bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Données nouvelles sur le métabolisme des principaux éléments-traces chez le dromadaire
Authors: Faye Bernard , Bengoumi Mohammed
Published: June 2021

Dans un essai effectué sur cinq dromadaires recevant une ration de base couvrant leurs besoins d'entretien, une complémentation minérale à base de sulfates de cuivre, zinc, manganèse et cobalt, d'iodure et de sélénite a été distribuée pendant trois mois, après trois semaines d'adaptation. Après arrêt de la complémentation, les animaux ont été suivis pendant trois autres mois. Des prélèvements de sang, de fèces et de foie par biopsie ont été régulièrement effectués pour doser le cuivre et le zinc. Le fer et le manganèse ont été analysés dans les fèces et les rations seulement. Au cours des trois phases de l'essai, la cuprémie moyenne était de 44, 63 et 57 g/100 ml et la zincémie de 35, 36 et 42 g/100 ml. La complémentation minérale a donc augmenté les concentrations en cuivre au niveau plasmatique et hépatique, mais n'a pas modifié les teneurs en zinc. La concentration fécale de cuivre, zinc et manganèse a augmenté pendant la phase de complémentation, mais le taux d'absorption a globalement diminué de 15 à 20 %, sauf celui du zinc qui est resté stable. La concentration du fer fécal a augmenté pendant la phase de complémentation en dépit de l'absence d'apport ferrique, indiquant une interaction négative entre minéraux mineurs et fer. L'ensemble des résultats permet de considérer les besoins du dromadaire en éléments-traces comme étant plus faibles que pour les autres ruminants.
Suriyeli Göçmenlerin Açık ve Yeşil Alanlardan Talep ve Eğilimlerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: YİĞİT Şeyma , ATMACA Mustafa
Published: June 2021

Amaç:
Gözlemlere dayalı olarak Suriyeli Göçmenler açık ve yeşil alan kullanımlarında
kendi geleneksel kültürlerini ülkemizde de yansıtmaktadırlar. Kültürel bir
karmaşa yaratmamak nedeniyle Suriyeli Göçmenlerin kültürlerini anlamak ve
açık-yeşil alan tasarımlarına kendi kültürümüzle birlikte entegre etmek bu
çalışmanın temel hedefi olmuştur.

Materyal ve Metot:
Hatay ili Antakya ilçesinde 15 Temmuz Milli İrade Parkı’nda yerinde/yüz yüze
anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Anket çalışması gönüllülük esasına dayalı olarak 100
Suriyeli Göçmene uygulanmıştır. Göçmenlerin sosyo-demografik durumlarının parkı
kullanım değerlendirmeleri üzerindeki etkisi istatistiksel olarak
hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca etkili olan faktörler belirlenerek anket soruları
üzerindeki ilişki saptanmıştır.

Bulgular:
Parkı kullanım değerlendirmesi sorularına verilen yanıtların üzerinde en fazla,
eğitim durumu, mesleki unvan, çocuk sayısı ve parkın kimlerle kullanıldığı
değişkenleri etkili olmuştur. Bu değişkenlerin ise parkın kullanım
değerlendirmesi sorularından çoğunlukla 1, 2 ve 5 soruları arasında bir ilişki
tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca sözlü görüşmelerle elde edilen sonuçlara dayanarak,
Suriye parkları ile Türkiye parkları arasında kullanım yönünden çok
farklılıklar olduğu saptanmıştır.

Sonuç:
Ortak paydada buluşmak adına Suriyeli Göçmenler özelinde ülkemizde yaşayan tüm
göçmenlerin geleneksel kültürlerini yansıtırken, kendi kültürümüzü asimile
ettirmeden planlama ve tasarım yaklaşımlarına yönelik bulgular oluşturulmuştur.
"Wie groß ist der kleine Unterschied?" Eine quantitative Untersuchung von Geschlechterdifferenzen im Studium und im Beruf der Informatik am Beispiel der Bamberger Alumnae Tracking-Studie
Authors:   , Förtsch Silvia Maria
Published: June 2021

„Wie groß ist der kleine Unterschied?“ Diese Frage, angelehnt an ein bekanntes geflügeltes Wort, leitet diese Dissertation. Die Arbeit nimmt dabei einen sehr spezifischen Ausbildungs- und Berufszweig in den Blick, nämlich die Informatik. Im Zentrum dieser Arbeit steht die Frage nach Geschlechterdisparitäten in der Informatik. Dabei wird das Fähigkeitskonzept und die Karriereambitionen von Studierenden und Berufstätigen im Bereich der Informatik empirisch untersucht. In einem weiteren Schritt wird analysiert wie Leistungen und das Fähigkeitskonzept Karrierechancen beeinflussen. Grundlage der Analysen sind die Primärdaten der Bamberger Alumnae Tracking-Studie, welche sowohl Bamberger Informatikstudierende als auch Bamberger Informatikabsolventinnen und -absolventen von 2013 bis 2015 in mehreren Reihen befragt hat. In ihrer Themenstellung und ihrem Erkenntnisinteresse bewegt sich die vorliegende Arbeit im Grenzbereich zwischen der soziologisch und der psychologisch orientierten empirischen Bildungsforschung.
Evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of miniscrews in class I and II malocclusion patients
Authors: Amiri Ali , Khosravi Setareh , Arbastan Abolfazl Habibi , Jafarizadeh Sara
Published: June 2021

