bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low Concentration of Sodium Nitroprusside Promotes Mesenchymal Stem Cell Viability and Proliferation Through Elevation of Metabolic Activity
Authors: Mohammadi Atefeh , Abnosi Mohammad Hussein , Pakyari Reza
Published: December 2018

Background: Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) releases nitric oxide which has signaling role. Objectives: This study was conducted to understand the role of low concentration of SNP on viability, proliferation and biochemical properties of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Materials and Methods: MSCs were used to evaluate the viability and morphology in presence of SNP (1 to 100 µM) at 12, 24 and 36 hours. Then 10, 50 and 100 µM of SNP as well as 24 hours were selected for further study. Cell proliferation was investigated by colony forming assay and population doubling number (PDN). Calcium (Ca2+) potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) level as well as activity of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured. Results: The MSCs viability increased when treatment with 1 and 10 µM at all the treatment periods while 90 and 100 µM caused significant reduction after 24 and 36 hours. Also 10 µM caused elevation whereas 50 and 100 µM showed reduction of proliferation ability. We observed morphological changes and significant reduction of all the investigated enzymes with 100 µM. Activity of ALT and AST were elevated with 10 µM after 24 hours, whereas LDH and ALP activities were not changed. Na+, K+ and Ca2+ was not changed due to 10 and 50 µM treatments, whereas 100 µM only elevated the level of calcium and sodium ions. Conclusions: Low concentration of SNP caused increase of viability and proliferation due to metabolic activity elevation. But the high concentration of SNP induced cell viability and proliferation reduction caused by metabolic and ionic imbalance as well as infrastructure alteration.
Adiponectin/TNF-α Ratio Following a Selected Aerobic Training in Sedentary Adult Obese Men
Authors: Abdolali Banaeifar , Mojtaba Eizadi , Shahram Sohaily , Heshmatollah Parsyan , Mohammadali Sayedhossainii
Published: December 2018

Background: Based on clinical studies, low adiponectin and high tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) are associated with obesity and related diseases such as type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of an aerobic training program on adiponectin, TNF-α, and adiponectin/TNF-α ratio in adult obese men. Patients and Methods: For this purpose, 24 sedentary adult obese men matched for age (38 ± 3.23 years) and body mass index (31.94 ± 3.26 kg/m2 ) were selected and divided into exercise (aerobic training) and control groups. Exercise subjects participated in an aerobic exercise training intervention for 12 weeks (3 times/week) and the control group did not participate in aerobic intervention. Anthropometric and biochemical data including fasting serum adiponectin, TNF-α, and adiponectin/TNF-α ratio were measured before and after aerobic training for each participant in each group. Data were analyzed by both independent and paired sample t test. Results: Compared to pre-training, fasting serum adiponectin decreased significantly (P = .019), but serum TNF-α was not changed by aerobic training (P = .057). A significant increase was observed in adiponectin/TNF-α ratio in exercise subjects after aerobic training (P = .008). Conclusions: Based on these data, we conclude that aerobic training intervention is associated with improved inflammatory profile in obese subjects.
Correlation of Blood and Salivary Levels of Zinc, Iron and Copper in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: An Investigational Study
Authors: George Thomas , Honnamurthy Jogappanavar Basappa , Shivashankara Arnadi Ramachandrayya , Suresh Sucharitha , Shrinath Baliga Manjeshwar
Published: December 2018

Background: Metals like copper, iron and zinc have been suggested to modulate free radical generation and carcinogenesis. In lieu of these observations, estimation of these metals is vital and most studies have been with the blood. Objectives: In the present study we estimated the levels of these metals in both serum and saliva of the head and neck (H&N) cancer patients and compared it with healthy age-matched control group. A correlation between the levels of these metals in the serum and saliva of respective H&N cancer patient was also assessed. Materials and Methods: The subjects of this study were the clinically confirmed cases of H&N cancers visiting the Oncology Department of Medical College Hospital for treatment. Age and sex-matched healthy individuals were included as control group. The levels of iron, copper and zinc were estimated in whole saliva and serum by standard spectrophotometric methods. Results: When compared to the controls, the levels of iron and copper were higher in serum and saliva was high in the H&N cancer patients and statically significant (P=.0002 to P=.0001). On the contrary, there was a decrease in the levels of zinc but was not significant. There was significant correlation between serum and saliva with respect to the levels of iron, copper and zinc in H&N cancer patients and was statically significant (P=.0001). Conclusions: The findings of this study indicated the role of metals in etiopathogenesis of H&N cancer. An assessment of the levels of metals in cancer patients might have prognostic and therapeutic implications. This study observed a significant positive correlation between serum and saliva which will go a long way in establishing saliva as a diagnostic tool complimentary to blood.
Patient Satisfaction With Hospital Food service and its Impact on Plate Waste in Public Hospitals in East Malaysia
Authors: Aminuddin Nur Farhana , Kumari Vijayakumaran Reena , Abdul Razak Shariza
Published: December 2018

