bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polycatégorialité et évolution diachronique : les emplois préfixoïdes de après(-) et arrière(-)
Authors: Amiot Dany , De Mulder Walter
Published: October 2015

L'article cherche à établir l'origine des emplois formatifs de arrière- et après- , ainsi que la manière dont ils se sont grammaticalisé, p. ex. dans arrière-cour ou après-match . L'étude de ces deux termes en ancien français montre que l'un et l'autre étaient polycatégoriels, qu'ils assumaient des emplois en tant que préposition, conjonction et particule, mais qu'ils avaient chacun un emploi préférentiel, après était fondamentalement une préposition alors qu' arrière était plutôt employé en tant qu'adverbe ou particule. L'étude montre que c'est bien l'emploi prépositionnel de après qui a permis son emploi en tant que formant, alors que l'émergence de arrière illustre un cas de substitution affixale. L'article permet par ailleurs de se poser la question du degré de grammaticalisation de ces deux éléments, et donc aussi celui de leur statut : sont-ils devenus, en français moderne, de véritables préfixes ou doivent-ils encore être considérés comme des préfixoïdes ? Mots-clés : préposition, préfixe, grammaticalisation, ancien français, français moderne
Literacy -Litéracie-littératie : évolution et destinée d'un concept
Authors: David Jacques
Published: October 2015

Dans cette contribution, la litéracie est envisagée d'un point de vue épistémologique afin d'en décrire les différentes dénominations, conceptualisations, acceptions et les frontières actuellement définies dans les champs des sciences humaines et sociales, et plus particulièrement de la linguistique de l'écrit. L'étude passe en revue les recherches anthropologiques et psychologiques, linguistiques et didactiques qui analysent les pratiques de litéracie à partir de questions fortes, liées aux rapports entre écriture et pensée, cultures orale et écrite, pratiques de lecture et d'écriture, apprentissage de la langue écrite et des textes. Les débats qui en sont issus sont mis en perspective du point de vue acquisitionnel, i.e . celui des élèves, et du point de vue linguistique, i.e. celui du fonctionnement du français écrit.
Les larmes de Fargue
Authors: Maillard Maxime
Published: October 2015

L'œuvre de Léon-Paul Fargue illustre la puissance créatrice des larmes en littérature. Le présent article explore différentes valeurs et significations associées aux larmes dans l'œuvre de cet héritier du symbolisme et témoin de l'aventure moderniste. Reflet d'un cœur triste dont la ville se teinte, expression du deuil ou encore véhicule d'une empathie réparatrice, la représentation lacrymale endosse chez Fargue de multiples sens qui mettent en jeu le sujet poétique et son rapport au monde.
La littérature pour penser l’écologie postcoloniale caribéenne
Authors: Ferdinand Malcom
Published: October 2015

Outre les millions de déplacés par la traite négrière, la violence inouïe de peuples amérindiens entièrement décimés, les équilibres écologiques écroulés et le rythme sanglant d’un esclavage multiséculaire, l’une des conséquences les plus importantes des colonisations européennes dans la Caraïbe demeure l’apparente disparition de récits. Cet article s’intéresse à la portée décoloniale d’une recherche et genèse de récits écologiques comme des traces de résistance à travers la littérature de cette région.
La Guerre des Demoiselles ou l’insurrection du Tiers-Langage
Authors: Breteau Clara
Published: October 2015

La « Guerre des Demoiselles » éclate en Ariège au début du XIX e  siècle en réaction à la disparition des droits d’usage ancestraux qui fondaient l’habitabilité du territoire et la survie de ses habitants. Bien qu’elle emprunte de façon générale certains aspects de la guérilla, nous verrons que cette rébellion se signale aussi par le déploiement d’un langage symbolique et poétique qui à la fois « habite » et « hante » son milieu, montrant la consubstantialité et la mise en crise simultanée du prosaïque et du poétique, de l’habitat et du discours.
Le déplacement
Authors: Roussillon Anna , Lamarche-Vadel Gaëtane
Published: October 2015

Interview d’Anna Roussillon, réalisatrice franco-égyptienne, du documentaire « je suis le peuple ». Tandis que le peuple se soulève sur la place Tahrir, des paysans du sud de l’Égypte regardent la révolution à la télévision. Du renversement de Moubarak à la chute de Morsi, le film suit les révoltes à travers les yeux de Farraj, un paysan de la vallée du Nil près de Louxor. À travers la vie quotidienne du fermier, les espoirs et les déceptions, le changement tarde à venir. Anna Roussillon parle du rôle de la télévision dans la vie quotidienne, de culture politique, des femmes, de son choix de filmer ailleurs qu’à Tarhir.
4. Quels sont les déterminants des choix d’orientation dans l’enseignement supérieur ?
Authors: Maurel Arnaud
Published: October 2015

Les étudiants qui décident de poursuivre des études supérieures sont confrontés à des choix d’orientation complexes qui ont des conséquences majeures en termes de salaires et de trajectoire professionnelle. Il est crucial de comprendre comment ces décisions sont formées, afin notamment d’aboutir à des politiques publiques permettant d’infléchir les inégalités d’accès aux différents cursus. La recherche en économie sur cette question met l’accent sur le rôle essentiel joué par les préférences et les aptitudes pour les différents types de formations, sur l’importance des imperfections d’information ainsi que sur l’effet du revenu familial sur l’orientation des étudiants.
8. Quels sont les effets de l’introduction de frais d’inscription dans les universités ? Une approche théorique et empirique
Authors: Moulin Léonard
Published: October 2015

