bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unravelling benzazepines and aminopyrimidine as multi-target therapeutic repurposing drugs for EGFR V774M mutation in neuroglioma patients
Authors: Singh Jitender , Khanduja Krishan L , Avti Pramod K
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Neuroglioma, a classification encompassing tumors arising from glial cells, exhibits variable aggressiveness and depends on tumor grade and stage. Unraveling the EGFR gene alterations, including amplifications (unaltered), deletions, and missense mutations (altered), is emerging in glioma. However, the precise understanding of emerging EGFR mutations and their role in neuroglioma remains limited. This study aims to identify specific EGFR mutations prevalent in neuroglioma patients and investigate their potential as therapeutic targets using FDA- approved drugs for repurposing approach. Methods: Neuroglioma patient’s data were analyzed to identify the various mutations and survival rates. High throughput virtual screening (HTVS) of FDA-approved (1615) drugs using molecular docking and simulation was executed to determine the potential hits. Results: Neuroglioma patient samples (n=4251) analysis reveals 19% EGFR alterations with most missense mutations at V774M in exon 19. The Kaplan-Meier plots show that the overall survival rate was higher in the unaltered group than in the altered group. Docking studies resulted the best hits based on each target's higher docking score, minimum free energy (MMGBSA), minimum kd, ki, and IC50 values. MD simulations and their trajectories show that compounds ZINC000011679756 target unaltered EGFR and ZINC000003978005 targets altered EGFR, whereas ZINC000012503187 (Conivaptan, Benzazepine) and ZINC000068153186 (Dabrafenib, aminopyrimidine) target both the EGFRs. The shortlisted compounds demonstrate favorable residual interactions with their respective targets, forming highly stable complexes. Moreover, these shortlisted compounds have drug- like properties as assessed by ADMET profiling. Conclusion: Therefore, compounds (ZINC000012503187 and ZINC000068153186) can effectively target both the unaltered/altered EGFRs as multi-target therapeutic repurposing drugs towards neuroglioma.
Prospective, randomized single-blind, multicenter comparison of the analgesic efficacy of flurbiprofen/ thiocolchicoside and ibuprofen in myalgia complaints in SARS-CoV-2 patients
Authors: Dönmez Safa , Tekin Erdal , Erdem Ahmet Burak , Şener Alp , Coşkun Ahmet
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Myalgia is a common symptom in patients with COVID-19. NSAIDs perform pain suppression mechanisms by suppressing prostaglandin synthesis through inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX). Thiocolchicoside activates GABA and Glycine receptors at the spinal level and exerts a myorelaxant effect. The aim of this study is to compare the analgesic efficacy of two drugs, the active ingredients of which are ibuprofen and flurbiprofen/ thiocolchicoside. Method: The study was designed according to a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial model. A power analysis was performed based on the study of Derosa et al. including patients with myalgia complaints(11). By accepting 80% power and 5% type-1 error, the number of patients to be included in each group was calculated as at least 68. We planned to include 100 patients in each group, taking into account data losses and patients who may drop out of the study during follow-up (n=200). Results: According to the results of the study, the difference between baseline and 2nd day NRS and the difference between baseline and 3rd day NRS were found to be statistically significantly higher in the group using ibuprofen 800 mg retard TB (P<0.05). Conclusion: In the treatment and follow-up of patients with COVID-19 and myalgia complaints, ibuprofen 800 mg retard tb can be preferred primarily because its effectiveness is superior and no side effects are observed.
The rate of cardiac complications in patients receiving a 24-hour dose of 5-Fluorouracil
Authors: Davoodnataj Mostafa , Vakili Sadeghi Mohsen , Zieaie Amiri Naghmeh , Nabipour Majid , Gholinia Ahangar Hemmat
Published: November 2023

Background. Cardiotoxicity caused by fluoropyrimidines is an uncommon but potentially fatal complication. Its frequency has been 1.6 to 19% in previous studies. But there are no accurate statistics in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of cardiac complications of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) infusion. Methods. This prospective study was conducted in patients with gastrointestinal cancers who underwent chemotherapy with regimens containing 24-hour infusion of 5-FU at Rohani Hospital of Babol. Patients with a history of radiation therapy to the chest or epigastrium or suffering from COVID-19 disease in the last 6 weeks were excluded from the study. Each patient was examined in 2 cycles of chemotherapy. In case of complications, cardiac examinations including examination, electrocardiogram, echocardiography and if necessary, coronary angiography were done. Data analysis was done with SPSS 26 software using descriptive indices and Fisher exact test (significance≤0.05). Results. In sixty one patients, 122 courses of chemotherapy were evaluated. Underlying cancer was colorectal cancer in 32 patients, stomach cancer in people. Eight patients (13.11%) had cardiac complication, in eleven chemotherapy cycles, included 7 cases of chest pain and one case of each of complications of myocardial infarction, pulmonary edema and pericarditis. Four out of 8 patients suffered from complications only in the first round, one only in the second round and three patients in both rounds of chemotherapy (P=0.004).The incidence rate of complications in patients without a history of heart disease was 8.7% and in patients with a history of heart disease 26.7%(P=0.073), in non-smokers 10% and in smokers 30%(P=0.084). It was 10.6% in non-diabetic patients and 21.4% in diabetic patients (P=0.294). Conclusion. Cardiac complications are common in 24-hour injection of 5-fluorouracil. A patient who has a heart complication once, might have a higher probability of having a complication in the next cycles. Practical Implications. Due to the high prevalence of cardiac complications of 24-hour floururacil infusion, especially in patients with a history of heart disease, careful cardiac monitoring during hospitalization is recommended.
Exploring the Potentials of Flavonoids on Brain Function: Effects of Three Phenolic Compounds on Brain Electrical Activity
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Hilal , BAŞOĞLU Harun , ABİDİN Selcen , ABİDİN İsmail
Published: November 2023

