bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rhizobial gibberellin negatively regulates host nodule number
Authors: Tatsukami Yohei , Ueda Mitsuyoshi
Published: June 2016

In legume–rhizobia symbiosis, the nodule number is controlled to ensure optimal growth of the host. In Lotus japonicus, the nodule number has been considered to be tightly regulated by host-derived phytohormones and glycopeptides. However, we have discovered a symbiont-derived phytohormonal regulation of nodule number in Mesorhizobium loti. In this study, we found that M. loti synthesized gibberellic acid (GA) under symbiosis. Hosts inoculated with a GA-synthesis-deficient M. loti mutant formed more nodules than those inoculated with the wild-type form at four weeks post inoculation, indicating that GA from already-incorporated rhizobia prevents new nodule formation. Interestingly, the genes for GA synthesis are only found in rhizobial species that inhabit determinate nodules. Our findings suggest that the already-incorporated rhizobia perform GA-associated negative regulation of nodule number to prevent delayed infection by other rhizobia.
Meta-analysis of the prevalence of anxiety disorders in mainland China from 2000 to 2015
Authors: Guo Xiaojing , Meng Zhen , Huang Guifeng , Fan Jingyuan , Zhou Wenwen , Ling Weijun , Jiang Juan , Long Jianxiong , Su Li
Published: June 2016

Although anxiety disorders (ADs) have been recognized as one of the most prevalent mental disorders in mainland China, the prevalence of ADs has not been reported until now. The lack of a consolidated and comparable review on the prevalence of ADs in mainland China necessitated this meta-analysis to measure the prevalence. To identify the relevant studies on ADs for the analysis, we searched published studies in electronic databases up to July 2015. The pooled prevalence in the overall population and the prevalences by gender and location were estimated. A total of 21 studies were included in the analysis. The pooled current/lifetime prevalences of ADs, generalized AD, non-specific AD, panic disorder, social phobia, agoraphobia, specific phobia, post-traumatic stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder were 24.47‰/41.12‰, 5.17‰/4.66‰, 8.30‰/6.89‰, 1.08‰/3.44‰, 0.70‰/4.11‰, 0.19‰/2.15‰, 0.63‰/19.61‰, 0.49‰/1.83‰, and 0.90‰/3.17‰, respectively. Subgroup analyses indicated that compared with males, females had a consistently significantly higher prevalence of ADs. However, no difference was observed between those in urban and rural areas. The pooled prevalence of ADs was relatively lower than those of some other countries. A higher prevalence of ADs in women than in men was commonly observed, whereas the prevalences in urban and rural areas were nearly the same.
Rapidly Probing Antibacterial Activity of Graphene Oxide by Mass Spectrometry-based Metabolite Fingerprinting
Authors: Zhang Ning , Hou Jian , Chen Suming , Xiong Caiqiao , Liu Huihui , Jin Yulong , Wang Jianing , He Qing , Zhao Rui , Nie Zongxiu
Published: June 2016

Application of nanomaterials as anti-bacteria agents has aroused great attention. To investigate the antibacterial activity and antibacterial mechanism of nanomaterials from a molecular perspective is important for efficient developing of nanomaterial antibiotics. In the current work, a new mass spectrometry-based method was established to investigate the bacterial cytotoxicity of graphene oxide (GO) by the metabolite fingerprinting of microbes. The mass spectra of extracted metabolites from two strains DH5α and ATCC25922 were obtained before and after the incubation with nanomaterials respectively. Then principal component analysis (PCA) of these spectra was performed to reveal the relationship between the metabolism disorder of microbes and bactericidal activity of GO. A parameter “D” obtained from PCA scores was proposed that is capable to quantitatively evaluate the antibacterial activity of GO in concentration and time-dependent experiments. Further annotation of the fingerprinting spectra shows the variabilities of important metabolites such as phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and glutathione. This metabolic perturbation of E. coli indicates cell membrane destruction and oxidative stress mechanisms for anti-bacteria activity of graphene oxide. It is anticipated that this mass spectrometry-based metabolite fingerprinting method will be applicable to other antibacterial nanomaterials and provide more clues as to their antibacterial mechanism at molecular level.
Membrane of Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanoplates with Angstrom-Level Channels
Authors: Lee Byeongho , Li Kunzhou , Yoon Hong Sik , Yoon Jeyong , Mok Yeongbong , Lee Yan , Lee Hong H. , Kim Yong Hyup
Published: June 2016

Membranes with atomic level pores or constrictions are valuable for separation and catalysis. We report a graphene-based membrane with an interlayer spacing of 3.7 angstrom (Å). When graphene oxide nanoplates are functionalized and then reduced, the laminated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanoplates or functionalized rGO membrane is little affected by an intercalated fluid, and the interlayer spacing of 3.7 Å increases only to 4.4 Å in wetted state, in contrast to the graphene oxide (GO) membrane whose interlayer spacing increases from 9 Å to 13 Å in wetted state. When applied to ion separation, this membrane reduced the permeation rate of small ions such as K+ and Na+ by three orders of magnitude compared to the GO membrane.
Nanostructural control of methane release in kerogen and its implications to wellbore production decline
Authors: Ho Tuan Anh , Criscenti Louise J. , Wang Yifeng
Published: June 2016

