bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourist movements in the area of exceptional characteristics "Great War Island"
Authors: Busić Jovana , Božinović Milijan
Published: July 2023

Due to the global pandemic caused by the covid-19 virus, tourism as an activity has experienced a sharp decline worldwide over the past three years. The impact of the pandemic was felt in all activities and sectors, and the consequences for tourism in Serbia are only now being remedied. In 2020, most countries in the world have taken measures in the form of entry bans and border closures to prevent the spread of infection. The measures taken in 2020 and the following two years had a very negative impact on the hospitality industry and tourism. During this period, the development of many forms of tourism slowed down or came to a complete halt. The area of exceptional features (hereinafter PIO) "Great War Island" represents a significant tourist resource of Serbia and a preserved natural space within the urban area, so it is suitable for the development of urban ecotourism, as a special form of ecotourism. Ecotourism, which attaches importance to the people, environment and culture in this area, was already in development before the pandemic. The main objective of the work is to assess whether and to what extent the pandemic has influenced the tourist movements towards the PIO "Great War Island". For this purpose, a questionnaire was formulated and surveys were conducted. It is important to point out, based on the research results obtained, as well as the data collected in the years preceding the pandemic, the implementation of specific activities aimed at continuing the development, especially the harvested ecotourism, in the area. The results obtained through the advantages and disadvantages presented can be used by those working in the tourism sector and receptive travel agencies to overcome the crisis more easily and to design a better tourist offer.
El Correo electrónico, como medio de intrusión del Phishing y fraude informático
Authors: Chipana Fernandez Yolanda Maribel Mercedes , Osco Escobedo Miguel Angel , Quispe Ichpas Ruben , Nieto Fernández Gaby Jessica , Garcia Quispe ladys Beatríz , Cerna Dante Aliaga
Published: July 2023

tigación fue identificar y examinar la mejor evidencia científica disponible en relación con el electrónico y del phishing como medio de intrusión ilegal, modalidad incidida del fraude informático. Esta revisión teórica con fuentes secundarias se realizó bajo la metodología de analisis sistemático, disponible en la base de datos Scopus, Scielo, Web of Science, Pro Quest, Redalyc, Ebsco y latindex, de forma gratuita y en español de los últimos 5 años. Se utilizó la búsqueda y verificación de producción científica filtrando los términos de: “correo electrónico”, “cibecrimen”, “phishing”, y “fraude informático”, descartándose artículos que hayan sido publicados en el 2017 o antes, y que no estén disponibles para su descarga gratuita. De los resultados obtenidos se desprende que el análisis y discusión de cada uno de los artículos, evidenció la importancia de cultivar una conciencia de seguridad en el empleo y manejo de los correos electrónicos, estableciéndose una cultura digital con medidas acertadas para prevenir el ataque de phishing en perjuicio de personas y organizaciones, evitando las consecuencias del fraude informático que en la actualidad es el ciberdelito con mayor incidencia en cibercriminalidad.
Aplikasi Database Untuk Mengelola Persediaan Barang di Toko Baju D’Clothing Menggunakan Pendekatan Entity Relationship Chart
Authors: Zerlinda Frea Marva , Zulfa Zaidan Muhammad , Fisrawati  , Hadias Safitri Novia , Fathan Nabil Al-Badi Muhammad
Published: July 2023

D’Clothing  store is one of the clothing stores located in Bogor that provides many choices for various ages, both women and men. Based on the interviews, D'Clothing store had some troubles in product management, starting from inventory data, suppliers data, sales data, et cetera. To overcome this problem, a new system is needed to facilitate management by utilizing technological products, which as creating a database. The output of this database is to make a form containing the name, stock, color, size, code, and price of the goods. In its preparation, there are several obstacles such as data being out of sync between the main table and other tables when building a relationship. After being analyzed, this issue happens due to the wrong placement of the primary key and records between tables. Another error is found in the placement of the formula when building the Query design. Therefore, it takes precision and logic to find a way out.
Gaúcho
Authors: Trachtenberg Ana Rosa Chait , Costa Magda Beatriz Martins , Goldfeld Patricia Rivoire Menelli , Hart Suzana
Published: July 2023

As autoras descrevem o processo multidisciplinar de elaboração do vídeo Corpo no Minuto, cuja proposta era colocar em 60 segundos um tema ligado ao corpo. O vídeo denominado Gaúcho: corpo estrangeiro?5 foi finalizado após cinco meses de calorosas e intensas discussões semanais entre três psicanalistas da SBPdePA e uma designer. Durante os encontros, procurou-se encontrar um foco e um suporte para a questão do estrangeiro e também se transitou por diferentes autores da psicanálise e outras áreas. Discutiu-se o material encontrado em fotos antigas de índios, de negros e das principais correntes migratórias do Rio Grande do Sul e, para mostrar o panorama atual, providenciaram-se fotos e vídeos com entrevistas aleatórias, com a pergunta: teus pais e teus avós, de onde são? Após a conclusão do vídeo, a inquietação das autoras foi para a clínica, com os questionamentos: Como aparece na clínica este estrangeirismo? Esta mistura étnica do gaúcho do Rio Grande do Sul aparece como herança da qual o sujeito se apropria? Aparece como um segredo transgeracional? É possível dar um nome ao fenômeno que, com frequência, observa-se na clínica psicanalítica do RS, em tratamentos individuais, familiares e/ou de casal: a dificuldade no reconhecimento das origens étnicas?
Memória de mágoas
Authors: Francischelli Leonardo Adalberto
Published: July 2023

