bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
„Von dem einigen mitler Jhesu Christo“. Was man von Andreas Osianders Häresie noch lernen könnte
Authors: Sparn Walter
Published: December 2022

The first part of this contribution is devoted to my recollection of Christoph Schwöbel; both of us were pupils of Carl Heinz Ratschow, albeit at different times and in different roles. However, we both have been following a twofold counsel of our teacher, first not to restrict theology to value judgments but to strive for an ontology of Christian belief and second to work with a “Trinitarian definition of Christology”. Part two recounts the turmoil around Andreas Osiander in a turbulent time of a crisis of authority around 1550. He was in the end judged to be heretic and was excluded from “true” Lutheranism in the Formula of Concord 1577. Indeed, his doctrine of justification, influenced by humanistic Neoplatonism and even the Kabbala was contrary to the predominant position of the Wittenberg school. However, the crucial point was Osiander’s constellation of Soteriology, Christology and Trinitarian concept of God on a strictly exegetic basis. Part three offers a sketch of the interrelation of Osiander’s soteriological model of the believer’s ascension to God, his Christology of a mediator, and his concept of the divine Logos. In his time, Osiander in a way fulfilled Ratschow’s twofold counsel, in opposition to Christological functionalism and theological positivism. Even today, in view of the ecumenical debate on the doctrine of justification, his thought might give useful hints for revising the aforementioned tasks in fundamental theology.
Hegel’s Camel. From the History of Reconciliation to the Theory of Atonement
Authors: Saarinen Risto
Published: December 2022

The paper discusses the relationship between “atonement” and “reconciliation” in systematic theology, claiming that Hegel’s concept of reconciliation (Versöhnung) continues to influence contemporary English-speaking theology. It is argued that the so-called theories of atonement often tacitly assume “Hegel’s camel”, an idea consisting of three propositions as follows: (i) atonement is a consistent umbrella concept that pertains to the systematic explanation of the entire work of Christ, (ii) atonement contains both an overarching rational insight and a moral code of conduct that provide an apology for the truth of Christian faith, (iii) Anselm of Canterbury has seminal importance when this rational atonement is explained. The paper complements the author’s historical-critical discussion of “reconciliation” undertaken in St. Andrews Encyclopedia of Theology.
Welche Metaphysik braucht die Theologie? Mit einem Deutsch-Skandinavischen Rückblick
Authors: Aarhus Svend Andersen
Published: December 2022

The critique of C. H. Ratschow and Knud E. Løgstrup against the existential theology of Bultmann serves as starting point for asking the question about the possibility of thinking metaphysically within theology. Various forms of critique of metaphysics are mentioned, in particular the one of Jürgen Habermas, who’s characterisation of Martin Luther’s theology as „fideistic“ is rejected. After a short presentation of the concept of time in Luther’s De servo aritrio the creation philosophy of Løgstrup is presented as a plausible theological metaphysics.
Wie ist die Welt zu erklären, wenn sie einer Erklärung bedarf?
Authors: Hermanni Friedrich
Published: December 2022

The essay explores in four steps the question of whether the world needs an ex­planation and how it is to be explained in the case of its need for explanation. The first step argues that the principle of sufficient reason is valid and may be applied to the world as a whole. The three following steps examine different possibilities of explaining the world. It is shown that neither an immanent nor an axiogenetic explanation is possible, but that only an ontotheological explanation has a chance of success.
Fabrication of high strength and functional GO/PVA/PAN ternary composite fibers by gel spinning
Authors: Hu Xinjun , Ren Nan , Wu Yiqi , Jin Lijun , Chen Songbo , Bai Yongxiao
Published: December 2022

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber is soft and comfortable, but its poor strength compared to other synthetic fibers has limited it wide range of applications. This study effectively improved the strength of PAN fibers by adding graphene oxide (GO) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) during PAN spinning. The composite fibers were prepared via gel spinning and subsequent hot drawing process. The results show that the PVA molecular chains embedded into the PAN molecular chain significantly improved the mechanical properties of the hybrid fiber. At the same time, the defect reduced the UV resistance and thermal stability of the hybrid fibers only when the PVA molecular was introduced in the PAN. Surprisingly, after the recomposition of GO in the above mixed polymer system, the interaction between the GO and matrix not only improved the mechanical properties of the fiber, but also enhanced the UV resistance and thermal stability. In addition, when the amount of GO was 0.3 wt%, the crystallinity of the GO/PVA/PAN composite fiber reached the maximum and the tensile strength was the highest. This strategic approach suggests an effective method to prepare graphene-based ternary composites fibers with high strength and novel functional characteristics.
China’s Official Finance in the Global South: Whatʼs the Literature Telling Us?
Authors: Ahmed Salma
Published: December 2022

