bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and Decision-Making in Telemedicine
Authors: Pappas Yannis , Vseteckova Jitka , Mastellos Nikolas , Greenfield Geva , Randhawa Gurch
Published: October 2018

This article provides an analysis of the skills that health professionals and patients employ in reaching diagnosis and decision-making in telemedicine consultations. As governmental priorities continue to emphasize patient involvement in the management of their disease, there is an increasing need to accurately capture the provider–patient interactions in clinical encounters. Drawing on conversation analysis of 10 video-mediated consultations in 3 National Health Service settings in England, this study examines the interaction between patients, General Practitioner (GPs), nurses, and consultants during diagnosis and decision-making, with the aim to identify the range of skills that participants use in the process and capture the interprofessional communication and patient involvement in the diagnosis and decision-making phases of telemedicine consultations. The analysis shows that teleconsultations enhance collaborative working among professionals and enable GPs and nurses to develop their skills and actively participate in diagnosis and decision-making by contributing primary care–specific knowledge to the consultation. However, interprofessional interaction may result in limited patient involvement in decision-making. The findings of this study can be used to inform training programs in telemedicine that focus on the development of effective skills for professionals and the provision of information to patients.
Subskills associated with spelling ability in children with and without autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Bailey Benjamin , Arciuli Joanne
Published: October 2018

Background and aims

Effective literacy instruction demands a clear understanding of the subskills that underpin children’s reading and writing abilities. Some previous research on reading has questioned whether the same subskills support literacy acquisition for typically developing children and children with autism spectrum disorders. This study examined the subskills associated with spelling ability in a group of 20 children with ASD aged 5–12 years (ASD group). A group of 20 typically developing children matched for age and word spelling accuracy (TD group) provided comparative data.

Methods

Participants completed standardised assessments of vocabulary, phonological awareness, letter knowledge and word spelling. Errors produced in response to the word spelling assessment were analysed for evidence of phonological awareness. In addition, all spelling attempts were analysed for evidence of phonological, orthographic, and morphological awareness, ‘linguistic awareness’, using the Computerised Spelling Sensitivity System.

Results

Correlation and regression analyses showed statistically significant relationships between phonological awareness and word spelling accuracy for children in the ASD and TD groups. Spelling errors produced by both groups contained evidence of phonological awareness. Analysis of all spelling attempts showed that the overall level of linguistic awareness encoded by children in the ASD and TD groups was not significantly different.

Conclusions

These findings provide evidence that phonological awareness and other subskills support spelling in children with autism spectrum disorders as they do in typically developing children.

Implications

The similar spelling profiles exhibited by children with autism spectrum disorders and their typically developing peers suggest that these populations may benefit from literacy instruction that targets the same underpinning subskills.
The neuroscience of depressive disorders: A brief review of the past and some considerations about the future
Authors: Kaltenboeck Alexander , Harmer Catherine
Published: October 2018

Depression is a common and debilitating mental health condition whose underlying aetiology and pathophysiology is still relatively poorly understood. In this article, we first turn to the past and briefly review what neuroscientific investigations have taught us so far about depression. In doing so, we cover neurochemical, neuroendocrine, immunological, functional and structural anatomical, and cognitive levels of description. We then turn our attention to the future and discuss where the field might be moving in the years to come. We argue that future developments may rely on three important lines of enquiry: first, the development of an integrated neuroscientific model of depression and its treatment in which different levels of description can be mechanistically linked, and in which distinct pathophysiological trajectories leading to depressive symptomatology can be identified. Second, the continued search for potentially overlooked pathophysiological factors, especially outside the immediate boundaries of the brain. And third, the improvement in translation of neuroscientific insights to aid and advance clinical practice and research.
Increased prevalence of expiratory flow limitation during exercise in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: O'Dea Christopher A. , Logie Karla , Maiorana Andrew , Wilson Andrew C. , Pillow J. Jane , Banton Georgia L , Simpson Shannon J. , Hall Graham L.
Published: October 2018

Evidence regarding the prevalence of expiratory flow limitation (EFL) during exercise and the ventilatory response to exercise in children born preterm is limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of EFL as well as contributing factors to EFL and the ventilatory response to exercise in preterm children with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Preterm children (≤32 weeks gestational age) aged 9–12 years with (n=64) and without (n=42) BPD and term controls (n=43), performed an incremental treadmill exercise test with exercise tidal flow–volume loops.

More preterm children with BPD (53%) had EFL compared with preterm children without BPD (26%) or term controls (28%) (p<0.05). The presence of EFL was independently associated with decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity z-score and lower gestational age (p<0.05). There was no difference in peak oxygen uptake between preterm children with BPD and term controls (48.0versus48.4 mL·kg−1·min−1; p=0.063); however, children with BPD had a lower tidal volume at peak exercise (mean difference −27 mL·kg−1, 95% CI −49– −5; p<0.05). Children born preterm without BPD had ventilatory responses to exercise similar to term controls.

