bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceived stress and eating behavior among residents in a teaching hospital
Authors: Bin Mugren Mohammed A. , Al Turki Yousef A.
Published: December 2021

Objectives:

This study aimed to estimate the association between perceived stress and eating behavior among residents in a tertiary teaching hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

A total of 305 residents were invited from seven major specialties in King Saud University Medical City to participate in this cross-sectional study, and among them, 214 completed the questionnaire between April 2019 and January 2020. The questionnaire evaluated stress and eating behavior using the 4-item Perceived Stress Scale and Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, respectively. Moreover, items related to socio-demographic data, weekend coverage per month, night duties per month, fast food, snacks, and vegetables and fruits intake were included.

Results:

We found a weak positive correlation at the significance level (P < 0.05) between the level of stress and both the clearly labeled emotions (0.184) and emotional eating (0.171). Furthermore, there was a significant effect of specialty, Wilk’s Lambda =0.858, F (30, 814) =1.062, P = 0.030. Among residents who performed 4 to 6-night duties per month, a significant correlation existed between stress and abnormal eating behaviors.

Conclusion:

Our findings demonstrated a positive correlation between stress, night duties, and abnormal eating behaviors. Furthermore, the results suggested unhealthy dietary habits and food choices among residents.
Spontaneous epidural hematoma
Authors: Takroni Samaa Y. , Nasiri Abdulrahman M. , Ahmed Elguneid , Alkharras Reem A.
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is defined as an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the production of abnormal hemoglobin S and is correlated with high morbidity and mortality. The clinical consequences of SCD include pain crisis, acute chest syndrome, and strokes. Spontaneous epidural hematoma is a rare manifestation in sicklers with few cases reported in the literature.[6] The pathophysiology is not completely understood. However, a few explanations have been reported over the years that include vaso-occlusion of the bone resulting in bone infarction, microfracture due to rapid expansion of hematopoiesis of the inner cortex, and sludging of the sickle cells in the diploic veins—all result in leaking of blood in the epidural or in the subgalea space.

Patient Concerns:

A 14-year-old boy known to have SCD (Hb SS) presented to the Security Forces Hospital with a history of diffuse headache associated with nausea that started 12 h prior to presentation.

Diagnosis:

Computed tomography (CT) showed bilateral frontal epidural hematoma and subgaleal space.

Intervention:

A multidisciplinary team was created (hematology, neurology, neurosurgery, and interventional radiology) and a plan was formulated as follows: Continuous monitoring of the patient’s neuro vital signs and transfuse the patient with blood and platelets in addition with Levetiracetam.

Outcomes:

The patient was discharged after 9 days of hospital admission. He has remained symptom-free post-transfusion. Post-discharge CT scan showed a reduction in the hematoma size.

Conclusion:

A high index of suspicion is needed for a prompt diagnosis and treatment of this rare complication of SCD. The management strategy of EDH depends on the level of consciousness of the patient upon presentation. Surgical approach with craniotomy and evacuation or conservative management have been used with full recovery of the patients.
COVID-19
Authors: Juyal Deepak , Pal Shekhar , Thaledi Shweta , Pandey Hem Chandra
Published: December 2021

The ongoing COVID-19 vaccine drives across the world, including India, may have caused people to adopt risky behavior such as decreased or non-adherence to COVID-appropriate social behavior. Such phenomenon in which people are more likely to engage in risky behavior when security measures have been mandated is termed as the “Peltzman Effect” and apart from the emergence of various variants, it may have contributed to the recent upsurge in the number of new COVID-19 cases across the world, including in India. To make the worldwide COVID-19 vaccine drive successful, it is important to acknowledge, understand and minimize the potential harms from Peltzman Effect.
Evaluation of effects of Spilanthes acmella extract on muscle mass and sexual potency in males
Authors: Pradhan Nihar Ranjan , Mishra Kumar Guru , Patnaik Nabnita , Nayak Ranjeeta
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

Spilanthol, an active metabolite of the herb Spilanthes acmella, has many biological and pharmacological effects with limited studies on humans.

Objectives:

To determine the extent of increase/decrease in muscle mass and sexual frequency over a period of 3 weeks and 2 months in participants consuming SA3X capsules (containing 500 mg of Spilanthes acmella extract, standardized to 3.5% spilanthol delivering 17.5 mg spilanthol).

Materials and Methods:

The study is longitudinal in nature and is conducted among 240 male participants consuming SA3X capsules at three points – first at recruitment, second at the end of 3 weeks, and lastly at the end of 2 months in Hyderabad and Secunderabad who were assessed for muscle gain by measuring mid upper-arm circumference (MUAC), chest circumference (CC), thigh circumference (TC), and for sexual activity by a change in frequency of sexual activity and duration of penile erection. The nutrient intake was assessed by 24-h dietary recall method at each visit along with the daily activity.

Results:

A significant increase in the MUAC, (P = 0.050), frequency of sexual intercourse (P = 0.028), and duration of penile erection (P = 0.032) were observed at the end of 3 weeks; however, no changes were observed in CC and TC. At the end of 2 months, a significant increase in the parameters MUAC (P = 0.031), frequency of sexual intercourse (P < 0.001), duration of penile erection (P = 0.029) along with significant increase in CC; (P = 0.048) and TC; (P = 0.036) was observed.

