bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AS PRINCIPAIS ALTERAÇÕES CARDIOVASCULARES CAPTADAS POR ELETROCARDIOGRAMA EM PACIENTES COM EPILEPSIA TRATADOS COM ANTICONVULSIVANTES
Authors: Fontenele David Ribeiro , Lima Francisco Savio Pitombeira , Martins Alice Brito , Gadelha Carlos Jorge Maciel Uchoa , Freitas Madna Costa , Morais Matheus Firmino , Lopes Mariana Rodrigues , Vasconcelos Iara Késsila Milhome , Freitas Renê Felipe , Chaves Edna Maria Camelo
Published: September 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: A epilepsia é uma doença neurológica que afeta cerca de 50 milhões de pessoas. É caracterizada por provocar convulsões recorrentes ao longo do tempo. O coração epiléptico consiste na condição de deterioração elétrica e mecânica do coração derivado das crises convulsivas. O tratamento dessa patologia busca reduzir as convulsões com o mínimo de efeitos colaterais farmacológicos. Os anticonvulsivantes apresentam variados efeitos adversos, entre eles, as alterações cardiovasculares por conta do bloqueio dos canais de sódio. OBJETIVO: Buscou-se nesta revisão de literatura identificar as alterações cardiovasculares encontradas em pacientes com epilepsia tratados com anticonvulsivantes captadas por eletrocardiograma (ECG). METODOLOGIA: Este capítulo consiste em uma revisão narrativa da literatura na qual utilizou estudos publicados na língua inglesa entre 2019 e 2024. Foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: Epilepsy AND Electrocardiography AND Clinical trial. Buscou-se o eixo temático: alterações captadas por ECG em pacientes com epilepsia tratados com anticonvulsivantes. DESENVOLVIMENTO: Foram selecionados após critérios de inclusão e exclusão, no total de 6 artigos. Foram encontradas diversas alterações cardiovasculares com o uso de anticonvulsivantes como o ácido valpróico por meio de ECG, dentre elas estão, o aumento da chance de arritmias, aumento do QTd, QT cd e Pd, entre outras alterações. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Os anticonvulsivantes causam alterações cardiovasculares em pacientes com epilepsia de forma que é possível captar essas alterações por eletrocardiograma. Dessa forma, existem diferentes escolhas no tratamento da epilepsia que podem ser mais adequadas aos pacientes. Ademais, são necessários mais estudos para elucidar e desenvolver um melhor tratamento aos pacientes epilépticos.
IMPLICAÇÕES DA DISFUNÇÃO ENDOTELIAL NA DIABETES TIPO 1 E TIPO 2: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: LIMA F. S. P , LOPES M. R , MARTINS A. B , QUEIROZ C. V. G , PIRES A. F
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: O estudo tem como objetivo analisar, por meio de revisão da literatura, as complicações endoteliais inerentes à fisiopatologia da diabetes. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa com artigos publicados entre 2016 e 2024 utilizando os seguintes descritores: Endothelial cells; Diabetes AND ROS; Microcirculation; Endothelial Dysfunction nas bases de dados PubMed e Science Direct. Resultados: Os estudos analisados, demonstraram que a disfunção endotelial na diabetes do tipo 1 (DM1) e do tipo 2 (DM2) acompanham desregulação do tônus vascular em artérias de condutância, aumento de espécies reativas de oxigênio e nitrogênio, elevação de citocinas pró-inflamatórias como IL-5, IL-6, IL-13 e fatores de crescimento como TGFβ1. Essas alterações implicam no aumento do transporte de proteínas e redução do metabolismo hemostático indicado por exames hematológicos e bioquímicos. Conclusão: A disfunção endotelial gera diferentes manifestações no quadro diabético, com mecanismos distintos na DM1 ou DM2, dependentes de fatores como estresse oxidativo, hemoglobina glicada, índice de massa corporal, atividade da arginase, síntese de citocinas e moléculas de adesão, além de sofrer influência quanto a faixa etária.
ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DAS PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS DE CIMENTOS RESINOSOS CONVENCIONAIS E AUTOADESIVOS
Authors: Weig K.M , Magalhães Filho T.R. , Motta L.G. , Maia J.N.S.M. , Campos J.P.
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Analisar comparativamente as propriedades mecânicas de quatro cimentos resinosos, sendo três convencionais e um autoadesivo, para que o profissional possa escolher o agente cimentante mais adequado para cada situação clínica, baseado no conhecimento de suas propriedades. Material e Métodos: Quatro cimentos resinosos – Allcem CORE, Allcem Dual, AllcemVeneer APS e seT PP – foram utilizados em testes de compressão e flexão de três pontos, após confecção dos corpos de prova em matriz metálica. Todos os resultados apurados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste Tukey (p=0,05) Resultados: Os valores mais altos de resistência à compressão foram obtidos com o AllcemVeneer APS (903,9 ± 204,4 MPa), enquanto o Allcem Core apresentou menores resistências (235,27 ± 50,4 MPa). Os valores mais altos para flexão foram obtidos com o Allcem Dual (166,6 ± 15,1 MPa), enquanto o seT PP apresentou menores resistências (97,32 ± 11,8 MPa) e o Allcem Core, resistência intermediária. Conclusão: O cimento autoadesivo seT PP fornece características mecânicas e físicas semelhantes às dos cimentos resinosos convencionais. Além disso, a maior resistência à compressão foi obtida pelo cimento convencional Fotopolimerizável AllcemVeneer APS.
USO DE AGROTÓXICOS E SAÚDE OCUPACIONAL DE HORTICULTORES DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE GOIÂNIA-GO
Authors: Alves Aparecida Tobias
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: O presente estudo visa analisar os parâmetros bioquímicos e genéticos em horticultores da Região Metropolitana de Goiânia-GO, em função do uso de agrotóxicos nas horticulturas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo, cuja coleta de dados foi realizada por visita presencial aos horticultores, aplicação de questionário e coleta de amostras de sangue dos trabalhadores para análises laboratoriais. Foram avaliados 76 indivíduos, sendo 61 homens e 15 mulheres, expostos ocupacionalmente a agrotóxicos. Os participantes do estudo foram caracterizados quanto aos atributos sociodemográficos, estilo de vida e de exposição. Os exames laboratoriais incluíram dosagem de colinesterase (CSE), função hepática, função renal, hemograma completo, proteínas totais e frações, eletroforese de globulinas, glicemia e TSH. Para avaliação dos danos no DNA foi utilizado o ensaio cometa alcalino, conforme metodologia descrita por Singh et al. (1988) com modificações, e os parâmetros Comprimento da Cauda (CC), Momento de Cauda Olive (MCO) e Porcentagem de DNA na Cauda (%DNA). O grupo de horticultores foi constituído por indivíduos com faixa etária média de 46,5 anos (±13,9), sendo majoritariamente masculino (80,3%). Resultados: As variáveis avaliadas não apresentaram associação aos parâmetros do ensaio cometa (p>0,05). No entanto, observaram-se danos no DNA nas amostras de todos os horticultores. Os parâmetros hematológicos avaliados se mostraram em conformidade com os valores de referência. Entretanto, análises isoladas indicaram possíveis casos de anemia, leucocitose, leucopenia, linfocitose, e diabetes e alterações de AST em 24,0% dos participantes, ALT (29,2%), GGT (25,83%), CSE (5,34%). Conclusão: Esse estudo evidencia a necessidade de realizar biomonitoramento desses trabalhadores ocupacionalmente expostos, como uma estratégia de vigilância em saúde, com prevenção e promoção da saúde ocupacional. Além disso, recomenda-se a aplicação de ações educativas sobre os impactos dos agrotóxicos na saúde dos profissionais que atuam nesse setor, como também conciliá-las com a implementação de políticas públicas voltadas para o incentivo à produção agroecológica, a fim de evitar os impactos à saúde humana em decorrência do avanço da utilização de agrotóxicos nessa região, marcada pela intensa atividade agrícola.
SILICOSE: RELAÇÃO ENTRE GENÉTICA, SUSCETIBILIDADE E GRAVIDADE CLÍNICA
Authors: de Carvalho Costa L , Salum KCR , Castro MCS , Nani ASF , Kohlrausch FB
Published: September 2024

