bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII A MTS RAHMANIYAH DENGAN PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN NUMBER HEADS TOGETHER (NHT) PADA MATERI LINGKARAN
Authors: Sudarmawan Heppi
Published: July 2019

Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan pembelajaran dengan penerapan model pembelajaran Number Heads Together (NHT) di kelas VIII A MTs Rahmaniyah pada materi lingkaran dan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan meng­gunakan model spiral Kemmis dan McTaggart. Subjek dari penelitian ini sebanyak 20 orang siswa. Soal tes dan lembar observasi adalah instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengambil data penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase ketuntasan siswa mencapai 65,00 % pada siklus I. Ketuntasan meningkat menjadi 80,00 % pada siklus II. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model pem­belajaran NHT dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII A MTs Rahmaniyah pada materi lingkaran. Kata Kunci: Number Heads Together, Hasil Belajar, Lingkaran Abstract: The purpose of this study was to describe learning by applying the Number Heads Together (NHT) learning model in VIII A grade of MTs Rahmaniyah on circle material and to determine the improvement of student learning outcomes. The research conducted was classroom action research using the spiral model Kemmis and McTaggart. The subjects of this study were 20 students. Test questions and observation sheets are instruments used to retrieve research data. The results showed that the percentage of student completeness for circle material reached 65.00% in cycle I. The completeness increased to 80.00% in cycle II. These results indicate that the use of the NHT learning model can improve the learning outcomes of class VIII A MTs Rahmaniyah in circle material. Keywords: Number Heads Together, Learning outcomes, Circle.
In vitro embryo rescue of interspecific hybrids of oil palm (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis)
Authors: Alves Sergio Augusto Oliveira , Lemos Oriel Filgueira de , Filho Benedito Gomes dos Santos , Silva André Luís Lopes da
Published: July 2019

The oil palm (Elaeis guineennsis Jacq.) is the plant with major oil yield in tropical areas over the world. Pará state is the major producer of Brazil. However, the production of resistant hybrids (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guinennsis) to several diseases is necessary, in spite of less productive, is a viable alternative for areas where occur more aggressive diseases. The aim of this research was to rescue in vitro embryos of four varieties of interspecific hybrids of oil palm (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis) in different media. Four varieties were tested: (1) Cj-2141; (2) CI-2061; (3) Cj-502 and (4) Cj-494. Four media were tested: (T1) half strength MS medium (½ MS), (T2) MS, (T3) MS + 0.5mg L-1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and (T4) ½ MS+ 0.5mg.L-1 NAA and BAP. All media were supplemented with 0.17g.L-1 NaH2PO4, activated charcoal (0.25%), sucrose (3%) and solidified with phytagel (0.2%). The most germination rate of interspecific hybrids embryos was obtained on ½ MS medium, supplemented with 0.17g.L-1 NaH2PO4, activated charcoal (0.25%), sucrose (3%) and solidified with phytagel (0.2%). The variety CI-2061 presents the best capacity to develop normal seedlings.
Reducing the Burden of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Cote D’Ivoire through fortification
Authors: Prieto Patron Alberto , Sabatier Magalie , Hutton Zsuzsa , Fattore Giovanni , Detzel Patrick
Published: July 2019

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is highly prevalent in the Cote d’Ivoire, and has severe health and economic consequences. In this paper, we apply a health economic model to quantify the burden of IDA, and the contribution of nation-wide mandatory iron fortification of wheat flour and voluntary iron fortification of condiments to the reduction of this burden. The analysis for the population from six months to 64 years builds on published reviews and publicly available datasets, and is stratified by age-groups and socio-economic strata. Without the impact of these fortification strategies, the annual burden of IDA is estimated at 242,100 disability adjusted life years (DALYs) and 978.1 million USD. Wheat flour and condiment fortification contributed to a reduction of the IDA burden by approximately 5% each. In places with high prevalence of malaria and environmental factors, such as the Côte D’Ivoire, policy makers should combine nutritional intervention with infectious disease prevention and environmental factors. The findings of this study provide additional input for policy makers about the magnitude of the impact and can support the conception of future fortification strategies.
The Zero Energy Idea in District. Application of a Methodological Approach in the Case Study of Epinlieu (Mons)
Authors: Koutra Sesil , Pagnoule Claire , Galatoulas Nikolaos-Foivos , Bagheri Ali , Waroux Thomas , Becue Vincent , Ioakimidis Christos S.
Published: July 2019

