bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feature-based magnetotelluric inversion by variational autoencoder using a subdomain encoding scheme
Authors: Zhou Hongyu , Guo Rui , Li Maokun , Yang Fan , Xu Shenheng , Abubakar Aria
Published: August 2023

Magnetotelluric (MT) data inversion aims to reconstruct a subsurface resistivity model that minimizes the discrepancy between inverted and measured electromagnetic data. Conventional pixel-based minimum-structure inversion often yields a smoothed-out reconstruction with a relatively low resolution. A priori geophysical knowledge can be embedded into inversion and improve the reconstruction resolution through proper reparameterization. However, existing reparameterization approaches, such as model-based and parametric transform-based inversion, have limited ability to incorporate various a priori information. The effectiveness of existing deep generative model-based inversion algorithms is still debatable when applied to scenarios with complex backgrounds. We develop a feature-based MT data inversion method based on a variational autoencoder (VAE) with a subdomain encoding scheme. Instead of encoding the entire domain of an investigation, we adopt a 1D subdomain encoding scheme to encode the 1D resistivity-depth models using a single VAE. The latent variables for the 2D model are a combination of the latent variables for 1D models, and the encoded region of interest (ROI) can be flexibly determined. The latent variables of ROI and the pixels outside the ROI are simultaneously inverted using the gradient-descent method. Our 1D subdomain encoding scheme reduces the complexity and diversity of the data set, and it can flexibly embed a priori knowledge with various uncertainties. Synthetic data inversion and inversion of the Southern African Magnetotelluric Experiment field data validate our method’s ability to effectively improve inversion accuracy and resolution.
Directional sources and distributed acoustic sensing deployments for near-surface characterization
Authors: Abukrat Yarin , Sinitsyn Pavel , Reshef Moshe , Lellouch Ariel
Published: August 2023

Active near-surface surveys using distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) have been practically limited to 2D inline acquisitions followed by Rayleigh-wave dispersion analysis. In this study, we analyze different acquisition setups and the subsurface properties that can be estimated from them. First, we find a surface survey dedicated to Love-wave acquisition. We use a horizontal source and common-receiver sorting of the DAS data for a pure Love-wave velocity dispersion analysis yielding an S-wave velocity profile. Common-receiver sorting has the added benefit of practically eliminating the effect of the gauge length. Next, downhole DAS is used in a vertical seismic profile-type survey to recover a 1D P-wave velocity through checkshot analysis. Finally, we find that the horizontal portion of a fiber deployed in a deviated borehole records high-frequency data from surface sources. We use first arrivals for diving-wave tomography, yielding a 2D P-wave velocity model above and below the fiber. We validate the inversion results of all acquisitions through a comparison with geophone-derived velocity models. We conclude that source orientation plays a crucial role and should be considered during survey planning in conjunction with DAS directivity. As anticipated, fiber coupling can strongly influence the signal-to-noise ratio and needs to be adequately planned. In vertical boreholes, infilling offers a viable solution for deployment in existing wells. For deviated boreholes, installation inside the casing yields suboptimal coupling, but more adequate deployment protocols may yield high-frequency data useful for velocity model building and imaging. From a practical point of view, the acquisitions that we describe are difficult to justify due to their operational costs and limitations. Nonetheless, they highlight the potential of DAS in going beyond traditional analysis.
O potencial dos search funds
Authors: Rotondaro Rodrigo Maciel , Minardi Andrea M. A. F. , Campos Newton M.
Published: August 2023

Os search funds são uma oportunidade para investidores apoiarem profissionais talentosos que buscam empreender por meio da aquisição de pequenas e médias empresas rentáveis e promissoras.
Orçamento: manter, aprimorar ou abandonar?
Authors: Pedreti Maria Angélica Lencione , Diniz-Maganini Natalia
Published: August 2023

Cabe reenquadrar essa pergunta, que vem sendo levantada por acadêmicos e praticantes, e analisar quando e como utilizar cada tipo de processo orçamentário.
Examining the South China Sea dispute with general morphological analysis
Authors: Lavengood Zachary
Published: August 2023

