bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMPACT OF EU CLIMATE AND AGRICULTURAL POLICIES: SUSTAINABILITY, FOOD SECURITY, AND GLOBAL SHIFTS
Authors:   Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Osijek, Croatia, Gantner Vesna , Zmaic Krunoslav ,   Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Osijek, Croatia, Solić Dragan ,   Croatian Agency for Agriculture and Food, Osijek, Croatia, Ćosić Milivoje ,   Bijeljina University, Faculty of Agriculture, Bijeljina, Bosnia and Hercegovina, Steiner Zvonimir ,   Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Osijek, Croatia, Kuterovac Krešimir ,   Agroporc d.o.o., Petrinja, Croatia
Published: February 2025

The European Union’s agricultural sector is undergoing transformative changes driven by sustainability policies and climate objectives. While these measures position the EU as a global leader in environmental stewardship, they also expose the sector to significant vulnerabilities. Declining production, coupled with increased reliance on imports from regions with less stringent environmental standards, risks undermining EU environmental goals and competitiveness. These dynamics pose critical challenges to the resilience of EU food systems and rural economies.
ANTIBIOTIC USE IN DAIRY FARMING: IMPLICATIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND RESISTANCE MITIGATION
Authors:   Hrvatske šume d.o.o., Zagreb, Croatia, Ljubojević Boris , Steiner Zvonimir ,   Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Osijek, Croatia, Gantner Vesna ,   Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Osijek, Croatia
Published: February 2025

Antibiotics are essential in dairy farming but contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and environmental contamination. This review explores antibiotic use practices, impacts on AMR and ecosystems, and strategies such as selective dry cow therapy (SDCT), non-antibiotic alternatives, and improved management. Emphasizing the „One Health“ approach, it highlights sustainable pathways to reduce antibiotic dependency while safeguarding animal health, productivity, and the environment.
PREDICTORS OF ATTITUDES TOWARD THE PURCHASE AND INTENTIONS TO PURCHASE ORGANIC MILK
Authors:   University of Bijeljina, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Ćosić Milivoje , Ivetić Aleksandra ,   Institute for the Application of Science in Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia, Ivanović Miroljub ,   Serbian Academy of Innovation Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
Published: February 2025

Even though the consumption of organic milk in the world is significantly increasing, the behavior of consumers of organic milk in the Serbian population has not yet been examined. This cross-sectional study aimed to define the variables that contribute to the attitude towards organic milk and those that explain the variance of the intention to purchase organic milk. Statistically significant impact on the attitude towards the purchase of organic milk was shown by the predictors: a) the belief in organic milk, b) the dietary lifestyle of the respondents, c) the level of trust in the domestic eco symbol/trademark as well as in the symbol of the European Union, d) real knowledge, and e) the gender of the respondents. Significant and positive contributions to the intention to purchase organic milk were observed in independent variables: tendentious belief in organic milk, real knowledge, and attitude towards the purchase of organic milk. The findings of multiple regression analysis and analysis of variance (univariate ANOVA) provide implications for marketing and management practice, especially for the construction of communication-political strategy.
RAISING AWARENESS OF CLIMATE CHANGE: NLP APPROACH TO STRENGTHENING RESILIENCE IN AGRICULTURE
Authors:   Business Psychology and Human Resources, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Tufo Adisa
Published: February 2025

Climate change poses a global challenge, significantly impacting the sustainability of agriculture, particularly in rural communities. This paper examines how Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) techniques can raise awareness of climate change and empower farmers to adapt their values and practices to emerging circumstances. Techniques such as reframing, values hierarchy, and visualization are analyzed for their potential to strengthen community resilience and encourage sustainable practices. A hypothetical scenario illustrates how NLP could transform perceptions and facilitate the adoption of innovative agricultural methods. Emphasis is placed on the interdisciplinary nature of NLP, integrating technical and psychological approaches to foster sustainability. This paper contributes to the understanding of innovative strategies for sustainable agricultural development and highlights NLP’s role as a valuable tool in addressing climate challenges.
WOMEN IN AGRICULTURE
Authors:   University Bijeljina, B&H, Vujičić Slađana ,   Faculty of Business, Economics and Entrepreneurship, Belgrade, Serbia, Jandrić Mersida ,   University Bijeljina, Faculty of Agriculture, B&H
Published: February 2025

Today, the role of women in agriculture is crucial for the development of rural communities and the sustainability of agricultural systems. The fact remains that in many parts of the world, women are often overlooked in the agricultural sector; however, their work in this field has a profound impact on food production, biodiversity preservation, and natural resource management. This paper explores the role of women in agriculture by identifying the key challenges they face and analyzing their contribution to the modern agricultural sector. The goal of this research is to examine the position of women in agriculture, with a focus on the challenges they encounter and the opportunities to enhance women’s participation in agricultural activities. The research was conducted through a survey involving 80 women farmers with varying levels of education, age groups, and work experiences. Analysis of the responses showed that most participants highlighted financial barriers and lack of education as key factors limiting their success in agricultural development.
DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION AND AGROBUSSINES IN CLIMATE CHANGE CONDITIONS IN SERBIA AND NEIGHBOR REGION
Authors:   MV Konstrukt d.o.o., Nova Pazova, Serbia, Vidaković Slađana , Ivanović Tatjana ,   University of Pristina temporary settled in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Agriculture,  Lešak, Kosovo and Metohia, Serbia, Radosavac Adriana ,   University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Faculty of Applied Management, Economics and Finance in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Published: February 2025