Aim: The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of miniscrews in Class I and II Malocclusion Patients. Methods: From electronic databases, between 2010 and 2020, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, ISI were used to conduct systematic literature. Two reviewers extracted data blindly and independently from the abstract and full text of the studies they used for data extraction. The mean differences between the two groups (miniscrews vs. conventional anchorage) with a 95 % confidence interval (CI), the Inverse-variance method, and the fixed-effect model were calculated. The Meta-analysis was evaluated using the statistical software Stata/MP v.16 (The fastest version of Stata). Results: A total of 186 potentially relevant titles and abstracts were found during the electronic and manual search. Finally, the inclusion criteria required for this systematic review were met by a total of seven publications. The mean difference of molar mesiodistal movement among seven studies and heterogeneity was -0.53 mm (MD, -0.53 95 % CI -0.69, -0.38. P= 0.00) (I2 = 96.52 %). This result showed maximum reinforcement in miniscrews with fewer mesial movements. Conclusion: The result of the current systematic review and meta-analysis shows that miniscrews in patients with class II and I malocclusion help maintain better anchorage preservation than traditional anchorage devices.
Factor analysis of the cross-cultural adaptation of the Multidimensional Attitudes Scale towards deaf persons in chilean dental students
Authors: Campos Valeria , Luengo Luis , Cartes-Velásquez Ricardo
Published: June 2021

There are various instruments to measure attitudes toward persons with disabilities (PwD). The Multidimensional Attitudes Scale (MAS) toward PwD is a three-dimension scale with good psychometric properties; the Spanish version has been validated with a four-factor structure. Aim: To examine the factor structure of a cross-cultural adapted version of the Spanish MAS towards deaf persons in a sample of Chilean dental students. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved five Chilean public health experts that reviewed the scale for obtaining a preliminary version of a 30-item modified MAS towards deaf persons; a pilot with 15 dental students was performed, and a final sample composed of 311 students was included. For the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), maximum likelihood estimation (ML) for determining the number of factors and parallel analysis (PA) was used, with Oblimin for the rotation method. Cronbach’s alpha was used to assess reliability. The root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), comparative fit index (CFI), incremental fit index (IFI), goodness of fit index (GFI), Tucker-Lewis fit index (TLI-NNF) and root mean square of residuals (RMSR) were used to assess model fit. Results: All items had a normal distribution with the exception of items 7 and 10. The four-factor structure without item 10 in this EFA presented an adequate Cronbach’s alpha (>0.83), suggesting acceptable reliability. RMSEA, TLI-NNFI, RMSR, GFI and CFI indices suggested a good fit of the model and were consistent with the literature. Conclusion: The Spanish modified version of the MAS towards deaf persons has a four-factor structure, which in consistent with a previous version of the MAS.
A Indicação Geográfica do café da Serra da Mantiqueira de Minas Gerais como ferramenta de desenvolvimento territorial
Authors: Facirolli Sobrinho Maria Helena , Guedes Cezar Augusto Miranda , Castro Maria Cristina Drumond e
Published: June 2021

A pesquisa parte da perspectiva de que as Indicações Geográficas podem ancorar uma estratégia de desenvolvimento territorial por conter particularidades que diferenciam o território. Por meio do estudo de caso do café da Serra da Mantiqueira, a pesquisa verificou que a obtenção do registro de Indicação Geográfica e as contínuas melhorias no processo de produção do café contribuem para o desenvolvimento do território.
Diversidade de plantas alimentares em quintais agroflorestais de Cuiabá e Várzea Grande, Mato Grosso, Brasil
Authors: Bortoluzzi Renan Nunes , Moreira Lineuza Leite , Vieira Cristiane Ramos
Published: June 2021

A pesquisa foi realizada com os ribeirinhos de Cuiabá e Várzea Grande, MT, com o objetivo de avaliar o perfil florístico com enfoque nas cultivares alimentares em quintais agroflorestais dessas regiões ribeirinhas. Verificou-se a predominância de oito espécies nos quintais agroflorestais: Mangifera indica, Annona squamosa, Carica papaya, Citrus latifolia, Citrus sinensis, Malphighia emarginata, Allium fistulosum e Anacardium occidentale.
Accompagner la transition agroécologique des systèmes laitiers de montagne : quels outils d’évaluation prennent en compte la diversité intra-exploitation ?
Authors: KOCZURA Madeline , DUMONT Bertrand
Published: June 2021

