bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of Physics Learning Media Using Mind Map-Based Cloud Persentation in Optical Instruments Material
Authors: Lelfita  , Susanti Eka , Erlinda Nelfi , Febriandi Roni
Published: January 2025

Mind map provide a creative display of topic network under discussion in learning process. Therefore, the integration of mind map in learning media is an alternative way to increase student’s interest. We designed mind map-based learning media to deliver optical instruments material and evaluate its properness in XI grade of SMA N 15 Padang. This is an R&D research using modified Brog and Gall development used a mixed method between qualitative and quantitative approach. Learning media was validated by material expert, media expert and a physics teacher. The validation results from three validators are obtained with an average of 88%, 93% and 88% which is categorized as very worthy and this media is feasible to be applied. Student responses on media assessment showed very agree with 46.63%, agreed with 41.6%, only 9.49% chose Less Agree and 2% chose Disagree. Students admitted that the mind map was interesting, easy to use, and helpful. Therefore, the mind map learning media in optical instrument is appropriate to apply in learning process.
Analysis of Teacher Competence in Integrating Technology in The Learning Process in Banggai District
Authors: Wijayanti Wahyuni , Laliyo Lukman A. R. , Husain Rustam I. , Katili Muhammad Rifai , Rahim Maryam , Umar Masri Kuadrat
Published: January 2025

The integration of technology in education not only trains learners to think critically and analyze information in depth, but also encourages them to become innovators and problem solvers. Local government and education stakeholders in Banggai district continue to improve teachers competencies in integrating technology in learning through various training programs. This research was conducted in education units in Banggai Regency. In this study, researchers used a type of quantitative research with a survey method. The sampling technique in this study will use cluster sampling technique. The sampling technique resulted in 690 respondents. This study uses the Rasch Model. From the results of the study, it was found that the competence of teachers in integrating technology in the learning process in Banggai Regency in terms of 8 sections obtained an average value from the highest to the lowest consecutively starting from Challenges in Technology Use of 1.57, Technical Skills of 0.43, Technological Knowledge of -0.04, Technological Pedagogical Knowledge of -0.06, Professional Development and Collaboration -0.08, Pedagogical Knowledge of -0.08, Content Knowledge of -0.32, and Effectiveness of Technology Use of -0.71. This indicates that teachers in Banggai district have a fairly high competency to integrate technology in learning
The Management of School Operational Assistance (BOS) at the Vocational High School Level in Tulin Onsoi Subdistrict, Nunukan District
Authors: Davi Umra Iwa , Jabar Cepi Safruddin Abdul
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the management of School Operational Assistance (BOS) funds in vocational high schools in Tulin Onsoi Subdistrict, Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan, focusing on budgeting, accounting, auditing, and accountability. Using a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, the research involved principals, treasurers, teachers, school committees, and parents from three schools: SMKN 1 Tulin Onsoi, SMKN 1 Sei Menggaris, and SMKN 1 Sembakung Atulai. Data collection was conducted through interviews and document studies, and the data were analyzed using an interactive model comprising data collection, condensation, presentation, and conclusion. The results indicate that budgeting involves participatory preparation of RKAS at the start of the academic year, guided by school programs and inputted into the ARKAS application. Although treasurers demonstrate good performance, their educational background is not aligned with financial management fields. Accounting practices ensure timely BOS disbursement and compliance with regulations. Auditing is carried out monthly, and evaluations are conducted at the end of each stage. Accountability is maintained through transparent reporting to internal and external stakeholders. Overall, the management of BOS funds adheres to technical guidelines, with no reported dissatisfaction among stakeholders.
Strategies for Overcoming Unemployment among Freshgraduate
Authors: Agustina Reni , Na'imah Na'imah , Ridlo Wildani , Sofiana Arina Nur
Published: January 2025

Unemployment is one of the main problems that every country always faces.  The high unemployment rate causes competition to find work to become greater, resulting in college graduates who are not yet working. The aim of this research is to overcome the problem of unemployment among fresh graduate students due to the lack of skills and employment opportunities appropriate to their major as well as the impact of Covid 19, the low skills and employment opportunities for fresh graduate students so that strategies are needed. The research method used is literature research, namely a technique for collecting data and information through various literature or references, which means collecting data by understanding theories from various relevant literature. Skilled and trained Human Resources (HR) organized in vocational villages are of course expected to be able to utilize natural resources and regional potential/advantages that are more economically valuable, competitive and provide maximum results and are able to open/create employment opportunities for themselves and others.  other as an effort to eradicate educated unemployment. creating business opportunities and entrepreneurship for people who need jobs through the formation of business groups as an effort to eradicate educated unemployment through vocational village pilots with training based on regional advantages
Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga Tani Lahan Kering di Kecamatan Jerowaru Kabupaten Lombok Timur
Authors: Wiriana Wiriana , Hayati Hayati , Sjah Taslim
Published: January 2025

