bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantum orbital angular momentum in fibers: A review
Authors: Wang Jian , Wang Qianke , Liu Jun , Lyu Dawei
Published: September 2022

The field of quantum communication is thriving as a complement to conventional telecommunication with its distinctive feature of absolute security. As the core technology for delivering quantum information, substantial advances in quantum communication have already been demonstrated on various platforms, including photonic systems. Among all of them, the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of photons with its infinite Hilbert space has attracted much attention and has been widely employed in both classical and quantum regimes. In particular, many types of fiber have been designed and fabricated to allow transmitting OAM of photons. Here, we review recent progress in transmitting OAM quantum states through different types of fiber, including few-mode fibers, multi-mode fibers, ring-core fibers, and single-mode fibers. We also discuss the challenges and prospects of quantum OAM in fibers.
Reference survey spectra of elemental solid measured with Cr Kα photons as a tool for Quases analysis (2): Transition metals period 5 elements (Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, and Ag)
Authors: Zborowski C. , Conard T. , Vanleenhove A. , Hoflijk I. , Vaesen I.
Published: September 2022

Several pure bulk materials were analyzed using laboratory-based hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The spectra are surveys measured using monochromatic Cr Kα radiation at 5414.8 eV after removal of surface contamination or oxidation. These aim to be references for inelastic background analysis using the Tougaard method.
Reference survey spectra of elemental solid measured with Cr Kα photons as a tool for Quases analysis (3): Transition metals period 6 elements (Hf, Ta, W, Re, Ir, Pt, Au)
Authors: Zborowski C. , Conard T. , Vanleenhove A. , Hoflijk I. , Vaesen I.
Published: September 2022

Several pure bulk materials were analyzed using laboratory-based hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The spectra are surveys measured using monochromatic Cr Kα radiation at 5414.8 eV after removal of surface contamination or oxidation. These aim to be references for inelastic background analysis using the Tougaard method.
Reference survey spectra of elemental solid measured with Cr Kα photons as a tool for Quases analysis (4): Group III and IV elements (B, Al, In, C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb)
Authors: Zborowski C. , Conard T. , Vanleenhove A. , Hoflijk I. , Vaesen I.
Published: September 2022

Several pure bulk materials were analyzed using laboratory-based hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The spectra are surveys measured using monochromatic Cr Kα radiation at 5414.8 eV after removal of surface contamination or oxidation. These aim to be references for inelastic background analysis using the Tougaard method.
The Women’s Sports Foundation 50 Years of Title IX: We’re Not Done Yet Executive Summary and Policy Recommendations
Authors: Staurowsky Ellen J. , Flowers Courtney L. , Buzuvis Erin , Darvin Lindsay , Welch Natalie
Published: September 2022

In 2022, the Women’s Sports Foundation published a report addressing the current status of Title IX compliance in U.S school-based sports, examining the limitations of Title IX as a single axis law that addresses gender but not other areas of intersectionality including race, gender identity, sexual orientation, and ability. What is presented here is the executive summary and policy recommendations from the report.
Differential proinflammatory activities of Spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern
Authors: Tyrkalska Sylwia D. , Martínez-López Alicia , Arroyo Ana B. , Martínez-Morcillo Francisco J. , Candel Sergio , García-Moreno Diana , Mesa-del-Castillo Pablo , Cayuela María L. , Mulero Victoriano
Published: September 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic turned the whole world upside down in a short time. One of the main challenges faced has been to understand COVID-19–associated life-threatening hyperinflammation, the so-called cytokine storm syndrome (CSS). We report here the proinflammatory role of Spike (S) proteins from different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern in zebrafish. We found that wild-type/Wuhan variant S1 (S1WT) promoted neutrophil and macrophage recruitment, local and systemic hyperinflammation, emergency myelopoiesis, and hemorrhages. In addition, S1γ was more proinflammatory while S1δ was less proinflammatory than S1WT, and, notably, S1β promoted delayed and long-lasting inflammation. Pharmacological inhibition of the canonical inflammasome alleviated S1-induced inflammation and emergency myelopoiesis. In contrast, genetic inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 strengthened the proinflammatory activity of S1, and angiotensin (1-7) fully rescued S1-induced hyperinflammation and hemorrhages. These results shed light into the mechanisms orchestrating the COVID-19–associated CSS and the host immune response to different SARS-CoV-2 S protein variants.
High-pressure synthesis and storage of solid organic compounds in active subduction zones
Authors: Debret Baptiste , Ménez Bénédicte , Walter Bastien , Bouquerel Hélène , Bouilhol Pierre , Mattielli Nadine , Pisapia Céline , Rigaudier Thomas , Williams Helen Myfanwy
Published: September 2022