Cet article propose une réflexion sur l’opportunité d’introduire des frais d’inscription dans les universités françaises. Pour ce faire, nous commençons par présenter les motivations théoriques liées à l’introduction de frais d’inscription. Nous nous intéressons ensuite aux effets empiriques de ces frais, en partant de la mise en perspective de différents contextes institutionnels avant de s’intéresser aux effets de l’introduction de frais d’inscription dans une université française. Nous concluons que l’introduction de frais d’inscription à l’Université Paris 9 Dauphine a eu des effets potentiellement ségrégatifs et inégalitaires sur les parcours scolaires des étudiants et que, contrairement aux prédictions théoriques, l’introduction de frais d’inscription dans cette université n’a pas eu d’effet sur la réussite des étudiants.
L’espace de la couleur comme espace de jeu dans la littérature enfantine, le cinéma des premiers temps et les fééries
Authors: Yumibe Joshua
Published: October 2015

Mêlant réflexions sur la culture de l’imprimé du xixe siècle et sur le cinéma des premiers temps, cet article examine les manières dont la couleur interagit avec l’espace cinématographique afin de créer une expérience spatiale et immersive pour le spectateur. L’article explore comment l’espace coloré imprimé était également conçu pour produire une expérience imaginaire et parallèle pour le lecteur et le spectateur des textes illustrés. S’appuyant sur la notion de Spiel-Raum (espace ludique) de Walter Benjamin qui permet de penser le potentiel spatial de la couleur, l’article délimite la variabilité de l’expérience immersive à travers la culture de l’imprimé et le cinéma des premiers temps en soulignant les façons dont la couleur fut alors utilisée pour attirer le spectateur incarné dans l’environnement intermédial du début du xxe siècle.
Le naturel et le mécanique : le Kinémacolor à la conquête de Paris, ou Charles Urban vs Charles Pathé
Authors: Turquety Benoît
Published: October 2015

Le Kinemacolor, premier procédé de cinématographie en « couleurs naturelles » exploité commercialement, et le Pathécolor, système industrialisé de « couleurs appliquées » mis au point par la firme dominante dans le film en couleur, sont en fait apparus tous deux au tournant des années 1910. Cette contemporanéité entraîne la production de discours promotionnels opposant les deux systèmes, discours riches d’implications théoriques. Parallèlement à la description des spécificités technologiques du Kinemacolor, cet article s’intéresse particulièrement aux modalités concrètes de la stratégie d’implantation du Kinemacolor à Paris : mode d’exploitation adopté, réception dans la presse française de ce dispositif singulier, réactions et explications des concurrents en jeu. L’analyse de ces machines et discours révèle un moment de vacillement épistémologique dans la construction culturelle du médium cinématographique.
Un épisode de l’histoire de la couleur au cinéma : le procédé Keller-Dorian et les films lenticulaires
Authors: Ede François
Published: October 2015

Le procédé Keller-Dorian est un procédé couleur additif inventé et breveté par le physicien Rodolphe Berthon en 1908. Il peut être considéré comme un procédé à réseau, mais le réseau est ici formé par des moyens purement optiques. Un filtre à trois bandes (RVB) est placé dans l'objectif et l'image du réseau se forme sur des éléments optiques microscopiques gravées sur le support du film. Quand le principe fut dévoilé, la plupart des spécialistes considérèrent que c'était la solution la plus élégante à ce jour pour résoudre le problème des films en couleurs.Mais la 1ère guerre mondiale interrompit les recherches initiales en France. En 1924, quelques films expérimentaux furent montrés, mais le problème du tirage des copies était loin d'être résolu. Peu après la création de la « Société du Film en Couleurs Keller-Dorian », de profondes divergences opposèrent l'équipe de recherche aux investisseurs. En 1930, la Société Keller-Dorian devenue insolvable, était rachetée par un groupe anglo-américain. Technicolor, Kodak et Paramount acquirent les brevets, et menèrent des recherches pour trouver une solution industrielle au tirage des copies. En Allemagne, le trust Siemens-Halske avait également acquis les brevets lenticulaires en 1931. Après quatre ans de recherches, les ingénieurs avaient réussi à obtenir des copies lenticulaires de bonne qualité. En 1936, le premier film allemand de fiction en couleurs est projeté durant les jeux Olympiques, et connaît un retentissement international. À la même époque, le département de recherche d'Agfa AG travaille sur un procédé soustractif chromogène et s'avère être un concurrent sérieux. De nombreux experts consultés à l'époque s'accordent pour estimer l'Agfacolor comme très supérieur au procédé lenticulaire. Siemens-Halske se retire du jeu en 1938. Après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la compagnie française Thomson-Houston fait une dernière tentative pour relancer un procédé désormais obsolescent. En 1947, la production de Jour de fête de Jacques Tati est annoncée. Mais le procédé de tirage s'avère impraticable et le film est exploité en noir et blanc. Le procédé Keller-Dorian, bien que fondé sur une idée élégante et prometteuse ne dépassa jamais le stade expérimental. L'intérêt qu'il suscita retomba avec l'arrivée des procédés soustractifs et chromogènes.
Limited Internodal Migration of T Follicular Helper Cells after Peripheral Infection with Herpes Simplex Virus-1
Authors: Stankovic Sanda , Harpur Christopher M. , Macleod Bethany L. , Whitney Paul G. , Gebhardt Thomas , Brooks Andrew G.
Published: October 2015

