bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potrzeby i preferencje edukacyjne środowiska oświatowego nauczycieli szkół ponadgimnazjalnych/ponadpodstawowych w powiecie puławskim w latach 1999–2021
Authors: Baracz Anna
Published: April 2024

W artykule podjęto próbę analizy oceny systemowego wsparcia doskonalenia zawodowego w polskim systemie oświaty. Omówiono sposoby prowadzenia analiz ocen systemu doskonalenia zawodowego nauczycieli poprzez wskazanie istniejących tendencji. Ukazano tendencje w obszarze preferencji form doskonalenia. Wskazano wyniki analiz badań w obszarze potrzeb edukacyjnych środowiska oświatowego w aspekcie preferencji dotyczących form doskonalenie zawodowego w ramach funkcjonowania powiatowej publicznej placówki doskonalenia nauczycieli, co pozwoliło wskazać tendencje i preferencje nauczycieli w obszarze doskonalenia zawodowego.
Studium o aksjologii pedagogicznej Abrahama H. Maslowa
Authors: Zieliński Paweł
Published: April 2024

Autor szuka obecności i rozumienia wartości pedagogicznych w teorii aksjologicznej Abrahama H. Maslowa. Najpierw przedstawia dotychczasowe próby odczytu aksjologii pedagogicznej uczonego w Polsce, kwestionując niektóre wnioski. Potem dokonuje wstępnego rozpoznania teorii wartości uczonego oraz rozwija to zagadnienie, dociekając istoty wartości w rozumieniu Maslowa. Poczyniona rekonstrukcja ujawnia główne źródło aksjologii Maslowa w postaci doświadczeń szczytowych czy transcendentnych człowieka. Pozwala to na prezentację jednolitej, ośmiopoziomowej teorii potrzeb, motywacji i wartości Maslowa, w której wartości transcendentne stanowią źródło człowieczeństwa. Część końcowa artykułu zawiera nie tylko prezentację i rozumienie kilkunastu wartości uniwersalnych według Maslowa, ale też przykłady ich zastosowania w praktyce pedagogicznej. Praca wskazuje też na korelacje aksjologii pedagogicznej Maslowa z poglądami pedagogicznymi Sokratesa oraz twórczością pedagogiczną Eduarda Sprangera.
O DEBATE PEDAGÓGICO EM TORNO DA DIVERSIDADE SEXUAL A PARTIR DA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NO PARFOR
Authors: Lima Wollacy Esquerdo , Pereira Alexandre Adalberto
Published: April 2024

O artigo tem por objetivo descrever e analisar como o Curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia na modalidade PARFOR da Universidade do Estado do Amapá (UEAP) tem se organizado quanto à oferta de disciplinas e ao debate pedagógico da diversidade sexual e sua relação com a educação libertadora. Trata-se de pesquisa documental, que se utilizou da análise de projetos pedagógicos de curso (PPC), matrizes curriculares e ementários dos componentes curriculares do referido curso, os quais foram submetidos à técnica de análise do conteúdo. Os resultados demonstraram que, em detrimento do seu anúncio, o curso não contempla de forma efetiva os debates, tanto da educação libertadora quanto o debate pedagógico da diversidade sexual na formação de professores no PARFOR. Depreendeu-se que existe uma contradição entre o anunciado e o que é de fato concretizado. A partir do estudo documental de planos de curso e do projeto pedagógico, compreendeu-se que existe, sim, uma tentativa de colocar no papel o debate da diversidade, numa perspectiva democrática de inclusão, que na prática se torna inócua, pois tal anúncio visa atender apenas a adequações linguísticas e discursivas não opressivas, porém isso não significa, efetivamente, ações teóricas e práticas antiopressivas em termos da diversidade sexual.
FrostByte Dataset
Authors: van de Sand Ron , Reiff-Stephan Jörg
Published: April 2024

It is with great pleasure that we announce the release of the “Frost Byte” dataset. The dataset was collected during research on fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) approaches and their transferability to heterogeneous systems of industrial refrigeration systems at the Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau. The data collection took place between 2018 and 2019 and is intended to supplement the ASHRAE 1043-RP dataset (Comstock & Braun, 1999), which has been the only publicly available data source in this area to date. For comparison purposes, the method of data collection was chosen similarly, whereby this dataset collection was carried out using a ~ 100 kW refrigeration capacity ammonia system with plate heat exchangers. The dataset contains steady-data equally sampled from five classes: 1. Normal (fault-free operating condition) 2. Reduced Condenser Water Flow 3. Reduced Evaporator Water Flow 4. Non-Condensable Gases 5. Refrigeration Leak Each class was investigated under changing operational conditions and varying fault severity levels (SL).
Exploring the Mechanism of Isoforskolin against Asthma Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification
Authors: Fang Yan , Sun Shibo , Xiao Chuang , Li Min , Zheng Yuanyuan , Zu Anju , Luo Zhuang
Published: April 2024

