bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Programa Aluno Nota 10: avaliação, prestação de contas e responsabilização no município de Tenente Ananias-RN
Authors: Almeida Larissa da Conceição Gomes de , Silva Antônia Bruna
Published: May 2024

O presente manuscrito analisa o Programa Aluno Nota 10 como política de accountability educacional desenvolvida e implementada pelo município de Tenente Ananias - Rio Grande do Norte. Para a coleta de dados, recorreu-se à pesquisa documental e à entrevista semiestruturada aplicada a um membro da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Tenente Ananias. Os resultados do estudo demonstram que o referido município tem lançado mão de mecanismos de avaliação, prestação de contas e responsabilização, de forma integrada, constituindo uma política de accountability forte voltada ao ensino fundamental e orientada à produção de determinados resultados educacionais, que a articulam à política educacional brasileira. O Programa Aluno Nota 10 se apresenta como uma política controversa, haja vista seu caráter meritocrático, estando pautado na promoção da competição como subterfúgio para a elevação do desempenho acadêmico dos estudantes. Para tal, o município em questão tem feito uso da avaliação (sob uma perspectiva somativa, excludente e classificatória), da exposição pública e de recursos públicos destinados ao campo educacional.
Programas e recursos para a Educação Especial: evolução na legislação brasileira e ambiguidades no Estado de Goiás
Authors: Vaz Duelci Aparecido de Freitas , Gontijo Maria Aparecida , Mesquita Maria Cristina das Graças Dutra
Published: May 2024

O estudo apresenta uma síntese da evolução da legislação brasileira para a Educação Especial nas escolas públicas, evidenciando a existência de programas e recursos importantes para esta modalidade transversal com foco em estudantes com deficiências, transtornos globais de desenvolvimento e altas habilidades ou superdotação. Porém, a análise de uma lei recente no Estado de Goiás evidenciou a tentativa de reduzir o apoio especial a uma função administrativa, relativizando ações de magistério especializado. Considerando as dinâmicas excludentes, que caracterizam a sociedade brasileira, identificou-se a invisibilidade na legislação de demandas, que – embora não sejam classificadas como deficiências - necessitam de um atendimento diferenciado para o efetivo exercício da cidadania.
Programas de combate ao abandono escolar no Paraná: reflexões e compreensões a partir de um estudo em uma instituição do Estado do Paraná
Authors: Rolkouski Emerson , Menegusso Leticia
Published: May 2024

O problema do abandono escolar é latente na realidade brasileira e, por isso, diversos trabalhos têm sido feitos para a ampliação da compreensão desse fenômeno. Este artigo se insere nesse movimento, focando políticas públicas de combate ao abandono escolar. Tem-se como objetivo tecer compreensões sobre os programas lançados pelo Governo do Estado do Paraná – o Programa de Combate ao Abandono Escolar na sua segunda edição (2018) e o Programa Presente na Escola (2019). O lócus da pesquisa foi um colégio do setor da Cidade Industrial de Curitiba (CIC). Para tanto, aportes do método do Ciclo de Políticas Educacionais foram mobilizados. Foram utilizados como dados documentos oficiais e entrevistas com a diretora e um professor do colégio lócus da pesquisa e um gestor da Secretaria Estadual de Educação do Estado do Paraná (SEED-PR). Aponta-se como resultado a necessidade de diálogo com a comunidade envolvida na construção dos programas que podem auxiliar na elaboração de políticas públicas mais adequadas às diferentes realidades escolares brasileiras.
Quelle prise en compte du genre dans la communication publique ?
Authors: Roginsky Sandrine
Published: May 2024

Par le prisme du genre, il est possible d’explorer les pratiques professionnelles en communication publique. Ainsi les modalités d’exploration, d’appréhension et de représentation des publics par les communicateurs et communicatrices pour élaborer leurs actions de communication sont déterminantes dans la prise en compte du genre. Comme les publics sont figurés au moyen de techniques gestionnaires qui isolent l’individu de son contexte social et ne mobilisent pas d’autres types d’aptitudes pour appréhender la complexité sociale dans le travail de représentation des publics, la question de la prise en compte du genre dans la communication est abordée sous un angle essentiellement technique. Ce faisant, le genre est vidé de sa dimension heuristique mais également contestataire pour être mobilisé comme critère de catégorisation qui se substitue à la catégorie « femmes » sans prise en compte des rapports de force et, par ricochet, sans capacité d’identifier les stéréotypes de genre.
professionnalisation : un aiguillon pour l’auteur de ressources pédagogiques.
Authors: Guillon Olivia
Published: May 2024

