bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aumento de Precisión en Localización Indoor basado en Redes Neuronales
Authors: Gerez Agustín , Goñi Oscar Enrique , Leiva Lucas
Published: December 2020

La tecnología WiFi es ampliamente utilizada por un gran número de dispositivos, incluyendo aquellos que componen sistemas de Internet de las Cosas (IoT) y de Inteligencia Artificial (IA). En ambos contextos, el problema de localización ha sido objeto de investigación durante mucho tiempo. En algunos casos, las señales de radio utilizadas para transmitir información son además aprovechadas para realizar estimaciones de posición. Sin embargo, este enfoque se encuentra afectado por la constante fluctuación de la señal. Es posible que al momento de realizar una estimación de posición de un componente emisor, éste se encuentre influenciado por los obstáculos, el multitrayecto y la reflexión de la señal. Sin embargo, su uso mejora cuando se realiza localización espacial considerando diferentes referencias. De esta manera, es posible trazar activos dentro de un ambiente indoor. En este trabajo se analiza la relación de los algoritmos de estimación de distancia utilizando RSSI y triangulación, y se propone una solución basada en Redes Neuronales que combina los resultados de tres algoritmos de estimación de distancia con el fin de aumentar la precisión.
Using mouse cursor tracking to investigate online cognition: Preserving methodological ingenuity while moving toward reproducible science
Authors: Schoemann Martin , O’Hora Denis , Dale Rick , Scherbaum Stefan
Published: December 2020

Mouse cursor tracking has become a prominent method for characterizing cognitive processes, used in a wide variety of domains of psychological science. Researchers have demonstrated considerable ingenuity in the application of the approach, but the methodology has not undergone systematic analysis to facilitate the development of best practices. Furthermore, recent research has demonstrated effects of experimental design features on a number of mousetracking outcomes. We conducted a systematic review of the mouse-tracking literature to survey the reporting and spread of mouse variables (Cursor speed, Sampling rate, Training), physical characteristics of the experiments (Stimulus position, Response box position) and response requirements (Start procedure, Response procedure, Response deadline). This survey reveals that there is room for improvement in reporting practices, especially of subtler design features that researchers may have assumed would not impact research results (e.g., Cursor speed). We provide recommendations for future best practices in mouse-tracking studies and consider how best to standardize the mouse-tracking literature without excessively constraining the methodological flexibility that is essential to the field.
EĞİTİM TARİHİMİZDE ÖĞRENCİLERİN FİZİKSEL VE RUHSAL GELİŞİMLERİNİN TAKİP EDİLMESİ İÇİN HAZIRLANMIŞ BİR REHBERİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DEMİR Gönül Türkan
Published: December 2020

Ülkemizde eğitim programlarında yapılandırmacı kuramın temele alınmasıyla birlikte öğrenci merkezli eğitim anlayışı çerçevesinde öğretim süreçlerinin hazırlanması sırasında öğrenciyi tanıma, bireysel farklılıkları dikkate alma önem kazanmıştır. Yapılandırmacı yaklaşıma dayalı eğitim programlarının uygulanmaya başlanması 2000’li yılların başlarına rastlamaktadır. Bu noktada eğitim tarihimizde öğrenci gelişiminin takibiyle ilgili neler yapılmış olduğu araştırılmıştır. İlgili kaynaklar incelenmiş ve 1920 yılında öğrencinin gelişiminin takip edilmesine yönelik olarak hazırlanmış olan bir gelişim dosyasına ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada Mekteplere Devam Eden Çocukların Ahval-i Maddiye ve Maneviyelerini Tetkike Mahsus Rehber adıyla yayınlanmış olan dosya incelenecektir. Çalışma doküman analizi yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiş nitel bir araştırmadır. Dosyanın içeriğinin betimsel analizi yapılarak klasik eğitim anlayışlarının hâkim olduğu dönemlerde öğrencilerin gelişimlerinin hangi ölçütlere göre takip edildiğini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Öğrenci takip dosyasının içeriğine bakıldığında öğrencinin akademik başarısından ziyade ahlaki ve ruhsal gelişiminin takip edilmesine önem verildiği anlaşılmıştır. Öğrenciyi tanımak için dosya da öğrencinin ortaya koyduğu ürünlerin ve bu ürünleri ortaya koyarken o öğrencide meydana gelen değişimlerin, yapılan bir ürün ya da etkinliğin öğrencinin maddi ve manevi varlığına yaptığı etkilerin üzerinde durulmuştur. Dosyanın hazırlanma amacının öğrencinin kişilik gelişiminin nasıl şekillendiğinin tespit edilmesini kolaylaştırmaya yönelik olduğunu düşünmek mümkündür. Günümüz eğitim anlayışlarıyla geçmişin karşılaştırmasının yapılmasına zemin oluşturabilecek olan bu çalışma eğitim yaklaşımlarımızın temellendirilmesine katkı sağlayacaktır.
El reto de imaginar ciudadanías plenas
Authors: Yangali Vargas Jorge Luis
Published: December 2020

