bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
¿La regla de moda? El uso de la figura de doble postulación en Costa Rica (1998-2022)
Authors: Aguirre Raftacco Eugenia C. , Ovares Sánchez Carolina
Published: November 2024

En el trabajo se presentan los hallazgos de un estudio que analiza a nivel empírico y descriptivo el uso de la figura de la ‘doble postulación’ en las elecciones nacionales y generales de Costa Rica, durante el periodo de 1998 al 2022. Lo anterior con el objetivo de responder a la pregunta de investigación: ¿cómo se ha utilizado esta figura? La regla electoral de la ‘doble postulación’ consiste en la posibilidad de que en una misma elección una persona candidata se postule para más de un cargo o categoría, en un mismo proceso electoral. En Costa Rica la posibilidad de postulación simultánea para el cargo de la presidencia, las vicepresidencias y para una diputación data de 1996 y ha sido empleada en todas las elecciones. Sin embargo, en el año 2022 se incrementó la cantidad de dobles postulaciones al cargo de la Presidencia y Diputación. Debido a esto, resulta de interés describir y analizar las tendencias en el uso de esta figura. Para cumplir con el objetivo planteado se construye una base de datos original que aporta el universo de casos de uso de la figura en el país. A su vez se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a candidatos presidenciales que optaron por la doble postulación en las elecciones nacionales de 2022 y en anteriores, con la finalidad de explorar qué factores inciden en el uso de la figura de la doble postulación en las elecciones de este país centroamericano. Finalmente se presentan las conclusiones preliminares de este estudio.
Szükséges-e a subarachnoidealis vérzésen átesett betegek pszichológiai követése?
Authors: Beálló Vera , Németh Tamás , Stankovic Mona , Barzó Pál
Published: November 2024

Bevezetés: Megfigyelések szerint az aneurysmaeredetű
subarachnoidealis vérzés után még a látszólag teljesen felépült betegek is
gyakran komoly pszichés problémákról számolnak be (szorongás, lehangoltság,
hangulatingadozás, koncentrációképesség-csökkenés, memóriazavar).
Célkitűzés: Célunk az, hogy egy megvalósíthatósági
tanulmány keretein belül felmérjük a rendelkezésre álló, gyakran alkalmazott
pszichológiai tesztek hatékonyságát a vérzésen átesett betegek állapotának
felmérése során, és ezzel együtt megkezdjük egy subarachnoidealis vérzés utáni
pszichológiai gondozórendszer kiépítését. Módszer: 2023. május
és 2024. január között összesen 52, aneurysmaeredetű subarachnoidealis vérzést
szenvedett, jó kimenetellel gyógyult, azaz tünetmentes, vagy enyhe tünetekkel
együtt élő, de önellátását megőrző (módosított Rankin-skála <2) beteget
vontunk be vizsgálatunkba. Az általános betegadatok (életkor, nem,
iskolázottság) mellett feljegyeztük a kezelés módját, és kizártuk az
aneurysmakezelés szövődményeként szignifikáns állapotromlást szenvedett
betegeket. Vizsgálatunk fő célja szerint a következő pszichológiai teszteket
alkalmaztuk: Montreal Kognitív Felmérés (MoCa), Spielberger Állapot/Vonás
Szorongás Kérdőív (STAI-S/T), Beck Depresszió Kérdőív (rövid változat – BDI-R).
Eredmények: A fenti kritériumoknak megfelelően összesen 38
nő és 14 férfi, 53 éves átlagéletkorú (SD = 7,14) beteget vontunk be
vizsgálatunkba. A pszichológiai vizsgálat eredményeképpen a betegek
egyharmadánál derült fény kognitív zavarra, 74% esetében találtunk valamilyen
mértékű depressziót, ebből 10% esetében súlyos depressziós állapot állt fenn,
továbbá a betegek 42%-a szorong az átlagosnál jobban. Összefüggést mutat a
betegek szorongásszintje, a depresszió súlyossága és a kognitív zavar
megjelenésének esélye. Megbeszélés és következtetés: Eddigi
eredményeink alapján a subarachnoidealis vérzést követően a szomatikusan szinte
tünetmentes betegeknél is rendszeresen jelentkeznek közepes-súlyos fokú pszichés
problémák, melyek miatt e betegek pszichológiai gondozásba vétele szükséges.
Vizsgálatunk bebizonyította, hogy a magyar nyelven elérhető pszichológiai
tesztek nem alkalmasak a subarachnoidealis vérzést elszenvedett betegek
állapotának pontos feltérképezésére, majd a változások követésére a tanulási
hatás miatt. Továbbá fény derült arra, hogy a betegség kimenetelének
osztályozására használt módosított Rankin-skála önmagában nem elégséges
információ a betegek pszichológiai állapotára vonatkozóan, mivel nem
differenciál jól a tüneteket érintően, ezért új, azt kiegészítő,
subarachnoidealis vérzésre specifikus teszt alkalmazása, átvétele, honosítása
szükséges, melyet intézményünk éppen ezen okok miatt megkezdett. Orv Hetil.
2024; 165(44): 1753–1759.
A transzplantált szív kilökődésének előrejelzése endomyocardialis biopsziás minták mesterségesintelligencia-alapú patológiai vizsgálatával
Authors: Szferle Csaba , Sághi Márton , Nagy Beáta , Horváth Péter , Kriston András , Kovács Ferenc , Krenács Tibor , Fintha Attila
Published: November 2024