Despite massive success of shale gas production in the US in the last few decades there are still major concerns with the steep decline in wellbore production and the large uncertainty in a long-term projection of decline curves. A reliable projection must rely on a mechanistic understanding of methane release in shale matrix–a limiting step in shale gas extraction. Using molecular simulations, we here show that methane release in nanoporous kerogen matrix is characterized by fast release of pressurized free gas (accounting for ~30–47% recovery) followed by slow release of adsorbed gas as the gas pressure decreases. The first stage is driven by the gas pressure gradient while the second stage is controlled by gas desorption and diffusion. We further show that diffusion of all methane in nanoporous kerogen behaves differently from the bulk phase, with much smaller diffusion coefficients. The MD simulations also indicate that a significant fraction (3–35%) of methane deposited in kerogen can potentially become trapped in isolated nanopores and thus not recoverable. Our results shed a new light on mechanistic understanding gas release and production decline in unconventional reservoirs. The long-term production decline appears controlled by the second stage of gas release.
Chronic rapamycin treatment on the nutrient utilization and metabolism of juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima)
Authors: Wang Qingchao , He Gen , Mai Kangsen , Xu Wei , Zhou Huihui , Wang Xuan , Mei Lin
Published: June 2016

High dietary protein inclusion is necessary in fish feeds and also represents a major cost in the aquaculture industry, which demands improved dietary conversion into body proteins in fish. In mammals, the target of rapamycin (TOR) is a key nutritionally responsive molecule governing postprandial anabolism. However, its physiological significance in teleosts has not been fully examined. In the present study, we examined the nutritional physiology of turbot after chronic rapamycin inhibition. Our results showed that a 6-week inhibition of TOR using dietary rapamycin inclusion (30 mg/kg diet) reduced growth performance and feed utilization. The rapamycin treatment inhibited TOR signaling and reduced expression of key enzymes in glycolysis, lipogenesis, cholesterol biosynthesis, while increasing the expression of enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis. Furthermore, rapamycin treatment increased intestinal goblet cell number in turbot, while the expressions of Notch and Hes1 were down regulated. It was possible that stimulated goblet cell differentiation by rapamycin was mediated through Notch-Hes1 pathway. Therefore, our results demonstrate the important role of TOR signaling in fish nutritional physiology.
Influence of fullerene (C60) on soil bacterial communities: aqueous aggregate size and solvent co-introduction effects
Authors: Tong Zhong-Hua , Bischoff Marianne , Nies Loring F. , Carroll Natalie J. , Applegate Bruce , Turco Ronald F.
Published: June 2016

Fullerene C60 nanoparticles are being used in broad range of applications. It is important to assess their potential impacts in the environment. We evaluated the effects of C60 introduced as aqueous suspensions of nC60 aggregates of different particle size or via organic solvents on soils with different organic matter contents in this study. Impacts of the application were evaluated by measuring total microbial biomass, metabolic activity and bacterial community structure. Results show that nC60 aggregates, introduced as an aqueous suspension, had size-dependent effects on soil bacterial community composition in the low organic matter system, but induced minimal change in the microbial biomass and metabolic activity in soils with both high and low organic matter contents. Fullerene C60, co-introduced via an organic solvent, did not influence the response of soil microbes to the organic solvents. Our results suggest that nC60 aggregates of smaller size may have negative impact on soil biota and soil organic matter may play a key role in modulating the environmental effect of nanomaterials.
Identification of structurally closely related monosaccharide and disaccharide isomers by PMP labeling in conjunction with IM-MS/MS
Authors: Yang Hongmei , Shi Lei , Zhuang Xiaoyu , Su Rui , Wan Debin , Song Fengrui , Li Jinying , Liu Shuying
Published: June 2016

It remains particularly difficult for gaining unambiguous information on anomer, linkage and position isomers of oligosaccharides using conventional mass spectrometry (MS) methods. In our laboratory, an ion mobility (IM) shift strategy was employed to improve confidence in the identification of structurally closely related disaccharide and monosaccharide isomers using IMMS. Higher separation between structural isomers was achieved using 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) derivatization in comparison with phenylhydrazine (PHN) derivatization. Furthermore, the combination of pre-IM fragmentation of PMP derivatives provided sufficient resolution to separate the isomers not resolved in the IMMS. To chart the structural variation observed in IMMS, the collision cross sections (CCSs) for the corresponding ions were measured. We analyzed nine disaccharide and three monosaccharide isomers that differ in composition, linkages, or configuration. Our data show that coexisting carbohydrate isomers can be identified by the PMP labeling technique in conjunction with ion-mobility separation and tandem mass spectrometry. The practical application of this rapid and effective method that requires only small amounts of sample is demonstrated by the successful analysis of water-soluble ginseng extract. This demonstrated the potential of this method to measure a variety of heterogeneous sample mixtures, which may have an important impact on the field of glycomics.
Thyroglobulin fluctuations in patients with iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma on lenvatinib treatment – initial experience
Authors: Werner R. A. , Lückerath K. , Schmid J. S. , Higuchi T. , Kreissl M. C. , Grelle I. , Reiners C. , Buck A. K. , Lapa C.
Published: June 2016

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have shown clinical effectiveness in iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The corresponding role of serum thyroglobulin (Tg) in iodine-refractory DTC has not been investigated yet. 9 patients (3 female, 61 ± 8y) with progressive iodine-refractory DTC starting on lenvatinib were considered. Tumor restaging was performed every 2–3 months including contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT, RECIST 1.1). Serum Tg was measured and compared to imaging findings. After treatment initiation, serum Tg levels dropped in all patients with a median reduction of 86.2%. During long-term follow-up (median, 25.2 months), fluctuations in Tg could be observed in 8/9 subjects. According to RECIST, 6/9 subjects achieved a partial response or stable disease with the remaining 3/9 experiencing progressive disease (2/3 with Tg levels rising above baseline). All of the patients with disease progression presented with a preceding continuous rise in serum Tg, whereas tumor marker oscillations in the subjects with controlled disease were only intermittent. Initiation of lenvatinib in iodine-refractory DTC patients is associated with a significant reduction in serum Tg levels as a marker of treatment response. In the course of treatment, transient Tg oscillations are a frequent phenomenon that may not necessarily reflect morphologic tumor progression.
Formation of visual memories controlled by gamma power phase-locked to alpha oscillations
Authors: Park Hyojin , Lee Dong Soo , Kang Eunjoo , Kang Hyejin , Hahm Jarang , Kim June Sic , Chung Chun Kee , Jiang Haiteng , Gross Joachim , Jensen Ole
Published: June 2016