Background: Foodservice is an important issue in hospital settings, and patients’ levels of satisfaction are often indicated by consumption and plate waste. Objective: The current study compared patient satisfaction in hospital areas and other factors and determined the relationship between patient satisfaction and plate waste. Methods: This quantitative research was performed in four East Malaysian public hospitals. Patients at these hospitals were asked to complete a questionnaire which had three parts: A) general information, B) patient satisfaction questionnaire (Acute Care Hospital Foodservice Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire), and C) plate waste scale (Comstock 6-point scale). Results: A total of 189 patients participated. The results indicated that overall, 53.3%, 29.3%, 14.1%, 2.7%, and 0.5% of respondents rated the hospital foodservice as okay, good, poor, very good, and very poor, respectively. Average plate waste was 35% for all hospitals, and only 11% of patients finished all the food served. Satisfaction with hospital food differed according to the catering system (in-house and outsourced). However, the results also indicated that satisfaction with hospital foodservice was not significantly related to food wastage (r=-0.018, n=189, P=0.809). Conclusion: Various factors in hospital foodservice, especially food quality, should be improved to motivate patients to consume hospital food.
Design and Evaluation of a Mobile-Based Application for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Case Study of Shariati Hospital in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Safdari Reza , Shahmoradi Leila , Garavand Ali , Aslani Nasim , Valipour Aliasghar , Bostan Hassan
Published: December 2018

Background: With regard to the particularly high prevalence, cost, and number of disabilities associated with diabetes, increasing patients’ knowledge and skills for managing the disease can help minimize the risks of complications. Objective: The present study aimed to design and evaluate a mobile-based application with which patients with type 2 diabetes can increase their knowledge of and skills for managing their disease. Methods: The current developmental-applied study was conducted in 2016 in a library and used a 2-step sectional format. The research population comprised 15 physicians and endocrinologists working in medical centers associated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences and 20 physicians and patients. Based on the library study, a checklist was designed and then distributed among participants. Their responses were analyzed using SPSS software version 20. Results: The data was divided into 4 main sections: identity information (patient demographics), clinical information, education curriculum related to diabetes management, and program requirements for diabetes management, which consisted of 52 subsets. The evaluation of the system by doctors and patients showed that the system has high capabilities. Conclusion: Mobile-based programs can help diabetics control blood glucose levels, reduce diabetes complications, and promote overall health.
Hypereosinophilic Cardiac Involvement Presenting With Left Ventricular Massive Thrombus and Cardioembolic Stroke: A Case Report
Authors: Gurdogan Muhammet , Ozkan Ugur , Altay Servet , Puyan Fulya
Published: December 2018

Introduction: It is well known that the tendency toward thrombosis is increased in cancer patients. The increase in cancer procoagulant and tissue factor levels, endothelial damage, and stasis due to compression are among the most accused causes of thrombosis in cancer patients. Hypereosinophilia is a rare condition that causes endothelial damage leading to thrombosis. Case Presentation: We present a 64-year-old male patient with cardiac involvement of hypereosinophilia which developed in the T-cell lymphoma ground resulting in a fatal cardioembolic stroke. Despite normal left ventricular (LV) contractions, almost half of the ventricular volume was full of thrombus in this case. Conclusion: Hypereosinophilia is a rare cause of thrombus formation in the left ventricle in patients with preserved ejection fraction. However, hypereosinophilic cardiac involvement can lead to rapid, progressive, life-threatening complications.
What’s Needed to Develop Strategic Purchasing in Healthcare? Policy Lessons from a Realist Review
Authors: Sanderson Joe , Lonsdale Chris , Mannion Russell
Published: December 2018

Background: In the context of serious concerns over the affordability of healthcare, various authors and international policy bodies advise that strategic purchasing is a key means of improving health system performance. Such advice is typically informed by theories from the economics of organization (EOO). This paper proposes that these theories are insufficient for a full understanding of strategic purchasing in healthcare, because they focus on safeguarding against poor performance and ignore the coordination and adaptation needed to improve performance. We suggest that insights from other, complementary theories are needed. Methods: A realist review method was adopted involving 3 steps: first, drawing upon complementary theories from the EOO and inter-organizational relationships (IOR) perspectives, a theoretical interpretation framework was developed to guide the review; second, a purposive search of scholarly databases to find relevant literature addressing healthcare purchasing; and third, qualitative analysis of the selected texts and thematic synthesis of the results focusing on lessons relevant to 3 key policy objectives taken from the international health policy literature. Texts were included if they provided relevant empirical data and met specified standards of rigour and robustness. Results: A total of 58 texts were included in the final analysis. Lessons for patient empowerment included: the need for clearly defined rights for patients and responsibilities for purchasers, and for these to be enacted through regular patientpurchaser interaction. Lessons for government stewardship included: the need for health strategy to contain specific targets to incentivise purchasers to align with national policy objectives, and for national government actors to build close, trusting relationships with purchasers to facilitate access to local knowledge about needs and priorities. Lessons for provider performance included: provider decision autonomy may drive innovation and efficient resource use, but may also create scope for opportunism, and interdependence likely to be the best power structure to incentivise collaboration needed to drive performance improvement. Conclusion: Using complementary theories suggests a range of general policy lessons for strategic purchasing in healthcare, but further empirical work is needed to explore how far these lessons are a practically useful guide to policy in a variety of healthcare systems, country settings and purchasing process phases.
Metrics of Patient, Public, Consumer, and Community Engagement in Healthcare Systems: How Should We Define Engagement, What Are We Measuring, and Does It Matter for Patient Care? Comment on "Metrics and Evaluation Tools for Patient Engagement in Healthcare Organization- and System-Level Decision-Making: A Systematic Review"
Authors: Berger Zackary
Published: December 2018

