bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Several studies on the problem of management patients with chronic tonsillitis during periods of remission and exacerbation
Authors: Ovchinnikov A. Yu. , Miroshnichenko N. A. , Nikolaeva Yu. O. , Vasilyev M. M.
Published: November 2020

Increase in the number of acute and chronic diseases is a global trend. On the one hand, the emergence of new types of viruses, their active mutation, an increase in antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, a high frequency of immunodeficiency and allergic diseases contribute to this. On the other hand is inadequate treatment of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract, widespread use of systemic antibiotics without indications. The use of bioregulatory medicines with proven efficacy in the complex treatment can reduce the drug load on the body, reduce the bacterial complications and side effects. Traumeel®S joins the physiological course of inflammation and activates pro-resolving mediators, contributes to its faster completion and tissue repair. The efficacy and safety of Traumeel®S has been confirmed in many randomized clinical trials. The drug has proven its value in almost any inflammatory pathology of the upper respiratory tract and ear. The drug Lymphomyosot®, a multicomponent agent with lymphatic drainage action, has proven itself perfectly in the complex therapy of chronic tonsillitis. In November 2019, the Council of Experts of the National Medical Association of Otorhinolaryngologists on the problems of pathology of the lympharyngeal ring was held. It is recommended to use the multicomponent bioregulatory preparation Traumeel®S to correct the inflammatory process, which has shown in studies a modulating effect on inflammatory mediators without suppressing COX-2 (prostaglandins). With exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis and lymphadenitis of nonspecific etiology, it is possible to use the multicomponent preparation Lymphomyosot®, which helps to improve the drainage and detoxification function of the lymphatic system.
Long-acting topical decongestants
Authors: Ovchinnikov A. Yu. , Miroshnichenko N. A. , Ryabinin V. A. , Nikolaeva Yu. O.
Published: November 2020

Significant role of getting the required amount of air into the human body belongs to the breathing by the nose. The nasal cavity prepares the air for reciprocity with the lower respiratory tract owing to the complex structure of the mucous membrane. When nasal obstruction occurs, breathing is carried out mainly through the mouth, and there is a violation of the basic functions of the nose, as well as the ingress of unadapted aggressive air to the sensitive alveolar structures of the lungs. This leads first to functional, and then to morphological and structural changes. In addition, difficult nasal breathing leads to impaired aeration of the paranasal cavities, middle ear cavity and hypoxia of all organs of the body. Even short episodes of nasal obstruction affect the quality of life, and prolonged untreated or incorrectly treated acute viral rhinosinusitis can spill over into lingering bacterial diseases of the ENT organs. Decongestants are used to eliminate nasal congestion. Decongestants include a wide range of substances that are used topically or systemically, in the form of monotherapy or in combination with other substances. The most popular drugs in this group are topical decongestants, since they have the most pronounced effect. The main nasal decongestants can be divided into two groups: sympathomimetic amines: primary aliphatic; phenolic and non-phenolic compounds, as well as imidazoline derivatives. Among the modern vasoconstrictor drugs oxymetazoline. Using it strictly according to the instructions within 3–5 days guarantees the absence of the development of local and systemic complications.
Therapeutic management of patients with chronic stenosis of the larynx and trachea
Authors: Kirasirova E. A. , Gurov A. A. , Kulabuhov E. V. , Lafutkina N. V. , Usova M. I.
Published: November 2020

The treatment of patients with chronic stenosis of the larynx and trachea is a laborious long process that requires special attention to the choice of surgical tactics and conservative therapy. The effectiveness of the performed surgical treatment largely depends on the course of the postoperative wound process, which explains the need for an individual approach to patient management in order to prevent the development of bacterial complications. One of the factors contributing to the occurrence of these complications are transient microorganisms that colonize the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, represented mainly by Streptococci, Staphylococci and Neisseria, as well as Acinetobacter, Moraxella, Corinebacterium, Escherichia, Klebsiella. In order to prevent postoperative complications, it is necessary to carry out antibacterial prophylaxis with I–II generation cephalosporins (cefazolin, cefuroxime) or inhibitor-protected aminopenicillins (amoxicillin/clavulanate, ampicillin/sulbactam) during clean surgical interventions. In cases where a bacteriological examination reveals hospital strains of microorganisms, it is necessary to carry out antibacterial therapy aimed at eradication of the bacterial pathogen. In case of “dirty” surgical interventions in patients in cases where a bacteriological examination does not reveal pathogenic strains of microorganisms, it is recommended to carry out antibacterial therapy with broad-spectrum antibiotics, within 7–10 days after the surgery. Irrigation and inhalation therapy occupies a special place in the treatment of patients with chronic stenosis of the larynx and trachea. At the final stages of the operation, irrigation of the surgical area with solutions of glucocorticosteroids and anesthetics is used, and inhalation therapy is used starting from the early postoperative period, continuing throughout the entire period of inpatient treatment, as well as at the outpatient stage. Among the inhalation drugs used topic antibiotics, glucocorticosteroids, mineral water, mucolytics, and bacteriophages are most often used.
Сapabilitу of 24-hour esophageal pH-impedance monitoring in the diagnosis of GERD-associated laryngeal diseases
Authors: Starostina S. V. , Makhov V. M. , Storonova O. A. , Bolshakov A. V. , Kuprina I. V. , Trukhmanov A. S. , Ivashkin V. T.
Published: November 2020

Extraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), despite the improvement of methods of diagnosis and treatment of patients with this pathology, still remain an urgent problem of medicine and cause increased attention of clinicians and researchers. In some cases, patients with GERD do not present typical complaints of heartburn, regurgitation; the disease may manifest extraesophageal manifestations, such as chronic cough, hoarseness, reflux laryngitis, and others caused by the presence of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LFR) – inflammation of the mucous membrane of the upper digestive and respiratory tracts with possible morphological changes associated with direct and indirect (reflex) exposure to gastroduodenal reflux. The occurrence of LFR is possible due to a violation of the motor function of the esophagus and insufficiency of the upper esophageal sphincter, as well as a decrease in the tone of the pharyngeal muscles. The most accessible methods of diagnosis of LFR are registration of complaints according to the questionnaire “index of reflux symptoms”, assessment of the clinical and functional state of the larynx using a visually analog “scale of reflux signs”. A positive response to the empirical use of proton pump inhibitors in combination with procinetics and determination of pepsin content in saliva can also be alternative diagnostic methods. To date, 24-hour pH-impedance monitoring is a method that allows the most accurate diagnosis of all types of reflux, regardless of the pH value, to verify high reflux in combination with its physical properties, as well as to estimate the time of chemical and volumetric esophageal clearance. In addition to performing esophagogastroduodenoscopy, the use of this method is indicated in patients with suspected extraesophageal manifestations of GERD. The article presents clinical examples of patients with extraesophageal manifestations of GERD, describes the possibilities of 24-hour pH-impedance monitoring of the esophagus in the diagnosis of LFR and reflux-associated diseases of the larynx.
Role of decongestants in a complex therapy of acute infectious rhinitis
Authors: Krivopalov A. A. , Shamkina P. A.
Published: November 2020

Nowadays the problem of treating of acute respiratory viral infections, primarily manifested with the clinical picture of acute rhinitis, remains an important problem due to the high prevalence and variety of etiological factors of this disease. Pathogenesis of rhinitis, regardless of the etiology, includes the swelling of the nasal mucosa, the increase in nasal secretion, which blocks nasal breathing and significantly reduces the quality of life. In uncomplicated forms of acute infectious rhinitis, symptomatic treatment is traditionally used, including the elimination therapy and drugs for reducing the nasal mucosa swelling. Topical decongestants have a sympathomimetic effect, affect α1- and α2-adrenergic receptors and help to eliminate swelling of the nasal mucosa and improve nasal breathing, and as a result, restore the patency and aerodynamics of the airways, recover the drainage function of the paranasal sinuses and auditory tube. To date, the pharmaceutical market offers many intranasal decongestants that differ in the duration of exposure, frequency of use, the occurrence of side effects or adverse events. The article shows the pharmacological and pharmacokinetic characteristics of the drug xylometazoline, highlights the results of Russian and foreign studies that demonstrate the efficacy and good tolerability of xylometazoline with a short-term topical course of treatment. The conclusion is made about a good profile of the efficacy and safety of the drug and confirmed that in compliance with the recommendations for the frequency and duration of application, xylometazoline could be recommended for use in a complex symptomatic treatment of acute rhinitis in adults and children.
Modified classification of infralabyrinthie cholesteatoma and scale of cholesteatoma extention
Authors: Diab K. M. , Panina O. S. , Pashchinina O. A.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Petrous temporal bone (PTB) cholesteatoma is an epidermal cyst, which is the result of uncontrolled growth of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the petrous part of the temporal bone. Cholesteatoma is classified into congenital, acquired, and iatrogenic.

Objective. To discuss the classification of infralabyrinthine petrous bone cholesteatoma (PBC), add modified classificationand to propose adequate differential surgical management.

Methods. The setting was a National Medical Scientific Center of Otorhinolaryngology FMBA (Russia). The data of 14 patients who underwent surgery for different variations of infralabyrinthine PBC from 2017 till 2020 were analyzed and included into the study (with respect to localization type of the approach used, complications, recurrences and outcome). The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 34 months with a median of 18 months.

Results. Based on preoperative CT scans and intraoperative findings a Scale of Cholesteatoma extension CLIF(APO) and Modified classification of infralabyrinthine cholesteatoma (in relation to mastoid segment of the facial nerve) are proposed. The scale includes the main anatomical structures of the temporal bone and the adjacent parts of the occipital and sphenoid bones, which may be involved in the cholesteatoma process: cochlea, vestibule and semicircular canals, internal auditory canal, jugular foramen, bony chanal of the internal carotid artery, petrous apex, occipital condyle. Based on the modified classification and scale we present an algorithm for decision making and surgical approach choosing.

