bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using of angiogenesis blockers in combined treatment of neovascular glaucoma (literature review)
Authors:   Ufa Eye Research Institute of the Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Babushkin A.E. , Orenburkina O.I. ,   All-Russian Eye and Plastic Surgery Center of the Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

The review article presents an analysis of Russian and foreign literature about using of anti-VEGF drugs (bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept and conbercept) in surgery of neovascular glaucoma (NVG), which are used «off-label» for this disease. The efficacy is evaluated and various methods of their administration are presented, as well as possible complications. The authors conclude that the most successful strategy in combined treatment of NVG is the use of antiangiogenic drugs, since in the vast majority of cases it allows to achieve the rapid disappearance or, at least, a significant regression of the iris rubeosis and reduction of hemorrhagic complications, which significantly improves the efficacy of subsequent surgical treatment of NVG. Keywords: neovascularization, anti-VEGF drugs, surgical treatment of neovascular glaucoma, prevention of hemorrhagic complications, improving the efficacy of surgical treatment
Possibilities of diagnostic monitoring of diabetic retinopathy using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Pomytkina N.V. , Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is an advanced noninvasive method of 3D imaging and quantitative analysis of the retinal and choroidal microvasculature. It allows detecting manifestation and progression of diabetic retinopathy, planning treatment and evaluating its results. OCTA expands our understanding of microvascular changes in retinal vascular plexuses in different stages of disease and deepens understanding of its pathogenesis. Keywords: optical coherence tomography angiography; fluorescein angiography; diabetic retinopathy; foveal avascular zone; retinal blood flow
Rare clinical cases of lesions of the ocular surface of various etiologies
Authors:   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russian Federation, Babushkin A.E. , Israfilova G.Z. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

The article presents several rare cases from clinical practice. In particular, they concern conjunctivitis, which was the first sign of COVID 19 infection, corneotoxic corneal lesions in the form of an extensive ulcer due to the abuse of local anesthetic oxybuprocaine. Other clinical cases of ocular surface damage are associated with vaccination against a new coronavirus infection, namely with the development of adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis after LASIK refractive intervention and subsequent early (after 5 days) immunoprophylaxis with the Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine, as well as with such a rare allergic complication as toxic epidermal necrolysis or Lyell's syndrome. Finally, a clinical case is presented on the membranous, hyperergic form of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, which requires the attention of ophthalmologists, primarily in relation to differential diagnosis with true diphtheria lesions of the conjunctiva. Keywords: rare clinical cases, ocular surface, corneotoxic lesion, corneal ulcer, COVID 19, vaccination, toxic epidermal necrolysis, adenoviral conjunctivitis, hyperergic form
Dry eye syndrome with dysfunction of the meibomian glands in a refractive patient (clinical case)
Authors:   S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Mushkova I.A. , Karimova A.N. ,   S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Obraztsova M.R. ,   S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow
Published: September 2023

