bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ambiente y extensión en Paso Centurión, Uruguay: la construcción de una práctica integral y los caminos hacia el diálogo de saberes
Authors: Santos Carlos , Chouhy Magdalena , Bergós Lucía , Garay Andrea
Published: June 2021

Este artículo recoge reflexiones de un equipo que realiza extensión universitaria desde una perspectiva integral sobre las relaciones sociedad–naturaleza en un área protegida del noreste de Uruguay. El equipo integrado por personas con formación de base en biología y antropología desarrolla desde 2013 una propuesta de formación de grado para diferentes carreras de la Universidad de la República como plataforma a partir de la cual se han desplegado diferentes acciones de vínculo con el medio y se ha abierto camino para procesos de diálogo de saberes con pobladores locales. De manera transversal, desde el inicio de la experiencia ha habido un componente permanente y sostenido de producción de conocimiento que se ha vehiculizado en diferentes estrategias (investigaciones estudiantiles en el marco del curso, presentaciones del equipo docente en otros cursos y eventos científicos, artículos, tesis de grado y de posgrado, proyectos de investigación) que permiten hoy reconstruir una trayectoria integral.
Severity and treatment of cognitive impairment
Authors: Starchina Yu. A. , Zakharov V. V.
Published: June 2021

With an increase in life expectancy in the population, the proportion of people with cognitive impairment (CI) increases. Modern neurology focuses on the milder forms of CI: moderate, mild, and subjective CI, which are more promising in terms of successful treatment and slowing down their progression. Age is the leading risk factor for CI, the prevalence of which in the general population of people aged over 65 years reaches 10–15%. The primary role in CI development is played by Alzheimer's disease, cerebrovascular diseases, mixed vascular-neurodegenerative process, and other types of neurodegenerative diseases, and all of them share some pathophysiological mechanisms. Correction of vascular risk factors plays a leading role in the treatment of pre-dementia stages of CI. The possibilities of using nimodipine in the therapy of CI are analyzed.
Results of Expert Council meeting on modern principles of treatment optimization in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis using anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody
Authors: Boyko A. N. , Khachanova N. V. , Korobko D. S. , Kasatkin D. S. , Vlasov Ya. V. , Evdoshenko E. P. , Popova E. V. , Bakhtiyarova K. Z. , Sivertseva S. A.
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of the discussion of the use of anti-B-cell therapy in multiple sclerosis (MS). These cells play a significant role in immunoregulation in MS, not only by producing antibodies to myelin antigens after transformation into plasma cells, but also by presenting the antigen to T cells, producing activation cytokines, and forming laminar follicles. The article provides an expert consensus statement on different drugs of this class in the MS treatment. In addition, the possibilities of determining the disease prognosis for the initially correct treatment choice are highlighted. Undoubtedly, there is a need for confirmation of the MS diagnosis, possible stratification of patients into different risk groups, and evaluation of the response to therapy. Potential additional research methods included evoked potentials and optical coherence tomography, baseline vitamin D3 level as a prognostic marker of the disease course, neurofilament levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid to confirm neuron damage. However, it takes much time to study, determine the methodology, reference values, and develop a single standard approach to identify and implement a biomarker, which should then be implemented in routine clinical practice.
Role of educational programs in management of patients with medication-overuse headache
Authors: Shagbazyan A. E. , Kovalchuk N. A. , Tabeeva G. R.
Published: June 2021

Patients with primary headaches are prone to frequent uncontrolled use of analgesics, leading to medication-overuse headache (MOH). One of the most accessible and effective strategies for its prevention is informing patients about the potential danger of its development. For this, training programs («schools») are conducted.

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of educational programs in management of patients with MOH and its prevention.

Patients and methods. We included 120 patients (12 men and 108 women, mean age: men – 46.3±3.54 years, women – 41.3±9.5 years) with primary headache and MOH. The follow-up period was 12 months. First, patients were divided into two groups depending on the clinical diagnosis: group I (n=44) – patients with chronic primary headaches without MOH, group II (n=76) – patients with chronic primary headaches and MOH. Then, patients in each group were randomized into subgroups depending on the prescribed therapy. All participants underwent repeated clinical examinations and questionnaires assessment at 1-, 3- and 12-months follow-ups. In addition, all patients kept a headache diary. An educational «school» developed for this study was held in those subgroups where educational programs were specified.

Results and discussion. We observed a significant decrease in mean Headache-Attributed Lost Time (HALT) and Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) scores (р<0,05) at 12-months follow-up in subgroups where headache educational programs were combined with drug therapy, compared to the subgroups without educational programs. At the end of follow-up, we found a mean 1.75-fold increase in patients' treatment satisfaction (compared to baseline) in the subgroups where the «school» was held. Financial costs during the 12-month follow-up period for patients decreased by seven times because most patients stopped taking medications to relieve headaches.

Conclusion. Information and educational programs are an integral part of the management of patients with MOH.
Profile and frequency of antiparkinsonian drugs adverse reactions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tappakhov A. A. , Popova T. E. , Vasilev A. I. , Govorova T. G. , Khabarova Yu. I. , Timofeeva K. A. , Schnaider N. A.
Published: June 2021

Objective: to assess the predictors and prevalence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with antiparkinsonian drugs.

Materials and methods. 18 clinical studies and randomized controlled trials were included in the analysis. We combined all registered ADRs for each drug and made direct comparisons with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) calculation.

