bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors and models of interpersonal interaction of participants in long-term Ukrainian Antarctic Expeditions
Authors: Bakhmutova L.
Published: January 2020

The article presents the methodology, statistical analysis and original results of an empirical psychological study of the significant factors of interpersonal interaction of winterers Ukrainian Antarctic Akademik Vernadsky station. The study covers three areas of interpersonal interaction which are strongly interconnected: professional, daily, and leisure. Winterers performed their professional duties and solved daily and leisure problems inside small groups with isolation from the external world.

As a result, over four years of observation we have identified the factors and modeled the optimization of interpersonal interaction of peoples in each area. These models can be applied in developing preventive approaches such as psychological training and support the peoples during the log-term expedition.  It will allow to optimize the interpersonal interaction of team members in the extreme conditions of Antarctic winter, increase the effectiveness of their professional activities, reduce the influence of extreme factors of environmental and social environment and creating conditions for optimal social adaptation in a small group.
The Role of Smooth Muscle Cells in Vessel Wall Pathophysiology and Reconstruction Using Bioactive Synthetic Polymers
Authors: PAŘÍZEK M. , NOVOTNÁ K. , BAČÁKOVÁ L.
Published: January 2020

This review summarizes recent trends in the construction of bioartificial vascular replacements, i.e. hybrid grafts containing synthetic polymeric scaffolds and cells. In these advanced replacements, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) should be considered as a physiological component, although it is known that activation of the migration and proliferation of VSMC plays an important role in the onset and development of vascular diseases, and also in restenosis of currently used vascular grafts. Therefore, in novel bioartificial vascular grafts, VSMCs should be kept in quiescent mature contractile phenotype. This can be achieved by (1) appropriate physical and chemical properties of the material, such as its chemical composition, polarity, wettability, surface roughness and topography, electrical charge and conductivity, functionalization with biomolecules and mechanical properties, (2) appropriate cell culture conditions, such as composition of cell culture media and dynamic load, namely cyclic strain, and (3) the presence of a confluent, mature, semipermeable, non-thrombogenic and non-immunogenic endothelial cell (EC) barrier, covering the luminal surface of the graft and separating the VSMCs from the blood. Both VSMCs and ECs can also be differentiated from stem and progenitor cells of various sources. In the case of degradable scaffolds, the material will gradually be removed by the cells and will be replaced by their own new extracellular matrix. Thus, the material component in advanced blood vessel substitutes acts as a temporary scaffold that promotes regeneration of the damaged vascular tissue.
Differential Oxidative Stress Responses to D-Galactosamine-Lipopolysaccharide Hepatotoxicity Based on Real Time PCR Analysis of Selected Oxidant/Antioxidant and Apoptotic Gene Expressions in Rat
Authors: LEKIĆ N. , ČERNÝ D. , HOŘÍNEK A. , PROVAZNÍK Z. , MARTÍNEK J. , FARGHALI H.
Published: January 2020

Oxidative stress and apoptosis are proposed mechanisms of cellular injury in studies of xenobiotic hepatotoxicity. This study is focused on addressing the mutual relationship and early signals of these mechanisms in the D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide (D-GalN/LPS) hepatotoxicity model, with the help of standard liver function and biochemistry tests, histology, and measurement of gene expression by RT-PCR. Intraperitoneal injection of 400 mg/kg D-GalN and 50 μg/kg LPS was able to induce hepatotoxicity in rats, as evidenced by significant increases in liver enzymes (ALT, AST) and raised bilirubin levels in plasma. Heme oxygenase-1 and nitric oxide synthase-2 gene expressions were significantly increased, along with levels of their products, bilirubin and nitrite. The gene expression of glutathione peroxidase 1 remained unchanged, whereas a decrease in superoxide dismutase 1 gene expression was noted. Furthermore, the significant increase in the gene expression of apoptotic genes Bid, Bax and caspase-3 indicate early activation of apoptotic pathways, which was confirmed by histological evaluation. In contrast, the measured caspase-3 activity remained unchanged. Overall, the results have revealed differential oxidative stress and apoptotic responses, which deserves further investigations in this hepatotoxicity model.
Altered Neural and Vascular Mechanisms in Hypertension
Authors: PINTÉROVÁ M. , KUNEŠ J. , ZICHA J.
Published: January 2020