Conclusion. The implementation of the Scale of Cholesteatoma Extension in Otology and Radiology practice will allow to preoperatively diagnose the extension of PBC, unify the data of the localization of cholesteatoma; allows standardization in reporting and continuity at all stages of treatment. The modified classification proposed by us in this article facilitate the algorithm for selecting the type of surgical approach and determine whether to perform less aggressive combined microscopic approaches with endoscopic control.
Human capital study: experience of empirical testing of complex tools
Authors: Romashkina Gulnara F. , Davydenko Vladimir A. , Andrianova Elena V. , Khudyakova Marina V. , Pecherkina Irina F.
Published: November 2020

This article approbates the Russian-language version of an interdisciplinary toolkit for human capital resources research. The Russian-language toolkit for measuring systematically organized human resources, which are consistent with social capital theory and intensively developing typology of psychological capital resources in the version of A. Moses, F. Lutens and V. Avoglio, is verified for the first time, determining the article’s scientific novelty. The toolkit has a two-level structure: general (external to the organization) and specific (internal) resources. Contemporary human capital theory assumes that people have different knowledge, skills, and abilities that can be successfully applied in solving work problems. The definition of social capital includes the concepts of trust, embeddedness, social support, and social exchange. The definition of psychological capital integrates four sub-indices: efficiency (based on trust and confidence), hope, optimism, and resilience. The empirical basis of the study includes the results of a mass sociological survey (N = 1 261). The sample represents the working population of the Tyumen Region 18 over years old (as of 2020). This has required using the methods of correlation and factor analysis. The results show the interrelationships and latent factors of the multidimensional construction of human, social and psychological capital in connection with concepts of trust and social well-being. The authors have identified the features of the Russian structure of human capital. The confidence in self-efficiency, as well as self-reliance, resilience, optimism, and belief in being in demand at work most strongly explain the variations in human capital in the Russian case. Thus, psychological capital is built into the concept of labor motivation, since it reflects willingness to work systematically, as well as employees’ perception of their socio-psychological characteristics, optimal to perform current and strategic work tasks. The social capital builds up in a multidimensional structure, when generalized trust and the strength of social contacts at work are almost orthogonal to each other.
Evaluation of the In Vivo Acute Toxicity and In Vitro Hemolytic and Immunomodulatory Activities of the Moringa oleifera Flower Trypsin Inhibitor (MoFTI)
Authors: de Siqueira Patriota Leydianne Leite , do Nascimento Santos Dayane Kelly Dias , da Silva Barros Bárbara Rafaela , de Souza Aguiar Lethícia Maria , Silva Yasmym Araújo , dos Santos Angela Caroline Lima Amorim , Gama e Silva Mariana , Barroso Coelho Luana Cassandra Breitenbach , Paiva Patrícia Maria Guedes , Pontual Emmanuel Viana , de Melo Cristiane Moutinho Lagos , Mendes Rosemairy Luciane , Napoleáo Thiago Henrique
Published: November 2020

Background:

Protease inhibitors have been isolated from plants and present several biological activities, including immunomodulatory action.

Objective:

This work aimed to evaluate a Moringa oleifera flower trypsin inhibitor (MoFTI) for acute toxicity in mice, hemolytic activity on mice erythrocytes and immunomodulatory effects on mice splenocytes.

Methods:

The acute toxicity was evaluated using Swiss female mice that received a single dose of the vehicle control or MoFTI (300 mg/kg, i.p.). Behavioral alterations were observed 15–240 min after administration, and survival, weight gain, and water and food consumption were analyzed daily. Organ weights and hematological parameters were analyzed after 14 days. Hemolytic activity of MoFTI was tested using Swiss female mice erythrocytes. Splenocytes obtained from BALB/c mice were cultured in the absence or presence of MoFTI for the evaluation of cell viability and proliferation. Mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were also determined. Furthermore, the culture supernatants were analyzed for the presence of cytokines and nitric oxide (NO).

Results:

MoFTI did not cause death or any adverse effects on the mice except for abdominal contortions at 15–30 min after administration. MoFTI did not exhibit a significant hemolytic effect. In addition, MoFTI did not induce apoptosis or necrosis in splenocytes and had no effect on cell proliferation. Increases in cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS release, as well as Δψm reduction, were observed in MoFTI-treated cells. MoFTI was observed to induce TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, and NO release.

Conclusion:

These results contribute to the ongoing evaluation of the antitumor potential of MoFTI and its effects on other immunological targets.
Equilibrium internal fractures in elastic bodies supported by thin flexible coatings
Authors: Sobol B. V. , Rashidova E. V. , Vasiliev P. V. , Novikova A. I.
Published: November 2020

Objective. In this paper, the authors study problems of a plane strain of elastic bodies containing internal rectilinear fractures. In each case, the margins of the considered areas are supported by thin flexible coatings. The first part of the paper is devoted to the problem of an infinite elastic wedge, the faces of which are free from the outside and reinforced with a thin flexible material, and the bisector contains a rectilinear fracture with regular forces applied to the margins, and to the study of the stress concentration at the fracture vertices. In the second part of the paper, the authors consider the problem of an equilibrium radial internal fracture in the cross-section of a round pipe. The inner surface of the pipe experiences hydrostatic pressure; the outer surface is reinforced with a thin flexible coating. The purpose of the study in each of the presented tasks is to determine the values of the influence factor.Methods. Both problems are united by a single approach, in which the presence of a coating is modeled mathematically, using special marginal conditions obtained based on an asymptotic analysis of the exact solution for a strip or ring flexible coating of small relative thickness. In the first issue, the singular integral equation is derived using the Mellin transform, which allows proceeding to the solution of a system of ordinary differential equations and obtaining a singular integral equation relative to the derivative of the discontinuity function of the first kind with a Cauchy kernel. In the second issue, discontinuous solutions are constructed using the Fourier series, resulting in a singular integral equation of a similar structure. Previously, similar ideas were successfully implemented by the authors in the study of the problem of the equilibrium state of a strip with a coating weakened by an internal transverse fracture under arbitrary conditions on the lower edge of the strip.Conclusion. Singular integral equations for the considered problems are obtained. The collocation method is used to construct solutions of singular integral equations for various combinations of geometric and physical characteristics of issues. In all the considered cases, the values of the influence factor were calculated. The analysis of changes in the influence factor depending on various combinations of geometric parameters and mechanical characteristics of problems is carried out. It is noted that with increasing rigidity of the coating and increasing its thickness, the values of the influence factor decrease; the increase in the value of the influence factor is provided by approaching the fracture to the body margin and increasing its relative length.
Handelingen O.R. XVI - 2e afl.
Authors: Admin Admin
Published: November 2020