En se concentrant sur l’exigence de professionnalisation en BUT et la place qu’y occupent les compétences communicationnelles, cet article interroge les éventuels repositionnements de modèles économiques de l’offre de ressources. Il vise plus spécifiquement à appréhender le travail des auteurs et sa valorisation comme des révélateurs des tension dans les stratégies des offreurs de ressources en IUT. Cette analyse socio-économique s’appuie du point de vue empirique sur une pluralité de données collectées entre 2019 et 2021 : entretiens auprès d’enseignants de BUT, d’auteurs de manuels, de responsables éditoriaux, newsletters et sites web des éditeurs et de certains auteurs, sites compagnons, programmes des DUT et BUT de l’ensemble des filières et aboutit à plusieurs résultats. Premièrement, les modèles économiques de l’édition de ressources reflètent un isomorphisme institutionnel : les structures organisationnelles et les jeux des acteurs sont plus influencés par le champ institutionnel et la recherche de légitimation que par la quête d’un fonctionnement efficient. Les auteurs semblent ensuite avoir un rapport ambivalent avec l’exigence de professionnalisation, que le circuit éditorial et le rôle traditionnel de l’auteur rendent difficile à satisfaire. Enfin, la place du numériques dans l’offre est un marqueur important de l’évolution (ou de la non-évolution) des modèles économiques.
Usage d’une ressource pédagogique pour valoriser ses compétences et professionnaliser ses expériences : le cas du ePortfolio
Authors: Szafrajzen Barbara
Published: May 2024

Tous les I.U.T. de France ont accueilli en 2021 leur première promotion du Bachelor universitaire de Technologie (B.U.T.). Les étudiants intègrent désormais un parcours en trois ans avec une spécialisation en troisième année, représentant l’adaptation locale de la formation.L’accent est mis avant tout sur une pédagogie construite par approche par compé­tences, favorisant ainsi les mises en situation professionnelles. De fait, différentes ressources pédagogiques sont désormais imposées aux étudiants pour valoriser leurs compétences et professionnaliser leurs expériences. Le ePortfolio en est l’exemple même.Pourtant, il est étudié depuis plusieurs années dans certaines formations. Alors, le ePortfolio peut-il ou doit-il être considéré comme un objet innovant ou une « inno­vation pédagogique » (Lemaître, 2018) ? Car c’est bien d’une injonction constante à l’innovation dont il est question pour ces étudiants issus de la génération des « digital natives » (Prensky, 2001) et baignés dans une « culture numérique comme enjeu d’une société du savoir » (Proulx, 2002).Le présent article s’appuie sur une enquête qualitative menée auprès d’un échantillon d’étudiants de spécialité Informatique. L’étude à visée exploratoire démontre que le ePortfolio peut être utilisé comme une ressource pédagogique décloisonnant les différentes disciplines et conduisant l’étudiant à construire sa pensée en inter, trans et pluridisciplinarité.
Professionnalisation et processus réflexif dans le nouveau diplôme proposé par les IUT : le Bachelor Universitaire de Technologie.
Authors: Bolou-Chiaravalli Christine , Bournel-Bosson Maryse , Lasne Annie
Published: May 2024

Depuis 2019, les enseignants des Instituts Universitaires de Technologie (IUT) doivent concevoir et mettre en œuvre un nouveau diplôme, le Bachelor Universitaire de Technologie (BUT) structuré autour de l’Approche par Compétences (APC). Il s’agit d’organiser la formation pour que les étudiants, en articulation avec les enseignements, développent leurs compétences dans l’action, grâce à leur immersion dans des Situations d’Apprentissage et d’Évaluation (SAÉ). La production de « traces » ponctue les différentes étapes de ces situations, traces qui trouvent une place et une cohérence au niveau de la démarche du portfolio. Ces nouvelles pratiques pédagogiques prennent majoritairement appui sur un processus réflexif qui doit permettre aux étudiants de devenir peu à peu acteurs de leur formation. L’article vise, à travers l’étude de traces produites dans deux SAÉ relevant de spécialités différentes, à identifier quels sont les déterminants de ce processus et ses enjeux pour des apprenants en formation initiale.
professionnalisation des pratiques de commentaires numériques
Authors: Laurence Leveneur , Pélissier Daniel
Published: May 2024

Parmi les nouvelles données sur lesquelles travaillent les chercheurs figurent les commentaires numériques. Quelles qu'en soient les formes (visuelles, sonores ou textuelles), ces traces sont l'objet de nombreuses analyses dans différents champs disciplinaires. Commenter une information, un produit, un programme, est aujourd’hui une activité qui s’est largement intensifiée sur internet et la gestion des commentaires est devenue une préoccupation majeure pour nombre d’organisations, publiques ou privées, et ce, quel que soit le secteur économique concerné. Ce numéro souhaite explorer la professionnalisation des pratiques autour des commentaires numériques de l’organisation dans leur variété, leur complexité, d’une part en proposant une vision du commentaire compréhensive et profonde, et d’autre part en mettant en exergue les différents aspects de leur prise en charge par les community managers/social media managers et autres chargés de réseaux socionumériques.
Acute Transient Contrast-Induced Neurologic Deficit as a Complication of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Barrera Nelson , Jou Katerina , Gallegos-Koyner Francisco J. , Chamay Salomon , Garcia Mario J. , Cerrud-Rodriguez Roberto
Published: May 2024

