bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biological Degradation of Nerve Agents
Authors: Kushwah Vinita Chauhan
Published: June 2024

Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine biodegradation efficacy of nerve agents [methyl parathion, dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), and sarin (GB)] by bacteria isolated from and characterization of isolates. Methods: Enrichment for bacteria that can use organophosphates (OPs) as a source of carbon from the soil, where the synthesis of organophosphorus (OP) compounds takes place. The enrichment of bacteria biodegrading OP compounds was carried out inmineral salt medium. Characterization of bacterial strains was done by sequencing, pyro GC, SDS-PAGE profiling and 16S rRNA. Degradation of OP compounds by bacterial isolates was determined by estimating inorganic phosphorus, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry analyses (GC/MS). Results: After enrichment the bacteria were isolated. OPs were utilized as second preferred carbon source after glucose by these bacteria, whereas acetate and lactose exhibitedminimal effect on growth. These isolates were grouped together based on pyro GC and PAGE profiles and identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. Degradation of OP compounds was determined by the estimation of inorganic phosphorus after 12 and 24h of incubation. GC analysis revealed spp. of Pseudomonas and Acinetobactor effectively degraded the 200ppm concentration of OP compound up to 48.3%, and 59.8% respectively; after 24h of incubation. Conclusion: Organophosphate compounds are extensively used as agricultural pesticides and some are listed chemical warfare agents by Organization for Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW); these compounds are highly toxic, show environmental persistence and contribute to numerous cases of poisoning. Therefore, the ability of microorganisms to reduce contaminants has been a preferred method to degrade these compounds. The biodegradation of methyl parathion, dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), and GB proceeded rapidly with the formation of a series of intermediate products, which were analyzed using a combination GC/MS.
Women's Perception of Sexuality and Sexual Violence in Turkish Culture - Are Women Aware of This Difficult Distinction?: A Qualitative Research
Authors: Cirban Ekrem Ebru , Kurt Aylin
Published: June 2024

Background/Aims: We aimed to determine the perceptions of women living in the Turkey whether they live their sexual life in line with their sexual desires or as sexual violence.
Methods: This qualitative study was carried out with 18 women by in-depth interviews. In-depth and semi- structured interviews were conducted between December 2021- July 2022. Content analysis was used for data analysis.
Results: Three themes were identified in the study: (1) the building block of marriage (2) sexuality as violence (3) the effects of sexual violence. The participants emphasized that their different expressions of sexuality from their groups, when they do not feel sexual desire, the sexual function is an act of violence in which the woman is the object of sex. Sexual harassment, some women were also exposed to verbal and psychological violence of a sexual nature.
Conclusion: At the end of the study, it was determined that women saw sexuality as a fundamental element for the continuation of marriage and commitment to their spouse. Participants stated that they were occasionally exposed to sexual violence and different types of violence.
Determination of University Students’ Preventive Attitudes for Lung Cancer and Healthy Life Awareness and The Influencing Factors
Authors: Demir Doğan Melike
Published: June 2024

Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine university students' attitudes toward lung cancer screening and healthy lifestyle and the factors that influence these attitudes.
Methods: In the study, the data were collected from 295 students between September 2022 and February 2023 by using a personal information form, the Healthy Life Awareness Scale (HLAS), the Health Belief Model Scale for Lung Cancer and Screening (HBMSLCS).
Results: It was observed that the sensitivity perception and barrier perception subscales of the HBMSLCS were higher in men than their female counter parts, and those with extended families had higher severity perception and barrier perception than those with nuclear families. As the general health status improved, the sensitivity perception and the severity perception decreased. Sensitivity perception was higher in smokers than in non-smokers. Non-smokers had higher health motivation than non-smokers. Moreover, the barrier perception was higher in those consuming alcohol compared to those who did not. As the HLAS increased, it was observed that the severity perception and barrier perception subscales of the HBMSLCS decreased.
Conclusion: Consequently, it was determined that the students perceived lung cancer screening as beneficial, but they were not sensitive enough to have screening. The barrier perception related to screening was low, the health motivation was high, and the severity perception was moderate.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Stress Levels of Pregnant Women
Authors: Ersanlı Candan , Yiğitbaş Çağla
Published: June 2024

