bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increased mast cell abundance in adipose tissue of metabolic syndrome: relevance to the proinflammatory state and increased adipose tissue fibrosis
Authors: Gurung Purnima , Moussa Karine , Adams-Huet Beverley , Devaraj Sridevi , Jialal Ishwarlal
Published: January 2019

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) affects 35% of American adults > 40 yr and portends an increased risk for both atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and diabetes. The role of mast cells in the proinflammatory state of MetS is not well elucidated. We propose that mast cells in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of MetS patients without diabetes or clinical ASCVD contribute to insulin resistance and inflammation. Matched controls ( n = 15) and MetS ( n = 19) subjects were recruited from Sacramento, CA, and selected based on Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. SAT biopsy was performed on all subjects and processed for immunohistochemistry. The SAT sections were stained using Astra Blue stain and tryptase stain for mast cells. Fasting blood was obtained for chemistries and biomarkers. Abundance of mast cells (Astra Blue stain) in SAT of MetS subjects compared with controls was increased 2.5-fold ( P < 0.0001). Mast cells correlated positively and significantly with waist circumference, glucose, triglycerides, homeostatic model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), AT insulin resistance, leptin, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, chemerin, p38 MAPK activity, and nuclear factor κB activity in circulating monocytes. Mast cells also correlated significantly with markers of fibrosis and angiogenesis. Tryptase staining of mast cells in AT revealed a significant increase ( P = 0.008) with similar correlations. We make the novel observation that there are increased mast cells in SAT of MetS, and these mast cells correlate with insulin resistance (hepatic and adipose tissue), inflammation, and AT fibrosis. Hence, these immune cells appear to occupy a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of MetS.
False-Negative Platelet Factor 4 Antibodies and Serotonin Release Assay and the Utility of Repeat Testing in the Diagnosis of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis
Authors: Omer Tarig , Mullaguri Naresh , George Pravin , Newey Christopher R.
Published: January 2019

Objective. To report a case of false-negative serological tests in the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) followed by a brief review of the literature on this topic. Case Presentation. A 75-year-old Caucasian female patient was admitted with a traumatic right ankle fracture that required open reduction and internal fixation. Despite postoperative subcutaneous heparin chemoprophylaxis, she developed deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) on day 4 and subsequently started on continuous heparin infusion. On day 5, she suffered a stroke from a complete occlusion of the right common carotid artery with tandem occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery. She underwent successful thrombectomy of both arteries. The proposed stroke mechanism was paradoxical embolism through a patent foramen ovale. Over the next few days, thrombocytopenia was noted, the heparin drip was stopped, and HIT antibodies (antibodies targeting the complex of platelet factor 4 and heparin; PF4-H AB) and serotonin release assay (SRA) tests were sent. Because of the suspicion for HIT, she was started on bivalirudin with subsequent improvement in platelet count. Initial PF4-H AB and SRA tests were negative, bivalirudin was stopped, and heparin was restarted. Subsequently, her platelets trended down, again raising clinical suspicion of HIT. Repeat PF4-H AB and SRA testing resulted positive. Conclusions. A positive SRA in the appropriate context is considered for the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. This case report highlights that false-negative serological evaluation is possible early in the course of the disease. Repeat testing is recommended in patients with high clinical suspicion.
FE‐Meshfree QUAD4 Element with Modified Radial Point Interpolation Function for Structural Dynamic Analysis
Authors: Zhang Hongjun , Chen Guangsong , Qian Linfang , Ma Jia
Published: January 2019

The partition‐of‐unity method based on FE‐Meshfree QUAD4 element synthesizes the respective advantages of meshfree and finite element methods by exploiting composite shape functions to obtain high‐order global approximations. This method yields high accuracy and convergence rate without necessitating extra nodes or DOFs. In this study, the FE‐Meshfree method is extended to the free and forced vibration analysis of two‐dimensional solids. A modified radial point interpolation function without any supporting tuning parameters is applied to construct the composite shape functions. The governing equations of elastodynamic problem are transformed into a standard weak formulation and then discretized into time‐dependent equations which are solved via Bathe time integration scheme to conduct the forced vibration analysis. Several numerical test problems are solved and compared against previously published numerical solutions. Results show that the proposed FE‐Meshfree QUAD4 element owns greater tolerance for mesh distortion and provides more accurate solutions.
Stem Cells and Cellular Origins of Mammary Gland: Updates in Rationale, Controversies, and Cancer Relevance
Authors: Zhou Jiaojiao , Chen Qishan , Zou Yiheng , Zheng Shu , Chen Yiding
Published: January 2019

Evidences have supported the pivotal roles of stem cells in mammary gland development. Many molecular markers have been identified to characterize mammary stem cells. Cellular fate mapping of mammary stem cells by lineage tracing has put unprecedented insights into the mammary stem cell biology, which identified two subtypes of mammary stem cells, including unipotent and multipotent, which specifically differentiate to luminal or basal cells. The emerging single-cell sequencing profiles have given a more comprehensive understanding on the cellular hierarchy and lineage signatures of mammary epithelium. Besides, the stem cell niche worked as an essential regulator in sustaining the functions of mammary stem cells. In this review, we provide an overview of the characteristics of mammary stem cells. The cellular origins of mammary gland are discussed to understand the stem cell heterogeneity and their diverse differentiations. Importantly, current studies suggested that the breast cancer stem cells may originate from the mammary stem cells after specific mutations, indicating their close relationships. Here, we also outline the recent advances and controversies in the cancer relevance of mammary stem cells.
Solution of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman Equation in Optimal Reinsurance Strategy under Dynamic VaR Constraint
Authors: Wen Yuzhen , Yin Chuancun
Published: January 2019

