bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The mannose 6-phosphate receptor targeted with porphyrin-based periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles for rhabdomyosarcoma theranostics
Authors: Daurat Morgane , Nguyen Christophe , Dominguez Gil Sofia , Sol Vincent , Chaleix Vincent , Charnay Clarence , Raehm Laurence , El Cheikh Khaled , Morère Alain , Bernasconi Michele , Timpanaro Andrea , Garcia Marcel , Cunin Frédérique , Roessler Jochen , Durand Jean-Olivier , Gary-Bobo Magali
Published: May 2020

Periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles targeted to the mannose 6-phosphate receptor for rhabdomyosarcoma photodynamic therapy using a pulsed laser.
Oxidation of 8-thioguanosine gives redox-responsive hydrogels and reveals intermediates in a desulfurization pathway
Authors: Xiao Songjun , Lee Wes , Chen Fu , Zavalij Peter Y. , Gutierrez Osvaldo , Davis Jeffery T.
Published: May 2020

Oxidation of 8-thioguanosine gives a disulfide that forms redox-responsive hydrogels and is an intermediate in oxidative desulfurization of 8-thioG.
Recent experimental explorations of non-classical nucleation
Authors: Jin Biao , Liu Zhaoming , Tang Ruikang
Published: May 2020

This work provides a clearer picture for non-classical nucleation by revealing the presence of various intermediates using advanced characterization techniques.
Engineering CuOx–ZrO2–CeO2 nanocatalysts with abundant surface Cu species and oxygen vacancies toward high catalytic performance in CO oxidation and 4-nitrophenol reduction
Authors: Liu Baolin , Li Yizhao , Qing Shaojun , Wang Kun , Xie Jing , Cao Yali
Published: May 2020

CuOx–ZrO2–CeO2 nanocrystalline catalysts were designed and synthesized by a solvent-free synthetic strategy, and exhibited excellent catalytic performance owing to the increased oxygen vacancies and better dispersed active metal species.
Evidence for lactone formation during infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy of bromoalkanoate doped salt clusters
Authors: Bersenkowitsch Nina K. , Ončák Milan , Heller Jakob , Pascher Tobias F. , van der Linde Christian , Beyer Martin K.
Published: May 2020

Bromoalkanoates embedded in sodium iodide clusters undergo an intramolecular SN2 reaction to form lactone and bromide.
On the polarization of ligands by proteins
Authors: Willow Soohaeng Yoo , Xie Bing , Lawrence Jason , Eisenberg Robert S. , Minh David D. L.
Published: May 2020

The ligand polarization energy is evaluated for 286 crystallographic complexes from the PDBBind Core Set. It is found to be a substantial and variable highly fraction of the total protein–ligand interaction energy.
Surface-orientation- and ligand-dependent quenching of the spin magnetic moment of Co porphyrins adsorbed on Cu substrates
Authors: Arruda Lucas M. , Ali Md. Ehesan , Bernien Matthias , Hatter Nino , Nickel Fabian , Kipgen Lalminthang , Hermanns Christian F. , Bißwanger Timo , Loche Philip , Heinrich Benjamin W. , Franke Katharina J. , Oppeneer Peter M. , Kuch Wolfgang
Published: May 2020

The magnetism of adsorbed Co porphyrin molecules is controlled by their ligands and the substrate's orientation.
Electric-field-mediated magnetic properties of all-oxide CoFe2O4/La0.67Sr0.33MnO3/Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.7Ti0.3O3 heterostructures
Authors: Wang Ping , Jin Chao , Li Dong , Wang Yuchen , Liu Shasha , Wang Xinyue , Pang Xin , Zheng Dongxing , Zheng Wanchao , Zheng Rongkun , Bai Haili
Published: May 2020

The coercivity of the CFO/LSMO/PMN-PT heterostructures decreases ∼50%, making it possible to achieve electric-field-controlled magnetoresistance.
In situ XAFS of acid-resilient iridate pyrochlore oxygen evolution electrocatalysts under operating conditions
Authors: Burnett David L. , Petrucco Enrico , Russell Andrea E. , Kashtiban Reza J. , Sharman Jonathan D. B , Walton Richard I.
Published: May 2020

Electrocatalytic water splitting using iridate pyrochlores studied using synchrotron spectroscopy reveals a response from all iridium in the conducting oxide.
Radical⋯radical chalcogen bonds: CSD analysis and DFT calculations
Authors: Galmés Bartomeu , Adrover Jaume , Terraneo Giancarlo , Frontera Antonio , Resnati Giuseppe
Published: May 2020

A search in the Cambridge Structural Database and theoretical calculations (UPBE0-D3/def2-TZVP level of theory) show the existence and relevance of substituent effects on the strength of radical⋯radical chalcogen bonding interactions.
Covalent organic framework photocatalysts: structures and applications
Authors: Wang Han , Wang Hui , Wang Ziwei , Tang Lin , Zeng Guangming , Xu Piao , Chen Ming , Xiong Ting , Zhou Chengyun , Li Xiyi , Huang Danlian , Zhu Yuan , Wang Zixuan , Tang Junwang
Published: May 2020

This review summarises the recent advances of covalent organic framework photocatalysts including structures and applications.
Alginate–copper microspheres as efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalysts for the one-pot synthesis of 4-organylselanyl-1H-pyrazoles
Authors: Souza Jaqueline F. , de Aquino Thalita F. B. , Nascimento José E. R. , Jacob Raquel G. , Fajardo André R.
Published: May 2020

