bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Algebraic Structure Graphs over the Commutative Ring Zm: Exploring Topological Indices and Entropies Using M-Polynomials
Authors: Alali Amal S. , Ali Shahbaz , Hassan Noor , Mahnashi Ali M. , Shang Yilun , Assiry Abdullah
Published: September 2023

The field of mathematics that studies the relationship between algebraic structures and graphs is known as algebraic graph theory. It incorporates concepts from graph theory, which examines the characteristics and topology of graphs, with those from abstract algebra, which deals with algebraic structures such as groups, rings, and fields. If the vertex set of a graph G^ is fully made up of the zero divisors of the modular ring Zn, the graph is said to be a zero-divisor graph. If the products of two vertices are equal to zero under (modn), they are regarded as neighbors. Entropy, a notion taken from information theory and used in graph theory, measures the degree of uncertainty or unpredictability associated with a graph or its constituent elements. Entropy measurements may be used to calculate the structural complexity and information complexity of graphs. The first, second and second modified Zagrebs, general and inverse general Randics, third and fifth symmetric divisions, harmonic and inverse sum indices, and forgotten topological indices are a few topological indices that are examined in this article for particular families of zero-divisor graphs. A numerical and graphical comparison of computed topological indices over a proposed structure has been studied. Furthermore, different kinds of entropies, such as the first, second, and third redefined Zagreb, are also investigated for a number of families of zero-divisor graphs.
Retrieving Chinese Questions and Answers Based on Deep-Learning Algorithm
Authors: Wang Huan , Li Jian , Wang Jiapeng
Published: September 2023

Chinese open-domain reading comprehension question answering is a task in the field of natural language processing. Traditional neural network-based methods lack interpretability in answer reasoning when addressing open-domain reading comprehension questions. This research is grounded in cognitive science’s dual-process theory, where System One performs question reading and System Two handles reasoning, resulting in a novel Chinese open-domain question-answering retrieval algorithm. The experiment employs the publicly available WebQA dataset and is compared against other reading comprehension methods, with the F1-score reaching 78.66%, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Therefore, adopting a reading comprehension question-answering model based on cognitive graphs can effectively address Chinese reading comprehension questions.
Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis: Impact on Platelet Aggregation
Authors: Peric Sasa , Todorovic Zeljko , Zdravkovic Nebojsa , Gogic Andjela , Simovic Stefan , Grbovic Vesna , Maksic Mladen , Jakovljevic Stefan , Milovanovic Olivera , Zdravkovic Natasa
Published: September 2023

Background and Objectives: Ulcerative colitis is chronic and/or progressive inflammation of the colorectal mucosa and submucosa and represents one of two major inflammatory bowel diseases. Ulcerative colitis has been associated with increased risk of arteriosus and venous thrombosis. There are numerous factors responsible for this; one of them is platelet activation and aggregation. The objective of our study was to determine if different treatment options for ulcerative colitis have an impact on platelet aggregation. Materials and Methods: This research was a prospective, observational study and included 94 newly diagnosed patients with UC divided into four treatment groups. For all patients, we measured platelet aggregability by using an impedance aggregometry method with a multiplate analyzer before and after treatment with infliximab, adalimumab, vedolizumab and azathioprine. A Paired Samples t test was performed in order to determine the difference in platelet aggregability before and after a certain therapy, since the data followed a normal distribution. Taking into account the impact of some clinical characteristics, multiple linear regression was conducted for the purpose of estimating the effect of therapy on the level of reduction in platelet aggregability. Results: All four drugs significantly reduced platelet aggregability. After we excluded the influence of clinical and endoscopic scores and disease localization on the results, we found that infliximab had the greatest anti-platelet activity. Conclusions: In addition to the well-known traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis, activation and aggregation of platelets play a significant role in the development of arterial thrombosis, and our results suggested that therapy use for the treatment of UC, especially infliximab, can have a great impact on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality by decreasing platelet aggregability.
The Association of Severe Coronary Tortuosity and Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Zebic Mihic Petra , Saric Sandra , Bilic Curcic Ines , Mihaljevic Ivan , Juric Iva
Published: September 2023

Background and Objectives: There is an increasing interest in the coronary tortuosity as a novel pathophysiological mechanism of ischemia in coronary artery disease without significant obstruction, but there are a lack of studies to confirm this relationship in the clinical setting. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association of severe coronary tortuosity and the potential role of coronary blood supply dominance in the appearance of myocardial ischemia in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (non-CAD), compared to patients with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). Materials and Methods: The study enrolled 131 participants (71 male and 60 female), recruited among patients referred to cardiologists due to angina symptoms with ischemic alterations established by cardiac stress tests, as well as those admitted to the hospital for acute coronary syndrome. Results: Mean age of recruited patients was 61.6 (±10.1) years. According to the coronary angiography, they were divided into two groups: non-obstructive and obstructive CAD (77 and 54, respectively). There were significantly more women (61% vs. 24%, p < 0.001) in the non-CAD group. Both tortuous coronary arteries (50.6% vs. 14.8%, p < 0.001) and left coronary dominance (37.7% vs. 16.7%, p = 0.006) were more frequent in the non-CAD group compared to the CAD group. Female sex (OR = 17.516, p = 0.001), tortuous coronary arteries (OR = 7.962, p = 0.006) and left dominance of blood supply were significant predictors for non-CAD. Conclusions: Non-obstructive CAD is common among patients, especially women, who are referred for coronary angiography. Severe coronary artery tortuosity is the strongest independent predictor of non-obstructive CAD, followed by female gender and left coronary dominance.
Extended Endonasal Endoscopic (EEE) Surgery with Almost No Use of Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma (JNA)
Authors: Alam Shamsul , Chaurasia Bipin , Farazi Mohsin Ali , Ferini Gianluca , Obaida Abu Saleh Mohammad Abu , Islam Atiqul , Uddin Abu Naim Wakil , Rahman Asifur
Published: September 2023

