bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Power Grid Vulnerability Based on Electrical Dissection Method
Authors: Huang Da Wei , He Ran
Published: October 2013

As the power grid blackout accidents occur frequently, the vulnerability analysis becomes an important topic in power system analysis. A new electrical dissection method for the power grid vulnerability assessment is presented in this paper. The method can effectively reflect the power transmission between generator and load on the terminal of each line, and quantify the using relationship with the branch transmission power limit. An IEEE 39-bus text system was used to testify this method and the results indicated the methods efficiency and rationality. This paper is supported by NSFC 51307019.
Compressed Air Energy Storage System Exergy Analysis and its Combined Operation with Nuclear Power Plants
Authors: Li Jin , Li Chu Fu , Zhang Yan Xia , Yue Hui Guo
Published: October 2013

Nuclear plants are facing more and more peaking pressure, and combined operation with compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems is an effective approach to improve its peaking capacity. This work first simulates and conducts the exergy analysis for the CAES system. The results show that exergy efficiency of the CAES system is about 51.7%, as well as the exergy loss are primary in the fuel combustion and compressed air cooling processes, accounted for 25.4% and 11.3% of total exergy, respectively. Subsequently, three combined operation modes between CAES system and nuclear power plants for power grid peaking are investigated, which shows that three section tracking mode and incomplete tracking mode can achieve the balance between peaking effects and peaking cost.
Energy Saving Analysis on Solar Capillary Radiation Heating System
Authors: Wu Jin Shun , Pan Song , Wei Jun , Liu Hong Wei , Wei Yi Xuan , Zhao Ju Bao , Zhang Hui , Wang Bing Xue
Published: October 2013

Radiation capillary used as air conditioning terminal lower the demand of heating water temperature. In additional, solar collectors could also supply amount of low grade energy for heating. Meanwhile, solar is a kind of renewable, sustainable and environment friendly energy. It will save a massive of conventional energy if make full use of solar for heating. In this paper, an experimental system made of solar collector, capillary network and pump was built up and tested. According to thermal load of experimental room, both solar collector area and capillary network area are calculated, and circulating water temperature was analyzed in detail. A summary is given about characteristics of heat storage and release of solar collector, indoor air temperature varying and amount of energy saving. The key factors affect efficiency of collector includes water volume, water temperature in tanker and indoor air temperature. The results show that the solar system can well meet the heating demand and the effect of energy saving is very significant compared to common heating system.
Research on the Initial Operating Performance of Ground Heat Exchangers
Authors: Huang Xue Ting , Guan Yan Ling , Jiang Chao
Published: October 2013

Focus on the unfavorable effects of initial operation to the performance of ground heat exchangers, a three-dimensional CFD simulation of full-scale ground heat exchanger under dynamic load was established to investigate the heat transfer performance of a 120-meter vertical U-Tube ground heat exchanger under different initial operating time. The results show that initial operation has influence on the performance of ground heat exchangers.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Electrochemical Property of New Ferrocenyl Schiffbase
Authors: Lin Yan , Cui Han Feng , Fan Hao
Published: October 2013

s: A novel Schiff-base compound based on ferrocene I has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction. Electrochemical measurements exhibit that this new ferrocenyl schiffbase undergoes a reversible one-electron redox process.
Study on the LiFePO4 Doped with MWCNTs by Ball Milling
Authors: Zeng Zhi Feng , Hu Xi Duo
Published: October 2013

The fine cathode material of LiFePO4/MWCNTs composite was synthesized by ball milling. XRD demonstrated that the particle size of material was smaller when it was milled more time. And SEM showed that the MWCNTs was decentralized into the grains of LiFePO4. The electrochemical performance of the composite electrodes milled 12h exhibited best electrochemical performance. The electroconductibility of this composite was larger than the others. The specific capacity of it was 132.8mAh/g. So appropriate milling can promote the performance of LiFePO4/MWCNTs composite.
The Energy Storage Performance of the Graphene Oxide/Polyaniline Composite
Authors: Qi Ping Ping , Ruan Yan Li , Wang Kun , Wang Zhe
Published: October 2013

Graphene oxide (GO)/polyaniline (PANI) composite are synthesized via in situ polymerization in the presence of grapheme oxide under acid conditions. The GO/PANI was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electrochemical testing. The cathodes prepared using PANI and GO/PANI delivered initial discharge capacities of 78mAh/g and 104.4mAh/g ,respectively stable reversible capacities of 58.5mAh/g and 103.7mAh/g after 50 chargedischarge cycles. The GO enhances the discharge capacity of the PANI electrode material. GO/PANI is a good candidate as electrode material in lithium ion batteries
Study on the Mechanical Characteristics of Ionic Polymer Actuators
Authors: Wang Xuan Lun , Li You Bing , Oh Il Kwon
Published: October 2013

