bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemetaan dan Pengembangan Agribisnis Komoditas Unggulan Sayuran di Kabupaten Karanganyar
Authors: Harinta Yos Wahyu , Basuki Joko Setyo , Sukaryani Sri
Published: April 2019

Demi membangun Kawasan Strategis Ekonomi, suatu wilayah perlu untuk mengetahui potensi komoditas yang dimiliki dan layak untuk dikembangkan. Potensi tersebut bisa karena potensi alam ataupun karena sektor tersebut memiliki keunggulan komparatif. Sehingga dengan modal yang sama, dapat berproduksi dalam waktu yang relatif singkat dan volume sumbangan untuk perekonomian daerah juga besar. Pertanian masih menjadi sektor unggulan di Kabupaten Karanganyar karena selalu masuk dalam posisi kedua sebagai penyumbang PDRB daerah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui komoditas unggulan sayuran di Kabupaten Karanganyar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis Location Quetient (LQ) yang didapatkan dari sumber data sekunder yaitu data produksi sayuran di Kabupaten Karanganyar yang berupa data series lima tahun terakhir dan didapatkan dari Dinas Pertanian, Tanaman Pangan, Perkebunan dan Kehutanan Kabupaten Karanganyar (dan didukung oleh data dari BPS Kabupaten Karanganyar). Hasil penelitian ini adalah komoditas sayuran yang dapat dijadikan unggulan dan layak dikembangkan potensinya di Kabupaten Karanganyar ditunjukkan dengan nilai Location Quotient (LQ) lebih dari 1. Hal ini berarti bahwa komoditas tersebut menjadi basis atau menjadi sumber pertumbuhan. Komoditas memiliki keunggulan komparatif yang hasilnya tidak saja dapat memenuhi kebutuhan di wilayah yang bersangkutan namun juga dapat diekspor ke luar wilayah. Komoditas yang mendapatkan nilai LQ tertinggi dan mempunyai sebaran wilayah terbanyak adalah komoditas cabai yaitu di tujuh kecamatan (Kecamatan Jumapolo, Jumantono, Matesih, Ngargoyoso, Karanganyar, Mojogedang, Kerjo dan Jenawi). Sedangkan komoditas wortel nilai LQ-nya tertinggi di Kecamatan Karangpandan. Komoditas bawang putih menjadi tertinggi di Kecamatan Tawangmangu dan komoditas sawi tertinggi di Kecamatan Jatiyoso.

 

Kata Kunci :  Pengembangan Agribisnis, analisis Location Quotient.
Design and Application of High-Temperature Raw-Seawater-Based Fracturing Fluids
Authors: Almubarak Tariq , AlKhaldi Mohammed , Ng Jun Hong , Nasr-El-Din Hisham A.
Published: April 2019

Typically, water-based fracturing treatments consume a large volume of fresh water. Providing consistent freshwater sources is difficult and sometimes not feasible, especially in remote areas and offshore operations. Therefore, several seawater-based fracturing fluids have been developed in an effort to preserve freshwater resources. However, none of these fluids minimizes fracture-face skin and proppant-conductivity impairment, which can be critical for unconventional well treatments.

Several experiments and design iterations were conducted to tailor raw-seawater-based fracturing fluids. These fluids were designed to have rheological properties that can transport proppant under dynamic and static conditions. The optimized seawater-based fracturing-fluid formulas were developed such that no scale forms when additives are mixed in or when the fracturing-fluid filtrate is mixed with different formation brines. The tests were conducted using a high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) rheometer, coreflood, and by aging cells at 250 to 300°F.

The developed seawater-based fracturing fluids were optimized with an apparent viscosity greater than 100 cp at a shear rate of 100 seconds–1 and a temperature of 300°F for more than 1 hour. The use of polymeric- and phosphonate-based scale inhibitors (SIs) prevented the formation of severe calcium sulfate (CaSO4) scale in mixtures of seawater and formation brines at 300°F. Controlling the pH of fracturing fluids prevented magnesium and calcium hydroxide precipitation that occurs at a pH value of greater than 9.5. Most importantly, SIs had a negative effect on the viscosity of seawater fracturing fluid during testing because of their negative interaction with metallic crosslinkers. The developed seawater-based fracturing fluids were applied for the first time in an unconventional and a conventional carbonate well and showed very promising results; details of field treatments are discussed in this paper.
Combined Ultrasound and Nerve Stimulator-Guided Deep Nerve Block May Decrease the Rate of Local Anesthetics Systemic Toxicity: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Zhang Xu-hao , Li Yu-jie , He Wenquan , Yang Chunyong , Gu Jianteng , Lu Kaizhi , Yi Bin
Published: April 2019

Background: Ultrasound guidance might decrease the incidence of local anesthetics systemic toxicity (LAST) for many peripheral nerve blocks compared with nerve stimulator guidance. However, it remains uncertain whether ultrasound guidance is superior to nerve stimulator guidance for deep nerve block of the lower extremity. This study was designed to investigate whether deep nerve block with ultrasound guidance would decrease the incidence of LAST compared with that with nerve stimulator guidance and to identify associated risk factors of LAST. Methods: Three hundred patients undergoing elective lower limb surgery and desiring lumbar plexus blocks (LPBs) and sciatic nerve blocks (SNBs) were enrolled in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to receive LPBs and SNBs with ultrasound guidance (group U), nerve stimulator guidance (group N) or dual guidance (group M). The primary outcome was the incidence of LAST. The secondary outcomes were the number of needle redirections, motor and sensory block onset and nerve distribution restoration time, as well as associated risk factors. Results: There were 18 patients with LAST, including 12 in group U, 4 in group N and 2 in group M. By multiple comparisons among the three groups, we found that the incidence of LAST in group U (12%) was significantly higher than that in group N (4%) (P=0.037) and group M (2%) (P=0.006). The OR of LAST with hepatitis B (HBV) infection and the female sex was 3.352 (95% CI, 1.233-9.108, P=0.013) and 9.488 (95% CI, 2.142-42.093, P=0.0004), respectively. Conclusions: Ultrasound guidance, HBV infection and the female sex were risk factors of LAST with LPBs and SNBs. For patients infected with HBV or female patients receiving LPBs and SNBs, we recommended that combined ultrasound and nerve stimulator guidance should be used to improve the safety. Trial registration: This study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University. The protocol was registered prospectively with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-IOR-16008099) on March 15, 2016.
Intravenous fibrinolysis plus endovascular thrombectomy versus direct endovascular thrombectomy for anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke: clinical and infarct volume results.
Authors: Gamba Massimo , Gilberti Nicola , Premi Enrico , Costa Angelo , Frigerio Michele , Mardighian Dikran , Vergani Veronica , Spezi Raffaella , Delrio Ilenia , Morotti Andrea , Poli Loris , De Giuli Valeria , Caria Filomena , Pezzini Alessandro , Gasparotti Roberto , Padovani Alessandro , Magoni Mauro
Published: April 2019

