bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of water quality and LULC analysis using machine learning and geospatial techniques
Authors: Kaur Komalpreet , Singh Kanwarpreet , Gupta Sushindra Kumar , Tiwary Aditya Kumar
Published: December 2024

The present study explores the use of machine learning and geographical methods to forecast and assess the quality of water and examine the use and coverage of land. The study focuses on the Karamana River in India and looks at the significant changes in LULC models and water quality parameters between 2001 to 2020. The study reveals material from a dynamic environment manifested in the river through detailed numerical analysis and visualization, including urban development, deforestation, and agricultural development. Moreover, it has the ability to identify fluctuations in water quality metrics, which includes temperature, dissolved oxygen levels, pH, conductivity, and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), providing important insights into pollutants, ecological stresses, and human impacts. The Water Quality Index (WQI) evaluates the overall water quality. Correlation analysis elucidates the interactions between water quality parameters while also providing insight into pollution sources and ecosystem dynamics. The findings illustrate the efficacy of the random forest method in soil classification, as it effectively covers an even distribution of soil types. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of informed strategies for land management and techniques for managing water quality in sustaining the Karamana River ecosystem.
Bending of single-layer graphene
Authors:   Mavlyutov Institute of Mechanics URFS RAS, Ufa, Russia, Khakimov A.G.
Published: December 2024

An analytical geometrically nonlinear model of flexible single-layer graphene or a flexible beam is presented, for an element of which the equilibrium equations are written in projections of forces onto natural coordinate axes: tangent, normal to the axis, and the sum of moments relative to the axis coinciding with the binormal. The bending moment is defined as the product of the bending rigidity and the change in curvature taken in exact form. A nonlinear boundary value problem for single-layer graphene or a flexible beam in a deformed state is formulated in dimensionless form and exact analytical general solutions are obtained in elliptic functions, based on which the deformation modes of the flexible beam, distribution of tension forces, shear forces, and bending moments are determined. An exact analytical solution is also given for the case of a dimensionless bending moment acting at the free end with zero shear force in elliptic functions. The action of the tension force is taken into account by a parameter depending on the curvature and the tension force at the free end. Formulas for finding the shape of single-layer graphene or a flexible beam and dimensionless tension forces are obtained. The shear force and bending moment are calculated accordingly. If the tension force at the free end is zero, the curvature of the cross-section is also zero, so the bending moment is zero, then the differential equation of bending is simplified. Taking into account the effect of the average pressure does not complicate the task. In the differential equation, an additional parameter appears for the desired function, taking into account the effect of the average pressure. The effect of the average pressure depends on the thickness of the flexible single-layer graphene or flexible beam.
Letras coloniais na escola: análise de um material didático destinado a estudantes de nível médio
Authors: Regner Ana Paula , Barros Guilherme Barbat , Zamberlan Lucas da Cunha
Published: December 2024

Considerando o livro didático (LD) como um dos principais instrumentos de ensino, a presente pesquisa busca verificar como são organizados os conteúdos referentes à chamada “literatura do período colonial”, no LD destinado aos alunos e professores, do 2º ano do Ensino Médio, da coleção Linguagem e Interação. Os pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos envolvem as letras coloniais e as etapas de leitura e a taxonomia de Bloom. O corpus de análise é composto por seis textos e suas atividades encontrados nas seções O início da literatura brasileira: literatura de informação e Barroco no Brasil: surge nosso primeiro grande poeta. Os procedimentos de análise envolveram: i) categorização dos textos e atividades, ii) análise do corpus a partir das etapas para o trabalho com a leitura com base em Cosson (2011) e iii) análise dos níveis de complexidade demandados pelas atividades à luz da Taxonomia de Bloom (1956), revisada por Krathwohl (2002). Os resultados evidenciaram que as atividades não contemplam as etapas de Pré-leitura e Pós-leitura, fundamentais para antecipar o contato do aluno com o texto a ser trabalhado assim como estabelecer relações entre o que foi trabalhado com a realidade em que os sujeitos estão inseridos. Além disso, as atividades dos textos das seções analisadas não propiciam a mobilização do nível avançado de complexidade, a partir dos processos de avaliar e criar, e, portanto, não são estabelecidos andaimes para a construção do conhecimento.
Ferramentas facilitadoras para o planejamento da dissertação argumentativa
Authors: Gonçalves de Castro Gisely , Rodrigues dos Santos Dayse
Published: December 2024

Considerando o tema da argumentação no campo do ensino, este artigo propõe duas ferramentas facilitadoras para o planejamento da dissertação argumentativa. Teoricamente fundamentado na perspectiva processual da escrita (Hayes; Flower, 1980), diverge em algum nível das proposições da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, cujas bases são enunciativo-discursivas. Idealizado no âmbito de um projeto mais abrangente voltado para a necessidade de instalação de laboratórios de processamento cognitivo em instituições de Educação Básica, consiste na divulgação do primeiro de uma série de produtos didáticos dessa natureza para a aplicação em contexto educacional. Trata-se de um estudo teórico de natureza descritiva. O resultado consiste na apresentação das ferramentas e uma reflexão sobre o ensino da escrita.
Argumentação em contexto digital no ecossistema Twitter: estratégias tecnolinguageiras e funcionamento argumentativo em tuítes do perfil @folha
Authors: Paré Glück Eduardo , Silva Ananias Agostinho da , Catelão Evandro de Melo
Published: December 2024

