bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geometrical Objects as Properties of Sensibles: Aristotle’s Philosophy of Geometry
Authors: Katz Emily
Published: July 2019

There is little agreement about Aristotle’s philosophy of geometry, partly due to the textual evidence and partly part to disagreement over what constitutes a plausible view. I keep separate the questions ‘What is Aristotle’s philosophy of geometry?’ and ‘Is Aristotle right?’, and consider the textual evidence in the context of Greek geometrical practice, and show that, for Aristotle, plane geometry is about properties of certain sensible objects—specifically, dimensional continuity—and certain properties possessed by actual and potential compass-and-straightedge drawings qua quantitative and continuous. For their part, the objects of stereometry are potential sensible three-dimensional figures qua quantitative and continuous.
The Corrected Interpretations of the Five Classics (Wujing zhengyi) and the Tang Legacy of Obscure Learning (Xuanxue)
Authors: Bender Lucas Rambo
Published: July 2019

The Corrected Interpretations of the Five Classics (Wujing zhengyi) is a surprisingly neglected source for the study of medieval Chinese intellectual history. Often considered more of a political performance than an intellectual one, the series has been charged with heterogeneity in its attempt to put an end to the intellectual disputes of the period of division and to craft an orthodoxy for the nascent Tang dynasty. This paper will show, however, that the Zhengyi subcommentaries do articulate a coherent intellectual position with regard to a set of crucial questions about the cosmos, the ancient sages, and the culture that they inaugurated. Repurposing xuanxue arguments about the inherent obscurity of the dao and the cosmos, the Zhengyi argues that most of us cannot understand the source of normative values, and that therefore our only recourse is to limit our intellectual presumptions and follow the models provided by the ancient Sage Kings.
Host suitability of different wheat lines to Pratylenchus thornei under naturally infested field conditions in Turkey
Authors: Dababat Abdelfattah A. , Mokrini Fouad , Laasli Salah-Eddine , Yildiz Şenol , Erginbas-Orakci Gül , Duman Nagihan , Ímren Mustafa
Published: July 2019

The root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus thornei, attacks a wide range of crops and causes significant reductions in global grain production. Breeding programmes are currently restricted to using parents with moderate resistance to P. thornei as cereal cultivars with complete resistance are yet to be identified. This study evaluated 484 of CIMMYT’s spring wheat accessions for resistance to P. thornei of which 56 lines were pre-identified as resistant under controlled growth room conditions. These lines were further evaluated for their resistance and tolerance reactions under field conditions, where 14 accessions maintained their resistance and 16 were moderately resistant against P. thornei. Four lines gave excellent resistant and tolerance reactions to P. thornei. The relationship between the nematode reproduction factor (Pf/Pi) and wheat grain yield in field experiments fits a linear regression model. These findings could be useful for improving P. thornei resistance in wheat.
In vitro life cycle of Heterodera sacchari on Pluronic gel
Authors: Pokhare Somnath S. , Habash Samer S. , Jones John T. , Elashry Abdelnaser , Grundler Florian M.W.
Published: July 2019

This paper presents studies on the life cycle of Heterodera sacchari under in vitro conditions. Pluronic gel was used as a medium for growth of H. sacchari. The life cycle was completed in 7-9 weeks on rice (Oryza sativa, ‘Nipponbare’). After infection, juveniles developed and reached the reproducing adult female stage at 25 days post inoculation (dpi). At 35 dpi, all females produced eggs in various numbers. Some females were translucent and eggs inside could be counted. At 49 dpi females started to tan and developed into dark brown cysts. Hatching of H. sacchari juveniles from cysts could be stimulated by 3 mM ZnCl2 but not by rice root exudates. The in vitro culture of H. sacchari on Pluronic gel can be used efficiently to collect post-infective nematode/host samples at different time points for various studies and to screen different rice cultivars for resistance/susceptibility.
We-Synthesis
Authors: Rivera Joseph
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this paper is threefold: (1) To show the basic contours of transcendental subjectivity in the later work of Edmund Husserl, especially the Cartesian Meditations and the Crisis, and in the strictly phenomenological work of Michel Henry, especially Material Phenomenology; (2) to highlight Henry’s radical critique of Husserlian intersubjectivity and show that such critique, while valuable in its intention, is ultimately misguided because it neglects the important contribution Husserl’s complicated vocabulary of lifeworld makes to the study of intersubjectivity; and (3) to point toward a phenomenological conception of intersubjective practice we may call the realm of we-synthesis that prioritizes the first-person perspective rooted in empathy, which enables meaningful engagement with the second-person perspective. Working in conjunction with Husserl and Henry on the phenomenological conception of shared life enables the recuperation of the fragile line between subjectivity and intersubjectivity.
Hope Springs Eternal: Reforming Inheritance Law in Islamic Societies
Authors: Souaiaia Ahmed
Published: July 2019

