bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Single-Step Conversion of Cellobiose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) Catalyzed by Poly Ionic Liquid
Authors: Song Yan Lei , Qu Yong Shui , Huang Chong Pin , Ge Li Hai , Li Ying Xia , Chen Biao Hua
Published: August 2014

The PIL which were prepared from imidazole and epichlorohydrin were used as catalysts for the conversion of cellobiose to 5-HMF. Effects of the catalyst anion, solvents, reaction temperature, and recycling time were investigated in detail. The optimum reaction conditions for conversion of cellobiose into 5-HMFcatalysed by [IMEP]BF4 were temperature 180 oC, cellobiose 0.5 g, and [IMEP]BF4 0.25 g in DMSO(30 mL). In this condition the yield of 5-HMF can reach 39.2% for 420min. The good positive correlation between the concentration of glucose and the formation rate of 5-HMF was given, and the conversion of glucose into 5-HMF is the key step of formation of 5-HMF from cellobiose. Moreover, [IMEP]BF4 has well cycle performance in the optimum reaction condition.
Determination of Tetracyclines Residues in Aquatic Products by HPLC
Authors: Lin Ling , Guo Hong Bin , Li Qi , Zhang Li Qiang , Liu Li Li , Yang Chun Liang
Published: August 2014

A sensitive method for simultaneously determining residues of oxytetracycline, tetracycline ,chlortetracycline and doxycycline in aquatic product was established by HPLC. Samples were extracted with Na2EDTA-Mcllvaine buffer solutions and centrifuged.The sample extracts were cleaned up by C18 solid-phase extraction cartridge and then were determined by UV detection at 355 nm.At fortification levels of 0.005~0.1 mg/kg, the average recoveries were of 75%~96% , The RSDs were of 1.02%~6.56%,Limit of detection was 0.002 mg /kg for oxytetracycline,tetracycline and doxycycline and 0.005 mg /kg for chlortetracycline.The sensitivity, accuracy and precision of this method were able to meet the requirements for pesticide residue analysis.
Development of a Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Complex for Improving Water Solubility and Reducing Skin Sensitivity of Salicylic Acid
Authors: Huang Yi Qing , Xia Qiang
Published: August 2014

The present work reports on complexation of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) with salicylic acid (SA) by vacuum evaporation and inclusion behavior confirmed by FT-IR, OM and SEM. Complex stoichiometry, release mechanism and skin sensitivity were evaluated. The results showed that SA could be encapsulated into cyclodextrin at the ratio of 1:1. Negative values of Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy changes indicated a feasible, spontaneous and exothermic process. Release studies evidenced a burst release in first 2 h, followed by a sustained release and the release rate was temperature-dependent. Furthermore, an improved water solubility and significant reduced irritation effect of SA could be obtained by HP-β-CD.
Determination of Aflatoxin Contaminants in Four South Medicines by HPLC
Authors: Zha Yu Bing , Liu Xue Fu , Yang Chun Liang , Wang Xiao Fang , Lin Ling , Zeng Shao Dong , Zhang Zhen , Zhe Yong Hui
Published: August 2014

A method was developed for the simultaneous determination of Afiatoxin ( AFB1、AFB2、AFG1、AFG2) in four south medicines is developed by Liquid chromatograPhy with fluoreseence detection after immunoaffinity column clean一up and Pre一cloumn derivatization.four south medicine samples were extraeted with methanol一water (70:30,v/v),The extraets were Purified by imunoaffinity columns and the toxins were separated by reversed phase HPLC, and quantified with fluorescenee detection after photoehemieal derivatization. The separation was perfored on a C18 column.Recoveries of the different medicines spiked with Aflatoxin, The average recoveries ranged from 94.0 %~92.3 % by addition of avermectin standards at three different concentration levels of 10 μg/kg) to four south medicines as matrixes. The sensitivity, accuracy and precisiothod were able to meet the requirements for pesticide residue analysis.
Moisture Absorption Properties and Kinetic Analysis of Three Different Kinds of Gauze
Authors: Wang Jian Ping , Li Qun , Li Xiao Wen , Zhao Xi Hui , Zhang Chao , Zhang Xi
Published: August 2014

In this paper, the hygroscopic properties of three different gauze, that is common medical gauze, absorbable carboxymethyl gauze and absorbable oxidized gauze, were compared, and the kinetic analysis were studied. The results showed that, at 298K and RH80%, the moisture absorption rate of the three kinds of gauze follows the order of absorbable carboxymethyl gauze > absorbable oxidized gauze > common medical gauze. The moisture absorption kinetic analysis of the three kinds of gauze indicated that the second-order model proposed fits experimental data well with the correlation coefficient greater than 0.999.
Preparation of Lactic Acid by Polymer-Catalyzed Conversion of Maltose in Aqueous Alkaline Media
Authors: Wang Xin Cheng , Song Yan Lei , Wang Ya Mei , Huang Chong Pin , Li Ying Xia , Chen Biao Hua
Published: August 2014

