bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hoitokäytännön yhteydet leikkaushaavatulehduksiin
Authors: Hyrylä Marja
Published: January 2025

Prospektiivisessa tutkimuksessa etsittiin leikkaushaavatulehdusten ja eräiden potilaasta riippumattomien tekijöiden välisiä yhteyksiä. Leikkaushaavatulehdukseksi määriteltiin sellainen aseptisissa olosuhteissa tehtyyn haavaan enintään kuukauden kuluessa leikkauksesta kehittynyt märkäinen tulehdus, jonka lääkäri totesi leikkaushaavatulehdukseksi.
Tutkimusaineisto koottiin yhden keskussairaalan kirurgisessa osastoryhmässä kesä- ja marraskuun välisenä aikana 1989 leikatuista valintakriteerit täyttävistä potilaista (N=544). Tiedot kerättiin koko sairaalahoidon ajalta henkilöstön täyttämillä strukturoiduilla lomakkeilla ja potilaalle kotiutettaessa annetulla lomakkeella. Leikkaushaavatulehdusten ilmaantumista selittäviä tekijöitä etsittiin logistisella regressioanalyysillä.
Kuukauden pituisena seuranta-aikana leikkaushaavatulehdus todettiin 56 potilaalla (10.3 %, N=544), kahdellatoista (2.2 %) jo sairaalassaoloaikana ja 44:llä (8.1 %) vasta kotiutumisen jälkeen. Tärkeimmät potilaasta riippumattomat leikkaushaavatulehduksia selittävät tekijät olivat: leikkauksen aikana salissa enemmän kuin viisi henkilöä, leikkaajana apulaislääkäri, jolla oli työkokemusta alle kaksi vuotta, potilaalla oli haavadreeni ja leikkauksen jälkeen potilaan ympäristöolosuhteista se, että potilaan huonetoverilla oli leikkaushaavatulehdus tai sen oireita.
Jatkossa olisi tutkittava kirurgisten hoitokäytäntöjen hyödyllisyyttä leikkaushaavatulehdusten ehkäisemiseksi. Leikkausten puhtausluokituksen rinnalle on kehitettävä osoittimia, jotka ennustavat leikkaushaavatulehdusten vaaraa pelkkää puhtausluokitusta paremmin. Näiden osoittimien laatimisessa tulisi hyödyntää sekä potilaasta riippuvista että riippumattomista tekijöistä koottuja tietoja.
Leikkaushaavatulehdusten yhteiskunnalliset kustannukset Suomessa 1988-1990
Authors: Hyrylä Marja , Sintonen Harri
Published: January 2025

Leikkaushaavatulehdusten yhteiskunnallisia kustannuksia on arvioitu kaksivaiheisesti. Ensimmäisessä osassa on arvioitu korvattujen leikkaushaavatulehdusvahinkojen (N=1100) aiheuttamat yhteiskunnalliset kustannukset Suomessa 1988–1990 käyttäen insidenssipohjaista tarkastelutapaa. Toisessa osassa on arvioitu kaikkien leikkaushaavatulehdusten yhteiskunnalliset kustannukset Suomessa vuosina 1988–1990 käyttäen kyselytutkimuksessa kerättyjä tietoja leikkausten lukumääristä ja leikkaushaavatulehduksista puhtausluokittain.
Potilasvahinkoina korvattujen leikkaushaavatulehdusten yhteiskunnalliset kustannukset olivat noin 189 miljoonaa markkaa eli noin 172 000 markkaa vahinkoa kohti 1988–1990. Suorien kustannusten osuus oli 34 %, epäsuorien 62 % ja aineettomien 4 %.
Suorat kustannukset jakautuivat potilaan kotikunnalle ja valtiolle (85 %) ja potilaalle (15 %). Potilaan osuudesta Potilasvakuutusyhdistys korvasi 74 % ja KELA loput. Tuotannonmenetyksiä korvaavat tulonsiirrot jakautuivat eri maksajien kesken: KELA 61 %, työnantajat 30 % ja Potilasvakuutusyhdistys 9 %. Aineettomia kustannuksia maksoi vain Potilasvakuutusyhdistys.
Kaikista aiheutuneista kustannuksista KELAn maksama osuus oli 34 %, kunnan ja valtion 29 %, työnantajan 16 %, potilasvakuutuksen 12 % ja potilaan 9 %.
Vahingoista (72 %) ja kustannuksista (76 %) suurin osa oli syntynyt ortopedisissa ja sydän- ja verisuonileikkauksissa. Sydämen ohitusleikkauksissa yksityisellä sektorilla aiheutuneiden vahinkojen seuraukset hoidettiin pääosin (90 %) julkisella sektorilla.
Kaikkien leikkaushaavatulehdusten yhteiskunnalliset kustannukset Suomessa 1988–1990 olivat noin 3.5 miljardia markkaa eli noin 1.2 miljardia markkaa vuodessa. Vahinkoina korvattujen leikkaushaavatulehdusten osuus oli noin 2.9 % aiheutuneista leikkaushaavatulehduksista ja 5.4 % yhteiskunnallisista kustannuksista.
Kannattaako sairauksien ennaltaehkäisy
Authors: Häkkinen Unto
Published: January 2025

