bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of 5-Fluorouracil 5% Cream in Perianal Condylomata Accuminata Treatment: A Case Report
Authors: Florensia Dea , Setyowatie Lita
Published: April 2021

Background: Condylomata accuminata is a sexually transmitted disease, appeared as verrucous or cauliflower-like papules or warts in the anogenital. It is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), mostly type 6 and 11. The ideal therapy should be simple, inexpensive, effective, does not cause side effects, and can be used by the patient himself. Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) 5% cream therapy for perianal condylomata accuminata treatment. Case: A 24-year-old male presented with a chief complaint of warts around the anal area that multiplied in the past 3 weeks. The acetowhite test was positive. The patient was diagnosed with condylomata accuminata perianal. The patient received 5-FU 5% cream, applied 3 times a week to the lesions for 5 weeks. After 5 weeks, no new warts were found. Discussion: 5-FU 5% cream is a therapeutic option for perianal wart lesions that easily applied, inexpensive, effective, does not cause side effects, and can be used by the patient himself. It is well known as an antimetabolite with a cytotoxic effect that occurs through a mechanism of disruption in the normal synthesis and function of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The treatment with 5-FU 5% cream 3 times a week for 5 weeks provided good results with no side effects were reported. Conclusion: The application of 5-FU 5% cream was a modality of self-application treatment that effective for perianal condylomata accuminata.
INVENTARISASI JENIS BURUNG PANTAI DI KAWASAN PULAU MARSEGU KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT PROVINSI MALUKU
Authors: Seipalla Billy
Published: April 2021

This research was conducted on the island of Marsegu because this area is included in the area of the natural marine tourism park which should be the concern of the government and the community around the island. The study aimed to determine the species of shorebirds found in the Marsegu island region in the western part Seram. The study was conducted in the morning and evening for 2 days at the location which is a gathering place for shorebirds. In the study location, 8 species of shorebirds were found and then inventoried and identified. The number of shorebirds species found in the Marsegu island area was 8 species, among others; Coral egrets (Egratta sacra), Big Egrets (Egretta alba), Trinil Beach (Actitis hypoleucos), Little sea worms (Sterna albifrons), Black wing sea worms (Sterna fuscata), Big (Fregata minor), Sea-eagle belly white (Haliaetus leucogaster), Bondol Hawk (Indus Haliastur), with the dominant species being the Big Cingkalang (Fregata minor). The most common species are large Cikalang (minor Fregata), small sea virgin (Sterna albifrons), and large egret (Egretta alba). Factors that cause the survival of shorebirds on the Marsegu island region because they store a lot of food supplies. In addition, food availability is affected by a lack of human activity in this region and the establishment of this area as a Marine Nature Tourism Park.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI HUTAN LINDUNG GUNUNG SIRIMAU KOTA AMBON
Authors: Lelloltery Henderina , Hitipeuw Jopie Christian , Sahureka Mersiana
Published: April 2021

The study aims to determine the strategy of developing ecotourism based on community participation and stakeholder involvement. The research method used was a survey method by making direct observations to the location of attractions and conducting an inventory of forms of community involvement with interview technique. Then a focus Group Disscusion (FGD) is conducted to get the same perception between the community and stakeholders. Data were analyzed qualitativelvy using SWOT analysis. The results showed that the ecotourism potential in the village of Hukurila was very diverse both in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems including naturan and cultural potentials.The potential of natural tourism consists of Tihulessy  beach, Wailirang beach, Zeu beach, underwater cave with a variety of  coral reefs, waterfalls, beautiful landscape. Cultural potential consists of the “cuci desa ”,  cakalele dance, nyainyai dae dance, ”batu badiri’ and local wisdom ”sasi”.  Community perception shows that 83.3% of respondents agreed to develop ecotourism activities and community participation related to tourism activity planning, implementation of activities and development of tourism facilities supported by tourism stakeholders such as local governments and NGOs: IFAD, Mahina Arika and Walang Perempuan who are actively support tourism activities SWOT analysis shows ecotourism activites in Hukurila village according to quadran I (Aggressive Strategi). This position thinks about how to deal with challenges, but still has strength from an internal perspective.
HABITAT DAN SEBARAN TIKUS BERKANTUNG (Echymipera rufescens) DI PULAU WAMAR KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN ARU
Authors: Larwuy Charolina , Puttileihalat Maya Marsya Silvia , Latupapua Lesly
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this research was to know thehabitat and distribution of MarsupialRats (Echymipera rufescens) on Wamar Island (Wangel Village, Durjela Village, Gunung Sembilan and Back of Wamar Village)Aru Island District. The method used for Marsupial Rats was the catching of wild animals and then the animals that have been capturedin the mark and back again, while for the catching of Marsupial Rats was a tool used is a trap.Analysis of distribution of Marsupial Ratsusing Morista Index while to know the habitat of Marsupial Rats using Line Intercept (line transect) method and the printed path from the analysis to know the pattern of distributionused Morista Index. The result of the research showed that the awareness of the pattern analysis of the Marsupial Rats distribution to the four locations including Wangel Village, Durjela Village, Gunung Sembilan and Back of Wamar Village, from the pattern of horizontal distribution of Marsupial Rats that was the same as random with the index values were Wangel Village was 0.067, Durjela Village was 0.067, Gunung Sembilan village was 0,000, and Back of Wamar village was 0,000. So the pattern of distribution on Wamar Island was random with index value of 0.079. Habitat from the Marsupial Rats own were secondary dryland forest and mixed with shrubs which was his habitat while the feed frm the Marsupial Rats was Galoba, Calladium, Sweet Potato, and Bananas.
ANALISIS PENILAIAN KESEHATAN HUTAN MANGROVE DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TIMUR
Authors: Apriliyani Yeni , Safei Rahmat , Kaskoyo Hari , Wulandari Christine , Febryano Indra Gumay
Published: April 2021

