bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive and psychiatric outcomes in the GALAXY trial: effect of anaesthesia in deep brain stimulation
Authors: Holewijn Rozemarije A , Zoon Thomas J C , Verbaan Dagmar , Bergfeld Isidoor O , Verwijk Esmée , Geurtsen Gert J , van Rooijen Geeske , van den Munckhof Pepijn , Bot Maarten , Denys Damiaan A J P , De Bie Rob M A , Schuurman P Rick
Published: September 2023

Background

This study aims: (1) To compare cognitive and psychiatric outcomes after bilateral awake versus asleep subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery for Parkinson’s disease (PD). (2) To explore the occurrence of psychiatric diagnoses, cognitive impairment and quality of life after surgery in our whole sample. (3) To validate whether we can predict postoperative cognitive decline.

Methods

110 patients with PD were randomised to receive awake (n=56) or asleep (n=54) STN DBS surgery. At baseline and 6-month follow-up, all patients underwent standardised assessments testing several cognitive domains, psychiatric symptoms and quality of life.

Results

There were no differences on neuropsychological composite scores and psychiatric symptoms between the groups, but we found small differences on individual tests and cognitive domains. The asleep group performed better on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test delayed memory test (f=4.2, p=0.04), while the awake group improved on the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test delayed memory test. (f=4.4, p=0.04). The Stroop III score was worse for the awake group (f=5.5, p=0.02). Worse scores were present for Stroop I (Stroop word card) (f=6.3, p=0.01), Stroop II (Stroop color card) (f=46.4, p<0.001), Stroop III (Stroop color-word card) (f=10.8, p=0.001) and Trailmaking B/A (f=4.5, p=0.04). Improvements were seen on quality of life: Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-39 (f=24.8, p<0.001), and psychiatric scales: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (f=6.2, p=0.01), and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (f=5.5, p=0.02).

Conclusions

This study suggests that the choice between awake and asleep STN DBS does not affect cognitive, mood and behavioural adverse effects, despite a minor difference in memory. STN DBS has a beneficial effect on quality of life, mood and anxiety symptoms.

Trial registration number

NTR5809.
Invasive fungal diseases in patients with autoimmune diseases: a case series from the French RESSIF network
Authors: Galmiche Simon , Thoreau Benjamin , Bretagne Stéphane , Alanio Alexandre , Paugam André , Letscher-Bru Valérie , Cassaing Sophie , Gangneux Jean-Pierre , Guegan Hélène , Favennec Loïc , Minoza Alida , Morio Florent , Bonhomme Julie , Desoubeaux Guillaume , Eloy Odile , Hasseine Lilia , Sasso Milène , Millon Laurence , Bellanger Anne-Pauline , Poirier Philippe , Moniot Maxime , Chouaki Taieb , Huguenin Antoine , Dalle Frédéric , Bouteille Bernard , Nicolas Muriel , Desbois-Nogard Nicole , Bougnoux Marie-Elisabeth , Danion François , Poindron Vincent , Néel Antoine , Boukris-Sitbon Karine , Lanternier Fanny , Terrier Benjamin
Published: September 2023

Objectives

We aimed to describe patients with autoimmune diseases (AID) developing invasive fungal disease (IFD) and identify factors associated with short-term mortality.

Methods

We analysed cases of IFD associated with AID from the surveillance network of invasive fungal diseases (Réseau de surveillance des infections fongiques invasives, RESSIF) registry of the French national reference centre for invasive mycoses. We studied association of AID-specific treatments with 30-day mortality. We analysed total lymphocyte and CD4-T cell counts in patients withPneumocystis jiroveciipneumonia (PCP).

Results

From 2012 to 2018, 549 individuals with IFD and AID were included, mainly with PCP (n=227, 41.3%), fungemia (n=167, 30.4%) and invasive aspergillosis (n=84, 15.5%). Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) were the most frequent AID in PCP (n=55 and 25, respectively) and invasive aspergillosis (n=15 and 10, respectively), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) were predominant in fungemia (n=36). At IFD diagnosis, 365 (66.5%) patients received glucocorticoids (GCs), 285 (51.9%) immunosuppressants, 42 (7.7%) tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α blockers, 75 (13.7%) other biologics. Mortality at 30 days was 28.1% (143/508). Fungemia and high-dose GCs were independently associated with higher 30-day mortality. In PCP patients, lymphopenia <1500/mm3was frequent (132/179, 73.7%) even if CD4+T cell count exceeded 200/mm3in 56/78 patients (71.8%) (median 472.5/mm3, IQR 160–858).

Conclusion

IFD associated with AID occurs primarily in RA, AAV and IBD, especially when treated with GCs and immunosuppressants. Mortality is high, especially for patients on high-dose GCs. Lymphopenia may help identify risk of PCP, but normal CD4+T cell count does not rule out the risk. Further studies are needed to assess the individual risk factors for IFD.
Survey on surgical treatment of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis in China 2022
Authors: Gao Jiafang , Lai Dengming , Tou Jinfa
Published: September 2023

Objective

The aim of this study was to identify the state of surgical treatment of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in China.

Methods

A total of 246 delegates (88.0% senior surgeons) completed a survey sent by the Neonatal Surgery Group of the Pediatric Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association in 2022. Five centers were eliminated due to lack of experience.