Food is a basic necessity that must be fulfilled daily, and its demand increases with population growth, making food security crucial. Farmer households in arid regions rely heavily on agriculture for income and food, but limited resources and climate change can affect their food security. This study aims to analyze the food security of dryland farming households in Jerowaru District, East Lombok Regency, using a quantitative descriptive method with primary and secondary data. A snowball sampling technique was used, involving 30 respondents. Data collection took place in November 2024, and Microsoft Excel was used for analysis. The study found that 28 (93.33%) farming families are food secure, while 2 (6.67%) are food insecure. Despite the high level of food security, the presence of food insecurity in some households highlights the need for local government intervention to prevent vulnerability among these farming families.
The Use of Grand Canonical Density Functional Theory Global and Local Reactivity Parameters to Study Electrochemical Processes in Energy Storage Materials
Authors: Islas-Vargas Claudia , Guevara-García Alfredo , Galván Marcelo
Published: January 2025

In this review a summary of the results obtained in a collaboration between electrochemists and theoretical physical chemists in the chemistry department of the Metropolitan Autonomous University Campus Iztapalapa in recent years is presented. The focus is on the study of materials involved in electrochemical storage devices such as batteries and capacitors, and in advance electrochemical oxidation reactions. Along this collaboration, the combination of density functional theory reactivity parameters within the Grand Canonical Density Functional Theory give rise to an alternative approach to follow redox processes in bulk materials and in solid-liquid interfaces. Along the review, we show how global and local softness emerge as suitable and ad hoc quantities to analyze electrochemical experiments. The use of local softness to distinguish “innocent” coordination environments from the active ones is exemplified with representative systems. A robust method to estimate quantum and total capacitances is described in the case of substituted graphene and is also applicable to other systems. Also, the introduction of an absolute approximate scale to characterize the redox properties of electrode-solvent systems is illustrated for a set of well-known surfaces of transition metal oxides.
 
Resumen. En esta revisión se presenta un resumen de los resultados obtenidos de una colaboración entre electroquímicos y fiscoquímicos teóricos del departamento de química de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa en los últimos años. Se hace énfasis en el estudio de los materiales implicados en los dispositivos de almacenamiento electroquímico de energía, como baterías y capacitores, y en las reacciones de oxidación electroquímica avanzada. Se analiza el uso de los parámetros de reactividad definidos en la Teoría de Funcionales de la Densidad en su formulación Gran Canónica para estudiar procesos redox en el bulto de los materiales y en intercaras sólido-líquido. Se muestran ejemplos de cómo la blandura química global y local emergen como cantidades ad hoc para analizar el comportamiento de los materiales que participan en procesos electroquímicos. En partícular, se muestra un ejemplo del uso de la blandura química local para distinguir, en procesos redox, los entornos de coordinación "inocentes" de los activos. Se describe también un método para estimar las capacitancias cuánticas y totales en el caso del grafeno sustituido y que es aplicable a intercaras sólido-liquido en general. Por otra parte, se ilustra, para un conjunto de superficies bien conocidas de óxidos de metales de transición, el uso de una escala absoluta aproximada para caracterizar en forma relativa las propiedades redox de los sistemas electrodo-disolvente.
On the Quest for Understanding Hydrogen Bonding Effects and its Nature
Authors: Gutiérrez Boris , Ireta Joel
Published: January 2025

Hydrogen bonding is a prominent non-covalent interaction that influences significatively the properties of the matter in which it is present. In this work it is reviewed some of the contributions of the chemistry department at the Autonomous Metropolitan University-Iztapalapa, to the study of the hydrogen bonding phenomena. Also, it is presented a formula derivation to calculate the hydrogen bond cooperative effect in a linear chain applying the Hellmann-Feynman theorem. In this manner, it is corroborated that the hydrogen bonding cooperative effect in a linear chain arises solely from classical interactions among effective point dipoles.
 
Resumen. El enlace de hidrógeno es una prominente interacción no covalente que influye significativamente en las propiedades de la materia en la que está presente. En este trabajo se revisan algunos aportes del departamento de química de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, al estudio de los puentes de hidrógeno. Además se presenta la derivación de una fórmula para calcular el efecto cooperativo de los puentes de hidrógeno aplicando el teorema de Hellmann-Feynman. De esta manera se corrobora que el efecto cooperativo en la energía de los puentes de hidrógeno surge únicamente de las interacciones clásicas entre dipolos efectivos.
Electroanalytical Study of Metronidazole and its Interaction with Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Guzmán-Hernández Dafne Sarahia , Villanueva-Reynoso Josa Hayra , Juárez-Gómez Jorge , Romero-Romo Mario , Palomar-Pardavé Manuel , Ramírez-Silva María Teresa
Published: January 2025

From electrochemical techniques, it was shown that a carbon paste electrode (CPE) served as depositing substrate for molecular aggregatess of sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS, termed hemimicelles, that adsorb metronidazole, MTZ, molecules selectively from a water-based dissolution containing the protonated species of MTZ. The manner in which both molecules react SDS–MTZ is indeed relevant since it leads to a different electrochemical MTZ reduction mechanism from one where matter transfer controls the reaction rate through difussion with D = (2.991 ± 0.106) x10-6 cm2s-1 (when there is no SDS), to a mechanism where adsorption is the  rate controlling stage.This leads to implementation of a novel methodology used for single quantification purposes of said MTZ in varied aqueous media or even synthetic urine. This is, analytically speaking the work presented here proves that it can function better, or even just as well as methods comprising other seemingly sophisticated and expensive techniques that can be found elsewhere.
 
