bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimating criteria for mining profitability predicting
Authors: Reshetnyak S. P. , Vedrova D. A.
Published: January 2020

The development of mineral resources deposits, whether it is open pit or underground mining, involves a large amount of initial investment, much of which is spent on building the infrastructure of the future enterprise. Capital investments will be the greater, the farther the deposit is located from regional centers, settlements, the more complex the structure of the deposit itself is. Modern market economy reality makes the question of equity distribution opportunities on mining one of the most pressing. Participation in the tender for the license acquisition, despite the antitrust policy of the state in this area, can be afforded mostly only by representatives of large businesses, while small regional companies are left to deal with less attractive deposits in terms of investment in the development. The authors of the article have analyzed and ranked the main factors affecting the profitability of mineral deposit development during the period prior to its commissioning, with the aim of offering a method of economic support and incentives for business representatives who are ready to take specific mining risks. Based on the considered factors, a classification of deposits according to the profitability of mining was developed, the use of which can give a more accurate description of the proposed subsoil use areas by the level of necessary investments in the construction of a mining enterprise. The authors have proposed an economic mechanism to stimulate regional subsoil users who are ready to develop deposits of mineral resources that are risky in terms of long-term investment. A refund ratio is proposed – which part of the license cost for subsoil use is supposed to be returned, during the construction of the enterprise period, before it reaches its planned capacity.
La indiferencia hacia la democracia en América Latina
Authors: Monsivais-Carrillo Alejandro
Published: January 2020

A pesar del creciente descontento con la política, manifiesto en las democracias emergentes y consolidadas por igual, el apoyo ciudadano hacia la democracia parecía estable en la mayoría de los países. Recientemente, sin embargo, algunos estudios han encontrado indicios de un aumento en el desapego hacia los valores e instituciones democráticos. El presente estudio argumenta que una manifestación específica del distanciamiento hacia la democracia es la indiferencia política: la opinión de que da lo mismo vivir en un régimen democrático que en uno autoritario. Este planteamiento se basa en un análisis de cuatro encuestas realizadas en 18 países de América Latina entre 2013 y 2017. La evidencia muestra que, si bien la preferencia por la democracia es mayoritaria en la región, se trata de una mayoría poco robusta. Un segmento considerable de la población, no obstante, se declara indiferente antes que inclinarse por el autoritarismo. El análisis indica que la indiferencia política está asociada con un mayor descontento con el desempeño del sistema político. Asimismo, es más probable que las personas que se declaran indiferentes confíen menos en los demás, que sean mujeres o jóvenes, que tengan un bajo nivel educativo o que tengan un menor bienestar en el hogar. Estos resultados sugieren que, para un número considerable de ciudadanos, la democracia es un referente abstracto que difícilmente alcanza motivar apego político.
Afrodescendientes e indígenas vulnerables al cambio climático: desacuerdos frente a medidas preventivas estatales ecuatorianas
Authors: Salinas-Castro Rosa Victoria , Cevallos William , Levy Karen
Published: January 2020

El presente artículo analiza la situación de la provincia de Esmeraldas, ubicada al noroeste del Ecuador, y poblada por afrodescendientes e indígenas chachi. Esta provincia es una de las más afectadas por la alta frecuencia e intensidad de inundaciones, las cuales ocasionan innumerables pérdidas materiales, económicas y humanas. El objetivo de este estudio es reconocer la situación de las mencionadas poblaciones, identificar sus prácticas y representaciones, analizar cómo se generan condiciones de vulnerabilidad frente a los riesgos ocasionados por las inundaciones, así como identificar los direccionamientos bajo los cuales las instituciones gubernamentales han desarrollado políticas de prevención y adaptación ante este tipo de desastres. El estudio utiliza una metodología cualitativa de tipo exploratoria y descriptiva para dar cuenta de la problemática experimentada, identificando que estas poblaciones reconocen el nivel de vulnerabilidad y riesgo del área, pero siguen manteniendo su forma de vida porque su accionar responde a construcciones socioculturales y económicas propias. En este sentido, se concluye que las medidas preventivas entregadas por el Estado, con proyectos de reubicación de las poblaciones, son sesgadas, segmentadas y autoritarias. La falta de comunicación, respeto y entendimiento de las formas de interacción de la comunidad son, en gran parte, la razón del fracaso de estas iniciativas.
Book Review: Copyright Conversations: Rights Literacy in a Digital World
Authors: Freeman Amie Dillard
Published: January 2020

The topic of copyright is rarely far from a librarian's mind. Practitioners must navigate creator and user rights within the constraints of complex license and contract agreements in digital environments. Librarians have to understand, explain, educate, and apply copyright law on a regular basis, often without formal training. Copyright Conversations: Rights Literacy in a Digital World is a notable work that endeavors to summarize, explain, and comment on many of the complicated copyright-related topics that librarians encounter in the digital realm.
Sağlık Otelciliğinde Hizmet Kalitesinin Marka Performansı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: UNURLU Çiğdem
Published: January 2020

