bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Practice funding and socioeconomic deprivation in English general practices: a longitudinal study 2013–2017
Authors: Levene Louis S , Baker Richard , Bankart John , Walker Nicola , Williams Christopher , Wilson Andrew
Published: June 2018

Background

The NHS general practice payment formula has no specific measures of socio-economic deprivation, an important health determinant. Variables related to population health needs are poor predictors of cross-sectional variations in practice payments. Additional years of payments data allow longitudinal analyses.

Aim

Do deprivation scores predict variations in the slope over time of NHS practice payments, after adjusting for organisational and population factors?

Method

The sample was 6898 English practices with more than 500 patients, studied over 4 financial years, 2013–2014 to 2016–2017. The dependent variable was total NHS payments per registered patient (after deductions). The independent variable was the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) 2015 score for each practice (range: 3.2 to 66.5). 17 Confounders were selected for conceptual plausibility and data availability at practice level, and included organisational variables and population variables A random intercepts and random slopes model was fitted to adjust for clustering of measurements within practices. The linear effects of independent variables on payments over time were modelled by fitting interaction terms (product of variable with year). Descriptive statistics and univariable analyses were undertaken.

Results

Practice IMD scores were very weak predictors of longitudinal variations in total payments’ slopes (4.9p/patient/1 unit increase in IMD). We also found that our confounders had very small predictive effects, and payments and IMD were not correlated in any year (Spearman correlation coefficients ranging from 0.01 to 0.06). The median of payments increased from £102.77 (2013–2014) to £115.43 (2016–2017).

Conclusion

Total payments increased very slightly more in practices with higher deprivation scores. This suggests that the NHS general practice payment formula may not adequately compensate practices whose populations have greater health needs.
Research activity and quality indicators in primary care - An explorative qualitative interview study
Authors: Riding Helen , Haining S , Robinson L
Published: June 2018

Background

Emerging evidence suggests that research activity improves healthcare performance in secondary care. Staff who contribute and participate in research studies, tend to have a greater understanding, and use, of current evidence and guidelines. The engagement in research in primary care and correlation with quality indicators (QIs) is unclear.

Aim

The aim of this study is exploring the link between research activity and quality indicators in primary care.

Method

4 GPs and 4 practice managers consented and participated in semi-structured interviews conducted in spring 2017. A purposive sampling strategy was adopted until data saturation was achieved. The interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic framework analysis.

Results

Practices with a GP research champion were more likely to undertake research. Staff directly participating in the recruitment and follow-up and the research teams adopting a participatory and active research methodology is more likely to lead to improvement in quality. Including research as Enhanced Service may influence increased participation. The QOF is most likely to reflect improvement related to research, but opinions were mixed.

Conclusion

Clinical Commissioning Groups and NHS England should be encouraged to develop QIs for research. As the landscape changes with the creation of Accountable Care Systems, there is an opportunity address the inclusion of research into practice contracts. This paper is the first to explore this topic in primary care and the findings will contribute towards developing quantitative research to expand the findings of this exploratory study.
Gestational diabetes mellitus: are mothers being followed-up? A retrospective study
Authors: Ward Rebecca , Hanna Fahmy W , Shelley-Hitchen Ann , Hodgson Ellen , Heald Adrian , Fryer Anthony A , Duff Christopher J
Published: June 2018

Background

Women with gestational diabetes (GDM) have an elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM). NICE Guidance recommends women who develop GDM are screened 6 weeks post-partum and annually thereafter.

Aim

To evaluate conformity to guidance of screening in women with GDM by 6-week post-partum fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and annual FPG and determine time between delivery and development of T2DM.

Method

Records at a tertiary referral centre were used to identify women (n = 54) diagnosed with GDM by antenatal oral glucose tolerance test between July 1999 and January 2007. Data from laboratory records were used to collect investigations of glycaemic status during the follow-up period (median follow-up 12.4 years, range 9.5–17.1 years).

Results

Of 252 women, 102 (40.2%) did not have a FPG at 6 weeks (+/−2 weeks). Of these, median time to first test was 1.2 years (range 0.04–10.8 years), with only 43.1% followed-up within 1 year. In those who had a 6-week FPG, 17 (11.3%) women had no further tests. A total of 84 (33% of those with gestational diabetes in the index pregnancy) women were diagnosed with T2DM; median time from delivery to diagnosis was 5.2 years (range 0.35–15.95). We found the only significant factor for a follow-up test at 1-year post-partum was the use of insulin.

