bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unconstrained Measurement of Respiration Motions of Chest and Abdomen Using a Tactile Sensor Sheet in Supine Position on Bed
Authors: Guo Shijie , Matsuo Kazuya , Liu Jinyue , Mukai Toshiharu
Published: August 2016

The management of health through daily monitoring of respiration is of major importance for early diagnosis to prevent respiratory and circulatory diseases. Such daily health monitoring is possible only if the monitoring system is physically and psychologically noninvasive. However, current unconstrained measurement methods cannot distinguish chest and abdominal movements in diagnosing sleep apnea. In this study, a flexible and stretchable tactile sensor sheet was developed to measure the static body pressure of a subject who lies on it and measure the pressure fluctuations induced by respiration or respiratory efforts. The results were compared with the measurements by band sensors that are widely used for measuring chest and abdominal movements in clinic. It was demonstrated that the sensor sheet can distinguish chest and abdominal movements in a supine position. The reasons why the pressure fluctuations measured by the sensor sheet are antiphase with the outputs of band sensors are discussed using a simple dynamic model.
Dynamic Opportunistic Maintenance Scheduling for Series Systems Based on Theory of Constraints (TOC)–VLLTW Methodology
Authors: Tao Xinyang , Xia Tangbin , Xi Lifeng
Published: August 2016

This paper focuses on series systems' dynamic opportunistic maintenance scheduling. Based on the machine-level predictive maintenance (PdM) method, a novel TOC–VLLTW methodology combined theory of constraints (TOC) policy and variable lead-lag time window (VLLTW) policy is proposed. The TOC policy provides machines' priorities according to their PdM durations to decrease system downtime when scheduling opportunistic maintenance. The VLLTW policy provides variable lead-lag time windows against different machines, allowing for more flexible and economic system opportunistic maintenance schedules. This proposed methodology is demonstrated through the case study based on the collected reliability information from a quayside container system. The results can effectively prove the effectiveness of the TOC–VLLTW methodology.
Does exercise training affect resting metabolic rate in adolescents with obesity?
Authors: Alberga Angela S. , Prud’homme Denis , Sigal Ronald J. , Goldfield Gary S. , Hadjiyannakis Stasia , Gougeon Réjeanne , Phillips Penny , Malcolm Janine , Wells George A. , Doucette Steve , Ma Jinhui , Kenny Glen P.
Published: August 2016

We evaluated the hypothesis that resistance exercise training performed alone or in combination with aerobic exercise training would increase resting metabolic rate (RMR) relative to aerobic-only and nonexercising control groups. Postpubertal adolescents (N = 304) aged 14–18 years with obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 95th percentile) or overweight (BMI ≥ 85th percentile + additional diabetes risk factor(s)) were randomized to 4 groups for 22 weeks: Aerobic exercise training, Resistance exercise training, Combined aerobic and resistance exercise training, or Control. All participants received dietary counselling targeting a daily energy deficit of 250 kcal. RMR was measured by indirect calorimetry and body composition by magnetic resonance imaging. There was no significant change in RMR in any group, in spite of significant within-group increases in fat-free mass in the Aerobic, Resistance, and Combined exercise training groups. RMR at baseline and 6 months were Aerobic: 1972 ± 38 and 1990 ± 41; Resistance: 2024 ± 37 and 1992 ± 41; Combined: 2023 ± 38 and 1995 ± 38; Control: 2075 ± 38 and 2073 ± 39 kcal/day (p > 0.05). There were no between-group differences in RMR after adjustment for total body weight or fat-free mass between groups over time. Per-protocol analyses including only participants with ≥70% adherence, and analyses stratified by sex, also showed no within- or between-group differences in RMR. In conclusion, despite an increase in fat-free mass in all exercise groups, 6 months of aerobic, resistance, or combined training with modest dietary restriction did not increase RMR compared with diet only in adolescents with obesity.
Guanidine-catalyzed asymmetric Strecker reaction: modes of activation and origin of stereoselectivity
Authors: Xue Hansong , Tan Choon-Hong , Wong Ming Wah
Published: August 2016

Density functional theory calculations were employed to study the catalytic mechanism, modes of activation, and origin of enantioselectivity of guanidine-catalyzed asymmetric Strecker reaction of N-benzhydryl imine with hydrogen cyanide. Two types of bifunctional activation mode were identified, namely conventional bifunctional Brønsted acid activation and unconventional bifunctional Brønsted–Lewis acid activation. The lowest-energy transition states correspond to the conventional bifunctional mode of activation. The calculated enantiomeric excess, based on eight lowest-energy C–C bond forming transition states, is in good accord with observed enantioselectivity. NCI (noncovalent interaction) analysis of the key transition states reveals extensive noncovalent interactions, including aromatic interactions and hydrogen bonds, between the guanidinium catalyst and substrates. Multiple aryl–aryl interactions between the phenyl groups of guanidine catalyst and the phenyl rings of N-benzhydryl imine are the key stabilizations in the most stable (R)-inducing transition state. Differential attractive aryl–aryl stabilization is the major factor for stereoinduction.
Energies and electric dipole transitions for sodium-like gold
Authors: Konan Gülay Günday , Özdemir Leyla
Published: August 2016

We have reported energies and electric dipole transition parameters, such as transition probabilities, oscillator strengths, line strengths, and wavelengths for Na-like gold (Au68+, Z = 79) using AUTOSTRUCTURE atomic code. Calculations include Breit and QED contributions besides correlation effects. A few of the results have been compared with available theoretical and experimental results in the literature. Our atomic structure data for sodium-like gold are in good agreement with others. Also we have presented new results for electric dipole transitions in sodium-like gold.
CAPITAL REQUIREMENT AND LOAN SUPPLIERS OF THE REGIONAL BANKS IN CHINA
Authors: JIANZHONG DAI
Published: August 2016