Background: The most common polyphenolic compounds taken up by the organism through the food chain are flavonoids. Known to cross the blood-brain barrier, 7,8-DHF, L-theanine and Fisetin are re-ported to have neuronal effects as well as therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases. How-ever, little is known on their acute effects of neuronal function. This study aims to describe the effects of the mentioned flavonoids on the total ECoG activities and band analyzes of healthy mice.
Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 3 different groups consisting of 7 subjects were created for each flavonoid administration. After the baseline electrophysiological recordings, flavonoid administra-tion was performed and acute effects were determined.
Results: 7.8-DHF increased the theta, alpha and beta band activities while decreasing the total ECoG power. L-theanine and Fisetin did not significantly alter the total ECoG activity. However, L-theanine statistically increased theta, alpha and beta band activities.
Conclusions: In conclusion, our data showed that flavonoids could acutely modulate the ECoG respons-es in a band specific manner. They can be considered as candidate molecules for drug discovery studies for central nervous system disorders.
Classification of agricultural activities costs in accounting and control in the conditions of using geo- information technologies
Authors: Minaiev Dmytro , Radelytskyy Yuriy
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Activities in the agribusiness sector are characterized by significant variability of costs, which can be explained by the specific organizational and technological features of agricultural production. Among such industry-specific characteristics of the agricultural sphere, in the context of the digitization of socio-economic processes, the impact of geo-information technologies (GIS technologies) is pertinent. For the purpose of effective agribusiness management utilizing modern geo-information technologies, the identification and systematization of costs from the perspective of accounting and control are essential. Operating with high-quality and comprehensive accounting information about agribusiness expenses is an element of management efforts aimed at minimizing and optimizing them, thus defining the relevance of the topic and enabling the formulation of the article’s objective.Purpose. The aim of the article is to identify and classify agribusiness expenses from the standpoint of accounting and control within the framework of implementing advanced geo-information technologies in the management of agricultural enterprises.Methods. In the process of conducting this scientific research, a systematic methodological approach was employed in conjunction with innovative, functional methods, and methodological tools of synthesis, bibliographic, and comparative analysis.Results. The importance and relevance of classifying expenses of agricultural enterprises from the standpoint of accounting and control in agribusiness have been substantiated. The affiliation of classification criteria of agribusiness expenses to three groups (general, industry-specific, specialized) has been explained based on considering the industry-specific functioning of agricultural enterprises. The classification of agribusiness expenses has been carried out according to classification criteria: Inclusion in cost price, Participation in production, Changes in agro-production volume, Economic elements, Expense categories, Production type, Agribusiness stages, Uniform composition, Calculation units, Recognition, Occurrence period, Calendar period, Reporting period, Innovativeness, Capitalization, Appropriateness, Controllability, Relevance, Anticipated occurrence, Extraordinariness, Organic nature, Others. The impact of implementing modern information and communication technologies in the operations of agricultural enterprises on the classification of expenses in agribusiness has been examined. The advantages of utilizing geo-information technologies in expense accounting and control in agribusiness have been identified.Perspectives. The implementation of digitalization advantages in accounting and management processes using geo-information technologies requires the refinement of the methodology for agribusiness expense accounting and control, which will be the subject of subsequent scientific investigations.
Pengaruh Perencanaan dan Efektifitas Penggunaan Dana Desa Terhadap Pembangunan Desa Negara Batin (Studi Pada Kecamatan Negara Batin Kabupaten Way Kanan)
Authors: Ulandari Resti , Tarmizi Rosmiati
Published: November 2023

Negara Batin is a village located in the regent Way Kanan. The village government's concern for the facilities and infrastructure of the village is very important to achieve the welfare of the village community. Planning and effective use of village funds are necessary to support the development of Negara Batin Village. Therefore, if the use of village funds can be planned and implemented effectively, it will bring great benefits to the residents of Negara Batin Village in Way Kanan Regency. The purpose of this study is to determine whether planning and efficiency in the use of village funds affect the development of Negara Batin village. The type of research used in this study is quantitative research. The population used is the village of Negara Batin, regent Way Kanan. The sampling technique used was probability sampling using the Slovin formula, such that a sample of 98 respondents was obtained. Data collection was carried out through literature research, documents, observations, interviews, and questionnaires. The data analysis tools used include several linear regression tests, correlation coefficient tests, t-tests, F-tests, and R^2 tests. Based on the research results, effective planning and use of village funds has a positive and significant impact on the development of Negara Batin village. Effective planning and utilization of village funds contributed 36.5% to the development of Negara Batin Village in Negara Batin District, Way Kanan Regency. Meanwhile, the remaining 63.5% are affected by other factors that have not been considered in this study.
Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Dinas Kebudayaan Kota Palembang
Authors: Afif M. Bariq Naufal , Kurniawan Mohammad , Veronica Meilin
Published: November 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai pada dinas kebudayaan kota palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif dan menggunakan data primer melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada pegawai dianas kebudayaan kota Palembang. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 60 orang responden dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan rumus slovin dengan pengukuran skala ordinal. Data yang di proses melalui program Spss versi 24 dengan teknik analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai, sedangkan disiplin kerja tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai. Dari hasil uji t membuktikan bahwa kompetensi berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap kinerja pegawai, disiplin kerja memiliki pengaruh secara parsial terhadap kinerja pegawai. Kemudian pada hasil uji f membuktikan kompetensi dan disiplin kerja secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai dengan melihat nilai Fhitung lebih besar dari Ftabel yaitu (44,985 > 3,16) dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 < 0,05. Variabel kompetensi merupakan variabel yang memiliki pengaruh terbesar terhadap kinerjapegawai pada dinas kebudayaan kota Palembang.
Exploiting Cherenkov radiation with BGO-based metascintillators
Authors: Latella Riccardo , Gonzalez Antonio , Bonifacio Daniel , Benlloch Jose Maria , LECOQ Paul , Konstantinou Georgios
Published: November 2023

