bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El perfil fetichista de la contabilidad mercantil
Authors: Valenzuela Jiménez Luis Fernando , Suárez Rico Yuli Marcela
Published: September 2018

The frequent crises of the capitalist system with its disastrous consequences for society and the environment have led to the reinterpretation and weighting of Marxist thesis. A retrospective to the economy and politics look, interacting with accounting reveals how it has always played aligned with the interests of capital paper, hiding truths and making up facts, which should be classifi ed as fetish accounting. In the document a critical examination of the accounts and its main authors is done through history, auscultation under scrutiny Marxist approaches that reveal the goodwill as a result of the exchange of goods, fi nding that any accounting doctrine time has accompanied since its epistemological trench, or in practice, serious and scientifi c approaches of Marx to achieve a decent life. The serious monitoring done at the various theories and techniques of accounting since Pacioli proposed by until today shows that its structure just came to have important advances in the last 50 years, considering that the basic designs have barely improved discipline in his art under the new technologies. The need to provide a restructuring accounting both in its conceptualization and theoretical corpus, and its pragmatic and practical work, so that progress towards a discipline that not cohoneste injustice and theft that favors capitalism arises in detriment of the actors that throughout history have been unknown such as work, society and the environment.
Gestão de custos como instrumento de governança pública
Authors: Gonçalves de Oliveira Antonio , Luiz da Silva Christian , Schneider Blanski Márcia Beatriz
Published: September 2018

The cost management in any organization provides a number of benefits, such as Security in the good management of resources, but it hasn′t been usually applied to public sector in Brazil. This fact is more evident in the public hospital for many problems: complexity hospital organization, health underfunding and efficiency problem in the Brazilian public health system from universal rights guaranteed by the Constitution. This study aims to propose a costing model for public hospitals as Public Governance instrument applied to Brazilian public hospitals. The methodology used is action research, based on survey results of similar research and application in two public hospitals. This study shows how is possible to applied the model proposal and how its results could help to develop new instruments for management, financing and operation of public hospitals.
Una revisión conceptual de la percepción del servicio al cliente en la logística militar
Authors: Correa Malagón Claudia Marcela
Published: September 2018

Desde una perspectiva descriptiva y refl exiva, este artículo busca identifi car y analizar las bases conceptuales de servicio al cliente para evaluar y categorizar su relación en la logística militar, verifi cando su implementación y las estrategias de retroalimentación y futura mejora en el servicio. Primero se hace un acercamiento inicial al concepto de servicio al cliente y la logística de manera general, para posteriormente explorarlo desde la logística militar, identifi cando los principales pilares conceptuales para analizarlos en conjunto. Como conclusión, se determinó que la identifi cación, evaluación y categorización del servicio al cliente es un componente fundamental en la logística militar, pero este no se ve evidenciado debido a la falta de formalización sobre la percepción real del servicio logístico militar.
Percepciones sobre el modelo de gestión del conocimiento de las ies colombianas a partir de las integraciones sistémicas entre los procesos de investigación - docencia y proyección social
Authors: Ortiz Bojacá José Joaquín , Zacarías Juan Antonio
Published: September 2018

El objetivo de este artículo de investigación consiste en evaluar la calidad de las integraciones sistémicas entre los procesos de investigación - docencia y proyección social y su impacto en los niveles de calidad educativa integral, a partir las percepciones que se obtuvieron de un grupo de directivos de diferentes instituciones de educación superior (IES) colombianas sobre estos importantes temas. La metodología empleada es de tipo cualitativo, centrada en entrevistas en profundidad, efectuadas a directivos universitarios colombianos. Los resultados muestran que la percepción no es positiva en cuanto a la calidad de dicha integración y su impacto se torna negativo sobre la calidad educativa integral en las IES colombianas, dado que no se detecta un modelo de gestión que potencialice la producción y acumulación de conocimiento a partir de los resultados de la investigación y estos no se integran adecuadamente a la actualización y desarrollo curricular en las diferentes disciplinas ni en sus esquemas pedagógicos, y por otro lado, no existe una interacción efectiva que conecte los conocimientos generados o reelaborados para desarrollar competencias y ensanchar las capacidades para la resolución de problemas reales en los campos de actuación profesional, que posibiliten verdaderas transformaciones socioeconómicas y culturales, todo lo cual no sustenta una calidad de la educación en las IES colombianas de un nivel competitivo en el plano internacional, por razones que se analizan en este artículo. Para ello partimos de las respuestas emitidas por los directivos y la interpretación crítica de la revisión documental sobre aspectos clave que giran alrededor de la estructura, el modelo de gestión del conocimiento y la gestión del capital intelectual a nivel de las IES colombianas.
Los mecanismos de redes y la dimensión cultural, individualismo y colectivismo: supervivencia de algunos prodes de antioquia, bogotá, tolima y caldas
Authors: López Posada Laura Marcela , Saldarriaga Muñoz Juan Pablo
Published: September 2018

