bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of stability factors and interaction rules of soil slope under heavy rainfall
Authors: Yong Zhao , Liu-bing Zhu , Wen-yi Hu , Ling-qiang Chen , yongzhe Zuo , chaoqun Wei
Published: August 2020

Short-term heavy rainfall is an important inducement factor of soil landslide disaster in southern China. In order to study the influence degree of different factors on slope stability under heavy rainfall conditions, combining numerical simulation and mathematical statistics method, taking a certain slope in Guangzhou as the engineering background, the slope stability coefficient was calculated based on the coupling of Seep/W and Slope/W modules in Geo-studio software. Then the orthogonal experiment designed by Minitab was used to select rainfall intensity, rainfall time, cohesion, internal friction angle and severity for univariate range and variance analysis. On this basis, the rainfall intensity, rainfall time and internal friction angle were selected for the multi-factor interactive analysis. The results show that the five factors have significant influence on the slope stability. The order of sensitivity is: angle of internal friction of residual soil > rainfall intensity > rainfall time > cohesion > heavy. The interaction between the Angle of internal friction and rainfall has a high influence on the slope stability. The effect of interaction on slope stability should be emphasized in slope warning.
Microplastic pollution control strategy
Authors: Zhong Wei , Li Shengnan
Published: August 2020

As a new pollutant, microplastics have attracted more and more attention. This paper discusses the primary and secondary sources of microplastics and the ecological impact, and reveals the urgency of microplastics pollution control in the current environmental pollution. In order to deal with the deteriorating environmental problems caused by microplastics, it is proposed to strengthen policy support from the perspective of legislation, clarify relevant responsibilities, improve technical standards, and scientifically divide the types of microplastics. This study proposes to improve the ability to integrate the industrial chain from a technical perspective, and to control the production of microplastics from the source to solve the environmental pollution problems caused by microplastics.
Influence of W-type and U-type ventilation methods on working face
Authors: Guo Linming , Yao Jianwei , Xiashou Su
Published: August 2020

To study the influence of U-type ventilation and W-type ventilation on working face and goaf, the monitoring data of gas, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and other gas concentration and air volume in working face 9-204 and 9-211 of Dianping Coal Mine were systematically analyzed. The results show that under the W-type ventilation mode, the air leakage of the working face is small, which will not cause gas accumulation at the upper corner and the end; there is no spontaneous combustion in the gob of these two working faces, so the advancing speed of these work face matches the spontaneous combustion period; the oxidation degree of the coal left in the gob with U-type ventilation is slightly higher than that with the W-type ventilation.
Research on reducing NOx emissions during start-up period of ultra-supercritical 1000MW unit
Authors: Zhang Leying , Shen Zhiyong , Li Dong , Li Jun
Published: August 2020

Due to the limitation of boiler operating condition, the NOx emission from coal-fired power plant will exceed the standard during the start-up period (the initial stage of grid connection). According to the specific situation of 1000MW ultra-supercritical coal-fired unit in Taizhou Power Generation Co., Ltd. of China Energy Group, this paper analyzes the NOx emission and the reasons for exceeding the standard in the start-up period of the unit. In order to solve this problem, this paper puts forward several measures to reduce NOx emission during unit start-up.
Analysis on the Cost Control of Container Liner Shipping Companies under the Global Sulphur Limit Directive
Authors: Ouyang Yuqing
Published: August 2020

With the increasing attention of the international community to the ecological environment, shipping companies should take environmental protection into account while pursuing economic interests. The introduction of “Global Sulphur Limit Directive” shows that the shipping industry attaches great importance to environmental protection. However this directive also brings many challenges to shipping companies. This paper is about the cost control of container liner shipping companies under the “Global Sulphur Limit Directive”. It analyzes the inevitability of sulphur emission control in container liner shipping companies under the “Global sulphur limit Directive”, lists the existing approaches of sulphur emission control of container liner shipping companies and analyzes the impact of this directive on container liner shipping companies. Finally, based on the main challenge—the rise of operating cost, some suggestions are given in this paper.
Effect of different calcium salt on rheology, color and odors of pear jam
Authors: Cao Xuehui , Wang Zhenni , Bai Ge , Zhu Danshi
Published: August 2020

This paper investigated the effects of pear jam with different calcium salt, calcium chloride, calcium acetate and calcium lactate on the properties of jam. The rheological, physicochemical and electronic nose of jam were studied. The results showed that every calcium salts added could change in the rheology of the jam. The rheology viscosity order in jam was calcium chloride > calcium acetate > calcium lactate. Also, the differences in the soluble solids, VC, color and odors were observed among the jam samples in the experiment. The addition of calcium salts made the content of soluble solids and VC increased, titratable acidity, color and odors couid be retained. The use of calcium salt improved quality of pear jam. They would improve consumer acceptance.
Research and test of electrochemical corrosion in NC machining of 7 series aluminum alloy aircraft structure parts
Authors: Xu Qiang , Chen Xuezhen , Fei Ya , Wang Wei
Published: August 2020