This study demonstrates the facile preparation and use of alginate–Cu2+ microspheres in the catalysis of a new class of organoselenium substituted pyrazoles through one-pot reactions.
Calcium carbide as a dehydrating agent for the synthesis of carbamates, glycerol carbonate, and cyclic carbonates from carbon dioxide
Authors: Zhang Qiao , Yuan Hao-Yu , Lin Xiao-Tao , Fukaya Norihisa , Fujitani Tadahiro , Sato Kazuhiko , Choi Jun-Chul
Published: May 2020

Calcium carbide was used as a sustainable dehydrating agent for the synthesis of carbamates, glycerol carbonate, and cyclic carbonates directly from CO2.
Intelligent image-activated cell sorting 2.0
Authors: Isozaki Akihiro , Mikami Hideharu , Tezuka Hiroshi , Matsumura Hiroki , Huang Kangrui , Akamine Marino , Hiramatsu Kotaro , Iino Takanori , Ito Takuro , Karakawa Hiroshi , Kasai Yusuke , Li Yan , Nakagawa Yuta , Ohnuki Shinsuke , Ota Tadataka , Qian Yong , Sakuma Shinya , Sekiya Takeichiro , Shirasaki Yoshitaka , Suzuki Nobutake , Tayyabi Ehsen , Wakamiya Tsubasa , Xu Muzhen , Yamagishi Mai , Yan Haochen , Yu Qiang , Yan Sheng , Yuan Dan , Zhang Wei , Zhao Yaqi , Arai Fumihito , Campbell Robert E. , Danelon Christophe , Di Carlo Dino , Hiraki Kei , Hoshino Yu , Hosokawa Yoichiroh , Inaba Mary , Nakagawa Atsuhiro , Ohya Yoshikazu , Oikawa Minoru , Uemura Sotaro , Ozeki Yasuyuki , Sugimura Takeaki , Nitta Nao , Goda Keisuke
Published: May 2020

The upgraded version of intelligent image-activated cell sorting (iIACS) has enabled higher-throughput and more sensitive intelligent image-based sorting of single live cells from heterogeneous populations.
Cell elasticity measurement using a microfluidic device with real-time pressure feedback
Authors: Chen Zhenlin , Zhu Yonggang , Xu Dong , Alam Md. Mahbub , Shui Lingling , Chen Huaying
Published: May 2020

The study of cell elasticity provides new insights into not only cell biology but also disease diagnosis based on cell mechanical state variation.
Structure-guided discovery of selective methionyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors with potent activity against Trypanosoma brucei
Authors: Zhang Zhongsheng , Barros-Álvarez Ximena , Gillespie J. Robert , Ranade Ranae M. , Huang Wenlin , Shibata Sayaka , Molasky Nora M. R. , Faghih Omeed , Mushtaq Aisha , Choy Robert K. M. , de Hostos Eugenio , Hol Wim G. J. , Verlinde Christophe L. M. J. , Buckner Frederick S. , Fan Erkang
Published: May 2020

Potent T. brucei methionyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors built on two novel short and rigid linker systems.
Effect of Fe-doping on bending elastic properties of single-crystalline rutile TiO2 nanowires
Authors: Liu Qiong , Zhan Haifei , Nie Yihan , Xu Yanan , Zhu Huaiyong , Sun Ziqi , Bell John , Bo Arinxin , Gu Yuantong
Published: May 2020

Three-point bending tests of a pristine rutile TiO2 NW.
A new Mumm-type rearrangement with dithiocarbamates via isocyanide-based multicomponent reaction under ultrasound irradiation: synthesis of polysubstituted pyrrolidine compounds
Authors: Moghaddam Firouz Matloubi , Goudarzi Mehri , Chamani Fatemeh , Dezag Hamid Mohammadzadeh
Published: May 2020

Through a domino reaction, five new bonds were formed, carbon–sulfur, two carbon–nitrogen, and two carbon–carbon bonds.
Heterogeneous assembly of Pt-clusters on hierarchically structured CoOx@SnPd2@SnO2 quaternary nanocatalysts manifesting oxygen reduction reaction performance
Authors: Bhalothia Dinesh , Chen Po-Chun , Yan Che , Yeh Wei , Tsai Dai-Ling , Chan Ting-Shan , Wang Kuan-Wen , Chen Tsan-Yao
Published: May 2020

Atomic Pt clusters in the heterogeneous interface of CoOx@SnPd2@SnO2 possess high heteroatomic intermixing facilities, oxygen splitting and hydration reactions resulting in high performance ORR.
Facile template free approach for the large-scale solid phase synthesis of nanocrystalline XIn2S4 (X = Cd/Zn) and its photocatalytic performance for H2 evolution
Authors: Naik Sonali D. , Apte Sanjay K. , Garaje Sunil N. , Sethi Yogesh A. , Shinde Manish D. , Arbuj Sudhir A. , Kale Bharat B. , Sonawane Ravindra S.
Published: May 2020

Nanostructured CdIn2S4 and ZnIn2S4 with unique morphologies can be synthesized using this method which is simple and easy to operate.
Physically mixed catalytic system of amino and sulfo-functional porous organic polymers as efficiently synergistic co-catalysts for one-pot cascade reactions
Authors: Sun Zunming , Liu Fuyao , Yang Xinyue , Huang Xianpei , Zhang Mengmeng , Bian Guomin , Qi Yonglin , Yang Xinlin , Zhang Wangqing
Published: May 2020

Acid/base bi-functional polymeric materials were prepared using physically mixed porous polymers P(DVB-VBS) with sulfonic acid and P(DVB-VBA) with amino groups for various cascade reactions.
Curcumin-loaded naturally-based nanofibers as active wound dressing mats: morphology, drug release, cell proliferation, and cell adhesion studies
Authors: Akrami-Hasan-Kohal Mohammad , Tayebi Lobat , Ghorbani Marjan
Published: May 2020

