bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reductions in serum IgE levels with methotrexate and azathioprine treatment in patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Wang Soo-Ray , Ku Min-Sho , Wang Yu-Hsun , Chen Shan-Ming , Lee Kun-Lin , Leong Pui-Ying , You Liang-Tian
Published: September 2022

Background: Moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) is
difficult to treat. There are rare reports on the treatment of moderate
to severe AD by lowering serum IgE with a combination of methotrexate
(MTX) and azathioprine (AZA) and hence improving symptoms.
Objective: This study aimed to improve AD symptoms by lowering
serum IgE with a combination therapy of MTX and AZA. Design:
Retrospective cohort study of patients treated during 2013 and 2019.
Setting: Patients recruited from a tertiary care university
hospital in Taiwan. Participants: Sixty-five (case group) and
36 (control group) patients with moderate to severe AD, aged between 10
and 77 years. Measurements: Patients in the case group received
a combination of MTX (15 mg weekly) and AZA (150 mg daily) for 1 to 5
years. Patients in the control group received any therapies other than
this combination. Serum total IgE levels were checked periodically in
both groups. Results: Serum total IgE was markedly reduced in
the case group. For example, the cumulative success rates of a 50% IgE
reduction in the case group in year 1 and year 5 were 69.2% and 98.5%,
respectively, compared to 10.0% and 18.2% in the control group (hazard
ratio 14.8; p < 0.001). At the end of year 4, the cumulative
success rate of IgE reduction to below the normal range was 41.1% in
the case group and 3.4% in the control group (hazard ratio 6.71; p =
0.033). Regarding adverse events, the rates of abnormal white blood cell
counts, hemoglobin, platelet counts, and alanine aminotransferase were
not increased in the case group compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Combination therapy with MTX and AZA was effective
in treating patients with intractable AD by reducing their serum total
IgE levels.
Multicarrier waveforms classification with deep neural networks
Authors: Deng Zhe , Lei Jing , Wan Zehan , Dong Yuliang
Published: September 2022

Automatic modulation classification (AMC) plays an important role in
various applications such as cognitive radio and dynamic spectrum
access. Many research works have been exploring deep learning (DL) based
AMC, but they primarily focus on single-carrier signals. With the advent
of various multicarrier waveforms, the authors propose to revisit
DL-based AMC to consider the diversity and complexity of these novel
transmission waveforms in this letter. Specifically, the authors develop
a novel representation of multicarrier signals and use suitable networks
for classification. In addition, to cope with non-target signals,
support vector data description (SVDD) is applied with the activations
of the networks’ hidden layer. Experimental results demonstrate the
effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Respect or resect in Barlow disease.
Authors: Dreyfus Gilles , Dulguerov Filip
Published: September 2022

Mitral regurgitation in Barlow disease may still be challenging to be
repaired . Most often it involves the posterior leaflet . Many
techniques and concepts are currently available ; the main goal being to
restore a good surface of coaptation . Basic principles such a thorough
analysis is still required whatever the approach to assess excess tissue
height , width and prolapse . Nowadays it seems that two different ways
of treating mitral prolapse coexist : the non resection one and the
resection one .Both will be discussed and analysed . Similarly the use
of artificial chordae seem to have a preponderant role to support the
free edge and correct a prolapse . Native secondary chord transfer are
easy and reliable but seem abandoned by many . Anterior leaflet prolapse
is also dealt with and fewer options are available to address this
leaflet . Then commissural prolapse is mentioned . It is an important
area of the valve which should deserve better treatment than
commissuroplasty . Finally a special entity will be described ; mitro
annular disjonction . The approach is not or no longer an issue as only
good long term results are important in an era where per cutaneous
therapy is the only non invasive technique .
Editorial
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: September 2022

