bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The First Three Decades of Gene Therapy
Authors: Hoh Yin Kiong
Published: January 2023

Gene therapy has fascinated clinicians, scientists, and patients since decades ago because of its potential to treat a disease at the genetic level. This can be achieved in many ways, including replacing a disease-causing gene with a healthy copy. Gene therapy must overcome complex tissue and cellular barriers to introduce genetic modifications into the nucleus of the target cells to drive a high level of gene expression. Moreover, the genetically corrected cells must be present in significantly large numbers in the body to reverse the diseased condition and yet able to escape immunological recognition and survive in the long term to sustain the benefit. This paper reviews the early work as well as recent developments in gene therapy, including improvements to viral vectors and novel treatment strategies, diseases targeted, approved gene therapies, and current challenges and prospects for future progress.
“Draw a Bee”
Authors: Bal Tara
Published: January 2023

Ask most students to draw or color a bee, and their sketch will likely feature a large-bodied, circular, fuzzy, black and yellow striped insect resembling a bumblebee or indicating some honey-producing behavior. There is a large propensity for society to perceive of all bees in one generic group, as popular bee images across media are often portrayed morphologically and/or behaviorally incorrect, or misidentified entirely. By recognizing our own misperceptions, a focused drawing activity can provide the opportunity to introduce awareness and highlight the diversity of bees or other insects in an engaging manner.
Revisiting the Differential Centrality of Experiential and Material Purchases to the Self: Replication and Extension of Carter and Gilovich (2012)
Authors: Chen Eva Yiyu , Chee Michelle Xingyu , Feldman Gilad
Published: January 2023

Carter and Gilovich (2012) investigated the centrality of experiential and material purchases to the self and concluded people have stronger associations with their experiential than their material purchases. In a pre-registered experiment with a US American Amazon Mechanical Turk sample, (N=743), we successfully replicated their Studies 3A, 3B, 3C, and 5. Experiential purchases were perceived as more reflective of true-self than material purchases for both self (d=0.65[0.57,0.73]) and for strangers (d=0.88[0.80,0.96]), and that when meeting a new person, information about experiential purchases was considered to be more insightful (d=1.13[1.04,1.22]), useful (d=1.14[1.05,1.23]), and fun to talk about (d=1.96[1.83,2.08]) than material purchases. Self-concept was more strongly associated with experiential purchases than with material purchases (d=0.39[0.25,0.54]), and that there was a negative association between experiential purchase satisfaction and the willingness to exchange memory (r=-.34[-.43,-.24]) (all effects above were p<.001). We added an extension examining change in evaluations of material and experiential purchases over time and found that current evaluations were more negative than past evaluations, yet to a lesser extent for experiential compared to material purchases. Materials, data, and code are available on: https://osf.io/v2w5h/
Victims of Rape and The Legal Protection: Problems and Challenges in The Victimological Studies
Authors: Adiningsih Aprilia Putri , Arifin Ridwan
Published: January 2023

Victims of the crime of rape have not received optimal legal protection, even though they have been legally protected through the Law on the Protection of Witnesses and Victims, the Law on Child Protection, or the Law on the Elimination of Domestic Violence. However, the concept of Indonesian criminal law, which focuses more on punishing and deterring criminals, has not been able to accommodate the rights of victims, especially in cases of certain crimes such as rape. In the case of rape, the victim receives an immaterial loss (loss of honor) which is legally difficult to materialize, so that the punishment is limited to imprisonment and a fine which is not sufficient to restore the victim's loss and restore the victim's trauma. This study aims to analyze the protection of victims of rape crime in the perspective of victimology and law. This study uses a normative legal approach, literature review and legal analysis. This study found that the juridical sera, the protection of victims of crime, including victims of rape, has been regulated by the state through several laws. The rights of victims have also been mentioned, ranging from restitution, to recovery of victims' losses and trauma. However, in cases of rape, victims are often dissatisfied with the punishment given to the perpetrators of this crime.
the Relationship between A Skinfold Thicknesses with Level of High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Elderly Woman
Authors: Aini Chanifatunnisa Nurul , Ardiaria Martha
Published: January 2023

