bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data-Driven Frequency Security Assessment Based on Generative Adversarial Networks and Metric Learning
Authors: Huarui Li , Xinyao Zhu , Yongyong Jia , Zheng Li , Xiaobo Wang
Published: February 2025

With construction of large-capacity direct current transmission projects and large-scale integration of renewable energy, frequency security of the power system is facing severe challenges. For fast and accurate online assessment of frequency security, a data-driven frequency security assessment model based on Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and Metric Learning (ML) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the key frequency security indicators are selected as the outputs of the model, and the input feature set is constructed. Then, distribution information of historical operation scenarios is learned through Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network (WGAN), in order to generate operation scenarios covering typical operation modes for training sample set establishment. The generated operation scenarios are adjusted based on rejection sampling and resampling techniques, in order to increase the density of training samples near key scenes. Finally, considering inapplicability of a single assessment model for frequency security assessment in power systems with complicated changes of operation conditions, a combined assessment model for frequency security assessment composed of multiple sub-models is constructed based on Metric Learning for Kernel Regression (MLKR). The original distance metric is adjusted with metric learning techniques to make samples with similar frequency dynamics close. Then the samples with similar frequency dynamics are clustered into the same cluster, and the corresponding sub-model is established. A simplified Shandong power system example is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Analysis of Root Causes of Ethical Misconduct in Adolescent Internet Language and Educational Countermeasures
Authors: Lou Xiaolong , Zhuang Xinran , Hu Xiaofan , Fan Xueer
Published: February 2025

This paper delves into the origins and development of internet language among Chinese adolescents born after the year 2000, a cohort commonly referred to as Generation Z or the "post-00s" generation. The study meticulously examines the multifaceted factors that shape their unique linguistic practices online. Research shows that social environment, mental exhaustion, educational deficiencies, and inter-generational “digital divides” contribute to ethical misconduct in their internet language. To address this, comprehensive countermeasures are proposed, including artificial intelligence (AI) monitoring, campus-based self-media for party history, embodied perception technology in education, and the “cultural feedback” mechanism. These measures collectively aim to purify the online environment, elevate adolescents' internet literacy, and promote standardized and ethical language use among the post-00s generation.
New Properties of Phosphorus to Zinc Elements - Exploration of Energy Conversion Characteristics Based on Electromagnetic Signal Transmission in Semiconductor Devices
Authors: Feng Wen , Yabin Peng , Ling Zhang
Published: February 2025

This study aims to explore novel properties of phosphorus (P) to zinc (Zn) elements. On the basis of previous work, we have explored the properties of elements ranging from H to Si. And the chemical elements belong layered, with P to Zn defined as the fourth layer to be researched using a contemporary industrial perspective. Since the late 19th century, there has been a progression in the application of electricity and magnetism to motor technology, leading to the evolution of computer systems capable of receiving, processing, and displaying external signals. These functionalities are recognized as attributes of the P element, serving as sensor modules for energy conversion. Subsequently, the establishment of a global production system through the utilization of the Internet and the Internet of Things has facilitated the growth of the biomedical industry within a vast industrial framework. This framework is characterized as the essence of the S element, functioning as an amplifier module for energy conversion. These 16 elements perform higher-level functions and can be seen as various processes for energy conversion in electromagnetic equipment, exemplified by biological signal transduction. They correspond to semiconductor chip fields such as from sensors and amplification circuits to displays and printing. This exploration is poised to enhance comprehension of the distinctive properties inherent in these elements.
Agro-Processing Value Chains Mapping and Technology Needs Assessment for Taita Taveta County, Kenya
Authors: Mutai Jackson , Ndungu Stella , Cheloti Michael , Onyuka Arthur , Kemunto Rukia
Published: February 2025

A value chain mapping exercise was carried out in Taita Taveta County, focusing on the agro-processing value chain. The survey carried out by the Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI), was conducted as part of the Kenya Industry and Entrepreneurship Project (KIEP), supported by the World Bank. The aim of the survey was to explore the technological challenges and opportunities faced by small businesses to help them grow, innovate, and compete more effectively. By looking closely at value chains like rice, dairy, bananas, mushrooms, beekeeping, leather, and engineering services, the study mapped out the specific technology needs of local enterprises. To do this, researchers used both qualitative and quantitative methods, gathering insights through interviews, group discussions, and on-site visits with key players in these sectors. The findings from the mapping exercise, revealed several challenges holding these businesses back which include; outdated equipment, limited opportunities for value addition, poor access to markets, and weak infrastructure. On top of that, the high cost of inputs adds more strain to farmers and processors. The outcome of the survey doesn't stop at identifying problems; it offers practical solutions in an intervention matrix, laying out clear steps to help businesses improve productivity, enhance product quality, and boost income. With the right support, Taita Taveta’s agricultural and livestock sectors have strong potential for growth and transformation.
Advances in the Clinical Application of Robotic-assisted Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Liu Ziyue , Wu Chongjie , Zhuang Tengfeng , Liu Ning
Published: February 2025