Expiratory flow limitation is more prevalent in children born preterm with BPD and is associated with airway obstruction and a lower gestational age.
Impact of dapagliflozin on left ventricular diastolic function of patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus with chronic heart failure
Authors: Soga Fumitaka , Tanaka Hidekazu , Tatsumi Kazuhiro , Mochizuki Yasuhide , Sano Hiroyuki , Toki Hiromi , Matsumoto Kensuke , Shite Junya , Takaoka Hideyuki , Doi Tomofumi , Hirata Ken-ichi
Published: October 2018

Background

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of sodium glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on left ventricular (LV) diastolic function of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with heart failure (HF).

Methods

This trial was a prospective multicenter study of 58 T2DM patients with stable HF at five institutions in Japan. Patients who had been taking at least one antidiabetic drugs other than SGLT2 inhibitors started the administration of 5 mg/day of dapagliflozin. The physical examinations, blood tests, and echocardiography were performed at baseline and 6 months after administration of dapagliflozin. The primary endpoint was defined as a change in mitral inflow E and mitral e′ annular velocities (E/e′) between baseline and 6 months after the administration of dapagliflozin. The secondary end points consisted of a change in brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), LV mass index (LVMI) and left atrial volume index (LAVI).

Results

E/e′ significantly decreased from 9.3 to 8.5 cm/s (p = 0.020) 6 months after administration of dapagliflozin. LAVI and LVMI significantly decreased from 31 to 26 mL/m2 (p = 0.001), and from 75.0 to 67.0 g/m2 (p < 0.001), respectively, 6 months after administration of dapagliflozin. No significant change was observed in BNP (from 27.9 to 28.9 pg/mL; p = 0.132) 6 months after administration of dapagliflozin, except for a significant decrease from 168.8 to 114.3 pg/mL (p = 0.012) in patients with BNP ≥ 100 pg/mL.

Conclusion

This prospective multicenter trial showed the beneficial effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on LV diastolic functional parameters for T2DM patients with HF. Our findings may thus offer a new insight into the management of T2DM patients.

Trial registration UMIN000019789, Registered 28 September 2014, Date of registration: 11/14/2015, Date of enrolment of the first participant to the trial: 6/15/2016, Date of enrolment of the last participant to the trial: 12/9/2017
Mood stabilisers and risk of stroke in bipolar disorder
Authors: Chen Pao-Huan , Tsai Shang-Ying , Pan Chun-Hung , Chang Chi-Kang , Su Sheng-Shiang , Chen Chiao-Chicy , Kuo Chian-Jue
Published: October 2018

Background

Research on the risk of stroke following the use of mood stabilisers specific to patients with bipolar disorder is limited.

Aims

In this study, we investigated the risk of stroke following the exposure to mood stabilisers in patients with bipolar disorder.

Method

Data for this nationwide population-based study were derived from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Among a retrospective cohort of patients with bipolar disorder (n= 19 433), 609 new-onset cases of stroke were identified from 1999 to 2012. A case–crossover study design utilising 14-day windows was applied to assess the acute exposure effect of individual mood stabilisers on the risk of ischaemic, haemorrhagic and other types of stroke in patients with bipolar disorder.

Results

Mood stabilisers as a group were significantly associated with the increased risk of stroke in patients with bipolar disorder (adjusted risk ratio, 1.26;P= 0.041). Among individual mood stabilisers, acute exposure to carbamazepine had the highest risk of stroke (adjusted risk ratio, 1.68;P= 0.018), particularly the ischaemic type (adjusted risk ratio, 1.81;P= 0.037). In addition, acute exposure to valproic acid elevated the risk of haemorrhagic stroke (adjusted risk ratio, 1.76;P= 0.022). In contrast, acute exposure to lithium and lamotrigine did not significantly increase the risk of any type of stroke.

Conclusions

Use of carbamazepine and valproic acid, but not lithium and lamotrigine, is associated with increased risk of stroke in patients with bipolar disorder.

Declaration of interest

None.
Monstrous Science:The Great Monster Yonggari(1967) and Cold War Science in 1960s South Korea
Authors: Kim Chung-kang
Published: October 2018

This essay explores the cinematic Cold War in 1960s South Korea, focusing on a popular film, The Great Monster Yonggari (Taegoesu Yonggari, 1967), and its transnational production, circulation, and responses. Initially produced as a children’s movie by Korean film director Kim Kidŏk, Yonggari had great success at the box office in South Korea. Later, with cooperation and international marketing by the Japanese company Toei, this film was introduced by American International Pictures television in the United States in 1969 with the title Yongary, Monster from the Deep. The transnational cultural nexus in the production and distribution of The Great Monster Yonggari obviously reflects the global Cold War politics among the nations in the “free world.” While paying attention to this ideological aspect of the film and the centrality of science as a national developmental agenda in South Korea, the essay also looks closely at the anxieties behind the Cold War science within Yonggari, as the “silenced” nuclear disaster of Japan started to be publicly spoken in South Korean media in the mid-1960s. The film reminded Koreans of the victims in Hiroshima and Nagasaki and of East Asian “Hot Wars” that were hidden behind monstrous Cold War science.
Madness, Medicine, and Masculinity in Kim Tongin’s “Oh, the Frail-Hearted!”
Authors: Yang Yoon Sun
Published: October 2018