In a rigorous systematic review, Dukhanin and colleagues categorize metrics and evaluative tools of the engagement of patient, public, consumer, and community in decision-making in healthcare institutions and systems. The review itself is ably done and the categorizations lead to a useful understanding of the necessary elements of engagement, and a suite of measures relevant to implementing engagement in systems. Nevertheless, the question remains whether the engagement of patient representatives in institutional or systemic deliberations will lead to improved clinical outcomes or increased engagement of individual patients themselves in care. Attention to the conceptual foundations of patient engagement would help make this systematic review relevant to the clinical care of patients.
Leaving Light Footprints – the Importance of Promoting Responsible International Travel
Authors: Lim Bryan Chang Wei , Flaherty Gerard Thomas
Published: December 2018

Irresponsible travel has the potential to harm both the traveler and the host destination. The subject of responsible travel is a major focus of the International Society of Travel Medicine, whose Responsible Travel special interest group has been very active in providing leadership for travel medicine practitioners in relation to the protection of local travel destination communities. Healthcare professionals have a responsibility to safeguard the dual interests of travelers and their hosts. This can be achieved by drawing the traveler’s attention to examples of irresponsible tourism during the pre-travel consultation. This perspective article aims to explore various aspects of irresponsible travel, including environmental damage travelers may cause; medical tourism and its impact on both the home and destination health service; voluntourism involving poorly prepared volunteers interacting with vulnerable communities in the host country; and sex tourism, including prostitution and child trafficking. Further research is needed to better understand the attitudes of travelers, travel health professionals, and the travel industry towards responsible tourism and to overcome barriers to its implementation.
Cholera, Migration, and Global Health – A Critical Review
Authors: Awofeso Niyi , Aldabk Kefah
Published: December 2018

Cholera is an acute diarrheal infection caused by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The causative agent of this disease was originally described by Filippo Pacini in 1854, and afterwards further analyzed by Robert Koch in 1884. It is estimated that each year there are 1.3 million to 4 million cases of cholera, and 21000 to 143000 deaths worldwide from the disease. Cholera remains a global threat to public health and an indicator of inequity and lack of social development. A global strategy on cholera control with a target to reduce cholera deaths by 90% was launched in 2017. Before 1817, cholera was confined to India’s Bay of Bengal. However, primarily following trade and migration between India and Europe, by the 1830s, cholera had spread internationally. The global spread of cholera was the driving force behind the first International Sanitary Conference in Paris, in 1851. The global health significance of cholera is underscored by its inclusion as one of four priority diseases in the 1969 and 2005 International Health Regulations. This article reviews the evolution of seven cholera pandemics and their reciprocal impacts on migration and global health. Also discussed are global efforts to address cholera, particularly the International Health Regulations, the 1969 and 2005 version of which stipulated that cholera epidemics require mandatory reporting to the IHR. This article concludes with a brief case study of Yemen’s unprecedented cholera epidemic.
Effects of Different Wearable Resistance Placements on Sprint-Running Performance: A Review and Practical Applications
Authors: Macadam Paul , Cronin John B. , Uthoff Aaron M. , Feser Erin H.
Published: December 2018

WEARABLE RESISTANCE (WR) PROVIDES THE PRACTITIONER WITH THE MEANS TO OVERLOAD SPRINT RUNNING IN A SPRINT-SPECIFIC MANNER. THIS ARTICLE INVESTIGATES THE EFFECTS OF WR ON SPRINT-RUNNING PERFORMANCE BY DISCUSSING THE MECHANISMS ASSOCIATED WITH WR, AS WELL AS THOSE FACTORS THAT MUST BE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION BY THE PRACTITIONER WHEN IMPLEMENTING A PROGRAM THAT USES WR. IN PARTICULAR, THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT WR BODY PLACEMENTS (TRUNK, LEGS, AND ARMS) WILL BE DISCUSSED. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS FROM THE ANALYSIS WILL BE PROVIDED.
Birds of a Feather Want to Talk Together: The Impact of Depressive Symptoms on Initial Stages of Friendship Formation in Older Adolescence
Authors: Schwartz-Mette Rebecca A. , Lawrence Hannah R. , Shankman Jessica , Fearey Eliot , Dueweke Aubrey
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Peer relationships play a vital role in adolescents’ lives and are considered to be especially critical for youth who experience elevated depressive symptoms. Unfortunately, depressed youth tend to have difficulties with existing friendships (e.g., fewer and lower quality friendships), which may exacerbate their symptoms. Little is known, however, about how depressed youth approach the initial stages of friendship formation, which may have implications for the types of social support they can access.

Method: Using a conversation task designed to build intimacy, older adolescents (N = 228, M age = 19.54 years) with and without elevated depressive symptoms interacted with a previously unknown, same-gender partner.

Results: Results suggested that adolescents with elevated symptoms experienced interactions differently (e.g., speculated more about their conversation partner and thought their partner was speculating more about them, experienced more negative affect) than nondepressed peers. The depression status of the potential friend also mattered, as participants paired with partners of similar emotional adjustment status wanted to talk more and felt closer to one another than did mismatched partners.

