bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penguatan Karakter Religius Warga Masyarakat dalam Kegiatan Lailatul Ijtima di Desa Sinanggul 1 Mlonggo
Authors: Fitri Aulia Dewi Maulida , Dianita Vivi Dianita , Nailis Sa’adah Dina , Rohman Fathur
Published: August 2024

"Lailatul Ijtima" means the night of the assembly which is held once a month. This activity started from the custom of the former scholars to regularly meet and gather with discussing a variety of issues ranging from issues of religion and also issues of integrity to nationality, the meeting was held at night time then this tradition continued in the form of the routine activities of the organization Nahdlatul Ulama under the name Lailatul Ijtima. The purpose of this activity is not only to understand and practice religious teachings, but also to understand the teachings of religion and to strengthen religious character to the community. As for the method used in the study of this activity is qualitative discreet with the technique of data collection through observation with direct involvement accompanied by documentation and active participation in following the activities. The results of the study of this activity can be concluded that the activities of the lailatul Ijtima 'or night of the congregation is very effective to generate and consolidate the relationship between the manager of Jam'iyah NU and the jamaah Nahdliyyin Village of Sinanggul 1 at the same time as an attempt to increase the amaliyah of ubudiyah among the citizens of the community of Sinangul 1 in general and the citizen of Nahdliyyiin.
Keterlibatan Pendidik Dalam Pengembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Mushlih Ahmad , Susilo Errifa , Ninda Uminar Ajeng
Published: August 2024

Education continues to improve following the flow of the times. Changes in the world of education begin with changes in the curriculum. The cycle of curriculum change is dynamic and comprehensive at every level of education, including early childhood education (ECE). Researchers conduct research using qualitative methods with interview, observation and documentation techniques. The location of the study involved 34 early childhood education institutions of kindergarten units and Raudhatul Athfal in Tulungagung and surrounding areas. The results show that educators have an important role in transforming the quality of learning services through curriculum development. In addition, educators in developing the curriculum through several stages, namely planning, collaboration, implementation and evaluation of the curriculum. Therefore, educators as the spearhead of educational success have the task of improving the competence of excellent educators.
IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM MERDEKA MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS ALAM SEBAGAI STIMULASI PERKEMBANGAN INTELEKTUAL AUD
Authors: - Rifa Suci Wulandari
Published: August 2024

Anak usia dini berkembang dengan baik jika diberikan stimulasi yang tepat. Salah satu kemampuan AUD yang perlu dipenuhi  adalah kemampuan intelektual. Kemampuan intelektual ini dapat distimulasi melalui pembelajaran berbasis alam sebagai implementasi kurikulum Merdeka. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana implementasi kurikulum Merdeka melalui pembelajaran berbasis alam sebagai stimulasi perkembangan intelektual AUD. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelompok A TK Ekasari Ds Krandegan kec kebonsari Kab Madiun. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis alam dapat menstimulasi perkembangan intelektual anak usia dini sebagai implementasi kurikulum Merdeka.
A Hybrid Deep Learning Approach for Classification and Quality Detection of Rice Varieties
Authors: Mavaddati Samira , Razavi Mohammad
Published: August 2024

Rice is one of the most important staple crops in the world and provides millions of people with a significant source of food and income. Problems related to rice classification and quality detection can significantly impact the profitability and sustainability of rice cultivation, which is why the importance of solving these problems cannot be overstated. By improving the classification and quality detection techniques, it can be ensured the safety and quality of rice crops, and improving the productivity and profitability of rice cultivation. However, such techniques are often limited in their ability to accurately classify rice grains due to various factors such as lighting conditions, background, and image quality. To overcome these limitations a deep learning-based classification algorithm is introduced in this paper that combines the power of convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks to better represent the structural content of different types of rice grains. This hybrid model, called CNN-LSTM, combines the benefits of both neural networks to enable more effective and accurate classification of rice grains. Three scenarios are demonstrated in this paper include, CNN, CNN in combination with transfer learning technique (CNN-TL), and CNN-LSTM deep model. Combining CNN and transfer learning techniques can improve the accuracy and performance of classification models by reducing overfitting, reducing training time and cost, and enabling better representation of complex data structures. The performance of the mentioned scenarios is compared with the other deep learning models and dictionary learning-based classifiers. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm accurately detects different rice varieties with an impressive accuracy rate of over 99.85%. The algorithm also displayed high accuracy in identifying quality for varying combinations of rice varieties with an average accuracy of 99.18%. These results indicate that the proposed algorithm is a promising approach for improving the accuracy and efficiency of rice classification and quality detection.
Improvement of Solar Flare Prediction by an SVM with an Optimized GA
Authors: Taniguchi Yoshio , Knauf Rainer , Tsuruta Setsuo , Mizuno Yoshiyuki , Damiani Ernesto , Sakurai Yoshitaka
Published: August 2024

