bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the Relationship Between Delay Discounting, Delay Aversion, Diabetes Self-care Behaviors, and Diabetes Outcomes in U.S. Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Campbell Jennifer A. , Williams Joni S. , Egede Leonard E.
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE

Delay discounting and delay aversion are emerging areas for understanding diabetes management; however, few data exist on their relationship with multiple diabetes self-care behaviors and diabetes outcomes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This cross-sectional study included 356 adults with type 2 diabetes across three racial/ethnic groups receiving care from two primary care clinics. The primary predictors were delay discounting and delay aversion. Outcomes included self-care behaviors, quality of life (QOL; mental health component score [MCS], physical component score), and A1C. Multiple linear regression models were run to examine the association between predictors and the outcomes, A1C, QOL, and each self-care behavior.

RESULTS

Higher delay discounting was associated with lower engagement in self-care behaviors for general diet (B = −0.06; 95% CI −0.12; −0.01), specific diet (B = −0.07; 95% CI −0.12; −0.03), and foot care (B = −0.10; 95% CI −0.17; −0.02). Higher delay aversion was associated with lower engagement in self-care behaviors for general diet (B = −0.06; 95% CI −0.10; −0.01), specific diet (B = −0.03; 95% CI −0.07; −0.01), foot care (B = −0.11; 95% CI −0.17; −0.05), and lower MCS (B = −0.38; 95% CI −0.71; −0.06).

CONCLUSIONS

In a diverse sample of adults with type 2 diabetes, higher delay discounting and higher delay aversion were significantly related to lower engagement in self-care behaviors. High delay aversion was specifically related to lower QOL. These findings offer new knowledge by highlighting the role that delay-related behaviors may have in the performance of self-care behaviors and the impact on QOL. Work is needed to further elucidate these relationships. Specifically, these results highlight the importance of targeting value and decision-making for diabetes self-management.
Use of Flash Continuous Glucose Monitoring Is Associated With A1C Reduction in People With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Basal Insulin or Noninsulin Therapy
Authors: Wright Eugene E. , Kerr Matthew S.D. , Reyes Ignacio J. , Nabutovsky Yelena , Miller Eden
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Glycemic control is suboptimal in many individuals with type 2 diabetes. Although use of flash continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has demonstrated A1C reductions in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with a multiple daily injection or insulin pump therapy regimen, the glycemic benefit of this technology in patients with type 2 diabetes using nonintensive treatment regimens has not been well studied.

METHODS

This retrospective, observational study used the IBM Explorys database to assess changes in A1C after flash CGM prescription in a large population with suboptimally controlled type 2 diabetes treated with nonintensive therapy. Inclusion criteria were diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, age <65 years, treatment with basal insulin or noninsulin therapy, naive to any CGM, baseline A1C ≥8%, and a prescription for the FreeStyle Libre flash CGM system during the period between October 2017 and February 2020. Patients served as their own control subject.

RESULTS

A total of 1,034 adults with type 2 diabetes (mean age 51.6 ± 9.2 years, 50.9% male, baseline A1C 10.1 ± 1.7%) were assessed. More patients received noninsulin treatments (n = 728) than basal insulin therapy (n = 306). We observed a significant reduction in A1C within the full cohort: from 10.1 ± 1.7 to 8.6 ± 1.8%; Δ −1.5 ± 2.2% (P <0.001). The largest reductions were seen in patients with a baseline A1C ≥12.0% (n = 181, A1C reduction −3.7%, P <0.001). Significant reductions were seen in both treatment groups (basal insulin −1.1%, noninsulin −1.6%, both P <0.001).

CONCLUSION

Prescription of the flash CGM system was associated with significant reductions in A1C in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with basal insulin or noninsulin therapy. These findings provide evidence for expanding access to flash CGM within the broader population of people with type 2 diabetes.
Comparisons of Polyexposure, Polygenic, and Clinical Risk Scores in Risk Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: He Yixuan , Lakhani Chirag M , Rasooly Danielle , Manrai Arjun K , Tzoulaki Ioanna , Patel Chirag J
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE:

Establish a polyexposure score for
T2D incorporating 12 non-genetic exposure and examine whether a polyexposure and/or
a polygenic risk score improves diabetes prediction beyond traditional clinical
risk factors.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:

We identified 356,621 unrelated
individuals from the UK Biobank of white British ancestry with no prior
diagnosis of T2D and normal HbA1c levels. Using self-reported and hospital
admission information, we deployed a machine learning procedure to select the
most predictive and robust factors out of 111 non-genetically ascertained
exposure and lifestyle variables for the polyexposure risk score (PXS) in
prospective T2D. We computed the clinical risk score (CRS) and polygenic risk
score (PGS) by taking a weighted sum of eight established clinical risk factors
and over six million SNPs, respectively.

