bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sternoclavicular joint replacement case report
Authors: Robertson Fabienne Marie-Louise , Mohammed Ali Abdullah , Frostick Simon Peter
Published: March 2018

Introduction:

This report describes the first known sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) replacement with a custom-made prosthesis.

History:

A 42-year-old male who presented post left medial clavicular excision with significant pain and limited range of motion impeding his daily activities and ability to work. The patient subsequently underwent a left SCJ arthroplasty with a custom-made prosthesis. Postoperatively, the patient suffered an anterior dislocation of the prosthetic joint which was successfully rectified and stabilized with soft tissue reconstruction, creating a pseudo-capsule from adjacent tissues of the joint. Thereafter, the patient required a final procedure to remove prominent sutures.

Results:

Currently, the patient has regained full range of motion and is pain free during most activities and has now returned to work, with a plan to review his progress in 1 year. These initial promising results post SCJ replacement with the custom-made prosthesis could potentially lead SCJ reconstruction in an exciting new direction.

Discussion:

More research should be encouraged regarding this nascent operative option, in order to identify the indications, parameters, and effectiveness of SCJ arthroplasty.
The peritrapezial view: New radiograph for evaluating joints around trapezium
Authors: Shin Young Ho , Kim Jihyeung , Baek Goo Hyun
Published: March 2018

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to present a new radiograph of peritrapezial view and examine whether this view could supply clear and reliable radiographs of the joints around trapezium.

Methods:

The radiographs of peritrapezial and Robert views were taken on both hands of the 30 healthy volunteers (15 men and 15 women). The four peritrapezial joints were evaluated by two trained hand surgeons to find out whether these views could clearly show the joint spaces around the trapezium. Intra- and interobserver agreement for evaluation of each joint space and the ratio of joints which both of the two observers rated as clear joint space were compared between peritrapezial and Robert views.

Results:

The κ values of inter- and intra-observer reliability were, respectively, 0.559 and 0.715 in peritrapezial view and 0.462 and 0.355 in Robert view. The ratios of joints, which both of the two observers rated as clear joint space in each of the two time evaluations, were slightly higher in peritrapezial view than Robert view for the thumb carpometacarpal (100% vs. 96.7%) and scaphoid-trapezium joints (100% vs. 93.3%). In addition, these ratios were significantly higher in peritrapezial view than Robert view for the trapezium-index metacarpal (90.0% vs. 46.7%, p < 0.001) and trapezium-trapezoid joints (93.3% vs. 50.0%, p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The peritrapezial view clearly shows the joint spaces around the trapezium. This view showed better inter- and intra-observer reliability for peritrapezial joints than Robert view especially in trapezium-index metacarpal and trapezium-trapezoid joint. This radiograph could provide a preliminary step for evaluating and managing pathologies of the peritrapezial joints.
Incidence and Risk Factors for Overweight and Obesity after Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Kintu Alexander , Liu Enju , Hertzmark Ellen , Spiegelman Donna , Zack Rachel Margaret , Muya Aisa , Sando David , Bärnighausen Till , Fawzi Wafaie
Published: March 2018

Objective:

To describe the incidence of and risk factors for overweight and obesity following antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation.

Methods:

We used Cox proportional hazards models to investigate risk factors for incident overweight and obesity in 79 074 individuals aged 15 years or older who initiated ART in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Results:

Twenty-five percent of the patients became overweight and 10% became obese. The incidence rate of obesity was 3.2 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.1-3.3) in patients who were of normal weight before starting ART and 22.6 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 21.9-23.3) in those who were overweight. Lower CD4 count was associated with a higher risk of overweight and obesity ( P value for trend < .0001).

Conclusion:

There is a high burden of overweight and obesity after starting ART, leading to proportions of these 2 conditions that are similar to those in the general population.
Teacher Math Anxiety Relates to Adolescent Students’ Math Achievement
Authors: Ramirez Gerardo , Hooper Sophia Yang , Kersting Nicole B. , Ferguson Ronald , Yeager David
Published: March 2018

Elementary school teachers’ math anxiety has been found to play a role in their students’ math achievement. The current study addresses the role of teacher math anxiety on ninth-grade students’ math achievement and the mediating factors underlying this relationship. Using data from the National Mindset Study, we find that higher teacher math anxiety is associated with lower math achievement. This relationship is partially mediated by the students’ perception that their teacher believes not everyone can be good at math and is not explainable by teachers’ usable knowledge to teach mathematics. In subsequent analyses, we find that higher teacher math anxiety relates to a reduction in process-oriented (as opposed to ability-oriented) teaching practices, which in turn predict students’ perception of teacher mindset. We argue that math anxious teachers and their use of particular teaching strategies have the potential to shape students’ math achievement and their perceptions of what their teacher believes about math.
Patient Experience of Living with Orofacial Pain: An Interpretive Phenomenological Study
Authors: Hazaveh M. , Hovey R.
Published: March 2018

