bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Program for Calculating Wind Loads on Rectangular High-Rise Buildings Using Wind Tunnel Test Data
Authors: Shin Dong-Hyeon , Ha Young-Cheol
Published: May 2024

In the context of the Korean building structure standard KDS2022, wind loads can be readily calculated in terms of the along-wind, across-wind, and torsional components, based on a single wind direction. However, this approach falls short in accurately and safely evaluating the impact of winds from various directions. Therefore, in this study, we developed a Wind Load Calculation Program (WCP) capable of predicting wind loads with relative precision during the preliminary design phase. First, wind tunnel tests were conducted to identify the essential factors necessary for calculating wind loads and the variables influencing these factors. The building shape considered was a square, and the wind force coefficients and power spectral density were measured by combining 4 ground roughness values, 11 side ratios (), 4 aspect ratios (), and wind directions ranging from 0° to 90°. Subsequently, a generalized formulation was devised to facilitate wind load calculations across diverse conditions and a method for calculating load combination coefficients, considering response correlation and load simultaneity, was presented. Finally, the wind loads obtained from the wind tunnel tests were compared with those predicted by the WCP using an actual project model.
Heterogenous Panel Modeling on Foreign Direct Investments in E7 Countries
Authors: Ayla Dilara
Published: May 2024

With the spread of free economy conditions, the increase in the international mobility of capital has led to an increase in the number of economies that want to attract capital and the opportunities it will provide. In addition to this, capital owners have started to use free movement opportunities in order to maximize their own benefits. In this context, the factors affecting foreign direct investments including long-term capital flows have been the subject of many empirical studies. In this study which is carried out within the scope of the annual data of E7 economies for the period of 1992-2021, it is aimed to reveal the relationships between net foreign direct investment inflows and unemployment, liberal democracy, public expenditures, foreign direct investment outflows and short-term borrowing. In the study, in which the heterogeneous panel data method based on seemingly unrelated regression analysis was used, it was determined that the realizations under the influence of the selected independent variables differed by countries, but it was found that all the variables included in the analysis had a decisive role on foreign direct investment inflows.
Flow injection- Spectrophotometric determination of some catecholamine drugs
Authors: Abdulrahman Loay K. , Al-Abachi Anas m. , Al-Qaissy Mayada.H
Published: May 2024

A new spectrophotometric flow injection method has been establish for the determintaions of some catecholaminedrugs
An approximate solution for solving linear system of integral equation with application on "Stiff" problems
Authors: AL-Faour Omar M.
Published: May 2024

An approximate solution of the liner system of ntegral cquations fot both fredholm(SFIEs)and Volterra(SIES)types has been derived using taylor series expansion.The solusion is essentailly
Effect of growth regulators on responsible rooting for two varieties
Authors: Abbas Jamal Ahmed , Ali Moslem Abed , Abdul-Hadi Sadoon , Jaber Khalil T
Published: May 2024

Conducted two trials separate plants Defla first two seasons, 1998 and 1999 to test the susceptibility Altgveria three varieties including Azharha colored white and pink Qati and pink Qtmr and second seasons 1999 and 2000, two types color Azhaarhama white and pink Qati treated mind half-timbered two types of Alaoxinat IBA and NAA and three concentrations as well as repeatersAdhrt results low Almaah rooting
design of multiband reflectors adapting the concept of stack
Authors: Ghazi R Hayfa
Published: May 2024

Designed Mirrors double and triple package adoption concept heap where they were changing the thickness of the layers within periodic basis of the pile and different ratios (p: q) in addition to change the refractive index of materials within periodic basis and its impact on sites Dhour tops high reflectivity study included spectral region visible and infrared, depending on NdharahFeatured matrix adjusted fall of light close to the vertical arrangement multilayer dielectric materials and thin films homogeneous and uniform
Hydrolysis of rhenium(v) Dioxo Complexes
Authors: Salih-AL-Hamadani Abbas Ali
Published: May 2024

Electronic spectra and kinetic studies of the hydrolysis of trans complexes where fernet acidic media,where carried out fairly
a study of the womens collages in usa
Authors: Al-Ansari Nada Abed Al-Majeed
Published: May 2024

The study aims to identify the colleges women in the USA where he was browsing the Internet for five universities and sixty-two women's college located these colleges in 25 states only three general and other civil 51% supported by the churches and religious associations of various began its founding in Alqrnn eighteenth and continued in the nineteenth and twentieth and to provide an opportunity for women to complete higher education, while most men's colleges opened their doors to the admission of women and turned it on coeducation
the effect of soil texture with limited saltiness concentration
Authors: Mohammed Imad A. , Kathair Solaf A , Al-Izzi Mohamed A
Published: May 2024

Found through the study of tissues Alnbarh and domestic focus where a direct impact on the development of the larvae mature into pupae and then to adults appeared to clay soils have a negative impact more than sandy soil at different concentrations salt where as it turns out that the percentage of evolution fly larvae worm Lhalzonnih of the ancient worldadult to have reached more than 80%
the effect of organic solvent extracts of callistemon citrinns leaves on some biological
Authors: Al-Ghzali Mushtak Taleb , Al-Zubadi Fawzi Shenawa
Published: May 2024

