bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling layer-by-layer laser melting and solidification of binary alloy powder bed
Authors: Swain Aurabinda , Khan Piru Mohan , Rath Prasenjit , Bhattacharya Anirban
Published: November 2021

A model for simulating layer-by-layer melting and solidification of a binary alloy powder bed due to a moving laser source is presented in this paper. The model uses a modified enthalpy-porosity approach to capture simultaneous melting and solidification of a powder bed. The effects of surface tension driven Marangoni convection and thermal and solutal buoyancy driven convection are incorporated in the model. Multiple layer formation is modeled by shifting the domain in the vertical direction to include the new layer. Simulations are performed for Al-Cu alloy to see the effect of different process parameters on the melt pool evolution, solute transport and segregation, and thermal transport with the primary focus on quantifying the nonhomogeneity in the final species distribution. Fixed melt pool results show that the effect of Marangoni convection is dominant resulting in considerably increased segregation in the solidified region. Simulation of layer-by-layer melting and solidification of the entire domain show that the solidified region can be divided into three zones based on solute distribution—initial low concentration zone, middle zone with slightly higher concentration, and the final zone with very high concentration. Subsequently, parametric studies are done that show that the nonuniformity in solute distribution can be reduced by reducing the laser power, increasing the laser spot radius, increasing the initial solute concentration, or decreasing the layer thickness.
irmãs siamesas fake news e pós-verdade expandidas nas deepfakes
Authors: Santaella Lucia
Published: November 2021

A partir de 2016, a expressão fake news e sua parceira, pós-verdade, passaram crescentemente a tomar conta das mídias noticiosas e interpretativas, com muitas matérias publicadas sobre o tema, ganhando, inclusive, as discussões mais detalhadas e bem-informadas da pesquisa acadêmica. Nesse contexto este dossiê pretende apresentar esse tema nas repercussões que tem obtido em algumas publicações selecionadas com o objetivo de preparar o leitor com informações preliminares à leitura dos artigos sobre deepfake que se apresentam neste número da TECCOGS. Infelizmente ainda não contamos no Brasil com livros sobre deepfake, o mais jovem rebento das fake news. Vem daí a relevância deste número que toma a dianteira na busca de uma primeira sistematização sobre essa questão que promete trazer consequências ainda mais nefastas para o equilíbrio social do que as fake news.
Deepfake
Authors: Botelho Thaïs Helena Falcão , Nöth Winfried
Published: November 2021

O termo “fake news” começou a povoar as mídias sociais, principalmente a partir de 2016, em função das eleições à presidência dos Estados Unidos. Estudos apontam que as notícias falsas acabam tendo um número maior de compartilhamento do que publicações de sites idôneos, podendo inclusive influenciar no resultado da eleição. É possível observar que a produção de notícias falsas se utiliza de recursos tecnológicos advindos do universo da mídia impressa como: fotos, textos e diagramação. Atualmente, grande parte das sociedades se utiliza, cada vez mais, de mídias digitais. Tais mídias viabilizam, além das linguagens do mundo impresso, outros tipos de linguagens, como conteúdos audiovisuais. Nesse ambiente virtual, novas tecnologias de Inteligência Artificial estão sendo desenvolvidas, como é o caso da deepfake, que também pode ser utilizada para a criação de conteúdo, inclusive para veiculação de notícias falsas. Tais veiculações podem ameaçar a confiança nas instituições e na democracia. Um dos caminhos propostos para combater as deepfakes é um trabalhado educativo, como a alfabetização midiática.
Deepfake e as consequências sociais da mecanização da desconfiança
Authors: Santaella Lucia , Salgado Marcelo de Mattos
Published: November 2021

O artigo tem origem em trabalhos anteriores que analisaram a crise de confiança na sociedade e como esta seria paradoxalmente impulsionada, em parte, por avanços como o blockchain, tecnologia de segurança baseada em algoritmos de Inteligência Artificial. Ao mecanizar a confiança, o blockchain paradoxalmente reduz sua importância ou até torna a mesma desnecessária como elemento dos laços entre duas partes humanas. Tal inovação contribui para mudar gradualmente a dinâmica do sistema social da confiança interpessoal para uma sociedade do controle, ao substituir a confiança entre indivíduos por tecnologias de segurança e concentração de dados nas mãos de poucos – em particular, as big techs e burocracias estatais. Já a deepfake é uma manipulação audiovisual que também se baseia na contemporânea tecnologia algorítmica do deep learning e do machine learning. No entanto, o objetivo da deepfake é criar representações e percepções alternativas – e propositadamente falsas – da realidade, efetivamente mecanizando a desconfiança entre seres humanos. Este texto procura avaliar, desde o trabalho anterior, as consequências do deepfake para as relações humanas e a sociedade no contexto da crise de confiança.
Pembuatan dan Upaya Peningkatan Kualitas Pupuk Organik Cair
Authors: Prasetyo Dedy , Evizal Rusdi
Published: November 2021