This study investigated the experience of living with chronic orofacial pain. Participating in this study’s individual in-depth interviews were 6 participants with chronic orofacial pain who were undergoing treatment at a pain clinic. In consideration of the empirical nature of the study, the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed from an interpretive phenomenological approach. The participants in the study experienced various types of loss as a result of chronic pain, such as the loss of employment, self-identity, and the ability to enjoy eating and engaging in social activities. Other findings revealed a disbelief among the families and medical community in the pain reported by the participants in this study. In addition, the current study explores the dissatisfaction of these participants with their journey through the health care system. Previous studies have concentrated on chronic pain predominantly through quantitative methods based on measurements, such as questionnaires. The biomedical aspects of pain are essential to report, yet the emphasis on this can result in overlooking the experience of living with chronic pain. Qualitative methodologies are necessary for gaining a more profound understanding of and appreciation for the individual patient and his or her unique perspective. The present study may benefit those living with chronic pain, since this sharing of experiences can help sufferers feel less isolated in their agony. The current article’s intention is to report these experiences in such a way that chronic pain sufferers and laypeople can comprehend and relate to them. In addition, the findings of this study should promote the knowledge and understanding of health care providers who deal with chronic pain sufferers, so that treatment is provided with more empathy and compassion.

Knowledge Transfer Statement: The findings of the present study may assist health care professionals interacting regularly with sufferers of chronic pain to gain a deeper understanding of the chronic pain experience and how to best support these patients.
The Bifurcated Frontal Sinus
Authors: McCoul Edward D. , Tipirneni Kiranya E.
Published: March 2018

Objectives

Frontal sinus anatomy is complex, and multiple variations of ethmoid pneumatization have been described that affect the frontal outflow tract. In addition, the lumen proper of the frontal sinus may exist as 2 separate parallel cavities that share an ipsilateral outflow tract. This variant has not been previously described and may have implications for surgical management.

Study Design

Case series.

Setting

Tertiary rhinology practice.

Subjects and Methods

Cases with radiographic and intraoperative findings of separate parallel tracts within a unilateral frontal sinus were identified from a consecutive series of 186 patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery between May 2015 and July 2016. Data were recorded including sinusitis phenotype, coexisting frontal cells, and extent of surgery.

Results

Ten patients (5.4%) were identified with computed tomography scans demonstrating bifurcation of the frontal sinus into distinct medial and lateral lumens. All cases were treated with Draf 2a or 2b frontal sinusotomy with partial removal of the common wall to create a unified ipsilateral frontal ostium. Eleven sides had a coexisting ipsilateral agger nasi cell, 7 had a supra‐agger cell, 8 had a suprabullar cell, and 1 had a frontal septal cell. There were no significant complications.

Conclusion

The bifurcated frontal sinus is an anatomic variant that the surgeon should recognize to optimize surgical outcomes. Failure to do so may result in incomplete clearance of the sinus and residual disease. The bifurcated sinus may occur with other types of frontal sinus cells and may be safely treated with endoscopic techniques.
Postoperative Pain Management in Vitreoretinal Surgery for Retinal Detachment: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Massicotte Erika , Hammamji Karim , Landry Tara , Häuser Winfried , Fitzcharles Mary-Ann
Published: March 2018

Purpose:

The purpose of this study is to examine the evidence for postoperative pain management in patients undergoing vitreoretinal surgery for retinal detachment by systematic review.

Methods:

A systematic review of the literature was performed using multiple databases in July 2016 and September 2017. Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts and analyzed selected papers in detail. Included studies assessed patients undergoing vitreoretinal surgery for retinal detachment and described postoperative pain management. Risk of bias was assessed using the criteria outlined in the “risk of bias” tool in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.

Results:

Nine randomized controlled studies comprising 517 patients met the inclusion criteria. Pain management included perioperative peribulbar, sub-Tenon, and retrobulbar anesthetic block; perioperative systemic anti-inflammatory and postoperative systemic and topical anti-inflammatory drugs; and ice compress. Pain scores were assessed with nominal, numerical, and visual analog scales. Risk of bias was low for 2 studies, unclear for 4 studies, and high for 3 studies. All studies reported better postoperative pain scores with the active treatment group except for a single study comparing retrobulbar chirocaine with and without clonidine. No serious adverse events were reported for any of the studies.

Conclusion:

Heterogeneity of studies did not allow for meta-analysis, but qualitative analysis suggests that pain relief can be achieved in the short term with a variety of treatment interventions. Additional study is required to specifically examine pain management strategies according to the characteristics of the anesthesia and surgery as well as the needs of the patient.
Layered double hydroxides: matrices for storage and source of boron for plant growth
Authors: de Castro Gustavo Franco , Ferreira Jader Alves , Eulálio Denise , de Souza Silas Junior , Novais Sarah Vieira , Novais Roberto Ferreira , Pinto Frederico Garcia , Tronto Jairo
Published: March 2018