This paper tries to check whether capital requirement policy has significant influence on bank loan growth by using a sample of regional banks in China from 2005–2008. The paper develops a simultaneous equation models to analyze the endogenous relationship between capital changes, loan growth and non-performing loans. The paper finds that during the sample years, capital condition indeed became a strict constraint for the loan growth of these banks This constraint also became more and more strict and significant across the sample years as the implementation of the policy carried on.
The regular state in higher order gravity
Authors: Cotsakis Spiros , Kadry Seifedine , Trachilis Dimitrios
Published: August 2016

We consider the higher-order gravity theory derived from the quadratic Lagrangian [Formula: see text] in vacuum as a first-order (ADM-type) system with constraints, and build time developments of solutions of an initial value formulation of the theory. We show that all such solutions, if analytic, contain the right number of free functions to qualify as general solutions of the theory. We further show that any regular analytic solution which satisfies the constraints and the evolution equations can be given in the form of an asymptotic formal power series expansion.
On the number of entangled qubits in quantum wireless sensor networks
Authors: Mohapatra Amit Kumar , Balakrishnan S.
Published: August 2016

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can take the advantages by utilizing the security schemes based on the concepts of quantum computation and cryptography. However, quantum wireless sensor networks (QWSNs) are shown to have many practical constraints. One of the constraints is the number of entangled qubits which is very high in the quantum security scheme proposed by [Nagy et al., Nat. Comput. 9 (2010) 819]. In this work, we propose a modification of the security scheme introduced by Nagy et al. and hence the reduction in the number of entangled qubits is shown. Further, the modified scheme can overcome some of the constraints in the QWSNs.
Annotating the Function of the Human Genome with Gene Ontology and Disease Ontology
Authors: Hu Yang , Zhou Wenyang , Ren Jun , Dong Lixiang , Wang Yadong , Jin Shuilin , Cheng Liang
Published: August 2016

Increasing evidences indicated that function annotation of human genome in molecular level and phenotype level is very important for systematic analysis of genes. In this study, we presented a framework named Gene2Function to annotate Gene Reference into Functions (GeneRIFs), in which each functional description of GeneRIFs could be annotated by a text mining tool Open Biomedical Annotator (OBA), and each Entrez gene could be mapped to Human Genome Organisation Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) gene symbol. After annotating all the records about human genes of GeneRIFs, 288,869 associations between 13,148 mRNAs and 7,182 terms, 9,496 associations between 948 microRNAs and 533 terms, and 901 associations between 139 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and 297 terms were obtained as a comprehensive annotation resource of human genome. High consistency of term frequency of individual gene (Pearson correlation = 0.6401,p=2.2e-16) and gene frequency of individual term (Pearson correlation = 0.1298,p=3.686e-14) in GeneRIFs and GOA shows our annotation resource is very reliable.
Advanced Glycation End Products Impair Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion of a Pancreaticβ-Cell Line INS-1-3 by Disturbance of Microtubule Cytoskeleton via p38/MAPK Activation
Authors: You Jia , Wang Zai , Xu Shiqing , Zhang Wenjian , Fang Qing , Liu Honglin , Peng Liang , Deng Tingting , Lou Jinning
Published: August 2016

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are believed to be involved in diverse complications of diabetes mellitus. Overexposure to AGEs of pancreaticβ-cells leads to decreased insulin secretion and cell apoptosis. Here, to understand the cytotoxicity of AGEs to pancreaticβ-cells, we used INS-1-3 cells as aβ-cell model to address this question, which was a subclone of INS-1 cells and exhibited high level of insulin expression and high sensitivity to glucose stimulation. Exposed to large dose of AGEs, even though more insulin was synthesized, its secretion was significantly reduced from INS-1-3 cells. Further, AGEs treatment led to a time-dependent increase of depolymerized microtubules, which was accompanied by an increase of activated p38/MAPK in INS-1-3 cells. Pharmacological inhibition of p38/MAPK by SB202190 reversed microtubule depolymerization to a stabilized polymerization status but could not rescue the reduction of insulin release caused by AGEs. Taken together, these results suggest a novel role of AGEs-induced impairment of insulin secretion, which is partially due to a disturbance of microtubule dynamics that resulted from an activation of the p38/MAPK pathway.
Pathophysiology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Lifestyle-Gut-Gene Interaction
Authors: Mazzotti Arianna , Caletti Maria Turchese , Sasdelli Anna Simona , Brodosi Lucia , Marchesini Giulio
Published: August 2016

Background: The accumulation of fat droplets in the hepatic parenchyma is driven by several factors, synergistically acting to increase triglyceride flow to the liver (diet and metabolic factors, endotoxemia from gut microbiota, genetic factors). Key Messages: In the presence of unhealthy lifestyles and behavioral factors, leading to enlarged adipose tissue and insulin resistance (IR), both lipolysis and de novo lipogenesis are expected to increase the risk of hepatic lipid depots, in association with high calorie (either high-fat or high-carbohydrate) diets. The gut microbiota may also be involved via obesity, IR and hepatic inflammation generated by gut-derived toxic factors. Finally, several data also support a primary role of genetic factors. A few gene polymorphisms have also been associated with the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis progression to more fibrosis and advanced liver disease. In a few cases (e.g., patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3/adiponutrin), steatosis carries a high risk of both liver disease and cardiovascular morbidity/mortality; in other cases (e.g., transmembrane 6 superfamily 2 human gene), dissociation has been observed between the increased risk of liver disease versus cardiovascular disease. Conclusions: A variable interplay between the genetic background and the metabolic milieu is the likely physiopathologic mechanism involved in individual cases, which must be considered for implementing effective treatment strategies.
An Elevation of Serum Ferritin Level Might Increase Clinical Risk for the Persistence of Patent Ductus Arteriosus, Sepsis and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Erythropoietin-Treated Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants
Authors: Ochiai Masayuki , Kurata Hiroaki , Inoue Hirosuke , Tanaka Koichi , Matsushita Yuki , Fujiyoshi Junko , Wakata Yoshifumi , Kato Kiyoko , Taguchi Tomoaki , Takada Hidetoshi
Published: August 2016