Resumen. A partir de técnicas electroquímicas, se demostró que un electrodo de pasta de carbón (CPE) servía como sustrato de depósito para agregados moleculares de dodecilsulfato de sodio, SDS, denominados hemimicelas, que adsorben moléculas de metronidazol, MTZ, de forma selectiva a partir de una disolución a base de agua que contiene las especies protonadas de MTZ. La manera en que ambas moléculas reaccionan SDS-MTZ es de hecho relevante ya que conduce a un mecanismo de reducción electroquímico de MTZ diferente de uno donde la transferencia de materia controla la velocidad de reacción a través de difusión con D = (2.991 ± 0.106) x10-6 cm2s-1 (cuando no hay SDS), a un mecanismo donde la adsorción es la etapa de control de la velocidad. Esto conduce a la implementación de una novedosa metodología utilizada para propósitos de cuantificación única de dicha MTZ en variados medios acuosos o incluso orina sintética. Es decir, analíticamente hablando, el trabajo presentado aquí demuestra que puede funcionar mejor, o incluso tan bien como métodos que comprenden otras técnicas aparentemente sofisticadas y costosas que se pueden encontrar en otros lugares.
50 years of Chemistry at the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana
Authors: Garza Jorge , Almanza-Pérez Julio César , González-Martínez Ignacio , Guzmán-González Gregorio , Ochoa-Tapia J. Alberto
Published: January 2025

Editorial of "50 years of Chemistry at the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana" part 2
Predictive Value of Cord Blood Concentrations of Selected Hepatic Enzymes in Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy and Related Mortality
Authors: Ariyibi SO , Ojuawo AI , Adesiyun OO , Adebara OV , Ogunwale KA , Ojuawo AO , Ray EO , Sanusi IA
Published: January 2025

Background: Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy remains a major threat to newborn survival, especially in developing countries.
Objectives: To evaluate the predictability of some hepatic biomarkers for hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) and mortality post-asphyxia event.
Methods: This case-control cross-sectional study was carried out among 70 asphyxiated newborns and 70 healthy newborns. Cord blood sample was obtained at delivery for analysis of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Enzyme assay was done using spectrophotometric method. The Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve was used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the enzymes, and the positive and negative predictive values were extrapolated from these.
Results: Out of the 70 asphyxiated babies, 48 (68.6%) had HIE and five (7.1%) died. The area under curve (AUC) values for AST, ALT and LDH levels in the ROC curve were all statistically significant as predictors of HIE, best for AST (AUC = 0.873, p < 0.001). A cut-off level of ≥71.5U/L for cord blood AST was the best predictor of HIE with a sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values of 64.6%, 95.5% and 96.9% respectively. Meanwhile, the AUC value for predicting mortality was only significant for AST (AUC = 0.783, p = 0.036).
Conclusion: Hepatic enzymes, especially AST, can be used as early diagnostic biomarkers of perinatal asphyxia and can predict HIE. They are however less reliable as predictors of mortality.
Relationship of ABO and Rhesus D Blood Group Phenotypes with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Mukhtar IG , Bala AY
Published: January 2025

Background: ABO and Rhesus D blood group phenotypes have been linked to Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2D), but the link has been inconsistent.
Objectives: To determine the association between ABO and Rhesus D blood group phenotypes with T2D in Kano, Nigeria.
Methods: This case-control study recruited 149 consecutive individuals with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus who presented on four different clinic days and 200 prospective blood donors, using systematic random sampling. ABO and Rhesus D phenotypes were determined using monoclonal antisera.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 57 years (26–86 years). ABO phenotypes were significantly associated with T2D (p = 0.001), with frequencies of B and AB phenotypes being higher among T2D patients. The frequency of the A phenotype was lowest among individuals with T2D. Similarly, Rhesus D phenotypes were significantly associated with T2D (p = 0.001), with the frequency of Rh D negative phenotypes being higher among people with T2D. The frequencies of B- (24.07% vs 9.30%), AB- (37.5% vs 00%), and O- (50% vs 6%) phenotypes were significantly higher among T2D patients compared to controls. Compared to O phenotypes, B phenotypes had twice the odds of having T2D (OR = 2.026; 95% CI = 1.215 – 3.376, p = 0.007), while Rhesus D positive phenotypes had 0.14 times the odds of having T2D compared to Rhesus D negatives.
Conclusions: Blood group B- and AB- phenotypes are significantly associated with T2D in Kano, Nigeria. More attention should be given to ABO and Rhesus D phenotypes in T2D risk assessment and prevention strategies.
Comparative Study of the Use of Cisatracurium and Atracurium in Children under General Anaesthesia
Authors: Bala M , Ahlawat G , Sachdeva A , Ahlawat M , Kshetrapal K , Bala R
Published: January 2025

