bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analogical Reasoning in Mathematical Theorems
Authors: Hardiani Nur , Kristayulita Kristayulita
Published: June 2023

Analogical reasoning is one of the most powerful tools of mathematical thinking. For example, to prove a theorem it is necessary to see similarities with the previous theorem. This study aims to classify analogies in mathematics courses and examples. This classification is based on research results. The research was conducted use qualitative research. The research subjects are 12 lecturers who teach mathematics courses and study program managers. Analogical reasoning instruments are unstructured interview guidelines and observation sheets. Interview guides and observation sheets were made to be able to reveal mathematics analogical reasoning in the Mathematics Education Study Program course. The results of the research show that there are 3 types of analogy classifications in mathematics courses, namely definition analogy, theorem-defining analogy, and theorem analogy. First, the definition of similarity in the same or different courses. Second, the similarities between definitions and theorems in the same or different courses. Third, the theorem similarities in the same or different subjects. Our classification is related to theorems and analogical properties in several courses in the curriculum of the Mathematics Education Study Program. The analogy can be applied to certain mathematical topics related to real life. Meanwhile, to analyze other aspects of reasoning through analogy needs to be studied further.
The (Strong) Rainbow Connection Number of Join Of Ladder and Trivial Graph
Authors: Kartika Dinda , Febrian Didi , Surbakti Nurul Maulida
Published: June 2023

Let G = (V,E) be a nontrivial, finite, and connected graph. A function c from E to {1,2,...,k},k ∈ N, can be considered as a rainbow k-coloring if every two vertices x and y in G has an x- y path. Therefore, no two path's edges receive the same color; this condition is called a “rainbow path”. The smallest positive integer k, designated by rc(G), is the G rainbow connection number. Thus, G has a rainbow k-coloring. Meanwhile, the c function is considered as a strong rainbow k-coloring within the condition for every two vertices x and y in G have an x - y rainbow path whose length is the distance between x and y. The smallest positive integer k, such as G, has a strong rainbow k-coloring; such a condition is called a strong rainbow connection number of G, denoted by src(G). In this research, the rainbow connection number and strong rainbow connection number are determined from the graph resulting from the join operation between the ladder graph and the trivial graph, denoted by rc(L_n∨K_1) and src(L_n∨K_1) respectively. So, rc (L_n∨K_1 )= src (L_n∨K_1 )=2,"for" 3≤n≤4 and rc (L_n∨K_1 )=3, while src(L_n∨K_1 )=⌈n/2⌉,"for" n≥5.
Neuronal Dynamics: from Complexity to Simplicity
Authors: Afifurrahman Afifurrahman
Published: June 2023

An analytical study is performed to obtain the phase description of a network of Leaky Integrate-and-Fire (LIF) neurons. We start by discussing the behaviour of single LIF neuron in the presence of a constant current and then derive the corresponding phase oscillator model for some parameters setup. In the case of two identical LIF neurons where the interactions are ruled by the weak pulse input, we determine the analytical expression for the phase response curve. Next, we extend the phase reduction principles to a generic case of N networks of identical LIF neurons. The final model of so-called phase oscillators is widely used to study synchronization in many natural systems. Through numerical simulations, we find an agreement between the LIF neurons and the phase oscillators model.
Formation of Non-Perfect Maze Using Prim’s Algorithm
Authors: Ihsan Mahyus , Razi Fahrul , Maulidi Ikhsan , Apriliani Vina , Zahnur Zahnur
Published: June 2023

Maze is a place that has many paths with tortuous paths that are misleading and full of dead ends and can be viewed as a grid graph. A non-perfect maze is a maze that has a cycle. This research produces an algorithm that can form a non-perfect maze with a size of m×n which has two types of bias. The first bias is the composition of the percentage of horizontal and vertical partitions. The second bias is the percentage of the number of cycles. The algorithm created in this study was generated by modifying Prim’s algorithm and the use of Fisher-Yates algorithm which is used in random selection in Prim’s algorithm. The non-perfect maze algorithm begins with the calculation of the parameter values of the two types of bias and continues with forming a perfect maze and ends with forming a non-perfect maze. The algorithm that has been designed can form a non-perfect maze with a complexity of O(|E|^2), where E is the set of edges of an m×n grid graph. Flash-based application development is also carried out in order to implement algorithms to obtain a non-perfect maze. The non-perfect maze is produced in a two-dimensional visual form in the form of an image along with its corresponding grid graph. The application is capable of displaying up to the first 20 solutions of the biased maze.
Implementation of Logic and Set Textbook with Ethnomathematics Content Oriented towards Higher-Order Thinking Skills
Authors: Subarinah Sri , Junaidi Junaidi , Triutami Tabita Wahyu , Salsabila Nilza Humaira
Published: June 2023