Aging causes changes in body composition such as a decrease in muscle mass and an increase in adiposity associated with inflammation. High sensitivity C-reactive protein is the marker of inflammation. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between Skinfold Thicknesses with the Level of High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Elderly women. This observational study used a cross-sectional design. Subjects were determined using consecutive sampling and adjusted for inclusion criteria with minimal sample were 53 subjects. Data collected were skinfold thicknesses measured with skinfold caliper and serum HsCRP analyzed by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), physical activity level measured by International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and dietary intake measured by food recall 3 x 24 hours. Data analysis using Ranks Spearman correlation test. The median value thickness of the biceps is 17.94 ± 10.60 mm, the thickness of the triceps skinfold thickness is 23.40 ± 8.06 mm, the subscapular skinfold thickness is 14.95 ± 7.48 mm, the suprailiac skinfold thickness is 17.00 ± 8.85 mm while the median HsCRP serum 2.09 ± 2.11 mg/L is classified as moderate. There was a relationship between suprailiac skinfold thickness (r = 0.45 p = 0.001) and subscapular (r =0.40 p =0.003). However, there was no relationship between biceps skinfold thickness (r =0.29 p =0.34) and triceps (r=0.75 p =0.47) with HsCRP levels. There was a significant relationship between suprailiac and subscapular skinfold thickness. However, there was no significant relationship between biceps and triceps skinfold thickness.
Effectiveness of Foam Rolling Against Changes in Range of Motion and Pain Degree due to Delayed Onset of Muscle Soreness Post 10Km Long Distance Running in Trained Young Men
Authors: Silaban Ebenezer , Sadhali Muchamad , Sumirat Nandaru Fajar , Pangestu Bayu , Nugroho Didit Prakosa Adi
Published: January 2023

Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) is a form of injury that often occurs after training. Once, muscle experiencing DOMS the body will experience decreased muscle strength, Range of Motion (ROM), increased inflammatory response. This is a Quasi Experiment, by using the One Group Repeated-Measures Design. Providing treatment with a foam roller to the sample to see changes in ROM body functions. The results of this study indicate that there is a decrease in ROM due to DOMS post a 10Km Long Distance Running activity. the calculated reduction in this research is lower extremities, namely Joint Hip, Knee, and Ankle. The research showed that there was a change in the Range of Motion after being measured at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours compared to the pre-test data. The results of this study are based on statistical tests using Repeated Measures Anova with significant of P <.05. The result of pain degree is the distribution of muscle data that feels the greatest pain in Quadriceps Femoris 70%, Tibialis Anterior 30%, Triceps Surae 30%, Gluteus 30%, and Hamstring 10%. The conclusion of this study is the effect of foam roller on increasing Range of Motion and decreasing pain level that occurs in lower extremities.
The Benefits of Swimming on the Lungs Vital Capacity
Authors: Hadiansyah Muhammad Chanifuddin , Hartono Ameilia Sawitri , Prakoso Bagas Wahyu , Ardiansyah Farid Nur , Billiandri Bhayu
Published: January 2023

Sport is an activity that is useful to nourish the individual body physically and spiritually. Health is an important need and has a major role in survival. Physical health or also called physical fitness has a vital contribution in indicators of a person's overall health status. Through descriptive-qualitative research method by collecting secondary and primary data from several journals. Swimming is a sport that is a form of water sports. Swimming is also a water aerobics sport, where this sport requires a lot of oxygen input. The benefits of this swimming sport are on the respiratory system. The respiratory system is one of the systems found in the individual's body that plays an important role in the process of life. In swimming, which is an aerobic exercise that requires a lot of oxygen, this affects the vital capacity of the lungs. The vital capacity of the lungs is the maximum amount of oxygen that enters the lungs. So that by doing swimming regularly, the vital capacity of the lungs will be better.
A STUDY OF EXERCISE HABITS AND EXERCISE RATE IN ELDERLY WREDHA RINDANG ASIH
Authors: Habiburrahman Fauzan Asa , Setiowati Anies
Published: January 2023

Physical activity is one of the most important efforts to maintain and improve health. In achieving the needs of daily activities, every elderly can do exercise habits. Someone with low physical activity habits (sedentary) has a higher risk of experiencing health problems. The purpose of this study was to describe the level of exercise habits and intensity of exercise in the elderly. The research method uses a quantitative approach with a survey type that aims to investigate whether there is a relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The population of the research sample is the elderly at Panti Wredha Rindang Asih, a sample of 28 people with purposive sampling technique consisting of 16 men and 12 women. Data were collected by filling out questionnaires and measuring resting pulse in the morning and measuring exercise pulse after participating in physical training (gymnastics). The results of the study of exercise habits showed 19 elderly people (67.87%) were in the good category. The results of the measurement of resting pulse showed that 28 elderly people (100%) were in the normal category (60-100x/minute). The results of the exercise pulse measurement showed that 21 people (75%) were in the normal category, there was an increase in the elderly's pulse rate of 24% with an average pulse rate (98.6x/minute). The conclusion of this study is that the level of exercise habits in the elderly is in the good category, while the intensity level of exercise in the elderly is in the medium category. There is no relationship between exercise habits and exercise rate in the elderly at Panti Wredha Rindang Asih. Suggestions for the elderly to always maintain exercise habits by getting used to a healthy life and regular exercise.
The Effect of Foot Massage on Decreasing Glucose Levels of Diabetes Types 2 Patients in Kalisidi Village
Authors: Alwiyan Eko , Mukarromah Siti Baitul
Published: January 2023

