bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A UNIVERSALIZAÇÃO DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS E O RELATIVISMO CULTURAL: IMPASSES E PERSPECTIVAS À HUMANIZAÇÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Faverzani da Luz Ariane , Faverzani da Luz Ariele , Faverzani da Luz Janaína , Faverzani da Luz Alex
Published: December 2020

As controvérsias existentes entre a universalização dos direitos humanos e o relativismo cultural são merecedoras de análise no âmbito jurídico, tendo em vista a necessidade de se discutir se é possível estabelecer direitos humanos mínimos que sejam universais, apesar de existirem inúmeras tradições culturais distintas perpetradas pelos grupos sociais que se intensificam com o processo de globalização. Ainda, faz-se imperativo abordar se os Estados estão impelidos a garantir estes direitos, mesmo sendo detentores de soberania e correndo o risco de seu cumprimento se sobrepor à cultura local. Nesse sentido, este artigo, de cunho bibliográfico, objetivou realizar uma concisa análise da universalização dos direitos humanos e do relativismo cultural sob a perspectiva da humanização social. Os seus resultados indicaram a necessidade de um diálogo intercultural em uma democracia deliberativa para a definição de valores mínimos que devem ser tidos como universais, considerando os impactos da globalização e do multiculturalismo. Além disso, os Estados, apesar de detentores de soberania, são os responsáveis por zelar pelo cumprimento dos direitos universais em defesa de um mínimo ético irredutível e da concessão de uma vida digna às pessoas.
QUANTIFYING SEMANTIC SHIFT VISUALLY ON A MALAY DOMAIN SPECIFIC CORPUS USING TEMPORAL WORD EMBEDDING APPROACH
Authors: Tiun Sabrina , Saad Saidah , Mohd Noor Nor Fariza , Jalaludin Azhar , Che Abdul Rahman Anis Nadiah
Published: December 2020

In this study, we propose an alternative approach to analyzing a domain-specific time series corpus for detecting word evolution. The method trains a target corpus in time series into a temporal word embedding (TWE) model. The advantage of TWE is that one can see how the meaning of a word changes over time. We have chosen the TWEC approach to model a Malay domain-specific time-series corpus, the Malaysian Hansard Corpus (MHC), to a TWE model and called the model as MHC-TWEC. Two primary analyses, i.e., self-similarity analysis and user-defined method analysis, were performed to validate the effectiveness of the MHC-TWEC model in quantifying semantic shift on MHC visually. From those analyses, we visually find out that the TWE model can capture the semantic shift in the temporal corpus (the MHC).
The Syndemic Approach in relation to Clinical Practice and Research in Psychiatry
Authors: Parry Sarah J. , Thornicroft Graham
Published: December 2020

The syndemic framework goes beyond the concept of comorbidity and considers how diseases interact within their wider environmental context, along with social and political factors, to mutually exacerbate negative outcomes. The syndemic approach enhances the way mental disorders are understood in terms of their aetiology, treatment and prognosis and therefore influences the direction of clinical practice, policy development and research priorities in the field of psychiatry. Using a syndemic framework to develop mental health policy globally can help address the mental health treatment gap in countries where resources are limited. In Russia, identified syndemics have been of particular relevance to mental disorders and further research using a syndemic framework will continue to build upon the strong background of integrated mental healthcare currently provided.
The Virus Covid-19 and Dilemmas of Online Technology
Authors: Smith Roger
Published: December 2020

Commentary on the COVID-19 pandemic must necessarily consider the medical issues in social and political context. This paper discusses one important dimension of the context, the long-term history of human activity as intrinsically technological in its nature. The pandemic has accelerated the use of technology to mediate relations between people at a distance. This involves not only a change in the skills people have (though acquiring these skills has become the central project of work for many people), but changes the sort of person they are. Our notions of closeness and distance, or of touching and being touched, and so on, refer simultaneously to states that are spatial and emotional, factual and evaluative. Inquiry into the differences in human relations where there is physical presence and where there is not raises very significant questions. What are the differences and why are they thought, and felt, to matter? What are the differences when the relationship is supposed to be a therapeutic one? What are the financial and political interests at work in enforcing relations at a distance by new media, i.e., mediated relations? How is a persons agency affected by a lack of freedom to move or a lack of face-to-face contact? What happens to all those human relations for which physical presence was previously the norm, relations such as those performed in the rituals of birth, marriage and death, or in activities like sport and the arts? Can it be said that new technologies involve a loss of soul? The present paper seeks to provide a reflective and open-ended framework for asking such questions.
A Kisszékelyi-dombság Natura 2000 terület florisztikai vizsgálata
Authors: Vas István
Published: December 2020

A Tolnai-Hegyhát flóráját és növényföldrajzi vonásait feltáró második közleményemben a Hegyhát északi részén, már az erdőssztyep övben fekvő Kisszékelyi-dombság Natura 2000 területről (HUDD20029) közlöm 313 faj előfordulási adatait. Az adatgyűjtést az erdőtársulások mellett gyepekre és vizes élőhelyekre is kiterjesztettem. Ezek az adatok kiegészítik Bartha et al. 2015: Magyarország edényes növényfajainak elterjedési atlasza térképeit is. A helyi erdőzónában végzett korábbi vizsgálatokkal összehasonlítva adataimból látható az eurázsiai-kontinentális flóraelemek térnyerése, és több olyan balkáni, szubmediterrán és mediterrán taxon elmaradása, amelyek még a Hegyhát déli részén előfordultak. A Kisszékelyi-patak kis kiterjedésű élőhelyein értékes és ritka, a területen korábban nem észlelt vizes élőhelytípusokat veszélyeztetnek a közelben végzett szántóföldi munkák.
Kiszáradó kőrislápok a Duna-Tisza közén (Veratro albi-Fraxinetum angustifoliae Kevey et Papp in Kevey 2008)
Authors: Kevey Balázs
Published: December 2020

