bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of physical and cognitive performance profiles of 7-8 years old children in terms of talent selection in sports and sports orientation: the case of Kayseri
Authors: Sitti Samet , Adıgüzel Serdar , Köroğlu Yaşar
Published: October 2023

This study seeks to compare the physical and cognitive performances of 7-8-years-old children in terms of gender based on talent selection in sports and sports orientation as well as to contribute to the coaches studying in the field and the physical education teachers working in the schools in terms of talent selection tests and determination of talented athletes. The sample group consists of 178 boys and 151 girls studying in primary schools in Kayseri. To determine the physical performance of the participants, the eurofit test protocols including standing long jump, 30-m sprint test, sit-reach flexibility test, flamingo balance test, and 30 second sit-up test were applied. On the other hand, to determine the cognitive performance of the participants, visual and auditory reaction times were measured via the Newtest 1000 instrument. The SPSS 22 package program was used to evaluate the data. As a result of the statistical analysis, it was understood with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test that the data showed normal distribution. The descriptive statistical method and the independent sample t-test were applied to the participants in inter-group comparisons. As a result of the descriptive statistical analyzes, the mean values ​​of the participants' anthropometric characteristics were found as (male, age; 7.30 ± .46 (years), height; 127.39±5.75 (cm), body weight; 28.84±5.93 (kg), BMI; 17.67±2.74) and (female, age; 7.27±.44 (years), height; 125.26±5 .19 (cm), body weight; 27.35±5.43 (kg), BMI; 17.36±2.79). As a result of the analysis, a statistically significant difference was found between the height values ​​of girls and boys in terms of anthropometric characteristics (p<0.01). No significant difference was found in terms of other anthropometric values ​​(p>0.05). In terms of physical performances, a significance at the level of (p<0.01) was found in favour of boys in 30-m sprint test and standing long jump tests, and in favour of girls in flamingo balance test parameters. No significant difference was found in terms of cognitive performance. The results of the study reveal that the physical and cognitive performance data of primary-school 7-8-years-old children show similar developmental characteristics when evaluated in terms of gender.
The traumatic effect and consequences of the earthquake in the political context
Authors: Ayhan Zuhal
Published: October 2023

The aim of this research is to examine the post-earthquake trauma effect in Malatya and to reveal the situation in terms of different variables. The research was carried out with the relational screening model. The study group of the research consists of people (N=342) affected by the earthquake in Malatya province and its districts. The Post-earthquake Stress Level Determination Scale (DSSDB) Scale was used in the study. According to the results of the research, the general average of determining the post-earthquake stress level was low. It has been revealed that women's post-earthquake stress level perception of the overall scale and its sub-dimensions is higher than that of men. Again, those with a low income level (below 10,000 TL and between 10,001 TL and 15,000 TL) had higher post-traumatic stress than those with an income level (over 25,001 TL). In this case, if the income level is good, the post-earthquake stress remains at a low level.
Analysis of BRAF V600E in Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions of Colorectum by Immunohistochemistry: A Research Protocol
Authors: Goswami Shreya Giri , Bhake Arvind , Vagha Sunita
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Colorectal cancers have been extensively studied in recent years to understand their molecular abnormalities and their impact on treatment outcomes, as they continue to be a major global health burden. The Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) β-catenin pathway and the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (MAPKs) pathway are the topic of extensive research in colorectal pathology. Need of the study: The mutation in B-type Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma (BRAF) kinase is known to be associated with the pathogenesis and progression of precancerous lesions to cancerous lesions. Precancerous lesions carry a high risk of developing Adenocarcinoma. Therefore, the expression of BRAF can serve as a useful predictive and prognostic biomarker for disease outcomes and establish correlations with other clinicopathological parameters. Aim: The present study aims to assess the immunoexpression of BRAF V600E in precancerous and cancerous lesions of the colorectum, as well as the relationship between BRAF expression, histological grading, and the Tumour, Lymph Nodes, and Metastasis (TNM) staging of colorectal cancers. Materials and Methods: This will be an ambispective observational study (both prospective and retrospective) conducted at the Department of Pathology, Rural Hospital, Wardha, Maharashtra, India, over a two-year period (Retrospective data: August 2021 to July 2022, Prospective data: August 2022 to July 2023). A total of 25 cases each of precancerous and cancerous colorectal lesions will be included. Immunohistochemical expression of BRAF V600E will be performed on tissue sections from each case, and scoring will be conducted. The relationship between BRAF expression and clinicopathological parameters (such as tumour site, tumour size, number of positive lymph nodes, and perineural invasion), histological grade, and TNM stage will be assessed. The results will be analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 27.0. The Chi-square test will be used to investigate the relationship and association between BRAF V600E expression and clinicopathological parameters. Furthermore, Pearson’s correlation coefficient method will be utilised to determine the correlation between two parameters. A significance level of 95% (p-value < 0.05) will be considered.
Metabolomics: A Pioneering Technology for Periodontal Research and Personalised Medicine
Authors: Mathews Leya , Appukuttan Devapriya , Victor Dhayanand John , Prakash PSG , Subramanian Sangeetha
Published: October 2023

