bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structure Characterization for Wood-PMMA Composite
Authors: Meng Xin , Li Yong Feng , Li Jian , Liu Yi Xing
Published: June 2010

A new composite, wood-polymer composite, was fabricated by formation of poly (methyl methacrylate) in wood cellular structure. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer and a few of 2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator, as well as several drops of pyrimidine as catalyst were first impregnated into wood porous structure under a pressure condition, and then initiated for thermal polymerization through a catalyst-thermal treatment. The structure of Wood-PMMA Composite was characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD, and its thermal stability was also examined. The results indicate that PMMA polymer generated in wood cellular structure as an amorphous form, and interacted with wood cell walls, resulting in chemical combination between them. The thermal stability of Wood-PMMA composite was higher than untreated wood under 450°C.
Tool Wear of PVD Coated Carbide Inserts in High Speed Turning Inconel 718
Authors: Song Xin Yu , Zhao Jun
Published: June 2010

TiAlN/TiN multilayer PVD coated carbide is one of the dominant tool materials for the turning applications of Inconel 718 due to its high hardness, high wear resistance, and high thermal stability. The results of a thorough investigation on TiAlN/TiN multilayer PVD coated carbide inserts were presented for turning Inconel 718. The tool wear of the PVD coated carbide inserts were tested and analyzed at different cutting speeds from 50m/min to 90m/min and different feed rates from 0.1mm/r to 0.4mm/r. The wear patterns and wear mechanisms of PVD coated carbide were analyzed. Results show that the dominant wear patterns are rake face wear, flank wear, micro-chipping, coating delamination, notch wear, built-up edge and breakage. The main wear mechanisms are adhesion, diffusion, abrasive and oxidation.
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Research on Fatigue Strength of the Injector Guide Pillar under Complex Loads
Authors: Li Jin Guo , Wang Xiao Gui , Gao Zeng Liang
Published: June 2010

Under the complex loads, the injector guide pillar (IGP) used in injection machine was failure only after 1.5-year-service. In order to determine the cause of the fracture, the numerical simulation technology was applied to analyze the mechanical properties of the IGP. The contact between the mating surfaces of the clamping mechanism was modeled; nonlinear multi-region contact of surface-surface was applied to establish the contact model of FEA. The constraint of tie was used for modeling thread joint. The simulated results indicated that the smaller area of contact surface, the higher value of stress in the neck of IGP. Electronic measurement was also used to check the results of stress in IGP obtained by FEA. It was found that the experimental data agreed well with simulated results. Based on the numerical analysis and experimental study, the structure of IGP was improved by adopting a smoother double-round neck. The fatigue life of the improved structure was longer than that of the original machine.
Reliability Analysis Methods for Mixed Uncertainties in Structural System with Multiple Modes
Authors: Zhou Chang Cong , Lu Zhen Zhou , Wang Qi
Published: June 2010

For structural system with multiple modes simultaneously involving random variables, interval variables and fuzzy variables, a logical deduction algorithm is proposed to deal with propagation of uncertainties. Corresponding to assumed membership level in the membership level interval [0,1], the membership interval of fuzzy variables can be obtained. Firstly the fuzzy variables and the corresponding design points that optimize the respective mode will be calculated by iteration. Secondly, with the logical deduction, the interval of upper bound and lower bound of the system reliability with multiple modes can be solved by the fourth moment algorithm based on the point estimate, then the average of the interval will be used to approximate the true value of the upper bound and lower bound. Several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the proposed method’s advantages both in efficiency and accuracy.
An Approach of Robust Reliability Design for Structure System with Multiple Failure Modes
Authors: Lu Hao , Zhang Yi Min , Tan Xue Fei
Published: June 2010

Based on the reliability theory, the probability perturbation technique, the reliability sensitivity technique and robust design were employed to discuss the reliability-based robust optimization problem of structure system with multiple failure modes. By means of the probability network evaluation technique (PNET), the representative failure modes of structure system were defined. Then, the reliability and the reliability sensitivity of the system were obtained. By integrating the reliability sensitivity into the reliability-based optimization design model, the robust reliability design of structure system was discussed. According to the numerical results, the method proposed is validated to be practical and effective.
Crack Propagation of CCT Foam Specimen under Impact Fatigue
Authors: Cho Jae Ung , Xie Li Yang , Cho Chong Du , Lee Sang Kyo
Published: June 2010