Jelen tanulmány a Duna-Tisza köze homokvidékének néhány pontján (Dabas: Turjános; Soltszentimre: Kullér-erdő; Páhi: Pecznyik-erdő, Közös-erdő; Tabdi: Tabdi-erdő; Kiskőrös: Szűcsi-erdő; Kecel: Berek-erdő) előkerült reliktum jellegű kiszáradó kőrislápok (Veratro albi-Fraxinetum angustifoliae Kevey et Papp in Kevey 2008) cönológiai leírását tartalmazza 50 felvétel alapján. Ez az asszociáció a mélyebben fekvő láperdők (Fraxino pannonicae-Alnetum glutinosae Soó et Járai-Komlódi in Járai-Komlódi 1958) és a magasabban fekvő tölgy-kőris-szil ligetek (Fraxino pannonicae-Ulmetum Soó in Aszód 1935 corr. Soó 1963) között helyezkedik el, de szukcessziós iránya inkább a gyöngyvirágos-tölgyesek (Polygonato latifolii-Quercetum roboris) felé tart. Faji összetételükben jelentős szerepet játszanak az Alnion glutinosae és a Molinion coeruleae mellett a Quercetea pubescentis-petraeae elemek, míg a Fagetalia fajok csaknem teljesen hiányoznak. Aljnövényzetük legértékesebb fajai: Dryopteris carthusiana, Iris sibirica, Leucojum aestivum, Listera ovata, Ophioglossum vulgatum, Veratrum album, Vitis sylvestris.
MOTIV OF TRANSFORMATION AS ONE OF THE KEY MOBITES OF THE PEOPLE BALADE OF THE SOUTH SLOVENIAN
Authors: Karatsuba M.
Published: December 2020

The proposed article analyzes one of the most representative motifs presented in folk ballads of the Southern Slavs – the motive of transformation. The introductory part argues the importance of applying for consideration of this motive for understanding the genre of the folk ballad in general and the specifics of its existence in the South Slavic territories, in particular. The subject of research attention is Serbian, Croatian, Macedonian, Bulgarian, Bosnian folk ballads – all texts where there is a motive of transformation, and where it has an important meaning. This question is not fundamentally new, as domestic as well as foreign researchers have already turned to certain aspects of the functioning of the motive of transformation in folk ballads. Among researchers from the South Slavic area to this issue practiced almost all the more and less well-known scholars, in the focus of their attention were, however, some varieties of transformations-metamorphosis or their purpose in the context of understanding the ballad text. Despite the general didactic guideline for which the motive is involved in a whole array of ballad texts, the circumstances in which it is used are completely different. The author below aims to demonstrate to what types of metamorphosis we encounter the folk ballads of the Southern Slavs. The author, undoubtedly, stops only at certain episodes of the functioning of the motive of transformation, tracking it on examples from the collections of ballads of individual peoples.
‘THE LETTER ABOUT LATIN’ BY SERHII PYLYPENKO AS THE LITERARY EXPERIMENT
Authors: Levytskyi V.
Published: December 2020

The figure of the writer Serhii Pylypenko is often associated with the initiative to move the Ukrainian language into Latin. A letter with such offer, printed in 1923, attracted the attention of the creative community. So far, this document often has appeared in statements about the system of writing, which is optimal for Ukrainian language. At the same time, its interpretation rarely relates to the realities of the literary process. The purpose of the proposed study is to consider the links between the well-known text about Latin with another trends of activity by Pylypenko and cultural situation in Ukraine of the first third of the twentieth century. A number of motifs for the publication of the letter are revealed due to the chosen viewpoint. They are certifying the personal linguistic interests of the author, encouraging a broad philological discussion, as well as modeling the image of the association ‘Pluh’. As a result, the discourse on Latin represents the peculiar first round of the literary debate of the 1920s.
DISCURSIVE TYPES OF RHYMES
Authors: Movchun L.
Published: December 2020

