bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Addressing Clinical and Therapeutic Inertia Through Comprehensive Medication Review
Authors: Ginzburg Regina , Hilas Olga
Published: August 2022

Avoiding clinical and therapeutic inertia, through pharmacist-led medication therapy management, can lead to avoidance of inappropriate medication use and adverse medication events. Clinical and therapeutic inertia are terms that have been used indistinctly. One definition is inertia
that appears when clinicians do not initiate or intensify therapy appropriately when therapeutic goals are not reached. Another definition is failure to advance or deintensify treatment, and in a broader sense beyond escalation or deintensification of therapy; definitions include failure to
screen, make appropriate referrals, manage risk factors, and complications. Failure of clinicians to address clinical and therapeutic inertia in office or hospital visits can contribute to patients using inappropriate medications, and lead to avoidable serious adverse events. Addressing therapeutic
inertia may also be a means to minimize prescription costs and improve quality of life. This case illustrates the importance of identifying and addressing the therapeutic appropriateness of medications for an older person who has been prescribed numerous medications over a long period but
now has complaints of dizziness as well as the inability to afford all medications.
On anchored Lie algebras and the Connes–Moscovici bialgebroid construction
Authors: Saracco Paolo
Published: August 2022

We show how the Connes–Moscovici bialgebroid construction naturally provides universal objects for Lie algebras acting on non-commutative algebras. As a supplement, we see how these objects interact with the study of flat bimodule connections.
Numerical Study of the Impinging Jets Formed by an Injector with Different Nozzle Diameters
Authors: Kazmierski Bartosz , Kapusta Łukasz Jan
Published: August 2022

The collision of two or more liquid jets may provide considerable atomisation and efficient mixing of injected substances at the same time. This phenomenon is used, among others, in rocket engines, where the fuel and oxidiser are introduced separately and almost immediately mixed through self-impingement. Depending on the injection and operating conditions, diverse configurations of impinging jets are used, such as doublets, triplets, etc. The appropriately designed injectors and operating conditions ensure the short length of the liquid structures that are developed as a result of the jets’ collision, as well as lead to intensive atomisation. The following work presents a numerical analysis of some impinging jets with relatively high Reynolds numbers. Two different nozzle diameters were considered, which were designed for fuels with different calorific values and stoichiometric ratios. The work aims to investigate the influence of the nozzle diameters on the liquid jets’ interaction in the same nozzle arrangement (the same impingement angle and distance). The simulations were performed for the same liquid to exclude the influence of the liquid’s properties and conclude on the diameter’s effect alone. The injection pressure was the same in all of the cases. The calculations were made using large eddy simulation (LES) and volume of fluid (VOF) approaches. The simulation results indicated that the larger diameters enhanced the formation of waves in the liquid sheet that brought about the sheet’s disintegration and ligament formations.
Development of Transaxle Fluid for Electrification Vehicles: Design of Novel Additive Formulation
Authors: Tada Akira , Aizawa Kouki , Susukida Yohei , Tokozakura Daisuke , Nakamura Taiki , Sano Toshinari , Shinyoshi Takatoshi
Published: August 2022

To achieve carbon neutrality by reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, vehicles with an internal combustion engine have started to be replaced by electrification vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in HEVs (PHEVs), and battery EVs (BEVs) worldwide, which have motors in their transaxles (T/As). Reducing transmission torque loss in the transaxles is effective to reduce CO2 emissions, and lowering the viscosity of lubrication fluids in T/As is a promising method for reducing churning and drag loss. However, lowering viscosity generally leads to thin oil films and makes the lubrication condition severe, resulting in worse anti-fatigue and anti-seizure performance. To deal with these issues, we made improvements on the additive formulation of fluid, such as the addition of an oil-film-forming polymer, chemical structure change of calcium detergents, and an increase of anti-wear additives including phosphorus and sulfur. As a result, we succeeded in developing a novel fluid with greater lubricity than a conventional automatic transmission fluid (ATF), despite the fact that the viscosity of the new fluid was lowered by around 50% compared with that of the ATF. In addition, the electrical insulating and anti-foaming performance of this fluid, which are required for T/A fluid in electrification vehicles, were equal to or greater than those of the ATF. The fuel economy in the Toyota Hybrid System (THS) was improved by 1.0% and more compared with the ATF because of the significant viscosity decrease in the developed fluid. This fluid will be widely used for HEVs, PHEVs, BEVs, and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) and can contribute to the realization of a carbon-neutral society.
Evaluation of type 2 diabetes care management in nine primary care practices before and after implementation of the Criteria of Good Disease Management of Diabetes established by the Swiss Society of Endocrinology and Diabetology
Authors: Christ Emanuel , Czock Astrid , Renström Frida , Ammeter Tamara , Ebrahimi Fahim , Zechmann Stefan , Kutz Alexander , Diem Peter , Häuptle Christian , Brändle Michael
Published: August 2022

