bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The paradigm wars rage: the need for an integrated approach for the future of higher education
Authors: Dollinger Mollie
Published: October 2023

Are higher education researchers at war – with each other? In this invited article, I introduce a keynote manuscript, which I presented at the Higher Education Research and Development Society of Australasia’s (HERDSA) 2023 conference. Through it, I argue that despite over 30 years of a wealth of qualitative and mixed methods data arising in the field of higher education, quantitative data continues to play an outsized role in university decision-making. This speaks to a hierarchy of epistemologies in our sector, which, ultimately, may limit the sector’s ability to prepare for change or navigate in troubled times. Alternatively, I present an ‘integrated approach’ which would encourage researchers and university decision-makers to equally respect and value the various epistemologies that exist in the study of higher education. Critically, this includes those epistemologies and methodologies that harness the nuanced, complicated data that draws on students’ voices and their lived experiences. I conclude by reflecting on Associate Professor Barbara’s Grant’s concept of “a thousand tiny universities” to consider how each of us, researchers, practitioners, senior leaders, has a role to play in addressing, and correcting, the existing epistemic biases that continue to thwart progress in higher education.
These games we play (in ScholComms)
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: October 2023

Today, I gave a talk at Royal Holloway for the TECHNE consortium of Ph.D. students on open access and scholarly communications. In the second part of the session, as I often do, I opened up into a “blue-skies” game where I ask those present, in groups, to think through what they want from a system of scholarly communications and how they would design it from scratch today if they were freed of practical and social constraints.
Transcript of meeting between Elsevier and the Minister for Higher Education in the UK, Jo Johnson
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: October 2023

I’ve been pursuing a Freedom of Information request against the Department of Business, Innovation and Skills for some time now. BIS have consistently tried to block me from finding out what the Minister for HE, Jo Johnson (hereafter JJ), discussed with Elsevier. (Thank you, “most transparent government ever”.) Today the Information Commissioner ruled at least partly in my favour and BIS have given me the handwritten notes from the meeting.
I have suffered from an episode of cerebral vasculitis and a stroke
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: October 2023

A few weeks ago, at the beginning of March, I was feeling quite unwell with a chest and sinus infection, for which I’d had three courses of antibiotics from my GP. It was pretty unpleasant but compared to what I was about to experience, it now looks trivial.
An old tradition and a new technology: notes on why open access remains hard
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: October 2023

The Budapest Open Access Initiative statement begins: “An old tradition and a new technology have converged to make possible an unprecedented public good”. The old tradition is the practice of scientists and scholars to publish their work without remuneration. The new technologies are the internet and the world wide web. It remains true that it is a conjunction of these elements that can make open access work in academia.
The methodology of literary taxonomy: HARKing and p-hacking
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: October 2023

A central anxiety for literary studies in the era of scientific dominance pertains to the extent to which groupings, taxonomies and classifications are methodologically derived and how far they help us to understand literary production. We all invariably use and create such classifications as terminological shorthands.
Hypothes.is v0.8.14 error: "OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory"
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: October 2023

If you are attempting to build the dev setup for hypothes.is v0.8.14 and are receiving the error “OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory” whenever you request pages on the dev site, you need to install compass. sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1-dev sudo gem install compass Hypothes.is v0.8.14 error: "OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory" was originally published by Martin Paul Eve at Martin Paul Eve on May 11, 2016.
The UK copyright exemption for text and data mining vs. the DMCA and EUCD
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: October 2023

New provisions in UK copyright law look promising for text and data mining. Last year, the government signed into effect an exemption to copyright for the purposes of non-commercial research. This states that: Wonderful! So all those novels that are in copyright can actually be data-mined if we can get a digital copy.
Open access in a time of illness
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: October 2023

I noted, on Twitter, how pleased I was to discover that there was good information available online about my current condition. I want, here though, to offer a few words to the ridiculous arguments that are sometimes brought against open access. Namely, that there isn’t a public for this material because it is specialized in both its wording and its content.
Evolving notes on the political philosophy of David Willetts
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: October 2023

David Willetts is the politician responsible, above all others, in the United Kingdom for the £9,000 student fee level and its associated phenomena (including the privatization in all-but-name of UK universities). Yet he also writes extremely well of the essential unfairness and breaking of the intergenerational contract between the baby boomers and the millennials in which the latter bear a huge burden while the former group prosper.
On ten years of chronic illness
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: October 2023

I’m not one to mope or to seek any special sympathy but this month marks an ambivalent anniversary for me and I promised myself I’d write publicly about it. I want to do so because I know other people who have had a similar experience and someone else might find this blog and find it of interest. Ten years ago I was a very strong and fit young man, whose primary life-interest, to be blunt, was competition bouldering;
Undergraduates, digital humanities, and visualization: looking back on my early visualizations of Gravity's Rainbow
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: October 2023

Today I don’t feel well. In fact, I’ve got some horrible virus that’s confining me mostly to bed, which I hate.
HE Green Paper: response to question 28
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: October 2023

This post is part of an ongoing series where I intend to develop my full  personal  (  not  institutional) response to the HE Green Paper. Comments are welcome to refine this. The Green Paper asks in Question 28: The emergent challenge for the UK’s research data infrastructure is in ensuring twofold that: Monopolies do not emerge that control substantial portions of the UK’s research information management systems.
A world reimagined without the university
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: October 2023

