bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yield Gap Analysis of County Level Irrigated Wheat in Hebei Province, China
Authors: Liu Zitong , Yin Yulong , Pan Junxiao , Ying Hao , Lu Dianjun , Batchelor W.D. , Ma Wenqi , Cui Zhenling
Published: September 2019

Yield gap analyses are useful for examining differences between potential yield (Yp) and actual yield realized in farmer fields. However, it is often difficult to estimate the attainable yields in smallholder farm agriculture. In this study, we estimated the yield gaps in irrigated wheat in the Hebei Province in China using data from farmer surveys and crop modeling. The EPIC (Environment Policy Integrated Climate) model was calibrated and evaluated for high‐yielding wheat experiments in Hebei Province to estimate the Yp at the county level. The model was run for 10 yr (2005–2014) using county‐level weather data, and the area‐weighted average model‐based estimate of Yp was 9.93 Mg ha−1 across 116 counties in Hebei Province, which was higher than the estimate of approximately 9.0 Mg ha−1 that was reported in previous studies. The attainable yield potential (Ya) during this period was defined as the mean yield of the top 5% of farmers, and the actual farm yield (Yf) in these counties was calculated based on a survey of 385,167 farmers. The area‐weighted average Yf was 6.47 Mg ha−1, corresponding to 65.2% of the model‐based estimate of Yp. The total yield gap was high at 3.46 Mg ha−1. The top‐producing farmers achieved only 77% of the model‐based Yp, which indicates that closing the yield gap remains a challenge. In the future, investments should be made in technology transfer for irrigated wheat production in China.

Core Ideas

We evaluated yield gap based on model study and survey of 385,167 farmers.

Model‐based yield potential of irrigated wheat averaged 9.93 Mg ha−1.

Farmers achieved 65.2% of yield potential, giving a yield gap of 3.46 Mg ha−1.

The top 5% of farmers in the survey achieved 77% of yield potential.
Optimizing Management of Mulched Fertigation Systems to Improve Maize Production Efficiency in Northeast China
Authors: Wang Meng , Wang Lichun , Cui Zhenling , Chen Xinping , Hou Yunpeng
Published: September 2019

Mulched fertigation (MF) systems are quickly becoming one of the most promising technologies for achieving both high yields and high efficiencies in China. However, some regions show unsatisfactory results due to poor management. In this study, we designed a whole‐maize (Zea mays L.) production system (DS) based on the local environment, drawing on appropriate hybrid, densities, and advanced nutrient and water managements on the maize belt of Northeast China (NEC). Then, we performed seven on‐farm experiments over 2 yr to assess agronomic and economic performances comparing DS and farmers’ practices (FP) and conventional recommendations for high yield (HY) with the MF system. The grain yield with the DS averaged 14.5 Mg ha−1 with nutrient use efficiencies of 54 kg N kg−1, 161 kg P kg−1, and 161 kg K kg−1, and water productivity of 31.8 kg mm−1, which were all significantly higher than those of the FP. As a result, the net economic return of the DS significantly increased by 116% compared to the FP. The amount of fertilizer and irrigation water with the DS were 22 and 62% lower than those of HY, yet no yield losses occurred. As a result, water productivity and nutrient use efficiencies increased by 84% and 31 to 42%, respectively. Our DS optimized crop, fertilizer and water management provides an alternative approach to simultaneously increase both grain yield and resource use efficiency in China and could be applied to other similar arid and semiarid regions worldwide.

Core Ideas

We designed maize production system of mulched fertigation with hybrid maize model.

Designed system had higher crop yields and economic returns than farmers’ practices.

Designed system had higher nutrient efficiency and water productivity than high‐yielding and farmers’ system.

The higher postanthesis biomass and N uptake was crucial for both high yield and high efficiency.
Optimal Wheat Seeding Rate is Influenced by Cultivar‐Specific Topsoil and Subsoil Root Traits
Authors: Fang Yan , Miao Qingxia , Liu Shuo , Xu Bingcheng , Zhang Suiqi , Siddique Kadambot H.M. , Palta Jairo , Chen Yinglong
Published: September 2019

Competition among plants for limited soil resources is influenced, in part, by seeding rate. This study aimed to investigate how cultivars that differ in root traits affect water acquisition and the optimal seeding rate. Three cultivars of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with contrasting root systems (CW134, more roots in topsoil and less roots in subsoil; CH58, small root biomass; CH1, less roots in topsoil and more roots in subsoil) were sown at 180, 225, and 280 seeds m−2 in 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 in a semiarid farmland on the Loess Plateau of China. As the seeding rate increased, grain yield declined in CW134, with topsoil roots increasing and subsoil roots decreasing in both seasons. In contrast, both grain yield and subsoil roots increased in CH1, and the highest grain yield was produced by CH1 at 280 seeds m−2 in both seasons. Subsoil root traits had a positive effect on soil water consumption after anthesis, which was strongly affected by yield components in the dryer season (2015–2016). However, the reverse was true for topsoil root traits. In 2014–2015, the topsoil roots had a positive effect on soil water consumption before anthesis, and aboveground traits at anthesis had a greater positive effect on yield components. To maintain higher yields in semiarid environments, genotypes with more topsoil roots should have lower seeding rates to alleviate the negative effect of excessive topsoil roots on postanthesis water absorption, while the reverse may be true for genotypes with more roots in subsoil layers.

