bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Surfactants on Gas Hydrate Formation
Authors: Zhou Shi Dong , Wang Shu Li , Zhang Guo Zhong
Published: March 2013

Capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) by forming hydrate is an attractive technology for reducing the greenhouse effect. The most primary challenges are high energy consumption, low hydrate formation rate, and separation efficiency. In order to solve the problem of slow formation rate of gas hydrate, the effects of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and polyethylene oxide - polypropylene oxide - polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer (P123) on the formation of carbon dioxide hydrate have been investigated.The results show that CTAB, SDBS and P123 can reduce phase equilibrium point of CO2 hydrate. The lower pressure of hydration reaction system ,the larger induction time of CO2 hydrate reduction.Maximum promotion effect of SDBS was observed at 700 mg / kg which was comparable with that of CTAB at 300 mg / kg and P123 at 500 mg / kg. The study has a certain significance to improve the rate of hydrate formation.
Synthesis and Crystal Analysis of Nano Metal-Organic Frameworks MIL-53(Cr)
Authors: Tan Hai Yan , Liu Cheng
Published: March 2013

The different nano-scale metal-organic frameworks MIL-53(Cr) were synthesized under solvothermal conditions.The experiment was used Cr(NO3)3.9H2O,terephthalic acid,HCl and H2O to react by adding a Sodium Dodecyl Sulfonate and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride . It was characterized by XRD,HRTEM,and BET to obtain relevant information of compose,structure morphologies,and huge BET surface areas.
Research on Knowledge Base of Device Test Training System Based on Rough Set Data Mining
Authors: Li Qing , Yang Wei , Ye Xiao Nan , Ma Xiao Xiao
Published: March 2013

The realization of a device test training system requires the use of a lot of domain knowledge, and building knowledge base will play an important role. In view of the uncertainty, inaccuracy and incompleteness of test data in the testing process, this paper makes the data mining algorithms based on rough set as knowledge acquisition algorithm, and proposes an improved algorithm for insufficient of approximate reduction of rough set knowledge based on the tolerance relation of incomplete information system. The paper studies the design and realization of knowledge base system in the developing of device simulation training system on this basis, and validates the method through a design example of knowledge base of a certain device simulation training system.
Catalytic Synthesis and Growth Mechanism of Multi-Branched Carbon Fibers by Cupric Solution Precursors
Authors: Wang Qiu Xiang , Zhang Qian , Dong Li Feng
Published: March 2013

Carbon fibers with different morphologies are obtained using different cupric solution precursors (e.g., cupric sulfate, cupric nitrate, and cupric chloride) at various temperatures. The morphology of carbon fibers depends on the type of catalyst precursor and reaction temperature but not the concentration of the precursor solution. For example, cupric chloride solution is a desirable catalyst precursor for the growth of carbon fibers with multi-branches at 450 °C. However, a mixture of carbon sheets and linear fibers forms at 300-350 °C. The splitting mode can be used to explain the formation of carbon fibers with different morphologies at various reaction temperatures.
The Shape of Fruit Recognition Using Matching Round
Authors: Pan Hong Jun , Li Xue Xian , Wang Guang Wei , Qi Chang Song
Published: March 2013

Information extraction is an important part of the image processing. As the economic and technological development, the image quickly extracts information technology has been gained more needs and applications in many society fields. At home and abroad, there are many scholars to study how to quickly extract useful information from the image. Gray, binarization, the largest connected block extraction, contour extraction, corrosion, expansion and circle fitting technique have been used in this paper to match a known circle from a large number of irregular rounds.
The Calibration & Monitor System of Battery Operation Parameters Simulation Generator Based on LabVIEW
Authors: Zeng Jie , Jiang Li , Ma Yuan
Published: March 2013

A battery operation parameters simulation generator was specially designed for testing battery management units. Its purpose is to provide a test platform for the industrialization of the battery management units. The parameters simulation generator can provide the battery in various conditions of voltage, current, temperature and other analog signals. In order to calibrate the battery simulation parameters in real-time, a complete set of the calibration and monitoring interface was designed based on LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench) environment. The human-computer interface can achieve calibration control of voltage, current, temperature signals online, data analysis, data display, data storage, and fault diagnosis. Test results show that the developed human-computer interface is able to realize real-time calibration and monitoring functions for battery operation parameters simulation generator. Furthermore，the interface also has good real-time and stability, and has a certain application value on the testing and evaluation of the battery management unit.
Study of Location Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Newton Iteration
Authors: Liu Ying , Zhang Xu , Liu Dan , Han Zhi Qiang
Published: March 2013

The TDOA localization algorithm for wireless sensor networks can help us measure the time differences of an unknown node to more anchor nodes, which establish nonlinear equation of the differential distance between unknown node and anchor node. Newton iteration is the crucial method for nonlinear equation numerical solutions, so using the Newton iterative method can better achieve nonlinear optimization in TDOA location. The simulation results indicate that the algorithm can meet the requirement of localization and possesses the preferable localization precision.
A Mixed Integer Mathematical Programming Optimization Model for the NP-Hard Industrial Processes Scheduling Problem
Authors: Wu Hua Ping , Huang Min , Wang Xing Wei
Published: March 2013