O autor, em “Memória de Mágoas”, desenvolve a idéia de uma memória que retém as “feridas narcisistas”, registradas na construção do aparelho psíquico. Argumenta que essa “memória magoada” ressurge na transferência como repetição e, às vezes, com uma intensidade indesejada. Finaliza seu texto, perguntando sobre as possibilidades de cura ou de elaboração dessas marcas castratórias, fixadas à memória, no processo terapêutico. E indica um caminho possível, através do trabalho sobre o luto que essas mágoas condensam.
Elfriede Susana Lustig de Ferrer na SBPdePA
Authors: Lustig de Ferrer Elfriede Susana
Published: July 2023

Entrevista concedida pela Dra. Elfriede Susana Lustig de Ferreraos Drs. Júlio Campos, AugustaHeller, Cesar Antunes e Laura W. da Rosa, durante um café-da-manhã noHotel Cesar Palace, por ocasião da visita do Comitê à Sociedade Brasileira de Psicanálise de Porto Alegre, em maio/98.
retorno do pai na democracia
Authors: Oliveira Cassiano Carlos Antônio de
Published: July 2023

Neste artigo vamos investigar como o assassinato do Pai da horda primeva possibilita a nova ordem social instaurada pelos irmãos, tendo como pilares a proibição do assassinato e do incesto. Este Pai morto ainda paira nos meandros do inconsciente sob uma dupla fantasia. De um lado, há o medo de que os poderes onipotentes deste Pai assassinado sejam reinvestidos em uma outra figura ou forma de organização totalitária do Estado. Por outro lado, há a fantasia de investimento dos poderes deste Pai primevo na figura de um político, ou candidato, sob a garantia de que agora o Estado irá coibir qualquer tentativa de despotismo por meio dos seus aparatos regulamentadores. Analisaremos também como psicanálise e política pensam a estrutura do convívio social através da introjeção da culpa. Mostraremos, ainda, como o estado faz uso da agressividade, e se esta é uma atitude “política” no sentido lícito do termo.
Ethos
Authors: Tortorelli María Alejandra
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo aborda el tema de la adopción y de la fertilización asistida, no desde la familiaridad de los lugares y los lugares de lo familiar — la propiedad de lo propio y la ajenidad de lo otro, lo natural y lo artificial, lo familiar y lo extraño — sino desde la noción de ética concebida como la morada que el habitar — “ethos” — implica. Una ética de lo propio trae violencia. La adopción y la fertilización asistida plantean un problema ético no porque sean ellas mismas un problema de ajenidad sino porque dislocan la propiedad de lo propio.
É possível ajudar um assassino? Reflexões a partir do documentário O ato de matar, de Joshua Oppenheimer
Authors: Reis Ramon Castro
Published: July 2023

Na década de 1960, ocorreu, na Indonésia, uma onda de assassinatos perpetrada não somente pelas forças armadas desse país, como também por esquadrões da morte formados por populares. Tais eventos, denominados de “genocídio indonésio”, por conta do regime ditatorial vigente, só recentemente puderam ser investigados. O diretor Joshua Openheimer havia planejado filmar a história dos descendentes dos mortos para um documentário, mas o número de assassinos que se apresentaram para explicitamente descrever seus atos foi tão grande que ele mudou seu foco. Surgiu daí o longa-metragem O Ato de Matar, composto pelos relatos e pelas encenações daqueles que perpetraram as mortes. A partir da leitura da obra em questão, o autor deste artigo faz uma breve revisão histórica dos eventos, descreve as tentativas de sua compreensão, aborda os possíveis elementos que favoreceram os massacres, confronta os sintomas dos assassinos com o binômio saúde/doença e reflete se seria possível (e de que maneira) ajudar tais pessoas.
Growth of Private Equity and Hospital Consolidation in Primary Care and Price Implications
Authors: Singh Yashaswini , Radhakrishnan Nandita , Adler Loren , Whaley Christopher
Published: January 2025

Importance

Consolidation of physician practices by hospitals and private equity (PE) firms has increased rapidly. This trend is of particular importance within primary care. Despite its significance, there is no systematic evidence on the emerging trends in ownership affiliation of primary care physicians (PCPs) and its association with prices paid for physician services.

Objective

To describe trends in hospital affiliation and PE affiliation in primary care and examine variation in negotiated prices paid by commercial insurers to hospital-affiliated, PE-affiliated, and independent PCPs.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Data from PitchBook and IQVIA were used to examine hospital and PE affiliation PCPs. PCPs and their affiliations were linked to novel cross-sectional Transparency in Coverage data. A total of 226.6 million negotiated prices were analyzed for evaluation and management office visits (Current Procedural Terminology codes 99202 to 99205 and 99212 to 99215) across 4 national insurers (Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Cigna, and United Healthcare). Linear regressions were used to examine the association between hospital-affiliated, PE-affiliated, and independent PCPs and cross-sectional prices paid for physician services, with fixed effects for service, state, and insurers. Data were collected from January to June 2024, and data were analyzed from July to October 2024.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The proportion of PCPs that are affiliated with hospitals and PE from 2009 to 2022. Using cross-sectional data from 2022, negotiated prices paid to physicians (physician professional fee) for office visits.

