bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transmediastinal and Transcardiac Gunshot Wound with Hemodynamic Stability
Authors: Zarain Obrador Leire , Al-Lal Yusef Mohamed , de Tomás Palacios Jorge , Amunategui Prats Iñaki , Turégano Fuentes Fernando
Published: August 2014

Cardiac injuries caused by knives and firearms are slightly increasing in our environment. We report the case of a 43-year-old male patient with a transmediastinal gunshot wound (TGSW) and a through-and-through cardiac wound who was hemodynamically stable upon his admission. He had an entrance wound below the left clavicle, with no exit wound, and decreased breath sounds in the right hemithorax. Chest X-ray showed the bullet in the right hemithorax and large right hemothorax. The ultrasound revealed pericardial effusion, and a chest tube produced 1500 cc. of blood, but he remained hemodynamically stable. Considering these findings, a median sternotomy was carried out, the through-and-through cardiac wounds were suture-repaired, lung laceration was sutured, and a pacemaker was placed in the right ventricle. The patient had uneventful recovery and was discharged home on the twelfth postoperative day. The management and prognosis of these patients are determined by the hemodynamic situation upon arrival to the Emergency Department (ED), as well as a prompt surgical repair if needed. Patients with a TGSW have been divided into three groups according to the SBP: group I, with SBP>100 mmHg; group II, with SBP 60–100 mmHg; and group III, with SBP<60 mmHg. The diagnostic workup and management should be tailored accordingly, and several series have confirmed high chances of success with conservative management when these patients are hemodynamically stable.
Mismatch Repair Status and BRAF Mutation Status in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Pooled Analysis of the CAIRO, CAIRO2, COIN, and FOCUS Studies
Authors: Venderbosch Sabine , Nagtegaal Iris D. , Maughan Tim S. , Smith Christopher G. , Cheadle Jeremy P. , Fisher David , Kaplan Richard , Quirke Philip , Seymour Matthew T. , Richman Susan D. , Meijer Gerrit A. , Ylstra Bauke , Heideman Danielle A.M. , de Haan Anton F.J. , Punt Cornelis J.A. , Koopman Miriam
Published: August 2014

Purpose: To determine the prevalence and prognostic value of mismatch repair (MMR) status and its relation to BRAF mutation (BRAFMT) status in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Experimental Design: A pooled analysis of four phase III studies in first-line treatment of mCRC (CAIRO, CAIRO2, COIN, and FOCUS) was performed. Primary outcome parameter was the hazard ratio (HR) for median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in relation to MMR and BRAF. For the pooled analysis, Cox regression analysis was performed on individual patient data.

Results: The primary tumors of 3,063 patients were analyzed, of which 153 (5.0%) exhibited deficient MMR (dMMR) and 250 (8.2%) a BRAFMT. BRAFMT was observed in 53 (34.6%) of patients with dMMR tumors compared with 197 (6.8%) of patients with proficient MMR (pMMR) tumors (P < 0.001). In the pooled dataset, median PFS and OS were significantly worse for patients with dMMR compared with pMMR tumors [HR, 1.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12–1.57 and HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.13–1.61, respectively), and for patients with BRAFMT compared with BRAF wild-type (BRAFWT) tumors (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.17–1.54 and HR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.66–2.19, respectively). PFS and OS were significantly decreased for patients with BRAFMT within the group of patients with pMMR, but not for BRAF status within dMMR, or MMR status within BRAFWT or BRAFMT.

Conclusions: Prevalence of dMMR and BRAFMT in patients with mCRC is low and both biomarkers confer an inferior prognosis. Our data suggest that the poor prognosis of dMMR is driven by the BRAFMT status. Clin Cancer Res; 20(20); 5322–30. ©2014 AACR.
Widefield Optical Imaging of Changes in Uptake of Glucose and Tissue Extracellular pH in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Luo Zhen , Loja Melissa N. , Farwell D. Greg , Luu Quang C. , Donald Paul J. , Amott Deborah , Truong Anh Q. , Gandour-Edwards Regina , Nitin Nitin
Published: August 2014

The overall objective of this study was to develop an optical imaging approach to simultaneously measure altered cell metabolism and changes in tissue extracellular pH with the progression of cancer using clinically isolated biopsies. In this study, 19 pairs of clinically normal and abnormal biopsies were obtained from consenting patients with head and neck cancer at University of California, Davis Medical Center. Fluorescence intensity of tissue biopsies before and after topical delivery of 2-NBDG (2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino]-2-deoxy-D-glucose) and Alexa 647-pHLIP [pH (low) insertion peptide] was measured noninvasively by widefield imaging, and correlated with pathologic diagnosis. The results of widefield imaging of clinical biopsies demonstrated that 2-NBDG and pHLIP peptide can accurately distinguish the pathologically normal and abnormal biopsies. The results also demonstrated the potential of this approach to detect subepithelial lesions. Topical application of the contrast agents generated a significant increase in fluorescence contrast (3- to 4-fold) in the cancer biopsies as compared with the normal biopsies, irrespective of the patient and location of the biopsy within a head and neck cavity. This unpaired comparison across all the patients with cancer in this study highlights the specificity of the imaging approach. Furthermore, the results of this study indicated that changes in intracellular glucose metabolism and cancer acidosis are initiated in the early stages of cancer, and these changes are correlated with the progression of the disease. In conclusion, this novel optical molecular imaging approach to measure multiple biomarkers in cancer has a significant potential to be a useful tool for improving early detection and prognostic evaluation of oral neoplasia. Cancer Prev Res; 7(10); 1035–44. ©2014 AACR.
Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Reduces the Proliferation and Promotes the Differentiation of TH-MYCN Transformed Sympathoadrenal Progenitors
Authors: DeWitt John , Pappas Anthony , Nishi Rae
Published: August 2014

