bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
General Practitioner Experiences Using a Low Back Pain Management Booklet Aiming to Decrease Non-indicated Imaging for Low Back Pain
Authors: Jenkins Hazel J , Moloney Niamh A , French Simon D , Maher Chris G , Dear Blake F , Magnussen John S , Hancock Mark J
Published: August 2020

Background Imaging is overused in the management of low back pain and effective interventions to decrease use have not been developed. An intervention, incorporating a low back pain management booklet and practitioner training session, to reduce non-indicated imaging for low back pain has been developed based on theories of behaviour change. This study aimed to explore general medical practitioner experiences using the low back pain management booklet in clinical practice to 1) determine the adoption, feasibility of use, and appropriateness of the booklet; and 2) identify implementation strategies to address barriers to use.Methods Fourteen general medical practitioners were recruited and trained to use the booklet with low back pain patients over a minimum five-month period. Quantitative data on use of the booklet were collected and analysed descriptively. Qualitative data were collected in general medical practitioner interviews and thematically analysed. Barriers to use were identified and mapped to suitable implementation strategies using the Behaviour Change Wheel. Results The 14 general medical practitioners used the booklet with 73 patients. General medical practitioners thought using the booklet helped improve patient management and helped reduce pressure to refer for non-indicated imaging. Facilitators for using the booklet included patient’s requesting imaging and lower practitioner confidence in managing low back pain. Barriers included accessible storage and remembering to use the booklet. Implementation strategies were identified to increase adoption and feasibility of use, including development of a digital version of the booklet.Conclusions General medical practitioners reported that the low back pain management booklet was useful for clinical practice, particularly with patients requesting imaging. Barriers to use were identified and implementation strategies to address these barriers will be incorporated into future effectiveness studies. This study forms one of a series of studies to develop and test an intervention to reduce non-indicated imaging for low back pain; a successful intervention would decrease healthcare costs and improve patient management.
Anteroposterior Lumbar Spine X-ray of L5 Lamina for Evaluation of Lower Lumbar Disc Herniation in Young Adults
Authors: Jin Lin , Zhang Li , Guo Jialiang , Zhang Ruipeng , Yin Yingchao , Hou Zhiyong , Zhang Yingze
Published: August 2020

Background: Plain radiographs are rarely used in the diagnostic evaluation of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). The L5 lamina is the important skeletal structure at the back of the lower lumbar vertebra. This study investigated the association between the height of L5 lamina under anteroposterior lumbar spine X-ray and lower LDH, to determine its significance to the onset of LDH in young adults.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 160 patients aged 18 to 39 years with lower LDH and 160 healthy controls. The anteroposterior lumbar spine X-ray was used to image features of the L5 lamina. The height of L5 lamina (“h”) and of the space between L4 and S1 lamina (“H”) were measured. The difference in height of L5 lamina in each study group was assessed as the ratio of “h/H”. Results: There was no significant difference in sex, age, occupation type, body mass index (BMI), family history or smoking status (p>0.05) between LDH group and the control group. The mean ratio (95% CI) of “h/H” in LDH and control group was 0.28 (0.26, 0.31) and 0.35 (0.32, 0.38) respectively, with statistical difference (p<0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of “h/H” ratio was investigated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The area under the curve was 0.835 (95% CI 0.789, 0.881), using a cut-off of 0.315 (sensitivity 0.806, specificity 0.794). A decrease in the “h/H” ratio, showed an increasing linear trend in the protrusion proportion of L4/5 segments (Z=5.943, p<0.05).Conclusions: The onset of lower LDH in young adults is related to the developmental difference in L5 Lamina. Young adults with developmental defects of L5 lamina are more likely to develop lower LDH. Assessment of “h/H” ratio could be used for evaluation or prediction of asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic lower LDH in young adults.
Suppression of TGF-beta activity with remobilization attenuates immobilization-induced joint contracture in rats
Authors: Mao Dong , Mi Jingyi , Pan Xiaoyun , Li Fengfeng , Rui Yongjun
Published: August 2020

Background
Joint contracture is a common complication of joint injury. This study aimed to assess the effect of inhibiting the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling during joint immobilization and remobilization on immobilization-induced joint contracture in rats.
Methods
The knees of rats were immobilized using Kirschner wires following trauma to the femoral condyles to generate joint contracture. After immobilization, levels of TGF-β and passive extension range of motion (ROM) were measured at different time points, joints were histologically analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson trichrome staining, and the expression of inflammatory or fibrosis-related mediators, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), phosphorylated Smad2/3 (p-Smad2/3), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen types I (Col 1) and III (Col 3), were examined in joint capsules using immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Rats were also treated with LY2157299, a TGF-β receptor I kinase inhibitor, at different stages of immobilization and remobilization.
Results
TGF-β1 levels in the serum and the number of p-Smad2/3+ cells in the joint capsule were significantly elevated after immobilization. ROM decreased during the 6 weeks of immobilization and partly recovered after remobilization. After treatment with LY2157299 during immobilization, the restricted ROM moderately increased, but this effect was stronger when combined with active motion. Mechanistically, the expression of IL-1β, TGF-β, fibrosis-related factors, and the density of collagen significantly decreased after treatment with LY2157299.
Conclusions
Inhibiting TGF-β signaling paired with active motion effectively attenuated the formation of immobilization-induced joint contracture in rats.
Evaluation of Coat Color Inheritance and Production Performance for Cossbreed from Chinese Indigenous Chenghua Pig Crossbred with Berkshire
Authors: Wang Xue , Gong Zhengyin , Zou Qin , Zhu Li , Tang Guoqing , Li Mingzhou , Li Xuewei , Zhang Zhailin , Xu Zhiyong , Sun Yanjun , Jiang Yanzhi
Published: August 2020