In the last two decades, there have been exponential increases in Chinese loans and grants, particularly flowing to the Global South. The subsequent growth effects in the South have led to speculation about China’s development models that govern its official finance and the overall macroeconomic effects. Consequently, a considerable body of research has investigated how different Chinese development policies affect the allocation patterns and outcomes in the Global South. This paper critically reviews related scholarly works, emphasising empirical literature. It identifies that the One China Policy is unanimously the most important strategy in explaining Chinese funding, although this policy tool may not be linked to trade with China and its humanitarian assistance. Chinese finance undermines efforts to promote good governance and contributes to political extortion and environmental degradation in recipient countries by not imposing governance reform conditionality on official financing. However, this argument must be carefully weighed against the positive impact of Chinese finance on health and economic growth, among other benefits. Despite intense research efforts, further research is still needed to understand vulnerabilities associated with China’s development models. The information conveyed by the review will be of interest to foreign aid spectators seeking to learn from China’s experience.
Thermal Behavior of Saturated Sand at Different Relative Densities
Authors: Liu Hong , Sun Miao , Meng Minqiang , Sun Zengchun
Published: December 2022

With the proposal of a dual carbon goal in China, shallow geothermal energy as a kind of clean energy has been gradually promoted and applied. At the same time, more and more geotechnical workers have gradually paid attention to the influence of temperature on the mechanical characteristics of rock and soil mass. Existing experimental research has shown that the thermodynamic behavior for cohesive soil such as clay and silt is relatively mature but is relatively less mature for noncohesive soil, especially for sand. Based on the hollow cylinder triaxial specimen, a series of temperature-controlled triaxial tests have been carried out on saturated Fujian sand under different initial relative density and temperature conditions to capture the change of axial and volumetric strains for saturated sand specimen with increasing temperature. In addition, a bulk volumetric coefficient of thermal expansion of the sand specimen has been put forward, and the relationship between this coefficient and initial relative density also has been established. Then, the thermal deformation mechanism of saturated sand specimen has been revealed. After that, based on the test data during undrained shearing, the stress–strain relationship, deviatoric stress, and pore water pressure at peak state for loose and medium-dense saturated sand specimens have been explored, which can be used to provide some theoretical guidance for shallow geothermal energy and other temperature-related engineering applications.
THE EFFECT OF THE USE OF FRESH AND LYOPHILIZED BOZA ON BREAD QUALITY PROPERTIES
Authors: KILMANOĞLU Hilal , AKBAŞ Meryem , KUMCUOĞLU Seher , TAVMAN Şebnem
Published: December 2022

Boza, a functional traditional beverage, is a product obtained by fermenting grains. In this study, the use of different proportions of boza (25%, 50%, 60% on flour basis) and lyophilized boza (5%, 8%, 10% on flour basis) as a starter and their effects on the microbiological, chemical, textural and sensory properties of bread were investigated. The addition of boza was found to increase dough extensibility and resistance to extension compared to control bread. The proportions of fresh boza or lyophilized boza were significantly correlated with the hardness of breads. In addition, the L value in boza added breads were significantly decreased compared with the control bread. It was determined that the lyophilization caused a significant decrease in lactic acid bacteria compared with yeast counts. The most acceptable group after the control bread was determined to be 25% fresh boza added bread and 5% lyophilized boza added bread.
A THEMATIC SYNTHESIS OF STUDIES ON INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED FROM 2007 TO 2012 IN GAUTENG, LIMPOPO AND KWAZULU-NATAL: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE QUALITATIVE EVIDENCE
Authors: Sitshange Madoda
Published: December 2022

This paper describes a systematic review of studies on income-generating projects in poor communities. The review found that the beneficiaries experienced their participation in such activities as empowering, particularly in terms of accessing moral support. Their self-esteem was enhanced by their ability to contribute to their family’s livelihood. Yet it also emerges from the evidence that the long-term impact of income-generating projects is uncertain, because of concern about the beneficiaries’ abilities to independently sustain the gains. The paper recommends more complex and large-scale qualitative and quantitative systematic reviews to test more accurately whether systematic reviews of the data from income-generation programmes make better sense of developmental interventions. Keywords: systematic review, thematic synthesis, income generation, poverty alleviation, social development
Liver Histopathology of Rats Induced by High-Fat Feed After Giving Neem Leaf Ethanol Extract
Authors: Isdadiyanto Sri , Pratiwi Anggih Retno , Mardiati Siti Muflichatun
Published: December 2022

