bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of symmetry breaking of the structurally-disordered Hamiltonian ensembles on the anisotropic decoherence of qubits
Authors: Chen Hong-Bin
Published: January 2022

It is commonly known that the dephasing in open quantum systems is due to the establishment of bipartite correlations with ambient environments, which are typically difficult to be fully characterized. Recently, a new approach of average over disordered Hamiltonian ensemble is developed and shown to be capable of describing the nonclassicality of incoherent dynamics based on inferring the nonclassical nature of the correlations. Here we further extend the approach of Hamiltonian ensemble in the canonical form to the realm of structural disorder. Under the variable separation of the probability distribution within the Hamiltonian ensemble, the geometrical structure is easily visualized and can be characterized according to the degree of symmetry. We demonstrate four degrees and investigate the effects of different types of symmetry breaking on the incoherent dynamics. We show that these effects are easily understood from the emergences of additional terms in the master equations, leading to rather general master equations and, consequently, going beyond the previous frameworks of pure dephasing or isotropic depolarization.
Non-extraction camouflage treatment using extra-alveolar skeletal anchorage
Authors: Lee Young-Jun , Park Jae Hyun , Chang Na-Young , Lee Kang-Gyu , Chae Jong-Moon
Published: January 2022

A 23-year-old female patient with moderate crowding and a bilateral molar scissor-bite was successfully treated without tooth extraction. Extra-alveolar skeletal anchorage, involving a three-dimensional key plate in the maxilla and two miniscrews in the buccal shelf of the mandible, were used for distalisation, buccolingual uprighting, and the intrusion of molars by fixed orthodontic appliances. Cone-beam computed tomography was used to identify available posterior space for the distalisation and buccolingual correction of the molars in scissor-bite. The total treatment time was 24 months. Post-treatment results showed good occlusal relationships and smile aesthetics. Twelve-month post-treatment records demonstrated no significant relapse and a favourable facial balance.
Surface-acoustic-wave-induced unconventional superconducting pairing
Authors: Kornich Viktoriia
Published: January 2022

Unconventional superconductivity is usually associated with symmetry breaking in the system. Here we consider a simple setup consisting of a solid state material with conduction electrons and an applied surface acoustic wave (SAW), that can break time and spatial translation symmetries. We study the symmetries of the possible SAW-induced order parameters, showing that even-frequency spin-triplet odd-parity order parameter can occur. We suggest different methods of how to engineer the symmetries of the order parameters using SAWs and the applications of such setups.
Synthesis, Characterization and Use of Alumina Doped with TiO2 and ZrO2 to Produce Biofuels from Soybean Oil by Thermal Cracking, Transesterification and Hydroesterification
Authors: Brum Sarah , Quirino Rafael , Daher Leila , Iha Osvaldo , Ehlert Erick , Rubim Joel , Suarez Paulo
Published: January 2022

In this work, different metal oxides containing Ti, Zr and Al were prepared and characterized and their catalytic activities for cracking, transesterification, and hydroesterification reactions of soybean oil were evaluated. It is described the synthesis of the solids by co-precipitation, and their characterization by thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmet-Teller surface area determination, Fourier-transformed Raman spectroscopy, and the determination of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites by pyridine adsorption and detection through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The hydrocarbons obtained by soybean pyrolysis were analyzed by fractional distillation, acid number, FTIR, density (at 20 °C), viscosity (at 40 °C), and calculation of the cetane number. The results suggest that all of the solids exhibit catalytic activity at the second stage of the cracking reaction (deoxygenation), lowering the final acidity of the products. The solids also exhibited catalytic activity for transesterification and hydroesterification of triacylglycerides, leading to good yields in methyl fatty acid esters.
Dynamic stiffness and vibration analysis model of angular contact ball bearing considering vibration and friction state variation
Authors: Yun Xianghe , Han Qingkai , Wen Baogang , Hao Xu
Published: January 2022

Force and thermal effect are dominant in giving rise to variation of bearing dynamic stiffness and vibration. On the basis of test and theoretical analysis, the dynamic stiffness and vibration model of angle contact ball bearing considering vibration and friction state variation is established. Firstly, based on the quasi-statics of bearing and hydrodynamic lubrication theory, the motion and force relation between each parts are determined by considering the force and thermal effect. Secondly, the friction power consumption of bearing is calculated adopting integrated method, besides, the conduction heat resistance and convection heat resistance in the bearing system are achieved. A steady-state temperature calculation model of angle contact ball bearing-shaft-house system is built based on thermal network method. Finally, the dynamic stiffness and vibration model of angular contact ball bearing including the thermal-solid coupling effect is obtained, which is employed to realize the theoretical analysis of bearing dynamic stiffness and vibration, its accuracy is verified through typical test results. The calculation results shows that there is a good agreement between house test temperature and calculation temperature. The evolution rule of contact deformation and contact stiffness between ball and outer/inner ring over the whole life under excessive preload is the same. So does the oil film thickness and oil film stiffness. However, the curve shape and amplitude of contact angular between ball and outer/inner ring over the whole life is different. Bearing radial stiffness value has a more significant change than axial stiffness value, both of them represent an overall upward tendency. The radial clearance holds a negative correlation with house temperature, however, the radial displacement has a positive correlation with house temperature. The evolvement curve of contact angular affected by various preload and speed is opposite. The contact load between ball and outer/inner ring has the same trend influenced by preload and speed with EHL. The variation of preload has bigger effect on temperature rise than speed change. The oil film has little influence on contact angular, contact load and temperature under dry-lubricated or lightly lubricated condition.
Retrospective study of bacterial agents found in urine culture of dogs: antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance profile
Authors: Lanzi Thaís Duran , Martins Murilo Gonçalves , Romão Felipe Gazza
Published: January 2022

