bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Computational Analysis, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Trypan
Blue Exclusion Assay, β-hematin Assay and Anti-inflammatory Studies of
some Hydrazones (Part-I)
Authors: Mali Suraj N. , Pandey Anima
Published: September 2022

Background:

Hydrazone and its azomethine (-NHN=CH-) derivatives are widely reported
for their immense pharmacological potential. They have also been reported to possess potent
anti-tuberculosis, anti-malarial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activities. Considering
their pharmacological significance, we herein synthesized a set of 10 hydrazones (1S-10S) using
green, biodegradable chitosan and HCl as catalyst.

Methods:

All synthesized compounds were characterized using modern spectroscopic techniques,
including Nuclear magnetic resonance, 1H-/13C-NMR; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
(FT-IR); Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; Mass spectrometry (m/z), etc. Synthesized compounds
were in silico screened using molecular docking, dynamics, pharmacokinetics, theoretical properties,
and common pharmacophore analysis. Moreover, we also subjected all compounds to DPPH
radical scavenging assay, protein denaturation assay, Trypan Blue assay for cell viability assessments,
β-hematin assay for hemozoin inhibition analysis and standard antimicrobial analysis.

Results:

Our results suggested that the synthesized compound 2S had high potency against studied
microbial strains (minimum MIC = 3.12 μg/mL). Our antioxidant analysis for 1S-10S revealed that
our compounds had radical scavenging effects ranging from 25.1-80.3 %. Compounds 2S exhibited
% cell viability of 68.92% (at 100 μg concentration of sample), while the same compound retained
anti-inflammatory % inhibition at 62.16 %. Compound 2S was obtained as the best docked
molecule, with a docking score of -5.32 Kcal/mol with target pdb id: 1d7u protein. Molecular dynamics
simulation and normal mode analysis for 100 ns for 1d7u:2S retained good stability. Finally,
in silico pharmacokinetics, theoretical properties and pharmacophoric features were assessed.

Conclusion:

In summary, synthesized hydrazone exhibited a good biological profile according to
in silico and in vitro studies. However, further in vivo studies are required that may shed more insights
on its potencies.
Development of Pharmacovigilance System in India and Paradigm of Pharmacovigilance Research: An Overview
Authors: Singh Preeti , Vaishnav Yogesh , Verma Shekhar
Published: September 2022

The drugs are projected to cure, prevent and treat diseases; however, there are also chances of mild or severe adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the patients. Pharmacovigilance (PV) enhances the approach to safe medicines and healthcare, but integration into public healthcare remains a challenge in many countries. The Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI) is a nationwide programme launched by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India, on 14 July 2010. It is currently run by the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC). Presently, 567 ADR Monitoring Centres (AMC) are functioning under PvPI across India. The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO), under the Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS), and the Ministry of Health, Family & Welfare (MoHFW) Government of India is the National Regulatory Authority (NRA) of India. This review aims to trace the development of PV in India and its status among the top ADR reporting countries, with a focus on the current status of the studied ADR in different regions in India. Among the top 20 countries enthusiastic about sending ICSR per million population between 2015 and 2020, India shares 2% of the total ICSRs in VigiBase. India is now being recognized as a hub of global clinical trials and clinical research studies. Hence, it is the need of the hour in India to have a dynamic PV network system with an efficient and prudent operation method. Nevertheless, in India, PV programs are at an early stage on par with other countries, and only because of underreporting of ADRs. However, in the future, PvPI may appear as a big dashboard for ADR reporting culture in India as it continuously works hard to improve patients and drug safety.
Epigenetic Modifications in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Li Yi
Published: September 2022

Obesity is a chronic condition that is also a risk factor of several other chronic conditions including type 2 diabetes. The effects of maternal obesity and type 2 diabetes on fetal development and offspring health are mediated through the transmission of epigenetic modifications in addition to the possible permanent changes of the organs caused by the intrauterine environment hypothesized by the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) theory. Epigenetic modifications can be altered by environmental factors including dietary and lifestyle factors. The current priorities include identification and confirmation of the specific epigenetic biomarkers associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes in human subjects and identification of the dietary and lifestyle factors that contribute to each of the identified specific epigenetic biomarkers.
The Assessment of Health Risk Behaviours among the Administrative Staff at an Institution of Higher Education
Authors: Smithdorf Gareth , Reynders Jessica , Meyer Esti , November Rucia , Malema Makhaya
Published: September 2022

Background:

Health risk behaviours can impair an individual's physical and/or mental health. University administrators experience a sedentary lifestyle such as smoking, drinking, unhealthy eating habits, and work-related stress.

Objective:

This study assessed the health risk behaviours of administrators at an institution of higher education in the Western Cape, South Africa.

Methods:

A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted among 67 participants using an online questionnaire, focusing on demographics, work-related stress and environment, lifestyle-related behavior, and physical activity levels. SPSS, version 26 (2020), was used to compute the data.

