bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation Between the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System and Bethesda System of Cytology in Thyroid Nodule Evaluation
Authors:   Department of specialized surgery- college of medicine and health sciences- Hadramout University - Mukalla- Hadramout - Yemen, Omer Bahabara Jamal , Salem Basabaa Ahmed , Mohammed Bin Thalab Abeer , Yeslam Baothman Sameer , Khamis Alakbary Mohammed , Salim Musiaan Nabeel
Published: June 2024

Background: Accurate diagnosis of thyroid nodules is important for avoiding unnecessary surgeries and allowing timely treatment. Ultrasound and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) are the most commonly used diagnostic procedures. Objective: To correlate ultrasonography with the FNAC report findings using the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) and the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) in differentiating malignant from benign thyroid nodules. Patients and Methods: A prospective study conducted from January 2021 to January 2024 assessed 103 cases of thyroid nodules who underwent ultrasound examination and fine needle aspiration. Ultrasonography findings were analyzed and correlated with FNA cytology reports based on ACR-TIRADS and BSRTC. Results: Patients were predominantly female, n = 87 (84.4%). Most of the patients were in the 31–40 year group (n = 55, 53.39%). Most of the patient nodules had TIRADS 3 (n = 59, 57.28%), followed by TIRADS 2 (n = 20, 18.44%). When comparing the ACR TI-RADS scoring system with the TBSRTC, the percentage of malignancy for TR1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 was 0, 0, 1.6, 80, and 89%, respectively. In our study, the overall sensitivity and specificity of the TIRADS score were 94.11% and 96.51%, respectively. PPV: 84.21%; NPV: 98.80%; and accuracy: 96.11%. In addition, there was a significant association between TIRADS and the Bethesda system of classification (P < 0.001). Conclusion: ACR-TIRADS scoring is highly sensitive and accurate for diagnosing thyroid malignant nodules. It is a sensitive tool and could be used alone to determine the nature of thyroid nodules. Keywords: Thyroid malignancies, Ultrasonography, Yemen
Serum Ferritin Level as a Predictor for Intra Uterine Growth Restriction
Authors:   College of Medicine, University of Diyala, Iraq, Faisal Mohammed Inaam , Hassan Abass Rukaia , Ahmed Ali Taha , Khalaf Abbas Maysaloon
Published: June 2024

Background: Maternal serum ferritin is being explored as a potential predictor for Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR). Early detection of IUGR is crucial for improving perinatal outcomes and reducing associated mortality and morbidity. Objective: To evaluate the role of elevated maternal serum ferritin in predicting the risk of developing IUGR. Patients and Methods: A prospective case-control study was conducted at Al-Batool Teaching Hospital, Diyala, involving 51 pregnant women divided into two groups based on pregnancy status. Demographic data, obstetric history, and risk factors for IUGR were collected through a questionnaire, and blood samples were taken to measure hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels. Results: The study found that the mean serum ferritin level was significantly higher in the patient group (209.89±50.95 ng/ml) compared to the control group (66.91±37.49 ng/ml), with a p-value of <0.001. The mean birth weight was significantly lower in the patient group (1873.81±425.62 g) compared to the control group (3078.67±415.56 g), also with a p-value of <0.001. There were no significant differences in age and hemoglobin levels between the two groups. Conclusion: Elevated maternal serum ferritin levels may suggest an increased risk of IUGR, emphasizing the need for further research to validate its role as a predictive marker. Keywords: Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), Serum Ferritin, Pregnancy, Predictive Marker, Perinatal Outcomes.
Influence of Some Plant Extracts on Antifungal Properties, Hardness, and Peel Bond Strength of Heat-Cured Denture Soft Liner
Authors: Saad Ahmed, Ali , Saad Kamil, Saif , Saad Ahmed, Rusul , Kamal Younus Najatee
Published: June 2024

Background: Soft liners in dentures play a crucial role in enhancing patient comfort and preventing tissue irritation especially for patients with resorbed ridges. However, microbial colonization presents a challenge to their long-term effectiveness, particularly Candida albicans, leading to conditions like denture-induced stomatitis.
Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy and mechanical properties of heat cured soft liners incorporating plant extracts from Olea europaea and Ficus carcia, individually and synergistically.
Patients and Methods: Extracts were obtained through Soxhlet extraction, and their antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans was determined using the broth microdilution method. Soft liner specimens were prepared with varying concentrations of the extracts and subjected to disk diffusion tests, shore A hardness measurements, and peel bond strength tests. Statistical analysis involved the use of one-way ANOVA and Dunnett tests.
Results: Results demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity, with the synergistic mixture exhibiting the highest inhibition zone against Candida albicans. Moreover, the addition of such extracts led to increased shore A hardness, with the highest levels recorded for synergistic groups. The extracts also displayed a significant decrease in peel bond strength, indicating potential challenges in adhesive properties. These findings suggest that while individual extracts show promise in antimicrobial efficacy and mechanical reinforcement of soft liners, their combination may lead to compromised adhesive properties.
Conclusion: The study contributes valuable insights into the development of antimicrobial soft liners reinforced with Olea europaea and Ficus carcia extracts, advancing dental materials towards improved patient outcomes and enhanced oral health.
Serum Ferritin Level as a Predictor for Intra Uterine Growth Restriction
Authors: Faisal Mohammed, Inaam , Hassan Abass, Rukaia , Ahmed Ali, Taha , Khalaf Abbas Maysaloon
Published: June 2024