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Significance of pretransplant and de novo anti-HLA antibody detection after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation
Authors: Dmitriev I. V. , Borovkova N. V. , Shchelykalina S. P. , Doronina N. V. , Zhuravel N. S. , Pinchuk A. V.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Nowadays, there are few studies concerning assessment of the clinical significance of determining the level of pretransplant and de novo anti-HLA antibodies in patients after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation.Aim. The study of the incidence, timing of formation and specificity of pretransplant and de novo anti-HLA antibodies in patients after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation.Material and methods. We conducted a prospective and retrospective research to study the incidence, timing of formation and specificity of pretransplant and de novo anti-HLA antibodies in 55 patients after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation performed at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine from 2008 to 2022.Results. There were 4 patients with preformed anti-HLA antibodies (7%). The formation of de novo anti-HLA antibodies after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation was observed in 17 patients (31%). There were 5 patients with antiHLA class I, 3 patients with anti-HLA class II, 3 patients with anti-HLA class I and II, 5 patients with anti-MICA and 1 patient with both classes of anti-HLA and anti-MICA. The formation of de novo anti-HLA antibodies significantly increased the incidence of acute rejection (47% compared with 13%, p=0.014).Conclusion. The frequency of pretransplant and de novo anti-HLA antibody detection in the recipients at our Center is comparable to published data from other transplant centers. We obtained evidence that the formation of de novo antiHLA antibodies increases the incidence of acute rejection after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation.
The role of calcineurin inhibitors in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation
Authors: Olisov O. D. , Novruzbekov M. S. , Gulyaev V. A. , Lutsyk K. N.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Orthotopic liver transplantation is the most radical method of treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. The high recurrence rate limits the use of transplantation in patients with hepatocellular cancer. Immunosuppressive therapy may affect the frequency of oncoprogression after liver transplantationAim. To evaluate the role of immunosuppressive therapy in the postoperative progression of hepatocellular cancer in patients after liver transplantationMaterial and methods. The recurrence rate of hepatocellular cancer and tumor free survival in 104 patients after liver transplantation were analyzed. To evaluate the effect of the immunosuppression main component concentration on the postoperative progression of hepatocellular carcinoma, we studied the mean baseline concentration (C0) for the entire follow-up period for patients with a tumor-free period and the mean baseline concentration for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma progression, in whom only the duration of the tumor-free period was studied. According to the degree of tumor lesion, patients were distributed in accordance with the Milan criteria (based on the results of a pathologic and morphological examination of the recipient's explanted liver.Results. The values of the baseline blood level of tacrolimus>6.0 ng/ml and cyclosporine A>100 ng/ml is associated with a high rate of progression of hepatocellular cancer. Reducing the load of calcineurin inhibitors can reduce the incidence of cancer progression by at least 2 times. The values of 1-, 3- and 5-year relapse-free survival in patients with advanced cancer and low figures of the baseline blood level of calcineurin inhibitor are 82%, 70% and 70%, respectively.Conclusion. Minimization of immunosuppression is of crucial importance in the prevention of posttransplant progression of hepatocellular cancer, especially among patients with its common form.
The place of glucosylated enteral solution in the correction of hemorheological abnormalities in acute poisoning by psychopharmacological drugs
Authors: Potskhveriya M. M. , Ilyashenko K. K. , Belova M. V. , Simonova A. Yu. , Bitkova E. E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. In acute exogenous poisoning, hemorheological abnormalities are observed. Various extracorporeal, physico-chemical methods are used to correct them. There is an opinion that the enteral route of administration of corrective agents may be a more physiological way to restore homeostatic imbalances.Aim. To conduct a comparative assessment of the effect of glucosylated enteral solution and standard infusion therapy on hemorheological abnormalities in acute poisoning by psychopharmacological drugs.Material and methods. Patients with acute poisoning by psychopharmacological drugs who were treated at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine in 2017–2021 were examined. Of these, 23 people, in whose treatment the enteral correction program was used, made up the study group, and 22 patients (the comparison group) underwent a standard set of therapeutic measures. Indicators of hemorheological status were examined on the 1st, 3rd and 5th days against the background of ongoing therapy. Statistical data analysis was carried out using the Statistica 10 software package (StatSoft, Inc., USA).Results. The use of a glucosylated enteral solution led to a reduction in plasma viscosity under normal hematocrit conditions at all follow-up periods. In patients of both groups, there was a decrease in blood viscoelasticity under conditions of high shear potential at all stages of the study, which indicates impaired red blood cell deformability. This process was more pronounced in individuals of the comparison group. The conducted studies have shown that the use of infusion therapy and glucosylated enteral solution in the early stages of acute poisoning by psychopharmacological drugs generally has a unidirectional positive effect on hemorheological indicators, contributing to the stabilization of blood circulation. At the same time, the effect of glucosylated enteral solution therapy is faster and more pronounced.Conclusions. The use of glucosylated enteral solution and infusion therapy as a supportive treatment in the early period of acute poisoning by psychopharmacological drugs in most cases has a unidirectional effect on hemorheological parameters. In cases of glucosylated enteral solution therapy, there was an outrunning positive dynamics on the part of the majority of the studied hemorheological parameters. Glucosylated enteral solution can be the method of choice as a maintenance therapy after the end of detoxification process for acute poisoning by psychopharmacological drugs.
Selection of an optimal cryoprotectant for long-term storage of human tendon allografts
Authors: Budaev A. A. , Borovkova N. V. , Fayn A. M. , Makarov M. S. , Storozheva M. V. , Andreev Yu. V. , Mironov A. S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Tendon grafts are widely demanded in reconstructive plastic surgery. Allogeneic tendons potentially have a number of advantages. However, the method of long-term storage of allogeneic tendons has not been optimized to date.Aim. Selection of an optimal cryoprotectant for the storage of human tendon allografts at ultra-low temperatures, which allows preserving the native tissue structure.Material and methods. We studied M. tibialis anterior tendon grafts taken from tissue donors. Endocellular/penetrating cryoprotectants (dimethyl sulfoxide, polyethylene glycol-400, glycerol) and exocellular/non-penetrating cryoprotectants (glucose solution, albumin solution) were used in the cryopreservation process. Tendon mechanical properties were evaluated using rupture and stretching-shear test, the general morphology of tendons, topography, dense and integrity of collagen fibers, preservation of cellular elements were microscopically evaluated.Results. Histological analysis showed that the safety of collagen and elastin fibers differed depending on the cryoprotectant used. At the same time, micro-fractures of collagen fibers were microscopically detected in all the experiments. In the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide, polyethylene glycol-400 and their combination the structure of collagen fibers and cells did not undergo visible changes compared to the control, whereas in all the experiments with non-penetrating cryoprotectants the topography and orientation of the fibers were clearly disturbed, deformation of many cells in the tendons was also observed.Conclusions. Cryoprotectants based on dimethyl sulfoxide, polyethylene glycol and their combinations allowed us to preserve the structural integrity of allogeneic tendons. Non-penetrating cryoprotectants did not effectively preserve the integrity of collagen fibers and cells in the tendons and cannot be recommended for cryopreservation.
Elimination of factors contributing to the development of colo-esophageal anastomotic dehiscence following retrosternal colonic esophagoplasty performed for esophageal atresia correction
Authors: Kivva A. N. , Chepurnoy M. G. , Belik B. M. , Tyshlek Yu. V. , Shtilman M. Yu. , Kivva A. A. , Chumburidze I. R.
Published: September 2022

