bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Myopia: An alarming situation in near future
Authors: Ashraf Ali  , Humayoun Aroosa
Published: December 2023

Madam,
I am writing to draw attention to an issue that I believe is of great concern for our society: the alarming increase in cases of myopia due to excessive near work.
Myopia, or nearsightedness, when the eye has difficulty focusing on distant objects. The prevalence of myopia has been increasing rapidly worldwide, particularly in Asia, where it is estimated that up to 80% of young adults are affected. In the United States, the prevalence of myopia has doubled in the past 30 years.[1]
One major factor contributing to this increase is the growing amount of time people spend near work, such as reading, using computers, and playing video games. This kind of work requires the eyes to focus on close objects for extended periods, which can cause the eye to elongate and result in myopia.
The consequences of myopia are not only visual but also have significant impacts on quality of life. Myopia increases the risk of eye diseases such as glaucoma, cataracts, and retinal detachment, which can lead to blindness. It can also have a negative impact on academic and career opportunities, as well as physical and social activities. [2]
Get regular eye exams: Regular eye exams are crucial for detecting myopia early and monitoring its progression. It is recommended that infants have their first eye exam at six months, and then again at the ages of three and five, and every two years after that. Adults should have an eye exam at least once every two years, or more frequently if advised by their eye doctor.
Practice good visual habits: Good visual habits can help prevent myopia from worsening. This includes taking frequent breaks when reading or using electronic devices, maintaining a comfortable distance from the screen, and practicing good posture. You can also try doing eye exercises to strengthen your eye muscles.
Spend time outdoors: Studies have shown that spending time outdoors, especially in natural light, can help prevent the onset and progression of myopia in children. Aim for at least 2 hours of outdoor time per day.
A study by David A Wilson et al. showed that by 2050 there will be 1 billion people with myopia.[3]
Nowadays, our young generation is executively using smartphones and digital screens.
All ophthalmologist and optometrist are advised to know all the clints regarding close work to rest in between your work.
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From control to remission: Empowering change in type 2 diabetes care
Authors: Waseem Hassan , Bangash Asfand , Aamir Amna
Published: December 2023

Madam,
Pakistan currently ranks third globally in terms of its diabetic population, with approximately 33 million diagnosed cases of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Additionally, there are 11 million individuals living with impaired glucose tolerance and 8.9 million people in Pakistan are unaware that they have diabetes1. Poor dietary habits and sedentary lifestyles are the major factors contributing to Pakistan's high prevalence of diabetes2. Metformin is commonly prescribed as the leading therapeutic choice for type 2 diabetes, either as a standalone treatment or combined with insulin or other glucose-lowering therapies3. However, despite adherence to guidelines-based practices, a significant number of individuals fail to achieve remission in T2DM which has led to the exploration of alternative approaches.
The DiRECT trial, which primarily involved ethnically white participants, aimed to reverse the diagnosis of T2DM and restore normal metabolic features through a weight-loss protocol. Within 12 months, nearly 50% of the participants achieved remission to a non-diabetic state and discontinued antidiabetic medications. The trial also highlighted the significant role of visceral fat in the development and remission of T2DM 4. However, the trial's lack of South Asian participants and the well-documented variations in disease severity and average body fat levels between South Asians and other populations raised concerns about its relevance to this particular group. To address this, the STANDby trial was conducted which showed that the remission rates observed in UK-based South Asians were similar to those in white cohorts5.
These trials have demonstrated the possibility of achieving T2DM remission, particularly within the first six years following diagnosis. Given these findings, we propose that implementing this weight management program in Pakistan could be a suitable alternative to the current guidelines. This program effectively targets the key factors contributing to the high prevalence of diabetes in the country and emphasizes the importance of facilitating the remission of T2DM rather than just disease control. By addressing dietary habits, promoting physical activity, and targeting visceral fat reduction, this protocol can potentially bring about significant improvements in T2DM outcomes in Pakistan.
Quality provision in Pakistani health care system: insights into a major obstacle and the way forward
Authors: Hamza Khan  , Javed Ahmed Chandio  , Atif Bilal Shoaib
Published: December 2023