Background: The substantial risk of iron overload is not routinely monitored in most of the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Japan; however, blood transfusion is an essential strategy for successfully treating preterm low-birth-weight infants. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the iron status and clinical features of infants with a birth weight of <1,500 g, i.e. very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBWIs). Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled 176 (82.6%) patients from a total of 213 VLBWIs admitted to our NICU from 2009 to 2014. Clinical information was collected including maternal records and infant morbidity and treatment. Management strategies including enteral iron supplementation, erythropoietin administration and blood transfusion were allowed according to the consensus in Japan. The hematological status was surveyed from birth to 12 postnatal weeks of age. The iron status was determined according to serum iron, unbound iron-binding capacity and serum ferritin. The definition of hyperferritinemia was set as a value of ≥500 ng/ml. Results: Twenty-four (13.6%) infants displayed hyperferritinemia. A multiple logistic analysis selected 3 associated factors of hyperferritinemia: surgical ligation for patent ductus arteriosus, sepsis and moderate or severe states of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. We also verified that the value of ferritin was significantly correlated with those of aspartate transaminase, creatine kinase and C-reactive protein according to a multilinear regression analysis. After excluding the ferritin data of these outliers, we did not observe any factors associated with hyperferritinemia. Conclusions: Hyperferritinemia might be associated with oxygen radical diseases and susceptibility to infection.
Oxygen Desaturation Index Estimation through Unconstrained Cardiac Sympathetic Activity Assessment Using Three Ballistocardiographic Systems
Authors: Jung Da Woon , Hwang Su Hwan , Lee Yu Jin , Jeong Do-Un , Park Kwang Suk
Published: August 2016

Background: Nocturnal hypoxemia, characterized by abnormally low oxygen saturation levels in arterial blood during sleep, is a significant feature of various pathological conditions. The oxygen desaturation index, commonly used to evaluate the nocturnal hypoxemia severity, is acquired using nocturnal pulse oximetry that requires the overnight wear of a pulse oximeter probe. Objectives: This study aimed to suggest a method for the unconstrained estimation of the oxygen desaturation index. Methods: We hypothesized that the severity of nocturnal hypoxemia would be positively associated with cardiac sympathetic activation during sleep. Unconstrained heart rate variability monitoring was conducted using three different ballistocardiographic systems to assess cardiac sympathetic activity. Overnight polysomnographic and ballistocardiographic recording pairs were collected from the 20 non-nocturnal hypoxemia (oxygen desaturation index <5 events/h) subjects and the 76 nocturnal hypoxemia patients. Among the 96 recording pairs, 48 were used as training data and the remaining 48 as test data. Results: The regression analysis, performed using the low-frequency component of heart rate variability, exhibited a root mean square error of 3.33 events/h between the estimates and the reference values of the oxygen desaturation index. The nocturnal hypoxemia diagnostic performance produced by our method was presented with an average accuracy of 96.5% at oxygen desaturation index cutoffs of ≥5, 15, and 30 events/h. Conclusions: Our method has the potential to serve as a complementary measure against the accidental slip-out of a pulse oximeter probe during nocturnal pulse oximetry. The independent application of our method could facilitate home-based long-term oxygen desaturation index monitoring.
Sexo e desejo: o jogo da leitura em Je t’aime… moi non plus
Authors: Friderichs Bibiana De Paula
Published: August 2016

O presente ensaio propõe uma leitura semiológica do filme Je T’Aime… Moi non plus, dirigido por Serge Gainsbourg, na França, em 1976. O estudo tem como teórico norteador Roland Barthes, para quem o processo de produção de sentido, se dá a partir de uma relação entre forma e conteúdo, onde menos importa o significado, do que jogo estrutural dos significantes. Trata-se de uma percepção que pluraliza a definição de texto e o percebe como espaço de realização da subjetividade, não apenas do autor, mas também do leitor. Barthes esboça, então, uma Teoria da Leitura, onde defende a vocação do sujeito que lê em deixar-se atravessar pela linguagem e restaurar a polissemia do sentido. Sob este pressuposto, observamos que tal narrativa cinematográfica propõe um jogo previsível a este sujeito, onde ora o signo parece amarrado ao estereótipo, e ora indica uma ruptura com essa cristalização do sentido.
A televisão como meio híbrido no pensamento de Raymond Williams
Authors: Serelle Marcio
Published: August 2016

Neste artigo, discuto que o fenômeno do fluxo, aspecto mais debatido de Television no Brasil, deve ser compreendido em perspectiva mais ampla da TV como meio híbrido, no pensamento de Raymond Williams. Tendo a hibridação como eixo, coloco em relevo aspectos centrais da obra, que se referem às relações entre tecnologia e sociedade, à concentração de formas culturais na televisão, à noção do fluxo e ao problema da crítica. Sujeita a revisões desde sua publicação, a obra de Williams possui o mérito de interpelar a televisão como resultante e geradora de hibridações (como no caso da forma mista do drama-documentário), e de apontar, assim, para o caráter desafiador do meio, em diferentes contextos e perspectivas.
A imagem interessante: cinema e suspensão narrativa
Authors: Leal João Vitor Resende
Published: August 2016