In order to avoid the corrosion of 7 series aircraft aluminum alloy structural parts in the process of NC machining. For GB6144 and JB7453, in the process of 7 series alloy aluminum aircraft structural parts NC machining, the evaluation of the anti-corrosion performance of the water-based cutting fluid used in the evaluation of the material pertinence is not strong, the time length index is insufficient, and the galvanic corrosion performance is lack. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of corrosion by combining the processing conditions and processing environment of 7 series alloy aluminum aircraft structural parts, a semi immersion corrosion test was designed to compare the electrochemical corrosion resistance of four water-based synthetic cutting fluids. The test can evaluate and compare the anti-corrosion performance of different cutting fluids for 7 series alloy aluminum aircraft structure, and provide guidance for the optimization and management of 7 series alloy aluminum aircraft structure.
Two phase numerical simulation of continuous abrasive water jet system based on EDEM
Authors: Li Liangwei
Published: August 2020

To improve continuous supply ability of present pre mixed abrasive water jet (AWJ) system, a new type of continuous AWJ is proposed and its formation mechanism is revealed. Simulation of abrasive entrance and a mixing chamber, pipes, cutting nozzle flow field data using FLUENT software, with area ratio M change, the abrasive cutting nozzle end pressure and entrance into contradiction, the curve of intersection of M=5 is the key point of abrasive jet and material handling division. The solid-liquid coupling simulation method of abrasive particles and water was formed by using edem software.
Deformation Control Study on Foundation Pit Support by Pre-stressed Pile-anchor
Authors: Qiang Zhang
Published: August 2020

In this paper, through the study of the optimization design of the prestressed anchor foundation pit excavation, the problems that are not considered in the design calculation of the multi-pivot pile anchor support are analyzed. At the same time, according to the design and calculation of foundation pit excavation, the optimization model of the prestressed anchor to effectively control the deformation of foundation pit is put forward under the condition of not considering the support design of foundation pit, only considering the influence of construction.
Safety risk analysis and control of tower crane
Authors: Jiang Tiantian
Published: August 2020

Tower crane is one of the vertical transport machinery widely used in the construction at present. Due to its own structure and safety management defects, accidents often occur and have serious consequences [1]. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the safety accidents of tower crane. In this paper, through a large number of accident statistical analysis and expert interviews, from the analysis of the entire process of tower crane installation, use and disassembly stage, the accident tree with the tower crane safety incident as the top event is established. Through the qualitative analysis of the accident tree, the minimum cut (diameter) set is obtained, on this basis, the structural importance of all basic events is sorted, the main factors affecting the safety accident of the tower crane are determined, and the corresponding management and control are proposed, and provide a basis for preventing tower crane accidents and controlling tower crane risks.
Research on Smart Artisan on Modern Apprenticeship Pattern in the Era of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Ni Hui-jun
Published: August 2020

This paper explores the smart artisan-cultivating strategies of modern apprenticeship and builds a system of craftsmanship’s upgrade under the deep integration of industrialization and information. This will play a certain role in promoting the cultivation of artisans based on the modern apprenticeship and even the progress of China’s energy industry. Further, this research provides useful tools for organizational career development through the power of enterprise’ examples of craftsmen.
Based on fuzzy theory analysis method applied to community underground building fire risk assessment
Authors: Wen Zhang Zheng
Published: August 2020

The overall stability of the underground building community is related to the community, and the fire safety of the underground building is the top priority. Starting from the fire safety of underground buildings, this paper establishes the fire safety risk assessment system of underground buildings, uses AHP to determine the index weight, then applies the fuzzy theory to the comprehensive evaluation of underground buildings, determines the grade of underground buildings, and applies the fuzzy theory to the community fire safety of underground buildings, hoping to provide some reference for community fire safety.
The effect of parking lots distribution arrangements on environmental noise level for the universities campuses
Authors: Hassan Susan Abed , Ibrahim Shatha AJ.
Published: August 2020

Recent years witnessed wide increased in private car numbers in Baghdad city. Cause of the lack of public transportations. That leads to increase of demands for car parking, which caused many environmental problems. Recent studies focused on the field of environmental noise levels reduction in cities and educational buildings. This research problem is that there were no obvious studies about the effect of parking lots distribution on environmental noise levels for the universities campuses. The aim of this research is to explore the environmental noise levels resulting from parking lots distribution arrangements within the southern complex at Al-Nahrain University in Baghdad. Software program had been adopted to measure the levels of environmental noise for the educational complex to determine the levels of environmental noise with the future prediction of environmental noise levels in the event of an increase in the number of car parking spaces.
The Role Of Addition In Leftover Places In The Sustainability Of Historical Buildings
Authors: Hussain Sarah Silan , Hussain Asmaa Muhamad
Published: August 2020