Agribusiness in Serbia, the region, and Southeastern Europe faces significant challenges due to climate change and shifting market conditions. The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of climate change on agricultural production and the supply/demand of agricultural products at the regional and European levels, as well as to explore strategies for agribusiness adaptation to new market and climate conditions. The materials and methods include an analysis of market data, climate trends, and relevant agricultural policies. The main findings indicate that agribusiness must adopt sustainable practices and innovations to remain competitive in changing conditions. The conclusion is that adapting to these challenges requires the integration of new technologies, improvement of agricultural methods, and cooperation with European markets to ensure the sector’s sustainable future.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMY AND POPULATION
Authors:   Tamiš Research and Development Institute, Pančevo, Serbia, Grujić Vučkovski Biljana , Stevanović Dragana ,   Tamiš Research and Development Institute, Pančevo, Serbia, Tomić Branko ,   Tamiš Research and Development Institute, Pančevo, Serbia
Published: February 2025

The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of introducing and implementing information and communication technologies (abbr. ICT) in private and professional life. More precisely, there are numerous methods for measuring the level of digitalization in society, the state, the region, etc., and this research focuses on analyzing the Digital Economy and Society Index (abbr. DESI). The observation period spans from 2017 to 2022 for the European Union (abbr. EU) and 2022 for the Western Balkans and Serbia. Additionally, the study examines the presence and use of broadband internet connections among individuals, households, and businesses in Serbia from 2015 to 2024. The results indicate that EU countries are significantly ahead of Western Balkan countries in terms of digital societal transformation. Data on the level of digitalization is published by the European Commission, while information for the Western Balkans is available in reports from the Regional Cooperation Council (abbr. RCC). Furthermore, data from the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia (abbr. SORS) was also utilized.
Obeležavanje jubileja Muzikološkog instituta Srpske akademije nauka i umetnosti
Authors:   Institute of Musicology SASA,Serbia, Marinković Miloš
Published: February 2025

U istoriji Muzikološkog instituta SANU, dugoj preko 75 godina, do sada su obeležena tri jubileja – povodom dvadeset pete, (1973), šezdesete (2008) i sedamdesete godišnjice rada (2018). Sadržaji tih proslava bili su usklađeni s određenim modusima obeležavanja jubileja, ali su i pokazali specifičnosti svojstvene praksama nauč-nih institucija, u ovom slučaju, onih posvećenih proučavanju muzike. U okviru ovih događaja upriličene su Svečane akademije, realizovan je koncertni program, uključujući i druge sadržaje (izložbe, cikluse predavanja, projekcije dokumentarnih filmova…). Proslave jubileja percipirane su i organizovane od strane saradnika kao značajne smotre promocije i afirmacije najpre samog Instituta, muzikološke i etnomuzikološke nauke, te srpske muzike i kulture u celini, a njihove organizacione strategije bile su uslovljene kapacitetima Instituta u datom trenutku, finansijskim mogućnostima, agilnošću i angažovanošću rukovodilaca, kadrovskom raspoloživošću, te raz-vojem tehnologije i novih medija. Odražavajući spremnost i nastojanje naučnih radnika da izađu iz strogih akademskih okvira i predstave rezultate svoga rada na jedan drukčiji, za širu publiku atraktivniji i prijemčiviji način, obeležavanje ovih jubileja predstavlja tek fragmente iz bogate istorije negovanja primenjene muzikologije i etnomuzikologije u Muzikološkom institutu SANU, koje je projektom APPMES dobilo i formalno priznanje.
APPROACHING EFL LEARNERS’ STANCETAKING TENDENCIES FROM THE PHONETIC AND COGNITIVE SEMANTIC PERSPECTIVE: A PRELIMINARY STUDY
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology and Arts, Serbia, Janevska Marija N. , Janevska Tamara N. ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology and Arts, Serbia
Published: February 2025