Results

A total of 198 097 PCPs were analyzed. PCPs affiliated with hospitals increased from 25.2% (28 216 of 111 793) in 2009 to 47.9% in 2022 (82 890 of 172 964). Over the same period, 1.5% (2483 of 172 964) of PCPs became affiliated with PE firms. Relative to independent PCPs, negotiated prices for office visits were $14.91 (95% CI, 8.92-27.64) or 10.7% (95% CI, 10.1-11.4) higher for hospital-affiliated PCPs (P < .001) and $9.56 (95% CI, 2.24-14.55) or 7.8% (95% CI, 4.7-10.8) higher for PE-affiliated PCPs (P < .001).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cross-sectional study, nearly one-half of all PCPs were affiliated with hospitals, while PE-affiliated PCPs were growing and concentrated in certain regional markets. Relative to PCPs in independent settings, hospital-affiliated PCPs and PE-affiliated PCPs had higher prices for the same services.
Health Care Utilization and Costs for Older Adults Aging Into Medicare After the Affordable Care Act
Authors: Tipirneni Renuka , Roberts Eric T. , Levy Helen G. , Stefanescu Andrei R. , Langa Kenneth M. , Zivin Kara , Maust Donovan T. , Ayanian John Z.
Published: January 2025

Importance

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) expanded Medicaid and Marketplace insurance to nonelderly adults in 2014, but whether these policies improved outcomes later in life is unknown.

Objective

To examine whether exposure to ACA expansions during middle age (50-64 years) was associated with changes in health, utilization, and spending after these adults entered Medicare at 65 years of age.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This serial analysis of the Health and Retirement Study cohort linked to Medicare enrollment and claims data from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2018. Adults aged 65 to 68 years entering Medicare after the ACA (exposed to ACA expansions during middle age) were compared with adults entering Medicare before the ACA (4452 person-years). Interrupted time series analyses were used to assess overall changes associated with exposure to ACA expansions and difference-in-differences analyses to isolate changes associated with Medicaid expansion among low-income adults (incomes ≤400% of the federal poverty level for any ACA coverage and ≤138% for Medicaid expansion coverage). Data were analyzed from March 1, 2023, to May 1, 2024.

Exposures

ACA coverage expansion overall in 2014 and Medicaid expansion as of 2018.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Health (self-reported overall, activities of daily living [ADL], instrumental ADL, and depressive symptoms), utilization (outpatient visits, emergency department visits, and hospital admission), and costs (self-reported out-of-pocket and Medicare costs).

Results

Among the analytic sample of 2782 participants (mean age, 66.4 [95% CI, 66.3-66.5] years), a weighted 59.1% (95% CI, 55.3%-62.7%) were female. In interrupted time series analyses, reductions across cohorts were found in use of chronic disease medications (−5.0 [95% CI, −9.8 to −0.3] percentage points), hospitalizations per year (−0.2 [95% CI, −0.4 to −0.03]), and out-of-pocket costs (−$417 [95% CI, −$694 to −$139]) but no significant changes across cohorts in health status, outpatient or emergency visits, or Medicare costs. In difference-in-differences analyses relative to nonexpansion states, greater reductions were found in the number of ADL limitations (−0.4 [95% CI, −0.8 to −0.02]) and lesser reductions in out-of-pocket costs ($900 [95% CI, $275-$1526]) in Medicaid expansion states but otherwise similar changes in other outcomes.

Conclusions and Relevance

This study found modest evidence of reductions in out-of-pocket costs and improvements in health among adults entering Medicare after the ACA. Insurance coverage and financial assistance should be preserved and enhanced to improve health and health care access among vulnerable older adults.
Estimated Burden of Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in US Adults, 2020 to 2050
Authors: Le Phuc , Tatar Moosa , Dasarathy Srinivasan , Alkhouri Naim , Herman William H. , Taksler Glen B. , Deshpande Abhishek , Ye Wen , Adekunle Olajide A. , McCullough Arthur , Rothberg Michael B.
Published: January 2025

Importance

Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and is projected to become the leading indication for liver transplant (LT) in the US. Understanding its clinical burden can help to identify opportunities for prevention and treatment.

Objective

To project the burden of MASLD in US adults from 2020 to 2050.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This decision analytical modeling study used an agent-based state transition model that simulates the natural history of MASLD progression among adults 18 years of age or older. Primary data sources for model inputs were the published literature.

Exposure

Natural history of MASLD.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Cases of MASLD, metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (MASH), fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), LT, and liver-related death.

Results

The model simulated 2 821 624 individuals (mean age. 35.8 years; 50.9% female). The model predicted a steady increase in the prevalence of MASLD from 33.7% (86.3 million people) in 2020 to 41.4% (121.9 million people) by 2050. Cases of MASH would increase from 14.9 million (5.8% of US adults) in 2020 to 23.2 million (7.9% of US adults) by 2050. The number of cases of MASH and clinically significant fibrosis (ie, F≥F2, centrilobular and periportal fibrosis or more severe disease) were estimated to increase from 6.7 million to 11.7 million. By 2046 to 2050, MASLD would cause 22 440 new cases of HCC and 6720 new cases of LT per year compared with 11 483 new cases of HCC and 1717 new cases of LT in 2020 to 2025. Liver-related mortality was estimated to increase from 30 500 deaths (1.0% of all-cause deaths in adults) in 2020 to 95 300 deaths (2.4%) in 2050.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this decision analytical modeling study, the model forecast a substantial increase in clinical burden of MASLD over the next 3 decades in the absence of effective treatments. These results suggest that health systems should plan for large increases in the number of HCC cases and in the need for LT.
Hierarchical Composite Polyimide Aerogels with Hyperbranched Siloxane for High Electromagnetic Wave Absorption
Authors: Xu Yang , Tan Ruiyang , Jiang Xiaolin , Bo Luwei , Wang Yandong , Xu Haocheng , Chen Ping , Xi Kai
Published: January 2025