Results and discussion. Levodopa/benserazide (LB) had the best safety profile among levodopa drugs. Levodopa/carbidopa (LC) compared with LB was associated with more frequent development of nausea (OR=2.8; 95% CI: 1.51–5.21), aggravation of parkinsonism (OR=4.44; 95% CI: 2.12–9.28) and dizziness (OR=3.32; 95% CI: 1.5–7.33; p=0.002). Piribedil had the lowest number of ADRs among dopamine receptor agonists. Dizziness was more common with pramipexole and ropinirole than with levodopa (OR=1.82; 95% CI: 1.21–2.74 and OR=1.65; 95% CI: 1.11–2.44 respectively). Increased daytime sleepiness and peripheral edema have also been associated with pramipexole. Arterial hypertension was present in 9.6% of patients prescribed with piribedil. Amantadine compared with pramipexole was associated with a higher risk of hallucinations (OR=2.27; 95% CI: 1.24–4.12) and constipation (OR=2.40; 95% CI: 1.14–5.05). Patients prescribed with selegeline had higher odds of dizziness (OR=3.40; 95% CI: 1.76–6.55) and hallucinations (OR=4.30; 95% CI: 1.83–10.09) compared to rasagiline.

Conclusion. Based on the results, we propose a diagram of the relationship between ADRs and their frequency with antiparkinsonian drugs. We hope that the study will find clinical application and allow neurologists to consider the effectiveness and the expected risks of ADRs in the treatment of PD.
La «Summa Halensis»: tradición y renovación en torno al problema de la belleza
Authors: Costarelli Brandi Hugo Emilio
Published: June 2021

Uno de los puntos que la metafísica del siglo XIII recorrió con suma originalidad fue el de aquellos modos del ente, como la unidad, la verdad y el bien, que exceden los límites planteados por las categorías. Sin embargo, la belleza no tuvo en ello el protagonismo intelectual de los anteriores, sobre todo por haber sido presentada siempre en relación al bien, bajo cuyo auspicio parecía no encontrar un lugar propio. Ante a ello, la Summa redactada por Alejandro de Hales y un grupo de colaboradores, se ofrece como un caso original que intenta, desde una renovada lectura de la tradición, dar al pulchrum un estatuto particular, habilitando también con ello nuevos desarrollos especulativos.
San Agustín y la estética del romanticismo alemán
Authors: García Vázquez Milagros
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo plantea posibles conexiones entre el misticismo agustiniano y el pensamiento estético de San Agustín, con los principales fundamentos del Romanticismo alemán representado por tres autores, Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder y su texto Confesiones de un monje enamorado del arte, Caspar David Friedrich y su pintura Monje frente al mar, y Novalis y su obra lírica, narrativa y ensayística. De este modo, se busca dejar abierta otra posible vía de acercamiento al movimiento romántico y de conocimiento de sus ideales que pueda completar las perspectivas desde las cuales se han abordado hasta ahora las vidas y obras de estos autores. Igualmente, se podrá valorar la modernidad del pensamiento agustiniano y su vigencia siglos después de su época, no sólo en el ámbito teológico, sino también en el literario y estético.
La asociación de las ideas y el concepto de lo pintoresco en la estética británica de la ilustración
Authors: Murcia Serrano Inmaculada
Published: June 2021

Con el pretexto de revisar el significado y las implicaciones teóricas que trajo consigo la acuñación, en el siglo XVIII, del concepto de lo pintoresco, se intenta asentar con una nueva perspectiva la tesis de que la estética británica de la Ilustración experimenta un notable giro hacia la subjetividad como lugar de experimentación y de creación artística. Para ello, se estudia, en primer lugar, el mecanismo epistemológico empirista que ampara, en buena medida, la invención y el desarrollo de lo pintoresco, el de la asociación de las ideas, sin el cual es imposible entender —y esta es la segunda cuestión— la complejidad que adquiere el término y su relevancia para la subjetivación moderna de la estética.
La evolución de la teoría del furor poético en el neoplatonismo renacentista: la genial relectura de Giordano Bruno en «De gli eroici furori» (1585)
Authors: Pereira Daniel Ortiz
Published: June 2021

La teoría ficiniana de los furores dio lugar a uno de los debates fundamentales en el seno de las corrientes filosóficas neoplatónicas de los siglos XV y XVI, que se centró en el análisis de la naturaleza, las funciones y los atributos del poeta. Esta cuestión era especialmente significativa a la hora de dotar de completitud a dos de los elementos centrales del sistema de Ficino: la teoría de la catarsis y el postulado de la inmortalidad del alma. Esto generó, en consecuencia, un paradigma estético concordante con la verticalidad de la antropología neoplatónica, que, sin embargo, desdeñaba per se la creación de una poética en sentido estricto. Conforme la metafísica neoplatónica se fue dispersando y transformando a lo largo del Tardorrenacimiento, Giordano Bruno se percató, a partir de una relectura de los textos ficinianos sobre el furor en su obra de 1585 De gli eroici furori, de ciertas inconsistencias incompatibles con una sensibilidad artística y literaria incipiente, creando así un nuevo modelo estético integral. El análisis de esta evolución será el objeto central de este artículo.
Traffic sign recognition using convolutional neural networks
Authors: Akbar Mutaqin
Published: June 2021

