bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Perspective of Service-Dominant Logic on Customer Participation: A Meta-Analysis Approach
Authors: Pham Thu-Huong , Wu Wann-Yih , Nguyen Phuoc-Thien
Published: March 2019

Customer participation (CP) has received a special interest in service research. It is one of the most important aspects of services which can improve outcomes for customers and service providers. Through their participation, customers play a significant role on the service process and its outcomes. Different studies have investigated CP issues from different angels. Specifically, most of previous studies has focused on the influential factors of CP, the consequential and moderating factors are largerly ignored. However, previous studies have yet to explore an integrative framework of customer participation with multiple antecedents, consequences and moderatorsIn this study, meta-analysis was conducted by collecting data from previous studies using customer participation as its main topic. The results from meta-analysis suggested that customer participation has a positive effect on customer citizenship behaviors (i.e., recommendation, helping customers, and providing feedback), while service-dominant orientation, personality and subjective has positive effect on customer participation. Eleven hypotheses are proposed in this study. It is expected that the results of this research can enable us to get better understanding about antecedents and consequences of customer participation. The results could be very helpful for academicians to further validate the research model and could also be very useful for professionals to design and implement their service strategies.
Usporedba priroda i kakvoće plodova jabuke u integriranom i organskom proizvodnom sustavu
Authors: Presečki Tea , Dropuljić Marko , Siladi Irena
Published: March 2019

Organsko-biološka (ekološka) proizvodnja sve je zastupljenija u poljoprivredi svijeta tako i Hrvatske. Njome se želi postići održivost sustava bez uporabe sintetičkih gnojiva, pesticida, regulatora rasta i genetski modificiranih biljaka. Organska proizvodnja voća u svijetu prostire se na 12,6 milijuna hektara, od čega se jabuka uzgaja na 82 983 hektara. U Europi su najznačajniji proizvođači Italija, Njemačka, Austrija, Nizozemska, Belgija i Francuska. U Republici Hrvatskoj organsko-biološka proizvodnja voća zauzima 8 962 hektara, od čega na proizvodnju jabuka otpada 470 hektara. Prema dosadašnjim istraživanjima, prirodi u organskim proizvodnim sustavima manji su od onih u integriranim proizvodnjama, međutim cijena proizvoda je veća pa se time taj nedostatak može nadomjestiti. Hrana iz organske proizvodnje ime više nutricionistički poželjnih spojeva (vitamini, antioksidansi), a manje nepoželjnih spojeva kao što su teški metali, mikotoksini i ostatci pesticida. Osim toga, jabuke iz organske proizvodnje imaju veću tvrdoću i bolji okus.
On Geometric Series of Positive Linear Operators
Authors: Paltanea Radu
Published: March 2019

We study the existence and the norm of operators obtained as power series of linear positive operators with particularization to Bernstein operators. We also obtain a Voronovskaja-kind theorem.
Clinical and neurological characteristics of patients with recurrent ischemic stroke
Authors: Mikitey O. M.
Published: March 2019

Ischemic stroke is an important medical and social problem, due to the high incidence of morbidity, disability and mortality. The presence of motor, sensory disorders, cognitive and language disorders as clinical manifestations of ischemic stroke is correlated with high frequency disability.The article highlights the results of clinical and neurological examination of 60 patients with primary and recurrent ischemic stroke. The statistical processing of the material demonstrate the severity of neurological disorders, complaints, anxiety and cognitive disorders in patients with recurrent ischemic stroke, compared to the original.
PENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR TINGKAT TINGGI (HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS) PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR MELALUI VIDEO BERBASIS KASUS PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Ichsan Ilmi Zajuli , Iriani Enin , Hermawati Farah Muthi
Published: March 2019

Learning Natural Sciences on environmental pollution material is one of the important topics. Students at the elementary school level have an important role in protecting the environment around them. This research was conducted with the aim of increasing the Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) of students in science learning in the environmental material. The research method used in this study is Classroom Action Research with details of 3 cycles. The study was conducted during October 2018 at SDN Jatimulya 02, Bekasi. The number of samples taken was 35 students. The treatment given is by playing case-based learning videos in the classroom. The results showed that there was an increase in HOTS students in science learning using case-based videos. The conclusion is that case-based learning videos can increase HOTS students of SDN Jatimulya 02.
PENGEMBANGAN HANDOUT EVOLUSI BERBASIS HASIL PENELITIAN PROFIL DNA FINGERPRINTING
Authors: Sari Nila Kartika , Iza Nikmatul
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this study was to develop a handout based on the results of a DNA Fingerprinting Profile in Javanese-Arabic Ethnics in Malang, East Java, Indonesia for the course of Evolution. Development (Handout) was carried out based on the 4D development model of Thiagarajan. The 4D model has 4 stages, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate, while the research to be carried out is only limited to the develop stage. The research subjects were students of the Biology Education Study Program IKIP Budi Utomo Malang who had taken as many as 40 evolutionary subjects. Data analysis techniques used to analyze quantitative data in the form of validation scores from two material experts, two media experts and readability tests. The instruments used to collect data in the study included validation sheets and questionnaires. The results of the material expert validation analysis included aspects of the completeness of the material, material, questions about evaluation and aspects of material development. The results of expert media validation analysis include aspects of Handout size, Cover Design Handout, Cover Handout Typography, Cover Handout Illustration aspects, Handout Content Design, Typography of Handout Content, Handout Illustration, Language Feasibility, and Presentation Completeness. The results of the readability test analysis include aspects of the material ease, the victory of the handout of understanding material, and renewal of material. Based on the results of the analysis data in this development research, it can be concluded that the average results of the assessment from the material expert validator was obtained with a percentage of 89.85% with the category Very Valid. The average assessment results from media expert validators with a percentage of 98.22% with the category Very Valid. The average assessment results from the readability test with a percentage of 92.73% with the category Very Valid.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL LATIHAN PASSING ATAS BOLAVOLI DI SMK AL HUDA WAJAK MALANG
Authors: Mushofi Yuskhil
Published: March 2019