A silicose é uma doença pulmonar de natureza fibrótica resultante da inalação e deposição de poeira contendo sílica cristalina. Indivíduos expostos aos mesmos fatores ambientais podem apresentar manifestações radiológicas distintas e, como a silicose é conhecida como uma doença multifatorial, é plausível que a suscetibilidade genética individual possa desempenhar um papel na patologia. Este capítulo tem como objetivo fornecer uma avaliação dos dados atuais sobre os estudos de associação genética na silicose e descrever os genes que potencialmente podem influenciar a suscetibilidade à silicose em indivíduos expostos à sílica. Independentemente dos avanços no conhecimento da importância das variações genéticas na silicose, mais estudos precisam ser realizados, em particular, investigações poligênicas e genômicas.
Special Issue on Measurement Systems, Sensors and Energy Harvesting
Authors: Huang Wenbin , Weddell Alex , Xiong Yuyong , Wang Wei
Published: September 2024

The increasing demand for efficient, reliable, and sustainable monitoring systems has driven research in the areas of measurement systems, sensors and energy harvesting. New sensors enable real-time monitoring of physical and environmental conditions with efficient measurement systems.
The increasing demand for efficient, reliable, and sustainable monitoring systems has driven research in the areas of measurement systems, sensors and energy harvesting. New sensors enable real-time monitoring of physical and environmental conditions with efficient measurement systems. The integration of these technologies has the potential to enhance system performance, reduce operating costs, and improve maintenance processes. This special issue is devoted to state-of-the-art modelling, data processing and condition monitoring methods for applications ranging from Industry 4.0 to environment monitoring, enabled by the Internet of Things (loT). The guest editorial would like to thank all the contributing authors for making their research outputs publicly available via this special issue. Thanks are also extended to reviewers for their valuable comments for improving the quality of the submitted articles. We also would like to thank the journal’s production teams and editorial board for their assistance with the special issue.
Evaluation of the Anticarcinogenic Effect of White Radish Extract (Raphanus sativus var. Longipinnatus) on In Vitro Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells
Authors: Uçar Sümeyye , Okan Oflamaz Aslı , Ocak Mert
Published: September 2024

In this research, it was aimed to research the time and different dose effects of white radish extract (Raphanus sativus var. Longipinnatus) on Ehrlich Ascites Tumor (EAT) cell lines. EAT cell line was used in the study. EAT cells were treated white radish extract (Raphanus sativus var. Longipinnatus) at 37°C and 5% CO2 for differing periods (24 and 48 hours) and doses (100-200 and 300 μg/ml white radish extract). At the end of the incubation duration, Argyrophilic nucleolar organizing region (AgNOR) protein condition of EAT cells were investigated.It was determined among the control and 300 μg/ml Raphanus sativus extract group the significant differences for mean AgNOR number and TAA/NA in 48 hours period. It was detected also between the 100 and 300 μg/ml Raphanus sativus extract groups for AgNOR number and TAA/NA in 48 hours incubation. This study demonstrated that Raphanus sativus had a important role against cancer cells. Also, both AgNOR values mit be used as biomarkers for identification of the most true therapeutic dose option for cancer and it has been shown that suitable ingestion of Raphanus sativus can be effective in avoid cancer development and slowing its spreading.
PI3K AND MTOR IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN TESTICULAR TISSUE IN EXPERIMENTAL ALCOHOL ADDICTION MODEL
Authors: Öztürk Osman , Okan Oflamaz Aslı , Kurt Mustafa , Eroğlu Ece , Yilmaz Seher , Uğuz A. Cihangir , Ocak Mert , Doğanyiğit Züleyha
Published: September 2024