Traffic sign recognition (TSR) can be used to recognize traffic signs by utilizing image processing. This paper presents traffic sign recognition in Indonesia using convolutional neural networks (CNN). The overall image dataset used is 2050 images of traffic signs, consisting of 10 kinds of signs. The CNN layer used in this study consists of one convolution layer, one pooling layer using maxpool operation, and one fully connected layer. The training algorithm used is stochastic gradient descent (SGD). At the training stage, using 1750 training images, 48 filters, and a learning rate of 0.005, the recognition results in 0.005 of loss and 100 % of accuracy. At the testing stage using 300 test images, the system recognizes the signs with 0.107 of loss and 97.33 % of accuracy.
Prawne aspekty wygaszenia trwałego zarządu a zarząd ustawowy Lasów Państwowych
Authors: Leśkiewicz Katarzyna
Published: June 2021

Celem rozważań jest ustalenie, czy a jeśli tak, to w jaki sposób możliwe jest wygaszenie zarządu powstałego w czasie obowiązywania ustawy o gospodarce gruntami i wywłaszczaniu nieruchomości w odniesieniu do nieruchomości znajdujących się w zarządzie Lasów Państwowych. Zdaniem autorki zarząd Lasów Państwowych sprawowany na podstawie ustawy o lasach nie podlega wygaszeniu tak jak zarząd trwały przewidziany w przepisach o gospodarce nieruchomościami. Ocena dopuszczalności wygaszenia zarządu powstałego na podstawie ustawy o gospodarce gruntami i wywłaszczaniu nieruchomości wymaga precyzyjnego ustalenia w szczególności, czy wspomniany akt prawny w ogóle mógł mieć zastosowanie do gruntów leśnych objętych decyzją stwierdzającą prawo zarządu, a ponadto, czy w tej sytuacji stosuje się przepisy art. 2 ust. 1 lub art. 4 ustawy z 29 września 1990 r. o zmianie ustawy o gospodarce gruntami i wywłaszczaniu nieruchomości. Jeśli bowiem to te ostatnie regulacje miały zastosowanie, to w takim przypadku nie mogło dojść do przekształcenia zarządu powstałego w czasie obowiązywania ustawy o gospodarce gruntami i wywłaszczaniu nieruchomości w trwały zarząd na podstawie art. 199 ust. 2 ustawy o gospodarce nieruchomościami.
Changing participation in web conferencing: the shared computer screen as an online sales interaction resource
Authors: Heinonen Pilvi , Niemi Jarkko , Kaski Timo
Published: June 2021

This article explores the increasing digitalization of workplace communication. Drawing on the material environment in a complex, technology-mediated workplace environment, the article investigates how remote sales interaction is constructed and managed by its participants. The data consist of web conferences conducted in Finland between a salesperson (SP) and a prospective customer (C). During the meeting, SP delivers a software solution demonstration on a shared computer screen on which only SP is able to take actions. Deploying the method of multimodal conversation analysis, the research focuses on how the shared computer screen is used as an interactional resource to achieve joint attention and to direct participants’ focus during the sales meeting. First, the shared screen view is SP’s resource; for instance, when SP describes the functionalities of the software, he/she recurrently uses deictic expressions and other linguistic means in combination with coordinated keyboard activity. Later, the shared screen view evolves into a medium for both participants’ actions. The findings suggest that, as the negotiation gets closer to the context of the customer organization’s business, C may use the screen as a vehicle for his/her own interactional purposes. Through a gradual growth in understanding of the software, C begins commenting on the screen view or guides SP’s actions on the shared screen, enabling both a collaborative sales interaction and knowledge construction in a complex technological environment. Unlike previous studies on technology-supported institutional telephone interactions, SP’s screen view in the present study is a resource shared by both the professional and the client. The study contributes both to the field of technology-mediated workplace studies as well as to the field of sales and marketing research.
Size-exclusion chromatography as a useful tool for the assessment of polymer quality and determination of macromolecular properties
Authors: Held Daniela , Kilz Peter
Published: June 2021

Polymers, macromolecules in nature and bio-polymers like proteins and antibodies are present in our every-day life and play an important role in our economy. They are obviously present as plastic products (e.g., containers, clothing, car tires) or components, e.g., as expedients in pharmaceutical formulations, additives in food and feed, stabilizers in cosmetics, used in construction materials, ceramics and are key in microchip production. Size-exclusion chromatography is the most important characterization technique for macromolecules. This review covers applications, instrumental setup, step-by-step guides for performing experiments and covers theoretical background as well as troubleshooting and tips and tricks.
Design and development of metamaterial bandpass filter for WLAN applications using circular split ring resonator
Authors: Revathi Gnanasekaran , Robinson Savarimuthu
Published: June 2021

In this paper, a metamaterial bandpass filter using Split Ring Resonators (SRR) is designed, analyzed, and developed for WLAN applications at 2.4 GHz frequency band. Here, metamaterial bandpass filters with and without Defected Ground Structure (DGS) are designed, analyzed and compared. The filter structure shows a considerable size reduction with 50% fractional bandwidth, quality factor of 2 and wide bandwidth. The simulation results of the proposed filters offered good insertion loss and return loss response. The filters have been modeled, fabricated and their performance has been evaluated using the Method Of Moment (MOM) based electromagnetic simulator IE3D. The dimensions of the proposed filter is 20 × 9 × 1.6 mm which is considerably reduced. The simulated and measured results projected that the proposed metamaterial filters are well suited for WLAN applications.
Supported on mesoporous silica nanospheres, molecularly imprinted polymer for selective adsorption of dichlorophen
Authors: Ma Yuxuan , Xu Yuan , Chen Hui , Guo Jifeng , Wei Xiao , Huang Lihui
Published: June 2021

