bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intention regulates conflicting desires in human decision making
Authors: Cheng Shaozhe , Tang Ning , Zhao Yang , Zhou Jifan , shen mowed , Gao Tao
Published: January 2022

It is an ancient insight that human actions are driven by desires. This insight inspired the formulation that a rational agent acts to maximize expected utility (MEU), which has been widely used in psychology for modeling theory of mind and in artificial intelligence (AI) for controlling machines’ actions. Yet, it's rather unclear how humans act coherently when their desires are complex and often conflicting with each other. Here we show desires do not directly control human actions. Instead, actions are regulated by an intention — a deliberate mental state that commits to a fixed future rather than taking the expected utilities of many futures evaluated by many desires. Our study reveals four behavioral signatures of human intention by demonstrating how human sequential decision-making deviates from the optimal policy based on MEU in a navigation task: “Disruption resistance” as the persistent pursuit of an original intention despite an unexpected change has made that intention suboptimal; “Ulysses-constraint of freedom” as the proactive constraint of one’s freedom by avoiding a path that could lead to many futures, similar to Ulysses’s self-binding to resist the temptation of the Siren’s song; “Enhanced legibility” as an active demonstration of intention by choosing a path whose destination can be promptly inferred by a third-party observer; “Temporal leap” as committing to a distant future even before reaching the proximal one. Our results showed how the philosophy of intention can lead to discoveries of human decision-making, which can also be empirically compared with AI algorithms. The findings showing that to define a theory of mind, intention should be highlighted as a distinctive mental state in between desires and actions, for quarantining conflicting desires from the execution of actions.
Boundaries and borders gone! But life goes on
Authors: Nave Kathryn
Published: January 2022

Unlike machines, living systems are distinguished by the continual destruction and regeneration of their boundaries and other components. Stable Markov blankets may be a real feature of the world, or they may be merely a construction of particular models, but they are neither a feature of organisms nor of any model that can capture the necessary conditions of their existence.
Validation of the German Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory and construction of a brief form using Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: Jauk Emanuel , Olaru Gabriel , Schürch Eva , Back Mitja , Morf Carolyn
Published: January 2022

Narcissism is a multifaceted construct commonly conceptualized as comprising grandiose and vulnerable aspects in a two-factor model. While the manifold correlates of these aspects imposed a challenge for research on the structure of narcissism, recent models converge in a three-factor structure of agentic-extraverted, antagonistic, and neurotic aspects, capturing variance in different conceptualizations and correlates of narcissism. We construct and validate a German adaptation of the Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI; Glover et al., 2012), a measure assessing these aspects based on the Five-Factor Model. In eight samples (N = 2,921), we found the German FFNI to align with both, two- and three-factor models. The factors display good criterion validity with other narcissism measures, (non-)clinical personality dimensions, interpersonal styles, and (mal-)adaptive adjustment. Neurotic and antagonistic narcissism discriminated between individuals with/without mental disorder diagnoses, and displayed a characteristic profile in incarcerated offenders. Since the FFNI is comprehensive but long, we constructed a 30-item brief-form (FFNI-BF) optimizing the internal structure and external validity using Ant Colony Optimization. The FFNI-BF displayed good psychometric characteristics and similar, in certain aspects even advantageous criterion validity. We conclude that the German FFNI validly measures key aspects of narcissism, and the FFNI-BF captures these in a concise manner.
Producing filler-gap dependencies: structural priming evidence for two distinct types of combinatorial processes in production
Authors: Momma Shota
Published: January 2022

A previous model of long-distance dependency production claims that speakers compose clause-taking verbs like believe and the complementizer of their complement clauses (that or the null complementizer) differently when there is a cross-clausal filler-gap dependency crossing the complementizer structure (e.g., Who did the breeder believe (that) the dog bit?) than when there is not (e.g., The breeder believed (that) the dog bit them.). This claim implicates two distinct structures headed by clause-taking verbs like believe. Under a certain assumption about the lexical boost effect, this model predicts that the lexical boost effect for the that priming occurs only when prime and target sentences both contain a cross-clausal filler-gap dependency or when neither does. In the current study, a computational model of structural priming implementing the core claims of the previous filler-gap dependency production model was built to show that this prediction coherently follows from the model. The prediction of the model was then tested in five recall based structural priming experiments. Speakers showed a larger complementizer priming when prime and target sentences share a clause-taking verb (i.e., the lexical boost effect). But the lexical boost effect was selective to when both prime and target sentences contained a cross-clausal filler-gap dependency (Experiment 3) and when neither did (Experiment 1). Critically, the lexical boost effect was absent when only either prime or target sentences contained a filler-gap dependency crossing the complementizer structure (Experiments 2, 4, and 5), confirming the prediction of the model.
The action-sentence compatibility effect (ACE) a benchmark finding for embodiment - A meta-analysis
Authors: Winter Alice , Dudschig Carolin , Kaup Barbara
Published: January 2022

