bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fractal Growth of Minerals: a Modified DLA Model
Authors: Xie Yan Shi , Tu Cai Rong , Tan Kai Xuan , Chen Liang
Published: May 2011

A modified fractal growth model of minerals was considered in the square lattice 300 × 300. One seed is placed at the center of the square lattice as a growth focus and the attraction domain is set to diamond. Three main parameters are considered in this model which probability of the surface adhesion is Pg with the range of 0 to 99% to eliminate the noise impact and adsorption distance d varies from 0 to 9 units on behalf of the gravitational field strength between particles and fill gaps s varied from 0.00 to 5.00 units distance to perform the influence of environmental temperature on the minerals growth system. Three model sets are carried out with two fixed parameters and the other changed parameter. The results show the fractal dimension of DLA group increase with the decrease of Pg and the increases of d and s, as well as the structure of minerals from disseminated, star or radial gradual transition to agglomerate. The model is a two-dimensional simulation for three-dimensional fractal growth and can not fully reflect the complex growth dynamics of mineral aggregate in three-dimensional confined space.
Band Gaps of SH Wave in Piezoelectric Phononic Crystal
Authors: Lan Man , Wei Pei Jun
Published: May 2011

The dispersive characteristic of anti-plane elastic waves propagating through laminated piezoelectric phononic crystal is studied in this paper. First, the transfer matrix method (TMM) and the Bloch theorem are used to derive the dispersion equation. Next, the dispersion equation is solved numerically and the dispersive curves are shown in Brillouin zone. The pass band and the stop band of anti-plane SH wave propagating perpendicular to and oblique to the laminated periodic structure are compared. The effects of the slope angle on the wave band structure are discussed.
Fatigue Microcrack Initiation and Propagation of Aluminum Alloy under Different Stress Level and Stress Ratio
Authors: Bian Gui Xue , Chen Yue Liang , Hu Jian Jun , Zhang Yong
Published: May 2011

The microstructure of fatigue fracture of aluminum alloys under various stresses and stress ratios were studied by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, and the influences of microstructure features on microcrack initiation and propagation were investigated. The results show that the fatigue microcrack originated from surface or subsurface of specimens. And with the increase of stress ratio, fatigue crack originated from deeper subsurface at the same stress level. With the increase of stress level, fatigue crack originated from shallower subsurface or surface at same stress ratio. There is an increase in crack propagation region as the stress level decreases at the same stress ratio. Increasing of stress ratio, increases crack propagation region under same stress level. Microcrack generally originated from secondary (S phase particles) and larger particles at low stress level and high stress ratio. Microcrack generally originated from larger constituent particles at high stress level and low stress ratio. Microcracks propagation is evidently impeded by grain boundaries at low stress level and high stress ratio.
Porous Silicon Modification with ZnO Films Electro-Deposited from Zinc Nitrate Aqueous Solution by Pulsed Current of Rectangular Wave
Authors: Chen Lu Sheng , Liu Yan Yan , Ban Yan Ping , Li Huai Xiang
Published: May 2011

The pulsed current of rectangular wave was used to electrolyzing zinc nitrate aqueous solution for the purpose of preparation of a transparent zinc oxide (ZnO) film by cathodic deposition. The current density of rectangular wave was 0.2 and 1.0 mA/cm2 , respectively. The former plays a role to deposit homogenous ZnO particles on the substrate surface and the latter plays the role to promote further growth of the particles and film formation. The structural and optical characterizations of the deposited films were performed with x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and measurements of optical absorption in UV-vis range. Similar technique has been used to modify as prepared porous silicon, resulting a green photoluminescence after 1 h annealing at 1273 K under oxygen atomsphere.
The Structure, Deformation and Properties of Al-5%Fe-Based Alloy
Authors: Fu Da Jun , Yuan Xiao Guang , Li Shuang
Published: May 2011

To refine thick and brittle needle-like or sheet-like iron-rich phase in Al-Fe-based alloy, electromagnetic cast and solid extrusion were adopted for the preparation of billet of rolled alloy Al-5%Fe-1.2%Si-1%Mg-0.6%Cu-0.5%Mn. Studies were made of the effect of rolling process on the microstructure and mechanical properties especially on the mechanical properties at high temperature. The hot deformation behavior of Al-Fe alloy was simulated at the strain rate of 0.01s-1 to 10s-1 and the temperature between 783K and 693K. The results indicate that there is significant steady-state rheological feature on the alloy’s high temperature deformation and the flow stress is sensitive to strain rate and temperature. The tensile strength of the alloy can reach 348MPa at 150°C and 170 MPa at 300°C but with a drop of around 40% than that at room temperature, indicating that heat resistance of the alloy is better at 150-200°C, the strength simulated long at 80°C can reach 275MPa, with rather good thermal stability.
Morphological Changes of Irradiated PMMA via Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Treatments
Authors: Ling Xin Long , Tang Zhong Feng , Huang Shi Rong
Published: May 2011

Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) sheets were radiated by 60Co γ-ray in air and then irradiated PMMA foams were successfully prepared by supercritical CO2 (SC CO2) as a physical blowing agent via pressure quench method. The effects of radiation dose on the cell morphology and structure of the obtained foams were studied. The results showed that the foams possessed spherically closed cell structure with uniform cell size. The γ-ray irradiated PMMA sheets had a high cell density than those virgin PMMA.
Study on Effect of External Conditons for Hydrogenation Pump on the Dehydrogenation of Molten Aluminum
Authors: Wang Dong , Li Sheng Li , Li Wei Juan , Li Ji Guang
Published: May 2011