Neuronal oscillations provide a window for understanding the brain dynamics that organize the flow of information from sensory to memory areas. While it has been suggested that gamma power reflects feedforward processing and alpha oscillations feedback control, it remains unknown how these oscillations dynamically interact. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) data was acquired from healthy subjects who were cued to either remember or not remember presented pictures. Our analysis revealed that in anticipation of a picture to be remembered, alpha power decreased while the cross-frequency coupling between gamma power and alpha phase increased. A measure of directionality between alpha phase and gamma power predicted individual ability to encode memory: stronger control of alpha phase over gamma power was associated with better memory. These findings demonstrate that encoding of visual information is reflected by a state determined by the interaction between alpha and gamma activity.
Body fat mobilization in early lactation influences methane production of dairy cows
Authors: Bielak A. , Derno M. , Tuchscherer A. , Hammon H. M. , Susenbeth A. , Kuhla B.
Published: June 2016

Long-chain fatty acids mobilized during early lactation of dairy cows are increasingly used as energy substrate at the expense of acetate. As the synthesis of acetate in the rumen is closely linked to methane (CH4) production, we hypothesized that decreased acetate utilization would result in lower ruminal acetate levels and thus CH4 production. Twenty heifers were sampled for blood, rumen fluid and milk and CH4 production was measured in respiration chambers in week −4, +5, +13 and +42 relative to first parturition. Based on plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentration determined in week +5, animals were grouped to the ten highest (HM; NEFA > 580 μmol) and ten lowest (LM; NEFA < 580 μmol) mobilizing cows. Dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield and ruminal short-chain fatty acids did not differ between groups, but CH4/DMI was lower in HM cows in week +5. There was a negative regression between plasma NEFA and plasma acetate, between plasma NEFA and CH4/DMI and between plasma cholecystokinin and CH4/DMI in week +5. Our data show for the first time that fat mobilization of the host in early lactation is inversely related with ruminal CH4 production and that this effect is not attributed to different DMI.
Complex network analysis of phase dynamics underlying oil-water two-phase flows
Authors: Gao Zhong-Ke , Zhang Shan-Shan , Cai Qing , Yang Yu-Xuan , Jin Ning-De
Published: June 2016

Characterizing the complicated flow behaviors arising from high water cut and low velocity oil-water flows is an important problem of significant challenge. We design a high-speed cycle motivation conductance sensor and carry out experiments for measuring the local flow information from different oil-in-water flow patterns. We first use multivariate time-frequency analysis to probe the typical features of three flow patterns from the perspective of energy and frequency. Then we infer complex networks from multi-channel measurements in terms of phase lag index, aiming to uncovering the phase dynamics governing the transition and evolution of different oil-in-water flow patterns. In particular, we employ spectral radius and weighted clustering coefficient entropy to characterize the derived unweighted and weighted networks and the results indicate that our approach yields quantitative insights into the phase dynamics underlying the high water cut and low velocity oil-water flows.
Heat shock protein 90 is required for sexual and asexual development, virulence, and heat shock response in Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Bui Duc-Cuong , Lee Yoonji , Lim Jae Yun , Fu Minmin , Kim Jin-Cheol , Choi Gyung Ja , Son Hokyoung , Lee Yin-Won
Published: June 2016

Eukaryotic cells repress global translation and selectively upregulate stress response proteins by altering multiple steps in gene expression. In this study, genome-wide transcriptome analysis of cellular adaptation to thermal stress was performed on the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum. The results revealed that profound alterations in gene expression were required for heat shock responses in F. graminearum. Among these proteins, heat shock protein 90 (FgHsp90) was revealed to play a central role in heat shock stress responses in this fungus. FgHsp90 was highly expressed and exclusively localised to nuclei in response to heat stress. Moreover, our comprehensive functional characterisation of FgHsp90 provides clear genetic evidence supporting its crucial roles in the vegetative growth, reproduction, and virulence of F. graminearum. In particular, FgHsp90 performs multiple functions as a transcriptional regulator of conidiation. Our findings provide new insight into the mechanisms underlying adaptation to heat shock and the roles of Hsp90 in fungal development.
N-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of all-cause mortality among general populations: a meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Guo-Chong , Yang Jing , Eggersdorfer Manfred , Zhang Weiguo , Qin Li-Qiang
Published: June 2016

