bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Henry Royce: The Engineer Who Designed Engines
Authors: Smith Nick
Published: September 2023

British engineer Henry Royce is renowned as the designer of legendary car and aeroplane engines, whose name is immortalised in one of the world’s most recognisable luxury brands.
Implementing England’s Care Act 2014: was the Act a success and when will we know?
Authors: Burn Emily , Redgate Sam , Needham Catherine , Peckham Stephen
Published: September 2023

Many countries are reforming long-term care to deal with the social risks created by demographic and social change. However, the passage of legislation is often followed by a new set of challenges as policy is implemented. This article examines England’s Care Act 2014 through Compton and ‘t Hart’s criteria of policy endurance to demonstrate the importance of assessing effectiveness at multiple time points. Early success in ‘implementation readiness’ was followed by the abandonment or dilution of key commitments. Yet, the Act’s foundational principles – well-being, prevention and capping private spending – continue to shape care policy, much as its original supporters hoped.
Tone Morphemes in Sinitic: Where Prosody Meets Morphology
Authors: Chappell Hilary
Published: September 2023

Tone morphemes are used in the coding of a variety of grammatical functions in Sinitic languages: These include plural formation of personal pronouns, the diminutive forms of nouns, as well as different kinds of perfective and completive aspect marking, reported for dialects located in non-contiguous areas of China in the north and the south. With respect to verbal morphology, we first examine the different processes and stages of morphologization between the Yue and Hakka dialects, on the one hand, and Northern Sinitic on the other. Second, we propose the pathway of evolution that leads to the pluralization of Sinitic pronouns by tone morphemes, as well as the pathway that leads to tone morphemes coding perfective aspect in Yue and Hakka.
Scene-adaptive pattern coding-based fringe projection profilometry: diffuse surfaces identification and 3-D reconstruction in cluttered scenes
Authors: Zhao Yang , Yu Haotian , Zheng Yucheng , Zhang Yi , Zheng Dongliang , Han Jing
Published: September 2023

Fringe projection profilometry (FPP) is one of the most widely used optical three-dimensional (3-D) perceiving techniques. However, when applied to cluttered scenes, acquiring accurate 3-D shapes is difficult because of the influences of indirect light caused by non-diffuse surfaces. In this paper, we first theoretically analyze and model the influences of indirect light in FPP, and then propose a scene-adaptive pattern coding-based method, which can design projection patterns based on the reflective properties of the scene’s surfaces, to achieve accurate 3-D perceiving in cluttered scenes. Specifically, the scene confidence analysis method is first proposed to identify the reflective properties of various surfaces and localize the camera pixels of the diffuse surface. The illumination status (i.e., "0" or "1") of each projector pixel can be determined according to the camera-projection coordinate mapping and spatial pattern coding, where only diffuse surfaces can be illuminated, thus fundamentally preventing the influences of indirect light from the point of view of the light source. The 3-D shapes of diffuse surfaces can be accurately reconstructed in cluttered scenes. Different from traditional reflective properties change or light separation solutions, the proposed method can achieve accurate 3-D perceiving of cluttered scenes without additional hardware or expensive calculation. Extensive experiments verify that the proposed method outperforms the traditional methods in terms of accuracy and robustness.
Model-based scenarios for achieving net negative emissions in the food system
Authors: Almaraz Maya , Houlton Benjamin Z. , Clark Michael , Holzer Iris , Zhou Yanqiu , Rasmussen Laura , Moberg Emily , Manaigo Erin , Halpern Benjamin S. , Scarborough Courtney , Lei Xin Gen , Ho Melissa , Allison Edward , Sibanda Lindiwe , Salter Andrew
Published: September 2023

Most climate mitigation scenarios point to a combination of GHG emission reductions and CO2removal for avoiding the most dangerous climate change impacts this century. The global food system is responsible for ~1/3 of GHG emissions and thus plays an important role in reaching emission targets. Consumers, technology innovation, industry, and agricultural practices offer various degrees of opportunity to reduce emissions and remove CO2. However, a question remains as to whether food system transformation can achieve net negative emissions (i.e., where GHG sinks exceed sources sector wide) and what the capacity of the different levers may be. We use a global food system model to explore the influence of consumer choice, climate-smart agro-industrial technologies, and food waste reductions for achieving net negative emissions for the year 2050. We analyze an array of scenarios under the conditions of full yield gap closures and caloric demands in a world with 10 billion people. Our results reveal a high-end capacity of 33 gigatonnes of net negative emissions per annum via complete food system transformation, which assumes full global deployment of behavioral-, management- and technology-based interventions. The most promising technologies for achieving net negative emissions include hydrogen-powered fertilizer production, livestock feeds, organic and inorganic soil amendments, agroforestry, and sustainable seafood harvesting practices. On the consumer side, adopting flexitarian diets cannot achieve full decarbonization of the food system but has the potential to increase the magnitude of net negative emissions when combined with technology scale-up. GHG reductions ascribed to a mixture of technology deployment and dietary shifts emerge for many different countries, with areas of high ruminant production and non-intensive agricultural systems showing the greatest per capita benefits. This analysis highlights potential for future food systems to achieve net negative emissions using multifaceted “cradle-to-grave” and “land-to-sea” emission reduction strategies that embrace emerging climate-smart agro-industrial technologies.
Considerations for occupational heat exposure: A scoping review
Authors: Cheveldayoff Paige , Chowdhury Fariha , Shah Nyah , Burow Carly , Figueiredo Melanie , Nguyen Nikki , Talbo Meryem , Jamasi Roshawn , Katz Alexandra , Pasquale Celina , Hill Lee
Published: September 2023

