bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organized Crime under Anglo-Saxon Criminal Law: Features of Legislative Regulation
Authors: Zhukova S. S.
Published: February 2020

The paper is devoted to the comparative legal analysis of the group commission of a crime under Anglo-Saxon criminal law. The commission of a crime in conspiracy has an increased public danger and poses a serious threat to each state and society as a whole. Foreign lawmakers take different approaches to the definition of organized crime, taking into account its heterogeneous nature. The author studies the specificity of the legislative regulation of variations in criminal groupings in common law countries. A comparative analysis of the legislative regulation of organized crime allows us to note the positive experience that can be used to improve domestic criminal law governing forms of conspiracy and law enforcement.

The study notes that the criminal law of the Anglo-Saxon legal family is characterized by a low level of systematization of legislation and increased attention to the norms (decisions) expressed in the judicial precedent. At the same time, the existing criminal law standards governing the institution of conspiracy comply with international law. Some common law countries recognize a conspiracy between two or more persons for committing a crime as an organized crime group. It is important to note that this feature is also a characteristic of domestic criminal law. In accordance with Art. 32 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, a conspiracy is the intentional joint participation of two or more persons in the commission of an intentional crime. At the same time, a significant difference between the criminal law of the Anglo-Saxon legal family is the legislative consolidation of the qualitative and quantitative criteria of group formations (criminal association, organized criminal group, gang) depending on the degree of public danger of their crimes.
Legal Support for the Work Organization of a Closed Administrative and Territorial Unit Prosecutor’s Office
Authors: Elkina A. V. , Tyuvin A. A.
Published: February 2020

The relevance of this topic lies in the fact that there is a demand for scientific interest in organizing the work of state bodies that ensure the legality and protection of citizen’s rights. The prosecution authorities play an important role in the implementation of state functions. In addition, in the course of prosecutors’ activities implementation there has been a violation of the prosecutors’ work functions and organization. The optimization of the work of the prosecution authorities of the Closed Administrative Territorial Unit (ZATO) is of the utmost importance, the level of the implementation of the functions by the prosecution authorities and the results of the work depend on how efficiently the department will be optimized. It seems possible to optimize the work of the ZATO prosecutor’s office through a detailed legal regulation of its activities. The paper discloses the legal and scientific regulation of the activity of the ZATO prosecutor’s bodies, formulates suggestions for improving the current legislation.
Tendencies of Development of Activities of a Prosecutor in Elimination of Obstacles to Consideration and Resolution of Criminal Cases under the 1864 Charter of Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Yelchiev M. F.
Published: February 2020

The paper substantiates the relevance of historical experience of the legal regulation in the context of the modern reform of the prosecutor’s work aimed at elimination of obstacles to consideration and resolution of criminal cases with a view to ensure the adoption of a lawful and reasonable decision on the case, which will certainly contribute to the achievement of the objectives of criminal proceedings. The paper investigates the cases of the 19th century when prosecutors returned criminal cases for additional investigation at the pre-trial stage of criminal proceedings. The author has examined the evolution of the goals, objectives and functions of the institution of return of cases by the prosecutor for further investigation in the specified period. The subject of the study amounts to the examination of the institution of additional investigation from the standpoint of its historical genesis. The author focuses on the analysis of the procedure applied to cases returned by the prosecutor for further investigation, the grounds for investigation and ways of correcting the revealed violations. Taking into account the historical experience, the author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to improve the activity of the prosecutor aimed at eliminating obstacles. The author has formulated and substantiated proposals for modernization of the legal regulation of the procedure under consideration, as the return of the case for additional investigation constitutes a reserve mechanism for achieving the purpose of criminal proceedings that has restorative nature with regard to the legal rights and interests of the participants of criminal proceedings and their compliance with the relevant legal procedure. This procedure is important for making the right decision on the merits. Thus, the purpose of the work is to elucidate the process of formation and functioning of the institution of additional investigation enshrined in the Charter of Criminal Proceedings. To achieve this goal, the basic scientific methods (dialectical method of cognition, method of systematic analysis, deduction and induction, methods of comparisons and analogies, and a number of others) have been used. The main objectives of the study have been achieved on the basis of the comparative legal method. The practical significance of the work is that it justifies the need for legislative unification of legal norms regulating the activities of the prosecutor aimed at removing the obstacles to the consideration and resolution of criminal cases and introduction of appropriate amendments and additions to normative legal acts that would coordinate the procedure for sending cases by the procurator for additional investigation in strict compliance with the fundamental principles of domestic criminal proceedings.
Activity of catalase in surgically induced endometrial-like lesions in rats
Authors: Razygraev Alexey V. , Petrosyan Maria A. , Baziyan Elena V. , Polyanskikh Lyudmila S.
Published: February 2020

