bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advances in Nanotechnology Applications for Food and Healthcare Engineering: Review
Authors: P. Selvakumar  , M. Kumaresan  , P. Manikandan  , R. Mayildurai  , T. Maruthavanan
Published: January 2025

Nanotechnology is revolutionizing various sectors, particularly food and healthcare engineering, by enhancing safety, quality, and efficiency. In the food industry, nanomaterials improve packaging by providing barrier properties, extending shelf life, and detecting spoilage through nanosensors. These innovations ensure food safety and reduce waste. In healthcare, nanotechnology enables targeted drug delivery, enhancing therapeutic efficacy while minimize.ng side effects. Nanoparticles facilitate imaging techniques, leading to early disease detection and personalized medicine. Additionally, nanostructured materials are advancing the development of biosensors for real-time health monitoring. As research progresses, integrating nanotechnology in these fields promises to address critical challenges, foster sustainable practices and improve overall quality of life. This abstract underscore the transformative potential of nanotechnology in food safety and healthcare, paving the way for future innovations that could significantly impact public health and nutrition. Nanotechnology is poised to transform significantly, offering immense industrial, healthcare, and agricultural opportunities. The application of nanomaterials and nanoparticles in the food industry is increasing as they help prevent food spoilage. Using nanomaterials as biomarkers can assure food safety and quality by detecting viruses present in food. A primary concern for food safety is the potential migration and leaching of nanoparticles from packaging into food items. Nanotechnology is making substantial progress, if not entirely transforming, in several industries and fields of modern scientific advancements. Recent advancements in chemistry and biotechnology have paved the way for modern nanomaterials, which exhibit remarkable properties due to their nanoscale structures. This essay explores the various applications of nanotechnology that have emerged in recent years. It provides an overview of nanomaterials and their relevance across multiple industries, including solar energy, environmental conservation, future transportation, robotics in food and agriculture, food technology, computing, sensors, medicine, water filtration, and healthcare. Additionally, it examines the promising future applications of nanotechnology. The vision for nanomaterials involves developing new yields at the atomic and molecular levels, offering innovative and efficient solutions for achieving sustainable energy sources and environmental preservation.
Seismic Performance of Reinforced Cantilever Columns in Earthquake Environments through Nano-GFRP Retrofitting
Authors: S. Venkatachalam  , K. Vishnuvardhan  , V. Sampathkumar  , S. S. Sugandhan  , M. Rubakkumar  , N. K. Surya
Published: January 2025

The objective of this study is to evaluate the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) columns retrofitted with glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP). To achieve this, square RC columns measuring 1200 mm × 180 mm were cast and tested under lateral cyclic load. Two methods of wrapping, partially wrapped and fully wrapped column were used to obtain the seismic behavior of columns. Accordingly, energy absorption, stiffness, ductility, maximum bearing capacity and deformation of the specimen were examined. The glass fibers have significant impact on the results of maximum deformation; the energy absorption and stiffness of specimens wrapped with glass fiber sheets increased under seismic loads by 96% and 130%, respectively. The ductility of the specimens improved by 33% and 93% compared to conventional columns.
Effect of Doping Manganese on the Morphological, Optical, and Thermal Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Embedded on Poly-(p-anisidine)
Authors: K. Rathidevi  , D. Tamilselvi  , N. Chithra
Published: January 2025

Metal-doped nanoparticles are of great interest for their multifunctionality and versatile applications. Recent research has focused on analyzing the morphological and optical properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Nanostructured materials find diverse uses as corrosion inhibitors, sunscreen agents, anti-scratch coatings, and stain removers, driving the need for novel materials with specific properties. The present work analyzed the structural, optical, and thermal properties of ZnO and Mn/ZnO nanoparticles, poly-(p-anisidine) (PPA), and ZnO-PPA, Mn/ZnO-PPA nanocomposites by various techniques including X-Ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive studies, ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy, and photoluminescence studies. The XRD results confirmed the wurtzite type structure for all the synthesized nanoparticles, and no phase of impurity was noted. The SEM analysis confirmed the rod like structure with crystallites of hexagonal and spherical morphology for pure zinc oxide and nanoflower-like shape for all the manganese-doped nanoparticles and polymer nanocomposites. A very clear polymer cross-linkage chain formation for polymer nanocomposites was also observed. The ultraviolet-visible spectra results showed a red shift in absorption for ZnO-PPA, Mn/ZnO-PPA nanocomposites with reference to pure zinc oxide nanoparticles. The bandgap values are noted to be 3.20, 2.29, 2.89, 2.00 and 2.98 eV for pure ZnO, Mn/ZnO, PPA, ZnO-PPA and Mn/ZnO-PPA, respectively. The existence of elements such as Zn, O, Mn, C and N were evidenced by EDAX analysis. It also confirms the absence of impurities in the synthesized nanoparticles and PPA. Thermal studies showed a finite difference in the weight loss in the temperature range 25 ℃ to 900 ℃. Three-different stages of thermal decomposition were observed in all the above synthesized nanomaterials.
Geopolymer Concrete: An Alternative to Conventional Concrete for Sustainable Construction
Authors: Parah Salsabeel Jalal  , Vikas Srivastava  , A. K. Tiwari
Published: January 2025

