bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mispersepsi Dalam Sengketa Laut Tiongkok Selatan dan Peluang Diplomasi Pertahanan Indonesia
Authors: Swastanto Yoedhi , Pedrason Rodon , Kurniawan Yandry , Arif Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Abstrak--Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami persepsi dan mispersepsi antarnegara pengaku kedaulatan di Laut Tiongkok Selatan, serta melihat peluang diplomasi pertahanan Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini memiliki dua bagian analisis utama. Bagian pertama berisikan analisis mengenai persepsi dan mispersepsi negara-negara yang memiliki klaim kedaulatan di wilayah maritime yang berpotensi bereskalasi menjadi konflik kekerasan. Untuk bagian pertama ini peneliti akan menggunakan pendekatan persepsi dan mispersepsi dalam politik internasional. Bagian kedua berisikan analisis mengenai peluang diplomasi pertahanan Indonesia untuk meredam mispersepsi antarnegara dan meningkatkan sikap saling percaya untuk mencegah eskalasi konflik di wilayah maritim ini. Untuk bagian kedua ini peneliti akan menggunakan pendekatan diplomasi pertahanan. Secara akademik dan empirik, Penelitian            ini akan berkontribusi  memberikan  alternative pemahaman dan masukan kebijakan terkait sengketa di Laut Tiongkok Selatan melalui analisis yang memiliki sandaran teoritik yang jelas (theory-informed analysis).Kata Kunci: Laut Tiongkok Selatan, persepsi, mispersepsi, diplomasi pertahanan Abstract--This study aims to understand the perception and misperception of the claimant states in the South China Sea disputes and examine the opportunities for Indonesia's defense diplomacy. Using qualitative method, this study proceeds with two main parts. The first part analyzes the prospect of conflict escalation caused by the perception and misperception among the claimant states in the South China Sea disputes. The authors employ perception and misperception approach in International Relations in the analysis. The second part of the study examines the opportunities for Indonesia's defense diplomacy in reducing the misperception, mitigating the confict escalation as well as increasing mutual trust and confidence among the conflicting parties. In this second part, the authors make use of "defense diplomacy" as the conceptual tool. This study is academically and empirically significant as it contributes by giving alternative understanding on the South China Sea disputes as well as research-based and theory-informed policy recommendation.Keywords: South China Sea, perception and misperception, defense diplomacy
Diplomasi Pertahanan Indonesia Dalam Menyikapi Kompetisi India dan China di Samudera Hindia
Authors: Firmansyah Abdul Rizki , Gunawan Dadang , Pedrason Rodon
Published: August 2022

Abstrak – Jurnal ini mengkaji kawasan Samudera Hindia yang menjadi arena kompetisi India dan China. Kompetisi berawal dari tiga kebijakan China yaitu, Counter Piracy Operation, string of pearls  dan projeksi politik luar negeri belt and road inisiative China yang menjadi faktor penyebab India bereaksi. Reaksi India (act east policy) menciptakan situasi dilema keamanan, salah satu contoh kompetisinya adalah memperkuat pertahanan di pangkalan militer Andaman dan Nicobar yang berbatasan langsung dengan teritori Indonesia (Aceh) untuk memantau intensitas mobilitas PLA Navy China di Selat Malaka. Letak geografis yang strategis (sebagai choke point), membuat Indonesia memiliki peran natural dalam kompetisi India dan China. Sehingga Indonesia perlu menyikapi kompetisi dengan cara meningkatkan hubungan yang kooperatif antara India–Indonesia–China. Untuk mendukung penelitian ini penggunaan teori neo realis, dilema keamanan, dan geopolitik berfungsi menganalisis dinamika kompetisi. Kemudian teori politik luar negeri bebas aktif dalam kerangka Poros Maritim Dunia dan diplomasi pertahanan berfungsi sebagai landasan Indonesia bersikap. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang mengandalkan data tinjauan pustaka dan wawancara. Hasil analisis bertujuan sebagai rekomendasi kebijakan pemerintah Indonesia yang selaras dengan kepentingan nasional Indonesia dalam menyikapi kompetisi India dan China di masa depan.Kata Kunci : Dilema Keamanan, Kompetisi India China, Samudera Hindia, Diplomasi Pertahanan Indonesia Abstract – This journal is about competition of India and China in Indian Ocean Rim. Causes of the competition are from three policies of China, first Counter Piracy Operation, second string of pearls  and third belt and road inisiative China. Reaction of India (act east policy) automaticaly make a security dilema situastions, e.g of the competition is strengthening India far base military in Andaman and Nicobar island is facing to Indonesian territory (Aceh) to monitoring PLA Navy intensity through Mallaca Strait. Indonesia with choke point, make Indonesia have a natural role in the competition of India and China. Then Indonesia have a right to respond the competition with increasing cooperative relations between India – Indonesia – China. Journal analisys are using neorilsm, security dilema, and gheopilitic. Then free active foreign policy in maritime exis framwork and defence diplomacy are base of Indonesia responds. Qualitatif will bring this reasearch and use data base from any litteratures and interviews. The purpose of analisys results are for policy recomendation that relevan with Indonesia national Interest to respond India and China competition in the future.Keywords : security dillema, india China Competition,  Indian Ocean, Defence Diplomacy of Indonesia.
PENGARUH INTERAKSI ANTAR NEGARA ASEAN DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEBIJAKAN DI ERA TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
Authors: Astika I Putu
Published: August 2022

