bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relation Of Placenta Previa With History Of Previous Cesarean Section And Miscarriages
Authors:   MBChB, SHO of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sulaimani Maternity Teaching Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Ahmed Tarza Taha , Nasir Sallama Kamel ,   MBChB, Iraqi and Arabic Board in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assistant Professor in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sulaimani Maternity Teaching Hospital, College of Medicine/University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Published: March 2024

Background and objectives: The factors that increase the risk of placenta previa in subsequent pregnancies include past miscarriages and the scar from a previous cesarean operation. This study aimed to determine whether a history of cesarean section or miscarriage was related to placenta previa at Sulaimani Maternity Teaching Hospital. Methods: At the Sulaimani Maternity Teaching Hospital, this case-control study was conducted between the 11th of September 2021 to the 31st of June.2022. A total of 100 women provided information, which was divided into two groups: Group A, which included 50 pregnant women with gestational ages between 30 and 40 weeks and confirmed placenta previa, and Group B, which included 50 pregnant women randomly selected with pregnancy lengths of 30 to 40 weeks and the placenta was in its usual location. Detailed history was taken from each woman, through this the relationship of placenta previa with previous cesarean section and miscarriages was studied. Results: The results of this study revealed that prior cesarean sections were previously performed in 74% of cases of placenta previa, compared to 46% of controls (p value = 0.004). In addition; there was no correlation between placenta previa and prior miscarriages (p value= 1.000), and a highly significant correlation was seen between the rise in previous cesarean deliveries and the presence of accreta (p value = 0.003). Conclusion: The likelihood of placenta previa in subsequent pregnancies is dramatically increased in this study by past cesarean deliveries; previous miscarriages have no significant impact on placenta previa development.
Wanita Bekerja, Antara Karir Dan Keluarga
Authors: Lili Hidayati
Published: March 2024

Women are men's partners, their presence has a very important role. Not only in a household but also in all lines of life. The wheels of the economy, government, health and so on cannot be separated from the influence and role of women. However, the discussion about the role of women in human life never stops. Between the two sides never stop debating it. Men feel more superiority while women feel they have equal abilities.
Menggambar Animasi Dalam Tinjauan Kaidah Al Ashlu Fi Asyai Al Ibaha
Authors: Karlin Permata Suri
Published: March 2024

Images that can move and look real are known as animation which is currently not only enjoyed by children as a form of learning while playing, but animation has also become entertainment for teenagers and adults. In the early days of Islam, drawing was an act that was prohibited because pictures were made for the purpose of being revered and they were often worshiped. This of course can affect people who have just embraced Islam because it can affect their firmness in believing that Islam is the true religion, because this is a habit that they often do when they are not yet a Muslim. This continues to be believed by the Muslim community as an act that is prohibited in Islam until today's modern times. This research focuses on the act of drawing animation in terms of the fiqh rules of al-Ashlu fi Asyai al-Ibaha with the formulation, First, why is drawing still referred to as an unlawful act in modern times. The second is how the rule of al-Ashlu fi asyai al ibahah is applied in the problem of drawing animation in today's modern times. The results of this study are, First, the act of drawing was prohibited at the beginning of the Islamic period which caused it to continue to be believed today because it was feared that the images made would be used to worship or get blessings from people they believed were holy, which of course this was acts that associate partners with Allah SWT. Second, the rule of al-Ashlu fi asyai al-Ibahah is a rule that can be applied to this act of drawing, bearing in mind that drawing at this time has a lot of benefits arising from its harm such as entertainment, education, business and others, so it needs to be understood that drawing is basically an act that is permissible as long as it does not lead to things that are forbidden..
IMPLEMENTASI PENDEKATAN TEKNOLOGI DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM MERDEKA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Prasetyo Arif
Published: March 2024

Pengembangan kurikulum dengan pendekatan teknologi merupakan salah satu dari beberapa model pendekatan dalam pengembangan kurikulum. Pendekatan teknologi dirasa sangat relevan untuk di terapkan pada sekolah MI/SD karena pada saat ini sudah masuk pada zaman revolusi industri. Oleh sebab itu dalam pengembangan kurikulum pada sekolah dasar MI/SD perlu mengimplementasikan pendekatan teknologi dalam pengembangan kurikulum. Bahkan saat ini sedang diterapkannya kurikulum merdeka yang bertujuan untuk memberikan kebebasan yang lebih besar kepada siswa dalam menentukan jalannya pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis penggunaan pendekatan teknologi dalam pengembangan kurikulum merdeka di sekolah dasar. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kajian literatur dan kualitatif, yaitu mencari data dari sumber-sumber penelitian terdahulu yang relevan, kemudian wawancara mendalam bersama guru-guru SD/MI yang telah menerapkan pendekatan teknologi pada kurikulum merdeka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pendekatan teknologi dapat meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi pembelajaran, serta dapat memfasilitasi siswa dalam mencapai tujuan-tujuan belajar yang telah ditetapkan. Namun, ditemukan juga beberapa kendala seperti minimnya akses terhadap teknologi di lingkungan sekitar atau kesulitan dalam mengintegrasikan teknologi ke dalam kurikulum secara menyeluruh. Oleh karena itu, penulis merekomendasikan perlunya dukungan dari berbagai pihak untuk menjadikan implementasi pendekatan teknologi sebagai bagian penting dari pengembangan kurikulum merdeka di sekolah dasar.
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN PATIENTS WITH CANCER (ANALYSIS OF LITERARY SOURCES)
Authors: Федорец В.Н. , Вологдина И.В. , Василенко В.С. , Порошина Е.Г. , Красильникова Л.А.
Published: March 2024

