bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Operação Oswaldo Cruz
Authors: Marques de Carvalho Erika
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de compreender quais foram as políticas preventivas e assistenciais de saúde e sanitárias realizadas pelo Ministério da Saúde e suas agências, no governo ditatorial de Emílio Garrastazu Médici, para que a construção e a efetivação da rodovia Transamazônica (BR-230) fossem viabilizadas. Desta maneira, compreenderemos a criação da Operação Oswaldo Cruz como resposta às críticas que comparavam a rodovia ao fracasso da Estrada de Ferro Madeira-Mamoré, e algumas das ações de suas agências integradoras, como a Fundação Serviços de Saúde Pública, a Superintendência de Campanhas de Saúde Pública e o Instituto Evandro Chagas.
Integrasi Pendidikan Biologi dalam Konservasi Lembu Putih Taro Berbasis Kearifan Lokal
Authors: Maduriana I Made , Gata I Wayan
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lanjutan dari penelitian sebelumnya tentang lembu putih Taro sebagai konten dan media asli pembelajaran biologi. Pada penelitian ini peneliti berupaya mengungkap pentingnya integrasi pendidikan biologi dalam upaya konservasi lembu putih Taro dan kearifan lokal yang ada di dalamnya. Tujuan penelitian in adalah untuk memetakan pentingnya integrasi pendidikan sains biologi dalam mendukung upaya konservasi lembu putih Taro berbasis kearifan local budaya Hindu Bali berdasarkan analisis SWOT. Penelitian ini berupakan penelitian kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode triangulasi data yaitu observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumen. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif melalui analisis SWOT. Berdasarkan hasil analisis SWOT, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kelemahan dan ancaman upaya pelestarian lembu putih Taro berbasis kearifan local budaya Hindu Bali terletak pada pengelolaan sapi heterozigot karier yang dilahirkan oleh lembu putih Taro. Pembiaran ini secara genetika akan mengancam isolasi genetik lembu putih Taro. Pemahaman konsep biologi sangat penting, khususnya konsep genetika persilangan dalam memberikan pemahaman ilmiah kepada seluruh pihak yang terlibat dalam upaya konservasi lembu putih Taro berbasis kearifan lokal untuk mempertahankan isolasi genetiknya. Dukungan pemahaman konsep biologi dapat membantu konservasi genetis yang berkesinambungan pada konservasi lembu putih Taro berbasis kearifan lokal.
Religião e a Religiosidade brasileira oitocentista
Authors: Oliveira Renan Gomes de , Godoy João Miguel Teixeira de
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo busca estabelecer, analisar e interpretar os relatos dos viajantes estrangeiros John Mawe, Alcide D’Orbigny, Louis e Elizabeth Agassiz, que tratam da religião e da religiosidade brasileira oitocentista (1808-1866). Para tanto, atravessamos um caminho de dois eixos, que perpassam uma investigação de cunho histórico, tencionando o embate entre sujeito e objeto. Em princípio, trata-se de evidenciar uma narrativa religiosa nas entrelinhas dos relatos estabelecidos, buscando sistematizar e, portanto, organizá-los em suas especificidades temáticas e discursivas. Por fim, busca-se ressaltar os relatos que tratam, especificamente, das manifestações da religiosidade popular brasileira, na medida em que esta salta dos relatos enquanto elemento estranho, heterogêneo e marginal. Desta forma, ostenta um retrato interpretativo sobre o universo religioso do Brasil no século XIX, tendo a literatura de viagem como campo de aproximações para com os fenômenos religiosos.
Cristianismo e a religiosidade popular do império romano
Authors: Da Silva Filipe Noé , Funari Pedro Paulo Abreu
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo, propomos uma interpretação sobre o cristianismo desenvolvido nos primeiros séculos que evidencie suas características compartilhadas com outros referenciais religiosos populares do Império Romano nesse mesmo período. Para tanto, realizamos um cotejo entre a tradição textual judaico-cristã e vestígios arqueológicos, referentes sobretudo à religiosidade de grupos sociais desprovidos de pleno direito, com o objetivo de avaliar suas similaridades. Esperamos que esse exercício comparativo possa reiterar a feição mediterrânica da religiosidade cristã.
Linguagem e comunicação na perspectiva do sujeito com esquizofrenia
Authors: Fonseca Victória Costa , Rios Noemi Vieira de Freitas
Published: December 2021

