bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resilience and Rebellious Memory Loops: Further Musings of an American Indian Ethnoecologist
Authors: Salmón Enrique
Published: April 2018

In this essay, an indigenous scholar traces his thinking on how best to reveal the layers of knowledge encoded in American Indian thought in terms that can be understood by non-Native peoples. Recently, resilience theory, which seeks to understand the source and role of change, particularly the kinds of change that are transforming, lead to adaptive systems, and are sustainable, seems best suited for this task. Enrique Salmón reflects on the various ecological and sustainable innovations that contemporary American Indian communities are initiating that are helping them to remain resilient as well as the important lessons that others can draw from that can have significant impacts on the practices that can help to mitigate the impacts of anthropogenic climate disruptions, landscapes, and ecosystems. Among human communities, resilience results from periodic episodes when cultural capital has been built up. This cultural capital, the author explains, consists of indigenous people who still speak the language, the storytellers, the ritual singers, the farmers, and the wise elders, but also Native youth working to reorganize and develop new methods and practices based on centuries-old traditions that can be used to revitalize traditional ecological knowledge.
Evaluation of anaesthetic techniques for caesarean
Authors: Banerjee Alaka , Sarkar Dhrubajyoti , Bhadra Banasree
Published: April 2018

Background: The anaesthetic technique to be used in Caesarean section is determined according to factors such as urgency, presence of coexisting health problems, preference of patient and preference and experience of the anaesthetist and surgeon.Methods: This is a retrospective study of all the caesarean deliveries that occurred in the period between 1st Jan 2010 to 31st Dec 2017 in the department of obstetrics and Gynaecology in Silchar Medical College. The anaesthesia techniques used for caesarean sections were evaluated in this study. Anaesthesia methods were recorded as general anaesthesia (GA) and regional anaesthesia (RA), and RA was classified into spinal anaesthesia (SA), epidural anaesthesia (EA) and combined spinal epidural anaesthesia (CSEA) subgroups.Results: During the study period a total of 75685 patients delivered and 25805 patients had undergone caesarean section. The caesarean section rate at the institution comes to be around 34.1%. Among the indications, it was observed that foetal distress (32.8%) was the commonest cause followed by post caesarean pregnancy (26.76%). The majority of the CS (75.6%) were done as an emergency procedure. Regional anaesthesia was the most frequently used method both in emergency (92.87%) and elective caesarean section (84.21%). SA was the commonest used RA (89.2%).Conclusions: In recent years, the rate of regional anaesthesia administration in caesarean section is gradually increasing, and the spinal anaesthesia technique is the mostly preferred regional anaesthesia. There is need to explore the use of the other forms of regional anaesthesia also.
A study to assess prevalence of obesity among government employees of medical college in Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Mahore Rakesh , Tiwari Ranjana , Bansal Manoj , Chouhan Vikrant S. , Sharma Vikash , Tiwari Sakshi
Published: April 2018

Background: Obesity has become a major chronic disorder affecting the larger population more than any other disease in the world. Objective was to determine the prevalence of obesity among the government employees of G.R. Medical College, Gwalior.Methods: The present study has been undertaken among government employees of G.R. Medical College, Gwalior in which all the employees were interviewed by a predesigned, pre-tested and pre-validated structured Questionnaire. Anthropometric data regarding weight and height was taken. The data was collected and analyzed using statistical software and chi square and other statistical tests were applied.Results: The study shows that among total 215 employees. 35 (21.21%) males and 21 (42%) females were found overweight and obese with the criteria of BMI more than 25 kg/m2.Conclusions: It was concluded from the present study that obesity is a chronic illness. Early detection and appropriate intervention could prevent various complications associated with it. BMI plays a crucial role.
Evaluation of smear microscopy and geneXpert for the rapid diagnosis of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in a tertiary care hospital in North India: a descriptive prospective study
Authors: Zahoor Danish , Farhana Anjum , Kanth Farhath , Bha Munazah
Published: April 2018

Background: Tuberculosis is a global health problem associated with high morbidity and mortality. Rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis is essential for early disease management. Conventional methods like microscopy and culture are associated with low sensitivity and longer time to positivity respectively. The GeneXpert is an integrated device for the rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its sensitivity to rifampicin. We evaluated the performance of gene expert MTB/ RIF assay for the diagnosis of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis.Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology. Samples were subjected to smear microscopy by ZN staining, culture on solid (LJ) and liquid media (BacT Alert) and GeneXpert assay.Results: 122 pulmonary samples and 153 extrapulmonary samples collected from 275 patients were included in the study. Out of these, 48 samples were positive by both culture and Xpert assay and 2 samples were culture positive only. Out of 225 culture negative samples, 3 were positive by GeneXpert. The sensitivity for GeneXpert was much higher compared to smear micrscopy (96 Vs 46% respectively). The Xpert assay also detected 3 rifampcin resistant cases.Conclusions: The test appeared to be as sensitive as culture for the detection of tuberculosis in smear positive, smear negative and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. We recommend the use of GeneXpert assay for the early detection of tuberculosis. We conclude that the test is simple and routine staff can perform the test with minimal training.
An evaluation of efficacy of Lichtenstein mesh hernioplasty in emergency settings: a study in tertiary care hospital in Odisha
Authors: Panda Srikanta , Mohapatra Minati , Panigrahi Sudhir Kumar , Sarangi Anshuman , Jena Somanatha
Published: April 2018