This paper investigates single machine scheduling problem with unequal release times and deterioration jobs where the objective function of it is minimal makespan. A mixed integer mathematical programming optimization model is developed for the problem which belongs to the NP-hard problem. The model is tested on examples and compared with a heuristic algorithm introduced by Lee et al.. Moreover, the branch-bound algorithm proposed by Lee et al. also can obtained optimal solutions the same as the results from CPLEX but the CPU time of it for 28 jobs even needs more than 2 hours, thus, the results between them are not compared. According to results of computational tests, it is showed that the proposed model is very effective in solving problems because it can obtain optimal solutions within a short time. Therefore, it is very useful and valuable for decision maker who requires the optimal solutions.
Comparison and Exploration on Breast Volume Measurement Methods
Authors: Jiang Dong , Wang Jian Ping , Chen Xiao Na
Published: March 2013

Underdeveloped 3D virtual fitting technology was a barrier to apparel e-commerce, especially for the development of online bra trading. Bra cup fitting was most important for bra fitting. Bra cup fitting is decided by the relationship between bra cup and breast volume. There were many breast volume measuring methods , such as anthropometric method, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), mammography, thermoplastic modeling and Archimedes principle. However, these methods cannot be applied to virtual fitting evaluation and apparel e-commerce. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare kinds of br east volume measurement methods, and then proposed a new method based on 3D human body scan data, which can be used in apparel e-commerce. 3D scan imaging method was proposed because it can calculate breast volume from 3D scan data on the Internet. The accuracy of 3D scan imaging method was acceptable by comparing with that of traditional breast volume measurement methods. The development of 3D scan imaging method was the basis of virtual fitting evaluation on breast cup and can promote bra e-commerce.
Innovative Research of Logistics Park Informatization
Authors: Li Shou Lin , Guo Wei Ya , Lv Feng Long , Wang Yao Qiu
Published: March 2013

Logistics park informatization is the general development trend of logistics park, this paper attempts to :combine logistic park's business model with informatization, construct a new logistics park innovative profit mode, put internet of things fusion in the entire process of logistics park construction and operation, create new informatization operation platform.
On-Line Monitoring System for Process Parameters of Nickel Smelting
Authors: Yi Zheng Ming , Xiao Hui , Song Jia Lin
Published: March 2013

Based on the nickel smelting process in the smeltery of a corporation, a real time monitoring system of process parameters acquisition is developed, which makes full use of the choice of equipment, the telecommunication technique of PLC, and the data processing technique to carry on display of the technological parameters, data communication, alarm of demarcation line and tendency analysis etc. The system provides an efficient monitoring and analyzing in the production process for management and operation personnel and enhances the management level of modernization.
The Impacts of Different Charge Compensators on the Luminescence Properties of BaMg2 (PO4)2: Eu 3+
Authors: Yang Fu , Meng Xu Dong , Zhou Dong Zhan , Yang Zhi Ping
Published: March 2013

The BaMg1.99-x(PO4)2:0.01Eu3+,xN+(N=Li, Na, K) phosphors were synthesized by high temperature solid state method. Valence stability of Eu3+was analyzed and the effects of the charge compensators (Li+, Na+ and K+ ions) upon the crystal structures and luminescence properties of BaMg1.99(PO4)2:0.01Eu3+were studied in this paper.
A Study on the Rigidity and Flexibility Coupled Dynamic Analysis Method of the PUMA560 Robot
Authors: Li Chang , Ma Xiao Gang , Han Xing , Zhao Guang Bing
Published: March 2013

Created in ADAMS/View virtual environment, it combines the complementary advantages of the ADAMS secondary development programming technology APDL and VC++6.0 to build a rigidity and flexibility coupled parameterized dynamic simulation model of the PUMA560 robot, while through the self defining function of constraints and loads, it realizes the model drive loading . After multiple dynamic simulations, normal solutions and inverse solutions of the PUMA560 robot are obtained, and this can provide a foundation for the research on the operability and space locus of the PUMA560 robot. Meanwhile, this new method is also true for other similar kind of rigidity and flexibility coupled mechanics dynamic simulation and a reliable pathway for the analysis of mechanic random errors effect on its motion as well. The excellent feature of this new method is that it will considerate sufficiently the effects of key part’s elastic deformation on the entire mechanic motion, while it needs not to create complex analogue to solve the mechanic, rapidly, conveniently and with high accuracy, which has good theoretical meaning and application value.
Research of PZT Excited Discharge Channel Compression Micro-EDM Techniques
Authors: Du Lian Ming , Zhang Qin He , Zhang Jian Hua , Zhang Ya
Published: March 2013

