bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Apiwarol applied by electric smoker for control of Varroa destructor in honey bee colonies
Authors: GĄBKA JAKUB , KOTLICKI WOJCIECH , KAMIŃSKI ZBIGNIEW , ZAJDEL BARBARA
Published: February 2019

The use of electric smoker for the application of Apiwarol is a practical method for Varroa destructor control in honey bee colonies. However, according to some reports this method may decrease the efficacy of the drug. The aim of this study was to compare Varroa control in colonies treated by the electric smoker Wakont and in the traditional method. Twenty colonies were investigated. They were fumigated four times every four days. The electric smoker was used in ten colonies and in another ten colonies the tablets were smoked inside the beehives on the bottom board. Bottom traps were inserted in hives to collect and count dead Varroa. A day after the last fumigation treatment, a sugar roll test was applied to assess the number of mites left on bees. There were no statistically significant differences in the Varroa fall during the treatments and in the number of mites left on bees after the treatments between these two groups. We did not ascertain a decreasing of the effectiveness of Apiwarol after application by using the electric smoker.
Senecavirus A: An emerging pathogen causing vesicular disease in pigs
Authors: NIEDBALSKI WIESŁAW , FITZNER ANDRZEJ
Published: February 2019

Senecavirus A (SVA) is a single representative species of the Senecavirus genus within the family Picornaviridae. This review presents the current knowledge regarding SVA epidemiology, transmission, pathogenesis, clinical signs, differential diagnosis and control measures. SVA is not debilitating, but significant because of its resemblance to acute, highly contagious and economically devastating viral diseases, such as FMD. The incubation period of SVA is 4-5 days, the viremia period is short, lasting 3 to 10 days post infection (dpi). SVA shedding lasts up to 28 days. SVA can be shed by oral and nasal secretions and by faeces. The virus excretion peak occurs between 1 and 5 dpi, especially in oral secretions, which contain higher virus loads relative to nasal secretions and faeces. SVA lesions are found most frequently on the snout, lips and tongue, as well as on hooves, specifically, on coronary bands, dewclaws, hoof pads and in interdigital space. The vesicles quickly rupture to form ulcers that may be covered by serofibrinous exudates. The ulcers begin to repair in 7 days, and the regeneration of epithelium is usually complete within 2 weeks. Since clinical lesions induced by SVA are indistinguishable from those observed in other vesicular diseases of swine, accurate and reliable laboratory differential diagnosis is critical to the precise identification of the infectious agent. SVA has potential cytolytic activity and high selectivity for tumour cell lines with neuroendocrine properties versus adult normal cells. Because of its potential oncolytic activity, the virus can be useful in human cancer therapy. The example of SVA shows that the risk of emerging infectious diseases in swine populations is high and that emerging diseases of swine have significant potential impact on the productivity and economics of the pork industry. The SVA infection is currently limited to the United States, Canada, Brazil, China and Thailand. However, descriptions of the SVA infection in Asia suggest that the virus is not restricted to a specific geographic region and may be distributed on a global scale in the future.
Sexual maturity of mares and prospects for shortening the intergenerational period in horses
Authors: MŁODAWSKA WIESŁAWA , TISCHNER MARIAN
Published: February 2019

The aim of the study is to present current knowledge on the mechanisms regulating puberty in mares and the possibility of shortening the intergenerational period in horses through modern animal reproduction biotechnology. The study discusses fetal sex recognition in horses by means of ultrasound, pre- and postnatal development of mare gonads, oogenesis and folliculogenesis, as well as the process of selection and elimination of oocytes. It also describes the role of gonadotropins, ovarian hormonal activity and morphological changes occurring during sexual maturation. It has been shown that about 37% of mares attain sexual maturity in the first year of life. It has also been documented that one-year and two-year-old fillies produce normal embryos that can be used for transplantation and give offspring. It has also been proved that embryos can be produced in vitro from oocytes of juvenile mares. There is hope that acquiring preantral follicles from the ovary and their in vitro culture until the oocyte reaches full maturity for fertilization will permit us to obtain embryos and offspring from mares, including those sexually immature. These methods, combined with in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer techniques, have already made it possible to obtain normal embryos and even live-born offspring in other mammals.
Content of toxic elements in tissues of hunted animals on the basis of research results of 2003–2017
Authors: RUDY MARIUSZ , ŻUREK JAGODA , STANISŁAWCZYK RENATA , GIL MARIAN , DUMA-KOCAN PAULINA
Published: February 2019