Sulfonated endcapped poly (arylenethioethersulfone) copolymer (SPTES) was synthesized through direct copolymerization of sulfonated monomers and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was crosslinked with SPTES by the dehydration method. The mechanical characteristics of polymer actuators are investigated. Nafion actuators as a comparison were also investigated. The normalized tip displacements were calculated for both PVA/SPTES actuators and Nafion actuators in order to delete the dimensions influence on the bending behaviours. The bending performances were tested under AC excitations with different frequencies. The results showed that the normalized tip displacement decreased with both the width and length of the IPMC strips. That is due to the increase of the monment inetia of the IPMC strips with the increment of the width or the length increment will lead to the larger resistance force from ambient water along with the increase of the area of IPMC strips. PVA/SPTES actuators showed comparable bending performances compared with its Nafion counterparts based on the study of mechanical properties.
Investigation on the Influencing Factors of Sintering Characteristics of Huolinhe (HLH) Lignite Ashes
Authors: Li Feng Hai , Li Zhen Zhu , Huang Jie Jie , Fang Yi Tian
Published: October 2013

The sintering temperature of coal ashes plays a great important role in the design and operation of fluidized-bed gasifier. The sintering temperatures (Ts) of Huolinhe lignite (HLH) ashes under different atmospheres and pressures were tested by self-made pressure-difference measuring system. The results show that the Ts under reducing atmosphere (H2, CO or the mixture of 50% CO and H2,volume ratio) are lower than those of under oxidizing atmosphere (O2, CO2, N2). The Ts of HLH ashes decrease with the pressure increase, it changes slightly under low pressure, and decrease clearly under 0.7~1.0 MPa, after that, decrease slightly again with the pressure increase further.
A Review on the Metal Hydride Based Hydrogen Purification and Separation Technology
Authors: Chen Xu Yang , Wei Ling Xiao , Deng Lan , Yang Fu Sheng , Zhang Zao Xiao
Published: October 2013

With the expansion of application fields of the high purity hydrogen (hydrogen content>99.9999%), its preparation methods, in particular recovery from multi-component mixture,have attracted wide attentions. This paper describes the principle of hydrogen separation and purification process based on metal hydride, and some key issues involved in it, such as the alternatives of raw gas, the processing of hydride materials, the design of metal hydride reactor are discussed according to the literature reports. Finally, the current problems encountered in hydride based gas separation are presented, and future trends are also predicted.
Facile Electrospinning Preparation of Y3Al5O12 Nanobelts
Authors: Bi Fei , Dong Xiang Ting , Wang Jin Xian , Liu Gui Xia , Yu Wen Sheng
Published: October 2013

PVP/[Y(NO3)3+Al (NO3)3] composite nanobelts were fabricated via electrospinning combined with sol-gel process and novel structure of Y3Al5O12(denoted as YAG for short) nanobelts have been obtained after calcination of the relevant composite nanobelts. The structural properties were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD analysis indicated that the composite nanobelts were amorphous, and YAG nanobelts were cubic in structure with space group Ia3d. FTIR analysis manifested that pure YAG nanobelts were formed at 900oC. SEM analysis and histograms revealed that the width of the composite nanobelts and YAG nanobelts were 3.5 μm and 2.4 μm, and the thickness were 240 nm and 112 nm, respectively, under the 95% confidence level. The formation mechanism of YAG nanobelts was discussed in detail.
Coupling Experiment of Compact Integrated Fuel Processors with 75kW PEM Fuel Cells
Authors: Du Li Ming
Published: October 2013

A compact autothermal reformer suitable for liquid fuel for instance methanol et al. was developed. The fuel reformer was combined with polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEM FC) and a system test of the process chain was successfully performed. The fuel processor consists of a fuel evaporating step, two-stage reformer and a two-stage reactor of water gas shift (WGS, one for high temperature water gas shift and the other for low temperature water gas shifter) and a four-stage preferential oxidation (PROX) reactor and some internal heat exchanger in order to achieve optimized heat integration. The fuel processor is designed to provide enough hydrogen for 75kWel fuel cells. After the initial step of methanol ATR, CO WGS and CO PROX steps are used for 'clean-up' CO. The exhaust gas from FC anode feedback to the fuel processor to vaporizes the feedstock of methanol and water by a catalytic combusting-evaporator. The hydrogen source system can produce hydrogen 70.5 m3/hr and its specific gravity power and specific volume power reach 255W/kg and 450W/L respectively. During three hours coupling experiment, the fuel processing system and the fuel cells all has been running smoothly. The volume concentration of H2 and CO in product gas (dry basis) was kept in 53% and 20ppm respectively, completely meeting the requirements of PEM fuel cells. The conversion efficiency of the hydrogen producing system based on LHV of fuel and hydrogen can exceed 95.85%. The fuel cells stacks put up strong resistance to CO and its maximum electronic load to the fuel cells reaches 75.5kW. It indicates that it is feasible technically for supplying hydrogen for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells by catalytic reforming of hydrogen-rich liquid fuel on-board or on-site.
Study of Basic Characteristics of Hydrogen Generator
Authors: Fiala Jozef , Kuracina Marcel , Hrušovský Ivan , Soldan Maros
Published: October 2013

