bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rogue waves lead to the instability in GaN semiconductors
Authors: Yahia M. E. , Tolba R. E. , El-Bedwehy N. A. , El-Labany S. K. , Moslem W. M.
Published: July 2015

A new approach to understand the electron/hole interfaced plasma in GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). A quantum hydrodynamic model is constructed to include electrons/holes degenerate pressure, Bohm potential and the exchange/correlation effect and then reduced to the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE). Numerical analysis of the latter predicts the rough (in)stability domains, which allow for the rogue waves to occur. Our results might give physical solution rather than the engineering one to the intrinsic problems in these high frequency/power transistors.
Graphene mobility mapping
Authors: Buron Jonas D. , Pizzocchero Filippo , Jepsen Peter U. , Petersen Dirch H. , Caridad José M. , Jessen Bjarke S. , Booth Timothy J. , Bøggild Peter
Published: July 2015

Carrier mobility and chemical doping level are essential figures of merit for graphene and large-scale characterization of these properties and their uniformity is a prerequisite for commercialization of graphene for electronics and electrodes. However, existing mapping techniques cannot directly assess these vital parameters in a non-destructive way. By deconvoluting carrier mobility and density from non-contact terahertz spectroscopic measurements of conductance in graphene samples with terahertz-transparent backgates, we are able to present maps of the spatial variation of both quantities over large areas. The demonstrated non-contact approach provides a drastically more efficient alternative to measurements in contacted devices, with potential for aggressive scaling towards wafers/minute. The observed linear relation between conductance and carrier density in chemical vapour deposition graphene indicates dominance by charged scatterers. Unexpectedly, significant variations in mobility rather than doping are the cause of large conductance inhomogeneities, highlighting the importance of statistical approaches when assessing large-area graphene transport properties.
A large-scale in vivo RNAi screen to identify genes involved in Notch-mediated follicle cell differentiation and cell cycle switches
Authors: Jia Dongyu , Soylemez Muhammed , Calvin Gabriel , Bornmann Randy , Bryant Jamal , Hanna Cameron , Huang Yi-Chun , Deng Wu-Min
Published: July 2015

During Drosophila oogenesis, follicle cells sequentially undergo three distinct cell-cycle programs: the mitotic cycle, endocycle and gene amplification. Notch signaling plays a central role in regulating follicle-cell differentiation and cell-cycle switches; its activation is essential for the mitotic cycle/endocycle (M/E) switch. Cut, a linker between Notch signaling and cell-cycle regulators, is specifically downregulated by Notch during the endocycle stage. To determine how signaling pathways coordinate during the M/E switch and to identify novel genes involved in follicle cell differentiation, we performed an in vivo RNAi screen through induced knockdown of gene expression and examination of Cut expression in follicle cells. We screened 2205 RNAi lines and found 33 genes regulating Cut expression during the M/E switch. These genes were confirmed with the staining of two other Notch signaling downstream factors, Hindsight and Broad and validated with multiple independent RNAi lines. We applied gene ontology software to find enriched biological meaning and compared our results with other publications to find conserved genes across tissues. Specifically, we found earlier endocycle entry in anterior follicle cells than those in the posterior, identified that the insulin-PI3K pathway participates in the precise M/E switch and suggested Nejire as a cofactor of Notch signaling during oogenesis.
What have we learned from global change manipulative experiments in China? A meta-analysis
Authors: Fu Zheng , Niu Shuli , Dukes Jeffrey S.
Published: July 2015

Although China has the largest population in the world, a faster rate of warming than the global average and an active global change research program, results from many of the global change experiments in Chinese terrestrial ecosystems have not been included in global syntheses. Here, we specifically analyze the observed responses of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling in global change manipulative experiments in China and compare these responses to those from other regions of the world. Most global change factors, vegetation types and treatment methods that have been studied or used elsewhere in the world have also been studied and applied in China. The responses of terrestrial ecosystem C and N cycles to N addition and climate warming in China are similar in both direction and intensity to those reported in global syntheses. In Chinese ecosystems as elsewhere, N addition significantly increased aboveground (AGB) and belowground biomass (BGB), litter mass, dissolved organic C, net ecosystem productivity (NEP) and gross ecosystem productivity (GEP). Warming stimulated AGB, BGB and the root-shoot ratio. Increasing precipitation accelerated GEP, NEP, microbial respiration, soil respiration and ecosystem respiration. Our findings complement and support previous global syntheses and provide insight into regional responses to global change.
Therapeutic potential of digitoflavone on diabetic nephropathy: nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-dependent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect
Authors: Yang Yang , Chen Gang , Cheng Xiaolan , Teng Zhiying , Cai Xueting , Yang Jie , Sun Xiaoyan , Lu Wuguang , Wang Xiaoning , Yao Yuanzhang , Hu Chunping , Cao Peng
Published: July 2015

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has emerged as a therapeutic target in many diseases, because it can induce antioxidant enzymes and other cytoprotective enzymes. Moreover, some Nrf2 activators have strong anti-inflammatory activities. Oxidative stress and inflammation are major components involved in the pathology of diabetic nephropathy. In the present study, we evaluated the Nrf2-dependent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of digitoflavone in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy. The molecular mechanisms of digitoflavone were investigated in vitro using SV40-transformed mouse mesangial cells (SV40-Mes13). For the in vivo experiment, diabetes was induced in Nrf2+/+ and Nrf2−/− mice by STZ injection and digitoflavone was administered 2 weeks after the STZ injection. Digitoflavone induced Nrf2 activation and decreased oxidative damage, inflammation, TGF-β1 expression, extracellular matrix protein expression and mesangial cell hyperplasia in SV40-Mes13 cells. Digitoflavone-treated Nrf2+/+ mice, but not Nrf2−/− mice, showed attenuated common metabolic disorder symptoms, improved renal performance, minimized pathological alterations and decreased oxidative damage, inflammatory gene expression, inflammatory cell infiltration, TGF-β1 expression and extracellular matrix protein expression. Our results show that the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of digitoflavone are mediated by Nrf2 activation and that digitoflavone can be used therapeutically to improve metabolic disorders and relieve renal damage induced by diabetes.
Electric-field-induced Spontaneous Magnetization and Phase Transitions in Zigzag Boron Nitride Nanotubes
Authors: Bai Lang , Gu Gangxu , Xiang Gang , Zhang Xi
Published: July 2015

