bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QCT-based finite element prediction of pathologic fractures in proximal femora with metastatic lesions
Authors: Benca Emir , Synek Alexander , Amini Morteza , Kainberger Franz , Hirtler Lena , Windhager Reinhard , Mayr Winfried , Pahr Dieter H.
Published: July 2019

Predicting pathologic fractures in femora with metastatic lesions remains a clinical challenge. Currently used guidelines are inaccurate, especially to predict non-impeding fractures. This study evaluated the ability of a nonlinear quantitative computed tomography (QCT)-based homogenized voxel finite element (hvFE) model to predict patient-specific pathologic fractures. The hvFE model was generated highly automated from QCT images of human femora. The femora were previously loaded in a one-legged stance setup in order to assess stiffness, failure load, and fracture location. One femur of each pair was tested in its intact state, while the contralateral femur included a simulated lesion on either the superolateral- or the inferomedial femoral neck. The hvFE model predictions of the stiffness (0.47 < R2 < 0.94), failure load (0.77 < R2 < 0.98), and exact fracture location (68%) were in good agreement with the experimental data. However, the model underestimated the failure load by a factor of two. The hvFE models predicted significant differences in stiffness and failure load for femora with superolateral- and inferomedial lesions. In contrast, standard clinical guidelines predicted identical fracture risk for both lesion sites. This study showed that the subject-specific QCT-based hvFE model could predict the effect of metastatic lesions on the biomechanical behaviour of the proximal femur with moderate computational time and high level of automation and could support treatment strategy in patients with metastatic bone disease.
Author Correction: Integrative analysis identifies lincRNAs up- and downstream of neuroblastoma driver genes
Authors: Rombaut Dries , Chiu Hua-Sheng , Decaesteker Bieke , Everaert Celine , Yigit Nurten , Peltier Agathe , Janoueix-Lerosey Isabelle , Bartenhagen Christoph , Fischer Matthias , Roberts Stephen , D’Haene Nicky , De Preter Katleen , Speleman Frank , Denecker Geertrui , Sumazin Pavel , Vandesompele Jo , Lefever Steve , Mestdagh Pieter
Published: July 2019

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Blood-based monitoring identifies acquired and targetable driver HER2 mutations in endocrine-resistant metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Medford Arielle J. , Dubash Taronish D. , Juric Dejan , Spring Laura , Niemierko Andrzej , Vidula Neelima , Peppercorn Jeffrey , Isakoff Steven , Reeves Brittany A. , LiCausi Joseph A. , Wesley Benjamin , Malvarosa Giuliana , Yuen Megan , Wittner Ben S. , Lawrence Michael S. , Iafrate A. John , Ellisen Leif , Moy Beverly , Toner Mehmet , Maheswaran Shyamala , Haber Daniel A. , Bardia Aditya
Published: July 2019

Plasma genotyping identifies potentially actionable mutations at variable mutant allele frequencies, often admixed with multiple subclonal variants, highlighting the need for their clinical and functional validation. We prospectively monitored plasma genotypes in 143 women with endocrine-resistant metastatic breast cancer (MBC), identifying multiple novel mutations including HER2 mutations (8.4%), albeit at different frequencies highlighting clinical heterogeneity. To evaluate functional significance, we established ex vivo culture from circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from a patient with HER2-mutant MBC, which revealed resistance to multiple targeted therapies including endocrine and CDK 4/6 inhibitors, but high sensitivity to neratinib (IC50: 0.018 μM). Immunoblotting analysis of the HER2-mutant CTC culture line revealed high levels of HER2 expression at baseline were suppressed by neratinib, which also abrogated downstream signaling, highlighting oncogenic dependency with HER2 mutation. Furthermore, treatment of an index patient with HER2-mutant MBC with the irreversible HER2 inhibitor neratinib resulted in significant clinical response, with complete molecular resolution of two distinct clonal HER2 mutations, with persistence of other passenger subclones, confirming HER2 alteration as a driver mutation. Thus, driver HER2 mutant alleles that emerge during blood-based monitoring of endocrine-resistant MBC confer novel therapeutic vulnerability, and ex vivo expansion of viable CTCs from the blood circulation may broadly complement plasma-based mutational analysis in MBC.
Assessment of menstrual health status and evolution through mobile apps for fertility awareness
Authors: Symul Laura , Wac Katarzyna , Hillard Paula , Salathé Marcel
Published: July 2019

For most women of reproductive age, assessing menstrual health and fertility typically involves regular visits to a gynecologist or another clinician. While these evaluations provide critical information on an individual’s reproductive health status, they typically rely on memory-based self-reports, and the results are rarely, if ever, assessed at the population level. In recent years, mobile apps for menstrual tracking have become very popular, allowing us to evaluate the reliability and tracking frequency of millions of self-observations, thereby providing an unparalleled view, both in detail and scale, on menstrual health and its evolution for large populations. In particular, the primary aim of this study was to describe the tracking behavior of the app users and their overall observation patterns in an effort to understand if they were consistent with previous small-scale medical studies. The secondary aim was to investigate whether their precision allowed the detection and estimation of ovulation timing, which is critical for reproductive and menstrual health. Retrospective self-observation data were acquired from two mobile apps dedicated to the application of the sympto-thermal fertility awareness method, resulting in a dataset of more than 30 million days of observations from over 2.7 million cycles for two hundred thousand users. The analysis of the data showed that up to 40% of the cycles in which users were seeking pregnancy had recordings every single day. With a modeling approach using Hidden Markov Models to describe the collected data and estimate ovulation timing, it was found that follicular phases average duration and range were larger than previously reported, with only 24% of ovulations occurring at cycle days 14 to 15, while the luteal phase duration and range were in line with previous reports, although short luteal phases (10 days or less) were more frequently observed (in up to 20% of cycles). The digital epidemiology approach presented here can help to lead to a better understanding of menstrual health and its connection to women’s health overall, which has historically been severely understudied.
Chitosan-reduced graphene oxide composites with 3D structures as effective reverse dispersed solid phase extraction adsorbents for pesticides analysis
Authors: Zhang Minglu , Ma Guicen , Zhang Lin , Chen Hongping , Zhu Li , Wang Chen , Liu Xin
Published: July 2019

