bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of the Theme of the Inner World
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

In this chapter, Winnicott addresses the child’s inner world, its paranoid form, its depressive form, and the use of the manic defences to deny inner deadness. He examines the capacity for persecutory or paranoid functioning and its losses for the psyche, the capacity for a depressive richness in the inner world while the depressive mood is held in moderation, and the deployment of manic denial to ward off loss and grief and remain dead inside.
Various Types of Psycho-Therapy Material
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

In this chapter, Winnicott gives examples of the kinds of material from his analytic cases, largely children, which allow him to make interpretations to relieve ongoing symptoms. He classifies the kinds of material as pertaining to (a) external relationships between whole people, (b) samples of the inner world and the theme of the self’s fantasy life within or without, (c) intellectualised material needing reworking in the transference with feeling, not intellect, and (d) material showing weakness in the ego, with threats of unreality and depersonalisation.
Establishment of Relationship with External Reality
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

In Chapter 1, he proposes that, if all goes well, the mother can adapt to the infant such that they may have the illusion of having created all that it has received and enjoyed. He discusses the difficulties of this process for mothers and babies and their carers in the earliest stages. He elaborates on the value for the infant of what he terms ‘transitional states’, states in which something the infant attaches to significantly is, paradoxically, both not wholly from within nor wholly from outside. Benign illusion derives from this area, providing the capacity to dream and to create and to endow external reality with meaning and value. Winnicott also explores the failures of this kind of relationship between mother and baby. He proposes a kind of primary creativity within us all and considers the importance of the mother, the birth, and beginnings for the baby in this, ending the chapter by considering what ‘real’ means.
Integration
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

In this chapter Winnicott describes his views on the early unintegrated state of the newborn (the infant simply as a collection of impulses and sensations, without a sense of wholeness in time and space). This then leads slowly through maternal receptivity to the infant to the beginnings of the achievement of an integrated self. Unintegration for the infant lies behind the sanity of a state of integration for the self, and then the potential for disintegration of the self follows. Winnicott posits that impingement from a variety of external sources is faced at all times by the infant, leading to a possibility of the loss of integration which now, for Winnicott, deserves the term dis-integration. Winnicott feels that the psychotherapist has to keep these processes in mind both in child and adult work.
Chaos
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

In this chapter, Winnicott explores the concept of chaos, with reference to the internal world, preferring to think of it as un-integration. The defensive states that may follow may also be protected by enabling sufficient capacity for illusion in the growing self, but, if this is not the case, splitting within the self—a normal function—can become excessive. This leads to the disruption of the true self with its capacity for spontaneity and the creation of a false self with overcompliance to external reality. The states of disintegration, dissociation, and repression are defined.
Withdrawal and Regression
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

In this chapter, Winnicott describes two different kinds of experience in the analytic setting: withdrawal and regression. Withdrawal is a protective procedure in which the patient holds a regressed part of the self and cares for it at the expense of external relationships. This situation may be cyclical and difficult to resolve. Regression, however, is a form of true healing for the self that may need this extended space in which to recover and acknowledge helplessness and dependence on the analyst and the setting before resuming more mature and independent responsibilities again. Trust, by the patient of the analyst, is a prerequisite of the regressive state, where the very earliest primary narcissistic phase of life may have to be safely recovered and where the analyst must be experienced as dependable.
Environment
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

In this chapter, Winnicott proposes that, in maturity, the environment is something individuals can contribute to and take responsibility for. Adolescents need the stability of the home and school environment against which to grow and rebel. Latency-age children need to be able to take a stable environment for granted and may suffer if home life breaks down. During pre-latency, children need a safe parental couple and home to work out the aspects of the triangular situation. Winnicott refers to many of the disturbances and disruptions of normal family life and their impact on the growing child, including the disturbing experiences of hospitalisation for small children. Emotional growth with an appropriate and sensitive mothering figure enables the child to adapt and become emotionally integrated. Very early narcissistic states and very early dependence—from which independence may follow—are also described. Regression to an earlier stage of dependence may occur during psychotherapy and may have a healing quality if the intense pain associated with dependence can be tolerated.
Psycho-somatic Disorder Reconsidered
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

In the final chapter, Winnicott reconsiders psycho-somatic disorder by using two examples: asthma and gastric ulcer. He suggests that asthma studies indicate the condition to be related to environmental factors and to the child’s management of fantasies of love and hate—and possibly to very early birth and breathing difficulties, although Winnicott states that asthma has still not been fully understood. With gastric ulcer, emotional stress and frequent overactivity, as a manic defence against depression, are factors which may bring about the physical condition. Again, unmanageable conflict over love and hate in fantasy may be relevant.
Preface
Authors: Winnicott Clare , Shepherd R. D.
Published: March 2017