Aim: This study aims to determine the effects of the COVID-19 process on pregnant women in the second and third trimesters, as well as the stress they have experienced and their health behaviors.
Material and Methods: The research is of descriptive cross-sectional type. The sample size was calculated using the G*Power program. Necessary permissions were obtained for the research.
Due to restrictions in the data collection time period (November 2020-April 2021), 204 participants were reached by convenience sampling method using the online survey tool. A survey form consisting of three parts was used as a data collection tool. Personal information form including questions about sociodemographic characteristics, birth history, pregnancy and pandemic; Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale were employed. High scores on the Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale indicate an increased level of stress during pregnancy. A high score on the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale indicates a high level of anxiety experienced during the coronavirus. In the study, number and percentage values were given, regression and correlation analysis and nonparametric tests were performed.
Results: It was found that pregnant women experienced moderate stress during the COVID-19 pandemic, and some obstetric characteristics such as gestational week, having problems in this and previous pregnancies, feeling fear of delivery, and having problems in previous delivery affected stress and COVID-19 anxiety. It has been observed that future anxiety increases in pregnant women who consider the measures taken as inadequate. The mean scores of the scales used in the study are 42.99 ± 24.58 (Min-max: 6-116, median: 40) for Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale, 2.60±3.26 (Min-max: 0-19, median: 2) for Coronavirus Anxiety Scale.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the factors contributing to increased stress and anxiety in pregnant women.
Comparison of Pica Prevalence Between Children and Adolescents with Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anaemia: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sert Sadiye , Karaçal Say Şerife
Published: June 2024

Background/Aims: The existing literature lacks comprehensive data on the association between the severity of iron deficiency (ID) and pica prevalence in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of pica in apparently healthy children and adolescents, and by comparing its occurrence between those diagnosed with ID and those with IDA.
Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the outpatient paediatric clinic over a period of three months. A total of 504 children and adolescents were enrolled in the study. Participants were categorized into three groups based on primary laboratory findings: Group 1 (healthy), Group 2 (isolated ID), and Group 3 (IDA).
Results: A pica prevalence rate of 5.35% was observed, with a significantly higher occurrence among children suffering from IDA compared to those with ID and their healthy counterparts (p: <0.0001). Moreover, the prevalence was significantly higher in the 12-17.9 years age group (p: 0.01). Female sex and serum ferritin level emerged as the most significant independent predictors associated with pica in our investigation.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrated a higher prevalence of the pica among children suffering from IDA, the most severe form of iron deficiencies, compared with those with isolated ID.
Energy decay of one-dimensional thermoelastic bresse system with distributed neutral delay and a second sound
Authors: Manel Abdelli , Lamine Bouzettouta
Published: June 2024

In this paper we study the exponential stability of a one-dimensional thermoelastic Bresse system, with distributed neutral delay and a second sound, under suitable assumptions on the kernel of neutral delay term. In 1859, Bresse developed the circular arc problem which consists of three wave equations where the main variables, represent the vertical, longitudinal and shear angle displacements respectively. The Bresse system reduces to the well-known Timoshenko system where the longitudinal displacement w is not considered (l = 0), on the other hand, the energy associated with this system remains constant when the time t evolves, because it is an undamped system. That’s why, different types of dampings should be added to the equations or at the limit, in order to stabilize this system that has been studied by many authors. Many research has looked at the impact of the delay term on the asymptotic behavior of solutions that lead to instability in systems that are uniformly stable in the absence of delay. There are other types of discrete delays in addition to the well-known discrete delays, here we are interested in the neutral delay, which occurs in the second (highest) derivative. We establish the well-posedness result using the Faedo-Galerkin method, in this section we present our assumptions on both kernels and we are needed to announce some lemma, which will be used in the next sections, in order to make the computations easier. Then, we use the multiplier method to establish an exponential stability results although the delay is a source of instability, we show that the dissipation given by the combination of neutral delay with the heat effect and the frictional damping stabilize exponentially the system in the case of equal wave speeds by introducing a suitable Lyaponov functional. Other than that, the system’s exponential stability is lacking.
A ética na administração pública: importância e desafios a administração pública e a relevância da ética em prol da coletividade
Authors: Gonçalves Halisson Campos , Erthal Paula Lopes , Silva Gabriel da , Ferreria Heleno Lima , Silva Marcela Cristina Vasconcellos da , Sales Missleny Vieira Souza , Rodriguez Martius Vicente Rodriguez y
Published: June 2024

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar e apresentar os impactos da ética na administração pública. A pesquisa baseia-se na abordagem documental e bibliográfica, utilizando a perspectiva exploratória de Gil (2017). O estudo é delimitado às bases de dados Scielo, Scopus e Web of Science. Foram adotados procedimentos de pesquisa documental e bibliográfica para explorar o tema, abrangendo estudos presentes em Scielo, Scopus e Web of Science. Os resultados destacam os efeitos positivos da ética na gestão pública, como o fortalecimento da confiança nas instituições, melhoria da eficiência e eficácia, estímulo à participação cívica e desenvolvimento sustentável. A pesquisa ressalta a necessidade de investimento em ações éticas para influenciar comportamentos e estabelecer relações responsáveis, lucrativas e sustentáveis, preenchendo lacunas teóricas e contribuindo para o avanço na área. As implicações do estudo incluem a promoção de valores éticos na administração pública, visando avanços teóricos e práticos em Administração Pública, Contabilidade Pública e/ou Gestão Social e Terceiro Setor.
On the Philosophical Incoherence of a Duty to Promote the Highest Good
Authors: Kahn Samuel
Published: June 2024