Urinary tract infections are commonly diagnosed in dogs, accounting for 2 to 3% of cases in the clinical routine, as cystitis being the most reported condition. Dogs of all ages and breeds can be affected, and early diagnosis is an important tool for therapeutic success. Urine culture and antibiogram are gold-standard tests for the diagnosis of bacterial cystitis, allowing correct therapy and better recovery of the patient, since currently there is great resistance to antimicrobials used in the veterinary clinics. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the main etiological agents isolated in dog urine cultures, as well as the resistance and sensitivity profile of the isolated agents in relation to antibiotics, in order to assist the clinician ́s choice of the most appropriate antimicrobial, aiming at the patient’s therapeutic success. For this study, a retrospective study was performed of 49 samples of urine cultures of male and female dogs, collected between 2012 and 2021, which were positive for bacterial growth. From this analysis, it was observed that Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. were the most isolated agents, presenting higher antimicrobial resistance to cephalexin, sulfadiazine plus trimethoprim, ampicillin, enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, respectively.
The Sensitive Genes in Response to Various Metal Ion Stresses in the
Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Wang Xue , Lyu Keliang , Shi Kailun , Liu Chengkun , Lyu Zhiwen , Liu Dongwu
Published: January 2022

Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a good eukaryotic model for studying the molecular mechanism of toxic metal ion stress. Numerous studies have been performed on the signal transduction induced by toxic metal ion stress. The physiological process of eukaryotic cells has been studied and various stress factors have been elucidated by constructing gene deletion library. Until now, the sensitivity and tolerance mechanism of yeast under metal ion stress have been widely studied. The sensitive genes induced by metal ion stress will provide a key foundation for studying the gene function of eukaryotic organisms. In addition, the functions of genes in response to metal ion stress mainly participate in regulating ion homeostasis, high glycerin pathway, vacuole protein separation pathway, cell wall integrity pathway, and cell autophagy. However, the interaction of these signal pathways and the detailed response mechanism need to be further studied in future. In addition, the technique of genomics and proteomics will be helpful for studying the detailed molecular mechanism induced by toxic metal ion stress. Thus, the sensitive genes related to various signal pathways under toxic metal ion stress will be reviewed in the yeast S. cerevisiae.
In-silico Validation of the Proposed Treatment Strategy of Periodontitis
Authors: Mirza Mohd. Aamir , Iqbal Zeenat , Jain Pooja , Farooq Uzma , Nainwal Lalit Mohan , Alam Mumtaz , Poonkuzhi Naseef Punnoth , Kuruniyan Mohamed Saheer
Published: January 2022

Objective:

The present study aims to assess a proposed treatment approach or therapy
for periodontitis by using the in-silico technique. The proposed treatment strategy offers a singular
vehicular system consisting of minocycline (antibiotic), celecoxib (selective COX-II inhibitor),
doxycycline hyclate (matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor), and hydroxyapatite (osteogenic agent).

Material & Method:

Molecular docking studies of drugs were performed using Maestro version
9.4 software Schrödinger, and 3-Dimensional Crystallographic X-ray protein structures of targeted
proteins were downloaded from RCSB protein data bank in .pdb file format. These agents were
docked, and their affinities towards the receptors/protein/enzyme were calculated. Furthermore,
their affinities were compared with the standard drug.

Results:

The study suggests that minocycline and metronidazole possess equal affinity towards the
RGPB and Inlj protein of P.gingivalis. Celecoxib, a well-known inhibitor of the COX-II enzyme,
showed very high affinity. Selective inhibitor of MMP-8 possessed higher affinity than doxycycline,
whereas CMT-3 showed equal affinity as doxycycline for MMP-13. Similarly, hydroxyapatite
and simvastatin also showed a comparatively similar affinity for osteopontin receptor.

Conclusion:

Based upon molecular docking results, it can be concluded that the proposed treatment
strategy would be a suitable approach for periodontitis and all the selected therapeutic agents
have potential similar to the standard drugs, thereby constituting a reliable system for periodontitis.
Identification of the Metabolites of Scutebarbatine A in Rat Plasma, Bile, Urine, and
feces by Using Ultra-high-performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Q
Exactive Hybrid Quadrupole-orbitrap High-resolution Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Zhao Lei , Wang Hongjin , Yuan Nannan , Yang Guochun , Gao Jinwei , Sun Lixin
Published: January 2022

Background:

Scutebarbatine A is a new neo-Clerodane Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Scutellaria barbata,
which has many pharmacological effects, such as anti-tumor, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory. However, there
are no studies on the metabolism of Scutebarbatine A.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to explore the metabolism of Scutebarbatine A in the body, the bile, plasma,
urine, and feces samples of rats after administration were investigated.

Methods:

The biological samples were investigated using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled
with Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS).