The ability of CD4 T cells to give rise to specialized T follicular helper cells (TFH) critical to initiating appropriate Ab responses is regulated by environmental cues in lymphoid tissues draining the site of infection. In this study, we used a skin infection with HSV-1 characterized by the successive involvement of interconnected but distinct lymph nodes (LNs), to investigate the anatomical diversification of virus-specific CD4 T cell responses and the migratory capacity of TFH or their precursors. Whereas Th1 effector CD4 T cells expressing peripheral-targeting migration molecules readily migrated from primary to secondary reactive LNs, Bcl6+ CXCR5+ PD1hi TFH were largely retained at the site of initial activation with little spillover into the downstream LNs involved at later stages of infection. Consistent with this, TFH maintained high-level surface expression of CD69, indicative of impaired migratory capacity. Notably, the biased generation and retention of TFH in primary LNs correlated with a preferential generation of germinal centers at this site. Our results highlight a limited anatomical diversification of TFH responses and germinal center reactions that were imprinted within the first few cell divisions during TFH differentiation in LNs draining the site of initial infection.
Phylogenetic Trees and Networks Reduce to Phylogenies on Binary States: Does it Furnish an Explanation to the Robustness of Phylogenetic Trees against Lateral Transfers?
Authors: Thuillard Marc , Fraix-Burnet Didier
Published: October 2015

This article presents an innovative approach to phylogenies based on the reduction of multistate characters to binary-state characters. We show that the reduction to binary characters’ approach can be applied to both character- and distance-based phylogenies and provides a unifying framework to explain simply and intuitively the similarities and differences between distance- and character-based phylogenies. Building on these results, this article gives a possible explanation on why phylogenetic trees obtained from a distance matrix or a set of characters are often quite reasonable despite lateral transfers of genetic material between taxa. In the presence of lateral transfers, outer planar networks furnish a better description of evolution than phylogenetic trees. We present a polynomial-time reconstruction algorithm for perfect outer planar networks with a fixed number of states, characters, and lateral transfers.
Evaluation of Patient Satisfaction with Tuberculosis Services in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Onyeonoro Ugochukwu U. , Chukwu Joseph N. , Nwafor Charles C. , Meka Anthony O. , Omotowo Babatunde I. , Madichie Nelson O. , Ogbudebe Chidubem , Ikebudu Joy N. , Oshi Daniel C. , Ekeke Ngozi , Paul Nsirimobu I. , Duru Chukwuma B.
Published: October 2015

Objective

Knowing tuberculosis (TB) patients’ satisfaction enables TB program managers to identify gaps in service delivery and institute measures to address them. This study is aimed at evaluating patients’ satisfaction with TB services in southern Nigeria.

Materials and Methods

A total of 378 patients accessing TB care were studied using a validated Patient Satisfaction (PS-38) questionnaire on various aspects of TB services. Factor analysis was used to identify eight factors related to TB patient satisfaction. Test of association was used to study the relation between patient satisfaction scores and patient and health facility characteristics, while multilinear regression analysis was used to identify predictors of patient satisfaction.

Results

Highest satisfaction was reported for adherence counseling and access to care. Patient characteristics were associated with overall satisfaction, registration, adherence counseling, access to care, amenities, and staff attitude, while health system factors were associated with staff attitude, amenities, and health education. Predictors of satisfaction with TB services included gender, educational status, if tested for HIV, distance, payment for TB services, and level and type of health-care facility.

Conclusion

Patient- and health system–related factors were found to influence patient satisfaction and, hence, should be taken into consideration in TB service programing.
Characterization of total ecosystem scale biogenic VOC exchange at a Mediterranean oak-hornbeam forest
Authors: Schallhart S. , Rantala P. , Nemitz E. , Mogensen D. , Tillmann R. , Mentel T. F. , Rinne J. , Ruuskanen T. M.
Published: October 2015

Abstract. Recently, the number and amount of biogenically emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been discussed vigorously. Depending on the ecosystem the published number varies between a dozen and several hundred compounds. We present ecosystem exchange fluxes from a mixed oak-hornbeam forest in the Po Valley, Italy. The fluxes were measured by a proton transfer reaction-time-of-flight (PTR-ToF) mass spectrometer and calculated by the eddy covariance (EC) method. Detectable fluxes were observed for twelve compounds, dominated by isoprene, which comprised over 65 % of the total flux emission. The daily average of the total VOC emission was 9.5 nmol m-2 s-1. Methanol had the highest concentration and accounted for the largest deposition. Methanol seemed to be deposited to dew, as the deposition happened in the early morning, right after the calculated surface temperature came closest to the calculated dew point temperature. We estimated that up to 27 % of the upward flux of methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and methacrolein (MACR) originated from atmospheric oxidation of isoprene. A comparison between two flux detection methods (classical/visual and automated) was made. Their respective advantages and disadvantages were discussed and the differences in their results shown. Both provide comparable results; however we recommend the automated method with a compound filter, which combines the fast analysis and better flux detection, without the overestimation due to double counting.
Comparison of methods for separating flood frequency of reservoir by sub-seasons
Authors: Li J. , Xie M. , Xie K. , Li R.
Published: October 2015