The increase of the absorption efficiency of boron (B) by plants is essential for increasing crop productivity. The intercalation of B in MgAl layered double hydroxides (LDHs) is an alternative to evaluating how these materials can provide B to plants. In this work, a MgAl LDH intercalated with borate ions (Mg2Al-B-LDH) was synthesized by the constant pH coprecipitation method, and the material produced was evaluated as a matrix for storage and as a source of B for plants. The Mg2Al-B-LDH was characterized by XRD, ATR-FTIR, TGA-DTA, specific surface area, pore size and volume, and SEM. A bioassay was performed to verify the supply of B to plants from the two sources in the forms of H3BO3 and of Mg2Al-B-LDH to sunflower plants grown in pots. The LDH basal spacing value of 12.0 Å is characteristic of intercalation of tetraborate octahydrate ions [B4O5(OH)42−]·8H2O between the layers. There was an increase in the dry matter (DM) and B content of the plants relative to those treatments where no B was added. The lack of statistical difference for plant yield between the two sources of B suggests a lack of stability of the Mg2Al-B-LDH structure under the acidic condition of the soil.
Toward dual hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation and solid-organ transplantation for sickle-cell disease
Authors: Hosoya Hitomi , Levine Jeffrey , Abt Peter , Henry David , Porter David L. , Gill Saar
Published: March 2018

Sickle-cell disease (SCD) leads to recurrent vaso-occlusive crises, chronic end-organ damage, and resultant physical, psychological, and social disabilities. Although hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) is potentially curative for SCD, this procedure is associated with well-recognized morbidity and mortality and thus is ideally offered only to patients at high risk of significant complications. However, it is difficult to identify patients at high risk before significant complications have occurred, and once patients experience significant organ damage, they are considered poor candidates for HSCT. In turn, patients who have experienced long-term organ toxicity from SCD such as renal or liver failure may be candidates for solid-organ transplantation (SOT); however, the transplanted organs are at risk of damage by the original disease. Thus, dual HSCT and organ transplantation could simultaneously replace the failing organ and eliminate the underlying disease process. Advances in HSCT conditioning such as reduced-intensity regimens and alternative donor selection may expand both the feasibility of and potential donor pool for transplantation. This review summarizes the current state of HSCT and organ transplantation in SCD and discusses future directions and the clinical feasibility of dual HSCT/SOT.
Using impressed current cathodic protection systems of pipelines for electromagnetic exploration
Authors: Lindau Tobias , Becken Michael
Published: March 2018

Low-frequency electromagnetic (EM) signals generated by networks of technical infrastructure such as power-lines, pipelines, or railways may provide a cheap and efficient means to perform EM depth sounding of the upper few kilometers of the earth. We attempt to use the signals emitted by an impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) system of a 35 km long gas pipeline segment in northwestern Germany. The installed ICCP system uses a periodical 12 s on/3 s off current switching scheme, which resembles current waveforms used in controlled-source electromagnetics (CSEM). In contrast to CSEM, where a grounded electrical dipole is used as the source, the current flow in pipelines is not constant along its legs. Our efforts are therefore concentrated toward the determination of the temporal and spatial behavior of the electrical current within the investigated pipeline segment. Although the time dependency of the current can be measured directly at the injection point, the spatial distribution is only accessible through indirect observations. We use fluxgate magnetic field measurements at multiple locations directly above the pipeline to infer the local source current and its frequency-dependency and phase lag. We observe that the current decays roughly exponentially away from the injection point, exhibits a position-dependent frequency dependency, and experiences a phase shift that accumulates to more than 30° at the ends of the segment. These effects can be consistently explained with a transmission line model. Having determined the current distribution, we can represent the pipeline as an EM source superposed of point dipoles. The estimated source model allows us to predict the electric (and magnetic) fields at remote locations. To verify our approach, we deploy an array of telluric recorders in the vicinity of the pipeline, estimate the frequency-domain transfer functions, and invert the data into a 3D electrical conductivity model using smoothness-constrained inversion techniques.
Improving Immunohistochemistry Capability for Pediatric Cancer Care in the Central American and Caribbean Region: A Report From the AHOPCA Pathology Working Group
Authors: Santiago Teresa , Hayes Caleb , Polanco Ana Concepción , Miranda Lisa , Aybar Argelia , Gomero Belkis , Orellana Elizabeth , Anglade Fabienne , Toledo González Mázlova Luxely , Ruiz Eduviges , Espino-Durán Moisés , Rodriguez-Galindo Carlos , Metzger Monika L.
Published: March 2018

Accessibility to immunohistochemistry (IHC) is invaluable to proper diagnosis and treatment of pediatric patients with malignant neoplasms. Whereas IHC is widely available in anatomic pathology laboratories in high-income countries, access to it in anatomic pathology laboratories of low- and middle-income countries remains a struggle, with many limitations. To advance the quality of the pathology service offered to children with cancer in areas with limited resources, a 5-day pathology training workshop was offered to pathologists and histotechnologists from various countries of the Central American and Caribbean region. An initial assessment of the workshop participants’ current laboratory capacities was performed, and a regional training center was selected. Didactic and hands-on activities were offered, and review and evaluation of the IHC slides produced during the training course were compared with original slides from the participants’ sites. This model of intensive 5-day training appears to be effective and can potentially be used in other budget-constrained regions. Moreover, it can serve as a continuing education activity for pathologists and histotechnologists, and as part of validations and quality improvement projects to build capacity and develop IHC assay proficiency in low- and middle-income countries.
Proneurotensin Predicts Cardiovascular Disease in an Elderly Population
Authors: Fawad Ayesha , Bergmann Andreas , Struck Joachim , Nilsson Peter M , Orho-Melander Marju , Melander Olle
Published: March 2018

Context

The gut hormone neurotensin promotes fat absorption, diet-induced weight gain, and liver steatosis. Its stable precursor-hormone fragment “proneurotensin” predicts cardiometabolic disease in middle-aged populations, especially in women.