Results:

The results of this study report significant mean value for administrative staff. Participants reported that they preferred physical activity as a coping mechanism. Administrators admitted to being stressed in their work situation for two weeks or more consecutively and to feeling overwhelmed by the workload. They reported working standard office hours from 08:30 to 16:30. On most days of the week, administrators reported they ate breakfast with at least one drink of alcohol and tried smoking. They spend hours playing video or computer games, sitting at a desk, and have poor sleep quality.

Conclusion:

Health risk behaviors such as smoking, excessive drinking, and having a sedentary lifestyle can harm job productivity.
Recent Advancements and Applications of Phospholipid Complexes:
A Strategy to Enhancing the Bioavailability of Phytopharmaceuticals
Authors: Gaur Praveen Kumar , Singh Rashmi , Rastogi Sameer , Lata Kanak
Published: September 2022

Phytopharmaceuticals are herbal medicines that include standardized extracts, bioactive fractions, and purified phytoconstituents. They have been used for the cure, treatment, and mitigation of diseases since ancient times. Phytopharmaceuticals have a wide array of health benefits but their therapeutic efficacy is limited due to poor absorption, low bioavailability, and early elimination profile. A novel phospholipid complex is a newly introduced patented technology initially developed to incorporate standardized plant extracts/fractions or water-soluble phytoconstituents into phospholipids to produce a lipid compatible molecular complex, called phytosome, which improves their absorption and bioavailability. In herbal formulations, phytosome is the most advanced dosage form that has upgraded absorption rate and improved pharmacokinetics in comparison with conventional products. Phospholipid-complex is the result of hydrogen bonding between phospholipids and phytoconstituents, which offers maximum incorporation of herbal active ingredients into the lipidic layer and core. The increased therapeutic efficacy is due to the formation of amphiphilic phospholipid complex of herbal medicine. This review highlights the role of phospholipids in the delivery of herbal bioactives and natural extracts with special emphasis on phytosomes. Moreover, the current status of bioavailabilities, commercial products, patents, and clinical trials of phytosomal system of phytopharmaceuticals were addressed.
Prevalence of Comorbidities of Psychotic Disorders in Patients
with Substance Use Disorders in Iran Psychiatric Hospital in
Tehran, Iran
Authors: Soraya Shiva , Khaniha Hamidreza Ahmad , Aminpour Afsaneh
Published: September 2022

Background:

Substance use disorders are highly prevalent among psychotic patients
and are associated with poorer clinical outcomes.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of psychotic disorders in substance
users and the epidemiological features of this population.

Material&Methods:

In a cross-sectional study, we investigated 455 outpatient and inpatient
participants with SUD referred to the Iran psychiatric hospital from April, 2020, to March,
2021. All participants were substance users, referred to Iran psychiatric center to follow up on
their comorbidities and psychiatric disorders. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5
(SCID) was used for psychotic disorders and substance use disorder diagnoses. Finally, gathered
data were analyzed by SPSS-25.

Results:

A total of 455 patients were involved in the study. The mean age was 34.66 years, of
which 89.7% were men. The most common main substances include methamphetamine
(39.1%) and heroin (27%). The prevalence of psychotic disorder was 36.7%, and the most
common type was substance-induced psychotic disorder (26.4%) and schizophrenia (8.4%).
There was a significant association between methamphetamine and opium use and the presence
of substance-induced psychotic disorder and schizophrenia, respectively (p˂ 0.001).

Conclusion:

The most common type of substance use was methamphetamine, and the most
common type of psychotic disorder was substance-induced psychotic disorder. There was a
significant association between methamphetamine and opium use and the presence of substance-
induced psychotic disorder and schizophrenia, respectively. It should be noted that this
was a sample of individuals hospitalized for substance abuse. It was not a general population
sample and was very biased toward substance use.
Improvement of Performance of Single and Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cell Using Lowtemperature Surface Passivation Layer and Antireflection Coating
Authors: Jana Tapati , Goswami Romyani
Published: September 2022

In this work, amorphous silicon oxide (a-SiOx:H) and silicon nitride (a-SiNx:H) layers are deposited at a very low substrate temperature of 250oC -300oC by the chemical Vapour deposition technique. Interface charge density (Dit) and fixed charge density (Qf) have been estimated by high frequency (1 MHz) capacitancevoltage measurement on Metal-Insulator–Silicon structure (CV-MIS). The low interface charge density (Dit) reduces the surface recombination velocity. Fixed positive charges (Df) stored in SiOx:H/a-SiNx:H layer forms negative charges at silicon film. The band bending due to negative charges provides a very effective field-induced surface passivation. A significant improvement in efficiency and short circuit current has been observed using developed a-SiOx:H and a-SiNx:H on the front surface of c-Si solar cells. As the refractive index of the films is close to silicon, hence it also acts as an anti-reflection coating (ARC) to reduce optical losses in silicon solar cells.
Organic Solar Cells: Fundamentals, Working Principle and Device Structures
Authors: Sharma Shyam Sunder , Dadhich Atul Kumar , Srivastava Subodh
Published: September 2022

