bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining sustainable e-Learning
Authors: Mohamed Sofiadin Aidrina
Published: April 2024

In previous work, sustainable e-Learning has largely been defined in economic terms, based on the cost associated with the initial development and later deployment and ongoing operation of online learning programs.  Although the definition of sustainable development has been broadened in other disciplines to include non-economic dimensions, this has largely not been considered in the context of sustainable e-Learning.  This paper addresses this limitation by providing new definitions of sustainable e-Learning that are based on the triple bottom line cost accounting framework.  The triple bottom line recognizes that sustainability is based on the inter-relationship of factors that include societal and environmental dimensions in addition to economic considerations. This paper provides new definitions of sustainable e-Learning, derived following a scoping analysis that categorized existing literature based on the triple bottom line framework. To derive the new definitions, this analysis identified societal, environmental and economic factors of e-Learning as found in the existing literature, but recast these in the context of triple bottom line sustainability concepts and nomenclature.  For example, e-Learning that develops life long learning skills can be considered a national renewable resource when aggregated across learners and institutions. This has the potential for broad societal and economic impact when considered on a national level.  The potential for managing and auditing sustainable e-Learning based on the new definitions is considered in the context of a developing country such as Malaysia.
Practice Knowledge Sharing in Academic Libraries: The Annotation of Previous Research
Authors: Ahmed Barrie , Bin Mohammad Noor Noor Hasrul Nizan
Published: April 2024

Purpose - The main aim of this paper is to find out whether the library staff is in compliance with the practice of knowledge sharing practices and whether there is a need for knowledge sharing strategies. Hence, the objective is to find out the degree to which knowledge sharing practices among library staff in their daily operations.

Design/Methodology/Approach - This study proposes that knowledge sharing practices involve managerial support and individual creativity. It also suggests that senior management needs to support the process of knowledge sharing activities... This conceptual study intends to present its conceptual framework based on previous studies and findings.

Findings - Previous studies have indicated that five factors such as environmental factor, teamwork, trust, work culture, and technology have a positive effect on knowledge sharing practice.

Research limitations/implications - This study is limited to the library staff at the IIUM academic library in Gombak campus. It estimates and measures the efficiency and effectiveness as well as explore the effect of knowledge sharing and use of knowledge practices amongst the library staff at IIUM academic library.   

Originality/value â€“ This is original research aims to enhance the body of literature in knowledge sharing practices in academic libraries by using IIUM Gombak campus library staff as a study setting.
Predicting Spatial Displacement Based on Intraocular Image Design Using Convolution Neural Network – Preliminary Findings
Authors: Mohd Tamrin Mohd Izzuddin , Che Azemin Mohd Zulfaezal , Md Noor Rudin Noor Fawazi , Mohd Salleh Mohd Hazimin , Hilmi Mohd Radzi , Alwan Ali Amer , Shah Asadullah
Published: April 2024

The main global cause for blindness is due to cataract. The common treatment for cataract is to have the cloudy natural lens to be removed and replace with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL). Success in the post cataract surgery depends on the design and quality of the IOL implanted on the eye. ISO11979-3 is the standard adhered to by many lens manufacturers, to test the mechanical stability of their lenses that were produced. This compression test experiments on the lab are very costly and time consuming. Alternatively, we propose to use the convolution neural network (CNN) to predict the spatial displacement response based on the intraocular image designs. Due to limited number of images in the datasets, data augmentation was performed to tranform these images and increase the sample size to 240. On top of this, the ResNet-50 deep learning network architecture was utilized to transfer the learning done on over millions of images. The final RMSE value for the training set, validation set and testing set were at 0.47mm, 2.93mm and 2.92mm respectively. The model predictabillity is well within the range recommended by the standard between 0.15 to 1.98 mm.
VIRTUAL REALITY BASED ANDROID APPLICATION FOR SPECIAL CHILDREN
Authors: Bhatti Zeeshan , Shabbir Naila , Arshad Maryam , Shaikh Midhat
Published: April 2024

Dyscalculia is a hidden neurological disorder in which a child feels difficulty while learning mathematics.  Several Virtual reality based applications for cognitive learning for a special group of users have been developed and effectively used to learn complex concepts of various subjects. In our proposed virtual reality android based application we try to combat the issues of dyscalculia children to learn and understand basic of place value of digits and basic mathematical operations in an effective and immersive interactive environment of Virtual reality based class room.
Private Higher Education Institutions in the Digital and Pandemic Era
Authors: Abd Ghapha Siti Norhusna , Ahmad Dahlan Abdul Rahman
Published: April 2024

