bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-Resolution MR Imaging of Muscular Fat Fraction—Comparison of Three T2-Based Methods and Chemical Shift-Encoded Imaging
Authors: Trinh Lena , Lind Emelie , Peterson Pernilla , Svensson Jonas , Olsson Lars E. , Månsson Sven
Published: September 2017

Chemical shift-encoded imaging (CSEI) is the most common magnetic resonance imaging fat–water separation method. However, when high spatial resolution fat fraction (FF) images are desired, CSEI might be challenging owing to the increased interecho spacing. Here, 3 T2-based methods have been assessed as alternative methods for obtaining high-resolution FF images. Images from the calf of 10 healthy volunteers were acquired; FF maps were then estimated using 3 T2-based methods (2- and 3-parameter nonlinear least squares fit and a Bayesian probability method) and CSEI for reference. In addition, simulations were conducted to characterize the performance of various methods. Here, all T2-based methods resulted in qualitatively improved high-resolution FF images compared with high-resolution CSEI. The 2-parameter fit showed best quantitative agreement to low-resolution CSEI, even at low FF. The estimated T2-values of fat and water, and the estimated muscle FF of the calf, agreed well with previously published data. In conclusion, T2-based methods can provide improved high-resolution FF images of the calf compared with the CSEI method.
The use of FTA to evaluate the potential of BIM platform in building rehabilitation
Authors: Silva Fabiana Dias da , Salgado Mônica Santos
Published: September 2017

Diversos estudos reconhecem o potencial de intervenções em edifícios existentes, visto que reduzem o consumo de recursos naturais e de novas áreas. No âmbito do desenvolvimento de projetos sustentáveis, a adoção de ferramentas que auxiliem o projeto integrado e trabalho colaborativo, como a plataforma BIM (Building Information Modeling), tem grande potencial para a identificação e proposição de intervenções sustentáveis, tanto em novas construções como em existentes. Um estudo de caso foi realizado sobre o processo de projeto de reabilitação da sede da PETROBRAS, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O principal objetivo foi identificar o potencial da plataforma BIM na melhoria do desempenho ambiental do edifício – uma das exigências do processo de reabilitação - que considerou como parâmetros os requisitos do sistema de avaliação ambiental AQUA HQE e o Programa Brasileiro de Eficiência Energética PROCEL EDIFICA. Entretanto, houve pouca integração da equipe de projeto através do modelo BIM. Esse artigo apresenta a análise da adoção da Plataforma BIM no projeto de reabilitação do edifício, através do método da Análise de Árvore de Falhas (AAF). Os resultados indicam que o BIM não foi considerado desde o início e a consequência foi a pouca integração do processo de projeto. Entende-se que as funcionalidades do BIM poderiam ter trazido mais dinamismo e integração à gestão do processo de projeto. Portanto, é necessário rever o processo de projeto para incorporar as potencialidades do BIM desde o início do processo, permitindo o trabalho colaborativo.
A geografia vai ao cinema
Authors: Queiroz Filho Antônio Carlos
Published: September 2017

Este artigo refere-se a um recorte adaptado da tese de doutorado do autor, que teve como argumento principal a ideia de que a experiência de ver filmes no mundo contemporâneo é uma experiência geográfica. A ideia central foi a de mostrar como essa dimensão espacial fílmica se configura e de como o cinema, via narrativa de imagem e som, cria, por alusão ou verossimilhança, uma geografia de cinema.
O ideal sanitário e de beleza contido nos estatutos de 1912 da Câmara Municipal da Villa Divinópolis
Authors: Corgozinho Batistina Maria de Sousa
Published: September 2017

Estudo sobre aspectos da política sanitarista anunciada no documento “Estatutos da Câmara Municipal da Villa Divinópolis contendo também o seu Regimento Interno”, aprovado em 20 de novembro de 1912, momento de organização da vida urbana nessa cidade do centro-oeste mineiro para ser aplicado buscando a aquisição de uma cultura urbana pelos seus habitantes.
Políticas educacionais e mídia no Brasil: apontamentos sobre o quadro atual
Authors: Zanchetta Juvenal
Published: September 2017

Este artigo descreve algumas das principais estratégias políticas voltadas para a relação entre a escola e a mídia no país. Destacam-se ações realizadas pela própria mídia na sua relação com a educação formal; as proposições sobre o assunto encontradas nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCNs); as orientações encontradas nos documentos sobre Gestão Escolar; e algumas das iniciativas concretas realizadas pelos organismos de governo. O quadro permite observar a distância havida entre as iniciativas gestadas dentro do campo escolar (envolvendo programas curriculares, programas de gestão e a ação de organismos de governo ligados à área da educação formal) e as propostas externas àquele campo.
Comunicação e Educação na América Latina: desafios políticos e educacionais
Authors: Zanchetta Juvenal
Published: September 2017

O pesquisador Guillermo Orozco Gómez (foto abaixo), professor da Universidade de Guadalajara, México, é um dos principais articuladores do campo de estudos envolvendo comunicação e educação na América Latina. Nesta breve entrevista, este pesquisador trata dos desafios políticos e educacionais a serem enfrentados pelo Brasil, em meio ao avanço das tecnologias de informação e à histórica dissociação entre as áreas de Educação e Comunicação no país. Entrevista concedida a Juvenal Zanchetta.
"A Língua das Mariposas": Narrativa cinematográfica e educação - interpretações e reflexões
Authors: Geribello Wagner José
Published: September 2017