Neuroblastoma is a childhood cancer caused by the transformation of sympathoadrenal progenitors. By following the formation of tumors in homozygous TH-MYCN mice, an established mouse model of neuroblastoma, we were able to capture transformed cells prior to the formation of large, vascularized tumors in order to determine the responsiveness of cells to neurotrophic factors. We discovered that the ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) receptor is abundantly expressed in tumor cells from these mice. Furthermore, CNTF - but not nerve growth factor, brain-derived nerve growth factor, neurotrophin 3, or glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor - promoted neuronal differentiation and withdrawal from the cell cycle. Thus, the transformation of sympathoadrenal progenitors by MYCN overexpression differentially affects responsiveness to neurotrophic molecules.
Hesiod: Man, Law and Cosmos
Authors: Priou Alex
Published: August 2014

In his two chief works, the Theogony and Works and Days, Hesiod treats the possibility of providence. In the former poem, he considers what sort of god could claim to gives human beings guidance. After arriving at Zeus as the only consistent possibility, Hesiod presents Zeus’ rule as both cosmic and legalistic. In the latter poem, however, Hesiod shows that so long as Zeus is legalistic, his rule is limited cosmically to the human being. Ultimately, Zeus’ rule emerges as more human than cosmic, and thus unable to fulfil the cosmic demands of piety. Hesiod’s presentation thus begs, without thematically posing, the question of how human beings ought to live. Accordingly, Hesiod’s theological analysis, and not his theogony (or, implicit cosmogony or cosmology), sets the stage for the inquiries of the early Greek philosophers, and so political philosophy as a whole.
Hobbes and Dionysius of Halicarnassus on Thucydides, Rhetoric and Political Life
Authors: Burns Timothy W.
Published: August 2014

Thomas Hobbes’ dispute with Dionysius of Halicarnassus over the study of Thucydides’ history allows us to understand both the ancient case for an ennobled public rhetoric and Hobbes’ case against it. Dionysius, concerned with cultivating healthy civic oratory, faced a situation in which Roman rhetoricians were emulating shocking attacks on divine justice such as that found in Thucydides’ Melian dialogue; he attempted to steer orators away from such arguments even as he acknowledged their truth. Hobbes, however, recommends the study of Thucydides’ work for a new kind of political education, one that will benefit from Thucydides’ private, even ‘secret’, instruction, which permits the reader to admit to himself what vanity would otherwise hide from him.
Revision of the cricket genus Cardiodactylus (Orthoptera, Eneopterinae, Lebinthini): the species from both sides of the Wallace line, with description of 25 new species
Authors: ROBILLARD TONY , GOROCHOV ANDREJ V. , POULAIN SIMON , SUHARDJONO YAYUK R.
Published: August 2014

The genus Cardiodactylus is the most speciose and widely distributed genus of the cricket subfamily Eneopterinae and of the Lebinthini tribe. Along with diverse acoustic features, this genus is also characterized by a wide distribution area running from Japan to Southeast Asia, Northern Australia and in many archipelagos in the Western Pacific, with a high contrast in species distributions. In this paper we start revising Cardiodactylus by focusing on the western region of its wide distribution and the Novaeguineae species group. We describe 25 new species of Cardiodactylus, redescribe 3 species and bring new signalizations for 5 species. Whenever possible, information is provided about species distribution, male calling song and male and female genitalia, forewing venation and habitat.
Climatology of Storm Characteristics in Costa Rica using the TRMM Precipitation Radar
Authors: Rapp Anita D. , Peterson Alexander G. , Frauenfeld Oliver W. , Quiring Steven M. , Roark E. Brendan
Published: August 2014

Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Precipitation Radar precipitation features are analyzed to understand the role of storm characteristics on the seasonal and diurnal cycles of precipitation in four distinct regions in Costa Rica. The distribution of annual rainfall is highly dependent on the stratiform precipitation, driven largely by seasonal increases in stratiform area. The monthly distribution of stratiform rain is bimodal in most regions, but the timing varies regionally and is related to several important large-scale features: the Caribbean low-level jet, the ITCZ, and the Chorro del Occidente Colombiano (CHOCO) jet. The relative importance of convective precipitation increases on the Caribbean side during wintertime cold air surges. Except for the coastal Caribbean domain, most regions show a strong diurnal cycle with an afternoon peak in convection followed by an evening increase in stratiform rain. Along the Caribbean coast, the diurnal cycle is weaker, with evidence of convection associated with the sea breeze, as well as a nocturnal increase in storms. The behavior of extreme precipitation features with rain volume in the 99th percentile is also analyzed. They are most frequent from May to November, with notable differences between features at the beginning/end of the rainy season versus those in the middle, as well as between wet and dry seasons. Convective rain exceeds stratiform in winter and midsummer extreme features, while stratiform rain is larger at the beginning and end of the wet season. Given projected changes in precipitation and extreme events in Costa Rica for future climate change scenarios, the results indicate the importance of understanding both changes in total precipitation and in the storm characteristics.
Realizing the “market-state”? Military transformation and security outsourcing in Sweden
Authors: Berndtsson Joakim
Published: August 2014

