bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of trace element levels in human blood serum from	patients with type II diabetes using WDXRF technique: A comparative study
Authors: Durak R. , Gülen Y. , Kurudirek M. , Kaçal M. , Çapoğlu İ.
Published: November 2024

The present study investigated the trace element contents in the blood sera of type II diabetic patients with and without complication as compared to non-diabetic healthy controls. The elements Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Mo, Cd, Hg and Pb were determined by wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Blood serum levels of some trace elements in patients with type II diabetes mellitus showed significant deviations from healthy controls. Mean Ca, Cu and Se (p< 0.05) concentrations (%) in both diabetic patients with and without complication were significantly lower than those in healthy controls. When compared with non-diabetic control group, the Mg concentrations of patients without complication were decreasing while Mg levels of patients with at least one complication were increasing (p< 0.05). Si levels were significantly higher both in diabetic patients with complication and without complication than healthy controls (p< 0.05). K and Hg levels of diabetic patients with at least one complication have significantly deviated from both healthy controls and patients without complication (p< 0.05). There were no significant differences between control group and diabetic patients concerning height, age, weight and body mass index (p> 0.05).
Enhancement of in-plane spatial resolution in volumetric computed	tomography with focal spot wobbling – Overcoming the constraint on number of	projection views per gantry rotation
Authors: Tang Xiangyang , Narayanan Suresh , Hsieh Jiang , Pack Jed D. , Mcolash Scott M. , Sainath Paavana , Nilsen Roy A. , Taha Basel
Published: November 2024

The spatial resolution of diagnostic Computed Tomography (CT) has increased substantially, and 3D isotropic sub-millimeter spatial resolution in both axial and helical scan modes is routinely available in the clinic. However, driven by advanced clinical applications, the pursuit for higher spatial resolution and free of aliasing artifacts in diagnostic CT has never stopped. A method to accommodate focal spot wobbling at an arbitrary number of projection views per gantry rotation in CT is presented and evaluated here. The method employs a beta-correction scheme in the row-wise fan-to-parallel rebinning to transform the native cone beam geometry into the cone-parallel geometry under which existing 3D weighted cone beam filtered backprojection algorithms can be utilized for image reconstruction. The experimental evaluation shows that the row-wise fan-to-parallel rebinning with the beta-correction can increase the quantitative in-plane spatial resolution (Modulation Transfer Function) substantially, while the visual spatial resolution can be enhanced significantly. Consequently, the architectural designers of CT scanners are no longer constrained to choosing the number of projection views per rotation determined by gantry geometry. Instead, they can choose the number of projection views per rotation to optimize the trade-offs between in-plane spatial resolution and noise characteristics. Therefore, the presented method is of practical relevance in the architectural design of state-of-the-art diagnostic CT.
Taxol induces concentration-dependent apoptotic and	paraptosis-like cell death in human lung adenocarcinoma (ASTC-a-1) cells
Authors: Guo Wen-Jing , Chen Tong-Sheng , Wang Xiao-Ping , Chen Rong
Published: November 2024

Taxol (Paclitaxel) is an important natural product for the treatment of solid tumors such as ovarian, breast, non-small-cell lung tumors, and some head and neck carcinomas. Different concentrations of taxol trigger distinct effects on cell death forms. In present study, cell counting kit (CCK-8) assay, confocal fluorescence microscopy imaging, flow cytometry (FCM) and western blotting (WB) analysis were used to analyze the characteristics of cell death induced by low (35 nM) and high (70 μM) concentration of taxol respectively in human lung adenocarcinoma (ASTC-a-1) cells. Our results showed that low concentration of taxol induced cell death dominantly in apoptotic fashion associated with nuclear fragmentation, protein synthesis, phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization, G2/M cell cycle arrest, Bax translocation into mitochondria and caspase-3 activation, whereas high concentration of this drug induced significant cytoplasm vacuolization, mitochondria swelling and paraptosis-like cell death form without protein synthesis that is necessary for paraptosis. Although the mechanism of high concentration of taxol-induced paraptosis-like cell death has not been clear, this finding might have a potential implication for cancer therapy, especially for apoptosis-resistant cancer.
Quantitative multispectral photoacoustic tomography and wavelength optimization
Authors: Xiao Jiaying , Yuan Zhen , He Jishan , Jiang Huabei
Published: November 2024

We describe a reconstruction method that allows direct recovery of tissue chromophore concentrations and acoustic velocity using tomographic multi-spectral photoacoustic measurements. The method is tested in detail using extensive simulated data. Criteria for choosing optimum wavelength sets are analyzed for simultaneous reconstruction of tissue functional and acoustic properties.
On the possibilities of hard X-ray imaging with high	spatio-temporal resolution using polychromatic synchrotron radiation
Authors: Rack A. , Garcia-Moreno F. , Schmitt C. , Betz O. , Cecilia A. , Ershov A. , Rack T. , Banhart J. , Zabler S.
Published: November 2024

Time-resolved imaging with penetrating radiation has an outstanding scientific value but its realisation requires a high density of photons as well as corresponding fast X-ray image detection schemes. Bending magnets and insertion devices of third generation synchrotron light sources offer a polychromatic photon flux density which is high enough to perform hard X-ray imaging with a spatio-temporal resolution up to the μm-μs range. Existing indirect X-ray image detectors commonly used at synchrotron light sources can be adapted for fast image acquisition by employing CMOS-based digital high speed cameras already available on the market. Selected applications from life sciences and materials research underline the high potential of this high-speed hard X-ray microimaging approach.
Adaptive region of interest method for analytical micro-CT	reconstruction
Authors: Yang Wanneng , Xu Xiaochun , Bi Kun , Zeng Shaoqun , Liu Qian , Chen Shangbin
Published: November 2024

