bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Características de carcaça de codornas de corte alimentadas com diferentes níveis de proteína e energia
Authors: Vasconcelos Renan Costa , Pires Aldrin Vieira , Lima Heder José D'Avila , Ballotin Lucilia Maria Valadares , Veloso Rogério de Carvalho , Drumond Eduardo Silva Cordeiro , Gonçalves Flaviana Miranda
Published: February 2015

Objetivou-se estudar a influência de diferentes níveis de proteína bruta e energia metabolizável sobre as características de carcaça de codornas de corte. O delineamento foi em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial (5x3x2) com cinco níveis de proteína bruta (PB) (18; 20; 22; 24 e 26%), três níveis de energia metabolizável (EM) (2700; 2900 e 3100 Kcal EM/Kg) e dois sexos, com três repetições. As codornas foram criadas em gaiolas experimentais durante todo o período, sendo a ração fornecida à vontade. Duas aves de cada sexo, por unidade experimental, foram abatidas aos 50 dias, após jejum de 10 horas, para avaliação das características de peso: corporal ao abate, carcaça, peito, pernas, asa, fígado, moela e coração. Os modelos de regressão múltipla foram adotados como método de análise estatística. Não foi verificado efeito significativo (P>0,05) dos níveis de PB estudados sobre as características de carcaça, corte ou peso de vísceras, das codornas de corte de ambos os sexos, exceto para peso do coração. Maiores valores de características de carcaça de codornas de corte, machos e fêmeas da linhagem fêmea 2 (LF2) são obtidas com ração formulada com 18% PB e 2700 kcal EM/kg.
Alteração nas frações das proteínas miofibrilares e maciez do músculo Longissimus de bovinos no período post mortem
Authors: Santos Gilmara Bruschi , Ramos Paulo Roberto Rodrigues , Spim Jeison Solano
Published: February 2015

Objetivou-se com o estudo identificar por eletroforese as mudanças nas frações das proteínas musculares durante período postmortem de bovinos de diferentes grupos genéticos e analisar a maciez da carne em amostras resfriadas por 24 horas (não maturadas) e maturadas por 7 dias. Foram utilizadas amostras do musculo Longissimus de quarenta e oito bovinos pertencentes a 4 grupos genéticos: 12 Nelore; 12 cruzados ½ Nelore ½ Aberdeen-Angus x Brahman; 12 Brangus; 12 cruzados ½ nelore ½ Aberdeen-Angus x Pardo, submetidos ao modelo biológico superprecoce. De cada uma delas foram retiradas duas fatias, uma não foi maturada e a outra maturada por 7 dias, a 2ºC. Na análise da força de cisalhamento, tanto as amostras não maturadas, quanto as submetidas a 7 dias de maturação não diferiram quanto à maciez da carne, mas todas apresentaram maciez aceitável, o que pode ser explicado pela baixa idade dos animais no momento do abate, o que foi proporcionado pelo sistema de engorda a que estes animais foram submetidos. Na análise das bandas de proteínas da carne, medida pela eletroforese, notou-se degradação da cadeia pesada da miosina e da Troponina -T e o aparecimento do fragmento de 30 kDa para todos os grupos genéticos após o período de 7 dias de maturação.Todos os grupos genéticos apresentaram boa maciez da carne, independentemente do tempo de maturação.
Complexo multienzimático e probióticos na dieta de frangos de corte
Authors: Gewehr Clóvis Eliseu , Rosniecek Marcos , Follmann Diogo Davi , Cezaro Ana Maira de , Gerber Marcelo Silva , Schneider Aline Félix
Published: February 2015

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho zootécnico de frangos de corte alimentados com dietas com inclusão de complexo multienzimático e probióticos e sua inclusão com a redução de 3% nos níveis de energia e proteína. Foram utilizados 630 frangos de corte, no período de 14 a 42 dias de idade, submetidos a três dietas experimentais: dieta conforme exigências nutricionais (controle); dieta conforme exigências com inclusão de complexo multienzimático e probióticos (100 g/ton), e dieta com redução de 3% dos níveis de energia metabolizável (EM) e proteína bruta (PB) em relação às exigências com inclusão do aditivo (100g/ton). Observou-se maior (P<0,05) consumo de ração nas dietas com 3% de redução nos níveis de energia e proteína durante os períodos entre 14-21, 35-42 e 14-42 dias, enquanto que a dieta com adição do complexo levou a consumo semelhante (P>0,05) ao controle em todos os períodos analisados. As dietas com redução de energia e proteína diferiram do controle (P<0,05) em relação à conversão alimentar e peso vivo somente aos 21 dias de idade. No ganho de peso e índice bioeconômico não foram observadas diferenças (P>0,05). Nas fases de crescimento e terminação, a inclusão do complexo multienzimático e probióticos em dietas para frangos de corte, formuladas conforme exigência nutricional, não melhora o desempenho zootécnico. Com redução em 3% dos níveis de energia e proteína das rações em relação às exigências e inclusão do complexo multienzimático e probióticos, o consumo aumenta, entretanto o peso vivo, conversão alimentar, ganho de peso e índice bioeconômico não se alteram.
Fitase em dietas para frangos de corte de 1 a 21 dias alojados em ambientes com diferentes sistemas de climatização
Authors: Carvalho Filho Domingos Urquiza de , Figueirêdo Agustinho Valente de , Lopes João Batista , Costa Elvania Maria da Silva , Lima Daniela Cristina Pereira , Duarte Luis José
Published: February 2015