In this study, network pharmacology combined with biological experimental verification was utilized to screen the targets of isoforskolin (ISOF) and investigate the potential underlying mechanism of ISOF against asthma. Asthma-related targets were screened from the Genecards and DisGeNET databases. SEA and Super-PRED databases were used to obtain the targets of ISOF. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were employed to identify enriched regulatory pathways of key targets in ISOF acting on asthma. Then, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed via STRING database and hub genes of ISOF against asthma were further screened using molecular docking. Finally, CCK-8, qPCR, and Western blotting were performed to confirm the targets of ISOF in treating asthma. A total of 96 drug potential therapeutic targets from the relevant databases were screened out. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis predicted that the target genes might be involved in the PI3K-Akt pathway. The core targets of ISOF in treating asthma were identified by the PPI network and molecular docking, including MAPK1, mTOR, and NFKB1. Consistently, in vitro experiments showed that ISOF acting on asthma was involved in inflammatory response by reducing the expression of MAPK1, mTOR, and NFKB1. The present study reveals that MAPK1, mTOR, and NFKB1 might be key targets of ISOF in asthma treatment and the anti-asthma effect might be related to the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.
Use of Remote Sensing Data to Assess the Effects of the Floodplain Vegetation Burning in the Lower Dniester National Park (Odesa Region)
Authors: Dvoretskiy T. V.
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study was to determine the burnt areas, response of the floodplain ecosystems to burning, and to determine the difference between them and the control sites using the remote sensing data. The impact of burning was assessed using the spectral indices: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Green Chlorophyll Index (GCI), Specific Leaf Area Vegetation Index
(SLAVI), Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI) and Moisture Stress Index (MSI). It was established that during the winter/spring period of 2020, fires in the territory of the Lower Dniester NNP covered almost 4453 hectares
(33.1% of the floodplain ecosystems area). Simulation showed that the difference between the burned and control areas gradually decreased over the vegetation period. Maximal difference was observed at the beginning of the growing
season (the quality of group selection was 43.2%), which indicates forming of relatively individual environmental conditions for the floodplain vegetation development.
In spring, the difference was equal to 20.3%, due to development of Phragmites australis, the edifier of the plant complexes of wetland ecosystems, whose stems have developed a leaf blade. The summer period was characterized by further decrease in the group selection quality (19.9%), owing to equalization of environmental conditions for vegetation development. The autumn period
was characterized by dry conditions and end of the growing season, which also contributes to the almost complete disappearance of differences between the plots (14.5%). Based on the analysis of similarity (ANOSIM), it was found that degree of difference between the burned plots was small, owing to local conditions and burning intensity, and amount of dry organic matter in certain areas. It was found that gradual decrease in differences during the vegetation season took place only at winter (February) burning. The influence of spring (March, April) burning resulted in significant variability of the similarity degree over the vegetation period.
Cómo realizar un levantamiento arquitectónico para ser aplicado a la cátedra de Dibujo, Lectura e Interpretación de Planos
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Forero Mayorga Eder , Moreno Sierra Vivian Carolina , Rey Huertas Luis Eduardo
Published: April 2024

La presente guía de docencia tiene como objetivo proporcionar tanto a docentes como a los estudiantes del programa de Ingeniería Civil un apoyo que les permita conocer todos los requisitos indispensables para la realización de un levantamiento arquitectónico para ser aplicado a la cátedra de dibujo, lectura e interpretación de planos.
Especificidades de la conciliación extrajudicial en Colombia en relación con las partes implicadas
Authors: Arrieta-López Milton , Meza-Godoy Abel , Carrasquilla-Díaz Laura Patricia , Martínez-Durango Lina
Published: April 2024

La conciliación extrajudicial en Colombia como mecanismo de solución de conflictos presenta características especiales respecto a las partes que pueden participar en ella como resultado directo la aplicación de normas jurídico-procesales. El objeto de la presente investigación es determinar, mediante la metodología del análisis crítico, la revisión bibliográfica y documental, cuales de las figuras procesales que tienen participación directa o indirecta en el proceso judicial, reúnen los requisitos de parte para actuar en la audiencia de conciliación. Se concluye que la comparecencia de las partes en conflicto al procedimiento conciliatorio es obligatoria, pero que a la audiencia adicionalmente podrán comparecer los apoderados y los llamados en garantía. No obstante, el agente oficioso posee facultades limitadas en el procedimiento, toda vez que carece de las atribuciones necesarias para avalar su actuar en la audiencia de conciliación.
A review of the Attagenus (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) species from South Africa and an image-based key to identification
Authors: Holloway Graham , Joseph Tara S. , Kadej Marcin
Published: April 2024

The Dermestidae is a relatively poorly studied family of insects but with a high rate of species discovery. The South African region is particularly rich in Attagenus spp. many of which are distinctively patterned. This study provides an updated list of Attagenus spp. in South Africa with a complete literature review and an image-based identification key to the Attagenus species within South Africa. Images of most species are provided. With the rise in significance of citizen science recording schemes, this study facilitates image-based identification and encourages both entomologists and citizen scientists to further contribute to the understanding of this beautiful Coleopteran family.
Analysis of Tyranny in European Political Philosophy: From the Middle Ages to Modern Times
Authors:   Surgut State University, Russian Federation, Markhinin Vasily
Published: April 2024

