bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AIR TRANSPORT AND PASSENGER RIGHTS PROTECTION DURING AND AFTER THE CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) PANDEMIC
Authors: Vasilj Aleksandra , Činčurak Erceg Biljana , Perković Aleksandra
Published: July 2021

A pandemic caused by the COVID-19 has caused disorders and enormous damage in all modes of transport. Carriers as well as transport users have faced great challenges of maintaining traffic. Measures and requirements imposed on them were often obscure, imprecise, and the journey itself was uncertain. Passengers were in fear of whether they would be able to reach their destination, but also whether they will succeed in preserving their health. Carriers, on the other hand, have also sought to adapt and provide passengers with safe transport. Nevertheless, the pandemic caused financial collapse of many carriers, landed the world fleet and closed many airports. Various legal instruments related to the protection of public health are applied in air transport, and they have been adopted within the framework of the World Health Organisation (WHO), the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) and the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), which will be presented in the paper. Various epidemiological measures related to the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic have been prescribed in air transport, applicable during the journey, which have certain specifics in relation to other modes of transport. The paper will present epidemiological measures as well as the procedure applied when there is a passenger on the flight who shows symptoms of an infectious disease, and new procedures related to transport of goods. It will also address the obligation to complete certain forms and provide various information as well as the obligation to compensate costs for cancelled flights. There is no doubt that the COVID-19 pandemic has a significant economic impact on air transport, and efforts will be made to present measures and provide forecasts for the recovery of air traffic in the period that follows. The paper will also address the question as to whether existing legislation and measures are appropriate, whether relevant international organisations have taken prompt measures to protect and ensure air transport during the pandemic, and whether sufficient measures have been taken to protect the health of passengers on the flight.
VIDEOCONFERENCE HEARINGS AFTER THE TIMES OF PANDEMIC
Authors: Fekete Gábor
Published: July 2021

The sanitary crisis of the Covid-19 pandemic resulted in several changes in the way courts communicate, can be reached and handle cases. The so-called videoconferencing became one of the accepted ways of the hearings. This kind of videoconferencing took place on online videoconference solutions, which differ a lot from the conventional videoconference systems. After the exceptional situation, it remained a question whether the digital revolution of court proceedings had arrived or the use of videoconferencing should remain an exceptional instrument. The application of a videoconference system is the subject of the right to a fair trial, in this regard it has been contested by the European Court of Human Rights in several cases. This case law stated several expectations and reveals many aspects, which have to be applied to the online videoconference solutions. On the other hand, the wider use of legal tech instruments is the subject of the political will. The political support is crystallizing within the EU, whose right to act is limited. The interim measures which were introduced under the emergency law regimes on national level show a number of experiences on how the continuous and legally founded functioning of the justice system can be ensured, for example by the use of online video hearings. The balance between the effectivity and the legality is a crucial question. Upon the above-mentioned sources, the paper introduces the differences of the two methods of videoconferencing. It examines the legal requirements, details the experiences and shows the opportunities of the use of videoconference systems and online videoconference solutions in civil cases. The use of videoconference in civil hearings can be an instrument conforming to procedural right. The general application of videoconference, especially the online solution lowers the threshold to access the justice, accelerates the procedures, ensures social distancing, but requires both legal and technical preparedness.
SPECIALIZATION OF JURISDICTION BACK FROM OBLIVION – A NEW ATTENTIVE AND ASSIDOUS APPROACH TO COMPLEX CROSS BORDER FAMILY LAW CASES OR POSSIBLE REVITALIZATION OF ‘MUTUAL TRUST’
Authors: Rakočević Milka , Rumenov Ilija
Published: July 2021

New trend emerges in the quest for establishing real actual trust between the main stakeholders in the complex cross border family law cases, which is providing for concentration of jurisdiction. The Hague Conference of Private International Law (HCCH) and the European Union (EU) are in forefront of establishing concentrating jurisdiction for those proceedings based on limitation of the number of courts in order to solve two problems: to enhance the predictability and the uniformity of the outcomes in these cases and to re-establish the mutual trust on realistic grounds instead of its current notion as a political decision. Such strategy is welcomed since it starts from the bottom and it tends to elevate the trust between the persons concerned in these proceedings and with that it stretches its prerogatives to the top, which is to enhance the trust between the legal systems. Whether it will succeed it depends again on the modalities of its establishment in the national legal systems. Generally, specialization of jurisdiction is frequently considered to be an important reform initiative in improving the development of a successful judicial system which is why it is recognized as a rapidly growing trend regarding the organization of the judiciary systems worldwide. The article will discuss the concepts of specialization of jurisdiction and its possible implementation in the national legal system of Republic of North Macedonia (N. Macedonia) regarding the complex cross border family law cases.
IMPACT OF COVID CRISIS ON CHILD’S RIGHT TO EDUCATION
Authors: Preložnjak Barbara
Published: July 2021

