bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Municipal Waste Development and Management in Self-Governing Regions of Slovakia
Authors: Taušová Marcela , Mihaliková Eva , Čulková Katarína , Stehlíková Beáta , Tauš Peter , Kudelas Dušan , Štrba Ľubomír , Domaracká Lucia
Published: July 2020

In the European Union, basic strategy results from the need to provide intelligent, sustainable, and inclusive growth, along with respect to social and economic impacts of waste treatment. The paper focuses on municipal waste and its separation. Generally, within global waste management initiatives, the main goal is to minimize the negative effects of waste on the environment, as well as to increase and optimize the sources’ efficiency in the waste economy. Research on municipal waste development and its separation was done in individual regions of Slovakia to find if socially weaker regions have worse waste treatment. The results were compared according to the waste development per inhabitant and per household, as well as through rate indexes, which are connected to relationships between waste, social, and economic indexes. The results confirmed research results from other countries that show that the volume of municipal waste is increasing due to increased living standards of inhabitants. However, on the other hand, waste separation rates also increased—mainly based on the legislative support.
Investment in Research and Development and New Technological Adoption for the Sustainable Beekeeping Sector
Authors: Vapa-Tankosić Jelena , Miler-Jerković Vera , Jeremić Dejan , Stanojević Slobodan , Radović Gordana
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this paper is to understand how members of beekeeping associations, with long-standing sustainable traditions and products with registered geographical origins, perceive the investments in research and development (R&D) and new technological adoptions. By means of a binary logistic regression, the socio-demographic factors of the members of beekeeping associations predicting the investments in R&D and new technological adoptions were analyzed. Our findings point out that higher level of education and professional beekeeping experience predicts the willingness of investing in research and development. The higher level of education positively influences the willingness to hire professional consultants or bodies for the research and development of beekeeping practices. Serbian female beekeepers, beekeepers aged more than 41 years and professionally engaged beekeepers are more likely to admit that they need support of scientific and research institutions in the further development of beekeeping practices. A higher education has been shown to significantly predict the value added hive products due to new technology adoption. There is also a positive influence of the education level on new technology adoption.
Reshaping the Traditional Pattern of Food Consumption in Romania through the Integration of Sustainable Diet Principles. A Qualitative Study
Authors: Voinea Lelia , Popescu Dorin Vicențiu , Bucur Mihaela , Negrea Teodor Mihai , Dina Răzvan , Enache Calcedonia
Published: July 2020

The Romanian traditional pattern of food consumption as a whole is no longer a reference point in shaping a healthy and sustainable food behavior due to the growing discrepancies between the return to traditions and the constraints of sustainable development, so the aim of this study is to provide solutions for reshaping the food pattern by incorporating the principles of sustainable diet. The research conducted is based on qualitative data and the semi-structured interview was used as method of data collection from a sample of 21 Romanians traditional food consumers. The study led to a typology of respondents that combines two consumption orientations, “healthy” and “convenience”, with two attitudes towards traditional diet, “hedonism” and “conformism”. Although respondents do not completely reject the idea of flexitarianism, they showed the tendency for overconsumption of meat-based traditional foods and a weak concern for environmental sustainability. For these reasons, a set of recommendations for a new model of sustainable diet for Romanian population, focused on the relationship between traditionality, sustainability, and health, was put forward. The research findings show the need for supporting nutritional education programs and extensive information campaigns targeted at Romanian consumers to encourage the adoption of flexitarian style and the switch to a more sustainable diet in the near future.
Urban Site Development as Temporal Carbon Storage—A Case Study in Germany
Authors: Hafner Annette , Slabik Simon , Storck Michael
Published: July 2020

Increasing the use of sustainably sourced wood in construction for temporal carbon storage could be one vital part in the transition towards reaching the sustainable development goals for climate action and sustainable cities and communities. This paper explains the detailed steps from the planning to the realization process and shows how building with wood could be linked to the entire process from the sales of building plots to the realization of projects. Additionally, based on EN 15978, life cycle assessment (LCA) results of the constructed buildings were conducted to calculate the realistic carbon storage and the global warming potential for all new erected buildings on the site. The case study area and living lab is a building site in Munich with 566 flats, which will be finished in 2020 and will be the largest urban timber neighborhood in Germany by then. All development activities are summarized under the concept of building an eco-city with low carbon emissions and a high standard for living for all groups of inhabitants. Eight buildings with different material selections ranging from wood-constructions to wood-concrete hybrid constructions and concrete constructions with different energy standards are environmentally assessed. Results show that about 12.5 million kg of CO2 are stored in the wooden structures over the estimated life cycle of 50 years within this neighborhood. This clearly demonstrates the potential that building with wood has for achieving climate targets. Further results show that heating energy demand and material choices have a significant influence on LCA results.
Putative Role of Arthropod Vectors in African Swine Fever Virus Transmission in Relation to Their Bio-Ecological Properties
Authors: Bonnet Sarah I. , Bouhsira Emilie , De Regge Nick , Fite Johanna , Etoré Florence , Garigliany Mutien-Marie , Jori Ferran , Lempereur Laetitia , Le Potier Marie-Frédérique , Quillery Elsa , Saegerman Claude , Vergne Timothée , Vial Laurence
Published: July 2020