Aim. Development of methodology that would allow surgeons to decrease the risk of colo-esophageal anastomotic dehiscence following esophagoplasty through prevention of colonic transplant compression in the retrosternal tunnel and surgery facilitation.Material and methods. Ultrasound examination was carried out on 43 infants (22 boys and 21 girls) without sternal pathologies. The dorsal sternal angle and thickness of the upper and lower parts of the sternal manubrium were evaluated. The prominence and structure of muscular arrangement in various parts of the dorsal side of the sternal manubrium were examined in 15 infant patients. The results of treatment based on the method developed in accordance with the RF invention patent No. 2552095 were analyzed for infant patients (8 boys and 7 girls) suffering from esophageal atresia. 9 patients had fenestration of the sternal manubrium performed across its entire length, 6 children – in its upper segment only. X-ray control was used to detect colonic transplant compression. Significant difference between the variables in question in the examined groups was evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test (M-W) for data measured on an ordinal scale.Results. The upper part of the sternal manubrium (above the attachment of the first rib) was found to exert the highest pressure on the transplant as it is statistically significantly thicker (M-W=4.44; p<0.01), being covered with a more prominent muscular layer (M-W=6.71; p<0.001) over a larger area (M-W=4.42; p<0.01) and considerably reclined. In infant age, the dorsal sternal angle is 164.9±0.8 degrees. Its value was consistently (M-W=2.66; p<0.01) higher in the girls' group with significant individual variations. Based on the collected data, an original technique was developed for individual approach to the resection of the manubrium sterni applied during retrosternal colonic esophagoplasty in 15 patients with esophageal atresia. No signs of colo-esophageal anastomotic dehiscence or transplant compression were revealed in any of those cases.Conclusion. The suggested method allows surgeons to assess in every case the narrowness of retrosternal space and individually select the scope of sternal manubrium resection to eliminate important factors contributing to the development of colo-esophageal anastomotic dehiscence after retrosternal esophagoplasty in cases of esophageal atresia thus facilitating the surgery and preventing transplant compression in the retrosternal tunnel.
Burdened urological history as a risk factor in kidney transplantation for older age group recipients
Authors: Khubutiya B. Z. , Khubutiya M. S. , Evseev A. K. , Babkina A. V.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Chronic renal failure develops more often in elderly patients after previous repeated urological operations. Urological diseases are an important additional factor that multiply complicates kidney transplantation due to the need for preliminary correction of existing disorders. Not to mention the fact that the recipient's advanced age contributes to the risk of developing graft dysfunction due to the presence of concomitant diseases that worsen the immediate and long-term results of transplantation.Material and methods. We carried out the analysis of clinical observations and studies performed in 124 patients who underwent cadaveric renal allotransplantation at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, including from suboptimal donors. Of these, 69 (55.6%) recipients older than 60 years were included in the main group (group 1), and 55 recipients younger than 60 years (44.4%) – in the comparison group (group 2). From the patients of group 1, patients with urological diseases that led to the development of terminal chronic renal failure, or with previously undergone surgeries for urological diseases (subgroup 1A, 43 patients) were isolated. The remaining 26 patients who did not have urological diseases were put in subgroup 1B.Results. The analysis showed that in the early postoperative period in the recipients of group 1, complications developed in almost all the patients (80 complications in 64 of 69 patients, that is, 92.8% of patients in this group), whereas in group 2, complications developed only in 30.9% of patients (27 complications in 17 of 55 patients). At the same time, on average, 1.2 complications per 1 patient were noted in group 1, and 0.5 complications per 1 patient in group 2, a significant part of the complications occurred in the subgroup of patients with a burdened urological history (subgroup 1A). Late complications also developed statistically significantly more often (almost 2 times) in recipients with a burdened urological history.Conclusions. Complications of the early and late postoperative period develop statistically significantly more often in elderly recipients. The presence of a burdened urological history in elderly recipients significantly increases the risk of early and late postoperative complications.
Available methods to enhance regenerative potential of plastic materials for bone defects replacement in orthopedics. Part 3. Use of autologous human red bone marrow
Authors: Fain A. M. , Vaza A. Yu. , Gnetetskiy S. F. , Skuratovskaya K. I. , Bondarev V. B. , Bogolyubskiy Yu. A. , Titov R. S. , Sergeev A. Yu.
Published: September 2022

