bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Access to health care problem and associated factors among reproductive age women in Gambia: Using Gambia Demographic Health Survey 2019/20
Authors: Tsegaw Menen , Mulat Bezawit , Shitu Kegnie
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The risk of maternal death can be reduced through by ensuring that women have access to high-quality care before, during and after childbirth but access to health care problem is still a big public health issueObjective: To assess problems of accessing health care and its associated factors among reproductive age women in GambiaMethods: This study was based on a large community-based cross-sectional survey, conducted from 21 November 2019 to 30 March 2020 in Gambia.The survey employed a stratified two-stage cluster samplingtechnique to recruit study participants. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used to summarize descriptive data and identify factors associated with problems of accessing health care respectively. A p-value of less than 0.05 and 95% confidence interval were used to determine statistical significance.Results: The magnitude of big problem in accessing health care among reproductive age women in Gambia was 45.5%% (95%CI: 44.6, 46.4. Age (AOR=1.48 (95%CI: 1.12,1.95), being from rural residence (AOR=1.28 (95%CI: 1.07,1.53), parity (AOR= 1.07 (95%CI: 1.03,1.12),middle (AOR=0.54(95%CI:0.46, 0.64) and rich wealth (AOR=0.30 (95%CI:0.25, 0.37),give birth at health institution( AOR=0.69 (95%CI: 0.58, 0.80), currently working (AOR=0.77 (95%CI:0.68, 0.86) and geographic region was significantly associated with problems of accessing health care.Conclusion: Problems of accessing health care was high in Gambia. Age, region, working status, parity, residence, wealth and place of delivery were the identified factors associated with problems of accessing health care. Policy makers and public health experts should consider those factors while designing maternal health care program. User friendly, culturally acceptable and affordable health care service program should be designed to increase health care access in Gambia.
Signals of northward propagating Monsoon Intra-seasonal Oscillations (MISOs) in the RegCM4.7 CORDEX-CORE simulation over South Asia domain
Authors: Ghosh Soumik , Miller Arthur J. , Subramaniam Aneesh C. , Bhatla R. , Das S.
Published: March 2022

The northward propagation of intra-seasonal oscillations (ISO) is closely associated with the seasonal and sub-seasonal cycle of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM). This northward propagating monsoon ISO (MISO) is prominent at 25–90 days during the ISM and are very complex in nature. In this study, we use a simulation with REGional Climate Model v4.7 (RegCM4.7) output to attempt to better understand one of the major modes of ISO during the period 1981 to 2016. The model forced with EIN75 initial and boundary condition and EIN75 SST forcing is found to successfully capture the major signals of MISO. The propagating features of the MISO circulation pattern are broadly characterized using extended empirical orthogonal function (EEOF) and two major MISO indices (MISO-1 and MISO-2). The regions between the Indian subcontinent and the Indian ocean (IO) are found to be crucial for the MISO propagation during the 25–90 day oscillation. Half of the lifecycle of the MISO is found to be 15 days, i.e., the period necessary for the alteration from break phase to active monsoon phase. Simulated MISO indexes in phase space diagrams also reveal northward propagating signals that further help to explain potential mechanisms behind the MISO rainfall propagation from the IO to the Himalayan foothills.
Spatial Distribution and Health Implications of Trace Elements in the Groundwater of Ado-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Ayodele O.S , daramola sunday , Oyedele A.A
Published: March 2022

The spatial variations, potential origin and associated health risks of some trace elements in groundwater of Ado-Ekiti southwestern Nigeria were evaluated. Sixty groundwater samples were evaluated for the concentration of some selected trace elements which includes Mn, Fe, Pb, Zn, Cu and Cr. The results were presented as spatial distribution maps with respect to the world health organization and the Nigerian standards for drinking water. The result showed that the mean concentrations of some of the trace elements exceeded the threshold values stipulated by the world health organization and the Nigerian standard for drinking water in several sampling locations. However, all of the sampled wells recorded Pb concentration below both standards. The weathering of underlying bedrocks are key sources to some of the trace elements in the groundwater of the study area. A health risk assessment was undertaken using hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI). The HI values imply that the risk of contamination through oral ingestion pathway is from low through medium to high levels for both adults and children as the trace elements show mean HI values more than unity. The health risk assessment also indicates that the children are more susceptible to the non-carcinogenic risks than adults in the study area. Hence, some urgent proactive steps should be taken to avert the consequences of this health risk.
The Ecohydrology Of A Japanese Knotweed Invasion
Authors: Adler-Colvin Julianna , DeGennaro Gabriella , Klos Peter
Published: March 2022

