bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of Pressure Jump Dependence and Time Constants of Hydraulic Pumps with Constant Pressure and Variable Flow
Authors: Anđelković Maja , Petrović Radovan , Ilić Ivana , Pantović Vladan , Grujić Jelena
Published: December 2024

Simulations of the pump response time refer to the determination of the time constant of the transient process when the flow and pressure change. The changes mentioned in the standards are precisely defined and prescribed by the “MIL-P-19692E” norms. The simulation showed that the time constants are within the permissible limits prescribed by these norms. The diagram shows the responses for the considered pump and for the case when the flow changes from Qn to Qmin and changes from Qmin to Qn. The time constants t1 and t2 are defined on the diagrams, with the parameters that the pump has. In addition, the standards define the pressure jump that occurs during the transient process as well as time constants. From the flow change diagram, it can be seen that the flow change is also very fast and takes place in time intervals shorter than 0.1 s. By evaluating the size of the time constants, t1 and t2, it can be concluded that they have a value below 0.05 s, which meets the regulations in that area. Also, the size of the jump pressure meets the regulations because it is only 1.2 M Pa above the nominal pressure.
Development of a Reduced-Degree-of-Freedom (DOF) Bipedal Robot with Elastic Ankles
Authors: Yessirkepov Sharafatdin , Folgheraiter Michele , Abakov Arman , Umurzakov Timur
Published: December 2024

One of the most challenging aspects of designing a humanoid robot is ensuring stable walking. To achieve this, the kinematic architecture must support 3D motion and maintain equilibrium, particularly during single-foot support. Without proper configuration, the robot may experience unbalanced weight distribution, significantly increasing the risk of falling while walking. While adding redundant degrees of freedom (DOFs) can enhance adaptability, it also raises the system’s complexity and cost and the need for more sophisticated control strategies and higher energy consumption. This paper explores a reduced-DOF bipedal robot, which, despite its limited number of DOFs, is capable of performing 3D motion. It features an inverted pendulum and elastic ankles made of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), enabling effective balance control and attenuation of disturbances. The robot’s electromechanical design is introduced alongside the kinematic model. Momentum equilibrium in a pseudo-static mode is considered in both the frontal and sagittal planes, taking into account the pendulum and the swinging leg during the single support phase. The TPU ankle’s performance is assessed based on its ability to resist external bending forces, highlighting challenges related to the robot’s weight equilibrium stability and ankle inversion. Experimental results from both Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and real-world tests are compared. Lastly, the joint movements of the inverted pendulum-based biped robot are evaluated in both a virtual environment and a physical prototype while performing lateral tilting and various gait sequences.
Population Structure, Morphology, and Health Assessment of Philippine Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus kerabau, Fitzinger, 1860) in Calayan Island, Cagayan
Authors: Villamor Lilian P. , Cuanang Aivhie Jhoy E. , Cailipan Therese Patricka C. , Paraguas Alexander M. , Flores Ester B. , Villanueva Marvin A. , Balbin Michelle M. , Belotindos Lawrence P. , Rellin Franklin T.
Published: December 2024

Understanding the state of the swamp buffalo population in Calayan Island is important to strengthen the conservation and management program in the country. This study aimed to provide insights into the morphology, population structure, and health profile of the swamp buffaloes on the island. In total, 35 fresh blood samples were analyzed using 27 polymorphic microsatellite markers to determine the population structure analysis. Data were gathered for the morphological features of Calayan swamp buffaloes and served as the baseline information for the descriptive traits. Furthermore, samples were tested for surra and brucellosis using PCR and serological tests, respectively. The results showed that Calayan swamp buffaloes were morphologically bigger, except for body length, compared with other populations. A genotype analysis using microsatellite markers showed remarkable discriminatory power to distinguish distinct populations within the tested population, and could discriminate subspecies of swamp and river types plus crossbreds. The study also reports the first incidence of surra and brucellosis on the island. Overall, the new insights provided on the newly detected Philippine carabao lineage in Calayan Island would be highly recommended for the ex situ conservation and animal health control strategy. The conservation strategy would encompass collecting, cryopreserving, and storing viable germplasms from local swamp buffalo on Calayan Island.
Bentayga-I: Development of a Low-Cost and Open-Source Multispectral CubeSat for Marine Environment Monitoring and Prevention
Authors: Rodríguez-Molina Adrián , Santana Alejandro , Machado Felipe , Barrios Yubal , Hernández-Suárez Emma , Pérez-García Ámbar , Díaz María , Santana Raúl , Sánchez Antonio J. , López José F.
Published: December 2024