We have elaborated a machine learning method to improve existing models for predicting solar flares based on images of solar surfaces. It is pointed out that if a very strong solar flare were to occur, it could have serious damages on modern society with a profound electrical and electronic civilization. However, such intense solar flares are very rare, with their classification extremely unbalanced and therefore difficult to predict. In order to cope with this problem, we have been proposing a method that combines machine learning for a classification of Support Vector Machines (SVM) and a search with Genetic Algorithms (GA). In this report, we further extend this method by using an algorithm, which we name as Case Based automatically Restartable Good combination searching GA (CBRsGcmbGA), so as to improve both the learning function and the input data. It should be noted that even the recent prevailing deep neural networks, for example, could not automatically and evolutionarily search for input data in training. The effectiveness of this approach was demonstrated in the prediction of X-class solar flares, achieving an accuracy score (TSS) of more than 85% with a maximum of 91.2%. Otherwise, a type of GA combined with conventional SVM (CBGALO, Case Based GA integrated with Local Optimizer as SVM) achieved up to 84%. Other approaches in the same environment achieved less than 75%.
Microstructure evolution and mechanical behavior of foamed cement-based tail backfills under varying fiber types and concentrations
Authors: Jiang Tingting , Cao Shuai , Yilmaz Erol
Published: August 2024

Industrial solid waste (mine tailings) management has emerged as the key universal ecological challenge as a result of the unceasing creation of rising waste by-products. Employing tailings makes mine fill production economical and assists resolve disposal problems. Foamed cement-based tailings backfill (FCTB) is a mine fill consisting of tailings, cement, water and foaming agent. It provides certain advantages such as lightweight, good fluidity, and thermal insulation, yet is relatively weak in strength. Additionally, FCTB’s strength properties can be intensely improved by adding fibers. A total of 3 diverse fibers: polypropylene (PP), glass (G), and basalt (B) as well as dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) as a foaming agent were used to prepare fiber-reinforced foamed cementitious tailings backfill (FR-FCTB). The mechanical properties, energy evolution, ductility and microstructure of FR-FCTB were elaborately investigated by uniaxial compression tests (UCS) and SEM. Laboratory findings demonstrates that reinforcing effect of three fibers on FCTB specimens: glass > polypropylene > basalt. FR-FCTB showed the best strength features as a fiber content of 0.3% was adopted in FCTB. At this time, the UCS performance of glass fiber reinforced FCTBs was 0.85 MPa increased by 18.1%. The addition of fibers can increase fill’s energy storage limit, slow down discharge of elastic strain energy within backfill, and enhance fill’s ductility and toughness. The ductility factor evaluates the degree of deterioration of filling in terms of post-peak drop, with all FR-FCTB values being greater than CTB. FR-FCTB’s chief hydration product is C-S-H gel. Fiber’s bridging effect significantly rallies crack extension and thus fill’s strength features. Lastly, the study’s main results are instructive for the industrial application of FR-FCTB used in metallic mines.
Impact Of Graft Type on Outcomes Following Liver Transplantation for Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Authors: Kumar Shiva , Lin Songhua , Schold Jesse D
Published: August 2024

Background

Limited data exists regarding impact of graft type on outcomes following liver transplantation (LT) in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC). Our goal was to evaluate the impact of graft type on outcomes following LT in PSC and determine predictors of outcomes.

Methods

Using SRTR, retrospective cohorts were constructed over the time period 2010-2020, divided into 2 eras: 2010–2014, 2015–2020, stratified by graft type: living donor (LDLT), donation after circulatory death (DCD) and donation after brain death (DBD). Outcome measures were graft and patient survival. Survival comparison was performed using Kaplan-Meier method and multivariable analysis using Cox proportional hazard models.

Results

2966 recipients underwent LT for PSC over the study period: LDLT-PSC 153 (5.2%), DCD-PSC 131 (4.4%) and DBD-PSC 2682 (90.4%). While LDLT utilization was higher in PSC (5.2% vs. 1.3%; p<0.001), DCD use was lower (4.4% vs. 7.2%; p<0.001) but increased over time (era 1 vs. 2: 3.3% vs. 5.2%; p= 0.02). Outcomes following DCD-PSC are comparable to DBD and have improved over time. Compared to DBD-PSC, there was a trend toward lower short-term graft survival following LDLT-PSC (1 Yr. 85.3 vs. 91.9; p=0.07) with higher retransplant rate (LDLT-PSC vs. DCD-PSC vs. DBD-PSC: 15% vs 11% vs 7%; p<0.001). Compared to non-PSC, long-term patient survival was superior in LDLT-PSC (5 Yr. 90.1 vs. 83.7%; p=0.05) and DCD-PSC (93.3 vs. 79.7%, p=0.01). On multivariable analysis, LDLT but not DCD, was associated with inferior graft survival in PSC (adjusted hazard Ratio=1.65 (1.16–2.34); p=0.005).