Enterprise risk management (ERM) is created to identify risks and helps organizations to achieve their targets successfully with less obstacles. ERM is to assist senior management be more aware of the increasingly wide spectrum of threats affecting them and thus more proactive, taking action to avoid what they can but also prepare for worse case scenarios to lessen the damage of events that are out of their control. ERM as an important part of a business performance measurement systems, in managing risks and uncertainties, for the successful implementation of strategic initiatives of an organization. ERM acts as an internal control mechanism with safeguard which provides rule and regulation, policies and guidelines. The main risk management standard that has been developed is the ISO31000 which provides a statement of risk management principles, as well as a description of the risk management framework and process. One of the standards which involve technology in risk management is ISO27000. It provides the overview of information security management systems (ISMS). While the environment of constant change and disruption creates opportunities for institutions to differentiate themselves in a crowded market, it also creates a growing array of risks that can quickly derail their strategy. Further, institutions should consider developing an “integrated and enterprise wide” approach to risk management, as opposed to siloed plans that exist within specific divisions or units to deal with risks specific to their overall institutional function or mission. This paper offers the conceptual integrated ERM (IERM) business model, in the form of Business Model Canvas (BMC), for private higher education institutions’ (PHEI) ability to generate adequate revenue and, in some cases, to even exist. Business model risks challenge an institution’s ability to remain relevance in an environment where new approaches to education delivery, revenue generation, and enrollment are evolving rapidly. PHEI that do not plan for these factors through innovation, enhancing productivity, and leveraging and protecting their strategic information and digital asset may find themselves outpaced by more agile competitors. Especially, during this era of globalization, digitalization and pandemic that have constantly change the livelihood and economic of nations, institutions, businesses, and people.
TRUST BASED SECURITY MODEL FOR CLOUD SYSTEMS IN AN ORGANIZATION
Authors: SAALEM RAHMANI MOHAMMAD , IBRAHIM SALEH AL HUSSAINI ABULFATHI , ABUBAKAR IBRAHIM ADAMU
Published: April 2024

Cloud storage provides great benefits and advantages like reduction in cost, increased flexibility, elasticity and the efficient use of resources. With these great advantages, there are concerns and problem for cloud users. Some obstacles in using cloud computing services are because of its distributed and untransparent nature. That's why users have no control over their data and information and are not sure of whether or not to trust cloud providers. Therefore, the objective of this research is to examine the influence of customer and provider characteristics on cloud service outcome, impact of Trust on cloud service outcome, and to examine if Trust mediate the relationship of customer characteristics and provider’s characteristics with cloud service outcome. In order to achieve the objectives of this research, the analyses of measurement model, factor analysis, assessment of structure model and regression analysis has been conducted. The Findings of this study shows that the existing threats in cloud service is one of the reason why users are not trusting cloud service providers. These threats which are privacy and security cause unwillingness to use cloud services. This study also found that Trust plays an enormous role for cloud service users and providers because it increases usage, willingness to use among customers, and reputation of cloud service providers. It also found that Outcome is really low if there is no trust in these services. This study will help cloud service providers/developers to know the reasons why some people and organizations are not willing to use their services.
INTEGRATED RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE DIGITAL AND PANDEMIC ERA
Authors: Akmal Mohamad Afiq , Ahmad Dahlan Abdul Rahman
Published: April 2024

Business across all sectors are affected by the pandemic and are facing a formidable challenge in terms of digitalisation, the best way to evaluate a company's performance is by having a deep knowledge in their risk management. It is very important that the company have a proper risk management system in place to manage their various risks. This is a requirement for a business company in order to have a proper continuity in operations during this pandemic and digital era. The risk management is a vital part of any company's operations to help them prepare and mitigate against the risks that have been identified. This study aims to explore the various aspects of risk management in Energy Services Company and to discuss on business model using Business Model Canvas [BMC] framework that will enable the company to identify its strategic assets. Thus, building a more effective and relevant Integrated Enterprise Risk Management [IERM] and Risk Management System to ensure business continuity, sustainability, and relevancy.
BUSINESS CONTINUITY OF EDUCATION DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN BANGLADESH: RESPONSE AND RECOVERY STRATEGIES
Authors: Nahreen Zannat Nahreen , Nowshin Nadia , Ibrahim Jamaludin
Published: April 2024

The pandemic of COVID-19 is considered the mostchallenging problem faced by the world at this moment. This ongoing pandemicIt has ravaged many countries. Furthermore, the situation is deteriorating by theday due to the mutation of various variations. Many developed countries withwell-established medical facilities continue to face problems, while Bangladesh,a developing country on the Indian subcontinent, is doing everything to mitigatethe impact. This lethal virus has not only taken lives but has also wreaked havocon the education system in this impoverished country. To maintain the country'slockdown and social distancing, the government has closed down all educationalinstitutions and began an online learning period from the beginning of thepandemic until today. In this paper, the authors aim to highlight the challengingimpact Bangladesh is currently facing in education and the response andrecovery strategies taken by authorities to drive the education sector.
INTEGRATED ENTERPRISE RISK MANAGEMENT (IERM) FOR PENSION FUND ORGANISATIONS: FROM A TECHNOLOGY POINT OF VIEW
Authors: Muhidin Noor Nabil , Ahmad Dahlan Abdul Rahman
Published: April 2024