The ability to regulate core body temperature is a critical factor in avoiding occupational heart stress in demanding environments. Heat-related illness in an occupational setting is complex and multifactorial and includes environment (intrinsic and extrinsic), the occupational clothing requirements and physiological factors. Much of this research began in the gold mines in South Africa after several miners died due to heat related illness. Similar research was conducted during World War Two and was crucial for the creation of acclimatization techniques and strategies for acquiring thermal tolerance. Techniques such as fatigue recovery and body cooling are still used today to prevent heat related illness in individuals with occupations that have frequent exposure to heat and high physical loads. These individuals are at greater risk of heat related illness as extended exposure to a hot or humid environment in combination with strenuous physical activity can overwhelm the body’s homeostatic cooling mechanisms. In addition, individuals from special populations with chronic or acute health impacts such as diabetes mellitus, also have a greater risk for the aforementioned. Currently, there are several heat prevention strategies, including training and education, regulation and monitoring, in place to protect workers from heat related illness and casualty. These strategies, along with future considerations and the impact of climate change will be highlighted in this review.
Sexual and reproductive healthcare utilisation and affordability for South Sudanese refugees and host populations in Northern Uganda: A mixed methods study
Authors: Prabhakar Pallavi , Singh Neha S. , Sulaiman Munshi , King Jessica , Saddique Zia , Mounier-Jack Sandra , Asinde Barbara , Namakula Sylvia , Namatovu Josephine , Kapiti Rogers , Kasiri Joram , Borghi Josephine
Published: September 2023

Given Uganda’s increasing refugee population, the health financing burden on refugee and host populations is likely to increase because Uganda’s integrated health system caters to both populations. We used sexual, reproductive, and maternal health (SRMH) as a lens to assess the utilisation and user cost of health services in Northern Uganda to identify potential gaps in SRMH services and their financing. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 2,533 refugee and host women and girls in Arua and Kiryandongo districts. We conducted 35 focus group discussions and 131 in-depth interviews with host and South Sudanese refugees, community members, health workers, NGO and governmental actors. Qualitative data were analysed thematically using a framework approach. Quantitative data were analysed using t-test, chi-square tests, multivariate logistical regression, and a two-part model. We found high levels of access to maternal care services among refugee and host communities in Northern Uganda, but lower levels of met need for family planning (FP). Refugees had higher uptake of delivery care than host communities due to better-resourced refugee facilities, but incurred higher costs for delivery kits and food and less for transport due to facilities being closer. FP uptake was low for both groups due to perceived risks, cultural and religious beliefs, and lack of agency for most women. Host communities lack access to essential maternal healthcare services relative to refugees, especially for delivery care. Greater investment is needed to increase the number of host facilities, improve the quality of SRMH services provided, and further enhance delivery care access among host communities. Ongoing funding of delivery kits across all communities is needed and new financing mechanisms should be developed to support non-medical costs for deliveries, which our study found to be substantial in our study. All populations must be engaged in co-designing improved strategies to meet their FP needs.
Women’s strategies for navigating a healthy sex life post-sexual trauma
Authors: Mark Kristen P. , Vowels Laura M. , Mullis Lindsey , Hoskins Katarina
Published: September 2023

Sexual trauma is common. Consequences of sexual trauma can include deterioration of mental and physical health and it can also affect future romantic and sexual relationships. Previous studies have identified common healthy and destructive coping mechanisms to recover after experiencing sexual trauma, but few studies have investigated useful strategies to move into a healthy sexual relationship focused on resilience. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 41 women with a history of sexual trauma who were in a healthy sexual relationship at the time of participation. Participants provided strategies that helped them move beyond the sexually traumatic event(s) toward a healthy sexual relationship. Reflexive thematic analysis identified 5 effective and 6 ineffective strategies reported by the participants. Rich examples of resilience and empowerment were overarching in the effective strategies used for moving toward healthy sexual relationships. Women were also able to reflect on the strategies that were ineffective for them with kindness and understanding for their coping at that time, a normalizing theme for women working through sexual trauma. The results of this study will help therapists and researchers working with women who have experienced sexual trauma learn from their experiences in working beyond trauma toward a healthy sexual relationship.
Probing the substrate binding modes and catalytic mechanisms of BLEG-1, a promiscuous B3 metallo-β-lactamase with glyoxalase II properties
Authors: Au Shaw Xian , Mohd Padzil Azyyati , Muhd Noor Noor Dina , Matsumura Hiroyoshi , Raja Abdul Rahman Raja Noor Zaliha , Normi Yahaya M.
Published: September 2023