Metabolomics involves the identification and quantitative analysis of all small metabolites present in cells, tissues, and bodily fluids that are formed as a result of biochemical reactions within the cell. These metabolites form a large pool of substrates and can be modified by serving as a substrate for enzymes involved in other metabolic pathways. Therefore, the metabolome in an organism is so dynamic that there is variation in their quantity and chemical composition over time. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) are the most commonly used technologies in metabolomics. The metabolites are first isolated based on their polarity, chemical composition, and structural resemblances, after which they undergo specialised processes and are then analysed. Metabolomics, coupled with MS, has advanced rapidly and found widespread use in periodontal research. The presence of distinct metabolic and microbiological profiles in different types of periodontitis, as well as their link to clinical indicators of periodontal inflammation, has demonstrated the usefulness of metabolomics in screening, preventing, and monitoring prognosis. Conventional diagnostics fail to detect periodontitis in its early stages, cannot discriminate between past and present disease activity, and are incapable of analysing the entire repertoire of biomarkers in the biological system. Therefore, metabolomics, in conjunction with other omics technologies, can provide tailored periodontal disease therapy. The present review aimed to explore metabolomics, its applications in periodontics, and the potential for personalised treatment.
Postoperative Assessment of Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients Undergoing Transurethral resection of the Prostate under Spinal Anaesthesia: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Muhammed Hassaan , Reddy K Rameshwara , Sekhar T Chandra , Sandhya Karanam , Dinesh Nukala , Prasad A Siva , Naik Deshavath Manesh , Teja P Greeshma
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD) is a common disorder following surgery that threatens the quality of patients’ lives. POCD is closely associated with perioperative factors such as age, physical state, surgery duration, anaesthesia method, intraoperative hypotension, and infection. Among these factors, age is the only long-term risk factor for POCD. The relationship between anaesthesia depth and the incidence of POCD is debatable. Aim: To assess POCD in patients undergoing Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) and to examine the association between the duration of surgery and serum sodium levels with cognitive dysfunction. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Anesthesiology, PES Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh, India, from January 2020 to June 2021. The study included 100 patients aged over 60 years who were scheduled for TURP surgery under Spinal Anaesthesia. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) test was performed in the preoperative holding area, and the results were recorded. A decline in cognitive function was defined as a loss of 2 or more points on the MMSE test compared to the preoperative value. Serum sodium levels and MMSE scores were measured before surgery. Serum sodium levels and MMSE scores were also recorded after the 1st hour and 6th hour postoperatively. The data were entered into MS Excel 2007 and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: In the present study, out of 100 subjects, the majority of patients (33%) belonged to the age group of 66-70 years, and most of the study subjects (79%) were classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) II status, followed by ASA III status. The mean age of the study participants was 69.3 years. The mean duration of surgery was 45.6 minutes. A statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was observed when comparing the mean serum sodium levels before surgery (138.1±1.5 mmol/L) with those at the 1st hour postoperatively (135.9±1.6 mmol/L) and 6th hour postoperatively (134.4±1.4 mmol/L). The mean MMSE score before surgery and at the 1st hour and 6th hour postoperatively was the same (27.6±0.8), and there was no statistically significant difference between them. The MMSE score did not vary with the serum sodium levels, and this difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: In the present study, patients undergoing TURP procedures under spinal anaesthesia did not exhibit any POCD, despite a considerable drop in serum sodium levels. It is worth noting that all patients were asymptomatic.
Effect of Cyriax Manipulation on Individuals with Text Neck Syndrome: A Research Protocol for Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Sharma Sunita , Setia Kunal
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Text Neck Syndrome (TNS) is a modernday problem resulting from prolonged and excessive use of electronic devices such as Smartphones (SP), tablets, and laptops. This condition is characterised by the forward tilting of the head and neck, leading to strain on the cervical spine. Symptoms may include neck pain, stiffness, headaches, and shoulder discomfort. As technology continues to dominate our lives, understanding and addressing the implications of TNS is crucial for maintaining musculoskeletal health in the digital era. Need for the study: Although the Cyriax approach is widely used to treat musculoskeletal issues, there is no literature on its application to treat TNS. Aim: To evaluate the significance of Cyriax manipulation in individuals with TNS in terms of pain and disability. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental design will be applied. The study will be conducted in the Department of Musculoskeletal Outpatient Department (OPD), Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar Deemed to be University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India, from December 2021 to March 2023. Participants will be chosen from a group of 18-30-year-olds who have been using SP for a long duration for the present quasiexperimental study. Each subject’s complete demographic information, including name, age, gender, weight, and height, will be recorded. Normal distribution of the data will be verified by Shapiro-Wilk’s test. The level of significance or alpha level will be set at a p-value <0.05 to be considered statistically significant. Two treatment sessions will be provided per week. Neck Disability Index (NDI), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and Craniovertebral Angle (CVA) will be used to assess pain, disability, and forward head posture.
Opioid Dependence Syndrome and Quality of Life: A Facility-based Exploratory Study among Drug Addicts at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kolkata, India
Authors: Pal Manika , Goswami Dipendra Narayan , Dobe Madhumita
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Opioid dependence syndrome is considered a chronic-relapsing medical illness that can affect the Quality of Life (QoL) of Injecting Drug Users (IDUs). They are at risk of contracting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) due to unsafe injection practices. Opioid Substitution Therapy (OST) is an effective treatment option for opioid dependence as well as HIV prevention and intervention among IDUs, subsequently improving their QoL. Aim: To identify the opioids injected by addicts and evaluate QoL across different life areas among IDUs attending an OST centre. The authors also aimed to determine the factors affecting QoL regarding relationships with family and friends. Materials and Methods: A facility-based, observational crosssectional study was conducted on 168 IDUs at an OST centre in Calcutta National Medical College from April 2016 to March 2018. A predesigned and pretested structured schedule was used, which included socio-demographic characteristics, pattern of substance abuse, and HIV status. To evaluate QoL, the authors used a Likert scale with five domains specific to chronic diseases. Logistic regression was employed to determine associated factors with two QoL domains regarding relationships with family and friends. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 was used for data analysis. Results: The mean age {Standard Deviation (±SD)} of the study participants was 36.53±9.514 years. The most common opioids injected by IDUs were buprenorphine (89.2%). Although QoL scores varied across different domains, it can be interpreted that the majority of participants had poor QoL. When assessing QoL in terms of relationships with family and friends, there was a significant association between better QoL and financial support {Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) Confidence Intervals (CI)} 2.550 (1.431-6.082), favourable living arrangements AOR(CI) 2.450 (1.010-4.443), and absence of seropositivity AOR(CI) 2.462 (1.141-7.476). Conclusion: Buprenorphine was the most common substance of abuse among IDUs. The study revealed a high proportion of IDUs with poor QoL. The findings of the study might be helpful in designing appropriate strategies to improve personal relationships and social situations among IDUs.
Spectrum of Growth Hormone Disorders in Children: A Case Series of 5 Cases
Authors: . Anshuman , Kumar Amit , Kumar Rakesh , Ahmar Rizwan , Prakash Jayant
Published: October 2023

Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD) is one of the most important treatable endocrine causes of short stature. A problem anywhere in the Growth Hormone (GH) - Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) axis can lead to short stature. Childhood GH deficiency can be congenital, acquired, or idiopathic. Hereby, the authors present a case series consisting of five cases of short stature, aimed to provide an overview of the spectrum of GH-related disorders. All five patients presented to the Paediatric Endocrinology Outpatient Department of a tertiary care Institute with complaints of not gaining height. The patients in present case series had significant short stature (Z score for height <-3 SD (Standard Deviation) in each case). These patients were suspected of having GH deficiency based on clinical presentation and investigations. After a proper diagnostic work-up and GH stimulation tests, cases 1 to 4 were found to have GH deficiency. The 5th case was suspected of having Laron Syndrome based on high GH levels and low IGF-1. There were subtle differences in the spectrum of GH deficiency. The 1st case had Multiple Pituitary Hormone Deficiency (MPHD). Cases 2 to 4 had Isolated Growth Hormone Deficiency (IGHD). Case 2 had findings of pituitary stalk interruption on brain imaging. We found a genetic association in the 3rd case, while the 4th case had almost normal brain imaging. Cases 1 to 4 received GH therapy, and all showed appreciable height gain. These subtle differences can sometimes make the diagnosis difficult, and often a different approach to treatment is required.
Isolated Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis of Thyroid-Masquerading as a Thyroid Neoplasm - A Rare Case Report
Authors: Mohanty Shushruta , Panda Radharani , Mishra Aparajita , Tripathy Kalpalata
Published: October 2023

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare neoplastic disease of unknown etiology characterized by oligoclonal proliferation of langerhans cells with a varying incidence rate of 4-5.4 per 1 million individuals. LCH occurs in localised and multifocal forms. LCH lesions were first described in the year 1893, they are composed of large histiocytes with abundant cytoplasm intermixed with lymphocytes and eosinophils. Diabetes insipidus is the most common endocrinological abnormality of LCH. Other manifestations such as hypothalamic/pituitary axis disturbance and anterior pituitary deficiency can occur resulting in secondary or tertiary hypothyroidism. Cases of LCH with isolated thyroid involvement are very rare. We present a case of LCH, in a 42-year-old female who had a nodular thyroid swelling since one and a half year with euthyroid status. Total thyroidectomy specimen was received with a clinical diagnosis of thyroid neoplasm. Histopathology revealed langerhans histiocytes both mononucleated and multinucleated with prominent nuclear grooves, accompanied by good number of eosinophils and lymphocytes. Histopathology diagnosis of LCH was given supported by IHC S-100 and CD 1a positivity. Since, it’s a rare entity it needs to be distinguished from its closer mimics non Hodgkin’s lymphoma and Rosai Dorfman’s disease. Treatment of choice is surgical resection, but there is no evidence of improved outcome on usage of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for primary thyroid LCH post resection. So, more case reports and articles are recommended to acess treatment regimen for better outcome.
New Challenges for Radiology Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Claus V. T.  , Freitas B. O.  , Silva M. S.  , Souto F. D.  , Stekel L. M.
Published: October 2023

Aims: Analyze the new challenges faced by radiology professionals in managing suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients and understand their implications for the safety strategies of these professionals and patients.