The preparation of lactic acid (LA) from the conversion of carbohydrates through chemical ways has received much attention as a way of producing platform chemicals from renewable resources, but harsh reaction conditions were usually employed especially when environmentally benign solvent (water) was used as the reaction media. In this work, polymerizates of imidazole and epichlorohydrin ([IMEP]Cl) have been used as catalysts for the conversion of maltose to LA. Several factors, including the temperature, the NaOH concentration, the [IMEP]Cl loading and the maltose concentration, were found to affect LA yield, and the process was optimized by method of orthogonal experiment. The order of significant factors was found to be maltose concentration > temperature > [IMEP]Cl loading > NaOH concentration. The optimum yield of LA was 48.5%. This route provides a new strategy for carbohydrates conversion to produce fine chemicals.
Electrochemical Degradation of Methyl Orange by Samarium and Antimony Codoped SnO2 Electrodes
Authors: Chen Lu Sheng , Zhang Huan Shuang , Liu Shu Lian , Song Wen Hua , Liu Chao , Li Huai Xiang
Published: August 2014

In this work, samarium and antimony (Sm–Sb) codoped tin oxide (SnO2) films have been successfully prepared on titanium (Ti) substrate by a facile sol gel method. The samples were characterized by X–ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The composite film materials were used as anode for the electro-degradation of methyl orange solution. Two effective factors of electro–catalytic properties namely, the content of Sm in the SnO2 samples and the calcination temperature, have been optimized based on the electro-degradation experiments. A moderately calcination temperature of 873 K and 1.0% Sm doping owned the best performance. The smaller grain sizes and optical band gap of the SnO2 by introduction of the Sm improved electro-catalytic activity.
Inactivation of E. Coli Using ZnO Nanofluids and Ultrasound
Authors: Zhang Ling Ling , Sun Wei Qiang , Xia Yu , Lv Ya Ping
Published: August 2014

Combination of disinfection method gives advantages. In this work, inactivation of E. coli using ZnO nanofluids and ultrasound is evaluated. Growth curves of bacteria were investigated to reveal the inactivation activities of ZnO nanofluids and ultrasound. The effects of combination of ZnO nanofluids and ultrasound, ultrasound time, ultrasound induction point and the induction order of ZnO nanofluids and ultrasound were studied. The results suggested that combination of ZnO nanofluids and ultrasound gives better inactivation effect on E. coli when comparing with single disinfection method. Ultrasound for 10 s helped ZnO nanofluids inhibiting bacteria better than ultrasound for 30 s /60 s. Ultrasound induction point (at 0 hr, 2 hr or 4hr) did not affect on ZnO nanofluids to exhibit the inhibiting property. Induction ultrasound prior to adding ZnO nanofluids showed the better inactivation effect on E. coli. The results also displayed that in this work, ultrasound was mainly worked as a pre-treatment step, instead of a disinfection method.
Preparation of Nano-Composite Photocatalyst to Remove TOC in Power Plant Boiler Make-Up Water
Authors: Yang Bo , Li Mao Dong , Zhang Hui , Zhao Jun Ming , Lin Jin Mei , Yu Ai Zhi , Li Shi Ping
Published: August 2014

A series of ZnO-TiO2 nanocomposite photocatalysts were prepared to remove TOC in Power plant Boiler Make-up Water. The catalysts were prepared by solid-state method and characterized by the means of XRD, TEM and UV-Vis. Compared with pure TiO2, the catalytic activity of the nanocomposite photo-catalyst was improved significantly. The experiment results show that the ZnO-TiO2 nanocomposite with ZnO/TiO2 molar ratios of 2:1 was the most efficient photocatalysts. Under the solar irradiation (3.5×104 lux) for 5 h at pH 7.0, the photocatalytic effect could be as high as 92.6% and the TOC removal efficiency was 89.4%, which indicates that photodegradation and mineralization of HA are synchronous, the two results correlate well.
Polyamine Type IEF’s Adsorption Efficiency to Cyanide and Copper
Authors: Li Ming Yu , Li Zhi Hao , Zeng Qing Xuan , Cao Zhan Qiang
Published: August 2014

The adsorption capacity of two kinds of Ion exchange fiber (IEF) was compared to treat the wastewater contained CNT and Cu, then adsorption efficiency of Poly Acrylo-amidino Triethylene tetramine Fiber (PATAF) was studied under different pH (7.5-9.0) and flow rate (80.4-160.8 BV⋅h-1). The concentration of cyanide and complex ion were measured at pH=8, flow rate=126.0 BV⋅h-1, and the desorption conditions were studied under different concentration and flow rate.
Research on the Electromagnetic Field Distribution of the Static Horizontal Electric Dipole in Shallow Sea
Authors: Feng Han Chen , Chen Cong , Li Ding Guo
Published: August 2014

As a result of ship’s corrosion and anti-corrosion in shallow sea, the static electric field and static magnetic field can be produced around ships, which are referred to the static corrosion-related electromagnetic field. In order to analyze the field characteristics, a static horizontal electric dipole which is located in shallow sea is usually adopted to simulate the field. So,the electromagnetic field distribution of the electric dipole is very important because it is the base of analysis. In this paper, some research has been performed on the electromagnetic field of an electric dipole in three-layered conductive media. At first, equivalent source method has been used to derive the distribution expressions of the electromagnetic field in seawater. Then numerical simulation method has been used to do a contrastive analysis of the distribution characteristics of the electric field and magnetic field. At last, some experiments have been done in laboratory to prove the correctness of the theoretical derivation and the simulation analysis. The research results establish the foundation for the further application research.
Transmission Line State Maintenance Expert System Development and Design
Authors: Liu Yao Jun , Guo Zhuo Li , Chen Hua Pu
Published: August 2014