Core Ideas

Excessive topsoil roots negatively affected postanthesis water absorption under drought stress.

Increased root length in subsoil layers helped exploitation of deep soil water after anthesis.

In semiarid areas, genotypes with large topsoil root traits should use lower seeding rates.

Increased seeding rates may help yields of genotypes with more roots in subsoil layers.
Horseweed Control with Preplant Herbicides after Mechanical Injury from Small Grain Harvest
Authors: Flessner Michael L. , Pittman Kara B.
Published: September 2019

Horseweed [Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist] plants present during small grains harvest are variable in size, but tall plants are mechanically cut (“topped”) by the combine. Horseweed is best controlled prior to planting double‐cropped soybeans, which must be planted quickly after harvest to preserve yield potential. This urgency eliminates an opportunity for horseweed regrowth, leaving topped plants with reduced leaf area for herbicide spray interception, likely impacting herbicidal control, but little information has been reported in this regard. Horseweed control is further complicated by the prevalence of multiple herbicide‐resistant biotypes. Therefore, field research was conducted to evaluate herbicidal control of glyphosate‐susceptible horseweed that was topped (cut to 46 cm tall) prior to treatment. Additional greenhouse experiments evaluated glyphosate‐resistant horseweed at the rosette and bolt growth stages as well as topped plants prior to treatment. Paraquat alone or in combination with 2,4‐D or dicamba, resulted in 80 to 100% control of topped horseweed across field and greenhouse experiments. In greenhouse experiments, the rosette growth stage was most effectively controlled, followed by the bolt growth stage, which was similar or more effectively controlled, compared with topped horseweed. The authors recommend paraquat with 2,4‐D or dicamba for control of topped horseweed plants, due to efficacy and mixing of multiple effective herbicides.

Core Ideas

Small grains harvest equipment can cut horseweed, reducing herbicide efficacy.

Paraquat containing treatments controlled rosette, bolt, and topped horseweed ≥80%.

Dicamba and 2,4‐D controlled rosette stage glyphosate‐resistant horseweed >90%.

Authors recommend paraquat with 2,4‐D or dicamba to control topped horseweed.
Nutrient Cycling in Organic Field Crops in Canada and the United States
Authors: Carr Patrick M. , Cavigelli Michel A. , Darby Heather , Delate Kathleen , Eberly Jed O. , Gramig Greta G. , Heckman Joseph R. , Mallory Ellen B. , Reeve Jennifer R. , Silva Erin M. , Suchoff David H. , Woodley Alex L.
Published: September 2019

Organic farmers have identified soil fertility and weed management as the two highest research priority areas. No review exists of research on soil nutrient management in organic field crop systems. We conducted a comprehensive review to identify the principles and factors governing nutrient management, knowledge gaps, and future research needs in organic grain and other field crop systems in Canada and the United States. We compared results from research conducted in different climates, soils, and crop rotational sequences. Results indicate that (i) dual‐use cover/green manure crops and/or animal manure are the most common sources of plant available N and other nutrients in organic field crop systems; (ii) soil nutrient deficiencies can develop through sole reliance on cover/green manure crops; (iii) dependence on animal manure can lead to N and P excesses; (iv) conventional soil testing procedures may not accurately predict crop nutrient needs; (v) greater knowledge of microbial processes governing nutrient cycling is needed; and (vi) better understanding of the impact of weeds on soil fertility may create weed and nutrient management synergies. Knowledge gaps include a lack in understanding of how the soil and plant biomes influence nutrient‐use efficiency and how crop diversity and rotations impact soil fertility, sustainability, and resilience in organic field crop systems. Likewise, interactions between weeds, crops, soil fertility, and weed management strategies are poorly understood.

Core Ideas

Soil, climate, fertility sources, and land use impact organic nutrient management strategies.

Cover/green manure crops and animal manures are used to maintain soil fertility on organic farms.

Conventional soil testing may not be ideally suited to organic systems.

Tracking soil nutrient temporal changes can improve comprehensive nutrient management plans.