Over the past few years, Sweden has markedly shifted its position on private military and security companies (PMSCs), from widespread reluctance and general suspicion to increasing acceptance and normalization, along with a gradual institutionalization of the use of PMSCs by Swedish state agencies. On the one hand, this development is part of the broader trend of security commercialization in Europe and globally. On the other hand, it is both shaped by, and shapes, changes within Sweden, where the past years have seen important shifts in foreign and security policies, as well as a substantial transformation of the Swedish Armed Forces, with the ongoing transition from a conscript system to an all-volunteer force (AVF) being the most visible. Drawing on interviews with state officials, records from parliamentary debates, and official government documents, this article analyzes the shift from reluctance to acceptance and identifies and discusses possible future implications of this increased reliance on PMSCs in the context of Swedish military and security transformation, particularly in relation to issues of security governance and civil–military relations and cooperation.
Antibacterial Efficacy of Exogenous Nitric Oxide on Periodontal Pathogens
Authors: Backlund C.J. , Sergesketter A.R. , Offenbacher S. , Schoenfisch M.H.
Published: August 2014

Current treatments for periodontitis ( e.g., scaling/root planing and chlorhexidine) have limited efficacy since they fail to suppress microbial biofilms satisfactorily over time, and the use of adjunctive antimicrobials can promote the emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms. Herein, we report the novel application of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing scaffolds ( i.e., dendrimers and silica particles) as anti-periodontopathogenic agents. The effectiveness of macromolecular NO release was demonstrated by a 3-log reduction in periodontopathogenic Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis viability. In contrast, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis, caries-associated organisms, were substantially less sensitive to NO treatment. Both dendrimer- and silica-based NO release exhibited substantially less toxicity to human gingival fibroblasts at concentrations necessary to eradicate periodontopathogens than did clinical concentrations of chlorhexidine. These results suggest the potential utility of macromolecular NO-release scaffolds as a novel platform for the development of periodontal disease therapeutics.
Multiple Victimization and Social Exclusion
Authors: Matos Marlene , Conde Rita , Gonçalves Rosa , Santos Anita
Published: August 2014

This work explores life stories of socially excluded women who experienced multiple victimization. It seeks to understand the existential dimension of victimization experience, particularly how victims integrate their victimization experiences in their meaning or sense that they give to their existence and their lives. The study included 12 participants who suffered multiple victimization and who were in a situation of social exclusion. Individual interviews were conducted about their life stories, adapted from McAdams interview. The qualitative methodology used was grounded analysis. The results highlighted the focus of their life stories in violence suffered in adulthood, specifically, in intimacy. It was found that being from Black race, having a low socioeconomic status, and being unemployed, seemed to increase victimization vulnerability. Despite the several types of violence, participants do not describe and give meaning to the “multiple” feature of victimization. However, victimization is the matrix of their life story, expressing itself in a discourse of vulnerability/fragility. Furthermore, some women revealed discourses of resistance that may reflect the concept of “postvictimization growth,” in which they conceptualize positive changes arising from victimization experiences. From a humanistic and existentialist perspective, victimization might provide some sense of personal unity to these women’s troubled lives.
Neoliberalisation and ‘Lad Cultures’ in Higher Education
Authors: Phipps Alison , Young Isabel
Published: August 2014

This article links HE neoliberalisation and ‘lad cultures’, drawing on interviews and focus groups with women students. We argue that retro-sexist ‘laddish’ forms of masculine competitiveness and misogyny have been reshaped by neoliberal rationalities to become modes of consumerist sexualised audit. We also suggest that neoliberal frameworks scaffold an individualistic and adversarial culture amongst young people that interacts with perceived threats to men’s privilege and intensifies attempts to put women in their place through misogyny and sexual harassment. Furthermore, ‘lad cultures’, sexism and sexual harassment in higher education may be rendered invisible by institutions to preserve marketability in a neoliberal context. In response, we ask if we might foster dialogue and partnership between feminist and anti-marketisation politics.
Medical Aspects of Transgender Military Service
Authors: Elders M. Joycelyn , Brown George R. , Coleman Eli , Kolditz Thomas A. , Steinman Alan M.
Published: August 2014

