bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Failure of Steam-Water Heat Exchangers
Authors: Brown B. F.
Published: May 2019

Gross wastage and embrittlement were observed in plain carbon steel desuperheaters in five new Naval power plants. The gross wastage could be duplicated in laboratory bomb tests using sodium hydroxide solutions and was concluded to be caused by free caustic concentrated by high heat flux. The embrittlement was shown to be caused by the flow of corrosion generated hydrogen which converted the cementite to methane which nucleated voids in the steel. A thermodynamic estimate indicated that a small amount of chromium would stabilize the carbides against decomposition by hydrogen in this temperature range, and laboratory tests with 2-14% Cr steel verified this.
Failure of Ship Hull Plate Attributed to Lamellar Tearing
Authors: Myllymaki R. A.
Published: May 2019

During a refit of a twenty-year-old Naval destroyer, two cracks were found on the inside of the killed carbon-manganese steel hull plate at the forward end of the boiler room. The cracks coincided with the location of the top and bottom plates of the bilge keel. Metallurgical examination of sections cut from the cracked area identified lamellar tearing as the principle cause of the cracking. This was surprising in 6 mm thick hull plates. Corrosion fatigue and general corrosion also contributed to hull plate perforation. Although it is probable that more lamellar tears exist near the bilge keel in other ships and may be a nuisance in the future, the hull integrity of the ships is not threatened and major repairs are not needed.
Broken Connecting Rod from a Motor Boat
Authors: Kauczor Egon
Published: May 2019

A connecting rod from a motor boat was broken in two places at the small end. At position I there was a fatigue fracture brought about by operational stress, whereas the fibrous fracture surface II was a secondary tensile fracture. Furthermore the transition on the other side of the rod was cracked symmetrically to the fatigue fracture (position III). Magnetic inspection showed indications of cracking at the transition between the rod and small end in six other connecting rods from the same batch. Metallographic investigation showed the connecting rods were rendered susceptible to fatigue by the notch effect of coarse scale-filled folds formed during forging.
Fractured Post of a Loading Gear
Authors: Naumann Friedrich Karl , Spies Ferdinand
Published: May 2019

In a shipyard one of the two posts of a loading gear fractured under a comparatively small load at the point where it was welded into the ship’s deck. The post consisted of several pipe lengths that were produced by longitudinal seam welding of 27 mm thick sheets. The sheet metal was a construction steel of 60 to 75 kp/sq mm strength. Thick-walled parts of steels of such high strength must be preheated to approximately 200 deg C along the edges prior to welding to minimize the strong heat losses by the cold mass of the part. In the case under investigation this either was not done at all or the preheating was not high enough or sufficiently uniform. This damage was therefore caused by a welding defect.
Investigation of a Failed Stainless Steel Spindle Assembly
Authors: Morrison J. , Martin P.D.
Published: May 2019

This paper describes the metallurgical investigation of a broken spindle used to attach an antenna to the mast of a naval vessel. Visual inspections of both failed and intact fastener assemblies were carried out both on-board ship and in the laboratory followed by metallographic and fractographic examinations. Simulations were also performed on stressed material in a suitable environment to assess the relative importance of postulated failure mechanisms. Factors contributing to this failure including assembly procedures and applied preloads, service loading and environment, and material selection and specification. The discussion considers whether this failure was an isolated incident or is likely to be a fleet-wide problem, and suggests ways to prevent reoccurrence.
Pitting of TiN-Coated Back Surgery Wires
Authors: Dhar Suranjeeta , Mohammed Fameeda , Xu Laura , Fontana Raymond
Published: May 2019

TiN coated back surgery wires were made of Ti-6Al-4V. The reported failure was the presence of pits located in the uncoated area of the wires. The uncoated area of the wire is where the wire is fixtured in the coating chamber during coating. Examination and analysis of the pits using SEM/EDX detection unit revealed significant peaks of B, O, Zr and Fe. Moreover, the shape of the pits was similar to an arc crater. The formation of pits in the wire was caused during coating due to microarcing. A contaminated fixture used during the coating most likely caused the microarcing.
Microstructural Analysis of Failure of a Stainless Steel Bone Plate Implant
Authors: Proverbio E. , Bonaccorsi L.M.
Published: May 2019

Stainless steel is frequently used for bone fracture fixation in spite of its sensitivity to pitting and cracking in chloride containing environments (such as organic fluids) and its susceptibility to fatigue and corrosion fatigue. A 316L stainless steel plate implant used for fixation of a femoral fracture failed after only 16 days of service and before bone callus formation had occurred. The steel used for the implant met the requirements of ASTM Standard F138 but did contain a silica-alumina inclusion that served as the initiation point for a fatigue/corrosion fatigue fracture. The fracture originated as a consequence of stress intensification at the edge of a screw hole located just above the bone fracture; several fatigue cracks were also observed on the opposite side of the screw hole edge. The crack propagated in a brittle-like fashion after a limited number of cycles under unilateral bending. The bending loads were presumably a consequence of leg oscillation during assisted perambulation.
Retrieval and Analysis of Surgical Implants in Brazil: The Need for Proper Regulation
Authors: Azevedo C.R.F. , Hippert E.
Published: May 2019