Leftover places are one of the phenomena faced by the built environment, which is subject to continuous renewal and development. These leftover are returned as empty spaces, sometimes positively exploited as green areas, and sometimes negative, to appear neglected. These leftover are distributed in different parts of the built environment. As for buildings, they are distributed around them - forward, backward, or lower, and sometimes above or between two buildings. Interference with these places appears as additions or as an expansion of existing buildings. The previous knowledge dealt with the nature of these additions from different aspects, especially in the historical buildings in terms of controls and determinants, but the need appears to clarify the effect of adding on these buildings and the sustainability of their functional and formal performance, so the research problem stipulated the “need to explore the role of the addition within the leftover places of historical buildings in its functional and formal sustainability”. The research methodology was based on three phases: the first is to build a conceptual framework on the concept of sustainability and its dimensions, the concept of sustainable preservation of historical buildings, its policies and levels, and its relation to the concept of leftover places, their types, objectives, and characteristics. Secondly, building a theoretical framework, which is the first step in solving the research problem, which addresses the concept of addition, its justifications, and types, as well as the policies and criteria for adding to historical buildings, and thirdly, conducting an applied study on selected samples from historical buildings, “local and global”, which were exposed to addition interventions, which were divided into two groups according to the functional and site diversity, finally, analyze the results and determine the conclusions. The most important findings of the research are despite the existence of a conflict between changing needs and between values and intellectual and architectural meanings of historical buildings, but this conflict represents the starting point for contemporary additions that achieve sustainability by embracing the past with all its values, the present with all its appearance and the future with all its manifestations.
The effect of the characteristics formation of urban open space on thermal comfort for pedestrian
Authors: Ibraheem Samer Qais , Hassan Susan Abed
Published: August 2020

Urban spaces are prominent urban configurations for the cities, its important came from its role on encourage human daily social communication and activities. During last decades several studies searched on achieving thermal comfort in cities and urban spaces, the importance of providing thermal comfort at the urban scale in the city had emerged because of its importance to pedestrian daily activities. However, the study of the characteristics formation of open spaces and their effect on providing thermal comfort in the city of Baghdad as an example of hot dry areas was not addressed previously, and this is what represents the research problem. This research aims to analyze the reality of the situation of (Al Ghurery Square) in Al Rashid Street and study the effect of its formal properties on thermal comfort Using Envi-Met Software. The results showed that the Predicted mean vote, Mean radiant temperature near the arcade surrounding the semicircular building achieved better results as compare to street space. While the wind speeds in the street space was higher.
The spatial organization strategies of productive cities
Authors: Hasan N A
Published: August 2020

The cities provide the possibility of achieving gains and production opportunities, and the productive city has been explored as an important advantage of sustainable development, as productivity and sustainability challenges and opportunities are part of an interconnected relationship and dynamically system. Studies have focused on the way in which places are designed at the local level as a major – enabler factor to productivity, and that strategic design interventions can drive evolutions towards a higher level of aspirant. Accordingly, the problem of the research was identified as “the absence of a theoretical framework for the spatial organization strategies and its role in productive cities development.”

To address the research problem, a theoretical framework has been built for the spatial organization strategies of productive cities and depend on its derived vocabulary to analyze a number of contemporary urban elected models that have adopted intervention and treatment procedures for the vocabulary and indicators of the subject of the research, which reflects the design strategies embodying what was presented by contemporary urban trends. The research reached a set of theoretical and practical conclusions concerning formulas that achieve the spatial organization strategies of productive cities.
Automation of the spatial indicators and the sustainability of regional planning
Authors: Ebraheem Ammar Khalil
Published: August 2020

They are many changes have been done in the spatial analysis work, by developing techniques and mathematical models, especially after rapid development in spatial information technologies, like GIS, GPS, an Remote Sensing, all previous discussing gives planners new capabilities through controlling on space and place variables, and how they can interpretation these variables as systems with relationship among them, with its huge numbers of elements. These technologies developed new kinds of indicators related to spatial dimension; these indicators take in it is values the weight value of location, so it represented more actual calculated value for location.

