bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Guru Menyusun RPP melalui Supervisi Akademik Berkelanjutan
Authors: Marheni Made Sri
Published: March 2022

Kompetensi guru dalam menyusun rencana pembelajaran khususnya silabus dan RPP masih tergolong rendah. Jumlah guru yang menyusun silabus dan RPP sebelum mengajar masih belum maksimal. Penelitian tindakan sekolah ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam menyusun Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Abad 21 melalui penerapan supervisi akademik yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Rancangan masing-masing siklus terdiri atas perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi/evaluasi dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian yang digunakan adalah guru di SD yang jumlahnya 10 orang. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode observasi dengan instrumen berupa lembar observasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata kemampuan guru dalam menyusun RPP sesuai dengan abad 21 pada prasiklus sebesar 67,17 yang tergolong cukup, meningkat pada siklus I menjadi 71,22 yang tergolong cukup, dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 77,00 yang berada pada kategori baik. Maka supervisi akademik berkelanjutan dapat meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam menyusun RPP sesuai dengan abad 21. Implikasi kegiatan supervisi untuk membantu guru dalam mengelolah proses pembelajaran dan juga membantu meningkatkan mutu pendidikan, meningkatkan kualitas kinerja atau profesionalisme guru, dan meningkaatkan situasi pembelajaran dalam kelas.
Model Pembelajaran Quantum Teaching Berbantuan Media Konkret untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa Kelas IX SMP
Authors: Sukadana I Nyoman
Published: March 2022

Kurangnya partisipasi siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal ataupun masalah-masalah dalam pembelajaran menyebabkan hasil belajar IPA menjadi rendah. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas IX melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Quantum Teaching berbantuan media konkret. Subjek penelitian ini adalah semua siswa yang berjumlah 41 orang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (Classroom Action Research). Data dikumpulkan dengan cara dokumentasi dan tes. Penelitian terdiri atas dua siklus meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian siklus I menunjukkan bahwa indikator keberhasilan belum tercapai karena rata-rata hasil belajar pada siklus I adalah 72 dan prosentase ketuntasan belajar kelasikal sebesar 63% dengan tingkat kategori hasil belajar “sedang”. Rata-rata hasil belajar pada siklus II adalah 82 dengan persentase ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar 98% berada pada tingkat kategori “baik”. Jadi, model pembelajaran Quantum Teaching berbantuan media konkret dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik. Implikasi penggunaan model pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan kompetensi siswa mampu meningkatkan rasa antusias, motivasi, dan pencapaian kompetensi pengetahuan siswa.
Kesulitan Belajar pada Siswa Kelas II Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Suartini Ni Wayan Putri
Published: March 2022

Banyak anak-anak yang mengalami kesulitan belajar, salah satunya kesulitan belajar membaca. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kesulitan belajar pada siswa kelas II Sekolah Dasar. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas II SD. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan metode wawancara, dokumentasi, serta triangulasi sumber data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa anak yang masih mengalami kesulitan belajar membaca. Dalam hal ini dipengaruhi oleh dua faktor, yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal yang menyebabkan anak mengalami kesulitan belajar membaca ialah kurangnya minat dari diri siswa tersebut untuk belajar membaca sehingga mereka menjadi malas dalam membaca. Faktor eksternal yang memengaruhi kesulitan membaca siswa dapat dikelompokkan kedalam tiga yaitu lingkungan keluarga, sekolah, dan masyarakat. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kesulitan belajar yang banyak dialami oleh siswa kelas II SD adalah kesulitan belajar membaca. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu guru dalam memberikan tindakan untuk mengatasi berbagai kesulitan belajar yang dialami siswa.
Upaya Optimalisasi Prestasi Belajar Matematika melalui Pemberian Tes secara Kontinu pada Siswa Kelas XI
Authors: Kayon I Wayan
Published: March 2022

Banyaknya siswa yang kurang tertarik terhadap matematika menyebabkan penguasaan dan pemahaman siswa terhadap matematika masih rendah. Hal ini berimbas pada prestasi belajar yang diperoleh siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatan prestasi belajar matematika melalui pemberian tes secara kontinu pada siswa kelas XI. Penelitian ini terdiri atas 2 siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri atas empat tahapan yakni perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 34 siswa kelas XI yang terdiri atas 23 siswa perempuan dan 11 siswa laki-laki. Data dianalisis menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian prestasi belajar prasiklus menunjukan bahwa rata-rata nilai prestasi belajar Matematika sebesar 61,71 dengan daya serap belajar mencapai 62%, serta ketuntasan klasikal 53%. Nilai prestasi belajar siswa pada siklus I mencapai rata-rata nilai kelas sebesar 74,41 dan mengalami peningkatan pada siklus II menjadi 82,12. Untuk daya serap pada siklus I mencapai 82% meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 82%. Sedangkan untuk ketuntasan klasikal pada siklus I sebesar 71% dan pada siklus II mencapai 88%. Jadi, proses pembelajaran dengan pemberian tes secara kontinu dapat meningkatkan motivasi siswa untuk belajar lebih giat agar mampu menyelesaikan soal tes yang diberikan dengan nilai yang baik.
Model Pembelajaran Inquiry untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar IPA Siswa Kelas V SD
Authors: Sutarningsih Ni Luh
Published: March 2022

