bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Getting in the Door: Streamlining Intake in Civil Legal Services with Large Language Models
Authors: Steenhuis Quinten , Westermann Hannes
Published: December 2024

Legal intake, the process of finding out if an applicant is eligible for help from a free legal aid program, takes significant time and resources. In part this is because eligibility criteria are nuanced, open-textured, and require frequent revision as grants start and end. In this paper, we investigate the use of large language models (LLMs) to reduce this burden. We describe a digital intake platform that combines logical rules with LLMs to offer eligibility recommendations, and we evaluate the ability of 8 different LLMs to perform this task. We find promising results for this approach to help close the access to justice gap, with the best model reaching an F1 score of .82, while minimizing false negatives.
Short-term stock indices as a tool for assessing and forecasting scientific and technological security
Authors: Ladynin A. I.
Published: December 2024

Objectives. Ensuring scientific and technological sovereignty, defined as one of the objectives of the Concept of Technological Development for the period until 2030, approved by the Order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1315-r dated May 20, 2023, implies the use of effective mechanisms for managing the country’s economy. Under contemporary conditions, technology is a crucial element in the country’s economic development and a key component of scientific and technological security. Thus, the aim of the present work is to develop existing methods for analyzing economically significant information relating to the monitoring and diagnostics of scientific and technological security at the meso- and macrolevels.

Methods. The developed method for scientific and technological security level monitoring and forecasting, which is based on the dynamics analysis of the values of corporate securities, includes economic and statistical analysis methods, machine learning and time series analysis tools.

Results. The approach towards information processing and enhancement of analysis mechanisms in managerial decisions, which relies on diagnostic, analysis, and forecasting tools for socioeconomic system scientific and technological security, is based on information-processing, economic, and mathematical methods. The presented results constitute a developed method for the analysis of systemically important enterprises stock indices, supporting research and development to assess and predict scientific and technological security dynamics at meso- and macro levels of the economy. In order to verify the methodology, a numerical experiment was carried out using statistical data from systemically important companies.

Conclusions. The developed methodology is aimed at improved managerial decision-making accuracy and speed when solving problems connected with scientific and technological security underpinning socioeconomic systems. The experimental results quantitatively confirm the significant contribution made by systemically important companies to Russian Federation’s scientific and technological security ensuring.
Contribution of interference to the magneto-optical transverse Kerr effect in white light
Authors: Gladyshev I. V. , Yurasov A. N. , Yashin M. M.
Published: December 2024

Objectives. When measuring the transverse Kerr effect on thin-film structures, interference effects have a great influence on the result obtained. In conference presentations, some researchers have reported on the use of white light in experiments. In their opinion, despite the thickness of the studied layers being much less than the wavelength of light, white light can help avoid interference effects and/or resonant excitation of plasmon waves. The aim of the present work is to verify the validity of such statements using simulation.

Methods. In order to solve this problem, the method of computer simulation was used. A numerical solution of equations was compiled for a model structure for various thicknesses and materials of layers.

Results. The simulation results show that interference effects in different parts of the spectrum when using white light sources do not neutralize each other. The magnitude of the effect is affected not only by the thickness of the structure layers, but also by the shape of the source emission spectrum, as well as the sensitivity curve of the photodetector. In this case, the output of the measured value of the effect to a plateau at relatively large thicknesses of the magnetooptical film is due to the light being absorbed in the thickness of the magneto-optical film and is negligibility of the back reflection of light from the substrate.

Conclusions. The presented technique takes into account the influence of interference effects when measuring the equatorial Kerr effect in white light or using other sources having a wide spectral range, thus improving the interpretation of experimental results. The results are relevant to the development and research of the physical foundations for creating new and improving existing devices in micro-, nano-, and solid-state electronics, as well as quantum devices, including optoelectronic devices and converters of physical quantities.
Cybersecurity of smart grids: Comparison of machine learning approaches training for anomaly detection
Authors: Kochergin S. V. , Artemova S. V. , Bakaev A. A. , Mityakov E. S. , Vegera Zh. G. , Maksimova E. A.
Published: December 2024

Objectives. The transformation of modern electric grids into decentralized smart grids presents new challenges in the field of cybersecurity. The purpose of this work is to conduct research and analysis into the effectiveness of different machine-learning methods for identifying anomalies in decentralized smart networks, including cyberattacks and emergency modes, as well as to develop recommendations on the optimal combination of these methods for ensuring effective cybersecurity under conditions of changing electrical loads.

Methods. We consider several machine learning methods for identifying anomalies in power systems that simulate network behavior under conditions of cyberattacks and emergency modes. The relative effectiveness of such methods as multifractal analysis using wavelets, the Isolation Forest model, local outlier factor (LOF), k-means clustering, and one-class support vector machine (One-Class SVM), is analyzed.

