bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social media markers to identify fathers at risk of postpartum depression
Authors: Shatte Adrian B. R. , Hutchinson Delyse , Fuller-Tyszkiewicz Matthew , Teague Samantha
Published: October 2019

Postpartum depression is a significant mental health issue in mothers and fathers alike; yet at-risk fathers often come to the attention of healthcare professionals late due to low awareness of symptoms and reluctance to seek help. The present study aimed to examine whether passive social media markers are effective for identifying fathers at risk of postpartum depression. We collected 67,796 Reddit posts from 365 fathers, spanning a six-month period around the birth of their child. A list of ‘at risk’ words was developed in collaboration with a perinatal mental health expert. Postpartum depression was assessed by evaluating the change in fathers’ use of words indicating depressive symptomatology after childbirth. Predictive models were developed as a series of Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers using behaviour, emotion, linguistic style and discussion topics as features. The performance of these classifiers indicates that fathers at risk of postpartum depression can be predicted from their prepartum data alone. Overall, the best performing model used discussion topic features only with a recall score of 0.82. These findings could assist in the development of support and intervention tools for fathers during the prepartum period, with specific applicability to personalized and preventative support tools for at-risk fathers.
MAKALAH PENOMENA PRILAKU BULLYING ANAK SEKOLAH
Authors: RUSMIATI DEDE
Published: October 2019

Lemahnya emosi seseorang akan berdampak pada terjadinya masalah di kalangan remaja, misalnya bullying yang sekarang kembali mencuat di media. Kekerasan di sekolah ibarat fenomena gunung es yang nampak ke permukaan hanya bagian kecilnya saja. Akan terus berulang, jika tidak ditangani secara tepat dan berkesinambungan dari akar persoalannya. Budaya bullying (kekerasan) atas nama senioritas masih terus terjadi di kalangan peserta didik. Karena meresahkan, pemerintah didesak segera menangani masalah ini secara serius. Bullying adalah suatu bentuk kekerasan anak (child abuse) yang dilakukan teman sebaya kepada seseorang (anak) yang lebih ‘rendah’ atau lebih lemah untuk mendapatkan keuntungan atau kepuasan tertentu. Biasanya bullying terjadi berulang kali. Bahkan ada yang dilakukan secara sistematis. Dari menjamurnya, kasus – kasus bullying yang ada di lembaga pendidikan di Indonesia khususnya lingkungan sekolah, penulis mengambil tema yang berkaitan dengan perilaku bullying di jenjang pendidikan.
PRILAKU SOSIAL BULLYING PADA PELAJAR
Authors: Susanti Yuliana
Published: October 2019

Budaya bullying (kekerasan) atas nama senioritas masih terus terjadi di kalangan peserta didik. Karena meresahkan, pemerintah didesak segera menangani masalah ini secara serius. Bullying adalah suatu bentuk kekerasan anak (child abuse) yang dilakukan teman sebaya kepada seseorang (anak) yang lebih ‘rendah’ atau lebih lemah untuk mendapatkan keuntungan atau kepuasan tertentu. Biasanya bullying terjadi berulang kali. Bahkan ada yang dilakukan secara sistematis. Dari menjamurnya, kasus – kasus bullying yang ada di lembaga pendidikan di Indonesia khususnya lingkungan sekolah, penulis mengambil tema yang berkaitan dengan perilaku bullying di jenjang pendidikan. Rumusan masalah dari makalah ini adalah 1) Apa yang dimaksud dengan bullying, 2) Apa jenis – jenis perbuatan bullying?, 3) Apa saja faktor yang menyebabkan perilaku bullying?, 4) Apa saja dampak yang didapat akibat dari perilaku bullying?, dan 5) Bagaimana upaya pencegahan bullying. Tujuan penulisan dari makalah ini adalah : 1) Untuk mengetahui apa yang dimaksud dengan tindakan bullying dan jenis – jenis perbuatan yang termasuk dalam tindakan itu, 2) Untuk mengetahui faktor – faktor penyebab tindakan bullying serta dampak yang diakibatkan dari tindakan itu, dan 3) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana upaya mengatasi bullying
税負担の転嫁と貨幣価値についての議論 / A Discussion on Tax Shift and Money Value
Authors: Tominaga Kazuto
Published: October 2019

Price rise caused by imposing a tax on a seller of a product means the falling of the purchasing power of money over the product, and the buyer pays the exact amount of money that have the purchasing power that can buy the product at that moment; therefore the paid price does not include any tax payment, or there never is "tax shift." Against this explanation, which argues that no tax can be indirect, the following argument has been given: the price rise of the product does not necessarily mean the rise of general prices, so the purchasing power determined by the general prices cannot be said to have been changed; therefore the extra amount of money paid by the buyer due to the price rise is an extra spending of value of that amount, or the buyer's tax burden. This paper shows that a vector, instead of a scalar, is needed to express the exact purchasing power of money in an economy, that to see if there is an extra spending of value in a particular transaction the purchasing power over the very product dealt must be used, and that thus there never occurs "tax shift" after all.売り手への課税で商品価格の騰貴が起きることはそのまま商品に対する貨幣の購買力の下落を意味し、買い手はちょうど商品を買える購買力を持つ貨幣量を支出するだけだから、税としての支払分はなく、税負担の転嫁は起きない。間接税の不存在を示すこの説明に対して、その商品の価格騰貴は必ずしも一般物価の騰貴を意味せず、一般物価によって定まる貨幣の購買力が変化したとは言えない、よって価格騰貴分の貨幣の支出はその分の価値の余分な支出であり、買い手の税負担である、という反論がある。本稿では、一般物価から定まる貨幣の一般購買力と特定の商品に対する貨幣の購買力は異なる概念であり、1つの経済において貨幣の購買力を正確に表現するにはスカラーでなくベクトルが必要であること、そして個別の取引で余分な支出があるかどうかを見定めるにはそこで取引される商品に対する貨幣の購買力を用いるべきであり、それによればやはり税負担の転嫁は起きないことを示す。
Who Has to Tell Their Trauma Story and How Hard Will It Be? Influence of Cultural Stigma and Narrative Redemption on the Storying of Sexual Violence
Authors: Delker Brianna C , Salton Rowan , McLean Kate C. , Syed Moin
Published: October 2019