Conclusion

Our data suggest an alternative approach is needed for monitoring women with a history of GDM. This needs to be appropriate for a generally healthy group in which traditional screening mechanisms may not be adequate or sufficient.
Design and biological characterization of novel cell-penetrating peptides preferentially targeting cell nuclei and subnuclear regions
Authors: Gronewold Anja , Horn Mareike , Neundorf Ines
Published: June 2018

Within this study, we report about the design and biological characterization of novel cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) with selective suborganelle-targeting properties. The nuclear localization sequence N50, as well as the nucleoli-targeting sequence NrTP, respectively, were fused to a shortened version of the cell-penetrating peptide sC18. We examined cellular uptake, subcellular fate and cytotoxicity of these novel peptides, N50-sC18* and NrTP-sC18*, and found that they are nontoxic up to a concentration of 50 or 100 µM depending on the cell lines used. Moreover, detailed cellular uptake studies revealed that both peptides enter cells via energy-independent uptake, although endocytotic processes cannot completely excluded. However, initial drug delivery studies demonstrated the high versatility of these new peptides as efficient transport vectors targeting specifically nuclei and nucleoli. In future, they could be further explored as parts of newly created peptide–drug conjugates.
Near-infrared Polarimetry of the Outflow Source AFGL 6366S: Detection of Circular Polarization
Authors: Kwon Jungmi , Nakagawa Takao , Tamura Motohide , Hough James H. , Kandori Ryo , Choi Minho , Kang Miju , Cho Jungyeon , Nakajima Yasushi , Nagata Tetsuya
Published: June 2018

We have carried out near-infrared circular and linear imaging polarimetry of the AFGL 6366S region. There is one large infrared reflection nebula associated with the AFGL 6366S cluster and one small infrared reflection nebula associated with AFGL 6366S NE. Prominent and extended polarized nebulosities over the AFGL 6366S cluster field are found to be composed of several components and local nebula peaks, and those nebulosities are illuminated by at least three sources, which is roughly consistent with a previous study. However, the detailed linear polarization patterns and their degrees differ from the earlier study. The brightest regions of the nebulae are illuminated by the IRAS/WISE source. In addition, we report the first detection of circular polarization (CP) in the reflection nebula associated with AFGL 6366S. The CP is as large as approximately 4% in the K

s
band, and the maximum CP extent is approximately 0.45 pc, which is comparable to that for the largest CP regions known to date, such as Orion and Mon R2, although the CP degrees are much smaller. The CP pattern is mostly quadrupolar, and its morphology resembles the shape of the C18O dense core. Therefore, the CP region is probably illuminated by the IRAS/WISE source and its polarization is amplified by the dichroic absorption of the dense core associated with the cluster. This is the ninth source whose degrees of CPs are measured to be greater than 3%, suggesting that large and extended infrared CP regions are common among mid- to high-mass young stellar objects.
The Magnetic Response of the Solar Atmosphere to Umbral Flashes
Authors: Houston S. J. , Jess D. B. , Ramos A. Asensio , Grant S. D. T. , Beck C. , Norton A. A. , Prasad S. Krishna
Published: June 2018

Chromospheric observations of sunspot umbrae offer an exceptional view of magnetoacoustic shock phenomena and the impact they have on the surrounding magnetically dominated plasma. We employ simultaneous slit-based spectro-polarimetry and spectral imaging observations of the chromospheric He i 10830 Å and Ca ii 8542 Å lines to examine fluctuations in the umbral magnetic field caused by the steepening of magnetoacoustic waves into umbral flashes. Following the application of modern inversion routines, we find evidence to support the scenario that umbral shock events cause expansion of the embedded magnetic field lines due to the increased adiabatic pressure. The large number statistics employed allow us to calculate the adiabatic index, γ = 1.12 ± 0.01, for chromospheric umbral locations. Examination of the vector magnetic field fluctuations perpendicular to the solar normal revealed changes up to ∼200 G at the locations of umbral flashes. Such transversal magnetic field fluctuations have not been described before. Through comparisons with nonlinear force-free field extrapolations, we find that the perturbations of the transverse field components are oriented in the same direction as the quiescent field geometries. This implies that magnetic field enhancements produced by umbral flashes are directed along the motion path of the developing shock, hence producing relatively small changes, up to a maximum of ∼8°, in the inclination and/or azimuthal directions of the magnetic field. Importantly, this work highlights that umbral flashes are able to modify the full vector magnetic field, with the detection of the weaker transverse magnetic field components made possible by high-resolution data combined with modern inversion routines.
Torsional Alfvén Wave Embedded ICME Magnetic Cloud and Corresponding Geomagnetic Storm
Authors: Raghav Anil N. , Kule Ankita , Bhaskar Ankush , Mishra Wageesh , Vichare Geeta , Surve Shobha
Published: June 2018

Energy transfer during the interaction of large-scale solar wind structure and the Earth’s magnetosphere is a chronic issue in space-weather studies. To understand this, researchers widely studied the geomagnetic storm and substorm phenomena. The present understanding suggests that the long duration of the southward interplanetary magnetic field component is the most important parameter for the geomagnetic storm. Such a long duration strong southward magnetic field is often associated with ICMEs, torsional Alfvén fluctuations superposed corotating interacting regions (CIRs), and fast solar wind streams. Torsional Alfvén fluctuations embedded CIRs have been known of for a long time; however, magnetic clouds embedded with such fluctuations are rarely observed. The presence of Alfvén waves in the ICME/MC and the influence of these waves on the storm evolution remains an interesting topic of study. The present work confirms the torsional Alfvén waves in a magnetic cloud associated with a CME launched on 2011 February 15, which impacted the Earth’s magnetosphere on 2011 February 18. Furthermore, observations indicate that these waves inject energy into the magnetosphere during the storm and contribute to the long recovery time of geomagnetic storms. Our study suggests that the presence of torsional Alfvén waves significantly controls the storm dynamics.
A Thorough View of the Nuclear Region of NGC 253: Combined Herschel, SOFIA, and APEX Data Set
Authors: Pérez-Beaupuits J. P. , Güsten R. , Harris A. , Requena-Torres M. A. , Menten K. M. , Weiß A. , Polehampton E. , van der Wiel M. H. D.
Published: June 2018