Este artigo busca investigar a partir de que momento, por quais critérios e com que exatidão podemos afirmar que há “suspensão narrativa”, quais as qualidades das imagens que operam essa suspensão e quais as suas consequências na experiência do espectador. Para tanto, articularemos um panorama teórico sustentado por diversas noções – o “conceito estendido de moving-picture dance” (Carroll), a “fotogenia” (Epstein, Xavier), o “número musical” (Altman, Sutton), o “cinema de atrações” (Geaudreault, Borges), o “punctum” e o “terceiro sentido” (Barthes) e o “excesso” (Thompson) – e avançaremos que, ao rescindir com as motivações e com a lógica causal da trama, essa imagem “interessante por si própria” acaba por revelar uma “elasticidade” latente na própria narrativa cinematográfica.
Cinema hipermaterialista: Bergson, Deleuze e a virtualização da matéria nos filmes de Louis Lumière
Authors: Carvalho Marcelo
Published: August 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é promover uma leitura materialista de algumas das primeiras obras de Louis Lumière, considerando o caráter transicional destes filmes entre a matéria e o cinema. Recorreremos a dois autores que não costumam embasar estudos sobre os primeiros filmes do cinema: Henri Bergson, autor de Matéria e memória, cujo primeiro capítulo retomaremos explícita ou implicitamente durante todo o percurso, e Gilles Deleuze, do qual tomaremos alguns conceitos oriundos dos livros A imagem-movimento e A imagem-tempo. Acreditamos ter encontrado no estatuto de “imagem-perceptual” a inclinação materialista das imagens de Lumière, nas quais identificamos a extensão do universo material enquanto virtualização da matéria.
A epistemologia da comunicação entre mediação e interação
Authors: Nakagawa Regiane Miranda de Oliveira
Published: August 2016

Mediação e interação reportam-se a diferentes processos que, há muito, têm sido estudados. Por meio deles, seria possível depreender duas matrizes cognitivas que fundamentariam a epistemologia da comunicação. Esse é o foco da argumentação presente no livro Comunicação, Mediações e Interações, de autoria de Lucrécia D’Alessio Ferrara, bem como o cerne desta resenha, que ainda aponta a maneira pela qual tais referências podem ser relacionadas ao estudo da cidade e em que medida as questões epistemológicas discutidas pela autora abarcam não apenas o campo da comunicação, mas também a produção científica na contemporaneidade.
Two new planthopper species (Hemiptera, Fulgoroidea, Caliscelidae) collected in pitfall traps in Zambia
Authors: CHMUROVA LUCIA , WEBB MICHAEL D.
Published: August 2016

Two new species of planthoppers in the family Caliscelidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) are described from Zambia, i.e., Afronaso spinosa sp. n. and Calampocus zambiaensis sp. n. All specimens are flightless males and nearly all were collected from baited pitfall traps (except for one specimen collected from a yellow pan trap), suggesting that they live near to or on the ground.
Antibothrus morimotoi Sasaji, an Old World cocoon-forming beetle (Coleoptera: Coccinelloidea: Bothrideridae) newly established in North America
Authors: MCELRATH THOMAS C. , ANDROW ROBERT A. , MCHUGH JOSEPH V.
Published: August 2016

Antibothrus morimotoi Sasaji, a cocoon-forming beetle (Coccinelloidea: Bothrideridae) native to the Palearctic region, is newly reported from North America. In 2013 and 2015, several series of specimens were collected during an ongoing USDA/APHIS/PPQ exotic bark beetle survey in Franklin County, Ohio, U.S.A. This is the first confirmed record of the species and genus in the New World. The capture of these specimens suggests that the beetle is established in the greater Columbus, Ohio, metropolitan  area.
Impact of Assimilating Preconvective Upsonde Observations on Short-Term Forecasts of Convection Observed during MPEX
Authors: Coniglio Michael C. , Hitchcock Stacey M. , Knopfmeier Kent H.
Published: August 2016

This study examines the impact of assimilating preconvective radiosonde observations obtained by mobile sounding systems on short-term forecasts of convection. Ensemble data assimilation is performed on a mesoscale (15 km) grid and the resulting analyses are downscaled to produce forecasts on a convection-permitting grid (3 km). The ensembles of forecasts are evaluated through their depiction of radar reflectivity compared to observed radar reflectivity. Examination of fractions skill scores over eight cases shows that, for four of the cases, assimilation of radiosonde observations nearby to subsequent convection has a positive impact on the initiation and early evolution during the first 3–4 h of the forecasts, even for the smallest resolvable scales of the 3-km grid. For the four cases in which positive impacts near the smallest resolvable scales of the grid are not seen, analysis of the changes to the preconvective environment suggests that suboptimal locations of the soundings compared to the location of convective initiation are to blame. The aggregate positive impacts on forecasts of convection is more clearly seen when spatial scales larger than individual thunderstorms are examined.
A reanalysis of “Two types of asynchronous activity in networks of excitatory and inhibitory spiking neurons”
Authors: Engelken Rainer , Farkhooi Farzad , Hansel David , van Vreeswijk Carl , Wolf Fred
Published: August 2016

Neuronal activity in the central nervous system varies strongly in time and across neuronal populations. It is a longstanding proposal that such fluctuations generically arise from chaotic network dynamics. Various theoretical studies predict that the rich dynamics of rate models operating in the chaotic regime can subserve circuit computation and learning. Neurons in the brain, however, communicate via spikes and it is a theoretical challenge to obtain similar rate fluctuations in networks of spiking neuron models.