This article examines how a major twentieth-century Korean writer, Kim Tongin, adopted the language of Western medical science to produce the effect of literary interiority as an iteration of the individual in his novella “Oh, the Frail-Hearted!” (1919–20). My reading of the story unravels the ways in which this work draws several equations between the practice of medical science and that of literature. The main character’s diary and letter are treated as his medical records; a well-known man of letters acts as his doctor by identifying his symptoms through the “medical” gaze; readers are invited to read his “mind” the way doctors examine those of their patients; his illness gives his interiority an identifiable form; and his extramarital affair is not only a love story but also a trigger of his mental illness. The medical gaze allows him to explore his sexuality beyond the traditional conjugal norm—whether via a heterosexual love affair or homoeroticism. His pursuit of individuality is, however, bounded by the “colonial” gaze, under which he appears as an accomplice of the collective debilitation of the colony through a moralistic prism.
The Ric-8A/Gα13/FAK signaling cascade controls focal adhesion formation during neural crest cell migration
Authors: Toro-Tapia Gabriela , Villaseca Soraya , Beyer Andrea , Roycroft Alice , Marcellini Sylvain , Mayor Roberto , Torrejón Marcela
Published: October 2018

Ric-8A is a pleiotropic guanine nucleotide exchange factor involved the activation of various heterotrimeric G protein pathways during adulthood and early development. Here, we sought to determine the downstream effectors of Ric-8A during the migration of the vertebrate cranial neural crest (NC) cells. We show that the Gα13 knockdown phenocopies the Ric-8A morphant condition, causing actin cytoskeleton alteration, protrusion instability and a strong reduction in the number and dynamics of focal adhesions. In addition, the overexpression of Gα13 is sufficient to rescue Ric-8A depleted cells. Ric-8A and Gα13 physically interact and co-localize in protrusions of the cells leading edge. The focal adhesion kinase FAK co-localizes and interacts with the endogenous Gα13, and a constitutively active form of Src efficiently rescues the Gα13 morphant phenotype in NC cells. We propose that Ric-8A-mediated Gα13 signaling is required for proper cranial NC cell migration by regulating focal adhesion dynamics and protrusion formation.
Endotoxin rapidly desensitizes the gonads to kisspeptin-induced luteinizing hormone release in male Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus)
Authors: Long Kimberly L. P. , Bailey Allison M. , Greives Timothy J. , Legan Sandra J. , Demas Gregory E.
Published: October 2018

Activation of the immune system induces rapid reductions in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis activity, which in turn decreases secretion of sex steroids. This response is likely adaptive for survival by temporarily inhibiting reproduction to conserve energy; however, the physiological mechanisms controlling this response remain unclear. The neuropeptide kisspeptin is a candidate to mediate the decrease in sex hormones seen during sickness through its key regulation of the HPG axis. In this study, the effects of acute immune activation on the response to kisspeptin were assessed in male Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus). Specifically, an immune response was induced in animals by a single treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and reproductive hormone concentrations were determined in response to subsequent injections of exogenous kisspeptin. Saline-treated controls showed a robust increase in circulating testosterone in response to kisspeptin; however, this response was blocked in LPS-treated animals. Circulating luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were elevated in response to kisspeptin in both LPS- and saline-treated groups and, thus, were unaffected by LPS treatment, suggesting gonad-level inhibition of testosterone release despite central HPG activation. In addition, blockade of glucocorticoid receptors by mifepristone did not attenuate the LPS-induced inhibition of testosterone release, suggesting that circulating glucocorticoids do not mediate this phenomenon. Collectively, these findings reveal that acute endotoxin exposure rapidly renders the gonads less sensitive to HPG stimulation, thus effectively inhibiting sex hormone release. More broadly, these results shed light on the effects of immune activation on the HPG axis and help elucidate the mechanisms controlling energy allocation and reproduction.
Tεχνικές ακουστικής κατανόησης ξένου εξειδικευμένου λόγου και κράτησης σημειώσεων
Authors: Παλασάκη Βασιλική Ιωάννης
Published: October 2018

Οι μεταπτυχιακές σπουδές σε μια χώρα του εξωτερικού αποτελούσαν ανέκαθεν για τους φοιτητές μια από τις προσφιλείς επιλογές. Η οικονομική κρίση στις μέρες μας επέτεινε αυτή την ανάγκη για βελτίωση, όχι όμως μόνο του επιστημονικού επιπέδου αλλά και των προοπτικών και συνθηκών εργασίας τους, με αποτέλεσμα να παρατηρείται μεγάλη φυγή νέων αποφοίτων πανεπιστημιακής εκπαίδευσης είτε για μεταπτυχιακές σπουδές ή για εργασία. Η γλώσσα, ως ο πιο καθοριστικός παράγοντας στην εργασιακή κινητικότητα, υποχρέωσε πολλούς Έλληνες φοιτητές τα τελευταία χρόνια να στραφούν προς τη γερμανική γλώσσα, προκειμένου να ενταχθούν στην αγορά εργασίας της Γερμανίας, που είναι από τις πιο ελκυστικές στην Ευρώπη. Στην παρούσα εργασία παρατίθενται στους φοιτητές που παρακολουθούν το μάθημα «Γερμανικά για   ακαδημαϊκούς σκοπούς» και που ενδιαφέρονται να συνεχίσουν τις σπουδές τους ή να εργαστούν σε κάποια γερμανόφωνη χώρα, οι κατάλληλες τεχνικές, που θα τους καταστήσουν σταδιακά ικανούς, αφενός στην ακρόαση επιστημονικών διαλέξεων και αφετέρου στην τήρηση κατανοητών και χρήσιμων σημειώσεων για την ανακεφαλαίωση του περιεχομένου αυτών των διαλέξεων.
Η συμβολή του ηλεκτρονικού ταχυδρομείου στην επικοινωνία και συνεργασία φοιτητών και Καθηγητή Συμβούλου στην Ανοικτή και εξ Αποστάσεως Εκπαίδευση
Authors: Μέγγου Μαρία-Ελένη , Καλογιαννάκης Μιχαήλ
Published: October 2018