The South China Sea dispute is among the most volatile flashpoints in contemporary international relations. This study examines this dispute using the general morphological analysis (GMA) methodology employing eight factors of analysis. These produced 65,536 distinct outcomes in a cross-consistency matrix (CCM) which exist on a spectrum of plausibility. Three scenarios were chosen for foresight analysis which project contemporary trends into the near-to-mid-term future. After the analysis of hundreds of different combinations from the CCM which remained after auditing for analytical noise and plausibility this research found that much of the foresight produced scenarios which were similar to a ‘dispute stagnation’ scenario. This highlights the present realities of the dispute wherein all parties have entrenched into their political and physical positions with little alternative outside of direct confrontation, an outcome which though possible, is unappealing to claimants due to the secondary effects which it would bring.
Lower back pain caused by radiculopathy induced by lumbar stenosis - literature review
Authors: Turek Michał , Winiarz Aleksandra , Szlendak Paula , Toś Katarzyna , Wojtala Kacper , Grosman Sylwia , Węgrzyniak Agata , Drobek Dominik , Wąsala Katarzyna , Wokurka Wojciech
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Lumbar spine pain is a common clinical problem. Due to the multitude of causes of pain, it is important to know the most common ones in order to choose an effective method of treatment. 
The aim of this study: Summary of current knowledge regarding back pain caused by radiculopathy associated with lumbar stenosis. 
Material and method: The review includes publications published in 1995-2020. The search of the publications in the Pubmed database was carried out using the following keywords: back pain, radiculopathy, lumbar stenosis.
Description of the stage of the knowledge: Lumbar radiculopathy caused by lumbar stenosis is a common clinical problem, especially in older age groups. In diagnostics, an interview with the patient, physical examination and imaging tests - especially CT and MRI - are important. In most patients, conservative treatment is sufficient - the use of analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs and physiotherapy. In justified cases, surgical treatment should be considered as the most effective causative treatment of the disease. In the last 20 years, the availability of both diagnostic methods has increased and new surgical techniques have appeared, aiming at minimally invasive treatment.
Summary: Radiculopathy caused by lumbar stenosis is a contributing factor to the occurrence of pain, which can hinder the normal functioning of the patient.Proper diagnosis, identification of the impact and methods of treatment, both conservative and surgical, can help the patient and affect his quality of life. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for the effective treatment of pain associated with radiculopathy caused by lumbar stenosis.
use of psilocybin in the treatment of psychiatric disorders – review
Authors: Woźniak Justyna , Bogacz Rafał , Gaik Magdalena , Uram Ewa , Magda Inga , Womperski Karol , Osuch Magdalena
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The word “psychedelic” derives from the Greek language and can be loosely translated as “mind manifesting” which is to convey that these substances allow the mind to unleash its hidden potential. Psilocybin is considered to be a “classic psychedelic” and is most commonly found in the form of so-called “magic mushrooms”. Due to its unique properties psilocybin has been used during religious ceremonies and rituals for centuries and more recently also explored in a medical context. Nowadays many studies are being carried out to prove the efficacy of its use in the treatment of various psychiatric disorders. 

Aim of study: Review of the current knowledge on the subject of psilocybin applied in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder, treatment-resistant depression and addiction.

Methods and materials: A review of chosen literature was carried out in the PubMed database and Google Scholar using the following phrases: psilocybin, psychedelics, psychedelic-assisted therapy, major depressive disorder, addiction.

Results: Recent studies suggest that psilocybin may be an effective form of treatment for cancer-related psychiatric distress, treatment-resistant depression and addiction. There are some reports of psilocybin being useful when treating obsessive-compulsive disorder and cluster headaches.

Conclusions: More large-scale, randomized, placebo-controlled studies are required to prove these promising findings. Psychological support is crucial during the treatment with psilocybin.
Bagai Makan Buah Simalakama: Resistensi Perempuan Terhadap Lembaga Sosial Keluarga dalam Catatan Hati Seorang Istri
Authors: Sholihah Alvia Mustafidatus , Atikurrahman Moh , Siregar Wahidah Zein Br.
Published: August 2023

This article aims to describe the figure of feminine resistance by depicting a wife's life in Catatan Hati Seorang Istri (Notes of a Wife's Heart). In Asma Nadia's prose, the narrative highlights domestic problems often experienced by third-world women who usually are faced with a dilemma between matters of domestic space and access to public space. This article refers to Naomi Wolf's view that feminism must fulfill if it is to be called a resistance movement: independence, altruism, persistence, courage, resilience, and willingness to sacrifice. The results of the study show that Wolf's view of power feminism is in the form of women's resistance figures, namely: (1) awareness of the power of women as independent women; (2) the way of thinking and acting of female characters who prioritize the interests of their husbands and children rather than their interests as strength; (3) firm and sure of the chosen decision; (4) dare to voice opinions on their choices; (5) the struggle of a woman when faced with a dilemma in the domestic and public spheres; and (6) sacrifice for the decision of the path of his own choice of life.
Belenggu Hegemoni Patriarki dalam Cerpen Bulan Kuning Sudah Tenggelam Karya Ahmad Tohari
Authors: Lestari Selvi Triana , Rabbani Ilham
Published: August 2023

This research seeks to dismantle the fetter of patriarchal hegemony and resistance carried out by female characters in the short story Bulan Kuning Sudah Tenggelam by Ahmad Tohari. Gramsci's theory of hegemony and Walby's thoughts on patriarchy are used as analytical tools. The method used is qualitative-descriptive. The findings of this research: The fetter of patriarchal hegemony experienced by Yuning's character occurs because of the hierarchical relationship between her and Raden Barnas as her father and his wife in the family structure. In truth, Yuning has shown resistance to the fetters she has experienced. However, it is anti-climatic because of the forgiveness of her husband's infidelity. At the same time, this condition marks the position of Yuning's figure being re-fettered by patriarchal hegemony, both in the family system and in the order of a country.
Latest clinical research
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: August 2023