Rendahnya mutu belajar peserta didik, kurang aktifnya peserta didik dalam pembelajaran, kebiasaan peserta didik menunggu instruksi guru, dan kesibukan guru dengan kegiatan-kegiatannya menyebabkan pembelajaran yang diselenggarakan belum maksimal. Hal ini memberikan dampak buruk terhadap prestasi belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar IPA siswa kelas V SD melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Inquiry. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan tes. Tes digunakan untuk mengukur prestasi belajar siswa setelah penerapan metode pembelajaran Inquiry. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tahapan prasiklus, prestasi belajar siswa hanya mencapai 63,65 dengan ketuntasan belajar 38,46%. Pada siklus I, meningkat menjadi 68,85 dengan ketuntasan belajar 65,38%. Pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 75,19 dengan ketuntasan belajar 88,46%. Maka, penerapan model Inquiry dalam pelaksanaan proses pembelajaran mampu meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa kelas V SD. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan dampak terhadap hasil belajar serta prestasi belajar siswa.
Metode Diskusi Kelompok untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Kelas VI SD
Authors: Suandi I Nyoman
Published: March 2022

Kurangnya sarana penunjang kegiatan pembelajaran seperti alat peraga yang belum memadai mengakibatkan pembelajaran Matematika tidak dapat menarik perhatian siswa. Hal ini akan berakibat pada rendahnya hasil belajar siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis peningkatan hasil belajar siswa melalui penerapan metode diskusi kelompok dalam mata pelajaran matematika pada siswa kelas VI SD. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dirancang dalam dua siklus. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VI SD sebanyak 24 orang Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode tes. Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil observasi awal, nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa sebesar 57,9 dan ketuntasan klasikal 58,3%. Hasil penelitian siklus I menunjukkan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa sebesar 59,5 dan ketuntasan klasikal 70,8%, artinya terdapat peningkatkan sebesar 1,6 poin. Pada Siklus II, rata-rata hasil belajar siswa sebesar 72,1. Hal ini menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan dari siklus sebelumnya sebesar 14,2 poin dengan ketuntasan belajar mencapai 100%. Maka, pembelajaran dengan Metode Diskusi Kelompok Dapat Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika siswa kelas VI SD. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran.
Inhibiting Factors in Automotive Courses at the Job Training Centre
Authors: Sutiman Sutiman , Jaedun Amat , Siddiq Mochammad Baharudin , Suyitno Suyitno , Nurtanto Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Indonesia faces unemployment and employment problems. In February 2021, the number of unemployed people aged 15 years and over in Indonesia reached 8.7 million. On the other hand, the Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted economic activity, uncertainty, and 6.4 million workers were forced to be laid off. The unemployment rate is one of the problems that Indonesia’s problems, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. The government, through the Minister of Manpower, seeks to control the unemployment rate during the Covid-19 pandemic by conducting various competency and productivity-based training through Education and training programs organized by the Vocational Training Centre (BLK) and the development program for expanding job opportunities for workers or laborers affected by the pandemic. This study aims to describe the inhibiting factors during the implementation of automotive courses and how the impact of these inhibiting factors on the management of automotive courses in BLK in the future. Respondents consisted of 17 teachers and managers in the automotive sector BLK. Data was collected using a questionnaire in the form of a questionnaire tested using Product-moment Person, expert judgment, and Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient. The findings show that the inhibiting factors include the curriculum with 65.11%, teachers 54.67%, course participants 57.22%, managers 65.52%, facilities 78.31%, funds or budget of 54.12%, the government by 51.18%, and the community by 60.71%. The research was limited to teachers and BLK managers in the automotive sector in Yogyakarta. Furthermore, future research is expected to involve various parties involved and supporting factors outside the aspects that have been studied.
Online Geoboard Media in Mathematics Learning: Understanding the Concept of Two-Dimentional Figure
Authors: Sabil Husni , Asrial Asrial , Syahrial Syahrial , Robiansah Muhammad Andika , Zulkhi Muhammad Dewa , Damayanti Latipia , Kiska Nurul Delima , Silvia Ninda , Ubaidillah Ubaidillah
Published: March 2022

