bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Results of implantation of intraocular lenses with extended depth of focus
Authors:   «German Family Clinic», Pirogov I.I. ,   Medical Center «Admiralty Shipyards», Ovchinnikov A.V. ,   «German Family Clinic»
Published: October 2023

Purpose. Analysis of clinical and functional results and the subjective assessment by patients of the quality of visual functions after IOL implant with an extended depth of focus (EDOF) of different designs. Material and methods. The study included 29 patients (45 eyes). DFT015 Vivity IOL (Alcon) were implanted in 11 patients, LS-313 MF-15 Lentis Comfort IOL (Teleon) were implanted in 18 patients. Bilateral Vivity implantation in 5 patients, Lentis Comfort – in 11 patients. Monolateral Vivity implantation – 6, Lentis Comfort – 7. Toric models of IOL were implanted in patients with clinically significant astigmatism. Patients were examined before surgery, on the first day after surgery, one month later and three months after surgery. During the examination 3 months after the operation, the visometry of the operated eye was performed for near, at an intermediate distance and in the distance. In patients with bilateral IOL implantation, visometry was performed both monocularly and binocularly. The subjective quality of vision was carried out according to the Visual Function – 14 questionnaire. Results. Phacoemulsification with the implantation of EDOF IOL leads to a significant increase vision acuity in the distance, at an average distance and near, which is especially evident after bilateral implantation and allows patients to perform most of the usual actions without glasses. An increase in visual acuity both at a distance and at an intermediate distance and near was noted by all patients, regardless of the implanted IOL model. The level of satisfaction of patients with their vision after surgery is higher in male patients and with bilateral intervention. The smallest error in calculating the EDOF IOL is marked by the Kane formula. Conclusion. This paper presents a comparison of the clinical and functional results of phacoemulsification with implantation of IOL with EDOF of different designs. The presented data indicate that patients can perform most everyday tasks after these operations without additional correction with glasses. Keywords: cataract, phacoemulsification, IOL with extended depth of focus, EDOF.
Clinical cases of acute keratoconus
Authors:   State autonomous health institution of the Arkhangelsk region «Arkhangelsk Clinical Ophthalmic Hospital», Revta A.M. , Pikhtulov A.A. ,   State autonomous health institution of the Arkhangelsk region «Arkhangelsk Clinical Ophthalmic Hospital», Derevtsova N.A. ,   State autonomous health institution of the Arkhangelsk region «Arkhangelsk Clinical Ophthalmic Hospital», Startseva D.V. ,   State autonomous health institution of the Arkhangelsk region «Arkhangelsk Clinical Ophthalmic Hospital», Ugryumova D.M. ,   State autonomous health institution of the Arkhangelsk region «Arkhangelsk Clinical Ophthalmic Hospital»
Published: October 2023

During the ten-year follow-up period, hydrops corneae was diagnosed in 5 (6 eyes) out of 266 patients (1.8%) with keratoconus. The age of the patients ranged from 14 to 57 years. In 2 patients, acute keratoconus was the first manifestation of corneal ectasia. Decompensation of chronic keratoconus was observed in the period from 1 to 19 years from the onset of the disease. In all patients, autologous blood injection into the anterior chamber in the acute period of the disease made it possible to stop corneal edema and corneal syndrome in a short time. Hemoplombing of the anterior chamber in acute keratoconus makes it possible to stabilize the process in the cornea for a sufficiently long time and delay (avoid) reconstructive intervention as much as possible. Keywords: acute keratoconus, hydrops corneae.
Influence of modes of the endoscopic laser cyclodestruction on the inflammatory response in the anterior chamber of the eye (experimental study)
Authors:   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Skvortsov V.Y. , Tulin D.V. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy
Published: October 2023

The selection of the surgical treatment method for glaucoma, as a means of controlling intraocular pressure and stabilizing the glaucomatous process, remains a major challenge in ophthalmology. Laser cyclodestructive interventions offer the possibility of regulating the power and duration of exposure, thus expanding the range of tasks the method can address. This study aimed to compare the degree of postoperative inflammatory response in the anterior chamber of the eye between cyclodestructive interventions with and without the realization of the vaporization biological effect. In the first experimental group of rabbit eyes, the intervention was performed before visual coagulation of the processes, with power ranging from 0.3 to 0.5 W. In the second group, the intervention was performed before the visual realization of the biological vaporization effect, with power ranging from 0.9 to 1.2 W. Clinical observations were retrospectively conducted within the studied group of patients who underwent combined (phacoemulsification + endoscopic laser cyclophotocoagulation) intervention. Throughout the comparison of experimental groups, no statistically significant differences were found. However, a significantly higher inflammatory reaction was observed almost three times more frequently (p = 0.008) in patients where the vaporization biological effect was not fixed. Therefore, despite the results of the experimental study suggesting that excessive damage to the ciliary processes due to the realization of the vaporization effect does not lead to a significant increase in the intensity of the inflammatory response, the clinical observations suggest avoiding such damages whenever possible. Keywords: postoperative iridocyclitis, endoscopic laser cyclodestruction, optical coherence tomography.
Сonjunctival autoplasty using pedunculated flap for deep ulcers and microperforations of the cornea
Authors:   S.M. Kirov Military medical academy, St. Petersburg, Chernysh V.F. , Gavrilyuk I.O. ,   S.M. Kirov Military medical academy, St. Petersburg, Haritonova N.N. ,   S.M. Kirov Military medical academy, St. Petersburg, Kulikov A.N. ,   S.M. Kirov Military medical academy, St. Petersburg
Published: October 2023