Soon after the Lajnat al-Hurriyāt al-Fardiyya wa-l-Musāwāt (“Committee on Individual Rights and Equality”) submitted its report in June 2018 to the president of Tunisia, Beji Caid Essebsi, the latter ordered the legislature to amend the 1956 family law to achieve equality between men and women in inheritance and property rights. Although the authors of the report had written forcefully about how Islamic texts (the Qurʾan and sunna) are compatible with modern law, some of their recommendations suggested a broad inclination to reform the law outside religious tradition and as part of the exigencies of the civil state. These events and ideas brought to the fore questions such as whether classical Islamic law is reformable or obsolete. This paper aims to show that interpretations of Islamic texts that result in radically different inheritance laws have existed since at least the third Islamic century. Inequality has persisted always for political and institutional reasons, not substantive ones.
Adjective-Noun combinations in Romance and Greek of Southern Italy
Authors: Guardiano Cristina , Stavrou Melita
Published: July 2019

This paper investigates aspects of adjectival modification in Romance and Greek of Southern Italy. In Italiot Greek, prenominal adjectives obey restrictions that do not exist in Standard Modern Greek, where all types of adjectives are allowed in prenominal position. As far as postnominal adjectives are concerned, in the textual tradition of Calabria Greek there is evidence of postnominal adjectives systematically articulated in definite nominal structures (henceforth DP s), in a structure similar to the so-called polydefinite construction that is typical of Standard Modern Greek (and of Greek in general since ancient times). Some residual evidence of such a construction is also found in Salento. Yet, in the varieties currently spoken in the two areas, postnominal adjectives are never articulated. The paper explores these patterns, with particular attention to the mechanisms potentially responsible for the loss of polydefiniteness.
Power and Salvation: Between Sāmī Šawkat and Ḥasan al-Bannā
Authors: Hatina Meir
Published: July 2019

This article focuses on a comparative discussion of Arab secular and Islamic perceptions of power in the interwar period (1919-39), analyzing the writings of two key figures, namely Sāmī Šawkat, who was a vocal protagonist of Arab unity in Iraq, and Ḥasan al-Bannā, who founded the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt. A comparative perspective reveals marked similarities between the two authors. Both advocated commitment to the nation and opposition to imperialism, and both positioned education as the focal point of their approach, fostering a glorious legacy and the exaltation of sacrifice.
‘Wer Socinianische Bücher sucht, findet sie bey ihm am ehesten’
Authors: van Vliet Rietje
Published: July 2019

The microhistory of the Amsterdam-based Sebastiaan Petzold († 1704) demonstrates that in the Early Modern Period booksellers without a network were hardly able to manage professionally in the Republic of Letters. Petzold relied especially on patronage from Socinianist circles. The Socinian theologian Samuel Crellius (1660-1747) saw to it that Petzold was able to publish three highly controversial Socinian works, including the notorious Platonisme devoilé (1700). Petzold was also introduced to some prominent English booksellers thanks to Crell, which provided him with access to the international market. Another patron was the Berlin court preacher Daniel Ernst Jablonski (1660-1741), who recommended Petzold to Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. In Amsterdam the literary society ‘In Magnis Voluisse Sat Est’ commissioned Petzold to publish the complete works of Lucretius, an Epicurean work which was a favourite in anti-clerical circles. In spite of this support, in the end Petzold was besieged by creditors, instead of authors thronging at his door.
Complementarianism and Egalitarianism—Whose Side Are You Leaning On?
Authors: Archer Melissa , Archer Kenneth J.
Published: July 2019

With the growing acceptance of same-sex marriage among Christian communities and the increasing concern of the influence of the LGBTQIA communities upon politics, there has been a resurgent concern to reaffirm “male headship” for church, state and marriage. Emphasizing so-called biblical gendered roles has become a way to argue against feminism and same-sex marriage. Along with the resurgence of the traditional understanding of divine order as patriarchy comes an undermining of women in leadership roles, especially in ministry. Pentecostals generally have been more liberal (challenging the tradition of patriarchy as related to ministry) than conservative (maintaining that females should be silent in church and subject to male authority) regarding females in ministry. In this article we will state fairly and accurately the two contemporary positions—complementarian and egalitarian—by drawing primarily from their official websites and key theologians, and then present a pentecostal reading/hearing of Ephesians 5:21–33. We will exegetically engage the passage and then raise important questions concerning these understandings in light of a pentecostal hermeneutical perspective that privileges Luke-Acts, especially Acts 2. The goal will be to understand the passage and then move toward a pentecostal egalitarian understanding of humanity and society, thus affirming the beauty and dignity of female and male without affirming the hierarchical position of patriarchy or matriarchy.
Litigating Climate Change under Part XII of the LOSC
Authors: Boyle Alan
Published: July 2019

Inter-state litigation is a weapon employed by weaker states with limited diplomatic leverage over their bigger, more powerful opponents. An authoritative judgment may facilitate a settlement of some kind, whether directly, by further negotiation, or simply by legitimising the claims made. The LOSC was negotiated at a time when climate change was not yet part of the international agenda; however, it must be interpreted and applied with subsequent developments in international law and policy in mind. The harmful, toxic, and persistent effects of climate change more than satisfy the test for marine pollution established by Article 1 of LOSC. Part XII applies to climate change insofar as it has or is likely to have deleterious effects on the marine environment. This article will discuss the role that Part XII of LOSC may play in enforcing states’ obligations to protect and preserve the marine environment from the effects of climate change.
The Vexed Question of the Voluntary Patient
Authors: Davidson Hope
Published: July 2019