Since late antiquity and till Early Modern time tyranny had been an issue of a great importance for any set of ideological concepts as well as for any system of political philosophy. During this millennium-long period theories of tyrannical rule had stimulated the development of political philosophies and caused paradigmatic shifts of political and legal reasoning in general. In its initial point (i.e. since IV AD)a conventional understanding of tyranny had framed itself within a Platonist(Patristic) description of a tyrant as a degenerated person who subjected his own reason and will to perverted passions. So to prevent tyranny a ruler ought to re-subject his passions and carnal impulses to the reason embodied in divine and human laws. The earlier versions of this theory (e. g. presented by Alcuin or Agobard of Lyons) had focused on the need for spiritual perfection of rulers while the later ones (e. g. those of John of Salisbury and Aquinas) noted the legal aspects of anissue ﬁrst of all. The development of this so to say normative paradigm of theorizing had reached its peak in writings of John of Salisbury and Thomas Aquinas on the right of subjects to resist tyranny. A set of inner antinomies had prevented a successful accommodation of those theories to legal & political practice while the need for such an accommodation increased. A shift to a new paradigm of political thought had begun in the theories of state of Bartolo da Sassoferrato and Azzo and continued in the political philosophy of Italian civic humanists and Machiavelli. According to them a tyranny emerges from a conﬂict between the needs of political systems & rulers and the lack of available resources (both natural and societal) rather than from a moral perversion of the ruling persons. An adequate analysis of a tyrannical – and vice versa of a good – government thus required empirical circumstances (not just eternal laws) to be taken into account.
The Habitus of the Ruling Elite of Modern Russia
Authors:   Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Kozyrev Maksim
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to establish the peculiarities of the habitus of the ruling elite in modern Russia. The methodological basis is the position according to which certain points of view, type of thinking, habitus correspond to the social position. As a method of collecting information, one of the varieties of document analysis is thematic analysis. According to the results of the study, the following characteristic of the habitus of the ruling elite of modern Russia was given. The ideological attitudes of the Russian elite are oriented towards the patterns of Western culture, but the stability and depth of the referential orientation towards the West of the Russian elite groups depends on the political and economic situation. The ruling elite of Russia is conservative, it is generally satisﬁed with its position in Russia. The same reason leads to its negative attitude to any signiﬁcant social transformations. The conservatism of the Russian elite leads to the rejection of analytical thinking, with the help of which reality is decomposed in order to construct from its parts the future that is fundamentally different from the present. The ruling elite strives to see the world as integral and organic. The elite strata, at least, are suspicious and distrustful of the intellectual abilities and moral qualities of the Russian population. Attributing certain stable socio-psychological qualities to the population (irresponsibility, low ability to self-organize and adapt to changing socio-economic conditions, infantilism, inadequate assessment of reality) indicates a deep gap between the elite and other social groups, which, given such an obvious stigmatization, becomes not only political or economic, but also psychological. And this, in turn, is an additional conﬂictogenic factor. Failure to take into account the peculiarities of the situation of opposing social groups, which is a consequence of socially determined stigmatization, will be perceived as an arrogant and dismissive attitude, which often becomes the detonator of social clashes. Such a negative and exaggerated assessment of the socio-psychological qualities of the population is reﬂected in the quality of public administration. In the latter, there is a tendency to primitivization and one-sidedness of inﬂuence, a constant search for simple solutions. The failures caused by this are justiﬁed by the immaturity of the people, their low moral qualities, which only intensiﬁes the social gap and differentiation.
Conditions for the Success of National and Cultural Projects (Based on the Material of National Movements in the North-Western Region of the Russian Empire in the Second Half of the 19th Century)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Russian Federation, Filippov Sergey
Published: April 2024

The article deals with investigation into the conditions of the success of national movements. The analysis is based on comparing contrastive cases – the relatively successful Lithuanian and the relatively unsuccessful Belarusian national movements, as well as the policy of “Russiﬁcation” of ethnic Lithuanians. The rise of national movements in the western part of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century took place in the context of the restrictive measures by the imperial government against the Polish language and the Catholic Church and the decline in prestige of the previously dominant social group – the Polonized gentry after the defeat of the uprising of 1863–64. The success of the Lithuanian national project is due to the Catholic clergy of the territories inhabited by the ethnic Lithuanians – as an inﬂuential social group that enjoyed authority among the local population as well as among the local nobility. Considering government measures against the “harmful Polish inﬂuence” as well as the project of a “Reverse Union” (a certain united Orthodox-Catholic confession under the authority of orthodox clergy) in the Northwestern Krai of the Russian Empire, ethnic Lithuanians as a ﬂock were for the local Catholic church a community that provides not only inﬂuence and prosperity, but also existence itself. In order to distance itself from the “Polishness”, the Catholic clergy promoted the idea of a catholic Lithuanian nation. The anti-Polish orientation of Lithuanian nationalism, the relatively low number of ethnic Lithuanians, significant linguistic and religious differences between Orthodox Slavs and Catholic Lithuanians also reduced the imperial administration’s interest in ethnic Lithuanians as an object of Russiﬁcation. In the case of the Belarusian national movement, there was no such an inﬂuential social group in the second half of the 19th century, for which Belarusians as a nation would be a community providing basic social needs. The Greek Catholic Church, which could have become a national Belarusian church, joined the Russian Orthodox Church in 1839 and it was abolished later. The similarity of the Belarusian language, on the one hand, with Russian, and on the other hand, with the Polish languages led to its perception as a kind of “deviation from the norm”, signiﬁcantly reducing its prestige as a literary language.
Psychological Continuity as an Ontological Criterion of the Subject’s Personal Identity
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russian Federation, Bulanov Stanislav
Published: April 2024

