bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Luta de classes e crise da democracia
Authors: Pandolfi Aline Fardin
Published: September 2021

A partir do artigo Despolitização e antipolítica: a extrema-direita na crise da democracia, do Professor Luis Felipe Miguel, nos propomos ao profícuo diálogo, bem como avançar sistematicamente em uma ideia principal: a crise da democracia é um fenômeno que só pode ser compreendido se inserido na dinâmica das relações de produção capitalistas, ou seja, se analisada sob a ótica da luta de classes.
KEGIATAN PEMBINAAN KEROHANIAN KRISTEN DI LAPAS ANAK DAN WANITA KELAS II TANGERANG
Authors: Marsaulina Roce , Sirait Rajiman Andrianus
Published: September 2021

Lembaga Pemasyarakatan (LP) merupakan tempat untuk melaksanakan pembinaan narapidana. Bagi mereka yang masuk kedalam penjara dapat menimbulkan stress bagi kehidupan mereka. Pelaksaanan pembinaan yang dilakukan merupakan salah satu fungsinya agar warga binaannya dapat menjalankan hidupnya sebagai mahluk Tuhan dan anggota masyarakat yang baik. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pembinaan secara khusus dibidang rohani dapat meningkatkan nilai-nilai rohani seseorang,bahkan dapat membangkitkan semangat mereka juga. Metode pelaksanaan yang dilakukan di Lapas Anak dan Wanita kelas 2 Tangerang menggunakan metode ceramah atau kotbah secara daring melalui aplikasi Zoom dan juga mendatangi langsung mereka sebagai bentuk kepedulian dan juga sebagai solusi untuk memutus matarantai pandemic Covid 19.
PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN PAAIKES UNTUK MENINGKATKAN ANTUSIASME ANAK SEKOLAH MINGGU DALAM BERIBADAH ONLINE DI GBI PAPUA RESTORATION FOR CHRIST
Authors: Panjaitan Yohanes Charly , Edu Ferdinand , Sumual Ivonne Sandra
Published: September 2021

Pada masa pandemi Covid-19, Guru Sekolah Minggu dituntut untuk mampu menjalankan ibadah sekolah minggu sebagaimana mestinya dengan esensi dan cara yang tepat. Hal ini supaya anak-anak tidak mengalami kebosanan dan dapat memahami materi yang disampaikan dengan benar dan mengalami pertumbuhan iman sesuai dengan usianya. Karena itu, tim melakukan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat di GBI Papua Restoration For Christ dengan menerapkan metode mngajar PAAIKES kepada anak-anak sekolah minggu. Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan pengajaran dan pendampingan. Hasil PkM menyatakan bahwa respons antusias dan semangat dari anak Sekolah Minggu ketika ibadah dan mendengarkan firman Tuhan. Anak Sekolah Minggu yang antusias dapat dimiliki oleh gereja jika menerapkan metode mengajar yang tepat dan memberikan perhatian penuh seperti melakukan pendampingan serta arahan yang tepat.
KOMSEL PEMURIDAN KREATIF PEMUDA GBI BUKIT SION
Authors: Untung Naftali , Tanonggi Rafael Oktovianus , Pekuwali John Riwu
Published: September 2021

Merebaknya pandemi membuat banyak kegiatan-kegiatan dikurangi, termasuk program pemuridan di komunitas Kristen. Tentunya masalah ini juga dihadapai GBI Bukit Sion. Pemuridan generasi muda di gereja ini bahkan tidak lagi berjalan sejak awal mula pandemi. Meskipun dijalankan, terdapat karakter dari pemuda yang mudah bosan untuk mengikuti acara yang berkaitan dengan spiritualitas yang harus diperhatikan. maka setelah melakukan analisis kebutuhan gereja kelompok penulis mengusung implementasi kelompok sel daring dengan metode sharing, mentoring, dan games yang mampu menjadi solusi untuk masalah pemuridan era pandemi.
РАЗНОВИДНОСТИ ШАМОТА КАК ФАКТОР ВЛИЯНИЯ НА СТРУКТУРУ И СВОЙСТВА ПОРИСТОЙ КЕРАМИКИ
Authors: Белоусов Олег , Свидерский Валентин , Черняк Лев , Шнирук Олег
Published: September 2021

Подано результати дослідження пористих матеріалів на основі продуктів керамічного виробництва - шамоту як фракціонованого наповнювача. Показано особливості утворення порової структури матеріалу при використанні шамоту різного хіміко-мінералогічного складу в умовах швидкісного випалу
ВЫБОР И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ КОНТРОЛЬНЫХ КАРТ В СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВЕ
Authors: Скрипник Андрей , Литвиненко Александр , Болила Надежда , Новак Евгения
Published: September 2021

Запропоновано використовувати методи статистичного управління процесами (SPC) для оцінювання параметрів будівництва і управління ними. Крім широко розповсюджених карт Шухарта, розглядаються випадки потреби у застосуванні інших засобів контролю, а саме: карти Хотелінга (при виявленні кореляції між досліджуваними параметрами процесу), карти накопичених сум (CUSUM-карти використовуються для виявлення малих поступових зсувів і відхилень від середніх значень процесу), карта ковзних середніх (MA-карта та EWMA-карта - використовуються для виявлення малих трендів у розвитку процесу), регресійні контрольні карти (RK карти - дозволяють виявити спостереження, які сильно відхиляються від середнього за вибіркою), контрольні карти Парето (використовують для виявлення чинників, які найбільше впливають на зміну якостей досліджуваного параметру). Наведено алгоритм вибору контрольних карт для оцінювання параметрів будівництва в залежності від цілей контролю і якостей оцінюваних показників
УКРАИНА – КУРС НА АВТОМОБИЛЬНЫЕ ДОРОГИ С ЦЕМЕНТОБЕТОННЫМ ПОКРЫТИЕМ
Authors: Безуглый Артем , Крипка Людмила
Published: September 2021