The current statutory framework in Ireland provides certain key safeguards for people who are admitted involuntarily for mental health treatment and care; the same legislation makes scant reference to the person who seeks treatment and care on a voluntary basis. This has led to concerns in relation to deprivation of liberty and to non-consensual medical treatment for these patients. This article seeks to examine the development of the law in relation to voluntary patients in Ireland and to assess in light of recent developments where Ireland now stands in terms of protecting the right of the voluntary patient to liberty.
The Europeanization of the Criminal Proceedings in the Republic of Croatia through the Implementation of the Directive 2013/48/EU
Authors: Novokmet Ante
Published: July 2019

The Act on Amendments to the Criminal Procedure Act (NN 70/2017) introduced, into the Croatian legal system, the Directive 2013/48/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2013 on the right of access to a lawyer in criminal proceedings and European arrest warrant proceedings as well as the right to have a third party informed upon deprivation of liberty and to communicate with third persons and with consular authorities while deprived of liberty. This paper contains the analysis of the nomotechnical solutions after the implementation of the Directive 2013/48/EU in the Republic of Croatia. In addition, particular attention has been given to the new substantive term of the suspect and its practical implications in different stages of the Croatian criminal procedure with special reference to effects and perception of the implementation of the Directive 2013/48/EU in Croatian criminal procedure. The paper criticizes some domestic legal solutions and offer different approach, with respect to the trends that have been noticed after amendment of the Croatian Criminal Procedure Act.
Negotiated Criminal Justice and EU Directives on Procedural Rights
Authors: Torre Jacopo Della
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study is to discuss the topic of plea negotiations in criminal procedures from a European perspective. The first part of the paper weighs up the advantages and disadvantages of the recent massive spread of negotiated justice in Europe and discusses the best way to reduce the risks involved with this phenomenon. The second part sets out to illustrate how the first EU Directives, adopted under Article 82 tfeu, have contributed to fairer legal institutions based on negotiations and agreements. The final part of the paper casts a glance at the future, and considers whether it would be appropriate for European institutions to adopt minimum standards on negotiated criminal justice.
Charting ‘Wilderness’ (araṇya) in Brahmanical and Buddhist Texts
Authors: Visigalli Paolo
Published: July 2019

The essay demonstrates the longevity and pervasiveness of Indic and Indic-derived etymological analyses (nirvacana) across literary traditions, in Sanskrit, Pāli, and Chinese. To exemplify different indigenous approaches to etymology, the essay explores emic analyses of the word araṇya ‘wilderness’. It traces the analyses found in Chāndogya Upaniṣad (8.5) and in the works of the etymologists (Nirukta) and grammarians (vyākaraṇa; uṇādisūtra). It also considers Paramārtha’s nirvacana-inspired analysis of Chinese alianruo 阿練若 (araṇya), and identifies a similar analysis in Aggavaṃsa’s Saddanīti. The essay shows etymological analyses’ sophistication and variety of purposes.
Patristics and Sociolinguistics
Authors: Hovorun Cyril
Published: July 2019

The paper suggests a new hermeneutical take on receptive patristics. Receptive patristics means here the ways in which patristic texts are perceived in the community of patristic scholars and in ecclesiastical communities. The perceptions of the patristic materials that these two kinds of communities demonstrate are not always convergent. Their divergence can be explained on the basis of the distinction between normative linguistics and sociolinguistics. Ecclesiastical communities tend to treat the language of the Fathers and Mothers of the church in coherence with the way in which the proponents of normative linguistics treat the phenomenon of language. Patristic scholars, in contrast, usually treat them along the line of sociolinguistics. The approach to the language, which is applied by sociolinguistics, if adopted by ecclesiastical communities, could lead to a better understanding between them. It could foster the ecumenical rapprochement between confessional traditions, especially if they are based on patristic identities, such as in the case of Byzantine and Oriental churches. The academic method of sociolinguistics, thus, can be applied to the ecumenical studies and can positively contribute to practical ecumenism.
The Conditional Fallacy and the Self-Thwarting Fallacy in Keith Lehrer’s Epistemology
Authors: Shope Robert K.
Published: July 2019

Analytic philosophers need to distinguish between what has been called the conditional fallacy and what might be called the self-thwarting fallacy. The paper explores the difference by illustrating how its neglect has obscured the evolution of Keith Lehrer’s theory of knowledge. The paper also considers how attending to the distinction helps to reveal new critical concerns regarding Lehrer’s treatment of knowing.
Syllable structure and complex onsets in Modern Hebrew
Authors: Asherov Daniel , Bat-El Outi
Published: July 2019

Modern Hebrew allows for a diverse variety of syllable structures, allowing syllables with codas, onsetless syllables, and complex syllable margins. Syllables with a complex onset are found in word initial position, mostly in nouns, and syllables with a complex coda are less common. In this paper, we provide the distribution of syllable types in Modern Hebrew, noting differences between verbs and nouns, native words and loanwords, as well as differences among positions within the word. Special attention is given to word initial complex onsets, with details regarding the restrictions governing consonant combinations.
Shifting from Autonomous Weapons to Military Networks
Authors: Van Rompaey Léonard
Published: July 2019

The persistent anthropomorphism of lethal autonomous weapons systems (laws) as the replacement for human soldiers creates irrelevant expectations of physical embodiment and cognitive individualization. This anthropomorphism taints the analysis and discussions on the adaptation of international humanitarian law (ihl) by excluding relevant technologies from the scope of discussions.