Discussion: Findings underscore that depressive symptoms impact even the earliest stages of friendship formation. From the perspective of interpersonal theories of depression, implications for bolstering depressed adolescents’ relationships are discussed.
ERİK VE ELMA SUYUNUN TAVUK ETİ MARİNASYONUNDA KULLANILMASI
Authors: ERGE Aydın , CİN Kevser , ŞEKER Ezgi
Published: December 2018

Bu araştırmada kanatlı sektöründe bazı alternatif doğal
marinasyon uygulamaları ile ürün çeşitliliğini artırmak ve katma değeri yüksek
ürünlerin üretimi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla doğal marinat olarak 10°Bx ve 14°Bx
konsantrasyonlarında erik ve elma suyu konsantreleri kullanılmıştır. Diğer bir
marinat olarak ise konvansiyonel bir katkı maddesi olan %1'lik sodyum
tripolifosfat (STPP) kullanılmıştır. Marine edilen tavuk etleri duyusal,
fiziksel, teknolojik ve tekstürel kalite özellikleri bakımından
değerlendirilmiştir. En yüksek marinat absorbsiyonunun %7.52 ile STPP
uygulamasına; en düşük çözünme kaybının %2.77 ile 14°Bx elma suyu uygulamasına;
en düşük pişme kaybının %25.28 ile 10°Bx elma suyu uygulamasına; en yüksek son
ürün veriminin %76.65 ile STPP uygulamasına ve en yüksek duyusal analiz genel
beğeni puanının ise 14°Bx elma suyu uygulamasına ait olduğu görülmüştür.
Sonuçta araştırma bulguları, elma suyunun piliç göğüs eti marinasyonunda ürün
çeşitliliğini artırabileceğini ve doğal bir katkı maddesi olarak  kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.
Contrasting behavior of slow and fast photoreactive gases during the August 21, 2017, solar eclipse
Authors: Helmig Detlev , Blanchard Brendan , Hueber Jacques
Published: December 2018

The total solar eclipse on August 21, 2017, provided a rare opportunity to observe and test our understanding of atmospheric dynamics and photochemical dependency on solar irradiance. Here, we utilize observations from the continuous monitoring of both slow and fast photochemically reacting trace gases near Boulder, Colorado, for evaluating the unique dynamic and photochemical forcings on the eclipse day. The monitoring station saw a 93% solar obstruction during the peak of the eclipse. Eclipse day data are contrasted with the full month’s record from this site. The loss of irradiance caused cooling of the surface air by ~3°C, and weakened convective and turbulent mixing. This resulted in a buildup of slow photoreactive gases (methane, short-chain non-methane hydrocarbons), as well as total nitrogen oxides (the sum of nitric oxide (NO) + nitrogen dioxide (NO2)) in the surface layer. In contrast, ozone (O3) declined by ~15 ppb during the first phase of the eclipse compared to median August diurnal mixing ratios. Similar O3 signatures were observed at a series of network stations along the Northern Colorado Front Range. With the loss of irradiance, the initial ratio of NO/(NO + NO2) of ~0.2 dropped steadily, bottoming out at <0.01, but rebounded to approximately two times above August median levels for this time of day towards the end of the eclipse. Above average O3 enhancements were seen in the afternoon hours following the eclipse at this and a series of other nearby surface O3 monitoring sites. The contrasting behavior of these slow and fast photoreactive gases, and comparison with other published eclipse data, allow characterizing these responses as more typical for an urban/polluted environment.
Structural Laughter and Constructed Intimacies: The Self-Reflexivity of Cheryl Dunye
Authors: Francis Terri
Published: December 2018

This interview focuses on Cheryl Dunye's views of the industry from her current position in prestige television, working as a director for Ava DuVernay and Oprah Winfrey's Queen Sugar (OWN, 2016–). The forward-looking conversation concentrates less on Dunye's past films but rather on the work she is doing today in episodic television, her creative process, and her legacy for future generations of media makers. By asking Dunye about her upbringing and early influences, I sought a renewed sense of the groundbreaking filmmaker as a person beyond the characters and constructed intimacies she presents in her films and an understanding of her aims today in episodic television.
Elsewhere
Authors: Qureshi Bilal
Published: December 2018

War films push the limits and emotions of the cinematic form, but the genre has rarely given its women characters a fraction of the depth afforded the male characters on the front-lines. Indian filmmaker Meghna Gulzar's new film “Raazi” re-orients the conventional narrative of war, suggesting new possibilities for a storied cinematic tradition.
On Platforms
Authors: Benson-Allott Caetlin
Published: December 2018

Between 2014 and 2018, a cycle of artistically-ambitious and philosophically-complex scary movies have enlivened U.S. horror filmmaking. Popular with critics if not always with genre fans, these films comprise an alternative cycle to the contemporaneous conservative horror hits that are making record profits in the U.S. and abroad. The films of the current horror renaissance borrow from international genre conventions to assemble thoughtful allegories for contemporary American anger and despair. Featuring families perverted by fear or prejudice, deeply flawed heroines, and abject heroes, Creep (Patrick Brice, 2014), The Gift (Joel Edgerton, 2015), The Witch (Robert Eggers, 2015), It Comes at Night (Trey Edward Shults, 2017), and Hereditary (Ari Aster, 2018) focus on the psychological repercussions of supernatural monsters and paranormal events rather than on the extraordinary threats themselves. In this manner, they acknowledge that America's core values are corrupt and its status quo untenable.
The Vulnerable Spectator
Authors: Hastie Amelie
Published: December 2018

The 1970s ushered in a new cinephilic culture for viewers. In reviewing the films of this era, columnist Amelie Hastie is struck by their resonance for our current political realities and concerns surrounding civil rights, governmental authority, and personal surveillance. To the author, revisiting or integrating the 1970s into contemporary film culture is a political act born out of resistance to both present-day politics and historical narratives. Through her discussion of films including Spike Lee's BlacKkKlansman, Gordon Parks's The Learning Tree, Barbara Loden's Wanda, and Diane Kurys's Peppermint Soda, Hastie finds a welcome response to the current era of grotesque political nostalgia enamored with the “greatness” of oppression, including the slavery of African Americans, the internment of immigrants, and the stripping of women's power.
Fine-Grained Analysis of Spontaneous Mutation Spectrum and Frequency in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Weng Mao-Lun , Becker Claude , Hildebrandt Julia , Neumann Manuela , Rutter Matthew T , Shaw Ruth G , Weigel Detlef , Fenster Charles B
Published: December 2018