Foods that contain high levels of fat can cause hyperlipidemia, which is one of the triggering factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Neem leaves contain flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins which have the ability to act as hepatoprotectors. This study aimed to determine the Liver Histopathology of Rats Induced by High-Fat Feed After Giving Neem Leaf Ethanol Extract. Twenty-four the male white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) were divided into 6 treatment groups, namely: normal control (P0); negative control (P1: given high-fat diet); P2 treatment (P1+ 8 mg/200gBW simvastatin); and P1+ the dose of neem leaf ethanolic extract of  75; 100; and 125 mg/200gBW (P3; P4; and P5). Fixation process with 10% Neutral Formalin Buffer (NFB) solution. Liver histopathological preparations were made by paraffin method and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, histopathological observations with a 400x magnification microscope. Liver histopathology was analyzed descriptively, homogeneous and normally distributed data of liver weight and hepatocyte diameter were analyzed statistically using ANOVA followed by Duncan's test with a significance level of 5% using SPSS 16.0 software. The results showed that the administration of ethanolic extract of neem leaves could improve the liver histology structure. From this study it was concluded that the ethanolic extract of neem leaves can be used as an alternative hepatoprotector.
The Effect Of Moringa Leaf Extract On Hyperglycemic Rat Liver Function
Authors: Christijanti Wulan , Marianti Aditya , Susanti R. , Rakainsa Senda Kartika
Published: December 2022

One of the management of diabetics is to maintain stable glucose levels. Often diabetes treatment combines chemical drugs with medicinal plants. People have consumed a lot of Moringa leaves which are believed to be able to maintain body condition. One of the benefits of Moringa leaves with phytochemical components in it is as a hepatoprotector. The aim of this study was to analyze the role of Moringa leaf extract on liver function parameters of hyperglycemic rats. There were 4 groups, normal control (K0), hyperglycemic rats with induction of alloxan 125 mg/kg bw and divided into three groups treated with moringa leaf extract at a dose of 0 mg (K1), 200 mg (T1) and 400 mg/kg bw (T2 ) for 21 days. The variables measured were aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, total cholesterol. Data were analyzed with Anova P0.05 and Least Significance Different (LSD) follow-up test. The results showed that the levels of AST and ALT were highest in the K1 group which then decreased significantly in the group that received Moringa extract (T1 and T2). Statistically there was a significant difference (p0.05) between the control and treatment groups. Cholesterol levels in the control group were significantly lower than the diabetes and treatment groups, but there was no significant difference between the treatment groups. The conclusion is that Moringa leaf extract has an effect on reducing liver enzyme levels and cholesterol in hyperglycemic rats. This research adds to the study of the hepatoprotective potential of Moringa leaf extract in hyperglycemic rats.
The Effect of Ciplukan (Physalis minima) Leaf Extract on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Population Doubling Time (PDT) In Vitro
Authors: Suryani Irma , Eriani Kartini , Suhartono Suhartono
Published: December 2022

Physalis minimahas been used as herbal medicine because it is believed by the community to cure neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of P.minima extract in increasing the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from mouse (Musmusculus) bone marrow (BM). BM from the femur and tibia were isolated using a flushing method. BM-MSC primary culture was conducted in mesenPROÒ medium at 37ᵒC in a 5% CO2 incubator until it reached a 70% confluence.BM-MSCs were sub-cultured overnight in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Media (mDMEM). The mDMEM was replaced with a treatment medium on the second day of subculture. The treatment medium was changed every three days and evaluated under an inverted microscope by counting the number of cells at the beginning and the end of the incubation period. The proliferation rate is expressed as PDT, which was statistically analyzed using ANOVA at a significance level of 0.05% and followed-up with Duncan's test. Statistically, P. minima leaf extract could significantly reduce the PDT value. The optimum dose of P. minima leaf extract that can increase the proliferation of BM-MSC was 0.8 mg/ml. It is concluded that P. minima leaf extract was effective as an inducer of BM-MSC proliferation. The data obtained is the preliminary data on the use of P.minimaextracts in stem cell-based therapy. The results of this study provide important information in scientifically proving the potential of P. minima extract on stem cell proliferation.
Diversity and Feeding Guild of Birds Along Gradient of Revegetated Area in Karst Ecosystem: a Case Study from Rembang, Central Java
Authors: Humami Dhimas Wildan , Sujono Puput Anggie Widhiarti , Muzaki Farid Kamal , Fadhlillah Ajiditya Putro , Drianto Endar , Lestari Yeni Indah
Published: December 2022

In the mining industry, provision of new habitat through land rehabilitation and affforestation is an important step to anticipate the loss of biodiversity, including bird communities. The positive impacts of land rehabilitation and affforestation thus can be identified from results of periodic monitoring. The turnover of bird communities associated with afforestation is related to changes in structural habitat features that provide food and shelter. In this study, we have monitored bird community assemblages and feeding guild structure in revegetated area of karst in Rembang, Central Java. Three locations (EDP, GBC and GBL) were selected and characterized by different land use, vegetational age and floral composition. Surveys were conducted using point count method in early April for three consecutive years (2020-2022). In total, we have identified 32 bird species from 29 genera, 22 families and 9 orders. Most of birds observed considered as generalist, cosmopolitan and well-adapted to various habitat. Total species richness (19.33±3.22 to 20.67±4.12) and value of diversity index (H’ = 2.41±0.14 to 2.56±0.29) were only slightly differed among locations. Species richness and total abundance in each sites tend to increase along periods of observation, suggesting that bird community change in response to further structural habitat changes that occur as vegetations age. Furthermore, higher abundance occurred in larger area or in sites with more native plant species. The feeding guild costisting 7 groups and dominated by insectivore, both based on number of species (46.88%) and individuals (49.07%). Results of the study are expected to help identify more appropriate management of conservation and habitat restoration in the area.
Analysis of the Bioactive Compounds N-Hexane Extract of Ramie Leaves and Flowers (Boehmeria nivea) and Antibacterial Test Against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Wulandari Asri Peni , Rossiana Nia , Wandira Ayu
Published: December 2022

Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) is one of the Urticaceae family plants with various potential for pharmacological development. In this study, we analyzed the bioactive content of the n-hexane extract of B. nivea leaves and flowers, and the crude extract was tested for antibacterial activity. The metabolites in the leaves and flowers of ramie were analyzed using a Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Antibacterial potential analysis was carried out by disc diffusion method using n-hexane extract of ramie leaves and flowers at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% in inhibiting Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antibacterial potential was observed based on the average result of three observations of the diameter of the clear zone to determine the effectiveness of the extract. The results showed that the metabolome data of the n-hexane extract of ramie leaves were obtained as many as 40 compounds. Meanwhile, ramie flower metabolome analysis obtained 47 compounds, but one compound has not been identified. The crude n-hexane extract of B. nivea flower gave antibacterial activity at 80% and 100% concentrations against E. coli with an average clear zone of 9.15 ± 0.31 mm and 10.29 ± 0.28 mm. In contrast, the n-hexane extract of B .nivea leaves did not show any antibacterial activity. The results of confirmation of the dominant compound by GC-MS showed that the n-hexane extract consisted of tetratetracontane, tetracontane, Stigmast-5-en-3-ol,(3.beta.,24S)-(CAS)Clionasterol, methyl commate D, and 2,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexsaene,2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-, (all-E). The n-hexane extract of B. nivea is recommended for other potential biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic.
In Vitro Multiplication of Nepenthes mirabilis Lour (Druce) with Variations Concentration of Sucrose and BAP
Authors: Rahayu Enni Suwarsi , Banowati Nabila Cyntia
Published: December 2022

Nepenthes mirabilis (Lour) Druce is a rare ornamental plant and has high economic value so it needs to be preserved. This study aimed to analyze  effect of sucrose and BAP concentrations and their optimal interactions in the in vitro multiplication of Nepenthes mirabilis. Explants in the form of in vitro plantlets from Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture, Department of Biology, Semarang State University. The treatment was carried out by adding sucrose and BAP to murashige skoog (MS) media with various concentrations. The treatments were arranged in two factor completely randomized design with four replications. Plantlets were planted in the treatment medium for 10 weeks, then every week the growth of shoots and leaves of N. mirabilis was observed. The data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Duncan's test. The results showed that  concentration of sucrose, BAP, and their interactions affected the growth of explants. Plantlets grown on media with sucrose concentration 20 g/l produced the highest number of shoots, media with concentrations BAP 3 and 2 ppm produced the highest number of shoots and number of leaves. Medium ½ MS with varying concentrations of sucrose 20 g/l with 3 ppm BAP and sucrose 20 g/l  with 2 ppm BAP resulted in the highest growth in the number of shoots and number of leaves. The composition of this medium can be used for the multiplication of  N. mirabilis.
The potential of Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq and Scurrula ferruginea stem from Syzygium aqueum as source of natural antioxidant
Authors: Kristiani Elizabeth Betty Elok , Kasmiyati Sri
Published: December 2022