Background: Despite the high incidence, the technical aspects of hernia repair continue to evolve making it the most common operations performed by general surgeons. Lichtenstein mesh hernioplasty repairs all hernias without distortion of the normal anatomy and with no suture line tension. This study was performed to evaluate the outcomes of Lichtenstein mesh herinioplasty in emergency inguinal hernia patients.Methods: A 84 patients were operated for complicated (obstructed irreducible) inguinal hernia. A follow-up period of 6 months using the Quantitative and Qualitative Measurement Instrument for evaluation of Lichtenstein hernioplasty outcomes was completed for 44 emergency patients.Results: The age incidence of the hernia patients in the study group was 40% (25-35 years) followed by 24% (15-25 years). The anatomical position of the hernia in the study group was to the right having a dominant percentage of 72% followed by left (24%) with none in bilateral. Early postoperative complications in mesh repair (Lichtenstein hernioplasty) comprising of factors like wound infection (10%), hematoma (5%), seroma (10%) was significantly lower compared to tissue repair with wound infection (20%), hematoma (5%) and seroma (25%). Further mesh rejection in Lichtenstein hernioplasty was 0% for the study population. Similarly, late postoperative complications in Lichtenstein hernioplasty comprising of factors like wound dehiscence (4%), neuralgia (27%) was significantly lower compared to tissue repair with wound dehiscence (27%), neuralgia (41%).Conclusions: The study revealed that the use of polypropylene prosthesis in the emergency setting (obstructed hernia) is safe and outcomes are satisfactory.
Rare defect at superior helix as morphological variation of right auricle
Authors: Parwanto Mauritius Lambertus Edy
Published: April 2018

Auricle is the part of external ear. Morphological appearance and biometric of auricle are influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Base on the fact that morphological appearance and biometric of auricle vary in different human ethnic races. Normal of auricle have complete component with normal of dimension and appearance. Population studies show the different of morphological and biometric of auricle. Generally, the right and left auricles in the individual is symmetrical in both size and appearance. We reported about defect at superior helix of right auricle. In this case it shows that right and left auricles have complete components. The biometric comparison of right and left auricles showed equal or not significant different. Defect of right auricle at superior helix were indentation as morphological variation.
A rare association of Kimura’s disease with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis
Authors: S. Laxma Reddy , K. Bhaskar , K. Vara Prasad , G. K. Paramjyothi
Published: April 2018

Kimura’s disease is a rare chronic benign inflammatory condition characterised by nodules of skin and soft tissue and lymphnodes. Eosinophilic infiltration is a prominent finding. It has been reported in association with various conditions like nephrotic syndrome, bronchial asthma, ulcerative colitis and aortitis syndrome. Hereby we present a case in medical literature to the best of our knowledge in Kimura’s disease in association with chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis, which has never been reported. He was treated with antifungals, after which he responded clinically, eosinophilia has subsided and he is under regular follow up. Now This case report suggest possible role of chronic aspergillosis as a cause for Kimura’s disease.
Continuation of perforating branch of fibular artery as dorsalis pedis artery
Authors: Baxla Monica , Nath Matangeshwar
Published: April 2018

For the effective management of vascular surgeries such as arterial cannulation, bypass surgery, percutaneous trans arterial catheterization etc. needs a sound knowledge of the vessels of the lower extremity, their branching pattern, course followed by them and their diameter. The knowledge of arterial variation is a must before a surgeon deals with the concerned area. We are reporting a case in which the perforating branch of fibular artery passes through the gap in the interosseous membrane and continues as the dorsalis pedis artery. Normally anterior tibial artery, a branch of popliteal artery is the main artery of the extensor compartment of the lower limb which continues on the dorsum of foot as dorsalis pedis artery but in this case, it became hypoplastic and disappeared below, proximal to the ankle joint.
Autologous bone marrow derived stem cells in the treatment of complex anal fistula
Authors: Raslan Mohamed M. , Ayoub Mahmoud A.
Published: April 2018

Background: Treatment of anal fistula shows a great conflict between preservation of continence and eradication of sepsis. Stem cells extracted from bone marrow are able to home to inflamed tissues and repair injured ones. The aim of this study is to present the early results of injection of stem cells to tracts of complex recurrent fistulae. The primary outcome of the study is the healing of the complex fistula secondary outcomes include safety profile of the procedure.Methods: 15 patients having complex anal fistulae. To prepare stem cells, bone marrow aspiration was performed under complete aseptic conditions. After several steps for isolation, viability testing and preparation, stem cells were suspended in sterile saline for injection in the patients. The internal opening was identified and closed then curettage of the tract with injection of cell suspension simultaneous with fibrin glue followed by injection of stem cell suspension around the tract and external opening finally it was closed. The first evaluation was performed after 8 weeks, a final evaluation after one year.Results: Categorized into three groups (a) complete healing 8 patients (53.3%). (b) Incomplete healing 4 patients (26.7%) (c) Recurrence 3 patients (20%) No incontinence, abnormal tissue growth or major adverse effects were reported.Conclusions: Use of autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells in anal fistula treatment is a recent modality with variable rates of success. Despite the rate of failure or incomplete healing but it still provides a solution to avoid continence impairment. It needs better evaluation with larger sample size, with long-term follow up. literatures.
Functional and radiological outcome of comminuted shaft of humerus fracture treated by dynamic compression plate
Authors: Raja K. V. Bharathi , Ram Ganesh G.
Published: April 2018

Background: Humeral shaft fractures represents between 3% and 5% of all fractures of which a certain number of patients require surgical intervention. This study aims to determine the efficacy of dynamic compression plate in the treatment of humeral shaft fractures.

Methods: A prospective study was carried out over a period of 2 years in Sri Ramachandra Medical College, Chennai including 30 cases of shaft of humerus fractures treated by open reduction and internal fixation using Dynamic Compression plate among which both comminuted and segmental closed shaft of humerus fractures were included. While open fractures and ipsilateral forearm and clavicle fractures were excluded. AO classification was used to classify the fractures and the average follow up period was two years. The American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) shoulder score and Romen al series grading were used.