Results. The comparison of machine learning methods reveals the varying effectiveness of anomaly detection methods used to detect cyber threats and deviations in electrical systems. Isolation Forest is best at detecting abrupt changes related to cyberattacks with high accuracy and a minimum of false positives. While LOF can also be effective in detecting cyberattacks, its increased sensitivity to minor deviations increases the number of false positives. K-means and One-Class SVMs are less effective in detecting abrupt anomalies but are useful for general clustering of data and detecting both abrupt and smooth changes, respectively.

Conclusions. The obtained research results indicate the advantages of using a combination of machine learning algorithms to ensure the reliable protection of smart networks from cyberattacks taking into account the nature of the electrical load.
Edit Away and My Face Will not Stay:Personal Biometric Defense against Malicious Generative Editing
Authors: Wang Hanhui , Zhang Yihua , Tu Zhengzhong
Published: December 2024

Recent advancements in diffusion models have made generative image editing more accessible than ever. While these developments allow users to generate creative edits with ease, they also raise significant ethical concerns, particularly regarding malicious edits to human portraits that threaten individuals’ privacy and identity security. Existing general-purpose image protection methods primarily focus on generating adversarial perturbations to nullify edit effects. However, these approaches often exhibit instability to protect against diverse editing requests. In this work, we introduce a novel perspective to personal human portrait protection against malicious editing. Unlike traditional methods aiming to prevent edits from taking effect, our method, FaceLock, optimizes adversarial perturbations to ensure that original biometric information—such as facial features—is either destroyed or substantially altered post-editing, rendering the subject in the edited output biometrically unrecognizable. Our approach innovatively integrates facial recognition and visual perception factors into the perturbation optimization process, ensuring robust protection against a variety of editing attempts. Besides, we shed light on several critical issues with commonly used evaluation metrics in image editing and reveal cheating methods by which they can be easily manipulated, leading to deceptive assessments of protection. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that FaceLock significantly outperforms all baselines in defense performance against a wide range of malicious edits. Moreover, our method also exhibits strong robustness against purification techniques. Comprehensive ablation studies confirm the stability and broad applicability of our method across diverse diffusion-based editing algorithms. Our work not only advances the state-of-the-art in biometric defense but also sets the foundation for more secure and privacy-preserving practices in image editing. The code is publicly available at: https://github.com/taco-group/FaceLock.
Can GNNs Learn Link Heuristics? A Concise Review and Evaluation of Link Prediction Methods
Authors: Liang Shuming , Ding Yu , Li Zhidong , Liang Bin , Zhang Siqi , Wang Yang , Chen Fang
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the ability of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) in learning various forms of information for link prediction, alongside a brief review of existing link prediction methods. Our analysis reveals that GNNs cannot effectively learn structural information related to the number of common neighbors between two nodes, primarily due to the nature of set-based pooling of the neighborhood aggregation scheme. Also, our extensive experiments indicate that trainable node embeddings can improve the performance of GNN-based link prediction models. Importantly, we observe that the denser the graph, the greater such the improvement. We attribute this to the characteristics of node embeddings, where the link state of each link sample could be encoded into the embeddings of nodes that are involved in the neighborhood aggregation of the two nodes in that link sample. In denser graphs, every node could have more opportunities to attend the neighborhood aggregation of other nodes and encode states of more link samples to its embedding, thus learning better node embeddings for link prediction. Lastly, we demonstrate that the insights gained from our research carry important implications in identifying the limitations of existing link prediction methods, which could guide the future development of more robust algorithms.
Gender Disparities and Board Representation in Zimbabwe
Authors: Magomana Nzwirashe R. , Mkhize Msizi , Abel Sanderson , Aliamutu Kansilembo
Published: December 2024

Approximately one-third of the world’s GDP is held by the 500 biggest firms worldwide. Nonetheless, barely 25% of Fortune 500 board members and <6.7% of board chairs worldwide were female in 2021. The aim of this paper is to understand and address gender disparities in the private sector. The study investigated thirty-six companies with the aid of a structured questionnaire. The study used a mixed research design. It explored the qualitative aspects of the board gender gap through interviews, followed by a quantitative phase to validate and enrich the findings. The findings demonstrated that women were noticeably underrepresented on corporate boards. The gender disparity that exists in Zimbabwe is evidently shown in the results. The findings also highlight subtle differences in the power and decision-making procedures on boards. The implication of the results is that there is need for deliberate efforts to enhance gender diversity at the leadership level to ensure inclusivity and effective governance. Strategies that promote equal opportunities and mitigate gender-based biases are essential for fostering a more inclusive and equitable corporate environment.
Impact of Economic Growth and Exchange Rate Volatility on FDI Inflows: Cointegration and Causality Tests for the BRICS Countries
Authors: Elian Mohammad I. , Bani-Mustafa Ahmed , Sawalha Nabeel , Alsaber Ahmad R. , Pan Jiazhu
Published: December 2024