CubeSats have emerged as a promising alternative to satellite missions for studying remote areas where satellite data are scarce and insufficient, such as coastal and marine environments. However, their standard size and weight limitations make integrating remote sensing optical instruments challenging. This work presents the development of Bentayga-I, a CubeSat designed to validate PANDORA, a self-made, lightweight, cost-effective multispectral camera with interchangeable spectral optical filters, in near-space conditions. Its four selected spectral bands are relevant for ocean studies. Alongside the camera, Bentayga-I integrates a power system for short-time operation capacity; a thermal subsystem to maintain battery function; environmental sensors to monitor the CubeSat’s internal and external conditions; and a communication subsystem to transmit acquired data to a ground station. The first helium balloon launch with B2Space proved that Bentayga-I electronics worked correctly in near-space environments. During this launch, the spectral capabilities of PANDORA alongside the spectrum were validated using a hyperspectral camera. Its scientific applicability was also tested by capturing images of coastal areas. A second launch is planned to further validate the multispectral camera in a real-world scenario. The integration of Bentayga-I and PANDORA presents promising results for future low-cost CubeSats missions.
Research on Pantograph Defect Classification Based on Vibration Signals
Authors: Gargasas Vytautas , Rimkus Kęstas , Alekna Mindaugas , Knyš Andrius , Žilys Mindaugas , Valinevičius Algimantas
Published: December 2024

Pantograph-based electrical current transmission systems are used in electric traction vehicles. The contact surface between the pantograph and the catenary wire experiences mechanical and thermal effects during the train’s movement. Typically, this contact surface on the pantograph is covered by a segmented carbon or copper rod, attached to an aluminum base. Railways implement organizational measures for pantograph condition monitoring, based on scheduled inspections. Constitutionally, the option to replace contact elements or individual segments of the pantograph exists if wear is detected. Many scientific publications describe ideas for pantograph visualization and automated condition monitoring. These ideas are based on analyzing mechanical vibrations generated by the pantograph, acoustic vibration signal analysis, 3D geometric data of the pantograph surface captured by laser scanning, and combinations of several methods. However, in these publications, mechanical vibration analysis is limited to signal shape and spectral analysis. The possibility of treating the vibration signal as a random process using statistical methods has not been utilized. This study describes the possibility of evaluating classified mechanical pantograph vibrations using the signal’s autocorrelation transformation. A laboratory experiment confirmed the proposed method for evaluating informative signal classification features. The proposed method can distinguish between signals generated by a defective pantograph surface and identify different types of defects.
Stakeholders’ Perceptions Regarding the Impact of the Working Environment on the Occupational Safety, Health, and Well-Being of Street-Based Sex Workers in Brussels
Authors: Gateault Sophie , Håkansson Carita , Oudin Anna
Published: December 2024

In Belgium, sex work was recently decriminalized to enhance street-based sex workers’ (SSWs’) health. This qualitative study explores stakeholders’ perceptions of the impact of the working environment on street-based sex workers’ occupational safety, health, and well-being in Brussels. In-depth interviews with seven stakeholders directly involved with SSWs were conducted, with data analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The analysis of study data resulted in one theme: “A power imbalance and a lack of concerted efforts among stakeholders are detrimental to the occupational safety, health, and well-being of street-based sex workers”. In Brussels, the majority of SSWs face various challenges due to structural vulnerabilities, thus limiting their choices regarding their work environment and further compromising their health. Limited access to resources and severe constraints within their working environment contribute to a lack of safety and adverse health outcomes. A stigma mechanism fueled by ideology and personal interests prevents the enforcement of their rights regarding their working environment, safety, and health promotion. The lack of involvement of key stakeholders, especially from the public sector, prevents the majority of street-based sex workers in Brussels from benefiting from a sound working environment and the promotion of their health, safety, and well-being.
Study of the Elemental Composition of Gadolinium–Aluminum Garnets—Obtaining Predictable Optical Properties
Authors: Korotkova Natalia A. , Petrova Kseniya V. , Baranovskaya Vasilisa B. , Doronina Marina S. , Arkhipenko Alexandra A.
Published: December 2024

For the first time, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was developed for determining the target elemental composition of gadolinium–aluminum garnets with the varying composition Gd3–xCexScyAl5–yO12, where x = 0.01–0.16 and y = 0.25–1.75. This fact has a fundamental importance for obtaining optical ceramics with predictable properties. Using the proposed acid mixture and temperature-time program, microwave digestion of these materials and complete transfer of the sample’s components into solution were possible. Moreover, we estimated the influence of the matrix composition, sample introduction system and collision cell on the limits of determination (LOD) of impurity elements by ICP-MS (Mg, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Y, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Er, Ho, Tm, Yb, and Lu). It has been shown that the conditions of mass spectral analysis proposed in this work provide LOD of target analytes in the range of 1∙10−6–4.15∙10−3 wt.%. The accuracy of the obtained results has been confirmed by the added-found method and by analyzing samples with known chemical composition. The standard deviation of repeatability (Sr) of the developed technique lies in the range from 1 to 6%. The developed analysis method is characterized by sensitivity, robustness and multi-elementality. It has application potential for other optical and ceramic materials of similar composition.
Applications of Tert-Butyl-Phenolic Antioxidants in Consumer Products and Their Potential Toxicities in Humans
Authors: Hoang Ngoc M. H. , Park Kwangsik
Published: December 2024