The embodied account of language comprehension has been one of the most influentialtheoretical developments in the recent decades addressing the question how humanscomprehend and represent language. To examine its assumptions, many studies havemade use of behavioral paradigms involving basic compatibility effects. Theaction–sentence compatibility effect (ACE) is one of the most influential of thesecompatibility effects and is the most widely cited evidence for the assumptions of theembodied account of language comprehension. However, recently there have beendifficulties to extend or even to reliably replicate the ACE. The conflicting findingsconcerning the ACE and its extensions lead to the discussion whether the ACE isindeed a reliable effect or whether it might be the product of publication bias or otherdistorting research practices. In a first step we conducted a meta-analysis using arandom-effects model. This analysis revealed a small but significant effect size of theACE (d = .129, p = .007). A second meta-analytic approach supports these findings ofthe existence of an ACE (Fisher’s method: χ2 = 124.379, p < .001). Furthermore, thetask-parameter Delay occurred as a factor of interest in whether the ACE appears withpositive or negative effect direction. This meta-analysis further assessed for potentialpublication bias and suggests that there is bias in the ACE literature.
Mental health stigma and help-seeking intentions in police employees
Authors: Grupe Daniel W
Published: January 2022

Mental health problems among police employees are exacerbated by negative attitudes and beliefs around mental health help-seeking perpetuated by police culture. We collected anonymous survey data from 259 civilian and commissioned police employees to test hypothesized relationships among help-seeking stigma, help-seeking attitudes, and intended help-seeking behavior. Results demonstrated that mental help-seeking stigma was negatively associated with help-seeking attitudes, and in turn with reduced mental health help-seeking intentions. Structural equation modeling provided support for a model linking help-seeking stigma, help-seeking attitudes, and intentions to seek help. This path model was moderated by psychological distress and previous participation in mindfulness training, which had opposing effects on help-seeking stigma and (indirectly) on intended help-seeking. These results support the hypothesis that stigma around mental health help-seeking contributes to reduced help-seeking intentions, and provide insight into policies, practices, and interventions that police agencies may enact to combat stigma and positively influence mental health help-seeking.
Phonological Constraints on the Utterance of L2 Clusters by Saudi ESL Learners
Authors: Al-Otaibi Abdullah Nijr
Published: January 2022

The field of L2 phonology did not receive much research compared to the other linguistic domains. To add to the field and expand the current literature, the present paper’s goal was to examine the impact of syllable structure differences between Arabic and English in uttering L2 English consonant clusters. The following research question was aimed to be answered: Do the differences between two languages’ syllable structure cause production difficulties in the consonant cluster to Saudi Arabian learners of English? The subjects of this investigation were L2 English learners from Saudi with intermediate proficiency levels in English. Applying the descriptive correlational type of research model, the results showed that learners’ production is mainly influenced by their native language-specific phonological features. The learners’ production of targeted L2 consonant clusters seemed to mirror their underlying phonological system, and syllables structures were modified to match their native Arabic phonological system as a result of language transfer. These findings should be taken into account by L2 speech educators as such speech difficulty is anticipated.
The Voice of Learners on English Literary Texts: Passing on the Mantle
Authors: Samat Norhanim Abdul , Azmi Nur Alwani Syahirah , Abdullah Tina
Published: January 2022

This study examines how pre-service teachers assess the appropriateness of literary texts used by high school students in terms of learners’ age, linguistic needs, and language proficiency. It also aims to determine the relevance of the texts used to learners’ cultural understanding. The participants in this study were five pre-service teachers who participated in a content analysis study of five literary texts. They analyzed the content of the texts using the four categories of textbook evaluation criteria proposed by Tomlinson (2001), namely, media-specific criteria, content-specific criteria, learner-specific criteria, and language criteria. The evaluation results were positive. All participants agreed that all five texts were appropriate for high school learners, with average levels of compliance ranging from moderate to appropriate. In addition to selecting texts that are appropriate for the learners’ language level, the topics and issues addressed in the texts should also be appropriate for the learners’ interest, so the selection of literary texts is crucial. Finally, more local texts should be selected for the English literature curriculum to highlight local cultures and practices. It is expected that this study will contribute to English language teaching as the findings of this study will provide necessary information to those who are concerned with the selection of appropriate literary texts for schools. In addition, this study will raise awareness among teachers and curriculum designers of the need to consider learners’ level of competence when evaluating and selecting from the many literary texts available.
Decline and Fall, Growth and Spread, or Resilience? Approaches to Studying How and Why Societies Change
Authors: Hoyer Daniel
Published: January 2022

An avid reader of history will be quite familiar with the rich, emotive narratives detailing the tragic decline and ultimate fall of once mighty civilizations; Rome succumbing to barbarian hordes, Alexander of Macedon’s and Chinggis Khan’s spear-won empires splitting into warring factions, and the demise of the great Inca or Maya civilizations are just a few such examples. On the other side of the stacks, similarly grandiose narratives document some group’s incredible growth and spread taking over vast territories and populations. These tell typically of societies coming to dominate a region, often in the face of overwhelming odds and tribulation or through some precocious development of a key technology or strategy that later becomes widespread. Here, I take stock of previous approaches to studying function – from growth and development to crisis and collapse to resilience – and ask what is the most fruitful lens with which to view fluctuations in how societies function and change over time, as this review essay attempts to accomplish.
The Ideology of English-as-the-global-language in Taiwan’s Private English Language Schools
Authors: Chang Jackie
Published: January 2022

