bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RECONSTRUCTION OF THE MEANING OF WIFE BEATING LICENSE IN THE QUR’AN
Authors: Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini , Miswari Miswari , Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: October 2023

This article aims to redefine the word ḍaraba in the Qur'an Surah An-Nisā’ 34. Some interpreters and jurists say that beating a wife is permissible if she leaves her obligations as a wife (nushūz) on the condition that it is in the context of education and does not injure or cause injury. Some other interpreters argue that the meaning of ḍaraba is a metaphor, that is, it does not mean hitting. However, this problem does not just end because the understanding of the mufassir who interprets ḍaraba as an order to hit is clear in the language rules, namely literal meaning. Thus, the debate over the license to beat one's wife in Islam is still a polemic and Islam is still imaged as a religion that gives a license to beat one's wife. This image makes it difficult for Islam to harmonize with modern humanism and it becomes almost impossible for ethical values in Islam to be offered as part of the values of modern humanism. This qualitative research examines the literature related to the research focus and interviews religious experts, especially commentators, to solve research problems. Interpretation of the review of the word ḍaraba is carried out through text analysis using a spiritual hermeneutic approach as systematized by Abdul Hadi WM and strengthened by the understanding of religious experts through interviews. The research findings show that the spirit of Surah An-Nisā’ 34 is in accordance with the spirit of humanism, especially regarding emancipation and gender equality. But the meaning of ḍaraba needs to be resolved through spiritual hermeneutics. So, even though it has an ontological basis that is different from modern humanism, Islamic values can be in harmony with modern humanism through this approach.
A Study on the Development of Prediction Model for Fleet Capacity of Dynamic Positioning Vessel in Response to Offshore Wind Farm Growth-Up
Authors: Kim JeongMin
Published: October 2023

To address global warming, there is a worldwide effort to establish carbon-neutral energy plans. Given the characteristics of renewable energy generation, a diverse 'Energy Mix' consisting of various energy sources such as wind and solar power is crucial. In particular, the wind power is expected to continue expanding globally due to its sustainable nature. Furthermore, the expan-sion of offshore wind farm is making essential and a rapidly growing industry sector to be achieving carbon neutrality with limited land for construction. To facilitate the construction and operation of offshore wind farms, specialized vessels with dynamic positioning (DP) systems are essential such as Wind Turbine Installation Vessels (WTIVs) and Service Operating Vessels (SOVs). The purpose of this study is to predict and analyze the scale and structural changes in the fleet capacity of DP vessel, which is essential for offshore wind power construction as the offshore wind power industry develops using System Dynamics (SD) modeling. Specifically, this study aims to construct a demand forecasting model for DP vessel used in offshore wind farm con-struction based on SD methodology. The study aims to identify influencing factors by analyzing dynamic changes in system configurations over time and establishing causal relationships based on feedback structures. Instead of traditional time series analysis methods, causal relation-ship-based simulations were conducted for quantitative analysis. The results provide insights into the changes in the DP vessel market structure due to the emergence of the new industry and highlight areas that require improvement throughout the industry.
Natural Functional Beverages as an Approach to Manage Diabetes
Authors: Carvalho Filomena , Branco Filipa , Lahlou Radhia Aitfella , Pires Paula , Salgado Manuel , Da Silva Luís R.
Published: October 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease, commonly associated with unhealthy habits and obesity, and it is becoming a serious health issue worldwide. As a result, new approaches to treat diabetes are required, and a movement towards more natural ones is emerging. Consuming fruit and vegetables is advised to prevent diabetes since they contain several bioactive compounds. A simple and ef-fective strategy to include them in the diets of diabetic and obese people is through beverages. This review aimed to report the anti-diabetic potential of different vegetable and fruit beverages. These functional beverages demonstrated in vitro potential to inhibit α-glucosidase and α-amylase en-zymes, and to improve glucose uptake. In vivo, the beverage consumption showed a reduction of blood glucose, increase of insulin tolerance, improvement of lipid profile, control of obesity, and reduction of oxidative stress. This suggests the potential of vegetable and fruit-based functional beverages to be a natural innovative therapy for the management of diabetes.
When and Where to Restore Coral Reefs: The Key Role of Pre-Launch Assessment to Reef Restoration
Authors: Tiu Dylan , Abelson Avigdor
Published: October 2023