Purpose. To describe a clinical case of a patient planning keratorefractive surgery, diagnosed with dry eye syndrome (DES) on the background of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Material and methods. Patient S. applied to the Department of laser refractive surgery of S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution. She was 27 years old with a diagnosis of moderate myopia in both eyes for possible keratorefractive surgery. She underwent a standard refractive diagnosis and consultation with an ophthalmic surgeon. Results.During biomicroscopy and standard ophthalmological examinations of the ocular surface, patient S. was found to have DES and MGD. It was decided to conduct a course of conservative treatment to restore the ocular surface. Conclusion. Thus, the proposed utility model for the treatment of MGD and the associated DES makes it possible to normalize the secretory work of these glands and, as a result, stabilize the condition of the tear film, which contributes to the safe planning of keratorefractive surgery. Keywords: dry eye syndrome, dysfunction of the meibomian glands, tear film, keratorefractive surgery
Clinical analysis of inflammatory diseases of the eye surface after SARS-CoV-2 infection and effectiveness of their treatment with immunomodulator Imunofan
Authors:   LLC «Far eastern vision protection center», Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Tsygankova A.I. , Sipina Y.V. ,   LLC «Far eastern vision protection center», Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Cherepnin A.I. ,   LLC «Far eastern vision protection center», Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Smolyakova G.P. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Purpose. To present clinical information about the results of our own observations of inflammatory diseases of the eye surface after a SARS-CoV-2 infection and the effectiveness of complex treatment, including the domestic regulatory peptide Imunofan. Material and methods. There were 19 patients (38 eyes) under observation – 12 women and 7 men, aged from 22 to 57 years. Clinically, all patients had corneal syndrome and redness of the eyes. The control group consisted of 10 people who received standard anti-inflammatory, keratoprotective and desensitizing therapy. The main group included 9 people who, in addition to the standard treatment regimen, received parabulbar injections of Imunofan (50 mcg every other day) in the amount of 10 injections. Before treatment, in order to substantiate the pathogenetic expediency of Imunofan administration, immunoregulatory index (IRI) was calculated. Evaluation of treatment results was carried out on 5, 7, 10 and 20 days of treatment with the calculation of the total index of inflammation. Results. According to the results of the examination, the predominant clinical forms of postcovid inflammation of the eye surface were epithelial keratitis (57.8 %) and keratoconjunctivitis (26.3 %). The results of immunological monitoring of blood serum at the time of the initial visit to the ophthalmologist showed that all patients had IRI changes, while most of them (73.6 % of people) had secondary immune insufficiency, 5 people (26.4 %) had autoimmune disorders. The obtained data substantiate the expediency of using immunomodulators in pathogenetic treatment of this category of patients. Carrying out complex therapy, including the regulatory peptide Imunofan, led to a significant reduction in the symptoms of inflammation by the 7th–10th day of treatment, the timing of complete relief of the inflammatory process was reduced by almost two times. Conclusions. The occurrence of postcovid inflammation of the eye surface with disorders of the immune system is caused by pathogenetic relationships of SARS-CoV-2 infections, and developing by the type of secondary immune insufficiency (73.6 %), or autoimmune disorders (26.4 %). The use of Imunofan in the complex therapy of patients with an inflammatory process of the eye surface after a SARS-CoV-2 infection reduces the time of its relief by two times. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 infection, inflammatory process of the eye surface, immunomodulator Imunofan
Effectiveness of timolol in treatment of infantile eyelid hemangioma in breastfed babies
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Kashura O.I. , Smolyakova G.P. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Egorov V.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Li V.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Mazurina O.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
A clinical case of corneal scar disadaptation in a patient with transplanted cornea after anterior layered keratoplasty
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Egorova A.V.
Published: September 2023