Polygonum cuspidatum (Japanese knotweed) is an herbaceous, clonal invasive plant that can create a monodominant stand that outcompetes native species, particularly throughout riparian zones. To better understand how this species is so successful at invading, and why particular locations in riparian settings are more at risk, we investigated a variably invaded riparian valley site in the northeastern United States. We measured spatial variations in hydrologic and soil attributes (soil texture, depth profiles, volumetric water content) in relation to spatial variations in Japanese knotweed abundance (percent coverage). We also investigated how the arrival of this species alters hydrologic properties of the soil (e.g., infiltration rate) at a fine spatial scale (< 1 m). Across all variables observed, the strongest linear correlation (p < 0.01, r = 0.70) was found to be a positive relationship between mean percent coverage of Japanese knotweed and soils with a higher clay proportion. To understand causation in this relationship, and to better now how knotweed alters the physical environment it invades, we measured soil infiltration rates with stems present and absent (n = 40). We found that knotweed occurrence can create a significant (p = 0.05) decrease in infiltration rate, but only within finer soils. These results may elucidate new possible ecohydrologic feedback mechanisms between Japanese knotweed and soil properties that could promote a higher competitive advantage in finer soils. This new insight, along with other know mechanisms promoting knotweed growth, can help to better identify and prioritize conservation efforts around locations more at-risk of a successful invasion.
Assessment of the effect of sodium hypochlorite, an artificial exsheathment medium, on viability of nematode larvae
Authors: Elowni Elsayed E. , Abdelnabi Ghada H. , Ahmad Mohamed Fadl
Published: March 2022

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI) is used extensively as an artificial exsheathment medium of nematode larvae in a diversity of studies such as comparing the efficacy of drugs, assessment of resistance to anthelmintics or evaluation of plant extracts as anthelmintics by virtue of its unique capacity for tissue dissolution. Tests with NaOCI indicate that the compound, although highly effective as exsheathing agent, the infectivity of the exsheathed larvae produced was significantly low suggesting reduced viability. We used Strongyloides papillosus larvae, a nematode that naturally lacks a protective sheath and a potentially highly motile organism, as a model to exclude or confirm possible negative effects on the viability of the parasite. Motility was taken as a viability assay. Larvae were designated as actively motile, sluggish, or immotile. Results were presented as supplementary movie files. The viability of larvae is dependent on both the concentration and the time of exposure to the compound. There are certain concentration (C) and time (T) limits beyond which viability is impaired (0.3% ˃ C ˃ 0.2%; 10 min ˃ T ˃ 5 min). The results support the conclusions from infectivity tests that where NaOCI is used as an exsheathment medium, results should be interpreted with caution as the compound is potentially capable of reducing the viability of larvae. It may even induce structural damage.
Epidemiology Of Minor Blunt Head Trauma In Infants Younger Than 3 Months
Authors: Cadenas José Antonio Alonso , García-Loygorri Clara Ferrero , Checa Rosa María Calderón , Hidalgo Isabel Durán , García María José Pérez , González Sara Ruiz , Vivas-Lacalle María De Ceano , Gómez Pablo Delgado , Rodríguez Miguel Antoñón , Sánchez Rubén Moreno , Hernando José Martínez , López Cristina Muñoz , Valentín Irene Ortiz , García Raquel Jiménez
Published: March 2022

Purpose. Specific knowledge of the features of minor head trauma in infants is necessary to develop appropriate preventive strategies and adjust clinical management in pediatric emergency departments (PEDs). The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology of minor blunt head trauma in infants <3 months who present to PEDs. Methods. We performed a prospective study of infants evaluated in any of 13 Spanish PEDs within 24 hours of a minor head trauma (Glasgow Coma Scale scores of 14-15) between May 2017 and November 2020. Telephone follow-up was conducted for all patients over the 4 weeks after the initial PED visit. Results. Of 1,150,255 visits recorded, 21,981 children (1.9%) sustained a head injury, 386 of whom (0.03%) were under 3 months old. Among the 369 patients who met the inclusion criteria (0.03%), 206 (56.3%) were male. The main causes of trauma were fall-related (298; 80.8%), either from furniture (138/298; 46.3%), strollers (92/298; 30.9%), or a caregiver’s arms (61/298; 20.5%). Most infants were asymptomatic (317; 85.9%) and showed no signs of injury on physical exam (210; 56.9%). Imaging studies were performed in 195 patients (52.8%): 37 (10.0%) underwent computed tomography (CT) scan, 162 (43.9%) X-ray, and 22 (6.0%) ultrasound. A clinically important traumatic brain injury (ciTBI) occurred in 1 infant (0.3% overall; 95% CI, 0-1.5), TBI was evidenced on CT scan in 12 (3.3% overall; 95% CI, 1.7-5.7), and 20 infants had an isolated skull fracture (5.5% overall; 95% CI, 3.4-8.3). All outcomes were caused by falls onto hard surfaces.Conclusions. Most head injuries in infants younger than 3 months are benign, and the rate of ciTBI is low. Prevention strategies should focus on falls onto hard surfaces from furniture, strollers, and caregivers’ arms. Optimizing imaging studies should be a priority in this population.
The m assive d ifferences in d iet i nduced an a ltered g ut m icrobiota s tructure in m andarin d uck ( Aix g alericulata ) at b reeding a rea
Authors: Wang yeying , lv Xiaoyan , Zhan Haofeng , Li Binqiang , Zhu Dan , Wu Jinsong , Hu Canshi
Published: March 2022