Coral recruitment is an important factor to coral reefs in maintaining their health. Currently, numerous coral reefs are facing extreme degradation, which protection and therefore rehabilitation practices are required to reverse. The present study explores the potential role of coral recruitment assessment by citizen scientists about the impacts of human influences towards coral reefs through measurement of coral recruitment values. Only a very small number of studies use forms of pre-launch assessment prior to reef restoration. These methods are able to properly guide vital decision-making information for reef rehabilitation methods and locations. In this initial study we observe significant relationships between reefs with higher coral recruitment values and their health. As compared to other average coral reef values, the reef we measured had higher recruitment values on average. Two sections of the reef had noticeably higher mean corals per square meter compared to average values, while a third section of the reef had a lower frequency. This section has been brought to concern through the pre-launch assessment, and has potential for rehabilitation through coral transplantation and a reduction of anthropogenic actions within the area.
Origin of Giant Rashba Effect in Graphene on Pt/SiC
Authors: Rybkina Anna A. , Gogina Alevtina A. , Tarasov Artem V. , Xin Ye , Voroshnin Vladimir Yu. , Pudikov Dmitrii A. , Klimovskikh Ilya I. , Petukhov Anatoly E. , Bokai Kirill A. , Yuan Chengxun , Zhou Zhongxiang , Shikin Alexander M. , Rybkin Artem G.
Published: October 2023

Intercalation of noble metals can produce giant Rashba-type spin-orbit splittings in graphene. The spin-orbit splitting more than 100 meV has not yet been achieved in graphene on a metallic or a semiconductor substrate. Here, we report the p-type graphene obtained by Pt intercalation of zero-layer graphene on SiC substrate. The spin splitting of ∼200 meV was observed at a wide range of binding energies. Comparing the results of theoretical studies of different models with the experimantal ones measured by spin-ARPES, XPS and STM methods, we came to the conclusion that inducing giant spin-orbit splitting requires not only a fairly close arrangement of graphene to Pt layer, but also the presence of graphene corrugation caused by non-flat Pt layer. This makes it possible to find a compromise between strong hybridization and increased spin-orbit interaction. In our case, this is achieved by forming Pt submonolayer ordered on a nanometer scale under graphene.
CO2 Mitigation Potential of Traditional Agroforestry Systems along Elevations in Tehri District of North West Himalaya, India
Authors: Vikrant K K , Chauhan D S , Rizvi R H
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Agroforestry has a sustainable attributes with both tangible and nontangible benefits. In this study carbon mitigation and credits potential of traditional agroforestry systems at different elevations were evaluated. These traditional systems are: Agrihortisilviculture system (AHS), Agrihorticulture system (AH) and Agrisilviculture system (AS). Stand density, living biomass carbon and soil carbon were measured in each sample plot. The results were that stand density of woody perennials varied from 61 to 233 tree ha-1 across t elevations and systems, and , Grewia oppositifoila was the predominant tree species occupying most of the agroforestry land use system. Plant and soil organic carbon were significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) among systems and elevations. Total carbon including plant and soil was significantly higher in the AH system at upper elevations. Total carbon emmision mitigation varied with changing elevations and systems, being highest at lower elevation with AHS system. The total carbon credits was also recorded high at lower elevation, whereas the total value of C credits was higher at mid elevation due to the estimated agroforestry area. The total value of C credits from all agroforestry systems was observed (128977.59 €) of the study area.
Influence of Sensor Position for Measurement of Lateral Acceleration of Delivery Van
Authors: Jagelcak Juraj , Kubanova Jaroslava
Published: October 2023

The use of sensors in monitoring of lateral accelerations in delivery van transport focuses on measuring lateral accelerations on routes with roundabouts and curves to increase road safety. Using microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sensors, it measures the lateral accelerations acting on the vehicle and the load being transported during the test drives to study vehicle dynamics for cargo securing. Using an accelerometer and position tracking, accelerations can be detected when traversing curves and roundabouts at selected locations on the vehicle. The level of accelerations on the roof of the vehicle was found to be like those occurring on a lashed load with limited movements, where regression analysis can be used to determine the relationship between lateral accelerations at different sensor positions. If we compare the mean values of the lateral accelerations of the individual events between the sensors, the sensor on the side of the vehicle body at the height of the sensor on the load had approximately 5% lower mean values than the sensor on the roof. The sensor on the load measured approximately 5% higher mean values than the sensor on the roof. Hence, the mean lateral accelerations of the individual events for the sensor on the load are 10% higher than for the sensor at the same height on the vehicle body. From the above testing, we can say that the values of the mean lateral accelerations of the van from the sensor on the roof of the vehicle, are closer to the values of the accelerations of the sensor on the load than to the values of the sensor on the body of the vehicle at the same height.
Advances in Modulating Mechanical Properties of Gelatin-based Hydrogel in Tissue Engineering
Authors: Azmir Nurul , Moni Noyon , Gobetti Anna , Ramorino Giorgio , Dey Kamol
Published: October 2023