Purpose. Demonstration of a clinical case of corneal scar edges disadaptation after removal of sutures in anterior deep layered keratoplasty, assessment of patient's treatment. Material and methods. Patient K., 47 years old, underwent deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty in the right eye for stage 3 keratoconus. The operation went as it planned with no complications. At the time of discharge, maximum corrected visual acuity OD was 0.1 n/c. A year later, the suture was removed from the cornea. 3 instillations of okomistin 0.01 % and dexpanthenol 5 % was prescribed to the patient for 12 days. The next day after the removal of sutures, the patient felt a sharp deterioration in vision, redness of the right eye appeared. In a polyclinic at the place of residence, a divergence of corneal scar edges was detected, lasting from 7 to 12 hours, swelling of the graft and reduction of the anterior chamber. The patient was urgently sent to the eye department of the clinic at the place of residence. There, 7 single sutures were urgently applied to fix the graft. In our clinic, to eliminate the corneal wound edges disadaptation, a circular continuous 10\0 suture was applied. In addition, to stop the detachment of the Descemet's membrane (DM), additional air was injected into the anterior chamber. Results. As a result of the treatment, a complete adaptation of corneal wound edges was achieved, the transparency of the graft was restored due to complete adherence of DM to the corneal stroma. The presence of this complication was probably associated with local disturbances in the reparative processes of the cornea, which led to the formation of zones of inadequate scarring. Conclusion. To prevent disadaptation of the corneal wound after keratoplasty, it is necessary to search for objective criteria for quality of the corneal scar and the optimal timing for removal of the corneal suture. Keywords: disadaptation of the corneal scar; corneal transplant; keratoplasty
Study of direct clinical efficacy of brolucizumab in treatment of AMD
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Zhaivoronok N.S. , Kolenko O.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Specialists, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Danilova L.P. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Purpose. Analysis of direct clinical efficacy of brolucizumab in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Material and methods. A clinical evaluation of effectiveness of using Beovu® (Novartis Pharma AG, Switzerland) was carried out in 25 patients (25 eyes) with neovascular AMD, mean age old patients was 68 ± 5 years. Dynamic monitoring was carried out using optical coherence tomography: localization and area of neovascular complex, density and thickness of newly formed vessels (angiography mode). 3 monthly injections of Beovu® were performed (at a dose of 6.0 mg/0.05 ml). The observation period was 4 months. Results. After the 1st injection of Beovu®, there was statistically significant decrease in the average indexes of central retinal thickness (CRT) and macular volume (MV) relative to initial. At the same time, an increase in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was observed (p = 0.044). A similar trend persists for average values of CRT and MV after each of the 3 injections. It is noteworthy that in all patients, after 3 injections, the minimum values of CRT were achieved – 268 (263; 270) versus 298 (284; 302) µm (p < 0.001). There was also a clear trend towards an increase in BCVA from 0.3 (0.2; 0.45) to 0.6 (0.4; 0.6) in all studied cases (p < 0.001). In 22 of 25 patients, after 1 month, adhesion of the neuro- and pigment epithelium was recorded with complete resorption of subretinal fluid, in 3 patients – after three monthly intravitreal injections of Beovu®, while the subretinal fluid was not recorded in them. Subjectively, all patients noted improvement in quality and contrast of central vision in the operated eyes. Conclusion. After each injection of Beovu®, there was progressive statistically significant reduction in macular area parameters – CRT and MV in combination with an increase in mean BCVA values from 0.3 (0.2; 0.45) initially to 0.6 (0.4; 0.6) by the 4th month of observation. Keywords: vascular endothelial growth factor, anti-VEGF, brolucizumab, Beovu®, age-related macular degeneration, neovascular age-related macular degeneration, wet age-related macular degeneration
Anatomical and morphometric risk factors for primary angle-closure glaucoma in eyes with a short AP axis
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Samokhvalov N.V. , Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Marchenko A.N. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Pashentsev Y.E. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Purpose. To study the features of t anatomical and morphometric parameters of structures of the anterior segment of the eyes in young patients with moderate and high hyperopia to identify signs of an increased risk of developing primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and its acute attack. Material and methods. Clinical material is presented by 58 patients (116 eyes) with the anteroposterior axis of the eyes less than 23 mm. The main group consisted of 33 patients (66 eyes) with moderate and high hyperopia. The comparison group included 25 patients (50 eyes) with PACG. Results. The study made it possible to identify a group with an increased risk of developing PACG from a selected total population of young patients with moderate and high degrees of hypermetropia, which included 19 people (58 %). Conclusion. Comparative analysis of the morphometric parameters of the structures of the anterior segment of anatomically «short» eyes in young patients with moderate and high hypermetropic refraction, on the one hand, and in patients with PACG, on the other, revealed statistically significant differences between them in the depth of the anterior chamber in the central zone, thickness of the lens, the volume of the anterior chamber, the depth of the anterior chamber at the periphery, the angle of the anterior chamber. But, given the 1.5-fold statistically significant difference in age between the groups, it can be assumed that in some young hypermetropes, due to the continuous increase in the volume of the lens, when they reach the appropriate age, a number of indicators can become comparable to the PACG group. Keywords: hyperopia, refractive surgery, primary angle-closure glaucoma, acute attack of angle-closure glaucoma