This paper summarizes several cases of metallurgical failure analysis of surgical implants conducted at the Laboratory of Failure Analysis of IPT, in Brazil. Investigation revealed that most of the samples were not in accordance with ISO standards and presented evidence of corrosion assisted fracture. Additionally, some components were found to contain fabrication/processing defects that contributed to premature failure. The implant of nonbiocompatible materials results in immeasurable damage to patients as well as losses for the public investment. It is proposed that local sanitary regulation agencies create mechanisms to avoid commercialization of surgical implants that are not in accordance with standards and adopt the practice of retrieval analysis of failed implants. This would protect the public health by identifying and preventing the main causes of failure in surgical implants.
Corroded Pipes from Gas Generating Plant
Authors: Naumann Friedrich Karl , Spies Ferdinand
Published: May 2019

After four months at a temperature of 400 to 5000 C, pipes at a gas generating plant were so heavily eroded they had to be replaced. Three sections of pipe, from different locations, were analyzed to determine whether mechanical wear or corrosion caused the damage. Samples of corrosion product from each pipe section were analyzed for carbon, sulfur, and iron and were found to consist mainly of iron sulfide mixed with soot and rust. The damage resulted from a high content of hydrogen sulfide in the gas (6% CO2, 20% CO, 8 to 12% H2, 0.5 to 1.5% CH4, remainder N2). To process the coal in question, the pipes material should be a heat-resistant steel that contains more chromium and has greater resistance to hydrogen sulfide.
Examination of a Blistered and Cracked Natural Gas Line
Authors: Naumann Friedrich Karl , Spies Ferdinand
Published: May 2019

A welded natural gas line of 400 mm OD and 9 mm wall thickness made of unalloyed steel with 0.22C had to be removed from service after four months because of a pipe burst. Metallographic examination showed the pipe section located next to the gas entrance was permeated by cracks or blisters almost over its entire perimeter in agreement with the ultrasonic test results. Only the weld seam and a strip on each side of it were crack-free. Based on this investigation, the pipeline was taken out of service and reconstructed. To avoid such failures in the future, two preventative measures may be considered. One is to desulfurize the gas. Based on tests, however, the desulfurization would have to be carried very far to be successful. The second possibility is to dry the gas to such an extent as to prevent condensate, and this corrosion, from forming no matter how low winter temperatures may drop. This measure was ultimately recommended, deemed more effective and cheaper.
Failure Analysis of a Crude Oil Storage Tank
Authors: May Iain Le
Published: May 2019

A 100,000 barrel crude oil storage tank rupture caused extensive property damage in Dec 1980, in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan. Failure was attributed to a brittle fracture that originated at a weld between a reinforcing pad and a manway nozzle. Factors that contributed to the brittle fracture included incomplete penetration in a single-bevel groove weld, poor impact properties of the hot rolled ASTM A283 low-carbon steel base material, and air temperature down to 27 C on the day of failure. Details of the analysis and results of impact testing are discussed.
Fundamentals of spiritual, moral, patriotic and cultural education in work with students of the Mozhaisk Technical School
Authors: Novikov Vladislav Aleksandrovich
Published: May 2019

The article discusses the main directions of the educational and psychological adaptation course in the spiritual and moral education of students of the Mozhaisk Technical School, the formation of a correct civil position through the love to history, the Fatherland, and  small motherland. Respect for the representatives of various nationalities and denominations of religion becomes every year an increasingly relevant topic. In this regard, spiritual, moral and patriotic education becomes a guarantee of a correct civil position.
Convocatoria para número monográfico: Filosofías igualitarias de castas, clase, género y opciones de vida
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: May 2019

El departamento de Hermenéutica Aplicada de la Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral y la Revista Científica Arbitrada de la Fundación MenteClara convocan a la presentación de trabajos de investigación enfocados en:Filosofías igualitarias de castas, clase, género y opciones de vidaBuscando las relaciones entre la filosofía tántrica (vajrayana), la fenomenología existencial y su influencia en el pensamiento y la obra de quienes propiciaron la evolución de los sudras y dalits de la India por encima de la condición de ignorancia y esclavitud, tal como lo hicieron el Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar, Savitribai Phule, Sathyavani Muthu y otros en otros continentes.Esta convocatoria tiene como objeto debatir, articular conceptos y producir nuevas herramientas académicas para emancipar a las personas y elevar a todos a la misma condición de ser, reuniendo en un foro común a diferentes disciplinas que contribuyan a visivilizar y solucionar desigualdades de casta, clase, género y opciones de vida.
HETEROSE EM HÍBRIDOS DE MELANCIA
Authors: Tavares Aline Torquato , Lopes Danilo Alves Porto da Silva , Alves Francielly Quiteria Guimaraes , Santos Gil Rodrigues , Nascimento Ildon Rodrigues
Published: May 2019