As the population ages, the number of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee has increased dramatically. Surgery, particularly total knee arthroplasty, has proven to be a highly effective treatment for end-stage osteoarthritis of the knee. Robotic surgical techniques have become particularly important to further improve surgical outcomes and safety, and to minimize intraoperative injuries and postoperative complications. Studies have shown that surgical robots have advantages in improving the precision and personalization of knee arthroplasty, but they also come with limitations such as increased operative time and rising healthcare costs. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand the current application of robotic knee arthroplasty and consider its future trends. By systematically organizing and analyzing the relevant literature, this study reviewed the development history and current status of domestic and international clinical applications of knee arthroplasty surgical robots, evaluated the advantages and limitations of robot-assisted knee arthroplasty, and explored their future development, with the aim of providing a reference basis for the research and development and clinical application of knee arthroplasty surgical robots in the future, so as to guide the adoption of corresponding measures to improve development of robot-assisted knee arthroplasty.
Hearing Loss Secondary to TECTA Gene Mutations
Authors: González-Aguado Rocío , Onecha Esther , Gallo-Terán Jaime , Morales-Angulo Carmelo
Published: February 2025

Objectives:

To assess the prevalence and clinical characterization of variants in the TECTA gene among individuals with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss of unknown etiology in northern Spain.

Methods:

A 6-year (2018-2024) observational, prospective, and descriptive study was conducted on patients with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss at a tertiary hospital. Next generation sequencing using a gene panel for sensorineural hearing loss was performed to detect pathogenic, likely pathogenic, or variants of unknown significance in the TECTA gene.

Results:

Among 326 patients, pathogenic or likely pathogenic TECTA variants were found in 7 patients (2.14%), including c.3107G>A (n = 6) and c.5383+6T>A (n = 1). Variants of unknown significance were found in 8 patients (2.45%). About 14 of 15 probands had a family history of hearing loss with autosomal dominant inheritance. Eight relatives with confirmed pathogenic variants were also included, totalling 23 cases. Six patients with pathogenic variants and 3 with variants of unknown significance had moderate mid-frequency hearing loss, while others had severe high-frequency loss. Hearing loss was typically progressive, ranging from congenital onset to the fifth decade. Most were treated with hearing aids; none required cochlear implants.

Conclusions:

TECTA gene variants are relatively common in this population, with c.3107G>A being the most frequent. The typical phenotype is slowly progressive, mid-to-high frequency sensorineural hearing loss, often starting in childhood and usually requiring hearing aids fitting with good results in improving speech intelligibility.
Mask Anesthesia, Straight Laryngoscope, and Alligator Forceps for Cervical Esophageal Coin Removal: A Comparison with Traditional Methods
Authors: Shah Hemali P. , Brawley Craig Cameron , Gabra Lauren , Maddalozzo John , Maurrasse Sarah , Johnston Douglas
Published: February 2025

Objective(s):

Coins are the most frequently ingested foreign bodies by children. While rigid esophagoscopy with concomitant intubation is frequently used for removal, it has the potential for serious complications. We aimed to assess and compare the safety, efficacy, and efficiency of two different techniques for pediatric cervical esophageal coin removal.

Methods:

Retrospective chart review identified patients who underwent esophageal coin removal from January 2017—August 2023 at one of two tertiary academic centers: Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital and Yale-New Haven Hospital. Patients with foreign bodies other than coins were excluded. Patients underwent one of two approaches for cervical esophageal coin removal depending on surgeon preference: (1) induction of general anesthesia, intubation, rigid esophagoscopy, and coin extraction with optical forceps (esophagoscope group) or (2) mask ventilation, insertion of a straight laryngoscope blade into the esophagus orifice, and coin extraction with alligator forceps (straight laryngoscope group). Primary outcomes were successful removal of the esophageal coin, regarded a marker of efficacy, as well as operative and anesthesia times, which were regarded as measures of efficiency. Secondary outcomes were postoperative complications, regarded as markers of safety.

Results:

Of the 108 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 23 (21.3%) were in the straight laryngoscope group and 85 (78.7%) in the esophagoscope group. Mean operative time was significantly shorter for the straight laryngoscope group compared to the esophagoscope group (2.8 ± 1.5 minutes vs 13.8 ± 17.2 minutes, respectively, p < .0001). Mean anesthesia time was significantly shorter for the straight laryngoscope group compared to the esophagoscope group (24.2 ± 6.4 minutes vs 44.7 ±1 6.2 minutes, respectively, p < .0001). There were no intra- or post-operative complications in the straight laryngoscope group and two minor complications in the esophagoscope group.