Este estudio cualitativo busca analizar la infl uencia de los mecanismos de red, huecos estructurales y cerramiento de red, y la dimensión cultural, individualismo y colectivismo en el éxito y fracaso de algunos Prodes de Antioquia, Bogotá, Tolima y Caldas. Se estudian nueve Prodes1 de Colombia usando 60 entrevistas en profundidad, tres historias de vida, dos focus group y observación estructurada. Se concluye que la fortaleza de las relaciones interempresariales logradas a través de huecos estructurales y cerramiento de red en los grupos asociativos, Prodes, se relacionan con comportamientos colectivistas que propician a su vez el éxito en la implementación de procesos asociativos.
La tasa de interés de intervención y su efecto sobre la inflación en colombia 2002-2016
Authors: Cárdenas Pinzón Johanna Inés , Vallejo Zamudio Luis Eudoro , Fuentes López Héctor Javier
Published: September 2018

This paper aims to find empirical evidence to analyze the effect on inflation of the use of the intervention interest rate to achieve the inflation target; in the first place an analysis is presented around the key variables that determine inflation; secondly, the main features of an objective inflation scheme, the inflation results and the decisions taken by the Banco de la Republica regarding the intervention interest rate are presented; Finally, we present the results obtained by means of a Structural Autoregressive Vectors (SVAR) model, which demonstrates, in the three models specified, the relationship between the inflation rate and the intervention interest rate since the signs thrown were as expected.
La enseñanza del derecho como islas, la crítica como método y teoría para una enseñanza sistemática
Authors: Garzón Saladen Alvaro
Published: September 2018

It is based on the relationship between the conception of law, the teaching of law, the isolation of the subjects presented as a negation of a system, the specialization of language as an expression of hyperspecialization, criticism as a methodological and theoretical option for the improvement of the work pedagogical, with a reflective, analytical and proactive vision so that the teaching is evidenced as systematic in itself and not as isolated subjects.
El empaque como oportunidad para el desarrollo del producto y el consumidor responsable; una mirada desde la industria en Norteamérica y Suramérica
Authors: R. Andrade Billy , A. Rivera Margarita , Lora Guzmán Harold
Published: September 2018

Latin America and North America are the two regions where the food packaging industry is analyzed.This article presents the analysis of the production of different food packaging materials within a period of 15 years. The quantitative methodology used is based on the Paired T-Test to test the hypothesis of the existence of a significant difference between the average production of food packaging in Latin America and North America (2002-2016). This quantitative methodology also provides an overview of the current situation of the industry in the region experiencing the increase in the production of certain types of materials, such as plastic bags, which has also opened the possibilities to produce more friendly alternative packaging. environment. Keywords Packaging industry, packaging materials, North America, Latin America, significant difference, paired T test.
Individual case safety reports by nursing staff: a retrospective pharmacovigilance analysis
Authors: T. Padmavathi , P. Rajavel Murugan
Published: September 2018

Background: The burden of adverse drug reactions is high and accounts for considerable morbidity which can be prevented if healthcare professionals have proper knowledge. Early and spontaneous reporting of ADRs is the mainstay of pharmacovigilance program. Since staff nurses are closely involved in direct patient care, they can easily identify ADRs in the early stage. This study was done to assess the extent of participation of nurses in pharmacovigilance program in our institution.Methods: Retrospective observational study was conducted by analyzing the 210 Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSR) of 2years duration. Causality assessment in the ICSR was analyzed. Severity of the reactions was categorized into mild, moderate and severe according to Modified Hartwig and Siegel scale. Descriptive statistics were used.Results: There were 177 cases reported by faculties and 33 were by the staff nurses.19 nurses reported 33 adverse effects (1:1.7) whereas 41 faculties 177 events (1:4). On analyzing the severity of reactions, 188 cases were categorized as moderate (89.5%), 20 mild (9.5%) and 2 severe (1%). In moderate category of 188 reports, 82 % reporting was by faculties and 18% by staff nurses. All the 33 reports by nurses were of moderate category (100%). In the mild and severe category, 100% reporting was by faculties. Causality analysis showed that 194 were classified as probable (92%), 14 as Possible (7%) and 2as certain (1%). In probable category 85% of reporting was by faculties and 15% by nurses, in possible group 71 % by faculties and 29% by nurses and 100% by faculties in severe category.Conclusions: Training and dedicated participation of nurses can improve reporting of ICSR.
A prospective observational study of prescription pattern of topical steroids in dermatology OPD, BRIMS, Bidar, India
Authors: Torvi Amrutha D. , Gumma Kashinath
Published: September 2018