Hierarchical pore structures offer a promising strategy for developing high‐performance electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials with a broad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, reflection loss −10 dB) and reduced thickness. In this work, hyperbranched siloxane (HBPSi), featuring unparalleled 3D structure and high thermal stability, is integrated into polyimide (PI)/carbon nanotube (CNT) composite aerogels to fabricate a hierarchical pore architecture simply, resulting composite PI aerogels with macro‐mesoporous structures exhibit exceptional EMW absorption, excellent mechanical properties, and low thermal conductivities, even with a minimal CNT content of just 7.45 wt.%. This intricate hierarchical pore structure of composite PI aerogels optimizes impedance matching with air, signifying augmented multiple reflections and scattering in the 3D porous structure, thus, the composite PI aerogel with a low density (0.123 g cm−3), minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −51.13 dB and an EAB of 4.4 GHz at a matching thickness of 3.4 mm. The innovative construction of PI/CNT composite aerogels featuring hierarchical structures provides a promising avenue for the advancement of high‐efficiency EMW absorption materials.
Nitrogen Defects and Interfacial Chemical Bonds in Fe Single‐Site Mediated C3N4 With Rod‐Like Fe2O3 Enhanced the S‐Scheme Heterojunction for Efficient Energy Conversion
Authors: Wang Xinglin , Zhang Huihui , Huang Yamei , Gao Linlin , Zhang Yu , Meng Jiayi , Liao Yifan , Zong Baoning , Dai Wei‐Lin , Li Hexing
Published: January 2025

The rational design of S‐scheme heterojunctions holds significant potential for efficient photocatalytic energy conversion, attributed to their enhanced carrier separation efficiency and high redox capacity. Nevertheless, achieving precise control and transfer dynamics in S‐scheme heterojunctions remains a substantial challenge. Herein, a unique architecture is devised featuring porous rod‐shaped Fe2O3 particles loaded onto Fe single‐sites modified g‐C3N4 nanosheets via single‐sites mediated heterocomponent anchorage, achieving the directed growth of Fe2O3 using Fe single‐sites in g‐C3N4 as anchoring points, thereby forming O─Fe─N interfacial chemical bonds (ICBs) and generating abundant nitrogen defects (FeO/FeCN‐Nv). Photophysical processes are further investigated using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (fs‐TAS) and in situ irradiated X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ISI‐XPS) with an adjustable wavelength irradiation light source. Encouragingly, the results reveal an enhanced internal electric field (IEF) is constructed at these semicoherent phase boundaries, creating an asymmetrical charge distribution. Simultaneously, Nv defects introduce an additional defect level that accelerates electron transfer through the IEF, enabling more rapid migration to surface‐active sites for both photocatalytic styrene epoxidation and hydrogen evolution. The synergistic effect of ICBs and defects coupling in regulating carrier transfer offers new insights into enhanced photocatalysis, paving the way for further advancements in energy conversion.
Electrically Detachable and Fully Recyclable Pressure Sensitive Ionoadhesive Tapes
Authors: Yue Qilin , Lv Jiahao , Huang Shuangyan , Guo Youfa , Wang Yanan , Liu Jin , Sun Shijie , Wang Ming , Wang Shanlin , Wei Yong
Published: January 2025

Detachable pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) show great potential in recycling the bonded components toward a circular economy, yet the existing challenges such as strict conditions, and time‐consuming, adhesive residues after detachment significantly hinder the developments and applications. Here, a pressure sensitive ionoadhesive (PSIA) tape is first designed that has excellent interfacial toughness to various substrates (≈1.8 kJ m−2) yet can be electrically detached with high efficiency under safe voltages (≥90% within 1 min). The unique properties are achieved by introducing liquid‐free lithium salt into poly(ionic liquids) to establish multiple non‐covalent interactions (NCIs) including strong electrostatic interactions, moderate lithium bonds, weak ion‐dipole interactions, and hydrogen bonding interactions. The multiple NCIs not only strengthen the physical crosslinking networks to improve the mechanical performances but promote the dissociation of lithium salt to improve the ion transport properties. Additionally, the elaborately designed low Tg and intrinsic low modulus features endow the PSIA tape adhesion with excellent reworkability, recyclability, and re‐adhesion ability. It is believed this work offers a new strategy for designing electrically detachable and fully recyclable PSIA tapes, which facilitates the reuse and recycling of the bonded components and reduces industrial waste.
Circadian Rhythm Disruption Exacerbates Autoimmune Uveitis: The Essential Role of PER1 in Treg Cell Metabolic Support for Stability and Function
Authors: Zhu Wenjie , Chen Guanyu , Xiao Zhiqiang , Wang Minzhen , Li Zhuang , Shi Yuxun , Luo Xiaohui , Li Zuoyi , Huang Haixiang , Chen Xiaoqing , Liang Lingyi , Liang Dan
Published: January 2025

