bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why social distancing can affect our emotions: social touch and its effect on neurobehavioural networks
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: February 2022

In the trying times of the COVID-19 pandemic, many poeple were trapped in solitude, none more so than people with neurocognitive diseaase, such as dementia. This lack of social touch impacted people in ways we are begininng to understand. Sarah Jane Palmer discusses the science behind social touch, and the ways it affects our minds.
RESEARCH ROUNDUP
Authors: Harrison Karen
Published: February 2022

Karen Harrison Dening examines recently published research articles that are of interest to neuroscience nurses, highlighting key points to keep you up to date
Observed structured clinical examination as a means of assessing clinical skills competencies of ANPs
Authors: Lavery Joanna
Published: February 2022

Observed structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) are a common method of assessment within higher education to prepare for the advanced nurse practitioner (ANP) role. This article reviews a wide range of literature relating to OSCE assessment in the healthcare arena, from an ANP, interprofessional and advanced clinical practice perspective. Theories underpinning OSCE and advanced nursing roles are explored, with relevant supporting literature indicating how established OSCEs can become integrated with other methods to improve outcomes for this level of practice. Alternative assessments are explored with specific reference to the context of the education delivered, and the suitability for higher education today.
Facial ulcers in patients with COVID-19 admitted to ICU: review of the evidence
Authors: Madueño Jaime Moreno , Sayer Lynn
Published: February 2022

Objective:

Many patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care undergo prone positioning. These patients are at risk of developing facial pressure ulcers (PUs). This study aimed to identify evidence-based recommendations to prevent or reduce their incidence.

Method:

A multi-case study was undertaken using secondary data published between November 2020 and April 2021 discussing facial PUs in patients with COVID-19. CINAHL and MEDLINE electronic databases were analysed. Sixteen publications met the inclusion criteria. The overall quality of evidence was low.

Result:

Studies reported a high incidence of facial PUs. The evidence suggests key preventive areas are skin assessment, pressure-redistribution surfaces, eye coverings, education, medical devices and prophylactic dressings. Recommendations included skin cleaning and moisturising, eye coverings, replacing endotracheal tube holders and using hydrocolloid or film dressings.

Conclusion:

Considering the severe implications for patients and healthcare systems caused by facial PUs, ICUs should develop strategies to prevent and minimise them.
Care Quality Commission's latest insight report and its current regulatory approach
Authors: Halliwell Amanda
Published: February 2022

The latest of the Care Quality Commission's regular Insight reports reviews vacancies in care homes and the quality of the recording of ethnicity data and its impact. Amanda Halliwell investigates the themes and the latest update on how services can expect to be inspected.
Validation of the Short Form of My Class Inventory Within the Vietnamese Educational Context
Authors: Tran Van Dat
Published: March 2022

Recently, researchers have paid more attention to the aspects of classroom learning environments because of their effects on students’ cognitive and effective outcomes. However, current literature reveals the lack of research that explores the factors of classroom environments in Vietnamese context. The present study, therefore, aims to validate the psychometric properties of the 25-items version of the My Class Inventory (MCI), translated into Vietnamese for 487 secondary school students. Factorial analysis showed an acceptable fit for the four-factors structure of the MCI – cohesiveness, competitiveness, satisfaction, and friction – to be appropriate for secondary school students. Internal consistency reliabilities of the general scales and four subscales were satisfactory. Results support the suitability of the MCI to assess students’ classroom environment within Vietnam’s educational context. The study recommended, among other things, that future studies should be conducted to explore the validity of the MCI on other samples of Vietnamese secondary students.
The Impact of Evolutionary Education on Knowledge and Understanding the Evolution
Authors: Martincová Romana , Fančovičová Jana , Iľko Ivan , Peterková Viera
Published: March 2022

Evolution is one of the most difficult and controversial topics. Scientific knowledge of evolution should belong to general knowledge of people, it should be the part of their natural science knowledge or biological education because it is the basis for accepting or refusing of other important topics such as genetical modification, global climatic change and others. Our aim was to analyse the inclusion of evolution in the teaching process in Slovakia in the subjects of history and biology and the associated potential threats to the formation of misconceptions. We measured the level of knowledge and understanding of evolution and evolutionary processes among high school graduates (N = 200). In doing so, we hypothesized that graduating high school students who have received evolutionary education achieve higher levels of both knowledge and understanding of evolutionary processes compared to those who have not received such education. We hypothesized that interest in science and acceptance of evolution would also positively influence levels of knowledge about evolutionary phenomena and understanding of evolutionary processes. Having used research, we claimed the impact of interest in natural science. We suggest to include the evolution as a main topic of biology into education through exploration- oriented teaching.
Fabrication of MnO2 Nanoparticles from Simple Pyrolytic Method for Degradation of Methylene Blue Under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Mondal Sandip
Published: March 2022

α-MnO2 nanoparticle with semi-tubular morphology was prepared pyrolytically using [Mn(pyo)2(dca)2]n as a sole precursor at 700C in air for 2 h without applying any catalyst or template. This nanostructure was systematically characterized physically by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The prepared α-MnO2 displayed high photocatalytic activity toward decolorization of methylene blue (MB) dye under visible light irradiation in assistance with H2O2. The result obtained indicated that almost 84% colour removal occured within 2.40 h.
A Practical Approach for Solubility Enhancement of Albendazole
Authors: Joshi Shivam , Dubey Ishan , Bilaiya Akhilesh , Yadav Kunal , Dorwal Dhawal , Aditya Parashar Aditya Parashar
Published: March 2022