Conclusion:

The study reflects the herb Spilanthes acmella to be a potent muscle gainer and aphrodisiac. However, further studies on humans need to be carried out to establish the temporality of the association of spilanthol with its claimed benefits.
Seroprevalence and attainment of herd immunity against SARS CoV-2
Authors: Paul Abhijit , Kadnur Harshith B. , Ray Animesh , Chatterjee Samrat , Wig Naveet
Published: December 2021

Objective:

The present study aims to predict the likelihood of and likely time required to attain herd immunity against COVID-19 in New Delhi due to natural infection.

Method:

An ODE-based mathematical model was constructed by extending the classical SEIR model to predict the seroprevalence rate. We estimated the parameter values for Delhi using available data (reported cases and the seroprevalence rate) and used them for future prediction. Also, changes in the seroprevalence rate with different possibilities of reinfection were predicted.

Results:

Maximum seroprevalence rate obtained through our model is 31.65% and also a reduction in the seroprevalence rate was observed for the upcoming one month (month of January, 2021) due to the reduced transmission rate. After increasing the transmission rate to the value same as the third wave in New Delhi, we obtained a maximum value of 54.96%. This maximum value significantly decreased with the reduction in the reinfection possibilities. Also, a little impact of the duration of persistence of antibodies, 180 vs 105 days, was observed on the maximum seroprevalence.

Conclusion:

This modelling study suggests that natural infection alone, as gauged by serial sero-surveys, may not result in attainment of herd immunity in the state of Delhi.
Huge pelvic retroperitoneal cyst masquerading as hydrosalpinx
Authors: Harvitkar Rafique U. , Sankpal Rajendra , Joshi Abhijit
Published: December 2021

Primary retroperitoneal cysts (RPCs) are a rare surgical entity and are mostly detected incidentally. Usually, they are asymptomatic. At times, they may attain a huge size and may present with a large abdominal lump. Often, they pose a dilemma at diagnosis and for management. Though the laparoscopic approach has been described for their surgical excision, open surgery is still the preferred approach. We herein present a case of a voluminous retroperitoneal pelvic cystic mass in a 40-year-old female, which was diagnosed as hydrosalpinx on a magnetic resonance imaging scan. The patient was referred to us by the specialist in gynecologic laparoscopy after the incidental discovery of the RPC during his surgical intervention, purportedly for large hydrosalpinx. At our hospital, 4 days after the above intervention, she underwent laparoscopic complete excision of the cyst. Her postoperative recovery was uneventful and she was discharged on postoperative day 3 without any complications. Histopathology was suggestive of Mullerian inclusion cyst. This case report aims to share a rare case of a large primary retroperitoneal pelvic cystic lesion, which caused a diagnostic challenge preoperatively but was eventually managed successfully, laparoscopically.
Overweight
Authors: Rajiva Rajiva , Faujdar Dharamjeet S. , Bobdey Saurabh , Pardal Maninder P. S.
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

Obesity may contribute to the initiation, progression, transmission, and deterioration of COVID-19. However, there was lack of such studies carried out by Indian workers.

Materials and Methods:

Data of cumulative cases of COVID-19 of various countries as on the day the peak incidence were reported in each country during the first and second waves of the pandemic was obtained from the internet. Data on prevalence of overweight were obtained by doing a thorough search of existing literature. The data so collected were tabulated and analyzed using SPSS version 20 to establish a correlation coefficient between overweight and COVID-19. Data pertaining to overweight status and age profile and COVID-19 status as on 28 Feb 2021 was collated as part of routine surveillance from the Health Department in an urban area. The total population for which the above data was obtained was 1107. The data so collected were subject to statistical analysis using SPSS version 20, to find out the odds ratio of overweight as a risk factor for COVID-19 after adjusting for age.

Results:

Correlation coefficient between overweight and COVID-19 for data pertaining to the first wave and the second wave 0.95 and 0.94, respectively. Odds ratio of overweight as a risk factor for COVID-19 after adjusting for age works out to 2.95 (95% confidence interval 2.30- 3.78). Mean age of the study subjects was 32.61 years (median 32 years, minimum 19 years, maximum 54 years, standard deviation 6.62).

Limitations:

The limitation of the present study is that the workers could only obtain retrospective data, carry out a case-control study and calculate odd ratio for overweight as a risk factor for COVID-19.
Effect of physical activity on mental wellbeing among teachers of secondary school in Almadina city, Saudi Arabia
Authors: AL-Johani Riyadh Mohammed
Published: December 2021

Background:

Physical activity has many beneficial effects on mental health. Benefit of physical activity appears proportional to the amount of activity rather than the intensity of physical activity.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of physical activity on mental wellbeing of teachers of secondary school in Almadina city- 2019.

Subjects and Methods:

A descriptive cross sectional study was applied among a representative multi-stage random sample of secondary school teachers in Almadina. Two validated questionnaires, in addition to personal data were utilized to collect data; Short-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) version 2.0 to evaluate physical activity and the Warwick-Edinburg Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) to assess mental wellbeing both in Arabic language.