Shifting from laws to a network-centric sociotechnical systems perspective allows to remedy the under inclusiveness of the laws perspective by shifting away from the salient features of laws, in favour of a focus on the interactions with, and influence that the technology has on human decision-making in warfare. By criticizing the relevance of the technological focus of the current diplomatic process, the paper argues that the network-centric perspective is not only more accurate, but also more helpful and practical in adapting ihl to the armed conflicts of the twenty-first century.
Beyond Performance Indicators: Reforming Higher Education Evaluation Systems to Promote Improvement
Authors: McCormick Alexander C.
Published: July 2019

As higher education attainment has become increasingly essential for both individual socioeconomic outcomes and the economic competitiveness of nation-states, and as the cost of financing the higher education enterprise continues to rise, university quality has become an urgent concern for students, families, and policy makers around the globe. The widespread interest in assessing university quality manifests itself in the rise of global rankings (Hazelkorn, 2015) and the increasing use of so-called performance indicators by government agencies. This paper focuses on the latter phenomenon. The first part of the paper examines the benefits and limitations of higher education performance indicators as conventionally implemented, and the second part advances a set of suggestions to address these shortcomings by adapting performance systems to represent and incentivize evidence-informed improvement efforts.
Jewish Languages in Bosnia and Herzegovina: The Promise and Reality of the Language Rights Protection Regime
Authors: Abramac Gabi
Published: July 2019

The European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (1992) seeks to protect and promote regional and minority languages in Europe. The objectives and principles defined by the Charter include the recognition of regional and minority languages as cultural assets. The Charter also commits the signatories to promote the study of, and research on, regional and minority languages. Bosnia and Herzegovina signed the Charter in 2005 and officially ratified it in 2010, applying it to seventeen regional and minority languages including Ladino and Yiddish. This paper examines the disparity between the obligations entered into and the actual state of affairs. It also investigates the linguistic repertoire and language ideologies of the Jewish community in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the extent and nature of its interest in revitalizing Ladino.
Tradition, Modernity and Utopia in Muṣṭafà Luṭfī al-Manfalūṭī’s Madīnat al-Saʿādah
Authors: Lauri Marco
Published: July 2019

Utopian and dystopian writing does not generally belong to the established canon of Modern Arabic prose, which is largely founded upon realism. However, utopian elements appear with relative frequency in the Nahḍawī literary output, as testified by early texts such as Faransīs Marāš’ Ġābat al-Ḥaqq, Faraḥ Anṭūn’s al-Dīn wa-l-ʿilm wa-l-māl and Muṣṭafà Luṭfī al-Manfalūṭī’s Madīnat al-Saʿādah. Utopian concepts in these and other similar works are deployed to introduce ideas and debates of modernity to their Arab readers, in a context where entrenched views on how social life should be organized were under deep scrutiny.

Utopian writing is concerned with debating and challenging social organizations. While it is sometimes regarded as typical of a Western Modern “critical” tradition of thought, in which it came to be codified into a specific literary genre, most of its features appear in pre-modern literatures as well. This is particularly unsurprising in Islamicate contexts, whose literature and philosophy have been in continuous mutual exchange with the “West” and share with it both Classical (Hellenic) and Abrahamic foundations.

I argue that, in the Nahḍah context, utopian writing could have provided an instrument to convey selected “modern” ideas and writing styles while consciously melding them with the local Arabic traditions. This paper analyzes Manfalūṭī’s short story Madīnat al-Saʿādah (The City of Happiness), one of the earliest examples of Nahḍawī utopian writing by a Muslim writer. I show that in displaying, as already known, marked references to the Classical Arabic literary tradition, while incorporating, engaging, and selectively suggesting several ideas central to Western discussions on modernity, this short story exemplifies the richness of Nahḍawī reflection.
Fluctuating Genres and the Emergence of New Voices from Within: The Uncanny of the Voyage through Time in Some Egyptian Narratives
Authors: Barbaro Ada
Published: July 2019

The Cultural Nahḍah age (Arab Renaissance) has represented, throughout the Arab world, the speculative axis on which to reflect on cultural modernity, inaugurating a process that, in some ways, is still ongoing. From a purely literary point of view, it has been characterized by the progress of new and increasingly varied genres. This article focuses on two works by Naǧīb Maḥfūẓ (1911–2006) and Muṣṭafà Maḥmūd (1921–2009). Both the writers use the narrative device of the voyage in Time that reveals the original commingling of realistic observations and dreamlike fantasies. In this way, the reader is encouraged to meditate on the presence of two principles that exist within modern Arabic literature: the hybrid character that fluctuates among more or less canonised genres, and the marginal nature of some works that were relegated to the margins by the academic environment. Neither represent limits, but rather supplementary qualities whose specificity in relation to the Arab world deserve to be investigated.
Andrea Pozzo and the Jesuit “Theatres” of the Seventeenth Century
Authors: Horn Andrew
Published: July 2019