In this study, evaluate the impact of organic extracts of leaf butterfly Albzl in some aspects of life has been affected performance ratio destruction of eggs increased by 0.8% extract Alorat ethanol solvent, ethyl acetate and hexane, respectively ..
Cholera disease in iraq and the invetigation of some virulence of vibrio locally isolated from diarrhea case
Authors: Al-Thwani Amina N. , Al-Biate Noor Aleman
Published: May 2024

A survey statistician for cholera in Iraq for 1980 and until 2003 show that cholera is endemic in Iraq and that the highest number of casualties recorded in the years 1998-1999 and increasing spread of the disease during the wars in hot climates, wet a study bacteriological used where circles selective and tests Alkouhaoah examinations serological system
Improving Applied properties of poly unsaturated ester Bozafah monomers Vanalah
Authors: Mndel Tarek Abdul Al-Jalel
Published: May 2024

Suggested in this study the introduction of monomers have the ability to interact with polyester Rzn way confused or Alchapak Vodev polycarbonate first Almiaal acrylate ????? grains and offered models for high temperature and for a period of time of 40 days and absorbance and penetration and after color changes resulting from the storage heat higher using shades where models were extractedthermal storage and take measurements and then returned periodically results were consistent with theoretical expectations and mixing
Structural and mechanical properties of dental amalgam record locally
Authors: Al-Mokhtar Jenan Hamed , Faaral THaeer Latef , Al-Rasool Khaled Taha
Published: May 2024

The dental amalgam of radioactive materials in the restoration of teeth because of its readily adaptable to existing materials in the oral cavity in addition to mechanical properties such as hardness mechanical resistance Alndgat and others in this study were prepared Almlagm used Guy dental restoration of silver alloy tin plus some elements to improve the characteristicsmechanical such as copper, zinc or indium in addition to mercury
Stability constants of iron(II) supported and lead(II) complexes
Authors: Jasim Yahya Abdul M.
Published: May 2024

Overall enthalpy and entropy of complex formation were calculated from stability constant measurements at different tempreture also experimental results
synthesis of poly condensation
Authors: Al-Tamimi Intisar O. , Al-lame Naeema J.
Published: May 2024

in the present investigation new eight poly esrers as schiff bases wich containing pendant imine group were synthesized by treatment of poly acryloyl chlodire with ethanol amine group were synthesized by treatment of poly acryloyl chloride with ethanol
Technology enzyme Alauriz extracted from the seeds of prosperity
Authors: Al-Rawi Anies Malik , Taho Mohammed Mobarek Ali , Khalel Faihaa Moqdad
Published: May 2024

In this study, measuring effectiveness Alauriz in some seeds powder and found that the seeds of-sophistication sex had the highest effective enzymatic reach 353 units / gProtein and Alkabbatah study enzyme extract under different storage conditions and Altaj showed that the enzyme loses Thbatih and whether Mrkbhetwan adding Alklasrin concentration of 10% for the systematic solution
Effect of spraying fertilizer paper and aqueous extract of licorice in the content of the fruits of two varieties of sweet peppers total Azaúbh solids and vitamin
Authors: Al-Jobori Abdul-Jaseem Mehsin Jaseem , Al-Jobori Abdul-Rahman Khmas , Fadhel Fadhel S
Published: May 2024

Studied the effect of foliar fertilizers Alaongrin results showed that spraying fertilizer Alaongrin and Fertilizers and Ministry of Agriculture and rack licorice extract every three weeks after thirty days from planting seedlings
The role of the plasmid content in multiple resistance to antibiotics Life in isolated Rthomh of cases of diarrhea in children
Authors: Ghanima Qaise Qasem
Published: May 2024

Was conducted neutralize content Albulamedi for local isolates using Alacardan dye orange selection experience showed loss of local isolates resistant life antibiotic ampicillin, chloramphenicol
isolation and identification of cloves oil from eugenia caryophyllaa using Ultrasonic
Authors: Nima Zeid Abdul-Majied
Published: May 2024

This research has been prepared to isolate and diagnose one of the most important vegetable oils from the plant medical clove is the famous with Alaeugenol oil and used in many pharmaceuticals were the isolation process using a technique ultrasonic extraction and distillation technology simple
Improve the efficiency of the cell Ch neutron irradiation and thermal annealing
Authors: Al-Rawi Sobhi Saeed , Al-Qarah Koly Rajeha Rashied , Al-Taie Wasan Ali
Published: May 2024

This research aims to study the effect of heat on the efficiency of solar cells of neutrons ranging from card to these cells in the case of dark and light before and after irradiation using the neutron source as well as electrical properties have been studied
Detection capability Alttafaria for some materials using a bacterial mutagenesis system
Authors: Al-Khfaji Zahra Mahmmod , Al-Azawi Ghaith Lotfi , Khalaf Elham Abdul-Hadi
Published: May 2024

Tested effective Alttafaria some materials used for different purposes, system a bacterial mutagenesis component of three bacterial isolates belonging to different races and materials tested included drug Briaktin
Development of resistance of some klebsiella species isolated locally
Authors: Ghanima Kais K.
Published: May 2024