African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most important diseases in Suidae due to its significant health and socioeconomic consequences and represents a major threat to the European pig industry, especially in the absence of any available treatment or vaccine. In fact, with its high mortality rate and the subsequent trade restrictions imposed on affected countries, ASF can dramatically disrupt the pig industry in afflicted countries. In September 2018, ASF was unexpectedly identified in wild boars from southern Belgium in the province of Luxembourg, not far from the Franco-Belgian border. The French authorities rapidly commissioned an expert opinion on the risk of ASF introduction and dissemination into metropolitan France. In Europe, the main transmission routes of the virus comprise direct contact between infected and susceptible animals and indirect transmission through contaminated material or feed. However, the seasonality of the disease in some pig farms in Baltic countries, including outbreaks in farms with high biosecurity levels, have led to questions on the possible involvement of arthropods in the transmission of the virus. This review explores the current body of knowledge on the most common arthropod families present in metropolitan France. We examine their potential role in spreading ASF—by active biological or mechanical transmission or by passive transport or ingestion—in relation to their bio-ecological properties. It also highlights the existence of significant gaps in our knowledge on vector ecology in domestic and wild boar environments and in vector competence for ASFV transmission. Filling these gaps is essential to further understanding ASF transmission in order to thus implement appropriate management measures.
Safety and Efficacy Evaluation of Recombinant Marek’s Disease Virus with REV-LTR
Authors: Song Cuiping , Yang Yang , Hu Jing , Yu Shengqing , Sun Yingjie , Qiu Xvsheng , Tan Lei , Meng Chunchun , Liao Ying , Liu Weiwei , Ding Chan
Published: July 2020

Recently, chickens vaccinated with the CVI988/Rispens vaccine showed increased tumor incidence. Moreover, many strains of Marek’s disease virus (MDV) that were naturally integrated with the long terminal repeat (LTR) of the avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) have been isolated, which means it is necessary to develop a new vaccine. In this study, two LTR sequences were inserted into Rispens to construct a recombinant MDV (rMDV). Then, the safety and efficacy of rMDV were evaluated separately in chickens. The growth rate curves showed that the insertion of REV-LTR into MDV enabled a faster replication in vitro than Rispens. Chickens immunized with high or repeated dose rMDV had no MD clinical signs. Further, no tumor, tissue lesions, or evident pathological changes were observed in the chicken organs. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and virus isolation revealed that rMDV had the ability to spread horizontally to non-immunized chickens and had no impact on the environment. After five passages in chickens, there were no obvious lesions, and the LTR insertion was stable. There were also no deletions or mutations, which indicates that rMDV is safe in chickens. In addition, rMDV has an advantage over Rispens against vvMDV Md5 at low doses. All results demonstrate that the transgenic strain of rMDV with REV-LTR can be used as a live attenuated vaccine candidate.
Seroprevalence of Immunoglobulin G Antibodies Against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Dogs Bred in Japan
Authors: Kuribayashi Takashi , Cossu Davide , Momotani Eiichi
Published: July 2020

In this study, the seroprevalence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in dogs bred in Japan was evaluated. Ninety-two non-clinical samples were obtained from three institutes and fifty-seven clinical samples were obtained from a veterinary hospital in Japan. Serum titers of total IgG, IgG1 and IgG2 isotype antibodies against MAP were measured using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The IgG antibodies against MAP in non-clinical serum obtained from three institutes was observed to be 2.4%, 20% and 9.0%. Similarly, the IgG1 antibodies titers against MAP were observed to be 7%, 20% and 0%. Lastly, the IgG2 antibodies against MAP were observed to be 7%, 20% and 4.4%. No significance differences in these titers were observed among the three institutes. The IgG, IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies in serum obtained from a veterinary hospital were observed to be 55.3%, 42% and 42%, respectively. Significant differences were found between the non-clinical and clinical samples. The titers in the clinical samples showed a high degree of variance, whereas low variance was found in the non-clinical samples. The IgG antibody levels were thought to be induced following exposure to MAP-contaminated feed. The difference in titers between the clinical and non-clinical samples is likely to be related to the amount of MAP antigen contamination in dog foods.
Features and methods of assessing health-related quality of life and cognitive functions in patients with glial tumors
Authors: Arsenyeva Vera , Martynov Boris , Bulyshchenko Gennadiy , Svistov Dmitriy , Gaydar Boris , Nagibovich Oleg , Litvinenko Igor , Prokudin Mikhail
Published: July 2020