Tert-butyl phenolic antioxidants (TBP-AOs) are employed to inhibit oxidation and function as stabilizers and protectants in a broad spectrum of consumer products, such as food packaging, adhesives, lubricants, plastics, and cosmetics. The extensive utilization of TBP-AOs results in human exposure through various pathways. Furthermore, some TBP-AOs have been identified as potential endocrine disruptors and may cause liver and lung damage, as well as allergic reactions. Considering their varied applications and potential toxicity, a detailed evaluation of their safety profiles is imperative. However, existing research is often segmented and tends to focus narrowly on specific compounds. Consequently, this review collates recent data on TBP-AOs regarding their production, exposure, and toxicity, incorporating different databases and prior studies, as well as predictions of toxicity using ADMET. Our review strives to offer a comprehensive overview of the characteristics and health effects of TBP-AOs to guide future research and inform policy decisions.
Portable SpectroChip-Based Immunoassay Platform for Rapid and Accurate Melamine Quantification in Urine Samples
Authors: Ko Cheng-Hao , Kong Wei-Yi , Kabiso Abel Chernet , Chiu Wei-Huai , Tadesse Ashenafi Belihu , Hong Chitsung , Wu Chia-Fang , Lin Hung-Hsun
Published: December 2024

Growing concerns about the health risks of melamine adulteration in food products highlight the urgent need for reliable detection methods. However, the long-term effects of chronic low-level melamine exposure remain inadequately explored. This study introduces THE ONE InstantCare platform, a portable immunoassay analyzer integrating a SpectroChip-based spectral processing unit (SPU) with lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) for sensitive and accurate quantification of melamine in human urine. This platform provides a cost-effective, rapid, and user-friendly point-of-care (POC) solution for melamine detection. Analytical evaluations across eight melamine concentrations (0–100 parts per billion, ppb) achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 ppb. Validation with 24 human urine samples demonstrated strong concordance with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS), yielding an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.9220, a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.9389, and 95% agreement in Bland–Altman analysis. High reproducibility was observed, with an intraday coefficient of variation (CV) of 6.53% and acceptable interday CV values, while interference studies confirmed reliability in the presence of common biological substances. By delivering results in approximately 10 min, THE ONE InstantCare platform significantly reduces analysis time compared to LC-MS, which typically requires several hours. This novel platform enhances food safety surveillance and advances human health risk assessments, particularly for evaluating melamine-linked kidney damage. Its versatility and robust performance make it a promising tool for environmental monitoring and clinical diagnostics, enabling the detection of diverse biomarkers with high sensitivity and reproducibility.
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles-Induced Genotoxic Effects in Mosquito Culex quinquefaciatus
Authors: Saini Aastha , Ahluwalia Kanwaljit Kaur , Ahluwalia Amrik Singh , Thakur Neelam , Negi Puneet , Hashem Abeer , Almutairi Khalid F. , Abd_Allah Elsayed Fathi
Published: December 2024

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are being extensively used in a wide range of industrial applications for producing a variety of different consumer products, including medicines and even food items. The consumption of these products is increasing at an alarming rate, and this results in the release of these nanoparticles in the environment, causing a threat to organisms thriving in aquatic as well as terrestrial ecosystems. That is why screening such materials for their genotoxic effects, if any, becomes essential. A toxicity assay was performed to determine the LD20 of these nanoparticles for the mosquito Culex quinquefaciatus by Probit analysis. Early fourth instar larvae were exposed to the selected dose of 50 µg/mL, which is <LD20 value, for 24 h treatment. Chromosomal slides were prepared from lacto-aceto-orcein-stained gonads of adult mosquitoes developed from treated and control larvae. These nanoparticles were reported cytotoxic as a statistically significant decline in mitotic index in treated mosquitoes than controls were observed. The nanoparticles were also found to induce various structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations in the treated lot. In the end, it can be concluded that these nanoparticles do have a genotoxic effect. The present study provides a caution against further use of these nanoparticles. There must be the development of strategies for the safe, sustainable use as well as proper disposal of these nanoparticles so as to protect both biotic and non-biotic components of the environment.
Advances in Soil Amendments for Remediation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils: Mechanisms, Impact, and Future Prospects
Authors: Nie Xinyi , Huang Xianhuai , Li Man , Lu Zhaochi , Ling Xinhe
Published: December 2024

Heavy metal contamination is a critical factor contributing to soil degradation and poses significant environmental threats with profound implications for ecosystems and human health. Soil amendments have become an effective strategy to address these challenges by reducing heavy metal hazards and remediating contaminated soils. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in soil amendments for heavy metal-contaminated soils, with a focus on natural, synthetic, natural-synthetic copolymer, and biological amendments. By thoroughly examining and contrasting their remediation mechanisms and effects, this study provides a detailed evaluation of their influence on soil physicochemical properties, leachable heavy metal content, and microbial communities. Through bibliometric analysis, current research priorities and trends are highlighted, offering a multidimensional comparison of these amendments and clarifying their varying applicability and limitations. Furthermore, this review explores future prospects and the inherent challenges in soil amendments for heavy metal contamination, aiming to offer valuable insights and theoretical references for the development and selection of novel, efficient, multifunctional, environmentally friendly amendments.
PM2.5 Exposure Induces Glomerular Hyperfiltration in Mice in a Gender-Dependent Manner
Authors: Wang Hao , Ma Li , Guo Yuqiong , Ren Lingyu , Li Guangke , Sang Nan
Published: December 2024

