bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Online Web-Based Learning and Assessment Tool in Vocational High School for Physics
Authors: Permatasari Gita Ayu , Ellianawati Ellianawati , Hardyanto Wahyu
Published: July 2019

ICT has transformed the conventional learning system into a modern learning system, demanding innovation in the delivery of learning. So that this study has the aim of developing, knowing the feasibility of online web-based learning and assessment tool in physics, as well as knowing students' learning results in the ICT media. This study research & development (R&D) method using Borg & Gall model. Which refers to the potential problem through data collection, product design, design validation, revision of product design, product testing, revision of usage. The feasibility testing of media and material was carried out by two material expert validators and two media expert validators with a small group trial conducted on students consisting of 13 respondents and large group trial conducted on students consisting of 40 respondents. We use online media for web-based learning and assessment tool in vocational high school for Physics subject, and the results of the study show that this application generates individual assignments, marks student responses, supplies students with the rapid feedback, and records student activities. The student activity log provides insight into student learning habits. Its a reference for assessment. This application meets the requirements as a learning media. The results of the validation by an expert material on online web-based learning and assessment tool gets a percentage of an average score of 82%, and the material gets a percentage of 81.33% criteria very feasible.
PROFIL KOMPETENSI SOSIAL GURU-GURU DI LINGKUNGAN YAYASAN TAMAN PENDIDIKAN DAN SOSIAL NAHDLATUL ULAMA KHADIJAH DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KEPEKAAN SOSIAL SD KHADIJAH SURABAYA
Authors: Shofiyah Mufidatus Shofiyah
Published: July 2019

Guru sebagai pendidik mempunyai fungsi untuk membantu siswa berkembang sebagai manusia yang lebih utuh dan penuh. Guru bukan hanya membantu mengembangkan pikiran atau intelektualitas siswa, tetapi juga perkembangan emosi dan kepekaan sosial siswa. Dengan demikian, pendidikan menjadi lebih holistik, lebih menyeluruh, menyangkut seluruh unsur dan nilai kemanusiaan. Fenomena yang sering terjadi saat ini banyak terjadi kekerasan antar siswa, kita saksikan di televisi anak-anak SD menjadi korban kekerasan sesama temannya, siswa tidak disiplin, bersikap tidak sopan terhadap teman, guru dan orang tua, berbicara kotor dengan teman dan tidak tekun dalam beribadah. Tawuran pelajar terjadi dimana-mana dan banyak sekali penyalahgunaan narkoba yang dilakukan oleh pelajar. Hal itu merupakan bukti ketidakberhasilan sekolah untuk membentuk siswa menjadi manusia pembelajar.

Tujuan penelitian ini antara lain; (1) untuk mendiskripsikan tentang profil kompetensi sosial guru-guru SD di lingkungan Yayasan Taman Pendidikan dan Sosial Nahdlatul Ulama (YTPS-NU) Khadijah Surabaya, (2) mendiskripsikan tentang kepekaan sosial siswa SD di lingkungan YTPS-NU Khadijah Surabaya dan (3) mendiskripsikan tentang pengaruh  kompetensi sosial guru-guru terhadap kepekaan sosial siswa SD di lingkungan Yayasan Khadijah.

Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, jenis penelitian ini adalah non-eksperimen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru dan siswa kelas III, IV dan V di tiga sekolah YTPS-NU Khadijah Surabaya yang mana jumlah populasi guru 69 dan populasi siswa 692. Jumlah sampel guru dalam penelitian ini 60, dan sampel siswa sejumlah 360 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan angket. Dikarenakan sampel dalam penelitian ini ada 3 sekolah, maka analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis inferensial, yang meliputi uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan analisis variance.
ANALISIS DETERMINAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM AKUNTANSI INSTANSI BERBASIS AKRUALDAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP EFEKTIFITAS KERJASATUAN KERJA KOMISI PEMILIHAN UMUM
Authors: Puturuhu Yessy  Puturuhu Iriene , - Hermanto - , Handajani Lilik
Published: July 2019

This research aims to examinethe influences of information quality, system quality, and service quality of
the user satisfaction of the Agency Accrual-Based Accounting Systems (SAIBA). In addition, it will also
examine the influence of user satisfaction toward the user effectiveness particularly at Election
Committee of West Nusa Tenggara Province (KPU NTB). This research uses purposive
samplingtechnique with a sample of 66 respondents. A path analysis model which has been conducted by
modifying DeLone and McLean model is used to test the hypothesis.
The results show that system quality and service quality have a positive influence on user satisfaction,
whereas information quality has no influence on user satisfaction. It is also found that user satisfaction
has a significant influence on effectiveness of the user.This research provides important implications for
a successful implementation of SAIBA which is influenced by user satisfaction of information system. The
system quality which is reliable, flexible, user-friendly, accessible, and secure plays an important rule in
improving user satisfaction. Moreover, the service that provided by KPPNsuch as willingness to help,
understanding, and respondsiveness to the needs of user has an impact on increasing user satisfaction.
Sisi Lain Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa dalam Sebuah Studi Dramaturgi
Authors: Harziani Putri , Sudarma Made , Mulawarman Aji Dedi
Published: July 2019