Learning is a process of adding insight, improving skills, and changing attitudes for the better. In introducing the shape of the room, the teacher finds it difficult to embed the concept, by using the online media geoboard to make it easier to understand the concept of flat shape. This study aims to describe how the influence of using Geoboard online in improving students' understanding of mathematical concepts in the learning of Bangun Datar in the fourth grade of elementary school. Type of research This type of research uses the Mix method, namely data collection using qualitative and quantitative. Sampling using purposive sampling with a total of 28 students and research design using Explanatory Sequential Design. This study involves several variables as research categories, namely student responses and concept understanding. Data analysis used descriptive and inferential statistics. The result is that the response variable and concept understanding have a significant effect, with a value of sig <0.05 and on each dominant variable in the good category, so that the online geoboard media has an effect on students' understanding of the flat wake concept. Therefore, the use of geoboard online media can be used as an alternative to fun learning and is appropriate for the age of elementary school children. In addition to making it easier for teachers to introduce hereditary culture, namely games, students are also more active in learning.
The New Way Improve Learners' Speaking Skills: Picture and Picture Learning Media Based on Articulate Storyline
Authors: Yolanda Stefi , Winarni Retno , Yulisetiani Septi
Published: March 2022

Success in the learning process in elementary schools can be seen from the active participation of students in conveying their ideas and feelings through good speaking skills. The low speaking ability of students in elementary schools hurts the quality of learning. Therefore, learning media is needed to improve students' speaking skills, using interactive picture and picture learning media based on storyline articulation. This study aims to create learning media that can improve the speaking skills of elementary school students. This research is a research and development (RnD) with the ADDIE model which consists of five stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The subjects of this study were teachers and students of grade 3 elementary school. Data collection techniques were carried out using documentation, interviews, and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative analysis technique and quantitative analysis. The results of the study obtained valid, practical. Effective learning media with an excellent validity level, namely 92% and 90.90% for materials and media, the practicality level of students and teachers was 82.5%; 85% and 82.5%; 90% with a convenient category and has an effect that can be seen from the Z count of -3.411 with Asymp. Sig 0.001 of 12 and 15 students from the limited group and the broad group who took the test and had a pretest average of 68.4 and got a post-test average of 83.4. Thus, this media can improve the speaking skills of elementary school children.
Student Responsibilities Towards Online Learning in Interactive Multimedia Courses
Authors: Dewi Utari , Sumarno Alim , Dimas Hirnanda , Kristanto Andi
Published: March 2022

In online learning, an attitude of responsibility is needed in the learning process. Today, the attitude of responsibility in students is reduced. This study aims to look at the student's responsible attitude towards online learning in the interactive multimedia development course. This research is descriptive, namely research to describe the symptoms, phenomena, or facts studied by describing the independent variables, without intending to connect or compare. Data collection techniques using a Google Form questionnaire. The population in this study were students who were taking Interactive Multimedia courses totaling 167 respondents. The data obtained were analyzed using a descriptive percentage technique. The results of this study indicate that a very good attitude of responsibility in online interactive multimedia learning is related to aspects of punctuality in collecting assignments and knowing the lecture schedule, aspects of revising work and doing all assignments independently, aspects of using original ideas, and do not do plagiarism works. While the attitude of responsibility that is still lacking in online interactive multimedia learning is related to aspects of participation in online class forum discussions and providing suggestions or input on the work of colleagues, aspects of using illustrations/drawings themselves. So that we get the results that there are aspects of the attitude of responsibility related to social responsibility that is still lacking, while individual responsibility is quite good.
Card Macth Circle: Innovative Learning Media on Social Science Learning in Grade IV Elementary School
Authors: Sexcio Exky Bima , Dafit Febrina
Published: March 2022

Card Match Circle learning media is a learning media that is used to improve innovative and creative learning outcomes. This media is used because of the lack of availability of innovative learning media in elementary schools. This study aimed to develop learning media products in the form of picture cards in social studies learning in fourth-grade elementary school. This research design uses the ADDIE method, which only reaches the Implementation stage because the researchers only develop and carry out practicality tests. Sources of data in this study amounted to 15 people consisting of 4 experts, 1 teacher and 10 students. The data collection technique consisted of two data collections: the teacher's response, the student's response, the two validation sheets of linguists, media experts, and material experts. The research instrument used was in the form of a linguist validation questionnaire, a media expert validation questionnaire, a material expert validation questionnaire, a student response questionnaire, and a teacher response questionnaire. The data analysis technique is descriptive qualitative and descriptive quantitative data. Based on the data obtained from research from media experts, a total of 100%, material experts in total 100%, and linguists on average 65% and the overall result is an average value of 88%, and it can be concluded that the Card Match Circle media is very valid to be used as instructional media. The analysis results of teacher responses are a total average of 100%, and students are an average of 97% in total, and the overall results are an average of 98%. It can be concluded that the Card Match Circle learning media impacts student learning outcomes. With this media, it can facilitate students in learning. In addition, it makes learning not boring so that students are enthusiastic in following the lessons given by the teacher.
Communication Skill, Student Engagement and Self-Efficacy: Flow on Effect on Student Online Learning
Authors: Susilowati Nurdian , Mahmud Amir , Sari Puji Novita
Published: March 2022

