bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological variations of green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzar 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from different areas of Iraq
Authors: Al-Kallabe Haidar H. , Mohammed Akram A. , Kareem Ali A.
Published: June 2023

The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae is one of the most harmful agricultural pests worldwide. Therefore, understanding the morphological variations among populations are important for the management of this pest. samples were collected from 11 locations in Iraq to compare among ten characteristics of collected populations. The most important differentiation characteristics are the length of the antenna, body, mouth parts and femur. The antenna length was greater in the aphids which collected from North areas of Iraq;  however, the length of the body was greater in the aphids from locations in the mid of Iraq. the length of mouth parts was larger among the aphids collected from southern locations. Current results offer more evidence suggesting that there may be more than one genotype of M. persicae in Iraq. However, further studies on the genetic variations among collected populations are required.
الخسارة الاقتصادية والحد الحرج الاقتصادي لذبابة ثمار البطيخ الكبرىD. frontalis (Becker) وذبابة ثمار القرعيات ((Loew Dacus ciliatus على الخيار Cucumis sativus L. وسط العراق.
Authors: AL-Jorany R. S. , AL-Zubaidy H. K. , Flaia S. K.
Published: June 2023

أجريت دراسة حقلية ومختبرية في حقول ومختبرات كلية الزراعة / جامعة بغداد – أبو غريب للموسم الزراعي 2011بهدف تقدير الخسارة الاقتصادية والحد الحرج الاقتصادي لذبابة ثمار البطيخ الكبرى (Becker) Dacus frontalis  وذبابة ثمار القرعيات (Loew) Dacus ciliatus على حاصل الخيار Cucumis sativus L. وسط العراق. أظهرت النتائج أن هذين النوعين من الذباب يسببان خسارة ثلثي الحاصل الكلي تقريبا (67.91%) ، وأن الضرر يكون بخفض القيمة التسويقية والنوعية للثمار  دون تقليل أو اختزال في مقدار الحاصل الكلي، إذ وجد أن معدل وزن الثمرة السليمة (95.15 غم / ثمرة) لا يختلف معنويا عن معدل وزن الثمرة المصابة (94.18 غم / ثمرة) وقد كان معدل إنتاجية الدونم الواحد 5331.5 كغم منها 3637.5 كغم ثمار مصابة. بينت نتائج تحليل الارتباط بين معدل عدد الثمار المصابة والخسارة في الحاصل عن وجود علاقة موجبة بينهما (r=0.99654) وأن معادلة التوقع للخسارة في الحاصل هي: 

Y = -6.258 + 93.318x.

 أظهرت نتائج حساب الحد الحرج الاقتصادي أن هاتين الذبابتين تعدان من الآفات الشديدة الضرر وأن نسبة إصابة واطئة ممكن أن تسبب خسارة اقتصادية عالية، إذ وجد أن الحد الحرج الاقتصادي لهما هو 1% مقدرا" على أساس النسبة المئوية لإصابة الثمار وأن دالة ضرر الحاصل هي:    Y = -53.516 + 5351.52.
Factors affecting in total milk yield and lactation period in Cyprus , Local goats and their cross
Authors: مهدي العزاوي زيد محمد , ابراهيم سعيد سعد , ندا سعد محمد
Published: June 2023

This study was carried out in the station for ruminant research of the State Board for Agriculture Research, Ministry of Agricultural in Abu Ghraib (23 km west of Baghdad) for the period of  1/10/2012 - 25/9/2013. The objective of the present study was to study of effect factors in total milk yield (TMY) and lactation period (LP( in Cyprus , Local goats and their cross. The  study included 607 records for TMY and LP of 163 goats. The overall means for total milk yield through 179.54 days was 180.88 kg. The least squares means for milk yield 221.31 ± 6.40 , 149.84 ± 8.54 and 171.51 ± 11.21 kg  in Cyprus , Local goats and their cross , respectively  and lactation period were 172.51± 2.12 , 188.46 ± 2.90 and 177.67 ±  3.62 days in Cyprus , Local goats and their cross , respectively.  Genetic groups and production year were highly significant (P<0.01) on TMY and LP ,but type of birth and sex of kid were non- significant. Age of goat was highly significant (P<0.01) on LP. regression of TMYon LP and LP on TMY were  highly significant (p< 0.01).

Key words : total milk yield , Cyprus . Local , goats
عزل وتشخيص بعض الفطريات المسببة لمرض تعفن جذور وقواعد سيقان الباقلاء ومقاومتها ببعض المستخلصات النباتية والفطر الاحيائي Trichoderma viride
Authors: هادي مطلوب عهد عبد علي , عمران كيف الكيف محمد احمد
Published: June 2023