Current global and regional conditions have an influence on policies so that in conducting interactions between countries, they will relate to the surrounding countries. Countries in the Southeast Asian region as in ASEAN have the same foundation in achieving their national interests so that it will affect the interactions that occur in this era of information technology. This aim is not solely done to create mutual trust, but to prevent conflicts and disputes. The development of information technology will certainly affect state interactions so that the state in achieving its interests must be based on existing interactions. Countries in ASEAN have relationships and interactions that exist within them, be it in the economic, social, cultural, educational and even political fields. The purpose of this research is to study, know and analyze the influence of interaction between ASEAN countries in the Information Technology Age. This research method uses qualitative research methods with descriptive analytical research type so that the authors participate in analyzing the problems that occur. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence of interaction that exists between ASEAN countries in the Information Technology Age so that in achieving their interests, ASEAN countries interact in these various fields.
Keamanan dan Ancaman Cyber Bagi Sektor Privat dan Industry Militer Di Era 4.0
Authors: Narindra Krisna Surya
Published: August 2022

The development of the internet and digital technology is a representation of the 4.0revolution. The industrial revolution 4.0 shifts the role of humans and industrialmachines which characterized the Industrial Revolution that occurred before. Theeconomic policies of these countries to colonialization by Western European countries such as Britain, France and Germany and the United States were also the effects of the industrial revolution. Oil, metals, textiles supporting factories in the industrial revolution 1.0 to 3.0 the entry of these countries to invade, exploring countries that are rich in natural resource potential.Keyword: Keamanan siber, revolusi industry, ancaman dan keamanan siber,Artificial Inteligent
Diplomasi Pertahanan Malaysia di Laut China Selatan: Isu dan Tantangan (Malaysia's Defense Diplomacy in the South China Sea: Issues and Challenges)
Authors: Sobarini Eryn , Amalia Suri , Nurmala Maharani , Syukur Moh Abdusy , Wisesa Raka Gusfi
Published: August 2022

The South China Sea dispute has escalated since China claimed 80% of the South China Sea area. This is in conflict with the interests of many countries, one of which is Malaysia. China's claims regarding Malaysia's EEZ area that can endanger Malaysia's national interests. In addition, the United States is also involved in this region and threats to Malaysia come from all sides. This can be a threat to Malaysia's national interest Malaysia is a small country that is building its military strength and relies heavily on trade. In overcoming this threat in the South China Sea, Malaysia seeks to increase mutual trust with related countries, especially China and Malaysia as major countries involved in the SCS region. Malaysia is also consistent in carrying out its foreign policyand actively promotes security in the South China Sea with ASEAN through ASEAN Plus One, ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), East Asia Summit (EAS), ASEANDefense's Minister Meeting/ASEAN Defense's Minister Meeting-Plus (ADMM/ADMM-Plus) and track II workshops. ASEAN has the same view, which isnot agreeing to China's claims in the South China Sea.
Diplomasi Pertahanan Di Laut Cina Selatan: Solusi Strategis (Defense Diplomacy in the South China Sea: Strategic Solution)
Authors: Prayoga Adhit , Astika I Putu , Surya Krisna , Sani Pipit Aryati
Published: August 2022

China's reclamation and infrastructure development in the South China Sea area poses a threat to countries around the region, including Malaysia. China also carried out illegal actions that violated state borders around the South China Sea, one of which was the maneuver of the Chinese air force inside Malaysia's sovereign territory on June 1, 2021. One of Malaysia's steps in dealing with this problem is to use defense diplomacy efforts, both bilateral and multilateral. Bilaterally, Malaysia can cooperate with Vietnam to strengthen maritime security, which is expected to be potential bilateral cooperation to reduce disputed claims in the South China Sea. Meanwhile, within the framework of multilateral cooperation, Malaysia can maximize existing cooperation forums such as through the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), ASEAN Plus Three (APT), East Asia Summit (EAS), ASEAN Defense Ministers' Meeting (ADMM), and ADMM-Plus. In dealing with problems in the South China Sea region, Malaysia has the pillars of a national defense strategy, namely concentric deterrence, comprehensive defense, and credible partnerships.
Temporarily Aligned Interest: Cooperation Between Turkey and The United States in The Syrian Civil War
Authors: Arkan Muhammad
Published: August 2022

The Syrian Civil War, starting from 2011 and still ongoing, is one of the largest conflicts in the region which highly affected the overall stability of the region and has involved several parties. With multiple factions fighting each other inside the territory of Syria and sometimes clashing through the border regions of neighbouring countries, it is inevitable for Syria’s neighbours such as Turkey to react. With the decreasing regional stability of the Middle East, a region which has caught the interests of many other powers such as The United States due to its abundance of resources (primarily oil), western nations too eventually take action towards the civil war. Condenming the Syrian Government under President Bashar Al Assad for alleged human rights violations towards their own citizens, the United States along with Turkey sided with anti-government rebellions and actively supported them by supplying weapons and munitions, along with providing military training. However, despite having mutual interest on supporting anti-government rebels and later countering ISIS offensives, the Interests of Turkey and US are not always in-line with each other.
The South China Sea Dispute: Code of Conduct Implementation as the Dispute Settlement
Authors: Rossiana Yasintha Selly
Published: August 2022