According to Kantian moral religion, because there is a duty to promote the highest good, we are warranted in believing in God and immortality. However, this article shows that the duty to promote the highest good is incoherent, and that popular conceptualizations of the highest good cannot avoid this incoherence. After arguing, additionally, against attempts to ground Kantian moral religion on the highest good in some role other than the object of duty, it is shown that Kant seems to have been aware of the original problem, suggesting an explanation for why he abandoned the highest good around 1800.
Research on Intelligent Rail Transit Operation and Maintenance Management
Authors: Qi Yixin
Published: June 2024

At present, urban rail transit is faced with multiple problems such as aging infrastructure, backward technology and high management cost. The research topic of this paper is intelligent rail transit operation and maintenance. Through intelligent means, a large amount of equipment data can be obtained, new applications of equipment can be deeply explored, operations can be optimized, and traffic efficiency can be improved. The system introduces advanced technology and data analysis, enabling real-time monitoring of train operations, passenger services and equipment maintenance. The result is a highly intelligent transportation ecosystem that improves overall efficiency and safety. In addition, actively exploring the application of intelligent operation and maintenance of rail transit can promote technological innovation. The conclusion shows that intelligent operation and maintenance can provide a new idea for urban traffic and has a broad application prospect. This study has far-reaching significance for the sustainable development of urban transportation, and provides theoretical support and practical reference for building a more intelligent and efficient transportation system.
The Application of an Improved SPH Boundary Treatment Model in Rigid-fluid Interaction Problems
Authors: Zhang Lintao , Qiang Hongfu , Dudou Dudou , Liu Yuxiang
Published: June 2024

As a truly Lagrange meshfree method, smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) faces the obstacles of rigid-fluid interaction problems. In this paper, the application of SPH methodwith an improved SPH boundary treatment model in solving rigid-fluid interaction problems is studied. Two rigid-fluid interaction problems of eccentric falling block and two dimensional cylinder entry water are simulated. Results of simulationare compared with the experimental results and another simulation results, respectively. Research of this paper expands application of SPH method in solving rigid-fluid interaction problems, and with the help of this method, the stable wrinkled ow ruined eld, smooth velocity and pressure ruined elds could be obtained.
Photovoltaic power generation prediction based on k-means clustering analysis and GRO-CNN-LSTM Attention
Authors: Jin Fangcheng
Published: June 2024

In order to improve the accuracy of photovoltaic power prediction, this paper proposes a GRO-CNN-LSTM Attention prediction model, which improves the prediction accuracy by introducing the Gold Rushing Optimization Algorithm (GRO) and SE attention mechanism. Secondly, the photovoltaic data is divided into three categories based on weather types using the k-means clustering analysis algorithm: sunny, cloudy, and rainy. Finally, photovoltaic power generation predictions were conducted under three different weather types, and the proposed prediction model was compared and analyzed with other prediction models. The results showed that the CNN-LSTM prediction model, which introduced GRO and SE attention mechanism optimization, had a decrease in MAE, RMSE, and MAPE compared to the original model under three different weather types.
Il Concordato lateranense: libertà della Chiesa e dei cattolici
Authors: Fumagalli Carulli Ombretta
Published: June 2024

Prolusione tenuta il 7 febbraio 2009 a Desio, città natale di Pio XI, per la celebrazione dell’80esimo anniversario dei Patti lateranensi.
SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. Il Concordato lateranense nel quadro della politica concordataria di Pio XI - 3. Lo Stato-etico - 4. I contrasti tra concezione cristiana e concezione fascista - 5. Il conflitto con l’Azione Cattolica - 6. Bilancio finale
Jeremy Bentham on Religion and Law Reform
Authors: Ferraro Francesco
Published: June 2024

This paper was originally delivered at the Conference “Religions, Law, and Democracy”, organized by Università degli Studi di Milano, held in Gargnano del Garda (on October 1-2, 2007).
Il coma, le nozze in periculo mortis, il mancato consenso e, comunque, la trascrizione (brevi osservazioni al decreto 23 gennaio 2009 del G.U.P. Como)
Authors: Pasquali Cerioli Jlia
Published: June 2024