In case of corneal ulcers of various origin that are difficult for medical treatment, urgent surgery is indicated, including the usage of plastic materials. In the absence of them, the surgery of choice is conjunctival autoplasty of the cornea. Recent modifications of such surgical procedure don’t rule out complications as early dislocation of the flap and the progress of infection under it. A comparative analysis of the technique and outcomes of the applied autoconjunctival plasty with a pedunculated flap and the proposed modification of the procedure, performed in 9 patients, was carried out. It is concluded that the operation is a simple and effective method of eliminating corneal ulcers and ulcers complicated by descemetocele and corneal microperforation. Keywords: cornea, ulcerative defect, deepithelialization, autoconjunctival plasty.
A clinical case of replacing a clouded hydrophilic intraocular lens
Authors:   Orenburg branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Chuprov A.D. , Kim V.L. ,   Orenburg branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution
Published: October 2023

Nowadays phacoemulsification of cataract (PEC) with implantation of an intraocular lens (IOL) occupies a leading share in the structure of surgical interventions in the profile of ophthalmology (from 40% to 60%), however, there are cases when, after the operation, there are indications for extraction (explantation) IOL. Purpose. To evaluate clinical efficacy of the surgical tactics for replacing a clouded hydrophilic IOL with a toric hydrophobic IOL performing simultaneous posterior capsulorhexis. Material and methods. Patient T., 52 years old. In 2019, cataract phacoemulsification was performed on the left eye with implantation of a hydrophilic IOL. Visometry: Vis OS = 0.1 n/c. Pneumotonometry: OS = 22 mm Hg. At biomicroscopy: four-support IOL is located in the capsular bag, the IOL lacks one haptic element, fibrosis of the posterior capsule. Carried out: IOL replacement with toric IOL implantation and simultaneous posterior capsulorhexis. Results. At discharge on the 2nd day: Vis OS = 1.0; autorefractometry: sph –0.5, cyl –1.0, ax 74°; IOP according to Maklakov – 23 mm Hg. One month later: Vis OS = 1.0; autorefractometry: sph 0.25, cyl –0.5, ax 145°; IOP according to Maklakov – 24 mm Hg. PEK OS = 2583 cells/mm². Conclusion. The used tactics of surgical intervention made it possible to achieve a high clinical result and save the patient from additional intervention, namely, YAG-discision of the posterior capsule, which is accompanied by a high risk of damage to the anterior hyaloid membrane. Keywords: IOL explantation, cataract phacoemulsification, toric IOLs.
Evaluation of the LAF coefficient as a risk criterion for acute attack of angle-closure glaucoma
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Kolenko O.V. ,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Pashentsev Y.E. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Samokhvalov N.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

Purpose. To study the possibility of using the LAF coefficient in predicting an acute attack of angle-closure glaucoma (AACG) in anatomically short eyes of Europoids. Material and methods. In total, 4 groups of patients were formed: healthy individuals with hyperopia, patients with primary angle closure (PCA) of the anterior chamber, patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG), and patients with an acute attack of angle-closure glaucoma. The anteroposterior axis of the eye (APA), lens thickness (LT) were studied, and the LAF coefficient was calculated based on the results of these studies. Results. For each of the three factors studied (LT, APA, and LAF), an ROC analysis was performed to identify the cut-off points that best separate the hyperopic and acute attack groups. Cut-off points, sensitivity, specificity, areas under the ROC-curves (AUC) were found. Conclusion. Comparative analysis of LT and LAF parameters in the groups of hypermetropes, patients with PCA and with the initial stage of PACG did not reveal significant differences. In the acute attack group, LT and LAF were statistically significantly higher than the other groups. It was revealed that the LAF coefficient provides a better separation of the group of hypermetropes and the group of acute attack of the primary angle-closure, in comparison with the indicators of LT and especially the APA of the eyes. Our data showed that a high risk of an acute attack of glaucoma in eyes with a short APA occurs at LAF values greater than 2.332. This is confirmed by the high sensitivity, specificity and AUC of this indicator. Keywords: LAF coefficient, acute attack of angle-closure glaucoma, hypermetropia, primary closure of the anterior chamber angle
Features of diagnosing glaucoma in myopic eyes in the long term after keratorefractive surgery (clinical case)
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Kuleshova N.A. , Kolenko O.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