In micro-EDM, the debris generated in machining process is difficult to be moved from the discharging gap, the discharge state is instability, and the material removal rate is low. A new method of PZT incentive synchronous compression discharge channel micro-EDM is presented based on the inverse piezoelectric effect of PZT piezoelectric ceramics, using a spark discharge and PZT sync pulse power. In this paper, the system composition and machining principles are described in detail, and its machining mechanism is analyzed in terms of the experiments. By the experiments, it is certificated that on the process of PZT sync compressing discharge channel machining, the state of discharge gap, the machining efficiency and quality can be improved, the throw out of debris makes easier, and then the stability of micro-EDM process is raised, which indicated that this new technology has wide application prospect in the field of micro manufacturing.
The Integrated Design of a New Intelligent Fuze Safety System Based on Piezoelectric Actuator
Authors: Chen Hai Peng , Chen Chao , Wang Jun Shan
Published: March 2013

A new intelligent fuze safety system based on a linear piezoelectric actuator is proposed in this paper. The liner actuator utilizes the stator’s first-order longitudinal vibration and second-order bending vibration to drive the slider. According to the initial structure size of fuze safety system, parameter design has been carried out and the actuator’s final size has been determined. The prototype is manufactured and frequency-response experiment shows the two vibration modes can be excited at the same approximately frequency. The speed characteristics of the actuator are measured and the maximum speed of 88.2 mm/s is obtained.
Design of Bypass-Throttle Hydraulic Cylinder Speed Control System Base on High-Speed On-Off Valve
Authors: Gao Qin He , Liu Zhi Hao , Song Hai Zhou , Liu Li Ming
Published: March 2013

Application of high-speed on-off valve in the hydraulic speed control system was researched in this paper. The bypass-throttle circuit application of high speed on-off valve is proposed to control the speed of hydraulic cylinder. The duty cycle of pulse control signal was changed according to the displacement of hydraulic cylinder to control the speed and weak the impact. The speed and accelerated speed curves of hydraulic cylinder were achieved by the means of simulation with Simulink and experiment with FESTO is obtained, and research result shows that the applied scheme can effectively control the speed of hydraulic cylinder effectively.
Influence after Distributed Generation Access to the Distribution Network and its Reactive Power Control Strategy
Authors: Gu Ting Yun , Niu Wei , Yao Gang , Zhou Jie Na
Published: March 2013

Distributed generation technology is a new way of power generation and energy utilization, which has broad prospects for development. After Distributed Generation access to Distribution network near the load, the load distribution will changed.In this paper, discuss the different access location that distributed generation access to the distributed network has different influence to voltage and loss. At the same time, Combination of theory and practical example simulation to description of distributed power generation how to influence the distribution network voltage and network losses. Finally, it’s a brief introduction to the reactive power control strategy of distributed power generation systems.
Investigating the Interaction Mechanism of Gold Nanoparticles with Mercapto Amino Acids
Authors: Li Hui Qing , Wang Xiu Fang , Zhang Jun , Di Xiao Wei
Published: March 2013

Biomolecule functionalized gold nanoparticles offer a broad range of applications in biomedical and bioanalytical areas. In this work, we investigated the spectroscopy behavior of gold nanoparticles modified with mercapto amino acid, cysteine. We found that the interaction of gold nanoparticles with cysteine resulted in a shift in the plasmon bands to higher wavelengths at the lower concentration of cysteine and in acidity solution.
Study on the Influence Depth of Subgrade of Airport Runway under Different Loads of Plane
Authors: Zhang Xian Min , Bao Xuan , Wei Zhang
Published: March 2013

The thickness of the subgrade model has great impact on the frequency when analyzing the fundamental frequency of the runway by the finite element model, and airport runway under different model of plane will has different influence depth of subgrade. In this paper, an airport runway finite element model, which is base on elastic layer system theory, is established to be loaded different model of plane. The results show that the influence depth of subgrade under different aircraft types, as well as the relationship curves of the influence depth and frequency.
Research on Simulation for the Electronic Unit Pump Fuel Injection System of HXn5 Diesel Locomotive
Authors: Li Ming Hai , Zhou Zhe , Jia Xian Zhe
Published: March 2013

Parameters are obtained by mapping the entity structural electronic control unit pump injection system of HXn5 diesel locomotive introduced from USA. A simulation model was built up with GT-Fuel, which can well reflect the electromagnetic and hydraulic characteristics of the fuel injection system, as well as the fuel injection rate and fuel quantity. Compares with locally high-power diesel, the calculation curves show its superiority, which will establish a foundation for optimization and improvement of local fuel injection system.
The Research and Manufacture of Tundish of the New Flexible Planer Double-Enveloping Transmission Equipment
Authors: Xu Hua , Wen Rong Tian
Published: March 2013

To solve the technology improve of the tundish turning equipment of the steel works of the steel company, the flexible transmission equipment of the planer double-enveloping is designed based on the advanced technology of the planer double-enveloping toroidal worm pairs. the characters of the planer double-enveloping toroidal worm pairs and its research processing are introduced in this paper.
Study on Mechanical Behavior of NaHCO3 Extinguishing Powder
Authors: Jiang Yao Gang , Shi Fu Qiang , Shen Zhao Wu , Liao Xue Yan , Gong Zhi Gang
Published: March 2013