Esta investigação visa analisar aspectos da tecnodiscursividade (Paveau, 2021) e da construção da argumentação (Amossy, 2017; 2018) em tuítes do perfil @folha selecionados com base em um recorte temático e temporal, em interface com a Linguística Textual (Cavalcante et al., 2020, 2022). Teoricamente, a análise guiou-se por dois referenciais de base: a concepção ampliada de argumentação de Amossy (2017), pleiteando uma análise argumentativa que contemple parâmetros concernentes ao texto; e o empreendimento teórico-metodológico, direcionado para a descrição e análise de discursos digitais nativos, delineado por Paveau (2021) para a Análise do Discurso Digital. Em confluência, acredita-se que o diálogo entre essas abordagens pode fornecer dispositivos relevantes para o analista investigar a complexidade de textualidades digitais que circulam em ecossistemas digitais, como o Twitter (hoje X). Amparada em uma abordagem qualitativa (Creswell, 2010), a análise dos tuítes gerados consistiu em: (i) geração dos dados para análise, na temática da política; (ii) descrição dos tuítes dos dados gerados a partir do ecossistema em que estão inseridos, o Twitter; (iii) identificação das estratégias tecnolinguageiras no perfil de @folha sobre essa temática, levando em conta categorias da Análise do Discurso Digital; e (iv) considerações acerca do funcionamento argumentativo dos tuítes em análise. A análise revelou que a @folha se vale, entre outros aspectos, da natureza compósita do tecnodiscurso, do fenômeno do tecnodiscurso relatado e do caráter dialogal da interatividade, permitido pelos retuítes e comentários, para apresentar fatos e embasar argumentos.
(AUTO)BIOGRAFIA EM CENA E PROCESSO CRIATIVO:NARRATIVAS DO CONGADO MINEIRO
Authors: Silva Iasmim Alice
Published: December 2024