Background and Objectives: Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is an angiomatous hamartoma of the nasal cavity. It is a benign but locally aggressive vascular tumor of the nasopharynx affecting adolescent males. Many surgical procedures are in practice, but the extended endonasal endoscopic (EEE) approach for JNAs is a suitable and effective technique. Materials and Methods: Fifteen adolescent patients having JNA who underwent extended endonasal endoscopic (EEE) surgery from January 2010 to January 2022 were studied retrospectively. Patients having residual and recurrent JNAs and those who underwent surgery other than EEE were excluded. Results: The average age of the patients was 18.3 years of age. A total of six patients (40%) each had stage V and IV while three patients (20%) had stage III JNAs. Gross total removal was achieved in eight (53.3%) patients and seven (43.7%) had partial removal. There was no per or postoperative mortality. All the patients had at least 3 years of postoperative follow-up and during follow-ups, seven patients were found to have residual tumors, and two had recurrences. Discussion: During the last decades, the endoscopic approach for the resection of JNAs has gained increasing popularity due to its obvious advantages over transfacial approaches. The magnified and angled field of view “behind the corner” helping in a more complete inspection for the resection and shorter hospitalization time makes it a better choice than the other approaches. Conclusions: Endoscopy is an excellent approach for primary JNA. It allows well visualization and precise removal of the angiofibroma. An endoscopic multiangle, multicorridor skull base approach including Denker’s anteromedial maxillotomy is suitable and preferable for the resection of extensive JNAs.
Hepatico-Duodenal Fistula Following Iatrogenic Strasberg Type E4 Bile Duct Injury: A Case Report
Authors: Hristov Bozhidar , Doykov Daniel , Stanchev Desislav , Kraev Krasimir , Uchikov Petar , Kostov Gancho , Valova Siyana , Tilkiyan Eduard , Doykova Katya , Doykov Mladen
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Gallstone disease (GSD) is among the most common disorders worldwide. Gallstones are established in up to 15% of the general population. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the “gold standard” for treatment of GSD but is associated with a higher rate of certain complications, namely, bile duct injury (BDI). Biliary fistulas (BF) are a common presentation of BDI (44.1% of all patients); however, they are mainly external. Post-cholecystectomy internal BF are exceedingly rare. Case report: a 33-year Caucasian female was admitted with suspected BDI after LC. Strasberg type E4 BDI was established on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Urgent laparotomy established biliary peritonitis. Delayed surgical reconstruction was planned and temporary external biliary drains were positioned in the right and left hepatic ducts. During follow-up, displacement of the drains occurred with subsequent evacuation of bile through the external fistula, which resolved spontaneously, without clinical and biochemical evidence of biliary obstruction or cholangitis. ERCP established bilio-duodenal fistula between the left hepatic duct (LHD) and duodenum, with a stricture at the level of the LHD. Endoscopic management was chosen with staged dilation and stenting of the fistulous tract over 18 months until fistula maturation and stricture resolution. One year after stent extraction, the patient remains symptom free. Discussion: Management of post-cholecystectomy BDI is challenging. The optimal approach is determined by the level and extent of ductal lesion defined according to different classifications (Strasberg, Bismuth, Hannover). Type E BDI are managed mainly surgically with a delayed surgical approach generally deemed preferable. Only three cases of choledocho-duodenal fistulas following LC BDI currently exist in the literature. Management is controversial, with expectant approach, surgical treatment (biliary reconstruction), or liver transplantation being described. Endoscopic treatment has not been described; however, in the current paper, it proved to be successful. More reports or larger case series are needed to confirm its applicability and effectiveness, especially in the long term.
The Importance of Humic Substances in Transporting “Chemicals of Emerging Concern” in Water and Sewage Environments
Authors: Anielak Anna Maria , Styszko Katarzyna , Kwaśny Justyna
Published: September 2023