Albendazole is an anti-helmintic or anti-worm medication. Due to its water insolubility, it shows poor absorption in GIT as well as low bioavailability and produces poor therapeutic effect. In this study, various hydrotropic agents are used to enhance the solubility of Albendazole. Addition of 100mg of Albendazole to the 1M Solution of hydrotropic agent like Sodium benzoate, Sodium acetate, Sodium citrate, Sodium salicylate & urea separately and absorbance of each solution at wavelength 306nm was determined. Results shows an increment in solubility of Albendazole and also percentage drug release increased upto 19.8%, 25.9%, 26.5% 73.2%, 75.2%, 76.5% and 80.7% using 1M solution of Sodium benzoate 100ml, Sodium benzoate 50ml, Sodium benzoate +Urea (25ml+25ml), Sodium citrate 50ml, Sodium acetate 50ml, Urea 50ml and Sodium salicylate 50ml respectively. As sodium salicylate has an aromatic ring with an electron donating Hydroxyl group that lacks in other hydrotropic agent used, may be responsible for increase in solubility as well as drug release of Albendazole up to 80.7%.
The association between surgeon grade and risk of revision following total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Fowler Timothy J. , Aquilina Alex L. , Reed Mike R. , Blom Ashley W. , Sayers Adrian , Whitehouse Michael R.
Published: March 2022

Aims

Total hip arthroplasties (THAs) are performed by surgeons at various stages in training with varying levels of supervision, but we do not know if this is safe practice with comparable outcomes to consultant-performed THA. Our aim was to examine the association between surgeon grade, the senior supervision of trainees, and the risk of revision following THA.

Methods

We performed an observational study using National Joint Registry (NJR) data. We included adult patients who underwent primary THA for osteoarthritis, recorded in the NJR between 2003 and 2016. Exposures were operating surgeon grade (consultant or trainee) and whether or not trainees were directly supervised by a scrubbed consultant. Outcomes were all-cause revision and the indication for revision up to ten years. We used methods of survival analysis, adjusted for patient, operation, and healthcare setting factors.

Results

We included 603,474 THAs, of which 58,137 (9.6%) procedures were performed by a trainee. There was no association between surgeon grade and all-cause revision up to ten years (crude hazard ratio (HR) 1.00 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.94 to 1.07); p = 0.966), a finding which persisted with adjusted analysis. Fully adjusted analysis demonstrated an association between trainees operating without scrubbed consultant supervision and an increased risk of all-cause revision (HR 1.10 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.21); p = 0.045). There was an association between trainee-performed THA and revision for instability (HR 1.14 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.30); p = 0.039). However, this was not observed in adjusted models, or when trainees were supervised by a scrubbed consultant.

Conclusion

Within the current training system in England and Wales, appropriately supervised trainees achieve comparable THA survival to consultants. Trainees who are supervised by a scrubbed consultant achieve superior outcomes compared to trainees who are not supervised by a scrubbed consultant, particularly in terms of revision for instability. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(3):341–351.
Characteristics and outcomes of L-shaped and reverse L-shaped rotator cuff tears
Authors: Lee Kyung Jae , Kim Yong Tae , Choi Minseok , Kim Sae Hoon
Published: March 2022

Aims

The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics and outcomes of L-shaped and reverse L-shaped rotator cuff tears.

Methods

A total of 82 shoulders (81 patients) after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were retrospectively enrolled. The mean age of the patients was 62 years (SD 6), 33 shoulders (40.2%) were in male patients, and 57 shoulders (69.5%) were the right shoulder. Of these, 36 shoulders had an L-shaped tear (group L) and 46 had a reverse L-shaped tear (group RL). Both groups were compared regarding characteristics, pre- and postoperative pain, and functional outcomes. Muscle status was assessed by preoperative MRI, and re-tear rates by postoperative ultrasonography or MRI.

Results

Patients in group RL were significantly older than in group L (p = 0.008), and group RL was significantly associated with female sex (odds ratio 2.5 (95% confidence interval 1.03 to 6.32); p = 0.041). Mean postoperative pain visual analogue scale (VAS) score was significantly greater (group L = 0.8 (SD 1.5), group RL = 1.7 (SD 2.2); p = 0.033) and mean postoperative American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score was significantly lower in group RL than group L (group L = 91.4 (SD 13.1), group RL = 83.8 (SD 17.9); p = 0.028). However, postoperative mean VAS for pain and ASES score were not lower than the patient-acceptable symptom state scores. Mean retracted tear length was significantly larger in group L (group L = 24.6 mm (SD 6.5), group RL = 20.0 mm (SD 6.8); p = 0.003). Overall re-tear rate for 82 tears was 11.0% (nine shoulders), and re-tear rates in group L and RL were similar at 11.1% (four shoulders) and 10.9% (five shoulders), respectively (p = 1.000). No significant intergroup difference was found for fatty degeneration (FD) or muscle atrophy. Within group L, postoperative FD grades of supraspinatus and subscapularis worsened significantly (p = 0.034 and p = 0.008, respectively). Mean postoperative pain VAS (male = 1.2 (SD 1.8), female = 1.3 (SD 2.0)) and ASES scores (male = 88.7 (SD 15.5), female = 86.0 (SD 16.8)) were similar in male and female patients (p = 0.700 and p = 0.475, respectively). Regression analysis showed age was not a prognostic factor of postoperative pain VAS or ASES scores (p = 0.188 and p = 0.150, respectively).