In time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET), the timing capabilities of the scintillation-based detector play an important role. An approach for fast timing is using the so-called metascintillators, which combine two materials leading to the synergistic blending of their favourable characteristics. An added effect for BGO-based metascintillators is taking advantage of better transportation of Cherenkov photons through UV-transparent materials such as plastic (type EJ232). To prove this, we use an optimized Coincidence Time Resolution (CTR) setup based on electronic boards with two output signals (timing and energy) and near-ultraviolet (NUV) and vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) from Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK), along with different coupling materials. As a reference detector, we employed a 3×3×5 mm3 LYSO:Ce,Ca crystal pixel coupled with optical grease to a NUVHD SiPM. The evaluation is based on low threshold rise-time, energy and time of arrival of event datasets. Timing results of a BGO and EJ232 metapixel show Detector Time Resolutions (DTRs) of 159 ps for the full photopeak. We demonstrate the possibility of event discrimination using subsets with different DTR from the rising time distributions (RTD). Finally, we present the synergistic capability of metascintillators to enhance Cherenkov photons detection when used along with VUV-sensitive SiPMs. 
Ethics and aesthetics of transition symbols. The architecture of place attachment
Authors: Di Cosmo Federico
Published: November 2023

It is by now well established that the ecological transition is first and foremost a cultural transition. Like any radical change, it produces symbols, which are hard to process at the time they are created. Thus, it is not a coincidence that renewable energy facilities (solar power plants, wind farms, photovoltaic and waste-to-energy plants) generate concern and mistrust among communities and open up crucial debates about the protection and identity of the landscape. The text presents a critical viewpoint on the possibility of breaking down social barriers by opening up a field of design, which has so far been the exclusive domain of engineering to both architecture and art.
Renewable Energy Community: an eco-social urban regeneration opportunity for PH districts
Authors: D'Ambrosio Valeria , Sgobbo Alessandro
Published: November 2023

The paper presents the intermediate results of the design experimentation of a Public Housing development in which the Renewable Energy Community model is an opportunity for energy transition but also for the needs of social inclusion and collaboration, which characterise the complex conditions of contemporary housing. Demonstrating the transcalar and multifunctional effectiveness of RECs incentivises their implementation, especially when a complex demanding framework is confronted with limitedly available resources. Hence, through a systemic approach, simulative methods and impact indicators, the extent of the contribution offered by the REC model was verified not only in terms of decarbonisation and climate neutrality but as an opportunity for eco-social regeneration.
Virtual site visits in Construction Management education: A practical alternative to physical site visits
Authors: Shojaei Alireza , Ly Reachsak , Rokooei Saeed , Mahdavian Amirsamman , Al-Bayati Ahmed
Published: November 2023

Construction site visits and hands-on experiences are among the important instruments for educators in construction engineering and management to provide students with valuable knowledge and more engaging learning experiences. However, in addition to its existing logistical challenges, the COVID-19 pandemic has made site visits even more inaccessible as in-person classes and site visits moved to distant learning or got canceled. In a distance education system, conducting a physical site visit is not an easy task. This study focuses on the use of virtual site visits in construction and experiencing virtual hands-on training using immersive videos. Three types of video formats were used as the main content delivery methods in this pilot study namely, 2D flat, 360-degree, and 180-degree 3D videos. This method was adopted and tested in two courses that were previously face-to-face, which were then shifted to an online format due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of immersive videos gave students who would not have the ability to experience a physical site visit, the opportunity to experience the construction site environment and receive educational direction during a pre-recorded, hands-on, immersive video project. The goal of this study is to understand students’ experience with the provided technology, necessary improvement, implications for future research, and the potential implementations of this technology. A costume set of questionnaires was designed to retrieve students’ feedback on their experience which includes a comparison of different content delivery methods and four other study measures: knowledge retention, sense of presence, user experience, and overall satisfaction. Multiple statistical analyses were conducted on the collected data to provide both descriptive details and further insight into the study parameters and their relationship with each other and between different parameters.
Blockchain and City Information Modeling (CIM): A New Approach of Transparency and Efficiency
Authors: Lawal Oluwatoyin , Nawari Nawari O.
Published: November 2023