Through history, particular attention has been paid of the study of the relationship between the energy use and the city structure. Improving energy efficiency in modern agglomerations is the most promising means to mitigate climate change and its impacts. In this current context of globalisation, European Union proposes initiatives and policy targets to rethink the urban development strategies towards the ‘zero energy objectives’. Providing a methodological approach with a simulation district analysis, the present article summarizes how the ‘zero energy’ challenge is analyzed in an existing district (Epinlieu) to articulate the users’ requirements in energy. This study contributes to the scientific discussion of the districts’ urban structure and energy planning by establishing a linkage among the beneficial influence of the KPIs of the districts’ form to increase their energy efficiency and its application in a real case study in Belgium.
PERAN PETANI KUNCI (COCOA DOCTOR) DALAM ADOPSI PAKET PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI PETANI KAKAO SERTIFIKASI
Authors: Sumiati Sumiati , Arsyad Muhammad , Diansari Pipi
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study aims to determine: 1) the role of cocoa doctor in adoption production package; 2) cocoa farmer's response to the presence of cocoa doctor;  3) the level of adoption of production increasing package (called 3PP) of cocoa farmers. This research was conducted in Maliwowo Village, Eastern Luwu, South Sulawesi. Samples were 36 people, by simple random sampling method. The analysis employed scoring analysis.  The results shows that: 1) the role of cocoa doctor  in adoption 3PP in terms of information delivery, absorption ability of information, group planning, cooperation and group institutionalized is the middle category of 53.78%; 2) farmers have agreed response to the presence of cocoa doctor; and 3) farmers adoption levels to 3PP are in the medium category (75%). This implies that the role of cocoa doctor could be expected to improve adoption of 3PP.  Keywords: cocoa doctor; cocoa farmers;  adoption.
PERILAKU KONSUMEN PADA PEMBELIAN BERAS DI KOTA MAKASSAR (Cunsomer Behavior on Purchasing Rice in Makassar City)
Authors: Yusuf Yulfirah , Amrullah A. , Tenriawaru A. Nixia
Published: July 2019

One of the variables that cause differences in consumer behavior of rice is income. The purpose of this study is to identify the level of consumer income, rice attributes selected by consumers, and analyze the relationship between the level of consumer income with rice attributes. This research was conducted in Makassar City which is in traditional market of Pa'baeng-baeng and modern market of Lotte Mart. The object of research is the direct consumers who come shopping in the market Pa'baeng-baeng and Lotte Mart consists of 30 respondents respectively. The method of analysis is done by descriptive and Chi Square. The results show that the quality, packing, and price attributes are related to the income level. While the physical attributes of rice are not related to income levels.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA KULINER
Authors: Safitri Irvina , Salman Darmawan , Rahmadani Rahmadani
Published: July 2019

Lemang is one of traditional food made from raw material of sticky rice (black and white) wrapped with banana leaf and put into bamboo container from Bangkala Subdistrict, Jeneponto Regency. This study aims to: (1) Describe the strategy in maintaining relationships with providers Lemang Dg Awing in District Bangkala (2) Describe the strategy in maintaining the relationship with the business of Lemang Dg Awing. (3) Describe the strategy in maintaining the quality of lemang in the business of Lemang Dg Awing. (4) Analyzing the business continuity hole in the case of Lemang Dg Awing business. This study used qualitative descriptive, participatory analysis tools and in-depth interviews, with research locations in Bangkala District, Jeneponto Regency, South Sulawesi. The results concluded that: 1. Strategy built by Dg. Awing with suppliers With suppliers for suppliers Invites suppliers to make events, Presents lemang to suppliers. Provide additional bonus through channeling for purchases of lemang 2. Dg Awing always maintains relationships  with  its  employees  such  as:  Always  work  in  the morning,  Invites employees at the time of the event, Provides support during times of big days, Provides money support, Prepares cold food and drinks on the part burning, especially during the day, Inviting vacation together. 3. Dg Awing Always pay attention to 6 basic components to maintain the quality of lemang remain stored, such as aroma, shape, size, taste, texture and color lemang 4. Dg. Awing continues to control 3 aspects for business continuity related to raw material suppliers, Maintain and maintain good relationships to its workers. Keep maintaining the quality of the lemang itself to continue to increase sales volume and increase consumer loyality in buying lemang.Keywords: lemang; traditional food; development strategy.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: Fadhilah Andi , Darma Rahim , Amrullah A.
Published: July 2019

This research has been done in Household Business “X”, which is located  in  Sidrap Regency, South Sulawesi. This research aims to: 1). Analyze the problems that happened in agrosystems case; 2). Analyze various solutions for problems in business development; 3). Formulate actions in achieving the objectives; 4). Implement selected actions. The whole data and information obtained in this research using the APPAS (Analysis of Agrosystem Design and Development) method and AHP (Analysis of Hierarchy Process). APPAS method is one of the learning methods that lead to overcome the problem in relation of the agrosystem case that used as the object of research and also directs to analyze the problem solving and AHP (Analysis Hierarchy Process) that is used to evaluate the alternative actions that must be done for the sake of development of agrosystem case. The result of the analysis shows that Household Business of “X” has the main problem that is Limited Marketing Area. The main problem happened due to the lack of promotion media, the manpower in the marketing department is unavailable, inadequate transportation, and limited equipment units. This main problem is the cause of low incomes, low demand, and low sales. To solve this problem, we have to set the main target that is increasing the revenue. The main target will be achieved if the media promotion increases, availability of manpower, transportation, and equipment units. Achieving the main targets will have an impact on increased of corporate revenue, the demand and the sales. Keywords: Strategy, Household Business,  AHP (Analysis of Hierarchy Process)
DAMPAK ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN SAWAH TERHADAP KETAHANAN PANGAN DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Prasada I Made Yoga , Rosa Tia Alfina
Published: July 2019

