bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Nature of Cooperative Learning and Differentiated Instruction Practices in English Classes
Authors: Ismail Sadiq Abdulwahed Ahmed , Al Allaq Khayal
Published: June 2019

Cooperative learning and differentiated instruction have recently attracted a lot of attention as they are considered by educators and teachers to play significant roles in motivating learners and promoting interactive learning. The present study aims to examine English teachers’ views about the effectiveness of the practice of cooperative learning and differentiated instruction in enhancing students’ learning in English language classes. A sequential mixed method was used to collect the necessary data to answer the research questions. A questionnaire was first sent to 200 English language teachers, and then the researchers conducted focus group interviews with eight teachers. The findings of the study reveal that English language teachers consider cooperative learning as a valuable instructional procedure for promoting learners’ engagement, classroom social interaction, cultural appreciation, and differentiated instruction. The present study’s findings may have implications at all levels, such as teacher training, academic administration, curriculum designing, and decision making. Applications of those findings may attract the attention of others beyond the English classes. In addition, the findings may provide valuable guidance for researchers and educators to carry out large scale studies on the practice of cooperative learning and differentiated instruction in English language classes within the present study’s context and beyond.
Challenges and Lifelines: What Was Important to Family Carers of People With Dementia Accessing the Admiral Nurse Services, a Specialist Family-Centered Dementia Support?
Authors: Maio Laura , Botsford Julia , Harrison Dening Karen , Iliffe Steve
Published: June 2019

Admiral Nurses (ANs), specialists in dementia, provide care management to families affected by dementia. A survey was designed to explore family carers’ views on the care received. A mixed-method survey questionnaire was distributed to all carers in receipt of AN services, or those recently discharged. This article presents the qualitative findings. Three overarching themes emerged from the data: “value of bio-medical, practical, psychosocial, and local expertise”; “transformative impact on carers”; and “availability/responsiveness.” Difficulties included navigating the system, unlocking resources and support, fragile service provision, understanding/coping with dementia, isolation, and guilt. Respondents highly rated the support provided by ANs, with outcomes affirmative for “positive experience of care and support” and “enhanced quality of life for carers” domains of National Health Service (NHS) Outcome Framework for England and Adult Social Care Outcomes Framework. While results suggest ANs successfully facilitated continuity of care, carers still felt exposed to potential cuts to services.
NPM1c alters FLT3-D835Y localization and signaling in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Rudorf Alina , Müller Tony Andreas , Klingeberg Cathrin , Kreutmair Stefanie , Poggio Teresa , Gorantla Sivahari Prasad , Rückert Tamina , Schmitt-Graeff Annette , Gengenbacher Anina , Paschka Peter , Baldus Claudia , Zeiser Robert , Vassiliou George S. , Bradley Allan , Duyster Justus , Illert Anna Lena
Published: June 2019

Activating mutations in FMS-like tyrosine kinase receptor-3 (FLT3) and Nucleophosmin-1 (NPM1) are most frequent alterations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and are often coincidental. The mutational status of NPM1 has strong prognostic relevance to patients with point mutations of the FLT3 tyrosine kinase domain (TKD), but the biological mechanism underlying this effect remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of the coincidence of NPM1c and FLT3-TKD. Although expression of FLT3-TKD is not sufficient to induce a disease in mice, coexpression with NPM1c rapidly leads to an aggressive myeloproliferative disease in mice with a latency of 31.5 days. Mechanistically, we could show that FLT3-TKD is able to activate the downstream effector molecule signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) exclusively in the presence of mutated NPM1c. Moreover, NPM1c alters the cellular localization of FLT3-TKD from the cell surface to the endoplasmic reticulum, which might thereby lead to the aberrant STAT5 activation. Importantly, aberrant STAT5 activation occurs not only in primary murine cells but also in patients with AML with combined FLT3-TKD and NPM1c mutations. Thus, our data indicate a new mechanism, how NPM1c mislocalizes FLT3-TKD and changes its signal transduction ability.
Brentuximab vedotin, doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine for nonbulky limited-stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Abramson Jeremy S. , Arnason Jon E. , LaCasce Ann S. , Redd Robert , Barnes Jeffrey A. , Sokol Lubomir , Joyce Robin , Avigan David , Neuberg Donna , Takvorian Ronald W. , Hochberg Ephraim P. , Bello Celeste M.
Published: June 2019

Doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) with or without radiation is standard therapy for limited-stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) but carries risks of bleomycin-induced lung injury and radiation toxicity. Brentuximab vedotin is highly active in relapsed HL and was recently approved with doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (AVD) for previously untreated stage III/IV HL. We evaluated brentuximab-AVD for nonbulky stage I/II HL in a multicenter phase 2 study. Patients received a lead-in cycle of brentuximab vedotin monotherapy on days 1 and 15, followed by an exploratory positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan. Patients then received brentuximab-AVD for 4 to 6 cycles based on interim positron emission tomography/computed tomography scanning after cycle 2. Thirty-four patients were enrolled with a median age of 36 years (range, 20-75 years). Risk was early favorable in 62% and unfavorable in 38%. The best complete response rate was 100%. At a median follow-up of 38 months, the progression-free survival and overall survival were 94% and 97%, respectively. The most common adverse events were peripheral sensory neuropathy (79%), neutropenia (76%), fatigue (74%), and nausea (71%). The most common grade 3/4 toxicities were neutropenia (62%), febrile neutropenia (35%), and peripheral sensory neuropathy (24%). One elderly patient died of neutropenic sepsis in the first brentuximab-AVD cycle. Brentuximab dose reductions were required in 38% of patients, most for peripheral neuropathy. In conclusion, brentuximab-AVD without bleomycin or radiation produced a high complete response rate, with most patients requiring only 4 total cycles of therapy. Because toxicity was higher than would be expected from AVD alone, this method may not be appropriate for early-stage patients with a highly favorable prognosis. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01534078.
The role of aurora A and polo-like kinases in high-risk lymphomas
Authors: Murga-Zamalloa Carlos , Inamdar Kedar V. , Wilcox Ryan A.
Published: June 2019