Background: Cisatracurium and atracurium are intermediate-acting muscle relaxants without many side effects due to non-organ-dependentnon-organ-dependent Hoffmann elimination. Cisatracurium in clinical practice is more potent and devoid of histamine-related side effects than atracurium but its use in children is limited.
Objective: To compare cisatracurium and atracurium in children regarding the onset, intubating conditions, duration of action, and reversibility of neuromuscular blockades.
Methods: This study was a prospective, randomised, double-blinded study on 83 children aged 2-7 years belonging to ASA I and II who were allocated into two groups of 42 patients in Group I and 41 in Group II. Group I received Cisatracurium 0.15mg/kg as the loading dose and 0.03mg/kg as the maintenance dose. In comparison, Group II received Atracurium 0.5mg/kg as the loading dose and 0.1mg/kg as the maintenance dose. The maintenance dose of neuromuscular blocking agent was given after 25% recovery of initial TOF value. The onset time, duration of block and recovery index were recorded using a train of four responses and a haemodynamic profile.
Results: The difference in mean onset time was significant among the two groups (2.47±0.59 minutes vs. 2.12±0.62minutes in the cisatracurium and atracurium groups, respectively). The mean duration of action of cisatracurium was also significantly longer (47.03±9.15 minutes) compared to that of the atracurium group (27.90±9.73 minutes). Both groups had excellent intubating conditions; haemodynamics and reversibility time were also comparable.
Conclusion: Cisatracurium is also a potent neuromuscular blocker in comparison to atracurium, which can be used safely in children undergoing surgeries of more than 45 minutes duration.
Pattern and Factors Associated with Medication Adherence to Antihypertensive Medications Among Stroke Survivors
Authors: Ogunjimi LO , Toyale RA , Oyenuga IO , Oyebisi OO , Motolase OR , Osalusi BS
Published: January 2025

Background: Hypertension is a major risk factor for initial and recurring strokes.
Objective: To determine medication adherence and blood pressure control among stroke survivors.
Methods: This one-year cross-sectional study recruited 95 consenting neuroimage-confirmed stroke patients attending the neurology clinic with confirmed hypertension. Stroke severity, functional outcome, and medication adherence were evaluated using the National Institute of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS), the Modified Rankin Scale (MRS), and the Morinsky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), respectively.
Results: There was a preponderance of male participants [49 (89.1) vs 6 (10.1); p = 0.887], older participants [61.01±11.58 years vs 51.20±8.28 years; p = 0.010] and diabetes mellitus patients [26 (30.6%) vs 0 (0.0%) p = 0.040] among ischaemic cohort compared to the haemorrhagic cohort. Based on the grade of medication adherence, there was a higher mean Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) [81.99±10.89 mmHg vs 91.91±17.25 mmHg vs 84.0±18.166 p = 0.043], and Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) [129.41±16.74 vs 143.55±25.97 vs 145.60±40.08; p = 0.025] among participants with low adherence. Factors associated with medication adherence in stroke survivors were SBP at one year (p = 0.025), DBP at one year (p = 0.043), and the number of antihypertensive medications taken (p = 0.010). SBP at one year was the only independent predictor of medication adherence.
Conclusion: High medication adherence was associated with improved BP control among stroke survivors. As such, policy and clinical focus should be geared towards ensuring medication adherence in stroke survivors.
Trends in Serum Lipid Profile in HIV, Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis/HIV Co-Infected Patients at Three-Day Care Centres in Fako Division, Southwest Region of Cameroon
Authors: Enoh JE , Cho FN , Achidi EA
Published: January 2025

Background: Despite the reasonable goals and achievements with Antiretroviral (ARV) Therapy and Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs (ATD), several metabolic disturbances, such as abnormal serum lipid profile, have been observed during treatment with ARVs and ATD.
Objectives: To evaluate serum lipid profile in HIV and TB patients (before and after initiation of treatment) and their association with some possible risk factors.
Methods: One hundred and twenty-five patients were consecutively recruited at initiation to treatment and followed up for 12 weeks. Serum Total-Cholesterol (TC), High-Density-Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDLc), Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDLc) and Triglycerides (TG) were measured spectrophotometrically to determine the serum lipid profile of participants.
Results: A significant association was recorded comparing the cumulative incidence of abnormal serum lipid profile (HDLc and LDLc) of the study participants before the initiation of treatment and after initiation of therapy, with a 2.26 and 3.57 times likelihood of those on treatment to developing abnormal HDL and LDLc respectively (χ2 =7.4, p = 0.007; O.R; 2.26, 95% C.I; 1.25-4.10; χ2 =14.79, p = 0.00012; O.R; 3.57, 95% C.I; 1.82-6.98, respectively). There was a significant association between the level of TC and the type of drug regimen, with those on ATD/HAART having a higher frequency (8/17(47.1%)) of abnormal TC compared to their counterpart. There is a significant association between the level of TG and body mass index BMI (χ2 = 13.95, p = 0.003).
Conclusion: This study shows TB and HIV/AIDS alter lipid levels, and their respective treatments can exacerbate these effects, with TC levels being affected significantly by combination ATD/HAART therapy. Therefore, understanding these changes is crucial to patient management.
Conversion Disorder Coexisting with a Depressive Illness in a Nigerian Teenager: A Case Report
Authors: Odunaye-Badmus SO , Sodipo OO , Chukwukelu BC
Published: January 2025