Üretilen mal ve hizmetlerin tüketicilerin beklentilerini karşılama derecesi olarak nitelendirilen hizmet kalitesinin hastane otelciliğinde kilit bir rolü bulunmaktadır. Bu bakımdan çalışmanın amacı, hastaların bakış açısından sağlık otelciliğinde hizmet kalitesini ölçmek ve hizmet kalitesinin hastanenin performansına olan etkisini tespit etmektir. Bu amaçla, 2018 yılı içerisinde Edirne, Çorlu ve Tekirdağ’da bulunan özel ve kamu hastanelerinden hizmet almış 500 kişiye soru formu dağıtılmıştır. Kolayda örnekleme ve yüz yüze anket yöntemi ile toplam 412 analiz edilebilir anket elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde öncelikle ölçeklerin her biri için bir dizi faktör analizi yapılmış, sonrasında ise araştırma kapsamında önerilen model çoklu regresyon analizi ile test edilmiştir. Regresyon analizi sonucunda hizmet kalitesinin marka performansındaki değişkenliğin %66’sını açıkladığı ve marka performansındaki değişkenliği açıklayan boyutların önem sırasıyla fiziki kaynaklar (%25), empati (%23), yeteneklilik (%19), heveslilik (%16) ve güvenirlilik (%11) olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Post burn neck contracture: an algorithm for choosing the ideal surgical method of management
Authors: Hassan Medhat S.
Published: January 2020

Background: The aim of the study is to facilitate choosing the surgical technique that will be suitable for improving both function and aesthetics of each patient through this suggested algorithm system.  Any post burn neck contracture usually causes severe impairment of function and aesthetics, which causes serous psychological and social problems. That’s why it is very important to sub-categorize this type of deformity by anatomical location and cause of burn to allow choosing the ideal method of surgical management.Methods: This is a prospective study which was performed in Plastic Surgery Department, Menoufia University Hospitals over the period from March 2017 to March 2019. The study included 30 patients suffering post burn neck contracture deformities.Results: Patients were carefully examined, and the post burn neck deformities were analyzed according to age, condition of skin at the contracture site, the range of sternomastoid muscles movement at both sides of the neck and patient's general condition. Patients were given scores and categorized into 4 grades. And according to each patient's grade, the suitable surgical technique was chosen and fulfilled. 25 patients showed great satisfaction to their post operative’s outcomes and the rest were poorly satisfied.Conclusions: Application of patients with post burn neck contractures to this algorithm system will make it easy to choose the ideal method of management and gain the best surgical results possible when performing surgical correction.
Sphingosine 1-phosphate is a blood constituent released from activated platelets, possibly playing a variety of physiological and pathophysiological roles.
Authors: Igarashi Y , Yatomi Y
Published: January 2020

We have found that sphingosine 1-phosphate (Sph-1-P) acts as an autocrine stimulator of platelets, being abundantly stored in platelets and released extracellularly, and that its exogenous addition induces platelet activation (Yatomi et al., Blood 1995, 86, 193-202) through a specific receptor on the platelet surface (Yatomi et al., J. Biol. Chem. 1997, 272, 5291-5297). Very recently, we identified Sph-1-P as a normal constituent of human plasma and serum. Sph-1-P levels in plasma and serum were 191+/-79 and 484+/-82 pmol/ml (mean +/- S.D., n = 8), respectively. Platelets are most likely the source of Sph-1-P discharged during blood clotting, since they abundantly store Sph-1-P as compared with other blood cells, and release considerable amounts of stored Sph-1-P extracellularly upon stimulation. The Sph-1-P released from activated platelets may be involved in a variety of physiological processes, including thrombosis, atherosclerosis, and wound healing. Moreover, we often observed that Sph-1-P injection into mice (iv., 10 mg/kg) caused immediate rigor and death. This may be related to the recent observations from an other laboratory that nanomolar concentrations of Sph-1-P affected atrial myocyte K+ channel. These observations taken together strongly suggest pathophysiological roles of the released Sph-1-P in the blood. As one example, we found that Sph-1-P content in the plasma of platelet concentrates correlated with poor platelet increments after transfusion and with the occurrence of transfusion reactions in patients.
Globotriaosyl ceramide (Gb3) expression in human tumour cells: intracellular trafficking defines a new retrograde transport pathway from the cell surface to the nucleus, which correlates with sensitivity to verotoxin.
Authors: Lingwood C A , Khine A A , Arab S
Published: January 2020

The verotoxin receptor globotriaosyl ceramide (Gb3) is overexpressed in an ovarian tumour resistant to chemotherapy. An overlay of frozen tumour sections shows extensive staining of the tumour cells with verotoxin B subunit. In addition, blood vessels within the tumour mass are stained. The sensitivity of ovarian tumour cells in vitro to verotoxin can be modulated by culturing the cells in sodium butyrate to obtain an approximately 5000-fold increase in susceptibility. This increased susceptibility is correlated with the intracellular targeting of verotoxin as monitored by using FITC-VT B subunit, in that prior to sodium butyrate treatment the toxin is internalized to a juxtanuclear (likely) Golgi location whereas, following butyrate treatment the intracellular toxin is distributed around the nucleus, consistent with endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope location. This perinuclear location is similar to that found for drug-resistant variants of ovarian tumour cell lines. These results suggest that intracellular targeting of verotoxin to the perinuclear area results in increased cytotoxicity. Potentially such targeting may also occur in other human tumours.
Contradictory functions of sulfatide in the blood coagulation system as coagulant and anticoagulant.
Authors: Kyogashima M , Onaya J , Hara A , Taketomi T
Published: January 2020