Essential hypertension is a multifactorial disorder which belongs to the main risk factors responsible for renal and cardiovascular complications. This review is focused on the experimental research of neural and vascular mechanisms involved in the high blood pressure control. The attention is paid to the abnormalities in the regulation of sympathetic nervous system activity and adrenoceptor alterations as well as the changes of membrane and intracellular processes in the vascular smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats. These abnormalities lead to increased vascular tone arising from altered regulation of calcium influx through L-VDCC channels, which has a crucial role for excitation-contraction coupling, as well as for so-called “calcium sensitization” mediated by the RhoA/Rho-kinase pathway. Regulation of both pathways is dependent on the complex interplay of various vasodilator and vasoconstrictor stimuli. Two major antagonistic players in the regulation of blood pressure, i.e. sympathetic nervous system (by stimulation of adrenoceptors coupled to stimulatory and inhibitory G proteins) and nitric oxide (by cGMP signaling pathway), elicit their actions via the control of calcium influx through L-VDCC. However, L-type calcium current can also be regulated by the changes in membrane potential elicited by the activation of potassium channels, the impaired function of which was detected in hypertensive animals. The dominant role of enhanced calcium influx in the pathogenesis of high blood pressure of genetically hypertensive animals is confirmed not only by therapeutic efficacy of calcium antagonists but especially by the absence of hypertension in animals in which L-type calcium current was diminished by pertussis toxin-induced inactivation of inhibitory G proteins. Although there is considerable information on the complex neural and vascular alterations in rats with established hypertension, the detailed description of their appearance during the induction of hypertension is still missing.
Penerapan Algoritma AES pada Dokumen Penting Yang Disisipkan Dalam Citra Berbasis Algoritma LSB Dan Sobel
Authors: Setyaningrum Yunita Dwi , Wijanarto Wijanarto , Rohmani Asih
Published: January 2020

Kemajuan teknologi berimbas pada kegiatan sehari-hari, misalnya sekarang ini masyarakat mudah mengirim dan menerima dokumen melalui e-mail tanpa terbatas oleh waktu dan jarak. Perkembangan teknologi ini juga berimbas pada peningkatan dampak negatif yang merugikan, seperti munculnya cybercrime, pishing, trojan, hackers. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengamanan data pada dokumen penting yang tersimpan di server maupunÂ  sistem lain yang terdapat di PT Nasmoco Majapahit sebagai obyek penelitian. Metode yang dipakai adalah dengan menerapkan teknik kriptografi Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) pada dokumen yang akan disisipkan dalam citra dengan algoritma Least Significant Bit (LSB) dengan deteksi tepi Sobel. Teknik ini diharapkan mampu merahasiakan atau mengamankan dokumen penting milik perusahaan yang disisipkan dalam gambar, sedemikian sehingga gambar asli denganÂ  gambar yang telah disisipi oleh dokumen penting tersebut menjadi sulit dibedakan oleh mata normal manusia pada umumnya. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa algoritma AES dapat melakukan proses enkripsi dengan cukup cepat, yaitu rata-rata durasi sebesar 37,0976 detik. Pada deteksi tepi dalam proses penyisipan pesan bergantung pada objek dalam citra bukan hanya ukuran piksel saja semakin objek rumit maka semakin banyak koordinat yang digunakan untuk menyisipkan teks. Dan hasil kualitas citra stego setelah dilakukan pengujian menggunakan PSNR dan MSE hasil rata-ratanya juga cukup tinggi yaitu MSE sebesar 0,0425 dan PSNR sebesar 62,9392.Â Kata kunci: kriptografi, dokumen, steganografi, citra
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF JIGSAW UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS Dl SD AIni Indriasih UPBJJ-UT Semarang Jalan. Kelud Utara III, Semarang
Authors: Indriasih Aini
Published: January 2020

This study aims to idenfify the effectiveness of cooperative leaming of Jigsaw and STAD models at elementary school students. Specifically this study aims to (i) identify the learning activities of students in Jigsaw and STAD model, and (ii) identify the effect of cooperative learning on student outcomes, and (iii) identify the effects of cooperative leaming on social skills on elementary school students. Subjects are fourth grade elementary school student of SD Sambungan 01 and 02 in Sub District of Undaan in Kudus Regency, was randomly selected through cluster sampling technique includes two experimental groups. lt consists of 20 students for STAD model and 21 students for Jigsaw model. Collecting the data in the form of student leaming outcomes conducted during the 2009.1 academic year through tests and non test. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and testing requirements through the normality test and homogeneity of variance. Data processing activities and skills gained through observation and then be processed through descriptive analysis. Research results revealed that the implementation of cooperative learning model of Jigsaw and STAD model was capable to improve student learning activities. While the use of both models show that students only skillful in capturing the concept. The value of the influence of process skills with Jigsaw model is 59.6%, and with the STAD model is 55.5%). Average yield study showed significant differences that Jigsaw model is better than STAD model. This means that the Jigsaw model is more able to improve student leaming activity compared with STAD model. It is concluded that the Jigzaw model is better than STAD model. Teachers are advised to apply Jigsaw method of cooperafive learning model as an altemative to teaching in the classroom.
PENERAPAN MODEL TUTORIAL PAT UT-II DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS NARASI PROGRAM S1 PGSD UPBJJ-UT MAKASSAR
Authors: Patmawati
Published: January 2020

