bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of delamination and surface quality of machined holes in drilling of multiwalled carbon nanotube doped epoxy/carbon fiber reinforced polymer nanocomposite
Authors: Kumar Dhiraj , Singh KK
Published: March 2017

In the drilling of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite materials, drilling-induced delamination and surface roughness of machined holes are causes of major concern, particularly, when components, made of carbon fiber reinforced polymer, are used in the aerospace industry. In order to minimize these drawbacks, an innovative technique has been developed by adding multiwalled carbon nanotube in the polymer matrix to improve interlaminar shear strength and flexural strength of the laminates. Experimental results indicate that with this process, flexural strength and interlaminar shear strength get enhanced by almost 24% and 28%, respectively, when compared to neat epoxy carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite. The image process results reveal that delamination factor gets decreased by 21% and 28.60% at the entrance and the exit side, respectively. This, in turn, not only reduces the delamination factor during the process but also facilitates the process to be carried out more smoothly. During this investigation, scanning acoustic microscope was used to study ply-by-ply damage followed by ultrasonic C-scan on both sides of the laminates, which showed good agreement with the experimental results. Measurement of surface roughness of the machined hole showed the maximum Ra value of 5.03 µm in neat epoxy carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite. However, a sample with 1.5 wt% of multiwalled carbon nanotube showed a decline in Ra value (1.18 µm). Thus, addition of multiwalled carbon nanotube to the polymer matrix could reduce the drilling-induced delamination as well as the surface roughness of machined hole simultaneously.
Giving ‘power to the people’ in a Nigerian hospital: From evaluation over to evaluation with stakeholders
Authors: Chukwu Gosim Martin
Published: March 2017

“Power to the people” is a popular political slogan that is used to convey the essence of democracy and participation. This paper derives from an action research intervention to implement participatory evaluation in a medium-sized private hospital in Nigeria, where the author was a training consultant. While the original objective of the intervention was to improve effectiveness of training through participatory evaluation, the study enabled an important outcome: it helped in clarifying and resolving social power differences prevalent in evaluation. The paper therefore contributes to the theory and practice of action research by describing how a researcher may better understand and relate to others with regard to social power. This plays a potentially useful role especially in participatory evaluation.
Radiotherapy in Dupuytren’s disease: a systematic review of the evidence
Authors: Kadhum M. , Smock E. , Khan A. , Fleming A.
Published: March 2017

Radiotherapy has been advocated as an alternative treatment in early Dupuytren’s disease. We have systematically reviewed the evidence on the use of radiotherapy in Dupuytren’s disease. Only six articles met a minimum set standard, five of which were retrospective cohort studies and one a randomized controlled study. A total of 770 Dupuytren’s hands, nearly all with Tubiana stage 0–1 disease, were irradiated with an average 30 Gy. Disease regression ranged from 0%–56%, stability from 14%–98% and progression from 2%–86%. Salvage surgery was successful in all cases of disease progression post-radiotherapy. There were no reports of adverse wound healing problems associated with such surgery or radiotherapy-associated malignancy. On balance, radiotherapy should be considered an unproven treatment for early Dupuytren’s disease due to a scarce evidence base and unknown long-term adverse effects. Well-designed randomized controlled studies are required to confirm the benefits of radiotherapy treatment.

Level of evidence: II
God or Country? Fusion With Judaism Predicts Desire for Retaliation Following Palestinian Stabbing Intifada
Authors: Fredman Leah A. , Bastian Brock , Swann William B.
Published: March 2017

Research indicates that existential threat may motivate in-group members to retaliate against out-group members. Less is known about the impact of alignment with one’s religious or national group on retaliatory activity. We addressed this deficiency in a longitudinal study before, and soon after, the beginning of the 2015 Palestinian Stabbing Intifada—a terror wave that is still ongoing. We assessed the predictive power of Israeli’s “identity fusion” (a visceral, family like bond to a group) to either religion or country. We found that fusion with religion (rather than country) predicted endorsement of retaliatory activity, especially after the intifada began. This pattern persisted even when controlling for rival measures such as religiosity, fundamentalism, and conservatism. Apparently, even in relatively secular Israel, ideological commitments to religion foment retaliatory activity that may precipitate further aggression. Future interventions might therefore address issues pertaining to religious identities, even when the conflict appears political or territorial.
Endovascular treatment evolution for pure intraorbital arteriovenous fistula: Three case reports and literature review
Authors: Lv Xianli , Li Wei , Liu Aihua , Lv Ming , Jiang Chuhan
Published: March 2017

Background and importance

Intraorbital arteriovenous fistulas (IOAVFs) are rare and cause eye redness, exophthalmos, blurry vision and bruit. Whereas in the past they were treated conservatively, surgically or transarterially, recent developments in transvenous embolization have improved their treatment. In this paper the authors report three cases of IOAVFs treated endovascularly and review the evolution of treatment options.