Conventional agricultural practices are very intensively utilizing synthetic agrochemicals. The resulting impact is a decrease in soil quality, thereby reducing fertilizer efficiency and plant yield. Efforts to maintain soil health include restoring organic matter. Organic fertilizers can be produced by utilizing the surrounding agricultural waste. Liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) can be produced from organic waste which should be chosen from high content of macro nutient. The quality of LOF could be increased by adding commercial decomposer starter or local microorganism. Organic matter of high energy should be added as well. The process of making liquid organic fertilizer is involved a fermentation process. Microbes will decompose organic material by breaking down the nutrients in the material to dissolve in solution. POC applications have been tested on various agricultural commodities. The provision of POC can increase the growth and yield of plants. In addition, the use of POC can improve soil health. Keywords : fermentation, fruit, industry, microbe, LOF, pulp, quality, vegetable, waste
Blockchain-based Intelligent Monitored Security System for Detection of Replication Attack in the Wireless Healthcare Network
Authors: Warraich Jatinder , Singh Chetanpal , Thapa Prem
Published: November 2021

Wireless sensor networks have revolutionized the way healthcare works replacing the traditional methods with sensor-enabled IoT devices that help in monitoring the data. The data is collected by these sensors that are there on the body of the user, the data is transmitted over the network to the healthcare monitoring systems. The transmission follows the route of the wireless channel that is not secure as it can be accessed by legitimate as well as illegitimate users. These pose security threats; one such attack is a replication attack. This makes the replicas of the original node, replaces the data with the malicious content for attacking the system, and deploys the node back to the network making it difficult to detect. The aim of the work is to review the Blockchain-based intelligent monitored security system for the detection of replication attacks in the wireless healthcare network. The method used for review is the secondary research method. The main focus of the work is kept on the literature review for obtaining insights and knowledge. The results show that blockchain provides the required security to the data carried by the sensor-enabled IoT. The result contributed to the understanding of the different blockchain techniques in securing data. The system component is farmed in the work and verified in the results.
Study of Classification of Human Emotion Features from EEG Signals at Minimum Free Energy Operated Effortlessly
Authors: Yu Hong , Tomer Sean-Paul , Perla Marcus , Yu Yvett
Published: November 2021

With the rapid development of various EEG-based features, PC machine robots can apply their fast massive parallel electronic computing AI capability to BCI systems. However, the machines do not have the human-equivalent chemical macromolecular hormone signals to understand human emotions. Machines cannot test people who are home alone with their loneliness, depression, drowsiness, happiness or remark the real hints through human being communication. But a minimum free energy of EEG discrete wavelet transform can indicate human emotion features and human being trend action. In this paper, we focus on EEG discrete wavelet transform at minimum free energy compared to operating effortlessly in visualization algorithm. In addition, we discuss EEG-based brain activities with the discrete wavelet energy spectrum for clinic treatment.
Phenylalanine Rich Diet (Vicia faba L.) Enhances the Expression of Dopamine Receptor D3 (DRD3) Gene in Rabbits
Authors: Shebl Ghada Mostafa , Sayed-Ahmed Hanan Ibrahim , Hamza Mohamed Bassuony , El-Din Haider Ashraf Salah
Published: November 2021

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter hormone for pleasure and reward. It is synthesized only in the brain cells of human and animals and responsible for the regulation of behavior, mood, memory, cognitive, flexible movement, the body weight, and other important functions. The Dopamine Receptor D3 (DRD3) is the most important receptor for dopamine. In this investigation, expression of DRD3 gene was studied in rabbits fed on supplemented diet of dry and fresh faba bean (Vicia faba L. Sakha 3). DRD3 gene (≈ 1200 bp) in control and treated rabbits were PCR amplified, sequenced and aligned with reference gene (Acc. No XM_017346708.1). High genetic similarity values were detected among all sequences. DRD3 gene sequences of control, fresh and dry faba bean fed rabbits were deposited in the GenBank with accession numbers MZ714134, MZ714135 and MZ714136 respectively. Direct estimation of blood phenylalanine (Phe) amino acid indicated that feeding rabbits on dry faba bean reflected the highest level of Phe in the rabbit’s blood. Quantitative RT-qPCR analysis showed that DRD3 gene was over expressed after feeding rabbits on dry faba bean form compared with feeding on green form and control. Thus, diet rich with phenylalanine like Sakha3 (dry and fresh forms) enhance gene expression of DRD3 gene. However, diet doesn't affect the DRD3 gene sequence and structure. In a conclusion, our findings indicated a direct effect of faba bean supplemented diet on increasing DRD3 expression levels which improve the life quality for human.
Network Ties, Social Capital, and Knowledge Management
Authors: Lee Dong-Mei , Fu Yu-Xia , Wang Lee-Yuan , Nie Tao
Published: November 2021

As an invisible informal structure embedded within an organization, social network is closely related to the knowledge management activities and knowledge management strategies of the organization. The social network has the potential to obtain the right information or knowledge at the right time through the weak ties of the organization, to realize effective knowledge sharing in the organization with strong ties, and to commercialize knowledge using social capital to achieve economic success. By dividing the knowledge management process into three stages, including knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing, and knowledge commercialization, the paper examines the role of weak ties, strong ties and social capital in knowledge management, and puts forward three hypotheses. Finally, the paper puts forward management suggestions for the construction of social networks in enterprisesю
Heavy Metal Leaching in Foods Cooked with Stainless-steel Pots and Locally made Alloy Pots
Authors: Elemo Gloria N. , Yusuf Abayomi S. , Aderoju Toheeb A. , Adebayo Olajumoke K.
Published: November 2021