BLEG-1 fromBacillus lehensisG1 is an evolutionary divergent B3 metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) that exhibited both β-lactamase and glyoxalase II (GLXII) activities. Sequence, phylogeny, biochemical and structural relatedness of BLEG-1 to B3 MBL and GLXII suggested BLEG-1 might be an intermediate in the evolutionary path of B3 MBL from GLXII. The unique active site cavity of BLEG-1 that recognizes both β-lactam antibiotics and S-D-lactoylglutathione (SLG) had been postulated as the key factor for its dual activity. In this study, dynamic ensembles of BLEG-1 and its substrate complexes divulged conformational plasticity and binding modes of structurally distinct substrates to the enzyme, providing better insights into its structure-to-function relationship and enzymatic promiscuity. Our results highlight the flexible nature of the active site pocket of BLEG-1, which is governed by concerted loop motions involving loop7+α3+loop8 and loop12 around the catalytic core, thereby moulding the binding pocket and facilitate interactions of BLEG-1 with both ampicillin and SLG. The distribution of (i) predominantly hydrophobic amino acids in the N-terminal domain, and (ii) flexible amino acids with polar and/or charged side chains in both N- and C-termini provide additional advantages to BLEG-1 in confining the aromatic group of ampicillin, and polar groups of SLG, respectively. The importance of these residues for substrates binding was further confirmed by the reduction in MBL and GLXII activities upon alanine substitutions of Ile-10, Phe-57, Arg-94, Leu-95, and Arg-159. Based on molecular dynamics simulation, mutational, and biochemical data presented herein, the catalytic mechanisms of BLEG-1 toward the hydrolysis of β-lactams and SLG were proposed.
Neonatal outcomes from in vitro fertilization-conceived pregnancies
Authors: Imanadhia Ashfahani , Kaban Risma Kerina , Iskandar Adhi Teguh Perma , Putra Reynaldo Rahima , Natasa Ressa Hana
Published: September 2023

Background In vitro fertilization (IVF) shows potential to improve pregnancy success, especially for infertile couples. This technique has some risks for neonates in the perinatal period and may affect their future health.

Objective To investigate the characteristics and clinical outcomes of neonates from IVF-conceived pregnancies.

Methods This retrospective study was conducted in neonates from IVF-conceived pregnancies from January to December 2021 at Bunda Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Jakarta. We gathered data from medical records about maternal age and morbidity, gravidity, gestational age, method of delivery, multiple gestation, also neonates’ significant profiles like prematurity, birth weight, Apgar score, and morbidities in perinatal period. We would like to investigate the characteristics and clinical outcomes of neonates born from IVF-conceived pregnancies program.

Results There were 361 neonates whose mothers underwent IVF included in this study. Most mothers were ?35 years (70.9%) and on their first pregnancy (69.2%). Maternal complicating factors were premature contractions (16.6%), premature rupture of membranes (8.3%), and twin pregnancy (31.5%). About 98.6% of deliveries were performed by caesarean section and from IVF-conceived pregnancies program most 61.2% neonates were born at full term gestation (61.2%). Preterm deliveries occurred at a mean gestational age of 34.4 (SD 2.4) weeks. Subjects’ mean birth weight was 2,800.2 (SD 640.3) grams, with 26.3% in the low-birth-weight category. Most neonates (93.0%) were appropriate weight for gestational age and had good Apgar scores in the first minute (92.2%) and fifth minute (99.7%). However, 24.3% of neonates needed intensive care (NICU) with morbidities. The longest length of NICU stay was 100 days, with mortality of 7.9% of NICU-treated infants.

Conclusion In our setting, most neonates from the IVF program were born with good outcomes, although preterm birth rate, low birth weight, need for NICU care, and mortality rate were quite high. Further study is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes of IVF neonates.
Parents’ perceptions and expectations of COVID-19 vaccination for children in Banda Aceh
Authors: Prasetia Teuku Ade , Bakhtiar Bakhtiar , Herdata Heru Noviat , Sovira Nora , Anidar Anidar , Amna Eka Yunita , Haris Syafruddin
Published: September 2023

Background  Parents usually make the decisions on COVID-19 vaccinations for their children under the age of 18.

Objective To explore parents' perceptions and expectations of COVID-19 vaccination for children in Banda Aceh.

Methods This study used a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews of 36 parents in Banda Aceh. The data were analyzed qualitatively through thematic analysis.

Results Three themes were studied: (1) perceptions of parents willing to have their children vaccinated against COVID-19, (2) perceptions of parents who refused or delayed their children’s vaccination against COVID-19, and (3) parents' expectations regarding COVID-19 vaccination in children. Benefits of the vaccine and government policy were among the reasons that parents were willing to have their children vaccinated. Vaccine safety concerns, lack of information, strong immunity, healthy lifestyle, and religious beliefs were the main reasons for parental refusal or delay in vaccinating their children. Reduced cases of COVID-19 and the end of the pandemic, not being infected, developing immunity, and no adverse events following immunization, face-to-face learning in schools, as well as increased education and socialization from the government, society that was critical and selective in receiving information were the expectation of parents regarding COVID-19 vaccination in children.