Methods

Three cases of purely IOAVF enrolled in our center were reported and a PubMed literature search was performed using “pure intraorbital arteriovenous fistula” and “arteriovenous fistula of the optic nerve sheath.” A total of 21 papers were reviewed in full, focusing primarily on the treatment and outcomes.

Results

A total of 26 patients were obtained, including our three patients and 23 patients reported in the literature. In nine patients treated conservatively, four spontaneous occlusions, one visual deterioration and four cases with unknown outcome were reported. In another 18 patients, 29 therapies (including five surgical treatment, 11 transarterial embolizations and 13 transvenous embolizations) were attempted and resulted in 12 cures, five visual deteriorations and one without reported outcome. More recently, transvenous embolization has become the mainstay of IOAVF treatment. Of the 21 patients assessed between 2000 and 2013, a transvenous approach was attempted in 13 patients; nine patients were cured without any adverse events.

Conclusion

Development and improvement of transvenous techniques are found to be safe and effective for patients with IOAVF.
Pharyngeal amyloidomas: Variable appearance on imaging
Authors: Prause CA , Zhai Q , Weindling SM
Published: March 2017

Amyloidomas are rare tumor-like depositions of abnormally folded, insoluble proteins that may be seen in the setting of systemic amyloidosis or as isolated tumoral deposits. Focal, isolated amyloidomas carry an excellent prognosis whereas systemic amyloidoses do not. The ability to identify or suggest amyloidoma on imaging studies may help direct laboratory testing and eventual diagnosis. Amyloidomas involving the head and neck have been variably described from homogeneously T2 hypointense to iso-slightly hyperintense relative to skeletal muscle. Herein we present two patients with pharyngeal submucosal amyloidomas of differing sizes and imaging characteristics to emphasize their potential widely variable imaging appearance and broaden our knowledge of these rare lesions.
Incorporation of a hinge domain improves the expansion of chimeric antigen receptor T cells
Authors: Qin Le , Lai Yunxin , Zhao Ruocong , Wei Xinru , Weng Jianyu , Lai Peilong , Li Baiheng , Lin Simiao , Wang Suna , Wu Qiting , Liang Qiubin , Li Yangqiu , Zhang Xuchao , Wu Yilong , Liu Pentao , Yao Yao , Pei Duanqing , Du Xin , Li Peng
Published: March 2017

Background

Multiple iterations of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have been developed, mainly focusing on intracellular signaling modules. However, the effect of non-signaling extracellular modules on the expansion and therapeutic efficacy of CARs remains largely undefined.

Methods

We generated two versions of CAR vectors, with or without a hinge domain, targeting CD19, mesothelin, PSCA, MUC1, and HER2, respectively. Then, we systematically compared the effect of the hinge domains on the growth kinetics, cytokine production, and cytotoxicity of CAR T cells in vitro and in vivo.

Results

During in vitro culture period, the percentages and absolute numbers of T cells expressing the CARs containing a hinge domain continuously increased, mainly through the promotion of CD4+ CAR T cell expansion, regardless of the single-chain variable fragment (scFv). In vitro migration assay showed that the hinges enhanced CAR T cells migratory capacity. The T cells expressing anti-CD19 CARs with or without a hinge had similar antitumor capacities in vivo, whereas the T cells expressing anti-mesothelin CARs containing a hinge domain showed enhanced antitumor activities.

Conclusions

Hence, our results demonstrate that a hinge contributes to CAR T cell expansion and is capable of increasing the antitumor efficacy of some specific CAR T cells. Our results suggest potential novel strategies in CAR vector design.
The convergence computing model for big sensor data mining and knowledge discovery
Authors: Finogeev Alexey G. , Parygin Danila S. , Finogeev Anton A.
Published: March 2017

The article considers the model and method of converged computing and storage to create SCADA systems based on wireless networks for the energy industry. Computing power of modern wireless sensor network nodes allow the transfer to them some operations sensor data mining and offload the dispatching data centre servers. This fog computing model is used for the aggregation of primary data, forecast trends controlled variables as well as to warn about abnormal and emergency situations on distributed SCADA systems objects. Large arrays of sensor data, integral indicators and heterogeneous information from other sources (e.g., weather stations, security and fire alarm systems, video surveillance systems, etc.) is more appropriate to process via GRID computing model. GRID computing model has three-tier architecture, which includes the main server at the first level, a cluster of servers at the second level, and a lot of GPU video card with support for Compute Unified Device Architecture at the third level. The model of cloud computing and cloud storage today is the basis for the accumulation of the results of data mining and knowledge discovery. Means of communication and remote access can solve the problem of intellectual processing and visualization of information with elements of augmented reality and geo-information technologies within the framework of mobile computing model. The implementation of these four computing models for the operation of components of SCADA system is the convergent approach to distributed sensor data processing, which is discussed in the article.
Fourth-order normal moveout velocity in elastic layered orthorhombic media — Part 1: Slowness-azimuth domain
Authors: Ravve Igor , Koren Zvi
Published: March 2017

