bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Russian National-State Identity: Sociocultural Imperatives of Transformation
Authors: Titov V. V.
Published: February 2020

The article analyses the main socio-cultural imperatives of the formation of the Russian nationalstate identity, which identified during politico-psychological and applied sociological studies of 2010–2018. The national-state identity is an integrated image of “us”, “ours”, which is a complex political, psychological and socio-cultural construct, the dynamics of which is due to both the transformation of the political system of contemporary Russia and a wide set of factors related to national history and culture. The most remarkable socio-cultural imperatives of the Russian national-state identity include the important role of the image of space as a symbol of “greatness” and the resource “potential” of Russia; personalization and the “polar” emotional attitude towards state power, internal imbalance of “image of historical time”, which has retrospective and mythological character in contemporary Russia.
Methodology of the Analysis of Global Socio-Political Phenomena in Pitirim Sorokin's Creativity
Authors: Osipova N. G.
Published: February 2020

Within the framework of sociological creativity of Pitirim Sorokin, special attention should be paid to the unique methodology by which this scientist carried out the analysis of large-scale social phenomena, including certainly wars and revolutions. The analysis of “an influence issue” of any global social phenomenon on the life of society is the cornerstone of this methodology. Within the framework of such an extensive problem, P. Sorokin singled out several important components of its issues, and then, for each of them, presented an overview of the accumulated knowledge, proven provisions and existing uncertainties. In general, P. Sorokin’s analysis of theories of wars and revolutions demonstrates that influences of wars and revolutions on society are complicated. Therefore, they cannot be precisely described by simple and unilateral formulas. True theory should explain when, why, under what conditions, and how any factor becomes the real cause of war and why, under what conditions, etc. it does not affect. P. Sorokin, in particular, applied this methodology to the analysis of revolutionary events in Russia in 1917.
Economic Diplomacy as a Kind of Diplomatic Activities
Authors: Lapin A. A.
Published: February 2020

The article analyses economic diplomacy through the prism of modern Russian-German relations. Russia and Germany are the two largest countries in Europe. Their bilateral relations have the appropriate weight and importance. The concept of “economic diplomacy” does not have a strictly scientific definition, despite the fact it has long been used in the practice of regulating modern international economic relations. Together, bilateral and multilateral economic diplomacy form an effective mechanism for managing global processes, both in the interests of individual countries and the world community as a whole. It is economic diplomacy that allows us to balance the results of world economic development for national economies, groups of states and entire regions, without leading to a crisis of interstate institutions, regional associations and the escalation of trade and economic conflicts. At the same time, economic diplomacy, based on significant financial, organisational, information and other resources of the state, can become — in the case of ill-considered, impulsive use — a negative factor for the world economy, violating its integrity and established sustainable interdependence. Therefore, the most important task of modern economic diplomacy is the effective integration of national interests into the overall context of sustainable development of the regional and global economy.
The Evolution of Institutional Environment of Corporate Social Responsibility in Russia
Authors: Izmailova M. A.
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the understanding of the main stages and prerequisites of the evolutionary development of socially responsible behaviour of subjects. The stages and factors of the development of socially responsible behaviour of subjects are presented in chronological order. The author emphasised that the rich experience and traditions of charity, philanthropy, philanthropy in the Russian state were destroyed by the revolution of 1917. A retrospective analysis of the evolution of social responsibility revealed a steady trend towards institutionalisation of assistance to those in need. At the present stage, the concept of corporate socialresponsibility is an effective tool for solving a wide range of economic, social and environmental problems. The author stressed that the formation of a socially oriented society is possible provided the involvement of all its institutions in the form of a consolidated solution of the whole complex of accumulated problems. The concept of corporate social responsibility is recognised as one of the tools for solving economic, social and environmental problems. The establishment of mutually beneficial relations between business and government representatives, the multiplication of the best practices of socially responsible behavior of Russian companies based on the study and adaptation of foreign standard practices, the preparation of social reporting according to international standards, the positive dynamics in the publication of non-financial reports —it all become the norm in the Russian economy. The author concluded that the current period of development of social responsibility in Russia is characterized by the primary institutionalization of corporate social responsibility with the involvement of large businesses, non-profit organizations and other stakeholders in the sustainable development of society.
Russia–US Relations and Their Syrian Chance
Authors: Mirzayan G. V.
Published: February 2020