200 samples collected Adrar of patients with urinary tract infection were investigating the types of bacteria most local isolates showed high resistance to antibiotics penicillin c ??????? Amoxicillin Beracelin
Solving B- spline functions
Authors: AL-Faour Omar M.
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we proposed to zoom Volterra equations system Altfazlah linear complementarity of the first type in this approximation were first forming functions notch Baschtdam matrix and then we discussed the approach and stability, to notch functions
Image data compression by using multiwavelete for color image
Authors: Al-Tae'e Eanas Y. , Ali Mariam A.
Published: May 2024

There are many images you need to large Khoznah space With the continued evolution of storage technology for computers, there is a need nailed required to reduce Alkhoznip space for pictures and image compression in a good way, the conversion method Alamueja
Prevalence, predictors and geospatial patterns of HIV drug resistance in South Africa: Insights from the 2017 national HIV household survey
Authors: Seleka Mpho , Ledibane Neo , Mokhele Tholang , Zuma Khangelani , Moyo Sizulu , Jooste Sean , Musekiwa Alfred
Published: May 2024

Background
South Africa bears the highest HIV burden globally, marked by a substantial expansion of antiretroviral therapy (ART) that curbs HIV and AIDS cases, morbidity, and mortality. As a result, it faces potential challenges from HIV drug resistance (HIVDR), which could undermine these advancements and prevent the attainment of UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets. This study investigated the national prevalence, geospatial trends, and predictors of HIVDR in people 15 years and older in South Africa in 2017 before the introduction of dolutegravir containing ART regimens.
Methods
This study used the 2017 secondary data of 1,974 virally unsuppressed adults aged ≥ 15 years old and were tested for HIVDR from a nationally representative cross-sectional multi-stage stratified cluster random sample survey, the South African National HIV Prevalence, Incidence, Behaviour and Communication Survey (SABSSM V). Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine predictors for HIVDR. Geospatial analyses were applied to estimate HIVDR prevalence in all nine provinces and three locality types. Survey weights were used across all analyses to adjust for unequal sampling probabilities and non-responses.
Results
Of 1,253 participants of PLHIV aged ≥ 15 years, a large portion constituted the 25–34 years age group (33.6%) and females (55.7%). The virally unsuppressed rate was estimated at 37.8% (95%CI: 35.2 to 40.2) for viral non-suppression (≥ 1,000 copies/mL) and 26.3% (95%CI: 22.5 to 30.5) for national HIVDR prevalence (n = 369). Eastern Cape province had the highest HIVDR prevalence at 36.6%, while North-West had the lowest at 21.6%. Multivariable logistic regression model established that exposure to ART (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.44, 95%CI: 2.78 to 7.10, p < 0.001), HIV stigmatisation (aOR 1.66, 95%CI: 1.06 to 2.59, p = 0.025), and secondary schooling as highest education level (aOR 1.71, 95%CI: 1.05 to 2.81, p = 0.032) were risk factors for HIVDR. However, being aged 25–34 years (aOR 0.50, 95%CI: 0.25 to 0.99, p = 0.047) and ≥ 45 years old (aOR 0.45, 95%CI: 0.21 to 0.94, p = 0.033) were identified as protective factors against HIVDR compared to the younger age group of 15–24 years.
Conclusion
High HIVDR prevalence estimates among the virally unsuppressed PLHIV on ART emphasize the importance of increasing viral load testing, enhancing adherence counselling, and prompt switching to the appropriate ART regimens. The analysis revealed that exposure to ART, HIV stigmatisation, and secondary education level were identified as risk factors associated with HIVDR, while older age groups, specifically 25–34 and ≥ 45 years old, exhibited a protective effect against HIVDR.
The significance of using liquid biopsy to improve treatment outcomes for metastatic patients
Authors: Mansour Hicham , Mazouji Omayma , Ouhajjou Abdelhak , Anouar Naima , Incitti Roberto
Published: May 2024

Liquid biopsies gained momentum interest in the area of cancer management. This study aims to evaluate the ability of ctDNA to; detect genetic alteration, screen abnormalities, detect the mutations associated with treatment sensitivity or resistance and guide therapy decision making for metastatic patients. In this study, 85 samples were performed from 74 patients recruited in our center, as part of their routine clinical follow-up. 17 various cancers were analyzed. Genetic testing was conducted in metastatic patients after failure of standard treatments. Sequencing was conducted in blood-ctDNA samples; and when it was possible on the tumor tissue as well. By analyzing the results, we found that 88% of our patients were eligible for treatment guidance using liquid biopsy. In our cohort 81% of cases were detected with at least two mutations, 11% had no detected mutation, and 8% were detected with only one mutation. Among 71 mutated genes detected, we observed that BRCA2, EGFR2, MSH6 and NF1 genes were the most mutated. This study is the first to demonstrate that a significant number of patients, regardless of their cancer type, could reap the benefits of personalized medicine through a straightforward non-invasive genetic test.
Low-dose clonidine infusion to improve sleep in postoperative patients in the high dependency unit: a randomised placebo controlled trial
Authors: Liu David , Hallt Elizabeth , Platz Alanna , Humblet Alain , Lassig-Smith Melissa , Stuart Janine , Fourie Cheryl , Livermore Amelia , McConnochie Bre-Yana , Herbst Kimberley , Woods Christine A. , Pincus Jason M. , Reade Michael Charles
Published: May 2024

