bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cooperative Study for Power Spectral Towards Different Sizes Taper Optical Microfiber for Sensing Purpose
Authors: Aminah Ahmad  , Muhammad Azami Nazhan Muhamad Zahir  , Md Ashadi Md Johari  , Mohd Hafiz Jali  , Haziezol Helmi Mohd Yusof
Published: April 2024

Optical fibre, also referred to as fibre optics, is a method and medium of transmitting data using bursts of light through strands of glass or plastic. When light signals travel through fibre optic cables, they bounce off the core and cladding in a series of zigzag bounces, which is a phenomenon known as total internal reflection. Microfiber optic sensors have recently gained considerable attention due to their high sensitivity, quick detection, and adaptability to harsh environments. To produce microfibers in various diameters, a tapering technique is used. However, the sensor's performance may vary depending on the transmitted power levels produced by the different taper microfiber sizes. Several diameters of taper microfiber will be used as sensors to determine the sensing performance. The results indicate that the best performing sensors are those with smallest diameters.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye by Using Different Nanoparticles
Authors: Benazir S Pirjade  , Shivaji Dinkar Jadhav  , Israr Ahmad Shaikh  , Sher Afghan Khan
Published: April 2024

Zinc sulfide nanoparticles (NPs) were produced through a straightforward and cost-efficient chemical co-precipitation technique, intended for use in the photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue (MB) dye, both under ultraviolet and visible light exposure. To evaluate the synthesized nanoparticles, various analytical tools including ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) were employed. The XRD analysis confirmed the cubic symmetry of the synthesized NPs. SEM analysis revealed that the nanoparticles tend to aggregate, forming clusters of nanoparticles. TEM analysis illustrated that the ZnS nanoparticles exhibit a spherical morphology with uniform size distribution. Additionally, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis exhibited a vibrational peak at 616 cm-1. The degradation of methyl blue was investigated using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer as part of the study.
Análise do crédito direcionado com recursos do BNDES para pessoas jurídicas
Authors: Portela Cayan , Araujo Jéssica , De Negri João Alberto
Published: April 2024

O crédito direcionado (CD) é um empréstimo subsidiado que possui características atrativas do ponto de vista do tomador, com taxas de juros inferiores e prazos maiores em relação às práticas do mercado. Em oposição, o crédito livre (CL) apresenta juros maiores e prazos menores – já que as instituições financeiras (IFs) têm autonomia sobre a destinação de seus recursos captados que não são subsidiados pelo governo.
Matrizes de transição de risco de crédito para firmas brasileiras : comparação crédito livre e direcionado
Authors: De Negri João Alberto , Alves Patrick Franco , Mattos Ludmilla
Published: April 2024

Uma possibilidade prática na construção de matrizes de transição de risco de crédito é coletar frequências históricas para determinado horizonte de tempo em uma matriz, conforme apresentado na tabela 1. As transições apresentadas inicialmente foram construídas comparando-se o rating de crédito inicial e final, considerando o período de 2004 a 2017.
Elasticidades, juros e prazo da demanda de crédito livre e direcionado no Brasil
Authors: De Negri João Alberto , Alves Patrick Franco , Koyama Sergio Mikio , Araújo Bruno César
Published: April 2024

Identifica as variáveis que afetam a demanda de crédito livre e direcionado para as empresas brasileiras, identifica variáveis que caracterizam a relação entre esses dois mercados de crédito. A definição das hipóteses deste trabalho levou em conta diversos estudos empíricos, em particular estudos que tratam da atuação dos bancos públicos no sistema financeiro.
Evaluation on Food Allergy in Young Females in the Age Group of 18-25 Years. A Study from Tamilnadu, India.
Authors: Anusha R. , Christuraj P.Allwin , Abila S. C. , Shivaani V. G. Amirtha , Keerthiga S.
Published: April 2024

The development of allergies to foods, one of the most common forms of immune-mediated adverse food reactions, is characterized by the presence of IgE. Inflammation that is triggered by cell components and brought on by T lymphocytes and eosinophils may accompany it. Food allergy study was carried out at Sree Ramakrishna medical college of naturopathy and yogic sciences and hospital in Kulasekharam, Tamil Nadu, India. Females between the ages of 18 to 25 are participating in the study. After the purpose of the study was described, verbal consent was obtained. 30 people answered this questionnaire. The survey consists of thirty questions. The questionnaire parameters covered the following topics anxiety, skin diseases, facial hygiene, and digestive issues. Female participants who were unwilling or uncooperative were not allowed to continue with the study. Food allergies affect most women. They do not eat a healthy, balanced diet. The level of knowledge regarding the amount of food and water consumed is not typical. Thus, there is a greater need to educate women about the need to maintain excellent hygiene, eating a balanced diet, and drinking enough water. Future health care initiatives should focus on these areas to enhance the general health and well-being of young women.
Influence of Feedback Provision on Teachers’ Attitude towards Performance Appraisal in Public Primary Schools in Homa-Bay Sub County, Kenya
Authors: Lucy Akinyi Okeyo , Joshua Odhiambo Ogal , Nichanor Agonda Onyango
Published: April 2024