Any appraisal at this point must keep in mind that the epidemic is far from over and that the pandemic was economic and financial consequences has been considerably reduced due to the strong governmental efforts. Such event occurred in this digital era has shaped many financial institutions, including the pension funds, to take bold policy actions to overcome this issue in the future, as their role in protecting and managing people`s retirement savings is crucial and critical (Feher and Bidegain, 2020). A pension fund is also an institutional investor who invests substantial sums of money in public and private enterprises. The principal purpose of a pension fund is to ensure that there will be enough money to cover employees' pensions once they retire in the future. Proper Integrated Enterprise Risk Management (IERM) is needed to cater for ISO 31000: 2018 Risk Management Standard – Principles and Guidelines and ISO 27001:2013 Information technology — Security techniques — Information security management systems — Requirements. This paper attempts to highlight the key IT-related risk factors and IERM in the context of a pension fund in this digitalization and post Covid-19 era; among others is the enhancement of performance of the investment system, digital readiness, technology-related processes, and system integrity.
SKILL HUB: A CONCEPTUAL BUSINESS MODEL THAT GIVES JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR FREELANCERS AND B40 COMMUNITY
Authors: Amran Muhammd Ammar Zakwan , Khairul Akmal Siti Nur Adawiyah , Sapee-e Nuridah , Ahmad Dahlan Abdul Rahman
Published: April 2024

The goal of this paper is to present a conceptual Skill Hub business model, complete with its digital platform and apps, that is in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The Skill Hub business concept and platform offer potential advantages to its consumers. The Customer Segments in this study are the people who are busy and need an immediate service, the service providers who do not have a good platform to promote their services, the low-income people (B40) who lack the contemporary skill set, and the donors who do not have the trusted platform to donate their money. Skill Hub offers quick services in many fields without the need to waste time in searching, surveying and giving solutions to the unemployment issues. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) that can be found in this paper are SDG 1 - No Poverty (the issues of poverty in Malaysia), SDG 8 - Decent Work and Economic Growth (concerns with unemployment and underemployment problems), and SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production (training that ensuring long-term consumption). The Design Thinking (DT) methodology is used in this study to identify significant challenges and propose possible effective solutions. This process entails completing a literature research, benchmarking, and surveys or interviews to understand and define the issue space of consumer segments, as well as brainstorming, prototyping, and testing potential solutions. The business modelling tools that have been used for the problem and solution area of the customers are Environmental Map (EM), Business Model Canvas (BMC), Value Proposition Design Canvas (VPC) and Strategy Canvas (SC). The initial business model prototype was prepared by EM, BMC and VPC while the low-fidelity Skill Hub prototype was created and tested with various consumer segments. Thus, the Skill Hub business concept and platform offer potential advantages to its consumers and come out with the solution for their difficulties and pains.
RANDOM FOREST-BASED CLASSIFIER FOR AUTOMATIC SARCASM CLASSIFICATION ON TWITTER DATA USING MULTIPLE FEATURES
Authors: Eke Christopher , Norman Azah Anir , Shuib Liyana , Faith B. Fatokun , Long Zalizah Awang
Published: April 2024

Sarcasm is one of the nonliteral languages usually employed in social networks and microblogging websites to convey implicit information in an individual communication message. This could lead to the misclassification of tweets. This paper focuses on sarcasm detection on tweets, which has been experimented with the use of textual features. The textual features comprise the Neural language fusion and Natural language features, which include sentiment-related features, semantic and synthetic features, punctuation-related features, and GloVe embedding features. The features mentioned above were extracted separately from the target tweet and fused to form fused features for the target tweet. The proposed predictive model attained an accuracy of 86.9% with a random forest classifier, which outperformed other models employed in the experiment, such as DT (83.9), SVM (80.5), KNN (83.1), and LR (82.9).
E-LEARNING APPLICATION FOR AUTISM CHILDREN
Authors: RAHMAN MD ABDUR , RAHMAN MD SAJIBUR , MOHAMMAD SUFIADIN AIDRINA BINTE
Published: April 2024

‘Auticore’ is a e-learning mobile application that will particularly help all the autism children to learn communication skills and to become a productive child from the childhood. All the features and interfaces are designed for children with autism spectrum disorder and Important features which may improve the quality of their learning abilities. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a global plan to reduce inequality both inside and between countries. Autism is one of the challenging factors nowadays. Autism spectrum disorder, the name adopted in 2013, is a developmental disorder characterized by persistent problems in social communication and interaction, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. The following project is specified the implementation process of E-learning application for students with autism spectrum disorder. The main goal of the project is to develop a mobile application to create a better and smartest way to learn social communication skills for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).
A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK: CULTURAL BASED APPROACH IN COLLABORATIVE ONLINE LEARNING IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS
Authors: HANIS FARHAN , DALBIR SINGH  , MANSOR ZULKEFLI , NORMAN HELMI
Published: April 2024