Geopolymer concrete is a sustainable alternative to conventional concrete, offering significant environmental protection and carbon reduction benefits. This study presents a comparative analysis between Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)-based conventional concrete (CC) and geopolymer concrete (GPC) utilizing ultrafine fly ash (UFFA) and ultrafine ground-granulated blast furnace slag (UFGGBS) as binders, with identical binder-to-aggregate ratios. GPC was developed using sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate as alkaline activators, while CC relied on OPC as its binding agent. The mechanical properties and durability of GPC were evaluated under controlled conditions. The results demonstrated that GPC is comparable to CC in terms of strength and durability. Moreover, GPC reduces CO2 emissions by incorporating industrial by-products such as fly ash and slag as binders, replacing energy-intensive Portland cement and significantly lowering greenhouse gas emissions. This underscores the potential of GPC as a sustainable, eco-friendly material for modern construction, supporting environmental conservation and sustainability.
Experimental Study on the Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Areca and Abaca Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites
Authors: Sachin S. Harak  , K. Krishnaveni  , K. Karthick  , K. Chinnarasu  , P. Venkata Hari Prasad  , Tonk Anu , S. Mayakannan
Published: January 2025

Renewable-source composites have become important substitute materials for industrial and technical applications in design and production. Natural fiber (NF) composites have emerged as premium materials relative to standard fiber composites, owing to their direct production process, improved fiber content, reduced polluting base content, lightweight qualities, and incineration capabilities. The growing concern for environmental cleanliness necessitates the search for maintainable alternative materials to substitute conventional ones already in use. Natural fibers function as a viable alternative reinforcement material owing to their wide availability in fibrous form and minimal extraction expenses. This study involves the preparation of environmentally friendly green composites using Areca fiber (ARF) and Abaca fiber (ABF) with epoxy and the assessment of their mechanical behaviours. The incorporation of nano-SiO₂ as a filler in hybrid fiber composites plays a crucial role in enhancing mechanical properties by reinforcing the matrix and improving fiber-matrix bonding. The findings demonstrated that the flexural, tensile, and impact characteristics of the hybrid composites were significantly improved at 76% ABF, 20% ARF and 4% nano-SiO2, and that hybridization mitigated environmental impacts. The inner composition of the broken surface, failure morphology and fiber delamination are examined by SEM examination.
Multi-objective Optimization of Bamboo-madar Fiber Reinforced Composites for Lightweight Automotive Applications using Machine Learning and Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Raj Kumar Gupta  , S. Mayakannan  , Sivakumar Vijayaraghavalu  , M. M. Poornima  , S. Nanthakumar  , N. A. Bhaskaran
Published: January 2025

The accelerated growth of the automobile industry intensifies sustainability issues, primarily because of its significant carbon emission and the resulting impacts on global environmental systems. These emissions are directly correlated with fuel usage, which is subsequently affected by the material weight utilized in automobile systems. This research utilized machine learning (ML) techniques to optimize the production parameters of natural fiber (NF)-reinforced materials for airplane body applications. A study was conducted using the Taguchi optimization approach to investigate the effect of different fiber lengths, concentrations of sodium hydroxide treatment, Nano SiO2 and hybrid fiber (bamboo fibers, and madar fibers (BMF)) on the performance of the material. In order to find the best combination of the factors that were considered for automobile structural applications with low fuel consumption (low carbon emissions) and high reliability, multi-objective optimization (MOO) methods like additive ratio assessment (ARAS) and genetic algorithms (GA) were utilized within the MATLAB programming environment. With R2 values above 80%, the regression analysis-derived models demonstrated good predictive accuracy. The optimization of ARAS for the developed composite by the GA identified the optimal process parameters for achieving lightweight materials suitable for automobile applications as 35% BMF, 10% Nano SiO2 at a fiber length of 24mm, and a 9 % concentration of sodium hydroxide, with ARAS reaching its maximum level of unity.
Chavibetol Loaded Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (CB-ZnONPs) for Activity-Enhanced Anticancer Applications against Human Lung (A549)
Authors: Balaji Murugesan  , Rajesh Pattulingam  , Syed Illiyas Syed Maqbool
Published: January 2025