English is regarded as a key to globalization or internationalization and future success for Taiwan and its people. One of the most extraordinary results of English-as-the-global-language of English teaching and learning in Taiwan is private English language schools are ubiquitous. Research into how private English language schools weld together English-as-the-global-language and English teaching and learning has yet received much attention. This study aims to investigate how Taiwan’s private English language schools’ television commercials market English-as-the-global-language and what the underlying ideologies of English-as-the-global-language are. Exploring the ideology of English-as-the-global-language, Critical Discourse Analysis was employed herein to analyze 106 private English language school television commercials produced from 2000 to 2020 in Taiwan. The results indicate that English as the key to internationalization and future success is an ideology. Moreover, the ideological concept of English-as-the-global-language is central to English teaching and learning ideologies in Taiwan, such as an early start in English learning, English-only as the ideal English teaching method, and native-speaker norms in English teaching and learning.
Transition to Parenthood, Gender and Well-Being: A Longitudinal Study of the United Kingdom
Authors: Metzger Sandrine , Gracia Pablo
Published: January 2022

Previous studies have omitted a dynamic analysis to examine systematically how the transition into parenthood shapes gendered mental health trajectories. This paper adopts a life-course approach to study gender differences in how the transition into parenthood affects multiple indicators of parents’ mental health over time, using high-quality panel data from the ‘UK Household Longitudinal Study’ (2009-2020). Results from fixed effects models with discrete-time trends show that: (1) mothers’ mental health is more largely affected –both positively and negatively– by the transition to parenthood than fathers’; (2) mothers’ overall mental health shows a distinctive positive anticipation and adaptation around childbirth, while fathers show insignificant changes in this transition; (3) becoming a parent decreases the risks of depressive moods for both genders, with long-lasting effects for mothers; (4) stress and energy levels show a deterioration during care-intensive years for both parents, particularly among women; (5) mothers from higher socioeconomic backgrounds experience lower mental health outcomes during care-intensive years. Overall, this study demonstrates the relevance of parenthood transitions in shaping gendered effects on specific mental health outcomes, with distinct implications for women and men over time, as well as across socioeconomic groups.
Improving Classroom Observation through Training: A qualitative Study in College of Technology in Oman
Authors: AL-Balushi Haroun Mohammed Abdullah , Saad Noor Saazai bt Mat
Published: January 2022

Historically, classroom observations have been conducted in educational establishments for different purposes such as evaluation of teachers, promotion, curriculum design, or professional development. In this study, the researchers aimed to improve the effectiveness of the classroom observation process in an English Language Center based in a College of Technology in the Sultanate of Oman. The study adopted a qualitative research methodology and semi-structured interviews as the data collection tool. In the first stage, observers and teachers were interviewed to understand the existing classroom observation process. Based on the initial data, a training program was developed with materials from international good practice projects. Finally, the changes were identified through the second set of interviews with the participants. The major results of this study suggest that the training program contributed positively to the perceived effectiveness of the classroom observation process, reduced anxiety related to this process, and led to more balanced participation from both the observers and the teachers. Moreover, the implementation of the pre-observation conferences started taking place and post-observation meetings included more constructive feedback. This study adds to the literature on the importance of classroom observation training with a practical training program. This practical approach can be adopted in similar contexts with some adaptation to meet the specific needs of educational institutions. The researchers suggest a qualitative research approach to accompany any such future training to measure the effects of the training program.
Gender, Sexuality, and Religion: A Critical Integrative Review and Agenda for Future Research
Authors: Schnabel Landon , Abdelhadi Eman , Zaslavsky Katherine Ann Ally , Ho Jacqueline , Torres-Beltran Angie
Published: January 2022

This article sets forth a critical integrative review of the study of gender, sexuality, and religion. Treating religion as a cause, an effect, and an intermediary factor in relation to gender and sexuality, it draws on and synthesizes multiple theoretical approaches including gender and queer lenses on religion, cultural analysis, and intersectionality. The article is structured around ten big-picture questions about gender, sexuality, and religion and argues that gender and sexuality are a key symbolic boundary and cultural divide in religious and political life in the United States and around the world. It concludes with an agenda for future research.
Going beyond the Text: Interactional Competence in Reading Comprehension Class
Authors: Jawhar Sabria Salama , Alhawsawi Sajjadllah , Walsh Steve
Published: January 2022

Drawing on the principles underlying conversation analysis (CA), this paper is a single case analysis of interaction in an English as a foreign language (EFL) reading comprehension classroom in Saudi Arabia. It looks at learning from a sociocultural perspective and uses constructs from this theoretical perspective. It focuses on Classroom Interactional Competence (CIC) (Walsh, 2013), showing classroom interaction features that are considered CIC. The paper reflects how an understanding of the concept can lead to more dialogic, engaged learning environments. The paper also connects CIC to teachers’ ability to manipulate simple classroom interactional resources to make the teaching process more effective. The paper demonstrates how teachers can induce CIC by utilizing interactional techniques, such as relaxing the mechanism and speed through which turns are taken or given, use of active listenership devices, extending wait time, and use of open-ended questions to expand topics under development. The paper argues that those techniques will help teachers, as evidenced from the cited examples, further enhance classroom participation so that it is convergent with their pedagogical goals. Finally, the paper has pedagogical implementations as it sheds light on techniques that help promote classroom interaction as an indication of learning among students with limited linguistic resources.
No Country for Non-Graduate Men: The Childish Roots of Adult Job Tasks & Employment
Authors: Sandher Jeevun
Published: January 2022