There are a lot of common interests between Russia and the United States (if, of course, we analyse within the concept of “national interest” isolated from ideological issues and historical prejudices) — not only in the global issues (war against terrorism, non-proliferation of nuclear weapons, reduction of strategic offensive weapons), but also at the regional level. Both Moscow and Washington are interested in creation a collective security system in East Asia, which will not only help to stabilize the situation on the Korean Peninsula, but also somehow hold back Chinese expansion in the region (though Russia and the United States have a different understanding of the concept and ways of this deterrence). However, the resemblance of Russian-American relations in the Middle East region seems to be even more interesting. Even though the US and Russia are opposing each other in the Syrian field, there are common views about the future of this country and the role of Iran. Again, the space for agreement arises from the objective goals and objectives of the players, as well as the availability of resources for their implementation. The US goal is to curb Iranian expansion in the region, and since it is now impossible to squeeze Iran out of Syria and southern Iraq, Washington wants at least to dilute its influence with other players. At the same time, Russia’s goal is to consolidate its positions in the Middle East — and it is possible only if there is no dominant force in the region. Any force at all. Therefore, the Kremlin is interested in constructing a regional balance of power and is even ready to work as an intermediary between the opposing sides. But if the US wants to use this mediator, they must realise its importance and necessity.
Political Satire of M . Zadornov as a Tool for Patriotic Mobilization of the Russian Society in 2000–2010 Years
Authors: Kalitko I . I .
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the national policy problems in Russia in the 2000s. It examines such concepts as “cultural and supranational identity”, “ideology”, “spontaneous patriotism” and “patriotic mobilisation”. Periods of “perestroika” and “shock therapy” seriously influenced not only the socioeconomic state of society but also served as an impetus for the collapse of cultural identity, liberalisation of ideological orientations. It also had severe cultural and psychological consequences for Russian society, expressed in the loss of self-esteem, patriotism and the emergence of a complex of national inferiority. The article examines the features of the revival of cultural identity and patriotic mobilisation on the example of the Russian government’s action in 2000–2010, as well as the influence of informal tools for the formation and implementation of national policy through the ideological reprogramming of society using political satire of M. N. Zadornov.
Social Risks of Consumer Credit Students
Authors: Razov P. V. , Shtepa S. E.
Published: February 2020

The financial and economic sphere is very rich in all sorts of social risks since money in modern realities is one of the essential benefits for healthy existence. In this regard, significant scientific and practical importance is the study of the process of management of social risks of consumer lending to students, as well as influencing factors. The study of these issues will help to assist in minimising the risks of consumer lending, as well as to develop a strategy for introducing changes in the process of informing and issuing loans to students. The article presents the results of the author’s empirical study of social risks of consumer lending to students. We considered the categories of risk experience and risk perception of consumer lending from students. According to the results of the study, we concluded that the riskiest types of consumer financing are loans for individual entrepreneurship and operating costs. We also found that it is necessary to make all possible efforts to protect young people from risky situations and develop a program to prepare children for adulthood, forming cultural values in the early stages of adulthood.
The Nationalization of the Elite in Russia in 2010-Ies as an Element of Political System Insurance in Case of Realization of the Destructive Scenario
Authors: Salin P. B.
Published: February 2020

The relevance of this topic is due to the forthcoming of the open stage of transit of the Russian political system, which will inevitably be accompanied by a change of generations of the political elite. It raises the question of what “exit strategy” exists for the existing elite, which is now at the levers of governmental management. It will have a decisive influence on the course and outcome of the transit of the political system. The purpose of this article is to analyse the implementation of the government’s strategy for the nationalisation of the elite, which is carried out in the 2010s, to assess its progress, limitations and problems it faced. The article deals with the Russian experience of nationalisation of the elite of the last seven years, both in terms of changes in legislation and, most importantly, law enforcement and political practice. The author placed particular emphasis on the existing limitations of this project — lack of “exit strategy” of the current elite and lack of a large project that could mobilise the elite. The author concludes that the events of 2014 and the ensuing confrontation with the West have done much more to nationalise the elite than the purposeful efforts of the authorities for two years before. However, the political practice has not yet answered the key question — what will be the second stage of nationalisation of the elite, which will be completed by 2022–2024.
Cross-Cultural Analysis of Bilingualism in Preparinginternational Students for Training Professionally Oriented Disciplines
Authors: Ganina E. V. , Dubinina G. A. , Stepanyan I. K.
Published: February 2020

The practice of using two languages in teaching students, for whom at least one of them is not native, is a constant subject of teachers’ scientific discussions. The specificity of productive bilingualism in the educational environment, the need to understand, reproduce and produce foreign-language professionally oriented texts in two languages requires detailed consideration. The ratio of the two languages is another problem analysed by the authors. How the share of each language depends on the stage of training and the socio-cultural environment is the subject of research in this work. The authors consider cross-cultural differences in the initial educational training of students of the Preparatory faculty of the Financial University under the government of the Russian Federation and ways to improve their adaptation to the specificity of training in a Russian university. Particular attention is paid to the issues of language propaedeutics for mastering specialised terminology, in particular, the use of mathematical apparatus. As the authors imply, the functional and speech-dominant of students’ training is the Russian language for specific purposes, which becomes the language of a foreign student’s “survival” in the Financial University, providing him with the opportunity to study special subjects, passing tests and exams. If teaching is conducted in English, then in case of lexical difficulties, teachers of academic disciplines use Russian as a partner language, and such bilingual approach is justified, as it increases the efficiency of mastering disciplines. The article discusses the features of teaching international students mathematics through English as the language of international communication and Russian as the language of the host country. The authors analyse the program for teaching “Mathematics”, taking into account the fact that students have a different initial level of knowledge in mathematics and sometimes do not speak English or the language of the host country. The article presents a statistical analysis
Dynamics of Socio-Political Moods and an Analysis of the Election Results in the Republic of Khakassia in 2018
Authors: Belokonev S. Yu. , Ignatowski Ya. R. , Pechenkin N. M.
Published: February 2020