The research aimed to identify the effect of applying PAU-UT model on narrative writing skills tutorial session among students of S1 PGSD programme. Through experimental methods, this study involved two group of samples: Group 1 was treated using the PAT-UT 1 model, and Group 2 was treated using PAT-UT 2 model. Data were gathered through questionnaires and tests of narrative/text writing ability and then were analyzed using descriptive statistical tests and t-test. The results on text writing skills using PAT-UT 2 model showed better results compared to PAT-UT 1 model. Result of t-test showed that groups treated with PAT-UT 2 model provides higher learning outcomes than groups treated with PAT-UT 1 model (t.s.0.90 = 1,32). Concluded that the implementation of PAT-UT 2 on narrative writing skills can improve learning activity and learning outcome of students of S-1 PGSD programme.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS MELALUI APLIKASI MODEL BELAJAR MIND MAPPING
Authors: Sumarno Sumarno
Published: January 2020

The scope of learning material for social sciences (IPS) at Elementary School is very wide, while the time available is very limited. This has been an obstacle for elementary school teachers in achieving the learning objectives. This study aimed to determine whether the application of Mind Mapping learning model on the activities of students learning and the mastery of students learning of IPS. This action research was conducted with three cycles involving 30 students of the fifth grade of elementary school in Kabupaten Kudus. The findings were analyzed using the descriptive qualitative study. The data were collected by using a questionnaires, observation sheets, pretest, and posttest. The results showed that the Learning Model of Mind Mapping can improve the students activity. This indicated an increase in the average score of the class activity to 48.2% in the first cycle, to 56.1% in the second cycle, and to 62.2% in cycle III. The average of the student learning outcomes for IPS also increased from 64 in the first cycle, to 67 in the second cycle, and to 75 in cycles III.

 

Materi IPS di Sekolah Dasar memiliki cakupan materi yang sangat luas, sedangkan waktu yang tersedia sangat terbatas. Hal ini menjadi kendala bagi guru-guru Sekolah Dasar dalam mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah dengan penerapan model pembelajaran Mind Mapping dapat meningkatkan aktifitas siswa dalam belajar. Penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri atas 3 siklus dan sampelnya adalah siswa kelas V SD Kabupaten Kudus yang berjumlah 30 siswa. Hasil penelitian dianalisa secara deskriptif kualitatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara menggunakan angket, lembar observasi, pre-tes dan posttes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Model Pembelajaran Mind Mapping dapat meningkatkan aktifitas siswa. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya peningkatan skor rata-rata aktifitas kelas yaitu dari 48,2% pada siklus I, 56,1% pada siklus II, dan 62,2% pada siklus yang ke III. Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa untuk mata pelajaran IPS juga meningkat dari 64 pada siklus I, menjadi 67 pada siklus II, dan 75 pada siklus ke III.
Visual Outcome after Oral versus Intravenous Methylpredisolone Therapy for Bilateral Optic Neuritis in Adults
Authors: Lassie Naima , Hartono Hartono
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroduction: Bilateral optic neuritis in adults is rarer then unilateral optic neuritis. The purpose of this study was to know the clinical profile and to know the visual outcome of bilateral optic neuritis in adult patients after oral versus intravenous methylprednisolone therapy.Methods: A retrospective review of patients with bilateral optic neuritis referred to dr.Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta from 2011-2014. The data consisted of bilateral optic neuritis, unassociated with other pathologic processes. There are two groups of patients: Group A taking oral methylprednisolone 1mg/kgBB and Group B received intravenous methylprednisolone (as ONTT guideline). Visual acuity, visual field with Goldmann Perimetry, RAPD (Relative Afferent Puppilary Defect), Ishihara test and direct ophthalmoscopy evaluation were recorded and analysed in both group at baseline, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months follow up. Results: Nineteen women and 9 men, with age range of 18-54 years old, had bilateral optic neuritis. The majority of the patients suffered from retrobulbar neuritis (43%), papilitis (39%) and neuroretinitis (18%). The average visual acuity before treatment in Group A was 0.22 ± 0.29 and in Group B had poorer average visual acuity 0.03±0.04 (p>0.05). But the trend of visual recovery in Group B with visual acuity at baseline worsen, the recovery of visual acuity was faster and better at one week. After one month the visual acuity was comparable in both groups (p>0.05).Conclusions: Visual improvement in early period of adult bilateral optic neuritis was similar after oral and intravenous methylprednisolone therapy.Keywords: Bilateral optic neuritis, methylprednisolone therapy, visual outcome
Resultados de un Tratamiento Grupal en pacientes diagnosticados de Esquizofrenia Paranoide sobre la Calidad de Vida y el Estado Sintomático
Authors: Gómez Hinojosa Antonia Maria
Published: January 2020