Many studies show the antioxidant ability of the parasite plant. This study aims to determine the capacity of Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq and Scurrula ferruginea stem from Syzygium aqueum to use as a natural antioxidant source. The sample was taken from the host Syzygium aqueum. The sampels were exraction with ethanol using maceration. The parameters determined spectrophotometrically using specific reagents that were antioxidant capacity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, phenolics compounds using Folin-Ciocalteu, flavonoids using AlCl3, ascorbic acid using sulfosalicylic acid, while chlorophyll and carotenoid using dimethyl sulfoxide. The result of D. pentandra (L.) Miq and S. ferruginea extract showed that IC50 were 15.09±1.02 and 20.53±1.77 mg/ml, content of phenolics compounds were 557.45±19.77 and 433.99±20.89 mg GAE/ml extract, flavonoids were 9.72±0.23 and 3.02±0.71 mg QE/ml extract, chlorophylls-a were 2.67± 0.15 and 2.77±0,08 mg/g extract, chlorophylls-b were 3.34±0.06 and 3.44±0.04 mg/g extract, total chlorophylls were 6.01±0.21 mg/g extract, carotenoids were 1.71±0.01 and 2.10±0.01 mg/g extract respectively. The stems of both D. pentandra (L.) Miq and S. ferruginea from Syzygium aqueum have very strong antioxidant abilities so that they are potential to use as a source of natural antioxidants. The compounds support the antioxidant activity were phenolic, flavonoids, and ascorbic acids. The results of this study will open up opportunities to obtain new sources of antioxidants that can be utilized in human health management.
Production of α-Amylase Inhibitors of Aspergillus RD2 from Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora L.) as Diabetes Drug
Authors: Lutfiyah Kiara , Pujiyanto Sri , Jannah Siti Nur
Published: December 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by above normal blood glucose levels. A α-amylase inhibitors have inhibitory activity against α-amylase enzymes and cause decrease in glucose absorption. Dewandaru (E. uniflora L.) has the potential to produce compounds capable of controlling blood glucose levels. Aspergillus RD2 from twigs of the Dewandaru plant is expected to be able to produce antidiabetic compounds. This study aimed to determine the ability of the Aspergillus RD2 to produce α-amylase inhibitors by determining the production time, extracting α-amylase inhibitor compounds, testing the activity of the supernatant αα-amylase inhibitor and ethyl acetate extract with various concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% and GC-MS analysis. The results showed the Aspergillus RD2 was able to produce αα-amylase inhibitors with an inhibitory activity of 59.71%. The incubation time of the Aspergillus RD2 in producing the highest α-amylase inhibitor was on the 7th day. The highest α-amylase inhibitor activity was at a concentration of 6% extract with an inhibition percentage of 82.79%. 9-Octadecenoic acid, 9-Octadecenal and n-Hexadecanoic acid were identified as having α-amylase inhibitor and antidiabetic activity. Aspergillus RD2 is able to produce α-amylase inhibitor compounds that have the potential to be used as antidiabetic drugs.
Application of Three Weed Pathogenic Fungi on Bok choy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinnensis)
Authors: Febriyanto Dwi Wahyu , Nurtiati Nurtiati - , Mugiastuti Endang - , Manan Abdul , Sastyawan Murti Wisnu Ragil , Soesanto Loekas
Published: December 2022

Weed pathogenic fungi play an important role in biological control of weeds. Weeds grow a lot among cultivated plants, the role of weed pathogenic fungi to cultivated plants is not yet known. This research aimed to determine the effect of weed pathogenic fungi on bok choy. The research was carried out in Tambaksogra Village, Sumbang District, Banyumas Regency at an altitude of 100 m above sea level. Randomized block design was used with treatments of weed pathogenic fungi (Fusarium sp., Curvularia sp., Chaetomium sp., Fusarium sp. + Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp. + Chaetomium sp., Curvularia sp. + Chaetomium sp., and Fusarium sp. + Curvularia sp. + Chaetomium sp.) repeated four times. The observed variables included symptoms, incubation period, disease intensity, disease incidence, infection rate, AUDPC, number of leaves, plant height, and plant fresh and dry weight. Results showed that Weed pathogenic fungi of Curvularia sp. and Chaetomium sp. alone or in combination did not affect bok choy indicated by disease intensity of 0 %, and did not affect plant height, number of leaves, and plant fresh weight. The weed pathogenic fungi can be used as a bioherbicide in bok choy. To control weeds in bok choy plantations, both weed pathogenic fungi are recommended to be used. The further application of weed pathogenic fungi needs to be continued to other cultivated plants besides bokchoy.
Musical Culture of Ukraine against the Challenges of Time
Authors:   M. Rylskyi Institute of Art Studies, Folkloristics and Ethnology, Kuzyk Valentyna
Published: December 2022

Currently, Ukraine is living in a historically defining period of the Russian-Ukrainian war, when the feeling of national dignity and self-respect of a civilized European person is asserted in society. Comparison of the events of 1918–1921 appears constantly – the times of the first proclaimed independent Ukrainian People’s Republic, and 2022, when the enemy’s position to put an end to the Ukrainian question finally is manifested with particular aggression. The Ukrainian Republican Chapel under the leadership of Oleksandr Koshyts – the first cultural ambassador of Ukraine in Western Europe and America – has been of a great significance in those historical events. The actions of representatives of Ukrainian culture, musicians in particular, have become a powerful “humanitarian weapon” in the contemporary confrontation between civilization and the savagery of the horde. The concert activity of our performers has covered musical and theater stages of various countries of the world. Many leading foreign groups have decided to perform Ukrainian music. The National Anthem of Ukraine and the songs Oi u luzi chervona kalyna / Oh, Red Viburnum in the Meadow (version by Andrii Khlyvnyuk and the Pink Floyd ensemble), Stefania by Kalush Orchestra (winners of Eurovision Song Contest–2022) have become the most widespread. Nowadays there are three essential components in European musical culture, requiring serious attention: 1) Creative heritage, i. e. Russian heritage, spread over the centuries; 2) Performing forces, namely the priority of musicians from Ukraine; 3) Solving the problem in Ukraine itself, primarily with the so-called Russian heritage. The Russian-Ukrainian war has dotted all the “i” over many essential phenomena of life and become a powerful impetus for reorganization processes both in national and world musical culture.
Former Soviet Military Bases from the Perspective of Thirty Years: An Ethnographic Mise-en-scene
Authors:   Centre of Ethnology and Modern Anthropology of the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Demski Dagnosław
Published: December 2022