Circadian rhythm plays a critical role in the progression of autoimmune diseases. While our previous study demonstrated the therapeutic effects of melatonin in experimental autoimmune uveitis, the involvement of circadian rhythm remained unclear. Using a light‐induced circadian rhythm disruption model, we showed that disrupted circadian rhythms exacerbate autoimmune uveitis by impairing the stability and function of Treg cells. Mechanistically, we identified the core clock gene Per1, which is significantly reduced under circadian disruption, is essential for Treg cell metabolism and immunoregulatory function. This study underscores the pivotal role of circadian rhythm‐related Treg cells in autoimmune disease progression.
Perfluorohexane Sulfonic Acid Disrupts the Immune Microenvironment for Spermatogenesis by Damaging the Structure of the Blood‐Testis Barrier in Mice
Authors: Zhang Yan , Shu Mingxue , Shan Shilin , Liu Huiying , Zhang Yucheng , Song Chenyang , Xu Qiaoqiao , Fan Yun , Lu Chuncheng
Published: January 2025

Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) is extensively used in waterproof coatings and fire‐fighting foams, and several studies have found it to be a potential health hazard, but there is still unknown about its effects on spermatogenesis. Our results showed that PFHxS‐treated mice have significant reproductive toxicity, including a decrease in sperm count and motility, and the levels of sex hormones (P < 0.05). Concurrently, structural abnormalities are observed in sperm, affecting ≈60–75% of those in the PFHxS‐treated group. Additionally, it is found that the structure of the blood‐testis barrier (BTB) is damaged after PFHxS treatment, leading to higher expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in the microenvironment for spermatogenesis. Moreover, the expression of proteins associated with mitochondrial biogenesis, including PTEN‐induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), is dysregulated in the testes after PFHxS treatment. Based on metabolome data, the differential metabolite 3‐hydroxybutanoic acid is identified in the PFHxS‐treated group, which can regulate the histone Kac levels, especially H3K4ac and H3K9ac. In summary, the results of this study suggest that in the testes of PFHxS‐treated mice, inflammatory factors disrupt the mitochondrial function and metabolic profiles and hinder the progress of gene transcription through histone Kac, ultimately causing sperm dysfunction.
ABCA6 Regulates Chondrogenesis and Inhibits Joint Degeneration via Orchestrated Cholesterol Efflux and Cellular Senescence
Authors: Wang Yi , Wu Qiang , You Yongqing , Jiang Wenbo , Fu Peiliang , Dai Kerong , Sun Ye
Published: January 2025

Patellar dysplasia (PD) can cause patellar dislocation and subsequent osteoarthritis (OA) development. Herein, a novel ABCA6 mutation contributing to a four‐generation family with familiar patellar dysplasia (FPD) is identified. In this study, whole exome sequencing (WES) and genetic linkage analysis across a four‐generation lineage presenting with six cases of FPD are conducted. A disease‐causing mutation in ABCA6 is identified for FPD. Further analyses reveal a consistent correlation between ABCA6 expression downregulation and PD occurrence, chondrocyte degeneration, and OA onset. Moreover, ABCA6‐KO mice demonstrate severe knee joint degeneration and accelerated OA progression. Besides, synovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) are extracted from WT, ABCA6−/+, and ABCA6−/− mice to create chondrogenic organoids in vitro, confirming ABCA6 deficiency can lead to chondrocyte degeneration via modulating cell cycle and activating cellular senescence. Moreover, transcriptome and metabolomic sequencing analysis on ABCA6‐KO chondrocytes unveils that the ABCA6 deficiency inhibits cholesterol efflux, leading to intracellular cholesterol accumulation and subsequent cellular senescence and impaired chondrogenesis.A disease‐causing mutation of ABCA6 is identified for FPD. ABCA6 is correlated with PD occurrence and subsequent OA progression. ABCA6 can serve as a potential target in chondrogenesis and OA treatment by orchestrated intracellular cholesterol efflux and delayed cellular senescence.
CircDNA2‐Educated YTHDF2 Phase Separation Promotes PM2.5‐Induced Malignant Transformation Through the Blunting of GADD45A Expression
Authors: Xu Jie , Ling Zhi , Yin Lijia , Xu Duo , Wu Shenshen , Chen Rui
Published: January 2025

Substantial epidemiological evidence suggests a significant correlation between particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and lung cancer. However, the mechanism underlying this association needs to be further elucidated. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as an important topic in the field of epigenetics and are involved in various cancers. This study aimed to explore the molecular basis of PM2.5‐induced lung cancer from an epigenetic perspective and identify potential biomarkers. Initially, the construction of a chronic PM2.5 exposure model confirmed that PM2.5 exposure promoted the malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells. Mechanistically, abnormally upregulated circDNA2 inhibited the tumor suppressor gene growth arrest and DNA damage 45 alpha (GADD45A) mRNA in an N6‐methyladenosine (m6A)‐dependent manner, mediated by YTH N6‐Methyladenosine RNA Binding Protein F2 (YTHDF2) after PM2.5 exposure. Further analyses revealed that circDNA2 can specifically bind to the YTHDF2 LC domain to promote YTHDF2 protein liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), providing sufficient evidence linking LLPS and particulate pollutant‐induced tumorigenesis. In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the role of circDNA2 in PM2.5‐induced lung cancer and confirms its clinical value as a potential prognostic biomarker for lung cancer.
An Evaluation of the Impact of Genetic Counseling on Adherence to the 2011 American Academy of Pediatrics Health Supervision Guidelines for Children With Down Syndrome
Authors: Mainville Brooke , Flore Leigh Anne , Carmany Erin P.
Published: January 2025