I’m at a workshop in Madrid organized by FORCE11. The first exercise was to imagine a world where universities did not exist, their hierarchies and power were abolished, but we still knew what we know. What would we build? I answered through a series of “undoing” questions: What is HE for? Why do we research? What is “knowledge”? What financial form would have to underpin whatever we build?
Overriding hypothesis's interface the right way
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: October 2023

Hypothes.is is an annotation framework that uses Pyramid to provide interface asset locations. This means that it is possible to override the interface and other components with one’s own assets without simply forking the main hypothes.is repository. However, it’s not actually completely clear how one does this.
Does combining molecules with augmented reality have a future?
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: October 2023

Augmented reality, a superset if you like of virtual reality (VR), has really been hitting the headlines recently. Like 3D TV, its been a long time coming! Since ~1994 or earlier, there have been explorations of how molecular models can be transferred from actual reality to virtual reality using conventional computers (as opposed to highly specialised ones). It was around then that a combination of software (Rasmol) and
VSEPR Theory: A closer look at trifluorothionitrile, NSF3.
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: October 2023

The post on applying VSEPR ("valence shell electron pair repulsion") theory to the geometry of ClF

3

has proved perennially popular. So here is a follow-up on another little molecue, F

3

SN. As the name implies, it is often represented with an S≡N bond. Here I take a look at the conventional analysis. This is as follows: Six valence electrons on the central S atom.
What’s in Mike’s freezer?
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

What’s that in Mike’s freezer? Let’s take it out and have a look. Onto the table out in the garden … Unwrap another layer … Hang on! That looks like … It can’t be, can it? It is! It’s a buzzard! A buzzard with extremely serious claws! And a serious beak as well! Further bulletins down the line, when I get a chance to play with it properly.
L’impression 3D en design: pour une future expérience créative en Tunisie
Authors: Nouri Malek
Published: October 2023

L'architecture est profondément influencée par les nouvelles technologies, constamment mise à l'épreuve des innovations et des tendances en quête d'ancrage et de performance environnementale. Ces avancées technologiques fulgurantes ouvrent la voie à de nouvelles formes de créativité en design d'intérieur. L'impression 3D également connue sous le nom de fabrication additive ouvre la voie à une conception spatiale plus intelligente et plus efficace. La technologie d'impression 3D a déjà connu un succès dans le monde, le manque de connaissance et de sensibilisation à la technologie dans le secteur de la construction, les méthodes de caractérisation des matériaux et les questions de fabrication posent un réel problème aux architectes et aux designers d'intérieur en Tunisie. Les interrogations qui s’imposent concernent la possibilité d’utiliser la technologie dans la conception des espaces intérieurs, la place qu’occupe aujourd’hui l’innovation dans la création de nos espaces et comment penser l’intersection entre design et impression 3D dans la conception de nos espaces de vie? L'objectif de ce travail est d'identifier les enjeux de la conception architecturale créative et durable en Tunisie à travers l'impression 3D en recourant à une approche empirique fondée sur l'étude de cas et l'analyse de projets concrets. L'éducation en matière d'impression 3D nous permettra de réexaminer cette technologie innovante, qui pourrait apporter des solutions aux défis environnementaux et sociaux liés à la construction. Ce changement de paradigme va révolutionner notre façon de concevoir l'espace physique, l'architecture et le bâtiment dans un pays où l'architecture a été influencée par plusieurs civilisations.
O ofício e o campo de atuação em design têxtil: um panorama no Brasil
Authors: Debasa Monika , Regina Garcia Vicentini Cláudia
Published: October 2023

O design têxtil, que no Brasil é frequentemente associado ao design de estampas, compreende um amplo campo de atuação ao longo da cadeia produtiva têxtil-confecção. Este estudo, por sua vez, buscou caracterizar o ofício e enumerar as áreas de especialização em design têxtil no século XXI, a partir das descrições apresentadas em guias de profissão e manuais de carreira, das definições teóricas do design de superfície no que se refere ao têxtil, assim como termos adotados pelo mercado brasileiro, tendo concluído que, conforme a atividade se especializa em determinados elos da cadeia produtiva, novas áreas de atuação surgem e amplia-se a necessidade de sinergia entre os diversos designers participantes desta longa cadeia que contempla desde as fibras têxteis até a confecção do produto final.
DA FORMAÇÃO DEMOCRÁTICA NOS PAÍSES DA AMÉRICA LATINA
Authors: Kawano Patricia , Kawano Renata , Sayar Moises
Published: October 2023

