bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) pod husk as fillers for bioplastic from Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) seed starch with Ethylene Glycol Plasticizer
Authors: Maulida  , Maysarah Siti , Jose
Published: June 2020

Bioplastic is environmentally friendly plastic designed to facilitate the degradation of enzymatic reactions of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. This research was aimed to obtain the effect of cocoa pod husk addition on mechanical properties of bioplastics included tensile strength, elongation at break, functional group using FT-IR, surface morphology using SEM and biodegradation. Cocoa pod husk is a filler in production of bioplastic research. The production of bioplastic method that used in this research was casting method. Variation of jacfruit seed starch and cocoa pod husk composition ratio were 5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2, and 9:1 (w/w) and variation of ethylene glycol were 0,2; 0,25; 0,3; 0,35; and 0,4 (v/w). The best condition of bioplastic was composition ratio of jackfruit seed starch and cocoa pod husk 7:3 on addition of ethylene glycol was 0,2 (v/w) with tensile strength 15,40 MPa, elongation at break 1,24%. From the result of FT-IR analysis indicated O-H group, C-H group, C=O group and C-O group on bioplastics. The result of mechanical properties were supported by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed the bioplastic with cocoa pod husk as filler and ethylene glycol as plasticizer have the fracture surfaces were compact. From the result of biodegradation test, bioplastics was completely degradated within 14 days in the soil.
Starch based adhesives made from durian seed through dextrinization
Authors: Nuryawan Arif , Ridwansyah  , Mulya Alamsyah Eka , Widyorini Ragil
Published: June 2020

In order to utilize durian seeds waste, production of wood adhesive made from them was carried out. Method of dextrinization was applied and characterizations of the adhesive’s properties were evaluated, namely specific gravity, viscosity, gel time, pH, clarity, color, and microscopic description including the particle’s size of the adhesives. The properties were compared to other starch based adhesives, such as sago and tapioca. For further utilization as wood adhesive, application for particleboard binder was investigated. Parameter of internal bonding of the board then was evaluated. Result of this work showed fundamental properties of dextrin adhesive made of durian seed were similar with sago and tapioca’s dextrin excluding the colour. Values of internal bonding of particleboard were varied that indicated many factors affected the quality of particleboard for instance the distribution of the adhesive.
Silica-filled styrene-butadiene rubber in the existence of palmitamide: vulcanization properties and reinforcement index
Authors: Surya I , Edwin
Published: June 2020

By applying one semi EV vulcanization system; the influences of palmitamide on vulcanization properties and reinforcement index of silica-filled styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) compounds were observed. The palmitamide was lab-prepared from urea and palmitic acid and added into the silica-filled SBRat1, 3, 5 and 7phr. It was revealed that the palmitamide was a curative material which decreased theoptimum cure timebut increased the maximum and change in torques of the silica-filled SBR compounds. The bigger the palmitamide loading, the shorter was the optimum cure time. It was also revealed that palmitamide was an extra plasticizing material which decreased minimum torque. The reinforcement index, tensile moduli and tensile strength were increased up to a 3.0 phr of palmitamide concentration. The enhancement in those properties was due to the enhancement in crosslinks as well as cure state of the compounds of silica-filled SBR.
Design of monitoring and automation systems for greenhouse environment based on IoT
Authors: Heri  , Nasution Rian K. , Guptan Billie C. , Larosa Dody K. O. , Sofhani Destri , Siagian Hendrik , Perangin-angin Despaleri , Dodi Suryanto Eka
Published: June 2020

In this paper, the greenhouse is controlled by a microcontroller module unit. Some sensors installed to detect soil moisture, temperature, and light intensity. The sensor measurement will be sent to the server via a microcontroller and displayed to web pages. It will control a pump, fan, and LED for adjusting the environment in the greenhouse. On the automatic controller, a pump installed for the moisture of soil, fan for temperature and humidity and LED growth if the lighting is lacking. The test from the sensors can run well, if the soil moisture below 40%, a pump will be automatic on. For temperature above 31°C, two fans will on. For light below 50%, LED will on. The system can control fans by dht11 temperature for 90%. The LDR can control LED for 85%. The soil moist can control a pump for 80%. The greenhouse can still run well in maintaining appropriate conditions on the plant. With the advancement of technology, we can control and monitor greenhouses using IoT.
Identification of factors affecting a green industry: a literature review
Authors: Aryani Siregar Sophia , Napitupulu Humala , Ginting Rosnani
Published: June 2020