The aim of the study was to synthesize the latest literature data on the content of toxic elements in tissues of hunted animals and to determine whether there is a health risk associated with consumption of these products in the light of current legal regulations. The data show the increased mean lead contents in kidneys of wild boar (1.1900 mg/kg) and roe deer (0.9060 mg/kg) and in the muscle tissue of wild boar, roe deer and deer; the contents are even up to 0.1240 mg/kg, 0.1760 mg/kg and 0.2200 mg/kg, respectively. In addition, the increased mean cadmium content indicates the possibility of the deposition of this element in muscle tissue of wild boars (0.0519 mg/kg) and deer (0.1000 mg/kg), as well as in the liver of wild boars (5.5730 mg/kg) and roe deer (6.4350 mg/kg) and in kidneys of game species, sometimes far above the applicable maximum levels. The highest mean cadmium contents in kidneys of wild boar, roe deer and deer are 49.5000 mg/kg, 80.2600 mg/kg and 4.9740 mg/kg, respectively. The mean values of the amount of arsenic do not usually exceed the legally established maximum levels of this element. Only the borderline value of arsenic in muscle tissue of roe deer is slightly exceeded and amounts to 0.2700 mg/kg. There is the possibility of the accumulation of larger amounts of mercury mainly in kidneys of deer and roe deer. The highest mean content of this element of 0.1001 mg/kg is demonstrated in the kidneys of deer. The research on the content of toxic elements in meat of hunted animals indicates the need to regularly monitor the quality of the obtained raw material as well as to exclude selected tissues of wild animals from consumption.
Current situation and prospects for the horse meat market in Poland and the world
Authors: JASTRZĘBSKA EWA , DASZKIEWICZ TOMASZ , GÓRECKA-BRUZDA ALEKSANDRA , FELIŚ DINA
Published: February 2019

Humans have developed strong emotional connections with horses throughout the centuries, and horses continue to occupy a special place among other livestock animals. For this reason, horses are reared industrially for slaughter only in some countries. Horse meat is characterized by a high content of protein of high biological value and low levels of fat with a desirable fatty acid profile. Aged horse meat has a long shelf life, and it is an attractive food and raw material for further processing. The high demand for high quality raw horse meat creates new opportunities for breeders, and it could become an alternative or supplementary source of income for traditional livestock farms.
Basic chemical composition, colour and content of PAHs and nitrates in smoked pork products made from Puławska breed
Authors: SKAŁECKI PIOTR , BABICZ MAREK , DOMARADZKI PIOTR , LITWIŃCZUK ANNA , HAŁABIS MARCIN , RUDA BARTŁOMIEJ
Published: February 2019

The aim was to assess the quality and safety of traditional smoked meats produced from the meat of Puławska breed pigs. The research material consisted of two skeletal muscles, namely, semimembranosus and longissimus dorsi, taken from 10 carcasses of Puławska breed fatteners. Smoked meats were produced with a 3% addition of salt, spices and acid milk whey (2%). The products were assessed in terms of their basic chemical components (water, protein, fat and salt), colour parameters in the CIE L*a*b* colour space and the content of contaminants, i.e. PAHs [chrysen, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene] and residues of nitrates (III) and (IV). The muscle type had no significant effect on the chemical composition of the products, although a higher content of fat and a lower content of salt were found in loin (by 2.79 and 0.38 percentage points, respectively). Smoked meat from longissimus dorsi was significantly lighter in colour (L*; 60.85 vs. 69.28), whereas smoked meats from ham showed a significantly greater degree of redness (a*; 13.24 vs. 8.75). The degree of yellowness of both products was similar (b*; 8.56 vs. 8.85). The content of 4 PHAs and B(a)P in smoked meats from ham was below the permissible limits for traditional products, which are 30 μg/kg and 5 μg/kg, respectively. In the case of smoked meats from loin, the threshold value (30 μg/kg) for the total of 4 PHAs was exceeded in two products, which affected their relatively high average content in smoked meat from this muscle (48.28 μg/kg). Nitrates III and IV were present only in one smoked meat from ham at the levels of 12 ± 2.7 mg/kg (expressed as NaNO2) and 48 ± 11 mg/kg (expressed as NaNO3), respectively. For the other products (from both ham and loin), the results were below the detection limit (results not presented in the table). From the nutritional point of view, the chemical composition of these smoked meats was beneficial: the protein content was high, the fat content was optimal, the content of table salt did not exceed the permissible limit, and there were only trace quantities of nitrates III and V. As far as PHAs are concerned, some measures should be taken to reduce their level, especially in smoked meats from loin.
The relation between hepcidin levels and hematologic parameters in cattle with theileriosis
Authors: BASBUGAN YILDIRAY , YUKSEK NAZMI , KILINC OZLEM ORUNC
Published: February 2019

This study aimed to determine the relationship between hepcidine levels and some hematological and biochemical parameters after anemia in natural theileriosis cows. This research was conducted with a total of 25 cattle, including 10 healthy controls and 15 cattle with natural theileriosis. 1098 bp positivity was determined according to the PCR result. Leukocyte (WBC), erythrocyte (RBC), hematocrit (HCT) and hemoglobin (HGB) levels were decreased. However, red blood cell distribution width (RDW), Platelet (PLT) and hepcidin levels were increase determined in natural theileriosis cows according to the control group. In addition, a positive correlation was detected between hepsin and iron parameters although there is no statistical significance between them and a negative correlation was determined between hepcidine and HCT, HGB and RDW parameters. As a result, it was determined that erythrocyte parameters decrease and increase in iron parameters and heptidine levels in cattle with theileriosis. It can be concluded that the diagnostic importance.
Primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma in roe deer – a case report
Authors: BEDNARSKI MICHAŁ , WIMONĆ MARCJANNA , KOLENDA RAFAŁ , WLEKLIŃSKI EDMUND , KRÓL DAWID , HOUSZKA MAREK
Published: February 2019