The transition from offline learning to online learning needs to be researched comprehensively. Accounting lessons, which were originally conducted face-to-face, were finally conducted online due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines online learning using google meet on communication skills, student engagement, and student self-efficacy. The subjects of this study were students who took public sector accounting courses in their second year of study. Data collection was carried out using a google form distributed in public sector accounting classes. Paired t-test was used to analyze 120 student responses. The findings show that students' communication skills in online learning are increasing. Students can express their opinions and ideas using oral, written, and group presentations. However, online learning did not contribute to student engagement and student self-efficacy. They do not have clear learning targets because they do not have the pressure to be involved in online classroom activities. This implies that students have not realized that they should be involved in online learning. Other causes include low supervision by lecturers, and low awareness of students to learn. In addition, students are also unsure of their ability to do academic assignments. Based on these findings, this study provides significant implications for students and lecturers in choosing and using more appropriate online learning strategies to improve communication skills, student engagement, and self-efficacy.
Mathematical Physics E-Module : Study of Students’ Perception Based on Gender
Authors: Astalini Astalini , Darmaji Darmaji , Kurniawan Dwi Agus , Ramadhanti Auliya
Published: March 2022

Mathematics physics is often considered by students as a very difficult subject to learn, one of the causes that makes this happen is the lack of learning media that supports students. In addition, most of the existing media use foreign languages, so that in this case Indonesian language learning media is needed, namely the mathematical physics e-module on vector material which is then seen from student responses based on gender differences. This study aims to analyze students' perceptions of the mathematics physics e-module and to analyze students' perceptions based on gender differences in the mathematics physics e-module. This type of research is survey-based research with a quantitative approach. The population of this study was physics education students who contracted mathematical physics with a sample of 80 students. The instrument used in this study was a student perception questionnaire with 15 questions and an interview sheet with 10 questions. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive statistical analysis and inferential data analysis using t-test. The results showed that overall students had a positive perception with a perception value of 60% in the very good category and 40% in the good category, whereas when viewed from the gender difference, male students had a perception value of 76.6% in the very good category and 23, 3% in the good category, for female students 50% in the very good category and 50% in the good category. That is, students with gender differences have striking differences in perceptions. Student perceptions can be used as a determining factor in the selection of open materials. From the results, it can be seen that gender differences can help in assessing the products made so that they will support the learning process and increase student learning motivation.
Effectiveness of English for Tourism E-Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ritonga Abdul Kadir
Published: March 2022

The current pandemic situation has resulted in a change in learning methods from face to face to online methods, thus demanding of readiness of lecturers and students to be able to solve problems in order to achieve the learning objectives. In making this online-based tourism English learning method effective, the involvement of lecturers in preparing materials, students in receiving materials, and the use of technology is an inseparable unity. Online learning is an alternative learning method that utilizes the virtual world in the learning process. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the online-based English for Tourism teaching and learning process for students with a sample of 130 students taking English courses consisting of Room Division Management, Patisserie Management, Food & Beverage Management, and Tourism Destinations study programs. This type of research was experimental research with pre-experimental research design in the form of the one-shot case study. The instrument by distributing questionnaires was carried out online. Hypothesis testing used one sample t-test analysis with the help of SPSS. The results showed that online-based English for Tourism learning was effective. The results of inferential parametric statistical analysis obtained t-count 83,702 > t-table 1.97852, because the value of t-count was greater than α = 0.05 so H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. So, it could be concluded that the effectiveness of online learning of English for Tourism was effectively.
Android-Based Blended Learning Media for Computer Maintenance Lectures
Authors: Sefriani Rini , Sepriana Rina , Radyuli Popi , Hakiki Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Advances in science and technology that move so fast provide very significant changes to human life, especially in the field of education and learning. This study aims to design and develop a combination of Android-based learning media that can be used on communication devices such as smartphones in the hope of increasing students' understanding of computer maintenance. The type of research used is research and development (R&D) using a 4D model, namely define, design, development and dissemination which produces android-based learning media products. The instrument used in this study was in the form of a questionnaire distributed to lecturers and students as well as experts to test the feasibility. based on the analysis, it was found that the feasibility test for this android-based learning media was 82.83%, with a valid interpretation of the level of validity of the use. The results of the overall practicality assessment from the practicality test were obtained at 86.34%, so that the practicality level could be interpreted as very practical to use. The results of the overall assessment of the effectiveness test for the effectiveness assessment are 100% so that it can be interpreted as being very effectively used. Thus, this learning media is valid to use, very practical to use and very effectively used in computer maintenance lectures.
Developing and Maintaining a Service Culture
Authors: Hudson Dr. Simon , Hudson Louise
Published: March 2022

