bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FACTORS POTENTIALLY CAUSING DIFFERENCES IN SEED VIABILITY OF PULSATILLA PATENS POPULATIONS IN LATVIA: A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Osvalde Anita , Klavina Dace , Jakobsone Gunta
Published: February 2023

The Eastern pasqueflower (Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill.) is considered as an endangered species in all European countries where it is found, including Latvia. An important factor for the survival of P. patens - a species with low competitiveness is not only the conditions suitable for germination and further growth, but also the indicators of seed viability. This is particularly important as there is no persistent soil seed bank for this species. Only limited data is available on the factors affecting seed viability, especially in the terms of soil conditions. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to find out the potential relationship between seed viability and soil agrochemical composition in 8 different locations of P. patens in Latvia. Demographic parameters were also analyzed as factors that could lead to differences in seed viability between populations. Overall, there were almost no substantial differences between study sites in terms of the seed production per one infructescence of P. patens. However, significant differences were found in seed viability data, with the percentage of viable seeds ranging from 2.1% to 53.8%. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between seed viability and concentrations of Ca and Mg in the soil. Our study suggested that one of the factors that positively affect seed viability could be the higher micronutrient (B, Cu, Fe) level in the topsoil. In addition to the wide range of nutrient concentrations in the soil, the studied sites also differed according to the demographic characteristics of the populations. Preliminary results showed that populations with a higher proportion of new generative plants had higher levels of viable seeds. This was convincingly evident in the nearby sample plots. Comparing the two adjacent areas, it was found that new generative plants dominated in those where the values of at least two soil parameters, such as Ca, Mg, organic matter, Cu and Fe, were higher. Further research is needed to better understand the relationship between soil conditions, population demographics and seed viability, thus contributing to the development of protection measures for P. patens in Latvia.
FLOWER MEADOWS IN AN URBAN ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Rozova Zdenka , Pastorova Anna
Published: February 2023

Contemporary urban meadows as an alternative to amenity mown grass in public green spaces are the solution for biodiversity growth and human wellbeing.
In the publication, we present the results of research monitoring the development of flower meadow growth in the urban environment. We focus on the analysis of visual and other properties of herbs, on the basis of which we evaluate the visual and other properties of the flower meadow stand. The result is an evaluation of the suitability of flower meadows in terms of selected functions in the urban environment.
When monitoring the newly established flower meadow in the town of Nove Zamky (Slovakia), we found that a month after the establishment, due to insufficient maintenance, light rainfall and high temperatures, the stand didn?t fulfil any of the monitored functions. In October, the flower meadow stand was already suitable for fulfilling the melliferous, climatic and ecological function and less suitable for fulfilling the aesthetic, recreational, soil protection function and unsuitable for the sustainability (affected by maintenance) of the flower meadow stand. We will continue to monitor the area of the flower meadow and follow its development and functionality in the urban environment.
INTERRELATEDNESS OF BEST AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES AND BEST ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTICES: A MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT CASE
Authors: Tikhonova Irina , Guseva Tatiana , Panova Svetlana
Published: February 2023

The concept of Best Available Techniques (BAT) is the basis for granting Integrated Environmental Permits (IEP) to industrial installations. In Russia, BAT is used along with Best Environmental Practices (BEP) concept to promote resource efficiency solutions and to motivate managers to collaborate with local stakeholders in the field of environmentally sound activities. One of the sectors modernised in accordance with the principles of BAT is municipal wastewater treatment (MWWT). In 2020, the Russian Reference Document (BREF) on BAT for MWWT Plants was recommended to the governors of BRICS cities as the basis for the improvement of MWWT performance as well as for the better conservation of fresh water bodies. BAT-Associated Environmental Performance Levels set by the MWWT BREF are used as the reference conditions for modernising existing facilities since 2019. A case of the Podkumok River, flowing through the recreational area of the Caucasus Mineral Waters is considered. The article analyses the Environmental Performance Enhancement Programme (EPEP) worked out by the Pyatigorsk MWWT plant as a starting point for the development of the public dialogue in the field of the restoration of the Podkumok River valley ecosystem services and provides practical recommendations for managers, municipal governments and educational establishments.
NEW MICROBIAL BIOPREPARATION FOR AGRICULTURE CONSISTING OF CONSORTIUM OF BIOSURFACTANT PRODUCERS
Authors: Galieva Gulnaz , Danilova Natalia , Selivanovskaya Svetlana , Galitskaya Polina
Published: February 2023