Tujuan penelitian pengembangan ini adalah mengembangkan model latihan passing atas pada siswa peserta bolavoli putra di SMK Al-Huda Wajak Malang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket untuk ahli materi dan pedagogik, serta guru dengan kualifikasi meliputi satu ahli materi dan pedagogik, guru Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga dan Kesehatan SMK Al-Huda Wajak Malang untuk melakukan uji coba kelompok kecil (tahap I) sebanyak 10 siswa dan uji coba kelompok besar (tahap II) sebanyak 20 siswa. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh hasil validasi ahli materi dan pedagogik untuk kelayakan produk awal diperoleh prosentase sebesar 88,89% dengan kriteria baik yang berarti layak digunakan. Hasil uji coba kelompok kecil (tahap I) adalah 96,81% dengan kriteria sangat baik yang berarti sangat layak digunakan. Kemudian, untuk hasil uji coba kelompok besar (tahap II) adalah 97,77% dengan kriteria sangat baik yang berarti sangat layak digunakan.
PENGARUH PELATIHAN LADDER DRILL 90 DEGREE ROTATION DAN LADDER DRILL ALI SHUFFLE TERHADAP PENINGKATAN DAYA LEDAK OTOT TUNGKAI DAN KECEPATAN
Authors: Pelamonia Shandy Pieter , Harmono Bayu Akbar
Published: March 2019

Physical condition is a very important component in sports activities while they are achievement or learning. Explosive power leg muscle and speed of motion is the dominant component in sporting activities such as basketball, soccer, volleyball, martial art. The purpose of this study was to determinate This research is a "Quantitative" research method with quasi-experimental techniques, research conducted rigorously to determine the causes and effects between variables. Data analysis techniques in this study were to test the double normality test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis testing. The results of the analysis can be seen that the mean value of the ladder drill 90 degree rotation for increased explosive power has increased from the pretest (452.507) and posttest (482.220) while the speed of the pretest (4.4) and posttest (4.394). The ladder drill ali shuffle group found that the mean value of leg muscle explosive power had increased from pretest (461,269) and posttest (576,757), while the speed of the pretest (4,364) and posttest (4,360). For the control group, the mean value for leg muscle explosive power from pretest (450,738) and posttest (456,009).
PENURUNAN BAU LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI TEPUNG IKAN MENGGUNAKAN CUKA, AERASI, OZONE DENGAN INDIKATOR LALAT
Authors: Prayitno Hermain Teguh
Published: March 2019

INDONESIAPermasalahan bau di industri tepung ikan di Kabupaten Pati dapat dirasakan jika kita menempuh perjalanan Pati ke Juwana. Bau berasal dari cerobong asap dan lingkungan industri, terutama pada Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah. Perkiraan bau berasal dari bau bawaan ikan busuk yang tidak dirawat ( pengawetan ) oleh nelayan dan pedagang.Bau bawaan berasal dari ikan yang pecah perut masuk ke IPAL bersamaan dengan pembersihan lantai, kemudian terangkat ke udara melalui aerasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh aerasi, ozonisasi, dan dalam kondisi asam terhadap produksi bau dengan indikator keberadaan lalat.Upaya menetralkan bau bawaan pada pengolahan awal ini dilakukan dengan metode eksploratif eksperimental, variabel cuka, aerasi, dan ozonisasi. Indikator pengamatan adanya jenis dan jumlah lalat. Analisis menghasilkan bahwa campuran limbah cair dan cuka di aerasi dan di ozonisasi mengeluarkan bau segar yang disukai lalat rumah, akan tetapi tidak ekonomis. Lalat hijau menyukai bau busuk hasil dari aerasi dengan korelasi 0,579 ke tiga botol dan signifikan 0,048. Artinya pengolahan menggunakan ozon memungkinkan untuk menurunkan bau pada limbah cair pada pengolahan awal IPAL industri ikan.
GAMBARAN KEJADIAN TUBERKULOSIS DI KABUPATEN PATI
Authors: Murtono Dwi
Published: March 2019