Chitosan-reduced graphene oxide composites with 3D structures (3D CS-rGO) were prepared via a facile solvothermal synthetic strategy. It exhibited high adsorption capacities towards different types of tea matrix interferences.
Portable linear ion trap mass spectrometer with compact multistage vacuum system and continuous atmospheric pressure interface
Authors: Li Xiaoxu , Zhang Yingjun , Ge Saijin , Qian Jie , Miao Wei
Published: July 2019

A portable linear ion trap mass spectrometer featuring a compact three-stage vacuum system, a continuous atmospheric pressure interface (CAPI), and a miniature ion funnel was developed and characterized.
Microparticle separation using asymmetrical induced-charge electro-osmotic vortices on an arc-edge-based floating electrode
Authors: Chen Xiaoming , Ren Yukun , Hou Likai , Feng Xiangsong , Jiang Tianyi , Jiang Hongyuan
Published: July 2019

We developed a device for particle separation by designing an arc-edge-based floating electrode to alternately actuate opposite-direction asymmetrical induced-charge electro-osmotic vortices.
Concentrated electrolyte boosting high-temperature cycling stability of LiCoO2/graphite cell
Authors: Zhang Min , Zhang Jianjun , Yang Jinfeng , Yao Jianhua , Chen Zheng , Lu Chenglong , Du Xiaofan , Zhang Zhongyi , Zhang Hui , Cui Guanglei
Published: July 2019

A strategy employing a concentrated electrolyte was proposed to boost the cycling life-span of LiCoO2/graphite full cells at a high temperature up to 90 °C.
Unexpected linkage isomerism in chiral tetranuclear bis-tridentate (1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-picolinamide (tzpa) grids
Authors: Hegarty Isabel N. , Dalton Hannah L. , Henwood Adam F. , Hawes Chris S. , Gunnlaugsson Thorfinnur
Published: July 2019

Two chiral [2 × 2] tetranuclear CuII square grid complexes are prepared from a (1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-picolinamide (tzpa) ligand. Linkage isomerism through the amide is observed accompanying an in situ deprotonation and CuI → CuII oxidation process.
Epitope-imprinted mesoporous silica nanoparticles for specific recognition of tyrosine phosphorylation
Authors: Zhang Guiyuan , Jiang Liyan , Zhou Juntao , Hu Lianghai , Feng Shouhua
Published: July 2019

Molecularly imprinted mesoporous silica nanoparticles were synthesized to specifically enrich tyrosine phosphorylated peptides followed by MALDI-TOF MS detection.
A photoregulated split aptaswitch for small molecules with improved sensitivity
Authors: Wang Ruoyu , Wu Xueqi , Zhu Xiyu , Shi Hanchang , Zhou Xiaohong
Published: July 2019

Here we show the design of a photoregulated split aptaswitch (PSA) for the challenging small-molecule biorecognition and its sensing application.
Synergistic interface and compositional engineering of inverted perovskite solar cells enables highly efficient and stable photovoltaic devices
Authors: Zhao Jiayuan , Tavakoli Rouhollah , Tavakoli Mohammad Mahdi
Published: July 2019

Interface engineering by PFN-P2 and compositional engineering using water additive enable an efficient and stable perovskite solar cell with 20.5% efficiency.
Reaction of an arsinoamide with chloro tetrylenes: substitution and As–N bond insertion
Authors: Chen Xiao , Simler Thomas , Yadav Ravi , Gamer Michael T. , Köppe Ralf , Roesky Peter W.
Published: July 2019

Reaction of an arsinoamide with low-valent group 14 compounds resulted either in insertion or substitution products.
Highly porous α-alumina powders prepared with the self-assembly of an asymmetric PS-b-PEO diblock copolymer
Authors: Kimura Tatsuo , Maruoka Hirokazu
Published: July 2019

Crystallization to γ-Al2O3 followed by transformation to α-Al2O3 was achieved around PS-b-PEO templated extra-large pores having low surface curvature.
Ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical biosensor for MiRNA-21 assay based on target-catalyzed hairpin assembly coupled with distance-controllable multiple signal amplification
Authors: Zhu Ming-Hui , Mu Xiao-Mei , Deng Han-Mei , Zhong Xia , Yuan Ruo , Yuan Ya-Li
Published: July 2019

Here, with the target-catalyzed hairpin assembly generated dsDNA (HP1–HP2) to synchronously control the departure of quencher ferrocene and approach of sensitizer methylene blue, a distance-controllable multiple signal amplification based photoelectrochemical biosensor was proposed for MiRNA-21 assay.
Symmetric and non-symmetric bis-metallylene iron complexes, precursors of iron germanide nanoparticles
Authors: Sodreau Alexandre , Lentz Nicolas , Frutos Maria , Mallet-Ladeira Sonia , Nayral Céline , Delpech Fabien , Madec David
Published: July 2019

Symmetric and non-symmetric bis-metallylene iron complexes are described. A bis-germylene Fe(CO)3 complex has been applied in the synthesis of iron germanide nanocrystals.
Protein uptake into individual hydrogel microspheres visualized by high-speed atomic force microscopy
Authors: Matsui Shusuke , Hosho Kensuke , Minato Haruka , Uchihashi Takayuki , Suzuki Daisuke
Published: July 2019