This paper analyzes the optimal reinsurance strategy for insurers with a generalized mean-variance premium principle. The surplus process of the insurer is described by the diffusion model which is an approximation of the classical Cramér-Lunderberg model. We assume the dynamic VaR constraints for proportional reinsurance. We obtain the closed form expression of the optimal reinsurance strategy and corresponding survival probability under proportional reinsurance.
Investigation of the Local Recurrence Rate after Colorectal Endoscopic Mucosal Resection: Is Incomplete Polyp Resection Really a Clinically Important Problem? Analysis of the Rationale for the “Resect and Discard” Strategy
Authors: Arimoto Jun , Higurashi Takuma , Chiba Hideyuki , Misawa Noboru , Yoshihara Tsutomu , Kato Takayuki , Kanoshima Kenji , Fuyuki Akiko , Ohkubo Hidenori , Nonaka Takashi , Sato Takamitsu , Sakai Eiji , Iida Hiroshi , Goto Tohru , Nakajima Atsushi
Published: January 2019

Background/Aims. The “Resect and Discard” strategy is a potentially useful strategy. At present, only the lesion size and accuracy of diagnosis are cited as considerations for clinical adoption of this strategy. On the other hand, histopathology of the resected specimens after Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (EMR) reveals often an unclear or positive-margin status, implying Incomplete Polyp Resection (IPR). If IPR indeed increased the risk of local recurrence, histopathological evaluation of the margin would be indispensable and clinical adoption of this strategy is difficult. The aim of this study is to verify the association between IPR and the risk of local recurrence. Methods. The 1872 polyps and 603 EMR cases in 597 patients who had EMR between May 2013 and May 2014 were enrolled. The local recurrence rate until 3 years after the EMR in cases with the target lesions of the “Resect and Discard” strategy was determined in the negative-margin and IPR groups. Results. The final analysis was performed using the data of 1092 polyps, and 222 were categorized into the IPR group. There were no cases of recurrence in either of the groups. Conclusion. This is the world’s first report conducted to examine the correlation of IPR and the local recurrence rate for clinical practice of “Resect and Discard” strategy. There is the possibility that pathological evaluation of the margins after EMR in patients with small polyps can be skipped.
Pilose Antler Extracts (PAEs) Protect against Neurodegeneration in 6-OHDA-Induced Parkinson’s Disease Rat Models
Authors: Li Chaohua , Sun Yanan , Yang Weifeng , Ma Shuhua , Zhang Lili , Zhao Jing , Zhao Xin , Wang Yi
Published: January 2019

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases worldwide. Although dopamine replacement therapy mitigates motor dysfunction in PD patients, there are no therapeutics that are currently available to reverse neuronal cell death in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), which is the main region for dopamine loss in PD patients. The protein concentration of the Pilose antler extracts (PAEs) was estimated using the Bradford Protein Assay Kit. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to evaluate the protective effect of PAEs on 6-OHDA induced cell death in PD model rats. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive neuronal cell in SNc. HPLC-MS was used to detect dopamine (DA), 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and glutamate (Glu) levels in the striatum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The amino acid level in the striatum and CSF was measured by HPLC-FLD. Protein expression of growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and neurofilament heavy polypeptide (NF-H) was measured using western blotting. The components of PAEs through blood vessels were detected by HPLC/MS/MS. In this study, PAEs with proteins ranging from 10 kDa to 250 kDa molecular weight was administered to 6-OHDA-induced PD rats. We found that PAEs inhibited 6-OHDA-induced neuronal cell death and TH-positive neuronal loss in SNc. PAEs administration also increased the levels of DA, DOPAC, and 5-HT, in addition to DOPAC/DA and HVA/DA indexes in the CSF and Striatum of 6-OHDA induced rats. Conversely, PAEs decreased the levels of Glu and GABA. Treatment with PAEs and Madopar increased GAP-43 and NF-H expression in the SNc and striatum. Proteomic analysis using LC/MS/MS indicated that 11 components of PAEs may have neuropharmacological effects. These results demonstrate that PAEs protects against 6-OHDA induced toxic effects in the PD rat models. Intragastric administration of PAEs may be a novel therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative disorders like PD.
Docetaxel-Induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome in a Patient with Metastatic Prostate Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Diab Osama , Mcentire Dan , Kassim Thamer , Nayfeh Ali , Dajani Abdel Rahman , Kerfeld Mitchell , Campbell Jonathon , Alsuwaidan Adbullah , Hazeem Mahmoud Abu , Gbadamosi-Akindele Maryam
Published: January 2019

Docetaxel is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent in a variety of cancer treatment regimens. We present a case of apparent docetaxel-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) in a patient recently treated for metastatic prostate cancer. This medication is not classically associated with the development of SJS but in our case, along with a number of other case reports, and a single phase II clinical trial, an association was recognized. We encourage clinicians who employ the use of this medication to be aware of this relationship.
Predictors of Diabetic Foot Reulceration beneath the Hallux
Authors: Molines-Barroso R. J. , Lázaro-Martínez J. L. , Beneit-Montesinos J. V. , Álvaro-Afonso F. J. , García-Morales E. , García-Álvarez Y.
Published: January 2019