The article raises the problem of the rhyme classification, in particular, in the matter of supplementing it with actual parameters. Interpretation of the rhymed text as a creative process determines its analysis in two diametrically opposite aspects: individualauthorial and general-cultural. In the discourse of author’s creativity, the rhyme is analyzed in terms of the stability of the component composition, the compliance with the completed text, the mandatory employment. In the discourse of national and world culture, rhymes are analyzed on the basis of intertextuality. The rhyme transformation is described in the direction from the original rhyming compound to the result of its development in the new text. Intertextual rhymes are analyzed according to their perceptual potential, the accuracy of the reproduction of the original rhyme, as well as the contextual parameter.
OKUL ÖNCESİ DÖNEM ÇOCUKLARININ SOSYAL BECERİ DÜZEYLERİNİN ANNELERİNİN EMPATİ BECERİLERİ İLE İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: Atmaca Rana Nur , Gültekin Akduman Gülümser , Şepitci Sarıbaş Merve
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, çocukların sosyal beceri düzeyleri ile annelerinin empatik becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırma, Şanlıurfa ili, Suruç ilçesindeki resmi bağımsız anaokulları ile resmi ilköğretim okullarının anasınıflarına giden 103 çocuk ve annesi ile sürdürülmüştür. Çalışmada veri toplama araçları olarak; anneler ve çocuklar hakkında ki demografik bilgileri elde edebilmek için, “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”; çocukların sosyal beceri düzeylerini ortaya koyabilmek için “Sosyal Beceri Ölçeği” ve annelerin empatik becerilerini ölçmek için “Empatik Beceri Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama araçlarının uygulanması sonucunda elde edilen veriler SPPS paket programında analiz edilmiştir. Analizlerde kategori sayısına göre, bağımsız örneklemler için Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) ile t testi kullanılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda ortaya çıkan anlamlı farklılıkların hangi gruplardan kaynaklandığını tespit edebilmek için Tukey HSD testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, çocuğun sosyal beceri düzeyinin yaşına ve cinsiyetine göre istatiksel açıdan anlamlı bir farklılık gösterdiği (p<0,05); annelerin empati düzeylerinde ise yaşlarının, öğrenim durumlarının ve çalışma durumlarının anlamlı bir farklılığa yol açmadığı (p>0,05) görülmüştür. Yine araştırma sonucunda, çocukların sosyal becerileri ile annelerinin empati becerileri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı saptanmıştır (p>0,05).
Characterizations of the New Poisson-Weighted Exponential and the Exponentiated Weibull-Geometric Discrete Distributions
Authors: Hamedani G.G.
Published: December 2020

Certain characterizations of the new Poisson-weighted exponentiated and the exponentiated Weibull-geometric discrete distributions introduced by Altun(2019) and by Famoye(2019), respectively, are presented here with the intention of completing, in some way, their works.
A study on the obstetric outcome in preterm pre-labour rupture of membranes
Authors: Saraswathy Anusree , Ravindran Ajitha , Vaman Jayshree V. , Nirmala C.
Published: December 2020

Background: The major risks to the baby following preterm pre-labour rupture of membranes (PPROM) are related to the complications of prematurity. Since the goal of management in PPROM is prolongation of pregnancy, the most commonly accepted management scheme for the patient less than 34 weeks is expectant management in the hospital which consists of careful observation for signs of infection, labour or fetal distress in an effort to gain time for fetal growth and maturation.Methods: Patients admitted in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department SAT Hospital, Medical College Trivandrum, Kerala with PPROM meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited for the study. They were followed in the antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal period and the babies were also followed in the postnatal ward. The maternal and neonatal outcome were analysed and studied.Results: Maternal chorioamnionitis developed in 12.1% of cases, abruption 1.7%, puerperal pyrexia 8.8%, early onset neonatal sepsis in 22.9% of cases, congenital pneumonia in 17% cases and neonatal deaths in 6.3% of cases. The mean gestational age at delivery in this study was 33.42 weeks with majority of cases delivering between 32-34 weeks.Conclusions: The study suggests that maternal chorioamnionitis, puerperal pyrexia, congenital pneumonia, early onset neonatal sepsis, neonatal death, and requirement for ICU care occur with increased frequency in cohorts with PPROM. The present study concluded that most common maternal morbidity associated with PPROM was chorioamnionitis, that of neonatal morbidity was prematurity and its complications. A team effort by the obstetrician and neonatologist in a tertiary care setting can ensure healthy and fruitful life for the mother and her baby.
A cross-sectional study on awareness and knowledge of menstrual hygiene practices among college going girls in Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Rajan Palani Vel , Shanmugam Jeevithan , Jayaraj Navee Prabhu , Arumugam Archana
Published: December 2020