The moment of protein uptake into hydrogel microspheres (microgels) was directly monitored at the nanoscale by high-speed atomic force microscopy, and suitable design of microgels to suppress the aggregation in the presence of proteins was found.
A two-step nucleation model based on diffuse interface theory (DIT) to explain the non-classical view of calcium carbonate polymorph formation
Authors: Bruno M.
Published: July 2019

A two-step nucleation model to explain the non-classical pathway of crystallization of calcium carbonate polymorphs.
Luminescence of Eu3+as a probe for the determination of the local site symmetry in β-Ca3(PO4)2-related structures
Authors: Deyneko Dina V. , Nikiforov Ivan V. , Spassky Dmitry A. , Dikhtyar Yuri Yu. , Aksenov Sergey M. , Stefanovich Sergey Yu. , Lazoryak Bogdan I.
Published: July 2019

The study reveals opportunity of using the emission of Eu3+, together with X-ray diffraction, and dielectric spectroscopy, for sensitive determination of the symmetry β-TCP related structures.
Elucidation of temperature-programmed desorption of high-coverage hydrogen on Pt(211), Pt(221), Pt(533) and Pt(553) based on density functional theory calculations
Authors: Kolb Manuel J. , Garden Anna L. , Badan Cansin , Garrido Torres José A. , Skúlason Egill , Juurlink Ludo B. F. , Jónsson Hannes , Koper Marc T. M.
Published: July 2019

In this work, we compute high-coverage hydrogen adsorption structures on the Pt(211) and Pt(533) surfaces which contain a (100) step and the Pt(221) and Pt(553) surfaces which contain a (111) step and link these to their respective TPD spectra.
Benchmarking sampling methodology for calculations of Rayleigh light scattering properties of atmospheric molecular clusters
Authors: Joranger Teis , Kildgaard Jens V. , Jørgensen Solvejg , Elm Jonas , Mikkelsen Kurt V.
Published: July 2019

We present four different computational methods for benchmarking the sampling and Rayleigh light scattering of hydrogen bonded atmospheric molecular clusters.
Delayed photoacidity produced through the triplet–triplet annihilation of a neutral pyranine derivative
Authors: Lennox J. Christian , Danilov Evgeny O. , Dempsey Jillian L.
Published: July 2019

EtHPTA-OH was found to exhibit a long-lived triplet state which reacts through a triplet–triplet annihilation process to reform singlet EtHPTA-OH on timescales of up to 80 μs.
Conformation of alkali metal ion-calix[4]arene complexes investigated by IR spectroscopy in the gas phase
Authors: Wada Kozue , Kida Motoki , Muramatsu Satoru , Ebata Takayuki , Inokuchi Yoshiya
Published: July 2019

The OH bands of M+·C4A shift to the red from K+ to Cs+, indicating reduction of conformer distortion.
Possible realization of the high-temperature and multichannel quantum anomalous Hall effect in graphene/CrBr3 heterostructures under pressure
Authors: Zhang Huisheng , Ning Yaohui , Yang Wenjia , Zhang Jiayong , Zhang Ruiqiang , Xu Xiaohong
Published: July 2019

Pressure induced high-temperature and multichannel quantum anomalous Hall effect in graphene/CrBr3 heterostructures.
Impact of the chemical nature and position of spacers on controlling the optical properties of silicon quantum dots
Authors: Abdelhameed Mohammed , Aly Shawkat , Maity Partha , Manni Emad , Mohammed Omar F. , Charpentier Paul A.
Published: July 2019

Nature and length of the spacer as well as the position of the connection played a key role in controlling the optical properties of Silicon Quantum Dots (SQDs) by controlling both type and rate of interaction between the SQDs and dye capping agent.
Processing of covalent organic frameworks: an ingredient for a material to succeed
Authors: Rodríguez-San-Miguel David , Zamora Félix
Published: July 2019

This tutorial provides a perspective on the processability of covalent organic frameworks, an emerging class of new organic polymers, towards their potential applications.
Modular engineering for efficient photosynthetic biosynthesis of 1-butanol from CO2in cyanobacteria
Authors: Liu Xufeng , Miao Rui , Lindberg Pia , Lindblad Peter
Published: July 2019

Systematic modular engineering of a photosynthetic microorganism resulted in cells with significant levels and rates of 1-butanol production directly from CO2.
Photocatalytic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to valuable products
Authors: Liu Xiaoqing , Duan Xiaoguang , Wei Wei , Wang Shaobin , Ni Bing-Jie
Published: July 2019

This review summarizes the state-of-the-art accomplishments in photocatalytic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass and its derivatives.
3D microfluidics via cyclic olefin polymer-based in situ direct laser writing
Authors: Alsharhan Abdullah T. , Acevedo Ruben , Warren Roseanne , Sochol Ryan D.
Published: July 2019

We investigate the use of cyclic olefin polymer to enable in situ direct laser writing of 3D biomimetic structures and microfluidic circuitry.
Soft elastomeric composite materials with skin-inspired mechanical properties for stretchable electronic circuits
Authors: Zhang Kuikui , Kong Shixiao , Li Yanyan , Lu Minghui , Kong Desheng
Published: July 2019

An elastomeric composite material with skin-like mechanical responses and spatially heterogeneous rigidity is developed to accommodate stretchable electronic circuit systems.
Synthesis and nonlinear optical properties of new gallium thiophosphate Rb2Ga2P2S9
Authors: Hu Qichang , Ruan Kaibin , Wang Yuzhu , Ding Kai , Xu Yong
Published: July 2019