Considering all types of pure-mode and converted waves, we derive the azimuthally dependent, fourth-order normal moveout (NMO) velocity functions, and hence the corresponding effective anellipticity functions, for horizontally layered orthorhombic media. We emphasize that this paper does not suggest a new nonhyperbolic traveltime approximation; rather, it provides exact expressions of the NMO series coefficients, computed for normal-incidence rays, which can then be further used within known azimuthally dependent traveltime approximations for short to moderate offsets. We do not assume weak anisotropy or acoustic approximation for P-waves. At each layer, the elastic parameters, thickness, and azimuth of the orthorhombic vertical symmetry planes are considered to be different. We distinguish between two different azimuths: slowness azimuth (part 1 of this paper) and offset azimuth (part 2 of this paper). In part 1, the slowness-azimuth domain NMO is approximated as a series of either infinitesimal horizontal slowness (slowness-azimuth/slowness domain) or infinitesimal offsets (slowness-azimuth/offset domain). Similarly, in part 2, we distinguish between two offset-azimuth domains: offset-azimuth/slowness and offset-azimuth/offset. Note that the azimuthally dependent NMO velocity functions of each of the four cases are different. The validity of the method is tested by introducing our derived azimuthally dependent, fourth-order effective anellipticity, into the well-known azimuthally dependent, asymptotic nonhyperbolic traveltime approximation, in which we compare the traveltime approximation versus exact numerical ray tracing for short to moderate offsets. It is clearly shown that for these types of azimuthally anisotropic layered models, the fourth-order terms are essential even for relatively small horizontal-slowness values or short offsets.
Potential field continuation between arbitrary surfaces — Comparing methods
Authors: Pilkington Mark , Boulanger Olivier
Published: March 2017

The continuation of potential field data from one irregular surface to another, not always horizontal, is often a necessary component within the data processing and interpretation stream. The most common requirement is to reduce field values (or some related component or derivative) to a horizontal plane, to facilitate further quantitative processing. Methods available to continue data comprise two main approaches. The first (source-based) involves calculating a source distribution that produces a fit to the data and can be used to calculate the field at any other point above. The second (field-based) requires no source determinations and deals with only fields but may involve calculating the field on some intermediate surface. Nine different continuation methods were compared (four source based and five field based) through synthetic tests and on real data from a helicopter-borne survey in Yukon, Canada. The preferred methods of Guspi and Hansen are those that do not involve any theoretical or geometric approximations and involve intermediate calculations on a plane or surface close to the observation surface. The Guspi approach is faster, based on using frequency-domain processing, but the Hansen method uses equivalent sources close enough to and consistently below the observation surface so that no low-pass filtering needs to be used.
Grain composition and diagenesis of organic-rich lacustrine tarls, Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Milliken Kitty L. , Shen Ying , Ko Lucy T. , Liang Quansheng
Published: March 2017

The role of the primary detrital grain assemblage as a control on diagenetic pathways is reasonably well-understood in sandstones and limestones, but less so in mudrocks. We have documented diagenesis in mudstones from the Triassic Yanchang Formation that are dominated ([Formula: see text] by volume) by grains derived from outside the basin of deposition (terrigenous-argillaceous mudstones or tarls). Major extrabasinal grains are K-rich clay, quartz, plagioclase, K-feldspar, lithic fragments, and micas. In terms of the quartz-feldspar-lithic grain compositions, the silt fraction in these samples is classified as arkose. Grains of intrabasinal derivation include particulate organic matter, phosphatic debris, and rare carbonate allochems. The principal chemical diagenetic components in these mudrocks have strongly localized spatial distributions at micrometer to centimeter scales. Chemical diagenetic components include cone-in-cone structures, replacements of detrital feldspar, pore-filling precipitates within anomalously large pores, pore-filling solid hydrocarbon, and very minor quartz overgrowths associated with local packing flaws around silt-size detrital quartz grains. Matrix-dispersed intergranular cementation, as observed in well-known organic-rich marine mudstones, such as the Barnett Shale and the Eagle Ford Formation, is not observed in Yanchang Formation lacustrine mudstones. The authigenic features present are consistent with the thermal maturity of the units ([Formula: see text]) and are broadly similar to features observed in other mudstones that contain grain assemblages dominated by particles of extrabasinal derivation. The low porosity and the absence of significant amounts of intergranular cement indicate that compactional porosity loss and in-filling by migrated solid hydrocarbon were the major causes of porosity decline during diagenesis of Yanchang Formation mudrocks. Although the mudstones of the Yanchang Formation have a relatively high content of organic carbon and serve as source rocks in the Ordos Basin, the depositional grain assemblage is not conducive to creation of porosity, permeability, and mechanical properties that would make these mudrocks effective unconventional reservoirs.
Organic petrology of peak oil maturity Triassic Yanchang Formation lacustrine mudrocks, Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Hackley Paul C. , Zhang Lixia , Zhang Tongwei
Published: March 2017