Hypothesis/aims of study. There is a link between the activities (and polymorphisms of genes) of antioxidant enzymes and endometriosis. It is also known that progesterone induces some antioxidant enzymes in the endometrium and that progesterone analogs are effective for reduction of endometrial lesions. In addition to morphometric and histological estimations of endometriosis regression, it could be useful to assess the activity of antioxidant enzymes within endometriotic foci. The present study is aimed at estimating the activity of catalase, a hydrogen peroxide-detoxifying enzyme, in surgically induced endometrial-like lesions with a variable degree of reduction.
Study design, materials and methods. The study was carried out on 12 mature female rats of Wistar strain. Endometrial-like lesions were induced by autotransplantation of uterine tissue fragments on the abdominal wall. After 35-37 days, the endometrial foci were extracted. Catalase activity in the ectopic endometrium was determined by the Beers Sizer method modified as follows: recording hydrogen peroxide concentration decrease at 250 nm and using 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT) to assess specificity. The correlation between the specific catalase activity and protein amount in the ectopic endometrium was estimated.
Results. At the wavelength of 250 nm, a relatively weak interference of AT with other components of the reaction mixture was observed, which allows using the specific catalase inhibitor to indicate the enzyme activity. The activity is measured in a short period of incubation (less than 1 minute) and is proportional to amount of the endometrial tissue extract in the reaction mixture. As a rule, the most reduced endometriotic foci (with the lowest weight) possessed a higher catalase activity (the Spearmans rho was 0.66 with p 0.025).
Conclusion. The method for determining catalase activity was adapted to work with endometriotic foci. With p 0.025, we can accept that a low weight of endometriotic foci is linked with a relatively high catalase activity within their tissue. The results allow suggesting the involvement of catalase in reduction of endometrial lesions.
Current understanding of selective estrogen receptor modulators
Authors: Polyanskikh Lyudmila S. , Petrosyan Maria A. , Morozkina Svetlana N. , Baziyan Elena V.
Published: February 2020

Despite the variety of selective estrogen receptor modulators of different classes of compounds and their active use for the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer, climacteric conditions, and polycystic ovary syndrome, as well as for ovulation stimulation and for prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and vertebral fractures, there are a number of serious side effects, such as thromboembolic disorders, uterine cancer and endometrial cancer. Among the selective estrogen receptor modulators used in clinical practice, it is worth noting: Raloxifene, for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and vertebral fractures; Tamoxifen, for the treatment of breast cancer; Toremifene, for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women; Lasofoxifene, for the treatment of osteoporosis; Bazedoxifene, for the treatment and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis; Clomiphene, for the treatment of anovulatory infertility; Ospemifene, for the treatment of moderate to severe dyspareunia associated with postmenopausal syndrome. An ongoing search for an effective and safe selective estrogen receptor modulator for the treatment of endometriosis is currently underway.
Justification of The United Nations Organization’s CEDAW Charter in Ensuring Women’s Rights in Bangladesh
Authors:   Stamford University Bangladesh, Huq Naznin , Rifat-Ur-Rahman Md. ,   Rabindra University
Published: February 2020

Even with the praiseworthy provisions of the Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination against Women, (CEDAW) aiming to stop discrimination against women all over the world. Still discrimination of women all over the world is in high range. The situation of Bangladesh in this regard is much worse. The existing stand of Bangladesh regarding Clause 2 and 16-1(c), has made it impossible to fully establish women’s right in the country. This paper attempted to make a case for the explanation of fully implementing CEDAW in Bangladesh, using the Constitution of Bangladesh. The Constitution of Bangladesh clearly identifies equal rights for both men and women, whereby non-ratification of two clauses of the CEDAW charter is clearly unjustifiable. Thus this paper has strengthened the case by conducting an extensive literature review of the CEDAW charter along with the state of women’s rights in the Constitution of Bangladesh. It will serve as a basis for future changes in policy development regarding the ratification of the CEDAW Charter in Bangladesh.
Instrucciones para los Autores
Authors: Rodríguez Díaz David Rene
Published: February 2020

Revista Médica Vallejiana (Rev Med Vallejiana) es una publicación oficial de la Escuela de Medicina de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad César Vallejo de Trujillo, Perú. El presente espacio de comunicación se edita trimestralmente y está orientado a la publicación de trabajos de naturaleza científica concernientes al área Medicina Humana, sus especialidades, subespecialidades y ciencias biomédicas afines. El Comité Editorial de la revista es responsable de garantizar la pertinencia y calidad de los artículos incluidos en su publicación. Revista Médica Vallejiana es una revista científica "revisada por pares"; esto significa que la mayoría de los artículos publicados son enviados a revisión (por lo menos dos revisores independientes). Las identidades de autores y revisores se mantienen en forma confidencial.
Relación entre estrés laboral y Síndrome de Burnout en conductores de taxi de la ciudad de Trujillo. Perú, 2019.
Authors: Chunga Trigozo Luis Fernando , Duarte Gonzáles Eva Stephanía , Magallanes Cabrera Joana Mabel , Torres Chávez Karla Jelian Amelia , Verde Gutiérrez Ruth Kiara , Rodríguez Díaz David Rene , Morillo Arqueros Aníbal Manuel
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el estrés laboral y el Síndrome de Burnout en conductores de taxi de la ciudad de Trujillo en Perú en los meses de mayo – junio del 2019. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico – transversal sobre el estrés laboral y el Síndrome de Burnout en una población de 50 taxistas de la ciudad de Trujillo en Perú. La técnica aplicada fue la encuesta. El estrés laboral fue medido mediante el “Cuestionario para la Evaluación del Estrés” en su tercera versión, mientras que el Síndrome de Burnout a través del “Cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory – General Survey”. Resultados: Se observó que el grupo etario más frecuente estuvo comprendido entre los 27 a 38 años, además el 48 % de los conductores de taxi trabajaba entre 8 – 10 horas diarias. Fue evidente un nivel de estrés alto en un 72 %, un nivel de estrés medio en un 16 % y un nivel de estrés bajo en un 12 % de los conductores. En el análisis dimensional del Síndrome de Burnout se observó que el 70 % tuvo un alto nivel de desgaste emocional, el 66 % un alto nivel de cinismo y en un 44 % un nivel de eficiencia laboral alto. Finalmente, se evidenció estadísticamente (valor p = 0,014) relación entre estrés laboral y Síndrome de Burnout. Conclusión: Existe una relación significativa entre estrés laboral y Síndrome de Burnout en conductores de taxi.
ÇOK DEĞİŞKENLİ ÜRETİM PLANLAMA KARARLARINDA BİLİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİ UYGULAMALARI
Authors: EDİZ Çağla , TURAN Aykut Hamit
Published: February 2020