Aims. To evaluate the factors that predict reulceration beneath the hallux in people with a history of diabetic foot ulceration. Methods. A prospective study conducted between January 2012 and December 2014 was performed in a diabetic foot unit to assess the risk factors associated with hallux reulceration. Sixty patients with diabetic neuropathy and a history of previous ulcer were consecutively included. Sociodemographic factors and comorbidities plus the biomechanical and radiographic factors were obtained. Follow-up on participants was conducted every month, and they wore offloading therapeutic footwear and custom-made insoles. Hallux reulceration during the follow-up period was assessed as the main outcome measure in the study. Results. Patients were followed up during 29 (14.2-64.4) months. Twenty-nine patients (52%) developed a new ulceration: 9 patients (31%) in the hallux and 20 (69%) in other locations. Functional hallux limitus (p=0.005, 95% CI (2.097–73.128), HR 12.384) and increased body mass index (p=0.044, 95% CI (1.003-1.272), HR 1.129) were associated with the hallux ulceration-free survival time in the multivariate Cox model. Conclusions. Obesity and the presence of functional hallux limitus increase the probability of developing hallux reulceration in patients with diabetic neuropathy and a history of ulcers.
Transcriptomic Profiling of the Tumor Microenvironment Reveals Distinct Subgroups of Clear Cell Renal Cell Cancer: Data from a Randomized Phase III Trial
Authors: Hakimi A. Ari , Voss Martin H. , Kuo Fengshen , Sanchez Alejandro , Liu Ming , Nixon Briana G. , Vuong Lynda , Ostrovnaya Irina , Chen Ying-Bei , Reuter Victor , Riaz Nadeem , Cheng Yuan , Patel Parul , Marker Mahtab , Reising Albert , Li Ming O. , Chan Timothy A. , Motzer Robert J.
Published: January 2019

Metastasis remains the main reason for renal cell carcinoma (RCC)–associated mortality. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) impart clinical benefit for most patients with RCC, but the determinants of response are poorly understood. We report an integrated genomic and transcriptomic analysis of patients with metastatic clear cell RCC (ccRCC) treated with TKI therapy and identify predictors of response. Patients in the COMPARZ phase III trial received first-line sunitinib or pazopanib with comparable efficacy. RNA-based analyses revealed four distinct molecular subgroups associated with response and survival. Characterization of these subgroups identified mutation profiles, angiogenesis, and macrophage infiltration programs to be powerful predictors of outcome with TKI therapy. Notably, predictors differed by the type of TKI received. Our study emphasizes the clinical significance of angiogenesis and immune tumor microenvironment and suggests that the critical effects its various aspects have on TKI efficacy vary by agent. This has broad implications for optimizing precision treatment of RCC.

Significance:

The determinants of response to TKI therapy in metastatic ccRCC remain unknown. Our study demonstrates that key angiogenic and immune profiles of the tumor microenvironment may affect TKI response. These findings have the potential to inform treatment personalization in patients with RCC.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 453
Ganglioglioma Arising from the Septum Pellucidum: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Chatrath Ajay , Mastorakos Panagiotis , Mehta Gautam U. , Wildeman Miriam , Moosa Shayan , Jane Jr. John A.
Published: January 2019

Background: Gangliogliomas are low-grade neoplasms that typically affect patients under the age of 30 and present with epilepsy and symptoms of mass effect. Here, we report a case of an intraventricular ganglioglioma involving the septum pellucidum in a pediatric patient with history of optic glioma. Only one other pediatric intraventricular ganglioglioma arising from the septum pellucidum has been reported previously. Case Report: The patient initially presented at 9 months of age with a pilocytic astrocytoma centered on the optic chiasm, treated with chemotherapy and radiation at 3 years of age. Routine follow-up imaging at 13 years of age revealed the development of a mass in the septum pellucidum, which was subtotally resected endoscopically because of its proximity to the fornices. Pathology confirmed a ganglioglioma positive for the BRAF V600E mutation. The tumor residual progressed and was treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. The patient was asymptomatic at her 6-month follow-up visit and the size of the nodule remained stable. Literature Review: Our review of the 25 previously reported intraventricular gangliogliomas found that their pre-surgical diagnoses were often incorrect, reflecting the difficulty of making the diagnosis with signs, symptoms, and imaging alone. Patients can be reassured that the prognosis is generally favorable following uncomplicated neurosurgical resection.
A new genus and thirteen new species of sea stars (Asteroidea: Echinasteridae) from the Aleutian Island Archipelago
Authors: CLARK ROGER N. , JEWETT STEPHEN C.
Published: January 2019

A new genus and thirteen new species of echinasterid sea stars are described from nearshore waters of the Aleutian Islands. The new genus Aleutihenricia is distinguished from Henricia by the morphology and arrangement of the skeletal ossicles. Henricia beringiana D'yakonov, 1950 is designated as the type species. The new species described include Aleutihenricia federi, Henricia lineata, H. uluudax, H. iodinea, H. rhytisma, H. gemma, H. echinata, H. vermilion, H. elachys, H. insignis, Odontohenricia aurantia, O. ahearnae, and O. violacea. In addition to the descriptions, associations between echinasterids and sponges are briefly discussed. A key to the shallow water (<20 m) Echinasteridae of the Aleutian Islands is provided.
New fossil mussels (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) from Miocene hydrocarbon seep deposits, North Island, New Zealand, with general remarks on vent and seep mussels
Authors: SAETHER KRISTIAN P. , LITTLE CRISPIN T. S. , CAMPBELL KATHLEEN A. , MARSHALL BRUCE A. , COLLINS MIKE , ALFARO ANDREA C.
Published: January 2019