Higher-order thinking skills are skills that are an important aspect of teaching and learning mathematics. Mathematics and culture have a very close relationship, so the development and application of mathematical concepts in the learning process must be based on situations of daily life or local culture. In 2021, Researchers have developed a textbook of Logic and Set containing ethnomathematics oriented toward higher-order thinking skills. The textbook meets the 'Very Good' category on the validity test after being assessed by five experts. This year, the research focuses on the implementation and evaluation of the textbook in Logic and Set courses. The purpose of this research was to describe the feasibility level of the textbook. ADDIE's design research was used in this development research. The trial subjects in this research were 140 students in the Department of Mathematics Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Mataram who were taking the Logic and Set courses in the 2021/2022 academic year. Data collection techniques in this research were practicality questionnaires and higher-order thinking skills tests. The results of the data analysis for the practicality assessment of the textbook showed an average score of 81.44, which met the practical classification. Then the average value of the students in the final value of the Logic and Set courses is 81.90. In addition, the percentage of students who achieved a score of 75 was 76% or 106 students. Therefore, it can be concluded that the textbook meets the effective criteria.
METODE PEMBELAJARAN TASK BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERBAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Ariyani Etika
Published: June 2023

Abstrak: Penguasaan keterampilan berbahasa inggris menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan berbahasa inggris siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) dengan menggunakan metode task based learning. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilaksanakan melalui dua siklus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan test lisan yang telah diuji validitasnya. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Teknik kualitaif dan kuantitatif. Metode ini merupakan metode pembelajaran yang memberikan tugas – tugas berjenjang sesuai kemampuan pembelajar dan difokuskan pada serangkaian latihan atau aktifitas pembelajaran yang bertujuan untuk tercapainya kemampuan yang lebih baik. Subyek penelitian terdiri atas 21 siswa, pengambilan data dilakukan dengan test berbicara langsung (oral test) dan menulis paragraph singkat pada catatan pribadi mereka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa task based learning dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berbahasa inggris siswa SMP kelas IX secara signifikan, Peningkatan tersebut terlihat pada skor rata – rata kompetensi siswa yang meningkat dari jumlah rata - rata siklus pertama 64,5 dengan kategori cukup dan jumlah rata – rata siklus dua 77,7 dengan kategori baik.students English skills at Junior High School Grade IX. through the use of task based learning method.The type of this research is Classroom Action Research which consisted of two cycles. Data collection techniques using observation and oral tests that have been tested for validity. Data analysis techniques using qualitative and quantitative.  This method is a learning method which giving tasks continuously based on students performance and focused on learning exercises or activities in order to reach better performance. There were 21 students from grade IX as subject of the study. The data were collected through oral test and writing students personal diary. The result showed that task based learning could improve the students English skills significantly. The improvement could seen from the average score of the first cycle 64,5 which was categorized as enough competency. Meanwhile, the average score of the second cycle was 77,7 which categorized into good competency.
PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH BERBASIS ZRA (ZOOM ROOM APLIKASI) ERA COVID-19 DI SEKOLAH MENANGAH PERTAMA NEGERI 2 LINGSAR
Authors: Sri Wahyuni Dian Eka Mayasari , Rosada Rosada , Antika Novi
Published: June 2023

Abstrak: Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri  2 Lingsar Kecamatan Lingsar, Kabupaten Lombok Barat merupakan lembaga pendidikan yang ikut menerapkan kegiatan pembelajaran online sebagai salah satu strategi yang tepat dalam mengaktifkan pembelajaran dikelas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui proses pembelajaran online dalam masa pandemic covid-19 pada siswa kelas VIII SMPN 2 Lingsar dan untuk mengetahui strategi pembelajaran online dalam masa pandemic covid-19 pada SMPN 2 Lingsar Kecamatan Lingsar, Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif fenomenologi. Data yang dikumpulkan berdasarkan hasil observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, data ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan reduksi data dan verifikasi data. Dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif diperoleh hasil bahwa pembelajaran online tidak maksimal karena siswa tidak punya Handphone, sinyal tidak  ada karena tempat tinggal tidak terkoneksi internet.Abstract: State Junior High School 2 Lingsar Lingsar District, West Lombok Regency is an educational institution that participates in implementing online learning activities as one of the right strategies in activating classroom learning. The purpose of this study was to determine the online learning process during the covid-19 pandemic in class VIII students of SMPN 2 Lingsar and to find out online learning strategies during the covid-19 pandemic at SMPN 2 Lingsar, Lingsar District, West Lombok Regency. The approach used is descriptive qualitative phenomenology. The data collected is based on the results of observations, interviews, documentation, this data is analyzed using data reduction and data verification. With a qualitative descriptive approach, the results obtained that online learning is not optimal because students do not have cellphones, the signal is not available because the place where they live is not connected to the internet.
PENGARUH KETELADANAN GURU DALAM IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER: TINJAUAN PERSPEKTIF PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Romualdi Kristoforus Bagas , Kumalasari Dyah
Published: June 2023

