Resensi Buku Alfred Schutz: Pengarusutamaan Fenomenologi dalam Tradisi Ilmu Sosial (Book Review Alfred Schutz: Mainstreaming Phenomenology in the Tradition of Social Sciences)
Authors: Tani Ini Tanjung , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo 
Published: June 2021

The book "Alfred Schutz: Mainstreaming Phenomenology in the Tradition of Social Sciences" discusses the figure of Schutz regarding his phenomenological methodology which is not widely discussed in the academic world. Schutz himself is an important philosopher and sociologist because of his theory in sociology and philosophy studies. In the world of philosophy, he is a figure who studies the Husserlian tradition of phenomenology. Meanwhile, in the world of sociology himself, Schutz chose to explore Weber's methodological project. With the methodology proposed by Weber, he seeks to develop an interpretive methodology as an attempt to counter the tendency of the positivism tradition of science. The book was written to provide a discussion of the phenomenological methodology by Schutzian, which Schutz pioneered. Through his methodology, he taught that every individual is present in the stream of consciousness obtained from the process of reflecting on daily experiences. This book focuses on explaining the phenomenological methodology by Schutzian which later can become a reference for academics in Indonesia in developing the Schutzian methodology for Indonesian academics. In addition, this book also introduces Alfred Schutz as a critical intellectual who is not widely known, but whose thoughts and contributions have an impact on the world of social science.This book is written and aimed at Indonesian academics, especially in the realm of philosophy and sociology. Although the name Schutz himself lost to other philosophers, he had a very large contribution in the fields of philosophy and sociology, especially for science in Indonesia. The methodology adopted by Schutz has inspired many academics to read reality. It is evident from the many studies in Indonesia that use the phenomenology of the Schutz methodology. This phenomenology is used to read reality in society. As in research conducted by Ristia (2020), it was found that people have different opinions, this is due to the influence of the applied norms. These different opinions become absolute and become freedom by each individual. Research using the Schutz phenomenology method can also be used to explore types of phenomenology and ethnography. Research in the genre of "transcendental phenomenology" is a phenomenon outside the egos of the researcher because the source of truth can be obtained by direct observation of the natural surroundings. The author presents a biography of Alfred Schutz, who was a unique and influential intellectual but little known. The introduction of the background, politics, and culture in Schutz can inspire readers to get inspiration on Schutz's life. In addition, by knowing his background, readers will be able to analyze how a Schutz gets his thoughts. Apart from the history of Schutz's travels, its also provides a brief biography of Husserll. Husserll himself was an influential figure who influenced Schutz's thinking, he himself had the aim of building a scientific basis for philosophy and phenomenology in social science. Schutz's thoughts on phenomenology did not stop there, especially regarding sociology. Schutz's ideas were also continued by his students, such as Schutz himself who inherited knowledge from Husserll. Peter Berger and Luckmann, Schutz's students who could be said to shine were also briefly discussed in this book. They are both known for their work entitled The Social Construction of Reality, which is a work inspired by Schutz. Apart from the two of them, George Psathas, a Schutz student, will also be discussed briefly. Psathas himself prefers to discuss empirical studies in phenomenology which will later be useful for building knowledge about individuals in the subjective world.The book is very important for many people to know, because Alfred Schutz himself was an intellectual who was quite influential in the development of sociology for both the western and non-western worlds (such as Indonesia). The phenomenological study put forward by Schutz itself is a study that can be used by academics, especially sociologists to examine cases and realities in society. Indonesian sociologists and anthropologists can also apply Schutz's methodology and phenomenology studies to research Indonesian society. Indonesian academics have the opportunity to contribute to the scientific space globally to continue developing Schutz's ideas and thoughts. By reading the book, academics and readers will get inspiration from Schutz's thoughts that have been described. Indonesian academics have the opportunity to be involved in global academic activities. So that it is the right choice for academics (social science) to read and implement the knowledge that has been obtained into existing cases and realities.