Este texto tem como objetivo apresentar e refletir sobre o processo de criação da obra “Raiz D’água”. Percebo meu corpo, enquanto instrumento artístico que nasceu e foi acolhido pelas festas populares dos Congados mineiros-  corpo em diálogo com saberes, afetos, memórias e ancestralidade - na busca por atingir um processo de criação que ruma a horizontes mais íntegros com a cultura afromineira. O congado e toda a sua ancestralidade, revela elementos simbólicos, gestuais, sonoros, que provocam a experimentar cenicamente. São referências práticas deste texto a vivência no Congado e Moçambique de Ibertioga/ MG e os saberes transmitidos oralmente através de familiares e referências como Inaicyra Falcão Santos (2009), Leda Maria Martins (1997; 2002), Juliana Mota (2012; 2020), Jarbas Siqueira Ramos (2017, 2019).
Does aortic valve anatomy affect the long-term outcomes of aortic root reimplantation? A retrospective study with propensity score matching
Authors: Kokorin A.V. , Aminov  V.V. , Lukin O.P. , Bogachev-Prokofiev A.V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The results of aortic root reimplantation techniques in patients with tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) are generally recognized. However, data on the results of valve-preserving operations in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) remain limited.Objective: In this retrospective study we compare the long-term results of reimplantation technique, depending on the type of aortic valve (AV): BAV versus TAV.Methods: The retrospective study included 224 patients (average age 48.43 ± 13.70 years, 81.2% men) who underwent valve-preserving operations by reimplantation of the aortic root from January 2013 to January 2023. Depending on the anatomical variant of the AV, the entire sample was divided into two groups: 76 patients with BAV (33.9%) and 148 patients with TAV (66.1%). To eliminate the systematic differences between the compared groups, the propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used in order to compare groups by 12 criteria. As a result, 33 pairs of patients were formed. After the PSM analysis, there were no significant differences between the groups.Results: In total, 221 (98.2%) patients were examined in the long-term period. The average follow-up period for the entire sample was 53.17 ± 26.34 months. After the PSM analysis, there were no significant differences between the groups in the number of patients examined, namely 33 individuals (100%) in each group. The average follow-up period was 55.24 ± 22.66 months. At long-term follow-up, 100% survival was recorded in both groups. Prior to the PSM analysis, the freedom from aortic insufficiency (AI) grade ≥ II in the patients with TAV was 90.2% and 88.2% at 5 and 10 year follow-up periods, and in patients with BAV this indicator was 89.6% and 89.6% (p = 0.786), respectively. After the PSM analysis, the freedom from AI grade ≥ II in the patients with TAV was 84.2% and 84.2% at 5 and 8 year follow-up periods, and in the group with BAV it was 85.1% and 85.1% (p = 1.000), respectively. Prior to the PSM analysis, freedom from aortic valve reoperation at 5 and 10 year follow-up periods in the patients with TAV was 99.3%, and in the patients with BAV it was 98.6% (p = 1.000). After the PSM analysis, this indicator at 5 and 8 year follow-up periods in the patients with TAV and with BAV was 100% and 96.7%, respectively (p = 1.000).Conclusion: The reimplantation technique enables to effectively reconstruct the aortic root regardless of the anatomical variant of the AV, providing excellent survival with a low risk of reoperation.
Received 2 October 2024. Revised 4 November 2024. Accepted 8 November 2024.
FundingThe research was carried out within the framework of the grant of the Russian Science Foundation No. 23-15-00434.
Conflict of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution of the authorsThe authors contributed equally to this article.
Association of GUCY1A3 (rs7692387), CYP2C19*2 (rs4244285), CYP2C19*3 (rs4986893) gene polymorphism with antiplatelet drug metabolism and prognosis of cardiovascular complications
Authors: Loginova I.Yu. , Kurguzov A.V. , Isaev A.S. , Kamenskaya O.V. , Doronin D.V. , Klinkova A.S. , Chernyavskiy A.M.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The identification of predictors for resistance to antiplatelet drugs including the search for new gene polymorphisms responsible for the development of the pathological process is an important direction to reduce the risk of complications after cardiac surgery and improve postoperative prognosis. Objective: The study was aimed at investigating the available data on the molecular genetic markers GUCY1A3 (rs7692387), CYP2C19*2 (rs4244285), CYP2C19*3 (rs4986893) and their association with antiplatelet drug metabolism and adverse outcome after cardiac surgery.Methods: The systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA criteria. The search was performed in databases Medline (PubMed), Google Scholar and the Russian Science Citation Index using queries and keywords. During the first selection, 3,210 results were obtained. The final analysis included 21 studies conducted between 2004 and 2024.Results: Since 2017 a number of studies have revealed the association of GUCY1A3 gene polymorphism with a high risk of cardiovascular diseases, as well as with an abnormal reaction to acetylsalicylic acid. The mechanism of the pathological process was related to the impact of gene polymorphism on vasoreactivity, platelet aggregation and, as a consequence, on the risk of thrombotic complications.Polymorphisms of CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 were the most common variants of alleles that reduced clopidogrel metabolism and increased the risk of cardiovascular events. However, therapy based on CYP2C19 genotyping requires a more detailed investigation with the inclusion of ethnic, demographic and socio-economic factors in the analysis.Conclusion: Resistance to acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel and other antiplatelet drugs depends on many genetic factors. Further investigation of the GUCY1A3 and CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms is promising for the development of algorithms for genotype-oriented antiplatelet therapy, the introduction of which into medical practice will reduce the number of complications after cardiac surgery and improve the quality of medical care.
Received 16 September 2024. Revised 2 November 2024. Accepted 5 November 2024.
FundingThe study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution of the authorsConception and study design: A.V. Kurguzov, O.V. KamenskayaData collection and analysis: I.Yu. Loginova, A.S. Isaev, D.V. DoroninDrafting the article: I.Yu. Loginova, A.S. KlinkovaCritical revision of the article: O.V. Kamenskaya, A.M. ChernyavskiyFinal approval of the version to be published: I.Yu. Loginova, A.V. Kurguzov, A.S. Isaev, O.V. Kamenskaya, D.V. Doronin, A.S. Klinkova, A.M. Chernyavskiy
Effect of Silica Fume on the Performances of Self-compacting Repair Mortar
Authors: Euldji Meriem , Ghrici Mohamed , Choucha Said , Khatib Jamal
Published: December 2024

Background

Concrete is a widely utilized material in construction worldwide. However, concrete performance could be damaged under aggressive environments, therefore, many concrete structures may require repair and frequent maintenance.

Objective

The aim of this study is to develop reinforced Self-Consolidating Repair Mortars (SCRMs) incorporating silica fume and polypropylene fibers.

Methods

This research aimed to study the effect of silica fume as an alternative supplementary cementitious material (SCM) on the performance of fiber reinforced self-consolidating repair mortars (SCRMs). For this purpose, five SCRMs mixes incorporating 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of silica fume as partial cement replacement were prepared. Testing included slump flow, flow time, and unit weight, air-dry unit weight, compressive and flexural strengths, dynamic modulus of elasticity and water absorption.

Results

The results indicated that the substitution of cement by 15% of silica fume improves the flexural strength and slightly reduce the compressive strength of the fiber-reinforced repair mortar. The lowest values of total shrinkage, water capillary absorption, and sorptivity were observed for repair mortars containing 10% silica fume. In addition, bonding results between repair mortars containing silica fume and old concrete substrate investigated by the bond flexural strength test showed good interlocking, justifying the effectiveness of these produced mortars.