The present work is an attempt to create a biosurfactant producing consortia on the bases of initial rhizospheric community of lettuce plant (Lactuca sativa). To obtain consortia, 47 strains from the rhizosphere were isolated and checked upon their ability to produce biosurfactants. The ability of the isolates to produce biosurfactants was analyzed on the basis of their ability to emulsify crude oil (E24 index). The isolates with the highest E24 were Bacillus. oryzaecorticis (80%), B. simplex (65%), Paenibacillus xylanilyticus (60%), and P. illinoisensis (73%). These isolates (numbered further as 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively) were further cultivated together in consortia of two, three or four members. The cultivation was conducted of LB and BH medium during 72 h, after that the abundance of the consortium members as well as the ability of the consortium to utilize different carbon substrates (Biolog EcoPlate� system) were assessed.
It was found out, that isolate 1 was not able to grow in consortia. Other isolates were able to grow in combinations with each other, at least in one of the media. Isolate 4 survived in all the combinations investigated. Among consortia investigated, the two-members consortium 3-4 was able to survive in both media.
The AWCD index reflects the average ability of the microbes to utilize 31 different carbon substrates. For individual isolates 1, 2, 3 and 4, AWCD was estimated to be 0.07, 0.04, 0.19 and 0.25, respectively. It exceeded the initial levels of AWCD demonstrated by the individual isolates only in 3 cases: 1-3-4 (0.26), 1-2-3-4 (0.32), 2-4 (0.59). It can be concluded that consortia are able to survive in larger spectrum of environmental niches as compared with individual isolates, however, competition between the consortium members limits their active growth.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TATARU AND MERHEI LACUSTRINE SEDIMENTS, FROM THE DANUBE DELTA, ROMANIA
Authors: Catianis Irina , Constantinescu Adriana Maria , Vasiliu Dan-Lucian , Ispas Bogdan-Adrian , Grosu Dumitru
Published: February 2023

The quality and quantity of delta lakes� sediment depend on fluvial input and in-situ bio-geo-chemical processes. The present study investigates the quality of lacustrine sediments collected from two lakes - Tataru and Merhei, situated in different hydrodynamic environments within the Danube Delta, Romania, but both connected to fluvial input of water and sediment of the Danube. The following physical and chemical analyses have been carried out on several lake-bottom sediment samples: the main lithological components (total organic matter-TOM%, total carbonates-CAR% and siliciclastic fraction-SIL%), particle size analysis and technophilic element contents. The lithological analysis reveals a considerable variation related to the TOM%, CAR% and SIL% fractions. From this perspective, the investigated lacustrine sediments are generally characterized as organic-rich sediments (endogenous input). The grain size analysis shows the predominance of sandy silt sediments in both lakes. The data regarding the content of technophilic elements in the bed-sediment samples is given in comparison with their natural geochemical background reference value and their acceptable limits provided by the national reference standard. The general characterization of the investigated sediments reveals slight differences among the two investigated lakes in terms of the sediment input from the Danube River. The acquired results contribute to improve the knowledge about physical and chemical characteristics of lacustrine sediments and to plan management strategies of the deltaic lakes for future conservation perspectives, considering the great international importance of the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve.
SCREENING OF THE ABILITY OF RHIZOSPHERE BACTERIA TO PRODUCE BIOSURFACTANTS
Authors: Gordeev A. , Kamalova A. , Selivanovskaya S.
Published: February 2023

Surfactants produced by microorganisms, known as biosurfactants, have recently found wide application in the industry, from cosmetology to oil processing. Biosurfactants are more tolerant to extreme environmental conditions and less hazardous for the environment as compared with their chemical analogues. Despite on the fact that many biosurfactant producers have been recently isolated and described, the challenge to explore new producers still remains very urgent. In the present study, the isolates obtained from rhizosphere soil were screened towards their abilities to emulsify oil and to decrease interface tension between oil and water. As a source of potential producers, rhizosphere soil of Latuca sativa was used. 12 rapidly growing isolates were cultivated in glycerol nitrate medium at 28? for 72 h. Emulsification activity (E24) and drop collapse tests were used to screen the abilities of the supernatants obtained. The lowest E24 was registered for 7 of 12 isolates (from 0% to 43%), while the highest one was registered for 5 from 12 isolates (50%). All these 5 isolates (12b, 19a, 20b, 23a and 26b) demonstrated high efficiency in drop collapse test as well (maximal scores in qualitative test). Besides, 3 other isolates were characterized as the most efficient in the drop collapse test (2c, 9a and 17a).
SOME REGULARITIES OF DEGRADATION OF (14C)-LABELED TEA (Tea Sinensis) BIOMASS IN RED AND BROWN FOREST SOILS
Authors: Mgeladze Merab , Kikava Antaz , Tchitanava Zhana , Kalandadze Ilia , Kalandadze Besik
Published: February 2023