This research was conducted in mangrove forests in Kecamatan Pasir Sakti andKecamatan Labuhan Maringgai in April-June 2019. The stages of this study consisted of observations, interviews with comparative questionnaires (Analytic Hierarchy Process-AHP), making cluster plots to determine the health condition of mangrove forests through forest health monitoring techniques (Forest Health Monitoring-FHM), measurement of forest health, and assessment of forest health. The results of this study indicate that the important indicators of thepriority scale of mangrove forest health indicators in East Lampung Regency are vital indicators (0.4211), site quality (0.2972), biodiversity (0.2282) and productivity (0.0534). The health status of mangrove forests in Kabupaten Lampung Timur varies, starting from good and bad conditions. Good status is in cluster 1 (with a value of 8.92) and cluster 4 (with a value of 8.38), while the bad status is found in cluster 2 (with a value of 3.43) and cluster 3 (with a value of 3.56). The width of each cluster is 4,048.93 m2 so that the health status value of mangroveforests in Kabupaten Lampung Timur is included in the medium category.
ANALISIS PERUBAHAN TUTUPAN LAHAN PADA ZONASI PENGELOLAAN TAMAN NASIONAL BUKIT TIGA PULUH MENGGUNAKAN CITRA LANDSAT
Authors: Achmad Eva , Hamzah Hamzah , Albayudi Albayudi , Priambodo Priambodo
Published: April 2021

Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park is one of the important Nature Conservation Areasin central Sumatra because it has a variety of protected flora and fauna. The aim of this research was to observe the rate of change of land cover in the period 2002-2016 in Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park. The research used remote sensing methods by utilizing satellite imagery data to generate land cover data. This study used the classification of supervised images, where the image classes are self-defined based on field data in the form of coordinate points marked with GPS. The study found that land cover has changed from 2002-2016, where thearea of primary forest has decreased 5.422,80 hectares or with average rate 387,34 hectares/year, secondary forest had an increase of 103,00 hectares or with average rate of 7.35 hectares / year, open land increased 2,243.13 hectares or at an average rate of 160.22 hectares / year, dryland agriculture increased 1,929.69 hectares with an average rate of 137, 83 hectares / year, dryland farming mixed with shrubs increased 641.32 hectares or with an average rate of 45.80 hectares / year, and shrubs increased 505.66 hectares or with an average rate of 36.11 hectares / year. The results of the classification in the management zone, the core zone is dominated by primary and secondary forests while in the jungle zone there is a closure other than forests such as agriculture, shrubs and open land as much as 0.05%.
ANALISIS VEGETASI GULMA PADA BEBERAPA KELAS UMUR ACACIA MANGIUM WILLD. DI HUTAN TANAMAN INDUSTRI (HTI)
Authors: Purnama Sari Widya , Ardi Ardi , Efendi Siska
Published: April 2021

This study was conducted to determine the composition of weed vegetation in Acacia mangium plants and to see differences in the composition of weed vegetation in several age classes of Acacia mangium plants in industrial plantations (HTI). This research was conducted in June to August 2018 in the industrial plantation of PT. Bukit Raya Mudisa (BRM) main road Km 13.7, Jorong Lubuk Mansagu, Kenagarian Koto Nan IV Di Bawah, Sub-district IX Koto, Regency Dharmasraya, Province of West Sumatra. The method used in this research is survey method by laying out the plot by purposive sampling in A. mangium gardens that are 2, 3 and 4 years old. At each age of the plant 2 observation plots were made measuring 40m × 40m in the plot. There were observational sub-plots measuring 1m ×1m in 10 plots of observation on a diagonal line with a total of 60 plots of observation. Based on the results of the analysis, there were 15 species belonging to 10 families. The number of weed species found in class 2, 3 and 4 respectively were 11, 9 and 11 species. The family of weeds that have the most species is the family Poaceae. Weeds are dominant under A. mangim plantations age 2, namely A. gangetica (38.26%), P. crinitum (14.81%) and I. cylindica (14.37%), almost the same as weeds under A.mangium plantations age 3 years namely A. gangetica (31.54%), A. compressus (20.49%), A.sessilis (19.50%), and P. crinitum (14.41%). The dominant age of 4 years weeds are A.gangetica (43.11%), A. sessilis (15.50%), and P. crinitum (15.36%). Weeds that dominate the A.mangium plantations are included in the group of broad-leaved weeds, so weed control is recommended in A. mangium plantations against broadleaf weeds.
PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS PEMANENAN KAYU DI HUTAN ALAM MELALUI KESESUAIAN JUMLAH PEKERJA
Authors: Suhartana Sona , Yuniawati Yuniawati
Published: April 2021