An organic petrology evaluation and a determination of solid bitumen reflectance [Formula: see text] were completed for organic-rich Triassic Yanchang Formation mudrocks ([Formula: see text]) from the Ordos Basin, north-central China, as part of a larger investigation of “shale gas” resources. These data were integrated with information from Rock-Eval programmed pyrolysis to show that the samples are in the peak oil window of thermal maturity and that organic matter is dominated by solid bitumen with minor amounts of type III kerogen (vitrinite and inertinite) from vascular land plants. Describing a “kerogen type” for these rocks based strictly on parameters determined from programmed pyrolysis is misleading because the original organic matter has converted to hydrocarbons (present as solid bitumen), a large proportion of which may have been expelled into adjacent reservoir facies. However, based on the comparison with immature-early mature lacustrine mudrock (Garden Gulch Member of Green River Formation) and marine shale (Boquillas Formation), we suggest that the original organic matter in the organic-rich samples examined for our study may have been type I/II kerogen with hydrogen index values of [Formula: see text] TOC.
Fault visualization and identification in fault seismic attribute volumes: Implications for fault geometric characterization
Authors: Libak Audun , Alaei Behzad , Torabi Anita
Published: March 2017

Fault seismic attribute volumes (such as volumetric coherence and curvature) represent an efficient and objective way to visualize and identify faults in seismic cubes. Fault geometric attributes such as length, height, and fault segmentation can be extracted from such fault seismic attribute volumes. We evaluate the strengths and pitfalls of using coherence volumes for characterization of fault geometry. The results are obtained using a database from the Barents Sea, which contains 35 3D seismic cubes, together with conceptual synthetic seismic models. A high signal-to-noise ratio is a requirement for the extraction of accurate fault geometric data. Noise attenuation methods improve fault visualization, but our results indicate that the effect of noise attenuation on the extracted fault geometric attributes is only clear in areas of low signal-to-noise ratios. The choice of coherence algorithm is important when extracting fault length data. Semblance-based coherence performs better than gradient structure tensor-based coherence in low-displacement areas near the fault tips, and it produces more accurate fault length data. Faults can appear segmented in coherence volumes if relatively similar reflectors are juxtaposed across a fault. In such areas, it is important that the interpreter does not overlook the fault. The size of the analysis window used in coherence calculations controls the resolution and continuity of the imaged faults. Our results support an optimal temporal window size of one to two times the dominant period of the seismic data (typically 7–17 samples in conventional 4 ms sampled 3D seismic data). Larger temporal window sizes can result in an overestimation of fault height, especially for small faults. A large spatial window can smear out segmentation along the fault and make the fault traces wider. Even though a large spatial window can have some positive effects, we recommend using a relatively small spatial window (five traces) when extracting subtle fault geometric attributes.
Polypharmacy and Adherence to Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer
Authors: Calip Gregory S. , Xing Shan , Jun Da-Hae , Lee Wan-Ju , Hoskins Kent F. , Ko Naomi Y.
Published: March 2017

Purpose:

Many patients with breast cancer are treated for other conditions and experience polypharmacy with multiple concurrent medications. Our aim was to evaluate polypharmacy in relation to adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) in breast cancer.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women with incident, invasive breast cancer initiating AET (tamoxifen, letrozole, anastrozole, exemestane) between 2009 and 2013 in the Truven Health MarketScan Database. Polypharmacy and pill burden were measured for commonly used concurrent medications, including lipid-lowering drugs, antihypertensives, oral diabetes medications, insulin analogs, antidepressants, anxiolytics/antipsychotics, and opioid-containing analgesics. Polypharmacy was defined as frequent use (three or more dispensings) of a given medication class and by pill burden (total dispensings). Medication possession ratios (MPR) were estimated for subsequent 12-month intervals. Multivariable generalized estimating equation models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and robust 95% CIs for associations with AET adherence (MPR ≥ 0.80).

Results:

Among 40,009 women, 74% were adherent in year +1 and continued to have high mean adherence (MPR = 0.79) among those continuing AET through year +3. Increasing polypharmacy ( P < .001) and pill burden ( P < .001) were associated with greater adherence, but effects differed by medication class. Frequent use of lipid-lowering drugs (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.36 to 1.49) and antihypertensives (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.20) were associated with higher odds of adherence; frequent use of opioid-containing analgesics (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.83), anxiolytics/antipsychotics (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91 to 0.99), antidepressants (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.82 to 0.89), and insulin therapy (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.72 to 0.95) were associated with lower odds of adherence.