This study aims to explore the role of the actors involved in the procurement’s stage in Y’s Faculty of X’s University. The role of procurement personnel became main part of the show to see whether the procurement of goods and services in the Y’s Faculty that using direct procurement’s method have appropriate with the rules of Presidential Decree 70 of 2012. The Procurement’s stage is divided into the front stage and back stage that can not be separated in the show. Dramaturgy used as a method to analyze the role, coupled with using impression management’s analysis from John and Pittman Taxonomy. This research resulted in the conclusion that the procurement’s procedure has been carried out, although not fully follow the rules, because there are some procurement’s procedure were not met. Formal evidence is documented but not complete sequence and presented. Impression management techniques used by the actor to display the desired self-image, on time and under certain conditions.
Pengaruh Pemeriksaan dan Penagihan Pajak Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak dengan Informasi Tren Media sebagai Variabel Moderating (Studi Kasus KPP Pratama Jakarta Kebayoran Baru Tiga)
Authors: Palupi Devy Yekti , Herianti Eva
Published: July 2019

This research is motivated by the influence of the examination and collections of taxes on tax compliance are already widely carried out by the tax authorities in each LTO. This study aims to explain the extent to which the tax assessment and billing is done fiskus (KPP Pratama Jakarta Kebayoran Baru Tiga) affect taxpayer compliance and the extent to which information media trends contribute in terms of disseminating information on taxation to the taxpayer and to make trend this medium as a variable moderating. This research is quantitative and data collection techniques used were a questionnaire. The research result is said to be significant because a positive result> 0.50 were declared invalid, and therefore the study found that: 1) Tax assessment has positive and significant effect of the information media trends, 2) tax billing has positive and significant effect of the information media trends, 3) information media trends has positive and significant impacton tax compliance, 4) tax audit has positive effect and significant impact on tax payer compliance, and 5) tax collection has positive significant effect on the corporate tax payers
“Akuntansi Luar Kepala” dan “Sederhana” ala UMKM Batik Tanjung Bumi yang Sarat Nilai Religiusitas dan Kesalingpercayaan (Sebuah Studi Etnografis)
Authors: Arena Thera , Herawati Nurul Herawati , Setiawan Achdiar Redy
Published: July 2019

This study aims to determine the meaning of "accounting" version of UMKM Batik Tanjung Bumi. This research is part of the effort to photograph the practice of "accounting" which actually happened at Batik Tanjung Bumi UMKM by photographing the cultural side where the existence of UMKM. The main highlight is the culture of Tanjung Bumi people who have been embedded such as mindset (lifestyle), lifestyle, daily habits, and beliefs that are adopted. This research uses ethnographic method conducted in Tanjung Bumi Subdistrict Bangkalan Madura. The results show first, the accounting practices of entrepreneurs style of SMEs is "accounting outside the head." philosophy influenced by religious culture that "sustenance is not a mathematical thing to be reckoned with"; and accounting is interpreted in the form of "mutual trust". Second, the model of "accounting" ala UMKM Batik Tanjung Bumi is "simple accounting" which is interpreted by the reflection of entrepreneurship style of UMKM which is not the same as conventional principle. The results of this study contribute that in practice, has been born entrepreneurial accounting in Batik UMKM Tanjung Bumi. Accounting model that is formed and inseparable from local culture. 

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari pemaknaan “akuntansi” ala UMKM Batik Tanjung Bumi. Penelitian ini bagian dari upaya memotret praktik “akuntansi” yang senyatanya terjadi di UMKM Batik Tanjung Bumi dengan memotret sisi budaya tempat keberadaan UMKM tersebut. Sorot utamanya pada budaya intristik masyarakat Tanjung Bumi yang sudah tertanam seperti pola pikir (Mindset), gaya hidup, kebiasaan sehari-hari, dan kepercayaan yang dianut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode etnografi yang dilakukan di Kecamatan Tanjung Bumi Kabupaten Bangkalan Madura. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pertama, praktik akuntansi ala pengusaha UMKM adalah “akuntansi luar kepala.” Filosofinya sarat budaya religius  bahwa “rezeki bukanlah matematika yang harus diperhitungkan”; dan akuntansi dimaknai dalam bentuk  “saling percaya.” Kedua,  model “akuntansi” ala UMKM Batik Tanjung Bumi adalah “akuntansi sederhana” yang  dimaknai dengan bentuk pencatatan versi pengusaha UMKM  yang tidak sama dengan kaidah ilmu akuntansi konvensioanal. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan konstribusi bahwa pada praktiknya, telah lahir akuntansi ala pengusaha di UMKM Batik Tanjung Bumi. Sebuah model akuntansi yang terbentuk dan tidak dapat dipisahkan dengan budaya setempat.
PENGARUH SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERN, BUDAYA ORGANISASIONAL, DAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Satriawan Iwan , Rifa'i Ahmad , Yasin Muaidy
Published: July 2019