Introducción: Pero la actual ampliación de dichos objetivos terapéuticos en el tratamiento de la esquizofrenia añade la evaluación de la calidad de vida como indicador de resultados en la actuación terapéutica. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de una intervención psicosocial grupal sobre la calidad de vida subjetiva, el estado sintomático y el número y duración de las recaídas en personas diagnosticadas de esquizofrenia paranoide.Metodología: Se seleccionaron 30 pacientes con esquizofrenia paranoide (criterios DSM-IV) de un centro de salud mental del maresme. De estos, se seleccionaron al azar 15 participantes que se asignaron al grupo tratamiento y 15 al grupo control. Se administraron dos instrumentos de evaluación: el Cuestionario Sevilla de Calidad de Vida (CSCV) (Giner et al., 1995) y la Escala de Síntomas Positivo y Negativo (PANSS) (Peralta y Cuesta, 1994), antes del inicio del tratamiento grupal, a los 12 meses y a los 24 meses del inicio del mismo.Resultados: El grupo tratamiento mejoró significativamente en la calidad de vida, el estado sintomático y en el número y duración de las recaídas al cabo de los 12 meses del inicio de la intervención. Dicha mejora se mantuvo al cabo de los 24 meses del inicio del tratamiento. En la comparación con el grupo control la significación estadística de mejora no fue tan evidente.
Tratamiento del duelo en Salud Mental: Una experiencia grupal
Authors: García Cuenca Isabel María , Carbajo Álvarez Eva
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN: Debido a diferentes cambios sociales, los servicios de Atención Primaria y Salud Mental son espacios en los que el paciente busca atención y alivio al dolor del duelo que no encuentra en su red social.MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se realizó un grupo de apoyo al duelo de 12 sesiones con frecuencia quincenal basado en los postulados de Worden (2010) en una Unidad de Salud Mental. Los participantes fueron cinco mujeres derivadas de los Servicios de Atención Primaria y Salud Mental que conformaron un grupo heterogéneo en cuanto a gravedad, tipo y cronología de la pérdida. Se les evaluó antes y después del tratamiento mediante escalas psicométricas: Entrevista Diagnóstica de Duelo Complicado (Prigerson y Jacobs, 2001), la Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad Depresión (HAD) (Zigmond y Snaith, 1983) y la Escala de Sueño (MOS) (Hays y Stewart, 1996; Hays, Martin, Sesti, Spritzer, 2005) y con una encuesta de satisfacción y valoración de los resultados.RESULTADOS: No hubo resultados significativos en las escalas psicométricas y sí altas puntuaciones en satisfacción y valoración. Se concluye que las pacientes perciben un alivio en su sufrimiento que parece estar relacionado con el desahogo emocional más que con la realización de cambios o la resolución de tareas del duelo. Se describen pacientes e intervenciones realizadas así como las limitaciones observadas.
The Potential of a Nanostructured Titanium Oxide Layer with Self-Assembled Monolayers for Biomedical Applications: Surface Properties and Biomechanical Behaviors
Authors: Lan Wen-Chien , Huang Ta-Sen , Cho Yung-Chieh , Huang Yueh-Tzu , Walinski Christopher J. , Chiang Pao-Chang , Rusilin Muhammad , Pai Fang-Tzu , Huang Chien-Chia , Huang Mao-Suan
Published: January 2020

This study investigated the surface properties and biomechanical behaviors of a nanostructured titanium oxide (TiO) layer with different self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of phosphonate on the surface of microscope slides. The surface properties of SAMs were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and contact angle goniometry. Biomechanical behaviors were evaluated using nanoindentation with a diamond Berkovich indenter. Analytical results indicated that the homogenous nanostructured TiO surface was formed on the substrate surface after the plasma oxidation treatment. As the TiO surface was immersed with 11-phosphonoundecanoic acid solution (PUA-SAM/TiO), the formation of a uniform SAM can be observed on the sample surface. Moreover, the binding energy of O 1s demonstrated the presence of the bisphosphonate monolayer on the SAMs-coated samples. It was also found that the PUA-SAM/TiO sample not only possessed a higher wettability performance, but also exhibited low surface contact stiffness. A SAM surface with a high wettability and low contact stiffness could potentially promote biocompatibility and prevent the formation of a stress shielding effect. Therefore, the self-assembled technology is a promising approach that can be applied to the surface modification of biomedical implants for facilitating bone healing and osseointegration.
Conditional Adversarial Domain Adaptation Neural Network for Motor Imagery EEG Decoding
Authors: Tang Xingliang , Zhang Xianrui
Published: January 2020

Decoding motor imagery (MI) electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) is a challenging task because of the severe non-stationarity of perceptual decision processes. Recently, deep learning techniques have had great success in EEG decoding because of their prominent ability to learn features from raw EEG signals automatically. However, the challenge that the deep learning method faces is that the shortage of labeled EEG signals and EEGs sampled from other subjects cannot be used directly to train a convolutional neural network (ConvNet) for a target subject. To solve this problem, in this paper, we present a novel conditional domain adaptation neural network (CDAN) framework for MI EEG signal decoding. Specifically, in the CDAN, a densely connected ConvNet is firstly applied to obtain high-level discriminative features from raw EEG time series. Then, a novel conditional domain discriminator is introduced to work as an adversarial with the label classifier to learn commonly shared intra-subjects EEG features. As a result, the CDAN model trained with sufficient EEG signals from other subjects can be used to classify the signals from the target subject efficiently. Competitive experimental results on a public EEG dataset (High Gamma Dataset) against the state-of-the-art methods demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed framework in recognizing MI EEG signals, indicating its effectiveness in automatic perceptual decision decoding.
Low-Cost Image Search System on Off-Line Situation
Authors: Diana Mery , Chikama Juntaro , Amagasaki Motoki , Iida Masahiro
Published: January 2020