The previous two articles described the use of platelet-rich plasma and platelet lysate. This part of the literature review examines the mechanism of red bone marrow action, indications and contraindications for its use. The results of treatment for delayed consolidation of bone fractures are also described. Hematopoietic stem cells give rise to all cellular components of the circulating blood, such as red blood cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and platelets. The most rational way to stimulate bone regeneration is to use the patient's own biological material. The aim of this article is to summarize the results of treatment using autologus bone marrow to improve bone regenerative potential in orthopaedics.
Easy to say, hard to do. To the anniversary of two fundamental discoveries. Part 1
Authors: Anisimov A. Yu.
Published: September 2022

On the eve of the anniversaries of two historical events: the 145th anniversary of the experiments in which Eck's fistula was performed and the 55th anniversary of the successful clinical approbation of the selective distal splenorenal anastomosis, a retrospective analysis of the key historical stages in the development of portal hypertension surgery from the first attempts to describe the anatomy of the hepatic vascular system, explaining its purpose in the body, the development of direct portocaval anastomosis, the widespread use of selective splenorenal anastomoses, to the Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt procedure and orthotopic liver transplantation. At the same time, the emphasis is focused on the most colorful characters of researchers and clinicians who passed this path. The expediency of an integrated approach in solving the problems of portal hypertension with the development of both fundamental and applied clinical and organizational aspects is substantiated. It is shown that the discoveries born from the generalization of the results achieved by numerous researchers have contributed to a better understanding of this field of medicine, have become a solid foundation for what we have today and are a reliable platform for a successful start into the future.
PHENOMENON OF DEMIKHOV. Heart transplantation in experiment and clinical cases in the USSR and abroad (1968–1972). The Second in the USSR heart transplantation in a Clinic (Solovyev G.M., June 10, 1971)
Authors: Glyantsev S. P. , Shabunts Yu. A. , Chernenko M. I.
Published: September 2022

The article presents materials of Soviet and foreign medical literature of 1968–1972 devoted to heart transplantation in experiment and clinical practice. It is shown that in the USSR after unsuccessful heart transplantation performed by A.A. Vishnevsky on November 4, 1968, experimental studies on isolated heart preservation in order to preserve its viability were conducted; models of orthotopic and heterotopic heart transplantation on large and small animals were created; morphological, physiological, biochemical and immunological changes in the transplanted heart were studied. The second heart transplantation in this country was performed by G.M. Solovyev on June 10, 1971, but it was also unsuccessful. It’s remarkable that the 20-year experience of V.P. Demikhov in experimental heart transplantation was used only partially: a number of surgeons applied the cardiopulmonary complex isolated according to V.P. Demikhov's technique for biological heart preservation in experimental animals. At the same time after the successful heart transplantation performed by C. Barnard on December 3, 1967, the world boom of clinical transplantation began. In 1969, 101 such operations were performed. For example, D. Cooley performed them on 21 patients and on another one performed two surgeries. There were observations that patients operated on in 1968 lived 800–900 days or more. The best results were shown by R. Lower, M. DeBakey and N. Shumway. However, the vast majority of heart transplants resulted in lethal outcomes in the immediate or distant postoperative period. This led to the fact that the euphoria of successful transplants gradually began to diminish: in 1969 only 47 operations were performed, and in 1970–1971 only 17 surgeries per year.
Rules For Authors
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: September 2022

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Особенности медиапотребления студентов и риски распространения в социальных сетях экстремистских идей
Authors: Сиврикова Надежда. В. , Иванов Федор А.
Published: September 2022