У статті проаналізовано напрямки будівництва автомобільних доріг з цементобетонним покриттям, розширення можливості реалізації вітчизняного промислового потенціалу та покращення інвестиційного клімату України в цілому. Представлена Концепція Державної цільової економічної програми розвитку автомобільних доріг загального користування з цементобетонним покриттям на 2021-2026 роки та Зелена книга «Будівництво цементобетонних доріг для місцевих громад».
ТРУБЧАТЫЕ БЕТОННЫЕ БУРОВИБРОВАКУУМИРОВАНЫЕ СВАИ ДЛЯ МАЛОЭТАЖНОГО СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА
Authors: Фурсов Юрий , Юнис Башир , Али Адил Халид
Published: September 2021

Розроблено нові конструктивні рішення зведення економічних фундаментів, яки засновані на технології формування пустотілих буронабивних паль з високоміцного дрібнозернистого бетону. Відповідно до проведеного розрахунку міцності бетону для розробленої в ХНУБА палі вищевказаного розміру, витрата бетону в порівнянні з палею Страуса може бути зменшена з 0,21 м3 (суцільна паля) до 0,05 м3 (паля ХНУБА), тобто зменшення в 4 рази. Значне зниження витрат матеріалу показує економічну ефективність тонкостінних паль
Análise das correlações entre as chuvas acumuladas e os deslizamentos em Blumenau - SC
Authors: Tachini Mario , Severo Dirceu Luis , Silva Hélio dos Santos
Published: September 2021

Blumenau (SC) apresenta um histórico de danos sociais e econômicos associados às inundações e deslizamentos de massa. A análise das correlações entre as precipitações acumuladas entre um e até sete dias anteriores à ocorrência dos deslizamentos, foi realizada para o período de 2010 e 2017, a partir de três critérios. Os resultados do estudo indicaram que apenas o critério de separação por faixas se mostrou consistente, apresentando uma boa representação da curva de deslizamento relacionada com as chuvas.
Processo de territorialização, comunidade tradicional e desenvolvimento econômico
Authors: Oliveira Elisa Quint de Souza de , Rocha Isa de Oliveira , Martins Pedro
Published: September 2021

O texto apresenta o contexto de formação e a conjuntura atual da luta da Comunidade dos Areais da Ribanceira (Imbituba, SC) pela sua continuidade histórica e manutenção da sua presença no território tradicional. Como referencial teórico considerou-se as ideias de territorialização do campo da geografia bem como os conceitos relacionados aos povos e comunidades tradicionais. Do ponto de vista metodológico o trabalho resulta de uma observação não sistemática e exploratória do agrupamento bem como do emprego de recursos documentais e revisão bibliográfica. Conclui-se que, no contexto da industrialização do sul de Santa Catarina, as dificuldades para garantir a continuidade da reprodução dos conhecimentos tradicionais apontam para a necessidade de resgate e manutenção do território e convivência no contexto mais amplo da reestruturação da zona portuária.
Analysis of Type II radio burst relationship with CME driven shocks
Authors:   Department of Physics, CMR Institute of Technology, Bangalore -560037, India., K.H Raveesha , P Vedavathi ,   Department of Physics, Bangalore university,Bengaluru-560056, India., Doddamani Vijayakumar H ,   Department of Physics, Bangalore university,Bengaluru-560056, India.
Published: September 2021

Type II radio bursts are known to be the signatures of coronal shocks. In this paper we examine the relationship between 129 type II bursts in the frequency range 35 – 450 MHz observed at Culgooora observatory during May 2002 – October 2015 and the associated CMEs. We apply Newkirk (1961) density model to determine the formation height of type IIs. We find that in 109/129 cases, type II bursts were preceded/ succeeded by CMEs. The CME associated type II events in which the CME height is above the type II burst source are categorized as group I events (91/129 cases). 91% of the bursts in this group are also associated with flares and 58% of these bursts originate during decaying phase of the flare. The correlation between CME speed and type II shock speed for limb events in this group is 0.33.The CME associated type IIs in which the CME height is below the type II source are categorized as group II (18/129 cases). CME driven shock could have been the exciter of these type II bursts.88% of this group events are associated with flares and 62% of these bursts originate during the rising phase of the flare. The correlation between CME speed and type II shock speed for limb events in this group is 0.96. In 20/129 cases of our data set, type II bursts are not associated with CME and are categorized as group III. 90% of the bursts in this group are associated with flares. 77% of the bursts in the group are originating in the decaying phase of flares. Poor temporal association (9/69 cases) between type IIs and flares of X class during this period. Our results suggest that inspite of temporal association with metric type II bursts, majority of the CME driven shocks (84%) are not successful in exciting type II bursts in 35-450 MHz domain. The type II bursts temporally correlated with CMEs and likely to have been excited by CMEs (type II height > CME height) are originating during the rising phase of the flares in majority of the events. In case of type II bursts temporally correlated with CMEs supposedly not excited by the CMEs (type II height < CME height) ,majority of them are originating in the decaying phase of flares.
Las loot boxes como modelo de monetización predatoria dentro de los videojuegos: aproximación psicoeducativa
Authors: Sanmartín Francisco Javier , Velasco Judith , Blanco Susana
Published: September 2021