Background and Purpose

endovascular therapy (ET) is the standard of care for anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke (AIS) caused by large vessel occlusion (LVO). The role of adjunctive intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in these patients is still unclear. The present study aims to test whether IVT plus ET (CoT, combined therapy) provides additional benefits over direct ET for anterior circulation AIS by LVO.

Methods

we performed a single center retrospective observational study of patients with AIS caused by anterior circulation LVO, referred to our center between January 2014 and January 2017 and treated with ET. The patients were divided in 2 groups based on the treatment they received: CoT and, if IVT contraindicated, direct ET. We compared functional recovery (modified Rankin at 3-months follow-up), recanalization rate (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction [TICI] score) and time, early follow-up infarct volume (EFIV) (for recanalized patients only) as well as safety profile, defined as symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) and 3-month mortality, between groups.

Results

145 subjects were included in the study, 70 in direct ET group and 75 in CoT group. Patients who received CoT presented more frequently a functional independence at 3-months follow-up compared to patients who received direct ET (mRS score 0-1: 48.5% vs 18.6%; P<0.001. mRS score 0-2: 67.1% vs 37.3%; P<0.001), higher first-pass success rate (62.7% vs 38.6%, P<0.05), higher recanalization rate (84.3% vs 65.3%; P=0.009) and, in recanalized subjects, smaller EFIV (16.4ml vs 62.3ml; P=0.003). The safety profile was similar for the 2 groups. In multivariable regression analysis, low baseline NIHSS score (P<0.05), vessel recanalization (P=0.05) and CoT (P=0.03) were indipendent predictors of 3-month favorable outcome.

Conclusions

CoT appears more effective than ET alone for anterior circulation AIS with LVO, with similar safety profile.
Comparison of Spectral Domain and Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography for Angle Assessment of Chinese elderly subjects
Authors: Qiao Yunsheng , Tan Chen , Zhang Min , Sun Xinghui , Chen Junyi
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background
This comparative study aimed to demonstrate the differences between swept source OCT (SS-OCT) (1310nm) and spectral domain OCT (SD-OCT) (840nm) for the identification and measurement of anterior chamber angle (ACA) structures.
Methods
67 eyes from 67 healthy subjects underwent ACA imaging at the nasal and temporal sides using SS-OCT and SD-OCT with different wavelength (Tomey, 1310nm and RTvue, 840nm). Images were evaluated for the ability to distinguish angle structures including the Schwalbe’s line (SL), the Schlemm’s canal (SC) and the scleral spur (SS). The length of trabecular meshwork (LTM), the angle-opening distance (AOD500 and AOD750) and the length of Schlemm’s canal (LSC) were also measured.
Results
The nasal/temporal identification rate for angle structures by SS-OCT and SD-OCT were 91.04%/86.57% (SL), 50.75%/68.66% (SC), 100.0%/100.0% (SS) and 89.55%/91.04% (SL), 40.30%/70.15% (SC), 74.63%/65.67% (SS), respectively. Differences between SS-OCT and SD-OCT were found in terms of the visualization of the SS. With respect to the measurements of angle, the evaluation of LTM at the nasal side, LSC at the temporal side and AOD500/750 at both sides showed significant difference between the two devices. However, there existed good correlation between the AOD500/750 measured by SS-OCT and SD-OCT (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient > 0.8, p<0.000).
Conclusions
SS-OCT displayed a better performance in detecting deeper structures of the angle such as the SS. However, for discriminating structures lying in transparent or semi-transparent tissue such as the SL and the SC, the two devices showed good consistency. Although SS-OCT and SD-OCT demonstrated high correlation for angle measurement (AOD500/750), their agreement was poor.
Estimating the annual risk of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis among adolescents in Western Kenya in preparation for TB vaccine trials
Authors: Nduba Videlis , Hoog Anna H. van’t , de Bruijn Annefleur , Mitchell Ellen M.H. , Laserson Kayla , Borgdorff Martien
Published: April 2019

Setting

Siaya District, Western Kenya, with the highest TB notification rates in Kenya (400/100,000)

Objective

To determine the prevalence and annual risk of infection with M. tuberculosis (ARTI) among adolescents aged 12-18 years

Design

Adolescents aged 12-18 years were enrolled in an area under continuous health and demographic surveillance in 2008-2009. At enrolment, clinical and demographic data were collected and study participants screened for tuberculosis (TB) and for tuberculous infection using tuberculin skin tests (TST).

Results

Of 5004 adolescents enrolled, 4808 (96%) returned for TST readings. Of these 2327(48.4%) were female, 861 (17.9%) had no BCG scar, and 23 (0.5%) were HIV positive. The baseline prevalence of tuberculous infection was 32% (95% CI 29-35%) with a corresponding ARTI of 2.6% (95% CI 2.2-3.1%). Male gender (OR 1.3, 95%CI 1.2,1.5), having a BCG scar (OR 1.4,95%CI 1.3,1.7) and not being enrolled in school (OR 1.8, 95%CI 1.4,2.3) were independent predictors of a positive tuberculin skin test at baseline.