This study examined the influence of feedback provision on teachers’ attitudes towards performance appraisal in public primary schools in Homa-Bay Sub- County, Kenya. The appraisal of teachers’ performance in public schools in Kenya was initiated by the Teachers Service Commission in 2016. However, the initiative received resistance from the teachers’ unions rendering its implementation to be suspended temporarily until May 2016. Teachers’ performance evaluation guides improvement of teaching skills, to recognize and reinforce teaching excellence, to help teachers focus on student outcomes, and to plan in service education activities. Even so, there is a dearth of information regarding the factors influencing public primary school teachers’ attitudes towards performance appraisal in Homa-Bay Sub County. Therefore, the study specifically sought to: determine the influence of feedback provision on teachers’ attitudes towards performance appraisal in public primary schools in Homa-Bay Sub-County. The study was guided by goal setting theory. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The target population comprised of 1 CSO 57 head teachers and 548 teachers from 57 public primary schools. A sample size of 26 head teachers and 133 teachers were selected for inclusion in the study through simple random sampling. Therefore, a total of 160 respondents took part in the study. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from one CSO, 26 head teachers and 133 teachers. Structured and semi- structured interviews were conducted through interview guides. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics through SPSS and results presented in tables, while the qualitative data was analyzed thematically. The study revealed that both head teachers and teachers strongly agreed that feedback is only given to them when they ask. This is seen in the highest mean rating of 4.48. The second which was agreed by most head teachers and teachers was that feedback has led to negative attitude towards performance appraisal. This was evidenced by the overall mean rate of 4.08.
An Effective Multiple-Bit Data Abstraction and Lossless Retrieval without Shifting
Authors: Arunkumar P. , Divya S. , Baskar E. , Brindha Devi R.
Published: April 2024

Cryptography and Steganography are two major forms of enforcing data privacy, with the former being prevalent. For small payloads, Steganography is preferred, as the data remains concealed and abstracted. The process involves embedding bits onto a carrier image. However, the disadvantage of steganography is that the carrier image gets distorted, which is a major concern when it comes to pixel sensitive images, such as forensic and medical images that aremission critical. Furthermore, due to modifications in the pixel values, the images get distorted, which can be irrecoverable. Hence, the technique of Reversible Data Hiding(RDH) can be used as a solution. Usually two methods are used under RDH, namely Histogram Shifting (HS) and Difference Expansion (DE). Histogram Shifting method shifts all pixel values between pairs of peak and zero points, which allows data to be embedded in the intermediate points. However, this method also depends on frequencies of pixel values on the image, andthe embedding capacity varies greatly on the image. In Difference Expansion Method, the difference between a pixel and its adjacent pixels is considered to embed a single bit intoone of the pixels. Here, a scheme to embed multiple bits in a pixel is proposed, which greatly enhances the embedding capacity. Initially, three horizontally adjacent pixels are takenand the difference between the rightmost and leftmost pixel iscalculated. This difference is used to classify the centre pixel as embeddable or non-embeddable. If the pixel is embeddable, anew pixel value is calculated, which comprises of the secret bits, offset bits and flag bits, without the use of any difference expansion or histogram shifting process. The secret bits and the original pixel value can be easily recovered from the modified value using the offset and flag bits. This scheme has higher embedding capacity, and lower complexity in terms of computations, when comparedwith other RDH schemes.
A Machine Learning-Based PE Header Analysis for Malware Detection
Authors: Gujar Shruti , Patil Saurabh
Published: April 2024

The malware is file or piece of code which is delivered over network that infects or conducts any behavior as attacker desired. So, it is one of the most serious threats to modern world specially who are in touch of computerand information technology. The older signature-based detection is not convenient all the time. This was not the perfect approach as it was detection which uses unique signature or digital footprint from software running on secured system. This method is used in antivirus programs. These programs scan any software program and try to identify the signatures. These signatures are then compared to signature of known malwares. But signatures may not be known to us every time. This method has some lots of limitations. It is unable to the new patterns or indicators of new threats that are not already known. As a result, security professionals often this method in conjunction with tools that provide context into their network behavior. The PE is actually file layout that is present in .exe, .dll file formats and other machine level code and their PE headers contains information that can help us distinguish between malicious malware files and legitimate files. This method is helpful to find hidden patterns and to establish new techniques to recognize the files. The virus share suffixedfiles are also the files which performs malicious activities and malware in nature. Even this type of files can be trained and recognized with the help of PE headers-based method to recognize the nature of file. Its possible to identify the malware by looking at some key features from headers such as checksum, section name, initialized data Size, DLL characteristics and major image version.Looking at the PE header is much faster than scanning the whole information in the PE. Thus, the prediction of files are possible even with faster rate. In this paper, we will understand the different attributes available in PE headers to carefully analyses the trends and to distinguish the given executable files as malicious or legitimate on basis of PE headers using advance machine learning algorithms.
Expanding Mars’s Climate Modeling: Interpretable Machine Learning for Modeling Mars Science Laboratory Relative Humidity
Authors: Abdelmoneim Nour , Dhuri Dattaraj B. , Atri Dimitra , Martínez Germán
Published: April 2024