Prospective observational studies have shown inconsistent associations of dietary or circulating n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) with risk of all-cause mortality. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the associations. Potentially eligible studies were identified by searching PubMed and EMBASE databases. The summary relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random-effects model. Eleven prospective studies involving 371 965 participants from general populations and 31 185 death events were included. The summary RR of all-cause mortality for high-versus-low n-3 LCPUFA intake was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.84–0.98). The summary RR for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.75–0.92) and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.74–0.95), respectively. In the dose-response analysis, each 0.3 g/d increment in n-3 LCPUFA intake was associated with 6% lower risk of all-cause mortality (RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89–0.99); and each 1% increment in the proportions of circulating EPA and DHA in total fatty acids in blood was associated with 20% (RR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65–0.98) and 21% (RR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.63–0.99) decreased risk of all-cause mortality, respectively. Moderate to high heterogeneity was observed across our anlayses. Our findings suggest that both dietary and circulating LCPUFA are inversely associated with all-cause mortality.
Arm Selection Preference of MicroRNA-193a Varies in Breast Cancer
Authors: Tsai Kuo-Wang , Leung Chung-Man , Lo Yi-Hao , Chen Ting-Wen , Chan Wen-Ching , Yu Shou-Yu , Tu Ya-Ting , Lam Hing-Chung , Li Sung-Chou , Ger Luo-Ping , Liu Wen-Shan , Chang Hong-Tai
Published: June 2016

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs derived from the 3′ and 5′ ends of the same precursor. However, the biological function and mechanism of miRNA arm expression preference remain unclear in breast cancer. We found significant decreases in the expression levels of miR-193a-5p but no significant differences in those of miR-193a-3p in breast cancer. MiR-193a-3p suppressed breast cancer cell growth and migration and invasion abilities, whereas miR-193a-5p suppressed cell growth but did not influence cell motility. Furthermore, NLN and CCND1, PLAU, and SEPN1 were directly targeted by miR-193a-5p and miR-193a-3p, respectively, in breast cancer cells. The endogenous levels of miR-193a-5p and miR-193a-3p were significantly increased by transfecting breast cancer cells with the 3′UTR of their direct targets. Comprehensive analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas database revealed significant differences in the arm expression preferences of several miRNAs between breast cancer and adjacent normal tissues. Our results collectively indicate that the arm expression preference phenomenon may be attributable to the target gene amount during breast cancer progression. The miRNA arm expression preference may be a means of modulating miRNA function, further complicating the mRNA regulatory network. Our findings provide a new insight into miRNA regulation and an application for breast cancer therapy.
Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) Subunit p110δ Is Essential for Trophoblast Cell Differentiation and Placental Development in Mouse
Authors: Hu Xiwen , Li Jiangchao , Zhang Qianqian , Zheng Lingyun , Wang Guang , Zhang Xiaohan , Zhang Jingli , Gu Quliang , Ye Yuxiang , Guo Sun-Wei , Yang Xuesong , Wang Lijing
Published: June 2016

Maternal PI3K p110δ has been implicated in smaller litter sizes in mice, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. The placenta is an indispensable chimeric organ that supports mammalian embryonic development. Using a mouse model of genetic inactivation of PI3K p110δ (p110δD910A/D910A), we show that fetuses carried by p110δD910A/D910A females were growth retarded and showed increased mortality in utero mainly during placentation. The placentas in p110δD910A/D910A females were anomalously anemic, exhibited thinner spongiotrophoblast layer and looser labyrinth zone, which indicate defective placental vasculogenesis. In addition, p110δ was detected in primary trophoblast giant cells (P-TGC) at early placentation. Maternal PI3K p110δ inactivation affected normal TGCs generation and expansion, impeded the branching of chorioallantoic placenta but enhanced the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-12). Poor vasculature support for the developing fetoplacental unit resulted in fetal death or gross growth retardation. These data, taken together, provide the first in vivo evidence that p110δ may play an important role in placental vascularization through manipulating trophoblast giant cell.
Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) Reproductive Success is Influenced by Krill (Euphausia superba) Density and Climate
Authors: Seyboth Elisa , Groch Karina R. , Dalla Rosa Luciano , Reid Keith , Flores Paulo A. C. , Secchi Eduardo R.
Published: June 2016

The reproductive success of southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) depends on body condition and, therefore, on foraging success. This, in turn, might be affected by climatically driven change in the abundance of the species main prey, krill (Euphausia superba), on the feeding grounds. Annual data on southern right whale number of calves were obtained from aerial surveys carried out between 1997 and 2013 in southern Brazil, where the species concentrate during their breeding season. The number of calves recorded each year varied from 7 to 43 ("Equation missing" = 21.11 ± 11.88). Using cross-correlation analysis we examined the response of the species to climate anomalies and krill densities. Significant correlations were found with krill densities (r = 0.69, p = 0.002, lag 0 years), Oceanic Niño Index (r = −0.65, p = 0.03, lag 6 years), Antarctic Oscillation (r = 0.76, p = 0.01, lag 7 years) and Antarctic sea ice area (r = −0.68, p = 0.002, lag 0 years). Our results suggest that global climate indices influence southern right whale breeding success in southern Brazil by determining variation in food (krill) availability for the species. Therefore, increased frequency of years with reduced krill abundance, due to global warming, is likely to reduce the current rate of recovery of southern right whales from historical overexploitation.
IgG1 Fc N-glycan galactosylation as a biomarker for immune activation
Authors: de Jong Sanne E. , Selman Maurice H. J. , Adegnika Ayola A. , Amoah Abena S. , van Riet Elly , Kruize Yvonne C. M. , Raynes John G. , Rodriguez Alejandro , Boakye Daniel , von Mutius Erika , Knulst André C. , Genuneit Jon , Cooper Philip J. , Hokke Cornelis H. , Wuhrer Manfred , Yazdanbakhsh Maria
Published: June 2016