In the last two decades, gelatin-based hydrogels have been widely used as tissue engineering scaffolds due to their excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, easy processability, transparency, non-toxicity, and reasonable structural similarity to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). However, intrinsic low mechanical properties of gelatin are not structurally and mechanically suitable to support cell growth and proliferation. That’s why various crosslinking strategies including physical, chemical, enzymatic and combination of them as well as networking patterns including double network, interpenetrating network and nano reinforcing mechanism have been utilized to enhance the structural stability and mechanical integrity of gelatin. In this review, the advances in modulating the mechanical properties of gelatin-based hydrogels for the design and development of structurally stable scaffolds for tissue engineering are discussed. The optimized crosslinking parameters with the adequate mechanical properties of gelatin-based hydrogels are reviewed. Gelatin-based scaffolds for a wide range of tissue engineering applications, such as bone, cartilage, cardiac, skin, and nerve tissue engineering are also outlined. Lastly, current challenges and future perspectives in this research field are presented.
Epidemiology of Bovine Digital Dermatitis (BDD) in Beef Cattle in the Amazon Biome
Authors: Barbosa José Diomedes , Dos Santos Janayna Barroso , Oliveira Hanna Gabriela da Silva , Ferreira Tatiane Teles Albernaz , Da Silveira José Alcides Sarmento , Barbosa Camila Cordeiro , Brito Marilene Farias , Da Silveira Natalia da Silva e Silva , Oliveira Carlos Magno Chaves , Bomjardim Henrique dos Anjos , Salvarani Felipe Masiero
Published: October 2023

BDD is a hoof disease characterized by inflammation of the second and fifth accessory digits and the skin in this region. This pathology is scarcely described in the literature; however, it has recently been observed in beef cattle in the Amazon Biome region. The objective of this study was to identify the epidemiological factors associated with BDD onset in cattle in the analyzed biome. Samples were collected from eight farms with extensive breeding systems located in Xinguara, Rondon do Pará, Curionópolis, and Ipixuna do Pará, in the state of Pará, Brazil. A total of 706 Nellore and Nellore crossbred with taurine animals of both sexes were evaluated, with males aged between 2–4 years and a mean weight of 650 kg and females aged between 2–11 years and a mean weight of 400 kg. Distal extremities were inspected during cattle management, and in case of accessory digit lesions, a specific examination was carried out after proper restraint. Animals were diagnosed with BDD in all farms analyzed. Of the 706 cattle inspected, 49 (6.94%) showed BDD, of which 19 (38.77%) were Nellore and 30 (61.22%) were crossbred. This was the first study to determine BDD’s occurrence in extensive farming systems in the Amazon region, also showing that pastures with large amounts of stumps and stones, the physical structure of pens, and trauma and injury incidence during animal management are the most important predisposing factors for the onset of BDD.
The Advantages of Non-Adhesive Gel-like Embolic Materials in the Endovascular Treatment of Benign Hypervascularised Lesions of the Head and Neck
Authors: Petrov Andrey , Ivanov Arkady , Kolomin Egor , Tukanov Nikita , Petrova Anna , Rozhchenko Larisa , Suvorova Ulia
Published: October 2023

Objectives: Non-adhesive gel-like embolic materials (NAGLEMs) are becoming increasingly dominant in the endovascular treatment of hypervascularised formations in the head and neck due to a combination of their key properties. The main advantages include their lack of adhesion, effective distribution and penetration through pathological vessels, and crucially, their controlla-bility during the process. Our assigned duty was to scrutinise the literature and assess the efficacy and outcomes of administering NAGLEMs, in comparison to other embolizing substances (name-ly, coils, glue, and particles), among patients treated at our clinic. The procedures involved ana-lyzing the technical aspects, efficiency, and safety of endovascular therapy applied to two catego-ries of hypervascular pathological anomalies, surgically managed from 2015 to 2023. Arteriove-nous malformations (AVMs) located in the head, neck, and paragangliomas with jugular/carotid body localization are combined by intense shunting blood flow and shared requirements for em-bolizates used in endovascular treatment (such as penetration, distribution, delayed polymeriza-tion and controllability). An analysis of the literature was also conducted. Results showed 18 pa-tients diagnosed with neck paragangliomas of the carotid body and jugular type. Five patients with arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the face and neck were included, consisting of 16 fe-males and 7 males with an average age of 55 ± 13 years. Endovascular procedures were conduct-ed using NAGLEMs (ONYX (Medtronic), SQUID (Balt), and PHIL (Microvention)) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-compatible balloon catheters. All patients achieved complete or partial embo-lization of hypervascularized formations using one or more stages of endovascular treatment. Additionally, three AVMs of the face and two paragangliomas of the neck were surgically ex-cised following embolization. In other instances, formations were not deemed necessary to be re-moved. The patients' condition upon discharge was assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRs) and rated between 0 and 2. Conclusion: Currently, NAGLEMs are predominantly used to treat hypervascularized formations in the neck and head due to their fundamental properties. These properties include a lack of adhesion and a delay in predictable polymerization (after 30-40 minutes). NAGLEMs also exhibit excellent distribution and penetration throughout the vascular bed of the formation. Adequate controllability of the process is largely achieved through the pres-ence of embolism forms of different viscosity, as well as excellent X-ray visualization.
Alkaline Fading of Malachite Green in β-Cyclodextrins
Authors: Soria-Lopez Anton , Rodriguez-Fernández Raquel , Mejuto Juan C.
Published: October 2023