بينت نتائج المسح الحقلي الذي اجري في 15 حقلاً مزروعة بنبات الباقلاء تابعة لمحافظة بابل انتشار مرض تعفن جذور وقواعد سيقان الباقلاء في جميع المناطق التي شملها المسح وبنسب اصابة تراوحت بين 40-100% وبشدة اصابة تراوحت بين 26.7-75% وبينت نتائج العزل والتشخيص تباين في وجود الفطريات وكانت الفطريات  solani Rhizoctonia و Fusarium solani و Macrophomina phaseolina اكثرها ظهورا . اثبتت نتائج التشخيص الجزيئي لهذه الفطريات ان 12 عزلة من الفطر solani . R تابعة له و 9 عزلات من الفطر M. phaseolina تابعة لهذا الفطر ما عدا الفطر solani  .F فقد تبين من خلال هذا الاختبار عدم حصول تفاعل البرايمر الخاص به مع عزلتين تابعة له باستخدام تقنيةPolymerase Chain Reaction PCR . بينت نتائج  الاختبار للمقدرة الامراضية للفطريات المدروسة تفاوت في نسب الانبات وتغاير في شدة الاصابة. واظهرت نتائج الكشف الكيميائي للمستخلصات النباتية ( اللزيج, الالبيزيا, عرف الديك) احتوائها على مركبات فعالة قادرة على تثبيط الفطريات الممرضة, واظهر مستخلص نبات اللزيج تفوقه في نسبة التثبيط للفطريات المدروسة اذ بلغ معدل تثبيط الفطريات solani . R و solani  .F و M. phaseolina 100, 91.47, 88.17 % على التوالي بتركيز 15% ايضاً .اظهر الفطر T. viride قدرته التثبيطية العالية على الفطريات المدروسة.

الكلمات المفتاحية:
Effect of addition of some organic acids and creatine to the rations of fattening Awassi lambs in some cellular and biochemical blood parameters
Authors: Lazim Jamil Sarhan , Al-Muhana Hummam Hussein
Published: June 2023

The high demand for red meat in the market should be accompanied by production to cover the current shortages in local and international markets (Badri 2010). Researches have focused on cheap and easy additions to achieve this goal. Antonio (2013) used creatine in order to provide lamb and obtaining increases in weight and muscle being the beginning of the composition of many amino acids. organic acids were added as feed additives but it did not lead to further improvement, the addition of creatine or organic acids or their mixture in the relations of Awassi sheeps. Twenty eight Awassi lambs were used into four treatments randomly with 7 lambs in each. The first treatment (T1) as a control group, and the second treatment (T2) the lambs were fed with 3 kg of organic acids/ton, the third treatment (T3) the lambs were fed with 1.2 kg of creatine/ ton and the fourth treatment (T4) with (1.5 kg of organic acids with 0.6 kg creatine / ton of feed). The experiment was designed according to the CRD design to demonstrate the impact of these additions on some cellular and biochemical blood parameters for fattening Awassi lambs, blood samples were drawn from the jugular vein in three periods (when the experiment started, 45 days and 90 days).

Results showed the following:

    The statistical analysis of Table 2 showed no significant differences in the means of red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb) and Hematocrit (PCV) for the three periods of blood parameters from Awassi lambs, while significant differences (P <0.05) in white blood cell (WBC) count were observed for the similar effect of blood drawn on day 45 and day 90 of the experiment, and it was significantly increased in all lambs that were fed on a mixture of organic acids and creatine (T4) as well as in lambs fed on creatine only (T3), while the lowest values ​​were observed in lambs with the second treatment (T2), which were fed on organic acids only. As for blood biochemistry criteria, Table 3 showed a significant effect (P <0.01) in the second drawn (45 days) in the concentration of triglycerides and urea and also the total protein in the third drawn, while no such differences were found in the concentrations of glucose and cholesterol for all the blood drawn.
Efficacy of the alcoholic extracts of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camldulenis L.) leaves and barks against adults of cowpea beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae).
Authors: Abbas Manar Ahmed , Ibrahim Ashwaq Hussam , Fawaz Sawsan Fadel , Jassim Mona Ibrahim
Published: June 2023

The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Eucalyptus camldulenis L. leaves and barks alcoholic extracts in three concentrations (1.25,  2.5and 5%)  against cowpea beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.), which was monitored 24 and 48 hours after treatment. The result showed that the highest effective mortality  of  the leaves and barks extracts were obtained with the concentration 5 gm.ml-1  after 24 and 48 hours  reached 60.00 % and 80.00 % respectively, and the lowest effective  mortality of the leaves extract was 36.67% and 66.67% respectively after 24 and 48 hours  at 1.25 gm.ml-1. The attract rate of insect was 9.5 in concentration 5 gm.ml-1  and 3.66% at 1.25 gm.ml-1  compared to an expulsion rate amounted 23.5% at 5 gm.ml-1  and 21.83 at 2.5 gm.ml-1 respectively for leaves and barks.
Effect of algae extract and Bio-fertilizer on vegetative growth and flowering of Freesia hybrid L.
Authors: Kadhim Zaid Khaleel , AL-Shareefi Mohammed , Hakim Rabab A. M.
Published: June 2023

Abstract

          The present investigation was aimed to find out the effect of foliar application of algae extract and Bio-fertilizer on growth and flowering  yield of Freesia plant. , which was carried out in winter 2018 at experimental site of Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) with three replications and two factors. The first factor consisted 2 levels of algae extract foliar spray ( Zero, 3) ml/L, coded as  A0, A1 the treatments were applied three times ( 15 , 30 , 45 ) after germination, and the second one involved 2 levels of Bio-fertilizer (Zero,10 ) g/L, coded as  B0, B1 The treatments were applied after 10 days of germination. These studies find the significant effect of algae extract with Bio-fertilizer on vegetative growth and flowering yield. The treatment (A1B1) recorded higher average in the  Plant height. While The treatment (A1B0) gave higher average in the number of  leaves per plant, chlorophyll content, length flowering stem, number of inflorescences plant, number of florets inflorescence, but there were no a significant difference with the treatment (A1B1).
The differences between glazing with solutions, coating with fish waste extracted gelatin and polyethylene-packaging of common carp fish fil-lets and their effects on qualitative and sensory characteristics during different freezing storage periods
Authors: Hussein Ahmed A. , Ahmed Mahmoud M.
Published: June 2023