A new polar sulfide, Rb2Ga2P2S9, exhibits a high laser-induced damage threshold and moderate second-harmonic-generation intensity.
First aromatic amine organocatalysed activation of α,β-unsaturated ketones
Authors: Sonsona Isaac G. , Marqués-López Eugenia , Gimeno M. Concepción , Herrera Raquel P.
Published: July 2019

The first example of a chiral aromatic amine used to activate α,β-unsaturated ketones in aminocatalysis.
The first example of an asymmetrical μ-oxo bridged dinuclear iron complex with a terpyridine ligand
Authors: Bocian Aleksandra , Napierała Sergiusz , Gorczyński Adam , Kubicki Maciej , Wałęsa-Chorab Monika , Patroniak Violetta
Published: July 2019

The reaction of Fe(iii) ions with a terpyridine ligand L in the presence of chlorides and independent of conditions results in the formation of μ-oxo bridged dinuclear [FeLCl(μ-O)FeCl3] and the mononuclear complex [FeLCl2].
Synthesis of MnO2 nanostructures with MnS-deposits for high performance supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Rajagopal Rajesh , Ryu Kwang-Sun
Published: July 2019

We report the synthesis of MnO2 nanostructures with MnS deposits via a facile one-step hydrothermal process for high-performance supercapacitor applications.
Aminophosphonates and aminophosphonic acids with tetrasubstituted stereogenic center: diastereoselective synthesis from cyclic ketimines
Authors: Iwanejko Jakub , Brol Anna , Szyja Bartłomiej M. , Daszkiewicz Marek , Wojaczyńska Elżbieta , Olszewski Tomasz K.
Published: July 2019

Chiral tetrasubstituted aminophosphonic acid derivatives of hexahydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one were synthesisedviadiastereoselective hydrophosphonylation of corresponding imines with tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphite as phosphorus nucleophile.
Provisioning the origin and early evolution of life
Authors: Wu Long-Fei , Sutherland John D.
Published: July 2019

There is a lot of controversy in the origin and early evolution of life field, but most people agree that at the advent of genetically coded protein synthesis, cells must have had access to ribonucleotides, amino acids, lipids and some sort of energy source. However, the provenance of these materials is a contentious issue — did early life obtain its building blocks prefabricated from the environment, or did it synthesise them from feedstocks such as CO2 and N2? In the first case, synthesis conditions need not have been compatible with life and any kind of reaction network that furnished the building blocks — and not much else — could have provisioned the subsequent origin and early evolution of life. In the second case, synthesis must have been under life-compatible conditions, with the reaction network either along the same lines as extant biology or along different ones. On the basis of experimental evidence, we will argue in favour of prefabrication and against synthesis by life in its nascent state, especially synthesis that resembles extant biosynthesis, which we suggest would have been well-nigh impossible without biological catalysts.
Flexible hardware‐in‐the‐loop testbed for cyber physical power system simulation
Authors: Tong Heqin , Ni Ming , Zhao Lili , Li Manli
Published: July 2019

Nowadays, the power system is evolving into a complex cyber physical system with the closely merged physical system, information system, and communication network. It is critical to understand the connections between the power and cyber systems, and the potential impact of cyber vulnerability. In this study, a flexible hardware‐in‐the‐loop (HIL) testbed is proposed for studying the cyber physical power system. By using the flexible interface, various co‐simulation systems for different purposes are generated. Based on this testbed, three sample co‐simulators are built as proofs. First, a HIL power and communication co‐simulator with non‐real‐time synchronisation mechanism is introduced, and a case of false data injection attack on automation voltage control is studied. Then, a real‐time power and communication HIL co‐simulator is introduced, and a case considering the impact of communication bit error on the stability control system is simulated to demonstrate the performance of stability control equipment. Finally, another co‐simulator for simulating the actual cyber‐attack on the stability control system is introduced, and a case of a man‐in‐the‐middle attack on the data link is simulated to demonstrate the impact of cyber‐attack on the stability control system.
Flaring water masers associated with W49N
Authors: Volvach L. N. , Volvach A. E. , Larionov M. G. , MacLeod G. C. , Wolak P. , Kramer B. , Menten K. M. , Kraus A. , Brand J. , Zanichelli A. , Poppi S. , Righini S.
Published: July 2019

Aims.We present our monitoring observations and analysis of water masers associated with W49N taken in 2017 and 2018. A significant flare occurred during these observations.

Methods.We used ground-based radio telescopes in Simeiz (RT-22), Torun (RT-32), Medicina (RT-32), Effelsberg (RT-100) with broadband spectrometers. Observational data were collected and processed automatically.

Results.We report a powerful flare of thev= +6 km s−1water maser feature; it increased in over ten months toS1.3 cm= 84 kJy in 2017 December, then decayed to the pre-flare quiescent value ofS1.3 cm= 8.7 kJy in 2018 August. We infer that this flaring feature is unsaturated based on the relationship between line width and flux density.
New study of the line profiles of sodium perturbed by H2
Authors: Allard N. F. , Spiegelman F. , Leininger T. , Molliere P.
Published: July 2019

The opacity of alkali atoms, most importantly of Na and K, plays a crucial role in the atmospheres of brown dwarfs and exoplanets. We present a comprehensive study of Na–H2 collisional profiles at temperatures from 500 to 3000 K, the temperatures prevailing in the atmosphere of brown dwarfs and Jupiter-mass planets. The relevant H2 perturber densities reach several 1019 cm−3 in hot (Teff ≳ 1500 K) Jupiter-mass planets and can exceed 1020 cm−3 for more massive or cooler objects. Accurate pressure-broadened profiles that are valid at high densities of H2 should be incorporated into spectral models. Unified profiles of sodium perturbed by molecular hydrogen were calculated in the semi-classical approach using up-to-date molecular data. New Na–H2 collisional profiles and their effects on the synthetic spectra of brown dwarfs and hot Jupiters computed with petitCODE are presented.
Performance comparison of vegetable oil based nanofluids towards machinability improvement in hard turning of HSLA steel using minimum quantity lubrication
Authors: Das Anshuman , Patel Saroj Kumar , Das Sudhansu Ranjan
Published: July 2019