In the current article the author considers the problem of the subject’s personal identity. The analysis of this concept seems to be very relevant, since in today’s public space the concept of identity is used, ﬁrstly, as non-problematic, and, secondly, as completely politicized. The analysis of the concept of identity is important because philosophy can look at the subject’s identity without prejudice and thereby depoliticize its concept. And ontology as a branch of philosophy is able to carry out a truly fundamental and comprehensive research of the concept of the subject’s identity. Personal identity turns out to be an ontological concept because the subject exists as identical to itself, and consistent reﬂection on the modes of existence of the subject inevitably leads us to discover the concept of its identity. The subject of the article is the subject’s personal identity. On the basis of philosophical methodology and on the method of historical analysis, the author of the study considers personal identity as something non-self-evident, placing it in the conceptual framework of subjectivity proposed by Levinas. The personal identity of the subject is endowed with the status of a mediator, smoothing out the collision of the same and the other. In this research, human identity appears as both a space and the result of a collision of familiar experience and new impressions – in the terminology of Levinas – identical and different. The temporal structure of the subject’s identity is revealed. The concept of an ontological criterion of personal identity is put forward and four historical concepts that offer such a criterion are considered: Locke, Hume, Kant and Parﬁt. Thus, four ontological criteria are found – consciousness, memory, transcendental criterion and psychological continuity. Each criterion is analyzed, integrated into the ontology of the subject’s personal identity and the role of each criterion is traced in the organization of its temporal structure. The results of the research are the reconstruction of the discovered concepts in the status of ontological criteria of personal identity, their comparative analysis is carried out. It is concluded that Parﬁt’s psychological continuity is the most consistent of all the analyzed criteria because it simultaneously afﬁrms the possibility of the subject’s personal identity and outlines the boundaries of the application of this concept. Though psychological continuity doesn’t ﬁt in Levinas’ conceptual frame because it doesn’t solve existential and ontological problems, that exist around concept of personal identity.
Sınıf Öğretmenlerinin Web 2.0 Araçlarının Matematik Dersinde Kullanımına Yönelik Görüşleri
Authors: Erol Şeymanur , Aydoğdu İskenderoğlu Tuba
Published: April 2024

Teknolojinin gelişmesiyle beraber 21. yüzyılda Web 2.0 araçları eğitim öğretim sürecinde önemli bir rol oynamaya başlamıştır. Eğitimde Web 2.0 araçlarının kullanımı, öğrencilerin dijital dünyada daha etkin bir şekilde iletişim kurmalarına ve öğrenmelerine katkı sağlamaktadır. Matematik dersinde Web 2.0 araçlarının kullanımı öğrencilerin matematikle ilgili fikirlerini ve görüşlerini paylaşmasına, diğer öğrencilerle iş birliği yaparak öğrenmesine, dersle ilgili olumlu tutumlar geliştirmesine yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu nedenle öğretmenlerin sınıf ortamında Web 2.0 araçlarını matematik derslerinde kullanmaları öğrenciler için yararlı olabilir. Buna bağlı olarak bu araştırmanın amacı sınıf öğretmenlerinin Web 2.0 araçlarını matematik dersinde kullanma durumlarını ve bu konudaki görüşlerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması ile desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden uygun örnekleme metodu ile belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini 2022-2023 eğitim öğretim yılında, devlet okullarının ilkokul kademesinde farklı sınıf düzeylerinde görev yapan ve çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılan 42 (31 kadın, 11 erkek) sınıf öğretmenleri oluşturmaktadır. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen bir görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda sınıf öğretmenlerinin çoğunluğunun matematik dersinde Web 2.0 araçlarının kullanılmasına ilişkin görüşlerinin olumlu yönde olduğu fakat Web 2.0 araçlarıyla alakalı yeterli bilgi düzeyine sahip olmadıkları ve konuya ilişkin eğitim alma yönünde istekli oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca sınıf öğretmenlerinin matematik dersinde Web 2.0 araçlarını kullanmanın dersin somutlaştırılmasında ve kalıcı öğrenmelerin gerçekleştirilmesinde etkili olduğunu düşündükleri sonucuna varılmıştır. Sınıf öğretmenlerinin Web 2.0 araçlarını en çok Türkçe ve Matematik dersinde kullandıkları sonucu elde edilmiştir. Sınıf öğretmenlerine Web 2.0 araçlarının nasıl kullanıldığına dair ayrıntılı ve uygulamalı hizmet içi eğitim verilmelidir.
Matematiksel Modelleme Öz yeterliklerin Ölçülmesi: Bir Ölçek Uyarlama Çalışması
Authors: Yıldız Erdoğan , Yetim Sebahat
Published: April 2024