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the low or high strain rate on the impact fatigue properties of the nickel foam material and to understand the lifetime of this material which is subjected to the repeated impacts at different energy levels. Failures of foam materials under single and repeated impacts analogous to fatigue are essential to designers and users in military and aerospace structures. The material failure induced by repeated impact loading becomes a critical issue because of significant loss of stiffness and compressive strength in the foam material. Testing methods to study impact(that is, high strain rate) fatigue are quite numerous; no single standard testing procedure is defined for studying the impact fatigue property of a material. The increasing application of foam material in aerospace structures, owing to high specific stiffness and strength has attracted a great concern about the high sensitivity to impact damage introduced during manufacture or in service, and the effects of such damage on structural degradation. To investigate this issue, this study sets up an experimental procedure to determine the impact fatigue properties of nickel foam material. This study performs both experimental and numerical investigations to catch the impact fatigue behavior of nickel foam with open type. Design life and probability of failure or survival at specified life can be calculated so that the fatigue life of nickel core material subjected to repeated impact loading is predicted.
A Mixed-Effect Multi-Failure-Mechanism Fatigue Reliability Model
Authors: Xie Li Yang , Lin Wen Qiang , Lu Feng
Published: June 2010

Based on the concept of multilevel statistics, mixed-effect fatigue reliability models are presented, by which fatigue reliability can be directly calculated according to stress distribution and fatigue life distribution function condition to stress. Mathematically, the fatigue reliability is estimated as the expectation of a conditional survival probability function to the stochastic stress history. Especially, such models are capable of estimating the fatigue reliability of a component with competing failure mechanisms such as conventional fatigue and giga-cycle fatigue, where two groups of P-S-N curves are involved.
The Fracture and Fatigue Behaviour of Nano-Modified SAN
Authors: Zuo Kou Cheng , Blackman Bamber , Williams J. Gordon , Steininger Helmut
Published: June 2010

An amorphous styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) copolymer has been modified by various concentrations of metal oxide (MeO) nano-particles up to 0.50 vol.%. Atomic force microscopy of the modified thermoplastics showed that the nano-particles were well dispersed in the matrix. The incorporation of the nano-particles had a marginal effect on the glass transition temperature and yield stress. However, the Young’s modulus increased with the volume fraction of the nano-particles. The fracture and fatigue properties also had a marked increase with the addition of the nano-particles. The fracture energy was increased from 316±10 J/m2 to 445±27 J/m2, and the maximum fracture energy threshold was increased from 17±1 J/m2 to 34±2 J/m2 at 23 °C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies showed that debonding of nano-partilces, subesequent plastic void growth and large scale fibril deformation initiated by mulitiple crazing were observed in the process zone of the nano-modified composites.
Aging Change Point of Lognormal Distribution and its Implications
Authors: Jiang R.
Published: June 2010

Several life measures are defined in the literature. This paper deals with defining a service life measure for a component with lognormal life. It is proposed to set the service life at the inflection of the failure rate function. The service life defined in such a way is a function of the shape parameter. This implies that the shape parameter reflects the product quality. Based on the value of the shape parameter, the component quality can be classified and the component can have different quality improvement or maintenance strategy.
Failure Analysis and Reliability Evaluation of a Planetary Gear Box
Authors: Teng Yun Nan , Feng Fei , Chen Ya Zhe , Xie Li Yang , Wen Bang Chun
Published: June 2010

With the qualities of smooth operation, high efficiency and small size, the planetary gear box was widely used in transmission field. In this paper, a 2-stage planetary gear box was studied. CAXA and Pro/E were used for modeling. The FEA analysis results were obtained by ANSYS, both the contact stress and the bending stress of the gear tooth root. The results showed that with the continuous action of cyclic loads, the excessive contact stress is the direct reason of the failure. Then, the system reliability evaluation was made, which can provide guidance for engineering practice.
Study on Reliability of the Tower Crane Jib
Authors: Lin Gui Yu , Li Wei Wei
Published: June 2010

The jib is an important component for the tower crane. The reliability of the tower crane jib has a direct impact on the safety production. In the current crane industry, the traditional allowable stress method is still the main method for designing tower crane jib. As a result, the reliability of the tower crane jib cannot be given quantitatively. In this paper, by using the probabilistic method, the reliability of a tower crane jib is worked out, and a design way based on the reliability for the tower crane jib is provided.
Tolerance Design for Four-Bar Function Generating Mechanisms with Joint Clearances Using Taguchi Method
Authors: Huang Xian Zhen , Zhang Yi Min , Lu Hao , Tang Le , Li He
Published: June 2010

This paper presents a method for tolerance design of four-bar function generating mechanisms with joint clearances using Taguchi method. Based on previous studies made by other researchers, we propose a model to quantify the effects of uncertain factors on the accuracy of four-bar function generating mechanisms. Taguchi’s approach is applied to select the optimal tolerance ranges for the design parameters of function generation mechanisms. Sensitivity maps are plotted to provide an insight to the effects of parameter errors on the performance variances of four-bar function generating mechanisms. To illustrate the efficiency of the proposed methodology, the tolerance design of a four-bar function generator with joint clearances is discussed.
Probabilistic Fatigue Property of Aluminium Alloy Welded Joint for High-Speed Train
Authors: Zou Hua , Li Wei , Li Qiang , Wang Ping
Published: June 2010