Collaborative learning has been utilised throughout the years to deliver educational content for various levels of students in schools. Previously, less emphasis was given to the online support mode as the conventional method exists. However, as schools across the globe closed in response to the Covid-19 pandemic, students from various levels experienced a severe disruption to their learning process. Though most schools quickly began offering some online learning, there have been growing concerns about the effects of this unprecedented shift. In addition, such a paradigm shift has also witnessed parents' significant role in ensuring the effective delivery of educational content through online platforms. In such a situation, parents were expected to support the learning process. However, less support from other stakeholders makes it challenging for parents to support their children's learning online. Although various strategies and best practices exist globally, engaging students, parents, teachers, and relevant stakeholders towards collaborative online learning is crucial. Based on relevant previous studies, engagement towards online learning is highly influenced by the user's cultural background in getting successful collaboration among all stakeholders. Thus, the proposed study aims to investigate and propose a conceptual framework for a collaborative online learning model based on a cultural-based approach. It applies a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) based on relevant previous studies. A preliminary study has conducted a comparative review based on strategies and best practices. Initial findings divulge that cultural background influences the teacher-parent engagement towards collaborative online learning provided by the school and relevant authorities. Therefore, findings from the proposed study could improve the quality of learning in primary schools, in line with SDG4 and 4IR.
Application problems of legislation on administrative offenses in the field of customs
Authors: Taitorina B.A. , Baisalova G.T. , Assanova A.A.
Published: April 2024

The work reveals the concept and features of the qualification of administrative offenses; the choice of administrative penalties applied to persons guilty of their commission is justified; The types of administrative responsibility for committing administrative offenses encroaching on the normal activities of customs authorities are identified. The authors revealed signs of the composition of violations of customs rules. The possibility of using some of them as classification criteria to determine the basis of administrative responsibility made it possible to identify the features of administrative tort, and at the same time, to form a specific type of classification of offenses. The authors of the article found that the specifics of administrative-legal coercion in case of violation of customs rules are determined by its following main features: 1) application mainly by customs authorities and their officials, as well as judges in the framework of relevant law enforcement relations; 2) the use of organizational and technical means to ensure its use; 3) application in administrative and jurisdictional activities of customs authorities, which goes beyond the scope of proceedings on administrative offenses; 4) the application of coercive measures mainly of a property nature; 5) close relationship with the forms of customs control. The study proposes a solution to legal and organizational problems arising from the  application of administrative law enforcement in violation of customs regulations, taking into account the specifics of customs and administrative legislation.
The role of political parties in the election of deputies Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Amandykova S.K. , Bukalerova L. , Korpebayev Zh.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the participation of political parties in the elections of deputies of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan, including deputies of the Mazhilis of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The role of political parties as an institution of representative democracy, which is expressed in the representation of the opinion of the people in the legislative branch of power, is substantiated. In the process of research, the laws were studied: the constitutional law of the Republic of Kazakhstan «On Elections in the Republic of Kazakhstan», the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan «On Political Parties». The analysis of the activities of political parties of the Republic of Kazakhstan and foreign countries through an in-depth study of  laws and practice. A study of the practice of legal regulation and the participation of political parties in legislative elections in foreign countries shows the limited approaches used in Kazakhstani legislation to create favorable conditions for the establishment of a multi-party system, to involve the widest sections of the population in political activity and to participate in the elections of deputies of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Features of the proportional electoral system of the system that are used in the  election of deputies  of the Mazhilis of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan were identified. The article shows the processes of a gradual transition from a majoritarian electoral system to a proportional system, which allowed  political parties in Kazakhstan and a number of foreign countries to actively participate in the process of election of deputies. When  writing the article, the authors used general methods of scientific knowledge: synthesis and analysis, induction, deduction, modeling, which made it possible to comprehensively consider the studied constitutional and legal phenomena. The methods of comparative legal, systemic, logical and statistical were also applied.
Artificial Intelligence versus nurses: A new challenge in caring human being
Authors: Handayani Estrin , Choo Jimmy
Published: April 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to significantly impact the field of healthcare, including the role of nurses in hospitals or other settings. A quiet revolution in nursing care is underway as AI quietly takes its place beside dedicated healthcare professionals in the bustling corridors of modern care. In this era of technological advancement, AI is finding a meaningful role in transforming the landscape of patient care, the role of nurses, and the heartbeat of any hospital. AI algorithms, silently at work in the background, analyze patient records, historical data, and vitals, presenting a comprehensive snapshot of each patient's health status. This digital development empowers nurses with predictive insights, highlighting potential risks and enabling a proactive approach to patient-centered care. In the realm of diagnostics, AI showcases its prowess. Nurses, supported by intelligent algorithms, receive nuanced analyses of diagnostic tests, allowing for more precise interpretations of clinical findings. Using AI will lift the burden of manual data interpretation, giving nurses more time to focus on critical thinking and compassionate care.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; nursing care; nursing improvement; quality of life; clinical nursing practice
METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF FORMING A DIGITAL BUSINESS ECOSYSTEM OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY ENTERPRISES
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Zghurska O. M.
Published: April 2024