CHANOINE VANDEN GHEYN. - Dieu le Père, figure-t-il sur le retable de l'Agneau Mystique?PAUL DURRIEU. - Discours prononcé à Gand par le Comte Paul Durrieu, le 4 octobre 1920.V. FRIS. - La Journée van Eyck.
Acuut hemorragisch syndroom door adelaarsvarenintoxicatie bij runderen in België
Authors: Plessers E. , Pardon B. , Deprez P. , De Backer P. , Croubels S.
Published: November 2020

In augustus 2007 vertoonden twee Belgisch witblauwe koeien na drie maanden weidegang hoge koorts(41,4°C), epistaxis, melena, bloedingen ter hoogte van de huid, een stijve gang en rode letsels op de uier.Het bloedonderzoek toonde ernstige pancytopenie aan en blauwtongvirus serotype 8 werd aangetoondvia PCR. Ondanks een bloedtransfusie en een ondersteunende behandeling stierven beide dierenbinnen de zes dagen na aanvang van de symptomen. Op autopsie werd een uitgesproken beeld van eenbloedstollingsstoornis aangetoond. Bij inspectie van de weide één week later konden veel jonge bladerenvan adelaarsvaren (Pteridium aquilinum) worden waargenomen. De stijve gang en de rode letsels op deuier waren sterk indicatief voor blauwtongvirusinfectie, terwijl de andere symptomen overeenkwamenmet een acute adelaarsvarenintoxicatie (acuut hemorragisch syndroom). Dit voorval toont aan dat het ookin België, waar de densiteit van adelaarsvarens over het algemeen relatief laag is, van belang is om weidengrondig te inspecteren op de aanwezigheid van jonge adelaarsvarens.
Iatrogene trachearuptuur bij een Britse korthaar
Authors: Sauermann A. L. , Rubio-Guzman A. , Bosmans T. , Vanderperren K. , de Rooster H.
Published: November 2020

Trachearuptuur is een zeldzame aandoening bij katten die meestal iatrogeen ontstaat. In dezecasuïstiek wordt een cervicale trachearuptuur bij een volwassen, mannelijke Britse korthaar meteen recente voorgeschiedenis van endotracheale intubatie beschreven. De kat werd aangeboden metextreem subcutaan emfyseem, een matige tot uitgesproken pneumothorax, een pneumomediastinumen een pneumoretroperitoneum. Hij vertoonde geen symptomen van dyspnee of hypoxie. Dedefi nitieve diagnose werd gesteld met tracheoscopie. De trachearuptuur werd chirurgischgecorrigeerd en de operatie verliep probleemloos. De kat herstelde snel na de operatie. Vier dagenpostoperatief werd de kat ontslagen uit de kliniek. Bij de controle, vijf weken later, verkeerde dekat in een uitstekende lichamelijke toestand en dit was ook vier maanden later nog steeds het geval.
Overzicht van de meest belangrijke mycotoxines voor de varkens- en pluimveehouderij
Authors: Devreese M. , De Backer P. , Croubels S.
Published: November 2020

Mycotoxines zijn secundaire metabolieten geproduceerd door verschillende schimmelsoorten die aanwezig kunnen zijn op diverse landbouwgewassen. Ze worden wereldwijd als een groot probleem aanzien omwille van hun schadelijke effecten op de humane en dierlijke gezondheid. De contaminatie leidt tot aanzienlijke economische schade, voornamelijk in de varkens- en pluimveehouderij. Er werden reeds meer dan 400 mycotoxines beschreven. Slechts enkele zijn echter belangrijk omwille van hun toxiciteit. In dit overzichtsartikel worden de belangrijkste mycotoxines beschreven, namelijk deoxynivalenol (DON), T-2 toxine (T-2), zearalenone (ZON), fumonisine B1 (FB1), ochratoxine A (OTA) en afl atoxine B1 (AFB1). Voor elk toxine worden de chemische structuur, het werkingsmechanisme en zowel de acute als chronische toxiciteit bij varkens en pluimvee weergegeven.
Verschillende methoden om mycotoxineproductie en de impact op de diergezondheid tegen te gaan
Authors: Devreese M. , De Backer P. , Croubels S.
Published: November 2020

De aanwezigheid van mycotoxines in veevoeder kan aanzienlijke schade aan de diergezondheid toebrengen. Dit kan tot beduidende economische verliezen leiden voor de veehouderij. In dit overzichtsartikel worden de belangrijkste maatregelen weergegeven om mycotoxineproductie tegen te gaan en haar effect op de diergezondheid te verminderen. Zowel de mogelijke maatregelen vóór als na de oogst en een overzicht van de verschillende mycotoxine-detoxifi cerende producten worden besproken. De huidige wetgeving met betrekking tot maximum toegelaten gehaltes of indicatieve waarden van mycotoxines in verschillende voeders wordt eveneens vermeld. Deze wetgeving stelt de landbouwindustrie in staat om de resultaten van voederanalysen te interpreteren en te beslissen om al dan niet maatregelen te treffen.
Vaginal prolapse complicated with urinary bladder retroflexion and colonic herniation in a dog
Authors: Yesilkaya O. F. , Ciftci M. F. , Satilmis F. , Parlak K. , Alkan H. , Erdem H.
Published: November 2020