More research of how weeds and soil microbial community structure/function impact nutrient cycling and crop production is needed.
Effects of Deficit Irrigation on Yield and Oil Content of Sesame, Safflower, and Sunflower
Authors: Pabuayon Irish Lorraine B. , Singh Sukhbir , Ritchie Glen L.
Published: September 2019

The use of deficit irrigation (DI) management in growing crops tolerant of the semiarid conditions in West Texas may save irrigation without significant yield penalties. Field experiments were conducted at New Deal, TX, in 2017 and 2018 to determine the effects of four levels of DI (extreme, severe, moderate, and mild) on the seed yield, yield components, harvest index (HI), and oil content of three oilseed crops: sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Combined irrigation and precipitation equivalent to 345 mm applied throughout the crop's life cycle was sufficient to maintain growth and development without significant penalties to the yield, yield components, HI, and oil content of the crops. Seed yields ranged from 1241 to 1359 kg ha−1 in sesame, 1365 to 1676 kg ha−1 in safflower, and 1174 to 3367 kg ha−1 in sunflower. Oil content of sesame ranged from 50.1 to 52.3%, oil content of safflower ranged from 35.4 to 39.5%, and oil content of sunflower ranged from 24.0 to 46.8%. Heavy precipitation from vegetative to reproductive stage caused favorable conditions for pest proliferation and damage to sunflower, highlighting a possible pitfall due to its pest susceptibility. Results demonstrate that sesame, safflower, and sunflower are potential low‐input oilseed crops that can grow under DI conditions without significant reductions to yield and oil content. In conjunction with economic evaluations, these results can be useful when developing or re‐assessing guidelines for optimal agronomic practices involving non‐traditional crops under reduced irrigation.

Core Ideas

Low water input can support acceptable growth and yield for oilseed crops.

Oilseed crops acclimatize to water deficit conditions to maintain productivity.

Deficit‐adapted crops thrive under low precipitation during growth.

Deficit‐adapted crops can maintain productivity despite reduced water application.
Cover Crop Effects on Corn Plant Sap Flow Rates and Soil Water Dynamics
Authors: Rankoth Lalith M. , Udawatta Ranjith P. , Gantzer Clark J. , Jose Shibu , Nelson Kelly A.
Published: September 2019

Cover crops (CC) are used for soil quality improvement. However, the effects of CC on soil water availability for cash crop is yet inconclusive. Plant sap flow measurement techniques are among the most reliable methods to evaluate water stress and water consumption by measuring the whole‐plant transpiration. The objective of the study was to quantify plant sap flow dynamics in corn (Zea mays L.), soil water dynamics, and corn yields in response to CC and no cover crop (NCC) management. The study was conducted at Bradford Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, in 2017 and 2018. A Dynamax Flow32‐1K sap flow measurement system and a CR1000 data logger with Dynagage sensors were used to measure sap flow rates. Volumetric soil moisture (VSM) content was estimated at 15‐min intervals by Campbell CS‐616 sensors installed at 10‐, 20‐, and 30‐cm soil depths in 2018. The NCC corn plants had greater daily average sap flow rates early and lower sap flow rates later in the season compared with CC. The CC treatment showed significantly greater VSM than NCC, with 14, 12, and 4% greater values at 10‐, 20‐, and 30‐cm depths, respectively. Corn yield in 2017 was significantly greater in NCC treatment than in the CC treatment, with values of 8.07 Mg ha−1 in CC and 9.41 Mg ha−1 in NCC. This study revealed that soils of CC treatment maintained greater soil moisture conditions and provided more water to corn plants for a longer period.
Herbage Characteristics of Continuously Stocked Limpograss Cultivars under Stockpiling Management
Authors: Vendramini Joao M. B. , Sollenberger Lynn E. , de Oliveira Fabio C. Leite , Herling Valdo R. , Gomes Vinicius C. , Sanchez Joao M.D. , Yarborough James K.
Published: September 2019

Limpograss [Hemarthria altissima (Poir.) Stapf & C.E. Hubb.] is commonly used as stockpiled forage. Variation in forage characteristics during the stockpiling period may affect supplementation strategies. Our objective was to characterize herbage mass (HM) and nutritive value of different canopy layers of stockpiled limpograss under continuous stocking from January to March in 2014 and 2015. Treatments were two limpograss cultivars (Floralta or Gibtuck) and three canopy layers (below 25 cm [CL0], 25–50 cm [CL25], or above 50 cm [CL50]) sampled biweekly. Gibtuck had greater HM (6.1 vs. 5.5 Mg ha−1) and in vitro digestible organic matter (IVDOM, 490 vs. 440 g kg−1) than Floralta. Herbage mass was 4.2, 3.3, and 1.0 Mg ha−1 in January, 2.5, 3.2, and 0 Mg ha−1 in February, and 3.4, 0.3, and 0 Mg ha−1 in March for CL0, CL25, and CL50, respectively. The IVDOM concentrations were 380, 470, and 570 g kg−1 in January for CL0, CL25, and CL50, and 390 and 450 g kg−1 in February and 390 and 400 g kg−1 in March for CL0 and CL25, respectively. Leaf proportion in the canopy decreased from CL50 to CL0. To meet the nutritional requirements of beef cattle grazing stockpiled limpograss pastures, it is necessary to adjust the supplementation quantity and composition during the stockpiling period due to the variation in HM, plant‐part proportion, and nutritive value of the canopy.
Pollen Preservation in Alluvial Soils: Implications for Paleoecology and Land Use Studies
Authors: Ricker Matthew C. , Stolt Mark H. , Zavada Michael S.
Published: September 2019

Core Ideas

Floodplain soils preserve pollen that can reconstruct past climate and land uses.