AIMS OF THE STUDY: Little is known about the quality of diabetes management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Swiss primary care. Based on the recommendations of the National Council Quality Assurance Programme, an interprofessional working group of the Swiss Society of Endocrinology and Diabetology (SSED) established population-based national criteria for good disease management of T2DM in primary health care (the diabetes score). The objective of this study was to assess whether the implementation of these criteria improve diabetes management in primary care.
METHODS: The diabetes score comprises eight criteria including three biometric measurements, two lifestyle-specific items and screening of three diabetes-associated complications. Practices can evaluate adherence to the criteria based on a point system, with the recommended aim to achieve ≥70/100 points. Group practices and single practices were included in this study and started implementing the SSED criteria in January 2018. The resulting score was compared with data retrospectively obtained for 2017. The primary endpoint was the overall change in Diabetes Score between 2017 and 2018 at each practice, further stratified by practice type. The absolute effect on individual diabetes score criteria was assessed by pooling all patient-level data.
RESULTS: Nine practices (six single and three group) participated in the study. In 2017 and 2018, the primary care practices treated 727 and 704 patients with T2DM, respectively, of whom 676 were treated both years. Around half of the patients were cared for in group practices and half in single practices. Between 2017 and 2018 the median (interquartile range) diabetes score improved from 40 (35, 65) to 55 (45, 70; p = 0.078). One practice (single) obtained a score ≥70 in 2017, three practices (all single) achieved this target in 2018. Pooling patient-level data, we observed a significant absolute improvement in the following criteria: number of regular diabetes check ups, body mass index, glycated haemoglobin, blood pressure, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and screenings for diabetes-associated complications (all p <0.05). However, the extent of the improvements were often insufficient to reach the prefixed targets of the diabetes score criteria on the practice level.
CONCLUSION: Overall, the implementation of the SSED criteria in the current setting led to a modest, nonsignificant improvement of the diabetes score. Only three (all single practices) out of the nine practices reached the recommended 70-point target, indicating that further strategies are needed to improve diabetes care in primary care practice.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (ID NCT04216875).
Referral to aftercare following inpatient withdrawal treatment and readmission: retrospective chart review of patients with substance use disorders
Authors: Habermeyer Benedikt , Lay Barbara , Scherbaum Norbert , Bonnet Udo , Roser Patrik
Published: August 2022

AIMS OF THE STUDY: Aftercare following inpatient withdrawal treatment improves the prognosis and prevents future readmissions in patients with substance use disorders. According to the stepped care approach, the setting and intensity of aftercare should be adjusted to the patients’ specific needs and resources. This study evaluated the real-life referral to different types of aftercare in Switzerland and the rate of inpatient readmission within a 1-year follow-up.
METHODS: All substance use disorder patients admitted for inpatient withdrawal treatment in a Swiss psychiatric hospital between January and December 2016 (n = 497) were included in this retrospective study. Clinical and sociodemographic characteristics were extracted from the electronic medical records and their impact on the likelihood of being referred to a particular type of aftercare (general practitioner, psychiatric outpatient care, psychiatric day clinic, inpatient rehabilitation programme) was evaluated. For each type of referral, we determined the readmission rate within one year after discharge.
RESULTS: In the sample of substance use disorder patients (mean age 41 years; 69% male), alcohol use disorder was by far the most frequent substance use disorder. Most patients were referred to psychiatric outpatient care (39.8%), followed by a general practitioner (31.0%), inpatient rehabilitation (19.3%) and psychiatric day clinic (9.9%). Patient characteristics that point to an unfavourable course of disease, including higher symptom severity, history of more than two previous admissions, compulsory admission and treatment discontinuation, were associated with a higher likelihood to be referred to lower-level aftercare (general practitioner, psychiatric outpatient care), whereas patients with lower symptom severity, fewer than two previous admissions, voluntary admission and regular discharge were more likely to be referred to high-intensity aftercare (psychiatric day clinic, inpatient rehabilitation). The readmission rate after one year did not differ between the different settings of aftercare (range 40.4–42.9%).
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that patients suffering from severe substance use disorders and/or from an unfavourable course of disease who would benefit from a more intensive aftercare setting, such as psychiatric day clinics or inpatient rehabilitation programs, might be under-treated, whereas patients with a rather favourable prognosis might similarly benefit from a less intensive treatment setting, such as psychiatric outpatient care. Regarding the comparable readmission rates, we recommend  considering more efficient resource management by promoting stepped care approaches for substance use disorders and establishing standardised placement criteria in Switzerland.
Expectations Channel of the Monetary Policy in India: A Structural Factor Augmented VAR Approach
Authors: Sharma Apica
Published: August 2022

This study analyses the impact of inflation expectations from 17 July 2016 to 20 August 2022 using the actual future consumer price index (CPI) in the Structural Factor Augmented Vector Autoregressive (SFAVAR) Framework. Around 85 percent of inflation expectations are self-explanatory in the long run. Hence, it is important to keep inflation expectations at historically low levels because in a developing country like India, inflation expectations are rising rapidly but are rigid when falling.
Уџбенички комплет у настави српског као страног језика
Authors: Новаковић Александар
Published: August 2022