Considered within the context of Jesuit theatre and liturgy, and within the broader culture of spectacle and ritual in the era of Counter-Reform, the works of art and architecture commissioned by the Jesuits in the seventeenth century can be read as “theatres” of religious performance. This concept is given an ideal case study in the work of Jesuit artist Andrea Pozzo (1642–1709). In this essay I present Pozzo’s work within the context of ritual and prayer for which it was produced, focusing on two of his religious scenographies and two of his lesser-known painting projects. As I consider their use of allegory, emblems and symbols, visual narratives, spatial illusions, and architecture, I argue that both the scenographies and the permanent church decorations achieve persuasion through the engagement of the observer as a performer in a ritual involving both internal and external performance.
Raskolnikov’s Breaking the Law
Authors: Morillas Jordi
Published: July 2019

In this article we analyse the Marxist interpretation of F. M. Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment. Although Raskolnikov’s worldview may share some features with a socialist point of view, the hero of Dostoevsky’s first novel of ideas represents a complete ideological antithesis to Socialism. Thanks to a careful analysis of Raskolnikov’s utterances and with the help of Merezhkovsky’s reading of the novel, we conclude that if there is a Dostoevsky novel which resists a Socialist understanding, then this novel is Crime and Punishment.
Toward an Institutional Theory of Community and Community Associations: a Review
Authors: Milofsky Carl
Published: July 2019

This article argues the position that the symbolic sense of community is a product of action by associations and larger community-based organizations. It draws on a theory from urban sociology called “the community of limited liability.” In the past this theory, first articulated by Morris Janowitz, has mostly been used to argue that residents living in a local neighborhood feel a sense of identification with that area to the extent that the symbolism of that neighborhood has been developed. This article extends Janowitz’s theory to apply to local associations and their efforts to create activities, movements, and products that encourage residents to expand their sense of symbolic attachment to a place. We argue that this organizational method has long been used by local associations but it has not been recognized as an organizational theory. Because associations have used this approach over time, communities have a historical legacy of organizing and symbol creating efforts by many local associations. Over time they have competed, collaborated, and together developed a collective vision of place. They also have created a local interorganizational field and this field of interacting associations and organizations is dense with what we call associational social capital. Not all communities have this history of associational activity and associational social capital. Where it does exist, the field becomes an institutionalized feature of the community. This is what we mean by an institutional theory of community.
Catholic Parish-based Youth Ministers: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Rymarz Richard
Published: July 2019

Eleven youth ministers working in Catholic parishes in two large urban dioceses were interviewed. The paper examined the life journey of youth ministers and how they saw their role along with perceptions of challenges and how they could be better supported. Participants were motivated and expressed satisfaction with their jobs. They displayed high levels of religious salience as marked by their religious belief and practice and networking with faith-based communities. They manifested a strong counter-cultural message which is essential to authentic witness. As such, the participants in this study are a great gift to the Church and to its ministry. A preliminary typology of youth ministers was proposed, which springs from different life experiences, how they approach their work and what they see as their future. There was some difficulty in finding paid youth ministers working in parishes and this may point to one of the significant challenges facing them; that is, making the job sustainable within existing Catholic parish structures. While well-networked with sustaining faith communities, there is scope for support between youth ministers working in parishes. In addition, a more targeted professional development program which recognises the differing needs of youth ministers would be appropriate.
Social and Legal Barriers to Improving Human Rights of Climate Change Displaced People in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Abdul Awal
Published: July 2019

It is estimated that between 2008 and 2014, 4.7 million people were displaced due to natural disasters in Bangladesh and that by 2050, one in every seven people in Bangladesh will be displaced by climate change. The subject matter of this paper is based on a theoretical analysis of various existing social and legal barriers relating to climate displacement in Bangladesh. This article critically analyses the social and legal barriers to helping Climate Change Displaced People (cdp) by drawing on existing legal literature such as the Bangladeshi constitution and qualitative data from Bangladesh’s experience with cdp. Ultimately, this article corroborates the lack of a coherent human rights framework for cdp in Bangladesh and suggests international cooperation as a first step towards a functioning regime.
Psychology and Religion within an Ideological Surround
Authors: Watson Paul J.
Published: July 2019

For over three decades, an Ideological Surround Model (ISM) has pursued theoretical and methodological innovations designed to enhance the ‘truth’ and ‘objectivity’ of research into psychology and religion. The foundational argument of the ISM is that psychology as well as religion unavoidably operates within the limits of an ideological surround. Methodological theism, therefore, needs to supplement the methodological atheism that dominates the contemporary social sciences. Methodological theism should operationalize the meaningfulness of religious traditions and demonstrate empirically that the influences of ideology cannot be ignored. The ISM more generally suggests that contemporary social scientific rationalities need to be supplemented my more complex dialogical rationalities. Beliefs in secularization should also be supplemented by beliefs in trans-rationality.
The Turkic-Mongolic Lexical Relationship in View of the Leipzig–Jakarta List
Authors: Erdal Marcel
Published: July 2019

The controversy around the question of whether the so-called “Altaic” language groups are genetically related has again flared up during the recent years, with some scholars pointing at verbal morphology as the most promising base for “proving” such a relationship. However, much of the data quoted in this connection is controversial, and many of the actual parallels are clearly due to borrowing between the two language groups.