Objective

To test if proneurotensin predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes development in an elderly population and whether there are gender differences in this respect.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Fasting proneurotensin was measured in plasma from 4804 participants (mean age 69 ± 6 years) of the Malmö Preventive Project and subjects were followed up for development of CVD and diabetes during 5.4 years.

Main Outcome Measures

Multivariate adjusted Cox proportional hazard models CVD were used to relate the proneurotensin to the risk of incident CVD and diabetes in all subjects and in gender-stratified analyses.

Results

In total, there were 456 first CVD events and 222 incident cases of diabetes. The hazard ratio [HR (95% confidence interval)] for CVD per 1 standard deviation (SD) increment of proneurotensin was 1.10 (1.01 to 1.21); P = 0.037, and the above vs below median HR was 1.27 (1.06 to 1.54); P = 0.011, with similar effect sizes in both genders. There was no significant association between proneurotensin and incident diabetes in the entire population (P = 0.52) or among men (P = 0.52). However, in women proneurotensin predicted diabetes incidence with a per 1 SD increment HR of 1.28 (1.30 to 1.59); P = 0.025 and an above vs below median HR of 1.41 (1.10 to 1.80); P = 0.007.

Conclusions

In the elderly population, proneurotensin independently predicts development of CVD in both genders, whereas it only predicts diabetes in women.
The Effectiveness of Applying Soft Tissue Bonding Adhesive Composed of 2-Ethyl Cyanoacrylate to Epidural Catheter Fixations Using Film Dressings: An Open-Label, Randomized, Parallel-Group Comparative Study
Authors: Tadokoro Takahiro , Kakinohana Manabu , Navarro Michael , Goya Motoaki , Odo Yuichiro
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND:

Insufficient fixation of an epidural catheter may result in migration of the catheter and eventual catheter failure. However, the best fixation method remains to be established. Aron Alpha A (2-ethyl cyanoacrylate) adhesive is approved for clinical use and can be used for surgical adhesion to both skin and blood vessels. We hypothesized that the addition of Aron Alpha A adhesive to film dressing would result in consistent and dependable catheter fixation.

METHODS:

In this study, 58 women who were scheduled for cesarean delivery under spinal and epidural anesthesia were recruited. Patients were randomly assigned to a control or treatment group. In the control group, the catheter was fixed solely by film dressing. In the treatment group, a small amount of Aron Alpha A was applied at 2 sites along the catheter. The fixation area was then covered by film dressing. The catheter insertion length was recorded after fixation (T0), immediately postoperatively (T1), on postoperative day 1 (T2), and when the catheter was removed (T3). The change in insertion length from T0 to T3 between the 2 groups was the primary outcome measure. The incidence of catheter failure was also recorded. For all comparisons, P < .05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:

Initially, 58 women were enrolled; however, 3 patients were excluded. From the remaining 55 patients, 27 and 28 were assigned to the control and treatment groups, respectively, and were evaluated. The change in insertion length from T0 to T3 was significantly more in the control group compared with the treatment group (−1.9 ± 2.2 vs 0 ± 0 cm, respectively; P < .001). In the control group, 11 catheters (41%) failed; in the treatment group, all catheters provided effective analgesia throughout the study (P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Epidural catheter fixation using film dressing combined with 2-ethyl cyanoacrylate adhesive application at 2 sites along the catheter resulted in secure fixation in patients receiving postoperative epidural analgesia for cesarean delivery.
Separate roles for Med12 and Wnt signaling in regulation of oxytocin expression
Authors: Spikol Emma D. , Glasgow Eric
Published: March 2018

Transcriptional control of oxytocinergic cell development influences social, sexual, and appetite related behaviors, and is implicated in disorders such as autism and Prader-Willi syndrome. Mediator 12 (Med12) is a transcriptional coactivator required for multiple facets of brain development including subsets of serotonergic and dopaminergic neurons. We surveyed hormone gene expression within the hypothalamo-pituitary axis of med12 mutant zebrafish embryos with a focus on oxytocin (oxt) expression. Some transcripts, such as oxt, vasopressin (avp) and corticotrophin releasing hormone (crh) are undetectable in the med12 mutant, while others are upregulated or downregulated to varying degrees. In med12 mutants, the expression patterns of upstream transcriptional regulators of oxytocinergic cell development remain largely intact in the pre-optic area, suggesting a more direct influence of Med12 on oxt expression. We show that Med12 is required for Wnt signaling in zebrafish. However, oxt expression is unaffected in Wnt-inhibited embryos indicating independence of Wnt signaling. In fact, overactive Wnt signaling inhibits oxt expression, and we identify a Wnt-sensitive period starting at 24 hours post fertilization (hpf). Thus, Med12 and repression of Wnt signaling display critical but unrelated roles in regulating oxt expression.
Rationale and design of a multi-center, open-label, randomised clinical trial comparing HIV incidence and contraceptive benefits in women using three commonly-used contraceptive methods (the ECHO study)
Authors: Hofmeyr G. Justus , Morrison Charles S. , Baeten Jared M. , Chipato Tsungai , Donnell Deborah , Gichangi Peter , Mugo Nelly , Nanda Kavita , Rees Helen , Steyn Petrus , Taylor Douglas ,   ECHO Trial Team
Published: March 2018