Sulfatide (galactosylceramide I3 -sulfate) has been reported to activate blood coagulation factor XII (Hageman factor), which suggests that it exhibits coagulant activity (Fujikama et al., 1980 Biochemistry 19, 1322-1330) However, sulfatide administered into animals as a bolus shot without subsequent thrombus formation, prolonged conventional clotting times and bleeding time (Hara et al., 1996 Glycoconjugate J. 13, 187-194). These findings suggest that it may exhibit anticoagulant rather than coagulant activity. Following this suggestion we found in vitro that binding of sulfatide to fibrinogen resulted in disturbance of fibrin formation. To examine a possible pharmacological effect of sulfatide on blood coagulation in vivo we continuously infused sulfatide into rats through plastic cannulae and found formation of giant thrombi around the tips of the cannulae. These data suggest that sulfatide may exhibit contradictory functions in the blood coagulation system.
Implication of glycolipids in lens fiber development.
Authors: Ogiso M
Published: January 2020

Mammalian lens contains Lewis(x), sialyl-Lewis(x) and alpha-galactosyl epitopes in neolactoseries glycosphingolipids. The expression of these three epitopes is not observed in lens epithelial cells, but is immunohistochemically detected in the inner cortical fibers and the lens nucleus. In embryonic chick lens, sialyl-Lewis(x)-containing gangliosides were also detected in the transitional zone and elongating lens fibers. Thus, the Lewis(x), sialyl-Lewis(x) and alpha- galactosyl epitopes may be associated with the differentiation and maturation of lens epithelial cells to lens fibers.
DNA repair of adriamycin induced damage in mouse and human cells differing in catalase activity.
Authors: Gruber B M , Anuszewska E L
Published: January 2020

Catalase is known to counteract cytotoxic effect of adriamycin, used as an anti-neoplastic drug. In cells with low catalase activity no repair of adriamycin induced lesions was observed up to 48 h post treatment. In cells with high catalase activity after 48 h the repair was either complete or partial depending on the human or mouse cell type used.
The assessment of DNA damage in lymphocytes of wooden furniture workers.
Authors: Palus J , Dziubałtowska E , Rydzyński K
Published: January 2020

Single-strand breaks (SSB) and DNA repair were detected in peripheral lymphocytes derived from workers of a furniture factory in a non-polluted region of Poland. The workers were exposed to wood dust (n = 19), or to the dust and varnishes or lacquers together (n = 5). Four groups were studied simultaneously: (a) exposed workers smokers of cigarettes (n = 14), (b) nonexposed smokers--control (n = 14), (c) exposed workers' nonsmokers (n = 14), (d) exposed nonsmokers (n = 10). In exposed workers DNA SSB and DNA repair were statistically significantly increased. DNA SSB was clearly higher in the smoking workers than in the smoking controls. Cigarette smoking itself has produced no evident increase in the frequency of DNA SSB in the control group. Occupational exposure had a significant effect on DNA repair in non stimulated lymphocytes both in smoking and nonsmoking workers.
Effect of DNA-interacting drugs on phage T7 RNA polymerase.
Authors: Piestrzeniewicz M , Studzian K , Wilmańska D , Płucienniczak G , Gniazdowski M
Published: January 2020

9-Aminoacridine carboxamide derivatives studied here form with DNA intercalative complexes which differ in the kinetics of dissociation. Inhibition of total RNA synthesis catalyzed by phage T7 and Escherichia coli DNA-dependent RNA polymerases correlates with the formation of slowly dissociating acridine-DNA complex of time constant of 0.4-2.3 s. Their effect on RNA synthesis is compared with other ligands which form with DNA stable complexes of different steric properties. T7 RNA polymerase is more sensitive to distamycin A and netropsin than the E. coli enzyme while less sensitive to actinomycin D. Actinomycin induces terminations in the transcript synthesized by T7 RNA polymerase. Despite low dissociation rates of DNA complexes with acridines and pyrrole antibiotics no drug dependent terminations are observed with these ligands.
Comparison of repair activity in different genomic regions.
Authors: Chakalova L , Russev G
Published: January 2020

We have developed a quantitative technique to determine repair activity at defined genomic regions. Cells were treated with hydroxyurea to inhibit the replicative DNA synthesis and were incubated with 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) to label the regions undergoing repair. In the course of the labelling, the regions that were more actively repaired would incorporate more BrdUrd than the regions that were less actively repaired. Thus the kinetics of BrdUrd incorporation in the different sequences would reflect the kinetics of reparation of the respective regions. The total BrdUrd-containing, repaired DNA was isolated by immunoprecipitation with anti-BrdUrd antibody, and after controlled sonication, it was used as a template in quantitative PCR in which the amount of the product was directly proportional to the amount of template. This approach was used to address the question whether DNA repair after UV irradiation occurs in an uniformly random manner, or with preferences for certain regions. We found that, in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, the repair efficiency was higher at the 5' end of the mouse beta-globin domain than in the rest of the domain.
Formation of DNA etheno adducts in rodents and humans and their role in carcinogenesis.
Authors: Barbin A
Published: January 2020