Acute transient contrast-induced neurologic deficit is an uncommon condition triggered by the administration of intra-arterial contrast during angiography. It can present with encephalopathy, cortical blindness, seizures, or focal deficits. This report describes a patient who presented with severe neurologic deficits after percutaneous coronary intervention, with complete symptom resolution within 72 hours.
Etappen auf dem Weg zum neuen Staatsarchiv des Kantons St.Gallen
Authors: Brändle Judith , Gemperli Stefan
Published: May 2024

Seit vielen Jahren machen unzureichende räumliche und infrastrukturelle Bedingungen dem Staatsarchiv des Kantons St.Gallen zu schaffen. Nach einem mehrjährigen verwaltungs- und behördeninternen Prozess nahm eine sorgfältig ausgearbeitete Bauvorlage erfolgreich die parlamentarische Hürde und gewann anschließend die obligatorische kantonale Volksabstimmung. Damit wurde der Weg frei für ein Wettbewerbsverfahren, aus dem jüngst das Siegerprojekt eines Archivbaus samt unterirdischen Magazinen hervorging, das in den kommenden Jahren realisiert werden wird.
Limiting behavior of quasilinear wave equations with fractional-type dissipation
Authors: Kaltenbacher Barbara , Meliani Mostafa , Nikolić Vanja
Published: May 2024

In this work, we investigate a class of quasilinear wave equations of Westervelt type with, in general, nonlocal-in-time dissipation. They arise as models of nonlinear sound propagation through complex media with anomalous diffusion of Gurtin–Pipkin type. Aiming at minimal assumptions on the involved memory kernels – which we allow to be weakly singular – we prove the well-posedness of such wave equations in a general theoretical framework. In particular, the Abel fractional kernels, as well as Mittag-Leffler-type kernels, are covered by our results. The analysis is carried out uniformly with respect to the small involved parameter on which the kernels depend and which can be physically interpreted as the sound diffusivity or the thermal relaxation time. We then analyze the behavior of solutions as this parameter vanishes, and in this way relate the equations to their limiting counterparts. To establish the limiting problems, we distinguish among different classes of kernels and analyze and discuss all ensuing cases.
Verbal engagement strategies in Iranian Teachers’ talk: Instagram teaching context
Authors: Weisi Hiwa , Zandi Maryam
Published: May 2024

This study explores the verbal engagement strategies that EFL instructors adopt when teaching English over Instagram. These instructors create videos where they teach English and share them on Instagram. Twenty-five highly engaging English teaching videos on Instagram were used as the data of this study. To discover the engagement strategies that the instructors used, a combination of Hyland’s Engagement Model and Martin and White’s Appraisal Model, was applied to the teachers’ talk. The results indicated a slight difference in the frequency of engagement resources between the two models. Moreover, the results related to Hyland’s framework revealed that listener pronouns (second person pronouns) had considerably higher frequency than other engagement devices in the instructors’ speech. Nevertheless, personal aside and appeals to shared knowledge were used to a limited extent. Regarding the model of Martin and White, the result indicated that the overall engagement resources of heterogloss were about twice those of the monogloss. Moreover, between two broad categories of heterogloss, the resources of the contract category were significantly more common than those of the expand category in the teachers’ talk. The findings of this study have fruitful pedagogical implications. As the results suggest, teachers can bring the learners to discourse using listener pronouns, and in this way increase learner engagement in lessons. Moreover, the heterogloss resources, specifically the contract ones, can assist teachers in engaging learners.
What does linguistic structure tell us about language ideologies?
Authors: Bunk Oliver
Published: May 2024

This paper examines how bilingual and monolingual German speakers’ language use reflects underlying linguistic ideologies. I present a corpus study on bilingual and monolingual German speakers, focusing on phonological, lexical, and discourse pragmatic features. The data suggest that bilingual speakers use more markers of formal language and fewer markers of informal language in formal communicative situations than monolingual speakers. I argue that this is due to monolingual ideologies and standard language ideologies, particularly influencing these formal settings in bilingual speakers. These ideological patterns may lead to linguistic pressure in bilingual speakers to align with the monolingual majority, a phenomenon related to majority language anxiety. Complementing the corpus analysis, semi-structured interviews with bilingual speakers provide personal insights, further illuminating how linguistic ideologies shape their linguistic choices and social experiences.
Academic register anxiety? – How language ideologies influence university students’ oral participation
Authors: Jahns Esther
Published: May 2024

This paper deals with the registers of spoken language in university classes, their prestige, and the language ideologies linked to them. I will show that, due to these ideologies, the academic registers can trigger strong emotions that hinder oral participation. Previous research on language anxiety has revealed that formal situations are an important trigger. Therefore, the academic context is an interesting research site for language or register anxiety, as it offers a range of highly formal communicative situations. Academic language can be conceptualized as a set of distinctive registers that must be acquired by students. However, it is seldom made explicit which linguistic competences are expected and that their acquisition is a process. This might trigger feelings of anxiety in the classroom, especially for students who perceive themselves as not mastering these registers or who have already experienced unbelonging or exclusion due to their linguistic repertoire. Based on qualitative interviews with students from a German university, I will show that proficiency in the academic registers is often perceived as competence and knowledge in the respective discipline. This ideology together with other factors can lead to less or no oral participation in class.
Whose language counts?
Authors: Truan Naomi
Published: May 2024