Mutations are the ultimate source of all genetic variation. However, few direct estimates of the contribution of mutation to molecular genetic variation are available. To address this issue, we first analyzed the rate and spectrum of mutations in the Arabidopsis thaliana reference accession after 25 generations of single-seed descent. We then compared the mutation profile in these mutation accumulation (MA) lines against genetic variation observed in the 1001 Genomes Project. The estimated haploid single nucleotide mutation (SNM) rate for A. thaliana is 6.95 × 10−9 (SE ± 2.68 × 10−10) per site per generation, with SNMs having higher frequency in transposable elements (TEs) and centromeric regions. The estimated indel mutation rate is 1.30 × 10−9 (±1.07 × 10−10) per site per generation, with deletions being more frequent and larger than insertions. Among the 1694 unique SNMs identified in the MA lines, the positions of 389 SNMs (23%) coincide with biallelic SNPs from the 1001 Genomes population, and in 289 (17%) cases the changes are identical. Of the 329 unique indels identified in the MA lines, 96 (29%) overlap with indels from the 1001 Genomes dataset, and 16 indels (5% of the total) are identical. These overlap frequencies are significantly higher than expected, suggesting that de novo mutations are not uniformly distributed and arise at polymorphic sites more frequently than assumed. These results suggest that high mutation rate potentially contributes to high polymorphism and low mutation rate to reduced polymorphism in natural populations providing insights of mutational inputs in generating natural genetic diversity.
Rechtliche Nachwirkungen einer ausgelaufenen kartellrechtlichen Gruppenfreistellungsverordnung (GVO)
Authors: Dreher Meinrad , Burkhart Leon
Published: December 2018

Für Tatbestände von Gruppenfreistellungsverordnungen, die außer Kraft getreten sind, geht die Literatur verbreitet davon aus, dass sie in Form von Indizien, Vermutungen oder Leitbildern weiter rechtliche Wirkungen haben. Bis heute fehlt aber eine Untersuchung, ob überhaupt und auf welcher methodischen Grundlage Tatbestände einer ausgelaufenen GVO rechtliche Nachwirkungen haben können. Der vorliegende Beitrag will diese Lücke schließen. Außer einer methodischen und materiellen Grundlage erfolgt eine Exemplifikation der allgemeinen Ausführungen anhand der im Jahr 2017 außerkraftgetretenen GVO Versicherungswirtschaft.
Verstoßen exklusive Sportschiedsklauseln mit Schiedsort Schweiz gegen europäisches Kartellrecht?
Authors: Orth Mark-E.
Published: December 2018

Der Beitrag untersucht, ob exklusive Schiedsklauseln mit Schiedsort in der Schweiz – wie sie im Sport üblich sind – gegen europäisches Kartellrecht verstoßen. Der Rechtsprechung des Schweizer Bundesgerichts, wonach Kartellrechtsverstöße keinen ordre public-Verstoß darstellen, kommt dabei besondere Bedeutung zu. Die Praxis der europäischen Kommission wie auch die Rechtsprechung von EuGH und BGH werden berücksichtigt.
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Nanostruktur Tembaga Oksida dengan Metode Hidrotermal
Authors: Sundari Citra Deliana Dewi , Rahayu Reni Fitriani , Windayani Neneng
Published: December 2018

Karakteristik material tembaga oksida (CuO) bergantung pada struktur dan morfologinya. Prosedur sintesis tembaga oksida memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap struktur dan morfologi material yang dihasilkan. Pada penelitian ini, nanostruktur tembaga oksida disintesis melalui proses hidrotermal dengan prosedur yang relatif sederhana. Karakterisasi terhadap sampel CuO yang dihasilkan menunjukkan morfologi partikel yang tidak beraturan dan berongga dengan ukuran partikel berkisar antara 300-800 nm dan ukuran rongga berkisar antara 100-300 nm. Struktur CuO dikonfirmasi dengan adanya puncak difraksi karakteristik CuO pada sudut difraksi (2θ) 35,29o dan 38,50o. Nanostruktur CuO yang dihasilkan memperlihatkan serapan maksimum pada panjang gelombang 416-422 nm.
Camille Wingo, Pictures Making Beliefs: A Cognitive Technological Model for Ritual Efficacy
Authors: Levy Gabriel
Published: December 2018

Camille Wingo, Pictures Making Beliefs: A Cognitive Technological Model for Ritual Efficacy (Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press, 2012), 238 pp. $30.00 (pbk). ISBN: 978-1-59460-973-2.
Amar Annus, The Overturned Boat: Intertextuality of the Adapa Myth and Exorcist Literature
Authors: Westh Peter
Published: December 2018

Amar Annus, The Overturned Boat: Intertextuality of the Adapa Myth and Exorcist Literature (Helsinki: The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, 2016). XII + 148 pp. $59.95 (pbk). ISBN-13 978-952-10-9491-0.
Olympia Panagiotidou with Roger Beck, The Roman Mithras Cult: A Cognitive Approach
Authors: Bowden Hugh
Published: December 2018