Background: In dermatology practice Glucocorticoids are the most commonly prescribed drugs. Steroids produce dramatic relief in inflammatory and pruritic skin conditions, if they are irrationally used they may lead to adverse effects. Hence this study was done to observe the prescription pattern of corticosteroids.Methods: It was a prospective observational study. The prescriptions of patient attending the dermatology OPD were screened for the usage of the corticosteroids. The demographic data, chief complaints, diagnosis and the details of the drugs were collected and analysed.Results: Out of 415 patients screened, 13.97% were prescribed corticosteroids. Corticosteroids prescribed by generic name were 26.01% and brand name was 82.05%. Corticosteroids alone were prescribed in 42.02% and along with antihistaminics/antibiotics/emollients in 66.04%. Corticosteroids were prescribed topically in 86.02% of patients and systemically in 22.04% of patients. Moderately potent steroids prescribed in 80.42% followed by potent (15.07%) and very potent steroids (12.56%). No fixed dose combination drugs were prescribed.Conclusions: The corticosteroids prescribed by brand names (82.05%) were more than generic names (26.01%), information about the strength of the steroid was not mentioned and usage of emollients was less. This indicates the need for continuous medical education for the clinicians.
Efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine when added to stable insulin therapy in combination with metformin and glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes compare to sitagliptin
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Singh M. P. , Singh Amrendra Prasad , Pandey Mani Shankar , Kumar Suraj , Kumar Sumit
Published: September 2018

Background: The trial was done to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of hydroxychloroquine when added to stable insulin therapy in combination with metformin and glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) compare to sitagliptin.Methods: After two weeks run in period, eligible patients inadequately controlled on long acting, intermediate acting or premixed insulin (HbA1c ≥7.5% and ≤10%), in combination with metformin and glimepiride were randomised 1:1 to the addition of once daily hydroxychloroquine 400mg or sitagliptin 100mg over 24weeks study period. The primary endpoint was HbA1c change from baseline at week 24. Home based glucometer was used to determine finger stick glucose value to detect hypo or hyperglycemia periodically.Results: At 24 weeks, the addition of hydroxychloroquine significantly (p <0.001) reduced HbA1c by 1.3% compared with Sitagliptin which was 0.9%. A greater proportion of patients achieved an HbA1c level <7% while randomised to Hydroxychloroquine as compared with sitagliptin (31 vs. 18% respectively; p <0.001). The addition of hydroxychloroquine significantly (p<0.001) reduced fasting plasma glucose by 31.0mg/dl (vs 23.2mg/dl with sitagliptin) and post prandial plasma glucose by 52.1mg/dl (vs 41mg/dl with sitagliptin) relative to sitagliptin. The difference in mean value of total daily insulin dose showed a highly significant decrease (P <0.0001) from baseline to end of the treatment with hydroxychloroquine i.e. from 41±10.2 to 31.87±16.49 IU as compare to sitagliptin i.e. from 41±10.6 to 37.91±11.71 IU. And also highly significant (P <0.0001) decrease in mean weight was observed at the end of trial with hydroxychloroquine.Conclusions: Hydroxychloroquine decreases HbA1c in patients whose type 2 diabetes is poorly controlled with stable-dose insulin therapy with metformin and glimepiride.
Evaluation of analgesic activity of sodium valproate and ethanolic extract of Vitex negundo in experimental analgesic models in wistar rats
Authors: Sori Ravi K. , Poojar Basavaraj , Hodlur Nandan , Tilak Amod , Korde Rupa , Gandigawad Priya
Published: September 2018

Background: NSAIDs and opioids are commonly prescribed medications to relieve pain of multiple aetiologies with no effect on the level of consciousness of the patient. They interfere with the mode of transmission of the pain message. A widely prescribed antiepileptic drug, sodium valproate has been used in various non-epileptic conditions like migraine prophylaxis and in the treatment of bipolar disorder because of the multiple mechanisms by which it acts. Vitex negundo has been investigated for antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, hepatoprotective and bronchial relaxant. Very few studies have been done to evaluate its analgesic activity and no study was done on analgesic activity with the combination of modern drug. The more important point to be noted is that Vitex negundo is a natural product and therefore unlikely to cause adverse effects when compared to the traditional drugs used to treat pain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate of analgesic activity of sodium valproate and docosahexaenoic in experimental analgesic models in wistar rats.Methods: For analgesic activity, a total of 36 adult Wistar albino rats were taken and divided into six groups of six rats each. Group I was control (distil water 1ml/kg), Group II received intraperitoneal injection of diclofenac sodium (10mg/kg), Group III, IV were injected intraperitoneal sodium valproate 200, 400mg/kg with distil water respectively and Group V, VI were given sodium valproate 200, 400mg/kg (intraperitoneal) plus EEVN 400mg/kg (orally) respectively. Analgesic activity was assessed using hot plate, tail flick and acetic acid writhing models.Results: Present study revealed that sodium valproate at higher doses (400mg/kg) used either alone along with EEVN (400mg/kg) showed statistically significant analgesic activity in comparison to control in various experimental models for assessing pain.Conclusions: Combination of sodium valproate along with EEVN has shown promising analgesic activity.
The phytochemical diversity and product quality of shea butter present confounding factors to product standardization in research
Authors: Masters Eliot T.
Published: September 2018