A melancia é uma curcubitácea bastante difundida no mundo, predominando nos cultivos comerciais o uso de híbridos. Apesar desse cenário, poucos são os trabalhos que relatam a magnitude e efeito da heterose em caracteres de interesse nesta cultura. O objetivo desse trabalho foi estimar a heterose em híbridos de melancia para características agronômicas e qualidade dos frutos. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de 22 genótipos, sendo 15 híbridos experimentais obtidos do cruzamento de seis genitores: quatro cultivares comerciais, duas linhagens experimentais e um híbrido comercial, usado como testemunha. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento de blocos casualizados com três repetições. Os cruzamentos e a análise estatística dos dados foram realizados segundo o modelo Gardner e Eberhart (1966) e adaptados por Miranda Filho e Geraldi (1984). Para heterose padrão, o híbrido Crimson Sweet® (Tecnoseed) x WMX-001G-14-02-55-01pl#09 manifestou heterose positiva para a maioria das características. Para teores de açúcares, o maior percentual de heterose positiva foi encontrado no híbrido Crimson Sweet® (Hollar) x WMX-001G-14-02-55-01pl#08. A melhor combinação híbrida para produtividade e firmeza da casca foi obtida nos cruzamentos com as linhagens experimentais WMX-001G-14-02-55-01pl#08 e WMX-001G-14-02-55-01pl#09.
Separating and culturing colorectal adenocarcinoma cancer cells derived from patients’ tumor
Authors: Huynh Vu , Ho Duc Huu , Nguyen Truong Le Xuan , Nguyen Quan Dang
Published: May 2019

Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers and a leading cause of death nowadays. The main method to treat colorectal cancer is the surgery. However, more than 50 % of patients relapse after surgery and die from metastatic cancer. Therefore, it is important to do research on the molecular mechanism of this disease and consequently develop effective therapies. In these studies, the colorectal cancer cell is the indispensable research model. However, cancer cell lines lose the oncogenic characteristics after prolonged culture compared to those in the body of patients. To solve this problem, the study is aimed to obtain, to primarily culture, and to maintain the colorectal cancer cells from Vietnamese patients serving as cancer research model. Colorectal cancer cells were separated from 40 tumor samples and primarily cultured in vitro. 4 of 40 populations of cancer cells were cultured successfully. These cell populations were grafted into immuno-deficient SCID mice and 2 cell populations developed to xenograft tumors on mice. Then single cell suspensions from xenograft tumors were collected and analyzed the expression of surface markers huCD133 and huEpcam using flow cytometry. The human primary cancer cells from xenograft tumors positive with huCD133 and huEpcam were identified and isolated. These 2 colorectal cancer cell populations could proliferate well in in-vitro culture condition. In conclusion, the results showed that the human colorectal cancer primary cells could be maintained and proliferated in immuno-deficient mice which will be a source to supply the cancer cells for the study of cancer.
НАУКОВІ ПРИНЦИПИ КОНСТРУЮВАННЯ РІЗАЛЬНОГО ІНСТРУМЕНТУ З НАНОПОКРИТТЯМИ ТА НАНОСТРУКТУРАМИ
Authors: Костюк Геннадий Игоревич , Попов Виктор Васильевич
Published: May 2019

The article describes the effect of boron, nitrogen, yttrium and hafnium ions on the modified BK10 (WС - 79.7% Co - 9.5% + CrN - 1.3% + AlN - 6.5% + TiN - 3%), BK20 (WС - 80.00%) and VK10 (WС - 90.00%) where the possibility of obtaining nanostructures is shown. It has been determined that: the value of the ion energy and the ion charge significantly affect the grain size with increasing energy and charge size; the grain size increases; an increase in the percentage composition of tungsten carbide leads to grain growth, and with an increase in the mass of the ion to an decrease in the grain size more significantly, which can be used to obtain the required grain size. Тhe design of the chemical composition of the cutting tool material, taking into account the possibility of nanostructure formation, shows that not always an increase in the share of tungsten carbide increases the efficiency and efficiency of the tool, and often the grain size has a decisive influence. The possibility of constructing the chemical composition of the basic material of the cutting tool with regard to its hardening due to the formation of nanostructures and nanocoating is shown
МІКРОГІДРОДИНАМІЧНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ РОЗПОВСЮДЖЕННЯ ЛАКОФАРБОВОГО ПОКРИТТЯ ВЗДОВЖ ЗАДОВІЛЬНОЇ ПОВЕРХНІ
Authors: Гайдайчук Александр Александрович , Крашаница Юрий Александрович
Published: May 2019

At present, the methodology of mathematical modeling and computational experiment has become an integral part of the general approaches characteristic of modern information technologies. Its practical implementation significantly increases the efficiency of engineering developments, especially when creating fundamentally new, prototype-free machines and devices, materials and technologies. It allows you to reduce the time and money spent on the use of advanced achievements of physics, chemistry, mechanics and other basic sciences in engineering. In recent years, new trends in hydromechanics related to nanotechnology have been developing [1]. In traditional hydrodynamics, the motion of gases and liquids in macroscopic dimensions is studied. Micro- and nanohydrodynamics is a field of mechanics in which the movement of gas and liquid is studied in sizes that are conditionally related to the field of nanotechnology (less than 100 nm = 0.1 μm). Microhydrodynamics is used in the development of elements of inkjet technology and inkjet printing devices, in describing the movement of microorganisms and large molecules, as well as in various branches of the chemical and transport industry [2]. However, in connection with the use of modern technologies for controlling production processes, more and more accurate studies of related processes are needed. This concerns, first of all, the control of the movement of continuous media in many areas of industry, in transport, everyday life and public utilities. There is a growing interest in the study of flows of various kinds with extraneous inclusions, for example, steam and gas and slag inclusions in the foundry industry, particles in cooling systems in the power industry, particles in the mineral processing industry, particles of chemical compounds in the chemical industry, objects of transportation in hydraulic and pneumatic transport and in many other areas.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ АЕРОДИНАМІЧНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО ПАСАЖИРСЬКОГО ЛІТАКА
Authors: Донець Олександр Дмитрович , Кудрявцев Володимир Олександрович
Published: May 2019