Bathymodiolus (sensu lato) heretaunga sp. nov. and Gigantidas coseli sp. nov. are described from Miocene-age hydrocarbon seep carbonates of North Island, New Zealand, adding to only four described fossil hydrocarbon seep mussel species. Both new species are small compared to their modern congeners, and it is suggested that an evolutionary trend toward gigantism occurred in vent and seep mussels since the first known fossil species of the group appeared in the Middle Eocene. Bathymodiolus heretaunga is highly variable in morphology, potentially reflecting population variation over a wide geographic area. Gigantidas coseli is the first named species, fossil or modern, of its genus known from hydrocarbon seeps, although several closely related species in the same group, the Bathymodiolus childressi clade, have been reported from these environments.
A new species of Moenkhausia from the rio Amazonas and rio Orinoco basins (Characiformes: Characidae)
Authors: Marinho MANOELA M. F. , LANGEANI FRANCISCO
Published: January 2019

A new species of Moenkhausia is described from the rio Amazonas and rio Orinoco basins. The new species can be distinguished from congeners mainly by the combination of a conspicuous, relatively small and circular humeral spot, a black spot on the upper caudal-fin lobe, lower caudal-fin lobe without spot or a faint one, and middle caudal-fin rays hyaline or with dark tips. Mature males have a unique combination of two large-sized bony hooks on the anal-fin rays and tiny spines on the distal portion of all fins, which distinguishes the new species from any other species of Characidae.
New spider mite genus (Prostigmata: Tetranychidae) from Australia & New Zealand, with a discussion of Yezonychus Ehara
Authors: BEARD JENNIFER , WALTER DAVID EVANS
Published: January 2019

The concept of Yezonychus Ehara is revised. A new genus, Neonidulus, is erected to accommodate four species: N. cornus (Pritchard & Baker), N. falsicornus (Zhang & Martin) and N. brevipilus (Zhang & Martin) from New Zealand, and a new species described from the central east coast of Australia, N. tereotus.
Two new species of Cydrela (Araneae, Zodariidae) extending the distribution of the genus into Central Africa
Authors: NZIGIDAHERA B. , JOCQUÉ R.
Published: January 2019

Two new species of Cydrela Thorell (Zodariidae) are described from Burundi: C. neptuna (%&) from miombo woodland and circumguinean forest and C. kreagra (%) from a seminatural area, both at medium altitude. Both species of Cydrela mentioned from Central Africa previously belong to other genera resulting in the new combinations Systenoplacis biunguis (Strand, 1913) and Capheris brunnea (Marx, 1893). The find of Cydrela in Burundi expands the known distribution of the genus considerably.
Morphology of the Gas Bladder in Sea Catfishes (Siluriformes: Ariidae)
Authors: MARCENIUK ALEXANDRE P. , BIRINDELLI JOSÉ L. O.
Published: January 2019

The morphology of the gas bladder and associated structures in sea catfishes (Siluriformes: Ariidae) is studied. The most simple gas bladder, exclusive to Galeichthys Valenciennes, is apple-shaped with weakly developed internal trabeculae, has smooth walls externally and a short Müllerian window associated with a broad, short Müllerian ramus that is firmly attached to Baudelot’s ligament and supracleithrum. Most genera of Ariidae have a cordiform bladder with welldeveloped trabeculae, smooth walls externally, an elongate Müllerian window and an elongate Müllerian ramus with an acute tip that is free from the Baudelot’s ligament and supracleithrum. Sciades proops (Valenciennes) and S. parkeri (Traill) have a similar gas bladder but with a well-developed secondary chamber. Other genera of Ariidae also have a cordiform bladder with well-developed trabeculae and elongate Müllerian window, but with lateral diverticula present as shallow rounded bulges or blister-like swellings along the peripheral margins of the bladder. The degree of development of lateral diverticula varies among and within species, with Osteogeneiosus Bleeker having the most highly-developed diverticula. Bagre pinnimaculatus (Steindachner) and Bagre bagre (Linnaeus) have unusual depressed gas bladders with complex network of internal trabeculae. The implications of gas bladder morphology for the taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of the family are discussed.
Taxonomy and phylogeny of New World Polyplectropus Ulmer, 1905 (Trichoptera: Psychomyioidea: Polycentropodidae) with the description of 39 new species
Authors: CHAMORRO MARIA LOURDES , HOLZENTHAL RALPH W.
Published: January 2019