Timber harvesting has a significent role for timber production. In natural forest, the timber production may be increased in line with the efectiveness of forest harvesting. The number of worker in harvesting many contribute to improve natural forest harvesting. Research conducted on forest concession in north borneo the primary and secondary date the direct information based in measurement of log volume and the member of working hours in every activity step of harvesting. While the secondary information derived from the quisionare delivered to field manager apply multiple regressing is used to analysa the relation amongs member of worker used, produktivity in harvesting and production cost. the research finding showed that 1) the number of worker in following activities of cutting, skidding handling and log delivering are about 2, 9, 3 and 9 consecutively; 2) the average of productivity and harvesting cost for the activities of cutting, skidding handling and log delivery are about 38.308 m3/hour, 15.070 m/hour, 67.5 m3/hour, 8.33 m3/hour, while the cost arising for the activities are Rp13.897,44/m3, Rp.48.883,45/m3, Rp. 11.765,6/m3  and Rp. 74.039/m ; 3) the more harvesting workers are not directly increase the logging productivity. it many need some trainings to improved their capabilities; 4) the regression model among the member of worker and productivity of harvesting and production cost is Y=15,346 + 0,326 X1  +3,685X2
ANALISIS FUNGSI PEMASARAN BUAH MANGGIS DI HUTAN RAKYAT DESA AIR KUBANG KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS
Authors: Ningrum Annas Thasya , Herwanti Susni , Kaskoyo Hari
Published: April 2021

Community forests are forests that are built and managed by the community to support the economy. Community forests function in regulating water management, resisting farmers who are relatively small. The types of data used are primary data and secondary data. Data is analyzed in a qualitative descriptive. The results of the study show that the marketing institutions involved are village level collectors, district level collectors, district level wholesalers and retailers. Marketing functions conducted by marketing institutions is the function of exchange in the form of sales and purchase, physical functions of transport and storage and facility functions in the form of standarization, risk and market information.erosion and providing forest products for community needs. One of the plants that contributes in supporting the environment and generating economic value for the community is mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana). In mangosteen marketing, the amount of costs incurred by the marketing institutions involved will cause the greater price difference between farmers and consumers. The purpose of this study is to determine the marketing functions performed by the mangosteen marketing agency. Data collection is done by observation, interview and literature study. Sampling was conducted by census in order to examine the entire population of mangosteen
SISTEM PERBAIKAN EKOFISIOLOGI TANAMAN SENGON (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen ) DI KECAMATAN WAGIR, 161 MALANG
Authors: Wibowo Febri Arif Cahyo , Mieske Putri Rosa Septiana , Syarifuddin Amir , Muttaqin Tatag
Published: April 2021

Sengon plant (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) in Indonesia is one of the types of plants developed in the development of Community Forestry especially in Wagir District, Malang Regency. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of environmental conditions, especially temperature and humidity on stomata density and chlorophyll levels in the plant Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) and analyze the soil nutrient content under the Sengon stand (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) on plant physiology in Sukodadi Village, Wagir District, Malang Regency. The techniques used are field surveys, leaf sampling to measure physiological properties (stomata density and chlorophyll content), and soil sampling to measure soil chemical properties (macro nutrient content), as well as direct observations in the field to measure environmental factors (temperature and humidity). Analysis of the data used is multiple linear regression in SPSS to determine whether there is influence of temperature and humidity on the physiology of stomata and chlorophyll as well as descriptive analysis on soil factors. Research result is that temperature and humadity have an effect on chlorophyll. This support to possibility of temperature and humadity system in the region so that agreed crops will affect the concentration of chlorine.
ANALISA BIAYA PEMANENAN KAYU MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK RIL (Reduced Impact Logging) DI IUPHHK-HA PT. WIJAYA SENTOSA, PAPUA BARAT
Authors: Helmi Muhammad , Rianawati Fonny , Sandiana BES Aurora Putri Modi
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study is to analyze the cost used of forest harvesting activities which consist of logging, skidding, loading, hauling, and unloading using the Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) technique in the natural forest of PT. Wijaya Sentosa, West Papua. Tools used for this research are stationaries, calculators, and laptop. The data that needs to be collected for cost analysis consists of productivity data as primary data that had taken beforehand, secondary data from the company consist of tree species, tree ages, price of heavy equipment, fuel and lubricant usage data, parts replacement data, and operator wage data. The results obtained from this study are the details of estimated production costs for skidding activities amounting to 101,791 IDR/m3, 5,978 IDR/m3 for loading activities, 3,714 IDR/m3 for unloading activities, and 42,767 IDR/m3 for transportation activities. The total cost of harvesting from logging to transportation is 168,750 IDR/m3.
DINAMIKA PERUBAHAN PETA BATAS DAS MALUKA PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Rudianto Rudianto , Kadir Syarifuddin , Kissinger Kissinger , Aryadi Mahrus
Published: April 2021