Chavibetol loaded Zinc oxide nanoparticles have demonstrated exceptional potential as anticancer agents when used together. Collectively, it possesses the capacity to serve as a substitute or addition to conventional anticancer medications. The current study focuses on examining the deliberate synthesis of biocompatible Zinc oxide nanoparticles (CB-ZnO-NPs) that are infused with chavibetol. We also assessed these nanoparticles for their ability to load and release chavibetol as a prodrug. Furthermore, the loaded particles were assessed for their ability to inhibit cell growth and induce programmed cell death in Human Lung (A549). The structure and morphological properties of the produced materials were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, dynamic light scattering analysis, and zeta potential analysis. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination verifies that the synthesized CB-ZnONPs have a size of around 50-60 nm. Furthermore, the analysis confirms that the nanoparticles possess a highly crystalline structure and exhibit a rod shape. The FTIR measurement confirms the conjugation of chavibetol molecules with zinc oxide nanoparticles. The X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that the zinc oxide nanoparticles possess a spinel structure and exhibit a high level of purity. Chavibetol-loaded nanoparticles exhibit a regulated release pattern in accordance with different pH levels. We observed a notable suppression of cell growth in the group that received treatment, followed by the occurrence of programmed cell death as indicated by the study of fluorescence microscopy using AO/EtBr. The Synthesized material also showed that upregulation of apoptotic protein and down regulating the antiapoptotic protein.  The results of our study clearly show that chavibetol loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles may effectively transport the desired medication and induce programmed cell death in specific human lung cancer cells. This has the potential to initiate a new field in polymer surface chemistry, focusing on the creation of drug delivery systems for cancer therapies using metal oxide materials.
Mechanical Characteristics of Copper Slag and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash-based Sustainable Concrete Prepared with PEG-400 as Internal Curing Agent
Authors: B. L. Niranjan Reddy  , M. Vinod Kumar
Published: January 2025

In recent years, scientists have extensively investigated the use of internal curing methods in concrete to improve its ability to retain water. It has been observed that proper curing forms an important step in enhancing the strength and durability of concrete, which has been found to exert a significant influence on its overall development. A study on the structural properties of self-curing concrete is discussed in the following research article. SCBA and CS are used as supplementary materials along with the concrete mix. PEG-400 is used as the self-curing agent in the concrete mix. This research is based on the discussion of the properties of the new concrete mixture. The study looks into how the components will influence the mechanical behavior of the concrete. For testing purposes, two mixtures of the concrete were prepared. The first lot involved five mix ratios of the concrete, with the control mixture containing 0.5% to 2% PEG-400 relative to cement weight. For the second mix, copper slag (CS) replaced part of the fine aggregate and was at the age of 40%, while the cement was partially substituted with an amount of 5-20% sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) in self-curing concrete, which contains 1% PEG-400. Investigations were conducted to prove the possibility of self-curing concrete admixed with CS and SCBA. Slump cone, compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths are explored during these tests.
Trump Administration Assaults NIH and WHO-RFK Jr’s Nomination Hearing Scheduled
Authors:   Phoenix Pulmonary and Research Education Foundation, Gilbert, AZ USA, Robbins Richard
Published: January 2025

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. Given all the commotion that has been occurring in Washington over the Gaetz and Hegseth nominations, preparations for mass deportation, birthright citizenship, and government DEI programs, several healthcare news stories have flown under the radar. Below is a summary.
Science is reporting that yesterday the Trump administration imposed several restrictions on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) which will have an impact on grants and scientific exchange (1). These included the abrupt cancellation of meetings including grant review panels, communications “pause”, a freeze on hiring, and an indefinite ban on travel. The moves have generated extensive confusion and uncertainty at the nation’s largest research agency, which has become a target for Trump’s political allies. For example, officials halted midstream a training workshop for junior scientists, called off a workshop on adolescent learning minutes before it was to begin, and canceled meetings of two advisory councils. Panels that were scheduled to …
Why States Do or Do Not Privatize: Cross-Class Coalitions in the Public Sector
Authors: Perera Isabel M. , Brown Trevor E.
Published: January 2025

abstract: When do public services privatize, and when do they remain in the public's hands? The authors argue that one explanation lies in a counterintuitive coalition: labor and management. Unlike industrial relations in the private sector, those in the public sector are not necessarily antagonistic. When the interests of public sector workers and managers—the latter defined as those with supervisory responsibilities—are aligned, public services are less likely to privatize. Conversely, when the interests of workers and managers are not aligned, privatization is more likely. To test and substantiate this theory, the authors deploy a most-similar systems comparison of three case studies, focusing on efforts to privatize public passenger rail in the United States, United Kingdom, and New Zealand at the onset of the privatization era in the 1980s and 1990s. This article hence contributes to the study of state privatization, cross-class coalitions, and public sector reform in affluent economies.
Windspeed determination from a near-field, UV, direct-detection Doppler wind lidar based on Michelson interferometer fringe imaging
Authors: Linsmayer Philippe , Vrancken Patrick
Published: January 2025

