bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Biodegradable Coatings the Base on Microalgae and Oil of the Seed of the Pomegranate in the Conservation Powder-Crop of the Papaya ‘Golden’
Authors: Teodosio Albert E. M. de M. , Araujo Railene H. C. R. , Lima José F. de , Onias Elny A. , Ferreira Ana P. N. , Santos Bárbara G. F. L. , Rodrigues Marília H. B. S. , Oliveira Luana M. de , Oliveira Ágda M. F. de , Medeiros Maria L. da S. , Silva Kátia G. de
Published: September 2018

It is very challenging to the quality of the papaya culture’s fruits (Carica papaya L.) after the crop, especially due to their significance to the international market, that is, their elevated exportation demands. The purpose of this work was the application of biodegradable coatings composed of Scenedesmus sp. and Chlorella sp. associated or not with pomegranate seed oil in ‘Golden’ papaya and to evaluate their effect in the conservation powder-crop. The installation of the experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, with a 6 x 6 factorial outline, that is, six concentrations (C: control; SO: 0.5% of Scenedesmus sp. + 0.3% of pomegranate seed oil; S: 0.5% of Scenedesmus sp.; CO: 0.5% of Chlorella sp. + 0.3% of pomegranate seed oil; CH: 0.5% of Chlorella sp.; O: 0.3% of pomegranate seed oil) and six evaluation periods (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days), stored at a temperature of 18±2 °C with 60±5% RH with three repetitions of two fruits per portion. The use of coverings composed of Scenedesmus sp. and Chlorella sp. in association or not with pomegranate seed oil was proven efficient in the reduction of the breathing tax of ‘Golden’ papaya, delaying the ripening process, and therefore representing a promising alternative for these fruits’ powder-crop conservation. The coating composed of 0.5% of Chlorella sp. + 0.3% of pomegranate seed oil (CO) provided a better powder-crop conservation of ‘Golden’ papaya during 15 days of storage.
Physiological Indices and Growth of Castor Bean Irrigated With Waters of Different Cationic Nature
Authors: Lima Geovani S. de , Gheyi Hans R. , Nobre Reginaldo G. , Soares Lauriane A. dos A. , Souza Leandro de P. , Pinheiro Francisco Wesley A. , Dias Adaan S. , Oliveira Sabrina G. de
Published: September 2018

It was proposed, in the present study, to evaluate the gas exchange and the growth of the castor bean cv. BRS Energia due to the isolated or mixed cationic nature of irrigation water. The study was conducted in drainage lysimeters under greenhouse conditions, using an Eutrophic Greyish Argissolo with a sandy-loam texture in the municipality of Campina Grande, Brazil. A randomized block design was used with six cationic composition of irrigation water (S1-control, S2-Na+, S3-Ca2+, S4-Na++Ca2+, S5-K+ and S6-Na++Ca2++Mg2+ with four replicates, each composed of five plants. The plants under the control treatment were submitted to irrigation with low salinity water (ECw = 0.6 dS m-1) and the remaining treatments were irrigated with ECw of 4.5 dS m-1 prepared with salts of different cations in chloride form. The gas exchanges and the growth of the castor bean cv. BRS Energy were determined at 100 days after sowing. The gas exchanges and the growth of the castor cv. BRS Energy were more sensitive to the variation in the electrical conductivity of the water compared to the cationic nature of the water, being the least deleterious effect observed in the plants irrigated with potassic water. The plants irrigated with water of potassium composition obtained the highest values for stomatal conductance, transpiration and rate of assimilation of CO2; at 100 days after sowing; the castor bean cv. BRS Energia showed sensitivity to the presence of sodium and calcium salts in irrigation water.
Isotherms and Isosteric Heat Desorption of Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. Seeds
Authors: Ferreira Junior Weder N. , Resende Osvaldo , Oliveira Daniel E. C. de , Costa Lílian M.
Published: September 2018

The Brazilian Cerrado is one of the most important ecosystems and due to the extractivism it is necessary to recover the degraded areas. The tree of Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. is used in this reforestation system, so the study of post-harvest management of the seed is necessary for the propagation. The objective of this work was to determine the isotherms and the isosteric desorption heat of Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. Seeds, and to test the methodology of the Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) and Schwarz’s bayesian information criterion (BIC) for the choice of the best mathematical model. Different mathematical models were fitted to the experimental data and the model that best represents the phenomenon was selected, from the statistical parameters. To obtain the equilibrium moisture content was used static method using desiccants in incubators cameras with control of relative humidity by salt solution. The Oswin Modified model obtained better results according to analyzed parameters, being this model the one selected for prediction of the hygroscopic balance of the Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. seeds. It was found that the higher the temperature for the same equilibrium moisture content, the higher the water activity values. The AIC and BIC methodology contributed to the choice of the best mathematical model to predict the hygroscopicity phenomenon. The isosteric heat increased with the decrease in the equilibrium moisture content requiring a greater amount of energy to remove water from the seeds.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 10, No. 10
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: September 2018

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 10, No. 10, 2018.
The Most Preferred Food Labels Among Online Shoppers
Authors: Gumirakiza Jean D. , VanZee Sarah M.
Published: September 2018