This study aims to examine the effect of the internal control system, organizational culture, and human resources to the quality of financial reporting. The research variables consist of independent variables, the internal control system (X1), organizational culture (X2), and human resources (X3), and the dependent variable is the quality of financial reporting. The study population were employees of financial operators on the Sumbawa Regency SKPD scope. Samples were taken using probability sampling technique, which is proportional stratifiet random sampling, which is composed of the Finance Administration, Head of Sub Division of Finance, and Treasurer Expenditure.
Distribution of the questionnaire were 63 copies, and all of them can be used and analyzed. Processing and analysis of data using multiple linear regression method. Partial assay results indicate that the system of internal control, and human resources have a significant effect on the quality of financial reporting. While the organizational culture not significant effect on the quality of financial reporting. Simultaneous test results show the system of internal control, organizational culture, and human resources have a significant effect on the quality of financial reporting. In the measurement of the independent variables the model goodness of internal control systems, organizational culture, and human resources can explain the dependent variable quality of financial reports by 46% and the balance of 54% is explained by other variables not included in the regression models were constructed.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI, GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN, SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI PEMERINTAH TERHADAP KINERJA ORGANISASI PADA PEMERINTAH DAERAH KABUPATEN SUMBAWA
Authors: Sadad - , Pituringsih Endar , Irwan M
Published: July 2019

This study was conducted to examine the influence of organizational culture , leadership style , accounting information systems and government accounting standards on organizational performance Sumbawa Regency government . Objects in this study are echelon II , III Echelon and Echelon IV. Respondents were asked to answer a list of questions in the questionnaire form
Distribution of the questionnaire as many as 90 copies to all agencies , but which can be analyzed only 84 questionnaires.Processing and analysis of data using multiple linear regression method with SPSS version 18.0.Results based on test data analysis showed that the variables t Cultural organizations and government accounting standards significant positive effect on the performance of local government organizations Sumbawa.While the leadership style variable and accounting information systems showed no effect on organizational performance at local government district, Sumbawa. Based on the value of the F test showed that the variables of organizational culture , leadership style , accounting information systems and accounting standards of government influence simultaneously on the performance of local government organizations Sumbawa.
POLA FRAUD PADA PENYELENGARAAN BIMBINGAN TEKNIS (BIMTEK) DI SEKTOR PEMERINTAHAN
Authors: Wahyuni Indah Sri , Tarjo -
Published: July 2019

This study is aims to determine patterns of fraud in the technical assistance implementation activities in the government sector that is in the local work unit in the district X. It’s descriptive qualitative study by interviewing several informants who where directly involved in the technical assistance.The aspects that will be analyzed include three phases: planning phases, implementation phases and reporting phase. The result of this study shows that the frauds in the  three phase of technical assistance implementation. There are mark up of the price and number of participants at the planning phase. In the implementation phase the fraud is within shortening timing and eventually there is technical assistance fictitious, and at the reporting phase found that the fraud pattern is a discrepancy between the letter of accountability with real cost.
MEMOTRET POLA FRAUD PADA RINCIAN OBJEK BELANJA YANG MENJADI TEMUAN BPK
Authors: Sholihah Siti , Alim M. Nizarul , Musyarofah Siti
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study to analyze the patterns of fraud on the 19 object details shopping becomes BPK in SKPD Mahkota. The reseach design is case study in SKPD Mahkota which SKPD with the biggest finding in Pemkab Singgasana. The informant is the financial manager at SKPD Mahkota. The results showed that fraud on the details of the object shopping becomes BPK in SKPD Mahkota occur starting from the planning stage, the stage of implementation and administration as well as the stage of reporting and accountability. Fraud in the third stage was conducted jointly by the planners, PPTK, treasurer and PPK.
Tax Aggressiveness Seen From Company Characteristics and Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Harjito Yunus , Sari Christin Novita , Yulianto -
Published: July 2019

This study aims to analyze the effect of company characteristics and Corporate Social Responsibility on tax aggressiveness. Dependent variable used in this research was tax aggressiveness as measured by effective tax rate. The independent variables in this study were company characteristics consisting firm size, leverage, and capital intensity. This study also used Corporate Social Responsibility as independent variable. The sample was 41 companies with the research period for 5 years (2011-2015) selected by using purposive sampling method. The data analysis in this study used multiple linear regression to obtain a comprehensive picture of the effect of corporate characteristics and Corporate Social Responsibility on Tax Aggressiveness using SPSS version 21 for Windows. The result shows that company size and capital intensity significantly affect the tax aggressiveness. However, two other variables (leverage and Corporate Social Responsibility) that allegedly affect tax aggressiveness are not proven to affect tax aggressiveness.
The Impact of Ethical Judgment, Locus of Control, and Organizational Commitments to Whistleblowing
Authors: Hanjani Andreani , Purwanto Agus , Kusumadewi RR Karlina Aprilia
Published: July 2019

This research aims at examining the influence of ethical judgment, locus of control and organizational commitment of auditor intention to whistleblowing. The population of this research was all internal auditors in Central Java Inspectorate, Semarang Regency and Semarang City. Data used in this research were primary data, which were obtained with questionnaire survey method. Analysis method used was multiple regression. The result of this research showed that ethical judgement, locus of control and organizational commitments have positive and significant influence to auditor intention in doing whistleblowing. Meanwhile, gender has no significant influence to whistleblowing. Besides, the age has significant impact toward negative to whistleblowing intensity.
Good Corporate Governance, Corporate Value, Tax Avoidance and Financial Performance
Authors: Risa Nurma
Published: July 2019