Meningkatnya pertumbuhan ekonomi menuntut terjadinya transformasi dalam kegiatan-kegiatan perekonomian di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, sehingga mendorong meningkatnya alih fungsi lahan sawah menjadi lahan-lahan non pertanian. Alih fungsi lahan sawah dapat memberikan dampak negative terhadap ketersediaan pangan dan ketahanan pangan penduduk. Oleh karena itu, penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui dampak terjadinya alih fungsi lahan sawah terhadap ketahanan pangan penduduk di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tahun 2006 hingga tahun 2015. Ketahanan pangan penduduk di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dihitung dengan menggunakan metode surplus/deficit pangan. Selain itu, pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis stastistik uji paired sample t test untuk mengetahui perbedaan ketahanan pangan sebelum dan sesudah alih fungsi lahan sawah terjadi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alih fungsi lahan sawah menyebabkan hilangnya produksi beras sebesar 18.359,27 ton selama periode tahun 2006-2015. Akan tetapi, ketahanan pangan penduduk tetap terjaga meskipun terjadi alih fungsi lahan sawah. Uji t menunjukkan terdapat beda signifikan tingkat ketahanan pangan penduduk antara sebelum dan sesudah terjadinya alih fungsi lahan sawah.
HUBUNGAN FASILITAS, KUALITAS PELAYANAN, HARGA DAN TEMPAT TERHADAP KEPUASAN PENGUNJUNG AGROWISATA DI PT PERKEBUNAN TAMBI, KABUPATEN WONOSOBO
Authors: Santoso Idris , Nadapdap Hendrik Johannes
Published: July 2019

This research was purposed to identify the relationship among the facility, service quality, price and location toward the agrotourism visitors in Tambi Plantation Factory, Wonosobo Regency. The location was selected purposively (purposive) with a consideration that Tambi Plantation Factory was one of the biggest Private Plantation Factory which owned an agrotourism factor in Central Java Province. The research started from January to February 2019. This research was a quantitative descriptive research which done through survey. The sampling technique used in this research was non probality sampling by accidental sampling. The number of respondents involved in this research were 50 respondents of Tambi Tea Agrotourism visitors. The research result showed that facility (X1) had positive and medium level of relationship and significantly correlated to the visitor’s satisfaction (Y), service quality (X2) showed positive and strong level of relationship and significantly correlated to the visitor’s satisfaction (Y), and price (X3) had positive and medium level of relationship and not significantly correlated to the visitor’s satisfaction. Whereas location (X4) had low level of relationship and not significantly correlated to the visitor’s satisfaction (Y).
Etiology, Evaluation, and Management of Dislocation After Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Saiz Augustine M. , Lum Zachary C. , Pereira Gavin C.
Published: July 2019

» The rate of dislocation after primary total hip arthroplasty has decreased, but given the high volume of total hip arthroplasty procedures that are performed, dislocation remains a common complication.

» The etiology of dislocation after total hip arthroplasty is multifactorial and depends on the patient’s characteristics as well as the orthopaedic surgeon’s operative techniques and decisions regarding implants.

» A detailed assessment of the patient, preoperative planning, a thorough understanding of the anatomy, proper surgical technique, and knowledge of the biomechanics of the implant decrease the likelihood of dislocations following total hip arthroplasty.

» The advent of new techniques and procedures has further reduced the occurrence of dislocation following total hip arthroplasty. However, should dislocation occur, primary management or revision total hip arthroplasty techniques provide excellent results to salvage the mobility and function of the hip.
Clinical Efficacy of Liposomal Bupivacaine
Authors: Abildgaard Jeffrey T. , Chung Andrew S. , Tokish John M. , Hattrup Steven J.
Published: July 2019

Background:

There has been a surge in interest with regard to the utility of liposomal bupivacaine as part of a perioperative pain management protocol. The current study was proposed to critically assess the efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine as a local anesthetic for pain relief following orthopaedic procedures.

Methods:

A systematic review of prospective, randomized trials involving liposomal bupivacaine was performed using searches of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. The primary outcomes of interest included postoperative subjective pain scores and narcotic consumption. The length of stay and postoperative mobility were reviewed as secondary outcomes.

Results:

Twenty-seven studies met inclusion criteria and were included for review. Twelve of 17 studies concluded that periarticular or local infiltrative liposomal bupivacaine offered no additive benefit compared with other local anesthetic injections. Peripheral nerve blocks without liposomal bupivacaine conferred more optimal pain relief and decreased narcotic consumption in the immediate postoperative period when compared with liposomal bupivacaine, with no differences thereafter. Twelve studies listed a conflict of interest related to the drug manufacturer (Pacira Pharmaceuticals). Eight of these studies (67%) demonstrated clinical superiority of liposomal bupivacaine when compared with the study control. In the 15 studies that did not show a conflict of interest, only 1 study (7%) demonstrated therapeutic superiority with use of periarticular liposomal bupivacaine when compared with a historical cohort that received no local or regional anesthesia.