Η Ανοικτή και εξ Αποστάσεως Εκπαίδευση (ΑεξΑΕ) αναπτύχθηκε ραγδαία τα τελευταία χρόνια και στην ενίσχυσή της συνέβαλε ουσιαστικά η εξέλιξη των ΤΠΕ (Τεχνολογίες Πληροφορίας και Επικοινωνίας), οι οποίες προσέφεραν νέα μέσα για την επιτυχή ολοκλήρωσή της. Η ΑεξΑΕ λόγω της ιδιομορφίας της προωθεί την εξατομικευμένη μάθηση μέσω της επικοινωνίας και κυρίως αυτής του Καθηγητή Σύμβουλου (ΚΣ) με τους φοιτητές. Μέσα από συστηματική βιβλιογραφική επισκόπηση αναδεικνύεται η ανάγκη των φοιτητών για σταθερή και εποικοδομητική επικοινωνία με τους ΚΣ καθώς και για συχνή και γρήγορη ανατροφοδότηση. Η παρούσα έρευνα επιχείρησε να αναδείξει τη συμβολή του ηλεκτρονικού ταχυδρομείου στην ΑεξΑΕ και τις ανάγκες των φοιτητών του Ελληνικού Ανοικτού Πανεπιστημίου (ΕΑΠ) που τους υπαγόρευσαν τη χρήση ηλεκτρονικής επικοινωνίας καθώς και τους παράγοντες που τους καθοδήγησαν να την επιλέξουν. Τα αποτελέσματά της έρευνας εξήραν τη σημασία την ηλεκτρονικής επικοινωνίας στην εξΑΕ κυρίως σε θέματα σπουδών, καθώς οι συμμετέχοντες την αναφέρουν ως βασική επιλογή τους, για τις ανάγκες τους κατά τη διάρκεια των σπουδών τους.
Εditorial
Authors: Λιοναράκης Αντώνης
Published: October 2018

editorial
Case Report: Immediate pain relief after partial pulpotomy of cariously exposed young permanent molar using mineral trioxide aggregate and root maturation, with two years follow-up
Authors: Nagi Passant , Waly Nevine , Elbardissy Adel , Khalifa Mohammed
Published: October 2018

Carious exposure of immature first permanent molar is a widespread issue faced in paediatric dentistry. This may be the result of the early eruption of this molar, so parents may think it is replicable to the rest of the deciduous teeth. Preserving pulp vitality is the primary goal in treating those teeth to allow maturation of roots both in length and width. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is considered a perfect dressing material for pulpotomy (both partial and complete) due to its bio computability and sealing property. We present a case that describes treatment and two years follow-up of a symptomatic immature first permanent molar with a deep carious lesion. For treatment, we started with anaesthesia and rubber dam isolation. After that, the carious lesion was removed, and we performed partial pulpotomy, then applied MTA-Angelos on the fresh wound. Moistened cotton then was lightly packed over MTA for 15 minutes to allow initial setting, followed by application of glass ionomer and final restoration with composite. The following day, the tooth was asymptomatic with the patient reporting pain relief. After three months follow-up, the tooth normally responds to thermal test. After 12 months, a periapical radiograph of the tooth showed root maturation, and after 24 months also, the tooth was clinically and radiographically successful. MTA partial pulpotomy should be considered in the treatment of symptomatic young permanent teeth.
Using zebrafish larval models to study brain injury, locomotor and neuroinflammatory outcomes following intracerebral haemorrhage
Authors: Crilly Siobhan , Njegic Alexandra , Laurie Sarah E. , Fotiou Elisavet , Hudson Georgina , Barrington Jack , Webb Kirsty , Young Helen L. , Badrock Andrew P. , Hurlstone Adam , Rivers-Auty Jack , Parry-Jones Adrian R. , Allan Stuart M. , Kasher Paul R.
Published: October 2018

Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating condition with limited treatment options, and current understanding of pathophysiology is incomplete. Spontaneous cerebral bleeding is a characteristic of the human condition that has proven difficult to recapitulate in existing pre-clinical rodent models. Zebrafish larvae are frequently used as vertebrate disease models and are associated with several advantages, including high fecundity, optical translucency and non-protected status prior to 5 days post-fertilisation. Furthermore, other groups have shown that zebrafish larvae can exhibit spontaneous ICH. The aim of this study was to investigate whether such models can be utilised to study the pathological consequences of bleeding in the brain, in the context of pre-clinical ICH research.

