bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Type-2 fuzzy self-tuning of modified fractional-order PID based on Takagi–Sugeno method
Authors: Ghany M. A. Abdel , Bahgat M. E. , Refaey W. M. , Sharaf Soliman
Published: January 2020

In this paper, Takagi–Sugeno (TS) fuzzy technique is combined with interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2-FSs) to design a new adaptive self-tuning fractional-order PID (FOPID) controller. TS fuzzy technique is used to construct a modified FOPID controller (TSMFOPID). IT2-FSs are used as a tuner for TSMFOPID to update their gains under parameter uncertainty change and to compensate the controlled system undesired effects of the sudden disturbances. Three types of IT2-FSs tuning methods are used for TSMFOPID. The first one is to tune the proportional–integral–derivative gains of the TSMFOPID. The second one deals with tuning the fractional orders of integral and derivative effects. The last one tunes the five parameters of the TSMFOPID. The responses of the fractional orders of the integral and derivative actions on the controlled system driven by TSMFOPID are given and discussed. The three tuning methods via IT2FST for TSMFOPID controller are applied to load frequency control as a case study of a power system comprising a single area. Comparative studies of the tuning type-1 fuzzy sets (T1FSTs) and IT2FST methods for controlled system using TSMFOPID are carried out and the results are discussed. The results prove that the proposed IT2FST for TSMFOPID controller is very useful for considered application over disturbance changes and parameter uncertainties.
Identifying schizophrenia patients who carry pathogenic genetic copy number variants using standard clinical assessment: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Foley Claire , Heron Elizabeth A. , Harold Denise , Walters James , Owen Michael , O'Donovan Michael , Sebat Jonathan , Kelleher Eric , Mooney Christina , Durand Amy , Pinto Carlos , Cormican Paul , Morris Derek , Donohoe Gary , Gill Michael , Gallagher Louise , Corvin Aiden
Published: January 2020

Background

Copy number variants (CNVs) play a significant role in disease pathogenesis in a small subset of individuals with schizophrenia (~2.5%). Chromosomal microarray testing is a first-tier genetic test for many neurodevelopmental disorders. Similar testing could be useful in schizophrenia.

Aims

To determine whether clinically identifiable phenotypic features could be used to successfully model schizophrenia-associated (SCZ-associated) CNV carrier status in a large schizophrenia cohort.

Method

Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves tested the accuracy of readily identifiable phenotypic features in modelling SCZ-associated CNV status in a discovery data-set of 1215 individuals with psychosis. A replication analysis was undertaken in a second psychosis data-set (n = 479).

Results

In the discovery cohort, specific learning disorder (OR = 8.12; 95% CI 1.16–34.88, P = 0.012), developmental delay (OR = 5.19; 95% CI 1.58–14.76, P = 0.003) and comorbid neurodevelopmental disorder (OR = 5.87; 95% CI 1.28–19.69, P = 0.009) were significant independent variables in modelling positive carrier status for a SCZ-associated CNV, with an area under the ROC (AUROC) of 74.2% (95% CI 61.9–86.4%). A model constructed from the discovery cohort including developmental delay and comorbid neurodevelopmental disorder variables resulted in an AUROC of 83% (95% CI 52.0–100.0%) for the replication cohort.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that careful clinical history taking to document specific neurodevelopmental features may be informative in screening for individuals with schizophrenia who are at higher risk of carrying known SCZ-associated CNVs. Identification of genomic disorders in these individuals is likely to have clinical benefits similar to those demonstrated for other neurodevelopmental disorders.
In vivo analysis of formin dynamics in the moss P. patens reveals functional class diversification
Authors: van Gisbergen Peter , Wu Shu-Zon , Cheng Xiaohang , Pattavina Kelli A. , Bezanilla Magdalena
Published: January 2020

Formins are actin regulators critical for diverse processes across eukaryotes. With many formins in plants and animals, it has been challenging to determine formin function in vivo. We found that the phylogenetically distinct class I integral membrane formins (denoted For1) from the moss P. patens enrich at sites of membrane turnover, with For1D more tightly associated with the plasma membrane than For1A. To probe formin function, we generated formin-null lines with greatly reduced formin complexity. We found that For1A and For1D help to anchor actin near the cell apex, with For1A contributing to formation of cytosolic actin, while For1D contributes to plasma membrane-associated actin. At the cortex, For1A and For1D localized to motile puncta and differentially impacted actin dynamics. We found that class I cortical formin mobility depended on microtubules and only moderately on actin, whereas class II formin (denoted For2) mobility solely depended on actin. Moreover, cortical For2A tightly correlated with the puncta labeled by the endocytic membrane dye FM4-64, and null mutants in class I formins did not affect uptake of a similar dye, FM1-43, suggesting that class I and II formins are involved in distinct membrane trafficking pathways.
Using the “Uniform Scale” to facilitate meta-analysis where exposure variables are qualitative and vary between studies – methodology, examples and software
Authors: Lee Peter N , Hamling Jan , Fry John S , Vandyke Sonja , Weitkunat Rolf
Published: January 2020

Meta-analyses often combine covariate-adjusted effect estimates (odds ratios or relative risks) and confidence intervals relating a specified endpoint to a given exposure.  Standard techniques are available to do this where the exposure is a simple presence/absence variable, or can be expressed in defined units.  However, where the definition of exposure is qualitative and may vary between studies, meta-analysis is less straightforward.  We introduce a new “Uniform Scale” approach allowing expression of effect estimates in a consistent manner, comparing individuals with the most and least possible exposure. 