HHO technology appeared in USA in 1950s but only in last years it became more interesting due to rising of fossil fuels price. In a device called HHO generator, hydrogen and oxygen are produced onboard on vehicle by electrolysis of water solution of NaOH or KOH. This mixture of gases is known as a HHO gas and it is used as an additive to gasoline in conventional internal combustion engines. Construction of a HHO generator is relatively simply process with small money requirements. All measurements were realized with 10% KOH solution because this electrolyte at this concentration is considered as the best available one. KOH solution excels in chemical stability and efficiency of HHO gas production. For comparison, the 10% NaOH solution was prepared because of low price and good availability of NaOH and all measurements were repeated and results were compared.
Optimal Design of a Solar Car Electrical System
Authors: Sun Guan , Zhang You Tong , Yang Chun Hui , Jian Yao Jia
Published: October 2013

This paper introduces the optimal electrical system design for a solar car, which complies with the regulations of World Solar Challenge 2013. The optimal design principles of high efficiency, light weight and high reliability were proposed. The solar energy collection system, energy storage system, drive system and electronic control system were all designed under the guidance of the principles. The structure and working principle of the solar car electrical system are also introduced. The experimental results show that the design goals have been achieved, and the performance of the system has also been verified.
A Study of the Enhancement in Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer by Surface Polaritons
Authors: Zhang Xiao Jing , Liu Bing Qi , Xu Xiao Jie , Wu Xi , Yuan Rui Ming
Published: October 2013

The influence of surface polaritons on spectral energy flux at different temperatures or distances to the surface of a plate was analyzed. The relations of the net heat flux between two parallel plates with the material type were also discussed. The results demonstrate that the effect of surface polaritons is dominated in the spectral energy flux at 300 K when the distance is decreased to 100 nm. In addition, the intensity of surface polaritons increases with the temperature. The net heat flux between two parallel plates has a nearly linear relation with the temperature and is closely related to the material type. It reaches up to 2.792×107 W/m2 between two SiC plates, approximately 3~6 orders of magnitude larger than that between two different materials. However, the net heat flux between SiC and Al is merely 2329.7 W/m2, even smaller than the result calculated by the classical stefan-boltzman law between two blackbodies.
Improvement Research on Furnace Flue Tube of Three Medium Dryer System Used by Fan Mills
Authors: Qu Zhen Yao , Wang Qiang
Published: October 2013

Pulverizing system equipped by fan mills uses three medium (ie. low-temperature furnace smoke, high-temperature furnace smoke, hot air) for drying coal, especially in large-scale plants burning lignite. A constantly increasing unit capacity leads to a more complicated design for pulverizing system, with a heavier weight of furnace smoke tube. This paper focuses on a research of water-cooled membrane flue tube instead of traditional inner and outer insulation tube through experiments like changing water side parameters to replace the low-temperature flue pipe from three medium to two medium (ie. adjustable-temperature furnace smoke, hot air). This paper studies heat transfer coefficient of water-cooled furnace smoke pipe at different flow rate and flue gas temperature though a established water-cooled furnace smoke pipe test bed. It is using a certain mathematic method to obtain dimensionless relationship among Nu, Re, Pr and obtain the dimensionless rule equation of water-cooled furnace smoke tube.
Research Based on the Variable Deformation Resistance Model of Reduction Regulation Design
Authors: Chen Yong Li , Zhou Xue Jiao , Hu Xiang Bing , Chen Li Qing
Published: October 2013

In order to solve the problems of rapid rolling schedule optimization design, a combined method of experience and theory were presented in this paper for rapid regulation design . This study adopted the methods of mathematics link for excel as interface development plug-in interface , excel as a model parameter setting and mathematics as the underlying model calculation and optimization software. The new rolling parameters optimization design is obtain , using the experience of rolling method and the variable rolling force model. The design method of calculation results are accurate, rapid rolling parameters setting, model the characteristics of the freedom of choice
Riser Pipe Pressure Pulsation Standard Deviation Fast Forecast Spouted Bed Granular Poly Group
Authors: Zhou Yun Long , Yang Ning
Published: October 2013

At the different elevation of the spouted bed riser pipe layout pressure measuring point, each point below is equipped with purge air, avoid the granular poly group on the pressure measuring point, by adjusting the frequency of the bandpass filter, guarantee the accuracy of pressure measurement. Through experimental study, under the low superficial air velocity, riser pipe pressure pulsation standard deviation has a linear relationship with the superficial air velocity and obey the chi-square distribution, based on the above found , rising pipe pressure pulsation standard deviation forecast the incidence of granular poly group is proposed in this paper. By comparing rising pipe pressure pulsation standard deviation forecast method with conventional average pressure drop forecast method found, rising pipe pressure pulsation standard deviation has higher superficial air velocity recognition rate and less response time when the granular poly group,achieves the spouted bed fast forecast the granular poly group phenomenon.
Synergistic Degradation of Acid Scarlet Dyeing Wastewater by the Ultrasound/Fenton Method
Authors: Liu Tong , He Feng Wei , Zhang Ya Qin
Published: October 2013