The taxonomy of the New World species of Polyplectropus (Ulmer, 1905a) is revised to include detailed male and female diagnoses, descriptions, illustrations, distribution records, and keys to males of all species and species groups. A phylogenetic analysis based on 59 morphological characters, 89 of 92 (97%) New World Polyplectropus species, and 2 outgroup taxa was inferred using parsimony and Bayesian methods, which resulted in minor topological differences. Conflicting estimates of relationship among and within most species groups led to a less resolved Bayesian tree (vs. parsimony tree) due to high variation in rates of change among characters and an overall low number of characters. A new classification for New World Polyplectropus is proposed with revised characterization of 10 recognized species groups, 6 newly established. Four species remain unassigned to species group. A key to genera of New World Polycentropodidae, including a redescription of Polyplectropus is provided. The homology of the male genitalia of Polyplectropus is discussed. Ninety-two species are treated. The following 39 new species are described: Polyplectropus adamsae (Peru), P. alatespinus (Brazil), P. amazonicus (Brazil), P. andinensis (Argentina, Bolivia), P. blahniki (Venezuela), P. bolivianus (Bolivia), P. brasilensis (Brazil), P. brborichorum (Ecuador), P. cressae (Venezuela), P. colombianus (Colombia), P. corniculatus (Peru), P. cuzcoensis (Peru), P. ecuadoriensis (Ecuador), P. flintorum (Venezuela), P. gaesum (Brazil), P. guyanae (Guyana, Venezuela), P. hollyae (Brazil), P. hystricosus (Brazil), P. insularis (Panama), P. juliae (Brazil), P. kanukarum (Guyana), P. maculatus (Venezuela), P. manuensis (Peru), P. matatlanticus (Brazil), P. minensium (Brazil), P. novafriburgensis (Brazil), P. peruvianus (Peru), P. petrae (Brazil), P. pratherae (Brazil), P. puyoensis (Ecuador), P. robertsonae (Bolivia), P. rodmani (Brazil), P. rondoniensis (Brazil), P. tragularius (Brazil), P. tripunctatum (Peru), P. venezolanus (Venezuela), P. woldai (Panama), P. zamoranoensis (Honduras), and P. zuliae (Venezuela). Polyplectropus buchwaldi (Ulmer, 1911) is designated as a nomen dubium.Key words: phylogeny, taxonomy, Neotropics, Nearctric, Bayesian methods, parsimony, classification, cladistics, morphology, Trichoptera, Polycentropodidae, Polyplectropus, new speciesThe polycentropodid caddisfly genus Polyplectropus Ulmer contains 219 species found primarily in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, with 125 species recorded from the Oriental biogeographic region, 53 from the Neotropical region (6 species extending their ranges into the Nearctic region), 37 from the
Revision of the Micronoctuidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea) Part 3, Taxonomy of the Tactusinae
Authors: FIBIGER MICHAEL
Published: January 2019

This is the third part of a series of papers on the recently described family Micronoctuidae Fibiger, 2005. Part 3 includes the description of one new subfamily: Tactusinae, with two new tribes: Tactusini and Obscurini; and 18 new genera: Tactusa, Conspica, Tumula, Dignus, Vas, Nigerides, Fustis, Bruma, Costasensora, Longiantrum, Abes, Asyprocessa, Tantulius, Asylemissa, Clarior, Obscura, Editum, and Asytegumen. A total of 77 species and one subspecies are described, of which 76 species are new. One new combination is given. As additions to previously published parts 1 and 2 of the revision, one new genus, Sinochrostia in the subfamily Parachrostiinae, is described. Three new species of Pollexinae Fibiger, 2007, are described; three new species of subfamily Belluliinae are described; and six new species of Parachrostiinae are described, five in the genus Duplex, and one new species and one new subspecies in teh genus Mimachrostia. All taxa inhabit eastern, southern, or south-eastern Asia, Indonesia, or Australia in tropical, subtropical, and temperate climatic zones.
Revision of the genus Exochomoscirtes Pic (Coleoptera: Scirtidae: Scirtinae)
Authors: RUTA RAFAŁ , YOSHITOMI HIROYUKI
Published: January 2019

The genus Exochomoscirtes Pic is redefined and Exochomoscirtes binotatus Pic, 1916 is designated the type species of the genus. A detailed redescription of the genus is provided. The larva of Exochomoscirtes is described for the first time. Exochomoscirtes immaculatus Pic, 1930 is transferred to Scirtes. Ora discoidalis Pic, Scirtes bipustulatus Champion, S. ephippiatus Champion, S. maculatus Waterhouse, S. retusus Champion, S. ruforotundus Watts, S. sphaericus Champion, S. tetrastigma Champion, and S. maculatus Waterhouse are transferred to Exochomoscirtes. Exochomoscirtes bimaculatus Pic, E. binotatus Pic, E. discoidalis (Pic), E. ephippiatus (Champion), E. maculatus (Waterhouse), E. rufomaculatus Pic, E. sphaericus (Champion), and E. tetrastigma (Champion) are redescribed. Twenty three new species are described, including Exochomoscirtes arunahalensis sp. nov. (India), E. basipunctatus sp. nov. (Borneo), E. bezdeki sp. nov. (Laos), E. buechei sp. nov. (Sulawesi), E. cambodiensis sp. nov. (Cambodia), E. ceylonicus sp. nov. (Sri Lanka), E. dilaticornis sp. nov. (Borneo), E. globosus sp. nov. (Sumatra), E. jaechi sp. nov. (Thailand), E. klausnitzeri sp. nov. (Java, Borneo, Sumatra, Thailand, Laos), E. longispinus sp. nov. (Borneo), E. luteosuturalis sp. nov. (Sulawesi), E. luteosuturaloides sp. nov. (Borneo, Vietnam), E. meghalayensis sp. nov. (India), E. nahangensis sp. nov. (Vietnam), E. nigromarginatus sp. nov. (Malayan Penins.), E. nipponicus sp. nov. (Japan), E. pectinatus sp. nov. (Borneo), E. picturatus sp. nov. (Borneo), E. quadripartitus sp. nov. (Malayan Penins.), E. takizawai sp. nov. (Borneo), E. thailandicus sp. nov. (Thailand) and E. serricornis sp. nov. (Malayan Penins.). Thirty five species of Exochomoscirtes are presently recognized. A key is given to the species.
Identification guide to the shallow water (0–200 m) octocorals of the South Atlantic Bight
Authors: DEVICTOR SUSAN T. , MORTON STEVE L.
Published: January 2019