In 2008, we presented methodology and made available software to obtain estimates for specific pairwise comparisons of exposure, such as any versus none, where the source paper provides estimates for multiple exposure categories, expressed relative to a common reference group.  This methodology takes account of the correlation between the effect estimates for the different levels.  We have now extended our software, available in Excel, SAS and R, to obtain effect estimates per unit of exposure, whether the exposure is defined or is to be expressed in the “Uniform Scale”.  Examples of its use are presented.
Respiratory concerns of gabapentin and pregabalin: What does it mean to the pharmacovigilance systems in developing countries?
Authors: Shrestha Sunil , Palaian Subish
Published: January 2020

Gabapentin and pregabalin, commonly known as gabapentinoids, have been widely used globally. This paper highlights the serious breathing problems due to using gabapentin and pregabalin which was warned by the United States Food and Drug Administration on December, 2019. In this article, we tried to recommend suggestions for controlling these adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Safety reports of gabapentin and pregabalin should be obtained from concerned manufacturers and reviewed for respiratory depression effects. There should be strict prescription monitoring and drug use evaluation studies. Concurrent use of gabapentin and pregabalin with other respiratory depressants should be strictly monitored. Educating patients can help in the early detection of ADRs due to gabapentin and pregabalin. Anecdotal reports on these medications should be encouraged.
Impact of Cropping Systems on Soil Microbial Load: Evidence from Wetland Ecosystems of Wayanad District, Kerala
Authors: Asiya P , Menon Manjula , Gopi Girigan , Das Vipin
Published: January 2020

This study enumerated the microbial communities in soil samples from rice, banana and arecanut from the wet lands of Wayanad district Kerala. The total viable bacterial count in the paddy field was 120x10-6 cfu, 121x10-6 cfu and 147x10-6 cfu in Nenmeni, Kaniyambatta and Pozhuthana Gramapanchayat and that of fungi was 30x10-3 cfu, 32 x10-3 cfu and 37 x10-3 cfu. Likewise, the total viable count of bacteria in areca nut at Nenmeni, Kaniyambatta and Pozhuthana Gramapanchayat was 66 x10-6 cfu, 80 x10-6 cfu, 118 x10-6 cfu and that of fungi was 14 x10-3 cfu, 18 x10-3 cfu, and 30 x10-3 cfu. The total viable count of bacteria in banana field at Nenmeni, and Pozhuthana was 51 x10-6 cfu and that of Kaniyambatta Gramapanchayath was 56 x10-6 cfu. The viable fungal colony at Nenmeni and Kaniyambatta was 18x10-3 cfu and that of Pozhuthana Gramapanchayath was 24 x10-6 cfu.
In-Vitro Antagonistic Activity of Plant Extract on Fusarium Species
Authors: Asiya P , Sreeraj PR , John Joseph , Ramya PB
Published: January 2020

Plant protection is an important area which needs attention since most of the hazardous inputs added into the agricultural system are in the form of plant protection chemicals. Botanicals possess a variety of promising properties which make it a better biocontrol agent. The objectives of the present study were to isolate Fusarium sp. from soil and to check the effect of botanicals against this fungal pathogen in-vitro. The antagonistic activity of botanicals was studied by co-inoculation with the Fusarium sp. isolated from rhizosphere soil. In poison food technique, the botanicals in different concentration, showed decrease in the growth of the fungal pathogen. Maximum inhibition was observed in 10% Azadiracta sp. with 64% inhibition followed by 5% Azadiracta sp. with 57.8%
A Comparative Study on Water Management Practices in India with Special Reference to Gujarat and Meghalaya
Authors: Jain Naini , Makkar Neha
Published: January 2020

India is experiencing the most terrible water emergency in its history and a large number of lives are under risk. The fast development of populace joined with rising degrees of utilization and contamination has expanded water frailty in India. Meghalaya, concealed in the slopes of eastern sub-Himalayas is one of the most excellent states in the nation. Nature has favoured her with plenteous precipitation, sun-sparkle, virgin timberlands, high levels, tumbling cascades, completely clear waterways, wandering streamlets or more all with strong, shrewd and accommodating individuals. Yet Meghalaya had the lowest Water Index score of 26.This paper studies nine parameters where Meghalaya (being the worst performer with score of 26) is lagging behind from Gujarat (being the highest performer with the score of 76) in Composite Water Index. A descriptive analysis has been done and lessons gained are proposed for the management of water crisis in the state of Meghalaya.
Understanding the Influence of Utilitarian and Hedonic Factors on Buying Behaviour of Gen Y while Purchasing Smartphones
Authors: Kiran Prabha , Thomas Terry , Johny Jerin , Jose Deepak
Published: January 2020

The paper focuses on the influence of utilitarian and hedonic factors on the buying behaviour of the Gen Y consumers while purchasing smartphones. The researcher has followed a mixed method approach for the research with a descriptive research design. Primary data was collected through a survey that was conducted with 450 participants which consisted of teenagers and adults aged between 16-30 years. This collected data was then quantified using mathematical tools to come to a conclusion. Secondary data was collected from online published research articles and convenience. The influence of both these factors have a different sense of impact on every individual in the buying process, but post analysis, utilitarian factors gained primacy over hedonic factors.
Pushing Mind to the Limits: Visual Forms in Dharmadāsa’s "Vidagdhamukhamaṇḍana"
Authors: Cielas Hermina
Published: January 2020