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang pengaruh keteladanan guru terhadap upaya implementasi penanaman pendidikan karakter ditinjau dari perspektif peserta didik. Metode penelitian yang peneliti gunakan adalah studi literatur dan penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan dan mengolah sumber bacaan seperti buku dan refrensi lain yang terkait dengan topik penelitian. Selain itu, peneliti juga melakukan wawancara dengan empat peserta didik dari gender, sekolah, dan daerah yang berbeda. Setelah melakukan penelitian, peneliti menemukan bahwa keteladanan yang diperlihatkan oleh guru memberi persepsi dan pengaruh terhadap cara berpikir dan perilaku peserta didik. Penanaman pendidikan karakter tidak cukup jika hanya sebatas retorika dari guru karena peserta didik juga mengharapkan adanya sinkronisasi antara perkataan dan tindakan guru itu sendiri untuk memberi inspirasi keteladanan. Empat narasumber juga mengaku bahwa ada cara berpikir dan perilaku dalam dirinya yang terpengaruh dari keteladanan guru.Abstract:  This study aims to obtain information about the influence of teacher model on efforts to implement character education in the perspective of students. A literature review and descriptive research are the research methods used by the researcher. Collecting and analyzing reading sources such as books and other references relating to the research topic are used as data gathering approaches. In addition, the researcher conducted interviews with four students of various genders, schools, and geographical locations. After performing the investigation, the researcher discovered that the teacher's model had an impact on the students' way of thinking and behavior. Character education is insufficient if it is restricted to rhetoric from the teacher, because students need the teacher's words and deeds to be in sync in order to encourage exemplary behavior. Four interviewees also admitted that there are ways of thinking and behavior in them that are influenced by the teacher's model.
STRATEGI KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA INDONESIA FOKUS BERTANYA SECARA LISAN DALAM WEBINAR
Authors: Puteri Anggia , Wulandari Wulandari
Published: June 2023

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan strategi kesantunan berbahasa Indonesia fokus bertanya. Penelitian kualitatif ini memiliki data penelitian yang beragam dianalisis dengan mentranskipsikan, menginventarisasikan, mengidentifikasikan, mengklasifikasikan, merumuskan dan menjelaskan, serta menyimpulkan dan memverifikasi data. Temuan penelitian: (1) tindak tutur bertanya dalam Webinar; (2) cara-cara yang digunakan oleh penutur dalam Webinar untuk membentuk tindak tutur bertanya yang santun. Ada dua jenis tindak tutur bertanya, tindak tutur bertanya total dan parsial. Strategi kesantunan berbahasa fokus bertanya dalam Webinar ditentukan dengan menganalisis tuturan berdasarkan maksim. Dengan mematuhi 6 maksim kesantunan disertai atau tidak disertai pengutamaan maksim, tindak tutur bertanya itu sudah digolongkan santun.Abstract: This study aims to explain politeness strategies in Indonesian with a focus on asking questions. This qualitative research has various research data analyzed by transcribing, inventorying, identifying, classifying, formulating and explaining, as well as concluding and verifying the data. Research findings: (1) speech acts asking questions in the Webinar; (2) the methods used by speakers in the Webinar to form polite questioning speech acts. There are two types of questioning speech acts, total and partial questioning speech acts. Language politeness strategies that focus on asking questions in the Webinar are determined by analyzing speech based on maxims. By obeying the 6 maxims of politeness with or without prioritizing maxims, the speech act of asking is classified as polite.
Model PjBL Berbasis Entrepreunership pada Pembelajaran Tematik Materi Koperasi dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dan Membentuk Karakteristik Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Kamal Rahmat , Khusna Syafa'atul
Published: June 2023

Abstrak: Pembelajaran abad 21 mendorong siswa untuk berkolaborasi dengan orang lain dengan menyelesaikan masalah, pembelajaran abad ini memiliki ciri-ciri bahwa informasi atau pengetahuan bisa didapatkan dari manapun dan kapanpun. Salah satu implementasi PjBL yaitu PjBL berbasis entrepeunership, yang diterapkan pada pembelajaran materi koperasi yang bisa meningkatkan hasil belajar dan membentuk karakteristik siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan Model PjBL Berbasis Entrepreunership Pada Pembelajaran Tematik Materi Koperasi yang bisa meningkatkan hasil belajar dan membentuk karakteristik pada siswa kelas 5 SDN 02 Kebonrowopucang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pembelajaran pada kelas 5 materi koperasi menggunakan model PjBL berbasis entrepeneurship dapat Membangun dan Meningkatkan sifat jujur, bertanggung jawab, disiplin, mandiri, kreatif dan inovatif pada siswa, serta menumbuhkan jiwa kewirausahaan siswa. faktor pendukung dalam pelaksanaan koperasi kelas yaitu antusias siswa yang tinggi, bimbingan guru yang baik, dan waktu pelaksanaan koperasi yang fleksibel. Adapun faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaan koperasi yaitu kedisiplinan siswa dalam mencatat data pemasukab dan pengeluaran barang dan uang yang rendah.Abstract: 21st century learning encourages students to collaborate with others by solving problems, this century learning has the characteristics that information or knowledge can be obtained from anywhere and anytime. One of the PjBL implementations is entrepreneurship-based PjBL, which is applied to cooperative learning materials that can improve learning outcomes and shape student characteristics. This study aims to determine the application of Entrepreneurship-Based PjBL Models in Thematic Learning of Cooperative Materials which can improve learning outcomes and shape the characteristics of grade 5 students at SDN 02 Kebonrowopucang. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that learning in grade 5 cooperative material using the PjBL model based on entrepreneurship can build and enhance students' honest, responsible, disciplined, independent, creative and innovative traits, as well as foster students' entrepreneurial spirit. Supporting factors in the implementation of cooperative classes are high student enthusiasm, good teacher guidance, and flexible cooperative implementation time. The inhibiting factors in the implementation of cooperatives are student discipline in recording low data entry and expenditure of goods and money.
Media Pembelajaran Video Tiktok Seni Tari Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Maulidiyanti Hidayatul , Mariati Pance , Djazilan Muhammad Sukron , Sunanto Sunanto
Published: June 2023