Although survivors of sexual violence have shared their stories with the public on social media and mass media platforms in growing numbers, less is known about how general audiences perceive such trauma stories. These perceptions can have profound consequences for survivor mental health. In the present experimental, vignette-based studies, we anticipated that cultural stigma surrounding sexual violence and cultural preference for positive (redemptive) endings to adversity in the United States (U.S.) would shape perceptions. Four samples of U.S. adults (N=1872) rated first-person narratives of 6 more stigmatizing (i.e., sexual violence) or less stigmatizing (e.g., natural disaster) traumatic events. Confirming pre-registered hypotheses, sexual violence trauma (versus other types of trauma) stories were perceived as more difficult to tell, and their storytellers less likeable, even when they had redemptive endings. Disconfirming other pre-registered hypotheses, redemptive (versus negative) story endings did not boost the perceived likelihood or obligation to share a sexual violence trauma story. Rather, redemptive (versus negative) story endings only boosted the perceived likelihood, obligation, and ease of telling other, less stigmatizing types of trauma stories. Findings suggest that sexual violence survivors do not benefit, to the same degree as other survivors, from telling their stories with the culturally valued narrative template of redemption. Clinical and societal implications of the less receptive climate for sexual violence stories are discussed.
A Review of Popular Smartphone Apps for Depression and Anxiety: Assessing the Inclusion of Evidence-Based Content
Authors: Wasil Akash , Venturo-Conerly Katherine E. , Shingleton Rebecca , Weisz John R.
Published: October 2019

Smartphone applications for the treatment of depression and anxiety have acquired millions of users, yet little is known about whether they include evidence-based therapeutic content. We examined the extent to which popular mental health applications (MH apps) for depression and anxiety contain treatment elements found in empirically supported psychotherapy protocols (i.e., “common elements”). Of the 27 MH apps reviewed, 23 included at least one common element, with a median of three elements. Psychoeducation (in 52% of apps), relaxation (44%), meditation (41%), mindfulness (37%), and assessment (37%) were the most frequent elements, whereas several elements (e.g., problem solving) were not found in any apps. We also identified gaps between app content and empirically supported treatments. Cognitive restructuring was more common in depression protocols than in depression apps (75% of protocols vs. 31% of apps), as was problem solving (34% vs. 0%). For anxiety, exposure (85%, 12%), cognitive restructuring (60%, 12%), and problem solving (25%, 0%) were more common in protocols than apps. Overall, our findings highlight empirically supported treatment elements that are poorly represented in current MH apps. The absence of several core treatment elements underscores the need for future research, including randomized trials testing the effectiveness of popular MH apps.
Pre-peritonial Repair for Recurrent Inguinal Hernia after Tension free Hernioplasty
Authors: Poudel Suresh Raj , Gurung Narendra Vikram , Adhikari Dhruba Bahadur , Acharya Arjun , Shrestha Santosh , Gurung Amar , Shrestha Debendra , Poudel Amrita Ghimire , Baral Bishwo Raj , Baral Dilip
Published: October 2019

Background: Inguinal herniorrhaphy is a common general surgical operation. The repair of recurrent hernia is difficult surgery due to obscured and distorted anatomy and risk of further recurrence. The aim of this study is to determine the outcome in terms of operative time, hospital stay, return to work, complications and recurrence of open pre-peritoneal repair for recurrent inguinal hernias after Lichtenstein tension-free hernioplasty.

Materials and Method: It is a prospective observational study conducted at Western Regional Hospital, Pokhara from 2013 to 2016. A total of eight patients including referred from other centers were included. Pre-peritoneal repair was performed on recurrent hernias after Lichtenstein tension-free hernioplasty. Age, sex, operating time, hospital stay, time to return work, postoperative complications and recurrence of patients were noted. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS- 21. Patients were called for follow up in 2 weeks, 3 months and 12 months time.

Results: Out of eight patients, seven were male, one was female with mean age of 59.5 years. Recurrence was common on direct inguinal hernia (six patients) who had previous Lichtenstein hernioplasty. Mean operative time was 43.13 minutes (35 to 50 minutes), mean hospital stay was 2.5 days (2 to 4 days) and mean time to return to work was 8.12 days (7 to 10 days). There was hematoma formation in one patient.

Conclusion: Pre-peritoneal mesh repair is easy, safe, with less operative time, short hospital stay, low recurrence and complication rate for recurrent inguinal hernia after Lichtenstein hernioplasty.
Penile squamous cell carcinoma :a three-year study at BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital
Authors: Bastakoti Shankar , Bhatta Ranjan Raj , Jha Nandita , Shrestha Sadina , Paudel Amrita
Published: October 2019

Background: Penile cancer is an aggressive and mutilating disease which deeply affects self-esteem and daily life of the patient. Penile cancer mostly affects the elderly, seen in people in their sixties and seventies. Occurrence in younger age is a need of research of penile neoplasia in young non-circumcised patients.

Materials and Method: This is a three-year retrospective study. Data was extracted from the Department of Pathology and Medical Record section of B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital. All histologically proven cases were included. The objective of this study was to assess clinical histopathological profile of penile carcinoma.