Abstract. The development of separate flood frequency distributions for different sub-seasons within a year can be useful for protection, storage and utilization of flood flows for the reservoir operation management. This paper applies conventional statistical method, fractal method and the mixed Von Mises distribution to the separation of flood sub-seasons for inflows to Hongfeng Reservoir in China. Design floods are found for different sub-seasons, along with flood control levels for flood regulation. The flood season is divided into four sub-seasons using the fractal method: the pre-rainy season (May), main-flood season (June and July), late-flood season I (August) and late-flood season II (September). The mixed Von Mises distribution method accounts for the general flood pattern and combines August and September as one late-flood season, for three sub-seasons with different frequency distributions. The flood regulation calculation results show little difference between the control water levels in August and September, so the two can be combined into one period.
Effects of Improved-Floor Function on the Accuracy of Bilinear Interpolation Algorithm
Authors: Rukundo Olivier
Published: October 2015

In this study, the standard IEEE 754–2008 and modulo-based floor functions for rounding non-integers have been presented. Their effects on the accuracy of the bilinear interpolation algorithm have been demonstrated. The improved-floor uses the modulo operator in an effort to make each non-integer addend an integer when the remainder between the multiplicative inverse of the fractional factor and the numerator is greater than zero. The experiments demonstrated relatively positive effects with the improved-floor function and the alternativeness to the standard round function.
Cableless In-piping Magnetic Actuator for Transportation over Long-range
Authors: Izumikawa Tomohiro , Watanabe Ryuichi , Yaguchi Hiroyuki
Published: October 2015

This paper proposes a cableless In-piping magnetic actuator capable of locomotion over long range of 1,000 m within a pipe having an inner diameter of 10 mm. The cableless magnetic actuator is moved by using resonance energy of a mass-spring system excited by using an electromagnetic force. The proposed actuator incorporates a new type of an electrical inverter that directly transforms DC from button batteries into AC. The electrical DC-AC inverter incorporates a mass-spring system, two reed switches and two curved permanent magnets that switch under an electromagnetic force. The conventional DC-AC inverter and the newly proposed inverter were compared, and the effect of the inverter on the motive properties of the cableless magnetic actuator was examined. The influence of the consumption current of the battery on the range of the actuator was examined. Experimental result demonstrates that the cableless magnetic actuator was able to move horizontally at 1,588 m, and horizontal speed at 176.5 mm/s when two reed switches were used.
Narrativas digitais sobre os exames de admissão ao ginásio: ego-documentos e cultura escrita na história do tempo presente
Authors: Silva Cristiani Bereta da
Published: October 2015

A proposta deste artigo é discutir narrativas digitais escritas em primeira pessoa, tomadas em seu sentido mais amplo de ego-documentos. Foram analisados 12 blogs e 4 sites pessoais que trazem histórias escritas sobre os exames de admissão ao ginásio (que vigoraram no Brasil entre 1931 e 1971), bem como os comentários relativos a cada postagem. A análise das narrativas foi desenvolvida a partir de três eixos irredutivelmente articulados: o primeiro deles é metodológico e requer problematizar as possibilidades e limites de se explorar blogs e sites como fontes históricas adequadas para se compreender os fenômenos contemporâneos da memória, da narrativa e das temporalidades. O segundo eixo implica analisar as narrativas postadas nos blogs e sites como fenômenos que contribuem para dotar de inteligibilidade a história da cultura escrita no tempo presente. O terceiro eixo de análise impõe uma reflexão sobre os sentidos do passado e da memória nas escritas de si. As questões aqui levantadas lidam com os desafios sobre a significação e interpretação do tempo pelos sujeitos do presente. Se se considera que narrar a própria vida é uma necessidade transcultural relativa à significação da existência, é irrenunciável pensar nas mudanças operadas na experiência humana e sua relação com a historicidade depois que a hiperconectividade, possibilitada pela web 2.0, alterou significativamente os fluxos do tempo e do espaço. Palavras-chave: Cultura escrita; Narrativas digitais; Exames de admissão ao ginásio.
La Historia social de la cultura escrita. Una entrevista con Antonio Castillo Gómez
Authors: Silva Cristiani Bereta da
Published: October 2015

Doctor en Historia, Antonio Castillo Gómezes Profesor Titular (acreditado como Catedrático) de Historia de la Cultura Escrita en la Universidad de Alcalá. Antes de ser profesor de la Universidad, fue becario de investigación (1987-1990 y 1991-1995). Se puede decir que su interés por la Historia social de la cultura escrita comenzó a adquirir relevancia cuando  escribía su  tesis,  tiempo  en  el  que, cabe señalar, hizo sendas estancias de investigación en Italia con Armando Petruccien los años de 1989 y 1990 en Roma, enla Universidad “La Sapienza” (“Istituto di Paleografia”). Y como estudios posdoctorales en 1995, en Pisa, en la “Scuola Normale Superiore”, también con Armando Petrucci. En 2005 fue profesor invitado de la École des hautes études en sciences sociales de París a propuesta de Roger Chartier. Asimismo ha sido profesor invitado o conferenciante en distintas universidades extranjeras, especialmente de Italia, Portugal, Francia, Inglaterra, Finlandia, México, Argentina y Brasil.
AmBird: Mediating Intimacy for Long Distance Relationships through an Ambient Awareness System
Authors: Jespersen Sine , Stounbjerg Rasmus , Verdezoto Nervo
Published: October 2015