The article presents the data of the study of the dynamics of socio-political sentiments and analysis of the results of the elections of the Head of the Republic of Khakassia and the Supreme Council of the Republic of Khakassia in 2018. The paper attempts to determine the factors and processes of formation of protest socio-political sentiments in the Republic of Khakassia in 2018 and the degree of their influence on the vote for the head of the Republic and members of Parliament. The authors revealed the main reasons for the defeat of the last head of the Republic V. Zimin and the reasons for the victory of the new head of the Republic V. Konovalov. The main trends of socio-political attitudes in the changing political reality based on Federal, regional and municipal factors are determined. In the course of the study, we took individual in-depth interviews with 20 experts (deputies of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Khakassia, party leaders of United Russia, entrepreneurs, municipal deputies, political scientists, journalists, opposition figures, representatives of public organizations). Also, we conducted six group in-depth interviews (students, public activists, entrepreneurs, economically active population, state employees were participants of the focus groups, pensioners) and conducted a survey of public opinion on the methodology of standardized program telephone interview with a sample of 1200 respondents with representation by sex and age.
The Dynamics of Electoral Activity and Problems of Consolidation of “New Democracies” In Post-Communist European Countries
Authors: Chepel S. L.
Published: February 2020

The article deals with the dynamics of electoral activity of citizens which comes out as an important indication of the on-going process of consolidation of democracy in the post-communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe in the period from 2001 to 2018 . The comparative analysis helps to show the differences in voter’s behaviour in post-communist and post-authoritarian countries as well as to point out the peculiar impact of social, sociocultural and institutional factors on voter turnout in “new democracies” . The author stresses that sociocultural factor considered as a correlation of survival values and values of self-expression in mass conscience exerts the primary influence on the level of participation of citizens in elections . The author emphasised that the prevalence of survival values in the culture of post-communist societies is the primary reason for utilitarian relation of people to democracy . It, in its turn, contributes to decreasing participation in elections in the conditions of mass disappointment in the results of market economy reforms and low-level electoral activity later on . More to that, weak institutionalisation of political parties in post-communist countries in Central and Eastern Europe proved to be unable to hinder effectively growing absenteeism of voters .
Modern Philosophy of Azerbaijan: Achievements and Prospects of Development
Authors: Mamedzade I. R.
Published: February 2020

Disputes about what constitutes the Azerbaijani national philosophy have been going on since the 90s of the twentieth century . They were caused by a sense of crisis in Soviet Marxist ideological thought . At this time, ideas about the crisis of Marxism and the priority of liberalism, theories of civil society were broadcast from Russia . Some have since believed that there was no philosophy in Soviet times, but dogmatic communist ideology flourished . They began to believe that philosophy can exist only in their native language, and many wrote in Russian at that time, the conclusion was again appropriate, in Azerbaijan, the national philosophy is only to be held . It is thru that such prediction does not lead to deep reflections and conclusions about what modern philosophy is, how it is becoming, how it relates to its past . At the same time, it is clear that the opposition of philosophy and ideology in some cases leads either to find an answer to the question of what philosophy is and what is its relationship with ideology or to misunderstanding what philosophy is . The question of what philosophy is and creates it, philosophy . Such questioning leads to the fact that gradually there is an understanding that the socio-political and ideological dimension affects philosophy, knowledge, cognition, theory and morality all the same indirectly through several spiritual, cultural, national, ideological influences . These issues are of interest to many, and not only in Azerbaijan .
National Policy in a Multinational state: Balance of Interests or Hegemony of Powers that Be?
Authors: Seleznev P. S. , Shalaev I. L.
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the basic principles and types of implementation of national policies in multinational states . We give examples from world practice that reveal the problems of the coexistence of various nations in a single political space . In the article, the authors analyse in detail the well-known causes and models of the formation of large multi-ethnic states, in which there is an urgent need for a national policy based on certain principles that directly depend on the strategy of building the leading political institution . The author draws attention to the evolutionary variability of approaches to state-building while maintaining significant features, but adapted to modern realities . The Russian experience of interethnic interaction, national self-determination and attempts to unify cultural, confessional, linguistic identity, suppression of separatist sentiments, the reasons for the appearance of which are particularly highlighted as one of the main categories characterizing the feasibility, relevance, and foresight of the development strategy of national relations, are examined in detail . Legal consolidation of the Concept of state national policy of the Russian Federation stands out as the most democratic event in Modern Russia, aimed at maintaining state integrity, preventing separatist sentiments . We also give the classification of interethnic conflicts on various grounds known in world practice . Finally, we propose a set of measures for the long-term harmonisation of interethnic interaction in the Russian Federation .
The Use of the Questionnaire surveys for students of sociology Learning English Language
Authors: Maksimova O. I.
Published: February 2020