Afin d’accompagner la transition agroécologique des systèmes d’élevage, il est nécessaire de disposer d’outils permettant de caractériser leur diversité et d’évaluer ses conséquences sur la multiperformance du système. Nous nous intéressons ici à l’évaluation des systèmes laitiers de montagne par cinq outils d’évaluation multicritère, plus ou moins spécifiques de ces systèmes. Nous analysons la capacité de chaque outil à caractériser la diversité intra-exploitation et les processus écologiques sous-jacents à son fonctionnement, et à révéler les services écosystémiques qu’elle fournit. Deux des cinq outils (DIAG et BOT) permettent d’établir un diagnostic global, alors que les trois autres approfondissent des éléments clés du système. Ainsi, l’outil CAP évalue l’impact environnemental des exploitations d’élevage, en particulier leur bilan carbone. Les deux derniers outils (LAU et DIAM) sont propres aux systèmes laitiers de montagne, l’un évaluant la durabilité environnementale des exploitations de la filière Cantal AOP, l’autre permettant un diagnostic multifonctionnel du système fourrager. Malgré un objectif commun d’évaluer la durabilité des systèmes d’élevage, ces outils présentent donc une diversité d’approches et de modalités d’évaluation. Les outils dédiés aux systèmes laitiers de montagne permettent de bien évaluer la gestion de la ressource en herbe, la diversité des prairies, et établissent un lien avec des éléments-clés de valorisation de ces systèmes, les services écosystémiques qu’ils fournissent et la qualité sensorielle et nutritionnelle des produits. Ils laissent cependant de côté d’autres aspects, tels que la santé des animaux ou l’engagement des éleveurs dans la transition agroécologique, qui sont pris en compte par les outils moins spécifiques. Ce sont finalement ces outils globaux qui semblent les plus à même de traduire la logique de reconception des systèmes agroécologiques. Toutefois, la caractérisation de la diversité animale reste limitée dans tous les outils que nous avons analysés, qu’il s’agisse de la variabilité intra-troupeau, de la mixité d’espèces ou de la diversification des produits, et il s’agira d’y remédier dans les futurs outils d’évaluation.
Website-Based Contextual Learning Design of Han Script
Authors: Mulawarni Mulawarni , Emzir Emzir , Dewani Ratna
Published: June 2021

This study aims to produce a website-based contextual learning prototype design of han script used for training of Han script learning by using a contextual approach. Prototype Research on Contextual Learning Design of Han Script Based on Website is the answer to the problems faced by Mandarin Language teachers in SMA/SMK/MA in learning Han script. By using the ADDIE model focused on the Design step based on document analysis and literature review, the 30 Han characters chosen for daily use based on the formation of the word 造字方法 "zào zì fāngfǎ. Seven stages in contextual learning implied in the website prototype named hanyupedia.id. The material is designed based on the data obtained from the needs analysis results consisting of material à Hànzì qǐyuán ，汉字 à hànzì jiégò，汉字造字法 hànzì zào zì fǎ and 汉字书法 à hànzì shūfǎ guīzé, which are available in the form of text, images, and videos for activity and training.
Development of Information Website for PAUD Al Lathifiyah IV as PAUD Promotion Media and School Profiles
Authors: Nurfauziah Suci
Published: June 2021

The website is a medium for delivering information and online promotional media that the broader community can access. Generally, every school should have a website as a complete school profile. However, so far, the information and promotion of PAUD Al Lathifiyah IV Lamongan have only been limited to word of mouth (WOM) through local people. This study aims to develop the PAUD Al Lathifiyah IV website as a promotional media and school profile. Implementation of PAUD website used CMS WordPress. Based on the research results, the PAUD Al Lathifiyah IV website could be applied and run well and was responsive on all browser devices. With the PAUD Al Lathifiyah IV website, the way of delivering information and promotions was more effective and accurate than information obtained by word of mouth.
Are Patients Equally Satisfied with Advanced Practice Providers Compared with Surgeons in a Pediatric Fracture Clinic?
Authors: Ho Christine A.
Published: June 2021

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether patient satisfaction, as measured by the National Research Corporation Connect Scorecard, was equivalent for advanced practice providers (APPs) and pediatric orthopaedic fellowship–trained surgeons (MDs).

Methods:

Scorecard results from both APP and MD fracture clinics were compiled from August 2015 to August 2017. APPs (n = 12) had 17,402 independent fracture clinic visits with 4,243 scorecards completed; MDs (n = 10) had 11,623 fracture clinic visits with 2,282 scorecards completed. Scores were compared using the t test.

Results:

APPs had higher mean patient satisfaction scores in every category when compared with MDs. Statistically significantly higher APP scores were seen for “Provider spent enough time with patient” (85.4 vs. 80.7, p = 0.032), “Provider showed respect for what patient said” (96.0 vs. 93.4, p = 0.020), and “Provider Communication Composite” (92.1 vs. 89.4, p = 0.022). APPs with > 6 years of pediatric orthopaedic experience had higher scores in every category when compared with APPs with < 6 years of experience. Statistically significantly higher scores were seen for experienced APPs compared with less experienced APPs for “Provider explained things understandably” (p = 0.019), “Provider listened carefully” (p = 0.025), “Provider knew medical history” (p = 0.023), and “Provider Communication Composite” (p = 0.019).

Conclusions:

Patients are equally satisfied with pediatric orthopaedic APPs when compared with pediatric orthopaedic surgeons for their child's fracture care; in fact, APPs may have higher communication skills compared with physicians. With the increasing shift in pediatric fracture care from the general orthopaedist to the pediatric orthopaedists' office, APPs can treat pediatric fractures without a decrease in patient satisfaction.
Theoretical analysis on stress distribution characteristics around a shallow buried spherical
Karst cave containing fill materials in limestone strata
Authors: Xie Peng , Ma Shaokun , Wen Haijia , Li Liangyong
Published: June 2021