Results:

A total of 20 metabolites were identified: 16 phase I metabolites and 4 phase II metabolites. The main metabolic
pathways were hydrolysis, oxidation, hydrogenation, dehydration, and combination with sulfate.

Conclusion:

This study further elucidates the metabolism of Scutebarbatine A in rats and provides a reference for the
study of its pharmacodynamic material basis and pharmacological mechanism.
Aminoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine Bearing Different Pyrazole Moieties as the
Structural Scaffold for the Development of BACE1 Inhibitor; Synthesis,
Structural Characterization, in vitro and in silico Studies
Authors: Mahdavi Mohammad , Ebrahimi Seyed Esmaeil Sadat , Iraji Aida , Jelveh Kourosh , Moazzam Ali , Bahadorikhalili Saeed , Yahya‐Meymandi Azadeh , Larijani Bagher , Biglar Mahmmod , Edraki Najmeh
Published: January 2022

Regarding the critical role of amyloid-β plaques in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, a series of aminoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives were designed and synthesized as potential anti-BACE1 agents targeting the production of amyloid-β plaques. In vitro biological results demonstrated that compounds 7b and 7f exhibited the best inhibitory potency against BACE1 with IC50 values of 22.48 ± 2.06 and 30.61 ± 3.48 μM, respectively. Also, the ligand-protein docking evaluations revealed that compounds 7b and 7f could effectively bind with the different pockets of BACE1 through different interactions with the residue of the active site. The results of current studies underline the potential role of aminoimidazo[1,2-a] pyridine-containing pyrazole derivatives for developing novel BACE1 inhibitors.
Chemistry of Biologically Active Benzimidazole Scaffolds: Medicinal
Chemistry Perspective
Authors: Bendi Anjaneyulu , Sangeeta  , Singh Lakhwinder , Rao G.B. Dharma
Published: January 2022

Nowadays, heterocyclic compounds have attained a prominent place among the various
classes of aromatic organic compounds. Benzimidazoles are important classes of heterocyclic compounds
that comprise six-member benzene and five-member imidazole fused ring systems. Benzimidazole
scaffolds remain the central focus among the available heterocyclic compounds because of several
pharmacological, clinical, and biological properties. Benzimidazoles attain the focus due to their
stability, outstanding bioavailability, and wide spectrum of biological efficiency. The present study
reveals and discusses the chemistry of various benzimidazole scaffolds widely used in medicinal
chemistry with the available data until 2021.
A Novel Electrochemical Genosensor for Specific Detection of xanQ Gene
in Escherichia coli Strains in Water
Authors: Deshmukh Rehan , Roy Utpal , Bhand Sunil
Published: January 2022

Background:

A rapid and specific detection of pathogens is of great importance from
public health viewpoint as well as from economic perspectives. Genosensor based on sequence
specific detection of Escherichia coli facilitates significant improvements in rapidity and specificity
over traditional microbiological methods.

Objective:

The present study was aimed at identifying a sequence of xanQ genetic markers for
designing the DNA sensing probe and fabricating a genosensor using the interdigitated gold electrode
(IDE). A label-free genosensor for E. coli detection in water by a novel nucleic acid sensing
probe, URecA1016 is reported. The URecA1016 sensing probe-functionalized gold-interdigitated
electrode surface by covalent coupling using 11-Mercaptoundecanoic acid (crosslinker) to develop
the electrochemical genosensor.

Results:

Upon DNA hybridization, the non-Faradaic sensing measurements showed a decreasing
capacitance value with 10 min response time at 120 Hz frequency and 10 mV applied potential.
The linearity range of the genosensor was between 1 and 1000 pg/mL for DNA of E. coli with a
limit of quantification (LoQ) of 1.27 pg DNA/mL of E. coli (equivalent to approximately 150
CFU/mL) at 95 % confidence. Whilst the genosensor was E. coli species-specific as has been tested
for the detection of E. coli MTCC 3221, E. coli O157:H7 ATCC 43895, E. coli O78:H11 MTCC
723 any cross-reactivity could not be observed with DNA of Shigella flexneri MTCC 9543 and
Bacillus subtilis MTCC 736. The capacitance change responses were also recorded and discussed.

Conclusions:

The URecA1016 sensing probe was found to be specific for the detection of different
E. coli species spiked in water. The results obtained in our study demonstrated the possible application
potential of genosensor for E. coli detection in real water samples.
Therapeutic Effects and Mechanism of Liraglutide in Rats with Type 2
Diabetes and Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Zhao Xuanye , Liu Yaoji , Liu Jingjin , Qin jie
Published: January 2022

• Background:

SREBP-1c/Insig/SCAP acts as a lipid de novo synthesis pathway, and its factors are highly expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum[4]. At present, this pathway has become a research hotspot in the development of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. However, there are few studies on how various factors in this pathway change after endoplasmic reticulum stress; in particular, the role of the insulin-inducing gene-1 (Insig-1) has not been elucidated in detail.