ENGLISHTuberculosis is one of the long-known diseases and still becomes the leading cause of death in the world. The TB incidence needs a serious attention because it is a major public health problem. The objective of the study was to describe the TB incidence in Pati Regency in the period 2014-2016. It used quantitative and descriptive approaches. Secondary data sourced from Integrated Tuberculosis Information System (SITT) period 2014-2016 at Health Service of Pati Regency. Data were classified based on sex, TB classification, and age. Data were tested using descriptive analysis. The results of the study were: (1) The TB incidence showed an increase, (2) The increase of TB incidence was found both in men and women, but the number of TB cases was higher in men compared to the counterparts. (3) The number of TB cases increased in all TB classification groups, which the highest was found in positive smear pulmonary group. (4) The number of TB cases rose along with the increase of age, which the majority cases occurred in the productive age group. INDONESIATuberkulosis (TB) merupakan salah satu penyakit yang telah lama dikenal dan sampai saat ini masih menjadi penyebab utama kematian di dunia. Kejadian TB perlu mendapat perhatian serius karena TB merupakan masalah kesehatan publik mayor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran kejadian TB di Kabupaten Pati dalam kurun waktu tahun 2014-2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Data sekunder berasal dari Sistem Informasi Tuberculosis Terpadu (SITT) Kabupaten Pati tahun 2014-2016 dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Pati. Data diolah berdasarkan jenis kelamin, klasifikasi TB dan umur penderita TB. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian adalah (1) angka kejadian TB menunjukkan adanya peningkatan; (2) angka kejadian TB berdasarkan klasifikasi jenis kelamin lebih banyak ditemukan pada jenis kelamin laki-laki dan menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan kejadian TB baik untuk laki-laki maupun perempuan; (3) angka kejadian TB berdasarkan klasifikasi TB secara umum menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan dan mayoritas kejadian adalah TB paru BTA positif; (4) kejadian TB mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan bertambahnya umur. Secara umum, kejadian TB paling besar terjadi pada usia produktif.
Economic Efficiency of Broad Bean Crop Production During The 2017 Agricultural Season
Authors: Rahman Mohammed Al - Maktoum Nagham
Published: March 2019

This study aims to estimate the economic efficiency of using economic resources to produce broad bean crop with their technical and allocation efficiency . It also aims to do a comparison between the optimum quantities and the actual quantities of used resources. Data were collected through a questionnaire of 20 crop growers in the Al-Qadisiyah province / Al -Badair county during 2017 planting season. This research Using data envelopment analysis in the assessment of economic efficiency and the separation of its components into technical and allocation efficiencies in achieving its objectives. Input oriented models are used under constant and variable Scale returns in the technical efficiency calculation. Variable Scale return is used in allocation efficiency and cost efficiency calculation. capacity efficiency average was 77%, and technical efficiency reached an average of about 81%. This indicates that the sample farmers can achieve the same level of production using 77% of the production resources with maintaining the current level of production. Cost efficiency averaged about 40%, which indicating that the sample bear additional costs of 40%. The research reached many results related to economic efficiency, including the waste of economic resources resulting in cost increases. Therefore, the research recommends to use of production inputs according to the scientifically recommended quantities and ways, especially the quantity of seeds and fertilizers, in line with the crop needs to reach optimum efficiency.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TERHADAP PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT PADA PENGELOLAAN BANK SAMPAH DI KECAMATAN BATU AJI – KOTA BATAM
Authors: Publik Dialektika
Published: March 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of Knowledge (X1) and Attitude (X2) on Community Participation in Waste Bank Management (Y) in Batu Aji Sub-district, Batam City. This study uses a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires to the garbage bank management unit located in Batu Aji district. This study used a saturated sample of 38 respondents. Data analysis used is multiple linear regression. The conclusions of the results of this study indicate that: (1). Partially that Knowledge influence to Community Participation in Waste Bank Management (t count = 5,736 > t table = 2,030); (2). Partially that Attitudes not affect Community Participation in Waste Bank Management (t count = 1.176 < t table = 2,030); (3). Simultaneously Knowledge and Attitudes significantly influence the Community Participation in Waste Management Bank (F count = 16.666> F table =3.27)
p53 Signaling in Cancers
Authors: Issaeva Natalia
Published: March 2019

This special issue on p53 explores different aspects of the significance of p53 in normal cells and in cancer [...]
CNT and H2 Production During CH4 Decomposition over Ni/CeZrO2. I. A Mechanistic Study
Authors: Łamacz Agata
Published: March 2019