We present a large set of spectral lines detected in the 40″ central region of the starburst galaxy NGC 253. Observations were obtained with the three instruments SPIRE, PACS, and HIFI on board the Herschel Space Observatory, upGREAT on board the SOFIA airborne observatory, and the ground-based Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment telescope. Combining the spectral and photometry products of SPIRE and PACS, we model the dust continuum spectral energy distribution (SED) and the most complete 12CO line SED reported so far toward the nuclear region of NGC 253. The properties and excitation of the molecular gas were derived from a three-component non-LTE radiative transfer model, using the SPIRE 13CO lines and ground-based observations of the lower-J
13CO and HCN lines, to constrain the model parameters. Three dust temperatures were identified from the continuum emission, and three components are needed to fit the full CO line SED. Only the third CO component (fitting mostly the HCN and PACS 12CO lines) is consistent with a shock-/mechanical-heating scenario. A hot core chemistry is also argued as a plausible scenario to explain the high-J
12CO lines detected with PACS. The effect of enhanced cosmic-ray ionization rates, however, cannot be ruled out and is expected to play a significant role in the diffuse and dense gas chemistry. This is supported by the detection of ionic species like OH+ and H2O+, as well as the enhanced fluxes of the OH lines with respect to those of H2O lines detected in both PACS and SPIRE spectra.
Formation of Silicate and Titanium Clouds on Hot Jupiters
Authors: Powell Diana , Zhang Xi , Gao Peter , Parmentier Vivien
Published: June 2018

We present the first application of a bin-scheme microphysical and vertical transport model to determine the size distribution of titanium and silicate cloud particles in the atmospheres of hot Jupiters. We predict particle size distributions from first principles for a grid of planets at four representative equatorial longitudes, and investigate how observed cloud properties depend on the atmospheric thermal structure and vertical mixing. The predicted size distributions are frequently bimodal and irregular in shape. There is a negative correlation between the total cloud mass and equilibrium temperature as well as a positive correlation between the total cloud mass and atmospheric mixing. The cloud properties on the east and west limbs show distinct differences that increase with increasing equilibrium temperature. Cloud opacities are roughly constant across a broad wavelength range, with the exception of features in the mid-infrared. Forward-scattering is found to be important across the same wavelength range. Using the fully resolved size distribution of cloud particles as opposed to a mean particle size has a distinct impact on the resultant cloud opacities. The particle size that contributes the most to the cloud opacity depends strongly on the cloud particle size distribution. We predict that it is unlikely that silicate or titanium clouds are responsible for the optical Rayleigh scattering slope seen in many hot Jupiters. We suggest that cloud opacities in emission may serve as sensitive tracers of the thermal state of a planet’s deep interior through the existence or lack of a cold trap in the deep atmosphere.
The Magnetic Binary GJ 65: A Test of Magnetic Diffusivity Effects
Authors: MacDonald James , Mullan D. J. , Dieterich Sergio
Published: June 2018

GJ 65 is an M dwarf binary system consisting of the two flare stars BL Cet (GJ 65A) and UV Cet (GJ 65B). Two teams of investigators have recently reported total magnetic fluxes corresponding to fields of 4.5 and 5.2 kG for GJ 65A and 5.8 and 6.7 kG for GJ 65B: for each component, the magnetic results obtained by the two teams agree with each other to within 1σ. For the first time, we can directly compare the predictions of our magneto-convective models, based on fitting observed stellar parameters, with measured field strengths. We find that our models agree with the observed field strengths, provided the effects of finite conductivity are accounted for. Thus, GJ 65 provides us with an opportunity to use observations of field strengths to distinguish between the predictions of our models that assume perfect electrical conductivity and those that allow for finite conductivity.
Influence of Earth-directed Coronal Mass Ejections on the Sun’s Shadow Observed by the Tibet-III Air Shower Array
Authors: Amenomori M. , Bi X. J. , Chen D. , Chen T. L. , Chen W. Y. , Cui S. W. , Danzengluobu  , Ding L. K. , Feng C. F. , Feng Zhaoyang , Feng Z. Y. , Gou Q. B. , Guo Y. Q. , He H. H. , He Z. T. , Hibino K. , Hotta N. , Hu Haibing , Hu H. B. , Huang J. , Jia H. Y. , Jiang L. , Kajino F. , Kasahara K. , Katayose Y. , Kato C. , Kawata K. , Kozai M. , Labaciren  , Le G. M. , Li A. F. , Li H. J. , Li W. J. , Liu C. , Liu J. S. , Liu M. Y. , Lu H. , Meng X. R. , Miyazaki T. , Munakata K. , Nakajima T. , Nakamura Y. , Nanjo H. , Nishizawa M. , Niwa T. , Ohnishi M. , Ohta I. , Ozawa S. , Qian X. L. , Qu X. B. , Saito T. , Saito T. Y. , Sakata M. , Sako T. K. , Shao J. , Shibata M. , Shiomi A. , Shirai T. , Sugimoto H. , Takita M. , Tan Y. H. , Tateyama N. , Torii S. , Tsuchiya H. , Udo S. , Wang H. , Wu H. R. , Xue L. , Yamamoto Y. , Yamauchi K. , Yang Z. , Yuan A. F. , Zhai L. M. , Zhang H. M. , Zhang J. L. , Zhang X. Y. , Zhang Y. , Zhang Yi , Zhang Ying , Zhaxisangzhu  , Zhou X. X. ,   (The Tibet ASγ Collaboration)
Published: June 2018