For the past several decades, numerous attempts have been made to model the climate of Mars, with extensive studies focusing on the planet’s dynamics and climate. While physical modeling and data assimilation approaches have made significant progress, uncertainties persist in comprehensively capturing the complexities of the Martian climate. We propose a novel approach to Martian climate modeling by leveraging machine-learning techniques that have shown remarkable success in Earth climate modeling. Our study presents a deep neural network designed to model relative humidity in Gale crater, as measured by NASA’s Mars Science Laboratory “Curiosity” rover. By utilizing meteorological variables produced by the Mars Planetary Climate Model, our model accurately predicts relative humidity with a mean error of 3% and an R
2 score of 0.92 over the range of relative humidity compared. Furthermore, we present an approach to predict quantile ranges of relative humidity, catering to applications that require a range of values. To address the challenge of interpretability associated with machine-learning models, we utilize an interpretable model architecture and conduct an in-depth analysis of its decision-making processes. We find that our neural network can model relative humidity at Gale crater using a few meteorological variables, with the monthly mean surface H2O layer, planetary boundary layer height, convective wind speed, and solar zenith angle being the primary contributors. In addition to providing an efficient method for modeling climate variables on Mars, this approach can also be utilized to expand on current data sets by filling spatial and temporal gaps in observations.
Silicate Mineralogy from Vis–NIR Reflectance Spectra
Authors: Korda David , Kohout Tomáš
Published: April 2024

The asteroid composition is the key to understanding the origin and evolution of the solar system. The composition is imprinted at specific wavelengths of the asteroid reflectance spectra. We wish to find the optimal wavelength range and step of reflectance spectra that contain sufficient information about S-complex asteroids while keeping the data volume as low as possible. We especially aim for the ASPECT instrument on board the Milani/Hera CubeSat that will observe the S-complex binary asteroid (65803) Didymos–Dimorphos. We use labeled reflectance spectra of the most common silicate found in meteorites, namely olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, and their mixtures. The spectra are interpolated to various wavelength grids. We use convolutional neural networks and train them with the labeled interpolated reflectance spectra. The reliability of the network outputs is evaluated using standard regression metrics. We do not find any significant dependence between the error of the model predictions and normalization position, fineness of coverage within the 1 μm band, and wavelength step up to 50 nm. High-precision predictions of the olivine and orthopyroxene modal abundances are obtained using spectra that cover wavelengths from 750 to 1050 nm and from 750 to 1250 nm, respectively. For high-precision predictions of the olivine chemical composition, the spectra should cover wavelengths from 750 to 1550 nm. The orthopyroxene chemical composition can be estimated from spectra that cover wavelengths from 750 to 1350 nm. We design a simple web interface through which everybody can use the pretrained models.
Using N2 as a final electron receptor in yeast to produce NH3 in bioreactors
Authors: Gaballah Yousef
Published: April 2024

This research proposal aims to replacement of N2 molecule (instead of O2) as a final electron receptor in micro-organisms so that they can produce NH3, which is important industrially, instead of H2O. This idea is based on the hypothesis that replacement of the central atom in gas-carrying compounds in living organisms such as chlorophyll, heme and hemocyanin would replace the fixed gas. However, NH3 is an expensive product because it is produced using Haber-Bosch reaction technique which requires high temperature and pressure. Therefore, it is predictable here to produce NH3 so simply in bioreactors which is a great economic benefit.
Guidance on the use of microscopy in the detection of zoosporic parasites of phytoplankton in natural systems and algal biotechnology
Authors: Stupar Milos , Gongi Wejden , Van den Wyngaert Silke , Kraberg Alexandra , Reñé Albert , Rasconi Serena
Published: April 2024

The objective of this methodological paper is to outline a microscopy protocol for detecting and observing fungal zoosporic parasites of phytoplankton in natural environments, with potential applications in algal biotechnology to enhance the success and sustainability of algal cultivation endeavors. The fluorescent dual staining with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and Calcofluor White (CFW) showcased during the Training School "Identification and detection of zoosporic parasites" in Neuglobsow (Germany) from 16th till 18th of May 2023 and organized and funded by COST Action ParAqua (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) illustrated its ease of implementation and suitability for diverse natural and artificial systems.
New records of rove beetles from the Province of Quebec, and additional provincial records in Canada (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae)
Authors: Bédard Nicolas , Brunke Adam , Bloin Pierrick , Leclerc Ludovic
Published: April 2024