This work presents a new insight into the potential of a Ni/CeZrO2 catalyst in two separate processes: (i) Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) using methane as a feedstock to obtain carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and H2, and (ii) catalyst regeneration with H2O that yields H2. The direct reaction of methane with H2O (steam methane reforming (SMR)) leads to H2 and CO (and CO2), whereas carbon deposition—regardless of its type—is an unwanted reaction. The concept presented in this work assumes dividing that process into two reactors, which allows one to obtain two valuable products, i.e., CNTs and H2. The literature data on CNT production via CVD ignores the issue of H2 formation. Moreover, there is no data concerning CNT production in fluidized bed reactors over ceria-zirconia supported metal catalysts. The results presented in this work show that CNTs can be formed on Ni/CeZrO2 during CH4 decomposition, and that the catalyst can be easily regenerated with H2O, which is accompanied by a high production of H2. The ability of Ni/CeZrO2 to be regenerated is its main advantage over the Ni-MgO catalyst that is popular for CNT production. This paper also shows that the Ni/CeZrO2 catalyst has the potential to be used for CNT and H2 production in a larger scale process, e.g., in a fluidized bed reactor.
Sol-Gel Processes in Micro-Environments of Black Shale: Learning from the Industrial Production of Nanometer-Sized TiO2 Polymorphs
Authors: Schulz Hans-Martin
Published: March 2019

Micro-environments in black shale are reactors for geochemical reactions that differ from the bulk scale. They occur in small isolated pores of several 10 s to 100 s of nanometers without or with limited ionic exchange by diffusion to the surrounding matrix. The example of the formation of titania polymorphs brookite (and anatase) in black shale demonstrates that pH < 4 of the pore waters or lower must prevail to enable dissolution of Ti-bearing precursors followed by the precipitation of these metastable solids. Comparably low pH is applied during the industrial production of nanometer-sized brookite or anatase by sol-gel methods. The process parameters during industrial production such as low pH, negative Eh, or low ionic strength (to promote agglomeration) allow a comparison with parameters during geochemical processes leading to titania formation in black shale. Sol-gel processes are suggested herein as key geochemical processes in micro-environments of black shale in order to understand the formation of single brookite crystals or agglomerates on a nanometer scale.
Multi Similarity Metric Fusion in Graph-Based Semi-Supervised Learning
Authors: Bahrami Saeedeh , Bosaghzadeh Alireza , Dornaika Fadi
Published: March 2019

In semi-supervised label propagation (LP), the data manifold is approximated by a graph, which is considered as a similarity metric. Graph estimation is a crucial task, as it affects the further processes applied on the graph (e.g., LP, classification). As our knowledge of data is limited, a single approximation cannot easily find the appropriate graph, so in line with this, multiple graphs are constructed. Recently, multi-metric fusion techniques have been used to construct more accurate graphs which better represent the data manifold and, hence, improve the performance of LP. However, most of these algorithms disregard use of the information of label space in the LP process. In this article, we propose a new multi-metric graph-fusion method, based on the Flexible Manifold Embedding algorithm. Our proposed method represents a unified framework that merges two phases: graph fusion and LP. Based on one available view, different simple graphs were efficiently generated and used as input to our proposed fusion approach. Moreover, our method incorporated the label space information as a new form of graph, namely the Correlation Graph, with other similarity graphs. Furthermore, it updated the correlation graph to find a better representation of the data manifold. Our experimental results on four face datasets in face recognition demonstrated the superiority of the proposed method compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms.
Growth Analysis and Nutrient Solution Management of a Soil-Less Tomato Crop in a Mediterranean Environment
Authors: Signore Angelo , Serio Francesco , Santamaria Pietro
Published: March 2019

The data contained in this article are strictly related to our previous article titled “A Targeted Management of the Nutrient Solution in a Soilless Tomato Crop According to Plant Needs” (Signore, A. et al., 2016). The detailed datasets regards the amount of dry matter (Table 1), the nutrient solution consumption (Table 2) and the mineral composition of plant tissues (Tables 3–7) in a soil-less tomato crop. The information contained in this article are necessary since, unlike the northern European countries, such data are generally missing for the crops in the Mediterranean environment. By correlating the parameters reported above, we were able to provide a more precise management of the nutrient solution, by providing the correct nutrient concentration into the nutrient solution in function of (i) the volume of water absorbed, (ii) the growth rate and (iii) the nutrient concentration in tomato plant. Finally, the more precise management of the nutrient solution allowed discharging a lesser amount of water and nutrients into the environment, improving the sustainability of the crop.
PID Control as a Process of Active Inference with Linear Generative Models
Authors: Baltieri Manuel , Buckley Christopher
Published: March 2019

