bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revision of the nearctic species of the genus Entephria Hübner (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Larentiinae)
Authors: Troubridge James T.
Published: July 2010

The nearctic members of the genus Entephria are revised to include 11 species. Entephria separata, E. lynda, and E. beringiana are described as new; E. nigrescens (Hulst) is placed as a synonym of E. multivagata (Hulst); E. polata punctipes (Curtis), E. polata bradorata (Munroe) and E. polata kidluitata (Munroe) are elevated to species rank; E. polata ursata (Munroe) is placed as a synonym of E. polata polata (Duponchel); E. polata brullei (Lefebvre) and the palaearctic E. byssata (Aurivillius) are synonymized under E. punctipes (Curtis), and E. polata aleutiata (Munroe) is synonymized under E. bradorata. Lectotypes are designated for Scotosia multivagata Hulst, Cydaria byssata Aurivillius, E. takuata Taylor, and E. lagganata Taylor. A neotype is designated for Oporabia punctipes Curtis. Glaucopteryx inventaraia Grote is removed from the genus Entephria. Photographs of adults, drawings of genitalia, and distribution maps are provided.
Systematic revision of the Neotropical genus Entomoderes Solier (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Flores Gustavo E. , Roig-Juñent Sergio
Published: July 2010

The genus Entomoderes (Pimeliinae: Nycteliini) distributed from southern Bolivia to central Argentina is revised and a cladistic analysis including nine species is conducted. It comprises E. infernalis Burmeister, E. subauratus Burmeister, E. pustulosus Fairmaire, E. satanicus Waterhouse, E. draco Waterhouse, E. borealis Peña, E. erebi (Lacordaire), E. cellulosus Waterhouse, and E. zupay sp. n. The cladistic analysis shows that Entomoderes is a natural group of species characterized by several synapomorphic characters from the external morphology and female genitalia. The species relationships are partially resolved. The paper includes a redescription of the genus, redescriptions or descriptions of its nine species, an identification key, drawings of habitus and genitalic features, distribution maps, trees, and a discussion of the phylogeny and distribution of the genus.
A taxonomic revision of the African part of the orb-weaving genus Argiope (Araneae: Araneidae)
Authors: Bjørn PER DE PLACE
Published: July 2010

The genus Argiope Audouin, 1826 (Araneae: Araneidae) is revised for Africa, including neighboring islands and Arabia. Thirteen species are recognized as distinct. Eight of these are redescribed: A. aurocincta Pocock, 1898, A. australis (Walckenaer, 1805), A. bruennichii (Scopoli, 1772), A. coquerelii (Vinson, 1863), A. flavipalpis (Lucas, 1858), A. lobata (Pallas, 1772), A. sector (ForskÅl, 1775), A. trifasciata (ForskÅl, 1775); five species: A. anomalopalpis (generic placement uncertain!), A. comorica, A. tapinolobata, A. levii, and A. ranomafanensis are described as new. The male of A. australis is described for the first time. Nineteen taxa are placed in synonymy: A. anasuja fletcheri Hirst, 1911, A. banana Strand, 1920, A. bruennichii africana Strand, 1906, A. caudata Blackwall, 1865, A. clathrata Koch, 1839, A. clarkii Blackwall, 1865, A. cuspidata Thorell, 1859, A. elegans Thorell, 1859, A. fissilioba Koch, 1875, A. gracilis Blackwall, 1866, A. gibberosa Caporiocco, 1947, A. lordii Cambridge, 1870, A. laeta Thorell, 1859, A. nigripes Simon, 1898, A. nigrovittata Thorell, 1859, A. obscuripes Strand, 1906, A. pechuelii Karsch, 1879, A. sericea capoverdiana Capello, 1866, A. suavissima Gerstäcker, 1873. Keys to the known males and females of all valid taxa are provided.
Paleodoris lattini gen. n., sp. n., a fossil palm bug (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae, Xylastodorinae) in Dominican amber, with habits discernible by comparative functional morphology
Authors: Poinar George O. , Santiago-Blay Jorge A.
Published: July 2010

A new genus and species, Paleodoris lattini gen. n., sp. n. of palm bugs (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae, Xylastodorinae) in Dominican amber represents the first description of a fossil thaumastocorid. The new taxon is near Xylastodoris, an extant genus native to Cuba, but differs from it in the size and shape of the clypeus, mandibular plates and pronotum. The fossil shows a similar morphology (flattened body and legs, porrect head, smooth body surface) to X. luteolus, which inhabits the confined spaces between the closed leaves of the Royal Palm (Roystonea regia). By comparative functional morphology, we presume that the fossil species lived in a similar habitat, possibly between the pinnae of palms that grew in the Dominican Republic some 20-40 million years ago.
First record of Manoa Fittkau and tribe Pseudochironomini Saether from the Afrotropical region (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae)
Authors: Andersen Trond , Sæther Ole A.
Published: July 2010

Manoa tangae sp. n. from the West Usambara Mts in NE Tanzania is described from male and female imagines. The species is the first Afrotropical representative of the tribe Pseudochironomini.
A review of the spider family Filistatidae in Argentina (Arachnida, Araneae), with a cladistic reanalysis of filistatid genera
Authors: Ramírez Martin J. , Grismado Cristian J.
Published: July 2010