Animal gut is a dynamic ecosystem, and there are many factors affecting the structure of intestinal flora and the diversity of intestinal microbes, among which food differences are the direct causes. To investigate the effect of food composition on the intestinal flora structure of mandarin duck during the reproductive period, 9 feces were collected from 2 foraging sites of Shiqian Mandarin Duck Lake National Wetland Park, Guizhou, China. We analyzed the chloroplast rbcL gene, mitochondrial COI gene and 16S rRNA gene from the total DNA of the feces in detail to know the plants and animals in food compositions and intestinal bacteria of mandarin duck by high-throughput sequencing technology. We found that the gut microbiota composition were significantly correlated with the number of feeding species, the mandarin duck with a wide variety of feeding food had the more complex gut flora with more probiotics and less pathogenic bacterium. This study provides further theoretical support for food difference to affect the changes of intestinal bacterial structure of host, and provides scientific basis for understanding the feeding preference of mandarin duck at breeding area.
Molecular and cognitive signatures of ageing partially restored through synthetic delivery of IL2 to the brain
Authors: Lemaitre Pierre , Tareen Samar , Pasciuto Emanuela , Mascali Loriana , Martirosyan Araks , Callaerts-Vegh Zsuzsanna , Dooley James , Holt Matthew , Yshii Lidia , Liston Adrian
Published: March 2022

Cognitive decline is a common pathological outcome during aging, with an ill-defined cellular or molecular basis. Among the cellular changes observed with age are alterations to neuronal plasticity, changes in the glial compartment and the decline of the neurogenic niche. In the recent years, the concept of inflammaging, defined as a low-grade inflammation increasing with age, has emerged as a nexus for age-related diseases. This increase of basal inflammation is also observed in the central nervous system. While not classically considered a neurological cell type, infiltrating T cells increase in the brain with age, and may be responsible for amplification of inflammatory cascades and disruptions to the neurogenic niche. Recently, a small resident population of regulatory T cells has been identified in the brain, and the capacity of IL2-mediated expansion of this population to counter neuroinflammatory disease has been demonstrated. Here we test a brain-specific IL2 delivery system for the prevention of neurological decline in aging mice. We identify the molecular hallmarks of aging in the brain glial compartments, and identify partial restoration of this signature through IL2 treatment. At a behavioral level, brain IL2 delivery prevented the age-induced defect in spatial learning, without improving the general decline in motor skill or arousal. These results identify immune modulation as a potential path to preserving cognitive function for healthy ageing.
Type 2 Diabetes Prevalence, Awareness, and Risk Factors in Rural Mali: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Diawara Abdoulaye , Coulibaly Djibril M. , Abbas Talib Y. , Cisse Cheickna , Li Jian , Wele Mamadou , Diakite Mahamadou , Traore Kassim , Doumbia Seydou O. , Shaffer Jeffrey G.
Published: March 2022

Diabetes is currently a crisis in sub-Saharan West Africa (SSWA) with dramatic implications for public health and national budgets prioritizing infectious diseases. There is limited recent literature about prevalence, awareness, and risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in rural parts of SSWA. This study aims to fill this gap through a field study in the rural Malian community of Nièna, which is situated in Mali’s second-largest province of Sikasso. From December 2020 to July 2021, a cross-sectional study of 412 participants was conducted in Nièna. Clinical questionnaires and rapid diagnostic tests were administered, and data were collected on patient demographics, anthropometric parameters, biochemical indexes tests, and diabetes awareness. Among 412 participants, there were 143 (34.7%) and 269 (65.3%) male and female participants, respectively. The overall prevalence of T2D was 7.8% (32/412), and prevalence rates were 8.9% (24/269) and 5.6% (8/143) for females and males, respectively. Family history of diabetes, hypertension, and fetal macrosomia were significantly associated with T2D (p < .001, p < .001, and p = .005, respectively). Notably, 62.5% (20/32) of T2D subjects were unaware of their diabetic status before the study. Among those previously diagnosed with T2D, only 29.4% (5/17) reported receiving routine care, treatment, or blood glucose control. This study suggests that diabetic unawareness and uncontrolled diabetes are disturbingly common. T2D would have devastating consequences in rural parts of Africa, where they often lack adequate resources, health care facilities, and qualified staff. Future studies are needed to determine whether the results presented here are generalizable to urban parts of Mali and, more broadly, to other parts of SSWA.
Pseudo-classification of natural elements and atomic total energy prediction
Authors: Belahcene Brahim
Published: March 2022

Technological progression requires looking for new matters that meet specific properties. Moreover, the forecasting of physical and chemical compounds formation and proprieties can base on Datamining methods. In this paper, we use one of the unsupervised methods of Datamining, like Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The first goal is to make pseudo-classification of natural and synthetic elements of periodic table based on their all physicochemical and energies available properties. Likewise, the second goal is to test the effectiveness of this statistical method to estimate correlations and to appreciate the relationships between the properties. A pseudo-classification of periodic elements is a new way of seeing Mendeleev's table. At the end of this work, we present a predictable polynomial that allows the scientific community to make atomic total energy predictions for each natural periodic element, from Z=2 to Z=103.
Depot- and Diabetes-Specific Differences in Norepinephrine- Mediated Adipose Tissue Angiogenesis, Vascular Tone, Collagen Deposition and Morphology in Obesity
Authors: Shen Lei , Dashwood Michael R , Casale Carlo , Orie Nelson N , Evans Ian M , Sufi Pratik , Gray Rosaire , Mohamed-Ali Vidya
Published: March 2022