Bir işletmenin neyi, ne kadar üreteceğine karar vermesi için satış tahminleri, üretim kapasitesi, tedarik süreleri, maliyetler, satış fiyatları gibi pek çok faktör göz önünde bulundurulmaktadır. Bu kadar çok değişkenin etki ettiği üretim planlama kararları için firma yöneticilerinin ne ölçüde bilgi işleme sistemlerinden faydalandığı ve hangi işletme fonksiyonlarına göre üretim planlama kararlarını verdiğini tespit etmek bu çalışmanın amacıdır. Çalışmada çoğu otomotiv, metal işleme ve makine sektörlerinde faaliyet gösteren 50 firmada üretim planlaması üzerine çalışan yöneticilere anket yapılmış ve yapılan anketler SPSS ortamında değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada, şirketlerde üretim planlamasında kullanılan öneri sistemleri araştırılmış ve şirketlerin büyük çoğunluğunda Kurumsal Kaynak Planlama (KKP) sistemi bulunmasına rağmen sadece yarısında bir öneri sistemi olduğu görülmüştür. Diğer bir deyişle, Malzeme İhtiyaç Planlaması (MİP) ile KKP arasındaki bir aşama olarak kabul edilen kapalı çevrim MİP’i sağlayacak bir Karar Destek Sistemi (KDS), şirketlerde KKP bulunduğu söylenmesine rağmen, bu şirketlerin yarısında bulunmamakta veya kullanılmamaktadır. Çalışmada, ayrıca üretim planlama için KDS’ye sahip işletmelerde KDS’nin entegre olduğu KKP modülleri incelenerek işletmelerde üretim planlama karar mekanizmalarında nelerin daha önemli görüldüğünün ve bilişim sistemlerinin kullanım seviyesinin analizi yapılmaya çalışılmıştır.
BULANIK ÇOK KRİTERLİ KARAR VERME YAKLAŞIMI İLE TÜRKİYE İMALAT SANAYİİ’NDE PERFORMANS ÖLÇÜMÜ
Authors: GÖK KISA A. Cansu , PERÇİN Selçuk
Published: February 2020

İşletmelerin geleceğe yönelik kararlarının başarısını iyi bir
performans değerlendirmesi yapılması oldukça etkilemektedir. Bu açıdan firmaların
performansının ölçülmesi hem kaynakların etkin kullanımında rol oynarken hem de
sektördeki rekabet durumunun tespit edilmesi hakkında yol göstermektedir.
Çalışmanın amacı, performans ölçümünün fazla sayıda faktörün dikkate alınmasını
gerektiren yapısı nedeniyle geleneksel yöntemler yerine çok kriterli karar
verme (ÇKKV) tekniklerini kullanarak bir uygulama sunmaktır. Çalışmada, Bulanık
ÇKKV yaklaşımı kullanılarak Türkiye İmalat Sanayii’nde faaliyet gösteren Borsa
İstanbul’da kayıtlı 8 ayrı sektörde bulunan işletmeler için performans sıralaması
yapılmıştır. Bu bağlamda literatüre uygun şekilde belirlenen finansal
performans değerlendirme kriterleri ışığında uygulama modeli oluşturulmuştur. Öncelikle
uzman görüşleri yardımıyla Bulanık Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (BAHS) ile değerlendirme
kriterlerinin ağırlıklandırılması sağlanmıştır. Daha sonra, 8 sektörde faaliyet
gösteren 171 işletmenin verilerinden faydalanılarak, TOPSIS, VIKOR ve GİA (Gri
İlişkisel Analiz) yöntemleri ile firmaların sektörlere göre performans sıralamaları
elde edilmiştir. Her üç yöntemin uygulanmasından söz konusu firmalar için üç
ayrı performans sıralamasına ulaşılmıştır. Bu sıralamaları bütünleştirip tek
bir sonuca ulaşmak için, Borda
Sayım Yönteminden yararlanılmış ve nihai sıralamalar elde edilmiştir.
TEKNOLOJİ MAĞAZALARININ ISO 25010 KALİTE MODELİNE DAYALI WEBSİTESİ KALİTE DEĞERLENDİRMESİNİN ÇOK KRİTERLİ ANALİZİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: YALÇIN Neşe , ŞİMŞEK YAĞLI Burcu
Published: February 2020