New photovoltaic energy technologies are helping to provide ecologically acceptable renewable energy sources while also lowering carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels and biomass. Organic photovoltaic (OPV) technology is a novel type of solar technology based on conjugated polymers and small molecules. These solar cells have enticed triable attention in recent years due to their potential of providing mechanical flexible, light weight, low cost and environmental friendly solar cells with highly tunable electrical and chemical properties. In particular, bulk-heterojunction organic solar cells (OSCs) made up of a blend of a p-type conjugated polymer as a donor and an n-type semiconductor as an acceptor is thought to be a viable method. The fundamental physics of OSCs, their operating mechanism, novel materials used and device architectures are discussed in this chapter. The technological development for large-area fabrication and the studies on stability issues of the flexible OSCs will be the main focus of the researchers in the next step. The chapter also reviews the present state of OSC production and the problems that it faces, as well as issues of stability and deterioration.
Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Bio-Based Polymers
Authors: Singh Sudarshan , Chunglok Warangkana
Published: September 2022

Bio-based polymers offer a broad range of applications in pharmaceutical engineering. However, their assortment gets constrained owing to variations in structural conformation, which affects the thermomechanical properties during complex formulation. The thermomechanical property of pharmaceutically inactive ingredients provides insight into the thermal expansion, glass transitions temperature, softening point, compositional, and phase changes of biomaterials with different geometries on the application of constant force as a function of temperature. In addition, thermomechanical properties provide fundamental information on network chemical structure, crosslink density, rubbery modulus, failure strain, and toughness. Moreover, the structural composition of polysaccharides also affects the composite’s mechanical properties. Hence, analysis of thermomechanical properties provides valuable information that is applicable in different sectors including aviation, quasistatic loading, electroplating technology, micro-electric, construction, cosmetics, food packaging, and pharmaceutical products. This compilation highlights the basics of thermal and mechanical experiments on bio-based polymers with different fabrication for both technical and pharmaceutical formulations.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Germination in Producing Biologically Active Peptides from Garbanzo Beans
Authors:   University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Newton Ashley , Majumder Kaustav ,   University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Published: September 2022

Interest in plant-based protein, specifically pulse protein, has grown exponentially. Garbanzo beans (Cicer arietinum) have gained interest, as they are commonly consumed in many parts of the world. Bioactive peptides identified in pulse proteins have been shown to increase in concentration when exposed to various processing methods. Germination has been shown to decrease antinutritional factor concentration and increase production of enzymes, resulting in the production of peptides with potential bioactivity. This experiment aims to evaluate the efficacy of germination in producing and increasing the concentration of bioactive peptides in garbanzo beans. Garbanzo beans (GB) were germinated over a 3-day time period, with samples taken at the start of germination (day 0) and day 3. Soluble protein content was analyzed by Lowry’s protein estimation method and peptide content was measured using a fluorometric peptide assay. SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis was performed to investigate proteolytic changes in major storage proteins after germination. Soluble protein content and peptide content were both found to significantly increase after three days of germination. Germination of GB was found to increase the total soluble protein and peptide by 1% and 70%, respectively. Gel electrophoresis revealed the occurrence of proteolysis on day 3, with a disappearance of bands at 65 kDa and 100 kDa, corresponding to vicilin and convicilin, respectively, as well as a decrease in bands around 50 kDa, corresponding to legumin subunits. Future work will involve testing the bioactive potential of peptides derived from germinated GB using cell culture assays and identifying potential bioactive peptides via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Plant-based protein popularity has continued to increase, and there is a large interest in the use of bioactive peptides in pulses. The use of various processing conditions to increase the concentration of bioavailable peptides in pulses can be used to develop functional foods with novel health benefits.
Effects of Particle Size Distribution and Feed Moisture Content on the Techno-functional Properties of Extruded Soybean Meal
Authors:   University of Manitoba, Singh Ravinder , Koksel Filiz ,   University of Manitoba
Published: September 2022

Soybean protein products are the most widely used ingredients in the plant-based foods category. However, soybean meal (SBM), a by-product of the soybean oil extraction process, is still underutilized in human food products due to its inferior techno-functional properties in its raw form. In this research work, mechanically pressed SBM that was milled to three different particle sizes (0.5, 0.75, and 1 mm) was processed using extrusion cooking at three different feed moisture contents (15, 21, and 27 % based on dry SBM weight), and the techno-functional properties of the resulting extruded SBM were characterized. As compared to their raw SBM counterparts, the oil holding capacity of the SBM extrudates significantly (p < 0.05) improved at the highest (27 %) feed moisture content. As expected with thermal treatment, the nitrogen solubility index of SBM significantly (p < 0.05) decreased after extrusion cooking at all the processing conditions studied. Among SBM extrudates, the nitrogen solubility index generally increased when the feed moisture content was decreased from 27 to 15 %, and PSD was increased from 0.75 to 1 mm. Moreover, an increase in feed moisture content generally resulted in enhanced water holding capacity and oil holding capacity of the SBM extrudates. Among all the processing conditions studied, the SBM extrudates produced at 27 % feed moisture content and 0.5 mm PSD showed relatively higher water holding capacity, oil holding capacity, and gel forming capacity. Overall, this research work provided a comprehensive understanding about the techno-functional properties of raw and extruded SBM, offering new possibilities in producing novel ingredients from this food industry by-product through the optimization of processing conditions.
Rubisco Proteins as Plant-based Alternatives to Egg White Proteins: Characterization of Thermal Gelation Properties
Authors:   University of Massachusetts Amherst, Zhou Hualu , Vu Giang ,   University of Massachusetts Amherst, McClements David J. ,   University of Massachusetts Amherst
Published: September 2022