The study proposes an interdisciplinary approach to EFL stancetaking by joining the fields of phonetics and cognitive semantics. The analysis is conducted on speech data realized by ten third-year English-major students, who were asked to offer their views on censorship. The first goal was to ascertain how the attitudinal assessments are expressed through certain linguistic expressions. In order to do so, the speech data were transcribed and annotated for stance polarity according to the principles underlying both Appraisal Theory (Martin,White 2005) and Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Lakoff, Johnson 2003 [1980]). This resulted in a list of metaphorical linguistic expressions with positive or negative evaluation which provided a basis for the subsequent phonetic analysis. Namely, tests were carried out to determine whether or not there were notable differences in the way stance polarity (positive/negative) is signaled acoustically (on the basis of the extracted measures of fundamental frequency and intensity). It was observed that our subjects’ speech exhibited a low degree of metaphoricity, since they predominantly opted for literal or non-metaphorical language when discussing the topic. Linguistic expressions with positive evaluation were generally less frequent, while negative assessment predominated in the transcripts. The comparison of the prosodic properties of these two stance categories revealed that, in our subjects’ speech, negative stance tends to be signaled by an increase in both pitch and loudness, yet the differences between the two groups did not prove to be statistically significant. We hope that the interdisciplinary discussion presented here can facilitate further investigation of the topic on a larger scale.
PROCEDURES IN TRANSLATING CULTURE-RELATED ELEMENTS IN TOURISM DISCOURSE
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Serbia, Glođović Anica V.
Published: February 2025

This paper applies descriptive methods for yielding results on (the frequency of) translation procedures employed in translating tourism-oriented websites from Serbian into English. Since the tourism industry forcefully encourages culture-mediated communication, the aim of this paper was to perform an analysis of translation strategies applied to cope with specific cultural concepts detected on the Internet websites of official tourist organizations of three major cities in Serbia. The analytic framework was grounded in a critical approach to concrete examples and translators’ suggestions. The research stages included data collection, classification, and analysis and the preferred translation procedures were noted down. The paper also tried to decide to what extent the need for linguistic accuracy was replaced by a requirement for cultural sensitivity since not only do cultural implications for translation include lexical content and syntax, but they also comprise ideologies, history and ways of life in a given culture. By providing the projection of dominant procedures used in translating culture-specific items in tourism discourse, this linguistic perspective hopes to offer both the deeper insight into lexical system of the two languages and the guidelines to translators when solving such challenges during translation process.
POVEZANOST ORALNE PRAKSIJE I ARTIKULACIJE KOD DECE PREDŠKOLSKOG UZRASTA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Jagodina, Serbia, Spasić Jelena Lj. , Milošević Dedakin Neda R. ,   Academy of Human Development in Belgrade, Department of Speech Therapy, Čabarkapa Nataša D. ,   Speech therapy and educational center “Čabarkapa”, Belgrade, Serbiaa
Published: February 2025

The development of the articulation of the sounds of the mother tongue
is a process that begins at birth and ends around the age of eight. The aim of this paper
is to investigate the relationship between oral praxis and articulation in children and to
understand the relationship between these two variables. The sample consisted of 283
children aged 4 to 7 without neurological lesions, sensory and physical impairments. The
subjects were divided into two groups: children with articulation disorder (experimental)
and children with normal development of speech and language abilities (control). The
subjects were tested with the Global Articulation Test (Kostić, Vladisavljević 1983) and
the Oral Praxis Test (Radičević, Stevanković 1992). The research results showed that the
level of development of oral practice significantly correlates with the level of development
of articulation.
EXPLORING CHILD-RELATED FACTORS OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATORS’ BELIEFS AND PERSPECTIVES ON INCLUSION
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Jagodina, Serbia, Dimitrijević Bojana M. , Starčević Jelena S. ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Jagodina, Serbia
Published: February 2025

This paper explores beliefs of preschool educators regarding the inclusion of children with developmental difficulties in public preschools in Serbia. The main objective is to examine whether child-related characteristics (i.e., the developmental domains in which children experience difficulties or delays) influence preschool staff’s evaluations of their teaching experience, competence, perceptions of available expert support, views on the benefits of inclusion for children with specific difficulties, and opposition to placing these children in regular preschool settings. The sample consisted of 201 preschool educators. A series of one-way repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted, followed by pairwise comparisons. The results indicate that children with cognitive/intellectual difficulties or delays could be in the least favorable position compared to children with difficulties and delays in six other developmental domains (speech and language development, fine motor skills, gross motor skills, sensory development and perception, emotional, and social development), with children experiencing sensory difficulties that also could face significant challenges. The implications of these findings are discussed.
INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGY IN YOUNG LEARNERS’ ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS: FREQUENCY, TYPES, AND ATTITUDES
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Jagodina, Serbia, Ćirković-Miladinović Ivana R.
Published: February 2025