This paper introduces the AmBird concept that explores how to provide alternatives for mediating intimacy for people that are living apart. The initial design and implementation of the AmBird concept is described as well as a preliminary concept validation. Based on the lessons learned, we highlight the opportunities of AmBird to support multiple intimate acts and our future work. 
The Messaging Kettle: It’s IoTea time
Authors: Soro Alessandro , Brereton Margot , Roe Paul
Published: October 2015

It’s time to consider people in designing the Internet of Things (IoT). We demonstrate a working prototype of a Messaging Kettle. It is designed to facilitate asynchronous communication and enable a sense of presence between adult children and their older parents living remotely from them through the familiar comfort routine of boiling the kettle to make a cup of tea. Our goal is to offer a human centred critique of the Internet of Things, which has largely been conceived without consideration of the people who will use the things, and rather has traditionally moved from a technology oriented perspective. In the case of smart homes this approach has produced a wide array of projects focused on monitoring the habits of the elderly, recognizing anomalies and alerting the caregivers. In contrast we propose to focus on engagement and reciprocity, building on the rituals associated with habitually used and cherished objects. We conclude by revisiting the technology-oriented framework for the Internet of Things to include our observations on people’s perspectives on smart communicating objects. 
Researching for Change in a Globalising Asymmetric World
Authors: Blake Edwin , Büskens Ineke , Dearden Andy
Published: October 2015

The field of research on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the service of social development (ICTD) is ripe for reframing. The asymmetries of the world are currently mirrored in the aims, practice and outcomes of too much ICTD research. The consequence is that people who might benefit from creative use of current and emerging technologies all over the world are excluded from the social processes and benefits of innovation and knowledge production. The ICTD research community’s widespread dissatisfaction with this situation haunts ICTD gatherings.

In this workshop we want to explore critical alternatives to the current practice. We intend drafting and articulating critical alternatives for future research that is emancipatory, inclusive and oriented towards globally sustainable futures.

To achieve this we first want to acknowledge and expose the vastly different knowledge interests and agendas of the various stakeholders. By examining a series of questions we shall then strive for a responsive reformulation of our approaches in a way that will not easily settle into a new orthodoxy. This will mean that we need to examine not only research and action agendas, transformation, inclusiveness, and power relations, but also our own personal growth and care for ourselves as actors in transformation.

It is fortuitous that the 5th decennial Aarhus conference comes on the target date for the achievement of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. What next? We want to ensure that after 2015, the research approaches that are adopted and promoted in ICTD are actually structured in the service of development. An ICT that is for Development cannot be realised by blindly replicating global asymmetries where aims and approaches are defined by the powerful and imposed on those at the margins. 
Application of Graph Theory to the elaboration of personal genomic data for genealogical research
Authors: Palleschi Vincenzo , Pagani Luca , Pagnotta Stefano , Amato Giuseppe , Tofanelli Sergio
Published: October 2015

In this communication a representation of the links between DNA-relatives based on Graph Theory is applied to the analysis of personal genomic data to obtain genealogical information. The method is tested on both simulated and real data and its applicability to the field of genealogical research is discussed. We envisage the proposed approach as a valid tool for a streamlined application to the publicly available data generated by many online personal genomic companies. In this way, anonymized matrices of pairwise genome sharing counts can help to improve the retrieval of genetic relationships between customers who provide explicit consent to the treatment of their data.
Finite‐time H∞ filtering for Markov jump systems with partially unknown transition rates
Authors: Zhou Juan , Ai Xinru
Published: August 2024

The thesis studies a stochastic finite‐time bounded (SFTB) filter design method for time‐varying delay Markov jump systems (MJSs) with partially unknown transition rates. First, a Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional with triple integral is built, the free weight matrix is added for lowering the conservatism. And the condition of SFTB of the error system is analyzed. Then, according to linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), a new filter design method is presented. Moreover, the dimension of the filter obtained is free, and the filter ensures that the error system is SFTB. Finally, the validity and effectiveness of the conclusion of this paper are demonstrated by simulation examples.
Nanosecond Phase‐Transition Dynamics in Elemental Tellurium
Authors: Sun Yuting , Li Bowen , Yang Tieying , Yang Qun , Yu Haibin , Gotoh Tamihiro , Shi Chenyi , Shen Jiabin , Zhou Peng , Elliott Stephen R. , Li Huanglong , Song Zhitang , Zhu Min
Published: August 2024

Elemental tellurium, a prototypical one‐dimensional van der Waals material, has recently been found to crystallize quickly from the liquid on a nanosecond timescale, yet the inherent mechanism is not clear. Here, by combining in situ high‐energy synchrotron radiation X‐ray diffraction with ab initio molecular‐dynamics simulation, it is found that trigonal crystalline Te completely melts into the liquid phase at 450 °C, and recrystallizes into the trigonal phase for temperatures lower than 380 °C without the formation of any other phase. This directly confirms the recent proposal of a crystal‐liquid‐crystal phase transition in this material underlying the observed electrical‐switching process. Atomic‐scale, melt‐quench computer simulations show that liquid Te is capable of crystallizing within a time of 25 ps in the vicinity of templating crystallization interfaces. This ultrafast crystallization ability of Te can be understood as being due to delayed Peierls distortions during a quench and therefore a high atomic mobility over a wide range of temperature. This finding opens the way to develop a crystal‐liquid‐crystal, phase‐transition‐based selector switch with an ultrafast switching speed.
Engineering the Template Layer for Silicon Phthalocyanine‐Based Organic Thin Film Transistors
Authors: Ewenike Raluchukwu B. , Lin Zheng Sonia , Cranston Rosemary R. , Lamontagne Halynne R. , Shuhendler Adam J. , Kim Chang‐Hyun , Brusso Jaclyn L. , Lessard Benoît H.
Published: August 2024