The imprinted polymers were prepared to absorb dichlorophen (DCP) by using mesoporous silica with ordered pores and high specific surface area. Both scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy results suggested that the mesoporous silica nanosphere pores had a periodic distribution. The imprinted layer of polymers was thin and uniform. The adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of imprinted polymers was obviously improved due to the presence of mesoporous structure. The maximum adsorption capacity of MSNs@MIPs at 318 K was 91.1 mg/g, and the adsorption process rapidly reached the equilibrium within 40 min. The adsorption isotherm was well fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model, indicating that multimolecular layer adsorption mechanism governs the adsorption of DCP by the polymers. The adsorption of MSNs@MIPs complied with pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Both selective and regenerative experiments demonstrated that MSNs@MIPs can be successfully applied for selective adsorption of DCP.
Real-time hardware emulation of wind turbine model with asynchronous generator under hardware-in-the-loop platform
Authors: Thomas Tomson , Asok Prince , Mattathil Radhakrishnan Anoopraj , Puthenpurayil Sunil Kumar P. R.
Published: June 2021

Renewable energy sources are becoming as one of the major generation strategies around the world. The wind energy systems have been technologically advanced and integrated to the power system in a rapid routine. This paper looks into the modelling as well as operational exploration of a three blade wind turbine connected to asynchronous generator. State-of-the-art wind turbine topologies and a comparative summary of real-time simulation technologies for electrical systems are described. A 2.4 MW wind turbine with three blades is modelled for the analysis of power characteristics. The shift from sub-synchronous to super-synchronous mode is analysed for type-A wind energy conversion system (WECS) with 2 MW asynchronous generator by using MATLAB/Simulink model. The step-by-step standard operating procedure for modelling and real-time simulation of 2 MW type-A WECS having asynchronous generator under hardware-in-the-loop platform is elucidated. The steady state and transient behaviours of the WECS are validated by the real-time emulation under a hardware-in-the-loop platform.
Frequency stability analysis with fuzzy adaptive selfish herd optimization based optimal sliding mode controller for microgrids
Authors: Jena Narendra Kumar , Sahoo Subhadra , Sahu Binod Kumar , Mohanty Kanungo Barada
Published: June 2021

This article articulates the frequency control in an isolated microgrid (MG) under a centralized secondary controller. The penetration of distributed generators (DGs) which are weather dependant, and some of them are inertia less cause the instability in the MG. Besides this, unusual/abrupt load change, communication delay, and parameter change uncertainties make the MG more unstable. So, to restore the stability of the MG a sliding mode controller (SMC) is employed. The design of the SMC is carried by selfish herd optimization (SHO) algorithm. To validate the performance of SHO-SMC controller, it is compared with the results obtained by GOA-FOPID-(1+PI), SHO-PID, SHO- FOPID, and SHO-FOPID-(1+PI) controllers. Further, to establish an ameliorated dynamic response of the MG, SHO is modified by applying fuzzy logic named as fuzzy adaptive SHO (FA-SHO). In addition to this, in a two area MG, the potential of SHO/FA-SHO SMC controllers over SHO-SMC, and SHO/FA-SHO FOPID-(1+PI) controllers has been examined. Finally, with some crucial intermittent uncertainties like abrupt load change, time delay, and parameter variation, the robustness of the proposed controller is established.
Residual stress and simulation of 304–430 stainless steel dissimilar laser-welded joints incorporating materials heterogeneity
Authors: Zhao Xilong , He Feng , Wang Kun
Published: June 2021

An Nd:YAG laser device is used to conduct laser welding for a 1 mm austenitic stainless steel plate and a ferritic stainless steel plate. A finite element model of the shear punching test is constructed to generate the maximum shear strength in the weld, and the finite element model of laser welding is created using the welding temperature field. The hole drilling test result and the residual stress generated by two algorithms (Nonuniform-material and uniform-material) are compared. Results show that a drop-off of residual stress in the central area of the welded joint is observed when materials heterogeneity is disregarded. When materials heterogeneity is considered, the residual stress curve indicates smooth transition. The value of the latter appears reasonably similar to the experimental value. Therefore, this solution is advantageous in terms of residual stress simulation in dissimilar welded joints and does not critically affect residual deformation.
An intronic variant disrupts mRNA splicing and causes FGFR3-related skeletal dysplasia
Authors: Xu Ting , Shi Liang , Dai Weiqian , Gu Xuefan , Yu Yongguo , Fan Yanjie
Published: June 2021

Objectives

Achondroplasia and hypochondroplasia are the most common forms of disproportionate short stature, of which the vast majority of cases can be attributed to the hotspot missense mutations in the gene FGFR3. Here we presented cases with a novel cryptic splicing variant of FGFR3 gene and aimed to interrogate the variant pathogenicity.

Case presentaiton

In whole exome sequencing of two patients with hypochondroplasia-like features, a de novo intronic variant c.1075 + 95C>G was identified, predicted to alter mRNA splicing. Minigene assay showed that this intronic variant caused retention of a 90-nucleotide segment of intron 8 in mRNA, resulting in a 30-amino acid insertion at the extracellular domain of the protein. This is the first likely pathogenic splicing variant identified in the FGFR3 gene and was detected in one additional patient among 26 genetically unresolved patients.