Conclusion

We found a high ARTI indicating very high TB transmission rates, suggesting that in this population prevention studies including TB vaccine trials would be both highly relevant and efficient.
The Molecular Mass and Isoelectric Point of Plant Proteomes
Authors: Mohanta Tapan Kumar Kumar , Khan Abdullatif , Hashem Abeer , Abd_Allah Elsayed Fathi , Al-Harrasi Ahmed
Published: April 2019

A proteomic analysis of proteomes from 145 plant species revealed a pI range of 1.99 (epsin) to 13.96 (hypothetical protein). The molecular mass of the plant proteins ranged from 0.54 to 2236.8 kDa. A putative Type-I polyketide synthase (22244 amino acids) in Volvox carteri was found to be the largest protein in the plant kingdom and was not found in higher plant species. Titin (806.46 kDa) and misin/midasin (730.02 kDa) were the largest proteins identified in higher plant species. The pI and molecular weight of the plant proteome exhibited a trimodal distribution. An acidic pI (56.44% of proteins) was found to be predominant over a basic pI (43.34% of proteins) and the abundance of acidic pI proteins was higher in unicellular algae species relative to multicellular higher plants. In contrast, the seaweed, Porphyra umbilicalis, possesses a higher proportion of basic pI proteins (70.09%). Plant proteomes were also found to contain selenocysteine (Sec), amino acid that was found only in lower eukaryotic aquatic plant lineage. Additionally, the plant proteomes also possess ambiguous amino acids Xaa (unknown), Asx (asparagine or aspartic acid), Glx (glutamine or glutamic acid), and Xle (leucine or isoleucine) as well.
Flowering, Stem Extension Growth, and Cutting Yield of Foliage Annuals in Response to Photoperiod
Authors: Walters Kellie J. , Hurt Allison A. , Lopez Roberto G.
Published: April 2019

Foliage annuals are primarily grown for the aesthetic appeal of their brightly colored, variegated, or patterned leaves rather than for their flowers. Once foliage annuals become reproductive, vegetative growth of many species diminishes or completely ceases and plants can become unappealing. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to quantify how growth and development during production and stock plant cutting yield of bloodleaf (Iresine herbstii), Joseph’s coat (Alternanthera sp.) ‘Brazilian Red Hots’ and ‘Red Threads’, Persian shield (Strobilanthes dyerianus), and variegated potato vine (Solanum jasminoides) are influenced by photoperiod and night interruption (NI) lighting with or without far-red (FR) radiation. Photoperiods consisted of a 9-hour short day (SD) or a 9-hour SD extended to 10, 12, 13, 14, or 16 hours with red (R):white (W):FR light-emitting diode (LED) lamps (R:FR = 0.8) providing a total photon flux density (TPFD) of ≈2 µmol·m−2·s–1 of radiation. In addition, two treatments consisted of a 9-hour SD with a 4-hour NI from lamps containing the same R:W:FR or R:W LEDs (R:FR = 37.4). Bloodleaf plant and Joseph’s coat ‘Brazilian Red Hots’ and ‘Red Threads’ developed inflorescences or flowers under photoperiods ≤12 to 13 hours and were classified as obligate SD plants. Under LEDs providing R:W:FR radiation, stem elongation of reproductive bloodleaf and Joseph’s coat ‘Brazilian Red Hots’ and ‘Red Threads’ increased as photoperiod increased from 9 to 12 hours. In addition, stem elongation of bloodleaf, Joseph’s coat ‘Brazilian Red Hots’ and ‘Red Threads’, and Persian shield and growth index (GI = {plant height + [(diameter 1 + diameter 2)/2]}/2) of bloodleaf and Persian shield was significantly greater under NI with FR radiation than without FR radiation. Fewer or no cuttings were harvested from Joseph’s coat ‘Brazilian Red Hots’ and ‘Red Threads’ under photoperiods ≤12 or ≤13 hours, respectively. To prevent unwanted flowering of bloodleaf plant and Joseph’s coat, a photoperiod ≥14 hours or 4-hour NI must be maintained with LEDs providing either R:W or R:W:FR radiation, however; stem elongation is significantly reduced under R:W LEDs.
Dynamic response of structures with tuned mass dampers in modal coordinates
Authors: Štěpánek Jan , Máca Jiří
Published: April 2019

The tuned mass damper (TMD) is an effective way to deal with excessive vibration of structures. Its high efficiency is, however, conditioned by proper design. The optimization of TMD is a complicated process, because a closed-form solution for its optimal parameters is known only for several simplified cases. This paper presents an approach of dynamic response calculation of structures with TMD in modal coordinates, which is suitable for repeated evaluations of response to harmonic load which is necessary in case of optimizing TMD parameters for large and damped systems.
Standardization of work with antineoplastic and immunobiological preparations
Authors: Litvinov D. V. , Myakova N. V. , Shifrin Yu. A. , Pimenova O. V.
Published: April 2019

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Extraorgan retroperitoneal mature teratoma in a 12-year-old child
Authors: Kaplunov S. V. , Ivashchenko I. V. , Snigur G. L.
Published: April 2019

Teratomas are germ cell tumors consisting of derivatives of 3 germ layers and havingvarious malignant potential – from benign mature forms to immature embryonic and forms with somatic type of malignancy.

