bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1091 Time-Trend Analysis of Correlation of Liver Cirrhosis and Its Complications, Using NIS Database
Authors: Hayat Muhammad Hashim , Ali Ijlal Akbar , Nusrat Salman
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:

Liver cirrhosis has one of the highest associations with an increased mortality and morbidity, out of all liver diseases. Indirect and direct cost related to cirrhosis exceeded 10 billion dollars in 2010, and is expected to have risen since then. It has many complications such as esophageal varices, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), portal hypertension and hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). We wanted to assess hospital admissions, stays and expenses of patient care from cirrhosis.

METHODS:

We reviewed the NIS Database for all hospitalizations with principal discharge diagnosis for cirrhosis, esophageal varices, SBP, portal hypertension or HRS between years 1993–2014.

RESULTS:

In 2014 total number of hospital admissions secondary to cirrhosis were 77,880. This was a persistent increase from 57,787 admissions in 1993. Age-sex standardized admission rates (per 100,000 patients) increased from 24.0 in 1993 to 32.3 in 2014. We saw decrease in hospital stay duration from 8.7 to 9.8 days. The total hospital charges for these admissions increased from $11,020 in 1993 to $59,130 in 2014. Average mortality per year decreased from 14.98% to 5.62%. On the other hand, opposite trends were observed in most of the complications of cirrhosis. We saw a steady decline in admission rate (per 100,000 patients) from esophageal varices, from 2.0 in 1993 to 1.4 in 2014. Mortality for the condition decreased from 8.13% to 6.04% over the course of the study period. Similar trends were observed in patients with HRS, with admission rate increasing from 0.5 to 1.1, in 1993 and 2014 respectively. In hospital death decreased from 70.9% in 1993 to 24% in 2014. Admission rate for portal hypertension from 1994 to 2014 increased from 1.5 to 1.8. Mortality from the disease continues to decrease from 6.1% in 1993 to 3.0% in 2013.Trend for SBP admissions over the past decade is concerning with numbers increasing from 0.3 in 2005, to 2.4 in 2014. Reassuringly, mortality for SBP is decreasing consistently from 8.34% in 2005 to 6.16% in 2014.

CONCLUSION:

The number of inpatient admissions for cirrhosis has increased from 1993 to 2014. During the same time period, length of stay and inpatient mortality improved but cost per admission increased almost five folds. These changes are likely representative of early recognition of complication and more effective treatment options. Use of diagnostic and therapeutic intervention should be judicious and further research on cost effectiveness of is needed.
1 Double High-Level Disinfection vs. Sterilization for Reprocessing of Duodenoscopes Used for ERCP: A Prospective Study
Authors: Gromski Mark A. , Sieber Marnie S. , Sherman Stuart , Rex Douglas K.
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:

The potential for transmission of pathogenic organisms is a problem inherent to the current duodenoscope design. Recent outbreaks of multi-drug resistant pathogenic organisms transmitted via duodenoscopes has brought to light the urgency of this problem. Microbiological culturing of duodenoscopes and reprocessing with repeat high-level disinfection or liquid chemical sterilization have been offered as supplemental measures to enhance duodenoscope reprocessing by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This study aims to compare the efficacy of reprocessing duodenoscopes with double high-level disinfection (DHLD) versus liquid chemical sterilization.

METHODS:

We prospectively evaluated two different modalities of duodenoscope reprocessing from 10/23/17 to 9/24/18. All operable duodenoscopes were segregated to be reprocessed by either DHLD (i.e., complete manual cleaning followed by automated reprocessing, repeated for two total cycles) or manual cleaning followed by liquid chemical sterilization. Duodenoscopes were randomly cultured post-reprocessing for surveillance based on an internal protocol.

RESULTS:

During the study time period, there were 878 post-reprocessing surveillance cultures (453 in the DHLD group and 425 in the sterilization group). Of all of the cultures, 17 were positive (1.9%). There was no significant difference of positive cultures when comparing the duodenoscopes undergoing DHLD (8 positive cultures, 1.8%) to duodenoscopes undergoing sterilization (9 positive cultures, 2.1%, P > 0.05). Both groups had two cultures that grew high-concern organisms. No multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO), including carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE), were detected. Organisms from positive cultures are presented in Table 1.

CONCLUSION:

DHLD and liquid chemical sterilization both resulted in a low rate of positive cultures, both for all organisms and for high-concern organisms, but neither process eliminated positive cultures from reprocessed duodenoscopes. A liquid chemical sterilization protocol did not improve the growth of organisms on surveillance cultures compared to DHLD.
Compliance with hormone replacement therapy in perimenopause (work experience of the educational program "Health of a woman older than 45 years")
Authors: Berketova T. Yu. , Melnichenko G. A. , Bobrov A. E. , Kuligina M. A. , Samsonova L. S. , Rogozin A. K. , Chernogolov V. A. , Morgunova T. B.
Published: October 2019

Although the efficacy of substitute hormone therapy (SHT) is proven, the list of contraindications to it is short, and new drugs and dosage forms have been created, the number of periand postmenopausal women administered SHT is scanty. Among the factors responsible for it is insufficient information and the level of education of women. Our research was aimed at improving the quality of life and prevention of complications in periand postmenopausal women by developing programs for treating and training women of periand postmenopausal age. The program was tried in 106 women aged 39 to 62 years (51.83±0.68), 24 of whom were offered a course of group psychotherapy. Control group consisted of 48 women matched for their social status and age who were not trained.