O experimento foi conduzido para avaliar o efeito da inclusão de diferentes níveis de fitase nas dietas de frangos de corte, alojados em ambientes com e sem nebulização, sobre as variáveis de desempenho, incorporação de proteína bruta, cálcio e fósforo na carcaça e os teores de nitrogênio, cálcio e fósforo na cama das aves no período de um a 21 dias de idade. Foram alojados 640 pintainhos em boxes distribuídos uniformemente em dois galpões, ambos equipados com ventiladores e apenas um continha nebulizadores. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5 x 2, cinco níveis de fitase: 0; 1000; 2000; 3000 e 4000 FTU/kg de ração, associados a dois ambientes (galpão com ventilação e nebulização e galpão com ventilação sem nebulização), quatro repetições e 16 aves por unidade experimental. As aves receberam dietas isonutritivas à base de milho e farelo de soja, formuladas para atender as exigências nutricionais, exceto para fósforo disponível, que foi reduzido em 20% da exigência. O ambiente com ventilação e nebulização melhora o ganho de peso, a viabilidade da criação e o índice de eficiência produtiva, além de aumentar a incorporação de proteína bruta e fósforo na carcaça. A suplementação de fitase até 4000 FTU/kg em dietas com redução de 20% do fósforo disponível aumenta o ganho de peso, o índice de eficiência produtiva e a incorporação de proteína bruta na carcaça, e reduz os teores de fósforo na cama.
Desempenho e características da carcaça de novilhos submetidos à suplementação na seca
Authors: Domingues Miguel Sales , Lupatini Gelci Carlos , Andrighetto Cristiana , Araújo Laura Costa Alves de , Cardassi Marianna Rosa , Polli Daniel , Medeiros Saulo Flaviano , Fonseca Ricardo da , Santos Juliana Aparecida Alves dos
Published: February 2015

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito de duas estratégias de suplementação no período seco sobre o desempenho e características da carcaça de novilhos terminados em capim-marandu. Foram utilizados 36 bovinos Nelore, machos, castrados, com peso inicial de 417 ± 10,7kg e idade média de 20 meses. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos e dezoito repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de sal mineral proteinado (SMP) fornecido ad libitum e da suplementação com concentrado (SC) com 0,5% do peso corporal (PC). Após abate, as carcaças foram pesadas, identificadas e resfriadas por 24 horas. Foram medidos rendimento de carcaça, área de olho de lombo, espessura de gordura subcutânea, pH e escore de marmorização. Os animais da SC apresentaram maior (P=0,00007) ganho de peso médio diário (0,562kg) e espessura de gordura subcutânea ajustada para 100kg de carcaça (1,7mm) em relação aos animais do SMP (0,395kg; 1,3mm), respectivamente, mas não diferiram (P>0,01) em relação ao peso de carcaça, rendimento de carcaça, área de olho de lombo, pH e marmorização. Conclui-se que a suplementação com concentrado durante o período seco proporciona maior ganho de peso médio diário e espessura de gordura subcutânea ajustada para 100kg de carcaça, antecipando a idade de abate e a utilização de sal mineral proteinado com massa de forragem adequada pode ser uma alternativa de suplementação devido menor exigência de estrutura, controle de consumo, menor mão-de-obra e maior facilidade no fornecimento.
Return of postpartum ovarian activity in dairy goats supplemented with different levels of energy
Authors: Nascimento Thiago Vinicius Costa , Miranda Mayara de Souza , Barros Celso Henrique Souza Costa , Souza Thaís Thatiane dos Santos , Lopes Júnior Edilson Soares , Voltolini Tadeu Vinhas , Moraes Salete Alves de , Nogueira Daniel Maia , Cordeiro Mabel Freitas
Published: February 2015

This study aimed to evaluate the return of post partum ovarian activity in dairy goats supplemented with different levels of energy during the dry period in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco. Twenty-four animals were allocated into four treatments of six animals each: Control, consisting of goats that had access to pasture and only received 4 kg of fresh palm, and three groups with isoproteic supplementation (20% Crude Protein), ranging in TDN content of 65%, 75% and 85%. The daily milk yield showed a linear growth behavior (P <0.05) since day 35th postpartum, when the animals recovered the weight gain and body condition score after 14 and 21 days postpartum, respectively, with slight weight gain in 75% and 85% treatments. Among the reproductive parameters, uterine involution and return to estrus activity showed a decrease in the number of days associated with the higher energy levels (P <0.05). The emergence of the 1st follicles > 2 mm occurred around 33 days postpartum and the maximum diameter of the pre-ovulatory follicle was 5,41mm. These results were not influenced by treatments (P> 0.05). We concluded that the supplementation with different levels of energy promoted a positive effect, as increased productive parameters and reduced the number of days for the reestablishment of the reproductive parameters postpartum; for instance, uterine involution, return to estrus and consequently return of ovarian activity postpartum.
Dos igarapés da Amazônia para o outro lado do Atlântico: a expansão e internacionalização do Santo Daime no contexto religioso global
Authors: Assis Glauber Loures de , Labate Beatriz Caiuby
Published: February 2015