At least eighteen countries allow transgender personnel to serve openly, but the United States is not among them. In this article, we assess whether US military policies that ban transgender service members are based on medically sound rationales. To do so, we analyze Defense Department regulations and consider a wide range of medical data. Our conclusion is that there is no compelling medical reason for the ban on service by transgender personnel, that the ban is an unnecessary barrier to health care access for transgender personnel, and that medical care for transgender individuals should be managed using the same standards that apply to all others. Removal of the military’s ban on transgender service would improve health outcomes, enable commanders to better care for their troops, and reflect the military’s commitment to providing outstanding medical care for all military personnel.
Book Review: Syed Ali Nadeem Rezavi, Fathpur Sikri Revisited
Authors: Parihar Subhash
Published: August 2014

Syed Ali Nadeem Rezavi, Fathpur Sikri Revisited, OUP, New Delhi, 2013, xvi + pp. 253, ₹ 1395, ISBN: 0-19-808403-X.
Mechanical properties of Mo fiber-reinforced resin mineral composites
Authors: Ren Xiuhua , Zhang Jianhua , Wang Tao , Yang Hao
Published: August 2014

Mo fiber-reinforced resin mineral composite (RMC) belongs to a multiphase material, whose mechanical strength depends on the property of components and microstructure characteristics of Mo fibers including surface state, fiber content, fiber shape, and so on. The reinforcing mechanism of Mo fiber is analyzed and the reinforcing effects of new and scrap fibers on RMC are studied, respectively, in the paper. Typical samples with different fiber parameters are prepared to validate the aforementioned assumptions. Experimental results and finite element simulation prove that scrap Mo fibers can improve the mechanical properties of RMC better than ordinary new Mo fibers because of the discharge pits randomly distributed on the surface of scrap fibers. The reinforcing effect is best while the fiber content is 1.2% of the total mass. If the length, diameter, and mass fraction of fibers are identical, special-shaped fibers such as U, V, N, W perform better obviously, and their maximum pulling load is much bigger than ordinary linear fibers.
Design and investigation of a bio-inspired ventilated flapping wing
Authors: Zhang GQ , Peyada NK , Go TH , Yu SCM
Published: August 2014

Two types of the new wing design concept, namely the ventilated flapping wing have been proposed. It focuses on “ventilating” the wing during the upstroke motion so as to reduce the negative lift while increasing the net positive lift at each flapping cycle. The presence of the moving flaps can actually modify the flow pattern of the flapping wing significantly comparing with the solid wing case. The opening flaps can effectively increase the frontal areas in the airflow direction causing higher drag but at the same time generate lower negative lift during the upstroke. The vortical structures in the chordwise and spanwise directions at different positions together with the force variations around the wing have been obtained computationally and analyzed in details.
Security scales: spectacular and endemic violence in post-invasion Kabul, Afghanistan
Authors: Esser Daniel E
Published: August 2014

This article juxtaposes two distinct violent dynamics in a highly securitized urban space: one covered by global media in every detail, yet of marginal importance to the vast majority of city dwellers; the other endemic, but absent from outsiders’ urban imaginary of life and death in Kabul. Although insurgent forces have utilized Afghanistan’s capital city as a stage for acts of spectacular violence ever since the 2001 international invasion, for most city dwellers, especially women and children, domestic abuse has constituted the main threat to physical well-being. In contrast, increases in mortality and morbidity due to insurgent attacks carried out in the city between 2002 and 2011 have been infinitesimal. An interpretive framework that draws from critical geographical scholarship by highlighting global discourses and local norms helps expose that the international community’s discursive construction of Kabul as the locus for post-2001 neoliberal state-building lies at the heart of persistent, yet largely invisible, victimization within the city. The analysis demonstrates how such scalar politics of security have turned Kabul into an urban stage that provides global visibility of spectacular violence against foreigners while eclipsing endemic causes of bodily harm among Afghans.
Biological and nutrient responses to catchment disturbance and warming in small lakes near the Alaskan tundra–taiga boundary
Authors: Medeiros Andrew S , Taylor Derek J , Couse Madeline , Hall Roland I , Quinlan Roberto , Wolfe Brent B
Published: August 2014

Understanding effects of recent climate warming and changes in catchment conditions on nutrient cycling and the biology of shallow subarctic lakes is necessary to predict their evolution. Here, we use multiple analytical methods on sediment cores to identify effects of change in catchment conditions on nutrient availability and biotic assemblages in two subarctic lakes on the Seward Peninsula (Alaska, USA). We compare limnological and biotic responses to flooding and expansion of a thermokarst lake basin (late 1950s), increased shrub growth in the catchment of another lake (since the mid-1980s), and regional warming (since the late 1970s). Among these three environmental drivers, the largest biotic responses occurred because of flooding and expansion of the thermokarst lake. An increase in the nitrogen isotope composition and decline in organic carbon isotope composition in sediments are interpreted to reflect an elevated supply of dissolved inorganic carbon and nitrogen. This was associated with significant shifts in composition of chironomid and diatom assemblages. In contrast, increases in particulate organic carbon and nitrogen from enhanced shrub growth had less influence on the biota. Declines in cold-water biotic indicators typical of warming lakes in Arctic regions occurred several decades after catchment-induced changes to the nutrient supply in both systems. This indicates that initial lake catchment condition may mediate lake-specific changes in nutrient cycling and aquatic productivity within regions undergoing warming.
Mothers and Fathers Attending the International Child Development Programme in Norway
Authors: Clucas Claudine , Skar Ane-Marthe Solheim , Sherr Lorraine , Tetzchner Stephen von
Published: August 2014