Purpose. Demonstration of a clinical case of diagnosis and dynamic observation of glaucoma in a patient after LASIK. Material and methods. Patient A., 58 years old. Complaints about decreasing in vision of the right eye into the distance during the last year. In 2004, LASIK was performed for moderate myopia with astigmatism. In 2018, for the first time, asymmetry of the parameters of the optic nerve head (the ratio of the maximum excavation size to the diameter of the disk (E/D)) was revealed for the first time: up to 0.7 in the right eye; on the left eye – up to 0.5. At the same time, the level of intraocular pressure (IOP) according to Maklakov was 22 mm Hg. Installations of prostaglandin analogues (APG) (0.005% solution of latanoprost) once are recommended. In subsequent years, the patient was on the «D» register at the place of residence, the level of IOP according to Maklakov varied from 18 to 20 mm Hg. After 4 years, the level of IOP according to Maklakov (on the previous hypotensive regimen): OD – 18 mm Hg; OS – 21 mm Hg. Ophthalmoscopically OD: E/D – 0.85–0.9; on OS: E/D – 0.9 with a breakthrough of the neuroretinal rim from below. SAP: OD – with absolute scotoma in the Bjerrum’s zone 5–15° from the fixation point, OS – blind spot expansion. Based on this, the diagnosis was formulated: primary open-angle glaucoma III A of the right eye, II A of the left eye. Results. Selective laser trabeculoplasty was performed. But due to the lack of complete stabilization of the IOP level, the hypotensive regimen was strengthened in the form of installations of APG and alpha-agonists. Despite this, the progression of glaucoma optic neuropathy was noted, and a decision was made to perform antiglaucoma surgery. Conclusion. Despite Maklakov’s IOP levels within the average statistical norm, in patients after LASIK, it is important to assess carefully the condition of the structures of the optic nerve head. Keywords: keratorefractive operations, myopia, glaucoma, ophthalmotonometry
Dynamics of the results of trans-PRK in the correction of myopia of various degrees on the device Microscan Visum
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Napylova О. ,   «Center of Modern Technologies», Ramazanova L. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,   «Center of Modern Technologies», Shamratov R. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,   «Center of Modern Technologies», Shepelev A. ,   «Center of Modern Technologies», Ilyukhina E. ,   «Center of Modern Technologies», Ikhsanov S. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

Difficulties in choosing the method of excimer laser correction for high-grade myopia pose to ophthalmologists the task of finding a technique for excimer laser correction of this type of ametropia, combining safety and a good refractive result. The dynamics of the results of correction of myopia of various degrees by the method of transepithelial PRK on the installation of Microscan Visum for up to 6 months was evaluated. Depending on the degree of myopia, 3 groups of patients were formed. Transepithelial PRK has proven to be a safe technique that provides a good refractive result. The results of this study help predict the dynamics of visual functions in the postoperative period in patients with different degrees of myopia. Key words: transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy, myopia, Microscan Visum.
Factors Influencing Adolescents' Illegal Filming Behavior: A Focus on Adolescents in the Busan Area
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Psychology, Lee Jun Hyoung , Kwon Ji Hye
Published: October 2023

This study was conducted to empirically investigate the factors influencing the serious societal issue of illegal filming. Using data from the “Survey on the Sexual Culture of Children and Adolescents in the Busan Area” conducted by the Busan Women and Family Development Institute in 2021, the study analyzed the factors that influence adolescents' involvement in illegal filming. A total of 853 participants were included in the study, and binary logistic regression analysis was used for the analysis. The results of the study indicated that the factors statistically significant in influencing adolescents' engagement in illegal filming were the experience of encountering sexual discrimination expressions online and a lack of recognition of illegal filming as a criminal activity. Based on the findings, this study recommended the development of practical measures to address sexual discrimination in online environments targeted at adolescents, the enhancement of digital sexual violence prevention education.
An Exploratory Study on the Influencing Factors of Police Trust by Gender: Focusing on Stepwise Regression Analysiss
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Psychology, Jeon Jun Ha , Jung Bo Sung
Published: October 2023

This study separated male and female samples from 539 citizens living in Seoul to explore the factors that have the greatest influence on increasing police trust among instrumental, expressive, and fairness factors, and compared gender-based influencing factors. First, the variable that best predicts the increase in police trust in both men and women was found to be an police effectiveness. This means that the most important factor in enhancing police trust is police effectiveness for both men and women. Second, procedural fairness and lawfulness, which are factors that affect police trust after police effectiveness in both men and women, have been verified. Third, the difference between men and women regarding the factors influencing police trust is that men's social cohension and women's informal control have been verified as factors that explain the increase in police trust. The result of this study are meaningful in that it derived more specific analysis results by exploring the most influential factors through stepwise regression analysis in understanding the direction of enhancing citizens' trust in the police.
A Study on on the People's Terrorism Response Behavior
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Psychology, Hong Seo Ah
Published: October 2023