Conclusion

Older age and female sex were associated with reverse L-shaped tears. Although the postoperative functional outcomes of patients with reverse L-shaped tears were satisfactory, the clinical scores were poorer than those of patients with L-shaped tears. Surgeons should be aware of the differences in clinical outcome between L-shaped and reverse L-shaped rotator cuff tears. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(3):394–400.
High-performance electro-optical switch using an anisotropic graphene-based one-dimensional photonic crystal
Authors: Tavana Shahab , Bahadori-Haghighi Shahram , Sheikhi Mohammad Hossein
Published: March 2022

A novel electro-optical switch is proposed and investigated using the transfer matrix method (TMM) and three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (3D FDTD) analysis at the near-infrared range. The structure is made of a defect at the middle of a one-dimensional photonic crystal. The defect consists of two anisotropic graphene (AG) sheets separated by a dielectric layer. As a result, a sharp transmission peak with a high quality factor of 5000 appears at the wavelength of 1552.4 nm where light is trapped by the defect. When an external voltage is applied across the AG sheets, their chemical potentials shift in such a way that the trapped photons are absorbed and the switch changes to ON state. According to the presented results, a high extinction ratio of 14.26 dB with a very low insertion loss of 0.18 dB are obtained. The required switching voltage and energy consumption are as low as 4.68 V and 226 fJ/bit, respectively. The 3 dB bandwidth is also calculated to be as high as 17.5 GHz, which makes our proposed switch promising for high speed optical systems.
Multi-channel optical sensing system with a BP-ANN for heavy metal detection
Authors: Tang Tingting , Liu Kunlin , Li Chaoyang , Xiao Jiaxin , Liang Xiao , Luo Li , Li Jie , Li Jun , Tang Yujie , He Ke
Published: March 2022

A multi-channel optical sensing system for heavy metal concentration detection is presented in this paper. The system utilizes a multi-channel optical path combined with a unique circuit design and BP neural network (BP-ANN) to perform the online analysis of multi-wavelength signals, achieving accurate concentration detection of a heavy metal solution. An array photodiode is used to detect the transmission light intensities at multiple wavelengths through the optical path of the system, which enables the collection of useful spectral information of the solution. The system uses a unique signal acquisition method to effectively improve the efficiency of both signal acquisition and operation. BP-ANN is applied to the online analysis of multi-channel information, which overcomes the influential issue of nonlinear effect on data detection, optimizes the anti-interference ability, and lowers the detection limit of the system. This system eliminates the necessary employment of the expensive and large spectrometers and therefore greatly reduces the instrument cost and occupying space. Additionally, the detection limit of the system is extended lower than that of the conventional spectrophotometer. Compared with the detection limits of heavy metal solution obtained by using a single characteristic light wavelength, the detection limits of Cd2+, Cu2+ and Cr6+ achieved through using multi-channel detection system can be reduced by 42.64%, 38.12%, and 20.62%, respectively, and these detection limits are found as 0.0041mg/L, 0.0091mg/L, and 0.0112mg/L, respectively.
Selective broadband absorption by mode splitting for radiative cooling
Authors: Matsumori Kishin , Fujimura Ryushi , Retsch Markus
Published: March 2022

A plasmonic-photonic structure based on colloidal lithography was designed for a scalable radiative cooling system and its absorption properties were theoretically investigated. The structure comprises a SiO2 core, which is on top of an Au reflector and partially covered by an indium tin oxide (ITO) shell. This simple and scalable structure possesses a strong selective absorption in the primary atmospheric transparency window (8–13 µm). The strong selective absorption is attributed to a mode splitting of the localized surface plasmon (LSP) of the ITO shell. To understand the mechanisms of the mode splitting, a quantitative analysis was conducted using a coupled-oscillator model and a coupled-dipole method. The analysis revealed that the mode splitting is induced by a strong coupling between the LSP of the ITO shell and a magnetic dipole Mie resonance of the SiO2 core.
Converting single photons from an InAs/GaAs quantum dot into the ultraviolet: preservation of second-order correlations
Authors: Hamer Anica , Fricker David , Hohn Marcel , Atkinson Paola , Lepsa Mihail , Linden Stefan , Vewinger Frank , Kardynal Beata , Stellmer Simon
Published: March 2022

Wavelength conversion at the single-photon level is required to forge a quantum network from distinct quantum devices. Such devices include solid-state emitters of single or entangled photons, as well as network nodes based on atoms or ions. Here we demonstrate the conversion of single photons emitted from a III–V semiconductor quantum dot at 853 nm via sum frequency conversion to the wavelength of the strong transition of Yb+ ions at 370 nm. We measure the second-order correlation function of both the unconverted and the converted photon and show that the single-photon character of the quantum dot emission is preserved during the conversion process.
240  Gb/s optical transmission based on an ultrafast silicon microring modulator
Authors: Zhang Yuguang , Zhang Hongguang , Zhang Junwen , Liu Jia , Wang Lei , Chen Daigao , Chi Nan , Xiao Xi , Yu Shaohua
Published: February 2022