Conclusion The perception of vaccine benefits and government policy influence parents to have their children vaccinated, while perception of vaccine safety concerns, lack of information, strong immunity, healthy lifestyle, and religious beliefs influence parents to refuse or delay their children being vaccinated. Parents' expectations regarding COVID-19 illness, their children’s response to the vaccine and education, as well as the government’s and society’s roles during the pandemic are qualitatively elucidated.
Factors associated with cognitive and communication delay in children aged 0 to 3 years using the Battelle-Developmental Inventory, 2nd edition
Authors: Febrina Florentina , Lawalata Veronika Cendana Pinasthika , Ramli Yetty
Published: September 2023

Background The first years of life are crucial in cognitive and communication development. Delayed functional development impedes children’s future academic and occupational performance. Therefore, early detection is important for effective resolution in order to minimize further impairment.

Objective To evaluate cognitive and communication developmental delay in children under 3 years  of age in Jakarta using the Battelle Developmental Inventory, 2nd edition (BDI-2).

Methods  A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jakarta in 2020, including children aged under 3 years of age without chronic medical conditions that hinder cognitive and speech function. We collected subjects’ demographic characteristics, evaluated their communication and cognitive development using the BDI-2, and analyzed for risk factors of delays.

Results Of 121 children, 34 (28.1%) had cognitive delay and 21 (17.4%) had communication delay. Bivariate analysis revealed that male gender (P=0.048) and non-exclusive breastfeeding (P=0.003) were significantly associated with communication delay, while only male gender was associated with cognitive delay (P=0.015). Multivariate analysis revealed that significant risk factors for communication delay were male gender (P=0.043) and non-exclusive breastfeeding (P=0.023).

Conclusion Male gender and non-exclusive breastfeeding are significant risk factors for delayed communication development, and only male gender was a significant risk factor for cognitive delay. Socioeconomic status, primary caregiver, and breastfeeding duration, were not found to be risk factors for delays.
Relatos de Casos e Comitês de Ética
Authors: de Moraes Sylvio Luiz Costa
Published: September 2023

Alguns colaboradores têm questionado a necessidade de submissão de publicações do tipo “Relato de Caso” a Comitês de Ética. Cabe-nos relembrar alguns pontos importantes sobre esse tipo de publicação.
Optimization of structural parameters and numerical simulation of stress field of composite crucible based on the indirect coupling method
Authors: Jiang Chunlei
Published: September 2023

The research starts with the treatment of the multiscale transmission problem and establishes the electromagnetic solidification transmission coupling mathematical model based on the indirect coupling method. It uses the three-dimensional magnetic field finite element theory to establish a three-dimensional crucible structure continuous casting model built on the electromagnetic solidification transmission coupling mathematical model. This model is used to optimize the parameters of the composite crucible structure and to simulate electromagnetic transmission and braking phenomena. The results show that the L-shaped static magnetic field has a more potent inhibition and a guidance effect on melt circulation. The braking effect of the actual magnetic field on the downward impact is worse. Under the influence of an L-shaped magnetic field, the flow velocity of the melt is better, and the flow state distribution is more smooth and uniform. The computational efficiency test results show that the conversion calculation time of the method designed in this study is 18.03 min. The total calculation time is 680.48 min, which is superior to traditional methods. It proves that this model can accurately analyze the magnetic field coupling problem and at the same time ensure the superiority of its computing efficiency.
What pronunciation specialists believe CELTA tutors need to know to prepare student teachers to teach pronunciation
Authors: Sweeting Arizio M. , Carey Michael D.
Published: September 2023

This study investigated tutors’ pronunciation teaching delivery in the Certificate in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (CELTA) through two sequential qualitative case studies. The study was conducted in three phases: (1) case 1 – teacher interviews, (2) case 2 – a Delphi with pronunciation specialists, (3) Comparative Case Study analysis. Phase one involved four semi-structured interviews with five English teachers from Australia via virtual group meetings. Phase two involved responses to three rounds of online Delphi questionnaires with an international panel of 13 pronunciation specialists. Information about pronunciation teaching practice emerged from the teacher interviews that informed the Delphi question frame. The pronunciation specialists’ consensus in the Delphi was that CELTA tutors need to develop an eclectic knowledge base of pronunciation instruction that reflects contemporary approaches in pronunciation research and teaching. Phase three combined the phase one and two results in a Comparative Case Study analysis that attended simultaneously to dimensions of time, policy, and culture to identify a model of pronunciation instruction amenable to the CELTA. Recommendations for tutors’ professional development based on a comparison of the teachers’ extant practical knowledge and the pronunciation specialists’ research-informed knowledge include a community of practice and a mini curriculum.
Monte Carlo variance propagation for the uncertainty modeling of a kinematic LiDAR-based multi-sensor system
Authors: Ernst Dominik , Vogel Sören , Alkhatib Hamza , Neumann Ingo
Published: September 2023