Conclusions:

Esophagoscopy using a straight laryngoscope blade under mask anesthesia can represent a safe and efficient alternative for impacted esophageal coin removal.
Assessing Attachment Classification Difference Between Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tkaczyk Sarah-Louise B. , Miller Sarah , Angus Douglas , Lawless Abbey , Paulson Germaine , Watt Bruce D.
Published: February 2025

This systematic review sought to investigate differences in attachment classification between Indigenous and non-Indigenous children, measures used to determine Indigenous attachment classification, and adjustments made to measurements to ensure relevance to Indigenous participants. Owing to diversity in cultural context and caregiving arrangements between Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations, classification differences were expected between cohorts. A systematic search of 5,980 studies was undertaken to investigate attachment classification differences between Indigenous and non-Indigenous infants and children, age 0 to 18 years, in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and America, in which 15 eligible quantitative and qualitative studies were identified and synthesized ( N = 3,452). There were no suitable Australian, New Zealand, or Canadian studies utilizing Indigenous samples. The review relied on Native American infant and child samples and found a lack of culturally specific attachment classifications, as studies did not distinguish between Indigenous and non-Indigenous participant classifications. Furthermore, studies did not validate adjustments made to attachment measures or designs to ensure contextual relevance and applicability to Indigenous participants. The review brings to attention the lack of culturally specific attachment measures for Indigenous infants and children. Further research is needed to establish a reliable attachment classification system for use with Indigenous infants and children to ensure a comprehensive and informed understanding of Indigenous caregiving systems and assessment and influence key decisions that impact the wellbeing of Indigenous people.
Enhancing L2 Learners’ Self-Regulated Speaking Through Digital Oral Dialogue Journaling: An EFL Classroom-based Study
Authors: Zhou Sihan , Tso Wing Suet , Aubrey Scott
Published: February 2025

Two decades of L2 self-regulated learning (SRL) research has focused heavily on reading and writing, leaving speaking an under-explored area. While speaking is an important yet difficult communicative skill to master that often generates high anxiety for English learners, EFL contexts seldom provide enough practice opportunities beyond the classroom. The study introduces an innovative pedagogy – digital oral dialogue journaling (DODJ) – and investigates its effectiveness in cultivating SRL speaking strategy use in a Hong Kong secondary school. A total of 95 recorded journal videos were created by a class of 19 students and uploaded to the digital platform Flipgrid over five weeks to receive dialogic feedback from the teacher on a weekly basis. Students’ speaking strategy use was conceptualized from a social cognitive SRL framework, and changes were measured using a pre- and post-intervention questionnaire as well as through two semi-structured interviews. Results of repeated measures MANOVA and ANOVA tests reveal significant increases in multiple cognitive and metacognitive strategies such as rehearsing, memorizing, and evaluating. Interview findings further show that certain DODJ design features facilitated the changes, including flexible topic selection and scheduling, unlimited video submission and review, and emoticon masking and dialogic teacher feedback. Pedagogical suggestions are offered on how to design effective DODJ practice to cultivate L2 learners to become strategic, self-regulated speakers.
Diagnostic value and efficacy of multimodal magnetic resonance imaging in differentiating radiation necrosis from tumor recurrence in glioblastomas
Authors: Lv Xiao-Qiong , Shen Wen-Rong , Guo Zhen , Xie Xiao-Dong
Published: February 2025

Background

Distinguishing radiation necrosis (RN) from recurrent tumor (RT) in patients with gliomas treated with radiation therapy presents an important clinical dilemma.

Purpose

To evaluate the diagnostic performance of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques in distinguishing RN from RT in patients with histologically confirmed glioma treated previously with radiotherapy and chemotherapy or without chemotherapy using a combination of dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast-enhanced (DSC) perfusion MRI, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and MR spectroscopy (MRS).

Material and Methods

Patients with glioma who developed a new enhancing mass after standard treatment were retrospectively evaluated. Conventional MRI, DTI, DSC, and MRS were performed. The region of interest (ROI) was manually drawn in the enhancing lesions, peri-lesional white matter edema, and the contralateral normal-appearing white matter. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fractional anisotropy (FA), relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF), N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), NAA/Cr, Cho/NAA, and Cho/Cr were calculated. Two-tailed t-test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed.

Results

In total, 34 patients with RT and 25 with RN met our inclusion criteria. FA, rCBF, rCBV, Cho/NAA, Cho/Cr were statistically significant between the two groups ( P < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of FA, rCBF, rCBV, Cho/NAA, and Cho/Cr in the diagnosis of RT were 70.6%, 97.1%, 91.2%, 91.2%, and 82.4% and 64%, 100%, 100%, 96%, and 72% respectively.