Background
Norepinephrine (NE) is a known regulator of adipose tissue metabolism, angiogenesis, vasoconstriction and fibrosis. This may be through autocrine/paracrine effects on local resistance vessel function and morphology. The aims of this study were to investigate, in human subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue (SAT and OAT): NE synthesis, angiogenesis, NE-mediated arteriolar vasoconstriction, the induction of collagen gene expression and its deposition in non-diabetic versus diabetic obese subjects.
Methods
SAT and OAT from obese patients were used to investigate tissue NE content, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) density, angiogenesis including capillary density, angiogenic capacity and angiogenic gene expression, NE-mediated arteriolar vasoconstriction and collagen deposition.
Results
In the non-diabetic group, NE concentration, TH immunoreactivity, angiogenesis and maximal vasoconstriction were significantly higher in OAT compared to SAT (p < 0.05). However, arterioles from OAT showed lower NE sensitivity compared to SAT (10− 8 M to 10− 7.5 M, p < 0.05). A depot-specific difference in collagen deposition was also observed, being greater in OAT than SAT. In the diabetic group, no significant depot-specific differences were seen in NE synthesis, angiogenesis, vasoconstriction or collagen deposition. SAT arterioles showed significantly lower sensitivity to NE (10− 8 M to 10− 7.5 M, p < 0.05) compared to the non-diabetic group.
Conclusion
SAT depot in non-diabetic obese patients exhibited relatively low NE synthesis, angiogenesis, tissue fibrosis and high vasoreactivity, due to preserved NE sensitivity. The local NE synthesis in OAT and diabetes desensitizes NE-induced vasoconstriction, and may also explain the greater tissue angiogenesis and fibrosis in these depots.
Tracking Population Status and Structure of Mediterranean Pen Shell Pinna Nobilis After a Mass Mortality Outbreak
Authors: Pensa Davide , Fianchini Alessandra , Grosso Luca , Ventura Daniele , Scardi Michele , Rakaj Arnold
Published: March 2022

The dramatic Mass Mortality Event, MME, of Pinna nobilis populations initially detected in 2016 in the western Mediterranean basin, has also spread rapidly to the central and eastern basin. Unfortunately, there is still a significant lack of information on the status and health of P. nobilis, since only a fragmentary picture of the mortality rate affecting these populations is available. Regarding the Italian coast, several surveys have given only localized or point-like views on the distribution of species and the effect of the MME. Therefore, for the first time, this study investigated P. nobilis densities, distribution and mortality in 164 surveys covering a total of 800 km along the southeast coast of Italy (Apulia region). The geographical scale of this investigation made it the largest ever conducted in Italy, and this was achieved through a rapid and standardized protocol. No live individuals were observed along the 92 km linear transects, allowing us to assess that the P. nobilis populations had totally collapsed, with a mortality rate of 100% in Apulia. The distributional pattern of the species showed a strong overlap with seagrass meadows on meso and macro geographical scale, however this was not the case on a micro scale. This result indicates that although there is a relationship between P. nobilis and seagrass meadows, it is not limited to the habitat patch but crosses the boundaries of seagrass. This observation led us to the conclusion that the distribution of P. nobilis shows a trophic link through the cross-boundary subsidy occurring from seagrass meadows to the nearby habitat, by means of the refractory detrital pathway.
Utilizing ferrorestorable polarization in energy storage ceramic capacitors
Authors: Matsuo Hiroki , Utsunomiya Masashi , Noguchi Yuji
Published: March 2022

A self-powered system with a long lifetime offers an opportunity to develop a next-generation, standalone Internet of Things. Ceramic capacitors are promising candidates for energy storage components because of their stability and fast charge/discharge capability. Even for state-of-the-art capacitors, the energy density needs to be increased markedly. Improving breakdown electric fields provides a potential solution, but operations at such high fields relying on unchanged dielectric permittivity sacrifice the lifetime to some degree. Here, we report a ferrorestorable polarization engineering capable of enhancing effective permittivity over twice. Our experiments and ab initio calculations demonstrate that a defect dipole composed of Cu3+ and oxygen vacancy in a prototypical ferroelectric BaTiO3 ceramic is coupled with spontaneous polarization. The resultant ferrorestorable polarization delivers an extraordinarily large effective relative permittivity beyond 7,000 with a high energy efficiency up to 89%. Our work paves the way to realizing efficient ceramic capacitors for self-powered applications.
Prognostic Factors Of Patients With Unexpected Pleural Dissemination During Thoracoscopic Surgery For Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Liang Jin-xiao , Wei Wei-tian , Gao Wei , Yang Xun , Liu Jin-shi
Published: March 2022