The effects of external conditions such as short-circuit maching vacuum extraction,short-circuit maching gas carry or different applied voltage on the dehydrogenation by the hydrogen pump with CaZr0.9In0.1O3-α electrolyte at 755°C in aluminum melt were studyed. Among the three external conditions,the dehydrogenation rate of hydrogen pump by applied voltage was fastest,followed by vacuum extraction,then gas carry while the effect of oxygen gas carry was better than the one of argon gas. When the pump was applied 1.5V,the hydrogen content in Al melt was reduced to 0.131ml/100gAl which met conventional aluminum alloys.
Fluorescence Properties of Tb3+: SiO2-M2O3(M=Al,Ga)-LiF-CaF2 Glasses
Authors: Zhu Li Gang , Lu An Xian , Zuo Cheng Gang , Shen Wei Qun
Published: May 2011

The present investigation aims at elucidating the photoluminescence (PL) behaviour of Tb3+ doped SiO2–M2O3 (M=Al, Ga)–LiF–CaF2 optical glasses. The absorption spectra of these glasses have revealed the absorption bands due to 7F6 → (5L8, 5G3, 5L9, 5G4, 5D2, 5G5), 5L10, (5G6, 5D3) and 5D4 transitions. The Tb3+ excitation bands are assigned to the electronic transitions of 4f8 → 4f75d1 and 4f8 → 4f8. The PL spectra with the excitation wavelength 378 nm recorded at room temperature of these glasses have exhibited the following emission transitions: 5D4 → 7FJ (J = 6, 5, 4, 3). An attempt has also been made to throw some light on the relationship between the structural modifications and luminescence efficiencies of both the two glasses. And found the fluorescence intensity of 543 nm emission in SGLCT is 46% higher than that in SALCT due to the different metal oxides viz., Ga2O3 and Al2O3.
Fabrication of Rheological Material by Rotating Gas Bubble Stirring
Authors: Zhang Lei , Dong Xuan Pu , Wang Wen Jun , Ma Rong , Li Ke , Fan Zi Tian
Published: May 2011

A rotating gas bubble stirring technique with specially designed equipment has been developed for the production of light alloy semi-solid slurry. The equipment was specially designed to have temperature, rotation speed and gas flow rate control functions. An Al-Si aluminum alloy was applied as the experimental material. The results showed that large volume of semi-solid slurry could be achieved with the actual stirring temperature of 4 °C to 20 °C below the liquidus temperature of the alloy, and the rotation speed of 195 r/min, and the gas flow rate of 2 L/min. A strong convection and weak stirring effect which was induced by the rotating gas bubbles in the melt was founded responsible for the formation of the semi-solid slurry.
The Corrosion Resistant Cement System for Oil and Gas Wells
Authors: Yang Huan , Chen Da Jun , Zhao Hua
Published: May 2011

The objective of this study is to find effective and economical cement grout system for preventing corrosive gas. In this paper, in order to resist the corrosion of the cement sheath by acid gas, a new corrosion resistant agent denoted as FH-1 has been added into the cement grout. A series of cement blocks formed by cement system with different additives quantities have been obtained. The permeability, compression strength and corroding depth of these cement blocks have been investigated. The microstructure of cement blocks has been analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the mechanism of corrosion resistant of FH-1 has been discussed. The FH-1 shows excellent resistance to corrosion against CO2, and H2S gas.Therefore the optimal corrosion resistant cement grout systems were obtained.
Metal Flow Rule of Multi-Way Tube Hydro Forming for Air Handling Unit
Authors: Wen Hua Dian , Xiao Xiao Ting , Zhang Kai , Chen Ying
Published: May 2011

Multi-way tube on air conditioning header is considered as the research objective .Finite element simulation method is utilized to simulate and analyze the deformation process of metal. Through analyzing the distribution law of velocity on work piece neutral plane and displacement law of typical nodes, common law in deformation process for metal flow was revealed. Results suggested that: metal which is on terminal supplementary zone conspicuously flows along horizontal. Metal which is on forming zone conspicuously flows along bulge, metal which is between bulges flows little, these laws provide a reference for the choice of forming technology.
Kinetics of ο-Chloronitrobenzene Hydrogenation on Palladium/Carbon Catalyst
Authors: Wang Xiao Zhen , Zhu Yi Feng , Li Xiao Nian
Published: May 2011

A 2 wt % Pd/C catalyst has been prepared by chemical impregnation and used to catalyze the hydrogenation of o-chloronitrobenzene (o-CNB) to o-chloroaniline (o-CAN) in solvent-free conditions. The effects of reaction temperature, H2 pressure, and stirring intensity on the hydrogenation kinetics have been investigated. The hydrogenation reaction showed very high selectivity with dehalogenation side products as low as 0.3% of total yield. The favorable reaction conditions were found to be temperature T = 383 K, stirring speed = 900 rpm, and feeding ratio CNB/catalyst = 200/1 (m/m). The recycled Pd/C still retained more than 98% of its original selectivity after 12 repeat used, indicating the catalyst had strong potentials for commercial application at industrial scale.
Influence of Substrate Temperature on the Properties of Al-Doped Zinc Oxide Films Prepared by DC Reactive Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Yang Chang Hu , Ma Zhong Quan
Published: May 2011

Transparent and conductive c-axis oriented aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) films have been prepared on glass substrate by dc reactive magnetron sputtering process. The structural, optical and electrical properties of the films were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible spectrophotometer and Hall effect measurement system. As the substrate temperature increased, the results showed that grain size of the AZO films gradually increased, the films had a strong c-axis oriented and the crystallization of films became better. The absorption edge first shows a red shift, and then switches to the blue shift with increasing substrate temperature. Optical band gap of AZO films first decreases and then increases with increasing substrate temperature. Resistivity of AZO films decreases with increasing substrate temperature but the rate of decline of resistivity becomes slow after substrate temperature reaches 250 °C. The carriers concentration of AZO films increases with substrate temperature increase.
Fretting Wear Behavior of ZR-ALLOY in Na2SO4 Solution
Authors: Li Ji Wu , Shen Jian Ying
Published: May 2011