The training decreased the anxiety caused by somatic state, the women became more open and spontaneous, their mood improved, and anxiety decreased due to explanations offered by the doctor. Special psychotherapeutic training added to preparatory measures improved the psychological state of women still more.

The knowledge of women after a course of training essentially improved in comparison with the control: 3.64±0.02 (p<0.00001) and 2.68+0.03 points (p<0.00001). Ninety-three (87.7%) women decided to resort to SHT after training and so did 31 (64.6%) women who were not trained. About half of untrained women discontinued SHT or had an insufficient course for this or that reason, while in the trained group only about 17% women did so.
Modern aspects of thyrotoxicosis (lecture)
Authors: Kalinin A. P. , Lukyanchikov V. S. , Viet Nguyen Khan
Published: October 2019

Among the current medical and social problems, one of the most urgent is the pathology of the thyroid gland (thyroid gland). This is due to the fact that the total frequency of various forms of this pathology, even outside areas of goiter endemic, is at least 20% of the total incidence. In goiter endemic regions, where approximately 1/3 of the human population lives, this figure often exceeds 50%.
Contractile and endothelium-dependent dilatation aortic reactions in hyperthyroidism
Authors: Luksha L. S. , Bagel I. M. , Lobanok L. M.
Published: October 2019

То prove the hypothesis that onset of hyperthyroidism may be attributed not only to hyperactivity of beta-adrenergic system but also to enhanced endothelial impacts on the tone of smooth muscle cells, the authors studied the role of endothelium in regulation of functional activity of arterial vessels in hypothyroidism. The experiments were made on isolated aortic segments of euthyroid and hyperthyroid female rats. Contractile and endothelium-dependent dilatations of the aortic segments in response to noradrenaline and carbacholine, respectively, were studied. It was shown that in hyperthyroidism contractile reactions of the aorta to noradrenalin are less expressed as a result of low sensitivity of the smooth muscle cells to this agonist and strong inhibitory effect of endothelium on these reactions. Dilatatory endothelium-dependent reactions of the isolated aorta in hyperthyroidism are more expressed. Enhancement of carbacholine dilatotory effects may be due to endothelial hyperpolarising factor, whose eficiency grows with a thyroxin-stimulated rise in the number of units of the Na*K*A TPase pump. The findings indicate an essential role of endothelium in mechanisms of hyperthyroid circulatory disorders.
Etapas da terminologia como uma proposta de ensino e aprendizagem nas aulas de inglês instrumental
Authors: Lima Gyzely Suely
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma reflexão sobre a experiência de desenvolvimento das etapas iniciais da Terminologia como uma metodologia da Linguística de Corpus no ensino e na aprendizagem de língua inglesa na perspectiva do Data-driven Learning (DDL). Apresentamos as perspectivas teórica e prática no uso do DDL (JOHNS, 1991) para o ensino e aprendizagem de inglês, partindo dos princípios da Teoria Comunicativa da Terminologia (TCT) (ALMEIDA, 2006) e da Linguística de Corpus (BERBER-SARDINHA, 2004; SCOTT, 2012; TEI-XEIRA, 2008) como uma abordagem teórica. A descrição de uso prático do DDL nas aulas de inglês inicia-se com a experiência vivida com um grupo de estudantes de um curso superior de Tecnologia em Logística, sugerindo desdobramentos para a continuidade da proposta como uma forma de criar a opor-tunidade nas aulas de Inglês Instrumen-tal para os alunos aprenderem inglês por meio de um corpus de textos autênticos.
USING CLUSTERING METHODS FOR PROCESSING ACOUSTIC-EMISSION INFORMATION
Authors: Stepanova L. N. , Chernova V. V. , Ramazanov I. S.
Published: October 2019

The analysis of the developed methods of cluster analysis of acoustic emission signals (AE), performed during the welding process and in the process of strength testing of composite samples and structures, was performed. Clustering in digital form, informative parameters of AE signals, front edge rise rate, as well as dynamic and two-stage clustering are considered. The examples of the use of the developed cluster analysis methods in the control of welding defects, composite samples and elements of aircraft structures during static and cyclic testing are shown. The advantages and disadvantages of various clustering methods for processing AE information are determined.
ELECTRIC POWER THERMOGRAPHY CONSTRUCTIONS MADE OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Authors: Kaledin V. O. , Vyachkina E. A. , Galdin D. A. , Budadin O. N. , Kozelskaya S. O.
Published: October 2019

A new control technology for electrically conductive composite materials (electric power thermography) is proposed, based on the excitation of a thermal field in the defect area (cracks) by passing an electric current with simultaneous application of a power load, which makes it possible to detect “stuck” cracks in composite materials using rather simple technical means. Theoretical and experimental studies have shown the possibility of identifying delaminations and cracks in the grids of a complex structure of composite materials using electrodiagnosis with temperature field measurement. The resulting temperature anomalies in the process of monitoring the proposed method (electric power thermography) reach a value of several degrees (regardless of the initial characteristics of cracks – before the application of a power load), which allows you to record temperature fields with quite simple and, therefore, cheap thermographic devices. The applied power load to the monitored product can be carried out simultaneously with the workload of the product, which allows them to be monitored in the process of strength power-producing tests.
APPLICATION OF KOTELNIKOV’S THEOREM TO ANALYSIS OF RANDOM PROCESSES
Authors: Goriunov O. V. , Slovtsov S. V.
Published: October 2019