A study on the dynamics of the Change Dynamics of the Maluka Watershed Boundary Map in South Kalimantan Province, which aims to analyze the Maluka Watershed Boundary is a large-scale approach, analyzing the dynamics of changes in some watershed characteristics (morphological and morphometric aspects) and conducting a policy direction towards the Compilation of the Maluka Watershed Boundary Watershed. The results of the Maluka watershed boundary scale of 1:50.000 there are changes and improvements in watershed boundaries in the downstream watershed due to river drainage, dredging, river displacement caused by human activities, new watersheds formed and SRTM level 30 x 30 m resolution, line repair and correction coastal and river networks and optical remote sensing. Morphometric and morphologic characteristics of Watersheds Significant changes in watershed area and administration area (reduced by 4.678 Ha or 5,3%). Other properties did not change significantly (Hydrologic DAS: 2 sub-watersheds, namely the Bati-Bati sub-watershed and Banyuhirang sub-watersheds), (Watershed shape: elongated (Rc <0,5)), (Slope class: flat 90,24%, steep and rather steep 2,14%), (Altitude/Elevation) Watershed: 2 masl to 50 masl 81,71%, above 300 masl 4,37%), (Watershed orientation: heading east to west in a straight direction, middle watershed symmetrical ballooning), (flow density, index value: 1,09 medium category) and (DAS flow pattern: Dendritic). Policy recommendations are suggested to synchronize the implementation of UU No. 23 Tahun 2014 and UU No. 37 Tahun 2014 in terms of carrying out the mandate of PP. 37 Tahun 2012, namely the implementation of the management of watershed management in the context of conservation of land, water in the ecosystem/watershed unit by giving the mandate to assist the task of sub-affairs management of watershed management from the provincial government to the district / city government.
POTENSI TAMAN MANGROVE PULAU PRAMUKA SEBAGAI DESTINASI EDUTOURISM
Authors: Muzani Muzani , A. Purwindiyanto A. Purwindiyanto , E.S. Meylani E.S. Meylani , R. Andika R. Andika , R. Nurfadilah R. Nurfadilah
Published: April 2021

Mangrove Park of Pramuka Island is an A-list tourism object in Thousand IslandsRegency, Jakarta Special Region Province. Mangrove holds economical and ecological advantage, such as absorbing and storing blue carbon. The storing ability is more durable and one hundred times bigger than land forest. By edutourism, high school students are able to learn in an enjoyable environment about coastal ecosystem and its interaction with human. Qualitative analytical method is used to generate compatibility value and SWOT analytics in order to discuss the potential of Mangrove Park of Pramuka Island as edutourism object for high school student to increase comprehension of blue carbon concept. Promotion and availability of educative supporting aspect may boost more edutourist from high schools all over Jakarta Special Region Province.
DIVERSITAS SPESIES BURUNG DALAM PENENTUAN KUALITAS RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU DI UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG
Authors: Nababan Badia Roy Ricardo , Harianto Sugeng P. , Setiawan Agus
Published: April 2021

University of Lampung (Unila) is one of the Green Open Space (GOS) in Bandar Lampung City which has vegetation. Vegetation in green open space has a role as a wildlife habitat for example birds. Various bird species can be indicators of the quality of open green space at the University of Lampung. This research was conducted to determine the diversity of bird species and as an indicator in determining the index of green space quality at the Unila Campus. Research is conducted from November 2016 to March 2017 and December 2018. The study was conducted at the Unila Campus which is divided into eight blocks. An inventory of the diversity of bird species carried out with concentrated observations in eight blocks. The value of diversity of bird species uses an analysis of shannon-wienner heterogeneity index value and the quality of green open space through the calculation of green space quality index values. Based on the results of the study there were 20 species of birds on the Unila campus. The diversity index of bird species is classified as moderate (H '= 2.74). The GOS quality index at the Unila Campus is 59.2 with the intermediate category.
ANALISIS FAKTOR JUMLAH PENGUNJUNG OBYEK WISATA SRAMBANG PARK NGAWI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Rahayu Erni Mukti , Triwanto Joko , Chanan Mochamad , - Oktavia
Published: April 2021

The aim of this researchs to know the factors that influence number of visitors in Srambang Park tourist attraction. The factors include gender, age of visitors, level of education, family dependents, occupation, income, service, security, cleanliness, facilities, distance. Purposive sampling data collection technique, respondents in this study visitors to the Srambang Park tour with a total of 35 respondents. The data obtained in the field were analyzed using SPSS correlation analysis. The results of the analysis show that the factors that affect the number of visitors are categorized into a) very low (0.00-0.199); gender, occupation, income, service, b) quite strong (0.40-0.599); visitor age, education level, security, c) strong (0.60-0.799); facilities, distance. The management of the Srambang Park area pays attention to environmental sustainability, through planting, conservation of springs and waste management. The existence of Srambang Park tourism object is able to improve the socio-economy of the surrounding community through direct involvement as Srambang Park employees, becoming a motorcycle taxi driver to tourist sites and selling in the Srambang Park area.
PERSEPSI PENGUNJUNG TERHADAP KEGIATAN WISATA DI TAMAN KUPU-KUPU GITA PERSADA
Authors: Kartini Putri Dwi Mei , Winarno Gunardi Djoko , Iswandaru Dian , Setiawan Agus
Published: April 2021