Four kinds of aluminum alloy welded joints widely used in car-body for high-speed train were experimentally examined to clarify their probabilistic fatigue properties. Based on BS8118 and IIW standard criterions, the probabilistic fatigue limits for these four welded joints, corresponding to loading cycle of 2×106, are evaluated under two different loading modes. In terms of the extrapolation proposed by Eurocode 9 criterion, the corresponding probabilistic S-N curves in very high cycle regime are obtained, combined with grouping method and lifting and lowering method.
Reliability Analysis Based on Transverse Distribution of Random Loading
Authors: Gao Peng , Xie Li Yang
Published: June 2010

The traditional loading-strength interference model is used to calculate the reliability of components and system when random loading act once. In fact, components always work under repeated random loading, so it is important to derive a reliability model considering the frequency of loading. The two-dimensional distribution of random loading is proposed in this paper. In engineering practice, only a few samples of time-loading process can be obtained because of all kinds of limitation, so the reliability model based on transverse distribution of random loading. In addition, when it is difficult to know the exact distribution of random loading and strength, a discrete reliablity model is developed through the method of universal generating function. Finally, the reliability of system is analyzed considering common cause failure.
Kinematic Reliability and Sensitivity Analysis of Delta Parallel Mechanism
Authors: Yang Qiang , Sun Zhi Li , Lei Dong Liang , Zhou Peng
Published: June 2010

Kinematic accuracy is an important index to evaluate the quality of mechanisms. Kinematic reliability is a significant standard to examine dynamic kinematic accuracy of mechanisms. Having deduced inverse kinematics and calculated model for position errors of Delta mechanism, kinematic reliability of the mechanism is calculated considering the randomness of every error components. Analytic method sensitivity analysis is adopted to describe contribution of the randomness of each error component to kinematic reliability of the mechanism, and the calculating approach is exactly given that the sensitivity analysis which is for getting the error contributions to reliability of which the position errors during movement is in the range of allowable accuracy at any time. Kinematic reliability and its sensitivity analysis can search key factor influencing kinematic accuracy, which can provide the foundation for error compensate and accuracy assurance technology of the mechanism.
Optimization of Preventive Maintenance Policies for Aging Equipments in Finite Time Horizon
Authors: Cang An Yu , Kong Fan Sen , Xu Zhen Dong , Liu Peng
Published: June 2010

The recursion relationship between the failure rate and the equipment age before and after preventive maintenance (PM) was built up concerning with the concept of improvement factor. The optimal imperfect PM policy model in finite time horizon of the aging equipments following Weibull distribution was proposed, which can minimize the total relative cost of the equipment PM. The optimal maintenance frequency and optimal maintenance interval under imperfect maintenance were determined by the model, and the reliability after each PM of equipments was considered. The model built in this paper can be used the decision supporting the maintenance plan and providing decision supporting for job shop scheduling.
Simulation of Position Control and Flow Rate Match of Integrated Hydraulic Actuator Unit
Authors: Liu Jian Xin , Liu Yu , Tan Ping
Published: June 2010

This paper presents a kind of all-digital integrated hydraulic actuator (IHA) unit to drive heavy load object without centralized oil tank. In order to improve the control quality of the actuation system while eliminating or reducing the disturbance, and also to solve the problem of flow rate mismatch existed in IHA with single-rod cylinder actuator, a fuzzy PID PWM controller is suggested. Simulations on the integrated hydraulic actuator unit are carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed control method when applied to hydraulic systems with various external disturbances encountered in real working conditions. Simulation results are discussed and some conclusions are given.
Cargo Ride Safety Analysis of Trucks for Four Excitation Cases
Authors: Guo Li Qun , Wang Deng Feng
Published: June 2010

Excessive levels of vibration in commercial vehicles, due to excitation from the road irregularities, can lead to cargo damage and safety problems. In order to study the cargo ride safety problem, a three dimension (3D) finite element model of full vehicle was established, which differs from the previous two dimension (2D) one. The computation algorithm for acceleration power spectral density (PSD) and root mean square (RMS) was also given. For the sake of comparisons, two frames with different stiffness were given in the computations of PSD and RMS of body vertical accelerations for four excitation cases. The computed results showed that when the stiffness of the frame increases, the RMS values of the body decreases strongly at the frequency band 14-26Hz, which can effectively improve the cargo ride safety.
A Quantitative Method on Formative Elements Optimization of Car Styling Design
Authors: Li Zhuo , Xia Jin Jun
Published: June 2010

According to the basic principles of Kansei Engineering and BP neural network, the article establishes a non-linear relationship between the user’s perceptual evaluation and the car’s formative element. It also builds a strong anti-interference black box model, which may work out the precise value of the formative elements by the perceptual evaluations. The paper also discusses the model with deductive method, and the results show that the quantization and transformation in body design can be effectively solved by the method based on BP neural network and Kansei Engineering.
GSPN Based Reliability Design for Intellectualized System
Authors: Jiang Chun Yang , Li Guo Qi , Bao Xiao Hong
Published: June 2010