Conclusion

DTI, DSC, and MRS are of great value in the differential diagnosis of RN and RT of glioma. The diagnostic performance of DSC is better than DTI and MRS.
Asset classes? Some reflections on the ‘new class realities’ of rentier capitalism
Authors: Burrows Roger
Published: February 2025

In their recent work, Lisa Adkins, Melinda Cooper and Martijn Konings challenge traditional employment-based class models, arguing that asset ownership, particularly housing, is now central to understanding class dynamics in the present conjuncture, which some critics characterize as rentier capitalism. This paper examines the historical antecedents of their analysis, especially its relationship to the work of Peter Saunders in the 1990s. It also provides commentary on some of the criticisms of their approach and reflects on the analytic utility, or otherwise, of their asset-based class schema considering these criticisms.
Brain and Spine Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Characteristics of a Pediatric Cohort With MOGAD
Authors: Doerfler Matthew , Zhang James , Rubin Jennifer , Jaju Alok , Aw-Zoretic Jessie
Published: February 2025

Background and Objectives

Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a recently defined demyelinating disorder with an age-related phenotypic spectrum. At disease onset, there is considerable clinical overlap between MOGAD and other demyelinating conditions, and it remains difficult to identify MOGAD radiographically. This study aims to further describe neuroimaging findings in the brain and the spine at presentation and throughout relapses in children with MOGAD.

Methods

We present a retrospective cohort study including all children presenting to a single center between 2010 and 2020 with acute demyelination who were positive for serum MOG-IgG antibodies and negative for serum aquaporin-4 antibodies. For each patient, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the brain and spine at presentation and on each relapse were reviewed and categorized in a blinded fashion by 2 pediatric neuroradiologists.

Results

Sixteen patients met the inclusion criteria. Four had diffuse and bilateral fluid-attenuated inversion recovery signal in the white matter, but only on initial presentation. The area postrema was never affected. All 5 patients with optic neuritis had pre-chiasmatic (but not chiasmatic) involvement on presentation. The brachium pontis was involved in 3 patients on initial presentation, and in 8 patients at any time. Eleven patients demonstrated spinal cord involvement, and the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions were involved at similar frequencies.

Discussion

The radiographic features of MOGAD in children appear to reflect their presenting demyelinating syndromes. However, certain features, such as diffuse fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintensities and expansile fluid-attenuated inversion recovery signal in the brachium pontis, may be more frequent in MOGAD compared with other demyelinating disorders.
Muscle Dysfunction and Physical Recovery After Critical Illness
Authors: Mart Matthew F. , Gordon Joshua I. , González-Seguel Felipe , Mayer Kirby P. , Brummel Nathan
Published: February 2025

During critical illness, patients experience significant and rapid onsets of muscle wasting and dysfunction with loss of strength, mass, and power. These deficits often persist long after the ICU, leading to impairments in physical function including reduced exercise capacity and increased frailty and disability. While there are numerous studies describing the epidemiology of impaired muscle and physical function in the ICU, there are significantly fewer data investigating mechanisms of prolonged and persistent impairments in ICU survivors. Additionally, while several potential clinical risk factors associated with poor physical recovery have been identified, there remains a dearth of interventions that have effectively improved outcomes long-term among survivors. In this article, we aim to provide a thorough, evidence-based review of the current state of knowledge regarding muscle dysfunction and physical function after critical illness with a focus on post-ICU and post-hospitalization phase of recovery.
Regularity and Long-Time Behavior of Global Weak Solutions to a Coupled Cahn–Hilliard System: The Off-Critical Case
Authors: Ouyang Bohan
Published: February 2025

We consider a diffuse interface model that describes the macro- and micro-phase separation processes of a polymer mixture. The resulting system consists of a Cahn–Hilliard equation and a Cahn–Hilliard–Oono type equation endowed with the singular Flory–Huggins potential. For the initial boundary value problem in a bounded smooth domain of [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions for the phase functions as well as chemical potentials, we study the regularity and long-time behavior of global weak solutions in the off-critical case, that is, the mass is not conserved during the micro-phase separation of diblock copolymers. By investigating an auxiliary system with viscous regularizations, we show that every global weak solution regularizes instantaneously for [Formula: see text]. In two dimensions, we obtain the instantaneous strict separation property under a mild growth condition on the first derivative of potential functions near pure phases [Formula: see text], while in three dimensions, we establish the eventual strict separation property for sufficiently large time. Finally, we prove that every global weak solution converges to a single equilibrium as [Formula: see text].
Characteristic features of infants with pneumonia testing positive for specific immunoglobulin E
Authors: Hao Li , Wang Songqing , Ji Wei
Published: February 2025

Objective

To analyse the characteristic features of infants with pneumonia who test positive for serum milk-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) and to provide a reference for the diagnosis, management and prevention of the condition.