Bevezetés: A digitális képanalízisen alapuló technológiáknak
egyre nagyobb szerepük van a patológiai diagnosztikában.
Mesterségesintelligencia-alapú adatelemzéssel a szemkontrollnál objektívebb,
részletes morfológiai jellemzésre nyílik lehetőség, ami a leletezés idejét is
csökkentheti. Célkitűzés: Jelen dolgozatunkban célul tűztük ki
a BIAS (Single-Cell Technologies) képelemző program sejtmagfelismerő és
sejtmag-elkülönítő képességének optimalizálását. Módszer: Ehhez
5-5 szívtranszplantált eset Gr0R, Gr1R, Gr2R stádiumú endomyocardialis
biopsziájának hematoxilin-eozin-festett, digitalizált metszetén lymphocyták,
myocyták és egyéb szöveti struktúrák felismerését, valamint morfológiai
jellemzőit (távolság, denzitás) vizsgáltuk. Eredmények:
BIAS-elemzésünk a lymphocytadenzitás-átlagok emelkedését igazolta a
graftrejekció szövettani jeleinek progressziója során (Gr0R: 127,02/mm² <
Gr1R: 324,03/mm² < Gr2R: 686,49/mm²), ahol a Gr0R<Gr1R eredmények mutattak
szignifikáns különbséget. A lymphocyták legközelebbi egymástól mért távolságának
átlaga is ennek megfelelően változott (Gr0R: 32,44 µm > Gr1R: 19,37 µm >
Gr2R: 11,63 µm), az utóbbi kettő értékei szignifikánsan a Gr0R-esetek alatt
maradtak. A myocytákhoz közeli, távolsági sorrendben az első tíz lymphocytát
jellemző myocyta–lymphocyta-távolságok átlagai hasonló módon alakultak (Gr0R:
55,32–193 µm > Gr1R: 35,16–109,96 µm > Gr1R: 32,46–92,95 µm), vagyis a
Gr0R-esetekben a lymphocyták átlagos távolsága a myocytáktól szignifikánsan
nagyobb volt, mint a többi csoportban. Az intramyocardialis kötőszövet
mennyisége 1 mm² szívizomzatban jelentős emelkedés (Gr0R: 1013,72 µm², Gr1R:
1942,65 µm²) után mérséklődött (Gr2R: 1686,79 µm²), míg az intramyocardialis
oedema mérsékelt csökkenés után emelkedett (Gr0R: 202,42 µm², Gr1R: 181,56 µm²,
Gr2R: 273,91 µm²) a rejekció progressziója során. Megbeszélés:
Mesterséges intelligencián alapuló módszerünk – megfelelő tanulás után –
alkalmas a lymphocyták, myocyták és a kötőszövet mennyiségének, az oedema
mértékének, valamint a kilökődés szempontjából fontos morfológiai paramétereknek
(távolság, denzitás) az objektív patológiai elemzésére transzplantált szív
endomyocardialis bioptátumaiban. Következtetés: A komplex
digitális képanalízis ígéretes segítség lehet a szívtranszplantáltak
szervkilökődésének hatékony patológiai értékelésében és előrejelzésében. Orv
Hetil. 2024; 165(44): 1728–1734.
A medullaris pajzsmirigyrák diagnosztikája és kezelése négy magyarországi egyetemi centrumban (2000–2023)
Authors: Réti Zsuzsanna , Tőke Judit , Balla Réka , Nagy V. Endre , Bodor Miklós , Valkusz Zsuzsanna , Kovács Kristóf Attila , Iványi Gábor , Garami Miklós , Győry Ferenc , Huszty Gergely , Sápi Zoltán , Mezősi Emese , Tóth Miklós
Published: November 2024