In this study, we examined the sorption of selected “chemicals of emerging concern” (CEC) on humic substances commonly found in water and municipal wastewater. These were ibuprofen, diclofenac, caffeine, carbamazepine, estrone, triclosan, bisphenol A, and isoproturon. The humic substances (HSs) were synthetic and not contaminated by the tested organic substances. The elemental composition and content of mineral micropollutants, gravimetric curves, and the IR spectrum of HSs were determined. We determined a relationship between the process efficiency and the characteristics of a sorbent and sorbate using the properties of organic substances sorbed on HSs. This relationship was confirmed by sorption tests on the HS complex, i.e., the HS-organic micropollutant. It has been shown that the given complexes have a greater affinity for hydrophobic surfaces than hydrophilic surfaces. To confirm the nature of the sorbent surfaces, we determined their zeta potential dependence on the pH of the solution. Studies have shown that HSs are carriers of both mineral substances and CEC in water and sewage environments.
Soybean Antigen Protein-Induced Intestinal Barrier Damage by Trigging Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disordering Gut Microbiota in Weaned Piglets
Authors: Wang Lei , Liu Yujia , Zhang Daoliang , Ding Hongyan , Feng Shibin , Zhao Chang , Wu Jinjie , Wang Xichun
Published: September 2023

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of intestinal diseases. Soybean antigenic proteins (β-conglycinin and soy glycinin) induce hypersensitivity reactions and intestinal barrier damage. However, whether this damage is associated with ER stress, autophagy, and the gut microbiome is largely unclear. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with soy glycinin (11S glycinin) and β-conglycinin (7S glycinin) on intestinal ER stress, autophagy, and flora in weaned piglets. Thirty healthy 21-day-old weaned “Duroc × Long White × Yorkshire” piglets were randomly divided into three groups and fed a basic, 7S-supplemented, or 11S-supplemented diet for one week. The results indicated that 7S/11S glycinin disrupted growth performance, damaged intestinal barrier integrity, and impaired goblet cell function in piglets (p < 0.05). Moreover, 7S/11S glycinin induced ER stress and blocked autophagic flux in the jejunum (p < 0.05) and increased the relative abundance of pathogenic flora (p < 0.01) and decreased that of beneficial flora (p < 0.05). In conclusion, 7S/11S glycinin induces intestinal ER stress, autophagic flux blockage, microbiota imbalance, and intestinal barrier damage in piglets.
Nanomaterials for Advanced Photocatalytic Plastic Conversion
Authors: Kim Jae Young , Youn Duck Hyun
Published: September 2023

As the disposal of waste plastic emerges as a societal problem, photocatalytic waste plastic conversion is attracting significant attention. Ultimately, for a sustainable future, the development of an eco-friendly plastic conversion technology is essential for breaking away from the current plastic use environment. Compared to conventional methods, photocatalysis can be a more environmentally friendly option for waste plastic reprocessing because it uses sunlight as an energy source under ambient temperature and pressure. In addition to this, waste plastics can be upcycled (i.e., converted into useful chemicals or fuels) to enhance their original value via photocatalytic methods. Among various strategies for improving the efficiency of the photocatalytic method, nanomaterials have played a pivotal role in suppressing charge recombination. Hence, in recent years, attempts have been made to introduce nanomaterials/nanostructures into photocatalytic plastic conversion on the basis of advances in material-based studies using simple photocatalysts. In line with this trend, the present review examines the nanomaterials/nanostructures that have been recently developed for photocatalytic plastic conversion and discusses the direction of future development.
The Probable Infectious Origin of Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Landry Remi L. , Embers Monica E.
Published: September 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune inflammatory disease that causes demyelination of the white matter of the central nervous system. It is generally accepted that the etiology of MS is multifactorial and believed to be a complex interplay between genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and infectious agents. While the exact cause of MS is still unknown, increasing evidence suggests that disease development is the result of interactions between genetically susceptible individuals and the environment that lead to immune dysregulation and CNS inflammation. Genetic factors are not sufficient on their own to cause MS, and environmental factors such as viral infections, smoking, and vitamin D deficiency also play important roles in disease development. Several pathogens have been implicated in the etiology of MS, including Epstein–Barr virus, human herpesvirus 6, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, Helicobacter pylori, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Borrelia burgdorferi. Although vastly different, viruses and bacteria can manipulate host gene expression, causing immune dysregulation, myelin destruction, and neuroinflammation. This review emphasizes the pathogenic triggers that should be considered in MS progression.
5-Chlorocoumaranone-Conjugates as Chemiluminescent Protecting Groups (CLPG) and Precursors to Fluorescent Protecting Groups (FPG)
Authors: Lippold Tim , Griesbeck Axel G. , Herzhoff Robert , Wickleder Mathias S. , Straub Laura , Flosbach Niko T.
Published: September 2023