We examine the possible influence of Earth-directed coronal mass ejections (ECMEs) on the Sun’s shadow in the 3 TeV cosmic-ray intensity observed by the Tibet-III air shower (AS) array. We confirm a clear solar-cycle variation of the intensity deficit in the Sun’s shadow during ten years between 2000 and 2009. This solar-cycle variation is overall reproduced by our Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of the Sun’s shadow based on the potential field model of the solar magnetic field averaged over each solar rotation period. We find, however, that the magnitude of the observed intensity deficit in the Sun’s shadow is significantly less than that predicted by MC simulations, particularly during the period around solar maximum when a significant number of ECMEs is recorded. The χ
2 tests of the agreement between the observations and the MC simulations show that the difference is larger during the periods when the ECMEs occur, and the difference is reduced if the periods of ECMEs are excluded from the analysis. This suggests the first experimental evidence of the ECMEs affecting the Sun’s shadow observed in the 3 TeV cosmic-ray intensity.
Are Elias 2-27's Spiral Arms Driven by Self-gravity, or by a Companion? A Comparative Spiral Morphology Study
Authors: Forgan Duncan H. , Ilee John D. , Meru Farzana
Published: June 2018

The spiral waves detected in the protostellar disk surrounding Elias 2-27 have been suggested as evidence of the disk being gravitationally unstable. However, previous work has shown that a massive, stable disk undergoing an encounter with a massive companion are also consistent with the observations. We compare the spiral morphology of smoothed particle hydrodynamic simulations modeling both cases. The gravitationally unstable disk produces symmetric, tightly wound spiral arms with constant pitch angle, as predicted by the literature. The companion disk’s arms are asymmetric, with pitch angles that increase with radius. However, these arms are not well-fitted by standard analytic expressions, due to the high disk mass and relatively low companion mass. We note that differences (or indeed similarities) in morphology between pairs of spirals is a crucial discriminant between scenarios for Elias 2-27, and hence future studies must fit spiral arms individually. If Elias 2-27 continues to show symmetric tightly wound spiral arms in future observations, then we posit that it is the first observed example of a gravitationally unstable protostellar disk.
Possibilities and Pitfalls with Establishing a National Data Store for Natural Science Collections
Authors: Daly Brenda , Roberts Reuben
Published: June 2018

The South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) has initiated the development of the National Biodiversity Information System to provide access to integrated South African biodiversity information. The aim of the project is to centrally manage all biodiversity information to support researchers, conservationists, policy and decision-makers in achieving their goals, support planners in making sensible decisions, and help SANBI understand the anthropogenic impact on biodiversity. The project is set to deliver a centralised web-based infrastructure to capture, aggregate, manage, discover, analyse and visualise biodiversity data and associated information through a suite of tools and spatial layers. The infrastructure is a Microsoft technology stack with microservices component architecture (http://microservices.io/patterns/microservices.html), which is vital to building an application out of small collaborating services, stemming from integrating the enterprise system.

SANBI conducted a review of the data holdings of the individual herbaria and museums in South Africa. The intention is to have a federated approach to data management, exposing what is available as a collection but ensuring that each individual natural science collection has full ownership and management control over their data within a defined framework and governed by internationally accepted data policies and standards. The presentation highlights the opportunities and unexpected difficulties with developing a national botanical and zoological collections data management service in South Africa.
Molecular data and species diagnosis in Essigella Del Guercio, 1909 (Sternorrhyncha, Aphididae, Lachninae)
Authors: Théry Thomas , Kanturski Mariusz , Favret Colin
Published: June 2018

Morphological and molecular data are used to describe three new species ofEssigella(Sternorrhyncha: Aphididae: Lachninae):Essigelladomenechisp. n.,Essigellagagnonaesp. n., andEssigellasorensenisp. n.; and to re-establish as validEssigellapatchaeHottes, 1957,stat. n., until now considered a synonym ofE.piniWilson, 1919. The catalogue ofEssigellaspecies is updated. This study highlights the need and utility to use discreet DNA characters in aphid species diagnoses.
Odontonia plurellicola sp. n. and Odontonia bagginsi sp. n., two new ascidian-associated shrimp from Ternate and Tidore, Indonesia, with a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae)
Authors: de Gier Werner , Fransen Charles H.J.M.
Published: June 2018