A four-year-old, intact, female Anatolian Shepherd dog was presented with a three-day vaginal prolapse and anuria. She was lethargic, dehydrated, tachycardic, and blood analysis showed leukocytosis and azotemia. Ultrasonographic examination demonstrated that the urinary bladder was located in the prolapsed vaginal tissue. Ultrasound-guided cystocentesis was performed to empty the obstructed bladder and intravenous fluid therapy was instituted. When the dog was deemed cardiovascularly stable, a caudal midline celiotomy incision was made. Through gentle retraction of the uterus, the colon descendens and the bladder were placed back to their normal positions. After resolution of the cervical invagination, the cervix was pexied to the abdominal wall to prevent recurrence and ovariohysterectomy was performed. The dog made an uneventful recovery and had normal urination at the one month follow-up. Chronic vaginal prolapse can be complicated by a retroflexed urinary bladder with urethral obstruction leading to life-threatening azotemia. Ultrasonography of the prolapsed tissues contributes greatly to early diagnosis of complicated cases.
Judith Butler: The Force of Nonviolence
Authors: Engelmann Christina , Colligs Alexandra
Published: November 2020

Besprechung von: Judith Butler: The Force of Nonviolence. An Ethico-Political Bind. London/New York: Verso 2020.
Dualidade e Unidade de Jurisdição no Brasil
Authors: De Aragão J.Guilherme
Published: November 2020

A Constituição de 24 de fevereiro de 1891, instituindo o regime de dualidade de justiça — Justiça Estadual e Justiça Federal reservou lugar próprio para as questões antes confiadas ao contencioso administrativo (art. 60 da Constituição de 1891).

Êsse lugar foi delimitado pela Lei n.° 221, de 20 de novembro de 1894, relativa à organização da Justiça Federal. Em seu Titulo II,o citado diploma legal conferiu aos juizes e tribunais federais, competência para conhecerem de atos ou decisões das autoridades administrativas, lesivos de direitos individuais, e julgarem as questões daí decorrentes.
Regime de Separação Matrimonial e Fratos Administrativos
Authors: E Silva Oliveira
Published: November 2020

Há duas correntes jurisprudenciais, no momento, sôbre a comunicabilidade, ou não, dos frutos adquiridos, quando o regime matrimonial é o da separação de bens. Se se declara, expressamente, que o regime do casamento é o da aludidaseparação e se não há qualquer referência sôbre o destino dos aquestos, entendemos que os cônjuges preferem viver sem qualquer comumcaçao dos bens adquiridos, não tendo o filho do primeiro leito de um deles o direito de requerer partilha, candidatando-se a um quinhão hereditário
Direito e Ciência da Administração - A Reforma do Ensino Jurídico
Authors: Wald Arnold
Published: November 2020

As aulas inaugurais não tinham no Brasil a originalidade revolucionária de que se revestiam no velho mundo. Eram aulas como as outras: a primeira aula do ano letivo. Não continham programas de renovação, idéias novas, aspirações ambiciosas. Não lançavam teorias nem princípios gerais. Eram apenas rotineiras e burocráticas, adotando os vícios do próprio ensino jurídico.
Apontamentos de Arquivística
Authors: Vaz Torres Marcílio
Published: November 2020

Não há nada de positivo relativamente à história da origem do métodosimples. Para a maioria, o seu uso surgiu naturalmente em terceiro lugarcomo decorrência da simplificação do método alfabético numérico.Efetivamente, verificamos em métodos alfabéticos numéricos como o“Automático” que as letras nos permitem formar números que determinarãoa localização do documento desejado. O alfabeto é somente usado, de acordocom a tabela adotada, apenas para, com os valores atribuídos às letras, estabelecer sob que número será encontrado o nome do correspondente ou otítulo do assunto procurado
Conceito e Propriedade das Nascentes
Authors: Tovar Jair
Published: November 2020

A expressão “nascentes” tem tido em nosso direito, em paralela atuaçãocom o direito português, compreensão idêntica à da expressão “fonte” , confundindo-se numa só idéia o que uma e outra procuram objetivar.
Do Princípio Constitucional da Separação dos Poderes
Authors: Solon de Pontes Elio
Published: November 2020

No segundo semestre de 1954, o “Instituto Brasileiro de Direito Públicoe Ciência Política da Fundação Getúlio Vargas” proporcionou, a sessenta candidatos portadores de diploma de nível universitário superior ou com experiência de cheíia administrativa superior a dois anos, um Curso de Direito Público, ministrado pelos professores Themístocles Cavalcanti, Hermes Lima,Victor Nunes Leal e Carlos Medeiros da Silva, logrando certificado de freqüência a quase totalidade dos inscritos e de aproveitamento apenas quatro.
O Estado e os Serviços Públicos
Authors: Nogueira Alcântara
Published: November 2020