The use of questionnaire surveys, being one of the research methods in psychology and pedagogy, is also widely implemented as a form of control of learners’ knowledge. However, it can also perform other functions. In this article, the author considers the use of the questionnaire survey as a useful tool in the educational process. It can be a methodical approach in teaching English, a means of increasing the motivation of students to study the subject and improving the educational level, an incentive to self-analysis, understanding and evaluation of various phenomena occurring in society. The author concluded that by having an indirect impact on the personality, the survey could contribute to the achievement of the practical goal of teaching a foreign language, training and education of students.
Irredentism of Hungary, Poland and Romania in Western Ukraine in the Context of Language Policy of Kyiv
Authors: Pylova O. A.
Published: February 2020

In the severe political and economic conditions that have developed in Ukraine, fears of the policies of irredentism of neighbouring states are becoming increasingly realistic. The problem of the separation of territories and in some cases of their transfer to neighbouring states arose in Ukraine in 2014 after the Russian rejoin of the Crimea and the beginning of the crisis in the eastern part of the country. Today, special attention attracts the situation in the Donbas region, and almost no one addresses the potential problem of the same kind happening in western regions. This article attempts to identify the main goals of Ukraine’s western neighbours (Hungary, Romania, and Poland) concerning Ukraine and the humanitarian instruments of influence they use to achieve these goals. The methodology of the study has determined the structure of the article, which includes a comparative analysis of the goals and methods of the cultural and linguistic influence these states have on the population of the neighbouring territory (i.e. national minorities). Cultural and linguistic influence in this context means the cultivation of national minority languages within a limited area of their residence through education, mass media, and the organisation of programs to promote the development of cultural relations. Based on the above methodology and statistical and analytical material, the author concludes that Hungary, Romania and Poland, using similar tools to influence their national minorities, pursue different goals. Both the methods of influence and the tasks of these states I discussed in detail. Besides, one of the main conclusions drawn from the results of my study is that Hungarian, Polish and Romanian irredentism is indeed a severe risk today and deserves special attention from Ukraine.
The soviet Experience with International students: The Geopolitical Aspect
Authors: Salin P. B. , Yushkov I. V.
Published: February 2020

The relevance of this topic is due to the aggravated geopolitical confrontation in the contemporary world, as well as an increasingly noticeable emphasis on “soft power” and “smart power”. The purpose of this article is to briefly analyse the Soviet experience of using higher education as a tool of “soft power”. In this article, we divided this experience into two main stages. The first was the formation of Communist ideology as only one in the world and the beginning of its expansion (1920–1940s of the XX century.). The second one — was the stage of the bipolar world, when the USSR dealt with international students who came from the countries of “victorious socialism”. At the first stage, the education of international students could not be considered as a full-fledged tool of “soft power”, since it was more about the propaganda treatment of international students than a more subtle impact . Interaction with international students in Soviet universities at the second stage (during the cold war) had another serious flaw. Since it was about the representatives of the countries of “victorious socialism”, the ideological work was carried out on the residual principle, and the primary stress state placed on the training of technical personnel. Thus, it can be concluded that, taking into account the Soviet experience and the vagueness of spheres of influence in the contemporary world, it is advisable to rely on the involvement of international students in the Humanities, who after returning home are more likely to occupy senior positions in the state apparatus and/or become leaders of public opinion.
Institutional Features of the Neo-Weberian state Civil service in the Mechanism of Management of Modern Military Organization
Authors: Shashkin P. A.
Published: February 2020

The author examines the institutional features of the civil service in the model of the “Neo-Weberian state” regarding improving the quality of management of a modern military system. The civil service is considered as an institution for the development of human capital, an element of civil-military synergy that guarantees the stability of management and the legitimacy of political power, including defining the goals of military policy. The study analyses the main features of representation and the realisation of the interests of actors within the framework of the civil service institute to ensure high quality of cognitive management and comprehensive national security. The author analysed the institutional features of the “Neo-Weberian state” civil service model — elitism and integrativeness, and the types of relations they form — autonomy and cognitiveness, on the example of the activities of the European Defense Agency. Analysis of the institutional features of the civil service in the “Neo-Weberian state” model in the mechanism of management of a modern military system serves to determine the motives and forms for the realisation of the interests of actors in military policy, including setting political goals of war, conducting intelligence activities and organising military-civilian cooperation.
State Policy to support Manufacturing Industries of Russia under International sanctions
Authors: Tolkachev S. A. , Komolov O. O.
Published: February 2020