The introduction and cleavage of protecting groups and the subsequent release of protected molecules is an important tool in synthetic organic chemistry. When polyfunctionalized substrates are involved, the reactivity of similar functional groups must be differentiated and selectively switched on and off. A very useful switching agent is visible or UV-light in photoremovable protecting groups (PRPG), allowing the PG release upon interaction with electromagnetic radiation. The reverse principle is the release of a protected molecule, which is accompanied by emission of light, i.e., chemiluminescent protecting groups (CLPG). This principle is proposed and investigated for phenylalanine (using ureido carboxylic acid 2 and its methyl ester derivative 3) and the carbamate derivatives of paracetamol 4 and L-menthol 7, protected as the corresponding urea-/carbamate-coumaranones 5A, 5E, 6 and 8, respectively. While the carbamate derivative 6 released the protected substrate with a short and strong emission of blue light when treated with a base under atmospheric oxygen, 8 had to be treated additionally with potassium hydroxide in boiling ethanol to completely cleave the PG. Both urea-coumaranone derivatives 5A/5E had a flash-like CL without release of the protected amino acid and, thus, were converted into a fluorescent protecting group (FPG).
Anomalous Interactions of Airy Solitons Modulated by a Fundamental Gaussian Beam and Fourth-Order Diffraction
Authors: Zhao Wenwen , Ge Lijuan , Shen Ming
Published: September 2023

We investigate the interactions of in-phase Airy beams modulated by a fundamental Gaussian beam and fourth-order diffraction in Kerr nonlinear media. Directly numerical simulations show that normal (anomalous) fourth-order diffraction and an in-phase (out-of-phase) Gaussian beam affect the interactions of solitons generated from Airy beams in unique ways. Different from previous results, suggesting that interactions of in-phase (out-of-phase) conventional beams are always attractive (repulsive), many anomalous interactions of Airy beams are obtained. Stable breathing Airy soliton pairs can be formed with fourth-order diffraction and a fundamental Gaussian beam.
An Observation of the Vitamin D Status in Highly Trained Adolescent Swimmers during the UK Autumn and Winter Months
Authors: Newbury Josh W. , Brown Meghan A. , Cole Matthew , Kelly Adam L. , Gough Lewis A.
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this research was two-fold: (a) to observe whether highly trained adolescent swimmers abide to vitamin D supplement recommendations; and (b) to monitor changes in circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) that occur between the autumn and winter months. Twenty swimmers (age: 17 ± 2 years) from a UK high-performance swimming club volunteered to complete two blood spot cards to determine their 25(OH)D concentration: the first in an autumn training phase (October) and the second during winter training (January). All swimmers were advised to consume vitamin D3 supplements across the assessment period; however, only 50% of swimmers adhered to this recommendation. Resultantly, a winter decline in 25(OH)D was observed in non-supplementing swimmers (79.6 ± 25.2 to 52.6 ± 15.1 nmol·L−1, p = 0.005), with swimmers either displaying an ‘insufficient’ (60%) or ‘deficient’ (40%) vitamin D status. In comparison, a greater maintenance of 25(OH)D occurred in supplementing swimmers (92.0 ± 25.5 to 97.2 ± 38.3 nmol·L−1, p = 0.544), although variable outcomes occurred at the individual level (four increased, three maintained, three declined). These findings highlight the possible risks of vitamin D insufficiency during the winter for swimmers in the UK, possibly requiring standardised supplement practices. Moreover, alternative educational strategies may be required for swimmers to transfer knowledge to practice in order to improve supplement adherence in future.
Strigolactones GR-24 and Nijmegen Applications Result in Reduced Susceptibility of Tobacco and Grapevine Plantlets to Botrytis cinerea Infection
Authors: Vogel Dominic , Hills Paul , Moore John P.
Published: September 2023

Priming agents are plant defence-inducing compounds which can prompt a state of protection but may also aid in plant growth and interactions with beneficial microbes. The synthetic strigolactones (±)-GR24 and Nijmegen-1 were evaluated as potential priming agents for induced resistance against Botrytis cinerea in tobacco and grapevine plants. The growth and stress response profiles of B. cinerea to strigolactones were also investigated. Soil drench treatment with strigolactones induced resistance in greenhouse-grown tobacco plants and restricted lesion development. The mode of action appeared to function by priming redox-associated compounds to produce an anti-oxidant protective response for limiting the infection. The results obtained in the in vitro assays mirrored that of the greenhouse-grown plants. Exposure of B. cinerea to the strigolactones resulted in increased hyphal branching, with (±)-GR24 stimulating a stronger effect than Nijmegen-1 by affecting colony diameter and radial growth. An oxidative stress response was observed, with B. cinerea exhibiting increased ROS and SOD levels when grown with strigolactones. This study identified the application of strigolactones as potential priming agents to induce disease resistance in both tobacco and grapevine plants. In addition, strigolactones may alter the ROS homeostasis of B. cinerea, resulting in both morphological and physiological changes, thereby reducing virulence.
Photochemical Metallization: Advancements in Polypropylene Surface Treatment
Authors: Serikbayeva Bagdagul , Satayev Malik , Koshkarbayeva Shaizada , Azimov Abdugani , Amanbayeva Kalamkas , Sagitova Guzaliya , Suigenbayeva Aliya , Narmanov Myrzabai , Kolesnikov Artem
Published: September 2023

