bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran Petugas Kesehatan dan Ketersediaan Air Bersih dalam Kepemilikan Jamban di Kampung Wainlabat Kabupaten Sorong
Authors: Siagian Jenni Lilis. S , Su Hansen Maikel
Published: August 2021

Ketersediaan jamban yang baik dikeluarga dapat memberikan dampak positif yakni meningkatkan status kesehatan masyarakat dan dampak negatifnya adalah menjadi sumber penularan penyakit infeksi. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis hubungan peran petugas kesehatan dan ketersediaan air bersih dengan kepemilikan jamban di Kampung Wainlabat Kabupaten Sorong. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh kepala keluarga di Kampung Wainlabat sebanyak 42 KK, sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan lembar observasi. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi square. Hasil penelitian diperoleh responden dengan ketersediaan air bersih baik sebanyak 5 orang (11,9%), peran petugas kesehatan baik sebanyak 8 orang (19,0%) dan jumlah kepemilikan jamban yang memenuhi sebanyak 19 orang (45,2%). Peran petugas kesehatan nilai p = 0,474 > α (0,05) artinya tidak ada hubungan peran petugas kesehatan dengan kepemilikan jamban, dan ketersediaan air bersih nilai p = 0,005 < α (0,05) artinya ada hubungan ketersediaan air dengan kepemilikan jamban. Disimpulkan ada hubungan ketersediaan air bersih dengan kepemilikan jamban di Kampung Wainlabat Kabupaten Sorong dan tidak ada hubungan peran petugas kesehatan dengan kepemilikan jamban di Kampung Wainlabat Kabupaten Sorong.

Kata kunci: jamban; pengetahuan; peran petugas kesehatan
Penetapan Total Flavonoid, Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor (Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn.)
Authors: Julianawati Tinta , Hendarto Hendy , Widjiati Widjiati
Published: August 2021

Moringa pterygosperma is one of the plants in Indonesia that is often used in herbal medicine. Moringa leaves contain many phytochemical compounds, one of the compounds is flavonoids which function as antioxidants. Flavonoid compounds in vitro can inhibit lipid peroxidation by breaking the chain of peroxyl radicals. Moringa leaf benefits in the field of herbal medicine are formed with a variety of preparations. One of the preparations is in the form of extracts with the aim of attracting chemical components to natural materials The extraction process has a disadvantage because the level of solubility in water is still low. The nanoparticle technique is a strategy to increase the bioavalbicibility of herbal active compounds. This research was experimental in order to determine the total flavonoid levels contained in Moringa leaf extract. In addition, it was also to find out the antioxidant activity and particle size of the moringa leaf extract nanoparticles. Determination of flavonoid levels using spectrophotometric methods. The antioxidant activity of moringa leaf extract nanoparticles was tested using the DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl-picrylhdrazyl) and to determine the particle size used by using the Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). The results of the study showed total flavonoid levels in moringa leaf extract (1.97 ± 1.07)%. Antioxidant activity of 451.8 ppm with a reduction of 2.8% and particle size in the moringa leaf extract nanoparticles of ± 134.78 nm. Moringa leaf extract nanoparticles include low antioxidants.

Keywords: moringa; nanoparticles; antioxidants
Faktor Penghambat dalam Pelaksanaan Program VCT (Voluntary Counselling And Testing): A Literature Review
Authors: Hi Setiawan Nita Anggerina Putri , Adi Mateus Sakundarno
Published: August 2021

The prevalence of HIV/AIDS had been increasing due to the lack of awareness of people to use or access VCT services, especially those with high risk. Many factors affect people and people at high risk of accessing VCT services. The study aims to describe barriers that arise in the implementation of the VCT program. The research method was a literature review from electronic database such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. Keyword search included barrier, Voluntary Counseling and Testing, and HIV VCT. Selected 9 articles published from 2018 to 2020. The results of the study of all articles founded that barriers in the implementation of VCT in the form of lack of knowledge, fear, and shame when taking an HIV test, difficulty in communicating because of hearing impairment so that the information received was not enough, stigma from the community and health workers, barriers to limited operational hours of VCT services, lack of staff as program implementers, limited competence due to lack of training, and limited health infrastructure/facilities.

Keywords: barrier; VCT; HIV/AIDS

ABSTRAK

Prevalensi HIV/AIDS semakin meningkat karena kurangnya kesadaran orang-orang untuk memanfaatkan atau mengakses layanan VCT terutama mereka dengan risiko tinggi. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi masyarakat maupun orang dengan risiko tinggi dalam mengakses layanan VCT. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk menggambarkan tentang hambatan-hambatan yang muncul dalam pelaksanaan program VCT. Metode penelitian adalah literature review dari database elektronik seperti Google Scholar, PubMed, dan Science Direct. Kata kunci pencarian antara lain menggunakan kata kunci barrier, Voluntary Counselling and Testing, dan VCT HIV. Terpilih 9 artikel yang dipublikasi tahun 2018 sampai 2020. Hasil penelitian dari semua artikel, diperoleh bahwa hambatan-hambatan dalam pelaksanaan VCT yaitu berupa kurangnya pengetahuan, rasa takut, dan malu jika melakukan tes HIV, kesulitan dalam berkomunikasi karena memiliki gangguan pendengaran sehingga informasi yang diterima pun kurang, stigma dari masyarakat serta petugas kesehatan, hambatan jam operasional layanan VCT yang terbatas, kurangnya jumlah staf sebagai pelaksana program, kompetensi yang terbatas karena kurang mengikuti pelatihan, serta infrastruktur/fasilitas kesehatan yang terbatas.