Analysis of the trabecular pigmentation in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma using the colorimetric scale
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Volgograd Branch, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Sarkisyan A.S. , Balalin S.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Volgograd Branch, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Balalin A.S. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Volgograd Branch, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Dzhashe B.G. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Volgograd Branch, Volgograd, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Purpose. Development of a photocolorimetric scale to assess the extent of trabecula pigmentation along its circumference in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Material and methods.Study of 36 patients (62 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma was performed. Average age: 61.5 ± 9.8 years (48–75 years). Men – 24 (40 eyes), women – 12 (22 eyes). All patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination, as well as photoregistration of the iridocorneal angle. Using the Pixelmator Pro (Pixelmator Team, USA) and the photographic images, we performed colorimetric estimation of the degree of the iridocorneal angle pigmentation. RGB (Red, Green, Blue) values for weak, moderate, pronounced, and sharply pronounced trabecular pigmentation were determined. Using color model HSL (Hue, Saturation, Lightness) derived percentages (range) corresponding to a certain degree of trabecular pigmentation. Results.Basing on the results, a colorimetric scale was developed for quantifying the trabecular pigmentation degree in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. The results obtained by us will serve in the future for more accurate objectification of the definition of pigmentation degree, which is certainly of practical importance in the clinical practice of ophthalmologists. Conclusion. The application of HSL-color models allows to estimate with high reliability the differences between levels of trabecular pigmentation in patients with glaucoma. Using a photocolorimetric scale allows to estimate objectively the efficacy of laser operations aimed at reducing the degree of trabecular pigmentation of the iridocorneal angle. Keywords: primary open-angle glaucoma, gonioscopy, photocolorimetric assessment of the pigmentation degree, colorimetric scale
Assessment of the impact of internal carotid artery surgical reconstruction on eye hemodynamics and morphofunctional parameters of visual analyzer in patients with chronic ischemic neuroopticopathy associated with hemodynamically significant atherosclerotic stenosis of internal carotid artery
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Tuzlaev V.V. , Kolenko O.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Vasiliev A.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Breev D.V. ,   Federal Center Cardiovascular Surgery Federal State Budgetary Institution, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Purpose. To evaluate the effect of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) on eye hemodynamics and morphofunctional parameters of the visual analyzer in patients with chronic ischemic neuropathy (CIN) associated with hemodynamically significant atherosclerotic stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA). Material and methods. The study included 50 patients (50 eyes) with unilateral manifestations of CIN. All patients underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT), Doppler ultrasound of the ophthalmic artery (OA), short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCA), central retinal artery (CRA) before and after surgical reconstruction of the ICA. Results. 24 months after CEA of the ICA, in all cases there were significant improvements in blood flow in the OA by 52.8 %, in the SPCA by 26 %, in the CRA by 30.2 %, a decrease in the thickness of the peripapillary layer of retinal nerve fibers by 9.5 % and the layer of ganglionic cells by 8 % relative to baseline (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The causes of CIN progression after ICA CEA can be considered as the consequences of induced reperfusion of the optic nerve structures and the brain. Keywords: chronic ischemic neuroopticopathy, ocular ischemic syndrome, internal carotid artery, carotid endarterectomy
Changes in melatonin concentration during cataract progression
Authors:   Orenburg branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Chuprov A.D. , Kim S.M. ,   Orenburg branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Notova S.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Orenburg State University», Bazhitova E.A. ,   Orenburg branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Iserkepova A.M. ,   Orenburg branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Marshinskaya O.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Orenburg State University», Kzakova T.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Orenburg State University»
Published: September 2023