If a company applies GCG practices it will have an impact on the value of the company. But the implementation of GCG alone is actually not enough to increase the value of the company, there are other things, namely the practice of tax avoidance and financial performance. This study aims to prove that tax avoidance and financial performance practices are intermediary variables in the relationship of GCG to corporate value. The sample of this study is companies that take the IICG survey and have CGPI scores, and are listed on the stock exchange in the period of 2012-2015. Path analysis is used as a method of data analysis. The results of the study show that the GCG practices influence the value of the company indirectly, but through the practice of tax avoidance and financial performance as intermediaries.
THE DEVELOPING OF MODUL ON SCIENCE SCHOOL MATERIAL WITH PANCASILA CHARACTER
Authors: Fatkhurrohman Mukhammad Aji , Kusuma Wahyu Jati
Published: July 2019

The characteristics of the Pancasila values of the younger generation in the present era are depleting. This can be seen from the emergence of cases that occur now, from radical understanding to the Caliphate. The results of the Republic of Indonesia's National Police study stated that many students were involved in radical groups, generally science students. In this regard, efforts need to be made to improve the characteristics of Pancasila in science students. The purpose of this study is to develop, determine validity, and the level of readability of the School Science Material study module characterized by Pancasila. This research is a development research. The research subject was the science education student at Pancasakti University Tegal. The research steps include needs analysis, development stage, the process of making the School Science Material Study module characterized by Pancasila, validation by validator, evaluation, and refinement, product testing, final product module, School Science Material Study, characterized by validity and readability. Validation was done with an expert validator. Limited scale testing is used to test the level of readability. The results of the research in the form of the development of the School Science Material Study module characterized by Pancasila, the subject of Electricity and Magnetism, which has high validity and an easily understood level of readability.
Effect of Light Intensity to Chlorophyll and Anthocyanin Content in Mangosteen Leaf
Authors: Setiawan Eko
Published: July 2019

The objective of this study was to understand the light intensity conditions of mangosteen trees to various branch position in canopy. The experiment was conducted using mangosteen trees grown on commercial orchard in Bogor, Indonesia during August - October 2013. Mangosteen trees of three different ages, young (20 years), middle (35 years), and old ages (50 years), each of five trees, are selected for study. Canopy of each tree divided into 9 sectors. The highest light intensity in full sunlight conditions was found in sector 9 were 8.07; 7.53; and 7.74 μ mol M-2 s-1, in young, middle and old age, respectively, in contrast, the lowest light intensity in sector 1 were 0.53; 0.42; and 0.49 μ mol M-2 s-1, in young, middle and old age, respectively. Chlorophyll a/b ratio in mangosteen leaves increase gradually as an increase of age, each in young, middle, and old age were 2.20; 2.25; and 2.95, respectively. The highest chlorophyll index was in branch with fruit production, than decrease in dormancy condition, whereas the lowest chlorophyll index in new flush or vegetative condition.
Karakterisasi Faktor Sosial Ekonomi Berdasarkan Analisis Komponen Principal pada Pertanian Periurban Kota Surabaya
Authors: Iriyani Dwi , Nugrahani Pangesti
Published: July 2019

Pertanian di sekitar wilayah perkotaan ("periurban agriculture") mempunyai prospek ekonomis yang tinggi dan dapat dipacu menjadi tipe usahatani komersial. Usahatani yang demikian sangat cocok dikembangkan bagi masyarakat sekitar perkotaan yang pemilikan lahan umumnya sempit. Adanya pertanian di sekitar wilayah perkotaan, berarti akan mendekatkan produsen dengan konsumen, sehingga dapat mengurangi kerusakan produk dan biaya transportasi. Pengembangan pertanian periurban perlu dilengkapi dengan data sosial ekonomi usahatani dan karakteristik petani, dalam mengembangkan usahatani ke dalam bentuk agribisnis.    Produktivitas dan kualitas sumber daya manusia, dalam hal ini petani pada pertanian periurban, merupakan indikator dari komponen faktor sosial yang menjadi ciri karakter kawasan periurban. Sedangkan indikator komponen faktor ekonomi meliputi pertumbuhan ekonomi dan struktur ekonomi. Ada beberapa teknis analisis faktor, satu diantaranya adalah menggunakan metode analisis komponen utama (Principal Component Analysis).  Metode ini merupakan cara untuk mengekstraksi variabel asli, di mana terbentuknya faktor-faktor atau variabel laten baru adalah bersifat acak, yang selanjutnya dapat diinterpretasi sesuai dengan faktor atau komponen atau konstruk yang terbentuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakter petani dan faktor-faktor yang menjadi latar belakang (konteks sosial ekonomi) serta pertimbangan petani untuk menekuni dan mengembangkan pertanian periurban.
Konflik Gender di Pasar Tenaga Kerja Wanita Tani (Studi Fenomenologi Wanita Tani Dalam Membuat Keputusan Kerja)
Authors: Kristina Anita , Immamudin Immamudin
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to describe the gender conflict of women farmers in making work decisions. The qualitative approach to phenomenology as the analytical method used in this study. The analysis of this research focuses on women's employment theory and gender. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with female farmers and landowners as well as female family farmers. The results showed that there were gender conflicts when women farmers decided to work, choose jobs, determine the hours of work and determine wages. Gender conflicts occur due to religious values, norms, habits, and reasons that are still inherent and believed by landowners.
Functional analysis of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR in colored fiber formation of G. hirsutum L
Authors: Sun Yuqiang , Jianfang Gao , Li Shen , Jingli Yuan , Hongli Zheng , Quansheng Su , Weiguang Yang , Liqiang Zhang , Vitalis Nnaemeka Ekene , Sun Jie , Liping Ke
Published: July 2019

Background

The formation of natural colored fibers mainly results from the accumulation of different anthocyanidins and their derivatives in the fibers. Chalcone synthase (CHS) is the first committed enzyme of flavonoid biosynthesis, anthocyanidins are transported into fiber cell after biosynthesis mainly by Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) and Leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) to present diverse colors with distinct stability. The biochemical and molecular mechanism of pigment formation in natural colored cotton fiber is not clear.

