bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEPEMIMPINAN VISIONER DAN EFIKASI DIRI DENGAN PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA GURU
Authors: Suk Yun Soung , Sumardi Sumardi , Putra Karantiano Sadasa
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyse the correlation of visionary leadership and self efficacy to teachers work productivity. This study is conducted in primary public school in District of Tamansari. The study population is 168 teachers and the number of sample is 118 teachers decided by proportional random sampling. Data were collected by questionnaire. The data analysis technique applied correlation regression partial and multiple. The result shows that there is positive correlation between vissionary leadership and teachers work productivity (the correlation coefficient ry1 = 0,530 and the detemination coefficient r2 y1=0,281), there is positive correlation between self efficacy and teachers work productivity (the correlation coefficient ry2 =0,472 and the determination coefficient r2 y2=0,222), and there is positive correlation of visionary leadership and self efficacy to teachers work productivity (the correlation coefficient ry12 = 0,562 and the determination coefficient R2 y.12= 0,316). Based on the result, it can be concluded that the teachers work productivity could be enhanced through visionary leadership and self efficacy either partially or concurrently.Keyword: teachers work productivity, visionary leadership, self efficacy
HUBUNGAN ANTARA GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN KARISMATIK KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN KEPRIBADIAN DENGAN KEINOVATIFAN GURU
Authors: Sutianah Elis , Sunaryo Widodo , Yusuf Adie E.
Published: July 2019

The objective of this research is to analyze the correlation between The Charismatic Leadership Style and Personality with the Teachers Innovation. This research uses two independent variables, those are The Charismatic Leadership Style and Personality with the Teachers Innovation. The research was conducted at 15 states Junior High Schools at Cicurug Subdistrict Sukabumi West Java in 2017 with 130 samples selected from 193 of populations, selected by Proporsional Random Sampling . This research uses survey method by analyzing data with sample and multiple correlation statistic test. The research concludes that: First, there is positive and highly significant correlation between Charismatic Leadership Style (X1) and Teachers Innovation. (Y) with regression equation ? = 49,037 + 0,603 X1 and correlation coefficient ry1 = 0,7164 and determination coefficient r2y1 = 0,5132. Second; there was positive and highly significant correlation between Personality (X2) with Teachers Innovation. with regression equation ? = 46,384 + 0,634 X2 and correlation coefficient ry2 = 0,6989 and determination coefficient r2y2 = 0,4884; and the Third, there was positive highly significant correlation between Charismatic Leadership Style (X1) and Personality (X2) all together with Teachers Innovation. (Y) with regression eqution ? = 18,872 + 0,422 ,422 ????X + 0,419 X2. , correlation coefficient ry12 = 0,8290 and r_(y.12)^2 determination coefficient 0,6873, or it means that the contribution of pedagogical competencies and achivement motivation links to Teachers Innovation. Based on the description above,teachers innovation can be enhanced through Charismatic Leadership Style and Personality.Keywords: Charismatic Leadership, Personality, Teacher Innovation
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL DAN MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI DENGAN KREATIVITAS KERJA GURU
Authors: Sugiarti Sugiarti , Retnowati Rita , Suhardi Eka
Published: July 2019

The teachers creativity is a behavior that shows acceptance and implementation of performance changes either in the form of ideas, processes or products that have added values to achieve the goals of quality education. This study is a correlation research consisting of two independent variables and one dependent variable, namely the teachers professional commpetence and achievement motivation with teachers working creativity. This research was carried out in 20 of State Elementary School in North Telukjambe Region of Karawang district in west java with total population are 198 state teacher, using survey method. The total sample are 133. The sampling technique is the proportional random sampling. The data were analyzed using correlational and simple linier regressional statistical technique. The hypothesis were tested at the 0.05 significance level. The research result shows that 1) there is positive correlation between a teachers professional commpetence (X1) with teachers creativity (Y) with an rx1y = 0.417 with regression equation ? = 133.5 + 1.186 X1, 2) there is positive correlation between teachers creativity (X2) with teachers working creativity with an rx2y = 0.456 with regression equation ? = 51.91+ 0.753X2, 3) there is positive correlation between a teachers professional commpetence and achievement motivation together with teachers creativity with an rx1x2y = 0.554 with regression equation ? = 49.420 + 0.919X1 + 0.620X2. The implications of this research is to increase of the creativity of teacher that can be done by increasing indicators of teachers professional commpetence and achievement motivation variables, either individually or collectively.Keyword: Teachers Creativity, Professional Commpetence, Achievement Motivation
EVALUASI PELATIHAN DASAR CALON PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL DALAM MENDUKUNG TERWUJUDNYA SUMBERDAYA MANUSIA PROFESIONAL BERKARAKTER
Authors: Rohaini Rahmi Astuti , Hidayat Nandang , Sutisna Entis
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tentang Efektivitas Latsar CPNS Pusdiklat SDM LHK pada tingkat reaksi, pembelajaran, perilaku dan hasil. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan model Kirckpatrick. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Pusat Diklat SDM Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Bogor. Populasi penelitian adalas peserta Latsar CPNS angkatan 4 tahun 2018. Pengumpulan data untuk setiap variabel menggunakan skala Likert. Teknik analisis menggunakan Analisis Deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi tingkat reaksi, diketahui peserta menyatakan pelatihan telah dilaksanakan secara efektif. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi pada tingkat pembelajaran peserta menyatakan pelatihan telah dilaksanakan secara efektif. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi pada tingkat perilaku peserta menyatakan telah dilaksanakan secara efektif. Khusus untuk partisipasi dalam kerja tim, responden menilai belum optimal yaitu cukup efektif. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi pada tingkat hasil atasan langsung peserta pelatihan menyatakan telah efektif. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil evaluasi terhadap Latsar CPNS telah dilakukan secara efektif.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGAJARAN GURU DITINJAU DARI ADVERSITY QUOTIENT DAN INTEGRITAS
Authors: Firdaus Yocky , Sumardi Sumardi , Istiadi Yossa
Published: July 2019