In order to promote NaHCO3 extinguishing powder farther application in explosion extinguishing fire field, Mechanical behavior of the loose and pre-compression NaHCO3 powder was studied by MTS and SHPB experimental apparatus. The results showed that the loose and pre-compression powder were viscous material. With pre-pressure increased, the density and yield strength of pre-compression power increased, but th e porosity decreased. With strain rate increased, the yield strength of pre-compression increased.
Oxygen-Enriched Combustion Technology Application and Economical Forecast in Cement Industry Kiln
Authors: Duan Yong Hua , Li Hui , Xu De Long , Zhang Le Le , Fan Xiao
Published: March 2013

Using combustion theory to research on the technical theoretical features of oxygen-enriched combustion technology application to the cement industry kiln. On the basis of this, engineering projects of that, a certain enterprise 3000 t/d cement clinker production line applied oxygen-enriched combustion technology, and its economic evaluation were calculated. The results showed that: applying Oxygen-enriched combustion technology to the existing cement clinker calcined equipments, the coal powder consumption, the volume of flue gas and CO2 concentration in the flue gas of unit cement clinker occurred regular changes, When the O2 concentration increased from 21% to 30%, the coal powder consumption decreased by 17.78%, the flue gas volume was reduced by 12.73% and the CO2 concentration in the flue gas increased to 76.57%. If the enterprise used the oxygen-enriched atmosphere of O2 concentration for 30% to form the coal combustion, it can save coal about 71.87 t/d, equipment production capacity increase by 41.75% and capture CO2 products about 2662 t. Every year, this resulted in the profit increasing 103 million yuan.
Controlling Factors of the Color of Jade Material – Taking Jilin An’lv Jade as Example
Authors: Li Xian Zhou , Zhong Chang Lin , Yang He Ting , Su Hang
Published: March 2013

Produced in Ji’an of Jilin Province, An’lv jade is named after Lvshui River in that region. The research shows that the main mineral composition of An’lv jade is lizardite and the type and content of the chemical constituent has great influence on the color of jade. Due to the “chromophore” of Fe, the jade is mainly in green, varying from light yellow green to dark green and even to blackish green along with the increment of content. However, some “non-chromophores” also affect depth (intensity) of the color of jade, for example, the color of jade becomes light and its transparency becomes better along with the increment of the content of Si, Al, Mg, OH.
Possible Substitutes of Epoxy Screed Filler with Secondary Raw Materials
Authors: Mészárosová Lenka , Drochytka Rostislav
Published: March 2013

Defects occurring in constructi ons go hand in hand with the need to prevent such defects. For this reason, there is a need to develop new preservative products. One of the availa ble alternatives for protecting floor surfaces is the use of epoxy screed s. This article deals with the development of a new epoxy screed that would utilize secondary raw materials as fi llers. The use of secondary raw materials is a very current issue, as their use cont ributes to resolving problems associated with their disposal.
Iterative Detection Scheme for Turbo-BLAST System with Adaptive Power Allocation in the Presence of Channel State Information Imperfection
Authors: Chen Xiao Min , Yu Xiao Dan , Tan Wei , Yu Xiang Bin
Published: March 2013

We propose an iterative detection scheme for Turbo-BLAST system with optimal power allocation in the presence of channel state information imperfection. The proposed scheme uses the channel estimation matrix for detection and treats the interference caused by channel estimation errors and additive white Gaussian noise as equivalent noise where the channel estimation matrix and the statistical characteristic of channel estimation errors are necessitated. Simulation results show the proposed algorithm is effective to improve bit error rate (BER) performance through iterative detection for modified Turbo-BLAST system with optimal power allocation in the presence of imperfect channel state information.
Fundamentals of Autonomous Robot Classes with a System of Stabilization of the Gripping Mechanism
Authors: Grigore Lucian Ștefăniță , Soloi Anton , Tiron Ovidiu , Răcuciu Ciprianiulian
Published: March 2013

The development of a family of autonomous robots with tracked propeller activated by electrical engines and equipped with very precise „human hand-likeˮgripping will allow their use in various fields. The precision is also ensured by the introduction into the driving system, more precisely into the basis of the driving system, of a stabilizing system of the operational platform. Providing a photovoltaic-type power supply will increase the autonomy of the robot. Finally, the installation of a GoPro Be a HERO s outdoor edition professional camera enables the viewing of an extended field and the transmission of the information to the user through Wi_FiBacPac + Remote compatible. There are many remote areas or whose medium is improper to a direct human intervention. That is why the development of such a family of autonomous robots is extremely useful.
Human Brain Phantom Modeling: Concentration and Temperature Effects on Relative Permittivity
Authors: Chew Kim Mey , Sudirman Rubita , Seman Norhudah , Yong Ching Yee
Published: March 2013

This paper discusses on selecting the most appropriate material for developing human-like brain phantom. It aims to investigate the effect of concentration and temperature to relative permittivity of a sample. This phantom was developed as a human-like brain for tumour detection using microwave signal. Result shows that plant gelatine is a stable and appropriate material for building phantom than agar-agar. A few models were developed based on the proposed ratio of mixture.
PD Control Law for Trajectory Tracking of Chaotic Pendulum
Authors: Perez Joel P. , Perez Jose P. , Rdz Francisco , Flores Angel H.
Published: March 2013