RESULTS:

In the study population, 7,513 had
incident T2D. The C-statistics for the PGS, PXS, and CRS models were
0.709, 0.762, and 0.839, respectively. Hazard ratios (HR) associated
with risk score values in the top 10% percentile versus the remaining
population is 2.00, 5.90, and 9.97 for PGS, PXS, and CRS respectively. Addition
of PGS and PXS to CRS improves T2D
classification accuracy with a continuous net reclassification index of 15.2%
and 30.1% for cases, respectively, and 7.3% and 16.9% for controls,
respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

For T2D, the PXS provides modest
incremental predictive value over established clinical risk factors. The
concept of PXS merits further consideration in T2D risk stratification and is
likely to be useful in other chronic disease risk prediction models.
Ten Years of International Shipping on the Northern Sea Route: Trends and Challenges
Authors: Gunnarsson Björn , Moe Arild
Published: February 2021

Analysis of detailed statistics shows remarkable fluctuations in the volume and composition of voyages on the Northern Sea Route (NSR) along the northern coast of Russia since international use began in 2010. There has been strong growth in destination shipping between the Arctic and ports outside the region, but transit shipping between the Pacific and the Atlantic has not experienced the growth many had anticipated. Explanations are found in international market conditions as well as in the management of the NSR, with important lessons for the future development of different shipping segments. Shipping companies from several countries took part in the period up to 2019, but they seem to have become less central in the current phase of NSR shipping, which is dominated by the transport of hydrocarbons out of the Arctic. Russia expects international transit to pick up later. However, Russia alone cannot determine the volume of international traffic: it is the international shipping industry that will assess the balance of factors and conditions, and conclude if and when the shorter Arctic routes are safe, efficient, reliable, environmentally sound and economically viable in comparison with other routes.
Klimaaktivisme – for en kritisk pædagogik i skolen
Authors: Tireli Üzeyir , Christian Jacobsen Jens
Published: February 2021

The escalating destruction of the climate has caused children and young people around the world to react. Greta Thunberg is a symbol of a rising activism for the climate. To support this process and especially the teachers’ work in the school, we explore how a reformulation of the critical-pedagogical tradition can mobilize students in the school so that they can implement realistic and responsible climate action. To this end, we have developed a model for analysis. The model is theoretical and normative and is designed with inspiration from national and international research projects in order to support a political formation process and the development of social competences across the school disciplines.
Skoleledernettverk som arena for læring og støtte
Authors: Fjeld Hilde Sofie , Sandhaug Ramberg Lin Elisabet
Published: February 2021

Artikkelen handler om nettverkssamarbeid mellom skoleledere, og formålet er å undersøke hvordan læring i og lederutvikling gjennom ledernettverk forstås fra rektorers og skoleeiers perspektiv, og hva som eventuelt gjør nettverk funksjonelle og levedyktige. Artikkelen baserer seg på data fra intervjuer med 6 rektorer og en representant for skoleeier i en kommune i Sør-Norge. Skoleledernettverk, som tidligere ble dannet på selvstendig initiativ, er etter hvert blitt en obligatorisk innretning hvor skoleeier har en viss innflytelse på agendaen. Studien søker å belyse nettverkssamarbeid som arena for læring og støtte i en tid da det stilles store forventninger og krav til skoleledere, og hvor vi ser at rekruttering til lederjobber i skolen svikter. Våre funn bekrefter i stor grad tidligere forskning og viser at samarbeidet i ledernettverkene virker utviklende og støttende for deltakerne når det gjelder å lede det langsiktige, planmessige arbeidet med skoleutvikling og i håndtering av mer rutinemessige driftsoppgaver. Sentrale trekk ved nettverkene som fremmer funksjonaliteten, er at de har en ledelse, at de har en grunnleggende struktur for samarbeidet, og at de oppleves som nyttige og formålstjenlige for deltakerne. For skoleeier er ledernettverkene en strategi for informasjonsdeling og lederutvikling.
English abstract
English title: School leadership network as an arena for development and support
The article is about network collaboration between school leaders, and the purpose is to investigate how learning in and leadership development through leadership networks is understood from the principals’ and school owners’ perspective and what makes networks functional and viable. The article is based on data from interviews with 6 principals and a representative of the school owner in a municipality in southern Norway. School leader networks, which were previously formed on an independent initiative, have gradually become a mandatory institution where the head of department has a certain influence on the agenda. The study seeks to shed light on network collaboration as an arena for learning and support at a time when great expectations and demands are placed on school leaders and where we see that recruitment for leadership jobs in the school fails. Our findings largely confirm previous research and show that the collaboration in the leadership networks has a developing and supportive effect on the participants when it comes to leading the long-term, planned work with school development and in handling more routine operational tasks. Central features of the networks that promote functionality are that they have a management, a basic structure for the collaboration and that they are perceived as useful and purposeful for the participants. For the school principal, the leadership networks are a strategy for information sharing and leadership development.
El parque urbano Nishi-Rokugō o parque de los neumáticos como ejemplo de la cultura de reciclaje en Japón
Authors: Mejía Salazar Gilberto
Published: February 2021

El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue divulgar la importancia de la reutilización de los materiales reciclados de las fábricas locales y vecinales, para lo cual se ha tomado como ejemplo la manera en que los japoneses aprovechan estos recursos para la creación y generación de parques y espacios públicos para el beneficio de la sociedad en general. El referente estudiado fue el parque urbano Nishi-Rokugō o parque de los neumáticos, localizado en Nishi-Rokugō, Ota-ku, en el distrito de Ota, en la metrópoli de Tokio (Japón). Como conclusión se puede indicar que el referido parque constituye un gran referente para el resto de los países, pues se evidencia cómo la cultura de las personas es parte vital para impulsar cambios en las ciudades, donde se necesitan entornos para hacer una pequeña pausa en medio de una cotidianidad tan agitada.
FORMATION OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IN TEACHING RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE THROUGH A DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Гирфанова Ксения Андреевна , Михалёва Елена Владимировна
Published: February 2021