Conclusion:

Associations between polypharmacy and adherence in breast cancer may be better characterized by understanding specific classes of medications used concurrently. Comprehensive medication therapy management, including ongoing pain evaluation and psychoactive therapies, is warranted.
Marketing the Southwest: Modernism, the Fred Harvey Company, and the Indian Detour
Authors: Oliphant Elizabeth Lloyd
Published: March 2017

This essay analyzes the mutually influential relationship between literary modernism and tourism as those two interests converged around the US Southwest in the early twentieth century. Modernist writers were drawn to the Southwest’s folk and Native American cultures, viewing them as potent sources of artistic inspiration. However, those same modernists had a significant hand in shaping the region’s burgeoning tourism industry. These surprising commercial collaborations offer the opportunity for a more nuanced understanding of modernism’s relationship to commercial work. The essay focuses on a promotional brochure produced for the Harvey Company’s sightseeing “Indian Detour” experience. The brochure, distributed to passengers on the Indian Detour, featured essays and poetry contributed by modernist writers including Witter Bynner, Alice Corbin Henderson, and Harriet Monroe. The essay also brings to light the connections between this promotional brochure and back issues of Monroe’s Poetry: A Magazine of Verse, further underscoring the close ties between commercial tourism and literary modernism.
An Affinity of Hammers
Authors: Ahmed Sara
Published: March 2017

This article offers a critique of the claim made by trans-exclusionary radical feminists that transphobia is being misused as a way of silencing or censoring critical feminist speech. The article suggests that transphobia works as a rebuttal system, one that, in demanding trans people provide evidence of their existence, is experienced as a hammering, a constant chipping away at trans existence. The article suggests that transphobia within feminism needs to be understood in relation to cis privilege: not having to come into contact with this hammering. It offers a model of political hope resting on “an affinity of hammers”; that is, affinity can be acquired through the work of chipping away at the system.
Francophone Trans/Feminisms
Authors: Baril Alexandre
Published: March 2017

In this essay, the author draws on his experience as a trans, francophone, feminist researcher to share his reflections on the difficulties encountered within francophone contexts in the development of knowledge that moves beyond what the TSQ editors call “the familiar and overly simplistic dichotomy often drawn between an exclusionary transphobic feminism and an inclusive trans-affirming feminism.” Without reducing the work of the few francophone researchers interested in trans/feminisms, including the author's, to the fight against exclusionary, transphobic feminist theories, policies, and practices, he demonstrates how problematic it is to articulate their work in terms other than the exclusion/inclusion of trans people within feminism. The author offers as a case study the 2015 Seventh International Conference of Francophone Feminist Research, currently the world's most important francophone feminist conference, to illustrate the near total silence on trans issues that reigns in francophone feminist communities.
Of Huachafería, Así, and M’ E Mati
Authors: DiPietro Pedro Javier
Published: March 2017

Trans, transing, queer, and queering are typically represented as sharing in the antinormalizing labor that concerns material bodies. In the vein of decolonial feminism, this essay looks at three renderings of transing methodologies for what they teach us about: the geopolitical tension between transing and queering; genealogies of feminist, gay and lesbian, queer, and trans studies; the collusion of Euro-centered thought with trans research; and the social ontology of transing embodiments.
Hacking the Body
Authors: Egaña Lucía , Solá Miriam
Published: March 2017

In this article, the authors address the relationship between artistic production and political activism in Barcelona's transfeminist scene, by reflecting on the first stage of their joint research project, War Machines: Transfeminist Practices of Representation, which maps and interprets the past ten years of transfeminist cultural production there. Transfeminist art practices, the authors argue, offer new strategies that supplement the operational logic of more traditional activisms by also acting in and through creative processes, principally by conceiving the body itself, in relation to technology, as a site for political transformation.
Pauli Murray's Peter Panic
Authors: Fisher Simon D. Elin
Published: March 2017

This article investigates the history of intersectional feminism and demonstrates that the theory is grounded in a trans-of-color analysis of the racial caste system known as “Jim Crow.” In 1944, Pauli Murray, an African American activist, journalist, and lawyer, coined the term Jane Crow, which critiqued the simultaneous structural and affective impacts of white supremacy and male supremacy. These hegemonies divided individuals into binary categories of race and gender, categories that were naturalized and violently upheld. Murray lived on the margins of these classifications as a light-skinned African American who expressed a trans gender and desired medical transition. S/he was read as a variety of genders and races and observed others' attempts to discern her/his “true” identity. From this perspective, Murray scrutinized this quotidian yet fundamental process of categorization, analyzed the operations of race and gender subjectification, and crafted an intersectional feminist analysis s/he called “Jane Crow.”
Transfeminist Crossroads
Authors: Garriga-López Claudia Sofía
Published: March 2017