One of the tourist destinations in Wan Abdul Rachman Forest Park in Lampung, which has a variety of butterflies, namely the Gita Persada Butterfly Park. Research development needs to be done so that this park gives visitors satisfaction and the sustainability of butterflies. This study aims to study how visitors perceive tourism activities. The method used through direct observation and closed interviews containing questionnaires with aspects of assessment of facilities and shuttles, accommodation, infrastructure and tourist attractions. The data obtained were analyzed using One Score One Indicator and analyzed using a Likert Scale. The results of the study show that the facilitation and service aspects, as well as infrastructure, are classified as normal, while the tourist objects are classified as good. Visitors' perceptions stated that repairs should be made to the parking area, construction of counters, gift shops, information signs, tourgues, camping ground, homestays, tree houses and photo booths.
POTENSI DAN ETNOBOTANI AGATHIS DI HUTAN PENDIDIKAN FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNPATTI DI NEGERI HONITETU
Authors: Siahaya Ludia , Tetalay Febian F. , Eluwar Vantri , Polhaupessy Patriarex , Louhenapessy Chrisalfa L.
Published: April 2021

The research about Agathis potential and Etnobotany at Education Forest aimed to get data of Agathis sp potential and etnobotany in the Education Forest, Agriculture Faculty, Pattimura University at Honitetu Village. The method used was quantitative descriptive method and qualitative description. To obtain Agathis potential data, a survey technique was carried out and continued by analyzing the data using the Important Value Index to determine its ecological potential. To determine the economic potential of timber forest products by calculating the volume of wood per hectare and non-timber forest products by calculating the dammar yield obtained. Etnobotany data  were collected through interview techniques which were then analyzed and described. Based on the Importand Value Index (IVI), the ecological potential of Agathis increases its dominance value at a higher growth rate. At the seedling level, Agathis occupies the 9th position, at the stake level occupies the 8th position, at the pole level occupies the 5th position, and at the tree level occupies the 2nd position. The economic potential of Agathis timber forest products based on of the volume of wood is 1.000359 m3 / ha. The economic potential of Agathis non-timber forest products for 40 trees can be obtained 120 - 240 kg per 3 months or Rp 4,800,000 to Rp 9,600,000 per year. Gum resin in daily life is used as a fire starter (“tompong api”), torch (lighting) at nihgt, glue (adhesive) and sold as a source of community income. Effort to maintain its sustainability through “Sasi Gereja” and conducting cultivation using natural extraction by individual communities.
PENGARUH DOSIS BIOSERUM TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN GAHARU PADA Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.
Authors: Piancita Giga , - Indriyanto , - Duryat
Published: April 2021

Natural agarwood takes a long time to be formed in nature, therefore an improvement technique was required in order to increase the productivity of Agarwood.  One of these techniques was Bioserum injection into the Aquilaria malaccensis.  Bioserum is a nutritious liquid necessary for fungi to live, grow and produce the agarwood.  The purpose of the research was to determine the best Bioserum dosage, the best time of Bioserum reacted, and the best interaction between the two factors in the formation of agarwood.  Factorial Completely Randomized Design (FCRD) with two factors, namely the dosage of Bioserum and time of Bioserum reacted in the Aquilaria malaccensis, was employed as the research design.  The dosage of Bioserum applicated was 0 ml, 2 ml, 3 ml, and 4 ml with 3 replications.  The time of Bioserum reacted in the Aquilaria malaccensis was 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months.  The results showed that the best dosage of Bioserum to form the agarwood was 4 ml/hole.  The best time of Bioserum reacted in the Aquilaria malaccensis to form the agarwood was 3 months.  The best of interaction between of the two factors to form the agarwood was the Bioserum dosage of 4 ml with the time of Bioserum reacted of 3 months.
KAJIAN KONDISI BIOFOSIK LAHAN DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI DI SUBDAS CIUJUNG HULU, PROVINSI BANTEN
Authors: Naitkakin Egidius , Rachman Latief Mahir , Hidayat Yayat
Published: April 2021

The upstream of a watershed is a buffer zone and it protects the whole watershed. The degradation of a watershed is caused by uncotrolled uses of the land and exploitation of the nature resources such as forest, land, and water. It causes the changes in the carrying capacity of the watershed, especially in biophysical aspects. This research aims to study the watershed biophysical condition in Ciujung Hulu Watershed, Banten Province. Biophysical condition analyzed using Forestry Minister Regulation P.61/Menhut-II/2014 for degraded land class, land cover percentage, and Erosion Hazard Index. The condition of the land, such as degraded land, vegetation cover, and erosion index, analyzed using modification of Forestry Minister Regulation Perdirjen BPDAS PS Nomor P.4/V-SET/2013. The result of the study showed that the percentage of degraded land, vegetation cover percentage, and erosion index were 25,85% (severe degraded land), 9,77% (very low covered), and 30,89 (Very high).
KORELASI SPASIAL FREKUENSI KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN DENGAN AKTIVITAS MANUSIA: STUDI KASUS DI SUB SUB DAS RIAM KANAN PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: - Susilawati , - Syam’ani
Published: April 2021