When the human to transmission line repair, many potential risks and fault will cannot be found in time, resulting in not by prior treatment measures to ensure the safety and reliability of the power supply. To realize the state overhaul transmission line, can reduce the blindness of maintenance, improve the transmission line operation stability and save a lot of manpower material resources. Transmission line state repair work there are many difficulties, so in the state overhaul transmission line, on the basis of elaborating the transmission line design condition maintenance expert system, in order to improve the transmission lines the state overhaul of work efficiency.
Forecasting Stock Price Based on Back Propagation Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Li , Xu Qing Yang , Chen Chao , Bao Zeng Jun
Published: August 2014

The stock market is a nonlinear dynamics system with enormous information, which is difficult to predict effectively by traditional methods. The model of stock price forecast based on BP Neutral-Network is put forward in this article. The paper try to find the way how to predictive the stock price. Exhaustive method is used for the hidden layer neurons and training method determination. Finally the experiment results show that the algorithm get better performance in stock price prediction.
The Research into Biorthogonal Six-Variable Wavelet Packets with Two-Scale and Applications in Material Science
Authors: Wang Shi Heng , Jiao Chun Yi , Zhao Jian Tang
Published: August 2014

Material science is an interdisciplinary field applying the properties of matter to various areas of science and engineering. In this paper, the notion of orthogonal nonseparable six-variable wavelet bundles is introduced. A new method for designing them is presented by iteration process. A nice approach for constructing six-variable biorthogonal wavelet bundles is developed. The bi-orthogonality property of six-variable wavelet packets is discussed. Biorthogonality formulas con-cerning these six-variable wavelet packets are obtained. A constructive method for affine frames is presented. Moreover, it is shown how to get new Riesz bases of from the wavelet bundles.
Numerical Investigation on the Fatigue Behavior of the Multi-Planar Tubular DX-Joint under Combined Loads
Authors: Liu Gui Jie , Zhang Yu , Farooq Basit
Published: August 2014

The stress concentration factors (SCFs) is used in the fatigue design for calculating hot-spot stress. However a major issue can be noted that the majority of research results are focused on the SCF distribution of uni-planar tubular joints subjected to the single basic load. By aiming to find the solution of this problem, the distribution of SCFs at the weld toe of a multi-planar tubular DX-joint which is subjected to the two set of the balanced combined loading components at the end of in-plane braces is studied by the finite element method. Thus it is concluded that for the axial plus in-plane bending load case, hot-spot stress location varies between saddle and crown position; while the location is invariably at the saddle position under combined axial plus out-of-plane bending loads. At last the API RP2A equation for predicting hot-spot stress is used for comparison with the finite element analysis results. Meanwhile the distribution of SCFs is also provided, that information indicates the-hot spot location along the weld toe affects the crack initiation.
Research on Dynamic Path Selection Improved Dijkstra Algorithm
Authors: Gao Xiu Li , Hu Tian Jun , Zheng Jia
Published: August 2014

Dynamic path selection algorithm is one of the most important researches in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). After comparing in this article, we select Dijkstra algorithm as the optimal path algorithm. The traditional algorithm applies only to the static road network, the improved algorithm obtained optimal path planning program in the dynamic path selection. Finally, the combination of a numerical example, the improved algorithm for real-time, dynamic, effectiveness is verified through computer simulation. The accuracy of the prediction of the traffic flow plays a key role in the path planning, and the fusion forecast information dynamic path selection problem has important practical significance.
Optimal Selection Method of Test Points on Circuit Board Level
Authors: Duan Xiu Sheng , Li Sheng Jun , Xiao Jing , Wang Jie
Published: August 2014

Test point selection is the basic problem of fault diagnosis systems. It is also one of the key links in designing the condition monitoring system. Aiming at the optimizing the test points on circuit board level, an optimal selection method is proposed. It is the method which combines the SVM algorithm and the feature selection method. The principle and process of the method are discussed in detail and in the fault diagnosis experiment of a circuit board, the effectiveness is verified finally.
Hydraulic Circulation Test and CFD Analysis of Prestressed Cementing Unit Earth Anchor
Authors: Li Ding
Published: August 2014

In the process of thickened oil thermal recovery, the pre-stress cementing needs to be anchored at the bottom of the casing pipe. And the reliable opening and closing of anchor flukes directly influence the anchoring. In allusion to the problems of how to get the critical value of drilling fluid flow rate of when the anchor flukes begin to open, completely open, begin to close and completely close, whether different nozzles can open or close reliably, getting the corresponding differential pressure and discharge coefficient of the different nozzles, this paper conducts a study from both theory and experiment to obtain the relevant parameters. By simulating the anchor in actual work and dealing with the data, we conclude that: (1) The fluke can open smoothly when the flow rate reaches a certain flow and it can also close smoothly when the flow rate declines. (2) The critical flow rate of the flukes, when two kinds of anchors are with different nozzles, has been acquired. (3) Corresponding differential pressure and discharge coefficient of the different nozzles in different flow rate have been ascertained.
Numerical Analysis of Roll Waves Generation on Non-Newtonian Fluids Flowing down an Inclined Plane
Authors: de Oliveira Ferreira Fabiana , de Freitas Maciel Geraldo , Fiorot Guilherme Henrique , da Cunha Evandro Fernandes
Published: August 2014