Статья раскрывает актуальную проблему распространения экстремистских идей среди молодежи через социальные сети. Во Введении показана социальная значимость проблемы профилактики распространения экстремизма. Оцениваются психологические особенности молодежи как группы риска. Новизна исследования состоит в обзоре исследований особенностей медиапотребления студентов. В разделе «Методы» приводится схема эмпирического исследования. Для сбора эмпирических данных использовался онлайн опрос, в котором приняли участие 1950 студентов. Для математической обработки результатов исследования использовались: факторный и корреляционный анализы, а также D-критерий Сомерса. В разделе «Результаты» представлены результаты изучения таких особенностей медиапотребления как: популярность различных социальных сетей среди молодежи, уровень критичности восприятия информации, степень доверия к разным источникам информации; способы проверки подозрительной информации. В ходе исследования было установлено, что самой популярной среди студентов является социальная сеть ВКонтакте, а самыми непопулярными - Facebook и Твиттер. Студенты не склонны доверять медиаинформации. В качестве ресурсов для проверки подозрительной информации они чаще всего называют интернет-сообщества. Больше всего студенты доверяют своему опыту и семье. Меньше всего они доверяют СМИ и учителям. В разделе «Обсуждение результатов» полученные данные сопоставляются с результатами других исследований и формулируется вывод о том, что социальные сети являются фактором распространения радикальных идей. Кроме того, на уровень распространения экстремистских идей оказывают влияние критичность в отношении получаемой информации и уровень доверия к различным источникам информации. В Заключении обобщены выводы по результатам исследования. Полученные данные представляют интерес для широкого круга специалистов: педагогов, психологов, социологов и т.д. Они могут использоваться при разработке профилактических и коррекционных программ.
Актуализация содержательного контента программ подготовки педагогов
Authors: Абраухова Валентина В. , Помахина Лариса И.
Published: September 2022

Настоящая статья посвящена исследованиям в области актуализации содержательного контента программ подготовки педагогов. Новизна исследования заключается в том, что впервые в одном исследовании рассматриваются различные составляющие цифровизации учебного процесса, как наиболее востребованные в педагогическом сообществе: педагогический дизайн, большие данные (Big Data), технологии индивидуализации обучения. Во Введении автором представлен обзор актуальной ситуации в сфере образования. В разделе «Методы» приводится основной методический инструментарий исследования: социологический опрос и методы математической статистики. В разделе «Результаты» представлен новый подход к подготовительной работе по изучению исходных знаний и данных для освоения передовых цифровых и сквозных технологий с целью введения их в контент учебно-методических комплексов и программ, которые необходимо актуализировать в первую очередь. Новейшие малоизученные сервисы и инструменты цифровых и сквозных технологий наделены многогранными дидактическими ресурсами и потенциалом, поэтому важно своевременное актуализирование методических и учебных пособий с целью повышения педагогической результативности. В Обсуждении результатов исследования раскрывается необходимость скорейшего ознакомления педагогов со стремительно растущими технологическими инновациями в области педагогического дизайна, возможностей больших данных, индивидуализации обучения. В настоящее время, как показывает данное исследование, серьезной проблемой, препятствующей и тормозящей цифровизацию образования, является излишняя приверженность традиционным технологиям. Упускается, что новейшие цифровые и сквозные технологии делают доступными для понимания многих предметных и межпредметных знаний поколением обучающихся, с раннего детства знакомых с гаджетами и «рожденных с цифрой», открывают многочисленные новые образовательные возможности и подходы. В Заключении раскрыта необходимость частых диагностик, проведения опросов педагогов для своевременного обновления и наполнения актуальными темами, пособиями, инструментами, которые позволят сделать процесс обучения эффективным и приблизят процесс обучения к индивидуализированному, персональному обучению.
Myoepithelioma of Minor Salivary Gland: A Case Report
Authors: Barbosa António , Rodrigues Álvaro , Corrales Teresa , Viegas Sónia
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The myoepithelioma is a rare form of salivary glands tumors. The conservative surgery is the treatment of choice.

Case Report: 49 years old male with a submucosa mass of the inferior lip with over 20 years of evolution without progressive growth, bleeding or pain. The patient had no risk factors except history of smoking (34 pack-years). At physical examination the patient presented a consistent submucosa mass of the inferior lip at the right, mobile, painless and without visual signs of abnormal mucosa over the mass. An excisional biopsy was performed and the piece had a reniform shape and rubberish consistency with 30 x16 mm dimension. The histology exam revealed a myoepithelioma of minor salivary gland.

Discussion: Tumors with an exclusive constitution of myoepithelial cells are rare. The majority is located at parotid gland.