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hasil-hasil penerapan media pembelajaran video tiktok terhadap seni tari siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar. Dengan metode sistematik literature review (SLR). Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 10 artikel review yang membahas mengenai media pembelajaran berbasis tiktok pada pelajaran seni tari yang mengambil keseluruhan terkait topik yang di bahas. Hasil penelitian menggunakan jurnal yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2021-2022. Pertanyaan kunci peneitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan tentang bagaimana pengaruh media video tiktok pada pembelajaran, dan ditinjau berdasarkan tahun, tingkat pembelajaran, subjek penelitian, metode penelitian, dan hasil penelitian. Melalui metode tinjauan pustaka otomatis ditemukan adanya peningkatan penelitian selama 2 tahun terakhir. Berasarkan studi penelitian, mayoritas peningkatan pada jenjang kelas atas lebih dominan, berdasarkan durasi mayoritas. Penelitian dilakukan di sekolah dasar, dan berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh data bahwa terjadi penigkatan topik media video tiktok pada pembelajaran di berbagai jenjang pendidikan.Abstract: This study aims to describe the results of applying the tiktok video learning media to the art of dance for fifth grade elementary school students. With the method of systematic literature review (SLR). Samples were taken of 10 review articles that discussed tiktok-based learning media in dance lessons which took the whole topic related to the topic discussed. The results of the research use journals published in 2021-2022. The key research question for this research is to describe how the influence of the tiktok video media on learning, and is reviewed based on year, level of learning, research subject, research method, and research results. Through the automatic literature review method, it was found that there was an increase in research over the last 2 years. Based on research studies, the majority of increases at the upper class level are more dominant, based on the duration of the majority. The research was conducted in elementary schools, and based on the results of the research, it was obtained data that there was an increase in the topic of tiktok video media in learning at various levels of education.
Pendidikan Multikultural untuk Membentuk Karakter Bangsa
Authors: Sanur Ilham Samudra , Dermawan Wawan
Published: June 2023

Abstrak: Permasalahan yang ada di indonesia yang cukup serius saat ini adalah rendahnya etika dan moralitas. Masalah yang dihadapi indonesia membutuhkan solusi dan tindakan yang nyata. Karakter bangsa yang terpuji, kecerdasan warga negara yang unggul, nasionalisme Indonesia yang kuat, kemampuan hidup dalam masyarakat dan budaya yang multikultur, sangat perlu menjadi fokus untuk pengembangan pribadi setiap warga negara. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka pendidikan multikultural menjadi sangat strategis jika lebih dimasifkan dalam pembelajaran di sekolah, sehingga karakter kebangsaan yang dimiliki oleh generasi penerus bangsa menjadi tangguh. Penelitian ini adalah penilitian deskriptif mengunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan metode kepustakaan atau library research. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan menjadi salah satu kunci penting sebagai instrument peradaban manusia dan bangsa. Manfaat diimplementasikan pendidikan multikultural dengan pendekatan sejarah dalam pembelajaran bagi siswa adalah pendidikan multikultural membantu siswa untuk mengenali ketepatan dari pandangan-pandangan budaya yang beragam, membantu siswa dalam mengembangkan kebanggaan terhadap warisan budaya mereka, memahami dan menghargai keragaman kultural, juga diharapkan siswa mampu memiliki karakter yang kuat untuk selalu bersikap demokratis, pluralis dan humanis.Abstract: The problem that exists in Indonesia which is quite serious today is the low level of ethics and morality. The problems facing Indonesia require real solutions and actions. The commendable character of the nation, the intelligence of superior citizens, strong Indonesian nationalism, and the ability to live in a multicultural society and culture, really need to be the focus for the personal development of every citizen. Based on this, multicultural education becomes very strategic if it is more massive in learning in schools so that the national character possessed by the nation's next generation becomes strong. This research is descriptive research using a qualitative approach, with library research methods. The results show that education is one of the important keys as an instrument of human civilization and the nation. The benefits of implementing multicultural education with a historical approach to learning for students are that multicultural education helps students to recognize the accuracy of diverse cultural views, helps students develop pride in their cultural heritage, and understand and appreciate cultural diversity, it is also expected students have good character. strong to always be democratic, pluralist, and humanist.
Vowel Length Variation in the Pronunciation of Iraqi EFL Learners
Authors: Abdely Ammar Abdul Wahab Abed Al
Published: June 2023