The right to education is regulated by norms of many international and regional documents. It includes many rights and plays an important role in the "all-round development of man" and its scope: physical, emotional, ethical, aesthetic, intellectual, professional, civic and international. The right to education is not the exclusive right of children. It is first and foremost the right of children and is essential for children's development. Therefore, it is generally accepted that educational opportunities should be equal for children. Unfortunately, the right to education has been severely curtailed in a short period of time due to the COVID -19 pandemic. According to UNESCO, 191 countries have temporarily closed national or local schools to contain the spread of COVID -19. This has resulted in school-age children being unable to receive basic education. This situation is particularly difficult for children from dysfunctional or disadvantaged families. Some families do not have internet, computers or books. Some parents cannot help them with homework because of educational or language limitations. All these unequal educational opportunities limit schooling. On the way to eliminate inequality in access to education and protect children from rights violations, the author will discuss whether Rawls' principle of fairness provides a good basis for the government to take action to eliminate unequal opportunities for education.
COVID-19 CHALLENGES TO THE CHILD ABDUCTION PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Drventić Martina
Published: July 2021

While creating a new notion of everyday life, the COVID-19 pandemic also affects the resolution of cross-border family disputes, including the international child abduction cases. The return of an abducted child to the country of his or her habitual residence is challenged by travel restrictions, international border closures, quarantine measures, but also by closed courts or cancelled hearings. Those new circumstances that befell the whole world underline two issues considering child abduction proceedings. The first one considers access to justice in terms of a mere possibility of the applicant to initiate the return proceeding and, where the procedure is initiated, in terms of the manner of conducting the procedure. The legislation requires a quick initiation and a summary resolution of child abduction proceedings, which is crucial to ensuring the best interests and well-being of a child. This includes the obligation of the court to hear both the child and the applicant. Secondly, it is to be expected that COVID-19 will be used as a reason for child abduction and increasingly as justification for issuing non-return orders seen as a “grave risk” to the child under Article 13(1)(b) of the Child Abduction Convention. By analysing court practice from the beginning of the pandemic in March 2020 to March 2021, the research will investigate how the pandemic has affected child abduction proceedings in Croatia. Available national practice of other contracting states will also be examined. The aim of the research is to evaluate whether there were obstacles in accessing the national competent authorities and courts during the COVID-19 pandemic, and in which manner the courts conducted the proceedings and interpreted the existence of the pandemic in the context of the grave risk of harm exception. The analyses of Croatian and other national practices will be used to gain an overall insight into the effectiveness of the emerging guidance and suggest their possible broadening in COVID-19 circumstances or any other future crises.
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON TAX ADMINISTRATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA
Authors: Perić Renata , Jerković Emina
Published: July 2021

The crisis and special measures caused by the Covid-19 virus pandemic have greatly disrupted the business and survival of small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as larger industries. The state and its institutions were forced to take certain measures to facilitate the survival and continuation of business, and to save jobs for entrepreneurs and their employees. The Tax Administration is a state institution whose measures directly affect every business. So it was among the first to take some measures, i.e. to adjust its business and tax collection to the new situation. This paper discusses the first measures introduced, those from March and April 2020. It discusses the deferral or installment payment of due and deferred tax liabilities. The measure of deferral, installment payment of tax liability, is certainly the most important and most popular measure among taxpayers. It is explained how tax measures during a pandemic should look according to the recommendations of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). We explain other measures that have been introduced to facilitate business. These are the extension of the deadline for filing income tax, the exemption from VAT, the enforcement procedure and the payment of the annual tax rate. Despite the measures taken so far, it is important to emphasize that the Covid-19 pandemic is still ongoing, and that according to some experts, a real crisis with visible consequences of the pandemic is still to be expected. Accordingly, it is to be expected that the current measures are very likely to be further changed, upgraded and adjusted as the situation changes. We consider it important to note that the framework of this paper does not allow a detailed analysis and that we are forced to limit ourselves exclusively to some aspects of the issue at hand.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN TIMES OF CRISIS: COVID-19
Authors: Šain Marija
Published: July 2021

Corporate social responsibility implies business with concern for ethics, human rights, community needs, and investment in environmental protection. It is especially evident in crisis situations when the expectations of the environment about the application of these principles of the company are higher. The Covid-19 pandemic, as a crisis situation in which companies found themselves, led to changes in business models that had an impact on their stakeholders as well. In this segment, corporate social responsibility can be a useful and effective way to mitigate the potential effects of a pandemic and make it easier to deal with the consequences of a crisis. The aim of this paper is to provide a theoretical framework for the study of corporate social responsibility in crisis situations with special reference to the situation related to Covid-19. For this purpose, the research methodology includes a review of the literature on corporate social responsibility in this situation by classification into external (community, customer, and environment) and internal (employees) dimensions of the application of corporate social responsibility. The paper highlights the problems and challenges associated with corporate social responsibility in the Covid-19 pandemic and suggests further research opportunities in this area.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF JEAN MONNET PROJECT ACTIVITIES IN PANDEMIC CONDITIONS: PAINS AND GAINS
Authors: Kordić Ljubica
Published: July 2021