Efektivitas pengajaran guru merupakan kunci kemajuan pendidikan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan adversity quotient dan integritas dengan efektifitas pengajaran. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMP Swasta Kota Sukabumi pada tahun 2018. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 223 orang dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 144 orang yang ditentukan secara proportional random sampling. Pengumpulan dara untuk setiap variabel yang diteliti menggunakan angket dengan skala (Rating Scale). Teknik analisis menggunakan korelasi regrei parsial dan korelasi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat hubungan antara adversity quotient dengan efektifitas pengajaran (ry1 = 0,616), terdapat hubungan antara integritas dengan efektifitas pengajaran (ry2 = 0,638) dan terdapat hubungan antara adversity quotient, integritas dengan efektifitas pengajaran (ry12 = 0,477). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa efektifitas pengajaran dapat ditingkatkan melalui adversity quotient dan integritas baik secara parsial maupun secara bersama-sama.
The Profile of Ameloblastoma and the Status of Routine Clinical Records from a Developing Country Context
Authors: Chandima Suneth , Perera Irosha , Shanmuganathan Suresh , Gunathilake Sharika , Silva Dinusha
Published: July 2019

Ameloblastoma is a common odontogenic tumor with the potential of local invasion and recurrences. Moreover, it has a variable presentation and many challenges surrounding the management of the condition [1]. From public health perspectives through to molecular aetiopathogenesis it paints the portrait of heterogeneity and complexity [2-4]. For example, gender and age distribution, presenting complaints, the clinical record keeping scenarios in developing countries compared to the developed countries, the aggressive potential for local invasion, possibility for malignant transformation etc. Moreover, choosing the optimal mode of management (radical vs conservative surgery) poses a dilemma to the clinician. Findings of retrospective studies on de-identified case notes retrieved for varying follow-up periods provides the major source of scientific evidence on management of ameloblastoma.
Reliability and Validity Estimation of Urdu Version of Organizational Commitment Questionnaire-Revised
Authors: Abbas Qasir , Jahan Khanam Sarwat , Ahmad Riaz
Published: July 2019

Present study aimed to establish the psychometric properties of Urdu Translation of Organizational Commitment Questionnaire-Revised Version (OCQ-R; Meyer, Allen, & Smith, 1993). This process completed in three phases. Phase-I comprised of forward backward translations and then its linguistic equivalence was estimated with English version of OCQ-R on a group of bilingual respondents (N = 45). In Phase-II, reliability estimation of OCQRV including alpha coefficient index, split half, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was calculated on a sample of 360 respondents (165 men, 195 women) with age range between 25-40 years. Further, OCQ-R test re-test reliability was checked with one-week interval over 42 respondents. All indexes were calculated were found to be significant. In Phase III, OCQ-R validity estimation was established over sample of 310 participants using Urdu version of Job Satisfaction Survey (Spector, 1985), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form (Petrides & Furnhm, 2006) along with OCQ-R. Findings showed that Urdu version of OCQ-R demonstrated significant positive correlation with Urdu version of Job Satisfaction Survey, Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire. It was concluded that Urdu version of OCQ-R showed sound psychometric properties and emerged as a culturally valid, reliable, and acceptable tool.
Hardiness as a Moderator in the Relationship Between Emotional Autonomy and Depression Among Adolescents
Authors: Dhillon Rupan , Mehra Nishtha
Published: July 2019

The present study has been designed to study the hardiness as a moderating variable in the autonomy and depression relationship. For this purpose, a sample of 300 adolescents (boys = 129, girls = 171) was collected belonging to 16 to 19 years of age. Incidental sampling technique was employed. The Emotional Autonomy Scale (Steinberg & Silverberg, 1986), Beck Depression Inventory (Beck, 1961) and Personal View Survey (Kobasa, 1986) were used to study the variables. Statistical analysis revealed emotional autonomy as a significant predictor of depression. Hardiness moderates this relationship significantly. There was a significant difference in the relationship between depression and emotional autonomy for three levels of hardiness (low, average, and high). The relationship between emotional autonomy and depression was observed to be stronger for low levels of hardiness.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEBIASAAN OLAHRAGA DAN MASA KERJA DENGAN KELUHAN MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDER PADA DOKTER GIGI DAN MAHASISWA KEDOKTERAN GIGI DI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Ningrum Valendriyani , Bakar Abu , Rifani Rifani
Published: July 2019