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) health supervision guidelines for children with Down syndrome are important for preventative and symptom‐based care. Studies, however, have shown low overall adherence to these care recommendations due to a lack of provider familiarity, inaccessibility of a medical home, and caregiver burden. In a population of children with Down syndrome, using a retrospective chart review, we evaluated overall patient adherence to the medical components of the 2011 AAP guidelines, along with potential influencing factors, to determine if there was a difference in adherence between those who had genetic counseling and those who had not. Among 106 subjects meeting our study criteria, adherence rates were higher on average in six domains of health supervision (62% vs. 45%) in those that had genetic counseling compared with those that had not. Although adherence to supervision recommendations is likely impacted by numerous factors, genetic counseling may be one factor associated with increased adherence to medical recommendations for a pediatric population with Down syndrome. Encouraging caregivers of individuals with Down syndrome to undergo genetic counseling may lead to improved adherence to the health supervision guidelines.
Estimated pulse wave velocity associated with cognitive phenotypes in a rural older population in China: A cohort study
Authors: Li Jiahui , Ren Yifei , Wang Lidan , Zou Xinrui , Ding Xueran , Hou Tingting , Zhang Qinghua , Tang Shi , Han Xiaojuan , Song Lin , Liang Yajun , Wang Yongxiang , Cong Lin , Du Yifeng , Qiu Chengxuan
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION

To examine the longitudinal association between estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) and cognitive phenotypes in a rural Chinese older population.

METHODS

This population‐based study included 1857 dementia‐free participants (age ≥60 years) who were examined in 2014 and followed in 2018. ePWV was calculated using age and mean blood pressure (MBP). Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) and neuropsychological tests. Dementia was diagnosed following the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM‐IV) criteria. Data were analyzed using Cox proportional‐hazards models, linear regression models, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves.

RESULTS

Per 1‐m/s increase in ePWV was associated with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 1.51(1.30–1.75) for dementia and 1.58(1.33–1.89) for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and with an MMSE score decline (adjusted β‐coefficient = −0.36; 95% CI = −0.52 to −0.21). A nonlinear association was observed between baseline ePWV and follow‐up cognitive scores.

DISCUSSION

A higher ePWV is associated with an increased risk of dementia, AD, accelerated cognitive decline, and poorer cognitive performance in older adults.

Highlights

An increased estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) was associated with incident dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and accelerated cognitive decline in a rural Chinese older population.

A higher ePWV at baseline was associated with lower scores of global cognition and multiple cognitive domains at the 4‐year follow‐up.

An increased ePWV may be a risk factor for dementia and accelerated cognitive deterioration in aging.
White matter hyperintensities and TDP‐43 pathology in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Carlos Arenn F. , Weigand Stephen D. , Pham Nha Trang Thu , Petersen Ronald C. , Jack Clifford R. , Dickson Dennis W. , Whitwell Jennifer L. , Josephs Keith A.
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION

Greater white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are seen with transactive response DNA‐binding protein 43 (TDP‐43) pathology in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD‐TDP). WMH associations with TDP‐43 pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD‐TDP) remain unclear.

METHODS

A total of 157 participants from Mayo Clinic Rochester with autopsy‐confirmed AD, known TDP‐43 status, and antemortem fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI were included. Vascular risk factors were assessed. A semi‐automated WMH segmentation‐quantification process produced total and regional WMH volumes. Penalized linear regression models adjusting for age at MRI analyzed TDP‐43 associations (status and typing) with WMHs.

RESULTS

TDP‐43‐positive status was not associated with WMH burden overall because opposite effects were seen based on AD‐TDP typing. Despite similar antemortem vascular risk factors and postmortem vascular pathologies, AD‐TDP type‐α showed greater total and regional WMH burden (particularly in subcortical frontotemporal and basal ganglia regions) than TDP‐43 negatives and AD‐TDP type‐β.

DISCUSSION

AD‐TDP types may have different WMH pathomechanisms, with type‐α having associations more like FTLD‐TDP than AD.

Highlights

In transactive response DNA‐binding protein 43 (TDP‐43) pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD‐TDP), TDP‐43 status alone is not associated with total or regional WMH burden

AD‐TDP type‐α shows greater total, frontotemporal subcortical, and basal ganglia white matter hyperintensities (WMHs)

AD‐TDP type‐β shows less total and subcortical occipital WMHs

AD‐TDP type‐α effect on WMH burden closely mimics the effects of frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP‐43 (FTLD‐TDP) rather than AD

Different relationships of AD‐TDP types with WMHs suggest different pathomechanisms
Genetic and Morphometric Support for the Atlantic Pygmy Devil Ray, Mobula hypostoma (Bancroft, 1831), in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Humble Emily , Boggio‐Pasqua Atlantine , Kamla Aristide Takoukam , Bassos‐Hull Kim , Bergacker Stephen , Gose Marc‐Alexander , Hilbourne Simon , Laglbauer Betty , Martinez‐Lopez Ana , Fogwan Cedrick , Biankeu Cedric I. , Stevens Guy M. W. , Notarbartolo di Sciara Giuseppe
Published: January 2025