After the end of World War II, China has claimed the area in South China Sea as its territory based on its historical background, or so-called the nine-dash line. This China’s unilateral accusation naturally reap many negative responses from countries in the area because it is consider as theirs. However, China who did not ratify UNCLOS 1982 as the international law stick to its own rules. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine the effectiveness of Code of Conduct offered by ASEAN as the dispute settlement of this border issue. In an attempt to present the results, author collected primary and secondary data from official document and credible literature which are accessible on the internet such as journal and article website. The results of this study found that dispute resolution through the Code of Conduct still encounters obstacles, therefore it is necessary to do alternative solutions such as bilateral negotiations between the disputing parties.
INDONESIA'S FOREIGN POLICY FOR THE PROTECTION OF SOCIETY FROM COVID 19
Authors: Haryati Haryati
Published: August 2022

This study aims to find out and look for supporting data, as material to describe, to what extent government policies help the community to protect themselves from contracting covid 19, the method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method, with data sources obtained from primary data and related secondary data. with government policies for handling covid 19, as well as what assistance the government can provide for people affected by covid 19. The results and conclusions are that government policies for people affected by covid 19 are carried out by providing various social assistance policies, in order to ease their burden. So that they can fulfill their basic needs. In addition, the government also provides assistance to the middle class, with the abolition of Article 21 Income Tax, subsidies for electricity bills, and assistance for other workers, who have not received assistance from the government.
Budaya Longko As a Character Building of Student Speech
Authors: Hakpantria  , Trivena  , Mersilina Luther Patintingan  , Nanda Saputra
Published: August 2022

In order to develop or train students' characters through introduction and character development in the fundamental education, the Longko culture must be effectively utilized. One example is the application of speaking with older people as elementary school students or as adults when speaking or interacting with seniors. Utilize standard vocabulary to make yourself understood in conversations. The deskriptiv-qualitative methodology used in this study. The methodology used to analyze the data using Miles and Huberman's model consists of data collection, data reduction, data visualization, and the identification and verification of conclusions.
Village Naming By The Mbahammatta Ethnic In Fakfak District, West Papua: Ecolinguistic Study
Authors: Nelce Yohana Weripang  , Nanda Saputra
Published: August 2022

This study aims to describe the form of local wisdom in the form of naming villages by the Mbahammatta ethnic group in Fakfak Regency, West Papua Province using ethnographic qualitative methods. The research data were obtained from four sources who are cultural owners, then the data were analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques. The results showed that the Mbahammatta ethnic community in the process of naming places was based on five forms of naming methods, namely based on the inventor, behavior, condition, number and physical form.
On-farm demonstration of improved field pea varieties in selected districts of bale highlands, Oromiya national regional state, Ethiopia
Authors: Gadissa Bayeta , Biftu Amare , Sida Ayalew
Published: August 2022

On-farm demonstration of improved field pea varieties was conducted in Goba, Sinana and Agarfa districts of Bale zone. The main objective of the study was to demonstrate and evaluate recently released Hortu variety along with standard check. The demonstration was under taken on single plot of 10m x 10m area for each variety with row planting, recommended seed rate of 75 kg ha-1 and fertilizer rate of 100 kg ha-1 NPS. Mini-field day involving different stakeholders was organized at each respective site. Yield data per plot was recorded and analysed using descriptive statistics, while farmers’ preference to the demonstrated varieties was identified using focused group discussion and summarized using pair wise ranking methods. The demonstration result revealed that Hortu variety performed better than the standard check Harena variety with an average yield of 36.30 qt ha-1 and 31.42 qt ha-1, respectively. Hortu variety had 15.53% yield advantage over the standard check. Furthermore, farmers selected this variety. Thus, Hortu variety was recommended for further scaling up.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(1): 4-7, June 2022
How do youth innovate to make agriculture gainful? Challenges and youth entrepreneurs in mid-western Uganda
Authors: Loga Dorcas Elizabeth , Kibwika Paul , Kyazze Florence Birungi
Published: August 2022

The global population is expected to increase to 9 billion by 2050, with the youth accounting for 14 per cent of this total. While the world's youth population is expected to grow, employment and entrepreneurial opportunities for youth, particularly those living in low and middle-income countries remain limited, poorly remunerated and of poor quality. The Ugandan population, in particular, is largely comprised of a high youthful population with 78 percent below the age of thirty. Evidence reveals that youth engagement in agriculture is declining, and in recognition of the agricultural sector's potential to serve as a source of livelihood opportunities, this study assesses the factors impeding youth engagement and the drivers of innovation among the youth engaged in agricultural enterprises in Mid-Western Uganda. Anchoring in the Agricultural Innovation System (AIS), cross-sectional survey and case study research designs were employed to establish the innovativeness of youth, and the factors impeding engagement in agricultural enterprises from the youth's perspective. A pairwise ranking of the factors was also independently done. The findings reveal that the significant factors restraining youth engagement in agricultural enterprises as enhancing soil productivity, access to relevant technical knowledge and information, and access to land for production. The major innovations for successful youth engagement in agriculture are irrigation to reduce risks of dependence on rain, mechanization to reduce labour struggle, and market linkages. The case studies' innovation index portrays a high potential of innovativeness of youth to revolutionize and make agriculture gainful and attractive to the youth.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(1): 39-44, June 2022
Trade-off between forest conservation and agricultural expansion in Gura-ferda district, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Tsegaye Henok , Tesfaye Yemiru , Abebaw Degnet , Kassa Habtemariam , Abdelkadir Abdu , Gizachew Kebede
Published: August 2022