Integrating technology into teaching is not only modern but has also become indispensable part of daily school life. The aim of this paper is to reflect on the current situation in terms of types of digital resources used in YL classroom by English teachers, on one side, and on other side to find out young learners’ attitudes and frequency of using educational technology for English language learning. For the purpose of this research two questionnaires were used: a questionnaire for young learners focusing on the frequency and attitudes towards technology use, and another for teachers examining their preferences of digital resources in three categories – websites, applications and digital tools. A quantitative method was used to analyze the data. The results showed a positive trend towards technology integration in classes for both groups. However, although teachers reported usage of various digital resources, they indicated lacking sufficient didactical and technological knowledge to efficiently adapt and implement web material in order to improve the teaching practice. The study also indicated that young learners reported positive attitudes toward technology-mediated tasks and their frequent usage.
METODIČKA ARTIKULACIJA IMAGINACIJE U NASTAVI NEUMETNIČKIH PREDMETA – TEORIJSKA ANALIZA I PRIMER UDŽBENIKA IZ HEMIJE
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philosophy, Serbia, Milanković Aleksandar M.
Published: February 2025

How can imagination, as an original creative ability, be preserved and
developed through every level of education, according to the properties of each school
subject? The theoretical context of the research is based on philosophical and pedagogical
standpoints on imagination, and especially on the position of the founder of sociocultural
constructivism, Vygotsky, according to whom imagination lies at the basis of all aspects of
cultural life, and therefore the entire world of human culture (art, science, technology), in
contrast to the world of nature, is the result of the action of imagination and the creativity
that arises from it. It is known that modern researchers examine the connections between
imagination, curriculum, teaching and learning. Also, it is widely affirmed that the quality
of education is determined by the degree of manifestation of imagination. The goal of the
paper is to explore the modalities of transfer and didactical operationalization of imagina-
tion in non-artistic (natural, social, technical) school subjects, a transfer defined as com-
plex. First, in theoretical analysis, conceptual definitions of imagination were examined,
then educational concepts of preschool education, key competencies of cultural awareness
and expression and aesthetic cross-curricular competencies, together with an analysis of
their curricular conceptualization. Further analysis deals with the theoretical propositions about the specific scientific and epistemic value of imagination and its application in the
development of scientific knowledge. A sample of chemistry textbooks and manuals is
examined, in order to investigate the possibility of didactical use of imaginative activities
in teaching and learning chemistry. According to the results, the transfer and application
of imagination in the teaching and learning of non-art subjects enable, but also require, the
inventive application of various methodical resources and solutions, as well as intensive
cross-curricular connections, according to the special properties and curriculum of every
school subject.
KNJIŽEVNOST U UDŽBENICIMA ENGLESKOG JEZIKA ZA SREDNJU ŠKOLU: KVANTITATIVNA ANALIZA
Authors:   Alfa BK,  University Faculty of Foreign Languages, Serbia, Panajotović Artea D. , Jevrić Tamara M. ,   University of Priština, temporary settled in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Philosophy
Published: February 2025

Literature has recently become more prominently present in ESL studies,
and most published research studies have focused on optional elements of ESL courses. In
the belief that the examination of compulsory elements in ESL courses could contribute
to a more objective assessment of the importance and role of literature in contemporary
ESL teaching, we have conducted a quantitative analysis of the amount and structure of
literary materials in English textbooks approved for use in Serbian secondary schools. The
research started from the assumption, based on Henry Widdowson’s observations, that lit-
erature is only marginally present in ESL textbooks and that the focus of literary materials
found in them is predominantly utilitarian.
The analysis of literary contents in secondary-school ESL textbooks was conducted
with two primary aims in mind. The first aim was to shed light on literature as an obligatory
but often neglected aspect of the curriculum and thus provide additional information which
could aid teachers and decision-makers in their choice of textbooks. Significant attention
was therefore devoted not only to the quantity of literary materials in individual textbooks
and textbook series, but also to types of literary texts, balance in the amount of different
types of texts, and the number and structure of accompanying exercises. These character-
istics were expressed both as percentage shares and as absolute values and ranked based
on their perceived positive characteristics. The analysis has shown that two textbook series
stand out from the point of view of diversity and amount of literary contents – Headway –
5th Edition and Solutions, with Gateway and Improving English close behind.
The second, theoretical aim of our analysis was to indirectly shed light on the role
of literature in the current interpretation of the communicative approach in foreign lan-
guage teaching. This aspect of research was based on the assumption of the correctness of Widdowson’s claim that the communicative approach has adopted a utilitarian definition of
communication in which literature does not play a prominent role. Aspects of the analysis
pertaining to this aim support the proposed hypothesis. With an average percentage share
of 2.20% in the corpus and a median of 1.98%, literature cannot be considered as having
an important role in TESL. This is further confirmed by the prevalence of prose and un-
derrepresentation of poetry and drama, as well as a marked discrepancy in the amount of
referential and representational materials in the corpus.
A Comparative Analysis of the Motif of Flânerie in William Blake’s London and Mary Robinson’s January, 1795
Authors: Fathi Pishosta Hossein , Maleki  Hasan Abad Elahe
Published: February 2025