Implementation of deep learning in low-cost hardware, such as an edge device, is challenging. Reducing the complexity of the network is one of the solutions to reduce resource usage in the system, which is needed by low-cost system implementation. In this study, we use the general average pooling layer to replace the fully connected layers on the convolutional neural network (CNN) model, used in the previous study, to reduce the number of network properties without decreasing the model performance in developing image classification for image search tasks. We apply the cosine similarity to measure the characteristic similarity between the feature vector of image input and extracting feature vectors from testing images in the database. The result of the cosine similarity calculation will show the image as the result of the searching image task. In the implementation, we use Raspberry Pi 3 as a low-cost hardware and CIFAR-10 dataset for training and testing images. Base on the development and implementation, the accuracy of the model is 68%, and the system generates the result of the image search base on the characteristic similarity of the images.
Environmental Exposures during Puberty: Window of Breast Cancer Risk and Epigenetic Damage
Authors: Natarajan Rama , Aljaber Dana , Au Dawn , Thai Christine , Sanchez Angelica , Nunez Alan , Resto Cristal , Chavez Tanya , Jankowska Marta M. , Benmarhnia Tarik , Yang Jiue-An , Jones Veronica , Tomsic Jerneja , McCune Jeannine S. , Sistrunk Christopher , Doan Stacey , Serrano Mayra , Cardiff Robert D. , Dietze Eric C. , Seewaldt Victoria L.
Published: January 2020

During puberty, a woman’s breasts are vulnerable to environmental damage (“window of vulnerability”). Early exposure to environmental carcinogens, endocrine disruptors, and unhealthy foods (refined sugar, processed fats, food additives) are hypothesized to promote molecular damage that increases breast cancer risk. However, prospective human studies are difficult to perform and effective interventions to prevent these early exposures are lacking. It is difficult to prevent environmental exposures during puberty. Specifically, young women are repeatedly exposed to media messaging that promotes unhealthy foods. Young women living in disadvantaged neighborhoods experience additional challenges including a lack of access to healthy food and exposure to contaminated air, water, and soil. The purpose of this review is to gather information on potential exposures during puberty. In future directions, this information will be used to help elementary/middle-school girls to identify and quantitate environmental exposures and develop cost-effective strategies to reduce exposures.
Religiosity and Mental Health: A Contribution to Understanding the Heterogeneity of Research Findings
Authors: Malinakova Klara , Tavel Peter , Meier Zdenek , van Dijk Jitse P. , Reijneveld Sijmen A.
Published: January 2020

Most studies report positive associations between religiosity and spirituality and aspects of mental health, while a small proportion report mixed or fully negative associations. The aim of this study was to assess the associations of religiosity measured more specifically, with mental health in a secular environment, using a nationally representative sample of Czech adults (n = 1795). We measured religious affiliation, conversion experience, non-religious attitudes and the stability of these attitudes, mental health problems, and anxiety levels. Compared to stable non-religious respondents, unstable non-religious and converted respondents who perceived God as distant were more likely to experience anxiety in close relationships, and had higher risks of worse mental health. Our findings support the idea that the heterogeneity of findings in associations between religiosity/spirituality and mental health could be due to measurement problems and variation in the degree of secularity. A shift towards religiosity could be expected to be seen in a substantial part of non-religious respondents in problematic times.
Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Conceptual Model of the Geothermal Waters in the Xianshuihe Fault Zone, Southwestern China
Authors: Li Xiao , Huang Xun , Liao Xin , Zhang Yunhui
Published: January 2020

Abundant geothermal waters have been reported in the Yalabamei, Zhonggu, Erdaoqiao, and Yulingong geothermal areas of the Xianshuihe Fault Zone of western Sichuan, southwestern China. This study focused on the hydrogeochemical evolution, reservoir temperature, and recharge origin of geothermal waters using hydrochemical and deuterium-oxygen (D-O) isotopic studies. Shallow geothermal waters represented by geothermal springs and shallow drilled water wells are divided into two hydrochemical groups: (1) the Ca–Na–HCO3 type in the Erdaoqiao area, and (2) Na–HCO3 in other areas. Deep geothermal waters represented by deep drilled wells are characterized by the Na–Cl–HCO3 type. The major ionic compositions of geothermal water are primarily determined by the water–rock interaction with silicate and carbonate minerals. The reservoir temperatures estimated by multi-geothermometries have a range of 63–150 °C for shallow geothermal water and of 190–210 °C for deep geothermal water, respectively. The δ18O and δD compositions indicated geothermal waters are recharged by meteoric water from the elevation of 2923–5162 m. Based on the aforementioned analyses above, a conceptual model was constructed for the geothermal system in the Xianshuihe fault zone.
Reply to Comment on Lecca, L.I.; Portoghese, I.; Mucci, N.; Galletta, M.; Meloni, F.; Pilia, I.; Marcias, G.; Fabbri, D.; Fostinelli, J.; Lucchini, R.G.; Cocco, P.; Campagna, M. Association between Work-Related Stress and QT Prolongation in Male Workers
Authors: Lecca Luigi Isaia , Portoghese Igor , Mucci Nicola , Galletta Maura , Meloni Federico , Pilia Ilaria , Marcias Gabriele , Fabbri Daniele , Fostinelli Jacopo , Lucchini Roberto G. , Cocco Pierluigi , Campagna Marcello
Published: January 2020

