bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Pendidikan Inklusi pada Jenjang PAUD
Authors: Insiatun Insiatun , Karya Gardiana , Ediyanto Ediyanto , Sunandar Asep
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Inclusive education in early childhood begins by accommodating children's needs, identifying children with special needs, as well as mapping the potential developments and obstacles of children today and in the future. This study aims to analyze the extent to which the implementation of inclusive education in early childhood education institutions in one of the early childhood education institutions in the city of Bandung. First, researchers collect information about the implementation of inclusive education in early childhood education institutions, the obstacles and constraints experienced, program optimization, and follow-up to the problems encountered by PAUD in providing inclusive education. Then, researchers perform data analysis by enriching information, looking for relationships, comparing, finding patterns based on the original data.

Abstrak: Pendidikan inklusi pada anak usia dini dimulai dengan mengakomodasi kebutuhan anak, mengidentifikasi kebutuhan khusus anak, serta memetakan potensi perkembangan dan hambatan anak saat ini maupun di masa depan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sejauh mana implementasi pendidikan inklusi pada lembaga pendidikan anak usia dini di salah satu lembaga pendidikan anak usia dini di Kota Bandung. Peneliti menghimpun informasi mengenai implementasi pendidikan inklusi di lembaga pendidikan anak usia dini, hambatan dan kendala yang dialami, optimalisasi program, serta tindak lanjut dari permasalahan-permasalahan yang dialami PAUD dalam mengadakan pendidikan inklusif. Peneliti melakukan analisis data dengan memperkaya informasi, mencari hubungan, membandingkan, menemukan pola atas dasar data aslinya.
Keefektifan Model Pembelajaran Role Playing Terhadap Peningkatan Interaksi Sosial Siswa Kelas 4 SDN Bumiayu 2 Malang
Authors: Ferdiyansyah Aldy , Zahara Siti Latifa , Rahayu Wahyu Puji , Alfan Muhammad , Kusumaningrum Shirly Rizki
Published: January 2022

Abstract: This research was conducted with the aim of testing effectiveness using  the role playing learning model on increasing the social interaction of 4th graders at SDN Bumiayu 2 Malang. This study uses a pre-experimental design method with a quantitative approach. The results of the calculation of the paired sample test show a significance value of 0.000 which is less than 0.05. So that it can be interpreted that there is a significant difference between the results of the pretest and posttest, in other words the use of role playing models has an effect on increasing students' social interactions. The level of effectiveness of the use of the role playing model is included in the medium category based on the results of the N-Gain test with an average gain score of 0.6.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan menguji efektivitas penggunaan model pembelajaran role playing terhadap peningkatan interaksi sosial siswa kelas 4 SDN Bumiayu 2 Malang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu pre-experimental design dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil dari penghitungan uji paired sample test yang menunjukkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 yang bernilai kurang dari 0,05. Sehingga dapat diartikan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil dari pretest dan posttest, dengan kata lain penggunaan model role playing berpengaruh dalam peningkatan interaksi sosial siswa. Tingkat efektivitas dari penggunaan model role playing termasuk dalam kategori sedang berdasarkan hasil uji N-Gain dengan rata-rata gain score sebesar 0,6.
Pengembangan Video Siapa Aku (SIAKU) untuk Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Diri Pada Siswa SMA
Authors: Hesti Riska Kusuma , Atmoko Adi , Simon Irene Maya
Published: January 2022

Abstract: This research and development aims to develop a product Who I Am (SIAKU) to increase self-confidence in high school students. The SIAKU product contains 2 products in the form of videos totaling 3 videos and a guide book for counselors in providing classical guidance services to high school students. The research method used is research and development (R and D) method using the adapted Borg and Gall theory. This research and development procedure includes preliminary studies, product design and development as well as product testing on material expert tests, media expert tests, 2 prospective counselor users and 10 prospective students. Assessment of expert and prospective users to determine product acceptance uses a rating scale based on aspects of accuracy, usability, convenience and product attractiveness. Data analysis on the test results of experts and prospective counselor users uses the numerical average, while the test results of prospective users use an interpreter agreement. Overall test results show that the product Who I am getting a very high rating category and has met the acceptance of the product so that it can be implemented as a medium for counselors in providing classical guidance services to increase self-confidence.