Madam,
Safety, cost-effectiveness, efficiency and equity are all components of quality healthcare. Key factors determining quality are’ and their families’ satisfactions and better disease outcomes.1 Doctors, paramedics, pharmacists, laboratory technicians, administrative staff, pharmaceutical companies, government agencies and policymakers are the caregivers who have an essential direct or indirect role in providing, sustaining and improving health care.1 A population's health is crucial to a state's stability and growth.
Quality in healthcare has been a subject of discussion across the globe for decades, with developed nations contributing the majority of its measures and recommendations6. In contrast it is still battling to fully establish and function in emerging nations like Pakistan. The health system in Pakistan comprises primary, secondary and tertiary health centres. The latter are found in a few urban cities and are run by both the public and private sectors. Private bodies include profit as well as welfare-based organizations.2,3
According to the WHO, on average, there are 6.3 hospital beds per 10,000 population in Pakistan, which is below its recommendation and much less  compared to other developing nations.2 Majority of the population reside in rural areas and thus their option in various illnesses is primary or secondary health unit.3 The major drawback in such centres is lack of attendance by doctors and paramedical staff, lack of competent clinician or general practitioner along with absence of equipment, state-of-the-art laboratory and latest treatment options, all contributing to delays in diagnosis and management.4,5 There is also a lack of patient registry, long-term follow-ups, appropriate and timely referrals to higher health care centre and disease discussion between clinicians.3 Due to such weakened basic units, many patients directly visit an urbanized tertiary health center, which is a major cause of overcrowding of our hospitals. Some break-through policies which could address this dilemma is giving incentives to the assigned staff, providing commute in case of long travels, improving the infrastructure and facilities within the centers, installation of biometrics and having regular audit of attendance, number of patients treated and medications provided. Conducting education seminars regarding work ethics would also contribute towards a professional working environment leading to better patient outcomes.3,4 Creating awareness regarding the responsibility and crucial role of general practitioners in primary and secondary health units along with recognition of their importance, would also help in diverting medical community towards opting for such roles.6
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The prevalence and risk factors of kidney disease in first degree relatives of patients with ESRD treatment – single center study
Authors: Abbas Rabeea , Elahi Tabassum , Manan Shumaila , Suraj
Published: December 2023

Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of kidney disease in first degree relatives of patients undergoing treatment for end-stage renal disease.
Method: The prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, from May 1 to July 31, 2021, and comprised patients undergoing treatment for end-stage renal disease at the pre-transplant out-patients clinic, and their first degree relatives. Risk factors of chronic kidney disease, including age, gender, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and the causes of index cases were investigated alongside proteinuria, haematuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Diagnosis was made according to the criteria of the National Kidney Foundation-Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative. The participants were divided chronic kidney disease group 1, and healthy group 2. The risk factors were compared between the groups. Data was analysed using SPSS 22.
Results: Of the 1,406 subjects assessed, 266(19%) were ESRD patients; 175(65.8%) males and 91(34.2%) females with mean age 34.04±11.19 years. 1,140(81%) first degree relatives of these 266 ESRD patient were assessed; 595(52.2%) males and 545(47.8%) females with mean age 36.78±13.76 years. Among the relatives, 146(12.8%) had chronic kidney disease out of which 54 (4.7%) were already aware of their underlying disease. Older age, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were among the risk factors for chronic kidney disease (p<0.05), while gender was not significantly different between groups 1 and 2 (p>0.05). The relatives of index cases with underlying stone disease were at higher risk of haematuria 39(22.4%), whereas the relatives of index cases with chronic glomerulonephritis were at higher risk of proteinuria 67(28.03%) compared to index cases of other kinds (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Screening in the high-risk population might help to identify early chronic kidney disease patients for making suitable interventions to prevent disease progression.
Key Words: ESRD, First degree relatives, CKD.
Diabetes and the prostate
Authors: Sanjay Kalra  , Nitin Kapoor  , Saurabh Arora
Published: December 2023

Here we discuss the interactions between prostatic health and diabetes. Diabetes may be associated with changes in prostatic anatomy, physiology, clinical morbidity, and clinical outcomes. Certain glucose-lowering drugs may impact prostatic health, and some prostato-tropic medications can influence glycaemic control. One should be vigilant for symptoms and signs of prostate health in diabetes.
Keywords: benign prostatic hyperplasia, erectile dysfunction, male gonad, male reproductive health, metformin, prostatic cancer, SGLT2i.
Prevalence and treatment of HIV/AIDS in Pakistani population: A retrospective study
Authors: Hafiza Tania Naveel  , Sabiha Gul  , Farzana Sadaf  , Ahmed Bokhari Syed Waleed , Sidra Afzal  , Abdul Wasay Mahmood
Published: December 2023

HIV/AIDS epidemic poses an emerging threat around the world. An estimated 0.1% of people aged 15 to 49 years have been infected with HIV/AIDS in Pakistan during the last few years. This research study aims to analyse the prevalence and treatment/management of HIV/AIDS among the Pakistani population aged 15 to 45 years from 1990 to 2020 and this research data was collected during the year 2021. The analysis was done by using E-views software. Descriptive statistical analysis, correlation coefficient, unit root analysis, and linear regression analysis were used. Results indicated that there is low awareness regarding AIDS in the population and there is a significant link between prevalence and population increase, i.e. with the increase in population the prevalence of AIDS also increases. Findings are discussed in terms of implications for prevention and education of HIV/AIDS in Pakistan’s population.
Keywords: Prevalence (P), Therapy (T), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
Mobile healthcare simulation units: a narrative review
Authors: Docherty Charles , Rajani Mehak , Shahpur Numair , Khalid Farah , Ukrani Ronika Devi
Published: December 2023