Conclusions

In PSC, utilization of LDLT is higher, while DCD use is lower but increased over time. Outcomes following DCD LT in PSC are comparable to DBD and superior to non-PSC. Reduced graft survival and higher re-transplant rate following LDLT in PSC warrants further study. Consideration of DCD could help expand the donor pool in PSC.
Chemiluminescence-based evaluation of styrene block copolymers' recyclability
Authors: Bumbac Marius , Zaharescu Traian , Nicolescu Cristina Mihaela , Borbath Tunde , Borbath Istvan
Published: August 2024

The thermal stability of four similar copolymer structures − styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS), two styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) copolymers with different styrene/butadiene ratios, and styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene (SEBS) − was studied using isothermal and non-isothermal chemiluminescence (CL). The activation energies for oxidative degradation were calculated based on oxidation induction times indicated by the CL intensities evolution. The results, which highlight the influence of molecular structure on stability under aging conditions, show the following sequence: SBS (butadiene/styrene = 7/3) ≈ SIS < SBS (butadiene/styrene = 6/4) < SEBS The CL data were correlated with infrared (IR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data, providing a comprehensive understanding of the thermal stability and degradation mechanisms. The sequence of the composing units determines the degradation process, with weaker points predominantly attacked in the linear moieties of isoprene, butadiene, and vinyl segments. The experimental data indicate that SIS copolymer degrades the fastest likely due to the rapid accumulation of hydroperoxide radicals. The SEBS copolymer also experiences significant degradation, but this occurs at higher temperatures and progresses more gradually once it begins. In contrast, the SBS copolymers degrade more slowly and exhibit minimal mass loss, primarily due to the formation of less reactive keto degradation products.
The combination of venetoclax and quercetin exerts a cytotoxic effect on acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Kawakatsu Renshi , Tadagaki Kenjiro , Yamasaki Kenta , Kuwahara Yasumichi , Yoshida Tatsushi
Published: August 2024

Venetoclax is a BH3 mimetic and approved recently for Acute mteloid leukemia (AML) treatment. However, venetoclax’s effect on AML is still restrictive and a novel strategy is required. We demonstrate here for the first time that by a combination with a kind of naturally occurring flavonoid quercetin, the cytotoxic effect of venetoclax drastically increased. Combined treatment with venetoclax and quercetin changed most of AML cell KG-1 to a condensed morphology. Cell cycle analysis revealed that the combination strongly induced cell death. Caspase inhibitor blocked the cell death and the combination induced PARP cleavage, indicating that apoptosis was mainly induced. These effects were also observed in another AML cell Kasumi-1 but not in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell K562. Public data analysis demonstrated that Bcl-2 expression is increased in AML cells compared to other malignant tumors and the survival and the growth of AML cell line depends on Bcl-2. Bcl-2/Bax ratio is a determining factor in whether or not to induce apoptosis. We found that quercetin increased Bax expression in KG-1. Our study provides a novel function of quercetin and a promising strategy for AML treatment using venetoclax
Genetic diversity and evolution of rice centromeres
Authors: Wu Dongya , Xie Lingjuan , Huang Yujie , Huang Wei , Shang Lianguang , Sun Yanqing , Chen Quanyu , Bi Shuangtian , Suo Mingyu , Zhang Shiyu , Yang Chentao , Zheng Xiao-Ming , Jin Weiwei , Qian qian , Fan Longjiang
Published: August 2024

Understanding the mechanisms driving centromere evolution is crucial for deciphering eukaryotic evolution and speciation processes. Despite their widely recognized characteristics of conserved function in cell division, the centromeres have showed high diversity in composition and structure between species. The mechanism underlying this paradox remain poorly understood. Here, we assembled 67 high-quality rice genomes from Oryza AA group, encompassing both Asian and African rice species, and conducted an extensive analysis of over 800 nearly complete centromeres. Through de novoannotation of satellite sequences and employing a progressive compression strategy, we quantified the local homogenization and multi-layer nested structures of rice centromeres and found that genetic innovations in rice centromeres primarily arise from internal structural variations and retrotransposon insertions, along with a certain number of non-canonical satellite repeats (sati). Despite these rapid structural alterations, the single-base substitution rate in rice centromeres appears relatively lower compared to the chromosome arms. Contrary to the KARMA model for Arabidopsis centromere evolution, our model (RICE) suggests that centrophilic LTRs contribute to the decline of progenitor centromeres composed of satellite repeats, and facilitate the formation of evolutionary neo-centromeres, which are enriched with extended CENH3 binding regions beyond the native satellite arrays in plant genomes. In summary, this study provides novel insights into genomic divergence and reproductive barriers among rice species and subspecies, and advances our understanding of plant centromere evolution.
1-Extra 3-component edge connectivity of modified bubble-sort networks
Authors: Zhang Guozhen , Yue Zhimin
Published: August 2024

Edge connectivity can measure the reliability of a network. Extra edge connectivity and component edge connectivity are the generalization of the classical edge connectivity. The extra component edge connectivity is the combination of the extra edge connectivity and component edge connectivity which can be used to measure the reliability of a network more precisely. The modified bubble-sort graph $MB_n$ is one of the important interconnection network topologies. In this paper, we study the 1-extra 3-component edge connectivity $c\lambda_3^1 (MB_n )$ of the modified bubble-sort graph and prove that $c\lambda_3^1 (MB_n )=4n-6$.
Olfactomedin 4 promotes gastric cancer cell G2/M progression and serves as a therapeutic target in gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Rodgers Griffin , Liu Wenli , Li Hongzhen , Kumkhaek Chutima , Zhu Jianqiong
Published: August 2024

Olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4) is a member of the olfactomedin domain-containing olfactomedin glycoprotein family and plays important roles in innate immunity, inflammation, and cancer. It exhibits increased expression in gastric cancer patient tissues and has been shown to regulate proliferation and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying OLFM4’s role in gastric cancer remain unknown. In this study, we found that OLFM4 knock-down significantly inhibited YCC3 gastric cancer cell proliferation and induced G2/M cell cycle arrest. Yeast two-hybridization screening revealed that OLFM4 directly interacts with cyclin B1 interacting protein 1 (CCNB1IP1), an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase. In YCC3 cells, OLFM4 co-immunoprecipitated and colocalized with CCNB1IP1, and underwent cell cycle phase-specific nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling. OLFM4 knockdown decreased both cyclin B1 protein levels and CDK1 activity in YCC3 cells. Screening of a cohort of OLFM4-targeted microRNAs (miRNAs) for their impact on cell proliferation identified several that significantly downregulated OLFM4 protein levels and inhibited YCC3 cell proliferation in vitro. Rescue experiments demonstrated that these miRNAs’ inhibitory effect on cell proliferation was partially related to their downregulation of OLFM4. When three of these miRNAs were individually administered intratumorally to nude mice bearing YCC3 cell xenografts, tumor growth was significantly inhibited when compared with tumors treated with a negative control miRNA. These results suggest that OLFM4 promotes cell cycle progression and cell proliferation in gastric cancer cells and may have utility as a therapeutic target in gastric adenocarcinoma.
Tailoring the Effect of La3+ Substitution on Structural, Magnetic and Optical Properties of Ba0.7Co0.3LaxFe2-xO4
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Saeed Rehan , Shah M. A. K. Yousaf , Ahmad Usman , Usama Muhammad , Amin Muhammad Abdullah , Tajdin Bilal
Published: August 2024

Ba0.7Co0.3LaxFe2-xO4 nano spinel ferrites, with lanthanum substitution, were synthesized using the sol-gel auto-combustion technique. Various techniques, including Crystallographic X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and UV-vis spectroscopy, were used to study their structural, morphological, magnetic, and optical parameters. The XRD patterns indicated the formation of a single-phase nanocrystalline structure, with an increase in lattice constant due to Lanthanum substitution. FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of the M-O stretching band and facilitated a study of functional groups. HRSEM images exhibited the formation of uniform, cubic, spherical nanoparticles with gentle agglomerations. The VSM study highlighted alterations in saturation magnetizationMS, remanenceMR, coercivityHC, and Y-K angles, indicative of the impact of La3+ ions. UV-visible spectroscopy determined an increase in the bandgapEg, suggesting potential applications of synthesized nano-ferrites in various fields like optoelectronics and non-linear optical filter devices. Structural parameters, such as X-ray density, dislocation density, X-ray morphology index, distortion parameter, and interchange distance, were also measured based on the XRD data. These lower Eg, HC, and Mr values suggest potential applications of synthesized nano-ferrites in optical domains, photo-catalysis water splitting, optoelectronics, and non-linear optical filter devices.
Burden of antibiotic prescription, associated factors, and compliance with the Uganda Clinical Guidelines among outpatients at Mulago National Referral Hospital, Uganda. A cross-sectional study
Authors: Edith Namakula , Segawa Enock Suubi , James Kateregga , Ebong Keren
Published: August 2024

Background
The burden of antibiotic prescription in Uganda ranges between 12–79%, and compliance with the Uganda treatment guidelines (UCG) is still low; at 30%. There is limited information about antibiotic prescription levels and their appropriateness in public health facilities. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the prevalence of antibiotic prescription, compliance with the Uganda treatment guidelines; and factors associated with antibiotic prescription among outpatients at Mulago National Referral Hospital, Uganda.
Methods
We employed a cross-sectional design, and collected quantitative data at Mulago National Referral Hospital, among 2480 outpatients. We used a data abstraction tool to collect data from systematically sampled patient prescriptions. Ethical approval was obtained from the Mulago Hospital Research and Ethics Committee, and permission was sought from the Uganda National Council of Science and Technology (Reference: HS3440ES). Data were entered into Epidata software, and analysed in STATA, using Modified Poisson regression.
Results
The median age of 2480 participants was 62 years (IQR: 56–68), and 60.6% (1501/2479) were 50 and older. The prevalence of antibiotic prescription among outpatients was 60.4% (1479/2480). The compliance with the UCG was 57.5% (861/1479). The factors associated with antibiotic prescription were; prescription from the directorate of surgery (aPR: 0.995; 95%CI:0.919, 0.993), bacterial infection diagnosis (aPR: 8.083; 95%CI: 6.833, 9.560), prescription of three or more drugs (aPR: 1.133, 95%CI: 1.093, 1.175), patient age of 6 to 17 years (aPR:1.052; 95%CI: 0.991, 1.118), and gender (aPR: 1.012; 95%CI:0.979, 1.046),
Conclusion
Antibiotic prescription prevalence was high while compliance to the UCG was moderate. All prescribers should present their authentic signatures to the pharmacy department to strengthen therapeutic intervention. Constant availability of laboratory reagents in the hospital; and refresher training in rational prescription writing are needed. Sensitization of the public about disease preventive measures should be strengthened. The current UCG 2023 copies should be available to all prescribers, and antibiotic prescriptions among inpatients should be investigated.
Quality analysis of Albendazole drugs available in veterinary pharmacies of Nepal
Authors: Dhakal Sujeeta Pokharel , Acharya Binita , Rana Sujan , Sedhai Shashidhar , Manandhar Salina
Published: August 2024