Ethenobases are exocyclic adducts formed with DNA by some environmental carcinogens such as vinyl chloride or urethane. In the last few years, they have received a renewed interest due to the development of sensitive techniques of analysis that made it possible to measure their formation in vivo. This minireview summarizes the information gained recently from the work of several laboratories, including ours. Increased levels of DNA etheno adducts have been measured in target tissues from rodents exposed to vinyl chloride or urethane. Hepatic tumours caused by exposure to vinyl chloride in humans and in rats and lung tumours induced by urethane in mice exhibit base pair substitution mutations in the ras and p53 genes which seem to be exposure-specific and consistent with the promutagenic properties of ethenobases. Background levels of etheno adducts have been detected in DNA from non-exposed humans or animals, pointing to an alternative, endogenous pathway of formation. This background may be affected by dietary factors. It could arise from the reaction of trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (or its epoxide 2,3-epoxy-4-hydroxynonanal), a lipid peroxidation product, with nucleic acid bases. Elevated levels of etheno adducts are found in hepatic DNA from humans and rodents with genetic predisposition to oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in the liver, and with an associated increased risk of liver cancer. These data suggest that DNA ethenobases could serve as new biomarkers of oxidative stress/lipid peroxidation.
“Corpoterritorialização” Katukina: lampejos etnográficos sob as perspectivas femininas indígenas
Authors: Barboza Myrian Sá Leitão , Tukano Larissa Duarte Ye’padiho , Waiwai Jaime Xamen
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo, propomos o conceito de “corpoterritorialização”, fundamentado nas perspectivas femininas indígenas, porque acreditamos que a territorialização se constitui como um processo corporal onde corpos e fluidos femininos contagiam, direcionam e regulam a coexistência indígena com e entre o território, e seus constituintes. Assim,argumentamos que as/os Katukina (território Rio Biá, Amazonas) constroem e reconstroem ativamente seus mundos sociais e físicos conceitualizados em termos de gênero e corporalidade, embora sejam influenciados por diferentes marcadores, incluindo espiritualidade, parentesco, mobilidade, dieta, entre outros. Baseado nos movimentos (cotidianos e sazonais) e nas cosmopoéticas de gênero Katukina, além da retomada do “território epistêmico” feminino indígena, demonstramos a importância feminina e a complementaridade na territorialização, timidamente retratada na academia.
Aspectos de matrilateralidade em um sistema de nominação patrilinear: explorando formulações de gênero e pessoa entre os Tukano
Authors: Santos Fabiane Vinente
Published: January 2020

O artigo aborda a nominação das crianças filhas de pai não indígena (pehkasã, nome pelo qual os não indígenas são chamados em Tukano) e mãe Tukano. Chamadas de moregi (misturadas), estas crianças, pelos princípios de nominação, não teriam direito a um dos nomes do estoque masculino (bahseke wame), uma vez que seus pais são pehkasã e nãopossuem vinculação clânica nem nome para lhes legar. Contudo, a nominação destas crianças é possibilitada por um arranjo familiar – o pai da mãe (FM) atua como nominador matrilateral. Meu objetivo é explorar as consequências deste arranjo matrilateral, imprevisto no parentesco Tukano, e utilizar tal “inovação” para discutir alguns pontos sobre as transformações na questão de gênero no noroeste amazônico. Somente tomando a sério as diferenças de enfoque nas perspectivas masculinas e femininas, seria possível explicar o arranjo.
Sangue menstrual na sociedade Karipuna do Amapá, Brasil
Authors: Primo dos Santos Soares Ana Manoela
Published: January 2020

Este artigo foi elaborado por uma mulher indígena, pertencente ao povo Karipuna do Amapá e com formação na área de antropologia, onde atua em pesquisas colaborativas com as mulheres de seu povo. O texto trata sobre como o djispoze (menstruação) molda as tx ifam Karipuna (meninas) em jonfi e fam (moças e mulheres), assim como tal fluido pode interferir em aspectosdo cotidiano das fam, discutindo, ainda, os cuidados que devem ser observados, os perigos que ele pode proporcionar e as relações entre humanos e não humanos e de parentesco que o sangue menstrual gera.
Sobre mulheres brabas: ritual, gênero e perspectiva
Authors: Santos Julia Otero
Published: January 2020