Методика наставе српског као страног језика представља релативно мла- ду научну дисциплину, чији даљи развој захтева даља важна теориј- ска и методолошка истраживања и разматрања. Монографија која се налази пред читаоцима представља покушај да се одговори на делић неразјашњених питања са којима се наставници српскога језика као страног свакодневно сусрећу. Настала је као резултат рада на докторској дисертацији Полифункционалност уџбеничког ком- плета за учење српског као страног језика (одбрањеној 29. априла 2021. године на Филозофском факултету Универзитета у Нишу) и требало би да допринесе сагледа- вању важности постојања квалитетног уџбеничког комплета у учењу језика, како са теоријске, тако и са практичне стране. Добро је познато да уџбенички комплет представља окосницу наставе срп- ског као страног језика и незаменљиво наставно средство од чијег квалитета зависи успешност наставе. Домаћи аутори већ више година истичу потребу стварања но- вих и квалитетнијих уџбеничких комплета који би у потпуности одговорили на за- хтеве савремене наставе српског језика као страног. Зато смо настојали да испитамо шта се подразумева под полифункционалношћу уџбеничког комплета, као и који (од актуелних) уџбеничких комплета испуњавају захтеве да се назову полифунк- ционалним. Наиме, са развојем центара за учење (српског као страног) у Београду, Новом Саду, Крагујевцу и Нишу појавила су се важна питања у вези са квалитетом уџбеничких комплета, те смо настојали да проверимо шта је стварно урађено у по- следњих тридесетак година на том пољу. Такође, до сада није било свеобухватних анализа и евалуација постојећих уџбеничких комплета, које засигурно представља- ју једини пут ка унапређењу њиховог квалитета.
Análisis de las políticas educativas y los desafíos de la lengua indígena Garífuna en Honduras
Authors: García Sandoval Randolfo
Published: August 2022

La presente investigación tiene como principal propósito de estudio el análisis de las políticas educativas y los desafíos de la lengua indígena Garífuna en el contexto de la política educativa intercultural bilingüe hondureña. Los Garínagü, inicialmente conocidos hasta gran parte del siglo XX como caribes negros, son la expresión de un proceso de mestizaje entre africanos de diferentes procedencia y pueblos indígenas carib-arawak (Aikhenvald, 2006) que ocurrió durante el período colonial en las Antillas Menores, principalmente en la isla de San Vicente (Yurümein). La presente investigación tiene la finalidad de analizar, desde una propuesta critica, los efectos de la implementación de políticas educativas, como la educación intercultural bilingüe, en la lengua y pensamiento garífuna, considerando que estas políticas promueven elementos sociolingüísticos relacionados con la minorización lingüística. Para efectos de este estudio se entiende la minorización lingüística como un proceso social, político, cultural que involucra el papel de las normas de uso social restrictivas con relación a la lengua propia, garífuna, es decir, que dicha lengua no puede usarse en determinados ámbitos, frente a las normas de uso expansivas características de la lengua dominante en Honduras (español). El estudio se plantea a partir de una hipótesis, se sustenta en un marco teórico con enfoque critico histórico-cultural-decolonial. Por tanto, las estructuras de dominio no son exclusivas de realidades como la latinoamericana u hondureña donde históricamente han convivido diferentes lenguas, dialectos o formas de pensamiento diferentes de las llamadas lenguas universales, como es también el caso de muchos países europeos.
Epidemiología crítica en clave latinoamericana para una salud contrahegemónica
Authors: Hennig Bruno
Published: August 2022

El campo de la salud en general y el de la salud mental en particular se inscriben en la necesidad de una trama inter/transdisciplinar, dado el carácter complejo del objeto salud. Se revisa brevemente en este trabajo cómo opera la hegemonía en salud, en salud mental y en epidemiología, y se proponen algunos aportes contrahegemónicos. Para tal fin, se analizan algunas consideraciones para posteriormente arribar al concepto de riesgo, que es una pieza clave de la epidemiología. Se propone un estudio cualitativo, de corte teórico y se realiza un análisis bibliográfico. Se concluye con la importancia de poder “elevar epistémicamente” un enfoque capaz de contribuir a la emancipación de los pueblos, y para ello recuperar la dignidad, la equidad, la justicia y la libertad como valores centrales en los procesos de salud/sufrimiento/enfermedad/cuidado.
PARAMETRIC STUDY ON WAVE OVERTOPPING DUE TO WEDGE ANGLE AND FREEBOARD OF WAVECAT WAVE ENERGY CONVERTER
Authors: MOHAMAD IZZUL  , MOHAMMAD FADHLI  , MOHD AZLAN  , MOHD NOOR
Published: August 2022

Wave energy presents great potential in many coastal regions. This paper deals with WaveCat, a new wave energy converter (WEC) recently patented by the University of Santiago de Compostela. The WaveCat has two hulls, like a catamaran, and it operates according to the overtopping principle. The higher the overtopping amount collected in the reservoir, the higher the energy generated. The wedge angle and freeboard are two important parameters that contribute to a higher overtopping discharge. However, knowledge on the influence that wedge angle and freeboard have on wave overtopping is limited. Hence, this study aims to extend the borders of available knowledge by investigating the influence that two parameters have on wave overtopping discharge through simulation using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The WEC was designed in the AutoCAD software. Then, the parameters were simulated using CFD. The parameters of wave height and wave period with a specified range are added and the relationship between wedge angle, freeboard and wave overtopping performance of WaveCat were analysed. The validation results showed good agreement between the simulation and physical experiment, with a percentage error of within 20%. The results are useful for further investigation related to optimising WaveCat parameters for selecting the best performance.
PELATIHAN KELOMPOK SADAR WISATA (POKDARWIS) MELALUI KEGIATAN TATA KELOLA DESTINASI PARIWISATA DI KAB SERANG
Authors: Umam Chotibul Umam , Suganda Dadang , Khadijah Ute Lies Siti , Novianti Evi , Utama Mukti
Published: August 2022