The Preface, by members of the Winnicott Publications Committee, of Winnicott’s posthumously published case history, The Piggle.
Second Consultation
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

The third chapter of The Piggle consists of Winnicott’s verbatim report and commentary on the second consultation with Gabrielle, 11 March, 1964, along with three letters from her the mother and one from her father.
Fourth Consultation
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

The fifth chapter of The Piggle consists of Winnicott’s verbatim report and commentary on the fourth consultation with Gabrielle, 26 May, 1964, and one letter from her mother.
Sixth Consultation
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

The seventh chapter of The Piggle consists of Winnicott’s verbatim report and commentary on the sixth consultation with Gabrielle, 7 July, 1964, and four letters between Winnicott and her parents.
Eighth Consultation
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

The ninth chapter of The Piggle consists of Winnicott’s verbatim report and commentary on the eighth consultation with Gabrielle, 1 December, 1964, along with letters from her parents and a reply from Winnicott.
Thirteenth Consultation
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

The fourteenth chapter of The Piggle consists of Winnicott’s verbatim report and commentary on the thirteenth consultation with Gabrielle, 23 November, 1965, and one letter from her parents.
Alphabetical Bibliography of Works by D. W. Winnicott
Authors: Pearn Clay , Adès Robert
Published: March 2017

Winnicott’s complete bibliography of works presented in alphabetical order.
Winnicott’s Plans for Books
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

The reference lists from the back of four previously published Winnicott books: Collected Papers: Through Paediatrics to Psychoanalysis, Holding and Interpretation: Fragment of an Analysis, The Maturational Processes and the Facilitating Environment and Playing and Reality.
Alphabetical Bibliography of Letters by D. W. Winnicott
Authors: Pearn Clay , Adès Robert
Published: March 2017

Winnicott’s correspondence published in the Collected Works presented in alphabetical order by name of recipient.
Winnicott’s Correspondents
Authors: Adès Robert , Caldwell Lesley , Taylor Robinson Helen , Treacher Kabesh Amal
Published: March 2017

Brief biographies of each of recipient of correspondence from Winnicott published in the Collected Works.
Original Broadcast Scripts
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

Four of Winnicott’s scripts as originally broadcast: two early lectures on The New Baby (1945), the original version of ’The Innate Morality of the Child’ (1949), and Winnicott’s Fan Mail from the series The Ordinary Devoted Mother and Her Baby (1952).
Selected Drawings
Authors: Winnicott Donald W.
Published: March 2017

A collection of doodles, squiggles, drawings, Christmas card designs and signatures by Winnicott.
MASSIVE SUBRETINAL GAS AFTER VITRECTOMY SURGERY: MECHANISM AND MANAGEMENT
Authors: Seamone Mark E. , Lewis Darrell R. , Almeida David , Choudhry Netan , Gupta R. Rishi
Published: March 2017

Purpose:

To describe the complication of subretinal gas after pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, as well as its management.

Methods:

The presence of subretinal gas was noted on postoperative Day 1 after pars plana vitrectomy for a chronic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Resolution of subretinal gas was facilitated by an infusion line and external sclerotomy to expand the vitreous cavity. Residual subretinal gas was removed through a posterior retinotomy after fluid–air exchange.

Results:

This technique resulted in the successful evacuation of subretinal gas, allowing for chorioretinal adhesion and reattachment of the retina.

Conclusion:

Subretinal gas can rarely occur after pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. This complication can be successfully managed by way of external drainage, followed by evacuation of residual gas through fluid–air exchange and posterior retinotomy.
SOLITARY RETINAL CAPILLARY HEMANGIOMA IN A PATIENT WITH BILATERAL CHORIORETINAL COLOBOMA
Authors: Lasave Andres F. , Deromedis Pablo
Published: March 2017

Purpose:

To report a case showing a very rare association of chorioretinal coloboma and retinal capillary hemangioma in a previously healthy patient.

Methods:

Observational case report.

Results:

A 21-year-old woman presented at our clinic for vision screening. She had a history of bilateral chorioretinal coloboma with amblyopia in her left eye. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in her right eye and 20/200 in her left eye. On slit-lamp examination, iris coloboma was observed in the left eye. Fundus evaluation showed inferior chorioretinal coloboma in both eyes, and an elevated, round, and orange-red retinal lesion with feeder vessels localized in the midperipheral region of the right eye. The patient was diagnosed as having solitary retinal capillary hemangioma and underwent argon laser therapy for treating the tumoral lesion. Diagnostic studies were negative for von Hippel–Lindau disease. This is the first reported case of solitary retinal capillary hemangioma associated with bilateral chorioretinal coloboma.