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc N-glycosylation affects antibody-mediated effector functions and varies with inflammation rooted in both communicable and non-communicable diseases. Worldwide, communicable and non-communicable diseases tend to segregate geographically. Therefore, we studied whether IgG Fc N-glycosylation varies in populations with different environmental exposures in different parts of the world. IgG Fc N-glycosylation was analysed in serum/plasma of 700 school-age children from different communities of Gabon, Ghana, Ecuador, the Netherlands and Germany. IgG1 galactosylation levels were generally higher in more affluent countries and in more urban communities. High IgG1 galactosylation levels correlated with low total IgE levels, low C-reactive protein levels and low prevalence of parasitic infections. Linear mixed modelling showed that only positivity for parasitic infections was a significant predictor of reduced IgG1 galactosylation levels. That IgG1 galactosylation is a predictor of immune activation is supported by the observation that asthmatic children seemed to have reduced IgG1 galactosylation levels as well. This indicates that IgG1 galactosylation levels could be used as a biomarker for immune activation of populations, providing a valuable tool for studies examining the epidemiological transition from communicable to non-communicable diseases.
The adaptor protein DCAF7 mediates the interaction of the adenovirus E1A oncoprotein with the protein kinases DYRK1A and HIPK2
Authors: Glenewinkel Florian , Cohen Michael J. , King Cason R. , Kaspar Sophie , Bamberg-Lemper Simone , Mymryk Joe S. , Becker Walter
Published: June 2016

DYRK1A is a constitutively active protein kinase that has a critical role in growth and development which functions by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. DCAF7 (also termed WDR68 or HAN11) is a cellular binding partner of DYRK1A and also regulates signalling by the protein kinase HIPK2. DCAF7 is an evolutionarily conserved protein with a single WD40 repeat domain and has no catalytic activity. We have defined a DCAF7 binding motif of 12 amino acids in the N-terminal domain of class 1 DYRKs that is functionally conserved in DYRK1 orthologs fromXenopus,Danio rerioand the slime moldDictyostelium discoideum.A similar sequence was essential for DCAF7 binding to HIPK2, whereas the closely related HIPK1 family member did not bind DCAF7. Immunoprecipitation and pulldown experiments identified DCAF7 as an adaptor for the association of the adenovirus E1A protein with DYRK1A and HIPK2. Furthermore, DCAF7 was required for the hyperphosphorylation of E1A in DYRK1A or HIPK2 overexpressing cells. Our results characterize DCAF7 as a substrate recruiting subunit of DYRK1A and HIPK2 and suggest that it is required for the negative effect of DYRK1A on E1A-induced oncogenic transformation.
The colors of biomass burning aerosols in the atmosphere
Authors: Liu Chao , Chung Chul Eddy , Zhang Feng , Yin Yan
Published: June 2016

Biomass burning aerosols mainly consist of black carbon (BC) and organic aerosols (OAs) and some of OAs are brown carbon (BrC). This study simulates the colors of BrC, BC and their mixture with scattering OAs in the ambient atmosphere by using a combination of light scattering simulations, a two-stream radiative transfer model and a RGB (Red, Green, Blue) color model. We find that both BCs and tar balls (a class of BrC) appear brownish at small particle sizes and blackish at large sizes. This is because the aerosol absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) largely controls the color and larger particles give smaller AAE values. At realistic size distributions, BCs look more blackish than tar balls, but still exhibit some brown color. However, when the absorptance of aerosol layer at green wavelength becomes larger than approximately 0.8, all biomass burning aerosols look blackish. The colors for mixture of purely scattering and absorptive carbonaceous aerosol layers in the atmosphere are also investigated. We suggest that the brownishness of biomass burning aerosols indicates the amount of BC/BrC as well as the ratio of BC to BrC.
Identification of bacterial species by untargeted NMR spectroscopy of the exo-metabolome
Authors: Palama T. L. , Canard I. , Rautureau G. J. P. , Mirande C. , Chatellier S. , Elena-Herrmann B.
Published: June 2016

Identification of bacterial species is a crucial bottleneck for clinical diagnosis of infectious diseases.
Highly enantioselective [3+2] coupling of cyclic enamides with quinone monoimines promoted by a chiral phosphoric acid
Authors: Zhang Minmin , Yu Shuowen , Hu Fangzhi , Liao Yijun , Liao Lihua , Xu Xiaoying , Yuan Weicheng , Zhang Xiaomei
Published: June 2016

A chiral phosphoric acid promoted [3+2] coupling of cyclic enamides with quinone monoimines provided highly enantioenriched polycyclic 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans.
Modelling spin Hamiltonian parameters of molecular nanomagnets
Authors: Gupta Tulika , Rajaraman Gopalan
Published: June 2016

With significant development in the computational methods applied to open-shell systems and tremendous improvements in computing resources, molecular modelling has become an integral part of the study of molecular magnetism. In this feature study, we have attempted to provide a bird's-eye view of the modelling of various spin Hamiltonian parameters of molecular nanomagnets.
Incorporation and visualization of azido-functionalized N-oleoyl serinol in Jurkat cells, mouse brain astrocytes, 3T3 fibroblasts and human brain microvascular endothelial cells
Authors: Walter T. , Collenburg L. , Japtok L. , Kleuser B. , Schneider-Schaulies S. , Müller N. , Becam J. , Schubert-Unkmeir A. , Kong J. N. , Bieberich E. , Seibel J.
Published: June 2016

Azido N-oleoyl serinol is a clickable ceramide analog for usage in a broad spectrum of cell lines like HBMEC.
Solvent- and anion-induced interconversions of metal–organic cages
Authors: Li Yu-Hao , Jiang Ji-Jun , Fan Yan-Zhong , Wei Zhang-Wen , Chen Cheng-Xia , Yu Hui-Juan , Zheng Shao-Ping , Fenske Dieter , Su Cheng-Yong , Barboiu Mihail
Published: June 2016