Purpose
Dexmedetomidine increases sleep and reduces delirium in postoperative patients, but it is expensive and requires a monitored environment. Clonidine, another a2-agonist, is cheaper and is used safely for other purposes in wards. We assessed whether clonidine would improve sleep in postoperative high-dependency unit (HDU) patients.
Methods
The Clonidine at Low dosage postoperatively to Nocturnally Enhance Sleep (CLONES) study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group randomised trial involving adult elective surgery HDU patients. Patients received clonidine 0.3 mg/kg/hr or saline placebo on the night of surgery. The primary outcome was total sleep time measured using a consumer actigraphy/photoplethysmography device.
Results
Of the 83 randomised patients, three had no data available, leaving 80 (39 clonidine, 41 placebo) in the intention-to-treat analysis. Median patient ages of the groups were similar (61 and 59 years), as were other baseline characteristics. Clonidine patients had a mean of 100.8 (95% CI 38.2 – 163.4) minutes (p=0.002) longer total sleep time (mean 497.2 vs. 396.4 minutes) and reported better sleep overall. Delirium was only observed in one patient prior to study drug infusion, and none at the end of the study. Safety outcomes were not different. Four clonidine patients had their medication ceased due to bradycardia and hypotension that required no additional treatment.
Conclusion
Among postoperative elective surgical patients admitted to HDU, low-dose non-titrated clonidine, compared to placebo, resulted in approximately 100 minutes more sleep and subjectively better-quality sleep. These findings support the use of clonidine infusions in similar patients.
Trial Registration number: ACTRN12619000669190 / U1111-1229-9703
Investigating the Effect of Continuous and Partial Reinforcement in Conceptual Fear Generalization
Authors: Mitra Sharmili , Asthana Manish Kumar
Published: May 2024

Fear generalization plays a major role in the acquisition and maintenance of anxiety disorders. In fear generalization, conditioned fear responses are observed for novel stimuli sharing perceptually or conceptually similar properties with the conditioned stimulus (CS). The reinforcement levels of the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) impact fear acquisition and generalization. Fear generalization can be studied using the category-based conditioning paradigm, where individuals are conditioned to members of a category rather than a single stimulus. The current study explored the effect of UCS reinforcement (i.e., continuous and partial) on conceptual fear generalization due to category-based similarity using a visual aversive UCS. The CSs were exemplars from four categories, i.e., animals, insects, appliances, and mechanical tools. Thirty healthy participants underwent fear acquisition with exemplars from the four stimulus categories, presented with varying levels of UCS reinforcement (100%, 62.5%, and 37.5%). Subsequently, fear generalization was tested with novel unreinforced exemplars from each category. A significant effect of reinforcement on the UCS expectancy and CS-UCS contingency ratings was observed. UCS expectancy ratings increased with increasing certainty of UCS occurrence in the generalization phase. Our results may help to understand how fear generalizes to conceptually related stimuli based on the certainty of the UCS occurrence.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Laboratory Test Volume and Abnormal Rates in Emergency and Outpatient Clinics: A Single-Center Study
Authors: Gorovanchi Parastou , Panahi Parham , Farrokhi Zahra , Zadeh Rasoul Hossein , Baradaran-Binazir Maryam , Estakhri Rasoul
Published: May 2024

Background
Physicians ordering excessive tests can cause increased stress for patients and higher costs for the healthcare system. Therefore, the MARR metric was first developed to gauge the appropriateness of testing, showing the proportion of tests ordered that return abnormal results. However, there is a lack of data regarding how the Covid-19 pandemic, which significantly heightened the demand for laboratory testing, including many tests with limited evidence to support their use, altered the trends in test ordering and the associated MARR.
Objective
the purpose of this study is to investigate MARR in both Emergency and outpatient departments and internal and surgical department of Sina hospital in Tabriz, Iran during Covid-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods
This cross-sectional study analyzed laboratory test results from the Emergency and Outpatient departments, as well as the Internal and Surgical departments of Sina Hospital, from March 21, 2021, to March 20, 2022.
Results
The result of MARR for the emergency department was calculated to be 30% and 27% for the outpatient, this measure did not show a significant difference. Result of MARR determined in internal group 30%, surgical group 29%, did not show a significant difference. The result of the number of tests requested per month did not show a significant difference.
Conclusion
In this study, it was found that an increase in the number of laboratory test requests led to a decrease in the MARR. There was no significant difference observed between surgery and internal medicine specialties, nor between outpatient and emergency settings, indicating that work experience did not have a significant impact on the results. Additionally, due to the presence of new mutations of the coronavirus in the country, there was a twelve-fold increase in test requests during the fall and winter months, resulting in a proportional decrease in MARR.
A novel method for inhibiting transcriptional autoactivation by fusion of SRDX repression domain
Authors: Chen Zhu , Ren Jie , Wei Guo , Jia Xinran , Shah Faheem Afzal , Lu Xiaoyu
Published: May 2024