Principal results of the computational and research work performed during development of a regional passenger aircraft to ensure its aerodynamic characteristics are given. When creating the An-148-100/An-158 family of aircraft, such level of the aircraft aerodynamic perfection was achieved, which ensured fulfillment of the specified requirements for their flight performance – maximum speed, cruising flight altitude and flight range with different payloads. The developed aerodynamic configuration made it possible to create a family of regional passenger high-wing planes with a flight speed of up to 870 km/h (true speed) (M = 0.8), which have no analogues in the world aviation industry. Developed for the An-148-100 / An- 158 aircraft, supercritical profiles of the new generation with a large maximum relative thickness formed the basis of the aerodynamic configuration of a high-speed  wing with moderate sweep. The aircraft lift-to-drag ratio in cruise flight is Kcruise = 15.8, which corresponds to the worldwide values. Developed aerodynamic configuration of the wing high-lift devices provides high bearing properties of the wing during take-off and landing stages, which allows to fully meet the requirements for the runway required length of the base airfields Lrun = 1485...1950 m. Developed algorithms are implemented in the electric remote control system and provide necessary standard characteristics of stability, controllability and flight dynamics in the main control mode. Selected margins of the aircraft’s own static stability and effectiveness of its controls ensure safe completion of the flight in standby control mode. The certification flight tests of the An-148-100/An-158 airplanes confirmed full compliance of their take-off and landing performance, as well as the stability, controllability and flight dynamics characteristics with the requirements of the Certification basis in both standard and in failure situations tested in flight tests. Necessary and sufficient amount of experimental work was conducted in the lowspeed  and high-speed wind tunnels of the ANTONOV SC and TsAGI to verify the aerodynamic and spin characteristics of the An-148-100/An-158 airplane models, which improved the aerodynamic configuration of the aircraft and its individual units and allowed to apply the work results in calculation of aircraft strength, as well as for development of their systems.
World War I in Contemporary Polish Historical Memory
Authors: BARYNKIN Artyom , NOVIKOVA Irina
Published: May 2019

In the Polish historical memory, the World War I has been overshadowed by the events of 1918. Restoring Polish independence has come to the fore in scientific and public discourse. Narratives on this issue are particularly important to understand how national identity is built in Poland, what elements it consists of, and to what extent it is associated with specific historical events. The article is an attempt to examine Polish interpretations of the War’s final stage, on the basis, primarily, of 2018 commemorative events.
Austria’s Controversial Policy toward Russia: Parties Positions
Authors: TRUKHACHEV Vadim
Published: May 2019

In recent years, Austria has become one of Russia's key partners in Europe. Austrian politicians have repeatedly suggested ways to ease or even lift anti-Russian sanctions, while, within the EU, the country, when it voted, each time agreed with their extension. There are very divergent points of view on relations with Russia among Austrian elites, and such a palette of opinions has an impact on Austrian-Russian ties and on the country's foreign policy in general.
Factors Affecting Investment Decision Making: Moderating Role of Investors Characteristics
Authors: A. Alshamy Salam
Published: May 2019

The current study aimed to investigate the factors affecting investment decision making. Moreover, the moderating effects of age, gender, and financial information were also tested. The study utilized a quantitative research design for that the data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was sent to 570 individuals out of that 374 questionnaires were returned however 372 of the questionnaires were found to be useable. The study framework had 6 constructs namely heuristics, financial information, corporate governance, risk aversion, and experience were independent variables while investment decision making was dependent variable while age, gender and financial education were moderating variables. All the latent construct were measured using multi items based on 5 point Likert scales from 1 strongly disagree to 5 strongly disagree. The results found the Heuristics, Risk Aversion, Financial Information, Corporate Governance and Experience to be significant factors affecting the investment decision making. Moreover, the moderating effect of gender was found to be significant in the relationship of (financial information, corporate governance, and experience) and investment decision making. The moderating effect of age was found to be significant in the relationship of (Heuristics, Corporate Governance, and Experience) and investment decision making while the moderating role of financial education was found to be significant in the relationship of (financial information, corporte governance and experience) and investment decision making.
Механізм управління комерціалізацією інновацій в аграрному секторі
Authors: Shestakovska T. L.
Published: May 2019