Here, we compared existing genetic (bubblehead) and chemically inducible (atorvastatin) zebrafish larval models of spontaneous ICH and studied the subsequent disease processes. Through live, non-invasive imaging of transgenic fluorescent reporter lines and behavioural assessment we quantified brain injury, locomotor function and neuroinflammation following ICH. We show that ICH in both zebrafish larval models is comparable in timing, frequency and location. ICH results in increased brain cell death and a persistent locomotor deficit. Additionally, in haemorrhaged larvae we observed a significant increase in macrophage recruitment to the site of injury. Live in vivo imaging allowed us to track active macrophage-based phagocytosis of dying brain cells 24 hours after haemorrhage. Morphological analyses and quantification indicated that an increase in overall macrophage activation occurs in the haemorrhaged brain.

Our study shows that in zebrafish larvae, bleeding in the brain induces quantifiable phenotypic outcomes that mimic key features of human ICH. We hope that this methodology will enable the pre-clinical ICH community to adopt the zebrafish larval model as an alternative to rodents, supporting future high throughput drug screening and as a complementary approach to elucidating crucial mechanisms associated with ICH pathophysiology.
Prophylactic potential of a Panchgavya formulation against certain pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Patel Pooja , Joshi Chinmayi , Funde Snehal , Palep Hanumanthrao , Kothari Vijay
Published: October 2018

A Panchgavya preparation was evaluated for its prophylactic efficacy against bacterial infection, employing the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans as a model host. Worms fed with the Panchgavya preparation prior to being challenged with pathogenic bacteria had a better survival rate against four out of five test bacterial pathogens, as compared to the control worms. Panchgavya feeding prior to bacterial challenge was found to be most effective against Staphylococcus aureus, resulting in 27% (p=0.0001) better worm survival. To the best of our awareness, this is the first report demonstrating in vivo prophylactic efficacy of Panchgavya mixture against pathogenic bacteria.
HISTORICAL GRAMMAR OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE. Second edition
Authors: Пантелеев Андрей , Panteleev Andrey , Шейко Елена , Sheyko Elena
Published: October 2018

This manual is intended for students enrolled in the direction of 44.03.05 Pedagogical education and training profile "Russian language". The discipline " Historical grammar of the Russian language "is one of the disciplines of the historical cycle, which is the first part of the course"History of the Russian language".
The manual on the Historical grammar of the Russian language is compiled on a modular basis and includes tasks for diagnostic and qualimetric characteristics of the student on the subject. This, in particular, serve as texts and assignments to them, marked with a sign . If students perform all the tasks presented after the texts, the material of the educational element and module is fully assimilated by them. If students are unable to perform any task, it is necessary to repeat the theoretical material and again refer to the tasks. It will help to understand how everyone has mastered the material, and a reflexive questionnaire that will point to the difficulties faced by students, and tell the way to overcome them. At the end of the manual presented test items to check the level of mastery of the material.
Each section of the module and the training element is equipped with certain icons that will help to Orient in the structure of the training manual and tell you how and in which direction to move the student to master the material.
Formation of Information Culture of Students in Pedagogical University
Authors: Тесленко Валентина , Teslenko Valentine , Залезная Татьяна , Zaleznaya Tat'yana
Published: October 2018

The article deals with the process of formation of information culture of students in the pedagogical university. The formation of the process is considered as a system functioning on the basis of goals, objectives of the content of training within the framework of the structural and functional model of the formation of information culture, taking into account that information processes in training are gradually based on the formed information literacy, literacy in the fi eld of ICT, information worldview. Psychological and didactic conditions of formation of information culture are distinguished. Evaluation and diagnostic tools for determining the level of formation of information culture of students are proposed.
University Preparation As the Stage of Formation of Social Maturity of Students with Health Limitations and Without Health Limitations
Authors: Дьякова Наталья , Dyakova Natalya , Козырева Ольга , Kozyreva Ol'ga , Сырвачева Л. , Syrvacheva L.
Published: October 2018

The pedagogical and psychological literature on the studied problem is analyzed, the conceptual fi eld of research, the structure and content of the social maturity of students is defi ned; The diff erences and peculiarities of the social maturity of students with and without health limitations, both in terms of the integral indicator, and for individual components related to the phenomenon of “socio-psychological maturity” were revealed experimentally.
Personalization of Students in the Main School and in College: Standards and Requirements
Authors: Бычков Анатолий , Bychkov Anatoliy
Published: October 2018

The article considers the regularities of the eff ective personal development of primary school students as a factor of formation of psychological and functional readiness for independent work and for the continuation of training in the system of secondary vocational education. The personal characteristics of a new generation of students of the main school are revealed. The regularities of the formation of school students’ personalization as the main indicator of personality formation are presented. Recommendations on the formation of motivation of students to continue their education in the system of secondary vocational education are given. Recommended tasks for practical work of students in the classroom “Technology”.
SELF FAMILY AS THE FOUNDATION OF KEEPING THE SPIRITUAL MORAL VALUES OF THE NORTH SAKHA REPUBLIC (YAKUTIA)
Authors: Прокопьева Мария , Prokopyeva Maria , Ефремова Лена , Efremova Lena
Published: October 2018

The article deals with the spiritual and moral foundations of family pedagogy of the North of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the effect of the level of self-organization of the family to preserve ethnic identity of these peoples
Creating Common Ground: A Communicative Action Model of Dialogue in Shareholder Engagement
Authors: Ferraro Fabrizio , Beunza Daniel
Published: October 2018