Controlled interconversion between monomeric Pd2L4 and interlocked dimeric Pd4L8 cages with different anion-binding behaviours.
Synthesis of 2-BMIDA 6,5-bicyclic heterocycles by Cu(i)/Pd(0)/Cu(ii) cascade catalysis of 2-iodoaniline/phenols
Authors: Seath Ciaran P. , Wilson Kirsty L. , Campbell Angus , Mowat Jenna M. , Watson Allan J. B.
Published: June 2016

A one-pot cascade reaction for the synthesis of 2-BMIDA 6,5-bicyclic heterocycles has been developed using Cu(i)/Pd(0)/Cu(ii) catalysis. The method provides efficient access to borylated indoles, benzofurans, and aza-derivatives, which can be difficult to access through alternative methods.
Magneto-acceleration of Ostwald ripening in hollow Fe3O4nanospheres
Authors: Ding Wei , Hu Lin , Sheng Zhigao , Dai Jianming , Zhu Xuebin , Tang Xianwu , Hui Zhenzhen , Sun Yuping
Published: June 2016

The magnetic field-induced acceleration of the Ostwald ripening process was demonstrated firstly in the formation of hollow Fe3O4nanospheres.
Dynamics of internally functionalized dendrimers
Authors: Grimm Jonas , Dolgushev Maxim
Published: June 2016

The dynamics of internally functionalized dendrimers is theoretically investigated. The functionalized units clearly manifest themselves leading to a corresponding process in the imaginary part of the complex dielectric susceptibility.
Deposition of tetraferrocenylporphyrins on ITO surfaces for photo-catalytic O2activation
Authors: Sabuzi F. , Tiravia M. , Vecchi A. , Gatto E. , Venanzi M. , Floris B. , Conte V. , Galloni P.
Published: June 2016

Tetraferrocenylporphyrins have been successfully deposited on ITO electrodes for O2photo-catalytic activation.
Synthesis and characterisation of an N-heterocyclic carbene with spatially-defined steric impact
Authors: Shaw Paul , Kennedy Alan R. , Nelson David J.
Published: June 2016

The synthesis and co-ordination chemistry of a new N-heterocyclic carbene (“IPaul”) with spatially-defined steric impact is reported.
Ligand effects on the properties of Ni(iii) complexes: aerobically-induced aromatic cyanation at room temperature
Authors: Zhou Wen , Watson Michael B. , Zheng Shuai , Rath Nigam P. , Mirica Liviu M.
Published: June 2016

Ligand effect studies on (RN3C)NiIIIL2 complexes reveal aerobically-induced aromatic cyanation with tBuNC at room temperature for the (NpN3C)Ni system.
Rosmarinus officinalis L. extract ameliorates intestinal inflammation through MAPKs/NF-κB signaling in a murine model of acute experimental colitis
Authors: Medicherla Kanakaraju , Ketkar Avanee , Sahu Bidya Dhar , Sudhakar Godi , Sistla Ramakrishna
Published: June 2016

Anti-inflammatory and anti-colitis effects of Rosmarinus officinalis L. extract (RE).
Spectroscopic characterization of a low-temperature plasma ambient ionization probe operated with helium/nitrogen plasma gas mixtures
Authors: Kuklya Andriy , Engelhard Carsten , Kerpen Klaus , Telgheder Ursula
Published: June 2016

In this study, a systematic spectroscopic characterization of a low-temperature plasma (LTP) probe operated with He/N2 gas mixtures is carried out.
Magnetic domain wall tweezers: a new tool for mechanobiology studies on individual target cells
Authors: Monticelli M. , Conca D. V. , Albisetti E. , Torti A. , Sharma P. P. , Kidiyoor G. , Barozzi S. , Parazzoli D. , Ciarletta P. , Lupi M. , Petti D. , Bertacco R.
Published: June 2016

Magnetic domain wall tweezers allow the application of localized and precisely quantified forces on target cells for mechanobiology studies.
Nanoparticles vs. biofilms: a battle against another paradigm of antibiotic resistance
Authors: Qayyum Shariq , Khan Asad U.
Published: June 2016

Microbes form surface-adherent community structures called biofilms and these biofilms play a critical role in infection.
Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and docking studies of sulfonyl isatin derivatives as monoamine oxidase and caspase-3 inhibitors
Authors: Tavari Mohsen , Malan Sarel F. , Joubert Jacques
Published: June 2016

Sulfonyl isatin derivatives as multifunctional agents showing monoamine oxidase and caspase-3 inhibitory activities in the low micromolar range.
Differentiating between drugs with short and long residence times
Authors: Kukk S. , Järv J.
Published: June 2016

The kinetic aspects of the ligand–receptor interaction, characterising the residence time of a ligand in its binding site, play an important role in drug effectiveness.
Construction of a three-dimensional nest-like lithium ferrite/reduced graphene oxide composite with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Zhang Danfeng , Zhang Lei
Published: June 2016

Magnetic separable nest-like LiFe5O8/RGO was synthesized and displayed superior photocatalytic activity under visible-light irradiation because of its unique nest-like structure.
Evaluation of ethyl N-(2-phenethyl) carbamate analogues as biofilm inhibitors of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Stephens Matthew D. , Yodsanit Nisakorn , Melander Christian
Published: June 2016