Kata Kunci: hambatan; VCT; HIV/AIDS
Epigenetic Control of Autophagy Related Genes Transcription in Pulpitis via JMJD3
Authors: Yin Bei , Ma Qingge , Zhao Lingyi , Song Chenghao , Wang Chenglin , Yu Fanyuan , Shi Yu , Ye Ling
Published: August 2021

Autophagy is an intracellular self-cannibalization process delivering cytoplasmic components to lysosomes for digestion. Autophagy has been reported to be involved in pulpitis, but the regulation of autophagy during pulpitis progression is largely unknown. To figure out the epigenetic regulation of autophagy during pulpitis, we screened several groups of histone methyltransferases and demethylases in response to TNFα treatment. It was found JMJD3, a histone demethylase reducing di- and tri-methylation of H3K27, regulated the expression of several key autophagy genes via demethylation of H3K27me3 at the gene promoters. Our study highlighted the epigenetic regulation of autophagy genes during pulpitis, which will potentially provide a novel therapeutic strategy.
A Computational Approach to Evaluate the Combined Effect of SARS-CoV-2 RBD Mutations and ACE2 Receptor Genetic Variants on Infectivity: The COVID-19 Host-Pathogen Nexus
Authors: Ashoor Dana , Ben Khalaf Noureddine , Marzouq Maryam , Jarjanazi Hamdi , Chlif Sadok , Fathallah M. Dahmani
Published: August 2021

SARS-CoV-2 infectivity is largely determined by the virus Spike protein binding to the ACE2 receptor. Meanwhile, marked infection rate differences were reported between populations and individuals. To understand the disease dynamic, we developed a computational approach to study the implications of both SARS-CoV-2 RBD mutations and ACE2 polymorphism on the stability of the virus-receptor complex. We used the 6LZG PDB RBD/ACE2 3D model, the mCSM platform, the LigPlot+ and PyMol software to analyze the data on SARS-CoV-2 mutations and ACE variants retrieved from GISAID and Ensembl/GnomAD repository. We observed that out of 351 RBD point mutations, 83% destabilizes the complex according to free energy (ΔΔG) differences. We also spotted variations in the patterns of polar and hydrophobic interactions between the mutations occurring in 15 out of 18 contact residues. Similarly, comparison of the effect on the complex stability of different ACE2 variants showed that the pattern of molecular interactions and the complex stability varies also according to ACE2 polymorphism. We infer that it is important to consider both ACE2 variants and circulating SARS-CoV-2 RBD mutations to assess the stability of the virus-receptor association and evaluate infectivity. This approach might offers a good molecular ground to mitigate the virus spreading.
C-Reactive Protein at Hospital Discharge and 1-Year Mortality in Acute Infective Endocarditis: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Lin Yaowang , Chen Jie , Liao Bihong , Bei Weijie , Wang Yongshun , Sun Xin , Yuan Jie , Dong Shaohong
Published: August 2021

Background: An accurate biomarker at hospital discharge is needed to identify patients with acute infective endocarditis (IE) who are at high risk of mortality. This prospective observational study evaluated the prognostic value of C-reactive protein (CRP).

Methods: Patients with acute IE (n = 343) and hospitalized at 2 university-affiliated medical centers from January 2014 to December 2019 were enrolled. Patients were categorized as having low or high CRP (n = 217 and 126, respectively) at hospital discharge according to the optimal cutoff (CRP = 6.5 mg/L) determined via receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis. The primary endpoint was all-cause death, from hospital discharge to 1 year. The secondary endpoint was the cumulative rate of rehospitalization or paravalvular abscess at 1 year.

Results: At the 12-month follow-up, the mortality rate of the high-CRP group (21.43%) was significantly higher than that of the low-CRP group (2.76%, log-rank P < 0.0001). The multivariate regression analysis indicated that the high-CRP group had a higher excess mortality hazard risk (HR = 4.182; 95% CI: 2.120, 5.211; P < 0.001). The cumulative 1-year incidence of paravalvular abscess of the high-CRP group (11.90%) was significantly higher than that of the low-CRP (5.07%; P = 0.022). The cumulative rate of heart rehospitalizations of the 2 groups were similar (18.25% cf. 14.29%, P = 0.273).

Conclusion: For hospitalized patients with acute IE, a high CRP at discharge suggests a poor prognosis for 1-year mortality and paravalvular abscess.
Association Between Estuary Characteristics and Activities of the Critically Endangered Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin (Sousa chinensis)
Authors: Lin Chi-hung , Lin Hsing-Juh , Suen Jian-Ping , Chou Lien-Siang
Published: August 2021

The Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) has been reported to prefer estuary habitats. This study explored the environmental factors affecting a critically endangered population off the coast of Yunlin, Taiwan. We measured dolphin sighting rates and estuary characteristics affected by the watershed, including seven physical factors (watershed rainfall, watershed runoff, estuarine turbidity, pH, salinity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen) and two biological factors (estuarine net primary production and chlorophyll a concentration), at the Hsinhuwei River estuary in Taiwan. Dolphin activity was measured by sighting rate and behavioral indices for feeding and traveling between 2017 and 2018. We observed that when the maximum net production increased alongside rising temperatures in spring, both the dolphin sighting rate and foraging activity increased. This trend was maintained until heavy rainfall or increased river runoff occurred during late summer, which resulted in high turbidity in autumn and winter. Turbidity was significantly negatively correlated with dolphin activity (sighting rate and foraging). Furthermore, we found that dolphin traveling positively correlated with the chlorophyll a concentration and maximum net production factors, which could attract dolphins expecting more abundant prey fish in the estuary supported by the high primary production. This study provides empirical evidence on how estuary characteristics affected by the watershed can affect the sighting rate and behavioral activities of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins.
Corrosion Damage Behavior of X65/Incoloy 825 Welded Bimetallic Composite Pipe in H2S Environment
Authors: Wang Bingying , Zhang Tongle , Liu Yige , Cui Gan
Published: August 2021

For the long-term service of X65/Incoloy 825 bimetallic composite pipe girth welds in the H2S environment, the corrosion damage behavior was investigated. Characterizations of welded joints were conducted by OM, SEM, XRD, and EDS. The pitting corrosion’s 3D surface morphology of welded joints in NACE-B solution saturated with H2S was investigated. The results show that composition segregation occurs in the welding process, and the Laves phase appears between dendrites, which lead to the decrease in corrosion resistance. The maximum depth of the corrosion pit is 2.46 μm after 30 days, 4.54 μm after 60 days, and 10.94 μm after 180 days. The cell automata (CA) model of corrosion damage was established based on the MATLAB program, and the basic elements of the cell automata model were determined. Through the simulation of the electrochemical reaction and diffusion process, the influence of different parameters of the pitting corrosion morphology was determined. The simulation results were compared with experimental data, which are available for the prediction of the morphology and size of the corrosion pits on the sample surface after 300 days. The results will be beneficial for the long-term service of the bimetallic composite pipe.
Chief Executive Officer Proactive Personality and Acquisitions: A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis of China's Listed Firms
Authors: Yang Gang , Bai Xueyan , Yang Shiyu
Published: August 2021

The role of the CEO in an enterprise's management decisions renders their individual characteristics influential in decisions about mergers and acquisitions (M&As). Personal characteristics are based on many aspects, therefore, we provide a multi-angle insight into the personal characteristics of managers. Drawing on the upper echelons theory, we examine whether CEOs' proactive personality affects merger and acquisition decisions. The fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) is performed using a sample of 64 listed firms in China for the period 2010–2019. There are three solutions for cross-industry mergers, and five for intra-industry mergers. The results suggest that: (a) proactive and overconfident CEOs are inclined toward cross-industry mergers; (b) non-proactive and low-educated CEOs are inclined toward intra-industry mergers; (c) emerging industry enterprises tend to choose intra-industry mergers; (d) overconfident CEOs are more likely to undertake cross-industry mergers in traditional industries.
Oxytocin Pathway Gene (CD38, OXTR) Variants Are Not Related to Psychosocial Characteristics Defined by Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in Adolescents: A Field School-Based Study
Authors: Tereshchenko Sergey , Kasparov Edward , Zobova Svetlana , Smolnikova Marina , Evert Lidia , Semenova Nadezhda , Zaitseva Olga , Shubina Margarita , Gorbacheva Nina , Lapteva Ludmila
Published: August 2021

Background: CD38 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that regulates oxytocin (OT) production and influences social interactions. The oxytocin receptor (OXTR) has been studied intensively regarding its association with human psychosocial functions. Many studies have demonstrated a link between CD38 rs3796863 and OXTR rs53576 polymorphic regions and psychosocial characteristics as well as various psychiatric disorders in adolescents. Some studies, however, have reported null findings.

Methods: The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a brief psychopathologic screening tool recommended for detecting psychosocial problems and psychiatric disorders in adolescents. The current field school-based study, conducted among urban Siberian adolescents (n = 298 aged 12–18), explored the SDQ scales in relation to polymorphisms of the CD38 and the OXTR genes (rs3796863 and rs53576, respectively).

Results: None of the studied genotypes were associated with the SDQ results for the complete sample with presumed statistical power as 0.80 to detect a medium-size effect (Cramer's V = 0.3) at α = 0.0083. Post-hoc analysis in subgroups showed that OT pathway high activity may cause some negative consequences, such as emotional instability in older (aged 15–18) adolescent boys who are carriers of the rs53576 GG variant.

Conclusion: Variations at the CD38 rs3796863 and OXTR rs53576 loci were not associated with psychosocial characteristics of adolescents assessed with the SDQ. In studies with a similar design, we recommend replication with larger samples and greater power to detect small effects, especially in age–sex subgroups of adolescents.
Delivery of the VIVIT Peptide to Human Glioma Cells to Interfere with Calcineurin-NFAT Signaling
Authors: Ellert-Miklaszewska Aleksandra , Szymczyk Agata , Poleszak Katarzyna , Kaminska Bozena
Published: August 2021