The search of finding best vegetable oil based nanofluid from a set of three nanoparticle enriched cutting fluids for machining is core objective of the work. Extensive research has been done to replace conventional cutting fluids by nanofluids, but abundant analysis for vegetable oil based nanofluids is accomplished in this work which was not seen earlier. Also, the study investigated the cutting performance and comparative assessment towards machinability improvement during hard turning of high-strength-low-alloy (HSLA) AISI 4340 steel using four different compositions of nanofluids by minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) technique. Cutting are investigated and analyzed through this article during hard turning using minimum quantity lubrication (MQL). Cutting force, tool wear (flank and crater), surface integrity (surface roughness, residual stress, microhardness, and surface morphology), and chip morphology are considered as technological performance characteristics to evaluate the machinability of hardened AISI 4340 steel. Additionally, the effect of various fluid properties like thermal conductivity, viscosity, surface tension and contact angle were examined for all nanofluids. Three set of nanofluid samples were prepared using Al2O3, CuO and Fe2O3 with rice bran oil and their various properties are analysed at 0.1% concentration. On comparison among these three nanofluids used, CuO nanofluid exhibited superior behavior followed by Fe2O3 nanofluids while Al2O3 nanofluid was last in the row.
The Berry-Esseen bound of a wavelet estimator in non-randomly designed nonparametric regression model based on ANA errors
Authors: Tang Xufei , Wang Xuejun , Wu Yi , Zhang Fei
Published: July 2019

Consider the nonparametric regression modelYni=g(tni) +εi,i= 1, 2, …,n,  n≥ 1, whereεi,  1 ≤i≤n, are asymptotically negatively associated (ANA, for short) random variables. Under some appropriate conditions, the Berry-Esseen bound of the wavelet estimator ofg(⋅) is established. In addition, some numerical simulations are provided in this paper. The results obtained in this paper generalize some corresponding ones in the literature.
Intravenöse Eisensubstitution bei chronischer Erkrankung – bei wem, wann und wie?
Authors: Biggar Patrick , Langguth Peter , Krayenbühl Pierre-Alexandre , Brandenburg Vincent
Published: July 2019

In den letzten Jahren konnten wesentliche Fortschritte in der Erkennung und Behandlung des Eisenmangels erzielt werden, deren Ergebnisse auch für viele Fachgebiete und insbesondere mit Patienten mit chronisch-entzündlichen Erkrankungen relevant sind. Allerdings wird in der täglichen Praxis ein Eisenmangel vielfach nicht identifiziert und konsequent therapiert.

Ein Eisenmangel kann – auch bevor eine Anämie auftritt – die Lebensqualität einschränken und den Verlauf der Grunderkrankung beeinflussen. Bei Patienten mit chronischen Erkrankungen sollte der Eisenstatus regelmäßig erfasst werden. Gerade bei Patienten mit chronisch-entzündlichen Erkrankungen sind die derzeit verfügbaren oralen Eisenpräparate ineffizient, weil die Verträglichkeit eingeschränkt ist und die enterale Eisenaufnahme durch Inflammation eingeschränkt sein kann. Deshalb empfehlen verschiedene Leitlinien hier eine intravenöse Eisensubstitution.
Zum Einfluss soziodemografischer Faktoren auf die Art der
Verdachtsdiagnosestellung und das Tumorstadium bei Erstdiagnose von
Brustkrebs
Authors: Fritz Ulrike Annette Anja , Pfaff Holger , Roth Lena , Swora Micheal , Groß Sophie Elisabeth
Published: July 2019

Zielsetzung Diese Studie untersucht den Einfluss soziodemografischer
Faktoren auf die Art der Verdachtsdiagnosestellung und das Tumorstadium zum
Diagnosezeitpunkt bei Brustkrebs.

Material und Methoden Im Rahmen der Zertifizierung der
Brustkrebszentren durch die Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft (DKG) wurden vom
Institut für Medizinsoziologie, Versorgungsforschung und
Rehabilitationswissenschaft (IMVR) bundesweit poststationäre
postalische Patientenbefragungen durchgeführt (n=852). Der
Einfluss soziodemografischer Faktoren auf die Art der Diagnosestellung und
auf das Tumorstadium wurde jeweils mithilfe einer multinomialen logistischen
Regressionsanalyse untersucht.

Ergebnisse 45,5% der Patientinnen haben ihren Tumor selbst
ertastet, 33,4% wurden im Rahmen des Mammografie-Screenings und
16,6% bei einer gynäkologischen Vorsorgeuntersuchung
diagnostiziert. Eine Diagnosestellung im Rahmen der
Krebsfrüherkennungsuntersuchungen (KFU) war mit einem frühen
Tumorstadium assoziiert. Patientinnen mit einem niedrigen Bildungsstatus und
gesetzlich Versicherte hatten eine geringere Wahrscheinlichkeit bei einer
gynäkologischen Vorsorgeuntersuchung diagnostiziert zu werden.
Patientinnen im Mammografie-Screening-Alter (50–69 Jahre) hatten
eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit für ein frühes
Tumorstadium, Patientinnen mit einem niedrigen Bildungsstatus hatten
hierfür eine geringere Wahrscheinlichkeit.