Manta and devil rays are a diverse group of globally endangered elasmobranchs with a complicated taxonomic history. The emergence of genomic techniques has significantly improved our understanding of species units in the group, yet there is one species of devil ray for which uncertainty remains. Mobula rochebrunei (Vaillant, 1879), a pygmy devil ray inhabiting tropical waters of the eastern Atlantic, was recently synonymised with Mobula hypostoma (Bancroft, 1831), its western Atlantic counterpart. However, since there have been no sightings of the species in West and Central Africa for several decades, the revision was based on limited data, and further investigation was recommended. A dedicated monitoring effort in Cameroon recently led to the rare discovery of three pygmy devil rays, providing a unique opportunity to build on recent work. We use a combination of MinION sequencing and morphometric analysis to provide confirmation that pygmy devil rays on both sides of the Atlantic constitute the same species. Crucially, our work highlights the persistence of pygmy devil rays in West Africa despite concerns of disappearance and emphasises the need for urgent conservation action to avoid local extinction.
The Effect of K‐doping on Activation in Co‐Free Li‐Rich Cathodes
Authors: Seaby Trent , Lin Tongen , Huang Xia , Baktash Ardeshir , Wang Lianzhou
Published: January 2025

The activation mechanism of Li‐rich cathode has been discussed for many years, yet there is still debate on different theories. Potassium doping can assist the investigation on activation mechanism through its unique function in terms of blocking TM migration during activation.   K‐doping works by occupying Li sites even after Li has been extracted, increasing stability by blocking transition metals from migrating into these sites, which can help us distinguish the pathway of activation.  We use in‐situ XRD to show that K‐doping significantly lowers the rate of transition metal migration during initial charging, and that this is correlated with less activation extent.  However, the ex‐situ XAS results show that anionic redox is more reversible in the K‐doped material.  These results cannot be easily explained by existing theories alone; therefore, we propose that K‐doping hinders TM migration during activation and therefore favours a Reductive Coupling Mechanism over a dynamic TM migration mechanism.  These findings have significant practical and theoretical implications for the development of Lithium‐Rich cathodes.
The MIR181A2HG/miR‐5680/VCAN‐CD44 Axis Regulates Gastric Cancer Lymph Node Metastasis by Promoting M2 Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Zang Weijie , Yang Yongpu , Chen Junjie , Mao Qinsheng , Xue Wanjiang , Hu Yilin
Published: January 2025

Background

Lymphatic metastasis in gastric cancer (GC) profoundly influences its prognosis, but the precise mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we identified the long noncoding RNA MIR181A2HG as being upregulated in GC and associated with LNs metastasis and prognosis.

Methods

The expression of MIR181A2HG in GC was identified through bioinformatics screening analysis and qRT‐PCR validation. Both in vitro and in vivo functional studies revealed that MIR181A2HG facilitates lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. Techniques such as immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, qRT‐PCR, ELISA, CHIP, RNA‐pulldown, luciferase reporter assay, and Co‐IP were employed to investigate the mechanism of MIR181A2HG in LNs metastasis of GC.

Results

MIR181A2HG overexpressed in GC signifies an unfavorable prognosis and drives M2 polarization of TAMs enhancing lymphangiogenesis. Mechanistically, MIR181A2HG/miR‐5680 axis as a novel ceRNA regulatory axis to upregulate versican (VCAN). On one hand, VCAN interacts with CD44 receptors on the surface of TAMs through paracrine secretion, promoting M2 macrophage polarization and subsequently enhancing the secretion of VEGF‐C, ultimately facilitating lymphangiogenesis. On the other hand, VCAN binds to CD44 receptors on the surface of GC cells through autocrine secretion, activating the Hippo pathway and upregulating SP1, thereby promoting the transcription of MIR181A2HG and establishing a feedback loop driving lymphatic metastasis.

Conclusion

This study highlights the pivotal role of MIR181A2HG in GC progression and LNs metastasis. MIR181A2HG‐based targeted therapy would represent a novel strategy for GC.
Discover the leader within you
Authors: Johnson Vicky V.
Published: January 2025

In her book The Unexpected Leader: Discovering the Leader Within You, Jacqueline M. Baker makes the case that anyone can be a leader by declaring it so, committing to the process of growth, and customizing that growth to one's own unique approach. The book is structured in three large sections.
Single‐arm interventional versus observational studies for assessing efficacy: A meta‐epidemiological study
Authors: Chappell Mary , Watkins Deborah , Sanderson Alice , di Ruffano Lavinia Ferrante , Miller Paul , Fewster Hariet , Fitzgerald Anita , Edwards Mary , McCool Rachael
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Interventional single‐arm trials (SATs) are increasingly being used as evidence, despite a lack of agreement on their validity and where they should sit in the hierarchy of evidence. We conducted a meta‐epidemiological study to investigate whether there are systematic differences in outcomes and levels of between‐study heterogeneity for SATs compared with their observational counterpart, single‐arm cohort studies.

Methods

We identified systematic reviews (SRs) of pharmacological interventions, published in 2023, that included both interventional and observational single‐arm studies. For each SR, subgroup meta‐analysis of dichotomous outcomes was conducted for included SATs and single‐arm cohort studies to assess effect sizes, levels of heterogeneity and between group differences. In a sensitivity analysis, clinically heterogeneous primary studies were removed and analyses re‐run.