The determination of the wind speed from direct-detection Doppler wind lidar (DD-DWL) instruments is a crucial part within their development and operation. The previously developed AeroLi system [Appl. Opt. 55, 6910 (2016)APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.55.006910; Remote Sens. 14, 3356 (2022)RSEND32072-429210.3390/rs14143356] utilizes a fringe-imaging, field-widened, and skewed Michelson interferometer as its spectral analyzer. In this communication, we focus solely on the analysis of the imaged linear interference fringe for the derivation of the wind speed. For this, a process of different operations is necessary, including multiple corrections and regression operations. We describe this process in detail and investigate the influence of the different steps (in particular correction of the illumination, contributions of the laser reference and atmospheric contribution) on the final results of windspeed dispersion, bias, and correlation with a reference DWL. By providing a series of case studies we also demonstrate the performance of this realization of a DD-DWL as adequate for its intended use case in an aeronautics application. We assume these steps and considerations as relevant for developments of fringe-imaging DWL in general, or by extension for any lidar system with imaging analysis of a spatially distributed signal.
Zoned blaze broadband gratings mosaicked using a device made from high-stability special materials
Authors: Ti Yunzan , Mi Xiaotao , Zhou Jingxuan , Jiang Sibo , Han Bangbin , Chen Pengyuan , Li Shuo
Published: January 2025

Broadband gratings are fundamental optical components in broadband spectral instruments. Herein, the complexity and cost of fabrication methods are addressed by zoned blazed broadband grating fabrication via mosaicking technology. A blaze angle calculation method and zoned grating structural parameters are established and designed. Steps for 5D mosaicking error separation and correction are established via analysis and simulations. Accordingly, a highly stable mosaicking-error-adjustment device made of special materials is designed, and a grating is fabricated. The grating wavelength range is 200–1100 nm, the diffraction wavefront is better than λ/4, and the diffraction efficiency exceeds 30% in 90% of the blaze band.
RNAscope Multiplex FISH Signal Assessment in FFPE and Fresh Frozen Tissues: The Effect of Archival Duration on RNA Expression
Authors: Sari Ariestya Indah Permata , Copeland Katherine , Nuwongsri Pattarin , Pipatsakulroj Wiriya , Jinawath Artit , Israsena Nipan , Lertsittichai Panuwat , Chirappapha Prakasit , Shiao Meng-Shin , Jinawath Natini
Published: January 2025

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPET), which is the most widely used pathology archive, usually has low-quality DNA and RNA due to extensive nucleic acid crosslinking. RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA-FISH) has been increasingly utilized in research and clinical settings to diagnose disease pathology. In this study, the effect of RNA degradation over archival time on RNA-FISH signals in FFPET and fresh frozen tissue (FFT) was systematically assessed. RNAscope multiplex fluorescent assay with the four house-keeping-gene (HKG) probes UBC, PPIB, POLR2A, and HPRT1 was performed on 62 archived breast cancer samples (30 FFPETs and 32 FFTs). As expected, the number of RNAscope signals in FFPETs is lower than in FFTs in an archival duration-dependent fashion. The RNA degradation in FFPETs is most pronounced in high-expressor HKGs, UBC and PPIB, than in low-to-moderate expressors POLR2A and HPRT1 ( p<0.0001). Analysis of RNA expression over time showed that PPIB, which has the highest signal, was the most degraded in both adjusted transcript and H-score quantification methods ( R2 = 0.35 and R2 = 0.33, respectively). This proves that although the RNAscope probes are designed to detect fragmented RNA, performing a sample quality check using HKGs is strongly recommended to ensure accurate results:
Characteristics and treatment patterns in patients with multiple myeloma in Japan: A retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Iida Shinsuke , Yasutomi Yusuke , Samyshkin Yevgeniy , Chen Yi-Chen , Chen Chi-Chang , Lee Wen Shi , Kim Seok-Won , McGuiness Catherine , Zhou Zifan , McNamara Simon
Published: January 2025

Background

Approval of proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), such as daratumumab, has reshaped treatment patterns in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) in Japan. This retrospective study evaluated patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and trends in MM patients using Medical Data Vision, the largest electronic health records database in Japan with anonymous inpatient and outpatient health information.

Methods

Patients aged ≥18 years, with ≥2 records of an MM diagnostic and disease code and ≥1 record of MM treatment between 01 April 2008 and 30 June 2023 were included. Patients starting first-line (1L) treatment on or after 01 January 2020 were categorized into the 1+L cohort; those starting second-line (2L) treatment on or after 01 January 2018 were allocated to the 2+L cohort.

Results

Within the study period, 21,066 patients had an MM diagnosis, including 6,337 and 5,964 patients in the 1+L and 2+L cohorts, respectively. Median age was 74 years in both cohorts and gender distribution was similar (52.4% and 51.3% males, respectively). In the 1+L cohort, most patients (5,754/6,337; 90.8%) did not receive transplant, among whom 51.0% received 1L lenalidomide-based therapy, primarily daratumumab/lenalidomide/dexamethasone (DRd; 15.0%) or lenalidomide/dexamethasone (Rd;14.0%). In non-transplant patients, 1L DRd use increased from 6.0% in January–June 2020 to 28.0% in January–June 2023. In the 2+L cohort, 2L lenalidomide-based therapy use decreased from 65.0% in January–June 2018 to 37.0% in January–June 2023; daratumumab-based therapy increased from 14.0% to 39.0%. Retreatment with lenalidomide-, daratumumab-, and isatuximab-based therapy occurred in 44.1%, 35.2%, and 5.6% of patients, respectively.