Las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) se han instaurado como un elemento fundamental en nuestro día a día. Sin embargo, sus beneficios se han visto empañados, con frecuencia, por los riesgos inherentes al espacio virtual. Uno de los elementos que más interés ha generado por sus implicaciones es el juego de azar online. A pesar de que su acceso se encuentra regulado, han surgido nuevas dinámicas que pretenden burlar estas restricciones emplazando mecánicas de azar en productos dirigidos a menores: hablamos de las loot boxes, un sistema de adquisición de artículos aleatorios –previo pago con dinero real– dentro de los videojuegos, cuyo funcionamiento ha sido equiparado al de las máquinas tragaperras. Aunque estas cajas se han relacionado con el consumo problemático de videojuegos y de otros juegos de azar, no se contemplan como tales en la Ley de regulación del juego en España, de manera que los menores se encuentran en una situación de desprotección ante esta problemática. Así, con el fin de visibilizar esta casuística y dotar a familias y educadores de herramientas, en el presente trabajo se aborda este fenómeno desde un triple enfoque: descriptivo, jurídico y psicoeducativo. Se proponen, desde la experiencia terapéutica y asistencial, señales de alarma con las que poder identificar un consumo de riesgo de loot boxes, así como pautas de actuación para familias y profesorado.
Recensiones, No. 23
Authors: Latinoamericana de Teología Revista
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 8, No. 23, 1991: 211-227.
La interpelación de los profetas de ayer y de hoy
Authors: Sivatte Rafael de
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 8, No. 24, 1991: 253-280.
Expresiones contra la mujer en el quechua ayacuchano
Authors: Rodríguez Berrocal Pío
Published: September 2021

Es investigación de paradigma cualitativo, se presenta la descripción y análisis del discurso lingüístico quechua ayacuchano, a través de la metodología de la semiótica cultural. Los corpus recopilados guardan relación con el tópico de la violencia contra la mujer, básicamente de modalidad psicológica y cultural. En el corpus, recopilado de diferentes textos orales, en los barrios tradicionales de Huamanga, de base lingüística e hibridación cultural entre el mundo andino quechua y occidental, se identifican y describen los componentes y los rasgos de la violencia contra la mujer, con la finalidad de evidenciar prejuicios y estereotipos que invisibilizan o justifican implícitamente este tipo de violencia de género.
Las representaciones del abigeato: ¿mirar desde adentro?
Authors: Landa Vásquez Ladislao
Published: September 2021

En las décadas del 70 y 80 del siglo pasado algunos antropólogos incursionaron en zonas andinas de Cusco y Apurímac en el Perú, y desde allí pretendieron representar las lógicas de vida de una población que mantiene una tradición ganadera y a la vez una actividad reñida con la ley como es el abigeato o robo de ganado. En este texto pretendo discutir las miradas de dichos etnógrafos debido a sus percepciones dispares sobre un tema que podría definirse también como el ethos de los qorilazos.
Corrales y el intercambio comercial en el anexo de Ranracancha, distrito de Vinchos, provincia de Huamanga: trueque, ganadería y productos
Authors: Choquecahua Jorge William
Published: September 2021

En el siglo XVIII, la región de Ayacucho es participe de distintos sucesos en lo que respecta a todo el territorio peruano, los pequeños pueblos o sociedades estaban dispersas por diferentes regiones naturales, pero siempre hubo un tipo de conexión, ya sea en un aspecto político, económico o social. Ranracancha es uno de los primeros anexos creados en el distrito de Vinchos; por ende, el objetivo de este trabajo es explicar la dinámica del sistema de trueque y la economía principal de subsistencia en este territorio. Con informaciones etnográficas daremos a conocer los aspectos importantes de este sitio, conjuntamente con trabajos publicados que hacen referencia al intercambio comercial, corrales y productos que tomamos como referencia. La postura que manejamos es que Ranracancha, siendo uno de los primeros anexos creados en este distrito, dio el cimiento a las primeras manifestaciones culturales para las posteriores sociedades en lo que respecta el distrito de Vinchos.
Salud y naturaleza en comunidades asháninkas en la cuenca del río Tambo
Authors: Fabián Arias Beatriz A.
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo determinar las principales características de la salud y naturaleza en comunidades asháninkas de la cuenca del río Tambo, distrito de Río Tambo, provincia de Satipo, en la selva central de Junín. La investigación es cualitativa, tipo aplicada, nivel exploratorio, método etnográfico, diseño no experimental. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la guía de entrevista y la guía de observación; la epistemología que sustenta la investigación es la teoría histórico-cultural de Lev Semionovich Vigotsky. La muestra representativa fueron treinta participantes. Las principales características halladas fueron que la salud es integral, física, psíquica y armonía. La salud es integral, porque incorpora las enfermedades de los seres humanos, la naturaleza y el universo; es físico, porque el ser humano tiene fuerza y vigor corporal para realizar actividades; es psíquica, porque al ser humano la naturaleza le quitó la fuerza de vivir; es armonía, porque hay una relación entre el ser humano y la naturaleza.
Migración, aculturación y política social en los estudiantes del Programa Nacional Beca 18 del Instituto CERTUS
Authors: Anselmo Vargas José Luis
Published: September 2021

Teniendo como referencia la percepción de los estudiantes, el presente estudio se propuso demostrar que el Programa Beca 18 no toma en cuenta en su ejecución el enfoque y aplicación de una experiencia educativa intercultural en el desarrollo de la carrera de sus becarios. Asimismo, comprobar también que el área de tutoría del Instituto CERTUS desarrolla el acompañamiento socioemocional y académico de los becarios sin aplicar actividades que revaloren el componente intercultural de sus becarios. Al no crearse un clima sociocultural de acogida e integración de estos becarios migrantes, no pueden reproducir su cultura que, al ser rechazada mediante la indiferencia, para integrarse adoptan elementos de la cultura dominante.