The spider family Filistatidae is represented in Argentina by at least twelve species. The synanthropic and apparently introduced Kukulcania hibernalis (Hentz) is the only representative of the Filistatinae. The remaining species all belong to Prithinae. Two new prithine genera are described: Lihuelistata is erected for Filistata metamerica Mello-Leitão, and Misionella is erected for Filistata mendensis Mello-Leitão. Pikelinia Mello-Leitão is represented by P. tambilloi (Mello-Leitão), P. patagonica (Mello-Leitão), newly transferred from Malalistata, and seven new species: P. colloncura, P. mahuell, P. roigi, P. kolla, P. ticucho, P. toba and P. puna. The genus Malalistata Mello-Leitão is newly synonymized with Pikelinia. Filistata fasciata Banks, is transferred to Pikelinia. A cladistic analysis of filistatid genera is made, based on a data matrix of 13 terminals scored for 29 characters. Pikelinia, Lihuelistata and Misionella form a monophyletic group united by the partial fusion of cymbium and tegulum and the incrassate male palpal tibia. The resulting cladogram conflicts with a previous hypothesis of relationships only on the placement of Filistatinella. The morphology of posterior respiratory system of filistatids is examined, and its connections with abdominal muscles elucidated. On that base, it is demonstrated that the remnants of posterior respiratory system of prithines are homologous of entapophyses (muscular apodemes) instead of book-lungs.
A new genus and species of Phoridae (Diptera) from Central Europe with remarkably primitive male genitalia
Authors: Buck Matthias
Published: July 2010

Xenotriphleba dentistylata gen. et sp. n. is described from specimens of both sexes collected in Germany and Switzerland. The new genus resembles Triphleba in non-genitalic characters, but the male genitalia differ from Triphleba Rondani and the majority of phorid genera in possessing two freely articulated surstyli which are not fused to the epandrium. This remarkable character state represents a plesiomorphic ground-plan feature of the Phoridae which has been lost in all genera except Burmophora Beyer and Beyermyia Disney. The phylogenetic significance of selected character states is evaluated and the systematic affinities of the new genus are discussed. Xenotriphleba dentistylata cannot be classified properly in the phylogenetic system of Phoridae proposed by Brown (1992) as the character states observed in this genus are in contradiction to the hypothesized constitutive features of all recognized subfamilies. Until further progress in the classification of Phoridae has been made, X. dentistylata must be regarded as a primitive representative of a basal lineage of this family.
On the morphology of Uralia maculata (Insecta: Diaphanopterida) from the Early Permian (Kungurian) of Ural (Russia)
Authors: Novokshonov Viktor G. , Rasnitsyn Alexandr P.
Published: July 2010

The body morphology of Uralia is studied. Except for the simple (non-segmented) styli on the pregenital abdominal segments, no characters have been found that are exceptionally plesiomorphic for a pterygote insect. The position of the Diaphanopterida within the clade Cimiciformes + Scarabaeiformes is confirmed.
Revision of the genus Peirates Serville, with a cladistic and biogeographic analysis (Heteroptera: Reduviidae, Peiratinae)
Authors: Coscaron MARIA DEL CARMEN
Published: July 2010

The genus Peirates Serville is revised. A total of 32 species are recognized. Its species are assigned to the P. quadrinotatus, P. singularis and P. lepturoides species groups. The P. quadrinotatus species group includes P. argenteopilosus Schouteden and P. quadrinotatus Fabricius; the P. singularis species group comprises its sole species P. singularis StÅl, and the P. lepturoides species group is formed by P. atromaculatus (StÅl) (= P. buruanus Miller, P. consobrinus Miller, P. excelsus Miller, P. immaculatus Miller, P. sordidus Miller, syn. n.), P. monodi Villiers, P. mundulus StÅl, P. nanus Miller, P. niger Signoret, P. nitidicollis Reuter, P. ochripennis Jeannel, P. perinetensis Villiers, P. strepitans Rambur, P. stridulus (Fabricius), P. tellini Schouteden, P. turpis Walker, P. aurigans Distant, P balteatus Germar, P. castaneipennis Reuter, P. cinctiventris Horváth, P. collarti Schouteden, P. confusus Schouteden (= P. amieti Villiers, syn. n.), P. crudelis sp. n., P. dimidiatus Walker (= P. areatus Miller, syn. n.), P. diola Lindberg, P. hybridus (Scopoli), P. lepturoides (Wolff) (= P. mimulus Miller, P. musculus Miller, P. sparsus Miller, syn. n.), P. macilentus Miller, P. marginiventris Distant, P. maurus StÅl, P. monodi Villiers, P. mundulus StÅl, P. nanus Miller, P. nigerrimus sp. n., P. nitidicollis Reuter, P. ochripennis Jeannel, P. perinetensis Villiers, P strepitans Rambur, P. stridulus (Fabricius), P. tellini Schouteden, and P. turpis Walker. Besides, P. sepulchralis Distant and P. sin Linnavuori are transferred to Brachysandalus StÅl, and P. barbarus Miller, P. bicolor Distant, P bicoloripes Breddin, P. flavipes (Walker), P. montivagus Distant, P. pallens Miller, and P. semifasciatus to Lestomerus Amyot & Serville, and P. umbrosus StÅl to Microsandalus StÅl. P. concinnus Walker cannot be assigned to any existing genus. P. cyaneonitens Breddin was not studied, and P. parvulus (Signoret), P. punctum (Fabricius), P. vittatus Reuter are considered as nomina dubia. Species are described, illustrated, and their geographical distribution is mapped. A key for separating all the species is given. A phylogenetic analysis of the species is presented. In the cladogram, the P. quadrinotatus, P. singularis and P. lepturoides species groups are monophyletic and a sister group relationship exists between the P. quadrinotatus group and the combined P. singularis + P. lepturoides groups. The geographical distribution of the species shows an African-Indopacific generalized track with an Indian Ocean baseline. The genus Peirates is hypothesized to have a tropical Gondwanan origin, with subsequent spread into the Palearctic region.
A new species of the genus Gabrius Stephens from Sweden (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)
Authors: Gillerfors Gösta
Published: July 2010