The studies using (14C)-labeled tea (Tea Sinensis) biomass have demonstrated that tea biomass is degraded in red (Nitisols Ferralic) and brown forest (Humic Cambisols) soils. The application of manganese sludge and manganese sulfate (MnSO4) in these soils increases the mineralization in both soil taxa evidencing an active participation of Mn ions in the degradation of phenolic substances. When applying manganese sludge and/or MnSO4 to the experimental samples, most of 14CO2 is released during the first 60 days as a result of the labeled tea biomass mineralization. The modification (decrease) of MgCO3 of hydrolysis pH reaction of both, the red (Nitisols Ferralic) and brown forest (Humic Cambisols) soil areas and the addition of manganese sludge and or MnSO4 to them dramatically (almost twice or thrice) increase the tea biomass mineralization rate, which was assessed by quantifying 14CO2. The amount of ash in all test reduces as compared to the reference what can be explained by the chemical properties of organic compounds produced as interim products during the biomass degradation.
STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON HUMAN HEALTH
Authors: Manescu Camelia , Mateoc-Sirb Teodora , Vass Hunor , Mateoc-Sirb Nicoleta
Published: February 2023

The paper aims to analyse the main air pollutants considered responsible for most premature deaths and illnesses: particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, and ground-level ozone. The research methodology used is based on the analysis and synthesis of information from the scientific literature on air pollution, identification of sources of air pollutants and their implications for human health. The principal research method used in the paper is content analysis. The importance of this publication is to expand and improve the content of the literature in the domain. The contributors point out that air pollution is currently the highest environmental risk affecting human health. Every year, this type of pollution causes around 400,000 premature deaths in the European Union and causes various illnesses: respiratory, strokes and lung diseases, cardiovascular, liver and blood diseases. Emissions of air pollutants are mainly the result of human actions: heating of homes, road transport, the energy sector, industry, agriculture and others in much smaller proportions. The authors' investigation revealed that, in overall terms, air quality has not improved with the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. In conclusion, the authors highlight the need for environmental policies that contribute to reducing emissions and improving air quality, intending to further safeguard human health and the environment.
THE EFFECT OF FERROUS METALLURGICAL SOLID WASTE ON THE CHEMICAL PERFORMANCE OF CEMENT COMPOSITES EXPOSED TO VARIOUS CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Mousa Ahmad
Published: February 2023

The Interest in recycling of materials to reduce the CO2 emissions and reduce the energy consumption has inspirited us to investigate the influence of ferrous metallurgical solid waste material namely "slag" on the performance of traditional Portland cement composites. The scrap material was mechanically treated by crushing followed by ball milling and classification. The mechanically treated slag was mixed with Portland cement without any modification. The mix was casted into the desired moulds and allowed to solidify at room temperature for two days. The samples were left to overnight in air circulating oven at 105 ?C. The fabricated samples were aged by exposing to various chemical environments including acidic, alkali, and saline. The effect of the chemical aging on the mechanical properties is compared to the plain samples. It has been found that the incorporation of the slag has influenced the mechanical properties compared to the control samples. Furthermore, the addition of the slag was able to influence the chemical resistance of the samples as well.
ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS OF THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY OF THE REGION
Authors: Ameir Omar , Belica Josef
Published: February 2023

The primary purpose of environmental policy is a framework, guidance for decisionmaking and actions that lead to a better quality of the environment as a whole and its components. It is also adopted to use the principles of sustainable development, to increase economic efficiency and important social social programs and activities. The aim of this article is to provide basic research information on the causes of the emergence and development of environmental policy in the current period of circular economy. The issue of the circular economy and environmental goals are gradually being promoted in the areas of international politics, and subsequently it is currently possible to include them among the main policy areas of European companies and the European Union as a whole. The aim of this article is to define the area of support for the circular economy from the position of environmental problems and to propose strategies and tools for the correct implementation of the given goals. The goals are based on the action plans for a circular economy, which the European Union is definitely starting to document. The partial goal is to efficiently handle materials and use them for their use. Waste, or its recycling and further use, should also play a role. This can save Europe not only money but also the local environment.
ORGANIC GRAIN PRODUCTION OPPORTUNITIES IN LATVIA BY USING THE MOST APPROPRIATE COOPERATION MODEL
Authors: Zvirbule Andra , Auzina Anita , Grinberga-Zalite Gunta , Liva Diana
Published: February 2023