High-risk lymphomas (HRLs) are associated with dismal outcomes and remain a therapeutic challenge. Recurrent genetic and molecular alterations, including c-myc expression and aurora A kinase (AAK) and polo-like kinase-1 (PLK1) activation, promote cell proliferation and contribute to the highly aggressive natural history associated with these lymphoproliferative disorders. In addition to its canonical targets regulating mitosis, the AAK/PLK1 axis directly regulates noncanonical targets, including c-myc. Recent studies demonstrate that HRLs, including T-cell lymphomas and many highly aggressive B-cell lymphomas, are dependent upon the AAK/PLK1 axis. Therefore, the AAK/PLK1 axis has emerged as an attractive therapeutic target in these lymphomas. In addition to reviewing these recent findings, we summarize the rationale for targeting AAK/PLK1 in high-risk and c-myc–driven lymphoproliferative disorders.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Young Adults: Does Everyone Need a Transplant?
Authors: Roberts, MMSc Danielle , Langston Amelia A. , Heffner Leonard T.
Published: June 2019

With the exception of the minority of patients with acute myelocytic leukemia who are considered potentially cured by chemotherapy, hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has traditionally been the recommended approach for those patients achieving complete remission who meet the criteria for HCT and have an appropriate stem-cell donor. This decision has become more complex with the discovery of new risk factors, such as genomic abnormalities and minimal residual disease, especially in younger populations. Patients younger than age 60 years who are considered fit and who do not harbor poor prognostic features are felt still to have a high likelihood of cure without having to undergo HCT. Here, we discuss the role that these emerging risk factors play in the decision to undergo transplantation, but emphasize that this remains a decision made jointly by the patient, the treating hematologist, and the transplant physician.
Cell recovery by reversal of ferroptosis
Authors: Tang Ho Man , Tang Ho Lam
Published: June 2019

The classical view of cell death has long assumed that, once initiated, the dying process is irreversible. However, recent studies reveal that recovery of dying cells can actually occur, even after initiation of a cell suicide process called apoptosis. This discovery raised fundamental key questions about which forms of the cell death process could be reversible and how reversal is mediated. Here, we uncover an unanticipated reversibility of ferroptotic cell death process. Unlike apoptosis reversal, removal of ferroptosis inducers, such as erastin and glutamate, is insufficient to allow ferroptotic dying cells to escape the cell death process. However, by removing the cell death inducer and providing the reduced form of glutathione or the radical-trapping antioxidant ferrostatin-1, ferroptotic dying cells can be rescued and promoted to recover. Interestingly, although ferroptotic inhibitors such as aminooxyacetic acid, deferoxamine, dopamine and vitamin C can prevent initiation of ferroptosis, added alone they are unable to reverse the initiated ferroptosis, suggesting regulatory distinctions between preventing and reversing ferroptosis. Together, these results reveal the first evidence that ferroptosis is reversible and suggest strategies to enhance its reversibility, thereby providing a useful model for studying the physiological, pathological and therapeutic potentials of this cell recovery process.
Biochemical validation of a second class of tetrahydrofolate riboswitches in bacteria
Authors: Chen Xi , Mirihana Arachchilage Gayan , Breaker Ronald R.
Published: June 2019

We previously reported a large collection of structured noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that includes many riboswitch candidates identified through comparative sequence analysis of bacterial intergenic regions. One of these candidates, initially named the “folE motif,” adopts a simple architecture commonly found upstream of folE genes. FolE enzymes catalyze the first enzyme in the de novo folate biosynthesis pathway. Herein, we demonstrate that folE motif RNAs selectively bind the enzyme cofactor tetrahydrofolate (THF) and several of its close derivatives. These aptamers, commonly found in Gram-negative bacteria, are distinct from aptamers of the previous validated THF riboswitch class found in Gram-positive bacteria. Our findings indicate that folE motif RNAs are aptamer domains for a second THF riboswitch class, named THF-II. The biochemical validation of THF-II riboswitches further highlights the ability of bacteria to utilize diverse RNA structures to sense universal enzyme cofactors that are predicted to be of ancient origin.
Mass spectrometry data of diabetic rat sperm proteome treated with Gynura procumbens aqueous extract
Authors: Kamaruzaman Khaidatul Akmar , Aizat Wan Mohd , Noor Mahanem Mat
Published: June 2019