A presente reflexão apresenta algumas sugestões de caminhos interpretativos da narrativa cinematográfica, focadas na produção espanhola "A Língua das Mariposas", dirigida por José Luis Cuerda. As propostas interpretativas são desdobramentos daquelas apresentadas pelo autor em sua tese de doutorado, “A guerra nos filmes e nos jornais: estudo comparativo de narrativas cinematográficas e jornalísticas sobre guerra”. A idéia central é demonstrar que determinado viés de leitura e interpretação do filme pode levar o espectador a refletir sobre alguns aspectos da educação escolar e da relação entre professor e aluno. Ambientado na Galícia, nas primeiras décadas do século passado, o filme é considerado um libelo sobre a Guerra Civil Espanhola (análises críticas observadas no sítio The Internet Movie Database – IMDB). O estudo considera esse aspecto da obra de Cuerda, mas procura orientar mais enfaticamente os comentários e reflexões para as relações entre a personagem principal, um escolar e seu professor de primeiras letras, no ambiente de agitação social e instabilidade política que precedem a fase de combates da Guerra Civil.
Memória, Cidade e Educação das Sensibilidades
Authors: Galzerani Maria Carolina Bovério
Published: September 2017

A temática “Memória, Cidade e Educação das Sensibilidades” foi abordada em reflexões dediversificada origem disciplinar no VII Seminário Nacional do CMU, realizado na Unicamp em fevereiro de 2012.
Os antigos cafés do Recife: a sociabilidade na capital pernambucana (1920–1937)
Authors: Moura Carlos André Silva de
Published: September 2017

As memórias são instrumentos fundamentais para a produção historiográfica. Desde as biografias, os diários e os depoimentos, percebemos o quanto as fontes têm contribuído com as discussões sobre as diversas temáticas, demonstrando especificidades que não podem ser vistas em outras formas de documentação. É a partir de tal abordagem que analisaremos alguns cafés e bares do Recife como espaços de sociabilidade nas primeiras décadas do século XX, observando os debates sobre o cotidiano, suas avaliações políticas e culturais, a divulgação de notícias, as festas e as transformações do espaço citadino.
O coletivo do eu: memória e educação das sensibilidades na experiência estética com a arte pública
Authors: Furtado Rita Márcia Magalhães
Published: September 2017

A arte presente nos espaços públicos da cidade é uma das possibilidades de interlocução do cidadão com o coletivo, com o subjetivo e/ou com o singular e apresenta-se como uma forma de atribuir sentido, evocar as potencialidades da memória e estabelecer novos diálogos. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho objetiva uma reflexão sobre as relações existentes entre os conceitos de experiência estética, educação das sensibilidades e arte pública, mediada pela compreensão do conceito de memória. A fenomenologia apresenta-se como modo mais efetivo de analisar a intersecção dos conceitos propostos.
Generated interior ideals of semigroups in terms of fuzzy subset
Authors: Vijay Peter Selvaraj , Manikantan Thiagarajan
Published: September 2017

Mo and Wang, in 1995, defined and studied the notion of fuzzy interior ideal generated by a fuzzy subset in a semigroup with unity. In this paper, we study the concept of fuzzy interior ideal generated by a fuzzy subset in a semigroup. Our study does not require the existence of unit element. We provide an expression for generated fuzzy interior ideal in terms of  interior ideals generated by the level subsets of the given fuzzy subset. Further, we study the homomorphic image and homomorphic pre-image of generated fuzzy interior ideal in a semigroup.
Model Development to Predict Phenological scale of Table Grapes (cvs. Thompson, Crimson and Superior Seedless and Red Globe) using Growing Degree Days
Authors: Verdugo-Vásquez Nicolas , Pañitrur-De la Fuente Carolina , Ortega-Farías Samuel
Published: September 2017

Phenological models have been made mainly for winegrape cultivars, despite the economic importance of table grapes. The aim of this work was to develop and validate models for predicting phenological scales of table grapes (cvs. Thompson, Crimson and Superior Seedless and Red Globe) grown under semi-arid conditions. Measurements of phenology were carried out weekly from budburst to harvest during four growing seasons (2009-2013). Phenology models were developed using the Mitscherlich monomolecular equation where the dependent and independent variables were the Eichhorn and Lorenz phenological (ELP) scale modified by Coombe and the growing degree days (GDD), respectively. Results indicated that there were strong non-linear correlations between the ELP scale and GDD for the four cultivars with coefficient of determinations (R2) ranging between 0.97-0.99. Also, validation indicated that the models were able to predict ELP scale with a root mean square (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) ranging between 2.1-2.4 and 1.35-1.69, respectively. The prediction variability (expressed in days) was between 4.4-19.4 days, obtaining the best results for the flowering period. This study suggested that the phenological models based on GDD could be useful planning tools for farming, especially from budburst to veraison of table grape cultivars.
EFEKTIFITAS PELATIHAN MEDIA AUDIO-VISUAL TERKAIT ANEMIA IBU HAMIL DALAM PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI PETUGAS PENYULUH KESEHATAN DI KABUPATEN BANYUMAS
Authors: Masfiah Siti , Gamelia Elviera , Ayu Maghfiroh Arrum Firda , Pramasatya Adhika
Published: September 2017