Recent thermodynamic and experimental studies have suggested that volatile organic compounds (e.g., methane, formate, and acetate) can be produced and stabilized in subduction zones, potentially playing an important role in the deep carbon cycle. However, field evidence for the high-pressure production and storage of solid organic compounds is missing. Here, we examine forearc serpentinite clasts recovered by drilling mud volcanoes above the Mariana subduction zone. Notable correlations between carbon and iron stable-isotope signatures and fluid-mobile element (B, As and Sb) concentrations provide evidence for the percolation of slab-derived CO
2
-rich aqueous fluids through the forearc mantle. The presence of carbonaceous matter rich in aliphatic moieties within high-temperature clasts (>350°C) demonstrates that molecular hydrogen production associated with forearc serpentinization is an efficient mechanism for the reduction and conversion of slab-derived CO
2
-rich fluids into solid organic compounds. These findings emphasize the need to consider the forearc mantle as an important reservoir of organic carbon on Earth.
Petrogenesis of arsenic and platinum-group minerals from a partially serpentinized dunite in East Dover, Vermont, USA
Authors: Brigham John M. , Baldwin Suzanne L.
Published: September 2022

In the Appalachian Mountains of Vermont, USA, variably serpentinized ultramafic rocks mark the Ordovician Taconic orogenic suture zone. These ultramafic rocks provide evidence for several alteration events that occurred during Appalachian orogenesis. The largest of these ultramafic bodies occurs as a partially serpentinized meta-dunite located in East Dover, Vermont. Whole-rock X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and electron microprobe data on variably serpentinized meta-dunite samples are interpreted with respect to several processes including fluid/melt-rock interaction in the mantle, serpentinization, and subsequent regional metamorphism. We report the first discovery of nickel arsenide minerals hosted in this meta-dunite, as well as rare occurrences of platinum-group mineral inclusions in chromitite. Although the platinum-group minerals and chromitite are rare, their occurrence and chemistry suggest that they formed by fluid/melt-rock interaction during partial melting events that produced the dunite, likely in a supra-subduction zone setting. Arsenic minerals are rare in un-serpentinized samples but are ubiquitous in highly serpentinized samples, which suggests that most of the arsenic was introduced into the ultramafic rocks during serpentinization. Whole-rock geochemical analyses also indicate that highly serpentinized samples contain the highest concentrations of arsenic. The discovery of arsenic minerals identifies a potential source to explain elevated arsenic in groundwater in Vermont, which is a serious health concern in places where wells have been drilled in serpentinite bedrock.
Supplemental Material: Geodynamic controls in the southernmost Northern Andes magmatic arc: Trace elements and Hf-O isotopic systematics in forearc detrital zircon
Authors: Witt César , al. et
Published: September 2022

Figures S1–S5 and Tables S1–S5.
Risk factors associated with abandonment of care in retinoblastoma: analysis of 692 patients from 10 countries
Authors: Nishath Thamanna , Li Xiudi , Chandramohan Arthika , Othus Megan , Ji Xunda , Zou Yihua , Sultana Sadia , Rashid Riffat , Sherief Sadik Taju , Cassoux Nathalie , Garcia Leon Juan Luis , Díaz Coronado Rosdali , López Arturo Manuel Zapata , Ushakova Tatiana L , Polyakov Vladimir G , Roy Soma Rani , Ahmad Alia , Reddy Ashwin , Sagoo Mandeep S , Al Harby Lamis , Kim Jonathan W , Berry Jesse L , Polski Ashley , Astbury Nick , Bascaran Cova , Blum Sharon , Bowman Richard , Burton Matthew J , Foster Allen , Gomel Nir , Keren-Froim Naama , Madgar Shiran , Zondervan Marcia , Kaliki Swathi , Fabian Ido Didi , Stacey Andrew
Published: September 2022

Background

Rates of care abandonment for retinoblastoma (RB) demonstrate significant geographical variation; however, other variables that place a patient at risk of abandoning care remain unclear. This study aims to identify the risk factors for care abandonment across a multinational set of patients.

Methods

A prospective, observational study of 692 patients from 11 RB centres in 10 countries was conducted from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify risk factors associated with higher rates of care abandonment.

Results

Logistic regression showed a higher risk of abandoning care based on country (high-risk countries include Bangladesh (OR=18.1), Pakistan (OR=45.5) and Peru (OR=9.23), p<0.001), female sex (OR=2.39, p=0.013) and advanced clinical stage (OR=4.22, p<0.001). Enucleation as primary treatment was not associated with a higher risk of care abandonment (OR=0.59, p=0.206).

Conclusion

Country, advanced disease and female sex were all associated with higher rates of abandonment. In this analysis, enucleation as the primary treatment was not associated with abandonment. Further research investigating cultural barriers can enable the building of targeted retention strategies unique to each country.
Comparative effectiveness of exercise, antidepressants and their combination in treating non-severe depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Recchia Francesco , Leung Chit K , Chin Edwin C , Fong Daniel Y , Montero David , Cheng Calvin P , Yau Suk Yu , Siu Parco M
Published: September 2022

Objective

To assess the comparative effectiveness of exercise, antidepressants and their combination for alleviating depressive symptoms in adults with non-severe depression.

Design

Systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Data sources

Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus and SportDiscus.

Eligibility criteria

Randomised controlled trials (1990–present) that examined the effectiveness of an exercise, antidepressant or combination intervention against either treatment alone or a control/placebo condition in adults with non-severe depression.