Background: Women in India are restricted in their daily activities and mobility due to taboos, cultural barriers associated with menstruation and menstrual practices. Poor menstrual hygiene can make them susceptible to various reproductive tract infections. In this study we assessed the awareness, knowledge of menstruation and practice of menstrual hygiene among adolescents.Methods: A college based cross-sectional study was conducted in the field practice area of an urban health training centre (UHTC) of a tertiary care hospital in the district of Coimbatore. Universal sampling method was used for selection of participants. A structured proforma was used for data collection. Microsoft excel 2007 was used for data entry and data analysis was done using SPSS version 27.Results: It was found that 80.4% had formal education on menstrual hygiene. 94.5% of them had the habit of changing pads/cloths before they go to bed. 94.1% had the habit of washing with water every time and 76.49% of those who had the habit of washing used soap/antiseptic while washing.Conclusions: Knowledge about menstruation and menstrual hygiene should be provided in schools and colleges. Ensuring availability of sanitary products, water, privacy and appropriate waste disposal in all public services and institutions can address the challenges.
Study of Thyroid Disorders in Type 2 Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Singh Ravinder Pal , Goyal Rajan , Gupta Nitin Kumar , Prerna Prerna , Kumar Abhinav
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND Patients with DM are at increased risk of thyroid disease, especially those with poor glycaemic control. The following mechanisms are thought to be responsible. In patients with DM, the nocturnal TSH peak is blunted or abolished; the TSH response to TRH, from the hypothalamus, is impaired thus leading to hypothyroidism. We wanted to study the thyroid disorders in type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients attending a tertiary care hospital. METHODS This is an analytical observational study conducted among 100 type 2 diabetic and 100 non-diabetic patients attending medicine OPD in the Department of General Medicine of Narayan Medical College & Hospital, Jamuhar, Distt. Rohtas over a 6- month period from Oct 2019 to April 2020. RESULTS The mean age of group A and group B was found to be 51.79 ± 10.374 and 49.86 ± 9.538 respectively. In group A (diabetes mellitus patients), 71 (71 %) patients were euthyroid whereas in group B (healthy individuals) 84 (84 %) patients were euthyroid. In Group A (diabetes mellitus group) either subclinical or overt hypothyroidism was seen in 26 (26 %) patients and hyperthyroidism was seen in 3 (3 %) patients. In Group B (healthy individuals) either subclinical or overt hypothyroidism was seen in 14 (14 %) patients and hyperthyroidism was seen in 2 (2 %) patients. CONCLUSIONS The comparison of the patients of control and cases groups on the basis of whether they had a normal or abnormal thyroid function test showed that patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (Group A) were more likely to be having abnormal thyroid function test as compared to healthy individuals (Group B) and this difference was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.027). KEYWORDS Type 2 DM, Hypothyroid, Hyperglycaemia, Hyperthyroid
BMI and Lifestyle Pattern - A Cross Sectional Study among Adolescent School Students in an Urban Area of West Bengal, India
Authors: Naskar Prosenjit , Roy Sima
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND Obesity is one of the serious public health challenges of the 21st century. Studies in urban India showed that overweight / obesity among adolescents varied from 10.45 % to 21 %. Obesity / overweight is a major risk factor for no communicable disease and some cancers. We wanted to determine the prevalence of obesity and related lifestyle behaviour among the adolescent students. METHODS A descriptive study was carried out among adolescent students in an urban area of West Bengal. BMI was assessed according to WHO growth reference for school children (5 - 19 years). Food frequency data and pattern of physical activity was recorded based on GSHS. Adequacy of physical activity was assessed based on set WHO criteria. Data was collected with a self-administered structured schedule. Anthropometric measurements and record review were done. RESULTS 3.5 % were obese. 12.6 % were overweight, 75.3 % were of normal weight, 8.6 % were thin. Daily consumption of vegetables, milk and fruits were 58.1 %, 31.1 % and 9.3 % respectively. Consumption of carbonated soft drink and fast food was low. All consumed iodised salt and 18.2 % consumed extra salt. 23.9 % of the students performed the recommended physical activity. 46 % student used computer, 53.2 % used mobile. Most watched TV. Overweight / obesity was significantly related to type of family, vegetable consumption and history of chronic diseases in the family. CONCLUSIONS About 16.1 % of the students were overweight / obese. Physical activity and dietary pattern were not satisfactory. A substantial number of students used computer, mobile and watched TV. Thus, promotion for intake of healthy diet, adequate physical activity, and regular health check-up is recommended. KEYWORDS Adolescent Students, Lifestyle, Obesity, Urban
Urothelial Neoplasms of Urinary Bladder - A Clinicopathological Correlative Study
Authors: Gisuthan Bindiya , A.S. Sreeganesh , Elias Ruby Elizabeth
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND Transitional cell carcinoma also known as urothelial carcinoma accounts for more than 90 % of all primary tumours of urinary bladder. It is the 4 th most common cancer in men and 8 th most common cancer in women in the western world. Nearly 80 % of patients initially present with bladder tumours confined to mucosa or submucosa. Not grading but detection of infiltration is of much value when dealing with invasive urothelial malignancy. When it invades muscle, it dictates more aggressive treatment. This study was undertaken to correlate the clinical, radiological, and pathological findings in the grading and staging of carcinoma bladder. METHODS This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology for a period of two years. 55 patients with clinical features suggestive of carcinoma bladder were included in the study. Radiological and cystoscopic findings were combined to obtain a clinical staging. Materials included were H&E stained sections of biopsies, TURBT and Cystectomy. Special stains were done in indicated cases. Grading was done using WHO / ISUP grading system and staging using AJCC / UICC staging system. RESULTS 55 cases were studied. Most common age group was 60 - 69 years (40 %) with male preponderance (94.5 %). 100 % of patients presented with haematuria. Cystoscopically most common appearance was fronds (69.1 %) involving right lateral wall (40 %). Of the clinically invasive cases 29 (52.7 %), 19 (65.50 %) were pathologically invasive, 3 (10.3 %) were pathologically noninvasive, 7 (24.10) were insufficient for opinion. Of the clinically noninvasive cases (26), 5 (19.20 %) were pathologically invasive 13 (50 %) were noninvasive and rest were insufficient for opinion. CONCLUSIONS Bladder carcinomas are more common in elderly males. All patients presented with haematuria. Most common site of involvement was lateral walls. Clinicopathological correlation was more in highly advanced cases. KEYWORDS Urothelial Carcinoma, Grading, Staging
Study of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) Expression in Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Lilly Lekshmi Vijayakumaran Nair , Sukumaran Geetha
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND Gastric carcinoma is an important cause of cancer related mortality worldwide. Majority of the patients are diagnosed in the advanced stage of the disease. The main treatment modalities are surgery and chemotherapy, but the survival rate of patients with advanced resectable gastric cancer remains poor. For patients with unresectable gastric cancer, chemotherapy remains the treatment of choice. Into this scenario comes the importance of newer targeted therapeutic agents which improve survival rates with acceptable toxicity effects. HER2 is a growth factor implicated in disease initiation and progression, and its expression is associated with a poor prognosis. The aim of this study is detection of HER2 expression in gastric carcinoma and evaluate its relationship with the histopathological characteristics. This would be the stepping stone for patients with tumours that are HER2 positive who could benefit from targeted therapeutical agents like Trastuzumab. METHODS Gastrectomy specimens which were diagnosed as Gastric Carcinoma in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Trivandrum, during a period of two years were included in this study. Routine Haematoxylin and Eosin staining and immunohistochemistry for HER2 were done. RESULTS Thirty eight cases of gastric carcinoma were received during the study period. Intestinal type adenocarcinoma formed the bulk of the tumours (68.42 %), followed by the diffuse type adenocarcinoma (18.42 %). Of the 38 cases, 10 cases showed HER2 positivity. All the positive cases were intestinal type of adenocarcinomas. CONCLUSIONS Our study concluded that 26 % of gastric carcinomas showed positive immunoreaction for HER2 and HER2 overexpression was more in intestinal type adenocarcinomas. HER2 overexpression was also associated with higher stage tumours. There was no association with the patient’s age, gender, location of tumour and tumour differentiation. KEYWORDS Gastric Carcinoma, HER2 expression, Immunohistochemistry, Lauren Classification
American war movies. David Ayer’s Fury as mythologisation of war and soldiers
Authors: Kępiński Marcin
Published: December 2020