• Objective:

To investigate whether liraglutide has a therapeutic effect on rats with T2DM and MAFLD and to further study its possible mechanism

• Method:

rats in the control group and modeling group were fed with normal diet and high-sugar and high-fat diet, respectively . After one month, the mice in the modeling group were injected with 35mg/kg STZ intraperitoneally to establish the model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. T2DM and MAFLD rats were randomly divided into three groups: model group, low dose liraglutide group, and high dose liraglutide group. Fasting blood glucose ,fasting insulin, blood lipid profile, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase were measured at the end of the 8th week. Paraffin sections were obtained from the same part of the liver of rats in each group and observed by electron microscope after HE staining. Western blot was used to detect the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress index (GRP78) and negative feedback index of lipid synthesis (Insig-1) in each group.

• Results:

Liver tissue from the drug intervention groups caused a decrease in lipid droplet vacuoles, and the hepatocytes were arranged neatly again. While the expression of GRP78 rose, Insig-1 declined. There were differences with different doses of liraglutide; the higher the dose was, the more obvious the effect. No such changes were observed in T2DM and MAFLD rats after injection of saline.

• Conclusion:

we show that liraglutide may have a therapeutic effect on rats with T2DM and MAFLD by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress in the liver and increasing the expression of Insig-1.
Speech chain and repeated nomination in different system languages
Authors: Oripovna Anorboyeva Irodakhon , Maxammadjonovna Saidova Lolakhon , Odiljonovich Yakubjonov Iqboljon , Pazlidinovich Qobulov O’tkirbek
Published: January 2022

This article studies the syntactic meaning of the speech chain in different structural languages and the repeated nominations reflected in different lexical units. In the process of analyzing the relationships between complete sentences which concepts related to the syntax of simple or complex sentences, acting on assumptions that are less acceptable. Similarly, it is inappropriate to transfer the connections specific to simple and complex parts of speech to the analysis of the relationships between independent sentences, as has unfortunately been observed in some scientific sources. Practice shows that the most common syntactic form of the chain is "object-subject" (the previous object is similar to the next in the lexical order). However, other structural forms of the chain (subject - object, object – object) are also widely used. Thus, lexical repetition is undoubtedly syntactic. This is a unique means of demonstrating the connection of independent sentences in a coherent speech.
Локализованные состояния π-электронов в спектре оптического поглощения высокотетраэдрического аморфного углерода
Authors: Чекулаев М.С. , Ястребов С.Г.
Published: January 2022

The paper presents result of ab initio methods exploiting to calculate the molar extinction spectrum of some model clusters, the molecular hybrid C24H30 included. Based on the comparison of the calculation with the experimental spectra of the main allotropic modifications of carbon, the absorption maximum with an energy of ~ 6 eV in the absorption spectrum of highly tetrahedral amorphous carbon (tа-C) attributed to the π → π * optical transitions of electrons in a single aromatic ring. The edge sites of the ring covalently bonded with the sp3 hybridised carbon atoms of the amorphous matrix. The manifestation of a shoulder in the spectrum of the imaginary part of the refractive index of a film of highly tetrahedral amorphous carbon (tа-C), 4.6 eV, is assigned to π → π * optical transitions of clusters distorted with hybrid Stone-Wallace-like defect, also covalently bonded with the amorphous matrix.
Key words: interaction of light with matter, new forms of carbon, tetrahedrally coordinated amorphous carbon, Stone–Wales defect
Satisfacción de calidad de servicio en los estudiantes de las Facultades de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Perú. Una mirada a través del modelo SERVQUAL
Authors: Vergiú Canto Jorge
Published: January 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue diagnosticar la satisfacción de los Estudiantes con relación a la calidad de los servicios, en las Facultades de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Perú, sustentado en el modelo de calidad de servicio Servqual de Parasuman, Zeithaml y Berry (1985). Se abordó desde una ontología realista, una epistemología positivista y un enfoque cuantitativo. Los resultados reflejan un nivel bajo en la satisfacción de los Estudiantes, al ubicarse los 4 indicadores que miden la variable con un Índice de Calidad de Servicio (ICS) en menos 1: Enseñanza y Aprovechamiento (Fiabilidad) en -0,48; Gestión del Bienestar del Estudiante (Capacidad de Respuesta) en -0.46, Gestión de la Infraestructura de Ambientes de Clase (Elementos Tangibles) en -0.66, Habilidades Blandas (Empatía) en -0.15; obteniéndose un ICG de -1.74. Se concluye que la Universidad objeto de estudio, como un sector generador de beneficio social, debe emprender acciones estrategias que permitan elevar el ICS para satisfacer las expectativas de sus Estudiantes y convertirse en agente de cambio y de alta competitividad.
Pengaruh Kolaborasi Gizi Dan Farmasi terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Diabetes Mellitus Lansia
Authors: Wijayatri Ratna , Kurniasari Yulinda , Ulya Lulu Fathnatul
Published: January 2022