This research presents a comparative analysis of the motif of flânerie in William Blake’s “London” and Mary Robinson’s “January 1795”. Both of these romantic poets assume the persona of a wanderer in their poetic exploration of the city of London in the late eighteenth-century England. Moreover, they express their empathy with the marginalized individuals. However, there are shades of a Juvenalian satire in Blake’s diatribe against the shortcomings of his society. The poet expresses his righteous anger against the miserable condition of various individuals, including chimney-sweepers, hapless soldiers, and harlots. Similarly, Robinson records a period of significant social, cultural, and political upheaval in “January, 1795”. In particular, the writer highlights the social, cultural, and economic divide between the privileged and the unprivileged social classes. However, she adopts a more light-hearted attitude in referring to various forms of social injustice in the city. In this respect, she pairs an amusing tone with her critique of the city’s shortcomings; therefore, her voice has close affinities with that of a Horatian satirist. Blake’s vision of London is more penetrative while that of Robinson is more panoramic.
Book Review: Lost Kingdom: Animal Death in the Anthropocene
Authors: Akıllı Sinan
Published: February 2025

...
Book Review: The Activist Humanist: Form and Method in the Climate Crisis
Authors: Ayala-Patlán Andrés
Published: February 2025

...
Ask
Authors: Reda Sheri
Published: February 2025

...
Grief Ecologies
Authors: sun prOphecy
Published: February 2025

...
Holding On and Letting Go: Material, Grief, and Care
Authors: Eaton Alexandrya
Published: February 2025

...
Customer’s Web Rooming Behavior in Consumer Electronics Industry of Bangladesh: Determining Purchase Offline Factors
Authors: Rahman Mohammed Abdur , Alam Dr. Zahurul , Afzal Dr. Mohammad Khaled
Published: February 2025

This research investigates into the factors influencing web rooming behaviors leading to offline purchases within the consumer electronics industry of Bangladesh, with a specific focus on large home appliances. The study extends across the Dhaka, Chattogram, and Rajshahi divisions, involving a sample size of 400 participants. Using a comprehensive set of factors comprising 8 independent variables, it examines one (Purchase Offline) of two critical aspects of web rooming: 'Search Online' and 'Purchase Offline.' Employing techniques such as Cronbach’s alpha reliability analysis, correlation, and regression analysis, the study unveils positive impacts of these factors on web rooming behaviors. The outcomes revealed that eight factors of web rooming is positively correlated to ‘Purchase Offline’ [Complex Buying Behavior (r = 0.511, p < 0.001), Sensory Experience (r = 0.528, p < 0.001), Instant Gratification (r = 0.411, p < 0.001), Personalized Assistance (r = 0.399, p < 0.001), Social Experience (r = 0.313, p < 0.001), Avoiding Online Hassles (r = 0.365, p < 0.001), Difficulty in Re-solving Issues (r = 0.425, p < 0.001), and Trustworthiness of Sellers (r = 0.466, p < 0.001)]. All hypotheses are accepted. The research concludes by delineating its limitations, suggesting directions for future investigation, and offering recommendations.
Beneficiaries of The Fisheries Sector on The Pmmsy Scheme in Ramanathapuram District
Authors: Sowmiya M.S. , Parimalarani Dr. G.
Published: February 2025

The fishing industry in India is integral to socioeconomic development, supporting over 28 million livelihoods and contributing significantly to food security and nutrition. As one of the top global fish producers, India's sector has multiplied, with an average annual increase of 10.88% from 2014–15 to 2018–19. Despite this, small-scale fishers face significant challenges in accessing institutional credit, essential for sustaining operations, purchasing equipment, and improving livelihoods. Government initiatives like the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) aim to address these barriers by promoting sustainable development, fostering entrepreneurship, and ensuring the welfare of fish farmers. The PMMSY, launched in 2020, is expected to transform the industry by 2025, significantly boosting fish production, enhancing food security, and creating employment opportunities. As the scheme unfolds, it is anticipated to substantially support the sector, driving economic growth and ensuring a brighter future for India's fishing communities.
EFFECT OF ANDALIMAN (Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium) NANOHERBAL EXTRACT ADMINISTRATION ON LIVER FUNCTION AND LIVER HISTOPATHOLOGY OF STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC MALE WISTAR RATS
Authors: Permata Khaira Azzuhra , Ginting Chrismis Novalinda , Chiuman Linda , Chiuman Veranyca , Sihombing Bungaran
Published: February 2025

Abstract :  Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a systemic disease with hyperglycemia, and can cause Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Nanoherbal of andaliman has an antioxidant effect on the body. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of nanoherbal of andaliman on liver function and liver histopathology. Method: This study used an experimental method with a post-test-only control group design of 30 male wistar rats induced with streptozosin, divided into 6 groups with nano herbal of andaliman as the testing material. Results: There is no difference in the liver function (SGOT and SGPT) between the groups that are given andaliman and the ones that do not with the p values of 0,183 and 0,449 (p>0,05). There is a difference in liver histopathology between the groups with the p-value of 0,03 (p<0,05), it also shows that the groups that are given andaliman experienced liver degeneration. Conclusion: Nanoherbal of andaliman has the antioxidant effect that acts as hepatoprotection, but also includes some substances that can cause damage to the liver cells. The writer suggested adding more samples, doing the pre-test and post-test examinations, and also analyzing the effect of the steroid and terpenoid in andaliman on the liver cells.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR DOCTORS IN LEGAL DISPUTES IN HOSPITALS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS
Authors: Wijaya Deni
Published: February 2025