Forest and land fires are a common phenomenon in several regions of Indonesia. It is assumed that most of the forest and land fires originate from human activities. This study aims to statistically test the spatial correlation between the number of hotspots or the frequency of forest and land fires, to the distance from various types of landuse in the Riam Kanan sub-watershed. The data used in this study are landuse and hotspot data. The spatial correlation analysis in this study was conducted using Euclidean Distance and single regression. Euclidean Distance is used to measure the flat distance between the fire location and the location of human activities. Meanwhile, single regression is used to measure the correlation between the number of fire occurrence points and the flat distance from the location of human activities. The single regression models used are linear, power, exponential, logarithmic, and polynomial. The results showed that the frequency of forest and land fires had a very strong spatial correlation with human activities, especially in the sub-watershed area of Riam Kanan. So it can be stated that the frequency of forest and land fires does have a strong correlation with human activities. The lowest spatial correlation is the distance from the rice fields, and the highest spatial correlation is the distance from the river. However, the number of hotspots increases drastically the more distance it is from the road, and almost approaches zero the farther the road is. Thus, although the spatial correlation with roads is not as high as other land uses, this drastic increase in the number of hotspots indicates that road accessibility has a strong contribution to forest and land fires.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS VEGETASI PAKAN BADAK FASE SEMAI DI ZONA KHUSUS KONSERVASI TAMAN NASIONAL WAY KAMBAS
Authors: Maulana Riyan , - Indriyanto , Bintoro Afif
Published: April 2021

The Sumatran rhinos (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) is the smallest  of the five species of rhinoceros that still alive.  Way Kambas National Park  (TNWK) is captivity semi-insitu of Dicerorhinus sumatrensis.  The Sumatran rhinos are herbivorous with a preference of young tree (seedling), leaves, fruits, and shoots.The importance of knowledge about study of feed sumatran rhinos for conservationof  rhino in TNWK.  The purpose of the study is to identifies rhino feed on seedling growth level in the conservation zones TNWK.  The research used line transect method. The first line and plot determined randomly then the next line and plots was sistematically.  The observation plots had measurement with amount 2m x 2m of seedling growth level in big plot with amount 20m x 20m with spacing between plot in line 500 m with total 98 plots.  The results of this study concluded that there were 28 types of seedling rhino feed which was found to be the most abundant and evenly distributed based on the important value index, are Ixora sp. is 16.73 and then Antidesma neurocarpum Miq is 14.4 and Dillenia excelsa is 10.89. Biodiversity index is 3.57 and evennes index is 0.84.
KERAGAMAN TANAMAN BERKHASIAT OBAT DI KAWASAN HUTAN DENGAN TUJUAN KHUSUS (KHDTK) RANTAU
Authors: Naemah Dina , Pudjawati Eny Dwi
Published: April 2021

One of the forest uses other than wood and the environment is a source of medicinal ingredients. Medicinal substances of natural origin are simplicia. Simplicia is simple plant material, not mixed with other plant parts, for example seeds, leaves, tubers, roots and stems. Communities around the forest area are an important source of information to determine the benefits of plants used for treatment, such as identification of plant species, plant parts used, and processing methods. The purpose of this activity is to inventory the types of medicinal plants and analyze their benefits. The method used is the analysis of vegetation at three locations, secondary forest, grass (Imperata cylindrica) land and plantation forest. Data obtained from the field and interviews with the community. There are 16 species of medicinal plants at all growth levels in the study site. The largest level of mastery of Vitex pinnata species (trees and poles, saplings and seedlings) and undergrowth is that of Imperata cylindrica. Diversity index of medicinal plants is in the low to moderate criteria. The part of the plant that is used the most is the root.
STUDI PERILAKU MAKAN GAJAH SUMATERA (Elephas maximus sumatranus) PADA INDUK DAN ANAK GAJAH DI Elepant Respon Unit (ERU) TEGAL YOSOTAMAN NASIONAL WAY KAMBAS
Authors: Hamdani Reki , Winarno Gunardi Djoko , Darmawan Arif , Harianto Sugeng P.
Published: April 2021

The Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus Sumatranus) has a large body causing the elephant to require very much feed. Age and weight affect the need for the number of parent and child feed. Eating behaviors both in the cage and in the wild include the movement of picking, cutting and chewing. Knowledge of the proportion of the eating behavior of parents and children of elephants will be useful as a reference in the efforts to preserve the Sumatran elephant population in both Insitu and exsitu conservation activities. The aim of the study is to determine the proportion of the daily eating behavior of Sumatran elephants for 24 hours. The research was held in April 2019 at the Elephant response Unit (ERU) Tegal Yoso National Park Way Kambas. The method used is a sampling scan method by calculating the average and percentage values that are in use Microsoft Excel 2007 which will be displayed in the form of graphs and analyses in a descriptive. The results of research data showed that the percentage of behavior is greater than the parent in comparison of children (42.24%) and (28%) With feed that is in the can of natural feed or condensuration and additional feed in the cage. The proportion of feeding to two elephants in the morning to late afternoon (53.93%) Parent and (42.59%) Children. Furthermore, in the afternoon until the morning of the day (30.55%) Parent and (13.42%) Children.
ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN HUTAN OLEH MASYARAKAT DAYAK SIANG DI DESA MUWUN KECAMATAN TANAH SIANG KABUPATEN MURUNG RAYA KALIMATAN TENGAH
Authors: Hadinata Kristian , - Hafizinanor , Itta Daniel
Published: April 2021