Conclusion:

Chorioretinal coloboma is a congenital defect of the eye caused by improper closure of the embryonic fissure. Retinal capillary hemangioma is a vascular retinal tumor that may occur sporadically or as part of the von Hippel–Lindau syndrome. We report a rare association of chorioretinal coloboma and retinal capillary hemangioma in a previously healthy patient.
Endocan Overexpression in Pterygium
Authors: Kiliç Raşit , Kurt Ali , Tad Murat , Taşdemir Sedat
Published: March 2017

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible role of endocan in the pathogenesis of pterygium.

Methods:

The study was conducted on 33 patients with primary pterygium and 20 control subjects with normal bulbar conjunctiva. Patients with pterygium were graded into 3 groups as atrophic, fleshy, and intermediate, according to the Tan classification. Primary nasal pterygia and normal bulbar conjunctivas were surgically removed. Endocan expression was immunohistochemically investigated.

Results:

Endocan expression in epithelial and endothelial cells was statistically significantly higher in pterygium tissues than control tissues (P = 0.001). No significant correlation was observed between pterygium classification groups and endocan expression in both epithelial and endothelial cells (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:

The results suggest that endocan may have a role in the pathogenesis of pterygium.
Diagnostic challenges, the evaluation of antibiotic allergy
Authors: O’Keefe Andrew , Ben-Shoshan Moshe
Published: March 2017

Purpose of review

Antibiotic allergy is commonly reported and often challenging to evaluate. This review highlights recent developments in our understanding of antibiotic allergy, primarily surrounding evaluation, and diagnosis of antibiotic allergy. We provide historical context to establish a framework, lending relevance to the latest studies.

Recent findings

Clinicians have typically employed skin testing as a first step in the diagnosis of drug allergy, reserving drug provocation challenge, the gold standard for diagnosis, for those with negative skin tests. Although skin tests have a good negative predictive value, the positive predictive value has never been established. An increasing amount of research is demonstrating that drug provocation challenge is well tolerated as the initial evaluation in patients with non-life-threatening reactions to antibiotics. This research also calls into question the value of skin testing in these patients.

Skin testing has long been used as the initial investigation in the diagnosis of drug allergy. New research supports that this may not be necessary in all patients, particularly those with non-life-threatening reactions. Further research into the validity of skin testing is required, along with the development of new diagnostic tests for antibiotic allergy.
Nursing Care of the Patient Undergoing an Anterior Approach to Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Mori Candy , Hageman Danny , Zimmerly Katie
Published: March 2017

The anterior, anterolateral, direct lateral, transtrochanteric, and posterior techniques have historically been the surgical approach to a total hip arthroplasty; however, a forthcoming technique called the direct anterior approach has been demonstrated to produce many patient and physician quality outcomes. These favorable outcomes can include shorter hospital stay, earlier mobility and functionality, decreased medical costs, and increased patient satisfaction scores. Appropriate nursing care during the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases is essential. The purpose of this article is to describe the nursing care for a patient undergoing a direct anterior approach to hip arthroplasty.
The Cure That Lies Within
Authors: Sullivan Erin , Hudson Jeremy
Published: March 2017

The mind and the body are clearly intertwined in ways that are only now being discovered. In the orthopaedic world, injuries and diseases are often classified and described in a very organized, discrete fashion—The radius is fractured, the ACL or meniscus or rotator cuff is torn, the ankle is sprained, and/or the lumbar spine has a disc herniation. Although it is, in many ways, almost comforting to think about injuries or orthopaedic issues in this manner, what about the many patients who fail to fall into this classification? What about the thousands of patients with severe unexplained chronic pain or patients who just are not improving with the typical treatment algorithm. What about patients who present with multiple overlapping symptoms that do not fall into any of the classic diagnosis patterns? The mismatch between the actual health needs of typical patients and the standard acute medical response produces an immense waste of medical resources and incredible frustration for both the patient and the provider and creates a real risk that acute conditions will go untreated and become chronic. After more than a decade of traditional orthopaedic and musculoskeletal practice, its tremendous benefits as well as its limitations have become apparent. These limitations have sparked a search for integration of mind–body considerations to fill some of these gaps. Although this can prove to be quite challenging in today's healthcare world of maximizing volume and decreasing costs, it has proven to be an invaluable resource for both personal growth and patient and family satisfaction. The goals of this 2-part article are to dissect the relatively new concept of the mind–body connection in orthopaedics. The article aims to provide a framework that illustrates how the mind will predictably create objective observable phenomena in the body. The central focus of this framework is the role of the sympathetic nervous system and its effect on the chemistry, biomechanics, and appearance of various tissues in the body. Further identified are factors contributing to the aberrant emotional response as a means to empower practitioners and patients in recognizing the link between negative perception and observable symptoms. Our hope is to ultimately introduce a model of empowerment that when presented to a patient/family can produce a proactive response and, in turn, enhance current orthopaedic and pain management practices.
An Epithelioid Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Stomach With Strong Expression of Keratin: Clinicopathologic Correlation and Follow-up Post-Imatinib Therapy
Authors: Baniak Nick , Lee Lawrence , Zhou Chen , Young Sean , Yu Darryl
Published: March 2017