This research aims to analyze the form of legal protection provided to doctors in cases of legal disputes in hospitals, especially in the context of work agreements. The method used in this research is a qualitative method, which allows researchers to explore and understand the phenomena that occur in more depth. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, document studies and participant observation. The research results show that legal protection for doctors is greatly influenced by the provisions in the employment agreement between the doctor and the hospital. The conclusion of this research is the need to strengthen legal aspects in employment agreements to ensure doctors receive adequate protection in facing legal disputes.
The Disparity In Judicial Decisions Related To Fraud And Embezzlement Committed By Notaries And/Or Land Deed Officials
Authors: Zaki Mahfuz Ridha  , Amelia Srikusumadewi  , Faizin Sulistio
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Observing various criminal acts, the law is crucial in addressing criminal issues. Recently, several cases of fraud and embezzlement committed by some Notaries or Land Deed Officials have been frequently encountered. Each of these actions has resulted in different (disparate) criminal sentences due to the judges' legal reasons (Ratio Decidendi). This research uses a normative juridical methodology to align the judges' decisions with the Criminal Code. This study aims to determine the ratio determined by judges and the factors causing the disparity in the imposition of criminal sentences for fraud and embezzlement committed by notaries and/or land deed officials. Additionally, seeking justice in these decisions can create a deterrent effect for Notaries and/or Land Deed Officials who commit fraud and embezzlement.
Keywords: Ratio Decidendi; Disparity; Criminal; Notary; Land Deed Official.
Legal Protection for Substitute Notaries in Civil Court Proceedings
Authors: Obrien Kaawoan Yeremia , Aju Wisnuwardhani Dyah , Nur Widhiyanti Hanif
Published: February 2025

In carrying out their duties as Substitute Notaries, the obligation to adhere to the law is imperative as stipulated in the legislation, serving as a foundation for fulfilling their responsibilities. According to Article 65 of Law No. 2 of 2014 on the Position of Notary, it is stated that a Notary, Substitute Notary, and Temporary Notary Officer are accountable for every deed they draw up, even after the Notarial Protocol has been handed over or transferred to the custodian of the Notarial Protocol. Therefore, a Substitute Notary must be legally responsible for the deeds they prepare in judicial processes. This is because the deeds created by a Substitute Notary are authentic deeds made by an authorized official and hold evidentiary power in court. In performing their duties as Substitute Notaries in drawing up authentic deeds, there is a possibility of legal issues arising concerning the deeds they create, which may result in the Substitute Notary becoming entangled in legal problems. The Notary Honorary Council (Majelis Kehormatan Notaris) is an institution that exercises authority in providing guidance to Notaries and has the duty to grant approval for Notaries in judicial processes. The obligation to obtain approval from the Notary Honorary Council for Notaries is a form of legal protection for Notaries, as outlined in Article 66 paragraph 1 of the Notary Law. This legal protection is aimed at maintaining the dignity of the Notary profession and safeguarding the interests of the parties involved in legal acts within the deeds. The urgency in this matter lies in Article 66 paragraph 1 of the Notary Law, where the Notary Honorary Council has the authority to grant approval to Investigators, Public Prosecutors, and Judges to conduct examinations and obtain the original deed (Minuta) from the Notary, due to the Notary's obligation to keep the deeds they draw up confidential. To address this issue, a research method is necessary, and the method employed in this research is the Normative Juridical method, which refers to a scientific research method used to find the truth based on the legal logic from a normative perspective.The conclusion drawn from this research is that there is a legal vacuum concerning the regulation of Article 66 paragraph 1 with respect to Substitute Notaries in civil judicial processes.
Construction of Legal Responsibility Regulations for Notaries and Notary Employees If Notary Employees Commit Unlawful Acts
Authors: Rizgi Ahmad , Istislam  , Wisnuwardhani Dyah Aju
Published: February 2025

When examined from an empirical/sociological approach, several issues arise within the notarial profession. Notaries generally have good (close) relationships with their employees. However, it is not uncommon for notary employees to commit fraud behind the notary's desk, either directly or indirectly. On the part of the notary, it is also possible that the notary covers up various mistakes made by their employees in order to maintain credibility and other such reasons. Such unlawful acts will be dealt with both under the law and the Notary Code of Ethics. It is known that notary employees have a legal relationship with the notary based on the work performed by the notary. There is a need for legal construction from upstream to downstream concerning the legal status/relationship and legal responsibilities of both notaries and notary employees. This is aimed at ensuring that each party has a legal reference as to the extent to which legal actions can be considered violations or not. The legal vacuum in regulating the relationship between notaries and their employees when committing unlawful acts increases the possibility of legal violations.
Competitive Intelligence to Improve Business Performance of the Banking Industry in Indonesia
Authors: Pedro Prasetyo Carolus Boromeus
Published: February 2025