During the research it was determined that the digital business ecosystem is a whole complex of interconnected elements of the organization of functional and institutional relationships of economic entities, the formation of which consists in ensuring the effective strategic development of ICT enterprises by initiating certain additional economic entities: state structures (state authorities, state institutions), business structures, non-profit organizations, communities and social groups of the population. It was established that the effective implementation of the developed digital ecosystem of ICT enterprises is based on a client-centric approach not only to attract the target audience with various goods and services, but also to keep them within the functioning of the digital ecosystem in order to increase the duration of the consumer's stay in the ecosystem (customer-centric approach) by focusing attention on his diverse and urgent needs in order to achieve a high level of competitive advantages in the target market. In the research have been determined that in the conditions of growing demand in the ICT market, the online service is rapidly developing, digital information innovations are being implemented, including digital information products, digital channels and business models, as a result of which there is a digitalization of cooperation: the increasing use of digital information and communication innovations in the relationship with management financial resources. Due to the high digitization of the complex of products and services, the enterprises studied in the article, satisfy a significant part of the needs of their customers in their own ecosystem are characterized as effective financial indicators obtained as a result of reaching a significant client base. Thus, the most important goal of domestic ICT enterprises forming a digital ecosystem is the development of a client-centric approach not only to attract the target audience with various services, but also to increase the duration of the consumer's stay in the ecosystem by focusing attention on his needs and providing the potential consumer with favorable conditions for using a complex of digital products and services.
PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT STRATEGY OF THE ENTERPRISE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARITAL STATE
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Nasad N. V.
Published: April 2024

The article provides an understanding of the risk management process, lists the main principles that guide the development and implementation of a risk management strategy at the enterprise. Attention is paid to the differences in qualitative and quantitative risk analysis, and the peculiarities of their methodology are determined. Considerable attention is paid to defining the advantages and disadvantages of the main methods of risk assessment, the methods of risk minimization are listed, their brief characteristics are given, and as a result, the definition of the term "risk" is generalized. Methods of risk reduction are analyzed. The main methods of risk minimization are considered: risk avoidance; distribution of risks between participants; accident insurance; self-insurance; diversification; limitation; create flexible production structures; create reserve funds; information monitoring; training and instruction; flexible application of technology. Special attention is paid to the modern transformation of the approach to assessing the probability of risk from financial-oriented to personnel-oriented and the role of the human factor in the general system of risk management at the enterprise.
The paraneurium and the tumefactive appearance of peripheral nerve neurolymphomatosis: illustrative case
Authors: Barone Damiano G , Kendziora Ryan W , Broski Stephen M , Schembri Wismayer David J , Spinner Robert J
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Peripheral neurolymphomatosis (NL) is an often-misdiagnosed condition characterized by lymphomatous infiltration within the peripheral nerves. Its rarity and complexity frequently result in delayed diagnosis and suboptimal patient outcomes. This study aims to elucidate the role of the paraneurium (circumneurium) in NL, emphasizing its diagnostic and therapeutic significance.

OBSERVATIONS

A 72-year-old man presented with lesions on his right lower eyelid. Initial diagnostics were inconclusive until an excisional biopsy confirmed extranodal marginal zone lymphoma. Following a complete metabolic response to rituximab treatment, the patient relapsed 14 months later with progressive lymphoma and bilateral sciatic nerve involvement, as confirmed by positron emission tomography–computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

LESSONS

This paper underscores the critical role of the paraneurium in NL, enhancing understanding of its pathophysiology. Integrating advanced imaging techniques have proved essential in accurately identifying neurolymphomatous involvement within the paraneurium. This study paves the way for more effective management strategies in NL and similar conditions, focusing on improving patient care and outcomes.
Relaxation Rotation during Martensitic Transformation in Alloys with Thermoelastic
and Nonthermoelastic Martensite
Authors: Gundyrev V. M. , Zel’dovich V. I.
Published: April 2024

It is shown that application of the crystallographic theory of martensitic transformation instead ofthe phenomenological one allows proper understanding of the mechanism of martensitic transformation incrystallographic analysis and computing, in addition to the previous characteristics, a new important characteristic,that is, the relaxation rotation of martensite crystallites to obtain the invariant plane. It is demonstratedthat the angle of relaxation rotation is most strongly dependent on the crystallographic systems of the original and final phases, as well as on the lattice parameters of these phases. It has been discovered that scatteringof the texture peaks of martensite, determined as the integral half-width of the texture maximum, is in linear proportion to the angle of relaxation rotation of martensite crystals.
Comparative Сharacteristics of the Structure
and Functional Properties of Coatings Formed on Aluminum Alloys
2ххх and 7ххх Series by the Method of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation
Authors: Letyagin N. V. , Sokorev A. A. , Kokarev V. N. , Shatrov A. S. , Tsydenov A. G. , Finogeev A. S. , Musin A. F. , Petrzhik M. I.
Published: April 2024