Gabrius dufbergi sp. n. is described and illustrated from a single male specimen collected in the province of Scania (SkÅne), Sweden. Collection data are given.
An apterous, possibly phragmotic new species representing a new genus and subfamily of Elipsocidae (Psocoptera) from South Australia
Authors: Smithers Courtenay
Published: July 2010

A new subfamily (YUNTAPSOCINAE, subfam. n.) is proposed for Yuntapsocus hollowayi gen. & sp. n., an apterous, cryptic and possibly phragmotic new taxon of Elipsocidae (Psocoptera) described from near Yunta, in arid South Australia. This remarkable species is known from one adult female only which was beaten from vegetation alongside a dry river bed. The unique modifications of several morphological features strongly suggest that the insect lives in a dark, confined, habitat such as a tunnel in wood or a termites' or ants' nest and may use a clunial plate to close the tunnel. Analogous morphological modifications in the only confirmed wood boring, phragmotic psocopteran, Psilopsocus mimulus Smithers, are discussed.
Holarctic distributions in the genus Bibio (Diptera: Bibionidae)
Authors: Fitzgerald Scott , Skartveit John
Published: July 2010

Holarctic distributions in the genus Bibio, minus the Bibio clavipes-group, are discussed. The species Bibio brunnipes (Fabricius), Bibio rufipes (Zetterstedt) and Bibio siebkei Mik are found to have Holarctic distributions. Bibio fulvipes (Zetterstedt), Bibio fumipennis Walker, Bibio tenellus Hardy, and Bibio rufitibialis Hardy are synonymized with Bibio brunnipes. Bibio velorum McAtee and Bibio columbiaensis Hardy are synonymized with Bibio rufipes. Bibio labradorensis Johnson and Bibio monstri James are synonymized with Bibio siebkei. The relationship between the Palaearctic Bibio pomonae (Fabricius) and the Nearctic Bibio holtii McAtee and Bibio bryanti Johnson is discussed. Bibio strobli Duda is tentatively retained as a good species. Diagnoses are given for each species and illustrations of the male fore tibia, hypopygia and hind leg and the female terminalia and head are given for comparison. The ecological preferences and flight periods of each species are commented on.
The types of the species of Cosmoclostis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae) and their genitalia
Authors: Arenberger Ernst
Published: July 2010

The habitus and genitalia of the type specimens of all species belonging to Cosmoclostis Meyrick are figured, as well as the genitalia of the opposite sex, where possible. Lectotypes are designated for the following species: Diacrotricha auxileuca Meyrick, Cosmoclostis pesseuta Meyrick, C. premnicola Fletcher and C. quadraquadra Walsingham. Cosmoclostis premnicola Fletcher is recognised as a new synonym of C. pesseuta Meyrick.
A reassessment and review of the Australian genus Ctenomeristis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae: Phycitinae)
Authors: Horak Marianne
Published: July 2010

Due to confusion about the type species the Australian genus Ctenomeristis Meyrick has been misinterpreted. The genus is revised, comprising the type species Ctenomeristis almella (Meyrick), and Ctenorneristis subfuscella (Hampson), Ctenomeristis paucicornuti sp. n., Ctenomeristis albata sp. n. (present also in Papua New Guinea), Ctenomeristis shafferi sp. n. and Ctenomeristis sebasmia (Meyrick) comb. n. The genus Eremographa Meyrick syn. n. is synonymised with Ctenomeristis. A cladistic analysis and comprehensive illustrations draw attention to the remarkably homoplasious antenna and labial palpus in a clearly monophyletic group with uniquely derived male genitalia. Lectotypes are designated for Ceroprepes almella Meyrick and Odontarthria subfuscella Hampson.
Revision of the Limnebius nitidus (Marsham) subgroup (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae), with description of two new species and comments on their phylogeny and biogeography
Authors: Fresneda Javier , Ribera Ignacio
Published: July 2010

The nine known species of the Limnebius nitidus subgroup sensu Jäch (1993) are revised, and two new species are described, L. monfortei sp. n. from the Sierra Nevada (Spain), and L. ordunyai sp. n. from Puertos de Beceite (Spain). The phylogenetic relationships of the species of the group are tentatively discussed based on the characters of the aedeagus, and in relation to their present distributions.
New Technomyrmex in Dominican amber (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a reappraisal of Dolichoderinae phylogeny
Authors: Brandão C. Roberto F. , Wagensberg Jorge , Baroni Urbani Cesare , Yamamoto Christiane I.
Published: July 2010

A new species of Technomyrmex (T. caritatis sp. n.) is described based on workers and larvae from Dominican amber (Oligocene to Lower Miocene). These are preserved with eggs and pupae of the same species and with five other insects in one amber piece found in the Palo Quemado Mine, near Santiago and in two separate amber pieces collected in Carlos Diaz Mine. Both mines are in Cordillera Septentrional. Iridomyrmex hispaniolae Wilson is redescribed and transferred to Technomyrmex. Most Technomyrmex species occur from Africa, east through southern Asia, to Australia. One species transported by human activity is known in the New World and there is only one extant native Neotropical species recorded from Panama. Technomyrmex likely represents a case of an Old World ant genus undergoing extinction in the New World. We discuss the affinities of this genus with the extant Dolichoderinae and the phylogeny of the subfamily.
Wing polymorphism in Dorypteryx domestica (Smithers) (Psocoptera: Psyllipsocidae)
Authors: Kučerová Zuzana
Published: July 2010