The work was devoted to the development of technology for applying metal coatings to the surface of polypropylene products. At the same time, the main stages of the technology were carried out using the influence of electromagnetic waves of light radiation. So, to obtain an electrically conductive silver layer, after mechanical treatment, etching and activation, the polymer was immersed for several minutes in a solution containing 10–20 g/L of silver nitrate and equivalent amounts of ascorbic acid, and a thin layer of solution was obtained on the surface of the polymer. A sample with such a sorption film was exposed to electromagnetic waves of light radiation at a flux density of 700–1100 W/m2. The small thickness of the sorption film facilitated the penetration of these waves directly onto the polymer surface and ensured the photochemical process of silver reduction with the formation of active centers. At the same time, electromagnetic waves acting on ascorbic acid transferred it to an excited state. As a result, the chemical reduction of silver in the space between the active centers became possible. In this case, the film obtained within 15–20 min had the necessary electrical conductivity. The suitability of these films for galvanic metallization of the polymer surface was shown.
Hierarchical Optimization Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning for Connected Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicles through Signalized Intersections
Authors: Dong Hongquan , Zhao Lingying , Zhou Hao , Li Haolin
Published: September 2023

With the advantages of non-pollution and energy-saving, hydrogen fuel cell hybrid vehicles (HFCHVs) are regarded as one of the potential traveling ways in the future. The energy management of FCHVs has a huge energy-efficient potential which is combined with the Internet of Things (IOT) and auto-driving technologies. In this paper, a hierarchical joint optimization method that combines deep deterministic policy gradient and dynamic planning (DDPG-DP) for speed planning and energy management of the HFCHV is proposed for urban road driving scenarios. The results demonstrate that when the HFCHV is operating in driving scenario 1, the traveling efficiency of the DDPG-DP algorithm is 17.8% higher than that of the IDM-DP algorithm, and the hydrogen fuel consumption is reduced by 2.7%. In contrast, the difference in the traveling efficiency and fuel economy is small among the three algorithms in driving scenario 2, the number of idling/stop situations of the DDPG-DP algorithm is reduced compared with that of the IDM-DP algorithm. This will support further research for multi-objective eco-driving optimization of fuel cell hybrid vehicles.
Transvenous Lead Extraction in a European Low-Volume Center without On-Site Surgical Support
Authors: Dardari Mohamed , Iorgulescu Corneliu , Bataila Vlad , Deaconu Alexandru , Cinteza Eliza , Vatasescu Radu , Padovani Paul , Vasile Corina Maria , Dorobantu Maria
Published: September 2023

Indications for cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) are increasing. Almost one-third of device-related infections are endocarditis. Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) has emerged as an effective and safe approach for treating device-related infections and complications. Multiple types of extraction tools are being used worldwide. Our goal is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of TLE using non-powered extraction tools. The study included patients between October 2018 and July 2022 requiring TLE according to EHRA expert consensus recommendations on lead extraction. A total of 88 consecutive patients were included. Indications for TLE included device-related infections in 74% of the patients. Of those, 32% had device-related endocarditis with or without sepsis. Staphylococcus Aureus was the most frequent pathogen in patients with endocarditis and positive bacteremia, and 57% had negative bloodstream cultures. A total of 150 cardiac pacing and defibrillator leads were targeted for extraction. The mean dwell time for leads was 6.92 ± 4.4 years; 52.8% were older than 5 years, 15.8% were older than ten years, and the longest lead dwell time was 26 years. Patients’ age varied between 18 and 98, with a mean age of 66 ± 16 years. Sixty-seven percent of patients were males. Using only non-powered extraction tools, we report 93.3% complete lead removal and 99% clinical success with partial extraction. We report no procedure-related death nor major complications. Minor complication incidence was 6.8%, and all complications resolved spontaneously. The 30-day mortality rate was 3.4%. TLE using non-powered extraction tools is safe and effective even without surgical backup on site.
Investigation of Meteorological Effects on Çivril Lake, Turkey, with Sentinel-2 Data on Google Earth Engine Platform
Authors: Karakus Pinar
Published: September 2023

Lakes and reservoirs, comprising surface water bodies that vary significantly seasonally, play an essential role in the global water cycle due to their ability to hold, store, and clean water. They are crucial to our planet’s ecology and climate systems. This study analyzed Harmonized Sentinel-2 images using the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform to examine the short-term changes in the surface water bodies of Çivril Lake from March 2018 to March 2023 with meteorological data and lake surface water temperature (LSWT). This study used the Sentinel-2 Level-2A archive, a cloud filter, the NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index), NDWI (normalized difference water index), MNDWI (modified NDWI), and SWI (Sentinel water index) methods on lake surfaces utilizing the GEE platform and the random forests (RFs) method to calculate the water surface areas. The information on the water surfaces collected between March 2018 and March 2023 was used to track the trend of changes in the lake’s area. The seasonal (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) yearly and monthly changes in water areas were identified. Precipitation, evaporation, and temperature are gathered meteorological parameters that impact the observed variation in surface water bodies for the same area. The correlations between the lake area reduction and the chosen meteorological parameters revealed a strong positive or negative significant association. Meteorological parameters and human activities selected during different seasons, months, and years have directly affected the shrinkage of the lake area.
The Prevalence of Human Plasmodium Species during Peak Transmission Seasons from 2016 to 2021 in the Rural Commune of Ntjiba, Mali
Authors: Dao Francois , Dembele Laurent , Diarra Bakoroba , Sogore Fanta , Marin-Menendez Alejandro , Goita Siaka , Haidara Aboubacrin S. , Barre Yacouba N. , Sangare Cheick P. O. , Kone Aminatou , Ouologuem Dinkorma T. , Dara Antoine , Tekete Mamadou M. , Talman Arthur M. , Djimde Abdoulaye A.
Published: September 2023