Son yıllarda kullanım oranı artan ve hayatın ayrılmaz bir parçası
haline gelen internet siteleri, işletmelerin bilgi, ürün ve hizmetlerini
sunduğu bir mecradır. Bu mecrada sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamak ve rakiplerinden
bir adım öne geçmek isteyen işletmelerin, internet sitesi kalitelerine önem
vermeleri gerekmektedir. Bu bakış açısıyla, internet sitelerinin kalitesinin
değerlendirilmesi hem akademik çevrelerde hem de özel sektörde üzerinde önemle
durulan bir konu haline gelmiştir. Bununla birlikte, literatürde internet
sitesi kalitesi değerlendirilmesi üzerine birçok çalışma olmasına rağmen
teknoloji mağazalarının internet sitelerinin kalitesinin değerlendirilmesine
yönelik herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanılmamıştır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışma ile
literatüdeki belirtilen eksikliğin giderilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda,
farklı kalite modelleri arasından, hem genel bir model olması hem de güvenilir
bir kuruluş tarafından oluşturulmuş olması nedeniyle ISO 25010 kalite modeli
çerçevesinde, uygulama alanına özgü çok kriterli yeni bir kalite modeli
geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen kalite modeli Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren altı
alternatif teknoloji mağazasının internet sitesi kalitelerinin
değerlendirilmesi amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, hem kriterlerin önem
derecelerinin belirlenmesinde hem de alternatiflerin değerlendirilmesinde
modelin yapısı gereği çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yöntemlerinden biri olan
Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) yönteminin bulanık versiyonu kullanılmıştır.
Ayrıca kriter ağırlıklarındaki olası değişimlerin internet sitelerinin sıralamasına
etkilerini araştırmak amacıyla duyarlılık analizi yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma
teorik açıdan araştırmacılara internet sitesi kalite değerlendirme probleminde
yeni bir kalite değerlendirme modeli sunması, pratik açıdan teknoloji
mağazalarına kullanıcılarına daha kaliteli hizmet sunabilmeleri için internet
sitelerini tasarlamalarında yol gösterici olması bakımından yazına katkı
sağlamaktadır.
BULANIK KARAR VERME YAKLAŞIMIYLA KATILIM BANKALARI FİNANSAL PERFORMANSI
Authors: KARAKAYA Aykut
Published: February 2020

İslam bankaları geleneksel bankalarla kıyaslandığında
daha hızlı büyümektedir. Bunun nedeni, faizsiz finans ilkeleridir. Benzer durum
Türkiye’deki katılım bankaları içinde geçerlidir. Finansal sistem içindeki artan
ağırlığı katılım bankalarının performanslarını önemli kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmayla,
Türkiye’deki katılım bankalarının CAMELS sistemine göre performans ölçümü amaçlanmıştır.
Çalışma veri seti, Albaraka Türk, Kuveyt Türk, Türkiye Finans Katılım, Vakıf
Katılım ve Ziraat Katılım Bankası’nın finansal oranlarını kapsamaktadır. Finansal
oranlar 2018 yılı yıllık verileridir. Çalışmada öncelikle, CAMELS bileşenlerini
oluşturan finansal oranların ağırlıkları BAHS (Bulanık Analitik Hiyerarşi
Süreci) ile hesaplanmıştır. Ardından. TOPSIS’le katılım bankaları finansal performans
açısından sıralanmıştır. CAMELS sermaye, aktif kalitesi, yönetim kalitesi, kâr,
likidite ve piyasa risk duyarlılığı olmak üzere altı bileşenden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada
CAMELS çerçevesinde toplam 18 finansal oran kullanılmıştır. BAHS analizinde CAMELS
altı bileşeni ana kriterdir. BAHS analizinde on sekiz finansal oran ise
kriterdir. BAHS analizinde, ana kriterlerin ağırlıklarına göre sırası kazanç,
sermaye, aktif kalitesi, likidite, yönetim kalitesi ve duyarlılık biçimindedir.
BAHS analizinde ana kriterlerin ağırlıklarına göre sırasının kazanç, sermaye,
aktif kalitesi, likidite, yönetim kalitesi ve riske duyarlılık biçiminde
bulunmuştur. Ağırlığı en yüksek kriterler ise, öz kaynak karlılığı, risk ayarlı
öz kaynak oranı, takipteki krediler oranı, öz kaynak oranı, aktif karlılık
oranı ve cari orandır. Katılım bankalarının finansal performansları
TOPSIS analizi sonucunda, Kuveyt Türk, Ziraat Katılım, Vakıf Katılım, Türkiye
Finans Katılım ve Albaraka Türk olarak bulunmuştur
DETERMINING THE APPROPRIATE OPEN INNOVATION MODEL FOR LOGISTICS FIRMS USING AN INTEGRATED FUZZY AHP-VIKOR APPROACH
Authors: AR İlker Murat , PEKER İskender , BAKİ Birdoğan
Published: February 2020

Open innovation includes making collaborative relationships with other firms and institutions to achieve competitive advantage through innovative products or services. Open innovation has an effect the logistics firms because they have many services and products and also various relationships with their shareholders. The main purpose of this study is to determine the appropriate open innovation model for logistics firms. In this context, the application process is performed by a Fuzzy Multi Criteria Decision Making model. This approach involves both criteria (control, focus, innovation process, knowledge, cost, capacity, market, utilization, policy, motivation) and alternatives (inbound, outbound and coupled open innovation models). Weights of the criteria were determined by Fuzzy AHP. Furthermore, ranks the alternatives were performed by Fuzzy VIKOR. According to results, outbound innovationis determined as the appropriate open innovation model for logistics firms. The most important three criteria in order to determine the appropriate open innovation model are innovation process, motivation, and market respectively.
Neural network-based analytical model to predict the shear strength of steel girders with a trapezoidal corrugated web
Authors: He Jun , Abambres Miguel
Published: February 2020