For healthcare professionals working and living in geographical isolation, there are few opportunities to maintain skills and knowledge, and to update theselves with recent advances in care compared to their city-dwelling peers. It is known that within a short period and limited practice, clinical skills erode. A mobile healthcare simulation unit provides high-quality, technologically-enhanced, convenient, and affordable training for healthcare professionals under expert supervision in any remote setting. The current narrative review was planned to summarise the outcomes and challenges related to developing and effectively utilising mobile healthcare simulation units as experienced globally. A literature search was performed on PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane databases for relevant articles published between 2000 and 2020, which resulted in 19 articles that were shortlisted and three major themes.
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Molecular Characterization of Haemoglobin E
Authors: Ejaz Sara , Ghulam Mustafa  , Khaliq Shagufta , Mohsin Shahida
Published: December 2023

Objectives: To detect mutation in cases having haemoglobin A2 level 7percent on high performance liquid chromatography.
Method: The cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted from July 2017 to December 2018 at the Department of Haematology and Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised patients of either gender with haemoglobin A2 7percent. The samples were collected from different cities of Punjab in collaboration with the Punjab Thalassemia Prevention Programme, Lahore. The samples were subjected to complete blood count and high performance liquid chromatography using automated haematology analysers and a beta thalassemia short programme, respectively. To analyse haemoglobin E mutations at the molecular level, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR_RFLP) was performed using a type IIS restriction endonuclease known as Mnl1 (derived from Moraxella nonliquefaciens) to cleave DNA at specific sites and the results were further confirmed on randomly selected samples using Sanger sequencing. Data was analysed using SPSS 25.
Results: Of the 39 patients, 15(38.5percent) were males and 24(61.5percent) were females. The overall median age was 14 (23) years. There were 29 (74.4percent) patients a thalassemia family history, and 22(56.4percent) had a positive family history of transfusion related to thalassemia, while no patient had a family history of iron therapy. The media haemoglobin A, haemoglobin A2 and haemoglobin F levels were 72.2 (65.2-79.1) percent, 26.6 (19.1-34.0) percent and 0.9 (-0.8-2.6) percent, respectively. After molecular investigation, HbAE mutation was found in 23(59percent) patients, while wild type HbAA genotype was found in 16(41percent). The heterozygous HbE mutation was present in 23(59percent) patients.
Conclusions: Frequently missed/undiagnosed cases of haemoglobin E that co-elute with haemoglobin A2 in the same high performance liquid chromatography window were detected among those with haemoglobin A2 7percent.
Key Words: Haemoglobin E, Beta-thalassemia, High performance liquid chromatography, Restriction fragment length polymorphism.
Gonadotropin independent sexual precocity in a Pakistani male infant from an activating mutation in LHCGR gene
Authors: Ayesha Shahid  , Noor Ibrahim Mohsina
Published: December 2023

A male child, aged seven months, visited the out patients clinic of the National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, in May 2020 with the features of iso-sexual puberty. After ruling out the more common causes of early puberty, like congenital adrenal hyperplasia and tumours secreting chorionic gonadotropin hormone, hormonal assessment indicated raised testosterone independent of gonadotropin. The volume of the testicles was symmetric and testicular ultrasonography revealed no mass. Genetic analysis for the LHCGR gene was performed for confirmation which revealed activating heterozygous missense pathogenic mutation in c.1732G>T (p.Asp578Tyr). This is the first reported case of testotoxicosis (FMPP) from Pakistan which was genetically confirmed.
Keywords: Testosterone, Puberty, Gonadotrophins, Mutation, Genetic.
Psychological aftermaths of Covid-19: a study of diagnosed and never diagnosed adults
Authors: Sadiq Riffat
Published: December 2023

A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted from March 2021 to May 2022 in Faisalabad district, Pakistan, to rule out the prevalence and comparison of psychological aftermaths of Covid-19 pandemic for adults with and without a diagnosis for the disease. For data collection, a sample of 218 individuals was recruited through purposive sampling technique. Participants, with and without the diagnosis of Covid-19, experienced significant depression, anxiety, stress, and somatic symptoms amid the pandemic. Further analysis revealed that adults diagnosed with Covid-19 significantly reported more depression (t= 2.76, df = 216, p = .006, Cohen’s d=0.37), more stress (t= 3.08, df = 216, p = .002, Cohen’s d= 0.41), and more somatic symptoms (t= 10.83, df = 216, p =.000, Cohen’s d= 1.46) as compared to adults who were not diagnosed with the disease.
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Chat GPT and its potential role in medicine
Authors: Nazir Fatima , Jawed Shafaq , Syed Maaz Tariq
Published: December 2023