Background
Ecto- and endoparasites cause significant economic losses to the livestock industry, primarily due to helminth parasites. The heavy reliance on anthelmintics to control parasites, coupled with inadequate drug quality in terms of physical and content parameters, often leads to excessive and irrational use of anthelmintics. This poses a public health hazard due to the potential development of anthelmintic resistance. The dosage prescribed depends on the active ingredients present in the drug. Thus, an anthelmintic drug must contain the labeled amount of active pharmaceutical ingredients and comply with the standard quality tests. Veterinary Standards and Drug Regulatory Laboratory (VSDRL) is the national regulatory laboratory of Nepal for veterinary products, mandated to test the quality of various veterinary drugs. Amidst growing concerns of anthelmintic resistance and constant rumors of ineffectiveness of anthelmintics in the Nepalese market, it is vital to analyze the efficacy of veterinary drugs in Nepal. This study aims to analyze the quality (physical and content analysis) of Albendazole, the most common anthelmintic available in the local market.
Methods
We conducted the study from July 2021 to July 2023 at VSDRL in Kathmandu. A total of 118 samples of Albendazole drug (suspension of 25 mg/ml, tablets of 200 mg and 300 mg, and boluses of 600 mg and 1500 mg) were collected from seven different pharmaceuticals across 20 districts of Nepal. The samples were tested for their physical conformity and assay according to the laboratory protocols of VSDRL. Physical analysis included weight variation, hardness, friability, and disintegration, whereas the content analysis was performed using UV spectrophotometry and High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Data were entered and analyzed using MS Excel and visualized with R.
Results
On testing different formulations of Albendazole drugs of seven different veterinary drug manufacturing companies in the Nepalese market, we found the drugs were consistent in terms of weight, disintegration time, and assay. However, most drugs had poor hardness and friability quality.
Conclusion
Thus, it is necessary to routinely check the quality of veterinary drugs to ensure that they are manufactured and supplied to the market as per the recommended standards.
Design and synthesis of SiO@SiO₂ core-shell anodes for enhanced performance in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Qian , Wang Shuoran , Wang Yan , Huang Na , Li Changlin , Wang Wenpei , He Xihong , Du Jinjing , Ma Hongzhou , Weng Yaqing
Published: August 2024

The progress of energy storage technology crucially depends on the availability of high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). As a silicon-based composite material, silicon oxide (SiO) exhibits significant theoretical specific capacity and mitigates the volume expansion of pure silicon. However, poor electronic conductivity remains a significant issue, limiting the performance of LIBs. In this study, SiO@SiO2 composites were synthesized by applying a silane coupling agent as the silicon source to coat silicon oxides onto the surface of micrometer-sized SiO particles using an in-situ coating technique within a liquid-phase system. This approach aims to address the problems of volume expansion and stability, thereby enhancing the performance of LIBs. The silicon oxide core provides high capacity, whereas the silica shell serves as a protective layer. The SiO2 shell, with its greater rigidity compared to a carbon shell, better inhibits volume expansion, thereby extending the battery's service life. The results showed that when the mass of the silane coupling agent (SCA) was 15% of the mass of the SiO particles, the initial specific capacity of SiO@SiO2-15 composites reached 2160.62 mAh·g− 1, with the highest first coulombic efficiency (70.06%). Additionally, the composites exhibited the highest reversible capacity (1345.54 mAh·g− 1) and a capacity retention of 62.28% after 100 cycles.
Distinct genetic profiles influence body mass index between infancy and adolescence
Authors: Wang Geng , McEwan Samuel , Zeng Jian , Haile-Mariam Mekonnen , Yengo Loic , Goddard Michael , Kemper Kathryn , Warrington Nicole
Published: August 2024