RuBisCO proteins can be isolated from abundant and sustainable plant sources, such as duckweed (e.g., Lemnoideae). These plant-based globular proteins are capable of irreversibly unfolding and forming gels when heated, which means they may be able to mimic some of the functional attributes exhibited by animal globular proteins. In this study, we examined the ability of RuBisCo proteins to mimic the initial rheology and thermal gelation properties of egg white, which the aim of developing plant-based egg analogs. The impact of protein concentration (10-15% w/w), pH (7 to 9), and calcium concentration (0 to 50 mM CaCl2) on the properties of the egg white analogs was examined. The appearance (colorimetry), thermal denaturation (differential scanning calorimetry), thermal gelation (dynamic shear rheology), and texture profiles (compression testing) were measured. RuBisCO-based egg white analogs could be successfully produced at 10% protein content and pH 8 in the absence of salt. These RuBisCO protein solutions had similar apparent viscosity-shear rate profiles, shear modulus-temperature profiles, gelling temperatures, and final gel strengths as egg white. However, there were some differences. RuBisCO protein gels were slightly darker than egg white, which was attributed to the presence of some phenolic impurities. RuBisCo protein exhibited a single thermal transition temperature (~ 66 ℃) whereas egg white exhibited two (~66 and ~81 ℃). RuBisCo protein gels were more brittle but less chewy and resilient than egg white gels. This study provides valuable insights into the potential of RuBisCo protein for formulating plant-based egg white analogs, which may help improve the sustainability of the modern food supply.
Comparing the Structural and Functional Characteristics of Novel Proteins from Pennycress (Thlaspi Arvense) and Camelina Sativa
Authors:   University of Minnesota, Vatansever Serap , Mitacek Rachel ,   University of Minnesota, Narkar Vaidehi ,   General Mills, Ismail Pam ,   University of Minnesota
Published: September 2022

Justification:Global demand sustainable plant protein ingredients is peaking. Camelina and pennycress are sustainable, short season cover crops with high protein content (25-35% protein) and are thus great potential sources of protein ingredients. Developing commercially viable protein ingredients may expand the use of these sustainable crops for various food applications. Objective: The objective was to evaluate and compare the structural and functional attributes of both proteins extracted under optimized and industry feasible conditions. Methods: Defatted meals from seeds of both crops were used to extract protein following optimized salt solubilization coupled with ultrafiltration and alkaline solubilization coupled with isoelectric precipitation. Structural characterization of the protein isolates included evaluating surface hydrophobicity and charge, protein profiles, and state of denaturation. Functional properties including protein solubility, gelation, water holding capacity, and emulsification were also assessed and compared through principal component analysis. Results: Camelina and pennycress protein isolates (CPI, PcPI) from salt extraction were less denatured, and had lower surface charge and hydrophobicity than the alkaline extracted counterparts. There were significant differences in surface properties between CPI and PcPI. Salt-extracted CPI had higher surface charge and lower surface hydrophobicity than PcPI. Both PcPIs had a greater solubility than CPIs. Furthermore, salt-extracted CPI did not form a gel, while CPI from alkaline extraction had good gelation properties. PcPI also had good gelation properties, while its emulsification capacity was significantly lower compared to CPI. Significance: Results indicates that CPI and PcPI have a great potential to be utilized as novel protein ingredients that can replace partially or wholly traditional protein ingredients in various food applications. Knowledge of differences in the structural and functional attributes of these novel proteins allows for targeted selection of most suitable applications. Successful incorporation of these proteins in food systems will result in increasing the value and use of these sustainable crops.
Pengaruh Jenis Pupuk dan Waktu Penyiangan terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Sebayang Husni Thamrin
Published: September 2022