Através  dos séculos, para explicar a formação e o desenvolvimento doEstado, bem como determinar seus elementos, diversas tem sido as teoriasformuladas pelos filósofos do Direito. No que concerne a esses elementosconstitutivos do Estado, encontra-se em plano destacado a soberania que, paiaum grande número de juristas, antigos e modernos e o principal.
Contribuição para o estudo das águas subterrâneas
Authors: Tovar Jair
Published: November 2020

O Código de Águas dedica um dos seus capítulos ao estudo das águas subterrâneas,fixando também, nos seus dispositivos, matéria de que já trata oCódigo Civil nos artigos 584 a 586, relativa à abertura de poços, constanteda rubrica — do direito de construir — e enquadrada entre os chamados direitosde vizinhança.
O princípio constitucional da igualdade perante a lei e o poder legislativo
Authors: Fagundes Seabra
Published: November 2020

Ainda quando o princípio da igualdade jurídica possa parecer, na literalidade da sua enunciação pela Constituição da República, (1) apenas endereçado ao aplicador das normas legislativas — o administrador ou o juiz — o certo é que, pelas razões superiores que o inspiram e pelas finalidades a que se destina, é endereçado, também, ao legislador. Para melhor compreender a exatidão dessa verdade, basta atentar em que o cânone da igualdade perderia por inteiro a sua significação, como princípio expresso nas Cartas Políticas dos Estados democráticos, se o Poder Legislativo o pudesse desconhecer.
Divisão do Trabalho
Authors: Guimarães Antônio
Published: November 2020

Noutro tempo, quando éramos técnico de administração do DASP, publicamos, nesta Revista, um artigo intitulado: “Que é organização?”. (1) Analisamos o vocábulo, nessa oportunidade, e delimitamos- lhe o exato conteúdo, referindo-o, claro, e em especial, ao campo da admiinstração, — especialidade nossa e da Revista.
Política de Habitação
Authors: Luiz Duprat Augusto
Published: November 2020

A construção da casa, — o melhor dos investirr, ntos —, sempre foi um privilégio dos bafejados pela fortuna, em maior ou manor escala. Com o decorrer dos tempos, aumento de população do mundo, concentração humana nas cidades e, sobretudo, o valor econômico da vida human?., apresentou-se o problema em tôda a sua plenitude, esbarrando, sempre, sua solução, no problema econômico.
II Congresso Nacional de Municípios Brasileiros - São Vicente
Authors: Pezzolo Antônio
Published: November 2020

É do conhecimento de todos que a Constituição de 1946, foi e é a mais Mu- nicipalista das Constituições Brasileiras. A sua aplicação porém, tem encontrado por parte dos poderes mais fortes da Nação alguma resistência, alegando os Estados e a União que a sua discriminação de rendas não consulta seus interesses. Ela tem sido puramente cumprida .
A inconstitucionalidade do imposto de cessão de promessa de venda
Authors: Wald Arnold
Published: November 2020

Poucas questões têm merecido a atenção dos magistrados e dos juristas nestes últimos tempos com a mesma insistência que o problema do imposto de cessão de promessa de compra e venda. Trata-se de saber se a cessão de promessa constitui ou não uma transferência de propriedade, dependendo de tal conceituação a faculdade pertencente à Prefeitura do Distrito Federal e aos Estados de tributá-la.
Problemas da elaboração e da contabilidade orçamentária na Administração Pública
Authors: Ney Abram
Published: November 2020

Os orçamentos não são simplesmente questões de aritmética; antes, sob milhares de formas, penetram nas raízes da prosperidade dos indivíduos, das relações de classes e do poderio dos reinados.
O treinamento como atividade meio no serviço público
Authors: Teixeira Ary
Published: November 2020

O fato mais importante em todo setor de trabalho é a produção. Uma emprêsa, uma repartição pública ou uma unidade militar existem para produzir utilidades ou serviços. A maior responsabilidade de uma direção ou chefia de serviço repousa indiscutivelmente na produção. A boa produção não se mede apenas pela qualidade e quantidade, mas também pelo seu custo, pelo que importou em esforço humano e em gasto de material. Assim, a melhor produção é a que resulta do trabalho eficiente, entendida eficiência como a qualidade pessoal qus conduz o trabalhador a produzir mais, a produzir o melhor, no menor espaço de tempo e com o gasto mínimo possível de material.
O Direito do Trabalho
Authors: Grande Humberto
Published: November 2020

A justa conceituação do direito do trabalho é um problema que vivamente preocupa os juristas modernos, porque a sua esfera peculiar costuma ser confundida com a de outros ramos do direito, determinando assim sérios prejuízos ao novo direito, cujo estudo fica sèriamente perturbado, carecendo de ordem e sistematização. Como afirma Castán: “O Direito do Trabalho constitui hoje já uma disciplina autônoma muito diferente pelo seu espírito e pelos seus métodos de todos os demais ramos jurídicos.” Cumpre, pois, precisar o seu objeto com o maior rigor possível, para evitar idéias errôneas sôbre esta matéria.
Apuração dos preenchimentos dos objetivos das repartições técnicas
Authors: De Castro Belleza Newton
Published: November 2020