Kinematic multi-sensor systems (MSS) are widely used for various applications, like mobile mapping or for autonomous systems. Depending on the application, insufficient knowledge of a system, like wrong assumptions about the accuracy of calibrations, might lead to inaccurate maps for mapping tasks or it might endanger humans in the context of autonomous driving. Uncertainty modeling can help to gain knowledge about the data captured by a system. Usually, uncertainty estimations for MSSs are done as backward modeling based on a comparison to reference datasets. In this paper, a forward modeling approach for the uncertainty modeling of a LiDAR-based kinematic MSS is chosen to estimate the uncertainty of an acquired point cloud. The MSS consists of a Leica Absolute Tracker and a platform with a 6-DoF sensor and Velodyne VLP-16 LiDAR. Results of multiple calibrations are used as the source for the uncertainty information for a Monte Carlo (MC) variance propagation of the point uncertainties. The deviations of the acquired point clouds in comparison to a ground truth can be decreased by an ensemble referencing process using the MC samples. Furthermore, the predicted uncertainties for the point clouds are well representing the actual deviations for reference panels closer to the system. Panels farther away indicate remaining distance depending effects.
Eichner’s law in Latin, Greek and beyond: some neglected evidence
Authors: Martzloff Vincent , Machajdíková Barbora
Published: September 2023

According to a phonetic rule commonly referred to asEichner’s law, the quality of a long *ēwas not affected by an adjacent laryngeal *h2or *h3in the prehistory of the individual Indo-European languages: Latinspērāre‘hope’ < *spēh2-s-(desiderative), Old Slavicspěti‘be successful’ < *spēh2-(cf. *sph2-ró-in Ved.sphirá-and Lat.prosperus; *speh2-i-s-in Old Slavicspěxŭ); Tocharian Byerpe<*h3ērbh-o-‘disk, orb’ (without colouration) versus Latinorbis< *h3orbh-i-‘circle’. The purpose of the article is not to reassess the value of all reconstructions involving Eichner’s law, but to focus primarily on two neglected examples supporting its validity: Latinīdūs< *h2ēid-‘Ides’, a term originally referring to the full moon, for which a connection withaemidus< *h2eid-(a term glossed astumidus) can plausibly be argued; Greek ἔγκατα < *h2ēnk-‘mass of the inner organs of the thorax and of the upper part of the abdomen’ related to ὄγκος ‘swelling, tumour, bulk’ (from an older meaning ‘curvature’; the word constantly refers tovolume, not to weight). The striking structural parallelism between ἔγκατα < *h2ḗnk-r/n-‘pluck’ (with Osthoff-shortening) and ἧπαρ < *(H)yḗkw-r/n-‘liver’ requires a close reexamination of the latter word and a detailed discussion of the puzzling vocalism of Lat.iecur, gen.iocineris. The study aims at offering a careful analysis of these items, taking into account their precise semantics and the relevant comparative data. Particular emphasis will be laid upon the derivational processes responsible for the morphological shape of the lexemes under discussion. It will appear that the Classical languages, especially Latin, can make a decisive contribution to the understanding of the morphology of lengthened-grade formations, which in turn offer new insights into the history of the Latin and Greek lexicons.
Herausforderungen bei der Förderung der Gesundheit von Arbeitslosen am Beispiel JOBS Program Deutschland
Authors: Hollederer Alfons , Frempong Abdulqadir Hamza , Jahn Heiko J.
Published: September 2023

Mit dem JOBS Program steht ein internationales, evidenzbasiertes Programm zur Verbesserung der psychischen Gesundheit von Arbeitslosen auch in Deutschland zur Verfügung. Eine Befragung der „GKV-Federführenden“ des Verzahnungsprojekts von Arbeits- und Gesundheitsförderung erbrachte Erkenntnisse, wieso JOBS Trainings selten durchgeführt werden. Zentrales Hindernis war bislang die COVID-19-Pandemie. Daneben werden systemimmanente Hemmfaktoren trotz Interesse bei Arbeitslosen sowie Jobcenter konstatiert.
School-based interventions for the promotion of mental health and prevention of mental health problems: review of the literature
Authors: Busse Heide , Fuhr Daniela
Published: September 2023

Given the elevated prevalence of mental health symptoms in school-aged children, there are opportunities to intervene with universal and targeted interventions delivered in schools. Considering the evidence across selected reviews, school-delivered mental health promotion and illness prevention interventions show to have small and modest effects in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety. More research is required to find out what works best, for whom and under which circumstances.
Mechanical, fracture-deformation, and tribology behavior of fillers-reinforced sisal fiber composites for lightweight automotive applications
Authors: Miniappan Pethampalayam Karuppanan , Marimuthu Sivagnanam , Kumar Selvan Dharani , Gokilakrishnan Gopal , Sharma Shubham , Li Changhe , Dwivedi Shashi Prakash , Abbas Mohamed
Published: September 2023