Conversion disorder presents with neurological symptoms such as altered voluntary motor, cognitive, or sensory functions that are not consistent with any recognised neurological disease. These symptoms are real, and no medical disease could account for them, thus causing a diagnostic conundrum. This case report describes a teenage girl who, following her father's demise, developed difficulty with breathing of sudden onset, limb twitches, stiff neck, and inability to walk. She had multiple hospital visits, but all the findings of laboratory investigations were essentially normal. The patient was managed with a multimodal approach that included psychotherapy, use of antidepressant medications, and family support. She recovered and could return to her routine after six months while still on clinic follow-up care. The objective of the report is to sensitise primary care physicians to assess patients holistically, including mental health status, especially when they present with medically unexplained symptoms. In addition, this case report seeks to increase the awareness of primary care physicians on conversion disorder, which is thought to be rare in our environment.
Leveraging micro-influencers for sustainable marketing: Insights from digital campaigns
Authors: ISH MALHOTRA  , ABIR SETH
Published: January 2025

The necessity to protect our environment is becoming more widely recognized. For this reason, "sustainable," or eco-friendly, marketing is gaining popularity. This study examines the ways in which digital marketing platforms such as YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok can encourage consumers to adopt eco-friendly practices. This study included a variety of case studies, surveys, and content analysis. Additionally, the study discovered that social media celebrities, or "influencers," can aid in raising knowledge and fostering confidence in these environmentally beneficial, or "green," practices. According to our research, people are more likely to trust eco-friendly methods and products when you are genuine and tell the truth. By delivering stories that align with their principles, small-scale influencers are particularly adept at engaging particular groups.
Effect of organic manure on the growth performance and yield of maize (Zea mays)
Authors: Patience Abidemi Omololu  , Victor Olusola Omololu  , Ayosunkanmi Temitope Ogunrinde
Published: January 2025

Research to investigate the effects of organic manure (Cattle manure (CM), Rabbit urine manure (RUM), Swine manure (SM) and Poultry manure (PM)) on growth performance and yield of Maize (Zea mays) was conducted on the research farm of Peace House Agricultural Training Institute during the 2024 planting season. The experimental site was cleared and cultivated (tilled and managed). The measured variables were plant height, foliage, leaf area index and crop yield obtained. The data collected was subject to variance analysis (ANOVA).
CM and RUM significantly increased the foliage of maize crop when compared to the control. The foliage of maize crop planted with RUM was significantly higher than all other manure (SM, CM, and PM).
RUM provides the highest crop height at week 7 when compared across all treatment groups (Control, SM, CM and PM), this was followed by SM, CM and PM while the control provided very little crop height. There was a significant increase in the height of maize crop of RUM when compared to control.
All the plots treated with organic manure had increased leaf area index compared to the control. RUM has the highest maize yield across all the treatment groups and it was significant when compared with the control but there was no significant difference in yield of maize across the different manure group except for PM
From this research, RUM consistently increased foliage, plant height and crop yield significantly and it is recommended for Maize production.
The effect of vitamin c and shirataki combination on reducing blood glucose levels in diabetic mice
Authors: Risky Amalia Chawasie  , Dwi Aprilawati  , Gadis Meinar Sari  , Lilik Herawati
Published: January 2025

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia blood glucose levels. A dietary intervention for diabetes mellitus includes the consumption of low-glycemic-index carbohydrates and vitamin C supplementation. This study aims to determine the effect of combining vitamin C and shirataki on reducing blood glucose levels. This experimental study was conducted on male mice (Mus musculus) with induced diabetes mellitus over 14 days in the Laboratory of Animal Testing Department of Physiology and Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. The data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and homogeneity test. Parametric data were analyzed using ANOVA, while non-parametric data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test for data that were not normally distributed. The results indicated a reduction in blood glucose levels accross all treatment groups. A significant reduction in blood glucose levels was observed in treatment groups 1, 2, and 3 from day 1 to day 7. However, a slight increase in blood glucose levels occured from day 7 to day 14. Despite this, overall blood glucose levels remained lower at day 14 in all treatment groups compare to the first day. The most significant reduction was observed on day 7 in treatment group 1, which received the lowest dose of vitamin C. In conclusion, the combination of vitamin C with shirataki effectively reduced blood glucose levels in diabetic mice, particularly by day 7. Among the doses tested, the low dose of 500 mg per day was the most effective in reducing blood glucose levels.
Brain tumor segmentation using deep neural image analysis
Authors: Rishabh Jha  , Amrita Singh  , Anju Bhandari Gandhi  , Vahid Hadavi
Published: January 2025