As one of the most common air pollutants, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) increases the risk of diseases in various systems, including the urinary system. In the present study, we exposed male and female C57BL/6J mice to PM2.5 for 8 weeks. Examination of renal function indices, including creatinine (CRE), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), and urinary microalbumin, indicated that the kidneys of female mice, not male mice, underwent early renal injury, exhibiting glomerular hyperfiltration. Meanwhile, pathological staining showed that the kidneys of female mice exhibited enlarged glomerulus that filled the entire Bowman’s capsule in the female mice. Afterward, we explored the potential causes and mechanisms of glomerular hyperfiltration. Variations in mRNA levels of key genes involved in the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) and kallikrein–kinin system (KKS) demonstrated that PM2.5 led to elevated glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure in female mice by disturbing the balance between the RAS and KKS, which in turn increased the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). In addition, we found that PM2.5 increased blood glucose levels in the females, which enhanced tubular reabsorption of glucose, attenuated macular dense sensory signaling, induced renal hypoxia, and affected adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, thus attenuating tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF)-induced afferent arteriolar constriction and leading to glomerular hyperfiltration. In conclusion, this study indicated that PM2.5 induced glomerular hyperfiltration in female mice by affecting RAS/KKS imbalances, as well as the regulation of TGF; innovatively unveiled the association between PM2.5 subchronic exposure and early kidney injury and its gender dependence; enriched the toxicological evidence of PM2.5 and confirmed the importance of reducing ambient PM2.5 concentrations.
Association of Combined Effect of Metals Exposure and Behavioral Factors on Depressive Symptoms in Women
Authors: Ogundare Olamide , Obeng-Gyasi Emmanuel
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the combined effects of environmental pollutants (lead, cadmium, total mercury) and behavioral factors (alcohol consumption, smoking) on depressive symptoms in women. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018 cycle, specifically exposure levels of heavy metals in blood samples, were used in this study. The analysis of these data included the application of descriptive statistics, linear regression, and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) to explore associations between environmental exposures, behavioral factors, and depression. The PHQ-9, a well-validated tool that assesses nine items for depressive symptoms, was used to evaluate depression severity over the prior two weeks on a 0–3 scale, with total scores ranging from 0 to 27. Exposure levels of heavy metals were measured in blood samples. BKMR was used to estimate the exposure–response relationship, while posterior inclusion probability (PIP) in BKMR was used to quantify the likelihood that a given exposure was included in the model, reflecting its relative importance in explaining the outcome (depression) within the context of other predictors in the mixture. A descriptive analysis showed mean total levels of lead, cadmium, and total mercury at 1.21 µg/dL, 1.47 µg/L, and 0.80 µg/L, respectively, with a mean PHQ-9 score of 5.94, which corresponds to mild depressive symptoms based on the PHQ-9 scoring. Linear regression indicated positive associations between depression and lead as well as cadmium, while total mercury had a negative association. Alcohol and smoking were also positively associated with depression. These findings were not significant, but limitations in linear regression prompted a BKMR analysis. BKMR posterior inclusion probability (PIP) analysis revealed alcohol and cadmium as significant contributors to depressive symptoms, with cadmium (PIP = 0.447) and alcohol (PIP = 0.565) showing notable effects. Univariate and bivariate analyses revealed lead and total mercury’s strong relationship with depression, with cadmium showing a complex pattern in the bivariate analysis. A cumulative exposure analysis of all metals and behavioral factors concurrently demonstrated that higher quantile levels of combined exposures were associated with an increased risk of depression. Finally, a single variable-effects analysis in BKMR revealed lead, cadmium, and alcohol had a stronger impact on depression. Overall, the study findings suggest that from exposure to lead, cadmium, mercury, alcohol, and smoking, cadmium and alcohol consumption emerge as key contributors to depressive symptoms. These results highlight the need to address both environmental and lifestyle choices in efforts to mitigate depression.
Heavy Metal Distribution in Aquatic Products from Eastern Guangdong and Associated Health Risk Assessment
Authors: Liu Jinyan , Yu You’an , Sun Zewei , Zhang Keqin , Li Ping , Liu Wenhua , Bi Ran
Published: December 2024

With the rapid industrialization and urbanization of coastal areas, marine pollution (such as heavy metals) is increasingly contaminating the environment, posing significant public health risks. Eastern Guangdong, a key aquaculture and fisheries hub in China, has a growing market for aquatic products. Heavy metals persist in the environment and are difficult to degrade and bioaccumulate in marine organisms through the food web, presenting carcinogenic and mutagenic risks to humans, as top predators. This study analyzed 10 key species commonly consumed by residents of eastern Guangdong (bivalves, crustaceans, and fish), measuring the concentrations of six heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Pollution levels were assessed using the pollution index (Pi), and dietary exposure risks were evaluated via the target hazard quotient (THQ) for different age groups. Results showed that Pi values for all metals were within normal background levels, but bivalves had a high capacity for Cd accumulation, with pollution severity ranking as bivalves > crustaceans > fish. The THQ values for both adults and teenagers were <1 across all samples, indicating no risk to the health of residents. However, the TTHQ for Sanguinolaria sp. exceeded 1, indicating potential health risks. This study highlights the health risks of consuming heavy metal-contaminated aquatic products, particularly bivalves. Reducing the consumption of these high-metal species could help lower dietary exposure and associated risks. Our findings provide essential data for the quality assessment of aquatic products and offer dietary recommendations for residents in eastern Guangdong.
Non-Genotoxic and Environmentally Relevant Lower Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Significantly Increase Tumorigenicity of Benzo[a]pyrene in a Lung Two-Stage Mouse Model
Authors: Bauer Alison K. , Romo Deedee , Friday Finnegan , Cho Kaila , Velmurugan Kalpana , Upham Brad L.
Published: December 2024