The definition of the green industry, sustainable industry or other definitions have a diverse definition, so that this term has a comprehensive dimension. The concept of the green industry is not only focused on eco-friendly industrial development, but also in the implementation of integrated, holistic, effective and efficient industrial systems. The development of the green industry concept creates numerous studies, including in the manufacturing world, and it is known as sustainable manufacturing. The International Standard Organization (ISO) as an international institution on standardization also encourages every company to have a balance focused on sustainable growth, environment, and community welfare (sustainable) which is covered by ISO 9000, ISO14000, and ISO 26000. The objective of this research is to expose and clarify the factors that may affect the green industry. Factors affecting the variables can be analyzed to facilitate the implementation of the green industry concept in the industrial world. The stages of this research include several steps, i.e. in the early stages, conduct the collection of regulations, articles, and journals, and then create a resume and classify these factors. The most common factors are waste, energy consumption, and water utilization.
Design of logistics information system in the finished product warehouse with the waterfall method: review literature
Authors: Heriyanti Friska , Ishak Aulia
Published: June 2020

The process of sending and loading finished goods is very important. According to some experts, transportation activities spend 44% of the total cost. Even in Indonesia transportation costs can reach more than 60%. In practice, one way of saving on transportation costs can be done by minimizing the waiting time for loading finished products in the warehouse. The slow delivery of information from the logistics department to the warehouse can cause high load times for finished products. This can lead to delays in product delivery to consumers. The method used in this paper is the Waterfall method. The Waterfall method provides a software flow approach in sequence or sequentially starting from analysis, design, implementation, verification, and maintenance phase.
Iventory policy for multi item products by short expiration period
Authors: Nasution A A , Rizkya I , KSyahpturi  , Mariana RR
Published: June 2020

Inventory planning is an importantpartin the industry. For industries that produces product with short expiration period, such as the food industry, product expiration period is an important factor that cannot be released in determining the inventory model. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the food industry produce the product has a short expiration period of 3 days. Products that have exceeded the expiration period will be returned to the industry and will bear the product expiration costs. The SMEs obtain the expiration costs of IDR 1,518,800 with a total expired product of 600 units. SMEs have not considered multi-item inventory systems. Order policy conducted by single order system. Therefore, efforts should be made to reduce the quantity of expired products, and find out the optimal order quantity and time of ordering goods together (joint order). The optimal order quantity planned with the EOQ method. The result indicate thatoptimalquantity of orders on lapis legit as many as 60 units,30 units of Caramel, 54 units of Sponge cake, 6 units of Brownies and 108 units of Bika Ambon, frequency of delivery 28 times in a month with a total inventory cost of IDR 4,548,044.
Socio-technical analysis of natural rubber plantation in North Sumatera: possibilities for sustaining supply
Authors: Haikal Sitepu Muhammad , McKay Alison
Published: June 2020

Natural rubber is an important commodity for countries in South East Asia region such as Indonesia, Thailand, and Malaysia. Economic in these countries are supported by exporting this commodity. Many citizens of these countries depend their life on income from a natural rubber plantation. Moreover, natural rubber is a key material to produce important products such as tire, health and sports equipment. For this reason, it is necessary to sustain the supply from natural rubber plantation. To sustain the supply, technical aspects such as cultivation techniques, replanting techniques, latex processing techniques and social aspects such as rubber smallholder behavior, supplier behavior need to maintain. This research conducts a socio-technical analysis of natural rubber plantation in North Sumatera. This research has an objective to investigate the ability of natural rubber plantation in North Sumatera to sustain the natural rubber supplies. A combination of socio-technical framework and SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat) is used to analyze the existing condition of natural rubber plantation in North Sumatera. The result indicated that there were social, technical and external factors that reduce the ability to sustain the supply of natural rubber.
Socio technical analysis of palm oil plantation in North Sumatera Indonesia: making sustainable supply
Authors: Haikal Sitepu Muhammad , Rahim Matondang Abdul , Tryana Sembiring Meilita , Nur Lubis Wadiah
Published: June 2020

This paper has an aim to present a socio-technical analysis of palm oil plantation in North Sumatera Indonesia. This analysis is beneficial to support stakeholders in the Indonesian palm oil industry in designing strategic plans for making sustainable supply of palm oil. North Sumatera province has large areas of palm oil plantation and acts as one of important crude palm oil producer for Indonesia. Palm oil industry contributes to the economic and to the life of citizen in this province. To sustain supplies from palm oil plantations, social and technical aspects are necessary to maintain. Social aspects such as the behaviour of palm oil smallholders in cultivating their plantations and technical aspects such as availability of technology to support palm oil cultivation influence the supplies from plantations. Socio-Technical Framework and SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat) were used to analyze the existing condition of palm oil plantation in North Sumatera Indonesia. To get supporting information, interviews with farmers, suppliers, palm oil researchers were conducted. The result indicates that there are several weaknesses and threats reducing the chance to sustain the supplies of palm oil.
ERP system implementation with accounting modules in national amil zakat institutions
Authors: Gantira Mira Intan , Lubis Muharman , Puspitasari Warih , Ridho Lubis Arif
Published: June 2020