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Tracing the Materiality of Feathers in Stone Age North-Eastern Europe
Authors: Mannermaa Kristiina , Kirkinen Tuija
Published: December 2020

The use of feathers in ritual costumes and everyday clothing is well described in ethnographic sources throughout the world. From the same sources we know that bird wings and feathers were loaded with meaning in traditional societies worldwide. However, direct archaeological evidence of prehistoric use of feathers is still extremely scarce. Hence, feathers belong to the ‘missing majority’: items that are absent from the archaeological record but which we can assume to have been of importance. Here we present microscopic analysis of soil samples from hunter-gatherer burial contexts which reveal the first direct evidence of the use of feathers in the Mesolithic period of north-eastern Europe.
Bringing Back some Eagleness to Eagles – on Bird Worldings in the Bronze Age
Authors: Goldhahn Joakim
Published: December 2020

This paper explores multispecies relations in the Bronze Age in northern Europe in gen-eral, and in particular some of the intra-actions between humans and eagles. The paper is a call to embrace eagles as co-actors in unfolding human worldings. It demonstrates that more than one relationship and intra-action unfolded between humans and eagles during the Bronze Age; some were male-gendered and others were revealed as significant for fe-males and children. It is argued that to be able to detect these and similar complex relation-ships between humans and others-than-humans in the past, we need to try to seek more enmeshed ways to assemble data which combine, contrast, and explore the complexity of different strands of evidence.
Horses, Fish and Humans: Interspecies Relationships in the Nordic Bronze Age
Authors: Kveiborg Jacob , Ahlqvist Laura , Vandkilde Helle
Published: December 2020

In this article, we identify and discuss Nordic Bronze Age interspecies relationships through a relational approach that is open to ontologies that differ from our own. Drawing on bronze objects, faunal remains and rock art recovered from a multitude of Nordic Bronze Age sites (1700–500 BC), we outline the complex evolution and interactions of significant socioeconomic and cosmological elements such as the horse, the sun, the warrior, the sea and fish, and their relationships to life and death. We suggest that these elements may be seen as interconnected parts of an entangled whole, which represents a specific Nordic Bronze Age cosmology, which developed between 1600 and 1400 BC, and combined local, archaic world views and foreign influences.
On the Fringe: Sheepdogs and Their Status Within Bronze Age Ontologies in Scandinavia
Authors: Armstrong Oma Kristin
Published: December 2020

This contribution draws mainly on images of dogs, humans and sheep from Nordic Bronze Age rock art sources, but living arrangements within the household and depositional patterns of dog bones on settlements are also considered to extrapolate an understanding of the physical reality and ontological role of sheepdogs within the social aspects of the practice of herding. I use theories from the interdisciplinary field of human-animal studies to understand how socialisation, habituation and trust create a seamless choreography between human, dog and sheep.
Methods and Techniques Used by English Teacher Educators in Nepal
Authors: Bhandari Bhim Lal
Published: December 2020

This qualitative research study aims to explore the methods and techniques used by teacher educators in Nepalese English Language Teaching (ELT) contexts. Four teacher educators from two campuses of Rupandehi district of Nepal were selected purposively. Open-ended questions were used to collect information from the participants. The results of the study reveal that grammar-translation method (GTM), audio-lingual method and communicative language teaching (CLT) were three major methods like-wise, role play, group, and pair work techniques were found to be used frequently used in the ELT classrooms by teacher educators. The study reveals a positive perception of teachers towards the methods and techniques used by them. It also shows the necessity of the eclectic method with the idea that no method or technique is the best and worst in English language teaching.
A Review on Development of Liquid Cooling System for Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Authors: Harun Muhammad Arif , Che Sidik Nor Azwadi
Published: December 2020

Electronic devices are becoming more efficient while getting a smaller size and compact design thus increase heat generation significantly. High heat generation from high technology electronic devices are needed to be cool down or control its temperature to prevent overheating problems. Due to the high cooling performance of liquid cooling, the electronic cooling system is shifting from an air-cooling system to a liquid cooling system. In the past few decades, numerous methods proposed by researchers for the central process unit (CPU) cooling using the liquid system either active cooling or passive cooling system. Other than physical configuration such as heat sink design, different configurations of working fluids are widely been studied by most of the researchers. Different working fluids have different heat transfer performance. Furthermore, a recent study has come out more interesting finding using nanofluid which can enhance heat transfer performance of liquid cooling. Nanofluid is a working fluid that has nanoparticles disperse in the base fluid which can increase the thermal properties of the based fluid. In this paper, comprehensive literature on the type of working fluid used in the respective system and methods of liquid cooling system for CPU including its cooling performance. Furthermore, this review paper discussed the different configuration of the liquid block and also the working fluid that had been used in the CPU cooling system.
Essential Leadership Qualities for High Performing Virtual Teams
Authors: ÇIRPAN Hüseyin , YOMRALIOĞLU Dilek
Published: December 2020