Results

Generally, 38.2% of surgeons work in centers where more than 20 cases of surgical NEC are treated per year. A total of 81.3% of surgeons reported the use of ultrasonography; the most used biomarkers were white blood cell count (95.9%), C-reactive protein (93.8%), and procalcitonin (76.3%). Most surgeons (80.9%) used a combination of two (67.2%) antibiotics or single (29.5%) antibiotic for a treatment period of 7–14 days, and most used antibiotics were carbapenems (73.9%), penicillin and cephalosporins (56.0%). Patients are issued the fasting order for 5–7 days by nearly half surgeons (49.8%) for conservative treatment. 70.1% of surgeons deemed that the most difficult decision was to evaluate the optimal timing of surgery. Most surgeons (76.3%) performed diagnostic aspiration of peritoneal fluid. Laparoscopy was performed for the diagnosis and/or treatment of NEC by 40.2% of surgeons. A total of 53.5% of surgeons reported being able to identify localized intestinal necrosis preoperatively. Surgeons relied the most on pneumoperitoneum (94.2%) and failure of conservative treatment (88.8%) to evaluate the surgical indications. At laparotomy, surgical treatments vary according to NEC severity. Infants are fasted for 5–7 days by 55.2% of surgeons postoperatively. Most surgeons (91.7%) followed up with patients with NEC after discharge for up to 5 years (53.8%).

Conclusions

The most difficult aspect of surgical NEC is evaluating the timing of surgery, and surgeons in the children’s specialized hospitals are experienced. The treatment of NEC totalis is controversial, and the indications for laparoscopy need to be further clarified. More multicenter prospective studies are needed to develop surgical guidelines in the future.
Semantic Collaborative Learning for Cross-Modal Moment Localization
Authors: Hu Yupeng , Wang Kun , Liu Meng , Tang Haoyu , Nie Liqiang
Published: September 2023

Localizing a desired moment within an untrimmed video via a given natural language query, i.e., cross-modal moment localization, has attracted widespread research attention recently. However, it is a challenging task because it requires not only accurately understanding intra-modal semantic information, but also explicitly capturing inter-modal semantic correlations (consistency and complementarity). Existing efforts mainly focus on intra-modal semantic understanding and inter-modal semantic alignment, while ignoring necessary semantic supplement. Consequently, we present a cross-modal semantic perception network for more effective intra-modal semantic understanding and inter-modal semantic collaboration. Concretely, we design a dual-path representation network for intra-modal semantic modeling. Meanwhile, we develop a semantic collaborative network to achieve multi-granularity semantic alignment and hierarchical semantic supplement. Thereby, effective moment localization can be achieved based on sufficient semantic collaborative learning. Extensive comparison experiments demonstrate the promising performance of our model compared with existing state-of-the-art competitors.
Effectiveness Analysis of Entrepreneurial Legal Risk Prevention Based on Multi-Modal Deep Learning Model
Authors: Li Tianhua , Qu Shaowei
Published: September 2023

With the emergence of the upsurge of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs are increasingly concerned about legal risks. In the process of entrepreneurship, legal risk is the biggest hidden danger of entrepreneurial enterprises. The prevention and avoidance of legal risks is a long and arduous process, and not all risks can be identified and avoided in time. The deep learning method has brought great changes to the fields of speech recognition, image recognition and natural language processing. The tasks in these fields only involve single-mode input, but more recent applications need to involve multi-mode intelligence. Multimodal deep learning mainly includes three aspects: multimodal learning representation, multimodal signal fusion and multimodal application. Through the research on the legal risks in recent years, this paper believed that there are many legal problems in the development of entrepreneurial enterprises, including contract disputes, trade secret disputes, trademark infringement disputes, copyright infringement disputes, and so on. This paper aimed to study the problem of Legal Risks of Entrepreneurship (LRE) that entrepreneurs are concerned about, and proposed a new solution from the perspective of image recognition technology. 486 entrepreneurs were investigated by questionnaire. In the process of entrepreneurship, 87.04% of entrepreneurs encountered legal risks, and they would turn to lawyers for help, which is a better way. However, in most cases, entrepreneurs are exposed to LRE because of their insufficient understanding of economic law, so they solve it through lawyers. However, if a lawyer is hired, the cost would be very high, which would bring great economic pressure to the enterprise. Only 17.90% of entrepreneurs would safeguard their legitimate rights and interests through their own knowledge and legal weapons without resorting to lawyers. It can be seen that entrepreneurs have relatively low practical ability in the use of LRE, and their legal practical ability is obviously insufficient.
Assessing the Validity and Reliability of the Russian Version of the Leading a Culture of Quality in Infection Prevention Scale among Nurses in Kazakhstan
Authors: Cruz Jonas Preposi , Colet Paolo , Almazan Joseph , Kuntuganova Anargul , Syzdykova Alma , Agazhayeva Gaukhar
Published: September 2023