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. La vicenda – 3. I profili canonistici: la “insostituibilità” e la “attualità” del consenso matrimoniale – 3.1. (segue) … il matrimonio in pericolo di morte – 3.2. (segue) … l’inesistenza del matrimonio - 4. I profili ecclesiasticistici: “l’atto di scelta” e la volontà di attribuzione degli effetti civili nel sistema matrimoniale concordatario – 4.1. (segue) … l’insussistenza dell’”atto di scelta” – 4.2. (segue) … l’inesistenza del vincolo civile - 5. Brevi conclusioni
Fecondazione assistita e velo di ignoranza laicista
Authors: Jori Mario
Published: June 2024

Testo dell’intervento (tenuto nell’occasione di un incontro di studio per la presentazione del volume di E. DOLCINI, Fecondazione assistita e diritto penale, Giuffrè, Milano, 2008) pubblicato a stampa in Politeia, n. 92 del 2008. Si ringrazia la Direzione della Rivista che ha cortesemente consentito alla diffusione on line in questa rivista.
On Strongly Regular Relation of Canonical Hypergroup
Authors: AbouElwan Yasser A. , Alderawe Maher. A.
Published: June 2024

Burris and Sankappanavar established connection between congruence on group G (ring R) and normul subgroup of G (ideal of ring R). In this paper by the same manner, the connection between strongly regular relation defined on canonical hypergroup and normal subcanonical hypergroup of canonical hypergroup is established.
Symbolic Regression for the Wall Effect on a Settling Sphere in a Circular Cylinder
Authors: Elghannay Husam A. , El Hasadi Yousef M. F.
Published: June 2024

The main contribution of the current paper is to provide symbolic regression-based correlations for the wall correction factor of a sphere settling in a static fluid confined in an infinitely long circular cylinder.  The first correlation will be valid for the entire spectrum of the flow regimes that range from the creeping flow regime up to the turbulent flow regime. While the second correlation is compact and only valid in the creeping flow regime, it accurately reassembles Haberman and Sayre's complicated analytical formula (David Taylor Model Basin Report No. 1143, Washington, D. C, US Navy Dept, 1958). A review of the available data and correlations is made to justify the selection of the data used in generating the correlation. This is followed by feeding a representative data to a symbolic regression software, selecting a dependency of the parameter of interest, running the software and selecting a correlation that has a relatively small length with good accuracy among the resulting suggested formulas. We used a small volume of training data from experiments to feed the symbolic regression machine-learning algorithm. The developed formula compared reasonably well with the available data and can extrapolate beyond its training data range. For the correlation limited for the creeping flow regime, the training data was obtained by solving a set of equations that constitute the Haberman and Sayre analytical formula. The obtained expression compared well when compared to the exact solution.
A survivable Point-to-Point (PTP) Wireless Transmission Based On Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) Technique
Authors: Mohamed Ibrahim M M , AL-Salheen Saif AL-Islam Ateeya
Published: June 2024

Wireless transmission can be affected by severe weather conditions such as heavy rain. Such a temporary weather condition leads to decrease the received power and thus reduce the signal-to-noise ratio, which degrades the overall performance. In some cases, in which a high bit rate is being transmitted where a specific amount of signal-to-noise ratio is required, the wireless transmission drops down completely. Adaptive Coding and Modulation technique could provide the feature of adaptation during transmission. In Adaptive Coding and Modulation, transmission parameters such as modulation scheme and/ or code rate can be altered based on signal-to-noise ratio measurements. In this paper, a survivable point-to-point wireless transmission was established using Adaptive Coding and Modulation technology. A concentration on the Adaptive Modulation was made in this work by using the AF-11FX equipment which is capable of modulate carriers using different modulation schemes (QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024QAM). In this context, the wireless point-to-point link was examined with and without the use of Adaptive Modulation. A survivable transmission was achieved in which an automatic switching mechanism is performed among the aforementioned modulation schemes based on signal-to-noise ratio measurements, which led to increase the average transmission rate.
Moc twórczości w pedagogice leczniczej
Authors: Nowak Monika
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this article is to present the concept of classes using creativity as a tool for supporting a child with cancer, as well as the importance of these classes in the professional development of special educators. The didactic project in question is being implemented in the five-year master’s degree program in special pedagogy at the Catholic University of Lublin since 2022. It mainly deals with issues in the area of therapeutic pedagogy and art therapy. All subjects implemented within the framework of the project, are accompanied by creativity in a very wide range: from a creative attitude to the surrounding world, through creative thinking about ways to solve problems or provide help, to the ability to apply specific techniques that develop creativity. The evaluation pointed to many benefits of such a form of classes. Students most often cited the opportunity to deepen their knowledge, gain important life experiences and become more competent to work with people, by getting to know themselves better or finding valuable resources. Creative educators, thus formed, will be able to stimulate equally creative attitudes towards life and the struggles of their charges with the illness or disability they experience.
Diagnoza kompetencji społeczno-emocjonalnych uczniów w środkowym wieku szkolnym w kaszubskiej wiejskiej szkole
Authors: Tarnowski Krzysztof
Published: June 2024