Our round-up of the latest studies of interest to primary care nurses. By Mark Greener
Managing lichen sclerosus in a primary care setting
Authors: Perry Margaret
Published: August 2023

Margaret Perry explains how to diagnose and manage this unpleasant skin condition
Lived experiences of Filipino occupational therapists amid the COVID-19 pandemic in the East Coast, USA: compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction
Authors:   Graduate School, Cebu Doctors’ University, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines, Dag-um Cherry Belle V. , Bulan Paolo Miguel P. ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, Velez College, Cebu City, Cebu, Philippines
Published: August 2023

Background: Occupational therapists and other healthcare workers are characterized as having a higher probability of experiencing work-related stress and mental health issues than other professionals. Moreover, occupational therapists utilize mindful, compassionate care and full empathetic engagement in every clientele that draws from a source of wellness, strength, resilience, and presence. Occupational therapists provide client-centered care and highlight the therapeutic use of self by showing empathy and genuine engagement. This approach often exposes occupational therapists to clients’ experienced trauma during service delivery, leading to other problems for the healthcare practitioner. However, there is limited literature about burnout, compassion fatigue, and other mental health issues experienced by occupational therapists. More so, as accentuated by the past years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: This study addresses the following research objective, to explore the lived experiences of Filipino occupational therapists working in the East Coast, USA, amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Through their lived experiences, we can gain insight into how their experiences shape compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction, which can then be used to attenuate its adverse effects on the well-being of occupational therapists. Materials and methods: Ten Filipino occupational therapists who managed COVID- 19 cases in the East Coast, USA, served as the participants in individual in-depth interviews centered around their experience of COVID-19 patient care. Transcripts served as qualitative data sets and underwent thematic analysis. Results: Three themes emerged from the analysis and include: (1) Professional Experience: Waging War against the Pandemic, (2) Compassion Fatigue, and (3) Compassion Satisfaction. Conclusion: Despite facing conflict, uncertainty, and worry during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, Filipino occupational therapists find fulfillment in helping their patients recover and achieve optimal performance in affected occupations. Compassion fatigue themes are adverse effects of COVID-19, heavy workload combined with less manpower, and difficulty separating work and personal life. Compassion satisfaction includes participants’ view of their work as heroic and support from co-workers. This requires occupational therapists to highlight setting boundaries and doing everyday life routines to take a break from work and motivation to provide for themselves and their families. Moreover, this posits a need for healthcare organizations to re-examine strategies to attenuate compassion fatigue and highlight compassion satisfaction.
Prediction of fracture nonunion leading to secondary surgery in patients with distal femur fractures
Authors: Sainio Heini , Rämö Lasse , Reito Aleksi , Silvasti-Lundell Marja , Lindahl Jan
Published: August 2023

Aims

Several previously identified patient-, injury-, and treatment-related factors are associated with the development of nonunion in distal femur fractures. However, the predictive value of these factors is not well defined. We aimed to assess the predictive ability of previously identified risk factors in the development of nonunion leading to secondary surgery in distal femur fractures.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients with traumatic distal femur fracture treated with lateral locking plate between 2009 and 2018. The patients who underwent secondary surgery due to fracture healing problem or plate failure were considered having nonunion. Background knowledge of risk factors of distal femur fracture nonunion based on previous literature was used to form an initial set of variables. A logistic regression model was used with previously identified patient- and injury-related variables (age, sex, BMI, diabetes, smoking, periprosthetic fracture, open fracture, trauma energy, fracture zone length, fracture comminution, medial side comminution) in the first analysis and with treatment-related variables (different surgeon-controlled factors, e.g. plate length, screw placement, and proximal fixation) in the second analysis to predict the nonunion leading to secondary surgery in distal femur fractures.

Results

We were able to include 299 fractures in 291 patients. Altogether, 31/299 fractures (10%) developed nonunion. In the first analysis, pseudo-R2 was 0.27 and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.81. BMI was the most important variable in the prediction. In the second analysis, pseudo-R2 was 0.06 and AUC was 0.67. Plate length was the most important variable in the prediction.

Conclusion

The model including patient- and injury-related factors had moderate fit and predictive ability in the prediction of distal femur fracture nonunion leading to secondary surgery. BMI was the most important variable in prediction of nonunion. Surgeon-controlled factors had a minor role in prediction of nonunion.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(8):584–593.
IoT Technology and Digital Upskilling Framework for Farmers in the Northern Rural Area of Thailand
Authors: Yooyativong Thongchai , Kamyod Chayapol
Published: August 2023