Multi‐phenyl and multi‐thiophene rod‐like molecules are typically used for weak epitaxial growth (WEG) of highly ordered organic semiconductor films enabling controllable microstructure properties and improved device performance. However, very few templating molecules have been reported, making it challenging to establish structure‐property relationships. As semiconductors are integrated into organic thin film transistors (OTFTs), the impact of templating layers on semiconductor microstructure and device performance must be established. Herein, four aromatic molecules with similar structure to para‐sexiphenyl (p‐6P) are synthesized and incorporated as the template layer in bis (pentafluoro phenoxy) silicon phthalocyanine (F10‐SiPc) OTFTs. The use of fluorinated p‐6P (p‐6PF) yields devices with the highest electron field‐effect mobility of 0.14 cm2 V−1 s−1 while a partially fluorinated p‐6P (p‐6PF4) results in improved threshold voltage. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrates varying F10‐SiPc crystallinity with choice of templating layer with the most crystalline films resulting from the use of p‐6PF. By grazing incidence wide angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) and polarized Raman microscopy, all templating layers yield films with F10‐SiPc molecules predominantly aligned face‐on to the substrate. However, rod‐like p‐6P derivatives increased the face‐on orientation of F10‐SiPc. This study highlights the importance of template layer selection and deposition optimization in WEG‐based OTFTs.
Synaptic Behavior of Iodine‐Enriched Copper‐Based Perovskite Memristors Developed Through a Sustainable Solution Approach
Authors: Dutta Subhajit , Panchanan Swagata , Yoo Jung Hyeon , Kumar Surjeet , Yoo Ho Chan , Seok Sang Il , Dastgeer Ghulam , Yoon Dae Ho
Published: August 2024

The advancement of digital technology has spurred the proliferation of data, creating a pressing need for efficient storage solutions. In this regard, memristors have emerged as promising contenders as next‐generation non‐volatile memory, offering superior electrical capabilities. Among memristor materials, lead halide perovskites have garnered significant interest due to their tuneable properties, facile synthesis methods, and remarkable resistive switching (RS) performance. However, concerns over environmental toxicity and stability remain. This issue has been addressed by switching to copper (Cu) based perovskites that exhibit wide bandgap semiconducting properties with zero toxicity and long‐term stability. In this manuscript, a novel approach is investigated to achieve iodine‐enriched Cs–Cu–I perovskite thin films for memristor applications. Through strategic functionalization of synthesis processes, superior optoelectronic properties are achieved in the thin films. This modified Cs–Cu–I based memristor (CCI device) exhibits excellent RS behavior at a low operating voltage of 0.7 V, with a long retention period of 4 × 103 s and very low power consumption of 2 × 10−9 W. The experimental realization of the synaptic behavior from the modified CCI device is demonstrated through its spike‐rate‐dependent plasticity (SRDP) behavior. The device response to short‐ and long‐term pulses experimentally verifies the Atkinson and Shiffrin psychological model for training the human brain. This work not only highlights the potential of the modified CCI devices for RRAM but also paves the way for improved lead‐free perovskite‐based neuromorphic devices for biological applications.
In2S3/MXene‐Gated Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistor With Target‐Induced Dipedal DNA Walker Modulation for DBP Biosensing
Authors: Zhang Haowei , Zhou Yunlei , Zhang Miao , Cao Yaoyuan , Yin Huanshun , Ai Shiyun
Published: August 2024

Organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) biosensor have become an advanced bioanalytical technology due to their superior performance. In this work, a novel target‐induced bipedal DNA walker‐mediated and In2S3/Ti3C2 (MXene) Schottky junction‐gated OPECT aptasensor is developed. The DNA walker is activated by recognition between the aptamer and the target, and then moved along a predetermined orbital interface, realizing the integration of target recognition and signal amplification detection, thus obtaining higher detection sensitivity and shorter detection duration. To validate the innovative nature of OPECT bioassays, signals are obtained on OPECT‐specific detection of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) as a target molecule through alkaline phosphatase ‐mediated ascorbic acid (AA) enrichment at the In2S3/MXene photosensitive gate. AA enrichment effectively depleted holes and enhanced the photoelectric response by inhibiting electron‐hole pair complexation, realizing effective modulation of the organic semiconductor poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate). The presented OPECT aptasensor achieved sensitive detection of DBP and provided a low detection limit of 0.18 fM based on the homogeneous, well‐integrated nature of aptamer recognition. Considering the detection of different toxicant molecules, it is expected to serve as a generalized tool with excellent performance.
Development of D–A–D‐Type NIR‐II Photothermal Agents for Synergistic Eradication of Multidrug‐Resistant Bacteria and Promoting Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Liu Ji , Wang Yuxin , Gao Weijie , Cao Mingyi , Bian Haojun , Wang Shiya , Gui Lijuan , Zhao Changhui , Gu Yueqing , Zhong Qifeng , Zheng Jinrong , Zhang Li , Yuan Zhenwei
Published: August 2024