The site of the former Soviet military base changed after the withdrawal of the Soviet army in 1991–1993 is discussed in the article. The analysis concerns the third former military bases in Borne Sulinowo (Poland), Milovice (Czech Republic) and the former missile bases near Gulbene (Latvia) and three fieldworks have been taken in the 2005–2020 and finished because of the coronavirus pandemic. Transformation of these places and adaptation of the old infrastructure to the new situation in cities inhabited by civilians from the “exhibitionary” position is considered. My assumption is that after the departure of Russian the key decisions on the future belonged to the local population of cities (Borne Sulinowo, Milovice). As a result of these decision, development went in different directions – various goals, direction, attitude to the difficult past, historical, geographical, political contexts – are the subject of analysis. We can observe a clash between long-term state strategies with the tactic used by individuals, including everyday practice. Comparing the activities and changes in these three localities, I pay attention to the so-called mise-en-scene, a concept named in the sphere of theater and film, but also in ethnography, understood as delineating the area. Such practices formed a separate ‘microcosm’, which later served as attraction for visitors. The juxtaposition showed that each place carried different story emerging in a different context, and thus given a specific message: a modern city opened to the future, although using its unique (both German and Soviet) military past (Borne Sulinowo), a city focused on entertainment and using extensive former military spaces like airfield, buildings (Milovice), or blurring the traces of not very distant past (Gulbene area). Each of these places struggles with its troubled and unwanted past, however over time gaining distance it is manifested in various ways (through entertainment, museums, attempts to present memory, war vehicle festival etc.).
Aphasia and explicit next speaker selection
Authors: Hamdani Fakry , Barnes Scott
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Typical speakers use various explicit practices for selecting a next speaker in everyday conversations, but little is known about how explicit next speaker selection is accomplished by people with aphasia and their conversation partners, nor the effects of aphasia on this aspect of conversation. Method: This study explores explicit next speaker selection in Indonesian multiparty conversations involving people with aphasia. A total of 150 minutes of conversation were analyzed using conversation analysis, focusing on a set of 208 questions. Results: People with aphasia relied on gaze and tacit resources to select next speakers. They also failed to secure uptake of their questions despite successful selection. When they are selected as next speaker, people with aphasia also experienced difficulty participating effectively. Discussion and conclusion: Selecting people with aphasia as next speakers can cause their linguistic competence to be topicalized and may result in their failing to develop a fitted response to the question. The findings of the present study offer some potential new directions for measuring conversations involving people with aphasia.
Assisted eating as a communicative activity
Authors: Ekström Anna , Majlesi Ali Reza , Hydén Lars-Christer
Published: December 2022

Background: This study aims to further the understanding of communication involving people with late-stage dementia by highlighting assisted eating as an interactive joint activity. Assisted eating is, on the surface, primarily a care activity with the purpose of feeding the assisted person and thereby facilitating nutritional uptake. Helping someone to eat requires, nevertheless, fine-grained communication and co-ordination of both attention and embodied actions. Method: Using video recordings where a person with late-stage dementia is provided with assistance to eat, we show how assisted eating is sequentially organized into smaller, local communicative projects, and how each project's completion is contingent upon the temporal co-ordination of the participants’ attention and embodied actions. Results: The analysis shows how actions necessary to carry out the eating (e.g., manipulating the food, bringing the food to the mouth) are also inherently communicative and achieved through an embodied participation framework. Discussion/conclusion: Our findings show that while the caregiving staff perform most of the actions required in the assisted eating, the person with dementia is a central agent whose actions – displays of engagement and disengagement – are decisive for the progression of the eating activity and play central roles in the interactive achievement of the activity.
The impact of stuttering in the university
Authors: Azios Michael , Stamatis Maria , De Nardo Thales , Tetnowski John
Published: December 2022

Objective: The aims of this investigation were to explore (a) the experiences of women who stutter in university settings; (b) the impact of stuttering related to the emotions attached to stuttering; (c) the impact of stuttering on relationships for women; and (d) coping and management of stuttering within the university setting. Method: Interpretive phenomenological analysis was used to understand the lived experiences of women who stutter when attending university. In-depth semi-structured interviews were collected from seven women who stutter and subjected to inductive analysis. Results: Qualitative data analysis indicated that participants reported four themes related to their university experiences: ‘Role of support’; ‘Client-centered therapy’; ‘Role of authoritative figures’; and ‘The stuttering stereotype exists.’ Discussion: Women are presented with unique challenges while attending university, as they must combat stereotypes related to stuttering and being a woman, and they must also overcome the related obstacles. Conclusions: There is much work to be done in the university setting, in order to change how people who stutter are portrayed and how stuttering is perceived. These data point toward the need for advocacy training within the university setting, and for more holistic approaches to be utilized in stuttering intervention.
Learning from the Talk of Persons with Dementia: A Practical Guide to Interaction and Interactional Research Edited by T. Stickle (2020)
Authors: Hydén Lars-Christer
Published: December 2022