The study was conducted to choose the best way to store the fillets of common carp fish. Samples were divided into five treatments (T1 control treatment), (T2 glazing with saline solution 2%), (T3 glazing with acid solution 2%), (T4 coating with fish ex-tracted Gelatin), (T5 normal polyethylene- packaging). These five groups (treat-ments) have been stored in freezing conditions at four periods 2,4,6,8 weeks respectively. The qualitative and sensory properties of fish fillets were studied and the best results was belonging to T4 (gelatin coating treatment). The study included the process of gelatin extraction from fish waste as well.
FASN gene polymorphism and its relationship with milk yield and Composition in the Iraqi Awassi sheep
Authors: Naeemah Ali Ghali , Al-Anbari Nasr Nouri
Published: June 2023

This study was conducted at the Barakat Abu Fadl al-Abbas (peace be upon him) sheep breeding station / Al-Kafeel General Investment Company in Karbala Governorate for the period from 1/12/2020 to 1/6/2021, with the aim of determining the Frequency of Alleles and Genetic Manifestations of the FASN gene and its relationship to milk production and its main components from The percentage of fat, protein, lactose and non-fat solids in Iraqi Awassi sheep, 51 female Awassi sheep were used in this study. The percentage of distribution of genotype for the FASN gene in the studied Awassi sheep sample was 7.84, 21.57 and 7.59% for each of the structures AA, AC and CC, respectively, and the two alleles were A and C, with a frequency of 0.19 and 0.81. respectively, significant differences were found in total milk production. As for the milk components, only the protein percentage was affected significantly by the different genotype, and there was no significant effect for the other components by the different genotype of the FASN gene. From the results of the current study, it can be concluded that the FASN gene can be adopted as an important indicator in the development of genetic improvement strategies for Awassi sheep to maximize the economic return from breeding projects by selecting and cross-breeding the genotypes that achieved the best productive performance.
Characterization and detection of some active compounds in seeds oil of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) by GC-MS and GLC
Authors: Najm Mohammed R. , Sultan Fatimah I.
Published: June 2023

The current study investigated some activities of chemical compounds which separated from Cuminum cyminum seeds and tested for their antibacterial activity against three types of bacteria that are pathogenic to humans and plants: Staphlococcus aureus, Escherichia.coli, Agrobicterum rhizogenes. The fatty acids were obtained after the soaponification process from the Petroleum ether extracted cumin seeds were separated by Soxhleet and diagnosed using (GC-MS) The volatile oils produced from cumin seeds were also separated using a Clevenger axis steam distillation device. Results, revealed that, cumin seeds are rich in with fatty acids, and this was indicated by the diagnostic results using GC-MS technology, as eight fatty acids were separated from the petroleum ether extract of cumin, including Octadecadienoic acid. Hexadecanoic acid, while the results of (GLC) showed the presence of the Cuminaldehyde in the separated oil, and that all of these compounds showed a high inhibitory effect against the bacteria used under study using the inhibitory activity test (susceptibility test) by drilling and estimating their inhibitory concentrations compared to the antibiotics used under study.
Analisis Cemaran Coliform Pada Sumber Air Produsen Kue Tradisional Apem Di Kecamatan Kesesi Kabupaten Pekalongan
Authors: Mulia Susanti
Published: June 2023

Air merupakan salah satu sumber daya alam yang sangat diperlukan dalam kehidupan. Air bersih dibutuhkan manusia untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Ditinjau dari segi kualitas air, terdapat beberapa persyaratan yang harus dipenuhi, diantaranya kualitas fisik, kimia, dan biologi agar aman bagi kesehatan. Masalah utama yang harus dihadapi dalam penggunaan air  ialah tingkat pencemaran air. Semakin tinggi tingkat pencemaran air yang berasal dari produk mikrobioologi, mengakibatkan tingginya kontaminasi mikroorganisme terutama bakteri Coliform. Pengolahan dan produksi pangan  membutuhkan sumber air bersih agar menghasilkan produk yang terjamin mutunya. Salah satu produk makanan yang menggunakan air dalam pengolahannya adalah apem kesesi yang merupakan kue tradisional yang diproduksi di Kecamatan Kesesi Kabupaten Pekalongan. Apem merupakan kue tradisional yang memiliki cita rasa yang manis dengan tekstur yang kenyal. Apem terbuat dari campuran a tepung beras, gula jawa serta air. Daerah Kesesi khususnya Desa  Bantul merupakan pusat produsen kue apem, para produsen apem sebagian besar menggunakan sumber air sumur untuk membuat adonan kue  Apem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat bakteri Coliform pada sumber air yang digunakan produsen Apem. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriftif menggunakan metode MPN untuk mengetahui jumlah bakteri coliform dalam sampel yang diperiksa. Jenis bakteri coliform diidentifikasi menggunakan uji biokimia. Penelitian mendapatkan hasil 14 sampel yang positif tercemar bakteri Coliform. 9 sampel mengandung bakteri Coliform fecal (Escherichia coli), dan 5 sampel mengandung bakteri Coliform Non fecal ( Klebsiella). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa 14 sampel air sumur yang diperiksa mengandung bakteri Coliform.
Gambaran Kondisi Kesehatan Organ Hati Para Petani Pengguna Pestisida di Desa Tulis, Kabupaten Batang
Authors: Izza Ratna Kumala  , M. Bagus Agung
Published: June 2023