This article addresses the issue of socio-emotional functioning of pupils in a Kashubian rural school aged 9–13 years. The social-emotional area of pupils constitutes, next to the cognitive sphere, the basic developmental area, which concerns the process of forming young people’s personalities, including their motivations, emotions, values and attitudes. The aim of this article is to diagnose this phenomenon in the light of the results of social-emotional competences research carried out using the TROS-KA tools in a group of students from classes IV–VI of a rural school. The results obtained indicate that the male and female pupils surveyed achieve high levels of learning outcomes with significantly lower competences in all four scopes surveyed: T – “Coping with difficulties”, R – “Relationships”, O – “Self-image”, S – “Self-efficacy”. The surveyed male and female students need support in improving their social-emotional competences.
The Solution to the Inventory Overstock Problem Through a Circular Economy
Authors: Jin Waylen
Published: June 2024

This paper mainly uses a circular economy to solve inventory overstock problems. To begin with, the researcher discussed the background information of the overstock problem, such as how it exists and in which field it appears. Then, the researcher focuses on the fashion retailing industry to extend my research. The analysis part illustrates the problem of inventory, the system model that can be used to deal with the problem, and how to achieve such a system model. The researcher implies the potential cost of these problems to the company and how they usually are dealt with. After this, the researcher explains the circular economy at the beginning of my third part. The researcher depicts a system of inventory flow inside the company through the circular economy in detail. The researcher also offers a requirement for how to realize such a system. Finally, the researcher summarized my paper and the end of it and showed my expectations.
Lesson from SVB Failure
Authors: Ma Weizhou , Gu Yuanyuan , Chen Pengyu , Pan Jiashu
Published: June 2024

In the first quarter of 2023, Silicon Valley Bank declared bankruptcy. This paper's goal is to examine Silicon Valley Bank's collapse from the perspectives of the asset and liability side of the corporate annual report, interest rate, firm management, bank regulatory mechanism, and market impact. Silicon Valley's bank failures began with the Federal Reserve's rapid rise in interest rates over a short period of time. This paper also discusses the implications for the industry and the world as a whole by this declaration of Silicon Valley Bank's bankruptcy. In addition, by comparing the way Chinese banks and Silicon Valley banks reserve and invest their assets, it can be seen why such an incident is less likely to happen in China than in the United States. Similarly, different approaches to asset allocation can have a direct impact on a bank's profit and loss position.
Differences in Vaccination Coverage Rates Between the States of U.S.
Authors: Xiong Junjie
Published: June 2024

This paper investigates vaccination rates in the US, analyzing factors behind the disparities with high-income countries. Employing economic analysis and econometrics, it aims to inform policy interventions for enhancing vaccination uptake and combating COVID-19 spread. Key aspects explored encompass trust in science, public healthcare provisioning, and COVID-19 regulations. Employing a cost-benefit model and empirical regressions, the research underscores these elements' role in shaping vaccination rates across states. Results underscore the importance of trust-building, equitable healthcare access, and effective regulations in guiding vaccination decisions. Through rigorous literature review, conceptual framework development, and meticulous data curation, the research provides insights into vaccination dynamics. It demonstrates that fostering trust, ensuring inclusive healthcare, and implementing robust regulations are essential for successful vaccination campaigns. In summary, this comprehensive examination of vaccination rates marries economic analysis, empirical insights, and strategic recommendations, offering a foundation for targeted measures to boost vaccination rates and enhance public health resilience.
Should the Electric Vehicle Market Diversify
Authors: Fu Zhichu , Zou Zheyu , Wu Zihao , Wu Yankuan
Published: June 2024

The new energy automotive sector is on the verge of The Times due to the ongoing depletion of natural resources. Future gasoline-powered automobiles could be fully phased out thanks to the increasing development of electric vehicles. Additionally, several businesses are actively working to manufacture electric cars. This study looks at consumer preferences for electric cars based on their various performance levels. Furthermore, employ the multiple-argumentation angle to describe the effect. This essay will also examine the sales and reputation of the market leaders Tesla and BYD through a comparative comparison. Additionally, additional research should be done on the electric car industry to determine if it should be controlled by a small number of major firms or grow more diverse. We shall provide the future perspective and planning for the market for electric vehicles in this article's conclusion in light of its content.
Why Has International Trade Not Significantly Improved Poverty in Africa
Authors: Shao Qiwen , Guo Xiaoming , Jiang Zijian , Ding Manting , Zhou Wenjin
Published: June 2024