Results: We had 93.3% excellent/good result and 6.7% poor results. In our series we had one non-union, one delayed union and one case of deep infection.

Conclusions: Proper preoperative planning, minimal soft tissue dissection, strict asepsis, proper postoperative rehabilitation and patient education were essential to obtain excellent results. Early post-operative mobilization following rigid fixation of the fracture of humerus, with DCP lowered the incidence of stiffness and sudecks dystrophy.
A study on spectrum of periorbital dermatoses in a tertiary centre
Authors: Nalini Peela , Manickam Navakumar , Gopalan Kannan , Muthusamy K.
Published: April 2018

Background: To study the spectrum of periorbital dermatoses in patients of both genders irrespective of age and identify any underlying etiology.

Methods: A clinico-epidemiological study of periorbital dermatoses was done in all patients with skin lesions in and around the both eyes who visited our outpatient department. Digital photographs will be taken for all the patients with periorbital dermatosis. Data obtained was compiled, tabulated, and statistically summarized using SPSS version 16.

Results: Among 110 patients, majority of patients with periorbital dermatoses, were in the age group of >50 years (40%) including 77 (70%) females and 33 (30%) males. The most common dermatoses observed in periorbital region were benign and malignant skin tumors 46 (41.8%), followed by pigmentary disorders 21 (19.1%), miscellaneous 19 (17.3%), nevoid conditions 12 (10.9%), eczema 6 (5.5%), and infections 6 (5.5%).

Conclusions: Benign skin tumors and pigmentary disorders are the most common periorbital dermatoses seen in our study. Certain periorbital dermatoses like skin tag and xanthelesma are seen associated with underlying metabolic disorders. 
Prevalence and patterns of self-medication for skin diseases among medical undergraduate students
Authors: Pandya Purna , Pandya Ishan
Published: April 2018

Background: Medical students are more prone to self-medication because of background knowledge and easy availability of medication. Dermatological disorders are affecting quality of life in adolescent and can motivate self-medication behaviour. The objective of the study was to study the prevalence and patterns of self-medication for skin conditions in among medical students.

Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire based study was carried out in medical students in western India. A self-administered questionnaire included information on socio-demographic details, general aspects of self-medication behaviour like used for which disease, drugs used, source of knowledge, reason for use etc. and analyzed.

Results: Self-medication was prevalent in 90.09% participants for skin conditions. Mean age of participants was 20.35±1.23 years with male predominance. Most common skin conditions/symptoms for self-medication were acne (82.46%), sun tan (52.11%) followed by superficial fungal infections while common hair conditions were hair fall (80.10%) and dandruff (57.07%). The most commonly used drugs for self-medication were topical antifungal drugs (96.07%), sunscreen lotions (91.10%) and topical antimicrobials (80.10%). Most common source of information for self-medication was medical staff and seniors (92.67%) followed by internet (81.15%). Most common reasons for favoring self-medication were perceived the illness as minor/non-serious (62.83%) and time constraint (26.70%). 3.14% participants reported to have some adverse events with the drugs used by self-medication.

Conclusions: Prevalence of self-medication for dermatological disorders was alarming high. Self-medication practices are highest for acne, superficial fungal infections, hair fall and dandruff. Proper training of medical undergraduates in diagnosis and treatment of dermatological problems with special emphasis on drug usage aspects are needed.
A cross sectional study of self-medication for acne among undergraduate medical students
Authors: Raikar Dayanand R. , Manthale Nagendra S.
Published: April 2018

Background: Acne is one of the most common inflammatory chronic skin diseases that affect teenagers and continues into adulthood. Self-medication is common among medical students. Hence this present study was undertaken to study the knowledge, attitude and practice of self-medication for acne among medical students.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included medical students of the second phase and final phase (Part I and Part II). A pretested questionnaire was given to them which included questions on knowledge, attitude and practice about self-medication for acne.

Results: Self-medication for acne was seen in 240 (77.4%) students out of 310 students. Mild nature of illness was the most common reason for self-medication for acne followed by privacy. Most common source of information was seniors/friends/family members. Most of the students felt that self-medication is part of self-care (48%). Clindamycin was the most common drug self-medicated for acne.

Conclusions: Self-medication for acne is quite high among medical students. Self-medication is part of self-care so it should be encouraged for minor illness. But should be based on thorough knowledge and restricted to over the counter drugs.
Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis: case report of a diagnostic challenge
Authors: Belgaumkar Vasudha A. , Chavan Ravindranath B. , Suryataley Prernaa R. , Salunke Aarti S. , Patil Pallavi P. , Borade Sandhya M.
Published: April 2018

Cutaneous tuberculosis occurs by either exogenous inoculation in a previously sensitized or non-immune host or endogenous spread from an internal focus by contiguous, hematogenous or lymphatic route. Inoculation occurs at sites of minor wounds or abrasions, sometimes from the patient’s own sputum. Cutaneous tuberculosis includes lupus vulgaris and tuberculosis verrucosa cutis (TVC) at one end and scrofuloderma and tuberculosis cutis orificialis at the other end with decrease in cell-mediated immunity across the spectrum. Of various cutaneous forms, we report a case of tuberculosis verrucosa cutis in a 14 year old girl who presented with a hyperpigmented verrucous plaque over foot since three years. Histopathological characteristics, GeneXpert and response to antitubercular therapy confirmed the diagnosis.