Diabetes mellitus has a deleterious effect on the male reproductive system, especially on sperm quality and spermatogenesis. Gynura procumbens (G. procumbens) is a traditional herb known for its ability to improve the fertility of diabetes-induced male rats. This study was designed to identify the differential expression of sperm proteins after treatment with G. procumbens aqueous extract on diabetes-induced male rats. The sperm proteome was profiled using label-free shotgun proteomics analysis. Sprague Dawley rats used in this study were divided randomly into four groups. One group was a normal control group (healthy rats), while the three other groups were induced with 50 mg/kg  bodyweight (BW) of streptozotocin (STZ) to emulate the diabetic condition. The diabetic rats were divided into negative control (non-treated diabetic), metformin-treated (positive control) and G. procumbens aqueous extract-treated (450 mg/kg BW) groups. Oral treatments were administered for 14 consecutive days before the rats were euthanized. Total sperm protein samples were extracted from the caudal epididymis and run through SDS-PAGE. Later, samples were digested using trypsin before liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (Thermo Orbitrap Fusion) analysis. The acquired data were processed using MaxQuant and Perseus software. The mass spectrometry proteomics data is available through ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository, with the dataset identifier PXD011373.
Age of Decision: Pension Savings Withdrawal and Consumption and Debt Response
Authors: Agarwal Sumit , Pan Jessica , Qian Wenlan
Published: June 2019

This paper exploits an administrative regulation in Singapore that allows individuals to withdraw between 10% and 30% of their pension savings at age 55. We find a large and highly significant increase in individuals’ bank account balances within the first month of turning 55, which declines by about a third by the end of 12 months. Consumers use the increase in disposable income to pay down credit card debt. Liquidity constrained individuals are significantly more likely to increase their spending upon turning 55 than unconstrained individuals—nonetheless, the spending response of constrained individuals is concentrated on nondurable and nonvisible goods rather than visible goods. We also provide evidence that withdrawal behavior is responsive to the prices of durable goods such as cars. Consumers appear willing to forego much higher interest rates in their retirement accounts by leaving a sizeable portion of their withdrawn savings in a low-interest accruing bank account for at least a year after withdrawal. We show that, for some consumers, part of this behavior may be due to the desire to invest in the property market when housing returns are high.

This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
Evaluación de una intervención educativa para la alfabetización en datos mediante el uso del método científico y el aprendizaje situado
Authors: Carbonell-Alcocer Alejandro , Gertrudix-Barrio Manuel
Published: June 2019

El proyecto evalúa los resultados de un modelo de intervención educomunicativa desarrollada en los talleres “Comciencia” dirigidos a la alfabetización en datos a través del método científico y el aprendizaje situado. Mediante un modelo de evaluación pretest-postest se miden las variables de motivación, implicación-actitud y expectativas en un entorno educativo no formal dirigido a estudiantes de 1º a 4º de la ESO. El procedimiento de trabajo utiliza metodologías activas como el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos y la Gamificación. Los resultados muestran que la aplicación del método científico y el uso de los datos abiertos de instituciones públicas, contribuyen a desarrollar una perspectiva crítica, real y válida sobre temas relacionados con la sostenibilidad y el medio ambiente.
A aquisição da escrita alfabética: um olhar mais criterioso para o processo cognitivo
Authors: Silva Michelle Dallacqua da
Published: June 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é evidenciar as nuances subjacentes ao processo de construção do sistema alfabético de escrita, e como tal conhecimento pode interferir na forma de conduzir o aprendizado didaticamente. Para fundamentar a pesquisa, esse trabalho ancora-se em Ferreiro (2007), Kaufman e Lerner (2015), Quinteros (1997), Vernon (2004) e Weisz (2016) uma vez que essa pesquisa adotou a abordagem qualitativa de análise. A natureza do trabalho é de base bibliográfica juntamente a um estudo de caso. Assim, esse trabalho selecionou também amostras de sondagens como formas de exemplificar as ideias descritas por Ferreiro (2013) e Quinteros (1997). Conclui-se que o conhecimento em relação aos materiais utilizados para observação dos saberes prévios das crianças não é discutido com profundidade na formação inicial e nem em formação continuada e que as intervenções durante o processo de aprendizagem também são regidas pelo nível de compreensão do processo que o professor tem e que são as intervenções que ele realiza que contribuem para o avanço efetivo das crianças em relação ao processo da escrita.
N’ku Ifweln’uhu: etnografía en co-labor y la producción colectiva de la educación bilingüe intercultural desde la lengua y la cultura wichi (Chaco, Argentina)
Authors: Unamuno Virginia
Published: June 2019