This paper explores the complex interconnection between poverty reduction in Africa and international trade. Despite the primary sector's significance, encompassing agriculture, mining, forestry, and fishing, the continent still wrestles with notable disparities in income distribution. This research probes into the factors underlying this apparent contradiction, highlighting the impact of trade barriers, political corruption, and sectors that lack development. The impact of international trade on African economies is examined from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. The study delves into the potential mechanisms driving economic growth through trade, including the net export multiplier effect, comparative advantage theory, economies of scale, and the spread of technology. Moreover, the paper analyzes the negative aspects of international trade, such as the "resource curse" and "immiserizing growth," highlighting the intricate relationship between trade and its effects on poverty. The empirical analysis introduces tools such as the Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve to assess income distribution inequality in sub-Saharan Africa. Spillover effect models and trade barriers are also employed to figure out the trade-poverty relationship. Political factors, including corruption, weak law enforcement, and lack of investor confidence, act as trade barriers that impede poverty reduction. This study adds to the discussion surrounding the contribution of international trade to alleviating poverty, emphasizing the requirement for multifaceted approaches to navigate the intricate challenges that African economies confront while striving for inclusive growth.
Research on the Benign Development of Chinas Hog Futures Market--Comparison Between China and the USA
Authors: Yao Yang , Wang Yisheng , Huang Jingyi , Han Zhenao , Wang Zihan
Published: June 2024

Hog futures are a type of financial contract that allow participants to buy or sell hogs at a predetermined price for delivery at a specified date in the future. These futures serve as a risk management tool for hog producers, processors, and speculators over pork value. This research paper aims to cover the uses of hog futures, and provides a detailed comparison with the well-established live hog spot and futures markets in the United States as compared with the newer hog futures market in China. We would also briefly explain China's live hog industry hog chain and highlight its unique characteristics. Then we cover the design of live hog futures and explore the potenti,al impact of the contextual disparities between China and the United States. Lastly a detailed analysis will be conducted on how these futures can effectively change the complexities of industry and price cycles in China drive the development of the spot market, taking into consideration the complexities of industry and price cycles.
AI-based Transformation and Reflections on the Big Data Push Mechanism of Traditional Food Delivery Industry - Taking Meituan as an Example
Authors: Zhang Siqi
Published: June 2024

With the development of artificial intelligence technology, China's takeout industry has gradually introduced it into the technical construction of the platform, in which the big data push mechanism has become a hot topic of artificial intelligence placement. Under the social background that the catering industry is deeply hit in the epidemic period, this paper takes Meituan as an example, and argues the role of AI on the big data push mechanism in the transition period of the platform from the aspects of user novelty optimization, merchant-food interaction interest push, and, discovery consumption in the live broadcast business, as well as analyses its strengths and weaknesses from the perspective of economics and gives the construction of the basic model in view of its technological limitations. As a result of this series of explorations, this article can help to look forward to the transition and development of China's takeaway industry in the economic recovery period in the post-epidemic era.
Volatility Juxtaposition: Deciphering Market Risk Perceptions Between Bitcoin and Copper Options
Authors: Chai Fu , Fei Mingzhi , Chai Neng , Zhang Xinyan
Published: June 2024

This study seeks to elucidate the volatility dynamics of Bitcoin and Copper options, contrasting a digital asset with a tangible commodity. It leverages the BSM model in tandem with the Newton method and further dissects through the lens of 'Greeks'. It is revealed that the Bitcoin option's delta is nearing 1, while Copper manifests larger negative theta values and elevated rho values. The findings of this paper uncover a pronounced "smile" pattern in Bitcoin, highlighting speculative tendencies. Conversely, Copper's volatility is more in harmony with tangible economic indicators. The analysis consistently demonstrates Bitcoin's heightened anticipation of price fluctuations, underscoring its speculative nature. Conversely, Copper, with its distinctive skew and variable delta and vega values, unveils its susceptibility to real-world economic shifts. Hence, for portfolio diversification strategies, investors might contemplate juxtaposing Bitcoin's speculative allure with Copper's tangible economic grounding. This paper concludes by summarizing the insights gleaned and their prospective implications for future investment strategies.
Diagnosis of Pneumonia from Chest X-ray Images with Vision Transformer Approach
Authors: Aslan Emrah
Published: June 2024

