bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Puns and the Literal Translation of Words and Idioms in Humorous Discourse
Authors: Ayesha Rashid
Published: April 2021

Puns revolve around two or more semantically incompatible meanings as they are formed by polysemic and homophonic words used in a certain context. According to the incongruity theory of humour, humour is created due to incongruity between expectation and reality. All kinds of puns are based on ambiguity principles. This study aims to describe and compare lexical, phonological, morphological, syntactical and idiomatic puns and literal translations used in the context of Urdu sitcoms “Hum sub Umeed say hain” and “Hasb-e-Haal” by the help of descriptive-analytical method. Five episodes of each sitcom are analyzed. The rational of choosing these programs is that they revolve around important social issues and sensitive political themes to highlight and eradicate those problems. Findings indicate that lexical and idiomatic puns occur the most in our data, whereas morphological ambiguity is present least in number. The cause of ambiguity of more than a quarter of the data is due to literal translations and code switching. Since little work (and none to my knowledge in Urdu) has been done on puns and working of humorous literal translations of words and idioms in the context of sitcom and comedy discourse, this paper can be a linguistic contribution to the areas of media and humour studies.
Linguistic Simplicity and Complexity in Computer- Mediated Communication of Urdu/English Bilinguals
Authors: Dr. Muhammad Shaban Rafi
Published: April 2021

This study examines how linguistic practices of Urdu/English bilinguals influence linguistic typology particularly in terms of linguistic simplicity and complexity. The data was sampled from the Bachelor of Science students (who had Urdu as their primary language of communication and English as one of the academic languages or the most prestigious second language) of five universities located in Lahore, Pakistan. The data was primarily from their Facebook communication on the wall. The procedure for analysis was conceived within the current theoretical work on text analysis. At any given moment in time, interpersonal communication of Urdu/English bilinguals shows linguistic simplicity and complexity. The linguistic features which involve complexity are generally avoided and linguistic simplicity is emerging as the norm. The diachronic analysis of the data supports non-complexity axiom and further shows that the linguistic variations which used to occur over a period of decades are presumably spreading in a matter of years.
Return of Afghans from Pakistan: Linguistic and Visual Portrayal in the International and Pakistani print Media
Authors: Saadia Rasheed
Published: April 2021

The majority of news items on Afghan immigrants in the International press refer to their arrival in different countries, and amongst them Pakistan is at the top, during and after the invasion of Soviet Union in 1979. However, the focus of this study is the return of Afghan immigrants from Pakistan in last six years. This study reports the linguistic and pictorial representation of the return of Afghan immigrants to their homeland from Pakistan. Three types of Van Leeuwen’s (2008, p.5) descriptive social network models are applied. Van Leeuwen’ models help to critically scrutinize the whole process in terms of linguistic and visual discourse analysis. It is found that in international news media tend to project superficially on the return of Afghan refugees with their own perspective, while in Pakistani print media, there are mixed reactions about the refugees. Also, the paper timely contributes to the knowledge about the Afghan refugees, who mostly do not want to go back to their homeland but they are forced to do so due to the wave of terrorism and conflict between Pakistan and Afghanistan governments.
The Role of Pashto (as L1) and Urdu (as L2) in English Language Learning
Authors: Ayesha Saddiqa
Published: April 2021

Pashto is one of the dominant languages in the north of Pakistan. Its speakers prefer to communicate in L1with their peers in non-pashto speaking regions like Lahore, which is the capital city of Punjab, Pakistan. Along with Pashto, they communicate in Urdu (the national language) and English (the most prestigious academic language) for higher education, employment and business. With this background in mind, the current study investigates: (a) what are the common syntactic properties (sentence structure, aspect, preposition, article and mood) in Pashto, Urdu and English languages?, (b) What are the advantages and/ or disadvantages to Pashto speakers in English language learning? and (c) What is the potential role of Urdu in English language learning? Linguistic Proximity Model was used as a theoretical framework to analyze the data. The data was gathered from 19 Bachelor of Science Pashto students of different programs from three universities located in Lahore. The participants were asked to translate sentences from Urdu to English and from Pashto to English to find interference of both Pashto and Urdu in learning the English language. Unlike many studies, the present study negates the facilitative role of background languages in learning the target language. Apparently, although Urdu serves as a base for learning the English language, the present study recommends an independent investigation to explore the role of the Urdu language in learning English.
Future L2 Selves of Pakistani Learners of English: A Qualitative Perspective
Authors: Muhammad Islam  , Ahmad Sohail Lodhi  , Abdul Majid Khan
Published: April 2021

This study focuses on exploring various aspects of future L2 selves of Pakistani undergraduate students, which may be the critical components of their L2 motivation. It will also explain the socio-contextual factors which may be essential to shape the Future L2 selves of these Pakistani students. Qualitative method, based on semi-structured interviews as the tool, was used to collect data about the detailed visions of participants' future L2 selves. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.  The findings revealed strong motivational influences of future L2 selves on the participants. The presence of bright and plausible ideal selves among the participants was a crucial motivational indicator strengthened by the existence of accompanying action plans to achieve them. The participants also seemed to possess strong ought-to selves wrapped in their future responsibilities, fears of career, social status, personal image, and expectations of significant others. A strong connection between participants' Ideal and Ought-to L2 selves implies their deep internalization of the belief that English is essential to realize their future career dreams and reduce their fears of failure.
Linguistic Humor in Memes to Mitigate Post Covid-19 Severity
Authors: Zahoor Asma
Published: April 2021