A perfect wound dressing should be able to maintain a high moisture content, manage exudates effectively, provide thermal insulation, and provide reliable mechanical strength.
The composition dependent structure and catalytic activity of nanostructured Cu–Ni bimetallic oxides
Authors: Vivek S. , Preethi S. , Sundramoorthy Ashok K. , Suresh Babu K.
Published: May 2020

Nanostructured CuO–NiO bimetallic oxide was used as a catalyst for the effective conversion of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP).
Enhancement of the performance of Pd nanoclusters confined within ultrathin silica layers for formic acid oxidation
Authors: Shan Jiefei , Zeng Tang , Wu Wei , Tan Yangyang , Cheng Niancai , Mu Shichun
Published: May 2020

Ultrasmall Pd nanoclusters confined within silica layers show high activity for formic acid oxidation with excellent stability.
Inducing rapid polysulfide transformation through enhanced interfacial electronic interaction for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Shen Chao , Zhang Kun , You You , Wang Hui , Ning Ruiqi , Qi Yaqin , Li Nan , Ding Cuimin , Xie Keyu , Wei Bingqing
Published: May 2020

Sluggish dynamics of polysulfide conversion leads to reduced utilization of active sulfur and rapid capacity decay.
Enhancing photocatalytic H2 evolution on In2S3/mesoporous TiO2 nanocomposites via one-pot microwave-assisted synthesis using an ionic liquid
Authors: Hu Qianqian , Chen Guowei , Wang Yanqi , Jin Jiance , Hao Minting , Li Jianrong , Huang Xiaoying , Jiang Jiang
Published: May 2020

Presented are In2S3/mesoporous TiO2 nanocomposites showing a high H2 generation activity prepared by a one-pot microwave-assisted method using an ionic liquid.
Water-soluble hyperbranched polyglycerol photosensitizer for enhanced photodynamic therapy
Authors: Xiang Bowen , Xue Yudong , Liu Zhiyong , Tian Jia , Frey Holger , Gao Yun , Zhang Weian
Published: May 2020

Herein, we successfully fabricated a new type of water-soluble, hyperbranched polyglycerol photosensitizer through one-step esterification between water-soluble hyperbranched polyglycerol (hbPG) and fluorophenylporphyrin (FP).
Comprehensive studies of the ligand electronic effect on unsymmetrical α-diimine nickel(ii) promoted ethylene (co)polymerizations
Authors: Hu Xiaoqiang , Wang Chaoqun , Jian Zhongbao
Published: May 2020

The ligand electronic effects on the horizontal axis and vertical axis are systematically disclosed in unsymmetrical α-diimine Ni(ii)-promoted ethylene polymerization and copolymerization reactions.
Assembly of lignin-based colloidal particles: effects of cationic surfactants, molecular weight, and solvent on morphology
Authors: Liu Dexiang , Liu Jinyu , Zhou Yingxiang , Chen Jienan , Zhan Peng , Yang Guoen , Wu Zhiping
Published: May 2020

Effect of cationic surfactants, molecular weight and solvent on the morphology of lignin based particles and in vitro release behavior.
Multidimensional assembly using layer-by-layer deposition for synchronized cardiac macro tissues
Authors: Jang Yongjun , Jung Da Jung , Choi Seung-Cheol , Lim Do-Sun , Kim Jong-Hoon , Jeoung Gi Seok , Kim Jongseong , Park Yongdoo
Published: May 2020

We fabricated a cardiac macro tissue with synchronized beating by layer-by-layer deposition and evaluated the effect of drug candidates.
Isocyanate- and solvent-free synthesis of melt processible polyurea elastomers derived from urea as a monomer
Authors: White B. Tyler , Migliore John M. , Mapesa Emmanuel U. , Wolfgang Josh D. , Sangoro Joshua , Long Timothy E.
Published: May 2020

Polyurea elastomers derived in part from a bio-sourced feedstock and synthesized using an isocyanate-, solvent-, and catalyst-free approach exhibit elastomeric properties while maintaining melt-processibility.
Enhancement of photo-Fenton catalytic activity with the assistance of oxalic acid on the kaolin–FeOOH system for the degradation of organic dyes
Authors: Xiao Chun , Li Su , Yi Fuhao , Zhang Bo , Chen Dan , Zhang Yang , Chen Hongxin , Huang Yueli
Published: May 2020

Degradation mechanism of the K–Fe/oxalic acid/H2O2/visible light system.
The 1α-hydroxy-A-rings of norditerpenoid alkaloids are twisted-boat conformers
Authors: Zeng Ziyu , Qasem Ashraf M. A. , Kociok-Köhn Gabriele , Rowan Michael G. , Blagbrough Ian S.
Published: May 2020

The skeletal conformations of naturally occurring norditerpenoid alkaloids fix their substituent functional groups in space, thereby directing their bioactivities.
How to polarise an interface with ions: the discrete Helmholtz model
Authors: Gschwend Grégoire C. , Olaya Astrid , Girault Hubert H.
Published: May 2020

The discrete nature of the charge carriers at polarised soft interfaces yields sharp potential profiles as well as concentration and potential independent capacitances.
A bioinspired molybdenum–copper molecular catalyst for CO2 electroreduction
Authors: Mouchfiq Ahmed , Todorova Tanya K. , Dey Subal , Fontecave Marc , Mougel Victor
Published: May 2020