Study selection and analysis

Risk of bias, indirectness and the overall confidence in the network were assessed by two independent investigators. A frequentist network meta-analysis was performed to examine postintervention differences in depressive symptom severity between groups. Intervention drop-out was assessed as a measure of treatment acceptability.

Results

Twenty-one randomised controlled trials (n=2551) with 25 comparisons were included in the network. There were no differences in treatment effectiveness among the three main interventions (exercise vs antidepressants: standardised mean differences, SMD, −0.12; 95% CI −0.33 to 0.10, combination versus exercise: SMD, 0.00; 95% CI −0.33 to 0.33, combination vs antidepressants: SMD, −0.12; 95% CI −0.40 to 0.16), although all treatments were more beneficial than controls. Exercise interventions had higher drop-out rates than antidepressant interventions (risk ratio 1.31; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.57). Heterogeneity in the network was moderate (τ2=0.03; I2=46%).

Conclusions

The results suggest no difference between exercise and pharmacological interventions in reducing depressive symptoms in adults with non-severe depression. These findings support the adoption of exercise as an alternative or adjuvant treatment for non-severe depression in adults.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO CRD4202122656.
Diet fuelling inflammatory bowel diseases: preclinical and clinical concepts
Authors: Adolph Timon E , Zhang Jingwan
Published: September 2022

The diet and gut microbiota have been extensively interrogated as a fuel for gut inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) in the last few years. Here, we review how specific nutrients, typically enriched in a Western diet, instigate or deteriorate experimental gut inflammation in a genetically susceptible host and we discuss microbiota-dependent and independent mechanisms. We depict the study landscape of nutritional trials in paediatric and adult IBD and delineate common grounds for dietary advice. Conclusively, the diet reflects a critical rheostat of microbial dysbiosis and gut inflammation in IBD. Dietary restriction by exclusive enteral nutrition, with or without a specific exclusion diet, is effectively treating paediatric Crohn’s disease, while adult IBD trials are less conclusive. Insights into molecular mechanisms of nutritional therapy will change the perception of IBD and will allow us to enter the era of precision nutrition. To achieve this, we discuss the need for carefully designed nutritional trials with scientific rigour comparable to medical trials, which also requires action from stake holders. Establishing evidence-based dietary therapy for IBD does not only hold promise to avoid long-term immunosuppression, but to provide a widely accessible therapy at low cost. Identification of dietary culprits disturbing gut health also bears the potential to prevent IBD and allows informed decision making in food politics.
Serum cholesterol loading capacity on macrophages is linked to coronary atherosclerosis and cardiovascular event risk in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Karpouzas George Athanasios , Papotti Bianca , Ormseth Sarah , Palumbo Marcella , Hernandez Elizabeth , Adorni Maria Pia , Zimetti Francesca , Budoff Matthew , Ronda Nicoletta
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Cholesterol loading capacity (CLC) describes the ability of serum to deliver cholesterol to cells. It is linked to foam cell formation, a pivotal step in atherosclerotic plaque development. We evaluate the associations of CLC with coronary atherosclerosis presence, burden and cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

Coronary atherosclerosis (any, high-risk low-attenuation plaque and obstructive plaque) was evaluated with CT angiography in 141 patients. Participants were prospectively followed for 6.0±2.4 years and cardiovascular events including cardiac death, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, stroke, claudication, revascularisation and hospitalised heart failure were recorded. CLC was quantified as intracellular cholesterol in human macrophages after incubation with patient serum.

Results

CLC was not linked to overall plaque presence or burden after adjustments for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) score, statin use and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. However, CLC associated with presence and numbers of any, low-attenuation and obstructive plaques exclusively in biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARD) non-users (p for interaction ≤0.018). CLC associated with cardiovascular event risk overall after adjustments for ASCVD and number of segments with plaque (HR=1.76 (95% CI 1.16 to 2.67) per 1 SD increase in CLC, p=0.008). Additionally, bDMARD use modified the impact of CLC on event risk; CLC associated with events in bDMARD non-users (HR=2.52 (95% CI 1.36 to 4.65) per 1SD increase in CLC, p=0.003) but not users.

Conclusion

CLC was linked to long-term cardiovascular event risk in RA and associated with high-risk low attenuation and obstructive coronary plaque presence and burden in bDMARD non-users. Its prospective validation as a predictive biomarker may be, therefore, warranted.
Complex And Simple Appendicitis: REstrictive or Liberal postoperative Antibiotic eXposure (CASA RELAX) using Desirability of Outcome Ranking (DOOR) and Response Adjusted for Duration of Antibiotic Risk (RADAR): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yeh Daniel Dante , Hatton Gabrielle E , Pedroza Claudia , Pust Gerd , Mantero Alejandro , Namias Nicholas , Kao Lillian S
Published: September 2022

Objectives

After appendectomy for simple or complicated appendicitis, the optimal duration of postoperative antibiotics (postop abx) is unclear and great practice variability exists. We propose to compare restrictive versus liberal postop abx using a hierarchical composite endpoint which includes patient-centered outcomes and accounts for duration of antibiotic exposure.