Rumah Yatim is an authorized zakat institution in Indonesia with national-level task of collecting and distributing mandatory zakat to the eligible person fairly and evenly. Therefore, there are many issues that prevent zakat optimization such as lack of awareness to pay zakat, inaccessibility of required channel, disrupted of productive program and overlapping funds as the cause of incoordination. This study offers the system design in related to the accounting module to present the compliance and standards in order to convince relevant party and public eyes upon the credibility and reliability of zakat management. It was carried out by developing an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system using the Odoo Quick Start method as the popular mechanism within small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The results of this study are an ERP system designed based on the customized Odoo module that has been aligned with the business processes and function within the institution. It has the purposes to make it easier and quicker for solving problem compare to the previous process in order to create effective and efficient management for the institution to carry out their agenda and activities based on meaningful and resourceful accounting performance.
Spare part supplier selection model using decision tree classification techniques: J48 Algorithm
Authors: Ishak Aulia , Wijaya Tommy
Published: June 2020

Spare parts are goods that consist of several components that form a single unit and have certain functions. To facilitate companies in selecting suppliers, a supplier selection model is needed to make it easier for companies to select suppliers and make it easier to see strategic directions to take several criteria from suppliers to achieve priorities. This research was conducted at a manufacturing company engaged in car spare parts with rubber raw materials. In this study the problems that occur are the difficulty of the company in selecting suppliers based on criteria that are in accordance with the company and the delay in the receipt of raw materials, and the lack of raw materials supplied from each supplier. This study aims to classify suppliers based on desired criteria by the company and to design a supplier selection model in the long term. The J48 algorithm is produced by a supplier selection model with 2 rule selection models to classify efficient suppliers and inefficient suppliers. The accuracy of the Decision Tree model is 90.8547%, the MAE error value is 0.1256. From the J48 algorithm the biggest gain is the criteria for quality, price, delivery, and warranty and complaint services.
Reducing waste with the lean manufacturing approach to improve process cycle efficiency
Authors: Erwin  , Siregar K , Anizar  , Sari R M , Syahputri K
Published: June 2020

In general the main fodder raw materials used in the process is the corn imports. Fodder dependence toward imported raw materials cause increased production costs and ultimately have an impact on the price of animal feed. To maintain the stability of the production costs, industry fodder must be able to maintain and increase efficiency in the production process. The efficiency of the production process can be improved by manage waste. The purpose of this research is to minimize waste that occurs in livestock feed production process and to improve the process cycle efficiency in animal feed products. It can be done with a lean approach. Lean principles can be expressed as a process of continual improvement by eliminate the waste contained in the value stream.Tthe results shows there are activities that are categorized as value added activity, necessary non-value added, and non-value added. Each activity consists of 11 activities for value added activity, 12 events for the necessary non-value added activity, and 3 activities for non-value added activity.The overall total time of 2434.4 minutes though the actual efficiency of 85.4%. The proposed improvements are being made to eliminate non value added activity is to use five Rev. The charts and tables with results in the form of her 5W1H, 3 activity contains the non value added activity. Through these improvements, the retrieved value process cycle efficiency improvement of 87.49% and increased by 2.09%.
Designing new pot design using Ansys steady state thermal to reach 215 ka pot technology
Authors: Gabriel Kristian Tarigan Ardyanta
Published: June 2020

In the present, Inalum has been operating D3-3, D5-1,D5-2 pot design in 196 kA line current and reach 250 ktpy production. Inalum has vision to reach production to 300 ktpy with one of strategy is designing new pot technology to reach 215 kA line current. Some simulation should be carried out before the application test is done using Ansys to observe thermal balance and material balance or with this case using the Steady State Thermal Analysis, Thermal Electric and Magnetohydrodynamic Analysis. Simulation with Steady State Thermal Analysis for new design is doing with some modification with pot lining material, shows new pot design has side ledge temperature higher than existing pot design D5-1. The result is also shown the side wall temperature of new pot design is lower than existing pot design D5-1 with the higher cathode bar temperature in new pot design.
Study of mobile communication performance by applying empirical models as radio communication channels in two bands
Authors: Pinem Maksum , Zulfin Muhammad
Published: June 2020

Handover is a facility needed to maintain the continuity of cellular communication services to users. The handover process is influenced by the signal strength received by the mobile station (MS). The condition of the radio propagation channel and the presence of the barrier will affect the signal strength received by the user. This paper investigates the relationship between the parameters of the Empirical radio propagation model and the parameters of cellular communication performance. From the results of the discussion it was found that there is a strong relationship between the antenna height and frequency parameters with the soft handover performance parameters. By increasing BS height and MS height, the characteristics of both radio link degradation and drop call rates will decrease, but conversely increase the characteristics of active set values. The rate of decline in characteristics of both the degradation of the radio link and the drop call will be greater with a lower working frequency. Conversely with a lower working frequency produces higher active set characteristics.
Prototype of wireless sensor network based on open industrial protocol: modbus
Authors: Tadeus D Y , Yuniarto  , Yuwono T
Published: June 2020