The activation of NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) transcription factors by calcium-dependent phosphatase calcineurin is a key step in controlling T cell activation and plays a vital role during carcinogenesis. NFATs are overexpressed in many cancers, including the most common primary brain tumor, gliomas. In the present study, we demonstrate the expression of NFATs and NFAT-driven transcription in several human glioma cells. We used a VIVIT peptide for interference in calcineurin binding to NFAT via a conserved PxIxIT motif. VIVIT was expressed as a fusion protein with a green fluorescent protein (VIVIT-GFP) or conjugated to cell-penetrating peptides (CPP), Sim-2 or 11R. We analyzed the NFAT expression, phosphorylation, subcellular localization and their transcriptional activity in cells treated with peptides. Overexpression of VIVIT-GFP decreased the NFAT-driven activity and inhibited the transcription of endogenous NFAT-target genes. These effects were not reproduced with synthetic peptides: Sim2-VIVIT did not show any activity, and 11R-VIVIT did not inhibit NFAT signaling in glioma cells. The presence of two calcineurin docking sites in NFATc3 might require dual-specificity blocking peptides. The cell-penetrating peptides Sim-2 or 11R linked to VIVIT did not improve its action making it unsuitable for evaluating NFAT dependent events in glioma cells with high expression of NFATc3.
Applications of Ionic Liquids in Whole-Cell and Isolated Enzyme Biocatalysis
Authors: Imam Hasan Tanvir , Krasňan Vladimír , Rebroš Martin , Marr Andrew Craig
Published: August 2021

Ionic liquids have unique chemical properties that have fascinated scientists in many fields. The effects of adding ionic liquids to biocatalysts are many and varied. The uses of ionic liquids in biocatalysis include improved separations and phase behaviour, reduction in toxicity, and stabilization of protein structures. As the ionic liquid state of the art has progressed, concepts of what can be achieved in biocatalysis using ionic liquids have evolved and more beneficial effects have been discovered. In this review ionic liquids for whole-cell and isolated enzyme biocatalysis will be discussed with an emphasis on the latest developments, and a look to the future.
Curcumin as Prospective Anti-Aging Natural Compound: Focus on Brain
Authors: Benameur Tarek , Soleti Raffaella , Panaro Maria Antonietta , La Torre Maria Ester , Monda Vincenzo , Messina Giovanni , Porro Chiara
Published: August 2021

The nutrients and their potential benefits are a new field of study in modern medicine for their positive impact on health. Curcumin, the yellow polyphenolic compound extracted from Curcuma longa species, is widely used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine to prevent and contrast many diseases, considering its antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, cardio-protective, nephron-protective, hepato-protective, anti-neoplastic, and anti-rheumatic proprieties. In recent years, the investigations of curcumin have been focused on its application to aging and age-associated diseases. Aging is a physiological process in which there is a decreasing of cellular function due to internal or external stimuli. Oxidative stress is one of the most important causes of aging and age-related diseases. Moreover, many age-related disorders such as cancer, neuroinflammation, and infections are due to a low-grade chronic systemic inflammation. Curcumin acting on different proteins is able to contrast both oxidative stress than inflammation. In the brain, curcumin is able to modulate inflammation induced by microglia. Finally in brain tumors curcumin is able to reduce tumor growth by inhibition of telomerase activity. This review emphasizes the anti-aging role of curcumin focusing on its mechanism to counteract aging in the brain. Moreover, new formulations to increase the bioavailability of curcumin are discussed.
Sanitary and parasitological state of environmental objects Astrakhan Region for 2010–2019
Authors: Irdeeva Viktoria Aleksandrovna , Arakelyan Rudolf Sergeevich , Shendo Gennadiy Leonidovich , Polyanskaya Nina Vitalievna , Nikeshina Tatyana Vasilievna , Kravchenko Diana Andreevna
Published: August 2021

The article presents material on the sanitary and parasitological state of environmental objects of the Astrakhan region for 2010–2019 on the example of studying samples of soil, water, manure and flushes from solid household surfaces. A total of 80962 samples were collected and examined during the analyzed period. The number of samples that did not meet the standard indicators was 1.2 % (951 samples). The total share of soil samples in the structure of all studies of environmental objects was 13.2 % (10,692 samples). In addition to the soil, manure samples from farms were studied. In total, 0.04 % (33 samples) of manure were examined during the analyzed period, of which 24.2 % (8 samples) were positive findings in the form of Strongyloides stercoralis larvae. These manure samples were collected only in 2010. The share of water samples was 7.5 % (6033 samples). Also conducted research on samples of swabs taken from household hard surfaces. A total of 64,204 washout samples (79.3 %) were selected and examined, of which 0.02 % (12 samples) were positive. The result of this work were the results: sanitary-parasitological status of water and soil Astrakhan region remain strained, as evidenced by positive findings in the form of eggs and larvae of helminths and cysts of intestinal pathogenic protozoa.
Comprehensive assessment system for commercial bank personnel
Authors: Bychin V.B.
Published: August 2021

Personnel assessment is the most important factor contributing to the motivation of personnel, on the one hand, and on the other hand, allowing to correctly set remuneration and determine both the quantitative and qualitative composition of the company’s personnel. The article is devoted to the study of the problem of a comprehensive assessment of the organization’s personnel.
Directions for optimizing business sustainability management in the digital economy (motivation and efficiency)
Authors: Sofronov V.A. , Maksimova S.M.
Published: August 2021