An ultrafast microring modulator (MRM) is fabricated and presented with

V

π

·
L

of

0.825
  
V
·
cm

. A 240 Gb/s PAM-8 signal transmission over 2 km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) is experimentally demonstrated. PN junction doping concentration is optimized, and the overall performance of the MRM is improved. Optical peaking is introduced to further extend the EO bandwidth from 52 to 110 GHz by detuning the input wavelength. A titanium nitride heater with 0.1 nm/mW tuning efficiency is implemented above the MRM to adjust the resonant wavelength. High bit rate modulations based on the high-performance and compact MRM are carried out. By adopting off-line signal processing in the transmitter and receiver side, 120 Gb/s NRZ, 220 Gb/s PAM-4, and 240 Gb/s PAM-8 are measured with the back-to-back bit error ratio (BER) of

5.5
×

10

−
4

,

1.5
×

10

−
2

, and

1.4
×

10

−
2

, respectively. A BER with different received optical power and 2 km SSMF transmission is also investigated. The BER for 220 Gb/s PAM-4 and 240 Gb/s PAM-8 after 2 km SSMF transmission is calculated to be

1.7
×

10

−
2

and

1.5
×

10

−
2

, which meet with the threshold of soft-decision forward-error correction, respectively.
Terahertz topological photonic waveguide switch for on-chip communication
Authors: Liu Xudong , Huang Jialiang , Chen Hao , Qian Zhengfang , Ma Jingwen , Sun Xiankai , Fan Shuting , Sun Yiwen
Published: February 2022

Terahertz (THz) topological photonic structures are promising for last-centimeter communication in intra/interchip communication systems because they support bit-error-free THz signal transmission with topological robustness. Active and dynamically tunable THz topological photonic components have not yet been experimentally realized. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a THz topological switch (270–290 GHz) based on a valley Hall photonic crystal structured high-resistivity silicon substrate, in which the THz waves can be dynamically turned on/off by an external 447 nm continuous-wave laser. Our device exhibited an on/off ratio of 19 dB under a pumping light intensity of

240
  

mW
/
mm

2

. The 3 dB switching bandwidth was

∼
60
  
kHz

.
Arbitrary manipulations of focused higher-order Poincaré beams by a Fresnel zone metasurface with alternate binary geometric and propagation phases
Authors: Zeng Xiangyu , Zhang Yuqin , Gu Manna , Zhan Zijun , Zhang Ruirui , Zhang Yu , Sun Rui , He Changwei , Liu Chunxiang , Cheng Chuanfu
Published: February 2022

The manipulation of high-quality vector beams (VBs) with metasurfaces is an important topic and has potential for classical and quantum applications. In this paper, we propose a Fresnel zone (FZ) metasurface with metallic nanoslits arranged on FZs, which sets alternate binary geometric and propagation phases to cancel the incident spin component and focus the converted spin component (CSC). The rotation designs of nanoslits transform the incident polarization state on the conventional Poincaré sphere to VBs on the higher-order Poincaré (HOP) sphere. The two orbital angular momentum states of the CSCs were manipulated, and the focused HOP beams were generated. The experimental results demonstrate the broadband generation of arbitrarily focused HOP beams of high quality under the illumination of the red (632.8 nm), green (532 nm), and blue (473 nm) light. This work will be of significance for the applications of VBs in different areas, such as precision metrology, optical micromanipulation, and quantum information.
Anatomical connections among the depressor supercilii, levator labii superioris alaeque nasi, and inferior fibers of orbicularis oculi: Implications for variation in human facial expressions
Authors: Hur Mi-Sun , Lee Seunggyu , Jung Han-Sung , Schneider Richard A.
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to determine how the depressor supercilii (DS) connects to the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (LLSAN) and inferior fibers of the orbicularis oculi (OOc INF) in the human midface. While grimacing, contraction of the DS with fibers connecting to the LLSAN and OOc INF can assist in pulling the medial eyebrow downward more than when these connecting fibers are not present. Contraction of these distinct connecting fibers between the DS and the LLSAN can also slightly elevate the nasal ala and upper lip. The DS was examined in 44 specimens of embalmed adult Korean cadavers. We found that the DS connected to the LLSAN or the OOc INF by muscle fibers or thin aponeuroses in 33 (75.0%) of the 44 specimens. The DS was connected to both the LLSAN and OOc INF by muscle fibers or aponeuroses and had no connection to either in 5 (11.4%) and 11 (25.0%) specimens, respectively. The DS was connected to the LLSAN by the muscle fibers and thin aponeuroses in 6 (13.6%) and 4 (9.1%) specimens, respectively. The DS was connected to the OOc INF by the muscle fibers and thin aponeuroses in 5 (11.4%) and 23 (52.3%) specimens, respectively. Our findings regarding the anatomical connections of the glabellar region DS to the midface LLSAN and OOc INF provide insights on the dynamic balance between the brow depressors such as the DS and brow-elevating muscle and contribute to understanding the anatomical origins of individual variation in facial expressions. These results can also improve the safety, predictability, and aesthetics of treatments for the glabellar region with botulinum toxin type A and can be helpful when performing electromyography.
The interaction of dengue virus capsid protein with negatively charged interfaces drives the in vitro assembly of nucleocapsid-like particles
Authors: Mebus-Antunes Nathane C. , Ferreira Wellington S. , Barbosa Glauce M. , Neves-Martins Thais C. , Weissmuller Gilberto , Almeida Fabio C. L. , Da Poian Andrea T.
Published: March 2022