People have always tried to master memorizing—a factor playing an immense role in the circulation of Indian literature. To commit to memory seemed to be one of the characteristics of educated people, the source of knowledge and respect. Literary riddles were a great tool for shaping and sharpening the mind. As multi-leveled exercises they engage different parts of the brain in the process of memorizing. Dharmadāsa’s work, Vidadghamukhamaṇḍana, “The Ornament of the Wise Man’s Mouth” (ca. 11th century), served as a manual helping to enhance cognitive skills. Bandhas, visual forms included in Vidadghamukhamaṇḍana combined with other literary riddles, create complex enigmas, pushing minds to the limits and forcing those who accept the challenge to unveil multiple layers, denotations and connotations in the text. The readers/listeners stretch their abilities to solve the riddles set by the author, who has crossed the boundaries of poetical compositions and rules concerning the creation of visual forms in Sanskrit literature. Bandhas of this kind play an important role in the history and development of Indian visual poetry. Their unique character and function allow us to distinguish a coherent trend in the tradition of Sanskrit citrakāvya.
Viṣṇu As a Hunter: Pāñcarātra Saṃhitās on Hunting Procession/Festival
Authors: Dębicka-Borek Ewa
Published: January 2020

The paper examines Pāñcarātra prescriptions pertaining to a hunting procession/festival (mṛgayātrā/mṛgayotsava), chiefly as held on two main occasions: on the 8th day of mahotsava and on the vīralakṣmyutsava, the latter corresponding with vijayadaśamī which concludes mahānavamī/ navarātri. Through equating the god with a hunter, a ritual hunt displays strong associations with royal power. However, these two occasions of sending the deity for hunting seem to deal with different models of a ruler and his relation to his realm: a ruler who enjoys it (as in terms of a hunting game in a garden) and a ruler who subjugates it (as in terms of new territories traversed while hunting in a forest). As I argue, a key issue in discerning those models appears to be an event of crossing the border of a domesticated space, which also makes the presence of Viṣṇu’s wives on his side impossible.
On the Boundary between "Yogakkhema" in the "Suttapiṭaka" and "Yogakṣema" in the "Upaniṣads" and "Bhagavadgītā"
Authors: Neri Chiara , Pontillo Tiziana
Published: January 2020

The combination of the stems yoga- and khema-/kṣema- occurs in phrases or compounds in both ancient and in middle Indo-Aryan sources but what is intriguing is that such a combination is generally interpreted as coordinating in the former occurrences and as subordinating in the latter ones. In particular, yogakkhema- within the Buddhist Theravāda Canon and its commentarial literature is regularly analysed as a tatpuruṣa and often translated as ‘freedom from bondage or safety’.We recently presented a part of the Vedic and Pali documentation collected in the context of more broadly shared research on this subject during the 18th Conference of the International Association of Buddhist Studies (Section: “Buddhism and Its relation to other religions”) held at the University of Toronto on August 20th–25th, 2017, now published as Pontillo and Neri 2019. The case of yogakṣema/yogakkhema in Vedic and Suttapiṭaka sources. In response to Norman. In: Journal of Indian Philosophy 47(3): 527–563. Here, we shall take a further step in the above-mentioned comparison by concentrating on the occurrences of the compound yogakṣema/yogakkhema as found in the upaniṣads and in the Bhagavadgītā and in some comparable Suttapiṭaka passages with the aim of understanding what might have been the boundary that this word historically crossed in the framework of an assumed dialogue between different traditions.
A (Thin) Boundary Not to Be Crossed, or "Lakṣmaṇ-rekhā"
Authors: Stasik Danuta
Published: January 2020

This paper discusses the concept of lakṣmaṇ-rekhā that originates in the later Rāmāyaṇa tradition and for centuries has functioned as a metaphorical expression denoting a strict (moral) boundary that should not be crossed, as its transgression inevitably exposes one to danger. It has featured prominently in Indian public discourse on female chastity and is also very much present in different socio-cultural and political contexts, often vocalised in literature, works of art, etc. In the concept of lakṣmaṇ-rekhā, one of the most basic and at the same time most important functions performed in culture by symbolic boundaries is manifested—the function of delineating the known, familiar, safe and permissible from the unknown, unfamiliar, dangerous, impermissible. Significantly, these boundaries have inherent moral weight and help individuals as well as whole societies to structure and regulate the universe they live in, on the micro- and macro-scale.In this paper, first I discuss textual evidence that can be found in wellknown Hindi Rāmāyaṇas such as the Rāmcaritmānas, the Rāmcandrikā and Rādheśyām Rāmāyaṇ, as well as in the Sūrsāgar. This analysis of literary material is meant to contextualise various levels of explicit and implicit meanings of the concept of lakṣmaṇ-rekhā that emerge from traditional sources in Hindi. In the second part of this article, I offer a survey of relevant Hindi dictionary entries and then focus on modern non-literary (and not only Hindi) usages of lakṣmaṇ-rekhā. Finally, I place the previously examined literary and linguistic material in the context of the findings of contemporary social scientists on the concept of symbolic boundaries (Epstein 1992). It is hoped that this study that gives emphasis to structuring and regulating (but not only) aspect of boundaries can contribute to our understanding of how broadly understood safety and values are negotiated in contemporary Indian society by way of drawing (ethical) boundaries and what happens if they are compromised.
The Metaphor of Boundary Crossing in Classical Sanskrit Literature
Authors: Trynkowska Anna
Published: January 2020

The paper deals with the metaphor the non-physical boundaries are physical boundaries in Classical Sanskrit literature (kāvya), especially in the mahākāvya (sargabandha) or the court epic genre. Several selected instances of the usage of this metaphor are analysed here in detail in their various contexts. In the stanzas discussed in the paper, the metaphor is skillfully elaborated by the authors: a man staying within/breaking/crossing the boundaries of law and/or propriety (maryādā) is most frequently metaphorically conceptualized as the ocean, normally staying within the boundaries of its shoreline (maryādā/velā) but violently overflowing them during universal destruction (pralaya).
El gobierno corporativo, un pilar indispensable para el desempeño financiero
Authors: Correa Mejía Diego Andres , Quintero Castaño Juan David , Gómez Orozco Sebastián , Castro Castro Cristian Mauricio
Published: January 2020