Bevezetés: A medullaris pajzsmirigyrák ritka pajzsmirigydaganat,
amely a kalcitonint termelő, parafollicularis C-sejtekből ered. Annak ellenére,
hogy egyedi hisztológiai és biokémiai markerekkel rendelkezik, a medullaris
pajzsmirigyrák diagnosztizálása és kezelése továbbra is összetett feladat.
Célkitűzés és módszer: Tanulmányunkban négy magyar egyetemi
központban 2000 és 2023 között diagnosztizált medullaris pajzsmirigyrák eseteket
elemeztünk restrospektíven. Vizsgáltuk a demográfiai adatokat, a biokémiai
markereket, meghatároztuk a betegség stádiumát, elemeztük a beavatkozás
típusait, valamint a szérumkalcitonin kettőződési idejét és a betegség
lefolyását. Eredmények: A 171 esetből 156 beteg volt alkalmas a
bevonásra. A diagnózis időpontjában nyirokcsomó-érintettség 37,5%-ban volt
jelen. Preoperatív kalcitoninmeghatározás az esetek 84,2%-ában,
vékonytű-aspirációs biopszia a betegek 72%-ában történt. A preoperatív citológia
az esetek 67,4%-ában igazolta a medullaris pajzsmirigyrákot. A betegek közel
egyharmadát IV. stádiumban diagnosztizáltuk. Totalis thyreoidectomia és
nyirokcsomó-dissectio 53,8%-ban történt, ez az arány nagyobb volt 2015 után,
mint korábban (p<0,05). A kalcitoninértékek alapján 44 beteget gyógyultnak
tekintettünk a műtét után. Progresszív betegséget az esetek 47,8%-ában
észleltünk. A műtét utáni első évben a betegek 75%-ában volt elérhető
kalcitoninmérés. A két évnél rövidebb posztoperatív kalcitoninkettőződési idő
szignifikánsan rövidebb progressziómentes túléléssel járt, mint a két évnél
hosszabb kalcitoninduplázódási idő. Megbeszélés: A genetikai
vizsgálatok az esetek 34,2%-ában azonosítottak csíravonali
tirozin-kináz-receptor (RET)-mutációkat, főként a 634-es kodonban.
Tirozin-kináz-inhibitorokat 35 előrehaladott esetben alkalmaztunk.
Szelperkatinibkezelés mellett ritkábban észleltünk betegség progressziót, és
kevesebb volt a mellékhatás, mint a multikináz-gátlók adása esetén.
Következtetés: A medullaris pajzsmirigyrák kezelése
továbbra is kihívást jelent. Bár rutinszerű mérése vitatott, a preoperatív
kalcitoninmérés továbbra is kulcsfontosságú a diagnózisban. A
vékonytű-aspirációs biopszia önmagában gyakran nem elegendő a pontos preoperatív
diagnózishoz; immuncitológia vagy a szívadékból meghatározott kalcitonin
növelheti a preoperatív diagnosztika érzékenységét. Lokális betegségek esetén a
műtét kuratív lehet, míg az előrehaladott esetek egyedi megközelítést
igényelnek. A csírasejtes és szomatikus RET-mutációk elemzése elengedhetetlen a
medullaris pajzsmirigyrák célzott kezeléséhez. Orv Hetil 2024; 165(44):
1735–1745.
Unveiling the hidden power of noncoding RNAs in pediatric respiratory diseases
Authors: Yu Shishu , Chen Lili , Zhang Mingyao , Lu Yu
Published: November 2024

Respiratory diseases in children are common health problems that significantly impact their quality of life and health status, and this has its own unique challenges compared to adults. A growing body of research has focused on epigenetic mechanisms that relate with the development of various diseases, such as pediatric respiratory diseases. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially long noncoding RNAs, microRNA, and circular RNA, are reported to play a regulatory role in pediatric respiratory diseases whose mutations or aberrant expressions are strongly associated with the development of these diseases. In this review, we mainly discussed the functions of these three ncRNAs in pediatric respiratory diseases.
Justification of an innovative system for the complete burial of solid, high-level radioactive waste (HLW) in spent open-pit mines
Authors: Kaimov Aidarkhan , Kaiym Talgat , Kaimov Suleimen , Kaimov Abylay , Kanagatova Nazym
Published: November 2024

The object of research is the spent open-pit mines themselves where the proposed system could be applied. The primary reason for this studying is the following circumstance: up to the present time period, in all countries of the world, no methods of HLW disposal in a storage facility has been identified that is absolutely safe for any length of time, taking into account the impact of catastrophic natural emergencies and man-made emergencies. The research was conducted to address the problem of safely managing and storing HLW, leveraging the unique characteristics of spent open-pit mines, such as their large volume and geological stability, to prevent environmental contamination and ensure long-term safety. In the article has been justified a novel approach to the burial of sarcophagus containers with solid HLW in exhausted mining pits and studied the usabilities of the basalt sarcofagous container. Robust materials and advanced robotic systems proposed in the article aims to address the challenges associated with long-term radioactive waste disposal effectively. The robotic systems transfer the basalt container with HLW, ensuring personnel safety by minimizing human presence near radioactive materials. In the article have been established the distribution of temperature into the multi-layered composite structure of the basalt sarcophagous with HLW from 300 °C into the inner space to 50 °C onto on the its outer suffer where the thickness of each layers (from inner to outer radius) was respectively: for lead matrix: from r1=0.1 m to r2=0.2 m; for clay layer: from r2=0.2 m to r3=0.3 m; for basalt block: from r3=0.3 m to r4=0.4 m. The findings on temperature distribution are crucial as they directly affect the performance and longevity of the basalt containment system
Kvalitet som en paradoxal praktik: Systematisk kvalitetsutveckling inom den sociala barnavården
Authors:   , Evaldsson Christina
Published: November 2024

This study has examined systematic quality improvement within child welfare services, a key area for supporting vulnerable children. Despite legal requirements and guidelines concerning quality, challenges persist in applying these in practice. The study has explored how quality and systematic quality improvement are understood and implemented, focusing on the tension between standardization and adaptation to the individual needs of children and families. A qualitative, practice-oriented, and interactive approach was employed in collaboration with the social services department of Jönköping municipality, Sweden. The study included interviews with professionals at both strategic and operational levels, observations of two child welfare units, and document analysis. A content analysis was conducted, with participants involved through several analysis seminars. The study reveals that quality and systematic quality improvement are understood in two different ways within child welfare services. Quality is perceived either as an objective, standardised concept or as something flexible and responsive to individual needs. These differing understandings align with two contrasting approaches to quality improvement: a hierarchical model emphasising a problem-solving approach to improvement, fixed structures, top-down goal management, and evaluation as control; and a decentralised strategy focused on an intuitive and experience-driven improvement approach, flexible structures, locally driven goals, and evaluation for reflection. The hierarchical strategy sees quality as consistency, while the decentralised model views quality as responsiveness to unique circumstances. This creates paradoxes, with professionals endorsing both strategies. However, tensions arise when these strategies clash, contributing to a gap between guidelines and practical application. Balancing hierarchical and decentralised strategies is crucial for managing the paradoxes inherent in systematic quality improvement. To address these tensions, the study develops a paradox-informed model, integrating both approaches to create a more meaningful and sustainable quality improvement process. The model provides a practical framework for balancing uniformity and adaptability, making quality improvement more relevant to professionals' daily work, ultimately enhancing outcomes for those receiving support from child welfare services.
Design Features of a Removable Module for Securing Containers in Gondola Cars
Authors: Panchenko S. V. , Lovska A. O. , Pavliuchenkov M. V. , Rukavishnykov P. V.
Published: November 2024