The basic hydrolysis of Malachite Green in the presence of β-Cyclodextrin has been studied and a catalytic effect has been found. Indeed, this basic hydrolysis is catalyzed by the interaction of deprotonated cyclodextrin hydroxyl group with the carbocation in the host-guest complex. This behavior is like the hydrolysis of Cristal Violet in the same reaction media.
RS Transformer: A Two-Stage Region Proposal Using the Swin Transformer for Few-Shot Pest Detection in Automated Agricultural Monitoring Systems
Authors: Wu Tengyue , Shi Liantao , Zhang Lei , Wen Xingkai , Lu Jianjun , Li Zhengguo
Published: October 2023

Agriculture is pivotal in national economies, with pest detection significantly influencing food quality and quantity. Pest classification remains challenging in automated agriculture monitoring systems, exacerbated by the non-uniform pest scales and the scarcity of high-quality datasets. In this study, we constructed a pest dataset by acquiring domain-agnostic images from the Internet and resizing them to a standardized 299x299 pixel format. Additionally, we employed diffusion models to generate supplementary data. While Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are prevalent for prediction and classification, they often lack effective global information integration and discriminative feature representation. To address these limitations, we propose the RS Transformer, an innovative model that combines elements like the Region Proposal Network, Swin Transformer, and ROI Align. Additionally, we introduce the Randomly Generated Stable Diffusion Dataset (RGSDD) to augment the availability of high-quality pest datasets. Extensive experimental evaluations demonstrate the superiority of our approach compared to both two-stage models (SSD and Faster R-CNN) and one-stage models (YOLOv3, YOLOv4, YOLOv5m, YOLOv8, and DETR). We rigorously assess performance using metrics such as mean Average Precision (mAP), F1Score, Recall, and mean Detection Time (mDT). Our research contributes to advancing pest detection methodologies in automated agriculture systems, promising improved food production and quality.
Selective roles of Interleukin-10 Family Members (IL-10, IL-19, IL-22) and Varying Levels of Obesity in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes in Patients from Asir Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mir Mohammad Muzaffar , Alfaifi Jaber , Sohail Shahzada Khalid , Rizvi Syeda Fatima , Alghamdi Mushabab A. , Mir Rashid , Wani Javed Iqbal , Sabah Zia UL , Alhumaydhi Fahad A. , Alremthi Fahad , AlQahtani AbdulElah Al Jarallah , Alharthi Muffarah Hamid , Ishag Masoud , Elfaki Imadeldin , Sonpol Hany M. A.
Published: October 2023

Background. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is becoming a major global health concern, especially in poorer nations. The high prevalence of obesity and the ensuing diabetes I attributed to rapid economic progress, physical inactivity, consumption of high-calorie foods, and changing lifestyles.
Objectives. We investigated the role of interleukins-10 , 19 and 22 with varying levels of obesity in T2DM in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia.
Materials and methods. 170 confirmed T2DM patients and a control group were enrolled. The demographic data, serum levels of IL-10, IL-19, and IL-22, and biochemical indices were assessed in patients and control groups by standard procedures.
Results. T2DM patients were divided into four groups: A (normal body weight), B (Overweight), C (obese), and D (highly obese). Both male and female T2DM subjects in Group A showed significant decreases in IL-10 levels as compared to controls; however, there were insignificant changes in IL-10 levels in Groups C and D. T2DM patients in groups C and D, in both males and females, depicted very significant (p 0.001) increases in IL-19 levels as compared to controls and group A. Patient groups A to D displayed a progressive elevation of Il-22 levels irrespective of gender, although significant alterations were seen only in groups B to D, with p 0.05 for group B and p 0.01 for groups C and D respectively, as compared to healthy controls.
Conclusions. IL-10 showed a strong relationship with T2DM in males with varying degrees of obesity, but females depicted relatively higher IL-10 levels in obese and highly obese groups, pointing to a protective phenomenon. IL-19 levels showed significant increases in all four groups, irrespective of gender. IL-22 appears to be unrelated to T2DM per se but shows an association with varying degrees of obesity.
The Risk of Death among Patients with Healthcare-Associated Infections and Cardiovascular Diseases Admitted in Intensive Care Unit in Romania
Authors: Budianu Mihaela Alexandra , Moraru Liviu , Budianu Bogdan Mihai , Kovacs Judit , Voidăzan Septimiu
Published: October 2023

Nowadays, healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) represent a major global public health problem and the burden of these infections is high. In order to reduce the incidence of HAIs and to prevent the spread antibi-otics resistant organisms is mandatory to develop surveillance systems. We undertook a retrospective case-control study of all patients presenting HAIs admitted in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in order to assess risk factors associated with death among patients with HAIs. Patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit who died were more likely to present an infection with a multidrug resistant bacteria, an infection with Acineto-bacter baumannii, and to suffer from acute myocardial infarction. Among the patients enrolled in the study, a higher probability of death was also observed in association with certain gram-negative pathogens: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The longer the patient remains admitted in ICU, the higher the risk of getting an infection that can often become fatal. Acquiring a noso-comial infection also increases the length of hospitalization which will lead to increased financial damage.
Ontology of the Universal Subspace of Common Digital Space of Scientific Knowledge
Authors: Kalenov Nikolay Evgenevich , Vlasova Svetlana Aleksandrovna , Sotnikov Alexander Nikolaevich
Published: October 2023