The Faculty of Law Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, has been granted in the year 2020 a financial support by the European Commission in implementation of the Jean Monnet Module No. 620231-EPP-1-2020-1-HR-EPPJMO-MODULE titled ''Jean Monnet Module Language and EU Law Excellence'', Decision No 620231 of September 15, 2020. The project has been elected for financing by the European Commission among almost 1500 project applications from the whole world. Three projects from the Republic of Croatia have been accepted, one of them being the “Language and EU Law Excellence'' (LEULEX) project. The project beneficiary is Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, and the project holder is the Faculty of Law Osijek. The implementation of the project has started in September 2020 and it will last until September 14, 2023. As the project encompasses teaching activities, events and workshops that were initially planned to be delivered in face-to-face form, the implementation of the project in conditions of the world pandemic of Covid-19 virus has become very challenging and needed adapting of all stakeholders to new conditions. The main goal of this paper is to present the ways, solutions and answers that were offered to these unexpected challenges and to explore how the participants in the project perceive the teaching activities within the project conducted by means of online platforms and tools with reference to improvements achieved in their knowledge and skills within the respective project activity. The method used in the research is a survey administered online among the participants of the Jean Monnet Project LEULEX. In the introductory part of the paper, the author, who is a coordinator and a contact person of the project, presents the Jean Monnet Module LEULEX and defines its main idea, goals and the planned outcomes of the project. The main part of the paper is dedicated to description of the implementation of the project that was adapted to the new Covid-19 pandemic situation. The results of the survey conducted among the project participants relating to implementation of online teaching tools, platforms, and technologies are discussed and analysed with reference to the outcomes of the project. In the closing part to the paper, conclusions are drawn on benefits and shortcomings of the changed approach to implementation of the project activities in the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic, which has strongly influenced private and professional lives of the people all around the world.
Biomaterials and technologies in the management of periprosthetic infection after total hip arthroplasty: An updated review
Authors: Khalifa Ahmed A. , Bakr Hatem M. , Farouk Osama A.
Published: July 2021

Although total hip arthroplasty (THA) is considered one of the most efficacious procedures for managing various hip conditions, failures due to different mechanisms are still being reported. Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the devastating causes of failure and revision of THA. PJI carries a burden on the patient, the surgeon, and the health-care system. The diagnosis and management of PJIs carry many morbidities and increased treatment costs. The development of PJI is multifactorial, including issues related to the patient’s general condition, the surgeon’s efficiency, surgical technique, and the implants used. Recent advances in the area of diagnosis and predicting PJI as well as introducing new technologies and biomaterials update for the prevention and treatment of PJI. Local implant coatings, advancement in the bearing surfaces technologies, and new technologies such as immunotherapy and bacteriophage therapy were introduced and suggested as contemporary PJI eradication solutions. In this review, we aimed at discussing some of the newly introduced materials and technologies for the sake of PJI control.
Influence of vitreoretinal traction localization on horseshoe tear configuration and risk of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Doga A.V. , Kryl L.A. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Taevere M.R. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow
Published: July 2021

Purpose. To evaluate the relationship between the shape of horseshoe tear and the localization of vitreoretinal tractions (VRT) using methods of the peripheral vitreoretinal interface visualization and classify horseshoe tears by shape for surgical planning. Material and methods. We studied horseshoe tears parameters of 52 patients (52 eyes). The localization of VRT was determined by wide-field OCT, the horseshoe tear shape was determined as the ratio of length to width of the tear (l/b) by multispectral laser scanning. The ratio of the obtained data was evaluated by the Spearman correlation analysis. We used Ward's method of hierarchical clustering to classify the horseshoe tears by shape. The obtained data were used to perform YAG- laser excision of the vitreoretinal adhesion zone in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment as part of the combined microinvasive laser-surgical technology. Results. The l/b ratio ranged from 1/4 to 3/1. A strong negative correlation has been revealed between the horseshoe tear shape and the fixation of vitreoretinal tractions (rs -0.95; p <0.05). Horseshoe tears were identified in 4 groups using Ward's method of clustering. Each group corresponded to a specific localization of VRT. The extension of VRT beyond the tear was associated with a high risk of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Conclusion. A significant correlation has been found between the studied factors confirm the possibility of using data on the horseshoe tear shape for an approximate evaluation of vitreoretinal adhesion localization. The obtained data allows to determine the exact VRT excision zone when performing combined laser-surgical technology without the need for preoperative wide-field OCT. Key words: rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, wide-field OCT, horseshoe tear, vitreoretinal traction, YAG – laser retinotomy.
Electromagnetic Radiations on the Functional Potential of Spermatozoa
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Prathyusha Engineering College, Chennai-602025, India, P Dhasarathan , MG Elizabeth Mathew ,   Department of Biotechnology, Prathyusha Engineering College, Chennai-602025, India, AJ Athinarayanan ,   Department of Biotechnology, Prathyusha Engineering College, Chennai-602025, India, A Ranjitsingh ,   Department of Biotechnology, Prathyusha Engineering College, Chennai-602025, India
Published: July 2021