Methodology: The method used was an integrative literature review, conducted by searching for publications in indexed journals in the databases PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, covering the years from 2015 to 2020.

Results: In the data analysis, the articles were classified into 20 units of analysis, with information presented as sub-themes related to the publications of the selected studies, with a focus on the synthesis of the results.

Conclusion: In conclusion, it is essential that not only all professionals involved in the process possess knowledge and preventive measures, but also that the entire radiology service is adequately prepared to receive patients, thereby ensuring greater stability in terms of environmental biosafety.
Problem of Investment Analysis Occasioned by the Uncertainty of Factor Elements in Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Odenigbo O. A.  , Nwanekezi S. C.  , Agbagha E. M.
Published: October 2023

Traditional investment analysis needs to more carefully explore irreversible's implications: timing choice, probabilistic method and uncertainty. The investment analysis procedures have their associated shortcomings in managing uncertainty factors. Property investment in Nigeria is related to several political, economic, environmental and social factors, leading to uncertainty. Property investment is an emerging market in Imo State; at the same time, contemporary, traditional, probabilistic appraisal systems are only adopted in investment studies. Further study of the Uncertainty factor is the need of the hour to overcome the problems in investment analysis. Hence, this review highlighted some important and pertinent issues in investment analysis covering uncertainty factors and recommends further empirical studies.
Moringa - The Miracle Tree: An Overview of its Nutritional and Medicinal Properties
Authors: Khan Asma Saghir , Ali Quratulain Zulfiqar
Published: October 2023

Moringa, scientifically known as (Moringa oleifera Lam.), is a multipurpose tree that has gained considerable attention due to its exceptional nutritional and medicinal properties. Native to the Indian subcontinent, Moringa is now cultivated in various tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. This article provides an overview of the nutritional composition and potential health benefits of Moringa, highlighting its role as a valuable resource for combating malnutrition and addressing various health conditions. The information presented here is based on a review of relevant research articles available on Google Scholar.
Evaluation of Maize Varieties at Seedling Stage under Drought Stress Based on Morpho-physiological and Biochemical Attributes
Authors: Hasan Md. Rabbi , Hossain A. K. M. Zakir , Kabir Muhammad Humayun , Islam Md. Mohimenul , Alim S. M. Abdul , Akondo Md. Robiul Islam
Published: October 2023

A hydroponic pot experiment was driven to investigate the improvement of drought tolerance in six maize varieties (e.g. Gold Star, BHM 14, Paloan, Bharti 981, BHM 9, Pioneer) based on morpho-physiological and biochemical characteristics. Six Maize varieties were used as test crops and the experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (RCBD) with three replications. Drought stress was imposed 14 days after sowing by using the PEG solution. The results revealed that BHM 14 possessed the longest root length (69.33 cm), higher shoot length (42.67 cm), longest total plant height (112.00 cm), highest fresh root weight (3.32 g), high leaf greenness found in BHM 14 measured by SPAD meter in both top and lower leaves, high amount of proline whereas, Paloan produced shortest total plant height (78.50 cm), lowest fresh root weight (1.52 g), lowest proline after 42 days of sowing under stress condition. The maximal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) appeared to measure photosynthesis whereas Pioneer was comparatively higher in stress conditions. The fresh weight of root and shoot was significantly least affected in stress conditions, whereas BHM 14 performed better in stress conditions. On the other hand, varieties had a significant difference in total dry matter of control condition and stress condition. Therefore, it is suggested that BHM 14 showed maximum drought tolerance in respect of growth and morpho-physiological changes under drought conditions.
Assessment of Temperature of Ramgarh District, Jharkhand, India: A Case Study of Coalfield’s Temperature
Authors: Kumar Vibhanshu , Aind Rohit , Topno Amit Raj , Amarendra Kumar , Kumar Vivek
Published: October 2023

Global interest in climate variability, especially annual temperature changes, necessitates an analysis of spatiotemporal meteorological dynamics, particularly in regions relying on rain-fed coal field agriculture areas. This study examines the impacts of temperature trends and climate change in Jharkhand's Ramgarh district, India. Six sub-divisions, such as Ramgarh, Gola, Chitarpur, Mandu, Patratu, and Dulmi, are under-examined, exploring long-term temperature changes from 1981 to 2022. Leveraging the Mann-Kendall test and Sen's slope Test, a 42-year data set analysis uncovers a decrease in average and maximum temperatures, contrasting an increasing minimum temperature trend. Applying Sen's slope for each temperature category Maximum, Minimum, and Average at Six sub-divisions of the Ramgarh district where Mandu has the highest increasing slope of 0.01 was observed in minimum temperature. However, Gola’s maximum and average temperature observed the highest decreasing slope among all stations. Similar patterns were found at other stations. Hence, our study suggests that additional attention should be given to the variability of temperature, and it is imperative to consider the increasing temperature trend to mitigate its effects on human well-being.
Assessment of Soil Fertility Status in Marori Block of Pilibhit District, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Verma Vinod Kumar , Bahuguna Ayush , Bharteey Prem Kumar , Singh G. R. , Luthra Nidhi , Pal Sudhir
Published: October 2023