 
Analise da viabilidade econômica de policultivo orgânico
Authors: Alves Luiz Emílio Vicentin , Araújo Neto Sebastião Elviro , Negreiros Jacson Rondinelli Da Silva , Andrade Neto Romeu De Carvalho , Siviero Amauri
Published: April 2018

O policultivo garante alimentos para a agricultura familiar, contribui para a sustentabilidade no campo, aumenta a produtividade por unidade de área e reduz os riscos naturais da agricultura. Nesse contexto, o objetivo no presente estudo foi avaliar o custo de produção e a rentabilidade de um sistema de policultivo compreendendo maracujá, milho, abacaxi e mandioca em associação com as plantas de cobertura. Esta pesquisa foi realizada no Sítio Ecológico Seridó, no Município de Rio Branco, Acre, no período de 2009 a 2011, em delineamento de blocos completos casualizados em esquema de parcela subdividida com três repetições. As parcelas forma compostas por espaldeiras espaçadas 3 ou 4 m de distância. As parcelas foram divididas em subparcelas cobertas com os adubos verdes feijão-de-porco, crotalária, kudzu tropical, amendoim forrageiro ou plantas espontâneas (tratamentos) e o milho, o abacaxi e a mandioca foram plantados entre as espaldeiras. Não houve efeito das plantas de cobertura entre as espalderias distanciadas por 3 m (P<0,05), que aumentou a produtividade e o custo de produção proporcionando menor relação benefício custo. O policultivo orgânico de maracujazeiro com abacaxizeiro, milho e mandioca entre espalderias de 4 m, com o solo coberto por feijão de porco aumentou a receita total e líquida, a relação benefício custo e a eficiência econômica.
Efeito da temperatura sobre a germinação e crescimento inicial de sementes de Capsicum frutescens (L.)
Authors: Teixeira Sheila Bigolin , Cocco Kassia Luiza Teixeira , Celente Angelita Martins , Delias Dominique Dos Santos , Reolon Fernanda , Moraes Dario Munt de
Published: April 2018

A oscilação de temperatura, provocada pelas mudanças climáticas, vem afetando a agricultura em diversos pontos de áreas agricultáveis, com isso, há a necessidade da realização de estudos quanto à adaptabilidade das culturas a uma ampla faixa de temperatura. Desta forma, o objetivo do estudo foi verificar a eficiência da germinação e estabelecimento inicial de plântulas de pimenta malagueta submetidas a temperaturas sub e supra ótimas. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial constituído por uma espécie e três temperaturas (15 °C, 25 °C e 35 °C). As sementes foram submetidas aos testes de germinação, sob fotoperíodo de 12 horas durante 14 dias, juntamente com primeira contagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, comprimento de plântulas, massa seca total, condutividade elétrica, atividade respiratória e curva de embebição sob as temperaturas de 15, 25 e 35 °C. A temperatura de 25 °C apresentou superioridade aos demais tratamentos em todas as variáveis testadas. Nas temperaturas de 15 e 35 ºC, a germinação foi completamente inibida. Testes como os executados no presente estudo são eficientes para a determinação da viabilidade das sementes em diferentes faixas de temperatura.
Qualidade fisiológica de sementes e crescimento inicial de mudas de Handroanthus impetiginosus sob diferentes sombreamentos e substratos
Authors: Chaves Pâmela Miranda da Silva , Silva Jhonata Ribeiro da , Braga Mariana De Oliveira , Marques Niandro De Souza , Freitas Alessandra Doce Dias de
Published: April 2018

A espécie Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos conhecida vulgarmente como ipê-roxo, pertencente à família Bignoniaceae, e pode ser utilizada na recuperação de áreas degradadas, paisagismo ou em áreas de preservação permanente, entretanto as informações sobre essa espécie ainda são poucas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a fisiologia das sementes através do teste de embebição e a germinação de ipê-roxo em diferentes substratos e níveis de restrição luminosa. Para o teste de embebição as sementes foram imersas em água destilada e colocadas em duas temperaturas (25 e 30 ºC) na proporção de 100 sementes para cada 200 ml de água destilada. As avaliações foram realizadas em 2, 4, 16, 24 e 48h. No teste de restrição luminosa os tratamentos consistiram na combinação de três substratos: Solo, Areia + Fibra de Coco, Areia + Esterco de Cabra e três condições de luminosidade: 0%, 50% e 80%. Durante 75 dias foram avaliadas as variáveis: altura, diâmetro do colo e número de folhas. Foi possível observar que não houve diferença significativa entre as temperaturas para o teste de embebição e que após 48h a embebição se estabilizou para as duas temperaturas. No teste de restrição luminosa, foi possível concluir que as taxas de crescimento das mudas foram influenciadas pelos substratos e pelas condições de luminosidade, e que o substrato S3 = areia + esterco, em 50% de sombreamento possibilitou os melhores resultados.
Clinical, biochemical and genetic risk factors for 30-day and 5-year mortality in 518 adult patients subjected to cardiopulmonary bypass during cardiac surgery - the INFLACOR study.
Authors: Kowalik Maciej Michał , Lango Romuald , Siondalski Piotr , Chmara Magdalena , Brzeziński Maciej , Lewandowski Krzysztof , Jagielak Dariusz , Klapkowski Andrzej , Rogowski Jan
Published: April 2018