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the digestive tract. They are relatively rare neoplasms compared with gastrointestinal carcinomas and usually can readily be differentiated from carcinomas based on the morphology of the neoplastic cells that are typically spindled (70%), pure epithelioid, or mixed type. GISTs in general lack expression of cytokeratin and exhibit immunoreactivity toward CD117, CD34, or DOG1. GISTs can demonstrate a pure epithelioid morphology that can appear similar histologically to a carcinoma. Very few epithelioid GISTs have been reported to express cytokeratin, which can lead to diagnostic challenges especially in cases with pure epithelioid morphology. Epithelioid GISTs should be considered in the differential diagnosis when evaluating gastrointestinal neoplasms with overlapping epithelioid and carcinoma-like morphology. An accurate diagnosis can be made using additional immunohistochemical studies directed against CD117, CD34, or DOG1. Advanced investigations such as mutation analysis of KIT using molecular pathology methods can further assist in confirming the diagnosis.
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue: Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Analysis
Authors: Lin Diana M. , Javidiparsijani Sara , Vardouniotis Alexandra , Buckingham Lela , Reddy Swathi B. , Gattuso Paolo
Published: March 2017

Ectopic thyroid tissue is rare and controversial. Some experts consider it to always be metastatic thyroid carcinoma, whereas others consider it benign as long as it is restricted to few follicles without cytoarchitectural features of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and molecular studies have not yet been performed to further characterize this entity. We retrospectively searched our pathology files for all ectopic thyroid inclusions and reviewed clinicopathologic characteristics and concurrent thyroid pathologic findings. We identified 8 cases from 7 patients. Ectopic thyroid tissue was present in the following locations: neck soft tissue: 3, thymus: 2, neck lymph nodes: 2, perihilar soft tissue: 1. All patients had histologically benign thyroid specimens. BRAFV600E (VE1) IHC, HBME-1 IHC, galectin-3 IHC, BRAFV600E allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and NRAS/KRAS pyrosequencing were performed. To assess the sensitivity and specificity of BRAFV600E IHC compared with PCR; we tested 13 cases of primary and metastatic papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas. All the ectopic cases were HBME-1, galectin-3, BRAFV600E (IHC, PCR), and NRAS/KRAS mutation negative (specificity=100%). Compared with PCR, BRAF IHC had 89% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Lack of common carcinoma-associated mutations supports benign nature of this entity. BRAF, HBME-1, and galectin-3 IHC are accurate and helpful when not enough tissue is available for molecular studies. IHC and molecular studies are more helpful than morphology alone in identifying benign thyroid rests.
Chromosome Conformation Paints Reveal the Role of Lamina Association in Genome Organization and Regulation
Authors: Luperchio Teresa R , Sauria Michael EG , Wong Xianrong , Gaillard Marie-Cécile , Tsang Peter , Pekrun Katja , Ach Robert A , Yamada N Alice , Taylor James , Reddy Karen L
Published: March 2017

Non-random, dynamic three-dimensional organization of the nucleus is important for regulation of gene expression. Numerous studies using chromosome conformation capture strategies have uncovered ensemble organizational principles of individual chromosomes, including organization into active (A) and inactive (B) compartments. In addition, large inactive regions of the genome appear to be associated with the nuclear lamina, the so-called Lamina Associated Domains (LADs). However, the interrelationship between overall chromosome conformation and association of domains with the nuclear lamina remains unclear. In particular, the 3D organization of LADs within the context of the entire chromosome has not been investigated. In this study, we describe “chromosome conformation paints” to determine the relationshipin situbetween LAD and non-LAD regions of the genome in single cells. We find that LADs organize into constrained and compact regions at the nuclear lamina, and these findings are supported by an integrated analysis of both DamID and Hi-C data. Using a refined algorithm to identify active (A) and inactive (B) compartments from Hi-C data, we demonstrate that the LADs correspond to the B compartment. We demonstrate thatin situsingle cell chromosome organization is strikingly predicted by integrating both Hi-C and DamID data into a chromosome conformation model. In addition, using the chromosome conformation paints, we demonstrate that LAD (and B-compartment) organization is dependent upon both chromatin state and Lamin A/C. Finally, we demonstrate that small regions within LADs escape the repressive regime at the peripheral zone to interact with the A-compartment and are enriched for both transcription start sites (TSSs) and active enhancers.
A mathematical model for Dengue and Chikungunya in Mexico
Authors: Báez-Hernández Nohemí , Casas-Martínez Mauricio , Danis-Lozano Rogelio , Velasco-Hernández Jorge X.
Published: March 2017