Lung adenocarcinoma develops after the neoplastic transformation of pneumocytes or bronchial epithelium. It is chronic and slowly progressive in nature and the clinical signs are only seen in cases that have developed tumours of considerable size. There has been no report of lung adenocarcinoma in game animals. This case study reports a lung adenocarcinoma in a 4-year-old dead roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from the Forest District Piaski, Greater Poland Province of Poland. During necropsy, a large mass measuring 15 × 20 cm was found in the caudal lobe of the right lung. The tumour was of grey or pinkish-grey colour, solid texture and had a clear delineation between the affected and non-affected areas. In the remaining lobes, numerous small nodules of 2-20 mm in diameter with a similar structure were found. A great deal of mucoid and mucopurulent fluid throughout the bronchial tree was observed. The thoracic lymph nodes were found enlarged. The histological analysis identified the large mass found as bronchoalveolar papillary lung adenocarcinoma. The PCR for JSRV was performed and the result was negative. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the lung adenocarcinoma in a roe deer.
Influence of cold and frozen storage on the chemical content, hydration properties and texture parameters of horse meat
Authors: STANISŁAWCZYK RENATA , RUDY MARIUSZ , GIL MARIAN , DUMA-KOCAN PAULINA
Published: February 2019

The aim of the study was to analyse the influence of cold and frozen storage on the chemical content, hydration properties and texture parameters of horse meat. The material were samples of the longest dorsal muscle (m. longissimus dorsi) obtained from thirty six horse half-carcasses from individual farmers in south-eastern Poland. The horses were about 10-years-old and weighed 500-560 kg before slaughter. One set of samples was subjected to laboratory analyses 24 hours after slaughter. The remaining two sets were subjected to the process of air flow freezing. After freezing, the samples of horse meat were stored for 1 and 3 month periods at a temperature of –22°C. The influence of cold and frozen storage on the content of primary chemical composition was not statistically significant in the analysed raw material. Freezing and frozen storage of horse meat contributed significantly to an increase in acidity, darkening of colour and deterioration in hydration properties of the analysed raw material. The study showed a significant decrease in the values of texture parameters of horse meat (chewiness, resilience, hardness and springiness) which was stored in frozen conditions in comparison with the raw material stored in cold conditions.
Occurrence of peste des petits ruminants and its increasing threat to Europe
Authors: NIEDBALSKI WIESŁAW
Published: February 2019

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious disease of small ruminants that leads to high morbidity and mortality, and thereby results in devastating economic consequences to the livestock industry. It is caused by the PPR virus (PPRV), which belongs to the genus Morbilivirus in the family Paramyxoviridae. PPR was first recorded in early 1942 in Ivory Coast, West Africa. In the following years, the disease extended its distribution to other parts of the world and now circulates throughout Northern, Eastern and West Africa, as well as Asia – in particular, China, Central Asia, Eurasia, the Indian subcontinent and the Middle East. The molecular epidemiology of PPRV, based on the sequence comparison of a small region of either the N or the F gene, has revealed the existence of four distinct lineages (I-IV) of the virus. Until June 2018, PPR had never been detected in Europe, with the exception of the European part of Turkish Thrace. However, on 24th June 2018 the Bulgarian authorities reported cases of PPR in sheep in the village of Voden, Bolyarovo municipality of Yambol region, on the border with the Thrace region of Turkey. It was the first occurrence of PPR in Bulgaria and in the European Union (EU). The source of PPR infection in Bulgaria is not clear, it could have been the illegal movement of animals, contaminated materials or humans, e.g. refuges. Due to the increased risk of introduction of PPR from North Africa and Turkey to neighbouring regions, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has recently published a report assessing the risk of PPR spreading in Europe. According to a scientific opinion by the EFSA, the spread of PPRV in the territory of the UE could occur by the illegal transport of infected animals or infected animal products. In order to limit the spread and impact of PPR outbreaks in Europe, rapid detection, movement restriction, prompt culling of infected herds and disinfection measures should be introduced immediately. The control and eventual eradication of PPR is now one of the top priorities for the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). In 2015, the international community agreed on a global strategy for PPR eradication, setting 2030 as a target date for elimination of the disease.
Effects of Carvacrol on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bulk tank milk
Authors: KEYVAN ERHAN , TUTUN HIDAYET
Published: February 2019

The occurrence of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is an important causative agent of mastitis in cattle and of foodborne diseases. It is a worldwide concern, making it essential to develop alternative treatments to fight against the bacteria. Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the ability of carvacrol to inhibit the growth of S. aureus isolated from bulk tank milk in Turkey’s Burdur Province. All strains (n = 31) were used to investigate the antimicrobial activity of carvacrol, including the methicillin-resistant S. aureus and strains from the American Type Culture Collection and England’s National Collection of Type Cultures. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined via a microdilution method, and the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles via a disk diffusion method. Antibiotic resistance was detected in 20 strains (64.5%). Multidrug resistance was observed in 8 strains (25.8%). Carvacrol exhibited strong antimicrobial activity, with MIC value at 0.058-0.234 mg/ml, in the microdilution method. Inhibition zones of carvacrol were in the range of 19 to 45 mm. The results of this study emphasize the promising role of carvacrol among new antibacterial agents that can combat S. aureus strains.
Recent progress in vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease
Authors: NIEDBALSKI WIESŁAW , FITZNER ANDRZEJ , BULENGER KRZYSZTOF
Published: February 2019

