bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Human Dimensions of Coastal Adaptation Strategies
Authors: McGuire Chad J.
Published: December 2020

Not only are humans responsible for the anthropogenic causes of currently observed climate change, but we are also responsible for our responses to climate change. How we choose to respond provides important insights into our ability to collectively act in the face of threats with the unique characteristics of climate change. This communication attempts to provide an overview of some the difficulties in forging new policy directions along our coastlines in an era of climate change. It is meant as a referential framing for the research presented in this special issue. As this communication is being written, the world is gripped by a global pandemic caused by a variant of the coronavirus. There are important corollaries between the underlying characteristics of the coronavirus and the causes and effects of climate change. Seeing how the global citizenry is responding to the current epidemic provides some insight into the difficulties in fostering collective action towards climate change. As with the pandemic, the issue is not really one of understanding the problem, but rather the varying human responses to the problem. We can expect the same difficulties as we continue to confront the ever-growing problem of climate change.
The Properties of Sediment Transport Mechanism in River Mouth of Rupat Strait
Authors: Mubarak Mubarak , Rifardi Rifardi , Nurhuda Ahmad , Sulaiman Albert
Published: December 2020

The Rupat Strait, a part of the Malacca Strait, is recognized as semi-closed waters and shows a high activity; thus, discovering the transport sediment mechanism of the strait as a consequence of ambient and anthropogenic forces is essential. Hydrodynamic and sediment transport modelling was constructed using the 2-Dimensional Explicit method which is averaged over depth. The results show that the dispersion of sediment at high tide is longer than that at low tide. This follows the hydrodynamic model in which current velocity at high tide is greater than the ocean current at the low tide. The previous sediment observation supports the results of transport sediment modelling, indicating that the anthropogenic factors are highly associated with the sedimentation in the Rupat strait
Cost-effectiveness of moderate-to-severe psoriasis biologic treatments in Brazilian private healthcare system: cost-per-responder results derived from a network metanalysis
Authors: Carvalho André Vicente , Duarte Gleison , Ianhez Mayra , Silva Bruno , Biella Carla , Santos Rafael
Published: December 2020

Objective: To assess the cost-per-responder (CpR) of biologic therapies available in Brazil to treat moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis (PsO) from the private healthcare system’s perspective. Methods: Number needed to treat (NNT) and (CpR) analyses were performed to evaluate biologic therapies’ cost-effectiveness for moderate-to-severe PsO available in Brazil. The effectiveness of biologic treatments for moderate-to-severe PsO was assessed based on a previously published metanalysis, which included studies considering PsO patients and outcomes of interest (PASI 75, 90, and 100). The clinical efficacy data in terms of estimated NNT based on the network metanalysis (NMA) results were combined with drug treatment costs to determine the CpR for each treatment arm in 3-time horizons: the primary response period, 1-year, and 2-years. Results: Risankizumab was the most cost-effective option when NMA base case scenario data was used to calculate NNT in all PASI response for both the primary response period and 1- and 2-years follow-up durations. Differences in CpR between risankizumab and other biologic drugs increased with more significant PASI improvements. CpR sensitivity analysis also confirmed these findings, indicating that risankizumab has a better performance for PASI 100, and both risankizumab and guselkumab are very similar in terms of cost per additional PASI 75 and PASI 90 responder. Conclusions: Risankizumab was estimated to have a lower cost per PASI 75, 90, and 100 responders in most simulated scenarios (primary response period [12-16 weeks], 1-year and 2-years), among the evaluated biologic therapies.
TEACHER’S FEEDBACK IN TEACHING SPEAKING
Authors: Aini Luluk Rahmatia Trisna , Rochmahwati Pryla
Published: December 2020

This research deals with teacher’s feedback in teaching speaking at the seventh grade of SMPN 4 Ponorogo. This research was conducted for several purposes. They are: 1) to know the implementation of teacher’s feedback in teaching speaking at the seventh grade of SMPN 4 Ponorogo, 2) to know students’ response to the teacher’s feedback in teaching speaking at the seventh grade of SMPN 4 Ponorogo. The researcher applied qualitative research approach and the case study was the research design. In this research, the researcher analyzed the data by Mattew B Miles and Michael Hubberman’s; data reduction, data display, and conclusion and verifications data.  It is a methodological on data analysis which involved an interview, an observation, and a documentation. Then both English teacher and the students especially 7G and 7H classes of SMPN 4 Ponorogo were the source and the object of this study. The findings of this study clarified that: (1) the English teacher implemented this feedback by giving tasks and inviting performance. Starting by the teacher chose the task and read the task to give the example of how to pronounce the words. Then the students should immitate it and improve their speaking of what they have took from the text in front of the class. While enjoying the students’ performance, the teacher took the scores and gave the feedback. It concluded on oral and written feedback. Something difference on this point than other points of feedback, the teacher applied on excellent point which is same as 10 scores in 1 point. Focusing on lower students to motivate their English skills and upgrading the students (the middle and the upper one) were the teacher’s goal in this strategy implementation. (2) the students’ response was very positive. It is shown when the researcher looked at the students were very active during doing the assignments. Through this feedback, the students can get several points in learning English such as feeling motivated and appreciated, getting an active assessment, and getting additional scores to upgrade their low scores. In the end, the researcher concluded that the teacher’s feedback applied positively in increasing students’ speaking ability.
THE APPRAISAL ANALYSIS OF CHARACTER IN RESOLUTION PART OF THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA BY ERNEST HEMINGWAY
Authors: Piscayanti Kadek Sonia
Published: December 2020