This paper aims at exploring how the use of humor in memes can serve as a relief therapy in the face of the grave situation of the post-COVID-19 world. The conceptual frameworkor this study is drawn from Sultanoff (1994) theory of humor. He believes in the relieving effect of humor on humans’ psyche. Content analysis was used as a research method to analyze twelve memes shared at WhatsApp, an electronic, social media app for swift human interaction. The study demonstrates that humor is essentially the creative spirit of life that carries on despite hardships. It enables humanity to laugh in order not to cry. The linguistic humor in memes created in the context of the Pandemic Covid-19 serves as a tool to release stress, provide relief and create a sense of well-being.
Discourse of Fear and Economic Crisis: A Multimodal Analysis of Pakistani Newspaper’s Political Cartoons of COVID-19
Authors: Aazam Fareeha , Baig Tanveer , Azam Amna , Azam Zainab
Published: April 2021

The study investigates COVID-19 language of fear and phobia in Pakistani newspaper's political cartoons. These cartoons are a powerful medium for visual communication of any current and significant scenario as one image depicts the whole story. The editorial cartoons are also used to convey a specific meaning behind visual features. The present study is mainly concerned with the coronavirus, which affected life all over the world, and it is observed how newspapers are reporting this pandemic through political cartoons. Data is collected from 'The Dawn' newspaper. The research is qualitative. Machin's (2007) multimodal analysis is adapted for data analysis. Images denote and connote to convey a specific meaning according to the social and historical contexts. The study reveals that these political cartoons disseminate fear and mental illness among the people. However, they are also mocking and criticizing the official authorities for the economic crisis by highlighting the financial problems of the masses, as they did not make the wise decisions on time to control this pandemic.
CovidArchemyth and Pakistani Social Media Discourse
Authors: Janjua Fauzia , Aniqah Sabahat Syeda , Anwar Sara , Aslam Sehrish
Published: April 2021

The 21st-century world has seen several natural calamities in the form of widespread diseases such as SARS outbreak (2002-2004), swine flu pandemic (2009), and now the Covid-19.  The outbreak of coronavirus has put the world in a state of anxiety and fear. As a result, a considerable social myths content has been disembarked as a dynamic response to the pandemic. Like elsewhere, the social media discourse on Covid-19 myths is being constructed and consumed in Pakistan. Considering Bouchard's concept of configuration of social myths as either "strictly contextualized" or having "universal features with loose ties to social mechanism," the investigation of the configuration of social myths of Covid-19 in Pakistani social media is explored. Furthermore, the myths were analyzed for co-relation and interconnectedness through intertextuality. The study propounds that the social media discourse of dominant social actors hailing from religious, social, and philosophical domains construe locally contextualized ideas of Covid-19. The social actors' coalition of all social myths set the scene for a Pakistani CovidArchemyth, which is intertwined with peculiarities of Pakistani tradition and culture.
The Role of Toastmasters Clubs in Pakistani Universities during COVID-19 to Reduce English as the Second Language (L2) Speech Anxiety among Students
Authors: Irfan Humaira , Zunair Zafar Mirza
Published: April 2021

Pakistan has 30 toastmasters clubs that are chartered with toastmasters International, USA. A toastmasters club aims to promote the communication, public speaking, and leadership skills of people to uplift their morale for attaining various beneficial outcomes. The rationale of the study is to determine how toastmasters clubs in Pakistan during COVID-19 lockdown can reduce the English as the second language (L2) speech anxiety and fears of the participants through planned online activities.  The authors used the qualitative research method and designed a survey questionnaire consisting of close and open-ended questions to collect data from 23 toastmasters representing two toastmasters clubs established by highly reputed Pakistan's public and private universities. It is perceived that toastmasters clubs are using innovative and dynamic strategies to produce interactive sessions. However, speakers feel anxiety during the delivery of online speeches and presentations. They practice novel approaches and techniques to overcome their stress. Several new lessons have been acquired from participating in online meetings and contests organized during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. It has been found that clubs in Pakistan have rapidly adapted to new situations to maintain regular meetings and activities since lock down. Interestingly, it is discerned that Pakistani toastmasters clubs have made incredible progress during the lockdown and achieved Smedley Distinguished Award. The findings discuss that timely implementation of initiatives to prevail over the challenges emerging from COVID-19 has enhanced the quality of the Pakistani toastmasters clubs. The research recommends that toastmasters' university activities be used as an effective model to dispel employees' fears, apprehensions, and anxiety.
A Linguo-Cultural Analysis of COVID-19 Related Facebook Jokes
Authors: Akhlaq Khan Lubna , Ali Ghulam , Hussain Aadila , Noreen Khadija
Published: April 2021