Introdução: a esquizofrenia apresenta um conjunto de sintomas cognitivos, psicóticos, afetivos e emocionais que influenciam a linguagem e o processo comunicativo. Objetivo: refletir sobre o impacto das manifestações linguístico-discursivas da esquizofrenia na comunicação, a partir da perspectiva de sujeitos com esse transtorno mental, além de descrever as principais manifestações linguísticas presentes no discurso desses indivíduos. Método: estudo transversal, descritivo e qualitativo, com modelo de amostragem não probabilística por conveniência, realizado em um Centro de Atendimento Psicossocial. Realizou-se análise de prontuários e entrevista semiestruturada com usuários do serviço de saúde diagnosticados com esquizofrenia. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva, sendo que as entrevistas foram exploradas de forma qualitativa por meio da “Análise Temática do Conteúdo”, após transcrição das falas na íntegra. Resultados: metade dos participantes relatou satisfação e conforto comunicativo, enquanto a outra metade informou dificuldade de comunicação associada a sentimentos de frustração, má disposição, nervosismo e receio de falar em público. Tais sentimentos parecem estar relacionados à postura de desvalorização e estigma do interlocutor perante o discurso de pessoas com esquizofrenia. Observaram-se as seguintes manifestações linguístico-discursivas: descarrilamento e alogia. Não é possível afirmar que uma das manifestações linguístico-discursivas observadas nos participantes, a alogia, esteja associada, exclusivamente, à sintomatologia do transtorno mental, visto que a condição de segregação e estigma social pode ser um fator determinante na redução da produção do discurso. Conclusão: os sintomas de linguagem característicos da esquizofrenia impactam as relações de comunicação dos sujeitos diagnosticados com esse transtorno mental.
Desenvolvimento de um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem sobre linguagem infantil para pediatras
Authors: Martins Aline , Souza Taisa Cristina de , Corrêa Camila de Castro , Maximino Luciana Paula
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: desenvolver e analisar um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA) sobre a aquisição e desenvolvimento da linguagem infantil voltado à orientação de médicos pediatras. Métodos: o conteúdo abordado foi delimitado considerando as dúvidas que os médicos pediatras possuíam sobre a aquisição e o desenvolvimento da linguagem infantil, e construído a partir de revisão da literatura científica. A produção do material seguiu as fases de desenvolvimento de design instrucional englobando análise e planejamento, modelagem, implementação e avaliação. Foram convidados fonoaudiólogos para participar da avaliação da qualidade do conteúdo e dos recursos tecnológicos utilizando o questionário Health-Related Web Site Evaluation Form Emory e o Questionário de Conteúdo desenvolvido pela pesquisadora. Resultados: o conteúdo contemplou as etapas de desenvolvimento da linguagem, principais características e os marcos do desenvolvimento em cada fase. O material confeccionado está disponível no endereço eletrônico http://fonoaudiologiaparapediatras.wordpress.com. Na etapa de avaliação do AVA, participaram 63 fonoaudiólogos que classificaram o blog como excelente para a qualidade e conteúdo. Conclusão: portanto, um AVA, em formato de blog, contendo informações sobre a aquisição e desenvolvimento da linguagem foi desenvolvido a fim de orientar médicos/pediatras desde fases típicas até alterações, prevenção, fases do desenvolvimento e possíveis encaminhamentos.
Notas sobre o discurso de ódio e a censura na peça de teatro A menina e sua sombra de menino
Authors: Sapelli Carlos , Ramos Francieli Loureiro
Published: December 2021

Este artigo objetiva discutir a presença do discurso de ódio e da censura na peça de teatro A menina e sua sombra de menino durante a passagem de sua apresentação pela cidade de Campos Novos/SC, a partir dos pressupostos psicanalíticos de Freud, Lacan e seus contemporâneos. O espetáculo apresenta a história de uma menina que utiliza as brincadeiras para compor o seu mundo e a sua vida subjetiva. No entanto, como há uma diversidade no campo do brincar das crianças, a protagonista se intriga com tamanha variedade e seus usos no tempo peculiar da constituição psíquica. Assim, inevitável foi o encontro com a delimitação preconceituosa na qual impera uma maneira de conceber as brincadeiras consideradas apropriadas às meninas, e, do mesmo modo, as que são apontadas como adequadas aos meninos. Isso torna-se agravante e espantoso na medida em que uma parte da população do mencionado município catarinense manifesta desinformação com ataques virtuais odientos e reprimendas por meio de suas crenças políticas e religiosas com relação à peça. Nesse estudo, apontamos o diálogo em torno da arte na cultura e suas ressonâncias na infância para demonstrar que as crianças se constituem enquanto sujeitos pela singularidade de suas fantasias e de seus desejos.
PROBLEM OF PRESERVATION THE HISTORIC MONASTERY IN NOVY ZAGORIV
Authors: Chen Lesia
Published: December 2021

The architectural and spatial arrangement of the monastery in Novyi Zagoriv is considered. The evolution of its development has been defined and the stages of the monastery's development have been determined. Observation of monastic structures were conducted. Based on the analysis of the technical condition of the monastery buildings that have survived until today, the restoration approaches for preservation the monument have been developed.
ARTISTIC DESIGN OF A REPRESENTATIVE GROUP OF PREMISES IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS OF LVIV IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY
Authors: Hetmanchuk Serhii
Published: December 2021