This study attempted to verify the impact of the public's perception of terrorist risk on terrorist response behavior using the research model of Lee and Lemyre (2009).As the importance of civic participation in counterterrorism policies is already recognized in developed countries and policy research is being conducted, Korea also needs to verify the impact of terrorism risk awareness on terrorist response actions in the event of a risk.Because people's behavior is predictable through this inquiry and predicted behavior can be controlled in advance, policy measures are proposed to avoid confusion and induce efficient response behavior in the event of a risk. Ultimately, it aims to understand and manage the public's response to terrorist risks that harm the people in the future and lay the foundation for designing effective social measures.
Cognitive warfare, game and visual images: ISIS Jihadists narratives analyses
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Psychology, Kim Eunyoung
Published: October 2023

Cyberspace has emerged as a significant domain in human life, driven by technological advancements and globalization. This paradigm shift has presented terrorists and violent extremists with a new platform for conducting psychological warfare and promoting their terrorist activities. In their quest to recruit individuals and expand their causes, terrorists have integrated their propaganda narratives into diverse visual tools and games. This shift has prompted Western countries to recognize the risks associated with cyber propaganda as a threat to national security, leading to extensive research on developing effective countermeasures. However, limited attention has been given to studying the cyber propaganda and narratives of terrorist groups that utilize games and visual materials to propagate their ideologies. To bridge this gap, this study focuses on analyzing the cyber propaganda tactics employed by ISIS through visual images and internet games. The research aims to gain insights into the strategies employed and the influence exerted by such propaganda on radicalization processes and terrorist activities. The study presents its findings, including research methodologies, analysis results, and discussions, shedding light on the implications for policy development.
North Korea’s YouTube cyberpropaganda, cognitive warfare and weaponized narratives
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Psychology, Yun Minwoo
Published: October 2023

In recent years, North Korea has increasingly utilized YouTube as a platform for conducting cyber propaganda, specifically as a form of cognitive warfare. The objective of cognitive warfare is to influence and manipulate human minds and thoughts by employing weaponized narratives as a strategic tool. Weaponized narratives play a pivotal role in shaping the audience's perception and attitude, effectively aligning them with the desired intentions of the communicator. The threat posed by North Korea has significant implications for South Korea's national security. However, there remains a scarcity of studies examining the utilization of North Korea's YouTube propaganda within the context of cognitive warfare, which represents a dimension of hybrid warfare. To address this gap, this study aims to analyze the risks and impacts of North Korean YouTube propaganda narratives on the audience. Through the application of a qualitative analysis method known as narrative analysis, this study thoroughly examines various narrative elements present in the videos uploaded on “Songah's Vlog”, including videos, images, audio, and textual narratives. The research findings, contributions, and policy suggestions derived from this study are thoroughly discussed
Enhancing N-arylation Productivity: The Amplified Potential of Electrophotocatalysis in Flow
Authors: Heugebaert Thomas , De Ketelaere Jolien
Published: October 2023

The recent advances in the area of electrophotocatalysis (EPC) show that it is a highly suitable technique to yield greener and more sustainable organic synthesis. The overall productivity of EPC however is constrained by a multitude of practical limitations, which impose difficulties in effectively harmonizing the photochemical and electrochemical steps, let alone in accelerating both steps simultaneously. In this contribution, we have tackled these limitations by developing a parallel plate flow cell that permits the execution of EPC in continuous flow. By using a transparent electrode, such as fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) or indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass, the interelectrode distance could be reduced while improving photon absorption. By enhancing both the photochemical and electrochemical steps simultaneously, a notable increase in productivity and space-time-yield (a ten-fold and 300-fold improvement, respectively) of the N-arylation of different azoles was observed. In addition, this was achieved in a single-pass process under electrolyte-free conditions.
Asymmetric stereodivergent catalysis achieved by means of a switchable asymmetric catalyst built on supramolecular helices
Authors: Chen Ran , Hammoud Ahmad , Aoun Paméla , Martínez-Aguirre Mayte , Vanthuyne Nicolas , Maruchenko Régina , Brocorens Patrick , Bouteiller Laurent , Raynal Matthieu
Published: October 2023