A bimetallic Mo–Cu complex inspired by the active site of the carbon monoxide dehydrogenase enzyme mediates the electroreduction of carbon dioxide to formic acid.
Rolling circle amplification-driven encoding of different fluorescent molecules for simultaneous detection of multiple DNA repair enzymes at the single-molecule level
Authors: Li Chen-chen , Chen Hui-yan , Hu Juan , Zhang Chun-yang
Published: May 2020

Integration of single-molecule detection with rolling circle amplification-driven encoding of different fluorescent molecules enables simultaneous detection of multiple DNA repair enzymes.
The critical importance of ionomers on the electrochemical activity of platinum and platinum-free catalysts for anion-exchange membrane fuel cells
Authors: Santori Pietro G. , Mondal Abhishek N. , Dekel Dario R. , Jaouen Frédéric
Published: May 2020

Anion-exchange membrane fuel cells show remarkable and rapid progress in performance, significantly increasing the relevance for research on electrocatalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen oxidation reaction for this technology.
An insight into the role of riboflavin ligand in the self-assembly of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based nanoparticles – a molecular simulation and experimental approach
Authors: Rezvantalab Sima , Keshavarz Moraveji Mostafa , Khedri Mohammad , Maleki Reza
Published: May 2020

Nanoparticles (NPs) used for targeted delivery purposes are rapidly gaining importance in diagnostic and therapeutic fields.
Multiple diffusion pathways in LixNi0.77Co0.14Al0.09O2 (NCA) Li-ion battery cathodes
Authors: Ashton Thomas E. , Baker Peter J. , Bauer Dustin , Groves Alexandra R. , Sotelo-Vazquez Carlos , Kamiyama Takashi , Matsukawa Takeshi , Kojima Kenji M. , Darr Jawwad A.
Published: May 2020

Experimental evidence for the presence of two diffusion pathways, namely the oxygen dumbbell hop (ODH) and tetrahedral site hop (TSH), has been given for the first time by muon spin relaxation (µSR) in layered oxide lithium ion battery cathodes.
A “boxes in fibers” strategy to construct a necklace-like conductive network for high-rate and high-loading lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Zhou Shiyuan , Liu Jiapeng , Xie Fanxuan , Zhao Yinghao , Mei Tao , Wang Zhengbang , Wang Xianbao
Published: May 2020

Following a “boxes in fibers” strategy, a 3D conductive network is constructed by necklace-like N-doped carbon nanofibers with carbon nanoboxes and TiC as an efficient sulfur host, showing excellent performance even under high-rate and high-loading.
High load drug release systems based on carbon porous nanocapsule carriers. Ibuprofen case study
Authors: Ávila M. Inés , Alonso-Morales Noelia , Baeza José A. , Rodríguez Juan J. , Gilarranz Miguel A.
Published: May 2020

Carbon nanocapsules with porous shell show excellent behaviour as drug carriers. They enable a high load of ca. 6000 mg of drug per g of carrier and a controlled release at different pH values.
Biodegradable phosphorylcholine copolymer for cardiovascular stent coating
Authors: Liu Jun , Wang Jing , Xue Yun-fan , Chen Ting-ting , Huang Dan-ni , Wang You-xiang , Ren Ke-feng , Wang Yun-bing , Fu Guo-sheng , Ji Jian
Published: May 2020

A biodegradable phosphorylcholine-based copolymer synthesized via one-step radical ring-opening polymerization may be a promising material for biodegradable stent coating.
Solid-state synthesis of stable and color tunable cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals and the mechanism of high-performance photodetection in a monolayer MoS2/CsPbBr3 vertical heterojunction
Authors: Ghosh Joydip , Mawlong Larionette P. L. , G. B. Manasa , Pattison Alexander J. , Theis Wolfgang , Chakraborty Sudip , Giri P. K.
Published: May 2020

Color tunable cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals with high stability and the mechanism of high-performance photodetection in a monolayer MoS2/CsPbBr3 vertical heterojunction.
A novel donor moiety 9,9,9′9′-tetramethyl-9,9′10,10′-tetrahydro-2,10′-biacridine via one-pot C–H arylation for TADF emitters and their application in highly efficient solution-processable OLEDs
Authors: Liu Yuchao , Yin Zheng , Wang Xiangbing , Baranoff Etienne , Zhou Di , Zhang Kai , Ren Zhongjie , Wang Shengyue , Zhu Weiguo , Wang Yafei
Published: May 2020

A novel donor fragment of BDMAc is synthesized via C–H arylation by the one-pot method, and three BDMAc-based TADF molecules with high efficiency are obtained. Solution processable OLEDs based on these TADF molecules exhibit a high EQE of ∼23%.
mTOR up-regulation of SNRPA1 contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma development
Authors: Feng Jing , Guo Jian , Zhao Pengyu , Shen Jing , Chai Baofeng , Wang Junping
Published: May 2020

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Recent studies showed that snRNPs were implicated in human cancer development. The role of SNRPA1, which is a member of U2 snRNPs, in HCC, remains undocumented. Here, we found that SNRPA1 was highly expressed in HCC tissue compared with normal adjacent liver tissues. Up-regulation of SNRPA1 was correlated with the clinical stage of HCC and the overall survival of HCC patients. In vitro and in vivo results showed that knockdown of SNPRA1 inhibited the cell proliferation, colony formation and xenografted tumorigenesis of HCC cells. Apoptosis was induced by SNPRA1 down-regulation. Mechanistically, SNPRA1 was stimulated by mTOR activation. In addition, whole-genome microarray analysis identified that 262 genes were up-regulated and 462 genes were down-regulated by SNPRA1 knockdown in HCC cells. qPCR analysis suggested that the fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2), Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), β-catenin, Ki-67 and cyclin B1 were down-regulated and caspase 3, p53 as well as p21 were up-regulated after SNRPA1 knockdown. Taken together, our findings implicate that SNPRA1 functions as an oncogene in HCC.
The Relationship Between Lexical and Phonological Development in French-Speaking Children: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Kehoe Margaret M. , Patrucco-Nanchen Tamara , Friend Margaret , Zesiger Pascal
Published: May 2020