Learning from the Talk of Persons with Dementia: A Practical Guide to Interaction and Interactional Research Edited by T. Stickle (2020) Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, xix + 255pp.
Evidence-based teaching in Swedish compulsory schools for pupils with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Frostlund Jörgen , Nordgren Pia M
Published: December 2022

Background: This study aims to identify the evidence-based teaching programs regarding communication and interaction that underpin Swedish compulsory schools for pupils with intellectual disabilities (ID). Method: This quantitative census survey fills a gap in the existing research literature, in that all qualified teachers in the schools report on the use of evidence-based teaching programs regarding communication and interaction for pupils with ID. Results: Only a small proportion of the teachers received any formal teacher training on evidence-based teaching programs or participated in any continuing professional development (CPD) on these programs. We also evidenced a teaching gap among Swedish special schools, as commonly used teaching programs differ within Swedish compulsory schools for pupils with ID. In addition, some commonly used teaching programs do not always promote interaction and learning for pupils. Discussion/conclusion: The teaching profession is in need of scientific guidance, in order to create evidence-based teaching practice for pupils with ID, which should be a focus of future studies.
The Importance of the Makuleke Wetlands Ramsar Site as an Important Breeding Locality for Yellow-billed Stork Mycteria ibis
Authors:   Digital Earth, McKenzie Duncan
Published: December 2022

The Yellow-billed Stork Mycteria ibis is considered an Endangered Species in South Africa, with only one regular breeding locality present, situated at the Nsumo Pan in the iSimangaliso Park (Mkhuze section) in the KwaZulu-Natal Province. During the 2017 and 2021 seasons, two separate breeding colonies of this stork were studied within the Makuleke Wetlands Ramsar Site (Site No. 1687), within the Greater Kruger National Park, which appears to be unrecorded as a breeding locality for this species. The total number of immatures counted in Makuleke in May 2017 was 55, with 181 counted in July 2021. This highlights the importance of the Makuleke Wetlands Ramsar Site as a breeding locality of this species within South Africa, even if it is infrequent.
Comparative Analysis of Radio-Absorbing Coatings
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Kakorina Olesya , Kakorin Igor ,   Volgograd State University, Panchenko Alexandra ,   Volgograd State University
Published: December 2022

The development of information technologies necessitates the solution of various problems of information security. Physical means of protecting information processed by computer objects include radio-absorbing materials. They prevent the interception of information on electromagnetic radiation and interference in power supply and grounding lines. The general requirements for radar absorbent coatings are: a high level of attenuation of the reflected signal, a wide frequency range of operation and the cost-effectiveness of the structure during its manufacture and operation. The ability of a material to absorb high-frequency radiation depends on its composition and structure. The materials are quite diverse in their design and structure, and yet there are averaged performance indicators for the most established RPM groups. However, not every material can maintain performance under harsh external application conditions. The paper develops criteria for comparing the following radio-absorbing coatings: conductive paint (Shielding coating) with water-based silver Water Based Silver Conductive Coating MG Chemicals 842WB Super Shield™; Water Based Silver Coated Copper Conductive Coating MG Chemicals 843WB Super Shield™; Water Based Nickel Conductive Coating MG Chemicals 841WB Super Shield™. Their properties and advantages were investigated, and their comparative analysis was carried out on the basis of the selected criteria.
About Metal Research in the Production of Automatic Technical Expertise
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Kislova Tatiana , Smirnov Konstantin ,   Volgograd State University
Published: December 2022

Quite often, traffic accidents occur due to a sudden failure of the steering, undercarriage or brake system of a car associated with the technical condition of vehicles. In this case, various parts of vehicles (steering, springs, wheels, couplers and braking system, etc.) are destroyed. However, destruction of these parts can also occur as a result of traffic accidents, for example, in a collision or rollover. Therefore, in cases of road accidents, an auto-technical examination is appointed. It is important for making an informed and objective decision on the case to clarify the reasons for the destruction of parts that affect the safety of the vehicle, and the establishment of the time for the occurrence of these malfunctions. Conducting a metallographic expertise, which in most cases is auxiliary, can significantly help the investigation and the court, when solving these issues. Its conclusions are supplemented and specified by the conclusions of another examination, for example, auto-technical. The paper outlines the scheme and stages of research of products made of metals and alloys performed by experts in the production of automotive expertise to establish a causal relationship between the technical condition of the vehicle and the mechanism of traffic accidents.
Development of countries under sanctions: Iran and Russia
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sukharev Oleg S. , Voronchikhina Ekaterina N. ,   Perm State University, Perm, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