Up-to-date knowledge of key epidemiological aspects of each Plasmodium species is necessary for making informed decisions on targeted interventions and control strategies to eliminate each of them. This study aims to describe the epidemiology of plasmodial species in Mali, where malaria is hyperendemic and seasonal. Data reports collected during high-transmission season over six consecutive years were analyzed to summarize malaria epidemiology. Malaria species and density were from blood smear microscopy. Data from 6870 symptomatic and 1740 asymptomatic participants were analyzed. The median age of participants was 12 years, and the sex ratio (male/female) was 0.81. Malaria prevalence from all Plasmodium species was 65.20% (95% CI: 60.10–69.89%) and 22.41% (CI: 16.60–28.79%) for passive and active screening, respectively. P. falciparum was the most prevalent species encountered in active and passive screening (59.33%, 19.31%). This prevalence was followed by P. malariae (1.50%, 1.15%) and P. ovale (0.32%, 0.06%). Regarding frequency, P. falciparum was more frequent in symptomatic individuals (96.77% vs. 93.24%, p = 0.014). In contrast, P. malariae was more frequent in asymptomatic individuals (5.64% vs. 2.45%, p < 0.001). P. ovale remained the least frequent species (less than 1%), and no P. vivax was detected. The most frequent coinfections were P. falciparum and P. malariae (0.56%). Children aged 5–9 presented the highest frequency of P. falciparum infections (41.91%). Non-falciparum species were primarily detected in adolescents (10–14 years) with frequencies above 50%. Only P. falciparum infections had parasitemias greater than 100,000 parasites per µL of blood. P. falciparum gametocytes were found with variable prevalence across age groups. Our data highlight that P. falciparum represented the first burden, but other non-falciparum species were also important. Increasing attention to P. malariae and P. ovale is essential if malaria elimination is to be achieved.
Binary Neutron-Star Mergers with a Crossover Transition to Quark Matter
Authors: Mathews Grant J. , Kedia Atul , Kim Hee Il , Suh In-Saeng
Published: September 2023

This paper summarizes recent work on the possible gravitational-wave signal from binary neutron-star mergers in which there is a crossover transition to quark matter. Although this is a small piece of a much more complicated problem, we discuss how the power spectral density function may reveal the presence of a crossover transition to quark matter.
Demand-Side Actors in Agricultural Supply Chain Sustainability: An Assessment of Motivations for Action, Implementation Challenges, and Research Frontiers
Authors: Mueller Carina , West Christopher , Bastos Lima Mairon G. , Doherty Bob
Published: September 2023

Agricultural supply chains of forest-risk commodities such as soy, palm oil, and cocoa have risen to the top of the global sustainability agenda. Demand-side actors, including consumer-goods companies, retailers, and civil society organizations have coalesced around a growing number of sustainable supply chain policies. However, despite rapid advances in tools and methods to convert data into useful information about impacts and policy effectiveness, and their implementation for decision-making is lagging. There is an urgent need to examine such demand-led action and understand how to accelerate progress towards agricultural supply chain sustainability. Here, we explore how demand-side actors within globalized supply chains see limitations in knowledge and barriers to progress in the context of forest-risk commodities. We draw from 20 semi-structured interviews and two focus group discussions with manufacturers, retailers, NGOs, and data providers. Our findings show that civil society pressure in consumer regions is perceived as a key driver guiding action, that certification is commonly sought to reduce detrimental impacts, but that collaboration to tackle systemic issues remains a gap. Companies also highlight the need for simple, timely, and meaningful metrics to assess impacts—practical usability concerns that need to be considered in the search for ever-greater accuracy in capturing complex phenomena.
The Wakening of America: Tracking US Intolerances through the World Values Survey (1995-2014)
Authors: Burkoski Rebecca , Cramer Kenneth M. , Steele Sarah , Lamothe Katelynne
Published: September 2023

Intolerance is broadly recognized as the refusal to permit, or even consider, opinions or beliefs contrary to our own. Despite millennial political progress and increased advocacy for minorities, intolerance still persists in explicit forms, such as travel bans, border walls, and restrictive abortion laws. To track changes of intolerance in the US, we analyzed four waves of data from the World Values Survey between 1995- 2014. Intolerance toward minority groups was determined by binary logistic regression to be generally higher among older, male participants (43-100 years), however, in conjunction with our hypothesis relating to the Cohort theory, intolerance among this cohort decreased over the years. Younger participants (18-42 years) held relatively tolerant views, particularly of both unwed couples and people living with AIDS, but grew increasingly intolerant toward immigrants and foreign workers over the years. Directions for future research along with implications for America’s management of intolerance are discussed.
The role of emotional distress tolerance in the development of major depressive disorder in university students
Authors: Cadieux Marie-Ève , Leblanc Mélissandre , Bourgeois Catherine , Vézina-Gagnon Pascale
Published: September 2023