Conclusion

The high use of lenalidomide and DRd in 1L, and high rates of retreatment with lenalidomide and anti-CD38 mAbs in 2L+ indicate a substantial need for new treatment modalities that can be used in 2L+ patients who previously received lenalidomide with/without an anti-CD38 mAb therapy.
Post-traumatic growth experience of breast cancer patients: A qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis
Authors: Huang ShiNi , Huang Min , Long Fang , Wang Fang
Published: January 2025

Objectives

This study aimed to systematically incorporate the post-traumatic growth experience of breast cancer patients and furnish insights for the formulation of targeted psychological care measures.

Methods

The search period we were ranged from establishing the database to February 2024. We systematically searched four Chinese databases and seven English databases. The focus was on collecting qualitative research literature regarding the post-traumatic growth experience of breast cancer patients. Literature was screened and analyzed using Endnote20 software. Quality evaluation was conducted using the authenticity evaluation criteria (2016 edition) recommended by the JBI. The results were synthesized utilizing the meta-integration methodology established by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and adhered to the reporting standards delineated in the PRISMA checklist, as well as the ENTREQ reporting guidelines.

Results

This study encompassed 11 studies, from which 42 themes and 68 sub-themes were extracted. Similar research findings were categorized into 11 new classifications, leading to the formulation of four integrative conclusions: self-reconstruction, enhancement of spirituality and religious beliefs, appreciation of the new philosophy of life, and transformations associated with others.

Conclusions

Medical professionals should possess a precise comprehension of the concept of post-traumatic growth, and actively encourage patients to engage in deliberate rumination, facilitate emotional release, support effective coping strategies, enhance social support systems, foster post-traumatic growth in patients, and promote their overall well-being.

Trial registration

Systematic review registration:

CRD42024519850.
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Global and Intra- Commonwealth Trade in Goods
Authors: Khorana Sangeeta , Martínez-Zarzoso Inmaculada , Ali Salamat
Published: January 2025

This paper employs the gravity model of international trade to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on global and intra-Commonwealth trade flows. It uses bilateral monthly exports data at the HS6 level and the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths, as well as the stringency of measures taken to contain the virus, to estimate the effect of the pandemic on Commonwealth countries’ trade. The study finds that the incidence of COVID-19 in both exporting and importing countries has impacted on Commonwealth trade flows and that the extent of the effect varies with the development level of trading partners. High numbers of COVID-19 cases, including deaths, in low-income importing countries led to a reduction in Commonwealth exports, while a high incidence of COVID-19 in high-income importing countries led to an increase in their exports. The incidence of COVID-19 in an exporting country was also found to impact trade among a global sample of countries. Restrictions aiming to contain COVID-19 in high-income countries were associated with an increase in Commonwealth countries’ trade. Short-term projections of trade trends point towards a negative change in both exports and imports of Commonwealth countries. The study also proposes a set of policy options and recommendations targeting sustainable recovery and building resilience in Commonwealth economies.
India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor in strategic connection with the Abraham Accords and the Three Seas Initiative
Authors: Krzymowski Adam
Published: January 2025

Adopted by India, UAE, Saudi Arabia, the EU, and the US in September 2023, the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) is becoming strategic for international trade. The research focuses on Israel, the United Arab Emirates, and Central and East Europe (CEE) through IMEC and the Three Seas Initiative (3SI). In September 2023, the 3SI expanded towards Greece, which maintains strategic trade relations with Israel and the UAE. Through the Abraham Accords and IMEC, the Three Seas Initiative is linked with India, enabling a new North-South route. The research aims to answer the following question: What is the geopolitical connection between the Abraham Accords, the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor, and the Three Seas Initiative, and what is their impact on the role and position of the critical states for those initiatives? For this purpose, the theory of adaptation and international roles has been applied. The study is based on qualitative and quantitative methods and empirical research from 13 years of analysis, direct observation, and the author’s participation in many initiatives. The proposed project is the first research on the Middle East, India, and CEE, which will impact new strategic trade routes. It should inspire other researchers to further in-depth analyses.
A construção da identidade profissional docente do ponto de vista de suas próprias narrativas
Authors: Oliveira Jáima Pinheiro de
Published: January 2025

Resenha do livro La misión sagrada: seis historias sobre qué es ser docente en el Perú, escrito pelo docente e pesquisador Ricardo Cuenca. A obra tem como temática central a construção da identidade profissional docente, por meio da análise de seis narrativas docentes, capazes de mobilizar várias dimensões que permeiam a formação e a atuação de professores. Em virtude da importância da formação profissional e da construção da identidade docente como constituintes centrais das políticas e práticas de qualquer etapa da Educação.
Educação intercultural popular e a complexidade na Amazônia ribeirinha
Authors: Barbosa Suellen Ferreira , Machado Ivana de Paula de Araújo , Santos Marcio Antonio Raiol dos
Published: January 2025

Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma análise do Documento Curricular do Município de Abaetetuba para os anos iniciais do ensino fundamental (DCMA-EF), no estado do Pará, configurado pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação (SEMEC). O recorte objetivou investigar a relação entre a interculturalidade articulada com a teoria da complexidade como fundamentação teórica, no intuito de tecer relações com a educação popular ribeirinha. Tendo em vista a pluralidade e diversidade de culturas e saberes que coabitam a região amazônica, a educação amazônida defendida neste artigo constrói relações com princípios freireanos de educação popular e educação do campo, na perspectiva da educação ribeirinha. Desse modo, este estudo resulta de uma análise documental postulada na técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2011) e se ancora epistemologicamente na interculturalidade Freireana (1979; 1993; 2004; 2005) e na teoria da complexidade de Edgar Morin (2011; 2015). Os resultados apontam inconsistências na proposta pois não conseguem estabelecer uma relação dialógica entre as diversas culturas, sinalizando uma relação superficial com a interculturalidade. O DCMA-EF apresenta dificuldades em inter-relacionar a multidimensionalidade de saberes da Amazônia, fragilizando a concepção do currículo como uma unidade na diversidade, distanciando-se de uma perspectiva complexa de educação.
Microplastics in Rivers of South America: An Emerging Area of Research
Authors: Gamboa Adriana Carolina , Gaida William , Volpi Gabriel Baraldi , Deitos Tandara , Machado Andressa Maiara de Almeida , Breunig Fábio Marcelo , Da Rosa Genésio Mario , Flach Kauane Andressa
Published: January 2025

Plastic pollution has emerged as one of our most pervasive and pressing environmental issues, impacting ecosystems, wildlife, and even human health globally. Microplastic research has primarily focused on oceans, whether in water, sediments, or organisms, generating a significant gap in understanding their presence and impact on other environments like rivers, which is a concern worldwide, and of paramount importance for us in Latin America and the Caribbean. To address this situation, we examined the current research on microplastics in South American rivers by conducting a Google Scholar search with keywords and Boolean operators, which allowed us to recover a series of articles related to this topic. We reviewed 49 articles published in 2023 to know methods for collecting and analyzing river samples. Our findings revealed limited information on microplastics in South America, with data only from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Peru. Additionally, we found considerable variations in sample collection and analysis methods, hindering study comparisons. Bridging this knowledge gap is crucial for comprehending the extent of plastic pollution in the region. Since rivers are major microplastic contributors to oceans, this research will significantly aid in environmental protection efforts, emphasizing the global relevance of addressing riverine plastic pollution.
The Role of Mosques in Religious Development of the Serawai Tribe in South Bengkulu
Authors: Masruroh Indah
Published: January 2025

This article aims to explore the role of mosques as centers for religious development within the Serawai Tribe community in South Bengkulu, focusing on the cultural da'wah approach. Mosques function not only as places of worship but also as social and educational spaces for the local community. Through a cultural approach, the da'wah conducted in these mosques strives to integrate Serawai customary values with Islamic teachings, thereby fostering harmony between local traditions and religion. This study examines the da'wah strategies employed by religious leaders to convey Islamic teachings relevant to the cultural context of the Serawai community. Additionally, the article analyzes various religious development programs in mosques, such as study circles, sermons, and religious education, and how these programs contribute to strengthening the faith, worship, and morals of the congregation. The findings reveal that a cultural da'wah approach, which respects local traditions, plays a significant role in reinforcing the community's attachment to Islamic teachings without marginalizing the customary values deeply rooted in the Serawai Tribe.
Postavení českého pracovního práva v rámci systému evropského a českého práva
Authors: Bělina Miroslav
Published: January 2025

The labour law of the Czech Republic is significantly influenced by the EC law, especially since the late nineties of the last century. The key word for labour law not only in Czech and European context, but also worldwide is becoming liberalization and especially flexibility. The labour law regulation must respect globalisation and liberalization of the world economy, which necessarily brings about requirements for flexibility of the legal regulation. The global trend towards the necessity of certain liberalization is what the European Union has realised, too, as it results, by the way, from the “Green Book of the EU Council of 23 November 2006: Modernisation of labour law, the aims of which is to solve the challenges of the 21st century”, according to which more flexibility in labour law is required, while the basic protection of employee rights should be kept. Unfortunately, such global and European trends are not followed by the new Labour Code adopted in the Czech Republic in 2006. Moreover, the new Labour Code is based on a conceptually new (and therefore unproven by experience and practice) link between the civil and labour law on the principle of delegation instead of the standard principle of subsidiarity. Application of the delegation conception in connection with several ways of specification of directory and mandatory nature of the provisions of the new Labour Code (making it a very rigid and mandatory norm) resulted in the new Labour Code not only in a conceptually incorrect legal regulation, but also in a legal regulation that is quite difficult to understand, evoking application doubts and in several cases making some provisions inapplicable.
Sexuální delikty a organizovaná kriminalita (Aktuální otázky)
Authors: Císařová Dagmar
Published: January 2025