Both pop culture and modern Hollywood cinema are mainly intended for entertainment. American war films are not free from this vice. A researcher of culture should shun attempts to find hidden symbols, myths and flashes of meanings from distant traditional culture in such films. Contemporary popular mythologies do not represent the same mythical pattern that Eliade wrote about. Popular culture consists of ideas on various topics, borrowings, quotations and fragments of meanings, all patched together. In my view, however, Fury goes beyond pop culture and entertainment. After all, there is also good American war cinema and films that are not mindless borrowings or calques of carelessly patchworked pieces of pop culture. One can look at them and find certain cultural tropes and motifs known to specialists in humanities, such as an initiation journey, the symbolic language of eternal myths or archetypal figures of cultural heroes, all in a version transformed by popular culture, of course. The aim of my article is therefore to analyse David Ayer’s film from the perspective of a culture researcher who seeks cultural tropes and sources of the war hero myth in this cinematic work.
Actors in the social world of public drama theatre in Poland during the communist period and in the 21st century. A comparative analysis
Authors: Zimnica-Kuzioła Emilia
Published: December 2020

This article aims to provide a comparative analysis of the social condition of actors during the communist era in Poland and after the political transformation of 1989. The empirical material used by the author includes popular science publications devoted to actors of Polish public drama theatres as well as free-flowing interviews conducted by the author in 2015–2017 with theatre artists representing six Polish theatrical centres. Actors who remember the period of the People’s Republic of Poland well are nostalgic about the past theatrical life, they remember being on familiar terms within theatre teams, anti-rankism, and the inclusion of technical and administrative staff in the community of artists without emphasising hierarchies. Today, the social, ideological and political divides in theatre teams are more noticeable. Distinguished actors are being challenged by young colleagues, while they were held in high regard in the past. Nowadays, multi-active actors demythologise the profession of an actor and point to the decline of the professional ethos.
Accentuating the role of the upbringing society in Korczak’s pedagogy
Authors: Choczyński Marcin
Published: December 2020

The aim of the article is to show the sociological elements in the education process that are present in Korczak’s pedagogy, both in its scientific form as well as in his fiction aimed directly at children. Therefore, society with its educational institutions (family, school, boarding school) is recognized in this pedagogy as an important sphere of symbolic references and educational influences. The key role of society (as the most important educational institution) in shaping pupils is present in commonly known works on the sociology of upbringing (including Florian Znaniecki or Józef Chałasiński), while sociological threads in Korczak’s pedagogy have not been a popular topic of separate analysis so far, apart from one monograph devoted to the subject. Therefore, this topic requires in-depth analyses and afterthought. Janusz Korczak emphasizes the role of society in a child’s life, preparing them primarily for participation in social relations, through diverse forms of group life at school, whose most important achievement is the institution of student self-government. It is thus a bridge between student-oriented education and the traditional pedagogical message, involving the transmission of the requirements of specific social roles.
The potential for correction of depressive disorders in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Bolotova E. V. , Dudnikova A. V. , Trembach V. V.
Published: December 2020

Background: The use of vitamin D in the treatment of depressive disorders in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is justified by its pathophysiology, but it is not always feasible in clinical practice. This may be related to the lack of guidelines for implementation for this patient group, as well as to the inadequate sample of patients with baseline high vitamin D levels or mild psychoemotional distress.

Objective: To assess the changes of psychoemotional status over time in COPD patients against the maintenance of vitamin D levels at>34.3 ng/ml for one year.

Materials and methods: The study included 264 COPD patients randomized into the treatment and control groups (135 and 129 patients, respectively). The patients in both groups were divided into 4 subgroups according to their forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) values and vitamin D levels. All the patients were administered an inactive vitamin D (colecalciferol): in the main group, according to the scheme ensuring maintenance of the micronutrient value above the goal for 12 months, and in the control group according to the standard scheme of correction of vitamin D deficiency. Depression symptoms were assessed in Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) at the beginning of the study and at its end.