Business development and increased competition in the main capital-intensive markets have long shown that managing a modern enterprise without automating business processes will inevitably lead to a loss of sales growth and, in the future, the loss of a separate line of business. ERP-systems have become quite widespread in Russia, which are being implemented by a wide range of companies, mainly medium and large, the ultimate goal of such industries is to effectively perform the functions of processing material supplies and managing reserves.
CULTURA Y DISPOSITIVOS ORGANIZACIONALES EN UNA EMPRESA FAMILIAR. ¿SATISFACCIÓN LABORAL Y/O DESGASTE PERSONAL?
Authors: Becerra-Hernández Antonio , Mapén-Franco Fabiola De-Jesús , Priego-Alvarez Heberto Romeo , Campos-Gómez Aline Aleida-del-Carmen , Menéndez-Fierros Diego Eduardo
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: el estudio examinó el entrecruzamiento de determinismos sociales y psíquicos del empleado con el entramado ideológico de gestión de una empresa familiar desde la sociología clínica del trabajo. Material y método: se acudió a un enfoque cualitativo–interpretativo, con entrevistas, revisión del manual organizacional y análisis clínico del trabajo. Resultados: los hallazgos indican que los integrantes, familiares consanguíneos o no, asumen responsabilidades y replican conductas y comportamientos al interior de la compañía, para cumplir con las metas y compromisos que la empresa les transmite a través de sus dispositivos de poder. Discusión: la aplicación de instrumentos organizacionales implementados desde la ideología gerencial, como, la misión, visión y valores, permite satisfacer ilusiones de reconocimiento, omnipotencia y oportunidades. Conclusiones: es posible analizar la interrelación sociopsicológica del sujeto insertado en una organización empresarial, invistiéndola libidinalmente y vinculándose afectivamente con ésta.
Gametogenesis in Pubescent Heterobranchus longifilis (Teleostei: Clariidae) (Val. 1840) Attaining Puberty Under Artificial Conditions; and Under Rainy and Dry Season Conditions, in Tropical Earthen Ponds
Authors: OFOR C.O.
Published: August 2021

Three groups of Heterobranchus longifilis attained puberty under three environmental conditions. In experiment 1, 23 fish (10 males, 13 females) were raised in the rainy season, (group 1). In experiment 2, 90 fish (39 males, 51 females) were raised in a recirculation system (group 2). In experiment 3, 160 fish (73 males, 87 females) were raised in the dry season (group 3 ). Groups 1 and 3 were raised in outdoor earthen ponds. Gametogenesis in the groups was studied using histology and gonadosomatic index. Oocytes maturation commenced at 9½ months in all groups and lasted 67 days in group 1, and about 130 days in groups 2 and 3. Sexual maturity occurred at 352, 427, and 425 days respectively in groups 1, 2 and 3. It seems that the key point in ovarian maturation in pubescent Heterobranchus longifilis is 9½ months, with further oogenesis being influenced by rainfall. The time spent from here to sexual maturity onset may be shortened if it falls within the rainy season. The period may run its full course if it falls within the dry season, or the rearing environment is indoor. The application of these observations in the aquaculture of the species is discussed.
Strategi Memanfaatkan Peluang Pasar Produk Pertanian Dalam Perdagangan Internasional
Authors: Wahyuni Esa Diya
Published: August 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk 1) Mengetahui peluang pasar

produk pertanian dalam perdagangan internasional dan 2) Mengetahui bagaimana strategi memanfaatkan

peluang pasar produk pertanian dalam perdagangan Internasional. Penulisan artikel ini dilakukan dengan

metode deskriptif kualitatif terhadap hasil analisis dari berbagai referensi sesuai dengan tujuan penulisan.

Kesimpulan pada tulisan ini adalah 1) Peluang pasar ekspor sangat terbuka lebar bagi para petani di

Indonesia, sehingga diharapkan produk komoditas yang dihasilkan para petani dalam negeri bisa bersaing

dengan produk lainnya dari negara tetangga, 2) Produk-produk pertanian yang termasuk ke dalam produk

perkebunan yang memiliki peluang ekspor yang cukup baik dalam perdagangan internasional diantaranya

adalah teh, karet, kopi, sawit, rotan, cengkeh, kapulaga, kulit manis, pala, gambir, tebu (gula), dan coklat,

3) Produk-produk pertanian yang termasuk ke dalam produk hortikultura yang memiliki peluang ekspor

adalah sayuran seperti Cabbage (sayur pangsit) dan bayam, buah-buahan seperti manggis, pepaya, pisang,

dan salak, serta tanaman hias seperti Palem Jari (Raphis Excelsa), 4) Produk-produk pertanian yang

termasuk kedalam peternakan yang memiliki peluang ekspor yaitu produk olahan hasil peternakan yaitu

rendang diekspor ke negara-negara Amerika dan negara-negara lainnya di seluruh dunia, 5) Strategi untuk

memanfaatkan peluang pasar produk pertanian dimulai dari pemberdayaan petani sehingga petani dapat

menghasilkan produk yang baik. Selanjutnya, produk pertanian harus mempunyai standar mutu yang baik