Purpose. To establish the relationship between melatonin level in the blood serum and the lens in patients with different degrees of cataract progression. Material and methods During the study, the following groups of patients were formed: group 1 – initial cataract, group 2 – immature cataract, group 3 – mature cataract and group 4 – complicated initial cataract with type 2 diabetes mellitus. All patients were surveyed. Considering the fact that melatonin secretion depends on a daily rhythm, the sampling of biomaterial for analysis was carried out at the same time during a planned surgical intervention. Melatonin content was determined by enzyme immunoassay using the commercial Human MT (Melatonin) ELISA Kit. Results. The study did not reveal statistically significant changes in the level of melatonin in the blood serum of patients with different levels of cataract progression. However, there was a trend towards lower melatonin values in the group of patients with immature and mature cataract, relative to patients with initial cataract. When comparing the group of patients with mature cataract relative to patients with initial cataract, there was a decrease in melatonin levels by 45 % (p ≤ 0.05). The level of melatonin in the lens of patients with cataract complicated by diabetes mellitus was lower by 63 % (p ≤ 0.01) compared to patients with uncomplicated initial cataract. Conclusion. It was found that the level of melatonin in the lens significantly depends on the degree of cataract progression. Cataracts complicated by diabetes mellitus were characterized by minimal values of melatonin in the lens. The obtained data show the relevance of further research to assess the role of melatonin in various ophthalmic pathologies. Keywords: melatonin, cataract, eye lens
Our experience of organizational measures to ensure functioning of large eye surgery clinic during pandemic of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Kolenko O.V. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Specialists, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Pshenichnov M.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Specialists, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Purpose. To analyze changes in work of the Khabarovsk branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution (the Khabarovsk branch) caused by combination of elective and emergency ophthalmic care in the context of a pandemic of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Material and methods. The article presents the organizational restructuring of activities medical units of the Khabarovsk branch, due to need for additional performance of functions emergency ophthalmological service in connection with closure of the regional ophthalmological center of City Clinical Hospital named after Professor A.M. Voyno-Yasenetsky, which previously performed this function. Complex of organizational anti-epidemic measures taken to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in pandemic is presented, their feasibility is analyzed, the results of the clinic's activities in new conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic are reflected. Results. The COVID-19 epidemic required a significant organizational restructuring of the Khabarovsk branch. In addition to large volumes of elective surgery, emergency ophthalmosurgical care was added, performed in a round-theclock hospital. All this was superimposed on the organizational restructuring of patient flows, created to minimize their interpersonal contacts. Conclusions. The Khabarovsk branch fully coped with the tasks set, stable work was organized in the new pandemic conditions, effectively combining planned and emergency algorithms of ophthalmic surgical care. The measures taken made it possible to provide emergency ophthalmic care in full throughout the entire period of the epidemic, to resume the provision of planned ophthalmic care in full, without compromising the safety of patients' stay in the clinic. Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2, pandemic, emergency care, eye emergency department, Eye casualty, coronavirus disease, organization of medical care
Searching for ways to minimize intraoperative complications of keratorefractive surgery by preliminary assessment of psychoemotional status of patients
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Dutchin I.V. , Kolenko O.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Specialists, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Dutchina O.B. ,   Pacific National University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Kutuzova Y.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Purpose. to study the frequency and degree of mental tension among patients planned for keratorefractive surgery of myopia using the SMILE method. Material and methods. An in-depth psychological study of 145 patients scheduled for keratorefractive surgery was carried out. The average age of patients is 37 years. At the first stage, patients with an increased level of psychological anxiety were identified using the «Incomplete sentences» method. At the second stage, using the PSM-25 Psychological Stress Scale, among the selected patients, the degree of their mental tension was studied. Results. At the first stage, 42 patients (29 %) with an increased level of psychological anxiety were identified: 20 men and 22 women. Their average age was 35 years. At the second stage, it turned out that 9 patients had a high level of mental tension; 13 had medium level and 20 people had low level (the latter are psychologically stable). During a routine external examination and an interview with an ophthalmologist, patients with an average and high level of mental tension did not have any characteristic differences both from patients with a low level of mental tension and from other patients in the general population. Conclusions. When conducting a screening psychological test, 29% of patients with an unstable psychoemotional status were identified among the examined large population of patients planned for keratorefractive surgery of myopia. Among the selected patients with unstable psychoemotional status, 21.5 % had a high level of mental tension, 31 % have an average level and 47.5 % have a low level. Keywords: mental tension, preoperative stress; stress diagnosis
Transition metal free continuous flow synthesis of 2,5-diaryl furans: access to medicinal building blocks and optoelectronic materials
Authors: Grantham Helena , Lee Robert , Wardas Grzegorz , Mistry Jai-Ram , Elsegood Mark , Wright Iain , Pritchard Gareth , Kimber Marc
Published: September 2023