The growing exposure to digital communication system and tools leads to radiation toxicity to the users. Unaware of the safety measures even a kid at the age of one starts operating digital gadgets emitting Radio frequencyelectromagnetic radiations. Radiations from mobile phones laptops, note pad, Wi-Fi or other devices are reported to be harmful beyond the permissible limit. So there is a growing concern for the overall health, reproductive, and hormonal functions. Experimental studies were conducted by using a Wi-Fi network active laptop and live spermatozoa. The exposure of sperms to the source of EMF showed that the activity of the live sperms got reduced and mortality was observed depending on the exposure duration and the distance from EMF sources. After 5h of exposure to RF-EMF source the semen quality changed when compared with control. The vitality of sperm in the control was 95±1.0 after 2 hr and it was reduced to 60±1.5 percent at a distance of 1cm and 55±2.2 percent at a distance of 10 cm. After 5 hour exposure, the vitality was reduced to 63±1.86 at 1 cm distance and 70±1.42 at 10 cm distance. The reduction in vitality of sperm after exposure to RF-EMF source for 2 hour was 35% at 1cm and 40% at 10cm distance.
Fortuitous Discovery of a Bochdalek Hernia in an Adult
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco, L Khadija , A Hajar ,   Department of Radiology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco, EF Jamal ,   Department of Radiology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco, EN Issam ,   Department of Radiology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
Published: July 2021

Bochdalek hernia is the most common type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. It is due to a defect in the posterior attachment of the diaphragm muscle, subsequent to a failure of pleuroperitoneal membrane closure in utero. Bochdalek hernia is often asymptomatic in adults, hence, it is fortuitously discovered as an incidental finding on CT scan. Alternatively, it may be diagnosed only after complications occur, such as empyema, cardiac tamponade and gastrointestinal strangulation. CT usually demonstrates a fatty mass above the diaphragm (Figure 1: arrow), which may be associated with other organs entrapment. Coronal and sagittal reformatted images show the diaphragmatic defect (Figure 2: arrows).
Three complete plant-pollinator networks along a secondary successional gradient in critically endangered Renosterveld, South Africa
Authors: Cowan Oliver , Anderson Pippin
Published: July 2021

Despite the global recognition of the importance of pollination as an ecosystem function, there remains a dearth of community level studies on the African continent. Here we present three complete pollination networks, along a secondary successional gradient, in critically endangered Renosterveld vegetation within an agri-environment, South Africa. Site selection was based on historical land-use and contemporary vegetation data resulting in a pristine site, a late successional site where agriculture was halted >15 years ago, and an early successional site where agriculture was halted <five years ago. In total, 240 hours of pollinator-plant observations were recorded over a single flowering season. The pristine site was highly specialised in comparison to global datasets – most likely as a result of relative climatic stability through the Quaternary which allowed specialisation to manifest and persist. Both non-pristine sites showed noticeable differences in characteristics when expressed through network indices; however, the early successional site was closer in nature to the pristine site as a result of vegetation structure. Notwithstanding a lack of replication across the successional gradient precluding robust statistical analyses, this study provides important data which allows for the comparison of pollination dynamics in an understudied and vulnerable vegetation type, to plant-pollinator networks at the global and regional scale. In addition, apparent changes to network indices as a result of habitat alteration, suggest that successional trajectory plays an important role in pollination dynamics.
Comparison of flower-visiting behaviour of bumblebees and swallowtail butterflies to the Japanese azalea (Rhododendron japonicum)
Authors: Takahashi Keigo , Itino Takao
Published: July 2021