Degradation of simulated acid scarlet (GR) wastewater by ultrasonic technology , Fenton reagentoxidation , and a combination of the two processes was studied. It was found that extent of degradation by ultrasonic technology or Fenton reagent oxidation alone was poor , with values of 4 % and 40 % respectively. The extent of degradation was significantly enhanced when the two processes were combined , with a value of up to 90 % , which shows that these two processes have a good synergistic effect and can shorten the reaction time.Also discussed the initial concentration, initial pH, Fe2+ and H2O2 dosage and other factors on the degradation of acid scarlet. The results show that the degradation rate of pH significant effect on the low pH is conducive to degradation. Degradation rate with the dosage of H2O2 and FeSO4 temperature increased, but when acid scarlet with H2O2 and Fe2+ the mass ratio of 100:15:41, the degradation rate reached 96.6%.
Numerical Simulation of a Bending-Torsion Coupling Gear Transmission System
Authors: Li Chao Feng , Zhou Shi Hua , Liu Jie
Published: October 2013

Based on the establishment of angular contact ball bearing mechanical model, a nonlinear coupled lateral, torsional and axial dynamic model of helical gear-rotor-bearing system is established, and the dynamic differential equations of the coupled lateral-torsional-axial nonlinear vibration are deduced for imbalance rotors. The investigations are systematically carried out by oscillograms and spectrograms with rotating speed, taking into account eccentricity and nonlinear supporting by rolling bearing. The results show that the rotation frequency of the driven shaft appears in the driving shaft. In addition, the rotation frequencies and meshing frequency appear obviously in torsional direction. It can be seen that the lateral, torsional and axial response characteristics of driving and driven shafts obvious differences are due to the effects of the gear assembly characteristic, gear geometry parameters and the angular contact ball bearings characteristics. As a result, not only appear the rotational frequency and stiffness frequency, but also yield the bearing variable stiffness frequency and conbined frequency in lateral directions. However, the theory of the helical gear-rotor-bearing system still needs further research.
On the Microstructure of Different Types of Particles in PM10 in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan City Group Agglomeration Atmosphere
Authors: Cen Shi Hong , Song Xiao Yan , Shao Long Yi , Yan Bing , Wu Yan Li , Zhang Jing Kai
Published: October 2013

This paper analyses the microstructure of different types of particles in PM10in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan urban agglomeration atmosphere in spring and summer by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), in which the distribution characteristics of the size and number of the different types of particles in PM10are specifically analyzed by using image analysis software. The research result shows that the types of particles in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan urban agglomeration atmosphere are unknown particles, soot aggregates, mineral particles and spherical particles. According to the proportion of the three partials in the atmosphere, the three cities ranks as follows: in the aspect of unknown particles, Tianjin ranks first, which is followed by Tangshan and Beijing; in the aspect of soot aggregates, Tangshan ranks first ,which is followed by Beijing and Tianjin; in the aspect of mineral particles, Beijing ranks first ,which is followed by Tangshan and Tianjin; in the aspect of spherical particles, Beijing ranks first ,which is followed by Tangshan and Tianjin;
Oscillation Mechanism Analysis and Numerical Simulation for Tandem Self-Excited Oscillation Pulsed Jet Nozzle
Authors: Li Qin , Sha Wei , Li Fu Bao , Xiao Shu Yi
Published: October 2013

Self-excited oscillation pulsed jet is the new jet which is superior to the traditional continuous jet. In view of the insufficiency of the widely used organ pipe and Helmholtz resonator at present, firstly, with the actual needs of production as the background, a tandem Self-excited oscillation pulsed jet nozzles is presented in this paper. Then on the basis of previous studies, some new ideas are put forward after the cavity Self-excited oscillation mechanism is analyzed theoretically. Finally, numerical simulation of the nozzle flow field is carried out using FLUENT, then ideal pressure distribution contours and the streamline of the flow field are got, verifying the analysis of the oscillation mechanism.
Cooling System Design of Ion Nitriding and PCVD Composite Treatment Furnace
Authors: Zuo Z.J. , Bi Si , Fu L.R. , Weng Z.Q. , Peng S.H.
Published: October 2013

Keywords: ion nitriding furnace cooling system vacuum system

Abstract. About fuction of vacuum plasma nitriding furnace cooling system, and its design and calculation of main parts, in particular control of water consumption. The cooling water system have been set into the water flowing through the four heat shield, and gradually take the heat, then the coolant out by outlet pipe. Cooling water flows through layers of insulation to varying degrees of cooling, to ensure that each level of temperature, precise calculation of water flow can only be guaranteed to ensure the maximum water savings and cooling the furnace down. This article provide the basis for vacuum furnace cooling system design in the future.
GIS-Based Meteorological Information System for Aquaculture
Authors: Xu Bing , Zhang Yan
Published: October 2013