In today’s global organizations, virtual teams have become the sine quo non of the workplace enabled by the advanced information technologies. Actually, recently for many, it is the only way of work due to the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic. Besides the advantages of virtual teams, team leaders face unique challenges caused by remote working (Cordery and Soo, 2008; Cascio, 2000; Zhang and Fjermestad, 2006). This study examines the leader’s expected qualifications for high performance both from the leader’s and the team members’ perspectives. The qualitative data is collected from five senior virtual team executives and five virtual team members from different organizations through online semi-structured interviews. Our findings suggest that effective communication, accessible technical infrastructure, team design as a supportive factor of team trust and predefined job descriptions are the main components of a performant virtual team. Furthermore, our study shows that facilitating role of the leader is significant in understanding the local conditions and harmonizing cross-cultural differences of the team members. The democratic and humanistic approach of a leader is highly appreciated in virtual teamwork.
The Effect of Infection by Toxocariasis on Some Biochemical Parameters in Some Areas of Salah Al-Din Governorate
Authors: Ermeith Enas , Jamal Mahmoud Ashraf , Jassim Yousef Buthaina
Published: December 2020

The current study examined 277 blood samples of people, from both sexes of different ages, living in different areas of Salah Al-Din Governorate (Tikrit, Al-Alam and Baiji districts). The study was conducted from November, 2018 to June, 2019. All participants were secrened to investigate the incidence of toxocariasis using IgG TES-ELISA technique. The results showed that the rate of infection with toxocariasis was 22%. It was found an increase in cholesterol concentrations within age group 48-58 years and amounted to 185.8 mg/dl, and highest rate of increase in triglycerides was recorded within age group 15-25 years (168.1 mg/dl). The highest percentage of total protein was recorded within age group 26- 36 years (6.67 mg/dl). As for lipoprotein tests, highest percentage of high-density lipoproteins in age group 48-58 years was recorded (53 mg/dl), while low-density lipoproteins were highest in age group 48-58 years (100.8 mg/dl), and in very low-density lipoproteins the highest percentage within age group 15-25 years (33.5 mg/dl). The highest percentage of AST liver enzymes was recorded in age group 15-25 years and the percentage was 20.6 u/l. The highest percentage of ALT was recorded in age group 26-36 years (20.1 u/l) and 15-25 years (20 u/l). It is concluded that This age group continues to be exposed to infection with toxocariasis, which leads to presence large numbers of live larvae which secrete their antigens in the body and thus spread of toxoplasmosis, and the increase in proportion of fats is caused by poor oxidation of fatty acids and increased production of hepatic fatty acids Which leads to a delay in breakdown of lipoproteins, and the increase in level of AST, ALT enzyme occurs in cases of hepatitis and cirrhosis and may be associated with advanced cases of toxocariasis.
Starspot Modulation Detected in the Detached Eclipsing Binary KIC 8301013
Authors: Pan Yang , Fu Jian-Ning , Zong Weikai , Zhang Xiaobin , Wang Jiaxin , Li Chunqian
Published: December 2020

We investigate a short-period (P ≈ 4.4 days) eclipsing binary KIC 8301013 using high-quality Kepler photometry and the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) spectroscopic data. Through the light-curve and radial-velocity synthesis using the Wilson–Devinney method, it reveals that the binary is an almost circular (e ≈ 0.001), detached system composed of two late F-type main-sequence stars, with masses and radii of

, R
1 = 1.45 ± 0.01R
⊙ and M
2 = 1.11 ± 0.05M
⊙, R
2 = 1.20 ± 0.01R
⊙ for the primary and secondary, respectively. Besides the light variations due to the eclipses, the light curve shows quasi-sinusoidal variations that could be ascribed to starspot modulation. After removing the synthetic binary light curve from the detrended Kepler data, we measure the periods of the active region rotation by using the autocorrelation function (ACF) and Lomb–Scargle periodograms, the decay timescale of the active region by fitting the ACF of out-of-eclipse residuals, and the size of the active region represented by the rms scatter of the out-of-eclipse residuals. The activity level on the binary is significantly stronger than the Sun and has a better agreement with individual F-type stars. No periodic changes are detected in the active region evolution. Thus, KIC 8301013 is an interesting sample for the study of starspot modulation.
Early Spectral Evolution of Classical Novae: Consistent Evidence for Multiple Distinct Outflows
Authors: Aydi E. , Chomiuk L. , Izzo L. , Harvey E. J. , Leahy-McGregor J. , Strader J. , Buckley D. A. H. , Sokolovsky K. V. , Kawash A. , Kochanek C. S. , Linford J. D. , Metzger B. D. , Mukai K. , Orio M. , Shappee B. J. , Shishkovsky L. , Steinberg E. , Swihart S. J. , Sokoloski J. L. , Walter F. M. , Woudt P. A.
Published: December 2020