This paper presents the application of trajectory tracking using the adaptive neural network to the double chaotic pendulum. The proposed controller structute is composed of a neural identifier and a PD Control. Experimental results with the chaotic pendulun shown the usefulness of the proposed approach. To verify the analytical results, an example of dynamical network is simulated and a theorem is proposed to ensure the tracking of the nonlinear system.
Arc-Fault Detection Method Research Based on Wavelet Transformation
Authors: Xiang Xin Jian , Lin Zhang
Published: March 2013

The arc-fault is the main reason that cause electric fires. The technology of arc-fault circuit interrupters (AFCI) is the new circuit protection technology and it could avoid arc-fault causing fire effectively. The appearance of arc-fault can not be predicted. The traditional time domain or frequency domain analysis method for arc-fault signal processing is not ideal because it’s inaccurate and not in time. This paper bases on characteristics of arc-fault signals and analyzes the series connection arc-fault signal by Daubechies wavelet transform in 4 orders. As a result, it can provide the characteristics of arc-fault and detect arc-fault effectively and timely. This method is confirmed reliability by the simulation result and provides the theoretical basis of the development of AFCI.
Copolymerization of Carbon Dioxide and Propylene Oxide with Multi-Metal Cyanide Complexes as Catalyst
Authors: Lu Ling Bin , Zhang Wu Yuan , Lin Qiang , Pan Li Sha , Pang Su Juan , Xu Nai
Published: March 2013

A novel and green mechanochemical technique, the grinding-based method, was applied for synthesis of multi-metal cyanide (MMC) complexes. In order to discovery the effect of metal element on structure and catalyst efficiency, the obtained three MMCs were made from deferent three metal salts groups, which including ZnCl2 to NiCl2 to K3Fe(CN)6 molar ratio of 4:3:1 (MMC-1), ZnCl2 to NiCl2 to K3Co(CN)6 molar ratio of 4:4:1 (MMC-2), and ZnCl2 to NiCl2 to K4Fe(CN)6, respectively. And three MMCs were further used for copolymerization of CO2 and propylene oxide. FTIR and 1H NMR results shown, the alternating copolymerization obtained anticipated poly(propylene carbonate) with high catalytic activity. Comparing to the conventional solvent-based synthesis, the strikingly efficient and practically applicable grinding-based method reveals clear merits for syntheses of MMC complexes.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline MgO for Optical Applications Using Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Ravichandran K. , Vaishnavi S. , Nedumaran D.
Published: March 2013

This paper describes the preparation and characterization of nanocrystalline Magnesium Oxide (MgO) using sol-gel technique for optical applications. The prepared nanocrystalline MgO was chemically homogeneous, very pure and specifically hydroxylated and was characterized by standard techniques. The size of the prepared nanoparticle was found to be 27.38 nm ± 0.65 nm and exhibited a face centered–cubic structure and exhibited two lifetimes viz., 1 = 0.24 ns and 2 = 8.9 ns. Its binding energy was found to be 50.9 eV, which showed the formation of single phase MgO on the surface. It behaved as semiconductor over the temperature range of 500 °C to 660 °C and as perfect insulator in the temperature range 100 °K to 300 °K.
Study on Cellar Behaviors on Different Micro/Nano Structures of Anodic Aluminum Oxide Template
Authors: Huang Chiung Fang , Cheng Hsin Chung , Lin Yi , Shen Yung Kang
Published: March 2013

In this paper, we are investigating the different cultured structures scale in micrometer and nanometer. The experiment have been fabricated four types aluminum substrate structures which included none-structure, micro-structure, nano-structure, and combined micro/nano structure to fulfill the research in osteoblast-like cell (MG 63). Finally we performed the sterilization method to deal with the patterns of alumina sheet product in the clean room. Meanwhile, we demonstrated the osteoblast-like cell (MG63) to culture on the thin film. Finally, we have been used MTT assay study the behavior of cultured osteoblast-like cell to obtain the different properties between none-structure、micro-structure, nano-structure and micro/nano structure for adhesion, elongation and proliferation.
Finite Element Analysis in Femoral Fixation with TA3 Titanium Compressioll Plate
Authors: Tang Gang , Liu Shi Lei , Wang Dong Mei , Wei Gao Feng , Wang Cheng Tao
Published: March 2013

To analyze the stress shielding in femoral fixation with TA3 Titanium compressioll plate by using the finite element method. Firstly, establish TA3 Titanium compressioll plate, screws and three-dimensional geometric model of the femur; and its mesh, and the establishment of the corresponding three-dimensional finite element model; the final definition of material properties, and load boundary conditions. During standing state, the strength of plate and screw has been analyzed by the finite element method, while the femoral stress shielding has been analyzed. Standing stress when compared to normal bone stock, TA3 Titanium compressioll plate and screws for femoral stress shielding effect is not obvious. Established in this paper plate on the femur stress shielding of the analytical method can be widely applied in other state analysis of stress shielding bone fracture.
Modulation of the Structures and Properties of Bacterial Cellulose Film by Fermentation Carbon Sources
Authors: Yang Guang , Xie Jian Jian
Published: March 2013