This study explains the most preferred food labels among online shoppers when purchasing food products. The study uses data from an online-based survey conducted in 2016. Participants are 1,205 online shoppers residing within the South region of the U.S. Using a binary logistic model, we found that the likelihood for online shoppers to consider food labels (other than prices) into their purchasing decision-making is 86 percent. Using a multinomial logit model, we found that the relative probability for “locally grown” labels to be the most important is 46 percent, 7 percent for “organically grown”, 24 percent for both local and organic, and 23 percent for other kinds of labels. The most common other important labels among this last group include nutrition contents, and country of origin. This study is significant to fresh produce growers and agricultural marketers because it provides an explanation of food labels those online shoppers consider to be the most important when shopping for fresh produce. It is significant to food products regulators who are interested in enforcing regulations related to food labels. Future researchers will find this analysis useful when furthering knowledge about this increasingly popular market venue.
Influence of Seed Coat Color Genes on Milling Qualities of Red Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)
Authors: Subedi Maya , Tabil Lope G. , Vandenberg Albert
Published: September 2018

Efficient milling is the key economic trait for the red lentil industry. Various seed characteristics including seed coat color can influence milling characteristics. Four basic seed coat ground colors (green, gray, tan, and brown) of 16 red lentil genotypes from a common genetic background were compared to determine the effect of seed coat color genes on three key milling quality traits: dehulling efficiency (DE), milling recovery (MR), and football recovery (FR). These genotypes were grown at two locations in Saskatchewan, Canada for two years. DE, MR, and FR results varied depending on the seed coat color conferred by specific genotypes. Green and gray seed coat color (homozygous recessive tgc allele) genotypes had significantly higher DE and MR percentages compared to brown or tan seed coat types (homozygous dominant Tgc allele) depending on genotype interaction with site-year. Seeds with brown or tan seed coats had significantly higher FR percentages in two site-years. Red cotyledon lentils with uniform shape and green or gray seed coat color might be more profitable for millers who wish to maximize DE and MR of red lentil, but brown seed coat color might be preferable in terms of FR.
Numerical Solution of Heat Equation with Singular Robin Boundary Condition
Authors: Lozada-Cruz German , Rubio-Mercedes Cosme Eustaquio , Rodrigues-Ribeiro Junior
Published: September 2018

In this work we study the numerical solution of one-dimensional heatdiffusion equation with a small positive parameter subject to Robin boundary conditions. The simulations examples lead us to conclude that the numerical solutionsof the differential equation with Robin boundary condition are very close of theanalytic solution of the problem with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditionswhen tends to zero
A New Scheme for Fault Detection and Classification Applied to DC Motor
Authors: Santos Laércio I. , Palhares Reinaldo M. , D'Angelo Marcos F. S. V. , Mendes João B. , Veloso Renê R. , Ekel Petr Y.
Published: September 2018

This study presents an approach for fault detection and classification in a DC drive system. The fault is detected by a classical Luenberger observer. After the fault detection, the fault classification is started. The fault classification, the main contribution of this paper, is based on a representation which combines the Subctrative Clustering algorithm with an adaptation of Particle Swarm Clustering.
The Influence of Velocity Field Approximations in Tracer Injection Processes
Authors: Núñez Yoisell R. , Faria Cristiane Oliveira , Malta Sandra M. C. , Loula Abimael F. D.
Published: September 2018

Although the concentration is the most important variable in tracer injection processes, an efficient and accurate velocity field approximation is crucial to obtain a good physical behaviour for the problem.  In this paper we analyse a Stabilized Dual Hybrid Mixed (SDHM)  method  to solve  the  Darcy's system in the velocity and pressure variables that involves the conservation of mass and Darcy's law.  This approach  is locally conservative, free of compromise between the finite element approximation spaces and capable of dealing with heterogeneous media with discontinuous properties. The tracer concentration is solved via a combination of the Streamline Upwind Petrov-Galerkin (SUPG) method in space with an implicit finite difference scheme in time. We also employ a semi-analytical approach (Abbaszadeh-Dehghani analytical solution) to integrate the transport equation. A  numerical comparative study using the SDHM formulation, the Galerkin method and a post-processing technique to calculate the velocity field in combination  with those concentration approximation methodologies are presented. In all comparisons, the SDHM formulation appears as the most efficient, accurate and almost free of spurious oscillations.
Politie en wetenschap
Authors: Janssen Janine , Huisjes Henk
Published: September 2018

The Strategic Research Agenda for the Police 2015-2019 and the transfer of research outcomes into police practice

This is the third chronicle on the relationship between police and science. This contribution focusses on the Strategic Research Agenda for the Police 2015-2019. For researchers who would like to do research for or with regard to the police, it is important to understand the functions of this agenda and it’s thematic priorities. Every four years the Research Agenda will be recalibrated under the authority of the minister of Justice and Security. A first evaluation is being prepared. The Research Agenda 2015-2019 underlines the importance of the transfer of research outcomes into police practice and police education.
A revision of the genus Disparalona (Cladocera, Chydorinae) in South America
Authors: Sousa Francisco Diogo R. , Elmoor-Loureiro Lourdes M.A. , Mugnai Riccardo , Panarelli Eliana Aparecida , Paggi Juan César
Published: September 2018