The main focus of this study is on the effects of fly ash, basalt powder, and tungsten carbide (WC) on the mechanical (tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, and Shore D hardness) and tribology behavior of sisal fiber-reinforced composites. Using epoxy resin, the fillers (5–10 wt% of each) were mixed with sisal fiber and resin (30 wt%). A tensile strength of 86.3–112.2 MPa was observed with the addition of fly ash, basalt powder, and WC fillers. The tensile strength of S2 composite (basalt powder + epoxy resin) was 33.63% higher than that of composite without fillers. The flexural strength of S5 composite (basalt powder + WC) was found to be 166.4 MPa, which is nearly 19.95% higher than the composite without filler. The fly ash with WC (S4) and basalt powder (S5) composite showed similar impact strength (5.34 J·m−2), which was nearly 62% greater than the composites without filler. The superior hardness was noticed in S5 composite compared to all other filler-added composites. The least wear rate was noticed in S3 (WC) composites irrespective of all the loading conditions. The hybridization of fillers also enhanced the mechanical properties of sisal fiber–reinforced composites. However, single filler–reinforced composite (WC) improved the wear resistance compare to hybrid filler–reinforced composites. The inclusion of filler increases the load-carrying capability and adhesion, as determined by scanning electron microscope. The river-like pattern confirms that S2-composite failure was dominated by ductile. The least wear debris and grooved surfaces were results higher wear resistance in the hybrid filler–reinforced composites.
Can we really free ourselves from stereotypes? A semiotic point of view on clichés and disability studies
Authors: Paolucci Claudio , Martinelli Paolo , Bacaro Martina
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we try to build a semiotics of stereotypes through the key idea of enunciation. We investigate stereotypes of Persons with Disabilities in the context of social media networks (e.g., Facebook, Instagram) by adopting a semiotic perspective. The mainstream idea about stereotypes is that they are necessarily something negative, that must be avoided to maximize inclusivity and fairness. However, in our view, stereotypes are the background of our perception of the world, and we cannot escape from them, because when we leave behind a stereotype, it is only for adopting a new one built on a different basis. Therefore, it is crucial to understand stereotypes and the way they are expressed, since they are one of the enunciating instances that circulate in the space of the Encyclopedia. Through a semiotic point of view, we will follow how stereotypes transform, showing the way they change the modes of existence of meanings, shifting between the virtualized, the potentialized, the actualized, and the realized. Analyzing a huge corpus of social network messages built by the partners of the European project MeMe (Me & the Media: Fostering Social Media Literacy competences through Interactive Learning Settings for Adults with Disabilities), we will show how the advent of social media affected the research field of disability studies. Later, we will point out the variations of the classic stereotypes that have been addressed in the new participatory context of social media through the semiotic theory of enunciation.
The discursive legitimation of corporate ecological identity in Chinese sustainability discourse
Authors: Li Ke , Fontaine Lise
Published: September 2023

Ecological identity involves all aspects of how individuals or collectives identify themselves with nature. This paper aims to examine the discursive construction of corporate ecological identities in corporate sustainability reports in China and evaluate how these identities are legitimated through the lens of ecolinguistic discourse analysis. Our data was drawn from a collection of English-language sustainability reports of Huawei Technologies Corporation (2016–2020). The findings suggest a mix of ecological identities across all texts, among which stewarding nature dominates and it relates to the belief that humans are obligated to steward nature for the sake of sustainability. These ecological identities are discursively legitimized in terms of defining characteristics, social roles, and community memberships. Innovativeness, leadership and ethicalness are legitimated as the corporation’s dominant characteristics which serve as moral identity standards, allowing further legitimation of the social roles and community memberships that the corporation claims. In the case of social roles, green manufacturing depends on green technologies, and both of them point to the instrumentality and rightness of technology in advancing sustainability. These construals uncover the ecological sustainability in the Chinese cultural context, that is, achieving the harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. In legitimizing community memberships, hierarchical relationships between the corporation and other participants are revealed.
Masking directions: teacher instructions and COVID-19 protocols
Authors: LeBlanc Robert Jean
Published: September 2023

The arrival of COVID-19 disrupted the everyday life of the classroom. This interactional sociolinguistic research explores a teacher providing directions to students about COVID-19 safety protocols, delivered on the first three days of the students’ return to the classroom in August 2020 after a multi-month hiatus. Using audio-data collected over multiple hours as part of an ongoing long-term study of classroom interaction in a rural Canadian high school, it examines teacher strategies for delivering directives regarding COVID-19 safety policy, with particular attention to linguistic forms aimed at student compliance during the fraught early days of return. The findings outline strategies of delivering unambiguous directives regarding relatively mundane procedures, as well as strategies of avoidance—indirections—which were framed as negotiation and revoicing. This study explores the tenuous balance of risk and the everyday in the classroom, where the teacher attempts to reset the interactional order in light of new restrictions, new requirements, and new threats.
Eine Analyse zukünftiger Alterseinkommen im Lichte des Drei-Schichten-Modells: Zum Status quo der Altersvorsorge heutiger Generationen
Authors: Toussaint Philipp
Published: September 2023