The prime objective of the article is to present the spatial characteristics of stress distribution around a shallowly buried spherical Karst cave containing fill materials in limestone strata. Firstly, considering the external load effects, stress field in the Earth’s crust, internal filling, and the Karst landform characteristics in China, a spatial axial-symmetrical model was established. Concurrently, combining available work and the concept of elasticity, the boundary conditions were determined. Subsequently, Love displacement method was introduced, in addition to the expressions of stress components were gained. The diagram characteristics of each stress component were summarized, which are affected by various influencing factors. Finally, in order to prove the rationality of the general solution, a comparison between numerical simulation result and theoretical calculation result was carried out, as well as the maximum error between theoretical calculation value and numerical simulation value is less than 5%. Thus, the analytical solution could represent the spatial characteristics of stress distribution around a shallowly buried spherical Karst cave containing fill materials in limestone strata.
Study on the Uptake of Aqueous Zinc Ion Onto a Novel Organic Acid Modified Biosorbent
Authors: Aniagor Chukwunonso O. , Hussein D. M. , Farag S. , Hashem Ali
Published: June 2021

Alhagi Graecorum (AG) is an invasive plant with a massive/robust root structure that can grow up to 12 feet into the ground. The present study exploited the rich cellulosic content in this ‘AG’ root for the synthesis of a novel biosorbent (‘MA’). This low-cost biosorbent, with high carboxyl content of 447.22 (m. eq /100 g sample) was utilised for aqueous zinc ion sequestration. The surface functional groups and textural characteristics required for an efficient heavy metal binding was identified on ‘MA’ using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Sip isotherm emerged as the model of best fit for equilibrium studies, hence, Zn (II) ion sorption onto ‘MA’ is believed to occur via a hybrid blend of homogenous monolayer and heterogeneous multilayer adsorption. Meanwhile, the Elovich (SNE = 1.0429), intraparticle diffusion (SNE = 1.0205) and pseudo-first-order (SNE = 1.0455) provided the best fitting for 200, 400 and 600 mg/L adsorption system, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of 188.67 mg/g was recorded at optimum adsorption conditions, with the predominance of the electrostatic and electron-donor-acceptor interaction mechanism. The abundant surface oxygenous functional groups on ‘MA’ positively influenced its adsorption capacity; thus, making it a promising biosorbent for aqueous Zn (II) uptake.
Improving Checklists of Alien Plants with Digitised Herbarium Collections: The Example of D.R. Congo (Africa)
Authors: Bordbar Farzaneh , Meerts Pierre
Published: June 2021

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (D.R. Congo) represents a striking gap of knowledge on alien plant species. In this paper, we use digitised herbarium collections to assemble a checklist of alien plant species in D.R. Congo and to examine patterns in the alien flora. The new checklist comprises 426 alien species i.e., 182 (42.5%) casuals, 244 (57.5%) naturalised of which 80 (19% of aliens) are invasive. Discrepancies with previous databases are discussed. For many species in previous databases, we failed to find evidence for occurrence outside cultivation. A total of 158 taxa were not included in previous lists, 44 of which are new to D.R. Congo. Considering the size of the country and its rich native flora, the alien flora of D.R. Congo does not appear to be species rich. The alien flora is particularly rich in Fabaceae (15%) and in annual species (36%). America is by far the most important source continent (65%) and the proportion of annuals of American origin is particularly large among the most widespread species. Invasive success is discussed in terms of residence time. The very low number of new species records after 1960 is most likely accounted for by decreasing sampling effort. The results illustrate how herbarium collections can be used to critically revise existing checklists of alien species in tropical Africa. Field work is urgently needed to improve coverage of recent introductions and to monitor the status of alien species, especially in protected areas and around botanic gardens.
New Volvovirus Isolate From Domesticated House Cricket, Acheta Domesticus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)
Authors: Homchan Somjit , Gupta Yash Munnalal
Published: June 2021

BackgroundDNA viruses have a broad variety of genetic material. Most viral DNA experiments focused on those with recognized pathogenic characteristics. Herein, we employed hybrid approach to systematically identify viral DNA from the Acheta domesticus genome and also curated primer library to reconfirm the infection of Acheta domesticus volvovirus (AdVVV) from A. domesticus samples obtained from breeding facility in Thailand. Methods and ResultsThe AdVVV nucleotide sequence was anchored and examined from genome sequence of A. domesticus. Subsequently, we sequenced the overlapping amplified DNA to assemble the whole genome of AdVVV isolate. The genome sequence began with the putative nonanucleotide origin of replication (1-TAGTATTAC), and had four open reading frames. The circular nature of AdVVV was confirmed as typical stemloop assembled by complementary initial and ending nucleotides sequences. The newly discovered volvovirus isolates from Thailand is also highly homologous (97.34 -98.77 %) with previously identified volvovirus sequences and having identical gene organization. This correlation is particularly surprising considering that the identified volvovirus considerably mutated compared to previously discovered volvovirus isolates. ConclusionsThis research appears to be the first to find volvovirus isolates from Thailand with an alternative approach to identify viral isolates. These results widen our knowledge on rapidly evolving volvovirus, and provide insights for better identification and the phylogenetic analysis based on different segments of viral genome. Also, the alternative method used in the present study will aid in the detection of DNA viruses and the assembly of their genomes.
Study of Micro-porosity in Electron Beam Butt Welding
Authors: Das Debasish , Dinda Soumitra , Das Amit Kumar , Pratihar Dilip Kumar , Roy Gour G
Published: June 2021