Research are selecting Holy Najaf Governorate to be it is case study, and to get spatial indictors can help to directed spatial development strategy for making spatial structural plan for governorate. We use cells analysis through potentiality analysis as one of simple spatial techniques can give us interesting spatial results, also the case study having variety and separated assets and resources, so the applying technique give us important results, like, there are no important or leader elements for developing process, but these will be done through actual exist for spatial potentiality, also, according to adapted policy by local governorate, in this case we are can putting different priorities depending on spatial capabilities for spatial development.
Structural Performance of Slender RC Columns with Cross and Square-Shaped under Compression Load
Authors: Abdualrahman Safaa Qays , Al-Zuhairi Alaa Hussein
Published: August 2020

The idea of using slender Reinforced Concrete (RC) columns with cross-shaped (+-shaped) instead of columns with square-shaped was discussed in this paper. The use of +-shaped columns provides many architectural and structural advantages, such as avoiding prominent columns edges and improved the structural response of member. Therefore, this study explores the structural response of slender +-shaped columns experimentally and numerically by nonlinear finite element analysis using Abaqus simulation tools. The results showed an excellent convergence in strength between numerical and test results with an average standard deviation of 0.05 and 0.07. Besides that, the use of +-shaped columns led to improve the ultimate strength and reduce deflections in all stages of loading, especially with the slenderness ratio more than 40, as compared with square-shaped column. Two design approaches were suggested to evaluate the ultimate strength of +-shaped columns with different slenderness ratios. Briefly, the results showed good structural response of +-shaped columns as compared with square-shaped columns, but further studies are needed to establish the behavior of this type of column, particularly with varying states of loading.
Experimental and finite element analysis study of die geometrical affect the forming load during extrusion process
Authors: Shukur Jalil J. , Jaber Adil Sh.
Published: August 2020

The effect of extrusion parameters on the extrusion of A1100 pure aluminum was investigated with the aid of numerical methods. With this regard, the process parameters, three die angles (15°,30°, 45°), and three forming velocities (1,2,3 mm/min) were studied. Besides, the experimental results were analyzed using the finite element analysis (FEA) using ANSYS 16. All the experimental and numerical results were compared to each other and it was concluded from the results that the effect of die geometry on the forming load is more dominant than forming velocity. In addition, it was observed that the increase in the extrusion speed causes a significant increase in the forming load for all die angles.
Numerical and experimental study for assessment the effect of baffles in a grooved cavity
Authors: Yasin Aya H. , Yasin Nabil J.
Published: August 2020

The present study is concentrated on the effect of using baffles (as abstraction means) in a cavity to enhance the heat transfer. For this purpose, an experimental and numerical study was carried out. In the experimental study, a test rig consists of a groove rectangular duct and square baffle at three different positions at the top wall with a constant heat flux applied at the bottom wall was built up and used. In the numerical study, mesh generation and finite volume analysis were performed using Ansys. 18 with (k-ε Relazabel) turbulent model to calculate the pressure drop, temperature, and heat transfer rate. The study was concentrated on the effect of baffle position, and number for the range of Reynolds number (4000-16000) and Grashof’s number between (107-108) using air with (Pr=0.7) as a working fluid. The results show that inserting a square baffle at the right position of the cavity leads to increasing of Nusselt number by (73%) comparing to that cavity with no baffles and (60%), (67%) with that at left and center position for the baffle. Comparing numerical and experimental shows a good agreement between them with a maximum deviation (12%), also a close agreement notice when comparing the present results with some of the previous works.
Novel Wall-Climbing Robot Capable of Transitioning and Perching
Authors: Mahmood S K , Bakhy S H , Tawfik M A
Published: August 2020

The main restriction facing wall climbing robots WCRs during travelling is the adaptation to specific type of surfaces. In general, the applications of climbing robots have been grown with their ability to deal with various surfaces. Motivated by this realization, this paper presents an innovative design of propeller-type climbing robot, where it can work on different types of surfaces. Also this work includes a comprehensive survey of propeller-type wall climbing PRWCR, where the robots of related works are analyzed in order to provide the required background to evaluate the major advantages and shortcomings of the current work. The proposed robot has two ground navigation modes; these modes supported two different ground-wall transitioning scenarios. To overcome the limitation on power source, the mission life was extended by proposing perching mechanism. The real climbing robot is manufactured, and the experiments are conducted in this research in order to check the robot performance.
Four Earing’s Prediction in Deep Drawing of AISI 1008 Steel Sheet Conical Product
Authors: Jweeg Muhsin J. , Mohammed Adnan I. , Jabbar Mohammed S.
Published: August 2020