In dieser Arbeit werden die zukünftigen Alterseinkommen der heute Vorsorgenden in den einzelnen Vorsorgewegen im Kontext des Drei-Schichten-Modells und die daraus resultierenden Ersatzquoten untersucht. Die Betrachtung des gesamten Alterssicherungsniveaus ist notwendig, um rentenpolitische Debatten führen und Handlungsempfehlungen ableiten zu können. Der Autor zeigt, dass Personen, die ausschließlich über eine Basisversorgung der ersten Schicht abgesichert sind, im Durchschnitt über ein Alterseinkommen von 48 Prozent ihres letzten Bruttoeinkommens verfügen. Wird zusätzlich zur ersten auch in der zweiten Schicht vorgesorgt, weisen die Versicherten eine Ersatzquote von 63,1 Prozent auf. Personen, die in allen drei Schichten vorsorgen, zeigen eine Ersatzquote von 82,1 Prozent.
Łódź „retro” w kryminałach historycznych
Authors:   Katedra Teorii Literatury, Wydział Filologiczny, Uniwersytet Łódzki, Izdebska Agnieszka
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the way of constructing the image of the city in historical crime fiction set in Łódź. The texts analyzed in the article are the novel Perkalowy dybuk [Percale dybbuk] by Konrad T. Lewandowski about the events of 1929, Tramwaj Tanfaniego [Tanfani’s tram] by Marcin Andrzejewski, a novel set in 1905, and Krzysztof Beśka’s trilogy Trzeci brzeg Styksu [The Third Shore of Styx] Pocztówka z Londynu [A Postcard from London] and Dolina popiołów [Valley of Ashes], novels set in the years 1892–1893. All the texts provide an point of departure for showing the image of Łódź at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries and in the interwar period, as shaped in the contemporary popular literature. Władysław Reymont’s Ziemia obiecana [The Promised Land] seems to be a starting point for all authors, but in all texts this image borrowed from the fundamental “Łódź text” becomes complicated. It seems that eventually in this unconventional form, which historical crime fiction undoubtedly is, we find a reflection of contemporary dilemmas of the urban space. Its residents try to find their own identity in the meanders of memory and oblivion in the industrial-proletarian past of the “bad city”.
Skaza wolności, piętno autokreacji. Nieludzki ciężar samostwarzania się podmiotu w antropologii romantycznej
Authors:   Szkoła Nauk o Języku i Literaturze, Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Barski Kamil
Published: September 2023

The tragic Romantic anthropology entailed a rebellious conflict with the world, other people and even with the self. Its integral part is a mental wound of Romantics, whose anthropological and philosophical contexts are presented in the article. The author attempts to establish a set of factors which led to the ethical, social, religious and psychological anxieties of the French post-revolution generations. To that end the author uses various approaches that encompass psychological aspects of different kinds of aggression aimed at God, the world and the self, psychoanalysis as well as philosophy (especially Kierkegaard’s thought). The strong Romantic subject appears to be a lie, and its tragedy resides in the demand for authenticity, which in itself posed too big a challenge for homeless newcomers in a completely transferred reality.
Służebność humanistyki w obliczu jej kryzysu
Authors:   Wydział Filologiczny, Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Trusewicz Szymon
Published: September 2023

The article discusses selected diagnoses on the crisis in the humanities. It concentrates on systemic issues related to the critical assessment of the relevance of the humanities to market realities as well as critical approaches to the humanities within the field itself. The freqenutly addressed problems faced by the members of academia are substantiated by sociological research and essayistic autoethnography. Problems of autonomy and engagement of the humanities are discussed in the context of Justyna Tabaszewska’s concept of subservient humanities presented in the work Humanistyka służebna. Negocjowanie pola i budowanie autonomii w dobie kryzysu [Subservient humanities. Mediating the field and building autonomy in times of crisis].
Zobaczyć ranę – uwagi o geopoetyce unaocznienia (na przykładzie Postępowania umorzonego Claudio Magrisa)
Authors:   Instytut Literaturoznawstwa, Uniwersytet Śląski, Gielata Ireneusz
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes Claudio Magris’s novel Blameless, which confronts its anonymous protagonist (and also its reader) with the emptiness of the whitewashed walls of Risiera, Trieste crematorium. This whiteness becomes a “symptom” (Didi Huberman), i.e. a whitened trace of, as the narrator puts it, “the real collective trauma of the city”. Magris’s novel confronts the reader with this whiteness – a “symptom” that points to the “Trieste wound”, in this way, demonstarting the temporal thickness of place. According to Magris, tourist brochures still cover the surface of the world like sticking plasters on wounds – this metaphor summarizes the way in which literature can unveil the traumatic past of a place.
Gladi u Srednjoj Lici u drugoj polovici 18. i prvoj polovici 19. stoljeća – ekološki i gospodarski čimbenici, sposobnost suočavanja i strategije adaptacije
Authors: Pavelić Filip
Published: September 2023

Lika povijesno nosi reputaciju prostora obilježenog siromaštvom i neugodnim vremenskim uvjetima. Ovaj rad analizira sve faktore koji su gurali društvo Srednje Like preko granice gladi. Niske temperature i obilne padaline (posebice snijeg) zimi te dugi periodi suše ljeti u prošlim su vremenima poljoprivredu činili nezahvalnom, pogotovo u okviru ekonomije temeljene na preživljavanju iz godine u godinu kakva je dominirala u 18. i 19. stoljeću. U korelaciji s lošom kvalitetom tla i širokim spektrom demografskih, ekonomskih i društvenih faktora, svi navedeni čimbenici doprinijeli su gladi u Srednjoj Lici u navedenom razdoblju. Državna politika i specifična struktura Vojne krajine također su ograničavali razvoj Like. Stanovništvo Like ipak je uspješno iskorištavalo neke svoje kvalitete kako bi preživjelo periode gladi te je pokazalo i mogućnost adaptacije kako bi se prevenirale gladi u godinama koje su bile pred njima. Fokusiranje na stočni fond, razvoj zadruga i implementaciju krumpira kao važne poljoprivredne kulture pomogli su u preživljavanju stanovnika Like 18. i 19. stoljeća.
ІНТЕГРОВАНА МЕТОДИКА НАВЧАННЯ СТУДЕНТІВ ФІЗИКИ НА ФІЗИЧНИХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЯХ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: ГАМАРНИК Анна , ЯЦУРА Михайло , РАЧІЙ Богдан , ЄМЕЛЬЯНОВА Дар’я
Published: September 2023