Body mass index (BMI) changes throughout life with age-varying genetic contributions. We investigated the genetic contribution to BMI across early life using repeated measures from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort. Random regression modelling was used to estimate the genetic covariance matrix (Kg) of BMI trajectories from ages one to 18 years with 65,930 repeated BMI measurements from 6,291 genotyped ALSPAC participants. The Kg matrix was used to estimate SNP-based heritability (\(\:{h}_{SNP}^{2}\)) from 1–18 years and genetic correlations across early life. Eigenvalue decomposition of Kg further identified age-varying genetic patterns of BMI. Finally, we investigated the impact of a polygenic score of adult BMI on the estimated genetic components across early life. The \(\:{h}_{SNP}^{2}\) was relatively constant across early life, between 23–30%. The genetic contribution to BMI in early childhood is different to that in later childhood, indicated by the diminishing genetic correlation across different ages. The eigenvalue decomposition revealed that the primary axis of variation (explaining 89% of the genetic variance in Kg) increases with age from zero and reaches a plateau in adolescence, while the second eigenfunction (explaining around 9% of Kg) represents factors with opposing effects on BMI between early and later ages. Adjusting for the adult BMI polygenic score attenuated the \(\:{h}_{SNP}^{2}\) from late childhood; for example, \(\:{h}_{SNP}^{2}\) is 29.8% (SE = 6.5%) at 18 years of age and attenuates to 14.5% (SE = 6.3%) after the adjustment. Our findings indicate that there is a different genetic profile operating during infancy compared to later childhood and adolescence.
Harms of introduced large herbivores outweigh their benefits, while both are greater on islands and for higher trophic levels
Authors: Bescond--Michel Zoé , Bacher Sven , Vimercati Giovanni
Published: August 2024

Introduced species significantly impact native biodiversity worldwide, with extensive research on harms but relatively less focus on benefits. Using the IUCN Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) and EICAT + frameworks, we assessed 2021 negative and positive impacts of introduced large mammalian herbivores globally. Negative impacts were more common and of higher magnitude than positive impacts, i.e. affected populations, not only the performance of individuals. Native species on islands and at higher trophic level experienced greater impacts. Reported impact magnitudes declined over time only for positive impacts. Most positive impacts were caused indirectly through changes in species interactions and ecosystem properties, often following negative impacts on native plants through herbivory and disturbance. We therefore caution against the intentional introduction of large mammalian herbivores for conservation purposes (rewilding, assisted colonization) without rigorous assessment of their impacts on native communities.
Kütlesel Rotorlu İndüksiyon Motorlarında Oluşan Eddy Akımlarının Kollokasyon Yöntemi Kullanılarak Çözümü
Authors: Yıldız Hüseyin
Published: August 2024

Elektrikli araç teknolojisinin hayatımıza girmesi ile birlikte farklı türde elektrik motorlarının gelişimi ve verimlilik hesaplamaları araştırmacılar tarafından ilgi görmektedir. Kalıcı mıknatısların üretim maliyetlerinin artması nedeni ile, yüksek hızlı çalışan sistemlerde kullanılmak üzere çeşitli indüksiyon motor tasarımları mevcuttur. Kütlesel rotorlu indüksiyon motorları (KRIM) basit yapıları, üretim kolaylığı, yüksek hızda titreşimsiz çalışması gibi nedenlerden dolayı öne çıkan motor türlerindendir. KRIM yapılarının optimizasyon süreçlerinde analitik çözümlerin elde edilebilmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, KRIM tasarımlarında, ağırlıklı kalanlar yöntemlerinden biri olan kollokasyon yönteminin kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada Maxwell denklemleri farklı mertebede kollokasyon polinomları tarafından modellenerek analitik çözümler ile kıyaslanmıştır. Çalışmada, kollokasyon yönteminin elektromanyetik sistemlerin çözümü için kullanışlı olduğu, 12 ve üzeri kollokasyon noktası kullanılması durumunda kabul edilebilir (RMSE<1e-5) sonuçların elde edilebileceği gösterilmiştir.
Temporal Framework and Biological Indicators of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Related Behaviours
Authors:   Department of Psychology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, Ilyas Uzma , Butt Ayera ,   Department of Psychology, Lahore Garrison University, DHA, Lahore, Pakistan, Awan Khurram ,   Department of Psychology, Lahore Garrison University, DHA, Lahore, Pakistan, Asim Javeria ,   Department of Psychology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, Shakoor Muhammad Suleman ,   Pakistan Institute of Learning and Living, Lahore, Pakistan, Fatima Muqadas ,   Department of Psychology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Published: August 2024

Adolescence is a transitional stage between puberty and maturity. Significant alterations in brain chemistry and hormone activity cause mood swings and other psychological and physical symptoms. On their journey to adolescence, adolescents deal with complex emotions, moral dilemmas, sexual concerns, identity crises and particular societal expectations related to their upbringing. Impulsivity in adolescents is frequent and causes multiple issues. Impulsivity often lead towards non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), which has devastating consequences, which are both physical and mental. Both impulsivity and NSSI have their roots in brain chemistry and its related functions. The aim of this special communication was to delve into brain chemistry through studying the function of neurotransmitters and brain areas in NSSI and impulsivity. Multiple papers were sought on the topic of neurochemistry and neuroanatomy. The results identified serotonin, dopamine and glutamate as the neurotransmitters responsible for NSSI and impulsivity. Dysregulation in these neurotransmitters lead to the presentation of NSSI and impulsivity. Other than the neurotransmitters, the brain areas identified were prefrontal cortex, medial prefrontal cortex and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. The compiled results of this research would help individuals in understanding the neurotransmitters and the brain areas responsible. This would also help in generating awareness regarding the biological nature of the phenomenon as well, leading to less stigmatisation. The less stigmatisation towards these phenomena can help the affected individuals to seek help without any guilt or shame, along with support from society as well.
A Scoping Review of Intervention Implementation for Self-Care Skills among Children with Developmental Delay
Authors:   Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Occupational Therapy Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Alias Noor Amiera ,   Centre of Occupational Therapy Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia, Kadar Masne ,   Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Occupational Therapy Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Wan Yunus Farahiyah ,   Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Occupational Therapy Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Cremin Katie ,   Discipline of Occupational Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
Published: August 2024