Male employment has declined across advanced economies as non-graduate men found it increasingly difficult to gain jobs in the wake of technological change and globalisation. This has led to rising earnings and, subsequently, income inequality. Female employment, by contrast, has risen in this period. Previous work has shown changing job task demands explain this pattern - with declining manual tasks penalising men and rising non-routine tasks benefiting women. In this paper, I test whether gendered differences in childhood \& adolescent cognitive, social, perseverance, and emotional-health skills can help explain why men are less adept at non-routine tasks using long-term longitudinal data from the United Kingdom. I find that childhood \& adolescent skills have a significant effect on adult job tasks and employment outcomes. Greater cognitive and childhood emotional-health skills lead to people performing more high-pay analytical and interactive job tasks as adults. Greater cognitive and non-cognitive skills are also associated with higher adult employment levels. Indicative calculations show that gendered differences in these childhood and adolescent skills explain an economically significant decline in the analytical and interactive job tasks performed by non-graduate men as well as their employment rates.
Reducing Sexual-Orientation Discrimination: Experimental Evidence from Basic Information Treatments
Authors: Aksoy Cevat Giray , Carpenter Christopher S. , De Haas Ralph , Dolls Mathias , Windsteiger Lisa
Published: January 2022

We study basic information treatments regarding sexual orientation using randomized experiments in three countries with strong and widespread anti-gay attitudes: Serbia, Turkey, and Ukraine. Participants who received information about the economic costs to society of sexual-orientation discrimination were significantly more likely than those in a control group to support equal employment opportunities based on sexual orientation. Information that the World Health Organization (WHO) does not regard homosexuality as a mental illness increased social acceptance of sexual minorities, but only for those who reported trust in the WHO. Our results have important implications for policy makers aiming to expand the rights of lesbian, gay, and bisexual people worldwide.
The Dynamics of Privately Held Business Assets in the United States
Authors: Pernell Kimberly , Wodtke Geoffrey
Published: January 2022

Although privately held businesses are central to the American economy, little is known about how their assets are distributed among the population. In this study, we describe the household distribution of private business assets in the United States and examine how it has changed over time. Using data from the 1989-2019 Survey of Consumer Finances, we show that the relative number of business owners has remained stagnant at low levels and that assets in privately held firms have become increasingly concentrated among the wealthiest owners over time. At the most recent wave of data collection, the top 1% of households controlled nearly 80% of private business assets, up from about 70% in the late 1980s. We attempt to explain this trend by evaluating how technological change, the financialization of banking, and rising market power have influenced the distribution of private business assets in recent decades. Our findings suggest that all three factors contributed to increasing asset concentration in this sector.
KAJIAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI MENELUSURI REALITAS PERKOSAAN PADA PELAKU DI BAWAH UMUR
Authors: Kosvianti Emi
Published: January 2022

Buku yang diberi judul “Menelusuri Realitas Perkosaan pada Pelaku Dibawah Umur” ini diangkat dari hasil penelitian yang berjudul “Konstruksi Sosial dan Respon Masyarakat terhadap Perkosaan pada Anak Laki-laki sebagai Pelaku” Hal ini menarik untuk diungkap karena umumnya dalam sebuah tindak perkosaan lebih sering melibatkan orang dewasa, sedangkan terkait fenomena pelaku anak dibawah umur dalam kasus perkosaan masih relatif jarang dibahas, baik dalam penelitian maupun bukubuku referensi kesehatan reproduksi. Pada studi kualitatif yang dilakukan melibatkan sebanyak 29 informan; remaja laki-laki berusia antara 14 hingga 18 tahun yang merupakan sebagai pelaku perkosaan. Penelitian yang dilakukan berafiliasi dengan Lembaga Pemasyarakatan yang ada di wilayah provinsi Bengkulu, dimana masing-masing informan sedang manjalani masa hukuman karena terlibat dalam kasus perkosaan. Untuk dapat melakukan penelusuran secara mendalam terhadap setiap informan, penulis memutuskan untuk mengambil pendekatan fenomenologi, ini dipilih sebagai cara yang lebih cocok untuk menafsirkan atau menginterpretasikan pengalaman dengan memperhatikan dan mengobservasi konsteks kehidupan dari masing-masing partisipan, seperti konteks sosial dan budaya dimana mereka menjalani kehidupannya.
HUKUM PIDANA KHUSUS GRATIFIKASI DALAM SKEMA PERDAGANGAN ORGAN TUBUH MANUSIA
Authors: IQBAL MUHAMAD
Published: January 2022

Dalam buku ini membahas tentang hukum pidana khusus gratifikasi dalam skema perdagangan organ tubuh manusia. Indonesia merupakan negara berkembang yang masih terbelenggu pada kesenjangan ekonomi yang mendera rakyatnya, hal tersebut dapat dilihat pada beberapa kasus dimana masyarakat yang secara sukarela menjual organ tubuhnya demi mendapatkan uang dengan nominal tertentu. Perkembangan teknologi khususnya di bidang kesehatan mengalami kemajuan yang begitu pesat, khususnya dalam upaya mencari metode pengobatan atas beberapa jenis penyakit. Salah satunya adalah upaya pengobatan yang tergolong baru yakni pencangkokan organ tubuh (Transplantasi) untuk beberapa organ tubuh seperti ginjal, hati, paru-paru, dan tulang. Namun kemajuan teknologi di bidang kesehatan tersebut tidak diimbangi dengan kemajuan dalam hal sistem hukum terutama hukum mengatur secara khusus mengenai penyalahgunaan kemampuan para Tenaga Kesehatan.
Some Symmetric Curvature Conditions on Kenmotsu Manifolds
Authors: Shah Riddhi Jung
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we study locally and globally φ-symmetric Kenmotsu manifolds. In both curvature conditions, it is proved that the manifold is of constant negative curvature - 1 and globally φ-Weyl projectively symmetric Kenmotsu manifold is an Einstein manifold. Finally, we give an example of 3-dimensional Kenmotsu manifold.
Leaning On Our Academic Shields of Gendered Support
Authors: Genao Soribel , Beeman Angie , Melaku Tsedale M.
Published: January 2022