As complete elimination of porosity from the weld is very difficult, the next option available is to minimize this weld porosity, which is crucial for the safe performance of the welded components. However, this investigation through experiments alone is very tedious and time consuming. Additionally, very limited models are available in the literature for accurate prediction of different porosity attributes. The present study, thus, addressees both the experimental as well as modelling aspect on the study of micro-porosity during Electron Beam Welding (EBW) of SS304 plates. Welding parameters are reported to have significant influence on the micro-porosity. Hence, the influences of these parameters on micro-porosity attributes, namely pores number, average diameter, and sphericity are extensively studied experimentally employing optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray computed tomography (XCT), and Raman spectroscopy. This is followed by an elaborate modelling through seven popular and well-recognized Machine Learning Algorithms (MLAs) namely, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Support Vector Regression (SVR), M5P model trees regression, Reduced Error Pruning Tree (REPTree), Random Forest (RF), Instance-based k-nearest neighbor algorithm (IBk) and Locally Weighted Learning (LWL). These different techniques enhance the chance of obtaining the better predictions of the said micro-porosity attributes by overcoming the effect of data-dependence and other limitations of individual MLAs. The different model-predicted micro-porosity data are also validated through experimental data. Statistical tests and Monte-Carlo reliability analysis are additionally utilized to evaluate the performances of the employed algorithms. IBk and MLP are overall found to perform well.
Pb-0.6%Sb/α-PbO2/β-PbO2-MnO2 Electrode Electrodeposited In Methanesulfonic Acid With Application To The Electrocatalytic Degradation of AYR Wastewater
Authors: Yu Bohao , Zhan Zhenyu , Yang Yunbo , Xu Ruidong , Wang Xuanbing
Published: June 2021

In the present work, a novel Pb-0.6%Sb/α-PbO2/β-PbO2-MnO2 composite electrode with high electrocatalytic activity was obtained by electrodeposition in methanesulfonic acid and further investigated in the electrochemical degradation of alizarin yellow R(AYR) wastewater. The selection of temperature ranges was found to cause a quantitative difference in the formation of α/β-PbO2 phases. In this way, both phases were simultaneously electrodeposited in the same methanesulfonic acid, and electrodes with corresponding proportions of phases were fabricated. Furthermore, performance tests indicated that composite electrodes with the most appropriate corresponding proportions of phases co-deposited with proper amount of MnO2 could obviously improve the COD removal efficiency and degradation efficiency of AYR to 78.1% and 80.3%. They also showed commendable recyclability and fine economic applicability. Ultimately, the paper proposed a proper electrocatalytic degradation pathway of AYR based on the identification of the major intermediate products. The results proved that MnO2-co-doped composite electrodes had more promising application potential in the electrocatalytic degradation of AYR wastewater.
Analysis of Exposure To Radon in Bulgarian Rehabilitation Hospitals
Authors: Ivanova Kremena Georgieva , Djuvnakova Desislava , Stojanovska Zdenka , Djounova Jana , Kunovska Bistra , Chobanova Nina
Published: June 2021

Mineral springs are used in spa resorts throughout the world. Radon is a natural radioactive source, which can dissolve, accumulate, and be transported by water. This study investigates the radon concentration in air and water in 12 Bulgarian rehabilitation hospitals and presents the assessment of the exposure to radon in them. The measurements were performed at 401 premises within 21 buildings, using two types of passive detectors for a dry and wet environment that were exposed from February, 2019 to June, 2019. The radon concentration varied from 19 to 2550 Bq/m3 with an arithmetic mean and a standard deviation of 102 Bq/m3 and 191 Bq/m3, respectively. The hypothesis that in hospitals the source of radon, besides soil under the buildings, is also the mineral water that is used for treatment, was tested. Thermal water samples were procured sequentially from a spring and baths to analyse the reduction of radon concentration in them till reaching the premises. The results show that the concentration of radon decreased by approximately 50%. Further, the correlation analysis applied to the data proved the relation of the levels of indoor radon in the treatment rooms with those in the water. Mineral water used in rehabilitation hospitals have radon transfer coefficients ranging from 4.5·10− 4 to 8.4·10− 3. In addition, an analysis of the exposure of patients and workers to radon in rehabilitation hospitals based on the indoor radon levels and period of exposure was performed.
Environmental diagnosis of water quality in situ and ex situ in streams in Upper Paraná River Basin, Brazil
Authors: Meira Vandressa Raquel Lucas Poloni , Silva Elicléia Maria de Souza , Viana Lucilene Finoto , Crispim Bruno do Amaral , Francisco Luiza Flávia Veiga , Súarez Yzel Rondon , Barufatti Alexeia , Solórzano Júlio César Jut , Berti Alessandra Paim
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study was to (i) evaluate water quality using limnological parameters in three streams belonging to the Ivinhema River basin, (ii) investigate the composition and structure of the landscape around the locations sampled and their possible contribution to changes in water quality, (iii) investigate genotoxicity in fish in situ as environmental bioindicators, and (iv) evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of water through bioassays in animal and plant models. A total of seven fish species were sampled in situ as bioindicators of environmental toxicogenetic damage: Astyanax fasciatus, Astyanax lacustris, Cyphocharax modestus, Moenkhausia forestii, Piabina argentea, Psellogrammus kennedyi, and Hypostomus ancistroides. Four types of nuclear and one cytoplasmic alteration were observed, with nuclear invagination being the most frequent. Animal bioassays showed five types of nuclear and one cytoplasmic alteration. In the plant bioassay, a reduction in germination and cell division was observed, indicating the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the water for Allium cepa cells. Thus, genotoxic alterations in fish and plant bioassays may reflect the different types of land use and cover around streams and the conversion of forest fragments into agricultural areas, mainly due to the expansion of sugarcane crops. The evaluation of the toxicogenetic status of the three streams is essential to emphasize the need to create projects to recover the native vegetation cover, which would improve the quality of the habitat and ensure the permanence of native species.
Exosome-mediated transfer of microRNAs promotes mouse iPSCs differentiation into therapeutic insulin-producing cells
Authors: Guo Qingsong , Lu Yuhua , Huang Yan , Guo Yibing , Zhu Shajun , Zhang Qiuqiang , Zhu Donghui , Wang Zhiwei , Luo Jia
Published: June 2021