This research aimed to analyze the character of Santiago in resolution part of the novel “The Old Man and The Sea” by Ernest Hemingway using SFL Appraisal Theory. From the data analysis, it was found that attitude (affect) and graduation (force) dominated the appraisal items in the resolution part of “The Old Man and The Sea”. In total there were 34 appraisal items found. There were 11 appraisal items on affect found (29.72%), 3 items on judgment (8.1%), 1 item on appreciation (2.7%), 5 items on engagement (13.5%) and 17 items on graduation (45.94%). Those expressions developed from character revelation through dialogue and narration on setting, and those difference marks significant importance of character’s development in the resolution part. The character revelations found in the resolution part are: reflective, affectionate (caring and loving), humble, wise, realistic, and optimistic. This research showed the contribution of appraisal theory, especially attitude and graduation to develop a character in fiction, to be more exact, vivid, and naturally convincing. In the context of language teaching, the awareness of linguistics expression, language evaluations on meanings and values are relevant to be introduced from early to get better understanding of the language.
Tertiary-Recovery Improvement of Steam Injection Using Chemical Additives: Pore-Scale Understanding of Challenges and Solutions Through Visual Experiments
Authors: Pratama Randy Agra , Babadagli Tayfun
Published: December 2020

Our previous research, honoring interfacial properties, revealed that the wettability state is predominantly caused by phase change—transforming liquid phase to steam phase—with the potential to affect the recovery performance of heavy oil. Mainly, the system was able to maintain its water-wetness in the liquid (hot-water) phase but attained a completely and irrevocably oil-wet state after the steam-injection process. Although a more favorable water-wetness was presented at the hot-water condition, the heavy-oil-recovery process was challenging because of the mobility contrast between heavy oil and water. Correspondingly, we substantiated that the use of thermally stable chemicals, including alkalis, ionic liquids, solvents, and nanofluids, could propitiously restore the wettability. Two types of heavy oil (450 and 111,600 cp at 25°C) were used in a glass-bead-pack model at steam temperatures up to 200°C. Initially, the glass-bead-pack model was saturated with synthesized formation water and then displaced by heavy oils. The process was then followed by steam injection generated by escalating the temperature to steam temperature and maintaining a pressure lower than saturation pressure. Subsequently, the previously selected chemical additives were injected into the glass-bead-pack model as a tertiary-recovery application to further evaluate their performance. We observed that phase change (in addition to the capillary forces) was substantial in affecting both the phase distribution/residual oil in the porous media and wettability state. A more oil-wet state was evidenced in the steam case rather than in the liquid (hot-water) case. Despite the conditions, auspicious wettability alteration was achievable with thermally stable surfactants, nanofluids, water-soluble solvent [dimethyl ether (DME)], and switchable-hydrophilicity tertiary amines (SHTAs), improving the capillary number. The residual oil in the porous media yielded after injections could be favorably diminished post-chemical injection (for example, in the case of DME). In addition, more than 80% of the remaining oil was recovered after adding this chemical to steam. Analyses of wettability alteration and phase distribution/residual oil in the porous media through glass-bead-pack-model visualization on thermal applications present valuable perspectives in the phase-entrapment mechanism and the performance of heavy-oil recovery. This research also provides evidence and validations for tertiary recovery beneficial to mature fields under steam applications.
Monitoring and Characterization of the Spatial Distribution of Rhynchophorus Palmarum in Conventional Oil Palm Planting
Authors: Santos Artur , Farias Paulo , Pinho Raphael , Tinôco Ricardo , Silva Brenda , Batista Telma , Silva Gisele , Silva Anderson
Published: December 2020

The aim of this work was to evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution of males and females of R. palmarum using geostatistics as a tool. The experiment was carried out in a commercial oil palm plantation area, in the municipality of Moju (PA), Brazil. Monthly samplings were performed, from June 2013 to May 2014. The sampling of insects was carried out through bucket-type traps with pheromone and food attractant, all georeferenced. Population fluctuation, Pearson correlation and spatial analysis were performed through geostatistics. Among the abiotic factors evaluated, only relative humidity and insolation showed a significant correlation for the insect population. The spherical model was the one that presented the best fit, with ranges for males of 240 to 550 meters and females of 300 to 550 meters. The Kriging maps indicated for both sexes, a moderately pattern of aggregate infestation, located on the edges of the oil palm plantation block, mainly close to the native forest. The results indicate that the traps should be distributed on the edges of the oil palm plantations.
miR-489 confines uncontrolled estrogen signaling through a negative feedback mechanism and regulates tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer
Authors: Soni Mithil , Saatci Ozge , Patel Yogin , Raja Manikanda Raja Keerthi , Liu Xinfeng , Xu Peisheng , Wang Hongjun , Fan Daping , Sahin Ozgur , Chen Hexin
Published: December 2020