Agricultural expansion is one of the main drivers of deforestation in Ethiopia. This study was therefore carried out to examine the trade-off between forest and agricultural land uses in Guraferda district, southwest Ethiopia. Data to estimate economic values of land use were derived from the household surveys, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. The household surveys were carried out in four purposively selected kebeles. Within the selected Kebeles, a total of 186 sample households were selected randomly. In addition, this study used Remote Sensing (RS) to detect and quantify LULC changes that occurred in the district throughout a thirty-year study period. The study employed by Excel 2013 for solving a cost –benefit analysis and ERDAS Imagine 9.1 for image processing. The finding revealed that an expansion of agriculture/settlement and shrinkage of forest and shrub land over the last thirty-year. The forest and shrub land use decreased by 0.43 and 2.42% ha year-1, respectively, whereas agriculture/settlement and grassland increased by 9.1 and 0.64% ha year-1, respectively over the same period. The deforestation rate is estimated at 425 ha year-1 in the study area. Analysis of trade-off provides estimated forgone earnings of about ETB 79,138 ETB (1665.3 USD ha-1) and ETB 258,298.10 (5,435.5 USD ha-1) from forest conservation and crop production, respectively assuming a 20-year planning horizon and a 10% discount rate. The 425 ha of annual deforestation entails a loss of ETB 33,633,650 (707,779 USD year-1) from forest conservation and a gain of 109,776,692.5 ETB (2,310,115.5 USD) agricultural activity.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(1): 45-55, June 2022
Performance evaluation of Mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] varieties in pastoral areas of South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Yoseph Tekle
Published: August 2022

Field experiments were conducted on pastoral and agro-pastoral areas of South Omo Zone at Dasenech, Hammer and Gynagatom woredas of Southern Ethiopia on mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] varieties in 2019 under irrigated condition. The objective of the study was to select the best performing mung bean varieties in the target areas. The treatments involved in the study were three improved and one local mung bean variety (NVL-01, Shewarobit, N-26, and local). The experiment was carried out using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The combined analysis of variance result for mean squares depicted that there were significant differences observed among the varieties for all the studied parameters except the number of seeds per pod. The overall mean values for plant height ranged from 41.33 cm for Shewarobit to 62.00 cm for the local check. The mean values for the number of pods per plant ranged from 19.33 for the local check to 24.44 for NVL-01. The mean value for a thousand seeds weight was maximum 59.56 g for N-26, while it was a minimum 48.22 g for Shewarobit. The highest overall mean grain yield of 2483.8 kg ha-1 was recorded for N-26 while the minimum 1462.6 kg ha-1 was noted for the local check. The grain yield advantages of 41.11, 34.52, and 25.26% were obtained from the improved varieties N-26, NVL-01, and Shewarobit, respectively over the local check. The effect of varieties on grain yield was significant and the best performing mung bean varieties namely N-26 2483.8 kg ha-1 and NVL-01 2233.6 kg ha-1 would be recommended for the specific community and its vicinity even though further study should be carried out including some recently released varieties for improved mung bean production and also to put the recommendation on a strong basis.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(1): 141-144, June 2022
Teff growth and yield response to blended fertilizer type and rate in Debub Ari and Bena Tsemay Districts, Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Malla Merdikios , Tesema Genanaw , Animaw Yenesew
Published: August 2022

Depleting of soil fertility, soil organic matter, macro-and micro-nutrients and crop nutrient imbalances are among the primary biophysical limitations that reduce the production of teff. The experiment was conducted to evaluate teff response to blended fertilizer types and rates in Debub Ari and Bena Tsemay districts. Control, Recommended NP, 3 dosages of NPS and NPSB blended fertilizer rates each were used that is laid out in RCBD following three replication. The full dose of blended and P fertilizers was applied at planting and urea was applied in two splits. The result was revealed that application of 200 kg ha-1 NPSB + 127 kg ha-1 Urea resulted in the highest grain yield of 2299.5 kg ha-1 in Debub Ari and 200 kg ha-1 NPS + 117 kg ha-1 Urea gives 1809.2 kg ha-1 in Bena Tsemay, while the lowest grain yield was recorded from the nil in both districts. However, the highest economic return was obtained in response to the application of 64 kg ha-1 N + 20 kg ha-1 P in both districts. Application of 64 kg ha-1 N + 20 kg ha-1 P gives 57.24% and 14.42% yield increment in Debub Ari and Bena Tsemay, respectively; also 54.47% and 7.57% increment in economic return in Debub Ari and Bena Tsemay in the same order over the control. Application of 64 kg ha-1 N + 20 kg ha-1 P was recommended for the production of teff on the study area and similar agro-ecologies, as it was optimum for improving teff production. Further investigation should be done on plant nutrient uptake and using efficiency and grain quality.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(1): 145-154, June 2022
The determinants of smallholder coffee producers’ market outlet choice decision in Debub ari district of South Omo Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia
Authors: Alemayehu Yidnekachew , Alemu Mebratu
Published: August 2022