This study examined the realization of English vowel length by EFL Iraqi learners. The study was basically interested in identifying whether Iraqi EFL learners are able to realize variations in vowel length based on following sounds. To this end, 20 male and female participants with 20-37 years age range participated in a production test. Before, they did so, they were asked to respond to a demographic questionnaire that aimed to ensure that all informants selected are suitable for the study aims and they well represent the population of the study. The production test included 60 English real words that provided English pure vowels (monophthongs) in different settings. The production was done using high quality smart phones. The recordings were analyzed using PRAAT to measure vowel length. The results showed that though variations in vowel length do exist where these vowels are located in different settings, paired samples T.Tests revealed that these variations were not statistically significant. Moreover, numerical differences in vowel length based on gender variable were present in all vowels; however, results of independent samples T.Tests indicated significant differences in closed settings only. No significant differences among vowel length means in the open setting were identified. EFL learners need to be exposed to native speech and pay attention to phonetic details so as to improve their pronunciation in general and vowel length realization in particular.
Crystal Engineering for Achievement of Functional Materials Through Facile Intercalation of Lamella Mineral Kaolinite
Authors: Sun Xin , Zhang Yuxuan , Yang Hao , Ren Xiao-Ming
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Kaolinite, a layered clay mineral, has attracted widely attention due to its versatile advantages including low cost, environmentally friendly processing and easy modification. By comparison of the wide studies of the intercalation processes of kaolinite via the replacement of diverse intercalated agents, the multiple functional properties of intercalated kaolinites are ignored as well as such kind of study is very limited. In this review, we have summarized a series of intercalated compounds of kaolinites with organic molecules or organic salts by means of a simple intercalation strategy. Additionally, their multiple functional properties (such as dielectricity, ferroelectricity and ionic conductivity) will also be mentioned.
Frailty, Cognitive Impairment, and Incident Major Neurocognitive Disorders: Results of the NuAge Cohort Study
Authors: Beauchet Olivier , Matskiv Jacqueline , Gaudreau Pierrette , Allali Gilles , Vaillant-Ciszewicz Anne-Julie , Guerin Olivier , Gros Auriane
Published: June 2023

Background: Frailty is associated with an increased risk of major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD). Objective: This study aims to compare the Fried physical model and the CARE deficit accumulation model for their association with incident major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD), and to examine how the addition of cognitive impairment to these frailty models impacts the incidence in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A subset of community dwellers (n = 1,259) who participated in the “Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging” (NuAge) were selected in this Elderly population-based observational cohort study with 3 years of follow-up. Fried and CARE frailty stratifications into robust, pre-frail and frail groups were performed using the NuAge baseline assessment. Incident MNCD (i.e., Modified Mini Mental State (3MS) score < 79/100 and Instrumental Activity Daily Living (IADL) score < 6/8) were collected each year over a 3-year follow-up period. Results: A greater association with incident MNCD of the CARE frail state was observed with an increased predictive value when combined with cognitive impairment in comparison to Fried’s one, the highest incidences being observed using the robust state as the reference. Results with the Fried frail state were more heterogenous, with no association with the frail state alone, whereas cognitive impairment alone showed the highest significant incidence. Conclusion: The association of the CARE frail state with cognitive impairment increased the predictive value of MNCD, suggesting that the CARE frailty model may be of clinical interest when screening MCND in the elderly population.
Over comparative study of text summarization techniques based on graph neural networks
Authors: Mulla Samina , Shaikh Nuzhat F.
Published: June 2023

Due to the enormous content of text available online through emails, social media, and news articles, it has become complicated to summarize the textual information from multiple documents. Text summarization automatically creates a comprehensive description of the document that retains its informative contents through the keywords, where Multi-Document Summarization (MDS) is a productive tool for data accumulation that creates a concise and informative summary from the documents. In order to extract the relevant information from the documents, Graph neural networks (GNNs) is the neural structure that detains the interrelation of the graph by progressing the messages between the graphical nodes. In the current years, the advanced version of GNNs, such as graph attention network (GAN), graph recurrent network, and graph convolutional network (GCN) provides a remarkable performance in text summarization with the advantage of deep learning techniques. Hence, in this survey, graph approaches for text summarization has been analyzed and discussed, where the recent text summarization model based on Deep learning techniques are highlighted. Further, the article provides the taxonomy to abstract the design pattern of Neural Networks and conducts a comprehensive of the existing text summarization model. Finally, the review article enlists the future direction of the researcher, which would motivate the enthusiastic and novel contributions in text summarizations.
Internet of Things assisted Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Pest Detection with Optimized Deep Learning Model
Authors: G Vijayalakshmi , Y Radhika
Published: June 2023