Murung Raya District in the middle of the island of Borneo makes this widest district in Central Kalimantan quite isolated. Population centers are separated by hills and mountains. Its natural resources are abundant and have not all been utilized, including coal and gold. This study aims to identify the ecological potential, analyze the management system and determine the performance of forest management by Dayak Siang Communities in Muwun Village, Tanah Siang Subdistrict, Murung Raya District, Central Kalimantan Province. The method used was the interpretation of satellite imagery, sampling techniques, interviews, observation, documentation and performance analysis. The performance value of Forest Areas in Muwun Village, Tanah Siang Subdistrict, Murung Raya District, Central Kalimantan, if viewed in terms of area was not good because 57 ha of natural forest has a level of performance worth 172 with less good category, then in rubber plantations and mixed plantations with an area of 217 ha with a performance value of 315 was very good with a very good category. It can be said that forest management in the Forest area in Muwun Village, Tanah Siang Subdistrict, Murung Raya District Central Kalimantan was less successful because it appeared that around 80% of the forest was ecologically very high on rubber farms and from NTFPs, natural forests have less performance value because the level of community’s awareness to maintain and manage natural forests was still minimal. This happened because they have obtained permission from the Murung Raya Regional Government for forest management on the reason that the local community considered the forest as a source of livelihood to survive.
Kegiatan Wirausaha Penjahit Pakaian Di Desa Bungin Kecamatan Banua Lawas Kabupaten Tabalong
Authors: Hapsari Sri Dewi
Published: April 2021

Banyak yang berwirausaha telah membangun usaha yang sama dengan usaha orang lain yang tidak jauh di sekitarnya, yaitu usaha menjahit pakaian. Ketatnya persaingan usaha menjahit pakaian yang terjadi tetap membuat mereka masih mampu mempertahankan usaha penjahit pakaian. Hal ini terjadi di Desa Bungin Kecamatan Banua Lawas Kabupaten Tabalong. Untuk itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapat gambaran menyeluruh mengenai gambaran kehidupan kewirausahaan penjahit pakaian pada masyarakat Desa Bungin Kecamatan Banua Lawas Kabupaten Tabalong Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Hal yang melatar belakangi dipilihnya usaha penjahit pakaian di Desa Bungin Kecamatan Banua Lawas. Pertama, Coba-coba untuk berwirausaha. Kedua, sengaja ingin berwirausaha. Ketiga, keluarga pengusaha. Keempat, lingkungan sosial, (2) Strategi saat memulai usaha yaitu melihat keadaan pasar atau analisis pasar. Penjahit pakaian pada awal berwirausaha akan memberikan harga yang lebih murah. Strategi lain saat memulai usaha yaitu dengan mencari kerjasama. Strategi bertahannya usaha, strategi yang dilakukan ialah memberikan harga yang lebih murah daripada harga penjahit yang sudah lama dan memberikan kualitas jahitan yang baik. Mendengarkan apa kehendak pelanggan mereka dan memyediakan referensi gambar model pakaian. Berbicara jujur yaitu tidak pernah memberikan harapan-harapan kepada pelanggan. Memberikan potongan harga dan garansi. Mengunggah hasil jahitan ke media sosial dan memasang target penyelesaian jahitan pelanggan. Terakhir adalah menyediakan berbagai variasi aksesoris.  Kata kunci: Wirausaha, Penjahit Pakaian dan Strategi Mempertahankan Usaha.
From Conventional to Virtual Smile Design Systems: A Current Systematic Review
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed , Tharwat Mohamed , Sanad Abdelrahman , Abdelhamid Karim , Ali Hager , Tammam Raafat
Published: April 2021

Without impacting the dental sciences, breakthroughs in technology and applications could not be accomplished. In the advancement of technology and information technology, dentistry and dental materials have been fully active, so much so that they have revolutionized dental techniques. Material & methods; We want to produce the first series of articles in this review on the use of digital techniques and software, such as Smile Concept Digital. The goal is to gather all the findings on the use of this program and to highlight the fields of use. The analysis included forty-nine articles, the latter discussing the use of Digital Smile Design and the area of use. The research aims to classify the dental fields are using "digitization." Change is constant in this field and will be increasing Interest in dentistry by recommending the speed and reliability of outcomes for care planning. Conclusion: As seen in the study, the digital workflow facilitates recovery that is reliable both from an aesthetic and functional point of view. The current area of use of Digital Smile Design techniques in the different branches of medicine and dentistry as well as knowledge have emerged from this research
A Personalized Machine-Learning-enabled Method for Efficient Research in Ethnopharmacology. The case of Southern Balkans and Coastal zone of Asia Minor
Authors: Axiotis Evangelos , Kontogiannis Andreas , Kalpoutzakis Eleftherios , Giannakopoulos George
Published: April 2021

An ethnopharmacology expert faces several challenges when identifying and retrieving documents and resources related to their scientific focus. The volume of sources that need to be monitored, the variety of formats utilized, the different quality of language use across sources, present some of what we call “big data” challenges in the analysis of this data. This study aims to understand if and how the expert can be supported effectively through intelligent tools for the ethnopharmacological research in the Southern Balkans and Coastal zone of Asia Minor. Our work follows an “Expert-Apprentice” paradigm in a crawling process, where the apprentice is a Machine Learning (ML) algorithm, utilizing a combination of Active Learning (AL) and Reinforcement Learning (RL), and the Expert is the human researcher. ML-powered research improved 3.1 times the effectiveness and 5.14 times the efficiency of the domain expert, fetching a total number of 420 relevant ethnopharmacological documents in only 7 hours versus an estimated 36-hour human-expert effort. Therefore, utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools to support the researcher can boost the efficiency and effectiveness of the identification and retrieval of appropriate documents.
A Size-Independent Revision of the Fractal Step Method for Ammonite Sutures
Authors: Marriott Katherine , Chamberlain, Jr. John A.
Published: April 2021