La metodología utilizada fue de tipo cualitativa, con un diseño interpretativo. La población para este estudio fue estudiantes del programa Beca 18 de la carrera de Administración de Negocios Internacionales del Instituto de Educación Superior Tecnológico Privado CERTUS. No se contempló una muestra representativa, se valoró el uso del cuestionario para realizar las entrevistas semiestructuradas y se utilizó la técnica de la observación participante.

Entre los resultados se halló que los becarios experimentaron un gran impacto desde su llegada a Lima y durante las primeras semanas en la ciudad. Describieron que su proceso de adaptación ha sido y en algunos casos todavía lo es, un proceso muy complejo y difícil de enfrentar para ellos, principalmente por la diferencia de la cultura de la capital.

Entre las conclusiones se halló que el programa Beca 18 no contempla en el diseño de sus lineamientos de tutoría, una estrategia sociocultural e intercultural para los becarios que migran a la capital a integrarse a una cultura diferente. Así mismo que el Instituto CERTUS no desarrolla una estrategia educativa intercultural para sus becarios mediante el desarrollo de contenidos con pertinencia cultural.

También se pudo concluir que, a pesar de la diversidad cultural de los becarios, el área de tutoría del Instituto CERTUS, no desarrolla actividades que identifiquen, valoren y difundan la interculturalidad, porque ello significaría incluirlo en la programación y darle un tratamiento especializado.

Finalmente se concluyó que los becarios no se identifican en una ciudad y en un programa homogeneizante, que no valora su cultura. Los becarios no pueden reproducir su cultura y adoptan elementos de la cultura dominante.
Teledentistry and COVID-19: Today and Tomorrow
Authors: Niazi Muhammad Imran Khan , Ghafoor Sarah
Published: September 2021

The use of technology to facilitate communication and care between patients and dental health care providers at different locations is referred as tele dentistry. It utilises different electronic modalities thus increasing the efficacy of dental clinics by converting traditional paper patient’s records to Electronic Health Records (EHR). These EHR can help in increasing inter-professional communication between clinicians and multidisciplinary management of complex cases. Tele dentistry is a unique way to overcome the geographical barriers by delivering long distance treatment, providing Continuing Education (CE) and training opportunities for dental and non-dental providers. It also has the potential to reduce or eliminate oral health care disparities between different communities. During current COVID-19 pandemic tele dentistry is an effective way to triage high risk patients needing urgent or emergency care thus mitigatingthe risk of the spread of the Coronavirus. Tele dentistry is yet to become integral part of Pakistan dental health care service but it is imperative that dental health care providers actively promote and support the use of tele dentistry
COVID-19 in Pakistan
Authors: Rubi Ghazala , Malik Irfan , Javaid Zainab
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was first declared as emergency on January 30th2020 by World Health Organization (WHO). The Government of Pakistan presented a National action plan, which aimed to inhibit the spread of this Corona virus and to reinforce the effective reaction due to this COVID-19 epidemic. Lahore General Hospital (LGH) is the first public sector hospital that started COVID-19 real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) testing to serve community. COVID-19 has affected the mental health of public in general and health professional in particular. We need to support healthprofessionals to do theirjobs, be safe and stay alive. Future research should explore the fears and
coping strategies of health professionals during pandemics.
Serological (Antibody-Based) Tests for COVID-19: A Pathologist's Perspective
Authors: Shams Muhammad Usman , Lail Raees Abbas , Khalid Sobia
Published: September 2021

The essential and critical role of laboratory medicine in the current Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID19) outbreak regarding diagnosis, therapeutics and prognostics cannot be overruled. No laboratory test is perfect and there is always a dilemma especially for respiratory diseases as in case of tuberculosis. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV are not always perfect for any one test. In case of COVID-19, we need to step ahead of PCR and also start supplementary serology testing. It will provide wide range of information, important for future thinking, planning and actions against COVID-19.
A Healer's Uncertain State of Mind in COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Aslam Zeenaf , Ghani Mansoor , Kauser Samina
Published: September 2021

Current plight of COVID-19 in developing countries entails uncertain prognosis, impending severe shortages of resources for testing and treatment and inadequate safety measure for health care providers. The imposition of unfamiliar public health measures that may infringe on personal freedoms, large and growing financial losses, and conflicting messages from authorities are among the other major stressors that undoubtedly will contribute to widespread emotional distress and increased risk for mental fatigue associated with COVID-19.
Lung & Gynecological Cancers: Has COVID-19 Impacted Patients?
Authors: Waheed Muhammad Talha , Sajid Mir Ibrahim , Balouch Samira Shabbir , Jabbar Adnan
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus disease- 2019 (COVID-19) presented as case of viral pneumonia of unknown etiology is diagnosed by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test of the samples from upper and lower respiratory tract. It can present as a mild flu-like illness for healthy adults yet it may become a life-threatening disease for the immunocompromised, such as cancer patients, by predisposing them to respiratory pathogens which may manifest as life-endangering pneumonia. Physicians should carefully evaluate their patient’s disease process and tailor treatment for individual patients to ensure that before doing beneficence, no further harm is done. Whether this is a wrinkle in time or the new normal, time will tell, but in light of recent evidence, ‘extra’ caution is the way forward.
Fifty Days of COVID-19 Pandemic in Pakistan: Unrivalled Adaptations in Obstetric Clinical Practices
Authors: Shahzad Fazeela , Sohail Nudrat
Published: September 2021