Two new species of palaemonid shrimp associated with ascidian hosts,Odontoniabagginsisp. n.from Tidore andOdontoniaplurellicolasp. n., from Ternate, Indonesia are described and figured. Through phylogenetic analyses based on both morphological and molecular datasets (mitochondrial Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene and the 16S mitochondrial ribosomal gene) of the genusOdontonia, the phylogenetic positions of the new species have been reconstructed. Scanning Electron Microscopy has been used to observe additional characters on dactyli of the ambulatory pereiopods.Odontoniaplurellicolasp. n.appears to be more closely related toO.simplicipesandO.seychellensis, but it differs most notably in the morphology of the rostrum and mouthparts.Odontoniaplurellicolasp. n.appears to be the onlyOdontoniaspecies living inside a phlebobranch ascidianPlurellasp.Odontoniabagginsisp. n.is closely related toO.sibogae, but differs markedly in the abundance of setae on the propodi of the ambulatory pereiopods. In the present paper,O.maldivensisFransen, 2006 is regarded as a junior synonym ofO.rufopunctataFransen, 2002 based on both morphological and molecular aspects.
Être psychologue et immigrant : les enjeux de la clinique
Authors: Tissières Nathalie , Krymko-Bleton Irène
Published: June 2018

Bien que nombreux au Québec, les psychologues immigrants vivent une réalité professionnelle peu connue. Cet article explore les enjeux cliniques qui leur sont spécifiques. Lors de deux entrevues, quatre psychologues immigrants ont commenté des dessins d’enfants et abordé leur pratique clinique. Les données ont été analysées selon l’approche psychodynamique. Les résultats se déclinent en trois thématiques : le rôle de l’identité culturelle des psychologues dans leurs interprétations des dessins, leur relation avec leurs patients immigrants et l’impact d’expériences de discrimination sur leur identité professionnelle. Leur position d’immigrants leur donne des atouts de taille, mais il y a également un revers à la médaille : des difficultés à faire reconnaître leurs compétences, la discrimination et des conflits identitaires. Ces défis constituent des expériences de vie très précieuses pour la clinique, si les enjeux narcissiques qu’ils soulèvent sont élaborés.
Apport de l’évaluation des compétences langagières dans le travail des psychologues auprès d’enfants de migrants
Authors: Bossuroy Muriel , Touhami Fatima , Simon Amalini , Rakotomalala Laura , Camara Hawa , Bennabi-Bensekhar Malika
Published: June 2018

L’évaluation des compétences langagières apporte des informations précieuses aux psychologues lorsqu’ils rencontrent des enfants qui grandissent au contact de plusieurs langues et de plusieurs cultures. Les enjeux psychiques autour du fait de parler telle ou telle langue peuvent être importants et savoir dans quelle mesure un enfant peut comprendre, produire voire faire des récits dans la ou les langues de ses parents donne une idée des processus de transmission à l’œuvre dans la famille et de l’inscription fantasmatique de l’enfant dans une filiation ou une affiliation avec les locuteurs de la langue en question. Sa capacité à passer d’une langue à l’autre est aussi un indicateur d’une possibilité plus globale à passer d’un monde à l’autre de manière fluide, par exemple de la culture de la maison à celle de l’école. Une passation de test plurilingue permet aussi de recevoir symboliquement l’enfant avec l’ensemble de ses appartenances culturelles. Cette procédure est appliquée à une situation concrète.
La culture comme levier thérapeutique en milieu carcéral néo-calédonien
Authors: Hmana Orane , Guerraoui Zohra , Mouchenik Yoram , Denoux Patrick
Published: June 2018

Cet article se propose d’apporter un éclairage sur la situation des détenus du centre pénitentiaire du Camps-Est à Nouméa en Nouvelle-Calédonie. Ce travail de terrain questionne la place de la culture dans les prises en charge médico-psychologiques des personnes incarcérées. En Nouvelle-Calédonie, où 90 % de la population carcérale appartient à la communauté Kanak, il devient nécessaire de relativiser le recours au regard européo-centré et de mettre en place des dispositifs de soins interculturels dont le sujet-détenu serait l’acteur.
Santé publique et santé mentale
Authors: Bourdillon François
Published: June 2018

Il ne faut pas confondre la santé avec l’absence de maladies. Je vous rappelle la définition qu’a donnée l’OMS de la santé mentale. Il s’agit « d’un état de bien-être dans lequel une personne peut se réaliser, faire face au stress normal de la vie, accomplir un travail productif et contribuer à la vie de sa communauté ».
Ce que s’engager en École de la deuxième chance (E2C) veut dire. Du jeune « en difficultés » au sujet capable
Authors: Loquais Maël
Published: June 2018

Partant du constat que les jeunes en E2C sont le plus souvent appréhendés sous l’angle des approches privatives, la présente contribution interroge ce que s’engager en E2C veut dire au regard des attentes sociales dont ils sont l’objet. Cette recherche s’appuie sur le postulat suivant lequel ces jeunes dits « en difficultés » peuvent être appréhendés comme sujets capables : capables de définir ce qui leur semble juste pour eux-mêmes et pour les autres. À partir d’un travail de thèse réalisé, mobilisant un corpus de quarante entretiens de stagiaires E2C, les résultats soulignent la façon dont les jeunes composent avec les normes liées à leur engagement en formation. Ils apportent un éclairage sur les conditions d’une approche du sujet capable s’appuyant sur la sollicitation de l’activité discursive en situation de formation.
Le passage par les Écoles de la deuxième chance : un pas vers un renforcement des croyances d’efficacité personnelle
Authors: Vallée Stéphanie
Published: June 2018