Dengue virus (DENV) causes a major arthropod-borne viral disease, with 2.5 billion people living in risk areas. DENV consists in a 50 nm-diameter enveloped particle in which the surface proteins are arranged with icosahedral symmetry, while information about nucleocapsid (NC) structural organization is lacking. DENV NC is composed of the viral genome, a positive-sense single-stranded RNA, packaged by the capsid (C) protein. Here, we established the conditions for a reproducible in vitro assembly of DENV nucleocapsid-like particles (NCLPs) using recombinant DENVC. We analyzed NCLP formation in the absence or presence of oligonucleotides in solution using small angle X-ray scattering, Rayleigh light scattering as well as fluorescence anisotropy, and characterized particle structural properties using atomic force and transmission electron microscopy imaging. The experiments in solution comparing 2-, 5- and 25-mer oligonucleotides established that 2-mer is too small and 5-mer is sufficient for the formation of NCLPs. The assembly process was concentration-dependent and showed a saturation profile, with a stoichiometry of 1:1 (DENVC:oligonucleotide) molar ratio, suggesting an equilibrium involving DENVC dimer and an organized structure compatible with NCLPs. Imaging methods proved that the decrease in concentration to sub-nanomolar concentrations of DENVC allows the formation of regular spherical NCLPs after protein deposition on mica or carbon surfaces, in the presence as well as in the absence of oligonucleotides, in this latter case being surface driven. Altogether, the results suggest that in vitro assembly of DENV NCLPs depends on DENVC charge neutralization, which must be a very coordinated process to avoid unspecific aggregation. Our hypothesis is that a specific highly positive spot in DENVC α4-α4’ is the main DENVC-RNA binding site, which is required to be firstly neutralized to allow NC formation.
Trophoblast inclusions and adverse birth outcomes
Authors: Firestein Morgan R. , Kliman Harvey J. , Sania Ayesha , Brink Lucy T. , Holzer Parker H. , Hofmann Katherine M. , Milano Kristin M. , Pini Nicolò , Shuffrey Lauren C. , Odendaal Hein J. , Fifer William P.
Published: March 2022

Objective

Trophoblast inclusions—cross sections of abnormal trophoblast bilayer infoldings—have previously been associated with aneuploidy, placenta accreta, and prematurity. This study was conducted to establish the relationship between trophoblast inclusions and a range of placental, pregnancy, and birth outcomes in a patient population with high smoking and alcohol exposure. Specifically, we sought to evaluate the association between the presence of trophoblast inclusions and 1) three primary birth outcomes: full-term birth, preterm birth, and stillbirth; 2) gestational age at delivery; and 3) specific placental pathologies.

Methods

Two slides containing chorionic villi were evaluated from 589 placentas that were collected from Stellenbosch University in Cape Town, South Africa as part of the prospective, multicenter cohort Safe Passage Study of the Prenatal Alcohol and SIDS and Stillbirth Network. The subsample included 307 full-term live births, 212 preterm live births, and 70 stillbirths.

Results

We found that the odds of identifying at least one trophoblast inclusion across two slides of chorionic villi was significantly higher for placentas from preterm compared to term liveborn deliveries (OR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.22, 2.49, p = 0.002), with an even greater odds ratio for placentas from stillborn compared to term liveborn deliveries (OR = 4.95; 95% CI: 2.78, 8.80, p < 0.001). Gestational age at delivery was inversely associated with trophoblast inclusion frequency. Trophoblast inclusions were significantly associated with small for gestational age birthweight, induction of labor, villous edema, placental infarction, and inflammation of the chorionic plate.

Conclusions

The novel associations that we report warrant further investigation in order to understand the complex network of biological mechanisms through which the factors that lead to trophoblast inclusions may influence or reflect the trajectory and health of a pregnancy. Ultimately, this line of research may provide critical insights that could inform both clinical and research applications.
Reducing environmental impacts of marine biotoxin monitoring: A laboratory report
Authors: Kilcoyne Jane , Bogan Yvonne , Duffy Conor , Hollowell Toni
Published: March 2022

Laboratories globally contribute significantly to consumption of resources, greenhouse gas emissions, and generation of waste. Shellfish destined for human consumption are required to be tested for the presence of regulated marine biotoxins, that can be harmful to human health. Whilst running the national monitoring program for the detection of biotoxins in shellfish, efforts were made to increase resource efficiencies by reducing waste and energy consumption leading to reduced environmental and financial costs. Methods were verified to allow transitions to more sustainable and environmentally-friendly consumables, replacing plastics with paperboard and glass alternatives, leading to a reduction in the consumption of single-use plastics by 69%. A shift to polystyrene recycling and composting non-toxic shellfish waste led to an overall reduction in non-chemical waste of >95%. Adoption of green analytical chemistry principles to procurement and preparation of chemical solutions led to a reduction in hazardous chemical waste by ~23%. A further reduction in printing (~81%) was achieved by transitioning to digital document control. Strategies to reduce energy consumption through ‘switch off’ campaigns and improved fume hood and cold storage equipment management were also implemented. Fume hood and cold storage equipment energy consumption was reduced by 30%. The strategies implemented could be adopted by other laboratories e.g., monitoring and research laboratories dealing with pharmaceutical, biological, and environmental samples.
Human ecologies and conscious evolution1
Authors: Moradian Ann Lenore
Published: March 2022