Software reliability has been regarded as one of the most important quality attributes for software intensive systems, especially in embedded system domain. Software reliability engineering is focused on engineering techniques for developing and maintaining software systems whose reliability can be quantitatively evaluated. As most of embedded systems complicated functionalities and controls are implemented by software which is embedded in hardware systems, it became more critical to assure high reliability for software itself. At this point, there is no visible boundary between Software reliability and software safety. Although software reliability has remained an active research subject over several years, challenges and open questions still exist. In particular, vital future goals include the development of new software reliability engineering paradigms that take software architectures, testing techniques, and software failure manifestation mechanisms into consideration. In this paper, we give a paradigm of embedded system, and do some analysis about it by using Generalized Stochastic Petri Net (GSPN).
A Series of New Nonlinear Dynamic Equations of Rolling Element Bearing Systems
Authors: Xu Dong , Xu Yong Cheng , Chen Xun , Yang Yong Min , Li Xing Lin
Published: June 2010

As one of the key parts of rotating machinery, rolling bearing is the primary fault source, therefore it is urgent to research failure mechanism and its evolution process. First, the number of laden rollers of rolling bearings in different states without radial clearance and preload is summed up, and then nonlinear analytical equations and an additional equation are proposed. To some extent it will be helpful for researching the fault evolution process of rolling element bearings combined with fatigue theories. Further they will conduce to analyze and predict the remaining life of ball bearings.
Study on Lateral Stiffness for Flexicoil Circle Springs with Rubber Pads
Authors: Yang Guang Wu , Xiao Shou Ne
Published: June 2010

In order to accurately obtain lateral stiffness of flexicoil circle spring with rubber pads, based on shear shape coefficient of solid and hollow thin-wall circle section, the shear shape coefficient of hollow circle section with different ratios between inner and outer diameter was obtained by difference method. By means of curve’s differential equations of elastic straight bar with uniform section, relations between forces and displacements as well as moments and rotation angles on end surfaces of spring and rubber pads was set up. According to the principle that force and moment under the connection surface between spring and rubber pad are the same and their signs are opposite, lateral stiffness of flexicoil circle spring with rubber pads was obtained. Calculation results show that in order to obtain accurate solution, correction factor of stiffness matrix must be considered when only lateral stiffness of spring is calculated, but the correction factor can not be considered when lateral stiffness of spring with rubber pads is calculated.
Multiphase Flow Simulation and the Analysis Method of the Pressure Drop in the Vibrated Fluidized Bed
Authors: Li Bai Chun , Lin Wen Qiang , Wang La Mei
Published: June 2010

This paper designed experimental system and the corresponding multi-particle coal particles experiments. At the same time based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), we use Fluent as a tool to carry out the corresponding multiphase flow simulation experiments. The simulation results have a good consistency with the experimental results. Ultimately, we acquire the pressure drop calculation model and the simulation method of the multiphase flow pressure drop analysis inside the vibrated fluidized bed.
Novel Approach to Ship Multidisciplinary Design and Optimization Using Genetic Algorithm and Response Surface Method
Authors: Gorshy Hesham , Chu Xue Zheng , Gao Liang , Qiu Hao Bo
Published: June 2010

Ship design is a complex engineering effort required excellent coordination between the various disciplines and essentially applies iteration to satisfy the relevant requirements, such as stability, power, weight, and strengths. Through, all-in-one Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) approach is proposed to get the optimum performance of the ship considering three disciplines, power of propulsion, ship loads and structure. In this research a Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) is employed to improve the space filling property of the design and explore it to sample data for covering the design space. To avoid the problem of huge calculation time and saving the develop time, a quadratic Response Surface Method (RSM) is adopted as an approximation model to study the relation between a set of design variables and the system output for solving the system design problems. A genetic algorithm (GA) is adopted as search technique used in computing to find exact or approximate solutions to optimize and search problems and appropriate design result in MDO in ship design. Finally, the validity of the proposed approach is proven by a case study of a bulk carrier.
Characteristics Based Adaptive Weighting Method in Ontology Mapping
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhao Yu Hang
Published: June 2010

Ontology mapping is a crucial task to enable interoperation and interoperability between related ontologies. Combining multiple mapping strategies can improve the mapping accuracy in ontology mapping. However, how to give weight values in multiple strategy ontology mapping is very difficult. Aiming at the problem, characteristics based adaptive weighting method is proposed in the paper. Six similarities is selected to reflect different kinds of ontological information. Ontologies characteristics related to the six similarities, which include self-characteristics and mutual-characteristics of both ontologies, are used to describe both ontologies to be mapped. Weight of each similarity is specified according to the characteristics of both ontologies. Experiment results showed that the method in the paper can get a better effect than traditional weights combining methods.
A Framework for Handling with Web Services Exception
Authors: Liu Chuan Chang
Published: June 2010