We present a model that incorporates two co-circulating viral diseases, Dengue and Chikungunya, where we allow secondary infections from either of the two diseases. We only consider one vector population, Ae. aegypti since in the Mexican region where we set our scenarios, only this species has been reported to transmit both viruses. We estimate the basic reproduction number and perform numerical simulations for different scenarios where we may observe coexistence of Dengue and Chikungunya; we also compare the results of the model with Dengue and Chikungunya data from Mexico 2015 and we obtain a good model fit. To complete our findings we perform a sensitivity analysis, and calculate the partial rank correlation coefficients (PRCCs) to determine the parameter values influence on the reproduction numbers and predict fate of the diseases.

We show that R0 for each one of the viruses is highly sensitive to the mosquito biting rate and the transmission rates for both diseases with positive influence and the average lifespan of mosquito along with the human recovery rate with negative influence on both diseases. Our results are consistent with those of previous authors.
Sequences of 95 humanMHChaplotypes reveal extreme coding variation in genes other than highly polymorphicHLA class IandII
Authors: Norman Paul J. , Norberg Steven J. , Guethlein Lisbeth A. , Nemat-Gorgani Neda , Royce Thomas , Wroblewski Emily E. , Dunn Tamsen , Mann Tobias , Alicata Claudia , Hollenbach Jill A. , Chang Weihua , Shults Won Melissa , Gunderson Kevin L. , Abi-Rached Laurent , Ronaghi Mostafa , Parham Peter
Published: March 2017

The most polymorphic part of the human genome, theMHC,encodes over 160 proteins of diverse function. Half of them, including theHLA class IandIIgenes, are directly involved in immune responses. Consequently, theMHCregion strongly associates with numerous diseases and clinical therapies. Notoriously, theMHCregion has been intractable to high-throughput analysis at complete sequence resolution, and current reference haplotypes are inadequate for large-scale studies. To address these challenges, we developed a method that specifically captures and sequences the 4.8-MbpMHCregion from genomic DNA. For 95MHChomozygous cell lines we assembled, de novo, a set of high-fidelity contigs and a sequence scaffold, representing a mean 98% of the target region. Included are six alternativeMHCreference sequences of the human genome that we completed and refined. Characterization of the sequence and structural diversity of theMHCregion shows the approach accurately determines the sequences of the highly polymorphicHLA class IandHLA class IIgenes and the complex structural diversity of complement factorC4A/C4B. It has also uncovered extensive and unexpected diversity in otherMHCgenes; an example isMUC22, which encodes a lung mucin and exhibits more coding sequence alleles than anyHLA class IorIIgene studied here. More than 60% of the coding sequence alleles analyzed were previously uncharacterized. We have created a substantial database of robust referenceMHChaplotype sequences that will enable future population scale studies of this complicated and clinically important region of the human genome.
Crystal structure of [2-({2-[(2-azanidylbenzylidene)amino]benzylidene}amino)-4-chlorophenolato]nickel(II)
Authors: Kobayashi Fumiya , Koga Atsushi , Ohtani Ryo , Hayami Shinya , Nakamura Masaaki
Published: March 2017

The title complex, [Ni(C20H14ClN3O)], with an asymmetrically chloride-appended Schiff base ligand has been synthesized and structurally characterized at 100 K. In the compound, the central nickel(II) ion has a square-planar coordination geometry with N3O donors of the π-conjugated tetradentate Schiff base ligand. In the crystal, the complexes are connected into an inversion dimerviaan Ni...Ni interaction [3.1753 (5) Å] and a pair of π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.8416 (16) Å]. The dimers are linkedviaa C—H...Cl hydrogen bond, forming a chain along thec-axis direction. The dimer chains interact with each other through π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.8736 (16) Å], forming a layer expanding parallel to theacplane.
N′-[1-(5-Bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)ethylidene]isonicotinohydrazide monohydrate: crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis
Authors: Lee See Mun , Halcovitch Nathan R. , Jotani Mukesh M. , Tiekink Edward R. T.
Published: March 2017