Pregnant suffers anemia can lead to infection and bleeding, which is a major factor in maternal mortality. In 2013 Central Java district recorded 3rd rank of 35 dictricts, at rate 126 per 100,000 live births. Cases of anemia in pregnant women in Banyumas accounted as 68.99%, higher than the national number. Banyumas did anemia counseling in pregnant mothers using leaflets, but did not effective. Health promotion media and materials based on local context are still limited. The ability of health workers are still based on extension activities with lectures, competency to make audio-visual health promotion is still limited. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of audio-visual media training related anemia in pregnant women to increase the competence (knowledge and skills) of health workers in Banyumas.The study was quasy-experimental design with time series method. Population were 58 health educators in Banyumas and it was selected 33 sample by purposively. Data were collected by questionnaires for knowledge, and it was used checklist for observation the skills. For analyze the data’s normality I usedShapiro Wilk, and it used Wilcoxonto analyze the data’s difference.There was a significant difference of knowledge and skills at pretest and posttest I, but there was no significant difference on the posttest 1 and posttest II. Training of audio-visual media-related anemia in pregnant mothers increased the competence of health workers in Banyumas District.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN CAKUPAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DAN INISIASI MENYUSU DINI (IMD
Authors: Santi Mina Yumei
Published: September 2017

Infant mortality rate by Indonesia Demographic Health Survey in 2012 is still quite high at 32 per 1,000 live births and under five year mortality rates of 40 per 1,000 live births. An effort to prevent infant mortality is by breastfeeding soon after birth or so-called early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding. Coverage of exclusive breastfeeding nationwide in 2014 amounted to 52.3% is still below the national target of 80%. The aim of this research was to find the efforts to improve the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding and the early initiation of breastfeeding. The Efforts that can do are empowering people through Mother Support Group, socialize the Government Regulation No. 33 of 2012 on exclusive breastfeeding and breastfeeding counselor provides power. The local government is advised to draw up local regulations that support the implementation of the early initiation of breastfeeding program and exclusive breastfeeding so as to have binding legal force for all parties involved as well as to conduct promotion, monitoring, evaluating and supervising the implementation and achievement of the program exclusive breastfeeding.
Victoria Khiterer. Jewish City or Inferno of Russian Israel? A History of the Jews in Kiev Before February 1917.
Authors: St. Julian-Varnon Kimberly
Published: September 2017

Book review of Victoria Khiterer. Jewish City or Inferno of Russian Israel? A History of the Jews in Kiev Before February 1917. Academic Studies Press, 2016. Jews of Russia and Eastern Europe and Their Legacy, series editor, Maxim D. Shrayer. xx, 474 pp. Illustrations. Tables. Maps. Appendix. Bibliography. Index. $89.00, cloth.
Mark R. Baker. Peasants, Power, and Place: Revolution in the Villages of Kharkiv Province, 1914-1921.
Authors: Gilley Christopher
Published: September 2017

Book review of Mark R. Baker. Peasants, Power, and Place: Revolution in the Villages of Kharkiv Province, 1914-1921.Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, 2016. Distributed by Harvard UP. Harvard Series in Ukrainian Studies. x, 286 pp. Notes. Works Cited. Index. $39.95, paper.
The Ecologically Optimum Application of Nitrogen in Wheat Season of Rice–Wheat Cropping System
Authors: Liang X. Q. , Li H. , He M. M. , Chen Y. X. , Tian G. M. , Xu S. Y.
Published: September 2017

Because excessive application of N fertilizer for crop production leads to environmental pollution and low N utility efficiency, a better understanding of the effects of N application rates on crop yields and NO3–N leaching is required for developing optimum ecological N management that reduces NO3–N leaching while keeping crop yield. Field experiments at two sites in the Taihu region of China were conducted to study the ecologically optimum application of N in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) season of rice (Oryza sativa L.)–wheat cropping system. The experiment at either site had five N rates on wheat (0–360 kg N ha−1 in 90‐kg increments) and NO3–N in leachate were collected by wedge‐shaped fiberglass wick lysimeters. At either site, the N‐wheat yield quadratic response curve was fitted quite well and a significantly linear relationship between N rates and seasonal NO3–N masses in leachate was also found. The calculated economically optimum N rate for wheat was more site related than depending on changing growing conditions from year to year, while the ecologically optimum N rate was significantly different both at sites and growing conditions (P = 0.01). The results suggest that applying the ecologically optimum N rates of 120–180 kg N ha−1 to wheat is beneficial for maximally reducing NO3–N leaching loss but minimally decreasing yield.
The Profitability and Risk of Long‐Term Cropping Systems Featuring Different Rotations and Nitrogen Rates
Authors: Stanger Trenton F. , Lauer Joseph G. , Chavas Jean‐Paul
Published: September 2017