Conclusion

The results reveal that structural repair mortars containing 10 and 15% silica fume conform to the performance requirements of class R4 materials (European Standard EN 1504-3) and could be used in repair applications.
Prevalence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) among Orthodontic Patients Compared to Community Population in Eastern Mediterranean Region
Authors: Moawad Shadi
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives

Many orthodontists may recognize that some of their clinic's patients may have one or more abnormal physical or psychological conditions, such as Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD). The aims of this study were to screen and identify the prevalence of BDD among orthodontic patients using the COPS-BDD questionnaire. Additionally, the study aimed to compare the prevalence of BDD between orthodontic patients and the normal population (community group) in the Eastern Mediterranean region.

Material and Methods

Two groups of participants aged between 18-25 years old were recruited: a) Community group consisting of dental clinic visitors for operative procedures (n=503 participants), and b) Orthodontic patients' group comprising individuals seeking orthodontic treatment at orthodontic offices (n=500 participants).

Results

According to questionnaire guidelines, 7.36% and 11.2% of participants from the community group and orthodontic patients' group, respectively, were likely to have BDD with higher probability. Meanwhile, 16.7% and 12.4% of participants from these groups were still likely to have BDD but with lower probability. Females scored higher than males in both groups. In both groups, BDD was more common among females, with younger individuals showing higher likelihood of BDD. No significant differences in the mean scores of BDD subjects were observed when comparing the study groups. While there were no significant variations in the prevalence of BDD between both groups, the scores of questionnaire items suggested that subjects in the orthodontic patients' group received significantly higher scores than those in the community group, indicating a greater tendency to have BDD.

Conclusion

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is a notable psychological condition that should be carefully investigated and addressed by orthodontists. It is recommended that BDD be routinely considered as part of the decision-making process in orthodontic offices.
Control of Asthma and its Influencing Factors in Children Followed in Pneumo-pediatrics Consultation at the Mother-child Hospital in the City of Marrakech, Morocco
Authors: Labyad Maryem , Draiss Ghizlane , El Fakiri Karima , Ouzennou Nadia , Bouskraoui Mohammed
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Evaluate asthma control and determine its influencing factors to ensure adequate management and improve the quality of life for asthmatic children.

Method

A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over a two-month period, from 02/11/2022 to 01/01/2023, at the pneumo-pediatric consultation at the MCH. The target population was asthmatic children aged 4 to 11 and their parents. The Arabic version of the C-ACT and PMAQ-3W were used to assess asthma control and medication compliance, respectively.

Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS, using descriptive and correlational analysis (bivariate and multivariate).

Results

203 asthmatic children were included in the study, out of which 60.6% were male, with a mean age of 6 years. Asthma was uncontrolled in 53% of children. Factors associated with uncontrolled asthma were rural residence, low parental education, low monthly family income, lack of awareness of triggers, presence of conjunctivitis or allergic rhinitis, occurrence of respiratory infections, parental history of asthma, exposure to smoking, and non-compliance with treatment.

Conclusion

53% of children had uncontrolled asthma. A range of predictive factors were significantly associated with suboptimal asthma control. Recommended actions to improve childhood asthma control include education on trigger prevention and medication compliance, treatment of comorbidities, and accessibility of care for all socio-economic classes.
Investigation of the Prevalence of Depressive Illness in Vitiligo Patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Askarpour Hedyeh , Raesi Rasoul , Hushmandi Kiavash , Razzaghi Alireza , Norouzi Amirreza , Daneshi Salman
Published: December 2024

Background

Vitiligo, as a progressive skin disease, is associated with the public's negative attitudes toward this condition, as well as numerous social and familial problems that can lead to psychiatric disorders.

Aim

The present study was conducted to determine the frequency of depressive illness in patients with vitiligo.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted using census sampling on 178 patients with vitiligo who were referred to the skin clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital (RA) in Jiroft in 2023. Data were collected face-to-face using the Beck Depression Questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests in SPSS-22 statistical software, with a significance level of p less than 0.05.

Results

The average age of the examined patients was 31.4 ± 6.8 years. Of the participants, 53.3% were women and 46.7% were men. The frequency of individuals exhibiting moderate and severe depressive symptoms was 17.9% and 28.8%, respectively. The prevalence of depressive illness was higher among married women compared to single women.

Conclusion

The high prevalence of depressive illness symptoms in these patients underscores the urgent need for effective interventions and treatment strategies to address this mental health concern. The findings of this study highlight the necessity for continuous surveillance and monitoring of depressive illness prevalence and its risk factors, which will inform the development of effective interventions and policies aimed at mitigating this mental health issue.
Towards Zero Carbon Buildings: Overcoming the Financial Constraints to the Adoption of Biogenic Building Materials
Authors: Sodangi Mahmoud
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The adoption of biogenic building materials is an important step towards decarbonizing the construction industry. However, a number of constraints limit their wider adoption in the industry.

Objective

To determine and analyse the financial constraints (FC) to the adoption of biogenic building materials; examine how they relate to one another; and provide strategy for overcoming the constraints to promote wider utilization of the materials in building construction.

Methods

The data for the study was obtained using methodical review of related literature and expert-based survey while the results were analysed using the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) technique.