El gobierno corporativo es un mecanismo que ha venido solucionando los problemas que existen entre los intereses de los directivos de una organización y sus stakeholders, el cual efectúa la revelación de información financiera real por parte de la gestión. El objetivo primordial para este trabajo, es analizar el impacto del gobierno corporativo sobre el desempeño financiero de las compañías. Para esto, se toma como referencia información financiera presentada por las empresas que cotizan en la Bolsa de Valores de Colombia, sumada a sus respectivos indicadoresde rentabilidad. Con la información recopilada, se desarrolló un panel de datos que permitió identificar una relación positiva entre las prácticas de gobierno corporativo y el desempeño financiero. Se concluye que el gobierno corporativo permite fortalecer el desempeño financiero de las empresas, pues es una estrategia que atrae a nuevos inversionistas y respalda a los inversionistas minoritarios.
How Big-4 Firms Improve Audit Quality
Authors: Che Limei , Hope Ole-Kristian , Langli John Christian
Published: January 2020

This paper studies whether and how Big-4 firms provide higher-quality audits than non-Big-4 firms. Specifically, we first examine a Big-4 effect and then explore three sources of the Big-4 effect. To test the Big-4 effect, we use a unique data set of individual audit partners for a large sample of private companies and a novel research design exploiting the fact that auditees may follow the auditor who switches affiliation from a non-Big-4 firm to a Big-4 firm. Thus, we compare audit quality and audit fees of the same partner–auditee pairs before and after the switch. The results show that the Big-4 effect exists in the private-firm segment. More important, we find evidence for three sources of the Big-4 effect. First, Big-4 firms are able to recruit non-Big-4 partners who deliver higher audit quality than other non-Big-4 partners in the preswitch period. Second, enhanced learning has taken place after the switch. Third, the increased audit quality can also be attributed to stronger incentives/monitoring. These are new findings to the literature.

This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.
Game of Variable Contributions to the Common Good Under Uncertainty
Authors: Kwon H. Dharma
Published: January 2020

When multiple agents have an opportunity to invest in improving the common good, the free rider problem arises. Many businesses and policymakers grapple with these free rider problems arising from the common good. For instance, this problem arises when governments or individual firms decide how much to invest in the environment as the common good. The theoretical examination of the mathematical model in previous literature has shown a mild form of the free rider effect. In stark contrast, the article, “Game of Variable Contributions to the Common Good under Uncertainty,” shows that a simple game-theoretic model of investment in the common good can result in a severe form of the free rider effect, much akin to what happens in a game of chicken. The article also shows that if the players are asymmetric and the environment has randomness, the free rider effect can be mitigated.
The Discourse of Climate Change and Womens Health: Some Insights on Gender Mainstreaming
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Kuheli , Das Nandini
Published: January 2020

Climate Change has an overwhelming health impact on all, especially on the women, constituting around 49. 58% of the global population. There is ample literary evidence in support of the claim that a changing climate has a differentiated impact on humanity and that it is not “gender neutral”. Climate driven food scarcity, poor air quality, rising temperature and extreme weather events (floods, droughts, heat waves etc. ), acute water shortage, increasing incidence of vector borne diseases make the situation all the more dreadful for women in particular. And this vulnerability gets even more critical because of various biological, political, social and cultural factors that historically contributed against women and their empowerment. Though women are reservoirs of indigenous knowledge about how to deal with the aftermath of climatic changes, yet they remain largely untapped. However the importance of gender based climate action plan was long absent in arena of international climate negotiation. It was only in COP7 (2001) where women’s involvement in climate action had first caught global attention and subsequently nodal international bodies are working on formulating programmes and appropriate policies for promoting gender balance. However, the progress on this has been limited in comparison to the magnitude of impacts of climatic changes on women’s health and hence much more needs to be done on the policy front so as to promote gender equity and women’s participation in various adaptation and mitigation policies.
Removable Dentures and the Worn Dentition
Authors: Ali Rahat , Cowan Callum , Leven A Johanna
Published: January 2020

For patients presenting with more severe forms of tooth wear, removable dentures offer an alternative means of prosthodontic rehabilitation. The use of overdentures, onlay dentures or overlay dentures to restore severely worn teeth can achieve excellent aesthetic and functional results. This article looks at the indications for treatment planning and provision of these prostheses.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The use of these prostheses may prove a useful treatment option for the dental clinician managing the moderate to severely worn dentition.
Space Maintenance in the Mixed Dentition – a Necessary Intervention or a Step Too Far?
Authors: Manas Dave , Carly Dixon , Jones Paddy , Stephen Chadwick , Siobhan Barry
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Primary teeth provide aesthetics and function whilst maintaining arch length and also space for their permanent successors. Unplanned, early loss of primary teeth can result in unwanted migration of permanent teeth, causing loss of arch length, crowding, displacement of teeth and therefore malocclusion. The purpose of this review is to discuss the different types of fixed and removable space maintainers available in the mixed dentition and their clinical indications.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This manuscript should inform readers of the different types of space maintainers available for young children, their clinical indications and also their limitations.
Achieving correction of a posterior scissorbite with a mini-screw
Authors: Matharu Jason , Macey-Dare Lucy , Dickson James , Farrier Jerry
Published: January 2020

Scissorbite correction of posterior teeth can often be challenging. For adolescent patients, they may occur due to late eruption of the second permanent molar teeth after appliances are removed, or due to operator preference not to include them on the appliance. This case report describes a 17-year-old patient who had previously been treated with fixed appliances but did not originally have second permanent molars bonded. Complete correction of the scissorbite on the UR7 was effectively achieved in 14 weeks using a minimal system comprising only a palatal mini-screw, molar band and elastomeric chain.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Mini-screws placed in a palatal position can provide an effective way to correct posterior scissorbites.
The history and development of breast implants
Authors: Perry D , Frame JD
Published: January 2020