Background: Crossbreeding programs have been used extensively to improve the native pig’s overall production performance while maintaining superior meat quality. Chenghua (CH) pig is a traditional Chinese indigenous breed with superior meat quality characteristic but poor growth and carcass traits. In recent years, we implemented Berkshire × Chenghua (BC) crossbreeding scheme and have bred the new crossbreed BC pig through selection for four generations. The present objective was to determine the black coat inheritance and evaluate production performance for crossbreed BC F4 pigs in comparison with those of control purebred CH pigs. Results: Coat color of crossbreed BC pigs exhibits a “dominant black” hereditary pattern. Twelve mutation sites for MC1R gene were identified between “uniform black type” and “domino black spotting type” pigs and all piglets derived from boars or sows genotyped ED1ED1 homozygous for MC1R gene showed uniform black coat phenotype. The crossbreed BC F4 gilts displayed a relatively good reproductive performance, showing a higher litter (total no. born: 12.06 and no. born alive: 11.14) and tear size (13.14), heavier at farrowing litter (11.92 kg) and at weaning litter (65.87 kg) than purebred CH gilts, but they reached puberty later than CH gilts (178.44 vs.125.45). The crossbreed BC F4 pigs exhibited improved growth and carcass characteristics with a higher average daily live weight gain (535.28 g vs. 447.11 g), lower feed-to-gain ratio (3.06 vs. 4.03), and higher carcass lean meat rate (50.76% vs. 42.58%) than purebred CH pigs. Importantly, similar to those of purebred CH pigs, the crossbreed BC F4 pigs produced super meat-quality characteristics, showing ideal pH and meat-color values, high intramuscular fat content (3.24%) and water-holding capacity (drip loss: 1.68%), and acceptable muscle-fibre parameters. C18:1, C16:0, C18:0, and C18:2 were the main fatty acids in M. longissimus lumborum in the two breeds, and a very high polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio of ~0.39 was observed in the BC F4 pigs. Conclusion: These results indicate that crossbreed BC F4 pigs exhibit a uniform black coat pattern and acceptable total production performance, and it can be extensively used in commercial pig production to provide high-quality niche products.
The effectiveness of the project management application analysis in the Kazakhstani defense industrial complex holding
Authors: Tulembayev Alizhan , Adilova Aliya , Serikbekuly Askhat , Seidaliyeva Dina , Shildibekov Yerlan
Published: August 2020

Nowadays, leading world companies widely use methodology, standards, and project management tools in many areas of project-oriented activities, including investment, innovation, and information projects. Last years the implementation and functioning of the country’s enterprises’ project management system have been actively discussed in Kazakhstan.This work aims to identify critical processes of project management planning that affect the effectiveness of projects at the enterprise of the military-industrial complex of Kazakhstan. For this purpose, a survey of top managers of defense industry companies was conducted. A total of 28 respondents were interviewed, working at 18 enterprises of the military-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan and directly participating in the implementation of projects. Data were personally collected by a questionnaire survey conducted during 2019. To verify the formulated model’s assumptions and success, correlation analysis, and other relevant tests were used. Using the model of project management planning quality (PMPQ), process efficiency has been assessed, and critical factors for the effectiveness of defense industry projects have also been identified. The results show that the Republic of Kazakhstan’s defense industry complex projects has a low level of efficiency and an average score for the use of project planning processes. Project efficiency evaluation has also revealed critical knowledge areas for defense projects like human resource management, schedule development, and define scope. The research expands knowledge in PM, revealing the importance of planning processes for the defense industry that need more focus to achieve top-level success and effectiveness of projects.
AcknowledgmentThis study is the second part of grant AP05134488 that has been funded by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Cellular and Molecular Targeted Drug Delivery in Central Nervous System Cancers: Advances in Targeting Strategies
Authors: Zhao Xin , Ye Yun , Ge Shuyu , Sun Pingping , Yu Ping
Published: August 2020