This paper examines impact of economic growth, exchange rate volatility, and the real exchange rate on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows to BRICS economies. We employed the cointegration testing to investigate the long-term relationship between the selected regressors and Granger Non-Causality test to analyze the direction of causality between variables. Diagnostic tests were conducted to check serial correlation in our model and to detect model misspecification. The stability of parameters at a 5% significance is graphically presented. The results indicate that economic growth is a positive significant determinant of FDI inflows in both the short and long term, and exchange rate volatility and the real exchange rate have a negative insignificant impact on FDI inflows in the short run, with the exchange rate showing a positive significant link in the long run. The relationships with control variables are mixed: the coefficients of gross fixed capital formation display a positive and significant relationship with FDI inflows in the short run, but an insignificant one in the long run. Trade openness and inflation demonstrated an insignificant link to FDI inflows, while GDP per capita had a positive significant impact in both terms. These findings offer valuable insights for policy reforms and economic integration across countries.
Investment Decisions and Firm Value: The Moderating Role of Profitability
Authors: Melina Ester , Endri Endri
Published: December 2024

Firm value (FV) describes the performance of management in carrying out the work entrusted to them by shareholders related to company management. Shareholders expect Increasing FV because it can achieve the company's goal of maximizing its welfare. The study investigates the influence of investment decision factors and asset turnover (TATO) and the role of Profitability (ROA) as a moderator variable on FV. The research sample includes 32 property and real estate sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for 2018-2022. The estimation method applied is a panel data regression model that includes common, random, and fixed effects to test the research hypothesis. Fixed effect model (FEM) estimation based on selected diagnostic tests to test the research hypothesis. Investment decisions proxied by the price-earnings ratio (PER) in the model with ROA moderator, directly without interaction, have a negative impact on FV. Still, the interaction between PER and ROA has a positive but insignificant effect. Conversely, PER does not affect FV without the role of the ROA moderator. TATO, which measures efficiency, positively impacts FV in both models without and with the role of the ROA moderator. On the other hand, TATO has a negative impact on FV if it interacts with ROA. ROA directly without interaction is negatively related to FV. ROA, which acts as a moderator variable, can only moderate TATO negatively on FV.
Understanding the Realities of Financial Crime in Public Institutions: Female Public Servants' Insights
Authors: Awale Abdirahman Abdinur , Abdullahi Faduma Ahmed , Kulmie Dayah Abdi
Published: December 2024

This study assessed public female employees’ perceptions of financial crimes in Somali public sector, using a descriptive research. Research on financial crimes, corruption and fraud ware male dominated, so, female offenders, as well as female participation in research, have received less attention. However, recent studies have focused on the intersection of gender and financial crimes. Researchers collected primary data from 64 female employees working in various public organizations and analyzed it using SPSS. Studies based on perception play a key role in connecting actual circumstances with individual experiences. The results indicate that public female employees perceive financial crimes as widespread and complex issues, but also believe that they are both preventable and detectable. The findings of this study align with those of previous research, identifying the elements of the fraud triangle (Pressure, Rationalization, Opportunity) and fraud diamond (Capability) as the key contributors to financial crimes within the Somali public sector. The survey highlights the significant economic and social impacts of financial crimes, including increased government expenditures, budget deficits, impeded socio-economic development, and resource misallocation, as well as the detrimental effects on the private sector and public institutions. The paper suggests several measures to improve financial crime prevention. It recommends strengthening governance, accountability and transparency systems, establishing effective independent oversight bodies, increasing public access to financial information, promoting ethical culture and enforcing ethical codes for public servants, investing in law enforcement capacity, and educing socio-economic disparities to create a more equitable society. This study is the first attempt to assess public female employees’ perception of financial crimes in Somalia. It offers new perspectives on the root causes, and consequences of these bad practices, and sheds light on how these crimes can be prevented, and detected by offering key actionable insights to policymakers.
Dividend Dynamics: Exploring Liquidity’s Moderating Role in Indonesia’s Energy-Listed Companies
Authors: Rosiana Rita , Wong Wing Keung
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the potential reasons behind the inconsistencies in the factors that affect corporate dividend policy. In addition, it attempts to closely analyze the role of liquidity in the dynamics of these relationships and clarify the characteristics of the moderating variables involved. The analysis draws on financial and annual reports of a sample of publicly listed energy companies in Indonesia, utilizing moderating regression analysis as a methodological framework. This study encompasses 5 years of observations, from 2019 to 2023, and includes 60 firm-year observations across 12 companies. We find that neither profitability nor leverage significantly influences dividend policy, while asset tangibility demonstrates a negative impact. Furthermore, there is evidence that liquidity has a moderating effect on the relationships between both profitability and dividend payout and between leverage and dividend payout. However, liquidity variable does not have moderate impact on the association between asset tangibility and dividend policy. The findings emphasize the necessity of integrating asset tangibility and liquidity into the dividend payment strategies of listed energy companies in Indonesia. Proper management of these factors is essential to maintain sufficient liquidity for cash dividends and to facilitate corporate financing.
Pengaruh Net Operating Margin dan Kualitas Aktiva Produktif terhadap Return on Asset di Bank BJB Syariah
Authors: Huda Badriyatul , Nur Parisa Dwi Afrilla , Triadi Abidin Mario Aldo
Published: December 2024