One-third of Thailand’s workers are in agriculture, but the country’s agricultural GDP is still less than 10% of its total GDP. Most Thai farmers are smallholders with limited land and low incomes. To improve the agricultural GDP and the economic situation of smallholder farmers, the Thai Government has been trying for decades to encourage and support smallholder farmers to adopt modern farming methods and smart farming equipment, including digital technologies. However, the improvement is still sluggish due to a lack of an effective approach to delivering essential digital knowledge and skills, as well as investment support for smart farming equipment. These have hindered smallholder farmers’ digital farming skill progress. To address this issue, the Broadcasting and Telecommunications Research and Development Fund for Public Interest has funded a project to develop the Digital Farmer Development Framework. This framework provides essential digital knowledge, training, coaching, and fundamental resources to upgrade smallholder digital-farming literacy to become digital farmers using problem- or project-based learning approaches and collaborative blended learning theories. Bloom’s taxonomy is used as a guideline for evaluating the framework’s effectiveness. Implementation of the Digital Farmer Development Framework has shown that farmers can significantly improve their digital farming literacy and are capable of using digital technology to improve farm management and productivity. Based on Bloom classification guidelines, 100% of the farms in the project can apply digital skills and utilize fundamental smart farming equipment as well as able to evaluate and analyze data from IoT devices. Moreover, 66% can create their own smart-system solution from fundamental smart farming tools for their farm. The project has also created a digital farmer community that shares knowledge and resources with others.
Spatial Predictive Modeling of Power Outages Resulting from Distribution Equipment Failure: A Case of Thailand
Authors: Thitisawat Thanaporn , Kiattisin Supaporn , Ayuthaya Smitti Darakorn Na
Published: August 2023

This research develops a location-based predictive model for distribution equipment failure for use in preventative maintenance scheduling and planning. This study focuses on equipment-related failures because they are one of the main causes of outages in Thailand. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data was integrated with asset data to predict the equipment failure of distribution equipment. Data on assets and outages from the Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA) was merged with GIS data from multiple sources, including elevation data, weather data, natural landmarks, and points of interest (POIs). Data was split into four regional datasets, and Random Forests (RF) feature selection and structural equation modeling was used to identify and confirm the most important features in each region. Logistic regression and RF regression were then used to estimate failures. RF regression was more effective than logistic regression at estimating equipment failure. The asset age and electrical load were significant predictors of outages. There were also geographic features that were significant predictors in each region, but which features affected outages varied by region. Thus, the study concluded that the approach developed could be used in preventative maintenance planning with some modification for regional characteristics, including geographic location and patterns of urbanization and industrialization.
A Survey on Light-weight Convolutional Neural Networks: Trends, Issues and Future Scope
Authors: Hafiz Abdul Mueed
Published: August 2023

Today with the substantial increase in the computing power of small devices and systems new challenges are emerging. For example, how to control a small handheld device which has the computing capabilities of a desktop Personal computer (PC) used five years ago. Devolving decision-making power to the device in order to make it more intelligent e.g. in the case of autonomous driving, is an interesting area. Deep learning has paved the way for this task due to its reliable decision-making capabilities which are quite popular. However for small devices there are constraints like availability of limited computation hardware, less power due to small batteries, need for real-time as well as accurate decision-making abilities, etc. In this regard, light-weight Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are a valuable tool. Lightweight CNNs like MobileNets, ShuffleNets, CondenseNets, etc. are deep networks which have a much lesser number of layers and a much smaller number of parameters as compared to their larger CNN counterparts like GoogLeNet, Inception, ResNets, etc. Due to their unique advantages for small stand-alone systems, light-weight CNNs are used in these systems. In this literature survey the notable light-weight CNNs along with their architecture, design features, performance metrics, advantages, etc are discussed. The trends, issues and future scope in the area are also discussed. It is hoped that by studying this survey, the reader will engage in research in this interesting area.
Spatial variability of soil physical attributes under conservation management systems for sugarcane cultivation
Authors: Arcoverde Sálvio Napoleão Soares , Souza Cristiano Márcio Alves de , Nagahama Hideo de Jesus , Cortez Jorge Wilson , Nascimento Jackeline Matos
Published: August 2023

Conservation systems for soil management are increasing for sugarcane cultivation. However, there is still little information about the effects of this management on soil physical quality at different scales, fundamental to agricultural activity sustainability. The objective was to evaluate the variability and spatial dependence of Oxisol physical attributes under no-tillage and reduced-tillage in sugarcane cultivation. Undeformed soil samples were collected 45 days after sugarcane planting, using a regular mesh with intervals of 7.5 m, totaling 32 points in each tillage system. Soil density, resistance to penetration, total porosity, macroporosity, and microporosity were determined in two depths (0-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m). Using geostatistical methods was verified in both tillage systems that spatial dependence in the two depths, prevailing in the layer 0.00-0.10 m, in no-tillage, strong dependence with the adjusted spherical model reduced preparation, moderate dependence, with exponential adjustment. In the 0.10-0.20 m layer, spatial dependence was an inversion and adjusted model, i.e., in no-tillage, there was moderate dependence, exponential adjustment, reduced preparation, strong dependence, and spherical adjustment. Linear correlations demonstrate how much soil physical attributes are related to management conditions and present behaviors like isoline cartogram.
“I Hope I Have a Treasure in Heaven, Because My Heart Is There”: Salvation and Damnation in the Conversion Narrative of Patience Boston
Authors: Bottino Daniel , Peterson Hannah
Published: August 2023