Difficulties with self-care skills are frequently observed in children with developmental delays. Given the scarcity of robust evidence backing self-care interventions for this group, this scoping review is designed to aggregate existing literature on the implementation of such interventions. Therefore, this scoping review aims to collate literature on the nature of self-care intervention implementation to increase understanding of the current practice and inform future research directions. This scoping review endeavoured to explore the body of literature concerning the existence of self-care interventions and their implementation strategies in children who have developmental delays. Relevant studies were identified by searching through the following databases: Web of Science (W0S), Scopus, ASEAN Citation Index (ACI), CINAHL EBSCO and PubMed. Six types of interventions using various approaches were identified. Occupational therapists mainly manage intervention providers with multidisciplinary co-facilitator and parents’ involvement. Whilst session information varied, some evidence suggests that at least 30 min per session, minimum once per week up to twice per week, ranging from 10 to 23 sessions, may be sufficient. Intervention plans should be tailored to each child’s unique needs, taking into account the variety of available interventions. Collaboration among occupational therapists, parents, educators and health professionals in home programmes enhances self-care intervention outcomes. These results are set to inform future research and practice, paving the way for enhanced support and improved outcomes for children with developmental delays.
Detection of Congenital Toxoplasmosis and Cytomegalovirus Infections Using Paired Sample Serodiagnosis from Suspected Cases at a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Malaysia
Authors:   Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Elmi Abdirahman Hussein ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jamhuriya University of Science and Technology, Mogadishu, Somalia, Irekeola Ahmad Adebayo ,   Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Abdullah Muhammad Amiruddin ,   Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Mohamed Zeehaida ,   Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
Published: August 2024

Background: Congenital toxoplasmosis and congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infections are noteworthy in Malaysia and can cause serious health problems in neonates. The prompt and effective detection and treatment related to both illnesses may mitigate the possibility of adverse consequences from both infections. Methods: A total of 219 neonates with suspected clinical indications of congenital toxoplasmosis and/or cCMV infections from January 2022 to December 2022 were enrolled. The first samples for IgM and IgG antibodies were screened by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. For positive results indicative of congenital toxoplasmosis and cCMV infections, second serum samples were requested and tested within a period of 2–4 weeks after testing the first sample. Results: From the 219 first serum samples, the overall seroprevalence of congenital toxoplasmosis antibodies in suspected cases was 53%; meanwhile, the overall seroprevalence of cCMV in the suspected cases was 98.6%. The results of the paired serum sample collected for investigating congenital toxoplasmosis cases revealed that 47% of the cases presented no serological evidence of exposure while the remaining 53% of cases might have acquired passive immunity from the mother. For cCMV, the number of cases with no serological evidence of exposure was 1.4%, whereas acute infection was 1.8% and possible passive immunity from the mother represented 96.8%. Conclusion: This study found a high seroprevalence of congenital toxoplasmosis and cCMV infections, probably because they are suspected cases. This study also indicates that using paired sample analysis in the categorisation of cases can aid in accurate diagnosis and more effective treatment.
PARTICIPAÇÃO SOCIAL NO PROGRAMA DE HABITAÇÃO POPULAR DE PRESIDENTE KENNEDY-ES: POSSIBILIDADES E LIMITES NA EFETIVAÇÃO DE DIREITOS
Authors: Jordão Luzia Tavares , Hernandes Linccon Fricks , Carraro Gissele
Published: August 2024

A participação social supõe a atuação de representantes da sociedade civil e do poder público no acesso e usufruto aos direitos sociais, tais como segurança, habitação, saúde. O problema de pesquisa definido foi: Como se constitui a participação social no Programa Municipal de Habitação Popular em Presidente Kennedy-ES? Como objetivo geral: analisar como se constitui a participação social no Programa de Habitação Popular em Presidente Kennedy-ES. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura através da análise documental, com uma abordagem qualitativa. A pesquisa evidenciou que o Município de Presidente Kennedy-ES, pode-se afirmar que não há efetiva participação popular no processo de construção da política habitacional no município, apenas ocorre a deliberação por parte do Conselho. Assim sendo, o controle social, exercido através da participação social, atua no sentido de fomentar e traduzir a potencialização social e política de toda a sociedade, sendo necessário fortalecer a atuação popular na rotina dos conselhos.
OS FATORES QUE INFLUENCIAM A FALTA DE ADESÃO AO TRATAMENTO DA TUBERCULOSE: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Carvalho Bilio de Sousa Gislayne , Victor de Araújo Silva João , Cristina Doria dos Santos Ana
Published: August 2024