Heavy metals are widely distributed across the earth crust but are present in very low concentrations in the human body. An increased concentration (above safe levels) in the human body can lead to several deleterious health issues such as chronic degenerative changes to organs, teratogenic and carcinogenic effects, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. An increased concentration can be as a result of ingestion of foods contaminated by heavy metals. The aim of this work is to determine the safeness of stainless-steel pots and alloy pots from heavy metal leaching while also comparing leached heavy metals in food samples cooked with the two commonly used pots in Nigeria. Five food samples were used in this research and were prepared using local procedures. Atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) was used to determine the concentration of manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr) and cadmium (Cd) in the food samples. Generally, our results suggest that both pots are averagely safe but continuous usage of these pots could pose some health challenge especially for the stainless-steel pot that consistently leached higher concentration of the analyzed heavy metals. These metals, though in low concentrations, have the potential to bioaccumulate in the body without severe side-effects. High bioavailability and subsequent accumulation of these metals in the body can negatively affect the human health.
Metal Ion Improved Properties of Burning Candle
Authors: Udoh Anthony P. , Akpan Aniekan U. , Akpan Dominic J.
Published: November 2021

Irvingia gabonensis seed oil was extracted, characterized, and used in the production of metallic soaps of calcium, magnesium, and aluminium for application as hardeners for candle wax. The percentage free fatty acid (as oleic acid) is 2.76, the acid value is 5.50, unsaponifiable matter is 0.12 and the viscosity is 205.70×102 Kgm-1S-1. The seed oil contains eight fatty acids; the most abundant being myristic acid with 54.39% followed by lauric acid with 36.83%. The percentage saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are 93.19%, 6.27% and 0.54%, respectively. The free fatty acid content of the soaps is in the order aluminium soap > magnesium soap > calcium soap. The metallic content of the soaps revealed that aluminium soap has the highest metallic content of 8.10% while that of calcium and magnesium soaps have 0.03% and 0.02% metallic contents, respectively. The melting points of the soaps prepared also followed a similar pattern. The aluminium soap exhibited mild acidic nature while calcium and magnesium soaps were basic. Although the lumens of the metallic soap candles were similar to that of local commercial candles which served as control, the candles had higher melting points and reduced burning rate. It is concluded from these that the metallic soaps make the candles harder and, longer lasting during burning and of greater value to the common user. Production of candles with metallic soaps as additives is highly advocated.
Signal Propagation in Transmission Lines with Losses Using Fibonacci Wave Functions
Authors: Hissem Simon , Doumbia Mamadou Lamine
Published: November 2021

In this paper, the general model for an infinite LC ladder network using Fibonacci wave functions that were applied to lossless transmission lines will be extended to transmission lines including losses. The general model that was derived from a first order system transfer function representing a simple RC or RL circuit will be used to model and analyze transmission lines presenting losses. The LC ladder network model can be applied to any order for each inductor current with its parasitic rc  resistor and for each capacitor voltage with its parasitic rL  resistor. The extension of the proposed general model to transmission lines with losses is subject to Heaviside condition for both resistors rc  and rL .
Optimal Design and Performance Analysis of Solar PV Integrated UPQC for Distribution Network
Authors: Nkado Fredrick , Nkado Franklin , Oladeji Ifedayo , Zamora Ramon
Published: November 2021

The increasing number of electricity consumers results in power quality problems in the distribution system. Solar photovoltaic integrated unified power quality conditioner (UPQC-PV) is a widely adopted device that can improve a distribution system's voltage and current quality. This paper presents an optimal design and performance analysis of a unified power quality conditioner integrated with a double-stage solar photovoltaic system (UPQC-PV). A technique based on sequence component detection (SCD) and unit vector template generation (UVTG) is proposed for the UPQC-PV control. Using a SCD technique, the fundamental active component of the distorted load current is estimated, which is used to generate a reference signal for shunt compensator control. The UPQC-PV consists of shunt and series compensators; the shunt compensator eliminates the harmonic currents produced by nonlinear loads and extracts the active power generated by the solar PV array. In addition, the series compensator compensates for the grid side power quality problems such as voltage sags/swells. Hence, the proposed system can simultaneously perform clean energy generation and power quality improvement. The UPQC-PV system performance is evaluated in MATLAB-Simulink software under different grid conditions.
Deep Learning Applied to the Detection of Masks on Faces
Authors: Calderon Osorno Jose Luis , Duran Camarillo Edmundo Rene , Garcia Sanchez Silvestre Ascencion
Published: November 2021