Olympia Panagiotidou with Roger Beck, The Roman Mithras Cult: A Cognitive Approach (London and New York: Bloomsbury, 2017). XI + 226 pp. £85.00 (hbk). ISBN 978-1-4725-6741-3.
On Thinking and Feeling in Greek Religion
Authors: Ustinova Yulia
Published: December 2018

.
Beyond cognitive measures: Empirical evidence supporting holistic medical school admissions practices and professional identity formation
Authors: Yingling Sandra , Park Yoon Soo , Curry Raymond H. , Monson Verna , Girotti Jorge
Published: December 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Background: Medical schools seek admissions methods that identify applicants who hold promise to become physicians who will navigate and shape the future medical landscape. The focus on traditional cognitive measures for admission has prompted calls for holistic admissions review during the past five years. Yet, empirical evidence linking selection measures to holistic admissions practices has not been fully established, including their relationship with professional identity formation over time. A non-cognitive admissions situational judgment screening test (CASPer) measuring personal and professional characteristics was added to the University of Illinois College of Medicine admissions process two years ago, as we implemented a new curriculum that emphasizes professional identity development. Purpose: This study examined associations among admissions measures (Medical College Admission Test [MCAT], grade point average [GPA], interview, and CASPer), and their predictive relationships with curricular measures of professional identity formation (Professional Identity Essay [PIE]) and moral reasoning (Defining Issues Test [DIT2]).   Methods: Data were taken from two entering cohorts (n = 596; entering class of 2017 and 2018 across 3 regional sites). Correlations and regression analyses were used to examine associations between admissions and professional identity measures. Results: CASPer and in-person admissions interview ratings had significant positive correlations, suggesting that CASPer can contribute to effective screening processes. In addition, CASPer demonstrated statistically significant positive relationships with professional identity (CASPer and PIE, r=.10, p<.05) and a measure of moral reasoning (CASPer and DIT2 type indicator, r=.09, p<.05). Association between CASPer and PIE remained consistent, even after controlling for MCAT, interview, and GPA. Conclusion: Our institutional focus on professional identity formation has provided new ways to conceptualize students' readiness for medical school – demonstrated academic rigor as well as signs of professionalism, ethics, and motivation. Non-academic factors measured in situational judgment tests may promote better alignment of admissions practices and desired educational outcomes.
Treatment Outcomes and Sensitivity to Hormone Therapy of Aggressive Angiomyxoma: A Multicenter, International, Retrospective Study
Authors: Fucà Giovanni , Hindi Nadia , Ray-Coquard Isabelle , Colia Vittoria , Dei Tos Angelo Paolo , Martin-Broto Javier , Brahmi Mehdi , Collini Paola , Lorusso Domenica , Raspagliesi Francesco , Pantaleo Maria Abbondanza , Vincenzi Bruno , Fumagalli Elena , Gronchi Alessandro , Casali Paolo Giovanni , Sanfilippo Roberta
Published: December 2018

Background

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AA) is a rare, locally aggressive tumor usually arising from pelvis or perineum, with a high local-recurrence rate after complete surgery. Anecdotal responses to hormone therapy have been reported. In the present study we aimed at studying surgical treatment outcomes and sensitivity to hormone therapy of AA.

Materials and Methods

We conducted a multicenter, international retrospective effort including patients with AA treated at three European referral centers (Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy and the Italian Rare Cancer Network; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; and Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain).

Results

A total of 36 patients were included. Median follow-up was 51.3 months. Thirty-three patients (92%) underwent complete (R0 + R1) surgery, with a local relapse rate of 50% and a median relapse-free survival of 39 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 27–68.1). Thirteen patients received a first-line systemic treatment with hormone therapy for locally advanced disease, with an overall response rate of 62% and a median progression-free survival of 24.6 months (95% CI, 11.0–39.7). In two patients, adding an aromatase inhibitor (AI) on progression to first-line GnRH agonist (GnRHa) resulted in a new tumor response.

Conclusion

Our findings confirm that in AA, surgical local control may be challenging, with a significant rate of local relapse despite complete surgery. Hormone therapy is an active treatment option, with a potential of disease control and of being combined with surgery. The addition of an AI to first-line GnRHa could be an effective second-line systemic therapy in premenopausal female patients with AA.
The left atrium remodeling is associated with adverse outcomes in unoperated degenerative aortic stenosis
Authors: Safaryan V. I. , Zotova I. V. , Tipteva T. A. , Koroleva O. S. , Zateyshchikov D. A.
Published: December 2018