The novel coronavirus has presented specimen-access challenges to geoscientific researchers, including paleobiologists interested in fossil ammonoids. Ammonoid sutures are geometric patterns formed by the intersection of the septa and the shell wall, and have long been a diagnostic tool for ammonite researchers for such applications as species identification, taxonomic relationships, ontogenetic change, functional and evolutionary morphology, and other aspects of ammonoid paleobiology. Without access to specimens in museum and institutional collections, researchers must rely on previously published illustrations and photographs of ammonoid sutures. However, many of these illustrations were published decades ago without an index of scale. Suture tracings lacking a scale bar are not usable by researchers interested in applying the quantitativeness of fractal geometry to the interpretation of septal complexity. Additonally, distortion of the marginal elements of suture geometry occurs due to shell curvature near the venter and umbilicus. The revised approach described here eliminates the problem of missing scale information in fractal analysis of ammonite sutures, making use of just the lateral lobe and adjacent saddle. Our revised method’s non-requirement of a full hemisuture also facilitates comparisons among sutures within an ontogenetic sequence, or sutures from multiple ammonite taxa.
Multichannel Real-Time Electronics Platform for the Estimation of the Error in Impact Localization With Different Piezoelectric Sensors Density
Authors: Capineri Lorenzo , Bulletti Andrea , Marino Merlo Eugenio
Published: April 2021

The work presents a Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) electronic system with real-time ac-quisition and processing for the determination of impact location in laminates. The novelty of this work is the quantitative evaluation of impact location errors using the Lamb wave guided mode S0, captured and processed in real-time by up to eight piezoelectric sensors. The differential time of arrival is used to minimize an error function for the position estimation. The impact energy is correlated to the amplitudes of the antisymmetric (A0 ) mode and the electronic design is de-scribed to avoid saturation for signal acquisition. The same electronic is designed to acquire symmetric (S0 ) low level signals by adequate gain, bandwidth and signal to noise ration. Such signals propagate into a 1.4mm thick aluminum laminate at the group velocity of 5150m/s with frequency frequency components above 270kHz and can be discriminated from the A0 mode to calculate accurately the differential arrival time. The results show that the error is not improved better than S0 wavelength in impact localization by using six out of eight sensors connected to the electronic system.
Existence and Uniquenes Solution of Integral Equations via Common Fixed Point Theorems
Authors: Mani Gunaseelan , Gnanaprakasam Arul Joseph , Li Yongjin , Gu Zhaohui
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we prove some common fixed point theorems on complex partial metric space. The presented results gener- alize and expand some of the literature well-known results. We also explore some of the application of our key results.
Biochemistry, Not Oncogenes, may Demystify and Defeat Cancer
Authors: Kulsh Jay
Published: April 2021

Presence of mutated genes strongly correlates with incidence of cancer. Decades of research, however, has not yielded any specific causative gene or set of genes for the vast majority of cancers. The Cancer Genome Atlas program was supposed to provide clarity but it only gave much more data without any accompanying insight into how the disease begins and progresses. It may be time to notice that epidemiological studies consistently show that the environment, not genes, has the principal role in causing cancer. Since carcinogenic chemicals in our food, drink, air and water are the primary culprit, we need to look at the biochemistry of cancer, with focus on enzymes which carry out any and all transformations in a cell. In particular, attention should be paid to the rate-limiting enzyme in DNA synthesis, ribonucleotide reductase (RnR) which is tightly linked to tumor growth. Beside the circumstantial evidence that cancer is induced at its vulnerable active-site by various carcinogens, there exists experimental proof of its role in initiating retinoblastoma and HPV-related cervical cancers. Blocking the activity of RnR is a certain way to arrest cancer.
Micronutrient provision in a woman during pregravid preparation, pregnancy and breastfeeding. Challenges and prospects
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S.Turgenev, Orel, Russian Federation, Grodnitskaya E.E. , Palchik E.A. ,   Orel State University named after I.S.Turgenev, Orel, Russian Federation, Duyanova O.P. ,   Orel State University named after I.S.Turgenev, Orel, Russian Federation
Published: April 2021

Adequate micronutrient provision in a woman at the stage of pregravid preparation, during pregnancy is very important for its normal course, as well as for the well-being of the woman and her future offspring. In the periconceptional period, throughout pregnancy, as well as during breastfeeding, the need for a number of micronutrients increases. A balanced diet can compensate for it only to some extent, given that in our country there is a deficiency of micronutrients which are essential for the normal course of pregnancy, and the need for their supplement remains from the preconceptional period until the end of lactation. Excessive intake of vitamins carries certain risks: long-term administration of multicomponent vitamin-mineral complexes is associated with an increase in the risk of fetal macrosomia, and as the number of their components increases, so does the probability of pharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic interactions between them. The desire to reach the optimal dosage of one of the components with its true hypovitaminosis can lead to a violation of the dosage of its other components. Thus, nutritional support during pregnancy requires a basic supplement of strictly defined vitamins and microelements essential for normal gestation, such as folic acid, iodine, vitamin D and polyunsaturated fatty acids at dosages corresponding to the daily physiological requirement established for pregnant women. Key words: pregnancy, vitamins, vitamin D, iodine, lactation, micronutrients, polyunsaturated fatty acids, pregravid preparation, folates