This article describes the clinical caseof rare localization of mature teratoma – retroperitoneal space, aswell asan example of multidisciplinary interaction of clinicians, radiation diagnosticians and pathomorphologists in correct preoperative diagnosis using computed tomography, successful surgical treatment and histological verification of extraorgan teratoma of the retroperitoneal space.
Formation of the pediatric hematology- oncology service in the Krasnodar region and its current activities
Authors: Lebedev V. V. , Kleshchenko E. I.
Published: April 2019

In the city of Sochi, in 1986, one of the first children’s hematology department in the USSR was opened. The characteristic features of the profile service of the Krasnodar Region are a strong school of professional doctors based on russian and foreign experience, the continuity of generations, close cooperation with leading federal centers and many years of fruitful work.

Today, the Department of Oncology and Hematology with chemotherapy for 70 beds in the 24- hour in- patient department and 30 beds in the intensive care ward operates in Krasnodar. In addition, the hospital has a 30- bed oncology department for patients with solid tumors and tumors of the central nervous system. The expansion of the service is planned for 2023: a day hospital for oncohematological patients, a bone marrow transplant unit and a blood transfusion department with a cryopreservation station for hematopoietic stem cells.

Krasnodar Region has been keeping a child cancer registry for more than 40 years. The article presents the main stages of the development of hematological and oncological assistance to children of the Krasnodar Region, the activities of the service now and its plans for the future.
The Role of the Sodium-taurocholate Co-transporting Polypeptide (NTCP) and Bile Salt Export Pump (BSEP) in Related Liver Disease
Authors: Lu Xiaoyang , Liu Lin , Shan Wenya , Kong Limin , Chen Na , Lou Yan , Zeng Su
Published: April 2019

Background:

Sodium Taurocholate Co-transporting Polypeptide (NTCP) and Bile Salt Export Pump (BSEP) play significant roles as membrane transporters because of their presence in the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts. They have emerged as promising drug targets in related liver disease.

Methods:

We reviewed the literature published over the last 20 years with a focus on NTCP and BSEP.

Results:

This review summarizes the current perception about structure, function, genetic variation, and regulation of NTCP and BSEP, highlights the effects of their defects in some hepatic disorders, and discusses the application prospect of new transcriptional activators in liver diseases.

Conclusion:

NTCP and BSEP are important proteins for transportation and homeostasis maintenance of bile acids. Further research is needed to develop new models for determining the structure-function relationship of bile acid transporters and screening for substrates and inhibitors, as well as to gain more information about the regulatory genetic mechanisms involved in the processes of liver injury.
Polymorphisms of the Highly Expressed IL-6 Gene in the Papillary Thyroid Cancer Susceptibility Among Chinese
Authors: Li Honghui , Dai Hao , Li Huajing , Li Baiya , Shao Yuan
Published: April 2019

Background:

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the cardinal histologic type of
thyroid cancer, which is the most prevalent kind of endocrine malignancy. The
expression of IL-6 is found higher in thyroid carcinoma (THCA) samples than paired
normal tissues based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue
expression (GTEx) database. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association
between interleukin-6 (IL-6) polymorphisms and the PTC risk.

Methods:

A case-control study was designed using the following data: 241 PTC patients
and 463 healthy controls. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL-6 were
selected and genotyped using Agena MassARRAY technology.

Results:

Our results revealed that SNP rs1800796 was associated with an increased
PTC risk in co-dominant model (p = 0.042) and dominant model (p = 0.027). Rs1524107
was also a risk factor for PTC susceptibility in co-dominant model (p = 0.003), dominant
model (p = 0.002) and log-additive model (p = 0.044). Moreover, rs2066992 significantly
increased the PTC risk in co-dominant model and dominant model (p = 0.011, p = 0.009,
respectively). Additionally, rs2069837 variant elevated the PTC risk based on dominant
model (p = 0.041). In silico analysis, GTEx results for rs1800796, rs1524107 and
rs2066992 variants are known to be associated with IL-6 gene expression. Using
HaploReg, we found rs1800796, rs1524107 and rs2066992 in LD with functional
importance.

Conclusion:

Our study indicates that IL-6 variants may be a risk factor involved in the
pathogenesis and development of PTC.
Chronic Submerged Implant Infection Treated with Immediate Implantation and Guided Bone Regeneration: A Case Report
Authors: Al-Juboori Mohammed J. , Al-Shaeli Ali J. , Radhi Hani , Filho Luiz C. M. , Al-Attas Mohammed A.
Published: April 2019

Introduction:

Early implant infection and failure can be addressed by either implant maintenance or immediate replacement and bone regeneration at the defect site.

Methods:

In this study, six patients with chronic sinusitis at the implant site were treated with implant removal and curettage to remove the infected and inflamed soft tissue. A new implant was immediately screwed into the same socket, and a Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) procedure was performed to regenerate the lost bone at the site. After the patients underwent the second surgery, the sinusitis disappeared, and new bone formed around the implant, achieving good implant stability.

Conclusion:

The implant was loaded, and no complaints were reported during the follow-up period. Chronic implant infection treated with implant removal and immediate replacement plus GBR resulted in stable new implants with new bone formation.
Pengaruh Endorsement Selebriti Instagram terhadap Minat Beli Remaja Putri
Authors: Putri Gayatri Hutami , Patria Bhina
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Purchase intention is an initial stage in which consumers feel attracted to a product or service that will cause the desire to purchase as the final stage in making purchasing decisions. The occurrence of purchase intention is influenced by many factors one of which is a form of promotion by business owners. Promotion that is rampant in the social media Instagram is endorsement done by Instagram Celebrities. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is influence of the endorsement by Instagram Celebrities to the purchase intention of young women. Researchers use the scale of purchase intention that has been modified. Subjects in this study were 73 female adolescence. This study used experimental group and control group to know difference of influence of endorsement by Instagram Celebrities. The resulting data will be analyzed using SPSS program. The results of this study showed a t-test score of 0.950 and p-value= 0.345 (p>0,05) which means there is no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group.
Developing Effective Advocates during Doctoral Preparation: An Examination of Federal-Level Special Education Policy Internships
Authors: Rodriguez Jacqueline , Powell Selma , Straub Carrie , Vince-Garland Krista , Wienke Wilfred
Published: April 2019