Muoghalu et al, describe the anti-inflammatory activity of whole unrefined shea butter in an animal model. This study is important because shea butter extracts have promising characteristics for treating inflammatory disorders. However, the authors did not appropriately characterise the concentration of the specific bioactive compounds identified from their literature review prior to their in vivo studies. This lack of characterisation limits ability to extrapolate the important anti-inflammatory findings more broadly.
Nurses’ knowledge and practices related to pain assessment in critically ill patients in a selected private hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Mondol Sipra , Muhammad Faisal , Chowdhury A. B. M. Alauddin
Published: September 2018

Background: Most of the time pain is difficult to assess and manage because of being inherently a subjective experience influenced by multiple factors. The perception and tolerance of pain may vary because of different psychological and social influences of the patient. Therefore it is important for health care providers to assess the pain so that individualized management interventions can be provided. This study was aimed to assess the nurses’ knowledge and practices related to pain assessment in critically ill patients.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 200 registered nurses working at different ICU in Square Hospital. The study was conducted within April to August 2017. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. The data was collected using pre-tested self-administered semi-structured questionnaire and it was analysed using SPSS 22.0 version.Results: About 81% of the respondents were in the age group 22-32 years and the mean age of the respondents was 27.74±12.06 years. About 79.0% of the respondents were female and 59.5% of the respondents had diploma in nursing. The mean monthly income of the respondents’ was 19450.5 taka. The majority (59.5%) of the respondents had less than 2 years’ service experience. About 85.5% of the respondents said it is important to assess the pain and need for analgesia before, during, and after wound care.Conclusions: Our findings reported that the nurses were reasonably knowledgeable about the principles of pain assessment. More than four-fifths of the respondents had adequate knowledge about pain assessment.
A study on prevalence of contraceptive use and its determinants among eligible couples in urban slums of Gorakhpur district
Authors: Hasan Areeba , Nandeshwar Amardip A. , Srivastava D. K. , Khan Afroz A.
Published: September 2018

Background: As the urban slum population is increasing rapidly and have higher rate of illness than non-slum areas of the same city. Root of most of the health related problems are due to population which can be best controlled by family planning. The aims and objectives of the study were to know the prevalence of use of contraceptive methods and determinant of contraceptive use among couples in urban slums of Gorakhpur.Methods: A cross­ sectional study was conducted from September 2013-August 2014 in urban slums of District Gorakhpur. WHO 30 cluster sampling method was applied.Results: 145 (67.4%) of all eligible couple had ever used a contraceptive method. About one third of females (28.9%) had undergone Permanent sterilization followed by Condom (21.3%) use. About (15.0%) DMPA and IUCD were used in about equal in proportion. OCPs were used only by (12.4%) females. On the basis of caste, SC/ST showed highest ever use of contraception.Conclusions: Among the males 92.1% males and 89.8% females had the knowledge about contraceptives to be used. Prevalence of currently using contraceptives is 44.6%. About one third of females (28.9%) had undergone permanent sterilization followed by condom (21.3%) use. About (15.0%) DMPA and IUCD were used in about equal in proportion. OCPs were used only by (12.4%) females. Emergency contraceptives least used. No vasectomy done. About 10% lack of knowledge of contraception and a huge gap between knowledge and practice. So some educational programmes and motivational programmes must run in our community.
The efficacy of collagen based dressings for treatment of scald burns in under 5 years paediatric population: a non-comparative, prospective single centre experience
Authors: Khurram Mohammed Fahud , Sheikh MohdMohd Tafazul , Ahmad Imran , Maurya Sudheer Kumar , Ambedkar Vivek , Maurya Rajesh Kumar
Published: September 2018

Background: One of the major challenges faced worldwide is management of burn wounds, particularly among the pediatric population. Immense research is going on to overcome the challenges associated with survival of these patients and healing of burnt areas. Newer dressing materials are being developed and one of them is collagen. The collagen is biocompatible. The aim was to achieve earlier and better healing of wounds, and to obviate the need for frequent change of dressings; which besides being painful, is quite troublesome in pediatric population.Methods: A prospective study was conducted in 38 patients of scald burns under-5 years of age, from October 2016 till July 2017. After thorough cleaning of burn wounds and thorough rinsing of collagen sheets with normal saline, the wounds were covered with sheets of collagen. Paraffin with chlorhexidine impregnated gauze dressing was applied over the sheet of collagen followed by dry gauze, cotton and bandage application. First dressing was opened after 5 days and then after 3 to 4 days.Results: The wounds healed in 10 to 14 days in most of them. Infection developed in one case, warranting removal of collagen sheet. None developed any adverse reaction to the application of collagen dressing.Conclusions: We conclude that collagen based dressing is a very good modality of treatment for the burn wounds with advantages of being cost effective, requiring lesser number of dressings and blood transfusions, and shorter duration of hospital stay.
Coverage and compliance towards mass drug administration programme against lymphatic filariasis in Vijayapura (Bijapur) district, Karnataka, India
Authors: Kulkarni Praveen , . Amoghashree , Y. S. Krishnaveni , Narayana Murthy M. R. , Ravi Kumar K.
Published: September 2018