Background: Maternal serum ferritin is being explored as a potential predictor for Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR). Early detection of IUGR is crucial for improving perinatal outcomes and reducing associated mortality and morbidity.
Objective: To evaluate the role of elevated maternal serum ferritin in predicting the risk of developing IUGR.
Patients and Methods: A prospective case-control study was conducted at Al-Batool Teaching Hospital, Diyala, involving 51 pregnant women divided into two groups based on pregnancy status. Demographic data, obstetric history, and risk factors for IUGR were collected through a questionnaire, and blood samples were taken to measure hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels.
Results: The study found that the mean serum ferritin level was significantly higher in the patient group (209.89±50.95 ng/ml) compared to the control group (66.91±37.49 ng/ml), with a p-value of <0.001. The mean birth weight was significantly lower in the patient group (1873.81±425.62 g) compared to the control group (3078.67±415.56 g), also with a p-value of <0.001. There were no significant differences in age and hemoglobin levels between the two groups.
Conclusion: Elevated maternal serum ferritin levels may suggest an increased risk of IUGR, emphasizing the need for further research to validate its role as a predictive marker.
The Relations Between High Body Mass Index and Breast Cancer Characteristics
Authors: Salam Marouf Shwan
Published: June 2024

Background: In the context of rising obesity rates globally, understanding the effect of high body mass index (BMI) on breast cancer characteristics is crucial. Previous research has hinted at associations between obesity and some specific features, such as tumor receptor status and axillary lymph node involvement. However, a comprehensive investigation into these relationships is essential for informing targeted interventions and advancing our understanding of breast cancer in the context of obesity.
Objective: To investigate the relationship between high BMI and some key tumor characteristics such as hormone receptor status, HER2 receptor status, tumor grade, tumor size and axillary lymph node status.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 186 female breast cancer patients treated at Rizgary Teaching Hospital's Oncology Department in Erbil City during the year 2021.
Results: The study revealed a statistically significant association between elevated BMI and certain pivotal breast tumor characteristics, particularly HER2 receptor status. Additionally, obese individuals exhibited a significantly greater probability of having axillary lymph node-positive disease compared to their non-obese counterparts.
Conclusion: This study establishes a noteworthy association between high BMI and some critical breast cancer characteristics, which may underscore the clinical relevance of body mass index in shaping breast cancer profiles.
Frequency and associated factors of mask-induced acne among healthcare workers
Authors: Abbas Ali, Kholood , Majeed Sqban Zainab
Published: June 2024

Background: Mask-induced acne, also known as maskne, is a skin condition that has become increasingly prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic. The prolonged use of facial masks has been found to cause skin irritation, inflammation, and the development of acne. Healthcare workers are at an increased risk due to their prolonged and consistent use of facial masks during their work.
Objective: To investigate the occurrence and identify risk factors of mask induced acne among health care workers.
Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 115 healthcare workers at Al_Imamain Al_Kadhumain Medical city who wore the mask daily. Collected data include demographic characteristics (age, sex, and occupation),  mask-wearing data include the type of mask worn, the pattern of mask use (disposable or reusable mask), time spent wearing masks over the years, the daily duration of mask usage, and specifics regarding participants' acne, encompassing the type and facial location of the acne, as well as accompanying symptoms (itching, dryness, oiliness, moisture, warmth, and excessive facial sweating), and factors that exacerbate the condition, were all considered in the study.
Results: Out of 115 included subjects 37 (32.17%) were suffering from new-onset mask induce acne.  There were 10 men and 27 women. The mean age was 35.5±7.3 years (range: 24-47). The vast majority of the included participants (81.08%) were wearing surgical masks. The duration of mask use in about three-fourths of patients was ≥ one year. About three-fourth of patients were using reusable mask.  Pustules were the most common lesion, accounting for two-thirds of the participants, followed by comedones (37.83%). The most common site was cheeks (75.67%), followed by the chin (48.65%). Stress was the most common aggravating factor occurred in 37.84% of the participants, followed by high-glycemic diet and hot weather (27.03% each).
Conclusion: Female, prolonged duration of mask use and wearing reusable masks could be associated with the development of maskne. Stress and a glycemic diet could aggravate the lesion associated with maskne.
Evaluation the efficacy of NB-UVB treatment alone in comparison with combination therapy of NB-UVB and oral prednisolone in treatment of vitiligo
Authors: Abdullah Khamees Mohammed Al-Sammarraie Yasir
Published: June 2024