This review discusses the historical development of smooth and textured silicone gel filled implants, and examines the reasoning behind product development and aspects of surgical technique from a surgeon’s perspective.
Coupled Internationalisms: Charting Muhammad Barkatullah's Anti-colonialism and Pan-Islamism
Authors: Siddiqui Samee
Published: January 2020

This article explores the transition of Muhammad Barkatullah (1864–1927), a Muslim Indian living under British colonial rule, from an intellectual demanding imperial reform to an anti-British revolutionary. Although much of the scholarly literature has analyzed Barkatullah's revolutionary activities after the First World War, the focus of this article will be on the early period of his career from the 1880s until 1914. In examining his movements, writings, and connections with various networks in the context of major global events, this article argues, first, that his revolutionary turn took place in the context of a global conversation on race, empire, and religion from the 1880s until the lead-up to the Great War, and second, that his anti-colonial (inter)nationalism was coupled with his Pan-Islamism.
Characterization of a spatial light modulator using polarization-sensitive digital holography
Authors: Tiwari Vipin , Gautam Surya Kumar , Naik Dinesh N. , Singh Rakesh Kumar , Bisht Nandan S.
Published: January 2020

We show a digital holographic approach for polarimetric characterization of a twisted nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulator (TNLC-SLM). An experimental scheme is designed to perform polarization analysis of the SLM with gray levels. This is realized by simultaneous detection of the polarization states of the light from the SLM for a given gray level with the help of a specially designed spatial-frequency multiplex polarization interferometer. This provides amplitude and phase characteristics of the SLM in a single shot. In order to characterize the SLM, we perform Jones matrix imaging at its various gray values (driving voltages), and corresponding results are presented. These results are expected to be useful in designing and developing various SLM-based experiments in the scalar and vectorial domain.
Multispectral imaging via nanostructured random broadband filtering
Authors: Wu Xiaolin , Gao Dahua , Chen Qin , Chen Jie
Published: January 2020

It is a challenge to acquire a snapshot image of very high resolutions in both spectral and spatial domain via a single short exposure. In this setting one cannot trade time for spectral resolution, such as via spectral bands scanning. Cameras of color filter arrays (CFA) (e.g., the Bayer mosaic) cannot obtain high spectral resolution. To overcome these difficulties, we propose a new multispectral imaging system that makes random linear broadband measurements of the spectrum via a nanostructured multispectral filter array (MSFA). These MSFA random measurements can be used by sparsity-based recovery algorithms to achieve much higher spectral resolution than conventional CFA cameras, without sacrificing spatial resolution. The key innovation is to jointly exploit both spatial and spectral sparsity properties that are inherent to spectral irradiance of natural objects. Experimental results establish the superior performance of the proposed multispectral imaging system over existing ones.
GaAs-based subwavelength grating on an AlOx layer for a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser
Authors: Liu Anjin , Yang Bo , Wolf Philip , Zhang Jing , Bimberg Dieter
Published: January 2020

A GaAs-based subwavelength grating on a thick (∼3/4*λ at 1300 nm) AlO
x
layer is designed, fabricated, and characterized. The AlO
x
layer as a low-index medium is oxidized from a 640-nm Al0.9Ga0.1As layer. The layer contraction of the Al0.9Ga0.1As layer after wet oxidation to AlO
x
is 4.9%. We fabricated GaAs-based subwavelength gratings on the AlO
x
layer showing a high reflectivity of 90% in the 1300-nm wavelength range, consistent with the simulation results. Such GaAs-based subwavelength gratings can be used as high-contrast grating mirrors for narrow-linewidth VCSELs, improving the mechanical stability and simplifying the device fabrication.
“E indo a Carvalho, de la veyo boa”: os exorcismos numa paróquia portuguesa durante o século XVIII
Authors: Sartin Philippe Delfino
Published: January 2020

O artigo apresenta os resultados da pesquisa realizada no Arquivo da Universidade de Coimbra (AUC) acerca da prática de exorcismos no território do bispado, durante o século XVIII. Busca caracterizar o registro documental, redefinir alguns conceitos e elucidar a presença de um destacado exorcista, responsável por muitas curas e, igualmente, muitos testemunhos por parte da população.

Palavras-chave: Visitas pastorais; exorcismos; feitiços; poder eclesiástico.
O hedonismo de ver e de ser visto
Authors: Rocco Junior Ary José , Marques José Carlos , Leite Parolini Pedro Lucas
Published: January 2020

Este artigo propõe-se analisar como a selfie (um neologismo com origem no termo self-portrait, que significa autorretrato) e a posterior publicação dessas imagens nas redes sociais passaram a configurar uma prática corrente do indivíduo na contemporaneidade, numa pós-sociedade do espetáculo envolvida com a procura do prazer hedonista. Esse comportamento exibicionista em torno da exposição do “eu” ganhou novos contornos no meio do esporte, no qual espectadores e até atletas passaram a fazer uso da selfie como busca da satisfação em ver e ser visto, durante ou após o término das competições esportivas. Para compreender este fenômeno, realizamos uma revisão bibliográfica a respeito da selfie e, a partir de exemplos recentes que marcaram a cena esportiva nos últimos anos no Brasil e em Portugal, estabelecemos relações entre essa prática com os conceitos de comunidade, comunidade virtual e habitus (este tal como definido pelo sociólogo francês Pierre Bourdieu).
A voz dos atletas
Authors: Figueiredo Tatiane Hilgemberg
Published: January 2020