Pre‐evaluation of soil properties will save future researchers time and money.

Alluvial pollen preservation data expand where paleoecology studies can be done.

Floodplain landscapes with fluctuating water tables are nontraditional sites for palynology studies, and therefore intrinsic alluvial soil properties and their relationship to pollen preservation are poorly understood. The primary objective of this study was to identify soil properties that are most related to pollen preservation in floodplains to aid in predicting soil pollen presence and abundance. Our results indicate that all organic soil horizons had preserved pollen, whereas mineral horizons had variable pollen concentrations (range, 0–59,000 grains g−1 soil). Mineral samples with preserved pollen (>0 grains g−1 soil) had significantly greater (p < 0.001) soil organic matter (SOM) and silt + clay, and were located closer to the modern soil surface. Regression analyses indicated that only SOM and C/N ratios were significant predictors of pollen abundance. The guidelines developed in this study can be used to identify samples that likely contain enough pollen for palynological analysis and save future researchers considerable laboratory time, effort, and cost.
Exact effective interactions and 1/4-BPS dyons in heterotic CHL orbifolds
Authors: Bossard Guillaume , Cosnier-Horeau Charles , Pioline Boris
Published: September 2019

Motivated by precision counting of BPS black holes, we analyze
six-derivative couplings in the low energy effective action of
three-dimensional string vacua with 16 supercharges. Based on
perturbative computations up to two-loop, supersymmetry and duality
arguments, we conjecture that the exact coefficient of the
\nabla^2(\nabla\phi)^4∇2(∇ϕ)4
effective interaction is given by a genus-two modular integral of a
Siegel theta series for the non-perturbative Narain lattice times a
specific meromorphic Siegel modular form. The latter is familiar from
the Dijkgraaf-Verlinde-Verlinde (DVV) conjecture on exact degeneracies
of 1/4-BPS dyons. We show that this Ansatz reproduces the known
perturbative corrections at weak heterotic coupling, including
tree-level, one- and two-loop corrections, plus non-perturbative effects
of order e^{-1/g_3^2}e−1/g32.
We also examine the weak coupling expansions in type I and type II
string duals and find agreement with known perturbative results, . In
the limit where a circle in the internal torus decompactifies, our
Ansatz predicts the exact \nabla^2 F^4∇2F4
effective interaction in four-dimensional CHL string vacua, along with
infinite series of exponentially suppressed corrections of order
e^{-R}e−R
from Euclideanized BPS black holes winding around the circle, and
further suppressed corrections of order e^{-R^2}e−R2
from Taub-NUT instantons. We show that instanton corrections from
1/4-BPS black holes are precisely weighted by the BPS index predicted
from the DVV formula, including the detailed moduli dependence. We also
extract two-instanton corrections from pairs of 1/2-BPS black holes,
demonstrating consistency with supersymmetry and wall-crossing, and
estimate the size of instanton-anti-instanton contributions.
Does Sharia-Obedient Status Cause Firms to be Less Involved in Accrual-Based Earnings Management?
Authors: Nugroho Bayu Adi , Annissa Rizki , Juwono Edhi , Wijayanti Inung
Published: September 2019

The main objective of the research was to investigate the accrual quality of Sharia-obedient firms listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Specifically, this research attempted to study whether Sharia was an effective monitoring mechanism in reducing opportunistic managerial behavior through accrual quality and increasing the accuracy of the accounting report. The accrual quality or accrual truthfulness was measured using two widely-used proxies of accrual-based earnings management. The researchers utilized fixed-effect panel data of 84 manufacturing firms in 2013-2017 or 420 observations for the accrual quality computation and cross-section for the regression models (84 observations). This research also employed Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) regression method and Ordinary Least Squares method as the comparison. The researchers find robust results after mitigating heteroscedasticity and endogeneity issues. It shows that Sharia-obedient firms have a significantly higher quality of earnings. It also reveals that the close examination by regulators can improve accounting quality and attract new investors in Islamic market. Hence, the findings of this research may give insights to rule-maker and another accountingrelated department to improve the quality of Islamic or Sharia accounting practices in Indonesia.
Watch Your Neighbor: A Volatility Spillover in ASEAN-5 Stock Exchange
Authors: Sumani Sumani , Saadah Siti
Published: September 2019

In the process of financial markets integration, this research was conducted to investigate the phenomenon of the transmission of stock return volatility among stock market in five ASEAN countries. Those were Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, and Thailand. The research was important because when the interdependence of financial markets had increased, changes in asset prices in the market were not only influenced by the shock in the market but also by its response to asset price volatility that occurred in other countries. Information about the volatility spillover between markets was important for investors to the portfolio selection process. Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (EGARCH) method was used on a daily time series stock return data obtained by accessing www.bloomberg.com. The result indicates that the shock in Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines stock market will be transmitted to the Indonesia Stock Market with an asymmetric pattern. It has increased intensity after the implementation of the ASEAN Economic Community in December 2015.
Product Development for Competitive Advantage of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises of Ikat Woven Fabric in Kediri
Authors: Ambarwati Rita , Saputro Andre , Fathurochman Aditya Galih , Rizal As'ad
Published: September 2019