The most significant challenges of organic farming are the fragmentation of the sector, unstable product supply and sales opportunities, as well as the lack of knowledge of how to manage agricultural production agronomically and economically effective. The predominant form of agricultural enterprises in Latvia is small and medium-sized farms. Thus, cooperation is an effective solution so that farmers can maintain the form of a family business and achieve an appropriate economic market, which would contribute to the possibility of sales and the value of the products produced. However, there are no fully organic and eligible grain cooperatives in Latvia in 2021. The research aim: to analyse factors affecting the needs of organic grain production through various alternatives to cooperation models. To achieve the aim, the following research methods were employed: logical construction, the graphical method, the monographic method, expert interviewing and factor ranking analysis. The research concluded that the factors influencing organic grain producer needs were most effectively implemented through the fully organic grain cooperative form � the normal distribution was 40.32. The weakest form of cooperation that provided opportunities for the development of organic grain production was mixed-type cooperatives, which combined both organic and conventional agricultural production. The normal distribution for mixed-type cooperatives was 25.00. The development of organic farming could be promoted by cooperation between organic producers. An organic single-product cooperative directly addresses the needs of organic producers � merging small and medium farms and providing appropriate infrastructure �, thus contributing to production consolidation and competitiveness.
OVERCOMING THE BARRIERS TO THE ADOPTION OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN BULGARIA
Authors: Mihaleva Hristina , Todorova Teodora
Published: February 2023

Growing greenhouse gas emissions are a primary cause of global warming and climate change, with transportation accounting for the largest proportion. Many countries have started to develop strategies to promote the development of sustainable transport technologies. In terms of fossil fuel independence and reducing carbon emissions, electric vehicles (EVs) are a highly developed and efficient solution with growing popularity. This study looks at the major socio-economic and perception-related obstacles to the much broader adoption of electric vehicles in the Bulgarian market. The report is based on a questionnaire survey of a convenience sample of over 500 responses, conducted at the start of 2022 in order to evaluate the opinion, impressions, and attitudes of Bulgarian citizens toward electric cars. Also of interest is their willingness to join the transition process from conventional vehicles to highly innovative electric cars, demonstrating the behavior of conscious "green-oriented" consumers.
A statistical analysis of the data was carried out with the help of IBM SPSS statistics. The findings of this study can be valuable for managers, and stakeholders in validating the principles of the green economy and can contribute to developing national policies in the fields of transportation, energy, and the environment.
TRANSITION TO "PAPERLESS" MUNICIPALITY, LIEPAJA CASE
Authors: Abele Lilita , Barute Dina , Ulmane-Ozolina Lasma , Rivza Baiba
Published: February 2023

Reducing the use of paper is, first and foremost, an essential factor for environmental economics and sustainability. Digital transformation is also one of the tools supporting the environmental economy, improving business efficiency and reducing costs in the following ways: reducing errors and processing times and increasing security and confidentiality. In the document on Digital Transformation Guidelines 2021-2027 (Cabinet of Ministers Order No 490 of 7 July 2021 on Digital Transformation Guidelines 2021-2027. https://likumi.lv/ta/id/324715), one of the visions of the action sub-action: Fully digitised and data-driven core activities of public administration (4.4.9.3) is "Public administrations and local authorities organise their work and cooperate exclusively digitally, using a single structured data space accessible to all authorities".
Starting the digital transformation process and implementing an environmental economy requires planning, strategy development and a change of thinking in the company. For this reason, it is essential to understand the current situation and readiness for change. The aim of the study is to find out the preparedness of Liepaja state municipality companies to switch to a paperless municipality. The research highlights opportunities, weaknesses and recommendations for future work.
STATE AND TRENDS OF THE GREEN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT MARKET � THE PRACTICE OF BULGARIA
Authors: Turlakova Teodorina
Published: February 2023

The article justifies the perception of green public procurement as a set of policies, actions and relationships with environmental contexts that emerge and shape the market for green products and services. The purpose of this study is to analyze the state of the green public procurement market in Bulgaria, to clarify the difficulties that contracting authorities (or assignors) most often encounter in the use of environmentally friendly criteria in public procurement, as well as to identify the main risks and challenges to the development of this market in the country. The regulation of the public procurement on the Bulgarian market is analyzed, the conditions for the application of the ecological criteria, stipulated in the Bulgarian law and the international directives, are specified. The status of the Bulgarian green procurement market is investigated through secondary data of the national agency and through personal interviews with Bulgarian contracting authorities. It is concluded that the Bulgarian market is at an early stage of development, has a dualistic character in terms of product affiliation and its main participants are the municipalities. The research identified some major problems on the Bulgarian market, including poor awareness of contracting authorities, lack of professional experience, budgetary constraints, the need for better organization at national level and others.
DEVELOPING WASTE MANAGEMENT SKILLS FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF FOOD SECTOR
Authors: Grinberga-Zalite Gunta , Zvirbule Andra , Hernik Joanna , Popluga Dina
Published: February 2023