Results. A total of 114 malignant cases were included out of which most common age group involved was 50-60 years with mean age of presentation being 51.6 years. Glans was the commonest site of involvement in 59 cases (51.7%). Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was the most common type (71%). Forty nine patients (43%) presented when the mass size was 4-6 cm and 44 (39%) came with 2-4cm and rest less than 2 cm. Lymphvascular invasion was seen in 15 (13%) out of 114 cases and perineural invasion was seen only in 5 (4.3%) cases. 20 cases (17.5%) had lymphnodes positive which are less than 5 lymphnode positive and five (4.3%) had more than 5 lymphnodes positive.

Conclusion. Early diagnosis and intervention of the patient ensure high probability of getting cured because the stage at presentation appears to be the most vital prognostic indicator for survival.
Analisis Teknik Defamiliarisasi dalam Novel Akar Karya Dewi Lestari
Authors: Nafi'ah Intan Zuhrotun
Published: October 2019

This research aims to reveal (1) technique of defamiliarization in the novel Akar  by Dewi Lestari; and (2) the function of defamiliarization. The theory used is formalism of Victor Shklovsky. Close reading is used for method in this research. The data used in this research is the forms of language in the novel. The source of data was obtained from the novel Akar by Dewi Lestari. The result of this research shows that there are three strategies in the novel, namely (1) the utilization of foreign language such as English, Thai, Khmer, and French; (2) the utilization of foreign terms in English and Thai; and (3) the use of Buddhist mantras to purify oneself and Buddhist mantras used when feeling marginalized. The defamilarization function in Akar novel is to add aesthetic value and to make readers more interested in reading.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan (1) teknik defamiliarisasi yang terdapat dalam novel Akar karya Dewi Lestari; dan (2) fungsi defamilarisasi dalam novel. Teori yang digunakan ialah teori formalisme Victor Shklovsky. Close reading digunakan sebagai metode untuk penelitian ini. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bentuk-bentuk bahasa dalam novel. Sumber data diperoleh dari novel Akar karya Dewi Lestari. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan ada 3 strategi dalam novel, yakni: (1) pemanfaatan bahasa asing yang berupa bahasa Inggris, Thailand, Khmer, dan Prancis; (2) pemanfaatan istilah asing yang berasal dari bahasa Inggris dan juga bahasa Thailand; (3) pemanfaatan mantra Buddha untuk menyucikan diri dan mantra Buddha yang digunakan saat merasa terpojokkan. Fungsi teknik defamiliarisasi dalam novel Akar ialah menambahkan nilai estetika dan membuat pembaca lebih tertarik untuk membaca.
Formulasi Romansa dalam Beauty Case Karya Icha Rahmanti: Kajian Sastra Feminis
Authors: Intan Tania , Handayani Vincentia Tri
Published: October 2019

This study aims to reveal the formulation of romance in chick lit Beauty  Case  (2005),  the  second  work  of  Icha  Rahmanti  after Cintapuccino  (2004).  The  methodological  approach  used  is  the study  of  feminist  literature  and  structural  analysis  methods. Because  chick  lit  always  discusses  women,  the  theoretical foundation  of  this  research  must  be  linked  to  women's perspectives,  includes  the  ideas  of  Radway,  Modlesky,  Gill  and Herdierckerhoff  who  were  used  to  explore  the  narrative  aspects of  romance  formulation,  which  included  plots,  characterization, and point of view. The results show that (1) although chick lit is a romance  subgenre,  the  novel  Beauty  Case  storyline  does  not follow  the  normative  narrative  standard  of  romance  because there  are  changing  plots.  However,  the  end  of  the  novel  follows the  romance  formulation,  which  ends  happily;  (2)  the  main female figure in the novel does not really make a search for true love, but rather searches for identity. In addit ion, the portrayal of male characters also does not follow the formulation of romance that has exemplary characters;  (3)  the storyteller in this novel is the first single person, the main female figure, with an  intimate, subjective,  and  limited  nature  of  storytelling,  according  to  the formulation of romance. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap formulasi romance dalam chick lit Beauty Case (2005), karya kedua Icha Rahmanti setelah Cintapuccino (2004). Pendekatan metodologis yang digunakan adalah kajian sastra feminis dengan metode analisis struktural. Karena chick lit selalu membahas perempuan, landasan teoretis yang menjadi kerangka penelitian ini harus dikaitkan dengan perspektif perempuan, di antaranya gagasan Radway, Modlesky, serta  Gill dan Herdierckerhoff yang digunakan untuk mengupas aspek-aspek naratif dari formulasi romance, yang meliputi pengaluran, penokohan, dan sudut pandang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) walaupun chick lit merupakan subgenre romance, tetapi alur cerita novel Beauty Case tidak mengikuti standar narasi normatif romance karena ada beberapa plot yang berubah. Namun demikian, bagian akhir novel ini mengikuti formulasi romance, yaitu berakhir dengan bahagia; (2) tokoh utama perempuan pada novel tersebut tidak benar-benar melakukan usaha pencarian cinta sejati, melainkan pencarian identitas diri. Selain itu, penggambaran tokoh laki-laki juga tidak mengikuti formulasi romance yang memiliki karakter teladan; dan (3) pencerita dalam novel ini adalah orang pertama tunggal, tokoh utama perempuan, dengan sifat penceritaan yang intim, subjektif, dan terbatas, sesuai dengan formulasi romance.
Nadahnuće i istina Svetoga pisma
Authors: Kalem Hrvoje
Published: October 2019