O chão etnográfico deste artigo é o Wayo ‘at Kanã, uma festa de mulheres realizada pelos Karo-Arara. Ofereço uma descrição e uma análise do ritual, por acreditar que, neste espaço-tempo, a agência feminina se faz mostrar em uma outra face, avessa a qualquer caracterização de domesticidade, interioridade ou consanguinidade, atribuições ordinárias para o universo feminino na etnologia sul-americana. O que esta festa faz aparecer, quando lida do ponto de vista de uma outra festa com a qual mantém uma relação um tanto quanto especular, é a alteridade imanente à posição feminina e à capacidade predatória das mulheres. A reflexão aqui apresentada também é uma formulação inicial sobre a relação entre perspectiva e gênero. A partir da interpretação do ritual, presumo a existência de uma variação entre um (ou dois) ponto(s) de vista determinado(s) pelo gênero e um ponto de vista humano, que eclipsa o gênero.
Does institutional ownership moderate the effect of intellectual capital and company value?
Authors: Paputungan Rahmita Dwinesia , Subroto Bambang , Ghofar Abdul
Published: January 2020

This study aims to empirically examine the influence of intellectual capital towards company value and also its influence while being moderated by institutional ownership. This study uses purposive sampling to determine samples from manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during the year of 2014–2018. The total sample obtained in this study is 301 from the 720 population of data throughout the research year. Data analysis techniques use multiple regression and moderated regression analysis (MRA) methods. The results of this study show that Intellectual Capital has a positive significant effect on company value while institutional ownership does not have a significant effect on moderating the influence of intellectual capital towards company value. The practical implication of this study is to provide information to managers or owners of public manufacturing companies and investors about the importance of intangible assets investment like intellectual capital as the competitive strategies to achieve more optimal company value, as well as for regulator to make clear regulations about the disclosures of intangible assets.
Organizational culture effectiveness in Islamic based broadcast company in Indonesia
Authors: Arumi Mira Sekar
Published: January 2020

This survey aims to assess the effectiveness of Islamic organizational culture currently applied in a broadcasting company in Indonesia. This study will evaluate its strengths and weaknesses, as future developments and organizational changes references. To achieve this goal, data were collected from all 45 employees, using the Denison Organizational Culture Survey (DOCS). This survey measures cultural indexes incorporated into four organizational cultural traits that have been proven to sustain a strong influence on organizational effectiveness: involvement, consistency, adaptability and mission (Denison, 2014). The measurement results indicate that measured organizational culture has a greater focus on the internal aspects, like employee performance, than external aspects such as customer satisfaction and innovation. Furthermore, the Islamic organizational culture used, obtains quite optimal measurement results, at consistency and involvement trait which able to achieve scores at the third and fourth quartiles. However, organizations still need to optimize adaptability and mission traits, which scores only capable to achieve first and second quartiles. The lowest value obtained in the goals and objective index, also shows that organizations need to evaluate the clarity of short-term and long-term goals related to accomplishing the company's vision.
The origin of oil palm social conflict in Laman Satong, Ketapang, Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia
Authors: Haryono Slamet , Ismail Rizabuana , Lubis Zulkifli , Sismudjito Sismudjito , Amin Muryanto
Published: January 2020

This research aims to describe the process and reveal the origin of social conflict in the incoming oil palm investment. Twelve Subjects are involved in this research, located in Laman Satong Village, Ketapang District, Kalimantan Barat Province, Indonesia in February-May 2019. The results showed that a threat to society's identity meaning which depends on the forest was an origin of social conflict. The incoming of oil palm investment was considered as a threat because of the limited formal communication channel, through socialization meetings This limitation indicated to slow down their stock of knowledge renewal, that related to their future fate. Thus, it creates worries that caused resistance and internal community conflict itself. Academically this research contributes to establishing the social conflict theory and stock of knowledge concept in terms of conflict in the incoming of oil palm investment.
Work-family conflict and career development on performance of married women employees
Authors: Yusuf Ria Mardiana , Hasnidar Hasnidar
Published: January 2020

This research aims to analyze the direct and indirect effect of work-family conflict on performance and career development of married women bank employees. Work-family conflict is measured by using the indicator of work affect to family and family affect to work while performance is measured using indicators assessments: quality of work,  punctuality, attitude, and effectiveness. Career development is measured by indicators of education, training, reward and punishment, family support, and rotation. All assessment is based on self-evaluations.   Purposive sampling is used of 38 married women employees working in the state-owned bank, and using path analysis of PLS (partial least square) as a statistical analysis measurement combining with qualitative analysis to describe the results of statistical analysis for each independent variable and its effects on the dependent variable. The result of this study showed that work-family conflict has a negative effect on performance and career development. But performance has an insignificant effect on career development.
A link between top managers’ perception and corporate social responsibility
Authors: Tefera Milkiyas Ayele , Yuanqiong He , Luming Liu
Published: January 2020

Though it is called corporate social responsibility (CSR), it is the people in the organization particularly, top managers who develop and get implemented corporate social policies. Organization behavior is the reflection of their top managers. However, exploration of the role of top managers in spreading CSR in the organization is scant in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of top managers’ CSR perceptions on firm-level CSR in Ethiopia. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from 294 executive managers of four sectors, namely textile, food, bank, and floriculture industries. Multiple hierarchical regression and process macro 3.3 were employed to analyze the data with the aid of SPSS. The analysis reveals that top managers’ CSR perception is a significant predictor of firm-level CSR behaviors. The result also shows that corporate ethical culture fully mediates the relationship between top managers’ CSR perception and organization CSR. Moreover, transformational leadership has a moderating effect between the direct top managers’ CSR perception and firm-level CSR relationship.
Diversity perspectives in teamwork
Authors: Suryani Nanik , Rustiana Ade , Muhsin Muhsin , Rahmaningtyas Wisudani
Published: January 2020