Intersectionality reminds us that women of color face a particular kind of marginalization due to both gendered and racial oppression and underrepresentation. As such, they are more often “presumed incompetent” and may not feel as innately supported in social and professional structures as their white male and female counterparts. Additionally, the silencing effect of being one of very few women of color in academic departments puts us at risk for further marginalization, requiring that we engage in significant invisible labor that is neither recognized nor compensated. Grounded on our intersectionalities, we discuss our respective trajectories within our own fields and research, beginning with research that emphatically perpetuates the cycle of gender inequity in the academy. The discussion is then supported by analyzing the theoretical research on the salience of race, gender, and other axes of identity for the experiences of women of color. As authors, we present these narratives in an attempt to engage with ways of reflexivity that are, especially for women of color in academia, not usually discussed.
(Other)sistering: Black Women Education Leadership Faculty Aligning Identity, Scholarship, and Practice Through Peer Support and Accountability
Authors: Gray-Nicolas Nakia M. , Modeste Marsha E. , Miles Nash Angel , Tabron Lolita A.
Published: January 2022

This inquiry offers insight into how Black women assistant professors traverse the challenging journey toward tenure while acknowledging their connection to their students and communities, research, teaching, and service. By employing a phenomenological approach and utilizing Black feminist thought and community cultural wealth as conceptual and theoretical frameworks, this research advances scholarship identifying commonalities across Black women’s experiences. Further, we offer implications for how the academy can support Black women and other professionals from marginalized populations. Findings include how Black women assistant professors develop and create dynamic support systems amongst themselves to combat the multiple marginalizations of their positionality in the academy––a place where they are historically “outsiders.”
ROYAL WAQF IN PERAK: A LEGAL AND HISTORICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Md. Dahlan Salehuddin , Nor Asiah Mohamad  , Nuarrual Hilal Md Dahlan
Published: January 2022