Research Approach Using Survey Methods with measurement techniques. The population of the study was 80 people, 31 men and 49 women. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. Data analysis used descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the study on the Body Mass Index (BMI) of the residents of Kalisidi Village in 2021 in the normal category of 45.71% (n=16), Pre-Obesity 42.85% (n=15), Obesity level I 11.42% (n=4). The results of the study showed that the blood sugar levels of the residents of Kalisidi Village were in the normal category 25.71% (n=9), pre-diabetes 17.14% (n=6) and the remaining 57.14% (n=20) in the diabetes category. Giving massage treatment and eating patterns showed a decrease in the average blood sugar level of men from 245.81 mg/dl to 204.45 mg/dl and the average blood sugar level of women from 222.45 mg/dl to 182.83 mg/dl. The conclusions of the study were the Body Mass Index (BMI) of the residents of Kalisidi Village in 2021 in the normal category of 45.71% (n=16), blood sugar levels in the normal category of 71.66% (n=43), and giving massage treatments and eating patterns showed results. a decrease in the average blood sugar level of men from 245.81 mg/dl to 204.45 mg/dl.
The Feasibility Perception of Sports Applications to Maintain the Physical Conditions of Hockey Players During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ardiyanto Ahmad Rokhim , Suraya Fatona
Published: January 2023

The covid-19 pandemic has made a new adaptation for athletes. The purpose of this study is to analyze the use of 7 minutes workout and adidas running for fitness training of hockey athletes in Central Java during the covid 19 pandemic. Using survey methods with data retrieval techniques using questionnaires. The variables used are independent variables and variables tied to a sample of 20 athletes (10 male athletes and 10 female athletes). Data analysis techniques using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the free variable category is very good as many as 12 athletes (60%), as many as 7 athlete good category (35%), as many as 1 athlete bad category (50%), as many as 0 athletes very bad category (0%). While the variable is tied to very good categories as many as 10 athletes (50%), good categories as many as 9 athletes (45%), bad categories as many as 0 athletes (0%), very bad categories as many as 1 athlete (5.0%). The results showed that the physical impact of 7 minutes workout and adidas running on hockey athletes Central Java is very good. The conclusion of this study in the category of very good on both variables.
Analysis Study of Endurance and Agility Levels During the Covid-19 Pandemic of Students At Bintang Muda Wolo Football Academy in Penawangan District
Authors: Wigiyantoro Toto , Anam Khoiril
Published: January 2023

The endurance and agility of soccer in a soccer player are factors in supporting the game of soccer. Increasing endurance and agility can be done by training according to a predetermined program. However, since the Covid-19 pandemic, training is only done once a week and not even once a week. This can affect the endurance and agility of players. Based on the research problems, they are: 1) What is the endurance condition of the students of football school Bintang Muda Wolo (BMW) during the covid 19 pandemic? 2) How is the agility level of the football school Wolo Bintang Muda (BMW) during the covid 19 pandemic? This type of research is descriptive research. The research method uses a survey method with data collection techniques in the form of tests and measurements. The population is 42 students of SSB Bintang Muda Wolo, aged 13-15 in 2021. Sampling uses a purposive sampling technique with a sample of 15 students. The instrument used is an agility test using the Illinois agility run test and an endurance level test using a 1000 m run test. The results of the research and analysis showed that the level of endurance was 0% in the very good category, 2 students or 13% in the good category, 6 students or 40% in the sufficient category, 5 students or 33% in the poor category, and 2 or 13% in the very poor category. And the agility level is 0% in the very good category, 4 students or 27% in good condition, 7 students or 47% in the sufficient category, 1 student or 7% in poor condition, and 3 students or 20% of them in very poor condition. The conclusion in this study is that the level of endurance and agility of SSB Bintang Muda Wolo students is sufficient. Therefore, coaches must be able to improve their abilities despite the COVID-19 pandemic by controlling online training.
Differences Family Support and Posyandu Visit Frequency Between Stunted and Non Stunted 12-59 Months Old Toddler
Authors: Puspitasari Vanny , Nuryanto Nuryanto , Kurniawati Dewi Marfu'ah
Published: January 2023

Stunting are common at the age of 12-59 months. Some things that can affect the growth of toddler are family, parenting patterns, health services and environmental conditions. Family support is very important for children especially for their nutritional status. An example of health services for toddlers is Posyandu. Posyandu has benefits for society include monitoring the growth of toddlers so they do not suffer from stunting. The aim of the study was to determine differences family support and Posyandu visit frequency between stunted and non stunted 12-59 months old toddlers at Tambakrejo village Pemalang regency. This is a cross sectional study. The research subjects were toddlers 12-59 months old in Tambakrejo village. Stunted was determined by height for age z-score <-2SD. Independent t-test dan Mann Whitney test was conducted to determine  differences family support and Posyandu visit frequency between stunted and non stunted toddler. Family support score in the stunted toddler group was 35,77 and Posyandu visit frequency was 5,40 times. Family support score in the non stunted toddler group was 54,27 dan Posyandu visit frequency was 8,97 times. There was a significant difference family support and Posyandu visit frequency between stunted and non stunted toddlers. Non stunted toddlers have better family support compared to stunted toddlers. Posyandu visit frequency of stunted toddlers is lower than non stunted toddlers.
Ökonomische Theorie der Autokratie
Authors: Apolte Thomas
Published: January 2023