Prevalensi keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada dokter gigi dan mahasiswa kedokteran gigi memiliki tingkat yang tinggi. beberapa faktor telah dipertimbangkan menjadi penyebab dari MSD. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa olahraga dan masa kerja merupakan faktor terjadinya MSD. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kebiasaan olahraga dan masa kerja terhadap gangguan muskuloskeletal (MSD) pada dokter gigi dan mahasiswa kedokteran gigi di Sumatera Barat. Desain penelitian ini adalah observasional cross sectional study dengan 261 dokter gigi dan mahasiswa kedokteran gigi sebagai subjek penelitian. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaires (CMDQ). Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara kebiasaan olahraga dan MSD leher atas dan leher bawah (0,000) selanjutnya tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kebiasaan olahraga dan MSD pada pinggang, bahu kanan, dan pergelangan tangan kanan. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara lama waktu kerja dan MSD pada pinggang, leher atas, bahu kanan, pergelangan tangan kanan, dan leher bawah
HUBUNGAN INDEKS SEVERITAS KARIES DENGAN PH SALIVA PADA PENYANDANG TUNAGRAHITA DI PANTI SOSIAL BINA GRAHITA (SBG) HARAPAN IBU KALUMBUAK KOTA PADANG TAHUN 2018
Authors: Khamisli Yuhelmina , Elianora Dewi , Mahata Intan Batura Endo
Published: July 2019

Pendahuluan: Karies merupakan hilangnya ion-ion mineral secara terus menerus dari permukaan email atau permukaan akar gigi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Kerusakan ini ditandai dengan adanya white spot lesion atau bercak putih. Sebuah gigi dapat mengalami proses demineralisasi dan remineralisasi, ketika pH turun menjadi 5,5 proses demineralisasi menjadi lebih cepat dari pada proses remineralisasi. Penyandang tunagrahita memiliki risiko yang tinggi terhadap masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut daripada orang normal karena penyandang tunagrahita memiliki keterbatasan dalam merawat diri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan indeks severitas karies dengan pH saliva pada penyandang tunagrahita di Panti Sosial Bina Grahita (SBG) Harapan Ibu Kalumbuak Kota Padang. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini merupakan analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 100 orang diperoleh dengan total sampling. Karies diukur menggunakan indeks DMF-T. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi – square. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan indeks DMF-T berada pada kategori tinggi serta pH saliva asam. Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapatnya hubungan indeks severitas karies dengan pH saliva pada penyandang tunagrahita
Towards a Physiological Scale of Vocal Fold Agent-Based Models of Surgical Injury and Repair: Sensitivity Analysis, Calibration and Verification
Authors: Garg Aman , Yuen Samson , Seekhao Nuttiiya , Yu Grace , Karwowski Jeannie , Powell Michael , Sakata Jon , Mongeau Luc , JaJa Joseph , Li-Jessen Nicole
Published: July 2019

Agent based models (ABM) were developed to numerically simulate the biological response to surgical vocal fold injury and repair at the physiological level. This study aimed to improve the representation of existing ABM through a combination of empirical and computational experiments. Empirical data of vocal fold cell populations including neutrophils, macrophages and fibroblasts were obtained using flow cytometry up to four weeks following surgical injury. Random Forests were used as a sensitivity analysis method to identify model parameters that were most influential to ABM outputs. Statistical Parameter Optimization Tool for Python was used to calibrate those parameter values to match the ABM-simulation data with the corresponding empirical data from Day 1 to Day 5 following surgery. Model performance was evaluated by verifying if the empirical data fell within the 95% confidence intervals of ABM outputs of cell quantities at Day 7, Week 2 and Week 4. For Day 7, all empirical data were within the ABM output ranges. The trends of ABM-simulated cell populations were also qualitatively comparable to those of the empirical data beyond Day 7. Exact values, however, fell outside of the 95% statistical confidence intervals. Parameters related to fibroblast proliferation were indicative to the ABM-simulation of fibroblast dynamics in final stages of wound healing.
Assessment of Deep Learning Methodology for Self-Organizing 5G Networks
Authors: Asghar Muhammad Zeeshan , Abbas Mudassar , Zeeshan Khaula , Kotilainen Pyry , Hämäläinen Timo
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we present an auto-encoder-based machine learning framework for self organizing networks (SON). Traditional machine learning approaches, for example, K Nearest Neighbor, lack the ability to be precisely predictive. Therefore, they can not be extended for sequential data in the true sense because they require a batch of data to be trained on. In this work, we explore artificial neural network-based approaches like the autoencoders (AE) and propose a framework. The proposed framework provides an advantage over traditional machine learning approaches in terms of accuracy and the capability to be extended with other methods. The paper provides an assessment of the application of autoencoders (AE) for cell outage detection. First, we briefly introduce deep learning (DL) and also shed light on why it is a promising technique to make self organizing networks intelligent, cognitive, and intuitive so that they behave as fully self-configured, self-optimized, and self-healed cellular networks. The concept of SON is then explained with applications of intrusion detection and mobility load balancing. Our empirical study presents a framework for cell outage detection based on an autoencoder using simulated data obtained from a SON simulator. Finally, we provide a comparative analysis of the proposed framework with the existing frameworks.
Wind Tunnel Study on Bidirectional Vibration Control of Lattice Towers with Omnidirectional Cantilever-Type Eddy Current TMD
Authors: Lou Wenjuan , Wen Zuopeng , Chen Yong , Huang Mingfeng
Published: July 2019