Enmarcado en la investigación en co-labor (Ballena & Unamuno, 2017b; Leiva, 2011; Lassiter, 2005; Rappaport, 2008), este estudio se centra en el análisis de los registros etnográficos que llevamos a cabo en el marco de la elaboración del libro escolar «N’ku Ifweln’uhu» (Mi madre me enseñó) destinado a niños wichi de nivel inicial y primario. En un inicio, me propongo problematizar la investigación en contexto indígena en Argentina, especialmente en relación con el lugar de los indígenas en los procesos de investigación, incluyendo aspectos clave como la autoría y los beneficios directos e indirectos de dichos procesos. Luego, presentaré el contexto en donde trabajamos para poder explicar el recorrido hecho en la producción del citado material, centrándome principalmente en el uso de la etnografía para recuperar los saberes tradicionales de las madres wichi con el fin de hacerlos dialogar con los saberes escolares occidentales. El resultado del análisis de estos registros me permitirá, finalmente, proponer algunas conclusiones sobre la etnografía sociolingüística como espacio y práctica de producción de conocimientos colectivos en el campo de la educación bilingüe e intercultural.
THE REPRESENTATION OF SPUNK IN THE SHORT STORY ENTITLED SPUNK BY ZORA NEALE HURSTON
Authors: Asmarani Ratna
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to analyze the representation of spunk (courage) in Zora Neale Hurston’s short story entitled Spunk. The focus is on the three protagonists, two males and one female. The concepts of courage consisting of its meaning, types, and characteristics are used to support the contextual literary analysis. The result shows that each protagonist has unique type of courage whether the courage hiding the cowardice, the courage emerging after conquering fear even though having to face deadly risk, or the courage to decide done by the female considered as the dependent second sex.Keywords: spunk, courage, contextual literary analysis  Abstrak Tujuan dari makalah ini adalah untuk menganalisis representasi keberanian dalam cerita pendek Zora Neale Hurston yang berjudul Spunk. Fokus kajian pada tiga protagonis, dua laki-laki dan satu perempuan. Konsep keberanian yang terdiri atas makna, jenis, dan karakteristiknya digunakan untuk mendukung analisis sastra kontekstual. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing protagonis memiliki jenis keberanian yang unik apakah keberanian yang menyembunyikan kepengecutan, keberanian yang muncul setelah menaklukkan ketakutan meskipun harus menghadapi risiko yang mematikan, atau keberanian untuk memutuskan yang dilakukan oleh perempuan yang dianggap sebagai jenis kelamin kedua yang bergantung pada laki-laki.Kata kunci: kejagoanan, keberanian, analisis sastra kontekstual
Discussion Theater. A Method of Democratic Education
Authors: Lind Georg
Published: June 2019

Democracy is bound to fail if its citizens lack opportunities to develop their moral-democratic competence, that is, their ability to solve conflicts through thinking and discussion, instead of through violence, deceit or bowing down to others. The concept of Discussion Theatre has been designed to provide such an learning opportunity. In contrast to traditional theatre, there is no above and below, no division between actors and listeners – all are participants. The Discussion Theatre is the “public” version of the Konstanz Method of Dilemma Discussion (KMDD), which is been successfully used in institutions of education in many countries for over two decades.
Philosophy and Mediation. A Manifesto
Authors: De Cesaris Alessandro
Published: June 2019

The current condition of philosophy as a discipline is quite problematic, in particular if we consider its relationship to other human sciences and to other disciplines in general. The philosophical debate appears fragmented, and philosophy itself has lost any specific role in the present scientific landscape. This situation determines a sort of “identity crisis”, whose main consequence is the coexistence of antinomical views about philosophy in the contemporary scientific and public discourse. Starting from this context, the paper aims at providing a description of philosophy as “theory of mediation”. This description does not want to be ‘original’, but rather tries to emphasize an element that is always been rooted in the very essence of philosophy, but that has also often been neglected. Philosophy has always pointed out the necessity to think the in-between of things, their relation and the passage from one to another, rather than just offering a taxonomy or a factual description of the world. In order to prove this point, the paper offers an analysis of some classical texts, in particular of some fragments by Heraclitus and of a passage taken from Hegel’s early writings. A view that rethinks philosophy as “mediology” allows a rehabilitation of philosophy as a specific discipline and as a systematic enterprise, at the same time providing a new framework for the understanding of the relationship between philosophy and other sciences.
Conflicts and Religions: The Case of Syria and Iraq
Authors: Luizard Pierre-Jean
Published: June 2019

Religion is at the heart of the lacerating conflicts in Iraq and Syria today. In both countries the matter at hand is the fracture between the two main branches of Islam. This fracture escalated into a religious war after the Arab Springs in 2011, even though the violent conflict between Shia and Sunni started in Iraq in 2003, after the American invasion of the ancient Mesopotamia. The reason for both the foreign occupation and the insurrection of the civil society leading to the same chaos is that, in both countries, the State does not raise enough legitimacy to open a public space able to welcome a unitary citizenship. Such a phenomenon calls back to the history of the two states and at the British (Iraq) and French (Syria) establishing mandates of the two institutions, which never succeeded in imposing their legitimacy for most people (Shia in Iraq and Sunni in Syria), left out of the ruling bodies for a long time. The Shia-Kurdish combination, which is the leading force in Iraq since 2003, conducted to the refusal of the Arab Sunni minority to live marginalized and powerless.
Gender, Utopias and the Savage Slot: The Role of Anthropology in the (De)Construction of a Concept
Authors: Peano Irene
Published: June 2019

The paper addresses some of the ways in which anthropology, as a discourse and a discipline, has contributed to the forging as much as of the problematisation of the concept of gender, not only within the feminist, queer and LGBTQI camps, but also among Catholic fundamentalists. It argues that, despite some recent genealogical critiques of the concept of gender and its origins in mid-20th century bio-medical governance, insufficient attention has been paid to the role of the so-called ‘savage slot’ - as Rolph Trouillot defined the domain of knowledge carved out for anthropology, in a wider scheme of thought that has its origins at the same time as ‘the West’ became a reality. A more thorough genealogy of the ways in which anthropological thinking and evidence contributed to the construction, and then the deconstruction, of gender, can provide fruitful tools for a deeper challenge of the apparatus of gender itself.
Słów kilka o baśni tureckiej na podstawie tekstów Ağlayan Nar ile Gülen Ayva oraz Yeşil Kuş
Authors: Florek Joanna
Published: June 2019