Рассматривается проблема коммуникации и речевого взаимодействия в условиях дистанционного обучения, анализируются плюсы и минусы взаимодействия посредством цифровой образовательной среды. Проанализированы факторы, влияющие на эффективность формирования коммуникативной иноязычной компетенции и ее элементов. Проблема коммуникации исследуется через психоэмоциональные особенности обучающихся, обозначаются трудности, связанные с невербальными знаками коммуникации в онлайн-среде. Изучается проблема концентрации внимания студентов во время онлайн-обучения, а также приводится ряд рекомендаций по решению данной проблемы. В результате представлен подробный обзор и характеристика онлайн-сервисов, позволяющих устранить трудности, связанные с речевым взаимодействием в цифровой образовательной среде.

The article deals with the problem of communication and speech interaction in the context of distance learning. The relevance of this issue is due to the need to pay attention to the key points in online communication, that directly affect the effectiveness of the educational process. In this regard, the pros and cons of interaction through the digital educational environment are analyzed. The main characteristics of the digital educational environment are defined, such as openness, multimodality, and interactivity.
The study analyzes the factors that influence the effectiveness of the formation of communicative foreign language competence and its elements. The success of communication in the online learning process depends on external and internal factors. The problem of communication is investigated through the psychoemotional characteristics of students, difficulties associated with non-verbal signs of communication in the online environment are indicated. Therefore, we are studying the problem of students‘ concentration during online learning, which is key in this type of foreign language teaching. In addition, we give a number of recommendations for solving this problem.
As a result, a detailed overview and characteristics of online services designed for the development of different types of speech activity of students: reading, speaking, writing, listening. These services allow you to eliminate the difficulties associated with speech interaction in a digital educational environment.
SPIRITUAL AND MORAL DIRECTION OF THE EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF VOLUNTEERS AT LEISURE AND RECREATION SITES
Authors: Ляшенко Мария Игоревна
Published: February 2021

Представлены теоретические основания организации волонтерской деятельности студентов – будущих педагогов для решения задач духовно-нравственного воспитания детей и подростков на площадках досуга и отдыха. Обоснована специфика воспитательной деятельности духовно-нравственной направленности, конкретизированы цель и результат данной деятельности с учетом возможных ограничений, выделены виды и формы совместной деятельности детей и волонтеров, позволяющие инициировать духовные усилия воспитанников на самоанализ деятельности и поведения. Данные теоретические положения прошли практическую проверку и доказали свою результативность в рамках проекта «Ребята с нашего двора», который реализуется в течение пяти лет студентами Соликамского государственного педагогического института (филиала) ФГБОУ ВО «ПГНИУ».

The article raises the question of finding effective forms and means of overcoming the value disorientation of the younger generation. As a solution to this problem, the author proposes to use the volunteer resource of student youth, to attract future teachers to work with children’s associations of different ages at leisure and recreation sites. The content, purpose, objectives, methods and forms of interaction between volunteers and children at such sites determine the spiritual and moral orientation of their joint activities. To understand the specifics of such social practice, the author of the article presented the rationale for the peculiarities of educational activities of a spiritual and moral orientation, concretized the pedagogical goals and the result of this activity, taking into account possible restrictions, methods of selecting specific types and forms of interaction between children and volunteers, which allow initiating the spiritual efforts of pupils to self-analysis of activities and behavior, to motivate them to choose creative ways of self-realization. These theoretical propositions have been tested in practice and have proven their effectiveness within the framework of the “Guys from Our Yard” project, which has been implemented for five years by students of the Solikamsk State Pedagogical Institute (branch) of the Perm State National Research University. The materials proposed in the article can be used by volunteer associations, student pedagogical teams for organizing educational activities of a spiritual and moral orientation at leisure and recreation sites (or in working conditions with children’s associations of different ages at the place of residence).
Methods for management of investment energy-saving projects
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Stahov A. E. , Kadokova S. Yu. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Andreenko A. A. ,   LLC «Energostroy»
Published: February 2021

The article presents the study results of organizational and economic aspects of managing energy-saving investment projects. The requirements for the energy service construction contract are specified. The authors propose an economic-mathematical method for determining the optimal design of thermal protection of buildings taking into account the law of diminishing marginal utility.
Methodology for calculating the number of earthquakes at the construction site during the life cycle of the building
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Rutman Yu. L. , Ivanov A. Yu. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: February 2021

The paper offers a method of seismic damage assessment based on modeling seismic damage as a random event. In order to forecast various seismic events during the building life cycle of a structure, the authors use a formula characterizing the behavior of the Poisson process in the final time interval. After establishing with the predetermined confidence probability of different combinations of seismic events, the statistical treatment of the losses corresponding to these combinations of damage recovery costs is carried out. The results obtained can be used for choosing the seismic retrofit strategy of the building.
Monitoringof the sanitary-ecological situation in a sewer network
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Teliatnikova A. M. , Fedorov S. V. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Alekseev M. I. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: February 2021