Earing is a phenomenon that appears in deep drawing of parts produced using this process because of the anisotropic material properties. Most of, recent theories didn’t fully employ the mechanical materials properties, and ears number achieved depends on the FE simulation approaches. To anticipate the ears form issue in conical parts of AISI 1008 steel sheet deep drawing, in this work a new method is used to predict the earing formation during deep drawing. This method proposed combines the yielding limits and anisotropy r-values of the material to determine Hill48 yield criterion variables using several conical angles with several punch velocities. Equation for the value of yielding and anisotropy index for different orientation is used. AISI 1008 steel sheet is used as a case in this work, the zone of deformation or blank is partitioned radially to equal parts according to the anisotropic behavior. Hill48 yield function constants solved based on the material yielding point and anisotropy index together for the parallel deformed regions. A simulation using FE software for the process on the base of this method is executed to compare it results of lab work. and it noticed that Increasing speed may contribute slightly in decreasing the severity of anisotropy effect and this can be explained the process propagate the material need time to flow and if the speed increase this lead to increasing in strain hardening of the material[m]. Increasing die angle shows that the different between the highest point to lowest point in the cup edge may increase. This work produces a conductive and dependable way to anticipate the forms of earing during cup drawing, which will have positive effective in manufacturing implementations and numerical outcomes and shows high agreement with lab work.
Fatigue behavior and fractography in friction stir welding zones of dissimilar aluminum alloys (AA5086-H32 with AA6061-T6)
Authors: Mousa Ahmed B , Abbass Muna K , Hussein S K
Published: August 2020

Dissimilar aluminum alloys of AA5086-H32 with AA6061-T6 were welded by friction stir welding method using three different values of linear and rotating speed; V = 50, 75 and 90 mm/min., N = 680, 920 and 1500RPM. Tensile test was used to determine the efficiency of welded samples. The microstructure, hardness, XRD analysis and fatigue tests were studied for the welded sample with the highest tensile strength. The fatigue test was studied in the welding and the nearby region at a distance of x=5, 10 and 15 mm from the welding line. The fractured fatigue surface was analyzed using SEM. The welding speed used has an effect on the efficiency of the welded samples where the maximum welding efficiency (82%) was obtained at N = 680 and V = 75 mm/min. The microstructural analysis indicated that there is a significant elongation and bending in the grains of the thermo-mechanical affected zone (TMAZ) in the advance side (AA5086-H32) of the weld compared to the retreating side (AA6061-T6). The results of XRD and EDS indicated that there is no transition of phases between the two alloys. The maximum value of hardness was at the weld line and started to decrease away from it, hence the values of hardness at the advance side was higher compared to the retreating side. Fatigue strength of the welded samples was less than the wrought alloys.
Improvement of Corrosion and Erosion Resistance Properties for Cast Iron
Authors: Ali Muslim , Alshalal Iqbal , Al Zubaidi Faten N. , Yousif Ali R.
Published: August 2020

Cast iron is considered a very common material for manufacturing applications due to its low cost, easy casting and high stress compression sustains. One of the obstacles in the application of cast iron are the corrosion and erosion phenomena which limits using the cast iron in certain applications. To improve the resistance rate of cast iron to corrosion and erosion. Chromium material had been added to the gray cast iron as a function of weight with different ratios to check which ratio is perfect to increase its resistance. The effect of corrosion and erosion on cast iron was investigated experimentally with and without chromium additives on the resistance of gray cast iron with and without chromium additive. Results showed that the mechanical properties increased with the increase of the chromium ratio in the four cases in general to minimize the risk of material destruction from erosion-corrosion.
Improving the Specifications of Floor Coating by adding nanoclay
Authors: Hussein Seenaa I
Published: August 2020

In the present study the effect of weight percentage of nanoclay with epoxy resin coating on mechanical properties (impact strength, hardness, and wear rate), Adhesion test and thermal properties (thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), thermal expansion coefficient (CTE), the weight percentage of nano clay at (0,1,3,5,7) wt%, has been investigated. Results indicated, that when increase the weight ratio of nano clay the value of impact strength increased, hardness and decreasing wear rate up 5wt%, and at 7 wt% that the impact strength, hardness would be decreased and wear rate increase due to agglomeration of nano clay. The strength adhesion pull off of the epoxy coating was 1.76 Mpa, when adding nano clay, improve the adhesion properties of the epoxy coating at the ratio of 5%. The improved the thermal stability of the nanoclay filled with epoxy coating. Thermal stability is very important for coating materials.
Triple Solutions of Nanoparticle plus Polymer-Surfactant compound for Enhancing the Drag Reduction Using a Rotational Disk Apparatus
Authors: Alsaedi Sajda S , Shnain Zainab Y. , Rashed Musaab K. , Filip P
Published: August 2020