Results

The three key genes of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR were predominantly expressed in the developing fibers of colored cotton. In the GhCHSi, GhANRi and GhLARi transgenic cottons, the expression levels of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR significantly decreased in the developing cotton fiber, negatively correlated with the content of anthocyanidins and the color depth of cotton fiber. In colored cotton Zongxu1 (ZX1) and the GhCHSi, GhANRi and GhLARi transgenic lines of ZX1, HZ and ZH, the anthocyanidin contents of the leaves, cotton kernels, the mixture of fiber and seed coat were all changed and positively correlated with the fiber color.

Conclusion

The three genes of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR were predominantly expressed early in developing colored cotton fibers and identified to be a key genes of cotton fiber color formation. The expression levels of the three genes affected the anthocyanin contents and fiber color depth. So the three genes played a crucial part in cotton fiber color formation and has important significant to improve natural colored cotton quality and create new colored cotton germplasm resources by genetic engineering.
A novel intragenic marker targeting the ectodomain of bacterial leaf blight resistance gene Xa21 in rice
Authors: Nanayakkara Dhanesha Lakmali , Edirisingha Iresha Kumari , Dissanayake Lakshika Nivanthi , Weerasinghe Deepika , Suriyagoda Lalith , Herath Venura , Perera Chandrika , Jayatilake Dimanthi Vihanga
Published: July 2019

Background

Among the diseases in rice (Oryza sativa L.), bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae results in devastating economic losses, both in terms of yield and quality. The Xa21 mapped to the rice chromosome 11, is known to convey resistance against BLB by its involvement in plant pathogen recognition and immunity responses. The closely-linked sequence-tagged site marker pTA248 is frequently used for marker-assisted selection (MAS) of Xa21. However, lower precision and linkage drag of linked-markers hinders the reliability and effectiveness in MAS compared to the use of flanking or intergenic markers.

Results

In the current study, a diagnostic intragenic marker was developed for MAS of Xa21 in rice. The new marker ABUOP0001 targets a 19-bp insertion/deletion (InDel) on the ectodomain of the Xa21, and amplifies a 200-bp amplicon from the rice line IRBB 62, which is known-to-carry the ‘resistance allele’, and a 181-bp amplicon from IRBB 7, which is known-to-carry the ‘susceptible allele’. The resistance allele was identified in ten IRBB lines, and five newly improved Sri Lankan rice accessions through ABUOP0001 marker assay. In a field study, 14 of these accessions conveyed highly resistant BLB disease responses, and one conveyed an intermediate response. While carrying the susceptible allele at Xa21, 30 accessions conveyed a resistance response to BLB, and it could be due to the contribution of other Xa resistance alleles in their genetic background. Further, the Xa21 resistance allele was identified in 1,675 rice accessions through an in silico analysis of genomic sequences available through the 3K Rice Genomes Project. The intragenic marker ABUOP0001 performs equally to that of the linked-marker pTA248 anchored 224 kbp upstream of Xa21, in detecting resistant and susceptible BLB phenotypes. The marker ABUOP0001 is compatible for high-throughput screening with high resolution melting (HRM) and can be multiplexed effectively with an intragenic marker of BLB resistance gene Xa4.

Conclusion

The marker ABUOP0001 is a diagnostic intragenic marker that can be recommended for MAS of Xa21 in rice. The marker can be assayed as a high-throughput marker using HRM and multiplexed PCR.
Crystal structure of DRIK1, a stress-responsive receptor-like pseudokinase, reveals the molecular basis for the absence of ATP binding
Authors: Aquino Bruno , Silva Viviane C. H. da , Massirer Katlin B. , Arruda Paulo
Published: July 2019

Background

Plants reprogram metabolism and development to rapidly adapt to biotic and abiotic stress. Protein kinases play a significant role in this process by phosphorylating protein substrates that activate or inactivate signaling cascades that regulate cellular and metabolic adaptations. Despite their importance in plant biology, a notably small fraction of the plant kinomes has been studied to date.

Results

In this report, we describe ZmDRIK1, a stress-responsive receptor-like pseudokinase whose expression is downregulated under water restriction. We show the structural features and molecular basis of the absence of ATP binding exhibited by ZmDRIK1. The ZmDRIK1 kinase domain lacks conserved amino acids that are essential for phosphorylation activity. The crystal structure of the ZmDRIK1 kinase domain revealed the presence of a spine formed by the side chain of the triad Leu240, Tyr363, and Leu375 that occludes the ATP binding pocket. Although ZmDRIK1 is unable to bind nucleotides, it does bind the small molecule ENMD-2076 which, in a cocrystal structure, revealed the potential to serve as a ZmDRIK1 inhibitor.