This article aims to determine roll waves generation criteria for mudflow events. A representative system of equations to mudflows is reached through Cauchy’s equations (mass andmomentumconservation) with proper stress tensor (non-Newtonian fluid) in shallow water conditions. Linear stability analysis is then applied to the system and two roll waves generation criteria are found: one related to Froude number and another related to flow disturbance frequency. Numerical simulations for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids were carried. Good agreement was observed between numerical results and theoretical criteria.
A New Method of Data Smoothing for Scan-Line Point Cloud in Reverse Engineering
Authors: Zhao Ping , Bai Xue Wei , Li Yong Kui , Li Ying , Lv Chang Yi
Published: August 2014

Based on summarizing characteristics of three common kinds of filter method (median filter, mean filter and Gaussian filter) through theory analysis and experiments in Imageware software, a more effective method of smoothing point cloud data was proposed, and the algorithm was realized by programming in MATLAB. Experimental results show that the proposed method combines the advantages of the median filter and mean filter in together, achieves the purpose of smoothing, also ensures the shape of the original data. This research result will lay a foundation for subsequent reconstruction precision of curved surface.
Implementation of Collaborative Process Planning System
Authors: Su Ying Ying , Zhang Feng Rong
Published: August 2014

To ensure competitiveness in today’s market, process planning should be collaboratively performed in manufacturing enterprises. Since process planning is a huge and complex job, several designers should process planning together. Designers consult with one another regarding the results through continuous communication and collaboration. In this research, key technologies are studied according to requirements analysis on collaborative process planning system. The flow is described based on the characters of collaborative process planning. The structure of this system is built and the system is implemented to save the cost and improve the reliability of process planning.
Predicting Tool Point FRF by RCSA in High Speed Milling
Authors: Wen Kun Long , Qi Hou Jun
Published: August 2014

Tool point frequency response function (FRF) is the key parameters to predict the milling stability in high-speed milling. Receptance coupling substructure analysis (RCSA) is described to predict the tool point FRF. The major difficulties in RCSA are the identification of joint connection parameters and the obtaining of FRFs of substructure. This paper separation of the milling system into three substructures: the machine-spindle-holder taper, the extended holder-tool shank, and the tool extended portion. Develop the connection model compose of linear and rotational springs and dampers. Determine the substructure FRF by measurement and Euler-Bernoulli beam model. Tool point FRF is obtained by coupling the substructure FRFs through the connection model by RCSA.
A Simulation and Optimization Study of Assemble Production Line
Authors: Wang Li Li , Liu Yu Jie , Xie Tong Tong
Published: August 2014

As to the BSP model assembly line balancing problem, an integration to random distribution about the field data in statistical software of SPSS, is made in the paper with software of eM-Plant, a model and simulate to the production line is built to discover the bottleneck of the production line and the unbalance problem of line fast and accurately. The optimization design and simulation analysis and evaluation can be achieved to optimization goal and shorten the optimization time.
Optimal Scheduling of Multiple-Line Collaborative Manufacturing Based on Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Zhang San Qiang , Yu Dao Yuan , Shao Xin Yu , Zhang Chao Yong , Lin Wen Wen , Liu Sheng Qiang , Wang Yuan Fang
Published: August 2014

A mathematical model of multiple-linecollaborative manufacturing was formulated in this paper, and teaching-learning-based optimization algorithm was applied to solve the problem. A set of production orders are taken as example. The results prove that the mathematical model and algorithm can perform well in optimal scheduling of multiple-linecollaborative manufacturing.
Selection Algorithm of Developing New Products in Complex Environmental Constraints
Authors: Zhu Xu Ying , Hou Kai Hu , Chen Cheng , Zhang Fei , Cao Li Yin
Published: August 2014

This paper focused on selecting and developing the optimal new products in the environment of complex constraints. Selection models of new products development plans in the complex environmental constraints have been established. The models were designed by designing five variables, defining the four basic model’s initialization and analyzing variable structures of models. Based on the model and the actual problems, the optimal selection algorithm models of new product development’s plan in the complex environmental constraints have been designed. First of all, new product’s evaluation was evaluated by using the environmental factors to calculate the weight of related factors in this environment. Secondly, the data’s table of algorithm and the iterative process were designed. Finally, the optimal new product by iterative algorithm was employed to prove the optimal solution of in the algorithm. The model and algorithm in the specific implementation process has good flexibility, high efficiency and optimality.
Prediction of Electric Vehicle Sales Based on Grey Linear Regression Model
Authors: Liang Di , Hu Ya Feng
Published: August 2014