This position paper makes a critical intervention in one of the mostly salient sociolinguistic debates of the recent years, that of the integration of multilingual speakers in language ideological research. Although many scholars now recognize the need for decentering the ideal(ized) ‘monolingual native speakers’, they remain the default norm in language ideological research. Indeed, despite our efforts to dismantle our own language ideologies as linguists, the implicit focus on native speakers and monolinguals proceeds to the erasure or invisibilization (Irvine & Gal 2000) of multilinguals. Drawing on research on gender-inclusive language as well as my own empirical study on L2 speakers of German, I show why integrating a higher variety of language users is necessary—not only on ethical grounds, but also on theoretical ones. Altogether, this paper presents the challenges language ideological research still faces despite ongoing efforts to tackle multilingualism and offers possible solutions for language ideological research to become truly inclusive.
Preparation and characterization of composite-modified PA6 fiber for spectral heating and heat storage applications
Authors: Tao Yaoding , Zhang Shouyun , Xu Mei , Qin Yuyan , Gao Shang , Wang Tianrui , Li Kaili , Cheng Ruijia , Cao Zhen
Published: May 2024

Composite coating technology was used to prepare a modified polyamide 6 (PA6) polymer material masterbatch with low mutual interference and good spinnability using molybdenum oxide, tungsten trioxide, graphene oxide, etc., as modifiers. Experiment shows that using nanoscale composite-coated modified masterbatches capable of spectral heating and heat storage in the preparation of nylon 6 fiber, adding modified masterbatches with a mass ratio of 6% online, and controlling various process parameters can result in good functionality and usability as well as enable consistent production. Optimal production conditions are achieved by utilizing pre-dried PA6 chips with a moisture content of 420 ppm. The master batch is subjected to drying at a temperature of 95°C for 12 h. During this process, the master batch is introduced at an addition ratio of 6%. Subsequent spinning is conducted at a speed of 4,300 m·min−1 and a temperature of 255°C. Cooling is facilitated by air set at a temperature of 17°C, flowing at a speed of 0.45 m·min−1. In the production line, one roller operates without heating, while the second roller is maintained at a temperature range of 160°C. The stretching process is performed at a ratio of 1.3. To ensure proper lubrication, an oil rate of 1.3% is applied. These meticulously controlled process parameters collectively contribute to the most favorable production status.
D-dimer – a multifaceted molecule
Authors: Tayal Devika , Jain Prerna , Goswami Binita
Published: May 2024

D-dimer, a universally unique marker for fibrin degradation, is generated through the enzymatic interplay of thrombin, factor XIIIa, and plasmin. The emergence of D-dimer-containing fibrin molecules occurs in both intravascular and extravascular spaces during pivotal physiological processes like haemostasis, thrombosis, and tissue repair. Given the inherently physiological nature of fibrin formation and fibrinolysis, basal levels of D-dimer fragments are present in plasma. Beyond its role as a marker of routine physiological processes, aberrations in D-dimer levels are indicative of a spectrum of conditions, both non-pathological and pathological. The clinical utility of D-dimer has been firmly established, particularly in scenarios like venous thromboembolism (VTE), pulmonary embolism (PE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Additionally, recent applications have extended to assess the prognosis of COVID-19. While D-dimer is commonly associated with thrombotic conditions, its elevation is not confined to these conditions alone. Elevated D-dimer levels are observed across various diseases, where its significance extends beyond diagnostic indicators to prognostic implications.
Study on the mechanical properties and microstructure of recycled concrete reinforced with basalt fibers and nano-silica in early low-temperature environments
Authors: Yonggui Wang , Jiangjiang Wu , Juan Zhang
Published: May 2024

The effects of basalt fibers (BF) and nano-silica (NS) on the mechanical properties and microstructure of recycled concrete (RC) in early low-temperature environments were investigated by placing the BF and NS modified RC specimens in the environments of −20, −10, 0, and 25°C for curing for 6 h, followed by standardized maintenance. The damage morphology and mechanical properties of modified RC were analyzed in such environments. The formulae for the compressive strength of RC, which was affected by BF and NS, were fitted using statistical product and service solutions, and a micromorphological analysis of the modified RC was conducted using scanning electron microscope. The mechanical properties of RC decreased owing to the influence of early low temperatures, among which 0°C caused the largest damage crack and the most serious effects. In the early low-temperature environments, the physical properties of RC generally increased and then decreased with the increase in BF dosage; however, increasing NS dosages improved its mechanical properties. The composite doping of BF and NS was more obvious than the single doping of BF or NS to enhance the performance of RC, and the internal pore structure was considerably improved. The preferred doping amounts were 3 kg m−3 of BF and 2% NS.
Effect of hydroxy-terminated hyperbranched polymer coated separator on the lithium-ion battery performances
Authors: He Qingpeng , Ding Lei , Li Dandan , Zhang Yuanjie , Zhang Sihang
Published: May 2024