Serang Regency consists of 326 villages. The existence of villages has the potential for tourist attractions such as nature, culture, culinary and creative economy, but most of the villages have not used them as tourist destinations. Therefore, the community plays an important role in utilizing and managing tourist attractions, one of the institutions at the village that is engaged in tourism is the Tourism Awareness group (Pokdarwis), which acts as a motivator and communicator in an effort to increase the readiness and awareness of the community around the tourist attraction. Training activities aimed at Pokdarwis throughout Serang Regency in order to strengthen knowledge about Tourism Destination Management. The training method are presentation, Forum Group Discussion (FGD), brainstorming and evaluation. The results of this training are expected that pokdarwis have knowledge and be able to implementation in their village.
RANCANG BANGUN TEKNOLOGI CLOUD COMPUTING VIRTUALISASI PROSES BELAJAR MENGAJAR
Authors: Fatoni Ahmad , Fatullah Rizki
Published: August 2022

There is a lot of business competition in this case credit sales, where credit sales are made using the gradual payment method with requirements that must be agreed upon by the credit provider and credit recipient. In this XYZ company there are problems that often occur including when officers select and determine credit recipients (debtors) in accordance with the requirements given by the company, this company also still uses traditional methods in promotion and there is no decision-making system to be able to assist in determining the prospective debtor In addition, creditors (creditors) find it difficult to receive debtor data reports. In determining the debtor to get credit sales, in this study we will use the SPK K-Nearest Neighbor method where this method is to calculate the closeness between old cases and new cases in order to facilitate officers in determining prospective borrowers with a decision support system using the K-Nearest method Neighbor. In addition to facilitating and helping creditors to be able to find out the debtor data report in more detail and to increase sales. The results of this study, get results from calculating the closeness between new cases with old cases using the K-Nearest Neighbor method. And from some calculations with that method, the greatest value will be used to predict the next cases.
Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on meat or equivalent consumption behavior among Sri Lankan adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gamage Manoja , Sooriyaarachchi Piumika , Francis Tormalli , Jayawardena Ranil
Published: August 2022

Background: The COVID-19 lockdown severely affected dietary behaviors, particularly meat or equivalent consumption. This study aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19 confinement on meat or equivalent consumption pattern among Sri Lankans.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 27th May to 2nd June 2021 as a national-level online survey in Sri Lanka using a self-administered questionnaire developed as Google forms. The questionnaire consisted of questions related to socio-demographics and dietary behaviors. Descriptive, univariate, and multinomial logistic regression was performed. The statistical significance is considered at less than 0.05.
Results: A total of 3600 respondents were included, with the majority being women (60.1%). A higher proportion of the participants increased their consumption of eggs (53.7%), dhal (47.0%), and dry fish and sprats (36.3%). A big trend was observed in cutting down the fish (41.1%) and other seafood (52.0%) consumption. Nearly half of the respondents did not change their consumption of meat other than chicken (54.5%), pulses (52.6%), soya meat (52.1%), dry fish and sprats (48.9%), canned fish (47.6%), sausages and meatballs (45.1%), and chicken (43.7%). The males (odds ratio (OR) 0.852; 95% CI: 0.738 to 0.984, P = 0.029) and Tamil (OR = 1.605, 95% CI: 1.150 to 2.239, P = 0.005) showed a significant likelihood to increase egg consumption. Respondents with a lower income <25,000 LKR (OR 2.220; 95% CI 1.672-2.947, P = 0.000) were more than twice likely to report increased dhal consumption. The same income group (< 25,000 LKR) (OR = 2.752; 95% CI: 2.024-3.741, P = 0.000) reported more than twice reduction in fish consumption. Respondents in municipal area (OR = 1.523; 95% CI: 1.186 to 3.292, P = 0.009) showed a significantly higher likelihood to reduction in other seafood consumption.
Conclusion: An overall change in meat or equivalent consumption behavior among Sri Lankan adults was evidenced. Furthermore, nutrition recommendations should be revised to avoid future long-term consequences. Fish and other seafood intake declined, while consumption of eggs, dhal, dry fish, and sprats increased.
Enrichment of Doogh with Olive Leaf Extract and Investigation of Its Physicochemical, Microbial, and Sensory Properties during Storage at Room Temperature and Refrigerator
Authors: Kalavari Laya , Nasiri Negin , Ahmadian Fatemeh , Kioumarsi Hamed
Published: August 2022