Organ hati merupakan organ utama yang rentan terhadap paparan pestisida. Paparan pestisida terjadi karena adanya kontak antara pestisida dengan petani yang menggunakan pestisida. Paparan pestisida dalam jangka waktu yang lama dapat menyebabkan terakumulasinya pestisida di dalam hati yang tidak bisa diuraikan atau dieksresikan sehingga munculnya gejala-gelaja klinis diantaranya mual, pusing, sakit kepala, gelisah, hipersaliva, iritasi saluran napas dan kulit, lemah otot, kelelahan, serta nyeri perut. Akumulasi pestisida dalam hati dapat memicu meningkatnya jumlah radikal bebas sehingga menyebabkan gangguan fungsi hati. Petani di Desa Tulis, Kabupaten Batang selalu menggunakan beberapa jenis pestisida untuk meningkatkan hasil pertanian. Gejala-gejala klinis yang dirasakan secara umum menunjukkan adanya keracunan pestisida. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar SGPT. Penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel diambil secara accidental sampling berjumlah 15 orang dan sesuai kriteria inklusi. Data berasal dari wawancara dan pengukuran kadar SGPT dalam darah dengan metode kinetik enzimatik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, 12 petani memiliki kadar SGPT dalam batas normal dan sisanya dalam kadar yang meningkat. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa 3 petani tersebut memiliki gangguan fungsi hati yang disebabkan oleh pestisida. Petani tersebut memiliki usia lebih dari 50 tahun dan telah menjadi petani selama lebih dari 30 tahun
Identifikasi Jamur Piedra pada Rambut Ibu Nifas di Kecamatan Wonokerto, Kabupaten Pekalongan
Authors: Naqsyabandi S
Published: June 2023

Infeksi jamur pada rambut disebut Piedra. Piedra ditandai dengan adanya benjolan (nodus) sepanjang rambut dan disebabkan oleh Piedra hortae (Piedra hitam) atau Trichosporon beigelii (Piedra putih). Piedra dapat muncul apabila rambut dan kulit kepala tidak bersih. Ibu nifas yang tidak keramas selama masa nifas (kurang lebih 40 hari) sangat rentan ditumbuhi piedra pada rambutnya. Masa nifas dimulai sejak bayi dan plasenta bayi dilahirkan hingga keadaan kandungan kembali seperti saat sebelum hamil. Beberapa masyarakat di Kecamatan Wonokerto masih mempercayai mitos selama masa nifas kurang lebih 40 hari tidak boleh keramas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi adanya jamur piedra pada rambut ibu nifas di Kecamatan Wonokerto Kabupaten Pekalongan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah random sampling dengan total sampel berjumlah 27 sampel. Identifikasi jamur menggunakan metode pemeriksaan langsung dengan menggunakan KOH 10% dan diamati secara mikroskopis menggunakan mikroskop. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat 13 sampel rambut ibu nifas yang terinfeksi jamur piedra putih. Pengamatan mikroskopis menunjukkan adanya nodul / benjolan berwarna putih pada rambut yang disebabkan oleh jamur Trichosporon beigelii. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah 48,15 % rambut ibu nifas di Kecamatan Wonokerto Kabupaten Pekalongan terinfeksi piedra putih (Trichosporon beigelii).
Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keberhasilan Pemberian Asi Eksklusif Pada Ibu Yang Bekerja Di Bidan Praktek Swasta Mariati, Amd. Keb Kec. Lawe Alas Kab. Aceh Tenggara Tahun 2022
Authors: Veronica Veronica  , Kamelia Sinaga  , Rikawati Ginting  , Imran Saputra Surbakti  , Yulita Liana Lubis  , Desi Yuliana
Published: June 2023

Latar Belakang: Pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) bagi bayi baru lahir merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mencegah  kematian dan masalah kekurangan gizi pada bayi dan balita. World Health Organization (WHO, 2014) merekomendasikan agar bayi baru lahir diberikan ASI hingga usia 6 bulan tanpa memberikan makanan atau cairan lain, kecuali vitamin, mineral, dan obat yang telah diijinkan karena adanya alasan medis. Menurut United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF, 2016), sebanyak 30.000 kematian bayi di Indonesia dan 10 juta kematian balita di dunia pada tiap tahunnya dapat dicegah melalui pemberian ASI secara eksklusif. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif, dengan rancangan cross sectional (potong lintang). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak sistematik (systematic random sampling), dimana sampel pada penelitian ini 20 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar kuesioner. Teknik analisis bivariat menggunakan uji che square. Hasil: hasil hampir Menunjukkan bahwa,sebagian besar responden berusia <20-25 tahun (65,0 %) dan sebagian kecil >25-30 (35,0%). sebagian besar responden berpengetahuan baik 17 orang (85,0%) dan sebagian kecil responden 3 orang (15,0%). sebagian besar responden bersikap baik 17 orang (85,0%) dan sebagian kecil responden 3 orang (15,0%). sebagian besar responden Lingkungan Kerja  baik 17 orang (85,0%) dan sebagian kecil responden 3 orang (15,0%). dilihat bahwa dari usia terbanyak 10 orang (76,9%) yang usia <20-25 tahun berhasil melakukan pemberian asi ekslusif dan 3 orang (23,1%) tidak berhasil memberikan asi ekslusif dan usia >25-30 7 (41,2%) orang yang berhasil memberikan Asi Ekslusif. dapat dilihat bahwa dari Pengetahuan baik serbanyak 17 orang (85,5%) dan berhasil melakukan pemberian asi ekslusif dan 3 orang (15,0% tidak berhasil memberikan asi ekslusif dapat dilihat bahwa dari Sikap positif serbanyak 17 orang (85,5%) dan berhasil melakukan pemberian asi ekslusif dan 3 orang bersifat negatif  (15,0%) tidak berhasil memberikan asi ekslusif dapat dilihat bahwa dari lingkungan kerja yang mendukung  serbanyak 17 orang (85,5%) dan berhasil melakukan pemberian asi ekslusif dan 3 Kesimpulan: Dari hasil pembahasan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan pemberian asi eksklusif pada ibu yang bekerja di Bidan Praktek Swasta Mariati,Amd.Keb Tahun 2022
Controversy of meaning and deviation of centers in contemporary Iraqi painting
Authors: Alaa Ali Ahmad  , Muhannad Abdullah AlKhazali
Published: June 2023