Sovellettaessa taloudellista evaluaatiota sairauksia ennaltaehkäiseviin toimintoihin aiheuttaa vaikeuksia kustannusten laskeminen, hyötyjen mittaaminen, vähäinen tieto toimintojen vaikuttavuudesta, aikatekijän ottaminen huomioon terveysvaikutuksissa sekä oikeudenmukaisuuteen liittyvät kysymykset. Taloudellisten evaluaatiotutkimusten perusteella ei voida tehdä yleistyksiä ehkäisyn edullisuudesta suhteessa hoidollisiin toimintoihin: toiset ennaltaehkäisevät toiminnot ovat edullisempia kuin hoitotoimenpiteet, mutta myös päinvastainen pitää paikkansa.
Ennaltaehkäisy näyttäisi olevan edullisinta pyrittäessä muuttamaan elintapoja ja kalleinta silloin, kun se perustuu lääkehoitoon. Sairauksien ennaltaehkäisy ei välttämättä säästä kustannuksia eikä sillä pystytä hillitsemään kustannuksia.
Ensisynnyttäjä kaksikymmentä vuotta sitten ja nyt Pohjois-Suomessa
Authors: Juntunen Kaisa , Hartikainen-Sorri Anna-Liisa
Published: January 2025

Pohjois-Suomen ensisynnyttäjien sosiodemografisten ja biologisten taustatekijöiden, raskauden toivottavuuden sekä lapsen perinataalisen ennusteen muuttumista tutkittiin prospektiivisesti kerätyistä kahden vuoden aikana tapahtuneista synnytyksistä vuosina 1966 ja 1985–86. Kahdessakymmenessä vuodessa ensisynnyttäjien osuus lisääntyi ja heidän keski-ikänsä nousi. Ylempien sosiaaliluokkien suhteellinen osuus lisääntyi ja maataloudessa toimivan väestön osuus väheni selvimmin. Myös koulutustaso kohentui. Raskaudet olivat toivotuimpia vuosina 1985–86 kuin 20 vuotta aikaisemmin. Ei-toivotut raskaudet ja raskaudenkeskeytykset kasaantuivat nuorille, naimattomille ja vähäkouluutetuille ensisynnyttäjille. Syntyneiden lasten perinataalinen ennuste parani kaikissa ensisynnyttäjien ikäryhmissä.
Nuorten aikuisten hammashoidon sisältö ennen subventiouudistusta ja sen jälkeen
Authors: Arinen Sirkka-Sisko
Published: January 2025

Tutkimus on osa projektia, jonka tavoitteena on selvittää nuorten aikuisten hammashuoltopalvelujen käyttöä ja vuonna 1986 voimaantulleen subventiouudistuksen vaikutusta siihen. Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan hoidon sisältöä hoitotyyppien avulla, joita ovat tarkastus, ienhoito, paikkaus, juurihoito ja hampaanpoisto. Tiedot kerättiin kyselyllä ennen uudistusta vuoden 1985 lopussa ja uudistuksen jälkeen vuoden 1987 lopussa satunnaisotoksilta, jotka edustivat 19-26/27-vuotiasta väestöä neljällä tarjontaolosuhteiltaan erilaisella paikkakunnalla (molemmilla kerroilla n = 2250). Kahden vuoden aikana hoitoon hakeutuneet olivat tutkimuskohteena (yhteensä 2700). Terveyden kysynnän taloudellisesta mallista johdetut muuttujat näyttivät huonosti soveltuvan hoidon sisällön selittämiseen. Subventiouudistus vaikutti hoitotyyppien esiintymiseen vain vähän ja mitään selvää muutossuuntaa - kasvua tai laskua - ei voitu havaita.
Kylien välinen kilpailu kolesterolin alentamiseksi Pohjois-Karjalassa
Authors: Vartiainen Erkki , Puska Pekka , Vlasoff Tiina , Muuttoranta Arja , Korpelainen Vesa , Korhonen Heikki J. , Nissinen Aulikki
Published: January 2025

Seitsämän pohjoiskarjalaista kylää osallistui kolesterolin alentamiskilpailuun, jonka pääpalkintona oli kylätoimikunnalle annettu 10 000 mk:n palkkio. Kilpailuun saatiin mukaan 75 % kylien 20-70 -vuotiaista asukkaista ja loppumittaukseen osallistui 88 % näistä. Voittaneessa kylässä veren kolesterolipitoisuus aleni 10,8 %. Keskimääräinen aleneminen oli 5,8 %. Monien kansansairauksien ehkäisyssä ei perinteinen lääketerveellinen malli potilaan hoidosta, neuvonnasta ja ohjauksesta riitä, vaan tehokkaan toiminnan toteuttamiseksi tarvitaan uudenlaisia yhteisötason toimintoja ja menetelmiä. Sydänsairauksien ehkäisyn osalta tällaisia menetelmiä on kehitetty runsaasti. Keskeiseksi ongelmaksi näyttäytyy niin Suomessa kuin muissakin kehittyneissä maissa nouseva kysymys sellaisista organisaatioista ja yksiköistä, jotka pystyisivät toteuttamaan ja kehittämään edelleen tällaisia ohjelmia. Paikalliset terveyskeskukset voisivat enenevästi ottaa käyttöön tämän tyyppisiä uusia toimintamuotoja alueensa väestön terveyden edistämiseksi.
Vanhainkodeissa asuvien vanhusten hammashuolto
Authors: Ekelund Raili
Published: January 2025