New wing morphs of the synanthropic psocid Dorypteryx domestica are described, including wing morphology and body measurements. These forms are intermediate in wing length and other morphological traits between normal brachypterous and fully macropterous morphs. These individuals were reared from brachypterous parents in a laboratory culture. Aspects of alary polymorphism are discussed.
A revision of Australian species of the genus Macroscytus Fieber (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cydnidae)
Authors: Lis Jerzy A.
Published: July 2010

A revision of Australian species of the genus Macroscytus Fieber is presented, including descriptions of eight new species: M. annulipoides (Queensland), M. arnhemicus (Queensland, Northern Territory), M. australoides (South Australia), M. bisetosus (Queensland), M. glaberrimus (Queensland), M. minimus (Queensland), M. monteithi (Queensland), and M. pseudaustralis (Western Australia). M. dilatatus (Signoret, 1881) is synonymized with M. piceus (West-wood, 1837). A key for the determination of all Australian species of the genus is provided.
Morphometric analyses of Palaearctic Dasineura and Jaapiella species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae, Oligotrophini) developing in flower heads of Asteraceae, with description of four new species
Authors: Sylvén Edvard , Lindberg BO
Published: July 2010

Morphometric studies of males and females of species of oligotrophine Cecidomyiidae reared from flower heads of seven genera of Asteraceae (Centaurea, Cirsium, Hieracium, Hypochoeris, Inula, Reichardia, and Saussurea) demonstrated, despite great overall morphological conformity, many instances of statistically significant differences between the species. Measurement values of structures in adult specimens were corrected for allometric deviations according to a procedure representing a further development of a method previously used for taxonomic purposes in gall midges. No galls produced by these midges have been observed. Beyond adults, also pupae and larvae were studied. Two Dasineura species and several Jaapiella species are represented. Four new species are described: Dasineura vulgatiformiae Sylvén, Jaapiella hypochoeridis Sylvén, Jaapiella pilosellae Sylvén, and Jaapiella reichardiae Sylvén.
The Tipula (Acutipula) bosnica species group, with the description of a new species from Turkey (Diptera: Tipulidae)
Authors: De Jong Herman , Koç Hasan , Hasbenli Abdullah
Published: July 2010

The Tipula (Acutipula) bosnica species group is a small group of crane flies containing three known species, viz. T. (A.) aureola Mannheims, T. (A.) bosnica Strobl, and the newly described Turkish T. (A.) aktashi. The male, female, and male pupal skin of T. (A.) aktashi are described and illustrated. T. (A.) aktashi is compared with the other two species of the bosnica group; genital structures of aureola and bosnica are illustrated. A map showing the distribution of the three species is given. The phylogenetic position of the bosnica group in the Tipulidae is discussed; the group takes a rather isolated position within Acutipula and apparently represents an old western Palaearctic lineage.
Revision of the Nearctic Liodessus affinis (Say 1823) species group (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae, Bidessini)
Authors: Miller Kelly B.
Published: July 2010

North American members of the Liodessus affinis (Say 1823) species complex are revised. The species group comprises four species. Two new species are described: L. noviaffinis (type locality: Gainesville Forest Insect Lab, Alachua Co., Florida) and L. saratogae (type locality: Saratoga Springs, San Bernardino County, California). Liodessus obscurellus (LeConte 1852), formerly considered a junior subjective synonym of L. affinis, is given specific status. The following synonymies are established: L. affinis microreticulatus (Hatch 1928), L. charlottii (Clark 1862), L. emilianus (Clark 1862), L. erythrostomus (Mannerheim 1852), L. macularis (LeConte 1852), and L. nigrinus (Casey 1884) = L. obscurellus. All of these names were previously treated as junior subjective synonyms of L. affinis. Also, L. youngi (Larson & Roughley 1990) = L. abjectus (Sharp 1882). Lectotypes are designated for L. abjectus, L. charlottii, L. erythrostomus, L. emilianus, L. macularis, L. nigrinus, and L. obscurellus. A neotype is designated for L. affinis. Liodessus nanus (Aubé 1838) is considered a species name of uncertain status, but is probably a subjective synonym of L. affinis. A key is provided for the nine known species of North American Liodessus Guignot. The genus Liodessus is diagnosed, and its taxonomic history and questionable status as a natural group are discussed. The L. affinis complex is diagnosed, and its taxonomic history and natural history are discussed. Male genitalia are the only consistently useful structures known for differentiating species in the L. affinis complex. Females are not distinguishable based on currently known morphological features but may be identified using geographic information. Characters used previously, including coloration, punctation and general shape are too variable within and between species to be useful for species diagnosis or delimitation. For each species in the complex the following are provided: a bibliography of the species, discussion of type specimens, taxonomic history and synonymy, diagnosis, variation, etymology (for new species), geographic relationships, natural history, and geographic distribution. Distribution maps and illustrations of important structural features are provided for all species of the complex. For other Nearctic species of Liodessus the following are provided: a brief bibliography of the species, diagnosis, distribution, remarks about bionomics and/or taxonomy, and illustrations of important structural features.
The genera Velarifictorus, Modicogryllus and Mitius in Thailand (Ensifera: Gryllidae, Gryllinae)
Authors: Ingrisch Sigfrid
Published: July 2010