Purpose

This study examines the influence of lexical and phonological factors on expressive lexicon size in 40 French-speaking children tested longitudinally from 22 to 48 months. The factors include those based on the lexical and phonological properties of words in the children's lexicons (phonetic complexity, word length, neighborhood density [ND], and word frequency [WF]) as well as variables measuring phonological production (percent consonants correct and phonetic inventory size). Specifically, we investigate the relative influence of these factors at individual ages, namely, 22, 29, 36, and 48 months, and which factors measured at 22 and 29 months influence lexicon size at 36 and 48 months.

Method

Children were selected based on parent-reported vocabulary size. We included children with low, medium, and high vocabulary scores. The children's lexicons were coded in terms of phonetic complexity, word length, ND, and WF, and their phonological production skills were based on measures of percent consonants correct and phonetic inventory size extracted from spontaneous speech samples at 29, 36, and 48 months. In the case of ND and WF, we focused on one- and two-syllable nouns.

Results

Across the age range, the most important factor that explained variance in lexicon size was the WF of nouns. Children who selected low-frequency nouns had larger vocabularies across all ages (22–48 months). The WF of two-syllable nouns and phonological production measured at 29 months influenced lexicon size at 36 months, whereas the WF (of one- and two-syllable words) influenced lexicon size at 48 months.

Conclusions

The findings support the role of WF and phonological production in explaining expressive vocabulary development. Children enlarge their vocabularies by adding nouns of increasingly lower frequency. Phonological production plays a role in accounting for vocabulary size up until the age of 36 months.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12291074
Effects of an injectable long-acting formulation of ivermectin on Onchocerca ochengi in zebu cattle
Authors: Boussinesq Michel , Enyong Peter , Chounna-Ndongmo Patrick , Njouendou Abdel-Jelil , Pion Sébastien David , Rech Anthony , Roberge Christophe , Gaudriault Georges , Wanji Samuel
Published: May 2020

The availability of a safe macrofilaricidal drug would help to accelerate onchocerciasis elimination. A trial was conducted in Cameroon to evaluate the effects of a subcutaneous injectable long-acting formulation of ivermectin (LAFI) on the microfilariae (mf) and adult stages of Onchocerca ochengi. Ten zebu cattle naturally infected with the parasite were injected subcutaneously with either 500 mg (group A, N = 4), or 1000 mg long-acting ivermectin (group B, N = 4) or the vehicle (group C, N = 2). Skin samples were collected from each animal before, and 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment to measure microfilarial densities (MFDs). Nodules excised before, and 6 and 12 months after treatment were examined histologically to assess the adult worms’ viability and reproductive status. Blood samples were collected at pre-determined time-points to obtain pharmacokinetic data. Before treatment, the average O. ochengi MFDs were similar in the three groups. Six months after treatment, all animals in groups A and B were free of skin mf, whereas those in group C still showed high MFDs (mean = 324.5 mf/g). Only one ivermectin-treated animal (belonging to group A) had skin mf 12 months after treatment (0.9 mf/g). At 24 months, another animal in group A showed skin mf (10.0 mf/g). The histologic examination of nodules at 6 and 12 months showed that LAFI was not macrofilaricidal but had a strong effect on embryogenesis. The new LAFI regimen might be an additional tool to accelerate the elimination of human onchocerciasis in specific settings.
Paracetamol bei Rückenschmerzen nicht empfohlen
Authors: Vielitz Arne
Published: May 2020

Schreijenberg M, Lin CC, McLachlan AJ et al. Paracetamol is Ineffective for Acute Low Back Pain even for Patients Who Comply with Treatment: Complier Average Causal Effect Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Pain 2019; 160: 2848–2854. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001685
SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: Evidence-Based Recommendations on Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Bein Berthold , Bachmann Martin , Huggett Susanne , Wegermann Petra
Published: May 2020

COVID-19, a new viral disease affecting primarily the respiratory system and the lung, has caused a pandemic posing serious challenges to healthcare systems around the world. In about 20% of patients, severe symptoms occur after a mean incubation period of 5 – 6 days; 5% of patients need intensive care therapy. Mortality is about 1 – 2%. Protecting healthcare workers is of paramount importance in order to prevent hospital-acquired infections. Therefore, during all procedures associated with aerosol production, personal protective equipment consisting of a FFP2/FFP3 (N95) respiratory mask, gloves, safety glasses and a waterproof overall should be used. Therapy is based on established recommendations issued for patients with acute lung injury (ARDS). Lung protective ventilation, prone position, restrictive fluid management and adequate management of organ failure are the mainstays of therapy. In case of fulminant lung failure, veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation may be used as a rescue in experienced centres. New, experimental therapies are evolving with ever increasing frequency; currently, however, no evidence-based recommendation is possible. If off-label and compassionate use of these drugs is considered, an individual benefit-risk assessment is necessary, since serious side effects have been reported.
Herbal Products in Postsurgical Wound Healing – Incision, Excision and Dead Space Wound Models
Authors: Herman Anna , Herman Andrzej P.
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this review is to summarize current knowledge acquired on preclinical (incision, excision, and dead space wound models) and clinical studies regarding topically used herbal products with wound healing activity. The antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant mechanisms of their action as well as the adverse effects of herbal therapy will be described. Numerous preclinical and few clinical trials have confirmed the activity of herbal products in the stimulation of wound healing. In contrast to synthetic drugs, for which chemical compositions, purity, efficacy, minimal active concentration, and toxicity are well specified, several herbal formulations require further investigations. Nevertheless, it cannot be precluded that herbal products may be considered as an important support during conventional wound healing therapy or even as synthetic medicament replacements.
INCIDENCE OF LOSS OF ANTERIOR TEETH DUE TO CARIES IN SOUTH INDIAN POPULATION IN 2009
Authors: Ashwitha Punja , Hegde Mithra N. , Hegde Nidarsh D. , Hegde Nanditha , Prince Jemsily
Published: May 2020

Aim: To evaluate the incidence of loss of anterior teeth due to caries in 2000 patients randomly selected from the South Indian population in 2009.