Conclustions

Our results strongly suggest that c.1075 + 95C>G is a recurrent mutation and should be included in genetic testing of FGFR3 especially for those patients with equivocal clinical findings and no exonic mutations identified.
Neurological and gastrointestinal symptoms as an initial presentation of pediatric thyroid storm: report of three cases
Authors: Nogami Masao , Constantine Shadia , Sai Shuji
Published: June 2021

Objectives

Thyroid storm (TS) is a rare but life-threatening condition caused by decompensated hyperthyroidism. There is no consensus on how to diagnose pediatric TS. We report three pediatric cases of TS presenting with central nervous system (CNS) and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms as the initial presentation of Graves’ disease.

Case presentation

They were previously healthy adolescents without family history of thyroid disease. CNS symptoms varied from agitation to coma. GI symptoms included abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. Their laboratory studies revealed thyrotoxicosis and positive result of thyroid-stimulating antibody (TSAb). They were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and received the combination of an antithyroid drug, Lugol’s solution, a beta antagonist, and hydrocortisone. The most severe case was a 13 year-old Japanese girl who presented with loss of consciousness and hemodynamic shock. She died after 5 days of intensive treatment.

Conclusions

Pediatricians should consider TS in the differential diagnosis when a patient exhibits both CNS and GI symptoms.
What defines biomimetic and bioinspired science and engineering?
Authors: Rybicka-Jasińska Katarzyna , Derr James B. , Vullev Valentine I.
Published: June 2021

Biomimicry, biomimesis and bioinspiration define distinctly different approaches for deepening the understanding of how living systems work and employing this knowledge to meet pressing demands in engineering. Biomimicry involves shear imitation of biological structures that most often do not reproduce the functionality that they have while in the living organisms. Biomimesis aims at reproduction of biological structure-function relationships and advances our knowledge of how different components of complex living systems work. Bioinspiration employs this knowledge in abiotic manners that are optimal for targeted applications. This article introduces and reviews these concepts in a global historic perspective. Representative examples from charge-transfer science and solar-energy engineering illustrate the evolution from biomimetic to bioinspired approaches and show their importance. Bioinspired molecular electrets, aiming at exploration of dipole effects on charge transfer, demonstrate the pintail impacts of biological inspiration that reach beyond its high utilitarian values. The abiotic character of bioinspiration opens doors for the emergence of unprecedented properties and phenomena, beyond what nature can offer.
Chirp waveform control to produce broad harmonic plateau and single attosecond pulse
Authors: Liu Hang , Xu Cui-Yan , Jing Xiao-Dan , Qiao Yan , Feng Li-Qiang
Published: June 2021

Waveform control of three kinds of chirped pulses (i.e. βt, βt
2 and βt
3) to produce harmonic spectra and attosecond pulses has been investigated. It is found that by properly choosing the chirps, the chirp delays and the other laser parameters, not only the instantaneous frequency of some specific half profiles can be decreased, but also its intensity can be increased. As a result, the free electron can receive more energy when it accelerates in these regions, thus leading to the extension of the harmonic cutoff and harmonic plateau. Finally, through the Fourier transformation of the harmonic spectra and by superposing some harmonics, three single attosecond pulses with the durations of 30 as, 33 as and 39 as can be obtained.
III. Die Summa Monacensis und ihre verwandten Werke
Authors: Genka Tatsushi
Published: June 2021

The Summa Monacensis and its Relatives. In his study on the birth of the Parisian school of canon law Peter Landau argues that the Summa Parisiensis was not written in Paris, as has commonly been thought, but in Sens, and that the Summa Monacensis marks the beginning of the Parisian school of canon law. The question of precedence having remained open, the Summa Monacensis and and its relatives, the so-called circle of the Summa Monacensis, indeed are an important foundation of the Parisian school of canon law. The present study tries to elucidate the internal relations of the circle of the Summa Monacensis. More precisely, drawing on some major works of the circle, it tries to prove Stephan Kuttner’s hypothesis of a common source attributed to an unknown master. It will be argued that there seems to have been a common source, of which each work of the circle represents a unique form of tradition. Following Landau’s argumentation, it will also be argued that the common source should be attributed to the author of the Summa Monacensis.
“Because his mother was a Saracen” Pope Alexander III and the Case of Miguel de San Nicolás of Toledo (with two new letters from the Archivo Catedralicio de Toledo)
Authors: Lincoln Kyle C.
Published: June 2021

This short note edits and studies (briefly) the contents of two previously unpublished letters from the Archivo Catedralicio de Toledo. The two letters describe the case of a young sub-deacon in the archdiocesan parish of San Nicolas, whose mother was born a Muslim but converted prior to the young cleric’s conception. The conflict over his status required a visit to Rome, and resulted in a clarification of a gray area in canon law.
Kreislaufwirtschaft in Produktionsnetzwerken
Authors: Klenk Felix , Potarca Matthias , Häfner Benjamin , Lanza Gisela
Published: June 2021

Die Kreislaufwirtschaft als Konzept zur nachhaltigen Produktion weist eine stetig steigende Relevanz auf. Gleichzeitig stellt deren Umsetzung für Unternehmen häufig eine große Herausforderung dar und erfordert branchen- und produktspezifische Lösungen. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist die Schaffung eines Rahmenmodells für Anforderungen und Charakteristika einer kreislauffähigen Produktion, sowie die Analyse von Konzepten, welche einen Wandel zu zirkulären Geschäftsprozessen ermöglichen.
Wasserstoffinfrastruktur für Flurförderzeuge
Authors: Wagner Miriam , Hermann Anna , Stiede Thomas , Fottner Johannes
Published: June 2021