In this paper, the ability of three types of drag reduction agents (DRAs) has been investigated to assess the impact of adding a small amount part per million (ppm) of polymer and surfactant, as well as nanoparticle substances, as drag improvers of internal flow via a pipeline network. The selected DRAs have been tested in the rotating disk apparatus (RDA) at various concentrations in the range of (50-1200) ppm and various rotating disk velocities in the range of (50-3000) rpm. Multiple trials have been done to figure out the best substance for enhancing drag force reduction. Impacts of the shear rate on viscosity (μ) at various concentrations of polymer and surfactant solutions have been analyzed with rheologic tests. The results detect that all selected substances have proved to be effective drag improvers in internal flow. Torque values were decreased with increased DRA concentrations, which caused a significant increase in drag reduction percentage (%DR). The drag reduction percentage of complex solutions at the highest concentration of 1200 ppm, results in around (44-47) % DR. In contrast, the results of the individual solutions at the same concentration results in around (32-38) % DR.
Applying Carbon Nanotubes for Enhancing Fluid Flow
Authors: Shnain Zainab Y. , Alwasiti Asawer A. , Rashed Musaab K.
Published: August 2020

One of the economical important challenges in pipeline transportation is reducing the drag; e.g reducing the pressure drop along the pipe as much as possible. Although many efforts have been made, a universal mechanism and environmentally friendly approach to reduce the drag is still setbacks. The present work introduces an environmentally friendly method to reduce drag using microbubble, polyethylene oxide (PEO) with concentrations (100, 400,1100,1900 and 2500 ppm) and nanopaticles (carbon nano tube CNT) with concentrations (100, 400,1100,1900 and 2500 ppm). The pipeline loop was used to individually study the materials, their complexes as well as the combination of either of these with micro bubbles. The experiments were conducted in a pipeline loop to mimic the practice in the petroleum industries. The result showed that the drag reduction increases as flow and additive concentraons increases and the maximum reduction was 40% for PEO and 58% for CNT. The results also show that the use of blend additives has greater effect than the individual materials and combining the polymer, CNT suspended, and the microbubbles gave 80% drag reduction.
Design of Ultra-Wideband MIMO Antenna for Breast Tumor Detection
Authors: Muhajr A B , Mahdi J f , Khadhim M A
Published: August 2020

The breast tumor is rarely detected early; early detection helps to quickly and effectively treat. A number of methods are used to detect breast tumors, with mammography being the most popular breast screening method. Mammography is the X-ray tumor in the breast that has some limitation and is quite painful. Microwave imagery provides an enticing mammography alteration by detecting breast tumor using micro strip transmitter at microwave frequency. A fractal shaped UWB MIMO circular ring transmitter has a total size of 60 to 100 mm2 and has a range of frequencies from 3.1 until 12.0 GHZ. The transmitter is designed using (CST) Studio Suite 3D EM simulation and analysis software.
Design of Ultra-Wideband Microwave Antenna Array for Detection Breast Cancer Tumours
Authors: Ahmed S S , Mahdi J F , Kadhim M A.
Published: August 2020

Microwave imagery for identification of Breast cancer is based on the electrical contrast between fatty breast tissues. We implemented a simple fractal antenna in this paper (peano patch antenna) in the Ultra-Wideband frequency (6.744) GHZ as low as (-42.657 dB). For breast imaging on a microwave system, the option of antenna is made of an antenna array consisting of 18 antennas. For better detection of tumors, the antenna is positioned in a circular design so that it can be faced directly to the phantom of the breast. This choice is made by positioning the array antennas on the breast skin to test the magnetic, electrical fields and current density in healthy tissue of breast phantom built and simulated in the studio simulator CST Microwave.
Real measurement of optimal access point localizations
Authors: Zaal R M , Mustafa F M , Abbas E I , Mosleh M F , Abdulwahid M M
Published: August 2020

The widely applied location-based services require a high standard for positioning technology. With the development of the wireless communication technology, the positioning services based on Wi-Fi are increasingly demanded. To understand the positioning accuracy limits under a certain given Access Point topology and to be able to make design recommendations. This paper proposed a method for proper deployment of AP devices on the building of the electrical department in the university of technology and computing the measurements of the Received Signal Strength (RSS). Received Signal Strength measurement was obtained from different received points located within the targeted building. Many software can be used for the measuring of RSS values. In our work, it has been used Net Spot pro software. Net Spot is a software tool for wireless network assessment, scanning, and surveys, analyzing Wi-Fi coverage and performance. RSS reading were measured for four directions (North-South-East – West). It should mention that each RSS measurement obtained per each direction, is actually the average of 4 RSS measurement samples. This trend is to provide more accurate results than a single measurement Floor layout has been designed and imported to the software and used to allocate the measurements in the exact received point locations. The objective of this paper is to achieve full coverage area with less number of AP devices and reduce the total implementation costs.
Based on IoT Healthcare Application for Medical Data Authentication: Towards A New Secure Framework Using Steganography
Authors: Hashim Mohammed Mahdi , Rhaif Suhad Hasan , Abdulrazzaq Ali A. , Ali Adnan Hussein , Taha Mustafa Sabah
Published: August 2020