Material and Methods: 2000 patients were examined for incidence of loss of anterior teeth due to caries and the recorded data was statistically analysed using Pearson Chi-Square test.

Results:Incidence of loss of anterior teeth due to caries in the population of South Canara district was found to be 16.3 %. It was observed that there was increased incidence of loss of anterior teeth in age group above 65 years. No difference in incidence of anterior tooth loss was observed between urban and rural patients and also between males and females. There was high rate of replacement for the missing lost anterior teeth.

Conclusion: This study showed that less than one fourth population of South Canara district had missing anterior tooth due to caries. Since anterior teeth occupies a strategic position in the dental arch, it is necessary to know the caries prevalence in this tooth and take adequate measures to prevent its progression and/or development of new carious lesions.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION CAUSED BY ACINETOBACTER SPECIES AMONG HOSPITALISED PATIENTS
Authors: H. Sanjeev , N. Swathi , Pai Asha , R. Rekha , K. Vimal , R. Ganesh H.
Published: May 2020

Introduction:Acinetobacter species have emerged as important nosocomial pathogens and have been known to cause different kinds of opportunistic infections. Acinetobacter species cause a wide variety of illness in debilitated and hospitalized patients especially in intensive care units (ICU). Because of frequent resistance to aminoglycoside's, fluoroquinolone's, ureidopenicillin's and third generation cephalosporin's, carbapenem are important agents in managing Acinetobacter infections.

Material and Methods: A systematic retrospective analysis was performed on culture positive urinary tract infections among hospitalized patients between January 2010-December 2012. Significant isolates of Acinetobacter species were included in the study and was further analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility, associated risk factors, underlying debility and co-morbid conditions.

Results:Among the 2240 culture positive samples, Acinetobacter species was isolated from 46 patients with UTI. Tigecyline was found to be the antibiotic with highest susceptibility (91%) followed by Imipenem(69.5%), Meropenem (67.3%) and Gatilfoxacin (63%). The six patients who expired had disseminated infection with highly resistant strains of Acinetobacter species. Mechanical ventilation was the predominant risk factor for severe and disseminated infection.

Conclusion:Acinetobacter infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Multidrug resistant Acinetobacter are common in hospitals, especially in ICU's. A feasible hospital antibiotic policy and strict adherence to it, rigorous surveillance and good hospital infection control programme is needed to control the increasing incidence of highly resistant Acinetobacter infections.
CULTURAL BELIEFS AND SPIRITUAL WELLBEING AMONG WOMEN EXPERIENCING RELIGIOUS TRANCE
Authors: Blessy Valsarj Prabha ,   Savitha
Published: May 2020

Background: Every culture has unique ways of beliefs and practices with regard to religion and spirituality. Many rituals like possession, religious trance that are prevalent in society are considered normal especially when performed in a close community or group. Spirit possession is a culturally sanctioned, heavily institutionalized and symbolically invested means of expression in action for various ego dystonic impulses and thoughts.1

Aim: was to assess the cultural beliefs and spiritual wellbeing among women experiencing religious trance.

Methods: A descriptive correlative survey design was used. Thirty one women who had experienced religious trance on the day of 'Siri jaatre' (Annual festival held in the temple) at Sree Veerabhadra Swamy temple, Hiriadka were selected for the study using purposive sampling technique. The instruments used for the study were Demographic Proforma, Cultural Belief Scale and Spiritual Wellbeing Questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis of the data.

Results: Majority women were illiterate (67.7%), coolie workers (61.3%) and married (93.5%). All the women (100%) had high cultural beliefs and high spiritual wellbeing. There was high correlation (r=0.624) between cultural beliefs and spiritual wellbeing.
CHELOSCOPY-A UNIQUE FORENSIC TOOL
Authors: M. Sharma S. , Shalini Krishnan , Akshari Anchan
Published: May 2020

Identity is a characteristic that is unique to every individual. It is an important factor in cases of theft, criminal investigations of the dead or missing, mass disasters both by natural causes and by criminal intent – with this as our day to day reality, the establishment and verification of human identity has become extremely important. DNA and fingerprints are clearly the favored methods of identification, but, they require a prior record and verifiable baseline for comparison. When these tools cannot be used it is necessary to employ those biological factors with higher variation and lower diagnostic probability. Chelioscopy is one among them.
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF UNDER NUTRITION AMONG UNDER FIVE CHILDREN IN A RURAL COMMUNITY
Authors: M. Shreyaswi Sathyanath , Rashmi Rashmi , Kiran N. Udaya
Published: May 2020

Children of today are citizens of tomorrow; the young child under 5 years is most vulnerable to the vicious cycles of malnutrition, infection and disability all of which influence the present condition of a child and the future human resource development of the nation as a whole. Hence the assessment of the ground reality as reflected by the statistics on nutritional status of children becomes very significant in this context.