Methods

We retrospectively analysed data from 284 infants admitted to our hospital with pneumonia between January 2017 and December 2020 who underwent serum allergen testing. Based on the results, patients were categorised into three groups: pure milk sIgE-positive; mixed milk sIgE-positive; and allergen sIgE-negative. We then compared the general conditions, clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, imaging results and pathogenic data across these groups.

Results

Among the patient population, 16.20% (46/284) tested positive for pure milk sIgE, 32.75% (93/284) tested positive for mixed milk sIgE and 51.06% (145/284) were negative for any allergen sIgE. Statistically significant differences were observed among the three groups in terms of general conditions, breastfeeding status, pre-existing respiratory infections and history of respiratory infections (>3 times) ( p < 0.05 for each). The median length of hospital stay was longer in the pure milk sIgE-positive group and the mixed milk sIgE-positive group (8 [range 7–10] days) compared with the allergen sIgE-negative group (8 [range 6–9] days) ( p < 0.05). The eosinophil counts of the mixed milk sIgE-positive group were significantly higher than in the other two groups ( p < 0.05). Haemophilus influenzae of the pure milk sIgE-positive group was significantly higher than in the other two groups ( p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The presence of mixed milk sIgE allergens does not exacerbate clinical symptoms. However, infants who test positive solely for milk sIgE and have pneumonia require longer hospitalisation. This suggests that extra attention is necessary for infants with milk allergies when they develop pneumonia.
Parametric study of drilling process in ramie-epoxy composites using grey relational approach and artificial neural networks
Authors: Mahapatra Sourav Kumar , Satapathy Alok
Published: February 2025

Drilling is one of the primary and most preferred machining operations for producing holes in composite materials. Unlike conventional materials, drilling of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite is more challenging because of its heterogeneous and anisotropic nature. In the present study on drilling behavior, ramie-epoxy composites are fabricated and are then subjected to drilling tests following Taguchi L16 orthogonal array. The influence of spindle speed, feed rate and drill diameter on the thrust force, torque and delamination are studied using the Taguchi technique. The optimization of drilling parameters for multi-response characteristics is analyzed using grey relational approach. The results from grey relational analysis (GRA) indicate that the most dominant factor influencing the multi-performance characteristics of drilling ramie-epoxy composites is feed rate contributing 77.41% followed by drill diameter and spindle speed with individual contributions of 6.95% and 5.51% respectively. It is found that the optimal factor setting for attaining minimum thrust force, torque and delamination simultaneously can be obtained while drilling the composite at a spindle speed of 4000 rpm, feed rate of 40 mm/min and drill diameter of 4 mm respectively. Further, an artificial neural network (ANN) model is proposed as a tool to effectively predict the thrust force, torque and delamination. The results showed that the model is fairly good and found to be predicting the thrust force, torque and delamination with high accuracies of 89.593%, 95.144% and 96.186% and errors of ±2%, ± 3% and ±0.3% respectively. Analysis of chip formation mechanisms and morphological study of drilled holes is done to study the type of chips formed during machining and to identify the possible causes of delamination.
Proposing a feedback-feedforward neuro-fuzzy-PID controller to produce precise micro-droplets in a flow-focusing micro-channel
Authors: Mahdizadeh Ali Asghar , Nazari Mostafa , Nazari Mohsen , Ahmadi Habib
Published: February 2025

In this paper, a novel feedback-feedforward structure is proposed for precise droplet generation. An Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System is used as an inverse model to predict the desired motor speed in the feedforward path, and a PID controller to compensate for the disturbances in the feedback path. The Neuro-Fuzzy model computes the desired droplet size based on the desired droplet size and flow characteristics. A flow-focusing microchannel is constructed using photolithography to generate micro-droplets. DI water as the discrete phase and oil as the continuous phase are mixed with accurate flow rates. The DI water flow rate is kept fixed and the flow rate of oil is controlled using the proposed controller. In the feedback loop, the micro droplets’ sizes are measured with an image processing of pictures captured with a high-speed camera. The performance of the closed-loop system is implemented experimentally in different desired sizes i.e., 82, 90, and 100 micrometers. It is shown that the performance of the system i.e., rise time, settling time, and accuracy is better in larger sizes. Moreover, due to the inverse neuro-fuzzy model in the feedforward loop, the rise time became small. The performance of the system in dealing with disturbances i.e., a 50% increase in discrete phase flow (water), has been considered. The results show that the closed-loop system is fast and robust against disturbances.
Photovoltaic tracking technologies for sustainable electrification: A techno-economic analysis on Western Pelee Island, Canada
Authors: Babaei Reza , Ting David S-K , Carriveau Rupp
Published: February 2025