Fuel rods in nuclear power plants, made of Zr-alloy is immersed in pure water, and surging of this coolant causes fretting for the rods and spacer. In this paper fretting wear and fretting corrosion test of the Zr-alloy against Al2O3 placed respectively in air, pure water and Na2SO4 solution is carried out. The lost volume is measured with 3D Measuring instruments and the relationship between the fresh surface fretting wear produces and lost surface is evaluated with the potential pulse method. The result shows that the fresh surfacing area is smaller than abrasion mark area, and bigger than actual contact area. The wear extent of Zr-alloy against Al2O3 in Na2SO4 solution is ten times higher than that in air and pure water, but the coefficient of friction is smaller. The wear extent of Zr- alloy against Al2O3 in pure water is equal to the numeric value of the Zr-alloy against Al2O3 in Na2SO4 solution given the -2000mv potential. When Zr-alloy is in corrosion environment, the wear extent increases in proportion to the increase of the potential, and the fretting wear and fretting corrosion result from mainly electrochemical action.
Evenly Supported TiO2 on Activated Carbon Fiber and its Photocatalytic Degradation Property
Authors: Wang Xue , Wu Qiu Fang , Xuan Shao Feng
Published: May 2011

Activated carbon fiber (ACF) supported TiO2 photocatalyst was prepared by sol-gel-adsorption method. The state of TiO2 supported on the ACF was observed using a scanning electron microscope. Photo catalytic activity of the catalyst was evaluated by degradation of methylene blue in water, and the ways in which the efficiency of methylene blue degradation was influenced by TiO2 load content and pH value were investigated. The supported catalyst shows cooperative effect of ACF adsorption and TiO2 catalytic activity, and the catalytic activity of the supported catalyst was basically unchanged after using for four times.
Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hexagonal Columnar-Shaped Calcium Carbonate
Authors: Tang Qin , Chen Xiang Yong , Hu Wei Bing , Zhou Gui Yun
Published: May 2011

Calcium carbonate was obtained by the microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesized technique using calcium chloride and urea as the raw materials. The uniform aragonite hexagonal columnar-shaped calcium carbonate with a diameter of 3.0~4.0μm and 70~120μm in length were produced without any additives at the molar ratio of urea and calcium chloride 1.5:1, microwave power 600W. The morphology, size and crystal structure were characterized by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).The formation process of aragonite hexagonal columnar-shaped calcium carbonate was discussed.
A Novel Electrochemical Impedance Biosensor Based on Plasma-Polymerized Films for Detection of Biotin
Authors: Deng Ting , Cao Zhong , Shen Guo Li
Published: May 2011

An electrochemical impedance biosensor was proposed for the detection of small molecule biotin based on the plasma-polymerized films (PPF) and the bioaffinity difference between an analyte (biotin) and an analogue compound (HABA) in binding avidin. Avidin formed a metastable complex with 2-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)azo]benzoic acid (HABA) immobilized on the electrode surface. When the sensor contacts a sample solution containing biotin, the avidin was released from the sensor surface to form a more stable complex with biotin in solution. The impedance spectra change recorded is proportional to the desorbed mass of avidin, and there is a clear mathematic relationship between the impedance change and the biotin concentration. The proposed electrochemical impedance bioaffinity sensor has nice response to biotin in the range of 4.8×10-9–5.6×10-4 M. The sensor could be regenerated under very mild conditions simply by reimmersion of the sensor into a biotin solution to desorb the surplus avidin.
Alumina Sol-Gel Film for Pretreatment to Paint on Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Zhou Qi , Zhao Ping , He Chun Lin , Cai Qing Kui
Published: May 2011

Aluminum alloy coatings for pretreatment are developed by sol-gel method. The adhesion between sol-gel film and the paint film was measured by scratching circles and corrosion resistance of sol-gel film was tested by salt spraying experiment. The adhesion between sol-gel film made by pure alumina sol and the paint film was so poor that it is unsuitable for ground coatings, but the composite sol which ultrafine Al2O3 powder was added to pure alumina sol can improve the adhesion and corrosion resistance. If the first layer film is made of pure alumina sol and the second layer is made of composite sol, the neutral salt spraying time of double layers film is longer than the single-layer composite sol-gel film. The adhesion for both double composite film and single-layer composite sol-gel film are first-grade. When solution of potessium dichromate is dropped on double combinatorial film for 100s, the solution will change in color. The gloss of paint film on double composite sol-gel film is 0.827, flexibility is 2×10mm and impact resistance is 1kg∙50cm. It is possible that composite sol-gel film or combinatorial sol-gel film replace dichromate salt conversion film on aluminum alloy using for painting pretreatment.
An Efficient Visible Photocatalytic System Containing Eosin Y, Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and CuO for H2 Evolution from Water
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhao Xue Ling , Kang Shi Zhao , Yao Ping Ping , Li Xiang Qing , Mu Jin
Published: May 2011

In this work, a visible photocatalytic system containing Eosin Y, multiwalled carbon nanotubes and CuO was prepared. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water over this system was studied using triethanolamine (TEA) as a sacrificial reagent. The results indicated that it was an efficient photocatalyst with an average rate of H2 evolution of 373 mmol·h-1·g-1 during first three hours under visible irradiation.
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Amphiphilic Helical Copolymer
Authors: Yue Dong Mei , Zhao Dong , Yu Ting , Wang Wei Min , Zhang Li Qun
Published: May 2011