Der Beitrag untersucht die Handlungsmotive und Handlungsrestriktionen von Diktatoren. Er zeigt, welche Politik sie mit Blick auf Steuern, Infrastrukturversorgung und öffentlichen Gütern betreiben. Außerdem wird analysiert, aus welchen Strukturen heraus sich die Macht eines Diktators gegenüber der Bevölkerung sowie gegenüber seinen Sicherheitskräften speist.
Nebeneinkünfte und parlamentarische Aktivitäten
Authors: Gründler Klaus , Potrafke Niklas , Wochner Timo
Published: January 2023

Häufig wird argumentiert, dass Nebeneinkünfte von Abgeordneten ihre Anstrengungen im Parlament reduzieren. Um diese Hypothese empirisch zu untersuchen, erheben wir neue Daten für deutsche Abgeordnete für den Zeitraum 2014-2017. Wir verwenden zwei Instrumentalvariablen-Strategien, um einen kausalen Effekt der Nebeneinkünfte auf die parlamentarische Aktivität der Abgeordneten zu schätzen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Nebeneinkünfte die Abwesenheitsrate der Abgeordneten im Parlament erhöhen.
Regulierung von Kryptowährungen
Authors: Ritzer-Angerer Petra
Published: January 2023

In der Kryptowelt ändern sich Dinge sehr schnell. Noch im November 2021 befanden sich die Preise in extremen Höhen, dann kam der Absturz. Dies hat die Diskussion über neue Regeln für den Kryptomarkt international aktuell neu entfacht. Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den wirtschaftlichen Zielen einer Regulierung der Kryptoindustrie, thematisiert Prinzipien der Erweiterung des vorhandenen Rechtsrahmens sowie technologische Grenzen. Zudem werden aktuelle nationale Gesetzesvorhaben beleuchtet.
De-Growth: Verzicht auf Wachstum für die Umwelt?
Authors: Herrmann Ulrike , Naumer Hans-Jörg
Published: January 2023

Beim 27. Weltklimagipfel im ägyptischen Sharm El-Sheikh herrschte kein gutes Klima, zumindest nicht auf dem Papier. Nach wie vor hinkt man teils deutlich hinter den Zielen zurück, die die Klimakatastrophe noch aufhalten sollen. So wurde die Zusammenkunft der knapp 200 Staaten, die erste auf dem afrikanischen Kontinent, auch von lautstarken Protesten begleitet. Immerhin verständigte man auf einige neue Ansätze. Die Industriestaaten erklärten sich bereit, mehr Geld für die Abfederung der Klimarisiken in ärmeren Ländern bereitzustellen. Aber reicht das? Oder lässt sich das Klima nur retten, wenn die großen Volkswirtschaften weniger wachsen? Ulrike Herrmann und Hans-Jörg Naumer haben dezidiert unterschiedliche Ansichten, ob es grünes Wachstum überhaupt geben kann. Als Alternative bliebe nur ein Schrumpfen.
Factors of monetary and credit policy: world and Ukraine in the conditions of military aggression
Authors:   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”, Brus Svitlana , Drobyazko Anatolii ,   NDFI of DNNU "Academy of Financial Management"
Published: January 2023

Starting with the global pandemic crisis, whose consequences included the disruption of logistics chains and the suspension in a number of economic sectors, the world economy is experiencing increasingly large losses. Full-scale Russian aggression against Ukraine and the imposition of sanctions against the Russian Federation by many countries have made the global economy even more unstable and problematic. Macroeconomic problems are accumulating in the world, which will be a long term trend. The article deals with Ukraine’s domestic financial and monetary sphere since the beginning of Russian aggression in 2014 and in the context of the post-pandemic global crisis. In the first months of the war, Ukraine – being a small open commodity based economy –managed to maintain the stability of money circulation and prevented panic in the financial markets, in contrast to 1998, 2008 and 2014. The full-scale war continued the economic crisis initiated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The interaction of the two crises deepens imbalances in both the global and Ukrainian economic and financial systems. As manifestations of the crisis, the article examines the disrupted supply chains of goods and raw materials, and the negative impact on the companies’ solvency due to reduced demand. On the other hand, with their financial injections, the governments prevent the rapid bankruptcy of unviable firms in order to preserve employment, which exposes the economy to new risks. The article outlines expected developments in Ukraine’s financial system due to long war and the ensuing macroeconomic losses and uncertainty. Recommendations are given on urgent measures to support the banking sector in order to increase its liquidity and solvency under the conditions shaped in 2022. The authors note that in the fight against inflation, it is necessary to take into account the increased energy prices, the disrupted logistics chains for commodity producers, the decreased export revenue, and the increased prices for critical imported goods. Anti-inflationary measures under such conditions could lead to stagnation and phase out domestic production.
An assessment of Ukraine’s financial security: sectoral breakdown and general level
Authors:   Educational and Scientific Institute of Business, Economics and Management of Sumy State University, Chorna Svitlana
Published: January 2023