The direct transformation of 1,3-dienes into valuable 2,5-diarylfurans using transition metal-free conditions is presented. By employing a simple oxidation - dehydration sequence on readily accessible 1,3-dienes, important 2,5-diarylfuran building blocks frequently used in medicinal and materials chemistry are prepared. The oxidation step is realised using singlet oxygen, and the intermediate endoperoxide is dehydrated under metal-free conditions and at ambient temperature using the Appel reagent. Notably, this sequence can be streamlined into continuous flow, thereby eliminating the isolation of the intermediate, often unstable endoperoxide. This leads to a significant improvement in isolated yields (ca. 27% average increase) of the 2,5-diarylfurans, while also increasing safety and reducing waste. Our transition metal-free synthetic approach to 2,5-diarylfurans delivers several important furan building blocks used commonly in medicinal chemistry and as optoelectronic materials, including short chain linearly conjugated furan oligomers. Consequently, we also complete a short study of the optical and electrochemical properties of a selection of these novel materials.
A Transfer Hydrogenation Approach to Activity-Based Sensing of Formate in Living Cells
Authors: Crossley Stephen , Tenney Logan , Pham Vanha , Xie Xiao , Zhao Michelle , Chang Christopher
Published: September 2023

Formate is a major reactive carbon species in one-carbon metabolism, where it serves as an endogenous precursor for amino acid and nucleic acid biosynthesis and a cellular source of NAD(P)H. On the other hand, aberrant elevations in cellular formate are connected to progression of serious diseases, including cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. Traditional methods for formate detection in biological environments often rely on sample destruction and/or extensive processing, resulting in a loss of spatiotemporal information. To help address these limitations, here we present the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a first-generation activity-based sensing system for live-cell formate imaging that relies on iridium transfer hydrogenation catalysis. Formate facilitates an aldehyde-to alcohol conversion on various fluorophore scaffolds to enable fluorescence detection of this one-carbon unit, including through a two-color ratiometric response with internal calibration. The resulting two-component probe system can detect changes in formate levels in living cells with high selectivity over potentially competing biological analytes. Moreover, this activity-based sensing system can visualize changes in endogenous formate fluxes through alterations of one-carbon pathways in cell-based models of human colon cancer, presaging the potential utility of this chemical approach to probe the continuum between one-carbon metabolism and signaling in cancer and other diseases.
A Stable Radical Anion of Quinoxalin-2(1H)-one in Aerial Dioxygen Activation under Wet-Condition
Authors: Sau Sudip , Sahoo Sathi , Manna Anupam , Mal Prasenjit
Published: September 2023

In this report, we describe a highly convenient, non-photochemical and unprecedented method for generating stable radical anions and activating atmospheric dioxygen in wet environments. This activation occurs in aerobic and ambient reaction conditions, specifically in the context of quinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxygenation, with KOtBu. The outcome is the successful demonstration of a straightforward method for synthesizing quinoxaline-2,3-dione. Notably, the crucial role of KOtBu as a single electron transfer (SET) reagent is emphasized, as it initiates dioxygen activation, thereby triggering the oxygenation reaction.
Gold-promoted biocompatible selenium arylation of small molecules, peptides, and proteins
Authors: Nakahata Douglas , Kanavos Ioannis , Zubiria-Ulacia Maria , Inague Alex , Salassa Luca , Lobinski Ryszard , Miyamoto Sayuri , Matxain Jon , Ronga Luisa , de Paiva Raphael
Published: September 2023

A low pKa (5.2), high polarizable volume (3.8 Å), and proneness to oxidation under ambient conditions make selenocysteine (Sec, U) a unique, natural reactive handle present in most organisms across all domains of life. Sec modification still has untapped potential for site-selective protein modification and probing. Herein we demonstrate the use of a cyclometalated gold(III) compound, [Au(bnpy)Cl2], in the arylation of diselenides of biological significance, with a scope covering small molecule models, peptides, and proteins using a combination of multinuclear NMR (including 77Se NMR), and LC-MS. Diphenyl diselenide (Ph-Se)2 and selenocystine, (Sec)2, were used for reaction optimization. This approach allowed us to demonstrate that an excess of diselenide (Au/Se-Se) and an increasing water percentage in the reaction media enhance both the conversion and kinetics of the C-Se coupling reaction, a combination that makes the reaction biocompatible. The C-Se coupling reaction was also shown to happen for the diselenide analogue of the cyclic peptide vasopressin ((Se-Se)-AVP), and the Bos taurus glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) enzyme in ammonium acetate (2 mM, pH = 7.0). The reaction mechanism, studied by DFT revealed a redox-based mechanism where the C-Se coupling is enabled by the reductive elimination of the cyclometalated Au(III) species into Au(I).
Questioning Media Audience Engagement for Advertising Purposes and Content Creation
Authors: Medina Mercedes , Portilla Idoia , Pereira Tatiana
Published: September 2023

In recent times researchers and industry have paid special attention to the concept of engagement and the academic literature on this topic is abundant. Although audience loyalty and engagement are the cornerstone of the media business, not all companies have developed strategies to further engage the audience. Taking audiences' opinions and ideas into account beyond consumption has two main risks: the first has to do with the fact that users are not necessarily experts in the topic as they do not follow the narrative structure of media contents; and the second is that audience reaction cannot be planned because it is unpredictable. A third dilemma arises, namely should such actions be considered part of a global strategy on the part of the company or simply as a marketing action to reach new audiences and retain existing ones? Therefore, some reflection is needed in order to analyze to what extent strategies aimed at increasing engagement contribute to extending the value of media brands and content properties. With this dilemma in mind and after a review of the most recent literature, we developed a questionnaire to find out how professionals and managers of media companies from different sectors define and measure engagement. At the end of the study, we conclude that for companies whose core business is linked to the digital environment, proximity with the audiences is greater than that of the traditional media or those companies, such as audiovisual producers, whose business is directed at other companies rather than, fundamentally, at the public.
Edadismo y desigualdad de género en la profesión periodística. Un desencuentro con las nuevas competencias digitales
Authors: Ganzabal Learreta María , Meso Ayerdi Koldobika , Pérez Dasilva Jesús , Mendiguren Galdospin Terese
Published: September 2023