Метою статті є дослідження науково-прикладних засад формування механізму управління комерціалізацією інновацій аграрного сектору в Україні як напрямку підтримки його лідерських позицій на світовому ринку агропромислової продукції.
Наукова новизна. Запропоновано концептуальну модель механізму управління комерціалізацією інновацій в аграрному секторі. Визначено складові організаційного забезпечення механізму управління комерціалізацією інновацій в аграрному секторі та етапи його реалізації.
Висновки. Як свідчить практика, лише невелика частина інновацій трансформується в інноваційну продукцію та успішно комерціалізується шляхом її просування до зацікавлених груп споживачів. За результатами дослідження ідентифіковано проблеми комерціалізації інновацій в аграрному секторі та розроблено концептуальну схему механізму управління процесом комерціалізації.
Запропоновано концептуальну структуру механізму управління комерціалізацією інновацій в аграрному секторі. Перспективною моделлю реалізації механізму управління комерціалізацією інновацій в аграрному секторі є «Quаdruplе Hеlіx» (вища освіта – бізнес – держава – інститути громадянського суспільства), яка орієнтована на комплексне управління інноваційною діяльністю, зокрема процесом формування, передачі та реалізації наукових розробок, створенням на їх основі наукомістких технологій. Тобто, реалізація зазначеної моделі може стати ефективним методом і механізмом втілення в життя пріоритетів науки і технологій. Для успішної реалізації механізму управління комерціалізацією інновацій в аграрному секторі слід вирішити ряд комплексних проблем: інституційного характеру (вирішити питання нормативно-правового забезпечення щодо захисту прав інтелектуальної власності та комерціалізації інновацій); кадрового характеру (дефіцит або відсутність підготовлених кваліфікованих фахівців); фінансового характеру (нестача фінансування для проведення науково-дослідних робіт, придбання нового обладнання, недостатня кількість оборотних коштів тощо).
Визначено ключові етапи реалізації механізму управління комерціалізацією інновацій в аграрному секторі: 1) визначення перспективних напрямів інноваційної, науково-технічної діяльності; 2) планування науково-дослідної діяльності; створення комерційно привабливої, конкурентної на ринку інноваційної, науково-технічної продукції; 3) управління в аграрному секторі з акцентом на реалізацію та комерціалізацію результатів досліджень; 4) захист прав інтелектуальної власності на результати досліджень, зареєстрованих у патентних відомствах; 5) отримання економічних та соціальних ефектів від комерціалізації інноваційних технологій в аграрному секторі.
Формування інституту префекта на регіональному рівні: європейський управлінський досвід
Authors: Shynkarov A. M.
Published: May 2019

У статті розкриті теоретичні засади розвитку інституту префекта на регіональному рівні в контексті європейського управлінського досвіду за сучасних умов реформування системи публічного управління в Україні. досліджені теоретичні аспекти управління суб’єктом місцевого розвитку в країнах з різним рівнем ринкових відносин. Вибір європейського напрямку розвитку та відхід від догм пострадянського періоду вимагає від незалежної України становлення ефективної моделі державного управління, що зумовлює зміну як вже існуючих її інститутів, так і створення нових. Формування новітнього для України інституту префекта саме й зумовлено проведенням сучасного реформування місцевого самоврядування та територіальної організації влади в Україні.
Метою статті є теоретичне дослідження, співставний аналіз європейського досвіду, обґрунтування та розробка практичних рекомендацій щодо формування та запровадження інституту префекта в системі публічного управління України.
Наукова новизна. Полягає в уточненні сутності базових понять дослідження, зокрема «інститут представництва держави», «префект», «територіальне управління» та співставному дослідженні аспектів формування інституту представництва держави на регіональному та місцевому рівнях у Франції, Італії, Німеччині, Іспанії, Румунії та Польщі. В роботі розкрити функції та особливості організації діяльності префектів у європейських державах і проаналізовані функції та повноваження місцевих державних адміністрацій. Досліджені передумови для запровадження в Україні дієвого інституту префекта.
Висновки. Дослідження свідчить, що управління європейськими територіями в країнах з різним розвитку ринкових відносин здійснювалось як з посиленням централізації, так і з досить помітною децентралізацією публічної влади; розгляд європейського досвіду щодо організації діяльності префекта показує тенденцію саме до послаблення його ролі безпосереднього впливу на місцеве самоврядування із залишенням функцій контролю за дотриманням законності.
Модифікація інституту представництва держави на регіональному та місцевому рівнях (інститут префекта) в країнах з різним рівнем розвитку ринкових відносин, а у певній мірі навіть й з часів XIX сторіччя до сучасних умов довело, що на європейських теренах функціонує ефективний інститут (механізм) управління – префектура. Із використанням цього дієвого інституту існує розвинена та ефективна система управління територіями, що постійно вдосконалюється за умов суспільних змін і підвищення якості життя європейського населення.
PENGARUH PENDANAAN INTERNAL DAN KEMAMPULABAAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN PERUSAHAAN (Studi Kasus pada PT. Timah Tbk. dan PT. Aneka Tambang Tbk.)
Authors: . Jeffry
Published: May 2019

The objective of this research is to understand the influence of retained earning and profitability to the growth of the company, to know the significance internal fund and profitability to the growth of the company with partial and  to know the significance internal fund and profitability to the growth of the company with simultant. Projection that is used for internal fund is retained earning, profitability is return on equity (ROE), and the growth of the company is growth (g). Data used are the two mining companies for 5 years starting from 2004 until 2008Analysis methods used are coefficients correlation for the relationships between the variables, coefficients determination to measure the closeness relationship among the variables, regression coefficients to measure the influence of the free variables are bound variables, and ratio analysis to determine the size of the portion of each variable. Results of research on PT Timah Tbk and PT Aneka Tambang Tbk is (a) for t test internal fund with proxy retained earnings has a significant influance to the growth of the company with proxy growth, (b) for t test profitability with proxy return on equity doesn’t has a significant influance to the growth of the company with proxy growth, and (c) for f test internal fund with proxy retained earnings and profitability with proxy return on equityhas a significant influence to the growth of the company with proxy growth. Keywords : internal fund,  profitability, growth of the company
ANALISIS BIAYA VOLUME LABA PADA PT. HADINATA BROTHER DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN PENINGKATAN PROFITABILITAS PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Rizqi Muhammad Nur
Published: May 2019