Under the influence of the global climate change and the increasingly intensified major meteorological disasters in recent years, aquaculture has a stronger demand for meteorological information service. Various meteorological disasters (typhoon, storm, flood, low temperature, etc.) will change the environment of water aquaculture and cause great economic losses to aquaculture. With aquaculture in Zhanjiang of China as the research subject, a meteorological information system has been designed to serve aquaculture. The B/S-based three-layer structure was chosen based on the MS.NET development platform. SQLServer2005 was chosen as the database server and SuperMap IS.NET as the map server. By the use of GIS spatial analysis and thematic map, this system developed the functions of disastrous weather forecast, warning and management and realizes the statistics and analysis of different meteorological disasters. The system provides the users with the personalized suggestions on disaster prevention and mitigation. At present, this system has been put into use. The results show that it can provide the convenient and effective meteorological information service for the users.
Optimization of Logistics Distribution Route Based on the Save Mileage Method and the Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Fan Qing , Nie Xing Xin , Yu Ke , Zuo Xi Lin
Published: October 2013

This paper established the mathematical model of Logistics distribution routing problem,and departed the multiple vehicle routing problem into a single vehicle distribution problem with the save mileage method ,then the ant colony algorithm were used to optimize the single vehicle distribution problem. Finally through a case shows that the model for the practical application of logistics distribution has certain reference significance.
Phase Algorithm Integrating Direct-Correlation and Four-Step Phase-Shifting for Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry
Authors: He Yan Bin , Li Xin Zhong , Zhou Min
Published: October 2013

A phase-shifting algorithm, called a (4,4) algorithm, which takes four phase-shifting interferograms before a specimen is deformed and four interferograms after a specimen is deformed, is presented first. This method is most widely used for phase extraction. Its drawback limited it to be used in dynamic measurements. Also shown is an algorithm called a (4,1) algorithm that takes four phase-shifting interferograms before a specimen is deformed and one interferogram after a specimen is deformed. Because a high-speed camera can be used to record the dynamic interferogram of the specimen, this algorithm has the potential to retain the phase-shifting capability for ESPI in dynamic measurements. The quality of the phase map obtained using (4,1) algorithm is quite lower compared to using (4,4) algorithm. In order to obtain high-quality phase map in dynamic measurements, a direct-correlation algorithm was integrated with the (4,1) algorithm to form DC-(4,1) algorithm which is shown to improve significantly the quality of the phase maps. The theoretical and experimental aspects of this newly developed technique, which can extend ESPI to areas such as high-speed dynamic measurements, are examined in detail.
Geological Conditions of Shale Gas of the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation - Lower Silurian Gaojiabian Formation in Lower Yangtze Area
Authors: Yang Shuai Shuai , Jiang Wei , Cai Fei , Hu Jian Dong , Li Jiang
Published: October 2013

According to the outcrop, well data, geochemical and reservoir property in lower Yangtze area. This paper analyses the sedimentary environment, thickness, distribution, buried depth, organic matter content and types, maturity and reservoir characteristics of shale in WufengGaojiabian Formation of Upper Ordovician to Lower Silurian. The shale is formed in shelf sedimentary environments with large thickness and moderate depth. WufengGaojiabian Formation contains 0.5% to 1.0% of organic carbon, consistent with typeIandII kerogen. The Ro in rang of 1.5%~2.5%, indication high mature to over mature stage for gas generation. It has high brittleness of mineral content in this set of shale with rich micro-fracture. The thickness of shale, buried depth, organic carbon and maturity shows that GaoyouHaianJurong of Northern Jiangsu, JingxianNingguo of Southern Anhui, Linan of Western Zhejiang areas are considered favorable zones for shale gas formation.
Low Rank Coalbed Gas Preservation Conditions of Inversion Study
Authors: Huo Feng Long , Xu Cheng Wu
Published: October 2013

The preservation conditions of coalbed gas reservoir are one of the most important affecting factors. Coal seam roof and floor of coalbed methane is the most direct emission barrier. That is the direct control of coal seam gas accumulation factor. A coal seam roof lithology prediction method at present more popular is the wave impedance inversion. But the results have multiple solutions. While the technology of stratmagic seismic can be a very good solution to the traditional seismic attributes application problems. It can provide precise results for coal seam roof lithology prediction, providing geological basis for evaluation and development of coal bed gas.
Study on Vibroseis Data Preprocessing Method of Metal Mining Seismic Exploration
Authors: Wang Jun Qiu , Lin Jun , Gong Xiang Bo , Zeng Ran
Published: October 2013

In order to improve the resolution of seismic exploration, this paper mainly studied the vibroseis data preprocessing method of metal mining seismic exploration. With the characteristics of vibroseis seismic data, we studied the correlation algorithm of detecting shot gather records, system analyzed the source and classification of noise in copper-nickel detection with Hydraulic sweep source in Jinchang, and chose the denoising method according to the characteristics of noise in the shot gather records. After preprocessing, the SNR of vibroseis seismic data is effectively improved, and then the resolution of seismic section is enhanced.
Study of the Fermentation Conditions for 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Production by Rhodopseudomonas palustris
Authors: Xiao Yi Nong , Gao Zi Qing , Xu Qiong , Wang Yue , Wei Na
Published: October 2013