A formação do Estado nacional na América Latina sob o processo de internacionalização do modo de produção capitalista até as políticas militares ditatoriais, analisada sob a transição do autoritarismo para a democracia, demonstra como os avanços do capitalismo repousaram sobre as consistentes violações da institucionalidade e ideologia políticas, no final da década de 1980 e início da década de 1990, quanto ao processo de democratização da América Latina. Assim, identificam-se as limitações da progressão e consolidação da democracia latino-americana, dentro da realidade que assola a extrema desigualdade e fortalecimento da plutocracia na região. Dentro dos objetivos propostos, será abordada a extrema fragilidade das instituições democráticas latino-americanas, no contexto do modo de produção capitalista, caracterizando os desafios e as perspectivas da consolidação democrática da América Latina na ordem global. A análise se dá sobre o ponto de vista marxista sobre a evolução política da democracia minimalista da América Latina, questionando a eficácia democrática, observando ainda, além dos aspectos econômicos, a questão social, cultural e as mudanças que se promovem na região. Este trabalho representa uma expressiva contribuição para compreensão e superação desse problema. A presente pesquisa contribui analisando os paradoxos existentes e propondo novos enfoques para enfrentar seus desafios.
Pilihan tipe co-management konservasi hutan rawa mangrove dalam kasus kehadiran kelompok peduli pesisir
Authors: Tia Septia Wulandari , Fitrianti Wanti
Published: October 2023

Keberhasilan konservasi hutan rawa mangrove di Setapuk Besar belum diketahui apakah lebih terdorong oleh partisipasi anggota kelompok peduli pesisir atau sudah melibatkan bukan anggota. Masalah ini penting dianalisis untuk menentukan pilihan tipe co-manajemen konservasinya, setelah rehabilitasi hutan mangrove dianggap berhasil. Studi ini bertujuan menganalisis implikasi kehadiran kelompok peduli pesisir dan partisipasi komunitas terhadap pilihan tipe co-manajemen konservasi hutan mangrove. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data kuantitatif dikumpulkan melalui wawancara terstruktur terhadap 90 responden, sedangkan alat analisisnya menggunakan metode deskriptif dan uji beda U-Mann Whitney. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pemahaman dan partisipasi anggota kelompok peduli pesisir secara signifikan mempunyai kualifikasi yang lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan bukan anggota, sehingga ini menunjukkan masih tingginya gap yang terjadi. Perbedaan pemahaman dan partisipasi ditunjukkan oleh tingginya kemampuan anggota kelompok dalam menganalisis, menginterpretasikan, memahami kondisi lingkungan, dan juga kepeduliannya terhadap kegiatan konservasi. Keberhasilan konservasi yang masih bertumpu pada partisipasi anggota kelompok perlu terus ditingkatkan dengan memperbaiki kapasitas manajemennya, sehingga tingkat partisipasi bisa semakin luas melibatkan sebagian besar anggota komunitas. Dalam kaitan ini, mempertimbangkan telah berperannya kelompok peduli pesisir namun masih adanya gap pemahaman dan partisipasi, maka pilihan bentuk co-manajemen konservasi yang dianggap cocok adalah tipe kooperatif.
Online community impact to reduce diaper waste in Indonesia (study case at mamaberclodi community)
Authors: Melati Dewi Arum , Na'im Fira Nadlratan
Published: October 2023

Indonesia is listed as the fifth biggest country with the biggest number of populations in the world population review with a population of approximately 275.7 million people. Indonesia also has high fertility rate which signifies a high demand in the market for meeting the production needs of diapers. Disposable diapers are one of the most purchased items by parents in general, yet they are also one of the most environmentally damaging waste products. Despite the fact that reusable diapers exist, consumer demand for disposable diapers is still rising. The prevalence of global issues and discussions regarding pollution and waste generation has received responses from various sectors of society, leading to the formation of movements and communities focused on environmental awareness. Mamaberclodi is an online community based for all mothers who use modern cloth diapers (clodi) for their children and the community pioneer who gives cloth diapers class online and free. In this article, we will explore the impact of Mamaberclodi as online communities on the issue of diapers waste in Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach which uses concurrent embedded design mixed method that combines qualitative and quantitative analysis. The qualitative analysis uses data from literatures review and depth interview, while the quantitative analysis uses Mamaberclodi data from their internal survey.  Qualitative analysis is used to analyze interview data. Quantitative analysis uses statistical descriptive analysis to describe the data. This research provides the data from literature review, interviews from four informants, and Mamaberclodi internal data to conclude how this online community impacted the reduction of diaper waste in Indonesia. This research concludes that online communities, such as Mamaberclodi are needed to reduce the amount of waste generated. However, further research with more data is needed to support this research.
Tinjauan kebijakan penyediaan kawasan hutan untuk pembangunan food estate
Authors: Rahutomo Andreas Budi , Alexander M. Ikbal , Yustika, M Miranda , Nurzirwa Rizaldy Yudhista
Published: October 2023

Permasalahan ketahanan pangan di Indonesia menjadi polemik yang tidak berujung, dari zaman rezim pemerintahan Presiden Soekarno sampai saat ini pemenuhan pangan kepada seluruh masyarakat Indonesia masih mengalami banyak kendala. Indonesia masih membutuhkan bantuan negara lain untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pokok masyarakat dengan cara impor bahan pangan dari negara tetangga, contohnya saja impor beras dari negara Thailand, kedelai, gula, dan juga bawang putih yang diimpor dari negara-negara luar. Indonesia sebagai negara agraris yang seharusnya memiliki tingkat ketahanan pangan yang baik masih jauh dari kata cukup untuk pemenuhan pangan di negara sendiri, hal ini yang mendorong pemerintahan dalam memberlakukan peraturan-peraturan yang diharapkan akan mendorong tingkat pemenuhan pangan. Berbagai macam proyek sudah dilakukan oleh pemerintah untuk menjawab tantangan yang masih terus berlanjut sampai saat ini dari Mega Rice Project di zaman Soeharto sampai dengan pembentukan Merauke Integrated Food and Energy Estate (MIFEE). Tahun 2015, lahan food estate seluas 500.000 hektar di Kalimantan diumumkan. Tahun 2020, isu ketahanan pangan kembali naik ke permukaan akibat pandemi Covid-19. Artikel ini menelusuri kajian wacana food estate yang dilakukan oleh pemerintahan secara historis dan membandingkannya dengan tinjauan kritis atas konsep pangan di Indonesia, implementasi food estate, dan ketahanan pangan dari tinjauan literatur.
Mewujudkan good governance melalui pelayanan publik responsif gender
Authors: Pertiwi
Published: October 2023