The World Health Organization has classified air pollution as a carcinogen, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are major components of air particulates of carcinogenic concern. Thus far, most studies focused on genotoxic high molecular weight PAHs; however, recent studies indicate potential carcinogenicity of the non-genotoxic lower molecular weight PAHs (LMW PAHs) that are found in indoor and outdoor air pollution as well as secondhand cigarette smoke. We hypothesize that LMW PAHs contribute to the promotion stage of cancer when combined with benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a legacy PAH. We specifically determined the effects of an LMW PAH mixture containing 1-methylanthracene (1MeA), fluoranthene (Flthn), and phenanthrene (Phe) combined with B[a]P on lung tumor promotion. To test this hypothesis, we used a two-stage, initiation/promotion BALB/ByJ female lung tumor mouse model. The mice were initiated with 3-methylcholanthrene followed by exposures to B[a]P, the LMW PAH mixture, and the combination of the LMW PAH mixture plus B[a]P, all at 10 mg/kg. The LMW PAHs combined with B[a]P significantly increased the promotion and incidence of lung tumors over that of B[a]P alone. The LMW PAHs in the absence of B[a]P did not significantly promote tumors, indicating strong co-promotional activities. We further assessed the effects of these PAHs on other hallmarks of cancer, namely, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid inflammatory infiltrates, pro-inflammatory transcripts, KC protein content, and mRNA expression of the gap junction (Gja1) and epiregulin (Ereg) genes. The LMW PAHs increased the biomarkers of inflammation, decreased Gja1 expression, and increased Ereg expression, all consistent with tumor promotion. This study indicates that non-genotoxic LMW PAHs can contribute to the cancer process and warrants further studies to assess the carcinogenic risks of other LMW PAHs.
Circ_0000284 Is Involved in Arsenite-Induced Hepatic Insulin Resistance Through Blocking the Plasma Membrane Translocation of GLUT4 in Hepatocytes via IGF2BP2/PPAR-γ
Authors: Xu Shiqing , Hu Zhida , Wang Yujie , Zhang Qiyao , Wang Zhi , Ma Teng , Wang Suhua , Wang Xiaohui , Wang Li
Published: December 2024

Arsenic exposure can induce liver insulin resistance (IR) and diabetes (DM), but the underlying mechanisms are not yet clear. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the regulation of the onset of diabetes, especially in the progression of IR. This study aimed to investigate the role of circRNAs in arsenic-induced hepatic IR and its underlying mechanism. Male C57BL/6J mice were given drinking water containing sodium arsenite (0, 0.5, 5, or 50 ppm) for 12 months. The results show that sodium arsenite increased circ_0000284 expression, decreased insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), and inhibited cell membrane protein levels of insulin-responsive glucose transporter protein 4 (GLUT4) in the mouse livers, indicating that arsenic exposure causes liver damage and disruptions to glucose metabolism. Furthermore, sodium arsenite reduced glucose consumption and glycogen levels, increased the expression of circ_0000284, reduced the protein levels of IGF2BP2 and PPAR-γ, and inhibited GLUT4 protein levels in the cell membranes of insulin-treated HepG2 cells. However, a circ_0000284 inhibitor reversed arsenic exposure-induced reductions in IGF2BP2, PPAR-γ, and GLUT4 levels in the plasma membrane. These results indicate that circ_0000284 is involved in arsenite-induced hepatic insulin resistance through blocking the plasma membrane translocation of GLUT4 in hepatocytes via IGF2BP2/PPAR-γ. This study provides a scientific basis for finding early biomarkers for the control of arsenic exposure and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and discovering new prevention and control measures.
Connected Institutions: Using Platform Powers to Advance Transport
Authors: Levinson David
Published: December 2024

This perspective paper analyzes selected policy strategies for transforming transport. It identifies four primary objectives: enhance economic efficiency, increase equity, reduce negative externalities, and improve the user experience (4Es). It then develops the framework of persuasion, police, purse, and platform powers (4Ps), which are available to governments to implement change and pursue their objectives. In a series of cases, it illustrates those powers, particularly the underappreciated platform powers, the formation and promulgation of standards, which are themselves the key technology for connecting institutions, showing how the establishment of technical standards transforms existing transport and lays the groundwork for new opportunities.
Taenia martis Cysticercosis in a Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)
Authors: Bleyer Martina , Erffmeier Lena , Batura Olga , Roos Christian
Published: December 2024