Corrugated webs are used to increase the shear stability of steel webs of beam-like members and to eliminate the need of transverse stiffeners. Previously developed formulas for predicting the shear strength of trapezoidal corrugated steel webs, along with the corresponding theory, are summarized. An artificial neural network (ANN)-based model is proposed to estimate the shear strength of steel girders with a trapezoidal corrugated web, and under a concentrated load. 210 test results from previous published research were collected into a database according to relevant test specimen parameters in order to feed the simulated ANNs. Seven (geometrical and material) parameters were identified as input variables and the ultimate shear stress at failure was considered the output variable. The proposed ANN-based analytical model yielded maximum and mean relative errors of 0.0% for the 210 points from the database. Moreover, still based on those points, it was illustrated that the ANN-based model clearly outperforms the other existing analytical models, which yield mean errors larger than 13%.
Estudio cinético de la reacción entre el 3,4-Dihidroxibenzaldehído y el radical hidroperoxilo en disolución: Un enfoque teórico
Authors: Álvarez Guerrero Santiago Javier
Published: February 2020

En este trabajo se estudió la actividad antioxidante del 3,4-Dihidroxibenzaldehído frente al radical hidroperoxilo mediante la teoría de los funcionales de la densidad. Las energías de las barreras de las reacciones se calcularon utilizando la teoría del estado de transición con el nivel de teoría M05-2X/6-311+G(d,p). Los resultados del análisis termoquímico y cinético muestran que el mecanismo de transferencia de hidrógeno es la vía principal por la cual el aldehído disminuye la reactividad del radical hidroperoxilo tanto en medio acuoso como en medio no polar.
STUDYING THE CRACK DISTRIBUTION BY THE MOLECULAR DYNAMICS METHOD IN A COPPER PLATE
Authors: Belova O. N. , Stepanova L. V.
Published: February 2020

Using the method of molecular dynamics, the process of crack propagation in a single-crystal copper plate with a crack is simulated under the action of mixed loading corresponding to normal separation and transverse shear. A comprehensive study of the inﬂuence of geometric characteristics (model dimensions, crack length), temperature, strain rate and loading mixing parameter on the plate strength, crack growth and direction was carried out. The angles of propagation of a central crack in a copper plate are determined using the molecular dynamics method.
TO THE QUESTION OF FRACTIONAL DIFFERENTIATION. PART II
Authors: Gladkov S. O. , Bogdanova S. B.
Published: February 2020

In the paper the investigation continues with the help of deﬁnition Fourier fractional diﬀerentiation setting in the previous paper "To the question of fractional diﬀerentiation". There were given explicit expressions of a fairly wide class of periodic functions and for functions represented in the form of wavelet decompositions. It was shown that for the class of exponential functions all derivatives with non-integer exponent are equal to zero. The found derivatives have a direct relationship to practical problems and let them use to solve a large class of problems associated with the study of phenomena such as thermal conduction, transmissions, electrical and magnetic susceptibility for a wide range of materials with fractal dimensions.
VEERING OF SAFFMAN LIFT FORСE AT FLOW PAST SPHERE WITHOUT SEPARATION
Authors: Kryukov Yu. A.
Published: February 2020

The article shows the characteristics of a sphere placed in a linear shear ﬂow. The Reynolds number ranges from 0.1 to 10, and the dimensionless velocity gradient is 0.1. The coeﬃcients of drag and lift forces do not depend on the change in the distance to the boundaries of the computational domain and the reduction of cell sizes. The results are obtained in the Ansys Fluent package. For small values of the problem parameters, the solution results have a good agreement with the known results. The results conﬁrm the classical view of the Saﬀman lift force: if the relative velocity is positive, there is a lift force toward the higher velocity of the continuous phase. On the other hand, if the relative velocity is negative the lift force is toward the lower velocity of the continuous phase. Between Reynolds numbers from 4 to 5, the Saﬀman lift force reverses direction. This results for the ﬁrst time conﬁrms McLaughlin assumption about negative Saﬀman lift force.
Relación entre las características espermáticas poscapacitación y la fertilización oocitaria humana en la técnica de fertilización in vitro
Authors: M. Yamileth Motato , Saavedra-Saavedra Jaime , Moyano Martha N.
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: establecer la relación entre las características espermáticas poscapacitación y la fertilización de oocitos donados y morfológicamente maduros (estadío MII) en la técnica de fertilizaciónin vitro (FIV).Metodología: se realizó un estudio de corte transversal entre enero de 2003 y diciembre de 2007 en el Centro de Biomedicina Reproductiva del Valle (Fecundar) en Cali (Colombia). En este estudio, se incluyeron 64 muestras seminales de pacientes que se sometieron a la técnica de FIV y ovodonación. Se comparó la proporción de fertilización de las muestras, asumiendo como apropiada una proporción mayor o igual a 80%. También se utilizó un modelo de regresión logística para determinar las variables que contribuyeron a presentar una mayor probabilidad de fertilización.Resultados: se incluyeron 64 muestras seminales, de un total de 76, que cumplieron con los requisitos establecidos. En el análisis estadístico se evidenció que la fertilización se afectó por la motilidad poscapacitación tipo a mayor o igual a 25%. El índice de teratozoospermia y los días de abstinencia sexual no afectaron la fertilización oocitaria.Conclusiones: en los individuos de este estudio la motilidad espermática tipo a poscapacitación mayor a 25% fue la variable que más influyó en una apropiada fertilización oocitaria en la técnica de FIV.
Inequidades sociales en atención materna
Authors: Cáceres-Manrique Flor de María , Molina-Marín Gloria
Published: February 2020