In the title isonicotinohydrazide hydrate, C14H12BrN3O2·H2O {systematic name:N′-[(1E)-1-(5-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)ethylidene]pyridine-4-carbohydrazide monohydrate}, the central CN2O region of the organic molecule is planar and the conformation about the imine-C=N bond isE. While an intramolecular hydroxy-O—H...N(imine) hydrogen bond is evident, the dihedral angle between the central residue and the benzene rings is 48.99 (9)°. Overall, the molecule is twisted, as seen in the dihedral angle of 71.79 (6)° between the outer rings. In the crystal, hydrogen-bonding interactions,i.e. hydrazide-N—H...O(water), water-O—H...O(carbonyl) and water-O—H...N(pyridyl), lead to supramolecular ribbons along thea-axis direction. Connections between these, leading to a three-dimensional architecture, are mediated by Br...Br halogen bonding [3.5366 (3) Å], pyridyl-C—H...O(carbonyl) as well as weak π–π interactions [inter-centroid separation between benzene rings = 3.9315 (12) Å]. The Hirshfeld surface analysis reveals the importance of hydrogen atoms in the supramolecular connectivity as well as the influence of the Br...Br halogen bonding.
Crystal structure of 3,3′-biisoxazole-5,5′-bis(methylene) dinitrate (BIDN)
Authors: Sausa Rosario C. , Pesce-Rodriguez Rose A. , Wingard Leah A. , Guzmán Pablo E. , Sabatini Jesse J.
Published: March 2017

The molecular structure of the title energetic compound, C8H6N4O8, is composed of two planar isoxazole rings and two near planar alkyl-nitrate groups (r.m.s deviation = 0.006 Å). In the crystal, the molecule sits on an inversion center, thusZ′ = 0.5. The dihedral angle between the isoxazole ring and the nitrate group is 69.58 (8)°. van der Waals contacts dominate the intermolecular interactions. Inversion-related rings are in close slip-stacked proximity, with an interplanar separation of 3.101 (3) Å [centroid–centroid distance = 3.701 (3) Å]. The measured and calculated densities are in good agreement (1.585versus1.610 Mg m−3).
Dissecting random and systematic differences between noisy composite data sets
Authors: Diederichs Kay
Published: March 2017

Composite data sets measured on different objects are usually affected by random errors, but may also be influenced by systematic (genuine) differences in the objects themselves, or the experimental conditions. If the individual measurements forming each data set are quantitative and approximately normally distributed, a correlation coefficient is often used to compare data sets. However, the relations between data sets are not obvious from the matrix of pairwise correlations since the numerical value of the correlation coefficient is lowered by both random and systematic differences between the data sets. This work presents a multidimensional scaling analysis of the pairwise correlation coefficients which places data sets into a unit sphere within low-dimensional space, at a position given by their CC* values [as defined by Karplus & Diederichs (2012),Science,336, 1030–1033] in the radial direction and by their systematic differences in one or more angular directions. This dimensionality reduction can not only be used for classification purposes, but also to derive data-set relations on a continuous scale. Projecting the arrangement of data sets onto the subspace spanned by systematic differences (the surface of a unit sphere) allows, irrespective of the random-error levels, the identification of clusters of closely related data sets. The method gains power with increasing numbers of data sets. It is illustrated with an example from low signal-to-noise ratio image processing, and an application in macromolecular crystallography is shown, but the approach is completely general and thus should be widely applicable.
Role of offender perception in treatment outcome
Authors: Sevene Andrea M. , Edlund John E. , Easton Caroline J.
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to address a possible interaction of cognitive distortions associated with substance dependency and intimate partner violence (IPV), and the effects on subsequent behavior. The primary focus was to investigate the relationship between offender perception (i.e. perception of family problems (FP) and perception of need for treatment for family problems (FPTx)) and treatment outcome (i.e. substance use and violence), among a unique sample of substance dependent male offenders of IPV. An additional investigation included the change in perception from baseline to the end of treatment.

Design/methodology/approach

In total, 63 participants were randomly assigned to one of two treatment conditions and assessed across 12 weeks of treatment.

Findings

Participants in the (FP+) (i.e. those who perceived family problems at baseline) and (FPTx+) (i.e. those who perceived a need for treatment for family problems at baseline) conditions reported a significantly greater change in the number of days of violence from baseline to the end of treatment, compared to participants in the (FP−) (i.e. those who did not perceive family problems at baseline) and (FPTx−) (i.e. participants who perceived no need for treatment at baseline) conditions. (FP+) and (FPTx+) participants had significant decreases in any violent behavior from pre- to post-treatment.