With increasing awareness of environmental protection, electric vehicle becomes more and more important in daily life. The electric vehicle sales forecast can occupy a favorable position in the unpredictably market. The grey theory is mainly applied to single exponential growth of data sequence, as well as the linear regression model needs to collect a large quantity of data. For these problems, this paper puts forward the grey linear regression model to predict the electric vehicle sales and result is calculated by using Matlab programming. Matlab is software which can carry out numerical calculation. The feasibility of this combination model is verified through the example. It can obtain higher prediction accuracy by collecting relative little data. The combination model has a lot of advantages in the electric vehicle sales prediction.
Reverse Logistics Network Design for End of Life Computer in Malaysia
Authors: Chong Siaw Hua , Pauline Ong , Sulaiman Hasan
Published: August 2014

Thousand Millions of e-waste generated annually over the world. In 2012 289.32 metrics kilotones of e-waste generated in Malaysia. A good reverse logistics network design is needed to support the product recovery process in order to reduce waste disposal and landfill. This paper propose a mathematical model to examine if the reverse logistics of each state on Malaysia can be sustain with the profit made from resell of refurbished computers and components to cover the cost of overall system. In the case study we examine the model in each state of Malaysia with the information of Malaysia Census 2010 to determine if any such facility can be establish. The research will recommend reverse logistics approach appropriate to Malaysia.
System Feedback Structure Analysis about Implementation of Green Supply Chain Management
Authors: Fu Zhen Wei , Chen Ting , Zhao Shun Wei , He Cheng Gang , Guo Jian
Published: August 2014

This paper based on the analysis of system structure, uses the method of rate-variable fundamental in-tree of system dynamics, and establishes the feedback structure model of green supply chain management (GSCM) implementation system, using the minimum Archetype Generating set to generate the small feedback archetypes, and find out the dominant factors in the system. Through analyzing the feedback archetypes of the system, put forward to the countermeasures and measures to improve the quality of GSCM implementation.
Rise Steel Wind-Induced Response Analysis
Authors: Hu Ya Nan , Xu Qing , Wu Guo Qiang
Published: August 2014

Taking a rise steel as a study, study response of the structure to the dynamic characteristics under fluctuating wind load. The results showed that: deformation of structure under the fluctuating wind load is shear deformation; Structural displacement response curve is similar to the curve of the pressure time history. Because of consider different heights the structure of spatial correlation affect, Displacement positions on different floors response curves are differ.
Different Types Cross Section Columns Combination of Multi-Layer Steel Frames Optimum Design Analysis
Authors: Zou Xue , Bao En He
Published: August 2014

In order to study the feasibility of different types cross section columns combination of multi-layer steel frames optimum design, considering the basic cycle, the first layer shear-weight ratio, steel weight of structure and other factors to establish different types of models. Through the each model fees of different engineering cost quota, then from cost of the project perspective to analyze the optimum design of multi-layer steel frames. The analysis results: Two kinds of calculations of the project cost of each model’s main structure are different, the project cost quota of Guangxi mainly depends on steel weight of each component type, but the project cost quota of Osaka region general considering the component types and cost of material and processing fees which are determined by section types, and welding quantity is single calculated, model CM4 corresponds well. On the whole, model CM4 has the lower expenses. So Guangxi district should refining component types and section types and then determine production and installation fees.
The Design of Gluing Robot Control System Based on CAN Bus
Authors: Yang Xu Dong
Published: August 2014

CAN bus was used as the data transferring channels in the two–level controllers, and the real-time,dexterity,expansibility and security for the Gluing control system based on CAN bus can be improved obviously.The system structure, principle and software design were introduced.The experiment shows that it is a reliable control system and it can meet the requirements of automatic gluing tasks.
The Device for Control Objects Identification: Getting Temporal Dynamic Characteristics
Authors: Goncharov Valery I. , Onufriev Vadim A. , Perebeynosova Ekaterina S.
Published: August 2014

The authors consider the problem of numerical inversion of Laplace transform using its values of the Laplace-image defined on the positive real half-axis of the complex plane. The main distinction of the proposed path associated with the method of forming these values. This path is based on a special case of the direct formula of the Laplace transform, when complex variable degenerates into a real variable. As a result, they continue getting image-function, but these functions have an important feature for numerical problems – they have a real argument. The presence of a continuous-time function allows implementing her sampling more reasonably, for example, taking into account the properties of the differentiating features. One more attractive possibility – generalization sampling, conversion and interpolation algorithms for transfer functions with irrational and transcendental expressions. The paper presents the necessary information about obtaining of real functions images and their usage in problems of the Laplace transform inversion. The method is based on the representation of function originals as a segment of series on the exponential Chebyshev polynomials. An example is given.
Analysis of Degree of Freedom of 4-SPxyzS/S Parallel Mechanism of the Imitation of Human Wrist
Authors: Zang Ke Jiang , Zang Wan Shun , Li Cai Hua , Hu Xiao Ping , Wang Hai Xiang
Published: August 2014