Sebuah percobaan lapang untuk meneliti pengaruh jenis pupuk dan waktu penyiangan gulma pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis. Penelitian ini dilakukan sejak bulan Maret hingga Juni 2021 di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Kelurahan Jatimulyo, Kecamatan Lowokwaru, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur dengan jenis tanah andosol. Penelitian ini dirancang dalam sebuah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama, ialah: Pupuk organik (P1), Pupuk anorganik (P2) dan Pupuk organik+anorganik (P3). Faktor kedua, ialah: Tanpa penyiangan (G0), Penyiangan 21, 42 hst (G1) dan Penyiangan 14, 28, 42 hst (G2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi antara jenis pupuk dan waktu penyiangan pada bobot kering tanaman jagung manis umur 49 hst. Namun, perlakuan jenis pupuk dengan waktu penyiangan tidak berinteraksi pada hasil tanaman jagung manis. Perlakuan pupuk organik+anorganik dengan penyiangan 14, 28, 42 hst meningkatkan bobot kering tanaman. Perlakuan pupuk organik+anorganik dan pupuk anorganik memberikan pengaruh yang sama terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis. Penyiangan 14, 28, 42 hst tidak beda dengan penyiangan 21, 42 hst dalam mengendalikan pertumbuhan gulma serta mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis. Pergeseran vegetasi gulma terjadi pada sebelum dan sesudah olah tanah pada setiap perlakuan.
Efficacy of Kodo Millets Paspalum scrobiculatum: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yadav Shikha
Published: September 2022

In recent times, when the COVID pandemic has hit the world badly, there has been a marked shortage of food, water, and other essentialities, an increase in food pricing which together with other socioeconomic impacts have eventually posed threats to agriculture, food supplies, and nutritional security all over the world. Researchers worldwide are looking for potential solutions to combat poverty and hunger issues. This review focuses on the various medicinal properties of Kodo, its uses in various fields, and prospects where it could be utilized thereafter. The findings of the present rerview revealed that the Kodo millets, Paspalum scrobiculatum: are nutritionally dense when compared to the number of grains consumed. They have a greater mineral content when compared to rice and wheat. Some of them weigh fifty times as much as rice. Finger millet contains thirty times the calcium content of rice, whereas every other millet has at least half the calcium content.
Chaos Theory of Mathematics as seen from a New Perspective for Weather Forecasting
Authors: Rodríguez Ricardo Osés
Published: September 2022

In this work, 8 meteorological variables were modeled in the Yabú station, Cuba, for which the daily database of this meteorological station was used, where the meteorological variables were taken into account are: extreme temperatures, extreme humidity and its average value, precipitation, wind force and cloudiness corresponding to the period 1977 to 2021. A linear mathematical model was obtained using the Objective Regressive Regression (ORR) methodology for each variable, which explains its behavior according to these variables, 15, 13, 10 and 8 years in advance. The calculation of the mean error with respect to the persistence forecast in temperatures, wind strength and cloudiness, as well as the persistence model was better with respect to humidity, this allows having valuable long-term information of the weather in a locality, which results in better decision making in the different aspects of the economy and society that are impacted by the weather forecast. It is concluded that these models allow long-term weather forecasting, opening a new possibility for forecasting, so that weather chaos can be overcome if this way of forecasting is used; moreover, it is the first time that an ORR model is applied to weather forecasting processes for a specific day so many years in advance.
Molecular Genetic of Hemochromatosis Disease using Bioinformatics Tools
Authors: Mishra Rabindra Kumar
Published: September 2022