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease whose treatment takes a long time. DM has a bad impact on health because of serious complications, both microvascular and macrovascular. Epidemiologically, it is estimated that in 2030 the prevalence of DM in Indonesia will reach 21.3 million people. Almost 50% of patients with type 2 DM are patients aged 65 years and over. DM in the elderly is metabolically different from DM in other ages, so a different therapeutic approach is needed in this group. This is because the elderly have experienced physical and mental decline which results in a decrease in quality of life and a decrease in understanding the command to use the medicine. The CBIA (Community Based Intensive Approach) method which synergizes between nutritionist and pharmacist is applied to increase knowledge of blood sugar levels and their control in elderly patients suffering from diabetes. This research is a quantitative pre-post-test design study, with a control design. Respondents were taken from 2 health centers in Bantul by purposive sampling method, and 60 elderly respondents were obtained who fit the inclusion criteria. The level of knowledge of elderly patients on blood sugar control is very important to support the achievement of a good quality of life for elderly DM patients. The results of measuring the level of knowledge after the intervention in the form of pharmaceutical and nutritional care together with the CBIA method experienced a significant increase compared to the control group. The level of knowledge of respondents before the intervention was given there were 4 respondents with low knowledge, 26 respondents with moderate knowledge, 30 respondents with high knowledge. It has increased to 58 with high knowledge, and 2 with low knowledge. This shows the effect of providing CBIA interventions that synergize between nutritionists and pharmacists in increasing elderly patients' knowledge of DM.
System-Level Factors Associated With Telephone and Video Visit Use: Survey of Safety-Net Clinicians During the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sharma Anjana E , Khoong Elaine C , Sierra Maribel , Rivadeneira Natalie A , Nijagal Malini A , Su George , Lyles Courtney R , DeFries Triveni , Tuot Delphine S , Sarkar Urmimala
Published: January 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic prompted safety-net health care systems to rapidly implement telemedicine services with little prior experience, causing disparities in access to virtual visits. While much attention has been given to patient barriers, less is known regarding system-level factors influencing telephone versus video-visit adoption. As telemedicine remains a preferred service for patients and providers, and reimbursement parity will not continue for audio visits, health systems must evaluate how to support higher-quality video visit access.

Objective

This study aimed to assess health system–level factors and their impact on telephone and video visit adoption to inform sustainability of telemedicine for ambulatory safety-net sites.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional survey among ambulatory care clinicians at a hospital-linked ambulatory clinic network serving a diverse, publicly insured patient population between May 28 and July 14, 2020. We conducted bivariate analyses assessing health care system–level factors associated with (1) high telephone adoption (4 or more visits on average per session); and (2) video visit adoption (at least 1 video visit on average per session).

Results

We collected 311 responses from 643 eligible clinicians, yielding a response rate of 48.4%. Clinician respondents (N=311) included 34.7% (n=108) primary or urgent care, 35.1% (n=109) medical, and 7.4% (n=23) surgical specialties. Our sample included 178 (57.2%) high telephone adopters and 81 (26.05%) video adopters. Among high telephone adopters, 72.2% utilized personal devices for telemedicine (vs 59.0% of low telephone adopters, P=.04). Video nonadopters requested more training in technical aspects than adopters (49.6% vs 27.2%, P<.001). Primary or urgent care had the highest proportion of high telephone adoption (84.3%, compared to 50.4% of medical and 37.5% of surgical specialties, P<.001). Medical specialties had the highest proportion of video adoption (39.1%, compared to 14.8% of primary care and 12.5% of surgical specialties, P<.001).

Conclusions

Personal device access and department specialty were major factors associated with high telephone and video visit adoption among safety-net clinicians. Desire for training was associated with lower video visit use. Secure device access, clinician technical trainings, and department-wide assessments are priorities for safety-net systems implementing telemedicine.
The Essential Network (TEN): Protocol for an Implementation Study of a Digital-First Mental Health Solution for Australian Health Care Workers During COVID-19
Authors: Coleshill Matthew James , Baldwin Peter , Black Melissa , Newby Jill , Shrestha Tanya , Haffar Sam , Mills Llewellyn , Stensel Andrew , Cockayne Nicole , Tennant Jon , Harvey Samuel , Christensen Helen
Published: January 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed health care workers (HCWs) under severe stress, compounded by barriers to seeking mental health support among HCWs. The Essential Network (TEN) is a blend of digital and person-to-person (blended care) mental health support services for HCWs, funded by the Australian Federal Department of Health as part of their national COVID-19 response strategy. TEN is designed as both a preventative measure and treatment for common mental health problems faced by HCWs. New blended services need to demonstrate improvements in mental health symptoms and test acceptability in their target audience, as well as review implementation strategies to improve engagement.

Objective

The primary objective of this implementation study is to design and test an implementation strategy to improve uptake of TEN. The secondary objectives are examining the acceptability of TEN among HCWs, changes in mental health outcomes associated with the use of TEN, and reductions in mental health stigma among HCWs following the use of TEN.

Methods

The implementation study contains 3 components: (1) a consultation study with up to 39 stakeholders or researchers with implementation experience to design an implementation strategy, (1) a longitudinal observational study of at least 105 HCWs to examine the acceptability of TEN and the effectiveness of TEN at 1 and 6 months in improving mental health (as assessed by the Distress Questionnaire [DQ-5], Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9], Generalized Anxiety Disorder [GAD-7], Oldenburg Burnout Inventory [OBI-16], and Work and Social Adjustment Scale [WSAS]) and reducing mental health stigma (the Endorsed and Anticipated Stigma Inventory [EASI]), and (3) an implementation study where TEN service uptake analytics will be examined for 3 months before and after the introduction of the implementation strategy.

Results

The implementation strategy, designed with input from the consultation and observational studies, is expected to lead to an increased number of unique visits to the TEN website in the 3 months following the introduction of the implementation strategy. The observational study is expected to observe high service acceptability. Moderate improvements to general mental health (DQ-5, WSAS) and a reduction in workplace- and treatment-related mental health stigma (EASI) between the baseline and 1-month time points are expected.