Alcohol use disorder has negative effects on the reproductive system through the development of oxidative stress and its genotoxic effects on DNA integrity. Acute and chronic alcohol use adversely affects the male reproductive system. Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) levels, which are involved in oxidative stress, may be important in the reproductive system in alcohol use disorder.
PI3K and mTOR immunoreactivities were evaluated in testicular tissue in an experimental acute and chronic alcohol intake model in male rats. Rats were divided into 3 groups as control male (n=7), acute male (n=7) and chronic male model (n=7). Histopathological analysis of testicular tissues taken from the experimental groups was performed by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Then, testicular tissues of the experimental groups were dissected and PI3K and mTOR expressions were determined by immunohistochemistry method.
According to the H&E staining results, when the experimental groups were compared with the control group; It was observed that spermatozoa were less or absent in acute and chronic groups. mTOR and PI3K expressions were significantly increased in testicular tissues belonging to chronic and acute alcohol model groups. In the chronic alcohol model, both mTOR and PI3K expressions were significantly increased compared to the acute and control groups.
Our research reveal that PI3K and mTOR molecules, which are involved in oxidative stress in acute and chronic alcohol intake, may be associated with damage to the reproductive system. PI3K and mTOR proteins, can be targeted at the point of treatment against alcohol-induced reproductive damage.
Kadınların Vajinal Doğum Deneyimleri, Anne-Bebek Bağlanma Düzeyleri ile Çocuk Sahibi Olma İsteklilikleri Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Başaran Fatma , Çetik Berfin
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışmada; kadınların vajinal doğum deneyimleri, anne-bebek bağlanma düzeyleri ile çocuk sahibi olma isteklilikleri arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kesitsel tipte olan bu araştırma, Kasım 2023 - Şubat 2024 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’nin doğusunda bir ilde bulunan bir üniversite hastanesinin lohusa servisinde yatan 334 kadın ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma verileri; tanıtıcı bilgi formu, “Doğum Deneyimi Ölçeği (DDÖ)”, “Anne-Bebek Bağlanma Ölçeği (ABBÖ)” ve “Çocuk Sahibi Olma İsteği Ölçeği (ÇSOİÖ)” ile toplanmıştır. Katılımcıların DDÖ puan ortalaması 54,90±8,95, ABBÖ puan ortalaması 2,64±3,38 ve ÇSOİÖ Ölçeği puan ortalaması ise 67,95±11,85 olarak belirlenmiştir. Kadınların doğum deneyimleri olumlu yönde arttıkça anne-bebek bağlanma düzeyinin olumlu yönde arttığı; doğum deneyimi olumsuz olan kadınların çocuk sahibi olma istekliliklerinin azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; kadınların vajinal doğum deneyimlerinin hem anne-bebek bağlanma düzeyi hem de tekrar çocuk sahibi olma istekliliği üzerinde etkili bir faktör olduğu saptanmıştır. Özellikle doğumda primer rol oynayan sağlık personellerinin kadının yaşamış olduğu doğum deneyimini göz önünde bulundurarak annelerin postpartum dönemde bakım gereksinimlerini öncelikli olarak ele alması, kadının annelik rolüne uyumunu kolaylaştırması ve anne-bebek bağlanmasını iyileştirecek girişimlerde bulunması gerekmektedir.
Sporda Beslenme Farkındalığı Envanterinin Geliştirilmesi
Authors: Aras Dicle , Filiz Bijen , Erdoğmuş Tuğçe Nur , Yavaş Özge , Aras Çağla , Birol Abdulkadir
Published: September 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı; sporcuların sporda beslenme farkındalık düzeylerini belirlemeye yönelik güvenirliği ve geçerliği yüksek bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Bu amaçla rasyonel ve istatiksel kapsamda geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Geçerlik kapsamında; uzman değerlendirmelerine dayalı kapsam ve yapı geçerliği, istatiksel olarak; açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) çalışmaları yürütülmüştür. Güvenirlik analizlerinde Cronbach alfa ve eşdeğer yarılar tekniklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Toplamda 415 sporcuyla gerçekleştirilen çalışmada yapının açımlanmasına ilişkin analizler dışında toplam varyansın %60,5’ini açıklayan 27 maddelik ölçek elde edilmiştir. DFA ile AFA’nın uygulandığı birbirinden tamamen bağımsız iki grup üzerinde test edilen modelde maddelerin yol katsayısı değerlerinin 0,51 ile 1,05 arasında değiştiği, t değerlerinin istatiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu ve sınanan ölçme modelinin uyum indekslerinin kabul edilebilir aralık içerisinde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Beş faktörlü yapıda Cronbach alfa güvenirlik katsayısı 0,93 iken eş değer yarılar yöntemi ile elde edilen sonuçlarda ölçeğin tümü ve alt boyutları 0,70’in üzerinde elde edilmiştir. Bu bulgular doğrultusunda; enerji kaynakları, vitamin ve mineraller, ergojenik yardımcılar, beslenmeyi etkileyen faktörler ve spora özgü beslenme olarak beş alt ölçekten oluşan sporda beslenme farkındalığı ölçeğinin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu söylenebilir.
Diliçi Çeviride Yanmetinsel Unsurlara Bakış: Ankara Mahpusu Örneği
Authors: Çimen Karayürek Esra
Published: September 2024