Background: In vitro, animal, biological and observational clinical studies suggest that some hormonal methods, particularly depot medroxyprogesterone acetate – DMPA, may increase women’s risk of HIV acquisition. DMPA is the most common contraceptive used in many countries worst affected by the HIV epidemic. To provide robust evidence for contraceptive decision-making among women, clinicians and planners, we are conducting the Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) study in four countries with high HIV incidence and DMPA use: Kenya, South Africa, Swaziland, and Zambia (Clinical Trials.gov identifier NCT02550067).

Study design: We randomized HIV negative, sexually active women 16-35 years old requesting effective contraception and agreeing to participate to either DMPA, the copper T 380A intrauterine device or levonorgestrel implant. Participants attend a contraception support visit after 1 month and quarterly visits thereafter for up to 18 months. Participants receive a standard HIV prevention package and contraceptive side-effect management at each visit. The primary outcome is HIV seroconversion. Secondary outcomes include pregnancy, serious adverse events and method discontinuation. The sample size of 7800 women provides 80% power to detect a 50% relative increase in HIV risk between any of the three method pairs, assuming 250 incident infections per comparison.

Ethical considerations: Several WHO consultations have concluded that current evidence on HIV risk associated with DMPA is inconclusive and that a randomized trial is needed to guide policy, counselling and choice. Previous studies suggest that women without a specific contraceptive preference are willing to accept randomization to different contraceptive methods. Stringent performance standards are monitored by an independent data and safety monitoring board approximately every 6 months. The study has been conducted with extensive stakeholder engagement.

Conclusions: The ECHO study is designed to provide robust evidence on the relative risks (HIV acquisition) and benefits (pregnancy prevention) between three effective contraceptive methods.
Management of an incidental radiographic finding of a severely infraoccluded primary molar
Authors: Atia Sara Gahder , Elton Victoria , Woodmason Kirsty
Published: March 2018

Infraocclusion is a term that is used to describe a tooth that is positioned below the occlusal plane owing to a failure of continued eruption. It can be associated with both the primary and the secondary dentition. However, infraocclusion occurs most frequently in the primary dentition with a reported prevalence of 1.3–35.3%. The mandibular first primary molar has been identified as being the most frequently affected tooth. This case reports on the joint orthodontic and surgical management of an incidentally diagnosed severely infraoccluded primary molar. The report also aims to highlight the importance of early diagnosis of infraoccluded teeth.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: To provide a better understanding of the potential clinical sequelae that may occur as a result of infraocclusion and the different options available to manage an infraoccluded primary tooth.
Nursing strategies for the prevention and management of parastomal hernias
Authors: Burch Jennie
Published: March 2018

Parastomal hernias, in which a section of bowel protrudes through the abdominal wall, are a common complication of stoma-forming surgery. This can cause a decrease in a person's quality of life, due to physical discomfort, a highly visible bulge and poor appliance adhesion, leading to leakage of the stoma appliance. Risk factors include the patient's age and health, as well as the physical properties of the stoma and how it was formed. The limited nursing research on the topic recommends that strengthening the abdominal wall by using exercises and support garments can dramatically reduce the incidence of herniation. Should a hernia occur, recommended management options include wearing a support garment or surgical repair, sometimes using a mesh, although hernias often recur after they have been repaired. It is important for stoma care nurses to advise patients how to prevent, as well as treat, this problem.
Imaging the equine neck
Authors: Dixon Jonathon J
Published: March 2018

The equine cervical spine is commonly implicated as the cause of ataxia, proprioceptive reflex deficits and potentially lameness. The cervical spine can be affected by a variety of conditions, including cervical vertebral malformation, articular process joint degenerative joint disease, congenital malformations, fractures and less frequently neoplasia. Surface palpation can only provide minimal diagnostic information, and imaging is therefore typically required. Radiography provides the mainstay of front-line imaging, with the use of laterolateral and oblique projections now commonplace. Advanced imaging options, furthered by the availability of large-bore computed tomography (CT) units, are revolutionising the ability to assess the neck; however, further work is required to fully validate CT myelography as a stand-alone technique to diagnose spinal cord compression. This may have potential to become a gold standard imaging test of the future.
Trying to have fun in ‘No Fun City’: Legal and illegal strategies for creating punk spaces in Vancouver, British Columbia
Authors: Green Katie Victoria
Published: March 2018