Octocoral diversity is well documented in the tropical western Atlantic and Indo–Pacific, but it has been several decades since a thorough species account of the shallow South Atlantic Bight region was produced (northwestern Atlantic between Cape Hatteras, NC and Cape Canaveral, FL, USA). Through the use of material from the NMNH and SERTC Octocorallia (=Alcyonaria) collections, this work documents the presence of 28 species of octocorals recorded in the shallow (0–200 m) South Atlantic Bight and reports five new range extensions. Included are illustrated keys to the species, synonymies, species images and remarks, and SEM images of sclerites from described species without previously published sclerite imagery. A brief history of previous work and discussion of octocoral morphology are also included.
African weakly electric fishes of the genus Petrocephalus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) of Odzala National Park, Republic of the Congo (Lékoli River, Congo River basin) with description of five new species
Authors: LAVOUÉ SÉBASTIEN , SULLIVAN JOHN P. , ARNEGARD MATTHEW E.
Published: January 2019

Here we examine new collections of Petrocephalus species (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae: Petrocephalinae) made within Odzala National Park in the Republic of the Congo (Lékoli River drainage, northwestern Congo River basin). We compare these collections to type material of all nominal Petrocephalus species described from the Congo basin and the adjacent Lower Guinea ichthyofaunal province. Based on morphology and electric signal characteristics we recognize eleven distinct species of Petrocephalus in these collections, including five new species described herein: Petrocephalus binotatus, Petrocephalus zakoni n. sp., Petrocephalus valentini n. sp., Petrocephalus balayi, Petrocephalus microphthalmus, Petrocephalus odzalaensis n. sp., Petrocephalus christyi, Petrocephalus sauvagii, Petrocephalus pulsivertens n. sp., Petrocephalus grandoculis and Petrocephalus mbossou n. sp. Each species can be distinguished by a combination of characters, the most important of which are numbers of dorsal and anal fin rays, mouth width, eye size, number of upper jaw teeth and melanin markings. Electric signal waveform characteristics are useful for diagnosing a few of the species. The eleven Petrocephalus species of the Odzala assemblage appear to be reproductively isolated biological species based on genetic evidence we have gathered from the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Our study of Petrocephalus type material reveals that Petrocephalus guttatus was erroneously assigned to this genus; we now assign this species to Pollimyrus within the sister subfamily, Mormyrinae. Additionally, we provide a dichotomous key to the eleven Petrocephalus species of Odzala National Park.
Description of larval instars of Mystrophorus formicaeformis Ruthe (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae)
Authors: GUGLIELMINO A. , BÜCKLE C.
Published: January 2019

The last immature stage and the mature larva of Mystrophorus formicaeformis Ruthe are described for the first time. The affinities of both immature and mature larvae of M. formicaeformis and corresponding instars of other subfamilies are respectively discussed.
More pontoniine shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae) from the CReefs 2009 Heron Island expedition
Authors: BRUCE A. J.
Published: January 2019

Recent collections of pontoniine shrimps from Heron Island, southern Great Barrier Reef, have provided additions to the Australian marine fauna. More material is now available indicating further taxa can be added to the Heron Island pontoniine fauna species list. Periclimenaeus heronensis sp. nov., probably a sponge associate, and P. creefi sp. nov., probably an ascidian associate, are described and illustrated. Additional records are provided of Onycocaris spinosa Fujino & Miyake and Periclimenaeus pachydentatus Bruce. Comments are also provided on the morphology of Periclimenaeus usitatus Bruce.
A new species of freshwater crab of the genus Allacanthos Smalley, 1964 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Pseudothelphusidae) from southern Costa Rica, Central America
Authors: MAGALHÃES CÉLIO , LARA LUIS RÓLIER , WEHRTMANN INGO S.
Published: January 2019

A new species of pseudothelphusid crab, Allacanthos yawi n. sp., from the Río Volcán drainage, Puntarenas Province, southern Costa Rica, Central America, is described and illustrated. This is the second species to be assigned to the genus Allacanthos Smalley, 1964. The new species is distinguished by its congener by having a first gonopod with a mesiolaterally flattened distal portion, a concave and nearly smooth subdistal portion of the lateral and cephalic sides, a narrow marginal process with a nearly straight distal border, and a lateral lobe with a sharp tip on the apex. An amended diagnosis for Allacanthos is provided.
Revalidation of Caridina natalensis De Man, 1908 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) in the South Western Indian Ocean
Authors: DE MAZANCOURT VALENTIN , CASTELIN MAGALIE , RENNEVILLE CLEMENTINE , MLAMBO MUSA C. , MARQUET GERARD , KEITH PHILIPPE
Published: January 2019

Numerous specimens of a freshwater shrimp with small eggs belonging to the Caridina nilotica complex collected in the South Western Indian Ocean were studied and compared with recent and old collection specimens genetically (16S mitochondrial analysis for recent and type specimens) and morphologically. The results revealed that, in the Indian Ocean, what has been identified by several authors under various species names of the complex C. nilotica, was in fact C. natalensis De Man, 1908. This valid species is re-described and compared with closely related species, often confused with it in this area: C. brachydactyla De Man, 1908, C. brevidactyla Roux, 1920, C. gracilipes De Man, 1892 and C. longirostris H. Milne Edwards, 1837.
A new species of the genus Eugoa Walker, 1858 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) from Cambodia
Authors: BAYARSAIKHAN ULZIIJARGAL , KO JAE˗HO , BAE YANG˗SEOP
Published: January 2019