The article considers the problem of improving the state support system for manufacturing industries in Russia. We show that the enormous damage caused to the industry during privatisation and market reforms led to devastating consequences, compensated in recent years by a system of state support. However, it concerned only the financial and credit measures. Based on the theory of complex systems, we made a reasonable conclusion that modern industrial enterprises, of course, belong to complex rather than simple systems. At the same time, both general ideas about the economy and the system of state measures to support the industry in Russia are built based on neoclassical approaches to the object of influence as a kind of simple system. We critically analysed the import substitution policy opponents’ arguments in Russia and showed that they are aimed at “simplifying the economy”, i. e. towards the reduction of complex systems to simple ones. Based on the analysis of the database of measures to support the state industry information system (GISP), we concluded that financial and credit measures dominate over organisational and economic ones, which emphasises the prevailing wrong approach of the managing subject to the management object (manufacturing industry) as simple systems.
The Development of the Leadership Institution in the scientific, Technical, and Fundamental Research sectors in Modern Russia
Authors: Nazarova N. A. , Antonovich S. A.
Published: February 2020

The scientific team is the sum of its members, a system of joint research activities, relationships and relationships. However, it is essential to have an outstanding scientist in the team who would be able to bring up a worthy shift and introduce it into the complex and distinctive world of scientific, technical and fundamental research. In this process, the decisive role is assigned to the scientific leader. The article substantiates the increasing relevance of the leadership problem in the scientific and technical sectors and basic research at present. The authors consider the features of the formation and manifestation of leadership, as well as the contradictions in the development of the leadership institution, which give rise to these features. We paid considerable attention to the analysis of obstacles in the process of leadership formation and the directions helping to overcome them in the scientific and technical sectors and basic research.
Identification of Probiotic Potential Lactobacillus from Mandai Using Molecular Technique
Authors: Juwana Amelia , Seno Binardo Adi , Lindayani Lindayani , Hartayanie Laksmi
Published: February 2020

To date, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) still become the most beneficial microorganisms due to their probiotic potential and antimicrobial activities which able to inhibit the growth of spoilage microorganisms and pathogenic bacteria, thus can maintain the quality and hygienic of the products or host health. In Indonesia, fermented traditional foods such as tempoyak, bekasam, and sayur asin have been found to be the natural habitat of probiotic LAB. In this study, mandai, the traditional fermented food made from the fermentation of cempedak (Artocarpus champeden Spreng.) dami was explored. The aim of this research is to identify probiotic potential Lactobacillus from mandai (a traditional fermented product from dami of Cempedak) using the molecular technique (DNA fingerprinting). The methods used in this study include: screening probiotic Lactobacillus and molecular identification of potential Lactobacillus. Based on probiotic screening, 26 Lactobacillus isolates were categorized as acid tolerance and 17 isolates were considered as bile salt tolerance bacteria. Fifteen Lactobacillus isolates demonstrated excellent inhibitory properties against indicator bacteria. Due to DNA polymorphisms, all species and strains of Lactobacillus isolates were difficult to be identified accurately, however, based on phylogenetic tree isolate A14 had the most similarity with Lactobacillus vaccinostercus NRIC 0624. Isolate B30 had similarities with Lactobacillus harbinensis and Lactobacillus perolens. Isolate F71 had similarities with Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus paracasei.
Preparation of Indigenous Lactic Acid Bacteria Starter Cultures for Large Scale Production of Fermented Milk
Authors: Utami Tyas , Cindarbhumi Amaralda , Khuangga Marcella C. , Rahayu Endang S. , Cahyanto Muhammad Nur , Nurfiyani Sri , Zulaichah Eni
Published: February 2020

Lactobacillus plantarum Dad 13, an indigenous probiotic was examined its ability to be used as a single starter culture or mixed cultures with Streptococcus thermophilus Dad 11 for milk fermentation. Both cultures were isolated from dadih, a traditional fermented buffalo milk. The purposes of this study were to produce indigenous lactic acid bacteria starter cultures using halal growth medium and evaluate their application on large scale fermented milk production. The halal medium was developed using natural compounds such as sucrose, meat peptone, mung bean sprout extract, tomato extract, and young coconut water. Meat peptone was prepared by hydrolysis of halal meat using crude bromelain. Lactic acid bacteria were grown in the halal growth medium then harvested, frozen and freeze-dried. A single freeze-dried starter culture of L. plantarum Dad 13 and frozen mixed cultures of L. plantarum Dad 13 and S. thermophilus Dad 11 were prepared for production of fermented milk drink and yogurt respectively in industrial scale. The growth of these lactic acid bacteria in halal growth medium increased the viable cell to two log cycles (109 CFU/mL) for L. plantarum Dad 13 and one log cycle for S. thermophilus Dad 11 (108 CFU/mL), respectively. The viable cell of freeze-dried L. plantarum Dad 13 and S. thermophilus Dad 11 were 7.57 x 1010 CFU/g and 6.35 x 109 CFU/g, respectively. The number of viable cells and pH of both fermented milk drink and yogurt products was relatively stable to 107 CFU/mL and 108 CFU/mL, respectively during cold storage for four to six weeks. The sensory characteristics of the products were comparable to the ones using commercial starter cultures. It can be concluded that these indigenous starter cultures can be applied for the production of probiotic fermented milk.
Microbiology, Chemical, and Sensory Characteristics of
Cocoa Powder: The Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum HL-15
as Culture Starter and Fermentation Box Variation
Authors: Djaafar Titiek Farianti , Monika Dhea Cynthia , Marwati Tri , Triwitono Priyanto , Rahayu Endang Sutriswati
Published: February 2020