Este artigo analisa os processos de expansão da religião ayahuasqueira do Santo Daime da Amazônia para o mundo. O crescimento e internacionalização daimistas são explicados em função de suas características estruturais, a psicoatividade e miscibilidade. Essa expansão é contextualizada dentro do movimento diaspórico das religiões do sul global, isto é, responde ao crescente papel do Brasil e da América Latina no cenário religioso global contemporâneo. Tal crescimento, contudo, foi conflituoso e permeado de tensões nos vários locais em que ocorreu. A expansão também produziu varias consequências nas comunidades tradicionais amazônicas. Argumenta-se que a internacionalização do Santo Daime ilustra as controvérsias e ambivalências religiosas de nosso tempo, estimulando o debate sobre questões fundamentais relacionadas ao contexto religioso global e à própria modernidade.
Georges Bataille, Michel Leiris e a experiência do sagrado no entreguerras
Authors: Goyatá Júlia Vilaça
Published: February 2015

O presente artigo tem como objetivo elucidar os usos e sentidos da noção de sagrado nas formulações teóricas e nas trajetórias intelectuais de Georges Bataille (1897-1962) e Michel Leiris (1901-1990) na Paris dos anos 1930. Em meio às diversas experiências estético-políticas da época, que questionavam as possíveis formas da ação política tendo em vista sua ligação com a arte, destaca-se a proposta do Collège de Sociologie (1937-1939), associação animada pelos autores junto a Roger Caillois (1913-1978). O grupo toma o sagrado em dupla articulação: ao mesmo tempo que conceito descritivo, ele passa a ser entendido também como um operador político. Tal ideia é o ponto de partida para as reflexões conjugadas e ao mesmo tempo originais de Bataille e Leiris.
El desempeño de los partidos confesionales católicos en Argentina: una revisión crítica
Authors: Prieto Sol
Published: February 2015

El objetivo de este trabajo es de tipo exploratorio y consiste en indagar críticamente en las diversas interpretaciones que la literatura reciente ha dado al escaso éxito electoral y organizativo de los partidos confesionales católicos en la historia argentina. El interrogante acerca del desempeño de estas fuerzas políticas resulta relevante dado que si bien Latinoamérica es una región marcada por el catolicismo como hecho religioso pero también como fenómeno cultural y político - visible a través de la incursión institucionalizada de los actores religiosos en la discusión política como en el caso brasilero y la importancia en el campo electoral de la Democracia Cristiana (DC) en muchos países de la región - en Argentina se detecta una irrelevante presencia de los partidos confesionales católicos en la arena electoral y la inexistencia de una banca confesional. Para ello, se examina la literatura reciente sobre el fenómeno y se relevan los resultados de los partidos confesionales en el país desde 1914 hasta la actualidad.
Missão Midiática afrikania: representando a “religião tradicional afrikana” na esfera pública cristã em Gana
Authors: Witte Marleen de
Published: February 2015

No campo de estudos de religião e mídia, a importância da comunicação de massa está bem estabelecida para as religiões globalizadas tais como o cristianismo e o islamismo, mas o mesmo não se verifica com relação às religiões nativas africanas. O presente artigo busca preencher essa lacuna investigando as atividades de mídia de um movimento religioso neo-tradicional em Gana, a Missão Afrikania. Ao analisar a posição cambiante de Afrikania na esfera pública em relação a mudanças nos cenários político, religioso e midiático de Gana, demonstro como novos constrangimentos e oportunidades levaram Afrikania a adaptar suas estratégias de acesso à mídia e seus estilos de representação. A política de representação da Afrikania é complexificada pela sua posição delicada entre uma esfera pública de hegemonia cristã e as práticas dos sacerdotes e sacerdotisas que ela visa representar.
Longitudinal Changes in Dental Fear and Coping Behavior in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults with Cleft Lip and/or Cleft Palate
Authors: Krikken Janneke B. , de Jongh Ad , Veerkamp Jaap S.J. , Vogels Wilma , ten Cate Jacob M. , van Wijk Arjen J.
Published: February 2015

Objective

To determine changes in dental anxiety levels of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) children and to explore the role of coping strategies in the development of their dental anxiety.

Design

Prospective study.

Setting

Free University Medical Center Amsterdam.

Patients

A sample of CL/P children (at T1: n = 153, 4 to 18 years, 67 girls; at T2: n = 113, 7 to 21 years, 51 girls). Data were available at both time points for 102 children.

Measures

Dental anxiety and coping strategies were assessed at the start of the study (T1; mean age: 9.8 years, standard deviation 4.1) and 3 years later (T2; mean age: 13.4 years, standard deviation 3.8). These scores were compared to a normative group of Dutch children.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The severity of dental anxiety was indexed using the Parental Version of the Dental Subscale of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule. Dental coping strategies were assessed with the Dental Cope Questionnaire.

Results

Overall, dental anxiety decreased to a level equal to normative scores of Dutch children. However, 5% of the children became more anxious. At T2, children used significantly fewer coping strategies. Children whose level of dental anxiety increased significantly used more destructive coping strategies than children whose level of dental anxiety decreased significantly or remained stable.

Conclusions

Results suggest that dental anxiety levels of most CL/P children gradually decline over time. Whereas some coping strategies have the potential to be protective, more destructive coping strategies may put children at greater risk for developing and maintaining their dental anxiety.
Evaluation of Facial Appearance in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate by Laypeople and Professionals: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Zhu Shiwen , Jayaraman Jayakumar , Khambay Balvinder
Published: February 2015

Objective

To identify whether laypeople and professionals rate the facial appearance of patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) similarly based on viewing full facial images.