Conclusion

ZmDRIK1 is a novel receptor-like pseudokinase responsive to biotic and abiotic stress. The absence of ATP binding and consequently, the absence of phosphorylation activity, was proven by the crystal structure of the apo form of the protein kinase domain. The expression profiling of the gene encoding ZmDRIK1 suggests this kinase may play a role in downregulating the expression of stress responsive genes that are not necessary under normal conditions. Under biotic and abiotic stress, ZmDRIK1 is down-regulated to release the expression of these stress-responsive genes.
Primary solid lung cancerous nodules with different sizes: computed tomography features and their variations
Authors: Chu Zhi-gang , Zhang Yan , Li Wang-jia , Li Qi , Zheng Yi-neng , Lv Fa-jin
Published: July 2019

Background

The computed tomography (CT) features of smaller solid lung cancers and their changing regularity as they grow have not been well studied. The purpose of this study is to analyze CT features of solid lung cancerous nodules (SLCNs) with different sizes and their variations.

Methods

Between February 2013 and April 2018, a consecutive cohort of 224 patients (225 nodules) with confirmed primary SLCNs was enrolled. Nodules were divided based on the tumor diameter into four groups (A: diameter ≤ 1.0 cm, 35 lesions; B: 1.0 cm < diameter ≤ 1.5 cm, 60 lesions; C: 1.5 cm < diameter ≤ 2.0 cm, 63 lesions; and D: 2.0 cm < diameter ≤ 3.0 cm, 67 lesions). CT features of nodules within each group were summarized and compared.

Results

Most nodules in different groups were located in upper lobes (groups A−D:50.8%−73.1%) and had a gap with the pleura (groups A−D:89.6%−100%). The main CT features of smaller (diameter ≤ 1) and larger (diameter > 1cm) nodules were significantly different. As nodule diameter increased, more lesions had regular shapes, homogeneous density, clear but coarse tumor-lung interface, lobulation, spiculation, spinous protuberance, vascular convergence, pleural retraction, bronchial truncation, and beam-shaped opacity (p < 0.05 for each). Presence of halo sign in different groups was similar (17.5%−22.5%, p > 0.05).

Conclusions

The CT features vary in SLCNs with different sizes. Understanding their changing regularity is helpful for identifying smaller suspicious malignant nodules and early determining its nature in follow-up.
Serous component is a recurrence predictive factor of grade 1 endometrioid carcinoma at stage IA: A multi-institutional and retrospective study
Authors: Miyamoto Morikazu , Tsuda Hitoshi , Sugiura Atsushi , Kita Tsunekazu , Kataoka Yoshitaka , Ishii Kenji , Kudo Kazuya , Aoyama Tadashi , Matsuura Hiroko , Soyama Hiroaki , Ishibashi Hiroki , Iwahashi Hideki , Takasaki Kazuki , Kato Kento , Takano Masashi
Published: July 2019

Background

The incidence of grade 1 endometrioid carcinoma (EG1) at 2009 International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (FIGO) stage IA was the highest in endometrial carcinoma. Several studies and guidelines classified EG1 into recurrent low risk and did not recommend patients received adjuvant therapy. However, not a few case with EG1 recurred. The aim of this study was to examine whether EG1 at 2009 FIGO stage IA with a less than 5% serous component resembling ovarian high- or low-grade serous carcinoma (SC) was a risk factor for recurrence or worse progression free survival (PFS).

Methods

Between 1990 and 2015, patients who received total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for grade 1 endometrioid carcinoma at stage IA were enrolled at multiple centers. In addition to pathological review using 2014 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, SC and several pathological features, including lympho-vascular invasion, were identified. A retrospective analysis to examine whether SC was a risk factor of recurrence was conducted.

Results

During the observational period, 236 patients were included in our study. Among them, SC was noted in 14 patients. Five patients showed recurrence and 4 of them had SC. Multivariate analysis for recurrence revealed that SC was an independent risk factor of recurrence (hazard ratio (HR) 139, p<0.001). PFS of patients with SC was worse than of patients without SC (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis for PFS demonstrated that SC was a significant prognostic factor (HR 98.9, p<0.0001).

Conclusion

SC was the strongest risk factor of recurrence for patients with EG1 at FIGO stage IA. Therefore, a new treatment strategy may be needed for patients with SC.
Cost Objects: The ED Dilemma. How is your ED performing?
Authors: Fuentes Verónica , Neriz Liliana , Nunez Alicia , Mateo Ricardo
Published: July 2019

Background

The aim of this study is to propose a list of cost objects that can be used by any ED to compute costs considering that the resulting data must facilitate unit management by improving the information available for decision-making.

Methods

This study considers two stages, first, We analyzed the case-mix of two hospitals collecting their data to define and diagram their processes, activities and to obtain their cost objects, second, we used four additional hospitals to validate our initial findings.

Results

We recognized 59 cost objects. Hospitals may have all these cost objects or just a subset of them depending on the services they provide.