This study aims to evaluate the agricultural productivity potential of soils in several villages in Marori block of Pilibhit district during 2022-23. 40 soil samples were collected using a random sampling technique, air-dried, and analyzed for physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the soil content varied significantly, with sand content ranging from 8.2-78.4% silt content from 9.2-67.3%, and clay content from 4.2-39.2%. Bulk density, particle density, porosity, pH levels, electrical conductivity, and organic carbon were also measured. The available nutrients varied, with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulphur ranging from 149.13-265.63 kg/ha, 13.59-49.72 kg/ha, 99.34-300.53 kg/ha, 3.3-6.9 cmol (P+)/kg, 1.53-4.20 and 11.29-19.23 kg/ha, respectively. The results showed that 99.5% of the soil samples had normal pH levels, and 0.5% was acidic. The majority of the soil samples had low organic carbon, with 72.5% having the highest available P. The majority of the soil samples were adequate in terms of exchangeable Ca and Mg content, and 60% had the greatest available sulphur. In a nutshell, the study highlights the importance of soil fertility in sustainable agricultural production.
Estimation of Direct and Indirect Effect of Yield Attributing Characters on Grain Yield in Kodo Millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.)
Authors: Thakur Jyoti , Kanwar R. R. , Shyam Kiran Kumar
Published: October 2023

The present study on “Estimation of direct and indirect effect of yield attributing characters on grain yield in kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.)” was carried out at Instructional cum Research Farm of S.G. College of Agriculture and Research Station Kumhrawand, Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh. In this study direct effect of productive tillers per plant on grain yield per plot was positive and high at genotypic and phenotypic level. Indicated true relationship of this trait and direct selection through this character will be effective.
Influence of Seed Priming and Growing Medium on Germination and Seedling Vigour of Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.)
Authors: Singh Suryapratap , Sharma Rajnee , Sharma T. R. , Singh Deepak , Tekam Yagini , Kumar Raushan
Published: October 2023

A field experiment was conducted in 2020–21 at the Fruit Research Station, Imaliya, Department of Horticulture, JNKVV, Jabalpur. The AFRBD (Asymmetrical Factorial Randomized Block Design) was set up with 20 distinct treatment combinations of soil media Soil + Sand, Soil + Vermicompost, Soil + Sand + Vermicompost, Soil +Vermicompost + Biofertisol, Soil + Vermicompost + Azatobactor + PSB + KSB and plant growth regulator i.e. GA3 0 ppm (control), GA3 100 ppm, GA3  200 ppm, GA3 300 ppm. The vigour and germination of seeds were significantly impacted by the type of media used and the usage of plant growth regulators. In regard to the growth parameter, better values for seedling height, number of leaves and stem girth at 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing were found with treatment GA3 200 ppm. Growth metrics, such as root length, fresh shoot weight, dry shoot weight and dry root weight at 120 days, revealed improved results with a higher vigour index when the combination of GA3 200 ppm + growing medium (soil+ vermicompost+ Biofertisol) were applied. The GA3 200 ppm with growing medium (Soil+ Vermicompost+ Biofertisol) were proven to be better in terms of the seed germination parameters. Minimum time was taken for seed germination and increased seed germination percentage had been recorded at 30 days after planting.
Halotolerant Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria as Growth Promoter for Mung Bean, Pea and Wheat Crops
Authors: Yadav Anurag , Chauhan Rahulkumar , Yadav Kusum
Published: October 2023

Sustainable agriculture necessitates innovative solutions that enhance crop yield while minimizing environmental impact. This study evaluates the efficacy of three halotolerant phosphate solubilizing bacterial (PSB) strains viz., Enterobacter bugandensis PH27, Psychrobacter faecalis PH28, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PH30 treatment across growth stages of pea GDF-1, wheat GW-451, and mung bean GM-4 varieties. Our analysis reveals that B. amyloliquefaciens PH30 threatment consistently outperformed other isolates, significantly enhancing seed germination rates and key growth metrics such as plant height, dry weight, and leaf area. Additionally, PH30 improved soil fertility by elevating levels of available phosphorus. The data suggest a multi-pronged mechanism of action for PH30 involving phytohormone production, nutrient chelation, and phosphate solubilization.
Genetic Variability Analysis, Correlation Coefficient and Path Coefficient Analysis of Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis L.) Varieties in Saurashtra Region of Gujarat, India
Authors: Zala K. R. , Makwana S. M. , Patel V. S. , Solanki K. S.
Published: October 2023