The article considers the characteristic features and distinctness of the artistic design of representative rooms of public buildings in Lviv in second half of 19th century. Traced the main factors that influenced their formation, both architecturally and artistically. Highlighted in detail the Viennese historicism and its features in interior decoration, which is had influenced and reflected to the Lviv’s public buildings. For a more detailed analysis of the artistic structure, a representative sample was made of key public buildings, both, in Lviv and their analogues in other cities of the empire. There are was included: theaters, universities, Sejms and parliaments, museums, courts and other buildings, which have a wide representative group of premises. Also highlighted there are common trends, direct and indirect quotations, both in the artistic elements and in the overall composition. In addition, was also show up the key figures in art and architecture who were active in the second half of the 19th century in Lviv who made a significant contribution to the formation of the artistic arrangements of public buildings. Instead, was indicate and considered main impact factors: administrative, cultural, artistic, social and educational. There was administrative influence, both direct and indirect. Along with funding from imperial exchequer, the facts of straight directives on the style of decoration of representative premises are known. There was also a direct influence on the formation of schools, workshops and in general on the field of architecture and art. Another important factor is that, both the elites and society was focused in the all spheres of life on the capital of the empire. Especially in the culture, architecture and art. For conclusions, in stylistic terms, the artistic design of representative public buildings in Vienna followed the pan- European tendency of historicism, but stood out in its characteristic features. Since Lviv was part of the administrative structure of the Austrian part of the empire, by analogy with the capital, it had a corresponding list of key public buildings. Comparative analysis reveals many similarities, from the layout of the premises, to the decorative and applied elements of artistic design, and in some cases there is a direct citation. Among the main factors are administrative, cultural, educational and economic, which are manifested both in the form of directives and in socio-cultural imitation the current trend at that time in architecture and art.
PROBLEMS OF RESEARCH OF URBAN DEFENSE COMPLEXES OF CITIES OF THE EASTERN PODOLIA IN THE 16th-18th CENTURIES
Authors: Lytvyncuk Ilia , Rybchynskyi Oleh
Published: December 2021

In this article the authors touch on the methods of fortifications of the cities of Eastern Podillya - the least studied region of Ukraine. Components of long-term urban fortifications are considered as a single system of so-called urban defense complexes. Mandatory components of this system are a defensive castle and fortifications of the middletowns, which are recorded on the maps of military cartographers of the 17th-18th centuries. With this in mind, the authors clarify in the article the strategic importance of Eastern Podillya for the state and consider the development of urban defense complexes on its territory in retrospect. The analyzed sources allow us to speak about two periods of fortification development in Eastern Podillya. The first concerns the subordination of the territory to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the reign of Vytautas I, who expanded to the Black Sea coast and fortified the Southern Bug basin with a chain of fortifications and customs. After the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople and Crimea, trade ties with the south were lost, and its territory became dangerous for Podillya due to raids by nomads. Lithuania lost Vytautas' southern conquests and became completely dependent on Poland as a result of the introduction of a personal union. Subsequently, an administrative and political system identical to other provinces of Poland was introduced on the territory of Eastern Podillya and the Bratslav Voivodeship was formed. After the Union of Lublin, the territory of Bratslav became a source of huge lands for private ownership of magnates, who built their own systems for fortification of their estates, so the state was directly removed from strategic planning of defense of Eastern Podillya, royal power was concentrated only in the main capitals of Vinnytsia and Bratslav. On the basis of field surveys of partially preserved urban defense complexes, the article identifies the main types depending on the compositional and planning features. The location of fortifications on the terrain was also analyzed with the help of Google Earth software capabilities. Comparison of the data of relief cross-sections with the verified data of the foundation of fortified settlements revealed a stable correlation. Thus, the fortifications of the cities that were founded in the first period (Grand Duchy) were located on the heights of capes, ridges, hills, while the fortifications of the later ones were located in the valley. Given the low level of research of Ukrainian cities for the analysis of their defense systems, the authors recommend in further studies to investigate in detail the groups of cities that formed the estate complexes of specific magnate families in Podolia - Kalinov, Zbarazh, Zamoysk, and others for a unified defense system. and highlighting the characteristics of the spatial planning composition.
DETECTION OF FALSIFICATION OF HORILKA BY ADMITTANCE SPECTROSCOPY
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Pokhodylo Yevhen , Kuts Viktor ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Stasyshyn Yuriy ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2021

The methods of quality control of horilka by electrical parameters, in particular, dielectric constant, specific conductivity, and imitation components are analyzed. The research results of individual samples of alcohol solutions and horilkas of different brands by the method of admittance spectroscopy were also analyzed. Based on this, methods for detecting falsification of horilka products by the method of admittance spectroscopy are proposed. The reactive component of the control object's ad is selected as an informative parameter. Two types of falsification are analyzed. The first is the falsification of the original horilka by replacing it with an aqueous-alcohol solution. The second - by replacing one brand of horilka with another. The analysis of the obtained results of researches of two types of objects on reactive components of their admittance in the frequency range 100 Hz100 kHz showed the following: characteristic features of dependencies of reactive components on frequency are revealed; they have been found to have extreme values at different frequencies. The reactive component of the admittance of aqueous-alcohol solutions reaches an extreme value at the beginning of the range. The same component of the original horilkas of different brands has extreme values at the end of the range. Based on this, methods for prompt detection of falsifications are proposed.
THE MEASURING CHANNELS CALIBRATION IN THE INDUSTRY
Authors:   State Enterprise ", Sulyma Oleg ,   Research Institute of Metrology of Measuring and Control Systems", Mykyichuk Mykola ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Zinchuk Iryna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2021