Background. Worldwide, hospitals are required to prioritize the culture of quality in infection prevention (CQIP) for patient safety. Assessing CQIP is crucial, but there is limited research, especially regarding nurses’ perceptions. Insufficient information exists due to scarcity of validated instruments in local languages to measure CQIP internationally. Purpose. This study assessed the “Leading a Culture of Quality in Infection Prevention Scale” Russian version’s (LCQ-IPS-R) validity and reliability to assess the CQIP of hospitals in Kazakhstan based on nurses’ perceptions. Methods. This study utilized a methodological design and analyzed data from 204 nurses at the “National Research Center for Maternal and Child Health” in Astana City, Kazakhstan. The “cultural and linguistic adaptation” process involved a “forward-backward translation” technique. Content validity and construct validity were examined. Internal consistency reliability was explored for scale reliability. Results. The scale’s mean item range was from 3.56 (SD = 1.22) to 4.40 (SD = 0.85; SD = 0.92). The corrected item-total correlation ranged from 0.321 to 0.707. Six experts rated the I-CVI from 0.83 to 1.00, with an S-CVI/Ave of 0.90. The principal component analysis with Varimax rotation produced four distinct components of the LCQ-IPS-R, explaining 69.8% of the total variance. The tests of correlation between the LCQ-IPS-R’s four components revealed medium to large positive associations among the components (r = 0.25–0.55,

p
<
0.001

). The computed α for the LCQ-IPS-R was 0.909 while α values from four subscales ranged from 0.809 to 0.921. Conclusions/Implications for Practice. This study provides evidence of the LCQ-IP-R’s reliability and validity in evaluating Russian-speaking nurses’ perception of their hospital’s CQIP. These findings open the door for further research on CQIP in healthcare settings in Kazakhstan, Central Asia, and other Russian-speaking countries. The scale provides essential baseline information to design effective interventions for achieving hospitals’ infection prevention objectives.
PSO with Mixed Strategy for Global Optimization
Authors: Pang Jinwei , Li Xiaohui , Han Shuang
Published: September 2023

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is an evolutionary algorithm for solving global optimization problems. PSO has a fast convergence speed and does not require the optimization function to be differentiable and continuous. In recent two decades, a lot of researches have been working on improving the performance of PSO, and numerous PSO variants have been presented. According to a recent theory, no optimization algorithm can perform better than any other algorithm on all types of optimization problems. Thus, PSO with mixed strategies might be more efficient than pure strategy algorithms. A mixed strategy PSO algorithm (MSPSO) which integrates five different PSO variants was proposed. In MSPSO, an adaptive selection strategy is used to adjust the probability of selecting different variants according to the rate of the fitness value change between offspring generated by each variant and the personal best position of particles to guide the selection probabilities of variants. The rate of the fitness value change is a more effective indicator of good strategies than the number of previous successes and failures of each variant. In order to improve the exploitation ability of MSPSO, a Nelder–Mead variant method is proposed. The combination of these two methods further improves the performance of MSPSO. The proposed algorithm is tested on CEC 2014 benchmark suites with 10 and 30 variables and CEC 2010 with 1000 variables and is also conducted to solve the hydrothermal scheduling problem. Experimental results demonstrate that the solution accuracy of the proposed algorithm is overall better than that of comparative algorithms.
Relationships between Loneliness and Occupational Dysfunction in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nakashima Daiki , Fujii Keisuke , Kubo Yuta , Yorozuya Kyosuke
Published: September 2023

The study explored cross-sectional associations between loneliness and occupational dysfunction in community-dwelling older adults. Seventy-four older adults (12 men and 62 women; mean age

73.9
±
8.3

years) completed a questionnaire survey that included the Japanese version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale Version 3 and the Classification and Assessment of Occupational Dysfunction (CAOD). Bayesian statistical modeling was used for a more stable estimation given the small sample. For model selection, we assumed a univariate analysis model of the CAOD (Model 1); a multivariate analysis model, including confounding factors in Model 1 (Model 2); and a multivariate analysis model, including random effects in Model 2 (Model 3). The best model was selected by comparing the widely applicable information criterion (WAIC) and the widely applicable Bayesian information criterion (WBIC) for each model. Bayesian statistics with the dependent variable as “loneliness” showed that the best model used “occupational dysfunction” as the independent variable and included confounding factors and random effects (

WAIC
=
474.5

and

WBIC
=
213.1

). The best model identified an association between occupational dysfunction and loneliness (odds ratio

OR

=
2.363

; 95% Bayesian confidence interval

CI

=
1.105
–
5.259

). This study highlights the role of occupational dysfunction in addition to the risks and related factors reported to date when dealing with loneliness. Therapists could help older adults cope with loneliness by supporting their social participation and improving their occupational dysfunction.
Attitudes and Practices Surrounding Opioid Prescriptions following Open Reduction Internal Fixation of Distal Radius and Ankle Fractures: A Survey of the Canadian Orthopaedic Association Membership
Authors: Abouali Jihad A. , Curd Evan D. , Mei Xin Y. , Sheth Ujash , Khan Moin , de SA Darren , Tjong Vehniah K. , Rana Jesleen
Published: September 2023