Methods/Design

Participants with simple or complicated appendicitis undergoing appendectomy are randomly assigned to either restricted or liberal strategy. Eligible subjects declining randomization will be recruited to enroll in an observation only cohort. The primary endpoint is an ordinal scale of mutually exclusive clinical outcomes with within-category rankings determined by duration of antibiotic exposure. Subjects in both randomized and observation only cohorts will be analyzed as intention-to-treat, per-protocol, and as-treated. Exploratory Bayesian analyses will be performed.

Conclusion

The complex and simple appendicitis: restrictive or liberal postoperative antibiotic exposure multicenter randomized controlled trial will enroll surgical appendectomy patients and seeks to analyze if a strategy of restricted (compared with liberal) postoperative antibiotics results in similar clinical outcomes with the benefit of reduced antibiotic exposure.

Trial registration number

NCT05002829.
Digesting Three-factor Model
Authors: Huang Weige
Published: September 2022

This paper digests three-factor model by exploring the average impacts of factors on portfolio returns and how factors interact with each other. To do this, we use SHapley Additive exPlanations method (SHAP) to interpret the results obtained by XGBoost. We find that the factors have different impacts on portfolio returns and interact with each other in different ways. We also find that the average impacts of factors on portfolio returns are similar before and after the publication of the three-factor model and the 2008 financial crisis but the interactions between factors vary across times.
An Investigation of the Hysteretic Behavior of a Buckling-Restrained Brace Subsystem Frame with Out-of-Plane Eccentricity
Authors: Cao Yongsheng , Zhou Yun , Zhong Genquan , Deng Xuesong , Takagi Jiro
Published: September 2022

This paper examines the differences in hysteretic behavior of buckling-restrained brace subsystem frames (BRBFs) with concentric and out-of-plane eccentric configurations. First, a quasi-static experiment was carried out on steel plate BRBF specimens to study the differences in mechanical properties, stability, and energy dissipation capacity between BRBFs with concentric and out-of-plane eccentric configurations. Second, a numerical simulation was carried out using the same steel plate BRBF specimens to study the difference in the stress distribution and high-order deformation patterns between the BRBFs with concentric and out-of-plane eccentric configurations. The test and numerical results showed that the out-of-plane eccentric BRBFs under in-plane quasi-static loads have different mechanical properties, larger compression strength adjustment factors ([Formula: see text]) under larger loading amplitudes, higher [Formula: see text] value increasing rates, lower equivalent viscous damping ratios ([Formula: see text]), different yield processes, and different generation processes of high-order core deformation compared with the concentric BRBFs.
Behavior of Reinforced Ultra-High Performance Concrete Slabs Under Impact Loading After Exposure to Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Chi Kaiyi , Li Jun , Wu Chengqing
Published: September 2022

Steel fiber-reinforced ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) material is prone to explosive spalling under elevated temperatures. With the addition of polypropylene (PP) fiber, thermal spalling of UHPC can be mitigated and its fire resistance can be improved. This research investigates the impact resistance of steel and PP fiber-reinforced UHPC slabs after exposure to elevated temperatures, and the structural behavior and damage were compared against normal strength concrete (NSC) slabs. Karagozian & Case concrete (KCC) model was adopted to simulate both NSC and UHPC materials. With consideration of thermal hazards, the material damage, equation of state and strain rate sensitivity were adapted. The validity of this numerical model was evaluated against available experimental results. The numerical model was used to investigate the impact resistance of the reinforced UHPC slabs after exposure to fire hazards. The effect of fire exposure time, impact velocity and impact mass on the resistance of the reinforced NSC and UHPC slabs were analyzed. The simulation results revealed that punching shear failure areas in the NSC slabs were 2.5 times, 3.4 times, 3.0 times and 1.2 times larger than the UHPC slabs after exposure to international standardization ISO-834 standard fire for 1[Formula: see text]h, 2[Formula: see text]h, 3[Formula: see text]h and 4[Formula: see text]h, respectively. After exposure to the standard fire ISO-834 for 2 h, the punching shear failure on the bottom side of NSC increased 90.9% with the increase in falling height from 1[Formula: see text]m to 7[Formula: see text]m, while for the UHPC slabs, the increment was around 67.9%. After exposure to the standard fire ISO-834 for 2[Formula: see text]h, the punching shear damage of the NSC slabs increased by 72.9% with the punch weight increased from 100[Formula: see text]kg to 700[Formula: see text]kg, whereas the damage in the UHPC slabs increased by 53.8%.
On the cosmological constant of flat FLRW spacetime
Authors: De Córdoba P. Fernández , Torromé R. Gallego , Gavasso S. , Isidro J. M.
Published: September 2022

