gymnotus fishing and assessing the conservation of this genetic resource.
A new and improved electric fish finder with resources for printed circuit board fabrication
Authors: Haag Michael A. , Lambert Jeffrey C. , Waddell Joseph C. , Crampton William G.R.
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT We describe the circuit design, construction, and operation of a field-portable electric fish finder (an AC-coupled wide-band differential bio-amplifier with loudspeaker output). This device permits detection and monitoring of the electric organ discharges generated by neotropical gymnotiform fishes (as well as the mormyroid fishes of tropical Africa). Our design is modified from earlier versions to optimize detection performance and stability over a wider range of ambient water conductivity, including under conditions of extremely low conductivity (< ca. 10 μScm-1). Our new electric fish finder design also incorporates complete waterproofing and longer battery autonomy. We provide Gerber and Eagle files made with the electronic design automation software ‘Autodesk Eagle’ to allow researchers to order printed circuit boards directly from commercial manufacturers.
Kidney anatomy, histology and histometric traits associated to renosomatic index in Gymnotus inaequilabiatus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae)
Authors: Fernandes Carlos Eurico , Marcondes Sandrieley Fernanda , Galindo Gizela Melina , Franco-Belussi Lilian
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT The Gymnotus inaequilabiatus is a Neotropical fish widely distributed in marginal areas of bays. The aim of this study was to describe the main histological and histopathological traits in the head and exocrine kidney. Here, histometric and structural density techniques were associated with renosomatic index (RSI). The kidney was processed for light microscopy. Lipofuscin and hemosiderin content were visually estimated in the melonomacrophages centers (MMCs). All the biometric body variables were correlated with RSI, especially the kidney weight and gross lesions count. The general architecture of head and exocrine kidney was similar to that described for other teleost species. MMCs were prevalent in both portions and correlated with RSI in the head and exocrine kidney. Granulomatous structures were often observed in both portions; however, they were associated only in the exocrine kidney with RSI. Of all the structures hystometrically estimated, only proximal tubular diameter and thickness, and distal tubular thickness were correlated to renosomatic index. The RSI is an useful biometric variable that represent some physiological and morphological characteristics of kidney in G. inaequilabiatus. These findings may be used in future studies to evaluate the effects of environmental stressors on the renal adaptative physiological process.
Factors associated with the maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding in the late postpartum
Authors: Gasparin Vanessa Aparecida , Strada Juliana Karine Rodrigues , Moraes Bruna Alibio , Betti Thaís , Pitilin Érica de Brito , Santo Lilian Cordova do Espírito
Published: November 2019

Abstract Objective: To identify the factors associated with the maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding and to verify the justification for the introduction of other liquids in the late postpartum of mothers and children attended by a breastfeeding consultant. Method: A non-comparative prospective cohort, conducted with 150 mothers and children. Data was collected at rooming-in 15 and 30 days after birth and analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate regression. Results: The reasons for introducing water, tea, and breast milk substitutes were the following: thirst, abdominal cramps, and infant crying, respectively. Vaginal delivery, not using a pacifier or bottle and seeking professional help after discharge were associated with the exclusivity of late postpartum breastfeeding. Conclusion: The introduction of a professional breastfeeding consultant is of significant importance in the rise of exclusive breastfeeding rates.
Matrix support in mental health in primary care: the vision of supporters and nurses
Authors: Oliveira Gustavo Costa de , Schneider Jacó Fernando , Pinho Leandro Barbosa de , Camatta Marcio Wagner , Nasi Cíntia , Guimarães Andréa Noeremberg , Torres Maria Eduarda de Lima
Published: November 2019

Abstract Objective: To understand the view of supporters and nurses on matrix support mental health actions in Primary Health Care. Method: A qualitative and phenomenological study, with Alfred Schutz’s framework of phenomenological sociology. The study was conducted with five supporters and 22 nurses from Basic Health Care Units in the city of Porto Alegre. The participants' intentions and expectations, captured through a phenomenological interview, made up the corpus of analysis. Results: The supporters have the intention, given the actions of the matrix support, to improve mental health care for the user. On the other hand, the nurses expect support to the health units, which reveals nonconformities in the mental health practices instituted in the basic network. Final considerations: Knowing the motivations of supporters and nurses can be a powerful strategy for consolidating public policies with a view to the psychosocial way in the territory.
Contribution of the nursing process for the construction of the identity of nursing professionals
Authors: Adamy Edlamar Kátia , Zocche Denise Antunes de Azambuja , Almeida Miriam de Abreu
Published: November 2019