Civil hospital of Gujranwala District of Punjab is a teaching hospital where a huge number of patients visit every day. Obstetrics and gynecology department of the hospital is a much busy department, around 92,186 patients visited the department last year and 11,788 births were conducted. Since the first case of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) was reported, country has witnessed a lot of phenomena due to Coronavirus pandemic. Therefore, it was much needed that department develops Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to respond to Coronavirus outbreak and sustain essential obstetric services at this institute. There are three important components to focus on for developing a policy for the department with aim of preventing COVID-19 infection transmission among patients and health care providers. These are Guarding (Protection), Gears (Equipment) & Grounding (Planning). These important elements need to be addressed for preventing spread of infection. Aim should be to continue smooth delivery of quality health services to gravid females and to keep a check on complications during pandemic.
Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests for COVID-19 (SARS-COV-2)
Authors: Shafique Sadaf , Aslam Farheen , Khan Raheel , Shaukat Asma
Published: September 2021

The knowledge regarding diagnostic testing for SARS COV-2 is still at hit-and-trial phases, all over the world. Evolving day by day through ongoing research and extensive trials, use for SARS-COV-2 infectionsReverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and IgM/ IgG serology by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) or Electro-Chemiluminescent Immunoassay remain the main stay of diagnosis. However, the time course for the PCR positivity and seroconversion seem to vary in children and adults both, which also includes a huge population of asymptomatic individuals who are potentially labelled negative hence posing a great threat to the surrounding community.
Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Care Workers: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Jabeen Zaina , Rani Aysha , Ahmed Sohaib , Ghaffar Sadaf , Kazmi Tazaeen Hina , Wasim-ud-Din
Published: September 2021

Background and Objective: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected more than four million people in 213 countries. Health care workers (HCWs) who deal with COVID-19 patients have a high chance of getting infected. They have got valid concerns regarding their own health as well as the impact it can have on the wellbeing of their family and acquaintances. The current study aims to assess the prevalence of psychological problems among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs of Wah Medical College and Pakistan Ordnance Factories (POF) Hospital Wah Cantt from 1st May 2020 to 7th May 2020 after an ethical approval by ethical review board. A total of 340 HCWs participated by filling an online questionairre; questions on demographic profile and validated Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale–21 (DASS-21) score were included. Frequency of depression, anxiety and stress and mean DASS-21 scores between house officers and all other healthcare workers and between Medicine and allied department and other departments was assessed. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS)-23. P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among 340 HCWs majority i.e. 66.8% were less than 35 years of age and the mean age of participants was 40.65 ± 11.64 years. There was a female proponderance with a F:M ratio of 1.7:1. Most (55.3%) of the participants were single and there was a high percentage of house officers with 45% among all. The overall prevalence of depressiom, anxiety and stress among all HCWs was 32.9%, 25% and 23.5% respectively. The depression, anxiety and stress among house officers than other HCWs and higher prevalence in Medicine and Allied Departments than other departments. Conclusion: As the global threat of COVID-19 continues to emerge, it is important not to underestimate the psychological impact of this pandemic on HCWs. Interventions and support to especially vulnerable groups of HCWs will help improve psychological health, which in turn will help improve the quality of patient care.
Depression and Anxiety in Health Care Workers during COVID-19
Authors: Mehdi Muntazir , Waseem Muhammad , Rehm Muhammad Hassam , Aziz Nauman , Anjum Sagheer , Javid Muhammad Aslam
Published: September 2021

Background and Objective: Pakistan has been sternly affected by COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) since March, 2020. This study was intended to evaluate the mental health among health care workers throughout the epidemic and to sight see the possible influence factors. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional survey composed of n = 237 self-selected health care workers was conducted. Their demographics, COVID-19 associated knowledge, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were noted. Results: This study received n = 237 responses. A total of (59%) of the participants belonged to age group 20-30 years. Females (56.3%) were more among all of them. Regarding marital status, (44.5%) were unmarried. Out of n = 237 participants, there were (62%) doctors, (34%) nurses and (4%) paramedical staff. Depression and anxiety prevailed in about (34.6%) and (42.2%) of participants respectively. Moderate depression was reported equally by doctors and nurses. Severe anxiety was found in (25%) while borderline anxiety in (17%) of all the participants. Nurses reported more severity in depression while comparing to doctors. Conclusion: Females were slightly more depressed than males and anxiety was more common than depression especially in health workers from Sahiwal. Depression was seen more commonly in married individuals while comparing to singles. Risk of transmission of COVID-19 to family was most stressful for the participants and more than half of them affirmed it.
War on COVID-19: Frontline Soldiers
Authors: Usmani Samar , Farasat Fizzah
Published: September 2021

N/A
Bat Borne Diseases
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Hanif Muhammad Touqeer , Abbas Waseem , Bilal Amjad
Published: September 2021

A bat-borne disease is any infectious disease whose primary reservoir is any species of bat. It is not a coincidence that some of the deadly viral disease outbreaks in recent years like severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory disorder (MERS), Ebola, Marburg and the new 2019-nCoV virus are speculated to be originated in bats. Rarely some bacterial and fungal diseases are also related to certain species of bats. Such illnesses are part of Zoonosis, which refers to the human diseases of animal origin. In this review we highlight some of the bat-borne diseases with emphasis on the viral outbreaks as bats world-wide harbor a greater proportion of viruses than several other groups of mammals.
Immunological Basis of COVID-19
Authors: Jahan Shah , Tahir Romeeza , Shahzad Faheem , Javed Khursheed , Kashif Muhammad , Afzal Nadeem
Published: September 2021