Pelayanan publik sebagaimana dalam UU Nomor 25 Tahun 2009 adalah kegiatan atau rangkaian kegiatan dalam rangka pemenuhan kebutuhan pelayanan sesuai dengan peraturan perundangundangan bagi setiap warga negara dan penduduk atas barang, jasa, dan / atau pelayanan administratif yang disediakan oleh penyelenggara pelayanan publik. Berbagai kebijakan yang diluncurkan pemerintah untuk tetap memberikan layanan prima kepada masyarakat terus dilakukan. Metode penelitian penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder, Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi pustakan yaitu data yang diperlukan dikumpulkan dari berbagai publikasi atau dokumen yang relevan yang dapat dijadikan sebagai referensi data. Guna untuk mencegah kegiatan mal administrasi, dilakukan dengan deteksi dini dengan 8 tema antara lain : Komunikasi dan Informatika, Kebencanaan dan Kedaruratan, Perbankan, pertambangan, agraria, energi, ketenagakerjaan, kelompok rentan dan difabel dan tahapan perlakuan pelaksanaan saran kepada penyelenggara pelayanan public. Langkah lain adalah Penjaminan mutu yang meliputi kegiatan layanan pemeriksaan aduan pengawasan pelayanan publik, penjaminan mutu penyelesaian laporan masyarakat, penjaminan mutu pencegahan maladministrasi. Inovasi pelayanan oleh penyelenggara pelayanan publik salah satunya dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi secara (online) menjadi cara penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik tetap dapat berjalan efektif.
Environmental life cycle assessment of conventional and electric vehicles: lessons learned from selected countries
Authors: Idris Muhammad , Koestoer Raldi Hendro
Published: October 2023

Electric vehicle (EV) is an alternative expected to be tail-pipe emission-free and improve public health. Switching conventional or internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) to EVs becomes a potential strategy for realizing urban sustainability. The study aims to review the environmental impact between ICEV and EV in Lithuania, China, Canada, Poland, Czech Republic, Italy, United States, and Australia. Then, the review result is compared to the Indonesia context as lessons learned. A comparative study with a qualitative descriptive method was carried out. The main activities are a literature review. The works of literature were collected, classified, and reviewed to find out significant findings on the environmental impact of ICEV and EV. Assessing the vehicle in all life-cycle (LC) phases is an essential issue. The entire LC of products may significantly impact the environment due to the utilization of raw materials through a process that causes adverse environmental impacts. Therefore, Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is proposed to estimate the environmental effects related to all the LC stages of EVs. Thus, LCA could be a critical tool. Numerous cases in several countries show that EVs were not always more environmentally friendly than ICEVs. The review indicates that EVs and electricity-generating mix scenarios play a significant role in performing LCA due to the performance of an EV is extremely dependent on the energy consumed through its operation phase. Additionally, the results show how significant renewable energy sources (RES) are in the electricity-generating mix that provides different environmental impacts. In the Indonesia context, the environmental impact of EV is predicted to be higher than ICEV due to the electricity generating mix is still lower than 20% in 2023. Optimizing the electricity generating mix scenario by increasing the RES, implementing clean technology power plants, and applying vehicle recycling are excellent strategies to promote sustainable development in the EV industry. However, economic and social aspects shall be considered to get comprehensive results in further research.
Strategi pendampingan industri kreatif menengah kerajiinan baduy berbasis local wisdom: tinjauan model triple helix
Authors: Nasarudin  , Ahyuni Siti
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ekonomi kreatif Provinsi Banten tepatnya di Suku Baduy yang berbasis kearifan lokal di sektor industri kreatif dalam meningkatkan citra dan identitas bangsa. Industri kreatif mampu berkontribusi secara signifikan terhadap PDB di Provinsi Banten, akan tetapi industri kreatif belum mencerminkan produk kreatif yang sesungguhnya. Maka diperlukan pengembangan melalui strategi pendekatan triple helix yang mengkolaborasikan peran Academics, Business, and Government (ABG) dalam mengembangkan kearifan lokal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode wawancara, observasi dan studi literatur dengan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerajinan Suku Baduy memiliki potensi yang besar dalam pengembangan industri kreatif, dinamika sosial yang tinggi menghasilkan tenaga kerja yang inovatif dan kreatif sehingga mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh industri kreatif Suku Baduy dapat diatasi dengan program pendampingan usaha melalui pendekatan triple helix dalam mendukung daya saing di industri kreatif di Provinsi Banten.
Basuki Rahmat Corridor’s sidewalk: an observation
Authors: Mandasari Veronica
Published: October 2023