Cost volume profit is concerned with determining the sales volume and product mix needed to achieve the level of profit. This analysis is a tool that will provide information to management about the relationship between costs, profits, product mix and sales volume based on the following assumptions: that all costs can be separated into part variable and part fixed, and that the total fixed costs are constant throughout the range analysis, and total variable costs change proportionately to changes in volume. The purpose of this study was to find a level of significance, the analysis reports in a vertical Income, Profit and Loss report analyzes horizontal and analytical results reported in the Profit and Loss concern cost volume profit at PT. Hadinata BROTHERSThe research method used is a case study method. This method covers the activities carried out by conducting research directly to the location to obtain the necessary data in connection with the problem under study. The study was conducted at the manufacturing company PT Hadinata BROTHERSFrom the results of research conducted, that the PT Hadinata BROTHERS January sales of 100%, February 77.02%, March 69.63%, 69.96% April, May 38.23%, 41.92% June decline highly significant, while the price of goods sold in January 97.65%, February 98.73%, March 90.59%, 97.66% April, May 177.40%, 112.25% in June and operating costs of January 2, 87% February 2.84% March 2.57% April 3.22% May 5.64% June 6.22%. Resulting in profits in January -0.53% February -1.67% March 6.83% -0.88% April, May -83.05%, -18.47% in June. So the calculation of break even point analysis (BEP) for January Rp. 1.884.750.000, February Rp. 1.6245 billion, in March Rp. 1.953.437.500, In April Rp. 1.889.750.000, May Rp. 1.323.000.000, June Rp. 1211370000.The results of the evaluation in this study that Analysis on the Income Statement in a vertical, PT Hadinata BROTHERS unprofitable can be said because it has not shown the numbers increased continuously. Overall in each unit of the income statement is presented there are irregularities that occurred at the Cost of Goods Sold which almost every month figures show a drop sales Cost of Goods or small. Analysis on the income statement horizontally, PT. Hadinata BROTHERS is a graph showing a decline in the percentage of each month. Overall figures on Cost of Goods Sold problems are large, while the sales figures showed a decline in every month. To anticipate the losses the company needs to make cost accounting system is organized so it can be budgeted revenues, expenses and profits as well. Key words: cost analysis of volume, profitability profit
Time, New Public Management, and Canadian Academic Librarians’ Scholarship and Service
Authors: Nicholson Karen P.
Published: May 2019

Time is a critical factor in the success of librarians’ scholarship. Shared perceptions of organizational time enable, regulate, and constrain performance. Under the values and practices of New Public Management (NPM), intended to increase accountability and efficiency in the public sector, time in the university has become accelerated, intensifed, fragmented, and commodifed. Feminist and anti-colonial scholars remind us of the differentiated temporal impacts of NPM on women and other minorities in higher education, yet to date, its impact on the feminized profession of librarianship has not been examined. Using data from semi-structured interviews with 24 librarians working in Canadian U15 public research-intensive universities, the present article seeks to address this gap by exploring the impact of neoliberal timescapes on librarians’ scholarship and professional-service activities. Findings indicate that time is an important mechanism through which neoliberal governmentality is enacted. Being a “successful” researcher is largely dependent on intrinsic motivation and self-regulation. Trying to work with, rather than against, neoliberal timescapes facilitates research. Results also suggest that conficting organizational timescapes may exist between library directors and librarians, and that, as researchers, Canadian academic librarians are being held accountable to ambiguous performance standards and impracticable timescapes.
Need Analysis of the Development of Economics Interactive E-Module Based on Contextual Teaching and Learning for SMA
Authors: Hutahaean Lidia Aprileny , Siswandari Siswandari , Harini Harini
Published: May 2019

This study was aimed to conduct need analysis towards the development of interactive e-module based on Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) for the students of class X of SMA. This study was an initial research included in the development model of Four-D by Thiagarajan, et al. This study was limited at the define stage (need assessment) coming from the results of the observation, the interview, and the documentation. The define stage was conducted with: a) curriculum analysis, b) analysis of students’ characteristics, c) material analysis, and d) specifying instructional objectives. The data analysis was conducted descriptively and interpretatively. The subjects of the research were the economics teachers and the students of class X of SMA Negeri 6 Pematangsiantar. The result of the analysis showed that the curriculum used in SMA Negeri 6 Pematangsiantar was the 2013 curriculum in which the implementation emphasized on the use of the innovative learning media and strategy. From the characteristic of the cognitive development, the students of class X of SMA could study using Contextual Teaching and Learning. Besides, the students and the teachers were enthusiastic with the development of more interactive learning model. The material that was taught was the material of the Basic Concepts of Economicsby referring to the syllabus used by the school. The final objective that was achieved in this development research was to improve the economics learning outcomes of the students of SMA Negeri 6 Pematangsiantar. This study was the part of the development research of the interactive e-module based on CTL as the learning media of the students of class X of SMA to improve the economics learning outcomes of the students.
Factores clave de éxito en el marketing: Estrategia de reforzamiento empresarial
Authors: Saldaña Maldonado Julio Adrián , Luna Altamirano Kléber Antonio , Lituma Yascaribay Mónica Alexandra , Torres Beltrán Alicia Mariela , Castro Vazquez Prissila Germania
Published: May 2019