This research aimed to get an insight into Pakistani people’s thought patterns and matters of concern through social media humor. The data collected through online crowdsourcing have been analyzed, adapting the Linguo-Cultural Approach by Petrova. The ‘culturemes’ have been arranged based on their 'semantic density' in a descending order. The highest dense ‘cultureme’ consists of the memes about gender, reinforcing the traditional notions of patriarchal tendencies. The second and third categories target the people's non-seriousness about the precautionary measures and the 'online classes', respectively. Satirical posts about political figures and governmental decisions are in the fourth position. The aggressive role of police, coupled with the expected population increase, has taken the fifth position in the hierarchy. The sixth category is about the masses' tendency to shop carelessly. The seventh category comprises self-deprecating memes, followed by the eighth category about over-eating and getting fat during the stay at home. Memes about China being labeled as the creator of the virus have taken the ninth position, and the posts about the ethnic slur come next. The least dense category consists of the posts about the hype created by news channels. This hierarchical arrangement of the semantic densities has revealed real-life situations and concerns and doubts and belief systems of the current social media users in Pakistan. The need of the hour is to employ content creators to come up with the comic, but creative memes and jokes to condition people's subconscious to be more careful about their health.
Covid-19 Neologisms and their Social Use: An Analysis from the Perspective of Linguistic Relativism
Authors: Khalfan Maryah , Batool Huma , Shehzad Wasima
Published: April 2021

This study aims to explore neologisms related to Covid-19 through the lens of the language-mind relationship, in terms of linguistic relativity. From a list of 25 Covid-19 neologisms collected from online dictionaries and Twitter.com, eight scientific and pop culture neologisms were selected to assess the motive of creation by exploring their first recorded use. Subsequently, the usage of Covid-19 neologisms in social media discourse was contextually analysed using the SFL framework of field, tenor, and mode to investigate whether it was illustrative of language influence over perception, or vice versa. A cyclic relationship was observed, in which perception prompted the creation of neologisms, whereas language influence on perception was evident in their usage in discourse.
The Discourse of Fear around Health and Economy in Pakistani English Newspaper Articles on Covid-19
Authors: Shahriar Ambreen , G.M. Junaid
Published: April 2021

The present study aims to unravel the language of fear aroused in the English Newspapers about health and economy during Covid-19. The qualitative data was drawn from the daily Dawn, and 'The News'.  Eight articles, four from each newspaper, were analyzed through qualitative lens. Findings reveal that the language of fear related to the country's healthcare system and economy is deployed mostly. The study demonstrates that certain phrases were used repeatedly to report about the worst economic recession and overwhelming situation in hospitals. A discourse of fear was created by sensationalizing certain situations and exploiting the language of Covid-19. The recommends reporting more about solutions to the problem than to create a hype that may damage the mental health of readers.
Evaluation of actin and desmin expression by immunohistochemistry to determine the time since death in dogs
Authors: Stern Adam
Published: April 2021

The estimation of the time since death can be of vital importance in a forensic investigation. Several different methods are available to the forensic investigator for estimation of time since death, including temperature- and molecular-based methods, and entomology. The use of immunohistochemical (IHC) methods has rarely been studied for estimation of time since death. To determine whether IHC staining can be used for estimation of time since death in dogs, we selected skeletal muscle as it is abundantly available and slower to decay compared to other tissues. Euthanized dogs (Canis familiaris) were allowed to decompose for up to 30 days in a walk-in refrigeration unit. Thigh muscle tissue was collected from a single dog on postmortem days 0, 2, 4, 6,…, 28, 30. Tissues were formalin-fixed and IHC-stained for muscle-specific actin and desmin. IHC staining was evaluated using the immunoreactive score (IRS) system. Skeletal muscle from all dogs stained positive for the duration of this study. Desmin staining was negative at days 10 and 26. The results show that immunohistochemistry can be performed on dog skeletal muscle for at least 30 days postmortem and support the further investigation of the use of immunohistochemistry for muscle markers to investigate the time since death for periods longer than 30 days.
Intracranial stab wound in a dog
Authors: Stern Adam
Published: April 2021

Sharp force wounds are not an uncommon cause of death in animal abuse cases. The reported case is of an adult dog that was stabbed in the head and had evidence of blunt force trauma. The stab wound was small and circular. The findings strongly support the use of an ice pick to cause the injury and support the need to be aware of unusual causes of sharp force trauma.
Manual Strangulation of a stray cat
Authors: Huang Wei-Hsiang , Kuo Chien-Chun , Hu Hsuan-Yun , Pan Chih-Hsin , Liao Albert Taiching , Liu Chen-Hsuan
Published: April 2021