Based on the results of the study, the background of this research is the gap between theory and practice between NOM and KAP on ROA at Bank BJB Syariah for the period 2017-2021. This study aims to determine how the influence of NOM and KAP on ROA at Bank BJB Syariah either partially or simultaneously. The object of research in this thesis is the financial statements of Bank BJB Syariah in 2017-2021. The type of research is quantitative associative, with secondary data types and uses data collection techniques in the form of documentation and literature study. While the population in this study are all financial statements of Bank BJB Syariah for the period 2017-2021. The sample in this study is the financial ratio report of Bank BJB Syariah totaling 5 financial statements. The results showed that there was a significant effect between NOM on ROA at BJB Syariah Bank with the results of the t test where the value of tcount > ttable (19.382 > 2.35)., there was no significant effect between KAP on ROA at BJB Syariah Bank with the test results t where tcount < ttable (0.480 < 2.35), and simultaneously there is no significant effect between NOM and KAP on ROA at BJB Syariah Bank with F test results where Fcount < Ftable (-1.719 < 19.16).
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Aktiva Tetap berbasi website di PT Ma’soem Cikalang
Authors: Rizkon Aa , Atmoko Dwi
Published: December 2024

PT. Ma'soem Cikalang Group is a business institution engaged in oil, gas, mineral oil, mineral water and an educational foundation in equipment ownership assets. PT Ma'soem has more than 1000 equipment used to support its operational activities. But in managing the inventory of equipment is still done semi-computerized using Microsoft Excel. Causing problems such as difficulty in performing physical check of equipment with existing data, difficulties in finding information on equipment in the branch office, limited working hours to access equipment information and allowing data loss and data duplication. The analysis conducted in this study includes an analysis of the current system and an analysis of the proposed system. The system design used is the OOAD (Object Oriented Analysis and Design) method approach with the UML (Unified Modeling Language) modeling language. The design of this information system is expected to make it easier for officers to carry out an inventory of equipment, present information on needed equipment wherever and whenever, and minimize data loss and data duplication.
Pengaruh Kemampuan, Motivasi dan Semangat Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di Bank BSI Kantor Cabang Suniaraja Bandung
Authors: Abdul Halim Asep , Isatun Rodiah Rida Sifa , Triadi Abidin Mario Aldo , Nasution Ade Iskandar
Published: December 2024

This research was motivated by the lack of ability, motivation and enthusiasm for work carried out at Bank BSI KC Suniaraja Bandung. to find out how the influence of ability, motivation and morale on employee performance at Bank BSI Suniaraja Bandung partially and simultaneously. The object of this research is the employees at Bank BSI KC Suniaraja Bandung. This type of research is quantitative associative, primary data collection techniques by conducting observations, interviews, questionnaires and literature study. The population is 32 respondents. The collection of samples using the saturated sample method. The results showed that there was an influence between ability on employee performance, namely 36.0% or tcount > ttable value (4.111>2.042). There is no influence between motivation on employee performance that is equal to 9.3% or tcount < ttable value (1.755 < 2.042). There is an influence between work morale on employee performance by 25.9% or tcount > ttable value (3,236. > 2,042). and there is a simultaneous influence of ability, motivation and work spirit on employee performance at Bank BSI KC Suniaraja Bandung as much as 39.8% or Fcount > Ftable value (6,170 > 2.95).
Pengaruh Brand Awareness, Brand Image dan Media Communication terhadap Minat Nasabah Memilih BSI Griya Hasanah di BSI KCP Garut Kadungora
Authors: Aminah Jamaliah Alya Siti , Rakhman Faisal
Published: December 2024

Based on observation results, that the background of this research is the tendency for a decrease in BSI Griya Hasanah customers at BSI KCP Garut Kadungora over the past three years. This is caused by the lack of Brand Awareness, Brand Image and Media Communication at BSI KCP Garut Kadungora, which affects customer interest in choosing BSI Griya Hasanah at the bank. This study aims to find out how Brand Awareness, Brand Image and Media Communication influence the interest in choosing BSI Griya Hasanah products, both partially and simultaneously at BSI KCP Garut Kadungora. The research object is BSI Griya Hasanah customers. The type of research is associative quantitative with primary data types and uses data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, literature study, and questionnaires. While the sampling technique is non-probability sampling with purposive sampling. The population is all BSI Griya Hasanah customers at BSI KCP Garut Kadungora, totaling 72 people with a sample of 61 people. The results showed that there was a significant influence between brand awareness on customer interest in BSI Griya Hasanah of 59,2% where the value of t count > t table (9,251 > 2,001), there was a significant influence between brand image on the interest of BSI Griya Hasanah customers by 59,9% with the results of the t test where t count > t table (9,378 > 2,001), there is a significant effect between media communication on customer interest BSI Griya Hasanah of 43,6% with the t test results where t count > t table (6,758 > 2,001), and simultaneously there is a significant influence between brand awareness, brand image and media communication on interest in choosing BSI Griya Hasanah products of 68,5% for R2 with F test results where f count > f table (41,229 > 2,76).
Sedación paliativa en pacientes pediátricos con cáncer avanzado en cuidado paliativo
Authors: Aedo M. Mónica , Rodríguez Z. Natalie , Palma T. Chery , Yohannessen V. Karla
Published: December 2024