Doogh is a popular Iranian drink with high nutritional value and in recent years has attracted the attention of many consumers. Nowadays, the problems caused by malnutrition and lack of useful compounds with high nutritional value and increasing shelf life are essential in the food industry. This research was performed in Shirin Cheshmeh Dairy Production Company and all experiments were performed in the Food Control Laboratory of the Food and Drug Administration, Guilan University of Medical Sciences. In this study, olive leaf extract was added to doogh at five levels of zero, 0.2, 0.5, 1, and 2% and stored for 45 days, its physicochemical, microbial, and sensory properties at two refrigerators at 2°C and room temperature 25 ° C were evaluated. Sampling was analyzed on days 0, 15, 30, and 45 days in 3 replications with Duncan's statistical analysis. The effect of using different treatments and storage time on most characteristics showed a significant difference. This study showed that the effect of olive leaf extract on the pH, mold, and yeast of the treatments is decreasing and the percentage of acidity and serum volume is increasing. According to the hedonic method, the acceptability of treatment 2 on the 15th day of maintenance was higher. In general, according to the results, it can be said that the production of useful products with plant compounds can promote an effective step to produce and design useful drinks in the consumer market and food industry factories.
A Biblical and Theological View on Human Sexuality: A Case Study of Selected Churches in Nairobi
Authors: Nzioka Jeremiah Ngundo
Published: August 2022

Purpose: This research intended to conduct a theological appraisal of the church’s teachings on human sexuality and the role she has in mitigating the problems ensuing from a lack of understanding or misuse of human sexuality. The researcher discussed the problem of sexuality by examining the views of authors who agreed with the fact that there was a problem in the way society had understood and harnessed human sexuality. The response and teaching of the church were a central concern of the researcher. The researcher discussed the problem of condemning the victims of sexual perversion and further expressed the need for the church to redefine her methods of reclaiming people from unhealthy and unbiblical sexual habits.

Methodology: This study used a qualitative design. The researcher collected data from individuals from three selected churches in Nairobi County, Kenya with semi-structured interviews as the sole instrument of data collection. The analyses of the data were done using thematic and descriptive analysis methods. The three churches included Christ is The Answer Ministries (CITAM) Valley Road, African Inland Church, Milimani and Ufalme Church, Nairobi. 

Findings: The findings revealed that the church had not done enough in teaching about human sexuality and in giving a practical solution to church members who struggled with sexual perversions. This left Christians with unorthodox sources of information and education on the subject such as media and the internet.

Unique contribution to theory and practice: The researcher recommends that the church should treat human sexuality as an important area that should not be shunned but should be addressed with passion. Correct biblical guidance on recovery and freedom from addictions should be offered by church pastors to all persons that have sexual addictions and the ones that have the potential of struggling with sexual perversions. The church should work to enhance psycho-social therapies to help members of their congregation and others who have sexual addictions.
A Ratiocinative Assessment of A.J. Ayer’s Rejection of Metaphysics.
Authors: Ekong Joseph T
Published: August 2022

Purpose: This paper aims at exposing and appraising the arguments of A.J. Ayer against metaphysics, as reflected in the first chapter of his book, Language, Truth and Logic. It shall explore the basic assumptions, content and concerns of the metaphysical enterprise, and place them in careful juxtaposition with A.J. Ayer’s positivist assumptions in order to discover whether the claims he makes regarding metaphysics are really valid or not. The conclusion will emphasize the relevance and irrefutability of metaphysics.

Methodology: The work is expository, analytic, critical and evaluative, in its methodology.

Findings: Sir Alfred Julius Ayer was an English philosopher who developed key features of logical positivism. His book Language, Truth, and Logic (1936) is one of the most influential philosophy books in the 20th century, addressing questions of reality, perception, knowledge and meaning. In it Ayer explains important positivist ideas, like the principle of verifiability as a criterion of meaning, the rejection of metaphysics, and the emotivist theory of ethics. In Ayer’s logical empiricism, philosophy is no longer seen as a metaphysical concern, nor as an attempt to provide speculative truths about the nature of ultimate reality. Instead, philosophy is seen as an activity of defining and clarifying the logical relationships of empirical propositions.

Unique Contribution to theory, practice and policy (recommendation): The ratiocinative discussion of A. J. Ayer’s rejection of Metaphysics, offers an alternative perspective on how Metaphysics should be construed, given its centrality to, and in-eliminability in philosophical discourses.
Formulation and Characterization of Alginate Coated Chitosan Nanoparticles as Therapeutic Protein for Oral Delivery System
Authors: Fitriagustiani Fitriagustiani , Mustopa Apon Zaenal , Budiarti Sri , Warsito Mega Ferdina , Pratiwi Riyona Desvy , Agustiyanti Dian Fitria , Nurfatwa Maritsa
Published: August 2022

Nanoparticles have been promptly studied and developed for oral protein delivery. Selection of excipients and formulation method depends on the physicochemical characteristics of the protein carried. Therefore, this study aims to design a formulation and characterize the alginate coated chitosan nanoparticles which carried different protein. Alginate coated chitosan nanoparticles were formed using an ionic gelation method. Optimization was done by varying the parameter such as crosslinker concentration, agitation method, rate, and time.  The results show that chitosan nanoparticles formed by sonication using sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP): chitosan (1:0.8) was the best method to form nanoparticles. The particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme nanoparticles were 812.2 nm and 0.412 for BSA while 793.3 nm and 0.438 for lysozyme. Encapsulation efficiency (EE) of BSA is 52 % and lysozyme is 68 %. In vitro tests on acidic/gastric conditions showed that lysozyme (±32 %) was released faster than BSA (±10 %) during the 24 h incubation. Under neutral/terminal intestine conditions, percentage of BSA (±17 %) release is slightly higher than lysozyme (±13 %) for 8 h incubation period. It was concluded that the formulation of alginate coated chitosan nanoparticles in this study appears to be more effective for BSA delivery than lysozyme.