Hemochromatosis is caused by p.Cys282Tyr mutations in HFE. This study’s objective was to find causal or disease-related variations in people with erythrocytosis of unknown origin who came from a family with clear blood markers and other indicators of congenital erythrocytosis. This research aims to create a new hemochromatosis risk prediction prototype and evaluate psychographic, clinical, and genomic data to improve predictive model performance. In this review, a conditional characterization of primary iron overload, secondary iron overload, and hemochromatosis medical history is established, as well as an analysis of the drug molecules used to treat hemochromatosis. This paper provides Hemochromatosis Gene brand and its operation.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Edmodo dalam Pembelajaran IPA terhadap Hasil Belajar dan Berpikir Kritis Siswa
Authors: Nurmawarni Sukma
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penggunaan edmodo dalam pembelajaran IPA terhadap hasil belajar siswa dan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa dalam pembelajaran sistem organisasi kehidupan. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan desain posttest only control group design. Penentuan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling sesuai dengan kriteria yang ditentukan oleh peneliti sehingga mendapatkan sampel dua kelas, kelas VII A sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VII B sebagai kelas kontrol. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2020/2021. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji statistik berupa uji normalitas, dan uji independent sample t-test. Hasil analisis data pada hasil belajar berdistribusi normal sehingga dilanjutkan dengan melakukan uji independent sample t-test dengan perolehan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,047 0,05 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan signifikan penggunaan edmodo terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Hasil analisis data pada keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa berdistribusi normal, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji parametrik menggunakan uji independent sample t-test dan diperoleh signifikansi  0,013 0,05 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan signifikan penggunaan edmodo terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa.
Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa pada Mata Kuliah Strategi Pembelajaran (Studi Kasus STPI Yogyakarta)
Authors: Nurfaizah Nurfaizah , Putro Khamim Zarkasih , Tejaningrum Dhiarti
Published: September 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk memahami secara mendalam dan mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan pembelajaran pada matakuliah strategi pembelajaran untuk melatih mahasiswa berpikir kritis. Berpikir kritis merupakan sebuah proses yang memiliki tujuan segala keputusan yang diambil berdasarkan fakta yang masuk akal. Berpikir kritis sangat membutuhkan keterampilan dalam mendengar serta membaca yang ditelaah dengan sangat hati-hati, dapat mencari dan memilah asumsi-asumsi yang tersembunyi serta menjajaki konsekuensi dari suatu pernyataan. Subyek penelitian ini ialah dosen dan mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif studi kasus. Dalam menganalisis data menggunakan tiga komponen model Miles dan Huberman, yaitu: reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa mahasiswa mampu berpikir kritis pada matakuliah strategi pembelajaran dan memenuhi beberapa indikator kriteria kemampuan berpikir kritis oleh Ennis yakni: 1) mahasiswa mampu memberikan penjelasan sederhana, 2) mahasiswa dapat membangun keterampilan dasar, 3) bisa menyimpulkan, yang terdiri atas kegiatan mendeduksi, 4) dapat memberikan penjelasan lanjut terhadap suatu masalah, dan 5) mahasiswa dapat menentukan tindakan dan berinteraksi dengan orang lain.
The Influence Of Learning Media As An Efforts To Improve Understanding Of Pancasila Values Through Online Learning
Authors: Saputri Ravita Mega
Published: September 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of instructional media as an effort to increase understanding of Pancasila values through online learning. This study used quasi-experimental research by providing a pre-test post-test control design. In this study, there were two groups, namely the experimental group given to students of Music Arts education and the control group given to German language education students. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire that has been made via google form. The data analysis technique used normality test, data analysis, gain score standard test, and t-test. The results showed that the normality test using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical technique resulted from the pre-test and post-test results for the control class and the experimental class. In the gain score test for the control class 0.23 and the experimental class 0.35. While it is known that the t-test or t-count 3,429 and the t-table value with df 78 at the 5% significance level of 1.664, the value of t-count t-table, the p value is less than 0.05 (p = 0,000 0.05). Thus H0 and H1 are accepted, meaning that there are differences in understanding the values of Pancasila between the control class and the experimental class using different learning media.
Psychiatric ethical issues of transgender people
Authors: Perekhov A. Ya. , Kryuchkova M. N.
Published: September 2022

Today, psychiatric care for people with transgender people in the Russian Federation is difficult due to non-compliance with ethical principles in the work of the psychiatric service. The article deals with the unresolved ethical conflict regarding gender reassignment procedures between proponents of "not allowed, forbidden" with the attitude of psychiatrists to issue permission for sex reassignment only to "real" transsexuals, and supporters of the opposite liberal attitude towards issuing permission. for gender reassignment procedures for almost all applicants. Our article discusses ethical issues to help transgender people. The ethical principles of autonomy, harmlessness and beneficence in this article are intended to help transgender people. The authors ethically write about adding and not adding a transgender diagnosis to the International Classification of Diseases. This article raises concerns about the benefits and harms, the principle of respect for autonomy and the principle of beneficence, in order to provide good quality ethical care for transgender people. The authors discuss the problem of the ethical attitude of a psychiatrist to the mental health of transgender subjects. The authors discuss the ethical problem of the psychiatrist's attitude to the mental health of transgender subjects, medicalization and medical paternalism with the help of transgender people. This article raises considerations about the ethical role of the psychiatrist in gender reassignment procedures for subjects with varying degrees of mental health. The authors propose an algorithm for providing psychiatric care to persons who have undergone gender reassignment, which includes an in-depth examination by psychiatrists, psychologists, sexologists and a collegial conclusion on the state of mental health of a transgender person in the triad: mentally healthy or "have mental disorders", "borderline" or "mental psychotic disorders".
Biomarkers of anaphylaxis
Authors: Esakova N. V. , Lebedenko A. A. , Pampura A. N.
Published: September 2022

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening, systemic hypersensitivity reaction that develops rapidly and can lead to death. The diagnosis of anaphylaxis continues to be primarily clinical. Therefore, a large number of studies are initiated annually aimed at a deeper study of the mechanisms of the development of this disease and the search for its biomarkers, which could become an important tool to facilitate the verification of diagnosis, prevention and risk assessment of repeated episodes of anaphylaxis, stratification of the severity of its course, the risk of life-threatening episodes of systemic reactions, and be important in the development of new therapeutic strategies. This review provides information on the currently available data on potential biomarkers of anaphylaxis.
Clinical course and features of the diagnosis of infectious endocarditis in the elderly
Authors: Stepchenko M. A. , Meshcherina N. S. , Hardikova E. M. , Moskalyuk M. I. , Maltseva I. O.
Published: September 2022