sesuai dengan yang disyaratkan dalam perdagangan internasional
Pengaruh Iklim Organisasi, Komitmen Karyawan, dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Karyawan PT. XL Axiata Padang
Authors: Afuan M.
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan, (1) Pengaruh Iklim Organisasi Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Karyawan,(2) Komitmen Karyawan Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Karyawan, (3) Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Karyawan, (4) Pengaruh Iklim Organisasi, Komitmen Karyawan, dan Kepuasan Kerja secara bersama-sama terhadap Prestasi KerjaKaryawan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Karyawan PT. XL Axiata Padang yang berjumlah 80 orang, dimana teknik pengambilan sampel adalah secara Total Population. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan survey. Pendekatan survey adalah kegiatan mengumpulkan data sebanyak banyaknya mengenai fakta-fakta yang merupakan pendukung terhadap penelitian, dengan maksud untuk mengetahui status dan gejala. Kesimpulan dari penelitian bahwa pengaruh Iklim Organisasi, Komitmen Karyawan dan Kepuasan Kerja, terhadap Prestasi Kerja Karyawan baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan terbukti/ diterima dalam penelitian ini.
Analisis Kredit Bermasalah, Tingkat Suku Bunga Dan Profitabilitas Pada PT. Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR) KCP Limbanang Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota
Authors: Sari Selvi Yona , Pratama Muahammad Putra
Published: August 2021

This study aims to analyze problem loans, interest rates, and the impact on interest income in PT Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR) KCP Limbanang, Lima Puluh Kota District. The research variables are Problematic Credit (x1), Interest Rate (x2), and Profitability (y). Based on the results of this study can be concluded that the level of nonperforming loans that occur at the Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR) KCP Limbanang District Lima Puluh Kota from 2011-2012 the level of non-performing loans decreased compared to the previous year, it means the credit situation is getting better. The interest rate at Rural Bank of KCP Limbanang of Lima Puluh Kota District in 2011-2015 experienced fluctuations in the proof of the highest interest rate in 2011 and the lowest interest rate in 2015. Due to total assets in Rural Bank (BPR) KCP Limbanang District Lima Puluh Kota each year experienced a significant increase whereas profitability from the year 2011-2015 that experienced ups and downs of profitability, this is influenced by the rearrangement of terms and conditions of credit Rural Bank (BPR) KCP Limbanang District Fifty Cities.Finally, the authors suggest to Rural Credit Bank (BPR) Limbanang Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota The level of nonperforming loans that occur in Rural Banks (BPR) KCP Limbanang District Lima Puluh Kota which continues to fall every year and also problem loans also below the maximum 5% have a positive impact on the bank, as well as an achievement for the bank as it can minimize nonperforming loans and due to improved supervision of good credit disbursement.
Analisis Disiplin Kerja Guru Ditinjau dari Supervisi Kepala Sekolah, Kompensasi dan Budaya Organisasi
Authors: Fatma Marlis , Moeins Anoesyirwan , Lusiana
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine and analyze the Effect of Headmaster’s supervision, Compensation and Organizational Culture on the Work Discipline of SMAN 1 Rao teachers, Pasaman Regency, both simultaneously and partially. The sample in this study were all SMAN 1 Rao teachers, totaling 63 people. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression, with the help of SPSS version 21.The analysis proves that the headmaster’s supervision and compensation partially significantly affects the work discipline of SMAN 1 Rao teachers, then Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. While organizational culture did not affect and not significant the work discipline of SMAN 1 Rao teachers, Ho was accepted and Ha was rejected.Simultaneously the headmaster’s supervision, compensation and organizational culture affected the work discipline of SMAN 1 Rao teachers. Among the three independent variables, the dominant variable is compensation. The contribution of determination (R2) of the three variables to the teacher's work discipline was 28,1% while the remaining 71.9% was contributed by other variables not included in this variable.It is recommended to the headmaster of SMAN 1 Rao to maintain compensation, increase supervision and pay attention to the organizational culture so that it has improvement..
Peranan Intellectual Capital sebagai Mediasi antara Corporate Social Responsibility dan Kinerja Perusahaan Perbankan
Authors: Anggraini Fivi , Puttri Daniati , Septriani Wina , Zefriyenni
Published: August 2021

Corporate social responsibility activity is a strategy that contributes to the improvement of company performance in the long run. Investment on intellectual capital development has a close relationship with stakeholders through corporate social responsibility activities that eventually affect company performance. This study aims to examine the role of intellectual capital as a mediator between corporate social responsibility and banking company performance. The samples for this study were 20 bank companies that were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in year 2014-2018. The findings have proved empirically that intellectual capital as a mediating variable has a significant effect on the relationship between corporate social responsibility and performance of bank companies. Therefore, bank companies are expected to invest more intangible assets or intellectual capital and deliver their corporate social responsibility activities. As an implication of this study, the bank companies must carry out activities that provide added and unique values from their corporate social responsibility programs because the programs are the company's responsibility to fulfil the applicable regulations, community and their environment.
Application of Augmented Reality Technology for Human Excretion System as Android-Based Learning Media
Authors: Legiawan Mohamad Kany , Agustina Dina
Published: August 2021