Protein-protein interactions are fundamental components in the life activities of each cell. They play a pivotal role in various biological processes, including replication, transcription, translation, cell cycle regulation, and signal transduction. Distinct interaction networks are present in every species, individual, and cell. Various technical methods have been confirmed to map these interactions and to identify proteins that interact directly or indirectly. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) is an extensively employed system for determining the interaction sites or domains between two known proteins with physiological effects. However, the yeast dual hybrid method has certain limitations, as the autoactivation of bait proteins often lead to false positive outcomes. In this study, we optimized the assembly of bait proteins by introducing a transcriptional silencing motif (EAR inhibitory motif of SUPERMAN gene SRDX) to suppress the autoactivation. We selected five bait proteins with autoactivation activity, including ApGNAT12, ApCPP5, ApVOZ1, ApMYB2, and ApWRKY41. Notably, by introducing SDRX inhibitory motifs at the C-terminus of these proteins, the autoactivation activity of these proteins was effectively suppressed. In addition, we conducted a yeast two-hybrid library screening experiment coupled with high-throughput sequencing, using ApMYB2 as an example, and the outcomes revealed the reliability of this method. Together, our findings indicate that the inhibitory motif can effectively inhibit autoactivation in yeast two-hybrid systems, suggesting broad applications in the protein-protein interaction research.
Beyond What Meets the Eye: Unveiling Dynamics of Compliance with Preventive Measures in the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Ali Sahar Ramazan , Lacourse Eric , Pelletier-Dumas Mathieu , Lina Jean-Marc , Belair Jacques , Sablonniere Roxane de la
Published: May 2024

Background
Previous longitudinal studies have identified variability in compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures, noting the heightened sensitivity of the least compliant groups to situational factors like easing restrictions. However, they overlooked other forms of variability inherent in compliance behaviour. Hence, we investigated compliance with social distancing and staying-at-home measures, and its dynamic nature, along with its association with social and individual factors.
Methods
Data from a longitudinal study involving 3617 Canadians across twelve measurement times from April 2020 to April 2022 were analysed. Compliance levels were assessed through self-reported items, alongside social and individual factors like trust in science and government, perception of social norms, and health literacy.
Results
Joint-Trajectory analysis revealed three compliance trajectories during mandatory and lifting measures periods: "Low and constant" (shifting to "Low and decreasing" during lifting measures), "High and decreasing," and "High and constant." Transition movements between trajectories mostly showed stability (between 85.83% and 90.44% for social distancing; between 80.68% and 87.71% for staying-at-home), with health literacy consistently predicting trajectory membership (social distancing: mandatory measures period- Odds = 1.67; 95% CI [1.20, 2.32], lifting measures period- Odds = 1.43; 95% CI [0.93, 2.37]; staying-at-home: mandatory measures period- Odds = 1.75; CI [1.24, 2.56], lifting measures period- Odds = 1.90; 95% CI [0.26, 1.01]). Perception of provincial norms (social distancing: comparison 1- Odds = 4.10; 95% CI [1.30, 17.54], comparison 2- Odds = 0.38; 95% CI [0.12, 1.04]; staying-at-home: comparison 1- Odds = 2.22; 95% CI [1.13, 4.51], comparison 2- Odds = 0.74; 95% CI [0.55, 1.00]) and trust in science (social distancing: Odds = 3.57; 95% CI [1.29, 10.91], comparison 2- Odds = 3.00; 95% CI [1.26, 7.96]; staying-at-home: comparison 3- Odds = 0.77; 95% CI [0.58, 1.02]) moderately predicted trajectory change.
Conclusions
Our study not only reaffirms variability within the lowest compliance group but also unveils variability among higher compliance groups, notably in trajectory transition movements. Health literacy consistently emerged as a strong indicator of trajectory membership, while perception of provincial norms and trust in science moderately influenced trajectory change.
Community-based Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response: a comparative case study of implementation realities from humanitarian contexts
Authors: Mary Meighan , Tappis Hannah , Scudder Elaine , Creanga Andreea A
Published: May 2024

Background
Implementation of community-based Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (CB-MPDSR) in crisis-affected settings offers an opportunity to adapt humanitarian programming and mount solutions to directly improve maternal and neonatal health among those most in need. This study aimed to understand factors that influence implementation of CB-MPDSR approaches across diverse humanitarian contexts.
Methods
A comparative case study was conducted in December 2021-July 2022 to assess CB-MPDSR implementation in 4 diverse humanitarian settings: Cox’s Bazar (CXB) refugee camps, Ugandan refugee settlements, South Sudan, and Yemen. Desk reviews and 39 semi-structured key informant interviews were conducted. Thematic content analysis was employed to understand the adoption, penetration, and fidelity of CB-MPDSR approach and elucidate cross-setting learning.
Findings
Adoption of CB-MPDSR varied: refugee contexts in CXB and Uganda had well-established systems involving active pregnancy and mortality surveillance and verbal autopsy. In Yemen, implementation was reliant upon passive reporting mechanisms, while implementing partners in South Sudan employed a mix of strategies. Financial, human resources, and socio-cultural dynamics limited implementation, especially the notification and review of perinatal deaths. Strategic engagement of community stakeholders improved participation, trust, and transparency between communities and health systems.
Conclusions
CB-MPDSR offers insights into important systemic and cultural factors contributing to mortality within crisis-affected settings. Our results call for more research investment in understanding how to effectively adapt CB-MPDSR and development of operational guidance to assist humanitarian actors in introducing or bolstering CB-MPDSR approaches, so as to support a system reflective of complex realities faced by these diverse and mobile communities.
Proteomic and Single-Cell insights unveiling therapeutic potential of curcumin against IL- 17A induced acute lung injury in C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Gouda Mahesh Manjunath , Balaya Rex Devasahayam Arokia , Modi Prashant Kumar , Kadri Safouane , Chanderasekaran Jaikanth , Bhandary Yashodhar Prabhakar
Published: May 2024