Die geringe Marktdurchdringung von wasserstoffbetriebenen Flurförderzeugen in Intralogistikanwendungen in Europa sorgt für fehlende Erfahrungen zum Wasserstoffbezug und beim Aufbau der notwendigen Infrastruktur. Diese Unsicherheiten wiederum hemmen den Einsatz von Brennstoffzellen. Eine Betrachtung technisch möglicher Aufbauformen ist erforderlich, um mit dem entwickelten Vorgehen zur Dimensionierung der Komponenten der Betankungsanlage eine Orientierung in der Planung und Entscheidung für den Einsatz zu schaffen.
Überwachung des Mensch-Roboter-Kollaborationsraums mittels Millimeterwellen-Radar
Authors: Abdelawwad Mohamed , Borowski Torsten , Börcsök Josef , Drabesch Malte , Hägelen Manfred , Schwarz Michael H. , Voß Christian , Zech Christian
Published: June 2021

In diesem Beitrag wird ein neuartiges Sensorsystem für die Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration vorgestellt, das auf Millimeterwellen-Radartechnologie basiert und entscheidende Vorteile gegenüber aktuell genutzten Sensortechnologien bietet. Es besteht aus einem Radarsensorring, der beliebig an Roboterachsen angebracht werden kann, einem Sensorknoten und einer Auswertungseinheit. Das System wurde im Zuge des BMBF-geförderten Forschungsprojekts RoKoRa entwickelt und in einem funktionalen Demonstrator realisiert.
The Effects of a Ketogenic Diet on Anthropometric Parameters, Metabolic Adaptation, and Physical Fitness Performance in Amateur Endurance Athletes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Moreno-Villanueva Adrián , Rico-González Markel , Pino-Ortega José
Published: June 2021

Implementing ketogenic diets (KDs) in endurance athletes is currently an interesting topic. This article aimed to systematically review the effects of KDs on anthropometric, metabolic, and performance parameters in endurance sport athletes, highlighting the recommendations about how they should be used. This systematic review was performed under Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and it was performed using 2 databases (i.e., PubMed and Web of Sciences). From the 1,485 studies initially identified, 14 were fully reviewed, and their outcome measures were extracted and analyzed. Regarding anthropometrics, KDs (i.e., daily caloric intake of carbohydrates [CH] < 5%) can lead to a reduction of body weight and percentage fat mass, with a possible impact on maintenance of fat-free mass. Regarding the metabolic adaptations, KDs lead to glycogen storage and fat mobilization, specifically, when using daily caloric intake of CH less than 8%. However, no positive or negative physical fitness and conditioning effects have been found when using KDs. In conclusion, although KDs could be a suitable strategy to induce anthropometric and metabolic changes, this type of diet could not be suitable to improve amateur endurance athletes’ performance.
Koloniale Fesseln brechen. Afrikanische Dekolonisierungsprozesse auf sowjetischen Plakaten der 1960er-Jahre
Authors: Föger Katharina
Published: June 2021

Breaking Colonial Shackles. African Decolonization Processes on Soviet Posters of the 1960sSince its beginnings, the Soviet Union has emphasized its anti-colonial solidarity. This paper examines how this political ambition was displayed on soviet posters during African decolonization processes in the 1960s. Combining the graphic analysis by Panofsky and the analytical focus on physical representations, it will be shown how the depiction of a strong, young man was used to create an ideal picture of an emancipated African freedom fighter who opposes western colonial powers.
The Exclusionary Power of Microfinance
Authors: Green W. Nathan , Bylander Maryann
Published: June 2021

In recent years, international banks, investment agencies, and development institutions have created new markets for capital accumulation by rapidly expanding the commercial microfinance industry in the global South. In Cambodia, which has one of the largest microfinance industries in the world, the typical loan amount now exceeds the average annual household income and requires land-based collateral. Cambodian borrowers are increasingly over-indebted, compelling families to reduce their food consumption, take out new loans to service prior debts, migrate, and/or sell their land in distress. In this paper, we investigate this last effect of over-indebtedness, distress land sales. We argue that the exclusionary power of microfinance debt—constituted by collateralized legal contracts, discourses of moral responsibility, and public shame—is driving land dispossession among the country’s most vulnerable people. To make our argument, we draw on ethnographic fieldwork, supplemented by quantitative data from the Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey, MIX Market, and two industry-sponsored large-scale quantitative surveys of over-indebtedness. We trace the rise of the commercial microfinance industry, show how it has contributed to over-indebtedness, and consider how household debts can lead to distress land sales. These land sales have largely gone unacknowledged in the industry because they take place through informal channels rather than the court system. We conclude that microfinance-debt-induced land dispossession in Cambodia is a product of an overly commercialized international microfinance industry that now values profits over people.
Pandemija COVID-19 mijenja uobičajen pristup u nadzoru nad dobrom proizvođačkom praksom
Authors: Kolonić Teo , Bencetić Marijanović Martina , Tomić Siniša
Published: June 2021