There is increasing evidence that genetic variability influence patients’ early morbidity after cardiac surgery performed using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The use of mortality as an outcome measure in cardiac surgical genetic association studies is rare. We publish the 30-day and 5-year survival analyses with focus on pre-, intra-, postoperative variables, biochemical parameters, and genetic variants in the INFLACOR (INFlAmmation in Cardiac OpeRations) cohort.In a series of prospectively recruited 518 adult Polish Caucasians who underwent cardiac surgery in which CPB was used, the clinical data, biochemical parameters, IL-6, soluble ICAM-1, TNFa, soluble E-selectin, and 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms were evaluated for their associations with 30-day and 5-year mortality.The 30-day mortality was associated with: pre-operative prothrombin international normalized ratio, intra-operative blood lactate, postoperative serum creatine phosphokinase, and acute kidney injury requiring renal replacement therapy (AKI-RRT) in logistic regression. Factors that determined the 5-year survival included: pre-operative NYHA class, history of peripheral artery disease and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, intra-operative blood transfusion; and postoperative peripheral hypothermia, myocardial infarction, infection, and AKI-RRT in Cox regression. The serum levels of IL-6 and ICAM-1 measured three hours after operation were associated with 30-day and 5-year mortality, respectively. The ICAM1 rs5498 was associated with 30-day and 5-year survival with borderline significance.Different risk factors determined the early (30-day) and late (5-year) survival after adult cardiac surgery in which cardiopulmonary bypass was used. Future genetic association studies in cardiac surgical patients should adjust for the identified chronic and acute postoperative risk factors.
Üniversite Gençliğinin Kimlik ve Siyaset Algısı: Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: AK Muammer
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmada üniversitede okuyan

öğrencilerin kimlik ve siyaset algıları ölçülmüştür. Araştırmaya katılanların

%54,2’si kadın, %45,8’i erkektir. Araştırma kapsamında Gümüşhane

Üniversitesi’nde farklı bölüm ve sınıflarda okuyan öğrenciler arasından basit

tesadüfü örneklem yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenen 233 öğrenciye anket

uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın saha çalışması Aralık 2017’de yapılmıştır.

Araştırma tarama modeline uygun şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı,

üniversite öğrencilerinin kimlik ve siyaset algılarını tespit etmektir. Bu

bağlamda araştırma, üniversite öğrencilerinin kimlik ve siyaset algıları

nasıldır?, siyasete katılım düzeyleri nedir?, siyasi-dini-ideolojik olarak ve

modern-geleneksel düzlemde hangi kimlikleri kendisine uygun görüyorlar?,

vatandaşlığı nasıl tanımlıyorlar? gibi soruların cevaplarını aramaktadır.

Araştırmanın sonuçlarından bazıları şöyledir: Katılımcıların çok yüksek bir

oranı (%88,5), modern-gelenek düzleminde, kendilerini biraz modern biraz

geleneksel olarak görmektedir. Katılımcıların önemsedikleri ve önceledikleri üç

toplumsal aidiyetin/kimliğin Müslüman gibi dini, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti vatandaşı

gibi siyasi ve Türk gibi etnik/siyasi aidiyetler olduğu görülmektedir.

Araştırmanın bir başka sonucu ise, katılımcıların siyasal katılımlarının daha

çok seçimlerde oy verme şeklinde olduğudur. Ayrıca, katılımcıların sivil toplum

örgütlerine katılım düzeyi çok düşüktür. Yine katılımcılara göre, Türkiye

Cumhuriyeti vatandaşı olmak için, hukuki statü yeterlidir; ancak bir kişinin Türkiye’nin

Cumhurbaşkanı olması için ise Müslüman olması gerekmektedir. Araştırma

sonuçlarına göre, Türkiye’nin en önemli sorunları arasında öne çıkan ilk üç

sorun sırasıyla; terör, adaletsizlik ve eğitim olduğu görülmektedir.
Çağdaş Demokrasinin Açmazları Üzerine Platoncu Yaklaşımlar
Authors: BOYACI Nihal Petek
Published: April 2018

Platon,
yüzyıllar öncesinde yaşamış olmasına rağmen politika ile ilgili fikirleri
güncel politik problemler açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Onun kendi
yaşadığı dönemde demokrasinin işleyişine ilişkin yapmış olduğu tespitler,
çağdaş demokrasi uygulamalarının problemlerini belirlerken hâlâ geçerliliğini
korumaktadır. Bu makalede Platon’un demokrasiye getirmiş olduğu eleştiriler
ışığında çağdaş demokrasinin uygulamalarının problemleri ele alınacak ve daha
sonra bu problemlere çağdaş Platoncu yorumcuların ne türden bir çözüm
sundukları ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır.
Affordances indutoras de inovação no jornalismo móvel de revistas para tablets
Authors: Fonseca Adalton dos Anjos , Barbosa Suzana Oliveira
Published: April 2018