Taenia martis cysticercosis is a rare but recently more frequently reported disease that can affect both human and non-human primates as aberrant hosts. A common marmoset was noticed as being affected by advancing weight loss that did not respond to therapy and finally had to be euthanized due to poor prognosis. A complete necropsy with gross evaluation and subsequent histological and molecular analyses was performed, revealing the presence of a cysticercosis in the thoracic and pelvic cavity and in the mesentery. Molecular analysis identified the cestode as Taenia martis. This is the fifth case of Taenia martis cysticercosis in a non-human primate and the first case in a platyrrhine primate.
Assessing Species Richness with Camera Trap Surveys During Five Years of Large-Scale Mining Disruptions
Authors: Higgs Ruan W. , Deacon Francois
Published: December 2024

In the Northern Cape Province of South Africa, an investigation was launched into the impact of large-scale open-pit mining on wildlife ecology and populations, more specifically on the animal species richness and detection rates across different vegetation types. Using camera traps, we monitored a 43,000-hectare area, which included active mining areas and adjacent lands, over a period of five years (2020–2024). Data on 44 animal species ranging from small mammals to large megaherbivores were collected, with a large variation in species richness across the study site being observed. The detection of species that are of conservation concern, such as the vulnerable Temminck’s ground pangolin (Smutsia temminckii) and endangered mountain reedbuck (Redunca fulvorufula), highlighted additional potential risks that mining activities pose to biodiversity in the area, emphasizing the importance of monitoring biodiversity in areas that are impacted by large-scale anthropogenic and mining activities. Furthermore, the results suggest that some areas may require a more targeted approach to conservation in order to mitigate the disruptive effect of mining. Benchmarking the species present and proving the presence of endangered and vulnerable species prove the successful first steps into understanding habitat disruption caused by mining activities and will guide future conservation and management efforts.
Knowledge and Attitude of Women Towards Breast Cancer Screening in Resource-Limited Setting in Women Aged 18–45 Years
Authors: Chukwu Jennifer Adaeze , Egwu Chinedu O. , Chukwu Chidinma , Agwu Anthony O. , Oluwafemi Emmanuel Ooju , Nwadum Solomon Kingsley , Oyinloye Inigbehe Babatunde , Anoke-Ani Nwigbo Ogechukwu , Akpabio Francis P. , Enyanwuma Ifeanyi
Published: December 2024

Breast cancer incidence is on the rise regardless of several interventions available for its management. This scenario may be worse in resource-limited countries. This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of women towards Breast Cancer Screening (BCS) in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH), Kano State, a typically resource-limited state in Nigeria. This was a cross-sectional study. The study population comprised female individuals aged 18–45 years attending the Antenatal and Postnatal clinics of AKTH. An adopted questionnaire instrument was used to extract vital information on the knowledge and attitude of women towards breast cancer screening in the Antenatal and Postnatal clinics of AKTH. Our findings showed that there is much awareness about BCS, even though most participants’ knowledge about the methods and timing of the scan is low. Much enlightenment is achieved through the availability of print and electronic media on BCS. A better attitude is shown when trained personnel conduct BCS. A good number of participants who have knowledge are yet to translate their knowledge and attitudes into practice. Based on our findings, coordinated and timely awareness campaigns should be organized by local health authorities to improve knowledge and attitude towards BCS.
Gestión educativa y calidad formativa de investigación en la educación universitaria
Authors: Alcahuamán Villanueva Jeny
Published: December 2024

El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre la gestión educativa y la calidad formativa en la investigación de estudiantes universitarios peruanos inscritos en cursos de metodología de la investigación. Se empleó un diseño mixto, recolectando datos cualitativos y cuantitativos mediante dos cuestionarios validados y entrevistas semiestructuradas. La muestra incluyó a 232 estudiantes, 5 docentes y 5 administrativos. Los resultados revelaron una relación directa y significativa entre las variables, con un coeficiente Rho de .849* (p < .001). Esto indica que el aumento o disminución de una variable afecta proporcionalmente a la otra. Además, docentes y administrativos destacaron la importancia de la gestión educativa como un factor clave para potenciar la formación investigativa, favoreciendo el desarrollo profesional de los estudiantes y fortaleciendo la orientación académica en la investigación a nivel nacional.
Resensi Buku: Model-Model Teologi Kontekstual
Authors: Setiawan David Eko
Published: December 2024

Buku Model-model Teologi Kontekstual karya Stephen B. Bevans menawarkan kajian mendalam tentang enam model teologi dalam berbagai konteks budaya: Model Terjemahan, Antropologis, Praksis, Sintesis, Transendental, dan Budaya Tandingan. Bevans memaparkan model-model ini sebagai kerangka untuk menghubungkan Injil dengan realitas budaya yang berbeda, dengan argumen bahwa teologi pada dasarnya bersifat kontekstual dan dinamis. Setiap model memiliki kekuatan dan kelemahannya sendiri, tergantung pada konteks dan tujuan teologis yang ingin dicapai. Bevans mengajak pembaca untuk menyadari bahwa tidak ada satu model yang berlaku universal, melainkan masing-masing model menawarkan wawasan yang berharga untuk situasi yang berbeda. Karyanya menjadi apresiasi terhadap keberagaman pemikiran teologis serta seruan untuk keterlibatan yang lebih mendalam dengan budaya dalam refleksi teologis. Buku ini menyediakan beragam pendekatan yang penting bagi para praktisi dan akademisi teologi kontekstual yang ingin memahami dan menerapkan teologi kontekstual di dunia yang pluralistik dan terus berubah.
Menghentikan Pernikahan Dini melalui Diakonia Transformatif: Upaya Gereja dalam Pemberdayaan Perempuan
Authors: Kalebu Tresya Juliantari , Yunianto Yunianto
Published: December 2024