We consider an exponentially expanding, flat, Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) Universe filled with a free Schroedinger field. The probability fluid of the latter is used to mimic the cosmological fluid (baryonic plus dark matter), thus providing the matter density and pressure terms in the corresponding Friedmann–Lemaître equations. We first obtain the eigenfunctions of the Laplacian operator on flat FLRW space. A quantum operator qualifying as a cosmological constant is defined to act on the Schroedinger field. We then compute the matrix representing the cosmological constant in the basis of Laplacian eigenfunctions. For an estimate of the orders of magnitude involved it suffices to determine the expectation values of this operator. The expectation value that best fits the experimentally measured value of the cosmological constant allows us to identify the quantum state of the Schroedinger field that best represents the matter contents (baryonic and dark) of the current Universe. Finally, the operator inverse (modulo dimensional factors) to the one representing the cosmological constant provides a measure of the gravitational Boltzmann entropy of the Universe. We compute its matrix in the basis of Laplacian eigenfunctions and verify that the expectation values of this entropy operator comply with the upper bound set by the holographic principle.
Application and development of fluorescence probes in MINFLUX nanoscopy (invited paper)
Authors: Wang Jing , Zhang Zhen , Shen Hongyu , Wu Qi , Gu Min
Published: September 2022

The MINimal emission FLUXes (MINFLUX) technique in optical microscopy, widely recognized as the next innovative fluorescence microscopy method, claims a spatial resolution of 1–3[Formula: see text]nm in both dead and living cells. To make use of the full resolution of the MINFLUX microscope, it is important to select appropriate fluorescence probes and labeling strategies, especially in living-cell imaging. This paper mainly focuses on recent applications and developments of fluorescence probes and the relevant labeling strategy for MINFLUX microscopy. Moreover, we discuss the deficiencies that need to be addressed in the future and a plan for the possible progression of MINFLUX to help investigators who have been involved in or are just starting in the field of super-resolution imaging microscopy with theoretical support.
The fresh-graph of a nominal set
Authors: Pasbani H. , Haddadi M.
Published: September 2022

Graph theory is a useful tool to study the properties of algebraic structures. Here we are going to employ this tool to study nominal sets. To do so, we employ the freshness relation to construct certain graphs so-called fresh-graph, due to the key role of freshness relation in obtaining these graphs. We then investigate the properties of these graphs to determine some properties of nominal sets.
Fault-tolerant strong metric dimension of graphs
Authors: Krishnan Sathish , Rajan Bharati
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we introduce a variant of strong metric dimension, called the fault-tolerant strong metric dimension. A strong resolving set [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] is fault-tolerant if [Formula: see text] is also a strong resolving set, for each [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text], and the fault-tolerant strong metric dimension of [Formula: see text] is the minimum cardinality of such a set and is denoted by [Formula: see text].
Overpricing in a Spatial Hedonic Frontier Model: The Case of Ski Lift Tickets in Norway
Authors: Lien Gudbrand , Kumbhakar Subal C.
Published: September 2022

A general assumption of the standard hedonic price model is that producers produce outputs/ services efficiently, and deviations from this situation are assumed to involve either overcharging or undercharging. Using the profit maximising behaviour, we derive an alternative hedonic model to show when prices are overcharged for services or products with the same characteristics. We argue that price charged by a firm depends on the price charged by the neighbouring firms giving rise to spatial dependence in prices. Based on this philosophy, we present a spatial-lag frontier hedonic pricing model. This new modelling framework is illustrated using data from Norwegian ski resorts in the winter season of 2014/ 2015 to examine whether one-day ski lift ticket prices are interrelated with other operators and to what extent the ski lift tickets are overcharged, if any.
The Arrival of Zero Trust: What Does it Mean?
Authors: Loftus Michael , Vezina Andrew , Doten Rick , Mashatan Atefeh
Published: September 2022

It used to be that enterprise cybersecurity was all castle and moat. First, secure the perimeter and then, in terms of what went on inside that, Trust, but verify. The perimeter, of course, was the corporate network. But what does that even mean at this point? With most employees now working from home at least some of the time and organizations relying increasingly on cloud computing, there is no such thing as a single, enterprise-wide perimeter anymore. And, with corporate security breaches having become a regular news item over the past two decades, trust has essentially evaporated as well.
B-open Defect: A Novel Defect Model in FinFET Technology
Authors: Forero Freddy , Champac Victor , Renovell Michel
Published: September 2022

This article proposes an electrical analysis of a new defect mechanism, to be named as b-open defect, which may occur in nanometer technologies due to the use of the Self-Aligned Double Patterning (SADP) technique. In metal lines making use of the SADP technique, a single dust particle may cause the simultaneous occurrence of a bridge defect and an open defect. When the two defects impact the same gates, the electrical effects of the bridge and the open combine and exhibit a new specific electrical behavior; we call this new defect behavior a b-open. As a consequence, existing test generation methodologies may miss defect detection. The electrical behavior of the b-open defect is first analyzed graphically and then validated through extensive SPICE simulations. The test pattern conditions to detect the b-open defect are finally determined, and it is shown that the b-open defect requires specific test generation.
Meta-Mirror with Enhanced Circular Dichroism using Chiral Metasurface
Authors: Rana Bilal Minhas , Saleem Kinza , Azeem Mehwish , Ullah Inam
Published: September 2022