Derived from the pandemic COVID19 that we are currently experiencing as a security measure it is very important that people wear face masks especially in public places, to try to minimize the spread of the SARS-Cov2 virus; this Project consisted in the detection of faces with and without  face masks applying Deep learning neural networks, it was developed by using Python  and the libraries TensorFlow and OpenCV which allowed to apply learning rules to artificial vision systems. The above would allow the installation of artificial vision systems in public places soon to warn and invite people to wear face masks when detected by the system.
Photon Structure and Behavior
Authors: Mao Jianping
Published: November 2021

One of possibilities for that why like charges repel and opposite charges attract was a photon possessing negative and positive two poles that with an up or down spin frequency – any integer – offers a fresh insight into photon energies.
Passivation effect analysis of passivation layer based on data analysis
Authors: Li Peng , Wang Jun
Published: November 2021

The passivation layer of solar cells directly affects the performance of solar cells. The fixed charge density and defect density at the interface of the passivation layer are the key parameters to analyze the passivation effect. Through establishing the MOS model to simulate the capacitance-voltage (C-V) curve of the passivation layer, and using the function to express the simulation curve, this paper establishes the function-based database. The C-V curve obtained from the experiment is compared with the database to find the corresponding function of the experimental data. The passivation parameters Nf and Dit are extracted for analyzing the passivation effect of the passivation layer.
Synthesis of carbon-based CoV electrocatalyst and its application in Zn-air battery devices
Authors: Li Zhuo , Zhou Fangling , Wang Lei , Fu Honggang
Published: November 2021

Precious metal catalysts are generally considered to be the best electrocatalysts for slow four-electron transfer mechanism in oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions. However, its large-scale commercialization is limited due to its high cost, scarce resources and lack of stability. Therefore, under the same catalytic performance conditions, low cost and environmentally friendly non-noble metal electrocatalyst will become the focus of future electrocatalyst engineering. Dicyandiamine was used for carbon resource to prepare CoV-based carbon nanotube composites (named CoV-NC) by means of group coordination combined with freeze drying strategy and carbonization treatment. The morphology and structure of the sample was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and N2 adsorption-desorption curve. In 0.1 M KOH electrolyte, the Eonset potential of CoV-NC catalyst for ORR is 0.931 V, and the limiting current density is higher. The OER voltage is only 1.63 V at the current density of 10 mA·cm-2, demonstrating that CoV-NC exhibits good catalytic activity of ORR and OER. As for an air-cathode material to assemble primary Zn-air battery, it can discharge continuously for 166 h at a current density of 5 mA·cm-2, which is much better than commercial Pt/C catalyst.
Density function theory on the electronic structure property of anatase TiO2 doped by N or C with different percents
Authors: Li Zongbao , Jia Lichao , Wang Xia , Wang Liangjie
Published: November 2021

Formation energy, crystal structure and electronic structure of C, N doped anatase TiO2 are calculated based on the density functional theory of plane-wave ultrasoft pseudopotential. Results indicate that, due to doping of the C or N atoms in anatase TiO2, the lattice distorts obviously. The substitution of C tends to Ti site while N tends to O site. All the substitutions lead to the red shift of the optical absorption and increasing coefficient of light absorption. When N concentrations are 2.08% and 3.13% in N-doped TiO2, the highest photocatalytic activity is obtained, while it is 2.08% for C-doped one.
Synthesis of Pd/CeOx/Nano-graphite composite cathode for electro-catalytic degradation of phenol
Authors: Zhang Yuhang , Qu Yang , Li Zhijun , Yu Li , Jing Liqiang
Published: November 2021

To improve the cathode electro-catalytic degradation performance of electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOP), Pd metal and CeOx co-modified Nano-graphite (Pd/CeOx/Nano-G) composite was synthesized by chemical precipitation and reduction methods, and Pd/CeOx/Nano-G cathode was prepared by a hot-pressing method. The as-prepared composite and electrode were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electrons microscopy. Results revealed that the mix-crystal structural CeOx (Ce2O3 and CeO2) and Pd0 metal were formed. The cathode was applied for the electro-catalytic degradation of phenol wastewater. The degradation efficiency of phenol by Pd1.0/CeOx5.0/Nano-G cathode reached 99.6% within 120 min degradation, which were higher than that of CeOx5.0/Nano-G and Nano-G cathodes. Both of the Pd metal and CeOx could improve the O2 reduction to H2O2 and promote the H2O2 dissociation to •OH for phenol oxidation. Additionally, the effects of electro-catalytic reaction parameters on the phenol degradation were investigated. The results indicated that Pd/CeOx/Nano-G cathode would have promise for further practical application in organic wastewater treatment.
Agreement between oscillometric and direct blood pressure measurements in anesthetized captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Authors: Smith Christopher K. , Ashley Anthony L. , Zhu Xiaojuan , Cushing Andrew C.
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the level of agreement (LOA) between direct and oscillometric blood pressure (BP) measurements and the ability of oscillometric measurements to accurately detect hypotension in anesthetized chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).

ANIMALS

8 captive, adult chimpanzees.