The Tunjungan area, especially the Jalan Basuki Rahmat corridor, is the object of this study because this corridor is an essential element of accessibility for the trade and service area of Surabaya City.. This study aims to observe the environment of the Basuki Rahmat Street corridor and identify the condition of the existing pedestrian paths. The research questions are as follows: (1) Identifying Basuki Rahmat corridor in general; (2) Analysing sidewalk’s condition along the Basuki rahmat corridor. This research has clear goals because the previous research has yet to elaborate detailed information on the Basuki Rahmat corridor comprehensively. Thus, this study will produce profound observations on how the sidewalk condition is maintained and affects surrounding land use. Observations were made by visiting the study location directly to observe the existing condition of the pedestrian paths in the Jalan Basuki Rahmat Corridor, Surabaya. Observations were carried out in 3 ways, namely (1) field observations related to the existence of facilities, furniture, and the condition of the pedestrian paths, and (2) direct measurements related to the dimensions of the pedestrian paths. From the study, the researcher found that 92,4% of the land uses are covered by commercial areas. Meanwhile, 2084,43 meters (0,2 km) of the pedestrian paths is Sidewalk, and 197 meters (0,01 km) is Arcade. Another important point to note is the social interaction that occurs is due to the existence of a motorcycle community that utilizes pedestrian paths on weekends. Overall, the researcher discovered that Basuki Rahmat Corridor has an enormous potential to be a walkable area if the facilities are improved. The land use environment has already given a lively vibe because of the various activities offered, yet the stakeholders still need to be concerned with the sustainability of the corridor.
PENGARUH RETURN ON EQUITY, CURRENT RATIO, DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO, & EARNING PER SHARE TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PERUSAHAAN TAMBANG SUB SEKTOR TAMBANG BATUBARA YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2016-2020
Authors: Maulina Putri Saraswati Dwinda , Panjaitan Fery , Shinta Lestari Deara
Published: October 2023

This research aims to determine the effect of Return on Equity (ROE), Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), & Earning per Share (EPS) on Share Prices of Mining Companies in the Coal Mining Sub-Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2020 either partially or simultaneously.

      The number of samples used in this study were 8 coal mining sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from a total population of 28 companies. The type of data is secondary data sourced from the company's financial statements and annual reports. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis.

     The results of hypothesis testing in this research indicate that simultaneously Return on Equity (ROE), Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), & Earning per Share (EPS) have no significant effect on stock prices. Partially, Return on Equity (ROE) has an effect on stock prices. Meanwhile, Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), & Earning per Share (EPS) have no effect on stock prices.
Introduktion: Velfærdsstaten i krydspres
Authors: Greve Bent , Rostgaard Tine
Published: October 2023

Er den danske velfærdsstat i en markant krise og med konstante behov for store reformer for forandringer? Det er det centrale spørgsmål, som artiklerne i dette nummer af Økonomi & Politik diskuterer ud fra en række forskellige tilgange og forståelser.
Krise i den danske velfærdsstat?
Authors: Greve Bent
Published: October 2023

Denne artikel bidrager med en oversigt over udviklingen i offentlige udgifter siden årtusindskiftet i den danske velfærdsstat. Fokus rettes mod, om og hvorvidt der har været nedskæringer i den danske velfærdsstat, herunder om der kan ses forskel på udviklingen i indkomstoverførsler og serviceydelser. Artiklen diskuterer, hvad der forstås ved nedskæringer. Selvom der på makroniveau tilsyneladende ikke kan iagttages forandringer eller endog er flere ressourcer til rådighed, kan der på enkelte områder være færre ressourcer til rådighed. Det drøftes også, om og hvorvidt argumenter om flere/færre penge til rådighed er en del af et spil om at tiltrække flere ressourcer. Sådanne politiske spil kan bidrage til uklarhed om, hvordan velfærdsstaten faktisk udvikler sig. Endelig rettes blikket mod, hvordan ønsket om at levere nye ydelser i velfærdsstaten – eksempelvis som følge afdemografiske forandringer og ny teknologi – kan påvirke muligheden for at kunne finansiere eksisterende ydelser.
L’archiviste, un acteur du changement pour l’efficacité de l’administration publique au Bénin1
Authors: Mêgnigbêto Eustache , Kpadonou Abdel Kader B. , Sounnouvou Étienne
Published: October 2023

L’administration publique béninoise est reconnue comme très peu efficace. Les conséquences en sont les pertes de temps, l’absence de base à la prise de décision, les reprises des études ou d’actions antérieures non documentées, l’absence de mémoire historique et institutionnelle, la compromission de l’exécution des projets de développement, etc. L’un des dysfonctionnements est lié à la non-maîtrise de l’information administrative quelle produit pourtant elle-même. Les compétences inadaptées de l’archiviste employé par l’administration constituent l’une des causes de cet état de choses. Cet article présente les nouvelles compétences et responsabilités de l’archiviste par suite d’une révision de l’offre de formation en archivistique à l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi en République du Bénin, compétences qui lui permettent d’être un acteur du changement pour l’efficacité de l’administration publique.
Traditions of honoring the bear in the Yakut "kurum" celebration
Authors: Fedorov Sviatoslav Igorevich , Semenov Anatoly Artemovich
Published: October 2023