The research dealt with the topic ( controversy of meaning and deviation of centers in contemporary Iraqi painting ) , which was concerned with the issue of meaning and its presence in modern artistic work in particular, represented by the phenomenon of deviation from centers, and included four chapters: the first of them concerned the methodological framework of research, and contained the research problem in which it was highlighted Light on (meaning in contemporary Iraqi painting), and the research problem was identified by answering the following question:(Is there a clear controversy in the meaning through the deviations of the Iraqi painting from its centrality ؟ )As for the second chapter, it included the theoretical framework, which contained three sections, the first included the concept of controversy in philosophical thought, while the second topic included the meaning between presence and centrality, while the third topic was concerned with the argument of meaning in contemporary Iraqi painting, while the third chapter was concerned with research procedures, The fourth chapter contains the results and conclusions, including:1- The meaning in the concept of heterogeneity as an applied procedure in the structure of contemporary Iraqi formation is not complete unless it enters the composite sign system in the semiotic concept in a phenomenological manner as a mechanism that transcends the sensory perception to the transformed aesthetic perception in the construction of the image as a creative process resulting from the intentional awareness of the contemporary Iraqi painter, and this applies to All models .2- Through the analysis of the sample (2, 3), it became clear that the art of contemporary Iraqi formation was influenced by the arts of modernity and post-modernity, not by the technical concept, but by the concept of a cognitive building based on a transformative basis for structural systems, and a conceptual intellectual to reveal the absent dispersed meaning .
The implicit in the theatrical texts of Ali Abdul Nabi AL Zaidi (systematic study)
Authors: Sabbar Shabbot Talla
Published: June 2023

This study represents an attempt to apply one of the epistemological illuminations which accompanied the stage of postmodernism, which is cultural criticism, which is one of the most prominent contemporary intellectual currents This study sought to reveal the Systematic contents that Stagnant under the masks of the aesthetic and the cultural defacement and to work on the Extrapolation of its symbols and their cultural dimensions, as well as seeking to analyze four types of cultural patterns in the collection of theatrical texts by the writer Ali Abd ul-Nabi ul-Zaidi tagged (the return of the man who did not die) based on the critical approaches to cultural criticism, which is the shape (masculinity/virility) and the format (war / Loss), the format of (we and the other), and the format of (absurdity and futility) and studying them in their political, social, and cultural context, consider an imaginary text full of various cultural representations by answering a set of questions: - What are these invisible patterns, and how did Do Do they manifest themselves in theatrical discourse? What are the detection mechanisms? Does it have anything to do with criticizing the political, social and ideological situation in its lived.
Formal mechanisms and their work in the surrealist theatrical text the play (Nahda Theresias) as a model
Authors: Inas Adil Omar
Published: June 2023

Formed the subject of formal mechanisms in the theatrical text surrealist important axis of this text, because of the similarity of their idea in their interest in form without content evidence found within this research, and this was an important motivation for the researcher to search for mechanisms formalism and reveal their work in a theatrical text surreal, with the help of a group of Russian formalists and the surrealist subtraction, and thus established the title of the research tagged with (mechanisms formalism and their work in the theatrical text surrealist play "Nahda Theresias" model) based on the systematic establishment in The first chapter by asking the research problem represented by the following question: Did the formal mechanisms work in the text? And determine the importance of the research is to try to research in the application of formal mechanisms on a surreal theatrical text, and the goal of the research, which lies in the detection of these mechanisms’ formalism and their work in a surreal theatrical text, and then the most prominent search terms, then came the second chapter (theoretical framework), which included two sections:The first topic // formal approach concepts and mechanisms.The second section // includes surrealism. And then what resulted from the theoretical framework through five indicators reached by the research. The third chapter came in its procedures including the research sample and the research methodology and tool. Finally, the fourth chapter with the results of the research and its conclusions.
Management of Recurrent or Metastatic Cervical Cancer
Authors: Abu-Rustum Nadeem R.
Published: June 2023

Cervical cancer often affects individuals aged <50 years, with the main cause being a long-lasting infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV). Prevention of cervical cancer includes screening tests and the HPV vaccine and, if found early, it can be treatable. Metastatic disease, however, is more lethal and is a significant problem worldwide due to screening and treatment limitations. Clinicians should discuss early detection options and treatment modalities with patients with cervical cancer for informed decision-making.
La Evolución de la terminología sobre reproducción asistida en los diccionarios y corpus de lengua española
Authors: Domènech-Bagaria Ona , Santamaría Pérez María Isabel
Published: June 2023