Results:

The study included 230 teachers. Their age ranged between 27 and 59 years with a mean ± (SD) of 39.4 (±7.6) years. Almost half of them were males (50.4%). Most of the teachers were either overweight (30%) or obese (40.9%). Almost half of teachers (48.3%) reported moderate level of physical activity whereas only 9.1% reported high level. Low level of physical activity was mentioned by 42.6% of the respondents. There was no significant difference between male and female teachers regarding physical activity level. The association between level of physical activity and body mass index was statistically significant, P < 0.001. Majority of the teachers expressed high mental wellbeing level while only 3.5% of them had low level of mental wellbeing. High level of mental well-being was observed among 95.6% of females compared to 85.3% of males, P = 0.008. There was a statistically significant positive association between levels of physical activity and mental well-being among teachers (P = 0.002).

Conclusion:

Level of practicing physical activities among secondary school teachers in Almadina is suboptimal, with no gender difference. Majority of the teachers have high mental well-being, particularly females. There is a positive association between levels of physical activity and mental wellbeing among teachers.
Digitization of disability certification using technology to curtail infringement of dignity
Authors: Vasudeva Abhimanyu , Sheikh Nishat A. , Sahu Samantak
Published: December 2021

Privacy and dignity are the rights of every human being. The disability certificate issued has the medical diagnosis mentioned explicitly as well as the patients’ photograph. A person with disability needs to produce a certificate to avail the benefits, which the law of the land accords. This article discusses the dignity and privacy issues, which may be felt while producing such a certificate before competent authorities and proposes a blinded disability certificate. Besides, the proposed certificate uses advanced technologies to link a functioning profile to a cloud-based central database.
Structural Modification for Personally Licensed Vehicles to Meet the Transportation Needs of Persons with Disabilities
Authors:   Adaptive Devices Standards Committee
Published: December 2021

The recommendations in this SAE Information Report apply to structural integrity, performance, driveability, and serviceability of personally licensed vehicles not exceeding 10 000 lb GVWR. While many of these recommendations may have application to other vehicles, such as those used in paratransit operations, the contents of this document are not directed at these types of vehicles.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Thermal Comfort of an Office Building Equipped with Hybrid Downdraft Evaporative Cooler
Authors: Haruna I.U. , Rufai I.A. , Yahaya D.B.
Published: December 2021

In office buildings, provision of thermal comfort for occupant’s high intellectual concentration, efficiency and productivity is imperative. This study experimentally and numerically investigates the thermal comfort performance of HDEC system equipped to an office building. The experiment was carried out in September, October and November for 24 working days and the thermal comfort Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) index being the objective function was determined using Centre for Built Environment thermal comfort tool. DesignBuilder CFD simulation software was employed to numerically determine the PMV index of the test office using ASHRAE Standard-55 thermal comfort range of PMV=±0.5. Minitab 19 software was used to validate the numerical results against the experimental results. The Pearson correlation coefficient and the P-value at 95% confidence level were 0.717 and 0.00 respectively while the RMSE computed was 0.653 indicating a good agreement between the numerical and the experimental results. Both PMV results indicate that the HDEC system is suitable for the provision of thermal comfort in office buildings and any other similar building.
Identification of Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus From Clinical Samples and Environments of a General Hospital in Osogbo
Authors: Adekunle O.C. , Bolaji O.S. , Olalekan A.O. , Oyakeye T.O.
Published: December 2021

Infections associated with Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) have high mortality rate and lead to economic loss with a long stay in the hospital. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the major nosocomial pathogens which are acquired in the health care facilities. The objective of the study is to investigate the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in clinical sources and hospital environments. Samples were collected, cultured and identified morphologically. Likewise, the antibiotic susceptibility profile was done. Identification was also done molecularly using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) method. Sixty-three isolates were positive for S. aureus out of 370 clinical samples (urine, wound, nasal swabs and pus) and 37 positives out of 262 samples from hospital environments. Majority of the isolates were sensitive to cefoxitin, novobiocin and majority were resistant to ceftazidine, cloxacillin and augmentin. Seventy-one to ninety- five percent and 51-72% exhibited multi-drug resistance among clinical samples and hospital environments respectively. Both samples were positive for nuc and mec A genes. The detection of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in hospital environments may pose a great danger to patients especially those of compromised status.
Sub-Chronic Toxicity Evaluation of Tannery Waste Water to Clarias gariepinus Juveniles
Authors: Ibrahim S.S. , Imam T.S. , Zungum I.U.
Published: December 2021

This paper was conducted to investigate the sub-chronic toxicity of tannery effluents sourced from Challawa industrial estate Kano, Nigeria using Clarias gariepinus. The study covered physicochemical parameters, haematological, and biochemical stress enzymes assessments. The water quality results revealed mean value of Temperature (29.92±1.93oC), pH (8.14±0.85), DO (1.60±0.38mg/l), BOD (0.77±0.16mg/l), Salinity (7.75±0.60mg/l), Nitrate (1.19 ± 0.05mg/l) and Phosphate (16.48±0.85mg/l). After termination of 21 days sub-chronic test, haematological and biochemical changes analysed were generally considered significantly different (P<0.05) within the treatments. The haematological indices revealed a decrease and sudden increase in concentration of estimated values of PCV, Hb, RBC, MCHC and MCH, while WBC and MCV fluctuated. These may be attributed to stress, the duration of exposure and levels of pollutants in the effluent. Furthermore, oxidative stress enzymes followed an order of SOD > CAT > GSH. This could be due to level of pollutants in the effluent. The results of the data indicated tannery effluent to have a toxic effect on the experimented organism. The information calls for a more enrich toxicity testing that should involve wide range of organisms. It should entail reproductive aspects of the species, detail relationship and enhanced methodological procedures.
Extraction and Formulation of Perfume from Cymbopogon citratus (Lemongrass)
Authors: Ameh O.E. , Achika J.I. , Bello N.M. , Owolaja A.J.
Published: December 2021