This study aims to examine the implementation of diversity in different work teams. The observed aspects include the process of recruitment, cooperation between members, educational background, and division of workload. This research using a qualitative approach, interviews were conducted with 20 informants from 6 work teams. This study concludes that (i) the recruitment process was the absolute right of the leadership, (ii) Some work teams need members who have an educational background that is appropriate to their field of work, (iii) several junior lecturers complained about the quantity of work that was not comparable to other team members.
Extreme Learning Machine-Based Model for Solubility Estimation of Hydrocarbon Gases in Electrolyte Solutions
Authors: Nabipour Narjes , Mosavi Amir , Baghban Alireza , Shamshirband Shahaboddin , Felde Imre
Published: January 2020

Calculating hydrocarbon components solubility of natural gases is known as one of the important issues for operational works in petroleum and chemical engineering. In this work, a novel solubility estimation tool has been proposed for hydrocarbon gases including methane, ethane, propane and butane in aqueous electrolyte solutions based on extreme learning machine (ELM) algorithm. Comparing the ELM outputs with a comprehensive real databank which has 1175 solubility points concluded to R-squared values of 0.985 and 0.987 for training and testing phases respectively. Furthermore, the visual comparison of estimated and actual hydrocarbon solubility leaded to confirm the ability of proposed solubility model. Additionally, sensitivity analysis has been employed on the input variables of model to identify their impacts on hydrocarbon solubility. Such a comprehensive and reliable study can help engineers and scientists to successfully determine the important thermodynamic properties which are key factors in optimizing and designing different industrial units such as refineries and petrochemical plants.
Economic and Technical Considerations in Pursuing Green Building Certification: A Case Study from Iran
Authors: Amiri Ali , Ottelin Juudit , Sorvari Jaana , Junnila Seppo
Published: January 2020

Buildings use 30-40 % of all energy resources and are thus their main consumers in modern society. Moreover, buildings require a vast amount of different raw materials. During the last two decades, several green building certifications have been created in order to consider social, economic and environmental aspects of sustainability of buildings. One of the most famous and widely used of these certifications is Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). So far, the use of LEED has concentrated in the US and other developed countries. One reason that restricts the use of this point-based system certification in developing countries is the limited data about its costs. In this study, the extra cost of the certification process will be evaluated besides the changes needed in the design of the building to reach the points required by LEED. At the first stage, the number of points the case study earns in its current format (Scenario 1) were found out, then the cost difference of getting either the Certified (Scenario 2) or Silver (Scenario 3) level LEED certification for the building was studied. It was found that besides some technical considerations, filling the criteria of the Certified and Silver level increases the total costs of construction by 3.4% and 5.9%. Further improvement of the building’s energy efficiency would enable the attainment of a higher-level certification. The results of the study could help to promote the use of green building certifications in Western Asia.
Dual Nutrition Burden in Urban Women from Low Middle Income Families
Authors: Goel Anshi , Devi A. Thirumani , Kalaivani K. , Ramachandran Prema
Published: January 2020

 Currently India is experiencing dual nutrition burden. Prevalence of both under and over nutrition is reported to be higher in women as compared to men. Over nutrition rates in Delhi are among the highest in India. A mixed longitudinal study was undertaken to assess nutritional status of urban women from low middle income families. Between January 2015 and December 2017, 4155 non-pregnant non-lactating women were enrolled for this observational study. These women belonged to food secure low middle income families. They were living in highly congested urban localities in one or two room tenements and had no access to public spaces where they could go for walk or discretionary physical activities. In all women, height was measured at enrolment. Efforts were made to measure weight, mid upper arm, waist and hip circumferences once in three months. Prevalence of under nutrition (BMI < 18.5) in the 18-29 years age group was 12.1%, but 33.9% had BMI of ≥25. There was a progressive increase in over-nutrition, high waist and hip circumferences with increasing age; 68.4% of women aged 50 years and above were over-nourished. None of the undernourished women had waist circumference ≥ 80 cm; among the normally nourished 8.5% and in the over-nourished women 3/4th had waist circumference above 80cm. Hip circumference showed a similar trend but prevalence of ≥ 102 cm was lower. Prevalence of over nutrition, truncal and abdominal adiposity was high in women from Delhi low middle income families.
Shelf Life of Meat Using Edible Active Packaging Enriched Films
Authors: Srisuruthi M. D. , Balasasirekha R.
Published: January 2020