The physical mechanism driving mass ejection during a nova eruption is still poorly understood. Possibilities include ejection in a single ballistic event, a common-envelope interaction, a continuous wind, or some combination of these processes. Here, we present a study of 12 Galactic novae, for which we have premaximum high-resolution spectroscopy. All 12 novae show the same spectral evolution. Before optical peak, they show a slow P Cygni component. After peak, a fast component quickly arises, while the slow absorption remains superimposed on top of it, implying the presence of at least two physically distinct flows. For novae with high-cadence monitoring, a third, intermediate-velocity component is also observed. These observations are consistent with a scenario where the slow component is associated with the initial ejection of the accreted material and the fast component with a radiation-driven wind from the white dwarf. When these flows interact, the slow flow is swept up by the fast flow, producing the intermediate component. These colliding flows may produce the γ-ray emission observed in some novae. Our spectra also show that the transient heavy-element absorption lines seen in some novae have the same velocity structure and evolution as the other lines in the spectrum, implying an association with the nova ejecta rather than a preexisting circumbinary reservoir of gas or material ablated from the secondary. While this basic scenario appears to qualitatively reproduce multiwavelength observations of classical novae, substantial theoretical and observational work is still needed to untangle the rich diversity of nova properties.
The Saga of M81: Global View of a Massive Stellar Halo in Formation
Authors: Smercina Adam , Bell Eric F. , Price Paul A. , Slater Colin T. , D’Souza Richard , Bailin Jeremy , de Jong Roelof S. , Jang In Sung , Monachesi Antonela , Nidever David
Published: December 2020

Recent work has shown that Milky Way–mass galaxies display an incredible range of stellar halo properties, yet the origin of this diversity is unclear. The nearby galaxy M81—currently interacting with M82 and NGC 3077—sheds unique light on this problem. We present a Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam survey of the resolved stellar populations around M81, revealing M81's stellar halo in never-before-seen detail. We resolve the halo to unprecedented V-band equivalent surface brightnesses of 33 mag arcsec −2 and produce the first-ever global stellar mass density map for a Milky Way–mass stellar halo outside of the Local Group. Using the minor axis, we confirm M81's halo as one of the lowest mass and metal poorest known (M
⋆ ≃ 1.16 × 109
M
⊙, [Fe/H] ≃ −1.2)—indicating a relatively quiet prior accretion history. Yet, our global halo census finds that tidally unbound material from M82 and NGC 3077 provides a substantial infusion of metal-rich material (M
⋆ ≃ 5.4 × 108
M
⊙, [Fe/H] ≃−0.9). We further show that, following the accretion of its massive satellite M82 (and the LMC-like NGC 3077), M81 will host one of the most massive and metal-rich stellar halos in the nearby universe. Thus, the saga of M81: following a passive history, M81's merger with M82 will completely transform its halo from a low-mass, anemic halo rivaling the Milky Way, to a metal-rich behemoth rivaled only by systems such as M31. This dramatic transformation indicates that the observed diversity in stellar halo properties is primarily driven by diversity in the largest mergers these galaxies have experienced.
Taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical hover fly genus Senaspis Macquart (Diptera, Syrphidae)
Authors: De Meyer Marc , Goergen Georg , Jordaens Kurt
Published: December 2020

The representatives of the Afrotropical hover fly genusSenaspisMacquart (Diptera) are revised. In total, ten species are recognized.Senaspis apophysata(Bezzi) is herewith placed as junior synonym ofS. flavicepsMacquart,S. livida(Bezzi) is herewith placed as junior synonym ofS. dentipes(Macquart) andS. griseifacies(Bezzi) is herewith placed as junior synonym ofS. haemorrhoa(Gerstaecker). All species are redescribed and an identification key is provided. DNA barcoding analysis (7 species, 64 barcodes) showed that the technique can be used to unambiguously identify the species. The relationships among the differentSenaspisspecies are discussed based on morphological and DNA data.
Effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup on constipation and the composition of gut microbiota
Authors: Wang R. , Sun J. , Li G. , Zhang M. , Niu T. , Kang X. , Zhao H. , Chen J. , Sun E. , Li Y.
Published: December 2020

Probiotics have been reported to be associated with the alleviation of constipation. The aim of this study was to detect and determine the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup (MN-Gup) on the alleviation of constipation in BALB/c mice and humans, and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying its effect by measuring changes in the concentration of short-chain fatty acids and the composition of microbes in human faeces. BALB/c mice were given MN-Gup by gavage for 14 days. On the 8th day of this treatment, constipation was induced by the application of diphenoxylate via gavage. The results showed that MN-Gup significantly decreased the first black stool defecation time, and significantly increased black faecal wet weight, black faecal number and the gastric-intestinal transit rate (P<0.05), thereby relieving constipation. In humans, a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed to investigate the effect of MN-Gup in adults with functional constipation. After 4 weeks of intervention with placebo or MN-Gup yogurt, constipation-related symptoms (including defecation frequency, stool consistency, straining and incomplete feeling during defecation) in the constipated subjects were significantly improved in the two groups, but not different between the groups at the end of the intervention. The concentration of acetate increased significantly in the MN-Gup group compared to the placebo group and before ingestion. Significant changes in the composition of gut microbiota were found after intake of MN-Gup yogurt when compared to placebo. The relative abundances of acetate-producing Bifidobacterium, Ruminoccaceae_UCG-002 and Ruminoccaceae_UCG-005 were significantly increased after intake of MN-Gup yogurt. These results showed that MN-Gup could relieve constipation related to increased acetate-producing Bifidobacterium, Ruminoccaceae_UCG-002 and Ruminoccaceae_UCG-005.
Altered muscle activation in agility dogs performing warm-up exercises: an acoustic myography study
Authors: Fuglsang-Damgaard L.H. , Harrison A.P. , Vitger A.D.
Published: December 2020