Design

Several electronic databases were searched. A hand search was performed among reference lists and relevant journals. Studies that assessed the full facial appearance of patients with CLP based on two-dimensional (2D) photographs, 3D images, or clinical examination by laypeople and professionals using a visual analog scale (VAS) or a categorical rating scale were included. Two authors independently assessed articles using methodologic-quality scoring protocol.

Result

Eleven articles were included in qualitative synthesis, including four high-level and seven moderate-level papers. Three studies found that laypeople were more critical than professionals, three found there was no significant difference between laypeople and professionals, and five reported that professionals were more critical than laypeople when assessing facial appearance of patients with CLP.

Conclusions

It still remains unknown whether laypeople are more or less critical than professionals when rating facial appearance of patients with repaired CLP. Professionals are more familiar with the esthetic outcomes and difficulties of treating patients. The opposite maybe true for laypeople; this disparity between what is achievable by professionals and what is expected by laypeople may be a source of dissatisfaction in facial appearance outcome. Further well-designed studies should be carried out to address this question and the clinical significance of the difference in rating scores for patients with CLP.
Adults’ Narratives of Growing up with a Cleft Lip and/or Palate: Factors Associated with Psychological Adjustment
Authors: Stock Nicola Marie , Feragen Kristin Billaud , Rumsey Nichola
Published: February 2015

Background

Growing up with a cleft lip and/or palate presents a number of challenges for those affected and their families. Understanding why some individuals cope well while others struggle is key to psychological research in this field. A better appreciation of the factors and processes that contribute to psychological adjustment to cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) from the patient perspective would be of value to both researchers and clinicians.

Design

Qualitative data elicited from individual interviews with 52 adults born with CL/P.

Result

Inductive thematic analysis identified three main themes: “background” factors (age, gender, sexual orientation, culture, additional conditions, socioeconomic status, and adoption), “external” factors (treatment autonomy, familial coping and support, salience, public understanding, psychological input, and peer support), and “internal” psychological factors (perceptions of difference, noticeability and teasing, social confidence, internalization of beauty ideals, valence, expectations of treatment, responding to challenges, social comparisons, acceptance, faith, dispositional style, and recognition of strengths and positive growth).

Conclusions

The number and breadth of factors identified in this study are testament to the importance of psychology in the field of CL/P and may offer guidance in relation to developing and assessing the value of psychological interventions. There is a clear role for psychologists in tackling appearance-related concerns, designing materials, supporting patient decision making, and improving social interaction, as well as providing specialist psychological support. The findings illustrate the potential degree of individual variation in perspectives and offer insight into the conflicting results found within current literature.
Features of developing co-ordinating flairs of schoolchildren of senior classes
Authors: Марченко С. І. , Якименко О. С.
Published: February 2015

The features of developing co-ordinating flairs of schoolchildren of senior classes are examined in the article. Research aim — to define the features of developing co-ordinating flairs for the schoolchildren of senior classes. Research : methods are a method of analysis and generalization of literary sources, method of pedagogical supervisions, methods of mathematical statistics. Conclusions. Level of developing co-ordinating flairs for schoolchildren 9—11 classes on the whole are at middle level. In the age-related aspect for girls 9 and 10 classes a difference in the results of testing statistically is not reliable, for guys 10 class more developed capacities for adaptation and alteration of motive actions and developing a flair to the orientation in space what for guys 9 class. For girls 11 class more developed capacities for adaptation and alteration of motive actions and developing a flair to the orientation in space what for girls 10 class. For guys 11 and 10 class of разлычия in the results of testing statistically not for certain. In a sexual aspect, the best result was shown by guys what girls. In a 9 class for guys more developed capacities for adaptation and alteration of motive actions. In a 10 class for guys more developed capacities for the estimation of spatio-temporal and dynamic parameters of motion and developing a flair to the orientation in space. In a 11 class for guys more developed capacities for adaptation and alteration of motive actions.
GPU Acceleration for Geomechanical Simulations
Authors: Woodhams P. , Jönsthövel T. , Walsh D. , Pearce A. , Preisser D.
Published: February 2015

Geomechanical models of commercial reservoirs comprise hundreds of thousands to millions of grid cells. These lead to large systems of linear equations. The solution of these systems is time consuming and, in most cases, dominates the total runtime of geomechanical simulations (70 to 80% of the total runtime). In this paper, we will present a solution for accelerating the linear solver by combining a state of the art deflation algorithm with GPU technology to achieve a speed-up of 4 to 5 times for geomechanical simulations. In this paper, we will include details of both the deflation algorithm for geomechanics and our GPU implementation. We will conclude by presenting the numerical results obtained.
Implementation of a Preprocessor for Embedded Discrete Fracture Modeling in an IMPEC Compositional Reservoir Simulator
Authors: de Araujo Cavalcante Filho Jose Sergio , Shakiba Mahmood , Moinfar Ali , Sepehrnoori Kamy
Published: February 2015