Conclusion: Myoepithelioma of minor salivary glands are rare and the number of reported cases is limited. The differential diagnosis with pleomorphic adenoma is important.
Testing Dutch disease syndrome via foreign direct investment: A case for Mauritius
Authors:   University of Mauritius, Mauritus, Cotobaly B R B , Seetanah B ,   University of Mauritius, Mauritus, Ramdhany N Gopy ,   University of Mauritius, Mauritus, Babajee R Bhattu- ,   University of Mauritius, Mauritus
Published: September 2022

The primary linkage of Dutch Disease is based on large influx FDI leading to the appreciation of the real effective exchange rate, together affecting a country’s export competitiveness. The existence of a Dutch Disease syndrome is tested in the Mauritian economy by using annual time series data sourced from official foundations from 1980 to 2019. We captured the Dutch Disease syndrome through 2 main effects namely through i) the REER appreciation due to FDI and ii) a decline in export’s competitiveness. After investigation, using a Vector Error Correction Model, it is observed that Mauritius has not experienced such a disease with respect to the arrival of FDI because the government and local firms were successful in implementing right and stable policies.
Restricted benefits of globalization
Authors:   Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, India, Kumar Arya Rakesh , Sharma Urvashi ,   Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, India
Published: September 2022

Globalization word sounds as if each country is a part of the global village. The countries are forced to integrate with the global economy once they have given up command economy. The market-led-led economy has to be globalized to take advantage of the free movement of factors of production, technology, patents, design etc. The closed economies could not succeed in overcoming backwardness. Therefore, what was conceived in Bretton Wood slowly continued to gain acknowledgment. Finally, even though each country wanted to be communist at one stage, they saw better progress in globalization After remaining beyond the realm of, the countries had to fall in line. Globalization placed a condition that there will be excessive use of capital and labor if the two-way flow of goods and money happens. This is the reason that China grew up at the strength of work. But getting productivity from labor is not an easy task. In case it fails to deliver the output, the country's progress remains underachieved. Poverty and unemployment are still serious issues in India because labor could not be treated fairly. Therefore, advanced countries continue to enjoy the capital eco system in which education is also capitalized.
The likely adoption of the IFRS Foundation's proposed sustainability reporting standards
Authors:   College of Accounting, University of Cape Town, South Africa, Petersen Achmad , Herbert Shelly ,   College of Accounting, University of Cape Town, South Africa, Daniels Nabeelah ,   College of Accounting, University of Cape Town, South Africa
Published: September 2022

There has been a rising demand for the global convergence of sustainability reporting standards (SRS) to provide consistency and comparability. The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Foundation has stepped forward, formed the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) and proposes to develop a global set of SRS. These standards will focus on the financial impacts of sustainability issues and are targeted towards the investor. However, this approach does not align with the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), the most commonly used sustainability reporting framework globally, which adopts a multistakeholder focus. This study aims to analyse the SRS currently being used by the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) Top 100 companies, the respective focus of these standards, and suggest whether these companies are likely to adopt the ISSB standards over the frameworks currently being used. A content analysis approach is adopted. The reports and websites of these companies are examined to identify the sustainability reporting guidelines and frameworks currently being used and whether these companies submit disclosures to reporting bodies. The results show that regardless of whether the ISSB standards are adopted, companies are likely to continue using the current frameworks to report beyond the financial impact of sustainability issues.
Annexation stability and financial implications
Authors:   Azusa Pacific University, USA, Khederlarian Kristina
Published: September 2022

Throughout the course of history, annexation has littered the international scene as major powers exert their force in the takeover of smaller lands. Sometimes these takeovers are violent, and others are not, but what we undoubtably see is that annexation will be successful if economic indicators rise, post-acquisition. For the purposes of this study, we will define success as the substantial decrease of violence six months after the takeover. We will focus our attention to three prominent cases of annexation by major powers: Crimea, Kashmir and Hong Kong. We will briefly examine what our study suggests for Ukraine and Taiwan. Our first aim will be to arrive at a developed scenario analysis that identifies actions taken by governments to harmonize territorial integrity. The second aim is to identify the consequences of annexation from a financial pers. Results of this study suggest that financial conditions within the contested areas are an indicator of political stability and successful annexation. Regardless of external pressure from the international community, successful annexation can be achieved. Findings indicate that as overall GDPPC rises and property values rise, the contested area has support from local constituencies for annexation by the major power.
The effects of the digital age on privacy in the United States
Authors:   Purdue University, USA, Rachur Achyuth , Putman Jonathan ,   Purdue University, USA, Fisher Clifford ,   Purdue University, USA
Published: September 2022

Over the course of the last 3 decades, the world has seen monumental shifts in how information is collected, transmitted, and disseminated. Every aspect of our personalities that live on the internet, including our browser history, photos we post to social media, our shopping decisions, and our selection of online friends, has been collated, quantified, and assimilated into a digital profile, which has skyrocketing value to an increasing number of businesses. With these developments in technology come the inevitable questions of ownership of such data, its use, misuse, and even possible theft. This paper takes a comprehensive and comparative look at the data privacy legislature in the two largest data hubs in the world, namely the United States and the European Union. The paper also seeks to address the shortcomings of certain, past legislative decisions, and makes a recommendation for the future. To do this, we analyze the events of the past, using the 2016 Facebook/Cambridge Analytica data scandal as a focal point.
Skill and vocational educational in the socio-economic development of rural youth in India: An empirical Study
Authors:   Management Development Institute Gurgaon, India, Gaur Vidhu
Published: September 2022