Artikkeli perustuu kahteen maamme vanhainkodeissa asuvien vanhusten hammashuoltoa kartoittavaan kyselytutkimukseen. Ensimmäinen tutkimus tehtiin yksityisissä vanhainkodeissa vuonna 1988 ja toinen kunnallisissa vanhainkodeissa vuonna 1989. Kaikkien yksityisten vanhainkotien johtajat (N = 94) ja 429 kunnallisen vanhainkodin johtajaa (99,5 % kaikista) vastasivat kyselyyn. Tutkimukset osoittivat, että vanhainkodeissa asuvien vanhusten hammashuollossa on edelleen vakavia puutteita. Vaikka tulokset viittaavat siihen, että vanhusten hammashuolto kunnallisissa vanhainkodeissa on kokonaisuutena ottaen jonkin verran paremmin järjestetty kuin yksityisissä, hammashoitopalvelujen saanti, hoidon kattavuus ja hoidon kustantaminen vaihtelevat yksittäisten vanhainkotien välillä suuresti. Sama koskee myös yksityisiä vanhainkoteja. On ilmeistä, että suun terveyden merkitystä ihmisen hyvinvoinnin tärkeänä osana ei vieläkään ole laajasti ymmärretty.
Koulun terveyskasvatusohjelmien vaikutus nuorten tupakointiin
Authors: Vartiainen Erkki , Tossavainen Kerttu , Koskela Kaj , Korhonen Heikki J.
Published: January 2025

Kun 1970-luvulla havaittiin, ettei pelkällä terveystiedon opettamisella ole vaikutusta nuorten tupakointiin, käynnistettiin useita ohjelmia, joissa pyrittiin tutkimaan, voidaanko nuorten tupakointia ehkäistä. Nämä ohjelmat voidaan jakaa kolmeen ryhmään: sosiaalisten paineiden hallintaan tähtäävät ohjelmat, elämän taitojen opettamiseen keskittyvät ohjelmat ja affektiiviset ohjelmat. Sosiaalisten paineiden hallintaohjelmat näyttivät ehkäisevän tai ainakin siirtävän tupakointia myöhempään ajankohtaan. Jos sosiaalisten taitojen lisäksi opetettiin laajemmin muita elämänsä tarvittavia taitoja, ei sillä ollut suurempaa vaikutusta kuin pelkällä tupakoimattomuuteen liittyvien sosiaalisten paineiden hallitsemisella.
On the typical errors in implementing social media management strategies using artificial intelligence technologies
Authors: Mishchenko E. V. , Shishlyannikova D. A.
Published: January 2025

The article investigates contemporary challenges associated with leveraging artificial intelligence in business marketing. The primary goal is to analyze and consolidate common issues in applying artificial intelligence to marketing and to explore preventive measures, with a focus on social media strategies. The study delves into the core concepts and conflicting perspectives on artificial intelligence technologies as presented in modern literature. It draws attention to marketers’ limited understanding of artificial intelligence and its operational mechanisms. The paper emphasizes the necessity of integrating artificial intelligence into marketing processes to boost efficiency, stressing the importance of setting clear implementation goals, reevaluating associated risks, and addressing potential obstacles. By examining social media marketing strategies, it identifies key advantages and methods to enhance the effective use of artificial intelligence. The study also reviews typical mistakes made in social media marketing when artificial intelligence is utilized. Practical recommendations and guiding principles are proposed for adopting these technologies and tools in modern business practices. These include staff training on artificial intelligence, conducting financial and operational feasibility studies, ensuring sufficient functionality, developing guidelines, and standardizing implementation practices.
Entrepreneurial competencies: content, principles of formation and development
Authors: Balabanova A. V.
Published: January 2025

In recent decades, entrepreneurship has become one of the key drivers of economic development and innovation. Entrepreneurial competencies play an important role in this process, which determine a person’s ability to successfully conduct business and cope with challenges. Particular attention in research is paid to this issue by the theory of entrepreneurial competencies developed by David McCleland.

This article is aimed at studying the history of research in the field of entrepreneurial competencies, the results of the work of D. McCleland and other experts, as well as the conclusions that became the basis for further research.

David McCleland, a prominent psychologist and one of the founders of the theory of motivation, observed that success in entrepreneurship largely depends on individual competencies, and not only on quantitative indicators, such as educational level or work experience. He highlighted a number of personal entrepreneurial competencies that contribute to successful activities. This concept has led to a deeper understanding of how personality traits influence business outcomes and how they can be developed and improved.

The formation of personal entrepreneurial competencies is a key factor in success in modern business. David McCleland’s theory and subsequent research has shown that these competencies can be developed and refined. A systematic approach to their development, including regular assessment and targeted work on themselves, allows entrepreneurs to increase the efficiency of their activities and achieve their goals.
Peran Kharisma Sultan Agung dalam Keberlanjutan Tradisi Nguras Enceh di Makam Imogiri
Authors: Ghofur Muhammad Ikhsan , Khalifah Tatik
Published: January 2025

The nguras enceh tradition at the King's Tomb in Imogiri, Yogyakarta, reflects the community's belief in the extraordinary power of Sultan Agung, who is believed to bestow blessings through his legacy. This research uses a field method with a qualitative approach involving observation, interviews and documentation to understand the community's perception of the nguras enceh tradition. The results showed that the tradition has survived despite changes in some of its aspects, especially since the 2000s with the cultural carnival before the core event. The nguras enceh tradition is not only a form of respect for the ancestors, but also has social, cultural and economic functions. The charismatic influence of Sultan Agung is the main factor supporting the sustainability of this tradition, which attracts the enthusiasm of the community to participate each year. The procession of tahlil, prayer and taking of enceh water is carried out solemnly, showing deep respect for Sultan Agung. The community's participation in gotong royong activities and belief in the blessings of enceh water strengthen their social and spiritual values. Nguras enceh tradition is also a cultural and religious tourist attraction. In conclusion, the existence of the nguras enceh tradition at Imogiri Cemetery is based on the charismatic influence of Sultan Agung, which remains alive in various aspects of people's lives, strengthening their spiritual, social and economic ties to their ancestral heritage.
Examining Roma Primary School Students' Expectations From School
Authors: Gürhan Ethem
Published: January 2025

Objective: The aim of this study is to reveal what the expectations of Roma primary school students residing in Doğanlar Neighborhood in Konya are from school.
 