L’accompagnement spécifique proposé par les équipes E2C favoriserait-il avant toute chose la confiance des jeunes accueillis afin que ces derniers puissent réaliser leur projet professionnel, voire leur projet de vie ? C’est le questionnement initial à l’origine de la recherche que cet article propose de présenter. La mobilisation du cadre théorique sociocognitif, et plus particulièrement, le concept du sentiment d’efficacité personnelle, a inspiré et éclairé notre recueil de données, qualitatif et quantitatif, auprès de jeunes accueillis au sein des Ecoles de la 2 e chance. Apparaît ainsi le caractère opérant du dispositif dans le maintien de la motivation des jeunes présents à l’E2C. Plus généralement, nos résultats tendent à prouver la nécessité de la prise en compte des dispositions de la personne, notamment ses motivations, dans son parcours d’insertion.
Ces jeunes stagiaires de passage dans une École de la deuxième chance, déjà adultes mais pas encore tout à fait adultes
Authors: Boutinet Jean-Pierre
Published: June 2018

Qui sont ces jeunes qui fréquentent les Écoles de la deuxième chance (E2C) ? Quelle est la spécificité des E2C au regard des autres lieux de formation ? Telles sont les deux questions auxquelles tente de répondre le présent papier. À propos de la première question, les jeunes issus d’un parcours scolaire chaotique, sans diplôme ni qualification, candidats à une E2C sont ici resitués dans le cadre des jeunes de leur génération en contexte postmoderne, eux-mêmes occupant une place inédite dans la nouvelle économie des âges de la vie ; issus d’une trajectoire enfantine et adolescente marquée par des déterminants liés à leur milieu d’origine, ils sont destinés à prendre en main leur parcours de vie adulte, un parcours individualisé promis aux aléas d’une société de la mobilité et de la flexibilité. Dans ce contexte, les jeunes candidats à une E2C tentent une deuxième chance après un passé perturbateur pour s’insérer professionnellement. Ils le font à travers le rite initiatique que propose l’E2C, un rite qui donne toute leur place aux temporalités de la transition et de l’alternance dans une perspective de pédagogie interculturelle basée sur une co-construction formateurs-stagiaires.
Le low cost comme stratégie de conception
Authors: Klasing Chen Milena
Published: June 2018

Les produits et services à bas coûts ont gagné en importance dans les dernières années. Malgré cela, la question du «  comment  » une entreprise peut les développer reste peu abordée. Cet article mobilise les théories de la conception pour contribuer à une meilleure compréhension du bas coût comme objectif et proposer des modèles de conception de produits à bas coûts actionnables en industrie. Basé sur 50 produits et deux études de cas industriels, nous proposons un modèle distinguant deux logiques de conception : le bas coût adapté et le bas coût innovant. Nous montrons ainsi que le bas coût ( low cost) peut faire l’objet d’une stratégie de conception spécifique, permettant la régénération de l’espace de conception.
Innovations sociales et création de valeur partagée au sein des entreprises
Authors: Gasmi Nacer
Published: June 2018

Ce travail s’intéresse aux innovations sociales susceptibles de créer de la valeur partagée, c’est-à-dire de rechercher une réussite commerciale capable de générer des bénéfices pour la société. Cette valeur partagée concerne le bien-être des consommateurs à faibles revenus et des populations pauvres. Ces innovations constituent aussi un levier pour réduire les pressions que peuvent exercer les parties prenantes relevant de la sphère socio-politique (autorités de régulation et soft power) si l’entreprise ne réduit pas les externalités négatives produites par ses activités.
Répression des infractions commerciales liées aux prix et niveau des prix des produits alimentaires au Cameroun
Authors: Mpabe Bodjongo Mathieu Juliot , Bikaï Jacques Landry , Nana Djomo Jules Médard
Published: June 2018

L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser l’impact de la répression des infractions commerciales sur le niveau des prix des produits alimentaires au Cameroun pendant la période 2005-2016. Pour atteindre cet objectif, un modèle théorique a été élaboré en s’inspirant de la théorie des anticipations adaptatives. En utilisant les données collectées auprès de l’Institut National de la Statistique (INS), de la Banque Mondiale et du Ministère du Commerce du Cameroun, il apparait que le nombre d’opérateurs économiques sanctionnés pour infractions commerciales liées aux prix croit, tandis que l’indice des prix à la consommation des produits alimentaires diminue. Les résultats économétriques obtenus à l’aide de l’estimation d’un modèle linéaire autorégressif d’ordre 1 révèlent que la répression des infractions de prix et la contraction de la quantité de la masse monétaire favorisent la réduction des prix sur le marché intérieur des produits alimentaires au Cameroun.
Pour une approche renouvelée de l’accompagnement des créateurs et des repreneurs d’entreprise : le coaching entrepreneurial
Authors: Wolff Dominique , Cuénoud Thibault
Published: June 2018