The spotlight on Isadore Sharp and the Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts shows the critical importance of developing a service culture in order to enable superior customer service. Having a service culture is one part of internal marketing, the focus of this chapter. Internal marketing was introduced in Chapter 1 as an integral part of the services marketing triangle (see Figure 1.2), and can be defined as marketing aimed internally, targeted at a company’s own employees. Internal marketing takes place through the fulfilling of promises. Promises are easy to make, but unless, like at the Four Seasons, employees are recruited, trained, equipped with tools and appropriate internal systems, and rewarded for good service, the promises may not be kept. Internal marketing was first proposed in the 1970s (Berry et al., 1976) as a way to deliver consistently high service quality, but despite the rapidly growing literature on internal marketing, very few organizations actually apply the concept in practice. One of the main problems is that a single unified concept of what is meant by internal marketing does not exist. Lack of investment in internal marketing may also be the result of corporate distraction. Companies that are busy trying to boost revenues and cut costs may not see why they should spend money on employees, thus missing the point that these are the very people who ultimately deliver the brand promises the company makes.
Building and Maintaining Customer Relationships
Authors: Hudson Dr. Simon , Hudson Louise
Published: March 2022

Relationship marketing is a form of marketing that attracts customers, retains them, and enhances their satisfaction (Berry, 1983). Historically, tourism and hospitality marketers have put more emphasis on attracting new customers, but in the last few decades, the idea of nurturing the individual relationships with current and past customers has received greater attention, particularly in the hospitality sector (Rahimi et al., 2017). Most marketers now accept that it is less expensive to attract repeat customers than to create new ones, and this is the basic concept behind relationship marketing. The key outcome of all relation- ship marketing efforts is to make individual customers feel unique and to make them believe that the organization has singled them out for special attention. The opening case demonstrated how Ewald Biemans from Bucuti & Tara, takes such customization and personalization very seriously in his efforts to build relation- ships with customers.
The Financial and Behavioral Impacts of Customer Service
Authors: Hudson Dr. Simon , Hudson Louise
Published: March 2022

As world economies shift from a dependence on manufacturing to a focus on providing timely, quality service, customer service becomes more and more criti- cal to business success – particularly in the service sector. The opening spotlight featuring Scott Dunn Travel is a good example. The tourism industry is just one part of the growing service sector, and there is an increasing dominance of services in economies worldwide. The services sector employs around 45% of the world’s total labor force, and in many western countries, the service sector is responsible for over three-quarters of the Gross Domestic Product. In North America today nearly 80% of people employed work in the service sector and less than 10% are employed in manufacturing. The service sector accounts for nearly 80% of GDP. This is the same in many European economies (United Kingdom, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Sweden, France, Denmark and Belgium) and, outside Europe, other manufacturing countries have moved to services as well. For example, in South Korea service activities represented 54% of total employment in 1995 and by 2019 that percentage was over 70%.
Contribution of the Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test for the Evaluation of Immunoreactivity against Gluten Extracts in Non—IgE-Mediated / Non-Autoimmune Gluten-Related Disorders
Authors: Olivier Celso Eduardo , Pinto Daiana G. , Teixeira Ana P. M. , Santana Jhéssica L. S. , Santos Raquel A. P. G. , Lima Regiane P. S.
Published: March 2022

Background: The Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS) is a category inside the Gluten-Related Disorders (GRD) that groups the patients with unidentified mechanisms responsible for their symptoms.

Objective: To evaluate the opportunity of an ex vivo challenge immunoassay, the Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test (LAIT), to discriminate non—IgE-mediated gluten-specific immunoreactivity in patients with NCGS.

Methods: Ex vivo challenge tests performed with gluten latex extract, monitored by LAIT, were assayed in an asymptomatic control group of 30 individuals and a group of 52 patients with GRD not related to any identifiable immune mechanism (NCGS).

Results: The mean Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition (LAI) of the control group was 10.9%. The mean LAI of the NCGS patients’ group was 54.9%. The non-parametric Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test comparing the control group with the NCGS patient’s group showed significance with a p-value < 0.00001.