PROCEDURES

During prescheduled annual examinations, each chimpanzee underwent general anesthesia and patient monitoring for their examination, echocardiography for a concurrent study, and measurement of direct BP with the use of tibial artery catheterization and oscillometry with the use of a cuff placed around a brachium and a cuff placed around the second digit of the contralateral forelimb for the present study. Bland-Altman plots were generated to compare results for direct and oscillometric BP measurements. Mean bias and 95% LOAs were calculated for oscillometric measurements of systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) for each cuff site. Sensitivity and specificity in detecting hypotension were also determined for each cuff site.

RESULTS

There were 74 paired direct and brachial oscillometric measurements of each, SAP, MAP, and DAP and 66 paired direct and digit oscillometric measurements of each, SAP, MAP, and DAP. Only brachial oscillometric measurements of MAP had adequate sensitivity (78%) and specificity (95%) to accurately detect hypotension, and this technique also had the least mean bias (0.8 mm Hg; 95% LOA, –29 to 31 mm Hg).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that brachial oscillometric measurement of MAP provided reasonable agreement with tibial arterial direct MAP measurement and performed well in diagnosing hypotension in anesthetized chimpanzees.
Investigation of the effects of two-, four-, six- and eight-strand suture repairs on the biomechanical properties of canine gastrocnemius tenorrhaphy constructs
Authors: Chang Yi-Jen , Duffy Daniel J. , Moore George E.
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

To determine the effects of 2-, 4-, 6- and 8-strand suture repairs on the biomechanical properties of canine gastrocnemius tenorrhaphy constructs in an ex vivo model.

SAMPLE

56 cadaveric gastrocnemius musculotendinous units from 28 adult large-breed dogs.

PROCEDURES

Tendons were randomly assigned to 4 repair groups (2-, 4-, 6- or 8-strand suture technique; n = 14/group). Following tenotomy, repairs were performed with the assigned number of strands of 2-0 polypropylene suture in a simple interrupted pattern. Biomechanical testing was performed. Yield, peak, and failure loads, the incidence of 1- and 3-mm gap formation, forces associated with gap formation, and failure modes were compared among groups.

RESULTS

Yield, peak, and failure forces differed significantly among groups, with significantly greater force required as the number of suture strands used for tendon repair increased. The force required to create a 1- or 3-mm gap between tendon ends also differed among groups and increased significantly with number of strands used. All constructs failed by mode of suture pull-through.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that increasing the number of suture strands crossing the repair site significantly increases the tensile strength of canine gastrocnemius tendon repair constructs and their resistance to gap formation. Future studies are needed to assess the effects of multistrand suture patterns on tendon glide function, blood supply, healing, and long-term clinical function in dogs to inform clinical decision-making.
Ex vivo study of the intradiskal pressure in the C6-7 intervertebral disk after experimental destabilization and distraction-fusion of the C5-C6 vertebrae in canine cadaveric specimens
Authors: Knell Sebastian C. , Park Brian , Voumard Benjamin , Pozzi Antonio
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate intradiskal pressure (IDP) in the C6-7 intervertebral disk (IVD) after destabilization and distraction-fusion of the C5-C6 vertebrae.

SAMPLE

7 cadaveric C4-T1 vertebral specimens with no evidence of IVD disease from large-breed dogs.

PROCEDURES

Specimens were mounted in a custom-made 6 degrees of freedom spinal loading simulator so the C5-C6 and C6-C7 segments remained mobile. One specimen remained untreated and was used to assess the repeatability of the IDP measurement protocol. Six specimens underwent 3 sequential configurations (untreated, partial diskectomy of the C5-6 IVD, and distraction-fusion of the C5-C6 vertebrae). Each construct was biomechanically tested under neutral, flexion, extension, and right-lateral bending loads. The IDP was measured with a pressure transducer inserted into the C6-7 IVD and compared between the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus and across all 3 constructs and 4 loads.

RESULTS

Compared with untreated constructs, partial diskectomy and distraction-fusion of C5-C6 decreased the mean ± SD IDP in the C6-7 IVD by 1.3 ± 1.3% and 0.8 ± 1.3%, respectively. During motion, the IDP remained fairly constant in the annulus fibrosus and increased by 3.8 ± 3.0% in the nucleus pulposus. The increase in IDP within the nucleus pulposus was numerically greatest during flexion but did not differ significantly among loading conditions.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Distraction-fusion of C5-C6 did not significantly alter the IDP of healthy C6-7 IVDs. Effects of vertebral distraction-fusion on the IDP of adjacent IVDs with degenerative changes, such as those in dogs with caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy, warrant investigation.
Simple steps for the detection and classification of different lamprophyric rocks: a case study from Greece
Authors: Kamvisis Ioannis-Nektarios G. , Vasyukova Elena A.
Published: November 2021

This study aims to help non-expert geologists in locating, classifying and analyzing lamprophyres, the exotic and complex rocks. The process includes three basic steps, a macroscopic study of the formation, petrographic microscopy and lastly whole-rock and trace element analyses of the samples. Fourteen Greek lamprophyric rocks with distinct characteristics were used. Conventional lamprophyres were considered along with rarer alkali minettes, meta-lamprophyres, lamproschists, appinites and para-lamproites.
Urban Aquatic Ecosystems as a Factor of the Spread of Antibiotic Resistant Microorganisms and Resistance Genes
Authors: Savenko Marianna , Kryvtsova Maryna
Published: November 2021