Infectious endocarditis is a formidable disease characterized by an extremely unfavorable prognosis in its natural course. Analyzing the literature data, it can be noted that the frequency of infectious endocarditis in the Russian Federation has relatively high prevalence rates in relation to other countries. Currently, the problem of early diagnosis of infectious endocarditis remains relevant. Despite the fact that the diagnosis of infectious endocarditis has improved, mainly as a result of the improvement of echocardiographic and microbiological approaches, the introduction of new antibacterial drugs and cardiac surgery technologies into clinical practice, the clinical picture, changes in laboratory parameters can lead to the exclusion of immuno-inflammatory, rheumatic, oncological, hematological diseases, complicating and delaying the diagnosis of infectious endocarditis. The first clinical signs of infectious endocarditis may be nonspecific, and the disease remains unrecognized for weeks or even months. The high frequency of thrombotic, thrombohemorrhagic complications indicates profound changes in the hemostasis system in infectious endocarditis and the need to disclose the pathogenesis of these disorders. The combination of these factors led to the late diagnosis of this disease in the patient. The aim of the study is to study the possibility of improving the results of diagnosis and therapy of patients with infectious endocarditis in clinical practice.
Phenomenology of ideas of gender change in patients with schizotypic disorder
Authors: Vvedensky G. E.
Published: September 2022

Objective: a psychopathological analysis of the ideas of sex change and a description of the state of the sexual sphere in patients with schizotypal disorder. Materials and methods: we examined 38 patients who applied with a request to change their passport sex and were diagnosed with schizotypal disorder, 27 of them were women, 9 were men. Methods: clinical-psychopathological, sexological. To assess the sexual sphere and identify the motivation for changing sex and plans for the future a specially designed questionnaire was used. Results: variants of the ideas of gender reassignment were identified: obsessive, fixed, dominant, overvalued, delusional, their features specific to schizotypal disorder were described. For each variant, varying degrees of severity of violations of criticality and features of sexual behavior are described. An analysis of the characteristics of the sexual sphere of the studied groups showed the predominance of delays in psychosexual development and the associated deactualization of this sphere. In order to characterize the ability to adequately assess one's state, it is necessary to assess criticality as a variant of capacity, the issue of its methodology needs to be developed. Conclusions: the selected options differ in the degree of violation of criticality, which should be taken into account when deciding whether to change the passport gender.
Clinical case of gender dysphoria in a patient with a procedural disease
Authors: Kovalev A. I. , Bukhanovskaya O. A. , Dyachenko A. V. , Temirova M. A.
Published: September 2022

The article presents the current state of the problem of patients with gender dysphoria. The heterogeneity of clinical groups within which this phenomenon occurs is shown. It is indicated that a thorough clinical and paraclinical examination is necessary for the correct choice of further therapeutic and diagnostic tactics. As an example, a clinical case of a 14-year-old patient who applied to a medical center due to dissatisfaction with her sexual identity, as well as problems of increasing social maladaptation, in the form of self-harm and suicidal behavior is given. During the examination, the patient was diagnosed with schizotypal disorder in which optional symptoms developed in the form of gender dysphoria due to the presence of symptoms of dysmorphic mania in combination with affective manifestations. Correctly chosen therapeutic tactics led to stabilization of the patient's condition and complete relief of symptoms of gender dysphoria.
Catalytic Co-gasification of Lignites Blended with a Forest Residue under the Carbon Dioxide Stream
Authors: Vamvuka Despina , Loulashi Christia
Published: September 2022

The present study investigated the co-gasification of two different lignites blended with the forest residue collected from the land restoration activity sites of open-pit mines located in the region of the Ptolemais basin in North Greece performed under the carbon dioxide stream. All samples were devolatilized in a fixed bed unit prior to the gasification evaluations. The gasification evaluations were performed using a thermal analysis system (TG/DTG) operated at temperatures of up to 1000 °C. The reactivity, conversion, cold gas efficiency, and influence of the external catalysts CaO and K2CO3 were assessed in the evaluations. The reaction rate of the forest residue was 2–3 folds higher than that of the lignites, with the conversion of the former reaching a value of 96.4% (dry basis), while the conversion of the lignites varied between 43.4% and 51.6%. The peak inflection temperature was in the range of 859–939 °C. The reactivity of the lignite/biomass blends was higher than that of the lignites, and the final conversion was increased by approximately 30%. When individual biochars were impregnated with 30% CaO or K2CO3, the process occurred at lower temperatures, and the conversion of the lignites increased by 35%–40% while that of the forest residue reached a value of 100%. The CaO catalyst performed better. Finally, a blend of equal amounts of Kardia lignite or Ahlada lignite and the forest residue with 30% CaO was formulated, which resulted in an 89.6% or 71.7% conversion to carbon monoxide gas, respectively.
Molecular detection of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Toxins and Colonization Factors from Diarrheic Children in Pediatric Teaching Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Authors: Rasul Hezhan Faeq , Muhammed Sirwan  Muhsin , Arif Hunar Hiwa , Jalal Paywast Jamal
Published: September 2022