The real-time imaging is important in automatic successive inspection with micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT). Generally, the size of the detector is chosen according to the most probable size of the measured object to acquire all the projection data. Given enough imaging area and imaging resolution of X-ray detector, the detector is larger than specimen projection area, which results in redundant data in the Sinogram. The process of real-time micro-CT is computation-intensive because of the large amounts of source and destination data. The speed of the reconstruction algorithm can't always meet the requirements of real-time applications. A preprocessing method called adaptive region of interest (AROI), which detects the object's boundaries automatically to focus the active Sinogram regions, is introduced into the analytical reconstruction algorithm in this paper. The AROI method reduces the volume of the reconstructing data and thus directly accelerates the reconstruction process. It has been further shown that image quality is not compromised when applying AROI, while the reconstruction speed is increased as the square of the ratio of the sizes of the detector and the specimen slice. In practice, the conch reconstruction experiment indicated that the process is accelerated by 5.2 times with AROI and the imaging quality is not degraded. Therefore, the AROI method improves the speed of analytical micro-CT reconstruction significantly.
Angular dependence of L$_{3}$-subshell X-ray	emission following photoionisation
Authors: Han I. , Demir L.
Published: November 2024

L $_{3}$ -subshell alignment of Th and U ionized by 59.5 keV photons has been investigated by evaluating the angular dependence of L $_{i}$ (i=l, α, η, β and γ) X-ray lines. The angular dependence measurements were performed by measuring the fluorescence cross section, σ $_{Li}$ (i=1, η, α, β and γ) and σ $_{Ll}$ /σ $_{Lγ}$ , σ $_{Lη}$ /σ $_{Lγ }$ , σ $_{Lα}$ /σ $_{Lγ }$ and σ $_{Lβ}$ /σ $_{Lγ}$ ratios at different angles. It was observed from the measurements that L $_{i}$ (i=l and α) X rays for the L $_{3}$ -subshell depended on the emission angle and had an anisotropic spatial distribution. On the other hand, there was no dependence of emission angle and any significant anisotropy for other L X rays. The both Ll and Lα X-rays originate from the filling of vacancies in states L $_{3}$ -subshell with J =3/2. The results of measurements indicate that the L $_{3}$ -subshell vacancy states with J = 3/2 are aligned, whereas L $_{1}$ , and L $_{2}$ vacancy states with J =1/2 are non-aligned. Integral cross-sections for the L $_{i}$ (i=l, η, α, β and γ) X-rays and L subshell fluorescence yields ω $_{i}$ (i= 1, 2 and 3) were also determined and results were compared with theoretically calculated values and results of others and fairly good correspondence was observed.
A novel hybrid reconstruction algorithm for first generation	incoherent scatter CT (ISCT) of large objects with potential medical imaging applications
Authors: Alpuche Aviles Jorge E. , Pistorius Stephen , Gordon Richard , Elbakri Idris A.
Published: November 2024

This work presents a first generation incoherent scatter CT (ISCT) hybrid (analytic-iterative) reconstruction algorithm for accurate ρ $_{e}$ imaging of objects with clinically relevant sizes. The algorithm reconstructs quantitative images of ρ $_{e}$ within a few iterations, avoiding the challenges of optimization based reconstruction algorithms while addressing the limitations of current analytical algorithms. A 4π detector is conceptualized in order to address the issue of directional dependency and is then replaced with a ring of detectors which detect a constant fraction of the scattered photons. The ISCT algorithm corrects for the attenuation of photons using a limited number of iterations and filtered back projection (FBP) for image reconstruction. This results in a hybrid reconstruction algorithm that was tested with sinograms generated by Monte Carlo (MC) and analytical (AN) simulations. Results show that the ISCT algorithm is weakly dependent on the ρ $ _{e}$ initial estimate. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm reconstruct ρ $ _{e}$ images with a mean error of −1% ± 3% for the AN model and from −6% to −8% for the MC model. Finally, the algorithm is capable of reconstructing qualitatively good images even in the presence of multiple scatter. The proposed algorithm would be suitable for in-vivo medical imaging as long as practical limitations can be addressed.
Auto-tracking system for human lumbar motion analysis
Authors: Sui Fuge , Zhang Da , Lam Shing Chun Benny , Zhao Lifeng , Wang Dongjun , Bi Zhenggang , Hu Yong
Published: November 2024