Central nervous system (CNS) cancers are among the most common and treatment-resistant
diseases. The main reason for the low treatment efficiency of the disorders is the barriers against targeted
delivery of anticancer agents to the site of interest, including the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and
blood-brain tumor barrier (BBTB). BBB is a strong biological barrier separating circulating blood from
brain extracellular fluid that selectively and actively prevents cytotoxic agents and majority of anticancer
drugs from entering the brain. BBB and BBTB are the major impediments against targeted drug delivery
into CNS tumors. Nanotechnology and its allied modalities offer interesting and effective delivery
strategies to transport drugs across BBB to reach brain tissue. Integrating anticancer drugs into different
nanocarriers improves the delivery performance of the resultant compounds across BBB. Surface engineering
of nanovehicles using specific ligands, antibodies and proteins enhances the BBB crossing efficacy
as well as selective and specific targeting to the target cancerous tissues in CNS tumors. Multifunctional
nanoparticles (NPs) have brought revolutionary advances in targeted drug delivery to brain tumors.
This study reviews the main anatomical, physiological and biological features of BBB and BBTB
in drug delivery and the recent advances in targeting strategies in NPs-based drug delivery for CNS tumors.
Moreover, we discuss advances in using specific ligands, antibodies, and surface proteins for designing
and engineering of nanocarriers for targeted delivery of anticancer drugs to CNS tumors. Finally,
the current clinical applications and the perspectives in the targeted delivery of therapeutic molecules
and genes to CNS tumors are discussed.
Comparison of Midwifery Consultation and Fluoxetine on IVF Outcomes in Depressed Infertile Women: A Clinical Trial Research Study
Authors: Keshavarz Sedigheh , Morshed-Behbahani Bahar , Parsanezhad Mohammad Ebrahim , Akbarzadeh Marzieh
Published: August 2020

Background:

A lot of research has been done to improve the treatment of infertility and increase the quality
and effectiveness of performance.

Objective:

In this randomized clinical trial study (IRCT2014031116911N2), we compared the effect
of Fluoxetine and midwifery consultation on infertile women suffering from depression and the
focus of the study was on the results of In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) treatment.

Methods:

90 infertile women who suffered from mild to moderate depression according to the Beck
Inventory and had undergone IVF treatment were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups. The
control group, the second group, were treated with Fluoxetine 20 mg, and the third group received 6
sessions of midwifery consultation and then the outcomes were reviewed. The amount of cortisol in
the women’s sera was measured in three stages and the level of depression and anxiety was measured
in two stages.

Results:

The pregnancy rate in the midwifery consultation group (n=13) was about two times as
high as that in the fluoxetine group (n=7) and three times as high as that in the control group (n=4);
there was a statistically significant difference among the groups (P=0.016); as to the abortions occurring
in each group (P>0.05).

Conclusion:

Providing the people undergoing IVF treatment with emotional and mental support
will increase their chances of pregnancy and this kind of support will be helpful for the patients if it
is given in the form of midwifery consultation.
DA Review on Performance Evaluation of Bi2Te3-based and some other Thermoelectric Nanostructured Materials
Authors: Amin Bhuiyan Mohammad Ruhul , Mamur Hayati , Dilmaç Ömer Faruk
Published: August 2020

Background:

Future sustainable energy industrialization is a green energy source that has
a lower circumstantial impact than traditional energy technologies. The advancement of new energy
generation is important to expand the share of renewable energy sources.

Objective:

Worldwide, for the next generation, future energy demand may be fulfilled by using one
of the renewable energy sources such as thermo electricity.

Methods:

The bismuth telluride–based (Bi2Te3-based) nanostructure material in thermo electricity
still has a major part of applications. It is known as the most prospective TE device manufactured
from a research arena towards successful commercialization.

Results:

The Bi2Te3-based nanostructure material is now on commercialization stages that it has
some limitations. In order to find out the future direction of research and development of this material,
the material will face a challenging way.

Conclusion:

The review paper provides an effective approach to overcome the limitation of Bi2Te3-
based nanostructure. Moreover, in this review paper, the performance evaluation with existing
Bi2Te3-based nanostructure and some other TE materials will be discussed in detail.
ARMA Models to Measure the Scale of Fluctuation from CPT Data
Authors: Cami Brigid , Javankhoshdel Sina
Published: August 2020

Objective:

Spatial variability is one of the largest sources of uncertainty in geotechnical applications. This variability is primarily characterized by the scale of fluctuation, a parameter that describes the distance over which the parameters of a material are similar. Spatial variability is generally described with traditional methods of time series analysis. In statistics, the Auto-Regressive Moving Average (ARMA) model is commonly used to describe the relationship between two points in time. Instead of assuming an autocorrelation model, the ARMA model calculates the necessary auto-regressive components (AR), as well as a decaying Mean Structure (MA). The advantage of this method is that it is calculated for each specific field study, so that the data is not forced to fit into a fixed autocorrelation model (e.g. Markovian, Gaussian,etc).

Methods:

In this study, the ARMA model is introduced as a means of measuring scale of fluctuation, and two case studies and a simulation are used to compare the scale of fluctuation values from the ARMA model to the other estimates.