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one well-established causative agent of diarrhea in the developing countries among young children. This prospective study was performed at Laboratories of University of Sulaimani (in Sulaymaniyah City/Iraq) from September to October 2021which aimed to determine the prevalence of ETEC among children and the most prevalence colonization factor (CFA/I) among ETEC. One hundred and twenty-five fresh stool samples were collected from hospitalized – children with diarrhea at Dr. Jamal Ahmed Rashid’s Pediatric Teaching Hospital. The collected samples were cultured on MacConkey and eosin methylene blue agar as selective and differential media for Gram- negative bacteria. Colonies were identified through Gram staining and biochemical tests including: Indole, methyl red, and catalase reaction test. Vitek-2 machine was depended to test some obtained isolates. Most of isolates (60%) showed positive results for E. coli – out of this percentage, 14 (18.66%) were positive for ETEC using polymerase chain reaction assay identifying stable and labile toxins (LTs). It was noticed that all of the ETEC isolates were stable toxin producer isolates whereas LT producer isolates were not identified. Colonization factor 5 (CS5) has been detected among three ETEC isolates (21.42%), meanwhile, 11 isolates (78.57%) have not expressed colonization factors at all.
Photosynthetic Pigments and Stomata Characteristics of Cowpea (Vigna sinensis savi) under the Effect of X-Ray Radiation
Authors: Albarzinji Ikbal Muhammed , Anwar Arol Muhsen , Karim Hawbash Hamadamin , Ahmed Mohammed Othman
Published: September 2022

This study was conducted in the field and laboratories of the faculty of science and health-Koya university by exposing the seeds of cowpea plant (Vigna sinensis Savi) var. California black-eye to X-ray radiation in two different locations (In target or 30 cm out of target) inside the radiation chamber, for four different exposure times (0, 5, 10, or 20 min), to study the effect on some characteristics of seedling components. Results show that the exposure location to X-ray had non-significant effects on cowpea leaves content of photosynthetic pigments, whereas each of time of exposure with interaction between location and time of exposure had significant effects on chlorophyll a, total chlorophylls, and total carotenoids pigments. Regarding the X-ray effects on stomata characteristics, the results detect that there were non-significant differences between the location of exposure on stomata number on abaxial leaves surfaces and stomata length on adaxial leaves surfaces, whereas a significant effects on number of stomata on the adaxial leaves surfaces, abaxial stomata length, abaxial, and adaxial stomata width were detect. Exposing cowpea seeds to X-ray radiation in the target of the radiation source increased significantly stem and leave dry matter percent compared with the one out of the target location, whereas increasing the time of exposure decreased the percent of dry matter of stem and leaves. It is concluded that exposing cowpea seeds to X-ray leads to changes in photosynthetic pigments, stomata characteristics, and plant dry matter content.
Thinking Aloud or Screaming Inside: Exploratory Study of Sentiment Around Work
Authors: Hoque Tania Marzia , Hossain Md Razon , Jahanara Nuzhat , Andreev Ilya , Clifton David A
Published: September 2022

Background

Millions of workers experience work-related ill health every year. The loss of working days often accounts for poor well-being because of discomfort and stress caused by the workplace. The ongoing pandemic and postpandemic shift in socioeconomic and work culture can continue to contribute to adverse work-related sentiments. Critically investigating state-of-the-art technologies, this study identifies the research gaps in recognizing workers’ need for well-being support, and we aspire to understand how such evidence can be collected to transform the workforce and workplace.

Objective

Building on recent advances in sentiment analysis, this study aims to closely examine the potential of social media as a tool to assess workers’ emotions toward the workplace.

Methods

This study collected a large Twitter data set comprising both pandemic and prepandemic tweets facilitated through a human-in-the-loop approach in combination with unsupervised learning and meta-heuristic optimization algorithms. The raw data preprocessed through natural language processing techniques were assessed using a generative statistical model and a lexicon-assisted rule-based model, mapping lexical features to emotion intensities. This study also assigned human annotations and performed work-related sentiment analysis.

Results

A mixed methods approach, including topic modeling using latent Dirichlet allocation, identified the top topics from the corpus to understand how Twitter users engage with discussions on work-related sentiments. The sorted aspects were portrayed through overlapped clusters and low intertopic distances. However, further analysis comprising the Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoner suggested a smaller number of negative polarities among diverse subjects. By contrast, the human-annotated data set created for this study contained more negative sentiments. In this study, sentimental juxtaposition revealed through the labeled data set was supported by the n-gram analysis as well.

Conclusions

The developed data set demonstrates that work-related sentiments are projected onto social media, which offers an opportunity to better support workers. The infrastructure of the workplace, the nature of the work, the culture within the industry and the particular organization, employers, colleagues, person-specific habits, and upbringing all play a part in the health and well-being of any working adult who contributes to the productivity of the organization. Therefore, understanding the origin and influence of the complex underlying factors both qualitatively and quantitatively can inform the next generation of workplaces to drive positive change by relying on empirically grounded evidence. Therefore, this study outlines a comprehensive approach to capture deeper insights into work-related health.