The trend of development of measuring equipment in particular measuring systems and technological processes leads to the need of measuring the temperature without dismantling the primary transducers and stopping the technological process in a very wide range and with high accuracy. The choice of methods and means of measurement depends on such factors as the value of measured temperature, necessary accuracy of measurement, conditions of measurements, and operation of the investigated object. The topicality of the problem is that industrial metrology operates the temperature measuring systems, transducers of which are deployed in such a way that their dismantling is impossible due to the specifics of the process or dangerous for operators’ life (nuclear power plants). Such measuring systems, due to the specifics of their application, are not metrologically provided in the periods between major repairs of controlled objects, thus violating the unity of measurements.
FREQUENCY COMB-COUPLED METROLOGY LASERS FOR NANOPOSITIONING AND NANO MEASURING MACHINES
Authors:   Institute of Process Measurement and Sensor Technology, Ilmenau, Blumröder Ulrike , Füßl Ronald ,   Institute of Process Measurement and Sensor Technology, Ilmenau, Fröhlich Thomas ,   Technical University of Ilmenau, Germany, Manske Eberhard ,   Ilmenau University of Technology, Mastylo Rostyslav ,   Technical University, Ilmenau, Germany
Published: December 2021

This article shows how a direct readout of the interferometric length measurement in nanopositioning machines can be transferred by connecting the metrology laser to a frequency comb line. The approach is based on a GPS-referenced frequency comb with which the stability of the timer (atomic clock via GPS) is transferred to the metrology laser of the nanopositioning and nano measuring machine NPMM-200. The necessary prerequisites for ensuring traceability are discussed. It is demonstrated that with this approach an improvement in the long-term stability of the metrology laser by three orders of magnitude can be achieved.
TRADITIONAL NORTHERN SELKUP TOY
Authors: Степанова Ольга Борисовна
Published: December 2021

Традиционная игрушка северных селькупов, сегодня ими почти забытая, до сих пор никем не исследовалась. Между тем, она представляет собой яркий фрагмент традиционной селькупской культуры. Исследование ставило своей задачей вернуть селькупскому народу этот элемент его культуры в форме научного описания. На основе главным образом музейных материалов и отчасти полевых материалов автора были выявлены и рассмотрены пять типов игрушки северных селькупов, включая шесть видов куклы. Из-за нехватки селькупского материала в исследовании активно использовался метод научной реконструкции. Описания зафиксированных у селькупов типов и видов игрушки воссоздавались по материалам игрушки соседних народов. Попутно устанавливалось, какие традиции — западносибирские и восточносибирские — оказывали влияние на формирование облика того или иного типа/вида игрушки у селькупов. Был рассмотрен вопрос о связи североселькупской игрушки — вещи утилитарного значения — с сакральным или, иными словами, вопрос ее символических смыслов. Автор пришла к выводу, что все типы и виды селькупской игрушки в прошлом были сакральными обрядовыми предметами, и что в семиотическом статусе игрушки соотношение «знакового» и «вещного» со временем сдвинулось в сторону «вещного». Завершенный вид исследованию придали включенные в него материалы по современному состоянию традиционной североселькупской игрушки.

The traditional toy of the northern Selkups, today almost forgotten by them, has not yet been studied by anyone. Meanwhile, it is a vivid fragment of the traditional Selkup culture. The research aimed to return this element of their culture to the Selkup people in the form of a scientific description. Based mainly on museum materials and partly from the author's field materials, five types of toys of the northern Selkups were identified and considered, including six types of dolls. Due to the lack of Selkup material, the method of scientific reconstruction was actively used in the study. Descriptions of the types and types of toys recorded by the Selkups were recreated based on the materials of toys of neighboring peoples. Along the way, it was established which traditions — West Siberian and East Siberian — influenced the formation of the appearance of a particular type / type of toy among the Selkups. The question of the connection between the North Selkup toy — a thing of utilitarian meaning — with the sacred, or, in other words, the question of its symbolic meanings, was considered. The author came to the conclusion that all types and types of Selkup toys in the past were sacred ritual objects, and that in the semiotic status of a toy, the ratio of “sign” and “thing” over time shifted towards the “thing”. The study was completed by the materials included in it on the current state of the traditional North Selkup toy.
ACTIVATION OF MENTAL ACTIVITY AS A PEDAGOGICAL CONDITION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF SENIOR PRESCHOOLERS
Authors: Грибова Елена Петровна
Published: December 2021

Рассматривается вопрос развития познавательной активности детей старшего дошкольного возраста. Развитие данного вида активности зависит от ряда факторов, среди которых можно выделить и педагогические условия. Одним из эффективных педагогических условий выступает максимальная опора на активную мыслительную деятельность детей. Данное условие сподвигает педагогов на применение в образовательной деятельности с детьми разнообразных ситуаций, порождающих у них интеллектуальное затруднение и, как следствие, потребность разрешить и выйти из него. Показано, что данные ситуации могут быть представлены в виде кейсов (кейс-стади), эвристической беседы, «сильных» (открытых, проблемных) вопросов и др. Приведены практические примеры предлагаемых методов стимулирования познавательной активности детей.