El marketing puede ser definido como el motor que brinda a las empresas un fortalecimiento de sus estrategias, de sus procesos y de sus equipos de trabajo con lo que se tendrá una visión global del mercado para el cumplimiento de sus objetivos. El propósito de esta investigación es realizar algunas reflexiones teóricas de los factores clave de éxito en el marketing. La metodología consiste en el análisis de documentos teóricos y empíricos. Los resultados revelan que: 1) Las reflexiones derivadas implican el reconocimiento de características particulares que definen al marketing como vía para el reforzamiento de las empresas; 2) el marketing comunica información clave sobre el producto, mercado y competencia con varias particularidades en las pequeñas y medianas empresas; 3) Entre las ventajas competitivas del marketing se encuentra el marketing sensorial y el crecimiento empresarial a partir del plan. Se concluye que el plan de marketing es un factor de relevancia para las empresas por sus capacidades e información en el reforzamiento estructural empresarial.
Análisis multivariante para el estudio socio-económico - parroquia Carmen de Pijili
Authors: Zamora Zamora Geovanny , Banegas Peña Tito Max , Flores Flores María Eliza , Becerra Molina Jorge Edison
Published: May 2019

La complejidad de los fenómenos de las ciencias en general hace que los investigadores se vean obligados a enfrentarse a problemas complejos, multivalentes, en los cuales intervienen y coexisten variables llamadas predictoras y las llamadas de resultados, respuesta o eventos, que requieren se tipificadas entre grandes volúmenes de datos. Por esta razón se realiza un estudio socioeconómico de la comunidad, empleando las técnicas métricas para determinar la situación social y económica utilizando conceptos avanzados y herramientas para el examen e interpretación integral de los resultados. El análisis multivariante (Martínez Arias, 2008) “es una herramienta que, en los últimos años ha alcanzado gran desarrollo en las investigaciones de las ciencias sociales, a pesar de no ser esta herramienta de fácil aplicación para los estudiosos”. El objetivo del presente trabajo tiene como fin realizar un análisis multivariante para el estudio socio-económico de la parroquia Carmen de Pijili y sus zonas aledañas, información que permita determinar las grandes necesidades, tomar las mejores decisiones, planificar las políticas públicas y proyectar la asistencia social a las personas más desfavorecidas y poder optimizar la calidad de vida de los habitantes. De un universo de 580 familias, se tomó una muestra de 69 familias, mismas que fueron consultadas sobre variables de índole socio-económico y equipamiento local. La base de datos, fue procesada y depurada en el software Dyana y SPSS, para obtener los indicadores estadísticos requeridos en el análisis social.
La planeación financiera como herramienta de gestión para mejorar la rentabilidad en las instituciones financieras
Authors: Salazar Tenelanda Marco Vinicio , Alvear Haro Paulina Fernanda , Sampedro Redrobán Myriam Cecilia
Published: May 2019

El desarrollo de esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar estrategias financieras que permitan mejorar la rentabilidad de una institución financiera, potenciando la colocación del crédito a mediano y largo plazo, para estimular el desempeño en la gestión productiva del sector empresarial. Este estudio luego de identificar la problemática realizó un diagnóstico basado en encuestas, entrevistas y análisis financieros a los balances de la entidad, los mismos que ayudaron a definir las estrategias, establecidas como herramientas para mejorar la rentabilidad del banco. Se demostró con los resultados obtenidos que los clientes de la entidad en estudio están inconformes con las condiciones del crédito establecidas actualmente, que la rentabilidad en general es baja, obteniendo un ROE del 5,6% y un ROA del 0,49%. Se concluye que un adecuado diagnóstico financiero es fundamental para la toma de decisiones, y a la vez se recomienda aplicar las estrategias propuestas las cuales según la corrida financiera y aplicando los indicadores de rentabilidad a los balances proyectados, se obtuvo un  ROE del 7,15% y un ROA del 0,67% evidenciando que es necesario el cambio de estrategias y políticas en la colocación y captación de recursos en el banco en estudio, para de esta manera sobre salir en el mercado financiero altamente competitivo.
La capacitación enfocada en el liderazgo operativo como instrumento para mejorar el servicio de consulta externa en el Hospital del IESS del Cantón Milagro.
Authors: Lopez Macancela Tanya Elizabeth , Serrano Mantilla Gonzalo Lenin
Published: May 2019