The challenge in treating diabetic foot infections caused by drug‐resistant bacteria is rapidly eradicating bacteria and accelerating wound healing. NIR‐II‐induced photothermal therapy (PTT) offers notable advantages over conventional treatments, such as broad‐spectrum bactericidal efficacy, better penetration depth in biological tissues, and higher skin tolerance thresholds, making it particularly suitable for addressing diabetic foot infections. Herein, it is found that NIR‐II dye IR26 exhibited good photothermal effects but poor photothermal stability. By modifying IR26 with methoxy and triphenylamine groups, a novel D–A–D‐type NIR‐II small molecule photothermal agent (IRC) is developed, with high photothermal stability and photothermal conversion efficiency (44.3%). IRC exhibited a maximum absorption wavelength of 1166 nm and a maximum emission wavelength of 1238 nm. However, PTT alone cannot effectively promote diabetic wound healing. Therefore, a novel nanoplatforms (Cur‐IRC@PCM) are developed by coloading IRC and curcumin, a natural wound–healing compound, into thermosensitive liposomes to treat MRSA‐infected diabetic wounds. Under 980 nm laser irradiation, Cur‐IRC@PCM provided PTT and controlled the precise release of curcumin, effectively synergizing to eradicate drug‐resistant bacteria and accelerate wound closure. The intelligent antibacterial nanoplatforms Cur‐IRC@PCM also exhibits excellent biocompatibility, rendering it a promising therapeutic tool in biomedical fields for combating drug‐resistant bacterial infections.
Unveiling Contact‐Electrification Effect on Interfacial Water Oscillation
Authors: Tang Zhen , Lin Shiquan , Wang Zhong Lin
Published: August 2024

Water is crucial for various physicochemical processes at the liquid–solid interfaces. In particular, the interfacial water, mediating the electric field and solvation effect along with the solid, corporately determine the electrochemical properties. Understanding the interaction between solid properties and the interface water holds significant importance in interfacial dynamics. However, the impact of alterations in the charged state of solid surfaces induced by contact electrification on interfacial water remains unknown. Here, the evolution of atomic‐level resolution maps of hydration layers are reported on charged surfaces using 3D atomic force microscopy (3D‐AFM). These findings demonstrate that electrostatic interactions can reinforce, distort, or collapse the characteristic structure of hydration layers. More importantly, these interactions exhibit interlayer differences and sample specificity in hydration layer structures of different substrates. In addition, similar oscillations of the hydration layer are observed at the electrochemical interface under different voltage biases. This suggests that contact‐electrification has the potential to serve as a novel method for manipulating and regulating chemical reactions at the interface.
Hole Polaron‐Mediated Suppression of Electron–Hole Recombination Triggers Efficient Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation
Authors: Li Huiyi , Chen Renli , Sun Liang , Wang Yanru , Liu Qilong , Zhang Qun , Xiao Chong , Xie Yi
Published: August 2024

In the pursuit of successful photocatalytic transformations, challenges persist due to limitations in charge carrier utilization and transfer efficiency, which stemming from rapid recombination. Overcoming these limitations necessitates the exploration of novel mechanisms that enhance the effective separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Herein, deviating from the conventional approach of enhancing carrier migration to separate photogenerated charges and extend their lifetime, the proposal is to directly prevent the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes by forming hole polarons. Specifically, disordered pores are introduced on the surface of KTaO3 ultrathin sheets, and the clear‐cut evidences in electron paramagnetic resonance, photoluminescence, and ultrafast spectroscopy unambiguously confirm the enhanced carrier–phonon coupling, which results in the formation of hole polarons to impede the recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Taking the challenging nitrogen oxidation reaction as an example, it is found that the hole polarons in atomic‐disordered pore KTaO3 ultrathin nanosheets trigger outstanding photo‐oxidation performance of  nitrogen (N2)to nitrate, with a nitrate‐producing rate of 2.1 mg g−1 h−1. This scenario is undoubtedly applicable to a wide variety of photocatalytic reactions due to the common challenge of charge carrier recombination in all photocatalytic processes, manifesting broad implications for promoting photocatalysis performance.
One‐Dimensional Single‐Crystal Mesoporous TiO2 Supported CuW6O24 Clusters as Photocatalytic Cascade Nanoreactor for Boosting Reduction of CO2 to CH4
Authors: Zhang Jiaming , Shi Duoxin , Yang Junyu , Duan Linlin , Zhang Pengfei , Gao Mingbin , He Jinlu , Gu Yulan , Lan Kun , Zhang Jiangwei , Liu Jian , Zhao Dongyuan , Ma Yuzhu
Published: August 2024