Günümüzde baş döndürücü hızla gelişen bilim ve teknoloji ile birlikte bireylerin bu hıza ayak uydurabilmelerini sağlayacak bilgiyi; yorumlamaya, günlük yaşantılarına aktaracak becerilere sahip olmaları gerekmektedir. Bu becerilere sahip bireylerin nitelikli öğretim koşullarına, günlük yaşantılara dayalı eğitim-öğretim ortamlarının varlığına sahip olmaları şarttır. Bu ortamları sağlayan yöntemlerin biri de matematiksel modelleme sürecidir. Öğrencilerin matematiksel modellemedeki başarısı, öğrencilerin özyeterlik inancı ile yakından ilişkilidir. Bu bağlamda yapılan çalışmada, ortaokul düzeyinde öğrencilere yönelik matematiksel modelleme özyeterlik ölçeği uyarlama çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçek 253 öğrenciye uyarlanmış ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlarda, kullanılan ölçeğin 17 madde içeren tek faktörlü bir yapısı olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, ölçekten elde edilen puanların güvenirlik değeri (Croanbach α= 0,89) yeterli bulunmuştur. Analiz sonucunda elde edilen değerlerden, χ2/df değerinin 5'ten düşük olması, AGFI ve GFI değerlerinin 0,85'ten büyük olması ve RMSEA değerinin 0,08'den düşük olması uyum indeksleri açısından model uyumunun varlığını göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, matematiksel modelleme özyeterlik ölçeğinin ortaokul öğrencileri için geçerli ve uygun bir ölçek olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Developing technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK) booklet in biology subject to provide the TPACK materials for prospective biology teachers at UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
Authors: Utami Aprillyana Dwi , Harahap Guschairani , Khoiriyah Alya Nur
Published: April 2024

This research aims to develop a valid and practical Technological, Pedagogical, and Content Knowledge (TPACK) booklet for biology subjects to provide the TPACK materials of Biology Education students, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Education, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. This research is development research that carried out in three stages, namely the analysis, design, and evaluation stages. The analysis stage consists of literature study and identification needs. The design stage includes formulating objectives, preparing material, and designing the TPACK booklet for biological material. The evaluation stage itself is divided into self-evaluation, expert review, one-to-one and small group stages. This research was carried out only at the small group stage. The product research results were categorized as ‘very valid’ by the media validator with a score of 3.83 and the material validator with a score of 4. The development of the TPACK Booklet for biology subjects received a one-to-one and small group trial assessment with scores of 3.66 and 3.65 respectively in the ‘very practical’ category. It can be concluded that the TPACK Booklet for biology subjects is categorized as ‘very valid’ and ‘very practical’.
Perceived difficulty levels of basic concepts in biology by teachers in senior schools in Ogbomosho, Nigeria
Authors: Alawonde Oluseye Adegboye , Luwoye Akindeyi , Ahmed Abiola Tawa , Ahmed Mulkah Adebisi , Abimbola Ahmatullahi Folakemi
Published: April 2024

Over the years, many factors have been visible that lead to unimpressive performance in biology. One of the factors includes ineffectiveness and inefficiency of biology teachers which results from the difficulties faced with some biology concepts. The study investigated perceived difficulty levels of basic concepts in biology by teachers in senior schools in Ogbomosho, Oyo State. The study adopted a descriptive research of the survey type. The population for this study comprised all biology teachers in Ogbomosho. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select 262 respondents. The research instrument for this study was the Biology Teachers’ Perceptions Questionnaire on Difficult Concepts (BTPQDC). Three research questions were raised in the study. The research questions were analyzed using frequency count, percentage and cross-tabulation. The results showed that biology teachers perceived the majority of the basic concepts as not difficult. The concepts include the conservation of energy topics such as laws of thermodynamics, food chain, water cycle, micro and macro elements and holozoic nutrition Also, biology teachers perceived some reasons as the cause of difficulty in the basic concepts of biology. They include misconception of the concepts, insufficient subject-matter knowledge of the concepts, abstractness of the concepts, and complexity of the topic.
THE CONCEPT AND CLASSIFICATION OF CRIMINAL OFFENSES IN THE FIELD OF NONBANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AS A BASIS FOR THE FORMATION OF METHODOLOGY OF THEIR INVESTIGATION
Authors:   Main Department of the of the National Police in Kyiv, Ukraine, Solovyov E. P.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the problematic issues of the concept and classification of criminal offenses in the field of non-bank financial institutions as the basis for the formation of the methodology for their investigation. The purpose of the article is to define the concept and classification of criminal offenses in the field of non-bank financial institutions. The article substantiates that for successful investigation and disclosure of criminal offenses in the field of non-bank financial institutions’ activities, the concept and classification of these criminal offenses are of great importance, and they are the basis for forming the methodology for investigation of these criminal offenses. It is proved that the entire array of criminal offenses committed in the field of non-bank financial institutions is united into a homogeneous group on the basis of the direct object (property relations in the field of production, exchange, distribution and consumption of goods and services) and technologies of using certain institutions (rules, procedures, mechanisms) of non-bank financial activities. The author provides the concept of criminal offenses in the field of non-bank financial institutions as unlawful socially dangerous acts which: encroach on social relations related to consolidation (accumulation) of savings of individual investors (the activities of NFIs lead to separation of the savings function and the investment function, which increases the efficiency of capital allocation); investment; disruption of market equilibrium and ensuring high liquidity of financial investments; redistribution and reduction of financial risks; economic. It is substantiated that the development of scientifically sound recommendations on the methodology of investigation of criminal offenses involves the use of a differentiated approach due to the specific features of their individual types (groups). The author proposes the conceptual foundations of a comprehensive investigation methodology based on the division of criminal offenses in the field of non-bank financial institutions depending on the object of criminal law protection. It is proved that criminal offenses in the field of non-bank financial institutions, despite the diversity of criminal law content and qualification, constitute a homogeneous group of socially dangerous acts united on the basis of identified and grouped common features.
THE NEW TOPOGRAPHICS, DARK ECOLOGY, AND THE ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE OF NATIONS: CONSIDERING AGENCY IN THE PHOTOGRAPHS OF EDWARD BURTYNSKY AND MITCH EPSTEIN FROM A POST-ANARCHIST PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Truscello Michael
Published: April 2024