The article presents a state of Turkish research and the most common classification systemising tales as a literary genre in Turkish literary studies. The article discusses the most popular theories about the origin of tales. By showing two examples of tales, it provides answers to the following questions: Are Turkish tales different from the European ones? Does religion have impact on folk literature? What are the most popular types of Turkish tales? And how can we describe the main characters in Turkish tales?
RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS DECORRENTES DA INDÚSTRIA DA BELEZA
Authors: Souza Priscila De Oliveira , Dusek Patricia Maria , Avelar Kátia Eliane Santos
Published: June 2019

A indústria da beleza está entre as atividades que gera uma grande variedade de resíduos que podem ser reciclados em novos materiais. Nessa concepção, é importante criar formas de responsabilizar os indivíduos que fazem parte do ciclo que vai desde a fabricação de um produto até a sua destinação apropriada (ou de sua embalagem), como uma das saídas a serem seguidas para os danos ambientais decorrentes da destinação inadequada de resíduos sólidos. O desafio para a bem-sucedida gestão de resíduos sólidos nos centros urbanos é uma das demandas prementes da sociedade, cuja existência está comprometida pelo descarte inadequado de bens, materiais e produtos. O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir problemas decorrentes das atividades de beleza, bem como questões relativas à gestão de resíduos sólidos em estabelecimentos de beleza.

Palavras-chave: Consumo. Resíduos Sólidos. Sustentabilidade. Meio Ambiente.
A INCLUSÃO SOCIAL DAS PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA E A FALACIOSA IDEIA DA EXISTÊNCIA DE UM OPRESSOR DIRETO
Authors: De Sousa Caio Silva
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo demonstrar que a ideia de um opressor natural em relação aos direitos da pessoa com deficiência é de grande complexidade e, em alguns casos, falaciosa, uma vez que essa figura não é personificada de imediato. Para tanto, buscou-se fundamento na sociologia e na filosofia para esclarecer o tema. Trata-se de um estudo em que se busca um melhor entendimento do descumprimento dos direitos da pessoa com deficiência.

Palavras-chave: Deficiência. Inclusão. Direitos. Sociologia. Filosofia.
Locating Medieval Armenia at the Metropolitan Museum of Art
Authors: Badamo Heather
Published: June 2019

Spanning 13 centuries, the exhibition “Armenia!” brings together some 140 objects to present the medieval art and culture of the Armenian peoples in a global context. Armenia has often existed at the borders of medieval art in contemporary scholarship, due to its complex history and continuously shifting borders, which undermine basic understandings of empires and polities. This exhibition seeks to “locate” Armenia through the twin themes of religion and trade, documenting the myriad ways in which Armenians employed visual culture to construct images of the self and community. The works on display demonstrate the distinctive qualities of the Armenian artistic and religious culture, while also documenting contact with an ever-shifting and expanding group of neighbors and trading partners. At once complimenting and extending the reach of the exhibition, the catalog provides scholars with a trove of insightful essays and catalog entries that are, characteristically, deeply researched and will serve as a touchstone in the field for decades to come. Together, this exhibition and catalog calls on medievalists to rethink the way we study and teach medieval art, recognizing the inner diversities, interlocking histories, and extraordinary artistic achievements of Christian communities in the east.
Southeast Asia-China Economic Interactions in the Late First to Mid-Second Millennium C.E.
Authors: Heng Derek
Published: June 2019

This essay provides an overview of the economic interactions between China and Southeast Asia during the late first and early second millennia C.E.. It positions the development of this relationship within the context of the Old World, and looks at how the interactions manifested in the ports that grew as a result of the economic exchanges that took place, the transportation networks that were developed to facilitate the exchanges, the growth in the demand and production of products from both regions, the migration of traders, and the development of economic codependency between both economies. The essay also provided sub-topics and online sources with which this topic could be approached in a classroom, including art materials, archaeological information, and textual documentation.
Targeting PLKs as a therapeutic approach to well-differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Lin Shu-Fu , Lin Jen-Der , Yeh Chun-Nan , Huang Yu-Tung , Chou Ting-Chao , Wong Richard J
Published: June 2019

Polo-like kinases (PLKs) are pivotal regulators of cell proliferation and cell survival; therefore, PLKs may be potential targets in the treatment of malignancy. The therapeutic effects of volasertib, a PLKs inhibitor for papillary and follicular thyroid cancer (known as well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC)), were evaluated in this study. Volasertib inhibited cell proliferation in two papillary and two follicular thyroid cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Volasertib treatment reduced cells in the S phase and increased cells in the G2/M phase. Volasertib activated caspase-3 activity and induced apoptosis. Drug combinations of volasertib and sorafenib showed mostly synergism in four well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma cell lines in vitro. Volasertib treatment in vivo retarded the growth of a papillary thyroid tumor model. Furthermore, the combination of volasertib with sorafenib was more effective than a single treatment of either in a follicular thyroid cancer xenograft model. Promising safety profiles appeared in animals treated with either volasertib alone or volasertib and sorafenib combination therapy. These findings support volasertib as a potential drug for the treatment of patients with WDTC.
Molecular and clinical insights from studies of calcium-sensing receptor mutations
Authors: Gorvin Caroline M
Published: June 2019