Previous lumbar motion analyses suggest the usefulness of quantitatively characterizing spine motion. However, the application of such measurements is still limited by the lack of user-friendly automatic spine motion analysis systems. This paper describes an automatic analysis system to measure lumbar spine disorders that consists of a spine motion guidance device, an X-ray imaging modality to acquire digitized video fluoroscopy (DVF) sequences and an automated tracking module with a graphical user interface (GUI). DVF sequences of the lumbar spine are recorded during flexion-extension under a guidance device. The automatic tracking software utilizing a particle filter locates the vertebra-of-interest in every frame of the sequence, and the tracking result is displayed on the GUI. Kinematic parameters are also extracted from the tracking results for motion analysis. We observed that, in a bone model test, the maximum fiducial error was 3.7%, and the maximum repeatability error in translation and rotation was 1.2% and 2.6%, respectively. In our simulated DVF sequence study, the automatic tracking was not successful when the noise intensity was greater than 0.50. In a noisy situation, the maximal difference was 1.3 mm in translation and 1° in the rotation angle. The errors were calculated in translation (fiducial error: 2.4%, repeatability error: 0.5%) and in the rotation angle (fiducial error: 1.0%, repeatability error: 0.7%). However, the automatic tracking software could successfully track simulated sequences contaminated by noise at a density ⩽ 0.5 with very high accuracy, providing good reliability and robustness. A clinical trial with 10 healthy subjects and 2 lumbar spondylolisthesis patients were enrolled in this study. The measurement with auto-tacking of DVF provided some information not seen in the conventional X-ray. The results proposed the potential use of the proposed system for clinical applications.
Correction of image artifacts from treatment couch in cone-beam CT	from kV on-board imaging
Authors: Ali Imad , Ahmad Salahuddin , Alsbou Nesreen , Lovelock Dale-Michael , Kriminski Sergey , Amols Howard
Published: November 2024

Purpose: To investigate image artifacts caused by a standard treatment couch on cone-beam CT (CBCT) images from a kV on-board imager and to develop an algorithm based on spatial domain filtering to remove image artifacts in CBCT induced by the treatment couch.

Methods: Image artifacts in CBCT induced by the treatment couch were quantified by scanning a phantom used to quantify CT image performance. This was performed by scanning the phantom setup on a regular treatment couch and in air with the kV on-board imager. An algorithm was developed to filter image artifacts from the treatment couch by processing of cone-beam radiographic projections using two scans: one scan of the phantom and treatment couch and a second scan of the treatment couch only. This algorithm is based on a pixel-by-pixel removal of beam attenuation due to the treatment couch from each projection of the phantom and couch scan. The net couch-filtered projections were then used to reconstruct CBCT.

Results: We found that the treatment couch causes considerable image artifacts: CT number uniformity is degraded and varies as much as 15%, and noise in CBCT scans with phantom plus couch (3.5%) is higher than for the phantom in air (1.5%). The spatial domain filtering technique reduces noise by more than 1.5%, improves uniformity by a factor of 2, and removes ringing and streaking artifacts related to the standard treatment couch in CBCT reconstructed from couch-filtered projections. This filtering technique was tested successfully to filter other hardware objects such as a patient immobilization body-fix frame.

Conclusions: The standard treatment couch causes image artifact in CBCT from kV on-board imaging systems. The spatial domain filtering technique developed in this work improves image quality of CBCT by preprocessing the projections prior to CBCT reconstruction. This technique might be useful to filter other hardware objects from CBCT which may contribute to the degradation of image quality.
An antiproton simulation study using MCNPX for radiation	therapy
Authors: Michael Handley Stephen , Ahmad Salahuddin
Published: November 2024

Radiation therapy using antiprotons is a potential interesting future modality. Energetic antiprotons penetrate matter with almost near identical stopping powers and radio biological effectiveness (RBE) as protons in the region well before the Bragg peak region. When the antiprotons come to rest at or near the Bragg peak, they annihilate releasing almost 2 GeV per annihilation. Most of the energy is carried away on the average by 4 to 5 energetic pi mesons. The annihilations lead to roughly a doubling of physical dose with additional increase due to RBE in the Bragg peak region. This study was undertaken in order to assess the effect of the products of antiproton annihilations on depth dose profiles through MCNPX simulations. Beams of protons and antiprotons with varying energies and field sizes were used in the simulations. In our study, for 126 MeV beam, the peak to entrance (P/E) dose ratios of 4.9 for protons and 8.9 for antiprotons were found which gave the antiproton/proton P/E dose ratio equals to 1.8. This is in excellent agreement with the previous result obtained with FLUKA simulations.
A curve-filtered FDK (C-FDK) reconstruction algorithm for circular	cone-beam CT
Authors: Li Liang , Xing Yuxiang , Chen Zhiqiang , Zhang Li , Kang Kejun
Published: November 2024

Circular cone-beam CT is one of the most popular configurations in both medical and industrial applications. The FDK algorithm is the most popular method for circular cone-beam CT. However, with increasing cone-angle the cone-beam artifacts associated with the FDK algorithm deteriorate because the circular trajectory does not satisfy the data sufficiency condition. Along with an experimental evaluation and verification, this paper proposed a curve-filtered FDK (C-FDK) algorithm. First, cone-parallel projections are rebinned from the native cone-beam geometry in two separate directions. C-FDK rebins and filters projections along different curves from T-FDK in the centrally virtual detector plane. Then, numerical experiments are done to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by comparing with both FDK and T-FDK reconstruction. Without any other extra trajectories supplemental to the circular orbit, C-FDK has a visible image quality improvement.
Sparsity driven metal part reconstruction for artifact removal in dental CT
Authors: Choi Jiyoung , Kim Kyung Sang , Kim Min Woo , Seong Won , Ye Jong Chul
Published: November 2024