Introducción y objetivo: el presente artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre las inequidades sociales que afectan la salud de las mujeres embarazadas. Las inequidades, definidas como desigualdades injustas y evitables, son frecuentes a pesar de los acuerdos internacionales, políticas y programas que promueven la equidad en salud. Existen enfoques teóricos y metodológicos para realizar investigación sobre inequidades sociales que ameritan ser probados en el contexto para obtener evidencia y orientar las intervenciones.
Métodos estadísticos de evaluación de la concordancia y la reproducibilidad de pruebas diagnósticas
Authors: Cortés-Reyes Édgar , Rubio-Romero Jorge Andrés , Gaitán-Duarte Hernando
Published: February 2020

Introducción: en la evaluación de la utilidad de una prueba diagnóstica, se requiere en algunas situaciones valorar la reproducibilidad de los resultados o la concordancia de los mismos al compararla con otra prueba que no sea usada como patrón de oro de la entidad. El objetivo de este documento es presentar los métodos estadísticos utilizados para evaluar la reproducibilidad y/o concordancia de las observaciones clínicas o paraclínicas, sus bases teóricas y algunos ejemplos de cómo se han aplicado.Metodología: se realiza una revisión sobre las bases teóricas de la evaluación de la concordancia y la reproducibilidad, además se ilustra su aplicación en la literatura con ejemplos relacionados con la obstetricia y la ginecología.Resultados: la estimación de la concordancia se hace por medio de la prueba Kappa en variables dicotómicas u ordinales. En el caso de variables continuas, se debe preferir el uso del coeficiente de correlación intraclase o el coeficiente de correlación y concordancia sobre el uso del coeficiente de Pearson o la prueba t de Student pareada. Los métodos utilizados deben ser interpretados de acuerdo al contexto clínico donde fueron empleados.Conclusiones: la selección de los métodos estadísticos para la evaluación de la concordancia y la reproducibilidad depende del tipo de variable a medir y de los parámetros que se quieran evaluar, ya sea sólo la reproducibilidad o también la exactitud.
Asociación entre el índice de masa corporal y los resultados perioperatorios y posoperatorios en pacientes sometidas a histerectomía laparoscópica total. Medellín (Colombia) 2002-2008
Authors: Castañeda Juan D. , De Los Ríos José F. , Calle Gustavo A. , Serna Eduardo , Vásquez Ricardo A. , Mejía Ana M. , Arango Adriana M. , Buitrago Carlos A.
Published: February 2020

Objetivos: evaluar la posible asociación entre el mayor índice de masa corporal (IMC) y los resultados peri y posoperatorios en pacientes a las que se les realizó histerectomía laparoscópica total (HLT).Metodología: cohorte histórica de pacientes a quienes se les practicó HLT en un período de 5 años en un centro de referencia para endoscopia ginecológica. Fueron incluidas todas las pacientes con HLT y con la información completa. Las pacientes fueron divididas en tres grupos según su masa corporal: IMC menor de 24,9 kg/m2, normal (n = 339); IMC entre 25-29,9 kg/m2, sobrepeso (n = 243) e IMC mayor de 30 kg/m2, obesidad (n = 94). Se compararon el tiempo quirúrgico, las complicaciones, la pérdida sanguínea, la necesidad de transfusión, la tasa de laparoconversión y el tiempo de estancia hospitalaria. Los tres grupos se contrastaron por medio de la prueba ANOVA.Resultados: 676 pacientes cumplieron los requisitos para el estudio. No hubo diferencias significativas en cuanto a la pérdida sanguínea, el tiempo quirúrgico, la estancia hospitalaria, la tasa de complicaciones o de laparoconversión.Conclusión: no se encontró asociación entre el índice de masa corporal y malos resultados peri y posoperatorios.
Endometriosis profunda infiltrante: seguimiento a un año luego de tratamiento laparoscópico
Authors: Castañeda Juan D. , Almanza Luis A. , Muñoz Juan C. , Arango Adriana , De Los Ríos José F. , Serna Eduardo , Calle Gustavo A. , Vásquez Ricardo A.
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: conocer la evolución a un año de las pacientes a quienes se les ha realizado tratamiento quirúrgico laparoscópico de la endometriosis profunda infiltrante.Metodología: cohorte de 24 pacientes con edades comprendidas entre 22 y 51 años a quienes se les realizó tratamiento quirúrgico de la endometriosis profunda infiltrante en la Unidad de Endoscopia Ginecológica de la Clínica del Prado y Profamilia, en Medellín, entre septiembre del 2007 y febrero del 2008. Se evaluaron las variables sociodemográficas, síntomas dolorosos, localización anatómica de la endometriosis profunda infiltrante, características de la lesión, tratamiento, tiempo quirúrgico, complicaciones.Resultados: se presentó una lesión de recto como única complicación en esta serie (4,1%). Hubo una disminución estadísticamente significativa de los síntomas dolorosos. Tres pacientes (12%) tuvieron recurrencias al año de seguimiento.Conclusión: el tratamiento laparoscópico de la endometriosis profunda infiltrante surge como una alternativa para el tratamiento de la endometriosis infiltrativa profunda.
There is no superior treatment method for medial shoulder instability in dogs
Authors: Kieves Nina R , Jones Stephen
Published: February 2020

PICO question

In dogs with medial shoulder instability, what treatment option results in the best patient outcomes medical vs. surgical management?

Clinical bottom line

To date only one retrospective case series is available to compare treatment options for shoudler instability. This manuscript suggests that surgical treatment of medial shoulder instability (MSI) may be superior to medical management, however, this was not a prospective randomly assigned study and thus is wrought with limitations. There is no evidence of superiority of one surgical intervention over another for the treatment of MSI. The clinician must evaluate each individual case and consider clincial experience when deciding on the ideal treatment for MSI.