The issue of the development of cognitive activity of senior preschoolers is considered. The development of this type of activity depends on a number of factors, among which pedagogical conditions can be distinguished. One of the effective pedagogical conditions for the development of the cognitive activity of older preschoolers is the maximum reliance on the active mental activity of children. The types of problem situations are listed: 1) situationchoice; 2) a situation of uncertainty; 3) conflict situation; 4) situation-paradox; 5) the situation with the hypothesis; 6) situation with the refutation; 7) situation-inconsistency. It is noted that the tension of an older preschooler of intellectual forces to solve tasks or search for an answer to a question is the basis for the development of his mental activity, cognitive interest and the manifestation of activity. The use of situations and questions of a problematic nature by the teacher in work with children of senior preschool age contributes to the intensification of the mental activity of children, thereby increasing their activity in the process of searching for new knowledge and information, the formation of new skills in the cognitive sphere. At the same time, the proposed methods should be used by the teacher not separately from each other, but in aggregate, since they complement each other, involving collective discussion of situations by children and the search for answers, problem solving, and productive cognitive activity. This article provides practical examples of proposed methods to stimulate children’s cognitive activity.
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL BRYOPHYTA DENGAN KAJIAN ISLAM SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF BAHAN AJAR DI ERA NEW NORMAL
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Saragih Linda Amalia , Tanjung Indayana , Tambunan Efrida Pima Sari
Published: December 2021

This study aims to develop additional teaching materials in the form of e-Modul Bryophyta dengan Kajian Islam, as well as to determine the quality of the products developed based on the assessment of several validations, teachers, and students as respondents. The data collection instrument used a questionnaire. Descriptive qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The results of the research obtained indicate that the Bryophyta e-Module with Islamic Studies developed as a whole has the quality Very Fit for use in teaching and learning activities. With the percentage results from material experts of 89.2% with Very Feasible criteria, from media experts of 71.6% with Eligible criteria, from Islamic Religion experts of 82.6% with Very Appropriate criteria and an assessment of the teacher of 82.5% with criteria Very Eligible for use in teaching and learning activities. Meanwhile, the response of students obtained the overall percentage of small and large group tests of 85.2% with very attractive criteria. Thus, it can be concluded that e-Modul Bryophyta dengan Kajian Islam, which was developed with the Borg & Gall model, is feasible and very attractive to be used as teaching material for students in class X MIA in Ma, especially in Bryophyta lessons.
PENGEMBANGAN MAJALAH SAINS DIGITAL BERBASIS LITERASI SAINS PADA MATERI PEMANASAN GLOBAL UNTUK SISWA KELAS VII DI SMP NEGERI 1 RAMBIPUJI
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri K.H Achmad Siddiq Jember, Fitria Mahdia , Habibi Mohammad Wildan
Published: December 2021

This study aims to obtain information on product validation of science literacy-based science magazines in science learning about global warming in class VII and to describe students’ responses to science magazines based on scientific literacy in science learning on the subject of global warming in class VII. This study uses an R&D (Research & Development) development approach with the Hannafin and Peck model which has three learning designs, namely needs analysis (needs assess), design (design), development/ implementation (develop/ implement). The result showed that science literacy-based science magazine teaching materials based on the assessment of material experts met the validation criteria of 95%, media experts met the validation criteria of 86,15%, and student responses stated that they were interesting 87,11%, so that the teaching materials developed met the criteria valid and attractive criteria.
HUBUNGAN SELF CONFIDENCE DENGAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI SISTEM RESPIRASI
Authors:   Universitas Siliwangi, Nurlaela Ela , Mustofa Romy Faisal , Ardiansyah Ryan
Published: December 2021

The material that supports the critical thinking process is the respiratory system concept, but students have difficulty answering questions about the respiratory system concept related to everyday life. This study aims to determine the correlation between self-confidence and students' critical thinking skills on the respiratory system matel. The research method used is a correlational study. The population in this research is all class XI MIPA SMA Negeri 9 Tasikmalaya. Sampling was carried out using a purposive sampling technique of 2 classes, namely XI MIPA 1 and XI MIPA 3. The data analysis technique used was a bivariate correlation regression test with 0,05. Based on the results of the study, shows that there is a correlation between self-confidence and students' critical thinking skills on the material of the respiratory system with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0,454 and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0,207. So that the contribution of self-confidence to critical thinking skills is 20,7% and the rest is influenced by other factors not examined.
Senior High School Students’ Character Traits, Word Problem Analysis Skills and Academic Achievement in Mathematics
Authors: Tamban Victoria , Lagarto Ricky A. , Malabayabas Cristina E.
Published: December 2021