Despite recent developments on the design of dynamic catalysts, none of them have been exploited for the in-situ control of multiple stereogenic centers in a single molecular scaffold. We report herein that it is possible to select one major amongst four possible stereoisomers of an amino alcohol by means of a switchable asymmetric catalyst built on supramolecular helices. Hydrogen-bonded assemblies between a benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTA) achiral phosphine ligand coordinated to copper and an enantiopure BTA monomer are engaged in a concomitant copper-hydride catalyzed hydrosilylation and hydroamination process, yielding mainly one of the possible stereoisomers in good yield. The nature of the product stereoisomer is related to the handedness of the helices and can thus be directed in a predictable way by the nature of the major enantiopure BTA present in the assemblies. Accordingly, a sequential reaction, during which the handedness of the supramolecular helices is switched in between the hydrosilylation and hydroamination steps, mainly yields the diastereoisomer that cannot be obtained in the aforementioned concomitant process. The strategy allows all stereoisomers to be obtained with similar selectivities. This work paves the way for the development of supramolecular helical catalysts as a platform to readily access molecules embedding several stereogenic centers.
PET Functional Upcycling through Surface-Assisted Growth of Ni-BDC MOFs and Laser-Induced Carbonization towards Bend Resistive Sensor
Authors: Kogolev Dmitry , Kurtsevich Ekaterina , Fatkullin Maxim , Zinovyev Alexey , Gorbunova Alina , Rodriguez Raul , Guselnikova Olga , Boukherroub Rabah , Postnikov Pavel
Published: October 2023

The growing accumulation of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) presents a significant environmental challenge requiring the development of sustainable recycling methods. In this study, we propose a novel approach for upcycling PET waste into bend resistive sensors through laser-assisted carbonization of surface-grown Ni-BDC (BDC = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate). The fabrication process involves the solvothermal formation of a homogeneous Ni-BDC layer, followed by treatment with a 405 nm laser system to create a graphene-like layer with enhanced conductivity (sheet resistance 6.2 ± 3.4 Ω per square). The developed sensor demonstrates remarkable robustness, a linear response in a wide bending angle range (6 to 44º), as well as excellent mechanical stability and stiffness. This contribution paves the way for the development of cost-effective and eco-friendly devices based on low-cost polymer waste as a resource for applications in the Internet of Things.
Chemometric guided isolation of new triterpenoid saponins as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from Achyranthes bidentata Blume
Authors: Puri Shivani , Singh Prithvi Pal , Bora Prateek Singh , Sharma Upendra
Published: October 2023

Achyranthes bidentata Blume is an annual herb widely used as functional food and for ethnomedicinal purposes in Traditional Chinese medicine. Its seeds are widely used as cereal grain substitutes due to their excellent nutritional composition and health benefits. In current study, chemical profiling with chemometric guided approach was adopted for the tentative identification of fifty-six compounds based on UPLC-IM-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis. Chemometric guided approach also led to the isolation of two previously undescribed triterpenoid saponins, named as, achyranosides A-B (1-2) along with three known compounds (3-5) from water fraction of A. bidentata seeds. The structure elucidation of isolated molecules was done by using NMR, HR-ESI-MS, FT-IR and GC-FID techniques. Chikusetsusaponin IVa (5) exhibited most promising inhibition (IC50 values of 63.72 µM) of acetylcholinesterase in vitro with mixed type of AChE inhibition in enzyme kinetic studies. Additionally, in-silico studies disclosed the underlying molecular interactions and binding free energy between ligands and the binding sites. The current study demonstrated the effectiveness of chemometric guided integrated approach for the phytochemical exploration and isolation of new oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins from A. bidentata seeds.
A Comparative Study on the Review and Evaluation of the Regulatory Process of Spurious and not Standard Quality Drugs in Different Countries
Authors: Sreerama Rajasekhar , Kumar Somu Ashok , Nelavala Audi Narayana
Published: October 2023

To protect the public's health, the pharmaceutical business must first ensure the efficacy and safety of its products. In this comparative study, the regulatory frameworks for fake and inferior-quality medicines in India and the United States are analysed and contrasted. The study uses a mixed-approaches methodology, combining qualitative and quantitative research methods. Interviews with important figures from pharmaceutical corporations, healthcare organisations, and regulatory authorities are used to collect primary data. These interviews are combined with a thorough analysis of the literature, laws, and case studies that have already been published. We evaluate the efficacy of corrective measures implemented by regulatory bodies to reduce the dangers associated with fake and subpar medications. The comparative research identifies the regulatory frameworks of each nation's strong and weak points, revealing possible areas for development. Suggestions are made for improving inter-agency communication, streamlining inspection processes, and implementing cutting-edge technologies for improved surveillance.In the end, this study contributes to the global conversation on drug regulation and public health by illuminating the obstacles and opportunities that India and the USA must overcome in their fight against fake and subpar medications. Policy makers, regulatory bodies, and stakeholders in both nations are likely to benefit from the research's findings, which will help create a more effective and flexible regulatory framework for pharmaceuticals.
A Study on the Effects of CPTED Project in University Campus
Authors:   KOREA CPTED ASSOCIATION, Oh Ha-Neul , Kang Seok-Jin , Kim Go-Won , Seo Min-Jin , Park Seung-Yeon , Lee Seul-Gi
Published: October 2023