Economic growth in Europe is causing environmental problems thus highlighting the need to minimize waste. Sustainable Development Goal 12 �Sustainable Production and Consumption� focuses on three aspects: waste management, energy saving and resource usage minimization. The aim of this study is to analyse the current needs for professional food waste management knowledge in European food production companies and develop waste minimization skills for food sector�s vocational education students. The study is based on a mixed methodology combining desk study, comparative analysis and logical design research methods as well as focus group interviews with the representatives of different food sub-sectors. The results of the study reveal that, although waste management processes in European countries are well regulated, food sector workers currently lack waste management skills and thus need professional trainings to efficiently participate in waste reduction, reuse and recycling to comply with the principles of the circular economy. The results of the research were used to develop a vocational training curriculum that can be used by vocational education trainers as well as food sector companies to reduce waste and promote a zero-waste management culture in Europe.
THE MAPPING OF CLIMATE AND AGRICULTURAL POLICIES TARGETING ORGANIC SOIL MANAGEMENT: CASE STUDY FROM LATVIA
Authors: Licite Ieva , Popluga Dina
Published: February 2023

Organic soil management and related climate and agriculture policy planning is emerging issue globally, at European Union (EU) level and nationally, especially for organic soil rich countries like Latvia and in a light of movement towards climate neutrality by 2050. Relatively small proportion of these soils by area significantly impact greenhouse gas (GHG) emission balance of many European countries including Latvia where organic soil management related GHG emissions make up to one third of GHG emissions associated with agriculture land management. Organic soil can act either as an effective carbon storage or as considerable source of greenhouse gas emissions. The effect achieved largely depends on the management practices applied and considering importance of agriculture support system - also on agriculture and climate policy planning. In this study we analyze top-down policy and legislative framework of organic soil management in Latvia to detect development pattern of the political importance of organic soil and to map normative and policy framework around this issue. We found that international policies, i.e. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and related European level agriculture and Climate policies i.e. European Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and Climate policy are drivers of organic soil management at national level. Study results show genesis of the organic soil issue, map political time frame and suggest further development needs.
The Optimal Investment Portfolio Management for Insurance and Reinsurance Companies in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
Authors: Hasan Ali Ahmed
Published: February 2023

This study aims to find the optimal investment portfolio management for the insurance and reinsurance companies in GCC. The researcher collected the data from the annual reports of the 30 companies listed in the respective stocks exchange from 2016 to 2020, based on the top five company's GWP from each GCC country as of 2020. Descriptive analysis for each country and each year of the study period was used to find the mean ROI and the average level of the strategic asset allocation; the pairwise correlation was used between the ROI and Libor. The results indicate the mean ROI for the insurance and reinsurance companies, the average level of SAA allocation by country and by year, the investment income has enormous effects on the performance of the insurance and reinsurance companies, the investment allocation to risky assets does not necessarily generate a high ROI, the thirty sampled insurance and reinsurance companies have generated ROI above 3%. This study contributes to the foundation of the investment portfolio management studies for insurance and reinsurance companies in the GCC countries.
Collaborative Governance In Implementation Of Sustainable Mangrove Area Revitalization And Conservation Program In Pangkalan Jambi Village, Bukit Batu Distric
Authors: Mimin Sundari Nasution  , Mayarni  , Dadang Mashur
Published: February 2023

Mangrove ecosystems provide many benefits for human life, both directly and indirectly. Mangrove areas have a very vital function because they can hold water from entering the land and also as a barrier to coastal abrasion. The lack of community understanding about mangroves makes them not take care of mangrove forests which have various benefits for coastal ecosystems. The main objective of the Mangrove Area Revitalization and Conservation Program is the preservation of the coastal environment. The risk of environmental damage in coastal areas, namely the abrasion disaster, is a scourge for the residents of Pangkalan Jambi Village. The implementation of the Mangrove Area Conservation and Revitalization program refers to the results of the 2017 Pangkalan Jambi Village Social Mapping, so it is necessary to see how the role of each actor is. Based on these important issues, this study aims to determine how governance collaboration is in implementing the revitalization and conservation program for sustainable mangrove areas. This research uses a qualitative approach. Primary and secondary data were collected using in-depth interviews, observation and documentation techniques. Interviews were conducted with key informants using purposive sampling method. After that, the data were analyzed using N-Vivo 12 to describe, explain and place the data in their respective contexts which will be explained in words through the stages of data reduction. The results show that collaborative governance in the implementation of the revitalization and conservation program of the Bengkalis mangrove area is optimal, which can be seen from the dynamics of collaboration, Collaborative actions, and impacts and adaptations on the collaboration process.
The optimization of electrochemical immunosensors to detect epithelial sodium channel as a biomarker of hypertension
Authors: Hanifa Lestari Tias Febriana , Setiyono Riyanto , Tristina Nina , Sofiatin Yulia , Hartati Yeni Wahyuni
Published: February 2023