The symmetry breaking structures has the ability to design meta-mirrors for numerous real-life applications. Hence, chiral structures has the ability to design meta-mirrors with circular dichroism for potential applications in chiral imaging, optical sensing and communications, etc. In this work, an L-shaped chiral structure is designed to achieve enhanced circular dichroism at multi-bands in near infrared regime (NIR). The meta-mirror so-called meta-reflector consists of an array of dielectric based L-type structures with different parameters, arranged in a periodic configuration. By properly choosing the material and the geometrical dimensions of the chosen structure, the obtained reflection spectra for left- and right-handed circularly polarized light is significantly different. As a result, the overall efficiency of the reflector enhanced by the chiral structure. This work can have significant application in optical chiral sensing, NIR spectroscopy, communication, etc.
The Influence of Mutual Assistance of Construction Workers with Different Personality Traits on Team Safety
Authors: Li Keqing , Wang Ting-Kwei , Yu Anyuan , Chen Jieh-Haur
Published: September 2022

Construction workers’ unsafe behaviors are closely related to construction safety performance. Most existing studies on construction workers’ personality traits and safety behaviors have ignored the flexibility of worker mix at construction sites, the dynamics of workers’ behaviors, and the complexity of environmental risks at construction sites. Based on the cognitive process of construction workers’ safety behaviors and from the perspective of personality traits, this research establishes an agent-based model of steelworkers’ mutual assistance behavior. The AnyLogic platform is adopted to show emerging phenomena in complex problems. Through simulation experiments, the optimized configuration of construction team members under different risk environments can be obtained. This research is conducive to project managers to understand the influence of construction workers’ mutual assistance on team safety, assess workers’ potential for safe work before recruitment, and carry out active safety management from the source instead of looking for the cause of the accident afterward, making safety management theory more realistic and dynamic.
Detection and Quantification of the Relationship between the Ratio of Triglycerides over High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and the Level of Serum Uric Acid: One Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Li Yuexi , Luo Yuhan , Wang Qiaoli , Liu Xiaoqin
Published: September 2022

Background. Hyperuricemia acts as an independently known risk factor for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and gout. It was previously reported that the ratio of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) is not only an important marker of cardiovascular disease, stroke, atherosclerosis, and insulin resistance but is also associated with an elevated level of serum uric acid. However, it is still poorly understood what the association is between TG/HDL-C and serum uric acid levels. Hence, the aim of this research was to determine this association. Methods. A total of 5,402 participants who underwent physical examinations in 2021 were analyzed during our cross-sectional research. In order to verify this correlation between TG/HDL-C and uric acid, we performed both a generalized additive model (GAM) and a smoothing curve fit. We also performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for evaluation of differences in clinical risk factor models in identifying hyperuricemia risk before and after the introduction of TG/HDL-C. Results. Upon adjustment for confounders, we found that there was a nonlinear positive correlation between TG/HDL-C and the level of uric acid, and the inflection point was 1.41. When TG/HDL-C was less than 1.41, the effect size was 40.56 (19.08-62.04, P = 0.0002), whereas when TG/HDL-C was more than 1.41 the effect size was 17.18 (3.70-30.65,

P
=
0.0125

). As shown by the ROC curve, a significant increase in the area under the curve (AUC) was observed upon the introduction of TG/HDL-C into the established risk factor model which elevated from 0.7206(0.7053-0.7359,

P
<
0.05

) to 0.8291 (0.8175-0.8407,

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Therefore, TG/HDL-C is positively and nonlinearly correlated to the level of uric acid, and the inflection point is 1.41. Furthermore, TG/HDL-C leads to an improvement in hyperuricemia risk stratification.
Planning and Design Method of Multiangle Ecological Building Edge Space under the Background of Rural Revitalization
Authors: Zhen Longxia , Liang Wei
Published: September 2022

Under the background of rural revitalization, in order to realize the planning and design of ecological building edge space, a multi-perspective ecological building edge space planning and design method based on remote sensing image edge segmentation is proposed. The remote sensing visual detection of ecological buildings is realized by fusing multiscale features and multisource scene remote sensing images, and the extracted remote sensing image feature points are calibrated to extract the location information, texture features, super-resolution edge information features, and different levels of change features of the spatial distribution of the edge of ecological buildings. The background difference detection model of an ecological building remote sensing image is established, and the distance of the centroid of the corresponding level is calculated through frame dynamic planning and differential image clustering. Combined with the edge contour detection method of ecological building remote sensing image, the edge space planning and design are realized. The simulation results show that this method has higher accuracy in planning and better accuracy in detecting the contour of ecological building edge space and improves the dynamic planning and positioning ability of multi-perspective ecological building edge space distribution.
Transcriptome Profiling of A549 Xenografts of Nonsmall-cell Lung Cancer Treated with Qing-Re-Huo-Xue Formula
Authors: Lv Zexi , Chen Xiqun , Yang Kai , Zhao Yuhang , Cui Jie , Tulake Wuniqiemu
Published: September 2022