While it is a fact that Turkic and Mongolic varieties have undergone processes of phonic, morphological and syntactic convergence throughout their documented history, the issue of original “relationship” can best be approached on the basis of lexical data. The present paper is an attempt at an objective review of the lexical parallels between Turkic and Mongolic in the realm of basic vocabulary, as defined in terms of the Leipzig-Jakarta List. The result shows that the proportion of even potentially shared vocabulary items between the two language groups is too insignificant to justify the postulation of any genetic connection.
The Khitan Names of the Five Capitals
Authors: Róna-Tas András
Published: July 2019

This paper surveys the Khitan names of the so-called “Five Capitals” of the Liao empire (907–1125). In this connection, the lexemes denoting the compass points (north, south, east, west) and related expressions of orientation (right, left, centre) are examined in the light of the information supplied by the relevant historical context and the extant corpus of Khitan Small Script texts. In addition, the dynastic name of the Liao empire is also discussed. The discussion reveals several previously unobserved details of linguistic, philological, historical, and cultural interest, and allows the Khitan system of orientation to be placed in the general context of comparative Mongolic studies.
A Sketch of the Earliest Mongolic Language: the Brāhmī Bugut and Khüis Tolgoi Inscriptions
Authors: Vovin Alexander
Published: July 2019

The present article deals with the earliest known sources on a Mongolic language discovered in 2014 by the international team Dieter Maue (Germany), Mehmet Ölmez (Turkey), Étienne de La Vaissière and Alexander Vovin (both France) on two inscriptions. The importance of this discovery is three-fold: first, it gives us a glimpse of the earliest Mongolic language, predating by more than six hundred years the hitherto known earliest monument in a Mongolic language; second, in spite of the fact that the language of the inscriptions is somewhat close to Middle Mongolian, it provides the evidence of certain features that were previously only suggested for reconstructed forms of Mongolic; and finally, it significantly changes our general understanding of the mediaeval ethnolinguistic history of Central Asia.
The availability, authorships and dates of tribal names in the Sigmodontinae (Rodentia, Cricetidae) current classification

Authors: CAZZANIGA NÉSTOR J. , CAÑÓN CAROLA , PARDIÑAS ULYSES F.J.
Published: July 2019

Sigmodontinae, a diverse subfamily including 106 genera of American Rodents, is currently divided in eleven tribes that still need to be refined based on recently generated phylogenetic hypotheses. Several published names of tribes do not conform to one or more Rules of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. In particular, the first arrangement of Sigmodontinae genera in tribes has been overlooked, the different requirements for availability of names proposed before 1931 and after 1930 were not taken into account for at least five names, the requirement that a family-group name be used as valid in the publication where proposed, and the unavailability of names proposed conditionally after 1960 were also ignored on several occasions. Our analysis tries to disclose and fix such nomenclatural problems keeping current usage as much as possible. A new name is proposed for a tribe that currently has been designated only by an unavailable name.
Review of Campsicnemus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) of the Marquesas, French Polynesia, with description of four new species groups
Authors: EVENHUIS NEAL L.
Published: July 2019

The Marquesan species of Campsicnemus are reviewed and four new species groups: the gladiator group (Marquesan gladiator flies), the aa group (Marquesan vowel flies), the englundi group (Marquesan silly-walk flies), and the hihiroa group (Marquesan eyelash flies) are defined. Twelve new species are described and illustrated: Campsicnemus gladiator Evenhuis, n. sp. (gladiator group); C. aa Evenhuis, n. sp., C. ee Evenhuis, n. sp., C. ii Evenhuis, n. sp., C. oo Evenhuis, n. sp., C. uu Evenhuis, n. sp. (all in the aa group); C. englundi Evenhuis, n. sp.; C. cheesmanae Evenhuis, n. sp., C. plautus Evenhuis, n. sp.; (all in the englundi group); C. dytei Evenhuis, n. sp., C. hihiroa Evenhuis, n. sp., C. taratara Evenhuis, n. sp. (all in the hihiroa group). A key to all known French Polynesian species groups of Campsicnemus and to species within each species group in the Marquesas are given.
A checklist of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica: Additions and nomenclatural revisions
Authors: SAVAGE JAY M. , BOLAÑOS FEDERICO
Published: July 2019

A list of amphibians and reptiles of Costa Rica is actualized. A total of 425 species (190 amphibians and 235 reptiles) are recognized.
Description of three new species of Tardigrada from the Seychelles
Authors: PILATO GIOVANNI , LISI OSCAR
Published: July 2019