With increasing transmission of sensitive information over the dispersed IoTs, security of sensitive patient’s contents is becoming more challenging and has been enthusiastic area of research since last decades. Evolution in the concealment of data was reflected in the medical field specifically on medical images. Hide information technology in the image is called steganography. The objective of this study is the preservation of privacy and confidentiality of data in uncertain surroundings during multimedia exchange joining two IoT hops. For attacker hindrance and, provision of data confidentiality, a resilient multilevel security perspective depending on information hiding and cryptography is suggested. The existing schemes have limitations related to the equilibrium trade-off amid two variables (medical image quality and security). In addition, the direct embedment of the secret data into the images and further subtraction of an encrypted data from it often enables the intruders to easily detect and extract the hidden information. Based on these factors, we proposed a multilevel security based on 3
th

random iterations with chosen a procedure was implemented using Henon function to stop against cybercrimes challenges. The patient information is going through the preparation stage (different steps) before the embedding algorithm in order to increase the security. Superior results achieved with this study in term of imperceptibility and security the reason is to choose the right method in the right place. Satisfying results, gained when benchmarking our results with existing one in literature through the same criteria.
Design and Implementation of a Modified Luo Converter with Higher–Voltage Ratio Gain
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed T. , Alshamaa Nabil K.
Published: August 2020

This paper presents a new modified of the positive output super—lift Luo (POSL) converter in order to increase the output voltage gain. The conventional elementary Luo converter has a voltage lift cell, which consists of one inductor, one diode and one capacitor. The main drawback of the elementary circuit is near conventional boost converter in terms of lifting output voltage at a higher duty cycle. The novelty of proposed modification provides high—voltage transfer ratio gain by changing the inductor (L) of the basic (POSL) with switched—capacitor—inductor cell, which consists of two diodes, one capacitor and two inductors. The advantages of the proposed converter over elementary circuit are can be increasing the output gain ratio at a lower and higher duty cycle as well as low voltage stress on switch. Pulse width modulation (PWM) as a voltage mode control strategy is used to control the new converter. The new converter works by using one switch to make the control simple, more efficient and more effective. In addition, the equations of voltage and current in continuous and discontinuous conduction modes (CCM) and (DCM) are analyzed at steady-state error. The simulation and practical results show the effectiveness of matching the new converter to the theoretical analysis as well as the proposed converter has higher efficiency is reached to 95.4% as compare with elementary circuit has 94.1%. The simulation is performing by Matlab/Simulink environment.
Hand Gesture Recognition Using Mechanomyography Signal Based on LDA Classifier
Authors: Buk Aymen Al Yahyah , Wali Mousa K , Al-Timemy Ali H. , Raoof Koasi
Published: August 2020

The growing number of amputees in Iraq with multiple degrees of amputations makes it necessary to provide them with prosthetic hands with an easy to use control system that meets their aspirations. The Mechanomyography (MMG) signal has been proposed as an alternative or assisting method for hand gesture recognition. Electromyography (EMG) which is used as control signal in the commercial prosthetic hands faces many challenges such as electrical interference, non-stationery and electrode displacement. The MMG signal has been presented as a method to deal with the existing challenges of EMG. In this paper, MMG based hand gesture recognition is proposed with Pattern Recognition (PR) system. MMG signal have been collected from six healthy subjects, using accelerometers and microphones, which performed seven classes of hand movements. Classification accuracy of approximately 89% was obtained with PR method, consisting of time domain and Wavelet feature extraction and Linear Discernment Analysis (LDA) for classification. The results showed that the proposed method has a promising way for detecting and classifying hand gestures by low-cost MMG sensors which can be used for the control of prosthetic hand.
Optimal location of UPFC devices for minimizing Losses in Transmission Line
Authors: Amin Ihssan A , Mahmood Dhari Y , Numan Ali H
Published: August 2020

The fast increase in world loads has made electrical networks more complex and difficult to operate within their capacities. This has contributed to many issues like the failure of the loss of the power. Flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) are therefore considered to be the best solution to this problem, the Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) device is the most important of FACTS devices because of its ability to reduce overall line losses and increase the power system’s transmission capacity. To increase the advantages of this device we need to find the optimal location for it. In the search process code to determine the optimal placement of UPFC device to minimizing losses in the transmission line in the standard Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE 14 bus) test system using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)by using (MATLAB program/M-file). This paper deals with the optimization of two UPFC compensator parameters in the power system with the aim of reducing losses and increasing the transmission line load limit by using a modified version of the PSO algorithm The power system simulation results show that the UPFC’s optimal location has been able to minimize the losses from the transmission line.
Reduced pole to pole voltage deviations through stopping MMC blockading loss of terminals below DC faults
Authors: Ahmed Raghad Hameed , Abdulrazzaq Ali Abdulwahhab
Published: August 2020

Allergy of voltage supply converters to DC, faults are recognized as the essential obstacle in the direction of significant implementation of meshed DC networks. Because of low flood current capability of Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), the converters are blocked under excessive currents to prevent permanent damage to the modules converter blocking off all at once interrupts the power float and reasons a significant strength imbalance in together the AC and DC grid. This paper aims to develop dependability and safety of DC networks per the support of stopping harm of terminals below DC faults. The fault response of a modular-multilevel converter is studied analytically and via simulations. It recognized that the Modular-multilevel converter (MMC) goes through quite a few tiers beneath a DC fault, and every stage has distinct dynamics. The effect of the converter showing too occupied into reason.