Dobra proizvođačka praksa (GMP) je skup različitih smjernica, pravila i normi koje jamče učinkovitost, kvalitetu, sigurnost i dosljednost u proizvodnji i kontroli lijekova. Nadzor nad dobrom proizvođačkom praksom u Hrvatskoj provodi Agencija za lijekove i medicinske proizvode (HALMED). U svrhu održavanja konzistentnih inspekcijskih standarda, HALMED ima razvijen Poslovnik kakvoće izrađen u skladu s europskim smjernicama. Inspektori Agencije imaju odgovarajuća znanja i iskustvo te se trajno usavršavaju. Po obavljenoj inspekciji, HALMED izdaje proizvodnu dozvolu i potvrdu o provođenje dobre proizvođačke prakse (GMP potvrdu) za proizvođače u Republici Hrvatskoj te GMP potvrdu za proizvođače iz trećih zemalja. S obzirom na nemogućnost izlaska inspektora na teren uslijed pandemijske situacije, sve se češće pribjegava ocjeni na daljinu.
Talionica Caprag – ishodište Metalurškog kombinata Željezare Sisak
Authors: Gojić Mirko
Published: June 2021

U radu je prikazano osnivanje Talionice Caprag u Sisku (1938. godine), preteče Metalurškog kombinata Željezare Sisak, kao najveće i najvažnije metalurške tvornice u Republici Hrvatskoj (RH). Ukratko je opisan postupak proizvodnje sirovog željeza u visokoj peći, uključujući i tehničke karakteristike visoke peći i pomoćne opreme u to vrijeme. Prikazana je proizvodnja sirovog željeza prije, za vrijeme i neposredno nakon II. svjetskog rata. Prikazana je uloga i značenje ing. Miroslava Tomca, utemeljitelja industrije crne metalurgije u RH. Opisana je obnova i proizvodnja sirovog željeza u Talionici Caprag sve do početka izgradnje Željezare Sisak (1948. godine).
Development and Analysis of a Sales-Based Leading Indicator for Economic Developments
Authors: Schmitz Christian , Schneider Janina-Vanessa , Guba Jan Helge , Ahlers Michael , Wieseke Jan
Published: June 2021

As official statistics concerning macroeconomic changes are often presented with delay, economic barometers with the ability to forecast developments have a high relevance for managerial and political decision makers. Despite the sales function being frequently named as one central source of information for business forecasts, it is often neglected in this context. The aim of this paper is the development of a sales-based leading indicator using a first empirical validation with a sample of 3,584 respondents over a period of 15 quarters (2017-2020). Through an explorative study, the authors demonstrate that this indicator has the capacity make predictions about GDP developments. The paper provides first results showing specific circumstances under which the forecast is stronger. This paper offers an alternative perspective for the development of a leading indicator, therefore provides an important addition to this research field. It shows that sales executives are important to be considered in this context.
The Interface Between Marketing and Sales: The State of the Art and a Research Agenda
Authors: Radtke Sören A. , Paul Marian E.
Published: June 2021

Marketing and sales often have to work hand in hand. Therefore, several studies have investigated the drivers and consequences of the quality of cooperation between the two departments. We review empirical research on the effect of the quality of cooperation on business performance and on the drivers of the quality of cooperation, to achieve two objectives. First, we summarise the most important findings on the marketing–sales interface in a compact and structured way to give guidance to managers on how to facilitate high-quality cooperation. Second, we identify the major gaps in the literature and outline a research agenda with suggestions for future research on how to address them.
(Hedonic) Shopping Will Find a Way: The COVID-19 Pandemic and its Impact on Consumer Behavior
Authors: Gröppel-Klein Andrea , Kirsch Kenya-Maria , Spilski Anja
Published: June 2021

The issue currently permeating is how COVID-19 affects our lives, including in terms of consumer behavior. For example, sales of men’s suits have fallen sharply since March 2020, while there has been high demand for jogging pants. While German online retailing was able to increase sales by double digits in 2020, downtown retailers of non-food articles (e.g., textiles, shoes, etc.) had to accept a decrease of more than 20% (HDE 2021, p. 11). Our article focuses on the questions of whether consumer behavior has been fundamentally affected by the crisis, whether previously formed shopping patterns have dissipated and led to new shopping behavior, and whether old habits will return. Using two surveys at different timestamps of the pandemic, we analyze the impact on consumers’ shopping styles and particularly discuss whether the pandemic has permanently changed online shopping tendencies and ethical behavior, and whether the desire for experience-oriented shopping has changed.
Transformation der Strategie und des Controllings bei MAHLE
Authors: Frick Michael , Thiele Jan-Frederek , Pedell Burkhard
Published: June 2021

Der MAHLE Konzern ist ein international führender Entwicklungspartner und Zulieferer der Automobilindustrie und hat den Anspruch, Mobilität effizienter, umweltschonender und komfortabler zu gestalten, indem er den Verbrennungsmotor weiter optimiert, die Nutzung alternativer Kraftstoffe vorantreibt und gleichzeitig das Fundament für die breite Akzeptanz und flächendeckende Einführung der Elektromobilität legt. Das Produktportfolio, basierend auf einer breiten Systemkompetenz, deckt mit Motorsystemen und -komponenten, der Filtration und dem Thermomanagement alle wichtigen Fragestellungen entlang des Antriebsstrangs und der Klimatechnik ab. Hinzu kommt das Know-how für elektrische und elektronische Komponenten sowie integrierte Systemlösungen für die Elektromobilität. Produkte von MAHLE sind in mindestens jedem zweiten Fahrzeug weltweit verbaut. Im Geschäftsjahr 2019 erwirtschaftete der MAHLE Konzern mit mehr als 77.000 Mitarbeitern an rund 160 Produktionsstandorten und 16 Forschungs- und Entwicklungszentren rund 12,0 Mrd. Euro Umsatz.
El panteón lingüístico chibcha y sus vecinos
Authors: Quesada Pacheco Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2021