Conclusion: The LAIT is an ex vivo challenge test able to discriminate gluten-sensitive and gluten-tolerant individuals, suggesting the participation of an immune Non—IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction in patients with the clinical diagnosis of NCGS.
Suspected COVID-19 Cases Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Correlation of Demographic and Clinical Characteristics with Viral Load Results and Hospitalization
Authors: Mourtzikou Antonia , Korre Antonia , Stamouli Marilena , Seitopoulou Christina , Petraki Ioanna , Kalliora Georgia , Koumpouros Panagiotis , Karle Paraskevi , Kimouli Maria
Published: March 2022

Background: The current pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus affected the health care systems, health services and economy globally. It also affected the health of the population worldwide, with high mortality and morbidity rates. The present study aimed to study the patients that were admitted to a tertiary care hospital and to investigate the potential correlation between hospitalization and RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 results with demographic characteristics and clinical characteristics. Moreover, it aimed to examine a mathematical formula that might describe the correlation of the aforementioned parameters.

Methods: The study population included 1244 patients admitted to the Nikea General Hospital "Agios Panteleimon", Piraeus, Greece. Patient age, gender, underlying diseases, travel history, symptoms, etiology for hospital admission and contact with confirmed cases were recorded. Potential correlation of hospitalization and RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 results with the aforementioned characteristics were identified by chi-square test of independence and logistic regression analysis.

Results: We observed significant correlation of hospitalization with fever, cough, dyspnea, pneumonia, travel history and etiology for hospital admission. We observed significant correlation of RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 results with rapid antigen test result, hospitalization etiology for hospital admission and contact with confirmed COVI-19 case.

Conclusions: According to the logistic regression model, RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 result, fever, dyspnea, pneumonia, and underlying disease are the most important predictors for hospitalization in the population under study. Contact with confirmed COVID-19 case is the most important predictor for RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 result.
Democracy and Development: A Critical Analysis of the Nexus in Malawi and Rwanda
Authors: Dambula Chrispin
Published: March 2022

The question whether democracy is the best system of governance that expedites development is one that has not been settled and continues to gain traction in academic debates in the Twenty-First century. Using descriptive and inferential statistics, particularly two-sample variable t-test, this paper analyzes parametric data collected from databases of Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), The World Bank, The United Nations, and Transparency International to compare 2004 – 2019 trends of development progress between Malawi as a democratic country and Rwanda as a nondemocratic country to contribute to the ongoing debates. The findings do not support democracy as a development catalyst. The study does not generalize its findings to all democracies and nondemocracies. However, as much as the findings cannot be generalized, they point to the need for further examination of the nexus between democracy and development. Areas recommended for future research are specified accordingly.
Efficiency of Artificial Insemination (AI) Technology in Different dairy Herd Management Systems in the Southern Highland Zone (SHZ) of Tanzania
Authors: Mwaipopo Lokoo Cbubby , Mbaga Said H.
Published: March 2022

The objective of the study was to establish the information on the performance of Artificial Insemination (A.I) in different production systems in the Southern Highlands Zone of Tanzania. Three districts namely, Njombe, Mbeya and Mbozi were purposively selected for data collection in smallholder farms and three large scale farms of ASAS, Sao Hill and Kitulo were selected for data collection. Data from 1486 and 163 dairy cow’s records from large and smallholder farms, respectively were used and analyzed using General Linear Model (GLM) procedure of Statistical Analysis System (SAS). The overall number of services per conception (NSC) were 2.49 and 1.39 in smallholder farms and large farms, respectively. In smallholder farms, NSC was influenced by district, breed, parity, AI technician, age at first service, calving to first service Interval (CFSI) (days) and who detect heat. In large farms NSC was influenced by farm location, source of semen and effect of year. First service to conception (FSC) were 43.56% and 72.48% in smallholder farms and large farms, respectively. It was revealed that the value of NSC and FSC under smallholder farms were lower compared to recommended values, indicating inefficiency of AI performance under smallholder farmer’s conditions in SHZ of Tanzania. Contrary NSC and FSC under larger farms were good indicating that AI is efficiency under large farms in SHZ of Tanzania. Hence there is a need to train smallholder dairy farmers on heat detection and good herd management so as to improve dairy reproductive efficiency in the country.
Implementing blended first-year chemistry in a developing country using online resources
Authors: Reyes Charisse Tongson , Kyne Sara Helen , Lawrie Gwendolyn Angela , Thompson Christopher David
Published: March 2022