Service oriented architecture presents us with a standards-based architecture for developing modular business applications and a lightweight framework for the business integration across heterogeneous platforms. However, due to the traits such as loose coupling, autonomy and distribution of web services, service oriented architecture is inherently vulnerable to exceptions. Moreover, the traditional exception handling strategies can hardly handle with the exceptions occurred in service oriented architecture. Based on the idea that exception management should be implemented in the system infrastructure, the paper presents a novel web services working framework with exception handling capability, including exception definition, exception handling policies, exception monitoring mechanism and handling process. The framework can dynamically monitor and handle with the exceptions that occur during the execution of web services.
Research on Evaluation of Economics of Product Quality Based on Fuzzy Theory
Authors: Wen Xiao Jun
Published: June 2010

As the consumptive concept increasingly matured, the product quality and the economics of quality has been an important aspect in the economical development. The paper laid emphasis on the research of comprehensive evaluation of economics of quality. It established the evaluation index system that can effectively indicate the conditions of economics of quality, measured the economics of quality comprehensively and quantitatively. A fuzzy evaluation model which can quantitatively evaluate the economics of quality was also built up. The feasibility and effectiveness of the model was also proved by a material example.
A Parallel Algorithm of Image Processing Model
Authors: Feng Wei , Cheng Guo Zong
Published: June 2010

The basic algorithm for the parallel FFT is briefly introduced, combined with the recent years of
the parallel algorithm research results, analysis of a image processing model based on practical parallel
algorithm.
Haar Wavelets in Data Analysis
Authors: Sun Yu Qin , Jiang Yuan Ttao , Tian Yong Ge
Published: June 2010

One century ago (1910), the Hungarian mathematician Alfred Haar introduced the simplest wavelets
in approximation theory, which are now known as the Haar wavelets. This type of wavelets can effectively be
used to fit data in statistical applications. It is well known that for a general regression model, it is not easy
to write estimations of its parameters in analytical forms. However, regression models generated from the
Haar wavelets are easy to compute. In this article, we introduce how to use the Haar wavelets to formulate
regression models and to fit data. In addition, we mention some variations of the Haar wavelets and their
possible applications.
Classic Methods of Face Recognition
Authors: Zhang Hai Yang , Li Xian Wei
Published: June 2010

Over the past few years, face recognition has been actively studied. Some classic methods of face recognition are introduced in this paper. At first, we give an overview of face recognition and its applications. Then, we will present some classic techniques of face recognition. A brief overview of ORL face database which is usually used to test the performance of these methods is given. At last, we will give a summary of the research results.
A Novel Multi-Focus Image Fusion Method Using Shearlet Transform
Authors: Zhao Jia , Lü Li , Sun Hui
Published: June 2010

According to the different frequency areas decomposed by shearlet transform, the selection principles of the lowpass subbands and highpass subbands were discussed respectively. The lowpass subband coefficients of the fused image can be obtained by means of the fusion rule based on the region variation, the highpass subband coefficients can be selected by means of the fusion rule based on the region energy. Experimental results show that comparing with traditional image fusion algorithms, the proposed approach can provide more satisfactory fusion outcome.
Evaluation Method Research on the Interior Design Based on M (1 2 3)
Authors: Geng Xiao Xiao , Wang Ying Chen
Published: June 2010

The interior design is used to create functional, reasonable, comfortable and beautiful environment to meet the material and spiritual needs of people, which is based on the building nature of environment and the corresponding standards for usness of material and technical means and principles of architectural aesthetics. Meanwhile, good interior design is an important symbol which stands for an interior designer standards and levels. By analyzing the research status, content and factor analysis of interior design, this article used the membership change to analysis the interior design, and then we can get an evaluation method to evaluate the interior design. Though evaluating the results, we can easily modify the interior design and interior design development.
Comment on the Progress and Research of the Digitization of Chinese Ancient Books
Authors: Ji Zhi Gang , Wang Zhi Hui , Xie Hui Zhong
Published: June 2010

From the perspective of research progress and relevant results, this article carries out a relatively detailed combing and introduction of the progress and status quo of digitization of ancient books in China. On the basis of the introduction, this article points out the breakthrough progress of study on digitization of ancient books in technology and theory as well as problems to be solved urgently in the process of digitization construction, such as lack of overall planning and unified standard, retrieval technology and function of supporting research of digitized ancient books are to be perfected and improved, then put forward relevant suggestion, hoping to provide reference for further research.
A Proof Method for Correctness of Database Query Program
Authors: Yang Bo
Published: June 2010

It is necessary that formal proof for correctness of relational algebra expressions. It can effectively improve the reliability of database query program. The aim of the present study is to present a proof method for correctness of relational algebra expressions. The basic idea about this proof method is explained as follows. Based on the semantics of relational algebra operators, according to the characteristic of relational algebra expressions, we can formally derivate the semantic of an algebra relational expression. And then we can compare this semantic with the specification. If they are equal logically, the relational algebra expression is correct, otherwise, the relational algebra expression is wrong. This article explains the mean and necessity of proving the correctness of relational algebra expressions. Some rules of formal deduction are presented. Based on it, we present a proof method for correctness of relational algebra expressions. Next, a application is given to illustrate this proof method. At last, conclusions and discussions about this proof method are given. As far as we known, there is no other work which is about proof method for the correctness of a relational algebra expression to the database query specification based on the given semantics.
Study on Medical Micro-Image Mosaic with SIFT Features
Authors: Wang Yi Gang , Jiang Gang Yi , Yu Mei
Published: June 2010