Background: Lymphatic filariasis or elephantiasis is the most debilitating and disfiguring scourge among all diseases. The National Health Policy (2017) has set the goal of elimination of lymphatic filariasis in endemic pockets in India by 2017. The concept of MDA is to approach every individual in the target community and administer annual single dose of anti-filarial drugs. The objectives of the study were to assess the coverage, compliance and causes for noncompliance towards MDA in Vijayapura district and to assess the rates of directly observed treatment, source of information on MDA and incidence of side effects related to MDA Programme.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in one urban and three rural clusters in Vijayapura district of Karnataka. Totally 120 houses were covered with minimum of 30 houses in each of the cluster. Data was collected in a structured proforma by interview technique and entered in Microsoft Excel-2010 and analyzed with SPSS version 22.Results: Out of 120 houses visited in 4 clusters consisting of 398 beneficiaries, the coverage of MDA was 80.3% and 72.5% had consumed the tablets. The coverage compliance gap was 7.8%. 71.7% of the respondents, had awareness regarding elephantiasis. The most common reason quoted by the beneficiaries for not consuming the tablet was lack of information of MDA programme/ Lf (13%) followed by fear of drugs (10%).Conclusions: BCC is the essence of the hour to fulfil the goal of elimination of lymphatic filariasis; there is need for intensive IEC activities addressing the misconceptions among beneficiaries regarding adverse reactions of MDA through mass media, interpersonal communications.
A study on the immunisation status and the factors responsible for incomplete immunization amongst children of age group 0-12 months coming to a tertiary care hospital (IGIMS)
Authors: Sinha Shivani , Kumar Sanjay , Chaudhary Sanjay Kumar , Sinha Setu , Singh Varsha , Kumari Seema
Published: September 2018

Background: Vaccines are safe, simple and one of the most cost-effective way to save and improve the lives of children. The World Health Organization launched the Global Programme of Immunization in 1974 and Government of India launched the same in India on 1st January, 1978, with a view to provide protection to the children against disease and to reduce infant mortality rate.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out in the immunization clinic of a tertiary care hospital (IGIMS) of Patna district. The study unit were children of age group 0 to 12 months attending the immunisation clinic of IGIMS Patna. The study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2017, for a period of 12 months.Results: About 40% of children were fully immunized, about 73.3% were having immunization card.Conclusions: Immunizations is one of the biggest public health achievements of the last century, saving millions of lives and preventing illness and lifelong disability in millions more. Many childhood diseases which is now preventable by vaccines often resulted in hospitalization, death or lifelong consequences only a few decades ago. Without immunizations, serious outbreaks of many of the diseases we are now protected from can reoccur. There is a need to create awareness regarding the importance of vaccination, as well as the consequences of partial immunization, parents views must also be taken into consideration when the programme is planned, especially those with a lower educational level.
Study of association between psychological stress and depression among medical students in Mangalore
Authors: Gupta Animesh , Salunkhe Leena Rahul , Hameed Shahul , Halappanavar A. B.
Published: September 2018

Background: Depression is common mental disorder and most prevalent condition worldwide. Medical education carries great burden of stress that can result in depression and it is an area of concern worldwide. The present study was aimed to assess the magnitude of depression among medical students and its association with psychological stress.Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted among medical students at an institution in Mangalore. Students from 1st to 4th years were included in the study, and the level of psychological stress and depression was assessed by using General Health Questionnaire (GHQ -12) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scale respectively.Results: The prevalence of psychological stress and depression was 83.7% and 72.9% respectively. Among depressed students, 24.2% had mild mood disturbances followed by 21.1% had moderate depression. There was a strong association between psychological stress and depression.Conclusions: Depression is highly prevalent among medical students and most of them had symptoms of psychological stress, which was associated with depression.
Prevalence of disability in activities of daily living among elderly in a rural community of Puducherry
Authors: R. Anandaraj , M. Prakash , Vasudevan Kavita
Published: September 2018