Conclusions

Among the main benefits of our cost objects definition are: the possibility of tracing the processes generated by the services delivered by EDs, the economic sense in its grouping, the chance of using any costing methodology, the flexibility with other classification systems such as DRGs and ICDs, and the opportunity of costing for both diseases and treatments. Furthermore, cost comparison among hospitals using our final 59 cost objects list is more accurate and based on comparable units. In different EDs, each cost object will be the result of a similar combination of activities performed. We also present the results of applying this cost objects list to a particular ED. A total of 54 out of 59 cost objects were identified for that particular unit within a calendar year.
Impact of upper airway configuration assessed by CT on CPAP titration in OSA patients during Müller's maneuver
Authors: Lin Qichang , Xie Han-Sheng , Huang Jie-feng , Zhao Jian-Ming , Zeng Ai-Ming , Wang Bi-Ying , Chen Gong-Ping
Published: July 2019

Objectives

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the current gold-standard treatment for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and upper airway anatomy plays an increasingly important role in evaluating the efficacy of CPAP therapy. The aim of this observational study was to investigate the influence of upper airway anatomy on CPAP titration in OSA patients assessed by computed tomography (CT) during Müller's maneuver.

Methods

Consecutive patients under investigation for OSA by undergoing polysomnography and CT scan of the upper airway while awake were enrolled. Successful full-night manual titration was performed to determine the optimal CPAP pressure level for OSA patients in supine position using a nasal mask.

Results

A total of 157 subjects (134 males and 23 females) were included. Both apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) and LaSO2 significantly correlated with CPAP titration level, upper airway length (UAL), distance from mandibular plane to hyoid bone (MPH), and neck circumference (all p<0.05). There were significant positive correlations between CPAP titration level and UAL (r=0.348, p=0.000) and MPH (r=0.313, p=0.002). Stepwise multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the independent predictors of AHI, LaSO2, and CPAP titration level. CPAP titration level was identified as an independent explanatory variable for AHI and LaSO2 after adjustment for confounders. Multiple linear regression analyses also indicated that body mass index (BMI) and UAL were independently associated with CPAP titration level (all p<0.05).

Conclusions

Upper airway abnormalities combined with anthropometric parameters play important roles in CPAP titration for OSA patients, providing additional insight into the factors influencing OSA treatment strategies. UAL and BMI should be taken into consideration when choosing CPAP titration level to improve CPAP compliance.
Exploring the pathogenic function of endogenous plasmid from Pantoea ananatis by a simple and efficient plasmid elimination strategy
Authors: Zhao Xiaozhen , Gao Lu , Huang Hai , Zhao Yi , Hanif Alvina , Wu Huijun , Gu Qin , Wu Liming , Gao Xuewen
Published: July 2019

Background: Pantoea ananatis, a Gram-negative bacterium and species of the family Enterobacteriaceae, is associated with diseases in a wide range of crops. Diseases caused by P. ananatis are devastating and can result in serious economic losses. We previously isolated strain DZ-12 from maize brown rot leaves and, genome sequencing revealed that it belongs to P. ananatis and contains a large, endogenous plasmid, pDZ-12. Virulence plasmids are essential for pathogenesis in many bacterial pathogens. However, nothing was known regarding the role of this plasmid in the pathogenicity of P. ananatis in maize plants.
Results: Here, we developed a simple and efficient strategy to eliminate the endogenous plasmid by substituting its native replicon with a temperature-sensitive replicon. The resulting temperature-sensitive plasmid could be cured by growing cells at high temperature (37 ℃). Loss of pDZ-12 from P. ananatis DZ-12 led to decreased disease severity in maize plants, suggesting the endogenous plasmid was important for pathogenesis. Meanwhile, loss of pDZ-12 also affected the ability of the bacterium to form biofilms. The method described here, which is efficient and needs only two steps to cure the endogenous plasmid without antibiotic resistance, was also shown to work in the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis, and may be generally applicable in bacteria.
Conclusions: This study we provide the first evidence that the endogenous plasmid of P. ananatis DZ-12 is important for pathogenesis in maize plants and in the ability of this species to form biofilms, which further our understanding of the pathogenicity of P. ananatis. It also presents the first report on curing plasmid DNA from P. ananatis.
Keywords: Pantoea ananatis, endogenous plasmid, replicon, temperature-sensitive
Inflammation may be correlated with Symptomatic Neurosyphilis
Authors: wu yali , Wu Wenqing , Huang Yuming , Xu Dongmei
Published: July 2019

Background A retrospective study was performed to compare the differences in clinical and laboratory features of asymptomatic neurosyphilis (ANS) and symptomatic neurosyphilis. Methods One hundred and four eligible patients were enrolled from the beijing ditan hospital between February 2017 and June 2018, including 35 ANS and 69 symptomatic neurosyphilis. The clinical data was analyzed retrospectively, including age, sex, treatment history, serum Alb, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), CRP, RPR, rapid plasma reagin(RPR), as well as CSF RPR, CSF Alb, CSF WBCs, and CSF protein. Results Of the one hundred and four inpatients, there were significant differences in age, male, serum RPR, CSF protein, NLR, PLR, CSF-Alb /S-Alb and CRP between the two groups. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that CSF protein (OR 1.07, 95%CI 1.024-1.118, P=0.002) , serum RPR (OR 1.035, 95%CI 1.001-1.059, P=0.003) and NLR (OR 2.568, 95% CI 1.226-5.376, P=0.012) were independent risk predictors for symptomatic neurosyphilis. Female (OR 0.11, 95% CI 0.025-0.490
, P=0.004) was protective factor for symptomatic neurosyphilis. Conclusions Male gender, serum RPR, CSF protein and NLR were risk factors for symptomatic neurosyphilis. They may indicate the development and aggravation of neurosyphilis Moreover, the ROC showed that NLR ≥ 3.348 could better predict the development of symptomatic neurosyphilis. Inflammation was significantly correlated with the development of neurosyphilis at discharge.
The combined presence of hypertension and vitamin D deficiency increased the probability of the occurrence of small vessel disease in China
Authors: Si Junzeng , li kuibao , shan peiyan , Yuan Junliang
Published: July 2019