Theoretical Framework: The basis of this research is the expectations of Roma students from school. There are not many studies on Roma students in the literature.  This research is important in terms of revealing the expectations of Roma students from school in Turkey and it is thought to contribute to the literature.
 
Method: In accordance with the purpose and subject of this research, the case study design was preferred among the qualitative research designs. In this design, one or more situations are investigated in detail. Case study allows the researcher to examine the events in depth (Yıldırım and Şimşek, 2013).
 
Results and Discussion: • Roma students look up to bad role models in their families and surroundings and have low expectations from school,

Roma students are excluded by some of their friends and teachers at school, and they have expectations of being accepted and adopted,
The low level of education of Roma families means that education and school do not mean anything to them, and for this reason, Roma primary school students' hopes for school are broken and their expectations from school are negatively affected.
Girls are made to work in housework and are married off at an early age for various reasons, while boys are made to work to contribute to the family's budget and are married off at an early age, which negatively affects their school prospects.
It has also been concluded that Roma people have concerns about employment, and that Roma students have no expectations from the future and have no expectations from school, considering the bad examples around them.

 
Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of [insert field of study]. These implications could encompass [list impacted areas or sectors].
 
Originality/Value: This study is completely original as it has not been done before. Examining the expectations of Roma students from school will contribute to the literature and the field of educational sciences.
Artificial Neural Network For Predictive Modeling of Quinoline Insolubles in Pitch in A Steel Industry: Quality and Sustainability
Authors: Leite Natália Rezende Pinheiro , Guirlanda Christiano Pedro , Cassin Ana Clara , Nucci Edson Romano , Guimarães Marina Cristina , Bosch Neto Juan Canellas
Published: January 2025

Objective: The objective of the present work was the development of an intelligent system based on artificial neural networks, supervised and with batch learning, to predict the quinoline insoluble quality (IQ) parameter of tar, using a set of data from a steel industry.
 
Theoretical Framework: Tar, derived from coal tar, is widely used in the production of anodes for the aluminum industry, and its quinoline insoluble (IQ) content is a crucial parameter, influenced by factors such as coal mixing, coking parameters and heat treatment. IQ forecasting is challenging due to the complexity of the processes involved. To address this question, artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been applied to predict the IQ of tar, taking advantage of its ability to handle complex, nonlinear systems.
 
Method: In this study, a feedforward RNA model was used, trained with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. The model has been configured with two hidden layers and the tansig activation function. The training was carried out with real data from polymerization reactors, including variables such as level, temperature, nitrogen rate, feed flow rate of the polymerizers and tar IQ. The network was configured with 2000 interactions and 20 neurons in the hidden layer, obtaining a training error (MSE) of 1x10-20.
 
Results and Discussion: The analysis of the results revealed that temperature and nitrogen flow have the greatest influence on the IQ of the pitch, with higher temperatures and higher flow rates resulting in a higher IQ.
 
Research Implications: ANN modeling is effective in predicting and optimizing industrial processes, especially in the analysis of large volumes of data and complex systems, contributing to quality control in pitch production and the improvement of industrial processes.
 
Originality/Value: The main contribution of this work lies in the demonstration of the ability of artificial neural networks to accurately model the content of Quinoline Insolubles (IQ) of the pitch, even in the face of the significant dispersion observed in the input data. This finding is particularly relevant because the high variability of the data often poses a challenge for traditional predictive models. The precision achieved by the neural network, therefore, proves the feasibility and potential of this approach to overcome the limitations inherent to the complexity of the pitch production process and optimize its control, opening new perspectives for the steel industry
Patient satisfaction with mental health services: a sample from Asser Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsubaie Sultan , Alshahrani Huda , Alshaikhi Ibrahem , Algahtani Mohammed , Alfif Amjad , Alhasher Sarah
Published: January 2025

Objective:
This research aimed to assess the level of satisfaction among mental patients at the Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region (AFHSR) in Asser, Saudi Arabia, and to determine a link between satisfaction and demographic factors.
Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional research was conducted from August to November 2024. The research comprised 400 mental patients from AFHSR. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect data, which included an Arabic version of the Charleston Psychiatric Outpatient Satisfaction Scale (CPOSS) and other sociodemographic factors.
Results:
The average patient satisfaction score was 20 (±7), suggesting moderate satisfaction with the mental health care offered. Demographic parameters such as age, gender, marital status, education level, and distance to the clinic had a substantial impact on satisfaction. Higher levels of satisfaction were reported by younger patients, females, divorced or widowed individuals, and those with higher education levels (p-values < 0.01, < 0.05, < 0.001, < 0.05, respectively). Those living farther from the clinic reported decreased satisfaction (p-value < 0.001). Patients who had visited the clinic for fewer years reported greater levels of satisfaction (p-value < 0.01).
Conclusions:
The study emphasizes the significance of demographic factors in determining patient satisfaction with mental health care. The findings underscore the need for targeted improvements in the delivery of mental health services, particularly in addressing access issues such as location and transportation limits. Adapting therapies to individual needs can enhance mental health outcomes and overall happiness.
القوى الصاعدة: دراسة في المؤشرات والمكانة الدولية
Authors: سيف نصرت توفيق  , سلام صايل حمود
Published: January 2025