Schlussfolgerung Die Hälfte der Patientinnen wurde
außerhalb der KFU diagnostiziert. Das Mammografie-Screening zeigt
sich als sensitiveres Mittel zur Detektion früher Tumorstadien, da
eine Assoziation zwischen einer Diagnosestellung im Rahmen der KFU und einem
frühen Tumorstadium gegeben ist. Ein Alter außerhalb des
Screening-Bereichs und ein niedriger Bildungsabschluss stellen
möglicherweise Soziodemografische Risikofaktoren für ein
fortgeschrittenes Tumorstadium dar. Hohe Teilnehmerraten an den KFU,
insbesondere der genannten Risikogruppen, erscheinen daher wichtig, um
Versorgungsungleichheiten zu minimieren.
Analyse von Implementierungsmerkmalen psychiatrischer Modellvorhaben (nach §64b SGB V) in Schleswig-Holstein im Vergleich zum Bundesgebiet
Authors: von Peter Sebastian , Schwarz Julian , Bechdolf Andreas , Birker Thomas , Deister Arno , Ignatyev Yuriy , Bois Anna Schulz-Du , Heinze Martin , Timm Jürgen
Published: July 2019

Ziel Bundesweit gibt es 19 Modellvorhaben nach §64b SGB V (MV), die eine settingübergreifende und flexible psychiatrische Behandlung anbieten. In Schleswig-Holstein (SH) haben sich fünf dieser Modelle gebildet. In einer vergleichenden Analyse wird die Implementierung der MV in SH gegenüber dem Bundesgebiet untersucht.

Methodik Standardisierte Befragung von 383 Patienten aus sieben Kliniken, davon drei aus SH, zur Beurteilung der Modellversorgung. Es wurden Struktur-, Leistungs- sowie Daten zum Implementierungsstand von MV in SH und den übrigen Bundesländern analysiert.

Ergebnisse MV in SH weisen eine stärkere Ausprägung modellspezifischer Merkmale und einen höheren Implementierungsgrad gegenüber der Vergleichsgruppe auf. Sie befinden sich in öffentlicher Trägerschaft und sind mit allen Krankenkassen verhandelt. Patienten dieser MV werden häufiger ambulant oder aufsuchend behandelt, verfügen über mehr Erfahrung mit spezifischen Aspekten der MV und bewerten diese besser.

Schlussfolgerung Die Implementierung der MV in SH kann als besonders erfolgreich angesehen werden. Unter anderem scheint die Unterstützung der Landespolitik eine entscheidende Triebkraft hierfür zu sein.
In-Hospital Mortality following Proximal Femur Fractures in Elderly Population
Authors: Ram Ganesan G. , Govardhan Praveen
Published: July 2019

Context In India, hip fracture crude incidence above the age of 50 years was 129 per 100,000.

Aims The aim of this study is to analyze the in-hospital mortality following proximal femur fractures in elderly Indian population.

Methods and Material The study was done in Sri Ramachandra Medical Center, Chennai, India. Patient's records were retrospectively evaluated for a period of 3 years from January 1, 2015 to January 1, 2018. The inclusion criteria were patients both male and female aged more than 65 years admitted with the diagnosis of neck of femur or intertrochanteric or subtrochanteric fractures. The exclusion criteria were patients having any associated fracture or previous hip fracture history or diagnosed primary or secondary malignancies. To evaluate any surgical delay two groups were formed. After eliminating cases based on exclusion criteria, we had 270 patients for evaluation.

Statistical Analysis Used The collected data were analyzed with IBM.SPSS statistics software 23.0 Version. To describe about the data descriptive statistics frequency analysis, percentage analysis were used for categorical variables and the mean and standard deviation (SD) were used for continuous variables. To find the significant difference between the bivariate samples, Student's t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used. The p-value of 0.05 is considered as significant level.

Results We had a total of 24 mortalities with 15 males and 9 females. The in-hospital mortality of patients who underwent replacement surgeries for proximal femur fractures was 14 in our study. Sixteen of the in-hospital mortality patients had low Parker's mobility score. Twenty patients had mortality when surgery was delayed more than 48 hours.

Conclusions In-hospital mortality in elderly patients having proximal femur fracture increases significantly if the patient was having low-preoperative mobility status, if surgery was delayed more than 48 hours, and if patient undergoes replacement surgeries.
Actinomyces Meyeri Empyema Necessitatis—A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Ellebrecht David B. , Pross Moritz M.F. , Schierholz Stefanie , Palade Emanuel
Published: July 2019

Pleural empyema necessitatis caused by Actinomyces meyeri is a rare but severe infection. A. species predominantly A. meyeri and A. israelii represent the second most common pathogen for empyema necessitans after mycobacteria. The incidence is reported in the literature to be 1:300,000. Men are thrice more likely to be affected than women. Pathogenetically, an infection can be triggered by aspiration in immunocompromised individuals which leads to an atelectasis with pneumonitis.

In two cases, a 38-year-old construction worker and a 61-year-old woman with ulcerative breast carcinoma, who presented to the local emergency department with a painful swelling of the left chest, diagnostic workup revealed a pleural empyema necessitatis of the left chest. An antibiotic treatment was initiated with piperacillin/tazobactam and sulbactam/ampicillin, respectively. Temporally vacuum-dressing therapy was initiated after surgical debridement. In the course of the procedure, a reconstruction of tissue damage was feasible. The patients were recovered completely and discharged with an oral antibiotic treatment (amoxicillin) for 6 and 12 months, respectively.