Financial security is characterized by the state's ability to ensure stability of the country's financial and economic development and includes the security of various economic activities and spheres of social life. The article assesses the security of the components of Ukraine’s financial sector and calculates the overall level of financial security in this country. The author considers the current mechanism for determining the level of financial security. To date, in Ukraine, the Methodology for determining the level of financial security is in force, which is approved by the Ministry of Economy based on the "Methodological recommendations for calculating the level of economic security of Ukraine" created according to a quantitative study of indicators characterizing the level of Ukraine’s overall economic security and that of financial security as its priority component. Calculated security levels of the financial sectors, namely those of the banking sector and the non-banking financial sector, as well as debt, budget, currency and monetary security. The most problematic is the debt sector whose security level averages 16.9% for the analyzed period. The overall level of financial security has a downward trend (44% in 2021). Ukraine's economy is not protected from financial threats and imbalances. The author identifies a few shortcomings in the above mentioned Methodology. As it was developed in 2013, its indicators no longer reflect the real situatioin in the country, while its methods mainly focus on analyzing financial indicators and ignore non-financial information, external factors, and the impact excerted on overall financial security by its individual components. The article points to the need to improve the mechanism of assessing the level of national financial security and provides a series of corresponding proposals.
A Customized Triggers Program: A Children’s Hospital’s Experience in Improving Trigger Usability
Authors: Reinhart Richelle M. , Safari-Ferra Parissa , Badh Ranjodh , Bhattarai Sopnil , Abera Solomon , Saha Anit , Herstek Jessica , Shah Rahul K. , Parikh Kavita
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Despite the growth of patient safety programs across the United States, errors and adverse events remain a source of patient harm. Many hospitals rely on retrospective voluntary reporting systems; however, there are opportunities to improve patient safety using novel tools like trigger programs.

METHODS

Children’s National Hospital developed a unique pediatric triggers program that offers customized, near real-time reports of potential safety events. Our team defined a measure to quantify clinical utility of triggers, termed “trigger signal,” as the percentage of cases that represent true adverse or near-miss events (numerator) per total triggers activated (denominator). Our key driver diagram focused on unifying the program structure, increasing data analytics, promoting organizational awareness, and supporting multidisciplinary end user engagement. Using the model for improvement, we aimed to double overall trigger signal from 8% to 16% and sustain for 12 months.

RESULTS

The trigger signal increased from 8% to 41% and sustained during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. A balancing measure of time to implement a new trigger decreased. Key interventions to increase trigger signal were change in the program structure, increasing stakeholder engagement, and development of self-service reports for end users.

CONCLUSIONS

Children’s National Hospital’s triggers program highlights successful evolution of an iterative, customized approach to increase clinical utility that hospitals can implement to impact real-time patient care. This triggers program requires an iterative, customized approach rather than a “1-size-fits-all,” static paradigm to add a new dimension to current patient safety programs.
Comment on the ESC Guidelines 2022 for the Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: Calvo Cuervo David
Published: January 2023

The European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the management of sudden cardiac death and ventricular arrhythmias have been updated. Additions and amendments range from clinical management to invasive procedures, and provide new perspectives on integrated management, genetic testing, stratification of risk, arrhythmia ablation and device therapy, among others. Significant improvements have been made, which will result in better care for patients and families.
Anodization of Ti6Al4V alloy manufactured by 3D printing and evaluation of corrosion and wear properties
Authors: Cely-González Angélica , Pineda-Triana Yaneth , Gómez-Puentes Oscar
Published: January 2023

Ti6Al4V alloy forms an oxide layer on the Surface and is metallic material used as a biomaterial. The investigation determined the level lof wear of corrosion of the alloy fabricated by additive manufacturing as in the titanium specimen made by forge subjected to anodizing. The use of NaOH (0.1M) and H2SO4 (1M) was defined as electrolytes, with a time of 5 minutes, a voltage of 20 and 40V, wear tests on Pin on Disk and corrosion resistance in Hank solution. Evidencing the usefulness of anodizing on the surface of titanium. The voltage of the 40V produces a uniform oxide layer with greater thickness, decreasing the level of wear and corrosion rate. The right electrolyte is H2SO4 as NaOH produces more corrosion. Forging specimen has higher corrosion resistance than alloy made by additive manufacturing.
Monitoring overdispersed process in clinical laboratories using control charts
Authors: Valdés-Manuel José I. , Cogollo-Flórez Juan M.
Published: January 2023

Overdispersion is a phenomenon that generally occurs in the analysis of large sample sizes. In discrete data analysis, it refers to the presence of a variation higher than that implied by a reference Binomial or Poisson distributions. The proportion of nonconforming units in clinical laboratories presents high variability and, generally, overdispersion. Therefore, it is required to analyze the most appropriate control charts that overcome the limitations of traditional control charts to deal with overdispersed data. This paper performs an analysis of monitoring overdispersed process in clinical laboratories using control charts. The methodology consists of four steps: (i) Determination of the interest variable, (ii) Diagnosis of data overdispersion, (iii) Elaboration of control charts, and (iv) Analysis of results. The results show that the methodology can quantitatively determine the degree of data overdispersion and select the most appropriate control chart for monitoring the process.
Cambios de uso del suelo e inundaciones en espacios urbanos en Uruguay: tres casos de estudio
Authors: Schön Feline , Achkar Marcel
Published: January 2023