People can get pneumonia, a dangerous infectious disease, at any time in their lives. Severe cases of pneumonia can be fatal. A doctor would usually examine chest x-rays to diagnose pneumonia. In this work, a pneumonia diagnosis system was developed using publicly available chest x-ray images. Vision Transformer (ViT) and other deep learning models were used to extract features from these images. Vision Transformer (ViT) is an attention-based model used for image processing and understanding as an alternative to the convolutional neural networks traditionally used for this purpose. ViT consists of a series of attention layers, where each attention layer models the relationships between input pixels to represent an image. These relationships are determined by a set of attention heads and then fed into a classifier. ViT performs effectively in a variety of visual tasks, especially when trained on large datasets. The study shows that the ViT model's classification procedure has a high success rate of 95.67%. These results highlight how deep learning models can be used to quickly and accurately diagnose dangerous diseases such as pneumonia in its early stages. The study also shows that the ViT model outperforms current approaches in the biomedical field.
Normothermia to Decrease Surgical Site Infection Risk: Silver Bullet or Fool's Gold? A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Liedl Henry J.C. , Lazenby Kevin A. , Arimoto Ryuji S. , Singh Armaan , Strelzow Jason A.
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

Surgical site infection (SSI) is the leading cause of nosocomial infections among surgical patients in the United States. Currently, there is compelling evidence suggesting that temperature dysregulation in surgical patients may be a risk factor for the development of SSI. We examined the relationship between perioperative hypothermia (PH) and SSI in a population of surgical patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods:

This retrospective cohort review was conducted on patients with a history of DM undergoing orthopaedic surgery at our institution between May 1, 2018, and April 1, 2022. Inclusion criteria were age older than 15 years, a history of DM or recent hemoglobin A1c concentration of ≥6.5%, and operation of at least 60 minutes under general anesthesia. Perioperative hypothermia was defined as an intraoperative temperature ≤ 35.5°C. Continuous variables were compared using the t-test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Categorical variables were compared using the chi-squared test. We constructed a multivariable logistic regression model to estimate SSI risk while controlling for demographic variables.

Results:

A total of 236 patients were included in the final analysis. The overall incidence of SSI was 5.93%. 99 patients (42%) experienced PH. No difference was observed in the risk of SSI between the normothermic and hypothermic cohorts. Among the 99 patients who experienced PH, increasing HbA1c was associated with increasing risk of SSI (OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.12 to 5.32, P-value = 0.0222). The multivariable logistic regression model had good discriminatory ability (c-statistic 0.74, 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.89) and good predictive accuracy (sensitivity 64%, specificity 73%).

Discussion:

PH is not an independent risk factor of SSI. However, in the presence of elevated HbA1c, PH may more than double the risk of SSI. Perioperative hypothermia may be an additive risk factor in the setting of poor glycemic control and potentially in the setting of other known risk factors.
Using the Equatorial Talar Line as a Radiographic Predictor of Sanders Type 3 and 4 Calcaneus Fractures and Lateral Wall Blowout
Authors: Jankowski Jaclyn M. , Boe Eric , Combs Kristen C.R. , Thomas John C. , Keller David M. , Zapf Christian G. , Yingling John M. , Liporace Frank A. , Yoon Richard S. , Langford Joshua R.
Published: June 2024

Objective:

To assess the equatorial talar line (ETL) as a sensitive radiographic parameter to predict Sanders type III and IV fractures and the presence of lateral wall blowout.

Methods:

Reliability of the ETL was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and receiver operating curve (ROC) to predict sensitivity. Using lateral ankle radiographs, raters determined whether the calcaneal tuberosity was “above” (predicting Sanders type I or II) or “below” (predicting Sanders type III or IV and lateral wall blowout).

Results:

In determining the “above” or “below” location of the ETL, the calculated ICC was 1.0 for each session. As a predictor of Sanders fracture classification type, the calculated ICC was 0.93 for the first session and 0.89 for the second session for an overall ICC of 0.91. As a predictor of Sanders fracture type, ROC analysis yielded an overall sensitivity of 0.82. As a predictor of lateral wall blowout, ROC analysis yielded an overall sensitivity of 0.81.

Conclusion:

The ETL is a reproducible radiographic parameter that can be reliably used to crudely predict between Sanders type I or II (ETL is “above”) and Sanders type III or IV (ETL is “below”) calcaneus fractures as well as the presence of lateral wall blowout.
Endometrial Scratching by an Office Hysteroscopy for Unexplained Infertility: Predictors of Success and Pregnancy Rate
Authors: Zeena Helmi  , Wassan Nori  , Rana Raad Helmi
Published: June 2024