A recent study investigated spiking balanced networks of leaky integrate and fire (LIF) neurons and compared their dynamics to a matched rate network with identical topology, where single unit input-output functions were chosen from isolated LIF neurons receiving Gaussian white noise input. A mathematical analogy between the chaotic instability in networks of rate units and the spiking network dynamics was proposed.

Here we revisit the behavior of the spiking LIF networks and these matched rate networks. We find expected hallmarks of a chaotic instability in the rate network: For supercritical coupling strength near the transition point, the autocorrelation time diverges. For subcritical coupling strengths, we observe critical slowing down in response to small external perturbations. In the spiking network, we found in contrast that the timescale of the autocorrelations is insensitive to the coupling strength and that rate deviations resulting from small input perturbations rapidly decay. The decay speed even accelerates for increasing coupling strength.

In conclusion, our reanalysis demonstrates fundamental differences between the behavior of pulse-coupled spiking LIF networks and rate networks with matched topology and input-output function. In particular there is no indication of a corresponding chaotic instability in the spiking network.
Indicadores socio-laborales y viabilidad sectorial de la reducción del tiempo de trabajo en Gipuzkoa
Authors: Castrillón Serna Verónica , Zendoia Sainz Jose Mari , Bernat Zubiri Rey Jon
Published: August 2016

El objeto de este artículo es analizar la evolución seguida por la distribución funcional de la renta (o distribución de salarios y beneficios) y los costes laborales unitarios en Gipuzkoa a lo largo del periodo 1995-2012, de cara a justificar la viabilidad de una reducción del tiempo de trabajo. Con este fin vamos a presentar algunos indicadores socio-laborales, incluyendo en nuestro análisis tanto el último ciclo expansivo de la economía (1995-2007), como los cinco primeros años de la recesión iniciada en 2008. Nuestro estudio culmina con una desagregación por sectores económicos, lo que permite esclarecer aquellos que presentan un comportamiento más favorable al impulso de políticas de empleo en favor de la reducción del tiempo de trabajo.
Bioavailability pharmacokinetics and residues of marbofloxacin in normal and E.coli infected broiler chicken
Authors: El-Komy Ashraf , Attia Taha , Abd El Latif Amera , Fathy Hanem
Published: August 2016

The pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin was studied following a single intravenous, oral administration in normal broiler chickens and repeated oral administrations in normal and experimentally E.coli infected broiler chickens. The pharmacokinetic parameters following a single intravenous injection of 2 mg/kg b.wt., revealed that marbofloxacin obeyed a two compartments open model, distribution half-life (t0.5(α)) was 0.25±0.02 h, volume of distribution (Vdss) was 0.76±0.08 L/kg, elimination half-life (t0.5(β)) was 5.43±0.87 h and total body clearance (CLtot) was 0.09±0.002 l/kg/h. Following a single oral administration, marbofloxacin was rapidly and efficiently absorbed through gastrointestinal tract of chickens as the absorption half-life (t0.5 (ab): 0.62±0.02 h). Maximum serum concentration (Cmax) was 1.15±0.01 μg/ml, reached its maximum time (tmax) at 2.53±0.04 h, elimination half-life (t0.5 (el)) was 7.36±0.20 h indicating the tendency of chickens to eliminate marbofloxacin in slow rate. Oral bioavailability was 73.57± 1.90 % indicating good absorption of marbofloxacin after oral administration. Serum concentrations of marbofloxacin following repeated oral administration of 2 mg/kg b.wt. once daily for five consecutive days, peaked 2 hours after each oral dose with lower significant values recorded in experimentally infected broiler chickens than in normal ones. Tissues residues of marbofloxacin in slaughtered normal chickens was highly in those tissues lung, liver, and kidneys in chickens and the chicken must not be slaughtered before 3 days of stopping of drug administration. It was concluded that the in- vitro protein binding was 12.33±0.82%.
Analyzing the administrative effectiveness of the Turkish sports administration’s provincial structure according to personnel perspectives
Türk spor yönetimi taşra yapılanmasının yönetsel etkinliğinin personel görüşlerine göre incelenmesi
Authors: Koçak Funda , Sunay Hakan
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this study aimed to evaluate performed effectiveness of the Provincial Directorate of Youth Services and Sports (PDYSS) to promote sports in Turkey, in accordance with the perspectives of the personnel who are part of this structure. For this purpose, administrative duties of PDYSS were studied in terms of sports facilities, shareholders, provided services, budget and administrative structure. 1681 personnel, who work in PDYSS in 81 cities in Turkey, voluntarily participated in the research. As a result of the conducted analysis, while PDYSS personnel strongly agreed with the statement “it is important for PDYSS to control sports facilities in order to set the standards”, the statements “budget supplied by the Ministry of Youth and Sports for reaching PDYSS’ goals is sufficient” and “every department of PDYSS is well equipped in terms of providing opportunities to the local people from every walk of life” were the least accepted statements by the personnel. When the sports facilities, shareholders, provided services, budget and administrative structure dimensions were analyzed, it has been observed that according to the scale planning, participants have a positive evaluation on PDYSS’ current situation. In conclusion, PDYSS personnel think that PDYSS fulfill the administrative duties mentioned in the research, above the average level. ÖzetBu araştırma amacı, Gençlik Hizmetleri ve Spor İl Müdürlüğü’nün (GHSİM) yönetsel etkinliğinin, bu yapılanma içerisinde yer alan personelin görüşlerine göre değerlendirilmesidir. Bu amaçla Gençlik ve Spor Hizmetleri İl Müdürlüklerinin yönetsel görevleri spor tesisleri, paydaşlar, sağlanan hizmetler, bütçe ve idari yapılanma boyutlarında incelenmiştir. Türkiye’nin 81 ilindeki GHSİM’lerde görev yapan 1618 personel araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda GHSİM personeli “Spor tesislerinin standartlarının sağlanması için GHSİM’lerin kontrolünde olmaları önemlidir” maddesine en çok katılırken, “GHSİM’lerin amaçlarını gerçekleştirmek için Gençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı’ndan aldığı bütçe yeterlidir” ve “GHSİM mevcut organları toplumun her kesiminden yerel halka spor yapma olanağı sağlamada yeterli donanıma sahiptir” maddesi en az katıldıkları madde olmuştur. Spor tesisleri, paydaşlar, sağlanan hizmetler, bütçe ve idari yapılanma boyutları incelendiğinde, ölçek puanlamasına göre katılımcıların GHSİM’lerin mevcut durumunu olumlu değerlendirdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, GHSİM personeli, GHSİM’lerin görevlerini orta düzeyin üstünde yerine getirdiğini düşünmektedir.
Istota argumentacji teologicznej w bioetyce
Authors: Muszala Andrzej
Published: August 2016