Degenerative aortic stenosis (DAS) may be accompanied by remodeling of the left atrium (LA). The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the morpho-functional parameters of the LA remodeling on the prognosis of patients with DAS. The prospective study included 383 patients (men – 33.9% of patients), aged 78.9 ± 0.40 years, with DAS (mild – 18.3%, moderate – 30.8%, severe – 50.9%). The patients did not undergo a surgical correction of the defect. The LA morpho-functional state was estimated by the LA size/volume and the ratio of the rate of the transmitral flow to the rate of the early diastolic movement of the fibrous mitral valve ring (E/e ratio). The average follow-up period was 603.9 ± 24.57 days. The general mortality was assessed. The information on the outcomes was collected by telephone contacts. Multivariate Сox-regression analyses showed that the LA remodeling was independently associated with the death risk: an increase in the LA size ≥45 mm (ОR 1.6, CI 1.06-2.37, р=0.026) and an increase in the Е/е ratio >15 (ОR 1.6, CI 1.08-2.39, р=0.021). Another risk factor was a decrease in the creatinine clearance <45 ml/min (ОR 1.7, CI 1.10-2.60, р=0.016), area of the aortic valve (ОR 0.4, CI 0.26-0.74, р=0.002) and a decrease in the left ventricular ejection fraction <40% (ОR 1.7, CI 1.02-2.71, р=0.042). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the E/e ratio>15 and the LА size ≥45 mm were statistically significantly associated with an increased risk of the general mortality (р<0.0001, LogRank=14.5 and р<0.0001, LogRank=18.2, respectively). The areas under the ROC curves for the increased LA size ≥45 mm and the E/e ratio>15 were 0.62 and 0.61, respectively. Thus, the indices of the LA remodeling – the LA size ≥45 mm and the E/e ratio > 15 – are associated with a poor outcome in patients with DAS.
Patterns of activation of vanilloid and purinergic receptors of the bladder urothelium in elderly with hyperfunction of urothelium, atherosclerosis and their combination
Authors: Prashchaev K. I. , Ilnitski A. N. , Pranovich A. A. , Gurko G. I. , Selivanov A. N.
Published: December 2018

This article describes the patterns of activation of vanilloid and purinergic receptors in the bladder tissue in males of different ages. Based on the obtained data, the conclusions are made about the prospects of using activation of these receptors as predictors of certain diseases of the male urinary tract, such as idiopathic increased activity of the bladder (overactive bladder) and as biological markers for evaluating the effectiveness of treatment in the combination of idiopathic overactive bladder and atherosclerotic changes of general nature.
Hybrid one-stage reconstruction of the right subclavian artery occlusion and critical stenosis of the brachiocephalic trunk
Authors: Orekhov P. Yu. , Chupin A. V. , Deryabin S. V. , Lebedev D. P. , Titovich A. S. , Maksimenko D. M.
Published: December 2018

The aim of this study was to introduce a clinical example of a one-time hybrid reconstruction of symptomatic occlusion of the right subclavian artery with subclavian steal syndrome and critical stenosis of the brachiocephalic trunk in a patient after an aorto-femoral bifurcation bypass surgery and multiple reconstructions of distal anastomoses.
Superelastic nickel-free titanium alloys as materials for dental implants (experimental study)
Authors: Olesova V. N. , Uzunyan N. A. , Khafizov R. G. , Ivanov A. S. , Olesov E. E. , Shumakov F. G.
Published: December 2018

Superelastic alloys of titanium (titanium-niobium-zirconium and titanium-niobium-tantalum) are more favorable in comparison with titanium for dental implants due to their physico-mechanical properties closer to those of bone tissue. Animal morphological studies of the biocompatibility of these alloys in comparison with titanium have been carried out. The control of the titanium alloy samples’ interaction with bone tissue was performed at the time points of 30 and 90 days; scanning electron microscopy and microprobe element analysis of tissue along the boundary with titanium alloys were used as the methods of investigation. The proximity of the morphological pattern and elemental composition of bone tissue along the border with titanium and superelastic alloys of titanium is shown, both at the control period of 30 days (in contact with alloys, a poorly mineralized connective tissue is found) and at 90 days (the border with titanium alloys is covered with mineralized bone tissue, similar in its composition to the surrounding bone tissue).
La escuela normal y la voluntad científica de los nuevos educadores (Argentina, 1880-1900)
Authors: Herrero Alejandro
Published: December 2018

ResumenLos estudios de Juan Carlos Tedesco, Andrea Alliaud, Inés Dussel y Lucía Lionetti, para citar trabajos clásicos y más recientes, sobre la historia del normalismo en el siglo XIX, enfocan su mirada en las Memorias de Instrucción Pública, en publicaciones oficiales, y en publicaciones periódicas masivas. Ha escapado en la mayoría de los estudiosos el examen de las voces de los nuevos educadores y sus discusiones en las múltiples asociaciones creadas en las dos últimas décadas del siglo XIX. Uno de los aportes de mi investigación consiste en indagar las publicaciones de estas asociaciones. Analizo de qué manera estos nuevos educadores usan la ciencia para describir la realidad educativa y para legitimar, sobre todo, sus posiciones frente a los fundadores del normalismo. Se trata de una lucha al interior del campo educacional donde la voluntad científica de los nuevos educadores es invocada para autorizar su palabra y justificar el acceso a los mejores espacios de decisión.
Tiempo, espacio y subjetividad 2.0 Fetichismo de la imagen, miseria del yo
Authors: Pomatti Patricia
Published: December 2018

El presente trabajo abordará la temporalidad, espacialidad y subjetividad contemporáneas en el marco de la relación del hombre con las tecnologías de información y multimedia. Afín a las conceptualizaciones de Deleuze, el especialista en teoría mediática, Scott Lash, describe la sociedad informacional como una arquitectura de flujos en tiempo real por encima de las distancias. Se habría desplazado la discursividad, causalidad y secuencialidad por la inmediatez y la imagen. Tiempos y espacios que parecieran diferenciarse de lo entendido como postmoderno. Nos interrogaremos por la posibilidad que tendría el hombre biotecnológico, cyborg, para distanciarse del objeto que se impone con exceso de visibilidad. ¿Qué papel juega en la subjetividad la imagen propia, retocada y reflejada en una pantalla? Nueva espacialidad; lugares distintos y no lugares, fugacidad. Espejos de plasma que evocan a la heterotopología propuesta por Foucault, quien falleció en 1984, año en que se vendió el primer teléfono celular.
Ingreso y egreso de alumnos de Posgrado en Universidades Estatales
Authors: Recalde Aritz
Published: December 2018