A report on the species of the genera Velarifictorus, Modicogryllus and Mitius (Gryllidae, Gryllinae, Modicogryllini) from Thailand as conserved in the Zoological Museum Copenhagen, the Department of Agriculture Bangkok, and the authors collection is given. The collection comprised 16 species of Velarifictorus of which 15 are new to science (V. acutilobus, V. angustus, V. bicornis, V. bulbosus, V. confinius, V. gradifrons, V. horridus, V. minoculus, V modicoides, V. pui, V rectus, V. spinosus, V. sulcifrons, V. tenepalpus, V. triangularis) and one species, V. aspersus (Walker, 1869), is widespread in the Indo-Malayan region. Of the genus Modicogryllus, three species were found, M. consobrinus (Saussure, 1877), M. siamensis Chopard, 1961, and M. semiobscurus (Chopard, 1969). Previous authors often misidentified two of them making the following nomenclatorial corrections necessary: M. confirmatus Walker, 1859 is redescribed from the holotype; records from outside Sri Lanka should be verified. M. consobrinus (Saussure, 1877) is re-established as a valid species with the following synonyms: Gryllus lineiceps Walker, 1871 (= junior homonym of G. lineiceps Walker, 1869), Gryllus walkeri Chopard, 1961. A male from Teinzo (Burma) is fixed as lectotype. The following taxa become new synonyms of M. siamensis Chopard, 1961: M. confirmatus Bhowmik, 1977 (nec Walker, 1859), M. confirmatus Vasanth 1993 (nec Walker, 1859), M. pacificus Otte, 1994b. The genus Mitius is represented with two species, M. enatus Gorochov, 1994 and M. castaneus (Chopard, 1937). Information on stridulation of some Velarifictorus and Mitius species is given. The time pattern of stridulation of Mitius species is composed of diplo-pulses instead of single pulses as in other Gryllinae.
A marine water strider (Hemiptera: Veliidae) from Dominican amber
Authors: Andersen N. Møller , Poinar George O.
Published: July 2010

A fossil water strider, Halovelia electrodominica sp. n., is described from the Oligo-Miocene Dominican amber based upon a couple seemingly trapped while they were mating. This is the first fossil record of the genus Halovelia (Haloveliinae, Veliidae) and, since most living haloveliine water striders are marine, probably also the first record of a marine insect from amber. Extant haloveliines are confined to the Indo-West Pacific region and the Dominican amber species therefore represent another example of remarkable geographical extinction in the Caribbean during the late Tertiary.
Phylogeny of the South African species of restioid leafhoppers, tribe Cephalelini (Homoptera: Cicadellidae, Ulopinae)
Authors: Prendini Lorenzo , Linder H. Peter
Published: July 2010

A cladistic analysis of the twenty-one South African species of restioid leafhoppers (Cicadellidae : Ulopinae: Cephalelini) is presented, based on fifty characters of the adult morphology. The results are largely congruent with Davies' (1986) subjective hypothesis. Monophyly of the genera Cephalelus Evans and Duospina Davies is supported. Two major clades are evident within the genus Cephalelus.
Friederia, a new Afrotropical tanytarsine genus (Diptera: Chironomidae)
Authors: Andersen Trond , Sæther Ole A.
Published: July 2010

Generic diagnosis to the male imago of the new genus Friederia is given. Friederia villosa sp. n. from the rain forest of Western Ghana is described as male imago. Parsimony analyses of the subtribe Zavreliina of the tribe Tanytarsini of the subfamily Chironominae show that Friederia forms the sister genus of the unambiguously monophyletic Stempellinella Brundin with Zavrelia Kieffer as the sister group of the two combined, Neostempellina Reiss as the sister group of all three, and otherwise confirm previous phylogenetic analyses.
Description of the larval stages of Heterosternuta diversicornis (Sharp) (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae)
Authors: Alarie Y. , Fritz K.
Published: July 2010

Description of structures of all three larval instars of Heterosternuta diversicornis (Sharp) is presented. The chaetotaxy and porotaxy of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment, and urogomphi are discussed in detail. A close similarity between larvae of H. diversicornis, H. wickhami Zaitzev and H. cocheconis (Fall) is confirmed. All three species distinguish from the closely related species of the genus Neoporus Guignot by (i) a very short and constricted siphon, (ii) the primary setae FE8 and FE9 which are subequal in length to the maximum width of the metafemur (first instar), (iii) the absence of natatory setae on all tibiae and tarsi, and (iv) the contiguous position of the primary setae UR2 and UR3 on the urogomphomere 1.
Wanzia fako, a new genus and species of spider from Cameroon (Araneae: Cyatholipidae)
Authors: Griswold Charles E.
Published: July 2010

The new genus and species Wanzia fako (Araneac, Cyatholipidae) is described from Cameroon. It is related to the genera Isicabu (from southern and eastern Africa), Scharffa (from East Africa) and Alaranea (from Madagascar).
Karyotype differences and speciation in the gall wasp Andricus mukaigawae (s. lat.) (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), with description of the new species A. kashiwaphilus
Authors: Abe Yoshihisa
Published: July 2010