Yield comparisons do not provide the appropriate basis for decision‐making regarding cropping systems. The dominant factor influencing the adoption of cropping systems is economics. The objective of this 15‐yr study was to evaluate the long‐term effect of four N fertilization treatments on the economic returns of seven crop rotations in Wisconsin, based on annual market prices and production costs. The seven crop rotations were continuous corn (Zea mays L.) (CC), continuous alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) (AA), corn‐soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (CS), corn‐alfalfa (CA), corn‐corn‐corn‐alfalfa‐alfalfa (CCCAA), corn‐corn‐oat (Avena sativa L.) with alfalfa seeding‐alfalfa‐alfalfa (CCOaAA), and corn‐soybean‐corn‐oat with alfalfa seeding‐alfalfa (CSCOaA). The four N treatments were 0, 56, 112, and 224 kg N ha−1 for the corn phase. Across all crop rotations, the average return was greatest for the 112 and 224 kg N ha−1 treatments, which returned on average $32 and $85 ha−1 more than the 56 and 0 kg N ha−1 treatments, respectively. Across all N rates, average returns were highest for the CS rotation. The CS rotation returned $58 ha−1 more than the CSCOaA and CCOaAA rotations, $129 ha−1 more than the CCCAA rotation and AA, $224 ha−1 more than the CA rotation, and $269 ha−1 more than CC. Under second degree stochastic dominance, the stochastically efficient treatments were CS at all N rates and CC at 224 kg N ha−1. All other cropping systems were inefficient relative to these five treatments (i.e., they would not be chosen by a risk‐averse decision maker). This research shows that the most profitable systems (CS) remain the most efficient when risk is taken into consideration. However, these results also show that when 224 kg N ha−1 is added, risk can be reduced for continuous corn. Individual circumstances will dictate the optimal choice among the efficient rotations.
No Differences in Decomposition Rates Observed betweenBacillus thuringiensisand Non‐Bacillus thuringiensisCorn Residue Incubated in the Field
Authors: Lehman R. Michael , Osborne Shannon L. , Rosentrater Kurt A.
Published: September 2017

Recent speculation of slower residue decomposition forBacillus thuringiensis(Bt) corn (Zea maysL.) hybrids compared with non‐Bt corn hybrids has prompted investigative study. We evaluated the residue decomposition rates of Bt and non‐Bt corn hybrids over a period of 22 mo under field conditions using the litter bag technique. The four corn hybrids used were (i) DKC60–16 (Bt+, Cry1Ab protein active against the leptidopteran European corn borer, event MON810), (ii) DKC60–12 (Bt+, Cry3Bb1 protein active against the coleopteran corn rootworm, event MON863), (iii) DKC60–14 (stacked Bt++, Cry1Ab and Cry3Bb1 proteins) and, (iv) DKC60–15 (Bt−, base genetics). The biochemical and physical properties of the corn residues were determined. No differences in the decomposition rates of the residue from the four corn hybrids were detected. Residue decomposition rate constants were approximately 0.25 d−1for all four hybrids with predicted residue half‐lives of about 200 d. No differences in compositional properties, including lignin content, were observed among the four hybrids. Physical compression testing of the chopped residue failed to detect significant differences in mechanical strength properties among the hybrids. This is the first report regarding decomposition of Bt corn residue under field conditions following ambiguous reports from laboratory studies on the relative susceptibility of Bt corn residue to decomposition.
Rototillage, Disking, and Subsequent Irrigation
Authors: Calderón Francisco J. , Jackson Louise E.
Published: September 2017

Spring and summer tillage are usually followed by irrigation before planting crops in California's summer‐dry Mediterranean‐type climate. Tillage treatments such as rototillage or disking are known to disturb the soil structure to different extents, but little is known about how the intensity of a tillage event and subsequent irrigation affect the microbial biomass, respiration, CO2efflux, and mineral N of agricultural soils. We carried out an experiment with a Yolo silt loam (fine‐silty, mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic Mollic Xerofluvent) with two tilled treatments (rototillage and disked and rolled) and a nontilled control. The soil was subsequently sampled throughout a 17‐d period. Nine days after tillage, all treatments were lightly sprinkler‐irrigated to bring the soil water potential above −10 kPa. After tillage, the soil ammonium and nitrate content increased rapidly relative to the control with highest increases in the disked soil. Mineral N remained higher in the tilled treatments after irrigation. Rototillage and disking increased the CO2efflux of the soil within 24 h of the disturbance. The increase was higher in the disked soil, which was more than three times the CO2efflux of the control soil at 0.25 h after tillage. This effect may be due to degassing of dissolved CO2since microbial respiration did not increase in tilled soils. Irrigation increased the CO2efflux of all treatments but this was most pronounced in the control soil, which had an order of magnitude increase in CO2efflux after irrigation. An ancillary experiment carried out under similar conditions but with more frequent sampling showed that increases in CO2efflux after irrigation were accompanied by increases in soil respiration. This study shows that different tillage implements affect CO2efflux, nitrate accumulation, and microbial activity, and thus have different effects on soil and atmospheric environmental quality.
Effects of Dissolved Organic Carbon on Sorption and Mobility of Imidacloprid in Soil
Authors: Flores‐Céspedes F. , González‐Pradas E. , Fernández‐Pérez M. , Villafranca‐Sánchez M. , Socías‐Viciana M. , Ureña‐Amate M.D.
Published: September 2017