Conclusions:

Current prospective, randomized controlled trials in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery fail to support the routine use of liposomal bupivacaine compared with other local injectable analgesics, particularly in the setting of knee replacement surgery. We were unable to find consistent support for the potential of superior pain relief and narcotic use reduction with the use of liposomal bupivacaine.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Systematic Approach To Reduce Uncertainties When Quantitatively Assimilating 4D Seismic and Well Data
Authors: Almeida Forlan La Rosa , Davolio Alessandra , Schiozer Denis José
Published: July 2019

History matching (HM) is a complex process that aims to increase the reliability of reservoir-simulation models. HM is an inverse problem with multiple solutions that call for probabilistic approaches. When observed data are integrated with sampling methods, uncertainty can be reduced by updating the uncertainty distribution of the reservoir properties. This work presents a practical methodology to systematically reduce uncertainties in a multiobjective assisted HM while dealing with multiple scenarios and assimilating well and 4D-seismic (4DS) data quantitatively. The frequency-distribution update goes through an iterative process. The distribution of the current iteration is combined with the histogram generated using the best-matched simulation scenarios from the current iteration to generate the updated distribution. To evaluate the matching quality, multiple local objective functions (LOFs) are independently evaluated, enabling the identification of LOFs that expose the need for reparameterization. This quantitative process was applied in two phases: Phase 1, in which only well data were used to constrain the scenarios, and Phase 2, when 4DS data were added. The methodology was successfully validated against a synthetic benchmark case of medium complexity, with the production-history data generated at a fine scale (reference model). Each iteration increased the number of matched scenarios, demonstrating good convergence. Most of the reservoir properties had uncertainty reduced gradually while avoiding the premature reduction of the uncertainty range (minimizing convergence to an incorrect solution). Local probabilistic perturbations were conducted on the petrophysical realizations in the regions around the wells that manifested LOFs, which hindered the match. The method efficiently achieved multiple matched simulation scenarios, with all (87) LOFs evaluated within the defined tolerance range. The 4DS data were included regionally with an acceptable increase in computation time. In both phases, the matched simulation scenarios presented production forecasts similar to the reference model. The quantitative assimilation of 4DS data generated scenarios that forecast production with less variability than did scenarios generated without 4DS data. This was expected for this study because the 4DS data provided do not present noise or artifacts.
Laryngopharyngeal pH monitoring in patients with interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Su Yiliang , Shen Li , Zhang Fen , Jiang Xing , Jin Xiaofeng , Zhang Yuan , Hu Yang , Zhou Ying , Li Qiuhong , Li Huiping
Published: July 2019

Background

Patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) often have irritating persistent dry cough. Possible correlations between dry cough and laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) remain unclear.

Methods

44 patients with ILDs and 30 healthy individuals underwent 24-hour laryngopharyngeal pH monitoring. Ryan index score was calculated. Patients’ demographic and clinical data were collected.

Results

44 patients (23 cases of IPF and 21 cases of CTD-ILD) and 30 healthy individuals were included. The proportions of men and smokers were significantly higher in IPF group than in CTD-ILD group and control group (All P<0.01). Other demographic and clinical data were similar in IPF and CTD-ILD group. According to the percentage duration of pH<6.5, pH6.5-7.5, and pH>7.5 in the overall measure duration, the patients were classified into three pH groups. In entire pH monitoring duration, the proportion of pH>7.5 group in ILD patients was higher than control group; at upright position, the proportion of pH>7.5 group in ILD patients was higher than control group; at supine position, the proportion of pH<6.5 group in ILD patients was higher than control group (All P<0.01). Seven patients had Ryan index score>9.41 at upright position. All patients had Ryan index score<6.79 at supine position. Four patients showed significantly higher and one patient had significantly lower average pH at coughing than the overall average pH (All P<0.05).

Conclusions

Patients with ILDs may have LPR. Basic and acidic LPR may likely occur at upright and supine position, respectively. Ryan index may not accurately reflect LPR in patients with ILDs.
Prevalence of road traffic injury and its associated factors at hospitals in Wolaita Zone
Authors: Weldemariam Samuel Hailu , Lendado Tigabu Addisu
Published: July 2019

Background Road traffic injury is defined as fatal or non-fatal cases incurred as a result of road traffic crashes. It accounts for an estimated 1.2 million people death and as many as 50 million injury in each year worldwide. This study was aimed to determine prevalence and associated risk factors of road traffic injury.Objective To determine the prevalence and its associated risk factors of road traffic injury.Method Facility based cross-sectional study with sample size of 309 was used for conducting study in two selected hospitals in Wolaita Zone.Systematic sampling method was applied to select study subject based on inclusion criteria. Data was collected by questionnaires which was developed from reviewing different literatures and analysed by using SPSS version 20statistical software.Result Among the total of trauma victims who visited emergency department of hospitals, approximately half of victims (49.2%) were due to road traffic injury followed by falling injury 60 (19.4%) and burns 35 (11.3%). After adjusting for confounding in multivariate logistic regression analysis, sex and living places are independent factors of road traffic injury. Two of them are highly significantly associated with road traffic injury and being male and urban resident had thirteen times AOR 13.08 95% CI (6.15-27.85) and more than two times AOR 2.69 95%CI (1.55-4.64) increased odd of road traffic injury respectively.Conclusion Road traffic injury was leading injury types among trauma victims visiting emergency department of Hospitals. Therefore, strong road safety policy at local and country level is needed to reduce vulnerability of individuals and vehicle related injury.
A new video laryngoscope specialized for endotracheal intubation in mice
Authors: Sun Gang-Qiang , Guo Wen-jun , Xu Qing , Liu Chen , Fang Shang-Ping
Published: July 2019