Background Approximately 75% of diagnosed breast cancer tumors are Estrogen receptor (ER) positive tumors and are associated with better prognosis due to their response to hormonal therapies. However, around 40% of patients relapse after hormonal therapies. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate miR-489 as a novel molecular target to combat tamoxifen resistance.Methods Genomic analysis of gene expression profiles in primary breast cancers and tamoxifen resistant cell lines unveiled the potential role of miR-489 in regulation of estrogen signaling and development of tamoxifen resistance. We manipulated miR-489 expression in breast cancer cell lines by transient transfection of miR-489 mimic or establishment of knockout cell lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to study the reciprocal regulation of miR-489 and estrogen/ER signaling pathways. Cell proliferation, tumor sphere formation assay and flow cytometry analysis were conducted to investigate the role of miR-489 on estrogen-induced cell proliferation, cancer stem cells expansion and development of tamoxifen resistance.Results miR-489 expression was significantly downregulated in tamoxifen-resistant cell lines. Low levels of miR-489 were associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with hormone treatment. In vitro analysis showed that loss of miR-489 expression promoted tamoxifen resistance while overexpression of miR-489 in tamoxifen-resistant cells restored tamoxifen sensitivity. Mechanistically, we found that miR-489 is an estrogen regulated miRNA that negatively regulated estrogen receptor signaling by using at least the following two mechanisms: i) modulation of ER phosphorylation status by inhibiting MAPK and AKT kinase activities; ii) regulation of nucleus to cytosol translocation of estrogen receptor α (ERα) by decreasing p38 expression and consequently ER phosphorylation. In addition, miR-489 could break the positive feed-forward loop between estrogen-ERα axis and p38 MAPK in breast cancer cells which was necessary for its function as transcription factor.Conclusion Our study unveiled the underlying molecular mechanism by which miR-489 regulates estrogen signaling pathway through a negative feedback loop and uncovered its role in the development of and overcoming tamoxifen resistance in breast cancers.
Does a preoperative Cone Beam CT reduce complication rates in the surgical removal of complex lower third molars? A retrospective study including 486 cases.
Authors: Klatt Jan , Sorowka Tony , Kluwe Lan , Smeets Ralf , Gosau Martin , Hanken Henning
Published: December 2020

Backround This study was designed to analyse the value of preoperative Cone Beam CTs (CBCT) prior to the surgical removal of complex lower third molars. Furthermore, the aim was to assess injuries to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) bundle and postoperative neurological disorders depending on the position of the lower third molar and the inferior alveolar nerve bundle.Methods In this retrospective examination preoperative Cone Beam CTs and Orthopantomographs (OPT) of 324 patients were analysed concerning the location of the lower third molars in relation to the mandible and the inferior alveolar nerve bundle. Surgery protocols of all patients who underwent the surgical removal of at least one complex lower third molar were analysed concerning patient data, length of surgery, intraoperative haemorrhage, intraoperative exposure of the inferior alveolar nerve bundle, postoperative swelling and postoperative neurological disorders. The data was then compared to data from international studies. Results In all 324 patients a permanent neurological damage was not found. Temporary neurological damage was recorded in 13 cases (2.6%). A caudal nerve position with no measurable distance to the root of the lower third molar was associated with the highest risk of a temporal neurological damage. A vestibular touching nerve route also correlated with postoperative sensitivity impairment. If a mesioangulation (Winter) or a Pell and Gregory Type IIIC appears in the OPT, risk of neurological damage is at its highest.Conclusions Three-dimensional radiographic imaging, in our patient group, does not significantly affect the risk for complications during the surgical removal of complex lower third molars. Therefore, it should only be utilized for risk assessment, especially in cases of symptom-free lower third molars.A preoperative orthopantomogram still can be accepted as standard for radiographic imaging. An intraoperative exposure of the IAN bundle does not necessarily predict simultaneous neurological damage. Exposure of the IAN bundle is no indication for a discontinuation of the surgery.
Repeat pulmonary resection for lung malignancies does not affect the postoperative complications: a retrospective study
Authors: Motono Nozomu , Iwai Shun , Iijima Yoshihito , Usuda Katsuo , Uramoto Hidetaka
Published: December 2020

Background: Although repeat pulmonary resection (RPR) for multiple lung cancer (MLC) has been performed for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and metastatic lung tumor, with the prognostic benefit detailed in several reports, the risk of RPR has not been well analyzed.Methods: Patients with lung malignancies who underwent complete resection at Kanazawa Medical University between January 2010 and October 2019 were analyzed. The relationship between postoperative complications and preoperative and perioperative factors was analyzed. Postoperative complications were categorized into five grades according to the Clavien–Dindo classification system.Results: A total of 41 patients who were received RPR were enrolled in this study. Primary lung tumor was found in 31 patients, and metastatic lung tumor was found in 10 patients. The postoperative complication rate of the first operation was 29%, and that of the second operation was 29%. While there were no significant factors for an increased incidence of postoperative complication in a multivariate analysis, an operation time over 2 h at the second operation tended to affect the incidence of postoperative complication (p=0.06). Furthermore, the operation time was significantly longer (p=0.02) and wound length tended to be longer (p=0.07) in the ipsilateral group than in the contralateral group. The rate of postoperative complications and the length of the postoperative hospital stay were not significantly different between the two groups.Conclusion: RPR is safely feasible and is not associated with an increased rate of postoperative complications, even on the ipsilateral side.
Decomposition and stabilization of organic matter in an old-growth tropical riparian forest: effects of soil properties and vegetation structure
Authors: Fernandes Pedro , Souza Andrea Teixeira , Tanaka Marcel , Sebastiani Renata
Published: December 2020