University students represent the most affected population regarding major depression disorder (MDD). Following the diatesis-thesis model, the interaction between environmental stress and the presence of preexisting vulnerabilities would explain its development. Besides, researchers studied tolerance for emotional distress (TED) and its influence on the development of multiple psychopathologies. However, no study seems to have looked at the potential influence of TED on MDD development in university students. Therefore, the following article has two aims. Firstly, it proposes a theoretical model where TED would be a moderating variable between environmental stress and MDD development in university students. Secondly, based on the proposed model, a prevention method for MDD will be suggested. This study allows a better understanding of MDD development in the university context.
Exploratory study of the identity issues of adolescents in international adoption
Authors: Boivin-Évangeliste Lara , Cossette Louise , Gilbert Sophie , Smith Catherine , Beaivais-Dubois Cybèle
Published: September 2023

Internationally adopted children face many adoption related challenges, which can complicate their identity development and arouse many questions during adolescence. Nonetheless, a few studies have investigated these questions. This research aims to describe these identity questions and to document the singularity of their expression among 76 international adoptees whom answered to a semi-structured interview. A thematic analysis of the interview’s content shows that their main questions are about the circumstances of their adoption, the identity of their biological family and the life they would experience if adoption didn’t occur. For many participants, discussions with adoptive parents allow them to construct the story of their origins, and therefore, to gain a better sense of identity. On the other hand, some of the participants are reluctant to abord the subject of their origins.
A união entre o autoconhecimento e a reflexão estão diretamente ligados a conquista da felicidade e a superação em situações adversas
Authors: Correia Bárbara Souza , Tegoni Andréia Cristina
Published: September 2023

Em diversos momentos, as atitudes e escolhas de cada indivíduo tendem a ocorrer de maneira inconsciente a ser projetada ao ambiente externo de acordo com o que seus sentimentos predizem, com o objetivo de dialogar com a forma como o indivíduo se coloca perante as situações de insatisfação, o educador Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi desenvolveu um estudo chamado ESM (Experience Sampling Method) que tem por finalidade mostrar ao indivíduo a forma como se sente em cada ação e decisão tomada em seu dia a dia, e os sentimentos expressos a cada momento em seus afazeres. Os resultados de diversos estudos baseados nesse mesmo método demonstram que os indivíduos, além de não saberem o que os faziam felizes, também não tomavam as decisões de forma consciente, e com isso acabavam por não agregar valores ou importância ao que faziam, chegando a certo momento de passarem passivamente por diversas situações e por fim não conseguirem mais dar sentido e propósito às suas próprias vidas, o estudioso Mihaly apresenta respostas e meios para que se possa obter sucesso, satisfação e superação a tudo o que se faz, por meio da Psicologia Moderna, da Sociologia, da Psicanálise e da Filosofia.
The KLC Cultures, Tacit Knowledge, and Trust Contribution to Organizational Intelligence Activation
Authors: Kucharska Wioleta , Bedford Denise A. D.
Published: September 2023

In this paper, the authors address a new approach to three organizational, functional cultures: knowledge culture, learning culture, and collaboration culture, named together the KLC cultures. Authors claim that the KLC approach in knowledge-driven organizations must be designed and nourished to leverage knowledge and intellectual capital. It is suggested that they are necessary for simultaneous implementation because no one of these functional cultures alone is as beneficial for a company as all of them are together. Moreover, there is a risk that organizations with a learning culture developed without collaboration are stuck at the individual level of learning only; and that a knowledge culture developed without a learning culture jeopardizes the organization to be stuck in a passive way where only old, multiply verified knowledge is accepted. As a result, such companies cannot grow. That extreme situation leads to the rejection of new knowledge that is usually rationalized by the need for business safety security - that is nothing more than a ruse for intellectual laziness or personal barriers of fixed-minded managers.
Decision Making for Knowledge Management in the Tequila Sector: A Fuzzy Logic Model
Authors: Martinez-Velasco Antonieta , Teran-Bustamante Antonia
Published: September 2023

Knowledge management creates value for organizations, allowing them to be more innovative, productive, and competitive if that knowledge is used appropriately. Through this management, vital information is created and disseminated systematically and efficiently, and at the same time, knowledge learning is adopted, transformed, shared, and applied. This research analyzes decision-making for knowledge management in a mature low-tech sector, such as Tequila in Mexico. At the same time, it generates a predictive model of knowledge management that allows innovation in this sector by combining knowledge of modern technologies and ancestral knowledge in manufacturing the product, along with providing support to public policymakers and decision-makers to support small producers and rural communities. The methodological strategy used is an expert system through fuzzy logic, starting from a data set based on the patterns found in a Bayes network. The results show that the most relevant variables in decision-making for knowledge management in the Tequila sector are modern technologies, ancestral knowledge, and the Denomination of Origin. Under the above, it could be inferred that the ancestral knowledge variable is the most influential in achieving high values in managing knowledge management -the output variable preserving the value of a product with a designation of origin.
CUSTOMER LOYALTY TO SHARIA BANKING
Authors: Aprinandhi Muhammad Dwi
Published: September 2023