Twenty-five years have elapsed since the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) was first identified in bovine parathyroid and the receptor is now recognized as a fundamental contributor to extracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+
e) homeostasis, regulating parathyroid hormone release and urinary calcium excretion. The CaSR is a class C G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is functionally active as a homodimer and couples to multiple G-protein subtypes to activate intracellular signalling pathways. The importance of the CaSR in the regulation of Ca2+
e has been highlighted by the identification of >400 different germline loss- and gain-of-function CaSR mutations that give rise to disorders of Ca2+
e homeostasis. CaSR-inactivating mutations cause neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism, characterised by marked hypercalcaemia, skeletal demineralisation and failure to thrive in early infancy; and familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia, an often asymptomatic disorder associated with mild-moderately elevated serum calcium concentrations. Activating mutations are associated with autosomal dominant hypocalcaemia, which is occasionally associated with a Bartter’s-like phenotype. Recent elucidation of the CaSR extracellular domain structure enabled the locations of CaSR mutations to be mapped and has revealed clustering in locations important for structural integrity, receptor dimerisation and ligand binding. Moreover, the study of disease-causing mutations has demonstrated that CaSR signals in a biased manner and have revealed specific residues important for receptor activation. This review presents the current understanding of the genetic landscape of CaSR mutations by summarising findings from clinical and functional studies of disease-associated mutations. It concludes with reflections on how recently uncovered signalling pathways may expand the understanding of calcium homeostasis disorders.
Evaluación de la micro-deformación de la zona maxilar anterior con regeneración. Análisis de elementos finitos
Authors: Aguilar Henao Johan Ivan , Villarraga Ossa Junes Abdul , Latorre Correa Federico
Published: June 2019

Objetivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer y determinar la micro-deformación y distribución de los esfuerzos en el espesor de hueso maxilar anterior regenerado y rehabilitado con un implante usando el análisis de elementos finitos (MEF). Métodos. Se modeló un espesor del hueso maxilar con regeneración ósea de 1,5 mm por vestibular con un implante dental en posición de un incisivo central superior (hueso esponjoso, cortical, hueso regenerado, implante y componentes protésicos). Las variables incluidas en el modelado fueron el módulo de elasticidad, la razón de Poisson para todos los componentes. Se aplicó una carga de 200 N en dirección oblicua en la superficie palatina de la corona para calcular la distribución de los esfuerzos y la micro-deformación sobre el componente implante-hueso. Resultados. Los valores de máximo esfuerzo equivalente von Mises se encontraron en el hueso cortical (44,89 MPa) que rodea el cuello del implante y se concentraron hasta las primeras cuatro roscas del implante adyacentes al hueso nativo en la zona palatina con hueso cortical mientras en el hueso regenerado en la zona vestibular se concentró hasta la rosca seis, disminuyendo los esfuerzos (2,5 MPa), y la microdeformación ósea fue mayor en el hueso cortical (943 με) comparado con el hueso nativo (214 με). Conclusiones. La distribución de los esfuerzos y micro-deformación generados en el modelo se comportaron de manera diferente según el tipo de hueso (cortical, esponjoso, regenerado), donde el hueso cortical resiste los mayores esfuerzos y micro-deformaciones, distribuyendo menos carga al hueso regenerado.
Asociación entre maloclusiones y trastornos del lenguaje
Authors: Bravo Rivera Lucía Lorena , Gerbert Castilo Katherine Johana , Salas Toloza Giovanna Margarita
Published: June 2019

Entre las enfermedades bucodentales de mayor prevalencia se encuentran las maloclusiones, y dentro de los trastornos más comunes del desarrollo del lenguaje está la dislalia que corresponde a problemas de articulación en los sonidos sin base neurológica. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre el tema con el objetivo de describir la asociación entre problemas de fonación y maloclusión dental, específicamente identificar las alteraciones en la fonación más comunes, en pacientes con problemas de maloclusión dental. Dentro de los artículos revisados se excluyeron aquellos que asociaban trastornos del lenguaje a algún síndrome. Se puede concluir que la mayoría de los autores muestran una relación entre maloclusiones y trastornos de la articulación del habla, siendo la mordida abierta la anomalía más prevalente.
Manejo quirúrgico de la transmigración bilateral de caninos mandibulares. Reporte de caso
Authors: Coello de la Cruz Laurent , Fernandez Cáliz Fernando , Martínez Rodríguez Natalia , Sanz Alonso Javier , Martínez-González José , Barona Dorado Cristina
Published: June 2019

La transmigración se define como el fenómeno en el cual un diente incluido no erupcionado, traspasa en más de la mitad de su longitud la línea media. Es una anomalía poco frecuente y es aún más raro que ocurra de forma bilateral. Se presenta con mayor incidencia en los caninos mandibulares, en el sexo femenino, de forma unilateral, y siendo el canino izquierdo el más comúnmente afectado. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir el manejo quirúrgico satisfactorio en un paciente varón de 16 años, asintomático, el cual presentaba a la exploración clínica intraoral ausencia de ambos caninos mandibulares permanentes y persistencia de canino temporal inferior izquierdo, acompañado de una ligera malposición dentaria. En la exploración radiográfica (panorámica), se observaron ambos caninos inferiores derecho e izquierdo, en posición horizontal, bajo los ápices de incisivos inferiores. Se procedió a la extracción quirúrgica de ambos caninos, transcurriendo el postoperatorio sin incidencias. Se realizaron controles periódicos y radiográficos satisfactorios a los seis meses.
Low Yield for Routine Laboratory Checks in Follow-up of Coeliac Disease
Authors: Burger Jordy PW , Van der Laan Jouke JH , Jansen Tom A , Drenth Joost PH , Roovers Elisabeth A , Wessels Margreet MS , Wahab Peter J
Published: June 2019