Andricus mukaigawae (s. lat.) has been considered to consist of two 'host races' adapted to different host plant species. Karyotypes of unisexual females of both host races were investigated. The two races were found to have different karyotypes (2n = 10 and 2n = 12). Overall, the karyotype was uniform within each race, and no structural heterozygosity of chromosomes occurred in individuals from localities where the two races coexist. Thus, the two races are regarded as distinct species. In addition to the karyotype differences, the species are clearly distinguishable on the basis of the shapes of the unisexual galls. Judging from the original description and illustration, the name Andricus mukaigawae (s. str.) can be applied to one race, whereas the other race is here described as Andricus kashiwaphilus sp. n. The karyotype of one species is likely to have evolved from that of the other by centric fission or centric fusion. The basic numbers of n = 5 and 6 are new records for the Cynipoidea, which usually have larger numbers of chromosomes. A small number of chromosomes may be a synapomorphy for the studied species, since other Andricus species examined so far have n = 10.
A review of the Afrotropical and Palaearctic genera of Lomatiinae (Diptera: Bombyliidae)
Authors: Greathead D.J.
Published: July 2010

The history of the genus Lomatia Meigen is reviewed in relation to the status of the Afrotropical species. A phylogenetic analysis of the Afrotropical and Palaearctic genera of Lomatiinae demonstrates that the Afrotropical species of Lomatia should be transferred to a new genus, Notolomatia gen. n. A key is given to these genera along with notes including short diagnoses, distribution and species contained in them. The synonymy of L. graeca Paramonov with L. luchesis is established. The zoogeography of the Lomatiinae is discussed in relation to the origin of the Palaearctic genera.
A review of the genus Morocus Hoffman, 1990, with two new species from the Ivory Coast (Diplopoda, Polydesmida: Oxydesmidae)
Authors: Alderweireldt Mark , Enghoff Henrik
Published: July 2010

Morocus robustus and M. acutus, both from the Ivory Coast, are described as new. A modified diagnosis of the genus is given, as well as some phylogenetic considerations, a distribution map, and an updated identification key.
The Aesthetics of the Public Space
Authors: Szilágyi-Gál Mihály
Published: July 2010

These words of Victor Burgin serve as the motto of the first issue of the Review. In fact, the very same sentences can be taken as the motto also of this review of the Review. One of the authors in Idea's first issue, Boris Groys recalls Greenberg's words, that the avant-gard imitates art, and art imitates the world itself - the avant-gard imitates art because art is part of the world. Idea leaves the impression of a report of an avant-gard renaissance in the present art of the East-Central European and Balkan regions. It does not commit itself to any particular artistic current: its foci are the aesthetic phenomena of everyday life, and the concordant relationship between art and society.
The Archaeology of the Northwestern Slavs (Seventh To Ninth Centuries)
Authors: Brather Sebastian
Published: July 2010

Twenty years ago things seemed to be quite clear: several different groups of Slavs had invaded East Central Europe at some point during the sixth century, and all archaeologically identifiable, cultural characteristics pointed to a Slavic 'homeland' in Eastern Europe. More recent research, however, has shown this to be a rather simplistic view of the past. This paper is intended as an overview of the current archaeological research on the early Middle Ages that is responsible for the radical change of view of the last decade or so. Dendrochronology, new approaches, and the critical assessment of the historiography of the problem contribute now to a different understanding. The material culture - pottery, hillforts, settlement features, burials - can now be explained in terms of the contemporary situation in East Central Europe, i. e., the consolidation of settlement patterns, economic structures, and society. Exactly what that means for the debate about the 'origins' of the western Slavs remains a matter of further research and discussion.
"Medicis for the Fatherland"? Artists and Cracow, 1879-1910
Authors: Dabrowski Patrice M.
Published: July 2010

Abstract: This article focuses on the fascinating role played by several Polish artists in several Polish historical commemorations. These celebrations, held in the city of Cracow, took place in the last decades before the reestablishment of an independent Polish state. Painters felt moved to enter the public sphere during this period; in the process they became, or attempted to become, benefactors ("Medicis") of the nation. Although three artists - Henryk Siemiradzki, Jan Mate- jko, and Jan Styka - figured prominently in three large public commemorations of Polish historical anniversaries of the period (the 1879 jubilee of Jozef Ignacy Kraszewski, the 1883 bicentennial of the Relief of Vienna, and the 1910 quincen- tennial of the Battle of Grunwald, respectively), their projects did not always have the support of the Cracow notables, who seemed to place the interests of the municipality over those of the nation at large.
Die Stadt, Der Adel Und Das Theater. Prag Und Lemberg Im 19. Jahrhundert Im Vergleich
Authors: Ther Philipp
Published: July 2010

This article examines nobles' influence on the culture of cities in East Central Europe. In a follow-up to his latest book, the author compares the opera theatres in Lemberg and Prague, and considers how they positioned themselves vis-á-vis their respective cities. The article explains the rise and fall of aristocratic dominance that for a long time ran counter to the embourgeoisement of the opera stages of Western Europe. In East Central Europe, the aristocracy was vital in establishing public theatres which became the most significant competitors of court theatres in the first half of the nineteenth century. The article also analyses power struggles over the theatre between various social and political groups in the second half of the nineteenth century, when the intelligentsia increasingly questioned nobles' domination of the theatre. Although these power struggles destabilized the respective opera houses at times, they contributed to the identification of the two cities with them. The article ends by outlining how Prague and Lemberg fashioned themselves as "opera cities."
The Question of Urban Citizens' National Identity in Mid-Nineteenth Century Hungary
Authors: Czoch Gábor
Published: July 2010