In this work, studies have been conducted to detect antibiotic resistance microorganisms and resistance genes in the natural waters of the Uzh River, which flows in the Carpathian region (Ukraine) and flows into the Laborec River in the territory of Slovakia. Among the most common microorganisms of the Uzh River, there has been a high level of resistance to tetracyclines, β-lactams, and antibiotics of the last line of defence (carbapenems, fourth-generation fluoroquinolones). The results of molecular genetic analysis indicate the presence of resistance genes bla tet-M, bla CTX-M, bla TEM, and bla KPC in microorganisms of the Enterobacteriaceae family.
Histological Study of the Immune System in Zebrafish, Danio Rerio (Hamilton, 1822)
Authors: Azar Azin , Khoshnood Zahra
Published: November 2021

The aim of the present study was to investigate the cellular characteristics of the immune tissues of Zebrafish, Danio rerio (Hamilton, 1822). The fish were fixed in Bouin՚s solution for 24 hours then dehydrated, cleared, paraffinized, embedded and finally sectioned, stained and observed through optical microscopy. Results showed that immune system tissues of Zebrafish include the apical part of the kidney, thymus, and spleen. The apical part of the kidney was composed of hematopoietic tissue containing blood and immune cells. The spleen was a single organ located at the abdominal cavity containing melanomacrophages. The thymus was observed as a paired organ at the posterior part of the branchial cavity. Results showed that the immune system of the Zebrafish was dispersed in several organs of the body and that this species could be used as a laboratory model organism in immune system studies.
Occurrence, Abundance and Distribution of Bleak, Common Spirlin, and Sunbleak in the Environmental Gradients of Small Rivers (Tatarstan)
Authors: Askeyev Arthur , Askeyev Oleg , Askeyev Igor , Monakhov Sergey
Published: November 2021

The probability of occurrence, distribution, and abundance of bleak, common spirlin, and sunbleak in 316 small rivers of the Republic of Tatarstan were studied. The studied region has a high geographical and environmental heterogeneity. The impact of environmental factors on species occurrence was analyzed with generalized linear models. Among the selected fish, sunbleak had the highest probability of occurrence, and bleak had the highest abundance. Elevation was the only environmental variable significantly affecting the probability of occurrence of all three species. With an increase in elevation, the probability of occurrence of bleak, common spirlin, and sunbleak significantly decreased. Optimum values and niche breadth differed significantly between fish species for some of the environmental variables.
El principio del ne bis in idem y la cosa juzgada penal como elementos constitutivos del derecho de defensa del imputado
Authors: Romero Seguel Alejandro
Published: November 2021

La presente investigación examina el contenido de la cosa juzgada penal y sus proyecciones extintivas en el proceso chileno. El objetivo de la investigación es examinar la extensión y los límites del principio de ne bis in idem como parte del derecho de defensa del imputado en el modelo acusatorio.
LITSEA ANAMALAYANA (LAURACEAE) A NEW SPECIES FROM NELLIYAMPATHY HILLS, INDIA.
Authors: A. J. Robi , P.S. Udayan
Published: November 2021

The new species Litsea anamalayana Robi & Udayan, from Kerala, India, is described and illustrated. A detailed description is given, together with information on its distribution and ecology. Photographs of the new species are provided, as well as a comparison with the morphologically similar L. glabrata (Wall. ex Nees) Hook.f.
Value Co-Creation in the Sharing Economy Platform: The Role of Ethical Perceptions
Authors: Tjokrosaputro Miharni
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine the effects of consumer participation on value co-creation with consumers’ ethical perceptions as a mediation of the sharing economy platform in Indonesia. The research design used a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. The sampling technique used convenience sampling with 287 respondents. A questionnaire was utilized as the data collecting technique. SmartPLS was applied as the analysis tool. The results showed that consumer participation has a significant effect on ethical perceptions and value co-creation and ethical perceptions affect value co-creation significantly. Furthermore, this research proof that ethical perceptions mediate the positive relationship between value co-creation on the sharing economy platform in Indonesia. This research enrich and strengthen the role of consumer ethical perceptions and consumer participation in creating value co-creation that provides value for both consumers and service providers based on Service-Dominant Logic (Vargo and Lusch, 2008).
The Role of Integrated Reporting in Emerging Market: Earnings Quality and Debt Maturity
Authors: Zef Arfiansyah P.A.Pamungkas,Amrie Firmansyah, R.A.Qadri,Agung Dinarjito,
Published: November 2021