This article investigates the economic and technical feasibility of employing various photovoltaic (PV) tracking systems to electrify Western Pelee Island. The systems under consideration include horizontal-axis monthly adjustment (HMA), horizontal-axis continuous adjustment (HCA), vertical-axis continuous adjustment (VCA), and dual-axis tracker (DAT). The analysis includes a techno-economic assessment of these trackers, considering solar, bio, and diesel operation and two dispatch strategies: cycle charging (CC) and load following (LF). The results indicate that the optimal solution is a CC-controlled system equipped with a VCA tracker. The LF-controlled system with this tracker has a higher net present cost (NPC), cost of energy (COE), and renewable fraction by ∼$0.02 M, ∼$0.002/kWh, and 7.6%, respectively. NPC of HMA and COE of HVA-based systems with CC strategies are the most sensitive cases to SOCmin. In load variation, the largest and lowest decrease in COE, respectively, is observed in HVA and DA trackers controlled by CC dispatch strategy. In order for DA trackers to match the performance of VCA trackers, their costs must decrease by approximately 41% and 43% in CC and LF systems, respectively. The financial sensitivity of DA-based systems is higher due to albedo effects. This study provides valuable insights into optimizing PV tracking for the electrification of Western Pelee Island and enhances our understanding of the economic implications associated with dispatch strategies and tracking technologies in sustainable energy planning.
Modelling extensions for multi-location studies in environmental epidemiology
Authors: Masselot Pierre , Gasparrini Antonio
Published: February 2025

Multi-location studies are increasingly used in environmental epidemiology. Their application is supported by designs and statistical techniques developed in the last decades, which however have known limitations. In this contribution, we propose an improved modelling framework that addresses these issues. Specifically, this flexible framework allows the direct modelling of demographic differences across locations, defining geographical variations linked to multiple vulnerability factors, capturing spatial heterogeneity and predicting risks to new locations, and improving the assessment of uncertainty. We illustrate these new developments in an analysis of temperature-mortality associations in Italian cities, providing fully reproducible R code and data.
How Have China's STI Policies Shaped EU-China Cooperation?
Authors: Wen Wen , Chang Lingying , Wu Yue , Han Feng , Zhou Lu
Published: February 2025

This study examines the evolution of Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) policies within the context of the European Union (EU) and China scientific cooperation. Applying a historical institutionalism perspective, this study identifies three phases in EU-China scientific cooperation since 2006: dependent innovation, innovation with a global vision, and a transition to passive independent innovation. The study reveals that EU-China scientific cooperation has been significantly shaped by the trajectory of China's STI policies. The reciprocal relationship between the EU and China, particularly in terms of economic implications, has undergone dynamic changes. With the evolving role of the government in STI domains, EU-China cooperation has diversified in fields and approaches. This study provides a Chinese perspective on uncovering the internal logic of Chinese STI policies, highlighting the dynamics between the national and the international dimensions. Finally, the paper offers prospects for EU-China scientific cooperation in an era characterized by competition and interdependence in scientific advancements.
Embracing the Future: Artificial Intelligence in the Provision of Pre-Employment Transition Services to Autistic and Neurodivergent Youth
Authors: McDonald Hurford Rachel , Derry Melanie , Bavuso Elli
Published: February 2025

Background

Transition-aged youth with autism and other neurodiversities face high levels of unemployment and underemployment and can benefit from pre-employment and transition services to improve long-term outcomes. While the mainstream proliferation of artificial intelligence tools has garnered global attention over the last year, there is a growing body of research exploring how these technologies can be used to enhance communication and workplace readiness skills for these transition-aged youth.

Objective

This article examines the current state of artificial intelligence and technology integration into pre-employment and transition skills training for neurodivergent and autistic youth.

Method

We completed a scoping literature review across these topic areas, pre-employment services and artificial intelligence and technology for neurodivergent and autistic youth.

Results

We found the literature in this area of research to be in a state of rapid development and flux. A total of 27 articles were found. Specifically, there is literature describing the needs of neurodivergent and autistic youth in pre-employment services related to workplace readiness. Our review revealed promising advances in the use of technology and artificial intelligence to support the development of social communication and job-related skills for use in pre-ETS.

Conclusions

The proliferation of artificial intelligence and technology into mainstream society provides an opportunity to explore and hone the use of these tools to improve pre-employment and transition skills for neurodivergent youth. Stakeholders should engage in participatory and ethical practices to develop and implement strategies that improve workplace readiness and employment outcomes for this population.
Hemangioma-Like Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Exhibiting Aggressive Behavior and High Stage: A Case Report
Authors: Lenz Jiří , Michalová Květoslava , Fiala Luděk , Tichý Michal , Tichý František , Kavka Miroslav
Published: February 2025