Aim: To evaluate the yield of routine laboratory tests and Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) scans in coeliac disease.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of medical files of all followed-up patients with coeliac disease attending Rijnstate Hospital in 2016 was conducted with respect to blood tests of hemoglobin, vitamin B12, folate acid, iron status, calcium, vitamin D, glucose, thyroid function, DEXA-scans and related symptoms or signs of abnormalities. All patients had positive coeliac serology and/or biopsy-proven coeliac disease and attended regular visits after diagnosis. The chi-square test for trend was used for statistical analysis: a two-tailed probability of p < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results: We analyzed 250 patients with a median follow-up of 7.8 (1-22) years. At diagnosis, we found anemia in 24.4%, iron deficiency in 38%, folic acid deficiency in 22.6% and vitamin B12 deficiency in 15.9%. All deficiencies recovered within 1-2 years with or without supplements. Deficiencies or autoimmune diseases occurred in 50 patients (37 possibly coeliac-related) during follow-up. Twelve cases of coeliac-related deficiencies or autoimmune diseases occurred in patients with normal values at diagnosis of whom 10 were asymptomatic (incidence 10/1000 patient years). Osteoporosis and osteopenia were present in 23.3% and 35% at diagnosis. In most patients bone mineral density (BMD) improved or stabilized during follow up (p < 0.05), 8% deteriorated.

Conclusions: The incidence of asymptomatic coeliac-related deficiencies or autoimmune diseases is low in patients with normal values at diagnosis. Therefore, routine laboratory screening is not necessary in this group: attending regular follow-up visits should be sufficient. DEXA scans are recommended.
Applied Participatory Learning for Teaching Professional English to Students Majoring in Nuclear Disciplines in China
Authors: Li Fei , Ge Liangquan , Wang Jing , Liu Feng
Published: June 2019

Introduction. This article deals with design and development of participatory learning. Three different perspectives: literature review, students’ feedback and teachers’ feedback were analyzed. The relevance of this study is determined by the apparent improvement of students’ proficiency of English, deeper knowledge about their profession and higher self-confidence in and after classes. The purpose of this article is to use participatory learning methods to build a new and more effective educational process for professional English teaching.
Materials and Methods. Our research implemented the principle of participatory learning to improve the students’ communicative ability of English. Visual aids were applied to enrich teaching methods and open classroom setting was adopted to upgrade the learning atmosphere. Group learning mode was to cultivate students’ ability of communication and cooperation. Theme-based teaching setting was carried out to encourage students’ self-study ability, knowledge summary ability and creativity. Questionnaires, interview and peer observation were used. The objectives of the experiment were 50 third-year students majoring in radiation protection and nuclear safety at Chengdu University o f Technology.
Results. Survey results reflect different aspects of students’ perception of the new settings, encountered difficulties in learning and new challenges for teachers. The positive feedbacks to the experiment were received from peer teachers. It is found that students of PLA group were more active, better performed in courses, and had an average increase of 8.18 points (total 100 points) in exams.
Discussion and Conclusion. Our results and discussions lie in the smart connection between nuclear studies and English learning, and are based on varied qualitative research methods to verify the effectiveness of participatory learning. Through the analysis of the results, it can be seen that participatory learning has changed the traditional teaching mode to a certain extent and the nuclear major students were more effectively engaged in the professional English classes. It is, therefore, recommended to apply the research results to engineering related ESP practices at universities and colleges in China or in other culture.
Three new species of the spiral nematode genus helicotylenchus steiner, 1945 (nematoda: hoplolaimidae) from Vietnam
Authors: Chau Nguyen Ngoc , Anh Do Tuan
Published: June 2019

Investigations on entomopathogenic and plant parasitic nematodes in some natural forests in the Ngoc Linh mountain (Quang Nam province) and the Thuong Xuan forest (Thanh Hoa province) revealed three new species of plant parasitic nematodes belonging to the genus Helicotylenchus Steiner, 1945 (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae). These new species were named Helicotylenchus castanus sp. n., Helicotylenchus madhucus sp. n. and Helicotylenchus digitus sp. n. with morphological characteristics described and illustrated. The new species Helicotylenchus castanus sp.n.  is characterized by the highly hemispherical shape of the lip region, extremely short and rounded tail without projection. The second new species Helicotylenchus madhucus sp. n. is characterized by high lip region with 4-5 annuli, hemispherical and not set off from body contour, stylet 31.3-35.9 (33.3 ± 1.3) µm long, tail with a short ventral projection and the presence of males in the population. The third new species, Helicotylenchus digitus sp.n. was recognized by broad rounded tail with strong annulated projection in the digital shape, and also the presence of males in population.
Screening genes encoding protein protease inhibitor from metagenome of sponge-associated microorganisms in Quang Tri sea, Vietnam
Authors: Hong Tran Thi , Cuong Pham Viet , Cuc Nguyen Thi Kim
Published: June 2019