У статті акцентовано, що за останні роки авторами статті підготовлено й надруковано в різних наукових виданнях ряд праць, присвячених удосконаленню методики проведення різних видів навчальних занять зі студентами фізичних спеціальностей закладів вищої освіти. Дана робота є підсумковою (оглядовою), де пропонується розроблена інтегрована (інноваційна) методика викладання і навчання студентів фізики у вищій школі в період її реформації. Зокрема, розкрито бачення авторів однієї з основних проблем методики вищої школи – навчально-методичного супроводу вивчення фізики на всіх видах навчальних занять: практичних, лабораторних і семінарських заняттях, самостійній і індивідуальній роботах, дистанційному та змішаному навчанні, комп’ютерному тестуванні тощо. Оскільки поняття «змішане навчання» не відбиває справжньої суті методики навчальних занять, запропонований термін «змішане навчання» замінити поняттям «інтегрована методика проведення навчальних занять у вищій школі», яке і за змістом, і за формою більше підходить до характеристики методики навчання студентів у ЗВО.
Rheological properties of oligoisoprene liquids. Presentation in the framework of the Angell’s concept
Authors:   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske Shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, Shumsky V.F. , GETMANCHUK I.P. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske Shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, BOIKO V.P. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske Shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, GRISHCHENKO V.K. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske Shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine
Published: September 2023

The work is devoted to the study of self-organization processes in disperse systems. The most relevant aspect of such self-organization is the relationship between structure and properties in polymer composites. In this paper, we are talking about dispersion media (matrices), namely, the mechanisms of phenomena and interactions that occur during the deformation of disperse systems. These interactions depend on the properties and processes of self-organization of dispersion media and determine the properties of future polymer composites. One of the most popular dispersion media are diene oligomers (liquid rubbers). In this work, the rheology of diene oligomers with terminal hydroxyl groups (HRD) was studied in a wide range of shear rates and temperatures. It was assumed that in the case of oligoisoprene, an increase in the activation energy of viscous flow (from 46 to 95 kJ/mol) with decreasing temperature is associated with an increase in the density of the fluctuation dynamic structure with an increase in the volume content of associates of polar OH groups (i.e., nonionic micelles) with a decrease in thermal energy kT (k is the Boltzmann constant). The results of rheological studies for the first time (for non-ionic liquids) were presented within the framework of the Angell’s concept, from which it followed that these systems are fragile, i.e. they are very promising in terms of studying structure formation in a shear field.
PROMISING NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY FOR POULTRY FARMING BASED ON SILVER NANOPARTICLES EMBEDDED IN POLYMER-INORGANIC HYBRID CARRIERS
Authors:   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske shose, 02155 Kyiv, Ukraine, ZHELTONOZHSKAYA T.B. , SHEVCHENKO L.V. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 15 Heroyiv Oborony St., 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine, PERMYAKOVA N.M. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske shose, 02155 Kyiv, Ukraine, DOVBNIA Y.Y. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 15 Heroyiv Oborony St., 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine, KLEPKO V.V. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske shose, 02155 Kyiv, Ukraine, KLYMCHUK D.O. ,   M.G. Kholodniy Institute of Botany of the NAS of Ukraine, 2 Tereshchenkivska St., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2023

A promising composite material is proposed to reduce the endogenous and exogenous contamination of chicken eggs with pathogenic microflora during their formation and storage. It is based on hybrid biocompatible and biodegradable silica/polyacrylamide nanocarriers containing small silver nanoparticles (dav=2.4±1.0 nm) that are orally administered to laying hens with drinking water. The features of the formation of nanosilver in hybrid carriers by borohydride reduction of a silver salt at its various concentrations in an aqueous solution have been studied. An interesting effect of the sharp appearance of the second surface plasmon resonance band in the UV-Vis spectra of a silver salt/hybrid mixture at a high salt concentration was found. This was explained by sharp structural changes in the hybrid carriers caused by the simultaneous growth of many AgNPs in them. It was assumed that the intensive growth of many AgNPs in one hybrid particle was accompanied by detachment of the grafted PAAm chains from the SiO2 surface due to the breaking of hydrogen bonds. The change in the state of the composite material under the influence of the pH of the solution, the concentration of nanoparticles, the presence of NaCl (as in a “physiological solution”), and visible light was studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy, potentiometric titration, and TEM. Nanosilver in carriers showed high stability with respect to most of these factors. The influence of the composite material on the clinical state of laying hens and important parameters of their eggs and blood was studied when it was administered orally with drinking water three times every 10 days at doses of 0.2 and 0.4 mg per chicken per day. A striking effect of selective endogenous accumulation of silver in eggshells has been revealed. This confirmed the penetration of the nanosilver composite into the circulatory system of chickens by passing through the digestive tract, absorption through the intestinal epithelium and further transport into the tissues of the chickens, including the oviducts, where protein and eggshell are formed. Such penetration did not cause a toxic effect on the body of laying hens.