It is critically important for leadership personnel in special education to develop knowledge and skills in policy and advocacy. The Pew Charitable Trust initiated a survey to uncover resources and experiences impacting doctoral-level preparation at institutes of higher education. Results indicated that fewer than 30 percent of doctoral students were provided the opportunity for an internship experience. Thus, a large university located in the southeast United States created an internshipexperience reflective of current policies and trends within the field of special education. This article discusses interns’ responsibilities with reference to policy and politics, opportunities for mentorship, the development of personal contacts and networking, and the impact of each experience on the intern’s future role in special education teacher education and advocacy.
Acción antimicrobiana de algunas plantas de uso medicinal en Chile. I.
Authors: Lazo Waldo
Published: April 2019

El desarrollo de Stapbylococcus aureus y Bacillus subtilis fue inhibido por la decocción y el  extracto en etanol de cáscara de frutos de Punica granatum L., raiz de Geum quellyon Sweet, corteza de Quillaja saponaria Mol.; la decocción y el extracto en acetato de etilo de cotiledones de Lucuma bifera Mol.; la decocción y el extracto en etanol o acetato de etilo de hojas y tallos de Calceolaria thyrsiflora Graham, Sphacele salviae (Lindl.) Briq. Haplopappus baylahuen Remy y la decocción y los extractos en etanol, acetato de etilo y cloroformo de Luma chequen (Mol.) A. Gray. El desarrollo de Escherichia coli fue escasamente inhibido por el extracto en acetato de etilo de cotiledones de ·L. bífera Mol. El desarrollo de Acremonium falciforme fue inhibido por la decocción y los extractos en etanol o acetato de etilo de hojas y tallos de C. thyrsifiora y H. baylahuen y por los extractos en etanol o acetato de etilo de hojas y tallos de S. salviae. Ninguna de las decocciones o extractos inhibió el desarrollo de Candida albicans.
Fungos isolados do ar e do piso de ambientes fechados do Hospital escola da Universidade federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil – I
Authors: Da Glória de Barros María , Cavalcanti M. A. Q. , Massa Lima D. M. , Fernandes M. J. S.
Published: April 2019

Del aire y del piso de ambientes confinados del "Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil”; fueron aisladas 3.330 colonias de hongos correspondientes a 123 entidades taxonómicas pertenecientes en su mayorla a los Asco-Deuteromycotina (95,3%), estando los demás grupos escasamente representados Zigomycotina (5,6%); Basidiomycotina (0,8%) y Micelia sterilia (0,2%). No hubo diferencias significativas entre la cantidad de colonias aisladas durante los periodos de pluviosidad y verano. Observándose el mayor número de colonias en el piso más que en aquellas aisladas del aire atmosférico. Los géneros encontrados con mayor frecuencia fueron Aspergillus, Penicillium y Fusarium. Entre los Hyphomycetes aislados, 14 especies son referidas como agentes etiológicos de micosis.
Notas micológicas y bacteriológicas. Basidiomycetes y Streptomycetes de Chile.
Authors: Lazo Waldo
Published: April 2019

Se comunica la recolección de Clavaria nigricans, Tremellodendrospis pusio, Battarrea stevenii, Coltricia perennis, Streptomyces albus, S. antibioticus, S. cliifornicus, S.coelicolor, S. flavogliseus, S. Fradiae, S. globisporus,  S Globossus, S.griseus, S. melanocyclus, S.odorifer,  S. olivaceus, S. parvus, S. phaeochromogenes, S. rimosus, S. roseochromogenes. S. violaceus-niger; S.violaceus-ruber, S. viridis.
Micosis superficiales en pacientes de servicios dermatológicos de la V región: estudio de prevalencia en el periodo 1984-1989
Authors: Piontelli L. E. , Toro S. M., M. A. , Casanova Z. D. , Jara D.
Published: April 2019

Con el objeto de establecer la prevalencia de los  agentes micóticos en relación a edad, sexo y tipo de lesión, se estudiaron en el periodo 1984-1989, 1180 muestras clínicas (546 masculinos y 634 femeninos) positivas a hongos patógenos, en un número similar de pacientes provenientes de consultorios dermatológicos y privados. El 69% de ellos fueron positivos a dermatofitos y un 30% a levaduras
PARTIDOS E POLÍTICA SOCIAL NO BRASIL E NO CHILE: PT E PS NAS ELEIÇÕES E NO GOVERNO
Authors: Oliveira Augusto Neftali Corte de
Published: April 2019

O objetivo do artigo é observar o impacto da disputa eleitoral nas idéias dos partidos e seu reflexo nas políticas sociais dos governos. Aborda as mudanças programáticas do Partido dos Trabalhadores (Brasil) e do Partido Socialista (Chile), do ponto de vista das idéias internas dos partidos e dos programas de governo nas eleições ocorridas entre 1989 e 2006. Analisa, também, as políticas sociais dos governos Lula e Lagos/Bachelet por meio do gasto social e das inovações nas áreas da saúde, educação e garantia de renda. Conclui-se que a inserção na disputa eleitoral restringiu os objetivos dos partidos e que seus programas são relevantes, mas que a inovação foi limitada pelas características anteriores dos sistemas de bem-estar. Por fim, promove um diálogo com o trabalho de Sant’Anna e Silva (publicado em volume anterior desta revista).
COMUNICAÇÃO, CRÍTICA E CIDADANIA: RELEITURAS TEÓRICAS E PERSPECTIVAS PRÁTICAS
Authors: Paiva Raquel , Gabbay Marcelo Monteiro
Published: April 2019