En este trabajo se analizan tres casos de estudio de cuencas en Uruguay, con el propósito de identificar los factores que favorecen la ocurrencia de inundaciones. Se consideran las transformaciones en los usos del suelo y eventualmente el cambio climático. Se evalúan para un periodo de treinta años las modificaciones de los usos del suelo, utilizando un Sistema de Información Geográfica y se analizan las variabilidades de las precipitaciones y de los niveles de los ríos. Las tres cuencas muestran un comportamiento totalmente distinto en su cambio de uso del suelo, y muestran tendencias a un aumento en las precipitaciones durante el periodo estudiado. Se evidencia que el cambio de uso del suelo es uno de los factores que más influye en el incremento de las inundaciones en las áreas urbanas. Estas transformaciones en su mayoría están relacionadas con la explotación de los suelos para la generación de commodities de exportación, y causan modificaciones en los territorios agrarios de Uruguay.
Um olhar aos resultados do Programa Luz para Todos informado pelos conceitos e abordagens de justiça energética (2004-2010)
Authors: Novo Yara Cristina de Carvalho , Gomes Guilherme Nascimento , Corazza Rosana Icassatti
Published: January 2023

Justiça energética é conceito essencial para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico e envolve o atendimento das necessidades básicas (alimentação, saúde, educação e habitação), cujo alcance é condição necessária ao desenvolvimento humano. Pode ser articulado ao 7º Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS), atinente à energia limpa e acessível, considerado o “golden thread” capaz de unir crescimento econômico, desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade. Os objetivos deste artigo são, de um lado, oferecer uma revisão sistemática sobre o conceito de justiça energética, identificando três abordagens fundamentais: distributiva, processual e baseada no reconhecimento, e, de outro, analisar os resultados do Programa Luz para Todos (PLpT) à luz dessas abordagens. Dados sobre a evolução do acesso à energia elétrica no país e sobre o número de ligações realizadas no âmbito do PLpT foram recuperados, tabulados, espacializados e analisados para o período 2004-2010. A discussão dos resultados é informada pelas abordagens sobre justiça energética. Conclui-se que o PLpT pode ser entendido como ação de extensão da justiça distributiva pelo acesso à energia elétrica, favorecendo, no período, a ampliação da satisfação de uma das necessidades básicas e para o alcance do ODS-7.
The Role of Third Parties in Cyber Conflicts: The sima Simulator
Authors: García-Vargas Luisa , Durán-Aponte Emilse , Chaux Enrique
Published: January 2023

New media creates opportunities to directly measure how adolescents respond to aggressive situations. In this study, we report on sima, a simulator of digital chats, created to mimic online aggressive interactions within a conflict situation. Adolescents were invited to be part of a digital chat where all interactions were pre-programmed, except for the participants’ interventions, to discuss controversial topics (e.g., animal maltreatment). Two chat members engaged in a conflict programmed to escalate quickly through aggressive insults. Sixth and seventh-grade students (mostly aged 12 to 14; n = 287) from one public school (low ses) and one private school (high ses) participated in the study. Responses to open questions after finishing the chat suggest that the great majority considered that they were taking part in a real online interaction. Aggressive offenses towards other members of the chat were very common. sima opens many options for further research about bystander behavior in aggressive online interactions.
que a epistemologia da história ensina sobre o conhecimento da fé?
Authors: Pich Roberto Hofmeister
Published: January 2023