Agility is physically demanding and dogs encounter a considerable risk of injury during training and competition. Pre-performance warm-up is used routinely among human athletes to prepare the tissues for these physical demands, but in canine sports evidence for effects of warm-up is lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of warm-up in dogs on two major muscles involved in locomotion. It was hypothesised that, after warm-up, the muscles would be used more efficiently (more fibre resting time/total time), recruit fewer fibres (reduced spatial summation) and/or activated with a lower firing frequency (reduced temporal summation). The following factors ‘sex, age, weight, height, training level and agility experience’ were evaluated for their potential impact on muscle function parameters. Fourteen large (≥46 cm at the withers) agility dogs of different breeds and training levels performed a 5 min warm-up program three times, with a 2 min break between the programs for recording purposes. Acoustic myography sensors were attached on the skin over the muscles m. triceps brachii (TB) and m. gluteus superficialis (GS). Recordings of muscle activity were made, while the dogs trotted before warm-up and after each 5 min warm-up program. The dogs used TB more efficiently after 5 min (P<0.05), 10 min (P<0.05) and 15 min (P<0.001) of exercise compared to pre-warm-up values. No changes were found in the activity of GS. For well-trained dogs, TB recruited fewer muscle fibres after 10 and 15 min of warm-up compared to dogs that trained less than 1 h weekly (P<0.03). For dogs with more than 2 years of experience, GS had a lower firing frequency before and after 10 min warm-up compared to dogs with less experience. The results indicate that warm-up alters muscle activation by an increased muscular efficiency. Training level and experience have an influence on muscle function parameters.
Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fracture Outcomes by Pediatric and Nonpediatric Orthopedists
Authors: Mets Elbert J. , Grauer Jonathan Newman , McLynn Ryan P. , Frumberg David B.
Published: December 2020

Pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures are common and often require surgical intervention by an orthopedic surgeon, who may or may not have pediatric subspecialty training. This study used a large national database to assess for potential differences in perioperative outcomes for pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures treated by pediatric and nonpediatric orthopedists. A retrospective comparative cohort analysis was performed using data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Project-Pediatric (NSQIP-P) database 2012 to 2017. Patients 1 to 11 years old were assessed. Demographics, comorbidities, and the incidence of adverse outcomes were compared between pediatric and nonpediatric orthopedists using multivariate analysis controlling for patient characteristics. A total of 15,831 patients were included in the study. Of these, 85.2% were treated by pediatric orthopedists and 14.8% were treated by nonpediatric orthopedists. Demographics, comorbidity burden, operative time, and hospital length of stay were not significantly different between the study groups. With multivariate analysis controlling for patient factors, no differences were identified for 30-day adverse events, reoperation, or readmission whether surgery was performed by pediatric or nonpediatric orthopedists. Considering self-selection of surgeons who perform surgery for pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures, no differences in hospital or general outcome metrics were identified based on who performed these procedures. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(2):e203–e210.]
Patient-Perceived Outcomes After Nonoperative Treatment of Distal Radius Fracture in Older Adults
Authors: Park Min Jong , Koh Kyoung Hwan , Lee Ki Won , Lee Yong Jae , Lee Hyun Il
Published: December 2020

Malunion after distal radius fracture is common in older patients; however, whether patient-perceived outcomes are influenced by radiologic outcome is controversial. This study evaluated patient-perceived outcomes according to radiologic parameters in older patients who underwent nonoperative treatment. The records of 167 patients older than 55 years who had a distal radius fracture were reviewed. All fractures were treated nonoperatively, and average length of follow-up was 7 years. Outcomes were evaluated using numeric rating scales for pain and satisfaction, as well as Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) scores. Radiographs were evaluated for dorsal tilt, radial inclination, and ulnar variance. Fifty-one patients (30%) developed malunion. The pain numeric rating scale score was 0.8 for patients with malunion and 0.4 for patients with acceptable alignment; this difference was not statistically significant. The QuickDASH score was higher for patients with malunion (14.9 vs 11.1 for patients with acceptable alignment); however, this difference was not clinically meaningful. Satisfaction scores were lower for patients with malunion than for patients with acceptable alignment (80.8 vs 92.3). Patients with malunion stated they would choose surgery rather than a cast (13.3% vs 7.2%) if they developed another fracture; this difference was not statistically significant. The subanalysis according to radiologic parameters showed dorsal tilt and ulnar variance affected patient satisfaction but not other outcomes. This study indicated nonoperative treatment in older adults obtained acceptable patient-perceived outcomes despite residual deformity. However, patients whose radiologic parameter exceeded the tolerable range were less satisfied. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(2):e190–e196.]
Dynamic Analysis of Plates with Cut-Out Carrying Concentrated and Distributed Mass
Authors: Pal S , Haldar S , Kalita K
Published: December 2020