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is generally implemented using multiple sensor nodes located in remote locations or relatively far from the control room and monitoring. WSN conventionally has its own communication protocol architecture that requires a specific interface system in accordance with its application. The software used in WSN interface system development is very varied and requires deep knowledge of programming skills because generally the interface is built from scratch so it will be difficult for quick and wide implementation requirements. This research provides solutions to these problems through a new design that is alternatively different from conventional WSN. The main difference lies in the communication protocol used, namely the open industrial protocol: Modbus. Implementing this protocol on WSN will provide access to industry-standard interfaces to be used as a WSN interface system. The industry standard interface system does not requires any complicated programming skills because it has been provided by ready-to-use graphical components so project implementation can be executed more quickly and easily. The Wifi ESP8266 module is used as a wireless transceiver component on the node sensors embedded with Modbus TCP protocol over TCP/IP network protocol. Interface system is built using Microsoft Visual Studio Community version and AdvancedHMI as an integrated development environment. The prototype was built and tested in an environment temperature monitoring system.
Whatsapp addiction: dominant factors affecting communication
Authors: Naryoso A , Lailiyah N
Published: June 2020

WhatsApp has become the most favorite application in Indonesia. Many features in WhatsApp make users reluctant to switch to another application. Favorite features that make users fond of WhatsApp are voice calls, voice notes, and unlimited groups. While the main factor after analyzing using factor analysis, the dominant influence on dependence on WhatsApp is the relatively inexpensive communication costs and application features that facilitate communication.
Modeling of Ice Slurry Flow through Bend Pipe
Authors: Rawat K.S. , Verma A. , Uniyal A. , Gangwar H.P. , Pratihar A.K.
Published: June 2020

In this work, CFD Eulerian multiphase model with KTGFis used to investigate the flow behaviour of the ice slurry in 90° elbow bend pipe. The present model considered the particle-particle collisions along with particle-wall collisions. In the modeling of ice slurry flow various interfacial forces viz. drag force, lift force and turbulence dispersion force are considered. The solid phase viscosity is calculated as a sum of kinetic and collision viscosity component and the turbulence in the ice slurry flow is modeled by the per phase k-model. Simulation has been performed at velocity of 1 m/s, concentration of 10% and particle size of 0.25 mm for the bend radius ratios (R/r) of 2, 2.98 and 5.6. Apart from that, effect of particle size, velocity and concentration on solid particle distribution has also been investigated. Results show that, secondary flow is generated similar to single phase flow which influences the velocity, particle distribution and pressure drop.
A Short Review on Machining With Ultrasonic MQL Method
Authors: Katna Rahul , Agrawal Narayan , Suhaib M.
Published: June 2020

Cutting fluids are required in huge amount in the modern machining methods. Cutting fluids are needed for providing lubrication as well as cooling the workpiece during machining. Cutting fluids are made of mineral oils and have many drawbacks including many health hazards and environment impact. Various other methods of cutting fluid delivery are being tested in order to reduce the effects of cutting fluids in machining. One such method is minimum quantity lubrication. Many researchers have shown the effectiveness of MQL over the conventional flood method. However the MQL method has drawbacks in terms of heat carrying capacity. In order to increase the effectiveness of the MQL method many advanced methods are being tested for improving the cooling efficiency of the MQL method. One of the methods is ultrasonic method. This method is currently in nascent stages and is being researched upon as a viable alternative to the conventional MQL method. This paper describes this hybrid delivery method in machining.
Antioxidant properties of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized from methanolic leaf extract of Blighia sapida
Authors: Akintola AO , Kehinde BD , Ayoola PB , Adewoyin AG , Adedosu OT , Ajayi JF , Ogunsona SB
Published: June 2020

Synthesis of nanoparticles by biological methods using microorganisms, enzymes or plant extracts has been suggested as possible ecofriendly alternative to chemical and physical methods which involve the use of harmful reducing agents. In the current study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by green approach from methanolic leaf extract ofBlighia sapida. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH radical scavenging assay, determination of total reductive potential, total phenolics content (TPC) and total flavonoids content (TFC) of the synthesized AgNPs. SEM analysis revealed that the size of the synthesized silver nanoparticles ranged from 50-70 nm with maximum UV-vis absorbance at 413 nm. DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of the synthesized AgNPs increased in a dose dependent manner as compared to ascorbic acid the standard reference used. This result confirmed thatBlighia sapidais a potential biomaterial for synthesizing AgNPs which can be exploited for its antioxidant activity.
Preliminary investigation of the surface activation of diposable screen printed carbon electrodes using synthesized gold nanoparticles
Authors: Fowotade S A , Yusof NA , Abdullaha J , Sulaiman Y
Published: June 2020