Veterinary forensic pathology plays a crucial role in animal death investigations. Recent years have seen increased attention given to this field in Taiwan. Here we report a grave crime that aroused public indignation in Taiwan, when in December 2015, a missing free-roaming cat was allegedly strangled by a suspect, according to witnesses. Surveillance video footage of the cruel incident surfaced that showed the cat, without visible signs of struggle, strangled by both hands of the suspect and kicked in the abdomen’s left side. The body was stored in a travel bag when found in the suspect’s motorcycle trunk three days after the cat had been missing. The radiographs revealed a suspected luxation of cervical vertebrae 6 and 7 (C6–C7). At forensic necropsy and histopathology, neck compression with subcutaneous hemorrhage at the left submandibular area, bruising of the neck, tears in the wall of the left external jugular vein, and pulmonary lesions were identified, all consistent with asphyxiation. Hemorrhages of the epidural space of the C7 vertebra, the spinal nerve at the level of C7, and surrounding soft tissues were noted. The pathological findings were in line with the suspect’s confession, the witnesses’ statements, and the video footage. The process and outcome of this case reflected society’s growing awareness of animal welfare and the increased attention that the authorities are giving crimes against animals in Taiwan, and the link between pathologic findings and the crime.
Don et transplantation d'organes en Suisse
Authors: Hammer Raphaël , Barras Vincent , Pascual Manuel
Published: April 2021

Le problème du don d’organe est devenu un enjeu majeur, culturel, social et politique, de nos sociétés. Le présent ouvrage constitue une contribution cruciale à cette question. Il en éclaire l’émergence historique, analyse ses enjeux actuels en tenant compte d’une grande variété de matériaux (enquête sociologique auprès des associations et instances actives dans le domaine, archives hospitalières ou administratives, articles de presse, témoignages d’acteurs impliqués). Fondé sur la situation helvétique, il apporte une clé de lecture indispensable pour un débat d’une grande actualité à l’échelle internationale.
Relationship Between Low Born Weight (Lbw) And Stunting Events In Children (Age 24-59 Months)
Authors: Sutarto  , Sri Agustina  , Kinanti Rahmadhita  , Susianti  , Roro Rukmi Windi Perdani
Published: April 2021

Abstract     :     Background: Stunting is a condition of toddlers who have less length or height compared to age. Toddler stunting is a chronic nutritional problem caused by many factors, one of which is LBW. Babies born with LBW will be at high risk of morbidity, mortality, infectious diseases, underweight and stunting in the early neonatal period to childhood.The purpose of this study is to determine the association between  Low Birth Weight (LBW) with the incidence of stunting in toddlers (aged 24-59 months) in the Way Urang Community Health Center in South Lampung Regency.
                        Method: This study uses an observational analytic method with a case control study design. LBW data is secondary data obtained by looking at the birth weight data of children under five listed in the Maternal and Child Health book Way Urang Community Health Center data. The statistical analysis uses the Chi Square test.
                        Result: There is an association of Low Birth Weight (LBW) with the occurrence of stunting in toddlers (aged 24-59 months) in Way Urang Community Health Center South Lampung Regency. P value= 0,024.
                        Conclusion: There is a significant association of Low Birth Weight with the incidence of stunting in toddlers (aged 24-59 months) in the Way Urang Community Health Center in South Lampung Regency.
Health and Illnes Concept in Elderly Age in Munte Village, Munte District, Karo Regency
Authors: Mia Audia Br Kaban  , Nurman Achmad
Published: April 2021

Abstract: This study discusses the concept of health and illness in the elderly in Munte Village, Munte District, Karo Regency. The purpose of this study was to see how the elderly respond in dealing with disease and to see what things are done to process the prevention and cure of a disease. The method used in this research is ethnography with a qualitative approach with the aim of systematically describing cultural characteristics more deeply in their own space and time. The methods used in data collection are participatory observation and unstructured interviews and use interview guidelines. The results of the study were to see how the elderly interpret health in old age. Traditional medicine that is so attached to their daily lives is a knowledge that is passed down from generation to generation. The role of the family is very important in supporting the health of the elderly both from a social, economic and psychological perspective.
Cuando el desarrollo es una visión de pasado: extractivismo minero y conflictividad ambiental
Authors: Escalona Thomas Daniela
Published: April 2021

El desarrollo siempre es una visión, imagen o expectativa del futuro. Sin embargo, en territorios producidos por el extractivismo minero, donde las condiciones ambientales que permiten o permitieron ciertos modos de vida son destruidas, aquella situación es significada por las comunidades locales como una ruptura de las proyecciones y posibilidades de desarrollos futuros. A través del estudio de los casos de la Comunidad Aymara de Cancosa y en la localidad de Quillagua, sobre diferentes nociones y perspectivas conceptuales sobre desarrollo y territorios se identifica en sus narrativas como las condiciones de vida pasada se resignificaron para dar sentido y contenido a la definición actual del desarrollo. Se establece que el extractivismo minero produjo un daño ambiental que limita radicalmente las posibilidades de desarrollo actuales y futuras, produciendo que sus habitantes perciban que las condiciones ambientales y sociales que tuvieron en el pasado constituyan el único imaginario de desarrollo posible.
Integración territorial como marginación: obstáculos para las zonas aisladas en Aysén y Magallanes, Chile
Authors: Román Álvaro
Published: April 2021