Analysis of many dynamic tasks arising in engineering applications is associated with the construction of spectral characteristics. However, the application of spectral analysis to random oscillations, which in most cases describe real processes (technical, technological, etc.), has a number of features and limitations associated, in particular, with the anconvergence of the Fourier transform. The substantiated metrological evaluation of the spectra associated with the reliability of the applied results is complicated by the absence of a rigorous mathematical model of a random process. The above remarks were solved on the basis of application of Kotelnikov's theorem at decomposition of a random process on known eigenfunctions. The obtained decomposition allowed us to obtain a number of results in the field of correlation and spectral analysis of random processes: the stability of the ACF and the relationship with the statistical characteristics of the implementation is proved, the orthogonal decomposition of the random process in the form of a continuous function is presented, which allows us to consider the evaluation and analyze the characteristics of the realizations without the use of a fast Fourier transform; the natural relationship between ACF and spectral density for a time-limited signal is shown, and the symmetric form of recording the signal spectrum is justified.
MODELING OF STATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PNEUMATIC STRAIN GAUGE TRANSDUCER
Authors: Vasytenko A. P. , Tarakhovskiy A. Yu.
Published: October 2019

Measuring instruments that implement the pneumatic principle of measurement, have a number of significant advantages: small dimensions of the measuring equipment, allowing to produce multiparameter control in a limited size of the working area, insensitivity to vibration, simplicity of design and reliability. The disadvantage of pneumatic converters is a discrete output electrical signal, which does not allow the processing of measurement results. In this regard, it seems appropriate to investigate the pneumatic-electric Converter, which includes a jet pneumatic and differential strain gauges, which allows to obtain an analog electrical signal at the output. The article describes the design and principle of operation pneumoenteritis Converter to control the diameter of the part. Pneumotensometric Converter converts the change in the diameter of the part in the movement of the nozzle, which causes a change in the force of the air jet on the beam, its deformation and, accordingly, a change in the resistance of he strain gauge. An expression describing the stoic characteristic of the transducer and allowing to determine the force of the air jet impact on the load cell from the gap between the nozzle and the beam, the air pressure and the nozzle diameter is given. The results of modeling the static characteristics of the Converter at different combinations of design parameters are given, the values of straight sections of characteristics and sensitivity are determined, their comparative evaluation is given.
Entomopathogenic fungus, Lecanicillium lecanii R. Z are & W. Gams anchored into MCM-41: A new and effective bio-insecticide against Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hom: Aphididae) to protect cabbages
Authors: SOLEYMANZADE Asmar , KHORRAMI Fereshteh , BATMANI Hana , OJAGHI AGHBASH Khadijeh , GHOSTA Youbert
Published: October 2019

Brevicoryne brassicae is a significant pest of cultivated cabbages and vegetable crops in the world. The present study was carried out to examine a potential strategy to enhance the insecticidal activity of Lecanicillium lecanii for cost-effective management of B. brassicae. The insecticidal efficacy of pure entomopathogenic fungus (PEF) and MCM-41 (Mobil Composition of Matter) L. lecanii were assessed against the cabbage aphid under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. The fungus was supported on MCM-41 and was completely characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) techniques. LC50 values of PEF and MCM-41@fungus were 1.9×106 and 2.5×104 and 2.0×107 and 2.0×105 conidia/ml on adults of B. brassicae under laboratory and greenhouse conditions, respectively. Bioassays demonstrated that MCM-41@fungus significantly decreased LC50 values of entomopathogenic fungus and it was more toxic than L. lecanii at adult stage of the pest. The results showed that pure L. lecanii and its nano-formulation could play key roles as bio-pesticides in B. brassicae management programs.
Assessing of adaptation ability of Listeria to benzalkonium chloride (BAC) by determination of its minimal inhibitory concentration
Authors: PODPAC Monika , JERŠEK Barbara
Published: October 2019

Bacteria of the genus Listeria pose a problem in the food industry due to their wide distribution and their good survival in adverse conditions. L. monocytogenes (E. Murray et al. 1926) Pirie 1940 is human pathogen, while L. innocua Seeliger (ATCC® 33090™) as not pathogenic bacteria is the most often found listeria in food production environment. Disinfectants represents an important part of Listeria management in food processing environments and benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is used frequently. The purpose of the work was to determine whether strains of listeria can adapt to BAC. To carry out the adaptation, a precise determination of antibacterial activity of BAC was needed. Firstly minimum inhibitory concentration (MICMTP) of BAC was determined with broth microdilution method for each Listeria strain. Then, we checked whether MICMTP was indeed the lowest concentration of BAC, which had an influence on growth of strains with growth curves. We found out that growth inhibitory effect (MICGC) was achieved at concentrations of BAC that were lower than MICMTP (0.1-0.5x of MICMTP values). Adaptation of listeria to BAC was therefore performed by using 0.25x MICGC as the initial BAC concentration. Results showed that 50 % of the strains were able to adapt to BAC, and in L. monocytogenes ŽM500 this adaptation was even stable. The broth microdilution method was useful for approximate assessment of antimicrobial activity of BAC, while for the more precise determination of disinfectant activity it is necessary to determine it by using another method such as plate count method.
Feasibility of different crop rotations for cultivation in salt affected soils
Authors: AHMED Khalil , QADIR Ghulam , NAWAZ Muhammad Qaisar , SARFRAZ Muhammad , RIZWAN Muhammad , ZAKA Muhammad Anwar , HUSSAIN Sarfraz
Published: October 2019