An isoparametric plate bending element with nine nodes is used in this paper for dynamic analysis of isotropic cut-out plate having concentrated and uniformly distributed mass on the plate. The Mindlin’s first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) is used in the present finite element formulation. Two proportionate mass lumping schemes are used. The effect of rotary inertia is included in one of the mass lumping schemes in the present element formulation. Dynamic analysis of rectangular isotropic plates with cut-out having different side ratio, thickness ratio and boundary condition is analysed using a finite element method. The present results are compared with the published results. Some new results on isotropic plates with cut-out having different side ratio, ratio of side-to-thickness of the plate, different position and size of cut-out in plates subjected to transversely concentrated and distributed mass are presented.
Evaluation of the Potential Hazards of Ship-Generated Waste in Maritime Industry Using a Type-2 Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process
Authors: Celik E , Soner O , Akyuz E , Arslan O
Published: December 2020

Ships create a large amount of pollutions to marine and coastal environment where its pollutants have negative effects to human and maritime habitat. Depending on the nature of ship-generated waste, rules and regulations determine discharging procedures. This paper focuses on evaluating of potential hazards of ship-generated wastes on the environment whether it may be discharged into the sea or disposed of on port facilities. Thus, marine and costal environmental effects can be discussed analytically to improve human and ecological health. To achieve this purpose, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) extended with interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2FSs) is used. While AHP method is used for prioritizing the potential ship-generated waste, the IT2FSs deal with uncertainty and vagueness in the process of obtaining expert decision. Beside assessment of the environmental impacts, the paper contributes to enhance coastal and marine environmental awareness with respect to the ship-generated waste.
Evaluación de la arquitectura hospitalaria: unidad de neonatología
Authors: Cambra-Rufino Laura , Paniagua-Caparrós José León , Bedoya-Frutos César
Published: December 2020

La búsqueda de la eficiencia y la calidad es especialmente relevante en la arquitectura sanitaria ya que su diseño tiene una repercusión directa en los resultados clínicos obtenidos. Dentro del hospital, la unidad de neonatología es el lugar donde se atiende a los pacientes más vulnerables al entorno que les rodea. Este estudio evalúa el diseño de dos unidades españolas en relación con las guías de diseño nacionales y las recomendaciones del proceso de diseño basado en evidencias a partir del análisis de sus plantas, fotografías y la herramienta de evaluación post-ocupacional CURARQ-UNeo. Los resultados identifican las posibles actuaciones de mejora para cada unidad. Este tipo de evaluación puede impulsar el avance del proceso de diseño basado en evidencias en España con la finalidad de que las decisiones del proyecto contribuyan a mejorar la calidad de vida de los neonatos, sus familiares y el personal de una unidad de neonatología.
La Organización de la Justicia en España durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX
Authors: Juan José Antonio Pérez
Published: December 2020

Cet article a pour objectif d´analyser l’appareil judiciaire espagnol de la proclamation de la Constitution de 1812 au règne d´Isabelle II. La structure pyramidale mise en place au cours de cette période place la Cour Suprême au sommet de la structure judiciaire et unifie l’instance intermédiaire en homogénéisant les compétences des Tribunaux provinciaux. À la base de cette structure, on retrouve le « juez de partido » qui partage ses attributions judiciaires sur le plan local avec le maire. La figure judiciaire du maire est des plus complexes, car elle se situe aux marges du pouvoir judiciaire et exécutif. Au fil du temps, la législation tentera de résoudre ce conflit de compétences en réduisant, puis en excluant la participation du maire dans l´administration de la justice.
The Effects of Digitalization on Social Entrepreneurship and Social Value
Authors: Cide Demir Hale
Published: December 2020

The intense competition and change by globalization and digitalization in the 21st century have made organizations and people face opportunities, threats, and uncertainty. Digitalization allows new and original business models and thus, presenting changes as a service or benefit to the consumer has become more important. A network is the most powerful instrument of social entrepreneurs or other employees to adapt to the new order. A very important tool of the new order is the blockchain technology which allows more secure, efficient, and trustworthy social enterprises. Social entrepreneurship is the process of establishing social enterprises to create social benefits and the relevant social value is general non-financial effects of programs, organizations, and interferences that include the wellbeing of people and communities, social capital, and the environment. This study tries to define and theorize that the results of digitalization can be managed by increasing social entrepreneurship and the resulting social impact and networking have an easing effect on this method.
Commercial Potentials of NBIoT and Its Impact on the Economy
Authors: Mohanty Sasmita
Published: December 2020