The hydrophobicity of polyolefin separators causes poor compatibility with the internal environment of lithium-ion batteries and thus elevates lithium-ion migration barriers. In this research, hydroxy-terminated hyperbranched polymer (HTHP) coated separators are fabricated successfully based on the simple and easy-on impregnation method. Abundant hydroxyl groups in HTHP reinforce separator electrolyte affinity, generating the much lower contact angle and higher electrolyte uptake. Accordingly, HTHP-coated separators show broader electrochemical window and superior ionic conductivity and Li+ transport number, which facilitate the Li+ migration within porous pathways and hence maximally weaken counteranions-induced polarizations. The lower interfacial resistances also guarantee the Li+ accelerated diffusion via the separator–electrodes interfaces. Therefore, batteries containing modified separators exhibit optimized C-rate capacity and cycling stability. However, immoderate HTHP coating blocks partial pores and thus restricts Li+ transference, which deteriorates C-rate capacity and cycling durability in turn. This separator modification scheme possesses advantages of simple preparation, environment-friendly, and low manufacturing cost, providing practical guidance for low-cost and high-performance separator manufacture.
Study of gamma, neutron, and proton interaction parameters of some immunotherapy drugs using EpiXs, NGCal, and PSTAR software
Authors: Hiremath Gangadharayya , Singh Vishwanath , Ayachit Narasimha , Badiger Nagappa
Published: May 2024

In proton therapy, the protons are used to destroy the cancer cells efficiently at the Bragg peak without much damage to normal cells. The protons can also produce neutrons, protons, and high-energy gamma rays through nuclear reactions with cancerous and healthy tissues as well as with beamline components. The effective observed dose in the therapy is enhanced due to the interaction of nuclear particles with cancerous tissues. Such nuclear particles can have several effects on drugs used in immunotherapy, such as immunotherapy in combination with proton therapy, which has been used to treat cancer. In the present investigations, the gamma, neutron, and protons interaction parameters of some immunotherapy drugs, such as dostarlimab, atezolizumab, ipilimumab, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab, are determined by using EpiXs, NGCal, and PSTAR software. It is found that the EBF and EABF for all selected immunotherapy drugs increase with increasing penetration depth, peaking at 100 keV. The peaking is more symmetric at a higher penetration depth of 40 mfp than at a lower one of 1 mfp. At lower energies of gamma photons, the EBF values increase exponentially, and at higher energies, they increase linearly with increasing penetration depth for all selected drugs. Mass attenuation factors are slightly higher for thermal neutrons than for fast neutrons for selected immunotherapeutic drugs, indicating that thermal neutrons more actively participate in these drugs than fast neutrons. The mass attenuation factor for both fast and thermal neutrons increases with increasing weight percentages of hydrogen and is found to be higher for thermal neutrons. This is the first study in the literature to investigate the radiation interaction parameters for immunotherapy drugs, and it is helpful in radiation therapy and dosimetry.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) Modulates Synaptic Plasticity in the Infralimbic Cortex via Trk-B Receptor Activation to Reduce Drug-Seeking in Male Rats
Authors: Driskill Christopher M. , Childs Jessica E. , Phensy Aarron J. , Rodriguez Sierra R. , OBrien John T. , Lindquist Kathy L. , Naderi Aurian , Bordieanu Bogdan , McGinty Jacqueline F. , Kroener Sven
Published: May 2024

Drugs of abuse cause changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and associated regions that impair inhibitory control over drug-seeking. Breaking the contingencies between drug-associated cues and the delivery of the reward during extinction learning reduces relapse. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has previously been shown to enhance extinction learning and reduce drug-seeking. Here we determined the effects of VNS-mediated release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on extinction and cue-induced reinstatement in male rats trained to self-administer cocaine. Pairing 10 d of extinction training with VNS facilitated extinction and reduced drug-seeking behavior during reinstatement. Rats that received a single extinction session with VNS showed elevated BDNF levels in the medial PFC as determined via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Systemic blockade of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptors during extinction, via the TrkB antagonist ANA-12, decreased the effects of VNS on extinction and reinstatement. Whole-cell recordings in brain slices showed that cocaine self-administration induced alterations in the ratio of AMPA and NMDA receptor-mediated currents in Layer 5 pyramidal neurons of the infralimbic cortex (IL). Pairing extinction with VNS reversed cocaine-induced changes in glutamatergic transmission by enhancing AMPAR currents, and this effect was blocked by ANA-12. Our study suggests that VNS consolidates the extinction of drug-seeking behavior by reversing drug-induced changes in synaptic AMPA receptors in the IL, and this effect is abolished by blocking TrkB receptors during extinction, highlighting a potential mechanism for the therapeutic effects of VNS in addiction.
Edge-Community Entropy Is a Novel Neural Correlate of Aging and Moderator of Fluid Cognition
Authors: Shankar Anita , Tanner Jacob C. , Mao Tianrui , Betzel Richard F. , Prakash Ruchika S.
Published: May 2024