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) displays a variety of architectural patterns, which are often intermingled. However, a predominant or purely multicystic growth with diffuse intracystic hemorrhage leading to hemangioma-like histomorphology, is extremely rare in CCRCC. In this article, we describe a CCRCC exhibiting a pure hemangioma-like architecture and aggressive behavior. The patient was a 73-year-old man with a tumor of the left kidney measuring 70 mm in the largest dimension. Histological examination of the nephrectomy specimen revealed a tumor composed entirely of blood filled spaces lined by a single layer of flattened or low cuboidal cells lacking high-grade features or voluminous clear cytoplasm. These cells showed diffuse immunohistochemical positivity for keratin AE1/AE3 and carbonic anhydrase 9 and focal positivity for PAX8, CD10, and alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase. The tumor invaded the renal vein; no lymph nodes or extension of the tumor into the soft tissues of the hilum were detected (stage pT3a pNx). Using the Illumina TruSight Oncology 500 kit, a clinically significant c.3481dup, p.(Arg1161LysfsTer13) and c.2050del, p.(Gln684Asnfs4) mutations of the tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 ( TET2) gene and c.296, p.(Pro99GlnfsTer60) mutation of the von Hippel-Lindau ( VHL) gene were identified. The immunophenotype and molecular genetics of our tumor were consistent with CCRCC, suggesting that the unusual hemangioma-like growth pattern is most likely the result of extensive regressive changes. In contrast to all previously published reports, our study demonstrated that, despite the bland histological appearance, renal cell carcinomas with hemangioma-like features can invade the renal vein and follow an aggressive clinical course.
Tenecteplase vs Reteplase in Patients with Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Mohamed Adham , Mahmoud Sara , Fahmi Amr M. , Mahfouz Ahmed , Kanaan Tayseer , Jaber Jihad , Alkhawi Mansour , Alkhalaf Saleh , Kodimi Hassan , Shaaban Ahmed , Alshibli Omar , Almasalmeh Awad , Arafa Salaheddin , Elbdri Salah , Falah Suhail , Altrad Fayez , Soaly Ezeldin , Elenany Rasha , Alyafei Sumaya , Arabi Abdul Rahman
Published: February 2025

Coronary artery disease is one of the leading causes of death globally. Despite the increased number of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) capable facilities, fibrinolytic therapy is still being utilized especially in rural areas. No studies have directly compared tenecteplase and reteplase in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Purpose

The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of both agents in patients with acute STEMI.

Methods

This was a multicenter retrospective observational study comparing tenecteplase and reteplase in patients with acute STEMI. The primary outcome was the incidence of failed thrombolysis. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of major bleeding, cardiogenic shock, re-infarction and mortality.

Results

A total of 282 patients were included, 229 and 53 received tenecteplase and reteplase, respectively. The incidence of failed thrombolysis was 33.2% in the tenecteplase group compared to 20.8% in the reteplase group (adjusted odds ratio 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.25-1.1; p = 0.089). The incidence of major bleeding was 0.9% in the tenecteplase group and 5.7% in the reteplase group (p = 0.017). There was no significant difference in mortality or other secondary outcomes.

Conclusion

There was no difference in the primary outcome of failed thrombolysis between tenecteplase and reteplase; however, major bleeding events were significantly higher in the reteplase group. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm our findings.
Developing an artificial intelligence model for English grammar correction: A computational linguistics approach
Authors: Jiang Han
Published: February 2025

This article aimed to explore the development of an artificial intelligence model for English grammar correction based on computational linguistics methods. Traditional grammar correction systems suffer from problems such as complex rules, sparse data, and insufficient utilization of contextual information. To address these issues, this article adopted Transformer’s pre-trained language model, utilizing its powerful context understanding and automatic feature extraction capabilities to improve the processing performance of complex syntax structures and long-distance dependencies. Meanwhile, by constructing large-scale and diverse datasets and combining them with data augmentation techniques, the model’s generalization ability and robustness were enhanced. This article also investigated hyperparameter tuning, model integration, and continuous optimization strategies in the process of model training optimization, and provided a detailed description of model evaluation and experimental validation. In the evaluation, the average precision, average recall, and average F1 score for most common grammar errors were 0.8, 0.805, and 0.801, respectively. The model in this article has excellent grammar correction ability. Through comprehensive experiments and evaluations, the potential and advantages of a new grammar correction artificial intelligence model developed based on computational linguistics methods in improving grammar correction effectiveness and practicality have been demonstrated.
Rethinking Dual-Enrollment Student Retention: A Drop-and-Reenroll Policy to Lower the Stakes for Dually Enrolled Students
Authors: Franklin Connar , Wyatt Sierra
Published: February 2025