Background. The past two decades have seen a significant increase in consequences associated with nonmedical misuse of prescription opioids, such as addiction and unintentional overdose deaths. This study aimed to use an electronic survey to assess attitudes and opioid-prescribing practices of Canadian orthopaedic surgeons and trainees following open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) of distal radius and ankle fractures. This study was the first to assess these factors following ORIF of distal radius and ankle fractures using a survey design. Methods. A 40-item survey was developed focusing on four themes: respondent demographics, opioid-prescribing practice, patients with substance use disorders, and drug diversion. The survey was distributed among members of the Canadian Orthopaedic Association. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize respondent demographics and outcomes of interest. A Chi-square test was used to determine if proportion of opioid prescriptions between attending surgeons and surgeons in training was equal. Results. 191 surveys were completed. Most respondents prescribed 10–40 tabs of immediate-release opioids, though this number varied considerably. While most respondents believed patients consumed only 40–80% of the prescribed opioids (73.6%), only 28.7% of respondents counselled patients on safe storage/disposal of leftover opioids. 30.5% of respondents felt confident in their knowledge of opioid use and mechanisms of addiction. Most respondents desired further education on topics such as procedure-based opioid-prescribing protocols (74.2%), alternative pain management strategies (69.7%), and mechanisms of opioid addiction (49.0%). Conclusions. The principle finding of this study is the lack of a standardized approach to postoperative prescribing in distal radius and ankle fractures, illustrated by the wide range in number of opioids prescribed by Canadian orthopaedic surgeons. Our data suggest a trend towards overprescription among respondents following distal radius and ankle ORIF. Future studies should aim to rationalize interventions targeted at reducing postoperative opioid prescribing for common orthopaedic trauma procedures.
TABLE 5 from Blood Leukocyte AHRR Methylation and Risk of Non–smoking-associated Cancer: A Case-cohort Study of Non–Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Dahl Christina , Hvidtfeldt Ulla A. , Tjønneland Anne , Guldberg Per , Raaschou-Nielsen Ole
Published: September 2023

IRRs for NHL and 95% CI in association with AHRR methylation levels, stratified by years from baseline (blood draw) to diagnosis
TABLE 3 from Blood Leukocyte AHRR Methylation and Risk of Non–smoking-associated Cancer: A Case-cohort Study of Non–Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Dahl Christina , Hvidtfeldt Ulla A. , Tjønneland Anne , Guldberg Per , Raaschou-Nielsen Ole
Published: September 2023

IRRs for NHL and 95% CI in association with AHRR methylation
TABLE 1 from Blood Leukocyte AHRR Methylation and Risk of Non–smoking-associated Cancer: A Case-cohort Study of Non–Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Dahl Christina , Hvidtfeldt Ulla A. , Tjønneland Anne , Guldberg Per , Raaschou-Nielsen Ole
Published: September 2023

Baseline sociodemographics and lifestyle characteristics of the study population
Supplemental Table 2 from A Druggable FOXA1-Glucocorticoid Receptor Transcriptional Axis Drives Tumor Growth in a Subset of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Dorso M. , Patel Payal T. , Pankov Aleksandr , Boyer Jacob A. , Soni Rajesh K. , Del Priore Isabella S. , Hayatt Omar , Kulick Amanda , Hagen Connor J. , de Stanchina Elisa , Junttila Melissa R. , Daemen Anneleen , Friedman Lori S. , Hendrickson Ronald C. , Chandarlapaty Sarat
Published: September 2023

Identification of proteins in FOXA1 and GR interactomes by RIME
Supplemental Table 1 from A Druggable FOXA1-Glucocorticoid Receptor Transcriptional Axis Drives Tumor Growth in a Subset of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Dorso M. , Patel Payal T. , Pankov Aleksandr , Boyer Jacob A. , Soni Rajesh K. , Del Priore Isabella S. , Hayatt Omar , Kulick Amanda , Hagen Connor J. , de Stanchina Elisa , Junttila Melissa R. , Daemen Anneleen , Friedman Lori S. , Hendrickson Ronald C. , Chandarlapaty Sarat
Published: September 2023

FOXA1 gene effect scores in NSCLC cell lines from DepMap
FIGURE 2 from A Druggable FOXA1-Glucocorticoid Receptor Transcriptional Axis Drives Tumor Growth in a Subset of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Dorso M. , Patel Payal T. , Pankov Aleksandr , Boyer Jacob A. , Soni Rajesh K. , Del Priore Isabella S. , Hayatt Omar , Kulick Amanda , Hagen Connor J. , de Stanchina Elisa , Junttila Melissa R. , Daemen Anneleen , Friedman Lori S. , Hendrickson Ronald C. , Chandarlapaty Sarat
Published: September 2023

Identification of a FOXA1–GR interaction through endogenous purification of FOXA1-associated proteins using RIME. A, Schematic overview of the RIME assay. B, Graphic representation of GR protein sequence coverage of unique peptides identified by LC/MS-MS in H441, HCC-44, and H3255 FOXA1 RIME samples. Yellow regions of string represent alignment of peptide sequences to the Mascot database sequences for GR protein. Full list found in Supplementary Table S2. C, Graphic representation of FOXA1 and GR protein sequence coverage as in B) in H441 GR RIME samples. D, Co-IP of FOXA1 and GR in FOXA1-dependent NSCLC cell lines. GR was immunoprecipitated in full serum-containing media and GR, FOXA1, and GAPDH were immunoblotted in the whole-cell lysate (input), IgG IP, and GR IP fractions. E, Volcano plot displaying significantly upregulated (red) or downregulated (green) genes in H2009 doxycycline-inducible shFOXA1 cells compared with shRenilla control cells following 72 hours of 1 μg/mL doxycycline treatment. F, Gene ontology pathway analysis of significant differentially regulated genes between H2009 shFOXA1 cells and H2009 shRenilla control cells. G, qPCR analysis of fold change in FOXA1, SGK1, and DUSP1 mRNA levels in H441 shFOXA1 cells normalized to H441 shRenilla cells treated with 1 μg/mL doxycycline for 48 hours. Values correspond to the mean of three replicates ± SEM. P value calculated by Student two-tailed t test (P < 0.01).
Nimodipine Reduces Microvasospasms After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Schwarting Julian , Harapan Biyan Nathanael , Lin Xiangjiang , Plesnila Nikolaus , Terpolilli Nicole A.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:

The only established pharmacological treatment option improving outcomes for patients suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is the L-type-calcium channel inhibitor nimodipine. However, the exact mechanisms of action of nimodipine conferring neuroprotection after SAH have yet to be determined. More recently, spasms of the cerebral microcirculation were suggested to play an important role in reduced cerebral perfusion after SAH and, ultimately, outcome. It is unclear whether nimodipine may influence microvasospasms and, thus, microcirculatory dysfunction. The aim of the current study was, therefore, to assess the effect of nimodipine on microvasospasms after experimental SAH.

METHODS:

Male C57Bl/6 N mice (n=3–5/group) were subjected to SAH using the middle cerebral artery perforation model. Six hours after SAH induction, a cranial window was prepared, and the diameter of cortical microvessels was assessed in vivo by 2-photon-microscopy before, during, and after nimodipine application.

RESULTS:

Nimodipine significantly reduced the number of posthemorrhagic microvasospasms. The diameters of nonspastic vessels were not affected.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our results show that nimodipine reduces the formation of microvasospasms, thus, shedding new light on the mode of action of a drug routinely used for the treatment of SAH for >3 decades. Furthermore, L-type Ca2+ channels may be involved in the pathophysiology of microvasospasm formation.
Surprisal From Language Models Can Predict ERPs in Processing Predicate-Argument Structures Only if Enriched by an Agent Preference Principle
Authors: Huber Eva , Sauppe Sebastian , Isasi-Isasmendi Arrate , Bornkessel-Schlesewsky Ina , Merlo Paola , Bickel Balthasar
Published: September 2023

Language models based on artificial neural networks increasingly capture key aspects of how humans process sentences. Most notably, model-based surprisals predict event-related potentials such as N400 amplitudes during parsing. Assuming that these models represent realistic estimates of human linguistic experience, their success in modeling language processing raises the possibility that the human processing system relies on no other principles than the general architecture of language models and on sufficient linguistic input. Here, we test this hypothesis on N400 effects observed during the processing of verb-final sentences in German, Basque, and Hindi. By stacking Bayesian generalised additive models, we show that, in each language, N400 amplitudes and topographies in the region of the verb are best predicted when model-based surprisals are complemented by an Agent Preference principle that transiently interprets initial role-ambiguous noun phrases as agents, leading to reanalysis when this interpretation fails. Our findings demonstrate the need for this principle independently of usage frequencies and structural differences between languages. The principle has an unequal force, however. Compared to surprisal, its effect is weakest in German, stronger in Hindi, and still stronger in Basque. This gradient is correlated with the extent to which grammars allow unmarked NPs to be patients, a structural feature that boosts reanalysis effects. We conclude that language models gain more neurobiological plausibility by incorporating an Agent Preference. Conversely, theories of human processing profit from incorporating surprisal estimates in addition to principles like the Agent Preference, which arguably have distinct evolutionary roots.
Interdisciplinarity in Nondisciplines: Archive and Academe in the Study of Religion
Authors: Stepien Rafal K.
Published: September 2023

This article reveals, criticizes, and attempts to overcome the systemic divides between the ideals of an interdisciplinarily employed archive and the realities of a disciplinarily deployed academy. Following an initial section on “Parameters and Proposals” in which I frame the ambit and arguments to follow, in “Religious Studies as Nondiscipline” I argue against the view that religious studies constitutes a discrete discipline. In “Interdisciplinarity and Nondisciplines” I theorize interdisciplinarity and argue for a conceptual relationship between it and the study of religion. Subsequent sections on “Interdisciplinarity in the Practice” and “An Interdisciplinarity in Practice” relate the practical consequences of my account for university-based professional religious studies, and provide an exemplary case study of the alternative approach advanced. Finally, in “Archive and Academe” I draw on contemporary theorizations of the archive to propose the study of religion, as here conceived, to be preeminently located to enact long overdue structural change in academe.
Applying Heterarchy Theory to Ancient Mesopotamian Religions
Authors: Zaia Shana
Published: September 2023

Heterarchy theory is a valuable tool for analyzing complex and changing relationships between elements in a system. It has been employed in anthropology, archaeology, and recently in religious studies. Its utility has not yet been exploited for religions that are studied through textual evidence, such as Mesopotamian religions. As Mesopotamian religions were polytheistic and the texts represent multiple genres from a broad timeframe, relationships between system actors such as gods, temples, and cities defy static and lineal arrangements. Heterarchies are well suited for untangling these relationships, showing how they change depending on the measuring criteria. Using the case of the city of Assur, which housed many deities and was both the religious center and a political capital, heterarchy theory shows how the same elements – temples and cities – reveal different rankings that coexisted simultaneously. Heterarchies productively complicate our understanding of these religious relationships and expose the multimodality of each element in the system.
Émile Belot’s Models, or an Engineer’s Quest for Scientific Legitimacy
Authors: Fages Volny
Published: September 2023