abstract: This essay considers the 1738 conversion narrative of Patience Boston, a young Native woman executed for murder in York, Maine, in 1735. Titled A Faithful Narrative of the Wicked Life and Remarkable Conversion of Patience Boston , it contains Patience’s first-person account of her religious experiences while in York’s prison awaiting execution and was edited and published by York’s two ministers, Samuel Moody and his son Joseph. We analyze this text as a composite work of Patience Boston, Samuel Moody, and Joseph Moody, arguing that the evangelical piety of the two ministers resulted in the production of a conversion narrative that challenged colonial New England’s entrenched hierarchies of status in its confident proclamation of Patience’s heavenly salvation. We discuss Patience’s Narrative in comparison to earlier criminal narratives and analyze the role of New England’s Indian wars in shaping Samuel’s and Joseph’s desire to present Patience to the public as the model of a perfect Protestant Indian. We also consider the Narrative as an early exemplar of the piety of the Whitefieldian awakenings of the 1740s, arguing that this style of piety made it possible for Joseph to believe himself likely damned while simultaneously proclaiming Patience’s assured salvation.
Digital Melville and Computational Methods in Literary Studies
Authors: Mischke Dennis , Ohge Christopher
Published: August 2023

Abstract: The use of computational tools for the study of literature can facilitate new perspectives and avenues for critical work. Reflecting on the recent emergence of (and increasing hype around) large languages models such as GPT, this essay argues that the creation of "smart" data sets and corpora as new forms of literary objects requires and enables the development of computational methods and tools that can create "data stories". Smart data sets continue a humanistic tradition of textual scholarship and bibliography while also preparing text data to be "read" by machines. In telling "data stories" about Herman Melville, we bridge the gap from "numbers to meaning" in a variety of examples from Billy Budd . The essay closes with a broader reflection on reading Melville in the age of machine learning and artificial intelligence.
The "Material Autobiography" of Melville's Print Collection Online
Authors: Otter Samuel , Wallace Robert K.
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Melville's Print Collection Online ( MPCO ) is a digital humanities website designed to exhibit, document, and interpret the 420 prints we know (so far) that Melville collected. Three of eight planned chapters have been completed and are available on the site. MPCO offers high-resolution images and discussions of the prints in relation to art history; to Melville's fiction, poetry, journals, and correspondence; and to his life as author and collector. In this essay we consider Melville's acquisition of prints as what Susan M. Pearce, in On Collecting , terms an "act of imagination"; we describe the structure of the site; and we analyze three examples that convey MPCO 's range of images and approaches, the discoveries that the Web has enabled, and the interpretive possibilities that the site affords. These examples span a range of techniques (line engraving, lithograph, mezzotint) and topics (Greek tragedy, topographical view, biblical miracle) and relate to issues prominent in Melville's writing and life: the reach of imagination, the geography of politics, and the intimacies of absence and presence.
1520/2020: En tiempos del virus, o, quinientos años de medición biopolítica
Authors: Radlwimmer Romana
Published: August 2023

Resumen: En los años 1520 y 2020, dos escenarios virológicos globalizados irrumpen en el continente americano y afectan a las poblaciones subalternizadas de forma acentuada: la viruela y el Covid-19. Las dos enfermedades se miden numérica–y estadísticamente, revalorizando vida y las distancias, y relacionando asuntos patológicos y (neo-)coloniales. Estas prácticas biopolíticas se reproducen en las crónicas españolas y mexicas del siglo dieciséis y en la literatura contemporánea sobre Covid-19. Midiendo la inmunidad con parámetros administrativos impuestos o según sus propios criterios, estos textos reflejan la construcción de lo "otro" (contagioso) durante los tiempos del virus. A pesar de su distancia histórica, los dos corpus literario-picto-gráficos repiten o subvierten la medición medicinal-estatal y evidencian la continuidad de un discurso biopolítico prevaleciente desde la época colonial temprana.
Distancia y rentabilidad de las cosas en el Río de la Plata (s. XVI)
Authors: García Loaeza Pablo
Published: August 2023

Resumen: En las primeras décadas de la colonización del Río de la Plata (1536–1556), el distanciamiento de la metrópolis y de las rutas marítimas habituales reveló la rentabilidad de los objetos cotidianos —cosas como zapatos, camisas, peines, papel, agujas, tijeras, anzuelos, cuchillos y cuñas— no sólo en términos económicos, sino como agentes de la cohesión social de la colonia europea. También fueron rentables al permitir el acercamiento entre los colonos y los indígenas carios, sin lo cual la colonia difícilmente hubiera podido sobrevivir. Este trabajo aprovecha las propuestas de la teoría del actor-red ("Actor-Network Theory") para poner en evidencia el valioso papel que jugaron las cosas como actores en la colonización temprana del Río de la Plata. En última instancia, propone que el éxito de los europeos en esa alejada región —pero incluso en el resto del continente— se puede explicar por la creciente densidad de la red europea frente a las menguantes redes indígenas.
¿La marginalidad como oportunidad? Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora y las culturas de conocimiento de la nueva España
Authors: Simson Ingrid
Published: August 2023