In the past few decades, probabilistic interpretations of brain functions have become widespread in cognitive science and neuroscience. In particular, the free energy principle and active inference are increasingly popular theories of cognitive functions that claim to offer a unified understanding of life and cognition within a general mathematical framework derived from information and control theory, and statistical mechanics. However, we argue that if the active inference proposal is to be taken as a general process theory for biological systems, it is necessary to understand how it relates to existing control theoretical approaches routinely used to study and explain biological systems. For example, recently, PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) control has been shown to be implemented in simple molecular systems and is becoming a popular mechanistic explanation of behaviours such as chemotaxis in bacteria and amoebae, and robust adaptation in biochemical networks. In this work, we will show how PID controllers can fit a more general theory of life and cognition under the principle of (variational) free energy minimisation when using approximate linear generative models of the world. This more general interpretation also provides a new perspective on traditional problems of PID controllers such as parameter tuning as well as the need to balance performances and robustness conditions of a controller. Specifically, we then show how these problems can be understood in terms of the optimisation of the precisions (inverse variances) modulating different prediction errors in the free energy functional.
Electromyography-Based Respiratory Onset Detection in COPD Patients on Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Sarlabous Leonardo , Estrada Luis , Cerezo-Hernández Ana , V. D. Leest Sietske , Torres Abel , Jané Raimon , Duiverman Marieke , Garde Ainara
Published: March 2019

To optimize long-term nocturnal non-invasive ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, surface diaphragm electromyography (EMGdi) might be helpful to detect patient-ventilator asynchrony. However, visual analysis is labor-intensive and EMGdi is heavily corrupted by electrocardiographic (ECG) activity. Therefore, we developed an automatic method to detect inspiratory onset from EMGdi envelope using fixed sample entropy (fSE) and a dynamic threshold based on kernel density estimation (KDE). Moreover, we combined fSE with adaptive filtering techniques to reduce ECG interference and improve onset detection. The performance of EMGdi envelopes extracted by applying fSE and fSE with adaptive filtering was compared to the root mean square (RMS)-based envelope provided by the EMG acquisition device. Automatic onset detection accuracy, using these three envelopes, was evaluated through the root mean square error (RMSE) between the automatic and mean visual onsets (made by two observers). The fSE-based method provided lower RMSE, which was reduced from 298 ms to 264 ms when combined with adaptive filtering, compared to 301 ms provided by the RMS-based method. The RMSE was negatively correlated with the proposed EMGdi quality indices. Following further validation, fSE with KDE, combined with adaptive filtering when dealing with low quality EMGdi, indicates promise for detecting the neural onset of respiratory drive.
Steady-State Analysis of a Flexible Markovian Queue with Server Breakdowns
Authors: Bounkhel Messaoud , Tadj Lotfi , Hedjar Ramdane
Published: March 2019

A flexible single-server queueing system is considered in this paper. The server adapts to the system size by using a strategy where the service provided can be either single or bulk depending on some threshold level c. If the number of customers in the system is less than c, then the server provides service to one customer at a time. If the number of customers in the system is greater than or equal to c, then the server provides service to a group of c customers. The service times are exponential and the service rates of single and bulk service are different. While providing service to either a single or a group of customers, the server may break down and goes through a repair phase. The breakdowns follow a Poisson distribution and the breakdown rates during single and bulk service are different. Also, repair times are exponential and repair rates during single and bulk service are different. The probability generating function and linear operator approaches are used to derive the system size steady-state probabilities.
The Method of Data Analysis in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Generalized Consistent Decision Formal Context
Authors: Sang Binbin , Long Binghan , Pang Jinzhong , Xu Weihua
Published: March 2019

Concept lattice has been successfully applied to various fields as an effective tool for data analysis and knowledge discovery, with attribute reduction being the key problem. This paper combines the intuitionistic fuzzy theory with the concept lattice theory and proposes one kind of concept lattice in intuitionistic fuzzy generalized consistent decision formal context. Furthermore, an approach to attribute a reduction in the discernibility matrix is proposed and investigated, making the discovery of implicit knowledge easier and the representation simpler in the data system and perfecting the theory of concept lattice. Moreover, this paper studies, in detail, the algorithms and case study of data analysis in the intuitionistic fuzzy generalized consistent decision formal context. The potential value of the method to deal with information discussed in this paper, especially the value of forecasting and decision-making, is expected in future.
Quantum Discord, Thermal Discord, and Entropy Generation in the Minimum Error Discrimination Strategy
Authors: Jiménez Omar , Solís-Prosser Miguel Angel , Neves Leonardo , Delgado Aldo
Published: March 2019

We study the classical and quantum correlations in the minimum error discrimination (ME) of two non-orthogonal pure quantum states. In particular, we consider quantum discord, thermal discord and entropy generation. We show that ME allows one to reach the accessible information between the two involved parties, Alice and Bob, in the discrimination process. We determine the amount of quantum discord that is consumed in the ME and show that the entropy generation is, in general, higher than the thermal discord. However, in certain cases the entropy generation is very close to thermal discord, which indicates that, in these cases, the process generates the least possible entropy. Moreover, we also study the ME process as a thermodynamic cycle and we show that it is in agreement with the second law of thermodynamics. Finally, we study the relation between the accessible information and the optimum success probability in ME.
Global Maximum Power Point Tracking under Shading Condition and Hotspot Detection Algorithms for Photovoltaic Systems
Authors: Gosumbonggot Jirada , Fujita Goro
Published: March 2019