La terminología médica es un producto histórico en cuya creación y evolución intervienen no solo factores científicos, sino también sociales y culturales. Partiendo de dicha premisa y tomando como referencia la investigación del proyecto TERMMED, el objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la terminología del ámbito de la reproducción asistida (RA) para conocer su evolución, constatar el modo en que dicha evolución depende y se retroalimenta del contexto social en el que tiene lugar, y observar su ritmo de diccionarización en el diccionario académico del español. Puesto que uno de los discursos que mejor muestra los cambios que experimenta cualquier parcela de la realidad es el diccionario, en primer lugar, se analizan las entradas de una selección representativa de términos de la RA en diversas ediciones del diccionario académico del español. Y, en segundo lugar, se constata la primera aparición de estas voces en los corpus textuales más representativos del español, su frecuencia de uso y el interés de consulta por parte de la población general. Los resultados constatan la importancia social que ha ido adquiriendo la RA y la falta de adecuación entre el ritmo de diccionarización de dichas unidades y las necesidades de los hablantes reflejadas en los corpus de uso y en las consultas a dicho diccionario.
Campo de derivación del concepto emocional печаль/tristeza en la lengua rusa
Authors: Votyakova Irina
Published: June 2023

El campo de derivación de un concepto emocional es un sistema ordenado de significados categóricos de derivación, que reflejan atributos cognitivos y se expresan mediante la derivación. Tras analizar los derivados incluidos en los nidos de derivación del sustantivo печаль/tristeza, así como sus sinónimos, podemos observar los microcampos más significativos en la estructura del campo de derivación del concepto ruso печаль/tristeza, como son “Действие/Acción” y “Признак, качество/Rasgo, cualidad”, lo que confirma la importancia de estos rasgos cognitivos en la representación de los conceptos emocionales. Asimismo, la intensidad está determinada por los verbos derivados con los prefijos вс-(вз-), на - y рас-. El microcampo “Лицо/Persona” está en la periferia del campo de formación de palabras; todos los derivados con el significado de “Лицо/Persona” no son estilísticamente neutros.  Un análisis del desarrollo histórico del campo de formación de palabras de un concepto sustantivo mostró que, por un lado, el número de derivados está disminuyendo y, por otro, que la interacción de los rasgos cognitivos en el nivel de formación de palabras está aumentando, pues muchos derivados pueden expresar varios significados categóricos de formación de palabras (por ejemplo, acción e intensidad).
La novedad del método propuesto consiste en que la construcción de un modelo de campo de derivación de un concepto permite hablar del carácter específico de este tramo de campo de nominación, describir los procesos de derivación, demostrar una interacción de distintos modos de derivación e intentar averiguar una dependencia de la estructura de un campo de derivación del tipo de concepto.
La actividad atenuadora en conversaciones coloquiales de Tegucigalpa: un estudio exploratorio
Authors: Murillo Lanza Danny Fernando
Published: June 2023

El presente trabajo analiza cómo se desarrolla la atenuación pragmática en una serie de conversaciones coloquiales de Tegucigalpa, Honduras. En concreto, este artículo se propone establecer, por un lado, cuáles son los mecanismos verbales y no verbales que se han empleado con fines atenuantes, y, por otro, con qué fines sociales se usan estos recursos. Para ello, se analiza el corpus de conversaciones coloquiales Ameresco-Tegucigalpa, el cual cuenta actualmente con 10 conversaciones en las que participan 28 hablantes capitalinos. Los resultados de este estudio exploratorio apuntan que esta categoría pragmática es empleada por los hablantes de Tegucigalpa cuando conversan coloquialmente. En particular, destaca el uso de algunos recursos, tales como el marcador de control de contacto: ¿va?, los acotadores de opinión y los modificadores externos: difusores significativos, cuantificadores minimizadores, etc. La mayoría son empleados para atenuar actos asertivos de opinión. Por último, cabría resaltar que los hablantes atenúan principalmente con el fin de autoproteger su imagen social.
“I told you all the time”: Revisiting the representation of Temple Drake’s traumatic abuse in William Faulkner’s Sanctuary
Authors: Dobre Elena Miriam
Published: June 2023

This article examines William Faulkner's representation of traumatic abuse through his (anti)heroine Temple Drake (Sanctuary, 1931). First, I bring to the fore the material dimension of the character's traumatic rape, as opposed to its classical consideration as a multi-valent cultural metaphor (Patterson, 2002). Aided by insights from the field of trauma studies (Caruth 1995; Davis and Meretoja, 2020; Herman, 2015), I examine the clinical import the sexual assault had on the character's psyche through a close reading of her dissociation-induced traumatic memories. Second, I turn to the way in which the text deals with the representation of an event fraught with referential impasses. Specifically, in dealing with the elision of Temple's violation, disclosed not at the moment of its occurrence, but in the last scenes of the novel, I establish a parallelism between the aesthetic encoding of the traumatic event and its psychological processing. I argue that the purported narrative effacement of the abuse parallels the way in which the protagonist mentally absents herself from the scene of the attack, thus failing to adaptively integrate said attack into consciousness. Further, I posit that the author counters the narratorial silencing of the rape via metonymic indexes enmeshed in the textual fabric referencing the assault. Thus, the novel retains the same fragmentary reminiscing of the abuse as the character exhibits. Finally, I conclude that, in eliding the violation scene, Faulkner carries out a prima facie process of erasure of a traumatic event, only to reckon with its representational demands.
Conceptual complexes in multimodal advertising
Authors: Ovejas Ramírez Carla
Published: June 2023