Promišljanje o nadahnuću i istini Svetoga pisma neizostavna je tema u gotovo svakom razdoblju crkvenoga učiteljstva i teologije. Prvi dio članka tematizira narav nadahnuća i način na koji se ono tumači upozoravajući na njegovo šire poimanje u kasnijim crkvenim dokumentima: dogmatskoj konstituciji o božanskoj objavi Drugoga vatikanskoga sabora Dei Verbum te osobito u dokumentu Papinske biblijske komisije iz 2014. godine naslovljenom Istina i nadahnuće Svetoga pisma. Riječ koja dolazi od Boga i koja govori o Bogu da spasi svijet. Članak upozorava na važnost nadahnuća kao nosivoga pojma za razumijevanje svetoga teksta kao uistinu Božje riječi u ljudskim riječima. S tom stvarnošću neodvojivo je vezana istina Svetoga pisma. U drugome dijelu članak pojašnjava da je istina koju trebamo tražiti u Svetome pismu te zbog koje ono postoji ona istina koja je u njemu zapisana radi našega spasenja, čime se izriče pozitivan stav glede teme istine Svetoga pisma. Ta je istina sva sažeta i u punini izrečena u osobi Isusa Krista, Očeva objavitelja i Spasitelja čovječanstva. Nadahnuće se pokazuje ao prikladan put za priopćavanje upravo te istine.
Priprema čitača za navještaj Božje riječi
Authors: Pažin Zvonko
Published: October 2019

U prvom dijelu autor ističe kako je navještaj Božje riječi sastavan dio bogoslužja u kojem se riječ i čin otajstveno ostvaruju. Zato je u Crkvi od početaka bila ustrojena služba čitača. Tijekom stoljeća tu su službu preuzeli zaređeni službenici. Nakon liturgijske reforme – s pojavom narodnoga jezika u bogoslužju – ponovno se uvode čitači. Autor zatim govori o daljnjoj i bližoj pripravi čitača za navještaj Božje riječi u bogoslužju. Daljnja priprava sastojala bi se od teološko-liturgijskih elemenata te od praktičnih vježbi čitanja. Predlaže se neakademski način priprave koji bi se sastojao od seminara i vježbi na osnovu pripravljenih materijala, što bi redovito bilo na nadžupnoj razini. Bliža priprava bila bi tjedni sastanak čitača u kojem bi se dao egzegetski uvod u pojedino čitanje, nakon čega bi slijedila vježba čitanja prema određenim pravilima. Na koncu autor problematizira neriješena pitanja u općoj Crkvi glede postavljenih (institucionalnih) službi čitača i čitača privremenim odabirom, (temporanea deputatione) jer se, u praksi, u institucionalnu službu čitača u nas redovito uvode samo kandidati za svećeništvo, dok su – pravno gledajući – čitači privremenim odabirom osobe koje godinama obavljaju tu službu.
Bibliodrama kao pastoralni izazov
Authors: Leutar Zdravka
Published: October 2019

U uvodnom dijelu rada donosi se povijesni prikaz nastanka bibliodrame. Bibliodrama je metoda grupnoga pristupa biblijskomu tekstu u kojoj se sudionici koriste dramskom kreativnom tehnikom i spontanošću radi individualnoga osvješćivanja i osnaživanja, izgradnje što kvalitetnijih interpersonalnih odnosa i zajedništva s Bogom i jednih s drugima. Ne postoji nijedna životna situacija za koju se u Bibliji ne bi moglo pronaći odgovarajuće životno iskustvo. Sudionici bibliodrame unose svoje životno iskustvo u biblijski tekst i produbljuju ga, duboko integrirajući vlastiti život i osvješćujući vlastitu stvarnost, te time postaju osnaženi. U radu se teoretski analiziraju različiti pristupi bibliodrami, osobito europski i američki. Nadalje se obrađuje sedam tipova bibliodrame i njihovi predstavnici. Bibliodrama se u Hrvatskoj u pastoralnom radu i u pomažućim profesijama primjenjuje od 2013. godine. U Hrvatsku je bibliodrama donesena iz Njemačke i to je vrsta bibliodrame proizišle iz psihodrame. Njezina struktura jest kako slijedi: Upoznavanje i zagrijavanje; Rad na životnoj strani; Rad s biblijskim tekstom; Rad na životnoj strani s pomoću uloga iz biblijskoga teksta; Integracija. U radu se analiziraju elementi navedene strukture s pomoću prikaza aktivnosti jedne sudionice u bibliodrami i pojašnjenja pojedinih elemenata. Vrlo je važno da voditelj bibliodrame poznaje psihodinamiku grupe koja može uvelike pomoći boljoj izvedbi bibliodrame, a može proizvesti i otpore i regresiju sudionika. Bibliodrama se u pastoralnom radu primjenjuje na svim dobnim skupinama, no najčešće se primjenjuje u grupama s mladima i djecom. Bibliodrama se može primjenjivati i u različitim skupinama unutar župne zajednice u smislu postizanja što kvalitetnije grupne kohezije i zajedništva. Moguće ju je primjenjivati i pri osnaživanju pastoralnih djelatnika i pri radu na sebi. Bitna dimenzija bibliodrame jest ta da uključuje cjelovitoga čovjeka na svim četirima razinama: kognitivnoj, emocionalnoj, duhovnoj i socijalnoj.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING POWER IN LEADERSHIP
Authors: Sarinah Sarinah
Published: October 2019