This work aimed to extract perfume from the leaves of Cymbopogon citratus using three extraction methods viz: distillation, solvent extraction and expression or effleurage. About 150 g of dried lemons grass were extracted using ethanol as the solvent to obtain essential oils required for the formulation of perfumes. The result of the hydrodistillation process showed that 1.23 g of essential oil per 130g of dry lemongrass produce 0.95% oil at 78 °C, while the effleurage method was 2.55 g of essential oil per 130 g of dry lemongrass sample thereby producing 1.96% oil yield. The solvent extraction method gave 2.7 g of essential oil per 130 g of dry lemongrass sample. This gives about 2.08 % yield of essential oil at a temperature of 78°C i.e. the boiling point of ethanol. The solvent extraction method yielded 2.08%, the effleuragemethod yielded 1.96% and the hydrodistillation method yielded 0.95% essential oil respectively. In conclusion, solvent extraction gave the highest yield because of less exposure to air and heat, which is highly recommended as the most suitable method for the extraction of essential oil.
Effect of Different Sowing Media on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of (Golden Shower Tree) Senna fistula L
Authors: Majekodunmi O.A. , Abiola I.O. , Aderemi A.M. , Adedipe J.O. , Ogunwale O.G. , Oyewole O.O.
Published: December 2021

This study investigated the effect of sowing media on the seed germination and subsequent seedling growth of Senna fistula L. Treatments were T1 (Top soil), T2 (River sand), T3 (Grinded coconut husk) and T4 (weathered sawdust), replicated two times for seed germination. The treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and the data generated was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% level of significance, while mean separation where appropriate was done using Least Significant Difference (LSD). The different sowing media used had positive effect on the seed emergence, the seeds planted in river sand had the highest emergence percentage of 70%. The different sowing media used did not have any significant effect on the vegetative growth parameters, statistically, they had same effect on the parameters measured. Nonetheless, seedlings from river sand produced highest number of leave (20.4), seedlings from topsoil produced highest plant height and largest leaf area of l0.62 cm and 37.l4 cm2 respectively. The seedlings from weathered sawdust produced the highest stem diameter of 0.79 mm, while seedlings from grinded coconut husk had lowest values for all the growth parameters measured. Therefore, it is recommended that river sand or weathered sawdust can be used to propagate Senna fistula seeds.
Isolation of Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst. From the Wild in Lagos through Tissue Culture Techniques and Cultivation on Sawdust of Six Nigerian Hardwoods
Authors: Adongbede E.M. , Atoyebi A.F.
Published: December 2021

Cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst, a medicinal mushroom known for antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities is not practiced in Nigeria. Tree species used for cultivation in Asia, America and Europe are not available in Nigeria. The present study investigated indigenous hardwoods and their supplementation with rice and wheat bran as substrates for its cultivation. Six hardwoods (Mansonia altissima (A Chev.) A Chev., Avecennia germinans (L.) L, Lophira alata Banks ex Gaertn., Triplochiton scleoxylon K. Schum, Uapaca guineensis Mull. Arg, Nauclea diderrichii (De Wild. & Th. Dur.) Merrill) were investigated as potential growth substrates and potentially improve biological efficiency. The mushroom was collected from the wild and identification confirmed by amplifying the ribosomal DNA-ITS fragment with ITS1 and ITS4 primers. Tissue culture of the mushroom collected from the wild was initiated successfully with modified malt extract agar and grain spawn developed from it. The substrates were incubated after inoculation with grain spawn at room temperature for 30-60 days. Substrates were given cold treatment for 7days to induce fructification which was achieved with 9-10h/day regime and daily watering. There was full mycelial ramification of all substrates by the mushroom. Fruit bodies were harvested from all substrates but Lophira alata. The highest yield (308.76±5.81g/kg) was recorded with Mansonia altissima (Biological Efficiency-31.42±4.55%) and the least yield (31.45±5.44g/kg) was recorded in Nauclea diderrichii (B.E- 5.25±0.58%). The substrates with wheat bran performed significantly better than rice bran supplemented substrates. Commercial cultivation of native G. lucidum in Nigeria is possible with local agricultural wastes.
Abundance, Distribution, Morphometric, Feeding Evaluation and the Reproductive Strategies of Gymnarchus niloticus in the Lower River Niger at Agenebode, Edo State Nigeria
Authors: Agbugui M.O. , Abhulimen F.E. , Adeniyi A.O.
Published: December 2021