The excretion system is a process of removing metabolic waste that is no longer used by the body. These remnants of metabolism in the form of compounds that are toxic (poison) so that if not removed can cause disruption of the function of organs in the body. Organs that play a role in the excretion system are the kidneys, lungs, skin and liver. Kidney is the main component making up the human excretion system, namely urine. The lungs produce residual respiratory processes in the form of gas CO2 (carbon dioxide) and H2O (water vapor). The skin is able to produce residual substances in the form of sweat. The liver produces waste products in the form of bile sap from an overhaul of red blood cells that have been damaged and destroyed in the spleen. Augmented Reality Human Excretion System is an application that can facilitate teachers and class XI MA Tanwiriyyah students in learning about the human excretion system. This application is made based on Android by applying augmented reality technology in its implementation. In this application the teacher and students can see 3D objects and know the process of removing residual substances in the excretory system organs. The design of this application uses the MDLC method and also uses UML diagrams, navigation structures and application interface design.
Hubungan Pesalinan Kala II Lama dengan Kejadian Retensio Urine
Authors: Septiani Novi Dwi , Hariyono Hariyono , Rosyidah Inayatur
Published: August 2021

Persalinan kala 2 lama menimbulkan efek berbahaya baik terhadap ibu maupun janin. Retensio urine adalah suatu gangguan buang air kecil, dimana terjadi lemahnya pancaran urine, tidak lancar serta rasa ada yang tersisa dan tidak puas, dapat disertai keinginan untuk mengedan atau memberikan tekanan pada suprapubik saat buang air kecil. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi hubungan antara persalinan kala 2 lama dengan kejadian retensio urine di Puskesmas Baureno Bojonegoro. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian survey analitik retrospektif, rancanganberupa case control dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Populasi dan sampling dalam penelitian ini yaitu total sampling persalinan kala 2 lama dan kasus retensio urine berdasarkan diagnose medis pasien di poned Puskesmas Baureno dari bulan November 2019 sampai April 2020 yaitu 34 orang. Variabel independen persalinan kala 2 lama dan Variabel dependen Kejadian retensio urine, Teknik Analisa menggunakan Analisa univariat dan Analisa bivariat menggunakan Uji Rank Spearman. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh responden 34 (100,0%) merupakan Persalinan Kala 2 Lama dengan sebanyak 21 responden (62.8%) mengalami Retensio urin, pada Analisa uji spearman rankdidapatkan p value= 0,038 dimana p value < 0,05 maka H1 diterima yang artinya ada hubungan Persalinan kala II Lama dengan kejadian Reteniso Urine Pada Ibu Bersalin Puskesmas Baureno Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Penelitian ini dapat dianalisis, Persalinan kala II Lama berhubungan dengan kejadian Reteniso Urine
DISTRIBUTION OF INVASIVE SPECIES PROSOPIS JULIFLORA (MIMOSACEAE) IN FUJAIRA (UAE)
Authors: Byalt V. V. , Korshunov M. V.
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the secondary area in the Emirate of Fujairah, as well as the peculiarities of seed dispersing, seed germination and early seedling development of Mesquite, or Prosopis juliflora - the alien species of Mimosaceae, which appeared on the territory of the Emirates in the twentieth century, and one of the first collected herbarium specimen is dated 1983. In the secondary area most often, the Mesquite is found in anthropogenic habitats: in gardens, as well as near roads, on waste grounds, less frequent on the streets of settlements, garden fences etc. In regions represented by herbarium collections, P. juliflora is successfully naturalized and creates stable self-sustaining populations. It has a complex of specific helio-mesomorphic features that allow it to take root successfully in relatively open moderately wet, and even dry or saline habitats and compete with native species of acacia ( Acacia tortilis, A. ehrenbergii ) and local prosopis ( P. cineraria ). Characteristics such as good germination, significant morphological, dimensional and temporal variability of premature individuals of P. juliflora , identified in this work, undoubtedly contribute to the successful naturalization of the species in the secondary range and its wide distribution throughout the Emirate. Due to the high aggressiveness of Mesquite, it is necessary to develop a method of dealing with this plant in the UAE, which will stop its uncontrolled settlement in the region. We have compiled a map of Mesquite distribution in Fujairah and surrounding areas, which clearly shows the scale of the disaster. A method for assessing invasion on a five-level scale based on reproductive success has been developed and applied. The structure of ecotopes at an early and middle stage of penetration of P. juliflora was analyzed using large wastelands (2 and 1.2 ha) in the village Mirbah and the city of Fujairah on the coast of the Gulf of Oman.
DYNAMICS OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE MOLIPTERYX FULIGINOSA (UHLER) (HETEROPTERA, COREIDAE) IN THE FAR EAST OF RUSSIA
Authors: Markova Т. О. , Kanyukova Е. V. , Маslov М. В.
Published: August 2021

The data of more than thirty years of observations of the temporal and spatial distribution of Molipteryx fuliginosa (Uhler, 1860) (Heteroptera, Coreidae) in the east of Russia are generalized. Previously known only from Southeast Asia, in 1998 it was recorded in Russia as new to the fauna. Its current range in the south of the Far East has been clarified, 51 localities of finding have been noted. The introduction of the bug into the local fauna was traced over the years, in connection with the penetration of which there is a danger of the appearance of a new pest of cultivated Rosaceae in the Primorskii Krai and in the south of the Khabarovsk territories. Three stages of the species penetration into the fauna of the south of the Russian Far East have been identified. In 1987-1992 - rare single finds of a species new to the local fauna, 1993-2011 - expansion of the bug's range while maintaining a low number, 2012-2020 - local outbreaks of numbers along with the expansion of the range in our territory.
Principal’s efforts to change in schools: A case study in Indonesia
Authors:   Program Studi Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini, STITNU Sakinah Dharmasraya, Dharmas Raya, Isnaini Isnaini , Isnaini Melisa ,   Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat, Padang, Rusdinal Rusdinal ,   Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Gistituati Nurhizrah ,   Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang
Published: August 2021