Thoracic actinomycosis is a relatively uncommon and traditionally chronic, indolent infection secondary to pulmonary infection with A. species. Surgical treatment is generally reserved for cases failing to resolve with antibiotic therapy. Early diagnosis, prompt debridement, and narrow spectrum β-lactam antibiotics can result in complete resolution of infection and good prognosis.
Tunability of localization length in naphthalene sulfonic acid doped polyaniline/nickel ferrite composite nanorods system
Authors: Bhaumik Madhumita , Maity Arjun , Mahule T. S. , Srinivasu V. V.
Published: July 2019

Tunability of key length scales including nanodimensionality, mean free path, localization length, and cyclotron radius gives opportunities to fabricate nanodevices with new functionalities. Herein, in order to tune localization length, composite nanorods (CNRs) of 2-naphthalene sulfonic acid doped polyaniline (PANI-NSA) and nickel ferrite nanoparticles (NiFe2O4 NPs) are synthesized via an in situ chemical polymerization method. The nanorods’ structure and the incorporation of the NiFe2O4 NPs into the PANI-NSA matrix are envisaged by various characterization techniques. The presence of a hysteresis loop with minor coercivity and remanence suggests the ferrimagnetic property of PANI-NSA/NiFe2O4 CNRs at room temperature. Investigation of electrical resistivity as a function of temperature in the absence of an external magnetic field establishes quasi-one-dimensional variable range hopping conduction mechanism of the PANI-NSA/NiFe2O4 CNR samples. CNR samples with two different loadings of NiFe2O4 NPs demonstrate substantial amounts of magnetoresistance (MR) at all the temperatures (300–50 K) studied. Intriguingly, a transition from positive to negative MR is observed with an increase in temperature from 200 to 300 K for CNR samples with less amount of NiFe2O4 (CNRs 1), whereas MR is positive for CNRs with higher loading of NiFe2O4, throughout the studied temperatures. Positive and negative MR behaviors of the CNR samples are quantitatively elucidated in terms of wave function shrinkage and forward interference models. Deduced localization length from the forward interference regime for CNRs 1 is about one order of magnitude larger than that in the wave function shrinkage regime. Thus, tuning of localization length can be achieved qualitatively through appropriate loading of NiFe2O4 NPs.
Electron scattering mechanisms in polycrystalline sputtered zinc tin oxynitride thin films
Authors: Hamilton Dylan C. , Arca Elisabetta , Pan Jie , Siol Sebastian , Young Matthew , Lany Stephan , Zakutayev Andriy
Published: July 2019

Zinc tin nitride (ZnSnN2) is an emerging ternary nitride semiconductor studied for applications in solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and other optoelectronic devices. For all of these applications, the charge carrier mobility is an important property. However, the dominant electron scattering mechanisms in ZnSnN2 are unclear, especially in the presence of oxygen that is often incorporated during thin film sputter deposition of this material. In addition, there are no experimental reports on the concentration of defects in such polycrystalline sputtered zinc tin oxynitride Zn1+xSn1−xN2−2xO2x (ZTNO) thin films. Here, we address both of these questions using temperature-dependent Hall effect measurements of sputtered ZTNO thin films as a function of Zn composition and O content. The measured temperature dependence of the mobility is fitted to scattering on ionized and neutral defects and to grain boundary scattering. The results indicate that ZTNO is a heavily compensated semiconductor, with a high density of neutral defects dominating the electron scattering processes. First principles theoretical calculations indicate that these neutral defects are likely to originate from the abundant ZnSn−2ON complexes in the ZTNO material. Overall, these results establish the dominant electron scattering mechanisms in polycrystalline sputtered ZTNO and help position this material for future use in optoelectronic devices.
Experimental apparatus for investigating the propagation characteristics of the low-frequency electromagnetic waves in hypersonic plasma fluid generated by shock tube
Authors: Xie Kai , Sun Bin , Guo Shaoshuai , Quan Lei , Liu Yan
Published: July 2019

The shock tube generates a near real hypersonic plasma sheath environment with high temperature and high pressure for investigating the propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic (EM) waves in a hypersonic plasma fluid. With existing methods, it is difficult to measure the propagation characteristics from the transmitted component of low-frequency (LF) EM waves due to large-size LF focusing antennas and LF shielding structure. In this paper, a novel experimental apparatus is proposed to measure the propagation characteristics of the LF EM waves in a shock-tube-generated hypersonic plasma fluid. The tested plasma is utilized as a dynamic fluid EM shield of a receiver during the experiment. This individual receiver is placed in the center of the experimental segment tube of the shock tube so that it is enveloped completely by the hypersonic plasma fluid during the shock, thereby only allows the transmitted component of the LF EM waves to reach the receiver. The proposed method guarantees good measurement accuracy without requiring large LF focusing antennas, and the complex LF shielding structure extends to the shock tube. Both experiments and simulations were performed to evaluate its performance. The results indicated that the propagation characteristics of the transmitted magnetic field component meet that of the numerical simulations faithfully, where the shock wave velocity reached approximately 5 km/s, the plasma layer thickness was 80 mm, the electron density was 1012–1013/cm3, and the collision frequency was approximately 36 GHz. The proposed experimental apparatus is also suitable in studying the EM wave propagation, testing communication system performances, and testing the properties of transmitting and receiving antennas in the hypersonic plasma fluid.
Exciton dynamics as a function of excitation intensity and double-pulse excitation in cyanine molecule thin films: Toward low-power optical switches
Authors: Kojima Osamu , Nagauchi Junpei , Kita Takashi
Published: July 2019

Exciton decay dynamics can be optically controlled by changing the excitation conditions, particularly, the excitation intensity. In this study, we report how the exciton dynamics in cyanine thin films depend on the excitation intensity and sequence. The excitons in these films have two decay components, and the ratio of the population of the fast decay component to the total population depends on the excitation intensity. Conversely, sequential excitation by a second optical pulse does not alter this ratio. Although the total excitation power is comparable, the change in the dynamics by the second pulse is different from the simple increase in the excitation power. Therefore, the sequential excitation by the second pulse can be a key point for realizing low-power optical switches.
Experimental and numerical evidence of comparable levels of attenuation in periodic and a-periodic metastructures
Authors: De Ponti J. M. , Paderno N. , Ardito R. , Braghin F. , Corigliano A.
Published: July 2019