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is the most highly contagious disease affecting livestock resulting in a significant adverse economic impact worldwide. Disease outbreaks in previously FMD-free countries are initially controlled by the culling of infected and in-contact animals, restriction of susceptible animal movement, and vaccination with an inactivated whole-virus antigen preparation. With increasing trade, commerce globalization, and people migration, it is likely that more inter-pool viral exchanges and spillovers will occur posing a greater threat to both, endemic and non-endemic regions, mostly due to the limited antigenic coverage of current vaccines. Currently available inactivated FMD vaccines have a number of disadvantages, including incomplete inactivation of the virus, they require multiple vaccination to maintain good levels of immunity and periodic inclusion of new viral strains into the vaccine formulation to cover new FMDV subtypes against which existing vaccines no longer protect and lack differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA). The essential aim of DIVA strategy is realization of the so-called “vaccinate-to-live” policy, which is based on the principles that vaccinated animals exposed to FMDV will not transmit the virus. To address the shortcomings of inactivated vaccines, many efforts are currently devoted to developing novel FMD vaccines, including attenuated and marker inactivated vaccines, recombinant protein vaccines, synthetic peptide vaccines and empty capsid vaccines. Novel vaccine platforms offer promising alternatives for effective FMD control. It is likely that in the near future, multiple FMD vaccine approaches will compete for diverse markets, providing fit-for purpose solutions to evolving challenges in preventing and controlling FMD worldwide.
Evaluation of the outcomes of right paralumbar fossa colostomy for type II colonic atresia in calves: a report of 24 cases
Authors: EROL MUHARREM , EROL HANIFI , ALTAN SEMIH , YAVRU NURI
Published: February 2019

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of right fossa paralumbar colostomy on the survival rate of calves with atresia coli maintained under Anatolian farming conditions. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by clinical findings, pain and contrast radiographic examination. In clinical and indirect radiographic examination, rectum and descending colon were seen as more constricted than usual. In surgery, the abdominal cavity was opened through a vertical incision from the right paralumbar fossa. The blind end of the ascending colon was fixed to the abdominal wall in order to create a stoma. The postoperative course of the calves was obtained from the owners of the calves during a period of four months. It was learned that only one calf survived and the others died because of diarrhea within the four month period. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that although right fossa paralumbar colostomy was successfully performed for type-II atresia coli, severe functional impairment and fluid imbalance due to the loss of an important fluid resorption resulted in the death of most calves that were kept under Anatolian farming conditions.
Physicochemical properties and indices of shelf life stability of dry aged beef with acid whey
Authors: FLOREK MARIUSZ , DOMARADZKI PIOTR , ŻÓŁKIEWSKI PAWEŁ , RUDA BARTŁOMIEJ , LITWIŃCZUK ZYGMUNT , KĘDZIERSKA-MATYSEK MONIKA
Published: February 2019

The aim of the study was to compare the physicochemical properties and indices of shelf life stability of dry aged beef with wet aged beef under vacuum. The research material included two skeletal muscles (LL, m. longissimus lumborum, and ST, m. semitendinosus) taken from half carcasses of 8 head (3 bulls and 5 steers) of Whiteback cattle. The following parameters were measured: pH and oxidation-reduction potential (pH-metr Elmetron CP-401, ERH-12-6 i ERPt-13), water activity (HygroLab C1, Rotronic), and colour (according to CIE L*a*b* by Konica-Minolta 600d spectrophotometer). Reference methods were used to determine the content of moisture (PN-ISO 1442:2000), total protein (PN-A-04018:1975/Az3:2002, N × 6.25), and ash (PN-ISO 936:2000). The concentration of K, Na, Mg, Zn and Fe was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry using a Varian AA240FS spectrometer. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using STATISTICA 13 (Dell Inc.). The influence of the ageing type on the physicochemical properties and shelf life indices within muscles was verified by one-way ANOVA. A higher content of total protein and minerals, as well as lower hydration of muscle proteins were stated in dry aged beef. In turn, vacuum packaging had a stabilising effect for the colour of fresh meat (a lower value of ΔE), maintained the initial lightness (L*) and significantly increased chromatic saturation (a higher value of a* and b* coordinates). Application of acid whey (together with sea salt) positively influenced shelf life stability of dry aged beef, due to acidity increasing and lowering of moisture content and water activity. The obtained results indicate that beef from Whiteback cattle can be successfully used both for the production of wet aged beef under vacuum and for manufacturing dry aged raw beef. Each direction of use will be decided by the current market demand and consumer preferences. The present results support the need to continue research in this topic taking into account both other native cattle breeds and alternative methods of packaging.
Degree of deformity and certain hormone, vitamin and trace element levels in the serum of calves with congenital flexural deformity
Authors: GENÇCELEP MUSA , KARASU ABDULLAH , KAYIKCI CANER
Published: February 2019