The structure and properties of coatings formed on 2ххх and 7ххх aluminum alloys by plasma elec-trolytic oxidation (PEO) performed under the same conditions have been studied. The substrate material is shown to substantially affect the quality, structure, and properties of formed coatings. Compared to the D16 Т (4Cu, 1.4Mg wt %) alloy substrate, the V95 Т1 (6.2Zn, 2.4Mg, 1.7Cu wt %) alloy substrate favors the for-mation of coatings with a more homogeneous composition and uniform thickness, which exhibit great cohe-sive and adhesive strength and mechanical and tribological properties. The adhesive failure of PEO coatings formed on the V95 Т1 alloy occurs at a load of 63 N, which is substantially higher than the critical load (49 N) of coatings formed on the D16 T alloy. The maximum hardness of coatings formed on the V95 Т1 alloy is 25 GPa, which exceeds that of coatings formed on the D16 T alloy and is equal to 20 GPa. The wear resistance of coating in water, which is formed on the V95 Т1 alloy is 4.4 times higher compared to that of the wear-resistant coating formed on the D16 T alloy.
High-Frequency Magnetic Impedance in (CoFeNi)BSi and (CoFeCrMo)BSi Amorphous Microwires in a Glass Sheath near the Curie Temperature
Authors: Alam J. , Zedan A. Kh. Kh. , Nematov M. G. , Yudanov N. A. , Kurochka A. S. , Nuriev A. V. , Panina L. V. , Kostishin V. G.
Published: April 2024

The temperature behavior of high-frequency magnetoimpedance (MI) in amorphous microwires in a glass sheath has been studied in the temperature range up to the Curie temperature TC. Two alloy samples with compositions of Co27.4Fe5B12.26Si12.26Ni43.08 (TC ≈ 48°C) and Co64.82Fe3.9B10.2Si12Cr9Mo0.08 (TC ≈ 61°C) with different signs of magnetostriction constant λs and with different types of magnetic anisotropy were used. For the first alloy sample, λs 0, which leads to circular anisotropy. For the second alloy sample, λs 0, and easy axis anisotropy is formed along the wire axis. A substantial decrease in the impedance is observed at elevated frequencies with an increase in the temperature in microwires with easy axis anisotropy, regardless of the application of a magnetic field, while the change in the impedance in wires with circular anisotropy is more substantial in the presence of an external field. Moreover, the change in the impedance with an increase in the temperature from room temperature to TC can reach 200–300% in the frequency range of 0.5–0.9 GHz in a magnetic field of about 10 Oe. These results may be of interest for the development of miniature temperature sensors.
Structural-Phase Changes of the Fe3C/Fe7C3/P-Phase/Cam
Mechanocomposite at Heating
Authors: Larionova N. S. , Nikonova R. M. , Lad’yanov V. I. , Suslov A. A. , Ul’yanov A. L.
Published: April 2024

The effect of the action of temperature on the structure and phase composition of anFe3C/Fe7C3/P-phase/Cam composite obtained by mechanosynthesis of Fe–75 at % C has been studied by the methods of X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differentialscanning calorimetry. It is shown that the structural and phase changes at heating have a multistage character.In the temperature range 315–400°C crystallization of the paramagnetic P-phase with generation of Fe3Cand/or Fe7C3 occur. In the course of heating to higher temperatures, complete decomposition of carbideFe7C3 (in the range 450–550°C) and partial decomposition of Fe3C (at 600°C and above) are observed. Aftercooling from 800–1000°C the mechanocomposite consists of α-Fe, cementite Fe3C, and graphite. The phasetransformations are accompanied by the processes of composite oxidation with the formation of Fe3O4 oxide and its subsequent reduction. The P-phase is a disorded amorphous carbide Fe1 – xCx, which is characterized by magnetic ordering at the temperature of liquid nitrogen.
The Evolution of the Magnetic Properties
of Iron Borate Single Crystals Doped with Gallium
Authors: Snegirev N. I. , Bogach A. V. , Lyubutin I. S. , Chuev M. A. , Yagupov S. V. , Mogilenec Yu. A. , Selezneva K. A. , Strugatsky M. B.
Published: April 2024

Highly perfect FeBO3 and Fe0.91Ga0.09BO3 single crystals were studied in a wide temperature range using SQUID magnetometry. A theoretical model describing the temperature and field dependences of the magnetization of single crystals has been developed. It is found that even a small concentration of gallium,which is a diamagnetic impurity, substantially affects the magnetic properties of single FeBO3 crystals. In par-ticular, the Fe0.91Ga0.09BO3 crystal differs from the pure FeBO3 phase in by a lower magnetic phase transition temperature and a higher antiferromagnetic susceptibility at low temperatures.
The Thermal Behavior of Two Magnetic States
in Smart Anticorrosion Coatings
Authors: Chausov F. F. , Ul’yanov A. L. , Kazantseva I. S. , Dobysheva L. V.
Published: April 2024