This study was conducted with the purpose of finding out whether the character traits significantly influenced the problem solving analysis skills and academic achievement in mathematics of Senior High School students. It was a descriptive – survey and correlational study which involved 75 students, total enumeration was utilized. Questionnaires were availed to gather the data needed. Frequency count, percentage, weighted mean and chi-square (x2) were employed to arrive at precise and valid results. The findings of the study revealed that character traits of students were varied, however, majority were satisfactory. They practiced acceptable and healthy behaviours in relating with others. Majority of the pupils were above average in their level of problem analysis skills in involving problems in mathematics. Most of them had achieved an academic achievement of satisfactory. They had mastered the skills as per required of them to learn in Mathematics. It was found out that character traits significantly influenced the problem solving analysis skills and academic achievement in mathematics.
INFLUÊNCIA DA IDADE DE OVOS DE TRICHOPLUSIA NI (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) EM FÊMEAS DE TRICHOGRAMMA PRETIOSUM (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) EM DIFERENTES TEMPERATURAS
Authors: Pratissoli Dirceu , Moreira de Araujo Junior Luis , Damascena Alixelhe Pacheco , Milanez André , Romário de Carvalho José , Cristina Oliveira de Freitas Bueno Regiane
Published: December 2021

Objetivamos avaliar a influência da idade dos ovos de Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em fêmeas de Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), em diferentes temperaturas. Assim, ovos de T. ni com idade ≤ 12, ≤ 24, ≤ 36, ≤ 48, ≤ 60 e ≤ 72 horas de desenvolvimento embrionário, separados a temperaturas de 20, 25 e 30 ºC, foram oferecidos para fêmeas de T. pretiosum com até 24 horas de idade. O parasitismo foi inversamente proporcional ao desenvolvimento embrionário do ovo, com maiores taxas de parasitismo observadas para ovos com até 24 horas de desenvolvimento embrionário nas três temperaturas. A viabilidade do parasitismo foi influenciada pela idade dos ovos. Os ovos, com até 36 horas de idade, apresentaram viabilidade superior a 85% nas três temperaturas. A proporção sexual a 25ºC apresentou a melhor taxa dentro da faixa de desenvolvimento embrionário. O número de descendentes do parasitoide por ovo foi influenciado pela temperatura e pela idade dos ovos, sendo a combinação ovos com 60-72 horas à temperatura de 30ºC, a que apresentou o maior quantitativo de descendentes parasitoides por ovo. Esses resultados indicaram que a idade do hospedeiro e a temperatura ambiente podem alterar as características biológicas dos parasitoides.
Seeing Red and Feeling Blue: Social Commentary and Protest in the Work of Michael Reed
Authors: Pauli Dorothee
Published: December 2021

Accounts of politically inspired art occupy the margins of New Zealand art history. The career of Michael Reed (born 1950, Christchurch) offers an opportunity to discuss how a New Zealand artist has responded to shifts in 20th and early 21st century global debates regarding social justice, economic exploitation, cultural domination and war. He works across a range of mainly print-based techniques but has also found international recognition for his technically innovative ‘medals of dishonor.’ Through his frequent involvement in collaborative projects, Reed has become part of national and international networks of artists who attempt to speak for the many victims of geo-political power struggles.
Bibliotecas populares elementales: una política de colecciones para las bibliotecas argentinas durante la década de 1910
Authors: Planas Javier
Published: December 2021

Durante la década de 1910 la Comisión Protectora de Bibliotecas Populares de Argentina formó una colección de libros para fundar bibliotecas en todo el país. El objetivo era consolidar una política cultural de afirmación del sentimiento nacional. Para reconstruir y analizar el catálogo de ese repertorio, se estudia el libro de actas de la entidad, sus publicaciones y otros documentos de interés. Tres aspectos constituyen las variables de análisis: (a) el papel de la Comisión Protectora como productora intelectual de la colección; (b) el modo en el que fueron seleccionados los núcleos temáticos y la manera en que fueron escogidas las obras; (c) las relaciones entre la constitución de una política bibliotecaria y la formación de una colección de lecturas. Entre las principales constataciones, se indica: la confianza en el poder de convencimiento atribuido a la lectura, las características que asumió la colección en relación con los propósitos de su creación y los vínculos con el mercado editorial.
La restitución de la narrativa americana en la escritura de Servando Teresa de Mier
Authors: Rosetti Mariana
Published: December 2021

En este artículo analizamos la actualización de la genealogía histórico-jurídica que realizó Servando Teresa de Mier en su Historia de la Revolución como modelo estratégico y letrado de una restitución narrativa americana, a mitad de camino entre la discursividad política moderna y la discursividad tradicional del antiguo régimen.
Gustavo Lespada (ed.), Escritura del deseo / Deseo de la escritura (Erotismo y sexualidad en la literatura latinoamericana contemporánea). Buenos Aires, Katatay Ediciones, Crítica Literaria, 2020, 270 páginas
Authors: López Alejo
Published: December 2021