Background: The treatment landscape for vitiligo has witnessed diverse approaches yielding variable outcomes.
Objective: To discern the optimal approach in terms of both tolerability and efficacy by comparing Narrow Band Ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy with adjunctive oral mini pulse (OMP) prednisolone tablets.
Patients and Methods: A total of eighty-seven individuals with progressive vitiligo were enrolled in a one-year study, with participants allocated randomly across three study groups through a continuous selection method. Group 1 received a combination of NB-UVB and OMP prednisolone tablets, group 2 underwent NB-UVB treatment only, and group 3 received OMP prednisolone tablets alone. Clinical assessments were conducted at three- and six-month intervals, and statistical analyses were performed utilizing descriptive and bivariate techniques, including the chi-square test, to gauge the significance of differences between the various groups.
Results: In Group 1 (NB-UVB + OMP), substantial improvement was observed in 41.4%, accompanied by moderate improvement in 44.8% of patients. Group 2 (NB-UVB) demonstrated marked improvement in 31.0% and moderate improvement in 38.0%. In Group 3 (OMP), a lower proportion experienced marked (13.8%) or moderate (3.4%) improvement. Chi-square test findings indicated that the combination of NB-UVB and OMP correlated significantly with marked and moderate improvement in contrast to OMP alone, with respective values of χ² = 6.434 (p = 0.001) and χ² = 7.831 (p = 0.015) after a six-month follow-up.
Conclusion: Through a comprehensive evaluation of three treatment modalities in vitiligo patients, it was established that the sole application of oral mini pulse steroids (OMP) held an adjunctive value, lacking substantial efficacy on its own. Remarkably, the amalgamation of Narrow Band UVB and OMP presented a clear advantage over either treatment administered independently.
Body Image and Self-Confidence in Young Women Who are Victims of Body Shaming
Authors: Putri Annisaa Regina Kencana , Bajirani Made Padma Dewi
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The act of body shaming makes young women feel sad and insecure. Young women need high self-confidence to be able to support their developmental tasks. One of the factors that supports increasing self-confidence is an assessment of physical appearance or body image. This research aims to explore the correlation between body image and self-confidence among young women who have been victims of body shaming, utilizing a correlational quantitative approach. The respondents in this study were 170 teenage girls aged 12 to 15 who were victims of body shaming in Denpasar City. Data collection involved administering validated and reliable self-confidence and body image scales. The findings revealed a significant relationship between aspects of body image (appearance evaluation, appearance orientation, body area satisfaction, overweight occupation, and self-classified weight) and self-confidence among young women who were victims of body shaming (p=0.000 < .05). This study underscores the critical need for interventions and support systems to address body shaming among young women, emphasizing the importance of fostering positive body image to enhance self-confidence and well-being.

Keywords: body image; self-confidence; body shaming
Analysis of the Impact of Standardized Patient Teaching Model on Clinical Practice Results in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: Dang Qun , Zhang Lili
Published: June 2024

Objective: To explore the effect of the standardized patient teaching model on the clinical practice of obstetrics and gynecology. Methods: Interns of the hospital’s Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology that were from the May 2022 to July 2023 batch were selected as the study subjects. A total of 42 people were selected, and they were separated into a traditional group and an observation group using a random number table method, with 21 people in each group. The former group underwent traditional teaching while the latter underwent standardized patient teaching. Results: The scores of interns in the observation group for theoretical knowledge, case analysis, and clinical practice were all significantly higher than those of the traditional group (P < 0.01). Besides, the interns in the observation group gave higher scores for teaching content, teaching methods, and teacher satisfaction than those of the traditional group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The standardized patient teaching model is conducive to improving interns’ professional skills and increasing their teaching satisfaction, so it should be popularized.
Comparative Analysis of Budesonide Treatments on Blood Gas and Inflammation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Remission
Authors: Liu Wei
Published: June 2024

Objective: To investigate the effects of budesonide on blood gas and inflammation indexes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during remission. Methods: Fifty-one patients with COPD in remission, admitted to Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University from July 2021 to December 2022, were selected and divided into two groups based on a randomized numerical table method. The control group (25 cases) received budesonide formoterol treatment, while the observation group (26 cases) received budesonide geforce treatment. Various indexes, including clinical efficacy, blood gas indexes, inflammation indexes, St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test (CAT) scores, and 6-minute Walking Distance Test (6MWD) results, were compared between the two groups. Results: After 21 days of treatment, the total clinical effectiveness rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Post-treatment, the PaO2 level and pH value in both groups were higher, and the PaCO2 level was lower compared to pre-treatment levels. The observation group showed better improvements in these indicators than the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). SGRQ and CAT scores for both groups were lower post-treatment, with the observation group scoring lower than the control group. Additionally, the 6MWD results were farther for both groups post-treatment, with the observation group achieving greater distances than the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Budesonide can effectively improve blood gas indexes in patients with COPD in remission, alleviate related clinical symptoms, reduce inflammatory responses, and promote patient recovery. The treatment efficacy is significant.
Effectiveness of Atorvastatin Combined with Trimetazidine in the Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease in the Elderly and Their Effect on Cardiac Function
Authors: Yang Fan
Published: June 2024