Constructing nanoreactors with multiple active sites in well‐defined crystalline mesoporous frameworks is an effective strategy for tailoring photocatalysts to address the challenging of CO2 reduction. Herein, one‐dimensional (1‐D) mesoporous single‐crystal TiO2 nanorod (MS‐TiO2‐NRs, ≈110 nm in length, high surface area of 117 m2 g−1, and uniform mesopores of ≈7.0 nm) based nanoreactors are prepared via a droplet interface directed‐assembly strategy under mild condition. By regulating the interfacial energy, the 1‐D mesoporous single‐crystal TiO2 can be further tuned to polycrystalline fan‐ and flower‐like morphologies with different oxygen vacancies (Ov). The integration of single‐crystal nature and mesopores with exposed oxygen vacancies make the rod‐like TiO2 nanoreactors exhibit a high‐photocatalytic CO2 reduction selectivity to CO (95.1%). Furthermore, photocatalytic cascade nanoreactors by in situ incorporation of CuW6O24 (W–Cu) clusters onto MS‐TiO2‐NRs via Ov are designed and synthesized, which improved the CO2 adsorption capacity and achieved two‐step CO2–CO–CH4 photoreduction. The second step CO‐to‐CH4 reaction induced by W–Cu sites ensures a high generation rate of CH4 (420.4 µmol g−1 h−1), along with an enhanced CH4 selectivity (≈94.3% electron selectivity). This research provides a platform for the design of mesoporous single‐crystal materials, which potentially extends to a range of functional ceramics and semiconductors for various applications.
Enhancing Electrical Conductivity in Cellulosic Fabric: A Study of Bio‐Based Coating Formulations
Authors: Abdi Babak , Baniasadi Hossein , Tarhini Ali , Tehrani‐Bagha Ali
Published: August 2024

This study explores the development of electrically conductive bio‐based textiles by investigating the fabrication and structural characterization of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) coatings on viscose fabric (VF) using two bio‐based binders. The research employs various analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, water contact angle (WCA) measurements, optical microscopy, air permeability tests, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), mechanical property evaluations, and electrical conductivity tests. Optimization of the coating process revealed that a binder concentration of 20 g L−1 combined with six dip‐dry cycles offered the optimal balance of conductivity, water contact angle (WCA), and coating uniformity. The study found distinct correlations between binder type and properties such as WCA, air permeability, surface coverage, and thermal stability. The incorporation of carbon‐based materials significantly enhanced the electrical conductivity of the samples, with MWCNT‐coated fabrics demonstrating higher conductivity compared to those coated with GNP. Furthermore, the inclusion of a hot‐pressing step further improved the electrical conductivity. MWCNT‐coated fabrics exhibited excellent electrical heating properties, generating temperatures up to 130 °C with a 10 V DC voltage. These findings advance the field of e‐textiles, presenting straightforward, bio‐based methods for creating highly conductive textiles with good mechanical properties and thermal stability.
High‐Performance Dedicated Snares with Tip Attachments can Overcome Current Disadvantages in Cold Snare Polypectomy
Authors: Hirose Ryohei , Yoshida Naohisa , Yoshida Takuma , Mukai Hiroki , Yamauchi Katsuma , Miyazaki Hajime , Watanabe Naoto , Bandou Risa , Inoue Ken , Dohi Osamu , Inagaki Yoshikazu , Inada Yutaka , Murakami Takaaki , Yanagisawa Akio , Ikegaya Hiroshi , Nakaya Takaaki , Itoh Yoshito
Published: August 2024

Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) has the disadvantage of a lower histopathological complete resection rate (HCRR) because blunt resection using CSP‐dedicated snares (DSs) causes mucosal retraction into the sheath during capture/resection. In this study, attachments are designed to narrow the sheath tip's inner diameter from 1.8 to 1.3‒1.1 mm to prevent mucosal retraction. Eight prototype snares with different component characteristics are combined with these attachments. Additionally, product version DS with attachment (Smart Snare Cold) and existing DSs, such as Exacto Cold Snare, are prepared. For snare performance evaluation, the force required to resect (FRR) human colonic mucosa, mucosal retraction amount (MRA), and clinical data are obtained. The attachments that narrowed the inner diameter to 1.3 or 1.1 mm reduce the FRR to 74.9%−93.8% and 68.0%−84.9%, respectively, and reduce the MRA to 21.0%−35.3% and 15.1%−26.8%, respectively. Thus, the reduced inner diameter improves resection ability and prevents mucosal retraction. The clinical findings show that Smart Snare Cold has significantly higher muscularis mucosa resection rates and HCRRs than Exacto Cold Snare (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). Thus, the novel DS with tip attachment improves the HCRR and overcomes the current CSP disadvantage by simultaneously improving resection ability and preventing mucosal retraction.
Hybridization of Long‐Range and Short‐Range Charger Transfer Enables Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent and Hyperfluorescent OLEDs
Authors: Meng Yuan , Chen Guohao , Peng Hao , Miao Jingsheng , Liu He , Yang Chuluo
Published: August 2024

Exploring possible strategy to balance the radiative decay and reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) are of great significance in thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters for enabling both high efficiency and low efficiency roll‐off. Herein, by introducing a multi‐resonance (MR) type acceptor, two TADF emitters featuring hybridized short‐range charge transfer (SRCT) and long‐rang charge transfer (LRCT) are designed. LRCT‐dominate photoluminescent nature is maintained with a short delayed lifetime of 1.5–3.4 µs. While the incorporated SRCT accelerates the radiative decay. Consequently, both emitters demonstrate remarkable electroluminescent performance with maximum EQE (EQEmax) of 40.8% for IT‐BO and 39.0% for IA‐BO, respectively, along with ultra‐high luminance of up to 120 000 cd m−2. More encouragingly, both emitters can enable small efficiency roll‐off with a minimum value of only 4%, highlighting the significance of enhanced kr in suppressing the roll‐off. Moreover, when served as sensitizers, both compounds can also endow excellent performances with EQEmax ≈38%. This work presents an innovative approach by hybridizing SRCT and LRCT for developing practical TADF emitters.