This paper analyses the legal and historical development of waqf made by Sultan Idris Murshidul' adzam Shah in Perak (1849 to 1916). There are many untraceable, lost, and perished waqfs in Malaysia. However, Sultan Idris’s waqf is an exception which still exists since its establishment in 1917. As such, this research intends to explore its sustainability factors. The research methodology used is the doctrinal and non-doctrinal research methods. The doctrinal method is used to analyse the enactments, government gazettes, audit reports, journal articles, and history books. Meanwhile, the non-doctrinal legal method, namely semi-structured interview, clarifies findings and information gathered from various documents. The research is essential as there is a lack of comprehensive research done on waqf made by the Sultans or the Head of State in Malaysia. The researcher finds that  the waqf was an established under written legal instrument;  the waqf by Sultan Idris was made based on the English law of trust, but the spirit and principles of waqf to permanently benefit the beneficiaries remain intact; the appointment of the Sultan's descendants as the trustees alongside a committee proved to be crucial for the sustainability of the waqf; and there was check and balance process through legal provision. This research provides a clearer picture of waqf practice before the establishment of Perak's State Islamic Religious Council and evidenced the Sultan's contribution towards developing and protecting Islam.
PENGALAMAN PASANGAN HIDUP DALAM MENDAMPINGI PENGOBATAN PASIEN MULTIDRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS (MDR TB) LIFE PARTNER'S EXPERIENCE IN ASSISTING TREATMENT OF MDR TB PATIENT
Authors: Widyastuti Sakti Vivendi Rosa , Erawati Meira , Utami Reni Sulung , Dewi Nur Setiawati
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK Latar belakang: pasien Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB)  merupakan orang yang resisten terhadap obat isoniazid dan rifampisin. Dukungan keluarga terutama pasangan hidup diperlukan ketika pasien MDR TB menjalani pengobatan. Pasangan hidup mempunyai peran penting dalam keberhasilan pengobatan. Tujuan: mengeksplorasi pengalaman pasangan hidup dalam mendampingi pasien yang menjalani pengobatan MDR TB. Metode: penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana pengalaman pasangan hidup pasien MDR TB dalam mendampingi dan mendukung pasien yang menjalani pengobatan MDR TB. Partisipan: pemilihan partisipan menggunakan purposive sampling yaitu pasangan hidup yang aktif mendampingi pasien MDR TB dalam menjalani pengobatan. Jumlah partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah tiga orang. Hasil: penelitian ini dapat dikategorikan menjadi dua tema yaitu tantangan dalam merawat pasangan yang menderita MDR TB dan pasrah dalam menjalani hidup. Kesimpulan: pasangan hidup pasien MDR TB memiliki sikap dan perasaan khawatir terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan pasangan, kecemasan jika pengobatan MDR TB tidak berhasil dan terjadi kekambuhan pada pasangan.Kata Kunci:Tuberkulosis resisten obat, Pasangan Hidup, Pendampingan, Pengobatan
KORELASI PARITAS DENGAN KEMAMPUAN IBU POST PARTUM DALAM MERAWAT BAYI BARU LAHIR
Authors: Zulianti Ervin , Aniroh Umi
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAKAngka kematian bayi di dunia maupun di Indonesia masih tinggi khususnya di Jawa Tengah.  Kemampuan ibu sangat penting dalam perawatan bayi untuk kesehatan bayi. Kemampuan ibu merawat bayi bisa dipengaruhi oleh faktor paritas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan paritas dengan kemampuan merawat bayi baru lahir pada ibu post partum.  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan  cross sectional,menggunakan alat pengumpul data berupa kuesioner. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ibu post partum. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah sampling jenuh dengan 64 responden. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji kendall’s tau.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan sebagian besar responden dengan paritas primipara sebanyak 34 responden (53,1%) dan sebagian besar responden mempunyai kemampuan merawat bayi baru lahir dalam kategori kemampuan baik sebanyak 56 responden (87,5%). Hasil uji statistik dengan kendall’s tau diperoleh nilai p-value 0,005 (?=0,05). Dari analisis  statistik  tersebut menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara paritas dengan kemampuan merawat bayi baru lahir di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kranggan. Kata kunci : Paritas, Kemampuan merawat bayi baru lahir
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN KOMBINASI TEKNIK RELAKSASI NAFAS DALAM DAN JUS PEPAYA PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI
Authors: Susanti Yulia , Alfusanah Izzati , Iqomh Muhammad Khabib Burhanuddin
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Penyakit tidak menular hipertensi telah menyumbang kematian. Tatalaksana penyakit hipertensi dilakukan dengan 2 cara yaitu secara farmakologi dan nonfarmakologi. Manajemen nonfarmakologi maupun intervensi keperawatan mandiri yang dapat menurunkan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi seperti menciptakan keadaan rileks atau manajemen stres penggunaan relaksasi nafas dalam terbukti mampu untuk mencegah terjadinya hipertensi. Terapi teknik relaksasi nafas dalam yang dikombinasikan dengan pemberian buah pepaya sangat mudah dan tidak mahal untuk dilakukan. Tujuan: Mengetahui efektivitas pemberian kombinasi teknik relaksasi nafas dalam dan jus pepaya dalam menurunkan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi. Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi experiment one group design pretest-posttest. Alat yang digunakan untuk penelitian adalah Sphignomanometer, kuesioner data karaketristik reponden, lembar observasi, SOP teknik relaksasi nafas dalam dan jus pepaya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Jenarsari Kecamatan Gemuh Kabupaten Kendal. Sampel: Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 20 penderita hipertensi di Desa Jenarsari Kecamatan Gemuh yang diberikan terapi kombinasi teknik relaksasi nafas dalam dan jus pepaya. Hasil: Tekanan darah sebelum diberikan terapi menunjukkan rata-rata tekanan darah sistolik 162,30 mmHg dan diastolik 100,95 mmHg termasuk dalam klasifikasi hipertensi hipertensi Tingkat 2 atau HT sedang. Tekanan darah sesudah diberikan terapi menunjukkan rata-rata tekanan darah sistolik 145,65 mmHg dan diastolik 90,90 mmHg termasuk dalam klasifikasi hipertensi Tingkat 1 atau HT ringan. Hasil uji statistik dengan Uji Ttest didapatkan  p value  0,000 (p < 0,05) yang menunjukkan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi sebelum dan sesudah diberikan terapi mengalami penurunan yaitu tekanan darah sistolik sebesar 16,65 mmHg dan tekanan darah diastolik sebesar 10,05 mmHg. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian terapi kombinasi teknik relaksasi nafas dalam dan jus pepaya. Terapi kombinasi teknik relaksasi nafas dalam dan jus pepaya ini dapat diaplikasikan secara mandiri oleh penderita dan digunakan perawat dalam melakukan tindakan keperawatan mengatasi penurunan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi. Kata Kunci  : teknik relaksasi nafas dalam, jus pepaya, hipertensi
PENGARUH WUDHU TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KONSENTRASI BELAJAR REMAJA
Authors: Hidayati Eni , Zarkasyi Fakih Anwar
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK Konsentrasi merupakan memfokuskan pikiran terhadap suatu obyek degan mengosongkan pikiran terhadap semua hal lain yang tidak berhubungan Konsentrasi dalam proses belajar adalah salah satu faktor yang sangat penting untuk megikuti suatu proses pembelajaran agar semua proses dalam pembelajaran bisa tercapai dan berhasil untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi salah satunya bisa menggunakan wudhu. Mengetahui pengaruh wudhu terhadap peningkatan konsentrasi pada remaja. Metode penelitian yang digunakan quasi eksperiment. Populasi yang akan digunakan yaitu siswa-siswi yang berjumlah 256 siswa. Teknik sampling yang digunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah 66 responden terdiri dari kelompok intervensi sebanyak 33 responden dan kelompok kontrol 33 responden. Hasil uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk diketahui nilai signifikansi (Sig.) 0,00 > 0,05, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai residual berdistribusi normal, hasil uji Paired Sampel T Test didapatkan hasil nilai sig (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh wudhu terhadap peningkatan konsentrasi belajat pada remaja dan hasil uji Homogenitas nilai signifikasi Based on Mean adalah sebesar 0,925 >0,05 sehingga bisa disimpulkan bahwa varian data kelas eksperimen dan kontrol adalah sama atau homogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada pengaruh wudhu terhadap peningkatan konsentrasi belajar pada remaja di . pada kelompok intervensi mean rank pre intervensi dari angka 5,52 dan setelah intervensi menjadi 8,12. Hasil Uji Paired Sample T Test diketahui bahwa nilai sig (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 yang artinya ada perbedaan rata-rata tingkat konsentrasi untuk pre test dengan post test pada kelompok intervensi. apat memberikan pengetahuan dan gambaran tingkat daya ingat remaja sekolah dan menjadi sudut pandang dalam membuat kebijakan sebagai strategi coping peningkatan konsentrasi belajar pada remaja. Kata Kunci: Belajar, Konsentrasi, Wudhu
DAMPAK EDUKASI PANDEMI COVID-19 PADA JEMAAT SMIRNA GKII PAPUA
Authors: Warwer Fredrik
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK COVID-19 adalah infeksi pernafasan yang muncul pertama kali pada Desember 2019 di kota Wuhan, provinsi Hubei, Cina. Gejala utama COVID-19 seperti demam, batuk kering, kelelahan, mialgia, sesak napas, dan dyspnoea. Penularan SARS-CoV-2 dapat terjadi dari manusia ke manusia lain, terutama di antara anggota keluarga dan teman-teman yang berhubungan dekat dengan pasien dengan COVID-19 atau orang yang terinfeksi COVID-19 tetapi tanpa gejala. COVID-19 telah menyebar luas dan dengan cepat, dari kota Wuhan, ke bagian lain dunia dan mengancam kehidupan banyak orang termasuk Indonesia. Edukasi tentang pandemi COVID-19 penting untuk dilakukan, termasuk pada warga Gereja. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menyelidiki pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku warga Jemaat. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Jemaat Smirna GKII Klasis Dofonsolo Kabupaten Jayapura Provinsi Papua, dengan desain cross-sectional dengan teknik sampel purposive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada aspek pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku Jemaat menunjukkan hasil yang baik, terdapat perbedaan pada karakteristik pekerjaan untuk aspek pengetahuan dan karakteristik pendidikan untuk aspek sikap. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa anggota Jemaat Smirna GKII Klasis Dofonsolo Kabupaten Jayapura Provinsi Papua memiliki pemahaman yang baik terkait pandemi covid-19 dan menerapkan perubahan pola hidup bersih dan sehat pada masa pandemi. Kata Kunci: Jemaat GKII Smirna Papua, Pandemi Covid-19, Pengetahuan, Perilaku, Sikap
INTERAKSI TEMAN SEBAYA BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PERILAKU MEROKOK REMAJA KELAS IX DI SMP DAWAN KLUNGKUNG
Authors: Pratama I Gede Eka , Triana Komang Yogi , Martini Ni Made Dwi Ayu
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK Remaja merupakan periode transisi perkembangan dari masa anak ke masa dewasa yang ditandai dengan ketidakmatangan emosional yang stabil serta sangat rentan terpengaruh oleh teman sebaya, salah satunya yaitu merokok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan interaksi teman sebaya dengan perilaku merokok pada remaja putra kelas ix di SMP Negeri Kecamatan Dawan Kabupaten Klungkung. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan cross-sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan tehnik total sampling, sebanyak 127 responden. Instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kuesioner teman sebaya dan kuesioner perilaku merokok. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu interaksi teman sebaya sebagian besar terpengaruh sebanyak 119 responden (93,7%), sedangkan untuk perilaku merokok sebagian besar berperilaku merokok tinggi sebanyak 91 responden (71,7%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan uji korelasi spearman’s rho didapat nilai p value 0,000, yang artinya ada hubungan antara interaksi teman sebaya dengan perilaku merokok pada remaja putra. Peran teman sebaya diharapkan dapat menjadi sasaran dalam mencegah bertambahnya remaja yang merokok.Kata Kunci: Interaksi Teman Sebaya, Perilaku Merokok, Remaja
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI PERDA KABUPATEN BANTUL NO.11 TAHUN 2015 TENTANG PEMENUHAN HAK PENYANDANG DISABILITAS PADA KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA DISABILITAS
Authors: PUSPITO HERI
Published: January 2022