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with high degree of malignancy and early metastasis. A preoperative examination is undetectable when pleural dissemination of NSCLC occurs at an early stage, leading surgeons to detect pleural dissemination during surgery. However, there are few studies on the prognostic factors of NSCLC patients with pleural disseminated during surgery. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 54 patients with NSCLC with pleural dissemination found during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery to investigate the effects of clinical-pathological features, serum characteristics, surgical methods, and postoperative treatment on their prognosis. Results and conclusion: We found that squamous cell carcinoma (p=0.008), high level of serum GGT (p=0.046) and CA199 (p=0.001) were significantly correlated with the poor prognosis of NSCLC with pleural dissemination. Resection of the primary tumor was not necessary for patients who could receive targeted therapy after surgery, while for patients who receive chemotherapy after surgery, resection of the primary tumor, especially lobectomy, could obtain a better prognosis. Targeted therapy is preferred if there is a driving gene mutation after the operation, and immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy can be selected if there is no mutation. These results can provide a clinical basis for prognosis judgment and treatment decision of NSCLC patients with pleural dissemination found during the operation.
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/computed Tomography Comparison of Gastric Lymphoma and Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Xu Qiaoling , Wu Najing , He Huihui , Du Xiaoqing , Wang Yanjuan , Lou Kequan , Chen Liping , Zhang Yu , Yu Chunjing
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThis study aimed to compare the characteristics of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in gastric lymphoma (GL) and gastric carcinoma (GC). Patients with newly diagnosed GL or GC who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT prior to treatment were included in this study. The PET/CT features of gastric wall lesions, including FDG avidity, pattern, and intensity [maximal standard uptake value (SUVmax)] were reviewed and analyzed.ResultsA total of 68 patients with GL and 117 with GC were included in this study. Abnormal gastric FDG accumulation was found in 66 (97.05%) patients with GL and 109 (93.16%) patients with GC. Majority of the GL patients presented with type I and III lesions, whereas GC patients mainly with type II and III lesions. The SUVmax [14.89(6.56,22.12) vs 4.08(5.75,10.24), P<0.001) and SUVmax/THKmax (maximal thickness) [0.72(0.50,1,10) vs 0.39(0.28,0.64), P<0.000] were both higher in patients with GL when compared with GC. The SUVmax was higher in GL patients with DLBCL than in those with MALT (17.51±10.31 vs 4.97±2.92, P =0.0010) and higher in patients with advanced Lugano stage (II1/II2/IV) than in those with stage I (18.27±10.19 vs 9.92±9.22, P = 0.002). The ROC curve analysis suggested a better performance of SUVmax/THKmax in evaluating gastric lesions between GL and GC when compared to SUVmax alone.ConclusionsThe PET/CT features differed between GL and GC, and these can improve the evaluation of PET/CT of gastric wall lesions and help differentiate GL from GC.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROGRAM DELIVERY AND ACADEMIC SUPPORT TO THEPERFORMANCE AND REPUTATION OF A PRIVATE HEI IN THE PHILIPPINES
Authors: M. Valle EdD Azel
Published: March 2022

This study sought to determine the image and reputation of Liceo de Cagayan University as an educational institution through service quality and the satisfaction of the students, parents, and alumni. In this study, a total of 231 respondents were included broken down as follows: 140 students, 46 parents, and 45 alumni selected through convenience sampling. The study disclosed that, among the three stakeholders the alumni have the highest level of assessment along the four dimensions of service quality followed by the parents and the students respectively. As to the level of satisfaction, the alumni have the highest level of satisfaction followed by the parents and then the students. Finally, the indicators of service quality such as: tangibility, assurance, reliability, and responsiveness have a moderate relationship with the stakeholders satisfaction. In like manner, the parents, alumni, and students level of satisfaction on the quality of service of the university can be credited most from tangibility and reliability dimensions.
LE SYNDROME DE LA DENT COURONNEE : CAUSE RARE DE CERVICALGIES CHRONIQUES. A PROPOS DUN CAS ET REVUE DE LA LITTERATURE
Authors:   Service De Radiologie 20 aout, CHU IBN ROCHD, Casablanca., ElKorchi G. , Merzem A. ,   Service De Radiologie 20 aout, CHU IBN ROCHD, Casablanca., Boulhane S. ,   Service De Radiologie 20 aout, CHU IBN ROCHD, Casablanca., Assaad H. El ,   Service De Radiologie 20 aout, CHU IBN ROCHD, Casablanca., Belgadir H. ,   Service De Radiologie 20 aout, CHU IBN ROCHD, Casablanca., Moussali O.N. ,   Service De Radiologie 20 aout, CHU IBN ROCHD, Casablanca., Benna N.El ,   Service De Radiologie 20 aout, CHU IBN ROCHD, Casablanca.
Published: March 2022

Le syndrome de la dent couronnee est une atteinte microcristalline (hydroxyapatite ou pyrophosphate de calcium), initialement definie par le siÃ¨ge au niveau du ligament retro-odontoidien ou le ligament transverse, mais qui a ete par la suite elargie pour inclure toutes les structures ligamentaires peri-odontoidiennes. Le tableau clinique revelateur peut etre aigu par un syndrome pseudo-meningitique, ou chronique par des cervicalgies comme len est le cas dans notre observation.Le diagnostic positif repose sur la tomodensitometrie. Nous insistons, a travers cette observation, sur les critÃ¨res epidemiologiques, les formes cliniques ainsi que les aspects radiologiques permettant de retenir le diagnostic, et den discuter briÃ¨vement la prise en charge.
LENCEPHALOPATHIE DE GAYET-WERNICKE CHEZ UNE PATIENTE SUIVIE POUR PANCREATITE: A PROPOS DUN CAS
Authors:   Pole Anesthesie Reanimation Hospital Militaire Dinstruction Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc., Chouikh Chakib , Hammadi Hicham ,   Pole Anesthesie Reanimation Hospital Militaire Dinstruction Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc., Bouaiyda Ayoub ,   Pole Anesthesie Reanimation Hospital Militaire Dinstruction Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc., Kassimi Hamza ,   Pole Anesthesie Reanimation Hospital Militaire Dinstruction Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc., Alioui Mohamed ,   Pole Anesthesie Reanimation Hospital Militaire Dinstruction Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc., Jeddab Achraf ,   Pole Anesthesie Reanimation Hospital Militaire Dinstruction Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc., Halhoul Youssef ,   Pole Anesthesie Reanimation Hospital Militaire Dinstruction Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc., Khalil Mounir ,   Pole Anesthesie Reanimation Hospital Militaire Dinstruction Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc., Balkhi Hicham ,   Chef De Service De Reanimation Chirurgical Hopital Militaire Dinstruction Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc.
Published: March 2022