IoT technologies & UAVs are frequently utilized in ecological monitoring areas. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) & IoT in farming technology can evaluate crop disease & pest incidence from the ground’s micro & macro aspects, correspondingly. UAVs could capture images of farms using a spectral camera system, and these images are been used to examine the presence of agricultural pests and diseases. In this research work, a novel IoT- assisted UAV- based pest detection with Arithmetic Crossover based Black Widow Optimization-Convolutional Neural Network (ACBWO-CNN) model is developed in the field of agriculture. Cloud computing mechanism is used for monitoring and discovering the pest during crop production by using UAVs. The need for this method is to provide data centers, so there is a necessary amount of memory storage in addition to the processing of several images. Initially, the collected input image by the UAV is assumed on handling the via-IoT-cloud server, from which the pest identification takes place. The pest detection unit will be designed with three major phases: (a) background &foreground Segmentation, (b) Feature Extraction & (c) Classification. In the foreground and background Segmentation phase, the K-means clustering will be utilized for segmenting the pest images. From the segmented images, it extracts the features including Local Binary Pattern (LBP) &improved Local Vector Pattern (LVP) features. With these features, the optimized CNN classifier in the classification phase will be trained for the identification of pests in crops. Since the final detection outcome is from the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN); its weights are fine-tuned through the ACBWO approach. Thus, the output from optimized CNN will portray the type of pest identified in the field. This method’s performance is compared to other existing methods concerning a few measures.
Trends in study topics related to quality of life in Industry 4.0: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Amarante Cristiano Couto do , Resende David Nunes , Broday Evandro Eduardo , Picinin Claudia Tania
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: The use of new technologies boosted Industry 4.0, making processes more sophisticated and considering the interaction between physical production systems and workers. But these new technologies also intervene in the worker’s quality of life (QoL), that is, we need to know if the industry of the future is changing the scenario of the present. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to identify trends in study topics related to QoL in Industry 4.0. METHODS: A bibliometric mapping analysis was performed without temporal delimitation in the Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases. RESULTS: The results show that: (i) the publications most aligned with the theme are from 2016 onwards; (ii) the greatest growth in publications on the subject occurred between the years 2019, 2020 and 2021; (iii) the Journal Sustainability was the most relevant journal on the subject in recent years; (iv) Turkey stood out as the most cited country in the field of study; (v) there are collaboration networks between authors in several countries, including Denmark, Italy and Poland; (vi) with the analysis of the thematic map, it is possible to identify which themes are the motor, specialized, emerging, missing, or basic from the research field and; (vii) the sub-themes that appeared the most in the surveys were work environment, impact of Industry 4.0, robots, health and well-being, digitalization and job satisfaction. CONCLUSION: In addition to being a relevant source of information, where readers find future thematic trends in the field of research, it is hoped that the contributions of this study will provide insights for researchers, academics and society in general.
المَرْأَةُ في مَجْمُوعَةِ (أَفاعِي الفِرْدَوس) الشِّعريّة للشَّاعِرِ إِلياس أَبوشَبكة
Authors: BOUBES Enas
Published: June 2023

نُلقي الضَّوءَ في هذا البحثِ على أهمِّ الظَّواهر الأسلوبيَّة التي رسمت ملامحَ المرأةِ في مجموعة (أفاعي الفردوس) الشِّعريّة للشَّاعر إلياس أبي شبكة، وقد اخترتُ هذه المجموعة الشِّعريَّة لأنها تحمل في طَيَّاتها رسماً للمرأة التي حطَّمت صورة المرأة المثال في فكر أبي شبكة، وصورة المرأة التي أنّبها وأدّبها بِكَشفِ الغِطاء عن مَثالِبِها.

وسبب مقاربة هذه المجموعة الشِّعرية مقاربةً أُسلوبيَّة هو أنَّ أحداً لم يدرس تفصيل الظَّواهر الأسلوبيَّة فيها باستقراء تامّ أو مُوسَّع، وهذا ما عمدت إليه في دراستي، إذ استقرأت بعض الظَّواهر الأسلوبيَّة في المجموعة استقراء تامّاً كالتّكرار والمفارقة، واستقرأتُ بعضها استقراءً موسَّعًا لأنَّ البحث يضيق عن استيعابها باستقراءٍ تامّ كالانزياح.

وخَلُصَ البحثُ إلى نتائج عدّة، وأثبتُّ في ختامه إحصائيّة للألفاظ التي كَثُرت في المجموعة كَثْرَةً تُمَيِّزُها مِن غيرها، وبيّنتُ ما لذلك من دلالاتٍ نفسيّة خطَّتها الظَّواهر الأسلوبيَّة بأدواتٍ فنِّيّة وعبقريّة فذّة.
Students’ perceptions of e-participation in social media, citizen mobilisation and engagement: Evidence from Papua New Guinea, India, and Zimbabwe
Authors: Zvavahera Promise , Pasipanodya Sheppard , Arulanandham Deepan , Amala Deepan Glory Sujitha , Aquino Emmanuel
Published: June 2023

This comparative case study analysed university students' perspectives of social media as a citizen mobilisation and engagement tool for national dialogue in Papua New Guinea, India, and Zimbabwe. The 300-sample size was chosen from a population of 558 students using computer software called pseudo-random number generator. A mixed-methods online survey was used to collect the data, and representatives of the students were interviewed virtually. The study’s findings revealed that geographical differences, societal values, and contextual factors impacted the mobilisation and engagement processes in the three nations, leading to varied degrees of participation. Comparing social media to more conventional forms of communication, the respondents preferred social media, particularly WhatsApp. Concerns regarding government surveillance and data security were raised by the respondents. Students' typical perceptions about using social media for citizen engagement in national social and political processes tended to focus on building consensus among a large cross-section of the populace.
Analisis Yuridis Persyaratan Kepemilikan Saham Asing Pada Bidang Usaha Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Berdasarkan Daftar Negatif Investasi
Authors: Siegfried Irene Elfira Dewi , Ginting Budiman , Sunarmi Sunarmi , Siregar Mahmul
Published: June 2023