The Embedded Discrete Fracture Model (EDFM) is a promising new method used to explicitly model high-level inhomogeneities such as conductive faults or fractures. The EDFM formulation can be used to model naturally fractured reservoirs (NFR) and unconventional reservoirs through also in a triple porosity model composed of hydraulic fractures, natural fractures, and matrix domains for simulation of unconventional reservoirs. Using non-neighboring connections, the EDFM approach was implemented in an IMPEC compositional reservoir simulator (UTCOMP). A preprocessing code was developed to convert the discrete natural/hydraulic fractures into a data set to be used by the simulator, which allows more realistic representation of fractured reservoirs. Compared to previous studies, the developed preprocessing code introduces additional features to better represent structural properties of matrix and fractures, such as implementation of Odas permeability tensor formulation for modeling permeability anisotropy, partial penetration of fractures into the grid, partial intersection of fractures, and calculation of equivalent properties using the definition of density of fractures for conventional dual porosity/dual permeability simulation. The preprocessing code is also capable of handling the data generated by commercial geological modeling softwares. Both the updated UTCOMP and preprocessing code were validated against in-house fully implicit simulator (GPAS) and fine-grid models using commercially available reservoir simulators. Simulation run time was improved by applying a porosity cut-off in the fracture cells, upon which constant fracture conductivity was assumed. Validation case studies include multi-fractured wells producing through depletion and a 2D quarter five-spot production scheme (water and miscible gas injection) in NFR. Moreover, the updated UTCOMP was further used for application case studies including 3D models and considering miscible gas injection for different, geological scenarios: horizontal, dipping, and anticline fractured reservoirs. Both continuous gas and water alternating gas (WAG) injection were evaluated. The validation studies show good agreement between EDFM and fine-grid models. Results show that the effect of fractures on hydrocarbon production depends on fracture network connectivity, which can be properly modeled using the preprocessing code integrates with a numerical simulator capable of handling non-neighboring connections.
Modeling from Reservoir to Export: A Compositional Approach for Integrated Asset Model of Different Gas Fields in North Kuwait Jurassic Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Torrens Richard , Daoud Ahmed , Amari Mustafa , Sharifzadeh Ahmad , Prakash Roshan , Al-Enzi Bashayer , Dashti Qasem
Published: February 2015

A project was undertaken to construct an overview to build an integrated asset model (IAM) of an onshore fractured carbonate gas condensate and volatile oil asset in Northern Kuwait that is considered the first gas asset discovered in Kuwait. The asset has the potential to produce from six distributed fields producing from four hydrocarbon-bearing structures. The development strategy calls for extensive drilling and facilities expansion to increase and sustain production with the potential addition of depletion compression to further sustain the plateau. Because the reservoirs are highly compartmentalized, they are split into 19 separate models. Production is through three surface facilities, fluids vary significantly across the field from sour gas condensate to volatile oil, and it is important to consider the impact of reservoir deliverability, facilities capacity, and surface backpressure when evaluating different development scenarios.

A novel IAM was constructed that integrates reservoirs, wells, pipelines, and facilities models into an integration platform. The IAM comprises 19 black oil dual porosity reservoir models coupled to a compositional network model via black oil delumping to convert the subsurface rates into six-components composition. A split table (compositional delumping) is then used to convert the six-components composition to 35 surface components to be used in the equation-of-state (EOS) surface network models to estimate the composition at each point at the surface (inlet and outlet of each facility). Then the network model is coupled to surface facilities modeling to estimate the rates and composition at the export level. This idea of mapping the subsurface fluid from black oil at subsurface to compositional at surface reduces the subsurface running time and makes the IAM more feasible from the running time perspective.

The IAM has highlighted several differences versus the stand-alone modeling and the coupled modeling at the surface only. First, more accurate accounting for backpressure results in an increase in the plateau. Second, a production forecast for each facility gives a detailed analysis of production and the number of wells for each facility. Finally, detailed compositional information becomes available at all points in the surface network, which is important input to the facilities design.
Direct Simulation Monte Carlo Method in Porous Media with Varying Knudsen Number
Authors: Christou Chariton , Kokou Dadzie S.
Published: February 2015

Shale and tight gas reservoirs consist of porous structures with pore diameter in the range of some mm to μm. At these scales, the pore diameter becomes comparable to the gas mean free path. Flows in these structures fail often in the transition and slip regimes. Standard continuum fluid methods such as the Navier-Stokes-Fourrier set of equations fail to describe flows of these regimes. We present a Direct Simulation Monte Carlo study of a 3D porous structure in an unlimited parallel simulation. The three-dimensional geometry was obtained using a microcomputed–tomography (micro-CT) scanner with a resolution in the scale of some μm. The gas considered is CH4 (100%) and the gas inter-molecular collision model for the simulation is the variable hard sphere (VHS). We present results for different Knudsen numbers. The DSMC is applied in porous structures for the flow regimes where it was found in the cavity case to be appropriate. Our results demonstrate that significant differences appear in gas properties depending on the Knudsen number and the flow regime.
Evaluation of approaches for consumers to eliminate chlorine off-flavors from drinking water at point-of-use
Authors: Qian Yichao , Wang Wei , Li Xing-Fang , Hrudey Steve E.
Published: February 2015