The genus Disparalona Fryer, 1968 comprises a well-defined species complex, the hamata-group, which might have sibling species in South America. This hamata-group needs urgent revision. Besides that, a complete morphological evaluation of the endemic species D. leptorhyncha (Daday, 1905) is lacking. Thus, the aim of the present study is to revise populations of species of the hamata-group in South America and to redescribe D. leptorhyncha. Our findings pointed to an occurrence of species which are part of the Disparalona (Mixopleuroxus) linage. Currently, the Neotropics have the highest diversity to the genus, with three species of the hamata-complex – D. (M.) hamata (Birge, 1879), D. (M.) lucianae sp. nov., D. (M.) tenuispina sp. nov. – in addition to D. (M.) leptorhyncha. These species can be differentiated from each other by the morphology of their rostrum, labrum, and postabdomen.
Entrai pela porta dos fundos: defesa de fé e crenças no canal no Youtube
Authors: Salgado Tiago Barcelos Pereira , Guimarães Bruno Menezes Andrade
Published: September 2018

Investigamos as apropriações e os novos sentidos atribuídos a práticas e dogmas cristãos presentes no vídeo “Especial de Natal” publicado no canal de humor “Porta dos Fundos” no YouTube em dezembro de 2013. Apresentamos e discutimos a relação entre crença e comicidade no intuito de apreendermos o humor e o riso como questionadores de verdades ditas absolutas. Por meio da análise do vídeo em questão, identificamos alguns dogmas cristãos apropriados e ressignificados pelo canal mencionado. Voltamo-nos também para os comentários feitos na página oficial deste canal no YouTube a fim de identificarmos diferentes expressões de opiniões, defesa de fé e crenças. Concluímos que o inquestionável é questionado por meio do humor e que a própria condição de existência no mundo é posta em suspeita.
Cozinhar nos comerciais de tv: representações do impacto da industrialização e da informatização no trabalho culinário doméstico
Authors: Pellerano Joana Angélica
Published: September 2018

O objetivo desse trabalho é caracterizar algumas das transformações sofridas pelo trabalho a partir da industrialização do sistema produtivo, e discutir seu impacto no fazer culinário doméstico. A reflexão se desenvolve a partir da intersecção entre a comunicação e o consumo desse fazer culinário doméstico, ilustrada na narrativa de três vídeos publicitários que refletem a cena desse contexto sociocultural: tempero Knorr Meu Feijão, sopa instantânea Vono e panela de pressão elétrica Viva Digital Philips Walita. Contribuem para a discussão autores que estudam o papel representativo do discurso publicitário e do consumo na sociedade, como Dominique Maingueneau, Everardo Rocha, Néstor García Canclini e Michel de Certeau, e que olham para a industrialização moderna e seu impacto no trabalho, como Karl Marx, Harry Braverman, Richard Sennet e Claude Fischler.
O discurso organizacional sobre comunicação face a face e o silenciamento corporativo
Authors: Maio Ana Maria Dantas de
Published: September 2018

Este artigo propõe um olhar crítico para o discurso sobre a comunicação face a face e busca desvendar o uso que se faz de suas propriedades positivas para sustentar interesses organizacionais. Com suporte teórico-metodológico da análise de discurso da escola francesa, o objetivo é avaliar a apropriação das vantagens dessa modalidade de comunicação por parte das organizações. A corporação em análise é a norte-americana Yahoo, que em 2013 proibiu a prática do home-office, procurando estimular a convivência face a face entre seus empregados. O discurso organizacional é estudado em sintonia com o discurso jornalístico que divulgou a informação. Além dos gêneros discursivos, o trabalho avalia os silenciamentos da mídia e da organização.
Estrategias y herramientas de marketing y comunicación y su eficacia en la proyección del pop y el rock en lengua catalana
Authors: Colom Valls Irene , Solà Saña Sergi , Micó Sanz Josep Lluís
Published: September 2018

En el año 2010 la música pop y rock en lengua catalana vivió un momento de buena efervescencia, con un conglomerado de formaciones y cantautores que se ganaron el reconocimiento popular. Este artículo presenta una investigación que vincula la comunicación como política del marketing y la música popular en un territorio y un momento concretos. Los grupos de música, en tanto que creadores y responsables de una obra destinada a los consumidores, tienen a su alcance unes herramientas y estrategias de comunicación que han tomado nuevas posibilidades con el desarrollo de las tecnologías digitales. El artículo pretende conocer la utilidad que la comunicación tiene para los grupos de música y qué técnicas son más adecuadas para ellos, además de averiguar la actitud de los músicos hacia el márqueting y cómo articulan su gestión. La investigación, realizada en el territorio de Catalunya entre 2010 y 2012, ha seguido una metodología básicamente cualitativa, basada en entrevistas en profundidad. Pero también ha desarrollado un modelo cuantitativo de medición del consumo musical, para obtener la muestra a investigar, a partir de la cuantificación de las categorías definitorias del consumo y relevancia musicales. Por no existir un sistema que determine de forma objetiva y completa los niveles de consumo asumidos por las diferentes formaciones musicales, se ha elaborado un mecanismo para cuantificar el consumo musical en el período de tiempo y territorio que se analiza.
Un análisis de las asignaturas sobre Comunicación y Relaciones Públicas en los másters universitarios españoles tipo MBA (curso 2016-2017)
Authors: Matilla Kathy , Cuenca-Fontbona Joan , Compte-Pujol Marc
Published: September 2018