The aims of the study was to see the leadership style toward students’ performance as event organizer  of 'Economic Care Day' held by students. Quantitative becomes a method in this study. Meanwhile, data was analyzed with SPSS 19 tools using a simple linear regression test. Research Data was collected through observations, questionnaires and documentation. The research sample was students of Semester IV (four) class B in the economic education study program of STKIP YPM that contracted leadership courses. Based on data, it was known that the research results show that: there was a significant influence between the leadership style toward the student's performance in the events in the Economic’s Care Day. It can be seen from the ability of team leaders in establishing cooperation and coordination relationship with various parties, especially among the organizer team, in this matter was based on the ability of effective communication and team leader behavior. The regression coefficient was obtained at 0.77, meaning that any change in team leadership appears to clearly affect student performance as the event organizer by 77.0%.
Premises, Policies and Multilateral Whitewashing of Broad Security Doctrines: A Southeast Asia-Based Critique of “Non-traditional” Security
Authors: Allès Delphine
Published: October 2019

This article highlights the formulation of comprehensive conceptions of security in Indonesia, Malaysia and within the framework of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), well before their academic conceptualisation. These security doctrines have been the basis of the consolidation of state and military apparatuses in the region. They tend to be overlooked by analyses praising the recent conversion of Southeast Asian political elites to the “non-traditional security”? agenda. This latter development is perceived as a source of multilateral cooperation and a substitute for the hardly operationalisable concept of human security. However, in the region, non-traditional security proves to be a semantic evolution rather than a policy transformation. At the core of ASEAN’s security narrative, it has provided a multilateral anointing of “broad” but not deepened conceptions of security, thus legitimising wide-ranging socio-political roles for the armed forces.
Nanocellulose in polymer composites and biomedical applications
Authors: LU YUAN , TEKINALP HALIL LEVENT , EBERLE CLAUDE CLIFFORD , PETER WILLIAM , KUMAR NASKAR AMIT , OZCAN SOYDAN
Published: October 2019

Nanocellulose materials are nano-sized cellulose fibrils or crystals produced by bacteria or derived from plants. These materials exhibit exceptional strength characteristics, light weight, transparency, and excellent biocompatibility. Compared with some other nanomaterials, nanocellulose is renewable and less expensive to produce, and a wide range of applications for nanocellulose has been envisioned. The areas most extensively studied include polymer composites and biomedical applications. Cellulose nanofibrils and nanocrystals have been used to reinforce both thermoplastic and thermoset polymers. Given the hydrophilic nature of these materials, the interfacial properties with most polymers are often poor; thus, various surface modification procedures have been adopted to improve the interaction between polymer matrix and cellulose nanofibrils or nanocrystals. The applications of nanocellulose as a biomaterial also have been explored, including wound dressing, tissue repair, and medical implants. Nanocellulose materials for wound healing and periodontal tissue recovery have become commercially available, demonstrating the great potential of nanocellulose as a new generation of biomaterials.
Effect of silicon on properties of causticized calcium carbonate produced in wheat straw soda pulping
Authors: XIA XINXING , WANG XING , DU MINGZHU , LU ZHAOQING
Published: October 2019

Green liquor in the chemical recovery process of wheat straw pulping was treated with carbon dioxide to precipitate silicon. We report on the properties of causticized calcium carbonate (CCC) with different silicon contents, as well as its impact on paper quality when used as filler. The research results showed that silicon content had no significant effect on the crystal form of CCC, and all crystals were formed as calcite. Calcium silicate itself did not polymerize to form crystal in the course of causticization. Instead, silicon existed as a solid solution in CCC. The morphology of CCC changed gradually from amorphous to square with the decrease of silicon content. The brightness of CCC increased slightly and the average particle size tended to grow after removal of silicon. When 97% of silicon was removed and the average particle size reached 6.84 μm, the specific surface area and sedimentation volume decreased gradually as the desilication rate increased. When CCC was used as filler and silicon in CCC decreased, opacity remained nearly the same and brightness increased slightly; however, the Cobb value decreased significantly and the sizing efficiency obviously improved. When the silica content decreased to 3.2% the Cobb value was 27.7 g/m2, which reached the standard for fine paper sizing. The tear strength increased gradually, while the tensile strength decreased with the reduction of silicon.
Combustion properties of reduced-lignin black liquors
Authors: VÄHÄ-SAVO NIKLAS , DEMARTINI NIKOLAI , ZIESIG RUFUS , TOMANI PER , THELIANDER HANS , VÄLIMÄKI ERKKI , HUPA MIKKO
Published: October 2019

The growing interest in production of green chemicals and biofuels from biomass provides an incentive for pulp mills to identify new possibilities in recovering more wood components from the pulping process. One possibility is to use lignin, separated from black liquor. We undertook this work to determine the combustion properties of reduced-lignin black liquors—two kraft liquors and one soda liquor—in a laboratory-scale, singleparticle furnace. The combustion times, maximum swollen volume, nitric oxide formation, cyanate formation, and sulfur release were measured for the original liquors, the filtrates, and intermediate levels of lignin reduction. Combustion experiments were conducted at 900°C in 10% oxygen. Cyanate formation experiments were carried out by pyrolyzing the droplets at 800°C in 100% nitrogen to form a char. The chars were then gasified at 800°C in a 13% carbon dioxide/87% nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the smelt. Sulfur release was studied by pyrolyzing the samples at temperatures ranging from 300°C to 900°C. Liquors with the lowest lignin content had a smaller maximum swollen volume than the original sample. The devolatilization time was not affected by the lignin removal to any great extent, but lignin removal did have a clear effect on the char burning time. The amount of formed nitric oxide (g N/kg black liquor solids) remained constant or decreased slightly with increasing lignin removal in the kraft liquor samples, while for the soda samples the amount of nitric oxide formed increased. The amount of cyanate decreased clearly when comparing the samples with lowest lignin content to the original liquor samples. The peak sulfur release occurred at 500°C for both kraft liquors. In almost all experiments, the share of sulfur released was highest for the original samples and lowest for the sample with lowest lignin content. These results provide new data on combustion properties for reduced-lignin black liquors and indicate that for lignin removal levels up to about 20%, no significant changes are expected in the combustion behavior.
Del contenido al sentido: estereotipos de la vejez como prácticas discursivas
Authors: Sahagún Padilla Miguel Angel , Palacios Salas Pedro , Vitores González Anna , Mèndez Sánchez Cecilia , Hermosillo de la Torre Alicia Edith , Elejabarrieta Fran
Published: October 2019