This study mainly aimed at analyzing coffee market chain and the determinants of coffee market outlet choice decision of smallholder coffee producers in the Debub Ari District. The descriptive statistics and econometric models were used to analyze the data. Multivariate probit model was used to identify factors affecting market outlet choices of the smallholder coffee producers. Both primary and secondary data were collected from the study area. The multi-stage sampling techniques have been employed for this study. A total of 194 coffee producer household heads have been randomly selected and interviewed with the help of pre-tested structured questionnaire. The focus group discussion and key informants interviews were conducted to supplement the formal data. The probability of choosing collector, wholesalers, retailer, processor, consumer’s outlets is 67.1%, 66.4%, 36.9%, 71.6% and 15.3%, respectively. The joint probabilities of households to jointly choose the four market outlets was 0.031% which is greater than the likely of not choosing all market outlets which is 0.003%. Access to credit negatively influenced retailer, processor and consumer market outlet choice, distance to the nearest market negatively influenced processor market outlet choices, market information, off-farm participation positively influenced retailer and consumer market outlets choices. Therefore, the intervention is needed to improve coffee marketing chain through promoting cooperatives, infrastructural development and timely market information for efficient marketing system in the study area.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(1): 166-173, June 2022
Acción de dos macrófitas para el tratamiento del agua residual de las lagunas de estabilización de Magollo, Tacna – Perú
Authors: Limache Quispe Fernando Daniel , Tirado Rebaza Leo Ulises Michaell
Published: August 2022

Las lagunas de estabilización de Magollo de la ciudad de Tacna están al borde del colapso, provocando una ineficiente remoción de contaminantes del agua residual tratada. La presente investigación buscó realizar una evaluación comparativa del jacinto de agua (Eichhornia crassipes) y lechuga de agua (Pistia stratiotes) para el tratamiento del agua residual de las lagunas de estabilización de Magollo. Para ello se emplearon seis recipientes de polipropileno (tres con E. crassipes y tres con P. stratiotes), conteniendo 20 litros de agua residual recolectada de las lagunas de Magollo. Todos los contenedores estuvieron alimentados por motores de oxigenación de 2,5 W. Los análisis se realizaron siguiendo lo estipulado en los “Métodos estándar para el examen del agua y las aguas residuales” en las instalaciones del laboratorio Analytical Laboratory E.I.R.L a los 0, 20, 40 y 60 días de retención hidráulica. Se determinó que E. crassipes es más eficiente que P. stratiotes en la remoción de coliformes fecales, coliformes totales, conductividad eléctrica y DBO; mientras que, P. stratioides fue más eficiente en estabilizar el pH, incrementar el oxígeno disuelto y reducir la DQO. Se concluyó que ambas especies son eficientes en la remoción de contaminantes de aguas residuales y se adaptan perfectamente a las condiciones climatológicas de la ciudad de Tacna.
Islas de calor urbano mediante imágenes satelitales en la ciudad de Juliaca durante el año 2019
Authors: Sucapuca Mamani Reyder Orlando , Choquehuanca Soto José Domingo , Pelinco Ruedas Edgar
Published: August 2022

Esta investigación se realizó en la ciudad de Juliaca entre abril y setiembre del 2019, con el objetivo de identificar islas de calor urbano mediante mapas de temperatura superficial basadas en imágenes satelitales del sensor térmico TIRS. Se utilizó correcciones de emisividad de superficie donde se estimó la temperatura de la superficie y se identificó islas de calor urbano en la ciudad de Juliaca. Los resultados mostraron ocho islas de calor urbano ubicados en la Sociedad de la Beneficencia Pública (24,8 °C), Cerro Huayna Roque (28,3 °C), Centro Comercial Plaza Vea (25,6 °C), Cuartel Francisco Bolognesi (26 °C), Estadio San Isidro (25,3 °C), Parque Cholo (24,4 °C), Estadio Politécnico de los Andes (26,1 °C) y el estadio Manuel A. Odría (25,9 °C). Se concluye que las islas de calor urbano se presentan en el centro de la ciudad y también en lugares con suelos desnudos.
COMPARISON OF DJIKSTRA ALGORITHM AND SPANNING CYCLE DETERMINING SHORTEST PATH
Authors: Panggabean Erwin , Vinsensia Desi , Tarigan Wanra , Logaraj Logaraj , Pratiwi Tiara W
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Problems that often occur in people with the growth and development of urban areas that change very quickly cause the movement of people or road users to become chaotic as in the Municipality of Medan. People in carrying out their daily activities are directly influenced by irregular patterns of human movement, in this case what is meant is an increase in congestion, delays, and others. Therefore we need a system that can make it easier for humans to use road facilities, namely a geographic information system to determine the shortest path using the djikstra method and spanning cycle using graphs as a branch of mathematics and computer science. This research activity plan is carried out in the Medan city area using spatial image data from the Medan city map, spatial data based on google maps, and attribute data. a branch of mathematics and computer science. This research activity plan is carried out in the Medan city area using spatial image data from the Medan city map and spatial data based on google maps. The final result of the research that is expected is that the results of the comparison of the two algorithms are obtained according to the spatial data used, and the results of the research will be published in an accredited national journal article with sinta 4 or better. Keywords: comparative of djikstra and spanning cycle method; shortest path; spatial  data  Abstrak: Permasalahan yang sering terjadi pada masyarakat dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kawasan perkotaan yang berubah sangat cepat menyebabkan pergerakan masyarakat atau pengguna jalan menjadi semrawut seperti di Kotamadya Medan. Masyarakat dalam melakukan aktivitasnya sehari-hari secara langsung dipengaruhi oleh pola pergerakan manusia yang tidak teratur, dalam hal ini yang dimaksud adalah peningkatan kemacetan, keterlambatan, dan lain-lain. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu sistem yang dapat mempermudah manusia dalam menggunakan fasilitas jalan yaitu sistem informasi geografis untuk menentukan jalur terpendek dengan menggunakan metode djikstra dan spanning cycle menggunakan graf sebagai cabang dari matematika dan ilmu komputer. Rencana kegiatan penelitian ini dilakukan di wilayah kota Medan dengan menggunakan data citra spasial dari peta kota Medan, data spasial berbasis google maps, dan data atttributnya. Hasil akhir dari penelitian yang diharapkan adalah diperoleh hasil perbandingan kedua algoritma sesuai dengan data spasial yang digunakan, dan luaran hasil penelitian akan dipublish pada artikel jurnal nasional terakreditasi sinta 4 atau yang lebih baik. Kata kunci: data spasial ; jalur terpendek;perbandingan metode djikstra dan spanning cycle
PREDICTION OF 35,000 ALL CLOTHES SALES RANGE USING WMA METHOD
Authors: Syahputri Bella , Lubis Adi Prijuna , Andriyani Suci
Published: August 2022