Background: Nutrient cycling in tropical forests has a large importance for primary productivity, and decomposition of litterfall is a major process influencing nutrient balance in forest soils. Although large-scale factors strongly influence decomposition patterns, small-scale factors can have major influences, especially in old-growth forests that have high structural complexity and strong plant-soil correlations. Here we evaluated the effects of forest structure and soil properties on decomposition rates and stabilization of soil organic matter using the Tea Bag Index in an old-growth riparian forest in southeastern Brazil. These data sets were described separately using Principal Components Analysis (PCA). The main axes for each analysis, together with soil physical properties (clay content and soil moisture), were used to construct structural equations models that evaluated the different parameters of the TBI, decomposition rates and stabilization factor. The best model was selected using Akaike’s criterion.Results: Forest structure and soil physical and chemical properties presented large variation among plots within the studied forest. Clay content was strongly correlated with soil moisture and the first PCA axis of soil chemical properties, and model selection indicated that clay content was a better predictor than this axis. Decomposition rates presented a large variation among tea bags (0.009 and 0.098 g g-1 day-1) and were positively related with forest structure, as characterized by higher basal area, tree density and larger trees. The stabilization factor varied between 0.211 – 0.426 and was related to forest stratification and soil clay content.Conclusions: The old-growth forest studied presented high heterogeneity in both forest structure and soil properties at small spatial scales, that influenced decomposition processes and probably contributed to small-scale variation in nutrient cycling. Decomposition rates were only influenced by forest structure, whereas the stabilization factor was influenced by both forest structure and soil properties. Heterogeneity in ecological processes can contribute to the resilience of old-growth forests, highlighting the importance of restoration strategies that consider the spatial variation of ecosystem processes.
Telework in BRICS: Legal, Gender and Cultural Aspects
Authors: Chudinovskikh M. , Tonkikh N.
Published: December 2020

With the rapid development of digital technologies and globalization, telework is becoming increasingly common. For the BRICS countries, the formation of a modern legal regulation model for telework is of great importance. In drafting legislation, it is essential to take into account economic and cultural factors, as well as the need to ensure gender equality. This article presents an analysis of current trends in telework development in the BRICS countries. Its findings reveal various reasons for a growing need to regulate telework. For Brazil, the issue of ecology plays an important role; for China and India, the possibility of integration into the world economy; in Russia, the focus is still on the procedural issues concerning the conclusion and termination of employment contracts; in South Africa, the issue of ensuring not only gender equality, but also racial equality is acute. The analysis gives the authors grounds to conclude that the BRICS countries are still lagging behind the United States and the European Union in the area of telework labor law, despite its widespread prevalence. The BRICS countries do not yet produce the necessary statistics on the prevalence of telework. Issues relating to BRICS's deepening integration require the development of common approaches to regulating the work of teleworkers. The harmonization of legislation between Russia and China is of particular importance due to the territorial factor.
Genome-Wide Analysis of the Response of Brucella melitensis NI to Polymyxin B
Authors: Wang Zhen , Wang Jiawei , Cheng Jie , Yang Xiaowen , Jiang Hai , Wu Qingmin
Published: December 2020

Background:

The ability of pathogenic bacteria to survive Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs)
in various host niches may contribute to their virulence. Polymyxin B is a cationic AMP, and polymyxin
drugs are considered to be the "last line of defense" in the clinical treatment of bacterial infections.

Objective:

The objectives of this study were to comprehensively study the response of Brucella
melitensis strain NI to polymyxin B treatment and to identify the target genes in Brucella induced by
polymyxin B stimulation.

Methods:

Following treatment with polymyxin B, differentially expressed genes in Brucella were detected
using RNA-seq and validated using qRT-PCR.

Results:

In total, 874 differentially expressed genes were identified, including 560 up-regulated and
314 down-regulated genes. Functional annotation and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that many of
these genes are involved in metabolism, two-component systems, transcriptional regulation, transport/
membrane proteins, and virulence factors. Expression of genes involved in T4SS and flagellar biosynthesis
and assembly, which are important virulence factors in Brucella, were up-regulated by polymyxin
B treatment.

Discussion:

Additionally, genes encoding the ABC transporters YejABEF and the cold-shock protein
CspA were also up-regulated. These genes confer resistance to AMPs and contribute to the virulence
of Brucella. The NIΔsufC, NIΔsufD, NIΔompW, NIΔexbB, NIΔtetR, and NIΔcspA mutants were also
more sensitive than B. melitensis NI to polymyxin B.