Purpose. The main purpose of the study is to highlight the design features of the design of a removable module for fastening containers in gondola cars. Methodology. For the safe transportation of containers in gondola cars, it is proposed to use a removable module. This module operates on the principle of an intermediate adapter between the container and the open wagon body. The choice of the profiles of the beams of the frame of the removable module was made according to the moments of resistance of their components. To do this, the core system of the removable module frame was constructed and calculated using the Lira CAD software package. According to the maximum bending moment acting in the module frame due to the moment of resistance and the known permissible stresses, the profile of the frame beams was selected. Taking into account the selected profile of the frame, its spatial model was built and strength calculations were performed. The finite element method implemented in SolidWorks Simulation was used for strength calculations. The calculation was carried out for two loading schemes of the removable module: the effect of a vertical load and the effect of vertical and longitudinal loads. Findings. Based on the calculation, the profile of the removable module was selected according to the determined value of the resistance moment - a square pipe with a height and width of 300 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm. The results of the strength calculations of the removable module showed that for the case of its perception of a vertical load, the maximum stresses are 112.5 MPa. The maximum displacements occur in the upper parts of the superstructures and are about 1 mm. For the case of the vertical and longitudinal loads perceived by the removable module, the maximum stresses in its structure amounted to 287.6 MPa. The maximum displacements occurred in the end superstructure located on the side of the load applied to the removable module. These displacements amounted to 2.16 mm. Thus, the strength of the removable module for the considered loading schemes is ensured. Originality. A scientific approach to the design of a removable module for securing containers in gondola carsis proposed. Practical value. The research will contribute to the creation of recommendations for the design of modular-type vehicle structures, as well as to improving the efficiency of railway transport operation.
Psilocybin Mushrooms and Public Health in Brazil: Insights from a Retrospective Analysis of Adverse Events and Their Implications for Regulatory Discussions
Authors: Nogueira Marcel , García-Hernández Solimary , Roberto Gleicy Sotéro , Marques Leonardo Zanella
Published: November 2024

Current drug policy classifies psilocybin, a compound found in psychoactive mushrooms, as having high abuse potential while overlooking its therapeutic properties. We evaluated the risk of psilocybin mushrooms to Brazilian public health compared to other toxic agents and assessed the need for regulatory discussions. This retrospective cross-sectional study followed STROBE guidelines, using data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) on adverse events reported from 2007 to 2022. Participants were categorized into a general drug abuse group, which was further divided into psilocybin and unknown mushroom subgroups. Clinical outcomes included non-hospitalization, hospitalization, and death, with associations analyzed via the Chi-square test. Out of 112,451 individuals seeking medical attention for drug abuse-related events, men predominated (n = 79,514; 70.7%), with alcohol being the primary agent (n = 71,824; 49.2%). The psilocybin mushroom group included 13 participants, and the unknown mushroom group included 51. Hospitalization rates were 19.5% (n = 21,923) for drug abuse, 46.2% (n = 6) for psilocybin mushrooms (0.02% of all hospitalizations) (99% CI: 10.6%-81.6%), and 23.5% (n = 12) for unknown mushrooms (99% CI: 8.3%-38.7%). Mortality was 1.8% (n = 2035) for drug abuse group, with no fatal events in the psilocybin or unknown mushroom groups. Deaths were mainly linked to cocaine (33.3%). These findings suggest a low risk for psilocybin mushrooms, though underreporting may be a factor. This study underscores the need for evidence-based regulatory discussions to ensure safe access to psilocybin for clinical and ceremonial use.
Bulk adhesion of ice to concrete–strength
Authors: Barker Anne , Bruneau Stephen , Colbourne Bruce , Bugden Austin
Published: November 2024

This paper presents the results of a laboratory test program designed to investigate the adhesive effects of large-scale (bulk) ice on concrete. Medium-strength concrete cylinders were sawn into discs, and attached to a sample table. Freshwater ice samples, frozen using smaller, standard-sized concrete cylinders, were adhered to the concrete with both varying bond times and added weight during bonding. Shear strength tests were conducted at a set displacement rate, under a number of temperatures. The effect of these variables on the adhesive strength of ice to concrete was examined, as well as whether there was any noticeable removal of concrete cement paste or aggregate during testing. The tests indicate that the adhesive strength is negligible when the method of adhesion is “dry” (no liquid layer at the onset of adhesion). Tests with “wet” adhesion indicated a significantly higher strength. The nominal versus the apparent contact area had significant implications for the determination of the adhesive strength of the bond between the ice and the concrete. Removal of cement paste was evident in a number of tests, however the amount was not significant. The results have relevance for design of structures in a marine environment, such as revetement dams or rubblemound breakwaters, as well as for the standardization of adhesion tests with ice and concrete.
Briefing: The 18th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Milan, Italy
Authors: Borah Bonisha , Kaushik Hemant B.
Published: November 2024