Music scenes are sites of a reciprocal relationship that exists between physical spaces and the bodies that occupy them. Music venues, as centralizing nodes within local punk scenes, are integral spaces of socialization in which scene participants actively produce identity, culture and community. If scene participants and the physical venues that they congregate in are engaged in such an active, inter-dependent relationship, then what happens to those participants and their established communities when music venues are shut down? When faced with the dissolution of these gathering places, punk scene participants utilize various spatial tactics of rebuilding or transforming space, even if only a temporary measure to address the demands of the community at large. These strategies may work within established legal guidelines or outside them in an attempt to escape the threat of surveillance. However, additional difficulties may occur within the scene itself when participants disagree not only on which strategy is best but also what type of space most closely conforms to their understanding of what exactly ‘punk’ is or should be. This article conducts a comparison of such strategies via two case studies located within Vancouver, British Columbia: (1) The Cobalt Hotel; and (2) The Safe Amplification Site Society.
Trace elements measurement in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) seeds by neutron activation analysis
Authors: Al-Bachir M. , Sarhil A. , Al-Haddad Th.
Published: March 2018

Plant food are main sources of elements in human nutrition diet and required for proper growth and body development. Present study involved analyzing the elemental profile attributes of apricot seeds in order to obtain a global pattern of apricot seeds. Trace element in seed of 8 apricot cultivars grown in Syria have been determined using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). Total of 28 elements namely Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Chlorine (Cl), Sodium (Na), Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Aluminum (Al), Manganese (Mn), Rubidium (Rb), Iodine (I), Bromine (Br), Cobalt (Co), Antimony (Sb), Molybdenum (Mo), Chromium (Cr), Mercury (Hg), Barium (Ba), Cadmium (Cd), Cerium (Ce), Lanthanum (La), Selenium (Se), Samarium (Sm), Strontium (Sr), Titanium (Ti), Uranium (U) and Vanadium (V) were determined. The elements present in the apricot seed samples were in the range of levels reported in the literature. The results show that the seed of apricot cultivars grown in Syria is rich in the essential macro and micro-nutrients that are of important in dietary point of view.
Escrituras académicas y literacidad: control de la escritura en la educación superior colombiana
Authors: Maldonado García Miguel Ángel
Published: March 2018

En este artículo de reflexión se propone una lectura arqueológica de un archivo conformado por corpus de investigaciones publicadas en español en la última década, que analizan la producción escrita en la educación superior colombiana (ES) y que están signados por dos discursos en tensión: los estudios del lenguaje de corte cognitivo y los estudios lingüístico-culturales. Mediante la lectura arqueológica de corte foucaultiano, se muestra la emergencia de dos escenarios polémicos: a) el discurso de alfabetización académica (AA), que en un principio estaba más cerca de la perspectiva psicognitiva, y el de literacidad, más cercano a la perspectiva cultural; sin embargo, con el paso del tiempo, los teóricos que suscriben ambos discursos han reconocido la importancia tanto de lo cultural como de lo cognitivo, que se nutren mutuamente, generando, así, una opacidad y una fusión discursiva. b) Estos dos discursos crearon un robusto campo investigativo que desestabilizó el modelo de enseñanza y la incompetencia escrituraria de los docentes colombianos para luego controlar la evaluación de la escritura.
Más allá del consumo de imágenes: reflexión sobre la lectura crítica de textos visuales
Authors: Castillo Morales Alexander , Suárez Adriana Yamile
Published: March 2018

En este texto se sistematizan los hallazgos en el ejercicio de caracterización de los procesos de lectura de la caricatura como texto argumentativo visual, en una universidad privada cuya población de referencia son estudiantes de primer semestre. El marco general de este ejercicio investigativo parte de la necesidad de desnaturalizar el consumo de textos visuales a través de un acercamiento crítico en el cual se reconozca el punto de vista que está en juego en cada uno de dichos artefactos culturales. Como consecuencia, se ha buscado el diseño de materiales y actividades con fines pedagógicos que se ocupen de dicho problema, de modo que esta reflexión aporte a la cualificación del componente conceptual en la enseñanza de lectura de textos multimodales, así como su diseño e implementación didáctica.
La narración de los estudiantes de cocina: el lenguaje en la construcción de identidad
Authors: Toledo Cubillos Jose Eder
Published: March 2018

Se presenta una reflexión sobre la importancia del lenguaje en la gastronomía como eje de construcción en la identidad de los estudiantes de cocina. A partir de la función de la narración como principio del reconocernos y como punto esencial para explicar y comprender las relaciones de construcción e interacción del sujeto con su entorno. Para este propósito nos guiará la pregunta: ¿Qué pasa con el discurso de los estudiantes de cocina en un contexto que ha sido permeado por otros vocablos gastronómicos? Para dar una respuesta se hará desde las narraciones orales de un grupo de cocineras tradicionales del Pacífico que residen en la ciudad de Cali. Los diálogos nos llevan, por ahora, a concluir que debe indagarse más en la relación entre el lenguaje y la cocina a través de la narración de los estudiantes como reconocimiento de su identidad; además, invita a una estrategia pedagógica que posibilite una adecuada significación de la cultura gastronómica nacional.
Escritura académica, argumentación y prácticas de enseñanza en el primer año universitario
Authors: Molina María Elena
Published: March 2018