Mediante la presente investigación se busca desarrollar una propuesta de un programa de capacitación enfocada en el liderazgo operativo como instrumento para mejorar el servicio de la consulta externa del Hospital del IESS del Cantón Milagro, todo ello para que se cumpla y favorezca el desempeño de una manera inestimable las actividades y funciones que se encuentran ejecutando cada empleado, para el logro de los objetivos del Centro. En la presente investigación se utilizó tanto del método deductivo como inductivo, mediante los cuales se puedo analizar el estudio del servicio en la consulta externa, y con la aplicación del método comparativo se analizaron los programas de capacitación que contribuyeron a solucionar problemas de efectividad en el desempeño del servicio dado. Como resultado de la investigación se determinó que la evidencia empírica, determina que la falta de liderazgo operativo es el principal obstáculo en la capacitación del personal, otros resultados son que la inadecuada detección de necesidades de capacitación y la carencia de opciones contribuyen a ver la capacitación como un requisito, que, aunque es necesario no resuelve el mejoramiento del servicio de la consulta externa del Hospital del IESS del Cantón Milagro
Plutarch and the Persica
Authors: Almagor Eran
Published: May 2019

This book addresses two historical mysteries. The first is the content and character of the fourth century BCE Greek works on the Persian Achaemenid Empire treatises called the Persica. The second is the method of work of the second century CE biographer Plutarch of Chaeronea (CE 45-120) who used these works to compose his biographies, in particular the Life of the Persian king Artaxerxes. By dealing with both issues simultaneously, Almagor proposes a new way of approaching the two entangled problems, and offers a better understanding of both the portrayal of ancient Persia in the lost Persica works and the manner of their reception and adaptation nearly five hundred years later. Intended for both scholars and students of the Achaemenid Empire and Greek imperial literature, this book bridges the two worlds and two important branches of scholarship. The book builds a picture of the character and structure of the lost Persica works by Ctesias of Cnidus, Deinon of Colophon, Heracleides of Cyme. While focusing on the Artaxerxes (and certain other passages), it shows how Plutarch used the Persica.
The 1980s: Developing Hostility and the Origins of the Islamic Republic’s Nuclear Programme
Authors: Hurst Steven
Published: May 2019

Chronologically, Chapter Two focuses on the 1980s, but the main theme of the chapter is the development of mutual antipathy between Iran and the United States. This development is traced through an examination of their interactions from the 1953 coup to the Iran-Iraq War. The chapter emphasizes how the experiences of the 1953 coup in Iran, the Iranian Revolution and subsequent hostage crisis and the Iran-Iraq War contributed to the development of a profound and widespread mutual hostility between the two countries that would subsequently come to act as a major constraint on policy-makers on both sides. The chapter also examines the origins of the IRI's nuclear programme and its connection to the emerging conflict with the USA.
Conflicting Memories in the Shtetlekh Gąbin, Suchowola, Brańsk and Luboml
Authors: Cinquegrani Maurizio
Published: May 2019

This chapter explores narratives of return in a series of documentaries filmed on the sites of memory of Jewish life in Poland. It focuses on the role played by the Poles in the persecution of the Jews and on the memory of the events. It also addresses the ways in which a traumatic past is still inscribed in present-day landscapes.
Melancomic Time in Late Shakespeare
Authors: Bernard J. F.
Published: May 2019

The chapter suggests that late Shakespearean drama develops a melancomic philosophy predicated on the yoking together of past memories of sorrow and a present sense of gratification. The late plays’ the staging of a miraculous resolution to powerful trauma stems from taxonomies related to comic melancholy rather than from the tragic overtones of their initial premises. In late Shakespeare, irreparable past tragedies, exacerbated by lengthy time gaps, haunt seemingly joyous conclusions. This melancholy suggests a voluntary sense of comic failure, since the melancomic quality of the plays infers both the legitimising of melancholy as a valid comic emotion and the nostalgic impossibility of return to a dramatic state of bliss. This emotional response transcends generic quagmires in representing a highly pleasurable feeling that can be understood as a precursor to nostalgia. Lastly, the chapter examines The Two Noble Kinsmen as evidence that, despite its transformative achievements, Shakespeare’s comic melancholy loses out in the dramatic landscape of the seventeenth-century, being supplanted by works predicated on a focal return towards humourality and the increased dramatic presence of medical practitioner characters.
Amateur Women Filmmakers as Producers of Cultural Meaning
Authors: Motrescu-Mayes Annamaria , Nicholson Heather Norris
Published: May 2019

Amateur women film makers expressed their changing role in society, sense of selfhood and being in the world through film. It enabled them to negotiate the complexities of class, inheritance, status, authority, geography, convention and modernity. These films are part of the twentieth century's unofficial visual histories yet until recently they have been largely neglected in Britain’s public and private collections. This discussion sets women's filmmaking against wider histories of gender, social, economic, cultural and geo-political change. This framing allows the authors to discuss film production in Britain's contrasting national and colonial settings, to question subjectivities, probe at meanings and rework assumptions and expectations associated with British ways of life in and beyond the final decades of colonialism. Discussion introduces case-studies, methodologies and related literature so that readers may follow the broadly chronological structure of subsequent chapters and individual topics. Relevant archival sources related to colonial and British-based film making are identified, as are the specialist magazines for amateur film enthusiasts and the organisational support available via cine clubs and the Institute of Amateur Cinematography. Interdisciplinary and intentionally offering different interpretative approaches, this introductory overview offers a framework for reading on and a springboard of ideas for further research.