Results: After 12 months of vitamin D treatment, the main group showed a statistically significant decrease in the rate of severe depression (14.8% vs 6.7%, χ2=4.67, p=0.04) and an increase in the proportion of patients with normal psychoemotional status (28.2% vs 49.6%, χ2=13.11, p=0.03). In addition, there was a significant difference between the rates of severe depression in the main and control groups after 12 months of treatment: 6.7% vs 14.7% (χ2=4.52, p=0.02).

Conclusion: Maintenance of vitamin D levels above 34.3 ng/ml in COPD patients for 12 months reduces the proportion of patients with severe depression.
CHAMADA PÚBLICA nº. 03/2017 - Dossiê ”Memória, Desigualdade e Polá­ticas Culturais”
Authors: Cavalcante Anissa Ayala
Published: December 2020

A Revista Outros Tempos, do Curso de História da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA), torna pública a chamada de nº 03, para seleção de Artigos, Resenhas e Estudo de Caso, que irão compor o volume 15, número 25, jan./jun, 2018, para o dossiê temático: Memória, Desigualdade e Polá­ticas Culturais, sob organização de:  Antonio Evaldo Almeida Barros, professor da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA/Brasil)Livio Sansone, professor da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA)
Comparative analysis of the levels of soluble forms of receptor and ligand of the immunity control point PD-1 /
PD-L1 in the blood serum of patients with typical bone osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma
Authors: Kushlinskii Nikolay Evgenievich , Alferov A. A. , Boulytcheva I. V. , Timofeev Yu. S. , Korotkova E. A. , Khvan O. T. , Kuzmin Yu. B. , Kuznetsov I. N. , Bondarev A. V. , Shchupak M. Yu. , Sokolov N. Yu. , Efimova M. M. , Gershtein E. S. , Sushentsov E. A. , Aliev M. D. , Musaev E. R.
Published: December 2020

Results of ELISA investigation of the pretreatment sPD-1 and sPD-L1 content in blood serum of 133 bone neoplasms patients aged 6-70 years and 57 practically healthy control persons aged 12-70 years are described. In 14 patients the neoplasms were of a benign character, in 16 - borderline giant-cell bone tumor was diagnosed, and in 103 - malignant bone lesions including 39 osteosarcomas and 42 chondrosarcomas were revealed. The sPD-1 receptor concentrations in blood serum did not differ between control healthy persons and primary bone tumor patients, while serum sPD-L1 level in bone tumor patients was statistically significantly increased (p<0.0000001). By means of ROC curve construction a cut-off sPD-L1 level of 16.5 pg/ml was found that imposed 75,9% sensitivity and 75,4% specificity in relation to healthy control. However, the frequency of sPD-L1 levels exceeding 16.5 pg/ml was approximately similar in benign, borderline and malignant bone tumor patients. Analysis of the pattern of sPD-1 and sPD-L1 circulation in the peripheral blood of patients with the most prevalent malignant bone tumors - osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma - demonstrated that in both sarcoma types sPD-L1 level was significantly higher than in control, but in patients with chondrogenic tumors the soluble ligand sPD-L1 dominates in the circulation, while in those with osteogenic tumors - sPD-1 receptor prevails. In particular, sPD-1 level is statistically significantly higher in patients with typical osteosarcoma than in those with typical chondrosarcoma (p=0.002437), and sPD-L1/sPD-1 concentration ratio in chondrosarcoma is highly significantly more than 2-fold higher than in osteosarcoma (0.81 and 0.35 respectively; p=0.000284). The sensitivity of sPD-L1 ≥16.5 pg/ml test in typical osteosarcoma patients’ group comprised only 70.2%, and in those with typical chondrosarcoma - 84.6%. Serum sPD-1 and sPD-L1 concentrations in osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma patients were not associated with the indices of tumor advancement, its histological grade, localization in the osseous system, and type of affected bone. Thus, it can be concluded that the ratio between circulating soluble forms of the receptor and the ligand of PD-1/PD-L signaling pathway differs between patients with chondrogenic and those with osteogenic tumors, sPD-L1 being diagnostically valuable mostly for chondrogenic bone neoplasms.
Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the
detection of IgG-antibodies to the causative agent of COVID-19 in human serum (plasma)
Authors: Mardanly S. G. , Avdonina A. S. , Mamedova S. G.
Published: December 2020

A new original Russian test kit for the detection of IgG-antibodies to the causative agent of COVID-19 - coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 by the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on a solid-phase «ELISA-SARS-CoV-2-AT-G» has been developed. In comparative tests with similar test systems «Vitrotest® SARS-CoV-2 IgG» (Vitrotest, Ukraine) and «Anti-SARS-Cov-2 ELISA (IgG)» (EUROIMMUN AG, Germany) high diagnostic efficiency of the new test system was shown.
Modern techniques for monitoring wind soil erosion
Authors: Romanovskaya A. Yu. , Savin I. Yu.
Published: December 2020