Culture conditions for Rhodopseudomonas palustris RB to produce 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) was investigated. As results, the best culture conditions for accumulation ALA were 10 % inoculating concentration, light intensity 3000 Lux and its pH value was 7.0. The production of ALA can be improved by useful of resisting the activity of ALA dehydratase in the biosynthetic pathway. And the experimental results showed that Gly was the key precursor substance for ALA. Under the optimal conditions, the production of ALA by this strain was as high as 9.0 mg/L when 45 mM LA and 60 mM were implanted, which was 2 times higher than the control.
Analysis on Theoretical Defects of Water Inrush Coefficient in Coal Mining under Safe Water Pressure
Authors: Tian Gan
Published: October 2013

Based on the analysis and research on the improvement of water inrush coefficient in deep coal mining under safe water pressure, the author pointed out that water inrush coefficient exits some major theoretical defects in calculation and application at present. The paper stated the choice of equations, choosing parameters and some issues in water inrush coefficient. It was pointed out that critical values are the key for the new equation of water inrush coefficient to be popularized and applied.
The Impacts of Environmental Characteristics to Groundwater Quality and Influencing Toxicity in Seashore Area
Authors: Lin Yu Hao , Huang Winn Jung , Chen Wei Yea , Chen Ho Wen
Published: October 2013

Groundwater is an important substitute water source in seashore zone of Taiwan owing to its accessibility and stability. However, the potential toxicity derived from inorganic metal, organic contaminant leaking from industrial area, soil salinity and disinfection by-products (DBPs) has attracted governors attention to the health risk in groundwater usage. To figure out the impacts of environmental factors to the patterns of pollutant as well as to bio-toxicity in groundwater, Redundancy analysis (RDA) technology is utilized to assess their causalities in this study. Results pointed out that inorganic arsenite concentration is highly related to biological toxicity. The main species of HAAs is bromodichloroacetic acids and dichloroacetic acids, they was dominated by bromide (Br-) concentration and humic substances, respectively. The existence of bromide in groundwater is resulted from soil salinity due to seawater incursion. For water safety, the removal of HAAs and arsenite are necessary, and effective limit of HAAs generation should devote to limit the increase of Br- and humic substances. Thus, RDA was demonstrated a useful tool to investigate the causal relationship among the environment variables, pollution and toxicity in environmental studies.
Development and Experimental Research on a Formula of Water Inrush Coefficient
Authors: Tian Gan
Published: October 2013

Based on analysis of water inrush coefficients developed and applied in deep coal mining with high water pressure, the author proposes that there are some defects of water inrush coefficients in calculation and application. By simulation experiments on the water resistance properties of the aquiclude in a coal seam floor, the author arrived at the distribution and digital characteristics of residual pressure in the course of high-pressure water rising in the water-resisting floor. The formula for a water inrush coefficient has been further revised.
A New Method to Evaluate the Suitability of Ignitor Strength Used in the Tests of Dust Explosions
Authors: Yuan Jing Jie , Huang Wei Xing , Du Bing , Kuai Nian Sheng , Tan Jing Yi
Published: October 2013

Based on systematic experiments in the 20-L Siwek sphere, the explosion behaviors of bituminous coal dust were investigated by changing the strength of pyrotechnic ignitor. The effect on the maximum explosion pressure (Pex) and maximum rate of pressure rise ((dp/dt)ex) of the ignitor strength is analyzed. Due to the under-or over-driven phenomena, the overly low or high ignitor strength may result in unrealisticPexand (dp/dt)ex, especially for lower dust concentration. To evaluate the suitability of ignitor strength, the time scales (i.e. the effective action time,teff, and the induction time,ti,) of the ignitor combustion and flame kernel development are introduced by analyzing the ignition process of dust cloud. It can be found that theteffsignificantly heightens and thetigradually decreases with the rise of ignitor strength. Moreover, when theteffis much lower than theti, the under-driven phenomenon will occur, which leads to the underestimatedPexand (dp/dt)ex. Conversely, when theteffis much higher than theti, the explosion tests may be over-driven to cause the overestimatedPexand (dp/dt)ex. For ideal ignitor strength, theteffwould be comparable to theti. Based on these facts, the under-and over-driven phenomena can be effectively verified by comparing theteffand theti. As a result, when the dimensionless time ratioteff/tiis 0.52 or 1.42, the explosion tests in the 20-L sphere would be, respectively, under-driven or over-driven. To obtain the realistic test results in the 20-L sphere, it is suggested that theteff/tivalue should be in the range of 0.8~1.2 as much as possible.
Micro Circular Tube Flow Mathematical Model with the Effect of Van der Waals Force
Authors: Wang Xiao Feng , Zhu Wei Yao , Deng Qing Jun , Zhang Xue Ling , Lou Yu , Gao Ying
Published: October 2013