Фибрилляция предсердий (ФП) является одним из наиболее часто встречающихся и прогностически неблагоприятных осложнений заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой системы. С помощью баз данных Elibrary.ru, PubMed, Scopus и сетевого приложения ResearchGate был проведен всесторонний поиск публикаций, анализирующих взаимосвязь фибрилляции предсердий и онкологических заболеваний. В обзоре литературы рассмотрено 45 публикаций о распространенности ФП у онкологических больных, влиянии противоопухолевых препаратов и других методов лечения на данную группу пациентов. В число подобных статей входят клинические рекомендации, согласованные мнения экспертов и ранее опубликованные обзоры литературы. Рекомендации по менеджменту фибрилляции предсердий у пациентов, получающих противоопухолевое лечение, изложены с позиции уровней и классов доказательности Рекомендаций по кардиоонкологии Европейского общества кардиологов (2022).

Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common and prognostically unfavorable complications of the cardiovascular system diseases. А comprehensive search was conducted using the databases Elibrary ru, PubMed, Scopus and the ResearchGate network application for analyzing the relationship of atrial fibrillation and oncological diseases. The literature review reviewed 45 publications on the prevalence of AF in cancer patients, the effect of antitumor drugs and other treatment methods on this group of patients. Analyzed articles include clinical recommendations, consensus expert opinions, and previously published literature reviews. Recommendations for the management of atrial fibrillation in patients receiving anticancer treatment are presented from the perspective of the levels and classes of evidence of the 2022 ESC Guidelines on cardio-oncology.
Optimalisasi Fungsi Manajemen Majelis Taklim At-Taufiqy Wonopringgo Pekalongan sebagai Upaya Transmisi Pemahaman Islam Intensif
Authors: Salsa Lana Salsabila , Nur Fatin Lu'luatus Solikha  , M. Slamet Saerozi  , Khoirunnisa  , Qomariyah
Published: March 2024

Majelis taklim secara hakikatnya menjadi tempat sandaran Masyarakat muslim reformis dalam Upaya menempuh kaffahnya paham agama Islam yang intensif. Bahkan, dimengerti bersama bahwa historisme eksistensi majelis taklim sudah muncul pada era sang Rasul revolusioner yang menuai esensi dakwah Islam merupakan kemuliaan atas kemerdekaan intelektual manusia menuju kehidupan kekal yang aman. Kehadiran majelis taklim khususnya majelis taklim at-taufiqy demikian menjadi salah satu kegembiraan umat muslim atas kesadaran manusia untuk sama-sama menghantarkan manusia lain pada kematangan beragama. Tujuan penelitian atas peran Lembaga Pendidikan non-formal ditinjau dari fungsi manajemen pelaksanaan majelis taklim. Kelangsungan daya kualitas majelis taklim pun sesekali perlu dianalisa mendalam untuk sekaligus menuai solusi melalu metode field research. Sehingga, kejanggalan yang ditemukan dalam beberapa praduga dapat diresolusikan melalui strategi manejemen majelis taklim atas tinjauan dua kekritisan fondasional dan operasional majelis taklim.
Exploring the Effects of Emotional Intelligence on Students’ Academic Performance: A case of university students in KPK, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Farooq Nawaz , Imad Maryum , Shakir Huma
Published: March 2024

This research article is focused on exploring the effects of emotional intelligence on students academic performance of university of Swat. The ability to understand and control one’s emotion effectively is known as emotional intelligence. By improving and understanding our emotions we can become more understanding and fit within our working environment. This helps not only in improving our interpersonal communication but also help us emotionally more stable. In terms of students it helps students to be exhibit more stable behavior and also be more focused on their academics and the relevant tasks related with that they are required to perform as students. In order to be able to be emotionally stable and have full understanding about the one’s own individuality. It also include understanding and awareness about our own emotional flaws which carries equal importance as knowing about one’ positive traits. Since students are required to perform different task and to face different stressful situations it is of high value that they respond to such situation in a balance and mature way. Therefore it is important to find out the link between the students emotional intelligence, academic performance and their all-round success. Mean score of 3.60 shows agreement among participants regarding their capability to control emotions, even in stressful situations. Mean score of 3.74 shows students willingness towards understanding their emotions and towards understanding other’s point of view. Similarly a mean score of 3.63 shows students ability to mold themselves into different situations. Score of 3.54 reveals the importance of emotion in terms of decision making. Data also shows students agree about the positive co-relation about academic performance and emotional intelligence .
Synthesis of Monodisperse Silica Nanospheres and Titania Beads from Rotating Cylinder System
Authors: NGUYEN Thi Thu Hien , SUNG Sohyeon , TRAN Quang Hai , CHO Young-Sang
Published: March 2024