VET (Vocational Education and Training) is an essential part of the country's educational strategy. Both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies were used in this study. The present paper is a small attempt to describe and see the overall skill and vocational education system and its impact on rural youth in India using Quantitative as well as Qualitative Research techniques. A descriptive study approach was used to assess the thought process, degree of awareness, and perception of skill-based training among a chosen population. Because education is widely regarded as the most effective weapon for development, our government is attempting to educate almost all individuals, particularly those in rural regions, via a vast vocational Education initiative. The concept is that via education, unskilled employees will become skilled, peasants will be taught in new crops and will be able to adopt new agricultural practises and educated people will develop strategies for self-employment after learning new methods and skills.
Remittances flow to India and its impact on growth over three decades since 1991
Authors:   Department of Economics, School of Professional Studies, Netaji Subhas Open University, India, Karmakar Asim K. , Majumder Subhajit ,   Department of Economics, University of Gour Banga, India, Ray Subrata Kumar ,   Prabhu Jagatbandhu College, Howrah, University of Calcutta, India
Published: September 2022

In many developing countries, remittance payments from migrant workers are observed as an increasing magnitude and becoming a significant source of foreign reserve earnings. Remittances inflow is noted to be very useful in promoting household welfare, health, and education particularly in developing countries. Inflows of remittances to India have experienced a sharp rise in last three dictates. Remittances have also emerged as a more important and stable source of foreign exchange inflow compared to official development assistance, foreign direct investment or other types of capital flows in particular in developing countries.Among countries today, the top recipient countries are India with $79 billion, followed by China ($67 billion), Mexico ($36 billion), the Philippines ($34 billion), and Egypt ($29 billion) (World Bank 2019).Available evidences indicate that migrant labour flows from India since 1990s have not only registered impressive growth, in respect of the traditional destinations like United States of America (USA), United Kingdom (UK), Canada and the Gulf countries but also have diversified and expanded to newly emerging migrant destinations in continental Europe (Germany, France, Belgium), Australasia (Australia, New Zealand), East Asia (Japan) and South-East Asia (Singapore, Malaysia).In this study we have concentrated on the long-run relationship between remittances inflow and the economic growth of India considering annual data over the period 1975-2016,In this purpose we have used VAR (The vector auto regression) model for estimating the significance relationship and the direction of the relationship.
Absolute globalization: The way to confront the global challenges
Authors:   Dept. of International Business, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia, Hossain Md. Nazmul , Hossain Barek ,   International Journalism Department, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia, Alam Raju Mohammad Kamrul ,   Department of National Economy, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2022

The world is currently confronted with multidimensional challenges which are cause of concern for the earth’s all living creations. The most remarkable challenges are global warming and global climate changes, tremendous poverty, environment pollution, warfare, antibiotic resistance, migration problems, and the spread of contagious and deadly diseases etc. The adverse effects of these are very devastating. They will affect hydrology and biology of earth, everything including economy, eco-system, and the substances. The challenging factors are interconnected, and acceleration and minimization are interlinked. The study is to analysis the challenges the world is currently confronting with and their potential impacts, the reasons behind the challenges and the potential way to overcome the challenges. The study is based on secondary sources of data and information including scientific and academic journals, articles, research papers, books, and other relevant sources to make a deep analysis, interpretation and re-interpretation and describe and explain the issue of this proposed study. The study recommends ‘Absolute Globalization,’ an integration of global economic, education, political, and social institutions where regionalism will be the cornerstone of the integration, as the way to confront the challenges.
Exploring the Effect of Business Strategy on Employees’ Retention During Pandemic and After Brexit: The case Home Care Sector in UK
Authors:   London South Bank University, UK, Crasii Olga , Nawar Yehia Sabri ,   London South Bank University, UK
Published: September 2022

This research is related to the care business in Great Britain. The research question, employees’ Retention in Care Business during COVID-19 and after Brexit, is very urgent and needs significant improving and finding a way to make it as high quality as it was before the pandemic and Brexit. The most vital problem the care companies are struggling with in this uncertain period – is inappropriate stuffing and people retention. This article highlights the ways how the government and care companies are managing staff retention during the Pandemic and Brexit. It also explains how the data was collected, its research philosophy, approach, strategy, and methods. There are so many factors that negatively impact these two areas and need to be resolved as soon as possible. To investigate this research problem, the interview was conducted among individual employees to explore their experiences of retention and working conditions during this challenging time. The expectations are that by distributing the ideas on good practice others can learn from the experiences and that the information can be used to shape future resources.
Impact of Brexit policy on textile/clothing and footwear UK imports
Authors:   School of Business, University of Leicester, UK, English Rachel A.
Published: September 2022