El propósito de esta investigación es identificar y analizar los masters oficiales tipo MBA (Master in Business Administration) del sistema universitario español, así como las asignaturas específicas sobre comunicación corporativa y/o relaciones públicas que pudieran aparecer en sus planes de estudio en el curso 2016-2017. Para identificar la muestra se desarrolló un estudio descriptivo transversal de las titulaciones oficiales de master tipo MBA presentes en el buscador web de ANECA ¿Qué estudiar y dónde? y en el buscador de títulos oficiales Qué Estudiar y Dónde en la Universidad, QEDU del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. Posteriormente se aplicó análisis de contenido. Se identificaron treinta y nueve (39) masters universitarios tipo MBA. Se observa que la presencia de asignaturas específicas sobre comunicación en los programas formativos analizados es prácticamente inexistente, ya que únicamente dos (2) masters incluyen una (1) asignatura en su plan de estudios: en el master de la Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU se incluye una única asignatura de un (1) crédito ECTS denominada Comunicación Integral y, en otro más, el de la Universidad Católica Santa Teresa de Jesús de Ávila, se imparte la asignatura de Producción de Eventos Deportivos de tres (3) créditos ECTS.
«¿Cómo dice, General?». El futuro del uso de declaraciones públicas en las campañas negativas
Authors: Foguet Carles A.
Published: September 2018

Tribuna.
La ecualización del mensaje en la #ComunicaciónPolítica local
Authors: Gonçales i Nogueroles Joan
Published: September 2018

Tribuna.
Los 360º de las campañas electorales online
Authors: Vionnikoff-Benet Nadia Alexandra
Published: September 2018

Reseña de: Dader, José Luis y Campos Domínguez; Eva (coords.) (2017). La búsqueda digital del voto. Cibercampañas electorales 2015-16. Valencia: Editorial Tirant lo Blanc.
Una introducción a los efectos de la comunicación de masas
Authors: Donstrup Mayte
Published: September 2018

Reseña de: Hernández-Santaolalla, Víctor (2018). Los efectos de los medios de comunicación de masas. Barcelona: Editorial UOC.
Comunicación política en la época de la redes sociales: lo viejo y lo nuevo, y más allá
Authors: Rúas Araújo Xosé , Casero-Ripollés Andreu
Published: September 2018

Presentación del Informe: Comunicación política y medios sociales.
La Transparencia en los gobiernos y los partidos políticos: aproximación y consenso en el caso de España
Authors: Pintado Pérez Francisco Javier , Paniagua Rojano Francisco Javier
Published: September 2018

El objeto de estudio de este trabajo es el análisis de la transparencia en los partidos políticos en España. Entre los objetivos propuestos destacan delimitar los organismos políticos que deben estar sujetos a ello, definir los formatos más adecuados, identificar los fiscalizadores y las formas de control y, por último, describir la responsabilidad de los medios de comunicación y de la ciudadanía. Partimos de las hipótesis de que la Ley de Transparencia 19/2013, aunque marca un buen comienzo, no se ajusta a las necesidades actuales de transparencia y que el papel de transmisión de los medios es esencial, más que el de la ciudadanía, que también debe ser responsable mediante su fiscalización. Para esto, se recurre a la técnica metodológica Delphi, en la que se entrevistan a expertos que hayan trabajado en transparencia desde distintos ámbitos académicos. Se realizaron tres rondas, la primera con respuestas totalmente abiertas y las dos siguientes con respuestas cerradas cuantitativas. Los resultados nos indican qué es la trasparencia, sus funciones y sus formatos, además de una lista de indicadores que incluyen la información a publicar. También se extrae una lista de organismos que podrían estar afectados por la ley 19/2013 tanto públicos como privados, así como las formas conjuntas de control no centralizadas, evitando partidismos. Por último, se destaca la necesidad de pedagogía por parte de las instituciones y el papel de transmisión de los medios de comunicación, a la vez que el apoyo de la ciudadanía a este tipo de iniciativas. Una de las conclusiones más destacadas es la necesidad de aplicar formatos adecuados y que debe acercarse más al concepto de accountability, incluyendo capacidad sancionadora.
ShapeGTB: The role of local DNA shape in prioritization of functional variants in human promoters with machine learning
Authors: Malkowska Maja , Zubek Julian , Plewczynski Dariusz , Wyrwicz Lucjan S
Published: September 2018

Motivation: The identification of functional sequence variations in regulatory DNA regions is one of the major challenges of modern genetics. Here, we report results of a combined multifactor analysis of properties characterizing functional sequence variants located in promoter regions of genes.

Results: We demonstrate that GC-content of the local sequence fragments and local DNA shape features play significant role in prioritization of functional variants and outscore features related to histone modifications, transcription factors binding sites, or evolutionary conservation descriptors. Those observations allowed us to build specialized machine learning classifier identifying functional SNPs within promoter regions – ShapeGTB. We compared our method with more general tools predicting pathogenicity of all non-coding variants. ShapeGTB outperformed them by a wide margin (AUC ROC 0.97 vs. 0.57-0.59). On the external validation set based on ClinVar database it displayed only slightly worse performance (AUC ROC 0.92 vs. 0.74-0.81). Such results suggest unique characteristics of mutations located within promoter regions and are a promising signal for the development of more accurate variant prioritization tools in the future.