Gliomas make up about 8 cases per 100,000 population and the number of patients with this disease is only increasing. There can be not only various types of neurological deficits among the symptoms, but also personal and emotional changes, that seriously affects the quality of life. The modern model of health care includes not only recovery of the patient’s physical functions, but also his or her psychosocial well-being. In particular, the assessment and study of the characteristics of health-related quality of life, as well as cognitive functions in patients with gliomas, is increasingly recognized as an important criterion when considering the effectiveness of treatment. To date, the features of health related quality of life and cognitive functions of patients with epilepsy and acute cerebral circulation disorders have been studied sufficiently, and, as a result, techniques have been developed that accurately assess the QOL and CF in patients with these diseases. These are QOLIE-31 and QOLIE-AD-48 questionnaires for patients with epilepsy. This is the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Orgogozo stroke scale (OSS), World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) scale for the clinical assessment of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) for patients with acute cerebrovascular accident. At the same time, there are no generally accepted methods for assessing quality of life and neurocognitive functions that are sensitive to changes in the condition of patients with gliomas in the early postoperative period by the time of discharge from the hospital. As a result, there is no systematic information on the dynamics of the quality of life of such patients, their neurocognitive functioning. The purpose of this article was to study the literature on QOL and CF in patients affected by neurological and neurosurgical disorders for the further selection of optimal methods for assessing dynamics of the condition of patients with glial brain tumors before and after surgery. At the moment, such requirements are only partially met by the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire and its application EORTC QLQ-BN20.
Study of the influence of anxiety on the parameters of hand tapping in patients with postoperative epilepsy in comparison with the group of healthy volunteers
Authors: Narodova E. , Shnayder N. , Narodov A. , Dmitrenko D.
Published: July 2020

The presented work devoted to hand tapping is intended to lay foundations in a theoretical basis for the development of a new direction of non-drug disease-modifying therapy for structural focal epilepsy, implemented through the formation of a new dominant “healthy system” based on the distraction of the patient and switching of attention.
Influence of general anesthesia on the postsurgery delirium and cognitive dysfunction onset in the elderly. Last decade research
Authors: Ivolgin Aleksandr , Litvinenko Igor , Khritinin Dmitriy , Alekhnovich Aleksandr
Published: July 2020

Surgery and anesthesia produce a relatively stronger adverse effect on the elderly than on a younger brain, which manifests itself in a greater prevalence of post-surgery delirium (PSD) and post-surgery cognitive dysfunction (PSCD). Post-surgery delirium and cognitive dysfunction delay the recovery and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality among elderly surgical patients. In the past decade, there has been growing concern about whether anesthesia may be harmful to the brain of an elderly patient as they often experience post-surgery cognitive failure.
Attitude of the Population to the Problems of Organ Donation and Transplantation and Its Forming Factors (on the example of hospital patients)
Authors: Romanov Sergey
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the need of popularizing the ideas of organ donation among the population of Russia. Using 250 patients in a hospital as an example, the author investigated the subjective position of respondents to organ donation. In addition, the significance of the influence of various media on the population in this matter has been studied.
Natural remedies for the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI)
Authors: Korshikova Yuliya
Published: July 2020

The article provides data on the feasibility of using herbal medicine and aromatherapy for acute respiratory viral infections as preventive and treatment measures, as well as the need for a reasonable assessment of the protective reactions of the body.
Telemedicine technologies as a tool to increase the availability of health care for the population at the present stage: key problems and development prospects
Authors: Smyshlyaev Alexey , Melnikov Yuri , Shakhabov Islam
Published: July 2020

Telemedicine is the remote provision of medical services to patients and continuing education for health workers as part of digital healthcare. In 2019 the telemedicine market was estimated at 37.4 billion US dollars, the expected growth by 2022 could reach more than 18% annually. Many countries spend significant funds on the development and production of digital medical technology with the ability to transfer data. In most countries of the EU, telemedicine is an auxiliary technology in the implementation of medical care. In the EU there are no common standards in the field of telemedicine services and common approaches to determining the content of telemedicine. In a number of countries, including the Russian Federation, the main limiting factor hindering the development of telemedicine is the financial issue due to the high cost of telemedicine technologies and the underdevelopment of technical equipment. An urgent issue is the protection of patient privacy and confidentiality. The regulatory framework for digital healthcare in Russia is poorly developed and requires significant additions. Today, the main problem for medical organizations that are going to provide services through telemedicine is the need to use a unified system of identification and authentication of participants. Significant legislative work is required to remove barriers to the further development of digital health.
Mathematical modeling of COVID-19 dynamics in a large industrial region of the Russian Federation
Authors: Berdutin Vitaliy , Zaporozhtsev Aleksandr
Published: July 2020