The new comb-copolymers [polyacetylene–MPEG (polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether)] were synthesized with (nbd)Rh+[η6-C6H5B- (C6H5)3] as catalyst. The copolymers with moderate molecular weights (Mn) (13000-170000) and yields (31.6-47.3%) exhibited higher optical activities compared with chiral monomer, which accorded with the “Chiral Amplification” effect. The optical activity of the copolymers gradually decreased as the amount of MPEG increased. The maximum amounts of MPEG for successful copolymerization and optical activity of copolymers were 40%, 30%, 20%(mol%) as the Mn of MPEG was 350, 750,1900, respectively. The optical activity of copolymers could change at external environmental stimulation, e.g., decreased as methanol content increased.
Synthesis of Misfit-Layered Copper-Manganese Oxides
Authors: Zhou Chen Liang , Zhang Qian , Xu Shu Yun , Zhi Ke Duan , He Run Xia , Liu Quan Sheng
Published: May 2011

The misfit-layered copper-manganese oxides(CMO) was successfully synthesized by inserting Cu(OH)XY+ into Buserite under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by X-ray diffraction, AAS, SEM, TEM and BET. The single misfit-layered CMO can be obtained when Cu/Mn mole ratio is 0.67. SEM and HRTEM reveal that the as-synthesized material is a sheet-like crystal and the interlayer distance corresponding to the spacing of [MnO6] and [Cu(OH)XY+] is 0.47nm.
Geometric Analysis in an MR Fan Clutch
Authors: Ma Jian Zuo , Wang Guo Chao , Zuo Dong
Published: May 2011

A magnetorheological (MR) fan clutch is introduced. Based on Herschel-Bulkley model, the equation of transmission torque developed by MR fluids is derived to compute the torque transmission ability in the MR fan clutch. The necessary gap and the need of MR fluid volume between two parallel circular discs of the clutch are carried out. The results indicate that, the transmission torque of the MR fan clutch developed rapidly depend on the yield strength of MR fluid. The necessary gap and the volume for the MR fan clutch can be obtained based on MR fluid properties, the desired control torque ratio, the angular velocity and load torque of the clutch.
Polymorphological LaVO 4:Dy 3+ Phosphors: Hydrothermal Synthesis and Luminescent Properties
Authors: Liu Guo Cong , Huang Ke Long
Published: May 2011

Tetragonal LaVO4:Dy3+ crystals with novel shapes of rod, rod-bundles and needle-like flower were successfully synthesized via a facile and surfactant-free hydrothermal process. The products were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL).The experimental results showed that the concentration of the precursor and the reaction temperature played important roles in morphological evolution of LaVO4:Dy3+ crystals (NCs). It was found that needle-like flower LaVO4:Dy3+ exhibited the highest B/Y value compared with rod and rod-bundle samples. Possible growth mechanisms of polymorphological LaVO4:Dy3+ crystals were briefly discussed.
Applications of P-Type NiO in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Chiang Ting Lung , Chou Chuen Shii , Wu Der Ho , Hsiung Chin Min
Published: May 2011

This study investigates the applicability of p-type NiO in the working (or counter) electrode of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The working electrode was designed and fabricated by depositing a film of TiO2/NiO composite particles, which were prepared by mixing the Ni powder with TiO2 particles using dry mixing method. The counter electrode was fabricated by depositing a NiO film on top of a Pt film, which has been deposited on a FTO glass using an ion-sputtering coater (or E-beam evaporator). This study shows that the power conversion efficiency of the DSSC with TiO2/NiO composite particles (3.80%) substantially exceeds that of the conventional DSSC (3.16%) due to the effects of the NiO barrier and the n-p junction. Aside from this, the power conversion efficiency of a DSSC with a Pt(E)/NiO counter electrode (4.28%) substantially exceeds that of a conventional DSSC with a Pt(E) counter electrode on which a Pt film was deposited using an E-beam evaporator. This result is attributed to the fact that the NiO film coated on the Pt(E) counter electrode improves the electrocatalytic activity of the counter electrode.
The Relationship between the Initial Gas Ratios and the Condensed Phase Composition in the CVD of BxC with BCl3-CH4-H2 Precursors
Authors: Deng Juan Li , Cheng Lai Fei , Gao Li Ning , Su Ke He
Published: May 2011

For the preparation of the self-healing phase BxC with BCl3-CH4-H2 precursors, the production has been examined as a function of the initial gas ratios of BCl3/(BCl3+CH4) and H2/(BCl3+CH4) at given temperature and pressure. The results show that the composition of the condensed phase is quite sensitive to the molar ratio of BCl3/(BCl3+CH4) and H2/(BCl3+CH4). The ideal condition for the deposition of BxC is that the ratio of BCl3/(BCl3+CH4) is 0.8 and the H2/(BCl3+CH4) ratio ranges from 10 to 105.2. The carbon or boron-rich material is mainly controlled by the ratios of BCl3/(BCl3+CH4) and H2/(BCl3+CH4). The deposition condition of carbon-rich phase should be in low BCl3/(BCl3+CH4) (0.0~0.8) and H2/(BCl3+CH4) (10-2<102) ratios, whereas that of the boron-rich phase needs high BCl3/(BCl3+CH4) (0.8~1.0) and H2/(BCl3+CH4) (104~105) ratios.
Synthesis and Characterization of Compostite Functionalized Mesoporous Materials Based on Silica as Separation Medium and Application in Electroplanting Additive Analysis
Authors: Chu Hong Tao , Wang Ying , Zhang Jin Qiu , An Mao Zhong
Published: May 2011