The author presents the examples of significant researches and grants pursued and provided by various departments. She assumes that the subject of sexual abusement and pornography is sufficiently explored but it is not settled which criminal law measures are needed for the question to be solved. Although she is aware of the complexity of this phenomenon against which is not possible to operate only with the use of criminal repression, she thinks that criminal repression is not only insufficient, but mostly impossible. She results from the matter that the questions of criminal law are solved in European Union in terms of the so called Third pillar and because the basics of the criminal responsibility are treated in various countries differently, the common process could be seen only in separated agreements, which would be mandatory for the countries that ratified them. Everything else is resolved only with declarations, which is not sufficient at all.
Boj proti korupci prostředky evropského práva
Authors: Gřivna Tomáš
Published: January 2025

The problem of corruption has come to the forefront at the international level since the beginning of the 1990is. In the beginning were adopted not legally binding documents. The Inter-American Convention against Corruption was the first international convention ever adopted in the history. The Convention against Transnational Organized Crime represents the first convention that was adopted at the general universal level. The European Union is fighting against the types of corruption, which damage or corrupt the European Communities’ financial interests, interference in impartiality of the officials or in economic competition. In 1996 the Council of European Union adopted the Convention on the protection of the European Communities’ financial interests, in which there isn’t obligation to criminalize corruption. The obligation to criminalize corruption action which damages or likely to damage the European Communities’ financial interests committed by Community officials or officials of another Member state is consists in the Protocol to the Convention. The second Protocol, not yet in force, requests to ensure that the legal person can be held liable for active corruption. Also the Convention on the fight against corruption involving officials of European Communities or officials of Member States of the European Union requests the criminalize corruption action with participation of Community officials or officials of another Member state. This corruption action doesn’t have to damage the European Communities’ financial interests. The convention defines active and passive corruption, principle of assimilation, jurisdiction, cooperation etc. and requests effective proportionate, dissuasive penalties. The convention hasn’t come in force yet. The aim of the Council Framework Decision 2003/568/JHA of 22 July 2003 on combating corruption in the private sector is in particular to ensure that both active and passive corruption in the private sector are criminal offences in all Member States, that legal persons may also be held responsible for such offences, and that these offences incur effective, proportionate and dissuasive penalties. The Czech law is in accordance with the requirements resulting from the Convention, Protocols and Framework Decision. The concept of official falls within the provision 89 par. 9 and art. 162a par. 2 of Criminal Code. The corruption behavior that should be criminalizes falls within the art. 160 and 161 of Criminal Code. Advantages of any kind are described as bribe in the art. 162a par. 1 of Criminal Code. Sanctions could be recognized as a problem in the Criminal Code. They could be found too lenient. Finally, the Czech legal system does not recognize a criminal liability of legal persons.
Microcystin-LR Induces Alterations in Heart Muscle
Authors: Milutinović Aleksandra , Zorc-Pleskovič R. , Petrovič D. , Zorc M. , Šuput D.
Published: January 2025

MC-LR belongs to a family of cyanobacterial toxins. MC-LR acts as serine-threonine phosphatase-1 and -2A inhibitor. Chronic intoxication with low doses of this toxin promotes liver tumour formation and induces kidney injury. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether chronic exposure to relatively low doses of MC-LR has toxic effects on hearts of treated animals. Male adult Wistar rats were treated every second day for 8 months with MC-LR (10 µg/kg i. p., N = 5). Control groups were treated either with a vehicle (ethanol and methanol 4 : 1 v/v; N = 5) or with physiologic saline (N = 4). We found that MC-LR could induce enlargement of cardiomyocytes (MC-LR = 20.984 µm ± 1.351, vehicle=17.454 µm ± 0.518, saline = 15.996 µm ± 1.430), loss of cell cross-striations, lower myofibril volume fraction (MC-LR = 0.3657 mm3/mm3 ± 0.0337, vehicle=0.4716 mm3/mm3 ± 0.0086, saline = 0.4793 mm3/mm3 ± 0.0101), fibrosis (MC-LR = 0.0747 mm3/mm3 ± 0.01288, vehicle = 0.0275 mm3/mm3 ± 0.0076, saline = 0.0309 mm3/mm3 ± 0.0074) and mononuclear infiltration in the interstitial tissue. The TUNEL staining of the heart sections of rats in all groups showed no apoptotic cells. We may conclude that long-term exposure to relatively low doses of MC-LR represents a considerable risk of injury of the heart.
Cell Death Signalling Pathways in the Pathogenesis and Therapy of Haematologic Malignancies: Overview of Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: Klener P. , Anděra L. , Klener P. , Nečas E. , Živný Jan
Published: January 2025