Originality/value

The results of this study highlight the importance of techniques aimed at improving clients’ ability to recognize and admit to problem behaviors, a critical component of cognitive-behavioral therapy, in an effort to increase their motivation for treatment, thus leading to greater treatment success.
Drug use and mental health in a Secure Children’s Home
Authors: Pates Richard Martin , Hooper Kristian
Published: March 2017

Purpose

Secure Children’s Homes are safe environments where many of the most troubled children in British society are resident. These children are from either a criminal background or referred for protection of themselves and others from harm. There is often a history of drug use and diagnoses of mental health problems before admission. The purpose of this paper is to examine one Secure Children’s Home to determine the level of drug use prior to admission compared to surveys of children not in this environment and to examine the veracity of the mental health diagnoses.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is a retrospective examination of case notes for admissions from 2014 to 2015.

Findings

The study found much higher levels of drug use than in the general population at similar age and a wide diagnosis of mental health problems prior to admission.

Research limitations/implications

Levels of harm from traumatic childhood events need to be recognised by referrers as maybe leading to attachment disorders and not mental health problems. More research is needed into the outcomes form Secure Children’s Homes in the long term.

Practical implications

The children in these homes do have as anticipated much higher levels of drug use than in the general population and high levels of mental health diagnoses which are not always borne out during their admission to the children’s home.

Originality/value

This is an examination of a special population of young people indicating high levels of drug use and mental health problems.
Why the availability of telecommuting matters
Authors: Masuda Aline D. , Holtschlag Claudia , Nicklin Jessica M.
Published: March 2017

Purpose

In line with conservation of resources theory and signaling theory, the purpose of this paper is to conceptualize and test a multiple mediation model in which telecommuting affects engagement via perceived supervisor goal support and goal progress.

Design/methodology/approach

A three-phase longitudinal study carried out over ten months was used to test the hypotheses.

Findings

Individuals who worked in organizations that offer telecommuting were more engaged than those who worked in organizations that did not offer telecommuting. Furthermore, telecommuting availability was not only directly but also indirectly related to engagement via perceived supervisor goal support and goal progress. Engagement in general decreased over time. However, individuals who attained their personal work goals were able to maintain high levels of engagement.

Research limitations/implications

Giving employees the option to telecommute could increase employee engagement. This study is correlational in nature and relied on self-report data.

Originality/value

This is the first study examining the effects of telecommuting on engagement over a period of ten months. It is also the first study to use perceived supervisor goal support and goal progress as explanatory variables to the teleworking and engagement relationship.
Community benefits agreements (CBAs): a typology for shrinking cities
Authors: Patterson Kelly L. , Ranahan Molly , Silverman Robert M. , Yin Li
Published: March 2017

Purpose

Community benefits agreements (CBAs) redistribute the benefits of new development to distressed communities and historically disenfranchised groups. They allow coalitions of labor and grassroots organizations to negotiate for concessions in the development process. Yet, CBAs are a relatively new tool used in planning and local economic development, and specification about their content and scope is evolving. Some of the earliest CBAs were negotiated in cities experiencing an influx of new growth and investment. However, less is known about the scope of CBA negotiations in shrinking cities where economic development is relatively anemic. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper offers an extension to the existing literature through an exploratory analysis of the scope of CBAs in the ten fastest shrinking cities in the USA between 2000 and 2010. The analysis is organized in three parts. First, the authors present a CBA typology that differentiates among CBAs negotiated with developers in the public, private and nonprofit sectors. Second, the authors compare neighborhood conditions in shrinking cities with CBAs to those without negotiated agreements. Finally, the authors discuss critical cases where CBA negotiations have occurred in shrinking cities.

Findings

Grassroots coalitions have more leverage when negotiating for concessions with private sector developers vs developers from the public and nonprofit sectors. The added leverage is attributed to the high profile and limited public benefits associated with projects pursued by private sector developers. Moreover, shrinking cities face additional obstacles when negotiating CBAs. The authors concluded that cities with the highest levels of physical distress are the least likely to negotiate and adopt CBAs.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the literature by focusing on CBAs in shrinking cities. It also highlights nuisances in CBA negotiations with developers from the private, public and nonprofit sectors. Although the analysis focused on the US context, the inclusion of these perspectives in the CBA typology provides researchers in other institutional settings with a common framework for comparative analysis.
Impact of other customers in high and low involvement services
Authors: Sengupta Aditi Sarkar , S Sreejesh
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of other customer perception (OCP) (Brocato et al., 2012) on focal customer’s service quality perception and revisit intention in high- and low-involvement services and the effect of customer’s need for uniqueness (NFU) as a boundary condition of the above relationships.

Design/methodology/approach

Following a theoretical methodology, hypotheses were developed to analyze the effect of OCP, service involvement and customer’s NFU. A 2 × 2 × 2 scenario-based experiment was designed. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to test the hypotheses.