Abstract: The 35,000 department store is a business engaged in the sale of clothes, having its address at Jalan Sisingamangaraja. Clothing is one of the basic human needs to protect and beautify themselves. The problem that occurs in the 35,000 department store is the difficulty of predicting the number of clothing sales, resulting in an accumulation of goods. The method used in this study is the Weighted Moving Average (WMA) forecasting method. The purpose of this study is to apply the Weighted Moving Average method to the forecasting system in determining clothing sales at 35,000 convenience stores. The results of the application of the Weighted Moving Average method to predict clothing sales that have been made, then get the prediction results for June 2022 using 3 weights totaling 203 Pcs with an error accuracy of 33.40% and prediction results for June 2022 using 6 weights totaling 220 Pcs with accuracy 34.31% error. The conclusion is that the Weighted Moving Average method can accurately predict clothing sales at 35,000 department stores.            Keywords: Clothes; Prediction; Sales; WMA Method  Abstrak: Toko serba 35.000 adalah usaha yang bergerak dalam bidang penjualan baju yang beralamat di jalan Sisingamangaraja. Baju merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok manusia untuk melindungi, dan mempercantik diri. Permasalahan yang terjadi pada toko serba 35.000 adalah Sulitnya memprediksi jumlah penjualan baju, sehingga mengakibatkan terjadinya penumpukkan barang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode peramalan Weighted Moving Average (WMA). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menerapkan metode Weighted Moving Average pada sistem peramalan dalam menentukan penjualan baju  pada toko serba 35.000. Hasil penerapan metode Weighted Moving Average untuk memprediksi penjualan baju yang telah dilakukan, maka mendapatkan hasil prediksi bulan juni 2022 dengan menggunakan 3 bobot berjumlah 203 Pcs dengan akurasi kesalahan 33,40% dan hasil prediksi bulan juni 2022 dengan menggunakan 6 bobot berjumlah 220 Pcs dengan akurasi kesalahan 34,31%. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh bahwa metode Weighted Moving Average dapat  memprediksi penjualan baju pada toko serba 35.000 dengan akurat. Kata kunci: Baju; Metode WMA; Penjualan; Prediksi
PENGARUH VARIASI AGREGAT KASAR PENYUSUN BETON POROUS TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN DAN POROSITAS BETON
Authors: Simanjuntak Irene Vista , Tampubolon Sudarno  P
Published: August 2022

Penggunaan beton tradisional yang berkelanjutan telah menghasilkan lapisan kedap air yang lebih tebal, mencegah air hujan masuk ke tanah dan meningkatkan limpasan permukaan. Akibatnya, permukaan air turun selama musim hujan, dan banjir terjadi. Salah satu inovasi untuk mengantisipasi atau mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan material terbarukan seperti beton aerasi. Perkerasan beton permeabel dimaksudkan untuk mengurangi genangan air di jalan. Dengan menghilangkan agregat halus, beton berpori menjadi sederhana, beton ringan. Rongga yang saling berhubungan menghasilkan tingkat porositas yang tinggi. Beton berpori biasanya memiliki sedikit atau tidak ada agregat halus dan pasta semen yang cukup untuk melapisi permukaan agregat kasar. Karena porositas yang meningkat, kuat tekan beton yang tidak diampelas lebih rendah daripada beton normal konvensional. Beton bebas pasir memiliki kekuatan tarik dan lentur yang jauh lebih rendah daripada beton konvensional. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan dua agregat kasar dengan ukuran nominal maksimum 12,5 mm dan 6,7 mm sebagai batuan split dengan bobot masing-masing 1,123 kg/m3 dan 2,63 kg/m3. Faktor air semen (FAS) 0,35 dan volume air 0,35 kg menggunakan semen Portland tipe 1 dengan kuantitas 389,6 kg/m3. Benda uji berupa silinder beton dengan diameter 80 mm dan tinggi 16 mm. Setelah mencelupkan benda uji ke dalam bak berisi air, masing-masing campuran memiliki tiga benda uji.
The Accumulation Effect in Opaque W Under Repeated Exposure to Grazing Laser Radiation
Authors: Matnazarov A. , Satimova Z.
Published: August 2022