Este artículo muestra cómo docentes de la carrera de Profesorado y Licenciatura en Letras de una universidad pública argentina lograron entramar prácticas de escritura académica con prácticas de enseñanza, a fin de actualizar en sus aulas los potenciales epistémicos de la escritura. Enmarcados en un estudio de casos múltiples, configurado como una investigación didáctica naturalista, los resultados expuestos aquí provienen de dos fuentes de datos: entrevistas a alumnos y recolección de materiales de trabajo (consignas de escritura y producciones de alumnos). El análisis de tales datos estuvo guiado por la codificación y la contextualización, buscando las relaciones de similitud y contigüidad entre ellos. Desde el punto de vista teórico, teniendo como antecedentes los estudios sobre escribir a través del currículum (WAC), esta investigación retoma la noción de transposición didáctica propuesta por Chevallard para caracterizar de qué formas se entraman prácticas de enseñanza con escritura, en particular, cuando los docentes trabajan en sus clases una práctica de escritura disciplinar. Así, hallamos que, para transponer en el aula prácticas de escritura que resultasen potencialmente epistémicas y no propedéuticas, los docentes precisaron trabajar con una escritura argumentativa y vigilar cuidadosamente que las circunstancias de producción de tales prácticas fuesen similares a las que se desarrollan en el ámbito de las comunidades disciplinares a las que aspiran a pertenecer sus alumnos.
Una poética filosófica en la literatura de ciencia ficción desde la perspectiva heideggeriana
Authors: López Chacón Yerson Alejandro
Published: March 2018

El propósito de este artículo es argumentar la existencia de una poética filosófica, bajo el enfoque sociocultural y antropológico, en la literatura de ciencia ficción contemporánea, en particular en la ficción distópica. Para ello, se delimita la configuración de esta poética desde la perspectiva fenomenológica y ontológica heideggeriana, desplegadas en la categoría sobremodernidad, desarrollada por la antropología social. Para tal ejercicio, se aborda la crisis de sentido del hombre actual, bajo el concepto de habitar poético, en la relación construir pensar desde el espacio, el lenguaje y el sujeto, como dimensiones transversales de la investigación. Es fundamental señalar que el diseño metodológico del trabajo está soportado por un principio de organización de los argumentos y sus relaciones entre los distintos autores, fundadas no mediante un estricto orden cronológico, ya que el propositivo de este modelo analítico discursivo consiste en establecer una relación dialógica entre los enfoques que fundamentan, cada uno desde sus propios dominios teóricos y metodológicos, las reflexiones y aportes en la construcción de una poética filosófica, a saber: el enfoque antropológico y sociocultural.
Editorial Vol. 22, N.° 2: Lenguaje y convivencia. El derecho a la palabra
Authors: Quitián Bernal Sandra Patricia
Published: March 2018

El derecho a la palabra es el derecho a vivir en comunidad. En la actualidad, son grandes y variados los retos que la educación, desde diversos escenarios de la cultura, está llamada a asumir. Uno de ellos, y que más cuestiona el papel formador de la escuela y la familia, es su capacidad para formar en valores hacia la co-construcción social, el diálogo y el respeto a la diversidad y a la diferencia, como principios para con-vivir.La importancia que tienen, para nuestra sociedad, la construcción y la vivencia de valores es fundamental. Si bien la familia y la escuela cumplen un papel relevante en este propósito, los demás escenarios de la cultura también educan o des-educan. En 1996, la Misión de Sabios, en el marco de las reflexiones sobre la Colombia del futuro, postuló como recomendación para la educación colombiana el favorecimiento de la equidad, la convivencia y la formación ciudadana. Estas condiciones –en cuanto principios que instalados en el escenario escolar preparan e insertan a los niños y jóvenes en ambientes propicios para el debate, la disertación y el respeto al disentimiento– solo son posibles en y desde el lenguaje.En las últimas décadas ha tomado fuerza la necesidad de reflexionar en torno a la potencialidad del lenguaje en todos los escenarios de la cultura. Las diferentes investigaciones, bien desde la educación o desde áreas afines, validan recurrentemente la capacidad instalada que provee el lenguaje al sujeto y gracias a la cual es posible el desarrollo de lo humano y la realización como seres sociales y autónomos.El derecho a la palabra, cualquiera que sea el sistema semiótico en uso, implica instalar como plano de interacción en la convivencia el encuentro con el otro, la proyección de sí mismo, el autoconocimiento, la expresión de las ideas, los sentimientos y discrepancias implicados en la toma de decisiones responsables consigo mismo y con los demás. Hacer de la escuela un espacio para la liberación de la palabra en este contexto es posible gracias al desarrollo asertivo de las múltiples posibilidades de significación del lenguaje humano. En una sociedad donde la intolerancia y la indiferencia social son parte de la cotidianidad de niños y jóvenes, y les niegan oportunidades de diálogo, participación y con-vivencia, urge desplazar el modelo educativo que insta a la construcción de personas obedientes por un modelo orientado a la formación de sujetos propositivos y creativos.
Involvement of Acute Care Physical Therapists in Care Transitions for Older Adults Following Acute Hospitalization: A Cross-sectional National Survey
Authors: Falvey Jason R. , Burke Robert E. , Ridgeway Kyle J. , Malone Daniel J. , Forster Jeri E. , Stevens-Lapsley Jennifer E.
Published: March 2018

Background and Purpose:

Recent evidence has suggested physical therapist involvement in care transitions after hospitalization is associated with reduced rates of hospital readmissions. However, little is known about how physical therapists participate in care transitions for older adults, the content of care communications, and the facilitators and barriers of implementing evidence-based care transition strategies into practice. Thus, the purpose of this article is to evaluate participation in care transition activities known to influence readmission risk among older adults, and understand perceptions of and barriers to participation in these activities.