The work is a development of research conducted by the authors in the field of creating a Common Digital Space of Scientific Knowledge (CDSSK). In the framework of previous studies, a unified structure for representing the ontology of the elements of the CDSSK (subspaces, classes and attributes of objects, relationships between objects or attributes) was proposed. This paper presents a variant of the ontology of the universal subspace (AXES) of the CDSSK, proposed by the authors, built in accordance with the developed structure. There are defined 10 subject and 10 auxiliary classes of objects In the described model of USS. Among the subject classes are “persons”, “publications”, “museum objects”, “events”, etc. Among the auxiliary ones are “formats”, “units of measurement”, “languages”, etc. The paper contains reference book of each class, is built in accordance with the ontology structure model, a list of object attributes, their directories and examples of static dictionaries.
Can the Contribution of Software Decisions to Program Performance Be Measured?
Authors: Andreyeva Tatiana Anatolievna , Gorodnyaya Lidia Vasiljevna
Published: October 2023

The article concerns measurement of the effect that programming solutions have on productivity of programming and on program performance, and to their connection with educational programming and program improvement in practice. When program effectiveness is measured directly, the productivity of a complex consisting of a computer, a compiler, and a program is really measured instead of the productivity of programming solutions. These measurements do not fully reflect the contribution of programming solutions. And the functional models can provide a metric scale capable to separate features of programming languages and systems from features of programs and programming solutions. One of possible approaches is to measure the productivity of programs and programming solutions on the basis of normalized functional forms and thereby to reduce the dependence of measurements on hardware and programming systems.
Towards Building the Knowledge Graph for a Collection of Mathematical Articles
Authors: Gizatullin Bulat Timurovich , Nevzoova Olga Avenirovna
Published: October 2023

This paper describes the process of creating a knowledge graph for a collection of mathematical articles in the Russian language, gathered from the "Izvestiya VUZov. Matematika" journal. The collection consists of approximately 1100 documents in LaTex format. The work involves constructing an ontology for the collection of mathematical articles, which will serve as the basis for the created knowledge graph. Various article objects are extracted from the collection, including universal decimal classification codes, authors, titles, used formulas, articles publication dates, authors affiliations and references to other works. Each object is recorded through a specific relationship in the knowledge graph. Thematic modeling is also performed on the collection using the latent Dirichlet allocation method, for which optimal hyperparameters are selected. The document themes are recorded in the knowledge graph through relationships. An interesting approach is used for extracting mathematical terms. In this work, mathematical entities are identified in the documents using the OntoMathPRO ontology. During the knowledge graph construction process, tools were developed that allow the creation of a knowledge graph on any collection that meets the patterns of the original collection. The resulting knowledge graph can serve as a foundation for various research purposes and the development of intelligent systems, that can be used by researchers, journals, as well as students.
Access to the List of HAC through the user interface
Authors: Polilova Tatyana Alekseevna
Published: October 2023

The List of scientific journals of the Higher Attestation Commission (HAC) is gradually turning into a complex information system tied to the normative documents of the HAC, bibliometric data from eLibrary.ru, decisions of the expert councils of the HAC and working groups engaged in the analysis, ranking and categorization of the journals of the List. An urgent task is to create an officially recognized information system that ensures the filling and development of the List of HAC with access interfaces for different categories of users. The system should include an open interface addressed to the degree applicant to verify compliance with the requirements of the HAC for publications in journals from the List.
Dataset publication
Authors: Ermakov Alexey Viktorovitch
Published: October 2023

The paper deals with issues related to the creation of data archives, their publication and placement of their metadata in the Crossref bibliographic database.
Overview of software tools to create an HTML version of journal article from source material in Word format
Authors: Skornyakova Rimma Yuryevna
Published: October 2023

Along with the traditional form of electronic presentation of full texts of scientific articles - the PDF format - in recent years, the HTML format 333 has become widespread. HTML has a number of advantages for online publications due to the availability of means for better material structuring, adding multimedia content, and implementing various kinds of interactive and dynamic possibilities. In this regard, the task of obtaining an HTML version of a scientific article from the original format of the material sent by the author becomes very relevant. The history of publishing full texts of scientific articles in HTML format is about 30 years old, but a unified approach to the preparation of such publications and tools accessible to all have not been developed during this time. Workflows of obtaining HTML-versions of articles in different publishers may be different. The approach largely depends on the personnel and financial capabilities of the publishing house. The paper considers the most popular of these approaches and describes the software tools applicable depending on the chosen approach. The main attention is paid to the tools used for source texts in Word format.
Testing the OpenvSwitch module of the Linux kernel network subsystem
Authors: Nikeshin Alexei Viacheslavovich , Shnitman Victor Zinovievich
Published: October 2023