Remaja penyandang disabilitas merupakan kelompok rentan terhadap pelecehan dan kekerasan seksual. Penyandang disabilitas juga makhluk seksual yg perlu diperhatikan kesehatan reproduksinya. Pemda Bantul membuat Perda No.11 tahun 2015 untuk memenuhi hak-hak penyandang disabilitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh gambaran implementasi kebijakan, khususnya hak-hak kesehatan reproduksi pada remaja disabilitas SLB Negeri di Kabupaten Bantul. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, pemilihan informan dengan purposive sampling, data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi dokumen. Penelitian di lingkungan Pemerintahan Kab.Bantul, Juni-Juli 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan implementasi Perda Bantul No.11 tahun 2015 belum berjalan baik, upaya pemenuhan hak-hak promotif dan preventif belum dicapai. Adanya pengaruh dari Isi Perda, Karakteristik dan kemampuan pelaksana, disposisi pelaksana, serta kondisi lingkungan menyebabkan implementasi menjadi tidak maksimal. Perlu adanya revisi pasal 29 dan 30, menetapkan juklak dan juknis, mengadakan penandatanganan komitmen pelaksana, meningkatkan keterampilan kespro tenaga kesehatan dan guru, serta pelibatan orangtua dalam Pendidikan kespro
PENGARUH TERAPI REALITAS DENGAN MEDIA ZOOM MEETING UNTUK MENGURANGI KECEMASAN TERHADAP PEMBATASAN AKTIVITAS SOSIAL DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Enia Alfiatul
Published: January 2022