This study is to analyzing the effectiveness of the campus CPTED project. Accordingly, the analysis was conducted after conducting a survey of campus users before and after the project at G University in Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do.
The results are as follows: First, from a user behavioral point of view, after the project, crime anxiety decreased among groups of women after the project, groups of two or more companions, groups of pedestrians on weekdays, and groups of vehicle users on holidays. However, crime anxiety increased in the evening (6p.m. to 9:00p.m.) and night (12a.m. to 6:00a.m.).
Second, the crime prevention effect of facilities was found to be high in the effect of lighting facilities and reflectors, and in the case of floor lighting guides, satisfaction was lower than that of other lighting facilities because they were not intended to improve illumination.
Third, from a spatial point of view, it was found that the more various facilities were installed, the less criminal anxiety decreased.
Axisymmetric thermoelastic deformation of a multilayer plate with imperfect thermal contact of its layers
Authors: Antonenko Nina , Tkachenko Iryna
Published: October 2023

An axisymmetric stationary problem of thermoelasticity for a multilayer plate with imperfect thermal contact between its layers is solved by using the method of compliance functions along with the Hankel transform. It is assumed that the conditions of perfect mechanical contact are satisfied on their common boundaries. The Hankel transforms of displacements, stresses, and temperature at the points of the layer can be represented in the form of the linear combinations of the six auxiliary functions. The auxiliary functions are connected with the Hankel transforms of displacements, stresses, temperature and flow at the points of the upper boundary of the corresponding layer. For the problem considered six auxiliary functions can be found from the boundary conditions. Using the conditions on the common boundaries of the layers and entering a dummy layer the recurrent formulas for finding other auxiliary functions are constructed. The auxiliary functions of each layer are dependence. This dependence is represented in the matrix form using so-called compliance functions. The recurrence relations for the compliance functions of the thermoelastic multilayer plate are constructed. The algorithm for solving the сonsidered problem is formulated. The numerical calculations are made for a two-layer plate subjected to the action of the thermal loads. The influence of the coefficient of thermal resistance on the distribution of temperature at the points of the lower boundary of the upper layer and at the points of the upper boundary of the lower layer is analyzed. Also the influence of this coefficient on the distribution of normal stresses at the common boundary of layers is analyzed.
Research on Factors Affecting Credit Risk of Joint Stock Commercial Banks on Vietnam Stock Market
Authors: Nguyen Van Binh , Pham Minh Viet , Doan Thi Hai Yen , Doan Thuc Quyen , Ho Thi Hoai Thu
Published: October 2023

Design/methodology/approach: The article aims at identifying factors affecting credit risk of commercial banks in Vietnam. The study uses data collected from financial statements of 15 typical joint stock commercial banks out of a total of 27 joint stock commercial banks listed on the Vietnam stock exchange from 2012 to 2022 with panel data of 15 joint stock commercial banks for the period 2012 - 2022. The banks in the research data are the those with the largest total assets in the banking system. After collecting and processing data, research sample includes 165 observations and the study uses E-view software in quantitative analysis to build a regression model to determine the relationship and level of influence of Internal factors to credit risk of listed joint stock commercial banks.

 

Findings: Research results indicate that factors affecting credit risk of listed joint stock commercial banks include: Ratio of equity to total assets, capital structure of the bank, and operational performance of the banks.

 

Research, Practical & Social impications: These results confirm the importance of taking into account micro finance factors when making financing. Understanding the impact of these factors and relationships contributes to decision and risk management.

 

Originality/value: In order to limit credit risk it is necessary to focus on: Ensuring reasonable equity; Stricter control over loan capital; Optimal use of resources.
Threshold-Based Belief Change
Authors: Rott Hans , Raidl Eric
Published: October 2023

In this paper we study changes of beliefs in a ranking-theoretic setting using non-extremal implausibility thresholds for belief.  We represent implausibilities as ranks and introduce natural rank changes subject to a minimal change criterion. We show that many of the traditional AGM postulates for revision and contraction are preserved, except for the postulate of Preservation which is invalid. The diagnosis for belief contraction is similar, but not exactly the same. We demonstrate that the one-shot versions of both revision and contraction can be represented as revisions based on semiorders, but in two subtly different ways. We provide sets of postulates that are sound and complete in the sense that they allow us to prove representation theorems.  We show that, and explain why, the classical duality between revision and contraction, as exhibited by the Levi and Harper identities, is partly broken by threshold-based belief changes. We also study the logic of iterated threshold-based revision and contraction. The traditional Darwiche-Pearl postulates for iterated revision continue to hold, as well as two additional postulates that characterize ranking-based revision as a restricted `improvement' operator. We investigate the dual notion of iterated threshold-based belief contraction and provide a new set of postulates for it, characterizing contraction as a restricted 'degrading' operator.
Airborne Geophysical Investigation beneath Antarctica's Ross Ice Shelf
Authors:   , Tankersley Matthew
Published: October 2023