Acute lung injury (ALI) is primarily driven by an intense inflammation in the alveolar epithelium. Key to this is the pro-inflammatory cytokine, Interleukin 17 (IL-17), which influences pulmonary immunity and modifies p53 function. The direct role of IL-17A in p53-fibrinolytic system is still unclear, it is important to evaluate this mechanism to regulate the ALI progression to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). C57BL/6 mice, exposed to recombinant IL-17A protein and treated with curcumin, provided insight into IL-17A mechanisms and curcumin's potential for modulating early pulmonary fibrosis stages. A diverse methodology, including proteomics, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) integration, molecular, and Schroedinger approach were utilized. In silico approaches facilitated the potential interactions between curcumin, IL-17A, and apoptosis-related proteins. A notable surge in the expression levels of IL-17A, p53, and fibrinolytic components such as Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-I) was discerned upon the IL17A exposure in mouse lungs. Furthermore, the enrichment of pathways and differential expression of proteins underscored the significance of IL-17A in governing downstream regulatory pathways such as inflammation, NF-kappaB signaling, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK), p53, oxidative phosphorylation, JAK-STAT, and apoptosis. The integration of scRNA-seq data from 20 IPF and 10 control lung specimens emphasized the importance of IL-17A mediated downstream regulation in PF patients. A potent immuno-pharmacotherapeutic agent, curcumin, demonstrated a substantial capacity to modulate the lung pathology and molecular changes induced by IL-17A in mouse lungs. Human IPF single cell data integration confirmed the effects of IL-17A mediated fibrinolytic components in ALI to IPF progression.
Distinct changes in tomato-associated multi-kingdom microbiomes during Meloidogyne incognita parasitism
Authors: Kudjordjie Enoch Narh , Santos Susana S , Topalović Olivera , Vestergård Mette
Published: May 2024

Background
The interplay between root-knot nematode (RKN) parasitism and the complex web of host-associated microbiota has been recognized as pivotal for effective management of the pest. However, studies assessing this relationship have focussed on the bacterial and fungal communities, neglecting the unicellular eukaryotic members. Here, we employed amplicon sequencing analysis of the bacterial 16S rRNA, fungal ITS and eukaryotic 18S rRNA genes, and comprehensively examined how the microbiome composition, diversity and networking developed with time in the rhizospheres and roots of RKN-inoculated and non-inoculated tomato plants.
Results
As expected, infection with the RKN Meloidogyne incognita decreased plant growth. At individual timepoints, we found distinct bacterial, fungal and eukaryote community structures in the RKN-inoculated and non-inoculated rhizosphere and roots, and RKN inoculation affected several taxa in the root-associated microbiome differentially. Correlation analysis revealed several bacterial and fungal and few protist taxa that correlated negatively with M. incognita. Moreover, network analysis using bacterial, fungal and eukaryotic data revealed more dynamic networks with higher robustness to disturbancesin the RKN-inoculated than in the non-inoculated rhizosphere/roots. Hub taxa displayed a noticeable successional pattern that coincided with different phases of M. incognita parasitism. We found that fungal hubs had strong negative correlations with bacteria and eukaryotes, while positive correlations characterized hub members within individual kingdoms.
Conclusion
Our results reveal dynamic tomato-associated microbiomes that develop along different trajectories in plants suffering M. incognita infestation and non-infested plants. Overall, the results identify stronger associations between RKN and bacterial and fungal taxa than between eukaryotic taxa and RKN, suggesting that fungal and bacterial communities play a larger role in the regulation of RKN. The study identifies several putative RKN-antagonistic bacterial and fungal taxa and confirms the antagonistic potential previously identified in other taxa.
Inferior versus medial approach in laparoscopic and robotic colectomy for right-sided colon cancer: propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Izukawa Shota , Numata Masakatsu , Harada Tatsunosuke , Atsumi Yosuke , Kazama Keisuke , Sawazaki Sho , Godai Teni , Mushiake Hiroyuki , Higuchi Akio , Tamagawa Hiroshi , Suwa Yusuke , Watanabe Jun , Sato Tsutomu , Saito Aya
Published: May 2024