On 23 June 2016, the UK voted to leave the EU, (Brexit). A four year and six-month period of uncertainty ensued before Article 50 was activated. Eventually the UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) came into force on 1 May 2021. The UK retail sector, in particular the textile/clothing and footwear, relies on high levels of international importation to the UK. As the negotiations between the UK and the EU were undertaken, key elements featured in the development of the new Brexit policy. This paper examines the impact on the textile/clothing and footwear UK importation trade in relation to three of these key elements:- June 23, 2016, UK voted to leave the EU. 29 March 2017 Article 50 was triggered. October 2019 Article 50 extended. The data was modelled using the main five UK import partners in relation to textile/clothing and footwear from the WITS (World Integrated Trade Solution) database and the UK Office of National Statistics annual and monthly data sets, in relation to the three key elements of policy. The study provided an initial insight into the impact of policy decision making during the Brexit process. The findings show that Key elements of Brexit policy making had a negative impact on importation trade in relation to Textile/Clothing and Footwear. Further research is recommended to establish the long-term effects of Brexit policy on the UK retail economy as a whole, over the next five years. This to be extended to the export of textile/clothing and footwear from the UK to EU and Non-EU trading partners.
"Assessing the digital readiness of a company: An exploratory qualitative study "
Authors:   Global Engagement Manager, HCL Technologies, India, Jain Pallavi , Jain Neera ,   Management Development Institute, Gurgaon, India
Published: September 2022

Digital transformation integrates digital technology that helps companies transform and streamline day-to-day procedures. It creates an environment and culture that requires proactive participation throughout the organization. It allows companies to position themselves better and compete in a constantly evolving, everchanging market space and aids them in unlocking operational efficiency and enhancing productivity. The pandemic has pushed us towards a world where digital transformation is paramount. It has given many organizations a harsh wake-up call and has forced businesses to adopt a more agile and flexible path. Many organizations have automated their operations to better serve customers and protect employees. As a result, businesses must maintain their passion for advancing their digital skills to stay up with the new reality and gain a comprehensive grasp of the digital transformation area. The objective of this study was to conduct an exploratory qualitative study with 27 executives from different industries to understand why companies are moving towards digital transformation, the challenges faced by them, and what is the meaning of a digitally ready company. The grounded theory approach was used to derive themes, define parameters and create a digital maturity graph to classify organizations according to their digital readiness. The originality of the paper lies in that it contributes to theory as the Grant Thornton model is used to create the digital maturity index. The practical contribution is that by using this matrix, the organizations can create a roadmap to embark on their digital transformation journey.
Impact of gender accounting on risk management in treasury functions of Nigeria deposit money banks
Authors:   Department of Accounting, College of Management and Social Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Nigeria, Akinadewo Israel Seriki , Odewole Philip Olawale ,   Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Humanities, Social and Management Sciences, Elizade University,  Nigeria, Adebiyi Ifeoluwa Mary ,   Department of Accounting, College of Management and Social Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Nigeria.
Published: September 2022

Fraudulent practices in the banking sector, especially as it affects the functions of the treasury department has been a subject of intense concern to policymakers and other stakeholders. It is, however, believed that if more female bank staff are utilised, it could lead to a better management of risk. This study investigated the nexus between gender accounting and the dependent variable. Structured questionnaire was administered on 10 staff of each of the Nigerian Deposit Money Banks. The population, which also represents the sample size comprises of 10 banks purposively selected with only 39% responses received. Data were analysed with the aid of logit regression. The results showed a significant positive relationship between gender accounting and risk management in treasury functions (Adj. R2 =0.680, F-stat = 21.145, p<0.05). This implies that increase in the independent variable will reduce the risk associated with the treasury functions of banks in Nigeria with diverse results from the three proxies of independent variable. The descriptive results showed that more women in the treasury will minimise theft of funds. The study concluded the need for policymakers and regulatory authorities to establish the policy that will encourage more of women inclusion in the banking treasury department.
Have Indian Deep trade agreements achieved their Export potential- Implications for the future
Authors:   Management Development Institute Gurgaon, India, Kaushal Leena Ajit
Published: September 2022

The present study investigates the export potential of India’s deep & shallow trade agreements over the last two decades by employing stochastic frontier gravity model. The analysis investigates if the level of integration matters. The study further explores if the deep trade agreements supported Indian trade during pandemic times. The study finds that India’s deep trade agreements have achieved only 32 percent efficiency over the period of study and have not promoted exports, unlike the shallow trade agreements even during the pandemic.