Pela voz de “João Degrau-a-Degrau”, Sören Kierkegaard, em Migalhas Filosóficas, oferece uma análise notável de como a fé se apresenta como meio para a apreensão do que não pode ser apreendido sem paradoxo – em espe- cífico, a verdade absoluta imersa na história. Mesmo sem chegar a um esboço sistemático, é possível dizer que há uma “epistemologia da fé” em Migalhas Filosóficas, e isso em dois aspectos: i) uma reflexão que explicita a fé como um tipo de poder do espírito que gera crenças e atitudes de vida com respeito a um campo objetivo de estrutura metafísica bem definida; e ii) uma reflexão que explicita os processos que ocorrem com o espírito – com a razão, a vontade e tudo o mais que tange o “órgão” da fé – quando a fé tem lugar. Com i) e ii), a fé é também determinada a negativo com respeito ao conhecimento. Para dar suporte a essa tese, faz-se, no presente estudo, um exercício de leitura e análise do “Interlúdio” de Migalhas Filosóficas. Como resultado, ganha-se um esboço das bases filosóficas da epistemologia da fé cristã como epistemologia da crença em verdades históricas.
Effect of Voxel Size of Micro-CT on the Assessment of Root Canal Preparation
Authors: Pinto Jader Camilo , Lucas-Oliveira Everton , Bonagamba Tito Jose , Guerreiro-Tanomaru Juliane Maria , Tanomaru-Filho Mario
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) voxel size on evaluation of root canal preparation using rotary heat-treated nickel-titanium files. Curved mesial root canals of mandibular molars were prepared using ProDesign Logic 30/.05 (PDL) or HyFlex EDM 25/.08 (HEDM) (n=12). The specimens were scanned using micro-CT with 5μm of voxel size before and after root canal preparation. Images with sub-resolution of 10 and 20μm voxel sizes were obtained. The percentage of volume increase, debris and uninstrumented root canal surface were analyzed in the different voxel sizes. Data were compared using unpaired Student’s t-test and ANOVA statistical tests (α=0.05). No differences were observed for percentage of volume increase, debris and instrumented surface between the root canals prepared by PDL and HEDM (p>0.05).  Both systems promoted higher percentage of debris in the apical third compared to the middle third (p<0.05). After instrumentation using PDL the percentage of uninstrumented surface was highr in the apical third than middle third only when analysis were performed at 5µm (p<0.05). When comparing the different voxel sizes (5,10 or 20µm), both groups showed different means for the variables, with no significant difference (p>0.05). PDL and HEDM had similar root canal preparation capacity. Micro-CT images using different voxel sizes did not influence the results of volume increase and debris evaluation. However, images at 5µm showed greater accuracy to evaluate the percentage of uninstrumented surfaces.
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography as an efficient and sensitive technique for determination of nandrolone and testosterone in human urine
Authors: Rezaee Mohammad
Published: January 2023

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and high performance liquid chromatography – UV detection was presented for extraction and determination of nandrolone and testosterone in human urines. Chloroform at microliter volume level and acetonitrile were used as extraction and dispersive solvents, respectively. The main advantages of method are high speed, high enrichment factor, high recovery, good repeatability and extraction solvent volume at µL level. The influence of several variables (e.g. type and volume of disperser and extraction solvents, ionic strength, etc.) on the performance of the sample preparation step was carefully evaluated. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graphs were linear in the range of 5–500 μg L−1 with detection limit of 2.5 μg L−1 for both of them. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.s) for five replicate measurements of nandrolone and testosterone were 9.4% and 8.8%, respectively. The relative recoveries of nandrolone and testosterone in urine sample at spiking level of 25.0 μg L−1 are ranged between 86.4% and 98%. DLLME combined with HPLC-UV is a fast, simple and efficient method for the determination of nandrolone and testosterone in human urines.
EN PRENSA. Condición ecológica en un gradiente altitudinal del Río Margaritas, Chiapas, México. EN PRENSA
Authors: Barrios Calderón Romeo de Jesús , Escalona Domenench Raisa Yarina
Published: January 2023

La condición ecológica es un parámetro que permite diagnosticar la estructura y funcionalidad de los ríos. La cuenca del Río Margaritas, localizada en el municipio de Pijijiapan, Chiapas, México es una fuente importante de recarga y provisión hídrica. Con el objetivo de evaluar la condición ecológica presente en un gradiente altitudinal del Río Margaritas, se realizó la evaluación visual del hábitat físico a través del protocolo de Barbour y se determinaron los parámetros fisicoquímicos (profundidad, oxígeno disuelto, conductividad eléctrica, temperatura, salinidad y potencial de Hidrógeno). También se cuantificaron los iones de amonio, nitritos, nitratos y fosfatos en tres sitios de estudio. Se realizaron tres repeticiones y se aplicó un análisis de varianza y comparación de medias por Tukey-kramer (p ≥ 0.05). Los resultados mostraron una condición de hábitat sub óptima (sitios Margaritas 1 y 2) y marginal (sitio Río Ramón). Los parámetros fisicoquímicos presentaron diferencias significativas para la conductividad eléctrica específica en el sitio (F2,6 = 68.77 p ≤ 0.0001), conductividad eléctrica a 25 ºC (F2,6 = 59.67 p = 0.0001) y temperatura del agua (F2,6 = 160.66, p ≤ 0.0001), donde los valores más altos fueron los del sitio Margaritas 2. La concentración de nitratos (6.83 ± 0.55 mg/L) y nitritos (3.67 ± 1.15 mg/L) obtenidos en el sitio Margaritas 2 fueron los valores más altos. Finalmente, los iones de fosfato presentaron los valores más altos en el sitio Río Ramón (0.12 ± 0.05 mg/L). Los resultados obtenidos brindan una perspectiva actual sobre el estado y condición del Río Margaritas, siendo necesario implementar estrategias de gestión propicias para cada zona de estudio.
Self-Unfolding of the Phenomenon of Hryhorii Skovoroda
Authors: Boichenko M. I.
Published: January 2023