Economic raw materials such as low-grade ethanol and Tetraethyl Ortosilicate (TEOS) were adopted as reactants for the synthesis of monodisperse silica nanospheres using a Taylor Vortex flow reactor with a rotating cylinder system. Factors affecting the mean diameter and size distribution of the silica grains were investigated by changing the rotating speed of the inner cylinder and the composition of reactants. In the case of titania beads, grain diameter size was adjusted by changing the amount of precursor (titanium (IV) isopropoxide, TIP), hexadecylamine (HDA) or Potassium Chloride (KCl) and reaction temperature as well as the rotation speed of the cylinder. As a demonstrative application, titania beads could be used for the removal of organic dye as a model contaminant dissolved in an aqueous medium using a photocatalytic decomposition system.
Perspective Chapter: Health Insurance across Worldwide Health Systems – Why it Matters Now
Authors: Igbo Alobo Gabriel
Published: March 2024

Quality of health and life expectancy is increasing globally as countries deploy different national health insurance schemes. The universal health coverage index increased from 45 in 2000 to 67 in 2019 with the fastest growth coming from sub-Saharan Africa at an average rate of 2.6% per annum from 2010 to 2019. Life expectancy increased from 66.8 years in 2000 to 73.3 years in 2019. Number of health workers also increased by about 29%. Between 2000 and 2017, catastrophic health expenditures increased by 3% and 1%, using 10% and 25% of family income spent on health respectively. At a global UHC score of 67, the maternal mortality ratio was 132/per 100,000 live births, neonatal mortality rate, and infant mortality rates were 13, and 26 per 1,000 live births, respectively, which are below the respective SDG targets. Unimmunized (zero dose) infants increased by 5 million between 2019 and 2021. Health insurance coverage remains low with about one billion or 13% of the world population impoverished by catastrophic health expenditures. To meet the SDG target by 2030 SDG, the time for nations to act is now.
On 5G, 6G, mmWave Usage in Colonoscopy
Authors: S. Altmayer Kumud
Published: March 2024

For reliable communication, binary hypothesis testing is important to find the error probability. The interest has been growing in short and medium blocklengths also called short packets to implement in the modern day wireless communication system. The colonoscopy diagnosis now uses mmWave which is 5G and 6G. This is utilised for design models to enhance the image technology in the diagnosis of colonoscopy, and endoscopy to facilitate medical practitioners. There is a possibility to use these techniques in medical equipment for real-time support to physicians and operator-independent prediction. The 5G and eventually 6G would enable the expansion to faster processing of data analysis and medical imaging technology.
Parameter Affinity Estimation of Rhizobacterial Cocktail Formulations for Hydrocarbon Degradation Using Locally Available Substrates in Crude Oil-Impacted Soil
Authors: E. Agbaji Joseph , Effiong Enobong , C. Iheanacho Godwin
Published: March 2024

This chapter focuses on the estimation of parameter affinity in rhizobacterial cocktail formulations for bio-recovery of crude oil-impacted soil. The topic relied on a study investigating the utilization of locally available substrates in ecologically disturbed ecosystems, with a focus on the rhizosphere of weeds growing on aged crude oil-impacted soil in the Niger Delta region. The identified rhizobacterial isolates: Achromobacter agilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Staphylococcus lentus, are renowned for significant biodegradative potentials. The researchers assessed the impact of different parameters on growth dynamics of these isolates. By utilizing agro-residues like corn chaff as carbon source, corn steep liquor for nitrogen, and poultry droppings for phosphorus, as sources of limiting nutrients, the researchers varied factors like nutrient availability, pH levels, and temperature to estimate the affinity of these parameters for growth formulations and bioremediation capabilities by fitting the substrate utilization data into a Growth Kinetics Models. Data obtained revealed the isolates’ affinity for different substrates and provide valuable insights for optimizing the composition and performance of rhizobacterial cocktails for efficient hydrocarbon degradation in crude oil-impacted soil. Additionally, they underscored the potential of locally available substrates and microbial flora as effective tools for bio-recovery of crude oil-impacted soil.
Perspective Chapter: GIS and Remote Sensing in Assessing Interdependencies within Oil and Gas Infrastructure
Authors: Abdalla Rifaat
Published: March 2024

The chapter provides a conceptual model rather than a complete analysis case study-based approach to comprehensively assess interdependencies within the oil and gas sector. Delving into the intricate connections among pipelines, refineries, drilling operations, and transportation networks, the chapter elaborates on the utility of advanced GIS and remote sensing techniques rather than employing them directly in assessing interdependencies within the oil and gas sector. Emphasizing the significance of collaborative data sharing, the chapter visualizes relationships and elucidates the imperative of proactive management practices to fortify resilience. Through detailed case studies and practical instances, it vividly illustrates the possible tangible outcomes of such analysis, offering valuable insights into emergency preparedness, risk mitigation, and resource allocation optimization within the industry. Catering to professionals, researchers, and stakeholders navigating the complex web of dependencies within oil and gas infrastructure, this chapter serves as an essential resource. It ensures stability and uninterrupted functionality, even in the face of unforeseen emergencies and disruptions, by facilitating a profound understanding of the connections and aiding in the implementation of effective strategies to manage them effectively.
Phototherapy: safe and effective use of light in neonatal care
Authors: Carvajal de la Osa Janet , Díaz Roller Yenisel , Aguiar Ramos Iosvany
Published: March 2024