An omnidirectional cantilever-type eddy current tuned mass damper (ECTMD) for lattice towers is introduced to suppress bidirectional vibration of lattice towers, in a form of a cantilever beam with a tip magnet mass. The damping of the ECTMD can be easily changed by tuning the amount of the current. A typhoon-fashion wind environment is simulated for the wind tunnel test. Test results show that there exists an optimal damping of the ECTMD along with an optimal frequency ratio. The scaled aeroelastic model is tested under various wind conditions, and a good effectiveness of ECTMD is observed. The wind directions, perpendicular and parallel to the cross-arm, are the most critical for the design of ECTMD, as the vibration mitigation in either of these two cases is relatively weaker. Finally, a simplified model is established for theoretical analysis in the frequency domain, whereby the variance responses of the tower with and without ECTMD are computed. The numerical results agree well with the experimental results, which corroborates the feasibility of using the proposed omnidirectional cantilever-type ECTMD in suppressing the vibrations of the tower in both along-wind and across-wind directions.
The Role of Distinctive Sphingolipids in the Inflammatory and Apoptotic Effects of Electronegative LDL on Monocytes
Authors: Puig Núria , Estruch Montserrat , Jin Lei , Sanchez-Quesada Jose Luis , Benitez Sonia
Published: July 2019

Electronegative low-density lipoprotein (LDL(−)) is a minor LDL subfraction that is present in blood with inflammatory and apoptotic effects. We aimed to evaluate the role of sphingolipids ceramide (Cer), sphingosine (Sph), and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in the LDL(−)-induced effect on monocytes. Total LDL was subfractioned into native LDL and LDL(−) by anion-exchange chromatography and their sphingolipid content evaluated by mass spectrometry. LDL subfractions were incubated with monocytes in the presence or absence of enzyme inhibitors: chlorpromazine (CPZ), d-erythro-2-(N-myristoyl amino)-1-phenyl-1-propanol (MAPP), and N,N-dimethylsphingosine (DMS), which inhibit Cer, Sph, and S1P generation, respectively. After incubation, we evaluated cytokine release by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and apoptosis by flow cytometry. LDL(−) had an increased content in Cer and Sph compared to LDL(+). LDL(−)-induced cytokine release from cultured monocytes was inhibited by CPZ and MAPP, whereas DMS had no effect. LDL(−) promoted monocyte apoptosis, which was inhibited by CPZ, but increased with the addition of DMS. LDL enriched with Sph increased cytokine release in monocytes, and when enriched with Cer, reproduced both the apoptotic and inflammatory effects of LDL(−). These observations indicate that Cer content contributes to the inflammatory and apoptotic effects of LDL(−) on monocytes, whereas Sph plays a more important role in LDL(−)-induced inflammation, and S1P counteracts apoptosis.
A Rapid Recognition Method for Electronic Components Based on the Improved YOLO-V3 Network
Authors: Huang Rui , Gu Jinan , Sun Xiaohong , Hou Yongtao , Uddin Saad
Published: July 2019

Rapid object recognition in the industrial field is the key to intelligent manufacturing. The research on fast recognition methods based on deep learning was the focus of researchers in recent years, but the balance between detection speed and accuracy was not well solved. In this paper, a fast recognition method for electronic components in a complex background is presented. Firstly, we built the image dataset, including image acquisition, image augmentation, and image labeling. Secondly, a fast recognition method based on deep learning was proposed. The balance between detection accuracy and detection speed was solved through the lightweight improvement of YOLO (You Only Look Once)-V3 network model. Finally, the experiment was completed, and the proposed method was compared with several popular detection methods. The results showed that the accuracy reached 95.21% and the speed was 0.0794 s, which proved the superiority of this method for electronic component detection.
Application Assessment of Pumped Storage and Lithium-Ion Batteries on Electricity Supply Grid
Authors: Nko Macdonald , Chowdhury S.P. Daniel , Popoola Olawale
Published: July 2019

National electricity supply utility in South Africa (Eskom) has been facing challenges to meet load demands in the country. The lack of generation equipment maintenance, increasing load demand and lack of new generation stations has left the country with a shortage of electricity supply that leads to load shedding. As a result, alternative renewable energy is required to supplement the national grid. Photovoltaic (PV) solar generation and wind farms are leading in this regard. Sunlight fluctuates throughout the day, thereby causing irradiation which in turn causes the output of the PV plant to become unstable and unreliable. As a result, storage facilities are required to mitigate challenges that come with the integration of PV into the grid or the use of PV independently, off the grid. The same storage system can also be used to supplement the power supply at night time when there is no sunlight and/or during peak hours when the demand is high. Although storage facilities are already in existence, it is important to research their range, applications, highlight new technologies and identify the best economical solution based on present and future plans. The study investigated an improved economic and technical storage system for generation of clean energy systems using solar/PV plants as the base to supplement the grid. In addition, the research aims to provide utilities with the information required for making storage facilities available with an emphasis on capital cost, implementation, operation and maintenance costs. The study solution is expected to be economical and technically proficient in terms of PV output stabilization and provision of extra capacity during peak times. The research technology’s focus includes different storage batteries, pumped storage and other forms of storage such as supercapacitors. The analysis or simulations were carried out using current analytic methods and software, such as HOMER Pro®. The end results provide the power utility in South Africa and abroad with options for energy storage facilities that could stabilise output demand, increase generation capacity and provide backup power. Consumers would have access to power most of the time, thereby reducing generation constraints and eventually the monthly cost of electricity due to renewable energies’ accessibility. Increased access to electricity will contribute to socio-economic development in the country. The proposed solution is environmentally friendly and would alleviate the present crisis of load shedding due to the imbalance of high demand to lower generations.
On the Experimental Assessment of the Molecular-Scale Interactions between Wood and Water
Authors: Plaza Nayomi Z.
Published: July 2019