Presentamos un esbozo de aproximación conceptual a los estereotipos a partir de una orientación praxeológico-discursiva. Para ello, hablaremos de la centralidad de la desigualdad que promueven los estereotipos, del carácter relativo de la valencia de los rasgos que los componen y, por último, de sus especificidades discursiva, demográfica y cotidiana en el caso de los estereotipos hacia la gente mayor. Posteriormente, señalaremos algunas implicaciones metodológicas de la aproximación descrita y algunas propuestas para su necesario desarrollo. Llevar a los estereotipos del contenido al sentido implicaría arribar al terreno del significado desde una orientación pragmatista, atenta a los usos y escenarios como elementos indisolubles.
¿Quién sobrevivirá? Algunas consideraciones sobre la oferta de formación en Psicología
Authors: Sánchez Bautista Juan Martín , Miramontes Zapata Silvia del Carmen , Ramos Basurto Sandra
Published: October 2019

Se han ofrecido algunas razones que hacían o hacen de la Psicología una disciplina imprescindible para la sociedad contemporánea, sin embargo, la realidad parece responder a esas consideraciones de una manera totalmente distinta a como se esperaba en primer lugar, dado que el mercado de trabajo nunca responde a la autovaloración de una profesión en función de: a) cómo es percibida por los propios profesionistas y b) de la necesidad social en función de los problemas que pudiera resolver. De este modo, el planteamiento de Herrera no deja de ser sino una visión romántica sobre por qué una profesión debe existir. El objetivo del presente texto es presentar un panorama del crecimiento de la oferta de formación de psicólogos y señalar algunos riesgos que esto conlleva.
El sistema modular, modelo universitario de articulación interdisciplinaria docencia-investigación-servicio
Authors: Mandujano Valdés Mario A.
Published: October 2019

Derivado de la coyuntura social y del contexto histórico-político en México durante 1970, surgió una serie de postulados sobre el papel de la universidad en la sociedad. Se ha considerado como modelo de formación el aprendizaje-servicio, permitiendo a los estudiantes aplicar los conocimientos al servicio de la comunidad como una forma específica y solidaria de intervención social, al mismo tiempo que les permite adquirir nuevos conocimientos y competencias profesionales en contextos reales de actuación, promoviendo la formación ciudadana activa y el aprendizaje de valores en la práctica. El sistema Modular de la UAM-Xochimilco se consideró un proyecto universitario que superó la orientación tradicional, enfatizando la capacidad de profesores y alumnos para construir conocimiento.
La maestría en Rehabilitación Neurológica, proyecto interinstitucional de formación interdisciplinaria en la prevención de alteraciones en el neurodesarrollo
Authors: Sánchez Carmen
Published: October 2019

El programa se estructuró integrando la docencia, investigación y servicio en torno a objetos problematizados o problemas concretos de la realidad, representados por el abordaje preventivo de las secuelas del desarrollo generadas por diversos daños al sistema nervioso en las etapas tempranas de la vida. La maestría se propuso reflexionar sobre el concepto de discapacidad, considerando al ser humano como la totalidad relacional que lo caracteriza por lo que no puede rehabilitarse por partes. El trabajo interdisciplinario se ha favorecido al considerar que la rehabilitación como práctica individual y social representa un campo que requiere la articulación de diferentes disciplinas involucradas en la comprensión y solución de los problemas que genera el daño neurológico en el desarrollo integral de un individuo.
La evaluación de competencias profesionales en un modelo de formación interdisciplinaria a nivel posgrado
Authors: Muñoz Ledo Rábago Patricia
Published: October 2019

Las políticas educativas se han estructurado en torno a la evaluación de su calidad, una de las dimensiones actuales más importantes en este proceso lo ha constituido el concepto de competencia, este ámbito utilitario centrado en la capacitación de los universitarios para el mercado laboral es cuestionado por visiones más integradoras derivadas de las filosofías del sujeto como agente activo en su proceso formador. Evaluar por competencias implica una estrategia que permita conocer la calidad del proceso y los logros alcanzados en el proyecto formativo, en este sentido, evaluar competencias, “es evaluar procesos en la resolución de situaciones-problema". Este trabajo presenta el diseño de un instrumento para evaluar las competencias que pretende formar un programa de posgrado a partir del modelo Xochimilco, en tres dimensiones o campos de acción profesional servicio, investigación y docencia.
Conflicto de pareja y su impacto en el retraimiento de niños preescolares
Authors: Flores Herrera Luz María
Published: October 2019

La prevalencia de problemas de salud mental en la infancia temprana y edad preescolar pueden propiciar problemas de retraimiento en el niño que de continuar se desencadenan padecimientos depresivos y suicidas, en etapas posteriores como la adolescencia y adultez. Uno de los principales factores que puede asociarse con el retraimiento, es el conflicto en la pareja. En este estudio se tuvo como propósito analizar tal relación,  los padres de 167 niños respondieron a dos escalas (CBCL y Conflicto en la pareja). Los resultados, revelan dos explicaciones: primera, el retraimiento infantil se relaciona significativamente en los padres que tienen conflicto (F(1,165)=3.668; p=.05); y segunda, al incorporar en el modelo predictivo sexo y edad del niño se incrementan las diferencias significativas (F(3,163)=5.979; p=.001). Los hallazgos son explicados tanto por el conflicto en la pareja (manipulación económica y agresión verbal) como, por características individuales de desarrollo (edad y sexo).
Análisis de los Estilos y Estrategias de Aprendizaje en Estudiantes de Psicología
Authors: Delgado Sánchez Ulises , Martínez Flores Fernanda Gabriela , Flores López Angélica
Published: October 2019