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of all lung cancer cases. Chinese herbal formula Qing-Re-Huo-Xue (QRHXF) has shown antitumor effects in the NSCLC xenograft mouse model of Lewis cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor effects of QRHXF remain unknown. In this study, an A549 xenograft mouse model was established, and the mice were then treated with QRHXF or vehicle through oral gavage. Tumor growth was monitored. Tumors were subsequently harvested, and RNA sequencing was performed. Compared with the control group, mice treated with QRHXF showed smaller tumor size and slower tumor growth. RNA sequencing results indicated 36 differentially expressed genes between QRHXF treated and control groups. 16 upregulated and 20 downregulated genes were identified. Enrichment analysis showed four differential expression genes (DEGs) related to tumor growth pathways RASAL2, SerpinB5, UTG1A4, and PDE3A. In conclusion, this study revealed that QRHXF could inhibit tumor growth in an A549 xenograft mouse model, and the target genes of QRHXF may include PDE3A, RASAL2, SERPIB5, and UTG1A4.
The Molecular Mechanisms of Panax ginseng in Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Network Pharmacology Analysis and Molecular Docking Validation
Authors: Tran Minh Nhat , Lee Sanghun
Published: September 2022

Background. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder with a high global incidence. Panax ginseng has been used to treat T2DM in traditional medicine, with previous in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trial studies demonstrating its efficacy. This study aimed to determine the mechanism of P. ginseng in treating T2DM by network pharmacology. Methods. The bioactive compounds of P. ginseng and corresponding targets of P. ginseng-T2DM were retrieved across multiple databases. The protein-protein interaction network was established using the STRING database and topological analysis helped identify the core target. Using the DAVID tool, we performed Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Finally, we checked the binding of core targets and bioactive compounds using molecular docking. Results. The P. ginseng-T2DM networks mainly contained 22 bioactive compounds and 314 overlapping targets. The five most significant core targets were SRC, STAT3, MAPK1, AKT1, and PIK3R1. There were 244 GO terms and 95 KEGG pathways (adjusted

p
<
0.01

) that were strongly correlated with diabetes-related signaling pathways, such as insulin resistance, the HIF-1 signaling pathway, the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, the prolactin signaling pathway, the Rap1 signaling pathway, the Ras signaling pathway, the calcium signaling pathway, and the FoxO signaling pathway. Molecular docking results revealed that the top five core targets had a high binding affinity with the bioactive compounds of P. ginseng. Conclusion. The bioactive compounds and targets in P. ginseng ameliorate T2DM by regulating insulin resistance and multiple signaling pathways.
[Retracted] Clinical Effect of Fuzheng Guben Decoction in the Treatment of Localized Prostate Cancer and Its Influence on Immune Function under Continuous Nursing Intervention
Authors: Zhou Yanling , Liu Lan , Gao Lifei
Published: September 2022

In order to explore the clinical effect and immune function of patients with localized prostate cancer combined with continuous nursing intervention and Fuzheng Guben decoction, a total of 72 patients with prostate cancer admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to June 2021 are selected and analyzed. The patients are randomly divided into a study group and control group randomly, and the control group and the research group are treated with routine intervention and chemotherapy, continuous nursing intervention, and Fuzheng Guben decoction on the basis of chemotherapy, respectively. The incidence of postoperative urinary incontinence and other complications between the two groups are counted, and the differences of FHIT, CatD, CatL, CD68, and CD83 levels in the patients are compared. Furthermore, the total treatment response rate and self‐attitude score of the two groups are compared after treatment. The experimental results demonstrate that the total effective rate and self‐attitude score of patients in the study group are significantly better than those in the control group.
Outcomes in Emergency Department Patients with Dyspnea versus Chest Pain: A Retrospective Consecutive Cohort Study
Authors: Jemt Erik , Ekström Magnus , Ekelund Ulf
Published: September 2022

Dyspnea and chest pain are major and important causes of contact at the emergency department (ED). Dyspnea is associated with high morbidity and mortality, but data on characteristics and outcomes compared with chest pain in the ED are limited. This was a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients with contact causes of dyspnea or chest pain at two Swedish EDs from 2010 to 2014. Hospital admittance, ED revisits, and mortality were analyzed using multivariable regression models, adjusted for ED and markers of disease severity (age, sex, centre, Charlson comorbidity index, c-reactive protein, troponin T, and arrival by ambulance). 29,291 patients (mean age 58.3 years; 48.9% women) with dyspnea (n = 8,812) or chest pain (n = 20,479) were included. Dyspnea patients were older than patients with chest pain (64 vs. 56 years,

p
<
0.001

) and had more comorbidity and higher average blood troponin T and c-reactive protein levels. Dyspnea patients also had higher hospitalization rates (48% vs. 30%; adjOR (95% CI) 2.1–2.3), including the intensive care unit (1.4% vs. 0.1%; adjOR 6.9–15.9), and more ED revisits (11% vs. 7%; adjOR 1.2–1.7) in 30 days. Dyspnea patients had five-fold increased mortality compared to those with chest pain; hazard ratio (HR) 5.1 (4.8–5.4), adjusted for markers of disease severity, the mortality was two-fold higher, HR 2.2 (2.0–2.4). Compared with chest pain patients, ED dyspnea patients are older, have more comorbidity, and have worse outcomes in terms of hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality.
Big Data Model of Digital Employees of High-Tech Enterprises under the Background of Digital Transformation
Authors: Li Manhang
Published: September 2022