We demonstrate an alternative scheme for realizing spin polarizations in semiconductor nanostructures by an all-electric way. The electronic and magnetic properties of the model system, zigzag pristine boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs), are investigated under a transverse electric field (E) through spin-polarized density functional theory calculations. As E increases, the band gap of BNNTs is reduced due to charge redistribution induced by the asymmetry of electrostatic potential energy and BNNTs experience rich phase transitions, such as semiconductor-metal transition and nonmagnetic (NM) metal-ferromagnetic (FM) metal transitions. Electric-field-induced magnetization occurs when a sufficiently high density of states at the Fermi level in the vicinity of metal-insulator transition is reached due to the redistribution of electronic bands and charge transferring across the BNNTs. Further analysis show that the spontaneous magnetization is derived from the localized nature of the 2p states of B and N and the ferromagnetic coupling is stabilized by Zener’s double-exchange mechanism. Our results may provide a viable way to realize spintronic devices for applications.
Magnetic frustration, short-range correlations and the role of the paramagnetic Fermi surface of PdCrO2
Authors: Billington David , Ernsting David , Millichamp Thomas E. , Lester Christopher , Dugdale Stephen B. , Kersh David , Duffy Jonathan A. , Giblin Sean R. , Taylor Jonathan W. , Manuel Pascal , Khalyavin Dmitry D. , Takatsu Hiroshi
Published: July 2015

Frustrated interactions exist throughout nature, with examples ranging from protein folding through to frustrated magnetic interactions. Whilst magnetic frustration is observed in numerous electrically insulating systems, in metals it is a rare phenomenon. The interplay of itinerant conduction electrons mediating interactions between localised magnetic moments with strong spin-orbit coupling is likely fundamental to these systems. Therefore, knowledge of the precise shape and topology of the Fermi surface is important in any explanation of the magnetic behaviour. PdCrO2, a frustrated metallic magnet, offers the opportunity to examine the relationship between magnetic frustration, short-range magnetic order and Fermi surface topology. By mapping the short-range order in reciprocal space and experimentally determining the electronic structure, we have identified the dual role played by the Cr electrons in which the itinerant ones on the nested paramagnetic Fermi surface mediate the frustrated magnetic interactions between local moments.
Intrinsic Polarization and Tunable Color of Electroluminescence from Organic Single Crystal-based Light-Emitting Devices
Authors: Ding Ran , Feng Jing , Zhou Wei , Zhang Xu-Lin , Fang Hong-Hua , Yang Tong , Wang Hai-Yu , Hotta Shu , Sun Hong-Bo
Published: July 2015

A single crystal-based organic light-emitting device (OLED) with intrinsically polarized and color-tunable electroluminescence (EL) has been demonstrated without any subsequent treatment. The polarization ratio of 5:1 for the transversal-electric (TE) and transversal-magnetic (TM) polarization at the emission peak of 575 nm and 4.7:1 for the TM to TE polarization at the emission peak of 635 nm, respectively, have been obtained. The emitting color is tunable between yellow, yellow-green and orange by changing the polarization angle. The polarized EL and the polarization-induced color tunability can be attributed to the anisotropic microcavity formed by the BP3T crystal with uniaxial alignment of the molecules.
MicroRNA-124 and -137 cooperativity controls caspase-3 activity through BCL2L13 in hippocampal neural stem cells
Authors: Schouten Marijn , Fratantoni Silvina A. , Hubens Chantal J. , Piersma Sander R. , Pham Thang V. , Bielefeld Pascal , Voskuyl Rob A. , Lucassen Paul J. , Jimenez Connie R. , Fitzsimons Carlos P.
Published: July 2015

Adult neurogenesis continuously contributes new neurons to hippocampal circuits and the programmed death of a subset of immature cells provides a primary mechanism controlling this contribution. Epileptic seizures induce strong structural changes in the hippocampus, including the induction of adult neurogenesis, changes in gene expression and mitochondrial dysfunction, which may all contribute to epileptogenesis. However, a possible interplay between this factors remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigated gene expression changes in the hippocampal dentate gyrus shortly after prolonged seizures induced by kainic acid, focusing on mitochondrial functions. Using comparative proteomics, we identified networks of proteins differentially expressed shortly after seizure induction, including members of the BCL2 family and other mitochondrial proteins. Within these networks, we report for the first time that the atypical BCL2 protein BCL2L13 controls caspase-3 activity and cytochrome C release in neural stem/progenitor cells. Furthermore, we identify BCL2L13 as a novel target of the cooperative action of microRNA-124 and microRNA-137, both upregulated shortly after seizure induction. This cooperative microRNA-mediated fine-tuning of BCL2L13 expression controls casp3 activity, favoring non-apoptotic caspase-3 functions in NSPC exposed to KA and thereby may contribute to the early neurogenic response to epileptic seizures in the dentate gyrus.
RE-IIBP Methylates H3K79 and Induces MEIS1-mediated Apoptosis via H2BK120 Ubiquitination by RNF20
Authors: Woo Park Jin , Kim Kee-Beom , Kim Ji-Young , Chae Yun-Cheol , Jeong Oh-Seok , Seo Sang-Beom
Published: July 2015