The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between certain hormone, vitamin and trace element levels and congenital defects in calves with congenital flexural deformity. The study included 15 calves (study group) which were clinically and radiologically diagnosed with congenital flexural deformity and 15 clinically healthy calves (control group). After obtaining the anamnesis of the calves, general physical, clinical and radiological examinations of the extremities were conducted. The calves were diagnosed with congenital flexural deformity when they partially attained or did not attain normal extension angles during passive joint flexion movements. The congenital flexural deformity in the extremity was categorized based on the cranial angle of the carpal and ankle joints, measured with a radiogram, and the posture of the extremity. Blood samples were obtained from all calves for biochemical analysis and blood serum was extracted. Serum retinol (vitamin A), alpha tocopherol (vitamin E), cholecalciferol (vitamin D), certain trace elements (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, iron, zinc and manganese), T3 and T4 levels were measured. It was determined that the serum zinc levels of the calves with flexural deformity were lower, magnesium, calcium, vitamin E, free T3 and T4 levels were higher in comparison to the healthy calves in the control group. There was no difference between the other vitamin (D, E) and mineral levels. In conclusion, instead of subjective evaluation, objective evaluation criteria were presented in the grading of the deformity. It was also thought that it would be useful to consider objective evaluation in determining treatment options. It was thought that the addition of zinc to animal feeds during pregnancy in farms that the cases are common, can reduce these deformities.
Superovulation in cattle – searching for the optimal dose, alternative routes of administration and a simplified FSH application program
Authors: KULUS JAKUB , WIECZORKIEWICZ MARIA , KULUS MAGDALENA , JAŚKOWSKI JĘDRZEJ M.
Published: February 2019

The aim of this article is to set out certain possibilities related to the simplification of the superovulation protocols (SOV) in cattle. The traditional protocols, which have been in use for decades, include as standard several injections of FSH preparations. Due to the widespread increase in the importance of the animals’ welfare, alternative options for its administration are now being sought. Appropriate selection of gonadotropin as well as the dose and ratio of hormones makes it possible to limit undesirable effects such as prolonged ovarian stimulation. Adjuvants such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, hyaluronic acid or aluminium hydroxide enable the extension of the absorption time of FSH preparations, thus reducing the amount of FSH injections. A single deposition of hormones dissolved in aqueous solutions is possible when it is administered via alternative routes, such as subcutaneous or epidural. Reduction of the amount of FSH injections may directly translate into a decrease of the stress level in animals treated by the SOV protocols and also to the improvement of the efficiency of embryo production. A significant risk factor remains the high variability of superovulation. Its effectiveness depends on a number of generally well known individual and environmental factors that should also be considered when joining SOV.
Long Term Compliance for MS Patients in Treatment with Disease Modifying Drugs (DMDs)
Authors: Gitto Lara
Published: February 2019

Background:

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common causes of neurological disability in young and middle-aged adults. Patients with MS face many challenges, both physical and emotional, and see an overall reduction in their autonomy.
There is no definitive treatment for MS, though Disease Modifying Drugs (DMDs) have proved effective in reducing the frequency and severity of relapses. Unfortunately, long-term adherence to these therapies is a significant challenge due to practical difficulties as well as a general distrust towards the drugs
.

Objective:

This study follows an original research carried out in 2008. In the first study, patients answered questions on their clinical history and expressed their judgment on the pharmacological treatment, their perceived effectiveness and factors that may undermine compliance. They have been recalled after two years to verify if the reported symptoms have changed and to assess how their knowledge of the disease and “acceptance” of the treatment have been modified.

Methods:

In spite of the relatively high number of patients participating in the first study (141 patients followed at a single neurological centre), only 16 patients have completed the questionnaire for the long-term survey. A detailed descriptive analysis has been carried out, as well as a pairwise correlation analysis.

Results and Conclusions:

The interviews carried out gave an insight into how patients’ behavior may have changed over time. Compliance rate is different in newly-diagnosed patients and long-term patients; the latter are more likely to be compliant, given their personal experience with the disease. Communications with neurologists and health personnel should aim at forming therapeutic alliances with patients and detecting their preferences for a qualitatively adequate assistance throughout their illness.
Bilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis
Authors: HEGDE Shruthi , KAMATH Jasmine Shanti , AJİLA Vidya , BABU Subhas G
Published: February 2019

Ankylosis is the
fusion of joint surfaces by bone or fibrous tissue. Temporomandibular joint
(TMJ) ankylosis may cause difficulty in chewing, speech, oral hygiene
maintenance, and esthetic disfigurement. 
This condition can be unilateral or bilateral, complete or incomplete.
TMJ ankylosis may occur due to various factors, such as trauma, local and
systemic inflammatory conditions, neoplasms, and TMJ infection. Trauma due
to forceps delivery causing bilateral TMJ ankylosis is rare. We report a case
with difficulty in mouth opening, eating, speech, oral hygiene maintenance,
facial disfigurement as a result of bilateral TMJ ankylosis caused due to
trauma by forceps delivery.  This report
implores upon preventing such disabling complications due to forceps delivery.