Los estudiantes universitarios desarrollan estilos y estrategias de aprendizaje idiosincrásicas. La evidencia con estudiantes de Psicología es limitada. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar estilos y estrategias de aprendizaje en estudiantes de Psicología de la UNAM-FES Iztacala y la UAEM-Campus Chamilpa, determinando el grado en que predicen el logro escolar de los mismos. Se aplicó el ACRA, que evalúa: estrategias cognitivas y de control, estrategias de apoyo y hábitos de estudio, y el CHAEA, que identifica los estilos pragmático, teórico, reflexivo y activo, a 300 estudiantes de UAEM y 336 de UNAM. Los resultados muestran coincidencias en estilos y estrategias, con diferencias significativas en el estilo teórico y las estrategias de apoyo, respectivamente. Se identificó una correlación positiva débil entre el promedio y el estilo activo (rho= .08, p=.02), y reflexivo (rho=.10, p=.01), así como una correlación positiva débil con la estrategia de apoyo (rho=.08, p=.04).
Role Conflict, Role Ambiguity, Independensi dan Kinerja Auditor
Authors: Effendi Bahtiar
Published: October 2019

This study aims to examine the effect of role conflict, role ambiguity, and auditor independence on auditor performance. This type of research is quantitative research. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with a sample of 35 respondents from 14 Public Accounting Firms in the Jakarta. The data analysis technique used in this study is a multiple linear regression using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 24 program. The results show that: role conflict does not affect auditor performance, role ambiguity does not affect auditor performance, and auditor independence do not affect auditor performance.
Faith in/as the Unconditional: Kant, Husserl, and Derrida on Practical Reason
Authors: Shaul Dylan
Published: October 2019

This article tracks Derrida's readings of Kant and Husserl as they explore the relation between, on the one hand, faith and knowledge, and on the other, theory and practice (theoretical and practical reason). Kant had to limit the scope of theoretical knowledge in order to make room for a practical faith in the rational ideas of the unconditioned (God, freedom, and immortality), generated through the unconditionality of the moral law. Husserl deployed the figure of ‘the Idea in the Kantian sense’ at those crucial moments in the exposition of his transcendental phenomenology where the unconditioned comes into play, a problematic strategy that Derrida judges to have revealed the limits of the phenomenological project. While Husserl's call for an unconditional theoretical and practical renewal of faith in reason appears to offer him an out, Husserlian faith is ultimately dependent on an untenable circularity, to which the Kantian variety also succumbs. Only Derrida's unconditional gift of faith can save the honour of reason from its mortal crisis, but in a manner that is itself not wholly a matter of reason.
Comparison of the Effect of Perennial Energy Crops and Arable Crops on Earthworm Populations
Authors: Feledyn-Szewczyk Beata , Radzikowski Paweł , Stalenga Jarosław , Matyka Mariusz
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the study was to compare earthworm communities under winter wheat in different crop production systems on arable land—organic (ORG), integrated (INT), conventional (CON), monoculture (MON)—and under perennial crops cultivated for energy purposes—willow (WIL), Virginia mallow (VIR), and miscanthus (MIS). Earthworm abundance, biomass, and species composition were assessed each spring and autumn in the years 2014–2016 using the method of soil blocks. The mean species number of earthworms was ordered in the following way: ORG > VIR > WIL > CON > INT > MIS > MON. Mean abundance of earthworms decreased in the following order: ORG > WIL > CON > VIR > INT > MIS > MON. There were significantly more species under winter wheat cultivated organically than under the integrated system (p = 0.045), miscanthus (p = 0.039), and wheat monoculture (p = 0.002). Earthworm abundance was significantly higher in the organic system compared to wheat monoculture (p = 0.001) and to miscanthus (p = 0.008). Among the tested energy crops, Virginia mallow created the best habitat for species richness and biomass due to the high amount of crop residues suitable for earthworms and was similar to the organic system. Differences in the composition of earthworm species in the soil under the compared agricultural systems were proven. Energy crops, except miscanthus, have been found to increase earthworm diversity, as they are good crops for landscape diversification.
A Study of Population Size and Activity Patterns and Their Relationship to the Prey Species of the Eurasian Lynx Using a Camera Trapping Approach
Authors: Tang Xiaoming , Tang Shupei , Li Xiaoyu , Menghe Dalai , Bao Wuliji , Xiang Changlin , Gao Fuli , Bao Weidong
Published: October 2019

Revealing the behavioral relationships between predators and their prey is fundamental in understanding the community structure and ecosystem functions of such animals. This study aimed at detecting the population size and activity patterns of Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) (along with its prey) by camera trapping monitoring from 2014 to 2017 at the Saihanwula nature reserve in central Inner Mongolia. The total effective trapping days were 29,892 and 20 lynx were identified from 343 trapping photos based on the inner side patterns of their forelimbs. The daily activity rhythms of the lynx overlapped with those of different prey in different seasons. The yearly activity pattern of the lynx was influenced by its main prey’s biology. In conclusion, this study reveals that the activity patterns of the top predator matched those of its prey in different time periods. Habitat management strategies promoting the restoration of prey communities would benefit the lynx in maintaining a stable community structure.
The Exploration of Natural Compounds for Anti-Diabetes from Distinctive Species Garcinia linii with Comprehensive Review of the Garcinia Family
Authors: Chen Ting-Hsu , Tsai May-Jywan , Fu Yaw-Syan , Weng Ching-Feng
Published: October 2019