The functionalized porous hybrid silica as a separation medium was synthesized by using Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide(CTAB) as template, (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as reactive monomer, with the existence of ammonia, reacting for 80 h at 80°C. The influences of the main reactants ratio and the pH of reaction on the structure of the materials were investigated through the characterization by Fourier-Transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and pore structure measurements. And the best reaction conditions were optimized. The monolithic column made by this porous hybrid silica has been applied to separate benzylideneacetone and o-chlorotoluene, which are the main composition in electroplating additive.
Fabrication of Two-Dimensional Array of Nanophase Cobalt Oxyhydroxide by Bio-Templating
Authors: Wang Ting , Guo Li
Published: May 2011

Cobalt oxyhydroxide nanocrystals were synthesized in an aqueous solution in the cavity of the apoferritin from horse spleen (HsAFr), and two-dimensional CoOOH-ferritin nanodots were prepared by simple touch method on modified silicon surface. In the synthesis, CoOOH nanocrystals are encapsulated and growth is restricted to the internal dimension of the protein cavity. The obtained nanodots were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), absorption and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. From the results, it was concluded that CoOOH nanocrystals were successfully synthesized in the core of ferritin and the monolayer of CoOOH-ferritin could be obtained on the surface of modified silicon surface. In addition, CoOOH quantum dots(QDs) in ferritin core provided the PL emission peak. Accordingly, the CoOOH-ferritin arrays can be employed as a potential useful biosensor material for PL technique.
Intelligent Modeling for Rate-Dependent Hysteresis Nonlinearity in Magnetostrictive Actuator
Authors: Guo Zhen Kai , Song Zhao Qing
Published: May 2011

Rate-dependent hysteresis existing in the magnetostrictive actuator usually causes undesirable inaccuracies or oscillations and even instability of the controlled system. So an intelligent modeling method, which is based on modified online least squares support vector machines (MOLS-SVM), is proposed in this paper to describe the rate-dependent hysteresis in magnetostrictive actuator. The model is fast and does not require tremendous computational efforts. The data measured in the experiment are used for modeling. The results obtained by using the proposed model are in good agreement with experimental results.
Heat Resistance of Ferritic Stainless Steels with 15% Chromium for Automobile Exhaust System
Authors: Li Hua Bing , Jiang Zhou Hua , Ma Qi Feng , Zhan Dong Ping
Published: May 2011

The high-temperature strength and thermal fatigue properties of Fe-Cr-Nb-Mo ferritic stainless steel (FSSNEW) developed for automobile exhaust system were investigated. The results show that the high-temperature tensile strength and yield strength of FSSNEW are better than or equal to those of the presently applied ferritic stainless steels. The thermal fatigue cracks nucleate at the V-notch. The inclusions along grain boundaries become prior regions for initiation of the cracks. The inclusions distributed at the defects make the formation of cracks in the materials easily through the effects of cycle thermal stress and thermal strain. The length and propagated rate of thermal fatigue cracks increase with the maximum tested temperature increasing. When the maximum temperature arrives at 900°C, the high-temperature oxidation is serious along the grain boundaries, which aggravates the cracks propagating along the grain boundaries. The principle mechanism of stress assisted grain boundary oxygen (SAGBO) embrittlement can be applied to illustrate the effects of external stress on aggravating the damage caused by environmental factors. Therefore, the high-temperature oxidation is the main reason for the propagation of thermal fatigue cracks. The FSSNEW is satisfied for the applied requirement of high-temperature strength in the hot side of the automobile exhaust system.
Solid Super Acid of S2O82- /FexOy-CuOx Catalytic Degradation of Orange IV
Authors: Zhang Ying Jie , Liu Guo Rui , Li Da Peng , Tian Yue Xiao , Zhang Li , Li Li
Published: May 2011

Solid super acid (S2O82-/FexOy-CuOx) was prepared and used as a heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst to decompose H2O2 for the degradation of refractory dye Orange IV in water. The factors that affected the degradation of Orange IV were discussed in this heterogeneous Fenton-like system. The catalytic activity of S2O82-/FexOy-CuOx was evaluated by the degradation of Orange IV and the decomposition of H2O2. The results show that the catalyst S2O82-/FexOy-CuOx has a good catalytic activity. The reaction follows pseudo-first-order kinetics; the reaction rate constant has a good relationship with the concentration of H2O2. The degradation rate of Orange IV and the decomposition rate of H2O2 increase with the increase of temperature and the dosage of catalyst whereas it decreases with the increase of the initial concentration of Orange IV and the initial pH.
Optimization of Six Strand Tundish Based on Flow and Temperature
Authors: Li Sheng Li , Ai Xin Gang , Zhang Dong Wei , Lv Nan , Hu Xiao Dong
Published: May 2011

In this paper the fluid flow and temperature are used together to optimize the 40 tons six strand tundish. Fluid flows in a six strand tundish have been investigated with physical modeling, then steady, three-dimensional temperature fields inside the six strand tundish are obtained. The physical modeling experiments give two optimal integrated tundish structural parameters of baffle holes. From the further study of temperature fields, the tundish should be optimized in the structural parameters of baffle holes in the condition of height 300mm, angel 30° and diameter 20mm.
Influence of Calcinations Temperature on Crystallization and Synthesis Process of Li4Ti5O12
Authors: Gu Yi Jie , Guo Zhen , Liu Hong Quan , Zhou Heng Hui , Hu Yong , Hu Zu Wang
Published: May 2011