The laser strength of many materials under multipulse irradiation is usually significantly lower than their laser strength under single-pulse irradiation. The ‘accumulation’ effect reduces the impurity composition and mass of the evaporated substance from the surface of the solid and increases the laser resistance of the solid, the maximum ion charge ratio W in the subthreshold and above the threshold region of the laser power density, without requiring additional laser radiation energy.
Growth and Development of Perrine in the Old Oil Production Zones of the Apsheron Peninsula
Authors: Zamanova A.
Published: August 2022

Lateral shoots of the Agave plant ( Agave sisalana Perrine) were planted in the experimental site selected at the old oil fields in the village of Kala. Control shoots for comparative analysis were simultaneously planted in the ecologically clean territory of the Institute of Dendrology of Azerbaijan NAS. The choice of the Agave plant in the old oil fields of the Apsheron Peninsula is due to the following considerations: the plant feels comfortable in desert, arid areas; agaves as a plant can differ significantly from each other, but almost all species have a powerful root system and the ability to get moisture from almost any source (rain, dew, condensate); agave is a very tenacious plant and, unlike most ornamental species, is well adapted to stress; Agave does not require special care, it develops well without constant monitoring; -good lighting is one of the most important factors for growth. Agave grows best under bright direct rays; agave does not need abundant watering; the plant does not really need to be fed; it develops perfectly on its own; agave is considered a resistant plant to diseases and pests. Of the diseases, the most terrible is the fungus, which occurs when improper watering; 5 months after planting, a comparative analysis was carried out for growth and development between the shoots of the Agave plant in the control and experimental variant. The results of the comparative analysis showed that the average maximum growth of planted shoots on the experimental site was 72% of the average maximum growth in the control variant. And the green mass in the experimental variant (the mass gained in the process of vegetative development) was 64% of the green mass in the control variant. Noticeable inhibition in the growth and development of shoots of the Agave plant ( Agave sisalana ) planted in old oil fields.
Growth and Development Parameters Comparison of Different Breeds Calves
Authors: Sadigova G.
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the conducted research is to analyze the methods, regimen and diet of feeding calves of three breeds. The main factor of growth and development is the mode of feeding. Feeding calves for three months requires 180-200 kg of fodder, 200-250 kg of dry grass and 600 kg of silage or other loose feed. The work was carried out over 18 months. Studied: Caucasian brown breed of cows, Simmental breed and their hybrid. It was found that regardless of the same level of feeding, all breeds differed from each other in terms of live weight gain per 1 kg. The Caucasian brown spent 9.4 feed units per 1 kg of weight gain for 18 months, the Simmental breed spent 8.58 feed units, and the hybrid Cuban zebu x Simmental - 7.4 feed units. Thus, the Cuban zebu is the most promising.
Agrobiological Properties of Some Native Technical Grape Varieties of Samukh District
Authors: Aslanova F.
Published: August 2022

The Samukh region has favorable soil and climatic conditions for growing valuable crops and is one of the regions producing a large number of grapes. For the first time in the Samukh region, the mechanical composition of technical grape varieties was studied: Bayanshir, Gara Serme, Gezel Gara, Khemesher, Shirvanshakhi, Tavkveri, Terbash, Madrasa, Rkatsiteli, Shemakhi marandisi. Among the studied varieties, the yield index of Bayanshire and Rkatsiteli varieties, which yielded 13 kg of yield from one bush, was superior to other varieties. The highest indicator for the average weight of the bunch was in the Gezel Gara variety (483.0±9.95 g), and the lowest was in the Terbash variety (225.0±10.23 g). In one bunch, the smallest number of berries was in the Gara gezel variety (65.8 pcs), and the largest number was in the Shirvanshahi variety (125 pcs). A smaller number of berries per 100 g had the Gezel Gara variety (11.6±0.36), and the Madras variety had a greater number of berries (37.5±0.21). The varieties Tavkveri (90.5±1.17) and Madrasa (90.0±0.91) had a high percentage of pulp in berries. As a result of the work carried out, it was found that the lowest juice yield was in the Shirvanshahi variety (82.8±1.46%), and the highest was in the Gezel Gara variety (86.0±1.38%). The lowest sugar content is in the Gezel Gara variety (16.0±0.65 g/cm), and the highest in the Bayanshire variety (19.3±0.53 g/cm). The Rkatsiteli variety had a high acidity (7.5±0.34 g/dm), and the lowest acidity was found in the Bayanshire variety (5.8±0.20 g/dm).
The Role of Physiologically Active Growth Substances in Plant Life and Application of the Nano-Gro Preparation for Fodder Beet
Authors: Zamanova R.
Published: August 2022

The article examines the importance of growth substances, which are important in the life of agricultural crops, and the effect of Nano-Gro preparation, which we used for the first time in our country, on fodder beet. It is noted that the study was conducted on the background of two fertilizers NPK + 20 t and NPK + 20 t manure. During the study, the required number of seeds was soaked in an aqueous solution of 2 and 4 Nano-Gro granules before sowing and the green mass was sprayed 3 times during the growing season. As a result of the research, NPK + 20 t of manure and 4 grains of Nano-Gro were sprayed on the leaf mass, the productivity of root crop was 880,6 cwt/ha, growth was 128,4% compared to the control variant and 20,8% compared to the background variant.
Studying the Growth and Development of Hybrids Cows
Authors: Abbasov R. , Agayeva M.
Published: August 2022