The study of the numerous areas of biology of fish produces ample and relevant information that aids scientist to explore, know and maintain the survival, growth, continuity and sustainability of life of various fish species. A total of 94 specimens of Gymnarchus niloticus were collected from River Niger at Agenebode during the sample period that ranged from 14 – 94 cm total length (54.88± 17.92); weighed 424 - 2281g (1569.61 ± 422.85). The length weight relationship (LWR) of G. niloticus in this study showed a negative (b<3) allometric growth pattern. Out of the 94 specimens analysed 54 males and 40 females were examined with a ratio of 1:1.4. Insects and decapods were the major food of the juveniles of Gymnarchus niloticus while the major food of preference of the sub adults and adults were Fish and insects with 27.12%, and 27.97% by FO. Gymnarchus niloticus possesses a single ovary in the female and single testis in the male which is often referred to as unpaired gonad. Fecundity ranged between 620 to 1378 eggs with a mean of 957.69 ± 112.31 eggs in females. The relationship between fecundity (F) and weight (W) and fecundity and standard length (SL) showed that fecundity is more related to weight than length of fish. Log F = 820.66 + 0.11 W and Log F = 151.23 + 5.31 SL. Fecundity had a positive significant correlation (P<0.05) with both somatic weight (r = 0.714) and standard length (r = 0.657) of fish. Ova diameter showed a ranged between 3.5 and 7.9 mm with a mean of 4.72 ± SD1.69 mm and it had significant relationship (P<0.05) with total weight, gonad weight and maturity stage. Gymnarchus niloticus in the Lower River Niger at Agenebode showed that G. niloticus has an unpaired gonad in both sexes, a gonochoristic reproductive pattern. Fecundity is low and the ova are large. They are small brood spawners with asynchronous breeding strategy. The attributes of G. niloticus obtained from this study reveals that the fish species is a good candidate for fish culture.
Maqamic, Form and Harmonic Analysis of the Waltz from Amirov’s 12 Miniature
Authors: SAĞLAM Göktuğ Ege , ÇAĞLAK Ayşe
Published: December 2021

Maqamic, form and harmonic analysis of the piece Waltz, one of the 12 independent miniatures that Fikret Amirov composed for piano, is the subject of this study. The aim of the research is to contribute to the literature by analyzing the maqamic, form and harmonic of the piece Waltz. This study has been thought to be important in providing information to music educators and students in terms of maqamic, form and harmonic analysis. In this study, which is a qualitative study based on due diligence, the data were obtained by scanning the source through document analysis. This piece, selected with a purposeful sampling approach among non-random sampling methods, was analyzed using descriptive research methods and techniques. In line with the findings obtained, it is seen that the piece was composed in Shur maqam centred in A. The piece was written with the 3/4 time signature and in the two-part song form. As a result of harmonic analysis, counterpointal sensation rather than homophonal sensation has been observed. It is seen that the harmony of the piece differs according to the harmony theories of western music. The processing of functions has been shaped within the maqamic polyphony.
Research of social expectations of university students in the dimensions of psychological well-being
Authors: Semenov Oleksandr , Oleshko Petro , Tsymbal Svitlana , Liashko Vera , Shevchenko Alyona , Popovych Ihor
Published: December 2021

The aim of the article is to argue theoretically and empirically study the relationship between social expectations and psychological well-being of university students. Methodological starting points of empirical research are outlined. Valid and reliable test methods are used to study the psychological content parameters of social expectations and psychological well-being. The results determined that the psychological features of social expectations and psychological well-being of student's youth are theoretically substantiated. It was found that the respondents have an average level of parameters of psychological well-being and social expectations, which indicates moderate life satisfaction and the presence of adequate orientation in the socio-psychological reality. The most formed components of psychological well-being are the balance of affect and meaningfulness, which indicates the awareness of their own lives by student’s youth. It is recorded that the respondents have the least formed - self-acceptance, positive attitude and autonomy.
Digital instruments in educational activities
Authors: Dubrova Oksana A. , Kirillova Inna K. , Orlova Anna I. , Stryapikhina Anna A. , Semenov Sergey V.
Published: December 2021

The objective of this article is analysis of the experience of implementing digital tools in educational activities and identifying the possibilities of modern digital tools in educational activities. Among the participants are students of higher educational institutions. The results allowed determining that Digital tools introduced and used in educational activities contribute to the training of a highly qualified specialist in demand in the labor market.
Gamification in modern education
Authors: Tsarapkina Julia M. , Vaganova Olga I. , Lapshova Anna V. , Koldina Margarita I. , Sedov Ivan A.
Published: December 2021

Purpose of the article is analysis of the experience of gamification in modern professional education. The article presents an analysis of the project activities of senior students of higher educational institutions against the background of gamification of the educational process. The study made it possible to determine the role of gamification in modern vocational education. Gamification acts as a means of promoting deeper involvement of students in the educational process, their achievement of higher indicators and results. Its development in modern education expands the opportunities for training students.
Networking of educational institutions and commercial enterprises
Authors: Kuzmina Natalia , Shirokova Valentina , Sitnikova Svetlana , Eltsova Valentina
Published: December 2021

Currently, in Russia there is a systemic gap between the educational service market and employers’ requirements for a university graduate. Employers are not satisfied with the educational system, which cannot close this gap on its own. This situation requires access to an open educational system, which implies involvement in the training of both the educational institution and employer. As part of the research, a hypothesis about the greater efficiency of future specialist training in the format of network interaction between educational institutions and commercial companies was put forward. The purpose of the research is to prove that future specialist training in the format of networking between educational institutions and for-profit companies is more effective than the classical student training programme in Russia. As part of the research, with the case method, the essence of network interaction between educational institutions and for-profit entities and their optimal format were discovered by the example of communication between the Far Eastern State University of Communications and Russian Railways JSC. In addition, an experiment to confirm or refute the hypothesis put forward was conducted. As a result of the research, the essence of networking between educational institutions and for-profit entities. The experiment carried out confirmed the hypothesis about the greater efficiency of future specialist training for the railway sector in the format of networking between educational institutions and the Russian Railways company.
Assessment of awareness of pharmacy profession as a career among secondary school students in Kaduna state, Nigeria
Authors: Musa Abbas , Magaji Muhammad Garba , Bello Raliya Muhammad
Published: December 2021