Examination of the efficacy of pollinators that are not morphologically matched to a flower’s shape can deepen our understanding of the main pollinators of a plant species. In central Japan, Rhododendron japonicum is visited much more frequently by bumblebees than by butterflies although its flower shape is more suited for pollination by large butterflies. Here, we observed flower-visiting behaviour of Bombus diversus queens and the alpine black swallowtail butterfly, Papilio maackii, and compared their efficacy as pollinators. Papilio maackii always touched the stigma during a flower visit, whereas B. diversus queens did so during just 54% of their flower visits. As bumblebees visit neighboring flowers of a R. japonicum tree in sequence not like Papilio maackii, we hypothesized that they deliver self pollen to R. japonicum so that the fruit set would be low. However, the fruit set in a bumblebee-dominated area was 72.5%, significantly higher than that by hand-pollination with self pollen (31.4%). This suggests that R. japonicum can obtain sufficient fruits by B. diversus queens although its flower shape morphologically matches to pollination by swallowtail butterflies.
Aneriophora aureorufa (Philippi, 1865) (Diptera: Syrphidae): a fly specialized in the pollination of Eucryphia cordifolia Cav. (Cunoniaceae R. Br.), an endemic species of South American temperate forest
Authors: Smith Cecilia , Vieli Lorena , Barahona-Segovia Rodrigo
Published: July 2021

The order Diptera is the second most important group of pollinators worldwide. Many flies are considered generalist pollinators, but specialist flower flies’ associations are rare or uncommon. The present study aimed to determine the level of specialization in pollination for Aneriophora aureorufa (Philippi, 1865) (Diptera: Syrphidae), an endemic species of the South American temperate forests. The study evaluates also the species abundance in different sampling sites and environments. Our data suggest that Aneriophora aureorufa has an exclusive and extremely narrow association with the flowers of Eucryphia cordifolia Cav.¸ an endemic Chilean species. We reviewed the literature on Chilean pollinator species searching for information about Aneriophora Stuardo & Cortés 1952 and compared its exclusive association with other specialist flies. We conducted long-term fieldwork for 22 years in one location during the flowering season and over a period of one to six years in five additional locations. In our field study we recorded all insects which had contact with stigma and/or stamens of 25 plant species. We found that Aneriophora visits flowers of E. cordifolia in both low absolute abundance and low relative percentage, and occasionally visits flowers of two other species. In the northern distributional range of A. aureorufa, where E. cordifolia is absent, the hoverfly was recorded in flowers of Laurelia sempervirens (Ruiz & Pav.) Tul. (Chilean laurel, Atherospermataceae), but in low frequency (0.01 flowers/min). In a site where we have a long-term study, A. aureorufa represented only 0.2% of all flower visitors, and its abundance was higher in canopy forests, visiting 0.03 flowers/min. Based on our observations and the literature review we propose that (1) Aneriophora is one of the most specialized pollinator flies described until now; (2) the species is more frequent in old-growth forests than in forest edges or isolated trees.
Pollination of Nypa fruticans (Wurmb.) in a South Florida botanic garden
Authors: Valdes Imena , Tucker Lima Joanna M , Noblick Larry R
Published: July 2021

When plants are removed from their native habitat, reproduction can be compromised if pollinators are absent, especially when plant-pollinator interactions are species-specific and the plant is self-incompatible. To avoid these pitfalls, botanic gardens often use hand pollination to ensure reproductive success of their living collections, an important aspect of ex-situ conservation. The nipa palm, Nypa fruticans, presents an interesting case study of pollination in a botanic garden and a plant’s ability to successfully reproduce outside its native range without assisted pollination. Nypa fruticans has been growing at Montgomery Botanical Center (MBC) in South Florida since 1984, but for years required hand pollination to produce viable fruit. A recent shift from hand pollination to unassisted pollination suggests that this palm has found an alternative to fertilize its flowers. We investigate possible pollinators and new opportunities for pollination outside the palm’s native range. Rather than the insects typically associated with N. fruticans pollination in its native range in Southeast Asia (i.e., flies and beetles), ants, specifically Paratrechina longicornis, were overwhelmingly the most abundant visitors to nipa palm inflorescences at MBC and likely represent an important pollinator or facilitator of pollination at the garden. Pollination research at botanic gardens complements in-situ field studies and provides important insights into the flexibility of pollination systems to achieve reproductive success outside a plant’s native range.
Werk ohne Autor? Die Suche nach dem großen deutschen Roman in der Gegenwartsliteratur
Authors: Braun Michael
Published: July 2021

Der „große deutsche Roman“, ein feuilletonistisches Schlagwort, ist ein Wunschbild, in dem seit den 1990er Jahren Erwartungen der Literaturkritik und der Anspruch auf nationale Repräsentanz zusammenfließen. Der Beitrag untersucht, wie es zu dieser Werkphantasie gekommen ist und was sie in der deutschen Gegenwartsliteratur angerichtet hat. Der ‚große deutsche Roman‘, so die an Grass‘ Ein weites Feld und Pleschinskis Brabant (beide 1995) entwickelte These, ist ein Werk, das die Konzepte von Größe, von deutschen Traditionen und von Autorschaft in unterschiedlichen Modellen diskutiert.
Tendenzen in der wissenschaftlichen Interpretation des Polenbildes in der deutschen Literatur nach 1989. Am Beispiel von Olaf Müllers Roman "Schlesisches Wetter"
Authors: Brandt Marion
Published: July 2021