بعد نهاية الحرب الباردة وتجزئة الاتحاد السوفيتي السابق شهد النظام العالمي ما سميّ بالقطبية الأُحادية لصالح الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية، فنهاية القرن العشرين أتسمت بسيطرة الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية غلى العالم كقوة عظمى(Super Power)، لكن مع مطلع القرن الحادي والعشرين شهد العالم صُعود مجموعة من القوى الدولية من مناطق مختلفة من العالم تعرف ب(القوى الصاعدة)، تمتاز هذه القوى بكونها تحمل مشروع التنافس على المكانة الدولية، تتمثل في كبرى الاقتصادات الناشئة، كان من شأن بروزها أن يحدث تغييراً كبيراً في خريطة توزيع القوى في النظام الدولي.
Makna Kata Umpatan Bahasa Jepang Kisama dan Temee dalam Anime Jojo no Kimyouna Bouken
Authors: I Made Budi Septiawan , Meidariani Ni Wayan
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis makna kata nomina umpatan kisama dan temee dalam bahasa Jepang, serta mengidentifikasi makna dalam konteks percakapan. Kata ‘kisama’ dan ‘temee’ merupakan kata ganti orang kedua yang memiliki konotasi sangat kasar dan menghina, dalam anime kedua kata ini sering kali digunakan dalam situasi marah atau konflik. Dalam mempelajari Bahasa Jepang, sering terjadi kebingungan karena makna kata yang mirip dan tidak memahami makna kata secara kontekstual. Berdasarkan dari latar belakang tersebut peneliti mengkaji makna kata umpatan 'kisama' dan 'temee' dalam Bahasa Jepang dengan teori semantics a view to logic of language oleh Hilman Pardede (2016) dengan conceptual meaning yaitu menambahkan fitur-fitur yang berbeda jika makna mempunyai fitur dikatakan (+) dan jika tidak memiliki fitur dikatakan (-). Tulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif digunakan untuk menganalisis penggunaan kedua kata kisama dan temee. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini berasal dari anime yang berjudul Jojo no Kimyouna Bouken. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kisama cenderung memiliki konotasi yang kasar dan digunakan dalam konteks yang lebih dramatis atau ekstrem, sementara temee lebih umum digunakan dalam percakapan informal dengan nuansa yang lebih langsung dan agresif. Penelitian ini juga menggarisbawahi pentingnya memahami konteks dan situasional dalam penggunaan kedua kata umpatan ini.
Kata kunci: bahasa Jepang; kisama; semantik; temee.
Gender in Arab literature: Between Feminism, Western Prejudices and Repackaging
Authors: Du’a Ahmad Nahrawi
Published: January 2025

Gender parity has become a controversial issue in Middle Eastern countries where manyoutsiders give Arab and/or Muslim women a stereotyped collective image. Arab and/orMuslim women are portrayed as either women oppressed by males and/or society and thenorms that prevail or more recently influenced by feminism. Therefore, many Arab writersr e c o g n i z e the importance of telling their own stories as a type of narrativeintervention, an antidote to the lies and misconceptions about their lives. It is thesignificance of this research to show those type of narrative intervention. The researchapplied descriptive qualitative design and the Arab feminist theory proposed by NawalSaadawi and Raidah Al-Ramadan. The research findings indicate that female protagonistis concerned with fighting patriarchy, colonialism, and middle-class family values. Womenare also represented as fugitives who fight for their rights and freedom.Key words: Feminism, Gender, Repackaging, Western Prejudices
The Importance of Body and Psychological Empowerments of STEM Chip in Upgrade Film
Authors: Anindya Thalita Salsabila  , Ananda Syahromi Putra  , Rommel Utungga Pasopati
Published: January 2025

This article explains how the chip of AI chip named STEM works to supports the human in Upgrade film. The film of Upgrade tells about a person who lost his ability to walk due to the paralysis he experiences and helped by an AI Chip that supports his life so he could be able doing his activity normally again. Through qualitative and explorative approach, this article explains how AI through STEM Chip helps to enhance the main character’s communication with his mind. His body is supported through physical helps of the AI system. His mind is shaped psychologically by the help of the machine regarding split consciousness inside his own head. In conclusion, AI chip from STEM in this particular film can help their owner with their own consciousness alongside body alongside psychological empowerment in that film.Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Body Empowerment; Psychological Empowerment; STEM Chip; Upgrade;
Pharmacological targeting of Ire1 of Candida albicans
Authors: Kumar Pritam
Published: January 2025

The common fungal pathogen Candida albicans primarily affects immunocompromised individuals and the rise in antifungal resistance underscores the urgent need for new treatment options. In this study, we investigate the potential of STF-83010, a human Ire1 inhibitor, as a treatment for candidiasis. Our findings reveal that STF-83010 effectively inhibits Hac1 splicing and increases susceptibility to DTT-induced ER stress. Additionally, the inhibitor significantly reduces biofilm formation and blocks the yeast-to-hyphal transition, two critical factors in C. albicans pathogenicity.