This paper presents the experience of researching the security of the OpenvSwitch module of the Linux kernel network subsystem. Today Linux is one of the most popular operating systems in the world. The quality of the code of this OS (and in particular its kernel) directly affects the reliability and security of the entire range of products based on it. The international community of Linux developers is making great efforts to improve its reliability, using all kinds of testing methods and error detections. However, the number of new errors detected annually and the number of old errors that have not been corrected shows that these efforts are clearly insufficient. The methods of architectural analysis and fuzzing testing of the OpenvSwitch module were applied in the work. The syzkaller tool was used for fuzzing testing. One error, accepted into the main branch of the kernel, was found. The work is part of the project of the Linux Verification Center (ISP RAS).
Relative programming language definition
Authors: Gorodnyaya Lidia Vasiljevna
Published: October 2023

The article proposes a formalism that supports the relative definition of programming languages, allowing you to clearly express the difference between languages when analyzing and comparing them, as well as when defining new languages based on already known ones. Formalism is an extension of the BNF, in which the names of the concepts used can be accompanied by an indication of foreign concepts from other languages. As a result, it becomes possible to specify parts of the used concept, such as variants of the definition or implicit concepts, up to a syntactic position. The syntactic position can be specified using a terminal string, symbolizing the choice of a variant of the definition of a concept or indicating an implicit concept, the unnamed definition of which is located immediately after the string.
Price Channels of the Multitrading System
Authors: Kasparinsky Felix Osvaldovich
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of the formation of price channels that limit fluctuations in quotations of financial instruments in the Forex Internet market. Price channels are used to predict the properties of groups of oscillations with a similar limit of deviation from the level of dynamic equilibrium between supply and demand. The stages of formation of a single oscillation (unidirectional price change) are considered in the context of Charles Dow's theory as a cooperative result of the actions of Internet traders interacting through Internet trading terminals. The specifics of constructing standard deviation and regression channels, equidistant price channels and Fibonacci channels, as well as Andrews Pitchfork are analyzed. A method has been developed for determining the location of Andrews Pitchfork pivot points using the signals of complex indicators of the multitrading system in the Metatrader 5 terminal. Correspondence of price fluctuations on two segments between three pivot points of Andrews Pitchfork to the first and second Elliott Waves has been established. Signals for verifying the relevance and loss of priority of Andrews Pitchfork are determined. The principles for determining and using a Trading group of three Analytical windows with different time scales are formulated: Andrews Pitchfork is formed in the Operational window with the smallest time scale, Tactical window indicators with a 4-fold time scale allow to unmask the boundaries of oppositely directed oscillations of the trend group, indicators of the Strategic window with a 16-fold time scale reveals the boundaries of the trend group of oscillations. The signs of a preliminary determination of the specifics of the Andrews Pitchfork structure are listed. A regulation has been created for the simultaneous use of Andrews Pitchforks formed on price charts with different time scales. Techniques for using the principles of interaction of Andrews Pitchforks of different scales to predict trends in the prices of financial instruments of various types are given. The ways of using Andrews Pitchfork to determine the optimal trading strategy in accordance with the specifics of financial instruments are discussed. Examples of tactical use of channels are given with evidence of their predictive power for medium and long-term trading strategies. Prospects for further research on the phenomenology of price channels are outlined.
Requirement Development of a Robot that Supports Construction Management Using Tracked Vehicle for Rough Terrain
Authors: Ohtsuka Aiko , Kawaguchi Atsuo , Yachida Masuyoshi , Kudo Koichi , Yamashina Ryota , Fujii Takayuki , Yanagihara Yoshitaka
Published: October 2023

We conducted a study on the user experience design process ((i) research and analysis, (ii) concept design, and (iii) prototyping) to identify the requirements for a robot for supporting construction management. From this study, seven hypotheses were obtained for these requirements. One horizontal prototype satisfying three of these hypothesized requirements and three local prototypes satisfying one hypothesis each were created. The prototypes were evaluated in the field. The remaining one hypothesis was not tested at this time due to the longer trial period required for validation. It would be more appropriate to validate it during the evaluation of the vertical prototype or the system as a whole. Based on the results of the field evaluation, it was made clear that the hypothesized six requirements are reasonable requirements for a robot to support construction management.
Wastewater-Informed Digital Advertising as a COVID-19 Geotargeted Neighborhood Intervention: Jefferson County, Kentucky, 2021–2022
Authors: Anderson Lauren B. , Ness Heather D. , Holm Rochelle H. , Smith Ted
Published: October 2023