Decreased neuronal specificity of the brain in response to cognitive demands (i.e., neural dedifferentiation) has been implicated in age-related cognitive decline. Investigations into functional connectivity analogs of these processes have focused primarily on measuring segregation of nonoverlapping networks at rest. Here, we used an edge-centric network approach to derive entropy, a measure of specialization, from spatially overlapping communities during cognitive task fMRI. Using Human Connectome Project Lifespan data (713 participants, 36100 years old, 55.7% female), we characterized a pattern of nodal despecialization differentially affecting the medial temporal lobe and limbic, visual, and subcortical systems. At the whole-brain level, global entropy moderated declines in fluid cognition across the lifespan and uniquely covaried with age when controlling for the network segregation metric modularity. Importantly, relationships between both metrics (entropy and modularity) and fluid cognition were age dependent, although entropy's relationship with cognition was specific to older adults. These results suggest entropy is a potentially important metric for examining how neurological processes in aging affect functional specialization at the nodal, network, and whole-brain level.
Neoliberalism, World-System Position, and Biodiversity Loss
Authors: Long Michael A. , Lynch Michael J. , Hossain Md Belal , Stretesky Paul B.
Published: May 2024

Several studies provide evidence that social, economic, political, and conservation-related factors impact cross-national biodiversity loss. One theoretical argument concerning biodiversity loss that has not been directly assessed involves the relationship between species loss and neoliberalism. Generally, neoliberalism promotes free markets. This has become a dominant philosophy across nations (though the strength of neoliberalism varies cross-nationally) and affects how nations interact with one another as resource users and providers. Given how neoliberal policies work to integrate nations into a single global capitalist economy, we assess neoliberalism’s effects on threatened species alongside a nation’s position in the global world-system. The current study examines nine sets of negative binomial regression models analyzing the effect of neoliberalism, world-system position, and a set of control variables on species biodiversity loss across a sample of 104 countries for which all relevant data were available. We find some support that neoliberalism increases biodiversity loss in fully assessed species (birds and amphibians). We also find support for the hypothesis that there is more biodiversity loss in the periphery and semi-periphery of the world-system (compared with core countries) in fully assessed threatened species. We argue that the results support previous research showing the sociological drivers of biodiversity loss.
Actitudes lingüísticas de guanacastecos hacia la variedad lingüística del español del Valle Central
Authors: Sancho Ugalde María , Fallas Monge Johnny
Published: May 2024

In this research paper, a study based on linguistic behaviors present in Guanacaste speakers has been performed. The study addresses the linguistic varieties of Spanish in the Central Valle of a student sample from the National University of Costa Rica.The main objective is to analyze the linguistic behaviors of a group of Guanacaste speakers towards the linguistic varieties of Spanish within Central Valle. To accomplish this objective, a five-level Likert scale questionnaire is being proposed as the instrument to collect data on linguistic behaviors from Spanish from Central Valle. Moreover, in the same questionnaire, there have been included three open questions. This qualitative approach is being used to collect valuable information to complement the statistical data. Subsequently, the information obtained from the questionnaires is analyzed using statistical tools such as comparative charts and graphs. The objective would be to determine the linguistic behaviors of Guanacaste students from Chorotega and Omar Dengo’s National University sites. Regarding the results, the majority of the students interviewed (migrated and non-migrated) are aware of the linguistic differences between Guanacaste and Vallecentraleños speakers, linguistic prejudices still persist in the popular belief of some Costa Rican speakers; and finally, related with the linguistic variety under study, the Spanish from the Central Valley, there co-occur accommodation processes or linguistic adaptations, linguistic insecurity, linguistic change (manifested with the phenomenon of migration), attitudes of loyalty and linguistic identity reinforced with attitudes of greater awareness and acceptance of the linguistic and cultural diversity of Costa Rica. It may be concluded that in regard to the perception of the interviewed speakers, the historical division between the varieties of Spanish from Guanacaste and the Central Valley has been kept. However, the study of such linguistic varieties shows a leveling and progressive approach of both linguistic varieties, it is especially notable in those students who have lived abroad. The present study has five sections: the introduction; the theoretical frame; the methodological framework; the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the linguistic behaviors within the areas of the present study (Guanacaste and Central Valley) and finally, conclusions.
Global epidemics: a new look at etiopathogenesis and treatment
Authors: Dmytrivna Rudkovska Oksana
Published: May 2024

Global epidemics of non-communicable diseases - hypertension, type 2 diabetes, oncology, obesity - a scourge of the 21st century. The etiology of these diseases is not exactly known, there are no effective drugs. According to the author, the above diseases are the consequences of chronic stress, and the pathological process in the body is triggered by an excessively narrowed pupil, manifested by the activation of the parasympathetic nervous system. In the initial stages of these diseases, it is suggested to moderately expand the pupil (medically or surgically), in conjunction with lifestyle modification. This approach can be useful in the treatment of other diseases that arise as a result of chronic stress.
Optimizing the Use of Dose Error Reduction Software on Intravenous Infusion Pumps
Authors: Hughes Kristen , Cole Madison , Tims Deann , Wallach Troy , Spencer Christopher , Page Vanice , Robertson Jennifer , Hoffman James M.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Intravenous infusions have the potential to cause significant harm in patients and are associated with a high rate of adverse drug events and medication errors. Infusion pumps with dose error reduction software (DERS) can be used to reduce errors by establishing safe infusion parameters. In 2019, a quality improvement project was initiated with the aim to increase DERS compliance from 46% to 75% at our specialty institution by October 1, 2022.