Compounds of nitrilotrimethylenephosphonic acid (NTP) with transition metals are often used as corrosion inhibitors for steels. An FeNTP anticorrosion coating is formed on the steel surface. Doping with certain metals (for example, Zn or Cd) greatly improves anticorrosion properties. Despite the fact that FeNTP, FeZnNTP, and FeCdNTP are completely isostructural compounds, substantial changes in their properties occur upon doping: (i) according to the X-ray electron spectra, Fe atoms in FeNTP are in a high-spin (HS) state, while FeZnNTP and FeCdNTP contain Fe atoms with zero spin (LS); (ii) the difference in the quadrupole splitting of the Mössbauer spectra is specific to the ratio between the HS and LS states. Quan-tum mechanical calculations of the FeNTP system showed two solutions with the properties coincideing with the experimentally found LS and HS states for these systems. In this study, we tested the hypothesis about the coexistence of two states. To study possible thermal redistribution between two magnetic states, the Möss-bauer spectra of FeNTP, FeZnNTP, and FeCdNTP were recorded at various temperatures (77, 300, and 373 K). The Mössbauer data indicate that, with an increase in the temperature, a second component occurs in FeNTP (the ground state is HS; LS occurs already at room temperature and its fraction increases with an increase in the temperature) and FeZnNTP (the ground state is LS; HS occurs at 373 K). At all investigated temperatures, FeCdNTP has only one LS component.
The Reverse Proximity Effect in Superconductor–Ferromagnetic Insulator Heterostructures
Authors: Seleznev D. V. , Yagovtsev V. O. , Pugach N. G. , Turkin Ya. V. , Ekomasov E. G. , L’vov B. G.
Published: April 2024

The magnetization induced in a superconductor due to the reverse proximity effect is studied in hybrid structures containing a superconductor and a ferromagnetic insulator. The study was carried out within the method of semiclassical Green’s functions, in which the Usadel equations are solved numerically with boundary conditions suitable for strongly spin-polarized ferromagnetic materials. The conversion of sin-glet superconducting correlations into triplet ones as a result of the proximity effect with a ferromagnet and its manifestation in the features of the electron density of states, induced magnetization, and suppression of the superconducting order parameter have been studied. It is shown that the magnetization can change sign inside the superconducting layer. The magnetization distribution is compared with the data obtained by the authors in previous works.
The Effect of Atomic Interdiffusion at the Al/Сu Interface
in an Al/Сu Composite on Its Mechanical Properties:
Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Polyakova P. V. , Baimova Yu. A.
Published: April 2024

Composites with an aluminum matrix are relevant materials for research, since they are superior to conventional materials in their mechanical characteristics and can be used in various industries. In this work, the method of molecular dynamics is used to study the interdiffusion at an Al/Cu mixing interfaceunder compression combined with the shear deformation. Molecular dynamics tensile tests of the obtainedcomposite have been performed after combined compression to different strains. The deformation schemeused in this work is a simplified scenario that was previously experimentally performed to obtain Al/Cu composites.It has been shown that compression combined with the shear deformation is an effective way to obtaina composite structure. It has been found that under deformation Cu atoms more easily diffuse into an Al blockthan Al atoms diffuse into a Cu block. Tensile tests performed after the combined compression show that fracturingoccurs in the aluminum part of the composite; therefore, the Al/Cu mixing interface is stronger thanthe pure aluminum part.
Simulation of Rolling in a Magnetostriction Fe–Ga Alloy
Authors: Milyutin V. A. , Nepriakhin S. O. , Gervasyeva I. V.
Published: April 2024

Based on the measured physical properties of the Fe–Ga alloy, it was found that a decrease in the material thickness to 0.3 mm leads to an acceptable level of eddy current losses at high-frequency magnetization reversal (20 kHz). Recommendations have been developed on the choice of rolling modes to achieve the required thickness. The modeling of rolling according to the proposed mode is implemented, the distributions of deformation, stresses, and temperature for each pass were obtained. The results obtained are analyzedin the context of the relation between the features of deformation and the processes of crystallographic textureformation.
Simulation of Austenite Grain Growth in Low-Alloyed Steels
upon Austenitization
Authors: Gorbachev I. I. , Korzunova E. I. , Popov V. V. , Khabibulin D. M. , Urtsev N. V.
Published: April 2024

A model has been developed that describes the grain growth upon austenitization, taking intoaccount the pinning of moving grain boundaries by carbonitride precipitates. The behavior of these precipitates is described using our previously developed approach for predicting the evolution of carbonitride particles. The software implementation of the model was carried out, and numerical calculations were performed.The calculation results have been compared with the experimental data in the literature and their good agreementis shown.
Determination of the Boundaries of Region of Metastable ω-Phase in Titanium and Zirconium Alloys
Authors: Dobromyslov A. V.
Published: April 2024