Despite growing empirical evidence on the effectiveness of dialogue between activists and corporations in stakeholder engagement, scholars have not fully accounted for the mechanisms that explain its success. We address this gap by leveraging Habermas’s theory of communicative action. In our longitudinal qualitative study, we explore the dialogue on climate change between the Interfaith Centre for Corporate Responsibility, a coalition of faith-based investors, Ford, and General Motors. We find that communicative action can emerge from strategic action as a result of three cycles of interaction: establishing dialogue, framing, and deliberation. Our study contributes to the literature on shareholder engagement by integrating communicative and strategic action, thereby offering a new interpretation of how reputational threat and dialogue come together to produce a common ground between activists and companies.
Plate fixation compared with nonoperative treatment of displaced midshaft clavicular fractures: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Qvist A. H. , Væsel M. T. , Jensen C. M. , Jensen S. L.
Published: October 2018

Aims

Recent studies of nonoperatively treated displaced midshaft clavicular fractures have shown a high incidence of nonunion and unsatisfactory functional outcome. Some studies have shown superior functional results and higher rates of healing following operative treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome in these patients after nonoperative management with those treated with fixation.

Patients and Methods

In a multicentre, parallel randomized controlled trial, 146 adult patients with an acute displaced fracture of the midthird of the clavicle were randomized to either nonoperative treatment with a sling (71, 55 men and 16 women with a mean age of 39 years, 18 to 60) or fixation with a pre-contoured plate and locking screws (75, 64 men and 11 women with a mean age of 40 years, 18 to 60). Outcome was assessed using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) Score, the Constant Score, and radiographical evidence of union. Patients were followed for one year.

Results

A total of 60 patients in the nonoperative group and 64 in the operative group completed one-year follow-up. At three months’ follow-up, both the median DASH (1.7 vs 8.3) and median Constant scores (97 vs 90) were significantly better in the operated group (both p = 0.02). After six months and one year, there was no difference in the median DASH or Constant scores. The rate of nonunion was lower in the operative group (2 vs 11 patients, p < 0.02). Nine patients in the nonoperative group underwent surgery for nonunion. The plate was subsequently removed in 16 patients (25%). One patient had a new fracture after removal of the plate and one underwent revision surgery for failure of fixation.

Conclusion

Fixation of a displaced midshaft clavicular fracture using a pre-contoured plate and locking screws results in faster functional recovery and a higher rate of union compared with nonoperative management, but the function of the shoulder is equal after six months and at one year. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1385–91.
Predicted final spinal height in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis can be achieved by surgery regardless of maturity status
Authors: Bao H. , Liu Z. , Bao M. , Zhu Z. , Yan P. , Liu S. , Feng Z. , Qian B. , Qiu Y.
Published: October 2018

Aims

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of maturity status at the time of surgery on final spinal height in patients with an adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) using the spine-pelvic index (SPI). The SPI is a self-control ratio that is independent of age and maturity status.

Patients and Methods

The study recruited 152 female patients with a Lenke 1 AIS. The additional inclusion criteria were a thoracic Cobb angle between 45° and 70°, Risser 0 to 1 or 3 to 4 at the time of surgery, and follow-up until 18 years of age or Risser stage 5. The patients were stratified into four groups: Risser 0 to 1 and selective fusion surgery (Group 1), Risser 0 to 1 and non-selective fusion (Group 2), Risser 3 to 4 and selective fusion surgery (Group 3), and Risser 3 to 4 and non-selective fusion (Group 4). The height of spine at follow-up (HOSf) and height of pelvis at follow-up (HOPf) were measured and the predicted HOS (pHOS) was calculated as 2.22 (SPI) × HOPf. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed for statistical analysis.

Results

Of the 152 patients, there were 32 patients in Group 1, 27 patients in Group 2, 48 patients in Group 3, and 45 patients in Group 4. Significantly greater HOSf was observed in Group 3 compared with Group 1 (p = 0.03) and in Group 4 compared with Group 2 (p = 0.02), with similar HOPf (p = 0.75 and p = 0.83, respectively), suggesting that patients who undergo surgery at Risser grade of 0 to 1 have a shorter spinal height at follow-up than those who have surgery at Risser 4 to 5. HOSf was similar to pHOS in both Group 1 and Group 2 (p = 0.62 and p = 0.45, respectively), indicating that undergoing surgery at Risser 0 to 1 does not necessarily affect final spinal height.

Conclusion

This study shows that fusion surgery at Risser 0 may result in growth restriction unlike fusion surgery at Risser 3 to 4. Despite such growth restriction, AIS patients could reach their predicted or ‘normal’ spinal height after surgery regardless of baseline maturity status due to the longer baseline spinal length in AIS patients and the remaining growth potential at the non-fusion levels. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1372–6.
Gyoma hõsi halottai az elsõ világháborúban
Authors: Dávid Benjámin
Published: October 2018