Cocoa powder is made from fermented cocoa beans which are separated from fat, grounded and sifted to produce a powder. The fermentation stage is an important stage in processing cocoa beans for chocolate flavor formation. The traditional fermentation done by farmer triggers fungal growth that can produce a toxin called mycotoxin. The use of lactic acid bacteria in cocoa beans fermentation has been known to inhibit the growth of mycotoxin-producing fungi. The addition of Lactobacillus plantarum HL 15 as a culture starter has known as an antifungal.  The objective of this research is to study the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum HL 15 as culture starter and fermentation box variation on microbiology, chemical and sensory characteristics of cocoa powder. Cocoa beans fermentation was conducted by starter culture addition and without starter culture addition and then using a new fermentation box and old fermentation box. The analysis of cocoa powder was carried out include water content, pH, fungi contamination, and sensory evaluation on color, flavor and taste of the cocoa powder. The result showed that water content (3.85 % to 4.55%), pH (4.85 to 4.95), and sensory evaluation is not significant differences for all treatment. The addition of Lactobacillus plantarum HL 15 as a culture starter in old and new fermentation boxes has a smaller lever of fungi contamination compare to the treatment without Lactobacillus plantarum HL 15 as culture starter.
Antioxidant Properties of Single Garlic (Allium sativum) Pickle
Authors: Wikandari* Prima Retno , Yuanita Lenny , Herdyastuti Nuniek , Bimo Herman Joseph , Juniariani Renita Eka , Cahyaningtyas Farindya Dwi
Published: February 2020

Single garlic is a type of garlic that has a single clove, also known as single clove garlic, monobulb garlic or single bulb garlic. Traditionally, single garlic was used as medicinal based on its properties as antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antimutagenic, antiplatelet, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant. The Alliin substance was presumably as an antioxidant, but it was changed easily to unstable allicin caused by Alliinase enzyme activity which is increased when garlic was chopped, crushed or processed. The change of Alliin to allicin will reduce the antioxidant activity of single garlic. A treatment that reduces the Alliinase activity will retain the Alliin substance and the antioxidant capacity could be maintained. The fermentation process will give a low pH as the result of carbohydrate metabolism in a fermentation medium, and reduce the alliinase activity. The aims of this research were to evaluate the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum B1765 as a starter culture in single garlic, pH and the effect of fermentation time process (3, 6 and 9 days)to antioxidant activity on single garlic pickle. The growth of L.plantarum B1765 was measured as Total Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) by Total Plate Count (TPC) using the MRS medium, and antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging methods, expressed as inhibition activity (%). Fermentation process along 9 days showed that  L.plantarum B1765 growth on single garlic pickles for 1 log cycles from 106 CFU/mL to 107 CFU/mL, pH reduces from 5.6 to 4.4, closely related to increasing of TAT  from 0.16 % to 0.28%. The fermentation process also showed an increase in the inhibition activity along the fermentation process from 10,67% to 11.17% and showed a higher inhibition than control (3.88%- 7.39%). Single pickled garlic can be potentially developed as natural antioxidant health food.
İŞLETMELERİN STRATEJİLERİ ile İNSAN KAYNAKLARI YÖNETİMİNİ UYUMLAŞTIRMANIN ÖNEMİ ÜZERİNE LİTERATÜRDEKİ TARTIŞMALAR ve UYGULAMADAN ÖRNEKLER
Authors: ÇUBUKCU Murat
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmamızda, işletmelerin stratejileri ile insan kaynakları yönetimini uyumlaştırmanın önemi üzerine literatürdeki tartışmalara odaklanılmaktadır. Ayrıca konu hakkındaki literatür çerçevesinde Türkiye’de ki büyük ölçekli işletmelerin insan kaynakları yönetimi ile uyguladıkları stratejiler, uygulamadan örnekleri ile birlikte kuramsal olarak ortaya konulmuştur. İşletmelerin insan kaynakları yönetimi ile uyguladıkları stratejilerin uyumu hakkında ki tartışma ve ulaşılan sonuçlarla, işletmelerin mevcut durumlarına ayna tutmak ve gelecek için öngörü oluşturarak literatürdeki ilgili tartışmaları tespit etmek ve aynı zamanda ilgili alan yazınına anlamlı bir katkı sunmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, işletmelerde uygulanan stratejiler ile insan kaynağı ve yönetiminin uyumunun önemi, literatürdeki tartışmalar ışığında, Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren büyük ölçekli işletmelerin stratejik insan kaynakları uygulamalarından örnekler ile sunulmuştur. İçerik analizi yapılarak işletmelerin internet sitelerinden, kitaplardan ve makalelerden elde edilen bilgilerin bir anlam kazandırılması amacıyla sistematik olarak incelenmesi için bilgilerin elde edildiği şekilde alıntılar şeklinde aktarılmıştır. Makale konumuz ile ilgili kaynakların gözden geçirilmesi, görüşler, tutumlar ve betimlemelerin bulunması sağlanmıştır. Çalışmamızda Türkiye’de sektörlerinde önde gelen büyük ölçekli ve kasti örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen işletmelerin kurumsal profilleri, misyon ve vizyon ifadeleri ve uyguladıkları bazı stratejiler, örnekleri ile ortaya konulmuştur. Yapılan yazın taraması sonucunda, işletmelerde uygulanan stratejiler ile insan kaynaklarının uyumlaştırılması konusunun önemli bir tartışma alanı olduğu görülmüştür. Makalemizde, işletmelerin iç ve dış çevre koşullarına ve sahip oldukları kaynak ve yeteneklerine uygun seçtikleri stratejilerini insan kaynakları ile uyumlaştırarak, taşıdıkları misyon ve öngördükleri vizyon ifadelerine yansıtılarak kurumsal profillerini oluşturdukları, yapılan yazın taraması sonucunda tespit edilmiş ve konu hakkındaki literatürdeki tartışmalar ortaya konulmuştur. Konunun uygulanabilirliğinin desteklenmesi amacıyla, seçilen işletmelerde ki stratejik insan kaynakları yönetimi örnekleri ile açıklanmıştır.
AKADEMİSYENLERİN SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK ALGILARININ SOSYAL YENİLİKÇİLİK DAVRANIŞLARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNDE BİREYSEL YARATICILIĞIN ARACILIK ROLÜ
Authors: ESEN Dilek , ESEN Murat , KAYA ÖZBAĞ Gönül
Published: February 2020