Oil palm plantations play an important role in the national economy and have great potential for national economic development in the context of realizing the prosperity and welfare of the people in an equitable manner. Even though Indonesia needs foreign capital, foreign investment must still pay attention to the national interest. One of the national interests is to protect natural resources in Indonesia. The Presidential Regulation No. 44 of 2016 concerning the List of Business Fields That Are Closed and Business Fields That Are Open with Requirements regulates the limitation of foreign share ownership in companies engaged in oil palm plantations by 95%. The oil palm plantation business does not require high technology, only land, nurseries, and fertilization which have been done since the colonial era. However, with the existence of the Presidential Regulation on the Negative Investment List, the Government has opened up a huge influx of foreign investment. Therefore, problems arise 1) Requirements for foreign share ownership in the oil palm plantation business sector based on the Negative Investment List in Indonesia; and 2) The basis for consideration in determining the requirements for limiting foreign share ownership in the oil palm plantation business sector in Indonesia. This research is normative legal research. The nature of descriptive research. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively and deductively concluded. The results of the research show that: 1) Presidential Regulation No. Investment Negative List. 44 of 2016 is a government policy that supports foreign investment more than domestic investment, and 2) The basis for considering the opening of foreign shareholdings of up to a maximum of 95% based on the Presidential Regulation on the Negative Investment List is the relatively large need for funds which cannot be fully met solely by relying on Domestic Investment.
Vocabulary Acquisition Techniques to Learn Second Language English Speakers: A Literature Review
Authors: Ghafar Zanyar Nathir , Mohamedamin Akam Azad
Published: June 2023

This review paper investigated past studies on techniques for acquiring vocabulary to learn second language English speakers. The research in this study was picked to look into and comprehend language acquisition, its meanings and related topics, its categories, vocabulary learning techniques (VLT), historical research on using VLTs in English second language education, and the connection between effective language learners and VLT usage. The deliberate use of VLS in both official and casual settings and an accidental acquisition of VLS have all been examined in previous studies. The results demonstrated that the application of techniques significantly increased the vocabulary of ESL learners, underscoring the value of vocabulary to language proficiency. Proficient language users used VLS to enhance their vocabulary acquisition. At the end of this study, many research gaps identified in prior studies were highlighted. It was found that little study had been done on ESL students' efficiency of VLS usage. There isn't much research on LLS training models, as well. Future research is anticipated to use this review as a starting point to examine the knowledge gaps identified and concentrate on the application of vocabulary learning strategies in ESL instruction, the relationship between these strategies and users of proficient languages, and the effectiveness of LLS learning algorithms that can be utilized to teach vocabulary learning techniques to ESL students.
Phytochemical Screening of Rhizome Extract of Curcuma longa Linn. Grown in Bangladesh through GC-MS and its Bioactivities
Authors: Ferdous Kazi Jannatul , Afroz Farhana , Sharmin Suriya , Islam Md Rakibul , Mazid Md Abdul , Sohrab Md Hossain
Published: June 2023

The methanolic extract of Curcuma longa L. rhizome was subjected to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis. The chromatographic investigation of the extract showed 27 constituents of which 19 compounds were newly found from C. longa. Here, the peaks obtained in the total ion chromatogram were compared with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) database for identification of the constituents. The most plentiful component was 9-octadecenamide (Z) (5.93%). The component present in the lowest amount was 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzoic acid methyl ester (0.08%). The rhizome extract of C. longa and its six fractions (F1-F6) obtained through vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) were also investigated for antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities.The crude extract and its fractions (F4-F6) exhibited strong antioxidant activity having IC50 values of 19.85, 18.41, 26.72 and 16.79 μg/ml, respectively compared to the standards butylated hydroxyl anisole (IC50 = 11.42 μg/ml) and ascorbic acid (IC50 = 9.01 μg/ml). Strong cytotoxicity was found in crude extract (LC50 = 1.81 μg/ml) and fractions F4 (LC50 = 2.4 μg/ml), F5 (LC50 = 2.5 μg/ml) and F6 (LC50 = 2.3 μg/ml) when compared to the standard, tamoxifen (LC50 = 0.13 μg/ml). Fractions F1-F3 displayed mild to moderate antibacterial activity against Bacillus megaterium, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in comparison with the standard, Kanamycin. The compounds obtained through GC-MS may explain the above activities. The present results showed the prospect of this medicinal plant to explore further to determine the bioactive components.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 22(1): 11-20, 2023 (June)
GC-MS Analysis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Essential Oil from the Epicarp of Nigerian Grown Afraegle paniculata (Rutaceae)
Authors: Babatunde Oluwatoyin , Ajayi Grace T , O Ajayi Ola Oluwa , Ajayi Ibironke A
Published: June 2023