Background: Mechanical ventilation is indispensable in many animal experiments, and establishing a stable airway to control breathing is critical. However, endotracheal intubation in small rodents is very difficult due to the lack of visibility of the epiglottis. In addition, traditional blind endotracheal intubation methods usually cause laryngopharyngeal injury and can even result in death; thus, a noninvasive endotracheal intubation device is needed. Results: The video laryngoscope required significantly less time and fewer attempts to achieve successful intubation. The incidences of vomiting reflex, asphyxia and injury were significantly lower in video laryngoscope group. In addition, the time elapsed until the first feeding postextubation was less in video laryngoscope group, indicating faster recovery. Conclusions: The new video laryngoscope endotracheal intubation device used in this study is simple, noninvasive, safe and practical.
Comparison of Safety and Efficacy of Open, Laparoscopic-Assisted, Totally Laparoscopic, and Robotic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer:A Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huang Chao , Huang Jun , Luo Hongliang , Zong Zhen , Zhu Zhengming
Published: July 2019

Background: Several techniques are used for surgical treatment of gastric cancer (GC), but the efficacy and safety of these approaches have not been compared.
Methods: We systematically searched articles of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and ISI-Web of Science databases. The primary outcome was safety using overall morbidity as the main indicator of safety. The secondary outcome was efficacy using the number of harvested lymph nodes (HLNs) as an indicator of efficacy. Multiple surgical treatment comparisons based on Bayesian network integrated the safety and efficacy of all included approaches. The ranking probability was appraised by the probability of the surgical approaches.
Results: The 19 eligible RCTs with 4309 patients were included in the network meta-analysis (NMA). There were no differences in overall morbidity between open gastrectomy (OG) and laparoscopic-assisted gastrectomy (LAG) [odds ratio (OR) 1.09, 95% credible interval (Crl): 0.86-1.64], OG and robotic gastrectomy (RG) (OR 1.16, 95% Crl: 0.43-3.07), LAG and totally laparoscopic gastrectomy (TLG) (OR 2.85, 95% Crl: 0.67-12.52), RG and LAG (OR 0.96, 95% Crl: 0.36-2.93), TLG and OG (OR 0.32, 95% Crl: 0.07-1.38) and TLG and RG (OR 0.35, 95% Crl: 0.06-2.01). There were also no differences in the number of HLNs between OG and LAG [weighted mean difference (WMD) 0.91, 95% Crl: -0.24-2.43)], OG and RG (WMD 1.55, 95% Crl: -2.58- 5.51), LAG and TLG (WMD -0.90, 95% Crl: -6.82-5.18), RG and LAG (WMD -0.68, 95% Crl: -4.63- 3.91), TLG and OG (WMD -0.01, 95% Crl: -6.41-5.90) and TLG and RG (WMD 1.56, 95% Crl: -6.01-8.59). From the results of the rank probabilities of the four surgical treatments, TLG had the highest probability of being the safest and the most effective surgical approaches.
Conclusions: The four surgical treatments of GC have similar safety and efficacy. TLG had the best chance of becoming the safest and most effective treatment.
Effect of acute primary angle closure glaucoma on the blood flow and macular structure: A prospective cohort study
Authors: wang rui , Yang Jin , Li Xuan
Published: July 2019

Background: Mounting evidence shows that vascular factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma, while optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) can provide a better view for microvascular changes in glaucoma.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of the severity of acute primary angle closure glaucoma (APACG) on macular microcirculation and the diagnostic value of blood flow and macular structure for APACG using OCTA.
Methods: Patients with APACG hospitalized at the Tianjin Eye Hospital from January to April 2019 were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. They were assigned to mean deviation (MD) ≤6 (35 eyes), 6 < MD ≤ 12 (41 eyes), MD >12 (33 eyes), primary angle closure suspect (PACS) (40 eyes), and age-matched age-related cataract (ARC) groups (33 eyes). OCTA was used to measure the vessel density (VD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in different macular superficial areas. OCT was used to measure the retinal thickness (RT) and ganglion cell complex thickness (GCC). One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the differences in VD and FAZ for different degrees of APACG. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were used to assess the diagnostic values of VD, RT, and GCC for APACG.
Results: On comparing the ARC, PACS, and MD ≤6 groups with 6 < MD ≤ 12 and MD > 12 groups, differences in all parameters were found to be statistically significant. This indicated that VD gradually decreased and FAZ enlarged with the exacerbation of APACG. For the 6 < MD ≤ 12 group versus PACS group, the diagnostic value of VD was high (AUCs: 0.902–0.942), and that of RT was moderate (AUCs: 0.805–0.842). For the MD >12 group versus PACS group, the diagnostic values of VD (AUCs: 0.900–0.958) and RT (AUCs: 0.828-0.887) increased.
Conclusions: With the exacerbation of APACG, the damage of VD in the macula was greater. VD had higher diagnostic accuracy, providing a new view for the diagnosis of APACG.
Comparison between endoscopic submucosal snaring with circumferential mucosal incision (ESS-CMI) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in treating colonic neoplasm - a cost-effective retrospective study
Authors: Jin Xi , Yu Mosang , Zhu Yinxuan , Zheng Ruoheng , Huang Yue , Zhou Xinxin , Ji Feng
Published: July 2019