Conclusion:

The results of this study provide important insights into the comprehensive response of
Brucella in response to polymyxin B stimulation.
Multi-Component One-Pot Assisted Synthesis, Anti-bacterial Capabilities, and Scanning Electron Microscopy of Novel Corticosteroid Thiopyran
Authors: Sultanat  , Ansari Anam , Qamar Mohd , Shafiullah  , Tabassum Sartaj , Ansari Firoz A.
Published: December 2020

Background:

Corticosteroids are important group of polycyclic compounds having a wide range of pharmacological and physiological properties. Thiopyran derivatives are important building blocks of many biologically active compounds.

Objective:

Keeping in mind the wide range of application of corticosteroid and thiopyran, herein we intend to develop a
simple and efficient strategy to synthesize steroidal thiopyran derivatives starting with different commercially available corticosteroid and study their biological property.

Materials and Methods:

To achieve our aim, we employed a one-pot multicomponent synthesis of steroidal thiopyran derivatives by the reaction of corticosteriods, malononitrile and carbon disulphide in presence of triethyl amine as a catalyst.

Results and Discussion :

An array of novel thiopyran compounds was obtained with the highest product yield
using Et3N. Scanning electron microscopy analysis manifested agglomeration pertaining to brick-shaped crystals
of corticosteroid thiopyran. Synthesized compounds were also found to be active as anti-bacterial agents.

Conclusion:

We describe a facile one-pot multi-component synthesis of corticosteroid thiopyran derivatives,
which are found to possess anti-bacterial activity. Excellent yields of the products, simple work-up, easily available
starting materials, and non-chromatographic purification are some of the main advantages of this protocol.
Properties of Sustainable Concrete with Mussel Shell Waste Powder
Authors: El Biriane Mohamed , Barbachi Mohamed
Published: December 2020

Background:

The management of marine waste is a major concern in several countries. Recycling shell waste in concrete formulations may be one of the alternatives for producing sustainable materials at a lower cost.

Objective:

In this research paper, the performance of ground mussel waste for non-structural concrete formulation has been investigated.

Methods:

Two alternatives were explored in this research. The first aimed at incorporating treated Mussel Powder (MP) for partial substitution of cement (6, 12, and 24% by weight). The second aimed to investigate the feasibility of using MP as an additive with a proportion of 3, 6, 9 and 12% by weight of cement. Physico-mechanical properties of advanced composites have been studied in both fresh and hardened state through several laboratory tests.

Results:

The test results indicated that the inclusion of the MP allowed the formulation of concretes with normal density and lower air content. The mechanical behavior was characterized using new formulas adapted to the newly formulated concretes. Based on the obtained results, the treated MP could be used as a cement substitute with a proportion up to 12% or as a mineral additive with a percentage of 3% to produce a non-structural concrete that meets the normative requirements in terms of compressive and tensile strength.

Conclusion:

The recycling of mussel waste in concrete will contribute to the preservation of the environment by reducing the quantity of shellfish waste. The concept of “green” concrete can be achieved through the use of the formulated concretes in the paving works or as a blinding concrete.
Characteristics of Compost from Balinese Cattle Dung (CD) and Rice Straw (RS) using White Rot Fungus (Wrf) (Ganoderma sp) As Bioactivators
Authors: Said Muhammad Irfan , Mustabi Jamila , Syamsuddin Siti Amelia Putri
Published: December 2020

To maximize the performance of the fermentation process, there is a need for a biactivator. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of compost-based waste from cattle dung (CD) combined with rice straw (RS) by applying white rot fungus (Wrf) (Ganoderma sp) as a bioactivator. In this study, 6 types of treatments have been applied, namely T1(CD:RS)(25%:75%)+5% of Wrf; T2(CD:RS)(50%:50%)+5% of Wrf; T3(CD:RS)(75%:25%)+5% of Wrf; T4 (CD:RS)(25%:25%)+0% of Wrf; T5(CD:RS)(50%:50%)+0% of Wrf; T6 (CD:RS)(75%:25%)+0% of Wrf. The study was designed experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD), 6 treatments with 3 replications. Based on the research results, the difference in the ratio of CD to RS and the use of Wrf bioactivator has a significant effect (p<0.05) in increasing the pH, temperature, C-organic and C/N ratio in compost. However, this difference had no significant effect (p>0.05) on the C-organic value. The pH value of compost was obtained with variations of 5.50±0.43-6.73±0.06. Temperature of compost is in the range of values 24.00±0.00-25.67 ±0.58 ºC. The C-organic value is in the range of 24.38±0.48-31.32±0.80%, while the N-organic value varies at 1.34±0.11-2.10±0.15%. The C/N ratio is in the range of 15.00± 0.11-19.33±1.15. Based on the interaction, the results showed that there was a significant interaction (p>0.05) between the use of Wrf bioactivator with the ratio of CD to RS on the parameters of pH, N-organic and C/ Nratio, while, C-organic and temperature had no significant effect. The results of the study was concluded that several test parameters produced compost characteristics that were in accordance with Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) and the Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia. Compost production using T3 treatment ((CD:RS)(75%:25%) + 5% of Wrf) produces the best characteristics compared to other treatments.
Optical emission sensing for laser-based additive manufacturing—What are we actually measuring?
Authors: Stutzman Christopher B. , Mitchell Wesley F. , Nassar Abdalla R.
Published: December 2020