METHODS

An interdisciplinary group was tasked with improving compliance with DERS by identifying key drivers, including informed staff, engaged staff, and an accurate smart pump library. We used the Model for Improvement framework to guide this improvement project, and Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles were used to plan for interventions. PDSA cycles included drug library updates, education, and unit-level compliance reporting. Weekly average DERS compliance was monitored as the outcome measure, and weekly pump alerts per 100 infusions were monitored as a balancing measure; statistical process control charts were used to monitor measures from 2018 to 2022.

RESULTS

Over the course of 25 months, 8 PDSA cycles resulted in 5 centerline improvements from a baseline mean of 46% to a final mean of 78%. Pump alerts per 100 infusions decreased from 15.9 to 6.4 with the first PDSA cycle and then continued to decrease to 3.9 with subsequent interventions.

CONCLUSIONS

Although features like DERS can help ensure safe medication administration, continuous improvement efforts to increase DERS compliance without increasing alert burden are needed to ensure that benefits of this technology are optimized.
Enhancing NICU Care and Communication: Perspectives of Moderately Preterm Infant Parents
Authors: Osborne Ashley D. , Worsley Diana , Cullen Catherine , Martin Ashley , Christ Lori
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Moderately preterm infants (MPTI) comprise a large proportion of NICU admissions and are an understudied population. The unique experience of families with MPTIs has yet to be examined in the literature. Describing MPTI parent needs and preferences may inform interventions to improve care and outcomes for this population.

METHODS

Semistructured qualitative interviews were performed with English-speaking birth parents of infants born between 32 and 34 weeks gestation to describe their NICU experience and identify areas for improvement specifically surrounding care team inclusion, education, discharge, and communication. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using directed content analysis. Enrollment ceased when the data reached thematic saturation.

RESULTS

Sixteen birth parents participated. Four themes emerged around parent-medical team connectedness, parental confusion, discharge readiness, and the desire for a use of a mix of in-person and electronic communication methods (e-mail, texting, apps, etc) for communication. MPTI parents valued a strong connection with the medical team; however, they described a lack of knowledge regarding the reasons for admission and ongoing management. Near discharge, parents desired more information regarding feeding, reflux, and breathing patterns. Parents preferred in-person discussions but described a role for electronic methods to improve their understanding of their infant and discharge readiness.

CONCLUSIONS

From the MPTI parent perspective, clinicians can focus improvement efforts on communication, specifically around reasons for admission, discharge planning, and anticipatory guidance. These results may serve as a foundation for initiatives to improve the MPTI parent experience and potentially parent and MPTI outcomes.
Post-return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) management in STEMI patient with COVID-19: a case report
Authors: Richard
Published: May 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is still a global emergency that causes higher mortality in patients with comorbidities. Current data shows the mortality rate of STEMI patients with COVID-19 is higher than that of STEMI patients without COVID-19. This study aims to improve the knowledge and skills in managing cardiac arrest in COVID-19 patients and post-ROSC management in STEMI patients with COVID-19.
Case Presentation: A 43-year-old man came with a complaint of typical chest pain 3 days before admission, accompanied by symptoms of orthopnea and dyspnea on exercise, and had experienced syncope 3 days prior. History of diabetes mellitus and previous heart attack. The examination results showed tachycardia, tachypnea and oxygen desaturase. The supporting examinations were ESR 89, CRP 48.72, D-dimer: 2.04, and HbA1C 10.1%. Swab Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) SARS Cov-2 showed a positive result, with pulmonary edema that may be accompanied by pneumonia (CORADS-3), bilateral pleural effusions, calcification of the descending aorta and coronary arteries LAD, LCX, RCA on computed tomography (CT) imaging. ) Thorax. On bedside echocardiography, EF 28%, LA-LV dilatation, anterior akinetic RWMA, and mild-moderate MR due to functional, mild TR were found. Patients diagnosed with STEMI anterior late onset Killip III, CCS IV, Grace 129, TIMI 9/14; ADHF on ACS; DM, Confirmed Covid-19, Hypoalbuminemia, Hypercoagulation state and had a heart attack and cardiac-respiratory arrest on the 14th day of treatment, performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and entered a state of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). The patient continued the treatment until day 23 and was referred to another hospital for further care.
Conclusion: In order to obtain good results in reducing mortality in STEMI patients with COVID-19, it is necessary to have the knowledge and skills of management of cardiac arrest in COVID-19 patients and post ROSC management in STEMI patients with COVID-19, as well as pay attention to and maintaining the safety of the rescuers.
Analysis of Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) markers and Lymphocyte Monocyte Ratio (LMR) in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Madjar Wihelmina Yuliana Beatrix , Abdullah Agus Alim , Bahrun Uleng
Published: May 2024