Purpose

Exosome-based therapeutic approaches have been applied in diabetes. In the present study, we explored the effect of exosomes on iPSCs differentiation into insulin-producing cells and its underlying mechanisms.
Methods

Exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation from MIN6 cells and identified by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and Western blot. PKH67 tracer and transwell assay were used to confirm exosome delivery into iPSCs. QRT-PCR was applied to detect key pancreatic gene expression and miRNAs expression in differentiated iPSCs. Insulin expression was assessed by flow cytometry (FCM) and immunofluorescence. The mechanism underlying exosome induction capacity for iPSCs was determined via RNA-interference of Argonaute-2 (Ago2). Streptozotozin(STZ) was used to establish diabetic mouse model to verify the function of differentiated β-like cells.
Results

MIN6-derived exosomes promoted the key pancreatic gene expression and immunofluorescence for Nkx6.1 and insulin remarkably, confirming the capability of exosomes for iPSCs differentiation. Moreover, transplantation of differentiated iPSCs efficiently enhanced IPGTT and partially control hyperglycemia in T1D mice. Knockdown of Ago2 in MIN6 cells affect exosomal miRNAs expression and pancreatic gene expression and insulin secretion in iPSCs.The therapeutic effect in vivo was weakened, further indicating decreased exosomal miRNA affect iPSCs differentiation.7 specific exosomal miRNAs were selected for single-assay validation. MiR-706, miR-709, miR-466c-5p and miR-423-5p were found dynamic changed during differentiation stages.
Conclusion

Exosomes is an effective and convenient induction approach for iPSCs differentiation into functional insulin secreting cells.The effect was downregulated via Ago2 knockdown illustrates the mechanisms are highly relevant to specific miRNAs enriched in exosomes.
Domestic Violence in Married Couples: From the Viewpoint of Women
Authors: Areshtanab Hossein Namdar , Vaseai Fariba , Ebrahimi Hossein , Bostanabad Mohammad Arshadi , Hosseinzadeh Mina
Published: June 2021

Background: Domestic violence is one of the most common problems of public health that can be occurred in families and can lead to physical, psychological, and economic consequences individually, family, and social level. The present study was aimed to determine domestic violence of married couples from the Viewpoint of women. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study 547 women referring to health centers of Marand in 2018 were participated. Sampling method was the convenience sampling method. For data collection, Socio-demographic and the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2) questionnaires were used. Descriptive (mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage of frequency) and inferential statistics, including t-test were used to analyze the data. Results: Results showed that domestic violence against men (98.3%) and women (98.5%) has a high prevalence. Women have experienced more violence in the psychological, physical, and sexual dimensions and men have experienced more violence in the negotiation and injury dimensions. Conclusions: The most important message of study beyond the comparison of the numbers and the operative or the victim of violence is the insecurity of the family environment for women, men, and children, which can have serious consequences for the family and society in the future. According to the importance of family as one of the essential elements of a healthy society, a preventative proceeding is required.
Bleeding Complication in a Patient with Concomitant Use of Rivaroxaban and Saffron Supplement: A Case Report
Authors: Daei Maryam , Khalili Hossein , Heidari Zinat
Published: June 2021

Background

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) carry a lower potential risk of food/herb and drug interactions compared with oral vitamin K antagonists. However, as a new class of medications some of these interactions have not been fully known.
Case presentation:

A 64-year old male with a medical history of non-valvular atrial fibrillation presented to the emergency department with a complaint of acute onset epistaxis and bleeding gums following the concomitant use of rivaroxaban and saffron supplement. Rivaroxaban plasma concentration was 54 ng/ml with a post-intake delay of 17 hours. The results of laboratory tests were unremarkable except for platelet function tests. Whole blood multiple electrode aggregometry was performed to assess platelet function. Area under the aggregation curve (AUC) values were 83 and 51 aggregation unit (AU)*min by arachidonic acid and adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation tests, respectively. As the patient had not taken any antiplatelet medication, platelet dysfunction was greatly attributed to the saffron supplement. The patient was immediately admitted to hospital and received local hemostatic measures and tranexamic acid. Moreover, saffron was discontinued permanently and rivaroxaban was paused for 24 hours. The bleeding stopped a few hours later and the patient was discharged after 2 days in a good general condition. Subsequently, he was followed up at 4, 8, and 12-week intervals. He was in a stable clinical condition with no bleeding complications. The patient was advised to consult with his doctor or pharmacist before taking any supplement or herbal medicine to ensure possible interactions.
Conclusions

It seems that coadministration of DOACs and saffron supplements should be avoided due to the potential drug-herbal interactions and possible risk of subsequent bleeding complications. However, further studies are needed to confirm the findings and assess the clinical significance.
H3K27 Acetylation of SF1 in PBMC: A Biomarker for Adrenal Insufficiency of Steroid Synthesis in Male Offspring Induced by Prenatal Dexamethasone Exposure
Authors: Chen Guanghui , Ai Can , Duan Fangfang , Chen Yawen , Cao Jiangang , Zhang Jinzhi , Ao Ying , Wang Hui
Published: June 2021