Las zonas aisladas son territorios definidos por sus carencias y son analizados desde su distancia, sus problemas de conectividad o su falta de dinamismo económico. En Chile, este fenómeno es abordado mediante medidas de integración, principalmente a través de la institucionalidad pública y el mercado. Sin embargo, se presta menos atención a las definiciones realizadas desde los territorios para caracterizar las evidentes diferencias con los polos de desarrollo. Este artículo cuestiona la noción de integración territorial de estas zonas como un medio para promover su desarrollo y mejorar su calidad de vida. En particular, se exponen las omisiones y obstáculos que enfrentan territorios aislados al intentar cumplir objetivos definidos a la distancia. Basado en entrevistas semiestructuradas aplicadas en las comunas de Aysén y Cabo de Hornos, en el sur de Chile, se identifican los problemas cotidianos de habitar territorios extremos, con clima, conectividad y base económica desafiantes. También se releva las particularidades locales de estas comunas y sus posibilidades de actuar en pos de la integración de estas zonas en sus propios términos.
Um estudo da Parceria Público-Privada para a promoção da cultura cinematográfica municipal
Authors: Brum Sonia Maria da Silva
Published: April 2021

A concepção de cultura é complexa e multifacetada, permitindo que existam diferentes definições. Cultura se manifesta por diferentes formas e para atender a diferentes propósitos na sociedade. Dentre as múltiplas expressões de cultura, o cinema é uma forma cultural que explora diferentes sentidos e emoções do telespectador. O cinema pode ser utilizado como uma ferramenta para a construção da identidade, preservação da memória histórica, processo educacional, dentre outros fins. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente projeto é analisar o documento de implementação da Parceria Público-Privado entre Prefeitura Municipal de Paraíba do Sul e uma empresa privada que opera a concessão da Rede Ferroviária Federal na Região Sudeste, para a revitalização do cinema popular municipal. O município de Paraíba do Sul se encontra localizado geograficamente na microrregião de Três Rios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e dispõe do Cinema Popular Nívea Stelmann. A sala de cinema popular integra um centro cultural do município, gerido por uma autarquia municipal. Esta autarquia é responsabilidade por fomentar à cultura local para promoção da cidadania, preservação do patrimônio cultural, administrar os equipamentos culturais, assim como estudar propostas de projetos de parcerias entre instituições. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo, optou-se por uma metodologia que adota uma pesquisa básica, por meio do estudo de caso de caráter documental ao utilizar o documento de implantação da Parceria Público-Privada para a revitalização do cinema popular. Os resultados permitiram identificar que as responsabilidades pactuadas na parceria entre as organizações pública e a privada podem trazem benefícios sociais e culturais aos munícipes. Além disso, o contrato tem a potencialidade reduzir despesas da empresa privada e do município.
Cambiamenti climatici e agroecologia nello sviluppo del Rio Grande do Sul-Brasile
Authors: Trentin Iran Carlos Lovis
Published: April 2021

La proposta centrale di questo articolo è quella di comprendere e discutere la situazione generata dalle continue siccità che affliggono l’economia agricola di diverse regioni del Rio Grande do Sul negli ultimi decenni, in particolare con l’adozione di modelli produttivi degradanti e inquinanti dagli anni ’70. Discutere anche alcune informazioni sui fenomeni naturali che intensificano la siccità costante, così come l’azione umana nel peggioramento della siccità. Per questo, abbiamo condotto un’ampia ricerca bibliografica e interviste con ricercatori della zona. Da ciò, è stato identificato che l’agroecologia come modello di agricoltura sostenibile è un’alternativa per sostituire il modello dipendente e degradante degli ecosistemi nella produzione di alimenti per gaúchos e per l’esportazione. Inoltre, con questo modello di produzione sostenibile negli agroecosami, è possibile garantire miglioramenti ambientali, economici e sociali alle famiglie degli agricoltori di tutte le regioni agricole, oltre a mitigare le continue siccità e siccità che sono diventate frequenti negli ultimi decenni, causando enormi perdite economiche e ambientali per tutta la produzione del Rio Grande do Sul.
Gestão De Produção E Processos Na Industrialização De Concreto Usinado – Um Estudo De Caso
Authors: Ribeiro Claudete Fogliato , Silva Braian Alves Da
Published: April 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo geral, analisar as etapas do sistema de produção, através do mapeamento das atividades ligadas diretamente aos processos produtivos na industrialização de concreto usinado. Para realização do estudo quanto aos aspectos metodológicos, este caracteriza-se como sendo um estudo de caso, como forma de abordagem trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva de natureza qualitativa. Para o levantamento dos dados foram realizadas entrevistas e observação no ambiente de trabalho e na sequência a realização da análise dos dados. Diagnosticou-se que a empresa apresentou alguns gargalos em seu processo produtivo, em sequência, foram apresentadas algumas sugestões de melhorias aos gestores. Diante disso, concluiu-se que adquirir uma rotina de controle das atividades por meio da gestão de processos colabora para a busca de melhores resultados e desempenho dos colaboradores, podendo assim a empresa desenvolver solução de problemas com a compreensão de todos pelas atividades desenvolvidas e assim atendendo seus clientes da melhor forma possível para alcance de seus objetivos.
Cambio climático y agroecología en el desarrollo de Rio Grande do Sul-Brasil
Authors: Trentin Iran Carlos Lovis
Published: April 2021