Background: Pharmacists play prominent roles in the health care system and enjoy a wide variety of inter-related careers, placing them among the high-ranking health professionals.    Aim: To assess the awareness of pharmacy as a career among secondary school students in the Zaria and Giwa educational zones of Kaduna State, Nigeria.     Method:  A cross-sectional survey was conducted in secondary schools located in the Zaria and Giwa educational zones in Kaduna state, Nigeria; a sample of 278 students completed a 26-item questionnaire.      Results: The respondents displayed a fair knowledge of pharmacy (mean score of 9.8 out of 20), with significant differences in awareness observed between males and females (p=0.026), students from private and public schools (p<0.001), and those from schools located in urban and rural areas (p<0.001).   Conclusion: The students had a fair knowledge of pharmacy careers and pharmacists' roles and characteristics.
PROPAGANDA TECHNIQUES IN FAKE NEWS PUBLISHED BY SERBIAN MAINSTREAM MEDIA
Authors: Aleksić Dušan , Stamenković Ivana
Published: December 2021

Observing propaganda as an essential part of the mass-communication process, its techniques and characteristics are changing constantly, both verbally and visually, adapting to the new trends. As Philip Taylor noted, propaganda is ‘a deliberate attempt to persuade people to think and behave in a desired way’ which is based on ‘the conscious, methodical and planned decisions to employ techniques of persuasion designed to achieve specific goals that are intended to benefit those organizing the process’ (Taylor, 2013: 6). If we accept a definition of fake news offered by the Cambridge Dictionary which states that those are ‘false stories that appear to be news, spread on the internet or using other media, usually created to influence political views or as a joke’, then the relation between the two terms becomes more prominent, especially in the modern age. In that context, the goal of this paper is to examine which propaganda aspects are dominant and in what way they are implemented into contemporary fake news, published in Serbian mainstream media. The theoretical framework will be based on findings of contemporary research in the domain of propaganda communication. Through the qualitative analysis approach the authors will conduct the research focusing on detecting and analyzing propaganda techniques used in confirmed fake news articles in Serbian mainstream media which were discovered and deconstructed by reliable and certified fact checkers (Raskrinkavanje and Fake news tragač). The unit of the analysis will be a deconstructed text which is labeled as fake news.
Evaluación del estudiante universitario hacia el desarrollo de iniciativas de enseñanza-aprendizaje mediadas por TIC
Authors: Pegalajar Palomino Mª del Carmen
Published: December 2021

Esta investigación se centra en la valoración del estudiante para el desarrollo de iniciativas de enseñanza-aprendizaje mediadas por TIC. Basados en un diseño de método mixto, se parte de una metodología cuantitativa centrada en el estudio descriptivo sobre las actitudes, conocimiento y uso académico de las TIC en estudiantes del Grado de Educación Infantil de la Universidad de Jaén. La experiencia de aprendizaje se centra en el diseño, elaboración y publicación de un minivídeo como instrumento para la exposición de una de las actividades prácticas planteadas en la asignatura “Didáctica General en Educación Infantil”. Para el estudio cualitativo, se propone la realización de grupos de discusión entre miembros de los distintos grupos de trabajo. El análisis de la narrativa en los grupos de discusión ha permitido comprobar cómo la realización de minivídeos refuerza el concepto de trabajo en grupo, la adquisición de estrategias para la organización y preparación de la exposición oral, así como para el uso de las TIC, a la vez que favorece el aprendizaje y asimilación de los contenidos. No obstante, los estudiantes implicados critican carencias el desarrollo de sus habilidades comunicativas o tecnológicas, estableciendo la práctica de actividades formativas como propuestas de mejora.
Metodologías participativas con un enfoque intercultural e intergeneracional. Una experiencia educativa en la ciudad
Authors: Gallardo-López José Alberto , Muñoz Villaraviz David
Published: December 2021

Esta investigación recoge una experiencia docente en el marco de un proyecto de innovación educativa de la Junta de Andalucía, cuyo eje vertebrador es una Muestra Anual de Comunicación (MuAC) que, tras tres ediciones, se ha consolidado como un espacio de encuentro entre educadores y alumnado de todas las edades, diferentes culturas y realidades socioeducativas. El objetivo principal es convertir al estudiante en el protagonista de su aprendizaje, en contextos intergeneracionales e interculturales, además de mostrar y compartir buenas prácticas educativas en espacios emblemáticos de la ciudad. De esta forma, las personas implicadas intercambian experiencias docentes a través de metodologías participativas que garantizan un aprendizaje significativo y permiten visibilizar las múltiples tareas educativas innovadoras que se llevan a cabo en los centros educativos. El estudio realizado analiza, desde una metodología cuantitativa, la información recogida en las tres ediciones de la MuAC y establece una comparación, en la que se refleja el número de participantes por año de edición, niveles educativos, centros docentes participantes, el conjunto de talleres y actividades socioeducativas realizadas y el grado de satisfacción de la experiencia. Tras el análisis, deducimos que la experiencia fue altamente satisfactoria, llegando a participar en la edición de 2018 más de 1000 estudiantes y 87 docentes, pertenecientes a 12 colegios, 9 institutos de educación secundaria, 1 universidad y 12 organizaciones socioeducativas. Este tipo de actividades mejoran las relaciones sociales, promueven los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje desde un enfoque intercultural e intergeneracional y amplían el concepto de vecindad entre la ciudadanía que participa.
Technostress, Work Performance, Job Satisfaction, and Career Commitment of Teachers amid COVID-19 Crisis in the Philippines
Authors: Cahapay Michael B. , Bangoc II Nathaniel F.
Published: December 2021