Histone lysine methylation contributes to transcriptional regulation by serving as a platform for the recruitment of various cofactors. Intense studies have been conducted for elucidating the functional meaning of H3K79 methylation and to date, the only known HMTase responsible for the modification was DOT1L. In this study, we report that the MMSET isoform RE-IIBP has HMTase activity for H3K79. It was uncovered that RE-IIBP up-regulates MEIS1 transcription through H3K79 methylation via recruitment to the MEIS1 promoter. By means of proteomic and biochemical analysis, association of RE-IIBP with the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF20 was demonstrated for synergistic activation of MEIS1 transcription via H3K79 HMTase activity. Furthermore, It was observed that RE-IIBP induces MEIS1-mediated apoptosis, which was dependent on H2BK120 ubiquitination by RNF20. These findings suggest RE-IIBP as another candidate for further studies to elucidate the mechanism of H3K79 methylation and its biological functions.
Hypoxia-inducible miR-182 enhances HIF1α signaling via targeting PHD2 and FIH1 in prostate cancer
Authors: Li Yan , Zhang Duo , Wang Xiaoyun , Yao Xuan , Ye Cheng , Zhang Shengjie , Wang Hui , Chang Cunjie , Xia Hongfeng , Wang Yu-cheng , Fang Jing , Yan Jun , Ying Hao
Published: July 2015

Activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) controls the transcription of genes governing angiogenesis under hypoxic condition during tumorigenesis. Here we show that hypoxia-responsive miR-182 is regulated by HIF1α at transcriptional level. Prolyl hydroxylase domain enzymes (PHD) and factor inhibiting HIF-1 (FIH1), negative regulators of HIF1 signaling, are direct targets of miR-182. Overexpression of miR-182 in prostate cancer cells led to a reduction of PHD2 and FIH1 expression and an increase in HIF1α level either under normoxic or hypoxic condition. Consistently, inhibition of miR-182 could increase PHD2 and FIH1 levels, thereby reducing the hypoxia-induced HIF1α expression. Matrigel plug assay showed that angiogenesis was increased by miR-182 overexpression and vice versa. miR-182 overexpression in PC-3 prostate cancer xenografts decreased PHD2 and FIH1 expression, elevated HIF1α protein levels and increased tumor size. Lastly, we revealed that the levels of both miR-182 and HIF1α were elevated, while the expression PHD2 and FIH1 was downregulated in a mouse model of prostate cancer. Together, our results suggest that the interplay between miR-182 and HIF1α could result in a sustained activation of HIF1α pathway, which might facilitate tumor cell adaption to hypoxic stress during prostate tumor progression.
Fluoxetine increases plasticity and modulates the proteomic profile in the adult mouse visual cortex
Authors: Ruiz-Perera L. , Muniz M. , Vierci G. , Bornia N. , Baroncelli L. , Sale A. , Rossi F.M.
Published: July 2015

The scarce functional recovery of the adult CNS following injuries or diseases is largely due to its reduced potential for plasticity, the ability to reorganize neural connections as a function of experience. Recently, some new strategies restoring high levels of plasticity in the adult brain have been identified, especially in the paradigmatic model of the visual system. A chronic treatment with the anti-depressant fluoxetine reinstates plasticity in the adult rat primary visual cortex, inducing recovery of vision in amblyopic animals. The molecular mechanisms underlying this effect remain largely unknown. Here, we explored fluoxetine effects on mouse visual cortical plasticity and exploited a proteomic approach to identify possible candidates mediating the outcome of the antidepressant treatment on adult cortical plasticity. We showed that fluoxetine restores ocular dominance plasticity in the adult mouse visual cortex and identified 31 differentially expressed protein spots in fluoxetine-treated animals vs. controls. MALDITOF/TOF mass spectrometry identification followed by bioinformatics analysis revealed that these proteins are involved in the control of cytoskeleton organization, endocytosis, molecular transport, intracellular signaling, redox cellular state, metabolism and protein degradation. Altogether, these results indicate a complex effect of fluoxetine on neuronal signaling mechanisms potentially involved in restoring plasticity in the adult brain.
Quantitative determination of target gene with electrical sensor
Authors: Zhang Xuzhi , Li Qiufen , Jin Xianshi , Jiang Cheng , Lu Yong , Tavallaie Roya , Gooding J. Justin
Published: July 2015

Integrating loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D), we have developed an electrical sensor for the simultaneous amplification and detection of specific sequence DNA. Using the O26-wzygene as a model, the amount of initial target gene could be determined via thethreshold timeobtained by monitoring the progression of the LAMP reaction in real time. Using the optimal conditions, a detection limit of 12.5 copy/μL can be obtained within 30 min. Monitoring the LAMP reaction by C4D has not only all the advantages that existing electrochemical methods have, but also additional attractive features including being completely free of carryover contamination risk, high simplicity and extremely low cost. These benefits all arise from the fact that the electrodes are separated from the reaction solution, that is C4D is a contactless method. Hence in proof of principle, the new strategy promises a robust, simple, cost-effective and sensitive method for quantitative determination of a target gene, that is applicable either to specialized labs or at point-of-care.
Large-mode-area single-mode-output Neodymium-doped silicate glass all-solid photonic crystal fiber
Authors: Li Wentao , Chen Danping , Qinling Zhou , Hu Lili
Published: July 2015

We have demonstrated a 45 μm core diameter Neodymium-doped all-solid silicate glass photonic crystal fiber laser with a single mode laser output. The structure parameters and modes information of the fiber are both demonstrated by theoretical calculations using Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method and experimental measurements. Maximum 0.8 W output power limited by launched pump power has been generated in 1064 nm with laser beam quality factor M2 1.18.
A reversed phase HPLC-DAD method for the determination of phenolic compounds in plant leaves
Authors: Zeb Alam
Published: July 2015