La propuesta central de este artículo es entender y discutir la situación generada por las constantes sequías que azotan la economía agrícola de varias regiones de Rio Grande do Sul en las últimas décadas, especialmente con la adopción de modelos productivos degradantes y contaminantes desde la década de 1970. También se discute información sobre los fenómenos naturales que intensifican las sequías constantes, así como la acción humana en el empeoramiento de las sequías. Para ello, realizamos una amplia investigación bibliográfica y entrevistas con investigadores de la zona. A partir de esto, se identificó que la agroecología como modelo de agricultura sostenible es una alternativa para sustituir el modelo dependiente y degradante de los ecosistemas en la producción de alimentos para gaúchos y para la exportación. Además, con este modelo sostenible de producción en agroecosistemas, es posible garantizar mejoras ambientales, económicas y sociales a las familias de los agricultores de todas las regiones agrícolas, además de mitigar las constantes sequías y sequías que se han vuelto frecuentes en las últimas décadas, causando pérdidas económicas y ambientales muy grandes para toda la producción de Rio Grande do Sul.
Clinical and economic impact of screening for Fabry disease in children from high risk groups
Authors: Zhuravleva M.V. , Khimich T.V. , Gagarina Yu.V. , Kotrovskiy V.A.
Published: April 2021

To evaluate a potential impact of screening for Fabry disease (FD) and subsequent enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) among children and adolescents with diseases masking FD on the burden of FD in Russia.
JAK-inhibitors: pharmacological properties and comparative clinical efficacy and safety
Authors: Novikov P. , Shevtsova T. , Shchegoleva E. , Moiseev S.
Published: April 2021

JAK-inhibitors interrupt the intracellular JAK-STAT signalling pathway that mediates action of various cytokines which are involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. The objective of literature review was to compare the results of clinical trials of three JAK-inhibitors, that is, tofacitinib, baricitinib and upadacitinib, that differ in selectivity against JAK, in patients with RA. We have found no direct head-to-head clinical trials of JAK-inhibitoris. However, in the randomized controlled trials both non-selective (tofacitinib and baricitinib) and selective (upadacitinib) JAK-inhibitors were proved to be more effective than placebo and were associated with the similar response rates. Safety profiles of JAK-inhibitors were also comparable.
Professor Mediador em Metodologias Ativas no Ensino Superior:
Authors: Nunes Renato , Debald Blasius Silvano
Published: April 2021

Este artigo é resultado de um estudo planejado e executado a partir das leituras e compreensões realizadas por um participante do Curso MBA em Educação Híbrida, Metodologias Ativas e Gestão da Aprendizagem – UNISC, proposto e executado pelo Centro Universitário União das Américas, UniAmérica, edição 2019-2020. A partir da proposta do Curso foi realizada uma intervenção com um grupo de estudantes de um programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação – PPGEdu, com o objetivo de verificar as condições de aplicabilidade do Trabalho Discente Efetivo (TDE) e da metodologia da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP), considerando tais situações como parte do processo para a melhoria do desempenho acadêmico e profissional em uma universidade comunitária no Sul do Brasil. É objeto deste artigo, também, o reconhecimento do lugar do professor nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem e dos tipos de melhorias que poderá proporcionar ao desempenho acadêmico dos estudantes do ensino superior com a utilização da metodologia da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas. Para tanto, será realizada uma breve fundamentação teórica a propósito dos termos capitais deste estudo e, na sequência, serão apresentados os problemas e as respostas elaboradas pelos estudantes. Como resultados, ressalta-se que a metodologia da ABP favorece a realização de atividades extraclasse que podem ser consideradas como TDE.
Metodologias Ativas no Ensino Superior:
Authors: Vale Fábio do , Gil Daniela
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo vislumbra e apresenta as condicionalidades na educação do ensino superior do Brasil engendradas pelas experivivências na Faculdade Insted. Os meandros enunciativos deste trabalho resvalam à questão do modus operandi que se tem aplicado pela ancoragem das metodologias ativas como cerne basilar da busca e ascensão da referia instituição no mercado educacional brasileiro. O objetivo deste artigo é explanar nossas experiências acadêmicas na Faculdade Insted com as aplicabilidades das metodologias ativas a partir de Campo Grande, MS. Os métodos selecionados para alcançar o objetivo pedagógico do nosso acadêmico protagonista está/esteve sempre atravessado pelas metodologias ativas, ou seja, um ensino não tradicional. Com a aplicação deste processo pedagógico não tradicional, até o presente momento, já obtivemos resultados/espaços notórios abertos aos nossos acadêmicos, vez que, foram requeridos pelo mercado de trabalho em Campo Grande, por exporem seus trabalhos acadêmicos, demonstrando terem tido contato com as experivivências, ou seja, com o real mercado de trabalho ainda no âmbito acadêmico.
Güzel Sanatlar Fakültelerinde Müzik Teorisi ve İşitme Eğitimi Derslerinde Öğrencilerin Yaşadıkları Sorunlar
Authors: KAYNAK AKÇAOĞLU Tuğçe
Published: April 2021