Metal artifact removal (MAR) is one of the most important issues in x-ray CT reconstruction. Various methods have been suggested for metal artifact removal, among which projection modification and iterative methods are most popular. While those methods mainly focus on removing background artifacts, for some applications such as dental CT the correct reconstruction of metallic inserts is also important. For this application, we formulate the MAR problem as a sparse recovery problem since metallic inserts usually occupy very little volume within a field of view. One of the main advantages of this approach is to overcome the inconsistency of sinograms from metal artifacts by imposing a geometric constraint, "sparsity". As a side product of this formulation, a significant reduction of the sample views is feasible for metal part reconstruction without sacrificing quality, thanks to the compressed sensing theory, which minimizes the additional computational overhead. Numerical results confirm that metallic inserts can be accurately reconstructed with a significant reduction of computation time.
Artemisinin induces caspase-8/9-mediated and Bax/Bak-independent	apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma (ASTC-a-1) cells
Authors: Xiao Feng-Lian , Gao Wei-Jie , Liu Cheng-Yi , Wang Xiao-Ping , Chen Tong-Sheng
Published: November 2024

Artemisinin (ARTE), an antimalarial phytochemical component from the sweet wormwood plant, has been shown a potential anticancer activity by inducing cell apoptosis. The aim of this report is to explore the mechanism of ARTE-induced human lung adenocarcinoma (ASTC-a-1) cell apoptosis. Cell counting kit (CCK-8) assay showed that ARTE induced cytotoxcity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Confocal microscopy fluorescence imaging of cells stained with Hoechst 33258 and flow cytometry (FCM) analysis of cells stained with Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) showed that ARTE induced reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent apoptosis. Confocal fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) imaging of single living cells expressing SCAT3, SCAT9 or CFP-Bid-YFP and fluorometic substrate assay showed that ARTE induced the activation of caspase-3, -8 and -9. Moreover, inhibition of caspase-8 or -9 completely blocked ARTE-induced apoptosis which was only partially attenuated by caspase-3 inhibitor. Interestingly, silencing Bax and Bak by RNA interference (RNAi) did not attenuate ARTE-induced apoptosis. Collectively, ARTE induces caspase-dependent but Bax/Bak-independent apoptosis in ASTC-a-1 cells.
AI Ethics by Design: Implementing Customizable Guardrails for Responsible AI Development
Authors: Šekrst Kristina , McHugh Jeremy , Cefalù Jonathan Rodriguez
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the development of an ethical guardrail framework for AI systems, emphasizing the importance of customizable guardrails that align with diverse user values and underlying ethics. We address the challenges of AI ethics by proposing a structure that integrates rules, policies, and AI assistants to ensure responsible AI behavior, while comparing the proposed framework to the existing state-of-the-art guardrails. By focusing on practical mechanisms for implementing ethical standards, we aim to enhance transparency, user autonomy, and continuous improvement in AI systems. Our approach accommodates ethical pluralism, offering a flexible and adaptable solution for the evolving landscape of AI governance. The paper concludes with strategies for resolving conflicts between ethical directives, underscoring the present and future need for robust, nuanced and context-aware AI systems.
The Mediating Role of Islamic Work Ethics in the Effect of Psychological Capital on Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Authors: Zarnegarian Yousef
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION: Organizational issues have been centered on psychological and behavioral problems of the employment staff for the last couple of decades. Psychological capital affects the individual as well as the organizational level to a great extent. Higher psychological capital amongst employees is more likely to bring improvement in motivation, engagement, and performance thereof. The present study was undertaken with the purpose of investigating the mediating effect of Islamic work ethics on the influence of psychological capital on organizational citizenship behavior.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The method of data collection is library and field methodologies. Based on the type, nature of data is descriptive. All the educational specialists at Yasuj University are considered the population of the research. Thus, it has a sample size of 102. According to Cochran's formula, 81 samples were selected. Standard questionnaires on organizational citizenship behavior, Islamic work ethics, and psychological capital are used for data collection. Data interpretation utilized the SMART-PLS software and the Partial Least Squares analysis method.

RESULTS: The direct paths of psychological capital effecting Islamic work ethics, psychological capital on organizational citizenship behavior, and Islamic work ethics on organizational citizenship behavior were statistically significant and positive at p < 0.01. Moreover, the mediation role of Islamic work ethics between psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior was confirmed at p < 0.01.

CONCLUSION: In this study, it can be seen from the analysis that psychological capital has a significant effect on perceived organizational citizenship behavior with Islamic work ethics as a variable that mediates.
Organizational Agility and Performance: A Time-Series Analysis of Crisis Response
Authors: Lavdari Frans , Lavdari Xhulio
Published: November 2024

The paper discusses how this affects the financial resilience across industries, using Amazon, Ford, Toyota, and Pfizer from 2008 to 2023, with further forecasts up to 2028. It utilizes the ARIMA model in computing the extent to which agility in operational, financial, and strategic dimensions leads to recoveries and performance during economic turmoil. In this regard, the adaptability of Amazon and Toyota further increased its growth, but Ford and Pfizer demonstrated really constrained flexibility due to the limitations of their industries. The approach of Toyota to lean manufacturing proves that structured agility can also work for traditional industries. Besides, Pfizer's short-term gains from rapid innovation underlined the relevance of Pfizer's long-term strategic agility. Based on the case study, several contributions are created to the dynamic capability theory: agility works best within an industry context and within the discipline in finance. This conference is insightful for leaders seeking to bring agility into various industries' diverse operational requirements, showcasing agility as both the great factor of competitive advantage and stability.
Ukrainian Theatre in Exile: A Case Study, Poland
Authors: Boroch Robert , Korzeniowska-Bihun Anna
Published: November 2024