Chlorine off-flavors of tap water have caused dissatisfaction and distrust from some consumers, placing pressure on operators concerning water disinfection. Evaluating practical approaches for eliminating chlorinous off-flavors by consumers at point-of-use while avoiding production of toxic byproducts is a practical concern. Three recognized dechlorination methods: ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, ascorbic acid (AA) and hydrogen peroxide (HP), were evaluated for chlorinated and chloraminated waters. AA is the most efficient for removing free chlorine and chloramine from water samples. Three new chlorine-containing compounds were detected and identified from the reaction between AA and chlorine. High doses of UV irradiation at 254 nm virtually eliminated chlorine. HP could effectively remove free chlorine but was not effective for chloramine elimination. AA shows promise as a practical household dechlorination agent. However, to assure consumers about drinking water safety, further investigation is needed to evaluate any potential toxicity concerns for reaction products in treated water.
An Analysis of the Vibration Characteristics of Automotive Exhaust
Systems and Optimization of Suspension Points
Authors: Min Xu Jian , Zhou Shuiting , xuan Chen Shui
Published: February 2015

In order to reduce the impact of automotive exhaust systems on the vehicle vibration, finite element modal
analyses of the exhaust system of a motor vehicle are conducted in its natural state, partially constraints state and fully
constraints state. The natural frequencies and mode shapes of the exhaust system are obtained. The harmonic analysis is
conducted on the basis of the modal analysis. The results show that: the vibration amplitude of the exhaust system at lowspeed
operating condition is relatively bigger than that of the exhaust system in high-speed conditions. The excitation
frequency of the engine at the idle and economy speed can avoid the natural frequency of the exhaust system, so it can be
stated that the system has good dynamic characteristics. Suspension points on the exhaust system are optimized and the
optimal mounting points are located based on the method of the average drive DOF displacement (ADDOFD). The study
has practical significance for reducing the vibration of automobile exhaust systems and the vehicle.
Undergraduate Psychology Students’ Perceptions About the Use of ICT for Health Purposes
Authors: Nieto Rubén , Boixadós Mercè , Aumatell Eva , Huguet Anna , Hernández Eulàlia
Published: February 2015

Objective:

Information and communication technologies (ICT) have great potential for health care. In this study
we explore undergraduate psychology students’ perceptions about different specific uses of ICT for health (i.e. online
interventions, health information websites, telehealth and online social networks).

A total of 113 students answered an online survey designed to gather their perceptions about the use of these four types of
interventions for health purposes.

Results:

Results showed that online interventions and telehealth were assessed as the best ways of using ICT for health,
while the worst way was using social networks for health. The most frequently mentioned advantages were related to the
fact that ICT can help with access to information and/or treatments, and that they are comfortable. The most frequently
mentioned disadvantages were related to the quality of the information (for social networks and health information
websites) and the fact that they were considered impersonal (for telehealth and online interventions).

Conclusions:

Students were not very enthusiastic about the use of ICT for health. Education is needed to change these
perceptions and increase the likelihood that they will incorporate ICT in their future practice.
Mortality Salience Increases Belief in a Just World but Not Schadenfreude
in Response to a Natural Disaster Affecting a Religious Out-group
Authors: F. Bassett Jonathan , L. Cate Kelly
Published: February 2015

This study examined the hypothesis derived from Terror Management Theory that reminders of death would
influence both belief in a just world and Schadenfreude, in response to reading about members of a religious out-group
affect by a natural disaster. Christian students (N = 88, Mage = 19.9) were primed with thoughts of death or dental pain
before reading about a natural disaster that destroyed either a Christian Church or an Islamic Mosque. Participants then
completed measures of belief in a just world and schadenfreude. Mortality salience did not affect schadenfreude but social
desirability may have masked this effect. Mortality salience did increase beliefs in a just world when a natural disaster
affected a religious out-group, suggesting that cultural worldview may be buttressed by evidence that bad things happen to
proponents of opposing belief systems.
Population-Based Age Group Specific Annual Incidence Rates of Symptomatic Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Saari Jukka M
Published: February 2015

Purpose

To study the population-based annual incidence rates of exudative, dry and all cases of symptomatic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in different age and sex groups.

Methods.

This is a one year, prospective, population-based study on all consecutive new patients with AMD in the hospital district of Central Finland. The diagnosis was confirmed in all patients with slit lamp biomicroscopy, optical coherence tomography (OCT) using a Spectralis HRA + OCT device, and the Heidelberg Eye Explorer 1.6.2.0 program. Fluorescein angiograms were taken when needed.

Results.

The population-based annual incidence rates of all cases of symptomatic AMD increased from 0.03% (95% CI, 0.01-0.05%) in the age group 50-59 years to 0.82% (95% CI, 0.55-1.09%) in the age group 85-89 years and were 0.2% (95% CI, 0.17-0.24%) in exudative, 0.11% (95% CI, 0.09-0.14%) in dry, and 0.32% (95% CI, 0.28-0.36%) in all cases of AMD in the age group 60 years and older. During the next 20 years in Central Finland the population-based annual incidence rates can be estimated to increase to 0.27% (95% CI, 0.24-0.30%) in exudative, to 0.13% (95% CI, 0.11-0.15%) in dry, and to 0.41% (95% CI, 0.37-0.45%) in all cases of AMD in the age group 60 years and older. The population-based annual incidence of AMD did not show statistically significant differences between males and females (p>0.1).