Photovoltaic (PV) technology has been gaining an increasing amount of attention as a renewable energy source. Irradiation and temperature are the two main factors which impact on PV system performance. When partial shading from the surroundings occurs, its incident shadow diminishes the irradiation and reduces the generated power. Moreover, shading affects the pattern of the power–voltage (P–V) characteristic curve to contain more than one power peak, causing difficulties when developing maximum power point tracking. Consequently, shading leads to a hotspot in which spreading the hotspot widely on the PV panel’s surface increases the heat and causes damage to the panel. Since it is not possible to access the circuit inside the PV cells, indirect measurement and fault detection methods are needed to perform them. This paper proposes the global maximum power point tracking method, including the shading detection and tracking algorithm, using the trend of slopes from each section of the curve. The effectiveness was confirmed from the dynamic short-term testing and real weather data. The hotspot-detecting algorithm is also proposed from the analysis of different PV arrays’ configuration, which is approved by the simulation’s result. Each algorithm is presented using the full mathematical equations and flowcharts. Results from the simulation show the accurate tracking result along with the fast-tracking response. The simulation also confirms the success of the proposed hotspot-detection algorithm, confirmed by the graphical and numerical results.
An Improved Comprehensive Model of Pyrolysis of Large Coal Particles to Predict Temperature Variation and Volatile Component Yields
Authors: Zhou Wenning , Huo Hailong , Li Qinye , Dou Ruifeng , Liu Xunliang
Published: March 2019

In this work, an improved comprehensive model was developed for large coal particles to predict temperature variation and volatile component yields. The kinetics model of volatile component yields, where the volatile matters were assumed to comprise nine species, was combined with heat transfer model. The interaction between volatile yield and heat transfer during pyrolysis of large Maltby coal particles was investigated. An apparent temperature difference has been observed between the surface and core of particles at the initial heating stage. The non-uniform temperature distribution inside coal particles causes non-simultaneous volatile yields release from the surface and core area. The volatile release occurs after the coal temperature rises higher than 350 °C, and its yield steeply increases within the temperature range of 450–520 °C. The peak of volatile release rate corresponds to about 485 °C due to the rapid release of tar and H2O. The tar is almost completely released at around 550 °C. With the increasing particle size, the difference in temperature and volatile yield between the surface and core increases at the end of heating. The results are expected to provide insights into the interaction between heat transfer and volatile yields during pyrolysis of large coal particles.
Analysis of Numerical Methods to Include Dynamic Constraints in an Optimal Power Flow Model
Authors: Arredondo Francisco , Castronuovo Edgardo Daniel , Ledesma Pablo , Leonowicz Zbigniew
Published: March 2019

The optimization of the operation of power systems including steady state and dynamic constraints is efficiently solved by Transient Stability Constrained Optimal Power Flow (TSCOPF) models. TSCOPF studies extend well-known optimal power flow models by introducing the electromechanical oscillations of synchronous machines. One of the main approaches in TSCOPF studies includes the discretized differential equations that represent the dynamics of the system in the optimization model. This paper analyzes the impact of different implicit and explicit numerical integration methods on the solution of a TSCOPF model and the effect of the integration time step. In particular, it studies the effect on the power dispatch, the total cost of generation, the accuracy of the calculation of electromechanical oscillations between machines, the size of the optimization problem and the computational time.
Numerical Investigation of the Impacts of Borehole Breakouts on Breakdown Pressure
Authors: Zhang Hua , Yin Shunde , Aadnoy Bernt S.
Published: March 2019

Borehole breakouts appear in drilling and production operations when rock subjected to in situ stress experiences shear failure. However, if a borehole breakout occurs, the boundary of the borehole is no longer circular and the stress distribution around it is different. So, the interpretation of the hydraulic fracturing test results based on the Kirsch solution may not be valid. Therefore, it is important to investigate the factors that may affect the correct interpretation of the breakdown pressure in a hydraulic fracturing test for a borehole that had breakouts. In this paper, two steps are taken to implement this investigation. First, sets of finite element modeling provide sets of data on borehole breakout measures. Second, for a given measure of borehole breakouts, according to the linear relation between the mud pressure and the stress on the borehole wall, the breakdown pressure considering the borehole breakouts is acquired by applying different mud pressure in the model. Results show the difference between the breakdown pressure of a circular borehole and that of borehole that had breakouts could be as large as 82% in some situations.
Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Small Wind Turbines in the Valley of Mexico Metropolitan Area
Authors: Rodriguez-Hernandez Osvaldo , Martinez Manuel , Lopez-Villalobos Carlos , Garcia Hector , Campos-Amezcua Rafael
Published: March 2019