Çeviribilim çalışmaları her geçen gün farklı bir alanla kendi kuramsal yapısını geliştirip yenilemektedir. Bu bağlamda diliçi çeviri, çeviribilimin bir alt alanı olarak kuramsallaştırılmaya başlanmış, özellikle de yakın geçmişte dil reformu yaşayan Türk Dilinde bu hususta çeviri yazı ve dilde sadeleştirme yoluyla yapılan diliçi çeviri çalışmaları artmıştır. Tanzimat Dönemiyle başlayan dilde sadeleştirme çalışmaları, 1928’de yapılan harf devrimiyle desteklenmiş, söz konusu çalışmalar özellikle Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında titizlikle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada dilde sadeleştirme bağlamında ele alınan Suat Derviş’in Ankara Mahpusu adlı eseri, yazarı vefat etmiş olan eserin yeniden yayına hazırlanırken yanmetinsel unsurlarının diliçi çeviri bağlamında ne kadar değiştiği ve bu değişikliğin olağan süreçteki gerekliliği tartışılmıştır. Gerard Genette’in tasnif ettiği yanmetinsel unsurlar kullanılarak değerlendirilen çalışmada, yanmetinsel unsurların diliçi çeviride, diller arası çeviride de olduğu gibi zamana ve mekâna göre değişebileceği, yayınevlerinin aldıkları kararlara göre ekleme veya çıkarmaların yapılabileceği, bu durumun da eserlerin alımlanmasında birtakım etkilerinin olabileceği tespit edilmiştir.
Синергетическая теория целостности
Authors: Хускивадзе Амиран
Published: September 2024

Изучается класс систем, состояния которых описываются распределением вероятностей Стьюдента. Это широчайший класс систем. В него входят все естественные и ряд других систем. В книге приведены три пары эквивалентных методов: определения общих естественных глобальных оптимумов обследованных показателей состояния систем, оценки качества функционирования систем отдельными обследованными показателями их состояний, оценки качества функционирования систем всеми совокупностями обследованных показателей их состояний. Вторая тройка методов отличается простотой и наглядностью. Она и составляет основу изложенного в книге математического аппарата принятия обоснованных решений в системах. Реализацией всей совокупности решений, выработанной по результатам обследования системы с помощью настоящего математического аппарата, эта система непременно перейдет в данный момент времени ее самом лучшем возможном состоянии. Применением вышеуказанного математического аппарата созданы две уни- версальные компьютерные программы на языках программирования Mathcad-15 и Python. Описано, как этими компьютерными программами обработать результаты обследования систем. Будет полезна специалистам разных областей, которым приходится совместно обрабатывать большие массивы статистических данных.
O farmacêutico na pediatria: uma revisão literária sobre a automedicação na farmacoterapia pediátrica
Authors: Silva Suziani Castro da , Rodrigues Junior Omero Martins , Oliveira Julielma Silva de
Published: September 2024

Introdução: A automedicação em criança obtém bastantes perigos, apesar dos riscos são muitas pessoas que insistem administrar os medicamentos sem prescrição ou orientação. Cabe ao farmacêutico a orientar o paciente ou os seus responsáveis a utilização do medicamento, evitando a automedicação e garantindo a segurança da criança (Vargas, 2021). Neste sentido, o presente artigo tem por objetivo salientar a necessidade do farmacêutico no cuidado e adaptação das medicações utilizadas na pediatria demonstrando através de uma busca literária a significativa melhora nos tratamentos de patologias infantojuvenis, ressaltando também os riscos da automedicação praticada pelos seus responsáveis e quais as possibilidades de solução dessa questão tão urgente. Objetivo: Destacar a necessidade do farmacêutico na promoção do uso racional de medicamentos, direcionando os pais e responsáveis para o cuidado consciente na farmacoterapia pediátrica. Método: O presente artigo se apresentara como uma revisão literária, para isso será realizada uma busca nas bases de dados disponíveis em meios virtuais utilizando artigos de cunho científico dos bancos da SciELO, PubMed, Biblioteca digital, periódicos Capes entre outros. Resultados: Os resultados da pesquisa acadêmica realizada apontam que, apesar do grande número de trabalhos sobre a importância do farmacêutico na pediatria a procura dos pais e responsáveis por um profissional ainda é muito baixa, principalmente quando os medicamentos isentos de prescrição entram nas estatísticas.  Conclusões: Mesmo com os números de intoxicação e morte por uso irresponsável de medicamentos isentos de prescrição alto, a participação do farmacêutico como profissional responsável por auxiliar no tratamento farmacoterapêutico pediátrico ainda não é devidamente explorado, por isso as consequências trazidas pela automedicação praticada em pacientes pediátricas são inúmeras.
Quantitative Analysis of Wood Tar Production Efficiency of Selected Wood Species in Sierra Leone
Authors: Syed Fofanah Mohamed
Published: September 2024

Wood tar is the byproduct that is discharged when wood is carbonized in a charcoal kiln or distilled in a distillation furnace. Burning of charcoal and biomass gasification processes release large quantities of trace gases and particles that contribute to air pollution and climate change. This study aims at contributing to the identification of woods suitable for wood tar production in Sierra Leone in order to help rural communities involve in charcoal production protect the environment at the same time earning additional income from sale of wood tar. Carbonization using Tumulus kiln was done on four different weights of the dry wood samples taken at 400kg, 500kg, 600kg and 700kg. The quantities of wood tars produced by the three wood samples (Phyllanthus discoideu, Diallum guinesis and Mangifera indica) determined. The study revealed that all three wood samples are suitable candidates for wood tar production with Mangifera indica and Phyllanthus discoideu most preferred.
Impact of Microfinance on Micro Enterprises: A Study with Reference to Growth and Financial Literacy of Small Enterprises
Authors: . Jagannatha
Published: September 2024