“Phononic Crystals” are designed on the basis of a single cell periodically repeated in space along one or more directions. However, this may result as restrictive in terms of possible optimal solutions found. The present paper shows, numerically and experimentally, that it is possible to have high levels of attenuation also with a-periodic metastructures. Comparing two “phononic metastructures” externally identical but internally different, it is demonstrated that perturbing the periodicity inside the structure does not significantly affect its attenuation capabilities. This opens new possibilities in the field.
Long-distance and large-time asymptotic behaviour of dynamic correlation functions in the massless regime of the XXZ spin-1/2 chain
Authors: Kozlowski Karol K.
Published: July 2019

Starting from the massless form factor expansion for the two-point dynamical correlation functions obtained recently, I extract the long-distance and large-time asymptotics of these correlators. The analysis yields the critical exponents and associated amplitudes characterizing the asymptotics. The results are obtained on the basis of exact and first principle based considerations: they do not rely, at any stage, on some hypothetical correspondence with a field theory or the use of any other phenomenological approach. Being based on form factor expansion, the method allows one to clearly identify which contributions to the asymptotics issue from which class of excited states. All this permits to settle the long-standing question of the contribution of bound states to the asymptotics of two-point functions. For instance, when considering the long-distance m behavior of equal-time correlators, the analysis shows that while, in fine, the bound states only produce contributions that are exponentially small in m, they also play a key role in canceling out certain power-law contributions which, should they be present, would break explicitly the universality structure of the long-distance behavior.
Mechanism of pressure oscillation in Taylor-Couette-Poiseuille flow with abruptly contracting and expanding annular gap
Authors: Luo Guohu , Yao Zhenqiang , Shen Hong
Published: July 2019

This study numerically investigates the effects of an abruptly contracting and expanding annular gap on the propagation of Taylor vortices in Taylor-Couette-Poiseuille flow. The results show that the pressure drop between the inlet and the outlet exhibits oscillations with low frequency and large amplitude. The nondimensional amplitude of oscillating pressure increases linearly with an increase in the rotating Reynolds number, whereas the nondimensional oscillating frequency remains nearly invariant with varying rotating and axial Reynolds numbers. Owing to the alternate action of counter-rotating Taylor vortex pairs in front of the block, local flow resistance periodically increases and decreases, resulting in the pressure drop oscillation. By analyzing the drift velocity and wavelength of the propagating Taylor vortex pair, a prediction model for the oscillating frequency is developed. Its results show that the nondimensional frequency is proportional to the blockage ratio. With an increase in the latter, the oscillating amplitude nonmonotonically changes as a result of the tunneling phenomenon, whereby the anticlockwise rotating Taylor roller is punctured by axial flow. Based on the above mechanism of pressure oscillation, the structure of a vortex breaker is proposed that can effectively reduce the oscillation in pressure.
Optimization of acoustic coupling for bottom actuated scattering based subsurface scanning probe microscopy
Authors: van Neer P. L. M. J. , Quesson B. , van Es M. H. , van Riel M. , Hatakeyama K. , Mohtashami A. , Piras D. , Duivenoorde T. , Lans M. , Sadeghian H.
Published: July 2019

The characterization of buried nanoscale structures nondestructively is an important challenge in a number of applications, such as defect detection and metrology in the semiconductor industry. A promising technique is Subsurface Scanning Probe Microscopy (SSPM), which combines ultrasound with Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Initially, SSPM was used to measure the viscoelastic contrast between a subsurface feature and its surrounding medium. However, by increasing the ultrasonic frequency to >1 GHz, it has been shown that SSPM can also measure acoustic impedance based contrasts. At these frequencies, it becomes difficult to reliably couple the sound into the sample such that the AFM is able to pick up the scattered sound field. The cause is the existence of strong acoustic resonances in the sample, the transducer, and the coupling layer–the liquid layer used to couple the sound energy from the transducer into the sample–in combination with the nonlinearity of the tip-sample interaction. Thus, it is essential to control and measure the thickness of the coupling layer with nanometer accuracy. Here, we present the design of a mechanical clamp to ensure a stable acoustic coupling. Moreover, an acoustic method is presented to measure the coupling layer thickness in real-time. Stable coupling layers with thicknesses of 700 ± 2 nm were achieved over periods of 2–4 h. Measurements of the downmixed AFM signals showed stable signal intensities for >1 h. The clamp and monitoring method introduced here makes scattering based SSPM practical, robust, and reliable and enables measurement periods of hours.
Insight into hydrogen production through molecular simulation of an electrode-ionomer electrolyte system
Authors: Jones R. E. , Tucker W. C. , Mills M. J. L. , Mukerjee S.
Published: July 2019

In this work, we examine metal electrode-ionomer electrolyte systems at high voltage (negative surface charge) and at high pH to assess factors that influence hydrogen production efficiency. We simulate the hydrogen evolution electrode interface investigated experimentally in the work of Bates et al. [J. Phys. Chem. C 119, 5467 (2015)] using a combination of first principles calculations and classical molecular dynamics. With this detailed molecular information, we explore the hypotheses posed in the work of Bates et al. In particular, we examine the response of the system to increased bias voltage and oxide coverage in terms of the potential profile, changes in solvation and species concentrations away from the electrode, surface concentrations, and orientation of water at reactive surface sites. We discuss this response in the context of hydrogen production.