HIGHLIGHTS

Nanoparticle vesicular system is an effective approach for protein drug delivery system

Factors affecting the formation of chitosan nanoparticle are crosslinker concentration, agitation method, rate, and time

Alginate coated chitosan nanoparticle was more effective for oral delivery of BSA compared to lysozyme

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Numerical Analysis of High Speed Flow Applications using Various Flux Schemes
Authors: Krishnan Mithun , Ray Anurag , Peetala Ravi
Published: August 2022

Numerical analysis using computational fluid dynamics is an affordable and effective method with increasing relevance every day in research and engineering problems. Choosing an appropriate convective discretization scheme is paramount importance for obtaining more accurate solutions using CFD methods. The present study compares two commonly used numerical convective schemes, the upwind scheme of Advection Upstream Splitting Method (AUSM) and the central schemes of Kurganov-Noelle-Petrova and Kurganov-Tadmor scheme (K-T) have been made to find the better central scheme. These two schemes are validated with inviscid 1D and 2D problems such as Sod’s shock tube, forward facing step in a Mach 3 tunnel, 15 Degree ramp in a Mach 2 supersonic tunnel, the Mach-reflection problem and scramjet engine operating under high Mach number. The AUSM and K-T schemes are robust enough to capture all the features of compressible flows. Comparison of results obtained by these 2 schemes is presented using density contours and surface property changes. It has been observed that both the schemes are robust enough to capture the flow features of the problems and that they have better accuracy for different conditions.

HIGHLIGHTS

This paper focuses on two convective flux discretization techniques i.e. the upwind scheme of AUSM and the central schemes of K-T and KNP

Inviscid simulations for various problems in the supersonic as well as hypersonic regime were used in Sod’s 1-Dimensional Shock Tube, flow over forward facing step in supersonic wind tunnel and Mach 5 flow thorough scramjet engine

The AUSM and K-T schemes are robust enough to capture all the features of compressible flows. It has been observed that both the schemes are robust enough to capture the flow features of the problems and that they have better accuracy for different conditions

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Characteristics of Nanomaterials Based on Waste Paper with Variations in Heating Temperature and NaOH Concentration
Authors: Devi Debby Sinta , Saloma Saloma , Usman Arie Putra , Saggaff Anis , Ismail Mohammad
Published: August 2022

Cementitious materials have been attempted to achieve more environmentally friendly construction materials. Nanomaterials with smaller particle sizes than cement can enhance the hydration gel structure. This report presents the processing of prepared waste paper into nanomaterials as raw materials available in abundant resources and supports the waste recycling process. Materials were processed by alkaline treatment using 5, 10 and 15 % NaOH solutions and 2 % NaClO at heating temperatures of 100, 125 and 150 °C. Testing the characteristics of the materials aims to determine the effect of heating temperature and concentration of NaOH used in the processing of nanomaterials. Based on the XRD test results, the use of lower temperatures showed that the amorphous phase, which is the main factor in the level of reactivity of the materials, tends to increase with increasing NaOH concentration. SEM morphology analysis showed that lower heating temperature was more effective in removing lignin content after alkaline treatment. The lignin content that can cause weathering needs to be removed and achieve maximum effect in bleaching nanomaterials based on waste paper. The particle size distribution results of nanomaterials were obtained with a size of 255-513 nm. Nanomaterials prepared from recycled materials are attracting interest as a new binder in nanocomposites.

HIGHLIGHTS

Nanomaterials with smaller particle sizes than cement can enhance the hydration gel structure

The use of lower temperatures showed that the amorphous phase, which is the main factor in the level of reactivity of the materials, tends to increase with increasing NaOH concentration

The lower heating temperature was more effective in removing lignin content after alkaline treatment

Nanomaterials prepared from recycled materials are attracting interest as a new binder in nanocomposites

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Simulation of Magnetic Anisotropy Energy Surfaces for Cubic Crystals Using MATLAB in Remote Material Physics Lectures
Authors: Putranta Himawan , Kuswanto Heru , Purnama Aditya Yoga , Rani Syella Ayunisa , Sabaruddin Sabaruddin
Published: August 2022

The physical characteristics of a crystal can be viewed from the distribution of magnetic energy contained in it so that a simulation is needed which helps in visualizing the magnetic energy of the crystals. This study aims to present a simple solution for constructing a simulation of the physical properties of cubic crystals using MATLAB software. MATLAB can also be used to help organize physics lectures remotely. This is because MATLAB can be operated by anyone, anytime, and anywhere without being connected to the internet network to help visualize the material magnetization concept in the form of 2- and 3-dimensional graphics. The simulation aims to visualize the magnetic anisotropy energy surface for cubic crystals. This simulation can visualize the magnetic anisotropy energy surface of 3 types of cubic crystals, namely simple cubic, body-centered cubic, and face-centered cubic. In this simulation, the difference between the 3 types of crystals is the anisotropy energy constant. The mathematical equations in the magnetic anisotropy energy surface for cubic crystals are quite complicated. This simulation can help students in exploring mathematical equations and studying the magnetic anisotropy energy surface for cubic crystals more. Students can also develop mathematical representation skills and creative visual representations of the magnetic anisotropy energy surface for cubic crystals.