Las aplicaciones sociales y las nuevas narrativas en el periodismo digital han revolucionado no solo la forma en la que se ejerce la profesión, sino la manera en la que los consumidores acceden a la información. Cuatro diferentes generaciones de periodistas de diferentes medios de comunicación del País Vasco han contestado a un cuestionario sobre el uso que hacen de las principales herramientas sociales como son Twitter, Facebook, Instagram y LinkedIn. También han respondido al grado de importancia que le conceden a las nuevas narrativas, cruce de relatos de historias con recursos multimedia, y a la visualización de datos que tanto ayuda a la hora de contar estas narraciones. Los resultados con las respuestas de más de 500 profesionales muestran una gran brecha generacional y de género entre los profesionales más jóvenes y las periodistas de edades más avanzadas. Destaca el repudio de algunas de estas herramientas por parte de las profesionales mayores de 60 años con unas rutinas más reacias a su desarrollo digital. El infra uso de algunas aplicaciones como Telegram o LinkedIn indica un gran desconocimiento y una falta de formación por parte de las editoriales. Quienes ejercen la profesión periodística y son menores de 30 años conocen herramientas como Tik Tok, Twitch, o incluso, aplicaciones de IA, pero desconocen su uso profesional.
Generando conciencia ecológica desde la universidad. Análisis de una experiencia en torno a moda y sostenibilidad con futuros profesionales de la publicidad
Authors: Pacheco Rueda Marta , Pastor Rodríguez Ana , San Pablo Moreno Pilar
Published: September 2023

En un contexto presidido por el agravamiento de los efectos del cambio climático, como docentes de un grado en Publicidad y Relaciones Públicas, nuestro estudiantado lo forman personas que no solo son integrantes de la generación Z –principal público objetivo de la moda rápida– sino también futuros creadores de narrativas capaces de crear conciencia ecológica en la ciudadanía. Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación de carácter exploratorio que responde a dos objetivos: conocer el perfil de dicho estudiantado como consumidores de moda; y conocer si la universidad puede contribuir a crear una conciencia ecológica acerca de la producción y consumo de moda en los futuros publicistas. La investigación se organiza en dos estudios, concebido cada uno para dar respuesta a cada objetivo. Se utiliza una metodología cuantitativa, mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario elaborado ad hoc, junto a una metodología cuasiexperimental, con una intervención formativa desarrollada en el marco de la iniciativa “ConSuma Conciencia”. El análisis revela un perfil del estudiantado escasamente concernido por la problemática que representa la industria de la moda, desconocedor en gran medida de su impacto medioambiental y con pocos hábitos de consumo de moda sostenible. Sin embargo, los cambios mostrados a raíz de su participación en la intervención formativa permiten ser moderadamente optimistas pues los datos reflejan que se modifican conocimiento, actitudes e, incluso, comportamientos previos del estudiantado en relación con la moda sostenible.
Producción periodística y reconversión digital en Centroamérica: avances y retos
Authors: Méndez Muros Sandra , Castillo Zamora Juan Manuel
Published: September 2023

El ejercicio del periodismo en los países de Centroamérica enfrenta grandes retos. La reconversión digital de las redacciones ha marcado una impronta en los medios de comunicación en un contexto económico y político inestable y un mercado laboral cada vez más competitivo para dirigirse a un público que revela importantes carencias. Nuestro objetivo es describir el impacto de la digitalización en la producción periodística de los medios de comunicación de Centroamérica a través del estudio de cuatro países (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala y Honduras) a lo largo de diez años (2012-2021). Nos servimos de la triangulación metodológica mediante el empleo de técnicas mixtas cualitativas y cuantitativas (estudios previos sobre digitalización periodística, 102 encuestas a periodistas en activo y 14 entrevistas semiestructuradas a expertos) sobre tres ejes temáticos: el impacto de la digitalización en la producción noticiosa, la situación laboral del periodista durante el proceso de reconversión digital y los efectos de ésta en la empresa periodística. Las principales conclusiones apuntan a que el periodista ha tenido que desarrollar competencias digitales en un proceso de transformación acelerada que ha afectado a los contenidos, rutinas, fuentes y agenda temática; el periodista ha acumulado tareas, al tiempo que ha aumentado la precariedad laboral, si bien la reconfiguración digital ha permitido trabajar con mayor comodidad y se apuesta por la formación tecnológica continua del periodista.
Assessing earthquake rates and b-value given spatiotemporal variation in catalog completeness: Application to Atlantic Canada
Authors: Plourde Alexandre
Published: September 2023