The research aimed to provide the solutions for the method of selecting product development strategies based on competitive advantage criteria including Quality, Cost, Delivery, Service, and Morale (QCDSM). The research was done in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) of Ikat woven fabric in which the collecting data used questionnaires for the customers. The questionnaire was regarding the criteria for competitive advantage for MSMEs of Ikat woven fabric in Kediri. The analysis methods applied Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) and Quality Function Deployment (QFD) based on the criteria of competitive advantage. The results show that the MSMEs of Ikat woven fabric should replace plastic materials into recyclable materials, ensure that raw materials do not contain dangerous and poisonous materials, choose coloring materials that do not contain dangerous and poisonous materials, choose the third parties to deliver products, weigh dye materials according to their composition and measurement, and utilize domestic raw materials.
Expert System Development for Course Enrollment Process Using Ripple Down Rules in a University in Surabaya
Authors: Nugroho Agus Cahyo
Published: September 2019

The research aimed to develop expert system for helping lecturers to decide which courses to be taken by students in the next semester. The expert system contained specific pieces of knowledge to solve specific problems involved in the forms of system development and maintenance. This expert system was in the form of a website using the PHP programming language and MySQL database. The researcher used the Ripple Down Rules (RDR) method to identify the courses by putting forward the questions so that the system could decide which courses the students should take in next semester. The result shows that this web-based expert system can identify which courses that the students have to enroll after the students have answered questions generated by the system. The available data on the courses in the system adapt to the rules, so it is in line with the enrolled courses.
Family Time and Family Structure as Correlates of Adolescents’ Self-Regulation in some Selected Junior Secondary Schools, Harari Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Mihret Amare Misganaw
Published: September 2019

This research aimed to examine the relationship between family time and family structure with adolescents’ self-regulation in some selected Junior Secondary Schools, Harari Regional State, Ethiopia. To run on, data were collected through selfreporting questionnaire, standardized tests from 325 students selected through systematic sampling method. The data analysis was conducted using a t-test, Pearson product moment correlation, factorial ANOVA, and multiple regression. This research indicates that adolescents have a slightly lower level of self-regulatory behavior. There is a statistically significant relationship between adolescents’ self-regulation and family time, family structure, and family time activity. Family time activity especially those who have leisure or recreation time together has significantly influencing adolescence self-regulation; however, gender could not make such effect independently as well as in combination with family time activity. Moreover, among others, family time activity and family structure are found to be important predictors of adolescents’ self-regulatory skills. Among the variability, family time activity significantly has added to the prediction of self-regulation, accounting for 14,8% of the variability, while, family time activity and family structure together have added 17,7% of the variability. In the end, recommendations are also made for how to properly address the gaps noted in this research.
Subject-Object Engagement Study in Exhibition Spaces: A Comparison Between Taman Mini Indonesia Indah’s Pavilion and Indonesia Kaya Gallery
Authors: Wulandari Anak Agung Ayu , Ruki Ulli Aulia , Fajarwati Ade Ariyani Sari
Published: September 2019

This research aimed to analyze the engagement between local visitor with objects in a conventional exhibition space and a technology-based exhibition space. The method of this research was a qualitative method with descriptive analysis. The data collection was done in two stages. The first stage was collecting secondary data or desk research. The next stage was the primary data collection using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Data were collected in two exhibition spaces; Riau Islands Province pavilion in Taman Mini Indonesia Indah as conventional exhibition space, and Indonesia Kaya Gallery that was located in the Grand Indonesia shopping mall as a technology-based exhibition space. The research shows visitors’ engagement emerges not only because of the objects itself but also of its surroundings; the path and signage, the lighting design, how the objects displayed and labeled that will create certain engagement with its audience. Technology also gives great help to create subject-object engagement. However, to appreciate and really engaged with the objects, the audience still wants to see real objects and not the digital substituted.
Error Analysis and Teaching Strategies of Chinese Time Adverbs “Zai” and “Cai” for Indonesian Students
Authors: Noviana Laurencia
Published: September 2019

This research aimed at investigating Indonesian students’ mastery of Chinese adverbs zai (再) and cai (才). Modern Chinese adverbs were a difficult point in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. The time adverb of modern Chinese, zai (再) and cai (才), was an adverbial adverb easily misused by Indonesian students because these two adverbs had the same counterpart in Indonesian language. This research conducted a questionnaire survey among 83 Indonesian students in China. The questionnaire was a test about the use of time adverbs zai (再) and cai (才). The sentences that test 10 questions all came from the BCC corpus of Beijing Language and Culture University. After investigation, it is found that Indonesian students’ errors are more obvious. The researcher hopes that it can supplement the research achievements of Indonesian students in learning Chinese adverbs, and arouse more scholars to study the characteristics of learning Chinese adverbs for Indonesian students and promote the development of Chinese language teaching in Indonesia.
Hybridity in Action and Crossing Ethnic Boundaries in the Films Ngenest and Cek Toko Sebelah
Authors: Kurniawan Budi
Published: September 2019