Objective: To analyze the effect of atorvastatin combined with trimetazidine in the treatment of elderly coronary artery disease and the effect on patients’ cardiac function. Methods: 60 cases of elderly coronary artery disease patients were divided into 2 groups by randomization method, and all of them received conventional symptomatic treatment, while atorvastatin was added to the control group and trimetazidine was combined with atorvastatin in the observation group, and the clinical indexes were compared. Results: After treatment, the angina attack, cardiac function indexes, and inflammatory factor levels of the observation group were better than those of the control group (P < 0.05), and the differences in adverse reactions between the two groups were not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Combined treatment of coronary heart disease in the elderly with atorvastatin and trimetazidine can positively reduce angina symptoms, improve cardiac function, and reduce inflammatory reactions, and the effect is definite.
Relações entre a mudança do ambiente institucional e o ambiente de negócios: o caso de Paragominas-PA (Brasil)
Authors: Venceslau Bruna Vidal , Ribeiro Marcos Samuel Matias , Rodrigues Marcos , Silva David Correia
Published: June 2024

O presente trabalho objetiva estudar o ambiente de negócios de Paragominas, um município do estado do Pará que, entre 2007 e 2008, sofreu intervenções governamentais, como a inserção na Lista de Municípios Prioritários (LMP) e a Operação Arco de Fogo (OAF), ações estas que atuaram para combater o desmatamento e oferecer alternativas sustentáveis à economia da região. Dessa forma, serão verificadas se as instituições estabelecidas nesse município criaram um ambiente institucional promotor de uma mudança de trajetória da produção agrícola municipal que aqui interpretamos como variáveis operacionais para a compreensão do ambiente de negócios. Para cumprir os objetivos utilizou-se o Teste U de Mann-Whitney e de PESTEL. Os resultados demonstraram que a intervenção estatal no combate ao desmatamento no município foi ineficiente, uma vez que o desflorestamento seguiu um fluxo contínuo. No entanto, no que se refere às atividades agropecuárias, ao longo dos últimos anos, elas vêm sendo reestruturadas com o decréscimo da criação de gado e o fortalecimento das atividades graneleiras, como soja e milho.
Aqua drugs and chemicals used in commercial aquaculture in Mymensingh, Bangladesh
Authors: Bari Sayed Mashequl , Hassan Md Naimul , Ahmed Kazi Towsif , Islam Md Muttakinul , Mahmud Md Nasim , Razzak Md Abdur , Hussain Monayem , Ahammad Basir
Published: June 2024

Mymensingh is a division in north-central Bangladesh renowned for its lush landscapes and agricultural productivity, with a strong focus on aquaculture as a key part of its economy. The study was performed to investigate the aqua drugs companies and their products used in commercial aquaculture farms in Mymensingh division. Questionnaire based data were collected from representatives of various aqua drug companies, district and upazila fisheries offices, chemical vendors, farmers, and hatchery owners of the Mymensingh division. The present study found aquaculture practices in Mymensingh rely heavily on various antibiotics, probiotics, disinfectants, and feed additives to prevent the spread of diseases, maintain water quality, and increase growth of culture fishes. Drugs from various companies are widely utilized across the Mymensingh division. Fishtech BD contributing the highest percentage (12%), followed by Eon Pharmaceutical Ltd. (11%) and ACI Animal Health (10%), while AVON Animal Health made the lowest contribution (2%). Among the various drugs from different companies, Renamycin (antibiotic), Timsen and Emsen (disinfectants), Pond Care (probiotics), Zeolite Gold, Gasonex, and Mega Zeo Plus (zeolite) are commonly preferred by the farmers. The study also found that many farmers lack knowledge about chemical ingredients, proper dosages, and appropriate application methods. Therefore, adequate training and implementation of government rules and regulations are necessary to ensure responsible use.
Comparative advantages of aqueous extract of mustard crop residues with herbicide to weed control and crop performance of wheat
Authors: Dola Nazia Azrin , Sarker Uttam Kumer , Ahmed Md. Towkir , Upama Sinthia Ahmed , Rashid Md. Harun Or , Uddin Md. Romij
Published: June 2024

The detrimental effects of excessive synthetic herbicide use on the environment and yield losses from weeds in low-input agricultural systems have made sustainable weed management imperative. In this respect, a field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory (AFL) of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, from November 2021 to March 2022, to explore the effects of mustard crop residue extracts on weed control and yield performance of wheat. The study considered three varieties: BARI Gom-32, BARI Gom-33, and BWMRI Gom-1 and six different treatment such as, no weeding (control), recommended dose of herbicide (RDH), 90% RDH + 1:20 aqueous extract of mustard (AEM), 80% RDH + 1:20 AEM, 70% RDH + 1:20 AEM, 60% RDH + 1:20 AEM. Three replications of a randomized complete block design (RCBD) were used in the experiment. The AEM and variety significantly influenced weed population (WP) and dry weight (DW), with BWMRI Gom-1 showing the highest WP and BARI Gom-32 the lowest. BARI Gom-32 also produced the highest grain yield (GY) and other yield-contributing characteristics. The best results, including the highest numbers of effective tillers (NET) hill-1 (7.67), number of grains spike-1 (NGS) (47.67), 1000-grain weight (TGW) (57.67g), GY (5.02 t ha-1), and straw yield (SY) (6.93 t ha-1), were observed in plots treated with the RDH and the BARI Gom-32 variety, followed by 90% RDH + 1:20 AEM. These findings suggested that aqueous mustard crop residue extracts could be an effectively source to suppress WP and enhance yield.
An investigation on the performance of rice threshing drums in the southwestern region of Bangladesh
Authors: Keya Anamica Chowdhury , Baidya Joyshankar , Alim Mst. Sabina , Uddin Gazi Tamiz , Husna Asmaul , Niloy Sabyasachi , Hasan Md. Tuhinul
Published: June 2024