Availability and implementation: The datasets and source code are publicly available at: https://github.com/zubekj/ShapeGTB.
Changes in the genetic requirements for microbial interactions with increasing community complexity
Authors: Morin Manon , Pierce Emily C , Dutton Rachel J
Published: September 2018

Microbial community structure and function rely on complex interactions whose underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. To investigate these interactions in a simple microbiome, we introduced E. coli into an experimental community based on a cheese rind and identified the differences in E. coli’s genetic requirements for growth in interactive and non-interactive contexts using Random Barcode Transposon Sequencing (RB-TnSeq) and RNASeq. Genetic requirements varied among pairwise growth conditions and between pairwise and community conditions. Our analysis points to mechanisms by which growth conditions change as a result of increasing community complexity and suggests that growth within a community relies on a combination of pairwise and higher-order interactions. Our work provides a framework for using the model organism E. coli as a readout to investigate microbial interactions regardless of the genetic tractability of members of the studied ecosystem.
Anisotropic growth is achieved through the additive mechanical effect of material anisotropy and elastic asymmetry
Authors: Bou Daher Firas , Chen Yuanjie , Bozorg Behruz , Clough Jack , Jönsson Henrik , Braybrook Siobhan A
Published: September 2018

Fast directional growth is a necessity for the young seedling; after germination, it needs to quickly penetrate the soil to begin its autotrophic life. In most dicot plants, this rapid escape is due to the anisotropic elongation of the hypocotyl, the columnar organ between the root and the shoot meristems. Anisotropic growth is common in plant organs and is canonically attributed to cell wall anisotropy produced by oriented cellulose fibers. Recently, a mechanism based on asymmetric pectin-based cell wall elasticity has been proposed. Here we present a harmonizing model for anisotropic growth control in the dark-grown Arabidopsis thaliana hypocotyl: basic anisotropic information is provided by cellulose orientation) and additive anisotropic information is provided by pectin-based elastic asymmetry in the epidermis. We quantitatively show that hypocotyl elongation is anisotropic starting at germination. We present experimental evidence for pectin biochemical differences and wall mechanics providing important growth regulation in the hypocotyl. Lastly, our in silico modelling experiments indicate an additive collaboration between pectin biochemistry and cellulose orientation in promoting anisotropic growth.
TNFRSF10C methylation is a new epigenetic biomarker for colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhou Cong , Pan Ranran , Hu Haochang , Li Bin , Dai Jie , Ying Xiuru , Yu Hang , Zhong Jie , Mao Yiyi , Zhang Yihan , Wu Dongping , Duan Shiwei
Published: September 2018

Background

Abnormal methylation of TNFRSF10C was found to be associated with different types of cancers, excluding colorectal cancer (CRC). In this paper, the performance of TNFRSF10C methylation in CRC was studied in two stages.

Method

The discovery stage was involved with 38 pairs of CRC tumor and paired adjacent non-tumor tissues, and 69 pairs of CRC tumor and paired adjacent non-tumor tissues were used for the validation stage. Quantitative methylation specific PCR (qMSP) method and percentage of methylated reference (PMR) were used to test and represent the methylation level of TNFRSF10C, respectively. A dual-luciferase reporter gene experiment was conducted to evaluate the promoter activity of TNFRSF10C fragment.

Results

A significant association of TNFRSF10C promoter hypermethylation with CRC was found and validated (discovery stage: 24.67 ± 7.52 vs. 3.36 ± 0.89; P = 0.003; validation stage: 31.21 ± 12.48 vs. 4.52 ± 1.47; P = 0.0005). Subsequent analyses of TCGA data among 46 pairs of CRC samples further confirmed our findings (cg23965061: P = 4E − 6; cg14015044: P = 1E − 7). Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that TNFRSF10C fragment was able to significantly promote gene expression (Fold change = 2.375, P = 0.013). Our data confirmed that TNFRSF10C promoter hypermethylation can predict shorter overall survival of CRC patients (P = 0.032). Additionally, bioinformatics analyses indicated that TNFRSF10C hypermethylation was significantly associated with lower TNFRSF10C expression.

Conclusion

Our work suggested that TNFRSF10C hypermethylation was significantly associated with the risk of CRC.
Maxent estimation of aquaticEscherichia colistream impairment
Authors: Gilfillan Dennis , Joyner Timothy A. , Scheuerman Phillip
Published: September 2018

Background

The leading cause of surface water impairment in United States’ rivers and streams is pathogen contamination. Although use of fecal indicators has reduced human health risk, current approaches to identify and reduce exposure can be improved. One important knowledge gap within exposure assessment is characterization of complex fate and transport processes of fecal pollution. Novel modeling processes can inform watershed decision-making to improve exposure assessment.

Methods

We used the ecological model, Maxent, and the fecal indicator bacteriumEscherichia colito identify environmental factors associated with surface water impairment.Samples were collected August, November, February, and May for 8 years on Sinking Creek in Northeast Tennessee and analyzed for 10 water quality parameters andE. coliconcentrations. Univariate and multivariate models estimated probability of impairment given the water quality parameters. Model performance was assessed using area under the receiving operating characteristic (AUC) and prediction accuracy, defined as the model’s ability to predict both true positives (impairment) and true negatives (compliance). Univariate models generated action values, or environmental thresholds, to indicate potentialE. coliimpairment based on a single parameter. Multivariate models predicted probability of impairment given a suite of environmental variables, and jack-knife sensitivity analysis removed unresponsive variables to elicit a set of the most responsive parameters.