For over a decade, digital modelling has transcended geometric representations to more advanced object-based modelling using real-life attirbutes. Digital technologies, especially Building Information Modelling (BIM) have been widely adopted in the Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Operations (AECO) industry, while a newer niche - City Information Modelling (CIM) has emerged as an extension of BIM for urban informatics. This research proposes a framework that integrates heterogeneous CIM using a multi-level, nested data environment. The CIM is developed through a network of BIM models synchronized into a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) interface. The individual BIM models are blockchain-enabled by connecting them to a distributed ledger and shared across a network of project collaborators using a Common Data Environment (CDE) in a Building Level Framework.. The resulting CIM from the network of BIM models is shared between the asset owners in a City Level Framework. Use case scenarios are presented to illustrate the application of the research in real life, and research limitations are discussed. The study aims to improve management of buildings and urban assets, providing a more efficient and secure platform for collaboration and data sharing through a blockchain-CIM integration, providing opportunities for further research in digital modelling and smart technologies.
DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL E MÚSICA: SENTIDOS ATRIBUÍDOS POR MÃES EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO FILANTRÓPICA DE PARNAÍBA-PI
Authors: Santos Thayná Costa , De Almeida Maycon Campos , Damasceno Monica de Araujo
Published: November 2023

Este estudo busca investigar os sentidos atribuídos por mães acerca das mudanças vividas no desenvolvimento de seus/suas filhos(as) a partir do contato com a música em uma instituição filantrópica, localizada no Centro de Parnaíba (Piauí). O método utilizado é de abordagem qualitativa com estudo do tipo exploratório e descritivo. Enquanto critérios de inclusão as participantes foram escolhidas por serem mães das crianças que participam de alguma atividade musical (flauta, violão, teclado e percussão) dentro da instituição. Frente a isso, participaram dessa pesquisa 4 mães de crianças (sendo duas meninas e dois meninos) que estão na faixa etária dos 9 aos 11 anos. Como procedimento para a análise de dados foram construídos, sob luz da psicologia escolar crítica e a partir das transcrições das entrevistas semiestruturadas, quatro eixos temáticos, considerando os objetivos da pesquisa, sendo eles: a) Histórico com a música; b) Processo de aprendizagem; c) Desenvolvimento sócio afetivo; e d) Relações interpessoais. Os resultados encontrados apontam para a importância da música ser cada vez mais inserida no cotidiano das crianças, uma vez que se apresenta como uma potente ferramenta potencializadora no desenvolvimento cognitivo, emocional e social. Diante disso, destaca-se a importância desse trabalho a fim de produzir material que sirva de subsídio para futuras produções acadêmico-científicas que possam colaborar com o avanço do conhecimento da área e expandir estudos na região.DOI: 10.36692/V15N3-23
MULTI-LEAF DISEASE DETECTION AND RECOMMENDS PESTICIDE USING DEEP LEARNING
Authors: N. Raja Shekar  , B. Sharath  , K. Sai Teja  , G. Syam Sundar  , B. Kalyan Chakravarthy
Published: November 2023

This research describes a proposed system that uses deep learning and image processing methods to identify and categorize plant leaf diseases. The approach that is suggested comprises of two categorization methods and compares them. The first approach comprised of multiple steps leading up to the classification stage and was based on the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. Because they are the most prevalent plant species worldwide and in Iraq specifically, tomatoes, peppers, and potatoes are the specific plant species that we use in our work. Convolution neural networks (CNNs) were employed in the second approach for classification. Fifteen classes were identified using these two methods: three classes for healthy leaves and twelve classes for illnesses of various plants that were found, such as fungi, bacteria, etc. The comparisons outcome demonstrates that the CNN algorithm is preferred over the SVM algorithm in terms of speed and accuracy, creating a system that is reliable and accurate for the identification and categorization of plant leaf diseases. The effectiveness of the system is evaluated using evaluation measures such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Additionally discussed are the moral and environmental aspects of using pesticides.
This strategys practical use is illustrated by case studies and real-world examples, which also highlight how it may be used to increase agricultural yields, lower resource consumption, and support sustainable farming methods.
Finally, this study highlights how CNNs can revolutionize both pesticide recommendation and the detection of multi-leaf diseases. The integration of advanced technology with agricultural methods in this study promotes sustainable farming practices and global food security.
KEYWORDS: Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Multi-Leaf Disease Detection, Pesticide Recommendation, Agriculture, Plant Disease Diagnosis, Image Analysis, Data Augmentation, Transfer Learning.
KANT ET LA MORALE DES MACHINES : PROGRAMMER LA « BONTÉ » DANS L’ÈRE DES MODÈLES DE LANGAGE
Authors: NAULLY NICOLAS
Published: November 2023

Cet article examine la possibilité de programmer une intelligence artificielle (IA) pour qu'elle soit moralement "bonne", en s'inspirant des principes de Kant. Il aborde les défis de définir une éthique universelle pour les machines, la complexité des décisions morales, et les risques de biais et de discrimination. Parallèlement, il souligne les opportunités offertes par une IA éthique, telles que l'amélioration de la prise de décision et la réduction des biais humains. Des recommandations sont proposées, incluant l'établissement de principes éthiques clairs, la conception inclusive, et la transparence. L'article conclut sur l'importance de développer une IA éthiquement responsable pour façonner une société où la technologie reflète nos valeurs morales.
THE ROLE AND PLACE OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY MANAGEMENT AND EVALUATION IN ENSURING THE QUALITY OF MODERN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia, Myasoedova Daria A.
Published: November 2023