Packaging is one of the most important processes to preserve the quality of food. Edible polymer is an effective alternative to synthetic polymers. Active packaging is incorporating antimicrobials and/or antioxidants in packaging material. Application of these technologies can improve safety of foods. In this study active edible film was formulated and standardised with concentration of 2.25% of sodium alginate, 1% glycerol, 2% CaCl2. Meat was chosen as it is a widely used perishable food. Garlic, atibala and betel leaf were chosen as the sources of active compounds. Betel leaf extract infused films were found to be more acceptable over garlic and atibala infused films. Edible Films (EF) with varying concentrations of betel leaf extract was formulated namely EFS, EF10, EF20, EF30 and EF40. The impact of the extract infused films was studied for its physical and physico-chemical properties, sensory attributes, nutrient content and shelf life extension ability. Varying concentrations of betel leaf extract didn't influence the thickness of the film whereas the film with P.betel leaf extract showed higher grammature values than that of the film without antioxidants. There was a gradual increase in solubility and antioxidant activity as the concentration of P.betel leaf extract increased. The antioxidant activity of EF10, EF20, EF30 and EF40 are 37.12%, 38.48%, 42.37% and 42.89% respectively. Sensory evaluation indicated that EF20 and EF10 had good overall acceptability. Nutrient quality of EF40 was highest followed by the other three formulations EF30, EF20 and EF10 in decreasing fashion. EF20 had acceptable sensory attributes and also possessed better nutrient content with carotene 1.67 mg, iron 4.23 mg and calcium 0.29 g. The seven days total plate count study of meat packed with EF20 revealed higher bacterial count of 5.88±0.087 log CFU g-1 in control than the EF20 i.e., 3.32±0.081 log CFU g-1. The study concludes that the usage of plant based antioxidants and antimicrobials can be effective alternative replacing chemicals used as food packaging material for increasing the shelf life of a food product
Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome
Authors: Grimm N.L. , Danilkowicz R. , Shortell C. , Toth A.P.
Published: January 2020

» Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome is a commonly misdiagnosed condition that should be considered in patients presenting with exertional lower-extremity pain.

» In addition to a focused physical examination, the ankle-brachial index and advanced imaging consisting of computed tomography and computed tomographic angiography or magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography are crucial in evaluating the underlying cause of entrapment.

» Consultation with a vascular surgeon or team is necessary when planning surgical treatment of popliteal artery entrapment syndrome.
Bacterial Septic Arthritis of the Adult Native Knee Joint
Authors: Elsissy Joseph G. , Liu Joseph N. , Wilton Peter J. , Nwachuku Ikenna , Gowd Anirudh K. , Amin Nirav H.
Published: January 2020

» Acute bacterial septic arthritis of the knee is an orthopaedic emergency and, if left untreated, can result in substantial joint degradation.

» Important risk factors for development of septic arthritis include age of >60 years, recent bacteremia, diabetes, cancer, cirrhosis, renal disease, drug or alcohol abuse, a history of corticosteroid injection, a recent injury or surgical procedure, a prosthetic joint, and a history of rheumatoid arthritis.

» The diagnosis is primarily based on history and clinical presentation of a red, warm, swollen, and painful joint with limited range of motion. Laboratory values and inflammatory markers from serum and joint fluid may serve as adjuncts when there is clinical suspicion of septic arthritis.

» The initial and general antibiotic regimen should cover methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. The antibiotic regimen should be specified following the culture results of the infected joint.

» Operative management involves either arthrotomy or arthroscopy of the knee with thorough irrigation and debridement of all infected tissue. The Gächter classification is useful in establishing a prognosis or in determining the need for an extensive debridement.
Healing properties of geraniol – a review of the literature
Authors: Bieda Anna , Wróblewska Agnieszka , Miądlicki Piotr
Published: January 2020

Introduction: In recent years, there has been a significant increase in interest in substances of plant origin that could act as potential therapeutics for prevention as well as for the treatment of many diseases, including infections. As an example, you can give compounds called terpenes, as well as their derivatives, which are components of essential oils. The research showed that they show not only antibacterial and antiviral activity, but also antifungal and antineoplastic.

This article is devoted to a literature review which describes the pharmacological and biological properties of geraniol as a compound that could be used in both prophylaxis and treatment of infectious diseases.

Literature review: This publication particularly draws attention to the use of geraniol in medicine. Most literature reports show that this compound in many cases has a healing effect. It is classified as monoterpene alcohol, showing a characteristic rose aroma. It can be found in oils such as: ginger, lemon, lime, nutmeg, lavender and orange.

Research (both in vitro and in vivo) using geraniol confirmed its efficacy against cancer of the intestine, prostate, liver, kidneys and skin. This action is related to the fact that this compound can induce apoptose as well as increase the expression of proapoptotic proteins. In literature reports, one can also find information that geraniol has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial effects – mainly in diseases related to the digestive and respiratory system. The paper discusses the most important medical applications of geraniol.

Conclusions: Nowadays, one can notice a search for new methods of treatment of infectious diseases in the field of medicine (with a bacterial basis and viral), parasitic and fungal. The wide spectrum of geraniol activity in both the biological and pharmacological sphere makes it a good alternative to synthetic agents that are used in medicine.

The results of previous studies justify the need for further work leading to the use of geraniol on a much wider scale both in prevention and treatment.
Precision of the dimensions of orthodontic bracket slots – systematic review
Authors: Kłos Seweryn , Janiszewska-Olszowska Joanna
Published: January 2020

Introduction: The aim of this study was to revising and presenting results of in vitro studies referring to the precision of the dimensions of orthodontic brackets’ slots.