Abstract Objective: To understand the meaning of the nursing process for the identity construction of nursing professionals. Method: A qualitative study based on the data-based theory and symbolic interactionism, carried out with 12 nursing professionals from November 2015 to February 2016 in a reference hospital in the south of Brazil. The data were collected through an intensive interview, analyzed using Nvivo® software. Results: The data show that the Nursing Process enabled professionals to assume multiple identities that contributed to the construction of the institutional identity of the nationally and internationally recognized hospital. Conclusion: The multiple individual, collective, and institutional identities are fostered by the construction, deconstruction, and reconstruction movements that make up this model of care, allowing for the creation of a culture of appreciation of the nursing process as a working method, that is, the nursing process was the origin of the nursing identity of the hospital.
Risks of enteral nutritional therapy: a clinical simulation
Authors: Corrêa Ana Paula Almeida , Nora Carlise Rigon Dalla , Sousa Gabriele Peres de , Santos Valessa Jamile dos , Viegas Graziela Lenz , Agea José Luís Díaz , Oliveira Adriana Catarina de Souza , Beghetto Mariur Gomes
Published: November 2019

Abstract Objective: Knowing the perceptions of nursing technicians about the risks to the patient in the use of enteral nutritional therapy, in a scenario of clinical simulation. Method: A qualitative study, performed through a clinical simulation with nursing technicians from a university hospital in the South of Brazil, in August 2017. The simulation sessions were recorded in audio and later transcribed. Content analysis was used for data analysis. Results: Four thematic categories resulted from the analysis: Risks related to the tube; Risks related to diet; Risks related to contamination and Risks related to routine. Conclusion: The clinical simulation allowed nursing technicians to identify risks in the practice of enteral nutritional therapy and ways to minimize them. Promoting spaces for continuing education in the service, using clinical simulation methodology, gives an opportunity for critical reflection, which can contribute to safer, effective and quality nursing care.
PEDAGOGIAS DO SOCIAL E DO AFETIVO EM "CAPÍTULO DOS CHAPÉUS", DE MACHADO DE ASSIS
Authors: MEIRE RAFAEL
Published: November 2019

Resumo Este artigo discute algumas tendências críticas seminais em torno da prosa machadiana, notadamente aquelas que trabalham com o conceito de sociedade enquanto categoria sociológica sumária. Para tanto, analisa aspectos do conto "Capítulo dos chapéus", aproximando-os das propostas teóricas do antropólogo Bruno Latour (2012) acerca da noção de social. Em diálogo com essas propostas, são levantadas hipóteses sobre o estatuto ontológico dos objetos e sua relação com as políticas afetivas do século XIX.
TRUNCAR DE AIRES: A FLOR ETERNA
Authors: FERREIRA DIANA DUARTE
Published: November 2019