Essential oils are used as therapeutic agents in aromatherapy. In this study, the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils from the epicarp of Afraegle paniculata fruits from Nigeria were evaluated. The essential oil was obtained via hydro distillation and chemical components of the oils were analysed on Agilent Technologies 7890A gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry system. Antimicrobial assay was performed by disc diffusion method. GC-MS analysis revealed sixteen compounds consisting mainly of oxygenated monoterpene (39.61 %), esters (15.3 %), sesquiterpenes (13.1 %) and sesquiterpene alcohol (9.42 %). The oil showed appreciable activity against all the tested microorganisms except Aspergillus niger. At concentration of 1000 μg/ml, the inhibitory effect observed for S. aureus was 16 mm followed by 15 mm for B. subtilis and 7 mm for P. aeruginosa. The findings suggest that essential oil from A. paniculata fruits could serve as a valuable raw material for perfumery and cosmetic products.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 22(1): 73-80, 2023 (June)
Preparation and Evaluation of Repaglinide Loaded Liposomes by Ether Injection Method
Authors: Sagir Shabira , Hamiduzzaman Md , Dewan Irin , Asaduzzaman Md
Published: June 2023

Repaglinide is a commonly used antidiabetic drug to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, it does not always support a suitable dose regimen due to its low bioavailability and half-life. The purpose of this study was to develop and analyze repaglinide loaded control release liposomes to provide suitable dosage form to treat diabetes. Repaglinide loaded liposomes were prepared by modified ether injection method. According to the USP-II paddle method, in vitro dissolution studies of liposomes were performed for 8 hours in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). The stability study was executed according to ICH guidelines under three different environmental conditions for 14 days. Additionally, the presence and size of liposomal vesicles was confirmed by microscopic observation. The formulations containing phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol at a molar ratio of 1:0.4 revealed the highest drug entrapment efficiency of 73.1% with an optimum stirring rate of 300 RPM. The pegylated liposomes (PEG400/1500) prolonged the drug loading capacity for the formulations compared to non-pegylated liposomes. On the contrary, the addition of nigella oil caused a decrease in entrapment efficiencies of the liposomes. Most of the formulations followed zero order kinetic model and supper class II release mechanism. In vitro dissolution showed controlled release pattern of the liposomes and maximum drug release after 8 hours was 92.64%. Additionally, all the liposomal formulations were found to be more stable at refrigeration temperature (5 ± 2ºC) where pegylated liposomes were most stable over 14 days at three different environmental conditions. Visual observation under an optical microscope, the vesicular structure of liposomes was confirmed.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 22(1): 89-96, 2023 (June)
Synthesis of Naproxen Esters and Evaluation of their In vivo and In silico Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activities
Authors: Akter Mansura , Mahmud Zobaer Al , Nasir Uddin Mir Muhammad , Das Raju , Rahman S M Abdur
Published: June 2023

Three consecutive alkyl esters methyl (1), ethyl (2) and isopropyl (3) esters were synthesized from naproxen by direct Fischer esterification reaction and were evaluated for their in vivo and in silico analgesic and antiinflammatory activities. Methyl and ethyl ester showed potent peripheral analgesia with 82.09% and 82.59% writhing inhibition, respectively compared to that of naproxen (64.68% inhibition) at equivalent dose of 25 mg/kg bw. In antiinflammatory study, all the three esters generated 96.75%, 91.54% and 90.65% inhibition of inflammation at 5th hour, similar to that obtained by naproxen (95.12% inhibition). Molecular docking study suggested that methyl ester had the highest binding energy towards COX-2 enzyme, while isopropyl ester possessed the lowest energy, and also exhibited the lower Vander Waals interaction that might affect COX inhibition. Moreover, all the compounds had satisfactory ADME profile. Again, methyl ester satisfied the safety issues, while other compounds might have cardio toxicity.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 22(1): 105-114, 2023 (June)
El Derecho Penal Ambiental en el Ecuador y su Relación con el Principio de Proporcionalidad
Authors: Burbano-Yánez Joe
Published: June 2023

La Constitución del 2008 ha dado un giro de 360º en la manera de percibir a la naturaleza o Pachamama, esta se ha dejado de ver como un ente que existe únicamente para el servicio de los seres humanos, y por el contrario le ha otorgado la calidad de sujeto de derecho, haciendo que se le garantice la protección integral, como un ente que ha existido mucho antes que la humanidad y que tiene derecho a la regeneración, al respeto y a la restauración. Esta nueva concepción biocéntrica ha obligado a activar al derecho penal en búsqueda de la prevención, investigación y sanción de los actos que atenten contra este nuevo bien jurídico, para esto, la presente investigación analizará si el uso del derecho penal cumple con el principio de proporcionalidad determinando si las medidas punitivas aplicadas internamente son idóneas, necesarias y proporcionales; o por el contrario, se podría aplicar otras normas de naturaleza menos lesiva. Asimismo, se sugerirá la creación de una fiscalía especializada en delitos contra la naturaleza, la cual poseerá los conocimientos técnicos, tecnológicos y económicos ideales para identificar si se ha cometido un delito ambiental y de ser el caso actuar en la defensa y protección de la Pacha Mama; donde se reproduce y desarrolla la vida de todos nosotros. Para tal cometido se utilizará el método cualitativo en el uso de la doctrina y la jurisprudencia; y levemente el método cuantitativo, con la base de datos estadísticos de la Fiscalía General del Estado.