The human wrist has three rotational DOFs. Elbow muscle group work together to drive the wrist joint. According to the above characteristics of human wrist, parallel mechanism with three rotational DOFs of the imitation of human wrist is built. Traditional method for calculating DOF based on arithmetic is not that accurate. The method for analysis of DOF based on theory of constraint screw is explained. According to theory of constraint screw, the parallel mechanism built was analyzed. All the kinematic pairs in the mechanism will be expressed with screws so that the common constraints and the over constraints will be obtained. Through analysis above, the DOFs of the mechanism can be calculated and which a few degrees of freedom of the mechanism will be known. The new method avoids the disadvantages of the traditional method.
Restoration of Motion Blurred Image Based on PSO Combine Wiener Filter in Ship Imaging System
Authors: Fu Hui Xuan , Wang Yu Chao , Su Xun
Published: August 2014

Ship internal equipment vibration will cause the imaging system platform vibration, resulting in blurred images. Wiener Filter is often used to restore the motion blurred image. The principle of the method expects to minimize the mean square error between the restore image and original image. However, this method has some constrains, if parameter selection improper, it generates ringing effect easily. Usually, most users select parameter by rule of thumb, so they frequently fail to generate the optimal solution. In order to get high quality restore image, eliminate the ringing effect, a new approach based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) Wiener Filter was proposed, which automatically adjusts the parameter for Wiener Filter, this method seek the optimal solution by transferring information between individuals and information sharing, which is a highly efficient parallel search algorithm, insuring the accuracy of parameter selection, effectively reducing the ringing effect after image restoration, improve image quality of restoration.
Review on Application of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Identification Technology in Sorting Impurities from Waste Paper
Authors: Xin Hai Ming , Shan Dong Ri , Gao Cheng Min
Published: August 2014

With rapid increase of waste paper recycling, more and more researchers focus on the advanced technologies of sorting impurities form waste paper. The principals of main identification and sorting technologies are introduced in this paper, whose advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Because of importance of sorting technologies based on near-infrared spectroscopy, we emphasis its principle, application and research status etc.. At last, research and development tendency of identification and sorting technology are prospected.
Research on Surface Defect Detection Technique of Rolling Element Based on Computer Vision
Authors: Ren Chuan , Xiu Xiao Yu , Zhou Guo Hui
Published: August 2014

This paper proposed a new method of surface defect detection of rolling element based on computer vision, which adopted CCD digital camera as image sensor, and used digital image processing techniques to defect the surface defects of rolling element. The main steps include collect image, use an improved median filter to reduce the noise, increase or decrease the exposure to achieve the image enhancement, create a binary image with threshold method and detect the edge of the image, and use subtraction method for surface defects identification. The experiment indicates that the above methods the advantages of simple, the capability of noise resistance, high speed processing and better real-time.
Reconfigurable Boundary Scan Tester Using Cellular-Automata Register Technology
Authors: Peng Kai Bei , Zhang Jin Tao
Published: August 2014

In this paper we reconfigure the input boundary-scan register to an operable test pattern generator that provides test patterns to the logic circuit for a predetermined number of clock cycles upon receipt of the built-in self-test control signal. The output boundary-scan register is reconfigurable to operate as an output response analyser that is driven by the logic circuit for the predetermined number of clock cycles upon receipt of the built-in self-test control signal. A family of input and output boundary-scan cells that can be reconfigured as a linear feedback shift register and as a multiple-input shift register is disclosed.
Experimental Study on Spray Characteristics of N-Butanol/Acidic Oil/Diesel Blends
Authors: Wu Jian , Hua Yang , Wang Zhan Cheng , Zhu Li Li , Shang Wei Wei
Published: August 2014

In order to better research on the spray characteristics of biodiesel and n-butanol blends, an experimental study of spray characteristics of different fuel mixtures was investigated in a constant volume vessel using high speed photograph method, and analyzed the influence of different proportions of acidic oil biodiesel and n-butanol on the macroscopic parameters of spray penetration, spray cone angle and so on. The results show that with the increase of acidic oil biodiesel ratio, the air entrainment is weakened, spray penetration gradually increases and spray cone angle decreases under the same injection pressure and back pressure. After adding n-butanol in acidic oil biodiesel and diesel mixture fuel, the surrounding air entrainment is enhanced, and spray front end widen. With the increase of mixing ratio, spray penetration increases first, then decreases. The spray cone angle increases after adding n-butanol, and decreases with the increase of mixing ratio. The results show that adding n-butanol can be used as one of the methods to improve biodiesel spray characteristics.
Research Progress on Control Technology of Diesel Engine NOX and PM Emissions
Authors: Qiao Xing , Yuan Yin Nan , Chen Xiu , Lai Yong Bin , Cai Ling Ling , Chen Lei
Published: August 2014

With the promotion of energy-saving and exhaust reduction policy, the application of diesel engine has been further extended. The formation and harm of nitrogen oxides (NOX) and particulate matter (PM) were mentioned in detail, which are major pollutants in diesel exhaust. Reviewed the research progress and application of diesel engine exhaust emission control technology, fuel quality improvement, internal purification and after-treatment are introduced separately. Finally, the future development direction of exhaust emission control technology was given combining research situation of diesel engine.
Economic Analysis of Central Heating on Typical Climate Areas of China
Authors: Kong Liang , Hu Huai Sheng , Song Guang
Published: August 2014