Every four years, since 1956, a global pilgrimage begins. Earthquake engineers from the farthest reaches of the world converge, drawn by an unspoken call beneath the grand canopy of knowledge – the World Conferences on Earthquake Engineering. Here, they gather, under the umbrella of the International Association for Earthquake Engineering, to stand united in their pursuit of taming the unforgiving effects of tremors of the earth.
Walnut shell/phenolic resin carbon electrodes via laser sintering and KOH activation
Authors: Zhang Hao , Li Jian , Dai Guixin , Guo Yanling , Li Yicong , Shi Long , Zhang Haoyu , Zhang Aitian
Published: November 2024

Currently, the application of 3D-printed biomass-based carbon electrodes is hindered by their suboptimal performance. This study utilizes walnut shell powder as a carbon source and employs selective laser sintering technology for the efficient 3D printing of a double-helix carbon precursor. High-performance biomass-based carbon electrodes are prepared through carbonization and potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation. Comparative studies on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of the carbonized and activated samples were conducted. Experimental results demonstrate that potassium hydroxide activation significantly enhances the microstructure of the carbon electrodes, leading to marked improvements in their electrochemical performance. During desalination experiments, the carbon electrodes exhibited excellent ion removal efficiency, with a maximum conductivity reduction rate of 0.2 μS/cm·min, confirming their feasibility in seawater desalination applications. This research validates the potential of walnut shell biomass for the preparation of 3D-printed carbon electrodes, addressing bottlenecks in traditional carbon electrode manufacturing processes while promoting efficient biomass utilization and environmental protection.
Review of Digital Twins–enabled applications for demand response
Authors: Xie Yuan , Fang Zigeng , Korolija Ivan , Rovas Dimitrios
Published: November 2024

Digital Twins (DT), as one of the emerging trends in digitalisation, have attracted a large amount of research in the past few years due to its ability to provide more accurate models and better predictions for various energy-related applications. In the context of demand response (DR), the real-time bidirectional communication characteristic of DT allows for functions such as real-time energy forecast and decision-making aid, which provided high potential in DR applications due to the nature of DR being highly time-sensitive. The objective of this paper is to explore the concept and application of DT in the domain of DR, as there are currently limited numbers of review on this topic. It was identified that most work in this area shows promising results but is still exploratory. The main application of DT in the domain of DR is using DT as an enabling tool by leveraging the real-time and data processing function of DT for monitoring and decision-making, and providing a medium for better visualisation. Future studies can experiment with applying DT frameworks to larger case studies and apply more elaborate DT with higher maturity levels.
Taiwan Comics: History, Status, and Manga Influx 1930s–1990s
Authors: Lee I-yun
Published: November 2024

This book is the first comprehensive introduction to the comics culture of Taiwan. Under martial law (1949–87), Taiwan’s comics culture was shaped by an intriguing mix: mainland Chinese traditions of political cartoons (manhua) and popular “picture books” (lianhuanhua) existed side by side with pirated and often obscured Japanese manga. Triangulating the sociology of culture, media history, and comics studies, the book investigates the hybridity of Taiwan comics with regard to the intricate relationship between transcultural while situated forms and socio-cultural contents against the backdrop of changes in comics’ cultural, symbolic, and economic capital. The main focus is on entertaining graphic narratives, that is, a type of comics that was ascribed a low cultural status in postwar Taiwan. The first chapter lays out the concept of comics that the book applies—comics as media rather than “art.” It also highlights manga’s postwar visual grammar, which came to serve as a standard for entertaining graphic narratives in Taiwan. The following chapter surveys the genealogy of the media form from the period of Japanese colonial rule to the eve of the new censorship system in the 1960s. The third chapter scrutinizes the comics censorship system, which ultimately facilitated manga piracy and thereby interrupted the development of local comics production. Historical government documents and newspaper articles are analyzed to grasp the complicated exchange between artists, publishers, and the authorities. The fourth chapter looks into the different positions held by “mainlanders” and “islanders” with regard to publication venues (newspapers, magazines, and rental-store editions) and interpersonal networks. The last chapter shifts the focus to representational content with a special emphasis on graphic history and examines how the setting of comics narratives in an ahistorical “ancient China” related to contemporaneous official history. Thus, the book provides insights into Taiwan’s postwar history and controversial national identity through the lens of comics while introducing an extraordinarily heterogeneous media to researchers engaged in comics and manga studies.
Infection with Barley yellow dwart virus and Wheat streak mosaic varieties of winter rye (Secale cereale L.) grown in the Middle Urals
Authors:   Perm State University, Pechenkina Viktoriia A. , Nagovicina Veronika O. ,   Perm State University, Vasilieva Yulia S. ,   Perm State University, Fomin Denis S. ,   Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fomin Dmitrii S. ,   Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Boronnikova Svetlana V. ,   Perm State University
Published: November 2024