Los cuidados paliativos (CP) tienen un rol fundamental en la población pediátrica que padece cáncer, existiendo escasas publicaciones sobre el procedimiento de sedación paliativa (SP) en pediatría. Objetivo: Describir las características de los pacientes atendidos en la Unidad de CP del hospital de niños Dr. Roberto del Río, con diagnóstico oncológico en etapa avanzada que recibieron SP. Pacientes y Método: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Se revisaron historias clínicas de niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) con cáncer avanzado que recibieron SP entre el 2003 y el 2021. Se caracterizaron variables demográficas y clínicas, asociadas a la práctica de SP. Resultados: Se incluyeron 204 pacientes con cáncer entre 2003-2021, el 22,5% recibió SP (46/204). Se revisaron 36 historias clínicas, edad promedio 8 años 7 meses, 56% hombres, 45% tumores sólidos. El síntoma refractario más frecuente fue disnea (50%). El 97% recibió midazolam en infusión continua. El tiempo transcurrido entre el inicio de SP y fallecimiento fue “mayor a 72 horas” en el 44% de los pacientes. La mayoría de los pacientes sedados (72%) fallecieron hospitalizados en unidades de baja complejidad. Conclusiones: La SP en NNA en CP por cáncer avanzado es una herramienta terapéutica, de uso ocasional, indicada frente a síntomas refractarios, permitiendo optimizar el manejo de pacientes en etapa de fin de vida. Se requieren más estudios multicéntricos para entregar orientaciones que incluyan pacientes con patología no oncológica.
Insuficiencia respiratoria por debilidad muscular aguda y compromiso del sistema nervioso central: botulismo grave del lactante
Authors: Balkenhol G. Julián , Olmedo N. Macarena , Donoso F. Alejandro , Ampuero A. Camila , Maldonado V. Blanca , Arriagada S. Daniela
Published: December 2024

El botulismo del lactante es infrecuente en Chile. Esta grave toxemia causada por la ingesta de esporas de Clostridium botulinum se manifiesta como una parálisis flácida descendente, progresando desde una neuropatía craneana a insuficiencia ventilatoria.Objetivo: Reportar el caso de un paciente con insuficiencia ventilatoria ocasionada por esta enfermedad neuroparalítica.Caso Clínico: Lactante de 7 meses, quién consultó por dos días de evolución de dificultad para alimentarse. A su admisión a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos se evidenció parálisis de pares craneanos, midriasis arrefléctica bilateral y compromiso de conciencia. El estudio imagenológico no evidenció hallazgos patológicos. La muestra de deposiciones resultó (+) para Clostridium botulinum con aislamiento de toxina A. Se desestimó estudio electromiográfico. El paciente requirió uso de ventilación mecánica invasiva por 2 meses. Presentó recuperación motora restableciendo su normalidad luego de un año de evolución.Conclusión: El botulismo del lactante es un desafío diagnóstico dado su rareza, ante lo cual se debe tener un alto índice de sospecha.
Movimiento estudiantil, sistema educativo y crisis política actual en Chile
Authors: Rifo Mauricio
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo se instala en el análisis del presente y su desenvolvimiento como apertura de enunciados políticos de transformación en relación a los nuevos escenarios político-sociales producidos por el neoliberalismo maduro, instalado bajo la dictadura militar y continuado por los gobiernos de la Concertación de Partidos por la Democracia. En estas transformaciones se sitúa al movimiento estudiantil como un dinamizador fundamental en la actual configuración política nacional, tanto en su apertura presente como futura y en la maduración de un proceso político post-transicional de crítica al Neoliberalismo.
(Des) Igualdad socio espacial y justicia espacial: nociones clave para una lectura crítica de la ciudad
Authors: Alvarez Rojas Ana  María
Published: December 2024