Results:

In the first case study, the ARMA model estimated a value of 0.26 m while the other methods ranged from 0.22-0.29 m. In the second case study, the ARMA model estimated a value of 0.40 m while the other methods ranged from 0.40-0.54 m. In the simulated example, where the true value was 5.0 m, the ARMA model estimated a value of 4.73 m while the other methods ranged from 3.24-3.51 m.

Conclusion:

This paper concludes that ARMA is a promising new method for estimating the scale of fluctuation but requires a considerable amount of research before it can become established in the geotechnical sphere.
A Path Planning Method for Mobile Robots Based on Fuzzy Firefly
Algorithms
Authors: Fu Hui , Liu Xiaoyong
Published: August 2020

Introducction:

Mobile Robot is a kind of robot system consisting of sensors, remote control operators and
automatic control mobile carriers. It is a product of integrated application of integrated disciplines developed in recent
years. In the research of mobile robot related technology, navigation technology is its core, and path planning is an
important link and subject of navigation research.

Objective:

An improved firefly algorithm is proposed for path planning of Mobile Robots in this paper.

Methods:

In this paper, an improved firefly algorithm is proposed. Compared with traditional firefly algorithm, this
algorithm has three main improvements: (1) using Sobol sequence to initialize population; (2) adding dynamic disturbance
coefficient to enhance the global search ability of the algorithm; (3) considering the uncertainty of search, the attraction
between individuals is strong. Fuzzy control is carried out by setting membership function.

Results:

The new algorithm takes advantage of the uniformity of Sobol sequence sampling and starts to optimize in a
wider range, which makes the initial path of the algorithm longer, but because the new algorithm introduces the dynamic
disturbance coefficient and the fuzzy control strategy, the average running time is shorter.

Conclusion:

In the simulation experiment of mobile robot path planning problem, the improved firefly algorithm
proposed in this paper is easier to jump out of local optimum than the traditional firefly algorithm, and has more robust
search ability.

Discussion:

It is obvious from the graph that in 100 iterations, the FaFA algorithm takes advantage of the uniformity of
Sobol sequence sampling and starts to optimize in a wider range, which makes the initial path of the algorithm longer, but
because the FaFA algorithm introduces the dynamic disturbance coefficient and the fuzzy control strategy, it makes the
algorithm able.
A Mini Review: Origin, Treatments, Preventions, Real Facts and Viability of the Recent Pandemic of Novel Coronavirus-2019
Authors: Vibhute Prashant Kantrao , Jadhav Satish Babulal , Dake Satish Ashruba , Dawane Bhaskar Sadashiv
Published: August 2020

Background:

Outbreak of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) has sent billions of people
into lockdown. It has a negative impact on daily life, physical and mental health. Never before was seen
such a type of pandemic sparked by a coronavirus. It increased anxiety in the community. Impacts of
this disruption affect every sector such as health, finance, education, transport, agriculture, and economical
growth of countries. Most of the countries experience insecurity in these sectors.

Objective:

To reduce the spread of the novel Coronavirus-2019 and to bridge the knowledge gap of the
research community, frontline health workers as well as those persons who are working in this regard to
improve critical health challenges so that the community can plan effective prevention. In the present
mini-review, we summarized the origin, route of transmission, current therapies of treatment, preventions,
viability and real facts of fatal disease novel Coronavirus-2019 (2019-nCoV).

Result:

Achieving division of a large population into small-small groups and take RT-PCR tests on a
very large scale. It will help to identify and isolate an accurate infected person. Isolation of infected
cases and quarantine reduce the transmissibility of COVID-19.

Conclusion:

Knowledge about real-time evolution and transmission of the emerging pathogens helps to
prevent its infection at all stages. To improve understanding of the risk, mechanism, and treatment in
response to COVID-19 is required encouraging case studies, effective treatment therapies, drug discovery
and developments. Make awareness in society about sanitation and avoid close contact to escape
COVID-19 infection are the best ways of protection.
Peningkatan Kualitas dan Kapasitas Produksi Ikan Asap Melalui Sistem Paparasi (Pengasapan Terintegrasi) Di Desa Tambaksari, Kecamatan Rowosari, Kabupaten Kendal, Jawa Tengah
Authors: M Agus , H Titik , A. S Oktaviani , W Novika
Published: August 2020