El 21 de agosto de 2014 se realizó en la Universidad Nacional de Lanús, una jornada acerca de las “Problemáticas actuales para la culminación de Tesis y de Trabajos Finales de Posgrado”. El objetivo del encuentro, fue el de analizar algunas de las causas por la cuales los alumnos no culminan las Carreras de Posgrado.La jornada contó con la participación del vicerrector de la UNLa Nerio Neirotti; de Esther Díaz, de Cristina Ambrosini y de Andrés Mombrú del Departamento de Humanidades y Artes; de Jorge Arakaki en representación del Departamento de Salud Comunitaria; del docente investigador de la  Universidade do Estado do Río de Janeiro, Kenneth Camargo y de quien escribe el presente artículo.
Clase, cultura y desigualdad en la perspectiva de los Estudios Culturales británicos y la Sociología de la Cultura de Pierre Bourdieu
Authors: Piñeiro Javier Andrés
Published: December 2018

El presente trabajo se propone problematizar la dimensión cultural en la formación de las clases sociales, la delimitación de las fronteras de clase y la legitimación de la desigualdad en la vida cotidiana a partir de una lectura metateórica de dos de las tradiciones que más han influido en los últimos cincuenta años en el análisis de la relación cultura-sociedad: los Estudios Culturales y la Sociología de la Cultura de Pierre Bourdieu. Nuestro interés por estas dos corrientes supone no solamente la voluntad de hacer explícitos los planteos fundamentales que ellas postulan en el plano de la teoría, sino también un intento de indagar aquellos supuestos más generales a partir de los cuales estas teorías se posicionan frente a lo social, y a partir de los cuales construyen una serie de aparatos conceptuales y de categorías para darle sentido a la complejidad del mundo que estudian.
Una técnica de las ciencias sociales: Escritura y auto observación en la investigación en artes
Authors: Arqueros Guadalupe
Published: December 2018

¿Cuáles son los sentidos de la investigación cuando es artística? ¿Cómo resolver la narración de la producción? ¿Es narrable el proceso creativo? ¿Qué significa textualizar? ¿Podrían las metodologías de investigación de las ciencias sociales aportar y vincularse con la textualidad del proceso? Con que técnica específica podría resolverse esta narración?En la creación artística, la función de la escritura (memoria reflexiva) es considerada un instrumento central para la toma de distancia y contemplación, a la vez que la observancia del estilo posibilita leer el resonar de la obra, como una reconstrucción desde palabras de un proceso que es el de la creación misma.La reelaboración del proceso a través de su escritura, constituye un esfuerzo consciente y guiado a la manera de una auto observación que completa el sentido de un recorrido y presenta otra especificidad en el aporte final del trabajo. La siguiente reflexión busca establecer un vínculo teórico entre las características de la técnica de la auto observación y la explicitación del proceso creativo a través de la escritura en la investigación en artes. Para ello retomamos una experiencia particular de formación en investigación de un Ciclo de Articulación en una Carrera de Artes de una facultad pública, donde el trabajo final incluye la posibilidad de una producción artística conjunta con una narración del proceso creativo. Consideramos que los matices de la auto observación como técnica, aportan a la escritura en artes (textualidad del proceso creativo) y dotan de una dimensión resonante socialmente, a las obras y al trabajo de quienes las producen.
Ciencia económica y valores. Riquezas y Fortunas
Authors: Guichòn Diego
Published: December 2018

En el campo de la economía, la teoría económica clásica y neoclásica propusieron distinguir en su interior una rama científica o positiva y otra denominada arte, práctica, o enfoque normativo, donde, sólo en este último tendrían cabida valores no epistémicos. Este trabajo investiga dos mecanismos por los cuales, valores no epistémicos influyen sobre el contenido de la disciplina considerada como ciencia o economía positiva. El primero es que cambio en estos valores modifica el contenido de la ciencia positiva, haciendo que determinadas prácticas o medios sean estudiados o no, o bien que se estudien determinados aspectos de los mismos y otros no se estudien.El método científico, aun cuando pudiera consensuarse cual es específicamente para la ciencia económica, no podría influir sobre este tipo de cambio científico. En segundo lugar, se encuentra la introducción de juicios de valor en la parcialidad de las teorías o de la evidencia empírica considerada.Para ilustrar ambos mecanismos se estudia un caso histórico, sobre cómo ha sido tratado un objetivo, el hacerse rico, y los medios para lograrlo.
Responsabilidad social en la gestión de la energía: el papel del Estado y de los funcionarios públicos involucrados. A propósito del aumento de las tarifas de gas natural. Su repercusión
Authors: Roveda María de los Ángeles , Toso Matías
Published: December 2018

Al inicio del presente año, el Ministerio de Energía y Minería de la Nación, mediante Resoluciones N° 28/2016 y N° 31/2016, dispuso la determinación de nuevos precios en Punto de Ingreso al Sistema de Transporte (en adelante PIST), las tarifas de transporte y distribución para el gas natural, que comenzarían a regir a partir del 1° de abril del año 2016, aplicándose a las diferentes categorías de usuarios – con bonificaciones para aquellosque registraran un ahorro igual o superior al 15% con respecto al mismo período del año anterior – y los criterios de elegibilidad para ser beneficiarios de una tarifa social. En este trabajo nos ocuparemos de analizar las repercusiones de esa resolución.