This article presents the results of a study of the bear image in the Yakut hunting culture and the Yakut bear holiday "kurum". The aim is to identify the bear holiday among Yakuts. The cult of bear veneration can be traced in many peoples of Siberia, but until later it was believed that Yakuts had no bear holiday, only in the 19th century R. K. Maak recorded a bear holiday among Yakuts and Tungus population in the Vilyuysk district of Yakutia. The bear festival can also be traced among the Tungus population in the Vilyui district, where they lived closely with the local Yakuts and entered into various ties, which most likely caused the Yakuts to adopt some Tungus traditions. The source base of the work is ethnographic materials of researchers of the XIX-XX centuries, as well as previously unpublished field materials collected in Suntarsky district of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The main conclusion of the study is that the Tungus population of the Vilyui district, who had a fairly well-developed bear cult, took an active part in the formation of the bear ritual "kurum" among the Vilyui Yakuts. In the central and northern regions of Yakutia, the "kurum" festival as a bear ritual is not mentioned, in other words, it was not widespread, although the term itself is found in the Yakut lexicon and means a wedding feast.
Maize ZmHSP90 plays a role in acclimation to salt stress
Authors: Yu Xinyan , Zhao Yanxin , Wang Yun , Zou Zhiqing , Li Fenghai
Published: October 2023

Background

Maize is sensitive to salt stress, especially during the germination and seedling stages.

Methods

We conducted germination experiments on 60 maize materials under salt stress, and screened out the most salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive varieties based on germination indicators. Afterwards, transcriptome analysis was performed to screen for key regulators in the plumule and flag leaf at the germination and seedling stages, respectively. Following that, transgenic tobacco was developed to expose the roles and mechanisms of the candidate genes, enabling a deeper investigation of their functions.

Results

Out of the 60 inbred lines of maize, “975-12” exhibits the highest level of salt tolerance, while “GEMS64” displays the lowest. The application of salt stress resulted in a significant increase in the levels of antioxidant enzymes in both “975-12” and “GEMS64”. ABA signal transduction and jasmonic acid pathways were the pathways that mainly affected by salt stress. In addition, a significant finding has been made indicating that when exposed to high levels of salt stress, the expression of ZmHSP90 in ‘975-12’ increased while in ‘GEMS64’ decreased. Furthermore, in tobacco plants overexpressing ZmHSP90, there was an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity associated with salt tolerance. ZmHSP90 enhanced the expression levels of NtSOS1, NtHKT1, and NtNHX1 as compared to those in the salt treatment, causing the maintenance of Na+ and K+ homeostasis, suggesting that high expression of ZmHSP90 was conducive to regulate Na+ transporters to maintain K+/Na+ balanced in tobacco.
¡Disfruto más, pero comprendo menos, las noticias en video 360°! Gratificaciones obtenidas en la investigación del periodismo de realidad virtual
Authors: Hernández-Rodríguez Juan Camilo , García-Perdomo Víctor
Published: October 2023

El metaverso, gracias a tecnologías como la realidad virtual (RV), promete tener un lugar para el periodismo. Su desarrollo, empero, no está claro. Esta investigación experimental pretende ofrecer luces respecto de qué gratificaciones reales podrían conseguir (gratificaciones obtenidas, GO) los usuarios al exponerse a historias informativas en video 360°, experimentadas con gafas Oculus Quest, en comparación con aquellos que lo hacen a un reportaje multimedia en la pantalla de una computadora. El estudio analiza las GO de conocimiento, comprensión, credibilidad, compromiso emocional, empatía y disfrute. La gratificación que reportaron los participantes (estudiantes universitarios) fue la del disfrute y, en coherencia, este contenido virtual les generó mayor satisfacción que la multimedia tradicional. La investigación revela, sin embargo, que las historias periodísticas multimediales con fuerte componente textual siguen arrojando mejores resultados en conocimiento y comprensión del acontecimiento noticioso al compararlas con las tecnologías inmersivas.
Social health insurance development to get universal health coverage in Vietnam: situation, challenges an recommendations
Authors: Hoi Dao Xuan , Thinh Tran Cong , Hung Nguyen Vinh
Published: October 2023

Universal health insurance is currently a risk-sharing solution that aims to provide healthcare coverage for all citizens of Vietnam. However, in the current context, health care costs are increasing, especially the cost of treating diseases. Universal health insurance is increasingly becoming an important support tool that helps to share the financial risks of people and protect their health. Therefore, the article studies the importance of universal health insurance in the social health care system in Vietnam, its direct impacts on patients, and the current situation, challenges, and some recommendations to improve the development of social health insurance towards the goal of universal health coverage in Vietnam.
Utilization and Spending on Mental Health Services Among Children and Youths With Commercial Insurance
Authors: Kalmin Mariah M. , Cantor Jonathan H. , Bravata Dena M. , Ho Pen-Che , Whaley Christopher , McBain Ryan K.
Published: October 2023

This cross-sectional study examines telehealth, in-person, and overall pediatric mental health service utilization and spending rates from January 2019 through August 2022 among a US pediatric population with commercial insurance.
Type 1 Interferon‐Stimulated Gene Expression and Disease Activity in Pediatric Rheumatic Diseases: No Composite Scores Needed?
Authors: Weiden Christina , Saers Melanie , Schwarz Tobias , Hinze Tanja , Wittkowski Helmut , Kessel Christoph , Masjosthusmann Katja , Mohr Michael , Evers Georg , Oesingmann‐Weirich Sandra , Foell Dirk , Hinze Claas H.
Published: October 2023

Objective

Rheumatic diseases are characterized by different patterns of immune overactivation. This study investigated the correlation of whole blood type 1 interferon (IFN) stimulated gene (ISG), IL18, and CXCL9 expression with clinical disease activity in pediatric rheumatic diseases and assessed the required number of ISGs to be included in a composite type 1 IFN score.