An urgent strategic task of the Russian economy is the development of domestic industrial knowledge-intensive production, the development and development of new knowledge-intensive and information technologies and the accelerated formation of market relations in industry to obtain domestic competitive products and ensure the interests of national economic security by preserving and developing the industrial and scientific-technical potential of the country. Effective management of intellectual property in modern conditions at the level of industries or the whole economic system should imply the creation of a qualitatively new and unified ecosystem that considers all technical innovations and opportunities, ideas and developments that are used by leading countries or corporations. This is necessary, first of all, in order to ensure effective management processes within the framework of the formation and regulation of intellectual property, both of an individual enterprise and of the entire economy as a whole. It seems reasonable to assume that in the conditions of an unfavorable external environment, instability, backwardness of the Russian Federation in the field of intellectual property formation and the realization of its intellectual potential, effective management and evaluation of IP is of cardinal importance in ensuring the competitiveness and quality of Russian enterprises. That is why the purpose of this article is an attempt to identify the role and place of intellectual property management and evaluation in ensuring the quality of modern industrial enterprises and to present the author’s vision of the methodology for improving the quality and efficiency of the IP management and evaluation system of domestic enterprises in a volatile and unfavorable external environment.
ON THE ISSUE OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT USING TECHNOLOGICAL TOOLS
Authors:   Russian Peoples’ Friendship University named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia, Ragulina Yulia V. , Ostrovskaya Anna A. ,   Russian Peoples’ Friendship University named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia, Chemezov Sergey V. ,   State Corporation “Rostec” Moscow, Russia, Artyakov Vladimir V. ,   State Corporation “Rostec” Moscow, Russia, Turko Nikolai I. ,   State Corporation “Rostec” Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2023

Nowadays UAV technology is increasingly used as a tool for student education and research. This paper discusses the main aspects of the use of UAVs for educational purposes, including science, engineering, construction, agriculture and other disciplines. Practical aspects of teaching UAVs in the educational process were mentioned, including teaching students to pilot drones, developing programs and courses, as well as research projects based on the use of UAVs. These advantages and challenges that arise in the course of existing problems in the field of medical equipment during the implementation of technologies are analyzed, as well as an analysis of the prospects for the development of this area in the education sphere in Russia. The study provides an overview of the current state of UAV use in education and identifies the potential for further development of this technology in education.
SOCIAL FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGIES OF HEALTHCARE DEVELOPMENT BASED ON MEDICAL SAVINGS ACCOUNTS
Authors:   Department of IBM5 «Finance» of Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Sokolov Evgeny V. , Kostyrin Evgeny V. ,   Department of IBM5 «Finance» of Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Lasunova Svetlana V. ,   Department of IBM5 «Finance» of Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Published: November 2023

The article details the transition, starting in 2023, from the existing financing system to medical savings accounts (MSA). It is shown that already in 2023, for all categories of citizens (employed, low-wage, non-working) income from the Ministry of Taxation exceeds standard (within the framework of compulsory health insurance) expenses. The surplus of funds for the Ministry of Taxes in the first year (2023) implementation amounted to 241,6 billion rubles, in the fifth year 4,9 trillion rubles, and in the twentieth 105,3 trillion rubles. These funds, placed by banks (Sberbank and VTB) in the form of loans, will provide the Russian economy with huge, long-term and cheap financial resources. It is shown that in about twenty years, citizens’ MSA will accumulate a non-reducible balance sufficient for 20 years of survival after retirement, and employers, instead of 5,1% of workers’ wages, will be able to deduct only 1% for co-financing of low-paid and unemployed citizens, which will significantly reduce production costs at all Russian enterprises. Since funds for the MSA can only be spent on medical care, the surplus of funds will provide the opportunity for Russian citizens to receive additional medical services, including high-tech ones, as well as receive medicines, and medical organizations will receive a huge additional source of funding.
INDICATOR-SUBSTANTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CATEGORY OF POPULATION NEEDS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TRADE POTENTIAL IN REGIONS
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), St. Petersburg, Russia, Pashinina Polina A. , Veselov Andrey V. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), St. Petersburg, Russia, Rudskaya Irina A. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), St. Petersburg, Russia, Shamina Lyubov K. ,   Baltic State Technical University “Voenmeh” D. F. Ustinov “, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: November 2023

This article is devoted to the study of the needs of the population in the realization of trade potential in the subjects of the Russian Federation. In the framework of this study, an indicative and substantive analysis was conducted, which resulted in the development of a set of indicators covering various factors, including age, income and other parameters related to the desire to purchase goods and services: the average level of wages, the share of the urban population in the total population, the average age of the population, the share of the population who are active users of the Internet in the total population, retail trade turnover per capita, disposable resources, and the average age of the population. The values of the selected indicators for 2020 were analyzed in the context of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The obtained results can be used for systematic observation and analysis of the situation in the field of trade potential of the population in the subjects of the Russian Federation. Also, these data can be useful for classifying the constituent entities of the Russian Federation depending on the level of consumer activity and exposure to the needs under consideration. These results will help to understand and assess the demand and supply of goods and services at the regional level, as well as to develop measures to stimulate economic growth and improve the quality of life of the population in different parts of the country.
SYNOPSIS OF ZONES OF INFLUENCE ON THE PROSPECTS OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF THE ECONOMY
Authors:   St. Petersburg University of Aerospace Instrumentation, St. Petersburg, Russia, Armashova-Telnik Galina S.
Published: November 2023

The current conjuncture of the agricultural sector of the economy is a set of certain zones that have a certain impact on the efficiency of the functioning of this sphere of management. The lack of a clear understanding among the initiators of agribusiness about the positive effects of the use of mechanisms for updating approaches to traditional forms of agricultural activities forms a decline in the economic indicators of this branch of the economy. This creates the need to consider from different angles the zones of influence on the production processes of the agricultural sector and highlight the positive effects from the implementation of various formats of the agro-complex.
Heilpädagogik in der Lehrergrundausbildung
Authors: Büchel Fredi P.
Published: November 2023