This research observed and analyzed both films entitled; “Ngenest” and “Cek Toko Sebelah” to find the manifested hybrid Chineese related to inter-ethnic relationships by drawing on the concept of hybridity. “Ngenest” and “Cek Toko Sebelah” were two successful films that were both written and directed by Ernest Prakasa, a Chinese Indonesian, and also featured Ernest Prakasa in a leading role. Close readings of both films were conducted to identify relevant and recurring themes related to the research questions. The theoretical frameworks of hybridity and essentialism/stereotyping were used to help in gaining a deeper understanding of the essence of the films. The results indicate that race still plays an important role in othering and building ethnic boundaries. Many stereotypes and counter stereotypes against both the Chinese and pribumi exist in the films. In terms of lessening ethnic boundaries, both films present hybridity in action in the form of inter-ethnic marriage and the everyday relationships of the Chinese and other ethnic groups. Although the essentialized Chinese identities are present, they are constantly in negotiation with other identities, in forming a hybridized version of Chineseness.
Price Fraction Changes Impact on Stock Trading Indicators: An Events Study on Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Suprapto Adi Teguh , Mulyono Mulyono , Prihandoko Danang
Published: September 2019

This research presented differences of stock price fraction system to stock trading indicator variables such as volume, value, and frequency of stock trading transactions on companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The purpose of this research was to measure and analyze the difference of stock price fraction system to stock trading indicator variables. Sample determination based on the sampling method was saturated, i.e., the technique of determining the sample by using all members of the population as a sample. The sample in this research used JCI data as it represents the 115 issuers listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the research period. This research used Mann-Whitney U Test to find out whether there were differences between two groups of data that were not related (independent) with the classification; group 1 was the volume data, the value and frequency of stock trading before the new price fraction that was applied 02 May 2016. While the second group data volume, value and frequency of stock trading after applying the new price fraction 02 May 2016. This research finds that the stock trading indicators reflected by the trading volume of stocks, the value of the stock, and the frequency of stock trading has a significant difference before and after the implementation of the new stock price fraction.
Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of hemimegaloencephaly
Authors: O.N. Kostritsova , A.I. Lizogub , A.I. Tsyokhla et all
Published: September 2019

A case of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of hemimegalencephaly at 25 weeks of gestation is presented.
Ultrasonic signs of this disease are presented. Prenatal diagnosis was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging
after birth.
A Indústria 4.0 e o seu Impacto no Tecido Económico Empresarial Português: O Caso da Região Dão-Lafões
Authors: Antunes Joaquim Gonçalves , Pinto António Pedro Soares , Reis Pedro Manuel Nogueira , Henriques Carla Manuela Ribeiro
Published: September 2019

A criação de valor na indústria em países desenvolvidos está a ser direcionada pela quarta etapa de industrialização, denominada Indústria 4.0. As oportunidades são ilimitadas, mas os desafios são inúmeros criando dificuldades para as empresas na adoção dessas tecnologias. Este artigo, para além de uma revisão da literatura sobre a evolução das recentes tecnologias e respetivas aplicabilidades, pretende definir as principais medidas de atratividade regional como fatores de crescimento, suportando os líderes nas suas decisões de atração de empresas que perseguem a indústria 4.0. Para este objetivo apresentamos o resultado de catorze entrevistas aos principais responsáveis de empresas da região Dão-Lafões (Portugal) que já aplicam e/ou têm capacidades ou apetências de utilização das novas tecnologias nas suas indústrias. Os resultados mostram que as empresas têm já efetuado algum investimento em tecnologias da indústria 4.0, essencialmente ao nível do processo produtivo, com tendência para abranger diferentes áreas.
Retos a la Gobernanza Universitaria: Acotaciones sobre la Cuestión de la Autoridad y la Profesionalización de la Gestión de las Universidades
Authors: Ganga-Contreras Francisco Anibal , Suárez-Amaya Wendolin , Calderón Adolfo-Ignacio , Silva Marco Wandercil da , Jung Hildegard Susana
Published: September 2019