Numerous sensing modalities have been utilized to monitor metal additive manufacturing, thus assessing process stability and build quality. One common directed energy deposition sensing method is coaxial “melt pool” imaging, wherein a camera mounted coaxially with the laser-focusing optics views the laser-interaction zone via a dichroic mirror. This work demonstrates that coaxial “melt pool” imaging does not always provide reliable, as-solidified, pool geometry measurements. First, coaxially acquired images captured using a charge injection device camera for a range of laser powers, translation speeds, and powder flow rates are compared to optical profilometry-measured true deposition geometries. Furthermore, coaxial “melt pool” images and plume geometries, measured using a bandpass filtered CCD camera, show significant, abrupt “melt pool” geometry changes, which correspond to plume geometry changes. Additionally, interbuild comparisons demonstrate a linear relationship between “melt pool” and plume geometry. The authors conclude that coaxial imaging, as commonly implemented, is an often unreliable melt pool geometry measurement because plume emissions in and around the laser-interaction zone may obscure the melt pool.
Drone brood fed supplement impacts on the folliculogenesis in growing gilts
Authors:   Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria, Kistanova Elena , Zdoroveva Elena , Nevitov Michail , Nosov Aleksey , Vysokikh Mikhail , Sukhanova Iuliia , Vishnyakova Polina , Abadjieva Desislava , Ankova Desislava , Rashev Pavel , Boryaev Gennadi
Published: December 2020

The biological properties of bee drone brood make it an ideal additive for growth promotion in animal husbandry instead of banned hormonal anabolics and antibiotics. However, the drone brood action on mammalian ovaries has not been well studied. The present study analyzes the impact of drone brood homogenate (DBH) in the diet of growing gilts on folliculogenesis. Large White female pigs at the age of 35 days were randomly divided into two groups of 10 animals each, and fed with the same basal diets. The experimental group was supplemented with 25 mg/kg forage of DBH for 180 days, after which the animals were slaughtered and morphometric, histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of their ovaries was performed. In addition, the expression of ovarian growth factors BMP15 and GDF9 in oocytes and cumulus cells was analyzed by RT-PCR. A significant increase in body weight and average daily gain at day 145 in the DBH-supplemented group was established. The length of the ovaries in the treated animals also was enhanced. More pools of primordial follicles, involved in intensive growth, as well as a larger diameter of primary and tertiary follicles were found in the ovaries of DBH-supplemented animals. These findings corresponded with an increase in the expression of GDF9 mRNA in the oocytes and cumulus cells. At the same time, signs of atresia in the Graafian follicles of treated animals were observed. The supplementation with DBH stimulates the early stages of folliculogenesis in gilts, but provokes atresia in the last stage of follicular development.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT AKTIFITAS FISIK PADA MASYARAKAT KELURAHAN TOMANG JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Lontoh Susy Olivia , Kumala Meilani , Novendy Novendy
Published: December 2020

Lack of physical activity is a risk factor for increased incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), breast cancer, colon cancer and reduced life expectancy. Regular and adequate levels of physical activity are essential to reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases. Kelurahan Tomang has an urban area and is an urban area and tends to be a sedentary life style. Data regarding the description of physical activity in the Tomang Village, West Jakarta is still limited. This study aims to determine the level of physical activity in the community of Tomang Village, West Jakarta. This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted on 181 subjects and subject taking was done by consecutive sampling. Subjects in this study were aged from 20 years - 45 years with an average age of 35.1 ± 6.79 years, the majority were women as much as 55.8% and 78.5% of the subjects were married. Judging from the level of education, dominated by high school education / equivalent, the average monthly income of 42.9% of the subjects earned Rp. 3,000,001,-Rp. 4,000,000, - and most of the subjects worked as housewives and 43.1 % of subjects who did not exercise. The results of the measurement of the subject's physical activity level showed that 59.7% of subjects who had light activity and sex and type of work had an effect on the lack of physical activity Keywords: physical activity, sedentary life style ABSTRAKAktifitas fisik yang kurang  menjadi  faktor risiko untuk peningkatan kejadian penyakit jantung koroner (PJK), diabetes mellitus tipe 2 (T2DM), kanker payudara, kanker usus besar dan mengurangi harapan hidup. Tingkat aktifitas fisik yang teratur dan memadai sangat penting untuk mengurangi risiko penyakit tidak menular. Kelurahan Tomang berwilayah diperkotaan serta merupakan daerah urban dan  cenderung  sedentary life style. Data mengenai gambaran aktifitas fisik di lingkungan Kelurahan Tomang Jakarta Barat masih terbatas.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat aktifitas fisik pada masyarakat kelurahan Tomang Jakarta Barat. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian analitik observational dengan disain potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan pada 181  subyek dan pengambilan subjek dilakukan secara consecutive sampling.  Subjek  dalam penelitian ini berusia mulai dari 20 tahun - 45 tahun dengan usia rata-rata adalah 35.1 ± 6,79 tahun, mayoritas adalah perempuan  sebanyak 55,8 % dan  78,5 %  subjek menikah. Dilihat dari jenjang pendidikan, didominasi dengan pendidikan SMA/sederajat, rata-rata penghasilan perbulan 42,9 % subjek berpenghasilan Rp.3.000.001,-Rp.4.000.000,- dan  sebagian besar  subjek bekerja sebagai ibu rumah tangga serta  43,1%subjek  yang tidak melakukan olahraga. Hasil pengukuran tingkat aktifitas fisik subjek terlihat bahwa 59,7 % subjek yang memiliki aktifitas ringan dan jenis kelamin dan jenis pekerjaan berpengaruh terhadap kurangnya aktifitas fisik.
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE FRAMEWORK FOR PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAMS
Authors: Trisnawarman Dedi , Imam Muhammad Choirul
Published: December 2020