Relevance. The modern world economy is going through a period of ‘sanctions wars’ between countries waged openly or covertly through international institutions, with Russia and Iran serving as vivid examples of the first and second cases, respectively. In this connection, it is increasingly useful to analyze the economic development of countries under sanctions in order to gain new insights into how countries function in this changing reality. Research objective. The study aims to comparatively examine the macroeconomic development of Iran and Russia during the sanctions period through a comparative and statistical dynamics analysis of the main macro indicators, including the growth rate and value of base-period GDP, consumption expenditures, gross capital formation, export, import, etc. In theoretical terms, the description of sanctions as an instrument for harming economic development is chosen as a secondary aim in this work. Data and methods. The study is based on the methodology of international comparisons and an analysis of statistical data that can be used to assess the impact of various sanctions on economic development. Results. The uncertain impact of sanctions on economic development is confirmed. The analysis of empirical data collected over a twenty-year period, reveals no clear connection between the dynamics of indicators and the imposition of sanctions (both for Iran and Russia), which is confirmed by an empirical analysis of available time series. Although in some industrial areas, difficulties were observed. In addition, with the imposition of more stringent sanctions in 2012, the Iranian economy experienced a significant decline, followed by its recovery during the adaptation period. Conclusions. A counter-sanctions policy requires the integrative cooperation of targeted countries, which opens up new frontiers of collaboration between Iran and Russia. New forms of international labor division should be created to eliminate the possibility of some countries using sanctions as an instrument against others.
Sanctions and scenarios of economic development of the Russian Arctic territories (the case of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District)
Authors:   Institute of Economics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Zakharchuk Ekaterina A.
Published: December 2022

Relevance. The sanctions against Russia in 2022 affected almost all areas of the country’s economic activity. The sanctions may have varying effects on different territories of Russia. Mono-sectoral regions specializing in the production of primary raw materials are faced with the highest uncertainty. Research objective. The main purpose of the study is to develop and describe scenarios for the economic development of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District under the pressure of sanctions. As part of this task, the impact of restrictions on the development of municipalities in Yamal is assessed, with a special focus on the areas with new hydrocarbon deposits in the Arctic zone. Data and methods. The study relies on the scenario method and the System of National Accounts to calculate the key indicators of economic development, which are defined as aggregated parameters (gross regional product, investment, tax revenues of the consolidated budget, and employment). Results. The impact of sanctions on the development of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District is considered through the three scenarios: inertial, negative, and catastrophic. Under the inertial scenario, the key indicators will not change, and the pace of economic development will decrease. Under the negative scenario, investment projects will be put on hold and a limited deterioration in economic indicators will be observed. Under the worst-case scenario, there will be a serious drop in the key indicators, especially investment and employment. Conclusions. The imposed sanctions prohibiting the supply of high-tech equipment and limiting the supply of natural gas and oil to world markets will not be destructive for Yamal even in the catastrophic scenario. However, these restrictions will seriously limit economic development, gradually worsening the prospects for the development of the Arctic territories and the region’s ability to maintain the current standards of living.
Abandono de psicoterapia psicanalítica por adolescentes: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Essarts Gabryellen Fraga Des , Brenner Eduardo , Ffner Gabriela , Ramires Vera Regina Röhnelt
Published: December 2022

Resumo Fenômeno frequente, embora pouco estudado, o abandono da psicoterapia por parte de adolescentes é preocupante, visto que uma expressiva parcela deles possui problemas de saúde mental. Nesse sentido, esta revisão narrativa tem como objetivo compreender por que os jovens abandonam a psicoterapia psicanalítica. Características dos adolescentes têm sido relacionadas ao abandono, como idade e gênero, e variáveis clínicas, como comportamento antissocial e delinquente, embora ainda não haja consenso. Atributos do processo terapêutico, como a qualidade da aliança terapêutica e variáveis do terapeuta, também estão associadas à manutenção ou não da psicoterapia. Concluiu-se que a literatura progrediu no entendimento dos motivos que levam os adolescentes a interromperem os tratamentos psicanalíticos, com ênfase para fatores clínicos e aspectos do processo terapêutico. No entanto, mais estudos são necessários para o avanço na compreensão e prevenção do fenômeno.
Processos de transição com ingresso de bebês na educação infantil: revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Dentz Marisa von , Castro Cíntia Regina Czysz de , Neder Kaira , Amorim Kátia de Souza
Published: December 2022

Resumo Como consequência do complexo, multifacetado e contraditório processo de aquisição de direitos das mulheres trabalhadoras e das crianças, tem havido grande aumento de frequência de bebês em instituições de educação infantil. Interrogou-se, assim, como a literatura discute a transição de cuidados/educação mais centrados em contextos domiciliares para os compartilhados com a instituição. Esta revisão bibliográfica sistemática utilizou termos transição, adaptação, bebês e creche em cinco línguas e em seis bases de dados. Os resultados indicam crescimento da temática nas duas últimas décadas, com maior produção no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos. Atentando-se à complexidade do processo, autores focalizam processos e ações antes e após o ingresso nas instituições, além de mudanças de longo tempo. Discutem-se questões teóricas, relação família-instituição, papel do professor e estratégias de acolhimento.