The study was done to determine the prevalence of under-5 under nutrition and to identify the major child factors contributing to the development of under nutrition among the under 5 children.

This was a cross sectional study conducted in the rural community of Nitte, a field practice area of Department of Community medicine, K S Hegde Medical Academy among all the children of the anganwadis under ICDS scheme. A total of 133 under 5 children were assessed for their nutritional status and the factors that affect nutritional status.

The overall prevalence of under-5 under nutrition was found to be high at 63.16%. More girls were undernourished compared to boys, lower grades of undernourishment were more common and the prevalence of under nutrition increased with increasing age. There was a higher prevalence of underweight in children born with low birth weight, born premature, those children not exclusively breast fed and on improper complementary feeds. Immunization and Vitamin A supplementation of the under-5 children status was highly satisfactory.
CHANGING HEALTH CULTURE AND MEDICAL PLURALISM IN THE RURAL CONTEXT: A CONFRONTATION OR A PUZZLE ?
Authors:   Nanjunda
Published: May 2020

The health culture, and medical pluralism have a long history. Over the last 100 years many concepts, theories, findings have been given for the better understanding of health culture of human beings and the role of the society being. The majority of the theoretical approaches relating to the health and illness originally propounded by the western sociologists. Even today researchers in developing countries are heavily depending on western theories to explain sociology of health culture and medical pluralism. In developing countries, social class, caste, gender plays a vital role in accessing to suitable healthcare facilities. More than these the underlying political and economic forces also counts a lot. It is found that health culture, and medical pluralism are significantly helps us in better understanding people's concepts about onset of various diseases and its cure in a cross cultural framework. Right from the history, sociologists are attempting to find out how social and cultural factors influences in understanding of illness and diseases. The sociologists are also probing how social, economic, and cultural factors the acting and the choosing different health care system (pluralism). With this background this paper is to reveal authors personal experiences working on different health projects in several villages of Karnataka state south India. This paper concludes that health culture and medical pluralism in the rural part have largley been influenced by the emerging social and cultural factors under aegis of globalization in a new direction whhic requires new discourse.
Synthesis of Oxazoline and Oxazole Derivatives by Hypervalent-Iodine-Mediated Oxidative Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Yoshimura Akira , Saito Akio , Zhdankin Viktor V. , Yusubov Mekhman S.
Published: May 2020

Organohypervalent iodine reagents are widely used for the preparation of various oxazolines, oxazoles, isoxazolines, and isoxazoles. In the formation of these heterocyclic compounds, hypervalent iodine species can serve as the activating reagents for various substrates, as well as the heteroatom donor reagents. In recent research, both chemical and electrochemical approaches toward generation of hypervalent iodine species have been utilized. The in situ generated active species can react with appropriate substrates to give the corresponding heterocyclic products. In this short review, we summarize the hypervalent-iodine­-mediated preparation of oxazolines, oxazoles, isoxazolines, and isoxazoles starting from various substrates.

1 Introduction

2 Synthesis of Oxazolines

3 Synthesis of Oxazoles

4 Synthesis of Isoxazolines

5 Synthesis of Isoxazoles

6 Conclusion
Step-Economical C–H Activation Reactions Directed by In Situ Amidation
Authors: Liu Yunyun , Zhao Baoli
Published: May 2020

Owing to the inherent ability of amides to chelate transition-metal catalysts, amide-directed C–H activation reactions constitute a major tactic in directed C–H activation reactions. While the conventional procedures for these reactions usually involve prior preparation and purification of amide substrates before the C–H activation, the step economy is actually undermined by the operation of installing the directing group (DG) and related substrate purification. In this context, directed C–H activation via in situ amidation of the crude material provides a new protocol that can significantly enhance the step economy of amide-directed C–H activation. In this short review, the advances in C–H bond activation reactions mediated or initiated by in situ amidation are summarized and analyzed.

1 Introduction

2 In Situ Amidation in Aryl C–H Bond Activation

3 In Situ Amidation in Alkyl C–H Bond Activation

4 Annulation Reactions via Amidation-Mediated C–H Activation

5 Remote C–H Activation Mediated by Amidation

6 Conclusion
Tertiary Enamides as Versatile and Valuable Substrates to Reach Chemical Diversity
Authors: Miesch Laurence , Beltran Frédéric
Published: May 2020

Tertiary enamides display versatile reactivity and great stability compared to their enamine congeners. This review covers progress made in the development of new methods involving the enaminic reactivity of tertiary enamides with respect to the synthesis of complex nitrogen-containing compounds. A focus on the preparation of biologically active molecules is also presented. The syntheses reported herein are classified based on their reaction type. In addition, mechanistic insights are given for most of the new transformations.

1 Introduction

2 [2+2] Cycloadditions

3 [4+2] Cycloadditions

4 Electrocyclizations and Cycloisomerizations

5 Sigmatropic Rearrangements

6 Nucleophilic Additions

7 Tertiary Enamides as Electrophiles

8 Cross-Coupling Reactions

9 Tertiary-Enamide-Assisted Reactions

10 Conclusion and Perspectives
Basic Principles of Health-Related Quality of Life in Parents and Caregivers of Pediatric Surgical Patients with Rare Congenital Malformations—A Scoping Review
Authors: Witt Stefanie , Blömeke Janika , Bullinger Monika , Dingemann Jens , Quitmann Julia
Published: May 2020

Introduction The diagnosis of a rare congenital malformation with necessary surgical treatment is an emotionally stressful event in a parent's life and may impact parental health-related quality of life (HrQoL). We aimed to review the literature on HrQoL in parents and caregivers of pediatric surgical patients with rare congenital malformations and summarize the results.