Analysis and mathematical modeling of outbreaks of infectious diseases play an important role in planning the response of the regional authorities and the health system to the epidemic. The article discusses models of the epidemic spread of viral diseases, the dynamics of which are described by SIR-SEIR systems of differential equations in partial derivatives among the population of a large industrial region. The main goal of the authors of the methodology was to provide the necessary information for planning and decision-making in the regional health system.
Assessment of the epidemic situation in the diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus infection in persons 15 years and older with a description of the clinical case
Authors: Kulikova M. , Solomay T.
Published: July 2020

In order to assess the epidemic situation in the diagnosis of infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, a retrospective epidemiological analysis of the incidence of infectious mononucleosis for the period from 1990 to 2018 was conducted in the Moscow region using generally accepted methods of statistical data processing. The description of the clinical case was based on the results of dynamic observation of the patient reflected in the outpatient chart. It is shown that against the background of increasing morbidity rates, there is an epidemiological problem with infectious mononucleosis. Despite the fact that children 0–14 years old are traditionally at risk for infectious mononucleosis, the epidemic process involves the adult population, whose incidence rates also tend to increase. The growth rate of in dicators in the age groups 0–14 and 15 years and older is comparable. The active form of EBV infection in adults can occur in the form of reactivation, which is illustrated by the clinical case described in the article. This case of reactivation of EB infection in an adult clearly illustrates the need to assess the current epidemic situation in differential diagnosis and inform clinicians of different specialties on the epidemiology of EB infection.
The influence of working conditions in the basic branches of animal husbandry on the nosological structure of occupational morbidity of workers
Authors: Bezrukova G. , Shalashova M. , Novikova T. , Spirin V.
Published: July 2020

On the basis of updated data, the influence of working conditions on the nosological structure of professional morbidity of workers in the basic branches of animal husbandry of the Russian Federation is analyzed. In total, from 2011 to 2017, occupational diseases were detected in 823 livestock workers, who received 881 diagnoses, of which the share of cattle breeders, poultry breeders and pig breeders accounted for 95,0, 3,4 and 1,6 % of cases, respectively. Harmful labor factors that cause the formation of professional pathology in livestock breeders were: physical overload (64,6 %), industrial contact with cattle infected with Brucella abortus bovis (32,6 %) and the presence of dust in the work area containing toxic chemicals and aggressive biological mixes (2,3 %). A high etiopathogenetic relationship between the nosological form of the disease and working conditions in the profession was revealed. In livestock workers, occupational diseases were formed under the influence of physical overloads (64,6 %) and infection with the brucellosis pathogen (34,6 %); in pig farming, as a result of the severity of labor (84.5 %) and air pollution of the working area with dust, chemical toxicants and biologically active substances (7,7 %); in poultry farming, occupational health risk was associated with allergization of working with poultry products (50 %) and physical overloads (42,9 %). In the nosological spectrum of accumulated occupational diseases of livestock workers, the first rank places were occupied by residual brucellosis (32,6 %), radiculopathy of the cervical and lumbo-sacral levels (25,8 %), mono- and polyneuropathy (25,2 %), arthrosis and polyarthrosis (8,2 %), shoulder and shoulder periarthrosis (5,4 %). In poultry workers ¾ respiratory diseases: allergic bronchial asthma (39,3 %), allergic rhinopharyngitis (10,7 %) and cervical and lumbo-sacral radiculopathy (21,4 %). Pig workers were mainly diagnosed with cervical and lumbo-sacral radiculopathy (46,2 %), mono- and polyneuropathy (23,1 %), shoulder periarthrosis (15.4 %).
Changes in rheological properties of blood in smoking women of fertile age
Authors: Dzyubaylo A. , Lotkov V.
Published: July 2020

The interrelation of Smoking and changes of rheological properties of blood of women of fertile age is studied and established. On the basis of the Samara city polyclinic, the results of blood parameters were studied in 107 smokers and 136 non-smokers of fertile age, observed in the women’s clinic. The study found that Smoking helps to reduce blood clotting time, increase the number of red blood cells, blood hemoglobin. Under the influence of Smoking increases blood coagulating activity. Cessation of Smoking causes a decrease in hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration. Active detection of Smoking adolescents, as well as Smoking relatives in the family, preventive measures, including the organization of schools for the treatment of tobacco dependence, will significantly reduce the likelihood of severe chronic multiple organ disease.
F.G. Krotkov and T.E. Boldyrev, heads of the Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Country, are participants of the Great Patriotic War
Authors: Belyaev E. , Podunova L.
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the life history of two great people — Fedor Grigoryevich Krotkov and Tikhon Efimovich Boldyrev. Both of them were participants of the great Patriotic war and in different years — heads of the sanitary and epidemiological service of our country.
Clinical status, comorbidity and coping strategies for vibration disease
Authors: Babanov Sergey , Baraeva Rimma , Borzykh Ekaterina , Tatarovskaya Natalya
Published: July 2020