Background
Right-sided colon cancer surgery is a highly difficult operation, and ensuring perioperative safety is an important issue. While various approaches have been proposed for right-sided colon cancer, there are few reports comparing them. The present study compared the inferior approach (IA) and medial approach (MA) for right-sided colon cancer surgery and evaluated their safety.
Methods
We compared 528 cases of right-sided colon cancer surgery performed at our five affiliated institutions from 2017 to 2023, divided into IA and MA groups of 122 cases each using propensity score matching. Short-term outcomes of both groups were retrospectively evaluated, focusing on perioperative complications and perioperative mortality as the primary outcomes.
Results
After propensity score matching, all baseline variables were well balanced. No statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed between the two groups in the incidence of postoperative complications, and no cases of severe complications were observed in either group. The incidence rates of CD ≥ 3 complications (IA/ MA): anastomotic leakage (0%/ 0.8%); intra-abdominal abscess (0.8%/ 1.6%); surgical site infection (0.8%/ 3.2%); ileus (0%/ 0.8%); and anastomotic bleeding: (0%/ 0%). Postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the IA group. Although there was a significant difference in the number of dissected lymph nodes, both groups had good R0 resection rates.
Conclusions
Both IA and MA represent safe and feasible approaches for right-sided colon cancer and can be selected based on the surgeon’s preference.
Comparison of different immobilisation durations following open surgery for acute Achilles tendon rupture: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Cao Yuan , Gao Shan , Cui Zengzhen , Fu Yuliang , Bai Liangyu , Si Gao , Fan Jixing , Lv Yang , Zhou Fang
Published: May 2024

Background
Recently, early rehabilitation after Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) repair has been proposed. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to compare different immobilisation durations in order to determine the optimal duration after open surgery for ATR repair.
Methods
This study included 1088 patients (mean age, 34.9 ± 5.9 years) who underwent open surgery for acute ATR repair. The patients were categorised into four groups (A, B, C, and D) according to postoperative immobilisation durations of 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks, respectively. All patients received the same suture technique and a similar rehabilitation protocol; they were clinically examined at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 weeks postoperatively, with a final follow-up at a mean of 19.0 months. The primary outcome was the time required to return to light exercise (LE). Secondary outcomes included recovery times for the one-leg heel-rise height (OHRH) and range of motion (RM). Data regarding the surgical duration, complications, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score for pain, the Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS), and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Scale score were also collected.
Results
The recovery times for LE, RM, and OHRH were significantly shorter in groups A and B than in groups C and D (P < 0.001). The VAS scores decreased over time, reaching 0 in all groups by 10 weeks. ATRS and the AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot scale score increased across all groups over time, showing significant between-group differences from weeks 2 to 16 (P < 0.001) and weeks 2 to 12 (P < 0.001). The mean scores were better in groups A and B than in groups C and D. Each group exhibited different advantages. Thirty-eight complications (3.5%) were observed, including 20 re-ruptures and 18 superficial infections. All complications were resolved at the last follow-up, with no significant between-group differences.
Conclusions
Immobilisation for 2 weeks after open surgery for ATR repair may be the optimal strategy with minimal pain and other complications.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04663542)
Utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for Persimmon Irrigation Decision-Making: A Case Study in the Gojo Yoshino Region, Nara Prefecture, Japan
Authors: Okayama Atsushi , Yamamoto Atsushi , Kimura Masaomi , Matsuno Yutaka
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a model for persimmon irrigation decision-making using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) based on leaf image data. The leaf moisture data collected in the field and corresponding soil moisture measurements were gathered from the Gojo Yoshino region, recognized as the primary persimmon-producing area in Nara Prefecture, Japan's second-largest persimmon-producing prefecture. The findings demonstrate that the constructed CNN model can successfully identify water stress levels in persimmon trees from leaf image data. However, there are limitations to the model's performance and scope for improving accuracy. The model's capability enables remote irrigation decision-making by integrating field-acquired leaf images into edge devices for on-site processing. When integrated with ongoing developments in remote irrigation systems, this technology has the potential to automate irrigation practices, thereby offering substantial labor-saving benefits.
A Review Study on Traditional Herbal Medicines of Bangladesh against Different Skin Disorders
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life Science, Eastern University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, ROY UTHPALL KUMAR , KOUSER MD. ,   Department of Pharmacy, ASA University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh, SHOHAN SHAHRIAR MOHAMMAD ,   Department of Pharmacy, School of Science, Primeasia University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, ZAMAN FAHMIDA ,   Department of Pharmacy, Comilla University, Cumilla, Bangladesh, CHAKRABORTY SANGITA ,   Department of Pharmacy, Comilla University, Cumilla, Bangladesh, JAHAN SADIA ,   Department of Pharmacy, Comilla University, Cumilla, Bangladesh
Published: May 2024

Traditional herbal medicines (THM) are used by almost 75%–80% of the people in Bangladesh to treat various types of skin diseases. This review includes ethnobotanical data as well as relevant scientific studies on plants used in traditional medicine in Bangladesh to treat various types of skin disorders like inflammatory skin disorders, viral infections, bacterial infections, fungal infections, parasitic infections, pigmentation disorders, skin cancers, trauma and other skin disease conditions. Using specified key phrases, information on the traditional herbal medicinal plants of Bangladesh that are effective against various skin ailments was collated from several electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Springer and others. A total of 45 relevant publications were investigated, providing complete information on 221 distinct herbal plant species belonging to 73 families utilised by the diverse peoples of Bangladesh for the treatment of skin problems. The most often utilised plant organ in this study was leaves, followed by roots, fruits, entire plants, barks, seeds, stems, rhizomes and flowers. The Asteraceae family has the most species, whereas in terms of plant habit, herbs have the most species. Azadirachta indica, Curcuma longa, Vitex negundo, Aegle marmelos, Allium sativum and Lawsonia inermis are the most commonly utilised species. This research might be used as a beginning point for a systematic search for natural herbal remedies to treat skin diseases in Bangladesh’s flora.
Therapeutic Effects of Capsaicin on Pain Management
Authors:   Hindu Mission College of Nursing, Tambaram, Affiliated to the Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, SAKTHIVEL RAJATHI , REDDY MADHURIMA DESI ,   Department of Community Health Nursing, Shrisathyasai College of Nursing, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (DU), Chennai Campus, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: May 2024