La universidad de América Latina, como organización compleja por excelencia, atraviesa un campo plagado de desafíos que bien vale la pena develar. Generalmente, en el medio donde se desenvuelven las universidades cohabitan gran cantidad de tomadores de decisiones y de hacedores de políticas públicas, quienes la mayoría de las veces carecen de las competencias técnicas mínimas o de las exigencias de profesionalización requeridas, lo que es extremadamente peligroso, especialmente por el rol estratégico que juega el sector en el progreso y desarrollo de los países. El presente trabajo se ha propuesto reflexionar acerca de la cuestión de la autoridad y la profesionalización de la gestión de las universidades como uno de los retos principales de la Gobernanza universitaria. Con esa finalidad se recurrió a una investigación de carácter teórico apoyada en la revisión y sistematización de literatura académica específica sobre la temática y se tomaron como referencia principal las contribuciones de Burton Clark. Entre las conclusiones más relevantes, es factible afirmar que los desafíos que afronta la Gobernanza universitária -para superar lo que Clark llama estado de inercia de las universidades tradicionales- sobresale: tejer redes de contactos entre líderes para crear una cultura orientada al cambio; administrar de manera innovadora pautada en competencias, liderazgo, flexibilidad, contextualización permanente, capacidad de producir y administrar cambios; exigir postura diferente de gestor, ejecutivo y técnico de la educación orientada a una profesionalización, en fin, una administración con nuevas técnicas y métodos de gestión.
DETECÇÃO PRECOCE E PREVENÇÃO DO CÂNCER DE COLO UTERINO: SABERES E PRÁTICAS EDUCATIVAS
Authors: De Paula Tamires Corrêa , Ferreira Maria de Lourdes Silva Marques , Marin Maria Jóse Sanches , Meneguin Silmara , Ferreira Ana Silvia Sartori Barraviera Seabra
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: Apreender os saberes de mulheres sobre a prevenção do câncer de colo uterino por meio do exame de Papanicolaou. Metodologia: Estudo qualitativo realizado em Unidade Básica de Saúde de um município do interior de São Paulo - Brasil, a partir de entrevista semiestruturada, áudio gravadas com uma população de 20 mulheres. Os dados foram analisados pelo discurso do sujeito coletivo e fundamentado na teoria da representação social. Resultados: As mulheres referiram sentimentos de desconforto, incômodo, vergonha e medo. Quanto ao conhecimento, apresentaram-se deficientes, em relação à finalidade do exame e à própria doença. Conclusão: Depreende-se que a falta de conhecimento pode intervir na adesão ao exame de Papanicolaou pelas mulheres, destacando-se a importância da prática educativa como ferramenta nessa prevenção.Descritores: Mulheres, Teste Papanicolaou, Câncer de colo uterino.EARLY DETECTION AND PREVENTION OF UTERINE COLUMN CANCER: EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES AND KNOWLEDGEObjective: To apprehend the knowledge of women about cervical cancer prevention through a Pap smear. Methodology: A qualitative study carried out in a Basic Health Unit of a city in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil, from a semi - structured interview, recorded with a population of 20 women. The data were analyzed by the discourse of the collective subject and based on the theory of social representation. Results: Women reported feelings of discomfort, discomfort, shame and fear. As for knowledge, they were deficient in relation to the purpose of the examination and to the disease itself. Conclusion: It can be seen that the lack of knowledge can intervene in the adhesion to the Pap smear by women, highlighting the importance of the educational practice as a tool in this prevention.Keywords: Women, Papanicolaou test, Cervical cancer.DETECCIÓN PRECOCE Y PREVENCIÓN DEL CÁNCER DE COLUMNA UTERINA: PRÁCTICAS EDUCACIONALES Y CONOCIMIENTOObjetivo: Apreciar los saberes de mujeres sobre la prevención del cáncer de cuello uterino mediante el examen de Papanicolaou. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo realizado en Unidad Básica de Salud de un municipio del interior de São Paulo - Brasil, a partir de entrevista semiestructurada, audio grabadas con una población de 20 mujeres. Los datos fueron analizados por el discurso del sujeto colectivo y fundamentado en la teoría de la representación social. Resultados: Las mujeres refirieron sentimientos de incomodidad, incomodidad, vergüenza y miedo. En cuanto al conocimiento, se presentaron deficientes, en relación a la finalidad del examen ya la propia enfermedad. Conclusión: Se desprende que la falta de conocimiento puede intervenir en la adhesión al examen de Papanicolaou por las mujeres, destacándose la importancia de la práctica educativa como herramienta en esa prevención.Descriptores: Mujeres, Prueba Papanicolaou, Cáncer de cuello uterino.
Rheological Characteristics and Methodology of Ice Cream: A Review
Authors: Mortazavian Amir M. , Kheynoor Najme , Pilevar Zahra , Sheidaei Zhaleh , Beikzadeh Samira , Javanmardi Fardin
Published: September 2019

The rheological analysis is important analytical tools used to obtain fundamental information
about food structure. For instance, the properties of flow of liquid and semi-solidity are characterized
by the consistency and flow behavior experiments as two important rheological parameters.
The rheological parameters of foods are applied in quality control of the products and processing of
food products such as energy input calculations, process design, equipment selection, and especially
for deciding on heat exchangers and pumps. Steady flow behavior, oscillatory, and penetration tests
are among commonly used parameters for evaluating rheological characteristics of ice cream. The
purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of recent experiments and methods for measuring the
rheological and texture properties of ice cream.
Mitochondrial and Oxidative Impacts of Short and Long-term Administration of HAART on HIV Patients
Authors: Ikekpeazu Joy E. , Orji Oliver C. , Uchendu Ikenna K. , Ezeanyika Lawrence U.S.
Published: September 2019

Background and Objective:

There may be a possible link between the use of HAART and oxidative
stress-related mitochondrial dysfunction in HIV patients. We evaluated the mitochondrial and
oxidative impacts of short and long-term administration of HAART on HIV patients attending the
Enugu State University Teaching (ESUT) Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria following short and long-term
therapy.