Conclusion:

The population-based age-group specific annual incidence rates of symptomatic AMD of this study may help to plan health care provision for patients of AMD.
Evaluation of Machinability in Turning of Engineering Alloys by Applying Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Vaxevanidis Nikolaos M. , Kechagias John D. , Fountas Nikolaos A. , Manolakos Dimitrios E.
Published: February 2015

The present paper investigates the influence of main cutting parameters on the machinability during turning
process for three typical materials namely AISI D6 tool steel, Ti6Al4V ELI and CuZn39Pb3 brass, all three under dry
cutting environment. Spindle speed, feed rate and depth of cut were selected for study whilst arithmetic surface roughness
average (Ra) and main cutting force component (FC) were treated as quality objectives characterizing machinability. For
the aforementioned materials a full factorial design of experiments was conducted to exploit main effects and interactions
among parameters it terms of quality objectives. The results obtained from dry turning experiments were utilized as a data
set to test, train and validate a feed-forward back propagation artificial neural network for machinability prediction
regarding all three materials. The work presents the results obtained from the aforementioned experimental effort under an
extensive state-of-the-art survey concerning neural network technology and implementation to machining optimization
problems.
Possible factors of success in teaching esophageal speech
Authors: Kresic Sanja , Veselinovic Mila , Mumovic Gordana , Mitrovic Slobodan
Published: February 2015

Introduction. Well-established esophageal voice and speech is the most
human-like form of communication of laryngectomized patients. Material and
Methods. The study sample consisted of 28 patients of the Department of Ear,
Nose and Throat, Clinical Center of Vojvodina in Novi Sad. All patients
underwent total laryngectomy because of laryngeal cancer previously
confirmed. The patients were divided into two groups based on the success of
mastering esophageal voice and speech, group 1 being successful and group 2
being unsuccessful. Results. All patients were subjected to total
laryngectomy and had their hyoid bone removed (100%). Esophageal speech was
rated excellent and good in 71% and 29% of patients from group 1,
respectively. There was no significant difference between the successful
(group 1) and unsuccessful group (group 2) in time when teaching began (c2
=5.14, p=0.023). Neither was there a statistically significant difference
between these two groups regarding the methods applied in teaching esophageal
speech (c2 = 2.02, p=0.155, which is greater than 0.05). Conclusion. The
effectiveness of teaching esophageal speech depends significantly on the
motivation of the patients. It was found that the patients who mastered
esophageal speech successfully had been learning it longer than those who did
not master it. The success in mastering esophageal speech did not depend on
whether the patients were trained individually or collectively, whereas
neither method of training was successful in group 2.
Micromorphological characterization of adhesive interface of sound dentin and total-etch and self-etch adhesives
Authors: Drobac Milan , Stojanac Igor , Ramic Bojana , Premovic Milica , Petrovic Ljubomir
Published: February 2015

Introduction. The ultimate goal in restorative dentistry has always been to
achieve strong and permanent bond between the dental tissues and filling
materials. It is not easy to achieve this task because the bonding process is
different for enamel and dentin - dentin is more humid and more organic than
enamel. It is moisture and organic nature of dentin that make this hard
tissue very complex to achieve adhesive bond. One of the first and most
widely used tools for examining the adhesive bond between hard dental tissues
and composite restorative materials is scanning electron microscopy. The aim
of this study was scanning electron microscopy analyzes the interfacial micro
morphology of total-etch and self-etch adhesives. Material and Methods. Micro
morphological characteristics of interface between totaletch adhesive (Prime
& Bond NT) in combination with the corresponding composite (Ceram X Mono)
were compared with those of self-etching adhesive (AdheSE One) in combination
with the corresponding composite (Tetric EvoCeram). The specimens were
observed under 1000 x magnification of scanning electron microscopy (JEOL,
JSM-6460 Low Vacuum). Measurement of the thickness of the hybrid layer of the
examined composite systems was performed with the software of the device used
(NIH Image ?nalyser). Results. Micromorphological analysis of interface
showed that the hybrid layer in sound dentin was well formed, its average
thickness being 2.68 ?m, with a large number of resin tags and a large amount
of lateral branches for specimens with a composite system Prime & Bond NT -
Ceram X Mono. However, the specimens with composite systems Adhese One -
Tetric EvoCeram did not show the presence of hybrid layer and the resin tags
were poorly represented. Conclusion. The results of this study suggest that
total-etch adhesives bond better with sound dentin than self-etch adhesives.
Risk factors of the first stroke
Authors: Djuricic Sinisa , Zikic Rabi , Zikic Milorad
Published: February 2015

Introduction. This study was aimed at investigating the vascular risk factors
associated with the first stroke. It highlighted unfavorable trends in stroke
mortality in the region gravitating towards the general hospital in Doboj.
Material and Methods. The study included all patients hospitalized with the
diagnosis of first stroke and their main vascular risk factors were explored,
both in terms of their importance in the occurrence of stroke, and in terms
of gender and age lines. The research results were statistically processed,
analyzed and commented on. Results. The most common risk factor for the first
stroke included hypertension (70%), smoking (35%), heart diseases (28%),
diabetes mellitus (28%), hyperlipoproteinemia (26%), atrial fibrillation
(18.5%) and immoderate consumption of alcohol (17%). Conclusion. The presence
of vascular risk factors in the majority of patients is important, and at
least one of them was present in 80% of patients. Alcohol consumption,
smoking and hyperlipoproteinemia were significantly more freqeunt in men, and
atrial fibrillation was more frequent in women. Arterial hypertension, heart
disease and diabetes mellitus were present in both sexes without a
significant difference.
Patellar tendon rupture - treatment results
Authors: Kovacev Nemanja , Antic Jelena , Gvozdenovic Nemanja , Obradovic Mirko , Vranjes Miodrag , Milankov Miroslav
Published: February 2015