This article provides an account of transfeminism as a grassroots political project rooted in material politics that has led to significant changes on transgender issues in Ecuadorian public policy over the past decade. Ecuadorian transfeminist activists firmly believe that feminist theory and practice are critical tools in the struggle for trans liberation, and that the social oppression of transgender people is intimately connected with the larger structures of patriarchy that feminisms seek to counteract. Their praxis has worked its way up from walking the streets with “working girls,” to drafting articles for the constitution based on the knowledge learned during nightly street patrols, and later garnering the necessary support for successful inclusion of these articles in the constitution. “Transfeminist Crossroads” follows the trajectory of the My Gender on My ID campaign to highlight the role of transfeminist activism in changing public opinion and pushing new legislation in one of the flagship countries of the Latin American “left turn.” The unfolding of this campaign demonstrates the dynamic flux and fluidity of state formation as transfeminist activists respond to President Rafael Correa's call for a “citizen revolution” and geopolitical forces reconfigure relationships between social conservatism, left populism, adaptive neoliberalism, and new regimes of state security.
The Woman Question
Authors: Watson Lori
Published: March 2017

The author was inspired to write this article in light of the ongoing and recent claims by some radical feminists that trans women are not women. This is much more than a debate among differing theoretical positions. Women have been threatened, both trans* and cis women. The vitriol on both sides is alarming and undermining of the feminism we all share. Rather than write an academic, philosophical treatise on the meaning of “woman,” the author wrote this from her first-person experience, as someone who was “born female” and identifies as a woman but is often socially read as trans* (a trans man). The author aims to articulate a radical feminist understanding of women that shows trans women are women in concrete, personal terms.
Reconstructing the Transgendered Self as a Feminist Subject
Authors: Ye Shana
Published: March 2017

This article explores the entangled relations between transgender lives and Chinese feminisms. It starts with a brief overview of how nonbinary genders have been addressed in both Chinese socialist and postsocialist feminisms. Then it outlines existing problems such as homophobia and remarginalization within the coalition of trans activists and feminists. By analyzing how grassroots trans/feminists negotiate such problems, this article argues that trans/feminist praxis transgresses subjective, intellectual, and political borders and calls for more critical feminist engagements in Chinese trans activism and knowledge production.
Another Dream of Common Language
Authors: Stryker Susan
Published: March 2017

Sandy Stone's “Posttranssexual Manifesto” is often regarded as the principal point of departure for transgender studies. In this 1995 interview, portions of which first appeared in Wired magazine, Stone discusses her various careers in telecommunications, medical research, recording engineering, consumer electronics, and cultural studies of media and performance. The interview has been edited to highlight Stone's persistent attention to questions of language and communication, and the relationship of these concerns to feminist and transgender theorizing.
Recent advances in treating Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Oertel Wolfgang H.
Published: March 2017

This article summarizes (1) the recent achievements to further improve symptomatic therapy of motor Parkinson’s disease (PD) symptoms, (2) the still-few attempts to systematically search for symptomatic therapy of non-motor symptoms in PD, and (3) the advances in the development and clinical testing of compounds which promise to offer disease modification in already-manifest PD. However, prevention (that is, slowing or stopping PD in a prodromal stage) is still a dream and one reason for this is that we have no consensus on primary endpoints for clinical trials which reflect the progression in prodromal stages of PD, such as in rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) —a methodological challenge to be met in the future.
Protein-bound polyphenols create “ghost” band artifacts during chemiluminescence-based antigen detection
Authors: Plundrich Nathalie , Lila Mary Ann , Foegeding Edward , Laster Scott
Published: March 2017

Antigen detection during Western blotting commonly utilizes a horseradish peroxidase-coupled secondary antibody and enhanced chemiluminescent substrate. We utilized this technique to examine the impact of green tea-derived polyphenols on the binding of egg white protein-specific IgE antibodies from allergic human plasma to their cognate antigens. Our experiments unexpectedly showed that green tea-derived polyphenols, when stably complexed with egg white proteins, caused hyperactivation of horseradish peroxidase resulting in the appearance of white “ghost” bands. This study suggests that caution should be taken when evaluating polyphenol-bound proteins by enhanced chemiluminescence Western blotting using horseradish peroxidase and demonstrates that protein-bound polyphenols can be a source of “ghost” band artifacts on Western blots.
Case Report: Efficacy of propranolol in delaying the growth of hemangioblastomas in a Von Hippel Lindau patient
Authors: Perona-Moratalla Ana-Belen , Serrano-Heras Gemma , Segura Tomas
Published: March 2017

Von Hippel Lindau is an inherited disease which leads to tumor growth, including hemangioblastomas in the central nervous system and retina. No pharmacological treatment has demonstrated efficacy. Propranolol is a beta-blocker widely used in some neurological and cardiac diseases, and its safety is known. We present a patient diagnosed with Von Hippel Lindau disease who was treated with propranolol for worsening migraine. The patient exhibited two asymptomatic hemangioblastomas, which showed no change in size during treatment with propranolol. Our case report suggests that propranolol could be effective in delaying the growth of hemangioblastomas in the central nervous system.
Recent advances in Japanese encephalitis
Authors: Basu Anirban , Dutta Kallol
Published: March 2017