Este artículo sintetiza parte de la discusión conceptual de un estudio sobre prácticas espaciales de jóvenes universitarios en procesos de movilidad social. En esta discusión, se proponen algunos criterios para el análisis multidimensional de la desigualdad en la ciudad que considere las dimensiones tangibles e intangibles de la experiencia urbana. Se propone la noción de justicia espacial como referente ético y teórico para pensar la idea de una ciudad justa: justa distribución de bienes materiales, calidad de las interacciones sociales e idoneidad de los procedimientos democráticos. Santiago representa un ejemplo paradigmático del tránsito de la pobreza urbana a la desigualdad socio espacial, en que el crecimiento económico, la movilidad social y el acceso masivo al consumo, han tendido a ocultar las grandes diferencias existentes entre comunas y entre prácticas espaciales de sus habitantes.
ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЛЮДСЬКИМИ РЕСУРСАМИ В КОМПАНІЯХ ІТ-СЕКТОРУ УКРАЇНИ НА ОСНОВІ ІННОВАЦІЙ
Authors: Ванін Антон
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена актуальним питанням підвищення ефективності управління людськими ресурсами в компаніях ІТ-сектору України на основі інновацій. В роботі систематизовано інновації в управлінні людськими ресурсами і проаналізовано їхній вплив на кадрову політику та ефективність використання кадрового потенціалу організації. Виявлено особливу значущість управління людськими ресурсами для підвищення конкурентоспроможності бізнесу. Проаналізовано підходи до оцінки використання кадрового потенціалу організації. і виокремлено якість кадрової політики як спільного елемента підвищення ефективності HR. Вивчено HR-тренди та виконано огляд кадрових інновацій, розкрито їхній зміст і вплив на зміну кадрової роботи. Розглянуто вплив інновацій на ефективність використання кадрового потенціалу. Виділено проблеми при впровадженні інновацій.
Risk Factors, Causes, and Strategies for Reducing Medication Errors: A Narrative Review
Authors: Nadem Suha , Makarim M. Ali Hassan  , Amena Lafeta Muttlaq Al-Shareefi
Published: December 2024

Abstract— Medication errors, which refer to any deviation from the prescribed medication regimen, can have seriously affected patient safety and treatment outcomes. It underscores the need for healthcare professionals to follow medication orders precisely and to be vigilant in preventing errors throughout the medication use. This process involves different stakeholders, including specialists, therapists, apothecaries, patients, and their relatives. Medication errors tend to be more prevalent in hospital settings due to various factors related to the complexity of patient care, the fast-paced environment, and the involvement of multiple healthcare professionals in the medication process. The current review was conducted for reporting medication errors, risk factors, causes, and strategies for reducing medication errors in previous articles from 2015 to 2023. The brief review showed that multiple studies have reported a high incidence of medication errors following hospital discharge. These errors can include prescribing errors, incorrect dosing, medicine interactions, and omissions or duplications of medication. Medication errors following hospital discharge can lead to adverse drug events, which can result in patient harm, hospital readmissions, and increased healthcare costs. Also; some studies have evaluated the effectiveness of transitional care interventions and strategies in reducing medication errors and adverse drug events (ADEs). These interventions can include medication reconciliation processes, post-discharge follow-up, patient education programs and electronic medication management system. By addressing these interventions, future studies and interventions can contribute to improving medication safety following hospital discharge and advancing the global safety agenda.
GC-MS Assay to Alkaloid Extract of T. foenum-graecum Seeds and Detection Effect of Extract as Antibacterialect Of Extract As Antibacterial
Authors: Sura Salim Nadhm  , AL-Waheeb Alla N.
Published: December 2024

The need for standardized modern analytical procedures becomes urgent due to the rise in drug-resistant for pathogens. These procedures use to isolate new bioactive compounds from medicinal plants. The medicinal plant-derived compounds could provide a new method to fight pathogenic bacteria. This study sheds light on the antimicrobial activity of plant-derived components, their possible mechanisms of action, and their chemical potential. Five different plant extract concentrations were used:12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/ ml. The maximum inhibition zone for the alkaloid extracted from seeds of Trigonella foenum against   Klebsiella pneumonia was (21.0 ± 0.63) mm at 200 Mg ml1 dose. In comparison, the minimum inhibition zone for Pseudomonas aeruginosa was (6.16 ± 0.40) mm at 25 Mg ml1. According to the results of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, the chemical composition analysis of the Trigonella foenum extract had a high concentration of organic components with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.
CAU Kiel Institute of Geosciences: Measuring Techniques in Shallow Water, Cruise No. AL593, 29.04.2023 – 10.05.2023, Kiel (Germany) – Kiel (Germany), MScMarineMeasure
Authors: Winter Christian , Becker Marius , Krämer Knut
Published: December 2024

Cruise AL593 was a teaching course for students of the MSc Marine Geosciences and BSc
Geowissenschaften at Kiel University. Students had hands-on experience on standard marine
geoscientific research procedures on the expeditions from Kiel to the Kiel and Mecklenburg Bay,
Western Baltic Sea.
The research program focussed on water column measurements and sedimentological
observations of the seafloor and subseafloor structures. Work areas were located North and East
of Fehmarn Island, in Mecklenburg Bay, and Kiel Bay. CTD profiles (plus density, oxygen) were
taken. ADCP measurements (velocities) were carried out at different cross-sections. Different
areas were mapped with multibeam echosounder (MBES) and sediment echosounder (SES). Grab
samples and gravity cores were taken and described.
(Alkor-Berichte ; AL593)
Advancing Plant Biomass Measurements: Integrating Smartphone-based 3D Scanning Techniques for Enhanced Ecosystem Monitoring
Authors: Dietrich Peter , Elias Melanie , Dietrich Peter , Harpole Stanley , Roscher Christiane , Bumberger Jan
Published: December 2024