Background: Normal ageing changes, acute illness and worsening chronic illness can lead to a decline in the ability to perform day to day tasks necessary to live independently. This research aims to study about the disability in activities of daily living among rural elderly in an union territory of south India.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted for three months among 245 randomly selected rural elderly aged ≥60 years. Everyday abilities scale for India was used to assess disability in activities of daily living. Results were expressed in frequencies and percentages. Appropriate univariate and multivariate analyses were done.Results: The prevalence of disability in activities of daily living was found to be 13.9%. Univariate analysis found out that illiteracy, economic dependency, marital status, living arrangement and presence of sleep problems were significantly associated with disability in activities of daily living. Multivariate analysis observed that predictors of disability were economic dependency (aOR, 95% CI=9.15, 2.94–28.47) and living arrangement (aOR, 95% CI =8.00, 2.46–26.01).Conclusions: Disability in activities of daily living is a neglected serious issue and needs a community-based primary health care approach.
A study of assessment menopausal symptoms and coping strategies among middle age women of North Central India
Authors: Agarwal Anil K. , Kiron Nirmala , Gupta Rajesh , Sengar Aditi , Gupta Preeti
Published: September 2018

Background: Menopause is one of the most significant events in a woman's life and brings in a number of physiological changes that affect the life of a woman permanently and can be influenced by various socio-demographic factors and coping activities. The objectives of the study were to determine the commonly reported menopausal symptoms among middle age women and to correlate identified menopausal problems with coping strategies found in participants.Methods: By using modified MRS questionnaire, 150 menopausal women aged 40-60 years were interview to document of 12 symptoms (divided into somatic, psychological and urogenital domain) commonly associated with menopause.Results: The mean age of menopause was 49.8 years (±4.9) (range 43 - 57 years). The most prevalent symptoms reported were joint and muscular discomfort (70.6%); physical and mental exhaustion (61.3%); and sleeping problems (59.3%). Followed by symptoms of anxiety (48.6%); irritability (45.3%) hot flushes and sweating (38.6; dryness of vagina (37.9%); depressive mood (38.0%). Other complaints noted were incontinence/Frequency of urine (27.3 and heart discomfort (23.3%). Perimenopausal women (47.2%) experienced higher prevalence of somatic and psychological symptoms compared to premenopausal (n=15.6) and postmenopausal (37.2%) women. However urogenital symptoms found more in postmenopausal group of women. There is a strong significant association between the menopausal symptoms and coping strategies adopted by the menopausal women.Conclusions: Symptoms have variable onset in relation to menopause. Some women experience symptoms earlier during perimenopause while some experience them at a later time. The application of various coping methods, including the establishment of social support networks, is warranted to enhance postmenopausal women’s behaviors in different aspects.
Study to assess the labour room standards of 24×7 PHCs in Kurnool district
Authors: Ganapa Praveena , Arepalli Sreedevi , Guthi Visweswara Rao
Published: September 2018

Background: Most of the causes of maternal and neonatal mortality were preventable through effective primary health care. Primary health care is essential to provide maternal and child health care especially in rural areas. The objective of this study is to assess the labour room standards of 24×7 PHCs in the Kurnool district.Methods: This study is a facility based cross sectional study carried out from November 2014-May 2015 in administrative limits of Kurnool district. Questionnaire is attempted to assess the standards of labour room of that PHC by obtaining information about following standards - Infrastructure in labour room, Infection Prevention, Drugs and supplies etc.Results: Majority (66.67%) of 24×7 PHCs had availability of <6 beds and 33.33% of 24×7 PHCs had availability of ≥6 beds. All PHCs had availability of stepping stool, ensured privacy during delivery and new born care corner. All PHCs had availability of running water facility, majority of PHCs (90.47%) had availability of antiseptics, 14/21 (66.67%) of PHCs had provision of HLD and 12/21 (57.14%) of PHCs had provision of sterilization facilities. no PHC had availability of functional ambulance and all PHCs were utilizing 108 facility for referral transport.Conclusions: Availability of infrastructure facilities, infection prevention facilities, equipment and laboratory services were adequate in most of the PHCs. No PHCs were practicing segregation of bio medical wastes and there was deficiency in availability of antiseptics. No PHCs were provided with ambulance facility which was major concern in addressing the second delay.
METAPHORS METAMORPHOSES AT THE DISCOURSES BORDER (MODERN DRAMA THROUGH THE EYES OF A PSYCHOLOGIST)
Authors: Biryukova E. E.
Published: September 2018

The article offers a look at the metaphor as the mechanism of art reception process and at the same timeas the mechanism of consciousness organization together with the unconscious area. The idea is expressedthat in this case the traditional conceptual apparatus of philological science acts as an instrument ofrationalization of the sense of unity with the text, known to any reader. It is assumed that a reader/viewerholistic emotional impression can be considered in a broad psychological context associated with themetaphorization and synesthesia phenomenas.The perception of an art work is defined as a specific communicative act in which the intention of thesubject reception its ability and readiness for an aesthetic experience, a kind of openness to the text and the corresponding art work potential readiness to be experienced play a decisive role. This ability ofthe text to resonate with reader and viewer conscious and unconscious is associated with the specifics of thetext metaphorical structure and the features of identification and experience of metaphor subject.The author reveals the idea that metaphor is the language of the internal psyche structure and at the sametime the mechanism of translation into the sphere of consciousness. From this point of view the authorshow some trends of modern drama: the attraction to the incarnation of metaphors, the object-game.The examples of modern dramaturgic works show how the metaphor is able to accumulate the viewerreceptive activity.The idea that the nature of catharsis lies in the point of the opening access to the unconscious andbecomes possible due to the universal metaphorization portal is emphasized
PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS AND THEIR TRANSLATION IN «PRUSSIAN OFFICER» BY D.H. LAWRENCE
Authors: Gololobova N. I.
Published: September 2018