The Ross Ice Shelf controls the flow of ice into the ocean from catchments consisting of both the East and West Antarctic Ice Sheets. These catchments hold a volume of ice equivalent to ∼12 m of global sea level rise. To adequately understand how this ice will respond to a warming world requires knowledge of the properties and parameters which influence how the ice sheet behaves. These boundary conditions include fundamental knowledge of the Earth, such as the shape of the bed beneath the ice, the seafloor, and the geologic structures of the upper crust. Knowledge of the physiography and sub-surface geology is severely lacking beneath ice shelves due to their inaccessibility.

Here, we use airborne geophysical data from an extensive survey over the Ross Ice Shelf to better understand these boundary conditions. From the analysis of airborne magnetics data, we model the thickness of sediment, the shape of the crystalline basement, and the likely locations of faults throughout the crust under the Ross Ice Shelf. We find a continuous drape of sediment over the seafloor, including deep and narrow fault-bound sedimentary basins beneath the Siple Coast.

Using airborne gravity data, and distributed seismic constraints over the ice shelf, we develop and implement a gravity inversion to recover a higher-resolution bathymetry model beneath the ice shelf. This bathymetry model and our quantification of spatial uncertainty highlight locations likely important for sub-ice shelf ocean circulation and possible recent pinning points. In the process of these geophysical investigations, we reveal a wide range of insights relating to how bathymetry and geology play a critical role in the past, present, and future dynamics of the ice sheet, and how this region has developed over its tectonic history.
Documentación patrimonial de la roca N°29 con petroglifos en el sitio arqueológico Catazho mediante la técnica geomática de la fotogrametría: un estudio de caso
Authors: Vargas Díaz Juan Pablo
Published: October 2023

Este artículo presenta un estudio de caso sobre la documentación y análisis de la roca N° 29 con petroglifos en el sitio arqueológico Catazho utilizando la técnica de fotogrametría. La fotogrametría digital es una herramienta efectiva en la documentación y conservación de bienes patrimoniales. En este estudio se realizó un levantamiento fotogramétrico de la roca, desde la toma de imágenes hasta la generación de modelos tridimensionales y renderizados finales.

El uso de esta herramienta permite obtener una representación tridimensional de la roca y los petroglifos, facilitando su estudio y análisis, y puede ser utilizada para múltiples fines, como la gestión del patrimonio y la difusión del componente arqueológico. Este estudio contribuye a la conservación integral del sitio y a la difusión del conocimiento arqueológico, mostrando el potencial de la fotogrametría digital en la documentación patrimonial de sitios arqueológicos.
50 años de Antropología en el Ecuador: lo que dicen las tesis
Authors: Bustamante Teodoro , Carrión Suza Sofía , Tobar Ximena
Published: October 2023

El presente artículo parte del análisis de 850 tesis de antropología y una muestra de la bibliografía de 117 tesis, las cuales fueron realizadas en Ecuador entre 1977 y 2020, lo cual nos permite presentar la evolución de esta disciplina en el país. Primero, se señalan los procesos de construcción institucional, la evolución de las temáticas y de los espacios geográficos trabajados. A continuación, se abordan las influencias intelectuales a través de los materiales bibliográficos citados, influencias geográficas y autores influyentes. Después, se revisan algunas variables de género y descripciones de algunos datos sobre los directores de las tesis. Con este material, y para finalizar, se comentan logros, líneas de reflexión en desarrollo, así como vacíos y los desequilibrios temáticos y geográficos, sugiriendo algunas líneas de reflexión para el desarrollo de la disciplina.
Meta-Analysis the Effects of Rotavirus Vaccine, Exclusive Breastfeeding, and Maternal Education on Diarrhea in Children Under Five
Authors: Pratama Genn Andrean , Rahardjo Setyo Sri , Murti Bhisma
Published: October 2023