Fathers are understudied in parent training studies. This study investigates whether mothers and fathers benefit equally from participating in the International Child Development Programme (ICDP) implemented as a community-wide program in Norway in their parenting behavior, perceived child difficulties, and their psychosocial health. The questionnaire study used a pre–post design comparing 105 mothers and 36 fathers who attended a regular ICDP course. Results showed that the mothers and fathers differed on parenting behaviors prior to the course but showed similar changes, including on emotional and regulative aspects of parenting and autonomy supportive behaviors. However, only the mothers perceived a decrease in their child’s difficulties after the course, while the fathers showed a greater increase in behaviors assumed to support the child’s meaning making and in self-efficacy and a greater decrease in anxiety after the course. ICDP courses appear to be a useful tool for supporting both mothers and fathers in their parenting role.
Tinnitus
Authors: Wheeler Sara Louise , Hopwood Andrew Glyn
Published: August 2014

The authors of this article are cousins from a Deafhearing family. Andrew is profoundly Deaf while Sara is Hearing. Both authors have Waardenburg Syndrome and are experiencing tinnitus, which appears to change in nature over time. This article, which is a reflection on their shared experiences of tinnitus, began as a conversation via Facebook. Through performance autoethnography, presented as poetry, they examine the Deafhearing phenomenon of tinnitus. They explore its impact on their everyday lives and together attempt to understand their stories through reflecting, writing, and performing as inquiry.
Relative Importance Analysis With Multicategory Dependent Variables:
Authors: Luchman Joseph N.
Published: August 2014

Determining independent variable relative importance is a highly useful practice in organizational science. Whereas techniques to determine independent variable importance are available for normally distributed and binary dependent variable models, such techniques have not been extended to multicategory dependent variables (MCDVs). The current work extends previous research on binary dependent variable relative importance analysis to provide a methodology for conducting relative importance analysis on MCDV models from a dominance analysis (DA) perspective. Moreover, the current work provides a set of comprehensive data analytic examples that demonstrate how and when to use MCDV models in a DA and the advantages general DA statistics offer in interpreting MCDV model results. Moreover, the current work outlines best practices for determining independent variable relative importance for MCDVs using replicable examples on data from the publicly available General Social Survey. The present work then contributes to the literature by using in-depth data analytic examples to outline best practices in conducting relative importance analysis for MCDV models and by highlighting unique information DA results provide about MCDV models.
Determination of fundamental parameters for the cross-hatched cylinder liner micro-geometry
Authors: Biboulet N , Bouassida H , Cavoret J , Lubrecht AA
Published: August 2014

This paper is part of a project aiming at optimizing the cylinder-liner/piston-ring contact performance: oil consumption, friction and wear. The surface micro-geometry has a major influence on these characteristics. Classical cylinder-liners display cross-hatched patterns. Grooves modify contact pressure distributions and act as lubricant reservoirs and pipes redistributing oil. The load-carrying capacity is greatly influenced by the number of grooves and their geometry. An automatic groove geometry identification (depth, width, angle) is performed on cylinder-liner surface measurements. The surfaces were measured at two instants: new and after a fired engine test. The micro-geometry evolution is discussed.
Imaging of thoracic trauma
Authors: Holloway Benjamin , Mathias Helen , Riley Peter
Published: August 2014

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the commonly encountered findings in all types of thoracic trauma. It is not intended to be a systematic review of the literature, but will discuss and illustrate the differing imaging techniques which are used to diagnose common traumatic injuries in the thorax. Interventional radiology-based therapeutic interventions will be demonstrated.
Redesigning acute care for cognitively impaired older adults: Optimizing health care services
Authors: LaMantia Michael A , Boustani Malaz A , Jhanji Shola , Maina Mungai , Nazir Arif , Messina Frank C , Frame Amie , Alder Catherine , Chodosh Joshua
Published: August 2014

Purpose of the study

Cognitive impairment (CI) is one of several factors known to influence hospitalization, hospital length of stay, and rehospitalization among older adults. Redesigning care delivery systems sensitive to the influence of CI may reduce acute care utilization while improving care quality. To develop a foundation of fundamental needs for health care redesign, we conducted focus groups with inpatient and outpatient providers to identify barriers, facilitators, and suggestions for improvements in care delivery for patients with CI.

Design and methods

Focus group sessions were conducted with providers to identify their approach to caring for cognitively impaired hospitalized adults; obstacles and facilitators to providing this care; and suggestions for improving the care process. Using a thematic analysis, two reviewers analyzed these transcripts to develop codes and themes.

Results

Seven themes emerged from the focus group transcripts. These were: (1) reflections on serving the cognitively impaired population; (2) descriptions of perceived barriers to care; (3) strategies that improve or facilitate caring for hospitalized older adults; (4) the importance of fostering a hospital friendly to the needs of older adults; (5) the need for educating staff, patients, and caregivers; (6) the central role of good communication; and (7) steps needed to provide more effective care.