O presente artigo apresenta uma primeira aproximação da retomada dos estudos de leitura crítica dos meios de comunicação a partir da releitura da Teoria Crítica da Escola de Frankfurt sob uma ótica contemporânea, passando pela definição de cidadania e de experiências realizadas no Brasil e na América Latina nas últimas décadas no âmbito da formação crítica em Comunicação. Neste trabalho inicial, o foco se concentra na revisão de estudos e práticas reflexivo-teóricos, e na aproximação com o campo da Educação e suas possibilidades pragmáticas.
O GOVERNO LULA E A INDICAÇÃO DE MINISTROS PARA O SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL
Authors: Rocha Alvaro Filipe Oxley
Published: April 2019

O presente artigo objetiva realizar algumas observações a respeito das indicações do Governo Lula às vagas de Ministro do Supremo Tribunal Federal brasileiro, a partir da abordagem preliminar dos conceitos de campo jurídico e político, acrescentando considerações sobre o atual mecanismo legal de indicação dos agentes que integram esse órgão de Estado, além discutir algumas das motivações e estratégias utilizadas.
A POLÍTICA DE PROMOÇÃO AOS DIREITOS HUMANOS NO GOVERNO LULA
Authors: González Rodrigo Stumpf
Published: April 2019

Com a eleição de Lula em 2002, o Partido dos Trabalhadores chegou ao poder, pouco mais de duas décadas depois de sua criação. Tendo em vista as propostas deste partido, defendidas no passado, criou-se uma expectativa sobre as mudanças que ocorreriam nas políticas governamentais com relação aos governos anteriores. Um dos campos em que eram esperadas alterações era o referente ao atendimento aos direitos humanos em seus diversos aspectos. Passados oito anos, este texto busca fazer um balanço deste período, avaliando os documentos oficiais e as iniciativas governamentais realizadas.
FEMINISMO ESTATAL SOB A PRESIDÊNCIA LULA: O CASO DA SECRETARIA DE POLÍTICAS PARA AS MULHERES
Authors: Bohn Simone R
Published: April 2019

O feminismo estatal prosperou sob a Presidência Lula? Este artigo analisa dois aspectos relativos à Secretaria de Políticas Públicas para Mulheres (SPM). Primeiro, o grau de comprometimento federal com essa agência. Segundo, o relacionamento da SPM com o movimento de mulheres. Utilizando-se de dados quantitativos longitudinais e de entrevistas em profundidade com femocratas e ativistas, este artigo indica que as Presidências Lula contribuíram para o fortalecimento institucional da SPM, dada a localização desta no aparelho de estado, seu status, e sua dotação orçamentária. Além disso, a composição interna da SPM, seus mecanismos de consulta e seu padrão de financiamento de projetos criaram uma dinâmica de cooperação (e não de cooptação ou captura) com o movimento de mulheres–algo visto como crucial ao êxito do feminismo de estado.
ALÉM DO CONSENSO DE WASHINGTON: “REFLEXÕES” SOBRE EQÜIDADE, DEMOCRACIA E CONFLITO NA AMÉRICA LATINA
Authors: Schneider Mark
Published: April 2019

O Consenso de Washington fracassou em vários dos seus objetivos, na medida em que se tornou cego para a importância de governança e o papel do Estado. Sem uma governança inclusiva, efetiva e que preste contas, não somente será mais difícil de implementar reformas macro e micro-econômicas mas, sua implementação deficiente mina a sustentabilidade dessas reformas. Inevitavelmente algumas das medidas produzem perdedores e vencedores e, os pobres e mais vulneráveis sempre são os mais propensos a ser perdedores. Quando as medidas foram implementadas de forma corrupta, ou percebidas dessa maneira, as conseqüências exacerbam o sentido da exclusão e alienação de segmentos crescentes da população. Não é como se não soubéssemos formas de incorporar os pobres na vida nacional: acesso à terra via reforma agrária, investimentos em facilidades de micro e pequeno crédito, tecnologia e infra-estrutura rural e investimento em capital social. Estas medidas fortaleceriam a inclusão da população rural, aumentariam a coesão social e, suspeito eu, que fortaleceriam as instituições democráticas. Esse apoio é necessário para superar o senso de impunidade que estimula as elites a não pagar impostos, a tratar os empregados com dignidade e a recusar acesso privilegiado a contratos e pagamentos à margem da lei. A crença de que aqueles com poder são impunes perante a lei mina o ethos democrático. Viola o contrato social.
VARIABILITY IN RIGHTS ENFORCEMENT: A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Whitehead Laurence
Published: April 2019

The article looks at a partial selection of the many rights claimed by citizens in contemporary democracies in the context of the justice system, citizen security, gender, youths, and access to information – and presents the argument that that democratic “rights” are not a homogeneous reality as posited by liberal theory, but a complex, multilayered one. In new “low quality” democracies, rights volatility presents a special challenge to universality. Social mapping of the range and distribution of bankable rights is likely to uncover a reality that falls well short of the rhetoric of universalism. In highly fragmented and unequal societies, the rhetoric of universality is unlikely to translate easily into genuine evenness of application. And accompanying variability there may be instability or volatility over time. This combination in societies where the “duties” corresponding to rights are not securely internalised, is liable to produce patterns of political behaviour that deviate substantially from the interlocking mutuality of interest postulated by classical liberalism. “Contentious” political cycles of resistance and exclusion, and struggles to reshape the rules of the game (rather than merely to live within them) seem to be natural correlates of this climate of uncertainty. This is particularly so in new democracies, where sudden explosions of rights claims and multiplying rights claimants can easily generate an atmosphere of rights inflation can raise expectations well beyond what is reliably deliverable.
FROM PETISTA WAY TO BRAZILIAN WAY: HOW THE PT CHANGES IN THE ROAD
Authors: Goldfrank Benjamin , Wampler Brian
Published: April 2019