Background: The exact relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] levels and small vessel disease (SVD) are not clear in China. The aim of this study was to determine such association between 25(OH) D and SVD in China.
Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 106 patients with SVD and 115 controls between Jan 2017 and Dec 2017. All the subjects were categorized into three subgroups according to the level of 25(OH) D: vitamin D deficiency (<12 ng/ml), insufficiency (12-20 ng/ml) and sufficiency (>20 ng/ml).
Results: Among 106 SVD patients, 80 (75.5%) were men and the mean age was 61.6±13.2 years. The deficiency of 25(OH) D was observed in 76 (71.7%) of SVD patients and 47 (40.9%) of controls (P=0.001). Compared with controls, patients with SVD were more likely to be male, a stroke history, smokers, with hyperlipidemia, higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein, and lower of 25(OH)D level (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed the level of 25(OH)D as an independent predictor of SVD (OR 0.772, 95% CI 0.691-0.862, P=0.001). Compared with the sufficient 25(OH)D group, the ORs of SVD in deficient and insufficient 25(OH)D group were 5.609 (95% CI 2.006-15.683) and 1.077 (95% CI: 0.338-3.428) after adjusting for potential confounders, respectively. In hypertensives with vitamin D deficient and insufficient group compared with sufficient group, the ORs of SVD increased to 9.738 (95% CI 2.398-39.540) and 1.108 (95% CI 0.232-5.280), respectively (Pinteraction=0.001).
Conclusion: We found significant associations between SVD and 25(OH)D deficiency. The combined presence of hypertension and vitamin D deficiency increased the probability of developing SVD. Our findings will warrant further prospective studies in the future.
Groundwater flow simulation through the application of the FREEWAT modeling platform
Authors: Koltsida Evgenia , Kallioras Andreas
Published: July 2019

FREEWAT is a free and open source QGIS-integrated platform, developed to simulate several hydrological processes by combining the capabilities of geographic information system (GIS) for geo-processing and post-processing tools with several codes of the well-known USGS MODFLOW ‘family’. FREEWAT platform was applied for the groundwater flow simulation of a coastal aquifer system, located in northern Greece. The simulation was conducted using the MODFLOW_2005 code, the Observation Analysis Tool (a FREEWAT module facilitating the integration of time series observations into modeling), while the UCODE_2014 code was used as the main module for the sensitivity analysis and parameter estimation. The statistics used include composite scaled sensitivities, parameter correlation coefficients, and leverage. The simulation of the investigated aquifer system was found to be satisfactory, indicating that the simulated level values were slightly greater than the observed values after the optimization.
A Change in Bile Flow: Looking Beyond Transporter Inhibition in the Development of Drug-induced Cholestasis
Authors: Garzel Brandy , Zhang Lei , Huang Shiew-Mei , Wang Hongbing
Published: July 2019

Background:

Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI) has received increasing attention over the past decades, as it represents the leading cause of drug failure and attrition. One of the most prevalent and severe forms of DILI involves the toxic accumulation of bile acids in the liver, known as Drug-induced Cholestasis (DIC). Traditionally, DIC is studied by exploring the inhibition of hepatic transporters such as Bile Salt Export Pump (BSEP) and multidrug resistance-associated proteins, predominantly through vesicular transport assays. Although this approach has identified numerous drugs that alter bile flow, many DIC drugs do not demonstrate prototypical transporter inhibition, but rather are associated with alternative mechanisms.

Methods:

We undertook a focused literature search on DIC and biliary transporters and analyzed peer-reviewed publications over the past two decades or so.

Results:

We have summarized the current perception regarding DIC, biliary transporters, and transcriptional regulation of bile acid homeostasis. A growing body of literature aimed to identify alternative mechanisms in the development of DIC has been evaluated. This review also highlights current in vitro approaches used for prediction of DIC.

Conclusion:

Efforts have continued to focus on BSEP, as it is the primary route for hepatic biliary clearance. In addition to inhibition, drug-induced BSEP repression or the combination of these two has emerged as important alternative mechanisms leading to DIC. Furthermore, there has been an evolution in the approaches to studying DIC including 3D cell cultures and computational modeling.
Stem Cells as a Resource for Treatment of Infertility-related Diseases
Authors: Wang Jing , Liu Chi , Fujino Masayuki , Tong Guoqing , Zhang Qinxiu , Li Xiao-Kang , Yan Hua
Published: July 2019

Worldwide, infertility affects 8-12% of couples of reproductive age and has
become a common problem. There are many ways to treat infertility, including
medication, intrauterine insemination, and in vitro fertilization. In recent years, stem-cell
therapy has raised new hope in the field of reproductive disability management. Stem
cells are self-renewing, self-replicating undifferentiated cells that are capable of
producing specialized cells under appropriate conditions. They exist throughout a
human’s embryo, fetal, and adult stages and can proliferate into different cells. While
many issues remain to be addressed concerning stem cells, stem cells have undeniably
opened up new ways to treat infertility. In this review, we describe past, present, and
future strategies for the use of stem cells in reproductive medicine.