Müzik eğitimi, esasta bir müziksel tutum edindirme, değiştirme, değişikliği yaratma ve müziksel tutum geliştirme sürecidir. Müzik eğitimi vasıtası ile kişinin toplumsal çevresi ve müziksel çevresi arasındaki bildirişim ve ilişkilerin daha tertipli, sağlıklı ve verimli olması umulur. Güzel Sanatlar Fakültelerinin genel amacı topluma faydalı olabileceğini düşündükleri öğrencileri yetiştirmek ve meslek sahibi olmalarına olanak tanımaları olmuştur. Bu bölümlerde okuyan öğrenciler müzik teorilerine ve performansa dayalı yoğun bir eğitim almaktadırlar. Bölümlerin zaruri derslerinden biri de Müzik Teorileri ve İşitme Eğitimi dersidir. Literatür tarandığında da görülmektedir ki, çok fazla sayıda işitme eğitimi dersinin farklı etkileri üzerine yapılmış akademik çalışmalar mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada da Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi Müzik Bölümü programında yer alan Müzik Teorisi ve İşitme eğitimi dersinde öğrencilerin ne tür zorluklarla karşılaştıkları saptanmıştır. Çalışma grubu 37 kişilik bir öğrenci grubundan oluşmuştur. 12 Yargı cümlesinden oluşan 3’lü likert tipi anket uygulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak; işitme eğitimi dersinde öğrencilerin en çok yaşadığı problemler; İşitme eğitimi ders esnasında gerekli ortamın/araç gerecin/sessizliğin sağlanamaması, Sınıf içi başarı düzeylerinin farklı olması ve öğrencilerin düzenli ders tekrarı yapmamaları olarak belirlenmiştir.
The Ecological Component of Sustainable Development of Agriculture
Authors:   National Pharmaceutical University, Strapchuk S. I.
Published: April 2021

The article is aimed at studying the ecological indicators of sustainable development of agriculture on the basis of systematization of statistical data in dynamics and determination of characteristic signs of ecological threat caused by the activities of economic entities. It is determined that, according to the conception of triple criterion by J. Elkington, the ecological component of sustainable development, on a par with economic and social, comprised the basis for the development of national indicators as defined by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. The surveys conducted by the World Economic Forum indicate a pre-emptive positions of ecological global risks associated with extreme weather events, failures in the fight against climate change, natural natural disasters, decreased biodiversity, and the natural disasters caused by economic actors. As a result of the study, two groups of ecological indicators of sustainable development of agriculture are distinguished as related to the estimation of soil quality and biodiversity, which are expressed in SDGs 6, 13 and 15. Further analysis of the actual implementation of tasks in the context of the Goals allows to assess the degree of their reach in the near future. High levels of area plowing, uncontrolled use of fertilizers and linear waste-producing economic management models are the reasons for the increase in greenhouse gas emissions, a decrease in the balance of humus and nutrients. Gradual replacement of linear models with cyclic models can facilitate a regeneration of natural capital. Further research is related to the revision of the efficiency of resource use, the search for ways to reduce waste volume, as well as the application of the conception of circular economy at the local level.
Analyzing the Tourism Demand in Ukraine: The Current Status and Prospects
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Yevtushenko O. V. , Нaponenko H. I. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Shamara I. M. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: April 2021

The article is aimed at analyzing the tourist flow in Ukraine. An analysis of the UNWTO research shows that in the period up to 2030 an increase of the tourism profits by almost 2 times compared to 2010 is forecast. At the same time, there is a tendency of an increase in the interest of Ukrainians in holidays abroad, despite a number of political and economic reasons. It should be noted that the number of tourism activities entities operating in Kharkiv region occupy 6.2% of the total number of such entities in Ukraine. Analyzing the statistics, it should be noted that of the top 10 countries that Ukrainians chose for travel, 9 are countries focused on swimming and beach holidays, as well as those that are the leaders of package tours from the tour operators of Ukraine. The first place was taken by Egypt as an all-year-round tourist destination. For this country, tour operators put charter programs throughout the year, offering three main resorts: Sharm El Sheikh, Hurghada and Marsa Alam. The second place is taken by Turkey , the leading country for choosing a vacation among Ukrainians. It is worth noting that in addition to traditional Antalya, also the resorts such as Dalaman, Bodrum and Izmir are gaining popularity in Kharkiv region. Spain and the UAE have significantly increased volumes, Greece received a traditionally high percentage. Upon the carried out analysis, it is possible to state the dynamics of growth of the number of Ukrainians traveling abroad. This is facilitated by such factors as the introduction of a visa-free regime and the arrival of low-cost airlines in the Ukrainian market. For the development of domestic tourism, a positive point is the opening of direct air communication between the cities of Ukraine. Thus, the introduction of seasonal regional routes, for example, Kharkiv – Odesa or Kharkiv – Lviv allows generating the flow of domestic tourists to the main tourist destinations of the country, and Ukrainians get the opportunity to travel around Ukraine quickly and at competitive prices.
The Adequacy of Setting the Level of Minimum Wage in Ukraine
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Shyfrina N. I.
Published: April 2021