W artykule autor podejmuje kwesti związku między bioetyką i teologią. Pokazuje, jak prawdy teologiczne i dogmatyczne mogą stanowić podstawę refleksji i orzeczeń w sprawach bioetycznych. Ukazane zostłay kwestię problemów bioetycznych w Biblii, przedstawiając niektóre fragmenty Starego i Nowego Testamentu, gdzie można znaleźć nawiązania do ludzkiego życia i śmierci (np Wj 21: 12-32; Job 10: 8- 12, Psalmy, Listy Pawła). Autor postuluje konieczność właściwej egzegezy tekstów biblijnych i ich dokładnej analizy z językowego punktu widzenia. Następnie pokazuje wkład Ojców Kościoła w kwestii rozwiązywania niektórych problemów bioetycznych, podkreślając znakomite refleksy Tertuliana w tej sprawie w swoich traktatach "Apologetic" oraz "O duszy". Następny odnosi się do dogmatycznych prawd, w szczególności takich jak: wiecznego aktu stworzenia Syna przez Ojca i wcielenia Syna Bożego.
Sakrament małżeństwa. Znak tego, co niewidzialne, choć realne
Authors: Bohdanowicz Andrzej
Published: August 2016

Sakramentalna transformacja miłości małżeńskiej nie eliminuje fizycznej relacje między małżonkami, która jest źródłem satysfakcji i szczęścia dla nich, ale przemienia ją w wymiarze duchowym. Małżonkowie mogą nauczyć się kochać, jednak tylko wtedy, gdy uda im się nawiązać intymną więź z Chrystusem. Podstawowym elementem jest afirmacja miłości ukochanej osobie i oferując jej własne zaufanie. Osoba kochająca prawdziwie w miłości nie szuka samozadowolenia, ale ma na celu dobrobyt współmałżonka. Taka postawa powoduje, że ich życie jest prowadzone w głębokiej wierze.
Małżeństwo - drogą świętości. Propozycje Ruchu Equipes Notre-Dame
Authors: Pluta Marek
Published: August 2016

Celem "Equipe Notre-Dame" jest pomoc parom w obszernym doświadczeniu sakramentu małżeństwa. Pojęcie małżeństwa, które można znaleźć w pismach założyciela - Caffarela - oraz w dokumentach Ruchu, skupiają się na trzech podstawowych zagadnieniach: miłości, sakramencie małżeństwa i świętości. Miłość małżeńska jest podstawą samego małżeństwa, pochodzi od Boga i prowadzi do Boga. Para ludzka jako ostatnie istoty stworzone przez Boga jest zwieńczeniem stworzenia. Są one również pełnym obrazem Boga, gdyż "Bóg jest miłością", a miłość jest relacją interpersonalną. Nie tylko sakramentalne małżeństwo jest obrazem miłości Chrystusa do Kościoła, ale również daje udział w tej miłości. Nierozerwalna jedność małżonków wypływa z sakramentu małżeństwa. Odzwierciedla on nieodłączny związek Chrystusa z Jego Kościołem. Łaska sakramentu małżeństwa nie ogranicza się do transakcji małżeństwa, ale w sposób dynamiczny wypełnia całe życie małżonków. Każdy chrześcijanin, niezależnie od ich statusu, jest powołany do świętości. W "Equipe Notre-Dame" możliwość uświęcenia poprzez małżeństwo jest silnie zaznaczona, a także udoskonalana jest na droga małżonków  do świętości.
Społeczno-ekonomiczna kondycja polskiej rodziny w pierwszej dekadzie XXI wieku
Authors: Majkowski Władysław
Published: August 2016

Funkcjonowanie rodziny i jej kształt są uzależnione od kilku czynników makroekonomicznych i strukturalnych do których można zaliczyć: system ekonomiczny, miejski styl życia, politykę społeczną. Taka sama jest sytuacja w odniesieniu do rodziny polskiej przełomu XXI wieku. Następujące czynniki są odpowiedzialne za jej stan i jej funkcjonowanie: zmaganie się z trudnościami gospodarczymi, bezrobocie, ubóstwo, ideologie antyrodzinne, emigracja zarobkowa. Czynniki te w przeważającej mierze określają stan polskiej rodziny na początku XXi wieku. Integralne elementy tego stanu to: ubóstwo wielu polskich rodzin, wysokie bezrobocie, niski wskaźnik urodzeń, dużea liczby niezamężnych osób (single), konkubinatu i rozwodów.
Rodzina w rozłące migracyjnej - eksploracja zjawiska i możliwe formy wsparcia
Authors: Młyński Józef
Published: August 2016