Malignant diseases, including haematologic malignancies, are associated with defects in the cell death mechanism. These defects are not only important for the growth advantage of the malignant clone, but when understood can be used for specific therapeutic targeting of malignant cells while sparing normal cells. The promising groups of agents that trigger, directly or indirectly, apoptosis of haematologic cancer cells are reviewed in this article. Some of the agents have recently been approved for therapy, some are under the clinical evaluation in various phases of clinical trials and some are tested under the experimental laboratory conditions.
Automation Creates a New Kind of Collective Property That Can Fund Basic Incomes, Equal in Size to the Total Incomes Lost to Automation
Authors: Davis John K.
Published: January 2025

Technological unemployment is what happens when automation eliminates jobs and not enough new jobs arrive to employ everyone, leaving part of the workforce permanently unemployed. Who owns the money that used to pay them? Business owners will argue that it’s theirs. I will argue that it’s not. I consider and refute several arguments for their claim, and then argue that this money is collective property. Because it’s collective property, we can use it to fund basic incomes for the technologically unemployed without violating anyone’s property rights. Moreover, it is equal in amount to the total incomes lost to technological unemployment, and therefore big enough to fund a decent standard of living for the unemployed, no matter how numerous they are. This is a new kind of collective property, distinct and different from other collective properties, such as the natural world, employment rents, and social capital.
Challenges and Strategies of Translating Arabic Novels into English: Evidence from Al-Sanousi’s Fiʾrān Ummī Hissa
Authors: Al-Sharif Luma , Al-Abbas Linda
Published: January 2025

This research investigated the strategies adopted to overcome the constraints encountered in the English translation of the Arabic novel Fiʾrān Ummī Hissa in light of Mughazy’s (2016) typology of equivalence and Baker’s (1992) strategies for dealing with idiomatic expressions. The data were collected and categorized thematically into four constraint types: social, political, cultural, and religious. The findings revealed that transliteration was heavily utilized in rendering cultural terms and phrases, such as names, titles, food, and clothing. Paraphrasing was the most used strategy in rendering religious terms requiring clarification, but the extensive details often disrupted the text flow and occasionally led to inaccuracies. Cultural substitution and less expressive words were used in rendering idioms and proverbs, resulting in several mistranslations. In a few cases, omission was applied to terms lacking direct equivalents, yet they were inconsistently reintroduced as transliterated terms in other occurrences. The study recommends that translators follow a consistent translation approach across similar types of cultural expressions to maintain uniformity across the translated text. Translators may use footnotes for terms that require transliteration to help readers understand the cultural context and significance. Further studies could compare similar text translations across languages to explore how cultural contexts influence translation strategies.
An orbital angular momentum incorporated UWOC system employing WMZCC and DPS codes under pure sea, clear ocean and coastal sea
Authors: Kaur Simarpreet , Wasson Vikas
Published: January 2025

The adoption of twisted light beams and optical code division multiplexing (OCDMA) in underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) represents a significant step forward in underwater communication technology, offering new possibilities for secure and high-speed data transfer in challenging underwater environments. A weight managed zero cross correlation (WMZCC) code-based UWOC system is demonstrated, capable of providing four users with a 10 Gbps capacity in various ocean/sea conditions, including coastal, clear and pure seas. The WMZCC code is having lower code lengths, mapping free user generation, least multiple access interference (MAI) and easy to generate code matrix. By using the Q factor as an assessment criteria, the performance comparisons between OAM-WMZCC codes and OAM diagonal permutation shift (DPS) has been established. The findings show that OAM-WMZCC performs better than OAM-DPS because of the ZCC code and DPS has variable cross correlation. Further, it is also observed that OAM beam Laguerre–Gaussian (LG)0,0 offered highest Q factor due to least mode diameter and LG90,0 provide least performance because of maximum energy leakage at receiver. In comparison to OAM-DPS codes in UWOC, the presented OAM-WMZCC codes provide Q factor enhancements of 28 %, and without using OAM in the system, the presented system surpassed the performance of DPS codes by 21 %.
Perspective: fluorescence lifetime imaging and single-molecule spectroscopy for studying biological condensates
Authors: Loidolt-Krüger Maria
Published: January 2025

Biological condensates, often formed via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), are membraneless compartments organizing biochemical reactions. Recent advances have shifted the focus from identifying condensates to elucidating their dynamic biological functions, such as buffering concentrations, mediating reactions, and regulating signaling. These are critical for cellular processes and implicated in diseases like cancer and neurodegeneration. Advanced microscopy techniques, including fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), FLIM-FRET, and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), enable quantitative, real-time investigations of condensate composition, dynamics, material properties, and their responses to environmental stimuli in live cells. This perspective highlights the utility of time-resolved fluorescence and single-molecule spectroscopy techniques for shedding light on condensate functions, properties, and interactions with membranes, offering insights into cellular physiology and pathology.