AbstrakKecamatan Rowosari memiliki potensi perikanan yang sangat baik karena didukung oleh letaknya yang strategis dan berbatasan langsung dengan Laut Jawa. Produk ikan laut ini dimanfaatkan oleh warga Desa Tambaksari yang diolah menjadi produk ikan asap. Proses pengasapan yang masih sederhana dan belum tersentuh teknologi ini sehingga kapasitas produksi yang sedikit dan kurangnya higienitas pada proses pengasapan. Proses pengasapan ikan yang memerlukan waktu 7 – 8 jam serta hasil ikan asap yang terpapar di rak terbuka membuat produk ikan yang dihasilkan kurang higienis karena lalat dapat hinggap pada ikan tersebut. Untuk itu diperlukan teknologi yang dapat meningkatkan kapasitas dan higienitas produk ikan asap yaitu dengan sistem paparasi. Dengan sistem paparasi proses pengasapan dapat ditekan hingga 3 – 4 jam serta tingkat higienitas yang lebih baik. Kata kunci: Pengasapan Ikan, TerintegrasiImprovement Of Quality And Capacity Of Asap Fish Production Through Paparation System (Integrated Finging) In Tambaksari Village, Rowosari District, Kendal Regency, Central Java AbstractRowosari District has excellent fishery potential because it is supported by its strategic location and directly adjacent to Java Sea. This marine fish product is utilized by Tambaksari villagers who processed into smoked fish products. The fogging process is still simple and untouched by this technology resulting in little production capacity and a lack of hygiene in the curing process. The process of fumigation of fish that takes 7 - 8 hours and the results of smoked fish exposed on the open shelves make fish products produced less hygienic because the flies can land on the fish. For that needed a technology that can increase the capacity and hygiene of smoked fish products with the system of paparasi. With curing process paparasi process can be pressed up to 3 - 4 hours and hygiene level better. Key words: Fish Smoking Kiln, Integration
Pengenalan Video Test Kit Kadmium Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Kimia bagi Guru SMK Negeri 7 Malang
Authors: Rismiarti Zuri
Published: August 2020

AbstrakKegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di SMK Negeri 7 Malang. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan untuk memberikan kontribusi kepada mitra dalam rangka pengembangan kualitas pendidikan dan pengajaran praktikum. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah untuk mengenalkan media pembelajaran kimia menggunakan video tutorial tentang penggunaan test kit kadmium yang menarik bagi guru SMK Negeri 7 Malang, memanfaatkan teknologi multimedia berbasis aplikasi powtoon dalam proses pembelajaran praktikum bagi guru SMK Negeri 7 Malang, meningkatkan minat dan ketrampilan para siswa SMK Negeri 7 Malang pada praktkum kimia analisis. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan guru Kimia SMK Negeri 7 Malang. Luaran yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan ini adalah media pembelajaran praktek kimia analisis dalam bentuk video tutorial test kit kadmium yang berisi tentang bahaya kadmium, cara penggunaan test kit berbasis aplikasi powtoon. Kata kunci: Kadmium, testkit, kimia, video  Introduction of Video of Test Kit Cadmium as a Chemistry Learning Media for Teachers of Publics Vocational High School 7 MalangAbstractThe Community Service Activity was held at Public Vocational High School 7 Malang (SMKN 7 Malang). This activity is carried out to contribute to mitra in order to develop the quality of education and teaching practice. The purpose of this service is to introduce chemistry learning media using tutorial videos with using an attractive cadmium test kit for teachers of Public Vocational High School 7 Malang, utilizing powtoon-based multimedia technology in the practical learning process for teachers of Vocational High School 7 Malang, increasing the interests and skills for students of Vocational High School 7 Malang in analytical chemistry practice. This activity was carried out by involving chemistry teachers from SMKN 7 Malang. The output generated from this activity is a analysis chemistry practice media with tutorial video of cadmium test kit that contains the dangers of cadmium, how to use the test kit –based on powtoon aplication. Key words: Cadmium, testkit, chemistry, video
Низкотемпературный рост кубической фазы CdS методом атомно-слоевого осаждения на гибридных подложках SiC/Si
Authors: Кукушкин С.А. , Осипов А.В. , Романычев А.И. , Касаткин И.А. , Лошаченко А.С.
Published: August 2020

A new method has been developed for the epitaxial growth of cadmium sulfide CdS films in a metastable cubic phase on silicon substrates with a buffer layer of epitaxial silicon carbide by atomic layer deposition. This CdS phase is achieved due to the low growth temperature (~ 180 ℃). The cubic phase was identified by both X-ray diffraction (XRD) and spectral ellipsometry due to the fact that the main peak of CdS absorption is split into two peaks in the hexagonal phase (4.9 eV and 5.4 eV) and is a singlet in the cubic phase (5.1 eV).
Магнитные характеристики нанокомпозита на основе ферритов висмута
Authors: Плешаков И.В. , Волков М.П. , Ломанова Н.А. , Кузьмин Ю.И. , Гусаров В.В.
Published: August 2020

The magnetization processes of the BiFeO3 - Bi2Fe4O9 nanocomposite obtained by glycine nitrate combustion were studied. It was shown that the magnetic characteristics of the pure BiFeO3 and Bi2Fe4O9 compounds and the composite are significantly different. New properties of the synthesized substance are associated with the presence of exchange interaction at the interfaces.
Высокоэффективные воспроизводимые зонды для спектроскопии комбинационного рассеяния с усилением на острие (TERS)
Authors: Мочалов К.Е. , Соловьева Д.О. , Ефимов А.Е. , Клинов Д.В. , Олейников В.А.
Published: August 2020