Conclusions

TEN is a first-of-a-kind blended mental health service available to Australian HCWs. The results of this project have the potential to inform the implementation and development of blended care mental health services, as well as how such services can be effectively implemented during a crisis.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/34601
Web Portals for Patients With Chronic Diseases: Scoping Review of the Functional Features and Theoretical Frameworks of Telerehabilitation Platforms (Preprint)
Authors: Morimoto Yuh , Takahashi Tetsuya , Sawa Ryuichi , Saitoh Masakazu , Morisawa Tomoyuki , Kagiyama Nobuyuki , Kasai Takatoshi , Dinesen Birthe , Hollingdal Malene , Refsgaard Jens , Daida Hiroyuki
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has required an increased need for rehabilitation activities applicable to patients with chronic diseases. Telerehabilitation has several advantages, including reducing clinic visits by patients vulnerable to infectious diseases. Digital platforms are often used to assist rehabilitation services for patients in remote settings. Although web portals for medical use have existed for years, the technology in telerehabilitation remains a novel method.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review investigated the functional features and theoretical approaches of web portals developed for telerehabilitation in patients with chronic diseases.

METHODS

PubMed and Web of Science were reviewed to identify articles associated with telerehabilitation. Of the 477 nonduplicate articles reviewed, 35 involving 14 portals were retrieved for the scoping review. The functional features, targeted diseases, and theoretical approaches of these portals were studied.

RESULTS

The 14 portals targeted patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular, osteoarthritis, multiple sclerosis, cystic fibrosis diseases, and stroke and breast cancer survivors. Monitoring/data tracking and communication functions were the most common, followed by exercise instructions and diary/self-report features. Several theoretical approaches, behavior change techniques, and motivational techniques were found to be utilized.

CONCLUSIONS

The web portals could unify and display multiple types of data and effectively provide various types of information. Asynchronous correspondence was more favorable than synchronous, real-time interactions. Data acquisition often required assistance from other digital tools. Various functions with patient-centered principles, behavior change strategies, and motivational techniques were observed for better support shifting to a healthier lifestyle. These findings suggested that web portals for telerehabilitation not only provided entrance into rehabilitation programs but also reinforced participant-centered treatment, adherence to rehabilitation, and lifestyle changes over time.
General Practitioners’ Attitudes Toward Artificial Intelligence–Enabled Systems: Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Buck Christoph , Doctor Eileen , Hennrich Jasmin , Jöhnk Jan , Eymann Torsten
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

General practitioners (GPs) care for a large number of patients with various diseases in very short timeframes under high uncertainty. Thus, systems enabled by artificial intelligence (AI) are promising and time-saving solutions that may increase the quality of care.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to understand GPs’ attitudes toward AI-enabled systems in medical diagnosis.

METHODS

We interviewed 18 GPs from Germany between March 2020 and May 2020 to identify determinants of GPs’ attitudes toward AI-based systems in diagnosis. By analyzing the interview transcripts, we identified 307 open codes, which we then further structured to derive relevant attitude determinants.

RESULTS

We merged the open codes into 21 concepts and finally into five categories: concerns, expectations, environmental influences, individual characteristics, and minimum requirements of AI-enabled systems. Concerns included all doubts and fears of the participants regarding AI-enabled systems. Expectations reflected GPs’ thoughts and beliefs about expected benefits and limitations of AI-enabled systems in terms of GP care. Environmental influences included influences resulting from an evolving working environment, key stakeholders’ perspectives and opinions, the available information technology hardware and software resources, and the media environment. Individual characteristics were determinants that describe a physician as a person, including character traits, demographic characteristics, and knowledge. In addition, the interviews also revealed the minimum requirements of AI-enabled systems, which were preconditions that must be met for GPs to contemplate using AI-enabled systems. Moreover, we identified relationships among these categories, which we conflate in our proposed model.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides a thorough understanding of the perspective of future users of AI-enabled systems in primary care and lays the foundation for successful market penetration. We contribute to the research stream of analyzing and designing AI-enabled systems and the literature on attitudes toward technology and practice by fostering the understanding of GPs and their attitudes toward such systems. Our findings provide relevant information to technology developers, policymakers, and stakeholder institutions of GP care.
Collaborative challenges of multi-cohort project in pharmacogenetics: why time is essential for meaningful collaborations (Preprint)
Authors: Franchini Filippo , Kusejko Katharina , Marzolini Catia , Tellenbach Christoph , Rossi Simona , Stampf Susanne , Koller Michael , Stoyanov Jivko , Möller Burkhard , Leichtle Alexander Benedikt
Published: January 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Multi-cohort projects in medicine provide an opportunity to investigate scientific questions beyond the boundaries of a single institution, and to increase sample size for more reliable results. However, the complications of these kinds of collaborations arise during management, with many administrative hurdles. Hands-on approaches and lessons learned from previous collaborations provide solutions for optimized collaboration models. Here, we use our experience in running the Swiss multi-cohort project PGX-link to show the strategy we used to tackle different challenges from project set up to getting the relevant permits, including ethic approval. We put PGX-link into an international context, since our struggles were to some extent similar to those encountered during the SYNCHROS project. We provide ad-hoc solutions for each cohort, general project management strategies, and suggestions for unified protocols between cohorts that would ease current management hurdles. Project managers are not necessarily familiar with medical projects, and even if they are, they are not aware of the intricacies behind decision making, and consequently of the time needed to set up multi-cohort collaborations. This paper is meant to be a brief overview of what we went through with our multi-cohort project and provides the necessary practices for future managers.
Анализ критериев выбора способа остеосинтеза внесуставных переломов костей голени (ретроспективное исследование)
Authors: Klimovitsky V.G. , Chernysh V.Yu. , Lafi Khatem , Tantsyura V.P.
Published: January 2022