Methods:

96 patients categorized into four groups of 24 individuals were recruited for the study.
Group 1 comprised of age-matched, apparently healthy, sero-negative individuals (the No HIV
group); group 2 consisted of HIV sero-positive individuals who had not started any form of treatment
(the Treatment naïve group). Individuals in group 3 were known HIV patients on HAART for
less than one year (Short-term treatment group), while group 4 comprised of HIV patients on
HAART for more than one year (Long-term treatment group). All patients were aged between 18 to
60 years and attended the HIV clinic at the time of the study. Determination of total antioxidant
status (TAS in nmol/l), malondialdehyde (MDA in mmol/l), CD4+ count in cells/μl, and genomic
studies were all done using standard operative procedures.

Results:

We found that the long-term treatment group had significantly raised the levels of MDA,
as well as significantly diminished TAS compared to the Short-term treatment and No HIV groups
(P<0.05). In addition, there was significantly elevated variation in the copy number of mitochondrial
genes (mtDNA: D-loop, ATPase 8, TRNALEU
uur) in the long-term treatment group.

Interpretation and Conclusion:

Long-term treatment with HAART increases oxidative stress and causes mitochondrial
alterations in HIV patients.
A Model for Assessing Necessary Conditions for Rural Health Care’s Mobile Health Readiness: Qualitative Assessment of Clinician-Perceived Barriers
Authors: Weichelt Bryan , Bendixsen Casper , Patrick Timothy
Published: September 2019

Background

Mobile health (mHealth) technology dissemination has penetrated rural and urban areas alike. Yet, health care organization oversight and clinician adoption have not kept pace with patient use. mHealth could have a unique impact on health and quality of life for rural populations. If organizations are prepared to manage mHealth, clinicians may improve the quality of care for their patients, both rural and urban. However, many organizations are not yet prepared to prescribe or prohibit third-party mHealth technologies.

Objective

This study explored organizational readiness for rural mHealth adoption, the use of patient-reported data by clinical care teams, and potential impact on improving rural health care delivery.

Methods

Semistructured, open-ended interviews were used to investigate clinicians’ current practices, motivators, and perceived barriers to their use of mHealth technologies in rural settings.

Results

A total of 13 clinicians were interviewed, and 53.8% (7/13) reported encouraging use of mHealth apps or wearable devices with rural patients. Perceived barriers to adoption were categorized into three primary themes: (1) personal (clinician), (2) patient, and (3) organizational. Organizational was most prominent, with subcodes of time, uniformity, and policy or direction. Thematic analysis revealed code-category linkages that identify the complex nature of a rural health care organization’s current climate from a clinician’s perspective. A thematic map was developed to visualize the flow from category to code. Identified linkages guided the development of a refined rural mHealth readiness model.

Conclusions

Clinicians (including physicians) have limited time for continuing education, research, or exploration of emerging technologies. Clinicians are motivated to learn more, but they need guidance through organization-led directives. Rural health care institutions should consider investing in mHealth analysis, tool development, and formal recommendations of sanctioned tools for clinicians to use with patients.
Applicability of the User Engagement Scale to Mobile Health: A Survey-Based Quantitative Study
Authors: Holdener Marianne , Gut Alain , Angerer Alfred
Published: September 2019

Background

There has recently been exponential growth in the development and use of health apps on mobile phones. As with most mobile apps, however, the majority of users abandon them quickly and after minimal use. One of the most critical factors for the success of a health app is how to support users’ commitment to their health. Despite increased interest from researchers in mobile health, few studies have examined the measurement of user engagement with health apps.

Objective

User engagement is a multidimensional, complex phenomenon. The aim of this study was to understand the concept of user engagement and, in particular, to demonstrate the applicability of a user engagement scale (UES) to mobile health apps.

Methods

To determine the measurability of user engagement in a mobile health context, a UES was employed, which is a psychometric tool to measure user engagement with a digital system. This was adapted to Ada, developed by Ada Health, an artificial intelligence–powered personalized health guide that helps people understand their health. A principal component analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation was conducted on 30 items. In addition, sum scores as means of each subscale were calculated.

Results

Survey data from 73 Ada users were analyzed. PCA was determined to be suitable, as verified by the sampling adequacy of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin=0.858, a significant Bartlett test of sphericity (χ2300=1127.1; P<.001), and communalities mostly within the 0.7 range. Although 5 items had to be removed because of low factor loadings, the results of the remaining 25 items revealed 4 attributes: perceived usability, aesthetic appeal, reward, and focused attention. Ada users showed the highest engagement level with perceived usability, with a value of 294, followed by aesthetic appeal, reward, and focused attention.

Conclusions

Although the UES was deployed in German and adapted to another digital domain, PCA yielded consistent subscales and a 4-factor structure. This indicates that user engagement with health apps can be assessed with the German version of the UES. These results can benefit related mobile health app engagement research and may be of importance to marketers and app developers.