A small molecule library consisting of 45 compounds was synthesized based on the bacterial metabolite ethylN-(2-phenethyl) carbamate. From this library, a more potent, broad-spectrum inhibitor of MRSA biofilm formation was discovered.
Brønsted acid-catalyzed regioselective reactions of 2-indolylmethanols with cyclic enaminone and anhydride leading to C3-functionalized indole derivatives
Authors: Li Can , Zhang Hong-Hao , Fan Tao , Shen Yang , Wu Qiong , Shi Feng
Published: June 2016

An abnormal regioselective substitution of 2-indolylmethanols with nucleophiles has been established to afford C3-functionalized indole derivatives in high yield and regiospecificity (40 examples, up to 99% yield).
Fiber-optic detection of nitroaromatic explosives with solution-processable triazatruxene-based hyperbranched conjugated polymer nanoparticles
Authors: Xu Yuxiang , Wu Xiaofu , Chen Yonghong , Hang Hao , Tong Hui , Wang Lixiang
Published: June 2016

Solution-processable triazatruxene-based hyperbranched conjugated polymer nanoparticles have been developed as homogeneous, transparent fluorescent films coated on glass substrates and on optic-fiber tips for the detection of TNT vapor.
Energy dissipation in mechanical loading of nano-grained graphene sheets
Authors: Yang Zhi , Huang Yuhong , Ma Fei , Miao Yaping , Bao Hongwei , Xu Kewei , Chu Paul K.
Published: June 2016

Loading and unloading behavior of nanocrystalline graphene are studied by MDs. The energy dissipation in one loading circle are counted. The energy dissipation increases as the grain size decreases.
pH-Responsive sulphonated mesoporous silica: a comparative drug release study
Authors: Ayad Mohamad M. , Salahuddin Nehal A. , Torad Nagy L. , El-Nasr Ahmed Abu
Published: June 2016

Control of morphology and surface functionalization of mesoporous silica materials have enhanced the biocompatibility of these materials with high surface areas and total pore volumes.
Fabrication of copper-based ZnO nanopencil arrays with high-efficiency dropwise condensation heat transfer performance
Authors: Qu Mengnan , Liu Jia , He Jinmei
Published: June 2016

A copper-based zinc oxide nanopencil array film was reported. Compared with hydrophobic flat Cu surface, it exhibits condensate microdrop self-propelling function and maximal ∼140% enhancement in dropwise condensation heat transfer coefficient.
GSH-responsive biotinylated poly(vinyl alcohol)-grafted GO as a nanocarrier for targeted delivery of camptothecin
Authors: Yasoda K. Yamini , Bobba Kondapa Naidu , Nedungadi Divya , Dutta Debabrata , Kumar M. Sathish , Kothurkar Nikhil , Mishra Nandita , Bhuniya Sankarprasad
Published: June 2016

A water-soluble and biocompatible polymer, i.e. biotinylated poly(vinyl alcohol)-grafted graphene oxide (GO), was used as a nanocarrier for targeted delivery of anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT).
Gas leak diffusion induced polarization in submicro/nanoscale non-tight electrolytes of solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Niu Yinghua , Lv Weiqiang , Zhou Xingzhi , Huo Weirong , Ye Luhan , He Weidong
Published: June 2016

Gas leak diffusion induced concentration polarization through the submicro/nanoscale electrolyte of solid oxide fuel cells (μSOFCs) is investigated analytically.
Conformational control allows for [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements to proceed with torquoselectivity
Authors: López Roberto Villar , Faza Olalla Nieto , López Carlos Silva
Published: June 2016

Sigmatropic reactions can proceed through torquoselective-like mechanisms with approppriate structure design.
A facile one-step preparation method of recyclable superhydrophobic polypropylene membrane for oil–water separation
Authors: Kansara Ankit M. , Chaudhri Sanjay G. , Singh Puyam S.
Published: June 2016

A facile one-step dip-coating method to prepare recyclable superhydrophobic polypropylene membrane.
Probing the electrochemical properties of an electrophoretically deposited Co3O4/rGO/CNTs nanocomposite for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Kumar Nagesh , Huang Chun-Wei , Yen Po-Jen , Wu Wen-Wei , Wei Kung-Hwa , Tseng Tseung Yuen
Published: June 2016

Demonstration of Co3O4/rGO/CNTs nanocomposites electrochemical properties and pseudocapacitive behavior of asymmetric supercapacitor designed with Co3O4/rGO/CNTs nanocomposite anode and N-doped graphene as cathode in 1 M KOH aqueous electrolyte.
Selective picomolar level fluorometric sensing of the Cr(vi)-oxoanion in a water medium by a novel metal–organic complex
Authors: Mondal R. K. , Dhibar S. , Mukherjee P. , Chattopadhyay A. P. , Saha R. , Dey B.
Published: June 2016

Selective picomolar level fluorometric sensing of the Cr(vi)-oxoanion in a water medium has been achieved by a novel metal–organic complex.
Synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles, quinoxalines and 1,5-benzodiazepines over an eco-friendly and highly efficient ZrO2–Al2O3 catalyst
Authors: Thimmaraju N. , Shamshuddin S. Z. Mohamed
Published: June 2016

Where, R is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, N,N-diethyl or halo group.
Using a word association test for the assessment of high school students' cognitive structures on dissolution
Authors: Derman Ayşegül , Eilks Ingo
Published: June 2016