We newly report 25 provincial records of rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) from the province of Quebec from the following subfamilies: Steninae (1), Euaesthetinae (1), Omaliinae (2), Oxyporinae (1), Paederinae (1), Proteininae (1), Pselaphinae (2), Scaphidiinae (2), Scydmaeninae (2), Staphylininae (11) and Tachyporinae (1). Among these, two species are also reported for the first time from Ontario, two from Nova Scotia, and five are new Canadian records. We also report the first supporting data for Sunius melanocephalus (Fabricius, 1792) and Scopaeus minutus Erichson, 1840 for Quebec, and of Arpedium schwarzi Fauvel, 1878, Phyllodrepa punctiventris (Fauvel, 1878), and Sepedophilus basalis (Erichson, 1839) for Ontario. Specimen data and diagnoses are provided for each species, as well as references for identification where available.
Increased Interferon Signaling in Vaginal Tissue of Patients With Primary Sjögren Syndrome
Authors: Visser Annie , van Nimwegen Jolien F. , Wilbrink Rick , Liefers Silvia C. , van der Tuuk Karin , Mourits Marian J.E. , Diercks Gilles F.H. , Bart Joost , van der Vegt Bert , van Kempen Léon C. , Bootsma Hendrika , Kroese Frans G.M. , Verstappen Gwenny M.
Published: April 2024

Objective

Vaginal dryness is an important factor influencing sexual function in women with primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS). Previous studies showed a higher degree of inflammation in vaginal biopsies from patients with pSS compared to non-pSS controls. However, the molecular pathways that drive this inflammation remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate inflammatory pathway activity in the vaginal tissue of patients with pSS.

Methods

Vaginal biopsies of 8 premenopausal patients with pSS experiencing vaginal dryness and 7 age-matched non-pSS controls were included. Expression of genes involved in inflammation and tissue homeostasis was measured using NanoString technology and validated using TaqMan Real-Time PCR. Vaginal tissue sections were stained by immunohistochemistry for myxovirus resistance protein 1 (MxA) and CD123 (plasmacytoid dendritic cells [pDCs]).

Results

The most enriched pathway in vaginal biopsies from patients with pSS compared to non-pSS controls was the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway (P< 0.01). Pathway scores for Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) and Notch signaling were also higher (P< 0.01 for both pathways). Conversely, transforming growth factor-β signaling and angiogenesis pathway scores were lower in pSS (P= 0.02 andP= 0.04, respectively). Differences in IFN signaling between patients with pSS and non-pSS controls were confirmed by PCR and MxA tissue staining. No CD123+ pDCs were detected in vaginal biopsies. IFN-stimulated gene expression levels correlated positively with CD45+ cell numbers in vaginal biopsies and serum anti-SSA/Ro positivity.

Conclusion

Upregulation of IFN signaling in vaginal tissue of women with pSS, along with its association with tissue pathology, suggests that IFNs contribute to inflammation of the vaginal wall and potentially also to clinical symptomatology (ie, vaginal dryness).
Pan American League of Associations for Rheumatology Recommendations for the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Fernández-Ávila Daniel G. , Bautista-Molano Wilson , Brance María Lorena , Ávila Pedretti María Gabriela , Burgos Vargas Rubén , Díaz Coto José Francisco , Gutiérrez Luis Arturo , Gutiérrez Marwin , Giraldo Ho Enrique , Ibáñez Vodnizza Sebastián Eduardo , Jáuregui Edwin , Ocampo Vanessa , Palominos Penélope Esther , Palleiro Rivero Daniel Ruben , Andrés Quiceno Guillermo , Sommerfleck Fernando Andrés , Vega Espinoza Luis Enrique , Vega Hinojosa Oscar , Vera Barrezueta Claudia , Corbacho Inés , Cosentino Vanesa Laura , Goecke Sariego Annelise , Resende Gustavo Gomes , Saldarriaga-Rivera Lina María , Pacheco Tena Cesar Francisco , Citera Gustavo , Lozada Carlos , Ranza Roberto , Sampaio-Barros Percival D. , Schneeberger Emilce , Soriano Enrique R. ,   on behalf of the Pan American League of Associations for Rheumatology (PANLAR)
Published: April 2024

Objective

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is chronic disease that compromises multiple domains and might be associated with progressive joint damage, increased mortality, functional limitation, and considerably impaired quality of life. Our objective was to generate evidence-based recommendations on the management of PsA in Pan American League of Associations for Rheumatology (PANLAR) countries.

Methods

We used the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE)-ADOLOPMENT approach to adapt the 2019 recommendations of the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology. A working group consisting of rheumatologists from various countries in Latin America identified relevant topics for the treatment of PsA in the region. The methodology team updated the evidence and synthesized the information used to generate the final recommendations. These were then discussed and defined by a panel of 31 rheumatologists from 15 countries.

Results

Theses guidelines report 15 recommendations addressing therapeutic targets, use of antiinflammatory agents and corticosteroids, treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (conventional synthetic, biologic, and targeted synthetic), therapeutic failure, optimization of biologic therapy, nonpharmacological interventions, assessment tools, and follow-up of patients with PsA.