A simple, fast and efficient HPLC-DAD method was developed for the determination of phenolic compounds in grape leaves.
Cu-Catalyzed direct cyanation of terminal alkynes with AMBN or AIBN as the cyanation reagent
Authors: Rong Guangwei , Mao Jincheng , Zheng Yang , Yao Ruwei , Xu Xinfang
Published: July 2015

A Cu(ii)-catalyzed direct cyanation of terminal alkynes was reported with broad substrate generality in moderate to high yield.
Palladium(ii)-catalysed regioselective synthesis of 3,4-disubstituted quinolines and 2,3,5-trisubstituted pyrroles from alkenes via anti-Markovnikov selectivity
Authors: Senadi Gopal Chandru , Hu Wan-Ping , Garkhedkar Amol Milind , Boominathan Siva Senthil Kumar , Wang Jeh-Jeng
Published: July 2015

A novel strategy has been identified for the regioselective synthesis of 3,4-disubstituted quinolines and 2,3,5-trisubstituted pyrroles through anti-Markovnikov selectivity.
Anodic electrogenerated chemiluminescence of self-assembled peptide nanotubes in an aqueous system
Authors: Han Xue , Huang Chunxiu , Chen Xu , Lu Yanluo , Yang Wensheng
Published: July 2015

Anodic ECL of a self-assembled peptide nanotube modified electrode in an aqueous system was firstly observed using tri-n-propylamine (TPrA) as a coreactant.
A gold-catalyzed 1,2-acyloxy migration/intramolecular cyclopropanation/ring enlargement cascade: syntheses of medium-sized heterocycles
Authors: Sun Yin-Wei , Tang Xiang-Ying , Shi Min
Published: July 2015

A gold catalyzed 1,2-acyloxy migration/intramolecular cyclopropanation/ring enlargement cascade of furan substrates provides a new highly efficient procedure for the formation of ten and eleven-membered ring compounds. A new transformation type of intermolecular furan compound catalyzed by a gold catalyst was reported.
Visible light mediated efficient oxidative benzylic sp3 C–H to ketone derivatives obtained under mild conditions using O2
Authors: Yi Hong , Bian Changliang , Hu Xia , Niu Linbin , Lei Aiwen
Published: July 2015

A photooxygenation of benzylic sp3 C–H reaction has been demonstrated using O2 mediated by visible light. Various benzylic sp3 C–H bonds can be transformed into the desired ketone derivatives in moderate to good yields.
Low-temperature synthesis of homogeneous solid solutions of scheelite-structured Ca1−xSrxWO4 and Sr1−xBaxWO4 nanocrystals
Authors: Culver Sean P. , Greaney Matthew J. , Tinoco Antonio , Brutchey Richard L.
Published: July 2015

The vapor diffusion sol–gel method was used to synthesize complex ternary scheelite nanocrystals of arbitrary and well-defined elemental stoichiometry.
A hydrothermally stable Zn(ii)-based metal–organic framework: structural modulation and gas adsorption
Authors: Zhang Xiuling , Zhang Yong-Zheng , Zhang Da-Shuai , Zhu Baoyong , Li Jian-Rong
Published: July 2015

A hydrothermally stable MOF, [Zn2(tcpt)OH]·solvents (1·solvents), was synthesized, in which an unusual paddlewheel SBU, Zn2(COO)3, was found. Furthermore, 1 can adsorb considerable amounts of H2 and displays high selective adsorption of CO2 over N2.
2,2′-Disilylazobenzenes featuring double intramolecular nitrogen⋯silicon coordination: a photoisomerizable fluorophore
Authors: Kano Naokazu , Yamamura Masaki , Kawashima Takayuki
Published: July 2015

Fluorescent (E)-4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bis(trimethylsilyl)azobenzene was synthesized.
Heterobimetallic complexes with highly flexible 1,1′-bis(phospholanoalkyl)ferrocene ligands
Authors: Schmied Andy , Straube Axel , Grell Toni , Jähnigen Sascha , Hey-Hawkins Evamarie
Published: July 2015

Flexible 1,1′-bis(phospholanoalkyl)ferrocenes react selectively with platinum(ii), gold(i) and rhodium(i) to give macrocyclic chelate complexes.
Towards witnessing quantum effects in complex molecules
Authors: Farrow T. , Taylor R. A. , Vedral V.
Published: July 2015

Whether many-body objects like organic molecules can exhibit full quantum behaviour, including entanglement, is an open fundamental question. We present a generic theoretical protocol for entangling two organic molecules, such as dibenzoterrylene in anthracene. The availability of organic dye molecules with two-level energy structures characterised by sharp and intense emission lines are characteristics that position them favourably as candidates for quantum information processing technologies involving single-photons. Quantum entanglement can in principle be generated between several organic molecules by carefully interfering their photoluminescence spectra. Major milestones have been achieved in the last 10 years showcasing entanglement in diverse systems including ions, cold atoms, superconductors, photons, quantum dots and NV-centres in diamond, but not yet in molecules.
Selenium-containing polysaccharides from Ziyang green tea ameliorate high-fructose diet induced insulin resistance and hepatic oxidative stress in mice
Authors: Ren Daoyuan , Hu Yuanyuan , Luo Yiyang , Yang Xingbin
Published: July 2015

The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of selenium-containing tea polysaccharides (Se-GTP) from a new variety of selenium-enriched Ziyang green tea against high fructose (HF)-induced insulin resistance and hepatic oxidative stress in mice.
An effective homogenate-assisted negative pressure cavitation extraction for the determination of phenolic compounds in pyrola by LC-MS/MS and the evaluation of its antioxidant activity
Authors: Zhang Dong-Yang , Yao Xiao-Hui , Duan Ming-Hui , Luo Meng , Zhao Chun-Jian , Zu Yuan-Gang , Fu Yu-Jie
Published: July 2015