Business Intelligence (BI) is an online application and realtime, needed by large and modern organizations to increase competitive advantage in the global competitive environment. Higher Education (HE) is a current organization that houses excellent resources, with the number of students reaching up to tens of thousands, thus requiring an application that can be used as a tool to achieve the organization's business goals. This study aims to build a BI model and framework aimed at developing decision-making applications for measuring the business performance of HE. The method used in this research is the BI development method which is derived from the software engineering development method and adapted to the Study Program Accreditation Instrument (IAPS) 4.0. The case study used is the Information Systems Study Program at Tarumanagara University. The BI development methods are: Business Case Assessment, Enterprise Infrastructure Evaluation, Project Planning, Project Requirements, Data Analysis, Prototyping, Meta Data Analysis, Database Design, ETL Design, Meta Data Design, ETL Development, Application Development, Data Mining, Meta Data Repository Development, Implementation, Release Evaluation. The results of this study are a development stage model and framework that can be used to build BI applications for study program performance measurement.ABSTRAK Business Intelligence (BI) adalah aplikasi daringdan terkini, dibutuhkan oleh organisasi besar dan modern untuk meningkatkan keunggulan kompetitif dalam persaingan global. Perguruan tinggi adalah organisasi saat ini yang memiliki sumber daya yang sangat baik, dengan jumlah mahasiswa mencapai puluhan ribu, sehingga membutuhkan aplikasi yang dapat digunakan sebagai alat untuk mencapai tujuan bisnis organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun model dan framework BI yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi pengambilan keputusan untuk mengukur kinerja bisnis PT. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pengembangan BI yang bersumber dari metode pengembangan rekayasa perangkat lunak dan disesuaikan dengan Instrumen Akreditasi Program Studi (IAPS) 4.0. Studi kasus yang digunakan adalah Program Studi Sistem Informasi Universitas Tarumanagara. Metode pengembangan BI adalah: Business Case Assessment, Enterprise Infrastructure Evaluation, Project Planning, Project Requirements, Data Analysis, Prototyping, Metadata Analysis, Database Design, ETL Design, Metadata Design, ETL Development, Application Development, Data Mining, Metadata Pengembangan Repositori, Implementasi, Evaluasi Rilis. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa model tahapan pengembangan dan kerangka kerja yang dapat digunakan untuk membangun aplikasi BI untuk pengukuran kinerja program studi. Kata Kunci: Kerangka kerja Business Intelligence; Pengukuran Performa; Perguruan Tinggi
Downhole electric heating of heavy-oil wells
Authors: Karanikas John , Pastor Guillermo , Penny Scott
Published: December 2020

Downhole electric heating has historically been unreliable or limited to short, often vertical, well sections. Technology improvements over the past several years now allow for reliable, long length, relatively high-powered, downhole electric heating suitable for extended-reach horizontal wells. The application of this downhole electric heating technology in a horizontal cold-producing heavy oil well in Alberta, Canada is presented in this paper.

The field case demonstrates the benefits and efficacy of applying downhole electric heating, especially if it is applied early in the production life of the well. Early production data showed 4X-6X higher oil rates from the heated well than from a cold-producing benchmark well in the same reservoir. In fact, after a few weeks of operation, it was no longer possible to operate the benchmark well in pure cold-production mode as it watered out, whereas the heated well has been producing for twenty (20) months without any increase in water rate. The energy ratio, defined as the heating value of the incremental produced oil to the injected heat, is over 20.0, resulting in a carbon-dioxide footprint of less than 40 kgCO2/bbl, which is lower than the greenhouse gas intensity of the average crude oil consumed in the US.

A numerical simulation model that includes reactions that account for the foamy nature of the produced oil and the downhole injection of heat, has been developed and calibrated against field data.  The model can be used to prescribe the range of optimal reservoir and fluid properties to select the most promising targets (fields, wells) for downhole electric heating as a production optimization method. The same model can also be used during the execution of the project to explore optimal operating conditions and operating procedures.