Although molecular-scale wood-water interactions needed for moisture-durability can lead to the accelerated development of moisture-durable products, these interactions are often experimentally elusive. In this perspective, the topic’s state of the art understanding will be discussed, excluding computational work. Recent research efforts based on infrared spectroscopy methods have provided new insights in terms of the accessibility of the wood polymers and moisture-induced polymer dynamics. Likewise, neutron scattering and nuclear magnetic relaxometry experiments have shown that bound water can be found within more than one local environment inside the cell wall. However, a majority of the experiments have focused on studying extracted or derived polymers instead of unmodified wood. Thus, in this paper some of the questions that still need to be addressed experimentally will also be highlighted.
Social Emotional Opinion Decision with Newly Coined Words and Emoticon Polarity of Social Networks Services
Authors: Yang Jin Sol , Ko Myung-Sook , Chung Kwang Sik
Published: July 2019

Nowadays, based on mobile devices and internet, social network services (SNS) are common trends to everyone. Social opinions as public opinions are very important to the government, company, and a person. Analysis and decision of social polarity of SNS about social happenings, political issues and government policies, or commercial products is very critical to the government, company, and a person. Newly coined words and emoticons on SNS are created every day. Specifically, emoticons are made and sold by a person or companies. Newly coined words are mostly made and used by various kinds of communities. The SNS big data mainly consist of normal text with newly coined words and emoticons so that newly coined words and emoticons analysis is very important to understand the social and public opinions. Social big data is informally made and unstructured, and on social network services, many kinds of newly coined words and various emoticons are made anonymously and unintentionally by people and companies. In the analysis of social data, newly coined words and emoticons limit the guarantee the accuracy of analysis. The newly coined words implicitly contain the social opinions and trends of people. The emotional states of people significantly are expressed by emoticons. Although the newly coined words and emoticons are an important part of the social opinion analysis, they are excluded from the emotional dictionary and social big data analysis. In this research, newly coined words and emoticons are extracted from the raw Twitter’s twit messages and analyzed and included in a pre-built dictionary with the polarity and weight of the newly coined words and emoticons. The polarity and weight are calculated for emotional classification. The proposed emotional classification algorithm calculates the weight of polarity (positive or negative) and results in total polarity weight of social opinion. If the total polarity weight of social opinion is more than the pre-fixed threshold value, the twit message is decided as positive. If it is less than the pre-fixed threshold value, the twit message is decided as negative and the other values mean neutral opinion. The accuracy of the social big data analysis result is improved by quantifying and analyzing emoticons and newly coined words.
Facile Fabrication of PA66/GO/MWNTs-COOH Nanocomposites and Their Fibers
Authors: Gao Xuefeng , Yu Wenguang , Zhang Xianye , Zhang Jiao , Liu Haihui , Zhang Xingxiang
Published: July 2019

Good dispersion and interfacial compatibility are the key issues to realize the full potential of the physical–mechanical properties of nanocarbon-materials reinforced composites. Styrene–maleic-anhydride-copolymer (SMA)-treated graphene oxide (GO), carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs-COOH), and solid-state shear milling (S3M) were applied to further improve the physical–mechanical properties of the nanocomposite fibers. The results show that a mixture of GO/MWNTs-COOH exhibits good dispersion and interfacial compatibility in polyamide-66 (PA66) matrix. Consequently, the physical–mechanical properties of the fibers, which were spun from the nanocomposite of GO/MWNTs-COOH treated using SMA and S3M methods, show a significant enhancement compared to the untreated fibers as well as better crystallization and thermal properties. In particular, the tensile strength of the PA66/GO/MWNTs-COOH nanocomposite fibers with a loading of 0.3 wt % GO/MWNTs-COOH reaches a maximum (979 MPa), which is the highest among all of the reported literature values. Moreover, the fibers were fabricated by a facile process with efficiency, holding great potential for industrial applications.
Assessing Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Solanaceae as a Model Pathway for Secondary Metabolism
Authors: Li Zuo , Vickrey Trisha L. , McNally Moira G. , Sato Shirley J. , Clemente Tom Elmo , Mower Jeffrey P.
Published: July 2019