Resumo Este texto visa analisar as ligações entre Esaú e Jacó e o Memorial de Aires, inseparáveis do vínculo entre Machado de Assis, o Editor e o Conselheiro Aires. Para entender esses vínculos é fundamental distinguir noções como livro, romance e narrativa. O livro é o objecto que contém o texto. O romance é a ficção que apresenta a narrativa. Em ambos os romances é possível associar um nome diferente a cada uma dessas noções. Machado é autor do livro. Mas o Editor é quem inaugura, na Advertência, a ficção de ambos os romances. Constitui o protagonista, Conselheiro Aires, como autor suposto e póstumo das narrativas. Mas apresenta-as, em simultâneo, reformuladas e truncadas de acordo com um critério próprio.
ACCIDENTAL POISONING IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS ADMITTED TO A REFERRAL TOXICOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF A BRAZILIAN EMERGENCY HOSPITAL
Authors: Vilaça Luciana , Volpe Fernando Madalena , Ladeira Roberto Marini
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the profile of children and adolescents admitted for exogenous unintentional poisoning in the emergency room and analyze factors associated with subsequent in-hospital admissions. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study based on hospital records of all subjects up to 19 years-old admitted in 2013 at a specialized toxicology service on a major public emergency hospital due to unintentional intoxication (as reported). Accidents with poisonous animals and insects were excluded. Percentages and frequencies were calculated for the qualitative variables, and measures of central tendency and dispersion for the continuous quantitative variables. Multivariate analysis was performed using binary logistic regression to identify variables associated with subsequent in-hospital admissions. Results: In 2013, 353 cases were reported. Poisonings were more frequent in children 0-4 years-old (72.5%) and in boys (55%). The vast majority was of dwellers of the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte (83%), and 90% of the accidental poisonings occurred at home. 82.7% of the poisonings occurred by oral ingestion, especially of medicinal (36.5%) and cleaning products (29.4% of all poisonings). Only 12.2% of the cases resulted in hospitalization, and only one resulted in death. Residing outside Belo Horizonte (OR=5.20 [95%CI 2.37-11.44]) and poisoning by two or more products (OR=4.29 [95%CI 1.33-13.82]) were considered risk factors for hospitalization. Conclusions: Accidental poisonings occurred most frequently by ingestion of household medications and cleaning products, especially among children under 4 years-old. Preventive strategies should be primarily directed for this prevalent profile.
COMPLEXITY OF PEDIATRIC CHRONIC DISEASE: CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY WITH 16,237 PATIENTS FOLLOWED BY MULTIPLE MEDICAL SPECIALTIES
Authors: Passone Caroline Gouveia Buff , Grisi Sandra Josefina , Farhat Sylvia Costa , Manna Thais Della , Pastorino Antonio Carlos , Alveno Renata Antunes , Miranda Caroline Vasconcelos Sá , Waetge Aurora Rosaria , Cordon Mariana Nutti , Odone-Filho Vicente , Tannuri Uenis , Carvalho Werther Brunow , Carneiro-Sampaio Magda , Silva Clovis Artur
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess demographic data and characteristics of children and adolescents with pediatric chronic diseases (PCD), according to the number of specialties/patient. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study with 16,237 PCD patients at outpatient clinics in one year. Data were analyzed by an electronic data system, according to the number of physician appointments for PCD. This study assessed: demographic data, follow-up characteristics, types of medical specialty, diagnosis (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems - ICD-10), number of day hospital clinic visits, and acute complications. Results: Patients followed by ≥3 specialties simultaneously showed a significantly higher duration of follow-up compared to those followed by ≤2 specialties [2.1 (0.4-16.4) vs. 1.4 (0.1-16.2) years; p<0.001] and a higher number of appointments in all specialties. The most prevalent medical areas in patients followed by ≥3 specialties were: Psychiatry (Odds Ratio - OR=8.0; confidence interval of 95% - 95%CI 6-10.7; p<0.001), Palliative/Pain Care (OR=7.4; 95%CI 5.7-9.7; p<0.001), Infectious Disease (OR=7.0; 95%CI 6.4-7.8; p<0.001) and Nutrology (OR=6.9; 95%CI 5.6-8.4; p<0.001). Logistic regressions demonstrated that PCD patients followed by ≥3 specialties were associated with high risk for: number of appointments/patient (OR=9.2; 95%CI 8.0-10.5; p<0.001), day hospital clinic visits (OR=4.8; 95%CI 3.8-5.9; p<0.001), emergency department visits (OR=3.2; 95%CI 2.9-3.5; p<0.001), hospitalizations (OR=3.0; 95%CI 2.7-3.3; p<0.001), intensive care admissions (OR=2.5; 95%CI 2.1-3.0; p<0.001), and deaths (OR=2.8; 95%CI 1.9-4.0; p<0.001). The diagnosis of asthma, obesity, chronic pain, and transplant was significantly higher in patients followed by ≥3 specialties. Conclusions: The present study showed that PCD patients who required simultaneous care from multiple medical specialties had complex and severe diseases, with specific diagnoses.
TEMPORAL TREND OF HOSPITALIZATIONS FOR ACUTE BRONCHIOLITIS IN INFANTS UNDER ONE YEAR OF AGE IN BRAZIL BETWEEN 2008 AND 2015
Authors: Tumba Kanama , Comaru Talitha , Machado Camila , Ribeiro Manoel , Pinto Leonardo Araújo
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the trend of hospitalization for acute bronchiolitis in infants under one year of age, in the past eight years and after the implementation of the palivizumab immunization program in Brazil. Methods: The study is a retrospective analysis of data on infants younger than one year of age, who were hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis between 2008 and 2015 in Brazil. The Brazilian National Health System database was used. The rates of hospitalization in the pre-implementation (2008-2012) and post-implementation (2014-2015) periods of the palivizumab immunization program were evaluated. The total number of admissions in the same period was used as a comparison. Results: Between January 2008 and December 2015, 263,679 hospitalizations for bronchiolitis were recorded in infants younger than one year of age, 60% represented by boys. The incidence of hospitalization for bronchiolitis increased by 49% over this period (8.5 to 12.7 per 1,000 inhabitants per year). Between 2013 and 2014, the incidence rate of hospitalization for acute bronchiolitis decreased by 8% (12.5 to 11.5 per 1,000 inhabitants per year). However, in the second year of the program, hospitalization rate increased again by 10% (12.7 per 1,000 inhabitants per years). Conclusions: Acute bronchiolitis presented increasing rates of hospitalization over the study period. Hospitalization incidence for acute bronchiolitis declined one year after the implementation of palivizumab but increased again in the second year of the program.