We appreciate the interest raised by our paper on the association between conditions linked to work-related stress and the prolongation of the QT interval on the electrocardiogram [...]
Surgical Smoke—Hazard Perceptions and Protective Measures in German Operating Rooms
Authors: Michaelis Martina , Hofmann Felix Martin , Nienhaus Albert , Eickmann Udo
Published: January 2020

(1) Background: Hazardous substances in surgical smoke that is generated during laser or electrosurgery pose a potential health hazard. In Germany, the Technical Rules for Hazardous Substances (TRGS 525) have included recommendations for appropriate protective measures since 2014. Up to now, no empirical data has been available on the extent to which recommendations have been implemented in practice. (2) Methods: In 2018, 7089 surgeons in hospitals and outpatient practices were invited by email to participate in an online survey. In addition, 219 technical assistants were interviewed. The questionnaire dealt with knowledge of, and attitudes toward, the hazard potential of surgical smoke, as well as the availability and actual use of protective measures. Furthermore, manufacturers and distributors of smoke extraction devices were asked to give their assessment of the development of prevention in recent years. (3) Results: The survey response rate was 5% (surgeons) and 65% (technical assistant staff). Half of all surgeons assumed that there were high health hazards of surgical smoke without taking protective measures. Operating room nurses were more often concerned (88%). Only a few felt properly informed about the topic. The TRGS recommendations had been read by a minority of the respondents. In total, 52% of hospital respondents and 65% of the respondents in outpatient facilities reported any type of special suction system to capture surgical smoke. One-fifth of respondents from hospitals reported that technical measures had improved since the introduction of the TRGS 525. Fifty-one percent of the surgeons in hospitals and 70% of the surgeons in outpatient facilities “mostly” or “always” paid attention to avoiding surgical smoke. The most important reason for non-compliance with recommendations was a lack of problem awareness or thoughtlessness. Twelve industrial interviewees who assessed the situation and the development of prevention in practice largely confirmed the prevention gaps observed; only slight developments were observed in recent years. (4) Conclusions: The low response rate among surgeons and the survey results both indicate a major lack of interest and knowledge. Among other measures, team interventions with advanced training are needed in the future.
Technical Blossom in Medical Care: The Influence of Big Data Platform on Medical Innovation
Authors: Liu Bai , Guo Shuyan , Ding Bin
Published: January 2020

Medical innovation has consistently been an essential subject and a source of support for public health research. Furthermore, improving the level of medical research and development is of great concern in this field. This paper highlights the role of big data in public medical innovation. Based on a sample of China’s listed firms in the medical industry from 2013 to 2018, this paper explores the exogenous shock effect of China’s big data medical policy. Results show that the construction of the medical big data platform effectively promotes innovation investment and the innovation patent of medical firms. In addition, the heterogeneity of this promoting effect is reflected in firm size through the overcoming of different innovation bottlenecks. The research conclusions support the positive significance of the macro-led implementation of the medical big data platform, and suggest that the positive economic externalities generated by this policy are critical to public health.
Labor Costs, Market Environment and Green Technological Innovation: Evidence from High-Pollution Firms
Authors: Gong Rui , Wu Yong-Qiu , Chen Feng-Wen , Yan Tai-Hua
Published: January 2020

Emerging economies face the challenge of increasing labor costs but also provide an opportunity to promote environmental governance and green development. Based on the perspectives of impetus and capability, the effects of rising labor costs and market environment on green technological innovation are investigated in this study. The empirical studies used the data of high-pollution firms in China from 2009 to 2018. Results demonstrate that rising labor costs deteriorates high-pollution firm performance, while highly competitive industries are affected more than other industries. Meanwhile, the influence of rising labor costs on green technological innovation has a threshold effect which illustrates an “inversely U-shaped” variation trend with the increase of degree of market monopoly. The labor costs will make biggest impact on the green technological innovation in the moderately concentrated market environment. Basing from these results, this study provides the following suggestions for emerging economies’ green development: Take rising labor cost as an opportunity to advance technological progress to the green direction, establish a sound market competition environment, and develop green finance to reduce the financing constraints of green technological innovation.
Sugarcane Bagasse as an Efficient Biosorbent for Methylene Blue Removal: Kinetics, Isotherms and Thermodynamics
Authors: Andrade Siqueira Thaisa Caroline , Zanette da Silva Isabella , Rubio Andressa Jenifer , Bergamasco Rosângela , Gasparotto Francielli , Aparecida de Souza Paccola Edneia , Ueda Yamaguchi Natália
Published: January 2020