Solanaceae have played an important role in elucidating how flower color is specified by the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway (FBP), which produces anthocyanins and other secondary metabolites. With well-established reverse genetics tools and rich genomic resources, Solanaceae provide a robust framework to examine the diversification of this well-studied pathway over short evolutionary timescales and to evaluate the predictability of genetic perturbation on pathway flux. Genomes of eight Solanaceae species, nine related asterids, and four rosids were mined to evaluate variation in copy number of the suite of FBP enzymes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Comparison of annotation sources indicated that the NCBI annotation pipeline generated more and longer FBP annotations on average than genome-specific annotation pipelines. The pattern of diversification of each enzyme among asterids was assessed by phylogenetic analysis, showing that the CHS superfamily encompasses a large paralogous family of ancient and recent duplicates, whereas other FBP enzymes have diversified via recent duplications in particular lineages. Heterologous expression of a pansy F3′5′H gene in tobacco changed flower color from pink to dark purple, demonstrating that anthocyanin production can be predictably modified using reverse genetics. These results suggest that the Solanaceae FBP could be an ideal system to model genotype-to-phenotype interactions for secondary metabolism.
2,4-Dinitrotoluene (DNT) Perturbs Yolk Absorption, Liver Development and Lipid Metabolism/Oxygen Transport Gene Expression in Zebrafish Embryos and Larvae
Authors: Xiong Jianglin , Sha Hang , Zhou Hualin , Peng Lijuan , Wu Lingying , Qiu Yinsheng , Wang Rui , Hu Xianqin
Published: July 2019

2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) is a common environmental pollutant, and was classified as a group 2B human carcinogenic compound by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. This study determined the toxic effects of 2,4-DNT exposure on zebrafish at the embryo-larvae stage, in terms of organ morphogenesis and the expression pattern of selected target genes related to lipid metabolism and oxygen transportation. The results showed that the 120-h post-fertilization LC50 of 2,4-DNT was 9.59 mg/L with a 95% confidence interval of 8.89–10.44 mg/L. The larvae treated with 2,4-DNT showed toxic symptoms including smaller body, less skin pigment production, yolk malabsorption, and disordered liver development. Further studies on the expression of genes related to lipid transport and metabolism, and respiration indicated that they were significantly affected by 2,4-DNT. It is concluded that 2,4-DNT exposure perturbed liver development and yolk absorption in early-life zebrafish, and disturbed the lipid metabolism /oxygen transport gene expression.
A Role for Neutral Sphingomyelinase in Wound Healing Induced by Keratinocyte Proliferation upon 1α, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Treatment
Authors: Patria Federica Filomena , Ceccarini Maria Rachele , Codini Michela , Conte Carmela , Perioli Luana , Beccari Tommaso , Albi Elisabetta
Published: July 2019

The skin has many functions, such as providing a barrier against injury and pathogens, protecting from ultraviolet light, and regulating body temperature. Mechanical causes and many different pathologies can lead to skin damage. Therefore, it is important for the skin to be always adaptable and renewable and for cells to undergo proliferation. Here, we demonstrate that 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3) stimulates keratinocyte proliferation, leading to wound closure in a simulation model of injury. Functionally, our results show that VD3 acts by stimulating cyclin D1, a cyclin that promotes the G1/S transition of the cell cycle. The study on the mechanism underlying cyclin D1 expression upon VD3 stimulation clearly demonstrates a key role of neutral sphingomyelinase. The enzyme, whose gene and protein expression is stimulated by VD3, is itself able to induce effects on cyclin D1 and wound healing similar to those obtained with VD3. These results could be very useful in the future to better understand wound mechanisms and improve therapeutic interventions.
Characterization of UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases and the Potential Contribution to Nicotine Tolerance in Myzus persicae
Authors: Pan Yiou , Xu Pengjun , Zeng Xiaochun , Liu Xuemei , Shang Qingli
Published: July 2019

Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are major phase II detoxification enzymes involved in glycosylation of lipophilic endobiotics and xenobiotics, including phytoalexins. Nicotine, one of the most abundant secondary plant metabolites in tobacco, is highly toxic to herbivorous insects. Plant-herbivore competition is the major impetus for the evolution of large superfamilies of UGTs and other detoxification enzymes. However, UGT functions in green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) adaptation are unknown. In this study, we show that UGT inhibitors (sulfinpyrazone and 5-nitrouracil) significantly increased nicotine toxicity in M. persicae nicotianae, suggesting that UGTs may be involved in nicotine tolerance. In total, 101 UGT transcripts identified in the M. persicae genome/transcriptome were renamed according to the UGT Nomenclature Committee guidelines and grouped into 11 families, UGT329, UGT330, UGT339, UGT341–UGT345, and UGT348–UGT350, with UGT344 containing the most (57). Ten UGTs (UGT330A3, UGT339A2, UGT341A6, UGT342B3, UGT343C3, UGT344D5, UGT344D8, UGT348A3, UGT349A3, and UGT350A3) were highly expressed in M. persicae nicotianae compared to M. persicae sensu stricto. Knockdown of four UGTs (UGT330A3, UGT344D5, UGT348A3, and UGT349A3) significantly increased M. persicae nicotianae sensitivity to nicotine, suggesting that UGT expression in this subspecies may be associated with nicotine tolerance and thus host adaptation. This study reveals possible UGTs relevant to nicotine adaptation in tobacco-consuming M. persicae nicotianae, and the findings will facilitate further validation of the roles of these UGTs in nicotine tolerance.
Metabonomics in Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Authors: Bjerrum Jacob Tveiten , Nielsen Ole Haagen
Published: July 2019