The perception of technostress in education constantly increasing to unprecedented levels is not new. However, in novel situations like the global COVID-19 crisis, technostress and its influence on important teaching facets deserve a revisit. This paper focuses on the association of technostress on the sample characteristics and organizational performance variables of the teachers in the context of emergency distance education brought by the COVID-19 crisis. Following a mainly correlational research design, 2,272 teachers from Mindanao, Philippines were taken as a sample. The data collected through adapted instruments were treated using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that the teachers experience moderate level of technostress, very high levels of work performance and job satisfaction, and high level of career commitment. It was further revealed that technostress and its four sets significantly differed across age, gender, marital status, and teaching experience. Lastly, it was found out that technostress has a significant negative relationship with work performance. The practical implications of these outcomes on the professional development of the teachers in the context of emergency distance education are discussed at the end of the study.
Sequía, agua y cambio climático. Percepción social, opinión pública y valoración de medidas de gestión
Authors: Paneque Pilar , Lafuente Regina , Vargas Jesús , Pérez Ruth
Published: December 2021

Este informe es resultado del análisis de las respuestas a un cuestionario online realizado durante los meses comprendidos entre mayo y septiembre de 2021 por parte del Observatorio Ciudadano de la Sequía. El objetivo de este análisis es avanzar en el conocimiento de la percepción social y la opinión pública sobre el cambio climático y el riesgo de sequía, los usos del agua y el grado de confianza institucional, así como las preferencias de la ciudadanía por distintas medidas de gestión del agua y de la sequia.
Сравнительная оценка экспериментальных и расчётных значений разрушающих напряжений при испытаниях с линейно возрастающей нагрузкой
Authors: Konoplev A.V. , Shumilo А.N. , Rozhko Е.К. , Halevskyi V.V. , Kononova O.N.
Published: December 2021

В статье проведена сравнительная оценка экспериментальных и расчётных значений разрушающих напряжений при линейно возрастающей скорости увеличения нагрузки. Для этого были использованы корреляционные зависимости между пределом выносливости и параметрами наклонного участка кривой усталости, выраженной степенным уравнением и уравнением Вейбулла. Показано, что минимальное расхождение между экспериментальными и расчётными значениями разрушающих напряжений имеет место в случае использования корреляционных зависимостей между параметрами уравнения Вейбулла. Полученные результаты дают возможность расчётным путем прогнозировать систематическую погрешность ускоренных методов определения усталостной прочности объектов, в которых используется принцип плавного нагружения при линейно возрастающей нагрузке
Застосування стохастичних мереж у проєктах цифровізації державного сектору
Authors: Bushuyev S.D. , Bushuyeva V.B. , Zasukha I.P.
Published: December 2021

Мережевий аналіз широко застосовується для планування і управління проектами. PERT і CPM, найбільш відомі методи мережевого моделювання, застосовувалися в різних проєктах для цілей планування і управління. Однак можливості PERT і CPM обмежені, що забороняє моделювання багатьох складних мережевих форм проєкту. Більш гнучким універсальним мережевим інструментом, якому останнім часом приділяється підвищена увага, є GERT (Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique), GERT включає такі функції, як імовірнісне розгалуження (стохастичні моделі), сітьова петля (петлі зворотного зв'язку), кілька вузлів − приймачі (множинні результати) і реалізація декількох вузлів (повторювані події), які недоступні в PERT / CPM. Ці функції GERT надають користувачеві можливість моделювати і аналізувати проекти   і системи самого загального виду. Оскільки багато системних проблем реального світу дійсно пов'язані з імовірними подіями, помилковими запусками, повторенням дій і множинними результатами, GERT є ідеальним інструментом для моделювання і аналізу. Мета даної статті − описати методику моделювання мережі GERT і пакет імітаційного моделювання, а також продемонструвати його можливості на прикладі планування проєкту формалізованої моделі «КОНСТРУКТИВНИЙ РОЗВИТОК    ПРОДУКТУ Х», як результат науково-дослідної роботи. В цей огляд GERT буде включено обговорення використання вихідних даних GERT для управлінського планування і контролю, включаючи аналіз чутливості і реалізацію.
Механізми проектно-орієнтованого управління закладами вищої освіти в рамках інноваційних програм
Authors: Piterska Varvara
Published: December 2021