Methods:

We developed a survey questionnaire to quantify hospital-based physical therapist participation in care transitions and validated it using cognitive interviewing. It was introduced to a cross-sectional national sample of physical therapists who participate in the Academy of Acute Care Physical Therapy electronic discussion board using a SurveyMonkey tool.

Results and Discussion:

More than 90% of respondents agreed they routinely recommended a discharge location and provided recommendations for durable medical equipment for patients at the time of hospital discharge. Respondents did not routinely initiate communication with therapists in other care settings, or follow up with patients to determine whether recommendations were followed. A majority of respondents agreed their facilities would not consider many key care transition activities to count as productive time.

This survey provides a novel insight into how hospital-based physical therapists participate in care transitions. Communications between rehabilitation providers across care settings are infrequent, even though those communications are recommended to help reduce readmissions. However, administrative barriers were elucidated in this study that may help explain lack of therapist involvement.

Conclusions:

Physical therapists' communications across health care setting about older adults discharging from acute care hospitalization are infrequent, but may represent a meaningful intervention target for future studies. Future research is needed to evaluate best practices for hospital-based physical therapists during care transitions.
Kinetic Analysis of Horizontal Plyometric Exercise Intensity
Authors: Kossow Andrew J. , Ebben William P.
Published: March 2018

Kossow, AJ, DeChiara, TG, Neahous, SM, and Ebben, WP. Kinetic analysis of horizontal plyometric exercise intensity.J Strength Cond Res32(5): 1222–1229, 2018—Plyometric exercises are frequently performed as part of a strength and conditioning program. Most studies assessed the kinetics of plyometric exercises primarily performed in the vertical plane. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the multiplanar kinetic characteristics of a variety of plyometric exercises, which have a significant horizontal component. This study also sought to assess sex differences in the intensity progression of these exercises. Ten men and 10 women served as subjects. The subjects performed a variety of plyometric exercises including the double-leg hop, standing long jump, single-leg standing long jump, bounding, skipping, power skipping, cone hops, and 45.72-cm hurdle hops. Subjects also performed the countermovement jump for comparison. All plyometric exercises were evaluated using a force platform. Dependent variables included the landing rate of force development and landing ground reaction forces for each exercise in the vertical, frontal, and sagittal planes. A 2-way mixed analysis of variance with repeated-measures for plyometric exercise type demonstrated main effects for exercise type for all dependent variables (p≤ 0.001). There was no significant interaction between plyometric exercise type and sex for any of the variable assessed. Bonferroni-adjusted pairwise comparisons identified a number of differences between the plyometric exercises for the dependent variables assessed (p≤ 0.05). These findings should be used to guide practitioners in the progression of plyometric exercise intensity, and thus program design, for those who require significant horizontal power in their sport.
Evaluation of a Procedure for Determining the Converted Strength of Calcium Aluminate Cement Concrete
Authors: Adams Matthew P. , Lute Racheal D. , Moffatt Edward G. , Ideker Jason H.
Published: March 2018

There is renewed interest in North America for the use of calcium aluminate cement (CAC) in infrastructure repair because of its ability to gain strength rapidly even at low temperatures, the ability to customize its fresh workability, and its durability in adverse environments. Conversion of the hydration products of concrete where CAC is the only binder is a well-known phenomenon that is typically accompanied by strength loss, the rate and extent of which is dependent on the temperature history of the concrete, the w/cm, the cement content, and the concrete mixture design. An accelerated method of determining the converted strength of CAC concrete that is convenient for use in the field is presented. This test allows the samples to be cast in the field and left at ambient field temperatures for the first 24 hours; then the specimens are moved to the laboratory and placed in a water bath at 50°C to promote conversion. Robustness testing results are presented for the test method. The effects of the water to cement ratio, the initial (first 24 hours) curing temperature, the length of time before placing the specimens in the 50°C water bath, and the aggregate type are examined. The impact of the low replacement rates (up to 10 %) of finely ground limestone (FGLS) for CAC in concrete mixtures on converted concrete strengths was also studied. Results from testing showed that the majority of mixtures converted 48 hours after submersion in the 50°C water bath; however, differences in the initial curing temperature or aggregate type can delay conversion up to 11 days when specimens are cured following this procedure. Results also indicate that FGLS at replacement rates of 5 % and below in CAC systems may help increase the converted strength observed without reducing initial early strength gain.