The internet of things (IoT) has emerged as a potential game changer in the modern ICT landscape. Like several other technologies, it is going to disrupt the global markets to a large extent. The main potentials of IoT are its pervasive presence and multiple applications. For the large-scale deployment of the IoTs, a huge amount of resources are needed. In that case, a lighter or energy efficient version of the IoT is preferred for the large scale projects such as the smart cities and healthcare applications. In this regard, narrowband IoT (NBIoT) is preferred which is a resource efficient version of the modern IoTs. The pervasive uses of the IoTs are going to change the economy and the social landscapes to a large extent. IoT will be pervasive, and it will touch every aspect of the human lives. Due to its pervasiveness, the economy associated with it is going to be equally pervasive. In this chapter, the aim is to provide the commercial potentials of NBIoT and to analyze the changes it can bring to the economy. In the commercial potentials the author include the common applications where NBIoT is the main choice and can play a crucial role in the long term. Normally, these sectors are widely accessible to the general public such as the healthcare, traffic monitoring systems, smart cities, utilities management, retail management, industrial automation, and the emergency services.
Narrowband IoT for Internet of Everything
Authors: Routray Sudhir K. , Anand Sarath
Published: December 2020

Narrowband internet of things (NBIoT) is a leaner and thinner version of the IoT which needs much less resources than the other forms of the IoTs. Therefore, it is considered as a low power wide area network (LPWAN) technology. It can connect with a large number of devices with a very small amount of power and bandwidth. It has potential to connect almost all the considerable objects with the internet. Thus, it is a very powerful technology to establish internet of everything (IoE), a framework consisting of data, processes, sensing, and follow up actions for an intelligent environment. In this chapter, the authors present the IoE friendly architecture of NBIoT, its LPWAN features, principles, and its common applications in different sectors to show its versatility toward IoE. They show the layered architecture of a typical NBIoT and the main protocols used in the narrowband scenarios. They show the general applications of NBIoT for IoE and how it can provide services with limited bandwidth and power. With all these wonderful features, NBIoT is certainly an attractive technology for IoE which can provide the accelerated innovation opportunities.
Telematics and Mobile Internet
Authors: Tuna Gurkan , Cengiz Korhan
Published: December 2020

Telematics technologies and vehicular communications enable various intelligent transportation system applications with different data flow requirements that must be considered by the communications infrastructure provider in terms of transmission reliability, latency, jitter, and security. To meet those requirements, the dynamic nature of traffic and spatiotemporal features of roads must be considered. In parallel with the full coverage in urban areas and increase in the data rates, mobile networks have been started to be widely used by intelligent transportation system applications, especially for gathering data from various sensors. In this chapter, firstly, the current situation of telematics applications for intelligent transportation system is focused on and then mobile internet and mobile internet based applications are reviewed. Second, how much benefit vehicle telematics and mobile internet applications can obtain from the evolution of mobile networks is analysed. Finally, future research directions in this domain are pointed out.
Control and Commitment HRM Systems in SME Family Firms
Authors: Gauci Borda Daniela , Hansen Nina Katrin , Gore Julie
Published: December 2020

Strategic HRM research in small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) family businesses still remains in its infancy. This chapter reports one of the first exploratory qualitative empirical studies in this field. Thirteen semi-structured interviews with managers and directors from SME family firms in Malta were completed. The empirical findings show that there is a variety in the implementation of different combinations of HRM practices on the spectrum between control and commitment HRM. Adapting a strategic HRM framework resulted in identify the potential of two new hybrid systems: the “selective” control and the “informal” commitment HRM systems. The findings shed light on the importance of context in implementing an effective HRM system. Furthermore, the authors derive relevant practical implications including the identification of key areas for potential improvement of HRM systems adopted by SME family businesses.
Sustainable Human Resources as the Future of HRM Systems in Family Firms
Authors: Kuźniarska Aneta
Published: December 2020

Issues associated with the fair distribution of resources for both current and future generations are gaining on more importance as a result of broad discussion worldwide relating to the ecological problems. One of the significant elements of these activities is embodied by family firms; hence, the aim of this chapter is an attempt to indicate what an important role in terms of building the future of family firms is played by the adoption of the principles of sustainable management with the participation of the employees and the owners on the basis of the appropriately designed functions of HRM. The chapter includes introductory elements to the significance and foundations of the concept of sustainable development in order for the subsequent sections to contain information on the subject of utilizing the concept of sustainable management in organizations and the departments of HR. The final section of the chapter constitutes indications referring to the creation of sustainable personnel in family firms as a challenge that is facing the departments of HR.
Entrepreneurial Intention in Family Business
Authors: Mileva Ivona , Bojadjiev Marjan , Stefanovska-Petkovska Miodraga , Tomovska Misoska Ana
Published: December 2020