Gayet-Wernicke encephalopathy is a serious complication of thiamine deficiency characterized by a clinical triad: confusional state, oculomotor disturbances, and cerebellar ataxia. Alcoholism is the main cause of thiamine deficiency. Severe pancreatitis through prolonged fasting and vomiting may exceptionally give a similar clinical picture which sometimes poses diagnostic difficultiesDiagnosis is based on brain imaging by showing on MRI a T2 or FLAIR hypersignal affecting the peri-aqueductal region, the medial part of the thalamus, the floor of the fourth ventricle, the vermis, the mammillary bodies and, sometimes, the cortex. Treatment consists of rapid intravenous administration of thiamine. We report a case of 66-year-old patient followed for severe pancreatitis whose evolution was marked by the onset of a consciousness disorder whose investigations returned in favor of Gayet-Wernicke encephalopathy.
EVALUATION OF CEREBRAL VASCULAR ACCIDENT PROTOCOL USING VARIOUS MAGNETIC IMAGING RESONANCE SEQUENCES
Authors:   MGM School Of Biomedical Sciences MGM Institute Of Health Sciences, (Deemed University) Kamothe Navi Mumbai In The Partial Fulfillment Of Regulations For The Award Of The Degree Of Master Of Science In Medical Radiology And Imaging Technology., Jubi Thomas Kuttikattu , Gursale Abhay ,   MGM School Of Biomedical Sciences MGM Institute Of Health Sciences, (Deemed University) Kamothe Navi Mumbai In The Partial Fulfillment Of Regulations For The Award Of The Degree Of Master Of Science In Medical Radiology And Imaging Technology.
Published: March 2022

Aim: To evaluate the best result in stroke assessment using various MRI sequences. Background: Stroke is considered as a major disorder in todays world. MRI is used for diagnosis of CVA patients. MRI can identify accurately hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke patients in the acute, subacute and chronic stage. Hypothesis: Which sequence give detailed study of CVA in MRI? Data sources: As a literature review project, the methods and materials which supports this project are based on previous publications of the literature, indexed on Pubmed-Medline, Medscape, AMED,CINAHL and SCIRUS from 2000-2010. A computerized database search was performed using the Oxfords University OxLIP + interface and each of the article and studies that met the criteria for that project was evaluated. Even the data is collected from the MGM Hospital of Navi Mumbai. Result: In my study the findings were Diffusion MRI sequence was more sensitive for around 80% and FLAIR sequence was also specific (specificity near about 60%) for detection of early(Hyperacute to Acute) stroke cases. T2 axial sequences were more helpful in chronic stroke cases which is about 40% in specification along with GRE. FLAIR sequence was more helpful. Conclusion: MRI diffusion sequence is more specific and sensitive in Hyper acute and Acute stroke cases and FLAIR is helpful in Chronic stroke cases.
A STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE LEVELS OF BENEFICIARIES AND NON-BENEFICIARIES OF PMFBY IN TUMKUR DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA
Authors:   M.Sc (Agri.) Research Scholar, Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore., Hani Umme , Nagesha G. ,   Assoicate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, VC Farm, Mandya, UAS, Bangalore., Moorthy Ganesh ,   Assoicate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore., G.M Gaddi ,   Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore.
Published: March 2022

The study was based on data collected from 120 respondents comprising of beneficiaries and non beneficiaries of Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) selected using the random sampling technique from Tumkur district of Karnataka. The PMFBY intended to help farmers by providing stability in farm income and improve their confidence in farming. Sixteen independent variables were selected based on judges relevancy rating and were quantified using measurement devices. The data were collected using a pretested structured interview schedule and suitable statistical tools were used to analyze the data. Results of the study indicated that fairly higher proportion of the respondents (48.33%) had a favourable attitude towards the scheme. The variables like age, education, land holding, annual income, farming experience, extension contact, extension participation, social participation, scientific orientation, risk orientation, economic motivation, credit orientation and crops cultivated had positive and significant association with attitude of beneficiaries of PMFBY at five per cent level. Regarding knowledge level of beneficiaries it was observed that, more than half of them (53.33 %) belonged to medium knowledge level, 25 per cent belonged to high knowledge level and 21.67 per cent belonged to low knowledge level. The variables like age, annual income, education, land holding, farming experience, extension contact, extension participation, scientific orientation, cosmopoliteness, achievement motivation, mass media exposure and crops cultivated had positive and significant association with knowledge level. Risk orientation, economic motivation and credit orientation had positive and significant at one per cent level. However, social participation was not significantly associated with the knowledge on Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana. A comprehensive knowledge on scheme and insuring crops against natural disasters is having immense value.
ACTINOMYCOSIS OF THE SPINE AND ABDOMINOPELVIAN: CASE REPORT
Authors:   Departement Infectious Diseases Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech 40080 Amerchich Maroc., Komba Boussaga Yvonne , Aissam Griche ,   Departement Neurosurgery Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech 40080 Amerchich Maroc., Ghalmi Rabab ,   Departement Infectious Diseases Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech 40080 Amerchich Maroc., Niafam Etoughe Felicite ,   Departement Infectious Diseases Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech 40080 Amerchich Maroc., Elmi Hassan Habone ,   Departement Infectious Diseases Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech 40080 Amerchich Maroc., Ihbibane Fatima ,   Departement Infectious Diseases Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech 40080 Amerchich Maroc., Ait Benali Said ,   Departement Neurosurgery Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech 40080 Amerchich Maroc., Tassi Noura ,   Departement Infectious Diseases Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech 40080 Amerchich Maroc.
Published: March 2022