Microfinance is considered as one of the most vital tool for the success of most of the small enterprises. The required support for the growth of small enterprise is provided for microfinance. This study tries to found out the impact of microfinance on micro enterprises that are aiming for financial literacy and Growth in Tumakur city of Karnataka. The data has been collected by the structured questionnaire and method of has been adopted by the convenience sampling technique. The 100 respondents are taken as sample size who are operating the small and medium enterprises in Tumakur. By using SPSS Software for analyzed and one Sample t test and mean the statistical tools are used. The results reveal that there is a positive association of Micro finance a growth and financial literacy of small enterprises.
A Radio Study of Persistent Radio Sources in Nearby Dwarf Galaxies: Implications for Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Dong 董 Y. 雨欣 , Eftekhari T. , Fong W. , Bhandari S. , Berger E. , Ould-Boukattine O. S. , Hessels J. W. T. , Sridhar N. , Reines A. , Margalit B. , Darling J. , Gordon A. C. , Greene J. E. , Kilpatrick C. D. , Marcote B. , Metzger B. D. , Nimmo K. , Nugent A. E. , Paragi Z. , Williams P. K. G.
Published: September 2024

We present 1–12 GHz Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array observations of nine off-nuclear persistent radio sources (PRSs) in nearby (z ≲ 0.055) dwarf galaxies, along with high-resolution European VLBI Network observations for one of them at 1.7 GHz. We explore the plausibility that these PRSs are associated with fast radio burst (FRB) sources by examining their properties—physical sizes, host-normalized offsets, spectral energy distributions (SEDs), radio luminosities, and light curves—and compare them to those of the PRSs associated with FRB 20121102A and FRB 20190520B, two known active galactic nuclei (AGN), and one likely AGN in our sample with comparable data, as well as other radio transients exhibiting characteristics analogous to FRB-PRSs. We identify a single source in our sample, J1136+2643, as the most promising FRB-PRS, based on its compact physical size and host-normalized offset. We further identify two sources, J0019+1507 and J0909+5655, with physical sizes comparable to FRB-PRSs, but which exhibit large offsets and flat spectral indices potentially indicative of a background AGN origin. We test the viability of neutron star wind nebula and hypernebula models for J1136+2643 and find that the physical size, luminosity, and SED of J1136+2643 are broadly consistent with these models. Finally, we discuss the alternative interpretation that the radio sources are instead powered by accreting massive black holes, and we outline future prospects and follow-up observations for differentiating between these scenarios.
Connecting the Low to High Corona: Propagating Disturbances as Tracers of the Near-Sun Solar Wind
Authors: Alzate Nathalia , Di Matteo Simone , Morgan Huw , Viall Nicholeen , Vourlidas Angelos
Published: September 2024

We revisit a quiet 14 day period of solar minimum during 2008 January and track substreamer propagating disturbances (PDs) from low heights in STEREO/EUVI to the extended corona through STEREO/COR1 and into STEREO/COR2 along nonradial paths that trace the structure of the underlying streamers. Using our recently developed method for generating nonradial height–time profiles of outward PDs (OPDs) and inward PDs (IPDs), we obtained their velocities along the radial and position angle directions. Our analysis of 417 unique OPDs revealed two classes: slow and fast OPDs. Slow OPDs form preferentially at ≈1.6 R
⊙ closer to the streamer boundaries, with asymmetric occurrence rates, and show speeds of

16.4

−
8.4

+
26.6

km

s

−
1

at 1.5 R
⊙ and accelerate up to

200.1

−
57.9

+
71.1

km

s

−
1

at 7.5 R
⊙. Fast OPDs form preferentially at ≈1.6 R
⊙ and at ≈3.0 R
⊙ both at the streamer boundaries and slightly more often within them. They show speeds of

87.8

−
24.8

+
59.1

km

s

−
1

at 1.5 R
⊙ up to

197.8

−
46.7

+
61.8

km

s

−
1

at 7.5 R
⊙. IPDs are observed forming at ≈1.8 R
⊙ with speeds of tens of kilometers per second, mostly concentrated in the aftermath of a coronal mass ejection eruption. We present an example in which we show that periodic brightness variations related to OPDs remained in the range of 98 to 128 minutes, down to ≈2.0 R
⊙, well within the field of view of COR1. The velocity profiles of slow OPDs for a heliocentric height below 3.0 R
⊙ show good agreement with speeds more closely related to the bulk solar wind obtained via interplanetary scintillation.
The Effects of Bar Strength and Kinematics on Galaxy Evolution: Slow Strong Bars Affect Their Hosts the Most
Authors: Géron Tobias , Smethurst R. J. , Lintott Chris , Masters Karen L. , Garland I. L. , Mengistu Petra , O’Ryan David , Simmons B. D.
Published: September 2024

We study how bar strength and bar kinematics affect star formation in different regions of the bar by creating radial profiles of EW[Hα] and Dn4000 using data from Sloan Digital Sky Survey-IV Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA). Bars in galaxies are classified as strong or weak using Galaxy Zoo DESI, and they are classified as fast and slow bars using the Tremaine–Weinberg method on stellar kinematic data from the MaNGA survey. In agreement with previous studies, we find that strong bars in star-forming (SF) galaxies have enhanced star formation in their center and beyond the bar-end region, while star formation is suppressed in the arms of the bar. This is not found for weakly barred galaxies, which have very similar radial profiles to unbarred galaxies. In addition, we find that slow bars in SF galaxies have significantly higher star formation along the bar than fast bars. However, the global star formation rate is not significantly different between galaxies with fast and slow bars. This suggests that the kinematics of the bar do not affect star formation globally, but changes where star formation occurs in the galaxy. Thus, we find that a bar will influence its host the most if it is both strong and slow.
Taxonomic relationship between Amolops minutus Orlov & Ho, 2007 and A. ottorum Pham, Sung, Pham, Le, Zieger & Nguyen, 2019, with first record of A. minutus from China (Anura, Ranidae)
Authors: Liu Shuo , Nguyen Truong , Le Minh , Pham Cuong , Pham Anh , Hou Mian , Zhou Hongxin , Mo Mingzhong , Li Mei , Li Biao , Luo Xiong , Rao Dingqi , Li Song
Published: September 2024