On the purpose of investigating the influence of calcinations temperature on crystallization and synthesis process of Li4Ti5O12, Li2CO3 and amorphous TiO2 were used as raw materials to synthesize phase Li4Ti5O12 at different calcinations temperatures. TG-DSC showed that the crystallization of the products was more integrated along as temperatures increased. Both anatase and rutile TiO2 would form phase Li2TiO3 by reacting with Li2CO3 primarily before synthesis of phase Li4Ti5O12, and phase Li2TiO3 was formed as mid-phase from 700°C and 750°C revealed in the XRD pattern. SEM demonstrated that the particle size increased as temperature decreased, the particles were agglomerated together especially at 900°C. The samples displayed poor discharge capacity just because of Li2TiO3 phase and large size particles.
Inclusion Complex of Dibenzoylmethane with β-Cyclodextrin
Authors: Ji Xue Zhen , Liu Hui Jun , Wang Li Li
Published: May 2011

The inclusion complex of dibenzoylmathane(DBM)with β-cyclodextrin(β-CD)was studied. UV-spectrophotometer was used to investigate the complexation behaviour in liquid medium, and to demonstrate that the DBM aqueous solubility increased 7.27times due to complexation with β-CD and the inclusion rate of DBM was high to 95.92 percent and the drug-loading constant is also high to 37.86ug/g. Solid samples prepared by solution-agitating method. FT-IR was employed to assess the formation of the inclusion complex. Dissolution analysis indicated that dissolution properties of DBM/β-CD complex were superior compared to both pure DBM and the corresponding physical mixture of DBM and β-CD.
Solid-Phase Extraction of Trace Antibiotics Using New Hypercrosslinked Polymer as Adsorbent
Authors: Tang Song Lin , Li Ai Min , Wang Chun Zi , Zhong Sheng , Qing Zhou
Published: May 2011

Three new hypercrosslinked polymers were used as solid phase extraction packings to enrich Chlortetracycline (CTC) in water. Through the comparison, the NDS-1 column has higher performance than the other two, almost the same as commercial columns HLB on the enrichment of the Chlortetracycline.
Influences of Current Density on Tribological Characteristics of Ceramic Coatings on 6061 Al Alloy by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation
Authors: Wang Xiao Dong , Wu Xiao Hong , Wang Rui , Lu Song Tao
Published: May 2011

Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of an 6061 Al alloy was accomplished in an electrolyte with sodium hexametaphosphate (10 g/L) and sodium silicate (10 g/L) Coatings were produced at four different current densities (4, 6, 8 and 10 A/dm2). Phase composition, morphology and tribological characteristics of the coatings were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and ball-on-disk friction testing. The results show that among the four ceramic coatings which were produced under four current densities, the coating produced under the current density of 8 A/dm2 got the lowest wear rate with the value of 4.5 × 10-5 g/m.
Study on the Mechanism and Properties of Activated Crumb Rubber Modified Asphalt
Authors: Cao Dong Wei , Zhang Hai Yan
Published: May 2011

In this study, the activated crumb rubbers (ACR) and these ACR modified asphalts were prepared. Effects of the preparation technology of modified asphalt and properties of activated crumb rubber on performance of modified asphalt have been investigated. The activated crumb rubber powder was characterized by the Rubber NMR Crosslink Density (RNCD). The mechanism of the activated crumb rubber modified asphalt (ACRMA) was analyzed by microcosmic measures and tests such as Fluorescence Microscope (FM) etc. The experimental results indicated that the chemical and physical activating methods can improve the swelling capacity of crumb rubber in the asphalt by destroying the three-dimensional network and decreasing the cross-linking density; ACRMA have better performance compared with the crumb rubber modified asphalt. Micrograph of the ACRMA demonstrated that the structure of ACRMA is more uniform and compact, and the performances of modified asphalt were improved significantly.
Structure Influenced Physicochemical Properties of Pyridine Perrhenate Ionic Liquids
Authors: Gu Xue Jun , Fang Da Wei , Yue Shuang , Liu Yu , Zang Shu Liang
Published: May 2011

A novel series of Pyridinium salts with rhenium group attached to the alkyl side chain, viz. [CnPy][ ReO4] (where CnPy is the N-alkyl- pyridine cation and Cn=(CH2)n-1CH3, n = 2-6), have been synthesized and characterized. The physicolchemical properties of the ionic liquids have been determined and estimated. The influence on physicolchemical properties by molecular structure was discussed.
Optimizing of Pretreatment Process of Electroless Ni-P Plating on AZ91D Substrate
Authors: Liu Guan Jun , Yu Zhou , Ma Li Jie , Cao Jun
Published: May 2011

In order to improve and simplify the process of electroless Ni-P plating on AZ91D magnesium alloy substrate, pretreatment process and deposite time were optimized by orthogonal test, the plating morphology were analysed using Quanta 200 type scanning electron microscope. The bond between the plating and aluminum substrate were evaluated using method of water quenching and alternating bending test. The results show that good coating can be obtained on AZ91D substrate under the condition of the acid electroless Ni-P plating solution with pickling time of 40-50s, activated time of 10 min. And the good bond between the coating and AZ91D substrate was obtained.
Improving the Toughness of Poly (L-lactic acid) by Interpenetrating Network Structure
Authors: Dong Tun Galag , Jin Ye , Guo Xin , Sun Wen Xiu , Li Meng Ting , Shi Can Can , Inoue Yoshio
Published: May 2011

An interpenetrating polymer network was formed by blending of PLLA and PEG cross-linked β-CD to improve the toughness of PLLA, and the mechanical properties of PLLA composites were studied using tensile test. The PLLA composite samples exhibited a single glass transition and their Tg values decreased with increasing PEG/β-CD content, indicating that PLLA and PEG/β-CD are miscible. The PLLA composite samples aged at room temperature achieved the highest fracture strain (about 235%), about 40 times that of the original PLLA sample, while the Young's modulus was not seriously hampered.
Effect of Co-Doped La3+/Halogen on Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2
Authors: Chen Qian Lin , Wang Yuan , Zhong Chun Yan , Guo Yu
Published: May 2011