Edward Burtynsky’s aesthetic and the New Topographic aesthetic from which it derives, I argue, should not be seen as apolitical but rather as traces of an empire in ruins and a sociality to come; that is, by employing a post-anarchist analysis, I demonstrate how Burtynsky’s photographs in his recent collection Oil, and Mitch Epstein’s images from American Power, produce an aesthetic of what Yves Abrioux calls “intensive landscaping,” or “landscaping as style, as the promise of a social spacing yet to come” (264). What Burtynsky and Epstein accomplish in their photographs related to energy in particular is “to invent relations, rather than assert ideological or cultural control” (ibid.); the place of energy extraction and transport becomes not a self-contained striation of ecological degradation, but a “place of passage,” to use Deleuze and Guattari’s terminology, a depiction of wildness and civilization in contact, assembled and reformulating the landscape into something other. The aesthetic under consideration has much in common with Timothy Morton’s “dark ecology” and Stephanie LeManager’s “feeling ecological,” theories that attempt to understand the affective connections between the infrastructure of oil capitalism and ecology (“Petro-Melancholia” 27).
Newly Discovered Remains of a Late Upper Paleolithic Dwelling in the Northern Baikal Area: Cultural Horizon 3/2 at Kovrizhka IV on the Vitim River
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Tetenkin A. V. , Henry A. ,   Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR 7264 CEPAM, Gauvrit Roux E. ,   Fondation Fyssen, Zooscan, IRL 2013, CNRS, Demonterova E. I. ,   Institute of the Earth’s Crust, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Razgildeeva I. I. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматриваются результаты исследований нового комплекса культурных остатков на стоянке Коврижка IV (р. Витим, Байкало-Патомское нагорье) в культурном горизонте 3/2. Стояночная структура представляет собой скопление культурных остатков у очага, оконтуренное выкладкой в виде овала (длина 4,7, ширина 3,2 м) из восьми плит, которое определено как остатки жилища. Приводятся сведения о планиграфии комплекса. Очаг находится не в центре, ближе к предполагаемому входу в северо-восточной части. Под одной из плит контурной выкладки выявлено пятно охры. Даются количественная и типологическая характеристики ассамбляжа. Общее количество каменных артефактов — ок. 2,4 тыс. ед. На основе выборочного трасологического исследования к орудиям отнесены четыре отщепа с ретушью и без ретуши (определены как ножи), бифас — клиновидный нуклеус, бифасиальное скребло-нож. В группу орудий входят бифасиальное скребло-нож, 2 фрагмента унифасиальных орудий-скребел, резчик, отщепы с ретушью, всего 12 ед. Найдены три микропластинчатых торцово-клиновидных нуклеуса, один из которых изготовлен из бифаса, а два — из сколов. На основе опыта изучения ранее открытых на Коврижке IV двух жилищ и одного очажного комплекса, а также результатов AMS-датирования (возраст комплекса ок. 18,9-18,6 тыс. л.н.) доказано, что облик рассматриваемой индустрии соответствует ранней фазе позднего верхнего палеолита нижнего Витима. Приводятся данные антракологического исследования, свидетельствующие о тундростепном ландшафте с островами кустарниковой (ивовой) растительности. Сделан вывод о том, что эпизод обитания в жилище был кратковременным. Данный объект вместе с подобными объектами, раскопанными ранее на стоянке Коврижка IV, позволяет составить представление о культуре и деятельности людей в позднем верхнем палеолите в конце Последнего ледникового максимума.
Types of Construction Nails from Markul, Abkhazia (Based on Metallographic Analysis)
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Trebeleva G. V. , Konushkin S. V. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevostyanov M. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yurkov G. Y. ,   Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