Conclusion

Here we present a set of recommendations to guide decision making in the treatment of PsA in Latin America, based on the best evidence available, considering resources, medical expertise, and the patient's values and preferences. The successful implementation of these recommendations should be based on clinical practice conditions, healthcare settings in each country, and a tailored evaluation of patients.
Hospitalization and Mortality Due to Infection Among Children and Adolescents With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the United States
Authors: Roberts Jordan E. , Faino Anna , Bryan Mersine A. , Cogen Jonathan D. , Morgan Esi M.
Published: April 2024

Objective

We aimed to determine the frequency and types of infections in hospitalized children with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE), and to identify risk factors for intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study of youth aged 2 to 21 years using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes for SLE assigned during admission to a hospital participating in the Pediatric Health Information System, a database of United States children’s hospitals, from 2009 to 2021. Generalized linear mixed effects models were used to identify risk factors for ICU admission and mortality among children hospitalized with infection.

Results

We identified 8588 children with cSLE and ≥ 1 hospitalization. Among this cohort, there were 26,269 hospitalizations, of which 13% had codes for infections, a proportion that increased over time (P= 0.04). Bacterial pneumonia was the most common hospitalized infection. In-hospital mortality occurred in 0.4% (n = 103) of cSLE hospitalizations for any indication and 2% of hospitalizations for infection (n = 60). The highest mortality rates occurred withPneumocystis jiroveciipneumonia (21%) and other fungal infections (21%). Lupus nephritis (LN) and endstage renal disease (ESRD) were associated with increased odds of ICU admission (odds ratio [OR] 1.47 [95% CI 1.2-1.8] and OR 2.40 [95% CI 1.7-3.4]) among children admitted for serious infection. ESRD was associated with higher mortality (OR 2.34 [95% CI 1.1-4.9]).

Conclusion

Hospitalizations with ICD codes for infection comprised a small proportion of cSLE admissions but accounted for the majority of mortality. The proportion of hospitalizations for infection increased over time. LN and ESRD were risk factors for poor outcomes.
Analyzing the factors that affect the renewable energy PPP market: A comparative analysis between developing and developed countries
Authors: Othman Kareem , Khallaf Rana
Published: April 2024

Over the past few years, an increase in energy demand has been observed along with the required additional energy supply. These are some of the major challenges that governments are facing at a global level. The dependence on fossil fuels for energy generation is one of the main reasons behind global warming and the increased levels of pollution. Additionally, the limited reserve of fossil fuels means that it is not a sustainable source of energy that can be relied upon indefinitely. As a result, various governments around the world have sought renewable energy to provide a clean and sustainable source of energy. However, the main problem facing renewable energy projects is the upfront cost needed for them. Thus, governments have sought partnerships with the private sector to take advantage of their expertise and their financing. As a result, renewable energy projects have become commonly delivered as public-private partnerships (PPPs). This study reports on the renewable energy PPP market globally through a detailed literature review and questionnaire. The responses of 86 experts were collected and classified based on whether their experience was in developed or developing countries. The results showed that the main barriers affecting renewable energy PPPs globally are political and regulatory barriers. While the experts highlighted that the public sector cannot appropriately identify, value, or transfer risks, the private sector was highlighted as an efficient party in dealing with risks. In addition, the analysis contrasted renewable energy PPP market in developed and developed countries.
Variaciones geométricas y constructivas en los elementos que componen el acueducto romano del Serino en Campania, Italia
Authors: Cabañas Galán Nieves , Del Puerto Adelaida , Buonanno Daniela
Published: April 2024

En la región Campana al sur de Italia; los Apeninos, el Vesubio y el litoral de perfil cambiante, comparten un mismo territorio. Un acueducto de origen romano ha permitido la conducción de agua y el florecer de asentamientos a su paso por la zona costera de los golfos de Nápoles y Pozzuoli. La demanda de agua en ciudades y villas romanas, han determinado la escala de la conducción, con sección y longitud entre las mayores de Europa. A lo largo de su recorrido se produce el reciclaje de otras infraestructuras previas y la necesidad de excavar cisternas bajo el casco urbano consolidado, como es el caso de Nápoles. Todo ello ha favorecido las características únicas en geometría y en soluciones constructivas. El objetivo de esta investigación es describir los elementos que componen la infraestructura hidráulica que reparte agua por un territorio únicamente por la acción de la gravedad.
La notion de rituel dans le discours institutionnel de la Banque d’Angleterre
Authors: Harris Laurence
Published: April 2024

L’objectif de cette contribution est de rassembler les dimensions rituelles d’ordre situationnel, discursif et lexical propres au discours spécialisé en contexte institutionnel afin de caractériser le lien entre variété spécialisée de discours et la notion de rituel. Une exploration des espaces de ce genre discursif au prisme du rituel permet d’aborder chacune de ces dimensions à la lumière des contraintes qui président à l’élaboration du genre. Des fragments lexicaux au cérémonial en passant par les mythes et les métaphores, le rituel qui accompagne l’allocution annuelle prononcée par le gouverneur de la Banque d’Angleterre à Mansion House fournit un cas d’étude propre au milieu institutionnel britannique. La perspective diachronique permet d’évaluer les formes et les fonctions de ce rituel sur une période de 77 ans. L’accumulation d’itérations successives portées par la performance rituelle confère une stabilité institutionnelle, suscite la confiance et maintient l’autorité.
Les références culturelles spécialisées dans Shall We Tell the President ? de Jeffrey Archer, une FASP politique américaine
Authors: Hascoët Nathalie
Published: April 2024