This research investigates the application of deep learning techniques, specifically Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), for the classification of brain tumors in MRI images. The study aims to enhance diagnostic accuracy by leveraging the capabilities of CNNs to automatically learn spatial features from medical images, eliminating the need for manual feature extraction. The dataset used in this study includes MRI scans of brain tumors, where the model was trained and evaluated on the task of classifying tumors into different categories. The CNN architecture outperformed traditional machine learning methods and baseline models, such as VGG-16 and ResNet-50, achieving high accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, with a classification accuracy of 92.6%. Additionally, model interpretability was enhanced using Grad-CAM, which provided insights into the regions of interest in the MRI images, aiding in the model's decision-making process.
The study contributes to the growing body of knowledge in medical image analysis, demonstrating that deep learning models, particularly CNNs, can be an effective tool for brain tumor classification. The results highlight the model's potential for use in clinical settings, where accurate and rapid tumor detection is essential. However, the research also identifies limitations, including the need for larger and more diverse datasets and the challenge of overfitting. Future research directions include the exploration of 3D CNNs, multi-modal data fusion, and hybrid architectures to improve model performance. The study emphasizes the importance of continued efforts in enhancing model interpretability, integrating advanced AI techniques, and testing these models in real-world clinical environments to improve patient outcomes.
Privacy-preserving multi-class classification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia subtypes using federated learning
Authors: Md Ashraful Alam  , Amir Sohel  , Anik Biswas  , Shaid Bin Md Sifat  , Ashrafur Rahman Nabil  , Niladry Chowdhury  , Asma Hafiz  , Md Aslamuzzaman Bappy
Published: January 2025

Early and accurate diagnosis for a highly aggressive hematological malignancy: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. This is where automated, privacy-preserving diagnostic solutions can not only ease the burden of current diagnostic approaches but also avoid invasive, time-intensive, and prone to error. In this study, we present a Federated Learning framework for the Multi-Class classification of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia subtypes based on Peripheral Blood Smear images. To deal with class imbalance, data augmentation techniques were applied, and then pre-trained convolution neural networks such as InceptionV3, DenseNet121, and Xception were fine-tuned to extract features. Of these, InceptionV3 performed the best with an accuracy of 95.49% in the Federated Learning framework guaranteeing the privacy of patient data through differential privacy mechanisms. Through comparative analysis, it was confirmed that in using the Federated Learning approach, the high diagnostic accuracy and robust generalization against different datasets were preserved, while outperforming centralized learning. By proposing a scalable, privacy-compliant solution for all diagnoses, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia diagnoses may be transformed into the new practice of hematological oncology.
Pancreatic dysfunction in thalassemia major: The impact of iron overload on exocrine and endocrine functions
Authors: Ashraf Soliman  , Fawzia Alyafei  , Nada Soliman  , Nada Alaaraj  , Noor Hamed  , Shayma Ahmed  , Sohair Elsiddig  , Ahmed Khalil  , Ahmed Elawwa
Published: January 2025

The pancreas is a critical organ with dual endocrine and exocrine functions, integral to digestion and glucose regulation. In thalassemia major, chronic blood transfusions lead to systemic iron overload, resulting in pancreatic hemosiderosis. This condition causes significant structural and functional damage, including acinar cell atrophy, fibrosis, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI), and beta-cell dysfunction, which predisposes patients to diabetes. Advanced imaging modalities like MRI T2* have revealed a strong correlation between pancreatic iron overload and these complications, demonstrating superior accuracy over traditional markers such as serum ferritin.
Results: It indicate that 85% of patients with pancreatic iron overload exhibited signs of EPI, characterized by malabsorption, steatorrhea, and severe nutrient deficiencies. Similarly, endocrine dysfunction was observed in 75% of cases, manifesting as impaired insulin secretion and glycemic abnormalities. MRI T2* imaging proved 90% effective in detecting subclinical pancreatic dysfunction, outperforming serum ferritin as a predictive tool. Chelation therapy was effective in reducing pancreatic iron levels in 80% of cases, but therapeutic response varied depending on the adherence and intensity of treatment regimens. Enzyme replacement therapy for EPI and glycemic control interventions improved the quality of life in patients with advanced dysfunction.
Discussion: Explores the interplay between iron overload and pancreatic dysfunction. Pancreatic hemosiderosis disrupts digestive enzyme secretion, leading to nutritional deficiencies and exocrine dysfunction. Concurrently, beta-cell damage impairs glucose metabolism, heightening the risk of diabetes, particularly in patients with prolonged iron exposure. MRI T2* has revolutionized early detection, enabling the identification of subclinical pancreatic dysfunction and informing targeted interventions. Chelation therapy remains the cornerstone of management, but its effectiveness is influenced by patient compliance and the choice of agents. Adjunctive treatments such as enzyme replacement and insulin therapy are critical for addressing the multifaceted burden of pancreatic dysfunction.
This review underscores the need for an integrated approach combining early diagnostic imaging, tailored chelation strategies, and supportive therapies to mitigate complications and improve outcomes in thalassemia major patients. Longitudinal studies are essential to further understand the progression of pancreatic dysfunction and refine therapeutic strategies.
The influence of husband's support on the psychological adaptation of postpartum mothers: A literature review
Authors: Zahra Putri Maharani
Published: January 2025