Results

Water temperature univariate models performed best as indicated by AUC, but alkalinity models were the most accurate at correctly classifying impairment. Sensitivity analysis revealed that models were most sensitive to removal of specific conductance. Other sensitive variables included water temperature, dissolved oxygen, discharge, and NO3. The removal of dissolved oxygen improved model performance based on testing AUC, justifying development of two optimized multivariate models; a 5-variable model including all sensitive parameters, and a 4-variable model that excluded dissolved oxygen.

Discussion

Results suggest thatE. coliimpairment in Sinking Creek is influenced by seasonality and agricultural run-off, stressing the need for multi-month sampling along a stream continuum. Although discharge was not predictive ofE. coliimpairment alone, its interactive effect stresses the importance of both flow dependent and independent processes associated withE. coliimpairment.This research also highlights the interactions between nutrient and fecal pollution, a key consideration for watersheds with multiple synergistic impairments. Although one indicator cannot mimic theplethora of existing pathogens in water, incorporating modeling can fine tune an indicator’s utility, providing information concerning fate, transport, and source of fecal pollution while prioritizing resources and increasing confidence in decision making.
Enhanced Bonding via Additive Manufacturing‐Enabled Surface Tailoring of 3D Printed Continuous‐Fiber Composites
Authors: Dugbenoo Edem , Arif Muhamad F. , Wardle Brian L. , Kumar Shanmugam
Published: September 2018

Additive manufacturing (AM) of composites, particularly continuous fiber composites as studied here, is emerging as a new paradigm for creating advanced structures. Traditional machining and joining approaches will evolve or be fully displaced by AM approaches, and here the authors introduce a seminal investigation into AM‐enabled bonding/joining of continuous fiber composite laminates/multilayers. The AM‐enabled tailoring approach volumetrically increases surface area available for bonding by ∼150% by printing lines of continuous Nylon matrix filaments at an infill density of 50% to create a porous (∼50 vol%) bonding surface, rather than the conventional/baseline solid (100 vol%) surface approach. The AM‐tailored multilayers show improvements relative to the baseline single‐lap‐joint (SLJ) multilayer, and versus the industry‐standard surface preparation approach: 550% and 145% increases in ultimate strength, 10 000% and 800% increases in toughness, respectively, while maintaining joint stiffness. Benchmark mechanical performance data is established via the AM‐tailored bonding approach for carbon, glass, and Kevlar continuous fiber reinforced additively manufactured composite SLJ multilayers. AM‐enabled enhanced joining, such as the concept demonstrated here, is critical as AM components are increasingly being joined, both to each other and to other (non‐AM, different AM, etc.) structures in advanced applications.
Mixed and Matched Metallo‐Nanotexaphyrin for Customizable Biomedical Imaging
Authors: Keca Joseph M. , Valic Michael S. , Cheng Miffy H. Y. , Jiang Wenlei , Overchuk Marta , Chen Juan , Zheng Gang
Published: September 2018

The discovery and synthesis of multifunctional organic building blocks for nanoparticles have remained challenging. Texaphyrin macrocycles are multifunctional, all‐organic compounds that possess versatile metal‐chelation capabilities and unique theranostics properties for biomedical applications. Unfortunately, there are significant difficulties associated with the synthesis of texaphyrin‐based subunits capable of forming nanoparticles. Herein, the detailed synthesis of a texaphyrin‐phospholipid building block is reported via a key 1,2‐dinitrophenyl‐phospholipid intermediate, along with stable chelation of two clinically relevant metal ions into texaphyrin‐lipid without compromising their self‐assembly into texaphyrin nanoparticles or nanotexaphyrin. A postinsertion methodology to quantitatively insert a variety of metal‐ions into preformed nanotexaphyrins is developed and employed to synthesize a structurally stable, mixed 111indium‐manganese‐nanotexaphyrin for dual modal single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In vivo dual SPECT/MRI imaging of 111In‐Mn‐nanotexaphyrins in an orthotopic prostatic PC3 mouse model demonstrates complementary signal enhancement in the tumor with both modalities at 22 h post intravenous administration. This result highlights the utility of hybrid metallo‐nanotexaphyrins to achieve sensitive and accurate detection of tumors by accommodating multiple imaging modalities. The power of this mixed and matched metallo‐nanotexaphyrin strategy can be unleashed to allow a diverse range of multifunctional biomedical imaging.
Compelling Rejuvenated Catalytic Performance in Metallic Glasses
Authors: Liang Shun‐Xing , Jia Zhe , Liu Yu‐Jing , Zhang Wenchang , Wang Weimin , Lu Jian , Zhang Lai‐Chang
Published: September 2018

Metallic glasses (MGs) with the metastable nature and random atomic packing structure have attracted large attention in the catalytic family due to their superior catalytic performance. In contrast, their crystalline counterparts are restricted by the highly ordered packing structure, fewer surface active sites, and crystallographic defects for catalytic activity. The uncertainty of the different catalytic mechanisms and the intrinsic characteristics correlated to MGs and their crystalline counterparts become a major impediment to promote their catalytic efficiencies and widespread applications. Herein, it is reported that the excellent catalytic behavior in Fe‐based MGs goes through a detrimental effect with the partial crystallization, but receives a compelling rejuvenation in the full crystallization. Further investigation reveals that multiphase intermetallics with electric potential differences in fully crystallized alloys facilitate the formation of galvanic cells. More importantly, extensively reduced grain boundaries due to grain growth greatly weaken electron trapping and promote inner electron transportation. The relatively homogenous grain‐boundary corrosion in the intermetallics contributes to well‐separated phases after reaction, leading to refreshment of the surface active sites, thereby quickly activating hydrogen peroxide and rapidly degrading organic pollutants. The exploration of catalytic mechanisms in the crystalline counterparts of MGs provides significant insights into revolutionize novel catalysts.
The Worldwide Graphene Flake Production
Authors: Kauling Alan P. , Seefeldt Andressa T. , Pisoni Diego P. , Pradeep Roshini C. , Bentini Ricardo , Oliveira Ricardo V. B. , Novoselov Konstantin S. , Castro Neto Antonio H.
Published: September 2018