The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is a transmembrane protein that regulates the balance of sodium salt levels in the body through its expression in various tissues. The increase in sodium salt in the body is related to the expression of ENaC, thereby increasing blood pressure. Therefore, overexpression of the ENaC protein can be used as a biomarker for hypertension. The detection of ENaC protein using anti-ENaC in the biosensor system has been optimized with the Box-Behnken experimental design. The steps carried out in this research are screen-printed carbon electrode modification with gold nanoparticles, then anti-ENaC was immobilized using cysteamine and glutaraldehyde. Optimum conditions of the experiment, such as anti-ENaC concentration, glutaraldehyde incubation time, and anti-ENaC incubation time, were optimized using the Box-Behnken experimental design to determine the factors that influence the increase in immunosensor current response and the optimum conditions obtained were then applied to variations in ENaC protein concentrations. The optimum experimental conditions for anti-ENaC concentration were 2.5 µg/mL, the glutaraldehyde incubation time was 30 minutes, and the anti-ENaC incubation time was 90 minutes. The developed electrochemical immunosensor has a detection limit of 0.0372 ng/mL and a quantification limit of 0.124 ng/mL for the ENaC protein concentration range of 0.09375 to 1.0 ng/mL. Thus, the immunosensor generated from this study can be used to measure the concentration of normal urine samples and those of patients with hypertension.
Methods in breast reconstruction for patients with a history of breast cancer after total or partial mastectomy care
Authors: Crespo Andrea , Jiménez Fabián , Cueva Pio
Published: February 2023

Breast cancer is an oncologic process in which healthy cells of the mammary gland degenerate and transform into tumor cells, proliferating and multiplying until the tumor is formed. It is known that breast cancer is one of the main causes of death in women. Therefore, mastectomy is one of the most used medical interventions to prevent, fight or stop breast cancer totally or partially. Due to this, the aim of this work was to determine the method or methods used for breast reconstruction for patients with a history of breast cancer after a total or partial mastectomy, and also to know a little about possible complications if any, to know which would be the most assertive to apply to the patient, for which information was collected in databases, and using a method similar to PRISMA a necessary number of articles that met the criteria for the preparation of the work were chosen, and search terms were used in pages such as MESH/DECS. Among the main methods found to achieve breast reconstruction was the immediate reconstruction that can even be applied at the time of mastectomy, however, the technique to be used will depend on the patient's case, as soft tissue flaps can be used, as well as autologous tissues that are cataloged with better results even than radiotherapy
Implementation of Erasmus+ Projects in the Republic of Moldova: Case Study
Authors: Cuciureanu Gheorghe
Published: February 2023

The article analyzes the implementation of Erasmus+ projects in the Republic of Moldova based on the example of a capacity-building project in higher education – Elevate. The comparison of the established objectives and the results obtained of the targeted project, including in terms of their quality and usefulness, is framed in the general context of carrying out such projects in the Republic of Moldova. The analysis revealed the inefficient use of European funds and the need of impact assessments and ex-post evaluations of European Union projects in the field of higher education implemented at the local level.
Academician Boris Gaina – Scientific Excellence and Innovative Spirit
Authors: Bordian Elena , Lupu Elena , Coslet Ecaterina
Published: February 2023

The article represents a bibliometric profile of the academician, professor and inventor Boris Gaina, who over the years has distinguished himself through various fundamental and applied scientific projects, achieving outstanding performance in research and innovation, especially in the field of viticulture of the Republic of Moldova. The bibliometric analysis of scientific publications highlighted the scientific productivity of the author with a particular impact - both for the development of oenological science and for the transfer of new technologies and innovations in the business environment. Scientific publications in the fields of oenology, uvology and food biotechnology are reflected in various bibliographic resources and open access databases, and the bibliometric tools were an effective support in reflecting the author’s contribution and the dynamics of scientific research in these fields.
Challenges of Brands and NFTs in the Metaverse
Authors: Bunescu Tatiana
Published: February 2023

The pandemic and the „lockdown” have changed our behaviors in relation to the digital world, becoming a trigger for online business development. More and more, people work and spend a lot of their time in the virtual world, creating new types of customers. Now, brand owners can sell not only physical goods, but also digital goods (NFTs). As a result, several virtual worlds have thrived in the Metaverse, and brand owners have also begun to develop their business in the Metaverse.
Contributions to Increasing the Efficiency of Studying the Subject “Engineering Graphics”
Authors: Dintu Sergiu , Botez Alexei , Shuletea Angela
Published: February 2023

The article approaches the problem of increasing the efficiency of studying the subject of Engineering Graphics within the limits of the hours stipulated in the curriculum. The transition to the widespread use of IT tools makes it necessary to combine the paper format with the electronic one. The student’s task usually consists in creating flat drawings after intuitive axonometric drawings. Based on the experience in teaching the discipline, the authors considered opportune to use the spatial models of the individual task created by the students themselves. A staggered teaching method of 3D modeling was elaborated with the selection of a minimum set of commands necessary to realize the proposed model at each of the practical occupations. Students can see the relationship between real objects and their projections, get acquainted with spatial modeling and develop spatial imagination.
Procedure for Declaring the National Standard in the Field of Volume
Authors: Sabadas Anna , Pianih Alexei , Braguta Alexandru , Grusca Victor
Published: February 2023