In the context of the project “The Nature Protection Trust of Seychelles”, three species new to science are described: Calcarobiotus (Calcarobiotus) parvicalcar sp. n., Macrobiotus modestus sp. n., and Itaquascon pisoniae sp. n. Calcarobiotus (Calcarobiotus) parvicalcar sp. n. differs from the other species of the genus in having very small basal spurs of the claws; from some of them also in lacking eyes or in metric characters of placoids or claws. Macrobiotus modestus sp. n. has a very simple buccal armature (only three thin transverse ventral ridges are present and the three dorsal ridges are joined together forming a single transverse dorsal arc), and a long and narrow buccal tube with stylet supports inserted at 67–70 % of its length. It differs from the most similar species, Macrobiotus humilis and Macrobiotus madegassus, in some characteristics of bucco-pharyngeal apparatus and eggs. Itaquascon pisoniae sp. n. has the buccal tube slightly longer than the pharyngeal tube (pbf index = 54–55), pharyngeal apophyses and placoids are absent, a very faint cuticular bar near the internal claws of the first three pairs of claws, and no cuticular thickenings on the hind legs. It differs from the most similar species of the genus, Itaquascon placophorum, in having a smooth cuticle, shorter claws, in lacking placoid and the cuticular bar between the claws of the hind legs. Including this study, 30 species are recorded in the Seychelles, 15 of which are currently considered endemic for that archipelago.
Redescription of the type species of Strandesia Stuhlmann, 1888 and Cypricercus Sars, 1895 (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Cypricercinae), with a description of a new species of Cypricercus from South Africa
Authors: SAVATENALINTON SUKONTHIP , MARTENS KOEN
Published: July 2019

We redescribe Cypricercus cuneatus Sars, 1895 and Strandesia mercatorum (Vavra, 1895), type species of their genera, in order to reassess the taxonomic position of species in Cypricercus s.l. and Strandesia s.l., as well as to clarify the distinction between Cypricercus s.s. and Strandesia s.s. The morphology, taxonomy and zoogeography of these two genera are discussed. Strandesia amati (Martens, 1984) is synonymised with Strandesia lineata Victor & Fernando, 1981. Strandesia trispinosa galantis Broodbakker, 1983 becomes a synonym of the nominotypical form. Cypricercus inermis (Brady, 1904) is herewith redescribed and reinstated as a valid species, not synonymous to the type species of the genus as was previously thought. One Cypricercus (C. salinus De Deckker, 1981) and eleven Strandesia (S. crassa Klie, 1939, S. dani George & Martens, 1993, S. decorata (Sars, 1903), S. lineata Victor & Fernando, 1981, S. parva Hartmann, 1964, S. tolimensis Roessler, 1990, S. trichurensis Victor et al., 1980, S. trispinosa (Pinto & Purper, 1965), S. tuberculata Hartmann, 1964, S. umbonata Victor & Fernando, 1981, S. weberi (Moniez, 1892)) are allocated to Bradleystrandesia. Cypricercus mongolicus Daday, 1909 is transferred to Eucypris. Cypricercus xhosa sp. nov. is here described from South Africa. We also propose a conservative list of species belonging to Cypricercus s.s. and Strandesia s.s.
Species of the genus Cestrotus Loew from China (Diptera: Lauxaniidae)
Authors: LI SHI , YANG DING , GAIMARI STEPHEN D.
Published: July 2019

The Chinese fauna of the genus Cestrotus Loew (Diptera: Lauxaniidae) is revised, including the five new species Cestrotus acuticurvus sp. nov., Cestrotus heteropterus sp. nov., Cestrotus liui sp. nov., Cestrotus longinudus sp. nov. and Cestrotus obtusus sp.nov., and the two previously described species Cestrotus apicalis (Hendel) and Cestrotus flavoscutellatus de Meijere. Extralimital records are also given for Cestrotus flavoscutellatus and Cestrotus heteropterus, including paratypes of the latter species from Thailand. A key to the species of Cestrotus from China is presented, and a list of all described species of Cestrotus is provided, with information on type locality, primary type specimen(s) and depository, synonymy, and distribution.
Pseudodindymus, a new subgenus of Dindymus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae) from the Oriental Region
Authors: STEHLÍK JAROSLAV L.
Published: July 2019

Pseudodindymus subgen. nov., a new subgenus of Dindymus Stål, 1861, currently including nine species, is described and compared with the four extant subgenera of the genus. Dindymus (Pseudodindymus) sandakan sp. nov. from Malaysia: Sabah is described, and D. (P.) pulcher Stål, 1863 from Philippines, previously synonymized with D. (P.) albicornis (Fabricius, 1803), is resurrected as valid species. A review of the Pseudodindymus species and their distribution is given.
Revision of the genus Epexochus Reitter, with description of three new species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Lixinae: Cleonini)
Authors: MEREGALL MASSIMO , TALAMELLI FABIO
Published: July 2019

The genus Epexochus Reitter is revised, its morphological characters are defined and the differences from the most closely related genera, Leucochromus Motschulsky and Eurycleonus Bedel, are outlined. All the populations of Epexochus from Kazakhstan and north-western China (Xinjiang) are referred to a single species, E. lehmanni (Ménétries). The status of Exochus latus Chevrolat is discussed and its name is formally synonymised with lehmanni. According to Art. 45.6.4.1 of the ICZN (1999), the name lehmanni var. consobrinus Faust, originally proposed for a colour variant and misidentified by Ter-Minasyan, is deemed to be subspecific and thus a synonym of lehmanni. Three new species are described in the genus: E. korotyaevi sp. n. (type locality: southern Tajikistan, Shaar-tuz region), characterised by the pronotum curved towards the elytra and by slender, lanceolate scales; E. voriseki sp. n. (type locality: central Uzbekistan, Gazli), characterised by small size, only slightly convex elytra and long hair-like setae, and E. mongolicus sp. n. (type locality: western Mongolia, Kobdoskij Aimak), characterised by large size, convex elytra with flat intervals and an elongate lamella of the aedeagus.
A new species of scaly blenny of the genus Labrisomus (Actinopterygii: Labrisomidae) from the tropical West Atlantic
Authors: SAZIMA IVAN , CARVALHO-FILHO ALFREDO , GASPARINI JOÃO LUIZ , SAZIMA CRISTINA
Published: July 2019