This study evaluated the performance indices of the locally developed rice-threshing drum in the Khulna region of Bangladesh. Threshing efficiency, throughput capacity, output capacity, threshing capacity and grain to straw ratio were assessed and data were analyzed using ANOVA as a statistical tool. The study involved the thresher with different engine horsepower capacities (25hp, 20hp, and 16hp). The variables of paddy were two stages of moisture content (14% referred as dry condition and 23% referred as wet condition), four different cutting heights of paddy (25-30, 30-35, 35-40 and 40-45 cm). The values for threshing efficiency, threshing capacity, output capacity, throughput capacity and grain to straw ratio in dry conditions ranged from 97.83 – 98.83%, 1700-2373 kg/hr, 27.75 -36.46 kg/hr, 930 – 1436 kg/hr and 1.21-1.54 respectively and in wet condition ranged from 96.15 – 97.79%, 1168-2167 kg/hr, 41.64 -49.99 kg/hr, 622 – 1280 kg/hr and 1.14-1.45, respectively. It was observed that with the increase in moisture content, cutting height and decrease in engine horsepower, there was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in output capacity, threshing capacity, threshing efficiency and grain to straw ratio and vice versa. Therefore, the thresher used would be more useful by maintaining a proper combination of machine-crop parameters such as a moisture content of 14-15 %, an engine horsepower of 25 hp and a cutting height of 25-30 cm. Insights from this study can guide the development and adoption of improved paddy-threshing technologies in the region.
Detection of citrus greening disease and field efficacy of anti-pathogen chemicals against the disease in mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco.) in Gulmi, Nepal
Authors: Poudel Abhinav , Kafle Kamal , Subedi Susan
Published: June 2024

Citrus cultivation in Nepal faces a persistent decline due to the widespread prevalence of Huanglongbing (HLB), also known as Citrus Greening Disease, across citrus-growing regions. This has resulted in significant economic losses for farmers, prompting them to actively seek preventive and remedial measures. In a study conducted at Resunga Municipality and Dhurkot Rural Municipality, Gulmi, aimed at addressing this decline, 51 orchards were assessed for HLB using the starch iodine test. Concurrently, the efficacy of anti-pathogen chemicals in managing citrus greening disease in mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) was evaluated. An experiment was designed, incorporating eight treatments in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Each replication included eight treatments designated as follows: T1: Neem oil 5ml/l + Lentinan 2ml/l, T2: Neem Oil 5ml/l + B. amyloliquefacians 5ml/l, T3: Neem oil 5ml/l + Pseudomonas 5ml/l, T4: Imidacloprid 0.02% + Copper Oxychloride 0.025%, T5: Imidacloprid 0.02% + Streptocycline 250ppm, T6: B. thuringiensis 2ml/l + Pseudomonas 5ml/l, T7: B. thuringiensis 2ml/l + B. amyloliquefacians 5ml/l, T8: control. Results revealed that among the orchards tested, 18 were positive for HLB, representing 35.2% of the sample size. Notably, plots treated with Neem oil + B. amyloliquefacians and B. thuringiensis + B. amyloliquefacians exhibited the most significant reduction in disease severity compared to the control. Based on these findings, foliar application of Neem oil at a concentration of 5ml/l along with B. amyloliquefacians at 5ml/l, and B. thuringiensis at 2ml/l along with B. amyloliquefacians at 5ml/l at monthly intervals showed promising results in reducing the severity of citrus greening.
Assessment of wheat genotypes for spot blotch (Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc.) resistance under artificial epiphytotic conditions in the inner terai of Nepal
Authors: Poudel Ajaya , Mehta Aman , Gurung Suk Bahadur , Bhusal Asmita , Itani Ashok , Kulung Oshna , Yadav Saurav
Published: June 2024