Human patterns of living are changing our environment faster than species and their ecosystems are able to adapt. In spite of our intelligence, knowledge, skills and technologies, we seem unable to change our behaviour and manner of living quickly enough to arrest the damage we are inflicting on our environment, other species, one another and on ourselves. Because human technologies are already being used to manipulate ourselves and our world in ways that alter our evolutionary path, the claim here is that conscious participation in our evolution as a species is urgently called for. Because mindful movement integrates cognition and consciousness (as defined by Maturana and Varela) and enhances cognitive functioning and awareness, the contributions of mindful movement experts and practitioners are critical to this project. The author claims that evolving our consciousness so that we can consciously evolve is the most critical challenge of our times.
The ecological imperative and function of dance: A literature review
Authors: Laidlaw Brittany
Published: March 2022

This article explores how dance is currently understood as a medium for reshaping our relationships to the more-than-human. It reviews literature across the field of dance and ecology to present keys clusters of understanding and pathways for future research. These areas include (1) body as place/Earth, advocating practices that work to re-embed our sense of self within wider ecologies, (2) embodying shared agency, which examines the agentic capacity of place and the radical displacement of human subjectivities, and (3) rhythms of co-becoming, which invites dancers to consciously participate in the co-creation of reality towards ecological balance. Key authors across these areas draw from theories in materiality, feminist theory, phenomenology, object-oriented ontology, ecosophy/deep ecology and somatic ecology to demonstrate the necessary inclusion of dance in strategies for ecological renewal. Overall, these areas contribute to a bold vision for dance in catalysing more embodied ethical relationships with the living ecologies we belong to. This review also importantly reinstates the body as a site of evolutionary intelligence that can guide us towards necessary shifts in relational ontologies for our collective survival.
Embodying nature: Discovering eco-consciousness through sensate experience
Authors: McHugh Jamie
Published: March 2022

Eco-consciousness has its foundation in an active relationship between the individual soma and the larger body of the natural world. Embedded within this relationship is our innate sensorimotor intelligence and our natural instinct as children to spontaneously play as living, sensing, expressive bodies coming to know ourselves and our environment. In this practice reflection, I delineate a map and a process with sample activities for embodied creative engagement to cultivate our capacity to witness, contact, mirror, respond and rest in partnership with the living planet. This approach – ‘embodying nature’ – is highly adaptable for various ages and degrees of experience, inviting participation at any level and in whatever natural environment is available.
Using mask to explore earlier evolutionary states of sensory awareness, and their role in our inter-relationship with the natural world
Authors: Wright Vicky
Published: March 2022

This article summarizes the findings of the Evolution Project, a series of workshops using the masks of past species to study our human evolution from fish to human. It shares insights on the patterns of movement, body relationships and somatic experiences at key stages through evolution. Experience of the underlying sensory states from earlier times in evolution prompts an exploration of nature connection practices. I identify key principles for these physical practices and discuss their role in our perception of, and interconnection with, the natural world.
Taos conversation
Authors: Pallant Cheryl
Published: March 2022

The United States has a long, shameful history of destroying the culture of its Indigenous people. This poetic reflection narrates an experience of mine at the ancient site of the Taos Pueblo in New Mexico. This UNESCO World Heritage Site, open to visitors and closed during sacred ceremonies, provoked a somatic shift in me. I chose to write about the shift using the intimacy of poetic language to blur the boundary between self and environment, human body and Earth body, subject and object. For there to be a change in how humans regard the environment, it seems helpful to hike into the wilderness and sleep under the stars, an embodied experience that can heighten perceptions, which then informs the language used to write about the natural world.
Current status and advances of fish vaccines in Malaysia
Authors: Ridzuan Mohd Syafiq Mohammad , Abdullah Azila , Ramly Rimatulhana , Mansor Nur Nazifah , Ramli Norazsida , Firdaus-Nawi Mohd.
Published: February 2022

Fish diseases have a significant negative influence on the Malaysian aquaculture industry. Since the 1980s, the sector has grown in size, which has resulted in a rise in the prevalence of infectious outbreaks affecting both freshwater and marine cultured fish species. Demand for commercially available fish vaccinations is predicted to increase as infectious disease outbreaks continue to occur. In Malaysia, aquaculture vaccine research and development (R&D) are still in its infancy, with most efforts concentrating on producing vaccines against bacterial infections, most notably streptococcosis, vibriosis, and motile Aeromonas septicemia. Despite several attempts, no homegrown vaccine has been effectively introduced into the manufacturing pipeline to date. At the moment, only three imported aquatic vaccines have received full permission, a far cry from the 314 and 60 vaccines licensed in the poultry and porcine industries, respectively. This review will describe recent findings regarding the development of aquaculture vaccines for certain fish species and diseases in Malaysia. In our opinion, R&D on fish vaccines is critical to the aquaculture industry's viability.
Estresse Ocupacional de Cirurgiões-Dentistas que exercem Docência em uma Faculdade Privada / Occupational Stress in Dentists exercising Teaching in a Private College
Authors: Chaves Raíssa Santos , Pinheiro Cláudia De Jesus , Mania Taiomara Vieira
Published: March 2022