Results

The findings indicate that the most critical constraints with the strongest level of cause on other FC are high initial costs of materials (FC3), high design & production cost of the materials (FC4), lack of standardization & certification (FC7), difficulty in upscaling production (FC1), and limited access to capital and financing options (FC8).

Conclusion

This study contributes to advancing knowledge in sustainable construction practices by determining and understanding the specific financial constraints that impede the widespread adoption of biogenic building materials within the construction industry. By addressing these constraints, the study promotes sustainable practices within the construction sector, contributing to environmental conservation and resource efficiency.
Samoby (Safe Mom And Baby): An Android-based Application Increasing The Success Of Childbirth Planning And Complication Prevention Program
Authors: Titisari Ira , Kundarti Finta Isti , Indriani Ririn , Sendra Eny , Firdayanti Iva
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The childbirth planning and complication prevention programme in the Sukorame Health Center area has faced challenges in implementation. Many pregnant women have not displayed the childbirth planning and complication prevention program stickers on their doors or windows, preventing the local community recognizing that a pregnant women lives in the area. The stickers are often incomplete. To maximize the success of the program an Android-based application called Samoby (Save Mom and Baby) was introduced. This study aimed to determine the effect of the Samoby (mom and baby safe) application on improving the childbirth planning and complication prevention program in the Sukorame Health Center area, Kediri City.

Method

This study used a pre-experimental design using a one-group pre-test and post-test approach, without a comparison group. Data were collected through questionnaires and observation sheets . The population was 50 pregnant women from the Sukorame Health Center area, Kediri, determined by a simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Match Pairs Test, obtaining a p-value of 0.001.

Result

The study demonstrated that the android-based application had proven to be more effective in increasing the success of the childbirth planning and complication prevention program. The Samoby application allowed midwives could monitor the the completion and display of program stickers, leading to better compliance..

Conclusion

Samoby, an Android-based application, could increase the success of the childbirth planning and complication prevention program by 38% in the Sukorame Health Center Area, Kediri. However, t its use is limited to pregnant women with Android smartphones. The app could be further enhanced by adding new, more comprehensive features. Therefore, further research should explore the impact of Samoby with larger sample sizes and a control group.
Algorithms and Activation Function-IoT
Authors: Bakshi Gaytri
Published: December 2024

In this new industrial era, IoT is an emerging technology. Industrialization
has entered an entirely novel phase with the fusion or incorporation of deep neural
network methods with machine learning (ML). Both sustainable living and economic
prosperity have resulted from this. Predictive analysis has been both a boon to
humanity and an improvement in the caliber of work produced. It has created an
opportunity for people to improve society and assist the poor in numerous ways. IoT
and ML integration enables humanity to create a single home on this planet.
Operational Calculus Approach for Solving Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Oyelami Benjamin Oyediran
Published: December 2024

Laplace transform method is studied in this chapter. It is an operation calculus
method for finding solutions to differential equations, especially solutions to models in
engineering. Problems solved using the Laplace transform are: LRC electrical problems with
constant voltages and n-th order linear differential equations. In real life, systems may be
governed by combinations of continuous and discrete characteristics, referred to as hybrid
systems. In order to handle such systems effectively, the Laplace transform of discrete systems
is also studied to complement the continuous systems.
Solutions of Differential Equations by Power Series
Authors: Oyelami Benjamin Oyediran
Published: December 2024

In this Chapter, the power series method for generating linearly independent
solutions to ordinary differential equations is considered. The method is applied to the Bessel,
Hypergeometric, Legendre and Airy equations. Some special topics for transforming nonlinear
equations to linear ones by the change of variables are considered, including corresponding
Maple examples for obtaining symbolic and numeric solutions to ordinary differential
equations using power series and other special functions.
Overview of Microbes and Microbiomes in the Restoration of Terrestrial, Aquatic, and Coastal Ecosystems
Authors: Prasad Shiv , Karthika Sangilidurai , Sinduja Murugaiyan , Poornima Ramesh , Dinesh Govindaraj Kamalam , Sathya Velusamy
Published: December 2024

Ecosystems consist of biotic and abiotic components, including flora and
fauna, along with the conducive environmental factors of a particular place. These are
imperative for maintaining the ecosystem's structure and energy flow between trophic
levels and providing ecosystem services for the well-being of humans and other living
organisms. However, ecosystems are being threatened by human activities, which
disrupt the balance of nature. Thus, it impacts billions of people by causing economic
loss and threats to the survival of terrestrial, aquatic, and other species. Climate change
and increasing pollution also adversely affect the functions of the ecosystem. Microbes
and microbiomes are reported to restore terrestrial, aquatic, and coastal ecosystems.
The diverse microbes such as bacteria, archaea, algae, fungi, and protozoa help
detoxify the polluted ecosystems through various physical, chemical, and biological
mechanisms. They also help with the nutrient cycling and mineralization of nutrients
from the soil to plants in their available forms. With the focus on ecorestoration, there
is a need to take collective action to protect the environment and prevent ecosystem
degradation worldwide.
Evaluation of Data Management in Blockchainbased Systems
Authors: Thakre Bhakti , Yadav Uma
Published: December 2024