Based on the examination of specimens of Amolops minutus Orlov & Ho, 2007 and A. ottorum Pham, Sung, Pham, Le, Zieger & Nguyen, 2019, we found that there is no significant morphological difference between them. Phylogenetic analysis also showed that A. minutus and A. ottorum belong to the same taxon. In addition, we discovered the distribution of A. minutus in China.

In this study, we provide the first molecular data of Amolops minutus and regard A. ottorum as a junior synonym of A. minutus. In addition, we report the first record of A. minutus from China, based on nine specimens collected from Guanyinshan Provincial Nature Reserve in southern Yunnan Province and present an updated diagnosis of this species, based on literature data and newly-collected specimens.
First report on population status and potential distribution of Tylototriton sparreboomi Bernardes, Le, Nguyen, Pham, Pham, Nguyen, Rödder, Bonkowski & Ziegler, 2020 (Amphibia, Salamandridae) in Vietnam
Authors: Pham Anh , Le Minh , Nguyen Truong , Le Mai , Pham Cuong , Nguyen Anh
Published: September 2024

The Sparreboom's Crocodile Newt (Tylototriton sparreboomi) is a recently discovered species of crocodile newts from Vietnam and it is currently known only from Sin Ho District in Lai Chau Province. Due to the limited information available on its population status and distribution, the species has been classified as Data Deficient in the IUCN Red List. As a result of our field surveys in 2021 and 2022 in north-western Vietnam, novel data on distribution and population status of and threats to this poorly-known species were collected. We combined the newly-discovered locations with previous occurrence records and used the data as input for modelling the potential distribution of the Sparreboom's Crocodile Newt. The results showed that the Sparreboom's Crocodile Newt’s potential distribution encompasses areas in Lai Chau, Dien Bien and Son La Provinces, Vietnam, as well as a section in Jinping County, Yunnan Province, China. Based on the findings, we suggest that protected areas in the eastern side of Hoang Lien Mountain Range, such as Che Tao, Muong La, Hoang Lien – Van Ban and Bat Xat Nature Reserves and Hoang Lien National Park in Vietnam and Jinping Feishuling Nature Reserve in China be priority sites for the species conservation. Future research and conservation initiatives should prioritise efforts in such areas in an effort to find and protect new populations of the newt.
GBIF’s Vocabulary Server: A Tool to Create, Manage and Apply Controlled Vocabularies for Biodiversity
Authors: Svenningsen Cecilie , Gonzalez Marcos , Robertson Tim
Published: September 2024

Global Biodiversity Information Facility's (GBIF) global index of primary biodiversity data is based on contributions from more than 2,200 publishing institutions and over 100,000 datasets. Data originate from a broad variety of fields, from research to citizen science, from eDNA through specimen collections to observations and monitoring projects, across all taxonomic groups, and with a wide range of datasets and data types. Equally variable is the underlying motivation and focus for data collection and digitization. Even within commonly used domain concepts like Kingdom or OccurrenceStatus, the values provided by the original sources can vary greatly. This presents challenges for any system that aims to provide joint search access across all these different resources.

The vocabulary server*1 in the GBIF Registry is a tool used to standardize selected fields during data interpretation, thereby increasing the searchability of records across datasets on GBIF.org and other GBIF-hosted websites. The server hosts controlled vocabularies for relevant terms from the Darwin Core standard*2, Global Registry of Scientific Collections (GRSciColl)*3, and specific fields used in GBIF. The vocabulary development is managed in a GitHub repository*4, and both concept development and the mapping of verbatim values to concepts are supported by community participation and expert groups.

During this talk, we will present some of the vocabularies implemented on GBIF.org and the work that is going into it. We will also go through the roadmap*5 for future implementations and vocabularies.

We value input from the Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections (SPNCH) and Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG) communities on terms relevant to controlled vocabulary development in GBIF.
Enhancing taxonomy research in Brazil: the need for comprehensive funding beyond human resources
Authors: da Silva Ribeiro Ricardo
Published: September 2024

The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and Confap announced the launch of the 5th edition of the Protax programme aimed at supporting the advancement of human resources in biological taxonomy. The funding for the programme has been increased from R$6 million (equivalent to 1,1 million US dollars) to R$14 million ($2,5 million), making grants of up to R$400,000 ($73 thousand) per project available. However, it is important to note that the programme primarily emphasises human resources, overlooking the crucial need for funding fieldwork, which plays a vital role in taxonomic research in diverse ecosystems like the Amazon. To ensure the success of Protax, a comprehensive approach including dedicated funds for expeditions and biological collections is essential.
Audio2DiffuGesture: Generating a diverse co-speech gesture based on a diffusion model
Authors: Yao Hongze , Xu Yingting , WU Weitao , He Huabin , Ren Wen , Cai Zhiming
Published: September 2024