Several scholars have dealt with the workings of metaphor and metonymy in multimodal advertisements (see Forceville, 2009; Uriós-Aparisi, 2009; or Pérez-Sobrino, 2017, among others). The present study investigates conceptual complexity to broaden the set of analytical categories to be used in multimodal analysis by making use of some of the latest developments on conceptual complexes, or principled combinations of cognitive models (e.g., frames, metaphors, metonymies), as discussed in Ruiz de Mendoza (2017, 2021) to a multimodal context. Work on conceptual complexity in Cognitive Linguistics has taken two main directions. One is provided by Blending Theory, which focuses on accounting for the emergence of new structure not present in the contributing conceptual constructs after selected integration. Another direction studies patterns of conceptual interaction with a view to finding regularities that can be formulated as high-level generalizations. We will adopt this second direction. The main aim of the study is to test these analytical categories and principles of knowledge organization in terms of their communicative impact within a multimodal environment. A subsidiary aim is to further develop the theoretical apparatus underlying this initial work. Analysing a corpus of 62 multimodal advertisements, we found that: (i) the nature of a frame determines its function, i.e., matrix frames are receiving frames, which ‘situationalize’ conceptual structure, whereas donor frames play a focal role; (ii) sometimes there is no frame integration but rather internal development within a given frame, which is possible thanks to the incorporation of an external element that is not integrated, but simply facilitates the development of the frame; (iii) there are also cases in which there is frame composition instead of integration; (iv) metonymy proves to be a licensing factor previous to integration, and (v) high-level non-metaphorical correlations can act as cues for the activation of metaphorical frameworks.
Simulation of effect of thermionic emission on magnetized sheath near target plate of tungsten divertor
Authors: Li Han-Xi , Wang De-Zhen ,   School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Published: June 2023

The high confinement mode (H-mode) is a preferred operation mode of tokamak devices in the future, but the burst of edge localized mode (ELM) will sharply increase the heat load deposited on the divertor target, raising the target temperature rapidly and strengthening surface thermionic emission. In this paper, a one-dimensional fluid model is used to simulate the influence of thermionic emission on the characteristics of the magnetized sheath. The results show that the amplitude of float potential and the electric field strength both decrease under the action of thermionic emission. Plenty of thermionic emission electrons leave the target, resulting in a region with negative charge density near the target plate, and the magnetized sheath is divided into two parts: ion sheath and electron sheath. In the electron sheath, with the rise of the target surface temperature, electrons accumulated in front of the target also increase, the potential distribution is non-monotonic, and a “virtual cathode” structure appears. The reverse electric field formed near the target will confine the thermionic emission electrons leaving the target and slow down the ion movement, leading to a decrease of the ion energy deposited on the target. With the increase of the angle between the magnetic field and the target normal, the potential of the magnetized sheath and the proportion of the thickness of the electron sheath in the magnetized sheath both increase. The virtual cathode potential decreases, the temperature of the target required to form the virtual cathode rises.
Highly sensitive broadband terahertz modulator based on MAPbI3/Graphene/Si composite structure
Authors: Lai Wei-En , Wu Zong-Dong , Li Li-Qi , Liu Gen , Fang Yan-Jun ,   Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, National Engineering Laboratory of Special Display Technology, Academy of Opto-electronic Technology, School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China,   State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Published: June 2023

A high-performance silicon-based terahertz modulator is one of the key devices for building an ultrawideband terahertz-fiber hybrid communication system. In this paper, an ultrawideband terahertz modulator with large modulation depth based on a chalcogenide/graphene/silicon (MAPbI3/Graphene/Si) composite structure driven by near-infrared light (NIR) is proposed. The experimental results show that the graphene thin film and the chalcogenide hole transport layer can effectively promote the interfacial charge separation, increase the carrier complex lifetime, significantly enhance the surface conductivity of the device, further modulate the terahertz wave transmission amplitude, and realize the function of the light-controlled terahertz wave modulator under the NIR light drive. The terahertz transmission characteristics of the device are characterized by an 808 nm NIR modulation excitation source, and a large modulation depth of up to 88.3% is achieved in an ultra-wide frequency range of 0.2–2.5 THz and a low power density of 6.1 mW/mm2 driven by NIR light, which is much higher than that of the bare silicon substrate (14.0%), with the significant advantages of high sensitivity, broadband, and large modulation depth. The corresponding semi-analytical device model is established and the experimental results are verified by simulation. The proposed MAPbI3/Graphene composite thin film is effective in enhancing the silicon-based modulator performance and provides a new strategy for the future integration of silicon-based terahertz modulators in NIR terahertz-fiber hybrid communication systems.
Retinal input integration in excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the mouse superior colliculus in vivo
Authors: Gehr Carolin , Sibille Jérémie , Kremkow Jens
Published: June 2023