Identification of genotypes better suited for particular region and their improvement is of immediate task to exploit their full potential. The improvement can be brought out after confirming the association among the most important growth with quality attributes. Hence, varietal evaluation becomes necessary to find out suitable variety for a particular region. Experiment was conducted with 20 different decorative types of dahlia varieties at Jambuvadi Farm, College of Horticulture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh which falls under South Saurashtra Agro-climatic Zone during 2021-22. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for eleven characters in dahlia viz., plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of branches per plant, stem girth, days taken to first bud initiation, diameter of flower, stalk length, vase life, anthocyanin content, chlorophyll content and flower yield which indicated the existence of variability in the experimental material. The estimates of genotypic (σ2g) and phenotypic variances (σ2p) of each character were carried out.
Response of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus Strains on Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Soybean
Authors: Solanki Kavita , Choudhary S. K. , Aakash  , Singh Veer , Nath Hrishikesh , Anshuman Kumar
Published: October 2023

The current study aimed to investigate the Response of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus strains on growth attributes and uptake of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill.) at All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Integrated Farming System Research at College of Agriculture, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India during kharif, 2019 & 20.  The study  was carried out in randomized block design (RBD) with 8 treatments, viz. Control with 75% RDF (T1), Control with 100% RDF (T2), 75% RDF with Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus  strains as seed treatment (T3), 100% RDF with Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus  strains as seed treatment (T4), 75% RDF with Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus  strains as foliar application at 30 and 45 DAS (T5), 100% RDF with Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus  strains as foliar application at 30 and 45 DAS (T6), 75% RDF with Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus  strains as seed treatment + foliar application of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus  strains at 30 and 45 DAS (T7) and 100% RDF with Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus  strains as seed treatment + foliar application of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus  strains at 30 and 45 DAS (T8). Among all the treatments, growth parameters, NPK uptake by grain and straw and total uptake by crop were observed highest with 100% RDF with Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus as seed treatment + foliar application of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus at 30 and 45 DAS.
Does AMACR and Cyclin D1 Immunohistochemical Expression Vary on Comparing Mismatch Repair Proficient Versus Deficient Colorectal Carcinomas?
Authors: El-Guindy Dina M. , Hasby Eiman A. , Atef Aliaa , El-Sheikh Passant A. , Rehab Mennat-Allah A. , Khalifa Rana
Published: October 2023

Aim of Study: AMACR & Cyclin D1 expression in relation to different clinicopathological features was compared in MMR proficient versus deficient CRC subgroups.

Methodology: MLH1 & MSH2 immunostaining was used to sort studied carcinomas. AMACR, cyclin D1 & ki67 expression was evaluated in neoplastic & non-neoplastic lesions too.

Results: Of studied carcinomas, 40% were MMR proficient & 60% were MMR deficient. Low AMACR expression was detected in 50% & 66.7% of MMR proficient & deficient subgroups respectively. Cyclin D1 displayed high expression in 66.7% of MMR proficient & low expression in 53.3% of MMR deficient subgroups. AMACR is significantly related to gender, grade, extracellular mucin and dirty necrosis in MMR deficient while only to circumscription in MMR proficient subgroups. Cyclin D1 associated significantly with location, gross features, histologic type, pT, and pN in MMR proficient, and with location, histologic type, pT, pN, tumor stage, extracellular mucin, buds and dirty necrosis in MMR deficient subgroups. Correlations between AMACR and both cyclin D1 and Ki67 expression was significant in MMR deficient but were insignificant in MMR proficient subgroups. In both subgroups, the correlation between cyclin D1 and Ki67 expression was significant.

Conclusion: AMACR and cyclin D1 seem to have a role in CRC carcinogenesis & genomic status influences their expression.
Evaluating the Dynamics of Mycorrhizal Populations and Wilt Severity in Chili Cultivation Regions
Authors: Sarita  , Chugh Rakesh Kumar , Singh Narender , Yadav Pankaj
Published: October 2023

Chili peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) are a widely cultivated spice and vegetable globally, with their origins rooted in Mexico. The primary diseases impacting chili production encompass Anthracnose, Phytophthora, Leaf blight, Fusarium wilt, bacterial wilt, damping-off, and root rot, among others. In recent years, there has been a growing concern surrounding Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum. This study aimed to investigate the fluctuations in mycorrhizal populations and the severity of wilt in chili farming regions within the state during the 2017-18 growing season. In each district, ten fields were examined, with two to three fields representing each village. The most substantial mycorrhizal colonization rate and the number of sporocarps in the soil were identified in Mahendragarh, with a mycorrhizal colonization rate of 17.3% and 260 sporocarps per 200 g of soil. Fatehabad district followed with a mycorrhizal colonization rate of 13.1% and 182 sporocarps per 200g of soil. The lowest values were recorded in Hisar district, with a mycorrhizal colonization rate of 11.5% and 138 sporocarps per 200g of soil. Wilt severity was most pronounced in Fatehabad district at 7.9%, followed by Mahendragarh at 7.3%, and was least severe in Hisar at 5.2%.
Sustainable Soil Utilization and Agriculture Production: Recommendations towards Achieving Sustainability
Authors: Meena Banwari Lal , Thomas Tarence , Meena Bahadur Singh
Published: October 2023