В основу исследования положен ретроспективный анализ причин, определявших выбор варианта остеосинтеза у 101 пострадавшего со 102 внесуставными переломами костей голени. Хирургическое вмешательство осуществлялось с использованием наружного чрескостного остеосинтеза, накостного остеосинтеза и блокируемого интрамедуллярного остеосинтеза. Выявлены факторы, определявшие предпочтительное использование одного из перечисленных вариантов остеосинтеза в зависимости от типа перелома, его локализации, наличия политравмы и ряда иных особенностей клинической ситуации. Полученные данные могут быть использованы при разработке дифференцированного подхода к выбору тактики лечения переломов костей данной локализации.
Антибиотикотерапия у больных с травматическим остеомиелитом длинных костей и гнойными артритами на современном этапе
Authors: Rushay A.K.
Published: January 2022

В работе представлены современные особенности определения возбудителей и их чувствительности к антибактериальным препаратам, сформулированы принципы антибиотикотерапии. Определена эффективность в комплексном лечении.
Возрастные особенности минеральной плотности костной ткани бедренной кости у женщин Донецкой области
Authors: Povoroznyuk V.V. , Klimovitsky F.V. , Dzerovich N.I.
Published: January 2022

В статье представлены нормативные данные минеральной плотности костной ткани бедренной кости для женщин, проживающих в Донецкой области. Обследованы 593 здоровые женщины в возрасте 20–84 года. Исследования проводились в центре проблем остеопороза (НИИТО Донецкого национального медицинского университета им. М. Горького). Минеральную плотность костной ткани шейки бедренной кости, бедренной кости определяли с помощью двухэнергетического денситометра Discovery QPR, Bedford, США. В результате исследования установлено, что возраст оказывает существенное влияние на показатели МПКТ. Пика костной массы обследуемые женщины достигали в третьем десятилетии. Потеря костной ткани увеличивалась с наступлением постменопаузального периода. Частота остеопороза бедренной кости увеличивалась с возрастом. Создана первая в Украине нормативная база для денситометра Discovery QPR.
Діагностика кістково-суглобового туберкульозу на сучасному етапі розвитку медицини (огляд літератури)
Authors: Golka G.G. , Istomin A.G. , Golka T.G. , Ryabov O.V. , Sencheva T.V.
Published: January 2022

Підвищення ефективності ранньої діагностики кістково-суглобового туберкульозу — одне з основних завдань у боротьбі з цією хворобою. Класичні методи етіологічної діагностики туберкульозу, такі як бактеріоскопічний, культуральний, імуноферментний, цитологічний, відрізняються або недостатньою чутливістю, або тривалістю дослідження. Незважаючи на поширення сучасних високоінформативних методів променевої діагностики запальних уражень опорно-рухового апарату, таких як ультрасонографія, комп’ютерна та магнітно-резонансна томографія, суттєвого покращення ситуації не відбулось. Аналіз літературних даних показав, що для ідентифікації і типування мікобактерій у випадках позалегеневої локалізації туберкульозу перспективне застосування полімеразної ланцюгової реакції. Розрізненість і суперечливість публікацій, присвячених можливостям молекулярно-генетичних методів для ранньої діагностики кістково-суглобового туберкульозу, обумовлює необхідність подальших наукових розробок у цьому напрямку.
Черезкістковий остеосинтез при травмах та захворюваннях опорно-рухового апарату
Authors: Klimovitsky V.G. , Chernysh V.I.
Published: January 2022

Зовнішній черезкістковий остеосинтез (ЧКО, external osteosynthesis — за інтернаціональною термінологією) є одним із методів лікування хворих та постраждалих ортопедо-травматологічного профілю. Його відмінність від так званих заглибних варіантів остеосинтезу (internal osteosynthesis) полягає в наявності зовнішніх конструкцій (кільцеві опори, рамки та ін.), розташованих над шкірою, та елементів зв’язку апарата з кісткою (спиці, стрижні), що проводяться через кістку (кісткові уламки) і фіксуються в зовнішній конструкції. За рахунок маніпуляцій із зовнішньою конструкцією або окремими елементами зв’язку апарата з кісткою є можливість різнопланового впливу на кісткові уламки не лише безпосередньо в період самого оперативного втручання, але й протягом усього періоду перебування хворого в апараті. Так, можуть здійснюватися: стабільна фіксація в заданому положенні, переміщення окремих уламків, зміна режиму компресії або дистракції, отримання дистракційного регенерату шляхом дозованої дистракції за методом Г.А. Ілізарова та ін.
Повышение эффективности комбинированного лечения пострадавших с политравмой голени в раннем периоде травматической болезни
Authors: Klimovitsky V.G. , Shpachenko N.N. , Abdullah Al Shobaky Salem , Zolotukhin S.Ye. , Bayeshko A.A.
Published: January 2022