Blockchain records every data transaction on its network through a
distributed digital ledger that is accessible to the public. The agreement-based process
of recording and updating data across dispersed nodes is crucial for enabling trustless
multi-party transactions in blockchain-based systems. The degree of utility and
performance of a blockchain-based application is ultimately determined by
understanding what and how the data is stored and changed. By offering an immutable
and consistent data storage technology, it improves the quality of the data while posing
new data management issues.It analyzes blockchains from the viewpoint of a developer to highlight important
concepts and considerations when incorporating a blockchain into a larger software
system as a data store. Data Management involves architectural layers for storing data
and conceptualizing each layer in blockchain, examining the flow of data in
blockchain-based applications, andexploring data administration aspects for blockchains. Data domination issues in blockchains are related to privacy and Quality
Assurance (QA). The privacy of data can be preserved by keeping it in an encrypted
form, but it affects usability and flexibility in terms of effective search. Attribute-based
Searchable Encryption (ABSE) has proven its worth by providing fine-grained
searching capabilities in the shared cloud storage.In order to emphasize key ideas and things to keep in mind when integrating a
blockchain as a data storage system into a larger software system, it analyzes
blockchains from the perspective of a developer. Data management includes creating
architectural layers for data storage, conceptualizing each layer in a blockchain,
analyzing data flow in blockchain-based applications, and finally investigating data
administration features for blockchains. The problems with data dominance in
blockchains concern Quality Assurance (QA) and privacy. Data privacy can be
maintained by encrypting it, but this compromises flexibility and usability in terms of
efficient search. Since it allows for more precise searching in shared cloud storage,
attribute-based searchable encryption, or ABSE, has shown its value.The vulnerability of cloud services to assaults stems from their widespread
accessibility. In cloud computing, data tampering is a risk to data integrity that can
happen. Clients using cloud computing across a range of application areas demand
assurances regarding the veracity and accuracy of their data.
Historical Development of Plant Physiology
Authors: Kaya Ergun
Published: December 2024

Although the basis of plant science is identified with the history of
humanity, studies in the field of plant physiology based on both the development
process of science and technological developments date back to the very recent past. In
1727, English physiologist, inventor, and chemist Stephen Hales published a book
called 'Vegetable Statick' and in his book, Hales explained how water is mobilized in
plants and laid the foundations of plant physiology. Since then, great developments in
technology and biotechnology have allowed plant physiology to grow in a logarithmic
manner. Today, many metabolisms have been enlightened both at the cellular level and
at the tissue and organ level, and new studies are being added to these studies every
day. In addition to the significant advances brought about by technological
advancement, research in the fields of nutrition, plant chemistry, particularly in the
agricultural sector, and genetics and molecular biology, though often fraught with
ethical issues, has produced some truly groundbreaking discoveries. Within this
framework, the goal of this chapter is to elucidate the features of the development
processes by examining the history of plant biotechnology development, how
technological advancements have accelerated this process, and what key studies were
conducted during these phases.
Stress Physiology and Current Approaches
Authors: Kaya Ergun , Galatalı Selin
Published: December 2024

Plants often encounter environmental stressors in both wild and cultivated
environments. Certain environmental stressors, like air temperature, only last a few
minutes, but others, like soil water content, might persist for several days. Stress might
last for months if there is a mineral shortage in the soil. This chapter gives an overview
of the ways that soil, climate, and stress affect the spread of different plant species.
Thus, it is crucial for agriculture and the environment to comprehend the physiological
mechanisms that underlie plants' methods of adaptation and acclimatization to
environmental challenges. A common definition of stress is an outside influence that
negatively impacts plants. Stress tolerance and the concept of stress are closely related.
The capacity of a plant to withstand adverse environmental conditions is known as
stress tolerance. One plant may not find stress in the same environment as another.
Based on the fundamental ideas of stress physiology in plants, this chapter seeks to
provide a modern and fundamental explanation of the metabolic processes that occur in
cells.
Methodology for Occlusal-Articulation Relationships through the T-SCAN System in Treatment with Complete Denture
Authors: Bozhkova Tanya , Musurlieva Nina
Published: December 2024