Este artigo examina a inovação no jornalismo móvel a partir do conceito de affordance aplicado no estudo de revistas para tablets em três momentos definidos, entre 2010 e 2016. Criou-se uma ferramenta metodológica de análise com o objetivo de explorar os quatro conjuntos de affordances identificados: operação, coleção, compartilhamento e multimidialidade. A partir destes grupos, pontuou-se a emersão de affordances inovadoras possibilitadas pelos recursos e funcionalidades dos tablets e que também permitem interações inéditas ou renovadas na relação entre usuários e revistas. Entre elas estão: ouvir, assistir, jogar, pesquisar, armazenar. A comparação entre as revistas analisadas que mais se destacaram pela inovação também revelou uma tendência de estabilização de um formato para exploração dos recursos e funcionalidades do tablet, apesar de reconhecermos que há possibilidades ainda não exploradas pelos produtos que têm o potencial de induzir mais inovações.
MİHALİCÎ MUSTAFA EFENDİ’NİN ZÜBDETÜ’L-BEYÂN İSİMLİ BELÂGAT KİTABI (TAHLİL-METİN)
Authors: UYAN Ömer
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmada Mihalicî Mustafa Efendi’nin
Zübdetü’l-Beyân isimli eseri ele alınmıştır. Zübdetü’l-Beyân’ın ilk baskısı
1297/1880’de İstanbul’da Mihran matbaasında ve ikinci baskısı 1325/1909’da
Mahmud Beg matbaasında yapılmıştır. Eserde, Meânî, Beyân ve Bedî ilimlerinden
oluşan Belâgat’in Beyân şubesi anlatılmıştır. Ahmet Cevdet Paşa’nın Belâgat-ı
Osmâniyyesi’nden bir yıl önce basılan Zübdetü’l-Beyân, Türkçe’de Belâgat’ın tek
şubesini bütün yönleriyle ele alan tek kitaptır. Eserde Beyân’ın konularından
teşbîh, istiâre, mecâz-ı mürsel, kinâye, tarîz vb. konular hemen hemen bütün
alt başlıkları ve teferruatıyla ele alınır. Bu yönüyle Türkçe’de Belâgat’in bir
şubesini bir bütün olarak konu edinen, sistemli ilk ve tek Belâgat kitabıdır.
Zübdetü’l-Beyân, Tanzimat döneminde öne çıkan dil farkındalığının bir yansıması
olarak görülebilir. Bu düşünceye göre Türkçe ayrı bir dil olduğu gibi ayrı bir
grameri ve retoriği de olmalıydı. Eskiyi reddedenler ve Batı’yı örnek alanlar
ya da eskiyi olduğu gibi devam ettirmek isteyenler arasında Mihalicî Mustafa
Efendi, eskiyi farklı bir şekilde sürdürmeye devam etmiştir. Zübdetü’l-Beyân’da
örnekler Türkçeleşmiş, buna karşılık tasnifler ve terimler konusunda yıllarca
Osmanlı medreselerinde okutulan Arapça Belâgat kitaplarının etkisinde
kalınmıştır. Zübdetü’l-Beyân bu haliyle yine de Recâîzâde’nin Talîm-i
Edebiyatındaki veya Ahmed Reşîd Rey’in Nazariyyât-ı Edebiyyesindeki farklı ve
daha özgün tasnif ve açıklamalarına giden yolda bir merhale olmuştur. Çalışma
inceleme ve metin olmak üzere iki ana çerçeveden oluşmaktadır. İnceleme
kısmında Zübdetü’l-Beyân’ın Türkçe Belâgat kitapları içerisindeki yeri,
muhtevası, metodu açıklanmış ve metin kısmında eser, çeviriyazım sistemiyle
günümüz alfabesine aktarılarılmıştır.
DİVAN ŞİİRİNDE GÜREŞ VE PEHLİVANLIK
Authors: Yüksel Yahya
Published: April 2018

İslamiyet öncesi
dönemden bu yana Türklerin yaşantısında sporun önemli bir yeri olmuştur. Orta
Asya coğrafyasının zorlu yaşam koşulları, kişilerin beden olarak güçlü
olmalarını gerektirmiş; ayrıca yapılan savaşlarda düşmanla daha iyi mücadele
edebilme düşüncesi, özelde bireylerin genelde ise savaşacak askeri birliklerin
bu ihtiyaçlarını pekiştirmiş ve arttırmıştır. Gerek İslamiyet’ten önce gerekse
İslamiyet’ten sonra kurulan tüm Türk devletlerinde olduğu gibi Osmanlı’da da
binicilik, okçuluk ve avcılık sporlarıyla birlikte “güreşe” özel bir ilgi
gösterilmiştir. Sosyal hayatta kendine önemli bir yer edinen ve kültürel
öğelerin ayrılmaz bir parçası olan güreş, yaşadığı devrin sosyal ve kültürel
unsurlarını şiirine yansıtan Klasik Türk şairleri için de kayda değer bir
malzeme olmuştur.

Bu çalışmada,
güreşin tarihi gelişimi hakkında kısaca bilgi verilecek olsa da, daha çok;
şairlerin gözlemleri, bilgileri ve tecrübeleri neticesinde güreşle ilgili
unsurların ve bu sporla uğraşan pehlivanın Klasik Türk şiirinde ne şekilde
işlendiği ele alınacaktır.
TURGUT UYAR’IN ŞİİRLERİNDE “BEN VE ÖTEKİ”NİN GÖRÜNTÜ DÜZEYLERİ
Authors: Topdaş Çelik Fatma
Published: April 2018

Durum, değer ve eylemlerden varoluşsal anlamda sorumlu olan insanın, içinde bulunduğu zaman ve mekânda kendi varoluşunu yaratıp devam ettirmesi, “ben” ve “öteki”ne ait değerleri algılayıp kurmayı gerektirir. Kendi varlığına dalan insanın kendini tanıma sürecinde yaşamı ile ilgili durum, değer ve eylemleri mimetik olarak kurduğu bir düzleme yansıtması ise sanatı doğurur. Bu yansıtma eylemi ile kendini yeniden görme ve bilme olanağı bulan insan, kendi değerlerini kendi biçim ve içerik alanında oluşturduğu ben/ülkü ve karşıt/öteki değerler ikilemiyle dile getirir.
Religião no ensino e na pesquisa em Relações Internacionais do Brasil
Authors: Ferreira Marcos Alan S. V. , Carletti Anna C.
Published: April 2018

This article aims to analyze the state of the art of the study of the religious factor and its actors in the field of teaching and research in International Relations of Brazil. After a historical and political contextualization of the religion in international and national scope, will be examined the teaching and research on the subject in the Brazilian International Relations, as well the challenges to consolidate the issue.
Moderate the MAOA-L Allele Expression with CRISPR/Cas9 System
Authors: Nelwan Martin L.
Published: April 2018