Quando Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva venceu a disputa presidencial em 2002, ele e seu Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) tiveram a maioria dos observadores convencidos de que esta era uma nova fase para a democracia do país. Afinal o PT tinha construído uma reputação de mais de vinte anos para um bom governo e ética na política. Apesar disso o governo Lula tem sido severamente minado por escândalos de corrupção, que surpreendeu até o mais cínico dos observadores do PT e fomentou amplo descontentamento entre muitos dos antigos defensores do partido. Esse artigo expõe quatro vertentes de explicação para a queda da simpatia do PT, envolvendo: o elevado custo das eleições brasileiras, as decisões estratégicas da facção dominante do partido, restrições econômicas sobre uma eventual administração Lula e sobre as dificuldades do sistema multipartidário.
CULTURA POLÍTICA PÓS-CONSENSO DE WASHINGTON: O CONCEITO DE CULTURA CÍVICA E A MUDANÇA POLÍTICA NA AMÉRICA LATINA
Authors: Castro Henrique Carlos de Oliveira de , Capistrano Daniel
Published: April 2019

O artigo propõe uma reflexão crítica do conceito de cultura cívica e sua aplicação em estudos sobre mudança política na América Latina. O índice pós-materialista, um exemplo de uso desse conceito, foi testado como uma variável explicativa da cultura política em países europeus e latino-americanos. A análise dos dados da Pesquisa Mundial de Valores aponta para necessidade de se rever a operacionalização de variáveis nos estudos sobre cultura política na América Latina.
LA CREACIÓN Y LA EVOLUCIÓN DE UNASUR
Authors: Amoroso Botelho João Carlos
Published: April 2019

Apesar de as tentativas de integração na América do Sul remontarem ao século XIX, apenas em 2004 foi criado o primeiro bloco para reunir os 12 países da região, a CASA, que passou a se chamar UNASUL em 2007. Por que essa conformação ocorreu em 2004? A hipótese é que a confluência de posições integracionistas nas três potências regionais, sobretudo no Brasil e na Venezuela, impulsionada por um chanceler e dois presidentes, possibilitou a criação do organismo. Para sustentar isso, o trabalho se vale de uma série de dados empíricos desde os regimes militares na Argentina e no Brasil.
POPULISMO E DEMOCRACIA LIBERAL NA AMÉRICA DO SUL
Authors: Leis Hector Ricardo
Published: April 2019

O populismo é um fenômeno contraditório. As singularidades que marcam sua história na América do Sul mostram isto. Este trabalho procurará registrar a diversidade de circunstâncias que compõem os países da região, para posteriormente concentrar seus esforços na análise do populismo. As conclusões do trabalho vão além dos particularismos do fenômeno populista, associado tanto a regimes autoritários como democráticos, sejam de esquerda ou de direita, mostrando sua convergência numa cultura produtora de antagonismos que derivam irremediavelmente na decadência da comunidade política como um todo. Neste sentido, o principal efeito do populismo será emperrar as instituições próprias da democracia liberal.
A CLASSE POLÍTICA SEGUNDO A CLASSE TRABALHADORA: SEUS ENCONTROS E DESENCONTROS DEMOCRÁTICOS
Authors: Silva Rodinei Tarciano
Published: April 2019

A cultura política brasileira sempre foi marcada por um paradoxo: o apoio à democracia e sua desconfiança para com a classe política. Segundo trabalho realizado no Terminal Urbano de Brasília (Rodoviária de Brasília), a classe trabalhadora da capital federal sofre do mesmo paradoxo que desafia a consolidação da democracia brasileira: a opinião de que o peso do Poder Legislativo deve ser diminuído pelo chefe do governo. Este artigo analisa os dados desta pesquisa de cultura política realizada em Brasília considerando os encontros diretos e os encontros mediados pelos media da classe trabalhadora com a classe política, especialmente em relação aos maiores escândalos políticos que abalaram o Congresso Nacional entre 2003 e 2007.
OS MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS DA AMÉRICA LATINA EM QUESTÃO
Authors: Galvão Andréia
Published: April 2019

Este artigo se propõe a analisar a composição social, a plataforma reivindicativa e a forma de atuação de alguns movimentos sociais que eclodiram na cena política latino-americana no período recente. Esses movimentos foram escolhidos devido à sua dimensão política: todos eles possuem, cada um à sua maneira, um projeto político e produzem impactos políticos. Apesar da diversidade de projetos e dos diferentes impactos produzidos, e a despeito da heterogeneidade da base social mobilizada em cada movimento, o artigo busca apontar os elementos comuns e a possibilidade de encontrar uma unidade nos distintos movimentos. Essa unidade é pensada a partir de sua ideologia antineoliberal e do conceito de classes trabalhadoras.
PARTICIPAÇÃO SOCIAL, CULTURA POLÍTICA E INDICADORES DE ASSOCIATIVISMO: OS DIRIGENTES DE ENTIDADES SOCIAIS
Authors: Tonella Celene
Published: April 2019

A idéia central da presente discussão é a de que a luta pela construção democrática localiza-se no próprio espaço da sociedade civil, e não apenas no espaço do Estado. Entende-se que práticas associativas dinamizam a vida democrática, são espaços de socialização política e cívica, são canais de interlocução entre a sociedade e o Estado, além de serem espaço de formulação/questionamento de políticas públicas. O artigo tem como tema a cultura política e o associativismo no âmbito local. Interessa explorar a emergência de uma cultura cívica e política favorável à afirmação da cidadania e à construção de práticas democráticas na área da Região Metropolitana de Maringá - Paraná. O comportamento político, traduzido em termos da cultura política dos dirigentes de associações da sociedade civil, permitirá medir as relações e atitudes em relação ao sistema político.
EL DOMINIO EN UN MUNDO DE HOMBRES LIBRES. LOS DILEMAS DEL ESTADO CAPITALISTA EN LA CONFORMACIÓN DE COMUNIDAD
Authors: Osorio Jaime
Published: April 2019