Decades of rapid development in information and communication technologies (ICTs) have resulted in tremendous global evolution in computer and online instruction. Many developing countries, however, are still struggling to successfully integrate ICTs in their teaching and learning practices, subsequently leading to slower rates of adapting digital learning pedagogies. To understand how blended instruction might operate in higher education in a developing country, this study explored students’ perspectives on the implementation of blended learning in a first-year chemistry program delivered in the Philippines. Through the resource-based learning framework, multiple types of online learning resources were employed for blended delivery of topics on periodic trends, chemical bonding, Lewis structures, molecular shape and polarity through the learning management system, Moodle. To understand the students’ experiences, a mixed methods approach was employed through a survey, focus groups, and learning analytics. Despite the scarcity of technological resources (such as access to a reliable internet connection) 57.5% of 447 student respondents favoured blended learning because of the flexibility, wider access to different types of interactive learning resources, variety of learning activities, and perceived increase in learning productivity. While the majority of respondents (75.7%) had ICT skills sufficient for education, much fewer had access to computers (19.7%). 40.0% of students self-reported that they preferred a traditional mode of instruction primarily due to the perceived difficulty of chemistry as subject matter and the students’ perceived need for a physically-present teacher to explain concepts face-to-face and to respond to questions that would arise anytime during the learning period.
“Simplicity is Key”: Literacy Graduate Students’ Perceptions of Online Learning
Authors: Van Wig Ann , Yang Shuling , Bahlmann Bollinger Chelsey , Chen Xiufang , Karkar Esperat Tala , Pole Kathryn , Wilson Nance
Published: March 2022

Even before COVID-19, literacy graduate coursework was increasingly offered online, replacing the traditional campus-based courses This study investigated how graduate literacy students perceive coursework in an online learning environment. This understanding is important because (a) student perceptions regarding online learning are critical to motivation and learning; and (b) faculty designing courses need to consider student voice in course development. This survey research queried literacy master’s degree candidates their perceptions prior to and after taking online classes, their confidence levels using technology, and about the technological tools that have impacted their learning. Results indicated initial perceptions of online learning changed positively after engagement in coursework, but course design influenced collaboration and engagement. Statistical significance was found in changes in initial perceptions of online learning to a more positive overall feelings toward online learning. The results of this study raise important considerations for implementing online coursework for literacy graduate students.
Shared Metacognition in a Community of Inquiry
Authors: Garrison Randy
Published: March 2022

The article begins with a review of the shared metacognition construct and its function within the Community of Inquiry theoretical framework. The primary focus of the shared metacognition construct is the role of learners to take responsibility and control for monitoring and managing learning in a community of inquiry. Pragmatic challenges are explored through an analysis of recent research and a discussion of implementation issues. It is emphasized that shared metacognition is shaped by the teaching presence construct (planning, facilitation, and direction instruction) and its overlap with cognitive presence operationalized by the phases of the Practical Inquiry model (problem defining, exploration, integration, and resolution). The manuscript concludes with a discussion of the potential for future research associated with shared metacognition and the use of a quantitative shared metacognition questionnaire.
Perceived and Actual Cognitive Presence: A Case Study of an Intentionally-Designed Asynchronous Online Course
Authors: Ozogul Gamze , Zhu Meina , Phillips Tanner M.
Published: March 2022

Online instructional design and how to engage students cognitively in online asynchronous courses have been an ongoing question. This case study presents an intentional design of an asynchronous online graduate course to foster cognitive presence. The research questions investigate students’ cognitive presence (CP) captured by two measures: Community of Inquiry (CoI) survey (for self-report) and Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) software (for actual behaviors) in this online course. Additionally, it also addresses how cognitive presence is related to other presences and how the online course design elements were perceived by students. Results showed that students perceived high levels of cognitive presence and they showed high cognitive presence in their discussion board acts. There was a relationship between three presences; and findings showed that teacher and social presence were strong predictors of perceived cognitive presence. Although students in the study rated themselves high on the CoI instrument and scored high on the LIWC for cognitive presence, self-presentation bias still emerged. Strategies that helped students to stay cognitively present in this asynchronous online course included: instructor responsiveness in discussion posts and creating dialogue, creating course assignments as online hands-on project, interviewing guest speakers on specific course topics, weekly recap and orientation videos, feedback, case-based discussions, and other elements.
Evaluating a Structured Online Peer Evaluation System Among Graduate-Level Communication Capstone Students Through Action Research
Authors: Wilkinson Karen L
Published: March 2022

Although enrollment in online courses continues to accelerate, challenges exist in online learning. A failure to experience collaboration and interaction can impact student retention and success. While peer review activity promotes student interaction, a collaborative community of learners, and critical thinking skills, higher education environments have failed to equip students with the knowledge and tools to ensure adept participation. As students offered limited participation and low-quality engagement in routine online peer review activities, the purpose of this action research was to implement and evaluate the impact of a structured online peer evaluation system for Graduate Communication Capstone students at the University of North Coast Muscari (UNCM). This study incorporated a structured peer evaluation system, including an interactive educational technology peer review tool kit innovation. The theoretical framework of the innovation was aligned to learning theory and grounded in Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development, cognitive and mind tools, and Constructivist theory of cognitive apprenticeship. Data collection offered seven methods and data analysis included quantitative and qualitative approaches as part of a triangulation mixed methods design. Community of Inquiry (CoI) deductive analysis was performed to denote social and cognitive presences, while further validating the themes that had emerged through qualitative data analysis. As an impact of this research study, students used the structured peer evaluation system to transform anxiety into social and cognitive freedom, producing a focused, responsible approach to peer learning.
Introduction to Section II
Authors: Shea Peter
Published: March 2022