Methods

Whole blood‐derived RNA and clinical data were collected from 171 mostly pediatric patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs), systemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAIDs), monogenic interferonopathies (IFNPs) and other inflammatory diseases, and from 38 controls. The expression of six previously established ISGs, IL18, and CXCL9 was assessed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (471 samples). Individual and composite gene expression was assessed, and correlation and threshold analyses were performed.

Results

Correlation between ISG expression and clinical disease activity was strongest in CTD, especially in juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) and IFNP, and modest in patients with SAID. Threshold ISG expression levels for the detection of at least mild clinical disease activity were substantially higher in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus compared with JDM. The correlation of expression levels of limited sets of ISGs and even individual ISGs with clinical disease activity were not inferior to a composite score of six ISGs.

Conclusion

In a real‐world cohort, individual ISG expression levels robustly reflected clinical disease activity in CTD and IFNP, especially in JDM, which would simplify such analyses in clinical routine and be more cost‐effective. Threshold levels varied across diseases, potentially reflecting different mechanisms of type 1 IFN overactivation.
Interactions of Choline and Geranate (CAGE) and Choline Octanoate (CAOT) Deep Eutectic Solvents with Lipid Bilayers
Authors: Neville George M. , Dobre Ana‐Maria , Smith Gavin J. , Micciulla Samantha , Brooks Nick J. , Arnold Thomas , Welton Tom , Edler Karen J.
Published: October 2023

Mixtures between choline and geranic acid (CAGE) have previously been shown to insert into lipid bilayers. This may be useful for the transdermal delivery of larger pharmaceuticals, however, little is known about the mechanism of activity. By comparing the interactions between CAGE and lipid bilayers with those of a less‐active, yet closely‐related analogue, choline octanoic acid (CAOT), a chemical basis can be investigated. Overall, six systems are studied here by neutron reflectivity, where d54‐1,2‐dimyristoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (DMPC) solid‐supported phospholipid bilayers are first formed on SiO2 substrates before exposure to the deep eutectic solvent (DES). Components of the DES could be identified within the bilayer by exploiting contrast variation and selective deuteration. CAGE is shown to be a mild disruptive agent, free to insert and diffuse across the bilayer, preserving much of the bilayer integrity. Experiments identify co‐mingling of geranate ions inhibits the efficient packing of lipid tails, increasing hydration across the bilayer. Conversely, CAOT is found to both exchange and remove lipid molecules to achieve incorporation, inducing swelling and the formation of solvent patches. It appears these behaviors derive from the structures of the anions and thus amphiphilicity of the DES, laying the foundations for the rational design and optimization of these candidates toward transdermal delivery.
Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite‐Inspired Materials: Defect‐Driven Challenges for High‐Performance Optoelectronics
Authors: Grandhi G. Krishnamurthy , Hardy David , Krishnaiah Mokurala , Vargas Brenda , Al‐Anesi Basheer , Suryawanshi Mahesh P. , Solis‐Ibarra Diego , Gao Feng , Hoye Robert L. Z. , Vivo Paola
Published: October 2023

The remarkable success of lead halide perovskites (LHPs) in photovoltaics and other optoelectronics is significantly linked to their defect tolerance, although this correlation remains not fully clear. The tendency of LHPs to decompose into toxic lead‐containing compounds in the presence of humid air calls for the need of low‐toxicity LHP alternatives comprising of cations with stable oxidation states. To this aim, a plethora of low‐dimensional and wide‐bandgap perovskite‐inspired materials (PIMs) are proposed. Unfortunately, the optoelectronic performance of PIMs currently lags behind that of their LHP‐based counterparts, with a key limiting factor being the high concentration of defects in PIMs, whose rich and complex chemistry is still inadequately understood. This review discusses the defect chemistry of relevant PIMs belonging to the halide elpasolite, vacancy‐ordered double perovskite, pnictogen‐based metal halide, Ag‐Bi‐I, and metal chalcohalide families of materials. The defect‐driven optical and charge‐carrier transport properties of PIMs and their device performance within and beyond photovoltaics are especially discussed. Finally, a view on potential solutions for advancing the research on wide‐bandgap PIMs is provided. The key insights of this review will help to tackle the commercialization challenges of these emerging semiconductors with low toxicity and intrinsic air stability.
Liquid Metal‐Based Sensor Skin Enabling Haptic Perception of Softness
Authors: Chen Haotian , Furfaro Ivan , Fernández Lavado Emilio , Lacour Stéphanie P.
Published: October 2023