How to apply this evidence in practice

The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.

Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Pengembangan Produk Cokelat Couverture dengan Penambahan Pangan Fungsional di Desa Randualas Kecamatan Kare Kabupaten Madiun
Authors: Ariyantoro Achmad Ridwan , Anam Choiroel , Kawiji Kawiji , Minardi S , Zulfa Fitriyah , Purnomo Didik , Muzayana Eny , Atmaja Rohmat Priya , Widiatmoko Clysna
Published: February 2020

Kabupaten Madiun memilih kakao sebagai salah satu komoditi utama yang bisa dikembangkan karena dinilai tepat dengan struktur tanah di lereng pegunungan dan sebagai daerah tujuan wisata. Petani kakao Desa Randualas, Kecamatan Kare, Kabupaten Madiun memiliki permasalahan yaitu harga jual biji kakao masih rendah sehingga perlu peningkatan nilai jual dengan membuat produk olahan dari biji kakao menjadi produk makanan seperti cokelat couverture. Disamping itu, pengembangan produk berbahan dasar cokelat perlu penganekargaman dengan penambahan pangan fungsional sehingga bermanfaat bagi kesehatan. Target pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah peningkatan kemampuan petani kakao untuk pengembangan produk cokelat couverture dengan penambahan pangan fungsional yang berupa tepung kecang kedelai sehingga meningkatkan pendapatan petani kakao. Kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah sosialisasi, penyuluhan, pelatihan dan praktek proses produksi cokelat couverture yang meliputi pelatihan pembuatan proses dan pengemasan produk. Hasil pengabdian ini menghasilkan meningkatnya pengetahuan petani dalam mengolah cokelat dengan penambahan pangan fungsional..
Baltimore Ceasefire 365: Estimated Impact of a Recurring Community-Led Ceasefire on Gun Violence
Authors: Phalen Peter , Bridgeford Erricka , Gant Letrice , Kivisto Aaron , Ray Brad , Fitzgerald Simon
Published: February 2020

Objectives. To estimate the impact of recurring community-led, weekend-long ceasefires on gun violence in the City of Baltimore, Maryland.

Methods. The City of Baltimore releases detailed data on all crimes occurring in the city. We compiled daily counts of fatal and nonfatal shootings occurring between January 2012 and July 2019 and fit a Bayesian model to estimate the impact of the ceasefires on gun violence during designated weekends after accounting for yearly seasonality, day of the week, calendar days, and overall time trends. We also looked at the 3-day periods following each 3-day ceasefire weekend to test for a possible postponement effect.

Results. There was an estimated 52% (95% credible interval [CI] = 33%, 67%) reduction in gun violence during ceasefire days and no evidence of a postponement effect on either the next 3 days or the next 3-day weekend following each ceasefire weekend (incidence rate ratio = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.72, 1.06).

Conclusions. The Baltimore Ceasefire weekends may be an effective short-term intervention for reducing gun violence. Future research should aim to understand the key components and transferability of the intervention.
Expansion of Syringe Service Programs in the United States, 2015–2018
Authors: Des Jarlais Don C. , Feelemyer Jonathan , LaKosky Paul , Szymanowski Kathryn , Arasteh Kamyar
Published: February 2020

Objectives. To report on the expansion of syringe service programs (SSPs) in the United States from 2015 to 2018.

Methods. We obtained data from records of the Buyers’ Club of the Dave Purchase Project/North American Syringe Exchange Network (NASEN), including the number of US SSPs and the numbers of sterile syringes purchased by programs. We conducted a subset analysis of states with high numbers of counties defined as “vulnerable” by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Results. SSP participation in the Buyers’ Club increased from 141 in 2015 to 292 in 2018, with an increase in syringes purchased from 42 million to 88 million. In addition to these large increases in numbers of programs and in syringes purchased, there were also indications of instability among new programs in vulnerable states.

Conclusions. There have been substantial increases in the number of programs established and the number of syringes distributed in response to the opioid epidemic. Ensuring high-quality services in these new programs will be critical to successfully addressing the current epidemic.
Deportation of Family Members of US-Citizen Latinos and Misuse of Prescription Drugs: United States, 2019
Authors: Pinedo Miguel
Published: February 2020

Objectives. To investigate how personally knowing a deported migrant relates to past-year prescription drug misuse among US-citizen Latinos.

Methods. Between April and May 2019, a national sample (n = 3446) was recruited to complete an online survey. Multivariate and multinomial logistic regression models examined the role of (1) personally knowing a deported migrant and (2) the relationship to the deportee (e.g., family, friend) on (1) any past-year prescription drug misuse and (2) the frequency of prescription drug misuse. I limited analyses to US citizens only (n = 3282).

Results. Overall, 19% of all participants reported any past-year prescription drug misuse. Latinos who had a family member who was deported reported significantly higher odds of past-year prescription drug misuse and were exceedingly at higher risk for misusing prescription drugs 3 or more days in the past year as compared with Whites and Latinos who did not personally know a deported migrant.

Conclusions. Public health prevention strategies and deportation policies need to consider and address how the deportation of an individual will affect the health of that individual’s US-citizen family members.
Charity Care Characteristics and Expenditures Among US Tax-Exempt Hospitals in 2016
Authors: Goodman Christopher W. , Flanigan Amber , Probst Janice C. , Brett Allan S.
Published: February 2020

Objectives. To examine content of financial assistance polices (FAPs) among US tax-exempt hospitals and determine whether restrictive policies were associated with reduced charity care spending.