Background To evaluate and compare the safety, efficacy and cost of endoscopic submucosal snaring with circumferential mucosal incision (ESS-CMI) with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in various types of colonic neoplasms. Methods Patients who were admitted in our endoscopic center for colonic neoplasm therapy were screened, with the Chinese item of “endoscopic submucosal dissection” and the English abbreviation of ESD, for the period between January 2011 and December 2017. Initially enrolled patients were further categorized into ESD and ESS-CMI groups after careful assessment of detailed operation procedures. Data on patients’ and colonic neoplasm’s characteristics, recurrence, treatment, follow-up and disease status were collected after medical records review. Further cost-effective analysis includes two main aspects: treatment effect and complication as well as the cost and efficiency. Results A total of 278 patients was selected. Though there were no significant differences in basic anthropometric and disease status data such as age, gender, neoplasm type, degree and the method of follow up, the location of rectum, the longest side and the surface area were significantly higher in ESD group than those in ESS-CMI group. For ESS-CMI, further cost-effective study showed the similar treatment effect and complication rate but significantly decreased cost, operation time and average hospital stay, when compared with ESD. Further subgroup analysis showed that there were no significant differences between the ESS-CMI successful and failure groups. Conclusion ESS-CMI might become a new and better choice for colonic neoplasm therapy, based on its decreased operation cost but similar treatment efficacy and complication rate as ESD.
Care provider’s knowledge, attitude and practices toward chronic kidney disease in Jimma Town: Cross-sectional study
Authors: Wolide Amare Desalegn , Goro Kabaye Kumela , Dibaba Fantu kerga , Debalke Serkadis , Seboka Meskerem , Tufa Birtukan Edilu , Fufa Fanta Gashe , Bobasa Eshetu Mulisa
Published: July 2019

Introduction:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common and growing health problem that requires adequate knowledge by health care providers to reduce the progress of the diseases. Thus, this study is aimed to asses the care provider’s knowledge, attitude, and practices toward CKD.

Method: Cross-sectional study was conducted among 326 care providers at Jimma University Specialized hospital and three medium to higher clinics found in Jimma Town. Collected data entered to Epi-Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 21 for windows for data analysis. Descriptive statistics and generalized linear modal were used to analyze the data.

Result:The mean age and service year of the participants were 29.68(±4.877) and 4.28(±4.561), respectively. The overall weighted knowledge, attitude and practice score of the study participant was 9.0971(8.77, 9.42), 2.53(2.4,2.65), 10.14(9.94,10.33) respectively. More than half of the respondents 191 (58.6%) had the knowledge that eGFR (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate) is a better way to assess kidney function. Many 215(66.0%) knew the five-stage and the risk factors of CKD. Above 250 study participant knew late detection and referral would increase kidney disease complication. In addition, 275(84.4%) of them are worried about treatment cost related to CKD. Over half of the care providers, 238(73.0%) believed that the Ethiopian ministry of health gave less attention to the problem. Furthermore, 234(71.8%) are interested to study more on CKD management. Majority 256(78.5%), very likely or likely refer patient to senior physician and Nephrologist.

Conclusion: Care provides knowledge was found to be above moderate level and many had the knowledge on the basic function of the kidney, risk factors, treatment, and management of CKD. Many are worried about treatment cost and interested to learn about CKD primary from textbook and internet. The majority had a practice of referring patients to nephrologists or to a senior physician. Many care providers had a frequent discussion on the prevention strategies of CKD.
Effectiveness of the serious game ‘You & I’ in changing mentalizing abilities of adults with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities: A parallel superiority randomized controlled trial
Authors: Derks S.D.M. , Wijngaarden S. van , Wouda M. , Schuengel C. , Sterkenburg P.S.
Published: July 2019

Background: Persons with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities generally show dysfunctions in mentalization and stress regulation, resulting in problematic social relationships and personal distress. Intervention programs may improve mentalizing abilities. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the serious game ‘You & I’ in changing mentalizing abilities and stress regulation in adults with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities.
Methods: A two-arm, parallel, superiority randomized controlled trial will be used with 172 adults with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the experimental group to play the serious game ‘You & I’ or to a waitlist control group. Participants will be assessed at baseline, post-intervention (5 weeks after baseline), and follow-up (6 to 8 weeks after post-intervention). They also will fill in questionnaires for personal factors, personal development, personal well-being, social validity, autism spectrum quotient (demographic variables), mentalizing abilities (primary outcome measure), and stress regulation (secondary outcome measure).
Discussion: The serious game ‘You & I’ aims to improve mentalizing abilities in adults with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities, which is expected to lead to improved regulation of stress in social relationships. The study’s unique feature is the use of a serious game to improve mentalizing abilities. If the intervention is effective, the serious game can be implemented on a broad scale in Dutch care organizations for people with intellectual disabilities as an effective preventive tool to improve mentalizing abilities.
A pragmatic effectiveness randomized controlled trial of duration of psychiatric hospitalization in a trans-diagnostic sample of patients with acute mental illness admitted to a ward with either blue depleted evening lighting or normal lighting conditions
Authors: Scott Jan , Langsrud Knut , Vethe Daniel , Kjørstad Kaia , Vestergaard Cecilie Lund , Faaland Patrick , Lydersen Stian , Vaaler Arne , Morken Gunnar , Torgersen Terje , Kallestad Håvard
Published: July 2019