Darcy's law is found be not applicable to fluid flow in small pore throat, and the mechanism for the nonlinear flow is still unclear to date. The paper analyzed the influence of various types of micro forces in porous media on fluid flow, based on the existing experimental results and theoretical knowledge of micro-scale flow. Mathematical model for flow in small tube was established with the consideration of Van der Waals force between solid and liquid. By simulating velocity distribution and the average flow under the Poiseuille flow, we get that with the decrease of the micro tube size, the Van der Waals force between solid and liquid increases and the effect on flow pattern of fluid in the tube increases, so that the Van der Waals force between solid and liquid in the tiny pore flow should not be ignored.
Heavy-Oil Anaerobic Degradation and Methanogenic Characterization
Authors: Gu Gui Zhou , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Mao Dong , Zhao Dong Feng
Published: October 2013

Heavy oil Anaerobic degradation by microbial had important theoretical significance and application value of reservoir residual oil biological gasification. The microbial consortium SLY-1 which was enriched from heavy oil reservoir in Shengli oilfield had been cultured at 55°C. DGGE showed that there were two isolated strains which were Anaeromyxobacter sp. and Anaerobaculum sp. respectively and three uncultured bacteria included in SLY-1. After 380d’s culture, SLY-1 had been produced 1006 μmol of methane accounting for 95.2% and 4.8% of other gases (butane, pentane, 2,2-two methyl butane hydrocarbon, 2-cyclopentane etc.). The rate of heavy oil degradation by microbial consortium SLY-1 reached 30.6%. The high viscous microbial consortium could lay the foundation for the residual low-grade heavy oil gasification.
Discussion on Innovative Development Policies for Underdevelopment Regions from the Perspective of Regional Innovative Economy
Authors: Huang Bin , Zhang Tong
Published: October 2013

This paper discusses the role of government and policy innovation in the innovative development of underdeveloped regions from the perspective of regional innovation, in an aim to provide policy suggestions on governmental policy innovation and development direction for innovative economic development in underdeveloped regions.
An Evaluation Research on Tianjin Marine Economy Sustainable Development via PCA and DEA
Authors: Yuan Qing Min , Qiu Jing
Published: October 2013

According to the method of principal component analysis (PCA) with the data of Tianjin marine economy from 2000 to 2010, this paper established six comprehensive indices of input-output about complex sustainable development system. On this basis, the study used the data envelopment analysis (DEA model) and the adjustment of the variables in the model, to evaluate the overall level of Tianjin marine economy sustainable development. The conclusion is that marine economy of Tianjin city has the ability and the basis of sustainable development. The stress of marine economy sustainable development must rely on the optimization of input-output structure and increasing utilization ratio of resources and environment.
Day-to-Day Pairwise Departure-Time Swapping in Commuting Trips
Authors: Yang Qian , Guan Wei , Zhang Wen Yi , Zang Guang Zhi
Published: October 2013

This paper suggests a dynamic model to describe the day-to-day departure-time swapping behaviors in commuting trips. The model is formulated as a finite dimension discrete dynamic with the departure flows in different time intervals being the swapping and evolution variables. The new model can maintain solution invariance and its stationary departure flow pattern is equivalent to the departure user equilibrium. In the end, a simple numerical simulation is performed to characterize the present departure-time swapping dynamic model.
Routing Design Optimization of Bus Joint for Passenger Transfer Centers
Authors: Huang Long Chao , Guan Wei , Xiong Jie
Published: October 2013

Bus routing problem is the basic work of public transit planning and operation. This paper develops a solution for the optimal routing problem of bus connected with a passenger transfer center based on the research of vehicle routing problem (VRP), which is an important issue in the logistics distribution. The optimal routing solution is formulated as linking a series of bus stops in a certain order, aiming at minimizing the total cost, which includes user and supplier costs. To solve the problem, a weighting function is established to determine the weight of every link first and then an ant colony algorithm (ACO) is used to calculate the optimal solution. At last, a case study is presented based on the existing routes and stops served for the Huilongguan Community in Beijing, and the results shows that the set of routes obtained from the optimal solution costs less than the existing one.
Study on Dynamic Relationship between Economic Growth and Energy Consumption in Chongqing - Based on 1980-2011 Data
Authors: Wang Sheng , Dai Chun Yan , Wang En Chuang , Li Chun Yan
Published: October 2013

Analyzed the dynamic interaction characteristics of Chongqing Economic growth and energy consumption between 1980-2011 based on vector auto regression model, impulse response function. The results showed that: 1 Between the Chongqing's economic growth and energy consumption exist the positive long-term stable equilibrium relationship, Chongqing's economic development depending on energy consumption is too high, to keep the economy in Chongqing's rapid economic development, energy relatively insufficient supply sustainable development must rely on the energy market, which will restrict the development of Chongqing's economy. 2At this stage, Chongqing continuing emphasis on optimizing the industrial structure to improve energy efficiency at the same time, the key is to establish and improve the energy consumption intensity and total energy demand "dual control" under the security system, weakening the energy bottleneck effect on economic growth.
A Study on Willingness to Pay of Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cell Technologies
Authors: Chen Han Shen , Chen Chia Yon
Published: October 2013