A new Lithosiini species, Eugoa leucomelaena n. sp. is described from Cambodia. A diagnostic comparison is made with Eugoa arida van Eecke, 1920, E. aridoides Holloway, 2001, E. grandipuncta Bucsek, 2008 and E. gracilisa Bucsek, 2008. Moreover, adult, male and female genitalia of E. arida van Eecke are illustrated for the first time. Illustration of adults, male and female genitalia of the new and closely allied species are presented.
Five new species of Nazeris Fauvel in Guangxi, China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae)
Authors: HU JIA-YAO , QIAO YU-JIA
Published: January 2019

Six species of Nazeris Fauvel are reported for Guangxi, China. Five of them are described as new: N. maoershanus Hu & Qiao, sp. n., N. rugosus Hu & Qiao, sp. n., N. yuyimingi Hu & Qiao, sp. n., N. biacuminatus Hu & Qiao, sp. n., and N. yanzhuqii Hu & Qiao, sp. n. Additional records of N. latilobatus Assing, 2016 and an identification key to the Nazeris species in Guangxi are provided.
Taxonomic revision of the monotypic genus Psellonus Simon, 1897 (Araneae, Philodromidae)
Authors: MALAMEL JOBI J. , NAFIN KARUNNAPPILLI SHAMSUDHEEN , SANKARAN PRADEEP M. , SEBASTIAN POTHALIL A.
Published: January 2019

The monotypic genus Psellonus is revised, including the first description of the male of Psellonus planus Simon, 1897. One new synonymy is proposed: Philodromus kendrabatai Tikader, 1966 = Psellonus planus Simon, 1897 syn. nov.
Managing evidence and cultural adaptation in the international transfer of innovative social work models
Authors: Brown Louise
Published: January 2019

As the Global Agenda for Social Work continues to be promoted and moves forward, so does the desire to use innovation in the development, evolution and improvement of practice internationally. Using examples from practice, the article identifies two key challenges associated with transferring innovative social work models between countries, namely demonstrating effectiveness in an evidence-based context and managing cultural adaptation. It draws upon the diffusion of innovation literature applied by different disciplines and recommends practical steps that researchers and practitioners can take to support the transfer of models of practice between countries.
Cultural Differences in Psychosis: The Role of Causal Beliefs and Stigma in White British and South Asians
Authors: Mirza Aisha , Birtel Michèle D. , Pyle Melissa , Morrison Anthony P.
Published: January 2019

While previous research has demonstrated the negative impact of stigma in individuals with mental health problems, little is known about cross-cultural differences in experiences and explanations of mental health, in particular in young people, despite the first episode of psychosis often occurring in adolescence. Aim of this study was to examine cultural differences in causal beliefs and stigma toward mental health, in particular psychosis. White British and South Asian young people ( N = 128) from two schools and colleges in the United Kingdom, aged 16 to 20 years, completed a cross-sectional survey. Results revealed significant associations between ethnic group and our dependent measures. White British reported more previous contact with a mental health service as well as with people with mental health problems than South Asians. They also reported lower stigma in form of a greater intentions to engage in contact with people with mental health problems. Furthermore, South Asians reported higher beliefs in supernatural causes of psychosis than White British. Psychotic experiences moderated the effect of ethnic group on supernatural beliefs, with South Asians reporting higher supernatural beliefs than White British when their own psychotic experiences were low to moderate. We discuss the implications of the findings, arguing that a greater culture-sensitive understanding of mental health is important to reach ethnic minorities with psychosis, and to challenge stigma toward psychosis from an early age on.
Identity Refusal: Distancing from Non-Drinking in a Drinking Culture
Authors: Banister Emma , Piacentini Maria G , Grimes Anthony
Published: January 2019

Following Scott’s recent sociology of nothing, we focus on the process of non-identification, wherein young adults seek to manage the risk of being marked by their non-participation in an important cultural practice. Drawing on qualitative interviews with undergraduate students we develop two overall identity refusal positions (resistance and othering), through which informants seek to disengage with the collective identity of the non-drinker. These positions are underlined by four categories of identity talk: denial and temporal talk (distancing through resistance), and disconnect and concealment talk (distancing through othering), which are used to repudiate non-drinking as culturally and personally meaningful respectively. We contribute understandings of how identities can be performed through active omission, developing Scott’s conceptualization and demonstrating how this can be a potentially planful process, depending on the extent to which individuals credit a particular object or activity with being a ‘something’.
The role of work intensification in intention to stay: A study of personal support workers in home and community care in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Sayin Firat K , Denton Margaret , Brookman Catherine , Davies Sharon , Chowhan James , Zeytinoglu Isik U
Published: January 2019

This study examines the role of work intensification in personal support workers’ (PSWs) intention to stay, while exploring the mediating relationships of stress and extrinsic and intrinsic job satisfaction. A 2015 survey of 938 PSWs is analysed using structural equation modelling. It is found that work intensification is negatively associated with intention to stay, and this relationship is mediated through stress and intrinsic job satisfaction. Extrinsic job satisfaction does not play a mediating role. Findings explain the mechanism between work intensification and intention to stay, and demonstrate work intensification as a challenge in retaining PSWs in home and community care work.
Technology and Early Braille Literacy: Using the Mountbatten Pro Brailler in Primary-grade Classrooms
Authors: Cooper Holly L. , Nichols Sharon K.
Published: January 2019