This article examines the characteristics and problems of urbanization in mid-nineteenth century Hungary, analyzing contemporary debates on conditions in and the modernization of cities. The core of the argument focuses on the representation of cities in the political discourse determined by the liberal nobility in conflict with the Viennese court. Although the overall view of cities was negative, the points of criticism, notably, economic backwardness, small population, dependence on the central authorities) underwent considerable change from the end of the eighteenth to the middle of the nineteenth century. Most importantly, increasing stress was placed on the non-Hungarian (mainly German) provenience of the citizenry, which also reflected one of the key aspects of the emerging Hungarian nationalist discourse. It seems, however, that citizens' perceptions of the urban issues did not derive from their national identity. In cities inhabited by German or mixed populations, the ethnicity of citizens as a problem and as a marker determining social identity was imposed from outside as a result of political debates on a national level.
Camillo Sitte: Romantic or Realist? the Picturesque City Reconsidered
Authors: Moravánszky Ákos
Published: July 2010

Austrian architect Camillo Sitte, author of the important treatise on urban design, Der Städtebau nach seinen künstlerischen Grundsätzen (1889), is known as the founder of romantic "picturesque" urbanism. One has to differentiate, however, between the two meanings of the German term das Malerische: "picturesque" and "painterly." Sitte is clearly connected with the representatives of modem picturesque urbanism. In his "Townscape Casebook," Gordon Cullen published a collection of photos and sketches to reinvigorate a picturesque way of seeing and thus set forth a basis for the design of the environment based on picturesque principles. Cullen proposed the concept of the townscape to develop a comprehensive "field of vision" that gathered heterogeneous elements into a unified whole - an idea that influenced the work of the American urban theorist Kevin Lynch. In fact, populist arguments could be detected in those representations of the picturesque as a way of seeing that corresponded to the supposed "national character." Sitte himself expected a "unified national work of art" to emerge as a result of the "popular synthesizing" of all the visual arts.
Der Städtebau Oder Methodisches Zur Sinnlichen Praxis
Authors: Reiterer Gabriele
Published: July 2010

When, in 1889, Camillo Sitte's Städtebau came out in print in Vienna, it quickly became an unexpected sensation. Sitte's text is a manual for the spatial perception of cities. It was written at the time when intellectuals were feverishly searching for an adequate concept of space, and with this text Sitte de facto "invented" urban space, with all its broader implications. Städtebau is a masterpiece of inter- and transdisciplinary work that can only be understood in its totality but, above all, it is also a concise professional textbook in the conventional sense of the term. The span and complexity of ideas make the book unique, as this article underlines. Jede unserer Erkenntnisse beginnt bei den Empfindungen. Leonardo da Vinci
Gemeindeverwaltung Und Lokale Eliten in Den Böhmischen Läandern 1850-1918, Teilergebnisse Der Forschung in Der Tschechischen Republik
Authors: Kladiwa LukáŠ Fasora-Pavel
Published: July 2010

As opposed to German scholarship, the issue of municipal self-government and communal elites has not received much attention in Czech historiography. This represents a significant shortcoming: in the absence of an analysis of the mechanisms by which self-governing municipalities functioned, it is not possible to describe the constitution of modem civil society in the nineteenth century, including the development of national relations. This article provides an overview of relevant German and Austrian literature, proposes a methodology of research in the Czech environment, including an analysis of the use-fulness of individual types of archival sources, and offers preliminary results of the reviewers' research on the cities of Moravská Ostrava and Brno. Close attention is paid to the social-professional composition of communal elites, national and religious development, municipal economies with regard to communal companies, and the process of creating a modem state administration.
Ein Tourist in Prag Um Jahrhundertwende
Authors: Velek LuboŠ
Published: July 2010

This "re-review" deals with the tourist guidebook of Prague, first published in 1881 and later as a reprint in 2002. In this discussion, the reviewer deals with both the structure of the period guide-book - including themes considered relevant for the tourist of the time as well as the book's attempt to present the city in the best possible light to visitors. Of particular interest is the guidebook's presentation of the array of nationalities (Czechs, Germans, Jews) living in the city. Although Czech and German communities had already become isolated from one another and the first violent conflicts had appeared when the guidebook was originally published, these issues were not reflected in the book. Rather, its author stubbornly worked to prove the age-long "Czechness" of Prague based on "historical facts." The reviewer finds equally surprising the book's effort to delete "German" traces in the history of Prague, such as omitting information on Mozart's visits to the city.
Learned Societies and Academic Sociability in Nineteenth-Century Transylvania
Authors: Török Borbála Zsuzsanna
Published: July 2010

Proceeding on sub-state and transnational scales, the study inquires into the cultural contextualization of those marginal territories of Europe whose participation in the larger circulation of knowledge and goods had faced prolonged infrastructural, economic, and political hindrances. The author seeks an answer to the question whether such regions with unusual social fragmentation, economic backwardness, and exotic external image do still belong to the “European” realm. Comparing the divergent trajectories of local learned societies in the eastern province of the Habsburg monarchy, Transylvania, she inquires into the correlation of scholarly practice and the formation of collective identities with regard to internal and external constitutive factors, and patronage and political support from the state (or the lack of it). The essay ends with a mixed result; local practices carried the peculiarities of the immediate environment, and also the impact of a Central-European, that is, Austrian, and German academic tradition. This locality could, and indeed, did occasionally look outlandish to native critics and foreign travelers. However, at least at the level of elite culture and scholarship, this province also shared the general traits of the “Western” practice.
Orientalism and Nation: Jews and Muslims as Alterity in Southeastern Europe in the Age of Nation-States, 1878–1941
Authors: Müller Dietmar
Published: July 2010