Adsorption in biomass has proven to be a cost-effective option for treatment of wastewater containing dyes and other pollutants, as it is a simple and low cost technique and does not require high initial investments. The present work aimed to study the adsorption of methylene blue dye (MB) using sugarcane bagasse (SCB). The biomass was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adsorption studies were conducted batchwise. Kinetics, adsorption isotherms, and thermodynamics were studied. The results showed that SCB presented a maximum adsorption capacity of 9.41 mg g−1 at 45 °C after 24 h of contact time. Adsorption kinetics data better fitted the pseudo-second order model, indicating a chemical process was involved. The Sips’s three-parameter isotherm model was better for adjusting the data obtained for the adsorption isotherms, indicating a heterogeneous adsorption process. The process showed to be endothermic, spontaneous, and feasible. Therefore, it was concluded that SCB presented as a potential biosorbent material for the treatment of MB-contaminated waters.
Factors Contributing to CO Uptake and Elimination in the Body: A Critical Review
Authors: Pan Ke-Ting , Leonardi Giovanni S. , Croxford Ben
Published: January 2020

Background: Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is an important public health issue around the world. Research indicates that many factors may be related to the rate of CO uptake and elimination in the human body. However, some factors related to CO uptake and elimination are considered controversial. Relatively little attention has been devoted to review and synthesis of factors affecting CO uptake and elimination. Purpose: This paper provides a critical scoping review of the factors and divides them into four aspects, including environmental, demographic, physiological and treatment factors. Methods: We searched the scientific databases for research that has proposed a mathematical equation as a synthesis of quantities related to CO poisoning, CO elimination, CO uptake, CO half-life, CO uptake and elimination and their relationships. After excluding the studies that did not meet the study criteria, there were 39 studies included in the review and the search was completed before 16 December 2019. Results and conclusion: This review discusses most of the factors that impact the rate of CO uptake and elimination. Several factors may be related to CO uptake and elimination, such as CO concentration, the duration of exposure to CO, age, sex, exercise, minute ventilation, alveolar ventilation, total haemoglobin mass and different treatments for CO poisoning. Although some potential factors were not included in the review, the findings are useful by presenting an overview for discussing factors affecting CO uptake and elimination and provide a starting point for further study regarding strategies for CO poisoning and the environmental standard of CO.
The Prognostic Importance of TAPSE in Early and in Stable Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Giovanardi Paolo , Tincani Enrico , Maioli Marco , Tondi Stefano
Published: January 2020

The identification of predictors of major cardiovascular events (MACES) represents a big challenge, especially in early and stable cardiovascular diseases. This prospective study comparatively evaluated the prognostic importance of left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) systolic and diastolic function, pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in a stable patient’s cohort with cardiovascular risk factors. The LV ejection fraction, mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), functional mitral regurgitation (FMR), doppler tissue imaging of mitral and tricuspid annulus with systolic and diastolic peaks estimation, tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV), pulmonary velocity outflow time integral (PVTI), mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) and PVR were estimated at enrollment. During the follow-up, MACES and all-cause mortality were recorded. 369 subjects with or without previous MACES were enrolled. Bivariate analysis revealed LVEF, TAPSE, MPAP, TRV, PVR, LV diastolic function, and FMR were associated with the endpoints. When computing the influence of covariates to the primary endpoint (all-cause mortality and MACES) through Cox analysis, only LV diastolic function and TAPSE entered the final model; for the secondary endpoint (MACES) only TAPSE entered. TAPSE was able to predict MACES and all-cause mortality in early and stable cardiovascular diseases. The use of TAPSE should be implemented.
Unexpected Formation of Oxetanes during the Synthesis of Dodeco-6,7-diuloses
Authors: Bayer Marius , Maichle-Mössmer Cäcilia , Ziegler Thomas
Published: January 2020

During the synthesis of symmetrical dodeco-6,7-diuloses that are potential candidates for inhibition of glycosidases, an unanticipated epoxide-oxetane rearrangement was observed. A bicyclic sugar consisting of a glycal moiety and an anomeric esterified furanose was oxidized under epoxidation conditions (mCPBA/KF). The isolation of the pure epoxide was not possible since a rapid reversible conversion accompanied by the migration of the ester group took place and resulted in the formation of an unusual oxetane-bridged disaccharide scaffold. X-ray diffractometric structure elucidation and the suggested mechanism of the rearrangement are provided.
The Effect of Accelerator Dosage on Fresh Concrete Properties and on Interlayer Strength in Shotcrete 3D Printing
Authors: Dressler Inka , Freund Niklas , Lowke Dirk
Published: January 2020