Dear Editor,
Since the dawn of the technological revolution, natural language processing (NLP) has been an interesting prospect for different professions. Chat GPT, a system developed by open artificial intelligence (AI), is the latest innovation that generates text in a human-like language format. It is considered to have learned the entire internet, enabling it to create responses containing almost accurate information in answer to the prompt provided by the user1. In this letter, we would like to discuss some key areas where chat GPT can play its role in medicine.
Cancer is a global healthcare crisis where a vast amount of money is annually spent, search of cure and drug development. Improvements in cancer therapeutics have increased life expectancy, which has resulted in patients requiring extended support and monitoring thereby increasing the load of healthcare professionals. In this scenario, chat GPT based chatbots which are automated artificial intelligence tools that can serve as an intermediate element between doctors and patients. They can facilitate history taking, especially of sensitive and intimate details that patients might be shy of talking about. On the other hand, these chatbots could help in decreasing costs and burdens related to healthcare resources. It can also reduce the workload of doctors by reducing the number of minor consultations which can be done by the artificially intelligent chatbot and allow the resources to be directed towards more sicker patients who might need more attention and care2.
The pandemic has made the world realize the importance of remote diagnostic systems, which are not only fast, reliable, and pocket friendly but have also increased access of healthcare to disadvantaged populations. NLP systems make use of linguistics analysis and deep learning to obtain vital information from a patient prompt detailing symptom, their onset, and demographic details (3). Chat GPT works via language processing can be linked to a text messaging system where the patient can provide their details and it would suggest possible diagnoses and recommend if the patient should visit a doctor or the symptoms would go away with home remedy/over-the-counter medications. This would be possible by training the algorithm on a larger set of medical data and human surveillance to improve efficacy over a period of time. This potentially would decrease the burden of primary care providers and benefit a larger population.
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Efficacy of gender-affirming therapy for transgender people in Pakistan
Authors: Saqib Alizeh , Huzaifa Saqib
Published: December 2023

Dear Editor,
According to the 2017 census of Pakistan, the transgender population has been estimated to be around 10,000. In contrast transgender activists speculate that the number may be closer to 300,000.1 Regardless of the number, the controversy surrounding transgenders, and their healthcare, has risen to the forefront of our society in the past several years. This was further fueled by the Transgender Rights Act of 2018 in Pakistan, which promised access to gender-affirming healthcare.
The importance of providing gender-affirming healthcare to transgender individuals is underscored by the potential positive impact on their mental health, as demonstrated by studies conducted in the US. These studies have shown improved mental health outcomes, such as decreased suicidality and psychological distress, for transgender people who are undergoing, or have experienced, certain procedures.2, 3 These procedures, in the US, involve psychological help, gender-affirming hormones, surgery, and puberty blockers.4
Despite the 2018 bill’s promise to deliver trans-centred healthcare, a thorough investigation of the current literature reveals that no studies regarding the efficacy of these treatments have been conducted on the transgender population of Pakistan. While the validity of US-centred studies isn’t denied, Pakistan’s social and religious climate may demonstrate differing effects on their mental health. The quality of healthcare is further questioned after the proposed changes to the Transgender Persons Rights Act of 2018. These amendments would replace the term “transgender” with “intersex”,5 excluding transgender people with unambiguous genitalia and drastically reducing their access to healthcare.
As the social climate heats up, trans people risk further discrimination. Therefore, it’s essential that researches be conducted to observe and test the impact of the current healthcare on transgender people, as it would highlight any gaps in the medical understanding of gender dysphoria, offer constructive criticism to help improve the state of healthcare, reduce healthcare discrimination, and aid the passing of more inclusive laws.
We hope that studies will be undertaken on this issue to eventually create a healthier, safer space for transgender population.
Tailoring medical treatment in Pakistan: The promise of precision medicine
Authors: Arbi Fawad Mueen
Published: December 2023

Madam,
I am writing to discuss the rapidly evolving field of precision medicine (PM), an exciting and highly relevant topic that has garnered increasing attention in Pakistan in recent years. PM is an approach that considers individual differences in genetics, environment, and lifestyle to tailor medical treatment for each patient, rather than relying on a one-size-fits-all approach1.
There are several potential benefits of PM for patients in Pakistan. By tailoring treatments to individual needs, PM can lead to more effective treatments and improved patient outcomes. For instance, a recent study found that PM approaches resulted in better outcomes for patients with head and neck cancer2. We can also see big applications of PM in diabetes, which is quite a common disease in Pakistan. PM can revolutionize diabetes care by utilizing genetics to inform diagnosis, therapy, drug dosage, monitoring, and treatment of complications, while it may not yet be widely used, it is expected to become a routine aspect of diabetes care in the near future3. In addition, PM can reduce healthcare costs in the long run by avoiding unnecessary treatments and hospitalizations4.
Despite these benefits, the adoption of PM in Pakistan is still in its early stages. There is progress to be made in implementing PM in the country, and several challenges must be overcome such as investment in the infrastructure, training, research, and development required to make PM more widely available and affordable. One big issue regarding PM is its role in the public health domain, as public health experts have expressed doubts about prioritizing individualized approaches for treating sick individuals instead of population-based prevention programs that consider broader factors affecting health like behavior, environment, and society5. But populations managed by PM contribute to a vast amount of data with their unique genetic and socioeconomic traits. Through the analysis of this data using more modern technology, such as machine learning, high risk people may be predicted, which is a game-changer for public health6.
To achieve this reality of PM, there is a need to invest in infrastructure, training, and research in this field. In conclusion, PM has the potential to revolutionize healthcare by providing personalized treatment options based on individual factors such as genetics and lifestyle. While there are challenges to implementing PM in LMICs, the field is advancing rapidly, and ongoing research is providing hope for the bright future of personalized medicine in Pakistan.
Model of Homeless Former Prisoner’s Life Experiences and Basic Needs: A Theoretical Paper
Authors: Jasni Mohd Alif
Published: December 2023