The article deals with the problem of the negative impact of sewage gases on the sanitary and environmental conditions of the urban environment. There was performed monitoring of gases at a section of the sewer network with three observation wells as the most common type of structures. To control gas concentration, measuring equipment was installed in the wells for twenty four hours. According to the results of the survey, there was established the presence of methane and an increased content of carbon dioxide in the system. Also, a one-shot measurement of gas concentration in the environment near the wells was carried out. Based on the monitoring results at the observation wells, a low potential of the air pollution has been identified.
Brake tests of tires on dry asphalt concrete pavement in summer period
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Evtyukov S. S. , Gladushevskiy I. S. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: February 2021

The deceleration tests of M1 category vehicles were carried out using the BRAKE TESTER model LWS-2/MC decelerometer on dry asphalt concrete pavement at ambient temperature t = 17 ± 0,5 ºC. There were compared the values obtained as a result of measuring the adhesion coefficients of asphalt concrete pavement and those obtained during the brake tests.
Determination of coefficient A in the equation for estimating the residual resource by the age of building structures
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chernykh A. G. , Pukharenko Yu. V. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Korolkov D. I. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Belov V. V. ,   JSC "Atomproekt"
Published: February 2021

The article considers coefficient A from the equation for estimating the residual resource of the construction facility by the age of building structures taking into account the condition of the construction object during commissioning, that is the quality of construction-installation work performed. The authors propose using two techniques for determining the coefficient A. The first technique uses the method of expert estimates. Based on it, the equations for calculating the coefficient A are derived. The second technique for estimating the coefficient A is based on the method of assessing the quality of construction and installation, proposed by A. Kh. Bayburin. In each of the proposed methods, there are advantages and disadvantages. Based on the proposed approaches, the authors have developed an algorithm for estimating coefficient A in order to eliminate or reduce the influence of the disadvantages.
Chronicles of "Glue"
Authors: Ricci Stefano
Published: February 2021

Glue is new, is easy, is effective, it does not need anaesthesia nor require compression: glue is trendy. However, few but important drawbacks may be encountered (material persistence, inflammation, granuloma). Analysis of 4 recent articles may help to clear some doubts.
DESKRIPSI JAMUR ENDOFIT DARI TUMBUHAN RARU (Cotylelobium melanoxylon) GENUS ASPERGILLUS
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Riwayati Riwayati , Idramsa Idramsa
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jamur endofit dari kulit batang tanaman Raru (Cotylelobium melanoxylon). Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik identifikasi secara manual dengan melihat dan membandingkan karakteristik morfologi makroskopis dan mikroskopis setiap isolat jamur endofit kemudian mencari indeks similaritasnya sehingga diperoleh dendogram yang membagi setiap isolat menjadi beberapa klaster/genus. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis cluster Simple Matching Coefficient dalam program Multi Variate Statistical Package (MVSP) dimana setiap isolat yang memiliki indeks similaritas  ≥70% dikelompokkan menjadi satu klaster/genus. Hasil analisis cluster mendapatkan 8 klaster/genus jamur endofit yang ditemukan di dalam kulit batang tumbuhan Raru (Cotylelobium melanoxylon). Kedelapan genus tersebut di antaranya adalah genus Alternaria, Aspergillus, Botrytis, Debaromyces, Fusarium, Miselia Steril, Nigrospora, dan Scopulariopsis. Makalah ini menyajikan deskripsi dari genus Aspergillus. Kata kunci : Identifikasi, jamur endofit, Cotylelobium malanoxylon, indeks similiritas, genus  Aspergillus
The Diversity And Abundance Of Leafaud Planthopper (Auchenorrhyncha: Hemiptera) Along With Weeds In Rice Field Ecosystem In South Rantau Of Labuhan Batu Regency
Authors: Harahap Nirwana Fajri
Published: February 2021