People use a combination of language and gestures to convey intentions, making the generation of natural co-speech gestures a challenging task. In audio-driven gesture generation, relying solely on features extracted from raw audio waveforms limits the model's ability to fully learn the joint distribution between audio and gestures. To address this limitation, we integrated key features from both raw audio waveforms and Mel-spectrograms. Specifically, we employed cascaded 1D convolutions to extract features from the audio waveform and a two-stage attention mechanism to capture features from the Mel-spectrogram. The fused features were then input into a Transformer with cross-dimension attention for sequence modeling, which mitigated accumulated non-autoregressive errors and reduced redundant information. We developed a diffusion model-based Audio to Diffusion Gesture (A2DG) generation pipeline capable of producing high-quality and diverse gestures. Our method demonstrated superior performance in extensive experiments compared to established baselines. Regarding the TED Gesture and TED Expressive datasets, the Fréchet Gesture Distance (FGD) performance improved by 16.8 and 56%, respectively. Additionally, a user study validated that the co-speech gestures generated by our method are more vivid and realistic.
Glasbena pot Sophie Linhart
Authors: Motnik Marko
Published: September 2024

Following the sudden and untimely death of Anton Tomaž Linhart (1756–1795), a distinguished historian, poet, pioneer of Slovenian theatre, and erudite scholar, his widow Josepha found herself in a precarious situation. She sold their family home in Ljubljana and relocated to Vienna with her young daughters, Sophie and Amalia. This monograph ('Sophie Linhart’s Musical Career: In the Footsteps of A. T. Linhart’s Family') meticulously traces the lives of Linhart’s descendants, revealing the intricate paths they followed. The book’s seven chapters are united by a central theme: the role of music in Biedermeier bourgeois society. Special attention is given to Linhart’s daughter Sophie, who rose to prominence as an acclaimed concert and opera singer, a star of private music salons, and a figure of considerable social stature. The study offers fresh insights into the cultural and musical pulse of Vienna and Ljubljana during the early nineteenth century, re-evaluating the significance of music within bourgeois circles. Additionally, it delves into broader topics like the role and opportunities of women in the musical world and underscores the importance of biographical research in contemporary humanities.
Mapping the landscape of recent research on agricultural geography (2013–2022)
Authors: Ng Sai-Leung , Tien Ching-Hua
Published: September 2024

Agricultural geography has developed for over a century. To review the recent development in this field, 1879 journal articles on agricultural geography published between 2013 and 2022 are analyzed using multi-leveled bibliometric methods and visualized by VOSviewer. Seven research themes are identified: “climate change and food”, “environmental sustainability”, “land and political ecology”, “water resources”, “rural geography”, “economic development”, and “spatial analysis”. Theory and practice are the two research strands, with few authors publishing extensively, indicating a lack of an active long-term research community. Geographical factors significantly influence agricultural geography research, with international collaborations showing regional patterns. China is an emerging player, developing independently from Western peers.
Bridging language barriers by implementing a translated-based triage scale manual into the mother tongue language: a tool for strengthening emergency care
Authors: Zagalioti Sofia-Chrysovalantou , Exadaktylos Aristomenis , Fortounis Konstantinos , Gkarmiri Sofia , Apostolopoulou Aikaterini , Fyntanidou Barbara
Published: September 2024

Dear Editor,
Emergency Medicine (EM) is a promising novel specialization in Greece. EM is a young but fast-developing field that should benefit by adopting and incorporating elements from countries where the specialization is already well-established. The first and most crucial stage in every overcrowded Emergency Department (ED) is triage, namely the process by which patients are categorized according to their clinical severity.  In a recent study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of triage training of Emergency Nurses (ENs) in the use of the Swiss Triage System (STS) manual translated into Greek, after an intervention of one week. [...]
About the human ‘pre-embryo’
Authors: Sgreccia Elio
Published: September 2024

Not available.
Facing abortion
Authors: La Pira Giorgio
Published: September 2024

Not available.
Brain death: reflections
Authors: D'Onofrio Felice
Published: September 2024

The realisation of cardiac transplantation in Italy too, alongside its undoubtedly positive aspects, however, raises a number of fundamental problems that cross over from the purely technical-scientific field into the ethical-ontological one, which cannot be ignored, let alone underestimated.
In vitro fertilisation: past - present - future
Authors: Bompiani Adriano , Garcea Nicola
Published: September 2024

In vitro fertilisation is a clinical biological issue that has immediate ethical and legal implications. It is therefore not possible to deal with just one aspect, separating it from the others, and even the biologist, carrying out his role in the clinical field (in collaboration with the gynaecologist) is obliged to take an in-depth interest in ethical and legal issues, which is not always the case.
Catholic University Cultural and educational role
Authors: Poupard Paul
Published: September 2024

Not available.
An audit of licenced radiological equipment and personnel in Botswana
Authors: Nlashwa Garebue D. , Sinvula Morrison , Setso Setso O. , Miller Wallace , Lesiamang Molatedi , Maboreke Tashinga , Pitcher Richard D.
Published: September 2024