Die Autorin sichtet neuere Studien zu literarischen Imaginationen von Polen und stellt die beiden dominierenden Forschungstendenzen vor, laut denen die deutsche Literatur nach 1989 tradierte, oftmals stereotype Images von Polen entweder fortsetzt oder sie – zumindest teilweise – abbaut. Diese Perspektiven werden anhand zweier Interpretationen von Olaf Müllers Roman Schlesisches Wetter charakterisiert. Im dritten Teil des Beitrags präsentiert die Verfasserin eine eigene Lesart des Romans auf der Grundlage der postkolonialen Theorie.
EKSPLORASI PARIWISATA PEDESAAN DI HUTAN DESA MERABU, BERAU (INDONESIA)
Authors: Roy Juliansyah , Hadjaat Michael , Darma Dio Caisar , ZA Saida Zainurossalamia , Kasuma Jati
Published: July 2021

Tourism has adapted rapidly in various worlds, including Indonesia, and created significant harmonization for economic, social, and cultural uses. Since the change in the status of the village forest (HD) in 2014, it is hoped that it will become an opportunity for Merabu Village to increase the productivity of agriculture, livestock, and tourist destinations. The focus of this study is to explore the tourism potential of Merabu Village. We obtained data sets through interviews, FGDs, and field observations of a number of informants who predominantly work as farmers. The trend of tourist visits every year is also increasing and especially rural-tourism is managed by Kerima Puri. Since the beginning of the presence of domestic tourists and foreign tourists, there have been tour boat services that took them to the gate of Nya’deng Lake, homestays, food providers, and various traditional attractions (cultural festivals). As a rural tourism area, HD has a positive impact on local residents to be involved in rural-tourism development. This finding also hopes for a real contribution from relevant parties to advance the rural-tourism of Merabu Village
Penerapan Positive Routine dan Graduated Extinction untuk Menurunkan Perilaku Co-Sleeping pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Azka Faradila , Tjakrawiralaksana Mita Aswanti
Published: July 2021

Co-sleeping merupakan solusi jangka pendek yang efektif terhadap anak dengan kesulitan menginisiasi tidur (sleep onset). Pada sisi lain, co-sleeping berkorelasi dengan kemungkinan lebih tinggi untuk terbangun di malam hari (night waking), durasi tidur yang lebih pendek, penolakan yang lebih tinggi untuk tidur, dan kualitas tidur yang lebih rendah. Intervensi yang paling efektif dalam mengatasi co-sleeping adalah modifikasi perilaku. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efektivitas penerapan teknik-teknik modifikasi perilaku yang paling banyak digunakan dalam mengatasi co-sleeping, yaitu; positive routine dan extinction. Selain teknik-teknik tersebut, edukasi orang tua, pemberian feedback, dan reinforcement juga dilakukan dalam program ini. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah seorang anak berusia 5 tahun dengan masalah co-sleeping. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa penerapan teknik-teknik tersebut memiliki efektivitas yang baik untuk menurunkan perilaku co-sleeping pada anak usia dini. Anak berhasil tidur sendiri, juga menunjukkan penurunan durasi sleep onset dan night waking. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang mendukung pelaksanaan intervensi ini; positive routine yang terbangun dengan baik sejak anak masih bayi, anak yang terbiasa melakukan aktivitas fisik secara rutin, gaya pengasuhan orang tua, juga penguasaan anak terhadap teknik relaksasi.

Kata Kunci: modifikasi perilaku, co-sleeping, graduated extinction, positive routine, sleep training
A Four Stage Framework for the Development of a Research Problem Statement in Doctoral Dissertations
Authors: Ali Azad , Pandya Shardul
Published: July 2021

Aim/Purpose: Provide methodology suggesting steps to doctoral mentors to work with students in constructing their research problem statement in their dissertation.

Background: Writing a doctoral dissertation is a long journey, and it typically starts with writing the research problem statement. Students face challenges in articulating the research problem statement. Clearly articulating the research problems statement influences the success of the entire dissertation.

Methodology: This paper uses a widely used framework to describe student adjustment to graduate studies in general and to doctoral programs in particular.

Contribution: This study provides a framework for mentors and advisors to assist them in guiding students in writing their research problem statement.

Findings: Writing a research problem statement is difficult by itself. Following the methodological approach suggested in this study will help students with the task of writing their own.

Recommendations for Practitioners: A methodological approach to writing a research problem statement is helpful in mitigating the difficulties of writing the dissertation. This study tackles the difficulties with writing the research problem statement.