The article describes the features of behavior in difficult life situations of VB patients of various shapes and severity. Testing was carried out using the Lazarius copying test on the basis of the occupational pathology department of the Samara Health Unit No. 5 of the Kirov District State Health Institution SB. Non-adaptive coping strategies were identified for patients with WB: «confrontation», «acceptance of responsibility», «flight — avoidance», «planning».
Hypodynamia of the population and ways to overcome it
Authors: Mavrina Liana , Timeriyanova Lilia
Published: July 2020

The relevance of the problem. The article considers one of the most important problems of humankind — physical inactivity, which is an important risk factor for the development of various diseases. Aim. To study the effect of physical inactivity on human health. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, statistical data and literary materials related to this topic were studied in the works of domestic and foreign scientists. Results. Many scientific works are devoted to the problem of physical inactivity. Modern research has proved that physical activity is the most important component of health, and its absence negatively affects both the physical and mental state of a person. Conclusion. The fight against physical inactivity will help prevent many different diseases and raise healthy offspring.
Epidemiological situation of hepatitis B in the Samara region
Authors: Churbakova O. , Akimkin V. , Pechkurov D.
Published: July 2020

The article presents an analysis of the primary incidence of hepatitis B in the Samara region from 1997 to 2018. It was noted that during the 1997–2000 period there was an increase in the carrying levels of viral hepatitis B agent, the incidence of acute hepatitis B, first detected by chronic hepatitis B. Since 2000–2001, there has been a dynamic decrease in the incidence of hepatitis B. It should be noted that from the 2006 (beginning of immunoprophylaxis) to 2018. in the Samara region more intensive decrease in indicators of incidence of hepatitis B was noted. Rates of decrease in incidence of an acute hepatitis In from 2006 to 2018 in the Samara region from 7,10 ⁄ 0000 to 0,70 ⁄ 0000v 10,1 times were observed (p < 0.01). Decrease in incidence of chronic hepatitis B was noted from 2006 to 2018 by 1.4 times (p < 0.01) from 14,50 ⁄ 0000 to 10,30 ⁄ 0000. Decrease in indicators of carriage of the causative agent of viral hepatitis B from 2006 to 2018 happened more in high gear, in comparison with indicators of incidence of chronic hepatitis B to 55,60 ⁄ 0000 to 6,60 ⁄ 0000 by 8.4 times (p < 0.01). From 2008 to 2018, the vaccination coverage against hepatitis B of the child population was 99.3–99.5 %, which led to a significant decrease in the incidence of hepatitis B in the Samara region. From 2011 to 2018, no cases of acute hepatitis B of the child population of the Samara region were registered. In the last three years, no cases of chronic hepatitis B of the child population have been recorded in the Samara region.
May 27, 2020 — World Multiple Sclerosis Day
Authors: Rybachok Oksana
Published: July 2020

World Multiple Sclerosis Day (World MS Day) is considered a fairly new and «young» holiday. It was approved a little over 10 years ago at the initiative of the International Federation of Multiple Sclerosis Societies, and was first celebrated in the world in 2009. This very serious disease is one of the most common among the pathologies of the central nervous system, it affects mainly the able-bodied population and often causes disability. Incidence rate of this disease on average is from 30 to 70 cases per 100 thousand population. Development of this disease leads to the suffering not only of the patient, but also of the family members, significantly limits the person’s working activity in society and complicates social adaptation. In the modern world, this day is celebrated every year on the last Wednesday of May, in 2020 the event will be held on the 27th May. The main goal of the World Multiple Sclerosis Day is to inform the population about the disease itself, its prevention and treatment, as well as the associated problems related to the development of multiple sclerosis.
Metaphylaxis of urolithiasis in shipboard personnel with rational pharmacotherapy in resort conditions
Authors: Simonova Tatiana , Efimenko Natalia , Nastyukov Vyacheslav , Mkrtchyan Arthur
Published: July 2020

The report is dedicated to the new medical technology of sanatorium-resort treatment and metaphylaxis of urolithiasis developed in our resort using Slavyanovskaya mineral water drinking, mineral baths and rational pharmacotherapy (Urolit phytocomplex). Comprehensive SPA therapy of urolithiasis with internal and external (bath) use of Slavyanovskaya mineral water in combination with the Urolit phytocomplex compared to traditional spa treatments contributes to a more pronounced favourable dynamics of the indicators of the functional state of kidneys, correction of metabolic disorders, increased glomerular filtration, increased diuresis and normalization of urodynamics, which are important links in the metaphylaxis of urolithiasis.
The application of fluctuating currents in the early postoperative period in patients after operations on mammary gland
Authors: Gerasimenko Marina , Evstigneeva Inna , Kulikov Aleksandr , Yarustovskaya Olga , Zaitseva Tatyana
Published: July 2020