Este estudo objetivou avaliar a prevalência do estresse e da Síndrome de Burnout (SB) e fatores associados entre cirurgiões-dentistas exercendo a docência em uma faculdade privada. Nesta pesquisa de campo, observacional e analítica, transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, foram entrevistados todos os 43 cirurgiões-dentistas docentes, utilizando um questionário autoaplicável envolvendo questões biodemográficas e profissionais e os Inventários de Lipp (ISSL) e Burnout Maslach – General Survey. Obtiveram-se 40 questionários respondidos válidos. A maioria dos docentes sentia-se sobrecarregada (67,5%), estressada (72,5%) e esgotada (57,5%). O estresse foi confirmado pelo ISSL em 40,0% dos participantes, sendo a fase de resistência predominante (35,0%). A SB não foi identificada. Os principais fatores estressantes foram o trabalho extra sala de aula e questões relacionadas aos discentes. Conclui-se que o estresse, na fase de resistência, esteve presente no exercício docente de cirurgiões-dentistas, associado ao sexo feminino e à autopercepção de estresse, sobrecarga e esgotamento. Abtract: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of stress and Burnout Syndrome (BS) and associated factors among dentists teaching at a private college. In this field research, observational and analytical, cross-sectional, with a quantitative approach, all 43 teaching dentists were interviewed, using a self-administered questionnaire involving biodemographic and professional issues and the Lipp Inventory (ISSL) and Burnout Maslach – General Survey. There were obtained 40 valid answered questionnaires. Most professors felt overwhelmed (67.5%), stressed (72.5%) and exhausted (57.5%). Stress was confirmed by ISSL in 40.0% of the participants, being the predominant resistance phase (35.0%). SB has not been identified. The main stressing factors were work outside classroom and issues related to students. It is concluded that stress, in the resistance phase, was present in the teaching practice of dentists, associated with the female gender and with self-perception of stress, overload and exhaustion.
Interfaces entre Psicanálise e Teorias Queer: Análise Documental da Autobiografia de um Sujeito Transexual / Interfaces between Psychoanalysis and Queer Theories: Documentary Analysis of the Autobiography of a Transsexual Subject
Authors: Gonçalves Ana Geiciane , Viana Beatriz Alves , Araújo Ana Ramyres Andrade de , Nunes Henrique Riedel , Farias Isabela Cedro
Published: March 2022

A Associação de Travestis e Transexuais (ANTRA) indica que no Brasil há o maior número de mortes de pessoas transexuais, demonstrando que tal violência tem se agravado a cada ano e confirmando a necessidade de discussões com intuito de desconstruir os preconceitos em relação à transexualidade. Este artigo discute a transexualidade a partir da teoria psicanalítica e das teorias queer. Foi realizada uma análise documental da autobiografia do artista transexual Tarso Brant. Observou-se um diálogo profícuo entre os estudos queer e as produções psicanalíticas, principalmente nos debates sobre gênero e sexualidade na cultura. Esses aspectos permitiram aprofundarmos a noção de transexualidade e de gênero. Sustenta-se que a complexidade proveniente da história de Tarso abre possibilidades para a compreensão da vivência transexual, tendo em vista a aposta em dar visibilidade ao lugar de fala desse sujeito por meio de suas narrativas autobiográficas, o que aponta para o posicionamento político deste artigo. Abstract: The Association of Transvestites and Transsexuals (ANTRA) indicates that in Brazil there is the highest number of deaths of transsexual people, demonstrating that such violence is worsening and confirms the need each year in order to deconstruct prejudices in relation to transsexuality . This article discusses transsexuality from the point of view of psychoanalytic theory and queer theories. A documentary analysis of the autobiography of the transsexual artist Tarso Brant was carried out. A fruitful dialogue was observed between queer studies and psychoanalytic productions, especially in debates about gender and sexuality in culture. These aspects will make it possible to deepen the notion of transsexuality and gender. It is argued that the complexity of Tarso's story opens up possibilities for understanding the transsexual experience, in view of the bet on giving visibility to this subject's place of speech through his autobiographical narratives, which points to the political position of this article .Keywords: Transsexuality; Psychoanalysis; Gender; Queer Theory.
Estimating Rheological Properties of Suspensions Formed of Arbitrarily-Shaped Particles via CFD-Dem
Authors: Kotouč Šourek Martin , Isoz Martin
Published: March 2022