 

Ankiloz, kemik ya
da fibröz doku ile eklem yüzünün füzyonudur. Temporomandibular eklem (TME)
ankilozu, çiğneme, konuşma, oral hijyen sağlanması ve estetik açıdan şekil bozukluğuna
neden olabilir. Bu durum, tek taraflı(unilateral) ya da iki taraflı
(bilateral) , tam ya da tam olmayan biçimde olabilir. TME ankilozu, travma,
local ya da sistemik enflamatuar durumlar, kanserler ve TME enjeksiyonları gibi
birçok nedenden oluşabilir. Biz, forceps uygulaması sonucu iki taraflı
(bilateral) TME ankilozunun neden olduğu ağzını açma, yemek yeme, konuşma, oral
hijyen sağlama güçlüğü ve fasiyal şekil bozukluğu olan olguyu sunuyoruz. Bu
sunum, forcepsle doğum uygulaması sırasında buna benzer komplikasyonları
önlemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Violent Transnational Social Movements and their Impact on Contemporary Social Conflict
Authors: Kelshall Candyce
Published: February 2019

This paper takes the perspective that violent transnational social movements (VTSMs) have profoundly impacted contemporary conflict scenarios. Social movements, underpinned by ideology, create partisan, transnational echo chambers, and communities, which are in the process of ‘changing the weather’ in contemporary social interactions. Transnational advocacy networks work in tandem to ‘create the message’ and perpetuate narratives. Where extremist dialogue crosses over into violence, we argue that a new form of conflict emerges. Such conflict does not have the preservation of the state as a territorially important factor or reference point, but rather, the preservation and promotion of a cultural identity. Where ‘other’ identities also co-exist, as in multicultural societies, these extremist views, and the crossover to violence from extremist rhetoric, arguably create a new type of warfare which we label fifth generation.
Canada and the Five Eyes Partnership
Authors: Fyffe Greg
Published: February 2019

In examining the Five Eyes Intelligence Partnership, there are two important issues for students. First, what does it do, and what are its advantages for Canada and the Western alliance. Second, is the partnership in danger.
A turbine energy storage utilization evaluate method in thermal power unit
Authors: CUI Qingru , ZHENG Yanqiu , WANG Yaohan , ZENG Deliang
Published: February 2019

In China, the improvement of thermal power unit's operational flexibility is an important way to solve the clean energy absorption problem. The comprehensive utilization of steam turbine energy storage is an effective way to improve the load regulation performance of thermal power unit. A turbine energy storage utilization comprehensive evaluate method is presented. In the method the unit performance influence and equipment safety influence of energy storage are normalizes as a single object optimization problem. The comprehensive index calculation result is used in online optimization of storage power utilizing range limiting. Test result shows that the comprehensive index calculation method can help restrain the negative influence of turbine energy storage utilization on equipment operation safety, thereby improves availability of the energy storage system and improves the operating flexibility of thermal power unit.
Comparison of Solvers Performance for Load Flow Analysis
Authors: Suresh Vishnu Sidaarth
Published: February 2019

Load flow studies are carried out in order to find a steady state solution of a power system network. It is done to continuously monitor the system and decide upon future expansion of the system. The parameters of the system monitored are voltage magnitude, voltage angle, active and reactive power. This paper presents techniques used in order to obtain such parameters for a standard IEEE – 30 bus and IEEE-57 bus network and makes a comparison into the differences with regard to computational time and effectiveness of each solver
Molecular docking of fisetin as a multi-target drug in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Malathi Rajendran , Prashanthi K , Karthikeyan J.
Published: February 2019

Fisetin is found in various fruits and vegetables. It is reported to have neurotropic, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic and also other health benefits. Fisetin has been proved to have neuroprotective effect against Parkinson’s disease (PD).  Elucidation of the molecular interaction of fisetin with various anti-parkinsonian drug targets leads to better understanding mode of action of the drug. The present study is aimed to study the molecular interaction of fisetin with molecular targets having potential role in PD. The molecular properties and drug likeness model score were first analysed for flavonoid fisetin, which was found to be 0.76. The structures of the molecular drug targets, such as MAO A (2BXR), MAO B (2BYB), COMT (2AVD) and tyrosine hydroxylase (2XSN), was extracted from RCSB-Protein Data Bank. Molecular docking was performed using AUTO DOCK-4.2. The docking scores were evaluated by analyzing the minimum binding energy for the first five runs for all the target proteins. The minimum binding energy for MAO A (2BXR), MAO B (2BYB), COMT (2AVD), tyrosine hydroxylase (2XSN) were -10.22 kcal/mol, -9.68 kcal/mol, -7.45 kcal/mol and -6.67 kcal/mol respectively. Out of the 4 potential PD drug targets, MAO A and MAO, genes responsible for oxidative deamination of dopamine, are predicted to have the least minimum binding energy and best interaction with fisetin.

Keywords: Fisetin, docking, multidrug targets, autodock, MAO A, MAO B, COMT, Tyrosine hydroxylase
Application of Nanoparticles for Brain and Lung Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Chen Xialin
Published: February 2019

Nanotechnology is and will be the future of several fields and medicine is one of them. The use of nanoparticles in the treatment of psychotic and cancer problems is analyzed in this report. Psychotic treatment has been effective due to specific nanoparticles like haloperidol and RISP, and these combinations are linked with other nanoparticles to treat other diseases. Nanoparticles have extended applications with a high degree of effectiveness to treat cancer cells due to the quick delivery, and targeted process and the same is detailed in the review sheet. Oligonucleotides combined with nanoparticles have greater efficiencies.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, drug targeting, cancer treatment
Mechanical and technological support the efficiency of arid farming
Authors: Ivanov O. A. , Utenkov G. L. , Ivanova T. E.
Published: February 2019

The priority direction of agricultural production in the arid zone of the south of Central Siberia is animal husbandry, which predetermines the need for intensive development of feed production and, in particular, the production of rough and succulent forage. One of the most important factors of the stabilized and guaranteed crop production is irrigated land cultivation.