Pain is an undesirable sensory experience that occurs from the noisome stimulus, it becomes a warning sign of an upcoming disease or existing disease thereby signaling immediate attention. There exists a variety of pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods to alleviate pain, with their own effects and impacts on health. The natural herb capsicum, used in most families as a spice is also found to have the therapeutic effects of for treating cardiovascular disorders, respiratory issues, gastrointestinal problems, urological disorders, cancer, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, obesity and pain reduction, especially in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It acts as a counter-irritant for various conditions like rheumatism, lumbago and neuralgia. It reduces pain by aiding in the depletion of substance-P and increases the activation of intracellular calcium by activating the calcium channel. The stimulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) causes effects like analgaesia, anti-infectious, anti-carcinogenic and antioxidant. It is permissible to use capsaicin in low concentrations such as in creams, lotions, gel patches and nasal sprays. High-concentration capsaicin is available in the form of oral formulations, intradermal, subcutaneous and intravenous. Capsaicin is mostly available in topical form, in many concentrations such as 0.025%, 0.0355%, 0.075% and 0.10%. It has been permitted to use capsaicin to the maximum concentration of 8%. Capsaicin is safe to use even in pregnancy, lactation, children and adolescents but is contraindicated for children less than 2 years old as well as for people with bleeding disorders..
Codebase release r0.3 for SmoQyDQMC.jl
Authors: Cohen-Stead Benjamin , Costa Sohan Malkaruge , Neuhaus James , Ly Andy Tanjaroon , Zhang Yutan , Scalettar Richard , Barros Kipton , Johnston Steven
Published: May 2024

We introduce the SmoQyDQMC.jl package, a Julia implementation of the determinant quantum Monte Carlo algorithm. SmoQyDQMC.jl supports generalized tight-binding Hamiltonians with on-site Hubbard and generalized electron-phonon (ee-ph) interactions, including non-linear ee-ph coupling and anharmonic lattice potentials. Our implementation uses hybrid Monte Carlo methods with exact forces for sampling the phonon fields, enabling efficient simulation of low-energy phonon branches, including acoustic phonons. The SmoQyDQMC.jl package also uses a flexible scripting interface, allowing users to adapt it to different workflows and interface with other software packages in the Julia ecosystem. The code for this package can be downloaded from our GitHub repository at https://github.com/SmoQySuite/SmoQyDQMC.jl or installed using the Julia package manager. The online documentation, including examples, can be obtained from our document page at https://smoqysuite.github.io/SmoQyDQMC.jl/stable/.
HYPER ENGINEERING COMMUNICATION SKILLS WITH PECHA KUCHA TECHNIQUE FOR HIGHLY QUALITY GRADUATE ATTRIBUTES
Authors:   Department of Marketing and Entrepreneurship, UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia, 81350, Johor Bahru, Malaysia., Zafir Md Salleh Nor , Zaharah Yaacob Teh ,   Department of Management of Technology, UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia, 81350, Johor Bahru, Malaysia., Samori Zakiah ,   School of Halal Industry Management, Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies (ACIS), UniversitiTeknologi Mara (UiTM) Shah Alam, 40450, Selangor, Malaysia.
Published: May 2024

Stakeholders in business programs, particularly marketing programs, emphasize the importance of communication skills. Graduates should develop communication skills so that they can be productive employees at work and communicate their ideas effectively to clients. Despite of the significance of being able to communicate effectively for professional graduates, there is little reference to the development of these skills in the current graduate attributes of many universities. This study was carried out to examine students experience on Pecha Kucha technique used for presenting their assignment presentation. A total of 52 students from Retail Management class have participated in the survey distributed from April to May 2022. Majority of students strongly agree that Pecha Kucha technique helped them to improve presentation skills, increase understanding on the subject also encourage more cooperative learning. It was discovered that critical thinking skills were enhanced among students while they preparing for the presentation.
OPTIMIZING FOREST AND FORESTRY CONTROL EFFORTS: LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND URGENCY OF REGIONAL REGULATIONS IN CONTROLLING FOREST AND LAND FIRES
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University of Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia., Triono Agus , a Muhtadi ,   Faculty of Law, University of Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia., Berlan Ramadhan Dani ,   Faculty of Law, University of Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia.
Published: May 2024

Forest and land fires (Karhutla) often occur in Indonesia, triggered by drought due to El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) or human activity. This research examines the arrangements for controlling forest and land fires in Indonesia and analyzes the basic problems in controlling forest and land fires and explores the urgency of forming related regional regulations. The research method uses a normative juridical approach through statutory and conceptual analysis. The results show basic problems, such as large areas of forest and land, lack of coordination between institutions, unclear management rights, and minimal community participation. The formation of regional regulations is very important to optimize forest and land fires control, because it can adapt strategies to local characteristics and support national policies.