Background: The United Nations encourages national audits of diagnostic imaging equipment and personnel. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 20 X-ray and ultrasound units per million people will meet 90% of global imaging needs. This study assessed registered diagnostic imaging resources in Botswana, a high middle-income, sparsely populated African country.Methods: Details of registered diagnostic imaging equipment and personnel were extracted from the Botswana Radiation Protection Inspectorate and the Botswana Health Professions Council databases and stratified by imaging modality, professional category, and by geographical region and healthcare sector. Findings were presented as absolute numbers and resources per million people.Results: Botswana has 130 diagnostic imaging equipment units. General radiography (GR) (n = 79) 60%, mammography (n = 15; 12%), fluoroscopy (n = 13; 10%), computed tomography (n = 13; 10%), magnetic resonance (n = 6; 5%), digital subtraction angiography (n = 3; 2%) and radioisotope (n = 1; 0.7%). General radiography is the only modality where overall public sector resources (n = 44/79, 56%) exceed those of the private sector. Overall GR meet WHO guidelines, while it exceeded WHO guidelines (42–63 units/106 people) in most sparsely populated districts. There are 171 registered radiation workers; 88% (n = 152), radiographers, 9% (n = 15) radiologists and 2% (n = 4) medical physicists. Fifty three per cent of radiographers (n = 80) and 20% of radiologists (n = 3) work in the public sector.Conclusion: This study provides novel insights into the provision of radiological resources to sparsely populated rural communities.Contribution: The study demonstrates a comprehensive analysis of Radiological resources in an upper-middle-income country in Africa, highlighting important data for medium/long term planning towards achieving an equitable imaging access.
Surgical or medical treatment of obesity-associated type 2 diabetes-an increasing clinical conundrum
Authors: Jalleh Ryan J , Jones Karen L , Islam Md Shahidul , Cai Lu , Horowitz Michael
Published: September 2024

In this editorial, we comment on the article by He et al , specifically in relation to the efficacy of bariatric surgery vs glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) therapy in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) associated with obesity. Bariatric surgery has now also been shown to be safe and effective in pre-teens and teenagers with obesity and T2D, but information on newer GLP-1RAs in these groups is predictably limited. In older individuals (age > 65 years), both bariatric surgery and GLP-1RA therapy improve cardiovascular outcomes. Bariatric surgery is not infrequently associated with post-operative postprandial hypoglycemia, which is not the case with GLP-1RAs and, paradoxically, there is evidence that GLP-1RAs may reduce both the frequency and severity of postprandial hypoglycemia. Comparative trials of the long-term efficacy of bariatric surgery and GLP-1RAs are indicated.
Relationship between hemoglobin glycation index and risk of hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes with time-in-range in target
Authors: Lin Bei-Si , Liu Zhi-Gu , Chen Dan-Rui , Yang Yan-Ling , Yang Dai-Zhi , Yan Jin-Hua , Zeng Long-Yi , Yang Xu-Bin , Xu Wen
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the risk of hypoglycemia also occurs in at a time-in-range (TIR) of > 70%. The hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) is considered the best single factor for predicting hypoglycemia, and offers new perspectives for the individualized treatment of patients with well-controlled blood glucose levels that are easily ignored in clinical settings.

AIM

To investigate the relationship between HGI and hypoglycemia and the implications of HGI on hypoglycemia in T2DM with TIR > 70%.

METHODS

All participants underwent a 7-days continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) using a retrospective CGM system. We obtained glycemic variability indices using the CGM system. We defined HGI as laboratory hemoglobin A1c minus the glucose management indicator. Patients were categorized into low HGI (HGI < 0.5) and high HGI groups (HGI ≥ 0.5) according to HGI median (0.5). Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were used to determine the risk factors for hypoglycemia.

RESULTS

We included 129 subjects with T2DM (54.84 ± 12.56 years, 46% male) in the study. Median TIR score was 90%. The high HGI group exhibited lower TIR and greater time below range with higher hemoglobin A1c than the low HGI group; this suggests more glycemic excursions and an increased incidence of hypoglycemia in the high HGI group. Multivariate analyses revealed that mean blood glucose, standard deviation of blood glucose and HGI were independent risk factors for hypoglycemia. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the HGI was the best predictor of hypoglycemia. In addition, the optimal cut-off points for HGI, mean blood glucose, and standard deviation of blood glucose in predicting hypoglycemia were 0.5%, 7.2 mmol/L and 1.4 mmol/L respectively.

CONCLUSION

High HGI was significantly associated with greater glycemic excursions and increased hypoglycemia in patients with TIR > 70%. Our findings indicate that HGI is a reliable predictor of hypoglycemia in this population.
Association between sensitivity to thyroid hormones and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Duan Xiao-Ye , Fu Jun-Ling , Sun Li-Na , Mu Zhi-Jing , Xiu Shuang-Ling
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are chronic conditions with substantial public health implications. Effective management of lipid metabolism in patients with T2DM is critical. However, there has been insufficient attention given to the relationship between thyroid hormone sensitivity and dyslipidemia in the T2DM population, particularly concerning non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C).

AIM

To clarify the association between thyroid hormone sensitivity and dyslipidemia in patients with T2DM.

METHODS

In this cross-sectional study, thyroid hormone sensitivity indices, the thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI), the thyroid-stimulating hormone index (TSHI), the thyrotrophic T4 resistance index (TT4RI), and the free triiodothyronine (FT3)/free thyroxine (FT4) ratio were calculated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the associations between those composite indices and non-HDL-C levels. Random forest variable importance and Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) summary plots were used to identify the strength and direction of the association between hyper-non-HDL-C and its major predictor.

RESULTS

Among the 994 participants, 389 (39.13%) had high non-HDL-C levels. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk of hyper-non-HDL-C was positively correlated with the TFQI (OR: 1.584; 95%CI: 1.088-2.304; P = 0.016), TSHI (OR: 1.238; 95%CI: 1.034-1.482; P = 0.02), and TT4RI (OR: 1.075; 95%CI: 1.006-1.149; P = 0.032) but was not significantly correlated with the FT3/FT4 ratio. The relationships between composite indices of the thyroid system and non-HDL-C levels differed according to sex. An increased risk of hyper-non-HDL-C was associated with elevated TSHI levels in men (OR: 1.331; 95%CI: 1.003-1.766; P = 0.048) but elevated TFQI levels in women (OR: 2.337; 95%CI: 1.4-3.901; P = 0.001). Among the analyzed variables, the average SHAP values were highest for TSHI, followed by TT4RI.

CONCLUSION

Impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormones was associated with high non-HDL-C levels in patients with T2DM.