Resumen: Los autores e intelectuales de la Nueva España del siglo diecisiete se encontraron en una situación compleja y difícil. Como sujetos coloniales, estaban marginados en sociedades híbridas, una participación en el poder parecía imposible. Sin embargo, algunos de estos intelectuales produjeron obras excelentes y destacadas, sobre todo Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz y Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora. Por eso, se pregunta si existe una relación entre la situación colonial, la marginación y la obtención de conocimientos. ¿Acaso la marginación crea distancia con respecto a una serie de contextos, lo que a su vez puede dar lugar a espacios libres para el pensamiento independiente y creativo?
Una nodriza esclava reescribe la historia: Un análisis epistemológico de Changó, el gran putas (1983) de Manuel Zapata Olivella
Authors: Nohe Hanna
Published: August 2023

Resumen: Changó, el gran putas (1983) del autor afrocolombiano Manuel Zapata Olivella ha sido categorizada como novela histórica afro-hispánica revisionista. Este artículo se propone analizar el primer capítulo de la cuarta parte, examinando el punto de vista epistemológico presentado y las estrategias narrativas para lograrlo. Empleando los conceptos de la colonialidad del ser y del saber y los saberes otros según Walter D. Mignolo, se mostrará cómo la narración presenta una perspectiva alternativa a la historia oficial, convirtiendo el relato en acto performativo para una toma de conciencia.
O novo gótico animal: Uma leitura de Cadáver exquisito de Agustina Bazterrica
Authors: Melo Anita de
Published: August 2023

Resumen: A contemporaneidade tem presenciado um renascimento do gênero de terror. Na América Latina, esta nova era dourada da ficção que aterroriza tem sido chamada de "o novo gótico latino-americano" (Madrid). Tais obras tendem a refletir os temores atuais das sociedades modernas, particularmente o impacto humano sobre o mundo natural; logo, este novo gótico latino-americano possibilita abordagens ecocríticas. No âmbito das teorias ecocríticas, o campo interdisciplinar dos estudos animais vem ocupando uma posição cada vez mais proeminente. A virada animal, como é chamada esta mudança de paradigma, ao explorar não apenas a vida dos animais não-humanos, mas também a sua representação literária na construção do conhecimento, tem fomentado novos entendimentos sobre o animal não-humano. Tendo como aporte teórico os estudos literários sobre animais e as discussões sobre o novo gótico latino-americano, este ensaio argumenta que elementos góticos são utilizados no romance Cadáver Exquisito (2017) da escritora argentina Agustina Bazterrica a fim de representar, inter alia , a condição e o trauma sofrido por animais não-humanos em granjas de produção industrial de carne e nos laboratórios de experimentos científicos. A partir desta análise, Cadáver Exquisito emerge como um registro literário original, com uma abordagem que reflete robustamente sobre o uso dos (bem como a relação com os) animais não-humanos e expõe normais sociais especistas.
Retrato del pueblo en Pensamiento único (2008) de Nelson Garrido
Authors: Mejías Martínez Oriana
Published: August 2023

Resumen: La serie fotográfica Pensamiento único (2008) fue realizada por Nelson Garrido (1952) poco después de la campaña a favor del Sí para el referéndum consultivo de 2007. Una lectura de esta propuesta fotográfica plantea una denuncia ante una suerte de instrumentalización del pueblo, en tanto masa, a fin de respaldar al líder de un partido (y de la campaña), en lugar de dirigir estos esfuerzos a promover las ideas del proyecto político en disputa en aquel momento. Garrido se rebela ante el pensamiento único movilizado en la campaña del Sí utilizando objetos de la propaganda política para mostrar un ideario de personajes y conceptos, como la familia y el partido, que evidencian los límites y las proyecciones nacionalistas de estos mecanismos en la contienda política. En este trabajo se articulan las ideas de Didi-Huberman sobre la exposición del pueblo en las imágenes y los postulados de Laclau sobre la identidad de la masa y su rol político, yendo más allá de la máscara de los sujetos fotografiados y discernir los motivos evocados en esta serie fotográfica.
Switchable metasurface for high-efficiency absorption and broadband polarization conversion based on vanadium dioxide in the terahertz frequency
Authors: Xie Shenglin , Zhu Hailiang , Zhou Yuxin , Yu Miao , Mou Jinchao , Liu Lin , Di Yujie , Wang Gengchen
Published: August 2023