Attempts have been made to reveal the true nature of a range of puzzling diseases within gastroenterology and hepatology using different kinds of omics, namely genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabonomics [...]
Effects of Initial Age and Severity on Cranial Remolding Orthotic Treatment for Infants with Deformational Plagiocephaly
Authors: Graham Tiffany , Adams-Huet Beverley , Gilbert Nicole , Witthoff Kirsten , Gregory Terran , Walsh Mary
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study is to review the effects of an infant’s presenting age and severity of deformation on cranial remolding orthotic (CRO) treatment outcomes for patients with deformational plagiocephaly. This study is a retrospective chart review of 499 infants with non-synostotic plagiocephaly who completed CRO treatment. Data collected included age at start of treatment, head shape measurements before and after treatment, total months of CRO treatment, and other factors such as presence/absence of prematurity. The infants were divided into subgroups according to age and severity at initiation of treatment and data for subgroups was analyzed to track the change in head shape over the course of treatment, review overall treatment duration, and discuss the rate of change of cranial deformation. Overall, treatment times tended to statistically increase with increasing initial severity and age. Posttreatment asymmetry measurements statistically trended to greater residual deformation in infants who began treatment in the older or more severe subcategories. This indicates that younger and less severe infants have shorter treatment durations and less residual cranial deformation after CRO treatment. Therefore, clinical consideration may need to be taken to treat infants at younger ages or prior to progression of the cranial deformity.
Nutrition in Gastrointestinal Disease: Liver, Pancreatic, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Storck Lena J. , Imoberdorf Reinhard , Ballmer Peter E.
Published: July 2019

Liver, pancreatic, and inflammatory bowel diseases are often associated with nutritional difficulties and necessitate an adequate nutritional therapy in order to support the medical treatment. As most patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are overweight or obese, guidelines recommend weight loss and physical activity to improve liver enzymes and avoid liver cirrhosis. In contrast, patients with alcoholic steatohepatitis or liver cirrhosis have a substantial risk for protein depletion, trace elements deficiency, and thus malnutrition. Patients with chronic pancreatitis and patients with inflammatory bowel disease have a similar risk for malnutrition. Therefore, it clearly is important to screen these patients for malnutrition with established tools and initiate adequate nutritional therapy. If energy and protein intake are insufficient with regular meals, oral nutritional supplements or artificial nutrition, i.e., tube feeding or parenteral nutrition, should be used to avoid or treat malnutrition. However, the oral route should be preferred over enteral or parenteral nutrition. Acute liver failure and acute pancreatitis are emergencies, which require close monitoring for the treatment of metabolic disturbances. In most patients, energy and protein requirements are increased. In acute pancreatitis, the former recommendation of fasting is obsolete. Each disease is discussed in this manuscript and special recommendations are given according to the pathophysiology and clinical routine.
Enhanced Gold Biosorption of Lysinibacillus sphaericus CBAM5 by Encapsulation of Bacteria in an Alginate Matrix
Authors: Páez-Vélez Carolina , Rivas Ricardo E. , Dussán Jenny
Published: July 2019

Given its variety of properties, including conductivity and slow corrosion, the industrial uses for gold are increasing dramatically. This means that greater amounts of gold are being released into the environment and that a biological approach to recycling gold is of great interest. Lysinibacillus sphaericus, a bacterium capable of metal accumulation inside the cell and adsorption in the external surface, was encapsulated in an alginate matrix to improve the capture of gold from aqueous media. In this study, L. sphaericus CBAM5 proved to have the greatest potential compared to other strains and, following its encapsulation, the efficiency for the removal of the precious metal, at a concentration of 60 ppm, was 100% after three hours of exposure. It was identified that the alginate spheres with bacteria could also be reused. In fact, an efficiency of 60% was retained after three cycles of utilization. Thus, alginate acts as an adequate immobilization matrix for bacteria as a highly effective gold capture mechanism, which also shows great potential as an alternative for biotechnological applications.
Phytoestrogens: Dietary Intake, Bioavailability, and Protective Mechanisms against Colorectal Neoproliferative Lesions
Authors: Viggiani Maria Teresa , Polimeno Lorenzo , Di Leo Alfredo , Barone Michele
Published: July 2019

Phytoestrogens are natural substances that have been extensively studied for their beneficial effect on human health. Herein, we analyzed the data of the literature on the role of phytoestrogens in the prevention of colorectal neoproliferative lesions (CNL). Both in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that the beneficial effects of phytoestrogens on CNL mainly depend on their ability to bind estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) in the intestinal mucosa and counter ER-alpha (ERα) activity. Epidemiological data demonstrate a correlation between the low prevalence of CNL in Eastern populations and the consumption of soy products (phytoestrogen-enriched diet). However, both observational and interventional studies have produced inconclusive results. In our opinion, these discrepancies depend on an inadequate evaluation of phytoestrogen intake (dietary questionnaires were not aimed at establishing phytoestrogen intake) and absorption (depending mainly on the intestinal microbiota of the analyzed subjects). For this reason, in the present review, we performed an overview of phytoestrogen dietary intake and metabolism to offer the reader the opportunity for a better interpretation of the literature. Future prospective trials focusing on the protective effect of phytoestrogens against CNL should take into account both their dietary intake and absorption, considering the effective role of the intestinal microbiota.
Postures of Piety and Protest: American Civil Religion and the Politics of Kneeling in the NFL
Authors: Sabella Jeremy
Published: July 2019