A novel extraction method was designed for the extraction and determination of the main phenolic compounds of Pyrola incarnata Fisch.
An enhanced surface passivation effect in InGaN/GaN disk-in-nanowire light emitting diodes for mitigating Shockley–Read–Hall recombination
Authors: Zhao Chao , Ng Tien Khee , Prabaswara Aditya , Conroy Michele , Jahangir Shafat , Frost Thomas , O'Connell John , Holmes Justin D. , Parbrook Peter J. , Bhattacharya Pallab , Ooi Boon S.
Published: July 2015

An organic passivation process for nitride nanowires was first proposed to reduce Shockley–Read–Hall non-radiative recombination of nanowire light emitting diodes.
The hybrid nanostructure of MnCo2O4.5 nanoneedle/carbon aerogel for symmetric supercapacitors with high energy density
Authors: Hao Pin , Zhao Zhenhuan , Li Liyi , Tuan Chia-Chi , Li Haidong , Sang Yuanhua , Jiang Huaidong , Wong C. P. , Liu Hong
Published: July 2015

A porous MnCo2O4.5 nanoneedle/carbon aerogel hybrid nanostructure was synthesized. The synergy of merits of the two kinds of supercapacitors endows the hybrid nanostructure with enhanced specific capacitance, rate capability, energy density and cycling stability.
Monitoring of reversible boronic acid–diol interactions by fluorine NMR spectroscopy in aqueous media
Authors: Iannazzo L. , Benedetti E. , Catala M. , Etheve-Quelquejeu M. , Tisné C. , Micouin L.
Published: July 2015

A new convenient method for monitoring boronic acid–diol interactions in aqueous media based on 19F NMR spectroscopy with fluorinated boronic acid probes is described.
Diselenide mediated controlled radical polymerization under visible light irradiation: mechanism investigation and α,ω-ditelechelic polymers
Authors: Ding Chunlai , Fan Caiwei , Jiang Ganquan , Zhang Jiandong , Li Xiaohong , Li Na , Pan Xiangqiang , Zhang Zhengbiao , Zhang Wei , Zhu Jian , Zhu Xiulin
Published: July 2015

The radical polymerization of styrene was investigated in the presence of five diaryl diselenide compounds with different groups on the benzene ring under visible light irradiation.
Ready access to end-functional polystyrenes via a combination of ARGET ATRP and thiol–ene chemistry
Authors: Altintas Ozcan , Josse Thomas , De Winter Julien , Matsumoto Nicholas M. , Gerbaux Pascal , Wilhelm Manfred , Barner-Kowollik Christopher
Published: July 2015

Bromine end-groups of ATRP polystyrenes were converted into terminal alkene groupsviaa facile synthetic strategy. Subsequently, a light-induced radical thiol–ene reaction was employed for the functionalization of the terminal double bonds.
Efficient visible light photocatalytic activity of p–n junction CuO/TiO2 loaded on natural zeolite
Authors: Zhao Lei , Cui Ting , Li Yajun , Wang Bo , Han Jianhua , Han Li , Liu Zhifeng
Published: July 2015

Highly efficient and visible-light-responsive p–n junction CuO/TiO2-zeolite heterogeneous nanostructures had been successfully synthesized by a standard impregnation method.
The enhancement of a self-powered UV photodetector based on vertically aligned Ag-modified ZnO nanowires
Authors: Zeng Yiyu , Pan Xinhua , Dai Wen , Chen Yunchao , Ye Zhizhen
Published: July 2015

A Ag nanoparticle-modified ZnO NWs based UV detector displays an excellent performance in UV detection such as high responsivity and fast response time.
Facilitated transport of CO2 through novel imidazole-containing chitosan derivative/PES membranes
Authors: Saedi Shahab , Nikravesh Bahar , Seidi Farzad , Moradi Loghman , Shamsabadi Ahmad Arabi , Salarabadi Mahsa Babaei , Salimi Hamid
Published: July 2015

Here, a new imidazole alkyl derivative of chitosan (Im-CS) is synthesized and characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. This derivative was blended with polyethersulfone (PES) to fabricate newly integrally skinned PES membranes.
Improved antifouling property of PVDF ultrafiltration membrane with plasma treated PVDF powder
Authors: Zhao Xinzhen , Xuan Huixia , Qin Aiwen , Liu Dapeng , He Chunju
Published: July 2015

The amphiphilic PVDF–PAA improved the antifouling property of a PVDF membrane by one-pot method.
Direct syntheses of cucurbit[7]uril-anchored polyacrylic acid microspheres and adsorption of basic dyes by the derivative
Authors: Gao Rui Han , Fan Ying , Xiao Bo , Chen Peng , Zhang Jian Xin , Zhou Qing-di , Xue Sai Feng , Zhu Qian Jiang , Tao Zhu
Published: July 2015

A series of cucurbit[7]uril-anchored polyacrylic acids were synthesized using (NH4)2S2O8 as both an initiator and oxidant. The polymers were further esterified with 2-naphthol to yield derivatives, which could be used as a stationary phase for the absorption of basic dyes.
A promising nanocomposite from CNTs and nano-ceria: nanostructured fillers in polyurethane coatings for surface protection
Authors: Madhan Kumar A. , Mizanur Rahman M. , Gasem Zuhair M.
Published: July 2015

The balanced combination of nanostructured carbon materials and metal oxide nanoparticles has been considered as an efficient reinforcement material in developing next-generation multifunctional coatings.
Ionic liquid-supported benzyl azide: an efficient soluble scavenger for alkynes
Authors: Choudhary Sunita , Saroj Saroj , Pandey Khima , Kumar Anil
Published: July 2015

An ionic liquid functionalized with benzyl azide was synthesized and its synthetic utility was evaluated by scavenging excess alkynes in the synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted quinoline via the Povarov reaction.
A comparative study of structure and electromagnetic interference shielding performance for silver nanostructure hybrid polyimide foams
Authors: Ma Jingjing , Wang Kai , Zhan Maosheng
Published: July 2015