The aim of this research is to find out the diversity, abundance, and dominance of leafaud planthopper (Auchenorrhyncha: Hemiptera) along with the types of weeds grow in rice field ecosystem in South Rantau of Labuhan Batu regency. This research was conducted by using purposive random sampling by using insect net. The collection of hopper was done by swinging the insect net for 50 times that took place in north, south, middle, east and south so that the amount of the sampling was 250 swings. The result of this research showed that there were 6 types of rice pests in vegetation period until stublade field in south Rantau of Labuhan Batu regency. They were : Nilaparvata lugens, Nephotettix sp, Cofana spectra, Recilia dorsalis, Thaia sp, Cicadulina bipunctata. The highest abundance was found in Nilaparvata lugens with 407 individuals, Nephotettix sp with 32 individuals, Cofana spectra with 38 individuals, Recilia dorsalis with 26 individuals, Thaia sp with 19 individuals,  and Cicadulina bipunctata with only 1 individual, with low diversity index, it was 0,1075. While the weeds found in south Rantau of Labuhan Batu regency were 5 types, they were Cyperus iria ,Cyperus rotundus,Papalum distichum, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Cyperus pilosus. The highest density was found in Cyperus iria weed, with total 25%, whilw the lowest density was found in Papalum distichum with total only 10%. The highest presence frequency was found in Cyperus iria, Cyperus rotundus, Papalum distichum,  Alternanthera philoxeroides with total 20%, while the lowest presence frequency was found in Cyperus pilosus with total 16%. The highest dominance was found in Cyperus rotundus with total 23.34%, while the lowest dominance was found in Cyperus pilosus with total 15.83%, and the highest important value index was found in Cyperus rotundus with total 64.24%, while the lowest important value index was found in Papalum distichum with total 52.69%. Keywords : Diversity, abundance, dominance, leafaud planthopper
Kajian Morfologi, Morfometri, dan Status Konservasi Hiu Yang Ditemukan Di Sumatera Bagian Utara
Authors: Rahayu Puput , Sudibyo Mufti
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis morfologi, morfometri dan status konservasi hiu di Sumatera Bagian Utara. Sampel penelitian di ambil dari Pusat Pasar Ikan di  Jl. Cemara Sampali Medan. Tujuh sampel yang di temukan, empat di antaranya di analisis menggunakan regresi berganda  dengan metode stepwise. Parameter di ukur adalah jara atau panjang terukur terhadap panjang total. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara morfologi ikan hiu yang di temukan dari jenis: Sphyrna lewini, Squalus megalops, Carcharinus melanopterus, Atelomycterus marmoratus, Chiloscyllium punctatum,Triaenodon obesus, dan Hemigaleus microstoma. Secara morfometri ukuran jarak atau panjang yang memberikan besaran koefisien determinasi (r2) dan parameter yang menentukan  panjang terukur dengan panjang total pada hiu Sphyrna lewini yakni PGI 92%, PD2 97% dan PSE 97,7%, pada hiu Squalus megalops yang berkontribusi terhadap panjang total adalah  FL  92%, PPL 98%, PE 96%, PSD 98% dan PPS 99%.  Pada hiu Carcharinus melanopterus FL  98,3%, PPL 99,6%, dan PSD adalah 99%. Pada hiu Atelomycterus marmoratus PD2 89%, PP 93%, dan PSP 95%. Status konservasi dari hiu yang di temukan pada hiu Carcharinus melanopterus, Atelomycterus marmoratus, Chiloscyllium punctatum, Triaenodon obesus adalah hampir terancam (NT), Squalus megalops adalah minim informasi (DD), Hemigaleus  microstoma adalah rawan (VU) dan Sphyrna lewini adalah terancam (EN).   Kata kunci : Morfologi, morfometri, konservasi
PENGARUH JAMUR ENDOPITIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KAKAO (Theobroma cacao .L) DI POLIBAG
Authors: Damanik Hotdiaman , Nusyirwan Nusyirwan
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi mikroorganisme jamur endopitik untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan tanaman kakao. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di laboratorium mikrobiologi, fisiologi dan rumah kaca Universitas Negeri Medan (UNIMED) pada bulan Mei sampai Agustus 2016, menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap non faktorial dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan yaitu M0 (Kontrol), M1 (Trichoderma koningi 100 gram), M2 (Trichoderma koningi 200 garam), M3 (Aspergillus niger 100 gram) dan M4 (Aspergillus niger 200 gram). Dengan menggunakan ANAVA (Analisys Of Variance) hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jamur endopitik berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter. Hasil terbaik untuk pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman adalah Trichoderma koningi 200 garam yaitu 41,06 cm. Untuk diameter batang yang terbaik adalah Trichoderma koningi 100 gram yaitu 0,83 mm. Hasil terbaik untuk jumlah daun adalah Aspergillus niger 200 garam yaitu 14,333 helai. Selain berpotensi untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan tanaman kakao, juga berpotensi sebagai pupuk biologis dan sebagai pengendali hayati untuk tanaman. Kata kunci : Theobroma cacao L., mikroorganisme endopitik, pupuk biologis dan pengendalian hayati.
JENIS KELAMIN HIU TUPAI (Chiloscyllium hasselti) BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI DAN MORFOMETRI
Authors: Laili Nurlaini , Sudibyo Mufti
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbedaan morfologi dan morfometri Hiu Tupai (Chiloscyllium hasselti) jantan dan betina serta mengetahui  faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap panjang total tubuh Hiu Tupai Jantan dan Betina. Sampel penelitian di ambil dari Pusat Pasar Ikan di Jl. Cemara Sampali Medan. Sampel Hiu Tupai (Chiloscyllium hasselti) yang diamati diambil sebanyak 35 jantan dan 35 betina. Karakter morfologi diperoleh dengan cara mengamati seluruh bagian tubuh antara jantan dan betina. Analisis statistik untuk membedakan antara jantan dengan betina menggunakan uji t, sedangkan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap panjang total menggunakan analisis regresi berganda metode stepwise. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara morfologi Hiu Tupai (Chiloscyllium hasselti) jantan dan betina berbeda pada bagian kepala (betina memiliki bentuk kepala dengan ujung membulat sedangkan jantan meruncing) dan organ reproduksi (jantan memiliki klasper sedangkan betina memiliki kloaka). Berdasarkan hasil uji t diketahui terdapat 12 perbedaan karakter morfometri Hiu Tupai (Chiloscyllium hasselti) jantan dan betina. Secara morfometri karakter yang paling tinggi kontribusinya terhadap panjang total tubuh jantan yaitu panjang moncong hingga sebelum sirip dorsal pertama (X2) 97,3%, panjang standard (X1) 98,3%, panjang klasper (X20) 99,1%, jarak antara sirip dorsal pertama dan kedua (X8) 99,3%, dan panjang ekor (X18) 99,5% dan panjang moncong hingga  sebelum kepala (X5) 99,6%. Sedangkan pada Hiu betina karakter morfometri yang paling tinggi kontribusinya yaitu panjang standard (X1) 95,7%, panjang mulut (X14) 97,7 %, panjang ekor  98,6 %, jarak antara sirip dorsal pertama dan kedua (X8) 98,9%, panjang sirip anal (X19) 99,1 % serta panjang sirip perut (X11) 99,6 %. Kata kunci : Morfologi, Morfometri, Chiloscyllium hasselti, Jenis Kelamin.
FORMULASI DAN UJI KEAMANAN HAIR TONIC EKSTRAK KROKOT PADA PERTUMBUHAN RAMBUT KELINCI
Authors: Ginting Emelia , Parinduri Isti Ullfa , Syavira Riri , Juliani Rita
Published: February 2021