The banking industry faces challenges from economic and political turmoil. The emergence of various new competitors and technological developments pose threats and vulnerabilities to the banking world. The various challenges, threats and opportunities facing the banking industry today constitute a VUCA (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity and Ambiguity) situation. In facing these conditions, it is important for the banking industry to be able to have adaptive capabilities to all existing changes, vulnerabilities and threats. The strategy that can be implemented is competitive intelligence (CI). This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method in conducting analysis. This research analyzes changes, vulnerabilities and threats faced by the banking industry. This research then provides analysis and recommendations for implementing competitive intelligence (CI) strategies so that companies have adaptive capabilities and strategies in competing. The analysis was carried out based on 4 aspects of CI, including: commercial and marketing intelligence, competitor intelligence, technological intelligence, and strategic and social intelligence.
The Role Of Islamic Character Education In Preventing The Formation Of Motorcycle Gangs Among Students At Bina Taruna 1 Vocational School Medan
Authors: Misnan  , Leni Masnidar Nasution  , Hanafiah Muhammad Ali , Yuni Sari Br Surbakti  , Widya Astuti
Published: February 2025

Abstract: The formation of motorcycle gangs among students has become an alarming phenomenon in various regions, including Medan. This phenomenon can lead to criminal acts, violence, and other deviant behaviors that disrupt public order and jeopardize the students' future. Schools, as educational institutions, play a significant role in preventing the formation of motorcycle gangs among students. This research aims to identify and analyze the role schools play in preventing the formation of motorcycle gangs among students, with a case study at SMK Bina Taruna 1 Medan. The methodology used in this study is a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with teachers, school principals, and students, as well as observations of the policies and programs implemented by the school concerning the prevention of motorcycle gangs. Additionally, secondary data such as school documents and police reports were analyzed to support the research findings. The research results show that SMK Bina Taruna 1 Medan has undertaken various preventive efforts to prevent the formation of motorcycle gangs among students. These include character development programs, positive extracurricular activities, strict supervision of student behavior, and collaboration with the police and parents. The conclusion of this study is that schools have an important role in preventing the formation of motorcycle gangs through educational approaches, supervision, and partnerships with relevant stakeholders. However, more integrated and sustainable efforts are still needed to ensure more effective and long-term results.
Effect of Transfer Pricing Aggressiveness, Income Smoothing, Thin Capitalization on Tax Avoidance with Financial Constraints as a Moderating Variable
Authors: Rustandi Rustandi , Herawaty Vinola
Published: February 2025

Peningkatan penerimaan pajak di Indonesia tidak dibarengi dengan peningkatan tax ratio. Rendahnya tax ratio mengindikasikan adanya praktik penghindaran pajak di Indonesia. Beberapa praktik penghindaran pajak dapat dilakukan melalui transfer pricing, income smoothing dan thin capitalization. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh transfer pricing aggressiveness, income smoothing, dan thin capitalization terhadap tax avoidance dengan financial constraints sebagai variabel moderasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan populasi perusahaan sektor Consumer Non-Cyclicals dan Basic Material yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2017-2021. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan diperoleh 66 perusahaan sebagai sampel. Penelitian ini menganalisis bentuk data panel dengan pendekatan model fixed effect. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa agresivitas transfer pricing dan thin capitalization berpengaruh positif terhadap tax avoidance. Income smoothing tidak berpengaruh terhadap tax avoidance. Selanjutnya, financial constraints memperkuat efek positif transfer pricing aggressiveness pada tax avoidance. financial constraints memperkuat efek positif dari Thin Capitalization terhadap tax avoidance.
IMPROVING TEACHER PERFORMANCE THROUGH STRENGTHENING SCHOOL CULTURE, TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, MANAGERIAL ROLES, AND WORK MOTIVATION
Authors: Siswandi R. Dede , Notosudjono Didik , Novita Lina
Published: February 2025

Abstract : This study aims to develop strategies and methods for improving teacher performance through strengthening School Culture, Transformational Leadership, Managerial Roles, and Work Motivation, as well as identifying the influence of these variables on teacher commitment. This study was conducted in “A” accredited private elementary schools in South Tangerang for 12 months, involving 7 sub-districts. The study population included teachers of “A” accredited madrasah aliyah in Bekasi City, spread across 8 sub-districts. Using survey method and quantitative approach, as well as SITOREM analysis technique, this study analyzed primary data collected through questionnaires to measure the variables studied. The results of this study indicate that there is a highly significant positive relationship between School Culture, Transformational Leadership, Managerial Roles, and Work Motivation on Teacher Performance. Hypothesis testing with a correlational statistical model proved that each of these variables significantly influenced the improvement of teacher performance. The results of SITOREM analysis identified key indicators that need to be improved for each variable to improve teacher performance, such as Organizational values, Intellectual Stimulation, Communication in decision making, and Work rewards.
Effects of Black Garlic (Black Allium sativum) on Creatinine Levels in Tuberculosis-Infected Mice (Mus Musculus)
Authors: Hartini Supri , Andika Sukarya I Gede , Putri Wasito Anatasya
Published: February 2025