Background: The exact physiological restoration of the occlusal-articulation balance is a challenge for every dentist. Any tooth restoration, extraction, or prosthetic treatment creates a prerequisite for a change in occlusion
Objectives: To approve a methodology that uses the capabilities of the T-SCAN system to evaluate the occlusal-articulation relationships in the treatment of patients with complete dentures.
Material and methods: The study included 47 patients for prosthetic treatment. The subjects were aged 56 to 81 years (18 men and 24 women). On each one, control of the occlusal-articulation relationship was performed after the treatment with a complete denture. Examination of the occlusal contacts was performed with two-step articulation paper and the T-SCAN system. The minimum sample size of patients was determined based on power analysis for sample-size calculation. Descriptive statistics was used. Statistical significance was assumed at P< 0.05. SPSS version 20.0 was applied for data processing.
Results: More women 51.06 ± 7.29 % and 38.29 ± 7.09 % men were included in the study. The study participants were divided into 4 age groups: under 60 years, 61-70 years, 71-80 years, and over 81 years. It shows that the largest number are patients in the age group 61-70 years (46.81 ± 7.28 %), followed by patients up to 60 years (31.91 ± 6.80 %) and patients 71-80 years (12.77 ± 4.87 %), and the smallest number were patients over 81 years old (8.51 ± 4.07 %). The achieved results give us reason to consider that the articulation of the complete dentures with our proposed methodology ensures the achievement of optimal, harmonious occlusal relationships.
Conclusion: A methodology has been developed to control the occlusion-articulation relationships through the T-SCAN system in treatment with complete denture, which can be used as the method of choice in the presence of technical possibility since optimal, harmonious occlusal relationships can be achieved with it.
Dermatoglyphic Pattern of Feet of Patients with Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Fedorov Serhii , Voronych-Semchenko Nataliia , Ivanochko Vasyl , Hrechyn Andrii , Liampel Valentyna
Published: December 2024

Myocardial infarction is a serious disease that can be fatal. Early detection and prevention are crucial to improve the prognosis of patients. Dermatoglyphic studies, which examine skin patterns on the palms and fingers, can help in the early detection of people who are predisposed to myocardial infarction.
The aim of the study was to determine the dermatoglyphic phenotype of the feet in people with myocardial infarction.
The object of the study was foot dermatoglyphs obtained from 60 male subjects (30 patients with myocardial infarction and 30 healthy men without cardiovascular disease as a control group). The dermatoglyphic method and the method of statistical analysis were used.
It was found that in patients with MI, in contrast to the control group, there were loops on the I, II and III fingers and arcs on the V fingers; a decrease in the frequency of curls on the third toe of the left foot and an increase in the frequency of this pattern on the second toes of both feet; an increase in the value of the comb count in the area of the tibial edge of the foot, with a decrease in the values near the fibular edge of the foot. Thus, dermatoglyphic examination is a simple, inexpensive and non-invasive method that can help in the early detection of people who are predisposed to myocardial infarction. This may help in the development of new methods of screening and prevention of myocardial infarction, which may lead to an improved prognosis for patients.
Study protocol of AUT-MENU project: a bicentric intervention study to improve the meal acceptance of subjects with autism spectrum disorder (Preprint)
Authors: Conti Maria Vittoria , Breda Chiara , Basilico Sara , Sofroniou Angeliki , Ruggeri Stefania , Scalvedi Maria Luisa , Cena Hellas
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often exhibit a low dietary diversity due to Food Selectivity (FS) resulting in various forms of malnutrition such as obesity condition and/or micronutrient deficiency.

OBJECTIVE

The main objective of the AUT-MENU project is to improve meal acceptance of people with ASD. A secondary goal is evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition education course for parents of enrolled subjects to reduce their FS. To these aims, a study has been designed and its protocol is here reported.

METHODS

The study is a bicentric intervention study to be carried out in three center-based services (Pavia and Milan) and two secondary schools (Rome), involving about n=200 participants with ASD from 5 to 35 years old. The study will be divided into an observational phase (T0) and an intervention phase (T1). Biographical data, clinical characteristics and dietary patterns of the enrolled subjects will be assessed at T0. Based on the results obtained at T0 and the nutritional recommendations for individuals with ASD, targeted menus will be developed and tested. At T1 the same tools of T0 will be administered to evaluate the effect of the intervention. Moreover, at T1 a nutrition education course aimed at caregivers will be carried out. To assess the effectiveness of the course, a targeted knowledge questionnaire will be administered before and after the course itself.

RESULTS

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CONCLUSIONS

The researchers expect to observe improved meal acceptance in centers and schools through the targeted menus developed and a reduction FS due to the course followed by the caregivers.

CLINICALTRIAL
Effects of Large Language Model–Based Offerings on the Well-Being of Students: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Selim Rania , Basu Arunima , Anto Ailin , Foscht Thomas , Eisingerich Andreas Benedikt
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

In recent years, the adoption of large language model (LLM) applications, such as ChatGPT, has seen a significant surge, particularly among students. These artificial intelligence–driven tools offer unprecedented access to information and conversational assistance, which is reshaping the way students engage with academic content and manage the learning process. Despite the growing prevalence of LLMs and reliance on these technologies, there remains a notable gap in qualitative in-depth research examining the emotional and psychological effects of LLMs on users’ mental well-being.

OBJECTIVE

In order to address these emerging and critical issues, this study explores the role of LLM-based offerings, such as ChatGPT, in students’ lives, namely, how postgraduate students use such offerings and how they make students feel, and examines the impact on students’ well-being.