The principal limitation of the use of the Tip Enhanced Raman Scattering spectroscopy (TERS) is due to the lack of reliable scanning probes. The paper presents a simple technique for the fabrication of cantilever-based TERS-probes with highly reproducible characteristics, high performance, reliable and giving sufficient enhancement. The technique is based on the modification of standard scanning probe microscope contilevers by plasma etching and the subsequent formation of a TERS-amplifying region on the tip of probe by deposition of colloidal nanoparticles by dielectrophoresis.
Сверхтонкие взаимодействия в узлах меди диэлектрических и сверхпроводящих металлооксидов меди
Authors: Теруков Е.И. , Марченко А.В. , Лужков А.А. , Серегин П.П. , Шахович К.Б.
Published: August 2020

The method of Mössbauer spectroscopy on isotopes 61Cu (61Ni) shows that for bivalent copper dielectric metal oxides, a combined quadrupole and Zeeman interaction of 61Ni nuclei with local fields in copper sites is observed, whereas for superconducting metal oxides, only quadrupole interaction of the nuclei 61Ni is detected. For all the metal oxides under consideration, the equal in value valence contribution to the electric field gradient tensor was found.
The effect of baby solus per Aqua (Baby spa) to sensory skill, fine motor skill and gross motor skill in children aged 6-24 months di Wawa Holistic Care Mojokerto
Authors: Sadiya Lida Khalimatus , Wahyuningrum Tria , Wahyuni Lutfi , Nurtyas Yunika
Published: August 2020

Background: Supporting of baby growth must be done in a comprehensive and quality manner that can be done through stimulation activities. Stimulation that is easily given actively to infants can be through tactile stimulation in the form of massages. Massage therapy can be combined with water therapy, which is a baby spa. Baby spas can be used to support the success of sensory skills, fine motor skills and gross motor skills.

Objective: The study was to determine the effectiveness of Baby Spa on sensory skills, fine motor skills and gross motor skills in children aged 6-24 months.

Method: The design used in this study was a pre-experimental design with a two-group pre-post-test approach. The variables in this study are the baby spa, sensory skills, fine motor skills and gross motor skills. Respondents were children aged 6 to 24 months totaling 29 children for the treatment group and 29 children for the control group. The treatment group will be treated eight times (2 times baby spa and six times massage). Previously conducted a pre-test, then after eight treatments carried out a post-test with an observation of sensory skills, fine motor skills and gross motor skills — data analysis using the Mann-Whitney test.

Results: The results of data analysis on the sensory skill obtained p-value = 0.962 indicates that the baby spa is less effective against increasing sensory skills, while the fine motor skill p-value = 0,000 and gross motor skill obtained p-value = 0,000 means that the baby spa is effective against increasing fine motor skills and gross motor skills in children aged 6 to 24 months.

Conclusion: That the Baby Spa is very effective against increasing fine motor skills and gross motor skills but the sensory skills are less effective. So you need sensory skill stimulation with baby spas and other methods.
Relationship Between Parents’ Parenting And Independence Level Of Activity Daily Living (ADL) In Soft Mental Retardation Children
Authors: Dwi Jayanti Desak Made Ari , Lestrai R. Tri Rahyuning , Riskayanti Ni Putu
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Mental retardation children are children who have a lack of intelligence from the time of their development. Parenting is very influential on the independence of children with mild mental retardation because good parenting from parents will help mild mental retarded children to fulfill their activity daily living needs (ADL) independently. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of parenting parents with an independent level of activity daily living (ADL) in children with mild mental retardation in Tabanan 1 State SLB. Method: This study uses descriptive correlational design with cross sectional approach. The number of samples used was 51 respondents, using total sampling technique with a test using Chi-Square. Results: results obtained by parents using democratic parenting as many as 40 respondents (78.4%), while for the level of independence of daily living activities (ADL) in mild mental retarded children categorized as independent as many as 27 people (52.9%), obtained a number p value is 0,002 (p <0,05) so there is a correlation between parenting style with the level of independence of daily living activity (ADL) in mild mental retarded children in SLB 1 Tabanan. Discussion: It is recommended that parents apply proper parenting to their children and provide sertadorongan motivation to their children to explore the potential abilities of children, especially in terms of independence of activity daily living (ADL).

 

Keywords: Parenting, Activity Daily Living, Mild Mental Retardation Children
Confronting the Challenges of Anatomy Education in a Competency-Based Medical Curriculum During Normal and Unprecedented Times (COVID-19 Pandemic): Pedagogical Framework Development and Implementation
Authors: Naidoo Nerissa , Akhras Aya , Banerjee Yajnavalka
Published: August 2020

Background

Anatomy is considered to be one of the keystones of undergraduate medical education. However, recently, there has been drastic reduction, both in gross anatomy teaching hours and its context. Additionally, a decrease in the number of trained anatomists and an increase in the costs associated with procuring human cadavers have been noted, causing a diminution of cadaveric dissections in anatomy education.