Atualmente é impossível pensar em um grande evento esportivo sem a presença dos meios de comunicação. Assim é fácil notarmos que “o que” a mídia cobre e “como” realiza essa cobertura, e trata os participantes em cada esporte, podem ser questões que criam barreiras. No entanto o objeto das coberturas midiáticas esportivas, raramente é ouvido por pesquisadores. Assim, esse estudo visa analisar como atletas paralímpicos brasileiros percebem, entendem e interpretam suas próprias representações nos meios de comunicação, e o que pensam sobre a cobertura midiática dos Jogos Paralímpicos. Em linhas gerais concluimos que alguns atletas preferem ser representados exclusivamente como atletas de alto nível, enquanto outros como exemplo de superação, no entanto, o tema mais forte apresentou-se como a indissociabilidade das características do ser em sua apresentação; os entrevistados querem que o esporte e a deficiência sejam representados como partes importantes que compõe sua identidade.
Os clubes de futebol e novas formas de produzir a informação desportiva
Authors: Borges Fernando Vannier
Published: January 2020

A indústria do futebol vem crescendo economicamente e os clubes passam por um processo de racionalização, que profissionaliza gestores e busca mão- -de-obra especializada. Em paralelo, a digitalização provocou alterações no mercado dos media desportivos, aumentando a oferta de conteúdos e abrindo espaço a novos atores. Os clubes de futebol criaram seus próprios canais de comunicação, empregando profissionais com formação e experiência em jornalismo para a produção de conteúdos informativos. Neste trabalho, Benfica, Botafogo e PSG serão analisados, tendo sido escolhidos pela inovação na gestão e criação de conteúdos audiovisuais (Benfica criou a primeira TV de clube em Portugal; Botafogo com um canal próprio em redes sociais e críticas positivas da imprensa; PSG inovou ao fazer um canal para web). Esse estudo permite refletir sobre as mudanças no campo do jornalismo. Os resultados mostram que a produção da informação obedece ao mesmo tempo a lógicas próprias dos clubes e do jornalismo.
Biological Characteristics of West Nile Virus and Its Correlation with the Development of Antiviral Drugs and Vaccines
Authors: Nurjanah Diana , Dharmayanti N L P I
Published: January 2020

West Nile virus (WNV) is a zoonotic RNA virus. Its genome encodes 3 structural and 7 non-structural proteins. Mutations can occur in both structural and non-structural proteins of the virus. Mutations can enhance the pathogenicity and virulence, but some mutations are beneficial for the development of vaccines. Licensed vaccines are only available for horses, while vaccines for humans are still under development. In Indonesia, WNV infection was detected in 2014 in West and East Java, but vaccines and antiviral drugs in both animals and humans are not yet available. This review describe the characteristic of structural and non-structural proteins of WNV and its correlation with mutations and the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs. Molecular identification and further research is needed to predict, prevent and control WNV infections in vectors, susceptible animals and humans.
ANALISIS HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS (HOTS) PADA SOAL UJIAN AKHIR SISWA KELAS 6 KMI DALAM KELOMPOK MATA PELAJARAN DIROSAH ISLAMIYAH DI PONDOK MODERN TAZAKKA BATANG
Authors: Ahmad Iqbal Faza , Sukiman Sukiman
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui komposisi soal ujian akhir siswa kelas 6 Kulliyatul Muallimin al-Islamiyah (KMI) kelompok mata pelajaran Dirasah Islamiyah di pondok modern Tazakka Batang dilihat dari tingkat kemampuan berpikir menurut taksonomi Bloom dan mengetahui karakteristik Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) yang terdapat pada soal ujian akhir kelompok mata pelajaran Dirasah Islamiyah tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif analitik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data diuji menggunakan teknik triangulasi yang meliputi triangulasi sumber dan teknik,  dan analisis data dilakukan melalui transcript, coding, dan verification. Hasil penelitian menunjukan: 1) Komposisi soal ujian akhir siswa kelas 6 KMI kelompok mata pelajaran Dirasah Islamiyah (Tauhid, Fiqih dan Tarikh Islam) dilihat dari tingkat kemampuan berpikir menurut  taksonomi Bloom yang dominan adalah soal yang termasuk dalam kategori tingkat berpikir   mengingat dan memahami. (C1 dan C2). Ada sebagian kecil soal yang memuat kemampuan berpikir  mengaplikasikan, menganalisis dan mengevaluasi (C3, C4 dan C5)  dan tidak ada butir soal yang memuat kemampuan berpikir mencipta (C6). 2) Soal ujian mata pelajaran Tauhid, Fiqih dan Tarikh Islam dalam Ujian Akhir siswa kelas 6 KMI di Pondok Modern Tazakka disusun tidak berdasarkan kepada pertimbangan karakteristik soal Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS). Namun, setelah penulis analisis, ada sebagian soal kelompok mata pelajaran Dirasah Islamiyah tersebut yang memiliki beberapa karakteristik HOTS. Soal yang paling banyak memenuhi karaketeristik HOTS adalah soal ujian mata pelajaran Fiqih, disusul Tauhid dan Sejarah Islam.
NILAI DASAR DAN MORALITAS KEPEMIMPINAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Rusnadi Rusnadi , Hafidhah Hafidhah
Published: January 2020