High-performance devices with superior execution will facilitate the practical
application of terahertz (THz) technology and foster
THz innovation. In this paper, taking advantage of the phase
transition characteristics of vanadium dioxide (VO2), a reconfigurable metasurface with
absorption and polarization conversion capacities is proposed. The
metallic condition of VO2 results in the formation of a
wideband absorber. It provides more than 90% absorption over a broad
spectral range from 3.32 to 5.30 THz. Due to the regularity of
the meta-atom, the absorber is not polarization-delicate and keeps a
high retention rate in the scope of incoming angles from 0° to 45°.
When VO2 is in the insulating condition, the
calculated outcomes demonstrate that the cross-polarization conversion
rate can reach more than 90% in the range of 2.29–7.85 THz when x-polarized or y-polarized waves are incident
vertically. The proposed metasurface is likely to be used in the
fields of emitters, sensors, imaging systems, and wireless
communication.
High-resolution multi-spectral snapshot 3D imaging with a SPAD array camera
Authors: Qi Fenghua , Zhang Pu
Published: August 2023

Currently, mainstream light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems usually involve a mechanical scanner component, which enables large-scale, high-resolution and multi-spectral imaging, but is difficult to assemble and has a larger system size. Furthermore, the mechanical wear on the moving parts of the scanner reduces its usage lifetime. Here, we propose a high-resolution scan-less multi-spectral three-dimensional (3D) imaging system, which improves the resolution with a four-times increase in the pixel number and can achieve multi-spectral imaging in a single snapshot. This system utilizes a specially designed multiple field-of-view (multi-FOV) system to separate four-wavelength echoes carrying depth and spectral reflectance information with predetermined temporal intervals, such that one single pixel of the SPAD array can sample four adjacent positions through the four channels’ FOVs with subpixel offset. The positions and reflectivity are thus mapped to wavelengths in different time-bins. Our results show that the system can achieve high-resolution multi-spectral 3D imaging in a single exposure without scanning component. This scheme is the first to realize scan-less single-exposure high-resolution and multi-spectral imaging with a SPAD array sensor.
Inverse Lithography Physics-informed Deep Neural Level Set for Mask Optimization
Authors: Hao Shaogang , Ma Xing
Published: August 2023

As the feature size of integrated circuits continues to decrease, optical proximity correction (OPC) has emerged as a crucial resolution enhancement technology for ensuring high printability in the lithography process. Recently, level set-based inverse lithography technology (ILT) has drawn considerable attention as a promising OPC solution, showcasing its powerful pattern fidelity, especially in advanced process. However, massive computational time consumption of ILT limits its applicability to mainly correcting partial layers and hotspot regions. Deep learning (DL) methods have shown great potential in accelerating ILT. However, lack of domain knowledge of inverse lithography limits the ability of DL-based algorithms in process window (PW) enhancement and etc. In this paper, we propose an inverse lithography physics-informed deep neural level set (ILDLS) approach for mask optimization. This approach utilizes level set based-ILT as a layer within the DL framework and iteratively conducts mask prediction and correction to significantly enhance printability and PW in comparison with results from pure DL and ILT. With this approach, computation time is reduced by a few orders of magnitude versus ILT. By gearing up DL with knowledge of inverse lithography physics, ILDLS provides a new and efficient mask optimization solution.
Dual-channel air-pulse optical coherence elastography for frequency response analysis
Authors: Gongpu Lan , Song Chengjin , He Weichao , Feng Jinping , Huang Yanping , Qin Jia , An Lin , Twa Michael , Xu Jingjiang
Published: August 2023

Microliter air-pulse stimulated optical coherence elastography (OCE) was recently proposed for tissue biomechanical characterization using natural frequency oscillations. However, previous studies have not quantified actual stimulation parameters (e.g. time-frequency analysis), obscuring the actual stimulation-response function, leading to potential errors in natural frequency measurement. We propose a dual-channel air-pulse OCE method with one channel stimulating the sample and the other simultaneously measured with a pressure sensor. While pressure amplitude differences were ~10%, the frequency profiles were identical (duration: 3–35 ms; pressure: 20 Pa to 2 kPa) for both channels. The frequency response function was used to characterize the resonant features of agar phantoms (concentrations: 1–2%) and a silicone cornea phantom in an artificial anterior chamber eye model (intraocular pressure, IOP: 5–40 mmHg) under a 200 Pa stimulation pressure. The measured dominant natural frequencies increased with agar concentrations (181 Hz to 359 Hz, maximum displacements: 0.14–0.47 µm) and IOPs for the silicone cornea (333 Hz to 412 Hz, maximum displacements: 0.41–0.52 µm). These frequencies were consistent across different air–pulse durations, though coefficient variation increased as stimulus duration increased. The dual-channel OCE approach, using low-pressure stimulation and small-amplitude oscillation features, can advance our understanding of sample frequency responses when accessing delicate tissues, such as the human cornea in vivo.
Cost-effectiveness evaluation of routine histoplasmosis screening among people living with advanced HIV disease in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Rajasingham Radha , Medina Narda , Mousquer Gabriel T. , Caceres Diego H. , Jordan Alexander , Nacher Mathieu , Falci Diego R. , Sebro Ayanna , Pasqualotto Alessandro C. , Sued Omar , Chiller Tom , Perez Freddy
Published: August 2023