Examining the consequences of the First World War, it can be concluded that its impact on the demographic conditions was significant. In addition to the national data it is important to examine them on local level, too. Based on these studies interesting data have been found. Therefore, I have decided to examine the 20th century history of my hometown, Gyomaendrõd in detail. (It is important
to note that during the investigated period Gyoma and Endrõd were two separate villages.) Gyoma village is a traditional lowland settlement which is located in Bekes County. Based on the 1910 census, 11 699 people lived in Gyoma. The denominational share of Gyoma in 1910 shows a Calvinistic majority (74%), Catholic (15%) and Lutheran (8,5%) minority. If the nationalities are examined, it can be noticed that 94% of the population is of Hungarian nationality, while there is a 5% German minority. In my research I set two main objectives: Firstly, I will clarify how many of the men enlisted from the settlement died, where, when and in which corps. Based on the exact war loss and official statistics it will be shown how it led to social, demographic and economic changes in the life of the village. For my research I used documents found in the Békés County Archives of Békési Branch Archives, more precisely the death certificates were used as primary resources.
A Földközi-tengeri Szövetséges Légierõ1 Magyarországra vonatkozó felderítése, valamint a szövetséges légitámadások általános fotókiértékelése a II. világháború idején
Authors: Oláh András Pál
Published: October 2018

The research of Allied Air Forces’ air raids on Hungary during World War 2 has come to a turning point. Hungarian historians have been content with roughly documenting the events; the thorough research of the background together with the motives for the attacks are yet to be explored. In my study I examined the Mediterranean Allied Air Force’s practice of photographic reconnaissance, intelligence and photographic interpretation, using the related documents and files. The Intelligence files of the Mediterranean Allied Air Force are major sources of the history of Allied air raids on Hungary in World War 2, and I pointed out that the complete research of the data on the subject by examining every piece of document available would lead to a more accurate understanding of the events. In addition to emphasizing the importance of the vast amont of data and documents on the subject, my intention was to provide reference to further research.
Rugby
Authors: Campbell Tom
Published: October 2018

Rugby the afterlife explores the transition from playing career to a life after the final whistle blows. The book, which is framed against a changing landscape as rugby entered the professional era, presents the individual accounts of how 23 former all blacks players navigated this transition. The author, Wynne Gray, is an award winning sport journalist living in New Zealand.
Keefektifan Asap Cair dan Elektroterapi untuk Mengeliminasi Infeksi Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae pada Benih Padi
Authors: Purnama Rizky G S , Mutaqin Kikin Hamzah , Tondok Efi Toding
Published: October 2018

The Effectiveness of Liquid Smoke and Electrotherapy to Eliminate Infection of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Rice SeedBacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is a seed-borne disease that can reduce the productivity of rice. Alternative treatments that have not been widely developed is application of liquid smoke and electrotherapy. The aim of this research was to study the effectiveness of liquid smoke and electrotherapy and their combinations to eliminate X. oryzae pv. oryzae without damaging seed quality. The study consisted of three experimental stages: (1) Liquid smoke treatment on the viability of the bacteria and rice seeds; (2) Electrotherapy treatment on the viability of bacteria and rice seeds; (3) Combination of liquid smoke and electrotherapy treatment in bacteria-infected rice seed. The results showed that liquid smoke concentration (5% for 30 minutes) was able to reduce 83.33% population of X. oryzae pv.oryzae on rice seeds with 94.33% seed vigor, 98.00% germination, and time required to achieve 50% of total seed emergence (T50) of 3.13 days. Electrotherapy treatment (400 mA for 20 minutes) was not only eliminated X. oryzae pv. oryzae on rice seeds up to 100% but also maintained seed vigor 81.67%, germination 89.33%, and T50 3.47 days. Electrotherapy treatment (400 mA for 20 minutes) followed by immersion of infected rice seeds in liquid smoke concentration (1% for 30 minutes) could reduce 94.59% bacteria population while maintaining 86.00% seed germination. Treatment of electrotherapy (400 mA for 20 minutes) followed by immersion seeds into liquid smoke concentration (5% for 30 minutes) could reduce bacterial population up to 100%, but caused phytotoxicity effect to the seedling.
PROSES FORMULASI KEBIJAKAN PENANGGULANGAN KEMISKINAN: Studi kasus Unit Pelaksana Teknis Penanggulangan Kemiskinan Kabupaten Sragen
Authors: Abdu Nugraha Irwan
Published: October 2018

All this time poverty reduction policy is partial, it’s so hard to combine all of the perception about poverty reduction because of poverty data is unintegrated, usually data in local government and BPS is different and not synchronous, moreover the poverty services partially will extended the bureaucracy. Sragen create a policy that be a solution to handle poverty problem with established an integrated unit that handle the poverty services like free health services for poor people, scholarship for smart poor student, rebuild the house uninhabitable (RTLH), and usually called by Integrated Services Unit Poverty (UPTPK). In this research, investigator interest to make analysis about how UPTPK can form and who is the actor that most contribute then how is the political intrigues that happened so can formed this UPTPK. The thing that more interested is now all of the policies in Sragen always nuances about poverty reduction. And to answer those questions, using research methods with descriptive approach, that is illustrating the formulation process with analyze data from interviews with relevant parties concerned. Based on research can found some facts, there are from the problem formulation, the issues that developed not only about poverty, but also about bureaucracy in the earlier policies are difficult for the poor people, then the issue policies that appear is caused the campaign from Sragen regent, Agus Faturahman that lift theme about poverty reduction. Society admitted, poverty is a problem that should be solved, but the issue can interested the society when regent campaign. Based on the research there are many factors that influence the policies, and most dominant is economic and political factors. Economic factor are about the budget deficit in the earlier regent leadership that impact the minimum budget to do development policies, so the budget are used for poverty reduction policies. From the policies agenda, there are demand from some group for the regent to realized the promises when his campaign that is Mbelo Wong Cilik. So the demand indirectly is focused to the poverty problem. Furthermore, determination the policies agenda not through DPRD because UPTPK there’s no in SOTK Sragen government, so there’s no discussion about UPTPK legality with DPRD. From the policy determining, UPTPK established just by a regent with the legal basis only a regent decree. Because of UPTPK isn’t in the SOTK Sragen government, as a consequence UPTPK yet manage their own budgeting.Keywords:
SOSIALISME PASAR DI CINA
Authors: Hasan Lubis Fuad
Published: October 2018