Light is a very effective tool for the treatment of neonates with problems at birth. It includes different wavelengths that can cause damage for different reasons when misused. Taking into account the characteristics of the light rays applied to neonates is important in the field of phototherapy, for the application of good clinical practices and prudent avoidance, in risk management. In this chapter, research on the application of phototherapy will be presented, highlighting the non-visible risks of using light in incubators and thermal cradles. In addition, recommendations will be made about specific aspects regarding the use and application of light for both neonate. The results show that the application of phototherapy increases the levels of electromagnetic radiation. Therefore, it must be taken into account that, although it is of vital importance for the care of preterm neonates, artificial light is a tool whose operation depends on electrical energy and represents a risk that could subsequently affect their state of health.
Regional disparities of Immigration-related conflict risks: the case of Estonia
Authors: Ainsaar Mare , Maasing Helina , Kovaljov Ave , Nahkur Oliver
Published: March 2024

Regional disparities are one of the sources of social inequality. The empirical study is based on theoretical concept of components of immigration-related ethnic conflicts. The chapter analyses immigration-related conflict risks sources. These conflicts manifest as tensions arising from the interaction between newcomers, often hailing from diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds, and the established population. This study provides insights into immigration-related ethnic conflict risk levels across 75 Estonian municipalities, offering an understanding of regional risk factors and regional distribution of risks. Using the risk components, we quantify immigration-related conflict risk and use hierarchical cluster analysis to categorize municipalities into distinct types by interaction of conflict components. The empirical analyses reveal segregation of immigration-related ethnic conflict risk; however, this risk varies significantly among different municipality groups and is to a certain extent related with immigration. Three different groups of municipalities can be distinguished in Estonia. A total of 30% of all municipalities have elevated risk levels. In these municipalities, the readiness for conflict is higher than linear interaction with migration rates would predict. We conclude that immigration-related ethnic conflicts are dynamic phenomena shaped by the interplay of immigration processes and pre-existing ethnic divisions within societies.
Algorithm for Calculating Coordinates of Images in an Optoelectronic Device with a Matrix Photodetector
Authors: Pachkov Viktor
Published: March 2024

The algorithm described below simulates the functions of an optoelectronic CCD array angle meter. This algorithm makes it possible to generate implementations of useful signals from point emitters, external interference, and internal noise, as well as their additive mixture at the output of the device. In addition, it makes it possible to solve the problem of extracting a useful signal from a mixture with a constant background and external and internal noises, as well as determine the coordinates of images of emitters and evaluate the accuracy of determining these coordinates.
Comparison Between 3 Different Norepinephrine Bolus Doses for Management of Postspinal Hypotension During the Caesarean Section for Patients with Preeclampsia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Arafa Mohamed S , Khattab Sara A. , El Salamony Ahmad , Abdelnasser Amr , Elsakka Ahmed
Published: March 2024

Background: There is no established dose for norepinephrine (NE) in the management of postspinal hypotension. The data on its use in women with preeclampsia (PE) are limited. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effect of using different NE bolus doses for the management of postspinal hypotension during lower segment cesarean section for patients with PE. Methods: This randomized, double-blind trial included mothers with PE scheduled for cesarean delivery who developed postspinal hypotension. Sixty participants were allocated to receive 3, 4, or 5 µg of NE bolus. The primary outcome was the neonatal bicarbonate level. The secondary outcomes were successful management of hypotension, incidence of reactive hypertension, nausea, vomiting, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and heart rate (HR) readings through the operation, umbilical blood gases, and Apgar scores. Results: The number of hypotensive episodes, bradycardia episodes, successfully treated hypotensive episodes, and total NE dose per patient were lower in the 4- and 5-µg groups compared with the 3-µg group. Systolic blood pressure was generally higher in the 4- and 5-µg groups than in the 3-µg group starting from 12 min postspinal till 28 min postspinal. The heart rate decreased compared to the baseline reading starting from 4, 6, and 2 min postspinal in the 3-, 4-, and 5-µg groups, respectively, till 28 min postspinal. Also, HR was higher in the 4- and 5-µg groups compared to the 3-µg group at 6-12 min postspinal. Following the first NE bolus, SBP remained lower than the baseline reading in the 3 groups, and HR decreased compared to the baseline reading in the 3- and 5-µg groups only. Conclusions: The 3-, 4-, and 5-µg doses had comparable efficacy in managing the first hypotensive episode and comparable neonatal outcomes. The 4- and 5-µg doses significantly decreased the total NE requirements and the number of hypotensive episodes. The incidence of maternal bradycardia was not significantly different between the groups.
Special Real-time PCR and Conventional PCR for Detection of Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis
Authors: Bahrami Naghmeh , Jamaati Hamidreza , Farzanegan Behrooz , Azim Nejad Rezvan , Mohammadi Farnoush , Naghdi Mraj , Fotook Kiaei Seyedeh Zahra , Mohamadnia Abdolreza
Published: March 2024