In recent years, new methods combining computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) have been intensively studied. Usually, these methods are focused on simulations of spherical particles. Nevertheless, this is inadequate for a simulation of a common suspension, the rheology of which is affected by particle shapes. In this work, we leverage the capabilities of an in-house developed CFD-DEM solver to simulate suspensions formed of arbitrarily-shaped particles. Specifically, we simulate a rheological measurement to estimate the suspension viscosity. The CFD-DEM estimates are in very good agreement with available experimental data and correlations proving the new solver capabilities regarding firstprinciples-based simulations of complex non-Newtonian suspension behaviour. The practical potential of suspension simulation is illustrated in a numerical study of the washcoating process in the preparation of a catalytic filter for automotive exhaust gas after-treatment.
Shifted Proper Orthogonal Decomposition and Artificial Neural Networks for Time-Continuous Reduced Order Models of Transport-Dominated Systems
Authors: Kovárnová Anna , Krah Philipp , Reiss Julius , Isoz Martin
Published: March 2022

Transport-dominated systems are pervasive in both industrial and scientific applications. However, they provide a challenge for common mode-based model order reduction (MOR) approaches, as they often require a large number of linear modes to obtain a sufficiently accurate reduced order model (ROM). In this work, we utilize the shifted proper orthogonal decomposition (sPOD), a methodology tailored for MOR of transport-dominated systems, and combine it with an interpolation based on artificial neural networks (ANN) to obtain a time-continuous ROM usable in engineering practice. The resulting MOR framework is purely data-driven, i.e., it does not require any information on the full order model (FOM) structure, which extends its applicability. On the other hand, compared to the standard projection-based approaches to MOR, the dimensionality reduction utilizing sPOD and ANN is significantly more computationally expensive since it requires a solution of high-dimensional optimization problems.
Experimental Analysis of Treatment Performance by Optimization of Effective Parameters on Corrugated Plates Used in Treatment Systems
Authors: Oruç Mehmet , Yayla Sedat
Published: March 2022

Crude oil, which is brought to the surface from underground with high cost and loss of time, contains water, gas and some solids. The most widely used method for separating the crude oil brought to the earth from water is the separation method, which is one of the gravitational separation methods, using corrugated plates.In this study, 3 different Re numbers (3033.058, 4766.2345, 6499.411) of 1st Processed crude oil sample, the ratio of 3 different hole diameters of the corrugated plates to the plate width (0.018,0.021,0.024) and 3 different mounting angles (0, 25, 50 degrees) parameters were taken into consideration and the effect of the relevant parameters on the separation efficiency was investigated. In order to reduce the number of experiments and save on cost and experiment time, without affecting the probability of finding the highest value of the separation efficiency, the Response Surface Method (RSM) was optimized with the Box-Behnken method and relevant trial designs were created.In line with these experimental designs, the relevant experiments were carried out in duplicate.
Numerical Assessment of Stratification Influence in Simple Algebraic Turbulence Model
Authors: Uhlíř V. , Bodnár T. , Caggio M.
Published: March 2022

This paper presents rst few results obtained using a newly developed test code aimed at validation and cross-comparison of turbulence models to be applied in environmental flows. A simple code based on nite di erence discretization is constructed to solve steady flows of incompresible non-homogeneous (variable denstity) fluids. For the rst tests a simple algebraic turbulence model was implemented, containing stability function depending on the stratification via the gradient Richardson number. Numerical tests were performed in order to explore the capabilities of the new code and to get some insight into its behavior under di erent stratification. The two-dimensional simulations were performed using immersed boundary method for the flow over low smooth hill. The resulting flow fields are compared for selected Richarson numbers ranging from stable up to unstable strati cation conditions.
Ästhetische Geschichtserkenntnis
Authors: Bartoniczek Andre
Published: March 2022

Mit seinen preisgekrönten Filmen dringt Andres Veiel immer wieder zu den Hintergründen deutscher Geschichte vor. Kennzeichnend für seinen Ansatz sind die ästhetischen Verfahrensweisen, durch die er einen originären Beitrag in der langen Tradition der Auseinandersetzung zwischen wissenschaftlicher und künstlerischer Aneignung von Geschichte leistet. Andre Bartoniczek arbeitet die Signaturen dieser Tradition auf, zeichnet die Entwicklung des Dokumentarfilms nach und liefert als erste umfangreiche Untersuchung Veiels geschichtlicher Filme eine Werkanalyse, die letztlich der Frage nachgeht: Was ist und wie gelingt historische Erinnerung? Dabei kommt auch der Filmemacher selbst zu Wort.
Combined Effect of Carding Machine Process Parameters on Yarn Properties; Process Optimization
Authors: Teklehaimanot Mebrahtom , Fisseha Kiday , Ayele Million
Published: February 2022

Yarn tensile properties, unevenness, and irregularities are the most important properties of the yarn quality parameters that determine the fabric’s mechanical properties and appearance. In the current study, the combined effect of carding machine parameters (cylinder speed, flat speed, cylinder to flat setting, and taker-in speed) on yarn properties (yarn strength, elongation, unevenness, and total yarn imperfection) have been examined. In this research, 40 samples of open-end yarn were produced and each of them was tested for their strength, elongation, unevenness, and imperfection. Design-expert 7.0.0 software and Factorial designing have been employed to analyze the results. The results from statistical analysis have showed that increasing the gap between the cylinder and flat setting and increasing the taker-in speed increased yarn unevenness and increasing cylinder speed, flat speed, and taker-in speed increased total yarn imperfection significantly. Similarly, increasing the flat speed, cylinder speed, and taker-in speed as well as increasing the gap between the cylinder and flat reduced yarn strength and elongation significantly.