The maturity structure of debt can have financial and operational consequences for a firm as debt maturity is a key aspect of financial flexibility. Moreover, debt maturity can impact a firm’s ability to undertake long-term productive investments and, as a result, affect economic activity. This study aims to examine the effect of earnings quality on debt maturity and the role of Integrated Reporting (IR) in moderating these effects. This study's methodology is a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression models and panel data. The sample employed in this study is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The type of data employed in this study is secondary data sourced from financial statements and annual reports from 2016 to 2020. The sample selection using a purposive sampling method with the number of samples amounted to 595 firm-year observations. The results of this study suggest that earnings quality does not affect debt maturity. Additional tests show that income maximization companies tend to have shorter debt maturity. However, IR failed to moderate the effect of earnings quality on debt maturity. This study indicates that the Financial Services Authority (OJK) needs to conduct better monitoring and regulation to increase creditor protection through optimal debt policy disclosure from the companies.
The Role of Leadership Style in Fostering Creativity in the Workplace
Authors: Muhammad Tafsir Hardiani,
Published: November 2021

The success of a business in the face of competition is inextricably linked to the ability of a transformational leader to foster a climate of creativity in the workplace. This study presents the findings of an analysis of the role of transformational leaders in fostering a climate of creativity in organizations. Multiple regression analysis is used to analyze data collected from respondents who are randomly selected from employees at several companies and then processed using the SmartPLS application. The researcher developed an instrument for the variables transformational leadership and climate of creativity based on several instruments used in previous research. The findings indicate that there is a strong correlation between transformational leadership and a climate of creativity, implying that transformational leadership plays a critical role in fostering creativity in the workplace.
The Effect of Anthropomorphic Appeal on Consumer Protective Behavior in Service Facilities
Authors: Laksmidewi Dwinita
Published: November 2021

Implementing health protocols, wearing masks, and maintaining physical distance in the service facilities are necessary during this Covid-19 pandemic. So, we need a health appeal message in the service industry to discipline consumer behavior. This study examines the effects of anthropomorphic persuasive appeal on consumer protective behavior. This study consists of two studies and used an experimental method. The results showed that the anthropomorphic persuasive message made consumers feel more fear, understand the message more easily, and perceive that the object had more power. The effect of messages on protective behavior is significantly mediated by fear. Meanwhile, ease of understanding and power are not significant mediations. Study 2 which focuses on the application in service facilities also shows that anthropomorphic appeal can influence protective behavior. These results indicate that the emotional aspect, in this case, the fear of consumers, has more influence on protective behavior.
Outcomes of Alvimopan Use in Laparoscopic Intra-abdominal Surgery: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Kokan Aamir A. , Sheth Sahil , Rogers Katherine
Published: November 2021

Background: Postoperative ileus is a transient cessation of bowel motility, occurring after bowel resection, characterized by abdominal distension and pain, nausea, vomiting, and an accumulation of gas/fluids in the bowel. It is associated with a greater incidence of postoperative morbidity and increased length of stay or readmission. Alvimopan, a novel peripheral mu receptor antagonist, is indicated for preventing postoperative ileus in patients undergoing intra-abdominal surgery or bowel resection. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of alvimopan use in laparoscopic abdominal surgeries.
Objective: To assess alvimopan use’s impact in laparoscopic abdominal surgeries.
Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of 84 patients who underwent laparoscopic procedures that received alvimopan (September 1, 2018 to October 31, 2018) and compared to patients that did not receive alvimopan (May 1, 2018 to June 30, 2018, due to a national shortage of the medication). The primary outcome was the rate of postoperative ileus. Secondary outcomes included rate of 30-day readmission, length of stay (LOS), postoperative opioid and laxative use, time to initiation of oral diet, and return of bowel function (ROBF) as demonstrated by recorded bowel movement.
Results: There was no statistical difference observed in primary outcome of postoperative ileus between alvimopan and no alvimopan groups (2.7% vs 4.3%, p=1). Secondary outcomes such as length of stay (5.4 days vs 5.4 days, p=0.49), length of postoperative stay (5 vs 4.9, p=0.44), days to oral diet (0.9 vs 0.4, p=0.16), time to BM (1.8 vs 2.2, p=0.32), and 30-day readmission were also similar between the two groups.
Conclusion: The similar outcome profiles in all primary and secondary outcomes do not support the use of alvimopan in the setting of laparoscopic intra-abdominal surgery.
Neuropsychiatric lupus in Malaysian children: clinical characteristics, imaging features and 12-month outcomes
Authors: Lim Sern Chin , Md-Yusof Yusma Lyana , Johari Bushra , Abdul-Kadir Roqiah Fatmawati , Tang Swee Ping
Published: November 2021