We sought to deliver a geotargeted digital health advertising intervention. We assessed risk of community infection through an integrated public health and wastewater rubric and delivered advertisements between November 2021 and April 2022 in Louisville, Kentucky. The average daily click-through rates for the campaigns were 0.19%, 0.15%, and 0.13%. Results show potential for digital public health interventions that are geographically anchored to subcity sewersheds and community interest and willingness to engage with targeted wastewater-themed public health messaging. (Am J Public Health. 2024;114(1):34–37. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307439 )
Considering Mobility Status and Home Environment in Readmission Risk After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Johnson Joshua K. , Pasqualini Ignacio , Tidd Joshua , Klika Alison K. , Jones Gabrielle , Piuzzi Nicolas S.
Published: October 2023

Background:

Discharge disposition following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) offers varying levels of post-acute care monitoring depending on the medical status of the patient and his or her ability to function independently. Discharge disposition following TKA is associated with 30-day and 90-day hospital readmission, but prior studies have not consistently considered confounding due to mobility status after TKA, available caregiver support, and measures of home area deprivation. The purpose of this study was to examine 30-day and 90-day readmission risk for patients discharged to a skilled nursing facility (SNF) following TKA after controlling specifically for these factors, among other covariates.

Methods:

This was a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing TKA at any of 11 hospitals in a single, large, academic health-care system between January 2, 2017, and August 31, 2022, who were discharged to an SNF or home health care (HHC). The adjusted relative risk of readmission within 30 and 90 days of discharge to an SNF compared with HHC was estimated using modified Poisson regression models.

Results:

There were 15,212 patients discharged to HHC and 1,721 patients discharged to SNFs. Readmission within 30 days was 7.1% among patients discharged to SNFs and 2.4% among patients discharged to HHC; readmission within 90 days was 12.1% for the SNF group and 4.8% for the HHC group. The adjusted relative risk after discharge to an SNF was 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79 to 1.46; p = 0.65) for 30-day readmission and 1.45 (95% CI, 1.16 to 1.82; p < 0.01) for 90-day readmission.

Conclusions:

Discharge to an SNF compared with HHC was independently associated with 90-day readmission, but not with 30-day readmission, after controlling for mobility status after TKA, available caregiver support, and home Area Deprivation Index, among other covariates.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Supplementation of mineral nutrients limits the viral RNA accumulation and systemic spread in Vigna unguiculata infected with Groundnut bud necrosis virus
Authors: Singh Ajeet , Narwal Sneh , Mishra Gyan P , Meena Nand Lal , Maheshwari Chirag , Praveen Shelly
Published: October 2023

Groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV), a tripartite ambisense RNA genome containing plant virus fall under the family Bunyaviridae and genus Tospovirus. It infects majorly the crops belonging to the leguminosae and solanaceae families, causing characteristic symptoms such as chlorotic and necrotic spots on the leaves. Previously we reported that GBNV infection cycle induces the necrotic cell death at inoculated site and early senescence at the systemic site in the GBNV inoculated plants. In the current study we tried to understand the effect of macro and micro-nutrient supplementation on the viral disease development during GBNV infection in cowpea plant. We found that supplementation of macro-nutrients P (Phosphorus) and K (Potassium), and micro-nutrient Zn (Zinc) reduced the viral accumulation and inhibits the viral spread to systemic site. Whereas the supplementation of micro-nutrient Mn (Manganese) did not show any effect on disease development. Infected plants showed the chlorotic spots at inoculated site, those turned to necrotic as the infection progressed. Occurrence of oxidative stress was judged by the increased concentration of H2O2 (ROS) both at inoculated and systemic sites. ROS concentration was lower in the plants supplemented with nutrients P, K and Zn than the Mn supplemented and non-supplemented plants. We also we conducted a comparative analysis of antioxidants enzymes activities and examined oxidative stress responsive micro RNAs (miRNAs) along with their corresponding target transcripts in cowpea plants infected with GBNV at both inoculated and systemic sites. Antioxidants enzymes activities such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), were more induced in the plants supplemented with nutrients P, K and Zn than the supplemented with Mn and non-supplemented plants during viral infection. We also found the up-regulation of miR319 controlling metacaspase, responsible for initiation of cell death and down-regulation of miR398 and mir482 controlling COX-5b (Cytochrome C oxidase subunit 5b) and NBS-LRR genes, respectively in the plants supplemented with nutrients P, K and Zn than the supplemented with Mn and non-supplemented plants. Production of stress signals in plant induced with supplementation of macro and micro-nutrients with reduction in viral symptoms both at inoculation and systemic sites are also discussed.
Antigen-Specific Chemokine Profiles as Biomarkers for Detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Authors: Ren Weicong , Ma Zichun , Li Qiang , Liu Rongmei , Ma Liping , Yao Cong , Shang Yuanyuan , Zhang Xuxia , Gao Mengqiu , Li Shanshan , Pang Yu
Published: October 2023