DC grid topology has a fundamental force on safety structure diagram and performance if a pair of converters linked to the same bus, fault contemporary is shared between the converters and fault modern-day slope of each person converter is reduced. Converter blocking off can, as a result, disallowed and protection device necessities container be relaxed. Temporary MMC blocking off studied like every other approach for keeping off the loss of terminals underneath DC faults. The gain of this strategy is low safety gadget value and decreased affect regular grid operation. A thermal valve model developed to investigate peak thermal stress on antiparallel diodes. Coordination between MMC self-protection and fault detection relays proposed, as nicely as the use of converter DC circuit breaker (DCCB) for backup protection.
Improvement the Performance of MIMO Channel Employing Concatenation (BCH –STBC) Codes.
Authors: Thaher Raad H. , Abed Muntadher S.
Published: August 2020

Wireless communication system has been matured as a key technique to realize high data rates, more handling power, and optimizing 5G applications to increase users rapidly. Due to the issues of fading, it is difficult to obtain high data rates and maximum capacity. Different coding schemes have been implemented to contend the effect of fading. Multiple – input multiple-output (MIMO) technology remains robust technology besides channel coding. Here in this research paper, concentrate on employing the available resources in the wireless communication system to enhance the performance of the MIMO system when concatenated STBC code with forward error correction (FEC) code, such as (BCH) code without additional power or further bandwidth. The outcomes show the coding technique gives better improvement in the BER and obtain good coding gain when using BCH(31,16)-STBC, BCH(127,106)-STBC the coding gain is about 5.8 dB,3.7 dB consecutively under AWGN channel and improved by 13.25 dB, 9 dB successively under Rayleigh fading channel at BER about 10−3, when compared with uncoded system. Additionally, this research manifests that the proposed model gives the improvement in BER performance about (5% to 86%)over AWGN channel and (6% to 100%) over Rayleigh fading channel when compared with the uncoded system.
Design of Multi-band Slotted mmWave Antenna for 5G Mobile Applications
Authors: Almashhdany Mohammad B , Al-Ani Oras A , Sabaawi Ahmed M A , Altaee Mohamed A , Hussein Naba J , Abdelreda Fatima A H
Published: August 2020

In this paper, the design of a compact microstrip patch antenna for the 5G communication is proposed. The proposed antenna has a compact structure of 10×10×0.245 mm3 including the ground plane. The operating frequency for the antenna is in the 30 GHz band, which covers the 5G proposed band regarding the signal speed and data transmission, as well as the high spectral efficiencies. By using CST software, the analysis and performance of the antenna on a FR-4 dielectric substrate has been presented. Simulations show that the reflection coefficient of all operating frequencies is below -14 dB, which met the requirments of future 5G applications. In this work, the geometry of the presented antenna and its related parameters such as S-parameters and radiation pattern plots as well as gain values are presented and discussed in detail.
Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Control of Hybrid, Active Power Filters, for Harmonic Mitigation
Authors: Yasin Mohammed W. , Abdullah Al Bakry Ali Abdul Abbas , Sultan Ahmed Jasim
Published: August 2020

In industrial applications which include power systems, it notices that, harmonics which generated due to nonlinear load (power electronic switches) cause issues for the power quality. Generally, the rectifiers accounted as one of the main elements which produce currents harmonics, where these harmonics will transmit through power system and the generated harmonic distortion will be led to enormous issue and damage for the equipment’s. This study deals with hybrid active filter that consist of shunt active power filter(APF) and passive power filter(PPF) in series with grid based on the instantaneous active and reactive current component (id–iq) control strategy to calculate the reference signal of compensation current which is needed to cancelled the non-linear load current. Furthermore, this new technique method handles with adaptive fuzzy logic control with proportional integral control(PI) to obtain perfect controllable dc input of the inverter across capacitor. Therefore, ac output voltage of active power filter with assist of passive power filter is the desirable value in magnitude and frequency, this led to achieve a perfect attenuation of harmonics, where both harmonics and reactive power are compensating. The simulation results show that, the new control method is very effective to reduce harmonic and improve power quality.