In addition to the special issue section on Advances in Cognitive Presence, this issue of Online Learning also contains a series of articles accepted through our regular submission process.  These articles examine MOOCs, blended learning, online instruction, remote education, and the Community of Inquiry framework among other topics.
OLJ March 2022 (26)1
Authors: Rice Mary Frances
Published: March 2022

Full issue
Bâbürlü Saray Kadınlarının Eğitime Olan Katkıları (1526-1707)
Authors: KARAYEL KÜLÜNK Habibe
Published: March 2022

Bâbürlü İmparatorluğu’nda saraylı kadınlar eğitim alanında aktif bir rol üstlenmişlerdir. Saraylı kadınların sahip oldukları yüksek meblağlı gelirler onların refah seviyelerinin yüksek olmasını sağlamış ve bu sayede kütüphaneler, medreseler inşa etme olanağına sahip olmuşlardır. Hint kıtasında 16. yüzyıldan itibaren hüküm sürmeye başlayan Bâbürlülerde hanedan kadınları; sanat, edebiyat, ticaret ve ekonomi alanında sürekli olarak varlıklarını hissettirmişlerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Bâbür Şah ile Âlemgîr Şah (Evrengzib) dönemleri arasında Bâbürlü saray kadınlarının eğitim ve öğrenim süreçlerine bakarak onların eğitim alanında yaptıkları faaliyetleri anlatmak olacaktır. Saray kadınlarının etkinliklerinin hemen her sahada hissedildiği bu dönemlerde, kadınlar aynı zamanda eğitime doğrudan katkıda bulunmuşlardır. İnşa ettirdikleri medreseler, eğitimcilere ve öğrencilere yapmış oldukları maddi yardımlar çalışma içerisinde işlenecek konulardandır. Dönemin yabancı tüccarları, seyyahları ve diplomatlarının kişisel notlarında bahsettikleri ve zaman zaman hayranlıklarını gizleyemedikleri Bâbürlü saray kadınlarının saray yönetiminden ticarete, edebiyattan sanata uzanan bu geniş perspektifi nasıl elde ettiklerine eğitim perspektifinden bakarak anlamak adına hazırlanan bu çalışma; Bâbürlü saray kadınlarının eğitimleri ve eğitim faaliyetlerine olan katkılarına odaklanacaktır.
Hypergraphs: Application in Food networks
Authors: Ali Rasheed Alrowily Ibtesam
Published: March 2022

A hypergraph is a generalization of a graph since, in a graph an edge relates only a pair of points, but the edges of a hypergraph known as hyperedges can relate groups of more than two points. The representation of complex systems as graphs is appropriate for the study of certain problems. We give several examples of social, biological, ecological and technological systems where the use of graphs gives very limited information about the structure of the system. We propose to use hypergraphs to represent these systems.
Multidetector computed tomography in the selection of the optimal surgical approach to the replacement of the aortic valve
Authors: Turgunov Azat , Kudaiberdiev Taalaibek
Published: March 2022

Abstract

More than 100 years have passed since the first successful operation on the aortic valve by expanding the stenotic aortic valve through the invaginated aortic wall by A. Taffer in 1914. Since then, medicine has been continuously developing, revealing new methods not only of diagnosis, but also of surgical treatment. One of these cases is, the role of multidetector computed tomography in the selection of the optimal surgical approach to replacing the aortic valve. We present here a review of current evidence on topic.
Spatial Distribution of Rice Planting Calendar in West Sumatra Province Based on MODIS Image Data
Authors: Ekaputra Eri Gas , Yanti Delvi , Irsyad Fadly , Setyanto Eri
Published: March 2022

Each region has its own cropping pattern due to its particular characteristics. Crop production may be increased by adjusting the timing of planting. Remote sensing technologies can be used to monitor regions where planting occurs simultaneously. The purpose of this study is to assess the degree of uniformity at the beginning of the paddy cultivation season in West Sumatra. In each growing season, there are two early cultivation seasons in the West Sumatra province. 19% of the region started cultivation in the first period of the first cultivation season (CS1), and 81% in the second period. 4.2% of the region started cultivation in the first period of the second cultivation season (CS2), while 95.8% started planting in the second period. 35% of the region started planting in the first period of the third cultivation season (CS3), while 65% started planting in the second period. The level of uniformity at the beginning of the second cultivation season was higher than at the beginning of the first cultivation season