Implications

Providing effective acute care services to older adults with CI is an important challenge in health care reform. An understanding derived from the perspective of multiple professional disciplines is an important first step. Future research will build on this preliminary study in developing new acute care models for patients with CI.
Establishing Alignment in Aphasia Couples Therapy in a Woman With Wernicke’s Aphasia
Authors: Boles Larry
Published: August 2014

Alignment refers to the interactive use of similar words to accomplish a linguistic and cognitive “common ground” in conversations. Alignment is thought to be unconscious, relying on priming mechanisms. This occurs uniquely in conversational contexts and has been shown in choices of words, grammatical constructions, and even indirect language and gestures. This study reports a couple who demonstrated very little pretherapy alignment, using a couples-based approach. The client realized an increase in utterances and words, and no change in incoherent utterances. Her nonaphasic spouse increased his use of alignment. Naïve observers of therapy sessions perceived later sessions as more positive than earlier sessions.
NAD-dependent ADP-ribosylation of the human antimicrobial and immune-modulatory peptide LL-37 by ADP-ribosyltransferase-1
Authors: Picchianti Monica , Russo Carla , Castagnini Marta , Biagini Massimiliano , Soldaini Elisabetta , Balducci Enrico
Published: August 2014

LL-37 is a cationic peptide belonging to the cathelicidin family that has antimicrobial and immune-modulatory properties. Here we show that the mammalian mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase-1 (ART1), which selectively transfers the ADP-ribose moiety from NAD to arginine residues, ADP-ribosylates LL-37 in vitro. The incorporation of ADP-ribose was first observed by Western blot analysis and then confirmed by MALDI-TOF. Mass-spectrometry showed that up to four of the five arginine residues present in LL-37 could be ADP-ribosylated on the same peptide when incubated at a high NAD concentration in the presence of ART1. The attachment of negatively charged ADP-ribose moieties considerably alters the positive charge of the arginine residues thus reducing the cationicity of LL-37. The cationic nature of LL-37 is key for its ability to interact with cell membranes or negatively charged biomolecules, such as DNA, RNA, F-actin and glycosaminoglycans. Thus, the ADP-ribosylation of LL-37 is expected to have the potential to modulate LL-37 biological activities in several physiological and pathological settings.
Pregnancy in women after coronary revascularization
Authors: Quiñones Joanne N , Cox David , Smolinski William J , Maksimik Crystal A , Coassolo Kara M , Freudenberger Ronald
Published: August 2014

Pregnancy after coronary revascularization presents unique challenges to the management of antiplatelet therapy, anesthesia and mode of delivery. We present two cases where women of reproductive age required coronary revascularization with drug eluting stents after a myocardial infarction, and discuss key aspects of pregnancy and labor management.
Missed opportunities: Peripartum hepatic failure in a Chinese immigrant
Authors: Sharma Malika , Gandhi Shital
Published: August 2014

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity presents unique management challenges in pregnancy. We present the case of a 26-year-old HBsAg-positive woman who presented at 35 weeks gestational age with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain with markedly elevated liver enzymes. An elevated alpha feto-protein on antenatal screening had been misconstrued as fetal in origin. Magnetic resonance imaging and liver biopsy confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma. She died of fulminant hepatic failure two weeks after emergent delivery. This case highlights the importance of adequate evaluation and management of pregnant patients testing positive for HBsAg on routine antenatal testing.
A School-Based Suicide Risk Assessment Strategy
Authors: Nolta Kristie
Published: August 2014

While school nurses are often uniquely positioned to conduct suicide risk assessments, many school nurses feel poorly equipped to undertake this venture. This article outlines a plan to put a suicide risk assessment strategy in place.
Double Jeopardy
Authors: Owens-Gary Michelle , Shea Laura
Published: August 2014

Eating disorders are more common in youth with diabetes, especially females, and not only interfere with diabetes management but can increase the risk for diabetes-related complications. School nurses may be the first to recognize eating disorders among students with diabetes. They are an integral part of a multidisciplinary team, connecting students and families to both health care and community resources, ensuring that mental, physical, and social needs are addressed.
Carbimazole inhibits TNF-α expression in Fat-induced hypothyroidism
Authors: Tripathi Yamani Bhusan , Pandey Nidhi
Published: August 2014

The effect of the carbimazole on expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in liver, was investigated in an experimental model of high fat diet (HFD) induced obesity. The HFD (orally given for 4 months) induced TNF-α in liver tissue along with raised serum triglyceride (TG), cholesterol and high TSH (62%). In carbimazole (1 mg/100 gbw) treatment, the induction of TNF-α was significantly inhibited, without affecting other parameters. It also improved the liver function, which was raised due to HFD in experimental control rats.
Seismic Performance of Prestressed High Strength Concrete Pile to Pile Cap Connections
Authors: Wang Tiecheng , Yang Zhijian , Zhao Hailong , Wang Wenjin
Published: August 2014