This article describes the procedure for declaring national standards, taking as an example the national standard of the liquid volume measurement unit. At the same time, following the analysis of the General Regulation of Legal Metrology GRLM 09:2015 „Standards of Measurement Units. General Principles. The Way of Elaboration, Approval, Registration, Preservation and Use”, the order and responsibilities of those involved in the preparation of the file for the purpose of declaring the national standard of the liquid volume measurement unit were well established. Finally, the component parts of the standard were investigated over a period of time to determine the stability of the measurements and the file was created, which was subsequently submitted to the Central Metrology Authority (CMA) for approval.
Minimum Wage - Trends and Realities
Authors: Donos Evlampie
Published: February 2023

In this article, the issue of the minimum wage in the Republic of Moldova is addressed in relation to the recent changes in some normative acts. Although the first minimum wage regulations date back to 1991, all that has been done in this area is not enough. It is necessary to improve the existing legal framework in order to be consistent with the Minimum Wage Fixing Convention No. 131/1970, especially regarding the developing countries of the International Labor Organization (ILO) and the ILO Minimum Wage Fixing Machinery (Agriculture) Convention No. 99. The author brings up actual proposals regarding the improvement of the legislative framework in this field.
Limitations of the Right to Respect Private Life in the Regulation of the Romanian Civil Code
Authors: Coman Varvara Licuta
Published: February 2023

The protection of private life came into attention both at national and international level starting from the idea that this concept overlaps in many aspects with a person’s life concept: private life, with reference to freedom of sexual orientation, surveillance of the person, family life, the right to the inviolability of domicile, of correspondence (written, telephone or electronic), protection of personal data. Human dignity and free development of human personality constitute supreme values of the constitutional state and the vector of all interpretations of legal provisions – foundation of the universality of human rights and liberties. The Romanian Civil Code and other regulations in the field of audiovisual provide actual regulations for violating the right to private life and indirectly establish the legal limits of this right.
Children – A Decisive Factor in Choosing the Form of Divorce: Judicial Versus Administrative
Authors: Giurgea Lenuta
Published: February 2023

When we speak about divorce, the natural question that appears is - what would be the best to choose: administrative divorce, the fastest procedure and maybe less traumatic, or judicial divorce, which means advocates to whom we present our claims and problems, a law court with difficult rules and much wasted time? When we talk about divorce, without children, the things are simpler but when minor children are involved, it is required total implication. Regardless of the option we choose, our priority is to think about the children and their best interests and their real needs. In view of the current legislative possibilities in the matter of divorce, we shall analyze and point out the legal option of maximum interest and efficiency for children.
Sustainability Maturity Maturity Level of Indonesian College of Economics in Facing the Era of Change
Authors: Supriyatin
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the role that private tertiary institutions play in the process of achieving sustainability. Private tertiary institutions will need to be able to form relationships with a variety of parties, such as the private sector and the government sector, and formulate sustainability maturity levels in order to determine the extent to which tertiary institutions have reached a certain level of maturity. In this study, a descriptive research method is combined with a quantitative research methodology. According to research, several components of STIE Indonesia, such as Innovation and technology, Collaboration, Process, Purchase, motivation and incentives, health and safety, human resource development, and ethical behavior and human rights, are at the stage where they are gratifying or satisfying. Extraordinary or of a sophisticated nature. On the most fundamental or fundamental level, which involves knowledge management, the absence of conflicting interests, effective governance, and an absence of corruption. However, private universities have a responsibility to place a greater emphasis on sustainability reports, resources set aside for recycling, concerns regarding biodiversity and environmental issues, emission pollution into the air, water, and soil, and the existence of universities that start at the Beginning level.
Challenges of Private Higher Education in Facing Sustainable Development Goals by Implementing Sustainable Strategies
Authors: Supriyatin
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the challenges of private tertiary institutions in Facing Sustainable Development Goals by implementing sustainable strategies. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The research results show that in achieving the SDGs, private tertiary institutions can carry out a typology strategy of Sustainability Report, Corporate Governance, Motivation and Incentives, Health and Safety, Human Capital Development, Ethical Behavior and Human Rights, No Conflict of Interest, No Corruption Activities and Awareness of Same , Corporate Citizen. This research is expected to be able to provide an overview of the sustainability strategies implemented by private universities in Indonesia in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.
DAMPAK COVID 19 TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN PASAR MODAL INDONESIA
Authors: Yandri Delfi , Darwanti Dhenok , Purwanto Hadi
Published: February 2023