METHODS

To address the aims of this study, we employed an exploratory approach, using in-depth, semistructured, qualitative, face-to-face interviews with 23 users (13 female and 10 male users; mean age 23 years, SD 1.55 years) of ChatGPT-4o, who were also university students at the time (inclusion criteria). Interviewees were invited to reflect upon how they use ChatGPT, how it makes them feel, and how it may influence their lives.

RESULTS

The current findings from the exploratory qualitative interviews showed that users appreciate the functional support (8/23, 35%), escapism (8/23, 35%), and fantasy fulfillment (7/23, 30%) they receive from LLM-based offerings, such as ChatGPT, but at the same time, such usage is seen as a “double-edged sword,” with respondents indicating anxiety (8/23, 35%), dependence (11/23, 48%), concerns about deskilling (12/23, 52%), and angst or pessimism about the future (11/23, 48%).

CONCLUSIONS

This study employed exploratory in-depth interviews to examine how the usage of LLM-based offerings, such as ChatGPT, makes users feel and assess the effects of using LLM-based offerings on mental well-being. The findings of this study show that students used ChatGPT to make their lives easier and felt a sense of cognitive escapism and even fantasy fulfillment, but this came at the cost of feeling anxious and pessimistic about the future.
Health system-level implementation of digital health support for people living with HIV and substance use disorders: Protocol for a cluster-randomized, stepped-wedge clinical trial (Preprint)
Authors: Westergaard Ryan P , Ballard Hailey K , Gicquelais Rachel E , Firnhaber Cynthia , Miller Rebecca , Wolman Melanie , Liebert Cameron , Steely Emily , Mundt Marlon , Park Linda , Quanbeck Andrew
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

People living with HIV who are affected by substance use disorders and other social vulnerabilities are less likely to achieve and sustain viral suppression. Supporting these patients with mobile health systems can provide additional social and behavioral support that may improve HIV outcomes in these populations.

OBJECTIVE

To implement and evaluate an evidence-based digital health system (ART-C) to improve HIV viral suppression and reduce missed clinic visits within a multi-site HIV care program.

METHODS

ART-C will be implemented within eight HIV Medical Home clinics operated by Vivent Health in Colorado, Missouri, Texas, and Wisconsin. All patients receiving HIV care across the system will be invited to use a customized version of the Connections smartphone app to join a virtual community of peers living with HIV. A subset of patients with substance use disorder will be recruited to use enhanced features of the app allowing sharing of information about substance use and other social determinants of health with their care team. Effectiveness and implementation outcomes will be evaluated using a stepped-wedge clinical trial design. Effectiveness will be evaluated by comparing missed visits and viral non-suppression rates from pre- versus post-intervention. Implementation will be evaluated using a mixed-methods approach based on the RE-AIM framework.

RESULTS

Of the 6,710 patients with health record data available two years before the trial began, 1,723 had a substance use disorder, 2,825 missed at least two care visits, and 1,354 had at least one detectable HIV RNA test (viral load ≥ 200 copies/mL), leaving 3,816 eligible individuals. Analysis of pre-implementation data demonstrated that patients had a mean of 4.1-7.8 care visits across all 8 Vivent Health sites, with 45-70% of patients missing at least 1 visit. Patients had a mean of 2.2-4 HIV RNA tests, with 14-37% of patients across clinics with at least one non-suppressed HIV RNA test.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will evaluate effectiveness and implementation strategies for a mobile health-based intervention to support patients affected by HIV, substance use disorder, and related challenges with engaging in care and achieving viral suppression.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT06109571
ENHANCING SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH SLUM SETTLEMENT UPGRADING. CASE STUDY OF KAMPUNG MOJO, SURAKARTA.
Authors: Fikrian Rafika Dewi  , Yenni Yosita br Barus  , Findara Illa Nursyifa  , Asri Ambar Kinasih  , Ardhya Nareswari  , Ahmad Sarwadi
Published: December 2024

The redevelopment of Kampung Mojo is one collaborative design project aimed at improving the quality of slum settlement by supporting basic infrastructure and providing housing. This study focuses on three pillars of sustainability: social, economic, and environmental, by exploring the usage of outdoor space following the upgrading process. The objective is to gather insights that cater to the community's needs and foster the realization of sustainable settlement. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive with data collection techniques through observation and interviews. The findings of this study underscore a diverse array of activities that yield positive implications for raising the sense of communities, creating new economic opportunities, and productive land usage to achieve Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs).
Research on the Optimization Path of Psychological Health Level for Young College Teachers
Authors: Yan Wang He , Fei Tang , Li Juan Wang
Published: December 2024

With the development of higher education, young teachers have become an important force in teaching and research in universities. However, the occupational pressure, life difficulties, and personal development issues they face have had a certain impact on their mental health. This article aims to explore the current situation of the mental health level of young university teachers, analyze its influencing factors, and propose corresponding optimization paths. The mental health issues of young university teachers cannot be ignored and require comprehensive intervention from multiple dimensions such as organizational, individual, and social support. The article concludes with specific suggestions such as establishing a mental health education system, improving career development mechanisms, and enhancing social support systems, in order to improve the mental health level of young teachers in universities.