Krokot adalah salah satu tanaman gulma yang dapat mengganggu pertumbuhan tanaman lainnya. Banyak masyarakat yang belum mengetahui manfaat krokot sehingga pemanfaatan krokot belum maksimal. Salah satu manfat krokot yang biasa digunakan masyarakat tradisional adalah untuk mengurangi kerontokan dan menyuburkan rambut. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui manfaat krokot sebagai hair tonic, menentukan nilai pH yang sesuai dalam percampuran formula hair tonic dengan ekstrak krokot, mengetahui jumlah mikrobiologi pada hair tonic, melihat pertumbuhan rambut pada kulit punggung kelinci serta rekasi hair tonic terhadap kulit punggung kelinci dan mengetahui perubahan bentuk, warna dan bau pada hair tonic. Metode penelitian dilaksakan menjadi dua bagian yaitu tahap pembuatan dan pengujian. Pada tahap pembuatan terdiri dari pengambilan sampel krokot kemudian dikeringkan dengan suhu ruangan, pembentukan serbuk dengan blender, maserasi serbuk krokot dan pemekatan dengan rotary evaporator untuk mendapatkan ekstrak krokot. Tahap pengujian hair tonic ekstrak krokot meliputi uji mikrobiologi, uji pH, uji aktivitas, uji iritas dan uji organoleptik Hasil penelitian diperoleh uji mikrobiologi diperoleh angka lempeng total 2,3 101 koloni/ml, Staphiloccocus aureus 0 koloni/ml (negatif), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 0 koloni/ml (negatif), dan Candida albicans 0 koloni/ml (negatif). Berdasarkan hasil uji dapat disimpulkan bahwa hair tonic yang dihasilkan telah memiliki mikrobiologi dengan kadar yang aman, pH tidak terlalu asam, mampu memanjangkan dan menambah bobot rambut, tidak menimbulkan iritasi serta aroma dan warna cukup disukai responden.
PENGARUH BAKTERI ENDOFIT Bacillus subtilis DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI PADA TANAMAN CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Nusyirwan Nusyirwan , Syahadah Rukiyah Abdi
Published: February 2021

Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi cabai merah yaitu dengan menggunakan bakteri endofit. Salah satu bakteri endofit yang bersifat PGPR yang dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk hayati adalah Bacillus subtilis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari Bacillus subtilis untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi cabai merah. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan 10 perlakuan dan 8 kali pengulangan. Parameter pengamatan yang digunakan untuk mengamati pertumbuhan tanaman yaitu, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang dan parameter pengamatan yang digunakan untuk mengamati produksi adalah jumlah buah pertama muncul. Data yang diperoleh diuji dengan ANOVA kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan dengan taraf kepercayaan 95 % menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 2.2. dari hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa Bacillus subtilis berpengaruh nyata dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman cabai. Dosis dan waktu pemberian yang paling berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman cabai merah adalah 1% dengan waktu pemberian 10 hari sekali yaitu pada perlakuan A2B2 dan dosis dan waktu pemberian yang paling berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan produksi tanaman cabai merah juga terdapat pada dosis 1% dengan waktu pemberian 10 hari sekali yaitu pada perlakuan A2B2.
EFEKTIVITAS FERMENTASI BAHAN ORGANIK DALAM PENGELUPASAN JARINGAN MESOFIL DAUN KUPU-KUPU (Bauhinia purpurea L.)
Authors: Astuti Yuni , Anugrah Devi , Faruq Hilman
Published: February 2021

Daun Kupu-kupu (Bauhinia purpurea) memiliki tekstur tulang daun yang indah dan kuat untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan kerajinan lukisan. Ketersediaannya melimpah di lingkungan karena banyak ditemui sebagai tanaman peneduh jalan. Pembuatan tulang daun menggunakan bahan kimia dapat mencemari lingkungan sehingga perlu adanya bahan organik yang ramah lingkungan untuk mempercepat proses pengelupasan jaringan mesofil daun. Desain penelitian Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dalam penelitian eksperimental ini terdiri dari empat perlakuan dengan enam ulangan. Daun Kupu-Kupu segar direndam dalam empat larutan bahan organik yaitu: 1) enceng gondok; 2) air cucian beras (air leri); 3) jerami padi; dan 4) lumpur. Enceng gondok dan jerami padi difermentasi terlebih dulu dengan campuran larutan EM4, gula, dan dedek. Selanjutnya perendaman daun dalam seluruh bahan organik dilakukan selama 14 hari. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini berupa persentase luas permukan daun yang mengelupas diukur menggunakan kuadran dengan skala 10x10 cm. Data persentase luas pengelupasan daging daun diuji normalitas dan homogenitasnya. Data diuji ANOVA satu faktor dilanjutkan uji Tukey untuk mengetahui bahan organik yang lebih efektif dalam pengelupasan mesofil daun Kupu-Kupu. Berdasarkan hasil uji ANOVA diperoleh Fhitung sebesar 3,380. Bila dibandingkan dengan Ftabel (3,098) pada α=0,05, maka Fhitung>Ftabel, artinya terdapat perbedaan pengaruh berbagai bahan organik terhadap pengelupasan mesofil daun Kupu-Kupu. Bahan organik berupa fermentasi jerami, air leri, dan lumpur efektif dalam mengelupaskan mesofil daun. Rata-rata persentase tertinggi ditemukan pada media fermentasi jerami padi (87%). Bahan organik yang digunakan bersifat ramah lingkungan. Faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah suhu, pH media rendaman, dan  keberadaan mikroorganisme. Pengidentifikasian jenis mikroorganisme mengalami kendala sehingga diperlukan penelitian lanjutan.
Ampliación de la matriz de igualdad en los tribunales ordinarios. El caso “Erica Borda” y la justicia laboral
Authors: Lobato Julieta
Published: February 2021