Rye is a strategically important crop in Russia, which is less demanding than other crops on soil fertility, mineral nutrition conditions and plant protection measures. Monitoring of the phytosanitary condition of winter rye varieties is a necessary measure for its stable yield. Four varieties of domestic selection Secale cereale L. (Nika, Vikras, Parom and Chusovaya), grown in the conditions of the Middle Urals in the experimental fields of the Perm and Ural Research Institute, PCR diagnostics of viral infections was carried out. RNA samples of 4 varieties of winter rye were analyzed by real-time PCR for infection with the Barley yellow dwart virus (BYDV) and the Wheat streak mosaic virus (VSMV). Barley yellow dwart virus was diagnosed in 60% of all studied samples of winter rye leaves, and wheat streak mosaic virus was diagnosed in 15% of the studied samples. The most resistant to the barley yellow dwart virus of barley leaves is the variety of winter rye Chusovaya, since it is infected only in the field of the Perm Research Institute. Varieties Nika 3, Vikras and Chusovaya are the most resistant to the wheat streak mosaic virus. A variety of winter rye was infected with this virus by Parom (30%). Further monitoring of the phytosanitary situation and profiling of viral infections of winter rye varieties in the territory of the Middle Urals is necessary.
The influence of ADRB2 and PPARGC1A genes on the development of the “endurance” physical quality among martial artists of the city of Perm
Authors:   Perm State University, Sorokina Anna V. ,   Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy, Koryakova Anastasia S. ,   Perm State University, Levina Daria R. ,   Perm State University
Published: November 2024

Knowledge of genetic predisposition to certain types of sport activities will help improve the development of important physical qualities, and will also allow of scientifically based selection of the most promising athletes and adjustment of their training process. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between polymorphic variants of the ADRB2 (Adrenoceptor Beta 2) and PPARGC1A (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-Alpha) genes associated with endurance in athletes involved in jiu-jitsu and freestyle wrestling and schoolchildren not involved in sports. The sample for the investigation included 100 people, divided into Group I, which included martial artists, and a comparison group (Group II), which consisted of schoolchildren who did not participate sports. Studies were conducted using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in subjects aged 10 to 16 years, and polymorphisms G/A of the PPARGC1A gene (rs8192678) and A/G of the ADRB2 gene (rs1042713) were identified. An analysis of the relationship between allelic variants of genes in martial artists and the comparison group was carried out. Significant differences were established between Group I and Group II for genotype G/G (Fop 3.13>1.96 at p=0.05) and genotype G/A (Fop 2.76>1.96 at p=0.05) of the PPARGC1A gene. For athletes involved in jiu-jitsu and freestyle wrestling, it has been shown that genotypes G/G and G/A of the PPARGC1A gene can be used as markers to predict the formation of the physical quality endurance. The frequency of the total genetic score (TGS) calculated for the physical quality endurance based on the polymorphism of the ADRB2 and PPARGC1A genes in 100 subjects, varied from 0 to 100. Genetic analysis data is necessary in the process of training martial artists in sports schools: based on this data, it is possible to create individual training programs taking into account the genotype and physical fitness characteristics of a particular athlete.
Karst Hazards at the Territory of Khokhlovka Architectural and Ethnographic Museum
Authors:   Perm State University, Krasilnikova S. A. , Kustov I. V. ,   Perm State University, Konoplev A. V. ,   Perm State University, Tatarkin A. V. ,   Perm State University, Abroskin O. D. ,   Perm State University
Published: November 2024

Exogenous geologic processes (EGP) on the territory of Perm Krai have a wide development. In this list, karst occupies a special position, as this process is widespread and, in addition, can serve as a catalyst for associated hazardous geological processes. At the request of the management of the State Regional Budgetary Cultural Institution "Perm Regional Museum of History" the authors conducted a reconnaissance survey of karst occurrences in the territory of the architectural and ethnographic museum "Khokhlovka" to assess the geological risks and to ensure the safe operation of cultural heritage object, non-capital structures and engineering facilities. This article presents the results of preliminary assessment of karst hazard of the territory, based on the analysis of stock materials, remote sensing data and field reconnaissance survey.
On the Problems of Integrated Use and Protection of Water Resources in the Orenburg Region and Adjacent Territories
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Gaev A. Ya. , Kudelina I. V. ,   Orenburg State University, Gaev I. A. ,   Orenburg State University
Published: November 2024

The water resources of the Orenburg region are formed mainly due to water of infiltration origin. Their dynamics and chemical composition change zonally, decreasing from north to south, from forest-steppes to dry steppes and further to the deserts of Kazakhstan in accordance to the laws of latitudinal and altitudinal zonation, which vary depending on the regions. Well hydrogeologically closed areas have a powerful zone of hydrohalogenesis. With a decrease in the closeness of the subsoil, the thickness of zones of hydrogenesis increases, reaching a maximum in the folded mountainous Urals, where hydrogeological zoning is consistent with landscape-geochemical heterogeneity and drainage basins. Concentrations of elements in waters increase from the aeration zone to the zone of normal base flow. A regional geochemical barrier of hydrogen sulfide waters for metals has been identified in the structures of the Cis-Ural region. The volume of chemical denudation decreases towards the dry steppe zone and increases in elevated areas composed of gypsum and karst rocks. To solve water management problems it is necessary to introduce modern technologies. These include complex devices with geochemical, hydrodynamic and complex barriers.
Estimation of Source Parameters of Gravitational Anomaly by Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors:   Mining Institute UB RAS, Dolgal A. S. ,   Perm State University, Petrosyan R. N. ,   Perm State University,   LLC Antikarst and coastal protection, Ryzhov N. V. ,   Perm State University,   LLC Antikarst and coastal protection
Published: November 2024