Further analysis indicates that STF-83010 impairs thermotolerance and reduces the expression of virulence-related genes. Our findings suggest that STF-83010 can be used as an antifungal treatment to target the UPR pathway in C. albicans.
Unveiling microbial single-cell growth dynamics under rapid periodic oxygen oscillations
Authors: Kasahara Keitaro , Seiffarth Johannes , Stute Birgit , von Lieres Eric , Drepper Thomas , Nöh Katharina , Kohlheyer Dietrich
Published: January 2025

Microbial metabolism and growth are tightly linked to oxygen (O2). Microbes experience fluctuating O2 levels in natural environments; however, our understanding of how cells respond to fluctuating O2 over various time scales remains limited, due to challenges in observing microbial growth at single-cell resolution under controlled O2 conditions and in linking individual cell growth with the specific O2 microenvironment. We performed time-resolved microbial growth analyses at single-cell resolution under a temporally controlled O2 supply. A multilayer microfluidic device was developed, featuring gas supply above a cultivation layer, separated by a thin membrane enabling efficient gas transfer. This platform enables microbial cultivation under constant, dynamic, and oscillating O2 conditions. Automated time-lapse microscopy and deep-learning-based image analysis provide access to spatiotemporally resolved growth data at the single-cell level. O2 switching within tens of seconds, coupled with precise monitoring of the microenvironment, allows us to accurately correlate cellular growth with local O2 concentrations. Growing Escherichia coli microcolonies subjected to varying O2 oscillation periods show distinct growth dynamics, characterized by response and recovery phases. The comprehensive growth data and insights gained from our unique platform are a crucial step forward to systematically study cell response and adaptation to fluctuating O2 environments at single-cell resolution.
A covalently bonded exchange coupled nanomagnet-based hydrogel composite for microrobotic applications
Authors: Hertle Lukas , Ko Hyeon , Gantenbein Valentin , Ye Hao , Veciana Andrea , Landers Fabian C. , Kim Minsoo , Zhang Elric , Puigmartí-Luis Josep , Estrader Marta , Chen Xiang-Zhong , Nelson Bradley J. , Pané Salvador
Published: January 2025

The last decade has witnessed rapid progress in the development of soft microrobots for biomedical applications, largely powered by the incorporation of new materials in their design to address various challenges. In this study, we introduce a unique magnetic nanoparticle-hydrogel composite designed for microrobot applications. This composite comprises iron platinum-zinc ferrite nanoparticles whose magnetic properties are enhanced by magnetic exchange-coupling behavior. The introduction of zinc ferrite further allows for grafting alkyne-bearing ligands on the nanoparticles, enabling them to be covalently immobilized within the hydrogel framework via azide-alkyne cycloaddition, thereby improving the composite’s stability. Using a template-assisted 3D fabrication technique, we demonstrated the feasibility of using this composite for soft microrobots. Hence, one could assume this straightforward procedure to be easily adapted to other material systems, facilitating the creation of more customized soft microrobots.
Mechanistic Insights into Ni₅Ga₃ Thin Film Catalysts: An Ambient Pressure XPS and DFT Study
Authors: Engel Robin , Romeggio Filippo , Ocampo-Restrepo Vivianne K. , Schouenborg Jonathan F. , R. Billeter Emanuel , Soldemo Markus , Degerman David , Garcia-Martinez Fernando , Kibsgaard Jakob , Chorkendorff Ib , Nørskov Jens K. , Damsgaard Christian D. , Nilsson Anders , Lömker Patrick
Published: January 2025

The intermetallic compound δ-Ni₅Ga₃ has emerged as a promising catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol, offering low-pressure operation, high selectivity, and enhanced stability compared to conventional Cu/ZnO catalysts. However, the fundamental understanding of its active sites, reaction mechanisms, and deactivation pathways remains incomplete, hindering its further development. In this study, we utilize well-defined δ-Ni₅Ga₃ thin film model catalysts synthesized via magnetron sputtering to investigate these aspects under realistic reaction conditions. Combining in situ ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS), μ-reactor activity testing, temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we reveal critical insights into the catalyst’s behavior. Our findings demonstrate: (1) dynamic surface evolution during activation, (2) the presence of key intermediates, such as formate, carboxyl, and methoxy species, which elucidate the methanol production pathway, and (3) catalyst deactivation at elevated temperatures. Notably, the study identifies distinct pathways for methanol synthesis and methanation, with methoxy formation correlating directly with methanol activity.
Screening Green Solvents for Multilayer Plastic Film Recycling Processes
Authors: Ikegwu Ugochukwu , del Carmen Munguía-López Aurora , Van Lehn Reid C. , Zavala Victor M.
Published: January 2025

Multilayer (ML) plastic films are essential packaging materials that help protect products from diverse external factors; however, only 5% of all ML films are recycled in the United States. Solvent-based technologies are a promising alternative for recycling ML films because they enable recovery of constituent polymer resins. For example, the Solvent Targeted Recovery and Precipitation (STRAP) process sequentially dissolves and separates polymer components using a series of targeted solvent washes. A crucial design aspect of this process is the impact of selected solvents on human health and on the environment. This work introduces a computational framework that integrates molecular modeling, process modeling, techno-economic analysis (TEA), and life-cycle analysis (LCA) for quickly screen green solvents for solvent-based ML recycling processes. Initial screening for solvents based on selectivity is performed by estimating temperature-dependent solubilities using molecular-scale models. Subsequent screening uses basic estimates of energy use and octanol-water partition coefficients (logP) as key measures of health, safety, and environmental hazards. Detailed process modeling, TEA, and LCA are used on a reduced set of promising solvents identified in early screening steps to more accurately determine how solvent selection and associated operating conditions impact overall economics and environmental impacts. The framework is used for the identification of green solvents (from a database of 1,000 solvents) that separate an industrial ML film composed of polyethylene (PE), ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Our analysis shows the effectiveness of the framework and reveals fundamental trade-offs between solvent greenness, solubility, and economics. Our work emphasizes the importance of taking a holistic systems view during solvent design and aims to inform the development of new processes for ML film recycling and the identification of new ML films that are easier to recycle.
Molecular orientation and stratification revealed in RNA-lipid nanoparticles using Cryogenic Orbitrap Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (Cryo-OrbiSIMS)
Authors: Kotowska Anna , Fay Michael , Watts Julie , Gilmore Ian , Scurr David , Howe Alaina , Capka Vladimir , Perez Corey , Doud Devin , Patel Siddharth , Umbarger Mark , Langer Robert , Alexander Morgan
Published: January 2025