To evaluate the effects of dissolved organic carbon on sorption and mobility of the insecticide imidacloprid [1‐(6‐chloro‐3‐pyridinyl) methyl‐N‐nitro‐2‐imidazolidinimine] in soils, adsorption and column experiments were performed by using a typical calcareous soil from southeastern Spain and two different types of dissolved organic carbon, that is, dissolved organic carbon extracts from a commercial peat (DOC‐PE) and high‐purity tannic acid (DOC‐TA). The experiments were carried out from a 0.01MCaCl2aqueous medium at 25°C. The results obtained from the sorption experiments show that the presence of both DOC‐PE and DOC‐TA, over a concentration range of 15 to 100 mg L−1, produces in all cases a decreasing amount of imidacloprid adsorbed in the soil studied. From the column experiments the retardation coefficients (RC) were calculated for imidacloprid by using either 0.01MCaCl2aqueous solution (RC = 2.10), 0.01MCaCl2DOC‐PE solution (RC = 1.65), or 0.01MCaCl2DOC‐TA solution (RC = 1.87). The results indicate that mobility of imidacloprid is increased 21.4 and 11.0% in the presence of DOC‐PE and DOC‐TA solutions, respectively. Dissolved organic carbon reduces imidacloprid sorption by competing with the pesticide molecules for sorption sites on the soil surface, allowing enhanced leaching of imidacloprid and potentially increasing ground water contamination.
Quantitative, Chemical, and Mineralogical Characterization of Flue Gas Desulfurization By‐Products
Authors: Laperche Valérie , Bigham Jerry M.
Published: September 2017

The objective of this study was to demonstrate that simple fractionation and selective dissolution techniques can be used to provide detailed chemical and mineralogical analyses of flue gas desulfurization by‐products. The material studied was a mine grout prepared as a 1:1 mixture (wt./wt.) of fly ash (FA) and filter cake (FC) with hydrated lime (50 g kg−1) added to improve handling. The hydrated lime was composed mostly of calcite (CaCO3), portlandite [Ca(OH)2], lime (CaO), and brucite [Mg(OH)2] (515, 321, 55, and 35 g kg−1, respectively) and had low (<6 g kg−1) concentrations of most trace elements. The FC contained hannebachite (CaSO3·0.5H2O) (786 g kg−1) with smaller quantities (<10 g kg−1) of calcite, quartz (SiO2), brucite, and gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O). Except for B and Cu, trace element concentrations were comparable to those in the hydrated lime. The FA contained both magnetic (222 g kg−1) and nonmagnetic (778 g kg−1) fractions. The former was composed mostly of hematite (Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), and glass (272, 293, and 287 g kg−1, respectively), whereas the latter was enriched in glass, quartz, and mullite (Al6Si2O13) (515, 243, and 140 g kg−1, respectively). Etching with 1% HF showed that 60 to 100% of trace elements were concentrated in the glass, although some metals (Co, Cr, and Mn) were clearly enriched in the magnetic phase. The aged grout contained 147 g kg−1ettringite [Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12·26H2O] in addition to 314 g kg−1hannebachite and 537 g kg−1insoluble phases (mullite, quartz, hematite, magnetite, and glass).
Study of defectoscopy of partially biodegradable LDPE films
Authors: Kibirkštis E. , Miliūnas V. , Vaitasius K. , Kabelkaitė Lukoševičė Asta , Stepanenko A. , Ragulskis L.
Published: September 2017

Physical characteristics of the loaded new developed partially biodegradable LDPE polymeric films (containing sorbit, molasses and chitosan additives) with defects and without have been investigated experimentally by using the method of projection moiré. The first eigenmodes are analysed, graphical results of their investigation are presented. It was determined that the shape of the first vibrations eigenmode and the characteristics of vibrations have changed when the polymeric film had a tear defect. The results obtained could be applied for the determination of characteristics and qualities of new developed LDPE polymeric films.
Analysis of the thermo-elastic vibration for axially moving Euler beam
Authors: Xing Xiaoke , Chen Haibo
Published: September 2017

The thermo-elastic vibration response of simple supported axially moving Euler beam is investigated. The differential equation of moving beam is established by recourse to Hamilton principle and the thermal effects is considered by introducing the equivalent thermal bending moment. A 2-D transient temperature field is calculated by the alternating-directional implicit (ADI) method and the equivalent thermal moment is calculated numerically. The dimensionless equation is discretized by Galerkin method and the modal analysis of gyroscopic system is used to calculate the forced vibration response. The time-history curve of the beam’s upper middle point is obtained for thermal or non-thermal situations.
Damping effect on chatter stability of turning and milling processes
Authors: FadulAlmula Mubarak A. M. , Zhu Haitao , Wahab Hassan A.
Published: September 2017

This paper applies damping effect to turning and milling processes in order to enhance their chatter stability while they are in operation. The processes dynamic models and their analytical solutions were presented in detail. The models of the two processes were separately used in MatLab/Simulink with the aid of data from actual cutting tests in order to predict the processes dynamic stability. The developed model and its analytical solution for milling process have been verified by actual milling test. Then the generated stability lobe diagrams with/without damping were compared for each process. The results show that the stable cutting zone is remarkably increased for the employed low cutting speeds. The simulation and experimental results of the damped milling process are consistent. In general, this simulation approach can have practical interest especially in machining of high performance aeronautical hard-to-cut materials.
Localization of vibration effects: the possibilities of dynamic damping of vibrations
Authors: Orlenko Alexey , Eliseev Andrey , Eliseev Sergey
Published: September 2017

. The possibilities of changing the dynamic state of mechanical oscillatory systems are considered on the basis of using additional connections that are implemented by introducing lever mechanisms. Through the example of the problem of the dynamics of a solid body with two degrees of freedom and elastic supports, it is shown that the kinematic impact on the side of the bearing surface can be greatly reduced by a deliberate displacement of the concentrated masses on the elements of the lever device. The method for developing mathematical models is proposed. The results of the experiment are presented.
Automatic calculation of thresholds for load dependent condition indicators by modelling of probability distribution functions – maintenance of gearboxes used in mining conveying system
Authors: Wodecki Jacek , Stefaniak Pawel , Michalak Anna , Wylomanska Agnieszka
Published: September 2017