In order to obtain panoramic view of medical micro-image in remote medical diagnosis system, we should mosaic micro-image sequence accurately in remote node. SIFT features are invariant to image scaling, rotation and translation. The aim of this study is to mosaic micro-image sequence by extracting SIFT features. Firstly, search coordinate of potential features through Gaussian pyramid (with 7 octaves × 6 scales) and then filter pseudo-keypoints. Secondly, describe these features with 128-D vector. The next step is to calculate matching keypoint pairs between two time-successive images according to minimum Euclidean distance. In this step, standard deviation comparing is proposed to eliminate wrong matching pairs and appropriate threshold(8000) through experiment is used to insure matching pairs. Then, construct image motion equation considering rotation and translation and compute motion parameter by solving equation according matching pairs. Finally mosaic all images. These steps are applied in 5 micro-image sequences such as slices of lung tissue, spleen, kidney, frog blood cell and sunflower tissue. The experiment results show that the gap between two images is vanishing and the proposed method can satisfy with medical micro-images sequence mosaic.
Research of Evaluation Indicators about Electric Power Enterprise Marketing
Authors: Cui He Rui , Xuan Zhao Wei
Published: June 2010

Along with the deepening reform in power system, Electric Power Enterprise Marketing Management becomes an important management tool to ensure the effective operation of power enterprises. In this paper, on the basis of relevant principles, we have developed a market economy to adapt to the current situation of the development, marketing, and service sectors of the Power Marketing Strategy. At the same time, we designed to power enterprise marketing performance evaluation index system. And we introduced the quantitative analysis of power marketing effectiveness: AHP, according to the power of quantitative analysis method to evaluate and analyze marketing results.
Application of BP Neural Network into the Kow of Chemical Contaminants
Authors: Jiang Hui Yu , Dong Min , Li Wei
Published: June 2010

The octanol / water partition coefficient (Kow) is an important physical parameters to describe their behavior in the environment. However, because of some reasons, it is difficult to determine the octanol / water partition coefficient of each compound accurately. In this paper, we will introduce RBF neural network and molecular bond connectivity index to forecast the solubility of organic compounds in water. The result is better using the BP network to predict, the correlation coefficient has achieved 0.998, the prediction error in the permission scope.
Fast Algorithm for the Inverse Matrices of Adding Element Tridiagonal Periodic Matrices in Signal Processing
Authors: Zhao Yan Lei , Liu Xue Ting
Published: June 2010

Adding element tridiagonal matrices play a very important role in the theory and practical applications, such as the boundary value problems by finite difference methods, interpolation by cubic splines, three-term difference equations and so on. In this paper, we give a fast algorithm for the Inverse Matrices of periodic adding element tridiagonal matrices.
The Best Number of IGS Stations by Grouping Network for Solving Total Zenith Delay
Authors: Yue Ying Chun , Zhang Zhi Chao , Xiong Pan
Published: June 2010

Short-term adverse weather conditions have a direct impact on geological disasters. However, the data source of high-precision weather on real time can be provided by GPS technology. At the same time, the high-precision and real-time weather forecast can provide important and basic information for geological disasters monitoring, forecasting and prevention. However, the precision of the total zenith delay in troposphere directly affects the estimating precision of the water vapor contents over stations, which affects the accuracy of real-time weather forecast. In this paper, the total zenith delay of GPS observational station is solved respectively by GPS data on GPS observational station grouped with different IGS stations using high-precision software-GAMIT/GLOBK developed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The solving results are comparatively analyzed to draw：the best number of IGS tracking stations by grouping network for improving the precision of the total zenith delay in troposphere is 3. It is of great realizable significance.
Research on Networked Agriculture Greenhouses Irrigation Control System
Authors: Tian Fang Ming , Xi Gui Qing , Wang Xiao Liang
Published: June 2010

Greenhouse irrigation control technology is an important content in the research of modern agriculture technologies. The traditional agriculture greenhouse used man-made irrigation approach to add moisture and nutrient to crops, which is difficult to control and easily to cause resource waste. The paper brought out a networked agriculture greenhouse irrigation control based on wireless network, which obtained temperature and humidity information of crops with network sensor and distance control irrigation system with algorithm, so that the automation of supply be achieved. The research fully utilizes modern computer network technologies and improves the accuracy of agriculture greenhouse irrigation control and work.
Machining Parameter Optimization of Aero-Engine Blade in Electrochemical Machining Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Li Zhi Yong , Ji Hua , Liu Hong Li
Published: June 2010