Spot blotch, caused by (Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc.) is a significant fungal disease leading to economic losses in wheat (Triticum aestivum), especially in regions with low soil fertility and warm, humid climates, such as the inner Terai of Nepal. A field experiment was conducted at the National Maize Research Program (NMRP), Rampur, Chitwan, during winter of 2021/022 with an aim of identifying wheat genotypes with spot blotch resistance under artificial epiphytotic conditions. Each genotype was sown in a single 2-meter long row alongside susceptible check genotypes (Agra and Morocco) at every 20th row. Aqueous spore suspension of B. sorokiniana was applied twice in border rows during the booting stage at 15-day intervals. Disease severity was assessed four times at five-day intervals using a double-digit scale based on the percentage blighted area on the flag and penultimate leaf, and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated. The results categorized 43 genotypes as resistant, 127 as moderately resistants, 135 as moderately susceptible, 66 as susceptible, and 7 as highly susceptible based on AUDPC. Cluster analysis identified cluster 3 comprising 17 genotypes as superior in terms of disease resistance as well as agronomic parameters. NRN-34 emerged as the top-ranked genotype within this cluster, followed by NAL-73, NAL-94, NAL-12, NRN-34, NAL-57, NAL-43, NAL-82, and NAL-35, exhibiting lower AUDPC values and higher yield-attributing character values.  This study will aid breeders in developing spot blotch-resistant and high-yielding wheat varieties by incorporating the identified promising genotypes into further breeding programs.
Pengaruh Kecukupan Modal dan Penyaluran Kredit UMKM terhadap Kinerja PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia
Authors: Setyadi Dwi , Sunardi Nardi
Published: June 2024

This research was conducted to determine and analyze the Effect of Capital Adequacy, Lending of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises on Company Performance.The object of research on PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia for the period 2012-2021.  The data used in this study is secondary data, The data analysis techniques used are descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression, statistical test. The results of this study show that partially capital adequacy has no effect and is not significant on the company's performance, the distribution of micro, small and medium enterprises loans has an effect and is significant on the company's performance, capital adequacy and the distribution of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) loans simultaneously affect the company's performance.
PENGARUH PROGRAM SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT. TIRTA SUKSES PERKASA GOWA
Authors: Trianita Della Diyan , Haeruddin Muhammad Ilham Wardhana , Kurniawan Agung Widhi
Published: June 2024

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh program pengembangan  sumber daya manusia terhadap kinerja karyawan PT. Tirta Sukses Perkasa Gowa. Variabel bebas pada penelitian ini adalah pengembangan sumber daya alam sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah kinerja karyawan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 50 orang. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi sederhana dengan menggunakan spss 22 for windows. Hasil penelitian ini yang diperoleh dari uji t menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan antara kedua variable dengan probabilitas sig. sebesar 0,000  dimana nilai ini jauh lebih kecil daripada 0,05. Hal ini berarti bahwa program pengembangan sumber daya manusia mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Dikarenakan nilai signifikan lebih kecil dari taraf kesalahan (0,05). Kesimpulannya adalah program pengembangan sumber daya manusia berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan PT. Tirta Sukses Perkasa Gowa.Kata kunci : Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia, Kinerja KaryawanAbstract. This research is to find out whether there is an influence of human resource deveplopment program on the performance of PT. Tirta Sukses Perkasa Gowa. Employees. The independent variable in this research is human resource deveplopment, while the dependent variable is employee performance. This type of research is quantitative research. The number of respondents used in this research was 50 people. The data analysis technique used in this research is simple linear regression analysis using SPSS 22 for Windows. The results of this research obtained from the t test show a significant influence between the two variables with a probability of sig. of 0.000 where this value is much smaller than 0.05. This means that human resource deveplopment has a significant influence on employee performance. Because the significant value is smaller than the error level (0.05). The conclusion is that human resource deveplopment has a positive and significant effect on the performance of PT. Tirta Sukses Perkasa Gowa. employeesKeywords : Human Resource Deveplopment, Employee Performance
History of equine rhinopneumonia research
Authors: Popov A. A. , Neustroev M. P. , Vasil'eva S. A.
Published: June 2024

Materials on the history of the study of equine rhinopneumonia are presented. The study of rhinopneumonia began in the mid-19th century. At first the disease was called Influenza, and then it began to be differentiated as independent diseases: grippe, Influenza, contagious catarrh of the upper respiratory tract, infectious pleuropneumonia. In 1933, American scientists Dimock and Edwards found that abortions were noted in horses with influenza. After examining the findings, they determined the viral etiology of the disease. Since 1941, opinions have been expressed that influenza and equine viral abortion are the same disease, but occurring in different forms. The nervous form of equine herpes virus was first reported in Norway in 1966, then in the United States, Canada, and European countries. In the USSR in 1955, N.N. Oleinik registered viral abortion of horses. Subsequently, rhinopneumonia of horses was investigated by K.P. Yurov. The virus was first isolated and identified by K.P. Yurov and N.N. Kryukov in 1969, 1970 from the foals with respiratory disease on horse farms in the Ryazan region. The Office International des Epizootics (OIE) reference laboratory for equine rhinopneumonia was established in 1995. Methods of diagnosis and prevention of rhinopneumonia in horses have been developed on the basis of this laboratory. Equine rhinopneumonia is widespread in Europe, Asia and Africa, as well as in both subcontinents of North and South America. There is a large proportion of horses on all continents that have antibodies to this infection virus. According to literature data, equine herpes virus has been reported in a number of European countries, including CIS countries and Russia.
Efficiency of using the "Meadow of Health" feed table cover
Authors: Dursenev M. S. , Bayunova N. A. , Ovsyannikov Yu. S.
Published: June 2024