Dexamethasone is widely used for treating pregnant diseases. However, lots of studies have confirmed that prenatal dexamethasone exposure (PDE) could increase the risk of offspring multiple diseases. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the intrauterine epigenetic mechanism of adrenal developmental programming, and to explore early warning marker in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). We found the adrenal morphological and functional changes before and after birth in PDE male offspring rats, which were performed as the decreases of serum corticosterone concentration, steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) expression, histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) level of steroidogenic factor1 (SF1) promoter region and its expression; meanwhile, the expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and histone acetylation enzyme 5 (HDAC5) in PDE male fetal rats were increased. In vitro, dexamethasone reduced the expression of SF1 and StAR, and cortisol production, but increased the expression of GR and HDAC5, the binding between GR and SF1 promoter region, and protein interaction between GR and HDAC5. GR siRNA or HDAC5 siRNA could reverse the above effects of dexamethasone. Furthermore, in vivo, we confirmed that H3K27ac level of SF1 promoter region and its expression in PBMC of PDE group were decreased before and after birth, showing a positive correlation with the same indexes in adrenal. Meanwhile, in clinical trials, we confirmed that H3K27ac level of SF1 promoter region and its expression were decreased after prenatal dexamethasone application in neonatal PBMC. In conclusion, PDE induced adrenal insufficiency of male offspring rats, which was related to activate adrenal GR by dexamethasone in uterus. The activated GR, on one hand, increased its direct binding to SF1 promoter region to inhibit its expression, on the other hand, up-regulated and recruited HDAC5 to decrease H3K27ac level of SF1 promoter region, and strengthened the inhibition of SF1 and subsequent StAR expression.
The Effectiveness of Commercial Household Ultraviolet C Germicidal Devices in Thailand
Authors: Palakornkitti Pasita , Pinyowiwat Prinpat , Tanrattanakorn Somsak , Rajatanavin Natta , Rattanakaemakorn Ploysyne
Published: June 2021

Ultraviolet C (UVC), also called ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), is known for its effective air, water, and surface disinfectant properties. With the rise of global awareness about public sanitation and personal hygiene due to the emergence of the current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, several applications of UVC were developed and introduced to the commercial market. The present experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of commercial household ultraviolet C germicidal devices for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) inactivation. UVC dosages (mJ/cm2) of 10 UVC devices were determined at the recommended settings and compared to a UVC dosage benchmark for SARS-CoV-2 inactivated UVC dosage (3.7 mJ/cm2). Of the 10 devices, 3 were handheld UVGI surface disinfection equipment, 4 were UVGI disinfection chambers, and 3 were movable UVGI air and surface purifiers. Three UVGI disinfection chambers and all movable UVGI air and surface purifiers provided sufficient UVC dosages for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation. None of the studied handheld UVGI surface disinfection equipment achieved the UVC dosage for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation. A lack of standardization in the distance and cycle duration for each UVC application was observed. Standard usage guidelines for UVC devices are required to improve the effectiveness of UVC irradiance for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation as well as to minimize the potential side effects of UVC.
Winter And Spring Atmospheric Rivers In High Mountain Asia: Climatology, Dynamics, And Variability
Authors: Nash Deanna , Carvalho Leila M.V. , Jones Charles , Ding Qinghua
Published: June 2021

Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) that reach the complex terrain of High Mountain Asia (HMA) cause significant hydrological impacts for millions of people. While ARs are often associated with precipitation extremes and can cause floods and debris flows affecting populated communities, little is known about ARs that reach as far inland as HMA. This paper characterizes AR types and investigates dynamical mechanisms associated with the development of ARs that typically affect HMA. Combined empirical orthogonal function (cEOF) analysis using integrated water vapor transport (IVT) is applied to days where an AR reaches HMA. K-means cluster analysis applied to the first two principal components uncovered three subtypes of AR events with distinct synoptic characteristics during winter and spring months. The first subtype increases precipitation and IVT in the Karakoram and is associated with a zonally oriented wave train propagating within the westerly jet waveguide. The second subtype is associated with enhanced southwesterly IVT, anomalous upper-level cyclonic circulation centered on 45°E, and precipitation in the Pamirs. The third subtype shows anomalous precipitation in the Eastern Himalayas and southwesterly IVT across the Bay of Bengal. Interannual variations in the frequency of HMA ARs and relationships with various teleconnection patterns show that western HMA AR subtypes are sensitive to well-known remote large-scale climate factors, such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation, Arctic Oscillation, and the Siberian High. These results provide synoptic characterization of the three types of ARs that reach HMA and reveal the previously unexplored significance of their contribution to winter and spring precipitation.
Alteration of the Optical and Mechanical Characteristics of Cellulose Nanofibre Films Under Thermal Treatment
Authors: Niskanen Ilpo , Zhang Kaitao , Liimatainen Henrikki , Shibata Shuhei , Hagen Nathan , Heikkilä Rauno , Yoda Hidehiko , Otani Yukitoshi
Published: June 2021