Tulisan ini dibuat untuk menjelaskan tentang hakikat kepemimpinan pendidikan Islam.  Didalam lembaga pendidikan Islam dibutuhkan pemimpin yang mempunyai nilai dasar, moralitas serta karakteristik yang ideal demi kemajuan lembaga pendidikan Islam. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode library research dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Setelah diketahui bahwa nilai dasar yang harus dimiliki seorang pemimpin adalah mempunyai niat tulus dan ikhlas untuk berbuat baik dengan rasa tanggung jawab dan komitmen penuh, serta mampu meleburkan diri dengan semua komponen yang ada dalam lembaga tersebut dengan berdasarkan Iman, Ilmu dan akhlak. Selain itu moral dari seorang pemimpin juga harus berpegang teguh kepada aqidah dan syariah dengan menanamkan nilai-nilai keislaman dalam kehidupan karena itu merupakan kunci utama dalam kemajuan pendidikan Islam. Jika pemimpin sudah mempunyai nilai dasar dan moral tersebut maka ia akan mampu menjelma menjadi pemimpin yang ideal dan berkarakteristik sebagaimana yang dicontohkan oleh Rasulullah SAW dengan mempunyai sifat adil, amanah, fathonah, tabligh, siasah, siddiq dan sabar.
Protesting “For Conscience’ Sake”: Resistance to Civil Defense at Drew University, 1960 - 1962
Authors: Willever Daniel J.
Published: January 2020

In the midst of growing resistance to civil defense planning during the early 1960s, a series of protests occurred at Drew University. Students planned and participated in direct-action civil disobedience against Operation Alert (OPAL) shelter drills on the campus in 1960 and 1961. This paper explores the legal and social consequences of those protests, contextualizing the student activism within the national anti-nuclear movement. Sources such as media coverage, organizational and personal correspondence, oral history interviews with participants, and court records are synthesized into an analysis of the student-activists’ beliefs, plans, goals, and achievements. This paper argues that the protests are representative of a larger shift in the antinuclear movement. Despite the fact that the Drew protests garnered little public attention beyond New Jersey, they demonstrate a new phase of the Cold War, in which the average American felt empowered to take a stand against the once all-powerful nuclear state. The thirteen students who protested in 1960 or 1961 were motivated by their personal convictions and inspired by contemporary resistance movements. They were both empowered by and supportive of a cultural shift against the assumption that preparation for nuclear war was a patriotic duty that every American must embrace.
NJSAA Research Grant Now Available to Students of NJ Studies
Authors: Ziobro Melissa
Published: January 2020

The New Jersey Studies Academic Alliance is now offering a $300 grant to support research on any aspect of New Jersey. It is open to high school and college students. NJ Studies sits down with the man behind the award, Gary Saretzky, to discuss why he believes we should invest in the future in this way.
Research Notes
Authors: Authors Various
Published: January 2020

In this issue, we bring you the fifth edition of “Research Notes,” inaugurated to allow scholars to share their works in progress and solicit feedback from others in the NJ History community. This edition explores two ongoing projects. All are welcome to contribute- simply send submissions for inclusion in future issues to the editor (mziobro@monmouth.edu).
The Untold Life of Peter Lee
Authors: Swindall Lindsay R.
Published: January 2020

Lindsay R. Swindall reviewing The Untold Life of Peter Lee, by Holly Metz.
At Home in Newark: Stories from the Queer Newark Oral History Project
Authors: Valdes Leo
Published: January 2020

Leo Valdes reviewing "At Home in Newark: Stories from the Queer Newark Oral History Project," curated by Mary Rizzo.
YATIRIMCILARIN HİSSE SENEDİ ALIM-SATIM EĞİLİMLERİNDEKİ DEĞİŞİKLİKLER, HİSSE SENETLERİNİN BORSA ENDEKSLERİNE KABUL YA DA ENDEKSLERDEN ÇIKARILMA ÖLÇÜLERİNDEN BİRİ OLABİLİR Mİ? İMKB-30 ENDEKSİ HİSSELERİNİ KAPSAYAN BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: GÜRBÜZ A. Osman
Published: January 2020

Yatırımcılar tarafından genelde tercih edilen finansal piyasalar, enformasyon, operasyon ve tahsis odaklı etkinlik gereksinimlerini karşılayabilmelidir. Genel olarak ifade edilecek olursa; sermaye piyasalarına ilişkin düzenlemelerden beklenen, güven ve istikrar ortamı içinde menkul kıymet ticareti (alım- satımı) yapabilmek için menkul kıymet borsalarının açık, şeffaf ve düzgün bir işleyişe kavuşmasını temin etmek olmalıdır. Bir borsa, her şeyden önce bireysel ve kurumsal yatırımcıların yararlarını kollayan/hedefleyen bir “yatırım piyasa yeri” özelliklerine sahip olmalıdır. New York Borsası, Tokyo Borsası, Paris Borsası, EUREX Borsası gibi yüksek itibara sahip yatırım yerleri, şirketlerin menkul kıymetlerinin borsaya girişlerini sınırlandırabilmek için genellikle borsaya giriş engellerini yükseltme eğilimi içindedirler.
Piyasa katılımcılarının alım-satım eğilimlerindeki değişiklikleri ölçebilmek için karşılaştırmalı bir araç olarak çalışmamızda “işlem görme oranı”nı kullandık. Bu aracı -İMKB-30 Endeksi hisse senetlerini kapsayacak şekilde- borsamızın yüksek aktiviteye sahip menkul kıymetlerine uygulamak suretiyle -Türk yatırım piyasasındaki menkul kıymetlerin değişen özelliklerini de dikkate alarak- sermaye piyasası katılımcılarının işlem (alım- satım) eğilimi hususunda önemli bazı bulgulara eriştik.
TÜKETİCİLERİN SATIN ALMA DAVRANIŞLARI AÇISINDAN MARKA, MAĞAZA VE FRANCHISING SİSTEMİ İLİŞKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ÜNÜSAN Çağatay , PİRTİNİ Serdar , BİLGE Osman Faik
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, tüketicilerin satın alma davranışları açısından marka, mağaza ve franchising sistemiyle yönetilen mağaza kavramları arasındaki temel ilişkilerin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada önerilen modele göre, tüketiciler açısından bir marka imajı altında ve belirli işletmecilik sistemi ile çalışan mağazalar tüketicilerin satın alma kararlarında etkili olmaktadırlar. Buna göre, sözleşmeli dikey bir pazarlama sistemi olarak franchising sistemi (markalaşmış mağaza sistemi), belirli bir pazarlama stratejisi etrafında mağazalara sunduğu marka imajı faktörü ile tüketicilerin satın alma karar sürecini ve davranışını yakından etkileyebilmektedir. Bu çerçevede, franchising sistemi içerisinde tüketiciler için rakiplerden farklı bir mağaza imajı yaratmayı başarabilen perakendeci mağazaları da beraberinde önemli bir rekabet üstünlüğünü elde etmiş olmaktadırlar. Bu yargılardan hareketle, araştırma modelinin önerilmesinin ardından çalışmanın araştırma kısmında yapılan analizler sonucunda marka, mağaza ve franchising sistemi arasındaki etkileşim incelenmiştir.
GELENEKSEL MALİYET HACİM KAR ANALİZİNİN FAALİYET TABANLI MALİYETLEME YAKLAŞIMI İLE BÜTÜNLEŞTİRİLMESİ YE STRATEJİK ÖNEMİ
Authors: ERDEN Selman Aziz
Published: January 2020