Rodzina to nie tylko podstawowa komórką społeczeństwa, ale także grupa podtrzymując ciągłość biologiczną. Nie ma społeczeństwa bez rodziny, a także rodziny bez społeczeństwa. Te dwie jednostki uzupełniają się wzajemnie wewnątrz i tworzą organizm mający na celu właściwego funkcjonowania rodziny w społeczeństwie. Rodzina jest związkiem życia i miłości, która spełnia podstawowe potrzeby człowieka. Niestety ostatnio rodzina przeżywa wiele trudności związanych z jej funkcjonowaniem. Aby utrzymać się na pewnym poziomie gospodarczym jej członkowie są zmuszeni do emigracji z powodu braku pracy we własnym kraju. Migracja przynosi zarówno chciane i niechciane rezultaty, ale jest o wiele więcej skutków negatywnych. Dlatego dzisiejsza rodzina potrzebuje pomocy - wsparcia ze strony innych instytucji: państwa, szkoły i Kościoła. Obowiązek ten powinien być szczególnie wypełniany przez państwo, którego zadaniem jest wspieranie rodziny np poprzez tworzenie nowych miejsc pracy. Musimy pamiętać, że człowiek "nie jest (...) tylko produktem warunków ekonomicznych, ale jako żywa istota potrzebuje godnego życia i samorealizacji we własnym kraju".
Po rewolucji seksualnej – czas na małżeństwo. Rozważania w świetle Familiaris consortio
Authors: Waluś Monika
Published: August 2016

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ukazanie przejawów kryzysu dotykającego współczesne małżeństwa, będącego skutkiem rewolucji seksualnej, emancypacji kobiet i zanegowania obowiązujących dotychczas wartości. Refleksje inspirowane obserwacjami zachodzących obecnie zmian w postrzeganiu duchowości małżeńskiej zaprezentowano w świetle Familiaris consortio.
Henri Joyeux, Szkoła życia i miłości. Dzieci i młodzież pytają, rodzice odpowiadają. Cztery rozmowy o ekologii seksualnej, tłum. D. Śliwa, Gaudium, Lublin 2011
Authors: Nizio Łukasz
Published: August 2016

RECENZJA: Henri Joyeux, Szkoła życia i miłości. Dzieci i młodzież pytają, rodzice odpo- wiadają. Cztery rozmowy o ekologii seksualnej, tłum. D. Śliwa, Gaudium, Lublin 2011, ss. 261.
Dobro rodziny kryterium zasady pomocniczości
Authors: Bortkiewicz Paweł Witold
Published: August 2016

Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie zasady pomocniczości w odniesieniu do rodziny. Zasada pomocniczości sformułowana została w encyklice Quadragesimo anno w 1931 r., znana jest też jako zasada subsydiarności, uznaje się ją także w kręgach pozakościelnych w przestrzeni regulacji życia społecznego. Określa ona właściwe relacje społecznych struktur mniejszych (rodziny) wobec większych (państwa). Rodzina ze względu na swoją specyfikę – strukturę oraz role społeczne (zwłaszcza wychowawcze) stanowi ze swej istoty społeczność apelującą o realizację solidarności i pomocniczości ze strony państwa. Szczególnym obszarem realizacji tej zasady wydają się działania wspierające rodzinę w jej dzietności, w polityce zatrudnienia i mieszkaniowej oraz w zakresie wychowania. Nie podejmując szczegółowej analizy tych płaszczyzn w warunkach polskich, można bez trudu zauważyć rozbieżność postulowanych zasad z aktualną polityką społeczną.
Systemowe rozumienie uzależnienia w rodzinie
Authors: Peć Bogdan
Published: August 2016

Uzależnienie jest chorobą wielowymiarową. Osoba zażywająca substancje psychoaktywne przeżywa wiele trudności intrapsychicznych, które motywują ją do podjęcia terapii odwykowej. Jednak w powstawaniu uzależnienia ważną rolę odgrywają relacje wewnątrzrodzinne. Analizując wiele przypadków pacjentów leczących się w Katolickim Ośrodku „Dom Nadziei” w Bytomiu, można określić swoisty model rodziny osoby uzależnionej. Terapia rodzin jest próbą analizy tego „patologicznego modelu”, a zarazem stwarza nową perspektywę, nową narrację funkcjonowania rodziny.
O (nad)używaniu przedrostka „post” w czasach (po)nowoczesnych
Authors: Stachewicz Krzysztof
Published: August 2016

Artykuł podejmuje problem współczesnego nadużywania przedrostka „post” w dyskursie z zakresu nauk społecznych i humanistycznych oraz w języku publicznym i potocznym. Zdaje się, że sytuacja człowieka epoki (po)nowoczesnej jest sytuacją postczłowieka, żyjącego w postrzeczywistości. Opisywane w artykule klimaty nie mogą nie wpływać na rozumienie, ale i przeżywanie rzeczywistości małżeństwa i rodziny. W każdym razie warto przyglądać się implikacjom płynącym z nadreprezentacji prefiksu „post” we współczesnych narracjach.
Governance of the table: Regulation of food and eating practices in residential care for young people
Authors: Byrne Deirdre
Published: August 2016

This paper explores how food and eating practices are governed in residential care for young people and who or what governs the table in residential care centres. The governance of everyday food and eating practices in residential care is multifaceted and conducted on multiple levels by external and internal authority and regulation. This paper draws on Coveney’s 2008 theory on ‘the government of the table’ that builds on the Foucauldian perspective of governmentality to explore the interplay between internal and external regulation, which in turn highlights the tensions between institutional and homely aspects of residential care. The approach taken involves an exploratory, sequential mixed-methods design of focused ethnography in five centres, a survey of ninety-two social care practitioners working in the field and a review of Health Information and Quality Authority inspection reports.
Etiopathogenic aspects upon distal tibia articular fractures
Authors: Serban Al. O. , Obada B. , Botnaru V. , Zekra M.
Published: August 2016