Gold nanoparticles, GNPs, are known to be the most stable metal nanoparticles. They exhibit many unique and interesting physical and optical properties with profound potentials for diverse applications. However, they are highly delimited in terms of size distribution. Different sizes of gold nanoparticles, synthesized through simple laboratory method, were characterized using zetasizer nano series particle size analyzer and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The synthesized gold nanoparticles were used to modify screen printed carbon electrodes and electrochemical characterization was conducted. The synthesized GNPs sizes range from 42.54-1730.00 nm. The 49.27 nm sized GNPs displayed the highest oxidative peak current in the cyclic voltammogram obtained. All the GNPs modified electrodes gave higher peak over the bare electrode. This implied that the GNP/SPCEs allowed the flow of current or offered least resistance to the flow of current as compared to bare/SPCE. The high peaks indicate successful oxidation process at the anode electrode of the electrochemical process. The present work showcased a simple approach of coating the surface of the disposable SPCEs with GNPs unlike other previously employed pathways. The work also showed that GNPs can successfully be assembled onto the surface of SPCE through simple dipping of the SPCE in the GNPs solution. In addition this approach is cheap, simple and environmentally friendly. The fabricated electrode, GNP/SPCE could be a promising electrode for future detections and determinations.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from leaf extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera and its antimicrobial activity
Authors: Ogunsile B O , Seyinde D O , Salako B A
Published: June 2020

Plants have very high potential as alternative source of bio-reducing and capping agents in nanoparticles (NPs) synthesis. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from Tetrapleura tetraptera leaf extract. The UV-vis spectrophotometer was used to observe the formation of the NPs at various time intervals and ratios of leaf extract to AgNO3 solution. The properties of the AgNPs synthesized were characterized by FTIR and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). Antimicrobial activities of the AgNPs synthesized were evaluated against ten human pathogens using agar well diffusion method. The rate of formation of the AgNPs was shown to increase with respect to time and ratio of leaf extract to AgNO3 solution. The EDX result showed signal energy peak for silver atom at 3.0-3.8 KeV. The AgNPs was characterized with FTIR peaks around 3280, 1620, 1400 and 1040 cm−1 assigned to O-H, C=O, C–O–H and C-C groups respectively, as possible stabilizing and capping groups. The AgNPs showed maximum inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp.
Engaging science diplomacy for nanotechnology development in Africa
Authors: Ezekiel I P
Published: June 2020

The concept of science diplomacy is gaining ground as a global strategy in addressing global concerns such as global peace, insecurity, climate change and environmental impact. This study reduces science diplomacy to an effective means for the strategic development of nanotechnology in Africa. African nations are currently not encouragingly close to the leading nations in nanotechnology, yet there seem to be extant diplomatic relationship with many of these forefront nations. African diplomats are state actors in science diplomacy to propose foreign policies that will meet the domestic demand for science and technology development in Africa, especially for emerging technologies like nanotechnology. The necessity of inclusion of competent scientists with diplomatic skills as members of the diplomatic corps is recommended here as one of the ways to develop nanotechnology in Africa. The scientist diplomats will function to foster international scientific collaborations, drive platforms for national research facility development and for non-state actors to thrive in their domestic nano-research. Scientifically informed foreign policies are presented here to have potentials to significantly assist Africa in developing nanotechnology and provide pathways for overcoming the numerous constraints to nanotechnology development in Africa. Critical areas of intervention include human capacity development, national nano-research laboratory facilities, platforms for institutional collaborations, post-graduate student training and robust exchange programs. These machineries also benefit independent individual researchers by leveraging on the international networks created by science attachés through science diplomacy.
Wind Tunnel Testing Verification Method for Flight Test Pilots Emergency Departure from Commercial Aircraft
Authors: Liu Yang
Published: June 2020

According to airworthiness regulations, the first or previous several commercial aircraft for flight test must be installed with an air emergency departure system to ensure that the members of the pilots safely escape from the aircraft in the event of an irretrievable flight emergency. Large-scale commercial aircraft mostly adopt the lower-single-wing and wing-hanging-engine configuration. Emergency departure channel is generally designed on the side or bottom of the front fuselage, when pilots had to leave the aircraft, who may hit the aircraft components, such as landing gear, engines and wings. Therefore, it must be verified whether the test pilot can safely leave the aircraft from the emergency exit during the aircraft design process. This paper introduces the method about how to verify the safety of test pilots though wind tunnel testing. The key of method is to measure the trajectory of pilot in wind tunnel by simulating conditions of flight and pilot emergency departure. The method illustrated can be used for design and verification of emergency departure system.
Research Progress of Anti-jamming Technology of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) Data Link
Authors: Shichao Guo , Dandan Guo , Qiongyu Zhang , Nankai Wu , Jiaxin Deng
Published: June 2020