Crop rotation can be used as an effective technique for managing salt-affected soils, however selection of suitable crop rotation at farmer field is very intricate decision which depends on expected net revenue, available resources and preserving the soil quality. In this perspective a study was conducted to evaluate a suitable crop rotation scheme for salt affected soils in term of economic value and improving the soil health. Seven crop rotation used were; T1 = Wheat-Rice, T2 = Wheat-Sesamum, T3 = Ispagol-Rice, T4 = Ispagol-Qulfa, T5 = Tukhum-e-blangoo-Qulfa, T6 = Ajwain-Niazboo, T7 = Saunf-Podina. A moderately salt affected field {pHs = 8.65, ECe = 5.20 dS m-1, SAR = 27.73 (mmol l-1)1/2} was selected. The experimental design was randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications having plot size of 4 m x 6 m. Results of two years study showed that maximum grain yield was recorded by rice wheat rotation and maximum net income (208352 Rs. ha−1) and BCR (4.72) was also observed in rice-wheat crop rotation over all other crop rotations. With respect to ameliorative affect, rice- wheat rotation also showed a significant positive impact on chemical properties of salt affected soil. Therefore, it is suggested that rice wheat crop rotation is the most suitable and economically attractive cropping scheme in salt affected soil which has potential to provide better long-term income to farmers, improve soil health and combat soil deterioration caused by salinity.
Deteriorative changes in maize kernels due to Aspergillus flavus Link. and Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg
Authors: MUGA Francis Collins , WORKNEH Tilahun Seyoum , MARENYA Moses Okoth
Published: October 2019

The study aimed at measuring changes in chemical composition of maize kernels due to Aspergillus flavus Link. and Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg infection. The samples of maize kernels were incubated at 28 °C for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The samples were analysed for mycotoxin, moisture, crude fat, crude protein, crude ash, and crude fibre. Maize kernels inoculated with A. flavus and F. verticillioides exhibited a significant decrease in crude fat. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination increased in maize kernels inoculated with A. flavus, and fumonisin B1 (FB1) in kernels inoculated with F. verticillioides. Crude ash and crude fibre content showed no changes. Incubation time significantly affected AFB1 and FB1 contamination levels, moisture, crude fat, and crude protein contents. AFB1 and FB1 contamination were significantly correlated with crude fat degradation. The tested strains had similar deteriorative effects on maize kernels. The significant changes in the proximate composition were only observed in maize kernels with mycotoxin contamination above the regulatory limit of 10 µg kg−1, thus not fit for human consumption.
Progressive and conservative rhetoric in political advertising
Authors: Piontek Dorota
Published: October 2019

Punktem wyjścia badania referowanego w niniejszym artykule jest koncepcja retoryki progresywnej i konserwatywnej Hugh Ranka. Stosowane w reklamie, typy te są pochodną stosunku podmiotu działającego do określonej korzyści i charakteryzują się pewnymi stałymi cechami. Celem badania było zweryfikowanie założenia, że w oparciu o analizę komunikatów reklamowych konkretnych podmiotów politycznych uprawnione jest wnioskowanie, czy ubiegają się one o reelekcję, czy też aspirują do władzy, której aktualnie nie mają. Przedmiotem badań były treści reklamowe sponsorowane przez komitety wyborcze, emitowane podczas polskiej kampanii parlamentarnej w 2015 r. w ramach bloków audycji wyborczych przez TVP, którą do nieodpłatnej emisji reklam obliguje ustawodawca. Analiza ma charakter jakościowy i dokonana została w oparciu o spoty wyborcze komitetów, których kampania zakończyła się sukcesem, tzn. które zdobyły reprezentację parlamentarną.
University in the Period of Changing the Information Flow Model
Authors: Lewandowska Maria , Stachowiak Beata
Published: October 2019

Artykuł ma na celu zaprezentowanie wyników badań dotyczących poglądów współczesnych studentów na uniwersytet. Sformułowano kilka problemów badawczych: z jakich źródeł informacji i wiedzy o świecie korzystają współcześni studenci; jakie są główne cele szkolnictwa wyższego według współczesnych studentów; dlaczego współcześni studenci decydują się na rozpoczęcie studiów wyższych; kim jest nauczyciel akademicki dla współczesnego studenta? Narzędziem badawczym był kwestionariusz ankiety udostępniony studentom drogą elektroniczną. Badania wykazały, że uniwersytet jest jednym ze źródeł informacji dla 65% studentów biorących udział w badaniu. Więcej wskazań uzyskał jedynie Internet. Ponadto, respondenci za kluczowe cele szkolnictwa wyższego uznali przyczynianie się do rozwoju intelektualnego studentów, przygotowanie zawodowe oraz przyznawanie stopni naukowych i wydawanie dyplomów. Głównymi powodami, dla których respondenci zdecydowali się podjąć studia w szkole wyższej były: chęć zdobycia wyższego wykształcenia, chęć rozwoju intelektualnego i chęć nabycia określonych umiejętności praktycznych. Nauczyciele akademiccy są dla studentów, przede wszystkim, osobami przekazującymi wiedzę. 21% spośród ankietowanych udzieliło odpowiedzi „mistrz” (lub użyło synonimu tego słowa).
Methodology of Political Science. The case of Eurasianism
Authors: Bäcker Roman
Published: October 2019