Nanocelluloses and their different designs, such as films and nanopapers, have gained considerable interest in many application areas due to their unique properties. For many purposes, such as for packaging and electronics, the thermal stability of nanocellulose materials is a crucial characteristic. In this study, the effects of heat treatment (100ºC, 150ºC and 200ºC) on the optical and mechanical properties of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxy radical-oxidised cellulose nanofibre (TO-CNF) films were investigated, especially the alteration of the colour, complex refractive index and birefringence of the films. Exposing TO-CNF films to high temperatures (> 150ºC) induced permanent transformations in the CNF structure, leading to an increase in the refractive index, decreases in the birefringence and crystallinity index, colour darkening and significant deterioration of the mechanical properties.
iTRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteome Analysis Insights into Cold Stress of Winter Turnip Rapa (Brassica rapa L.) Grown in the Field
Authors: Niu Zaoxia , Liu Lijun , Pu Yuanyuan , Ma Li , Wu Junyan , Hu Fangdi , Fang Yan , Li Xuecai , Sun Wancang , Bai Chunsheng , Wang Wangtian
Published: June 2021

Winter Turnip rapa (Brassica rapa L.) is a major oilseed crop in Northern China, where its production was severely affected by chilling and freezing stress. Previous studies have demonstrated that differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) were expressed in roots and leaves under control chilling stress. In this study, the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technology was performed to identify DAPs under freezing stress. Two winter rapaseed varieties, Longyou 7 (cold-tolerant) and Lenox (cold-sensitive), were used to investigated morphological, physiological, cell and protein levels in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) of field-grown Brassica rapa to reveal the molecular mechanisms of cold stress tolerance. Compared to Lenox, Longyou 7 had a lower SAM of height, higher collar diameter. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA), SAM of height and IAA content were repressed. At the same time, compared to Lenox, the soluble sugars (SS) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase(POD)activity, soluble protein (SP) content and collar diameter increased in Longyou 7. In total, we identified 6330 proteins, among this, 98 DAPs were expressed in L7 CK/Le CK, 107 DAPs were expressed in L7 d /Le d 183 DAPs were expressed in Le d /Le CK, 111 DAPs were expressed in L7 d /L7 CK. Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis of the coding genes for seventeen randomly selected DAPs were performed for validation. These DAPs were identified from the two winter rapa seed cultivars involved in the biological process, cellular component and molecular function analysis, which revealed glutathione transferase activity, carbohydrate-binding, and glutathione binding, glutathione metabolic process and response IAA were closely associated with the cold stress response. Some cold-induced proteins, such as glutathione S-transferase phi 2(GSTF2), might play essential roles cold acclimation in Brassica rapa of SAM. Our work will help to provide valuable information for responding to the cold stress in Brassica rapa L.
Gasdermin E-dependent and -independent Subroutines Regulate the Passage of Dextrans During Apoptosis-driven Secondary Necrosis.
Authors: De Schutter Elke , Ramon Jana , Pfeuty Benjamin , De Tender Caroline , Stremersch Stephan , Raemdonck Koen , de Beeck Ken Op , Declercq Wim , Riquet Franck B. , Braeckmans Kevin , Vandenabeele Peter
Published: June 2021

Secondary necrosis has long been perceived as an uncontrolled process resulting in total lysis of the apoptotic cell. Recently, it was shown that progression of apoptosis to secondary necrosis is regulated by Gasdermin E (GSDME), which requires activation by caspase-3. Although the contribution of GSDME in this context has been attributed to its pore-forming capacity, little is known about the kinetics and size characteristics of this. Here we report on the membrane permeabilizing features of GSDME by monitoring the influx and efflux of dextrans of different sizes into/from anti-Fas stimulated L929sAhFas cells undergoing apoptosis-driven secondary necrosis. We found that GSDME accelerates cell lysis measured by SYTOX Blue staining but does not affect the exposure of phosphatidylserine on the plasma membrane. Furthermore, loss of GSDME expression clearly hampered the influx of fluorescently labeled dextrans while the efflux happened independent of the presence or absence of GSDME expression. Importantly, both in- and efflux of dextrans was dependent on their molecular weight. Altogether, our results demonstrate that GSDME regulates the passage of compounds together with other plasma membrane destabilizing subroutines.
Shotgun-Metagenomics Based Prediction Of Antibiotic Resistance And Virulence Determinants In Staphylococcus Aureus From Prosthetic Joint Tissue On Blood Culture Bottles
Authors: Sanabria Adriana Maria , Janice Jessin , Hjerde Erik , Simonsen Gunnar Skov , Hanssen Anne-Merethe
Published: June 2021

Shotgun-metagenomics may give valuable clinical information beyond the detection of potential pathogen(s). Identification of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), virulence genes and typing directly from clinical samples has been limited due to challenges arising from incomplete genome coverage. We assessed the performance of shotgun-metagenomics on positive blood culture bottles (n = 19) with prosthetic joint tissue for typing and prediction of AMR and virulence profiles in Staphylococcus aureus. We used different approaches to determine if sequence data from reads provides more information than from assembled contigs. Only 0.18% of total reads was derived from human DNA. Shotgun-metagenomics results and conventional method results were consistent in detecting S. aureus in all samples. AMR and known prosthetic joint infection virulence genes were predicted from S. aureus. Mean coverage depth, when predicting AMR genes was 209x. Resistance phenotypes could be explained by genes predicted in the sample in most of the cases. The choice of bioinformatic data analysis had a significant impact on the results. Read-based analysis was more accurate for pathogen identification, while contigs seemed better for AMR profiling. Our study demonstrates high genome coverage and potential for typing and prediction of AMR and virulence profiles in S. aureus from shotgun-metagenomics data.