Este trabajo explora el caso “Erica Borda” resuelto por la Cámara Nacional de Apelaciones del Trabajo, sobre discriminación hacia las mujeres en el acceso al mercado laboral del transporte público en el área metropolitana. Nuestro argumento central sostiene que la distinción entre las resoluciones de primera y segunda instancia se funda en una cuestión de marco: mientras el primer decisorio partió de un paradigma individualista de igualdad como no discriminación, la sentencia de segunda reencuadró el caso en una noción robusta de igualdad como no sometimiento o no dominación. Demostraremos que este reencuadre impactó en tres sentidos principales: en la determinación de la disputa normativa, en la valoración de la prueba para la construcción de la argumentación jurídica y en las respuestas remediales.
Litigación sobre polinizadores (el derecho según las abejas)
Authors: Bailo Gonzalo L.
Published: February 2021

La presencia de los polinizadores es esencial para la biodiversidad y la producción de alimentos. La exposición a múltiples factores de estrés está provocando la pérdida de numerosas colonias de abejas melíferas y de distintos polinizadores silvestres. El objeto del trabajo es analizar el estado actual de la litigación respecto a algunos de estos factores de estrés. Se examinan sucesivamente casos que involucran neonicotinoides, sulfoxaflor, fipronil, glifosato, ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético y dimetoato. Se concluye que la litigación clásica sobre las abejas, centrada en problemas de propiedad y de responsabilidad civil por daños, está virando hacia una litigación sobre polinizadores, que intenta proteger la biodiversidad y la alimentación.
La judicialización de la salud mental: una investigación cualitativa sobre experiencias de personas con padecimiento psíquico
Authors: Bru Gabriela
Published: February 2021

Este artículo presenta resultados de una investigación social que se propuso comprender las particularidades que adquiere la judicialización a partir de las experiencias de personas con diagnóstico de padecimiento psíquico y restricción de la capacidad jurídica, mediante una recolección de datos de fuentes primarias y secundarias realizada durante el periodo 2015-2018. El objetivo del artículo es caracterizar y analizar las experiencias y trayectorias de las personas con padecimiento psíquico en el ámbito judicial. Esto incluye la comprensión inicial sobre el campo judicial y la experiencia adquirida a lo largo de la trayectoria, las modalidades para lidiar con el campo y resolver distintas situaciones. Asimismo, se analiza la relación que establecen las personas judicializadas con algunos documentos, como son las sentencias y las normativas jurídicas en materia de salud mental y Derechos Humanos. La investigación estipuló la realización de entrevistas semi estructuradas a hombres y mujeres judicializados, y el análisis de expedientes judiciales en la misma institución. Además, se realizaron entrevistas adicionales a profesionales que se desempeñan en el ámbito judicial.
VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF RAINBOW CHILI (Capsicum annuum L.) IN THE TREATMENT OF PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria), PGPR-NPK FERTILIZER, AND PGPR-COMPOST COMBINATION
Authors: Constantia Jennefer , Ferniah Rejeki Siti
Published: February 2021

Bolivian Rainbow Chili is one of the ornamental chili varieties which is unique in the form of its colorful fruit color. The vegetative growth of ornamental chilies requires additional nutrients and the role of microorganisms to obtain optimal growth. This study aims to determine the optimal growth of rainbow chilies using the application of PGPR biological fertilizer, a combination of PGPR biological fertilizer and NPK synthetic fertilizer, as well as a combination of PGPR biological fertilizer and compost organic fertilizer. This research was conducted with a completely randomized design (CRD). The data obtained were then analyzed by ANOVA and continued with the LSD test and Duncan’s test at the 5% test stage. The results showed that the combination treatment of PGPR and compost or PGPR and NPK provided optimal vegetative growth compared to single PGPR treatment.
EGOISME SEKTORAL & KEDAERAHAN SEBAGAI TANTANGAN PROGRAM PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN (Kasus Pengelolaan & Pemanfaatan Sumber Air Senjaya di Perbatasan Wilayah Kabupaten Semarang dengan Kota Salatiga)
Authors: Mardimin Johanes
Published: February 2021