Limit values for gearbox vibration-based condition indicators are key to determine in order to be able to estimate moment when object is in a need of maintenance. Further decision making process usually might utilize simple if-then-else rule using established threshold values. If diagnostic data takes the values from the Gaussian distribution, finding the decision boundaries is not difficult. Simplistically, that comes down to standard pattern recognition technique for “good condition” and “bad condition” based on probability density functions (PDFs) of diagnostic data. This situation is becoming more and more complicated when distribution is not Gaussian. Such cases require to develop much more advanced analytically solution. In this paper, we present the case of belt conveyor’s gearbox for which PDFs of diagnostic features overlap each other because of strong influence of time varying operating conditions on spectral features. New approach to automatic threshold recognition has been proposed based on modeling diagnostic features with Weibull distribution and using agglomerative clustering to distinguish classes of technical condition, which leads to determination of thresholds separating them.
An unconventional rubber torsional vibration damper with two degrees of freedom
Authors: Píštěk Václav , Kučera Pavel , Nozhenko Olena , Kravchenko Kostiantyn , Svída David
Published: September 2017

Rubber torsional dampers with one degree of freedom are a long-time proven tool for vibration damping in crank mechanisms, especially for passenger cars. Their advantages include, in particular, a relatively simple design and low production costs. The viscoelastic coupling of the damper ring with the basic dynamic system is realized by a rubber spring made of natural or synthetic rubber. The disadvantages of rubber dampers are, in particular, insufficient damping properties of the rubber spring compared with the optimal values resulting from the respective calculation models. This limits the application of rubber dampers to larger power units, such as diesel engines for tractors and trucks. The article deals with the design and optimization of the parameters of an unconventional rubber torsional damper with two degrees of freedom, which even with limited damping parameters of the rubber springs shows a significantly higher damping effect compared to the common design of rubber dampers with one degree of freedom.
Reliability evaluation based on the subspace similarity using vibration signal
Authors: Feng Ding , Zhi Qi
Published: September 2017

In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional reliability analysis based on large samples and statistical methods, a reliability evaluation method of the turboprop engine based on subspace similarity is proposed. The state matrix of vibration signals of the turboprop engine is obtained by the wavelet packet. The subspace of state matrix is constructed by kernel principal component analysis (KPCA). The kernel of the subspace inner product matrix is obtained based on singular value decomposition (SVD). The normalized first nuclear protagonist is treated as the operational reliability index. The method is validated by using the measured data of turboprop engines form an aircraft machinery factory. And it shows that the proposed method is reasonable and feasible, which provides an effective means for the reliability evaluation of machinery under the small sample condition.
Experimental vibration test of the cycloidal gearbox with different working conditions
Authors: Wikło Marcin , Krzysztof Olejarczyk , Krzysztof Kołodziejczyk , Król Kazimierz , Komorska Iwona
Published: September 2017

The article undertakes the problem of vibrations induced in the cycloidal gearbox. The gearbox was calculated, designed and tested by the article authors. To perform the test a testing bench was built. The bench includes electric motors, torque meters and application to control working parameters. The input engine works at constant velocity mode and the braking unit with constant torque mode. The test was made for different configuration of working parameters.
Research on influence of impulse force on vertical vibration of the rail
Authors: Burdzik Rafał , Rozmus Jacek , Nowak Bogusław , Słowiński Paweł
Published: September 2017

The paper presents extended abstract on preliminary research on influence of impulse force on vertical vibration of the rail. Research method was the impulse method for measuring the vibration response at specific points of track. It presents the waveforms of the vibration for the different distance from sensor to impulse point and distribution of the maximum and RMS values.
Proposition of crankshaft stiffness matrix modeling methodology
Authors: Chiliński Bogumił , Klekot Grzegorz , Rodak Dominik
Published: September 2017

The paper presents the proposed methodology of crankshaft stiffness matrix modeling. Geometry and linear-elastic shaft properties are one of common occurrences of torsionally rigid vibration coupling in crank systems. Model and experimental studies require the stiffness of the object in question. In the case of linear-elastic systems it is identical with the definition of its stiffness matrix. In the introduction, the current state of knowledge in the field of identification and modeling of crankshaft dynamics was reviewed. The next chapter presents the research stand for the study of dynamic properties of crank systems. The measurement path was described, its parameters and preliminary results were presented. The next part concerns the dynamic model of the crank system used by the authors and the need for a methodology to determine the stiffness of the shaft in question. The following chapters describe the mathematical description of the proposed methodology and the results of the calculations. The article was finalized with a summary of conclusions drawn from the work carried out.
Five decades of warming: impacts on snow cover in Norway
Authors: Rizzi Jonathan , Nilsen Irene Brox , Stagge James Howard , Gisnås Kjersti , Tallaksen Lena M.
Published: September 2017