Between 1905 and 1937, Émile Belot, an engineer and then director of a public tobacco factory, threw himself into scientific research seeking to reconstruct the history of the formation of the solar system. This article goes over and analyses the experimental practices Belot drew on in support of his theory, looking at the equipment he manufactured and operated in his “experimental cosmogony laboratory.” Together with a few other French engineers, Belot persistently sought to prove his legitimacy to address astronomical and geological issues. His machines reproducing the formation of spiral nebulae, volcanoes, or lunar craters acted both as material resources for deciding between rival scientific hypotheses, and as tools which, by analogy, materialised the mechanical nature of the cosmos Belot hoped to study without being confined to the scientific margins.
A new addition to the Helvella macropus group (Helvellaceae) from Southwestern China
Authors: LI TAI-SHUN , ZHOU DE-QUN , ZHAO QI , ZHANG YING
Published: September 2023

Based on the morphology and phylogenetic analyses of 5.8s ribosomal RNA and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS), large subunit rRNA (LSU), translation elongation factor-1 alpha (tef-1α), and heat shock protein 90 (hsp90), a novel species, Helvella submacropus is introduced. The species is found in Yunnan Province, China, and is characterized by shallowly cupulate to cupulate apothecia with villose to densely pubescent receptacle surface and cylindrical stipes. The phylogenetic analyses showed that H. submacropus clustered with H. macropus and H. guttata. However, these three species can be well distinguished by morphological and molecular evidence. The taxonomic description, illustration, and phylogeny of H. submacropus, and also its comparison with similar taxa are provided.
A new species of the genus Rhabdophis Fitzinger, 1843 (Squamata: Colubridae) from the Hoang Lien range, northwest Vietnam
Authors: KANE DANIEL , TAPLEY BENJAMIN , LA TOI VAN , NGUYEN LUAN THANH
Published: September 2023

We describe a new species of the Natricinae genus Rhabdophis Fitzinger, 1843 from the Hoang Lien range, northwest Vietnam. The new species is distinct from all congeneric species on the grounds of morphometric and molecular data. The new species is most similar to Rhabdophis leonardi in terms of morphology but can be distinguished from it based on differences in maxillary tooth count, scalation, and genetic data. A sequence on GenBank from a Rhabdophis specimen collected in Honghe, Yunnan, China was identical to the species we describe, and it is likely that the new species is not restricted to Vietnam. As a priority, future work should focus on determining the distribution of this species, as well as understanding population and life history traits such as reproductive rate.
Incipient speciation in allopatric Etheostoma rupestre (Percidae: Etheostomatinae) lineages, with the description of three new subspecies
Authors: HILBURN BRYSON G. , JANOSIK ALEXIS M. , JOHNSTON CAROL E.
Published: September 2023

In recent years, new species descriptions for the North American darters have proliferated. Most species concepts accepted by contemporary ichthyologists require that a valid species be both monophyletic and diagnoseable, yet many lineages exhibit modal or range differences in morphological characteristics without individuals being diagnosable. Such scenarios present difficulties with regards to proper taxonomic recognition of divergent lineages and often prohibit appropriate conservation action. Following the example of recent authors, we provide meristic, geometric morphometric, and pigmentation data to support the recognition of three subspecies of Etheostoma rupestre, a species endemic to the Mobile Basin. These morphological data cohere with previous genetic work for E. rupestre. The nominate subspecies Etheostoma rupetsre rupestre (Tsai’s Rock Darter) is endemic to the Tombigbee River and Black Warrior River watersheds in Alabama and Mississippi and is characterized by having lower numbers of lateral blotches, lower range and mean of lateral line scales, lower modal number of scales above the lateral line, and lower degrees of nape squamation than other subspecies. Etheostoma rupestre piersoni (Shamrock Darter), ssp. nov., is endemic to the Cahaba and Alabama River Watersheds in Alabama and is characterized by intermediate counts of lateral blotches and higher scale counts and nape squamation than E. r. rupestre. Etheostoma rupestre uphapeense (Jade Darter), ssp. nov., is restricted to several small, disjunct populations in the Coosa and Tallapoosa watersheds in Alabama, Georgia, and Tennessee. Etheostoma r. uphapeense is characterized by having a higher mean number of lateral blotches than both other subspecies and higher scale counts than E. r. rupestre. While E. r. rupestre and E. r. piersoni are widespread and abundant within their respective ranges, E. r. uphapeense has a disjunct range and is often uncommon where it occurs. Etheostoma r. uphapeense should be monitored where it occurs to discern population trends.
DNA barcoding of the genus Apaidia Hampson, 1900 for species delimitation from Western Mediterranean fauna (Lepidoptera, Erebidae)
Authors: ORTIZ A. S. , RUBIO R. M. , GUERRERO J. J. , GARRE M. , YELA J. L.
Published: September 2023