На основании анализа материалов лечения 109 пострадавших с переломами костей голени в составе политравмы, тяжести их состояния, оценки времени выполнения операций, объема и состава инфузионной терапии и фармакопротекции уточнены закономерности течения и исходов травматической болезни. Разработана система оценки эффективности медицинской помощи в раннем периоде травматической болезни в баллах. Эта система имеет прогностическое значение, поскольку позволяет по оценочным критериям (полученным по приводимым формулам и таблице) подбирать нужный объем и состав лечебных мероприятий. При выполнении требований, имеющих высокую балльную оценку, наблюдается повышение эффективности медицинской помощи. При этом точность совпадения прогнозируемых результатов терапии составляет 90,9 % (p < 0,05).
Біомеханічні особливості функціонування пальців кистей в умовах деформації при застарілих ушкодженнях сухожилків розгиначів
Authors: Naumenko L.Yu. Naumenko L.Yu. , Bondaruk D.A. , Pavlenko I.D. Pavlenko I.D.
Published: January 2022

У статті наведені результати проведених експериментальних досліджень функціонування променевих кісток кисті при наявності типових деформацій, що виникають у випадках застарілих ушкоджень сухожилків розгиначів. Установлено функціональний дисбаланс згинально-розгинальних зусиль за наявності деформацій за типом бутоньєрки й «шиї лебедя». Об’єктивізовано зсув пікових навантажень в епіметафізарних зонах суміжних сегментів в умовах деформації.
Жесткостные и прочностные характеристики различных марок костного цемента на основе полиметилметакрилата и их изменение со временем
Authors: Loskutov О.А. , Vasilchenko Ye.V. , Ambrazhey М.Yu.
Published: January 2022

В работе изложена методика определения модуля упругости при механических испытаниях костных цементов на сжатие. Представлены результаты исследований механических свойств костных цементов различных производителей при испытании на сжатие и зависимость параметров прочности и жесткости от времени выдержки после полимеризации. В результате исследования было выявлено, что все четыре марки исследуемых костных цементов соответствуют нормативным требованиям ГОСТ ISO 5833-2011, а лучшим комплексом свойств обладает костный цемент Cemex Rx.
Діагностика гетеротопічної осифікації у хворих із пошкодженням спинного мозку
Authors: Bystrytska M.A. , Povorozniuk V.V.
Published: January 2022

Нейрогенна гетеротопічна осифікація (ГО) характеризується утворенням нової додаткової кісткової тканини у м’яких тканинах, що оточують периферичні суглоби, у хворих із неврологічними розладами. Метою дослідження було визначити особливості ремоделювання кісткової тканини у пацієнтів із хребетно-спинномозковою травмою (ХСМТ) та виділити показники, специфічні для розвитку ГО. Методи. Визначення маркерів ремоделювання кісткової тканини в периферичній крові — остеокальцин, P1NP, С-телопептид зшивок колагену І типу (β-CTX) — проводилось за допомогою електрохемілюмінесцентного методу на аналізаторі Eleсsys 2010 (Roche Diagnostics, Німеччина) за допомогою тест-систем cobas. У дослідження були включені 23 пацієнти з тяжкою ХСМТ (Frankel A, B) з тривалістю посттравматичного періоду від 3 до 12 місяців (середній вік 26,8 ± 3,9 року) — група І та 23 практично здорові особи — група ІІ (середній вік 30,6 ± 6,0 року); групи були порівнянні за віком та статтю. Група І була розподілена на дві підгрупи залежно від наявності ГО: підгрупа І — пацієнти з ХСМТ та ГО (n = 11), підгрупа ІІ — пацієнти з ХСМТ без ГО (n = 12). Результати обстеження показали, що пацієнти першої групи мали значно вищі маркери ремоделювання кісткової тканини, ніж особи контрольної групи: P1NP (256,7 ± 48,2 нг/мл і 49,3 ± 5,1 нг/мл відповідно, p < 0,001), β-CTX (1,47 ± 0,23 і 0,45 ± 0,04 нг/мл відповідно, p < 0,001), остеокальцин (52,2 ± 9,8 нг/мл і 24,9 ± 2,08 нг/мл відповідно, p< 0,001). Серед хворих із ХСМТ у пацієнтів із ГО рівні маркерів метаболізму кісткової тканини були значно вищими порівняно з пацієнтами, які не мали ГО: P1NP (404,9 ± 84,9 нг/мл і 133,2 ± 15,7 нг/мл відповідно, p < 0,001), β-CTX (1,75 ± 0,23 і 0,28 ± 0,14 нг/мл відповідно, p < 0,0001), остеокальцин (87,1 ± 18,9 нг/мл і 29,4 ± 3,7 нг/мл відповідно, p < 0,001). Висновок: маркери формування і резорбції кісткової тканини у пацієнтів першої групи були значно вищими, ніж у здорових осіб відповідного віку. Показники маркерів кісткового метаболізму в пацієнтів із ГO були вірогідно вищими, ніж у пацієнтів без ГO, і процеси формування кісткової тканини переважали над процесами резорбції у пацієнтів із ГO.