An algorithm for solving a nonlinear inverse problem of gravity exploration using the particle swarm optimization for a two-dimensional horizontal prism is considered. After a relatively small number of iterations, the size and depth of the disturbing object were determined. Three options were used to adjust the speed of movement of the swarm during the optimization process. The interpretation results are presented in the form of a geodensity model that corresponds to the minimum discrepancy between the observed and theoretical fields, as well as a vertical isoline map of the localization function. A quantitative interpretation of the gravity force of the Berezovskiy anomalous zone (Perm region) was carried out. It is concluded that the use of swarm intelligence is highly promising for assessing the parameters of gravitational anomalies sources.
Analisis of the Development of the South-Ostashkovichskoye Oil Field
Authors:   Belarusian State University, Yushchenko I. S.
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of the development of inter-salt and intra-salt oil deposits of the South-Ostashkovichskoye oil field from the moment of commissioning. The main problem revealed for the field development is a high water cutting of well production that made necessary to systematically carrying out a number of geological and technical measures. The most effective measures used to stabilize and increase oil production are highlighted. In order to meet the established environmental standards during the development of the deposit, proposals for the application of the specific environmental protection measures have been introduced.
Editorial
Authors: Agudelo Sepúlveda Natalia
Published: November 2024

- -
Necesito un cambio de aires: impacto social e indagación en el aula a partir de un estudio de calidad del aire
Authors: Pey Jorge , Bandrés García Javier , Casarosa Salillas Esther , Pozuelo Muñoz Jorge
Published: November 2024

Este proyecto recoge una experiencia en la que se valora la calidad del aire durante un curso educativo, a través del desarrollo de un proyecto FECYT en el que colaboraron investigadores del CSIC, de la Universidad de Zaragoza y estudiantes y profesores de Secundaria y FP, de seis centros educativos de la Comunidad de Aragón. En este artículo se plantea un doble objetivo: en primer lugar, valorar la difusión del proyecto en diferentes medios de comunicación y redes sociales para valorar el alcance del mismo en la sociedad, y paralelamente, como segundo objetivo, se analiza la secuencia de trabajo planteada a través de la indagación. Los resultados muestran que la difusión de los resultados en diferentes medios ha sido satisfactoria, alcanzando a un gran número de personas a través de programas de TV, periódicos locales, redes sociales, como Twitter, o la creación de una página web que da visibilidad a todas las actividades realizadas. Asimismo, se considera que se han trabajado diversas destrezas científicas asociadas a la indagación entre las que destacan: la formulación de hipótesis, el diseño de experimentos, la recogida de datos y la comunicación de los resultados, con base en preguntas que giraban en torno a la contaminación ambiental.
Las relaciones laborales y sociales en la minería tradicional: el caso de Marmato, Caldas, Colombia
Authors: Giraldo Betancur Paulo César
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo indaga acerca de las categorías laborales y sociales puestas en práctica en la minera tradicional del municipio de Marmato, en el departamento de Caldas, Colombia. Por tanto, describe y analiza, desde el enfoque cualitativo, las principales tipologías económicas del sector minero, los procesos de división del trabajo y algunas de las relaciones económicas de reproducción social en los contextos de explotación del oro. La metodología utilizada es la correspondiente con la de diseños etnográficos, con uso de técnicas como la observación directa, la participante y la inmersión en campo, desde el suministro de entrevistas estructuradas a profundidad a mineros tradicionales del territorio (trabajadores y propietarios de minas privadas, autoempleados itinerantes de minas informales). Se comprendieron y construyeron, de forma original e inédita, las principales tipologías laborales de los actores mineros y las dinámicas de reproducción material y social determinadas por el acceso al recurso oro y la posición social que propician.
Devenir cuerpo ecológico: un análisis documental y subjetivo sobre el cuerpo y su protagonismo en la ecología
Authors: Mora Yanquen Estefani
Published: November 2024

Este artículo resulta de la investigación: “Devenir cuerpo ecológico: un análisis documental y subjetivo sobre el cuerpo y su protagonismo en la ecología”, en donde se analiza la idea de hombre, individuo y persona como una de las causas de la crisis ecológica actual. Su objetivo general fue: conceptualizar la categoría de cuerpo ecológico a través del análisis de las diferentes ideas de hombre, individuo, persona y el concepto de cuerpo para establecer su relación con la crisis ecológica como una crisis civilizatoria. En cuanto a lo metodológico esta es una investigación de tipo cualitativo en donde se implementa el método documental. Los resultados se presentan en tres capítulos y se destaca como resultado más relevante la categoría: cuerpo ecológico como el reconocimiento de todos los procesos necesarios para poder hoy estar habitando la Tierra, desde los sucesos cósmicos hasta las fusiones microbianas necesarias para la formación de los cuerpos. Devenir cuerpo ecológico es la forma que nos reconoce como seres simbiontes, totalmente dependientes de la estabilidad de los ecosistemas, del ciclaje biogeoquímico y el mantenimiento de la biodiversidad. En conclusión, la forma hombre, individuo y persona tiene que ser desplazada por una nueva forma de entender el mundo y la vida; esta nueva forma es el cuerpo ecológico que nace a partir del reconocimiento de nuestra profunda dependencia con cada uno de los procesos físicos, químicos y biológicos que se han dado y se siguen dando en el mundo.
Enfermedades del plátano en pequeñas fincas del municipio de Saravena: percepción de los agricultores
Authors: González Rojas Juan Diego , Castellanos González Leónides
Published: November 2024