Background: Mucormycosis is an invasive fungal infection that occurs in immunodeficiency patients and belongs to infections caused by mucoral fungi, such as Rhizopus and Rhizomucor. Objectives: This study investigated the identification and detection of the mucor fungus in tissue samples and other samples by the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Methods: This was a cross-sectional-descriptive study. A total of 80 tissue samples were collected from referring patients to diagnose fungi with the opinion of a specialist doctor. After extracting deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from the samples, PCR and real-time PCR tests were performed using specific primers for mucor and universal-pan and compared to culture. The results were confirmed by sequencing. Results: In this study, 80 samples were examined. In the PCR method, 74 and 75 cases of fungi were confirmed from the DNA obtained from the colonies and tissues, respectively. By using a specific primer for mucor, 12 patients were reported as positive for mucor. Additionally, 76 and 77 cases of fungi were confirmed in the real-time PCR method from the DNA obtained from the colonies and tissues, respectively, and positive cases were reported. By using specific primers and the real-time PCR test for mucor, 16 cases of mucor were reported from colonies, and 15 cases of mucor were reported positive from tissues. Conclusions: This study showed that real-time PCR and PCR are high-speed and more accurate methods than the culture test in identifying its species and have acceptable results in clinical cases.
Cellular Mechanisms Associated with Neurodevelopmental Alterations Produced by General Anesthetics
Authors: Trujillo Mejia Alexander , Herrera Gomez Paula Marcela
Published: March 2024

: There is concern about neurodevelopmental disturbances associated with exposure to general anesthesia during early childhood. In 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration released a safety alert regarding the use of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonists and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists in pediatric anesthesia, warning about the risks of their use during the last trimester of pregnancy and in children under 3 years for neurodevelopment. Animal and in vitro studies demonstrate worrisome morphological and functional alterations in young neurons and glia induced by different anesthetic drugs. These drugs can induce changes in various neuronal transmission systems, alter dendritic growth and brain connectivity, and initiate processes leading to cell demise, such as aberrant cell cycle reentry, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, neuroapoptosis, disruption of cytoskeletal assembly, and dysregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF). Additionally, they can generate epigenetic changes that can be transmitted intergenerationally. These effects are related to age, dose, number of anesthetics received, and duration of exposure to said drugs and can be reversible or permanent, caused by direct or indirect perturbations on neurons. These disturbances may manifest as neurodevelopmental disorders later in life. This work aimed to review the cellular mechanisms involved in these alterations.
Genetic Variation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Influenza A/H3N2 Hemagglutinin Gene in Shiraz, Southern Iran: Implications for Influenza Control and Vaccine Development
Authors: Edalat Fahime , Pirbonyeh Neda , Sarvari Jamal , Arefinia Nasir , Kadivar Mohammad Rahim , Rashidi Omid , Moattari Afagh
Published: March 2024

Background: Variation in the hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza A/H3N2 can affect antigenicity and virulence, potentially leading to the emergence of vaccine escape variants and antigenic shift viruses. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic variation of the HA gene to enhance global influenza virus surveillance. Objectives: The primary objectives of this research included molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the influenza A/H3N2 HA gene. Therefore, this research aimed to contribute valuable insights to influenza surveillance efforts on a global scale by identifying the variants associated with vaccine escape and antigenic shift. Methods: RNA extraction was performed on 300 nasopharyngeal swab samples from patients with influenza-like illness using a commercial kit. The presence of influenza A/H3N2 was determined using qRT-PCR. Subsequently, positive samples underwent HA gene amplification through RT-PCR using the Sanger method. Variability in HA immunological sites was compared with reference sequences, and genotype/subtype was determined. Alignment and phylogenetic analyses were conducted to construct a tree utilizing an optimal nucleotide substitution model Results: Among the 300 samples, 22 (7.33%) tested positive for influenza A/H3N2, with a male distribution of 13 cases. The mean age of the participants was 35 ± 2.40 years. The analysis of antigenic site mutations revealed significant variations (A, B, D, and E) in the HA gene, with major mutations at positions 140 and 186. Noteworthy mutations such as S159Y and the previously undocumented K83R substitution at antigenic site E. Phylogenetic analysis classified the A/H3N2 strain into clades 3C.2a and 3C.3. Conclusions: The identified mutations in the HA gene suggest potential changes in antigenicity, emphasizing their relevance to vaccine development and surveillance strategies. It is recommended that ongoing molecular investigations be conducted for effective influenza control; also, the ongoing need to monitor influenza viruses is suggested to be highlighted. This research provides valuable insights necessary for maintaining efficient influenza control measures globally.
MODELO DE SUSTENTABILIDAD Y GESTIÓN DE PARQUES URBANOS: Herramientas para la construcción de un tool-kit en base a un estudio de referentes
Authors: Arizaga Ximena , Moreno Osvaldo , Tapia Josefina
Published: March 2024