Using metagenomics-based method to isolate new compounds from the marine environment are getting more and more attention in recent years. Based on metagenome library, bioinformatics methods is a powerful tool for screening genes with new biological activities from uncultured microorganisms and become a breakthrough in research and application of biotechnology. In this study we selected and used the samples DNA QT2 which had high DNA content and purity from a total of 6 DNA samples of sponge-associated microorganisms collected in Quang Tri sea (Vietnam) for metagenomic sequencing (DNA concentration is 202.5 ng, A260/ A280 value is 1.80). 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing data of QT2 produced 44,117,722 reads, which were assembled into 120,236 contigs. ORF prediction using Prodigal produced 386,416 ORFs. Functional annotation was conducted based on 7 different databases (NR, COG, CAZy, Swissprot, GO, KEGG, Pfam), and there are 266,553 genes were annotated using Swiss-Prot. In addition, based on the obtained metagenomic data, 50 complete genes encoding protease inhibitor proteins were revealed and among them, 28 genes encoding protein (> 50%) belonged to the serine protease inhibitor family, and 22 genes genes encoding belonged to the Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor group. NCBI BLAST screening results that these proteins had higher 50% identity to protease inhibitors.
Analysis of reproductive traits and laying egg rhythm of maize weevil sitophilus zeamais (motschulsky)
Authors: Duong Nguyen Van , Long Khuat Dang , Que Le Xuan
Published: June 2019

The maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky), is a serious pest affecting a wide range of cereal crops, such as maize, rice, beans and other stored dried grains. As a S. zeamais female can keep laying eggs for a long time throughout its life after chewing its way into the grains, most development stages of the maize weevil, such as eggs, larvae and pupae, can always be found in stored maize grains. Our experiment with S.  zeamais on long grain rice showed that 10 days after eclosion and mating, maize weevil females started laying eggs for a period of 145 days. On average, a S.  zeamais female laid 38.67 eggs, of which, up to 62.81% were laid in the first 7–8 weeks (with the remaining 37.19% in the latter half of the 145 day period), and 55.07%  were laid within day 55–95. The egg laying pattern of S. zeamais was modeled using cubic polynomials, which described the maximum percentages of eggs laid at day 15, 35, 75, 95 and 105.
Effects of seeds treated with cobalt nanoparticles on germination, growth, yield and quality of soybean cultivar DT12
Authors: Hien Le Thi Thu , Truong Tran Thi
Published: June 2019

Seed treatment using metallic nanoparticles to stimulate germination and improve crop yields has been published and widely applied in agriculture production. To assess the safety of such methods on plants, the effectiveness and safety of the treatment of soybean Glycine max L. DT12 seeds with cobalt nanoparticles (nCo) before sowing were investigated. Seeds of soybean cultivar DT12 were treated with nCo at two different concentrations (0.165 and 1.65 mg/kg seed) before sowing. Germination rate, growth speed, soybean yield and bean nutrient components were examined throughout a season. Results implied that at a concentration of 0.165 mg/kg, nCo significantly increased germination rates, plant heights, total pods per plant, number of pods having 3 seeds, and crop productivity compared to both the control and seeds treated with a highter concentration of 16.5 mg per kg of seed. However, no significant differences were found between treatments in terms of growth level and seed nutrient contents, including moisture, ash content, mineral (K, Mg and Fe) and crude protein components. In seeds treated with higher concentration, the Ca content was dramatically lower than that of the control and seeds treated with a low concentration, but bean quality was not affected. This study contributes to the effective and sustainable application of nanomaterials in Vietnamese agriculture.
Skolforskningsinstitutet, konfigurativa översikter och undervisningens komplexitet
Authors: Levinsson Magnus
Published: June 2019

Kraven på evidensbaserad utbildning har drivit fram en rad initiativ som avser att minska det förmodade gapet mellan forskning, politik och praktik. Bland dessa initiativ finns etableringen av särskilda organisationer—så kallade mäklarorganisationer—med uppgift att syntetisera resultaten av utbildningsvetenskaplig forskning. I Sverige har Skolforskningsinstitutet inrättats för att genomföra systematiska översikter inom skolans och förskolans område. Skolforskningsinstitutet ska ge lärare bättre förutsättningar att undervisa med stöd av vetenskapligt underbyggda metoder och arbetssätt. Kritiker hävdar dock att mäklarorganisationer överlag prioriterar aggregativa översikter för att utvärdera effekterna av interventioner och att denna inriktning är mindre passande för komplexa områden som utbildning. I ljuset av Skolforskningsinstitutets uppdrag och den kritik som riktats mot systematiska översikter argumenterar jag i denna artikel för att institutets verksamhet bör inbegripa konfigurativa översikter. Konfigurativa översikter skulle ge Skolforskningsinstitutet bättre möjligheter att genomföra sitt uppdrag, framförallt eftersom konfigurativa format kan utarbetas för att: (1) understödja omdömen om vad som är utbildningsmässigt önskvärt; (2) inkludera studier från praktikutvecklande ansatser; samt (3) förmedla kunskap med potential att spela en kritisk roll i undervisningen.