A new species of scaly blenny, Labrisomus conditus sp. n., is described from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, off northeastern Brazil. It differs from its Western Atlantic congeners by the following combination of characters: nuchal cirri when depressed not reaching dorsal-fin origin, 68 to 73 lateral line scales, first and second dorsal-fin spines slightly shorter than third spine and not flexible, numerous pale dots overall (light blue in life), opercular dark spot with incomplete and diffuse broad pale margin (orange in life). The new species is a territorial bottom-dweller in rocky shores and is found among algae and in crevices at depths from 0.5 to 6 m. Labrisomus conditus sp. n. feeds mostly on crustaceans (crabs, amphipods) and molluscs (snails, bivalves). The new species increases to five the species within the genus Labrisomus recorded from Southwestern Atlantic.
Type specimens of beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera) at the museo entomológico Francisco Luís Gallego, Medellín, Colombia
Authors: SEPÚLVEDA-CANO PAULA A. , RAMÍREZ-MORA MANUEL A.
Published: July 2019

Type specimens are the most scientifically valuable specimens of the natural history collections, and are very important to because they represent standards of reference that provide objectivity in scientific nomenclature (IZCN, 1999). In consideration of the recommendation 72F.4 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, which indicates that the type lists should be published, we provide a list of the species of Coleoptera with types housed in the Museo Entomológico Francisco Luis Gallego (MEFLG). The MEFLG collection originated in 1937 at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín is the most important insect collection of the northeastern region of Colombia. This museum contains nearly 200,000 specimens of which about 50,000 represent the order Coleoptera, a majority of them are pinned adults and some are immature stages conserved in a liquid medium. The Coleoptera have been identified to subfamily and genus, and some to species level. Almost all of them were collected in Antioquia state, and others are from different localities in Colombia or are donations by foreign institutions.
Two new diminutive species of Cnemaspis Strauch 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: GRISMER L. LEE , AHMAD NORHAYATI , ONN CHAN KIN , BELABUT DAICUS , M.A MUIN , WOOD, JR. PERRY L. , GRISMER JESSE L.
Published: July 2019

Two new diminutive species of Cnemaspis are described from Peninsular Malaysia. Cnemaspis monachorum sp. nov. is a karst-dwelling species endemic to Pulau Langkawi, Kedah and is the smallest species of Southeast Asian Cnemaspis to date. Cnemaspis pseudomcguirei sp. nov. is a montane species known only from Bukit Larut, Perak in the Bintang Mountain Range and is very similar in appearance to the considerably larger, sympatric species C. mcguirei. Evidence supporting a working hypothesis of resource partitioning between sympatric species pairs of Cnemaspis on the basis of size and microhabitat preference is presented.
Morphology and distribution of the acorn barnacle Tetraclita reni nom. nov. (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in Madagascar and adjacent waters
Authors: CHAN BENNY KWOK KAN , HSU CHIH-HSIUNG , TSAI PEI-CHEN
Published: July 2019

In Madagascan waters, both Tetraclita rufotincta Pilsbry 1916 and T. africana Ren 1989 have been reported. Tetraclita rufotincta is more widely distributed than T. africana, extending to the western Indian Ocean and east Africa. Tetraclita africana is reported from Madagascar and no further distribution record has been made apart from its type locality. Both species have pink parietes and are similar in size, which could lead to identification confusion. In this study, we revealed that T. africana differed from T. rufotincta in having multicuspidate setae on cirrus III, a feature that can be observed with both light microscopy and SEM. Additionally, the tergum of T. africana has a rounded spur and a larger basi-scutal angle than that of T. rufotincta. However, since the name Tetraclita africana has been pre-occupied under the name Tesseropora (Tetraclita) wireni africana Nilsson-Cantell, 1932, we, therefore, propose herein a replacement name, Tetraclita reni nom. nov. Based on museum specimens examined, Tetraclita reni nom. nov. is present in northeastern and southern Madagascar and Mauritius but absent from Yemen, Kenya, South Africa, Aldabra and northwestern Madagascar, suggesting the distribution of T. reni nom. nov. could be confined to the south and northeast of Madagascar and adjacent waters.
First Gambian Ricinulei (Arachnida: Ricinoididae): northernmost African record for the order
Authors: PENNEY DAVID , MARUSIK YURI , WHEATER C. PHILIP , LANGAN A. MARK
Published: July 2019

Ricinulei is an arachnid order of great antiquity with fossils of the extinct families Curculioididae and Poliocheridae known from the Pennsylvanian (c. 300Ma) of Europe and North America (Selden 1992). However, extant species (Ricinoididae) are known only from Africa (Ricinoides) and South and Central America (Cryptocellus and Pseudocellus), with species of the latter genus extending northwards to Mexico and Texas (Naskrecki 2008).