Bacterial cellulose (BC), a natural pure cellulose synthesized by some bacteria, shows great potentials for wound dressing applications. In order to obtain suitable properties, different fermentation carbon sources, i.e. glucose, maltose and sucrose were used to synthesize BC films by static culture. The crystallinity and pore analysis was performed by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy and nitrogen physisorption measurements, respectively. Some important properties of BC materials from different carbon sources were investigated, such as the mechanical strength, water holding capacity, water swelling ratio and water diffusion ability, which were key parameters for wound dressing applications. For comparison, the conventional cotton fiber was used as control. It was found that the carbon sources could change both the structures and properties of BC. The sucrose-derived BC exhibited lower crystallinity, but more suitable mechanical property, higher water holding capacity and water swelling ratio than other samples. All tested BC samples showed higher water holding capacity and water swelling ratio, but lower water diffusion property than the cotton fibers which were expected as good wound-healing biomedical materials.
Directing Osteoblast Alignment and Elongation on the Micro-Grooved Silica-Based Hybrid Membrane
Authors: Chen Song , Hanagata Nobutaka
Published: March 2013

Silica-chitosan hybrid was synthesized from a mixture of chitosan and glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and then coated on a microgrooved polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold to produce the microgrooved silica-chitosan hybrid membrane. After incubated with osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells, the microgrooved hybrid membranes strongly directed the alignment and elongation of cells and exhibited a strong cell contact guidance ability, indicating a potential application as engineering bone tissue regenerative materials.
The Unique Antimicrobial Effects of Trimolybdate Nanowires
Authors: Jiang Yu Jie , Gang Jian , Xue Jiong Wei , Ye Jian Wen , Tang Jie , Xu Sheng Yong
Published: March 2013

Trimolybdate nanowires are good candidates for antibacterial applications. We performed systematic experiments to show the antibacterial effects of these nanowires, in particular, K2Mo3O10•3H2O nanowires and Ag-doped trimolybdate nanowires Ag2-x(NH4)xMo3O10•3H2O. A unique phenomenon was observed in the experiments using K2Mo3O10•3H2O nanowires as the antibacterial agent, which made the Cuyitococcus Neofonmans cells grow larger but inhibited their ability in reproduction. The Ag-doped nanowires could sufficiently eliminate the growth of E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. We also demonstrated that by using this contact mechanism, certain bacteria could be used as onsite micro-sensors for detecting the occurrence of Ag-doped nanowires diffused through porous media.
Programming Hypothesis on Life Phenomena and the Key Processes Simulation
Authors: Ma Jun , Li Shu Yan , Ma Yi De
Published: March 2013

The formula that life process follows is a major scientific mystery during centuries. Some people put programming thoughts into this field like Gates brought the idea that “Human DNA is like a computer program but far, far more advanced than any software we’ve ever created”[1]. Here we proposed a more specific hypothesis on this topic as that DNA is a set of p-code[2] and the enzymes which control chemical reactions and transport processes in cell metabolism are the basic instructions. Based on this hypothesis, some program models were developed successfully in this work to simulate the key processes of life phenomena: gene expression, cell division and differentiation, and life evolution. The results of these simulations show that there is a high level of similarity between life phenomena and computer programs; the process of cell differentiation and evolution of life can be explained in a programming way. These models also suggest that reflection technology[3, 4] is essential to life process. Besides, C-value paradox, N-value paradox[5] and pseudogene as well as some other biological problems could be also explained by these programming models. These conclusions imply that life phenomena are consistent with the concept of “process” in computer fields.
Alginate–Chitosan Nanocapsules for Controlled Release of Low Molecular Drugs Tegafur and DHAD
Authors: Liu Yuan Gang , Mao Hong Hao , Wang Shi Bin , Sun Qing Qing
Published: March 2013

Alginate–chitosan nanocapsules (Alg-CS NCs) were prepared by a two-stage process. The NCs were loaded with two low molecular drugs-tegafur and Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride(DHAD). Results revealed that these two drugs exhibited different drug loading and release characteristics. The drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of tegafur (<1%) were both lower than those of DHAD with the drug loading at about 20%~60% and encapsulation efficiency over 90%. However, tegafur showed a visible burst release phenomenon and the cumulative release rate of tegafur was much higher than that of DHAD.
In Situ Fatigue Crack Initiation Monitoring in NiTi Rotary Endodontic Instruments
Authors: Shin C.S. , Liu C.Y. , Hsu S.C.
Published: March 2013