В ходе раскопок на территории Маркульского городища (Абхазия) было найдено скопление железных предметов, в т.ч. гвоздей. Последние обычно мало привлекают внимание исследователей, т.к. не могут служить хронологическим маркером. Попытки создать типологию гвоздей на основе их метрических параметров оказались не совсем удачными. Качество металла, из которого изделия были выкованы, целенаправленно не изучалось. А оно может дать ответ на вопросы о применении гвоздей и о практикуемых технологиях строительства. В статье представлены результаты металлографического анализа 19 гвоздей с Маркульского городища (13 экз. из обнаруженного единовременного завала железных предметов и 6 экз. с двух других участков памятника). Полученные данные позволили разделить их на три типа по структуре металла и, соответственно, свойствам гвоздей: ферритной структуры («мягкие»), ферритно-перлитной («прочные») и цементитной («сверхпрочные»). Эти типы гвоздей коррелируют с тремя основными видами строительных материалов, использовавшихся на территории Абхазии в позднеантичное и средневековое время. Отсутствие корреляции между метрическими параметрами гвоздя и структурой металла говорит о том, что последняя целенаправленно формировалась для конкретных задач, исходя из характеристик материала, с которым гвоздь должен обеспечить скрепление.
A Log Structure in the Northern Palisade of Fort Umrevinsky
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borodovsky A. P.
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена результатам раскопок северного участка тыновой стены Умревинского острога. В ходе археологических исследований выявлено основание срубной конструкции с дощатым полом, встроенное в центральную часть северного тына. Плотное примыкание тыновой канавки к сохранившимся двум венцам сруба свидетельствует об одном строительном периоде возведения этих деревянных оборонительных сооружений. На данном участке выявлен еще один въезд на территорию острога, находившийся практически на одной линии с противоположным южным. Конструктивные особенности основания срубного сооружения (способ рубки бревен, пол из досок), размеры (6 х 6 м) и расположение позволяют идентифицировать его как основание северной проездной башни. Планиграфия, расположение и габариты конструкции соответствуют локализации и основным параметрам деревянных башен сибирских острогов. При исследовании ранее одной из угловых башен Умревинского острога, построенной уже во второй четверти XVIII в., также был выявлен дощатый пол. Установлено, что северная проездная башня была возведена на начальном этапе (до первой трети XVIII в.) существования этого укрепленного поселения. Наличие данной деревянной оборонительной конструкции позволяет отнести Умревинский острог к числу пограничных укреплений, имевших под прямоугольный в плане тын и одну проездную башню. Не исключено, что выявленный фундамент северной проездной башни был описан в 1741 г. И.Г. Гмелиным как развалины караульного помещения. Башни сибирских острогов были многофункциональными. Они не только имели оборонительное значение, но и являлись караульными, жилыми и складскими помещениями.
Traditional Bow of the Selenga Buryats (Based on a 2019 Field Study)
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kharitonov R. M.
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматриваются результаты исследования трех бурятских луков, выявленных в ходе полевых изысканий в с. Ташир Селенгинского р-на Республики Бурятии в 2019 г. Все предметы имеют удовлетворительную сохранность, а один из них до сих пор находится в рабочем состоянии. Дается подробное описание конструкции изделий, устанавливается типологическое сходство выделенных морфологических и технологических характеристик предметов, которое проявляется в абрисе луков без тетивы, способах оформления переходных зон, сечении плеча, формах и комбинации роговых накладок. Определяется сила натяжения, на основе которой делаются выводы о рабочих возможностях оружия и сфере его применения. Приводятся комментарии бурятского стрелка из лука — владельца рассматриваемых предметов — об особенностях использования их в различных погодных условиях. Полученные данные соотносятся с опубликованными этнографическими свидетельствами, приводятся дополнительные данные об архивных материалах конца XIX — начала XX в.
REPRODUKSI MITOS DALAM TRADISI MANDI PADA MALAM JUMAT KLIWON DI SITUS BALEKAMBANG
Authors: Martanti Nadia Luki , Brata Nugroho Trisnu
Published: April 2024

REPRODUCTION OF MYTHS IN THE TRADITION OF BATHING ON FRIDAY NIGHT KLIWON AT THE BALEKAMBANG SITEThe people of Sidorejo Village believe in the myth of Kliwon Friday night bathing at the Balekambang site. Myths that were previously feared by society are now being rearranged and updated to produce change. The purpose of writing the article is to analyse the process of commodification of the Balekambang Site myth being reproduced for the economic benefit of the community and to analyze the economic-social changes that have occurred in the Sidorejo Village community. The research method used is qualitative. The subjects of this research are the people at the Balekambang Site, Sidorejo Village. Data collection techniques in this research are observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this research show that the reproduction process of the bathing myth on Kliwon Friday night is carried out by making the myth into a commodity, then distributing it by carrying out construction around the site. When taking a bath, which previously required burning offerings or incense, now you only need to say your wishes in your heart. The changes experienced by the community are related to increasingly diverse livelihoods and positive interactions to attract as many visitors as possible.Masyarakat Desa Sidorejo memiliki kepercayaan pada mitos mandi malam Jumat Kliwon di Situs Balekambang. Mitos yang dahulu ditakuti oleh masyarakat saat ini ditata kembali dan diperbaharui sehingga menghasilkan perubahan. Tujuan dari penulisan artikel untuk menganalisis proses komodifikasi mitos Situs Balekambang direproduksi untuk kepentingan ekonomi masyarakat dan mengalisisis perubahan ekonomi-sosial yang terjadi pada masyarakat Desa Sidorejo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah masyarakat di Situs Balekambang, Desa Sidorejo. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah obersevasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa proses reproduksi mitos mandi pada malam Jumat Kliwon dilakukan dengan menjadikan mitos sebagai komoditas, kemudian mendistribukannya dengan melakukan pembangunan di sekitar situs. Pelaksanaan mandi yang semula harus membakar sesaji atau dupa sekarang hanya perlu mengucapkan keinginan dalam hati saja. Adapun perubahan yang dialami masyarakat yaitu berkaitan dengan mata pencaharian yang semakin beragam dan interaksi yang positif untuk menarik pengunjung sebanyak-banyaknya.
Systemic Arterial Hypertension and Ophthalmohypertension as Independent Risk Factors for Poor Response to Antiangiogenic Therapy with Line 1 Drugs in Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Likhvantseva V. G. , Gevorgyan A. S. , Kapkova S. G. , Rychkova S. I. , Borisenko T. E.
Published: April 2024

Purpose: to assess hypertension as a risk factor for a poor response to antiangiogenic therapy.