Bu araştırmada, sürdürülebilirlik algısı ve sosyal yenilikçilik davranışı ilişkisinde, bireysel yaratıcılığın aracı rolünün olup olmadığının ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Üniversitelerin sürdürülebilirlik, sosyal yenilikçilik ve bireysel yaratıcılık konularındaki çabaları faydaya dönüştürme noktasında önemli rolleri olduğu, bu kurumlarda görev yapan akademisyenlerin ise farkındalık düzeylerinin nispeten daha yüksek olduğu düşünülmüştür. Bu nedenle araştırmanın evreni, 2018-2019 yılında Türkiye’deki devlet üniversitelerinde görev yapan akademisyenlerden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcılar kolayda örneklem yöntemi seçilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında, Sürdürülebilirlik Algısı Ölçeği (Kaya, 2013), Sosyal Yenilikçilik Ölçeği (Halaç ve diğerleri, 2014), Bireysel Yaratıcılık Ölçeği (Tierney, 1999) kullanılmıştır. Analizler, 139 soru formu üzerinden yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın hipotezleri test etmek amacıyla Anova testi, t testi, korelasyon ve aracı değişken analizleri SPSS 23.0 programı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, Sürdürülebilirlik Algısının, Sosyal Yenilikçilik ve Bireysel Yaratıcılık üzerinde, Bireysel Yaratıcılığın ise Sosyal Yenilikçilik üzerinde anlamlı etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, Sürdürülebilirlik Algısı ve Sosyal Yenilikçilik ilişkisinde Bireysel Yaratıcılığın kısmi aracılık etkisinin olduğu bulgulanmıştır.
ÖZEL SEKTÖRDE İSTİHDAMIN ARTIRILMASINDA ETKİLİ OLAN FAKTÖRLERİN ANALİZİ
Authors: ÖZTÜRK A. Turan , ALP Tuncay
Published: February 2020

Günümüz ekonomik koşulları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, bireylerin geçimlerini asgari düzeyde sağlamak amacıyla belli bir ücret karşılığında çalışması kuşkusuz gereklidir. Bireylerin ilgi ve yetenekleri doğrultusunda açık iş pozisyonlarında üretim faaliyetlerinde bulunması ve sürekliliğinin sağlanması son derece önemlidir. Dolayısıyla istihdam sürekliliğinin sağlanması amacıyla bireylerin ilgi ve yetenekleri doğrultusunda yapabilecekleri işlere yönlendirmek gereklidir. Türkiye’de istihdam faaliyetleri, Türkiye İş Kurumu tarafından uygulanan aktif ve pasif işgücü istihdam politikaları vasıtasıyla yürütülmektedir. İstihdam faaliyetlerinin yeterince yapılamaması ya da eksik yapılması işsizlik sorununu beraberinde getirecektir. Türkiye İş Kurumu tarafından aktif işgücü politikalarından iş ve meslek danışmanlığı hizmetleri, işgücü yetiştirme kursları (UMEM, İEP, TYP), dezavantajlı gruplara yönelik düzenlenen meslek eğitim kursları ve pasif işgücü politikası olan işsizlik sigortası hizmetlerinin 2010-2015 yıllarını kapsayan verileri analiz edilerek, literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda Türkiye İş Kurumu tarafından istihdama katkı sağlayan hizmetlerin daha iyi seviyelere ulaşabilmesi için önerilerde bulunulmuş, devam eden hizmetlerin olumsuz yönleri ortaya konularak gerekli düzenlenmeleri içeren öneriler ortaya konulmuştur.
STRATEGIC ANALYSIS: A RESEARCH ON FURNITURE SECTOR
Authors: YEĞİN Tuğba
Published: February 2020