Currently major challenge for scientists is to cope with Coronavirus infection that alters host immune response in different ways. There is variability in immune response in diverse populations against this infection and particularly immunity of a certain population against SARS-CoV-2is not clear. Many factors such as viral and host genetics that play crucial in this infection but immunological aspects are more important in infection and disease progression. Its different patterns of spread and severity needs timely focus to design strategies against this disease. This review sums up the concepts related to host immune response to SARS-CoV-2, cellular and humoral immunity, cytokines storm and immunization against COVID-19.
TRABZON’DA OSMANLI DÖNEMİ YAPILAN TARİHÎ ÇEŞMELERİN MİMARİ ÖZELLİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ VE KORUMAYA YÖNELİK DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: AKTÜRK İbrahim
Published: September 2021

Tarihi çeşmeler Türk Mimarisi’ n de önemli yeri olan sanatsal ve kültürel değeri olan yapılardır. Suyun yaşamın kaynağı ve vazgeçilmesi olması bakımından çeşmeler ön plana çıkmaktadır. Özellikle Osmanlı Dönemi’ nde konutlara kolayca su şebekelerinin ulaşamadığı zamanlarda kentlerdeki stratejik noktalara inşa edilen çeşmeler halkın yaşamında gerekli olmuştur. Kentlerdeki sokakların şekillendirilmesinde ve sanat eseri olması çeşme yapılarının önemini daha da pekiştirmektedir. Mimari ve işlevsel özellikleriyle eski dönemlerdeki hayatın merkezlerinden biri olan çeşmeler günümüzde koruma sorunları ile karşılaşmaktadır. Tarihi çeşmeler kentlerde korunamayıp yıkıma kadar giden süreç yaşadıkları görülmektedir. Trabzon kent merkezinde bulunan tarihi çeşmeler Anadolu’ da yer alan diğer çeşme yapıları gibi yok olma tehlikesi yaşamaktadır. Trabzon Kenti içerisinde inşa edilen tarihi çeşmelerin birçoğu günümüze ulaşamayıp yıkılmıştır. Bazıları günümüze ulaşmış ancak pasif durumda bir kısmı da aktif ancak hasarlı durumda oldukları görülmektedir. Çalışma genelinde literatür araştırmaları sonucunda Trabzon’ da yer alan tarihi çeşmelerin mimari özellikler incelenmiş ve kent genelinde çeşme yapıları kategorize edilmiştir. Mimari yapıları ve korunma durumlarına göre daha ön planda olan çeşmeler resimlerle ifade edilmiştir. Trabzon’ da bulunan tarihi çeşmelerin yapısı analiz edilerek koruma açısından restorasyon önerileri verilmiştir.
AGİOS ELEFTERİOS (AFKULE) MANASTIRI
Authors: DURMUŞ Fuat
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışma, Muğla İli, Fethiye İlçesi, Kaya Mahallesi sınırları içerisinde bulunan Agios Elefterios (Afkule) Manastırı’nın mimari ve tarihi incelemesini konu almaktadır. İncelemelerimiz kapsamında manastır kompleksinde tespit edilen 11 mekanın olası işlevi ve tarihsel değerlendirmeleri yapılmıştır. Afkule Manastırı, topografik konumu, yöresel malzeme kullanımı, yapım tekniği ve özgün mimari yerleşim örüntüleriyle kırsal dini mimarinin çarpıcı örneklerinden biridir. Ülkemizin kırsal dini mimarisi üzerine yapılmış çalışmalar ne kadar sınırlıysa gayrimüslimlere ait kırsal dini mimari araştırmalar da bir o kadar yetersizdir. Afkule Manastırı bugüne değin mimarlık ve sanat tarihi açısından bilimsel olarak incelenmemiş, manastır kompleksi de bütüncül olarak değerlendirilmemiştir. Anadolu’da plan şeması veren, sınırlı sayıdaki manastırdan biri olan Afkule Manastırı’nda gerçekleştirdiğimiz bu incelemenin Anadolu manastır araştırma ve çalışmalarına yeni bir veri sunması, konu hakkındaki bilgilere katkıda bulunması hedeflenmektedir.
Feline İnfeksiyöz Peritonitise Genel Bakış ve Antiviral Yaklaşımlar
Authors: KURUÇAY Hanne Nur , GÜMÜŞOVA Semra
Published: September 2021

Feline Enfeksiyöz peritonitis (FIP) kedilerde coronavirusların sebep olduğu bir enfeksiyondur. Virusun iki serotipi iki biyotipi tanımlanmıştır. Dünya çapında baskın olan serotipi FCoV-1 dir. FIP tüm dünyadaki kedilerde görülen enterik coronavirusdaki spesifik mutasyonlarla ortaya çıkar. Kalabalık ortamlarda barındırılan hayvanlarda hastalığın görülme riski artar. Efüziv formun tanısı non efüziv forma göre daha kolaydır ancak yine de hastalığın kesin teşhisi zordur. Etkili antiviral çalışmaları hala devam etmektedir
PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA PENDERITA TUNA RUNGU DAN TUNA WICARA (KAJIAN PRAGMATIK PADA KOSAKATA DAN FONETIS )
Authors: NOVALINA NOVALINA
Published: September 2021