Research purposeTo prove the efficiency of machine technology of surface irrigation in the arid conditions of the south of Central Siberia.

Materials and methodsThe authors have determined technical parameters of the main elements of the temporary irrigation network (non-inclined hollow and a water-retaining roller) during the formation of surface irrigation areas by the results of time-length observations made in accordance with the requirements of the testing station. The technological process of forming irrigated plots with specified technical parameters was carried out according to the operational and technological evaluation of the machine technology testing. The evaluation was carried out using a computer-based portable information-measuring system IP238MR to determine the traction indicators of the machine, carried out by the STO AIST 1.3-2007.

Results and discussionThe authors have proposed a technology of surface irrigation over wide long strips with level furrows, recommended for irrigation of grain, forage crops, natural hay making areas and pastures. A set of technical means has been developed for the construction and operation of surface irrigation systems in wide long lanes with level furrows. The tools can be coupled with an МТZ tractor of 1.4 tons. Comprehensive use of machines in the construction and operation of irrigation systems for surface irrigation as compared with existing machines in land reclamation construction allows to improve the quality of work and labor productivity by 3-5 times. Surface irrigation technology and a set of machines have passed state tests at the Siberian State Zonal Machine Testing Station and are recommended to be included in the basic agricultural technology.

ConclusionsIt has been found that the integrated use of new machines L-1.5, V-3.0 and VP-4.0 in the construction and operation of irrigation systems allows reducing the operating costs and construction time of irrigated plots by 1.8 times, increase the yield of green mass of oats by 17.2 percent while reducing the cost of cultivation by 10.1 percent. Grain production can be increased by 1.9 times.
A educação proibida. A narrativa que destrói o passado da escola para construir um “paradigma educacional inovador”
Authors: Braghini Katya Zuquim
Published: February 2019

Trata-se de resenha crítica ao filme "A educação proibida", filme documentário dirigido por German Doin e Verónica Guzzo e com Produção da Asociación Civil Redes de Pares/ Reevo. O filme apresenta, paralelamente, duas narrativas que se intercalam. A primeira apresenta uma situação de confronto entre alunos e a educação por eles recebida em uma escola fictícia; outra, que conta com a análise documental de professores com temáticas educacionais inovadoras em diversos países. O interesse do documentário é fomentar a discussão da qualidade de ensino a partir da alteração de paradigmas educacionais. O filme apresenta uma proposição sobre o que deve ser considerado como boa escola na contemporaneidade e, para tanto, condena uma escola dita “tradicional”, construída como um mito na história da educação, esta que, pela inconsistência da análise apresentada, é o ponto fraco do documentário. Educação Proibida é um filme que tem boas intenções levando em conta à questão pedagógica, mas engana o seu público ao construir uma narrativa que condena totalmente o passado da escola.
O cinema de resistência surrealista de Jan Švankmajer: Um estudo de caso em Jabberwocky
Authors: Leão Carolina Morgado , Linardi Ana Beatriz de Araujo
Published: February 2019

A obra de Jan Švankmajer é de grande representatividade para o movimento surrealista na Tchecoslováquia. Sua parceria com o compositor Zdeněk Liška foi fundamental para a composição e expressividade almejada para suas animações stop-motion. Será discutido primeiramente de forma separada, o compêndio de símbolos utilizados para a elaboração da animação. Posteriormente, analisaremos a obra composta em 1971 - Žvahlav aneb šatičky slaměného Huberta (Jabberwocky) para compreendermos quais elementos são utilizados na imagem animada e som que resultam em uma animação de grande representatividade para o surrealismo.
Cinema e Educação: territorialidades, narrativas e hibridizações
Authors: Pinto Tatiane Mendes
Published: February 2019

O presente trabalho se destina a pensar a experiência sensível com o cinema em sua capacidade de ocupar e ressignificar espaços e na educação como processo de estruturação ética de uma formação social. O corpus envolve o cinema em hospitais e praças como ação política e tem a intenção de refletir sobre a realidade e transformar em alguma medida os lugares do cotidiano. Apostando na diversidade de participantes, na transitoriedade do espaço onde ocorrem as atividades e na perspectiva das experiências fílmicas como lugares de convergências e hibridizações, a ideia é compreender em que medida a ocupação do espaço contribui para a criação de sociabilidades e ressignificações. Sugere-se que tal experiência é passível de propor territorialidades e narrativas. Com base em um enfoque multimetodológico, serão utilizadas as perspectivas da revisão bibliográfica, com foco nos pressupostos teóricos de Andrea França (2006) sobre os territórios sensíveis criados pelo cinema e da cartografia em Jesus Martin-Barbero (2009) e Virgínia Kastrup (2009).
A tela mínima: Super 8 como suporte de pintura
Authors: Quaresma Christiane
Published: February 2019