Keadaan dunia yang dewasa ini sudah sangat maju dalam segala aspek, memang memaksa negara untuk menyesuaikan iklimnya dengan iklim dunia. Kemajuan dunia ini secara ideologi adalah kemenangan kelompok demokrasi – liberal yang semakin jauh menyebarluaskan pengaruhnya di dunia. Hal ini tentunya membuat negara-negara yang masih berhaluan sosialis tidak stabil. Mereka terpaksa menggadai ideologinya agar dapat bertahan dalam kondisi dunia yang seperti ini. Tetapi tetap ada juga negara yang masih mengedapankan ideologinya sembari melakukan beberapa penyesuaian dengan kondisi dunia demi kepentingan negaranya. Cina yang dikenal sebagai negara Sosialis-Komunis menjadi contoh dari hal ini. Dimana mereka tetap konsisten dengan ideologinya, kecuali pada aspek ekonomi. Mereka menerapkan sistem keterbukaan pasar sebagai usaha untuk mencapai kemajuan ekonomi bagi negaranya. Saat ini Cina telah membuktikan diri sebagai negara maju dan mampu mempengaruhi dunia lewat kemajuan ekonominya.
Legami capaci di futuro: dalle basi intersoggettive dello sviluppo della persona all’esperienza dello “stare” in relazione. Attaccamento, fiducia, desiderio e cura nei rapporti interpersonali
Authors: Lerda Gian Sandro
Published: October 2018

Many conceptual analyses of the structure and mode of operation of the contemporary society outline a worrying and discouraging framework. They describe the decadence of values and they depict a world populated with individuals who are narcissistically self-oriented, looking for the satisfaction of their own desires, unable to desire, build and keep stable, continual and deep relations and affects. Nevertheless, recent psychological research, supported by the evidence of neuroscientific research, has evidenced that the origins of the psychic development of the individual are connected to the domain of the relational experience. New-borns become persons in and thanks to the context of relations where they live and grown up. Thus, relations are an essential feature and a fundamental and peculiar experience for the human being. This is evident if we try to analyse aspects and dimensions, such as attachment, trust, desire and care. Attachment allows not only the survival but also the internalization of relational patterns which are necessary for life. The trust experience in the primal relations allows the vital energy to be addressed towards the world and to build ties thanks to the experience of faith in the other. Experimenting satisfaction and frustration, possibility and limits in the interpersonal relations fosters the development of desire and of the capability of wait, renounce, choice, care, as well as the necessity/opportunity of recognizing/knowing the other. Feeling himself or herself understood by a caring other prepares the ground for the experience of personal safety and thanks to some special pedagogical reinforcements, it opens to the possibility of taking care of someone else, in a structure of mutual exchanges and material, affective and spiritual support which is necessary for any human being. Significant socio-cultural changes occurred in the last decades have influenced those fundamental experiences and contributed to produce new relational styles and models which are characterised by precariousness and discontinuity. It is thus of primary importance to promote and sustain a reflection and education on these themes with the aim of fostering our needs and relations, whose expression is essential for the wellness and selfrealization of individuals and communities. And this is not only in order to achieve a harmonic development of growing-up subjects but even for adults who want to fully accomplish their life and the related needs of sharing, intimacy and generativity. These results have to be achieved by taking into consideration the peculiarity of modern life and by searching for creative solutions thanks to which, at least partially, we can try to combine the new claims with the essential experience of “being” in a relation.
The Right Book to Help Our Ailing Society to Recover
Authors: Kriaučiuniene Roma
Published: October 2018

This paper is a review of Georg Lind’s latest book: How to Teach Morality. Promoting Deliberation and Discussion, Reducing Violence and Deceit (2016), and focuses on the main theme of the book – morality can be taught, the idea that is most encouraging for educators. Many researchers agree that our societies face many problems, such as violence, deceit, corruption, disrespect to the human nature, which on an individual level seem to stem from the lack of moral competence. Therefore, G. Lind’s book is timely, providing answers to those who are concerned about our future. It will be of interest and great value not only for the participants of CeSPeC Summer School of 2016, who were trying to attain the inspiration for an immediate present-day action to reshape our future for the better, but to all of us who are committed to the enhancement of human existence and especially educators, who are engaged in the development of moral competence of their learners. This review is an attempt to prove to the readers that. Lind’s book How to Teach Morality. Promoting Deliberation and Discussion, Reducing Violence and Deceit, is the right book to help our ailing societies to recover.