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Effizienz und Evaluation in der Lehrerausbildung
Authors: Oelkers Jürgen
Published: November 2023

Der Beitrag verfolgt drei Ziele: Zunächst werden Effektbehauptungen der Lehrerausbildung analysiert, in einem zweiten Schritt werden einige Probleme der "tatsächlichen Wirkungen" erläutert und abschliessend kommen wünschbare Strukturen künftiger Lehrerbildung zur Sprache. Kritisiert werden vereinfachte Annahmen über die "Wirkung" der Ausbildung, und zwar sowohl im Hinblick auf die heutige Forschungssituation als auch bezogen auf Theorien der Ausbildungsreform. Das gilt nicht zuletzt auch für die Methoden der Evaluation, die sich auf sehr komplexe und schwer fassbare Prozesse einstellen muss. Am Ende steht ein Plädoyer für die Entlastung der Grundausbildung, die nicht mit Forderungen überfrachtet werden darf Grundausbildung und Weiterbildung sollten in einem neuen Verhältnis verstanden werden.
Zielstrebigkeit in der Primarlehrer-Ausbildung: Welche Studierenden wollen (nicht) Lehrer werden?
Authors: Kersten Bernd , Gasser-Dutoit Annette
Published: November 2023

Der Wunsch, Lehrer werden zu wollen, ist eine günstige Voraussetzung, um erfolgreich als LehrerIn tätig zu werden (Mayr, 1993). Von diesem Standpunkt aus betrachtet, ist es wichtig, wie ausgeprägt und in welche Richtung sich der Berufswunsch während der Ausbildungszeit verändert. Darüberhinaus stellt die Tatsache, den Lehrerberuf tatsächlich zu ergreifen, einen Teilaspekt des Ausbildungserfolgs dar. Nachfolgend wird zunächst eine Befunddarstellung des Berufswunsches von Lehrer-Studentinnen - vergleichend für die beiden Primarlehrer-Ausbildungen - gegeben, um dann den Günden für einen allfälligen Anstellungserfolg nachzuspüren. Einige methodische Kritikpunkte an unserer Untersuchung werden hervorgehoben.
Berufsleute werden Fachleute für das Unterrichten
Authors: Adank Daniel
Published: November 2023

Die gewerblich-industriellen Berufsschulen sind auf nebenamtliche Lehrkräfte angewiesen. Diese sind hauptamtlich in der Wirtschaft tätig und garantieren dadurch den Bezug zur betrieblichen Praxis. Eine umfassende längere didaktische Ausbildung ist für diese Lehrkräfte nicht möglich. Kurze, praxisbezogene Einführungen in das didaktische Handwerk der Lehrkräfte bieten sich als angemessene Lösung an. Berufsschullehrkräfte im Nebenamt müssen gemäss Berufsbildungsgesetz (Artikel 36/1) didaktisch-methodische Einführungskurse besuchen. Das Schweizerische Institut für Berufspädagogik (SIBP) führt seit Beginn seines Bestehens diese Kurse durch. Im Rahmen einer umfassenden Evaluation wurden die Kurse in den letzten Jahren überprüft. Der Artikel beleuchtet die Grundlagen für die Planung und Durchführung der regionalen Didaktikkurse I und II (DIK I und II), wie sie ab 1996 in der deutschsprachigen Schweiz durchgeführt werden. \nDer Wechsel des Namens von "Methodikkursen" zu "Didaktikkursen" weist auf ein erweitertes Verständnis pädagogisch-didaktischen Handelns hin. Bevor auf diesen Wandel eingegangen wird, soll ein Blick auf die Entwicklung der didaktisch-methodischen Einführungskurse die Bedeutung dieses Ausbildungsgefässes in der berufspädagogischen Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung verdeutlichen. \nDas Konzept der Didaktikkurse, wie es heute in den Regionen der deutschsprachigen Schweiz realisiert wird, basiert auf drei sich wechselseitig ergänzenden Prinzipien, die anschliessend näher beschrieben werden. Auszüge aus dem Rahmenlehrplan ergänzen die Darstellung.
Evaluation als prozessorientierte Ausbildungsentwicklung
Authors: Abt Viktor , Seidemann Barbara
Published: November 2023

In der aktuellen Diskussion um Evaluation von Schulen geht es zumeist um Modelle zur Evaluation von Grund- und allgemeinbildenden Schulen. Umfassende Evaluationen in tertiären Berufsbildungsinstitutionen sind dagegen - abgesehen von einzelnen Ausbildungsaspekten - bis anhin wenig diskutiert und kaum durchgeführt worden. Um eine Umsetzung der Ausbildungsreform nicht nur auf struktureller und formaler Ebene zu gewährleisten, sondern auch - und vor allem - bezüglich der Ausbildungsarbeit insgesamt, entwickelte das Seminar Liestal ein als langfristiges Projekt angelegtes Evaluationsverfahren, das hier, obwohl in manchen Aspekten noch im Entstehen und in internen Auseinandersetzungen begriffen, zur allgemeinen Diskussion vorgestellt werden soll. Viktor Abt skizziert im ersten Teil in Thesenform die gewählten Bezugspunkte auf die breite Theoriedebatte, während im zweiten Teil Barbara Seidemann darstellt, wie die konkrete Umsetzung auf die Ebene des Schulalltags erfolgt.
Die modulare Studienorganisation, dargestellt am Beispiel der Pädagogischen Hochschule Domstad (Utrecht)
Authors: Schoch Fritz
Published: November 2023