The National Urban Parks Policy (2021) seeks the development of green areas of more than 2 hectares in all the cities of Chile, while recognizing that the management and maintenance of urban parks is one of the main challenges. In order to define a methodology for improving the management and operation of parks and green areas, a case study was carried out aimed at identifying good international practices in sustainability models and management of Urban Parks. Based on this analysis, the methodology defines an "ideal model" and seeks to understand how gaps could be solved and efficient management achieved through the systematization of a catalog: institution, administration, financing and uses. This, together with the characterization of community needs and capacities, makes it possible to define a Tool-kit of instruments for the Sustainability and management of Urban Parks adapted to different municipal’s realities and scales of parks.
 
Keywords: Urban Parks, Sustainability, Green Infrastructure, Management

La Política Nacional de Parques Urbanos (2021) busca el desarrollo de áreas verdes de más de 2 hectáreas en todas las ciudades de Chile a la vez que reconoce como uno de los principales  desafíos la gestión y mantención de los parques urbanos. Con objeto de definir una metodología para el mejoramiento de la  gestión y operación de los parques y áreas verdes, se realizó un estudio de casos orientado a identificar las buenas prácticas internacionales en modelos de sustentabilidad y gestión de Parques Urbanos. Sobre esta base, la metodología propone la definición de un “modelo ideal”, y busca comprender cómo se podrían solucionar las brechas para alcanzar una gestión eficiente, a través de la sistematización de las materias abordadas en el catálogo: institucionalidad, administración, financiamiento y usos. Lo anterior, junto con la caracterización de las necesidades y capacidades comunales permite definir un Tool-kit de instrumentos para la sustentabilidad y gestión de Parques Urbanos adaptable a distintas realidades y escalas de parques.
 
 Palabras clave: Parques Urbanos, Sustentabilidad, Infraestructura Verde, Gestión.
USO E APROPRIAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO PÚBLICO: Um estudo de caso na Praça Santos Dumont em Florianópolis (SC)
Authors: Lima Felisberto Lara , Francisco Reis Almir
Published: March 2024

Public spaces play an important role in promoting social interactions between different social agents. In thiscontext, it is important to evaluate appropriation in public spaces and identify the different forms that generatediversity in them. Santos Dumont Square, the empirical object of this work, corresponds to a centrality of theTrindade neighborhood in Florianópolis (SC) and is characterized by the diversity of uses in the surroundings.The objective of the research is to carry out an analysis of the appropriation of this space, quantifying andanalyzing users and predominant activities. For this, the reading of co-presence (Gehl & Svarre, 2018;Tenório, 2012) and the behavioral map (Sommer & Sommer, 1997) were used as a methodology. The resultsshow that flows are intense on the periphery of the square and are concentrated during business hours.These results reflect the difficulties posed by the existing unevenness and the predominance of commercialuses and services in the immediate surroundings.
Keywords: appropriation, public space, squares, copresence

Os espaços públicos desempenham um importante papel na promoção de interações entre diferentesagentes sociais. Neste contexto, surge a importância de avaliar a apropriação nos espaços públicos eidentificar as diferentes formas geradoras de diversidade no mesmo. A Praça Santos Dumont, objetoempírico deste trabalho, corresponde a uma centralidade do bairro Trindade em Florianópolis (SC) e secaracteriza pela diversidade de usos no entorno. O objetivo da pesquisa é realizar uma análise daapropriação desse espaço quantificando e analisando usuários e atividades predominantes. Para isso, usousecomo metodologia a leitura da copresença (Gehl & Svarre, 2018; Tenório, 2012) e o mapacomportamental (Sommer & Sommer, 1997). Os resultados mostram que os fluxos são intensos na periferiada praça e se concentram nos horários comerciais. Estes resultados refletem as dificuldades colocadas pelosdesníveis existentes e a predominância de usos comerciais e de serviços no entorno imediato.
Palavras-chave: apropriação, espaço público, praças, copresença
UM NOVO OLHAR SOBRE A ROSA MÍSTICA. Proposta de requalificação urbana e ambiental de trecho do Riacho da Piabas.
Authors: Ramos Tejo Bruna , Normando Macêdo Barros Filho Mauro
Published: March 2024

The objective of this work is to present a proposal for the urban and environmental redevelopment of a section of Riacho das Piabas, located within the Rosa Mística community in Campina Grande. The methodology employed various procedures: (i) characterization of the integration of the Permanent Preservation Area within the Open Spaces System; (ii) qualitative analysis of previously conducted urban assessments; and (iii) utilization of the SWOT matrix as a strategy for formulating guidelines and actions. The outcome is the design  of a linear park, accompanied by two open spaces, with guidelines aimed at mitigating floods, restoring thecreek's ecological balance, and fostering strategies to enhance the city's response to crisis situations. Ultimately, this work is expected to contribute to the promotion of environmental justice and the establishment of more equitable and sustainable societies.
Keywords: Urban requalification. Urban design. Urban sustainability. Open spaces.

O trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma proposta para a requalificação urbana e ambiental de um trecho do Riacho das Piabas que está inserido na comunidade Rosa Mística, em Campina Grande. A metodologia se deu por diferentes procedimentos: (i) caracterização da integração da Área de Preservação Permanente no contexto do Sistema de Espaços Livres; (ii) análise qualitativa dos diagnósticos urbanísticos previamente levantados; e (iii) utilização da matriz SWOT como estratégia de desenvolvimento de diretrizes e ações. O resultado foi o projeto de um parque linear integrado a dois espaços livres, cujas diretrizes buscam a  delimitação de meios de mitigação de enchentes, a despoluição e renaturalização do riacho, assim como a promoção de estratégias para a consolidação de melhores respostas urbanas às situações de crise. Por fim, espera-se que este trabalho contribua para a promoção da justiça ambiental e para a construção de sociedades mais equitativas e sustentáveis.
 
Palavras-chave: Requalificação urbana. Projeto urbano. Sustentabilidade urbana. Espaços livres
A ESPESSURA DO LIMIAR. Urbanidade, Forma e Tipo dos Espaços de Transição na Cidade de Lisboa
Authors: Spaninks-Amaro Youri
Published: March 2024

This paper aims to identify and decode the diversity of transition spaces, in-between public, and private urban elements. These transition spaces, shaped by architectural devices that mediate public-private relations and the activities that unfold in them, reveal specific urban qualities. By elaborating a previous classification of these transition architectonic devices, identifying their types, and understanding their appropriations, the research expects to decode the composition of these transition fluid figures in urban space. These porous spaces build the hypothesis that the condition of urban life is correlated with the form that supports it, making of transition spaces urban catalysts. Having the city of Lisbon as study field, this research combines a typo-morphological approach with the behavior impact of transition space users, proposing a matrix, supported by interpretative drawing, that allows to focus on diverse case studies using distinct indicators.
Keywords: transition spaces, threshold, typo-morphology, material urbanity, Lisbon.

O presente artigo visa identificar e descodificar a diversidade dos espaços de transição, entre elementos urbanos, públicos e privados. Estes espaços de transição, formados por dispositivos arquitetónicos que medeiam as relações público-privado e as atividades que nestes se desenvolvem, revelam qualidades urbanas específicas. A partir da elaboração de uma classificação prévia destes dispositivos de transição, da identificação dos seus tipos e compreendendo as suas apropriações, a investigação espera descodificar a composição destas figuras de transição fluidas no espaço urbano. Estes espaços porosos constroem a hipótese de que a condição da vida urbana está correlacionada com a forma que a suporta, fazendo dos espaços de transição catalisadores urbanos. Tendo a cidade de Lisboa como campo de estudo, a investigação combina a aproximação tipo-morfológica com o impacto comportamental dos utilizadores dos espaços de transição, propondo uma matriz, suportada pelo desenho interpretativo, que permita incidir sobre casos de estudo diversos utilizando indicadores distintos.      
 
Palavras-chave: espaços de transição, limiar, tipo-morfologia, urbanidade material, Lisboa.
DISEÑAR CIUDAD CON EL RÍO. Principios de diseño urbano a partir del caso del río Tunjuelo en Bogotá
Authors: Fiallo Cardona Gloria Carolina
Published: March 2024

Bogotá is the capital of the second most biodiverse country in the world. However, it presents situations of conflict between its watercourses and its urban environment, which leads to loss of biodiversity and increasing water pollution. The depletion of natural resources due to urban pressures is today one of the fundamental issues to be faced by urban planning. For this, an ecosystem perspective allows us to value urban rivers and their way of interacting with the city. The Tunjuelo River, coming from the Sumapaz Páramo, crosses the south of Bogotá. Its main conditions, exploitation, pollution and channeling, lead us to try to reconcile the relationship between the river and the city through a propositional cartography, which seeks to explain urban design principles derived from their interactions.
 
Keywords: Water urbanism, urban river, Páramo, Bogotá and Tunjuelo´s river

Bogotá es la capital del segundo país más biodiverso del mundo. Sin embargo, presenta situaciones de conflicto entre sus cursos hídricos y su entorno urbano, lo que da lugar a pérdida de biodiversidad y a una creciente contaminación del agua. El agotamiento de los recursos naturales por las presiones urbanas es hoy en día uno de las cuestiones fundamentales a afrontar desde el urbanismo. Para ello, una perspectiva ecosistémica nos permite poner en valor los ríos urbanos y su manera de interactuar con la ciudad. El río Tunjuelo, proveniente del Páramo de Sumapaz atraviesa el sur de Bogotá. Sus principales condiciones, explotación, contaminación y canalización, nos llevan a intentar reconciliar la relación entre río y ciudad a través de una cartografía propositiva, que busca explicar principios de diseño urbano derivados de sus interacciones.
 