Penelitian tentang Pemerolehan Bahasa Penderita Tuna Rungu dan Tuna Wicara menarik untuk dikaji, terutama kajian pragmatik pada kosakata dan fonetis bahasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana pemerolehan bahasa dan bentuk pragmatik pada kosakata serta fonetis bahasa penderita tuna rungu dan tuna wicara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang berlatar natural. Data penelitian ini berupa catatatan lapangan hasil observasi, hasil wawancara, dan rekaman responden. Hasil temuan dalam penelitian ini pemerolehan bahasa penderita tuna rungu dan tuna wicara dipengaruhi oleh lingkungannya yang menggunakan bahasa ibu (bahasa Sunda). Responden hanya mengalami 1 tahun bersekolah di SD untuk mengenal bahasa keduanya (bahasa Indonesia). Responden mampu menguasai kosakata dan mampu mengucapkan hurup-hurup vokal dengan bunyi ujaran yang jelas, seperti vokal /a/i/u/o, tetapi tidak mengucapkan vokal /e/. Responden juga mengalami kesulitan dalam menyebutkan kosakata dan bunyi ujaran hurup-hurup konsonan . Selain itu, responden dapat mengucapkan dua kosakata dengan jelas jika dituturkan dengan dieja. Untuk berkomunikasi dengan lawan bicara sering menggunakan bahasa isyarat agar lawan bicara memahami apa yang disampaikainya, begitu juga sebaliknya. Penguasaan kosakata bahasa Indonesia didapatkan dari menonton televisi dan responden dapat memahami bahasa yang disampaikan lewat ekspresi yang diperlihatkannya. Secara pragmatik, responden memahami makna kata dengan aspeknya yang lain, memahami kosa kata dan fonetis bahasanya walaupun tidak mampu diucapkan secara jelas. Kesulitan dalam pemerolehen bahasa pada penderita tuna rungu dan tuna wicara dapat diatasi jika dapat dikenali sejak dini dan kepedulian orang tua untuk memperkaya pemerolehan bahasa dan kosakata yang diterima responden .
ASPECTOS CLÍNICOS E GENÉTICOS NO DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE DA SÍNDROME DE WILLIAMS-BEUREN: EVIDÊNCIAS ATUAIS
Authors: Santana Fabyanne França de , Oliveira Karolline de Albuquerque , Lima Uirassú Tupinambá Silva de
Published: September 2021

: INTRODUÇÃO: as crianças fragilizadas por esta síndrome apresentam um conjunto de sinais e sintomas característicos, os quais variam de acordo com a extensão do dano nos genes responsáveis pela patologia. Considerando a carência de pesquisas e de literatura no Brasil no tocante a este agravo na saúde da criança, resolveu-se pelo desenvolvimento desta temática como trabalho de conclusão de curso de enfermagem. OBJETIVO: identificar na literatura atual aspectos clínicos e genéticos envolvidos no diagnóstico médico precoce da síndrome de Williams-Beuren.  METODOLOGIA: consistiu em um estudo de revisão integrativa de literatura, através de pesquisa nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Medical Literatura Análise e Retrieval System on-line (MEDLINE), Public Medline (PubMed) e as bibliotecas virtuais Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), essas escolhidas por sua larga difusão acadêmica. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: evidenciou-se ser necessário que os profissionais da saúde, em especial os enfermeiros, de todos os níveis assistenciais, possuam competências e habilidades generalistas relacionadas a essa patologia, que englobem além dos conhecimentos fenotípicos e aspectos clínicos, que possam direcionar de maneira rápida, efetiva e segura seus processos de trabalho. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: o enfermeiro frente a essa condição clínica, precisa compreender a rede de desdobramento dos sinais e sintomas envolvidos, para que em seguida possa alinhar o Processo de Enfermagem (PE) para uma assistência mais qualitativa, autônoma, humana e interprofissional.
O USO DA LOGÍSTICA REVERSA PARA MINIMIZAR OS IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS CAUSADOS PELO LIXO ELETRÔNICO
Authors: Reis Erika Karoline da Silva
Published: September 2021