The process of assigning the place for Jews in the Romanian nation code and for (Albanian) Muslims in the Serbian one is analyzed as Orientalistic. While the Great Powers served as role models in the Romanian and Serbian identity construction, these principal Others were represented as uncivilized and non-European, preventing the nation-states from their European destiny. This discursive construction of the nation in major debates is identified as a first step which was followed by policy recommendations from intellectuals and actual attempts to fulfill the dream of an ethnically homogenous nation-state. This sequence's latter parts are represented by a number of case studies, such as citizenship regulations in the Constitution and other laws, the possibilities for representing political interests and cultural rights for Jews and Muslims, colonization projects in Kosovo and Dobrudja, and measures to “protect Romanian labor”.
Lemberg (Lwów, L'viv) Architecture, 1772–1918: If Not the Little Vienna of the East, or the National Bastion, What Else?
Authors: Prokopovych Markian
Published: July 2010

The historiography on the nineteenth-century architecture of Lemberg—and, for that matter, on Lwów, Lvov, and L'viv—remains a contested field among different national camps. At the same time, these conflicting historiographic traditions have not been able to treat the complex history of this multiethnic city in an adequate manner. On the one hand, there exists a prevailing tendency to view the Habsburg period in the city's history through a national lens, highlighting only those facts and figures that would confirm the city being—or becoming—a bastion of a particular national culture. Consequently, Polish and Ukrainian literature often neglected entire projects and even time periods, assuming that, prior to Lemberg's municipal autonomy of 1867, the entire urban planning achievement by the Austrian German-speaking bureaucracy was insignificant to the city's history and had therefore no consequence for the later fin-de-siècle developments. On the other hand, superficial assumptions of Lemberg serving as “crossroads of civilizations” and “little Vienna of the East” lacked a critical perspective and often overlooked significant local phenomena that evolved independently from Viennese or other influence. In arguing against these simplistic assumptions, this paper suggests an alternative, syncretic approach that combines entangled history and a careful treatment of the ethnic dimension in Lemberg's history.
The Study of the DDR in the USA
Authors: Croan Melvin
Published: July 2010

Until the mid- to late 1960s, East Germany remained a virtual terra incognita to all but the tiniest handful of specialists in the United States. Even today, the discovery of the DDR by wider American publics-both academic and non-academic-can scarcely be regarded as anything like complete. Yet, after surveying the state of American research on the DDR, Peter C. Ludz concluded in 1970 that despite certain problems, its future prospects seemed bright.1 Indeed, he contended that the high level of development of social science techniques in the United States, together with geographic detachment from day-to-day involvement in intra-German politics, might enable American scholars to come to grips with "the basic questions" more readily than their German colleagues.2 Just how well has that optimistic forecast been borne out? Readers are invited to draw their own conclusions from the discussion that follows. Since the present treatment, rather than aspiring to be comprehensive, seeks to depict general trends, identify specific problems, and explore future prospects-all in the author's own disciplinary speciality, political science, several cautionary observations should be recorded at the outset. The study of politics, in the United States no less than elsewhere, must constantly grapple with the fact-value dilemma. I believe there can never be a genuinely wertfrei social science, in the sense in which some Americans have tended, somewhat one-sidedly, I think, to understand Max Weber's scientific aspirations. Similarly, with respect to the sociology of knowledge, Karl Mannheim's postulation of a freischwebende Intelligenz appears, to employ Mannheim's own terminology, to be utopian. If, as I believe, political science must be regarded as "metapolitics," then any treatment of work in the field of political science becomes a kind of "meta-metapolitics."3 Thus, description is inseparable from evaluation, if only because all description necessarily "involves selection, synthesis, and sequence."4 My personal value biases (broadly humanistic) and methodological preferences (I favor choosing the particular research techniques appropriate to specific subject of investigation rather than vice versa and am always distrustful of narrowly positivistic approaches) will be apparent in the account that follows. They will obviously also inform the recommendations for possible directions in future work on the DDR with which the present report concludes.
Population Politics in Poland
Authors: Besemeres J.
Published: July 2010

This article attempts briefly to review the main areas in which population trends in post-war Poland have raised or impinged on political issues. It is divided into the following seven subsections: (1) demographic background; (2) evolution of policies on population questions; (3) economic effects; (4) ethnic relations; (5) foreign relations; (6) ideology; and (7) population policy debates and dilemmas. This particular scheme has been adopted in order to facilitate a comparative approach to these problems for the socialist countries of Europe (including the USSR).1 Consequently the neatness of fit tends to vary slightly from item to item and country to country. Thus sections (4) and (5) are included here, though their inherent importance from a narrowly Polish perspective might not strike one as overwhelming. Within the broad and diffuse field of overlap between politics and demography, particular emphasis is concentrated on numerical demographic trends rather than qualitative ones; and the implicit criterion of relevance universally applied is political sensitivity. Thus, for example, fluctuations in manpower supply and discussions of pro-natalism in population policy are given special consideration as being both more "numerical" and politically more sensitive, whereas problems like the stagnation of small towns and the plight of elderly and socially isolated farmers tend to be neglected as being both more qualitative than quantitative (or, perhaps, as more sociological than demographic), and more directly social than political. Insofar as social issues of this type enter into debates on population policy as such, they are reviewed in section (7).