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is cancer of the colon or rectum and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. The marker for CRC is Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA). Lymphocytes play a role in cytotoxic cell death, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and migration. Lymphocyte Monocyte Ratio (LMR) is an easy-to-use laboratory biomarker to predict clinical outcomes in patients with colon cancer. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between CEA and LMR levels with the severity of CRC.
Methods: The researcher cross-sectional analyzed 53 CRC patients by taking secondary data from medical records of colorectal cancer patients, CEA, and CBC data at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar. The data were grouped and then analyzed statistically. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0 for Windows
Results: The number of patients with male sex was 38 people (71.7%) and 15 women (28.3%). The age group of the patients ranged from 32 to 84 years, with a mean of 58.1 ± 11.3 years. The most severe degree of CRC was moderate, 29 people (73.6%), followed by mild degree, 8 people (15.1%), and severe degree, 6 people (11.3%). There is a significant negative correlation between LMR and CEA (r=-0.357; p=0.009)
Conclusion: There is a significant negative correlation between LMR and CEA. A decrease in LMR can be associated with a poor prognosis in cancer patients, whereas an increase in LMR before treatment can provide a good prognosis
Association of urine Interleukin-8 (IL-8) with renal impairment in lupus patients
Authors: Hananto Emanuel , Christiani Laura , Sari Dominica Pita , Kalsum Umi , Kusworini  , Susianti Hani
Published: May 2024

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with clinical manifestations that vary between individuals with progressive and irreversible SLE organ damage. Recently, it has become known that Interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels in the blood rise in SLE patients compared to healthy people. The increase of IL-8 causes kidney inflammation by promoting the release of the Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NET) complex, which supports further renal damage. This study aims to evaluate the association of urine interleukin-8 with renal impairment in SLE patients.
Methods: A total of 45 lupus participants—22 with and 23 without renal abnormalities—had their urine collected. The interleukin-8 concentration was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)—renal impairment criteria based on renal biopsy or ACR 1997 criteria. Mann-Whitney and Spearman correlation tests were employed in the statistical analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 for Windows.
Results: There was no significant difference in IL-8 urine levels between the SLE group with renal impairment  (111.27±59.03 pg/ml) and the SLE group without renal impairment (125.76±66.62 pg/ml) was not significant (p=0.67). Urine IL-8 also did not significantly correlate with blood neutrophil count, leukocyte count and leukocyturia (p>0.05).
Conclusion: In lupus patients, urine Interleukin-8 levels are not associated with renal impairment.
Topical curcumin gel accelerates healing of II A – degree burns on male wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Ida Bagus Agung Indra Pramana  , I Gusti Putu Hendra Sanjaya  , Agus Roy Rusly Hariantana Hamid  , I Made Suka Adnyana  , I Gusti Ayu Sri Mahendra Dewi  , Wayan Niryana  , Sianny Herawati
Published: May 2024

Background: Burns can happen to anyone at any time, so they require wound care, which is essential to speed up wound healing. Curcumin gel is suspected to help this process, which is administered topically. Besides being cheap, easy to find, and minimal side effects, the content of curcumin helps a series of biological processes that accelerate the recovery of II A – degree burns, which have not been studied extensively recently.
Aim: The study aims to prove that topical curcumin gel can accelerate the healing of II A-degree burns in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).
Methods: This true experimental study with a post-test control group design involved 28 male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), which were initially intervened by inducing a heat probe that stimulated the formation of an area of II A – degree burns. Wound profile analysis was conducted in the control and treatment groups within 7 and 14 days, respectively. After the wound biopsy, the significance of the parametric test results on the average velocity of epithelialization, number of fibroblasts, and collagen density was assessed.
Results: Epithelialization rate (p<0.001), fibroblast cell count (p=0.007), and collagen density (p=0.011) after curcumin administration were higher than controls. The curcumin treatment group at 14 days showed the greatest significance among the other comparisons (p<0.05). The higher the speed of epithelialization, the higher the number of fibroblasts or collagen, respectively, in the control and treatment groups (r > 0.65; p <0.05).
Conclusion: Topical administration of curcumin gel has the potential to be a hope for future remedies that initiate the improvement of the healing process of II A – degree burns properly.
Beneficial health effects of porang (Amorphophallus muelleri): A review
Authors: Hosiana Ade Mayra , Pinatih Gde Ngurah Indraguna , Laksemi Dewa Ayu Agus Sri
Published: May 2024

Porang is a plant native to Indonesia that has long been recognized for its various benefits and is increasingly being researched. The high glucomannan content in porang makes porang considered a health-beneficial functional food. This review examines the various beneficial health effects of the porang plant. The method used in writing this journal is collecting data from various sources, including online research journals such as Google Scholar, Pubmed and Science Direct. Based on the journal review, porang was shown to have several beneficial health effects, such as reducing body weight and obesity parameters, lowering blood sugar levels and HOMA-IR, and improving lipid profiles. Glucomannan in porang also has the potential to provide anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, and adjunctive therapy as a laxative and prebiotic.