Six pile-cap connections were tested to evaluate performance of prestressed high-strength concrete piles (PHC pile)-cap connection under cyclic loading. The failure modes, hysteretic performance, ductility and bearing capacity were observed and analyzed. In addition, the seismic performance of pile-cap connection with different connections and cutting-off pile was studied. The test results showed that the connections appear to be bending damage. The two flexural modes were tensile rupturing of prestressed bar and yielding of anchor bars. The connections were severely damaged because of the yielding of anchor bars and appearing of the plastic hinge. The bond slippage failure of anchor bars was not observed in the cap, and the length of anchor bars meet requirements. It shows that the bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity increased with the rotation capacity of pile connection. Nonlinear finite element models were established to analyze the mechanical properties of these connections using ABAQUS. The moment-displacement curves obtained from the numerical analysis compared well with the experimental results. The effects of parameters on the behavior of the connections were conducted based on the numerical model.
Automotive vibration and noise control using smart materials: a state of art and challenges
Authors: Kumbhar S. , Maji Subhasis , Kumar Bimlesh
Published: August 2014

In the past several years, there has been increased market place awareness of noise, vibration, and harshness performance in automobiles. The differentiation between the quality and reliability levels of automobiles has become less pronounced and, as a result, manufacturers have had to demonstrate superiority by focusing on NVH concerns. The automotive industry is currently spending millions of dollars on NVH work to develop new materials and damping techniques so that the damping treatments are lighter, cheaper and more effective. Some of the methods used to control noise, vibration and harshness includes the use of different carpeting treatments, the addition of rubber or asphalt material to car panels, gap sealant, and the injection of expandable foam into body panels. The aim of this study is to explore the feasibility of smart damping materials such as magnetorheological elastomers (MRE), piezoelectric materials, with its basic properties, for augmenting and improving the performance benefits of damping materials. This study also evaluates the noise and vibration benefits of smart damping materials as compared to conventional damping treatments.
Orientation of groins for wide and dynamic lowland rivers
Authors: Alauddin M. , Tsujimoto T.
Published: August 2014

Alluvial rivers at lowland are very complex in nature. Severe bank erosion at high flow and undue sedimentation at low flow are very common there. Groins are not functioning successfully with their present arrangements. This study investigates various orientations of groins to identify the optimum one for the effective functioning at high flow and low flow both. A 2D numerical model, RIC-Nays is utilized upon confirmation through detailed experimental data. Two types of groins: non-permeable and permeable, and four orientations: 100°, 90°, 80° and 70° to the bank line downstream are considered. Computation reveals that smaller angled groins function better through deepening the main channel and minimizing the local scour, except deposition near bank reduces.
Testing of Full-scale RC Frame under Simulated Fire Following Earthquake
Authors: Sharma Umesh , Kumar Virendra , Kamath Praveen , Singh Bhupinder , Bhargava Pradeep , Singh Yogendra , Usmani Asif , Torero Jose , Gillie Martin , Pankaj Pankaj
Published: August 2014

In present study, a full-scale testing of reinforced concrete (RC) frame sub-assemblage has been investigated under fire subsequent to simulated seismic loading. First part of the sequential loading consisted of a quasi-static cyclic lateral loading corresponds to life safety level of structural performance on the test frame. In the second part of the test, a compartment fire was ignited to the pre-damaged test frame for one hour duration simulating fire following earthquake (FFE) scenario. The results showed that the first cracking was observed at the end joints of the roof beams after the frame experienced a 30 mm cyclic lateral displacement. One hour heating and eleven hour cooling was tracked and temperatures were recorded. A knocking sound was heard from the fire compartment after 5 minutes of the fire ignition. An excessive degradation of the concrete material at a number of locations of the frame sub-assemblage was observed during visual inspection after the fire test. The Nondestructive tests (NDT) were also conducted to ascertain the damage in the RC frame at the various stages of loading. The test results developed an understanding of the behaviour of RC frame sub-assemblage in FFE.
Cerambycidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) Associados à Vochysia divergens Pohl (Vochysiaceae) na Região Norte do Pantanal de Mato Grosso, Brasil
Authors: Marques Marinêz Isaac , Dos Santos Geane Brizzola , Battirola Leandro Dênis
Published: August 2014

Este estudo apresenta registro da associação entre três espécies de Cerambycidae e Vochysia divergens Pohl (Vochysiaceae), espécie vegetal típica da região norte do Pantanal de Mato Grosso, que além de formar adensamentos monodominantes é considerada uma invasora de campos e pastagens nativas nesta região. Neste estudo, galhos e troncos desta espécie vegetal foram coletados ao longo de um ano (julho/1999 a junho/2000) e monitorados em laboratório para avaliação da densidade e período de emergência dos cerambicídeos. Como resultado, foram amostrados 277 indivíduos, representando três espécies de Cerambycidae, Psapharochrus bivittis (White), Luscosmodicum beaveari Martins e Neoeme bouvieri Gounelle. Além do registro da associação, observou-se que o pico de emergência dos Cerambycidae coincide com o início do período de enchente e cheia na região norte do Pantanal, evidenciando o sincronismo entre o desenvolvimento biológico destas espécies e o ciclo hidrológico desta região.  Cerambycidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) Associated with Vochysia divergens Pohl (Vochysiaceae) in the Northern Region of the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, BrazilAbstract. This study aims the registration of the association between Cerambycidae and Vochysia divergens Pohl (Vochysiaceae), typical plant species of the northern region of the Pantanal of Mato Grosso that besides forming monodominant stands and is considered a weed of fields and pastures in this region. In this study, branches and trunks of this specie were collected over one year (July/1999 - June/2000) and lab monitored for density and emergency time evaluation of Cerambycidae. As results 277 individuals were sampled, representing three species of Cerambycidae, Psapharochrus bivittis (White), Luscosmodicum beaveari Martins and Neoeme bouvieri Gounelle. In addition to registration of the association, it was noted that the emergence peak of Cerambycidae coincides with the beginning of flood and high water period in northern Pantanal, showing the synchronization between the biological development of this species and the hydrological cycle in this region
Annotated Checklist of Brazilian Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)
Authors: Fernandes Daniell Rodrigo Rodrigues , Onody Helena Carolina , Lara Rogéria Inês Rosa , Perioto Nelson Wanderley
Published: August 2014