Studies on former prisoners who end up homeless are relatively new in Malaysia, although the phenomenon itself has been around since the advent of prison institutions. Most former prisoners live in the city and rely mostly on individual or community sympathy to survive. Former prisoners are the most marginalised group in the stratification of marginalised communities in Malaysia. This theoretical paper was written solely using data gathered via library research methods, conducted by examining the documents and web pages to support the discussion throughout this study. The issue of homeless former prisoners is not widely discussed. As a result, no specific research has focused on the problem of homelessness among former prisoners. It is hoped that this theoretical paper will serve as a guide to improve some existing policies to provide more appropriate social interventions to help this group. This model can be a guideline in drafting a better policy in making sure the welfare of this marginalised community. Like all citizens, former prisoners who are homeless also deserve to have their basic rights acknowledged and protected. It is the researcher's hope that through this paper, the 'justice and welfare' of this group is upheld.
The Links Between Demographic Factors and Financial Literacy Among Youths
Authors: Ahmad Kamilah , Mohamed Zabri Shafie
Published: December 2023

There is a prevalent effort to increase financial literacy among youth due to increasing concerns over debt and bankruptcy. The issue becomes more pronounced for working youth due to their early financial responsibilities and lack of financial knowledge. Hence, the objective of this study is to assess the level of financial literacy among youth and investigate the association between financial literacy and their characteristics. A survey was administered to a sample of employed youth in Malaysia, with a focus on those between the ages of 18 and 35. The analysis of the 188 responses indicates that the participants possess an adequate level of financial literacy. The findings indicate that age, income level, number of dependent children, employment status, and number of credit cards have positive and significant correlations with financial literacy. This research study presents additional empirical findings about financial literacy and offers interesting insights towards the enhancement of financial literacy among youth in developing countries.
Comparison between Elderly Attenders and Non-Attenders of Pusat Aktiviti Warga Emas in Sarawak
Authors: Hamidi Izzaty , Stephen Jeffery , Sahak Noorzilawati
Published: December 2023

Malaysia is not left behind as it is going towards becoming an aging nation. Currently, there are 10.7% of the population who are above 60 years old which is equivalent to 3.5 million of elderly people and this is expected to rise in the near future. The objective of this research is to compare the quality of life, activities of daily living, cognitive function and depression between elderly attenders and non-attenders of Pusat Aktiviti Warga Emas (PAWE). In this cross-sectional study, a total of 735 elderly participated where 101 elderly who attended PAWE and the remaining 634 elderly did not attend PAWE. Older People’s Quality of Life (OPQOL), Prospective Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Katz Activities of Daily Living and Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living were used as study instruments. The statistical analysis involved were Pearson’s correlation, independent t-test, Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and multiple group analysis. Household income and activities of daily living have shown positive correlation with quality of life. Cognitive function and depression correlated negatively with quality of life. Based on PLS-SEM, there was better quality of life, activities of daily living, cognitive function, and lesser depressive symptoms among elderly PAWE attenders. The findings obtained from this study will be able to support the planning and future programs of expanding senior activity centres such as PAWE as it promotes healthy ageing among elderly people.
BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS WITH AN INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL NON-LOCAL CONDITION FOR COMPOSITE TYPE DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF THE FOURTH ORDER
Authors: Kozhanov A.I. , Kenzhebay Kh.
Published: December 2023

The paper studies new nonlocal boundary value problems with an integro-differential boundary condition for unsteady differential equations of the Sobolev type of the fourth order. The peculiarity of the studied problems is that they contain derivatives both in spatial variables and derivatives in time variables in the boundary condition. For the problems under study, the existence and uniqueness theorems of regular solutions are proved – solutions having all derivatives generalized by S.L. Sobolev included in the corresponding equations.
EQUILIBRIUM PROBLEM FOR A TIMOSHENKO PLATE CONTACTING BY THE SIDE AND FACE SURFACES
Authors: Lazarev N.P. , Nikiforov D.Y. , Romanova N.A.
Published: December 2023