Japanese encephalitis is a flaviviral disease that is endemic to the South, Southeast Asia, and Asia Oceania regions. Given that about 60% of the world’s population (about 7.4 billion) resides in this region (about 4.4 billion), this disease poses a significant threat to global health. Active vaccination campaigns conducted in endemic countries have led to a decrease in the number of reported cases over the years. In this article, we strive to briefly highlight recent advances in understanding the role of microRNAs in disease pathology, focus on providing brief summaries of recent clinical trials in the field of Japanese encephalitis therapeutics, and review the current prophylactic strategies.
Revisions of Theophanes Chrysobalantes De Curatione
Authors: Zipser Barbara
Published: March 2017

Background: Theophanes Chrysobalantes' De curatione is a little known but highly relevant therapeutic manual dating to the tenth century AD. The text has come down to us in  an unusually large number of manuscripts, most of which transmit a mainstream version of the text. Methods: In the present article, three versions deriving from the mainstream text are being examined. For this, these versions are being compared to the mainstream text, in order to understand the aim behind the alterations and additions they were subjected to. The overarching goal is to understand, why these changes were made, and how skilled the editors were. It is a rather unusual approach, as divergent versions are usually not examined in research literature, since they are secondary to the original text. Results and conclusions: The results clearly show that the text was redacted several times, but not by highly sophisticated editors. The general aims of the redactions were to make the text easier to understand.
Optimal Award Scheme in Innovation Tournaments
Authors: Ales Laurence , Cho Soo-Haeng , Körpeoğlu Ersin
Published: March 2017

In an innovation tournament, an organizer solicits innovative ideas from a number of independent agents. Agents exert effort to develop their solutions, but their outcomes are unknown due to technical uncertainty and/or subjective evaluation criteria. To incentivize agents to make their best effort, the organizer needs to devise a proper award scheme. While extant literature either assumes a winner-take-all scheme a priori or shows its optimality under specific distributions for uncertainty, this paper derives necessary and sufficient conditions under which the winner-take-all scheme is optimal. These conditions are violated when agents perceive it very likely that only few agents receive high evaluation or when a tournament does not require substantial increase in agents’ marginal cost of effort to develop high-quality solutions. Yet, the winner-take-all scheme is optimal in many practical situations, especially when agents have symmetric beliefs about their evaluation. In this case, the organizer should offer a larger winner prize when he is interested in obtaining a higher number of good solutions, but interestingly the organizer need not necessarily raise the winner prize when anticipating more participants to a tournament.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2016.1575 .
Examination of the Attitudes of Preschool Teacher Candidates and Teacher Candidates in Other Branches Towards Scientific Research in Terms of Some Variables
Authors: Ekici Fatma Yasar
Published: March 2017

The main objective of this study is to examine the attitudes of preschool teacher candidates and teacher candidates in other branches towards scientific research in terms of some variables. Survey method was used. The study group consists of 547 teacher candidates studying in education faculty of a private university in the spring term of 2015-2016 in Istanbul province. Personal Information Form, Scale of Attitude towards Scientific Research were used as data collection tool. According to the results; Preschool teacher candidates’ levels of reluctance to help researchers and negative attitudes towards research are lower when compared to Turkish language teacher candidates. Preschool teacher candidates’ positive attitudes towards researchs and researchers are higher when compared to Turkish language teacher candidates. Guidence and psychological counselor candidates’ negative attitudes towards research are lower when compared to Turkish language teacher candidates. The levels of reluctance to help researchers of male teacher candidates are higher when compared to female teacher candidates. Negative attitudes towards research of the teacher candidates who do not take the course of scientific research methods are higher when compared to the teacher candidates who take the research methods course. The teacher candidates’ attitudes towards research do not vary by age, grade level and the academic success average.
Crafting an Online Instrument to Conduct Research on Workplace Bullying
Authors: Hollis Leah P.
Published: March 2017

Instrument design is a powerful research approach to answer questions on a unique research topic.  If the design was crafted to gather demographic information, and included open-ended remarks from respondents, the instrument could gather data that could be used in primary and secondary analyses on the same topic.  Further, the quantitative data could establish independent and dependent variables for statistical tests, while the open-ended questions could garner qualitative data. This researcher created a 35-question instrument on workplace bullying for American higher education and conducted a study on 142 American community colleges. The findings revealed that 64% of respondents endured workplace bullying (Hollis, 2016).  This data set supported several book chapters that included descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, and qualitative data from the respondents. Further, by using the demographic data, the researcher was able to conduct a variety of analyses regarding workplace bullying and the association in community colleges involving race, gender, and sexual orientation. This practical essay will discuss insight to instrument development including a reflection on the literature review that informed the instrument design.
A Comparison of Syrian Migrant Students in Turkey and Germany: Entrepreneurial Tendencies and Career Expectations
Authors: Baltaci Ali
Published: March 2017