The aim of this study was to provide an updated checklist of the species of Ophioninae reported for Brazil. Were catalogued 86 nominal species of Ophioninae, of which 61 of Enicospilus, nine of Thyreodon, five of Stauropoctonus, three of Ophiogastrella and of Ophion, two of Alophophion and of Rhynchophion and one of Prethophion. Enicospilus, to occur in 19 states and, is the most widely distributed genus. The present study reveals that knowledge of the fauna of Ophioninae is incipient in Brazil, much of the country remains subsampled and should have priority in future studies.Lista Anotada dos Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) BrasileirosResumo. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar uma lista atualizada das espécies de Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) relatadas para o Brasil. Foram catalogadas 86 espécies, dentre as quais 61 de Enicospilus, nove de Thyreodon, cinco de Stauropoctonus, três de Ophiogastrella e de Ophion, duas de Alophophion e de Rhynchophion e uma de Prethophion. Enicospilus, por ocorrer em 19 estados, é o gênero com maior distribuição geográfica. O presente estudo revela que o conhecimento da fauna de Ophioninae no Brasil é incipiente, que grande parte do país continua subamostrada e deve ter prioridade em estudos futuros.
Capacidade de Busca e de Parasitismo de Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) em Lagartas de Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: Santos Luan Alberto Odorizzi , Mihsfeldt Laila Herta
Published: August 2014

A capacidade do parasitoide de localizar e parasitar o hospedeiro estão diretamente relacionados ao sucesso do controle biológico de pragas. Diante disso, o presente trabalho avaliou o efeito da idade de Cotesia flavipes Cameron na capacidade busca e no parasitismo em lagartas de Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) em condições de laboratório. Realizou-se uma liberação de 2000 parasitoides com 24 horas de idade. Foram colocados 40 internódios infestados artificialmente com a broca, na distância de cinco e dez metros, num total de 80 colmos por avaliação, durante seis dias. Constatou-se que no primeiro dia de liberação houve a maior porcentagem de parasitismo, diferindo apenas do quinto e sexto dia. Conclui-se que C. flavipes pode parasitar até 120 horas de vida em condições de laboratório e recomenda-se a liberação de indivíduos com 24 horas de vida por apresentarem maior percentual de parasitismo nessa idade.

Ability to Quest and Parasitism of Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Larvae

Abstract. The ability of the parasitoid to locate and parasitize the host is directly related to the success of biological control of pests. The effect of Cotesia flavipes Cameron’s age on the ability to quest and parasitism larvae of Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) in laboratory conditions was evaluated. An amount of 2,000 adults (24 hours aged) was released. Fourteen sugarcane borer artificially infested internodes were 5 and 10 m placed apart each other, comprising eighteen stalks in each evaluation, during six days. The higher parasitism rate was observed in the first day after parasitoid release, with significant differences from the fifth day on. Therefore, C. flavipes is able to efficiently parasitize until its first 120 hours of life in laboratory conditions. It makes possible a recommendation of 24-hours aged parasitoid releases, that possibly will be more efficient in the sugarcane borer biological control.
Avaliação da Presença de Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) e Aedes albopictus (Skuse) no Município de Vassouras, RJ, Brasil
Authors: Pinheiro Renata Fraga , Alves Simone Pereira , Oliveira Alexandre Araujo , Espindola Cleber Barreto , Maleck Marise
Published: August 2014

Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a presença das formas imaturas de Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) e Aedes albopictus (Skuse) no Município de Vassouras, RJ, Brasil. O levantamento foi realizado no período de junho de 2008 a maio de 2010, em sete pontos pré-determinados do município, com coletas semanais utilizando como metodologia de captura de larvas armadilhas de pneus contendo infusão de capim. Os resultados mostraram positividade de Ae. aegypti e Ae. albopictus em todos os pontos analisados e preferencialmente nos meses dezembro, janeiro e março.

Evaluating the Presence of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in Vassouras City, RJ, Brazil

Abstract. This study aimed to verify the presence of immature forms of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in the Vassouras City, RJ, Brazil. The survey was conducted from June 2008 to May 2010 in seven pre-determined points of the city, with weekly collections using a capturing larval methodology of the traps tires containing grass infusion. The results showed positive for Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus at all points analyzed and preferably in the months December, January and March.