A tuberculose (TB) é uma patologia causada pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis, também chamado, bacilo de Koch. Sua transmissão ocorre através de aerossóis e pode afetar principalmente os pulmões, apesar de poder atingir outros órgãos e/ou sistemas. Nesse contexto, a cada ano são notificados cerca de 70 mil novos casos e cerca de 4,5 mil mortes devido à tuberculose. Consistiu em uma revisão integrativa em que se estabeleceu a temática e em seguida a formação da questão norteadora a qual direcionaria todo o corpo do trabalho, além da busca por artigos.  Em seguida, estabeleceu-se os critérios de inclusão e exclusão dos artigos, com intuito de selecionar aqueles que se encaixariam ou não que no que foi exigido como guia do assunto desse trabalho. No intento de conduzir essa pesquisa, estabeleceu-se a seguinte indagação: quais as dificuldades existentes na adesão ao tratamento da tuberculose? Por meio de seis artigos, foram identificadas a influência de fatores que diminuem a adesão ao atendimento, como o uso de álcool; interrupção de benefícios, tratamento autoadministrado, falta de suporte familiar, fragilidade no vínculo entre doente e profissional e ausência de trabalho em equipe nos serviços de saúde. Além disso, a atuação da Estratégia Saúde da Família é fundamental nessa adesão, já que possui a lógica de produção do cuidado e direciona-se, também, pelo cumprimento das dimensões do que se define como acesso e vínculo, como a importância do Tratamento Diretamente Observado (TOD). Portanto,  essa revisão, buscou explicitar quais os principais motivos responsáveis por esse abandono do tratamento. Pode-se implantar medidas cabíveis a fim de mitigar essa problemática, como campanhas que informem a população em geral sobre o que é, como ocorre a transmissão e sobre a gravidade da doença, se não tratada, em forma de cartilha informativa, por exemplo.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO INVESTIMENTO NA PRIMEIRA INFÂNCIA: RELATO DE INTERVENÇÃO JUNTO AO CONSELHO TUTELAR DE LAJINHA-MG.
Authors: Ana Alice Da Silva  , Eduardo Amat Silva  , Jaqueline Miranda Dos Reis Santos  , Jéssica Adriele Tomaz Pereira
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo versa sobre a importância de investimentos na primeira infância, a fase do desenvolvimento humano que corresponde a faixa etária dos 0 aos 6 anos. Realizamos a interlocução explícita existente entre a política pública de Assistência Social e os direitos sociais dessa população usuária. A pesquisa aqui expressa, perpassa como produto da disciplina Projeto Integrador I pertencente ao currículo 2020 do curso de Serviço Social na modalidade Ead do Centro Universitário Unifacig. A disciplina objetiva integrar conhecimentos e recursos acadêmicos em direção a contribuir com as questões presentes no campo material das relações sociais estabelecidas nos territórios de abrangência da Instituição de Ensino Superior-IES. Com isso, a escolha do tema e da intervenção ocorre sempre de forma dialogada com as e os discentes da disciplina, propiciando que a temática selecionada tenha interface visceral com a realidade social do alunado e dos elementos materiais que circunscrevem suas vivências e desafios. A proposta está em integrar o conhecimento socialmente adquirido e produzido no espaço acadêmico e o socializar com a comunidade. Portanto, o artigo contempla uma pesquisa exploratória que usou a mediação de revisão bibliográfica e documental e o relato de experiência da intervenção realizada junto ao Conselho Tutelar do município de Lajinha- MG.
ACOMPANHAMENTO DO ENFERMEIRO A PORTADORES DE ESCLEROSE MÚLTIPLA: TRANSFORMANDO O CUIDADO
Authors: Bruno Henrique Souza Izidório  , Isabella de Carvalho Salviete  , Kamilla Silva Cretton  , Rafaela Silva Dias
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Observar e analisar o conhecimento no que se relaciona ao acompanhamento do enfermeiro no cuidado para com pacientes de diagnóstico ativo para Esclerose Múltipla. Métodos: Trata-se de uma abordagem qualitativa, de caráter descritivo, partindo de uma pesquisa integrativa. Utilizou-se um corte temporal entre 2013 e 2023, realizando uma busca na base de dados BVS, baseando nos descritores em saúde, Esclerose Múltipla, Cuidados de Enfermagem, Promoção da Saúde, Processo de Enfermagem. Resultados: Foram encontrados 09 artigos, onde se formalizou para criação do trabalho. Contudo, evidencia-se que, a Esclerose Múltipla se tornou uma doença, cujo, profissional enfermeiro tem de se tornar atuante na promoção e evolução do cuidado, já que o mesmo possui saberes técnico-científicos que o torna capaz de evoluir no que tange a continuidade do tratamento como forma de humanização.  Conclusão: Contudo, observamos que, o profissional enfermeiro torna-se cada vez mais pautador na qualidade do cuidado prestado a pacientes portadores de Esclerose Múltipla, de forma que a evolução, promoção e continuidade, se estenda aos familiares, que também prestarão a assistência desejada.
Descritores: Esclerose Múltipla, Cuidados de Enfermagem, Promoção da Saúde, Processo de Enfermagem.