Recommendation for Researchers: More research needs to be done to expand the use of a methodological approach to writing in other sections of the dissertation.

Impact on Society: The findings of this research will help doctoral mentors/advisors as they guide students in completing the writing of their research problem statement

Future Research: Future research should follow a similar methodological approach in guiding students in writing the other sections of the dissertation
The Influence of Ethical Leadership on Ethical Behavior Mediated by Ethical Climate at Government Institutions in Aceh Indonesia
Authors: Samka Nurainun , Chan Syafruddin , Heriyana Heriyana , Rasyimah Rasyimah
Published: July 2021

The objective of this study is to identify the influence of ethical leadership on the ethical behavior of government officers in Aceh Province that mediated by ethical climate. The ethical leadership variable of moral person and moral manager are employed as exogenous variables, while the ethical leadership is as endogenous variable, then the ethical climate of caring and law and code is employed as both mediation and exogenous variables. The subject of this research is the officers in several government institutions in Aceh Province. The data was collected through a survey method and the hypotheses were tested using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The result of this study identified that ethical leadership has positive influence on ethical climate and there is a direct influence of ethical leadership on ethical behavior. However, the influence between ethical leadership and ethical behavior of the officers is not mediated by ethical climate.
Configuraciones y autorepresentaciones digitales de género y masculinidad en Tinder
Authors: Rodríguez Cruz Manjarrez Lénica , Albertín Carbó Pilar
Published: July 2021

Tinder es un espacio digital con contenido y categorías predefinidas para su uso e interacción. Desde la presentación de un perfil heterosexual, el espacio coloca al sistema sexo -género binario como punto de partida en la producción y reproducción del discurso de la masculinidad, que de manera hegemónica y dominante se construye en las sociedades occidentales. Ese modelo se funda en el privilegio y el éxito del estereotipo de hombre blanco y heterosexual, que goza de un amplio espectro de movilidad económica y social en la esfera pública contemporánea. El presente artículo es el resultado y análisis de una muestra de perfiles de hombres heterosexuales que se presentan en Tinder, en Barcelona, España. Para ello conjugamos elementos de la etnografía digital, los estudios visuales, psicosociales, y del discurso multimodal. Observamos que, desde el avatar digital de presentación, los hombres heterosexuales muestran cómo la representación de esa preferencia sexual es performada y autorepresentada, produciendo un contenido estrechamente relacionado con discursos y configuraciones de género y masculinidad; ampliamente reavivados, reafirmados y producidos en la comunicación mediática y digital de esta época.
Xenofobia y racismo hacia (y por) inmigrantes venezolanos residentes en Perú a través de Twitter
Authors: Santos Alvarado Orlando Nikolai
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo examinar las formas de la exteriorización discursiva de la xenofobia y el racismo de los internautas peruanos hacia los inmigrantes venezolanos residentes en Perú a través de Twitter, así como las respuestas a los discursos xenófobos y racistas que exteriorizan los internautas inmigrantes u otros internautas peruanos. Para llevar a cabo este propósito se usaron algoritmos de web-scraping escritos en el lenguaje R. Asimismo, la gran cantidad de información recogida permitió dividir el análisis en dos etapas; la primera fue cuantitativa (análisis descriptivo), y la segunda fue cualitativa (análisis de contenido). Los resultados indican que la xenofobia y el racismo afectan de manera diferenciada a la población femenina inmigrante respecto del total de la población inmigrante. Además, se encontró que discursivamente la xenofobia y el racismo siguen dos direcciones, de los internautas peruanos hacia los inmigrantes y de los internautas inmigrantes hacia los peruanos. Como conclusión, se bosquejan posibles líneas de investigación que podrían surgir de este análisis pionero sobre la xenofobia y el racismo en Perú.
El sector de electrodomésticos de Nuevo León y un análisis teórico de los factores que influyen el desarrollo de proveedores nacionales por parte de las empresas multinacionales
Authors: Velarde Moreno Oscar Elí , Blanco Jiménez Mónica , Guerra Moya Sergio Armando
Published: July 2021