Актуальність дослідження обумовлена сучасним несприятливим інноваційним кліматом в державі, який сформований  в умовах не працюючого державного регулювання інноваційної сфери, стрімкого занепаду української науки, її фактичної відірваності від підприємництва. У такій ситуації   виникає нагальна необхідність розробки нових теоретичних і методологічних підходів та механізмів на основі передового досвіду розвинутих країн, які б дозволили підвищити ефективність взаємодії учасників інноваційної діяльності, а саме закладів вищої освіти, що займають найбільшу частку в сфері проведення наукової діяльності у державі. Було встановлено, що за останні десяти-річчя українська наука зазнала значних змін. Колись одна з провідних країн світу з чисельними школами, традиціями, матеріально-технічними базами, Україна перетворилась на державу, в якій всі спроби на підвищення ефективності інноваційної діяльності закінчуються занепадом. Вказано, що несприятлива ситуація у науковій та інноваційній сфері набуває катастрофічного характеру, що може викликати несприятливі тенденції у забезпеченні технологічної та економічною безпеки України. Було запропоновано вирішення зазначеної проблеми із залученням провідних експертів та владних структур всіх рівнів. Без кардинального використання у системі управління науковою діяльністю закладів вищої освіти методології проектного менеджменту досягти результатів в сфері наукових досліджень та їх впровадження у виробництво неможливо.
Аналіз флоту річкових круїзних пасажирських суден Китаю
Authors: Egorov A.
Published: December 2021

Виконано дослідження флоту китайських річкових круїзних пасажирських суден (РКПС), визначені основні круїзні компанії: «Century Cruises», «Changjiang Cruises», «China Goddess Cruises», «President Cruises», «Victoria Cruises», «Yangtze Gold Cruises», «Sanctuary Yangzi Explorer».
На січень 2021 року в експлуатації на річці Янцзи знаходяться 29 РКПС міжнародного рівня. Ще 6 РКПС добудовуються і будуть здані в 2021-2023 роках. Середній вік працюючих РКПС 12,1 рік. Сумарна пасажиромісткість 10889 чоловік, з урахуванням суден, які будуть здані в експлуатацію найближчим часом, 14739 чоловік. Середня завантаженість РКПС в 2017 році склала 75-82%.
Нові судна для «в’їзних» туристів проектуються і будуються з зірковістю 5+*. Враховуються особливості китайського регіону: східні майстер-класи, курси каліграфії, тайцзи і традиційної китайської медицини, окремі віп ресторани і лаунж-зони, кімнати для гри в маджонг, китайське караоке KTV, лекції про історію та культуру КНР, китайські елементи в інтер'єрах. Площа стандартних кают варіюється від 15 до 31 м2 (на єдиному ультра-люксовому китайському РКПС «Yangtze Explorer»), кают класу «Люкс» – від 22 до 176 м2. Всі каюти, за винятком внутрішніх, з балконами.
Приділяється особлива увага комфортабельності на борту і екологічності суден: з метою зменшення шуму і вібрації нові РКПС будуються з гвинто-рульовими колонками на електрорусі, встановлюються системи очищення стічних вод, відходи перероблюються прямо на борту.
Mezopotamya’da Nehir Yargılamasının Uygulanmasına İlişkin Bazı Değerlendirmeler
Authors: ARSLAN Yavuz
Published: December 2021

Mezopotamya coğrafyasında yasalarca belirlenen çeşitli suçlara o coğrafyada yaşamış uygarlıklar farklı cezalar uygulamıştır. Fakat Mezopotamya coğrafyasındaki uygarlıkların geneli benzer bazı suçlarda suçlunun ortaya çıkmasını sağlamak amacıyla Nehir Yargılamasına başvurmuşlardır. Bu yargılamaya başvuran Mezopotamya toplumları yargılamadan çıkan sonuca bağlı olarak farklı cezalandırmalarda bulunmuşlardır. Örneğin Ur-Nammu yasasında büyücülük ile itham edilen biri nehre götürülür ve yargılanırdı. Yargılama esnasında suçlanan kişinin nehirden boğulmadan çıkması halinde onu suçlayan kişi üç şekel gümüş öderdi. Hammurabi yasasında da bu uygulamaya başvurulmuştur fakat bu yasada Ur-Nammu yasasındaki kadar iyi niyetli davranılmamıştır. Hammurabi yasasına göre birini büyücülükle suçlayan kişi ve suçlu görülen nehir yargılamasına beraber giderlerdi. Eğer suçlu görülen kişi yargılamadan sağ çıkarsa suçlayan kişi öldürülür ve mal varlığı suçladığı kişiye kalırdı. Nehir yargılaması Mezopotamya’da Eski, Orta ve Yeni Asur dönemlerinde de uygulanan bir sistemdi. Bu sistemdeki amaç nehir yargılamasını gerektirecek bir suçtan dolayı suçlanan kişinin masum veya suçlu olduğunun ortaya çıkarılmasıydı. Bu çalışmada özellikle Hammurabi (Eski Babil) yasasında yargılamayı gerekli kılan ikinci maddeden hareketle yargılamanın nasıl uygulandığını ve Mezopotamya’da Nehir Yargılamasının yapıldığı iki kentten örnek verilecektir. Ayrıca yine Hammurabi yasasında bazı maddelerde, zina olayında olduğu gibi, birinin zina ederken yakalanması sonucunda nehre doğrudan idam edilmek üzere atılması bu çalışmada ele alınacaktır.