Because the process of blade in electrochemical machining(EMC) can be effected by many factors, such as blade shapes, machining electrical field, electrolyte fluid field and anode electrochemical dissolution, different ECM machining parameters maybe result in great affections on blade machining accuracy. Regard some type of aero-engine blade as research object, five main machining parameters, applied voltage, initial machining gap, cathode feed rate, electrolyte temperature and pressure difference between electrolyte inlet and outlet, have been evaluated and optimized based on BP neural network technique. From 3125 possible machining parameter combinations, 657 optimized parameter combinations are discovered. To verify the validity of the optimized ECM parameter combination, a serial of machining experiments have been conducted on an industrial scale ECM machine, and the experiment results demonstrates that the optimized ECM parameter combination not only can satisfy the manufacturing requirements of blade fully but has excellent ECM process stability.
The Real Solutions of Equation of in Control Theory
Authors: Liu Xue Ting
Published: June 2010

. The research of matrix equations is an active research field, matrix equations have applied in many physical applications in recent years. As one of them, the equation is applied more and more extensively, such as control theory, chemistry and chemical engineering and so on. In this paper, motivated by [1], we give two discriminations about the real solutions of equation . The matrix is proved that it is a nonsingular solution of equation whenever are nonsingular solutions of equations at last.
Study on Maximum Power Point Tracking for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System
Authors: Zhang Hou Sheng
Published: June 2010

As the energy crisis and the pollution are serious, the exploitation of solar has received more and more attentions. It is well known that for a given solar radiation intensity and solar cell temperature there exists a maximum power point at which the power generated from the PV panel is at its maximum. In order to improve the efficiency of the system, the main method is to regulate the output of array to develop the maximum power point tracking (MPPT). In this paper the principle and control method of DC/DC conversion in grid-connected photovoltaic system are experimentally discussed. The conductance incremental method is analyzed in detail, and an improved variable step-size control method is implemented for MPPT with pulse width modulation. The experimental results prove the feasibility and correctness of the control method.
Segmentation Approach Methods in Complex Environment
Authors: Pai Hung I , Wang Shen Zheng , Zhao San Lung , Wu Yi Ta
Published: June 2010

Segmentation is fundamental step in video surveillance system. It
is hard to segmented interesting object in all environments due to the
similarity features of objects and background. The segmentation results
(foregrounds) are often broken. An approach composition of some methods
including GMM, removing cast shadow, clustering and segmentation
broken detection and recovery is proposed to improve the segmentation
results. This method is suitable for the applications that the information
of bounding boxes is required.
Characterization of Substructure Evolution in Ferrous Lenticular Martensite
Authors: Shibata Akinobu , Morito Shigekazu , Furuhara Tadashi , Maki Tadashi
Published: June 2010

This study investigated the substructure evolution in lenticular martensite. The
substructure of lenticular martensite changes from fine transformation twins in the midrib and
twinned region to a high density of dislocations in the untwinned region during growth. On the basis
of careful observation of the morphology and substructure of midrib and examination of the
stress-induced growth behavior of thin plate martensite, we concluded that the midrib in lenticular
martensite is thin plate martensite itself. Tangled and curved dislocations appeared near the
martensite-austenite boundary of the untwinned region in Fe-33Ni and in the entire untwinned region
in Fe-31Ni, because the martensite inherited the accommodation dislocations in the surrounding
austenite. The difference of Ms temperature causes the difference in the substructure between
Fe-33Ni and Fe-31Ni. The higher Ms temperature of Fe-31Ni induces the plastic deformation of the
surrounding austenite at an earlier stage of transformation, resulting in the appearance of tangled and
curved dislocations in the entire untwinned region.
Structural Behavior of FRP Lighting Pole System
Authors: Kim Sun Hee , Kim Gi Nam , Hong Soon Jung , Kim Chang Won , Jang Won Sup , Yoon Soon Jong
Published: June 2010

Street lighting system is an essential structure for the safety of traffic. Most of the lighting pole is made of steel and it is vulnerable to corrosion due to its hazardous surrounding environment. To mitigate such corrosion problems, stainless steel and iron steel are usually adopted, but they are also usually manufactured by hand, so it is not economical. Therefore, to overcome such problems new type FRP lighting pole is proposed. In recent years, FRP materials in the construction market are popularly utilized as an alternative for conventional construction materials. FRP material is known to have many advantages such as high chemical resistance, electro-magnetic transparency, high specific strength and stiffness, etc. In this paper, structural behavior of FRP lighting pole is compared with that of conventional lighting pole structures and we proposed the cross-section configuration of the FRP lighting pole with details on the manufacturing procedure.
Viscous Flow Behaviour of Supercooled Liquids and Mechanical Properties in Zr-Cu-Ni-Al Bulk Metallic Glasses
Authors: Yamasaki Tohru , Yamada M. , Mori T. , Kikuchi Takeyuki , Yokoyama Yoshihiko , Inoue Akihisa , Kim Do Hyang
Published: June 2010