Abstract Purpose: This study aims at describing the principals’ efforts to make changes, the factors supporting the changes, and inhibiting factors. Research methodology: This research uses a literature review method to describe the principals’ efforts to make changes, the factors supporting the changes, and inhibiting factors. Results: The results show that (1) the principals’ efforts to make changes include catalysts, creators, facilitators, and stabilizers, (2) the supporting factors are the principals’ efforts to make changes and support from teachers and parents to make these changes, and (3) there are several factors, including inhibiting factors. These factors are unfolding needs which include economy, social needs, self-esteem, and individuals that requirefinding new work methods, new work groups that cause inconvenience and obscurity to achieve, limiting the individuals’ share of information and school organizational resources, and orthodox thinking leading to underdevelopment of knowledge and skills as well as limiting authority, increasing workload, increasing number of rules, and intimidating individual career development. Limitations: This study only focuses on the principle of making changes, the factors supporting the changes, and inhibiting factors. Contribution: This research contributes to the principals’ efforts to make changes, the factors supporting the changes, and inhibiting factors to achieve school goals and a good leader to manage the school.
The Perfect Storm Relationship Between Vaccination-induced Disorders and Illness Manifested by Post Covid-19 Long Haulers
Authors: Brawer Arthur
Published: August 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), has not only created an acute worldwide pandemic but also chronic adverse health effects in a substantial percentage of survivors. Hopefully, vaccines for Covid-19 will result in far fewer long haulers cases by reducing the severity of Covid-19 exposures. Acute and chronic vaccination-induced disorders attributable to Covid-19 immunizations need to be carefully assessed over intervals of several weeks because of the potential latency in mechanisms of disease causation that transcend anaphylaxis and allergic reactions.
Mucormicosis rinocerebral en el Hospital General San Juan de Dios, Guatemala
Authors: Sáenz Clara , Solares Paulina , Medina Pebbles , Argueta Victor , Orozco Roberto
Published: August 2021

La mucormicosis es causada por Mucormycetes, hongo saprófito y ubicuo, que afecta a pacientes inmunocomprometidos. Se desconoce la frecuencia con la cual esta enfermedad ocurría antes de la pandemia de COVID-19 y durante la misma. Presentamos una serie de 8 casos diagnosticados histopatológicamente en el Hospital General San Juan de Dios de Guatemala.
Catastrophic Interference in Reinforcement Learning: A Solution Based on Context Division and Knowledge Distillation
Authors: Zhang Tiantian , Wang Xueqian , Liang Bin , Yuan Bo
Published: August 2021

The powerful learning ability of deep neural networks enables reinforcement learning (RL) agents to learn competent control policies directly from high-dimensional and continuous environments. In theory, to achieve stable performance, neural networks assume i.i.d. inputs, which unfortunately does no hold in the general RL paradigm where the training data is temporally correlated and non-stationary. This issue may lead to the phenomenon of "catastrophic interference" (a.k.a. "catastrophic forgetting") and the collapse in performance as later training is likely to overwrite and interfer with previously learned good policies. In this paper, we introduce the concept of "context" into the single-task RL and develop a novel scheme, termed as Context Division and Knowledge Distillation (CDaKD) driven RL, to divide all states experienced during training into a series of contexts. Its motivation is to mitigate the challenge of aforementioned catastrophic interference in deep RL, thereby improving the stability and plasticity of RL models. At the heart of CDaKD is a value function, parameterized by a neural network feature extractor shared across all contexts, and a set of output heads, each specializing on an individual context. In CDaKD, we exploit online clustering to achieve context division, and interference is further alleviated by a knowledge distillation regularization term on the output layers for learned contexts. In addition, to effectively obtain the context division in high-dimensional state spaces (e.g., image inputs), we perform clustering in the lower-dimensional representation space of a randomly initialized convolutional encoder, which is fixed throughout training. Our results show that, with various replay memory capacities, CDaKD can consistently improve the performance of existing RL algorithms on classic OpenAI Gym tasks and the more complex high-dimensional Atari tasks, incurring only moderate computational overhead.
An Equivalent Surface Dipoles based Electric Field to Magnetic Field Transformations for Estimating Radiated Emissions
Authors: binda pankaj , Mitharwal Rajendra , Singh Ghanshyam
Published: August 2021

The new generation of communication devices operating in higher frequency bands is constantly pushing the complexity of field measurements for electromagnetic compliance and the design of field probes. These compliance are to be met for both electric and magnetic fields, of which if one set is available, the other can be estimated computationally using source reconstruction algorithms. The main objective of this paper is to refine the dipole-based source reconstruction algorithms using surface equivalence principle. Compared to earlier works, the algorithm is based on a novel way of placing a single dipole per point tangentially to a fictitious surface based on surface equivalence theorem instead of multiple orthogonal dipoles per point. We also rigorously prove the existence, uniqueness, and error bounds involved in the inverse problem. The numerical results are compared with the state-of-art to demonstrate the effectiveness in obtaining accurate fields and locating the regions of the Device Under Test responsible for overshooting the interference limits.