Comparison of structure and electromagnetic interference shielding performance for silver nanostructures hybrid polyimide foams.
Tuning the oxygen functional groups in reduced graphene oxide papers to enhance the electromechanical actuation
Authors: Chandrakumara Ganaka G. , Shang Jin , Qiu Ling , Fang Xi-Ya , Antolasic Frank , Easton Christopher D. , Song Jingchao , Alan Tuncay , Li Dan , Liu Jefferson Zhe
Published: July 2015

Tuning oxygen content in rGO paper is found to enhance its actuation strain. The developed theoretical model and in-depth experimental investigation show that capacitance and stiffness are two key factors in the actuation mechanism of rGO papers.
Characterization of porous bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanoplates prepared by chemical bath deposition and post annealing
Authors: Wang Ying , Jiang Liangxing , Tang Ding , Liu Fangyang , Lai Yanqing
Published: July 2015

Hierarchical porous β-Bi2O3 nanoplate thin films whose photocurrent was much higher than that of nonporous ones were firstly synthesized.
A facile synthesis of isoxazolo[3,4-a]pyrrolizine and isoxazolo[4,3-c]pyridine derivatives via intramolecular nitrone cycloaddition reaction
Authors: Bakthadoss Manickam , Srinivasan Jayakumar
Published: July 2015

Isoxazolo [3,4-a]pyrrolizine and isoxazolo[4,3-c]pyridine are formed by a facile and efficient intramolecular [3 + 2] nitrone cycloaddition, forming two new rings and three contiguous stereocentres with high diastereoselectivity and good yields.
Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6PC1) promoter polymorphism associated with glycogen storage disease type 1a among the Indian population
Authors: Karthi Sellamuthu , Manimaran Paramasivam , Gandhimathi Krishnan , Ganesh Ramasamy , Varalakshmi Perumal , Ashokkumar Balasubramaniem
Published: July 2015

Promoter polymorphism rs559748047 inG6PC1from GSD-1a among Indian population.
Synthesis and characterization of a photocrosslinkable chitosan–gelatin hydrogel aimed for tissue regeneration
Authors: Saraiva Sofia M. , Miguel Sónia P. , Ribeiro Maximiano P. , Coutinho Paula , Correia Ilídio J.
Published: July 2015

In the area of regenerative medicine different approaches have been studied to restore the native structure of damaged tissues. Herein, the suitability of a photocrosslinkable hydrogel for tissue engineering applications was studied.
Fabrication of PVCL-co-PMMA nanofibers with tunable volume phase transition temperatures and maintainable shape for anti-cancer drug release
Authors: Yu Zaiqian , Gu Hongjuan , Tang Dongyan , Lv Haitao , Ren Yonghui , Gu Shuo
Published: July 2015

Thermo responsive PVCL-co-PMMA nanofibers for controlled release of anticancer drugs were fabricated. The thermo response temperatures of the nanofibers could be easily tuned, and the fibrous shapes could be maintained after heating–cooling cycles.
Improved performance in flexible organic solar cells via optimization of highly transparent silver grid/graphene electrodes
Authors: Cha Myoung Joo , Kim Sung Man , Kang Seong Jun , Seo Jung Hwa , Walker Bright
Published: July 2015

Organic solar cells were fabricated on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates using hybrid silver grid/graphene films as transparent conducting electrodes and the effect of the silver grid dimensions was characterized.
Remarkable capacitive enhancement of templated carbon materials by the redox additive electrolyte of p-phenylenediamine
Authors: Nie Yong Fu , Wang Qian , Yi Hai Tao , Chen Xiang Ying , Zhang Zhong Jie
Published: July 2015

Nanoporous carbon materials with hierarchical porosities have been produced via a template carbonization method, in which potassium citrate (or gelatin) serves as the carbon precursor and Mg(OH)2 powder as the hard template.
Catalytic oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds over hydrotalcite and hydrotalcite-supported catalysts
Authors: Mobley J. K. , Crocker M.
Published: July 2015

Hydrotalcite-like compounds are reviewed for their use as catalysts and catalyst supports in the oxidation of alcohols to their corresponding carbonyl compounds.
Strong-coupled Co-g-C3N4/SWCNTs composites as high-performance electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Yu Qiangmin , Xu Jiaoxing , Wu Chuxin , Guan Lunhui
Published: July 2015

A high performance electrocatalyst for ORR in alkaline is based on the strong coupling of Co-g-C3N4 derived active sites on SWCNTs.
MWCNT/perylene bisimide water dispersions for miniaturized temperature sensors
Authors: Biver Tarita , Criscitiello Francesco , Di Francesco Fabio , Minichino Matteo , Swager Timothy , Pucci Andrea
Published: July 2015

We report on a new ionic surfactant based on perylene bisimide suitable for the exfoliation of MWCNTs. The system has utility for the formation of sensitive sensors to measure body temperature.
Amphipathic trans-acting phosphorothioate DNA elements mediate the delivery of uncharged nucleic acid sequences in mammalian cells
Authors: Jain H. V. , Verthelyi D. , Beaucage S. L.
Published: July 2015

Amphipathic trans-acting phosphorothioate DNA elements deliver PNA and PMO oligomers in mammalian cells.
Preparation of cage-like nano-CaCO3 hollow spheres for enhanced CO2 sorption
Authors: Ping Haoliang , Wu Sufang
Published: July 2015

Cage-like hollow sphere nano-CaCO3 was prepared via a template-directed synthesis method for enhanced CO2 capture.
Thermal conductivity of oxidized gamma-graphyne
Authors: Zhang Y. Y. , Pei Q. X. , Hu M. , Zong Z.
Published: July 2015