Palabras clave: Urbanismo del agua, río urbano, páramo, Bogotá y río Tunjuelo.
ROUGH OROGRAPHY. The Urban Project Between History and Modernity
Authors: Filippucci Andrea , Bartolo Francesco
Published: March 2024

Understanding how urban space is constructed in contemporary times in relation to morphology, showing its principles and rules through strategies and projects carried out in recent decades is the objective of the research that focuses on what we consider the most interesting case among European cities: Lisbon. The Castle Hill, Santa Caterina Hill, Baixa, and the Tagus River estuary make up the topographical framework of the research. Starting from the construction of the first Arab settlements along the Castle Hill, passing through the convents and industries along the river banks, the eighteenth-century city built after a terrible earthquake and the modern era Chiado show the special sensitivity of Portuguese architects to geography in the construction of the city. It is hypothesized that topography is a fundamental component of urban design and construction.
 
Keywords: Urban Morphology, Lisbon, Topography, City and Design. Themes: Urban Space, Continuity, and Stratification.
A URBANÍSTICA DE LUCIO COSTA NO CONTEXTO DA REVISÃO DO MODERNO Análise do Plano Piloto da Barra da Tijuca
Authors: Conceição Barreto Carla
Published: March 2024

The Pilot Plan for the urbanization of Barra da Tijuca, Pontal de Sernambetiba and Jacarepaguá, carried out by Lúcio Costa in 1969, was elaborated in a context of revision of the modern movement. From the 1950s, the new urban methodologies that emerged from the criticism of modern practices emphasized the consideration of the existing fabric, the value of environmental and topographical pre-existences, vernacular architecture and integration with the traditional city. The objective of this article is to deepen the understanding and reflect on the urban planning of the Pilot Plan of Barra da Tijuca within the context of the review of the modern movement to understand how the issues occurred in the face of the formal, functional and environmental aspects discussed in this context. The issues analyzed include integration with the local landscape, the particularities of urban morphology, the polynuclear city and the control of future urban dynamics.
 
Keywords: Barra da Tijuca’s Pilot Plan, Lucio Costa, Modern, Review of the Modern.

O Plano Piloto para a urbanização da Barra da Tijuca, o Pontal de Sernambetiba e Jacarepaguá, realizado por Lúcio Costa em 1969, foi elaborado em um contexto de revisão do movimento moderno. A partir da década de 1950, as novas metodologias urbanísticas que surgiram a partir das críticas das práticas modernas enfatizaram a consideração do tecido existente, o valor das preexistências ambientais e topográficas, a arquitetura vernacular e a integração com a cidade tradicional. O objetivo deste artigo é aprofundar a compreensão e refletir sobre a urbanística do Plano Piloto da Barra da Tijuca dentro do contexto da revisão do movimento moderno para perceber como as questões ocorreram diante dos aspectos formais, funcionais e ambientais discutidos neste contexto. As questões analisadas incluem a integração com a paisagem local, as particularidades da morfologia urbana, a cidade polinuclear e o controle da dinâmica urbana futura.
 
Palavras chave: Plano Piloto da Barra da Tijuca, Lucio Costa, Moderno, Revisão do Moderno.
ARQUITECTURAS DEL CUIDADO COMO BIEN COMÚN. Configuraciones urbano espaciales y político sociales de los cuidados en la vivienda colectiva de producción pública en Uruguay
Authors: Serrana Anzalone Santamarina Lucía
Published: March 2024

This research proposes the study of the space of care in collective public housing in Uruguay, conceiving care as a common good and integrating the perspective of feminist urbanism as an epistemological framework of approach. It starts from the recognition of the collective scale for the approach to care, seeking to transcend the dichotomies between the individual private and the collective public, in the conjunction of spheres (Muxi, 2018) that implies the material and symbolic reproduction of social life (Gutiérrez, 2020).  This article reports on an ongoing doctoral research process that proposes within its objectives to contribute to the ways of thinking and projecting in the collective housing scale from this perspective, through the identification and generation of new tools for the design, planning and management of living space, as well as new parameters for the articulation of public policies in housing, habitat and care.
 
Keywords: Collective public housing, cooperativism, commons and care

La presente investigación plantea el estudio del espacio de los cuidados en la arquitectura habitacional colectiva de producción pública en Uruguay, concibiendo los cuidados como bien común e integrando la perspectiva del urbanismo feminista como marco epistemológico de abordaje. Parte del reconocimiento de la escala colectiva para el abordaje de los cuidados, en busca de trascender las dicotomías entre lo privado individual y lo público colectivo, en la conjunción de esferas (Muxi, 2018) que implica la reproducción material y simbólica de la vida social (Gutiérrez, 2020). El presente artículo da cuenta de un proceso de investigación doctoral en curso que propone dentro de sus objetivos aportar a los modos de pensar y proyectar en la escala habitacional colectiva desde esta perspectiva, a través de la identificación y generación de nuevas herramientas de diseño, planificación y gestión del espacio habitable, así como nuevos parámetros para la articulación de políticas públicas en vivienda, hábitat y cuidados.
 
Palabras clave: Vivienda colectiva, cooperativismo, comunes y cuidados