Viscous flow behaviour of supercooled liquids and mechanical properties in Zr55+XCu30-XNi5Al10 (X=0, 5 and 10 at. %) and Zr65Cu18Ni7Al10 bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have been examined. Viscosity has been measured by using a penetration viscometer at a high-speed heating rate of 400 K/min. With increasing Zr-content, Tg tended to decrease and Tx tended to increase, resulting Tx (=Tx-Tg) increaseing up to about 170 K under a heating rate of 400 K/min by the DSC analysis. The viscosity lowered about one order of magnitude, e.g., minimum value of the viscosity decreased from 3~4x106 Pa-s for the Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10 and Zr60Cu25Ni5Al10 BMGs down to 5~6x105 Pa-s for the Zr65Cu20Ni5Al10 and Zr65Cu18Ni7Al10 BMGs under the same heating condition. Compression tests were also carried out at a slow strain rate of about 1 x 10-4 s-1 at room temperature. With increasing Zr-content, the apparent yield stress was decreased but the total strain at fracture was increased significantly, suggesting that there is a strong relationship between viscosity and the mechanical properties in these BMGs.
Processing and Excellent Oxidation Resistance of Nanocrystalline Fe-Cr Alloys
Authors: Gupta Rajeev K. , Mahesh B.V. , Singh Raman R.K. , Koch Carl C.
Published: June 2010

Nanocrystalline and microcrystalline Fe-10Cr alloys were prepared by high energy ball milling followed by compaction and sintering, and then oxidized in air for 52 hours at 400°C. The oxidation resistance of nanocrystalline Fe-10Cr alloy as determined by measuring the weight gain after regular time intervals was compared with that of the microcrystalline alloy of same chemical composition (also prepared by the same processing route and oxidized under identical conditions). Oxidation resistance of nanocrystalline Fe10Cr alloy was found to be in excess of an order of magnitude superior than that of microcrystalline Fe10Cr alloy. The paper also presents results of secondary ion mass spectrometry of oxidized samples of nanocrystalline and microcrystalline Fe-Cr alloys, evidencing the formation of a more protective oxide scale in the nanocrystalline alloy.
Effect of Sol-Gel Synthesis on the Structural and Photoluminescence Properties of Magnetoplumbite-Type Strontium Ferrite
Authors: Teh Geok Bee , Wong Yat Choy , Wang James , Tan Seng Gee , Samini Balakrishnan
Published: June 2010

Magnetoplumbite-type (M-type) strontium ferrite particles with two stoichiometric ratios (SrFexO19; x = 9.2 and 11.6) have been synthesized via the sol-gel technique employing ethylene glycol as the gel precursor. The prepared samples were characterized using x-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), photoluminescence (PL) spectrophotometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS) and superconductivity quantum interference device magnetometry (SQUID). X-ray powder diffraction patterns showed that the samples were single-phase with the space group of P63/mmc and cell parameter values of a = 5.88 Ǻ and c = 23.03 – 23.04 Ǻ. EDS results confirmed the composition being mainly of M-type SrFe12O19. The photoluminescence property of strontium ferrite was examined at excitation wavelength of 260 - 290 nm and significant PL emission peaks centered at 334 nm were detected. Both as-prepared strontium ferrites exhibited significant oxygen vacancies which were detectable via TGA where the sample with the Sr/Fe ratio of 1:11.6 exhibited the highest oxygen vacancies in its structure.
Investigation on the Plasma-Induced Electron Emission Properties of ZnO Nanorod and Carbon Nanotube Arrays
Authors: Liao Qin Liang , Zhang Yue , Huang Yun Hua , Qi Jun Jie , Zhang Zheng
Published: June 2010

The plasma-induced emission properties of ZnO nanorod and carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays were investigated under the pulse electric field. The formation of plasma on the array surface was found and high intensity electron beams were obtained from the two kinds of arrays. The plasma-induced emission properties of the ZnO nanorod and CNT arrays have big differences. Under the same electric field, the CNT arrays have higher emission current than the ZnO nanorod arrays. With the emission currents changing, the electron emissions of the ZnO nanorod arrays always are very uniform; but that of the CNT arrays are non-uniform. The plasma expansion velocity of the ZnO nanorod arrays is lower than that of the CNT arrays. Accordingly, the emission stability of the ZnO nanorod arrays is better than that of the CNT arrays.
The Characterization and Gas Sensing Properties of Polythiophene Coated V2O5 Nanotubes
Authors: Lu Yu , Jin Wei , Chen Wen
Published: June 2010

Polythiophene (PTP) coated V2O5 nanotubes were prepared by an in-situ polymerization of thiophene monomers in the presence of prepared V2O5 nanotubes. The nanotubes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which proved the polymerization of thiophene monomer and the strong interaction between polythiophene and V2O5 nanotubes (VONTs). The gas sensing properties of PTP coated V2O5 nanotubes were studied at room temperature, which was found that PTP coated V2O5 nanotubes could detect ethanol with much higher sensitivity than pure VONTs. The sensing mechanism of PTP coated V2O5 nanotubes to ethanol is presumed to be the synergetic interaction between polythiophene (PTP) and V2O5 nanotubes.