Molecular dynamics simulations are employed to investigate the thermal conductivity of oxidized gamma-graphyne with the different oxygen coverage and at different tensile strain.
Twofold fused concave hosts containing two phosphorus atoms: modules for the sandwich-type encapsulation of fullerenes in variable cavities
Authors: Yamamura Masaki , Hongo Daigo , Nabeshima Tatsuya
Published: July 2015

Concave host by fusion of two phosphorus atoms affords variable sandwich-type cavities for guest fullerene, C60 or C70.
Structural mechanism of complex assemblies: characterisation of beta-lactoglobulin and pectin interactions
Authors: Xu Amy Y. , Melton Laurence D. , Jameson Geoffrey B. , Williams Martin A. K. , McGillivray Duncan J.
Published: July 2015

Pectin and beta-lactoglobulin interact to form a hierarchical structure, which depends intimately on the tailored charge distribution on the pectin – and which causes the tertiary structure of the beta-lactoglobulin to change.
Copper aided exchange in high performance oxygen production by CuCo binary oxides for clean energy delivery
Authors: Motuzas Julius , Diniz da Costa João C.
Published: July 2015

High oxygen capacity in CoyCu1−yOx with short redox cycles of 125 °C, assisted by the catalytic activity of Cu oxides.
One-step, template-free synthesis of highly porous nitrogen/sulfur-codoped carbons from a single protic salt and their application to CO2 capture
Authors: Zhang Shiguo , Li Zhe , Ueno Kazuhide , Tatara Ryoichi , Dokko Kaoru , Watanabe Masayoshi
Published: July 2015

Highly porous N/S-codoped carbons obtained by one-step carbonization of an “all-in-one” protic salt showed great potential for CO2 capture.
Ti-substituted Li[Li0.26Mn0.6−xTixNi0.07Co0.07]O2layered cathode material with improved structural stability and suppressed voltage fading
Authors: Yu Zhaoxin , Shang Shun-Li , Gordin Mikhail L. , Mousharraf Adnan , Liu Zi-Kui , Wang Donghai
Published: July 2015

Ti-substituted Li[Li0.26Mn0.6−xTixNi0.07Co0.07]O2cathode shows extended cycle life and mitigated voltage fading due to Ti substitution and its improved stability of the Li- and Mn-rich layered structure.
Graphene-embedded carbon nanofibers decorated with Pt nanoneedles for high efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Elbohy Hytham , Aboagye Alex , Sigdel Sudhan , Wang Qi , Sayyad M. Hassan , Zhang Lifeng , Qiao Qiquan
Published: July 2015

Graphene-embedded carbon nanofibers (GCNFs) were developed as a new counter electrode nanomaterial for high efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs).
Selective and irreversible adsorption of mercury(ii) from aqueous solution by a flower-like titanate nanomaterial
Authors: Liu Wen , Zhao Xiao , Wang Ting , Fu Jie , Ni Jinren
Published: July 2015

Hg(ii) is trapped into a titanate lattice with a phase transition from tri-titanate to hexa-titanate after adsorption.
One-step synthesis of robust nitrogen-doped carbon dots: acid-evoked fluorescence enhancement and their application in Fe3+ detection
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Yanan , Park Soo-Jin , Zhang Yifan , Kim Taewoo , Chae Suhyeong , Park Mira , Kim Hak-Yong
Published: July 2015

Robust and highly fluorescent N-doped carbon dots (CDs) are obtained from a hybrid source, alginic acid and ethanediamine.
Self-assisted nucleation and growth of [010]-oriented Sb2Se3 whiskers: the crystal structure and thermoelectric properties
Authors: Wu Hsin-jay , Lee Ping-chung , Chiu Fan-yun , Chen Sinn-wen , Chen Yang-yuan
Published: July 2015

The thermoelectric power factor of the self-assisted [010]-oriented Sb2Se3 is 104 times higher than that of Sb2Se3 bulk and is comparable to that of Sb2Se3 nanotubes, respectively.
Dielectric and optical anisotropy enhanced by 1,3-dioxolane terminal substitution on tolane-liquid crystals
Authors: Chen Ran , Jiang Yi , Li Jian , An Zhongwei , Chen Xinbing , Chen Pei
Published: July 2015

The enhancements of the dielectric and optical anisotropies have been realized by an introduction of 1,3-dioxolane as an end group in the corresponding molecules.
Correction: High density and patternable growth of silicon, germanium and alloyed SiGe nanowires by a rapid anneal protocol
Authors: Bezuidenhout M. , Kennedy T. , Belochapkine S. , Guo Y. , Mullane E. , Kiely P. A. , Ryan K. M.
Published: July 2015

Correction for ‘High density and patternable growth of silicon, germanium and alloyed SiGe nanowires by a rapid anneal protocol’ by M. Bezuidenhout et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2015, 3, 7455–7462.
Arc: building a bridge from viruses to memory
Authors: Day Cameron , Shepherd Jason D.
Published: July 2015

Arc (activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein) is a neuron-specific immediate early gene that is required for enduring forms of synaptic plasticity and memory in the mammalian brain. Arc expression is highly dynamic, and tightly regulated by neuronal activity and experience. Local translation of Arc protein at synapses is critical for synaptic plasticity, which is mediated by Arc-dependent trafficking of AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid)-type glutamate receptors. To date, few structural or biophysical properties of Arc protein have been investigated. Recent studies, including that of Myrum et al. published in the 468:1 issue of the Biochemical Journal, now shed light on some intriguing biophysical properties of Arc. These findings show that Arc contains large N- and C-terminal domains around a flexible linker region and that purified Arc protein is capable of self-oligomerization. Intriguingly, these domains show homology with the viral capsid protein found in the gag polypeptide of most retroviruses. These studies provide insight into how Arc may regulate multiple critical cell biological processes in neurons and reveals unanticipated biology that resembles viral trafficking in cells.
PARP is activated in human asthma and its inhibition by olaparib blocks house dust mite-induced disease in mice
Authors: Ghonim Mohamed A. , Pyakurel Kusma , Ibba Salome V. , Wang Jeffrey , Rodriguez Paulo , Al-Khami Amir A. , Lammi Matthew R. , Kim Hogyoung , Zea Arnold H. , Davis Christian , Okpechi Samuel , Wyczechowska Dorota , Al-Ghareeb Kamel , Mansy Moselhy S. , Ochoa Augusto , Naura Amarjit S. , Boulares A. Hamid
Published: July 2015