Materials and Methods For this scoping review, a literature search in PubMed was conducted from inception to November 21, 2019. Inclusion and exclusion criteria to select articles were defined a priori.

Results Four articles (published 2014–2018) describing HrQoL in parents of pediatric surgical patients with rare congenital malformations in comparison to population-based references or healthy control groups were identified. Only European studies were found, and sample sizes varied between 15 and 87 participants. Results for parental HrQoL yielded inconsistencies.

Conclusion So far, only a few studies with small sample sizes focus on parental HrQoL in pediatric surgical patients with rare congenital malformations. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the impact of a rare congenital malformation on HrQoL of all family members, it is necessary to consider three main aspects: (1) to use both generic- and disease-specific instruments measuring HrQoL of the young patient as well as his/her parents and siblings in larger sample sizes, (2) to collect longitudinal data, and (3) to consider a mixed-method approach.
Health-Related Quality of Life Assessment in Children and their Families: Aspects of Importance to the Pediatric Surgeon
Authors: Bloemeke Janika , Witt Stefanie , Bullinger Monika , Dingemann Jens , Dellenmark-Blom Michaela , Quitmann Julia
Published: May 2020

With the growing amount of chronic and rare diseases in childhood that often require lifelong treatment, improvement of health-related quality of life is a major goal in therapy. Therefore, the assessment of health-related quality of life from the patient's perspective as a relevant outcome parameter in clinical practice gained increased recognition. Health-related quality of life measures are still rarely applied in the pediatric practice context, although progress has been made in the development of instruments that are now ready for implementation. Inclusion of measures in research and practice is needed to accumulate and critically appraise knowledge about health-related quality of life to broaden the understanding of the child's health status, impacting on the whole family. From the perspective of a pediatric surgeon, knowledge about health-related quality of life of the children and their parents is important since it might influence treatment decisions and facilitates patient-physician communication. This article will review the concept of health-related quality of life, its methodological challenges and the application, and the challenges of health-related quality of life instruments in pediatric practice and health services research.
Outcomes after Vena Cava Filter Use in Patients with Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism and Contraindications to Anticoagulation
Authors: Quezada Andrés , Muriel Alfonso , Jiménez David , Bikdeli Behnood , Aramberri Mario , López-Jiménez Luciano , Sahuquillo Joan Carles , Otero Remedios , Porfidia Angelo , Monreal Manuel ,   the RIETE Investigators
Published: May 2020

Background The association between the use of inferior vena cava filters (IVCFs) and outcomes among patients with cancer-associated thromboembolism (CT) and contraindications to anticoagulation remains unclear.

Methods In this prospective cohort study of patients with CT from the Registro Informatizado de la Enfermedad TromboEmbólica Registry, we assessed the association between IVCF insertion due to contraindication to anticoagulation and the outcomes of all-cause mortality, pulmonary embolism (PE)-related mortality, recurrent thromboembolism, and major bleeding rates through 30 days after initiation of treatment. We used propensity score matching to adjust for the likelihood of receiving a filter. For outcomes assessment, we implemented generalized estimating equation methods to incorporate the matched-pairs design, and adjusted for covariates that remained unbalanced after matching.

Results Of the 17,005 patients with CT, 270 underwent IVCF placement because of contraindication to anticoagulation. Of those, 247 were successfully matched with 247 patients treated without a filter. Propensity score-matched pairs showed a nonsignificantly lower risk of all-cause death (12.2% vs. 17.0%; p = 0.13), and a significantly lower risk of PE-related mortality (0.8% vs. 4.0%; p = 0.04) for patients receiving IVCFs compared with those who did not. While there was no significant difference in the rate of major bleeding (6.1% vs. 5.7%; p = 0.85), risk-adjusted recurrent rates were higher for patients who received IVCFs compared with those who did not (7.3% vs. 3.2%; p = 0.05).

Conclusion In patients with CT and a contraindication to anticoagulation, IVCF insertion was associated with a lower risk of PE-related death, and a higher risk of recurrences.
Nonlinear depolarization of light in optical communication fiber
Authors: Moeller Lothar
Published: May 2020

We report the experimental observation of a novel transmission phenomenon in optical long-haul communication systems. Unpolarized ASE depolarizes via nonlinear fiber interactions a cw laser light during their copropagation which leads to small but measurable ultrafast polarization state fluctuations at the fiber output. We provide a phenomenological approach and a theory that qualitatively corroborates our experimental results. One of our major findings suggests that the applicability of the often used Manakov equation needs to be scrutinized for highly accurate studies of nonlinear polarization state evolutions in noisy environments. The described phenomenon leads to a qualitatively different microscopic understanding of nonlinear light propagation in fiber and can contribute toward an explanation for today’s commonly perceived gap between simulated and experimentally obtained system performance in optical data transmission.
Full Stokes single photon compressive polarization imaging
Authors: Yang Yibing , Yan Qiurong , Tao Ling , Wang Yifan , Li Dan , Wang Yuhao
Published: May 2020

We demonstrate a full Stokes polarization imaging system based on compressed sampling and single photon counting. The control and synchronization counting module based on field-programmable gate array is specially developed to control the rotation stage for polarization imaging at different directions. Additionally, it can load the binary random matrix into a digital micro-mirror device controller for each measurement and count the single photon pulse output from the photon counting photomultiplier tube simultaneously. The system can realize high-sensitivity single photon compressive imaging of the target under different polarization directions. On this basis, the high-quality Stokes parameter images and the angle of the linear polarization image can be obtained. The experimental results show that the polarization information can be reconstructed at a very low sampling ratio.