Understanding students' cognitive structures in a specific knowledge domain helps to determine the “what, how and why” features of such knowledge, so that we can take these structures into consideration in teaching. The purpose of the present study was to identify students' cognitive structures about solution and dissolution concepts. The study utilized mixed methods within a non-experimental descriptive design. The data source for this study consisted of 157 11th grade students' written accounts of solution chemistryviaa Word Association Test (WAT). A response frequency mapping method was used to identify the students' cognitive structures. To determine the nature of students' cognitive structures, sentences were analyzed in terms of misconceptions, lacking understanding, and vague understanding. Overall the study shows a very diverse picture in cognitive structures existing among the students, including many poorly-developed concepts. Implications for teaching are given.
Synthetically tuneable biomimetic artificial photosynthetic reaction centres that closely resemble the natural system in purple bacteria
Authors: Lee Sai-Ho , Blake Iain M. , Larsen Allan G. , McDonald James A. , Ohkubo Kei , Fukuzumi Shunichi , Reimers Jeffrey R. , Crossley Maxwell J.
Published: June 2016

Synthetically flexible, rigid, tetrad molecules are shown to closely mimic structural and photochemical properties of the bacterial photosynthetic reaction centre.
The rational design of specific SOD1 inhibitors via copper coordination and their application in ROS signaling research
Authors: Dong Xiongwei , Zhang Zhe , Zhao Jidong , Lei Juan , Chen Yuanyuan , Li Xiang , Chen Huanhuan , Tian Junli , Zhang Dan , Liu Chunrong , Liu Changlin
Published: June 2016

Based on the active site structure and catalytic mechanism of SOD1, we developed a new type of efficient and specific SOD1 inhibitor which can directly change the intracellular levels of H2O2and O2˙−.
Hydrophilic nanoparticles stabilising mesophase curvature at low concentration but disrupting mesophase order at higher concentrations
Authors: Beddoes Charlotte M. , Berge Johanna , Bartenstein Julia E. , Lange Kathrin , Smith Andrew J. , Heenan Richard K. , Briscoe Wuge H.
Published: June 2016

Silica nanoparticles form aggregates at mesophase domain boundaries, which may suppress or promote curvatures depending on the nanoparticle concentration.
Zinc pyrovanadate nanosheets of atomic thickness: excellent Li-storage properties and investigation of their electrochemical mechanism
Authors: Yang Gongzheng , Li Shuoyu , Wu Mingmei , Wang Chengxin
Published: June 2016

We report the facile preparation of ultrathin Zn3(OH)2V2O7·2H2O nanosheets and for the first time in detail investigate their lithium-storage mechanism.
Biofunctionalization of polydioxythiophene derivatives for biomedical applications
Authors: Strakosas Xenofon , Wei Bin , Martin David C. , Owens Roisin M.
Published: June 2016

It is becoming clear that development of biomedical devices relies on engineering of the interface between the device and the biological component. Improved performance for these sensors and devices can be achieved through biofunctionalization. In this review we focus on highlighting the biofunctionalization of polydioxythiophene sensors.
Single-walled carbon nanotubes templated CuO networks for gas sensing
Authors: Peng Guiming , Wu Suqin , Ellis James E. , Xu Xueqing , Xu Gang , Yu Changlin , Star Alexander
Published: June 2016

A CuO nanocrystal network covalently templated to oxidized carbon nanotubes creates a p-type sensing material for ethanol and humidity sensing at ambient temperatures.
Mn2+ induced structure evolution and dual-frequency microwave absorption of MnxFe3−xO4 hollow/porous spherical chains made by a one-pot solvothermal approach
Authors: Li Yana , Wu Tong , Jiang Kedan , Tong Guoxiu , Jin Keying , Qian Naxin , Zhao Leihong , Lv Tianxi
Published: June 2016

Mn2+ induced structure evolution and dual-frequency microwave absorption were found in MnxFe3−xO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.09) hollow/porous spherical chains.
A simple hydrothermal process to grow MoS2 nanosheets with excellent dielectric loss and microwave absorption performance
Authors: Liang Xiaohui , Zhang Xingmiao , Liu Wei , Tang Dongming , Zhang Baoshan , Ji Guangbin
Published: June 2016

In this study, two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets synthesized by a hydrothermal method were firstly investigated for microwave absorbing performance.
Earth abundant CuSbS2 thin films solution processed from thiol–amine mixtures
Authors: McCarthy Carrie L. , Cottingham Patrick , Abuyen Karla , Schueller Emily C. , Culver Sean P. , Brutchey Richard L.
Published: June 2016

A thiol–amine mixture is used to solution process phase-pure films of CuSbS2 that possess good optoelectronic properties.
Two‐way relay networks with wireless power transfer: design and performance analysis
Authors: Liu Yuanwei , Wang Lifeng , Elkashlan Maged , Duong Trung Q. , Nallanathan Arumugam
Published: June 2016

This study considers amplify‐and‐forward two‐way relay networks, where an energy constrained relay node harvests energy from the received radio‐frequency signal. Based on time switching receiver, they separate the energy harvesting (EH) phase and the information processing (IP) phase in time. In the EH phase, three practical wireless power transfer policies are proposed: (i) dual‐source (DS) power transfer, where both sources transfer power to the relay; (ii) single‐fixed‐source power transfer, where a fixed source transfers power to the relay; and (iii) single‐best‐source (SBS) power transfer, where a source with the strongest channel transfers power to the relay. In the IP phase, a new comparative framework of the proposed wireless power transfer policies is presented in two bi‐directional relaying protocols, known as multiple access broadcast (MABC) and time division broadcast (TDBC). To characterise the performance of the proposed policies, new analytical expressions are derived for the outage probability, the throughput, and the system energy efficiency. Numerical results corroborate the authors’ analysis and show: (i) the DS policy performs the best in terms of both outage probability and throughput among the proposed policies, (ii) the TDBC protocol achieves lower outage probability than the MABC protocol, and (iii) there exits an optimal value of EH time fraction to maximise the throughput.