Dual enrollment programs offer high school students the opportunity to earn college credit; retaining dually enrolled students remains a critical challenge for postsecondary institutions. This study examines the effectiveness of a unique drop-and-reenroll policy which allows dual enrollment students to drop their first dual enrollment course and re-enroll in the same course, at no additional cost, in a future term. The policy aims to support student retention by providing a flexible pathway for students who may struggle with the initial adjustment to college coursework. Using course scores from over 1,200 dual enrollment students, this study compares the academic performance of students who completed the course on their first attempt with those who completed after taking advantage of the policy. Results indicate that students who re-enrolled after dropping the course demonstrated slightly lower scores and greater variability in performance compared to their peers who completed the course on their first attempt.
Development of an individual warp beam tension control system for warp assembling machines in direct warp preparation
Authors: Eren Recep , Kılıç Sinan , Atalay Ömer
Published: February 2025

Warp preparation is a process prior to weaving that brings all the ends side by side and then winding them on a warp beam with the same tension and length at a predetermined width, density and length. Modern warp preparation machines employ feedback control systems controlling total or individual warp tension. Older warping machines in industry mostly do not have a precise feedback tension control systems and do not match with the quality requirements of today’s market expectations. This paper presents a research in which an individual section beam warp tension control system is explained for converting older beam-assembling machines to a new technology in a direct warping process. The total warp tension of each section warp beam was measured and breaking torque of the magnetic powder brake was adjusted when a deviation occured from the set tension value. It was shown that average loom efficiency increased by 5.65% despite an increase in average loom speed from 663 to 733 rpm in an air jet loom factory. The fabric fault ratio decreased from 3.45% to 1.04% per 100 m of fabric and warp waste decreased from 0.5% to below 0.2% with the new individual section warp beam tension control system adapted to an older version of the assembling machine having total tension control and section warp beam pneumatic brake system.
Integrating Qualitative Comparative Analysis With Reflexive Thematic Analysis in Theme Development
Authors: Sun Yi , Hsieh Jasper , Gao Xuesong (Andy)
Published: February 2025

A transparent analytical process contributes to the methodological rigor of reflexive thematic analysis. To enhance such transparency in reflexive thematic analysis, novice researchers need to document and present the analytical processes of theme development. In this article, we showcase how qualitative comparative analysis can be integrated into reflexive thematic analysis as a strategy for novice researchers. We demonstrate how novice researchers can develop codes and categories, use qualitative comparative analysis to facilitate the exploration of the complex causal relationships between categories, and construct candidate themes based on these analyses. We then show how novice researchers can continue developing these themes by creating relationships between codes and categories on the basis of qualitative data and existing literature. Such integration of methods not only facilitates theme development, but also assists researchers in justifying the decisions made in a reflexive thematic analysis process. The analytical procedures presented in this article may thus help novice researchers engaged in reflexive thematic analysis to enhance the transparency of their analytical process.
Understanding the role of the Colombian news media in a peace process during crisis times: The 2015 escalation of the conflict
Authors: Ortega Chávez Jose David
Published: February 2025

This article contributes to the understanding of the role of the media in peace processes. By applying Wolfsfeld’s politics–media–politics model, the author assesses the role that the Colombian media played at the moment of the worst escalation of the conflict – in 2015 – during the peace negotiation (2012–2016) between the Colombian government and FARC. He does this by drawing upon a triangulation of methods that combines Structural Topic Modelling on 17,688 news articles, thematic analysis (n = 146), and interviews (n = 26) with politicians and journalists. Findings show that the Colombian media considerably amplified the escalation of the conflict and provided a pessimistic narrative with regard to the future of the negotiations. Importantly, the news media embraced an elite-driven approach to report on the events: they tended to deem only FARC accountable for the loss of trust around the negotiations during the crisis (although the government also committed violent attacks). This shows that the news media sided with the government’s communication strategy which aimed to make FARC politically accountable for the crisis. In the end, the crisis reached a positive outcome: an agreement to de-escalate the conflict was reached after the government publicly threatened FARC to end the negotiations in its first public interview. Considering these findings, this article argues that the news media intervened by amplifying the crisis, worsening the political atmosphere of the negotiations and pressuring both delegations to come to an agreement to change the approach of negotiating amidst the conflict.
Examining the impact of the ‘visitor effect’ and weather variables on the behavior of Chilean flamingos (Phoenicopterus chilensis) via webcam
Authors: Anderson Matthew J. , Rodman Emily C.
Published: February 2025

A publicly available online webcam hosted by Reid Park Zoo (Tucson, AZ, USA) was utilized to study the ‘visitor effect’ in Chilean flamingos ( Phoenicopterus chilensis) to eliminate any potential influence that the presence of a researcher may have had on the behavior of the birds. Flamingos were found to be closer to one another in the webcam image on days when more humans were observed in the vicinity of the exhibit, successfully evidencing a ‘visitor effect.’ Higher temperatures, lower barometric pressures, and lower wind speeds were all found to be associated with increased flamingo activity. Higher temperatures and UV index, and lower humidity and wind speed were all associated with increased numbers of visitors seen near the flamingo exhibit.