As benefit of people’s livelihood and social justice issues highlighted and large scale of china had a cold winter in 2012, winter heating problem has been put on the national research agenda in area where hot in summer and cold in winter. This paper analyzes the climate and central heating features of three typical regions include extremely cold regions, cold regions and heating transition regions. Then the economy of three typical regions and the differences across regions from the perspective of heat price has been analyzed. This paper just provides a reference to study the winter heating in area where hot in summer and cold in winter.
Research of Solar Refrigeration Technology
Authors: Li Yang , Lv Song
Published: August 2014

This paper introduces the characteristics of solar energy and expounds the fundamental principle of the solar absorption refrigeration, adsorption refrigeration and ejector refrigeration.It also analyzes their respective advantages and disadvantages of three solar refrigeration techniques, and the future research direction of solar refrigeration technique is prospected.
Frequency Control of Fan and Pump in Flue Gas Desulfurization for Energy Saving and Environment Protection
Authors: Dong Zhi Feng , Han Yu Dong , Shao Lian , Cheng Xu Wen
Published: August 2014

The causes of greater energy loss for throttling in the fan and pump were analyzed, and the principle of frequency control in energy saving were analyzed on the basis of the similarity theory, too. To export the relationship between the power saving rate and flow, the relationship between the energy consumption of throttling regulation and flow were described. Comparison between frequency control and throttling regulation in changing the flow shows that motor frequency control applied in pump and fan is an efficient way to save power. It confirms that under meeting the similarity condition, the power saving rate of theoretical calculation is consistent with the measured data.
Comparison of Pretreatments for Lignocellulosic Biomass
Authors: Yang Dong , Wei Shi Jun , Wen Qing Mei , Zhang Xiao Jie
Published: August 2014

Ethanol is a kind of basic biomass liquid energy , the conversion of biomass to ethanol has been studied extensively. The process of biomass pretreatment can change its physical and chemical properties, and these changes affect the chemical conversion of biomass products in quality and yield of late. This paper reviews the physical method, chemical method, biological method, three kinds of pretreatment technique, the related principle and development prospects are introduced.
220/110 kV 250 MVA Autotransformer Kit
Authors: Tavlintsev Alexander , Eroshenko Stanislav , Kuzin Pavel , Kazantsev Alexander , Trembach Anton , Vozisova Olga , Koksharova Elizabeth , Zhavrid Natalia , Kunshin Victor , Bannih Paul , Baltin Denis
Published: August 2014

3D printing techniques gives a new power systems equipment industrial designing methods. In article considered a new constructor (kit) of 220/110 kV 250 MVA autotransformer from 220 kV «Ryabina» substation in 1/35 scale. Kit, realized by bachelor students of UrFU.
Application of Fuzzy Petri Nets in Hydraulic Pump Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Dong Hai , Xin Heng Bao
Published: August 2014

In this paper, an approach of fuzzy Petri nets (FPN) is proposed to simulate the fault spreading and diagnosis of hydraulic pump. First, the fuzzy production rules and the definition of FPN were briefly introduced. Then, its knowledge reasoning process and the matrix operations based on an algorithm were conducted, which makes full use of its parallel reasoning ability and makes it simpler and easier to implement. Finally, a case of hydraulic pump fault diagnosis with FPN was presented in detail, for illustrating the interest of the proposed modeling and analysis algorithm.
The Design of Intelligent Arm Using in Traffic Conductor
Authors: Chen Ping , Long Ling
Published: August 2014

The continuous development of city has brought greater pressure to urban traffic, in order to alleviate the pressure of traffic conductor, this paper puts forward a design scheme of intelligent arm using in traffic conductor. The intelligent arm consists of steering gear and kinds of stents, it has two joints and each joint with 360 degrees of freedom. The arm uses K60 MCU as the controller, acquires the traffic conditions from sensors, and poses kinds of gesture to direct traffic automatically. The intelligent arm can overcome the limitations of environmental climate, and replace some traffic police work. The design has the important significance for developing intelligent traffic.
Mechanical Properties of Structural Chuan-Dou Style Wooden Structure
Authors: Wang Jun Wei , Qiao Guan Feng , Niu Qing Fang , Li Tie Ying
Published: August 2014

In this paper, use the finite element analysis software ABAQUS to firstly analyze the mechanical response to simplified model of Chuan-dou type wooden structure under its own weight, followed by the analysis of the structure under horizontal reciprocating loading, and finally seismic performance analysis of the structure under earthquake. Use the same contact properties between the members, and the differences between dynamic friction coefficient and static friction coefficient are not distinguished. The results show that the wooden structure of ancient houses has good seismic performance, which is mainly achieved by the frame deformation and friction slip.
The Seismic Performance Analysis of Brick Masonry Wall between Windows
Authors: Wen Fei , Zhang Wen Fang
Published: August 2014