Tekst odpowiada na pytanie: jaki jest sens prowadzenia badań politologicznych? Wtedy, gdy ma się odpowiednią motywację i (co równie ważne) wie się, jak to można zrobić. W tym drugim przypadku musi się postępować w odpowiedniej kolejności. Po pierwsze, należy wyznaczyć granice pola badawczego, a po drugie, określić oryginalne, niebanalne problemy i hipotezy badawcze. Po trzecie, konieczny jest odpowiedni dobór i sposób selekcji źródeł pierwotnych i ewentualnie wtórnych. Czwartym etapem jest dobranie adekwatnych metod i technik badawczych, a następnie skonstruowanie narzędzia lub narzędzi badawczych. Po określeniu poziomu prawdziwości i stosowalności zebranych informacji możliwe jest dopiero przystąpienie do weryfikacji hipotez. Im bardziej ten ostatni proces będzie rzetelny, a badacz dociekliwy, tym ciekawsze uzyska się rezultaty badawcze.
Meaningful and meaningless suffering
Authors: Pihlström Sami
Published: October 2019

The problem of suffering crucially focuses on meaninglessness. Meaningful suffering—suffering having some “point” or function—is not as problematic as absurd suffering that cannot be rendered purposeful. This issue is more specific than the problem of the “meaning of life” (or “meaning in life”). Human lives are often full of suffering experienced as serving no purpose whatsoever – indeed, suffering that may threaten to make life itself meaningless. Some philosophers—e.g., D.Z. Phillips and John Cottingham—have persuasively argued that the standard analytic methods of philosophy of religion in particular ought to be enriched by literary reading and interpretation, especially when dealing with issues such as this. The problem of evil and suffering can also be explored from a perspective entangling literary and philosophical approaches (Kivistö & Pihlström, 2016). This double methodology is in this paper applied to the problem of evil and suffering by considering an example drawn from Holocaust literature: Primo Levi’s work is analyzed as developing an essentially ethical argument, with a philosophical-cum-literary structure, against theodicies seeking to render suffering meaningful. By means of such a case study, I hope to shed light on the problem of meaningless suffering, especially regarding the moral critique of “theodicist” attempts to interpret all suffering as meaningful.
Screw dislocation in a Bi-medium within strain gradient elasticity revisited
Authors: Davoudi Kamyar M. , Aifantis Elias C.
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we consider a straight screw dis-location near a flat interface between two elastic media in the framework of strain gradient elasticity (as studied by Gutkin et. al. [1]) by now taking care of some incomplete calculations). Closed form solutions for stress components and the Peach-Koehler force on the dislocation have been derived. It is shown that the singularities of the stress components at the dislocation line are eliminated and both components are continuous and smooth across the interface. The effect of the distance of the dislocation position from the interface on the maximum value of stress is investigated. Unlike in the case of classical solution, the image force remains finite when the dislocation approaches the interface. It is shown that the dislocation is attracted by the medium with smaller shear modulus or smaller gradient coefficient.
Berry-Esseen bounds for wavelet estimator in time-varying coefficient models with censored dependent data
Authors: Zhou Xingcai , Ni Beibei , Wang Hongxia , Huang Xingfang
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we discuss wavelet estimation of time-varying coefficient models based on censored data where the survival and the censoring times are from a stationary α-mixing sequence. Under the appropriate conditions, the Berry-Esseen bouds of wavelet estimators are established. For the purpose of statistical inference, a random weighted wavelet estimator of the time-varying coefficient is also constructed, and some approximation rates are given.
Vibration Analysis of a Three-Layered FGM Cylindrical Shell Including the Effect Of Ring Support
Authors: Ghamkhar Madiha , Naeem Muhammad Nawaz , Imran Muhammad , Soutis Constantinos
Published: October 2019

In this work, we study vibrations of three-layered cylindrical shells with one ring support along its length. Nature of material of the central layer is a functionally graded material (FGM) type. The considered FGM is of stainless steel and nickel. The internal and external layers are presumed to be made of isotropic material i.e., aluminum. The functionally graded material composition of the center layer is assorted by three volume fraction laws (VFL) which are represented by mathematical expressions of polynomial, exponential and trigonometric functions. The implementation of Rayleigh-Ritz method has been done under the Sanders’ shell theory to obtain the shell frequency equation. Natural frequencies (NFs) are attained for the present model problem under six boundary conditions. Use of characteristic beam functions is made for the estimation of the dependence of axial modals. The impact of layer material variations with ring support is considered for many ring positions. Also the effect of volume fraction laws is investigated upon vibration characteristics. This investigation is performed for various physical parameters. Numerous comparisons of values of shell frequencies have been done with available models of such types of results to verify accuracy of the present formulation and demonstrate its numerical efficiency.
Using the Rating of Perceived Exertion and Heart Rate to Quantify Training Intensity in Female Soccer Players: Validity and Utility
Authors: Costa Júlio A. , Brito João , Nakamura Fábio Y. , Figueiredo Pedro , Rebelo António
Published: October 2019