The research was carried out at the training center for animal husbandry and horse breeding of the Azerbaijan State Agrarian University. Several breeds of cows have been studied. At the age of 6 months, the average weight of the representatives of the Simmental breed was 175 kg, Holstein - 163 kg, Simmental × Holstein - 171 kg, Aberdeen Angus × Holstein - 178 kg, Charolais × Holstein - 176 kg and Zebu × Simmental - 192 kg. The aim of the study was to determine the genotype with the optimal result of growth and development. As a result of feeding, the weight gain from birth to 6 months was: Simmental - 761 g, Holstein - 716 g, Simmental × Holstein - 750 g, Aberdeen-Angus × Holstein - 833 g, Charolais × Holstein - 804 g and Zebu × Simmental - 844 g. As a result, it was concluded that a balanced diet has a positive effect on the dynamics of growth and development of all the studied breeds.
Causes of Infection of Birds With Colibacillosis and Pasteurellosis in Farm Enterprises and Private Farms
Authors: Hasanov M. , Nasibov M.
Published: August 2022

The article talks about the causes of infection of birds with colibacillosis and pasteurellosis in farm enterprises and private farms, about research work carried out in recent years at poultry farms, about the influence of opportunistic microbes on the activities of farms. The difference in infection of domestic chickens with colibacillosis and pasteurellosis for each age group was identified by us during the examinations. So, in 30-day-old chickens, infection with colibacillosis 24.4%, pasteurellosis 31.1%, in 45-day-old colibacillosis 33.3%, pasteurellosis 37.7%, in 60-day-old colibacillosis 20.0%, pasteurellosis 26.6% was detected.
Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of New Anthelmintic Preparations Against Fascioliasis in Sheep
Authors: Hajiyeva A.
Published: August 2022

The effectiveness of treatment with new anthelmintic preparations against fascioliasis is considered. Helminthological examinations were carried out in individual sheep-breeding farms of the Sabirabad district. 5 experimental, 1 comparison group and 1 control group were created. As a result, it was recognized as expedient to use helmicide in sheep fascioliasis. The therapeutic effect of this preparation is 80.0%.
Concomitant Diseases in Pregnant Women Living in High Altitude Conditions on the Background of Arterial Hypotension
Authors: Subanova A.
Published: August 2022

We conducted a clinical examination of pregnant women and women in labor living in two different climatic regions of Osh city and in the highlands of the Chon-Alai district of the Osh region. The main causes of complications during pregnancy, childbirth and the early postpartum period are such extreme factors as hypoxia and bleeding, as well as concomitant diseases of pregnant women. Bleeding associated with obstetric pathology, leading to fatal pregnancy outcomes, is 26%, 30-35%. Fetal hypoxia and asphyxia of the newborn occur in 12-15% of cases, comorbidities in 7-10% of cases. In the case of pregnancy in high altitude conditions, hypoxia associated with the pathology of pregnancy may be exacerbated by external hypobaric hypoxia.

Нами проведено клиническое обследование беременных и рожениц, проживающих в двух различных климатических районах: г. Ош и в высокогорье Чон-Алайского района Ошской области. Основными причинами осложнений во время беременности, родов и раннего послеродового периода являются такие экстремальные факторы, как гипоксия и кровотечение, а также сопутствующие заболевание беременных. Кровотечения, связанные с акушерской патологией, приводящие к летальным исходам беременности составляют 26%, 30-35%. Гипоксия плода и асфиксия новорожденного встречаются в 12-15% случаев, сопутствующие заболевание в 7-10% случаев. В случае беременности в условиях высокогорья, гипоксия, связанная с патологией беременности, может усиливаться внешней - гипобарической.
Integrated Approach in Diagnostics and Rehabilitation of Athletes
Authors: Galkina Ekaterina , Suvorov S. , Khramov V. , Arkhipova L. , Tolstokorov S.
Published: August 2022

Objective: to analyze the effectiveness of rehabilitation of high-class athletes under the influence of a complex of physical factors. Material and methods: the data of the dynamic state of 75 high-class athletes who train mainly for the development of the qualities of dexterity, speed and strength during rehabilitation and rehabilitation measures were analyzed. To control the complex impact of physical factors, along with functional research methods, a digital pain rating scale (NRS) was used. Results. After the influence of physical factors, a significant improvement in the physical and psycho-emotional state of patients was noted. The athletes were able to return to full-fledged training. Conclusion. The rehabilitation effect of physical factors under the objective control of subjective assessments of individual pain sensitivity makes it possible to effectively control the functional state of athletes.

Цель: анализ эффективности реабилитационных мероприятий в спорте высших достижений при комплексном подходе в условиях специализированных физиотерапевтических воздействий. Материал и методы: анализировались данные динамического состояния 75 спортсменов высокого класса, тренирующихся преимущественно на развитие качеств ловкости, быстроты и силы, в ходе реабилитационно-восстановительных мероприятий. Для контроля комплексного воздействия физических факторов наряду с функциональными методами исследования использовалась цифровая рейтинговая шкала боли (Numeric rating scale for pain - NRS). Результаты. В результате воздействия физических факторов отмечено значительное улучшение физического и психоэмоционального состояния пациентов. Спортсмены смогли вернуться к полноценным тренировкам. Заключение. Реабилитационное воздействие физических факторов под объективным контролем субъективных оценок индивидуальной болевой чувствительности позволяет эффективно контролировать функциональное состояние спортсменов.