Conquanto , bem ou mal, já existam na administração pública órgãos com a incumbência de executar o controle do ponto de vista contábil dos seus serviços, o controle do seu funcionamento técnico, para apuração do preenchimento de seus fins, não chegou ainda a merecer a nossa atenção. Funcionou, por exemplo, até bem pouco tempo, no Ministério da Agricultura, uma Divisão de Terras e Colonização, sem que se houvesse chegado a uma verificação se estava preenchendo os seus fins. Continua a funcionar, no mesmo Ministério, a Superintendência do Ensino Agrícola e Veterinário, sem que se tente saber se está funcionando como deve, para o verdadeiro preenchimento de suas atribuições.
Algumas noções gerais sobre a política fiscal
Authors: Gonçalves Orestes
Published: November 2020

A evolução da ciência econômica nas últimas décadas influiu de forma decisiva nas finanças públicas, alterando-lhes substancialmente os princípios, quer no aspecto tributário, quer na aplicação dos dinheiros públicos. As transformações que se verificaram na atividade econômica, o aparecimento de novas condições de mercados, a nova tecnologia e os acontecimentos presentes, a partir da década dos anos vinte, levaram os estudiosos da economia a modificar as idéias até então vigorantes
Исследование индуктивно-связанной плазмы пониженного давления CF-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-Br методами зонда Ленгмюра и оптической эмиссионной спектроскопии
Authors: Кузьменко В.О. , Мяконьких А.В.
Published: November 2020

The parameters of the inductively coupled low pressure CF3Br plasma were measured by the Langmuir probe and actinometry. The electron temperature and concentrations of electrons and positive ions, as well as fluorine and bromine radicals, have been determined. An explanation is proposed for the previously observed significant degradation of low-k dielectrics during etching in the studied plasma.
Digital Support for Healthier Eating Habits Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial Within Primary Care (HAPPY Trial) (Preprint)
Authors: Trolle Lagerros Ylva , Dahlgren Anna , Sjöblom Linnea , Bonn Stephanie E
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Despite the large impact that dietary habits have in the management of diabetes, few tools for supporting healthy eating habits are available for persons with diabetes.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this randomized clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of a 12-week, mobile health (mHealth), app-based intervention promoting healthy eating habits among patients with type 2 diabetes.

METHODS

The HAPPY (Healthy eating using APP technologY) trial is a randomized clinical trial with two arms aiming to include 200 patients, 18 years of age or older, with type 2 diabetes. Both women and men are eligible for inclusion. Study participants are randomized 1:1 to an intervention group, where they are instructed to use a smartphone app promoting healthy eating, or to a control group, where they receive standard primary care only, for a period of 12 weeks. Each week a new topic (eg, vegetable intake) is introduced via the app. After an introduction text, the user is given a topic-related activity to perform (eg, eat one additional serving of vegetables per day during that week). The app records daily progress and sends automatic reminders or feedback to the user. Dietary intake, body composition, clinical variables, and biomarkers are measured at baseline and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. An extensive web-based questionnaire comprising several validated questionnaires assessing a number of lifestyle factors is distributed via email at baseline and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups; lifestyle factors include, for example, sleep, physical activity, eating behavior, and health-related quality of life. The effect of the intervention on dietary intake (primary outcome) and on glycated hemoglobin and blood lipid levels, body composition, blood pressure, other lifestyle factors, and overall health (secondary outcomes) will be assessed.

RESULTS

Data collection is ongoing. Recruitment of participants started in January 2019. Findings from the study are expected to be published by the end of 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

Technology development provides new ways to promote and support long-term adherence to healthier eating habits. mHealth-based approaches allow for real-time interaction and the delivery of an intervention at any time. Further, focusing on overall diet allows the user to apply new knowledge to current eating patterns, creating an individualized approach. In this study, we evaluate the effect of using a new smartphone app promoting healthy eating habits on dietary intake, clinical markers, and lifestyle factors among patients with type 2 diabetes.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03784612; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03784612

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/24422
Patient-Generated Health Data in Pediatric Asthma: Exploratory Study of Providers' Information Needs (Preprint)
Authors: Tiase Victoria L , Sward Katherine A , Del Fiol Guilherme , Staes Catherine , Weir Charlene , Cummins Mollie R
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Adolescents are using mobile health apps as a form of self-management to collect data on symptoms, medication adherence, and activity. Adding functionality to an electronic health record (EHR) to accommodate disease-specific patient-generated health data (PGHD) may support clinical care. However, little is known on how to incorporate PGHD in a way that informs care for patients. Pediatric asthma, a prevalent health issue in the United States with 6 million children diagnosed, serves as an exemplar condition to examine information needs related to PGHD.

OBJECTIVE

In this study we aimed to identify and prioritize asthma care tasks and decisions based on pediatric asthma guidelines and identify types of PGHD that might support the activities associated with the decisions. The purpose of this work is to provide guidance to mobile health app developers and EHR integration.

METHODS

We searched the literature for exemplar asthma mobile apps and examined the types of PGHD collected. We identified the information needs associated with each decision in accordance with consensus-based guidelines, assessed the suitability of PGHD to meet those needs, and validated our findings with expert asthma providers.

RESULTS

We mapped guideline-derived information needs to potential PGHD types and found PGHD that may be useful in meeting information needs. Information needs included types of symptoms, symptom triggers, medication adherence, and inhaler technique. Examples of suitable types of PGHD were Asthma Control Test calculations, exposures, and inhaler use. Providers suggested uncontrolled asthma as a place to focus PGHD efforts, indicating that they preferred to review PGHD at the time of the visit.