Introduction. Patellar tendon rupture is a rare injury which, if missed,
leads to delayed surgical treatment and may result in the loss of the knee
joint function. The aim of this study was to report our results of operative
treatment of the patellar tendon rupture and point out the significance of
timely diagnosis and surgical procedure. Material and Methods. This
retrospective tenyear study included 20 patients, 15 males and 5 females,
their mean age being 42 (20-84) years. Seven participants had an injury on
the right side and 13 had an injury on the left side. Thirteen participants
had the diagnosis set in the first seven days after the injury. The applied
techniques were surgical suture of the tendon, bone-tendon-bone
ligamentoplasty using allograft from a bone bank and bone-tendon-bone
ligamentoplasty using contralateral autograft, and they were performed in 12,
5 and 3 patients, respectively. The treatment results were assessed by using
the Lysholm score, measuring the range of movement in the knee joint and
measuring the girth of the thigh 10 cm above the patella. Results. The
follow-up period after the surgery was 4 years on average (1-10 years) and
the average value of the Lysholm score was 83 (27-100). The result was found
to be excellent in 11 cases, satisfactory in 5 cases and unsatisfactory in 4.
A statistically significant difference (p=0.0197 p<0.05) was found in the
average values of the Lysholm score between the group of patients with risk
factors (71.78) and the subjects without risk factors (92.18). A
statistically significant difference (p=0.008 p<0.01) was found in the
Lysholm score between the patients with timely diagnosis (91.62) and cases of
chronic tendon tear (67). Conclusion. Timely diagnosis and early surgical
reparation are the basic imperatives in the treatment of this injury.
Comorbidity and risk factors are related to a poorer postoperative Lysholm
score. The method of choice is early surgical treatment.
18F-fluorideoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging: Artifacts and pitfalls
Authors: Mihailovic Jasna , Matovina Emil , Nikoletic Katarina
Published: February 2015

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose, being a radiolabeled glucose analogue, is a marker of
glucose metabolism indicator. Since glucose uptake is increased in malignant
tumors, its major application is in oncology. However, an increased 18F-
fluorodeoxyglucose uptake is found in various benign tumors, granulomatous
diseases, tuberculosis, inflammation, infection. A healing process may be
interpreted as a false positive finding. In contrast, some types of renal
cell cancers and lymphomas, neuroendocrine tumors, colonic mucinous
adenocarcinomata, hepatocellular carcinomas, prostate cancer, and carcinoid
tumors have low 18Ffluorodeoxyglucose avidity which may give a misleading
false negative result. In addition, an increased 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose
uptake in the bone marrow may be seen in oncologycal patients following
various types of therapy. Besides the advantages of hybrid positron emission
tomography-computed tomography imaging, this dual-modality scanning may
produce their own specific artifacts due to different causes, such as
metallic implants, respiratory motion, contrast medium and truncation. Proper
patient preparation is required to minimize the potential artifactual uptake
patterns that make reporting difficult. It is important to learn about proper
quality control, imaging and reconstruction and to be familiar with potential
artifacts and pitfalls for the accurate interpretation of
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography.
Solitary synovial chondromatosis as a cause of Hoffa’s fat pad impingement
Authors: Maljanovic Mirsad , Ristic Vladimir , Rasovic Predrag , Matijevic Radmila , Milankov Vukadin
Published: February 2015

Introduction. Synovial chondromatosis is a benign disease of synovial
membrane usually affecting knee, elbow and shoulder joints. It rarely appears
as a solitary formation and exceptionally within Hoffa?s fat pad. Case
Report. We report a case of solitary synovial chondromatosis within Hoffa?s
fat pad as a cause of its impingement in a female patient aged 63. At first,
the patient had anterior knee pain with limited extension of the knee.
Standard radiogram showed only mild patellofemoral osteoarthritic changes.
Magnetic resonance of the knee showed ovoid solitary formation within Hoffa?s
fat pad repressing its superior part between the kneecap and distal femur.
Histopathological examination confirmed a case of extra-articular synovial
chondromatosis. The tumorous mass was extracted surgically en bloc.
Conclusion. Solitary synovial chondromatosis is an uncommon cause of Hoffa?s
fat pad impingement and anterior knee pain in elderly female patients and can
easily be misinterpreted as a different diagnosis.
Thermal protection of electronic devices with the Nylon6/66-PEG nanofiber membranes
Authors: Li Ya , Li Xue-Weis , He Ji-Huan , Wang Ping
Published: February 2015

Phase change materials for thermal energy storage have been widely applied to
clothing insulation, electronic products of heat energy storage. The thermal
storage potential of the nanofiber membranes was analyzed using the
differential scanning calorimetry. Effect of microstructure of the membrane
on energy storage was analyzed, and its applications to electronic devices
were elucidated.
Fabrication of nanoporous fibers via bubble electrospinning
Authors: Liu Fu-Juan , He Ji-Huan , Chen Rou-Xi , Xu Lan , Wang Ping
Published: February 2015

A direct approach to fabrication of nanoporous fibers via bubble
electrospinning is demonstrated. Solvent evaporation is a key factor for
nanopore formation, and a theoretical model is established and analyzed. The
paper elucidates a theoretical basis for the controllable preparation of
nanoporous fibers.