There are hundreds of companies worldwide claiming to produce “graphene,” showing a large variation in its properties. A systematic and reliable protocol is developed to test graphene quality using electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, elemental analysis, X‐ray photoelectron spectrometry, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy, which is used to study graphene from 60 producers. The statistical nature of the liquid‐phase exfoliation of graphite is established. It is shown that the current classification of graphene flakes used in the market is erroneous. A new classification is proposed in terms of distribution functions for number of layers and flake size. It is shown unequivocally that the quality of the graphene produced in the world today is rather poor, not optimal for most applications, and most companies are producing graphite microplatelets. This is possibly the main reason for the slow development of graphene applications, which usually require a customized solution in terms of graphene properties. It is argued that the creation of stringent standards for graphene characterization and production, taking into account both the physical properties, as well as the requirements from the particular application, is the only way forward to create a healthy and reliable worldwide graphene market.
Bacteria‐Based Materials for Stem Cell Engineering
Authors: Hay Jake J. , Rodrigo‐Navarro Aleixandre , Petaroudi Michaela , Bryksin Anton V. , García Andrés J. , Barker Thomas H. , Dalby Matthew J. , Salmeron‐Sanchez Manuel
Published: September 2018

Materials can be engineered to deliver specific biological cues that control stem cell growth and differentiation. However, current materials are still limited for stem cell engineering as stem cells are regulated by a complex biological milieu that requires spatiotemporal control. Here a new approach of using materials that incorporate designed bacteria as units that can be engineered to control human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), in a highly dynamic‐temporal manner, is presented. Engineered Lactococcus lactis spontaneously colonizes a variety of material surfaces (e.g., polymers, metals, and ceramics) and is able to maintain growth and induce differentiation of hMSCs in 2D/3D surfaces and hydrogels. Controlled, dynamic, expression of fibronectin fragments supports stem cell growth, whereas inducible‐temporal regulation of secreted bone morphogenetic protein‐2 drives osteogenesis in an on‐demand manner. This approach enables stem cell technologies using material systems that host symbiotic interactions between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
Nanoporous Films and Nanostructure Arrays Created by Selective Dissolution of Water‐Soluble Materials
Authors: Kim Yoon Seo , Song Jaejung , Hwang Chihyun , Wang Xuejing , Wang Haiyan , MacManus‐Driscoll Judith L. , Song Hyun‐Kon , Cho Seungho
Published: September 2018

Highly porous thin films and nanostructure arrays are created by a simple process of selective dissolution of a water‐soluble material, Sr3Al2O6. Heteroepitaxial nanocomposite films with self‐separated phases of a target material and Sr3Al2O6 are first prepared by physical vapor deposition. NiO, ZnO, and Ni1−xMgxO are used as the target materials. Only the Sr3Al2O6 phase in each nanocomposite film is selectively dissolved by dipping the film in water for 30 s at room temperature. This gentle and fast method minimizes damage to the remaining target materials and side reactions that can generate impurity phases. The morphologies and dimensions of the pores and nanostructures are controlled by the relative wettability of the separated phases on the growth substrates. The supercapacitor properties of the porous NiO films are enhanced compared to plain NiO films. The method can also be used to prepare porous films or nanostructure arrays of other oxides, metals, chalcogenides, and nitrides, as well as films or nanostructures with single‐crystalline, polycrystalline, or amorphous nature.
On the Evaluation of the Sensitivity Coefficient of Strain Sensors
Authors: Liu Ya‐Feng , Li Yuan‐Qing , Huang Pei , Hu Ning , Fu Shao‐Yun
Published: September 2018

Sensitivity is one of the most important parameters for strain sensors. Appropriate evaluation of the sensitivity is of great significance in developing new strain sensors since, otherwise, misleading conclusions may be made. The estimation of the sensitivity coefficient of piezoresistive strain sensors based on the previously used expressions is highly dependent on the initial resistance R
0 and the sensor type (namely positive or negative). Here, it is clearly displayed that this will result in large inaccuracies in the sensitivity coefficient evaluation. Based on the modified expression by replacing R
0 with the instantaneous resistance R, the data for the sensitivity coefficient reported in literature are re‐estimated. The results reveal that most of the so‐called records reported in literature of the sensitivity coefficient are overestimated. The highest gauge factor reported so far is corrected from 1 000 000 to only 3313. On the other hand, the sensitivity coefficient for negative piezoresistive sensors is shown to be somewhat underestimated.
Investigation of gas–liquid two‐phase flow field behavior based on computational fluid dynamics in a water‐sparged aerocyclone
Authors: Qiu Facheng , Wu Haifeng , Quan Xuejun
Published: September 2018