The world economy is slowly starting to move to catch up, which was paralyzed by Covid, and Indonesia is no exception. Investors tend to choose to wait and see, meaning they hold their investments and wait for the right moment to make transactions, this is because Covid 19 has caused a decline in the JCI at 6300 has fallen drastically to 3900. So this also causes a decrease in activity transactions in the Indonesian capital market. The research was carried out to analyze the impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Indonesian Capital Market. The research uses descriptive and verification methods with the sample in this study, namely the Covid-19 Pandemic data as a dummy variable for Capital Market using data from the Jakarta Composite Index (IHSG). Based on the results of the linear regression statistical test, the following results were obtained: significant and negative to the Indonesian Capital Market. The results of this study are proposed to be able to contribute to society, which holds Capital Market policies and supervisory institutions regarding the importance of capital market inclusiveness in Indonesia.Ekonomi dunia perlahan-lahan mulai bergerak untuk mengejar ketertinggalan yang sempat lumpuh karena Covid, tidak terkecuali di Indonesia. Pelaku investor cenderung memilih wait and see, artinya mereka menahan investasi mereka dan menunggu saat yang tepat dalam melakukan transaksi. Hal ini disebabkan Covid 19 telah  menyebabkan penurunan IHSG di angka 6300 jatuh drastis ke titik 3900.  Sehingga hal ini berakibat kepada penurunan aktivitas transaksi di pasar modal Indonesia. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis dampak Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap  perkembangan pasar modal Indonesia. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dan verifikatif dengan sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu data selama pandemi Covid-19 sebagai variabel dummy terhadap perkembangan pasar modal yang diproyeksikan dengan Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG). Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik regresi linier diperoleh hasil bahwa pandemi Covid-19 mempengaruhi dengan signifikan dan negatif terhadap perkembangan pasar modal Indonesia. Hasil dari penelitian ini diusulkan dapat memberikan sumbangsih terhadap masyarakat, terutama pemegang kebijakan dan lembaga pengawas pasar modal mengenai pentingnya inklusivitas pasar modal di Indonesia.
PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH FLY ASH DAN BOTTOM ASH (FABA) MENJADI PRODUK KOMERSIL DI DESA SEKURO
Authors: Saputro Yayan Adi , Nailis Eka , Ramadhan Muhammad Faizal , Widagdo Jati , Arifin Samsul
Published: February 2023

Sekuro is one of the villages in the Mlonggo sub-district, Jepara Regency. Geographically, Sekuro village has a lot of potential because of its strategic location. Apart from that, Sekuro Village also has potential human resources that have not yet been absorbed. To achieve the goal of Community Service, namely the creation of creative products to realize an increase in the community's economy and to solve problems currently being faced by the Sekuro village community in particular. So the approach method used is direct practice and mentoring methods along with teaching aids direct practice methods. The implementation of community service activities is focused on the Sekuro village community who have an interest in fly ash and bottom ash waste management and those who have pilot building material businesses. Some of the programs that have been implemented, namely the offer of cooperation in paving blocks for village development, training in making products from this waste. All participants looked enthusiastic in participating in the whole series of service activities carried out. So that from these activities there is input for assistance to be carried out to market the products produced in the form of paving, bricks, and ornaments.
Perspective of Bioenergetics Theory of Aging
Authors: Eberechi Nwanguma , Johnkennedy Nnodim , Gladys Azuike Chioma , Kingsley Dunga Excel , Akram Muhammad
Published: February 2023

Bioenergetics is concerned with the energy and energy supply in biological systems. Aging decreases bioenergetic capacity and the body's capacity to respond to stress; in other words, vitality falls at both the cellular and organismal levels. Aging is a physiological changes that occur gradually over time and result in senescence in an organism, or a loss in biological processes and an organism's capacity to respond to metabolic stress. As a result, function gradually declines and individuals become more vulnerable to diseases associated with aging. Therefore, some theories of aging are x rayed.
Technology Package for Induced Mutagenesis
Authors: Datta S. K.
Published: February 2023

It is more than 80 years since mutagens were identified as a source of inducing genetic variability in a living system. Since then scientific community is deeply engaged to apply mutation techniques in the crop improvement program. Worldwide activities have generated a massive amount of literature and have led to the release of over 3,000 mutant plant varieties. Many research papers are published each year which are just a stereotype model year after year and we are still repeating some of our experiments as routine activities. Time has come to highlight the history of the past work, rise and fall, reality and limitations of achievements, and prospects of mutation technology.  It is now necessary to assess the present status of mutation after extensive research activities and must implement whatever correction is needed to develop a complete package of mutation technology for maximum commercial utilization of the mutation technique. The knowledge generated so far on vegetatively propagated crops, especially on ornamental crops will work as a model system to prepare a complete technology package for future need-based planning of successful and accurate application of mutation techniques in the crop improvement program.  The article will provide an authoritative review account of many important basic aspects and technical advancements in mutation technology.