We conducted an objective and instrumental examination in 79 patients with radical mastectomy in the early postoperative period (2–4days), patients of the 1st group n=23 underwent 10procedures of postoperative suture fluctuation; patients of the 2nd group n=28 underwent 10procedures of fluctuating currents according to the extended technique; and patients of the 3rd group n=28 in addition to the extended technique underwent fluoridation of the forearm muscles by the same parameters. It has been proved that patients have reduced postoperative swelling, reduced pain, reduced the number of postoperative complications in the wound (inflammation, infectious processes, pain, suture divergence), shortened lymphorrhea. There is an increase in the amount and quality of movements, reduced sensitivity disorders in the upper limbs. Thus, the inclusion in the program of medical rehabilitation of various methods of appointment of fluctuating currents in the early postoperative period is appropriate and helps to reduce the time of recovery.
Modern concepts of the general theory of physiotherapy
Authors: Illarionov Valery
Published: July 2020

The article highlights the causes and eff ects of the interaction of external physical factors with the human body. The author refl ected the concepts of a “specifi c” reaction, a compensatory reaction, and an “selective” sensitivity of an organism to exposure to physiotherapeutic factors, a general adaptation syndrome, an activation reaction, a training reaction, resonance, and synchronization. In the article, the author talks about the main factors in constructing the general theory of physiotherapy.
Place and significance of reconstructive surgical interventions in patients with high corrosive strictures of the bile ducts
Authors: Trifonov Sergei , Kovalenko Yuri , Varava Aleksey , Vishnevsky Vladimir
Published: July 2020

The most technically difficult for reconstructive interventions on the bile ducts with a high level of postoperative complications and recurrences are strictures of “-1”, “-2” and “-3” types according to E. Halperin (type E3 - E5 according to Bismuth-Strasberg). From 2012 to 2018 the A.V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery treated 96 patients with this pathology. The best treatment results were observed in patients with preserved confluence – 92% of successful interventions. An independent risk of stricture recurrence is previous external drainage of the bile ducts after injury, a high level of stricture (“-1”, “-2” and “-3” types according to E. Halperin). Surgical treatment of corrosive strictures is the method of choice when there is the ineffectiveness of endoscopic and percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, although it is associated with a high risk of postoperative complications.
Optimization of the operation process and postoperative rehabilitation in patients with chronic tonzillitis
Authors: Plotkin Alexander , Leyzerman Vitaliy , Artemova Natalya , Leizerman Mikhail
Published: July 2020

The problems of surgical treatment of patients with chronic tonsillitis and rehabilitation after surgery using the medication «Hemoblock» are discussed in this paper. The hemoblock was used in the surgical treatment of 165 patients, the control group consisted of 160 patients who underwent standard surgery. The results of the study show that the use of Hemoblock can reduce the number of complications of the operation and reduce the period of hospitalization of patients.
Inter-Observer Variation in the Grading of Meningiomas using the WHO Classification of CNS Tumors Criteria
Authors: Alkhalidi Hisham
Published: July 2020

Background: Grading of meningiomas using the World health organization (WHO) Classification of the Central Nervous System criteria currently has an essential role in classification, treatment, prognosis prediction, and research of these tumors.
Aims: This is a retrospective study that assessed the interobserver variation between Anatomical Pathologists in grading meningiomas using material obtained from ten resection specimens. The WHO grading system includes different methods, including the mitotic count, the tumor subtypes or the presence of three out of five certain morphological features. This paper focuses on the interobserver variability in the latter method.
Methods: Meningiomas that were originally graded based upon mitoses, brain invasion, or morphological subtype were excluded. Ten different Anatomical Pathologists, including two Neuropathologists, who were blinded to the original diagnosis and grade graded the tumors independently.
THE BEAUTY OF SYMBOL AND MEANING IN MALAY TABOOS
Authors: Zakaria Norazimah , Mohamad Hanapi Mazarul Hasan
Published: July 2020

Taboos, in general, are actions that are forbidden to be practiced. They exist in the practice and belief of a particular race. In the context of the Malay society, taboos are shaped due to the belief in the strong power of evil. The Malays believe that the result in the breaking of the taboos would be disastrous. The purpose of this research is to identify symbols in the Malay taboos and to explain how these taboos have their own unique meaning in the minds of the traditional Malay society. Pierce’s Semiotic Theory will be used in analyzing the symbols found in the taboos. This research uses literature review and text analysis as a medium to examine the symbolic elements found in the Adat dan Pantang Larang Orang Melayu book. The outcome of this research brings to light the types of taboos relating to expecting mothers and taboos relating to nutrition. Highlighted elements of taboos relating to expectant mothers are plants, animals, objects, and actions. Whereas, highlighted elements of taboos relating to nutrition are actions, items, and food. The conclusion of this research shows that the use of symbolic elements in stating the taboos in the Malay society serves as a guide to lifestyle. Thus, this confirms that the Malays use symbolic elements in taboos so as to shape behaviors in creating a harmonious society that has a good way of life.
UNDERSTANDING OF READING CULTURE AND PRACTICE AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS
Authors: Saleng Adam Zulkarnain , Dawi Amir Hasan
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the study is to identify the understanding of reading culture and practice among primary school pupils. A number of pupils are 15 are chosen as the informant of the study. Qualitative methods with case studies were used. The data is gathered used observation and interviews as data collection techniques. The result of the study shown, primary school pupils do not practice reading culture at school or at home. Most of the free time they spend playing with friends. Primary school pupils also understood the meaning of the reading culture however they did not practice it. They read books just for entertainment, leisure and for exams (education). In conclusion, the study has shown reading culture is not yet practiced by primary school pupils as a habit, practice, and culture in their daily life as a student.
ASSESSMENT OF THE PERFORMANCE OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT BODIES WITH REGARD TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE TERRITORY OF MUNICIPAL FORMATION “VOTKINSK CITY” IN THE UDMURT REPUBLIC
Authors: Korotaeva E.A.
Published: July 2020