Histoplasma antigen can be detected in people with advanced HIV disease (AHD), allowing for early and accurate diagnosis of histoplasmosis. The aim of this analysis was to assess the cost-effectiveness of routine histoplasmosis screening using antigen detection, among people with AHD. We developed a decision analytic model to evaluate Histoplasma antigen screening among people with AHD. The model estimated the costs, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of routine screening for Histoplasma antigen compared to the current practice of no routine Histoplasma antigen screening. The model includes stratification by symptoms of histoplasmosis, severity of presentation, and estimates of 30-day mortality. Data sources were taken from the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) Strategic Fund databases on public purchases of medicines, and published literature on treatment outcomes. Outcome measures are life years saved (LYS), costs (US dollars), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Routine Histoplasma antigen screening avoids an estimated 17% of deaths in persons with advanced HIV disease, and is cost-effective compared to no histoplasmosis screening, with an ICER of $26/LYS. In sensitivity analysis assuming treatment for histoplasmosis with liposomal amphotericin, Histoplasma antigen screening remains cost-effective with an ICER of $607/LYS. Histoplasma antigen screening among people with AHD is a cost-effective strategy and could potentially avert 17% of AIDS-related deaths. Prospective evaluation of histoplasmosis screening is warranted to determine effectiveness and treatment outcomes with this strategy.
Follow-up evaluation of pulmonary function and computed tomography findings in chronic kidney disease patients after COVID-19 infection
Authors: Jaturapisanukul Solos , Yuangtrakul Nadwipa , Wangcharoenrung Dearada , Kanchanarat Krongkan , Radeesri Kan , Maneerit Jakravoot , Manomaipiboon Anan , Rojtangkom Khemika , Ananthanalapa Chompoonuth , Rungrojthanakit Siwaporn , Thinpangnga Peerawit , Alvior Joshua , Trakarnvanich Thananda
Published: August 2023

Pulmonary complications are common after SARS-CoV2- infection. However, data on pulmonary sequelae of COVID-19 after recovery in dialysis patients are limited. We determined the prevalence of abnormal lung function tests and CT findings and investigate the association factors impacting pulmonary dysfunction. This prospective observational cohort study enrolled 100 patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing dialysis who had recovered from COVID-19 for ≥3 months. Pulmonary function test (PFT) and chest computed tomography (CT) were performed. Demographic data and laboratory results were recorded. The mean patient age was 55.15 ± 12.84 years. Twenty-one patients (21%) had severe COVID-19, requiring mechanical ventilation or oxygen supplementation. Pulmonary function tests revealed a restrictive pattern in 41% (95% confidence interval [CI], 31.73–50.78;) and an obstructive pattern in 7.29% (95% CI, 3.19–13.25) patients. The severe group showed PFT test results similar to the non-severe group, with three patients showing severe obstructive lung disease. The CT scan findings included reticulation (64%), multifocal parenchymal band (43%), ground glass opacities (32%), and bronchiectasis (28%). The median total CT score was 3 (interquartile range, 1–8.5). The CT score and PFT findings showed no association with pulmonary dysfunction extent, except in bronchiectasis. Lung function indices were associated with abnormal CT findings. Abnormal CT findings (bronchiectasis, reticulation, and ground-glass opacities) was associated with higher oxygen requirements than normal CT findings (p = 0.008, bronchiectasis; p = 0.041, reticulation; p = 0.032, ground-glass appearance). Aside from CT findings and CRP levels, no significant lung abnormalities were observed in severe and non-severe patients. Some patients had residual symptoms at follow-up. The findings indicate persistence of both radiological and physiological abnormalities in dialysis patients after COVID-19. However, the prevalence of these abnormalities was comparable to that in the normal population; few patients experienced ongoing symptoms. Follow-up observations and evaluations are warranted.

Trial registration. Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT05348759.
Teaching medicine web-based with the help of interactive audience response systems
Authors: Kremer Phillip , Richter Leonard , Melms Leander , Vogelmeier Claus F. , Schaefer Juergen R.
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic confronted the medical community worldwide with numerous challenges, not only with respect to medical care, but also for teaching the next generation of physicians. To minimize the risk of infections patient-unrelated classes can be held digitally. Here we present a student initiated, web-based teaching approach, called “From symptom to diagnosis”. In this seminar case reports of rare diseases were presented to the audience in a symptom-focused manner. The patients´ most significant symptoms were presented, followed by an in-depth discussion about differential diagnosis. First glance diagnosis pictures were shown to improve students´ ability to identify important clinical scenarios. We used chat functions as well as an audience response system to make the seminar more interactive. By this we attracted between 71 and 147 participants per session. The online seminar was very well perceived and 97% of the students saw an improvement of their diagnostic skills. In summary, we successfully established an interactive, web-based teaching format for medical students.