The use of small wind turbines (SWTs) is an alternative energy strategy with increasing potential for satisfying in situ electrical demands and should be studied to promote social penetration. The Valley of Mexico Metropolitan Area (VMMA) has air pollution issues that need to be addressed. This has resulted in programs for monitoring atmospheric variables, such as wind speed. By selecting and using 3 years’ worth of available data, we developed a methodology to study the technical and economic feasibility of using SWTs in the VMMA. To this end, 28 SWT models were assessed at 18 locations to estimate annual energy production. In light of certain data characteristics, an adjustment to the power production was proposed for the specific case of using SWTs. Cash flow analysis and annualized net present value (ANPV) were used to determine economic feasibility for each location; furthermore, electric home feeds in the VMMA were considered to model local economic conditions. Similar wind conditions were observed within the VMMA; however, only two wind turbine and location models provided positive ANPV values. The extra annual benefit for each project was calculated by associating the cost per mitigation of CO2 emissions, which may provide an economic strategy for promoting the penetration of this technology.
Transient Simulation of Geothermal Combined Heat and Power Generation for a Resilient Energetic and Economic Evaluation
Authors: Eller Tim , Heberle Florian , Brüggemann Dieter
Published: March 2019

Geothermal power plants based on the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) are used to convert the thermal power of brine into electricity. The efficiency and profitability of these power plants can be increased by an additional heat supply. The purpose of this study is to evaluate different combined heat and power (CHP) concepts for geothermal applications by thermodynamic and economic considerations. Therefore, a dynamic simulation model of a double-stage ORC is developed to perform annual return simulations. The transient ORC model is validated in a wide range by operational data of an existing power plant in the German Molasse Basin. A district heating system is considered and the corresponding heat load profiles are derived from a real geothermal driven heating network. For CHP, parallel and combined configurations are considered. The validation of the transient model is satisfying with a correlation coefficient of 0.99 between the simulation and real power plant data. The results show that additional heat extraction leads to a higher exergetic efficiency and a higher profitability. The exergetic efficiency and the profitability are increased by up to 7.9% and 16.1%, respectively. The combined concept shows a slightly better performance than the parallel configuration. The efficiency can be increased by up to 1.3%. In economic terms, for CHP the annual return can be increased by at least 2,500,000 €. In principle, the dynamic model shows reliable results for high power gradients. This enables an investigation of geothermal ORC models for the reserve market in future works.
Communication Protocols of an Industrial Internet of Things Environment: A Comparative Study
Authors: Jaloudi Samer
Published: March 2019

Most industrial and SCADA-like (supervisory control and data acquisition) systems use proprietary communication protocols, and hence interoperability is not fulfilled. However, the MODBUS TCP is an open de facto standard, and is used for some automation and telecontrol systems. It is based on a polling mechanism and follows the synchronous request–response pattern, as opposed to the asynchronous publish–subscribe pattern. In this study, polling-based and event-based protocols are investigated to realize an open and interoperable Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) environment. Many Internet of Things (IoT) protocols are introduced and compared, and the message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) is chosen as the event-based, publish–subscribe protocol. The study shows that MODBUS defines an optimized message structure in the application layer, which is dedicated to industrial applications. In addition, it shows that an event-oriented IoT protocol complements the MODBUS TCP but cannot replace it. Therefore, two scenarios are proposed to build the IIoT environment. The first scenario is to consider the MODBUS TCP as an IoT protocol, and build the environment using the MODBUS TCP on a standalone basis. The second scenario is to use MQTT in conjunction with the MODBUS TCP. The first scenario is efficient and complies with most industrial applications where the request–response pattern is needed only. If the publish–subscribe pattern is needed, the MQTT in the second scenario complements the MODBUS TCP and eliminates the need for a gateway; however, MQTT lacks interoperability. To maintain a homogeneous message structure for the entire environment, industrial data are organized using the structure of MODBUS messages, formatted in the UTF-8, and then transferred in the payload of an MQTT publish message. The open and interoperable environment can be used for Internet SCADA, Internet-based monitoring, and industrial control systems.
Closure Relations for Fluxes of Flame Surface Density and Scalar Dissipation Rate in Turbulent Premixed Flames
Authors: Lipatnikov Andrei N. , Nishiki Shinnosuke , Hasegawa Tatsuya
Published: March 2019

In this study, closure relations for total and turbulent convection fluxes of flame surface density and scalar dissipation rate were developed (i) by placing the focus of consideration on the flow velocity conditioned to the instantaneous flame within the mean flame brush and (ii) by considering the limiting behavior of this velocity at the leading and trailing edges of the flame brush. The model was tested against direct numerical simulation (DNS) data obtained from three statistically stationary, one-dimensional, planar, premixed turbulent flames associated with the flamelet regime of turbulent burning. While turbulent fluxes of flame surface density and scalar dissipation rate, obtained in the DNSs, showed the countergradient behavior, the model predicted the total fluxes reasonably well without using any tuning parameter. The model predictions were also compared with results computed using an alternative closure relation for the flame-conditioned velocity.
Inhomogeneous Flow of Wormlike Micelles: Predictions of the Generalized BMP Model with Normal Stresses
Authors: García-Sandoval J. Paulo , Bautista Fernando , Puig Jorge E. , Manero Octavio
Published: March 2019