The results of using the polymer cover of the feed table "Meadow of Health" in comparison with the concrete feed table are presented. The research was carried out in the conditions of the dairy livestock complex of the Kirov region on milk cows of the Black-and-White Holstein breed during the lactation period. Concrete feed tables for cows during the lactation stabilization period at the time of carrying out had average wear, while the cover of the feed table "Meadow of Health" remained smooth and even for 6 months. The study of microbial contamination of feed table covers showed, that already one month after the beginning of the experiment, the number of microbial cells was 54.7% lower (p< 0.05) in the 1st experimental group, where the "Meadow of Health" cover was used, compared to the concrete table. The amount of uneaten feed residues on the feed tables with the "Meadow of Health" cover was less in comparison with the concrete feed table (p< 0.05), which indicates better palatability of forage mixture from this cover. When transferring cows from polymer cover to concrete from the 2nd month of lactation, a decrease in average daily milk yields by 0.9 kg was observed. By the 4thmonth of lactation, the reduction in milk yield was 4.8 kg of milk per head per day. When transferring cows from a concrete feed table to a polymer one, there was an increase in milk productivity by 0.4–1.3 kg per head/day. In the first 3 months, the consumption of feed from a polymer-coated table increased by 2.3–5.6% compared to the concrete one. During 5 months of lactation, cows from the cover of the feed table "Meadow of Health" ate feed by 6.8–8.6% more than from concrete, which led to greater productivity of the animals during the analyzed period. The use of the polymer cover of the feed table "Meadow of Health" allowed to get additional profit in the amount of 20,460 rubles and recoup the costs of its installation already on the 39th day of use.
Mythologization of the father’s image in American literary nonfiction of the 1990s
Authors: Nesmelova O. , Konovalova Zh.
Published: June 2024

At the turn of the 20th-21st centuries, the literary process of the USA demonstrates a steady move towards an organic fusion of fiction and nonfiction, on the one hand, and mythologization / demythologization of national history and images, on the other. This paper addresses mythologization of the image of the father in nonfiction novels “Unto the Sons” (1992) by G. Talese and “Patrimony: A True Story” (1991) by Ph. Roth. In their literary nonfiction, both G. Talese and Ph. Roth often turn to the problems of the search for national identity, which is connected with their origin. In the book “Unto the Sons”, G. Talese dwells upon the history of his family, focusing on the image of his father whom he presents as the embodiment of the national type of a self-made man. “Patrimony: A True Story” by Ph. Roth focuses on the serious illness and death of the writer’s father, which makes him plunge into philosophical reflections on life and death, national history and identity. Based on the material of these works, the article considers the synthesis of fiction and nonfiction in G. Talese’s and Ph. Roth’s creative work, in particular, in terms of transformation of a real person into a mythological figure.
To end the eternal Wednesday afternoon: The search for the foundations of human existence in “The Last Gentleman” by Walker Percy
Authors: Nikulina A.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the philosophical issues in Walker Percy’s novel “The Last Gentleman”, revealed in the author’s modeling of the plot development and in creating character images with conscious reliance on the provisions of Kierkegaard’s and Marcel’s existentialist philosophy. The main problem in the book centers round the desire of a person to find his own way in a situation of existential choice, the search for faith as the significant basis for human existence. The protagonist, Will Barrett, is put by the author into the situation of absolute freedom and is presented with the choice of various conceptual models of life, personified in the images of the people surrounding him: his father’s stoic ethics, Rita’s secular humanism, Val’s uncompromising religious faith, Sutter’s desperate nihilism. The turning point in Will’s life comes with his falling in love with Kitty: it changes his way of thinking, laying the foundation for the subsequent discovery of God. The article discloses the symbolic meaning of the character’s way in the novel: from a crowded metropolis to the open wilderness of southwestern deserts, from feeling lost to the discovery of faith, from loneliness to the search for the significant Other. The dynamic movement becomes the most important element in the novel, the character’s actual travelling through the country acquires the features of a spiritual journey to truth. Despite the absence of Will’s crucial inner transformation at the end of the novel, the author, in accordance with Marcel’s philosophical concept, gives paramount importance to the journey itself, regarding it as the main event that gives meaning to human life.
National peculiarities of a traumatic experience in H. Mantel’s novel “A Change of Climate”
Authors: Romanova N.
Published: June 2024