Northern latitudes are experiencing faster warming than other regions in the world, which is partly explained by the snow albedo feedback. In Norway, mean temperatures have been increasing since the 1990s, with 2014 being the warmest year on record, 2.2 °C above normal (1961–1990). At the same time, a concurrent reduction in the land area covered by snow has been reported. In this study, we present a detailed spatial and temporal (monthly and seasonal) analysis of trends and changes in snow indices based on a high resolution (1 km) gridded hydro-meteorological dataset for Norway (seNorge). During the period 1961–2010, snow cover extent (SCE) was found to decrease, notably at the end of the snow season, with a corresponding decrease in snow water equivalent except at high elevations. SCE for all Norway decreased by more than 20,000 km2 (6% of the land area) between the periods 1961–1990 and 1981–2010, mainly north of 63° N. Overall, air temperature increased in all seasons, with the highest increase in spring (particularly in April) and winter. Mean monthly air temperatures were significantly correlated with the monthly SCE, suggesting a positive land–atmosphere feedback enhancing warming in winter and spring.
Migrantes mexicanos en los Estados Unidos: Una revisión de la literatura sobre integración, segregación y discriminación
Authors: Pérez-Soria Judith
Published: September 2017

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la literatura sobre integración, segregación y discriminación de migrantes mexicanos que radican en los Estados Unidos, por lo tanto, se revisan diferentes estudios realizados desde las primeras décadas del siglo XX y hasta la actualidad, para mostrar los enfoques teóricos predominantes y los principales hallazgos empíricos. Los resultados muestran que el principal enfoque teórico utilizado es el modelo de la asimilación en sus diferentes vertientes, mientras que los resultados empíricos dan cuenta de la permanencia de patrones de segregación residencial y laboral de la población inmigrante mexicana y de sus descendientes. En cuanto a la discriminación, los estudios son menos frecuentes y los hallazgos son divergentes dependiendo del método que se utilice. Las conclusiones señalan la urgente necesidad de realizar estudios, desde otros enfoques teóricos y con metodologías complementarias, sobre segregación y discriminación de la población mexicana que vive en los Estados Unidos.
Digital Inequality on the US-Mexico Border: A Multigenerational Case Study in Laredo, Texas
Authors: Flores María de los Ángeles , Rojas Viviana , Straubhaar Joseph
Published: September 2017

The purpose of the present study is to determine the cultural and social barriers that are preventing Laredoans from accessing the digital world. This multigenerational study examines how three generations within 16 families relate culturally and socially to technology. Three members from the same family were invited to voluntarily participate in the study, with a total of 48 in-depth, face-to-face interviews being conducted. The present study identified several barriers such as low educational level, low income, lack of English language proficiency, lack of relevant content available in other languages besides English, preference to communicate face-to-face, fear of violence, and endless working hours. Laredo is the least connected city in the nation with 40.2% non-connectivity rate. Research is needed to understand this digital inequity situation in this borderland city. The theoretical framework used is rooted on Straubhaar’s concepts of techno-field, techno-disposition, and techno-capital.
Agriculture Category Advantages and Economic Structures in The Region of West Nusa Tenggara Province
Authors: Muslim Muhamad Hirzan Hadi , Jamhari Jamhari , Darwanto Dwidjono Hadi
Published: September 2017

This research aims to identify [1] the highest agricultural category contribution in the West Nusa Tenggara province; [2] basic or non-basic category in current and future; [3] economic structure changes in the agricultural category; [4] classifying agricultural category. This research by a descriptive method. The data analysis by Location Quotient, Dynamic Location Quotient, Shift-Share and Klassen Typology. The results with the highest contribution to the West Nusa Tenggara GRDP is the agriculture category of 23.5%. The highest contribution of an agricultural category to the agricultural category GRDP in West Nusa Tenggara is a Bima Regency of 46.8%. Based on LQ analysis, forestry and logging categories by 2.41% and fisheries category by 1.16% are categorized as a base, and the agriculture category* (agriculture, farming, hunting and agricultural services) is non-base categories of 0.96%. Based on the DLQ analysis, there is a repositioning structure in agriculture category* that Originally non-base 0.96% to a base 1.00%, as for forestry and logging categories and fishery categories remain base. Based on the shift-share analysis, all categories are positive values, the highest category is agriculture category* 1,528,544,064,778.96 (million) influenced by provincial economic growth, industry mix and the influence of competitive advantage. Based on the Klassen Typology analysis, there are two classifications of agriculture category that is the prime classifi cation (forestry and logging category and fishery category) and potential classifi cation (agriculture category*).
Competitiveness Rice Farming In Sragen Regency
Authors: Suhardedi Cecep , Darwanto Dwidjono Hadi , Irham Irham
Published: September 2017

Rice is indonesian agriculture major crop. Indonesian rice historically has been the primary staple food and is an important economic driver and cultural symbol. On the basis of Sragen regency is one of the major rice producer in Central Java. This research aims to determine the level of private and social profi tability and competitiveness of rice farming in Sragen regency. Policy analysis matrix (PAM) is the approach used to determine the level of profitability and competitiveness of rice farming in Sragen Regency. Sampling conducted by Simple Random Sampling of the 20 districts in Sragen which are rice production area. The results show that the value of profi t for private and social is IDR 9.989.911,16 and IDR 4.273.004,18 respectively. Rice farming in Sragen Regency is profi table and feasible to cultivate. Two indicators to measure the competitiveness were Private Cost Ratio (PCR) which later shows that rice farming in Sragen Regency is more competitive as the PCR < 1, and Domestic Resources Cost Ratio (DRCR) shows that the rice farming has a comparative advantage as the DRCR < 1.
Competitiveness and Export Similarity of Indonesian Horticulture in The Asean-Asean+3
Authors: Chasanah Nur , Mulyo Jangkung Handoyo , Darwanto Dwidjono Hadi
Published: September 2017