After the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, many Ukrainian artists (mainly women) were forced to leave. Among them were playwrights and theatre directors. One of the leading countries in which they sought refuge was Poland. There, they began to organize their theatrical projects or were included in the activities of Polish theatres. The actions of Ukrainian theatre in Poland can be observed in the following areas: (1) Ukrainian theatre artists using original Ukrainian dramaturgical materials; (2) the movement of Polish theatre makers using Ukrainian dramaturgical materials; and (3) Ukrainian theatre makers involved in the work of Polish cultural institutions. Collaborations such as these point to solid Polish-Ukrainian cultural communication and emphasize the possibility of distinguishing Ukrainian culture in the European sociocultural space as aesthetically valuable and independent of Russian influence. Therefore, it is not surprising that Ukraine's foreign policy is shaped by culturally significant factors, such as theatre. Consequently, this shows that the Ukrainian nation is not an ideological group, as is portrayed in Russian propaganda, but a cultural- historical community. Moreover, the Ukrainian experience also indicates that theatre as an idea is vital to a nation's national consciousness. At the same time, it can serve as a tangible representation of the state's institutions in the event of circumstances, such as war, when state institutions are incapable of performing their functions properly. Furthermore, theatrical activism effectively counteracts hybrid strikes, placing it within a broader framework of anthropological defense as a counterweight to anthropological aggression. As a result, it can be said that Ukrainian writers, directors, and actors have contributed significantly to the cultural struggle against a warmongering country such as Russia – In line with Russian war doctrine, culture has been incorporated into military and non-military operations since 1999.
Coexistence of Ergodic and Non-Ergodic Behaviour and Level Spacing Statistics in a One-Dimensional Model of a Flat Band Superconductor
Authors: Linho Ville-Vertti , Swaminathan Koushik , Peotta Sebastiano
Published: November 2024

Motivated by recent studies of the projected dice lattice Hamiltonian [K. Swaminathan et al., Phys. Rev. Research 5, 043215 (2023) [https://journals.aps.org/prresearch/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.043215]], we introduce the on-site/bond singlet (OBS) model, a one-dimensional model of a flat band superconductor, in order to better understand the quasiparticle localization and interesting coexistence of ergodic and non-ergodic behavior present in the former model. The OBS model is the sum of terms that have direct counterparts in the projected dice lattice Hamiltonian, each of which is parameterized by a coupling constant. Exact diagonalization reveals that the energy spectrum and non-equilibrium dynamics of the OBS model are essentially the same as that of the dice lattice for some values of the coupling constants. The quasiparticle localization and breaking of ergodicity manifest in a striking manner in the level spacing distribution. Its near Poissonian form provides evidence for the existence of local integrals of motion and establishes the OBS model as a non-trivial integrable generalization of the projected Creutz ladder Hamiltonian. These results show that level spacing statistics is a promising tool to study quasiparticle excitations in flat band superconductors.
Some Mathematical Issues Regarding a New Approach Towards Quantum Foundations
Authors: Helland Inge Svein
Published: November 2024

In this article, the weakest possible theorem giving a foundation behind the Hilbert space formalism of quantum theory is stated. The necessary postulates are formulated, and the mathematics is spelled out in detail. It is argued that, from this approach, a general epistemic interpretation of quantum mechanics is natural. Some applications to the Bell experiment and to decision theory are briefly discussed. The article represents the conclusion of a series of articles and books on quantum foundations.
ANALISIS KEWENANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA ALAM BERDASARKAN UU OTONOMI DAERAH
Authors: Ryan Marthahudi
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini menganalisis kewenangan pemerintah daerah dalam pengelolaan sumber daya alam berdasarkan Undang-Undang Otonomi Daerah, khususnya UU Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah. Dalam era desentralisasi, kewenangan yang diberikan kepada pemerintah daerah bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat melalui pengelolaan sumber daya alam yang lebih berdaya guna dan tepat sasaran. Namun, implementasi kebijakan ini sering kali diwarnai oleh tantangan seperti konflik kewenangan antara pemerintah pusat dan daerah, keterbatasan kapasitas daerah, dan kendala pengawasan. Studi ini juga membahas faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efektivitas pengelolaan sumber daya alam di tingkat daerah, termasuk aspek hukum, koordinasi, dan sumber daya manusia.
Pengawasan Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja dalam Penerapan Peraturan Daerah kabupaten Indragiri Hilir No.5 Tahun 2016 tentang kawasan Tanpa Rokok di Kota Tembilahan
Authors: Reza Reza Fahlevi
Published: November 2024

This research aims to determine the efforts made by the Civil Service Police Unit in monitoring and enforcing Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2016 concerning No-Smoking Areas in the District. Inhil, the results of the Implementation of Supervision of Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2016 concerning Non-Smoking Areas in the District. inhil carried out by the Civil Service Police Unit. To achieve this goal, researchers used data collection techniques through interviews and documentation. This research uses a qualitative approach and the type of research is a case study. The data analysis technique used is non-statistical technical, namely descriptive. The data obtained from the research results were processed using qualitative descriptive analysis. Research results show that: 1) efforts made by the Civil Service Police Unit in Enforcement of Regional Regulation No. 5 of 2016 concerning No-Smoking Areas, namely guidance in the form of direct outreach by visiting locations of non-smoking areas and giving advice to the public not to smoke in areas where smoking is prohibited and establishing cooperation with relevant government agencies and supervisors 2) Results of the Implementation of Enforcement of Regional Regulation No. .5 of 2016 regarding smoking-free areas carried out by the Civil Service Police Unit, namely increasing public knowledge about smoking-free areas, increasing public awareness to comply and more and more private agencies inviting cooperation to create smoke-free areas. cigarettes while the results of monitoring efforts carried out 3) Obstacles Faced by the Civil Service Police Unit in Enforcing Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2016 concerning No-Smoking Areas in the District. The bottom line is that there are still many SPG Cigarettes that are not marketing on target and external obstacles from Satpol PP are that the public is not aware of the regional regulations on non-smoking areas and there is still a lack of public awareness to comply with the rules. Apart from that, there are still many government agencies that do not have smoking rooms
el-Kâria Sûresinde Kırâat-Anlam İlişkisi
Authors: Dinçer Ferit
Published: November 2024