Objective

To address these challenges, there is an ardent need for a pedagogical framework such that anatomy education can be disseminated through active learning principles, within a fixed time frame, using a small team of anatomists and a small number of cadaveric specimens (for live on-site sessions) as well as collaborative learning principles. The latter is particularly important when anatomy education is delivered through distance learning, as is the case currently during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Here, we have blueprinted a pedagogical framework blending the instructional design models of Gagne’s 9 events of instruction with Peyton’s 4-step approach. The framework’s applicability was validated through the delivery of anatomical concepts, using an exemplar from the structure-function course Head and Neck during the normal and COVID-19–mandated lockdown periods, employing the archetype of Frey syndrome. Preliminary evaluation of the framework was pursued using student feedback and end-of-course feedback responses. The efficiency of the framework in knowledge transfer was also appraised.

Results

The blueprinted instructional plan designed to implement the pedagogical framework was successfully executed in the dissemination of anatomy education, employing a limited number of cadaveric specimens (during normal times) and a social media application (SMA)–integrated “interactome” strategy (during the COVID-19 lockdown). Students’ response to the framework was positive. However, reluctance was expressed by a majority of the faculty in adopting the framework for anatomy education. To address this aspect, a strategy has been designed using Mento’s 12-step change management model. The long-term benefits for any medical school to adopt the blended pedagogical framework have also been explicated by applying Bourdieu’s Theory of Practice. Additionally, through the design of an SMA interactome model, the framework’s applicability to the delivery of anatomy education and content during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic was realized.

Conclusions

In conclusion, the study effectively tackles some of the contemporary key challenges associated with the delivery of anatomy content in medical education during normal and unprecedented times.
The Art of Surgery: Balancing Compassionate With Virtual Care
Authors: Nemetz Elisheva Tamar Anne , Urbach David Robert , Devon Karen Michelle
Published: August 2020

The recent drive to include virtual care in surgical practice has been accelerated due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Many physicians feel that communicating via telehealth is unlike traditional methods of providing health care, and thus guidance on maintaining excellence in communication is necessary, especially as academic literature on virtual care in surgery is nonexistent. Challenges faced in transitioning to virtual care include the inability to utilize body language, barriers to traditional physical examination, exacerbation of existing vulnerabilities and inequities in patient groups, the declining quality of medical education, and the fragmentation of the multidisciplinary health care team. This paper seeks to resolve these challenges by focusing on the pillars of good communication, including preparation, professionalism, empathy, respect, and the virtual physical examination.
COVID-19 Research: Navigating the European General Data Protection Regulation (Preprint)
Authors: Becker Regina , Thorogood Adrian , Ordish Johan , Beauvais Michael J.S.
Published: August 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Researchers must collaborate globally to rapidly respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. In Europe, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) regulates the processing of personal data, including health data of value to researchers. Even during a pandemic, research still requires a legal basis for the processing of sensitive data, additional justification for its processing, and a basis for any transfer of data outside Europe. The GDPR does provide legal grounds and derogations that can support research addressing a pandemic, if the data processing activities are proportionate to the aim pursued and accompanied by suitable safeguards. During a pandemic, a public interest basis may be more promising for research than a consent basis, given the high standards set out in the GDPR. However, the GDPR leaves many aspects of the public interest basis to be determined by individual Member States, which have not fully or uniformly made use of all options. The consequence is an inconsistent legal patchwork that displays insufficient clarity and impedes joint approaches. The COVID-19 experience provides lessons for national legislatures. Responsiveness to pandemics requires clear and harmonized laws that consider the related practical challenges and support collaborative global research in the public interest.
Motivations for Social Distancing and App Use as Complementary Measures to Combat the COVID-19 Pandemic: Quantitative Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kaspar Kai
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

The current COVID-19 pandemic is showing negative effects on human health as well as on social and economic life. It is a critical and challenging task to revive public life while minimizing the risk of infection. Reducing interactions between people by social distancing is an effective and prevalent measure to reduce the risk of infection and spread of the virus within a community. Current developments in several countries show that this measure can be technologically accompanied by mobile apps; meanwhile, privacy concerns are being intensively discussed.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to examine central cognitive variables that may constitute people’s motivations for social distancing, using an app, and providing health-related data requested by two apps that differ in their direct utility for the individual user. The results may increase our understanding of people’s concerns and convictions, which can then be specifically addressed by public-oriented communication strategies and appropriate political decisions.

METHODS

This study refers to the protection motivation theory, which is adaptable to both health-related and technology-related motivations. The concept of social trust was added. The quantitative survey included answers from 406 German-speaking participants who provided assessments of data security issues, trust components, and the processes of threat and coping appraisal related to the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection by social distancing. With respect to apps, one central focus was on the difference between a contact tracing app and a data donation app.

RESULTS

Multiple regression analyses showed that the present model could explain 55% of the interindividual variance in the participants’ motivation for social distancing, 46% for using a contact tracing app, 42% for providing their own infection status to a contact tracing app, and 34% for using a data donation app. Several cognitive components of threat and coping appraisal were related to motivation measurements. Trust in other people’s social distancing behavior and general trust in official app providers also played important roles; however, the participants’ age and gender did not. Motivations for using and accepting a contact tracing app were higher than those for using and accepting a data donation app.