The genus Apaidia Hampson, 1900 is a relict Western Mediterranean genus in the South-western part of Europe and the North-western areas of the Mediterranean Africa comprising so far three species, Apaidia rufeola (Rambur, 1832), Apaidia mesogona (Godart, [1824]) and Apaidia barbarica Legrand, 1939. According to the examined material, COI mitochondrial DNA sequences and adult morphology integration supports the existence of three main lineages of Apaidia with sequence divergence rates of approximately 4.5%, which are within the range reported for other well-defined insect species. In addition, we recovered three different BINS, suggesting the presence of different species with unique and specific identifier for A. mesogona (AEC6797), A. rufeola (AEI9539), and the Iberian-Balearic A. barbarica (AEI9540). This study contributes to a better understanding of the taxonomy of the genus Apaidia and challenges future revision of this genus in Northern Africa, as well as the presence of the Apaidia species in Western Mediterranean islands and populations located in Italy.
Recirculation of Canada Basin Deep Water in the Amundsen Basin, Arctic
Authors: Karam Salar , Heuzé Céline , Müller Vasco , Zheng Yixi
Published: September 2023

It is evident from hydrographic profiles in the Arctic Ocean that relatively warm and salty Canada Basin Deep Water (CBDW) flows over the Lomonosov Ridge into the Amundsen Basin, in the Eurasian Arctic. However, oceanographic data in the deep Arctic Ocean are scarce, making it difficult to analyze the spatial extent or the dynamics of this inflow. Here we present new hydrographic data from two recent expeditions as well as historical data from previous expeditions in the central Arctic. We use an end-member analysis to quantify the presence of CBDW in the Amundsen and Nansen Basins and infer new circulation pathways. We find that the inflow of CBDW is intermittent, and that it recirculates in the Amundsen Basin along the Gakkel Ridge. Although the forcing mechanisms for the inflow of CBDW into the Amundsen Basin remain unclear owing to the lack of continuous observations, we demonstrate that density-driven overflows, even intermittent, and the pressure gradient across the Lomonosov Ridge are unlikely drivers. We also find multiple deep eddies with a CBDW content of up to 600 g kg−1 and a vertical extent of up to 1200 m in the Amundsen Basin. The high CBDW content of these eddies suggests that they can efficiently trap CBDW and transport its heat and salt over long distances.
The geochemical differences and origin of multilayered natural gases in marine strata, the northwestern Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Guo Chuyuan , Hu Guoyi , Tian Xingwang , Tian Lianjie , Guo Jinhao , Li Xianqing
Published: September 2023

The gas-source correlation of highly mature natural gas in marine strata has always been a contentious issue due to the complexities of the petroleum systems, which involve multiple source-reservoir-cap assemblages. To shed light on this matter, a study was conducted using data from five typical gas fields and two hot exploration blocks in the northwestern Sichuan Basin. Thirty-seven samples from marine strata were collected, and their natural gas molecular compositions and stable carbon isotopes were examined to investigate the gas genetic types and origins. Based on detailed gas geochemistry information, combined with source rocks and reservoir characteristics, hydrocarbon accumulation history, and tectonic evolution, the formation of natural gas was studied. The results suggest that the natural gases in the area are dominated by hydrocarbon gases with extremely high dryness coefficients and a trace of CO2 and N2. These natural gases can be separated into three groups based on the development of structures and different source rocks, according to the identification of the gas-source correlation. The presence of oil cracking gas in natural gas increases with the amount of fracture development in the gas-bearing area and the amount of input from sapropelic organic matter in the Qiongzhusi Formation (Fm). Conversely, the contribution from mixing sapropelic-humic organic matter in the Middle-Upper Permian increases noticeably. The different geochemical characteristics of natural gas in the northwestern Sichuan Basin are the result of three-factor coupling, involving different source rocks, diversified fracture evolution, and various secondary alterations (thermochemical sulfate reduction alteration, thermal maturity effect, and mixing of gas). The development of fracture determines the contribution proportion of different source rocks, while secondary alteration further transforms the geochemical characteristics of natural gas.
Potential recovery of glass and carbon fibers from wind turbine blades through different valorization techniques
Authors: Chikha Imen , Bouzidi Youcef , Tazi Nacef , Baklouti Samir , Idir Rachida
Published: September 2023

Over the past two decades, the wind turbine industry has grown rapidly. As a result, thousands of tons of composite materials from these end-of-life (EoL) wind turbine blades (WTBs) are discarded every year. Due to their complex structure, which consists of a thermoset matrix with glass (GF) and/or carbon (CF) fibers, their recovery is a challenge and remains limited. The objective of this study is to compare several recycling techniques for composite materials using landfill as a baseline scenario. Several aspects can influence the performance of GF and CF recovery, but one of the most important is the efficiency of recycling technologies in terms of the recovered GF/CF fiber rate. To evaluate this amount of fiber annually, a material flow analysis (MFA) was performed based on the punctual years of 2030, 2040, and 2050. A correlation with other aspects was established and based on maturity level, technical, economic, and environmental aspects. Afterward, recommendations on short and medium/long term circularity objectives were drafted on the most suitable technologies for WTBs circularity.
Integrated simulation-based calibration and sensitivity analysis of a compressed air energy storage system
Authors: Segarra-Fernández Mariuxi , Loor Johnny Fabian , Chakraborty Sourojeet , De Cecchis Dany , Espinoza Alexander , Galatro Daniela
Published: September 2023