La3+/halogen (F-, Cl- and Br-) co-doped TiO2 was synthesized by alkoxide hydrolysis method. The prepared La3+/halogen TiO2 photocatalysts with anatase phases and rutile phases were characterized with XRD, EDS, TEM and surface area analytic technology. Methyl orange was used as model pollutants to evaluate its visible light photocatalytic activity. The results showed that the co-doping of La3+ and halogen ions improved the surface area of TiO2. Compared with 450°C and 650°C, La3+/Cl- and La3+/Br- co-doped TiO2 calcined at 550°C exhibited much higher photocatalytic activity. The optimal doping ratio of La3+/F-, La3+/Cl- and La3+/Br- was 0.4, 0.6, and 0.5 ((wt%)/(wt%)), respectively. Moreover, the degradation ratio of methyl orange on La3+/halogen co-doped TiO2 with the optimal ratio were all higher than the maximum degradation ratio on La3+, F-, Cl- and Br- doped TiO2 prepared by the same method.
Preparation Technology of Corn Resistant Starch by Autoclaving Method
Authors: Gao Feng , Yu Ya Li , Chen Yu Jiang
Published: May 2011

Normal corn starch was used as raw material in this research and was treated by autoclaving method to produce corn resistant starch (CRS). This research was focused on techniques of preparing CRS through autoclaving method and effects of autoclaving method parameters on yields of CRS from corn starch. The optimum conditions were investigated with carrying out an L9(34) orthogonal experiment. The yield of CRS was 8.05 % under combination of optimum parameters obtained from L9(34) orthogonal experiment. The optimum parameters were concentration of NCS solution 25 %, pH6.5, autoclaving temperature 125 °C, autoclaving time 35 min.
Manufacturing Technique and Property Evaluation of Sound Absorption Composite Planks
Authors: Lin Jia Horng , Lin Chia Chang , Huang Chao Chiung , Lin Ching Wen , Liao You Cheng , Lou Ching Wen
Published: May 2011

In this study, the basic material for sound absorption was porous nonwoven made of polyester nonwoven and low-melting polyester fiber. Nonwoven was then attached with foam polyurethane as composite plank for sound absorption and sound isolation. We used two microphone impedance tube for sound absorption test and INSTRON 5566 mechanical testing machine for tensile test. The optimum sound absorption coefficients as 0.67 ± 0.008 was obtained when density of foam polyurethane was 1.0 Kg/㎥ with thickness of 20 mm; Polyester (PET) nonwoven were laminated with 9 layers in a total thickness of 10 mm; and its low-melting polyester fiber was 30 wt%. The composite plank obtained the maximum fracture stress when it contained low-melting-point (low-Tm) PET fiber at 30~40 wt%. The results of this study could be applied in the partitions inside ships, vehicles or buildings.
Biaxially Drawn Behavior of α- and β-Polypropylene Films under Simultaneous Stretching
Authors: Kerddonfag Noppadon , Saravari Onusa , Chinsirikul Wannee
Published: May 2011

This study investigated the biaxially drawn behavior of polypropylene (PP) containing different crystalline structure in between of either α-monoclinic or β-hexagonal crystal form or a combination of both. The precursor sheet with α-crystalline PP was prepared from neat resin using the sheet extrusion process. The high content of β-crystalline phase (K-value of about 84%) was developed in the polypropylene sheet using a proprietary type and concentration of β-crystal nucleator. Biaxial film stretching was carried out using a laboratory stretching machine at the temperature of 145°C. Stretching speed and stretch ratio were kept relatively constant at 400 %/sec and 5.5 x 5.5, respectively. β-PP sample demonstrated a distinct biaxially drawn behavior as compared to that of the neat-PP sample, in particular, biaxial yield stress of neat PP (α-PP) was 3.55 MPa, where a much lower biaxial yield stress value was apparent for β-PP (~1.69 MPa). Interestingly, the total calculated area under stretching curves of the β-nucleated PP sample was about 34.8 % lower than that of the neat PP sample. These findings indicate the less energy required for stretching process of β-nucleated PP. Moreover, the drawn β-PP films also showed comparable mechanical properties to the α-PP sample as well as a good optical property, evidenced by low haze values of <1% which was close to that for the normal BOPP films.
Casting of Al-25%Si Strip Using a Vertical Type Twin Roll Caster
Authors: Haga Toshio , Harada Hideto , Kumai Shinji , Watari Hisaki
Published: May 2011

Strip casting of Al-25%Si was tried using the vertical type high speed twin roll caster. Some devices were adopted to enable the strip casting of Al-25%Si. Control of the roll gap, semisolid casting and non-use of the lubricant were useful devices to cast Al-25%Si strip. Roll-casting-ability of the Al-25%Si was discussed. The strip could be cast at 20m/min and 40m/min. As-cast strip was hot rolled down to 1mm by one pass. Bulging was tried at 550°C and it was able.
Preparation and Optical Properties of Sm2(WO4)3 Powders
Authors: Zhang Wen Yan , Lu Chun Hua , Chen Le , Ni Ya Ru , Bao Zhen Yu , Xu Zhong Zi
Published: May 2011