En este artículo se busca responder a la pregunta :¿cómo logra el capital -sobre una población que constituye la mayoría social, formalmente libre-, establecer mecanismos de explotación y de dominio?. La propia lógica del capital provoca un doble movimiento: desgarra el tejido social, por la vía de apropiarse de trabajo ajeno y dominar, al tiempo que sutura esos desgarramientos, alentando el imaginario de comunidad. La ruptura que establece entre economía y política, desde los niveles más abstractos, a los más inmediatos, que cristalizan en las figuras del mercado y el ciudadano, operan en esta última dirección.
La posición estratégica de los trabajadores del carbón en Chile. De su fortaleza a la crisis, 1920-1960
Authors: Venegas Hernan
Published: April 2019

Este artículo aborda el comportamiento de los empresarios y trabajadores de la minería carbonífera en Chile, específicamente aquellos que se desempeñaron en la región de Arauco, la principal zona productora de carbón en el país. Muestra como el desempeño de las empresas y los intentos de modernización nacional por la vía de la industrialización, fuertemente dependiente de la producción de combustible, fueron puestos a prueba por las demandas de los trabajadores que se habían politizado y hecho conscientes de la posición estratégica que ocupaban en la economía chilena. Ello fue posible hasta que el carbón fue reemplazado por otras fuentes energéticas.
Campanha da Legalidade, Luta de Classes e Golpe de Estado no Rio Grande do Sul (1961-1964)*
Authors: Konrad Diorge Alceno , Lameira Rafael Fantinel
Published: April 2019

O processo histórico de construção do Golpe Civil-Militar, vitorioso em 1964, teve na Campanha da Legalidade um momento singular. 1964 foi antecedido de profunda polarização política entre os setores conservadoras e progressistas. Foi no Rio Grande do Sul que iniciou a resistência das forças constitucionais à tentativa de golpe, em 1961. Esta primeira tentativa golpista foi frustrada pela mobilização popular, dirigida a partir de Porto Alegre. Situação que não se repetirá em 1964, quando a resistência para a Legalidade teve nova tentativa. Entender este processo em uma dimensão mais ampla e complexa da luta de classes é o objetivo deste artigo.
A Legalidade e o Movimento Estudantil Brasileiro
Authors: Trindade Helgio
Published: April 2019

O artigo relaciona a Legalidade com o movimento estudantil universitáriobrasileiro e o particularmente gaúcho. As lideranças da União Nacional deEstudantes (UNE), criada em 1937, portadoras de ideais nacionalistas e críticasdo perfi l elitista da universidade brasileira, ao participarem da resistência políticacontra o golpe de 1961, atingiram outro patamar no processo de institucionalizaçãodo movimento estudantil. A hipótese é que, a partir da Legalidade, houveum amadurecimento e um avanço no processo de inserção dos universitários navida política brasileira, permitindo a expansão da UNE, apoiada pelo governoGoulart, por todo o território nacional.
Rio Grande do Sul: Governo Leonel Brizola e a questão agrária no início da década de 1960
Authors: Harres Marluza Marques
Published: April 2019

Ao longo do artigo analisamos a proposta de política agrária reformista elaborada e incipientemente implementada, no Rio Grande do Sul, durante o governo de Leonel Brizola (1959-1962). Examinamos, especialmente, os decretos de criação do IGRA e do PRADE que institucionalizaram e viabilizaram o programa de reforma agrária do governo Brizola, o qual chegou a desapropriar duas áreas de terras e constituiu alguns assentamentos rurais ao final da sua gestão. Estes dispositivos legais deram forma à estratégia governamental de intervenção no problema agrário, uma estratégia concebida por meio, principalmente, da expansão da estrutura do Estado. Levamos em consideração a conjuntura nacional e internacional para o exame da questão. Embora centrada na realidade sulina, as pretensões e expectativas envolvendo esta proposta ultrapassavam a esfera da administração regional. A experiência do Rio Grande do Sul pode ser considerada como um ensaio, um modelo de intervenção que deveria subsidiar o Governo Federal na formulação de uma política agrária de caráter nacional.
Entre las tipologías políticas y los procesos sociales: elementos para el análisis de los liderazgos indígenas
Authors: Wilde Guillermo
Published: April 2019

Este artículo propone un modelo de análisis del liderazgo indígena basado en la reconstrucción de situaciones sociales. Tomando como caso el contexto de las reducciones jesuíticas de guaraníes se analizan las transformaciones del poder nativo a lo largo del tiempo. La primera parte describe la formación de la nueva organización política enfatizando las relaciones existentes entre La etnogénesis de la misión y la institución de la fi gura política de los líderes indígenas – los caciques y los cabildantes – que participan de su gobierno. La segunda parte analiza el desenvolvimiento de los líderes indígenas en tres situaciones críticas de la historia de las reducciones: la guerra guaranítica, la expulsión de los jesuitas y el período postjesuítico. Cada una de estas situaciones constituye una trama compleja de reacomodamiento del poder en la que participan las autoridades nativas, em el marco más amplio del reordenamiento del mapa político e institucional de las reducciones y el Estado colonial.
Sob a bandeira vermelha: A “Revolução” Brasileira nas páginas de El Machete.
Authors: Sousa Fábio Da Silva
Published: April 2019

O presente artigo objetiva discutir matérias que o periódico comunista mexicano El Machete publicou sobre a Insurreição Comunista no Brasil de 1935 e das campanhas pela libertação de Luís Carlos Prestes. Fundado em 1924 e órgão central do Partido Comunista Mexicano (PCM), o El Machete dedicou atenção especial ao Brasil no decorrer do ano de 1936 e início de 1937, período em que Getúlio Vargas potencializou a repressão aos comunistas brasileiros e, consequentemente, decretou o regime ditatorial do Estado Novo.  Por meio de uma análise comparativa de tais matérias, este artigo objetiva elucidar como os comunistas mexicanos leram e interpretaram esse período da história brasileira, nas páginas do seu importante periódico de propaganda política.