Introduction

There is increasing recognition of the need to stabilize sleep-wake cycles in individuals with major mental disorders. As such, clinicians and researchers advocate for the use of interventions targeted at sleep and circadian dysrhythmias as an adjunct to the standard treatments offered for acute illness episodes of a broad range of diagnoses. To determine the trans-diagnostic generalizability of chronotherapy, we explore the benefits of admitting individuals with an acute illness episode to a psychiatric inpatient unit where changes in light exposure are integrated into the therapeutic environment.

Methods

A two-arm pragmatic effectiveness randomized controlled treatment trial, where individuals admitted for acute inpatient psychiatric care will be allocated to a ward with blue depleted evening light or to a ward with the same layout and facilities but lacking the new lighting technology. The trial will test whether the experimental lighting conditions offer any additional benefits beyond those associated with usual treatment in an acute psychiatric inpatient unit. The main objectives are to examine any differences between groups in the mean duration of hospitalization in days. Additional analyses will compare group differences in symptoms, functioning, medication usage, and side-effects and whether length of stay is associated with stability of sleep-wake cycles and circadian rhythms. Ancillary investigations will determine any benefits according to diagnostic subgroups and potential drawbacks such as any adverse effects on the well-being of professionals working across both wards.

Discussion

This unit offers a unique opportunity to explore how exposure to different lighting conditions may modify sleep-wake cycles and how any changes in sleep-wake cycle may impact on the clinical and functional outcomes of individuals experiencing an acute episode of a severe mental disorder that requires inpatient care. The findings could influence the future design of hospital units offering care to patients with mental or physical disorders.

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03788993, retrospectively registered Dec 28th 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03788993.
Choroidal Structural Changes Correlate with Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wang Hui , Tao Yong
Published: July 2019

Background
This study aims to investigate the choroidal thickness and choroidal vascular density parameters and their correlation with severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients.
Methods
An observational cross-sectional study was conducted of 104 eyes, which were divided into 4 groups: Healthy controls (n = 38), DM with no DR eyes (n = 22), non-proliferative DR (NPDR) eyes (n = 24), proliferative DR (PDR) eyes (n = 20). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed. The total choroidal area (TCA), stromal area (SA), the luminal areas (LA) and the ratio of the luminal to choroidal area(L/C ratio) were compared. The choroidal parameters were also compared between panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) untreated and PRP-treated DR eyes.
Results
The L/C ratio values was 0.68 ± 0.06 in controls and 0.63 ± 0.04 in DM eyes (P < 0.001). But there were no statistically significant differences in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, retinal thickness and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT) measurements between the two groups (P = 0.407, P = 0.654 and P = 0.849; respectively). The vessel density values were significantly different in DM with no DR eyes, PRP-untreated NPDR eyes and PRP-untreated PDR eyes (P < 0.001 for SCT, TCA and SA). The L/C ratio in the three groups were significant different (P = 0.019). There was no significant difference in SCT, TCA, LA, SA and the L/C ratio between PRP-untreated and PRP-treated DR eyes.
Conclusion
Eyes of patients with DM showed the L/C ratio decreased compared with normal controls. SCT increased, but the L/C ratio significantly decreased with severity of DR eyes compared with DM eyes and normal. Changes in the L/C ratio may predict DR development before they are otherwise evident clinically. Choroidal blood flow deficit can be an early pathologic change in DR.
Key Words
Diabetic retinopathy; choroidal vascular density parameter; choroid; macular
Efficacy of Heterorhabdits indica LPP35 against Aedes aegypti in domiciliary oviposition sites
Authors: Silva Bruna , Almeida Alexandre M. , Dolinski Claudia , Souza Ricardo M.
Published: July 2019

Entomopathogenic nematodes have been evaluated for control of mosquito species for decades. Depending on the nematode and mosquito involved, mortality rates of larvae (L) may reach 100% in vitro. Nonetheless, nematode efficacy at oviposition sites has rarely been assessed. Heterorhabditis indica LPP35 has been shown to kill over 75% of Aedes aegypti L3/L4 in cups and bottles outdoors. To assess its efficacy in indoor oviposition sites, different types/sizes of floor drains and pot saucers, and 65 liter water barrels, were infested with L3/L4 and treated with two doses of infective juveniles (IJs). In floor drains, mortality rates varied from 45 to 82%, with better results in the smallest drains. The adjustable dose of 25 IJs/cm2 of the drain’s bottom internal surface gave better results than the fixed dose of 100 IJs/larva. Mortality rates were only 28 to 53% and 0.1 to 1.7% in pot saucers and water barrels, respectively, probably because ridges and grooves that marked the bottom internal surface of these containers hindered the encounter of larvae and IJs.
Strategic approach to managing the quality of the services of the tourism enterprise
Authors: Honcharov Andriy , Honcharova Svitlana
Published: July 2019