HIGHLIGHTS

The uniaxial anisotropy energy equation is closely related to helping to realize the behavior of materials

Visualization of magnetic anisotropy energy surfaces in a crystal is influenced by the shape of the crystal and the value of its anisotropy constant

Physics lectures during the Covid-19 pandemic require a variety of lectures that utilize the computational program-based physics equation simulation media

Magnetic anisotropy energy surfaces on a crystal can be visualized through the help of computational programs to support physics lectures during the Covid-19 pandemic

MATLAB can be used to visualize magnetic anisotropy energy surfaces because it can be operated by anyone, anytime, and anywhere without being connected to the internet network

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Potential Inhibitory and Inducing Effects of Triphala Formulation on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes
Authors: Jumpa-Ngern Piracha , Plengsuriyakarn Tullayakorn , Mahavorasirikul Wiratchanee , Na-Bangchang Kesara
Published: August 2022

Triphala formulation is one of the most common traditional medicines used for several health conditions. The study aimed to investigate the inhibitory and inducing potentials of Triphala formulation, including its active compounds gallic acid and ellagic acid, on cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes.  The inhibitory effects of Triphala formulation, gallic acid and ellagic acid on the 5 major human CYP450 enzymes were evaluated using a bioluminescent CYP450 inhibition assay. Evaluation of inducing effect of Triphala formulation on CYP1A2 and CYP3A1 mRNA expression following daily oral doses of 1,000 and 5,000 mg/kg body weight for 28 days was evaluated using RT-PCR. Gallic acid potently inhibited CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 with a non-competitive nature, while the inhibitory potencies on CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 were weak. Chronic dosing of Triphala formulation at 1,000 and 3,000 mg/kg body weight significantly induced mRNA expression of CYP1A2 but not CYP3A1. Results suggest the propensity of metabolic drug interactions when Triphala formulation was concurrently administered with other conventional drugs or herbal medicines. 

HIGHLIGHTS

Gallic acid potently inhibited CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 with a non-competitive nature

Triphala formulation at the dose of 1,000 and 3,000 mg/kg body weight significantly induced mRNA expression of CYP1A2

Results suggest the propensity of metabolic drug interactions when Triphala formulation is concurrently administered with conventional drugs or herbal products by human CYP450 enzymes, particularly CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
The Ability of Seasoning to Inhibit Contaminant Aspergillus spp. on Traditional Food Sardine Pedetan (Sardinella lemuru)
Authors: Singapurwa Ni Made Ayu Suardani , Suprapta Dewa Ngurah , Gunam Ida Bagus Wayan , Wirya I Gusti Ngurah Alit Susanta , Khalimi Khamdan
Published: August 2022

Pedetan is processed food of seasoned sardine fish (Sardinella lemuru) which is preserved by drying. Isolation and identification of mold that contaminated the pedetan have been taken from 10 villages which are production centers in Jembrana Regency. Molds that can contaminate pedetan during storage, include Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus aculeatus, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus tubingensis. In this research, the composition of the seasoning from the producer was used to inhibit the growth of contaminant fungi. The minimum antimicrobial inhibition test was carried out by the well diffusion method and the seasoning extract was tested for its inhibition on mold growth on potato dextrose agar (PDA) media. Mold colonies growth test and testing the effect of extracts on mold biomass were carried out in vitro with potato dextrose broth (PDB) media. The results showed that the composition of seasoning garlic, coriander, kaemfiera, galangal, ginger, vinegar, and salt can inhibit Aspergillus spp. Seasoning extract concentrations of 0.5 % (w/v) diameter of inhibitory zone minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) are 0.8 and 1.2 mm for A. aculeatus and A. niger, by 1 mm for A. flavus and A. tubingensis, respectively. Seasoning extract at a concentration of 0.5 % (w/v) is also able to inhibit up to 100 % to the growth of the colony, conidia germination, conidia density, and biomass of A. flavus, A. aculeatus, A. niger, and A. tubingensis that contaminate the sardine fishes pedetan.