Strategic management generally refers to the objectives of the enterprises and the ways they will follow in order to achieve these objectives. The implementation of a successful strategic management process helps to better evaluate internal and external opportunities and to take more appropriate measures to eliminate threats. SWOT analysis, which includes strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, is a technique that helps researchers or planners set and prioritize business objectives and further identify strategies to achieve them. The main purpose of this study is to present the current state of the furniture sector in Turkey and meta-analysis and analysis with a qualitative perspective. The furniture sector is one of the most developed in the world. Turkey, wooded area to be used in furniture production for raw materials is a wide geographical reach is much easier than in other countries. In order to evaluate all industrial conditions, the furniture sector is dealt with in SWOT view. Depending on the SWOT outputs, some relevant strategies are discussed. Estimates were interpreted in the light of a case study on practices and conditions in a furniture business in Karabük. Implementing a successful strategic management process in the furniture sector, which we are focusing on, will help to better evaluate internal and external opportunities and to take more appropriate measures to eliminate threats. This enterprise, which has a fragile structure especially in terms of demand and competition in the face of global developments, has to open up the concept of strategic management in order to better position against future uncertainties.
Degradation of the Vila Maria Spring in Garanhuns–PE
Authors: Bezerra João Vitor de Almeida , Andrade Jeisiane Santos , Melo Felippe Pessoa de , Vigoderis Ricardo Brauer , Galvíncio Josiclêda Domiciano , Souza Werônica Meira de
Published: February 2020

This research aimed to analyze the degradation of the Vila Maria spring, located in the Magano neighborhood in the municipality of Garanhuns in the state of Pernambuco. The municipality’s terrain is marked by undulated landform, especially hills, which allied to the accelerated rhythm of urban expansion without adequate planning, resulted in the occupation of risk areas such as slopes as well as environmental protection areas such as the adjacencies of springs. The analysis was carried out through a terrain modeling process in a geoprocessing environment and by data collected on visits to the study area. An analysis of the region’s NDVI from years 2008 to 2018 was also performed. The analysis confirmed the Vila Maria spring’s water degradation and found that it was aggravated by an inadequate disposal of rainwater through surface water drains which contributed to the intensification of erosive processes that generated a gully in the vicinity. The NDVI analysis found low average values with an increase from 2008 to 2018 during the wet season. This fact can be explained by the constant urban expansion which as has been utilizing slopes from the microbasin for the disposal of rainwater which allied to the constant flow of the Vila Maria spring, provides a constant supply of water to the vegetation cover. Moreover, it was possible to observe the misuse of the spring’s water flow by the public administration which has most of its flow integrated to the surface water drainage system and it is disposed at the bottom of the slope going through a high risk of contamination.
Use of Vegetation Cover Index (ICV) to Identify Susceptible Areas to Desertification Process in the Municipalities of Betânia, Floresta and Itacuruba, Pernambuco, Brazil
Authors: Alves Rayanna Barroso de Oliveira , Silva Hernande Pereira da , Araújo Filho José Coelho de , Domingues Marco Antonio de Oliveira , Albuquerque Jones de Oliveira
Published: February 2020

Climate change in Brazil has led to an increase in temperature and changes in the distribution of climatic extremes, such as droughts, droughts, floods and floods. This is potentialized when it comes to the semi-arid Northeast. Environmental studies related to this theme are in constant development. For this, the geotechnologies are of great importance for the environmental studies, since they allow the acquisition and analysis of information of use of the ground, vegetal cover and phenomena of the nature. In the present work, the Vegetation Cover Index was studied using remote sensing and geoprocessing techniques through the digital processing of images acquired in the years 2000 to 2015 of the LANDSAT satellites of three municipalities of Pernambuco to observe the vegetation cover in the said temporal space with the degraded areas possibly resulting from the desertification process in the region. Thus, it was found that the municipalities of Betânia and Itacuruba have very high vulnerability (0.75 and 1, respectively). On the other hand, the municipality of Floresta presented a high vulnerability of ICV (0.5), as the vegetation deficit influences hydrological dynamics, soil protection, climatic stability and thermal influence, corroborating the desertification process.