The goal of the chapter is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the entrepreneurial intentions in family businesses. Furthermore, the chapter will provide and assess how the role of prior family business background has influence on entrepreneurial intention. The chapter will provide introduction of the term entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial intentions, and the family significant impact on entrepreneurial intentions, and it is important because it studies the effect of the entrepreneurial family background on entrepreneurial intentions in family firms. The chapter will provide the reader with an increased understanding of whether the role of parents has influence over the entrepreneurial intentions of their offspring. The reader will be introduced to the up-to-date scientific research in the area of entrepreneurial intentions in family firms.
Law and HRM Challenges in Generational Transition of Family Firms
Authors: Marchisio Emiliano
Published: December 2020

This chapter examines some of the most relevant HRM problems in generational transition of family firms and proposes a number of legal instruments capable of resolving them. Use of corporations as vehicles to run the family business is examined, also with respect to consequences of this choice in business transition. Definition and “protection” of family roles within the firm are observed. Patrimonial issues are compared to personal issues and their interplay is explained by reference to five different scenarios. Last, the possibility to “select”, so to say, the law applicable to one's succession under Regulation (EU) no 650/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 is explored. At the end, it is concluded that even if HRM in family business shows informality along with formality in designing business practices, generational transition of family firms requires structuring and needs be planned, appropriately and in detail, in advance.
Service Design and Enterprise Risk Management for Knowledge-Based Services
Authors: Barbieri Silvio , Catenazzo Giuseppe , Fragnière Emmanuel
Published: December 2020

Services make most of the value in developed economies. In knowledge-based (credence) services, during each transaction, clients look for transmission of value through advice, information, knowledge, or counselling. Providers and clients interact during the service profusion; the human nature of these transactions makes errors inevitable. This chapter intends to guide managers step-by-step in providing better services and managing risks effectively. Each phase includes the presentation of a hands-on managerial tool. To design or improve a service, blueprint can help to visualize and fine-tuning its value chain. Riskoprint allows capturing the complexity of service risks, their sources, and severity. Finally, feed-forward controls contribute to preventing and recovering from service failures.
An Integration of Human Resources and Supply Chain Management for a Sustainable Competitive Advantage
Authors: Doğru Çağlar
Published: December 2020

In this chapter, a multi-disciplinary approach for creating sustainable competitive advantage is examined. This is the integration of human resources management and supply chain management. The primary aim is to come up with a solution to the research question of ‘how do organizations create sustainable competitive advantage by integrating human resources and supply chain management?' In order to put forth the solutions, the resource-based approach is employed. A detailed literature review is given on the integration of two business functions to create sustainable competitive advantage. This chapter contributes to the literature, first by laying out the importance of resource-based view in both human resources and supply chain management, second by examining how do these two functions unite in order to obtain sustainable competitive advantage, and lastly, by enriching the limited number of studies so far on the integration of human resources and supply chain management with the help of a literature review.
The Negative Role of Environmental Pollution on International Trade
Authors: Yüksel Serhat , Ubay Gözde Gülseven , Çelebi Büşra
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine the main causes behind companies causing carbon emissions. In this way, the main reasons for companies to make carbon emissions have been explored. For this purpose, six different variables that are thought to be effective on this issue were determined. After that, an examination was made with fuzzy DEMATEL method in order to determine which of these factors are more important. The findings indicate that legal deficiency is the main reason for companies to cause carbon emissions. In this situation, it is a must to take necessary measures for the solution of this problem. In order for overcome legal deficiency problem, it is understood that the legal infrastructure should be adapted to this process. In order to increase the international trade volume, it is necessary to impose penal sanctions on companies and to regularly inspect these companies. In addition to these, incentives can be given to companies that are in competitive sectors and to create an awareness on this subject, governments can facilitate training programs.
Examination of Vocational Schools as Sustainable Human Resources in Supply Chain Management
Authors: Olgun Bülent Özgür , Koç Aytekin Güner
Published: December 2020

In today's business world, having talented, educated, and qualified employees who can use technological developments has become an important advantage. Maintaining this superiority can be done with employees who are technically business-oriented. Economic uncertainty in the global markets enables countries to attach importance to vocational education, which will make their youth a part of the current economic process. The aim of this study is to reveal the necessity of vocational education in vocational high schools and vocational schools of higher education in our country to sustainably meet the global workforce needs of supply chain management. In this context, South Korea has been selected on global scale, which is thought to play an important role in the vocational education policies implemented in her development, and the general and vocational education system examined has been compared with the situation in Turkey.
Critical Success Factors for Effective Backhauling in Distribution Channels of British Supermarkets
Authors: Jagger Gregory , Balci Gökcay
Published: December 2020

An effective backhaul in distribution may help organizations reduce their costs and increase operational efficiency. Effective backhauling can also help companies in their societal marketing facilities by reducing carbon emissions. The purpose of this study is to identify and rank critical success factors in effective backhauling. Analytical hierarchical process method is conducted on managers working in the distribution of supermarket retail chains in the UK. A total of six factors are identified based on the literature review and qualitative interviews with managers. According to overall results, the most important critical success factor is found to be effective delivery planning followed by effective communication with suppliers and demand forecasting. However, different groups in the sample have different rankings. According to third party logistics managers, the most important critical success factor is collaborative logistics.