HIGHLIGHTS

Pedetan is processed food of seasoned sardine fish (Sardinella lemuru) which is preserved by drying

Molds that can contaminate pedetan during storage, include Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus aculeatus, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus tubingensis

The composition of seasoning garlic, coriander, kaemfiera, galangal, ginger, vinegar, and salt can inhibit Aspergillus spp

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
General Health Awarness Among College Student- A Survey
Authors: Sushma Desai  , Dr. B. Chandrasekhara Rao  , Dr. G. Shiva Kumar  , Dr. T. Rajithasree
Published: August 2022

Aim: This survey study aims to check the level of Health Awareness among Students. Objective: Objective of this survey study was to determine the awareness regarding their own health status by raising questions and their perception & interest in Health Check-ups. Method: conducting a questionnaire based survey for student awareness about general health. Background: To enlighten college students about self-Health care by questionnaire conducted for their benefit and general screening conducted in college. participants included students from B.Pharm and Pharm.D students. Results: Questionnaire was conducted and data obtained from the study was tabulated and represented graphically. Total of 64 responses obtained. Summary & conclusion: Students are quick learners and implement the same in their life. Utilizing this opportunity an attempt has been made to make them realize of one’s health & know the impact on their family. Thereby making it a healthy routine limiting not only to health professionals but also to all people for building a healthy world for a better future..
Caracterización floral del género Capsicum spp, en el Ecuador
Authors: García González Carlos Alberto , Ramírez Loayza Saskia Brigitte , Solano Maza Luiggi Oscar
Published: August 2022

El género Capsicum de la familia Solanácea es propia de Sudamérica, pero se cultiva en todo el mundo por su vital importancia, este género incluye unas 37 especies entre silvestres y domesticadas. Esta investigación se llevó a cabo en cultivares de la Universidad Técnica de Machala (UTMACH) en la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y de la Salud, con el objetivo de clasificar las flores que presentan las especies del género Capsicum, para poder así suministrar información de relevante importancia en referencia a la temática, sobre todo las características morfológicas de sus flores. Para ello se cultivó diferentes especies del género Capsicum en las instalaciones de la UTMACH, las mismas a las que se les ejecutó un estudio minucioso para su posterior clasificación, se realizó un análisis cualitativo tomando en consideración el género y la especie, centrándonos en las características morfológicas que presentaban sus flores. Se clasificaron 5 especies domésticas del género en mención, siendo estas las siguientes: C. annuum var. Annuum, C. chinense, C. frutescens, C. baccatum var. Pendulum y C. pubescens; estas se subclasificaron en cuestión al color característico que presenta sus flores y otros aspectos importantes. En conclusión, se logró clasificar las 5 especies domesticadas del género Capsicum, en los cultivares de la UTMACH, tomando como eje principal los descriptores de flor característicos o morfología de las mismas, que permitieron distinguirlas por sus colores blancas y púrpuras, de entre estas, la especie Capsicum annuum resultó ser la que mejor se adapta a las condiciones ambientales de nuestro país.
Philosophy of Painting
Authors: Gaiger Jason , Davies David , Winters Edward , Hamilton Andy , Parsons Glenn , Thomson-Jones Katherine , Dammann Elisabeth Schellekens , Saito Yuriko , Gaiger Jason
Published: August 2022

What can philosophy reveal about painting and how might it deepen our understanding of this enduring art form? Philosophy of Painting investigates the complex relationship between the painted surface and the depicted subject, opening up current debates to address questions concerning the historicality of art. Embracing contemporary painting, it examines topics such as the post-medium condition and the digital divide, and the work of artists such as Lynette Yiadom-Boakye, Amy Sillman and Katharina Grosse.

Illustrated with 24 colour plates and highly readable throughout, Philosophy of Painting provides a philosophically rigorous defence of the relevance of painting in the 21st century, making an original contribution to the major ideas informing painting as an art. Here is a clear and coherent account of the contemporary significance of painting and the pressures and possibilities that distinguish it from other art forms.
Introduction to Digital Media Design
Authors: Hardy David Leicester
Published: August 2022

Contemporary digital designers work across programmes, platforms and disciplines, but there's not always enough time to become an expert in everything before having to get stuck in to your next project. This is a hands-on approach to take you through the building blocks, common skills and hacks across all forms of digital design so you understand the fundamentals and can start creating straight away.

Assistant Professor David Leicester Hardy uses his years as a teacher and professional designer to provide exercises, activities and instruction so you can make connections and become familiar with topics from:

- User Experience (UX), User Interface (UI) and Interaction Design (IxD)

- Animation and motion graphics

- Virtual (VR), augmented (AR) and mixed reality

Mirroring the real multidisciplinary approaches of digital designers, this book will help you work fluidly and efficiently, whatever the project.
Dressing and Undressing Duchamp
Authors: Mida Ingrid E.
Published: August 2022

Among the vast body of material on iconoclastic artist Marcel Duchamp, an aspect that is little-studied is his engagement with clothing. This book reveals that clothing and dressing are significant themes that recur in Duchamp’s life and his work – including his drawings, his fashioning of his body, his readymades, and in his curatorial gestures. In examining the items of clothing worn by Duchamp and the related traces of his wardrobe management, Duchamp is unmasked as a dandy. His waistcoat readymade series Made to Measure (1957-1961) is in fact a remarkable and deliberate effort to recalibrate the definition of the readymade to include clothing. With this little-studied readymade series, Duchamp established a precedent for sartorial art as a valid form of artistic expression.

In considering the material traces of Duchamp’s fashioning of his body and identity in his work and life, this book makes a highly original contribution to the understanding of Duchamp’s work as well as the significance of the clothed body in the vanguard of Modernism.