Kur’an-ı Kerîm yüce ve azamet sahibi bir kitaptır. Bu yüceliği ve azameti dünya durdukça da devam edecektir. Araplar, İslâm dini gelmeden önce fesahat ve belagatte zirveye ulaşmışlardı. O dönemde panayırlar düzenlenir; şairler, fasih ve belagat sahibi kimseler ve edipler bütün hünerlerini ortaya sererler; kimi şiirleriyle, kimi hitabetiyle, kimi nasihatiyle ve kimi de hikmet ve emsalleriyle bu panayırlarda mücadelesini yapardı. Hal böyle iken, fesahatin ve belagatin bütün envaını kapsayan Kur’ân-ı Kerîm gibi bir kitap Allah tarafından vahiy yoluyla ve melek Cebrâil (a.s.) aracılığıyla ümmî (okuma-yazma bilmeyen) olan Hz. Muhammed’e (s.a.v.) tevdi edildi. Hz. Muhammed’e () nazil olan bu yüce kitap, o dönemin fasih ve beliğ Araplara aynı zamanda meydan okudu ve tek bir ayet dahi olsa getirmelerini istedi. Ancak bu hiçbir zaman olmadı ve dünya durdukça da olmayacaktır. Semadan Arza nazil olduğu günden bu yana çeşitli ilimlerle hizmetinde bulunulan Kur’ân-ı Kerîm, gerçekten hizmet edilecek ve bir derya misâli kendisinden istifade edilecek Yüce bir Kitap’tır. Bu şekildeki bir hizmet, samimiyet çerçevesi dahilinde olduğu müddetçe de her iki dünya saadetinin temin edilmesine vesile olacaktır. Bu düşüncelerden yola çıkarak, bir nebze de olsa, Kur’ân ve onunla ilgili ilimlere hizmet ve katkı sağlamak amacıyla, kısa sûrelerden olan el-Kâria sûresinde bulunan kırâat ve anlam ilişkisini bu kısa çalışmada konu edilecektir. Özellikle ayetleri meydana getiren harfler ile anlam ilişkisi üzerinde durulacaktır. Böylece kırâat ve tecvid kurallarını uygulayarak, Kur’ân’ın kelimelerini gerektiği gibi kırâat etmenin, ne kadar etkili ve anlam üzerinde ne katar tesirli olduğuna muttali olunacaktır.
Postmodern Dönemde Tüketim Olgusunun Reklamlara Yansıması
Authors: Bozdemir Yasin , Erdal Cengiz
Published: November 2024

20. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında modernizmin etkisini kaybetmesiyle ortaya çıkan postmodernizm, birçok dönüşüme öncülük etmiştir. Bu dönüşümlerden biri de hiç şüphesiz tüketim alanında gerçekleşmiştir. İnsanoğlunun doğuşundan beri var olan tüketim olgusu özellikle 21.yüzyılda bambaşka bir hal almıştır. Tüketimin boyutları giderek genişlerken tüketicilerin de istek ve ihtiyaçları da o denli farklılaşmıştır. Bu durumun en iyi yansıdığı mecralardan biri de reklamlardır. Bu bağlamda dört önemli markanın 2022 yılında resmi Twitter adreslerinden yayınladıkları, amaçlı örneklem yöntemiyle seçilen, birer reklam filmi nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden birisi olan göstergebilimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Bu çalışmanın araştırmasının analizinin konusunu oluşturan, iki ulusal iki de uluslararası menşeili olan bu markalar otomotiv sektörünün önde gelen firmalarından Audi, gıda ve içecek sektörünün önde gelen firmalarından Red Bull, lüks tüketim ve aksesuar sektörünün önde gelen firmalarından Zen Pırlanta ve haberleşme sektörünün önde gelen firmalarından Turkcell şirketinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulguları, ilgili firmaların reklam filmlerinde tüketim olgusunun yoğun bir şekilde işlendiği ve izleyiciyi tüketime teşvik etmek amacıyla kurgulandıklarını işaret etmektedir. Reklamların hedeflediği tüketiciler ve/veya hedef kitleler için ürün faydasından ziyade hedonik ihtiyaçların tatmin edilmesine yönelik olan bu reklam filmlerinde postmodern pazarlamanın izleri açık ve net bir şekilde görülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda reklamın günümüzdeki tüketim olgusunun taşıyıcısı ve aynası olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Bu durum birçok tehlikeyi de beraberinde getirmektedir.
Лабораторне обґрунтування можливості застосування резонансно-частотного аналізу для ідентифікації випадків повного розцементування одиночних ортопедичних конструкцій
Authors: Богдан Іван Михайлович , Гончарук-Хомин Мирослав Юрійович
Published: November 2024