The article presents a scientific literature review in the field of modern methods of monitoring wind erosion of soils such as: visual indicators of erosion, erosion bridge, close-range photogrammetry, cesium-137 and remote sensing cover. The brief description of each method, advantages and disadvantages, conditions and limitations of their applicability are given. When choosing the method, it is necessary to take into account the monitoring conditions, the area of the territory under consideration and the scale of research, time frames, financial and labor resources. It has been established that the most relevant, economically justified and promising, especially on large territories, are the remote sensing methods, which allow monitoring on different scales, and not only estimating the erosion activity, but also predicting it, thus providing the parties concerned with the necessary information for making right, prompt and timely economic decisions, aimed both at combating wind erosion and elimination of its consequences, and for organizing preventive measures as well. To improve the effectiveness of these methods it is also necessary to create databases, expand and accumulate soil information that can help verify, refine, process and calibrate the satellite data obtained. In order to understand aeolian processes and dust particle transport mechanisms one should create integrated methods that include remote sensing data, meteorological data, on the basis of which the improved models and maps would be developed, and erosion processes would be predicted. The scientific literature is mostly devoted to the interpretation of wind erosion in arid and semi-arid zones. The possibility of satellite monitoring of soil erosion in arable fields remains poorly studied. There are also practically no research results available on the transport of chemicals with micro-particles due to wind erosion. Both in Russia and abroad the attempts are made in soil erosion modelling, but the quality of the models is very limited by the lack of field data required for their calibration and verification. Eroded soils in the country are still identified using ground-based methods. However, field studies can only be conducted in a very limited area, in a few key points, and as a matter of fact it is quite complicated to conduct field studies on actively used agricultural lands.
Mire peat soils of the taiga and sub-taiga zones of West Siberia on a digital model of the soil map of Russia at a scale of 1 : 2 500 000 in terms of the Russian soil classification
Authors: Shishkonakova E. A. , Avetov N. A. , Ananko T. V. , Gerasimova M. I. , Savitskaya N. V.
Published: December 2020

A digital version of the soil map of the Russian Federation, scale 1 : 2.5 M, is being prepared based on the analysis of the attributes of polygons with peat soils in the West-Siberian taiga and sub-taiga zones. The correction was perfomed in 795 polygons (with the total area of 179 483 km2) out of 1 711 polygons considered (with the total area of 262 204 km2). The currently formulated idea of the dominance of oligotrophic bogs in the West Siberian taiga region of mires served as the basis for suggestion to replace the mesotrophic peat soils by oligotrophic ones in 598 polygons of the total area of 87 250 km2. Similarly, the polygons of microcatenas comprising oligotrophic and mesotrophic peat soils (57 polygons, total area of 38 405 km2) were modified: only oligotrophic peat soils were considered to be the dominant ones there. At the same time, a number of polygons with prevailing oligotrophic soils, confined mainly to the sub-taiga zone were proposed to be replaced by polygons with mesotrophic peat soils. The thermokarst pools in ridge-hollow mire complexes that were shown on the soil map of Russia beyond the permafrost zone were eliminated from the map database; the mapping of destructive peat soils was rearranged in accordance with the new interpretation of this taxon in the Russian soil classification. This work should improve the quality of research in the field of assessing the resource potential of peat soils in West Siberia.
On the question of studyng dust-like formations in urban ecosystems
Authors: Ukarkhanova D. T. , Moskovchenko D. V. , Yurtaev A. A.
Published: December 2020

According to the World Health Organization, more than 80% of urban residents are at risk due to unsatisfactory air quality and air pollution, which causes approximately 4.2 million deaths per year. The purpose of the work is to give an overview of scientific articles related to the dustiness of the city’s natural environments. The articles of foreign and Russian researchers were analyzed - the definition of urban road dust was given; the primary technogenic and natural sources of dust particle generation in the city, thephysical and chemical properties of road dust, their dependence on climate, the type of roads and city architecture, the effect of photolysis on physicalchemical characteristics of dust particles are reviewed as well. Particular attention is paid to the negative impact of dust particles PM2.5 and PM10 on human health and the environment. The question of the absence in Russian scientific practice an officially recognized methodology for the settled dust sampling with updating the regulatory documentation on the methodology for the sampling of fine particles suspended in the air is considered. Recommendations are given on the creation of the regulatory framework governing the sampling and analysis of road dust, which is confirmed by the numerous conclusions of both foreign and some domestic researchers as an environmental geo-indicator.
La investigación científica en el proceso de aprendizaje para la enseñanza: educación, sociedad y ciencia
Authors: Villafranqui Cabanillas Wendy
Published: December 2020

La situación de pandemia mundial ha puesto en evidencia que el consumo de noticias falsas, la predilección por artículos de difusión de la ciencia antes que los artículos de investigación científica y la legitimación de las redes sociales como fuentes de información afectan el desarrollo social y mantienen a los involucrados vulnerables, tanto como susceptibles a la desinformación. Así, la necesidad de formar ciudadanos con perfil investigador, interesados por la ciencia y familiarizados con sus discursos resulta imperiosa. En el presente trabajo se pretende, mediante una investigación documentada que engloba estudios sociales, enfoques pedagógicos y análisis discursivos, reflexionar acerca de la relación entre la situación actual del discurso científico con la educación y, en consecuencia, su repercusión en el desarrollo de la sociedad. Al finalizar, se propone un método de trabajo para las entidades de formación docente focalizado en la interacción con textos de investigación científica.
Estrategia digital en pyme del sector retail que permita el incremento de ventas
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Huayllas Iriarte Alesandro Anthony , Reinaltt Higa Betsy Andrea
Published: December 2020