CONCLUSIONS

We identified a manageable list of information requirements derived from clinical guidelines that can be used to guide the design and integration of PGHD into EHRs to support pediatric asthma management and advance mobile health app development. Mobile health app developers should examine PGHD information needs to inform EHR integration efforts.
Association between scaling and tooth loss in Korean adults: a claim-based matched cohort study (Preprint)
Authors: Park 3rd MyungBae , Kim 2nd Se-Hyung , Choi Jr Jung-Kyu
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Tooth loss has a significant effect on the quality of life. Scaling is a measure to prevent periodontal disease and tooth loss.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of scaling on tooth loss.

METHODS

The NHIS released a medical check-up cohort database, consisting of 514,866 Koreans as an initial cohort, and followed the subjects for 14 years up to 2015. The cohort data represent a random sample of about 10% of a medical examiner in 2002-2003 (5.15 millions). The study population comprised people who had received an oral check-up in 2002-2003. Tooth loss was defined as including all teeth except for third molars until 2015. Using propensity score matching, we matched case and control 1:1 according to scaling. The final sample included 94,738. Statistical analysis was done using a Cox proportional hazard model.

RESULTS

Scaling shows conflicting results in univariate and multivariable analyses. In the univariate analysis, the group who received scaling was more likely to lose teeth (HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.05). After adjusting confounders, however, we found that those who didn’t received scaling were more likely to lose teeth in the multivariable analysis (HR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-0.99). The effects of scaling were identified in non-diabetic subjects (HR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-0.99). The scaling didn't work in the diabetic patients (HR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.89-1.06). The scaling was associated with reducing tooth loss.

CONCLUSIONS

Regular scaling should be encouraged for vulnerable groups, such as males, older adults, lower income, handicapped, chronic diseases, and smokers. This evidence-based result could help dental-policy adoption and development.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Healthfulness Assessment of Recipes Shared on Pinterest: Natural Language Processing and Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Cheng Xiaolu , Lin Shuo-Yu , Wang Kevin , Hong Y Alicia , Zhao Xiaoquan , Gress Dustin , Wojtusiak Janusz , Cheskin Lawrence J , Xue Hong
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Although Pinterest has become a popular platform for distributing influential information that shapes users’ behaviors, the role of recipes pinned on Pinterest in these behaviors is not well understood.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to explore the patterns of food ingredients and the nutritional content of recipes posted on Pinterest and to examine the factors associated with recipes that engage more users.

METHODS

Data were collected from Pinterest between June 28 and July 12, 2020 (207 recipes and 2818 comments). All samples were collected via 2 new user accounts with no search history. A codebook was developed with a raw agreement rate of 0.97 across all variables. Content analysis and natural language processing sentiment analysis techniques were employed.

RESULTS

Recipes using seafood or vegetables as the main ingredient had, on average, fewer calories and less sodium, sugar, and cholesterol than meat- or poultry-based recipes. For recipes using meat as the main ingredient, more than half of the energy was obtained from fat (277/490, 56.6%). Although the most followed pinners tended to post recipes containing more poultry or seafood and less meat, recipes with higher fat content or providing more calories per serving were more popular, having more shared photos or videos and comments. The natural language processing–based sentiment analysis suggested that Pinterest users weighted taste more heavily than complexity (225/2818, 8.0%) and health (84/2828, 2.9%).

CONCLUSIONS

Although popular pinners tended to post recipes with more seafood or poultry or vegetables and less meat, recipes with higher fat and sugar content were more user-engaging, with more photo or video shares and comments. Data on Pinterest behaviors can inform the development and implementation of nutrition health interventions to promote healthy recipe sharing on social media platforms.
Internet of Things (IoT) adoption model for early identification and monitoring of COVID-19 cases: a systematic review (Preprint)
Authors: Kazemi Arpanahi Hadi , Shanbezadeh Mostafa , Mobarak Sara
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

The 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a mysterious and highly infectious disease which was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). The virus poses a great threat for global health and economy. Currently, in the absence of effective treatment or vaccine, leveraging advanced digital technologies is of great importance.

OBJECTIVE

In this respect, Internet of Things (IoT) is useful for smart monitoring and tracing of COVID-19. Therefore, in this study, we have reviewed the literature available on the IoT-enabled solutions to tackle the current COVID-19 outbreak.

METHODS

This Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted an electronic search of articles in the PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Scopus, Science direct, and Web of Science (WOS) databases to formulate a complete view the IoT enabled solutions to monitoring and tracing of COVID-19 according FITT model (Fit between Individual, Task, and Technology).

RESULTS

In the literature review, 28 articles were identified as eligible studies for analysis. This review will provide an overview of technological adoption of IoT in COVID-19 to identify significant users either primary or secondary, required technologies including technical platform, exchange, processing, storage and added value technologies and system tasks or applications in “on-body”, “in-clinic/hospital” and even “in-community” levels.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of IoT along with advanced intelligent and computing technologies for ubiquitous monitoring and tracking of patients in quarantine has made it a critical aspect in fighting the spread of current COVID-19 and even future pandemics.
Le don des formes
Authors: Barilier Étienne
Published: November 2020

Enseigner la littérature, c’est simplement et véritablement la lire, donc en accueillir, en recueillir les richesses ; découvrir et décrire ses constellations, suivre les contours signifiants de ses formes, afin que les étudiants, et nous avec eux, s’en trouvent enrichis, formés.