Materials and methods: Search was proceeded for studies describing results of measurements of the dimensions of orthodontic brackets slots performed with the use of various available measuring instruments. Brackets from various manufacturers were taken into consideration. Search was performed in Pub-Med and Google Scholar. The following keywords were used: „bracket slot”, „orthodontic bracket slot dimension”. Studies were included, if they based on two separate measurements: at the slot opening and along the slot bottom. Studies were rejected if they described an analysis of bracket slot structure or roughness without providing slot dimensions.

Results: Finally, 13 papers were selected from PubMed and 9 papers – from Google Scholar (all the papers from PubMed were found in Google Scholar as well). All the studies analysed, regardless of the method of measurement and material used for the manufacturing of orthodontic brackets revealed, that slot dimensions were higher or lower than the declared standard size. Moreover, analysis of slot appearance provided interesting information pertaining to the shape of bracket slots, e.g. parallelism, convergence or divergence of their walls.

Conclusions: Basing on the review it can be stated that orthodontic brackets are characterized by imperfections that may characterize single brackets, bracket sets or series. They may potentially influence the process of three-dimensional aligning of individual teeth during orthodontic treatment.
Hygiene of removable partial denture
Authors: Czerniawska-Kliman Luiza , Grocholewicz Katarzyna
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Hygiene of removable dental prostheses is equally important as oral hygiene. Statistical data from the World Health Organization show that people over 65 years of age constitute a larger percentage of the population than newly born children. The number of people using removable dental prostheses increases with age. Older people, often for financial reasons, generally opt for settling dentures. Due to its porous structure, acrylic favors the retention of food residue. As a consequence, the incidence of candidiasis and prosthetic stomatopathy increases in patients using removable acrylic dentures.

The aim of the study is to assess the hygiene of the oral cavity and removable dental prostheses.

Materials and methods: A physical examination was carried out to determine the condition of the teeth, oral hygiene, and number/location of missing teeth. Oral hygiene was assessed using the approximal dental plaque index (API). Patients were asked to complete a questionnaire about hygiene and nighttime storage methods for removable dental restorations and whether the doctor provided information on the correct use and storage of prostheses. A physical examination was then performed to determine the hygiene of the restorations. Prosthesis hygiene was evaluated using the hygiene scale of prostheses developed by Frączak et al.

Results and conclusions: The level of oral hygiene in general and hygiene of prosthetic restorations are very low, despite the information obtained from physicians, which indicates that dentists should pay more attention to providing information on oral and prosthesis hygiene, preferably in the form of leaflets.
Denticles of the pulp chamber – diagnostics and management. Case studies
Authors: Palatyńska-Ulatowska Aleksandra , Pietrzycka Krystyna , Koprowicz Agata
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Denticles are mineralized formations found in the dental pulp of deciduous and permanent dentition. Topo-graphically, they can be classified as free, adjacent, or intratissular. Denticles rarely occur; however, their presence is considered clinically relevant due to the difficulties they cause during endodontic treatment.

The aim of this study was to describe clinical cases of denticles located in the tooth pulp chamber. Various methods for their removal are also discussed. Emphasis was placed on the diverse appearance of pulp stones in microscope-captured images and on the necessity of maintaining appropriate clinical procedures for highly specialized endodontic treatment, such as working with rubber dams and magnification, to avoid serious complications.

Materials and methods: Four cases of molar teeth with suspected intraventricular denticles were subjected to specialised endodontic treatment. Removal procedures were performed in aseptic conditions after dental dam placement and with the use of a dental operative microscope. To remove denticles, carbide long shank rose burs, Munce Discovery Burs, and an ultrasonic device with tips for finishing canal access and locating their orifices were used. Following preparation of a straight line access, the canals were chemically and mechanically cleaned and shaped according to accepted standards of modern endodontics. After obturation of the canal system, control radiographs were performed.

Results: During all treatments, the denticles were removed completely, allowing further preparation and obturation of the entire canal system.

Conclusions: Removal of denticles from the pulp chamber is a complicated, difficult procedure, requiring knowledge of the anatomy of the root canal system, professional operation skills, magnification of the operating site, and appropriate equipment. Such preparation allows clinicians to avoid potential complications such as perforation and/or excessive weakening of the tooth structure due to excessive removal of hard tissues.
Fruit and vegetables – fresh or processed – which are a better source of vitamin C?
Authors: Gutowska Izabela , Marszałek Patrycja , Baranowska-Bosiacka Irena , Łukomska Agnieszka , Goschorska Marta , Janda Katarzyna
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Vitamin C is an essential component of our diet. Its presence is necessary for normal body functioning. The main sources are fruits and vegetables.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the content of vitamin C in both raw and processed fruits and vegetables and products available commercially in the autumn/winter period.

Materials and methods: The study material comprised 14 types of fruits and vegetables and commercial products made from them, in which we determined the content of vitamin C.

Results: Differences were found in vitamin C content between fresh fruits and vegetables vs. processed fruit and vegetable products.

Conclusions: Fresh fruit and vegetables are not always the best source of vitamin C in the autumn/winter season. In some cases, processed fruits and vegetables are richer in this vitamin.