There is a high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in Indonesia, which is the second country with the highest TB cases in the world. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that can attack various organs of the body and is the main cause of death among other infectious diseases. Garlic (Allium sativum) contains the compound allicin which has high antibacterial activity, equivalent to penicillin and modern antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, so it can be used to prevent and treat various diseases including tuberculosis. This study aims to determine the benefits of black garlic (Black Allium sativum) in controlling creatinine levels in mice (Mus musculus) infected with TB, considering that black garlic is known to have various medical properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer. The research design used is Quasi-Experimental Design, namely a non-random repeat experimental design carried out with a post-test and having a control group and an experiment determined using a non-random method. The mice used were divided into several groups, including a healthy group, a group infected with tuberculosis, a group that received black garlic treatment, and a group that was given a combination of black garlic + OAT. Mice infected with TB were given black garlic, and creatinine levels were measured to determine the effectiveness of the treatment. A statistical test was carried out using the One Way Anova test on the creatinine levels of a group of tuberculous mice given black garlic. The average creatinine levels in the four treatment groups of mice were within normal limits, with the lowest value being 0.24 mg/dL and the highest value being 0.59 mg/dL. Next, a statistical test was carried out using the One Way Anova test and the results showed a P value of 0.807. This P value>0.05 indicates that the administration of black garlic does not affect creatinine levels in mice infected with tuberculosis.
Legal Construction of Land Rights as a Result of the Village Cash Land Exchange Process Conducted by the Village Government
Authors: Pratama M. Yulis , Ngesti dwi Prasetyo  , Handiyantina Shinta
Published: February 2025

The focus of this legal research is to discuss the legal construction in the process of exchanging village treasury land carried out by the village government together with the village community based on statutory regulations and several scientific references in order to support the validity of the research conducted. On the island of Java, village treasury land or what is usually known as bengkok land should be productive land so that it can provide added value and become a source of income for the village head and his apparatus, but in reality, not all village-owned land is productive land so that it makes the village government experience a decrease in production due to less productive land.  The problem also arises when the village treasury land in the form of a yard is occupied by the village community, because it has been settled for a long time, the community wants legal status to the land they occupy by buying the village treasury land through the exchange process, the sale-purchase agreement occurs between the surrounding community and the village government As a form of follow-up to the sale-purchase process that has been carried out between the village government and the community, there is a release of the status of land rights. in this case there is legal uncertainty where people who have paid off the land have not been able to get a certificate for the land they have paid for. The research method used is Normative Juridical research based on laws and regulations which are then reviewed using applicable legal theories, concepts and principles so that it is expected to know and find the facts and data needed. Then briefly the research results show that 1. The status of land rights on village treasury land is included in the status of the right of use, this refers to the definition of the right of use stipulated in Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Regulations on Agrarian Principles Article 41 which states that the right of use is the right to use and/or collect products from land directly controlled by the State or land owned by others, which gives the authority and obligations specified in the decision to grant it by the official authorized to grant it or in the agreement with the owner of the land, which is not a lease agreement or land processing agreement, everything as long as it does not conflict with the spirit and provisions of this Law.
Legal Certainty of Application for Marriage Registration of Non-Religious Couples After the Issuance of Supreme Court Circular Letter No. 2 of 2023
Authors: Muthiah Ghina Khansa , Dewi Amelia Sri Kusuma , Widhiawati Dyah
Published: February 2025

This research focuses on analyzing specifically whether the regulation of different religions after the issuance of SEMA Number 2 of 2023 has fulfilled legal certainty. Marriage is not only an agreement between two individuals, but also a form of worship recognized by society and the state. Therefore, the rules for the implementation of marriage have been regulated by the state in Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. However, it will cause problems if the marriage recorded in the civil registry is actually categorized as an invalid marriage, one of which is a marriage of different religions. In contrast to the explanation in Article 35 of the Civil Registration Law that the registration of valid marriages, including marriages between people of different religions that have been determined by the Court, is an obligation. With the disharmony between the two laws, it can affect judges in adjudicating cases of applications for registration of marriages between people of different religions and beliefs. To answer the existing problems, the author uses normative juridical research with a statutory approach method (statue approach), conceptual approach (conceptual approach). Primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials and using grammatical and systematic interpretation. The issuance of SEMA Number 2 Year 2023 is a legal instrument issued by the Supreme Court. This SEMA is expected to create a more structured and reliable judicial system. It is important to evaluate the consistency and harmony in the application of laws related to interfaith marriage after the issuance of the SEMA.