In this work, we examine the shear-banding flow in polymer-like micellar solutions with the generalized Bautista-Manero-Puig (BMP) model. The couplings between flow, structural parameters, and diffusion naturally arise in this model, derived from the extended irreversible thermodynamics (EIT) formalism. Full tensorial expressions derived from the constitutive equations of the model, in addition to the conservation equations, apply for the case of simple shear flow, in which gradients of the parameter representing the structure of the system and concentration vary in the velocity gradient direction. The model predicts shear-banding, concentration gradients, and jumps in the normal stresses across the interface in shear-banding flows.
Italy and China Sharing Best Practices on the Sustainable Development of Small Underground Settlements
Authors: Genovese Laura , Varriale Roberta , Luvidi Loredana , Fratini Fabio
Published: March 2019

Both Southern Italy and Central China feature historic rural settlements characterized by underground constructions with residential and service functions. Many of these areas are currently tackling economic, social and environmental problems, resulting in unemployment, disengagement, depopulation, marginalization or loss of cultural and biological diversity. Both in Europe and in China, policies for rural development address three core areas of intervention: agricultural competitiveness, environmental protection and the promotion of rural amenities through strengthening and diversifying the economic base of rural communities. The challenge is to create innovative pathways for regeneration based on raising awareness to inspire local rural communities to develop alternative actions to reduce poverty while preserving the unique aspects of their local environment and culture. In this view, cultural heritage can be a catalyst for the sustainable growth of the rural community. Through a series of projects on a national and international scale, the authors have addressed some of these problems by exchanging best practices in conservation, sustainable use and the enhancement of the underground heritage.
Protein Adductomics: Methodologies for Untargeted Screening of Adducts to Serum Albumin and Hemoglobin in Human Blood Samples
Authors: Carlsson Henrik , Rappaport Stephen M. , Törnqvist Margareta
Published: March 2019

The reaction products of electrophiles in vivo can be measured as adducts to the abundant proteins, hemoglobin (Hb), and human serum albumin (HSA), in human blood samples. During the last decade, methods for untargeted screening of such adducts, called “adductomics”, have used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to detect large numbers of previously unknown Hb and HSA adducts. This review presents methodologies that were developed and used in our laboratories for Hb and HSA adductomics, respectively. We discuss critical aspects regarding choice of target protein, sample preparation, mass spectrometry, data evaluation, and strategies for identification of detected unknown adducts. With this review we give an overview of these two methodologies used for protein adductomics and the precursor electrophiles that have been elucidated from the adducts.
Resistance Exercise Training Attenuates the Loss of Endogenous GLP-1 Receptor in the Hypothalamus of Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Authors: Park Se Hwan , Yoon Jin Hwan , Seo Dae Yun , Kim Tae Nyun , Ko Jeong Rim , Han Jin
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance exercise training on hypothalamic GLP-1R levels and its related signaling mechanisms in T2DM. The animals were separated into three groups: a non-diabetic control (CON), diabetic control (DM), and diabetic with resistance exercise (DM + EXE) group. The resistance exercise training group performed ladder climbing (eight repetitions, three days per week for 12 weeks). Body weight was slightly lower in the DM + EXE group than the DM group, but difference between the groups was not significant. Food intake and glucose were significantly lower in the DM + EXE group than in the DM group. The blood insulin concentration was significantly higher and glucagon was significantly lower in the DM + EXE group. The DM + EXE group in the hypothalamus showed significant increases in GLP-1R mRNA, protein kinase A (PKA), glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), and protein kinase B (AKT) and significant decrease in protein kinase C-iota (PKC-iota). Antioxidant enzymes and apoptosis factors were significantly improved in the DM + EXE group compared with the DM group in the hypothalamus. The results suggest that resistance exercise contributes to improvements the overall health of the brain in diabetic conditions.
Evaluating the Risk of Epidemic Thunderstorm Asthma: Lessons from Australia
Authors: Campbell Sharon L. , Fox-Hughes Paul D. , Jones Penelope J. , Remenyi Tomas A. , Chappell Kate , White Christopher J. , Johnston Fay H.
Published: March 2019

Epidemic thunderstorm asthma (ETA) is an emerging public health threat in Australia, highlighted by the 2016 event in Melbourne, Victoria, that overwhelmed health services and caused loss of life. However, there is limited understanding of the regional variations in risk. We evaluated the public health risk of ETA in the nearby state of Tasmania by quantifying the frequency of potential ETA episodes and applying a standardized natural disaster risk assessment framework. Using a case–control approach, we analyzed emergency presentations in Tasmania’s public hospitals from 2002 to 2017. Cases were defined as days when asthma presentations exceeded four standard deviations from the mean, and controls as days when asthma presentations were less than one standard deviation from the mean. Four controls were randomly selected for each case. Independently, a meteorologist identified the dates of potential high-risk thunderstorm events. No case days coincided with thunderstorms during the study period. ETA was assessed as a very low risk to the Tasmanian population, with these findings informing risk prioritization and resource allocation. This approach may be scaled and applied in other settings to determine local ETA risk. Furthermore, the identification of hazards using this method allows for critical analysis of existing public health systems.