Se caracterizan y clasifican cinco lenguas indígenas del Área Intermedia, ya extintas, según la cantidad de los hallazgos sobre su estructura lingüística. En el proceso de extinción de una lengua hay subgrados, dependiendo del material disponible para su estudio, el grado de conocimiento que tengan los descendientes de la comunidad hablante y su deseo de revitalizarla. Según estos criterios, las etapas del proceso de extinción, de menor a mayor gravedad, se representan por las cinco lenguas analizadas de la siguiente manera: boruca, chibcha o muisca, huetar, quepo y suerre.Five extinct indigenous languages of the Intermediate Area are characterized and classified according to findings on their linguistic structure. In the extinction process of a language, there are several categories according to the material available for their study, the amount of knowledge that the descendents of a language community have and their interest in reviving the language. Following these criteria, the stages in the extinction process (from a lesser to a greater extent) are represented, as follows, by the five languages analyzed: Boruca, Chibcha o Muisca, Huetar, Quepo and Suerre.
La enseñanza comunicativa del inglés en el ciclo diversificado en Costa Rica: imágenes de algunas realidades
Authors: Domian Sánchez Catalina , Fonseca Solórzano Hilda , Lara Jiménez Rocío , Rodríguez Salazar Sonia
Published: June 2021

Análisis sucinto de una investigación de campo efectuada con estudiantes de 10 grado y 11 grado de colegios urbanos y rurales, públicos y privados, de Heredia. La investigación explora las metodologías empleadas por el profesorado y la aplicación del enfoque de la enseñanza comunicativa de la lengua y su relación con el Examen de bachillerato.A field study was carried out with tenth and eleventh grade students in private and public, urban and rural high schools in Heredia. The research focused on exploring the methodologies used by the instructors as well as on the implementation of the Communicative Language Teaching Approach and its relationship with the Standardized English Test.
Reflexiones onomasiológicas en torno al papel de la administración en los programas de Español como lengua extranjera
Authors: Benavides Segura Bianchinetta , Herrera Morera Gisselle
Published: June 2021

Es un planteo de base teórica sobre la incorporación efectiva de la conciencia intercultural en los programas de Español como lengua extranjera (ELE) y de la influencia de las personas encargadas de administrar y facilitar su adecuada inclusión. La competencia en una lengua extranjera supone tanto capacidades lingüísticas, como el conocimiento y apropiación del conjunto de valores, creencias y normas culturales que conforman la identidad individual y colectiva de una comunidad académica.This is a theoreticalIy-based proposal conceming the effective incorporation of intercultural awareness in Spanish as a Foreign Language (SFL) programs and the influence of administering facilitating its adequate inclusion. Proficiency in a foreign language involves not only linguistic skills but also a knowledge and appropriation of the cultural values, beliefs and norms integrated in the individual and collective identity of an academic community.
Strength and stiffness of 8-Inch and 12-Inch deep mixed oak bolt-laminated timber mats
Authors: Shmulsky Rubin , Verly Lopes Dercilio Junior , Pollastrelli Rodrigues Brunella , Bobadilha Gabrielly dos Santos
Published: June 2021

Ground support provided by crane mats ensures the safety of workers and integrity of heavy-duty machines. Analytical evaluation of timber mats is necessary to advance the development of engineering standards associated with wood-based as well as other types of mats. The goal of this study was to mechanically evaluate bending stiffness and strength of timber 8-inch and 12-inch deep mixed oak bolt-laminated timber mats. The 8-inch-deep specimen dimensions were 24 inches wide and 12 feet long, while 12-inch-deep specimens were 24 inches wide and 18 feet long. Twenty-eight specimens of each depth were flexurally tested over a 17:1 span to depth ratio. The modulus of elasticity along with the parametric and non-parametric design strength values are presented herein. The characterization of timber crane mats by analyzing their mechanical properties provides a starting point for producers and users to understand the performance and applications of their product. Further research will allow investigation of alternative materials, sizes, and structural designs.
How to Determine Individual Risk Due to Toxic, Fire, and Explosion Accidents in a Hydrocarbon Processing Area?
Authors: Julio Ariel Dueñas Santana  , Amelia González Miranda  , Jesús Luis Orozco  , Yanelys Cuba Arana  , Dainelys Febles Lantigua  , Jonathan Serrano Febles
Published: June 2021

Accidents in the processing and storage of hydrocarbons can cause severe damage to people, not only within the facility but also in nearby places. In those cases, the occurrence of a major accident is considered. Moreover, there are many studies on how to determine the impact on people of these types of events. However, there is a real need to establish a methodology that integrates risk analysis techniques with other artificial intelligence ones and, in this way, to include the likelihood of the domino effect. For this reason, this research aims to determine the individual risk due to the domino effect of toxic, fire, and explosion accidents that can occur in a hydrocarbon processing area. For this purpose, a logical sequence of analysis of eight fundamental stages was made. In addition, the Bayesian and Petri networks are developed to determine the joint probability of the domino effect at different levels and the damages caused by toxicity, respectively. Finally, the individual risk is obtained, expressed using isorisk maps. As main results, these maps confirm that three deaths can occur up to 200 meters, while 250 will cause approximately four in just 10 years, values that decrease to 500 meters and are considered high according to specialized literature. Hence, this methodology is vital to quantify the possible damages of toxic accidents, fires, and explosions on people in the hydrocarbon processing industry.