Ein Studienaufenthalt in Utrecht hat mir einen Einblick in die seit 1984 tertiarisierte holländische Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung an Pädagogischen Hochschulen ermöglicht. Die Hogeschoolen haben sich neben den Universitäten als eigenständige und angesehene Fachhochschulen (ohne Promotions- und Habilitationsrecht) etabliert. \nBereits vor etwa 10 Jahren wurde die Ausbildung der Kindergärtnerinnen in die Lehrerausbildung integriert. Gleichzeitig wurden Vorschule und Schule zu einer schulischen Institution mit dem Namen Basisschool (Schule für 4 bis 12-jährige Kinder) zusammengefasst. Etwa seit 1992 ist das Studium der künftigen Lehrerinnen und Lehrer an den Pädagogischen Hochschulen landesweit nach einem ziemlich einheitlichen Modul/Credit-Prinzip organisiert. Die Darstellung und kritische Würdigung dieses Ausbildungssystems bildet den Kern meines Beitrags. Die Bilanz der Erörterung ist für mich überwiegend positiv: Wenn die Studieneinheiten (Module) neben engmaschig strukturierten Aufträgen, die das Studienverhalten bis ins Einzelne festlegen, auch angemessen Raum lassen für eigenständiges, kritisches und divergentes Lernen und wenn weitere Grundfragen der Studienorganisation (Ausmass der Wahlfreiheit? Lernen: allein oder in Gruppen? Lernen: begleitet oder unbegleitet?) sinnvoll geregelt sind, bietet eine modulare Studienorganisation gute Chancen für ein erwachsenengerechtes, selbstaktives, selbstverantwortetes und intensives Lernen auf Seiten der Studierenden und für eine professionell hochwertige, befriedigende Berufsarbeit auf Seiten der Dozentinnen und Dozenten.
Assessment-Center in der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerausbildung
Authors: Bircher Walter
Published: November 2023

Die Entwicklung und der Einsatz eines Assessment-Centers (AC) oder Elementen davon als Instrument zur Personalauswahl beziehungsweise zur Potentialanalyse ist in der Lehrerausbildung noch wenig fortgeschritten. Mit der raschen Veränderung des Berufsbildes der Lehrkräfte hat sich jedoch das Anforderungsprofil und damit das Rekrutierungsfeld verändert. Herkömmliche Massnahmen zur Auswahl potentieller Lehrkräfte sind wenig einheitlich und basieren in der Regel auf Methoden mit institutionsspezifischen Aufnahmekriterien. Das Assessment-Center in Kombination mit herkömmlichen Auswahlmethoden könnte eine Optimierung des Selektionsprozesses und eine qualitative Ausweitung der Zielsetzungen ermöglichen. Mit der Einführung eines Assessment-Centers könnten neben den primären Zielsetzungen der Personalauswahl und der Potentialanalyse auch Ziele im Bereich der Schulentwicklung, der Förderung von Schlüsselqualifikationen und der Qualitätssicherung realisiert werden.
Neue Schwerpunkte für die Lehrerbildungspolitik. Einige Konsequenzen aus dem Nationalfondsprojekt zur "Wirksamkeit der Lehrerbildungssysteme" für die künftige Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung
Authors: Criblez Lucien
Published: November 2023

Bei der Reform der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung standen in jüngster Zeit vor allem strukturelle Fragen im Vordergrund. Der Beitrag plädiert auf der Grundlage einer bildungspolitischen Wertung der Resultate aus dem Nationalfondsprojekt zur "Wirksamkeit der Lehrerbildungssysteme in der Schweiz" für eine neue Schwerpunktsetzung in der Reformdiskussion: Die Qualität der künftigen Ausbildung hängt wesentlich von der inhaltlichen Konzeption der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung ab. Zudem dürfen Personalfragen in der Übergangsphase nicht vernachlässigt werden.
Thesen zur Forschung einer akademisierten Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung
Authors: Catani Reto , Albisser Stefan
Published: November 2023

Forschung an Institutionen der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung war bislang nur an vereinzelten Instituten möglich. Vor allem die schweizerischen Mittelschulseminare waren davon - als Teil der Sekundarstufe 2 - ausgeschlossen. Dies mag ein wesentlicher Grund dafür sein, dass Forschungsarbeiten zur Volksschullehrerbildung und zur Situation von Berufseinsteigenden spärlich sind. Dabei wäre gerade diese Forschung für Institutionen der Grundausbildung zentral: mittels berufsfeldbezogener Forschung die eigene Qualitätssicherung zu erreichen und eine lernende Organisation zu werden. Die Forschungsdiskussion muss sich also weniger mit Fragen der Standorte befassen (die für alle Forschungsarbeiten erheblich sind), sondern mehr mit Fragen über relevante Forschungsfelder und institutionsbezogenen Funktionen. Diese Diskussion soll durch neun Thesen angeregt werden.
Der professionelle Auftrag der Gymnasiallehrerschaft: Zwischen Fachanspruch und Erziehungsanspruch
Authors: Terhart Ewald
Published: November 2023