Antisocial behavior is a behavior disorder inherited according to the inheritance of X-linked chromosome. Mutations in the MAOA gene can cause different behaviors in humans. These can comprise violent behavior or antisocial behavior. Low MAOA (MAOA-L) allele activity can cause antisocial behavior in both healthy and unhealthy people. Antisocial from healthy males can originate from maltreatment during childhood. There are no drugs for the treatment of antisocial behavior permanently at this time. MAOA inhibitor can reverse antisocial behavior in animal models. To cure antisocial behavior in the future, the CRISPR/Cas9 system in combination with iPSCs or ssODN methods for instance can be used. This system has succeeded to correct erroneous segments in the F8 gene and F9 gene. Both genes occupy the X chromosome. The MAOA gene also occupies the X chromosome. It seems that CRISPR/Cas9 system may be a beneficial tool to edit erroneous segments in the MAOA gene to treat antisocial behavior.
Erken Okuryazarlık Üzerinde Paylaşımlı Kitap Okumanın Rolü: Okul ve Ev Ortamı Açısından Etkileri
Authors: TURAN Figen , TOPCU Zülfiye Güzin
Published: April 2018

Paylaşımlı kitap
okuma, bir yetişkin ve bir çocuk ya da çocuk grubu arasında yetişkinin kitabı
okuduğu ve tekniğine göre çocuktan farklı oranda katılımın beklendiği sosyal
bir etkinlik olarak tanımlanmıştır. Kitap paylaşımı sırasında erken okuryazarlık
adına büyük anlam ifade eden alıcı ve ifade edici dilin geliştiği, okuma tekniğine
göre de sesbilgisel farkındalık ve yazı farkındalığı becerilerinin geliştiği
literatürde desteklenmiştir. Kitap paylaşımına yönelik farklı tekniklerin ( (a) diyaloga dayalı kitap okuma/etkileşimli
kitap okuma/dialogical reading, (b) paylaşımlı kitap okuma/shared book reading,
(c) interaktif paylaşımlı kitap okuma/interactive shared book reading, (d)
yazıyı referans gösterme/print referencing) erken müdahale kapsamında
kullanıldığı araştırmalarla gösterilmiştir. Kitap paylaşımının kullanıldığı
erken müdahale tekniklerinden en yararlı görülmüş teknikler olarak çocuğa en
çok aktif rol veren diyaloga dayalı/etkileşimli
kitap okuma ve interaktif paylaşımlı kitap
okuma olmuştur.Kitap paylaşımı
sırasında, paylaşımdan kazanılan verimi etkileyen belirli değişkenler
mevcuttur. Buna bağlı olarak; yetişkinlerin benimsediği tutum ve davranışlar,
etkileşime girilen çocuk sayısı, ev ve okul ortamı, çocukların ilgisini takip
etme ve onların cevaplarını genişletme, açık uçlu sorular sorma ve çocukların etkin
katılım oranı bu etkileşime etki eden faktörlerden kabul edilmektedir. Bazı
araştırmacılar ebeveyn cinsiyetinin ve maternal/paternal konuşmanın da bu
etkileşimde bir değişken olduğunu savunmaktadır.

Bu araştırma ile
paylaşımlı kitap okumanın farklı teknikleri, bu tekniklere bağlı faydaları ve
kitap paylaşımı sürecini etkilediği düşünülen değişkenler ele alınmaktadır.
From big business to small and medium-sized enterprises: factors and prospects
Authors: Kvitka Anton , Kramarenko Anna
Published: April 2018

The article considers changes in organizational structure (in the context of a shift in favor of small business), the main factors and long-term prospects of these changes. Enhancing the role of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in many countries of the world is described. The concept of SMEs, as well as the range of indicators measuring organizational structure, is defined. Modern trends that indicate the increasing role of small and medium-sized enterprises are shown. On the basis of dynamics of economic indicators in Europe and the United States, the increasing role of small and medium enterprises is investigated. It is shown that the increase in the share of the service sector is the result of market saturation. The influence of the service sector on the shifts in the organizational structure in the period of global economic changes, as well as the influence on the increasing share of more flexible and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises in total employment and income, is argued. Increased competition in the process of saturation of the market is shown as one of the factors of the development of personal needs that promote individual entrepreneurs, inventors and innovators, for whom a complex and rigid structure of large organizations is the factor which limits the growth and interferes with their becoming the engines of scientific and technological progress. It is proved that in conditions when large corporations find themselves unable to identify a new micro niche quickly, small and medium enterprises are becoming the most convenient form for the realization and promotion of innovation. The transition from the dominance of large corporations to the dominance of SMEs in the process of substitution of technological modes is investigated. The increasing role of small and medium firms in the context of long-term trends of economic development is considered.
Modeling, prediction and trend assessment of drought in Iran using standardized precipitation index
Authors: Bahrami Mehdi , Bazrkar Samira , Zarei Abdol Rassoul
Published: April 2018

Drought as an exigent natural phenomenon, with high frequency in arid and semi-arid regions, leads to enormous damage to agriculture, economy, and environment. In this study, the seasonal Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) drought index and time series models were employed to model and predict seasonal drought using climate data of 38 Iranian synoptic stations during 1967–2014. In order to model and predict seasonal drought ITSM (Interactive Time Series Modeling) statistical software was used. According to the calculated seasonal SPI, within the study area, drought severity classes 4 and 3 had the greatest occurrence frequency, while classes 6 and 7 had the least occurrence frequency. Results indicated that the best fitted models were Moving-Average or MA (5) Innovations and MA (5) Hannan-Rissenen, with 60.53 and 15.79 percentage, respectively. On the other hand, results of the prediction as well, indicated that drought class 4 with the highest percentages, was the most abundant class over the study area and drought class 7 was the least frequent class. According to results of trend analysis, without attention to significance of them, observed seasonal SPI data series (1967–2014), in 84.21% of synoptic stations had a negative trend, but this percentage changes to 86.84% when studying the combination of observed and predicted simultaneously (1967–2019).
PCSK9 Inhibitors: Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Lowering LDLCholesterol
Authors: Wang Yan , Liu Zhao-Peng
Published: April 2018