Introduction: After childbirth, postpartum mothers experience significant role changes, transitioning from being a wife to a mother responsible for child-rearing. This change requires adaptation to new identities and social roles, which can lead to emotional stress. If not addressed, this stress can result in psychological disorders such as stress, anxiety, or depression, especially in primiparous mothers who tend to be more anxious than multiparous mothers. Social support, particularly from husbands, is crucial in helping primiparous mothers face these challenges, although many husbands are unable to provide optimal support due to work commitments. Various studies have shown that husband’s support can contribute to the psychological adaptation success of postpartum mothers.
Method: This study is a literature review, drawing from sources in Google Scholar, PUBMED, and Science Direct, focusing on research published between 2019 and 2024. The study included only original research articles in English or Indonesian with all the required components.
Result and Discussion: From the literature search, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. Among them, 10 studies found a influence between husband support on the psychological adaptation success of postpartum mothers.
Conclusion: According to reviews, Husband's support influences the success of psychological adaptation in postpartum mothers.
Contact dermatitis due to cosmetics and skin care among female senior high school students in Kenjeran, Surabaya
Authors: Annora Clianta Khalida Siregar  , Damayanti  , Gadis Meinar Sari
Published: January 2025

Contact dermatitis (CD) is an inflammatory reaction caused by direct contact with certain substances. Contact dermatitis is usually divided into allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) based on the etiology. Cosmetics and skin care products are common causes of CD that are often used by female adolescents. This study aims to know the profile of CD caused by cosmetics and skin care among female adolescents in SMAN 3 Kenjeran. This study is an observational descriptive cross-sectional study. This study used consecutive sampling method with the sample size of 74 subjects. Data were collected using a written questionnaire and facial inspection done by dermatologists. The results of this study were that 17 out of 74 subjects (23.0%) had CD during this research, with the majority being ICD (70.6%). Most subjects use both cosmetics and skin care (96.0%). Most subjects were found to have previous history of CD (68.9%), and facial wash is the most reported product for causing CD. Most subjects do not have a history of atopy (66.7%). The percentage of subjects that reported a history of atopy are slightly higher in subjects with CD (41.2%) than subjects without CD (34.6%). In subjects with CD, atopic dermatitis is the most common form of atopy, and in subjects without CD, allergic rhinitis is the most common.
Container runtime security detection and prevention techniques
Authors: Ramasankar Molleti
Published: January 2025

Application control is a particular layer of cloud-native security that is aimed at protection during the application’s work in the container. This article provides a comprehension of container runtime security measures, including detection and prevention measures. It goes deeper into the importance of protecting container environments, mainly pointing out the outlook for dangers and risks that may occur at runtime. It also provides an overview of commodity detection techniques, such as container image analysis, runtime behavioral analysis, traffic analysis, Host and file integrity. Further, it dwells on the prevention measures involving image hardening, runtime security policies, the principle of least privilege, secure configurations and updates, patching, workload isolation and segmentation, secrets management, and using the immutable infrastructure. Also, this paper briefly discusses recent solutions such as kernel-level security features, runtime application self-protection (RASP), Sandboxing and unikernel solutions. It also goes further in explaining how automated security tools and platforms, especially open source and commercial tool platforms, can be used to improve the security of containers during runtime. In concluding the study, incident response and forensics need to be implemented across container objects, as it stipulates the need to take preventative measures for security threat detection and response.
Beyond one doctorate: evaluating the benefits, costs, and motivations of pursuing a second PhD
Authors: Maksudul Shadat Akash  , Shahanaz Chowdhury
Published: January 2025

The pursuit of a second PhD is an emerging yet controversial phenomenon within higher education. This paper explores the motivations, benefits, costs, and challenges associated with acquiring a second doctoral degree. Individuals are primarily driven by intellectual curiosity, career transitions, and the need for interdisciplinary expertise to address complex global challenges. The study highlights significant benefits, such as enhanced interdisciplinary research opportunities, broader skill acquisition, and improved professional prospects in specialized fields. However, these advantages come with substantial costs, including financial strain, time commitments, and the risk of diminishing returns in terms of employability and societal perceptions of over qualification. Institutional constraints, such as limited funding opportunities and policy gaps, further complicate the decision to pursue a second PhD. While the literature highlights the potential value of dual expertise in addressing interdisciplinary problems, alternative pathways, such as postdoctoral research, professional certifications, and executive education, are suggested as viable options to achieve similar objectives. The paper concludes that while a second PhD may offer meaningful benefits in specific contexts, individuals must carefully evaluate its practical utility against personal aspirations and career objectives. Future research should examine the long-term impacts of multiple doctorates on career trajectories and global research innovation.
Strategi Penerapan Ekonomi Sirkular dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Menggunakan Metode AHP di Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Nazhifah Ghina , Rimantho Dino
Published: January 2025