One-half of the infertile couples have unexplained infertility. The endometrial scratch (es) is believed to cause favorable endometrial inflammation, making it more receptive to an implanted embryo. We aimed to assess the success rate of es in enhancing pregnancy and to identify potential predictors for the successful outcome in couples with unexplained infertility. A case-series study included 268 couples with unexplained infertility attending the university teaching hospital in Baghdad for one year after es by an office hysteroscopy. Patients' socio-demographic factors, fertility history, and history of curettage were studied—the success of getting spontaneous pregnancy after es was studied as the dependent variable. SPSS statistical software was used, and the confidence level was employed to verify reliable predictors. The success rate following es was 44 (16.4%), confirmed by clinical pregnancy. There was a 5% decrease in the success rate of the es for every one-year increase in the female age; risk ratio (rr): 0.95; 95% ci 0.907- 0.995). The previous history of curettage increased the rate of the intervention’s success by more than two times (rr: 2.412; 95% ci: 1.181 - 4.926). Endometrial scratching improved the odds of pregnancy for couples with unexplained infertility. Potential predictors of the success were younger aged females and previous history of curettage.
Path to Enhanced National Accreditation of Basic Medical Education Programs in Libya
Authors: Salem Elfard  , Zinab Elfituri  , Amal Alshebani
Published: June 2024

As Libya continues to strive for excellence in healthcare, national accreditation plays a pivotal role in shaping the future of medical education and improving patient outcomes. In order to realize this objective, greater collaboration has to be maintained between local medical colleges, the National Center for Quality Assurance and Accreditation of Educational and Training Institutions, and other stakeholders. This study aimed to overcome the challenges and barriers medical colleges face in securing the national accreditation of basic medical education programs offered locally. This study critically reviewed the national accreditation process of basic medical education programs offered in Libya. This includes highlighting any weaknesses or shortcomings in the audit process and suggesting means to improve this process. In terms of the methodology followed, this study was survey-based. The questionnaire consisted of three parts covering different audit process aspects. Several key areas for improvement are highlighted as a result. The data was collected through survey auditors. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 27 and a significance level of p < 0.05 was used. Most of the questionnaire respondents were from the University of Benghazi and the University of Zawia. 57.9% of respondents hold PhD degrees. The majority of respondents (57.9%) disagree or strongly disagree on having enough time to review documents; however, 84.2% strongly agree or agree that team size is appropriate. Over 70% agreed there is vague, unclear language in some indicators, and 94.8% agreed that there are similarities and redundancies between some indicators across standards. On the other hand, 31.6% of auditors cited challenges with standard 7, making it the most problematic. Standards 2 and 9 also posed considerable issues based on facing difficulties for 21.1% of auditors. Standard 2 stands out as lacking alignment between program evidence provisions and indicator requirements according to 63.2% of auditors. Focusing on the audit process in all aspects and correcting any areas of weakness would improve the clarity, uniformity, and fairness of the national accreditation process.
Risk Factors Associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Pregnant Women
Authors: Atia Ahmed
Published: June 2024

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represents 84% of hyperglycemia during pregnancy throughout the world. Moreover, being black is a risk factor to develop the disease. Our objective was to determine the prevalence and the associated factors of GDM in Tripoli. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over the period from March to April 2024. We have selected 3 diagnostic laboratories inside Tripoli to collect the data. Pregnant women were enrolled at each center where we had stayed for a week. Majority of participants 42.5% were in the age ≥ 35 years, and the lowest 11.5% were from the age of 20-24 years. The mean body mass index (BMI) was higher 60.5% for those with ≥25 and was lower 39.5% for those ≤25. For gestational ages, most of participants 48.5% were between 24-28 gestational week, while the minority 11.5% were within 24 gestational weeks. The highest percentage 42.5% regarding the parity was for pregnant with Pauciparous (1-4), and minority of participants 92.5% had history for GDM. Careful surveillance is required for these pregnancies in high-risk units for early detection and treatment of possible complications, in order to try to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidities. Further prospective studies among these high-risk populations with gestational diabetes should investigate the efficacy of possible surveillance programs.
Tinjauan Al-Qur’an dan Hadits Tentang Manajemen Waktu (Literature Review)
Authors: Aprima Septi Gia , Arnol Arnol , Satriadi Inong
Published: June 2024

This research aims to find out the concept of time management in the perspective of the Qur'an and Hadith. This research was carried out using a qualitative approach using the literature review method. Various sources were analyzed, namely the Qur'an and Hadith as the main sources of research data, as well as research results published through various journals on the google scholar website. Data generation is carried out using the keywords "time management", and "time management in Islam. The collected data was analyzed qualitatively consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of data analysis show that time management is a very important science to learn and apply in daily life, especially related to the use of time for learning. The Qur'an as a holy book that is used as a guideline for Muslims has provided a way to become a lucky person. Respecting time is a demand that must be done by every Muslim. In the Quran and Hadith, we can find many verses and hadiths that show the importance of respecting time. To make good use of our time, we can create a daily schedule, avoid things that hinder productivity, and pray for the ability to appreciate time. Thus, we can become better and productive Muslims.