Currently, Russia continues the process of harmonizing the interests of economic entities, taking into account the characteristics of each level of the management system. The most important problem of the current stage of development of regions and territories is the formation and development of an effective system of improvement, since this sphere is one that defines the quality of life of the territory population. In this article the system of improvement of municipal formation “Votkinsk city” is considered. The author reflects the quantitative indicators of the implementation of works on the improvement of the municipality, and analyzes the structure of local budget expenditures on the improvement. In order to obtain an overall picture of improving the territory of municipality “Votkinsk city”, measures for the city’s improvement for 2013-2018 years were studied, the city budget expenditures on improvement during this period were analyzed. Landscaping can become one of the revenue parts of the budget. In this regard, the paper presents data on the income received from the placement of advertising structures on real estate municipally-owned by the city of Votkinsk, and from the placement of advertising structures in the city’s territory. In conclusion, the directions of improving the efficiency of management in the field of landscaping are recommended.
FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES IN THE UDMURT REPUBLIC
Authors: Fedulova S.F.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses types and methods of funding small and medium business (SMB) in the Udmurt Republic. Funds and financial organizations as well as terms of their financial backup are in the focal point of the article. The author pays attention to the regional program “Development of small and medium-sized entrepreneurship in Udmurt Republic”. The article focuses on terms and conditions of microloans, tenders, contract loans, intermediary services in bank guaranties, grace lease for equipment, grants for projects to support import phase-out that will support small and medium-sized enterprises. This funding is allocated by the “Udmurt Fund for the development of entrepreneurship”. The analysis was carried out to calculate funding volumes, a number of project applications and projects financed and to identify the composition of financing for small and medium businesses which is allocated by the “Fund for the development of entrepreneurship” in relation to industries. The article studies the composition of creditors and loan and collateral volumes that are engaged by the Loan Guarantee Fund for SMEs. The author submits the types of financial backup for SMBs provided by the business incubator (grace lease for premises, business financial and legal consultancy).
FEATURES OF CONCLUDING A PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT IN THE FIELD OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL SECTOR FOR PRIVATE PARTNERS
Authors: Babich A.A.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the problems of legal regulation of public-private partnerships in the field of environmental protection, the procedures for concluding an agreement on public-private partnerships in the framework of Federal Law dated 13.07.2015 No. 224-ФЗ On Public-Private Partnerships, Municipal-Private Partnerships in the Russian Federation and amending certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation”, as well as increasing the investment attractiveness of the environmental protection sphere for private partners. The relevance of this topic is due to the fact that at the moment both projects aimed at protecting the environment and projects in other sectors of the economy are implemented mainly within the framework of concession legislation, and the norms of specialized legislation remain unclaimed by the participants of these relations. According to the author, the reasons for this state of affairs are, inter alia, the problems considered in the article. The findings of the study can be used to build a model of legal regulation of public-private partnerships in the field of environmental protection, as well as to formulate scientifically based proposals for improving legislation. In addition, the investment attractiveness of the environmental sector for private partners is also an economic topic, therefore, it is of interest to study by economists, whose research and proposals in this area will be important for the legal community.
DETENTION OF A PERSON ON SUSPICION OF COMMITTING A CRIME IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD: SOME PROBLEMS AND WAYS TO SOLVE THEM
Authors: Zhdanova Ya.V. , Krapchatova I.N.
Published: July 2020

A comparison of the institution of detention of a person on suspicion of committing a crime in Russia and in countries such as the United Kingdom, France, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Moldova, and Belarus is made. In the process of carrying out a historical and comparative legal analysis of the provisions on the detention of suspect, some problems were identified and ways to solve them were proposed taking into account the needs of the theory and practice of the modern criminal process in Russia. Analyzing the periods of detention of suspect, the authors share the position of the UK legislator on the possibility of establishing a detention period of up to 7 days, which will ensure high-quality evidence-based information. A positive example is the Republic of Azerbaijan, which allows citizens to detain suspects without the use of physical violence. The authors defend the position, taking into account the practice of the Republic of Belarus, to allow the suspect to be detained before initiating a criminal case, since it is impossible to initiate a criminal case when a person is detained at the scene of a crime. The complexity of determining the moment of detention and the related calculation of the terms of detention allowed us to put forward a proposal on the need to draw up a report indicating the time of the actual detention of a person on suspicion of committing a crime.
APPLICATION OF SAFETY MEASURES TO PARTICIPANTS IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS ON THE PART OF THE DEFENCE
Authors: Zaripov F.F.
Published: July 2020