Methods. Using hospital tax filings with the Internal Revenue Service in 2016 and FAPs obtained from hospital Web sites, we examined characteristics of FAPs and associated expenditures for charity care in a representative sample of 170 tax-exempt hospitals. We identified common eligibility requirements and used them to define restrictiveness of FAPs.

Results. FAPs were characterized by various ways to exclude patients, a patchwork of coverage for typical health care services, and wide-ranging discounts. FAP expenditures were lowest among restrictive hospitals in states that expanded Medicaid as part of the Affordable Care Act and highest among nonrestrictive hospitals in nonexpansion states. FAP expenses did not differ by hospital restrictiveness alone.

Conclusions. Standardizing common eligibility requirements among FAPs carries potential benefits with regard to optimizing charity care for community benefit and achieving at least some level of equity; however, further policy efforts must account for additional restrictions, charges, and exclusions to be effective.
Outreach and Inreach Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Latinos at a Federally Qualified Health Center: A Randomized Controlled Trial, 2015–2018
Authors: Castañeda Sheila F. , Bharti Balambal , Rojas Marielena , Mercado Silvia , Bearse Adriana M. , Camacho Jasmine , Lopez Manuel Song , Muñoz Fatima , O'Connell Shawne , Liu Lin , Talavera Gregory A. , Gupta Samir
Published: February 2020

Objectives. To compare usual care, inreach consisting of one-on-one education, mailed outreach offering a fecal immunochemical test (FIT), and a combination of outreach and inreach for promoting colorectal cancer (CRC) screening.

Methods. We conducted a 4-arm randomized controlled trial from 2015 to 2018 at a US federally qualified health center near the California–Mexico border primarily serving low-income Hispanics/Latinos. A total of 673 individuals aged 50 to 75 years not up to date with screening were assigned to 1 of the 4 intervention groups. The primary outcome was CRC screening through 6 months follow-up.

Results. A total of 671 patients were included in intention-to-screen analyses. Their mean age was 59.9 years, 48.9% were male, and 86.3% were primarily Spanish-speaking. Screening was 27.5% for usual care (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.21, 0.34), 52.7% for inreach (95% CI = 0.45, 0.60), 77.2% for outreach (95% CI = 0.71, 0.83), and 78.9% for combination of inreach and outreach (95% CI = 0.73, 0.85; P < .001 for all comparisons except P = .793 for outreach vs combination).

Conclusions. Among individuals at high risk for noncompletion, inreach with one-on-one education nearly doubled, and outreach offering mailed FIT alone or in combination with inreach nearly tripled screening compared with usual care. Mailed FIT outreach was superior to inreach for promoting screening.
Resurgent Methamphetamine Use at Treatment Admission in the United States, 2008–2017
Authors: Jones Christopher M. , Olsen Emily O. , O’Donnell Julie , Mustaquim Desiree
Published: February 2020

Objectives. To evaluate trends and correlates of methamphetamine use in the United States.

Methods. Data are from 15 747 334 drug-related treatment admissions among persons aged 12 years or older in the 2008–2017 Treatment Episode Data Set. We analyzed trends and used multivariable logistic regression.

Results. Methamphetamine-related admissions increased from 15.1% of drug-related treatment admissions in 2008 to 23.6% in 2017. Increases occurred among nearly all demographic groups. Methamphetamine injection increased from 17.5% of admissions in 2008 to 28.4% in 2017. Among methamphetamine-related admissions, heroin use increased from 5.3% of admissions in 2008 to 23.6% in 2017. Characteristics associated with increased odds of reporting methamphetamine use at admission included female sex; admissions aged 35 to 44 years; admissions in the Midwest, South, and West; unemployment; not in labor force; living dependent; living homeless; and having a referral from criminal justice, a health care provider, or other community treatment source.

Conclusions. Treatment admissions involving methamphetamine use increased significantly over the past decade and appear to be linked to the ongoing opioid crisis in the United States. Efforts to mobilize public health prevention, treatment, and response strategies to address rising methamphetamine use and overdose are needed.
SOSIALISASI CIRI-CIRI KEASLIAN UANG RUPIAH OLEH BANK INDONESIA KPW JAWA BARAT DALAM MENGURANGI PEREDARAN UANG PALSU DI PERBANKAN
Authors: Agustiyani Mellia , Hafiar Hanny , Novianti Evi
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAKBank Indonesia merupakan lembaga independen yang mewajibkan untuk mensosialisasikan cirikeaslian uang rupiah atau sosialisasi CIKUR “Ciri-ciri Keaslian Uang Rupiah”. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk mengetahui fase dari model of small group socialization di Bank Indonesia KPwJawa Barat. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan data kualitatif. Pengumpulan datapenelitian dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitianmenunjukan bahwa Asisten Manajer I Bank Indonesia KPw Jawa Barat yang berperan sebagaipengawas serta pelaksana sosialisasi CIKUR mulai dari fase pendahuluan, fase antisipasi, fasepertemuan, fase asimilasi, dan fase keluar. Pada fase pendahuluan, fase asimilasi, dan fase keluar,analisis demografi, identifikasi kelompok, evaluasi dan apresiasi yang dilakukan belum optimal.Dari hasil penelitian ini, saran yang diberikan adalah lembaga sebaiknya melakukan analisisdemografi secara spesifik yaitu usia, ras dan gender, identifikasi kelompok evaluasi dan apresiasiagar tujuan utama sosialisasi dapat tercapai. Kata Kunci : Fase, Sosialisasi, Model Sosialisasi Kelompok Kecil, Deskriptif, Kualitatif.