Costa, JA, Brito, J, Nakamura, FY, Figueiredo, P, and Rebelo, A. Using the rating of perceived exertion and heart rate to quantify training intensity in female soccer players: validity and utility. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 201–206, 2022—The aims of this study were as follows: (a) to analyze associations between session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) and training impulse (TRIMP); (b) to verify whether significantly different ranges of percentage of heart rate peak (%HRpeak) would be reached in each discrete RPE category; and (c) to investigate the amount of time spent >90% of HRpeak and associated intraplayer and interplayer variability during soccer technical training sessions with similar contents and duration. This was a single-group observational study that measured the internal training load during 6 weeks of the competitive period in 17 high-level female soccer players. All training sessions started around 9 pm. and lasted on average 94 ± 5 minutes. During each training session, RPE, sRPE, TRIMP, HRex (%HRpeak), and time spent at >90% of HRpeak were assessed. A very large correlation was found between sRPE and TRIMP (r = 0.78; 95% confidence interval: [0.74–0.82]). Significant differences were observed between %HRpeak associated with each RPE value (i.e., RPE = 2 arbitrary unit [68%; 65–69% of %HRpeak]; RPE 3 [72%; 69–75%]; RPE 4 [79%; 76–82%]; RPE 5 [84; 81–87%]; χ2 = 73.34; df = 3; P < 0.001). Intraplayer and interplayer coefficients of variation for the time spent >90% of HRpeak (∼8% of training time, ∼7 minutes per session) during training sessions were 73 and 92%, respectively. In conclusion, it was confirmed that sRPE and TRIMP displayed good convergent validity, and different %HRpeak were observed for each discrete RPE. However, because of the high variability in the time >90% of HRpeak, careful monitoring of individual exercises should be performed to ensure the desired training stimulus for each player.
Negotiating Political Identity in Community-Based Film Festivals
Authors: Hicks-Alcaraz Marisa , Oishi Eve
Published: October 2019

This article is a cross-generational exchange of ideas and experiences that explores the intersections of film curating and activism. Its authors set forth accounts of their own experiences as scholars who have worked as film festival curators “on the side” from the 1990s to the present within the context of the new yet rapidly growing field of film festival studies, which provides a useful set of perspectives and methods for understanding how film festivals function and what significance and impact they can have on the multiple stakeholders involved, including but not limited to the filmmakers, festival organizers and staff, and audiences. Their experiences shed light on the ways that identity-based film festivals have evolved through engagement with economic and political forces of globalization and neoliberalism even as they function as important, fluid sites of community building where identities are negotiated, contested, and articulated.
Factors Affecting C02 Emission in Vietnam: a Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Thanh Le Trung , Khuong Nguyen Duc
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the major factors in the process of economic growth that influence the carbon dioxide (CO2) emission in Vietnam. An Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was used to evaluate the impact based on Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) and Pollution haven hypothesis (PHH) in 1990–2011. The results indicate that the economic growth, energy consumption, financial development and trade openness positively influence the CO2 emissions, whereas foreign direct investment has a negative impact in the short term. Coefficient of joining ASEAN is not statistically significant. The findings of this study also support the validity of EKC and PHH in the Vietnamese economy. Therefore, it is important to use green energy, examine requirements for foreign investment and adopt trade-related measures and policies to increase environmental protection.
GALEN ON BREAST-FEEDING
Authors: C. T. E.
Published: October 2019

Galen (130-200 AD), the founder of experimental physiology, stands second only to Hippocrates in importance during the ancient period of Greek medicine. His writings dominated medicine until the time of Versalius.

In his De Sanitate Tuenda, or Hygiene, Galen gave the following advice about breast-feeding.1

I order all women who are nursing babies to abstain completely from sex relations. For menstruation is provoked by intercourse, and the milk no longer remains sweet. Moreover some women become pregnant, than which nothing could be worse for the suckling infant. For in this case the best of the blood goes to the foetus. For the latter, which has in it the intrinsic principle of life, is governed thereby, and constantly draws its proper nourishment, is as if immovably rooted to the uterus night and day. Meantime the blood of the pregnant naturally becomes less and of inferior quality, so that not only less, but inferior, milk collects in the breasts; so that if a nursing mother should become pregnant, I should strongly advise that another nurse should be procured, thinking and considering that her milk would be better in taste, appearance, and odor. For to those tasting and smelling it, the best milk is sweet, looks white, and is midway between thin and thick. But poor milk is either thick and cheesy, or watery, thin, and livid, variable in consistency and color, and sour to the taste, and will give the impression of brine or some other extraneous quality, and is not sweet to the smell.
Respostas rituais frente aos desafios da natureza na época da Independência no vice-reino da Nova Granada
Authors: Almeida Jaime De
Published: October 2019