The superior colliculus (SC) is a midbrain structure that contains one of the highest densities of inhibitory neurons in the brain and, together with the thalamocortical visual system, it plays a key role in visually guided behaviors. The SC receives direct inputs from retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) but whether excitatory and inhibitory SC neurons differentially integrate retinal activity
in vivo
is still largely unknown. We recently established an extracellular recording approach using high-density electrodes to measure the activity of RGCs simultaneously with their postsynaptic SC targets
in vivo
, that allows addressing how SC neurons integrate RGC activity. Here, we employ this method to study the functional properties and dynamics that govern retinocollicular signaling in a cell-type specific manner by identifying GABAergic SC neurons using optotagging in anesthetized VGAT-ChR2 mice. We measured 305 monosynaptically connected RGC-SC pairs, out of which approximately one third of retinal afferents connect onto inhibitory SC neurons. We show that both excitatory and inhibitory SC neurons receive comparable strong RGC inputs, with functionally similar RGC-SC pairs showing stronger connections. Our results demonstrate that similar wiring rules apply for RGCs innervation of both excitatory and inhibitory SC neurons, which is unlike the cell-type specific connectivity in the thalamocortical system. Contrasting the similar RGC-SC connection strength, we observed that RGC activity contributed more to the activity of postsynaptic excitatory SC neurons than to the activity of postsynaptic inhibitory SC neurons. This implies that the excitatory SC neurons are more specifically coupled to RGC afferent inputs, while inhibitory SC neurons may integrate additional inputs from other sources. Taken together, our study deepens the understanding of cell-type specific retinocollicular functional connectivity and emphasizes that the two major brain areas for visual processing, the visual cortex and the superior colliculus, differently integrate sensory afferent inputs.
Spectrophotometric determination of L-α-glycerylphosphorylcholine in pharmaceutical formulations and industrial equipment cleaning rinse water with the WAKO Phospholipids C assay kit
Authors: Nikolaychuk Pavel Anatolyevich
Published: June 2023

A simple spectrophotometric method for the determination of L-α-glycerylphosphorylcholine in pharmaceutical formulations and industrial equipment cleaning rinse water using the enzyme glycerophosphocholine phosphodiesterase and the WAKO Phospholipids C assay kit was proposed. The method is based on the enzymatic hydrolysis of α-GPC to choline by glycerophosphocholine phosphodiesterase, the reaction of choline with the components of the assay kit, and the colourimetric determination of the formed product. The calibration graph is linear in the range from 1 to 40 mg/l of α-GPC, the molar attenuation coefficient is 1,110 m2/mol, the limit of detection is 1 mg/l, the limit of quantification is 3.3 mg/l, the method is selective with respect to the common excipients, shows a good accuracy (the relative uncertainty does not exceed 7%) and precision (the relative standard deviation does not exceed 5.5%), does not require lengthy sample preparation and sophisticated laboratory equipment and is suitable for the routine analysis of pharmaceutical formulations and industrial equipment cleaning rinse water.
Influence of SPIO labelling on the function of BMSCs in chemokine receptors expression and chemotaxis
Authors: Liu Yuanchun , Huang Wanyi , Wang Huiyang , Lu Wei , Guo Jiayu , Yu Li , Wang Lina
Published: June 2023

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are increasingly being used in bone marrow transplantation (BMT) to enable homing of the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells and suppress acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD). The aim of this study was to optimize the labelling of BMSCs with superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIOs), and evaluate the impact of the SPIOs on the biological characteristics, gene expression profile and chemotaxis function of the BMSCs. The viability and proliferation rates of the SPIO-labeled BMSCs were analyzed by trypan blue staining and CCK-8 assay respectively, and the chemotaxis function was evaluated by the transwell assay. The expression levels of chemokine receptors were measured by RT-PCR and flow cytometry. The SPIOs had no effect on the viability of the BMSCs regardless of the labelling concentration and culture duration. The labelling rate of the cells was higher when cultured for 48 h with the SPIOs. Furthermore, cells labeled with 25 µg/ml SPIOs for 48 h had the highest proliferation rates, along with increased expression of chemokine receptor genes and proteins. However, there was no significant difference between the chemotaxis function of the labeled and unlabeled BMSCs. To summarize, labelling BMSCs with 25 µg/ml SPIOs for 48h did not affect their biological characteristics and chemotaxis function, which can be of significance for in vivo applications.
The complete mitochondrial genomes of four lagriine species (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) and phylogenetic relationships within Tenebrionidae
Authors: Wei Zhonghua , Shi Aimin
Published: June 2023

It is common to use whole mitochondrial genomes to analyze phylogenetic relationships among insects. In this study, seven mitogenomes of Tenebrionidae are newly sequenced and annotated. Among them, four species (Cerogira janthinipennis (Fairmaire, 1886), Luprops yunnanus (Fairmaire, 1887), Anaedus unidentasus Wang & Ren, 2007, and Spinolyprops cribricollis Schawaller, 2012) represent the subfamily Lagriinae. In this subfamily, the mitogenomes of the tribes Goniaderini (A. unidentasus) and Lupropini (L. yunnanus and S. cribricollis) were first reported; they were found to be 15,328–16,437 bp in length and encode 37 typical mitochondrial genes (13 PCGs, 2 rRNAs, 22 tRNAs, and a single noncoding control region). Most protein-coding genes in these mitogenomes have typical ATN start codons and TAR or an incomplete stop codon T–. In these four lagriine species, F, L2, I, and N are the most frequently used amino acids. In the 13 PCGs, the gene atp8 (Pi = 0.978) was the most diverse nucleotide, while cox1 was the most conserved gene with the lowest value (Pi = 0.211). The phylogenetic results suggest that Pimelinae, Lagriinae, Blaptinae, Stenochiinae, and Alleculinae are monophyletic, Diaperinae is paraphyletic, and Tenebrioninae appears polyphyletic. In Lagriinae, the tribe Lupropini appears paraphyletic because Spinolyprops is clustered with Anaedus in Goniaderini. These mitogenomic data provide important molecular data for the phylogeny of Tenebrionidae.