A new model for a Timoshenko plate contacting by the side surface or the edge of the bottom surface (with respect to the chosen coordinate system) with a rigid obstacle of a given configuration is justified. The non-deformable obstacle is defined by a cylindrical
surface, the generators of which are perpendicular to the middle plane of the plate, as well as by a part of the plane that is parallel to the middle plane of the plate. A corresponding variational problem is formulated as a minimization of an energy functional over a non-convex set of admissible displacements. The set of admissible displacements is defined taking into account a condition of fixing and a nonpenetration condition. The nonpenetration condition is given as a system of inequalities describing two cases of possible contacts of the plate and the rigid obstacle. Namely, these two cases correspond to different types of contacts by the plate side edge and by the edge of the plate bottom surface. The solvability of the problem is established. In particular case, when contact zones is previously known, an equivalent differential statement is found under the assumption of additional regularity for the solution to the variational problem.
Effect of Food Processing Methods on Nutrient Retention in India
Authors: Parvati Aditi
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate effect of food processing methods on nutrient retention in India

Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.

Findings: Research on the effect of food processing methods on nutrient retention in India has shown that traditional processing techniques like sun drying and fermentation are commonly employed. These methods can lead to significant nutrient losses, particularly in heat-sensitive vitamins. However, studies have also indicated that innovative approaches, such as vacuum drying and freeze-drying, can help preserve nutrients more effectively in certain Indian food products. Overall, there is a need for further research to optimize processing methods and adapt them to traditional Indian cuisines to enhance nutrient retention and improve the nutritional quality of processed foods in the country.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: the kinetic theory of quality, the nutrient density theory & the bioavailability theory may be used to anchor future studies on effect of food processing methods on nutrient retention in India. Food processors should optimize processing parameters, such as temperature, time, and pressure, to maximize nutrient retention while ensuring food safety and quality. Policymakers should consider regulations that require clear and accurate nutrition labeling on processed foods.
Customer Satisfaction Analysis of Project Performance at PUPRKIM Bali Province
Authors: Astana I Nyoman Yudha , Hidayati Anissa Maria , Sastra I Nyoman Gede Sadu
Published: December 2023

One factor that has a significant impact on customer satisfaction is project performance. A government agency that also serves as a client for infrastructure development is the PUPRKIM. The objectives of this study are to identify the project performance factors at the PUPRKIM of Bali Province, to ascertain the relationship between project performance and customer satisfaction at the PUPRKIM of Bali Province, and the contractor's efforts to raise customer satisfaction at the owner. Customers at the PUPRKIM in Bali Province as a respondent comprised of 45 contract signing officers, board coordinators, and board members made up the research sample. Questionnaires were used during the data collection process. Factor analysis and partial least squares analysis of structural equation models are data processing techniques. The test results demonstrate that: the contractor's efforts to increase customer satisfaction by enhancing project performance; project performance has a positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction; and project performance has a positive and significant impact on contractor planning and strategy, worker capabilities, and supporting materials and equipment. The capacity of the contractor's workforce, human resources, and auxiliary supplies and equipment needs to be strengthened.
Implementasi Zakat Produktif Dan Konsumtif Dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Ekonomi Mustahik
Authors: Umar Umar , Luthfi Mukhtar , Ambo Rahman
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to describe the implementation of productive and consumptive zakat in improving the economic welfare of mustahik in Baznas Sidrap South Sulawesi in terms of distribution patterns, program effectiveness, and supporters and obstacles. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with observation, interview, and documentation methods. Furthermore, the data obtained will be analyzed through syar'i and juridical approaches. The results of this study show that: 1) The pattern of zakat distribution in Baznas Sidrap uses two patterns, namely productive and consumptive distribution. 2) Baznas Sidrap programs, namely: first, Sidrap Cares, namely basic food assistance, house assistance worth 50 million, mass circumcision, funeral benefits, victims of natural disasters, house renovations, and distribution of aid to Muallaf. Second, Sidrap Cerdas is assistance for completing studies, mosque councils, funds to Al-Azhar Cairo, and honorary funds. Third, Sidrap Mandiri is business capital assistance and tools for business. Fourth, Sidrap Sehat is medical funding assistance and clinic creation. Fifth, Religious Sidrap is assistance for zakat and waqf counseling activities, religious competitions, santri days, and STQH activity funds. 3) Supporters of productive and consumptive zakat are the many potentials of zakat and are supported by the government. The obstacles are that public understanding of zakat is still lacking, lack of public trust in Baznas, locations that are difficult to reach, and zakat funds are still low.
Penggunaan Obat Hisap Bagi Penderita Asma Pada Waktu Berpuasa Dalam Kajian Filsafat Hukum Islam
Authors: Ilham Ilham al-basowi al basowi , Busyro Busyro Busyro
Published: December 2023