Revisión del libro Gustavo Lespada (ed.), Escritura del deseo / Deseo de la escritura (Erotismo y sexualidad en la literatura latinoamericana contemporánea). Buenos Aires, Katatay Ediciones, Crítica Literaria, 2020, 270 páginas.
The issue of preservatives in light of evidence based medicine
Authors: Misiuk-Hojło Marta , Pawłowska Karolina
Published: December 2021

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Most patients will require drug therapy for the rest of their lives. Preservatives play a key role in the development of topical medications whose primary role is to provide antimicrobial activity to maintain sterility. The most common preservative is benzalkonium chloride, which has antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties. This article was written based on the latest research in MEDLINE and other major bibliographic databases for studies published in English by August 1st, 2021. Our meta-analyses confirm that eye drops side effects are not caused solely by the presence of preservatives, and the effectiveness of anti-glaucoma drugs containing benzalkonium chloride and those without preservatives is comparable. During the COVID-19 pandemic, studies showed the protective effect of preservatives against SARS-CoV-2.
Vision impairment as the first symptom of encephalomyelitis in a paediatric patient
Authors: Świerczyńska Aleksandra , Woś Małgorzata
Published: December 2021

An 8-year-old boy was admitted to the Ophthalmology Department due to a vision impairment with an accompanying decrease in visual acuity and bilateral optic disc oedema. As a result of interdisciplinary diagnostics, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, probably related to preceding infection, was diagnosed.
Switching Between Aflibercept and Ranibizumab in the Treatment of Refractory Exudative Age-related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Wichrowska Małgorzata , Kocięcki Jarosław , Suda Wojciech
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Aflibercept and ranibizumab have become the most used drugs in the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration. Some patients; however, do not respond to aflibercept and ranibizumab treatment. Our aim was to determine whether the switch from aflibercept to ranibizumab, and then switchback, is effective in a group of patients poorly responding to aflibercept. We assessed best corrected visual acuity, central retinal thickness, and the presence of intra- and subretinal fluid (respectively).

Material and methods: We conducted a retrospective comparative case series study. Twenty eyes of 20 patients, who had no inhibition of disease activity after at least one year of treatment with aflibercept, were included in the study. If after switch to ranibizumab the response to the drug was again inadequate, we returned to aflibercept. We divided the study population into two groups: treatment- naïve and patients who had received injections before entering the Drug Program for the Treatment of Age-Related Exudative Macular Degeneration.

Results: We observed an improvement in both best corrected visual acuity and central retinal thickness parameters, but only in the treatment-naïve group. We did not observe any statistically credible effects for sub- and intraretinal fluid in the studied groups.

Conclusions: Drug conversion may be beneficial for patients poorly responding to primary therapy. Greater improvement is seen in previously untreated patients.
The role of balanced supplementation in diet of age-related macular degeneration patients
Authors: Kusz vel Sobczuk Iwona , Święch Anna
Published: December 2021

Aim: The aim of the article was to discuss the role of balanced supplementation in diet of age-related macular degeneration patients.

Methods: This review was carried out using comprehensive and systematic literature reports on the role of supplementation of vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, zinc, lutein, zeaxanthin, omega-3 acid and folic acid in the prevention of AMD.

Results: Vitamins, minerals and carotenoids are essential for the proper retinal function over an inflammation and immune response modulation.

Conclusions: Vitamins, minerals and carotenoids discussed in the article have anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties in the management of AMD progression. Accordingly, it is relevant to assure the appropriate level of these nutrients in a diet of AMD patients.
The application of the femtosecond laser in cataract surgery
Authors: Kanclerz Piotr , Pluta Karolina
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Since the introduction, femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) was believed to revolutionize cataract surgery. However, the judgment of clinical benefits was found to be far more complex than initially might have been thought. The aim of this review was to analyze the benefits and drawbacks of FLACS compared to traditional phacoemulsification cataract surgery.
Results: The benefits of FLACS include lower cumulated phacoemulsification time and endothelial cell loss, perfect centration of the capsulotomy, and the possibility to perform precise femtosecond-assisted arcuate keratotomy incisions. The major disadvantages of FLACS are: high cost of the laser and the disposables for surgery, FLACS-specific intraoperative capsular complications, as well as the risk of intraoperative miosis and the learning curve.
Conclusions: FLACS seems to be beneficial in some groups of patients i.e., with low baseline endothelial cell count, or those planning to receive multifocal intraocular lenses. Nevertheless, having considered that the advantages of FLACS might not be clear in every routine case, it cannot be considered as cost-effective.
The role of epithelial thickness mapping in corneal refractive surgery
Authors: Wlaź Aleksandra , Czarnota-Nowakowska Barbara , Wierzbowska Joanna
Published: December 2021

Refractive surgery has stimulated significant progress in anterior segment imaging. Knowledge of epithelial thickness profile considerably increases the efficacy and safety of refractive procedures. This review aims to present new technologies evaluating corneal epithelial thickness and the most important clinical applications in the field of corneal refractive surgery.
Digital model creation and image meticulous processing based on variational partial differential equation
Authors: Wang Pei , Sulaimani Hani Jamal , Kim Sae Hoon
Published: December 2021