CONCLUSIONS

This study revealed some important cognitive factors that constitute people’s motivation for social distancing and using apps to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. Concrete implications for future research, public-oriented communication strategies, and appropriate political decisions were identified and are discussed.
Development of a Mobile Health Intervention with Personal Experiments for Smokers Who Are Ambivalent About Quitting: Formative Design and Testing (Preprint)
Authors: Heffner Jaimee L , Catz Sheryl L , Klasnja Predrag , Tiffany Brooks , McClure Jennifer B
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

The majority of cigarette smokers want to quit someday but are not ready to commit to long-term abstinence. However, available smoking cessation treatments are not well-suited to meet the needs of these ambivalent smokers. Low-cost, high-reach mobile health (mHealth) interventions may be a cost-efficient means of offering assistance to ambivalent smokers, yet there are currently no evidence-based options available for this group.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to develop and preliminarily evaluate the core content for an mHealth program targeting adult smokers who are ambivalent about quitting. The core content consisted of a series of “personal experiments” similar to those tested as part of a counseling intervention in prior work, including brief cognitive or behavioral tasks designed to boost readiness for changing smoking behavior.

METHODS

We conducted individual user interviews (N=3) to refine program content, and then conducted a one-arm pilot study (N=25) to assess user receptivity and the potential impact of the experiments on motivation and self-efficacy to quit or reduce smoking.

RESULTS

In user interviews, participants liked the concept of the personal experiments. Participants in the pilot study found a medium-fidelity prototype to be highly acceptable. After watching a brief orientation video that explained how the program works, most participants (80%, 20/25) indicated that it sounded interesting, primarily because it did not require any commitment to quit. All participants (100%, 25/25) completed all 7 experiments, including a 24-hour quit attempt, although not all were able to refrain from smoking for a full day based on qualitative feedback on the experiment. The mean rating of usefulness of the overall program was 4.12 (SD 1.09) out of 5, and the average rating of the difficulty of the experiments was 2.16 (SD 1.18) out of 5. At the last assessment point, 92% (23/25) of the participants indicated that they were more interested in either quitting or cutting back than when they began the program, and 72% (18/25) said that if the program had included a free trial of nicotine replacement therapy, they would have used it to try to quit smoking.

CONCLUSIONS

This formative work confirmed that ambivalent smokers are willing to use and will remain engaged with an mHealth intervention that employs the novel concept of personal experiments to enhance their motivation for and ability to quit smoking. The addition of action-oriented treatment (self-help and free nicotine replacement therapy, quitline referral) could further support users’ efforts to stop smoking and remain quit.
The Art of Surgery: Balancing Compassionate With Virtual Care (Preprint)
Authors: Nemetz Elisheva Tamar Anne , Urbach David Robert , Devon Karen Michelle
Published: August 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

The recent drive to include virtual care in surgical practice has been accelerated due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Many physicians feel that communicating via telehealth is unlike traditional methods of providing health care, and thus guidance on maintaining excellence in communication is necessary, especially as academic literature on virtual care in surgery is nonexistent. Challenges faced in transitioning to virtual care include the inability to utilize body language, barriers to traditional physical examination, exacerbation of existing vulnerabilities and inequities in patient groups, the declining quality of medical education, and the fragmentation of the multidisciplinary health care team. This paper seeks to resolve these challenges by focusing on the pillars of good communication, including preparation, professionalism, empathy, respect, and the virtual physical examination.
The Effects of Downloading a Government-Issued COVID-19 Contact Tracing App on Psychological Distress During the Pandemic Among Employed Adults: Prospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kawakami Norito , Sasaki Natsu , Kuroda Reiko , Tsuno Kanami , Imamura Kotaro
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Downloading a COVID-19 contact tracing app may be effective in reducing users’ worry about COVID-19 and psychological distress.

OBJECTIVE

This 2.5-month prospective study aimed to investigate the association of downloading a COVID-19 contact tracing app, the COVID-19 Contact Confirming Application (COCOA), released by the Japanese government, with worry about COVID-19 and psychological distress in a sample of employed adults in Japan.

METHODS

A total of 996 full-time employed respondents to an online survey conducted May 22-26, 2020 (baseline), were invited to participate in a follow-up survey August 7-12, 2020 (follow-up). A high level of worrying about COVID-19 and high psychological distress were defined by baseline and follow-up scores on a single-item scale and the Kessler 6 (K6) scale, respectively. The app was released between the two surveys, on June 17. Participants were asked at follow-up if they downloaded the app.

RESULTS

A total of 902 (90.6%) of 996 baseline participants responded to the follow-up survey. Among them, 184 (20.4%) reported that they downloaded the app. Downloading of the contact tracing app was significantly negatively associated with psychological distress at follow-up after controlling for baseline variables, but not with worry about COVID-19.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides the first evidence that using a government-issued COVID-19 contact tracing app may be beneficial for the mental health of employed adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.