In the framework of ASEAN+3 integration, Indonesian horticultural trade is facing a dilemmatic position. Being in the middle of a fi erce competition with benchmark countries, it is important that Indonesia gain the highest profi t from its integration strategy. Evaluation is n of needed to investigate Indonesian’s position in ASEAN +3 horticultural markets and the sustainability of specifi c trading prospect on each member country. Therefore, this study aims to investigate competitiveness and similarity of Indonesian horticultural export structure in intra-ASEAN+3. Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) analysis shows that Indonesian horticulture does not have aggregate competitiveness in ASEAN+3 market. The average of Indonesian RCA decreased from 1,64 in ASEAN level during 1999-2014 to 0,45 in ASEAN+3 level. In addition, based on Export Similarity Index (ESI) analysis, Indonesia has the highest and the most consistent similarity of horticultural export structure with Singapore, both in ASEAN and ASEAN+3 level. Meanwhile, Thailand has the highest level of export structure similarity in ASEAN with ESI index of 93,77. Integration of ASEAN+3 has led to an alteration in trading scheme in which ESI with each member country generally decrease. The highest level of export structure similarity occurs with Singapore with ESI index of 85,95. Overall, the trade of horticultural commodity in the framework of ASEAN+3 integration is dominated by export structure similarity which may lead to a competition between the members of ASEAN+3.
Comparative Study on Implementing Home Air Conditioning for Passenger Carriages in the Indonesian Railway
Authors: Prasetio Hardianto Eko , Malkhamah Siti , Watson Charles , Subarmono Subarmono
Published: September 2017

Passenger comfort is important in railway transport system. The train operator company in Indonesia would like to increase passenger comfort by installing home air conditioning into all existing carriages of the economy train. The air conditioning is expected to give better passenger convince. Therefore, the aims of this research are to know the cooling load and compare characteristic between home Air Conditioning (AC) and train AC. The cooling load calculation is analyzed using Cooling Load Temperature Difference (CLTD)/Solar Cooling Load (SCL)/Cooling Load Factor (CLF) method. Comparison between both home air conditioning and train air conditioning are discussed to identify the benefits and drawbacks of each type. The total heat that needs to be removed from a passenger carriage with home AC is 104,334 Btu/h, while the total cooling capacity of home AC is 75,000 Btu/h. The passenger carriages with train AC have cooling capacity 119,100 Btu/h to remove heat 11,5290 Btu/h. The Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) value of most home AC is higher than train AC, installation time of home AC is shorter than train AC, total cost for 20 years period of home AC is more than train AC. There is no guarantee for home AC, so everything that happens to it will become the full responsibility of train operator company. The train AC control system is more effective than the home AC. No fresh air is permitted to circulate within the home AC system hence, the same air is repeatedly processed in the system. Implementing home air conditioning in the existing passenger carriages is worthwhile for short time period in the goal to increase and improve the level of service provided by giving better comfortability to the passenger.
Model Pengelolaan Ternak di Sekitar Hutan Gunung Mutis dan Dampaknya terhadap Kelestarian Hutan
Authors: Kurniadi Rahman , Purnomo Herry , Wijayanto Nurheni , Fuah Asnath Maria
Published: September 2017

Penelitian ini mengkaji kelayakan finansial dan dampak dari model pengelolaan ternak yang ditemukan di sekitar hutan Gunung Mutis di Pulau Timor. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara terhadap 40 masyarakat sekitar hutan. Terdapat dua model pengelolaan ternak yang ditemukan di sekitar hutan. Model pertama adalah model pemeliharaan ternak di dalam kandang dan model kedua adalah model penggembalaan ternak di hutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua model layak secara finansial. Namun demikian, jika menggunakan biaya tenaga kerja komersial, model pemeliharaan ternak di dalam kandang secara finansial tidak layak untuk dilakukan, sedangkan model penggembalaan di hutan layak secara finansial. Model pengelolaan ternak di dalam hutan berdampak negatif terhadap regenerasi pohon sedangkan model pemeliharaan ternak di dalam kandang tidak berdampak negatif terhadap kelestarian hutan. Dari hasil penelitian disarankan agar pemerintah membatasi areal untuk penggembalaan ternak di hutan.Kata kunci: kelayakan finansial; model silvopasture; Mutis; penggembalaan ternak hutan; Timor Livestock Management Models Around Mt. Mutis Forest and Its Impact on Forest SustainabilityAbstractThe study examined the financial feasibility and impacts of livestock management models found around Mt. Mutis forest in Timor Island of Indonesia. Data was collected through interviewing 40 communities around the forest. There were two livestock management models around the forest, the first model was livestock management which raise livestock in the cattle pen, and the second model was livestock management which graze livestock in the forest. This study found that both livestock management models were financially feasible. However, if commercial cost of workers was counted, the livestock management model which raise livestock in the cattle pen was financially not feasible while livestock management model which graze livestock in the forest was financially feasible. Livestock management model which graze livestock in the forest however had negative impacts on the regeneration of trees. On the basis of this study, it is suggested that the government should limit the forest area that could be used for forest grazing.