Actinomycosis is a very rare disease caused by Actinomyces israelii, a saprophytic bacterium of the oropharynx and genital tract of women. Its diagnosis is made difficult by the lack of clinical and radiological specificity. We report three cases of patients with actinomycosis of various locations, but with similar management. These cases recall the radio-clinical and therapeutic aspects of this rare infection. They underline the necessity of a microbiological diagnosis for any surgical specimen and the major importance of the histological study in the diagnosis of this condition.
IMPACT OF ACCREDITATION ON THE QUALITY OF MADRASAH ALIYAH EDUCATION AT EAST LAMPUNG DISTRICT
Authors:   Post-Graduate Program of Islamic Education Management Study Program, Raden Intan State Islamic University of Lampung, Indonesia., Insyi Sholikhati Zuni , Jamaluddin Wan ,   Post-Graduate Program of Islamic Education Management Study Program, Raden Intan State Islamic University of Lampung, Indonesia., Syahril Sulthon ,   Post-Graduate Program of Islamic Education Management Study Program, Raden Intan State Islamic University of Lampung, Indonesia., Makbulloh Deden ,   Post-Graduate Program of Islamic Education Management Study Program, Raden Intan State Islamic University of Lampung, Indonesia., Patimah Siti ,   Post-Graduate Program of Islamic Education Management Study Program, Raden Intan State Islamic University of Lampung, Indonesia.
Published: March 2022

Based on the analysis of research data it can be concluded that the impact of accreditation in MAN 1 Lampung Timur, namely: National exams and madrasah final exams with national standard, the average score reaches 9.6 and passes 100%. Community trust is increasing. the impact of accreditation in MA Muhammadiyah Purbolinggo. Accreditation is one of the ways carried out by the stakeholders in this matter the government to evaluate and control the education that has been carried out and all components and stakeholders have produced encouraging results including one of them getting an accreditation rating rank B. Impact of Accreditation MA Maarif NU 8 Taman Cari Public trust in the institution is increasing. Student achievements of MA Maarif NU 8 Taman Search both academically and non-academically, students faith and devotion to Allah SWT is increasing. Madrasah accreditation scores reach B, which is Good.
The flip side of multi-level marketing: A diagnosis of factors leading to the mass uptake of unregulated pyramid schemes in South Africa
Authors: Kayambazinthu Msosa Steven
Published: March 2022

This study sought to diagnose the factors leading to the mass uptake of unregulated pyramid schemes in South Africa. The study adopted an exploratory and qualitative research design. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 20 respondents using a non-probability sampling technique known as purposive sampling. The respondents were drawn from the target population of individuals who have previously used unregulated pyramid schemes. Data were analyzed using the Nvivo framework matrix. The findings of this study show that individuals are motivated to join pyramid schemes because of the expected benefit or return, accounting for 40%, followed by current economic conditions (30%), friends and family recommendation (15%), desire to get rich quickly (10%), and past performance of the scheme (5%). This study has contributed to the literature on multi-level marketing and pyramid schemes in South Africa and the developing world in general. It will further act as a launchpad for designing policies in the financial services sector.
Misinformation and Misconceptions About COVID-19 Vaccination in Pakistan: The Need to Control Infodemic
Authors: Afzal Saira
Published: March 2022

A unprecedented global public health and economic disaster have emerged from the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the COVID-19 causal agent. The World Health Organization (WHO) has labeled the outbreak a pandemic on March 11, 2020. The spread of this infectious disease has created a humanitarian and economic crisis throughout the world. Vaccination has been shown to be effective in preventing such pandemics 1. To prevent the spread of COVID-19, researchers developed COVID-19 vaccines in record time with the assistance of pharmaceutical industries. By December 2020, many candidate vaccines had demonstrated safety and efficacy in phase III trials,
with efficacy rates as high as 95%. The public's acceptance of vaccination is critical to the success of any immunization program2. Public suspicion about vaccines reduces their acceptance rate. It is well known that conspiracy theories and religious beliefs are linked to vaccine hesitation. During the 2009 pandemic, studies revealed low vaccine acceptance rates (17–67%)2,3,4. Contrary to developed countries, developing countries' vaccination refusal and hesitancy is more common, as preventable diseases like polio persist5. Vaccine hesitancy is one of the top ten global health threats in 2019, according to the World Health Organization (WHO)6,7.
Psychosocial Reactions of COVID-19 in Pakistan: A Psychometric Study
Authors: Saleem Sadia , Subhan Sara , Mahmood Zahid
Published: March 2022