Por la importancia que está adquiriendo el cultivo del plátano y sus problemas fitosanitarios se desarrolló un trabajo con la colaboración de la Asociación de Productores de Plátano del Sarare (ASOPLASA), Saravena, Arauca. El objetivo fue valorar la situación de las enfermedades del plátano en fincas de pequeños agricultores. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa no experimental al 68% de las fincas para determinar los niveles de incidencia y severidad de las principales enfermedades del cultivo según la edad de las plantaciones por vereda. Se realizaron encuestas a los asociados para conocer su percepción sobre la problemática. La sigatoka negra se presentó como una enfermedad importante con valores bajos de Hoja Más Joven con Estría (HMJE) y Hoja Más Joven Manchada (HMJM) en las plantaciones de 0 a 6 meses. El número de hojas activas fue mayor para las plantaciones con edades por encima de 6 meses. El porcentaje de afectación de raíces por nemátodos fue mayor para las plantaciones mayores de 12 meses por encima de 25%. Se determinan como enfermedades primarias moko bacteriano, sigatoka negra y los nemátodos debido a su alta incidencia, aunque, según la percepción de los agricultores, los nemátodos no estaban dentro de las enfermedades más importantes. Como enfermedad secundaria se considera a la mancha por Cordana y como esporádicas la punta de cigarro y pudrición por Erwinia. El moko bacteriano y el mal de Panamá son enfermedades potenciales, consideradas como de control oficial, pero presentes en Colombia.
Impact of steel properties on the susceptibility to corrosion of weld mesh and mesh straps
Authors: Hadjigeorgiou J. , Thorpe S.J. , Storimans E. , Agrensa F.D.
Published: November 2024

Reinforcement and surface support are part of an integrated system that transfers and shares load until the excavation surface is stabilized or until the ground support system fails. Steel mesh is the most popular primary surface support element in underground hard rock mines in Canada. Mesh straps are a secondary surface support that provide additional containment as they distribute the load between and across the reinforcement elements. This investigation addresses the role of steel properties, and in particular steel chemistry, in the long-term performance of mesh and mesh straps when exposed to an aggressive corrosive environment. It reports on comparative accelerated corrosion studies to compare the resistance to corrosion of different surface support elements. This has significant implications on the choice of surface support and the anticipated rehabilitation requirements.
Flyrock in surface mining-Part 3: Shock wave, stress wave, blasthole expansion
Authors: Szendrei T. , Tose S.
Published: November 2024

The generally accepted view in rock blasting is that the sources of energy for the fracture and movement of rock reside in the shock wave and gas action resulting from the explosion, and yet the mechanisms by which these sources interact with the rock have remained unclarified. It has also been noted that up to 50% of the work capacity of an explosive released in a blast cannot be accounted for by field measurements of energy partitioning. In this study, we describe a physical model that details the response of rock to both shock wave and gas action. An analytical model based on momentum conservation is derived to describe the dynamics of shock-driven expansion of the blasthole. Radial expansion of the hole is the key parameter that permits the derivation of the following characteristics of rock response to shock loads: hole expansion time; volume of displaced rock; energy consumed per unit volume; expansion energy efficiency; stress wave pulse length; gas pressure in enlarged hole. Soon after the completion of hole expansion, the shock wave degenerates to an elastic stress wave that runs through the burden. Blasthole expansions of between 50% and 300% of diameter are completed in under 1 ms and, depending on rock properties, consume 32% to 42% of the detonation energy or about 55% of the available mechanical (Gurney) energy. Gas pressure in the enlarged holes in five rock types is between 35 MPa and 650 MPa, and drives the mass movement of burden rock.
Вebates about the impossible: Pragmatic presuppositions and aims
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Mikirtumov Ivan B. ,   St. Petersburg state university, Frolov Konstantin G. ,   Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences; St. Petersburg state university
Published: November 2024

The aim of the article is to explore a class of debates where subject is an impossible state of affairs or an impossible action. We argue that the choice of position in such a debate is based on agent’s pragmatic presupposition, which is a set of assumed causal relations within the fragment of the world accompanied by the idea of agency. The content of pragmatic presupposition and its relations with known pragmatic presuppositions of other parties determines for each participant a set of her indirect aims of the dispute. In the model we use, there are three stages of debates: a dispute about agenda, a discussion of the merits of the case, and a deliberation about the action. Within each of these stages, the parties may have a separate set of indirect aims. For the first stage of the debate, the most typical indirect aim of each of the parties is to declare themselves. For the second stage of the debate, the dominant indirect aim is to influence the audience and maintain one’s own authority in its eyes. Finally, for the third stage of the debate, the most typical indirect aim is to achieve any positive consequences even if there is obviously no possibility of realizing what is being discussed.