Background. Neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE) serves as a marker of severe disease in children with juvenile onset systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE). This study aims to characterise the clinical and imaging features at diagnosis; and outcomes after 12 months in Malaysian children with NPSLE.
Methods. A retrospective study of all NPSLE patients seen at the Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Selayang Hospital from January 2004 to May 2017.
Results. Twenty-eight (19.8%) of 141 JSLE patients had NPSLE with a median presenting age of 10 years (IQR 9 - 12), median follow-up of 7 years (IQR 4 - 11) and female: male ratio of 3.7:1. Twenty-three patients had single episodes of NPSLE and five patients had two distinct episodes each. The mean disease activity score (SLEDAI- 2K) was 24.9±11.8 at presentation with 81.8% having high disease activity (score > 12). Majority (60.6%) present with NPSLE within the first year of SLE diagnosis whilst the remainder occurred at a median of five years (IQR 3-7) post-SLE diagnosis. Majority (75.8%) had central nervous system (CNS) involvement commonly presenting with seizures, delirium and visual complaints whilst 24.2% had peripheral nervous system (PNS) involvement. Frequent accompanying features included hypocomplementemia, acute cutaneous lupus and lupus nephritis. Autoantibodies were common; ANA (100%), anti-dsDNA (78.8%) anti-RNP (39.4%) and anti-Sm (39.4%). Abnormalities were seen in 85.7% of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies performed, predominantly supratentorial white matter hyperintensities on T2 images whilst cerebrospinal fluid examination was normal in the majority. All patients with CNS involvement received corticosteroids with immunosuppressive therapy: Cyclophosphamide (20), Rituximab (2). Treatment for PNS involvement included corticosteroids with Azathioprine (6) or Mycophenolate mofetil (2). At 12 months post-NPSLE, majority (85.7%) recovered without any neurological sequelae.
Conclusions. Juvenile-onset NPSLE presents with a myriad of clinical features. It is associated with high disease activity and non-specific MRI features. With early diagnosis and treatment, the majority had good prognosis.
COVID-19-related anxiety in phenylketonuria patients
Authors: Akar Halil Tuna , Yıldız Yılmaz , Dursun Ali , Tokatlı Ayşegül , Coşkun Turgay , Erdal İzzet , Kahraman Ayça Burcu , Çıkı Kısmet , Karaboncuk Yamaç , Sivri H Serap
Published: November 2021

Background. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited disorder of amino acid metabolism, the treatment of which often requires a special diet to prevent adverse neuropsychiatric outcomes. In the COVID-19 pandemic, which has had a substantial effect on the whole world since the beginning of 2020, PKU patients represent a vulnerable population because they may be dependent on special nutritional products, have limited access to routine care and display increased levels of anxiety.
Methods. For this reason, an online questionnaire assessing the anxiety levels and various personal opinions and practices regarding the pandemic was sent to the PKU patients managed at our clinic, who were 12 years of age or older. Ninety-eight patients responded to the questionnaire. Median age of the participants was 19 years.
Results. Most patients were compliant with the hygiene and social distancing recommendations regarding the spread of COVID-19. Of the patients, 61.2% felt more anxious since the pandemic. The most common concern was the possibility of not being able to obtain special nutritional products (58.2%). Anxiety level was significantly higher in females.
Conclusions. These data suggest that food security is an important issue of concern in PKU patients. In line with the changing world after the pandemic, different strategies should be considered in the management of patients with inborn errors of metabolism, including PKU.
Desarrollo de un nuevo producto a base de Gasparito (Erythrina americana Miller)
Authors: López Hermida Isys Lilian , Martínez García Jairo Emmanuel , Díaz Vega Raúl Antonio , Blasco López Gabriela
Published: November 2021

Introducción. La desnutrición crónico infantil tiene etiología compleja, relacionada con la pobreza. En México más de un millón de infantes la padecen, principalmente en la región sur y comunidades rurales, donde también encontramos el gasparito. Objetivo. Elaborar un producto que fortalezca la situación alimentaria y nutricional de desnutrición. Métodos. Estudio experimental enfocado en menores de 5 años. Se realizaron 10 formulaciones variando la cantidad y presentación de ingredientes, evaluados mediante pruebas organolépticas y bromatológicas. Resultados y Discusión. Panqué de 50 g que aporta 195 kilocalorías, 7.5 g de proteína, 35.59 g de carbohidratos, 2.94 g de lípidos, 4.21 g de fibra dietética y 57.20 mg de sodio. Contra productos comerciales contiene 10 veces menos sodio y grasa saturada, es alto en fibra. Conclusión. El panqué es una alternativa socialmente aceptable y sostenible que cubre desde 40% hasta 75% de las necesidades de proteína diaria de acuerdo con la edad y contribuye al mejoramiento del estado de nutrición.
Comparación del umbral del dolor entre dos técnicas anestésicas
Authors: León Castillo Andrea , Barradas Viveros José Reyes , Martínez Flores Alicia , Ortega Labourdet María Matilde
Published: November 2021

Los tratamientos en el consultorio dental representan para los pacientes un acto traumático, a causa del dolor que representa la anestesia dental. Objetivo: Determinar el umbral del dolor entre las técnicas de anestesia; palatina directa y palatina indirecta en pacientes de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Veracruzana Región Xalapa. Metodología: Se midió el umbral del dolor mediante la Escala Numérica Análoga de dolor y se clasificó en 4 categorías; sin dolor, dolor leve, dolor moderado y dolor intenso. Se diseño una cédula de acopio y el análisis se realizó con un programa epidemiológico para las pruebas estadísticas. Resultados: A nivel general la Técnica Indirecta registró mayor porcentaje de pacientes sin dolor y la Técnica Directa mayor porcentaje de dolor moderado e intenso, la diferencia entre técnicas resultó altamente significativa Conclusión: Comprender el grado de dolor, entre dos técnicas anestésicas utilizadas frecuentemente, es importante en el manejo clínico del paciente para brindar una atención segura y de calidad en sus tratamientos.