Lorsqu’elle relève du savoir commun et partagé, la référence culturelle sert à évoquer un contenu de sens sans qu’il soit nécessaire de le décrire. À l’inverse, lorsque l’auteur utilise des référents culturels dont il postule qu’ils sont inconnus de son interlocuteur, la stratégie qu’il met en œuvre est différente. Aussi, organise-t-il les outils discursifs de la fiction en découpant le réel en deux catégories que nous nous proposons d’étudier ici. Dans une perspective sociolinguistique de la coénonciation (Morel et Danon-Boileau 1998), cette étude s’intéresse à l’environnement discursif autour de la référence culturelle dans une œuvre de fiction contemporaine. Ainsi, nous étudions comment l’auteur d’une fiction à substrat professionnel (FASP) politique américaine, par la voix de son narrateur ou de ses personnages, se positionne par rapport aux références culturelles qu’il emploie, mais aussi comment il prend en compte un lecteur préconstruit.
Perry Mason, créateur de discours et de FASP : un regard rétrospectif à l’occasion de son 90e anniversaire
Authors: Chapon Sandrine
Published: April 2024

Cet article est une analyse du phénomène culturel Perry Mason, créé par l’avocat/auteur Erle Stanley Gardner en 1933, et qui fit l’objet d’un reboot télévisé en 2020. L’étude, qui s’inscrit dans la dimension culturelle de la recherche en anglais de spécialité, porte sur les références intertextuelles à Perry Mason qui servent à explorer les normes qui régissent la caractérisation de ce héros. Nous proposons de montrer que les différentes réécritures permettent de revisiter le formula show en tant que genre parfois pour rendre hommage à ce personnage au statut mythique parfois pour déconstruire son caractère manichéen. Dans un second temps, nous analysons, l’influence du personnage fictif sur la communauté professionnelle des juristes. Enfin, nous montrons que cette FASP mythique a participé à la création de terminologie spécialisée qui rend les frontières entre fiction et réalité perméables.
A decolonial critical theory of artificial intelligence
Authors: Oliveira Nythamar H. de
Published: April 2024

In this paper, I argue for a normative reconstruction, from a decolonial perspective of critical theory in Brazil and Latin America, of a democratic ethos that despite its weaknesses and normative deficits is capable of fostering an increasingly deliberative, participatory, and egalitarian democracy by making extensive use of new digital technologies (comprising both AI systems and digital governance). Its argumentative core boils down to the promotion of intersectional egalitarianism (socio-economic, gender, racial-ethnic, environmental) through digital inclusion, which seems only feasible to us from a perspective capable of accommodating the normative claims of a critical decolonial theory combined with a naturalistic view of sustainability, within a research program that I dubbed “mitigated social constructionism” in response to the phenomenological deficit of normative and naturalistic theories (including critical theory and neurophilosophy). If what matters is normativity, then to avoid the divide between naturalism and non-naturalist normativity one nonfoundationalist alternative is to resort to hermeneutical and procedural accounts of normativity as helpful clues to making sense of the naturalism-normativity problem, avoiding reductionist interpretations of both naturalism (Churchland) and normativism (Parfit).
Load Balancing Using Swarm Intelligence in Cloud Environment for Sustainable Development
Authors: Raghav Yogita Yashveer , Vyas Vaibahv
Published: April 2024

Load balancing plays a vital role in the effective management of resources within cloud computing environments. As the use of cloud technologies continues to expand rapidly, it becomes increasingly important to ensure efficient allocation of resources and address performance issues. The utilization of load balancing techniques becomes crucial in the distribution of workloads across multiple servers, thereby optimizing resource usage and enhancing system performance. Swarm intelligence-based load balancing presents a promising approach to achieving sustainable resource allocation in cloud environments. By leveraging self-organization and decentralized decision-making principles, swarm intelligence algorithms can optimize resource utilization, minimize energy consumption, and improve overall system performance. This chapter offers a comprehensive overview of this topic, emphasizing the potential advantages, challenges, and future directions associated with load balancing using swarm intelligence within the context of sustainable development in cloud environments.
Utilizing Big Data Technology for Online Financial Risk Management
Authors: Kotti Jayasri , Ganesh C. Naga , Naveenan R. V. , Gorde Swapnil Gulabrao , S. Mahabub Basha , Pramanik Sabyasachi , Gupta Ankur
Published: April 2024