Geleneksel maliyet hacim kar (MHK) analizi, bir firmanın maliyetlerini satış hacmi ile değişen (değişken maliyetler) ve değişmeyen maliyetler (sabit maliyetler) olarak iki grupta ele alır. Faaliyet tabanlı maliyetleme (FTM)de maliyetler birim düzeyinde maliyetler ve birim düzeyinde olmayan maliyetler olarak gruplandırılır. Faaliyet tabanlı maliyetleme bazı maliyetlerin üretilen birimlerle değiştiğini, bazılarının ise değişmediğini kabul eder. FTM, birim düzeyinde olmayan maliyetlerin üretim hacmindeki değişikliklere göre sabit olduğunu kabul ederken; aynı zamanda bazı birim düzeyinde olmayan maliyetlerin diğer maliyet etkenlerine göre değişken olduğunu savunur. MHK analizi, FTM çerçevesinde maliyet davranışları hakkında daha doğru bir anlayış ortaya koyduğu için daha yararlıdır. Bu anlayış, daha iyi kararların verilmesine yardımcı olur. Ancak MHK analizinin, FTM genel çerçevesiyle uyumlaştırılması gerekmektedir. FTM eşitliği, MHK analizi için maliyet davranışlarının daha zengin bir sunum şeklidir ve bu haliyle önemli bir stratejik anlayış sağlayabilir.
ÇEVRESEL ÜRETİM YÖNETİMİ VE AMBALAJ SANAYİ FİRMA YÖNETİCİLERİNİN KONUYA YAKLAŞIMLARI
Authors: BAKİ Birdoğan
Published: January 2020

Son zamanlarda çevresel konulara karşı ilgi dikkate değer bir şekilde artmıştır. Çoğu firmalar, çevre düşüncesini işletme stratejilerinin önemli bir parçası olarak düşünmeye başlamışlardır. Diğer taraftan çevresel konular üretim planlama, stok kontrolü ve dağıtım gibi üretim yönetimi konularında önemli etkiler yapmıştır. Bu çalışmada; ilk olarak çevresel üretim yönetimi kavramı açıklanarak, çevre konularının üretim planlama, stok kontrol, kalite yönetimi, lojistik ve dağıtım gibi üretim konularına etkileri detaylı olarak tartışılmıştır. Son olarak, Ambalaj sanayindeki faaliyet gösteren firma yöneticilerinin çevresel üretim yönetimi konularıyla ilgili yaklaşımları değerlendirilmiş ve öneriler yapılmıştır.
TÜKETİCİLERİN SATIN ALMA DAVRANIŞINDA MARKA BAĞLILIĞININ ETKİSİ VE KÜÇÜK EV ALETLERİNİN SATIN ALINMASINDA DİKEY VE YATAY MARKA BAĞLILIĞININ ETKİSİNİN TEST EDİLMESİNE İLİŞKİN BİR SAHA ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: ERDİL Sabri , TIĞLI Mehmet , KİTAPÇI Hakan
Published: January 2020

Pazarlama faaliyetlerinin istenen etkinlik yada verimlilikte sürdürülmesi bu gün işletmelerin daha çok önem verdiği bir konuyu teşkil etmektedir. Verimlilik ve pazardaki etkinlik rekabetin yoğunluğuna paralel olarak işletmelerin sahip olduğu markaya müşteri bağlılığıyla ilişkili kılınmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmada müşterilerde oluşturulan marka bağlılığının önemi ve bağlılığı oluşturan faktörlerin analizi yapılmıştır. Aynı istikamette marka bağlılığının tanımı ve satın alma davranışında bağlılık çeşitleri incelenmiştir. Pazarda markaların çeşitliliği veya aynı ürüne ilişkin bir çok markanın tüketici tercihine benzer koşullarda sunulması müşteri bağlılığının önemini artırmaktadır. Konuyla ilgili uygulama çalışmasında pazarda mevcut olan elektrikli set üstü fırınlara ilişkin marka bağlılığının düzeyi ve yönü oluşturulan bir modelle test edilmiştir. İlgili üründe marka bağlılığını etkileyen faktörler tanımlanmaya çalışılmış ve bunların müşteride bağlılık oluşturmadaki etkinlikleri saptanmıştır. Çalışma ayrıca pazarda mevcut olan markaların potansiyel müşteriler üzerindeki tanınmıştık ve tercihteki etkinliği ölçümlenmiştir.