People with asthma really need inhalers to support their health. Contemporary fiqh experts differ in two opinions regarding the law of using this inhaler while fasting, whether it breaks the fast so it is mandatory to replace the fast or not. This research is classified as library research, data was collected by quoting and analyzing sources from books or literature that can support the discussion. This. The aim of this research is to find out the Islamic legal philosophy of using inhalants for asthma sufferers when fasting. So the philosophy of Islamic law regarding the use of inhalation drugs. Ulama who are of the opinion that using inhalation drugs breaks the fast, there are those who do not break the fast, scholars who are of the opinion that breaking the fast and not breaking the fast make ijtihad using the maqasid daruriyah method, they differ in their view of whether the inhalation enters the throat, or not
Analisis Historis Kebijakan Umar bin Abdul Aziz dalam Pengelolaan Zakat
Authors: Al Manaanu Yusuf , Jamal Mulyono , Nugroho Triono , Muttaqi Roqi
Published: December 2023

Umar bin Abdul Aziz (717 AD) is a caliph who should be remembered in history, especially in the management of zakat. During his leadership, zakat management underwent a very impressive reform. All types of assets owned by the people must be subject to zakat. The system and management of zakat were handled very professionally at that time. The types of assets and assets that are subject to zakat are becoming increasingly diverse. Umar bin Abdul Aziz was the first person obliged to issue zakat from assets from business income or service results, including salaries, honoraria, income from various professions, and various other mustafad malls. So, during his sovereignty, very abundant zakat funds were stored in Baitul Mal. Even the amil zakat officers find it difficult to find the poor who will be given zakat. Several factors influenced the success of zakat management and management during the time of Umar ibn Abdul Aziz. First, there is mutual awareness and maximum empowerment of Baitul Mal. Second, the responsibility of a leader is supported by the awareness of the people in creating solidarity, welfare, and empowerment among the people. Third, awareness of muzakki (zakat payers) who are relatively capable materially and have high loyalty for the benefit of the people.
A comprehensive study on prevalence of cyberbullying and its impact on youths and adults
Authors: Javed Nashra , Ahmed Tasneem , Faisal Mohammad
Published: December 2023

The upsurge of cyberbullying is one of the major causes of emotional distress among youths and adults in this rapidly advancing technological era. Over the last decade, our society had a newfound addiction to social media. Despite the pros of social media, its usage has a large spectrum of cons. A recent study in 2021 stated that over 330 million people might potentially suffer Internet addiction by the year 2023. With such alarming numbers, it’s time to realize how it will lead to a sudden elevation in cyberbullying across the globe. Cyberbullying is now an international public health concern among adolescents. Researchers are now more concerned about the mental health and social well-being of people around them. The subject of cyberbullying among tweens, teens, and youths has always been the center of attention, but now there is an advent of a new add-on workplace cyberbullying. There is a need to perform more longitudinal work to understand the effects of cyberbullying and to identify possible prevention and intervention efforts to reduce its impact.
Analysis of the connection between talent management and sustainable development
Authors: Santhanalaxmi K. , Bhavya B. , Princy A. S. , Pathmu R. Blessie
Published: December 2023

Industries are actively enhancing their long-term “sustainability”, which demands a spotlight on economic, social ecological performance simultaneously. A sustainable firm has a good chance to be substantially more prosperous tomorrow than it is today, and of remaining affluent for decades or generations, rather than simply months or years. Employees, as the most precious asset of a firm, should realize the value of sustainable development in order to increase output without adversely impacting natural resources or societal issues. Connecting the company’s sustainability plan with its talent management framework assists the organization in effectively ensuring long - term sustainability. The article’s objective is to explore various talent management techniques and assess their impact on achieving the organization’s sustainable performance through monetary, ecological, and societal impact. The information was gathered from HR managers at various star hotels in Tamil Nadu. Every aspect of talent management technique has had a substantial impact on the economic, environmental, and social implications of sustainability.
Customer perception on service quality: A holistic view of SBI
Authors: Podile Venkateswara Rao , Surana Khushi , Tumuluri Maha Lakshmi , Manikanta Maddi , Harsh Kommineni Venkat Sri
Published: December 2023

In India, the banking industry offers a vast variety of products and services plays a major in the economy of India. The present research investigates the impact of SBI’s Services on the client perception, and service quality. The key information was distributed surveys to gather data from 100+ customers. The study concentrated on quality perception, and customer perception. Utilizing a variety of tools, including Descriptive Statistics, Homogeneity of Variances, ANOVA, and Chi - Square. While conducting the analysis, the SERVQUAL tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy aspects were taken into account. The study’s main findings showed that the Type of Account and Tangibility, Quality of Banking Services and Reliability, Willingness of Employees to help and Responsiveness, Banking Information and Assurance, Needs and Empathy are weakly associated with each other.
Unlocking the reporting rhapsody: Mediating performance and integrated disclosures in Indian businesses
Authors: Agarwall Himanshu , Chaudhary Niyati , Sahoo Jyotirmayee , Kumar Arya , Arora Monika
Published: December 2023