Indonesian Otonomi Daerah or Desentralization policy had been dilemmatic and problematic when social control of society and supra-structure of the local government (supra-district) are weak and not effective. Beside exploitative and corruptive, that policy tend to stimulated sectoral egoism and regional (district) egoism. This paper which discuss the utilization and management of Senjaya water resources is a case that expose the sectoral egoism and regional egoism at the political decision making at the district level as the spirit of unsustainable development.Kata Kunci: Otonomi Derah, egoisme sektoral &, kedaerahan, keberlanjutan
MANAM’MI: PEMBANGUNAN BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL STUDI PADA MASYARAKAT MIANGAS KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN TALAUD
Authors: Sahadula Frinsisika Jelinda , Therik Wilson M.A.
Published: February 2021

Manam'mi tradition contains a set of informal values ​​or norms, such as mutual trust, mutual understanding, equality in values ​​and behavior, mutual assistance, and mutual help that forms the structure of society and becomes a bond among the community members which is effective for coordination  and cooperation in achieving the common goals. Manam'mi is one of coastal community local wisdom which contains marine resource management components. The Eha concept in a series of Manam'mi ritual embodies the natural resources sustainability as well as the marine ecosystem balance and provides opportunities for other living creatures to breed, so that the continuity of natural resources supplies on land and at sea are ensured. Sammi is the ecological intelligence of Miangas indigenous people in managing the marine resources by using environmentally friendly (eco-friendly) fishing gear.  The focus of this study is to describe how the implementation of Manam'mi ritual in community life in Miangas Island is viewed from the sustainable development, social capital and culture capital  perspective. This study used descriptive-qualitative approach. The approach was done by doing interview, observation, documentation study, and inductive model data analysis. Manam'mi tradition can be regarded as social capital of Miangas society because it involves belief, norms, and relationships/networks between the stakeholders. The study shows that Manam'mi contains three sustainable development approaches, namely environmental, economic, and socio-cultural approaches.
DALE ESA
Authors: Beeh Jos Josia , Suwartiningsih Sri , Kudubun Elly Esra
Published: February 2021

The village Bokonusan is the location on the Semau Island and the district of Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. Norma and refers to the contructual obligations between members of society in accordance with the rules of the costums, trust that refer to expectation and goals together in building in accordance with the values of mutual cooperation of solidarity of the community. As for the porpouse of research to, give me a description of application of the local Dale Esa in the life together in the village Bokonusan, as well as explain the elements of what is contained in the wisdom of Dale Esa as social capital in communities Bokonusan village. The method used is a qualitatve and approach to the contructivism oh the research descriptive aksplanative. Interwoven ily tradition, a marriege, birth, death, a new garden work (teh management of the land) and conflic resolution. The application of valeu to keep in daily life as from of social interaction. In the wisdom of Dale Esa the cooperation between the community refers to social relationships between societies so that, the social network, the obligation, prohibition, the rigth have, between members of the community to help each other as a from social norm, the emergance of the hope and goals together to build together as result the trust.
DIVERSIFIKASI AKTIVITAS IBU RUMAH TANGGA NELAYAN DI PULAU KOLORAY
Authors: Abubakar Jufri , Ndoen Marthen L.
Published: February 2021

This research was conducted to provide an overview of the economic dynamic of the community, especially housewives in island Koloray in an effort to fulfill livelihood. This study it might be able to provide information that can be used to solve the problems of livelihood of fishing communities in small island. This study uses ethnographic approach. The data collected is secondary and primary data. The interview, discussion, and observation occurs more when the researcher is involved in the activity or when the informant is making, or selling the cake, it is not uncommon for an interview to occur while eating lunch, dinner and breakfast. Based on the verification of work, there are economic activities of housewives are ula-ula, making snacks, kiosk, wickerwork and saving. This activity was carried out so that they could increase the livelihood of the household. These activities depend on each other. Snack depends on the results of ula-ula, keeping the stall also done if there is not ula-ula activity, as well as plait the mat.
Antecedents of Perceived Organizational Support to Improve Organizational Commitment in the Public Sector Institutions
Authors: Muchlish Munawar
Published: February 2021

Objective – This study aims to examine the effect of organizational reward, procedural justice, and supervisor support as an antecedent variables of perceived organizational support in increasing organizational commitment as the ultimate dependent variable at the local government units in Serang City Government, Banten Province, Indonesia.  Design/methodology – This research is an empirical study using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected through surveys and the respondents are civil servants from local government unit of Serang City Government. Data analysis was performed with the Structural Equation Model (SEM) with the SmartPLS (Partial Least Square) program. Results – The results of this study provide empirical evidence that organizational reward, procedural justice, supervisor support perceived organizational support, and organizational commitment have a significant positive relationship. This results is consistent with similar studies in private sector.
Determinants of Takaful Patronage Among Entrepreneurs in Sabon Gari Market, Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Sulaiman Sagir Muhammad , Dandago Abba Abdulhamid , Muhammad Muhammad Abdulaziz , Sabiu Tasiu Tijjani
Published: February 2021

Objective – This paper examined the determinants of Takaful patronage among the entrepreneurs in Sabon Gari market of Kano metropolis, Nigeria. Design/methodology – The paper adopted survey research approach through the use of questionnaire. Respondents were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Multivariate regression was adopted to test the hypothesized model of the study using variance-based SEM. The data was analyzed using Smart-PLS 3. Results – The results show that religiosity, trust and confidence and awareness most often positive and are found to significantly influence patronage of Takaful services at significant level of 0.05 while the three explanatory variables were able to explain 58% variation in the dependent variable.