Sm2(WO4)3 crystals have been synthesized through liquid-phase reaction. The structure, morphology and optical properties of the products have been investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer, SEM, and spectrofluorometer, respectively. The compound crystallized in the monoclinic hexagonal system, space group C2/c. Heat treat promoted the crystallization and regulated the micro-structure of Sm2(WO4)3. In the Sm2(WO4)3 host, the WO42- group could transfer the energy of near-UV light to Sm3+ ions, emitting blue, green and red light at 429 nm (6P5/2→6H5/2), 453 nm (4G9/2→6H5/2), 495, 507 nm (4G7/2→6H5/2), 563 nm (4G5/2→6H5/2), 601 nm ( 4G5/2→6H7/2) and 649 nm ( 4G5/2→6H9/2), respectively. The ratio of blue, green and red light was appropriate to achieve white light. The Sm2(WO4)3 powders have potential to act as UV absorber for solar cell and may be helpful to the development of white light LED.
Magnetic Properties of Iron-Based Alloy Nanowires upon Heat Treatment
Authors: Zhang Xi , Xiang Gang
Published: May 2011

Fe56Co44 alloy nanowires were fabricated by electrodeposition with aluminum oxide template. Transmission Electron Microscope photographs show the nanowires are separate and have no twist with each other. Mossbauer spectroscopy results show the values of the isomer shift, hyperfine splitting and linewidth all decrease with increasing annealing temperature. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) results of the alloy nanowire show that the coercive fields increase with increasing heat treatment temperature when the direction of applied magnetic field perpendicular to the axis of nanowires.
Manufacturing Technique and Property Evaluation of Impact-Resistant Polypropylene/Glass Fiber Composites
Authors: Lou Ching Wen , Lin Ching Wen , Hsing Wen Hao , Chen Jin Mao , Ke Cheng Yu , Lin Jia Horng
Published: May 2011

Using the injection molding method, impact-resistant polypropylene (PP) and glass fibers (GF) with weight ratios of 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15 wt%, 20 wt%, 25 wt% and 30 wt% were blended twice, completing high-impact PP/ GF composites. Next, the tensile strength test, flexural stress test and IZOD impact strength test measured the composites. According to the results, with an increase in glass fibers, the composites exhibited a greater tensile strength, which further reached to climax when the GF weight ratio was 25 wt%. However, tensile strength appeared inversely proportionate to the blending frequency. In addition, regardless of blending frequencies, the optimum flexural stress occurred when the GF weight ratio was 25 wt%; nevertheless, it started declining when the ratio was 30 wt%. Finally, indicated by IZOD impact test, the greater the GF weight ratio, the lower the impact strength the composites exited.
Progress in the Theory Studies of CIECAM02
Authors: Li Jin Cheng , Liu Zhen
Published: May 2011

In 2002, TC8-01 launched the CIECAM02 color appearance model and determined it as recommendation for industrial applications. In this paper, we review the situation and the latest theoretical research progress about CIECAM02 and discuss the main theoretical issues from three aspects , uniformity, model defects, prediction improvement, finally we analyze its shortcomings and put forward the problem to be solved and some research directions.
Processing Technique and Property Assessment of Stab-Resistant Composite Fabrics
Authors: Lou Ching Wen , Lin Chia Chang , Huang Chao Chiung , Tai Wei Lun , Huang Shih Yu , Lin Jia Horng
Published: May 2011

70% Nylon 6 fiber and 30% low melting polyester fiber were manufactured into nonwoven fabrics, after which the nonwoven fabrics and Nylon 66 grids were needle-punched and heat-treated, forming the Nonwoven/ Nylon 66 grid composite fabrics. The optimum parameter for heat treatment was 150°C for 5 minutes, improving the mechanical property of the composite fabrics. Subsequently, with a fixed pick-up ratio of 200%, two waterborne PU resin (SE-5030 and SE-5070) with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt% of cross-linking agent were used, offering the impregnation for Nonwoven/ Nylon 66 composite fabrics. After impregnation, the Nonwoven/ Nylon 66 grid composite fabrics were measured with drop tower stab testing, quasistatic stab testing and tensile strength testing. SE-5030 contributed greater tensile strength to the composite fabrics (1129.5 N in cross machine direction (CD) and of 816.4 N in machine direction(MD)); however, SE-5070 offered the composite fabrics the optimum stab-resistance strength of 69.9 N.
The Influence of Fabric Structures of the Woven Fabrics on Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness
Authors: Lou Ching Wen , Yang Yi Chang , Lin Chin Mei , Lin Ching Wen , Chen Lin Chao , Lin Jia Horng
Published: May 2011

Stainless steel (SS) blended yarns with electromagnetic interference (EMI) were made into woven fabrics, after which the fabrics were evaluated with electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMSE). Parameters of laminated angle and the lamination number layers affected the fabrics’ EMSE differently. In addition, density of unidirectional SS yarns affected EMSE in frequency range of 200 to 500 MHz , so as the density of cross SS yarns on a frequency over 1000 MHz.
First-Principles Study on the Phase Transformation of V4+-Doped TiO2 from Anatase to Rutile
Authors: Zhang Hai Dong , Shen Yu , Zheng Xu Xu
Published: May 2011

First-principles simulation was carried out to study the phase transformation of vanadium doped TiO2 from anatase to rutile based on Ti5O10 cluster model. The Ti5O10 cluster models of anatase and rutile and corresponding V4+ isomorphous replaced cluster models were calculated to study the change of total energy, the ways of angular distortion, the change of frontier orbitals and the Ti4+ in the model preferentially substituted by V4+. The calculation results reflect that the V2O4 species, which has a rutile-like structure, can promote the phase transition from anatase to rutile. The single α electron in Ti4VO10 cluster model makes change to the frontier orbitals and the uneven contribution of electrons in valence shell may be the force driving the angular distortion in anatase lattice to rutile-like structure.