L’accompagnement des porteurs de projets entrepreneuriaux (créateurs ou repreneurs) constitue une nébuleuse complexe regroupant une variété de pratiques. Parmi celles-ci, le tutorat et le mentorat occupent une place particulière et déterminante. Ils permettent en effet de repenser une approche de l’accompagnement sous l’angle du coaching entrepreneurial et, ainsi, de mettre en lumière le rôle des structures d’accompagnement et des services offerts. A partir d’une revue de littérature des principaux registres d’accompagnement, nous verrons que le concept de coaching entrepreneurial constitue un nouvel angle théorique pour rendre compte des pratiques de l’accompagnement entrepreneurial.
PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF REGRESSION TECHNIQUES IN PREDICTING PARKINSON DISEASE SEVERITY SCORE USING SPEECH FEATURES
Authors: Upadhya Savitha S. , Cheeran A. N.
Published: June 2018

This paper gives a performance comparison in terms of Root mean square error (RMSE) of the six regression techniques used to predict the Parkinson disease severity score. People affected by Parkinson disease suffer various muscular impairments like gait, speech etc. The severity of the disease is generally assessed by the clinicians by observing the different muscular functions of the affected people or by performing scans of the brain. This paper focusses on predicting the disease severity using features of speech signal and performing regression on these features. The features used in the prediction are the phonation features extracted from voice samples of both Parkinson disease affected people and healthy people. The 14 phonation features extracted include the frequency variability features jitter and its other variants, the energy variability features shimmer and its other variants, the mean auto correlation of the pitch frequencies, harmonicity features harmonic to noise ratio and noise to harmonic ratio. The six regression techniques used to predict the severity score are the Linear, Stepwise, Lasso, Ridge regression, prediction using Neural network model and Classification and Regression trees (CART). The trained regression model is validated using the [Formula: see text]-fold cross-validation method with [Formula: see text] values three, five, seven and ten and also using the hold out validation model in which the hold out value is taken to be 0.3. The results obtained from the six regression techniques is then compared and it shows that the severity score prediction using Neural network model provides the least RMSE of 1.5 followed by 1.8 using the CART regression technique.
Spirituality and Religion as Cultural Influences in Andragogy
Authors: Duthely Lunthita M. , Nunn Sandra G. , Avella John T.
Published: June 2018

Spirituality and religion are important considerations for the adult learner, because with adulthood comes an increased identification with spirituality. In this chapter, the authors outline key theories and concepts related to spirituality and religion in adult learning, or andragogy. Transformative learning, reflective learning, and whole-person or experiential learning are described within the context of their relatedness to spirituality/religion in andragogy. A separate section on lifelong learning, an extension of adult learning, and multiculturalism, a social realty, are explored. Moving from the theoretical to the practical application of spirituality/religion in andragogy, several examples and worldviews of spirituality/religion outside of the Western, Judeo-Christian perspective are included, as well. Practical considerations are given for learners, instructors, and researchers on secular approaches to cultivating traits and qualities that correspond to an individual's spiritual dimension, feeling of connectedness, and overall wellbeing.
Intersecting Gender and Culture
Authors: Lutomia Anne Namatsi , Wanzala Wycliffe Osundwa
Published: June 2018

Ethnoknowledge is practical information inherently accumulated by humanity and passed on from one generation to the next mostly by word of mouth in time and space. The knowledge is mainly esoteric, localized, and manifests in many different, unique, and useful formats with ethnopractitioners. This chapter demonstrates that the AbaWanga people of Kenya have developed potentially useful ethnomedicine systems based on ethnobotany, with more males than females participating as ethnopractitioners. This gendered divide is shaped and influenced by culture and practices that privilege men in the ethnopractitioner profession. In part, then, this chapter is anchored in feminist pedagogy and andragogy theories. Communities of practice and use of technology are offered as part of the strategies that can democratize and change learning processes amongst ethnopractitioners. Lastly, the chapter offers recommendations, suggests future research possibilities, and provides implications for ethnopractitioner learning.
Knowledge Discovery From Evolving Data Streams
Authors: Kompalli Prasanna Lakshmi
Published: June 2018

Data coming from different sources is referred to as data streams. Data stream mining is an online learning technique where each data point must be processed as the data arrives and discarded as the processing is completed. Progress of technologies has resulted in the monitoring these data streams in real time. Data streams has created many new challenges to the researchers in real time. The main features of this type of data are they are fast flowing, large amounts of data which are continuous and growing in nature, and characteristics of data might change in course of time which is termed as concept drift. This chapter addresses the problems in mining data streams with concept drift. Due to which, isolating the correct literature would be a grueling task for researchers and practitioners. This chapter tries to provide a solution as it would be an amalgamation of all techniques used for data stream mining with concept drift.
Multivariate Analysis
Authors: Yazici Murat
Published: June 2018

Multivariate analysis is based on the statistical principle of multivariate statistics, which includes observation and analysis of statistical output variables in case of more than one output variable at a time. The technique is used to perform trade studies across multiple dimensions while taking into account the effects of all variables on the responses of interest in design and analysis. This chapter includes the theoretical concepts of multivariate analysis including factor and discriminant analyses. It is also gives examples to understand and apply them correctly.
Big Data Analytics in Social Media
Authors: Balakumar Janani , Mohan Vijayarani
Published: June 2018