During clinical operation in root canals, NiTi endodontic rotary instruments are subjected to alternating tension and compression and are prone to accidental fracture without prior warning. Once broken, extracting the fractured part from the canal is difficult and is annoying to both the patient and the dentist. Warning of an imminent fracture during clinical use will be a great help to avoid medical and legal complications. To this end, a monitoring technique that involves the picking up and analysis of the stress wave signals due to the cutting and rubbing at the canal wall-instrument blade interface was investigated. Both the stress wave conducted through solid and the sound wave conducted in air were monitored. The former was picked up by a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) and the latter with a microphone. When cracking developed in a rotary instrument, we expect the natural vibration frequency of the instrument as well as the characteristics of cutting/rubbing with the canal wall change. From the raw signal intensity history, it is possible to differentiate whether the instrument is operating but there is no clue when a fatigue crack has initiated. By employing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on the signal, we can reveal the energy associated with different frequencies. With characteristic frequency we refer to the frequency that is associated with the highest signal intensity. It was found that the energy intensity of the characteristic frequency varied in a well-defined pattern during the process of fatigue testing of the rotary instrument. Towards the end of fatigue life, a large intensity spike of the characteristic frequency was observed and this was shown to be associated with the occurrence of a fatigue crack. It is hoped that with this information, the fatigue failure of rotary instruments can be closely monitored to avoid/alleviate the occurrence of unexpected fracture during clinical use.
Preparation and Properties on Gelatin from Fish Scale
Authors: Sha Xiao Mei , Tu Zong Cai , Wang Hui , Shi Yan , Liu Guang Xian , Man Ze Zhou , Huang Tao , Zhang Lan
Published: March 2013

The effect of solid-liquid ratio, pH, temperature, time on yield and gel strength of gelatin from fish scale was researched. The best process was obtained. That was solid-liquid ratio1:15, pH5.5, temperature 80°C, time 2h. In this condition, yield of gelatin was 55.782%, and gel strength was 571g. In addition, properties were compared between fish gelatin and mammalian gelatin. The results showed gel strength, foaming ability and water absorption of fish gelatin were better than mammalian gelatin. The emulsifying properties of fish gelatin were worse than mammalian gelatin. Foaming stability and water retention of fish gelatin were almost the same with mammalian gelatin.
Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Bio-Detection Areas Used in Centrifugal Microfluidic Platforms
Authors: Lin I En , Ye Yi Ling , Liang Ding Yuan , Chen Bang Wei
Published: March 2013

The CD-ELISA is a self-contained micro-device that incorporates low-power micro-ﬂuidic components and high-sensitivity immune-molecules, and is capable of performing parallel and multiple tests with high precision. The CD platform integrates number of micro-ﬂuidic functions. Bio-detection area is the most important region which directly affects measurement results. In this study, both theoretical and experimental results were compared to show the feasibility design of bio-detection region.
Complete Nucleotide Sequence of 3D Gene from Duck Hepatitis a Virus Strain H Isolated in China
Authors: Cao Qian Da , Cheng An Chun , Wang Ming Shu
Published: March 2013

Duck viral Hepatitis(DVH) has caused great loss on waterfowl industry within the scope of world. 3D gene, lies in the P3 segment of the Picornavirus genome, is highly conserved and responsible for virus RNA replication. More and more attention was paid on DVH recently, but the bioinformation about 3D gene is limited. Generally, bioinformatic methods analysis plays an important role in studying genes. Here in this article we intend to put some new information of 3D gene from H strain of duck hepatitis virus type A for further research.
Complete Nucleotide Sequence Analysis of Outer Membrane Efflux Protein Gene of 1347bp ORF from Riemerella anatipestifer
Authors: Shen Dan Dan , Cheng An Chun , Wang Ming Shu
Published: March 2013

A 1347bp complete open reading frame of the Riemerella anatipestifer outer membrane efflux protein﹙GenBank No.CP003388﹚was analyzed by bioinformatics software. The gene encoded a protein of 448 amino acids, Molecular weight was 50811.1. The formula of the outer membrane efflux protein gene is C2265H3639N609O689S12. There was no transmembrane region and signal peptide. six N-glycosylation sites, one cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site, eight Protein kinase C phosphorylation sites, ten Casein kinase II phosphorylation sites, four Tyrosine kinase phosphorylation sites, five N-myristoylation sites, one Cell attachment sequence. The sequence of Riemerella anatipestifer outer membrane efflux protein shared high homology with other members of flavobacterium. These results will lay the foundation for further study.
Study on Stress Concentration and Fatigue of Prosthetic Blood Vessels
Authors: Chen Guo Ping , Zhu Shui Wen
Published: March 2013

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the stress concentration and fatigue of the prosthetic blood vessels. A three-dimensional finite element analysis was performed with three loading. The good man fatigue thoery was introduced for the fatigue study. As the results, the stress concentration and fatigue mode can be determined. The results prove that the mechanical property of the prosthetic blood vessels can be smiulated through the finite element analysis.
The Study on the Impact of Microbial Community Structure by the Different Intermediate Concentration of Pharmaceutical Wastewater
Authors: Gu Fu Guang , Chen Zhao Bo , Wang Xiao Yu , Wang Hong Cheng , Hao Jin Yang
Published: March 2013

There is a certain amount of intermediate and other ingredient in pharmaceutical wastewater .These pharmaceutical will have a big effect on microorganism in sewage treatment plant. So this article discussed the study one impact of microbial community structure by the different intermediate concentration of Pharmaceutical waste water .The study shows that Microbial community structure are diversity in the pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plant.With the change of the environment some microbes are reduced or even disappear and some microbes are gradually produce. The microbes which have a big effect by different environment have adapt to 7-ACA, won the resistance and become a part of microbial community in stationary phase.
Analysis of M Gene of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Isolates in Different Regions of Sichuan Province
Authors: Mei Jiang , Xiao Yang Ze , Ping Yao Xue , Bin Peng , Bo Liu , Long Wu Xu , Yin Wang , Choezom Tsering
Published: March 2013