This paper firstly conducts a theoretical analysis on the digital transformation of enterprises. Theories such as Marxism and new institutional economics related to the digital transformation of enterprises are sorted out. Secondly, it conducts an empirical analysis on the digital transformation of high-tech enterprises. This paper summarizes the three major transformation paths of the existing production service digitization, marketing model digitization, and industrial digitization. Based on the data analysis of the questionnaire, this paper summarizes the difficulties of digital transformation of high-tech enterprises, mainly due to the lack of transformation ability, resulting in “cannot transfer”; the lack of self-development conditions and digital transformation, resulting in “will not transfer”; digital transformation lacks full guarantee, resulting in “do not dare to turn.” And based on the analytic hierarchy process, the influencing factors of the digital transformation of high-tech enterprises are analyzed, and the relative importance of each factor is obtained.
Convolutional Neural Network Based Energy Consumption Management Model for the Full Life Cycle of Buildings and Information System Design
Authors: Zhou Jingyi
Published: September 2022

With the continuous improvement in China’s economy, the construction industry has developed and rampantly progressed. Besides the wastage of resources and energy, the development has caused serious pollution to the environment. This makes the construction industry a high energy-consuming and highly polluting industry. There is a pressing need to reduce the wastage of resources and to adequately manage consumption of energy throughout the life cycle of buildings. This paper explores an effective method of building life cycle energy management by appropriately utilizing information system and the emerging deep learning technology. To achieve energy saving in buildings, a feasible model is proposed for predicting, analyzing, and building energy consumption based on neural networks. By analyzing the massive data stored in the building information system, the operation of each subsystem in the building is guided and regulated to achieve energy deployment and build energy optimization. Focusing the key meters, the average generalization ability of the proposed model (R-Squared = 1.9, MSE = 1.02) is better than the other contemporarily used models, LightGBM, LSTM, and SVR. Moreover, the method can effectively predict the energy consumption of the whole life cycle of the building and has higher prediction accuracy. The method proposed has great significance in research related with improving building energy performance and designing decision support tool.
Prediction of Length of Hospital Stay of COVID-19 Patients Using Gradient Boosting Decision Tree
Authors: Askari GholamReza , Rouhani Mohammad Hossein , Sattari Mohammad
Published: September 2022

The aim of this paper is to predict the patient hospitalization time with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It uses various data mining techniques, such as random forest. Many rules were derived by applying these techniques to the dataset. The extracted rules mainly were related to people over 55 years old. The rule with the most support states that if the person is between 70 and 80 years old, has cardiovascular disease, and the gender is female; then, the person will be hospitalized for at least five days. The gradient boosting random forest technique has performed better than other techniques. As a limitation of the study, it can be pointed out that a few features were unavailable and had not been recorded. Patients with diabetes, chronic respiratory problems, and cardiovascular diseases have a relatively long hospitalization. So, the hospital manager should consider a suitable priority for these patients. Older people were also more likely to take part in the selection rules.
Restoring Teeth with an Advanced Lithium Disilicate Ceramic: A Case Report and 1-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Hölken Felicitas , Dietrich Helmut
Published: September 2022

Advancements in materials science and bonding protocols as well as new manufacturing methods foster the development of novel ceramic materials to meet the increased demands for highly aesthetic, biocompatible, and long-lasting restorations in fixed prosthodontics. This case report highlights the minimally invasive rehabilitation with a new advanced lithium disilicate (ALD) ceramic block. It is reinforced with virgilite crystals in managing esthetic demand of patient besides having a high flexural strength. According to the manufacturer, the material provides a biaxial strength measured at >700 MPa and improved optical properties. The remarkable speed sintering time of approx. 4.5 minutes makes processing very fast. Time efficiency, predictability, and economically interesting treatment options are of great importance in current dentistry and can be well implemented in CAD/CAM dentistry. The newly introduced ALD ceramic for the “Chairside Economical Restoration of Esthetic Ceramics”/“CEramic REConstruction” (CEREC) system produces an esthetically pleasing and clinically excellent restoration. The shorter processing time combined with high flexural strength will optimize the chairside workflow. New treatment indication options for lithium disilicate ceramics will expand. Although more evidence from long-term clinical studies is needed to verify the clinical performance and manufacturer recommendations regarding indication, preparation and cementation must be followed very strictly. In the present case report, restorations were indicated for seven posterior teeth, which were prepared, scanned, designed with CEREC-Primescan SW 5.1.3, and fabricated with MCX5. The monolithic restorations were placed adhesively. The rehabilitation with the ALD blocks resulted in an aesthetically pleasing, functional outcome that improved overall treatment time and increased patient and practitioner satisfaction, which remained stable over a one-year follow-up period.