New technological developments open novel possibilities for widely applicable methods of ecosystem analyses. We investigated a novel approach using smartphone-based 3D scanning for non-destructive, high-resolution monitoring of above-ground plant biomass. This method leverages Structure from Motion (SfM) techniques with widely accessible smartphone apps and subsequent computing to generate detailed ecological data. By implementing a streamlined pipeline for point cloud processing and voxel-based analysis, we enable frequent, cost-effective, and accessible monitoring of vegetation structure and plant community biomass. Conducted in long-term experimental grasslands, our study reveals a high correlation (R² up to 0.9) between traditional biomass harvesting and 3D volume estimates derived from smartphone-generated point clouds, validating the method's accuracy and reliability. Additionally, results indicate significant effects of plant species richness and fertilization on biomass production and volume estimates, underscoring the potential for high-resolution temporal and spatial analyses of vegetation dynamics. This method's innovation extends beyond traditional practices with implications for future integration of AI to automate species segmentation, ecological trait extraction, and predictive modeling. The simplicity and accessibility of the smartphone-based approach facilitate broader engagement in ecosystem monitoring, encouraging citizen science participation and enhancing data collection efforts. Future research will make it possible to refine the accuracy of point cloud processing, expand applications across diverse vegetation types, and explore new possibilities in ecological monitoring, modeling, and its application in ecosystem analyses and biodiversity research.
A Comparative Analysis of Mental Health in Humayun Ahmed’s Nondito Noroke and Debi
Authors: Sadiqa Jissan Nabila
Published: December 2024

Humayun Ahmed is a prominent author from Bangladesh, widely read for his ability to blend surrealism within the boundaries of middle-class families in Asian households. Nondito Noroke (In Blissful Hell), was the first-ever work of the author published in the 1970s. The plot revolves around a lower-middle-class family struggling to make ends meet. Rabia, the twenty-two-year-old, female character is the eldest daughter of the family. She suffers from an unexplained mental disability that restrains her duties and allows her to lead a carefree life. Her carelessness ultimately pushes her to death while her family suffers from a deep personal loss that claims three lives. On the other hand, Debi (Goddess) portrays the psychic powers of Ranu, the seventeen-year-old protagonist suffering from Hysteria Schizophrenia. Her extraordinary sensory perceptions of hearing a voice without an external stimulus raise her to the position of a medium for “Debi” to communicate with the human world. This paper attempts to conduct a comparative analysis between Rabia and Ranu through the lens of feminist psychoanalysis and trauma theory, where the former is an oppressed and rejected individual who is constantly pulled apart by the expectation of the conventional society on the norms of gender roles. At the same time, the latter is idolised as a Goddess for her ability to foretell the future. The significance of this research lies in understanding the pattern of mental health in the context of women’s development from a South-Asian perspective.
Presentación vol. 15 Núm. 1 (2023) revista El Taller de la Historia
Authors: Solano Sergio Paolo
Published: December 2024

La revista El Taller de la Historia llega a la edición número 18, correspondiente al primer semestre del 2023. Esta entrega corresponde a la número siete desde que se semestralizó en el año 2020. Pese a las dificultades debido al incremento de la cantidad de revistas de historia en todo el mundo, muchas de ellas especializadas hasta por temas muy puntuales, El Taller de la Historia se ha mantenido con una alta calidad. De un total de 155 artículos publicados hasta el presente número, el 81,3 % corresponden a autores externos a la Universidad de Cartagena. Los nacionalidades de los autores son diversas:  estadounidenses, mexicanos, guatemaltecos, costarricenses, venezolanos, brasileros, peruanos, uruguayos, argentinos, chilenos, españoles y franceses
Creation Inspired by Music
Authors: Magyar Ágnes
Published: December 2024

This study reveals the preliminary results of a project involving pre-service preschool teachers (N=32). This investigation is relevant since it is crucial that students must benefit from tasks aimed at developing productive imagination during their preschool teacher training, as their future job is one of the professions that requires the most creativity within pedagogy. Accordingly, in the framework of the “Play in the Arts” course, the participants could experience the manifestation of their own creative imagination through a multi-step project. As a result, various unique products (drawings or paintings; stories; scenes of the stories visualised in plasticine; photos of scenes; photo slides etc.) were created. The results are related to the first phase of the project: creating associations inspired by music, then representing the created internal images and verbal associations as external images.
Production and Characterization of Semi-Quinolone Antibiotic Produced by Streptomyces Griseorubens
Authors:   National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Microbiology Department, Giza, Postcode 12553, Egypt, Abdulkhair Waleed M. , Alghuthaymi Mousa A. ,   Science and Humanities College, Shaqra, University, Biology Department, Shaqra, Postcode 15517, Saudi Arabia.
Published: December 2024