Recently, the progress in 3D concrete printing has developed enormously. However, for the techniques available, there is still a severe lack of knowledge of the functional interaction of processing technology, concrete rheology and admixture usage. For shotcrete 3D printing technology, we present the effect of accelerator dosages (0%, 2%, 4% and 6%) on fresh concrete properties and on interlayer strength. Therefore, early yield stress development up to 90 min is measured with penetration resistance measurements. Deformation of layers under loading is investigated with digital image correlation and a mechanical testing machine. One point in time (10 min after deposition) is examined to quantify vertical buildability of elements depending on the accelerator dosage. Four different interlayer times (0, 2, 5 and 30 min), which occur for the production of small and large elements as well as due to delay during production, are investigated mechanically as well as quantitatively with computed tomography regarding the formation of cold joints. With increased accelerator dosage, an instantaneous increase in early age yield stress and yield stress evolution was observed. An increase in interlayer time leads to a reduced strength. This is mainly attributed to the observed reduced mechanical interlocking effect of the strands. Finally, a model to describe interlayer quality is presented. In the end, advantages as well as limitations of the findings are discussed.
Effect of the Application of a Dehydrothermal Treatment on the Structure and the Mechanical Properties of Collagen Film
Authors: Chen Xuefei , Zhou Lingling , Xu Huaizhong , Yamamoto Masaki , Shinoda Masaya , Kishimoto Masanori , Tanaka Tomonari , Yamane Hideki
Published: January 2020

Dehydrothermal (DHT) treatment was used to improve the properties of collagen casings because of its non-cytotoxicity. Understanding the effects of DHT treatment on the structure and mechanical properties of collagen films is beneficial to developing satisfying collagen casings. Herein, DHT treatment with various temperatures (85–145 °C) and timescales (1–7 days) were investigated. It was clarified that the chemical crosslinking covalent bond between collagen molecules was formed after the DHT treatment. Crosslinking density increased with increasing DHT treatment temperatures, contributing to the increase of tensile strength up to over three times of that of the untreated collagen film. The increased crosslinking density was also found when increasing the DHT treatment time, and the maximum was obtained in 3 days. Further DHT treatment time did not change the crosslinking density. The damage in the triple helix structure and the self-assembly of collagen molecules were observed from IR and SAXS. The extent of denaturation increased with increasing DHT treatment temperature and time, although the effect of the DHT treatment time on the denaturation was more moderate. When the DHT treatment temperature was as high as 145 °C or the DHT treatment time exceeded 5 days, serious denaturation occurs, leading to the deterioration of mechanical properties.
Study on the Mechanical Properties of Bionic Protection and Self-Recovery Structures
Authors: Guo Xue , Dong Xinju , Yu Zhenglei , Zhang Zhihui , Xie Xinyu , Wang Xiebin , Xin Renlong , Yan Wei
Published: January 2020

A novel protective structure, based on shrimp chela structure and the shape of odontodactylus scyllarus, has been shown to improve impact resistance and energy absorption. A finite element model of NiTi alloy with shape memory was constructed based on the basic principles of structural bionics. The protective structure utilizes NiTi alloy as the matrix, a material with many advantages including excellent compression energy absorption, reusability after unloading, and long life. The mechanical properties of the single-layer model were obtained by static crushing experiments and numerical simulations. Building upon the idea of the monolayer bionic structure design, a two-layer structure is also conceived. Both single-layer and double-layer structures have excellent compression energy absorption and self-recovery capabilities. Compared with the single-layer structure, the double-layer structure showed larger compression deformation and exhibited better energy absorption capacity. These results have important academic and practical significance for improving the impact resistance of protective armor. Our study makes it possible to repair automatic rebounds under the action of pressure load and improves the endurance and material utilization rate of other protective structures.
Alloying and Processing Effects on the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Degradation Behavior of Extruded Magnesium Alloys Containing Calcium, Cerium, or Silver
Authors: Bohlen Jan , Meyer Sebastian , Wiese Björn , Luthringer-Feyerabend Bérengère J. C. , Willumeit-Römer Regine , Letzig Dietmar
Published: January 2020

Magnesium alloys attract attention as degradable implant materials due to their adjustable corrosion properties and biocompatibility. In the last few decades, especially wrought magnesium alloys with enhanced mechanical properties have been developed, with the main aim of increasing ductility and formability. Alloying and processing studies allowed demonstrating the relationship between the processing and the microstructure development for many new magnesium alloys. Based on this experience, magnesium alloy compositions need adjustment to elements improving mechanical properties while being suitable for biomaterial applications. In this work, magnesium alloys from two Mg-Zn series with Ce (ZE) or Ca (ZX) as additional elements and a series of alloys with Ag and Ca (QX) as alloying elements are suggested. The microstructure development was studied after the extrusion of round bars with varied processing parameters and was related to the mechanical properties and the degradation behavior of the alloys. Grain refinement and texture weakening mechanisms could be improved based on the alloy composition for enhancing the mechanical properties. Degradation rates largely depended on the nature of second phase particles rather than on the grain size, but remained suitable for biological applications. Furthermore, all alloy compositions exhibited promising cytocompatibility.
Dietary Supplements: Which Place between Food and Drugs?
Authors: Féart Catherine
Published: January 2020

Healthy dietary habits and food choices, a part of lifestyle, are recognized as major environmental factors for the prevention of non-communicable chronic diseases over the life course; their modifiable features promise a reduced socio-economic global burden load in aging societies [...]