Our laboratory established a role for poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) in asthma. To increase the clinical significance of our studies, it is imperative to demonstrate that PARP is actually activated in human asthma, to examine whether a PARP inhibitor approved for human testing such as olaparib blocks already-established chronic asthma traits in response to house dust mite (HDM), a true human allergen, in mice and to examine whether the drug modulates human cluster of differentiation type 4 (CD4+) T-cell function. To conduct the study, human lung specimens and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and a HDM-based mouse asthma model were used. Our results show that PARP is activated in PBMCs and lung tissues of asthmatics. PARP inhibition by olaparib or gene knockout blocked established asthma-like traits in mice chronically exposed to HDM including airway eosinophilia and hyper-responsiveness. These effects were linked to a marked reduction in T helper 2 (Th2) cytokine production without a prominent effect on interferon (IFN)-γ or interleukin (IL)-10. PARP inhibition prevented HDM-induced increase in overall cellularity, weight and CD4+ T-cell population in spleens of treated mice whereas it increased the T-regulatory cell population. In CD3/CD28-stimulated human CD4 +T-cells, olaparib treatment reduced Th2 cytokine production potentially by modulating GATA binding protein-3 (gata-3)/IL-4 expression while moderately affecting T-cell proliferation. PARP inhibition inconsistently increased IL-17 in HDM-exposed mice and CD3/CD28-stimulated CD4+ T cells without a concomitant increase in factors that can be influenced by IL-17. In the present study, we provide evidence for the first time that PARP-1 is activated in human asthma and that its inhibition is effective in blocking established asthma in mice.
Fluidic beam steering in parasitically coupled patch antenna arrays
Authors: Bhattacharjee T. , Jiang H. , Behdad N.
Published: July 2015

A technique for designing a parasitic patch antenna array whose beam can be steered dynamically using a fluidic tuning mechanism is presented. Using this technique, a three‐element patch antenna array operating at 5 GHz is designed and fabricated using 3D printing. Two oil‐filled channels are placed in the substrate of the antenna along the radiating edges of the patches and filled with movable metal cylinders and glass balls. The parasitic elements are mutually coupled to the centre element in the H‐plane. As the train of metal cylinders and glass balls are moved from the left or right with respect to the centre‐driven patch element, the beam is steered towards the opposite direction. The proposed parasitic patch array is able to steer the beam ±22.5° with maintained impedance matching.
Power signatures and vacancy profile control in nanoscale memristive filaments
Authors: Mickel Patrick R. , Lohn Andrew J. , Mamaluy Denis , Marinella Matthew J.
Published: July 2015

We introduce a method for the controlled construction of oxygen vacancy profiles within the conducting filaments of TaOx resistive switching devices, with spatial resolutions approaching the sub-nanometer scale. We identify controllable power signatures in the resistive switching curves of memristive devices, and using analytical and numerical models demonstrate they are consistent with specific, designable radial vacancy profiles within the conducting filaments resulting from high-order hysteresis. The design of radial vacancy profiles is shown to address important technological challenges in memristive systems such as controlled state writing, half-select errors, and designed retention.
Interlocked chiral/polar domain walls and large optical rotation in Ni3TeO6
Authors: Wang Xueyun , Huang Fei-Ting , Yang Junjie , Oh Yoon Seok , Cheong Sang-Wook
Published: July 2015

Chirality, i.e., handedness, pervades much of modern science from elementary particles, DNA-based biology to molecular chemistry; however, most of the chirality-relevant materials have been based on complex molecules. Here, we report inorganic single-crystalline Ni3TeO6, forming in a corundum-related R3 structure with both chirality and polarity. These chiral Ni3TeO6 single crystals exhibit a large optical specific rotation (α)—1355° dm−1 cm3 g−1. We demonstrate, for the first time, that in Ni3TeO6, chiral and polar domains form an intriguing domain pattern, resembling a radiation warning sign, which stems from interlocked chiral and polar domain walls through lowering of the wall energy.
Two-parameter double-oscillator model of Mathews-Lakshmanan type: Series solutions and supersymmetric partners
Authors: Schulze-Halberg Axel , Wang Jie
Published: July 2015

We obtain series solutions, the discrete spectrum, and supersymmetric partners for a quantum double-oscillator system. Its potential features a superposition of the one-parameter Mathews-Lakshmanan interaction and a one-parameter harmonic or inverse harmonic oscillator contribution. Furthermore, our results are transferred to a generalized Pöschl-Teller model that is isospectral to the double-oscillator system.
Wetland research and eco-development through Chinese–United States EcoPartnership relationships
Authors: Wang Qiang , Lu Jianjian , Hsieh Shieh Tsing , Bowler Peter , Wang Fengyi , Ma Yuanqin
Published: July 2015

Since 2008, the China-U.S. EcoPartnership Program has been developing smoothly with the strong support of the Chinese and American governments. The collaboration between East China Normal University in China and Tulane University in the United States was the first group of EcoPartnerships that focused upon wetland and Eco-development research within this unique framework. The EcoPartnership Program represents a leading collaboration and globally expanding model of providing long-term wetland preservation, wetland ecological restoration, improving wetland habitats, and in promoting economic sustainability. Through the cooperation between Chinese and American scientists, the China-U.S. EcoPartnership approach (Wetlands Research and Eco-development) has been striving to stimulate innovative research on eco-development theory, water purification materials, eco-development technologies, and eco-development patterns.