Haptic perception of softness is a unique feature of the human skin that relies on the concurrent measurements of the lateral deformation and compression of the skin during object manipulation. This is challenging to implement in robotics because of combined requirements in sensing modalities, skin format, robotic structures, and synthetic materials. A soft sensory skin supporting distributed and bimodal mechanical sensing over large surface area and suitable for robotic hand manipulation is reported. Resistive pressure and strain sensors are prepared with spray‐coated liquid metal films embedded in a silicone matrix. Object softness is computed through a calibrated model based on both sensor response curves and the stiffness of the carrier robot. The soft sensory skin enables localization and discrimination of softness that promise interesting future implementation for robotic palpation or precise teleoperation.
Enhanced Optical Contrast and Switching in Near‐Infrared Electrochromic Devices by Optimizing Conjugated Polymer Oligo(Ethylene Glycol) Sidechain Content and Gel Electrolyte Composition
Authors: Pankow Robert M. , Kerwin Brendan , Cho Yongjoon , Jeong Seonghun , Forti Giacomo , Musolino Bryan , Yang Changduk , Facchetti Antonio , Marks Tobin J.
Published: October 2023

A detailed investigation addressing the effects of functionalizing conjugated polymers with oligo(ethylene glycol) (EGn) sidechains on the performance and polymer‐electrolyte compatibility of electrochromic devices (ECDs) is reported. The electrochemistry for a series of donor‐acceptor copolymers having near‐infrared (NIR)‐optical absorption, where the donor fragment is 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) or an EGn functionalized bithiophene (g2T) and the acceptor fragment is diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) functionalized with branched alkyl or EGn sidechains, is extensively probed. ECDs are next fabricated and it is found that EGn sidechain incorporation must be finely balanced to promote polymer‐electrolyte compatibility and provide efficient ion exchange. Proper electrolyte‐cation pairing and polymer structural tuning affords a 2x increase in optical contrast (from 12% to 24%) and >60x reduction in switching time (from 20 to 0.3 s). Atomic force microscopy (AFM)/grazing incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) characterization of the polymer film morphology/microstructure reveals that an over‐abundance of EGn sidechains generates large polymer crystallites, which can suppress ion exchange. Lastly, time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) indicates sidechain/electrolyte identity does not influence the electrolyte penetration depth into the films, and EGn sidechain inclusion increases electrolyte cation uptake. The material structural design insight and guidelines regarding the polymer‐electrolyte ion insertion/expulsion dynamics reported here should be of significant utility for developing next‐generation mixed ionic‐electronic conducting materials.
Ultrathin Hematite‐Hercynite Films for Future Unassisted Solar Water Splitting
Authors: Chnani Ahmed , Knauer Andrea , Strehle Steffen
Published: October 2023

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting requires stable, efficient, and cost‐effective photoelectrodes to enable future large‐scale solar hydrogen production. Ultrathin hematite‐hercynite photoanodes that meet all these criteria in an excellent way is presented here. Hematite‐hercynite photoelectrodes are synthesized in a self‐forming manner by thermal oxidation of iron–aluminum alloy films and characterized with regard to water splitting applications. Photoanodes fabricated from 17 wt.% Al at 493 °C for 8 h and 685 °C for 5 min exhibit, for instance, a photocurrent density of 1.24 and 1.53 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus RHE, respectively, as well as superior light absorption in the visible range of the solar spectrum. The PEC performance improvement in comparison to pure hematite thin film electrodes is first achieved by adjusting the aluminum concentration with an optimum range of 12–17 wt.% and second by optimizing the annealing conditions. The resulting photocurrent densities are about a factor of three higher than those obtained from electrodes synthesized from pure iron thin films using the same synthesis conditions. Finally, it is shown that ultrathin hematite‐hercynite photoelectrodes enable even unassisted solar water splitting in a NaOH (1 m) electrolyte with a maximum solar‐to‐hydrogen conversion efficiency of 0.78%.
Locally Reprogrammable Magnetic Micropillars with On‐Demand Reconfiguration and Multi‐Functionality
Authors: Sun Yuxuan , Zhang Huajian , Zhao Yong , Wu Jiyang , Zhu Yinbo , Li Mujun , Wang Liu
Published: October 2023

Magnetic micropillars have shown great promise in various applications including information storage, fluid manipulation, and soft robotics. But to date, magnetic micropillars with reprogrammable magnetization, multi‐modal deformation and functionality, and on‐demand fast actuation have not been reported yet. Herein, locally reprogrammable ferromagnetic micropillars with on‐demand reconfiguration and multi‐functionality are reported. The magnetic micropillars are fabricated by dispersing CrO2 microparticles (diameter ≈5 µm, Curie temperature Tc = 110 °C) in the Ecoflex matrix. The magnetization of each micropillar can be easily programmed and reprogrammed by simultaneously heating the micropillar above Tc via laser and applying a magnetizing field. The magnetization can be programmed as omnidirectional in three dimensions, thus entire magnetic micropillar arrays show a variety of deformation modes (including both synchronous and asynchronous modes) with on‐demand fast actuation by remotely applying magnetic fields. Four representative functionalities of the magnetic micropillars are demonstrated: information encryption, particle pumping, ink mixing, and underwater crawling robot.