Modern competition in the tourism sector is characterized by extreme aggravation, a departure from price levers and, at the same time, a shift to quality and differentiation of services provided. Ensuring the competitive advantages becomes possible only by applying a strategic approach to managing the quality of a tourism enterprise activity. The main aspects of the strategic approach to the management of the quality of tourism enterprise services are investigated. Definition of quality of tourism services is specified. The main strategies that are most often used in the management of the quality of the tourism enterprise are identified, aimed at ensuring the compliance of tourism services with the requirements of normative documentation and aimed at ensuring the quality of the tourism product (service) in accordance with the requirements of consumers, their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. Areas of improvement of quality management of tourism enterprises activity are proposed, the essence of which is the clear formulation of the mission of the enterprise, as well as strategic, tactical and operational plans; constant monitoring of the market, identification of changes in consumer requirements to the quality of the tourism product and the process of service provision; improvement of methods and forms of work with personnel of the organization; creation of an effective control system at the enterprise; application of the latest technologies and modern equipment; constant targeted search and use of quality reserves.
BURSA’NIN TAHIL PAZARI VE GALLE HANI
Authors: ALKAN Fikret , YAVAŞ Doğan
Published: July 2019

Osmanlı Devleti’nin ekonomik yapılarından olan
şehiriçi hanları, ulusal ve ulus ötesi ticaretin gelişmesinde önemli rol
oynamıştır. Şehir öğelerinin Osmanlı’daki ilk oluşumları Bursa’da
gerçekleşmiştir. Bu öğelerin ticari birimleri 17. yüzyıla değin şehri uluslar
arası önemli bir ticaret merkezi haline getirmiştir. Bursa’da ticaretin
geliştiği dönemde, tüccarların ihtiyaçları gözetilerek yeni bir pazar oluşturma
ihtiyacı doğduğunda ise, ticari yapıların Hanlar Bölgesi’nin doğusuna kaydığı
görülmektedir. Galle Hanı, bu nedenle şehrin doğu kısmında Kanuni Sultan
Süleyman’ın sadrazamlarından Semiz Ali Paşa tarafından kendi vakfına gelir
getirmek amacıyla yaptırılmıştır. Çalışmamızda günümüze bazı mimari unsurları
ulaşan yapının inşası, tamirleri, bugünkü durumuna gelmesine neden olan
etmenler ile halen zahire pazarı olarak kullanılan bölgeye etkileri, arşiv
bilgilerinden de edinilen bilgilere dayalı olarak yorumlanarak, Bursa
ticaretindeki yeri değerlendirilecektir.
CONVERGENCIAS Y DESENCUENTROS EN LAS IDEAS DE CULTURA Y VALORES EN DURKHEIM Y EN WEBER
Authors: Palau Valderrama Paloma
Published: July 2019

En el presente texto señalo algunas convergencias y diferencias fundamentales en las ideas de cultura y valores de los sociólogos clásicos Durkheim y Weber. En primer lugar, expongo las ideas de ambos autores a partir del análisis de su obra y en diálogo con relecturas contemporáneas de los dos clásicos, identificando sus sentidos. Subrayo la relación de las nociones de cultura y valores con otras relevantes en el pensamiento de cada uno, tales como moral, valores ideales y civilización en Durkheim; y significación cultural, ethos y racionalización en Weber. Después, apunto las convergencias y desencuentros en las nociones de cultura y valores. Finalmente, argumento que en las teorizaciones de ambos sociólogos clásicos existe la semilla de una perspectiva para comprender la pluralidad axiológica y las tensiones entre sujeto y sociedad en los contextos multiculturales y globalizados contemporáneos.

Palabras clave: sociología clásica. Durkheim. Weber. Cultura.
THE ANTINOMIES OF HABERMAS'RECONSTRUCTION OF HISTORICAL MATERIALISM
Authors: Browne Craig
Published: July 2019

There are few attempts to reformulate the historical perspective of classical sociological theory comparable to that of Jürgen Habermas’ reconstruction of historical materialism. Habermas considered historical materialism to be principally a theory of social evolution and he sought to revise its conception of historical development. In Habermas’ opinion, the logic of the development of normative structures, social identities and cultural understandings differs from that of material production and the organizational complexity of social systems. My analysis reveals how the major innovation of Habermas’ reconstruction of historical materialism is the ensuing conceptualizations of the social relations of production as forms of social integration and the function of systematically distorted communication in their historical institution. Despite the significant implications of this supplementation of the paradigm of production with a theory of communication, Habermas’ reconstruction of historical materialism is shown to be limited by its inflexible logic of development and disengagement from the conflicts internal to processes of material production. It is proposed that the historical perspective of other strands of contemporary social theory may rectify these limitations through their concern with social creativity, institutional variations and the dialectics of social struggle.