Nos últimos anos, com o grande avanço das inovações tecnológicas e o alto volume gerado de resíduos eletrônicos causam grande preocupação em relação ao meio ambiente. Devido à alta concentração de metais pesados encontrados nesse lixo eletrônico que podem prejudicar o meio ambiente é a saúde humana. Diante desse grande problema mundial. Este artigo através de pesquisa bibliográfica teve como objetivo apresentar os perigos do lixo eletrônico ao meio ambiente, mostrar uma abordagem geral sobre logística reversa e mostrar como a logística reversa através da reciclagem e do reuso pode auxiliar na diminuição dos impactos ambientais causados pelo lixo eletrônico. Em seguida foi aplicado um questionário para identificar o conhecimento da população de Porto Velho sobre o lixo eletrônico é onde eram acostumados a descartar esse tipo de lixo. Diante dos resultados desse questionário, foi proposto a criação de uma cooperativa de reciclagem de resíduos eletrônicos, de modo a mitigar o problema do lixo eletrônico, visto que boa parte da população desconhece a existência da coleta seletiva.
Statistical properties of a stochastic model of eddy hopping
Authors: Saito Izumi , Watanabe Takeshi , Gotoh Toshiyuki
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Statistical properties are investigated for the stochastic model of eddy hopping, which is
a novel cloud microphysical model that accounts for the effect of the supersaturation fluctuation at unresolved scales on the growth of cloud droplets and on spectral broadening.
Two versions of the model, the original version by Grabowski and Abade (2017) and the second version by Abade et al. (2018),
are considered and validated against the reference data taken from direct numerical simulations and large-eddy simulations (LESs).
It is shown that the original version fails to reproduce a proper scaling for a certain range of parameters,
resulting in a deviation of the model prediction from the reference data,
while the second version successfully reproduces the proper scaling.
In addition, a possible simplification of the model is discussed,
which reduces the number of model variables
while keeping the statistical properties almost unchanged
in the typical parameter range for the model implementation in the LES Lagrangian cloud model.
Evaluation of retrieval methods for planetary boundary layer height based on radiosonde data
Authors: Li Hui , Liu Boming , Ma Xin , Jin Shikuan , Ma Yingying , Zhao Yuefeng , Gong Wei
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Radiosonde (RS) is widely used to detect the vertical
structures of the planetary boundary layer (PBL), and numerous methods have
been proposed for retrieving PBL height (PBLH) from RS data. However, an
algorithm that is suitable under all atmospheric conditions does not exist.
This study evaluates the performance of four common PBLH algorithms under
different thermodynamic stability conditions based on RS data collected from
nine sites in January–December 2019. The four RS algorithms are the
potential temperature gradient method (GMθ), relative humidity
(RH) gradient method (GMRH), parcel method (PM) and Richardson number
method (RM). Atmospheric conditions are divided into convective boundary
layer (CBL), neutral boundary layer (NBL) and stable boundary layer (SBL) on
the basis of the potential temperature profile. Results indicate that SBL is
dominant at nighttime, whilst CBL dominates at daytime. Under all and SBL
classifications, PBLH retrieved by RM is typically higher than those
retrieved using the other methods. On the contrary, the PBLH result retrieved by
PM is the lowest. Under CBL and NBL classifications, PBLH retrieved by PM is
the highest. PBLH retrieved by GMθ and GMRH is relatively
low under all classifications. Moreover, the uncertainty analysis shows that
the consistency of PBLH retrieved by different algorithms is more than
80 % under CBL and NBL classifications. By contrast, the consistency of
PBLH is less than 60 % under SBL classification. The average profiles and
standard deviations of wind speed and potential temperature under consistent
and inconsistent conditions are also investigated. The results indicate that
consistent cases are typically accompanied by evident atmospheric
stratification, such as a large gradient in the potential temperature
profile or a low-level jet in the wind speed profile. These results indicate
that the reliability of the PBLH results retrieved from RS data is affected
by the structure of the boundary layer. Overall, GMθ and RM are
appropriate for CBL condition. GMθ and PM are recommended for NBL
condition. GMθ and GMRH are robust for SBL condition. This
comprehensive comparison provides a reference for selecting the appropriate
algorithm when retrieving PBLH from RS data.
Intact polar lipids in the hadal seabed of the Atacama Trench point to lateral sediment transport and in situ production as key sources of labile organic matter
Authors: Flores Edgart , Cantarero Sebastian I. , Ruiz-Fernández Paula , Dildar Nadia , Zabel Matthias , Ulloa Osvaldo , Sepúlveda Julio
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Elevated concentrations of organic matter are found in sediments of hadal trenches relative to those found in the abyssal seabed, but the origin of such biological material remains elusive. Here, we report the composition and distribution of cell membrane intact polar lipids (IPLs) in surface sediments around the deepest points of the Atacama Trench and adjacent bathyal depths to assess and constrain the sources of labile organic matter in the hadal seabed. Multiscale bootstrap resampling of IPLs’ structural diversity and abundance indicates distinct lipid signatures in the sediments of the Atacama Trench that are more closely related to those found in bathyal sediments than to those previously reported for the upper ocean water column in the region. While the overall number of unique IPL structures in hadal sediments is limited and they contribute a small fraction of the total IPL pool, they include a high contribution of phospholipids with mono- and di-unsaturated fatty acids that are not associated with photoautotrophic sources. The diversity of labile IPLs in hadal sediments of the Atacama Trench suggests the presence of in situ microbial production and biomass that resembles traits of physiological adaptation to high pressure and low temperature, and/or the transport of labile organic matter from shallower sediment. We argue that the export of the most labile lipid component of the organic matter pool from the euphotic zone and the overlying oxygen minimum zone into the hadal sediments is neglectable. Our results contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms that control the delivery of labile organic matter to this extreme deep-sea ecosystem, whereas they provide insights into some potential physiological adaptation of the in situ microbial community to high pressure and low temperature through lipid remodeling.
Holocene climate and oceanography of the coastal Western United States and California Current System
Authors: Palmer Hannah M. , Vriesman Veronica Padilla , Livsey Caitlin M. , Fish Carina R. , Hill Tessa M.
Published: September 2021

Abstract. To understand and contextualize modern climate change, we must improve our understanding of climatic and oceanographic changes in the Holocene (11.75 ka–present). Climate records of the Holocene can be utilized as a “baseline” from which to compare modern climate and can also provide insights into how environments and ecosystems experience and recover from environmental change. However, individual studies on Holocene climate in the literature tend to focus on a distinct geographic location, a specific proxy record, or a certain aspect of climate (e.g., upwelling or precipitation), resulting in localized, record-specific trends rather than a comprehensive view of climate variability through the Holocene. Here we synthesize the major oceanographic and terrestrial changes that have occurred in the Western United States (bounded by 30° N to 52° N and 115° W to 130° W) through the most recent 11.75 ka and explore the impacts of these changes on marine and terrestrial ecosystems and human populations. This three-tiered systematic review combines interpretations from over 100 published studies, codes and geospatially analyzes temperature, hydroclimate, and fire history from over 50 published studies, and interprets nine representative time series through the Holocene. We find that the early Holocene is characterized by warming relative to pre-Holocene conditions, including warm sea surface conditions, a warm and dry Pacific Northwest, a warm and wet Southwest, and overall spatial and temporal stability. In the mid Holocene, these patterns reverse; this interval is characterized by cool sea surface temperatures, a cool and wet Pacific Northwest and warm and dry Southwest. The late Holocene is the most variable interval, both spatially and temporally, and a novel spatial trend appears in terrestrial climate with warmer coastal areas and cooler inland areas. Human communities interacted with the environment throughout the entire Holocene, as evidenced in archeological and paleoenvironmental records, yet the recent era of colonization (1850–present) represents an unprecedented environmental interval in many records. Overall, our analysis shows linkages between terrestrial and oceanographic conditions, distinct environmental phases through time, and emphasizes the importance of local factors in controlling climate through the dynamic Holocene.