Вступ. За даними попередньо проведеного мультифакторного аналізу втрата ретенції є основною причиною констатації факту неуспішності функціонування одиночних коронок з опорою на власних зубах. Описані в літературі методи оцінки рівня ретенції одиночних ортопедичних конструкцій носять в основному інвазійний характер, або ж є лабораторно-орієнтованими, без перспективи їх подальшої імплементації в клінічну практику. Мета дослідження. Обґрунтувати можливість застосування методу резонансно-частотного аналізу з метою диференціації випадків повної втрати цементної фіксації одиночних ортопедичних конструкцій в лабораторних умовах. Матеріали та методи. Приймаючи до уваги принципові особливості проведення відповідних вимірювань в ході реалізації резонансно-частотного аналізу з використанням апарату Osstell ISQ для обґрунтування застосування даного методу з метою диференціації випадків повної втрати цементної фіксації одиночних ортопедичних конструкцій запропоновано використання спеціальних металевих ковпачків, які імітують штучні коронки, на оклюзійній проекції котрих розміщується додатковий мікроциліндричний паз, в який проводиться фіксація стандартизованого трансдуцера SmartPeg. Після фіксації датчика SmartPeg в просторі мікроциліндричного пазу ковпачків вимірювання стабільності проводили згідно стандартної методики резонансно-частотного аналізу на всіх ковпачках (по 10 для кожної групи зубів) до проведення їх фіксації на склоіономерний цемент і через 24 години після фіксації. Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Показники стабільності виражені в одиницях ISQ, були розподілені між конструкціями, виготовленими на різні групи зубів наступним чином: середня стабільність ковпачків виготовлених для молярів до їх цементної фіксації складала 42,6±11,2 одиниць ISQ, через 24 години після цементної фіксації – 73,8±7,5 одиниць ISQ; середня стабільність ковпачків виготовлених для премолярів до їх цементної фіксації складала 39,2±14,3 одиниць ISQ, через 24 години після цементної фіксації – 71,2±6,8 одиниць ISQ; середня стабільність ковпачків виготовлених для ікол до їх цементної фіксації складала 39,8±12,4 одиниць ISQ, через 24 години після цементної фіксації – 72,5±7,2 одиниць ISQ; середня стабільність ковпачків виготовлених для різців до їх цементної фіксації складала 35,6±18,2 одиниць ISQ, через 24 години після цементної фіксації – 70,1±11,3 одиниць ISQ. Висновки. У даній моделі лабораторного дослідження відсутність цементної фіксації ковпачків імітувала клінічну ситуації повної втрати ретенції ортопедичної конструкції, і, враховуючи, що середні показники ISQ статистично відрізнялися у всіх випадках до та після проведення цементної фіксації, можна резюмувати, що запропонований вдосконалений підхід резонансно-частотного аналізу є достатньо чутливим для диференціації випадків повної втрати цементної фіксації одиночних ортопедичних конструкцій в експериментальних умовах.
Сучасні аспекти проблеми впливу важких металів довкілля на репродуктивне здоров’я жінок
Authors: Головкова Тетяна Аркадіївна , Главацька Владлена Ігорівна
Published: November 2024

Вступ. Сучасна ситуація в Україні характеризується погіршенням стану довкілля, що потребує від системи громадського здоров’я комплексних та ефективних дій, спрямованих, у тому числі, на раннє виявлення негативних факторів довкілля та профілактику їх впливу. Хімічний фактор з позиції гігієнічної значущості посідає пріоритетне місце у спектрі шкідливих чинників умов існування людини, а важкі метали найнебезпечніші забруднювачі навколишнього середовища, які мають широкий спектр негативних наслідків від порушень мікроелементного складу до токсичного ефекту і впливу на генеративну функцію людини. Зовнішні експозиції кадмію, як одного з розповсюджених токсикантів, особливо небезпечні для вагітних жінок. Мета дослідження. В изначення особливостей впливу кадмію, що міститься в об’єктах довкілля, на рівень внутрішнього забруднення організму вагітних та частоту прояву прееклампсії у жінок Дніпропетровської області. Матеріали та методи. Програма досліджень включала оцінку вмісту кадмію в життєзабезпечуючих середовищах довкілля та біологічних субстратах 89 здорових вагітних жінок атомно-абсорбційним методом, а також ретроспективний аналіз даних первинної статистичної документації про ускладнення вагітності. Результати. Встановлено, що кадмій постійно присутній в об’єктах довкілля в концентраціях, що знаходяться в межах нормативних значень, однак перевищують фонові рівні та результати досліджень, проведені на територіях еколого-геохімічного оптимуму. Не зважаючи на відносне санітарно-гігієнічне благополуччя об’єктів довкілля за вмістом кадмію, відзначається підвищення його концентрацій у біосубстратах – рівень металу в крові та сечі жінок промислових районів достовірно вищий порівняно з контролем (p<0,01), вміст кадмію у сечі 36-50% жінок досліджуваних районів м. Дніпро перевищує нормативний рівень. При цьому частота прояву прееклампсії у практично здорових вагітних жінок має пряму кореляційну залежність від рівня внутрішнього забруднення організму кадмієм. Висновки. Отримані нами результати свідчать про зростання рівня внутрішнього забруднення організму мешканців промислового регіону, обумовлених техногенним впливом, особливо у чутливих верств населення – вагітних, що викликає порушення систем адаптації організму жінки під час вагітності та супроводжується подальшим розвитком різних ускладнень, зокрема прееклампсії.
Elements of scientific excellence assessment
Authors: Družić Ivo
Published: November 2024