An high-speed stealth UAV will be developed by an aviation research institute. Data link is an important part of UAV system. In order to have a deeper understanding of data link system, this paper was made through studying many recent academia papers. The basic composition and working principle of UAV data link system was introduced in this paper, the current UAV data link interference and anti-interference technology was expounded, the key problems faced by the development of UAV data link anti-interference technology were summarized, and the future development trend of UAV data link anti-interference technology was pointed out.
The Investigation of Parameters on the Microstructure of Friction Stir Welded 1060Al/Cu Butt Joint with 10mm Thickness
Authors: Wei Y N , Li H , Sun F , Peng X , Zou J T
Published: June 2020

T2 pure copper and 1060 aluminium alloy 10mm in thickness were joined by friction stir welding. The influence of fixed position and offset on the microstructure and hardness of joints was analysed. A joint having a good surface formation and a defect-free cross section was obtained when the copper was fixed on the advancing side and the offset was 3 mm. Layered structures, composite-like structures and clear copper side and nugget zone interface can be observed at the weld cross section. Under the combined action of heat and force, copper and aluminium inter-diffused and formed layered IMC at the interface. The layered IMC consists of Al2Cu and Al4Cu9 by EDS and TEM analysis. The hardness of the joint first increases and then decreases from Cu side to Al side, and the hardness of the offset of 3mm is the lowest.
Research on Flatness Rapid Measurement Technology of Large Deployable Antenna
Authors: Li Yun , Zhang Jiabo , Han Jianchao , Cai Zihui , Wang Yan , Li Yongliang
Published: June 2020

The flatness of large deployable antenna needs to be measured several times during the deployment test, the theodolite measurement accuracy was low and the speed was slow, and the laser radar measurement range was limited. By building a flatness rapid measurement system for large deployable antenna, using autonomous navigation mobile technology to plan measuring path, and using digital photogrammetry technology to detect the flatness of antenna. It can realize rapid and automatic measurement for flatness of large antenna. The test results show that the accuracy of digital photogrammetry camera and laser tracker is no more than 0.05mm; the measurement accuracy of the flatness rapid measurement system shall not be more than 0.034mm away from the accuracy of laser radar, it can meet the requirements of flatness rapid measurement of large deployable antenna. This method can improve the efficiency and automation level of flatness measurement of large deployable antenna, and it lays a foundation for the plane measurement of large deployable antenna with larger size and more complex structure.
The Interference Analysis of the Terrestrial Components of International Mobile Telecommunications to the Satellite Mobile Communication System in S-band
Authors: Li Ying , Li Yan
Published: June 2020

In accordance with the Radio Regulations, the S-band (Earth-to-Space 1980-2010 MHz, Space-to-Earth 2170-2200 MHz) is currently a shared frequency band both for the mobile service and the mobile-satellite (MSS) service. Both the terrestrial and satellite components of IMT have already been deployed or are being considered for deployment in some countries with the frequency bands 1 980-2 010 MHz and 2 170-2 200 MHz. Both the terrestrial and satellite components of IMT have already been deployed or are being considered for deployment. When Therefore, the potential interference issues between the two systems need to be studied. According to the characteristics of the terrestrial components of IMT and satellite mobile communication system, this paper analyzes the impact of the terrestrial components of IMT on satellite mobile communication system, and gives measures to eliminate interference.
Effect of compression deformation on the distortion energy and semi-solid microstructure of Mg-6Al-0.9Gd alloys
Authors: Wang W X , Liu J , Luo J Z , Qin S Y , Wang X H
Published: June 2020

In order to investigate the effect of distortion energy on the microstructure of magnesium alloys prepared by strain induced melt activation (SIMA) process and partial remelting, Mg-6Al-0.9Gd magnesium alloys were deformed at 200 °C with 0-20% compression ratios, and the relationship between deformation and eutectic melting activation energy was established based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, thereby determining the distortion energy at different compression ratios. The results showed that distortion energy increased with increasing compression ratio, which contributed to the morphological transition from dentrictic to equiaxed structure, and accelerated the formation of liquid phase during subsequent partial remelting. All things (grain size, liquid fraction and distribution in the semi-solid microstructure) considered, the optimal compression ratio for this paper was 20%.
Performance of Modified Nano-SiO2 Composite Phosphating Coating on the Surface of Steel
Authors: Tan Xuxiang , Nan Feng
Published: June 2020

In order to enhance the corrosion resistance and the quality of the phosphating film, nano-SiO2 was used in the phosphating solution.The structure and properties of the phosphating film were evaluated by SEM, electrochemistry, cupric sulfate drop corrosion test and film thickness measurement.The results show that the thickness of the phosphating film increases with the increase of nano-SiO2 content. The nano-SiO2 modified with vinyl triethoxy silane possessed good dispersibility in the phosphating solution, the phosphating solution with the addition of modified nano-SiO2 could greatly improve the corrosion resistance of the phosphating film.
Accurate Scallop Evaluation Method Considering Kinematics of Five-axis Milling Machine for Ball-end Mill
Authors: Hai Tuan Luu , Makhanov Stanislav S
Published: June 2020