The main goal of the article is the analysis of phraseological units found in «The Prussian Officer» by D.H. Lawrence, including phraseological units (here and after referred to as «PU») with author’s modifications, and review of translation of these PUs from English into Russian. The article begins with the description of one of the leading motives in works of D.H. Lawrence, brief introductory comments on the novel «The Prussian officer», researcher’s findings concerning the character of the PUs and reasons for their selection. In the main body of the article, there is the survey of PUs found in the novel. The total number of reviewed PUs is 40. The PUs are studied with the aim to find out as to whether the author’s modifications are in place according to the classification of the leading representatives of the Kazan linguistic school. Further on, there is a review of the classification of the major methods of translation of PU including those with the author’s transformations and without them. After that, every single act of selected PU’s translation is investigated. Maria Koreneva (the official translator) performed the translation under review. And, finally, in the end of the article the conclusion is drawn, considering the fact that PU and its modifications present a challenge to translators of fiction. As for the translation of the studied PU it was proved that despite of the presence of some inaccuracies in the translation into the Russian language, on the whole, the Russian translation of the novel is a good one.
ABOUT EXPERIMENTAL PROJECT TEACHING OF ENGLISH WRITING AND COMPOSITION WITH THE USE OF THE ACTIVE TECHNOLOGY-ENHANCED ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Nedbailik S. R. , Staton M. S.
Published: September 2018

This paper deals with an experimental project method applying in teaching English writing and composition in an American higher school. The authors describe their impressions of a joint research, started in the autumn of 2012 and having been carried out in Ball State University (Muncie, Indiana, USA) with several groups of scholars within three terms in the frame of ILS (Interactive Learning Space) multi-stage project. In this connection they touch upon such most problematic aspects as: interactive environment-enhanced writing and composition teaching specific aspects; project activity different forms and types using possibilities; collaborative projects implementing into educational practice advantages and problems; working out assignments, tasks and tests specially aimed at active, individual, personally oriented students, learning; modern computer equipment and digital devices, in particular, newest types applying, etc. The detailed statistical review of experiment project work results given in the article proves the effectiveness of research project methods use in teaching writing and composition in higher schools. Basing on the multi-aspect analysis of vast theoretical and practical material presented in the research the authors come to a well founded conclusion that teaching process general intensifying by means of newest interactive technologies mass introducing on all levels of modern education system can doubtlessly provide success, high results and good prospects of humanities and other subjects teaching on the whole, as well as their particular aspects practical learning.
ON THE ISSUE ABOUT LEVELS OF UNDERSTANDING OF A LITERARY TEXT
Authors: Chernyavskaya N. A.
Published: September 2018

In the article the problem of plurality of interpretations of a literary text is investigated. The article develops new aspects of typology of understanding, according to which linguoconceptual analysis of the short story by V. Shukshin «I want to live» is carried out. The plurality of interpretations of a literary text is explained by the objective properties of the text itself and by the peculiarities of the perceiving consciousness.The principal properties of a literary text are the presence of implicit meanings, subtext and the ability of linguistic units to a semantic increment: the word in the work of art expresses more than it means in thesystem of language, acquires a symbolic or individual author’s meaning or actualizes several of its meanings. The possibility of discovering and understanding of these features depends on the degree of social, mentaland linguistic development of the individual. The relationship between the level of understanding and the generation of different interpretations of the same text is established. At the semantic level of understanding, the reader is limited to the event series of the literary text. At the cognitive level of understanding, a more developed linguistic personality focuses not so much on the factual as on the conceptual information explicated in the text. The highest level of understanding of the literary text – approaching to the author’s idea – is determined by the reader’s ability to catch not only explicit conceptual information, but also implicit, which is hidden behind repetitive details and images and reflects the author’s experience of mastering reality. The plurality of interpretations often reveals a semantic inversion, which can be manifested even in the interpretation of realistic texts. The typology of understanding reflects the degree of complexity of the process of interpretation of a literary text and opens up opportunities for the development of a linguistic personality.
INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF POST-WAR SOVIET CITY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CHEREPOVETS)
Authors: Karpov A. V.
Published: September 2018