Pernikahan dini merupakan fenomena sosial yang masih cukup marak terjadi di Indonesia. Fenomena ini menjadi masalah sosial karena memiliki dampak negatif yang signifikan terhadap kesehatan fisik, mental, dan sosial anak-anak perempuan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dengan metode kualitatif-deskriptif yang diikuti dengan studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mendorong terjadinya pernikahan dini dan memberikan sumbangsih pemikiran dalam mengupayakan pencegahan melalui pendekatan diakonia transformatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor ekonomi, sosial dan budaya, serta pendidikan menjadi pendorong utama pernikahan dini. Melalui diakonia transformatif, maka ditemukan tiga aspek penting yang dapat ditelaah untuk menjawab tentang masalah pernikahan dengan menjadikan gereja sebagai agen perubahan yang signifikan. Pertama, melalui diakonia transformatif dapat mewujudkan kesetaraan gender dan keadilan sosial bagi perempuan. Kedua, peran pemimpin gereja yang diharapkan lebih proaktif mengkampanyekan larangan pernikahan dini serta mendukung pemberdayaan perempuan. Ketiga, gereja dapat berkontribusi dalam transformasi sosial yang berpusat pada perempuan melalui diakonia transformatif.
تطبيق الإجراءات الحاكمة للشركات في المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: المطيري عبيد بن سعد
Published: December 2024

هدف البحث إلى التعرف إلى مفهوم "الإجراءات الحاكمة للشركات" (Corporate Governance) من الناحيتين النظرية والتطبيقية، مع الإشارة إلى تجارب الدول المتقدمة والنامية في كيفية تطبيقها لذلك المفهوم الحيوي المهم. كما ناقش البحث مدى توافر الإجراءات الحاكمة للشركات في قطاع الأعمال السعودي من خلال مقارنة الممارسات الموجودة في البيئة السعودية بالمبادئ الدولية الصادرة "OECD"، إضافة إلى اقتراح الحلول المناسبة وتقديم مجموعة من التوصيات لتدعيم تلك الممارسات.
التنمية في القطاع المالي والنمو الاقتصادي: حقائق مستمدة من تجارب مجموعة من بلدان الشرق الأوسط وشمالي إفريقيا
Authors: عريفة علي سالم , الغالي خليفة بن الحبيب
Published: December 2024

يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة العلاقة الجدلية بين تنمية القطاع المالي من جانب والنمو الاقتصادي من جانب آخر. ويقوم البحث باستخدام بيانات من مجموعة من بلدان الشرق الأوسط وشمالي إفريقيا، شهدت إصلاحات اقتصادية جوهرية على المستوى الكلي، وتطورات جذرية في القطاع المالي. وتختلف المنهجية المعتمدة في هذا البحث عن ما هو سائد في الدراسات المشابهة، وذلك من خلال التركيز على العلاقة السببية (بمفهوم جرينجر) بين تنمية القطاع المالي والنمو الاقتصادي. وفي هذا الإطار يتم اعتماد مقاييس لمدى نمو القطاع المالي أكثر ملاءمة لمثل هذه الدراسات. وجاءت النتائج مختلفة باختلاف دول العينة. وتبين أن تنمية القطاع المالي تمثل إحدى الدوافع للنمو الاقتصادي في جميع دول العينة دون استثناء، فإن النتائج أوضحت وجود علاقة سببية في الاتجاهين في عدد منها دون الأخرى. وتؤكد هذه النتائج الآراء التي تقول بأن السياسات الاقتصادية وانعكاساتها هي في الأساس مختلفة باختلاف خصائص الدول والمؤسسات التي تقوم بتنفيذها.
Evaluating the Impact of Rapid Thermoresistance (RTT) on Membrane and Chromatin Features in Post-Thawed Bovine Semen
Authors: Martins Reis Denise , Pereira Queiroz Augusto Urzedo , Souza Desidério Chamberttan , Neto Quintal Amanda Pifano , Emílio Beletti Marcelo , Nassif Travençolo Bruno Augusto , Costa Venturini Guilherme , de Vasconcelos André Belico
Published: December 2024