Wind energy systems show tremendous potential toward the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; however, the rate of generation of this mode of clean energy remains predominantly intermittent, since it is produced by constantly changing natural drivers, such as wind availability and wind velocity. In this work, a novel framework is proposed which combines a modular process simulator, and a Python environment, to calibrate the operation, and perform a sensitivity analysis of a compressed air energy storage system (CAES) system. Six operational variables are identified via various Monte-Carlo simulations, and a SOBOL analysis of the results highlight three key variables that significantly influence the two primary outputs of a CAES system: the LCOE and the exergy destroyed. Our results successfully identify two novel design metrics that can inform D-CAES design and optimization, for future simulation and experimental works targeted toward wind energy capture and storage.
Use of High-Resolution Signal Controller Data to Measure Transit Signal Priority Performance: A Case Study in the Boston Region
Authors: Jackson Jay , Huang Ruochang , Koonce Peter , Burkman Eric
Published: September 2023

Automated traffic signal performance measures (ATSPMs) have been developed to organize data within a traffic signal, which will then be used to evaluate and monitor signal timing strategies. Past research has summarized the use of ATSPMs for performance-based management of a traffic signal system. The National Cooperative Highway Research Program Research Report 954 focused on many measures useful for general traffic, but did not consider transit agencies as specific stakeholders. ATSPMs do provide insights into measuring the number of preemption events, and the percentage of transit vehicles arriving on green, but additional information is needed to determine the effectiveness of transit signal priority or other transit preferential treatment strategies. This paper proposes a method for evaluating transit performance at signalized intersections more fully using the high-resolution data available within modern traffic signal controllers. The addition of transit-specific inputs within the ATSPM enumerations is used to produce transit-specific signal performance measures designed to be useful to practitioners. The methodology can be followed by other agencies seeking to enhance the capabilities of existing automatic vehicle location systems to further describe the performance at each signalized intersection. By incorporating transit into the ATSPM system, an agency can better assess the delay of buses, which can contribute to schedule adherence, on-time performance, and overall bus service. The methodology is presented as a prototype for further development and adaptation to individual agency objectives and data sources.
Will the End of the X-Waiver Expand Access to Buprenorphine Treatment? Achieving the Full Potential of the 2023 Consolidated Appropriations Act
Authors: Saloner Brendan , Andraka-Christou Barbara , Stein Bradley D. , Gordon Adam J.
Published: September 2023

The 2023 Consolidated Appropriations Act repealed the special waiver for prescribing buprenorphine to patients with opioid use disorder, a bipartisan goal long sought by advocates. The change has symbolic importance in recognizing that buprenorphine is a mainstream medical treatment. We argue that the maximum potential of the law can be achieved by addressing three bottlenecks. First, it is important that new training requirements for all controlled substances prescribers be grounded in scientific principles of addiction treatment and are robustly evaluated to ensure they meet quality standards. Second, even with the elimination of the waiver, there are potential constraints from state law such as state-specific requirements that practitioners require counseling or obtain a separate credential, and many states also have limiting scope of practice regulations. We recommend that these requirements are eased wherever possible to improve treatment access. Third, it is critical to build onramps to treatment in settings such as primary care, hospitals, and correctional facilities. While we anticipate that buprenorphine prescribing will primarily occur in high-volume practices, there is the potential to activate a broader workforce to serve as entry points to care. We conclude that the stage is set for significant increases in lifesaving treatment but the difficult task ahead is ensuring that the resources and training are available to build strong capacity.
Thermal response of an induction-heated fabric reinforced thermoplastic composite with anisotropic electrical conductivity: An experimental study
Authors: van den Berg Sebastiaan , Luckabauer Martin , Wijskamp Sebastiaan , Akkerman Remko
Published: September 2023

In this study, the electrical conductivity of PolyEtherKetoneKetone reinforced with five harness satin weave carbon fabric was measured. Induction heating experiments using a hairpin shaped coil were conducted on the same material. The study points out that the thermal response depends on the direction in which the eddy currents are generated in the laminate. The thermal response showed a linear relation with the measured in-plane anisotropic electrical conductivity, pointing towards Ohmic heating mechanisms being dominant during induction heating of the used material. This relation enables the accurate and efficient simulation of the induction heating of woven fabric reinforced composites, using only the electrical conductivity measured in one of the fabric’s weave directions and in the fabric’s 45° off-axis direction.
A review of research on centrifugal pendulum vibration absorber in the field of vehicle power transmission
Authors: Wu Guangqiang , Zhang Yi
Published: September 2023

The centrifugal pendulum vibration absorber (CPVA) is a rotating mechanical device that counteracts order-specific torque fluctuations in a rotating system by the reciprocating motion of multiple mass absorbers on a predetermined path. The downsizing of automotive engines and supercharging technologies have promoted the research and application of CPVA in drivelines. The development of CPVA is reviewed, a variety of typical CPVA structural features are described such as unifilar type, parallel bifilar type, trapezoidal bifilar type, roller type and synchronous type. The non-linear characteristics of the CPVA such as jumps and asynchronous response are discussed in detail. Mathematical methods for establishing and solving the equations of motion, the excitation of the CPVA by the gravity field, modal property analysis, the effect of the type of damping between the damper and the rotor, and the effect of manufacturing deviations on system performance are discussed. The main research results of CPVA are summarized, current research hotspots and difficulties are summarized, future development directions are proposed, and suggestions are made for future research on powertrain electrification.