Abstract: The impact of multinational subsidiaries or Foreign Direct Investment in host economies had been subject of debate for years (Hirschman, 1958). Recently the researchers and government institutions in México are being attracted to the subject because of the interest on the impact of foreign multinational subsidiaries that operate as an anchor company of a value chain, and more specifically in the local supplier development.The purpose of this investigation is to analyze the home appliance sector in México and NuevoLeón, presenting the statistical data and a theoretical framework of supplier development in order to set a model for further investigations.Keywords: exportations, foreign direct investment, home appliance, multinationals, supplier development.JEL: F230, F630Resumen: El impacto de las empresas multinacionales o la inversión extranjera directa en los países huéspedes ha sido un sujeto de debate durante años (Hirschman, 1958). Recientemente, las instituciones gubernamentales se han sentido atraídas al tema debido al  interés por saber el impacto de las subsidiarias extranjeras que operan como empresa ancla en las cadenas de valor, y más específicamente desarrollando proveedores nacionales. El propósito de esta investigación será hacer un análisis del sector de electrodomésticos en nuevo Por lo que se presentará primero la evolución estadística del sector de electrodomésticos para luego hacer una revisión teórica de la literatura referente al desarrollo de proveedores con el objetivo de establecer un modelo para investigaciones futuras.Palabras claves: desarrollo de proveedores, electrodomésticos, exportaciones, inversión extranjera directa, multinacionales.
Evolución del concepto de calidad y los modelos de medición de calidad en el servicio (Evolution of the concept of quality and service quality measurement models)
Authors: Cruz Sánchez Arlet Abigail , Orduña Carlos María Dalia , Álvarez Hernández José Gerardo
Published: July 2021

Abstract. This article starts with the concept of quality and service, to explain the evolution of the concept of quality. It shows how quality in the service has been an issue that has been the subject of several investigations, a literary review of the quality of service models that have been developed in the quest to quantify intangible goods is presented. Finally, we present some empirical research that has addressed the issue of quality in services.Key words: measuring models, quality, quality service, relational capital, service, social capitalJEL: M10, M31Resumen. Este articulo parte desde el concepto de calidad y servicio, hasta explicar la evolución que ha tenido el concepto de calidad. Se muestra como la calidad en el servicio ha sido un tema que ha sido motivo de diversas investigaciones, se presenta una revisión literaria de los modelos de medición de la calidad en el servicio que se han desarrollado en la búsqueda por cuantificar los bienes intangibles, por último se presentan algunas investigaciones empíricas que han abordado el tema de la calidad en los servicios.Palabras clave: calidad en el servicio, capital relacional, capital social, modelos de medición, servicio
“Why Did I Really Want to Coach? To Help Girls”:
Authors: Fittes Alanna
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate women coaches’ experiences in high-performance rugby union. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four women who had experience coaching at the representative, university, and/or international level. Informed by a Foucauldian feminism, the analysis revealed how disciplinary power, the formation of dominant knowledges, and the pervasiveness of surveillance operated in a deeply masculine environment of high-performance rugby. This study provides an in-depth examination of femininity, masculinity, and what it means to be a woman leader in the world of high-performance rugby union.
The Regional Industrial Symbiosis Model for Industrialized Construction Ecosystem
Authors: Liu Gui-wen , Li Kai-jian , Teng Yue
Published: July 2021

Industrialized construction, which utilizes principles associated with factory production, can considerably improve productivity, quality, and service life of building while reduce cost, energy consumption and environmental impact. China government has committed sustainable development and promoted industrialized construction through legislative acts. The number of industrialized public houses in China has rapidly grown to over 3 million per year. However, the ecosystem of industrialized construction of China is still in the infant stage: hesitating stakeholders, sporadic manufacturing, and incomplete industry chain. The aim of this paper is thus to achieve an in-depth understanding of the whole ecosystem of industrialized construction in China. There are four research objectives of this paper: (1) to analyze the symbiotic mechanisms of it based on industrial ecology theory; (2) to build the Regional Industrial Symbiosis (RIS) model of industrialized construction ecosystem based on synergetics theory; (3) to explore the evolutionary trajectories based on the RIS model by simulating the evolutionary trajectory of symbiotic units and analyzing the stable symbiotic point. This paper presented the symbiotic mechanism and four relationships between the populations of industrialized construction ecosystem. It could contribute to the prediction of the evolutionary trajectory of industrialized construction and achieve the policy formulation and implementation.
BIM-Integrated Simulation of Construction Operations for Lean Production Management
Authors: Chang SooWon , Son JeongWook , Jeong WoonSeong , Yi June-Seong
Published: July 2021

As construction projects become larger and more complex, traditional construction planning and control practice which relies on historical data and heuristic adjustment can no longer produce a plan that incorporates all the managerial details such as productivity dynamics. In addition, the plan, more often than not, does not synchronize with the procurement schedule; as a result, the whole supply chain has failed to accomplish expected level of efficiency. In these regards, this paper presents a simulation framework that can not only predict productivity dynamics by considering factors affecting on productivity at the operational level, but also automatically generate a procurement plan harmonizing with the simulation results for reliable production management. We developed APIs for the framework 1) enabling a BIM model to produce input data for the construction operation simulation; 2) composing construction simulation in operational level; 3) facilitating the productivity prediction by providing BIMintegrated construction simulation models. The simulation framework had tested with structural steel erection cases. The results show that we can expect significant improvement of efficiency along supply chain including optimized resource allocation, schedule reliability increase, storage cost saving, and material loss reduction.