Implementation of Integrated Reporting (IR) can reduce information imbalance between investors and companies so long as the reports include elements recommended by established frameworks. Prevailing studies show a relationship between IR Practices and firm performance, but more is needed regarding their paths. The study attempts to analyze IR’s direct and indirect effects on performance using the size and leverage of a firm in a mediation framework. The sample companies include 69 Indian companies voluntarily adopting IR over five years (2017-18 to 2021-22). The findings reveal a significant direct impact of IR on performance measures. It shows that the leverage and size of the firm mediate the correlation between IR and the performances of sample companies. Again, the statistical significance of the indirect effects of IR on Performance is found concerning firm size and leverage. The article provides a more comprehensive aspect of the prevalent literature on IR.
Principais contribuições de enfermagem a pacientes portadores de radiodermite
Authors: Graça Jociene Rodrigues , Santana Manoel Vitório Souza
Published: December 2023

O câncer é caracterizado pela multiplicação desordenada de células, apresentando grande incidência no mundo - 18,1 milhões. A radioterapia constitui método utilizado em mais de 50% dos casos, entretanto, esse meio de tratamento promove também efeitos adversos, dentre eles a radiodermatite. Tendo em vista o enfermeiro como componente relevante da equipe multidisciplinar de saúde e profissional que acompanha o paciente em todas as etapas da doença, este trabalho objetiva: descrever os cuidados de enfermagem na prevenção e tratamento de afecções dermatológicas ocasionadas pela radioterapia em trabalhos publicados no Brasil entre os anos de 2016 a 2022. O método utilizado foi a revisão integrativa, utilizando o booleano “AND” nas bases de dados GOOGLE ACADÊMICO, LILACS, SCIELO, utilizando-se das palavras chaves: Enfermagem, Radioterapia, Pele. O resultado desse estudo permitiu analisar 390 artigos relacionados ao tema, porém foram excluídos 370 artigos por se apresentarem como língua estrangeira, por não estar no ano referido, por apresentar trabalhos iguais, ou por não atenderem aos anseios da pesquisa. A partir dos 20 artigos formularam-se três tópicos para redação das informações: “Prevenção e tratamento das radiodermites, educação em saúde e para o autocuidado; manejo da dor e segurança do paciente”. A pesquisa corrobora o importante papel da enfermagem na prevenção e tratamento do paciente portador de radiodermite, ainda contando com outras táticas que elevem a promoção de saúde e qualidade de vida.
KONCEPT “SMART REGULATION” U EVROPSKOJ UNIJI I REFORMA JAVNE UPRAVE U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI / SMART REGULATION CONCEPT IN EUROPEAN UNION AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORM IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Čerkez Onahti
Published: December 2023

Public administration reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina began in 2003 and has been implemented in a structured manner since 2006. Bosnia and Herzegovina has been on the path to European integration since February 2016. In this regard, public administration reform is defined as one of 14 key priorities, and it implies a more efficient, effective, accountable and transparent public administration, citizen-oriented and ready to meet all European requirements. Given the complex administrative arrangement of the state, public administration reform is quite slow. The aim of this paper is to present the efforts made so far by the European Union in terms of preparing Bosnia and Herzegovina for the status of a candidate country, and then the EU member states in terms of achieving the greatest possible harmonization of regulations. In order to later harmonize legislation with the acquis communautaire. This paper deals with the issue of public administration reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina in connection with the concept of Smart Regulation in the European Union, which includes a set of basic principles that can be directly related to public administration reform, and which has developed in parallel in the European Union. Considering the EU's efforts so far in the process of public administration reform and the concept of Smart Regulation would create a more complete picture of the connection between the reform process and the concept that is futuristic for Bosnia and Herzegovina, given that it applies to member states.
DISTRIKT BRČKO KAO MODEL RAZVOJA MULTIETNIČKOG BIĆA BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE / THE BRČKO DISTRICT AS A MODEL OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA'S MULTI-ETHNIC BEING
Authors: Pejanović Mirko
Published: December 2023

This text is a review of a book by Academician Ejup Ganić: Brčko Arbitration (1996-1999): Memories and Testimonies, Fondacija Galić, Dobra knjiga, 2023.
OTVORENI PRISTUP NAUČNIM INFORMACIJAMA / OPEN ACCESS TO SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION
Authors: Grebović-Lendo Nadina , Piralić Vahid
Published: December 2023

Open access implies the idea of scientific information dissemination over the Internet that is free to the end user. The higher education and university libraries’ mission is to connect people and information, and the goals of open access help librarians respond to users' information queries more quickly. This paper presents the basic concepts of open access with an emphasis on creating an open access journal through ten steps. The open access portal at the University of Sarajevo is also presented within the paper, as well.