Background
Latent tuberculosis (TB) infection can progress to active TB, which perpetuates community transmission that undermines global TB control efforts. Clinically, interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) are commonly used for active TB case detection. However, low IGRA sensitivity rates lead to false-negative results for a high proportion of active TB cases, thus highlighting IGRA ineffectiveness in differentiating MTB-infected individuals from healthy individuals.
Methods
Participants enrolled at Beijing Chest Hospital from May 2020-April 2022 were assigned to healthy control (HC), LTBI, IGRA-positive TB, and IGRA-negative TB groups. Screening cohort MTB antigen-specific blood plasma chemokine concentrations were measured using Luminex xMAP assays then were verified via testing of validation cohort samples.
Results
A total of 302 individuals meeting study inclusion criteria were assigned to screening and validation cohorts. Testing revealed significant differences in blood plasma levels of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL16, CXCL21, CCL1, CCL19, CCL27, TNF-α, and IL-4 between IGRA-negative TB and HC groups. Levels of CXCL9, CXCL10, IL-2, and CCL8 biomarkers were predictive for active TB, as reflected by AUC values of ≥ 0.9. CXCL9-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay sensitivity and specificity rates were 95.9% (95%CI: 91.7–98.3) and 100.0% (92.7–100.0), respectively. Statistically similar AUC values were obtained for CXCL9 and CXCL9-CXCL10 assays, thus demonstrating that combined analysis of CXCL10 and CXCL9 levels did not improve active TB diagnostic performance.
Conclusion
The MTB antigen stimulation-based CXCL9 assay may compensate for low IGRA diagnostic accuracy when used to diagnose IGRA-negative active TB cases and thus is an accurate and sensitive alternative to IGRAs for detecting MTB infection.
Exploring ESL Teachers’ Experiences about ICT-Based 4Cs Skills: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Soomro Raja Bahar Khan , Khan Riffat Abbas , Rind Irfan Ahmed
Published: October 2023

This study examines the experiences of university-level English as a Second Language (ESL) teachers in relation to the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-based 4Cs (communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and creativity) skills in English language teaching and learning. The research aims to explore the impact of 4Cs skills on the teaching and learning process, particularly in the context of ESL education. Through a phenomenological study approach, data have been collected through semi-structured interviews with the five ESL teachers of a public sector university's education department. The recorded semi-structured interviews were transcribed into verbatim form and analyzed thematically to gain insights into the ESL teachers' experiences and perceptions regarding ICT-based 4Cs skills. The phenomenological approach offered a rich and nuanced understanding of the five ESL teachers’ experiences by exploring the subjective meanings they attribute to their lived experiences. The findings provided valuable insights into the experiences of ESL teachers and emphasize the significance of ICT-based 4Cs skills in the 21st century. The results highlight the effectiveness of various teaching techniques in implementing these skills but also identify challenges faced by ESL teachers when teaching ESL learners. Overall, this research underscores the importance of integrating ICT-based 4Cs skills in ESL instruction and contributes to the understanding of their implementation in the field of education.
Posterior plating as an alternative to external fixators in the first stage of treatment of pilon fracture with anteromedial soft tissue injury
Authors: Sabbaghzadeh Amir , Gorji Mona , Rezaiyan Mohammad Sadegh , Gholipour Morteza , abbasi Fatemeh , amani hanieh , amoozadeh Farzad
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Pilon fractures management is a challenge. Orthopedic surgeons should manage fracture and soft tissue injury simultaneously in optimum condition. This study evaluates the outcomes of the management of Pilon fracture in two different approaches.
Materials and methods: 40 patients were included with Pilon fractures Between March 2016 and March 2018. Patients were divided into A and B groups. Group A was operated with the external fixator of the pilon and open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of distal fibular in the first stage, and medial plating of the pilon in the second stage. Group B was operated with posterior plating of the pilon and fibular by posterolateral approach at the first stage and medial distal tibia plating in the second stage. The AOFAS score, postoperative satisfaction questionnaire score (MODEMS) score, surgical wound complication, union rate, and operation time were evaluated in 12-month follow-up.
Results: 40 Pilon fractures were evaluated finally. 28 were male and 12 were female. Average time for union was 200 ±10 days in group A, and 215±20 days in group B. The average operation duration in the first stage was 65±10 min in group A and 60± 15 min in group B. The MODEMS score at the end of the first stage in most patients of group A was somewhat dissatisfied(86%) and in group B was somewhat satisfied (84%). This score at the end of the 12-month follow-up in most patients of group A and group B was somewhat satisfied, 85% and 87% respectively. The mean AOFAS score in groups A and B were 87.5 and 89.4 respectively at the end of follow-up. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the union rate and time and duration of the operation. Patients in the posterior plating group were more satisfied during the first stage of surgery but in the long-term follow-up, there was no difference between the two groups.
Conclusion: Most surgeons prefer the two-stage strategy and external fixator usage at the stage one to manage the soft tissue complications in the pilon fractures . Based on the result, Posterior plating may be a substitute for external fixation in the first stage of Pilon fractures management.