Over the past ten years, athletes Tim Tebow and Colin Kaepernick have become famous for kneeling on the NFL football field. However, public reactions to these gestures varied significantly: Tebow’s kneeling spawned a lightly mocking but overall flattering meme, while Kaepernick’s stoked public controversy and derailed his NFL career. In order to interrogate these divergent responses, this article places the work of sociologist Robert Bellah and philosopher Michel Foucault in dialogue. It argues that spectator sports are a crucial space for the negotiation and contestation of American identity, or, in Bellah’s terms, civil religion. It then draws on philosopher Michel Foucault’s concept of the docile body to explore the rationales behind and cultural reactions to the kneeling posture. I argue that Tebow and Kaepernick advance divergent civil religious visions within the “politics of the sacred” being negotiated in American life. In this process of negotiation, American football emerges as both a space for the public cultivation of docile bodies and a crucial forum for reassessing American values and practices.
A Model-Based Design System for Terrestrial Laser Scanning Networks in Complex Sites
Authors: Jia Fengman , Lichti Derek D.
Published: July 2019

With the rapid increase of terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) applications, especially for the high-accuracy modelling of large-volume objects, a design system is needed to provide solutions for both scanner and target placement that can meet the project requirements in terms of completeness, precision, economy, and reliability. In this paper, a hierarchical strategy driven by an improved optimization method is developed to solve the TLS viewpoint planning problem. In addition, the placement of the targets is determined by optimizing the target arrangement criterion, and the number of target locations is minimized by accepting the close to optimal target arrangements. Finally, the quality of the design, including the sensitivity of the object coverage to viewpoint placement and the precision of the point cloud are provided. Two building complexes located on University of Calgary campus are used as the experimental datasets in this research. The designs for scanner placement are compared with the “brute force” strategy in terms of the optimality of the solutions and runtime. The results showed that the proposed strategy provided scanning networks with a compatible quality but with more than 80% time savings in design. The number of targets necessary for registration from our system is surprisingly small, considering the volume and complexity of the networks. Through the quality assessments, the sensitivity of the object coverage to the scanner placement indicates how careful the field crew should be when placing the scanner for data capture, and the point cloud precision indicates if the network design can meet the project requirements.
A Hyperspectral Image Classification Method Based on Multi-Discriminator Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Gao Hongmin , Yao Dan , Wang Mingxia , Li Chenming , Liu Haiyun , Hua Zaijun , Wang Jiawei
Published: July 2019

Hyperspectral remote sensing images (HSIs) have great research and application value. At present, deep learning has become an important method for studying image processing. The Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) model is a typical network of deep learning developed in recent years and the GAN model can also be used to classify HSIs. However, there are still some problems in the classification of HSIs. On the one hand, due to the existence of different objects with the same spectrum phenomenon, if only according to the original GAN model to generate samples from spectral samples, it will produce the wrong detailed characteristic information. On the other hand, the gradient disappears in the original GAN model and the scoring ability of a single discriminator limits the quality of the generated samples. In order to solve the above problems, we introduce the scoring mechanism of multi-discriminator collaboration and complete semi-supervised classification on three hyperspectral data sets. Compared with the original GAN model with a single discriminator, the adjusted criterion is more rigorous and accurate and the generated samples can show more accurate characteristics. Aiming at the pattern collapse and diversity deficiency of the original GAN generated by single discriminator, this paper proposes a multi-discriminator generative adversarial networks (MDGANs) and studies the influence of the number of discriminators on the classification results. The experimental results show that the introduction of multi-discriminator improves the judgment ability of the model, ensures the effect of generating samples, solves the problem of noise in generating spectral samples and can improve the classification effect of HSIs. At the same time, the number of discriminators has different effects on different data sets.
Intracellular Trafficking and Translocation of Pertussis Toxin
Authors: Teter Ken
Published: July 2019

Pertussis toxin (PT) is a multimeric complex of six proteins. The PTS1 subunit is an ADP-ribosyltransferase that inactivates the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric Gi/o proteins. The remaining PT subunits form a pentamer that positions PTS1 in and above the central cavity of the triangular structure. Adhesion of this pentamer to glycoprotein or glycolipid conjugates on the surface of a target cell leads to endocytosis of the PT holotoxin. Vesicle carriers then deliver the holotoxin to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where PTS1 dissociates from the rest of the toxin, unfolds, and exploits the ER-associated degradation pathway for export to the cytosol. Refolding of the cytosolic toxin allows it to regain an active conformation for the disruption of cAMP-dependent signaling events. This review will consider the intracellular trafficking of PT and the order-disorder-order transitions of PTS1 that are essential for its cellular activity.