A new algorithm to evaluate the scallops left between consecutive tool tracks after five-axis machining of a complex-shaped part surface has been proposed. The algorithm has been developed for the ball-nose cutter. The novelty of the algorithm includes a variable plane to evaluate the effective tool profile and the part surface profile, the orientation of the tool as well as non-linear kinematics of the five-axis machine. The proposed algorithm has been specifically designed for and tested on the industrial Stereo lithography (STL) format representing complex shaped synthetic five-axis parts and a model of a crown of the molar tooth. The procedure has been tested against several modifications of the conventional curvature based method and the sphere intersection method. The ground truth is generated using the solid modeling engine of Vericut 8.2. The algorithm provides a tangible accuracy increase in terms of the average and the maximum error with regard to the reference methods.
Three-dimensional niche stiffness synergizes with Wnt7a to modulate the extent of satellite cell symmetric self-renewal divisions
Authors: Moyle Louise A. , Cheng Richard Y. , Liu Haijiao , Davoudi Sadegh , Ferreira Silvia A. , Nissar Aliyah A. , Sun Yu , Gentleman Eileen , Simmons Craig A. , Gilbert Penney M.
Published: June 2020

The skeletal muscle stem cell niche transiently stiffens during the tissue repair process, which serves to increase planar-oriented divisions and, when combined with WNT7a, induces symmetric cell division to expand the stem cell pool.
Novel cytokinetic ring components drive negative feedback in cortical contractility
Authors: Bell Kathryn Rehain , Werner Michael E. , Doshi Anusha , Cortes Daniel B. , Sattler Adam , Vuong-Brender Thanh , Labouesse Michel , Maddox Amy Shaub
Published: June 2020

Novel cytokinetic ring proteins, the Ste20 family kinase GCK-1 (germinal center kinase-1) and its heterodimeric cofactor CCM-3 (cerebral cavernous malformations-3), close a negative feedback loop involving the RhoA GAP RGA-3/4, RhoA, and its cytoskeletal effector anillin to limit actomyosin contractility in cytokinesis and during polarization of the Caenorhabditis elegans zygote.
Converting networks to predictive logic models from perturbation signalling data with CellNOpt
Authors: Gjerga Enio , Trairatphisan Panuwat , Gabor Attila , Koch Hermann , Chevalier Celine , Ceccarelli Franceco , Dugourd Aurelien , Mitsos Alexander , Saez-Rodriguez Julio
Published: June 2020

The molecular changes induced by perturbations such as drugs and ligands are highly informative of the intracellular wiring. Our capacity to generate large datasets is increasing steadily. A useful way to extract mechanistic insight from the data is by integrating them with a prior knowledge network of signalling to obtain dynamic models. CellNOpt is a collection of Bioconductor R packages for building logic models from perturbation data and prior knowledge of signalling networks. We have recently developed new components and refined the existing ones to keep up with the computational demand of increasingly large datasets, including (i) an efficient integer linear programming, (ii) a probabilistic logic implementation for semi-quantitative datasets, (iii) the integration of a stochastic Boolean simulator, (iv) a tool to identify missing links, (v) systematic post-hoc analyses and (vi) an R-Shiny tool to run CellNOpt interactively.

Availability and implementation

R-package(s): https://github.com/saezlab/cellnopt.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Protecting the Public? An Analysis of Professional Regulation—Comparing Outcomes in Fitness to Practice Proceedings for Social Workers, Nurses and Doctors
Authors: Worsley Aidan , Shorrock Sarah , McLaughlin Kenneth
Published: June 2020

The regulation of professional activity in the Health and Social Care sector in the UK is carried out by a number of statutory bodies that hold legal mandates to manage the risks of professional malpractice. The prime method used to perform this duty, and thereby protect the public, is the construction of a register of the suitability qualified—and creation of appropriate professional standards to establish a benchmark for practice. When registrant’s performance or conduct is felt not to meet these standards, they are placed within a fitness to practice process administered by the regulatory body. This article examines the publicly available data on fitness to practice cases from UK regulatory bodies relating to the professions of social workers, nurses, midwives and doctors. Examining nearly 1,000 cases, the authors run a statistical analysis of the data to establish whether any differences are found amongst and between these professional groupings. We find there are several areas where significant differences arise, namely gender, attendance and representation. Most of these regulatory bodies are, in turn, regulated in the UK by the Professional Standards Authority (PSA), and the article concludes by suggesting ways forward for the PSA in addressing or further examining apparent inequalities. The analysis is placed within a wide range of literature, with an emphasis on the international transferability of the approach to professional regulation.
Genomic differentiation ofDeschampsia antarcticaandD. cespitosa(Poaceae) based on satellite DNA
Authors: González María Laura , Chiapella Jorge , Topalian Juliana , Urdampilleta Juan Domingo
Published: June 2020