In the application of digital model of animation scene, image restoration technology and image denoising technology are the basic tasks of practical operation, which are closely related, but there exist also essential differences. The reason is that both of them want to obtain the original image from the degraded noise image or damaged image, but generally speaking, as there is no sufficient constraint information to accurately recover the original image, both of them are unwell-posed inverse problems. Therefore, on the basis of understanding the basic content and application research status of variational partial differential equations (PDEs), this paper discusses the application value of variational PDEs in image denoising and restoration according to the image processing requirements in the digital model of animation scenes.
Should Russian Military Leaders Opt for Tactical Escalation in the Baltic States and Kaliningrad?1
Authors: Pudāns Col. Kaspars
Published: December 2021

Russia once again pushes its way to emerge as a major power in the international order after losing this status in the modern ‘time of troubles’ in the 1990s. Its political and military strategic leaders demonstrated willingness to employ all instruments of power as means of escalation to achieve this goal. Meanwhile, tactical military commanders are the ones in direct control of military escalation means and therefore their motivations, agility and rationality are also important factor in the Russian escalation processes towards the West. This research will look at these processes through lenses of game and decision-making theories.
Identification of residual force in static load tests on instrumented screw displacement piles
Authors: Krasiński Adam , Wiszniewski Mateusz
Published: December 2021

Occurrence of the so-called residual force of an unknown value significantly disturbs interpretation of static load tests performed on piles equipped with additional measuring instruments. Screw displacement piles are the piling technology in which the residual force phenomenon is very common. Its formation mechanism is closely related to the installation method of this type of piles, which initiates generation of negative pile skin friction without any additional external factors. Knowledge of the value and distribution of a residual force (trapped in a pile shaft before starting the load test) is a necessary condition for the proper interpretation of instrumented pile test results.

In this article, a clear and easy-to-use method of residual force identification, based on the analysis of shaft deformations recorded during pile unloading is presented. The method was successfully verified on two pile examples and proved to be effective and practical.
Prevalence of anxiety and depression among hypertensive patients: a systematic review
Authors: Somaili Mohammed , Kilani Wafaa , Sultan Maryam , Kariri Razan , Majrashi Ebtessam , Alfaifi Nada , Refaei Basmah
Published: December 2021

Hypertension is the elevation in the blood pressure level, and it is responsible for cardiovascular diseases. Depression and anxiety diseases are the most common mental disorders globally. Depression is common among patients with chronic disorders, including hypertension, and there are conflicts regarding the correlation between hypertension and anxiety. To assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression among hypertensive
patients. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for articles on the current subject starting from 2017 to 2021. The included searching terms included \"Prevalence of depression and hypertension, Prevalence of anxiety and hypertension, Anxiety among hypertensive patients, Depression among hypertensive patients.\" The inclusion criteria included full original articles conducted on patients with hypertension and assessed the prevalence of anxiety, depression, or both. We obtained 70 articles; only 10 articles were eligible for the inclusion criteria. The 10 studies included a total number of 2,581 participants and covered 6 countries. The findings of this systematic review showed that the overall prevalence of depression and anxiety ranged from 57.3% to 77.8%. The most-reported factors associated with the prevalence of depression and anxiety among hypertensive patients included gender and educational level. The prevalence of depression and anxiety among hypertensive patients varied based on several factors and the stage of hypertension; however, they were highly prevalent in general. Adequate control of blood pressure is necessary.
Knowledge about the National Center for Mental Health promotion hotline among the adult population in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alghamdi Saleh , Alshahrani Osamah , Alhunaishel Abdullah , Alrashid Maha , Alhnake Alanoud , Alhunaishel Reyouf , Alharbi Abdulmajeed
Published: December 2021

Background: The National Center for Mental Health Promotion (NCMHP) introduced a new hotline in 2013. The center receives a variety of psychological consultations through the number 920033360, which experienced mental health professionals answer. The present study aims at assessing the knowledge about the NCMHP hotline among the adult population in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: This cross-sectional study design was conducted among the Saudi adult population from August 2021 to September 2021. A pre-validated questionnaire was distributed among the study population using an online platform. The questionnaire included a set of questions about the participant\'s socio-demographic characteristics, previous history of mental illness, family history of mental illness, and an assessment of their knowledge regarding the NCMHP. Data were tabulated in Google forms, and all statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26.
Results: 2,910 respondents replied to the questionnaire (49.2% male to 50.8% female). A previous history of mental illness was found among 13.1% and 23.2% of the respondents, respectively. The most common participating age group was 18-30 years old. Of the respondents, 18.7% were aware of the NCMHP hotline service. In univariate analysis, the region of residence and previous and family history of mental illness were the main factors associated with participants\' knowledge about the NCMHP hotline service. In multivariate estimates, previous and family history of mental illness was determined as the significant independent predictors of the NCMHP hotline service knowledge.
Conclusion: The Saudi population had limited knowledge about the NCMHP hotline service. Better knowledge was demonstrated by those with previous or family histories of mental illness.