Purpose. This article provides a morphological study of the life of Hryhorii Skovoroda as a philosopher’s self-construction – compared to the lives of such philosophers as Immanuel Kant, Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger and Henry Thoreau. Theoretical basis. The study is based on the use of a monadological approach to history in combination with the biographical method. The ideas of the classical philosophical systems of Gottfried Leibniz and Oswald Spengler are applied taking into account their rethinking by Ukrainian philosophers Ivan Boichenko and Vadym Menzhulin. Thanks to this, the life of the Ukrainian philosopher Hryhorii Skovoroda is considered as a monad that constantly carries out its own semantic self-unfolding. Originality. The thorough paradoxical nature of Hryhorii Skovoroda’s philosophy, which is attributed to him based on other philosophical systems, is completely removed by the performative sequence of his life as a philosopher, which is shown by systematic comparisons of the main characteristics of his life with the lives of other prominent philosophers who subordinated their actions to their philosophical concept. Conclusions. Hryhorii Skovoroda’s philosophy is a monad, that is, such a primary phenomenon that cannot be explained from other phenomena: comparison with other monads is only a pretext for identifying the characteristics of the monad under study, which are gradually revealed as a manifestation of its originality and uniqueness. The originality of the philosophical conceptualization of Skovoroda’s life should be carried out in a step-by-step comparison with the conscious life of other philosophers, and such a comparison needs to be continued, constantly carried out. The peculiarity of this study is an attempt to provide a methodological justification for such a comparative morphological-biographical philosophical research.
The normativity of multiple social identity: from motivation to legitimacy
Authors: Shevchenko Z. V. , Fialko N. A.
Published: January 2023

Purpose. The authors of this article aim to reveal how motivation and legitimacy ensure the normativity of the structuring and genesis of multiple social identity. Theoretical basis. Social constructivism was chosen as a research methodology. It reveals social identity as an identity constructed by its bearer on the basis of ready-made versions of social identity proposed by social groups and society. Social circles, identified by Georg Simmel, unite representatives of different social groups into a wider oneness, which can be interpreted as a multiple social identity, and the motivation for its formation can be identified on the basis of Weber’s concept of legitimacy. Originality. Identifying the structure and genesis of a multiple social identity creates prerequisites for establishing its normative foundations, as well as for a specific analysis of the procedures for achieving its motivation and legitimacy. Georg Simmel’s concept of social virtues promotes consideration of the basic virtues of an individual as those that enable one’s to be a member of various social groups in which these virtues are manifested. Conclusions. The social virtues present in the social identities that are part of a multiple social identity determine not only the social status of these individuals in these social groups but also the ranking and normative significance of these groups for this individual. If the observance of virtues in a certain social group causes a higher motivation of an individual’s behavior, then this group acquires a higher legitimacy for her/him. Using the example of virtues, it is possible to search for other possible grounds for the formation of multiple social identity. Such grounds are primarily other characteristics of key social practices that support different social groups.
Philosophy of Personality and the Masses in the Context of Communication in the 20th-21st Centuries
Authors: Kosiuk O. M.
Published: January 2023

Purpose. The article aims to analyse the consciousness of masses in the communication system of the 20th century projecting the individual level onto the social one. Theoretical basis. In the fields of philosophy and other humanities since the middle of the last century there has dominated an opinion that the category of mass and its communication are second-rate and non-elitist phenomena. Condensing the experience of human history (especially – the nineteenth century – the time of the bourgeois revolutions and the two world wars), such parameters were set by the creators of social psychology Gustave Le Bon and Sigmund Freud in their basic research "The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind", "Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego". Since ancient times the masses have really resembled immoral emotional neoformations, which minimized the individual qualities of the components of the whole and showed the features of a predominantly animal nature. It is no coincidence that those masses were called emotional, or just a crowd, regardless of the topos of existence: streets and squares, or the infospace of the first mass media (newspapers, radio, cinema, television). However, analysing the crowd, the scientists noted that this is only an extreme modification of the mass, and, in addition to it, there may be others – quite the opposite in their nature. With the advent of the World Wide Web, the situation has changed: scientists and futurists have been talking about the mass of intellectuals, which seems to be formed and combined in the field of information technology. And it surpasses the traditional elite in many respects. Originality. Having analysed the works of classic and modern researchers, we came to the conclusion that in fact the masses, like individuals (according to C. G. Jung), are divided into four types. Correspondingly, each of them has its own behaviour, psychology, philosophy etc. This article focuses on beliefs and ideological positions as the basis for the functioning of emotional, sensory, intuitive and rational masses in the context of 20th century philosophy. The object of our analysis was the philosophical schools of neo-positivism, hermeneutics, psychoanalysis, existentialism, pragmatism, anthropology, phenomenology, and others. Conclusions. According to our assumption, regardless of the type of mass and direction of modern philosophy as a field of its implementation, rationalism comes to the fore everywhere (as a primary source and theoretical basis or motivation). Thus, it can be concluded that the rational mass now dominates, not emotional (which was thoroughly described by Le Bon and Freud). And this is quite natural in the age of digital technology.