Results

66 SRs contained single‐arm studies, of which 13 reported meta‐analyses of dichotomous efficacy outcomes. There was no overall risk difference for SATs compared with single‐arm cohort studies (risk difference: −0.020, 95% CI: −0.092 to 0.052, p = 0.59). In the sensitivity analysis, there was a tendency to higher effect for single‐arm cohort studies, but no significant difference (risk difference: −0.071, 95% CI: −0.161, 0.019, p = 0.12). There were high levels of between‐study heterogeneity within both SATs (median; range I2: 54.8; 11.3–91.0) and single‐arm cohorts (median; range I2: 77.2; 0–94.7) and heterogeneity remained high in the sensitivity analysis.

Conclusion

There do not appear to be systematic differences in outcome between SATs and single‐arm cohort studies, but further research is recommended to confirm this finding. Levels of heterogeneity are high within both designs, even after attempts to reduce clinical heterogeneity. Because clinical heterogeneity had potentially been removed, remaining statistical heterogeneity may have been due to bias related to study conduct. Future work should utilize larger samples and additional methods to further clarify the relative validity of single‐arm designs.
Probing Activation and Deactivation Mechanisms in Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Reaction and Water Splitting through In‐Situ/Operando Analysis
Authors: Seok Cheon Woo , Kim Jaehyun , Won Jang Ho
Published: January 2025

The transition to a carbon‐neutral society demands the development of efficient and durable electrocatalysts to drive electrochemical water splitting and CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RR). To fabricate high‐performing electrocatalysts, it is essential to unveil catalyst materials’ activation and deactivation mechanisms under actual reaction conditions, a challenge that ex‐situ/post‐mortem characterization cannot fulfill. In‐situ transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy, along with various other analytical techniques, are essential methods for revealing the structural and chemical properties of electrochemical catalyst materials in both bulk and surface. In‐situ/operando characterization offers unprecedented insights into the structural and electronic changes on catalyst surfaces, revealing critical aspects of catalytic activity, selectivity and stability during operation. These methods are useful in identifying active sites, understanding morphology and phase transitions, and uncovering the underlying mechanisms driving catalytic processes. This perspective explores recent works on the application of in‐situ/operando spectroscopic and microscopic techniques to electrochemical CO2RR and water splitting. By organizing recent findings, we highlight the irreplaceable role of in‐situ/operando analysis in refining catalyst design for enhanced performance and robustness. Furthermore, we discuss future directions for integrating these characterization methods into catalyst development workflows, offering a roadmap toward developing electrocatalyst materials for green hydrogen production and CO2 reduction.
Stabilizing Postwar Iraq: The Practical Antinomies of a Promising Concept
Authors: Belloni Roberto , Costantini Irene
Published: January 2025

Over the last decade, stabilization has gained ground as a pragmatic, short‐term response to conflict and terrorism. While efforts to achieve a shared‐upon doctrinal understanding of this international practice proved inconclusive, stabilization work in Iraq since 2014 offers valuable insights to evaluate the relevance of the concept and the challenges it faces in its implemention. This article assesses the antinomies of stabilization in the context of Iraq, where both the Global Coalition against Daesh and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) have undertaken a wide range of military and civilian‐led stabilization activities following the defeat of the Islamic State (IS). Although these activities have contributed to the restoration of a basic sense of “normalcy,” including the return home of almost five million internationally displaced persons (IDPs), structural constraints, such as increasing authoritarianism, continue to hinder Iraq's path toward self‐sustaining peace and development.
Prediction of Current and Future Distributions of Chalcophora detrita (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Under Climate Change Scenarios
Authors: Duyar Arif , Demir Muhammed Arif , Kabalak Mahmut
Published: January 2025

The consequences of climate change, accelerated by anthropogenic activities, have different effects on different ecosystems, and the severity of these effects is predicted to increase in the near future. The number of studies investigating how forest ecosystems respond to these changes is increasing. However, there remains a significant gap in research concerning how saproxylic organisms—one of the key contributors to the healthy functioning of these fragile ecosystems—will respond to the consequences of climate change. In our study, we estimated the suitable habitats of the polymorphic species Chalcophora detrita which is distributed across Italy, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Türkiye, Cyprus, Syria, Israel and Lebanon. This species of both saproxylic and economic importance, was modelled under current environmental conditions, climate change scenarios and possible future conditions by ecological niche modelling (ENM). An ensemble model was created by using 11 different algorithms (Artificial Neural Network, Classification Tree Analysis, eXtreme Gradient Boosting, Flexible Discriminant Analysis, Generalised Additive Model, Generalised Boosting Model, Generalised Linear Model, Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines, Maximum Entropy, Random Forest, Surface Range Envelope) to predict the potential suitable habitats of C. detrita. Two different future scenarios (SSP2‐4.5, relatively optimistic and SSP5‐8.5, most pessimistic) are divided into 2021–2040, 2041–2060, 2061–2080 and 2081–2100 time periods. The results of our ENM indicated that bioclimatic variables contribute more than topographic and land cover variables to suitable habitats for the species under current conditions. Furthermore, future scenarios demonstrated that suitable habitats for this species will gradually decrease across the geographical region where the species is distributed. This study provides a theoretical reference framework for the conservation of habitats and the improvement of management plans for species belonging to the genus Chalcophora Dejean 1833 and the other saproxylic beetles.