The water‐sparged aerocyclone (WSA) is a new type of high efficient gas–liquid mass transfer equipment. The focus of this paper is to investigate the gas–liquid interaction, the distribution pattern of the flow field, and the distribution characteristics of turbulent kinetic energy in the coupled space of WSA. The Reynolds stress model and the multiphase flow model of volume of fluid were employed to simulate the distribution of three‐dimensional flow field in WSA, simultaneously. In present work, the numerical simulation results match well with the measured pressure drop data. The simulation results show that the symmetry of the velocity distribution of the coupled field is weakened, and the decay rate of turbulent kinetic energy is raised with the increase of gas inlet velocity. The maximum value of the axial velocity occurs a phenomenon of metastasis from the vicinity of the wall to the center of the exhaust pipe along the radial distribution. The radial velocity reaches a maximum near the center of the coupling field. The tangential velocity distribution has peak areas near the WSA wall and near the central exhaust pipe, respectively. The research results can provide the basis for the optimal design and industrial scale‐up of WSA.
Modified ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure in a bicornuate uterus breech presentation Pierre Robin fetus with severe micrognathia and cleft palate
Authors: Duek Irit , Gil Ziv , Solt Ido
Published: September 2018

Key Clinical Message

Thorough prenatal evaluation allows for identification of fetuses with compromised airway. The ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure enables maintaining uteroplacental circulation during cesarean section while securing a potentially obstructed fetal airway, converting a potentially catastrophic situation into a controlled one. An expert multidisciplinary team is the key to success.
Adsorptive Removal of As(V) Ions from Water using Graphene Oxide‐Manganese Ferrite and Titania Nanotube‐Manganese Ferrite Hybrid Nanomaterials
Authors: Shahrin Sazreen , Lau Woei-Jye , Goh Pei-Sean , Jaafar Juhana , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi
Published: September 2018

In this study, two types of novel hybrid nanomaterials, i.e., graphene oxide‐manganese ferrite (GMF) and titania nanotube‐manganese ferrite (TMF), were synthesized and used as adsorbent for removing arsenate (As(V)) ions from water via adsorption mechanisms. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by different techniques prior to use in the adsorption process. Batch adsorption studies revealed that the maximum adsorption capacities of GMF and TMF against As(V) are 102.0 and 80.8 mg g−1, respectively, when tested using feed water solution containing 400 ppm As(V).
Electrochemical Material Processing via Continuous Charge‐Discharge Cycling: Enhanced Performance upon Cycling for Porous LaMnO3 Perovskite Supercapacitor Electrodes
Authors: Shafi P. Muhammed , Bose A. Chandra , Vinu Ajayan
Published: September 2018

Creating controlled porous morphologies in smart materials offers a significant enhancement in their properties, which can not only open access to various applications, but also improve their efficiency and performance. Among smart materials, porous carbon electrodes have been receiving much attention owing to their smooth and faster ionic kinetics in regard to their electrode‐electrolyte interface, which is promising for the development of high performance devices with a prolonged lifetime. Various techniques including soft and hard templating approaches are available for controlling the pore structure and morphological control of these porous carbon nanostructures, used as negative electrodes. However, reports on stable porous positive electrodes are quite limited. Here, we report on porous LaMnO3 electrodes and their application in symmetric supercapacitors exhibiting high energy and power densities over prolonged lifetime (>110,000 cycles). We demonstrate that a simple electrochemical cycling process can be used as an efficient tool to create proper channels by interconnecting the adjacent pores of the porous electrode material to facilitate smooth and faster ionic transport or intercalation/deintercalation of electrolyte species into the electrode surface. The creation of channels and preconditioning of the electrode surface are well investigated by analysing the voltammogram at various cycles and supports the enhancement of the supercapacitance even after myriad cycles.
Exfoliation of Graphene by Dendritic Water‐Soluble Zinc Phthalocyanine Amphiphiles in Polar Media
Authors: Methfessel Christian D. , Volland Michel , Brunner Kristin , Wibmer Leonie , Hahn Uwe , de la Torre Gema , Torres Tomás , Hirsch Andreas , Guldi Dirk M.
Published: September 2018

Two zinc phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) have been equipped with Newkome‐type dendritic branches of increasing size and number of terminal carboxylate functional groups. The negatively charged carboxylates render these polyelectrolytes soluble in polar media such as methanol or buffered water. Sonication of the ZnPcs with graphene allowed for pronounced non‐covalent binding of the ZnPc moieties on the graphene surface. These hybrid systems were fully characterized via UV/Vis, AFM, TEM, Raman and transient absorption spectroscopy, yielding insights into the electron donating nature of the novel phthalocyanine structures.
Stereoselective conjugate addition of ketones to alkylidene malonates using thiourea‐sulfonamide organocatalyst
Authors: Kawada Masahiro , Nakashima Kosuke , Hirashima Shin‐ichi , Sakagami Toru , Koseki Yuji , Miura Tsuyoshi
Published: September 2018

In this study, stereoselective conjugate addition of ketones to alkylidene malonates using organocatalyst has been developed. The reaction in the presence of 20 mol% of a novel thiourea‐sulfonamide organocatalyst afforded conjugate adducts in moderate to high yields (up to 81%) under mild reaction conditions. Excellent diastereoselectivity (up to 98:2 dr) and enantioselectivity (up to 88% ee) were achieved.