Background: Diarrhea is an infectious disease that can cause death in children under five years. Diarrheal disease is a disease with the highest mortality and morbidity after pneumonia. The purpose of this study was to analyze and estimate the effect of rotavirus vaccine, exclusive breastfeeding, and mother's education level on the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers, with a meta-analysis based on previously conducted primary studies.
Subjects and Method: This article was prepared using a systematic review and meta-analytic study. This research was conducted using the PICO model. Meta-analytic studies were conducted by searching for articles from databases in electronic form using PubMed, Google Scholar, Sciencedirect, and Springer Link. Article searches were conducted from 1-28 February 2023. The keywords used were “Vacinnation” OR “Exclusive breastfeeding” OR “Educational Mother” OR “Infection” OR “Diarrhea Childhood”. The inclusion criteria for this study were complete articles using cross-sectional research, published years from 2013-2022. Analysis of the articles used RevMan 5.3 software.
Results: A total of 24 cross-sectional studies from Africa and Asia were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that not given rotavirus vaccine had a 3.60 times the risk of experiencing diarrhea compared to those given rotavirus vaccine (aOR= 3.60; 95% CI= 2.31 to 5.64; p<0.001), not given exclusive breastfeeding had a risk of experiencing diarrhea 3.28 times compared with those who were given exclusive breastfeeding (aOR= 3.28; 95% CI= 2.24 to 4.80; p<0.001), and children who had mothers with low education levels had a 2.08 times higher risk of experiencing diarrhea compared to children who had mothers with low education levels which is higher (aOR= 2.08; 95% CI= 1.71 to 2.54; p<0.001).
Conclusion: Not being given the rotavirus vaccine, not being given exclusive breastfeeding, and the mother's low education level are at risk of increasing the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers.
Keywords: rotavirus vaccine, exclusive breastfeeding, mother's level of education, child diarrhea
Correspondence: Genn Andrean Pratama. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: andreanpratama0077@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282278467441.
Effect of Vitamin D Deficiency on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Handayani Dian , Pamungkasari Eti Poncorini , Murti Bhisma
Published: October 2023

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus increases the risk of a number of short-term and long-term health problems in both mother and baby. Some evidence states that one of the causes of gestational diabetes mellitus is vitamin D deficiency. This study aimed to estimate the magnitude of the influence of vitamin D deficiency on the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus, through a meta-analysis of previous primary studies.
Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis with the following PICO, population: pregnant women, intervention: vitamin D deficiency, comparison: no vitamin D deficiency, outcome: gestational diabetes mellitus. The articles used in this study were obtained from four databases, namely PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Springer Link, using the search keys "Vitamin D Deficiency"[Mesh] OR “Vitamin D Deficiency”[tw] AND "Diabetes, Gestational" [Mesh] OR “Gestational Diabetes Mellitus”[tw] OR “Gestational Diabetes”[tw]. The included article is a full-text cohort study design from 2018 to 2022 and reports the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) in a multivariate analysis. The selection of articles is done using PRISMA flow diagrams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.
Results: A total of 9 cohort studies involving 42,972 pregnant women from the continents of Asia, Australia and Europe were used in the meta-analysis. Pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency had a risk of gestational diabetes mellitus 1.87 times compared to those without vitamin D deficiency (aOR= 1.87; 95% CI= 1.27 to 2.75; p= 0.002).
Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus.
Keywords: vitamin D deficiency, gestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancy
Correspondence:Dian Handayani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: dianhan1812@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285876686231.
Factors Associated with Poorer Post-Abortion Care Quality at Ouidah-Kpomassè-Tori Bossito District Hospital in Benin, 2022
Authors: Virginie Mongbo , Jacques Saizonou , Bethel Fandohan , Achille Dhezonga Chau
Published: October 2023

Background: Managing abortion-related complications remains a health concern despite the insertion of postabortion care into Benin's family health service guidelines and protocols, not with standing that abortion up to 12 weeks of pregnancy has been legalized in Benin. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with poor quality of postabortion care in the Ouidah-Kpomassè-Tori-Bossito district hospital in 2022.
Subjects dan Method: This was a cross-sectional, analytical study carried out from March 21 to April 8, 2022. Records of all patients admitted for abortion at Ouidah-Kpomassè-Tori-Bossito district hospital from January 1, 2021, to April 8, 2022, were reviewed, as well as the providers involved in postabortion care and administrative staff, chosen through a reasoned choice. The dependent variable was the quality of postabortion care, defined by the six components: interview, physical examination, complementary examination, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up; according to the Benin postabortion care guidelines. Independent variables were provider features, patient features, and abortion features. Information collected through literature review and questionnaire survey was analyzed using STATA 15 software. Associated factors were then identified by bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression at 5% threshold.
Results: A total of 130 records of women admitted for abortion were evaluated. The mean age was (Mean= 27.56; SD= 7.33). Postabortion care was poor in 39.23% and good in 60.77% of the patients. Factors associated with this poor quality of postabortion care were religion (p= 0.021), abortion history (p= 0.012), miscarriage history (p= 0.026) and abortion type (p= 0.007).
Conclusion: Addressing these factors will help ensure a better quality of postabortion care in order to support legalized abortion and significantly reduce maternal mortality related to abortion in Benin.
Keywords: postabortion care, associated factors, Benin
Correspondence: Mongbo Virginie. Department of Policies and Health Systems, Regional Institute of Public Health of Ouidah, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin. Email: vmongade@yahoo.com. Mobile: 00229 95403790.