The article is aimed at examining the adequacy of setting the level of minimum wage to modern conditions of economic management in Ukraine. At the heart of the State regulation of Ukrainian economy, as in most countries of the world, are social standards, the justified establishing of which allows to stimulate the economic growth of the country, control the redistribution of income in the economy, ensure an adequate level of reproduction of labor and quality of life of the population. One of the key levers of socio-economic policy of the State is the setting of a minimum wage in the legislative order. The author systematizes the basic factors on the ground of which the minimum wage should be determined: subsistence minimum; relation to the average level of wages, taking into account its unevenness in the regions of Ukraine; growth rate of the consumer price index. The level of minimum wage and its compliance with the above specified factors, taking into account the practice of developed countries, is analyzed. The author determines an inadequacy of this indicator of the economic situation and the inconsistency of its dynamics from 2016 to the present time with the basic factors studied. The negative impact of raising the minimum wage on the dynamics of the number of people transferred to part-time and those who were on vacation without wages is defined. Several directions of improvement of the State policy on setting the level of minimum wage are proposed.
Matrix Methods in Assessing the Feasibility of Accounting Outsourcing
Authors:   International Academy of Certification of Accountants and Auditors, Ivanenko V. O. , Laichuk S. M. ,   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University
Published: April 2021

The decision to outsource should be preceded by a thorough substantiation for its feasibility and efficiency. The existence of many models and methods for substantiating the feasibility of outsourcing is primarily associated with different approaches to evaluating the efficiency and with variety of types of outsourcing, as for each type an individual calculation may be offered. As one of the most popular analytical instruments for preliminary outsourcing evaluation is defined the use of matrix method, by means of which the most common «outsourcing matrices» are considered (McKinsey’s BCG matrices, «Pricewarehouse Coopers», D. Khlebnikov, A. Kh. Kurbanov, IBS, B. O. Anikin and I. L. Ruda, A. H. Isavnin and I. I. Farkhutdinov, N. K. Moiseeva, O. M. Malyutina and I. O. Moskovina) and it is justified that the main difference between the existing matrices is the criteria for evaluating business processes (functions). A matrix of strategic measures on accounting outsourcing has been developed, which analyzes the internal and external environment from the point of view of the strengths and weaknesses of the enterprise, its capabilities and expected threats. Opportunities and threats are caused by the external (uncontrolled or poorly controlled) factors, while strengths and weaknesses – by the internal (controlled) factors. It is emphasized that SWOT analysis is an effective instrument for business cooperation and a way to optimize activities of enterprise. It is proved that the main purpose of SWOT analysis of outsourcing of accounting services is to determine the current situation, prospects and the further best behavioral strategy for accounting on one’s own or delegation of accounting to external executors. Prospects for further research are study and assessment of risks that arise when carrying out outsourcing activities.
Implementing the State Budget Accounting Policy with the Use of Automated Systems in Ukraine
Authors:   Institute of Naval Forces of the National University «Odessa Maritime Academy», Davidyuk A. A. , Kambur I. V. ,   Ivan Chernyakhovsky National University of Defense of Ukraine
Published: April 2021

The functioning of budgetary institution in the market conditions is impossible to imagine without the computerization of its main economic and production processes. Accountance is no exception. To facilitate routine accounting work, a large number of different accounting programs have been created in recent years. The introduction of accounting software products allows not only automating the accountance, but also establishing order in inventory control, in the supply and sale of products and goods, tracking contracts, quickly calculating wages, timely submitting official statistical reports. Computerization of accountance (both in general and considering its separate sections) not only facilitates the process of management of activities, but also is a prerequisite for fulfilling a number of legislative requirements, in particular regarding the submission of electronic reporting. In addition, automated accounting systems are used to process accounting information. The use of software allows the accountant to obtain up-to-date information, reduce the number of errors in the entry and processing of data caused by the human factor. The publication examines the current state and substantiates the need to automate the accounting system of budgetary institutions in order to ensure their efficient activities. The main features of software products for accountance automation in budgetary organizations are considered, also the main advantages of using these applications to optimize and adapt the accounting system of domestic institutions to the contemporary challenges of the information society and international practice of budget accounting are defined. The peculiarities of use of the most popular software products of budgetary institutions of Ukraine are analyzed; the key requirements for companies – manufacturers of accounting automation software products for the budgetary institutions of Ukraine are substantiated; a phased algorithm is substantiated to ensure the effective implementation of the process of automation of the accounting system in domestic budgetary organizations.