This article is devoted to the industrial development problems in the provincial city of Cherepovets in the second half of the 1940. During the war, Cherepovets was the closest nonoccupied city to the besieged Leningrad with a population just over 30 thousand people. The city was regularly bombed by the German air force. However, it did not lead to a serious destruction of infrastructure. The main difficulties of urban enterprises in the postwar years are considered in the article. The author points out factors which were positively influencing the development of Cherepovets industry. This includes the lack of destruction of the infrastructure, buildings and equipment during the Great Patriotic War, as well as an advantageous geographical position and a well-developed transport infrastructure. The building process of new important industrial enterprises wasn’t stopped during the war. The long-awaited construction of a shipyard was completed in this period. The decision to built a metallurgical plant in Cherepovets is a very important moment in the regional history. It has affected the development of every sphere in the city. These advantages allowed the urban industry to fulfil the five-year plan ahead of schedule and surpass the pre-war figures by 70 % in 1950. At the same time, the industrial process was not quite effective, despite being ahead of plan. The strong disproportions in development of the light industry were peculiar for many Cherepovets companies. While some enterprises demonstrated phenomenal growth rates of productivity, others were in a state of deep crisis. Post-war production, in general, was not focused on the consumer goods production. This led to the failure of production plans for consumer goods, low-quality products and high costs. These products were mostly unavailable to the population. Such a situation was natural since the focusing on the industrial development was on group «A». Especially since the beginning of the Cold War and the questions of supplying the population with consumer goods receded into the background.
RUSSIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM AS A CHANNEL FOR ACCULTURATION AND MODERNIZATION OF CONSCIOUSNESS OF NOMADIC KAZAKHS OF THE XVIII AND BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURIES
Authors: Kovalskaya S. I. , Lyubichankovsky S. V.
Published: September 2018

In this article, we will try, first of all, to understand how the education system becomes one of the main channels of modernization and acculturation reforms. How does education affect the process of emancipation of a person, the formation of the intelligentsia, the awakening of national identity and the emergence of various, including radical political doctrines in social and political thought, some of which directly led to a change in the political power of state. Secondly, we will try to analyze this problem by actively involving the works of Kazakhstani, Russians and foreign English-speaking researchers on the introduction of the education system among non-Russian peoples of the Russian Empire and then the USSR.In this article, we will try to analyze the process of penetration of the idea of education into the Kazakh society, as well as the formation of Russian and then Soviet educational policy towards the Kazakhs. As a result, a critical mass of representatives of the Kazakh intelligentsia was formed, all thoughts and aspirations of which began to revolve around the idea of their own national development and the realization of an independent national project, which became possible on the wave of Russian revolutions of the early 20th century.The main method of research is a historiographic analysis of the works of leading specialists in the field under study. The method of comparative studies became the main one in analyzing the approaches that exist in historiography. In addition, methods of retrospective and prospective analysis were actively used too.Sources of study were various types of documents. Among them, there are state legislative acts of various levels, as well as individual works of representatives of the Kazakh intelligentsia. In addition, the analysis involved the works of Western scholars who develop this problem in a comparatively aspect.The main conclusion boils down to the assertion that education, opening the prospects for development, maximally contributes to the emancipation of man, becomes the main means of its liberation and struggle for political purposes, actively stimulating the processes of formation of national self-consciousness and nation building.
IMAGES OF WRITERS-CLASSICS IN MODERN RUSSIAN DRAMA
Authors: Pieczynski Ì.
Published: September 2018

Modern Russian playwrights lead the game with traditional meanings of the category of an author. In this paper, different versions of classical writers’ images in the contemporary Russian dramaturgy are considered. While in some plays the author is «dying» and giving his way to a scriptor, who only rewrites the literary tradition, in others the writer becomes one of the characters. Anyway, playing with the category of the Author always means playing with the text, texts, or with the space of this writer’s creativity as well. Therefore, the article uses the intertextual method in the process of investigation. When analyzing, the classification of intertextual links developed by Natalya Fateeva on the basis of Gérard Genette and Peeter Torop’s theoretical works turned out to be particularly useful. According to this concept, the following varieties of dialogues with the literary tradition could be distinguished: directly intertextual, hypertextual and metatextual. It should be noted that contemporary Russian playwrights by transforming the ideological component (as in the case of intertexts) or the poetics of every particular creative work (as in the case of hypertexts) try to find an answer to the question how Russian literature has changed since the period of its «Golden Age».Some classic Russian men of letters are mentioned in the analyzed texts. Among them Anton Pavlovich Chekhov is undoubtedly the most popular one. Besides him there are Pushkin, Gogol, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Gilyarovsky and Griboedov as characters in the contemporary Russian plays by Ulitskaya, Levanov, Bogayev, Vyrypaev etc. All these images are combined thanks to their conditional ontological status. In the contemporary Russian drama, they do not reflect reality but they belong to the space of cultural codes, simulacra, which refer to other empty signs.