The portable hydrogen fuel cells (PHFCs) are still on the preliminary stage as 3C application products, and the consumers acceptance of such new products and their external variables have yet to be clarified, therefore, this paper adopts the contingent valuation method (CVM) to discuss consumers purchasing intention and estimate the extra willing-to-pay price (WTP price) for PHFCs. Findings indicate that the purchasing intention can be influenced by lifestyles, demand motives, product features and information sources. In addition, the WTP premium of the consumers in whole samples is NT$915.17; the practical consumers - NT$710.81; the taste consumers - NT$1129.46 and the herding consumers - NT$906.25. The research findings are hoped to provide reference for the manufacturers in making strategies, to improve the market competitiveness and acceptability of the products and to achieve the goal of promoting green consumption and sustainable development.
Study on Lean Construction Method of Green Substation
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhang Yi Hu
Published: October 2013

The application of lean construction theory in building green substation was discussed. The study on integration of design-build indicated that the electric power design institute as the general contractor should change the mode of only setting up one secondary organization to manage the engineering, and should improve the management system and change the producing idea. The study on the combination of the last planner system and building the substation indicated that the measures of arranging the work and setting the workload reasonably and enhancing the supply of important resources etc. could increase the Percent Plan Complete of building the substation. At last, the 4-saving and 1-environmental protection measures of green construction of substation were brought out.
The Energy Consumption of Construction Industry in Shaanxi Province and Comparing to Eastern Coastal Provinces
Authors: Zhang Su Xian , Zhang Dan
Published: October 2013

Construction industry have done great contribution to the development of our economy. And the efficiency problem of energy consumption and energy conservation become prominent. The author makes a brief analysis on the overall development of construction industry in Shaanxi province and a comparative analysis on energy consumption flexibility, energy consumption intensity and energy consumption structure of Shaanxi province and 11 eastern coastal province or municipalities in a horizontal and longitudinal way. The author also put forward some efficient energy conservation measures to achieve the goal of energy conservation.
An Adaptability Evaluation on Surface Water-Source Heat Pumps in Guilin, China
Authors: Chen Zhao , Jiang Ya Ping
Published: October 2013

This paper evaluates the adaptability of the water-source heat pumps (WSHP) in urban Guilin. Volume data of all assessed water areas are obtained from decades-long observations by Guilin hydrological station and government reports. Judging from data from the same sources and fresh samples, water quality in assessed areas generally meets the requirement in Technical Code for Ground-Source Heat Pumps System (GB 50366-2009). According to continuous measurement of temperature change in separate years, water temperature is basically suitable for demands in Water-Source Heat Pumps (GB/T 19409-2003). By assuming the assessed water areas as flowing waters, the maximum instantaneous heat capacity of each water area in each month is calculated. By setting the energy per square meter of building area needs as standard values, the maximum serviceable building area each water area can offer in each month is calculated. This paper can serve as guidance in adaptability evaluation on WSHP projects in hydrological-alike environment.
Index System and Method of Evaluation to Sustainable Technology with Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation
Authors: Xu Zhi Jin , Song Yan Kui
Published: October 2013

It is of great strategic significance for an enterprise, a trade and even a country to evaluate sustainable technology scientifically and rationally. The essay thinks sustainable technology is compatible and symbiotic with the scientific & technological, economic, social, human and natural environment systems, and thus it reaps comprehensive benefits continuously of economy, society, ecology and others. After have analyzed and clarified the basic characteristics of sustainable technology, the essay constructs correspondingly a system of 19 evaluation indexes to sustainable technology, and proposes a comprehensive evaluation method of sustainable technology with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) which is scientific, rational, effective and widely applied. Through the multi-level and multi-operator models of FCE, the essay further analyzes the general method and procedure of comprehensive evaluation to sustainable technology with a practical example. Therefore, the essay solves preliminarily the urgent problem to evaluate sustainable technology in a scientific, rational, standardized and quantitative way.
Sustainable Development of Tourism Choice - Eco-Tourism
Authors: Gu Ming Chong , Liu Hong
Published: October 2013

Along with the development of society and economy, domestic tourism activities is rapidly increased, accompanied by increasing environmental problems brought by the tourism activities is becoming more and more brought to the attention of the people, if our country want to realize the sustainable development of tourism industry, we must replace the old development model to Eco-tourism to meet the needs of tourism and environment. Through qualitative analysis, this paper analyzed the characteristics of the Eco-tourism, and the classification of domestic ecological tourist resources to comb, and put forward some suggestions on developing Eco-tourism, hoping to provide a reference for the development of the domestic Eco-tourism.
Study on Sports Ecosystem Based on Sustainable Development
Authors: Liu Pei Hua , Chen Hong Nian
Published: October 2013

The ecological method and sports science were applied in expounding the formation of ecological environment and the establishment of ecology sense. In terms of sustainable development, the ecological problems caused by sports industries, construction of sports sites, large-scale sports events, sports travelling and golf playing were presented. The approaches and measures were imposed on the optimization of sports ecological environment including the promotion of related laws and regulations, the improvement of the enforcement and supervision of existing rules, which can lay theoretical foundation for sustainable development of sports ecology system.