Patients and methods. Systemic blood pressure was studied in 84 patients (92 eyes) with age-related macular degeneration who were treated with intravitreal injections of Eilea in a fixed mode.

Results. It was found that significantly more often a poor response to treatment in the form of partial non-resposing or progression of the disease, despite treatment, is associated with elevated diastolic blood pressure (DBP, p = 0.01). An increase in systolic (SBP) blood pressure in patients with arterial hypertension and AMD is accompanied by an increase in eye perfusion pressure (p < 0.01), which apparently worsens the absorption of angiostatics and causes a poor response to treatment. According to the results of the study, the most favorable corridor of SBP values associated with ideal response is in the range of values of 104–140 mm Hg, and DBP is in the range of 68–80 mm Hg st., which should be taken as the recommended parameters of blood pressure in patients with nVMD receiving a course of treatment for Eylea. Intraocular pressure (IOP) has demonstrated itself as a second modifiable independent and independent risk factor for poor response to treatment with nVMD with line 1 anti-VEGF therapy drugs. Intraocular pressure (IOP) has demonstrated itself as a second modifiable independent and independent risk factor for poor response to nVMD treatment with line 1 anti-VEGF therapy drugs. The biomarker associated with the ideal response was — 12.6 mm Hg, and the corridor of recommended values — 11–21 mm Hg. An increase in ophthalmotonus with the output of personalized values beyond this corridor seems to worsen the outcome of treatment.

Conclusion. The identification of modifiable risk factors is extremely important in practical ophthalmology, as it opens up the possibility of increasing the patient’s chances of a better treatment outcome. Modifiable risk factors are valuable and powerful tools that replenish our arsenal. Information about them is important not only in the treatment of AMD, but can also be the patient’s motivation for switching to a healthy lifestyle and reducing the risk of developing the disease.
Factors Associated with the Myopia Degree in Students
Authors: Plotnikov D. Yu. , Agliullina S. T. , Krasilnikova D. D.
Published: April 2024

Purpose: to identify the most significant factors associated with myopic refraction in medical university students, which can be used for early prediction and prevention of myopia.

Materials and methods. The survey data of students of 1–6 courses of Kazan State Medical University and the data on refraction of patients’ eyes obtained from the “Medical record of a patient receiving medical care on an outpatient basis” (registration form No. 025/y) were used. The refraction of the eye in each of the participants was calculated as the average value of the spherical equivalent of the right and left eyes.

Results. According to the ophthalmologist’s examination, myopia was detected in 219 (69 %) of the surveyed students. 134 (42 %) students had mild myopia, 66 (21 %) had moderate myopia, 19 (6 %) were highly myopic. Among myopes, 73 % of students wear glasses (160/219), contact lenses — 41 % of respondents (90/219). The median age of onset of spectacle wear was 13 years (Q1–Q3 = 10–26). The median refraction of the right eye (D) was -2.50 D (Q1–Q3 = -1.5…-4.0), the left eye -2.75 D (Q1–Q3 = -1.6…-4.0). The early age of onset of spectacle wear is the factor most significantly associated with myopic refraction (+0.23 D/year, p = 1.30×10-11), and an important prognostic sign of the development of high myopia. Factors associated with stronger myopic refraction are high height and low weight, as well as less physical activity.

Conclusion. It is necessary to take into account the anthropometric and behavioral features of the patient when developing an individual plan for the prevention and treatment of myopia, in order to avoid the development of complications leading to vision loss.
Assessment of Age-related Histopathological Changes Occurring in the Lacrimal Gland of Aging Wistar Rats
Authors: Novikova Yu. P. , Grigoryan E. N.
Published: April 2024

Purpose. Wistar rats are often used in ophthalmological studies and in testing substances having therapeutic effects. The condition of the eyes of these animals, as well as other mammals, including humans, in the normal state, pathology, and aging, depends on the work of the lacrimal glands. The aim of this study was to develop convenient approaches for determining age-dependent histopathological changes in the exorbital lacrimal glands (ELGs) of aging rats.

Material and methods. Isolated ELGs obtained from Wistar rats aged of 8 and 11 months served as a material of the study. Changes in the structure of ELGs were evaluated using methods of computer analysis of morphological patterns and quantitative data processing.

Results. The functioning and state of the ELGs are reflected in their dramatic structural changes and progressive inflammation. Our study proposes a simple way to assess the state of ELGs in aging rats using methods of morphology and computer programs. Using the proposed approach, it was shown that in the period from 8 to 11 months of postnatal development, significant age-related changes occur in aging rats. Changes manifest in the progress of parenchymal degeneration and progressive infiltration of the tissue by inflammatory cells.

Conclusions. The proposed method of ELG state’s evaluation can be used in ophthalmological studies, and in particular, when studying the development of “dry eye” syndrome and testing the means of its therapy.