Repetitive DNA is a rapidly evolving component of vascular plant genomes, which can account for genomic differentiation in plant lineages. Satellite DNA (satDNA) is tandem repetitive DNA for which array size and disposition on chromosomes may vary between reproductively isolated groups, such as different populations or closely related species. Deschampsia is a cosmopolitan grass genus growing in temperate and cold regions; D. cespitosa is widespread all over the world, whereas D. antarctica is restricted to Antarctica and southern Patagonia. The present work aims to the identification, isolation and comparison of satDNA from the genomes of two Deschampsia spp. with bioinformatics tools and their subsequent analysis and cytological study. The genomic analysis of TAREAN found 34 families of satDNA included on 21 superfamilies, most of them shared between the two species. Some of these satDNAs presented homology with others previously reported for grasses. A few satDNA families were found exclusively in one of the species. Most satDNAs were found in both species and showed high sequence homology, but their distribution on chromosomes was different between species. This highlights the importance of changes in the genomic disposition of satDNA in the evolution of species. Based on the ‘satDNA library hypothesis’ the differential amplification of satDNAs between independent lineages may be the cause of such differences.
Estimating Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Incidence and Mortality Using Capture-recapture, Florida
Authors: Matthias James , du Bernard Sonya , Schillinger Julia A , Hong Jaeyoung , Pearson Victoria , Peterman Thomas A
Published: June 2020

Background

Neonatal herpes simplex virus infection (nHSV) leads to severe morbidity and mortality, but national incidence is uncertain. Florida regulations require that healthcare providers report cases, and clinical laboratories report test results when herpes simplex virus (HSV) is detected. We estimated nHSV incidence using laboratory-confirmed provider-reported cases and electronic laboratory reports (ELR) stored separately from provider-reported cases. Mortality was estimated using provider-reported cases, ELR, and vital statistics death records.

Methods

For 2011–2017, we reviewed: provider-reported cases (infants ≤ 60 days of age with HSV infection confirmed by culture or polymerase chain reaction [PCR]), ELR of HSV-positive culture or PCR results in the same age group, and death certificates containing International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision, codes for herpes infection: P35.2, B00.0-B00.9, and A60.0-A60.9. Provider-reported cases were matched against ELR reports. Death certificates were matched with provider and ELR reports. Chapman’s capture-recapture method was used to estimate nHSV incidence and mortality. Mortality from all 3 sources was estimated using log-linear modeling.

Results

Providers reported 114 nHSV cases, and ELR identified 197 nHSV cases. Forty-six cases were common to both datasets, leaving 265 unique nHSV reports. Chapman’s estimate suggests 483 (95% confidence interval [CI], 383–634) nHSV cases occurred (31.5 infections per 100 000 live births). The nHSV deaths were reported by providers (n = 9), ELR (n = 18), and vital statistics (n = 31), totaling 34 unique reports. Log-linear modeling estimates 35.8 fatal cases occurred (95% CI, 34–40).

Conclusions

Chapman’s estimates using data collected over 7 years in Florida conclude nHSV infections occurred at a rate of 1 per 3000 live births.
Exposing the High Heterogeneity of Circulating Pro B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Fragments in Healthy Individuals and Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Amplatz Benno , Sarg Bettina , Faserl Klaus , Hammerer-Lercher Angelika , Mair Johannes , Lindner Herbert H
Published: June 2020

Background

The high molecular complexity of variably O-glycosylated and degraded pro B-type natriuretic peptide (proBNP) derived molecular forms challenges current immunoassays. Antibodies used show pronounced differences in cross-reactivities with these circulating fragments, which still need to be better characterized on a molecular level. To pave the way for advanced quantitative assays in the future, it is critical to fully understand these circulating forms.

Methods

Plasma samples were collected from 8 heart failure (HF) patients and 2 healthy controls. NT-proBNP and proBNP were purified by immunoprecipitation and analyzed by nano-flow liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Fragments formed during proteolysis in solution digestion were distinguished from naturally occurring peptides by using an 18O stable isotope labeling strategy.

Results

We detected 16 previously unknown circulating fragments of proBNP peptides (9 of which are located in the N-terminal and 7 in the C-terminal region), revealing a more advanced state of degradation than previously known. Two of these fragments are indicative of either unidentified processing modes or a far-reaching C-terminal degradation (or a combination thereof) of the precursor proBNP.

Conclusions

Our results further restrict ideal target epitopes for immunoassay antibodies and expand the current thinking of diversity, degradation, and processing of proBNP, as well as the distribution of circulating forms.