Abstract—The concentration boundary of the formation of the ω-phase in binary titanium alloys with d-metals of 4−11 groups of 4−6 periods were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. It is established that the ω-phase is formed in all the alloys studied, with the exception of Ti−Zr alloys. It is shown that the minimum concentration limit of the formation of the ω-phase is determined by the position of the curve of the end of the martensitic β → \(\alpha {\kern 1pt} '\)(\(\alpha {\kern 1pt} ''\)) transformation (Mf). For most of the studied titanium alloys, concentrations were determined at which the Ms and Mf points correspond to a temperature of 20°C. The conditions for the formation of the ω-phase in titanium alloys were compared with the conditions for its formation in zirconium alloys.
On the Precipitation of the -Phase {111} Al Plates
in the Al–Cu–Mg Alloy
Authors: Zuiko I. S. , Gazizov M. R. , Kaibyshev R. O.
Published: April 2024

The precipitation of Ω-phase {111}α plates in the Al–Cu–Mg alloy has been investigated at a Cu/Mg ratio 10 and low Si content. Unlike Al–Cu–Mg alloys containing Ag, nanoscale plates with an {111}α habit plane has been found for the first time to precipitate in the alloy according to a heterogeneous mechanism, namely, along low-angle boundaries, dislocation lines, and at the θ′-phase/Al-matrix interphaseboundary.
Assessment Possibility of Controlling Structure Formation by Changing the Technological Parameters LPBF Process
Authors: Shakirov I. V. , Olisov A. V. , Kuznetsov P. A. , Zhukov A. S.
Published: April 2024

Abstract—In this paper, the possibility of creating a controlled structure by varying the parameters of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process on the example of austenitic stainless steels is studied. Based on the study of the structure of experimental samples, the influence of a combination of various technological parameters that make up the scanning strategy when preparing a 3D-model for the LPBF process on the processes of structure formation is shown. The possibility of forming elements with different structures within one part during its manufacture by the LPBF method by changing the technological parameters of the process that make up the scanning strategy is shown. It is noted that the use of 3D-models identical in the geometry formed, but different in the strategy of scanning with a laser beam directly in the process of laser fusion, leads to the formation of a fundamentally different structure of the created sample, since the formation of the microstructure is strongly influenced by the conditions of metal crystallization, which directly depend on the scanning strategy.
Metastable Solid Solutions Formed by Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Volodin V. N. , Tuleushev Yu. Zh. , Zhakanbaev E. A. , Kalieva A. K.
Published: April 2024

Metastable solid solutions of metals have been obtained using nano- and subnanoparticles. This study shows the effect of the size of atoms of a second element on the multiple increase in solubility and limiting concentration in the solvent, independently of the type of crystal lattice. As an example, the limiting solubility of lead (rPb = 0.935 nm) in niobium (rNb = 0.625 nm) is 23.0 at % and that of cadmium (rCd = 0.1727 nm)in niobium is 64.0 at %. Further, amorphization of the matrix metal occurs. Compared to metastable solid solutions with the equilibrium systems for which the Hume–Rothery rules work, alloys are formed from metals with different types of crystal lattices. In many cases, a 15% limit of the difference of the sizes of metal atoms is observed. There is a strong discrepancy in the valences of atoms and, in rare cases, in electronegativity. Using analysis of the attributes of the alloys prepared by sputtering of ultradisperse particles, the possibility of expanding the boundaries of the Hume–Rothery criteria should be noted for metastable alloys, in comparison to their equilibrium analogs, which indicates the possibility of deviation from the traditional forecasting the routine of preparation of the material.
Vortex Strips in a Two-Dimensional Ferromagnet
Authors: Borisov A. B. , Dolgikh D. V.
Published: April 2024

New magnetic structures in the Heisenberg two-dimensional classical spin model are studied. An original substitution is proposed, which allows one to reduce the equations of the model to an integrable system of nonlinear ODEs. The solution can be characterized as a “vortex strip” or an annular vortex. Its distinctiveproperties are the finite size of the existence domain, the limited total energy, and the absence of a vortex center despite the presence of a vortex structure.
Phase Transitions in a Frustrated Four-Vertex Potts Model on a Hexagonal Lattice in a Magnetic Field
Authors: Ramazanov M. K. , Murtazaev A. K. , Magomedov M. A. , Mazagaeva M. K.
Published: April 2024

The effect of a magnetic field on the phase transitions of a two-dimensional frustrated Potts model with the number of spin states q = 4 on a hexagonal lattice was studied by the Monte Carlo method. The studies were carried out for a wide range of magnetic field strength. The magnetic structures of the ground state in this range have been obtained. The dependence of the magnetization on the magnetic field has been constructed. It has been found that an external magnetic field leads to a first-order phase transition. It is shown that a strong magnetic field removes the degeneracy of the ground state and suppresses the phase transition in the system