Sampah meningkat setiap hari di Indonesia, sehingga peningkatan sampah sebanding dengan pertumbuhan eksponensial penduduk. Pada tahun 2020 akumulasi sampah harian 24,790 juta ton, dengan populasi Jawa Barat mencapai 49,9 juta orang. Hanya 10-15% sampah plastik yang berhasil didaur ulang,  60-70% sisanya ditimbun, dan  15-30% masih belum terkelola. Untuk menjaga lingkungan pesantren tetap sehat, pemerintah melalui Kementerian Negara Lingkungan Hidup bertanggung jawab untuk mengawasi pengelolaan sampah pondok pesantren. untuk menjaga lingkungan pondok pesantren tetap sehat.  Prinsip 5R yaitu reduce, reuse, recycle, replace, dan repair, yang dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif untuk pengelolaan sampah, dengan konsep zero waste. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi eksisting dan menentukan strategi yang paling efektif untuk proses pengambilan keputusan dalam pengelolaan limbah padat pondok pesantren. Penentuan strategi tersebut menggunakan metode MFA dan AHP. Menurut hasil analisis MFA, sampah tahunan sekitar 22,93 ton berasal dari kamar santri, rumah ustadz, taman, dan dapur. Mulai dari sampah makanan, yang biasanya digunakan untuk pakan ikan, dan jika, sampah sudah tercampur biasanya dibakar langsung, untuk sampah anorganik diberikan kepada pengepul. Selanjutnya hasil dari kondisi sampah saat ini di Pondok Pesantren ABC akan dianalisis menggunakan AHP. Tujuannya adalah untuk menentukan strategi pengelolaan limbah padat yang paling cocok untuk strategi ekonomi sirkular. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa strategi pengelolaan sampah memiliki kriteria tertinggi, repair, dengan nilai bobot 0,330, sub kriteria tertinggi, perbaikan barang yang rusak, dengan nilai bobot 0,465, dan kriteria alternatif tertinggi, menyediakan sarana pengumpulan sampah sesuai kriteria dengan bobot nilai 0.420. Untuk mempermudah pengolahan dan pemilahan sampah , Strategi Pondok Pesantren ABC dapat menawarkan sarana pengumpulan sampah yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan pondok pesantren.
A Novel Mathematical Model for Quality Optimization of Textile Products During Shipment
Authors: Putri Safira Hutama , Abdullah Fadil , Rahmawati Nurmalinda , Dayani Camillana Calistafo , Kusumadewi Afriani
Published: January 2025

The process of shipping products in the textile industry is essential as it determines the effectiveness of the business. However, non-ideal shipping can result in damage to the shipped products. Therefore, this study aims to develop a mathematical model to optimize the shipping process by assessing the textile product damage rate against environmental parameters such as humidity and temperature and shipping parameters such as shipping duration. The model developed using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) statistical approach is based on linear and nonlinear models. The results showed that the linear model had a better coefficient of determination as a model validation parameter, with a coefficient of determination of 0.83. This value shows the effectiveness of optimizing the shipping process as a monitoring effort to determine the damage to textile products against several parameters that affect it. The results of this study have implications for the field of textile science, especially regarding the dynamics of distribution or logistics, as well as the application of mathematical applications in the textile field. In addition, the practical implications of this research are expected to be used as a monitoring effort for the textile industry to determine the impact of environmental parameters and shipping duration on the products they ship.
Ergonomic Chairless Chair Operator Assembly Manufaktur Otomotif untuk Mengurangi Gejala Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Nidhar Ainun , Pramono Agus Edy
Published: January 2025

Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) menjadi salah satu penyebab Penyakit  Akibat Kerja (PAK) sebesar 16% dengan industri otomotif menjadi sektor penyumbang MSDs s terbesar ketiga. Dengan berkembangnya industri otomotif di Indonesia sebesar 10,3% , menyebabkan peningkatan kapasitas produksi sehingga waktu produksi unit akan menjadi lebih cepat. Siklus tersebut dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan Work-Related MSDs pada pekerja otomotif terkait masalah aktivitas material handling utamanya perakitan yang menjadi kunci pada proses otomotif. Penelitian mengenai MSDs di sektor industri manufaktur otomotif penting untuk dilakukan, mengingat banyaknya faktor risiko terjadinya MSDs pada operator di sektor tersebut. Objek penelitian yang dianalisis adalah departemen perakitan interior pada lini produksi. Analisa postur kerja terhadap risiko MSDs dilakukan menggunakan metode Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) dan penilaian Nordic Body Map (NBM) untuk mengetahui gejala-gejala MSDs yang dirasakan operator. Skor REBA sebesar 11 menunjukkan risiko tinggi terjadinya cedera muskuloskeletal yang membutuhkan tindakan segera, sedangkan hasil Nordic Body Map menunjukkan adanya keluhan pada bagian punggung akibat posisi membungkuk dan tangan kanan akibat proses pengangkatan. Sehingga rekomendasi yang diberikan ialah rancangan alat bantu ergonomis berupa exoskeleton kursi tanpa kursi pada operator proses perakitan interior untuk mengurangi tekanan pada punggung. Rancangan yang diusulkan perlu dibuat prototipe dan diteliti lebih lanjut nilai efektivitas penurunan risiko MSDs, serta dari segi ketahanan dan kekuatan materialnya.