El presente proyecto de tesis tiene como finalidad aprovechar las ventajas de implementar estrategias digitales en las pymes. En este caso, se implementa la estrategia digital a una empresa peruana que se dedica a la venta de carteras y accesorios. Esta estrategia se crea a partir de la implementación de un modelo de medición propuesto que se adecua a las necesidades del negocio. El modelo propuesto se basa en un framework de medición complementado con metodologías, indicadores, métricas e investigaciones relacionadas al social media con el fin de que se construya una estrategia digital acorde a las necesidades de la pyme en la cual se desea implementar. Como contenido de la estrategia y para cumplir con los objetivos propuestos, se crean proyectos; los cuales, mientras están en ejecución, son monitoreados constantemente por medio de herramientas digitales y cuya data obtenida se analiza con el fin de identificar puntos de mejora que permitan optimizar la estrategia digital. De esta manera, la pyme tiene una mejor visión del desempeño generado para una mejor toma de decisiones. Finalmente, después de un periodo de ejecución de los proyectos y constante monitoreo por medio de las herramientas digitales, se otorga a la empresa cliente un plan de continuidad que asegure la estabilidad y el mantenimiento de la estrategia propuesta.
As Slaves and Not Vassals: Interethnic Claims of Freedom and Unfreedom in Colonial Peru
Authors:   University of Notre Dame. Estados Unidos, Graubart Karen
Published: December 2020

Across much of the Spanish empire in the Americas, indigenous and African-descent peoples lived in close contact. The entangled nature of labor, both in urban centers and on massive complexes, gave them the opportunity to measure themselves against one another. Law that developed across the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries suggested an eventual clarity about their separate conditions, but experience revealed the muddiness of both definitions and enforcement. Indigenous and Black subjects used those colonial discourses about freedom and hierarchy to understand their own positions and to argue for comparable protections and privileges. Rather than consider indigenous and Black lives separately, the essay argues for a more integrative approach to reading legal documents produced by and about them.
O wpływie doświadczeń realnego socjalizmu na teorię dogmatyki prawa. W stronę demokratycznej teorii prawa?
Authors: Zomerski Wojciech
Published: December 2020

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ukazanie wpływu, jaki na rodzimą teorię dogmatyki prawa miało doświadczenie realnego socjalizmu. W tym celu najpierw pokrótce rekonstruuję krytykę dog-matyki w nurcie marksistowskim. Następnie omawiam dwie koncepcje dogmatyki prawa powstałe w tym okresie i zestawiam je z współczesną interpretacją dogmatyki prawa. Pokazuję, że obraz dogmatyki prawa w rodzimej refleksji teoretycznej jest paradoksalny, ale stabilny — dogmatyka jest postrzegana jako nauka podobna do nauk ścisłych, a jednocześnie akcentuje się jej daleko idącą autonomię względem tekstu prawnego oraz woli ustawodawcy. Jednocześnie zwracam uwagę na wewnętrzne napięcia w ramach przedmiotowych koncepcji, co ostatecznie prowadzi mnie do posta-wienia tezy, iż miały one charakter nie tyle opisowy czy normatywny, ile legitymizacyjny — były obliczone na ochronę autonomii dogmatyki i opracowywanego przez nie prawa. Staram się objaśnić ten fenomen, a następnie zwracam uwagę na ryzyka z tym związane i argumentuję, że obecnie ak-tualizuje się zapotrzebowanie na demokratyczną teorię prawa.
Budżet obywatelski, obowiązek sporządzania i utrwalania pisemnego wykazu głosowań radnych oraz obowiązek transmitowania i utrwalania obrad organów stanowiących i kontrolnych jako przejawy zwiększenia udziału członków wspólnot samorządowych w procesie fu
Authors: Baranowska-Zając Wioleta
Published: December 2020

Jednym z celów nowelizacji samorządowych ustaw ustrojowych wprowadzonej ustawą z dnia 11 stycznia 2018 roku było zwiększenie udziału obywateli (członków wspólnot samorządo-wych) w procesie funkcjonowania i kontrolowania organów jednostek samorządu terytorialnego. W artykule przeprowadzono analizę dodanych do ustaw samorządowych przepisów ustanawiają-cych instytucje budżetu obywatelskiego, obowiązku sporządzania i utrwalania pisemnego wykazu głosowań radnych, obowiązku transmitowania i utrwalania obrad organów stanowiących i kontro-lnych, a także dokonano próby oceny realizacji za pomocą tych instytucji celu postawionego przez twórców nowelizacji.
Prokuratorska kontrola prawa miejscowego
Authors: Dorochowicz Marcin , Kapica Kamil
Published: December 2020

Na wzór leninowski polska prokuratura ma kompetencje do podejmowania działań poza-karnych, w tym kontroli uprzedniej i następczej prawa miejscowego. Artykuł omawia zarówno stan prawny, w tym jego pochodzenie, jak i praktykę stosowania przepisów o kontroli prokuratorskiej prawa miejscowego, oceniając, czy kompetencje w tym zakresie rzeczywiście przyczyniają się do umacniania praworządności, oraz wskazując ich niedostatki.
Polityczność w praktyce orzeczniczej — w rozmowach o państwie prawa z Ewą Łętowską, Andrzejem Zollem, Andrzejem Wróblem
Authors: Kaczmarek Przemysław
Published: December 2020

W prezentowanym artykule starałem się wykazać obecność tematyki polityczności w pol-skiej debacie o praktyce orzeczniczej. Realizując ten cel, najpierw przedmiotem uwagi czynię roz-mowy z Ewą Łętowską, Andrzejem Zollem i Andrzejem Wróblem, które przeprowadził Krzysztof Sobczak. Następnie odpowiadam na pytanie, jak rozumiana polityczność wyłania się z tych rozmów. Wypełniając to zadanie, odwołuję się do słownika pojęć zaproponowanego przez Michaela Oakeshotta.