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has created numerous psycho-social issues throughout the world. Aim: The current study is aimed at identifying and validating the psychosocial reactions of university students to current pandemic COVID-19. Methods: Mixed-methods research design was used. Initially, the presenting problems of 39 university studentswere collated and a list of 28 items was finalized and presented to 15 experienced clinical psychologists for the frequency of occurrence for Psychosocial Reaction Scale (PRS). An online survey was conducted on 510 university students with an age range of 17-26 (M=21.86; SD=2.94) and presented Psychosocial Reaction Scale (PRS) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) for construct validity. Results: Results of both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a two-factor model depressive symptoms and apprehension. The PRS shown a satisfactory internal consistency and construct validity. Conclusion: The findings are further discussed in the continual significance and counseling plans to handle adverse reactions of COVID-19 in Pakistani university students.
In-Hospital Outcome of Stroke at a Divisional Hospital of Pakistan
Authors: Raheem Umar , Ahmed Mian Saad , Bibi Kalsoom
Published: March 2022

Background: Stroke having two major types, is a clinical presentation which presents loss of brain function; risk factors & complications may vary and which ultimately can lead to death Objective: To determine stroke outcome and its association with factors and complications. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study, conducted from Nov 2015 to Aug 2016 at DHQ Teaching Hospital, KMU Institute of Medical Sciences, Kohat. A pre-designed questionnaire was adopted for data extraction. SPSS 25.0 was used; descriptive and inferential statistics were applied where needed Results: From 100 patients, male were 54% with mean age of 67.48±13.77 years, having 88% Ischemic stroke patients. Hypertension (79%) and family history (39%) were major risk factors while constipation (59%) and aspiration pneumonia (44%) were major complications with in-hospital mortality of 10%. The factors had a higher Prevalence Ratio (PR) for drug abuse (1.330), hypercholesterolemia (1.166), and hypertension (1.036) in ischemic stroke, while in hemorrhagic stroke PR was high for family history (1.918), heart diseases (1.173) and sedentary lifestyle (1.030). In complication, ischemic stroke had a higher PR for constipation (0.996), while hemorrhagic stroke had a higher PR for bed sores (3.286). The results shows an overall mortality of 10% only. Conclusion: The study concluded in-hospital mortality with ischemic stroke more common then hemorrhagic stroke. Hypertension and constipation were a prevalent risk factor and complication respectively. Family history, heart diseases, sedentary lifestyle and all complications were associated more with the hemorrhagic stroke while all other risk factors and no complications had a higher association with ischemic stroke.
Fornix Deepening by Using Amniotic Membrane Transplant
Authors: Qurban Qirat , Kamil Zeeshan , Mahmood Khalid
Published: March 2022

Objective: To assess the cosmetic outcomes of fornix deepening by using Amniotic membrane transplant in anophthalmic sockets in terms of good retention of ocular prosthesis. Abstract: Methods: This interventional case series was carried out at Khalid eye clinic, Karachi during the period of March 2019 to August 2019. Twenty-five patients belonging to either gender between the ages of 20 to 50 years were included, having anophthalmic sockets with fornix deformities incapable of retaining ocular prosthesis due to variable causes such as cicatrization, symblepharon, cyst, or poor conjunctival suturing technique following evisceration or enucleation. Amniotic membrane was transplanted following the division of bands, excision of cyst and release of adhesions. Pre and post fornix measurements were done and each patient was followed for a duration of six months after the operation to observe the cosmetic appearance and retention of ocular prosthesis. Results: Good cosmetic outcome with retention of ocular prosthesis was achieved in twenty-three (92%) cases, whereas two (8%) cases ended up in failure despite multiple surgeries. The mean pre-operative lower fornix depth was 3.8 ± 1.23 mm, which improved to 8.9 ± 1.10 mm (p- value < 0.001). None of the patients developed any infection or graft rejection. Conclusion: Fornix reconstruction in an anophthalmic socket is a challenging task, but a good cosmetic outcome can be achieved using amniotic membrane transplantation together with good oculoplastic surgical expertise.
Risk Factors Associated with Birth Asphyxia: A Case Control Study
Authors: Hassan Syed Bilal , Rana Saleem Muhammad , Hanif Asif , Gilani Syed Amir , Afzal Saira , Fatima Wafa , Moazzam Muhammad , Ashraf Tahira , Ayub Tayyaba , Yaqoob Muhammad , Naeem Muhammad , Faridi Tallat Anwar
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Birth asphyxia is a disturbance to the fetus or newborn due to failure to breath or breathing poorly, leads to decrease oxygen perfusion to various organs. Many neonatal deaths occurred each year due to birth asphyxia. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the risk factor associated with birth asphyxia. Methods: This Case-Control study was conducted at department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sir Gangaram Hospital, Lahore. The study was completed in 9 months after approval of synopsis. A total of 154 cases and 154 controls were taken in this study. All new born baby (age < 2 days), having any mod of delivery (vaginal or cesarean section (C-section) and baby born at gestational age (28-41weeks) were included. New born with any anomaly, mother with previous history of birth asphyxia and twins were excluded from study. After taking consent form, data collection divides into three factor sections i.e.: maternal, intrapartum and neonatal sections. After taking consent form, data collection divides into three factor sections i.e.: maternal, intrapartum and neonatal sections. Data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 24.0 Mean + SD was calculated for quantitative data. Frequency and percentage was calculated for categorical data. Chi-square test was applied for categorical data. Independent sample T-test/ Mann Whitney u test was applied. Odds ratio also be calculated. Logistic Regression was applied to confirm possible risk factors. P value ≤ 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The mean age of mothers in cases was 29.66 ± 5.20 years and in control groups was 25.29 ± 3.95 years, the mean of mothers was statistically higher in cases than controls, p-value