In particular, the nutrient cycle, soil erosion, carbon sequestration, and many different ecological systems are all impacted by current agriculture tactics. Sustainable development's negative environmental and ecological effects can be reduced through organic farming. Utilizing more organic materials in cultivation practices might decrease environmental damage by preserving the natural cycles of the environment's vegetation during the restoration process. Organic farming can also raise food quality. Chemical fertilizers, pesticides, growth hormones, and feed additives for farm animals may also be substantially avoided in organic farming. To minimize the constraints and difficult circumstances of natural farming, a combination of organic farming and new technology is of utmost importance. Innovative techniques and cutting-edge ideas are bringing farming systems closer to sustainability while also improving rural productivity and the quality of life for many farmers in a way that is good for the environment. Not only does soil provide food and nutritional support, but it also has many environmental benefits to give. Although it takes centuries to form one millimeter of soil, soil is regarded as a non-renewable resource. The phrase "Soil health" is one of the most frequently used one in agriculture. Agriculture can only continue to be sustainable if the soil is healthy. Numerous issues have put "soil health" in danger, including declining soil fertility, a lack of natural carbon and biodiversity in the soil, salinization, acidification, pollution, and soil erosion and degradation. As stated by FAO, "Soil management is sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."
The Role of Cloud Service Brokers: Enhancing Security and Compliance in Multi-cloud Environments
Authors: Cinar Burak
Published: October 2023

The goal of this study is to put encryption key management strategies into practice while taking legal restrictions and the necessity for data accessibility into account. In order to reduce the danger of unauthorized access to cloud resources, this article explores the creation of Identity and Access Management (IAM) solutions that successfully apply role-based access control and abide by the least privilege principle. The advancement of digital business is both facilitated and disrupted by the usage of cloud technologies. Spending on cloud computing platforms and infrastructure is expected to rise significantly, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 30% predicted for the period between 2013 and 2018. In comparison, the corporate IT industry as a whole is anticipated to develop at a rate that is quite slow—5%. Additionally, an increasing number of businesses—precisely 85%—are seeing the benefits of using several cloud platforms to boost employee productivity, encourage collaboration, and spur corporate innovation.  Regulations and standards are quite complicated, with possibilities for repetition and occasionally discrepancies. Utilizing existing standard models, patterns, architectures, and best practices is one efficient way to manage the difficulties brought on by compliance complexity, uncertainties, and overlaps. Examining regulatory practices and looking for overlaps have been efforts.
Advances in the study of cholinergic circuits in the central nervous system
Authors: He Ganghua , Li Yang , Deng Hua , Zuo Hongyan
Published: October 2023

Objective

Further understanding of the function and regulatory mechanism of cholinergic neural circuits and related neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods

This review summarized the research progress of the central cholinergic nervous system, especially for the cholinergic circuit of the medial septal nucleus‐hippocampus, vertical branch of diagonal band‐hippocampus, basal nucleus of Meynert‐cerebral cortex cholinergic loop, amygdala, pedunculopontine nucleus, and striatum‐related cholinergic loops.

Results

The extensive and complex fiber projection of cholinergic neurons form the cholinergic neural circuits, which regulate several nuclei in the brain through neurotransmission and participate in learning and memory, attention, emotion, movement, etc. The loss of cholinergic neurotransmitters, the reduction, loss, and degeneration of cholinergic neurons or abnormal theta oscillations and cholinergic neural circuits can induce cognitive disorders such as AD, PD, PDD, and DLB.

Interpretation

The projection and function of cholinergic fibers in some nuclei and the precise regulatory mechanisms of cholinergic neural circuits in the brain remain unclear. Further investigation of cholinergic fiber projections in various brain regions and the underlying mechanisms of the neural circuits are expected to open up new avenues for the prevention and treatment of senile neurodegenerative diseases.
Toward the Development of a Shape Memory Polymer for Individualized Endovascular Therapy of Intracranial Aneurysms Using a 3D‐Printing/Leaching Method
Authors: Pineda-Castillo Sergio A. , Cabaniss Tanner L. , Aboukeila Hesham , Grady Brian P. , Lee Hyowon , Bohnstedt Bradley N. , Liu Yingtao , Lee Chung-Hao
Published: October 2023

Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms (ICA) aims to occlude the aneurysm space to prevent ICA growth/rupture. Modern endovascular techniques are still limited by relatively low complete occlusion rates, frequently leading to aneurysm growth, rupture, and reoperation. Herein, shape memory polymer (SMP)‐based embolic devices are proposed to advance the effectiveness of ICA therapy by facilitating individualized ICA occlusion. Specifically, a 3D‐printing/leaching method for the fabrication of 3D‐SMP devices that can be tailored to patient‐specific aneurysm geometries obtained from computed tomography angiography is developed. It is demonstrated that this method allows the fabrication of highly porous, compressible foams with unique shape memory properties and customizable microstructure. In addition, the SMP foams exhibit great shape recovery, anisotropic mechanical properties, and the capability to occlude in vitro models with individualized geometries. Collectively, this study indicates that the proposed method will have the potential to advance the translation of coil‐ and stent‐free embolic devices for individualized treatment of saccular ICAs, targeting complete and long‐term durable aneurysm occlusion.
VoroNoodles: Topological Interlocking with Helical Layered 2‐Honeycombs
Authors: Ebert Matthew , Akleman Ergun , Krishnamurthy Vinayak , Kulagin Roman , Estrin Yuri
Published: October 2023

An approach for modeling topologically interlocked building blocks that can be assembled in a water‐tight manner (space filling) to design a variety of spatial structures is introduced. This approach takes inspiration from recent methods utilizing Voronoi tessellation of spatial domains using symmetrically arranged Voronoi sites. Attention is focused on building blocks that result from helical stacking of planar 2‐honeycombs (i.e., tessellations of the plane with a single prototile) generated through a combination of wallpaper symmetries and Voronoi tessellation. This unique combination gives rise to structures that are both space‐filling (due to Voronoi tessellation) and interlocking (due to helical trajectories). Algorithms are developed to generate two different varieties of helical building blocks, namely, corrugated and smooth. These varieties result naturally from the method of discretization and shape generation and lead to distinct interlocking behavior. In order to study these varieties, finite‐element analyses (FEA) are conducted on different tiles parametrized by 1) the polygonal unit cell determined by the wallpaper symmetry and 2) the parameters of the helical line generating the Voronoi tessellation. Analyses reveal that the new design of the geometry of the building blocks enables strong variation of the engagement force between the blocks.
Synergetic Sn Incorporation‐Zn Substitution in Copper‐Based Sulfides Enabling Superior Na‐Ion Storage
Authors: Li Wenjing , Yu Caiyan , Huang Shaozhuan , Zhang Chu , Chen Bingbing , Wang Xuefeng , Yang Hui Ying , Yan Dong , Bai Ying
Published: October 2023

Transition‐metal sulfides have been regarded as perspective anode candidates for high‐energy Na‐ion batteries. Their application, however, is precluded severely by either low charge storage or huge volumetric change along with sluggish reaction kinetics. Herein, an effective synergetic Sn incorporation‐Zn substitution strategy is proposed based on copper‐based sulfides. First, Na‐ion storage capability of copper sulfide is significantly improved via incorporating an alloy‐based Sn element. However, this process is accompanied by sacrifice of structural stability due to the high Na‐ion uptake. Subsequently, to maintain the high Na‐ion storage capacity, and concurrently improve cycling and rate capabilities, a Zn substitution strategy (taking partial Sn sites) is carried out, which could significantly promote Na‐ion diffusion/reaction kinetics and relieve mechanical strain–stress within the crystal framework. The synergetic Sn incorporation and Zn substitution endow copper‐based sulfides with high specific capacity (≈560 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1), ultrastable cyclability (80 k cycles with ≈100% capacity retention), superior rate capability up to 200 A g−1, and ultrafast charging feature (≈4 s per charging with ≈190 mAh g−1 input). This work provides in‐depth insights for developing superior anode materials via synergetic multi‐cation incorporation/substitution, aiming at solving their intrinsic issues of either low specific capacity or poor cyclability.
Enantioselective Oral Absorption of Molecular Chiral Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Yuxin , Zhao Lin , Dai Yibo , Xu Miao , Zhou Ruilin , Zhou Bingxin , Gou Kaijun , Zeng Rui , Xu Lu , Li Heran
Published: October 2023

Inspired by the unique pharmacological effects of chiral drugs in the asymmetrical body environments, it is assumed that the chirality of nanocarriers is also a key factor to determine their oral adsorption efficiency, apart from their size, shape, etc. Herein, l/d‐tartaric acid modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (l/d‐CMSNs) are fabricated via a one‐pot cocondensation method, and focused on whether the oral adsorption of nanocarriers will be benefited from their chirality. It is found that l‐CMSN performed better in the sequential oral absorption processes, including mucus permeation, mucosa bio‐adhesion, cellular uptake, intestinal transport and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) retention, than those of the d‐chiral (d‐CMSN), racemic (dl‐CMSN), and achiral (MSN) counterparts. The multiple chiral recognition mechanisms are experimentally and theoretically demonstrated following simple differential adsorption on biointerfaces, wherein electrostatic interaction is the dominant energy. During the oral delivery task, l‐CMSN, which is proven to be stable, nonirritative, biocompatible, and biodegradable, is efficiently absorbed into the blood (1.72–2.05‐fold higher than other nanocarriers), and helps the loaded doxorubicin (DOX) to achieve better intestinal transport (2.32–27.03‐times higher than other samples), satisfactory bioavailability (449.73%) and stronger antitumor effect (up to 95.43%). These findings validated the dominant role of chirality in determining the biological fate of nanocarriers.