Spatiotemporal variations in the magnitude of completeness Mc make it challenging to confidently assess seismic hazard or even to simply compare earthquake rates between regions. In this study, we introduce new techniques to correct for heterogeneous Mc in a treatment of the eastern and Atlantic Canada earthquake catalog (1985--2022). We first introduce new methodology to predict Mc(x,t) based on the distribution of seismometers. Second, we introduce a modified maximum-likelihood estimator (MLE) for b (the b-value) that accounts for spatiotemporal Mc variation, allowing the inclusion of more earthquakes. Third, we compute the ratio of detected/predicted M>1 earthquakes as a function of Mc and apply it to create a calibrated M>1 event-rate map. The resulting map has advantages over a moment-rate map, which is effectively sensitive only to the very largest earthquakes in the dataset. The new MLE results in a modestly more precise b when applied to the Charlevoix Seismic Zone, and a substantial increase in precision when applied to the full Atlantic Canada region. It may prove useful in future hazard assessments, particularly of regions with highly heterogeneous Mc and relatively sparse catalogs.
Ranks, Spectra and Their Dynamics for Families of Constant Expansions of Theories
Authors:   Kazakh British Technical University, Kulpeshov B. Sh. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University,   Institute of Mathematics and Mathematical Modeling, Sudoplatov S. V. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University,   Sobolev Institute of Mathematics SB RAS
Published: September 2023

Constant or nonessential extensions of elementary theories provide a productive tool for the study and structural description of models of these theories, which is widely used in Model Theory and its applications, both for various stable and ordered theories, countable and uncountable theories, algebraic, geometric and relational structures and theories. Families of constants are used in Henkin’s classical construction of model building for consistent families of formulas, for the classification of uncountable and countable models of complete theories, and for some dynamic possibilities of countable spectra of ordered Ehrenfeucht theories. The paper describes the possibilities of ranks and degrees for families of constant extensions of theories. Rank links are established for families of theories with CantorBendixson ranks for given theories. It is shown that the 𝑒-minimality of a family of constant expansions of the theory is equivalent to the existence and uniqueness of a nonprincipal type with a given number of variables. In particular, for strongly minimal theories this means that the non-principal 1-type is unique over an appropriate tuple. Relations between 𝑒-spectra of families of constant expansions of theories and ranks and degrees are established. A model-theoretic characterization of the existence of the least generating set is obtained. It is also proved that any inessential finite expansion of an o-minimal Ehrenfeucht theory preserves the Ehrenfeucht property, and this is true for constant expansions of dense spherically ordered theories. For the expansions under consideration, the dynamics of the values of countable spectra is described.
Stochastic Equations and Equations for Probabilistic Characteristics of Processes with Damped Jumps
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Melnikova I. V. , Bovkun V. A. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: September 2023

Processes such as shot noise are an adequate tool for modeling discontinuous random processes with a damping effect. Such processes arise in various fields of physics, technology and human activity, including the field of finance. They allow to simulate not only abrupt changes in the values of processes with jumps, but also the subsequent return of values to their original or near the original position. For this reason, shot noise is a suitable tool for simulating price hikes of various market assets. This paper presents a general formulation of the shot noise type processes, a stochastic differential equation corresponding to the process, and a connection with the integral-differential equation for the transition probability density, which is formulated in terms of generalized functions. In addition, the paper considers a stochastic equation that allows, along with an abrupt change described by a process of the shot noise type, a continuous change in the process. An equation is obtained for the transition probability density of a process containing jump-like and continuous types of evolution, which should also be considered in spaces of generalized functions. Thus, main results of the paper are obtained on the basis of the application of stochastic analysis and the theory of generalized functions.
Numerical Solution of Fractional Order Fredholm Integro-differential Equations by Spectral Method with Fractional Basis Functions
Authors:   University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Talaei Y. , Noeiaghdam S. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University,   South Ural State University, Hosseinzadeh H. ,   Islamic Azad University
Published: September 2023

This paper introduces a new numerical technique based on the implicit spectral collocation method and the fractional Chelyshkov basis functions for solving the fractional Fredholm integro-differential equations. The framework of the proposed method is to reduce the problem into a nonlinear system of equations utilizing the spectral collocation method along with the fractional operational integration matrix. The obtained algebraic system is solved using Newton’s iterative method. Convergence analysis of the method is studied. The numerical examples show the efficiency of the method on the problems with non-smooth solutions.