The highly conserved M gene of the virus PEDV that caused pigling diarrheas in 8 different regions of Sichuan was cloned and sequenced to confirm that these diarrheas were caused by virus of at least 4 different strains. Sequence analysis was then conducted to the measured gene sequence to obtain their genetic relationships with the CV777 strain and their positions in the phylogenetic tree. Bioinformatics software DNAStar Protean was utilized to predict the antigenic domain of M gene which encoded M protein of the CV777 strain. Truncation gene corresponded to major antigenic domain was selected for analysis of its secondary structure, flexible region of protein skeleton (protein backbone) and predict the surface accessibility. Online prediction of hydrophilicity of this protein and transmembrane domains were also conducted. All these were done for the purpose of finding out whether the angigenicity changes when mutation of the four cloned unused M genes occurs.
Preservation of Fresh Areca Nuts with Several Herbal Medicine Extracts
Authors: Shi Zai Feng , Chen Guang Ying , Zhang Xiao Peng , Qi Xiao Wei
Published: March 2013

In order to explore effects of Chinese herbal medicine extracts on preservation of fresh areca nuts, extracts from ginger, garlic and leaves of several Hainan tropical drug plants such as Macaranga hemsleyana Pax ＆ Hoffm, Canthium horridu Bl., Hainania trichosperma Merr., Vatica mangachapoi Blanco, together with water-soluble chitosan were used to preserve fresh areca nut. In the process, changes of apparent, weight loss, pH value, VC content and total sugar content were determined. Results showed that the Macaranga hemsleyana Pax ＆ Hoffm extracts give the best fresh preservation effects on areca nuts. With the same preservation time, fresh areca nuts rate is the highest and changes of every measured value are smallest. The fresh keeping period can be stretched from 12days to 21days under the same circumstance.
Multi-Functional Biomemory Device Composed of Recombinant Metalloprotein
Authors: Choi Jeong Woo
Published: March 2013

We developed a multi-functional biomemory device composed of cytochrome c and recombinant azurins which have different metal ions in the core. Azurin, one of the well-known metalloproteins, was modified by attaching cysteine residue containing thiol functional group for direct immobilization without chemical linkers. The immobilization of metalloproteins was confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy. The redox properties of immobilized recombinant azurin were validated with cyclic voltammetry (CV), and memory functions using various metalloprotein structures were confirmed by the technique of open circuit potential amperometry (OCPA). We achieved various practical functions based on basic memory functions including write, erase, and read using recombinant azurin and other metalloproteins, and this proposed multifunctional biodevice could be directly applied to the realization of bioelectronics device for next generation, such as single molecular functional device, bioprocessor and biocomputing system.
Prediction of Apoptosis Proteins Subcellular Location Using Evolutionary Profiles and Motifs Information
Authors: Li Tao , Li Qian Zhong
Published: March 2013

Apoptosis proteins are very important for regulating the balance between cell proliferation and death. Because the function of apoptosis protein is closely related to its subcellular location, it is desirable to explore their function by predicting the subcellular location of apoptosis protein. In this paper, based on evolutionary profiles and motifs information of protein sequences, an approach for predicting apoptosis proteins subcellular location is presented by using support vector machine (SVM). When the method is applied to three data sets (98 apoptosis proteins dataset, 225 apoptosis proteins dataset and 317 apoptosis proteins dataset), the overall accuracies of our method on the three data sets reach 95.9%, 86.7% and 91.8% in the jackknife test, respectively. The higher predictive success rates indicate that the proposed method is very useful for apoptosis proteins subcellular localization.
An Aptamer-Modified Nanogold Method for the Determination of Trace Ag+ Using Resonance Rayleigh Scattering as Detection Technique
Authors: Jiang Zhi Liang , Lin Chen Yin , Liang Ai Hui
Published: March 2013

Aptamer was modified the gold nanoparticle (AuNP) to form stable aptamer-AuNP probe that was not gathered in the pH 7.2 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) buffer solution and in the presence of NaCl. The Ag+ react with the aptamer-AuNP probe to fold a hairpin structure complex of Ag+-aptamer and release AuNPs that were aggregated to large particles, which lead to resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) peak at 596 nm enhancement. The enhanced value ΔI596nm is linear to Ag + concentration in the range of 6.7×10-8-1.33×10-6 mol/L. Thus, a new RRS methods were proposed for detection of Ag+, with high sensitivity, good selectivity and simplicity.
Research on Friction Properties of VC/Fe-Based Composites
Authors: Li Yang , Sun Zhi Ping , Wang Rui Feng , Zhang Guo Jun
Published: March 2013

The effect of different load, revolving speed, content of VC and sintering process on the friction coefficient of VC/Fe-based composites was investigated systemically. Besides, the wear morphology of VC/Fe-based composites were researched with an environment scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and the phase composition were studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD).The research shows that the wear mechanism of VC/Fe-based composites are abrasive wear and adhesive wear.