Islamic banking operates according to Islamic principles, does not charge interest in each of its activities, and applies profit sharing. This study aims to find out how consumer loyalty toward Islamic banking. This study uses a literature review research method to conclude customer loyalty toward Islamic banking. This study found that generally, consumer loyalty toward Islamic banking is due to Islamic banking being affiliated with religion, informative marketing campaigns carried out by banks, banking brands, and reputations that have emotional ties with consumers, and trust in products and services offered by banks, as well the unique characteristics based on sharia law, not because of the rate of return provided by Islamic banking. This study also shows that the implementation of CSR influences customer loyalty in Islamic banking carried out by banks and becomes the basis for recommending Islamic banking to others.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE EFFICIENCY OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE BASED ON BPK AUDIT RESULTS
Authors: Sayang Syarifahku , Kadir Kadir , Respati Novita W.
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze and obtain empirical evidence regarding the factors that influence the Efficiency of Financial Performance based on the results of BPK audits. BPK Audit Results consist of Audit Opinion, Audit Findings, Follow-Up of Audit Results, and Timely Submission of Regional Government Financial Reports. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from the inspection report. The population in this study were all provinces in Indonesia during the 2016-2018 research period. Based on existing criteria, the number of samples used is 23 provinces. The data were tested using multiple linear regression. The results of the study show that only follow-up audit results have a positive effect on the efficiency of financial performance. This indicates that the government which can follow up on findings in the previous period will have efficient financial performance in the future. Meanwhile, audit opinion, audit findings and timely submission of LKPD do not influence the efficiency of financial performance.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) DAN REALITA SOSIAL IMPLEMENTANSINYA
Authors: Tenriwaru Tenriwaru , Amiruddin Amiruddin
Published: September 2023

The science of accounting that is currently practiced goes hand in hand with the understanding of capitalism which is only oriented towards material profit, has contributed to destroying the balance of life by excessively stimulating the development of human economic potential which does not contribute to increasing their prosperity but instead makes them experience a decline in social conditions. The principle of capitalism run by accounting science has proven to exploit nature and damage the ecological balance

It has become a logical causation if then the company must take responsibility for all direct and indirect consequences of the company's operations. The company must make donations to those who are sick as a result of being affected by the company's operations; the company must think deeply about how to reduce it so that the negative impact caused by the company's operations is minimized; Companies must also think about how to restore the world's ecological imbalances caused by company operations to their original state.

Bourdieu's epistemology is used to analyze how the relationship between structures and agents work together in carrying out social responsibility (CSR) and its implementation which is still capitalistically oriented.
Analysis of Effect Profitability, Leverage, and Company Size on Tax Avoidance
Authors: Hamzah Hamzah , Bahri Syaiful
Published: September 2023

This research aimed to examine the effect of profitability, leverage, and company’s size which were assumed have an impact to tax avoidance, tax avoidance proxied by effective tax rate (ETR), the research is causal associative with quantity approach, company’s sub-sector food and beverage used to be the population. The data analysis techniques used were descriptive analysis, classical assumption test, multiple linear regressions, coefficient of determination test, and t-test. The results showed that profitability, leverage, and company’s size did not have effect to tax avoidance.
Stock Returns of Pharmaceutical Companies during COVID-19
Authors: Pratiwi Ajeng Aprilyana , Hariyani Diyah Santi , Wahyuandari Wenni , Minarni Eni
Published: September 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact on the share prices of companies in Indonesia, while the sector that received positive sentiment amid the Covid-19 outbreak is the Pharmaceutical Company Sector. The purpose of this study is to analyse the effect of earning per share, financial performance, and stock liquidity on stock returns during the Covid-19 pandemic (a case study on a pharmaceutical company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange). The method used in this study is quantitative. The source of data used in this study is secondary data. The sampling technique used in this research is the purposive sampling technique. This study indicates that return on equity has a significant effect on stock returns. Earnings per share and stock liquidity have no impact on stock returns.
The Effect of Training and Use of Information Technology on the Quality of the Financial Statement of Village-Owned Enterprises
Authors: Anggraeni Mutia Maulita , Noholo Sahmin , Lukum Amir
Published: September 2023

This research aimed to figure out the effect of training and the use of information technology on the quality of the financial statement of village-owned enterprises. This research employed a quantitative descriptive method where the data source of this research was primary data obtained directly from respondents through questionnaires distributed to village-owned enterprises administrators and village officials in Tabongo Subdistrict, Gorontalo Regency. Besides, the total population amounted to 54 people, with a total sample was 30 village-owned enterprises administrators determined by using purposive sampling. The findings denoted that partially, the training variable (X1) had a positive and significant effect on the quality of the financial statement of village-owned enterprises (Y), the use of information technology variable (X2) had no significant effect on the quality of the financial statement of village-owned enterprises (Y). Meanwhile, simultaneously, the training (X1) and the use of information technology (X2) variables had a positive and significant effect on the quality of the financial statement of village-owned enterprises (Y).