This work aims to evaluate the effects of rapid thermoresistance on the morphofunctional aspects of membranes using flow cytometry, as well as the quality of sperm chromatin using the Toluidine Blue technique, both before and after the thermoresistance test.Six sets of frozen semen from ten bulls were used. The samples were thawed in a water bath at 36ºC and separated into two aliquots. The first aliquot, control group (C), was kept in a test tube previously heated to 36ºC with subsequent evaluations using microscopy, cytometry, and chromatin analyses. The second aliquot, experimental group (E), underwent the rapid thermoresistance test (RTT) in a water bath preheated at 46ºC for 30 minutes with subsequent evaluations using microscopy, cytometry, and chromatin analyses. For statistical analysis, the paired T test, significance (P<0.05), was used.
Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian dismenorea primer pada remaja putri
Authors: Septica Qorry Wahyuni
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Dismenorea primer pada remaja putri dipengaruhi beberapa faktor diantaranya adalah usia menarche, lama menstruasi, stres, dan konsumsi fast food. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan dismenorea primer pada remaja putri.Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah 269 siswi dengan sampel 161 siswi di SMK PGRI 1 Kota Sukabumi dengan teknik proporsional random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan regresi logistik.Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil uji multivariat terdapat hubungan simultan pada variabel usia menarche (p=0,039), lama menstruasi (p=0,001), dan konsumsi fast food (p=0,001) terhadap dismenorea primer pada remaja putri. Sedangkan, terdapat satu variabel pengganggu (confounding) yaitu variabel stres (p=0,099).Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara usia menarche, lama menstruasi, stres, dan konsumsi fast food terhadap dismenorea primer pada remaja putri dengan konsumsi fast food sebagai faktor yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan dismenorea primer pada remaja putri.
Karakteristik dan sikap ibu hamil terhadap penanganan kejadian kekurangan energi kronis (KEK)
Authors: Srimulyawati Tia , Nurjannah Siti Nunung , Nurasiah Ai , Rahayu Sri
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: WHO menyatakan bahwa kematian ibu di negara berkembang terkait erat dengan Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK), yang dapat berdampak negatif pada ibu hamil dan janin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik ibu dan sikap terhadap penanganan KEK pada ibu hamil.Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari 362 ibu hamil. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, dengan total 56 ibu hamil. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner. Analisis univariat digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik dan sikap ibu hamil terkait penanganan KEK, sedangkan analisis bivariat dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-Square.Hasil: Terdapat hubungan antara usia (p-value= 0,006), pendidikan (p-value= 0,056), status pekerjaan (p-value= 0,007), dan pengetahuan (p-value= 0,000) dengan sikap tentang penanganan KEK pada ibu hamil. Tidak ada hubungan antara paritas (p-value= 0,156) dengan sikap tersebut.Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara usia, pendidikan, status pekerjaan, dan pengetahuan dengan sikap terhadap penanganan KEK pada ibu hamil, sedangkan paritas tidak berhubungan.
Проектное обучение как парадигма современноговысшего образования
Authors: КОХАНОВА Л.А. , ЧЕРЕШНЕВА Ю.Е.
Published: December 2024

В статье обобщается авторский опыт организации проектного обучения и обязательных его компонентов, таких как концепция, задачи и принципы в рамках преподавания профильных курсов по журналистике. По итогам более чем двадцати таких обучающих проектов делаются выводы об их перспективности как отвечающих запросам медийной отрасли в условиях цифровизации, так и личностного развития человека как парадигмального сдвига от культуры полезности , функциональности к культуре достоинства , интегративного присутствия в культуре.

The author of the article summarizes the experience of organizing project training and its mandatory components, such as the concept, objectives and principles during the teaching of specialized courses in journalism. The results of twenty such training projects draw conclusions about the prospects of these projects, both responding to the demands of the media industry in terms of digitalization, and personal development as a paradigm shift from a culture of utility, functionality to a culture of dignity, and an integrative presence in culture.
Портрет педагога в условиях формирования медиасреды образовательной организации. Социологическое исследование
Authors: ВОВЧУК Е.Н.
Published: December 2024

В статье представлены результаты социологического иследования, касающегося личностных особенностей и интересов педагога в условиях формирования воспитывающей медиасреды образовательной организации. Автор указывает на необходимость введения медиаобразовательных задач в учебную практику как необходимое условие развитие личности не только учащихся, но и педагога как ключевой фигуры образовательного процесса.

The article presents the results of a sociological study concerning the personality characteristics and interests of the teacher in the conditions of the formation of an educational organization educating the media environment. The author points to the need to introduce media education tasks in educational practice as a necessary condition for the development of the personality of not only students, but also the teacher as a key figure in the educational process.
Деонтология журналистики как сфера научного знания
Authors: ЛАЗУТИНА Г.В.
Published: December 2024

Автор статьи предпринимает попытку дать определение деонтологии, которое соответствует данным, полученным наукой на сегодняшний день. На этой основе выявляется специфика деонтологии журналистики как одной из социальных систем. Рассматриваются отношения долженствования в журналистике, образуемые совокупностью закономерностей. Определяется зона должного, которая задается этими закономерностями.

The author of the article attempts to define deontology, which corresponds to the data obtained by science today. On this basis, the specificity of deontology of journalism as a social system is revealed. The relations of responsibility in journalism, formed by a set of laws, are considered. Determined due area, which is given by these laws.
Политическая культура и политические процессы как объект исследования: методологический аспект и постановка задач
Authors: ПЕНЬКОВ В.Ф.
Published: December 2024

Автор представляет методологию и возможную постановку задач при изучении политической культуры на фоне политических процессов. Раскрыв традиции исследования политической культуры, анализирует научные школы в ретроспекции, рассматривая их с позиций ценностных ориентаций, формирующих модели поведения.

The paper considers the authors methodology and possible problems of studying the phenomenon of political culture against the background of political processes. The author reveals the tradition of political culture studies for the analysis of scientific schools in retrospect from the standpoint of their value orientations that form the behavioral patterns.