The article formulates the problems of procedural regulation of ensuring the safety of participants in criminal proceedings on the part of the defense in the process of criminal proceedings. It is noted that despite the hasty division of the participants in the criminal process into groups in accordance with the procedural function performed by them, the need to separate the participants in criminal proceedings standing upon the interests of the defense into a separate group is not disputed. Attention is drawn to the fact that the principle of protecting the rights and freedoms of man and citizen in criminal proceedings does not fully regulate the adoption of appropriate measures to ensure the safety of participants in the criminal process for the realization of their rights and interests. The necessity of making amendments and additions to the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation (as the main source of criminal procedure law), as well as a number of other legislative acts related to the protection of human and civil rights and freedoms and to ensuring the safety of participants in criminal proceedings in all areas, is substantiated.
SOME PROBLEMS OF QUALIFICATION OF CRIMES COMMITTED BY MEDICAL WORKERS: PROBLEMS OF LAW
Authors: Kalugina N.G. , Shutova A.A.
Published: July 2020

The relevance of the study is determined by a number of factors, including an increase in the number of appeals and complaints against medical workers due to their poor quality of services, an increase in the number of crimes they commit, and the number of draft laws prepared to improve the law in this area. Based on the materials of the judicial investigative practice, the presented publication conducted a study of objective and subjective signs of a crime, providing for liability for causing death by negligence by a medical worker in the case of poor quality medical care or medical services. In addition, the criteria for delimiting the corpus delicti, providing liability for causing death by negligence and carelessness, on the basis of which recommendations on the qualification of the offense are proposed. The authors have developed recommendations for improving the application of criminal law in relation to medical workers. The work used materials of criminal cases in which the subjects of crimes were medical workers.
The Existence Legal Certainty of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in Indonesia
Authors: Salam Safrin , Suhartono Rizki Mustika
Published: July 2020

Indonesia is a country that has a history of gross human rights violations. However, the case has not been resolved. In addition to settlement through the court, a reconciliation pattern is highly recommended in the settlement of the case in question. But the rules on reconciliation have been canceled by the Constitutional Court. The results of the study concluded that the Settlement of cases of gross human rights violations was resolved with a pattern of reconciliation with the establishment of an independent institution (KKR). Besides that, the pattern of reconciliation can also be done in a family way. Reconciliation arrangements exist in several regions in Indonesia, namely Papua, Aceh and Palu Reconciliation patterns that exist in these rules vary, there are those who use the TRC pattern there are also those who use family reconciliation patterns.
Mulheres (de) Coragem. Por um mundo mais justo
Authors: Liberato Ermelinda
Published: July 2020

Não apresenta.
A educação e resistência aos tempos sombrios: reflexões a partir de Hannah Arendt
Authors: Nascimento Carlos Eduardo Gomes
Published: July 2020

O trabalho analisa, a partir do pensamento de Hannah Arendt, a concepção de educação e o conceito de mentira organizada. Hannah Arendt, pensadora judia, testemunhou tempos sombrios do regime totalitário na Alemanha em meados do século XX. Com o totalitarismo a mentira invadiu o espaço público de maneira organizada, através da propaganda de massa com objetivo de destruir o passado, a realidade e a política. Este trabalho fundamenta-se em textos da autora como “Verdade e Política” (1967) e “A mentira na política” (1971), que chamam à atenção que, mesmo findo os regimes totalitários, os riscos da manipulação da realidade e da história ainda espreitam a vida política contemporânea. Mesmo não tendo um caráter político, segundo o texto “Crise na educação”(1958) de Arendt, a educação tem a responsabilidade de apresentar e narrar às crianças e aos jovens uma herança cultural e histórica de um mundo comum. Com efeito, o presente trabalho busca defender que mesmo diante de todos os riscos a educação surge como um contraponto e resistência à mentira organizada.
GAMBARAN SESEORANG YANG BERCERAI DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Pragholapati Andria
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tingginya angka perceraian di Indonesia. Perceraian telah dikaitkan dengan peningkatan risiko kecacatan, masalah kesehatan jiwa, penurunan kesehatan fisik, dan mortalitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif kuantiatif. 52 responden dipilih sebagai responden menggunakan non probability sampling dengan Consecutive sampling. Data diambil dengan menggunakan kuesioner.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar berumur 21-40 tahun, berjenis kelamin perempuan, memiliki anak, memiliki pekerjaan sebagai karyawan swasta, memiliki tingkat pendidikan SMA/SMK, dan seluruhnya seseorang yang tergugat cerai.