In meinem Beitrag weise ich - ausgehend von einer knappen Skizze der aktuellen Krisensituation der Lehrerberufe - auf grundsätzliche und für den Lehrerberuf insgesamt folgenreiche Veränderungen im Schulsystem sowie im Prozess der Sozialisation von Kindern und Jugendlichen hin, um dann auf daraus resultierende Herausforderungen an den Lehrerberuf, speziell: an den Beruf des Gymnasiallehrers einzugehen. Die entscheidende Frage ist für mich hierbei, ob, inwieweit und mit welchen Folgen diese vielbeschworenen neuen Herausforderungen zu einer Neudefinition des eigentlichen Auftrags oder Mandats der Lehrerschaft führen sollten, führen müssen - oder gar nicht längst schon geführt haben. Hierzu werde ich einige dezidierte Aussagen treffen. Im Anschluss an diesen allgemeinen Teil über die Situation des Lehrerberufs generell gehe ich im zweiten Teil auf die Situation der Gymnasiallehrerschaft speziell ein - wobei ich sowohl die deutsche wie die schweizerische Situation beleuchte und auch hierzu Thesen formulieren werde.
Erfahrung und Reflexion. Zur Professionalisierung der Praktikumsausbildung von Lehrerinnen und Lehrern
Authors: Herzog Walter , Von Felten Regula
Published: November 2023

Bei den laufenden Reformen der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung in der Schweiz steht der Anspruch auf Professionalität weit oben auf der politischen Agenda. Der schillernde Begriff der Professionalisierung sammelt Hoffnungen auf einen Status- und Kompetenzgewinn der Lehrberufe, weckt aber auch Befürchtungen, die Praxisnähe der bisherigen, seminaristischen Lehrerbildung könnte verloren gehen. Eine praxisnahe Ausbildung bietet jedoch per se keine Erfolgsgarantie. Dies wird im folgenden am Beispiel der berufspraktischen Ausbildung von Lehrkräften erläutert. Gefordert werden Praktika, in denen sich Erfahrung und Reflexion gegenseitig durchdringen und befruchten können. Dabei gehen wir von der These aus, dass sich die Vorzüge der alten Ausbildungsformen nur dann im Rahmen der neuen konstruktiv nutzen lassen, wenn den Besonderheiten der Lehrerprofessionalität Beachtung geschenkt wird.
Fachspezifisch-pädagogisches Coaching: Theoriebezogene Unterrichtsentwicklung zur Förderung von Unterrichtsexpertise
Authors: Staub Fritz C.
Published: November 2023

Fachspezifisch-pädagogisches Coaching ist ein Ansatz zur Weiterbildung, der Lehrpersonen in der Praxis bei der Gestaltung, Durchführung und Reflexion eines Teils ihres Unterrichts in einem bestimmten Fachbereich unterstützen will. Langfristiges Ziel ist die Entwicklung allgemeindidaktischer Reflexionsstrategien und fachspezifisch-pädagogischen Wissens als zentrale Elemente von Unterrichtsexpertise. Im Gegensatz zu einer Auffassung von Coaching, welche die Aufgabe eines Coachs vor allem oder gar ausschliesslich in einer allgemeinen Prozessberatung sieht, hat der Coach bei diesem Ansatz eine inhaltlich intervenierende Rolle. Auf der Grundlage der eigenen fachspezifischen Unterrichtskompetenz beteiligt er sich an der Planung, Durchführung und Reflexion von Unterricht und übernimmt Mitverantwortung für das Lernen der Schülerlinnen. Ausgehend von einer allgemein didaktischen Perspektive und einem kognitiv-konstruktivistischen Verständnis von Lehr-Lernprozessen erfolgt die Konzeptualisierung des Modells auf der Grundlage wissenspsychologischer Annahmen sowie von Arbeiten zur situierten Kognition. Das Modell macht Vorschläge zur organisatorisch-institutionellen, theoriebezogenen, inhaltlich-diskursiven sowie dialogischen Gestaltung von Coaching, als einem Ansatz zur Unterrichtsentwicklung, die zugleich als ein Kern von Schulentwicklung verstanden wird.
Gesichtspunkte und Strategien zur Gestaltung von Unterrichtsbesprechungen: Eine Fallstudie. Lehren lernen durch angeleitete didaktische Unterrichtsreflexion
Authors: Eggenberger Kurt , Staub Fritz C.
Published: November 2023

In einzelnen schweizerischen Lehrerbildungsinstitutionen üben Dozierende der Allgemeinen Didaktik eine doppelte Funktion aus: Zusätzlich zur Lehre begleiten sie ihre Studierenden in lehrpraktischen Übungen und in Praktika. Damit lässt sich didaktisches Denken in direktem Bezug zur Unterrichtspraxis entwickeln. Eine Fallstudie stellt die anhand von Interviews herausgearbeiteten Überzeugungen, Theoriebezüge, Strategien und Erfahrungen eines Didaktikdozenten zur Gestaltung von Unterrichtsnachbesprechungen dar. Das damit beschriebene Coaching didaktischer Reflexion besteht zu einem Grossteil aus der Modellierung von Unterrichtsanalyse durch den Didaktikdozenten. Didaktische Reflexion wird dabei gedeutet als das situationsspezifische und inhaltsbezogene In-Beziehung-Setzen von Lernzielen, Unterrichtsdesign, Lehrformen/Lehrmethoden und psychologisch-didaktischen Perspektiven im Hinblick auf lernwirksame Unterrichtsgestaltung.
Schule zwischen Ernstfall und Zufall. Über lehrgangsförmige und nicht lehrgangsförmige Prozesse des Lernens und Verstehens
Authors: Rumpf Horst
Published: November 2023

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