The rise of cloud computing, internet of things, and information technology has made big data technology a common concern for many professionals and researchers. A financial risk control model, known as the MSHDS-RS model, was creatively suggested in response to the present state of inappropriate feature data design in big data risk control technology. The concept is built on multi source heterogeneous data structure (MSHDS) and random subspace (RS). This model is novel in that it uses a normalized sparse model for feature fusion optimization to create integrated features after extracting the hard and soft features from loan customer information sources. Subsequently, a base classifier is trained on the feature subset acquired via probability sampling, and its output is combined and refined by the application of evidence reasoning principles. The accuracy improvement rate of the MSHDS-RS method is approximately 3.0% and 3.6% higher than that of the current PMB-RS methods under the conditions of soft feature indicators and integrated feature indicators, respectively, according to an observation of the operation results of MSHDS-RS models under various feature sets. As a result, the suggested optimization fusion approach is trustworthy and workable. This study has helped to reduce financial risks associated with the internet and may be useful in helping lenders make wise judgments.
Inhibitors of Efflux Pumps
Authors: Kumar Neeraj , Bhattacharjee Sudeshna , Tyagi Rama
Published: April 2024

Multidrug-resistant bacteria are a major public health threat. MDR efflux pump overexpression and enzymatic changes are major antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Many drug and biofilm resistance strategies involve efflux pumps. Natural substrate and inhibitor identification is a new study. Efflux pump inhibition allows medication buildup inside bacterial cells, improving target delivery and antibacterial activity. This review examines the role of efflux pumps and natural compounds as inhibitors in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The authors also describe Enterobacteriaceae's AcrAB-TolC efflux pump structure, mechanisms, and antibiotic synergy with natural compounds.
Digitalization and the Rise of Green Finance
Authors: Patel Kaushikkumar
Published: April 2024

This chapter provides a comprehensive exploration of the intersection between digitalization and green finance, emphasizing its pivotal role in advancing environmental sustainability. Through a meticulous literature review, the authors identify the current state of digital green finance, highlighting both its transformative potential and the challenges it presents. The chapter offers a deeper understanding of the existing issues, controversies, and problems faced by practitioners and stakeholders in this domain. In response, the authors present well-reasoned solutions and recommendations, drawing from empirical evidence and innovative thinking. The chapter also ventures into future research directions, discussing emerging technologies and methodologies that promise to redefine the landscape of digital green finance. In conclusion, the authors reflect on the broader socio-economic and environmental implications of integrating digital tools in green finance, emphasizing the critical role they play in shaping a sustainable and resilient future.
Generative AI and Generative Pre-Trained Transformer Applications
Authors: Rosário Albérico Travassos
Published: April 2024

Generative AI, such as generative pre-trained transformer (GPT), has seen rapid advancements in recent years, offering a wide range of applications, but it also presents several challenges and opportunities. GPT can automate content generation for various industries, including journalism, marketing, and entertainment, reducing the need for manual content creation. Generative AI can personalize content and recommendations in e-commerce, streaming services, and more, enhancing user experiences. Generative AI, such as GPT, offers immense potential across various sectors but requires careful management to address bias, ethics, and quality control challenges. As technology evolves, finding the right balance between control and creativity will be crucial for maximizing its benefits while minimizing risks. Based on the above, the authors systematically review the bibliometric literature on how Generative AI and generative pre-trained transformer applications challenge opportunities using the Scopus database by analysing 49 academic and/or scientific documents.
Artificial Intelligence in Architecture
Authors: Karadag Ilker , Yıldız Aslı
Published: April 2024

The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly impacted many disciplines, including architecture. AI started redefining design boundaries and possibilities by opening up new realms of creativity. Within this scope, this chapter investigates the integration of AI in architectural design by exploring the potential of these advanced technologies. Moreover, ethical considerations regarding the role of AI in architectural design, which is an area of increasing importance and complexity, will also be investigated. The chapter will also engage with concerns about the potential loss of human touch in the design process, a critical aspect considering the intrinsic value of personal creativity and intuition in architecture. By addressing these concerns and presenting a detailed view, the chapter aims to foster a comprehensive understanding of AI's role in architecture, proposing an informed approach to integrate AI tools in the architectural design process.
Emerging Horizons
Authors: Pattani Ketaki Anandkumar , Gautam Sunil , Rizvi Ahsan
Published: April 2024

The convergence of cutting-edge technologies in the age of digital transformation has created a phenomenon that has the potential to redefine the very structure of our urban environments. The convergence of the internet of things (IoT) and the revolutionary features of 5G connectivity is set to bring about a transformative phase in urban living. This chapter determines how the convergence of IoT, smart cities, and 5G technology is reshaping our cities and fostering innovation, improving quality of life, and addressing current challenges. When IoT, smart cities, and 5G work together, they can make cities better, more sustainable, and more responsive to what people need. The chapter envisions convergence of the internet of things, smart cities, and 5G technology representing a transformative force that is reshaping the urban environment. This powerful combination has the potential to enhance the efficiency, sustainability, and overall quality of life in cities around the world.
5G Cityscape
Authors: Koranga Manisha , Kumar Tarun , Thakur Sujata Negi , Pandey Richa , Joshi Mayurika
Published: April 2024