Statins are currently the major therapeutic strategies to lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. However, a number of hypercholesterolemia patients still have a residual cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk despite taking the maximum-tolerated dose of statins. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) binds to low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), inducing its degradation in the lysosome and inhibiting LDLR recirculating to the cell membranes. The gain-offunction mutations in PCSK9 elevate the LDL-C levels in plasma. Therefore, PCSK9 inhibitors become novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Several PCSK9 inhibitors have been under investigation, and much progress has been made in clinical trials, especially for monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). Two MoAbs, evolocumab and alirocumab, are now in clinical use. In this review, we summarize the development of PCSK9 inhibitors, including antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), small interfering RNA (siRNA), small molecule inhibitor, MoAbs, mimetic peptides and adnectins, and the related safety issues.
Current Views on Dopaminergic Drugs Affecting Glucose Homeostasis
Authors: Hassanabad Mortaza Fatehi , Fatehi Mohammad
Published: April 2018

Background:

For more than three decades, it has been known that manipulation of dopaminergic
system could affect glucose homesotasis in experimental animals. The notion that glucose
homeostasis in human might be influenced by dopaminergic drugs has attracted a great deal of attention
in the past two decades. In spite of rapid advancements in revealing involvement of dopaminergic neurotransmission
in insulin release, glucose up-take and pancreatic beta cell function in general through
centrally and peripherally controlled mechanisms, there are discrepancies among observations on experimental
animals and human subjects.

Conclusion:

With the expansion of pharmacotherapy in psychotic conditions, depression and endocrine
abnormalities along with a sharp increase in prevalence of type two diabetes and disturbances of glucose
homeostasis as a major risk factor for many cardiovascular complications and associated mortalities;
it seems a critical analysis of recent investigations on drugs which act as agonists or antagonists of
dopaminergic receptors in various tissues and organs may provide better insight into how safe and efficient
these medicines could be prescribed. Furthermore, the other main objective of present review is to
compare clinical data on significance of changes in blood glucose and insulin levels during short term
and after long term treatment with these agents. This in turn would be beneficial for determining adequate
strategies to combat or to avoid adverse effects associated with dopaminergic drug therapy.
Single Dose Pharmacokinetics of Metoclopramide Oral Tablets Utilizing HPLC-UV Method
Authors: Kaukab Iram , Hussain Shah Syed Nisar , Murtaza Ghulam
Published: April 2018

Background:

Metoclopramide is a potent dopaminergic antagonist utilized for treating gastrointestinal
disorders. The aim of this study was to examine the pharmacokinetics of oral formulation
of metoclopramide in the Pakistani volunteers.

Methods:

This open label, single dose, pharmacokinetic study was executed in non-smoking, 12 Pakistani
healthy males, treated with a single 20 mg oral tablet dose of metoclopramide on test day. Maximum
plasma concentration (Cmax), time to achieve Cmax (Tmax), and area under curve (AUC0-t) of metoclopramide
were determined analyzing the serial blood samples using a validated HPLC-UV method.

Results:

The determined values of Cmax, Tmax, and AUC0-t of metoclopramide were 34.51 ± 4.91 ng/ml,
1.56 ± 0.18 and 273.88 ± 114.49 ng.h/ml, respectively.

Conclusion:

The results reveal that the findings of Pakistani individuals are slightly different when
compared with the published data of other ethnic origins.
Clinical Observation of Electroencephalographic Changes and Risk of Convulsion Occurrence in Children Receiving Neural Precursor Cell Transplantation
Authors: Qu Suqing , Liu Weipeng , Yang Hui , Wang Zhaoyan , Yang Yinxiang , Liu Fang , Sharma Aruna , Sharma Hari , Luan Zuo
Published: April 2018

Purpose: This study was intended to observe electroencephalographic (EEG) changes and
convulsion attacks in children receiving neural precursor cell transplantation, and to explore the possibility
of electrophysiological changes and risk of convulsion occurrence after cell transplantation.

Method:

228 children were included in this study who received neural precursor cell transplantation
in our hospital between March 2008 and July 2012. No history of convulsion attacks was elicited before
cell transplantation. Data about EEG change and convulsion occurrence before and after cell
transplantation were analyzed statistically.

Results:

Of the 228 pediatric patients, EEG improvement, deterioration and no significant change
were observed in 60, 45 and 122 patients, respectively. One month after transplantation, four (1.76%)
patients experienced new convulsions. Of the 227 patients, 25 showed increased and/or abnormal discharges
on EEG. Of these, 19 underwent EEG re-examination six months post-operation. Except the
convulsive cases mentioned above, there were no new cases of convulsions in the remaining patients.
Of the 27 patients including those with abnormal discharge, increased discharge and convulsion attacks,
17 achieved varying degrees of therapeutic efficacy.

Conclusion:

Intraventricular transplantation of neural precursor cells is associated with EEG changes
in some children and clinical convulsion attacks in individual patients. However, these abnormal
changes do not last long and usually return to normal levels within 1-6 months after surgery, along
with disappearance of convulsions. Simultaneous occurrence of EEG changes and convulsions do not
appear to affect therapeutic efficacy.