This article describes the Early Braille Readers Project, which provided a Mountbatten Pro Brailler and peripheral equipment to 20 kindergarteners, first-, and second graders in Texas. The project included training and support in the form of site visits and teacher training for both teachers of students with visual impairments and classroom teachers, group workshops, and an electronic discussion group. The project had a positive impact on the students’ writing and reading skills and participation in instruction and social interaction.
A Proposed Tactile Vision-Substitution System for Infants who are Blind Tested on Sighted Infants
Authors: Segond Hervé , Weiss Déborah , Sampaio Eliana
Published: January 2019

This article analyzes the attraction of stimulation produced by a visuotactile sensory substitution device, which was designed to provide optical information to infants who are blind via a tactile modality. The device was first tested on sighted infants, to demonstrate that this type of stimulation on the abdomen is pleasant and rewarding in comparison to visual and auditory reinforcement. The preliminary results of this research allow us to consider the possibility of developing practical visual-substitution devices for infants who are blind.
Accessible GPS: Reorientation and Target Location among users with Visual Impairments
Authors: Ponchillia Paul E. , Rak Eniko C. , Freeland Amy L. , LaGrow Steven J.
Published: January 2019

This article presents the results of two single-subject experiments that were designed to determine consumers’ ability to use a BrailleNote GPS. The participants decreased their mean orientation time from 6 minutes to 45 seconds and increased their target- location efficiency fourfold with BGPS than without BGPS. Additional results and implications for the field are presented.
A Cognitive Approach to Brailling Errors
Authors: Wells-Jensen Sheri , Schwartz Aaron , Gosche Bradley
Published: January 2019

This article analyzes a corpus of 1,600 brailling errors made by one expert braillist. It presents a testable model of braille writing and shows that the subject braillist stores standard braille contractions as part of the orthographic representation of words, rather than imposing contractions on a serially ordered string of letters.
Social Skills Intervention for a Child who is Blind
Authors: Celeste Marie
Published: January 2019

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a social skills intervention plan for a preschool child who is blind and has no additional disabilities. After the plan was implemented, the child demonstrated an increased frequency and range of play behaviors and social interactions.
Analysis of Phonemes, Graphemes, Onset-Rimes, and Words with Braille-Learning Children
Authors: Crawford Shauna , Elliott Robert T.
Published: January 2019

Six primary school–aged braille students were taught to name 4 to 10 braille letters as phonemes and another 4 to 10 braille letters as graphemes (Study 1). They were then taught to name 10 braille words as onset-rimes and another 10 braille words as whole words (Study 2). Instruction in phonemes and onset rimes resulted in fewer trials and a higher percentage of correct responses.
Divergent Development of Verbal Skills in Children who are Blind or Sighted
Authors: Brambring Michael
Published: January 2019

This empirical study compared the average ages at which four children with congenital blindness acquired 29 verbal skills with given age norms for sighted children. The results indicated only small developmental delays in the acquisition of verbal skills in the four children, but a high degree of variability in developmental delays within and across nine categories of verbal skills.
Interpreting the Meaning of the Terms Certified and Highly Qualified for Teachers of Students with Visual Impairments
Authors: Pogrund Rona L. , Wibbenmeyer Kristina A.
Published: January 2019

This article investigates the value of the term highly qualified as it relates to teachers of students with visual impairments. Routes to certification of teachers of students with visual impairments in the United States are not uniform and may not always reflect high-quality teacher preparation. A rationale for more stringent national standards of certification is presented.
Exploring the Early Literacy Practices of Teachers of Infants, Toddlers, and Preschoolers with Visual Impairments
Authors: Murphy Jeanne Lovo , Hatton Deborah , Erickson Karen A.
Published: January 2019

Practices endorsed by 192 teachers of young children with visual impairments who completed an online early literacy survey included facilitating early attachment (70%), providing early literacy support to families (74%), and providing adaptations to increase accessibility (55%). Few teachers reported using assistive technology, providing structured intervention in phonological awareness, or providing opportunities for early writing and alphabet experiences.
Teaching Choice Making to Children with Visual Impairments and Multiple Disabilities in Preschool and Kindergarten Classrooms
Authors: Clark Christine , McDonnell Andrea P.
Published: January 2019

This study examined the effectiveness of an intervention package that included visual accommodations, daily preference assessments, and naturalistic instructional strategies on the accuracy of choice-making responses for three participants with visual impairments and multiple disabilities. It also examined the participants’ ability to maintain and generalize responses across settings, items, and individuals.
An Age-Cohort Study of Older Adults with and without Visual Impairments: Activity, Independence, and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Good Gretchen A. , LaGrow Steven , Alpass Fiona
Published: January 2019

This survey of 560 older adults who were visually impaired or sighted analyzed whether the two groups differed in their levels of activity, independence, and life satisfaction and the degree to which activity and independence contribute to the prediction of life satisfaction. Implications for rehabilitation services are discussed.
Driving and Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Owsley Cynthia , McGwin Gerald
Published: January 2019

This article reviews the research literature on driving and age-related macular degeneration, which is motivated by the link between driving and the quality of life of older adults and their increased collision rate. It addresses the risk of crashes, driving performance, driving difficulty, self-regulation, and interventions to enhance, safety, and considers directions for future research.