The rise of 5G technology marks a significant shift in smart city development, bringing unprecedented connectivity and transformative opportunities. This chapter explores its profound impact on urban evolution, focusing on creating intelligent cityscapes. It examines key 5G components like the radio access network, core network, network slicing, edge computing, and IoT devices, enabling real-time monitoring, efficient resource management, and innovation in transportation, healthcare, public safety, and energy sectors. 5G facilitates intelligent transportation, enhances public safety via high-resolution video surveillance, and revolutionizes healthcare through telemedicine. Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) experiences, enabled by 5G, drive innovative urban solutions. The economic and societal implications, including economic growth, job creation, and civic engagement, are discussed. Overall, 5G fosters sustainable, efficient, and citizen-centric urban environments.
Enhancing Smart City Resilience
Authors: Pandey Richa , Rajput Ishwari Singh , Tyagi Sonam , Koranga Manisha , Sharma Praveen Kumar
Published: April 2024

Cloud computing for secure smart cities beyond 5G represents a cutting-edge approach to urban development and technology integration. It involves leveraging advanced cloud computing infrastructure and 5G connectivity to create highly secure, efficient, and interconnected smart city systems. In this context, cloud computing enables the centralized management of data and services, facilitating real-time analytics, resource optimization, and the seamless operation of various IoT devices and sensors throughout the city. The integration of 5G technology further enhances data transmission speed and capacity, ensuring rapid, reliable communication between devices and cloud resources. By prioritizing security, this approach safeguards sensitive data and ensures that smart city services operate within robust cybersecurity frameworks.
Cloud Computing for a Secure Smart City Beyond 5G
Authors: Patra Manoj Kumar , Sahoo Sampa , Sahoo Bibhudatta , Turuk Ashok Kumar
Published: April 2024

As the evolution of technology ushers in an era beyond 5G, integrating cloud computing into the landscape of smart cities becomes paramount. This chapter delves into the foundational concept of cloud computing and elucidates its pivotal role in shaping the future of secure and connected smart cities. With its on-demand services, scalability, and cost-effectiveness, cloud computing emerges as a key enabler for handling the intricate demands of urban environments. The chapter begins by defining cloud computing and providing an overview of its essential characteristics. It then pivots to the dynamic context of smart cities, where an intricate web of internet of things (IoT) devices, sensors, and urban systems generate copious amounts of data. Cloud computing offers a robust solution for storing, processing, and analyzing this data, empowering smart cities with real-time insights and informed decision-making capabilities. This chapter explores the synergy between cloud computing and 5G networks, emphasizing the importance of high-speed connectivity and low latency in the smart city paradigm. The integration of edge computing further enriches the smart city infrastructure, enabling rapid local processing and reducing latency for time-sensitive applications. Security, a paramount concern in smart city environments, is addressed as the chapter delves into the challenges and solutions provided by cloud computing. The role of cloud platforms in safeguarding citizen data, managing cyber-physical threats, and ensuring compliance with regulatory frameworks is thoroughly examined. This chapter also explores emerging trends, such as the integration of artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies, offering a glimpse into the future of cloud computing in the smart city landscape. In conclusion, this chapter not only defines the synergy between cloud computing and smart cities but also provides a comprehensive understanding of how cloud computing, in the context of 5G and beyond, is instrumental in fostering secure, connected, and resilient urban environments.
Unveiling the Layered Architecture of IoT
Authors: Gupta Purnima , Verma Deepak Kumar , Gupta Archana
Published: April 2024

This chapter presents an extensive exploration of the multi-layered framework constituting the IoT infrastructure. This abstract encapsulates a detailed examination of the fundamental layers integral to IoT's functionality. Starting with the foundational Perception Layer, encompassing sensors and actuators, it progresses to the Network Layer facilitating seamless data transmission. Delving deeper, it explores the Middleware Layer, pivotal in data processing, and the diverse functionalities of the application layer across various domains. Moreover, the abstract sheds light on the security and management layer, emphasizing its critical role in safeguarding IoT systems. The interplay and interdependence among these layers are intricately examined, illustrating their collective significance in orchestrating IoT operations. Through this comprehensive overview, the abstract aims to elucidate the nuanced interactions within the layered architecture, providing a holistic understanding essential for leveraging the potential of IoT technologies across diverse industries and applications.
Security and Its Implications on Healthcare in an IoT-Enabled Smart City
Authors: Natarajan N. Rajathi , Veerasamy Vanitha
Published: April 2024

Smart cities offer the usage of digital technology to enhance the quality of life for city residents. The goal of these cities is to deal with some of the issues that are projected to arise in future cities, enabling more efficient and sustainable resource management, among other benefits. Through technology innovation and data-driven decision-making, smart cities have the potential to make societies safer, more efficient, and more resilient. Healthcare is important for the thriving growth of smart cities, and providing high-quality medical care is the municipal government's most difficult duty. Smart healthcare is a realistic solution for the health care industry to intelligently manage patient flow systems. Adoption of smart healthcare reduces costs and improves illness management. However, as the scale of wearable medical devices increases, preserving privacy and security becomes more difficult. However, clever security measures will be required to ensure that these advancements are not jeopardized. This chapter aims to examine the role of cyber security in the development of smart city healthcare, as well as the key challenges and benefits of the cyber security in the smart city healthcare systems.