To research the brick masonry wall between windows under the low cyclic load test. Combining with ABAQUS finite element software simulated the wall between windows. Analyze the destruction process, ductility and seismic performance of the wall between windows. Explore the beneficial influence on the wall between windows which under the pressure. The results of study show that the brick masonry wall between windows occurred flexural failure.With the increase of pressure, the ductility of Brick masonry wall between windows will be decreased. But the yield load, maximum bearing capacity and limit bearing capacity is improved obviously. When compared 0.3MPa,the maximum bearing capacity under 0.4MPa, 0.5MPa, 0.6MPa increased by 8.3% , 16.4% and 23.9%. The seismic performance was improved. It had good engineering significance in practice.
Comparative Study of New Construction and Renovation Project Based on Carbon Emission
Authors: Qi Xi Jing , Peng Lu Xu , Lou Jian
Published: August 2014

Carbon emission is the final standard to test green building, and it's highly correlated with PM2.5. So, it's very important to establish a clear urban carbon reduction target to research accumulation and assessment framework of carbon emissions data, also, it's more important to establish a calculation model with high reliability of carbon emission used to evaluate the data. The carbon emission of construction is an important criterion to evaluate low-carbon index of construction. In this article, it takes a detailed analysis of carbon emission factors in .the construction life cycle with construction phase, usage and maintenance phase, and demolition recovery phase. At the same time, by the contrast and analysis, we can see that carbon emissions of renovation projects are much smaller than that of new projects, and making recommendations for reducing emissions.
The Calculation of Truss Deformation Using ANASYS
Authors: Ding Hui , Gu Dong Sheng , Hua Hai Tao , Zhou Tai Quan
Published: August 2014

The calculation of truss deformation under static loading is studied in this paper. First, an experiment was conducted to get the truss deformation for calibration. Second, the deformation was calculated by the principle of virtual work of structural mechanics and by Ansys. The calculated results agree well with the test result. Finally, some suggestions are presented to the calculation of more complicated truss structures.
Research on Air Filters’ Low-Order Mode Characteristics Based on Hyper Works
Authors: Wang Yong Tao , Zhang He Xi , Li Jia Chun , Lei Wei
Published: August 2014

The air filter in the course of their work will produce large vibration by the excitation source from the engine and other incentives will cause severe vibration response when the excitation frequency and its natural frequency close to shorten the life of the filter. Therefore, during the structural design must be modal analysis, its natural frequency to avoid the excitation frequency. This paper describes the application the HyperWorks right air filter of a particular model the steps of the modal analysis, its natural frequency, and the analysis and evaluation.
Research on Renewable Energy Technology Selection Model Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation in Beijing
Authors: Wang Mo Yu , Bai Bing Jie , Wang Yan Yan , Shen Xiao Liu
Published: August 2014

At present, China is in a critical period of energy restructuring. Renewable energy industry bear to ensure national energy security and achieve the historic task of energy for sustainable development. To speed up technological innovation of renewable energy industry has been a priority. Conducting systematic research of renewable energy technologies selected, not only can grasp the advantages of renewable energy resources, a clear direction of development of industrial technology, but also to enrich and improve the industrial technology innovation management theory and methods to make a positive contribution. This paper established a renewable three-dimensional evaluation model of industrial technology development (technology needs dimension, technology dimension and the supply of integrated environmental dimensions) ,and took Beijing as an example to calculate the Beijing photovoltaic, wind power, biomass and small hydro renewable energy generation technology evaluation results.
Some Thoughts on Coastal Nuclear Power Construction’s Safety
Authors: Chen Zhen
Published: August 2014

This article firstly describes the backgrounds and status of coastal nuclear power construction restarts, analyzing problems in coastal nuclear power construction’s safety, proposing safety strategies to reduce the risk of coastal nuclear power construction, and promotes economic development in coastal areas.
The Application Mode of Energy Big Data and its Enlightenment for Power Grid Enterprises
Authors: Sun Yi Xin , Yan Qing You
Published: August 2014

T
his paper
combined the basic attribute of big data with power grid enterprises characteristics, this paper put forward the concept and connotation of energy big data; combined with the experience of international advanced enterprises, three application modes of energy big data, including platform application, product application and data application were collated and proposed, and analyzed their role and function in power grid enterprises; analyzed the trend of energy big data and put forward suggestions for power grid enterprises.
Design of Intelligent Agricultural Management System Based on Internet of Things Technology
Authors: Gao Shan , Fan De Hui , Jiang Kai
Published: August 2014

In this paper, the authors introduce a design of intelligent agricultural management system. The system adopted the advanced Internet of things technology and geographic information system. It can make the farmland relevant data from the sensor system in real-time processing, and realized centralizing control management. Also, this paper proposes an agricultural management system routing protocol to improve the efficiency of sensor network management ability. According to the actual test, the system can dynamically adjust related environment parameters to the best of crop growth situation, and greatly improves the quality of the crops’ growth.
A Class of Nonlinear Weakly Singularity Wendroff Type Integral Inequality with Two Variables and Application
Authors: Wang Wu Sheng , Lai Yi Bing
Published: August 2014

In this paper, we establish a nonlinear weakly singularity Wendroff type integral inequality with two variables, which generalizes the unknown function with a variable to composite function of nonlinear function with unknown function with two variables. Under certain conditions, the estimation of unknown function is given by the technique of amplification, variable substitutions, integration and differentiation, discrete Jensen inequality.