Lipid nanoparticle-RNA formulations are used for the delivery of vaccines and other therapies. RNA molecules are encapsulated within their interior through electrostatic interactions with positively charged lipids. The identity of the lipids that present at their surface play a role in how they interact with and are perceived by the body and their resultant potency. To investigate the surface chemistry of two formulations we develop cryogenic sample preparation for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) prior to depth profiling Orbitrap secondary ion mass spectrometry (Cryo-OrbiSIMS). It is found that the depth distribution of individual lipid components is revealed relative to the surface and the RNA cargo defining the core. A preferential lipid orientation can be determined for the 1,2-Dimyristoyl-glycero-3-methox-polyethylene glycol 2000 (DMG-PEG2k) molecule, by comparing the profiles of different fragments from the same molecule, from PEG or DMG. PEG fragments are found at the LNP surface, while the DMG fragments are deeper, coincident with the RNA fragment from the core, in agreement with established models of LNPs. This laboratory-based de novo analysis technique requires no labelling, providing advantages over large facility neutron scattering characterisation.
Semantic Roles in the Metaphorical Representation of Emotions (Comparative Aspect)
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Kozhakhmetov Asel , Kazkenova Aimgul
Published: January 2025

The metaphorical EMOTION – LIQUID model is widely used in different world languages and has repeatedly been the object of linguistic research. The article aims to compare how the EMOTION – LIQ-UID model is implemented in the Kazakh and Russian languages at the level of semantic roles in which the designations of such basic emotions as sadness, joy, and anger can act.Examples of regular use of metaphors are selected using dictionary and corpus data. Applying the cluster approach in the study made it possible to cover the main designations of the emotions under con-sideration. Within the framework of research, special attention was also paid to the semantics of verbs and adjectives, which, on the one hand, maintain a connection with the source zone in metaphorical contexts and, on the other hand, form an idea of a particular semantic role and generally define a set of possible semantic roles within a given metaphorical model.The article describes the main systematic similarities and differences between languages in how EMOTION – LIQUID is conceptualized. As our analysis shows, in the Kazakh language, lexemes of the same cluster tend to perform the same semantic role. In contrast, there is a distribution of different lex-emes in the Russian language in several semantic roles.The results obtained are valuable for semantic and comparative research. In particular, the analysis of semantic roles makes it possible to clarify significantly the application of a particular metaphorical model in a particular language.
(SCAFFOLDING BASED ON THE LEVEL OF SOLO TAXONOMY OF STUDENT’S MA BAHRUL ULUM JOMBANG IN SOLVING THREE DIMENSIONAL DISTANCE PROBLEMS)
Authors: Umardiyah Fitri , Satiti Wisnu Siwi , Nasrulloh M. Farid
Published: January 2025

This study aims to get a description of the provision of scaffolding which can increase the level of SOLO taxonomy according to student’s needs. This research uses a qualitative approach. Researchers as the main instrument analyze the results of student test work and have in-depth interviews with students. Resuls of test and interviews are used as a reference in providing scaffolding to students. Scaffolding is reffering to the level of SOLO taxonomy of students. The level of SOLO taxonomy of students increases after scaffolding is given. Scaffolding that can increase the level of students's ability to solve geometry problems is scaffolding level 2, namely explaining (showing and telling), reviewing (students explaining and justifying; looking, touching and verbalising; prompting and probing questions; parralel modeling), restructuring (negotiating meanings) , and level 3 scaffolding, namely developing conceptual thinking (making connections).
The Role of The Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading System in the Carbon Regulation of the European Union
Authors: Lysunets M. V. , Makarenko R. A.
Published: January 2025

The relevance of the study is due to the need to study the features of low-carbon development of the world economy, to understand the mechanisms and tools of decarbonization, including the formation of a comprehensive policy providing for a wide range of measures to transition to a green economy with minimizing negative consequences.

   The subject of the study is the EU quota trading system as an economic instrument for regulating greenhouse gas emissions.

   The purpose of the work is to analyze the stages of development of the European quota trading system, identify the existing advantages and disadvantages of this system.