Approximately 400 Garcinia species are distributed around the world. Previous studies have reported the extracts from bark, seed, fruits, peels, leaves, and stems of Garcinia mangostana, G. xanthochymus, and G. cambogia that were used to treat adipogenesis, inflammation, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Moreover, the hypoglycemic effects and underlined actions of different species such as G. kola, G. pedunculata, and G. prainiana have been elucidated. However, the anti-hyperglycemia of G. linii remains to be verified in this aspect. In this article, the published literature was collected and reviewed based on the medicinal characteristics of the species Garcinia, particularly in diabetic care to deliberate the known constituents from Garcinia and further focus on and isolate new compounds of G. linii (Taiwan distinctive species) on various hypoglycemic targets including α-amylase, α-glucosidase, 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), insulin receptor kinase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) via the molecular docking approach with Gold program to explore the potential candidates for anti-diabetic treatments. Accordingly, benzopyrans and triterpenes are postulated to be the active components in G. linii for mediating blood glucose. To further validate the potency of those active components, in vitro enzymatic and cellular function assays with in vivo animal efficacy experiments need to be performed in the near future.
Evaluation of Novel Chalcone-Thiosemicarbazones Derivatives as Potential Anti-Leishmania amazonensis Agents and Its HSA Binding Studies
Authors: Mendes Edinéia Pastro , Goulart Carla Marins , Chaves Otávio Augusto , Faiões Viviane dos S. , Canto-Carvalho Marilene M. , Machado Gerzia C. , Torres-Santos Eduardo Caio , Echevarria Aurea
Published: October 2019

A series of seven chalcone-thiosemicarbazones (5a–5g) were synthesized and evaluated as potential new drugs (anti-leishmanial effect). Although four of the chalcone-thiosemicarbazones are already known, none of them or any compound in this class has been previously investigated for their effects on parasites of the Leishmania genus. The compounds were prepared in satisfactory yields (40–75%) and these compounds were evaluated against promastigotes, axenic amastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of L. amazonensis after 48 h of culture. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of the intracellular amastigotes were determined to be in the range of 3.40 to 5.95 µM for all compounds assayed. The selectivity index showed value of 15.05 for 5a, whereas pentamidine (reference drug) was more toxic in our model (SI = 2.32). Furthermore, to understand the preliminary relationship between the anti-leishmanial activity of the chalcone-thiosemicarbazones, their electronic (σ), steric (MR) and lipophilicity (π) properties were correlated, and the results indicated that moieties with electronic withdrawing effects increase the anti-leishmanial activity. The preliminary pharmacokinetic evaluation of one of the most active compound (5e) was studied via interaction to human serum albumin (HSA) using multiple spectroscopic techniques combined with molecular docking. The results of antiparasitic effects against L. amazonensis revealed the chalcone-thiosemicarbazone class to be novel prototypes for drug development against leishmaniasis.
A Comparative Study of Microcystin-LR Degradation by UV-A, Solar and Visible Light Irradiation Using Bare and C/N/S-Modified Titania
Authors: Khedr Tamer M. , El-Sheikh Said M. , Abdeldayem Hany M. , Ismail Adel A. , Kowalska Ewa , Bahnemann Detlef W.
Published: October 2019

In an endeavor to tackle environmental problems, the photodegradation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR), one of the most common and toxic cyanotoxins, produced by the cyanobacteria blooms, was examined using nanostructured TiO2 photocatalysts (anatase, brookite, anatase–brookite, and C/N/S co-modified anatase–brookite) under UV-A, solar and visible light irradiation. The tailoring of TiO2 properties to hinder the electron–hole recombination and improve MC-LR adsorption on TiO2 surface was achieved by altering the preparation pH value. The highest photocatalytic efficiency was 97% and 99% with degradation rate of 0.002 mmol L−1 min−1 and 0.0007 mmol L−1 min−1 under UV and solar irradiation, respectively, using a bare TiO2 photocatalyst prepared at pH 10 with anatase to brookite ratio of ca. 1:2.5. However, the bare TiO2 samples were hardly active under visible light irradiation (<25%) due to a large band gap. Upon UV, solar and vis irradiation, the complete MC-LR degradation (100%) was obtained in the presence of C/N/S co-modified TiO2 with a degradation rate constant of 0.26 min−1, 0.11 min−1 and 0.04 min−1, respectively. It was proposed that the remarkable activity of co-modified TiO2 might originate from its mixed-phase composition, mesoporous structure, and non-metal co-modification.
Genomic Balance: Two Genomes Establishing Synchrony to Modulate Cellular Fate and Function
Authors: St. John Justin C.
Published: October 2019

It is becoming increasingly apparent that cells require cooperation between the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes to promote effective function. However, it was long thought that the mitochondrial genome was under the strict control of the nuclear genome and the mitochondrial genome had little influence on cell fate unless it was extensively mutated, as in the case of the mitochondrial DNA diseases. However, as our understanding of the roles that epigenetic regulators, including DNA methylation, and metabolism play in cell fate and function, the role of the mitochondrial genome appears to have a greater influence than previously thought. In this review, I draw on examples from tumorigenesis, stem cells, and oocyte pre- and post-fertilisation events to discuss how modulating one genome affects the other and that this results in a compromise to produce functional mature cells. I propose that, during development, both of the genomes interact with each other through intermediaries to establish genomic balance and that establishing genomic balance is a key facet in determining cell fate and viability.