The dynamics of the international and national research excellence assessment, especially in the last twenty years, is characterized by “tidal waves” in which quantitative and qualitative criteria alternate at the “tops”. Analyzing experiences from that relatively long period, the paper argues for a rational and gradual improving of the balance between quantitative and qualitative criteria by passing through the three “levels” of forming a comprehensive evaluation of scientific excellence. In this sense, it is advocating the use of IF as the first necessary “level” that needs to be passed, in order to be able to reach the second “level”. This second “level” consists of a qualitative excellence assessment, including the assessment of individual contributions. These are the perquisites of a complete expert review (peer review) assessment at the final third “level” determining research excellence. In this sense, the paper offers an integrated model of a balanced quantitative and qualitative criteria combination, not only for an integral assessment, but also for encouraging scientific excellence.
Enhancing Canopy Research in Africa: Insights from Tree Climbing Workshop in Ghana
Authors: Ofosu-Bamfo Bismark , Pearce Steven , Tough Victoria , Hardingham Sam , Veriegh Francis , Agyei Thomas , Yawson Daniel , Abakah Amos , Aboah Anita , Owusu Achiaw Anthony , Agyakwa Charles , Baah Prince , Iddriss Sheriff
Published: November 2024

The report shares the background and experience executing a tree climbing workshop in Ghana. In most cases, canopy research in Africa is conducted under the umbrella of parachute science, leaving local scientists deprived of canopy access skills and equipment. Consequently, tropical Africa experiences a closed canopy so far as canopy ecology is concerned. In May 2024, ten (10) early career researchers from Ghana were trained in various rope access techniques, thus inoculating a community of climbers and setting the stage for advancing canopy research on the continent.
BRINQUEDO PÓS-CRÍTICO E BASQUETEBOL: RELAÇÕES ENTRE GÊNERO, ESCOLA E ESPORTE
Authors: Guirra Filho Frederico Jorge Saad , Marani Vitor Hugo , Silva Carlos Eduardo Ferreira da , França Ábia Lima de
Published: November 2024

O relato de experiência tem como objetivo investigar como o brinquedo pós-crítico pode auxiliar no processo de ensino aprendizagem do/a estudante, a partir das discussões acerca da categoria de gênero nas aulas de Educação Física escolar. A intervenção ocorreu em um colégio público da rede estadual no município de ([INFORMAÇÃO OMITIDA PARA AVALIAÇÃO]), por intermédio do Programa de Residência Pedagógica. A pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, do tipo exploratória, lançou mão de dois procedimentos metodológicos: a criação do brinquedo pós-crítico “Basquete para todes” e o diário de campo. Por intermédio do jogo de tabuleiro e da experiência do brincar, foi possível construir e utilizar um artefato pedagógico inovador que incentiva a consciência ambiental, o desenvolvimento de capacidades motoras, comunicativas, intelectuais, dentre outras, e as discussões e reflexões de gênero e esporte, em especial do basquete feminino no contexto escolar.
“EXPLICA PROFESSOR/A, NÃO É UMA QUESTÃO DE OPINIÃO!”: A PERCEPÇÃO DISCENTE SOBRE AS QUESTÕES DE GÊNERO E SEXUALIDADE NA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR
Authors: Santos Vitória Roberta , Chiés Paula Viviane
Published: November 2024

O estudo buscou compreender a percepção discente quanto à discussão de gênero e sexualidade nas escolas, prioritariamente, nas aulas de Educação Física escolar. Foram implementadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com uma amostra de 12 estudantes do ensino médio da rede estadual do município de Porangatu, norte de Goiás. Os/as estudantes relataram a presença das questões de gênero e sexualidade ocorrendo de forma esporádica e assistemática no ambiente escolar, assim como com caracterização normatizadora. Infere-se que a incipiente abordagem das questões de gênero e sexualidade — e com parâmetros conservadores — institui a naturalização de processos sociais e perpetua preconceitos e discriminações.
RELAÇÕES DE GÊNERO NA MARGINALIZAÇÃO DOS CORPOS NAS AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: UM PROCESSO COLETIVO DE ENFRENTAMENTO COM ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Pereira Ana Paula , Jancer Ferreira Heidi
Published: November 2024

Apesar do esforço da área da Educação Física em tornar as aulas mais inclusivas, ainda percebemos situações de marginalização no cotidiano escolar, principalmente das meninas. Diante dessa problemática, o estudo buscou compreender as experiências de estudantes com as aulas e construir coletivamente uma ação de enfrentamento das relações opressoras de gênero. A partir dos pressupostos da pesquisa participante, o estudo foi realizado em uma escola pública com 31 estudantes do ensino médio. Os dados foram produzidos através de questionário, registros de aulas, e grupo focal; e, posteriormente submetidos à análise temática. Os resultados são apresentados em dois temas: ampliando a compreensão sobre marginalização das meninas, e construindo novas aprendizagens para todas(os) com as práticas esportivas. O processo possibilitou a sistematização da escuta das(os) estudantes, abrindo caminhos para uma transformação nas relações com o fortalecimento da coletividade e compromisso com a participação feminina.