The paper propose a complex annalysis regarding etiopathogenic approach of the tibial pilon. The study was made upon the articular fractures of distal tibia, hospitalised and treated in Orthopaedic-Traumatology Clinic of Constanta Emergency Clinical Hospital, between 2007-2011, and consist of 245 patients. The lesional graduality will be found in the anathomoclinical forms of the fractures. The grade of soft tissue devitalisation will influence the local evolution and will promote the appearance and extension of skin necrosis in case of ireversible ischemia. In case of direct trauma, but with low energy or in case of indirect trauma, perifracture lesions are restrained and evolution can be favourable to cicatrization. The correct dyagnosis of these fractures are a mandatory stage of the presurgical planning and was made by annalysing the x-rays made in 2 incidencies, in emergency, and which were repeated when it was needed.

The lesional graduality of bone and soft tissue structures is direct proportional with the type of traumatic mechanism and with the level of energy which produced the fracture. The traumatic mechanism can produce lesional characteristics, by direct mechanism (work accidents, falling from high or same level) or by indirect mechanism with forces transmitted through talus (forced inversion/eversion).

The fracture type must be evaluated upon the clinical and prognostical criteria of AO and Ruedi-Allgower classification, which suggest the therapeutical manners too. The evaluation of soft tissues is made by the Gustilo-Anderson classification, the only one which can establish correctly the graduality and the severity of lesions.
Major drivers influencing adherence and quality of life during antiviral triple therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Suceveanu Andra I. , Mazilu Laura , Arama Victoria , Suceveanu A. P. , Parepa Irinel R. , Cenusa Alina , Catinean A. , Craciun L. , Voinea F.
Published: August 2016

Background & Aims. Triple therapy with Peg-IFNs, Ribavirin and protease inhibitors raise the treatment success for hepatitis C up to 83%, but also bring together with the significantly higher rates of sustained virologic response (SVR) more side effects, interfering with patient’s quality of life (QoL) and work productivity. We aimed to analyze the factors influencing the adherence and the QoL during triple therapy using Peg-IFNs, Ribavirin and protease inhibitors in 50 patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C with first line therapy failure. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyze determinants of retreatment initiation and treatment compliance, according to patient features. Results: We identified as major drivers of retreatment initiation the younger age, the female gender, the urban provenience, the high income, and the psychiatric and alcohol or drugs abuse history. The adherence and the QoL during retreatment therapy were similar, despite the regimen used, and obvious lower in patients with history of previous abandon, drugs and alcohol abuse or hematologic/ psychiatric decompensation. A lower capacity to work and a temporary withdrawal from job necessary to continue the therapy were seen similar in patients taking Boceprevir/Telaprevir. Abandon of therapy without a known reason was more frequent in males, with alcohol and drugs intake history, from rural region, with low income, and with psychiatric disturbances in personal history. Conclusion. Physicians should focus to develop medical strategies or drugs to increase the adherence and to provide a better QoL for patients with chronic hepatitis C making antiviral therapy.
Anatomical consideration of the number and form of the papillary muscle in the left ventricle
Authors: Gheorghitescu Ruxandra , Toba M. , Iliescu D.M. , Bordei P.
Published: August 2016

Our results were obtained by dissection of 56 cords, wich presented at the papillary muscle of the left ventricle, 106 muscular bodies and from those, 58 muscular bodies were for the anterior papillary muscle and 48 for the posterior papillary muscle. Anterior papillary muscle was studied on 32 cords, and the posterior papllary muscle on 24 cases. Of the 106 papillary muscles we analized, unique papillary muscle was incountered in 16 cases, 10 being at the anterior papillary muscle and 6 cases at the posterior papillary muscle..

The papillary muscle formed of two muscular bodies (double) presented a number of 64 muscular bodies, 36 being at the anterior papillary and 28 at the posterior papillary. In cases of triple papillary muscle, from 18 muscular bodies, 12 were from the anterior papillary and 6 were from posterior papillary. In the two cases of quadruple papillary muscle the 8 muscular bodies belonged to the posterior papillary muscle.

Amoung the total muscular bodies, most frequently they had a conical hape, aspect found in 67 cases, 33 cases being seen in the anterior papillary muscle and 34 in the posterior papillary. In 20 cases the muscular bodies were cylindrical, 18 cases were found in the anterior papillary and 2 in the posterior papillary muscle. In 10 cases the muscular bodies were arcuated, 4 cases being to anterior papillary and 6 cases to the posterior papillary muscle. In 8 cases the bodies were fusiform, 4 cases being to the anterior papillary and 4 to the posterior papillary muscle. In one case to an unique posterior papillary muscle we found a particullar form of the muscular body, wich we called „the torch“ or the „beacon“ that have the muscular body thinner at the lower half and the size increasing in width, reaching a maximum width at its upper extremity, from where are detaching four extra muscles that gave birth to beams of valvular chordage. In case of papillary muscles with two muscular bodies, they can sometimes be linked by a muscular bridge, transverse or oblique, making characteristical features. Thus, in 6 cases, the muscular bridges realized the H“ letter appearance, 4 cases being at the anterior papillary muscle and 2 at the posterior papillary. In 4 cases only at the anterior papillary the bridges formed „N“ letter aspect, 2 cases were at the anterior papilllary and 2 in the posterior papillary muscle. Also in 4 cases, the presence of the bridges acheve the appearance of reversed „N“ letter, 2 cases were in the anterior papillary and 2 in the postertior papillary.