This article examines the problem of depicting traumatic experiences in modern British literature based on H. Mantel’s novel “A Change of Climate” (1994). In the course of the trauma literature development and its research (trauma studies), new opportunities and ways of depicting a traumatic event in fiction appear, for example, the attention of writers shifts from a large-scale description of historical trauma to the private lives of certain people and individual traumas. Mantel’s work presents several traumatic events at once, but only one is actual – the loss of a child by the Eldred family during their missionary trip to South African. In addition to the “standard” devices of trauma literature (unreliable narrator, lacunae, etc.), H. Mantel also introduces a national component into the novel, which determines the specifics of the main characters’ traumatic experience. So, such concepts as family, religion, virtue, good manners and missionary work become important for the characters born and raised by English society, through the prism of these concepts they perceive reality and try to overcome their trauma. However, this trauma is not only a personal experience, but also a cultural one in a certain sense, since leaving Africa after the child’s death at the hands of aborigines shows the failure of their mission. Thus, in his novel, H. Mantel demonstrates how deeply English national character traits are rooted in people’s lives, and how they become an obstacle in overcoming a traumatic event.
Sergei Aksakov in England (on the problem of national identity)
Authors: Selitrina T.
Published: June 2024

The article presents the assessment of S. Aksakov’s artistic heritage by English critics and writers. We prove that the Russian writer unites European cultures by using universal content. Along with the classics of Russian literature – I. Turgenev, L. Tolstoy and F. Dostoevsky, S. Aksakov’s prose has worldwide significance. The year 1991 was declared by UNESCO the Year of Sergei Aksakov. Aksakov’s “The Family Chronicle” was translated into German by Sergei Rachinsky and was highly praised by A. Herzen. After James Duff translated Aksakov’s trilogy into English, the writer, along with Turgenev, Tolstoy, Gogol and Chekhov, entered the “golden fund of world literature”. The special interest to Aksakov in England was noticeable both in the early 20th century and in the 1980, when his works became bestsellers along with the works of famous Victorians. The article reveals the role of Dmitry Mirsky in popularizing Russian classics, as well as Virginia Woolf, according to whose testimony books by Russian authors Aksakov, Chekhov Turgenev and Dostoevsky found the most enthusiastic response among English readers. The article also touches upon the translation specifics of Aksakov’s works into English.
The cultural hero archetype in E. Aipin’s story “Waiting for the First Snow”
Authors: Terentyeva D.
Published: June 2024

The article presents the mythopoetic analysis of the story “Waiting for the First Snow” (1979) by the Khanty prose writer E. D. Aipin and characterizes the mythopoetic image of the protagonist. The object of the study is the cultural hero archetype, widely spread in any mythology, which allows us to talk about the ways of the classical cultural myth creative interpretation in the modern prose of the Khanty peoples. The protagonist’s activity in this story, like that of the mythological cultural hero, is aimed at maintaining the natural order of things, protecting the sacred land of the ancestors. The violation of taboos and the departure from the usual way of life is a kind of reflection of the hero’s initiation. In E. Aipin’s story, the protagonist, in accordance with the mythological structure, three times breaks the ancient precepts in search of his own meaning of life. The hunt for a new beast oil becomes a test of his strength and a means of personality formation. Mythopoetic images transmit the peculiarities of national culture, reflect the experience and traditions of the indigenous people. The use of archetypal and mythopoetic images is intertwined with the gradual disclosure of the protagonist’s character psychology, which indicates the author’s transformation of the archetypal image of the bogatyr in the story “Waiting for the First Snow”.
Two-phase creative texts as a new genre of congratulatory discourse
Authors: Nepomnyashchikh E.
Published: June 2024

This article describes a new genre of congratulatory discourse two-phase creative texts. It analyzes the texts of modern greeting cards, as well as texts on bento cakes and substantiates the legitimacy of identifying this genre, taking into account a number of genre-forming features. We claim that the text of a creative greeting card has moved from paper to a confectionery product, that is, the creative greeting card (literally and figuratively) is now the cake and its packaging. The article proves that two-phase creative texts have a special structure they are parceled and placed on different surfaces, that is, locally separated, due to which a two-stage perception of the text occurs. This structure increases the pragmatic potential of texts of this genre and determines the mechanism of their linguistic creativity. The functional feature of these texts is their pronounced humorous dominant, colloquial nature, playfully ironic tone, unpredictability of the second part semantics of the text, which affects its stylistic characteristics. Two-phase creative texts are also characterized by precedent. The article connects the emergence of two-phase creative texts with the development of congratulatory discourse and the strengthening of the mass linguistic creativity role in modern society.
Features of onyms in M. Karim’s works
Authors: Sultanova A.
Published: June 2024

Onomastics in fiction is a promising, young, but a rapidly developing branch of knowledge in linguistics. It expresses the importance of onomastic material in different ways, and its inclusion in scientific circulation covers the study of a wide range of historical, geographical and linguistic issues, starting from ancient times to the present time.

Onyms are an important component of the semantic and stylistic system in the author’s use of language in fiction. They organically and willingly join the system of linguistic means of a literary text, participate in the formation of the work’s overall expressiveness, entering the author’s lexicon as an important indicator of the author’s style and creating an “onomastic space” of the work.

Onyms in Bashkir, as well as in many Turkic languages, arouse the interest of many scientists. This article studies structural and word-formation features in the work of the national Bashkortostan poet Mustai Karim. A characteristic feature of the great writer’s literary texts is the use of word-formation suffixes in the onym formation in a work of fiction. In addition, we explored the components of these words. The study of the word formation structure and system of the presented lexemes proves that they will always comply with the norms of the Bashkir language.