Findings

The analysis reveals that the presence of conforming (versus non-conforming) other customers improves service quality perception and revisit intention of focal customers in high-involvement services, but not in low-involvement services. However, the relationship between similarity perception and outcome variables does not hold good for high-NFU customers.

Practical implications

This study suggests that conforming and non-conforming other customers are critical in forming service quality perception of high-involvement services, and highlights the boundary condition of this relationship. If service managers take service involvement and individual differences into account, and strategize their service offering aligned to their target customers, influence of other customers can be managed more efficiently.

Originality/value

As this study is one of the first empirical studies to focus on the effect of OCP on service quality perception and examine its boundary condition, it contributes significantly to the body of knowledge. Future research directions are discussed and managerial implications are proposed.
Understanding supervision in health and social care through the experiences of practitioners in Scotland
Authors: Allbutt Helen , Colthart Iain , El-Farargy Nancy , Sturgeon Caroline , Vallis Jo , Lough Murray
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe a collaborative study on supervision with health and social care practitioners in Scotland. The study attempted to gain a better understanding about the use and benefit of supervision from a multiprofessional perspective.

Design/methodology/approach

Consultation events with health and social care staff and 12 informant interviews were undertaken. Data analysis was via the Framework Method.

Findings

Managers were more likely to conceive of supervision as a positive intervention than those in lower pay bands. The practice of supervision was variable. Not all staff appeared to take part in regular supervisory activities even when it was mandated. A lack of professional, organisational or local commitment to implement robust supervisory structures and processes was seen as the major barrier to effective supervision.

Research limitations/implications

This was a small study, thus findings would need to be confirmed by health and social care staff working across a wider spectrum of disciplines and regions across Scotland.

Practical implications

A combination of factors would seem to determine effective supervisory practice. Supervision was perceived to be of benefit when individuals were willing to participate fully, when there was reflection and planned action, constructive challenge, respectful relationships, regular and protected sessions and processes were appropriate to an employee’s circumstances.

Originality/value

This study situates supervision in the current context of health and social care and finds it to be an irregular practice. The findings confirm the existing literature about the importance of supervisor-supervisee relationships but explain differing perceptions of supervision in terms of staff seniority.
Bringing integration home
Authors: Kaehne Axel , Birrell Derek , Miller Robin , Petch Alison
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to outline relevant policies on the integration of health and social care (HSC) in the four home nations: Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and England and offer a comparison of emphasis and approaches and draw out general insights on the implementation of integrated care policy.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is written as a piece of critical reflection by drawing on the authors’ knowledge and expertise and wider evidence where available.

Findings

Since 2010, HSC integration has started to diverge significantly in the four constituent countries of the UK. Although England and Wales have undergone considerable re-organisation of the NHS, Scotland and Northern Ireland have largely been marked by organisational continuity. However, beyond organisational differences, policy approaches, policy emphases and implementation strategies have also started to show considerable dissimilarity across the UK. An important contributory factor may be different ideological perspectives on the role of competition and pilots, partnership, patient choice and organisational incentives to bring about change in the field.

Research limitations/implications

The paper identifies a serious lack of comparative research in integration policy, despite the considerable opportunities for quasi-experimental studies. This lack of empirical research impedes shared learning across the home nations.

Originality/value

The paper presents a descriptive comparison of current integration policy between HSC providers in the four home nations. It reveals considerable opportunities for further research and comparative modelling of integration approaches.
Succession planning and family business performance in SMEs
Authors: Mokhber Mozhdeh , Gi Gi Tan , Abdul Rasid Siti Zaleha , Vakilbashi Amin , Mohd Zamil Noraiza , Woon Seng Yee
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of preparation level of heirs and the relationship between family and business members on the performance of family business in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative research design involving the use of a survey questionnaire was implemented to investigate the influences of succession planning factors on the performance of family business in SMEs. The survey was conducted on 50 family business successors in Malaysian SMEs.

Findings

The result showed that the two studied factors – preparation level of heirs and the relationship between family and business members – have a positive impact on the performance of family business.

Research limitations/implications

The research concentrated on the performance of family business in SMEs in Malaysia’s southern region. The generalization therefore must be made very cautiously to the overall Malaysian SMEs.

Practical implications

The findings help family businesses to better understand the importance of the preparation level of heirs and the relationship between family and business members on business performance. This study shows the importance of key factors influencing succession planning so that the successor to the family business can bring the family firm to the next stage of success.

Originality/value

This study serves as a reference or guide for the management of family businesses to better understand the important factors for effective succession planning. It considers the best possible preparation and family-related factors affecting the end results of business, particularly in Malaysian SMEs.