   As a result of the conducted research, the existing problems of the European quota trading system are identified; measures to improve the functioning of this system are described; the boundary carbon correction mechanism (as part of the development of the system) is investigated, including its impact on exporters to the EU.
The Use of English Communication Strategies by Thai EFL Interns
Authors: Phisutthangkoon Kittiya
Published: January 2025

This study focused on exploring English communication strategies used by 196 fourth-year Thai English as a Foreign Language students, comparing the types of English communication strategies used by the students of several majors within the same internship program. The study employed a mixed methods design. The findings reveal that, overall, the students moderately used communication strategies. Non-verbal strategies were employed the most, followed by appeals for assistance, and time-gaining strategies. Students from three majors, including English, hospitality management, and tourism similarly rated the non-verbal strategies as the most frequently used. In their view, these non-verbal strategies could provide hints to the interlocutor and also help to express their mood. While the students majoring in English and tourism rated appeal for assistance strategies as the second most frequently used, the students majoring in hotel management rated time-gaining strategies as the second most frequently used. The students from three majors similarly rated avoidance strategies as the least frequently used. They did not view such strategies to help maintain a professional conversation. In addition, overall, there were no significant differences among the means of English communication strategies used by students of different majors within the internship program (F (2,193) =.856, P =.425). However, when focusing on sub-types of communication strategies, the results showed that the English majors used significantly more circumlocution, approximation, and requests for clarification while using less foreignizing on average than students from both the hotel management and tourism majors. This is possibly related to their different levels of English proficiency.
Comparison of design methods for steel silos
Authors: Pichugin Sergii , Oksenenko Kateryna
Published: January 2025

The article describes the types of silos depending on the wall design. A review of the standard documents that are in force on the territory of Ukraine and regulate the determination of loads and forces in silos is carried out. The differences between the calculations of horizontal and vertical pressures on the walls of silos according to DBN B2.2-8-98 Enterprises, buildings and structures for grain storage and processing and DSTU-N B EN 1991-4:2012 Eurocode 1: Actions on structures – Part 4: Silos and tanks were analyzed. The design formulas for defining pressures according to two standards are given. The spreads of statistical properties of particulate solids are analyzed. The normative horizontal pressure and vertical frictional pressures for a flexible silo were calculated according to two standards. Graphs of horizontal and vertical pressures of particulate solids material on the walls of a flexible silo are presented. According to the calculations, it is concluded that the spreads of statistical properties of particulate solids has a significant impact on the magnitude of loads on the vertical walls of silos. It is noted that the value of the wall friction coefficient has a significant impact on the calculation of horizontal pressure
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ СИСТЕМИ ЗАХИСТУ ЦИФРОВОЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ У ФІНАНОВОМУ ОБЛІКУ
Authors: Фатенок-Ткачук Алла Алла
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Introduction. The constant development of technologies, changing forms of threats and the need to adapt to new conditions will require organizations to constantly improve their security systems.
The purpose of this work is to systematize theoretical provisions and substantiate practical recommendations regarding the organization of protection of digital financial accounting data.
Methods. In the process of research, the method of induction was used at the stage of collecting, processing and systematization of the received information, the method of analysis and synthesis - to combine the constituent elements of economic phenomena in a single process.
Results. The essential characteristics of the concepts of information security, digital security and data cyber security in the context of economic security of the enterprise are revealed. A set of measures in the system of organizing digital security of financial accounting data has been identified. National and international legal acts, standards and recommendations define mandatory requirements for data storage, processing and transmission, thus providing a legal basis for the implementation of information security policies. The main directions of state policy in the field of information security have been determined. The state in which business entities currently work is accompanied by constant cyber-attacks both on the enterprises themselves and on the totality of their digital data in the field of accounting and taxation. The main measures to ensure cyber security for critical infrastructure enterprises have been determined. They singled out the main problems of digital information protection in accounting, namely: data leakage; software attacks; phishing and social engineering; malware. The main methods of preventing cyber threats are summarized. Recommendations on the organization of the system for ensuring the security of digital data in financial accounting have been formed. The actions of the accounting staff of the enterprise or the enterprise of the partner, which may create a threat of information leakage, are singled out. A set of information sources in need of protection has been identified.
Conclusions. The digital information protection system should become an element of the company's accounting policy, and its implementation will contribute to the economic security of the business entity.
SUSTAINABLE HRM PRACTICES AND INNOVATION IN HEALTHCARE SMES: MEDIATING ROLE OF GREEN INNOVATION USING PLS-SEM ANALYSIS
Authors: Masood Rana Zehra
Published: January 2025

This study explores how sustainable Human Resource Management (HRM) practices influence business performance in healthcare SMEs, with green innovation acting as a mediating variable. Employing PLS-SEM, data was collected from 200 managers in healthcare SMEs across India. The findings show that green recruiting and selection, as well as green training and development, significantly enhance on sustainable business performance. Additionally, green innovation has been found to mediate the relationship between sustainable HRM practices and business performance, underscoring its critical role in driving organizational sustainability. These findings are consistent with current literature and highlight the strategic importance of incorporating environmental sustainability into HRM practices. For practitioners, the study offers valuable insights into designing and implementing green HRM strategies to achieve both environmental and business goals. The research highlights the need for healthcare SMEs to adopt sustainable HRM practices to stay competitive and compliant with regulatory standards, thereby ensuring long-term success. Future research should consider longitudinal studies, diverse industrial contexts, and broader dimensions of sustainable HRM to further validate and expand upon these findings.
OVERSEAS DIRECT INVESTMENT – A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Parihar Sakshi , Singh Komal
Published: January 2025

A huge body of research has been done on overseas direct investments (ODI) by companies in other countries. However, a holistic literature review has not been carried out. Globalization and the growth of multinationals have fuelled ODI over the years, reaching $1.55 trillion in 2023. The paper evaluates and categorizes 121 research papers published from 1975- 2023. The results highlight the key economic drivers of ODI, firm-level characteristics, modes of entry, and impact on the home country and recipient countries. The role of Government, local institutions, and individual champions in promoting ODI and steering the same in specific sectors is also evaluated. The geographical inclination of previous authors has been unequivocally China, thus espousing the scope for research in other regions. The paper also shares the data sources and different research methodologies that have been used for ease of future scholars. This paper aims to generate interest in the important topic of ODI and encourage research in the years to come.