Este ensaio explora as relações entre a história sociocultural e a história dos desastres naturais, privilegiando o mundo andino e a época da independência da Nova Granada.
Entre a diversão e a doutrinação: as festas na Hispano-América Colonial
Authors: Martins Maria Cristina Bohn
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo analisa o lugar e o papel da festa na Hispano-América. Assim como na metrópole, as festas do mundo colonial mesclaram sagrado e profano e exaltaram os poderes do Estado e da Igreja. No Novo Mundo, porém, elas, juntamente com o teatro religioso, tiveram um importante papel a cumprir como instrumento de doutrinação e evangelização das populações indígenas.
Aclamação de Dom José I
Authors: Flores Moacyr
Published: October 2019

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Tese de Doutorado de Domingos Alves Branco - 1738
Authors: Gauer Ruth M. Chittó
Published: October 2019

...
Prognostic value of C-reactive protein/albumin ratio in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Askin Lutfu , Tanriverdi Okan , Tibilli Hakan , Turkmen Serdar
Published: October 2019

Serum C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin ratio (CAR) is demonstrated as a more precise marker in determining the prognosis of critical diseases than albumin and CRP levels, separately. Recently, inflammatory biomarkers are increasingly used for both screening and prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). As an ischemia-dependent risk index, CAR is an independent marker of in-hospital and long-term all-cause mortality in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. The results indicate that CAR is a more effective prognostic marker than either CRP or albumin.
Preliminary Study on Kecalok, An Indigenous Shrimp Sauce from Indonesia
Authors: Ali Mahrus , Kurniawan Ardiansyah , Noor Nuning Mahmudah
Published: October 2019

Kecalokis recognized as a typical shrimp sauce traditionally produced by the Malay inhabitants in Bangka Island and Palembang, Southern region of Sumatra. Comparing to terasi, the most common Indonesian fermented shrimp, the information on kecalokhas rarely been reported. This study aimed to obtain the characteristics of both the geographical origin of kecalokproduct from Bangka and Palembang. A descriptive analysis was used to observe the profiles of both kecalokproducts including sensory, microbiology, proximate, and physical analysis. Results showed that kecalokfrom both locations had similar characteristics, i.e. a distinctive taste and aroma, high nutrition value, and containing some useful bacteria (LAB) which have beneficial role in human body. Therefore, kecalokwill be a prospective functional based-indigenous food in Indonesia.
Preparing practitioner research students in accredited health disciplines for careers in academia
Authors: Churchill Meryl Pearce
Published: October 2019

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction:The reasons commonly cited by health professionals embarking on doctoral studies are an interest in learning how to conduct research for the purpose of improving health practice, and an interest in pursuing a career in academia-this paper focuses on the latter-though the two are not mutually exclusive. The study assessed the current availability, and the skills needed for entry-level academic positions in accredited health professions in Australia. Method:A single point-in-time survey of academic positions (below Associate Professor) across 41 Australian universities was conducted in mid-2019. Discussion:For aspiring academics,contemporary professional experience is sought in teaching positions in accredited health professions in Australia. Applicants need to be able to articulate how their research informs their practice and how their practice informs their teaching. The professional development training of experienced health practitioner research students' needs to be fit-for-purpose for their career aspirations.
Twelve Tips for Creating an All-Day Writing Retreat for Health Profession Educators: An Immersive, Product-Oriented Learning Experience
Authors: Ligon Betty Lee , Elizondo Remijio , Thammasitboon Satid
Published: October 2019

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Health profession educators are keenly aware of the challenges associated with meeting institutional expectations to disseminate their scholarship in forms of publications. In the past, we addressed some of these challenges and described an interactive workshop that we developed from didactic presentations, using educational, psychological, and rhetorical theories. Because we received very positive reviews from workshop participants, we decided to take the next step and develop an all-day writing retreat. In developing this retreat, we spent considerable time preparing in advance; implemented various theories for engaging students and other audiences; and learned lessons along the way. We now offer our insights as tips to help other educators develop a writing retreat.
Sağlık Çalışanlarının Üniversitelere Geçiş Süreçlerini Etkileyen Unsurlar
Authors: BAYER Nükhet , ZEYBEK YILMAZ Ece , BAYRAM Ayhan
Published: October 2019

Çalışmanın
amacı daha önce kliniklerde doktor, hemşire ve fizyoterapist olarak çalışan
daha sonra istifa ederek üniversitelerde öğretim elemanı olan sağlık
çalışanlarının üniversiteye geçiş süreçleri ve bu süreçlerini etkileyen
etmenleri belirlemektir.  Araştırmada 7
tanesi hemşirelik ve sağlık hizmetleri bölümünde, 3 tanesi fizyoterapi-rehabilitasyon
bölümünde ve 2 tanesi de tıp fakültesinde görev yapan öğretim elemanlarına
nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biçimsel mülakat yöntemiyle hazırlanan sorular
sorulmuştur. Biçimsel mülakat yöntemiyle elde edilen verilere içerik analizi
uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada NVivo 12 ProNitel Veri Analiz Programı kullanılarak
analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda klinikler ve
üniversitelerin çalışma şartları ve mobing durumlarına göre farklılık
gösterdiği, ücret açısından çok fazla bir farklılık olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Üniversitelere
geçiş nedenlerinin çalışma şartlarının zorluğu, iş yoğunluğu, kişisel gelişim,
vb etkenlerden kaynaklandığı, kiliniklerle üniversitelerin iş birliği yapmaları
gerektiği ve klinik deneyimi olan akademisyenlerin öğrenciler üzerinde daha
etkili olabileceği belirlenmiştir.
Satın Alma Sürecinde Marka Bağımlılığı Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Adıyaman Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: ASLAN Ramazan , ÖZBEYAZ Abdurrahman
Published: October 2019