This work is an attempt to overcome antimicrobial resistance problem which dispersed worldwide in particular developing
countries due to misuse of antibiotics. Actinobacteria were isolated and screened against selected resistant Gram-negative bacteria
to detect the powerful antibacterial activity. Identification of the most potent actinobacterial isolate has been carried out using
classical and genetical methods. Antibacterial compound has been extracted, purified and characterized using accurate and
more specific techniques and instruments. Among forty actinobacterial isolates, only twenty-two isolates could inhibit the growth
of Gram-negative bacteria. The most potent isolate Eg-7 was identified as S. griseorubens, which has a typical 16S rRNA gene.
The antibacterial compound was extracted using ethyl acetate, and separated by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
using methanol and water as a mobile phase. Five active peaks were displayed and retained in the range 40 – 45 min, but the last
three peaks were retained at 41.90, 43.43, and 44.54 min, respectively. The crude extract was analyzed by liquid chromatography
mass spectrum, where the active peak was displayed at 721.325 m/z. The antibacterial compound was purified using flash column
chromatography and gel filtration column chromatography. The active fraction was analyzed by Infra-Red spectrum, where
a broad absorption at 3338 cm-1 was displayed. Molecular formula of an antibacterial compound was determined by mass
spectrum as C35H26N6O4. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis was carried out for an antibacterial compound. These results
suggest that a new antibacterial compound that similar quinolone could be produced by S. griseorubens and exhibited a higher
activity against Gram-negative bacteria.
Detection Mechanism and Principles of the Multinanozyme Systems as the New Generation of Nanozyme-Mediated Sensing Assays: A Critical Review
Authors:   Hormozi Laboratory of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Zabol 9861334367, Iran., Hormozi Jangi Saeed Reza
Published: December 2024

Nanozymes are defined as nanoscale materials with enzyme-like properties. Due to their higher stability and lower cost
than native enzymes, nanozymatic systems have been utilized for several practical applications, especially for sensing
and detection. Most of the common nanozymatic sensors are single-nanozyme-based systems, however, recently a new
generation of nanozyme-based systems called “multinanozyme system’ was introduced by Hormozi Jangi et al. (2020).
Since the first report of multinanozyme systems, several multinanozyme systems have been developed and utilized for
highly sensitive and selective sensing aims. The main advantages of multinanozyme systems compared of common singlenanozymatic sensors are their impact on simultaneous enhancing selectivity and sensitivity of detection systems along with
improving the kinetics performances of system via applying two nanozymes with identical enzyme mimic activity (e.g., two
peroxidase mimics) in a well-designed detection process. Since, the principles of design and detection mechanism of this
new generation is not well-described in the literature, the aim of this article is the fast review of the principles of design
of this new generation of nanozyme-based sensing and detection. Besides, the mechanism of the multinanozyme detection
system was also described and reviewed.
Impact of Pesticides Residues on Soil Bacterial Populations in Selected Communities of Ondo South, Nigeria
Authors:   Biological Sciences Department, Olusegun Agagu University of Science and Technology, Okitipupa, (OAUSTECH) Ondo State, Nigeria., I. A Adeyemo , R. B Adoide ,   Biological Sciences Department, Olusegun Agagu University of Science and Technology, Okitipupa, (OAUSTECH) Ondo State, Nigeria
Published: December 2024

Farmers use natural and synthetic pesticides to protect crops against rodents, insects, and disease-causing microbes.
With an increasing human population, large quantities of pesticides are used to control pests and increase food yields.
Pesticides have been linked to numerous environmental problems, including water, soil and air contaminations,
biodiversity loss, and pest resistance. Despite the known risks, farmers in most nations are increasing their pesticide use.
This study aims to evaluate the amount of pesticides in selected soil samples and its impact on the microbial population of
the soil. Soil samples from ten communities designated A to J were collected with soil auger from tillage and rooting depth
of plants (0 – 21cm) into sterile polytene bags in triplicates. Cultural, morphological and biochemical reactions were
used for bacterial identification, while Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used in the pesticide
analysis. In the control community (OAUSTECH), bacterial population range from 90.00 x 105
±0.00 cfu/g to 92.67x
105±0.58cfu/g across the eight locations while the population ranged from 16.67x105
±1.16 to 71.33 x 105
±1.16 in the
treatment communities. The bacterial number in the treatment communities differ significantly (P < 0.005) compared
to the control. For pesticide analysis, Endosulfan ether range from 0.01 ±0.006ppm to 0.04 ±0.006ppm; Dieldrin from
0.03±0.0012ppm to 0.05 ±0.0010ppm; a P-DDT from 0.03 ±0.0012ppm to 0.06±0.0025ppm and Endrin ketone from 1.20
±0.0037ppm to 2.06 ±0.015ppm. The results of this study, which show that pesticides negatively affect soil microbial
populations, validate and support current environmental concerns.