Kecemasan merupakan sebuah bentuk ketidak beranian ditambah dengan kerisauan terhadap hal-hal yang tidak jelas. Kecemasan yang dialami oleh masyarakat ini menimbulkan dampak yaitu kurang tidur, kesulitan untuk berkonsentrasi, sering lupa dan sering marah. Saat ini masyrakat mengalami kecemasan Akibat pemberitaan covid 19 yang menjadikan pola pikir menjadi tidak fokus dan sulit untuk berkonsentrasi. Terapi realitas mempunyai tujuan untuk membantu individu menjadi rasional dan memiliki mental yang sangat kuat selain itu terapi realitas secara umum agar klien menemukan jalan yang lebih efektif untuk memenuhi kebutuhan-kebutuhannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi realitas dengan media zoom meeting  untuk mengurangi kecemasan terhadap pembatasan aktivitas sosial dimasa pandemi covid-19. Pada pengumpulan data peneliti menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan memberikan pretest-posttes melalui google form. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja di desa Jetak sejumlah 98 orang kemudian metode sampelnya adalah menggunakan metode total sampling. Jenis pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah non empirik tahapan persiapan ini menggunakan quasi experimental design Analisa data dalam penelitian ini dialakukan uji Paired T-Test dengan membandingkan pre test dan post test setelah tindakan Terapi Realitas dibeikan menggunakan aplikasi zoom meeting kepada klien. Hasil uji paired test menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.000 <0.005 menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara pre test dan post test dapat dikatakan bahwa ada pengaruh pemberian terapi realitas menggunakan zoom meeting. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa signifikan yang artinya ada perbedaan setelah dilakukan treatment terapi realitas.
EDUKASI MELALUI MEDIA BOOKLET TERHADAP PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN PENYEBARAN COVID -19 PADA KELUARGA DENGAN LANSIA
Authors: Pramudaningsih Icca Narayani , Pujiati Eny
Published: January 2022

Pertambahan usia  pada usia lanjut, organ tubuh akan mengalami penurununan fungsi yang  diikuti dengan menurunnya imunitas sebagai pelindung tubuh. Hal ini yang menyebabkan usia lanjut rentan rentan terserang berbagai penyakit, termasuk COVID-19 yang disebabkan oleh virus Sars-Cov-2. Sistem imun yang sudah melemah ditambah adanya penyakit kronis dapat meningkatkan risiko COVID-19 pada lansia, baik risiko terjadinya infeksi virus Corona maupun risiko virus ini untuk menimbulkan gangguan yang parah, bahkan kematian. Berdasarkan data WHO jumlah kasus yang terkonfirmasi positif COVID – 19 sampai bulan April 2020 tercatat 3.024.059 pasien yang tersebar diseluruh dunia dengan usia 60 tahun keatas paling besar terinfeksi terkena COVID 19 bahkan di Eropa 955 kasus kematian didominasi oleh kelompok lansia. Lansia di Indonesia berdasarkan pola tempat tinggal dibagi menjadi lansia yang tinggal Bersama tiga generasi sebanyak 40,64% kemudian lansia yang tinggal Bersama keluarga sebesar 27,30% dan yang tinggal Bersama pasangannya sebesar 20,03% lansia yang tinggal sendiri dengan persentase mencapai 9,38 persen. . Perilaku keluarga mempunyai dampak yang sangat penting guna membantu keluarga itu sendiri dalam mengenali serta mengatasi permasalahan COVID-19 yang menjadi pandemi di masa kini. pentingnya Edukasi yang bertujuan untuk perubahan perilaku keluarga khususnya dengan lansia supaya dapat mencegah penyebaran COVID-19 pada lansia. Pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan media pendidikan sebagai alat saluran menyampaikan informasi kesehatan karena media alat tersebut mempermudah penerimaan pesan kesehatan bagi masyarakat. Media atau alat edukasi tersebut seperti leaflet, poster dan booklet. Desain pada penelitian ini Quasy Experimental dengan rancangan quasi eksperimen, dengan desain One Group Pretest-Postest Design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini keluarga dengan lansia yang berjumlah 80 keluarga , mampu berkomunikasi dengan baik, mau menjadi responden dan merawat lansia secara langsung yang berada didalam wilayah Puskesmas Dersalam.. Analisa edukasi melalui media Booklet terhadap perilaku pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19 pada keluarga lansia  dengan uji statistik Wilcoxon signed ranks test dengan program SPSS 25.0 dengan tingkat kemaknaan p ? 0,05. Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan nilai pengetahuan  p value 0.000 atau p?0.05 yang berarti H1 diterima yaitu terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan  sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi melalui Booklet. Penilaian Perilaku pada dengan nilai p value 0.000 atau p?0.05 yang berarti H1 diterima yaitu adanya perbedaan perilaku sebelum dan sesudah diberikannya edukasi melalui Booklet