Tüketicilerin satın alma
davranışlarını belirleyen faktörlerin başında marka gelmektedir. Satın alma
sürecinde marka etkisi oluşturmak, hem pazarlama maliyetlerini azaltma hem de
rakiplere karşı üstünlük sağlama açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmada satın alma
sürecinde marka etkisini ölçmek için bir anket çalışması yapılmış ve örneklem
olarak Adıyaman Üniversite’sinde öğrenimine devam eden 379 öğrenci tesadüfi
yöntemlerle seçilmiştir. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak iki kısımdan
oluşan bir anket formu kullanılmıştır. Birinci bölümde katılımcılara demografi,
ikinci kısımda ise farklı ürün kategorilerine ait markalar ile ilgili sorular
yöneltilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, akıllı telefonda ortalama kullanım ve
tercih oranları arasındaki farkın diğer ürün kategorilerinden daha yüksek olduğu
görülmektedir. Diğer ürün kategorilerinde de kullanılan ve tercih edilen
markalar arasında oransal olarak önemli farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Bu
durum bize markanın satın alma sürecinde önemli bir katkısının olduğunu
göstermektedir. Ayrıca, marka ve fiyatın satın alma sürecindeki etkisi cinsiyet
değişkenine göre incelendiğinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farkın olmadığı
sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Comparative Analysis of The Competitiveness of Turkey's Iron-Steel Industry
Authors: KESGİNGÖZ Hayrettin , DİLEK Serkan , YELDAN Muharrem
Published: October 2019

The values of the Grubel-Lloyd, Vollrath and CEP
indices are important indices used to show the countries' competitiveness
levels. Turkey wants to prove and maintain its presence in the iron and steel
sector, which has been the locomotive sector of industrialization for years.
Turkey's iron and steel industry competitiveness, to a comparative analysis
with other countries Grubel-Lloyd, volrath and Kip indices were calculated for
the years 2001-2017. As a result of analysis, Turkey; it operates in-industry
trade against the USA, Germany, China, Britain and Russia. In Addition, it has
a comparative advantage in the field of iron and steel and its competitiveness
is quite high. The country where we have the highest competitive power and
export share from these 5 countries is USA, considering the intra-industry
trade values. The USA is followed by China, Britain, Germany and Russia
respectively. In industrial trade, which is the feature of Industrialised
Country, Turkey sells significant amounts of iron-steel out and also buys it
from outside. Considering these analyses; In the iron and steel sector, which
is a capital intensive sector, iron-steel sector investments should be
encouraged in order to maintain the increase continue in competitiveness
observed against the USA, Germany, China, Britain and Russia and to increase
its competitiveness. For this, financial arrangements such as the necessary
infrastructure investments and tax incentives appear to be a viable policy.
Ekonomik Büyüme ile Vergi Gelirleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: POLAT Mehmet Ali
Published: October 2019

Çalışmada;
vergi gelirleri ile ekonomik büyüme kavramları arasındaki bağlantı, 1960-2018
dönemine ait veriler kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Serilerin durağanlığı; çoklu
yapısal kırılmalı birim kök testi, seriler arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin
varlığı; çoklu yapısal kırılmalı eşbütünleşme testi kullanılarak incelenmiştir.
Uzun dönem ve kısa dönem analizleri, kanonik regresyon analizi yöntemi
kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda; Türkiye’de, vergi
gelirleri ile ekonomik büyüme arasında kısa ve uzun dönemde, karşılıklı bir
etkileşim olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; ekonomi
büyürken artan milli gelire bağlı olarak vergi tahsilatı artmakta, vergi
gelirleri arttıkça da ekonomik büyüme hızlanmaktadır. Ulaşılan sonuçlardan
hareketle; Türkiye’de vergi gelirlerinin ekonomik büyümeyi destekleyici yönde
kullanıldığı ifade edilebilir.
Behaviour of confined rubberised concrete members under combined loading conditions
Authors: Bompa Dan V , Elghazouli Ahmed Y
Published: October 2019

This paper presents an experimental study into the fundamental response of reinforced concrete members, which incorporate rubber particles obtained from recycled tyres, subjected to combined axial–bending loading conditions. Tests on confined circular members with and without internal hoops or external fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets are described. The results show that the rubber particles enhance the confinement level activated, with confined/unconfined strength and deformation capacity ratios at least twice those of conventional concrete members. The hoop-confined members provided with 30% rubber developed a typical reinforced concrete behaviour, with relatively limited deformation capacity in comparison with FRP-confined members. The external confinement substantially enhanced the ultimate rotation of members incorporating 30% rubber, with ductility factors reaching up to ten for relatively small eccentricity levels. An increase in rubber content to 60% had a detrimental effect on the axial capacity, but increased the ultimate rotation up to twice in comparison with members with 30% rubber. Based on the test results, a design-oriented constitutive model for FRP-confined concrete and a variable confinement procedure for assessing the strength interaction of circular sections are proposed. The suggested procedures capture, in a realistic manner, the influence of rubber content on the strength and deformation characteristics of confined members.