Entrepreneurship has been an intriguing issue as an indicator of economic development and social welfare particularly being focused on last decades. Furthermore, the issue of immigration has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Nowadays, the quality of the workforce and it's training processes are not getting only progressively important but as well the participation of migrants in the labor market will be a great problem in the future. Migrant’s entrepreneurial tendencies and career expectations designation are the main objectives of this research. This research was designed as a comparative qualitative model, and the structured written interview technique was used in order to collect the data. Randomly sampling study groups were formed according to methods of maximum diversity. The sampling group was formed by the participation of 12 Syrian migrant high school students who live and get trained in Altindag, a district of Ankara, Turkey and 13 Syrian migrant high school students who live and get trained in Kreuzberg, a district of Berlin, Germany. The collected data were analyzed by content analysis technique. The results of the research reveal that immigrant students have a high level of entrepreneurship in Germany, the nonetheless low level of the expectations of future career prospects in Turkey. Thus, the absences of sociocultural and economic areas where they will use entrepreneurial tendencies are a serious obstacle to them. Moreover, participants argue that they do not want to stay in Turkey anymore, and most of them intend to emigrate to Europe or another country if they can do so. Unlike Germany, many of the participants in Turkey neither know what they want to be nor how they want to live in the future and nor have they made any career planning.
Brazilian Primary and Secondary School Pupils´ Perception of Science and Scientists
Authors: Bartoszeck Amauri Betini , Bartoszeck Flavio Kulevicz
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this study is to understand in an exploratory way pupils´ perception of science and the image of scientists at primary and secondary school levels. Data was collected by means of a survey questionnaire and a drawing representing pupils´ depiction what scientists do during their working hours. A questionnaire anchored on a Likert scale was filled by 204 primary and 229 secondary school children. Pupils from this sample considered science classes enjoyable, helped to understand issues covered by media, that science is a body of knowledge whose goal is to make life more comfortable to people. A total of 433 drawings were collected at 3 urban and 1 rural schools. Drawings illustrated scientists in scientific activity, mainly working alone, wearing lab coat and eyeglasses. Scientific specialization included chemists, biologists and a few technologist and astronomers. Educational implications are discussed.
Reflections from the Lesson Study for the Development of Techno-Pedagogical Competencies in Teaching Fractal Geometry
Authors: Yildiz Avni , Baltaci Serdal
Published: March 2017

Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) is a model that explains how teachers use technology more effectively in the context of technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge. Teachers' TPACK competencies play great importance in this regard. Lesson study has also been playing significant roles in the development of teachers' professional trainings. When the researches on TPACK and lesson study have been analyzed, the research is expected to provide significant contributions to the literature. This study aims to present reflections from a lesson study practice that carried out to urge techno-pedagogical competencies of the secondary school mathematics teachers and to reveal the development of teachers’ progress. The study used case study method, and it was conducted with three in-service teachers. The research data were collected through semi-structured interviews, voice recorder, and observation notes. To analyze the collected data, descriptive analysis method was used. The results have revealed that teachers have made much more progress in designing, implementing, and problem solving in terms of TPACK competencies. It has also been determined that teachers’ development of openness to the innovations was limited. This limitation appeared to emerge as a result of teachers’ time anxiety and insufficient knowledge regarding the use of technology.
Student Centered Education Scale: A Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Boyaci Zeynep , Sahin Seyma , Hasirci Hayriye Merve Eris , Kilic Abdurrahman
Published: March 2017

The purpose of the study is to develop a valid and reliable scale to measure the teachers’ levels of student-centered education practices. The Exploratory Factor Analysis sample included a total of 426 teachers and the Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the scale was conducted on a total of 160 teachers working in the province of Duzce during the spring term of 2014-2015 education year. Exploratory Factor Analysis was performed to test the construct validity of the scale and the model was tested through the Confirmatory Factor Analysis. For the reliability, Cronbach’s Alpha internal coefficient was calculated and item analysis was performed based on the corrected item total correlation. The final form of the scale included 32 items and one dimension. These 32 items explained 40.04% of the total variance. The results of the item total correlation analysis indicated that none of the item was below 0.30 and the lowest item correlation coefficient was 0.51. Cronbach’s Alpha was found to be 0.95 for the internal consistency of the scale. The reliability and validity results for the Student-Centered Education Scale suggest that this scale is a reliable and valid tool to measure the levels of student-centered educational practices among teachers.
Cystosonography with echocontrast: A new imaging technic for detecting vesicoureteral reflux in children
Authors: Ifran E. K. B. , Lombay B. , Szabo L.
Published: March 2017

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common pediatric problem. Its late consequences may cause hypertension and renal failure, so that early diagnosis is important. Micturition cystourography (MCU) or radionuclide cystography (RNC) is the imaging of choice but these technics expose the children 10 radiation. Cystosonography with echocontrast is a new imagingtechnic lor detecting VUA without exposing the children to radiation. The aim of this article is to review this technic and to show our early experiences with this new method in the Pediatric Radiology Department of Borsod County Teaching Hospital, Miskolc, Hungary.