The rapid development of online social media is the method of collaboratively produced content material presents new possibilities and challenges to both producers and patrons of knowledge. The term big data refers to large-scale information control and evaluation technologies that exceed the functionality of conventional data processing techniques. In the current scenario, social media has gained amazing attention within the last decade. Accessing social media platforms and websites such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn, Instagram, and Google+, web technologies have become more responsible. People are becoming more fascinated about and relying on social media platform for records, news, and opinion of other customers on diverse topics. Hence, these situations produce a large volume of data. The main objective of this chapter is to provide knowledge about big data analytics in social media. A brief overview of big data and social media are discussed. Research challenges in social media are also discussed.
A Brief History of Storytelling
Authors: Yılmaz Recep , Ciğerci Fatih Mehmet
Published: June 2018

The aim of this chapter is to examine the history of storytelling. This brief history includes the concept of storytelling from myths to the digital era. In the first part of the chapter, the origins of storytelling in primitive communities and its development in later periods are examined. In the second part of the chapter, the development process of digital storytelling is explained. According to this, traditional storytelling has gained a new form called digital storytelling which started with a workshop in 1993 by Dana Atchley. One year later, the Center for Digital Storytelling (CDS) was established in Berkley, CA. The Center for Digital Storytelling has organized workshops and partnered with organizations around the world to hold projects on story facilitation, digital storytelling and other forms of digital media production and since 1993, it has helped more than 20,000 people to share their own stories. Though the digital storytelling movement started in North America, it has also spread in Europe, Australia, Asia, Africa and South America. The movement has found a place in the world of today.
Survive in Rating Battles
Authors: İnal Ufuk , Şevik Elif
Published: June 2018

Television has never lost its popularity since the day it entered our life, unlike other mass media. One of the only reasons why television should maintain this feature is that the masses do not give up using it actively. Another thing that should be mentioned together with this is that this vehicle has been able to keep up with the changing media structure. Changing and evolving computer-based information tools and environments force communities to adapt. Media tools along with the communities have also taken their place. In this study, the program named Survivor, which is broadcasted on TV8 channel, will be questioned about the structure created by using transmedative narrative strategies. Supported by two television channels, websites, social media tools, forum sites, and smartphone applications, Survivor will be linked to the audience.
Digital Storytelling as a Self-Regulated Learning Tool
Authors: Kaya Sinan
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this chapter is, as a self-regulated learning tool, to focus on digital storytelling by uncovering relationship between digital storytelling and self-regulated learning process/based on research findings made in the its field. Within this focus, firstly, concept of digital storytelling was theoretically addressed; researches made in learning-teaching for use have been presented; later, self-regulated learning processes and strategies have been defined and given examples. Finally, research findings on the use of digital stories as self-regulated learning tools have been shared.
Digital Storytelling as a Part of Participatory Culture in Communication and Public Relation Practices
Authors: Kuşay Yeliz
Published: June 2018

The digital content that constitutes the main material of the participatory culture put the digital storytelling concept with the creation of digital stories to the agenda. Users exhibit digital narratives as part of participatory culture by combining their imagination skills, editing skills, problem solving skills, creators, ideas they want to tell or share, with the possibilities provided by digital media. In the scope of the study, the elements of digital storytelling, communication, and public relations which are used by different disciplines are emphasized. In the context of these elements, examples of communication and public relations in the world and in Turkey are being interpreted. As a result, the digital storytelling activities that are important in the participatory culture are evaluated in terms of their reflection on communication and public relations practices, contribution to the field, and the aspects that need to be considered.
The Marketer as Storyteller
Authors: Özbölük Tuğba
Published: June 2018

Marketers are trying to find new ways to communicate with their customers and adapt rapidly changing consumer behavior which requires implementing new communication techniques. One of these techniques, brand storytelling is evolving to transmedia storytelling or transmedia marketing in a participatory culture. Despite the continuous interest of researchers in transmedia storytelling, few researchers have studied the concept from a marketing point of view. Therefore, this chapter focuses on the concept in a market-oriented context and offers insights on how to use transmedia storytelling in marketing and suggest some marketing strategies to attract transmedia customers.
A Disaster Management Specific Mobility Model for Flying Ad-Hoc Network
Authors: Mukherjee Amartya , Dey Nilanjan , Kausar Noreen , Ashour Amira S. , Taiar Redha , Hassanien Aboul Ella
Published: June 2018

The extended Mobile Ad-hoc Network architecture is a paramount research domain due to a wide enhancement of smart phone and open source Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology. The novelty of the current work is to design a disaster aware mobility modeling for a Flying Ad-hoc network infrastructure, where the UAV group is considered as nodes of such ecosystem. This can perform a collaborative task of a message relay, where the mobility modeling under a “Post Disaster” is the main subject of interest, which is proposed with a multi-UAV prototype test bed. The impact of various parameters like UAV node attitude, geometric dilution precision of satellite, Global Positioning System visibility, and real life atmospheric upon the mobility model is analyzed. The results are mapped with the realistic disaster situation. A cluster based mobility model using the map oriented navigation of nodes is emulated with the prototype test bed.