Downhole electric heating in long horizontal wells is now a commercially available technology that can be reliably applied as a production optimization recovery scheme in heavy oil reservoirs. Understanding the optimum reservoir conditions where the application of downhole electric heating maximizes economic benefits will assist in identifying areas of opportunity to meaningfully increase reserves and production in heavy oil reservoirs around the world.
AVALIAÇÃO MECÂNICA E ESTRUTURAL DA ADIÇÃO DE ESCÓRIA DO REFINO SECUNDÁRIO VIA ACIARIA ELÉTRICA EM MATERIAL CERÂMICO EM FUNÇÃO DO TEMPO DE ESTOCAGEM DO RESÍDUO
Authors: Camacho Alini Luisa Diehl , Moraes Carlos Alberto Mendes , Cardoso Marília Duarte
Published: December 2020

A caracterização e segregação são etapas que indicam potencialidades da reciclagem de resíduos sólidos. Para a reciclagem de escória de refino secundário não há aplicações consolidadas, o que possibilita valorizá-la como coproduto minimizando resíduos em aterros e o impacto ambiental gerado. Foram produzidos, em laboratório, corpos de prova cerâmicos contendo escória do refino secundário de aciaria elétrica para avaliar a sua influência do tempo de estocagem nas propriedades mecânicas e estruturais. As escórias e a argila foram previamente caracterizadas e, nos traços estabelecidos, analisaram-se as propriedades de resistência mecânica na flexão, absorção de água e porosidade aparente. A retração linear em ambas as escórias foi maior após a secagem do que após a sinterização e, os resultados apresentaram queda na resistência mecânica nas adições de 10 e 15 % de escória com 1 dia de estocagem, enquanto que em 45 dias de estocagem, as propriedades foram melhores, o que indica potencialidade de adição em material cerâmico nas condições avaliadas. Neste sentido, o tempo de estocagem deve ser ampliado para garantir a estabilização do resíduo, o que significa minimizar a presença de cal livre no coproduto que gera expansibilidade quando misturado com água durante os processos de secagem e sinterização do material cerâmico.
Kremlin and Governors’ Re-election: Support Factors
Authors: Mukhametov R.S.
Published: December 2020

Since the return of the direct elections of the heads of the Russian regions in 2012, the terms of service of 143 regional leaders have expired. 66 leaders received an extension, while 77 did not. In the overwhelming majority of cases, the heads of the regions, supported by the federal center and the president in particular, are re-elected. What motivates the federal center’s decisions to support the governor’s nomination for a new term? What are the reasons why the Kremlin approves the regional governors’ re-election? This article is devoted to finding answers to these questions. The study uses data on 104 governors, whose terms of service ended in 2012—2019, and employs the method of a binary logistic regression. The author tested several hypotheses elaborated within the framework of the political, economic and social approaches. On the basis of the regression analysis the author rejected the hypothesis that the political survival of governors depends on the regional electoral performance of the United Russia and Vladimir Putin in the federal elections. The hypothesis about the connection between the economic growth of the region and the governor’s retention of the post was not corroborated. The only factor that appeared to be statistically significant for the re-election of an incumbent was the socio-economic situation in the region, which indicates that the political longevity of regional leaders is primarily determined by their ability to maintain socio-economic stability.
Autobiographical Memory Impairments as a Transdiagnostic Feature of Mental Illness: A meta-analytic review of investigations into autobiographical memory specificity and overgenerality amongst people with psychiatric diagnoses
Authors: Barry Tom Joseph , Hallford David John , Takano Keisuke
Published: December 2020

Decades of research has examined the difficulty that people with psychiatric diagnoses, such as Major Depressive Disorder, Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, have in recalling specific autobiographical memories from events that lasted less than a day. Instead, they seem to retrieve general events that have occurred many times or which occurred over longer periods of time, termed overgeneral memory. We present the first transdiagnostic meta-analysis of memory specificity/overgenerality, and the first meta-regression of proposed causal mechanisms. A keyword search of Embase, PsycARTICLES and PsycINFO databases yielded 74 studies that compared people with and without psychiatric diagnoses on the retrieval of specific (k = 85) or general memories (k = 56). Multi-level meta-analysis confirmed that people with psychiatric diagnoses typically recall fewer specific (g = -0.864, 95% CI[-1.030, -0.698]) and more general (g = .712, 95% CI[0.524, 0.900]) memories than diagnoses-free people. The size of these effects did not differ between diagnostic groups. There were no consistent moderators; effect sizes were not explained by methodological factors such as cue valence, or demographic variables such as participants’ age. There was also no support for the contribution of underlying processes that are thought to be involved in specific/general memory retrieval (e.g., rumination). Our findings confirm that deficits in autobiographical memory retrieval are a transdiagnostic factor associated with a broad range of psychiatric problems, but future research should explore novel causal mechanisms such as encoding deficits and the social processes involved in memory sharing and rehearsal.
Działalność Katedr Historii Kościoła Starożytnego w Polsce
Authors: Koczwara Stanisław , Kołosowski Tadeusz
Published: December 2020

Der Artikel beschreibt Entstehung und Entwickłung des Lehrstuhles der Geschichte der antiken Kirche in der Akademie der Katholischen Theoiogie in Warschau, Personbestand, didaktische Beschaftigung der Professoren, Adjunkten und Assistenten, Richtungen der wissenschaftiichen Forschungen und hauptsachiiche Bekanntmachungen.