O super 8 nacional é marcado por uma multiplicidade de experiências. O projeto de pesquisa cujo resultado se apresenta aqui, mantém seu foco sobre as animações superoitistas que foram pintadas ou riscadas diretamente sobre a película de super 8 no Brasil das décadas de 1970 e 1980. Tal especificidade processual, fazendo convergir os meios da pintura e do dispositivo cinematográfico, é conhecida como “animação direta” ou “cameraless”, pela exclusão da câmera do processo e representação realizada diretamente sobre a película.
De Le Cid a El Cid: A atualização histórica das representações da Idade Média na Literatura e na Indústria Cultural.
Authors: Rebello de Mendonça Carlos Eduardo
Published: February 2019

Este trabalho faz parte de um esforço no sentido de trabalhar a questão da representação cinematográfica do político e dos temas fundamentais da Teoria Política, através da análise do filme histórico. Utiliza-se o exemplo da fortuna literária e cinematográfica da narrativa semi-histórica do herói medieval ibérico El Cid para tentar mostrar a lógica por trás da passagem do fato histórico à literatura e, mais especialmente, do Canon literário à representação audiovisual, com ênfase nas transformações que esta passagem de um meio a outro implica em termos do conteúdo e sentido da narrativa.
Novos modos de ver o cinema: um encontro com Laura Mulvey
Authors: De boer Raphael albuquerque , Gatti José
Published: February 2019

O objeto desta entrevista é mostrar a  visão de Laura Mulvey acerca das inovações tecnológicas que o cinema, com ênfase na narrativa, vem sofrendo desde a publicação, em 1975, de “Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema”, chegando a um de seus últimos trabalhos, o livro Death 24x a Second: Stillness and the Moving Image (2005). Em meio à celebração dos 40 anos da publicacão daquele artigo, nesta entrevista, além de discutir seus trabalhos teóricos, também é traçada uma linha do tempo que inclui um de seus filmes mais comentados, Riddles of the Sphinx (1977) até seu último trabalho, codirigido com Mark Lewis, 23rd August 2008.
A exibição de filmes na Índia entre os anos 1920 e 1940
Authors: Teles da Silva Emília
Published: February 2019

O artigo aborda as salas de cinema na Índia em dois momentos: os anos 1920 e os anos 1940, tendo como foco a experiência dos espectadores nestes espaços, e usando como fonte entrevistas e cartas de leitores daquela época, retiradas da revista de cinema indiana Filmindia e do relatório governamental de 1928. O artigo mostra os desconfortos dos espectadores, os problemas enfrentados pelos exibidores, as diferenças entre salas de cinema para filmes nacionais e internacionais e a tentativa de segregar os espaços e adequá-los às normas sociais. Descreve-se brevemente a arquitetura das salas de cinema.
Burkinabè Rising: resistência, arte e política em Burkina Faso/África
Authors: Gasparetto Vera Fátima
Published: February 2019

Filme: Burkinabè Rising: the art of resistance in Burkina Faso, 2016. Resumo: Este trabalho faz uma análise do documentário Burkinabè Rising: the art of resistance in Burkina Faso (2016), dirigido pela brasileira Iara Lee. O filme trata de questões contemporâneas da África, olhando para Burkina Fasso pela porta da arte, construindo uma narrativa focada no potencial artístico e educativo e sua capacidade de questionamento, coesão social e produção de resistência a partir de diferentes expressões. A construção fílmica é permeada de fatos políticos, históricos e contemporâneos, alinhavados por manifestações artísticas de diferentes matizes. Mostra também os contrastes das paisagens belíssima do país (entre a aridez e a exuberante vegetação) e do colorido e alegria, das lutas e batalhas protagonizadas no cotidiano por mulheres e homens de todas as idades.
Didática em Cinema de Animação - como pensar um currículo
Authors: Marques Maria Luiza Dias de Almeida
Published: February 2019

Este artigo constitui uma reflexão e uma proposta para a prática no ensino do curso de animação. Organiza-se a partir de questões que se apresentam ao longo dos anos, através das turmas e das possibilidades que se ganha com novas tecnologias. Inicialmente, comento como o conteúdo pode convocar a expressão do aluno e oferecer-lhe ferramentas de criação, ao mesmo tempo que o capacite a planejar, trabalhar em equipe e manusear corretamente materiais e equipamentos. Em seguida, apresento uma sequência de exercícios para iniciantes.
Frente a frente com os irmãos Lumière, Griffith e Godard – A pedagogia que relaciona técnica e arte na edição e montagem audiovisual em sala de aula.
Authors: Carvalho Vinicius Augusto , Amaral Marcela
Published: February 2019

Este artigo compartilha a aplicação de duas didáticas de ensino realizadas na disciplina de “Edição e Montagem”, com alunos de graduação do curso de Cinema e Audiovisual. A pedagogia utilizada nas atividades visa a estimular uma convergência entre o criar e o fazer associados aos produtos imagético-sonoros e suscitar discussões acerca das vertentes tecnológicas e artísticas adotadas na realização das atividades. O resultado dos exercícios foi relevante em diversos aspectos, dos quais destacaram-se o engajamento dos estudantes e as experimentações colocadas em prática.