Abstrak: Penelitian dan pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan produk Siapa Aku (SIAKU) untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri pada siswa SMA. Produk SIAKU berisikan 2 produk berupa video yang berjumlahkan 3 video dan buku panduan untuk konselor dalam memberikan layanan bimbingan klasikal kepada siswa SMA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan atau research and development (R and D) dengan menggunakan teori Borg dan Gall yang telah diadaptasi. Prosedur penelitian dan pengembangan ini meliputi studi pendahuluan,rancangan dan pengembangan produk serta uji produk terhadap uji ahli materi, uji ahli media, 2 calon pengguna konselor dan 10 calon pengguna siswa. Penilaian uji ahli dan calon pengguna untuk mengetahui keberterimaan produk menggunakan skala penilaian yang berdasarkan pada aspek ketepatan, kegunaan, kemudahan dan kemenarikan produk. Analisis data pada hasil uji ahli dan calon pengguna konselor menggunakan numerik rerata, sedangkan hasil uji calon pengguna menggunakan inter rater agreement. Keseluruhan hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa produk Siapa Aku mendapatkan kategori penilaian sangat tinggi dan telah memenuhi keberterimaan produk sehingga dapat diimplementasikan sebagai media bagi konselor dalam memberikan layanan bimbingan klasikal untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri.
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Guru di Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri
Authors: Kusvitaningrum Alma Bethris , Sobri Ahmad Yusuf , Sunarni Sunarni
Published: January 2022

Abstract: This research is motivated by the decline in the quality of education in public high schools throughout Jombang Regency which is caused by a lack of innovation from education providers in learning activities. The purpose of this study was to describe the principal's leadership style, teacher work motivation, teacher performance, the influence of the principal's leadership style on teacher performance, the influence of work motivation on teacher performance, and the influence of the principal's leadership style and work motivation on teacher performance. This study uses a quantitative and descriptive approach with multiple regression analysis techniques. The study population was 453 teachers at 10 public high schools in Jombang Regency with a research sample of 210 teachers. Sampling using proportional random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques, multiple regression analysis, effective contribution, and relative contribution. The results showed that the principal's leadership according to the teacher's perception was in the medium category, work motivation and teacher performance were in the high category, there is a significant simultaneous effect between the principal's leadership style and work motivation on the performance of teachers in public high schools throughout Jombang Regency.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh turunnya mutu pendidikan SMA Negeri se-Kabupaten Jombang yang disebabkan karena kurangnya inovasi dari penyelenggara pendidikan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mendeskripsikan gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, motivasi kerja guru, kinerja guru, pengaruh antara gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru, pengaruh antara motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru, serta pengaruh antara gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan bersifat deskriptif dengan teknik analisis regresi ganda. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 453 guru pada 10 SMA Negeri di Kabupaten Jombang dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 210 guru. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik proportional random sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif, analisis regresi ganda, sumbangan efektif, dan sumbangan relatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah menurut persepsi guru dalam kategori sedang, motivasi kerja dan kinerja guru dalam kategori tinggi, tidak terdapat pengaruh secara parsial yang signifikan antara gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru, terdapat pengaruh secara parsial yang signifikan antara motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru, terdapat pengaruh secara simultan yang signifikan antara gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru di SMA Negeri se-Kabupaten Jombang.
Pembelajaran dan Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Dasar bagi Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Kusuma Fuad Indra , Firdaus Mokhamad Ilham , Afifah Nurul
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Over time, technology has had a major impact on the education and learning process. Technology can support all needs in the education and learning process. Therefore, it is necessary to provide basic knowledge of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to teach the importance of strong foundations to instill understanding in the younger generation. ICT learning is one of the work programs of the Real Work Lecture (KKN) at the State University of Malang in the Donomulyo Village group, which was held on Thursday, December 9, 2021, at SDN 3 Donomulyo at the 3rd grade level. ICT learning was carried out with 3 methods, namely conventional methods, question and answer method and demonstration method. As a result, the students were enthusiastic in accepting this ICT learning. It is also hoped that the local government will contribute to assisting in the needs of this ICT learning.

Abstrak: Seiring berjalannya waktu, teknologi telah memberikan dampak yang besar terhadap proses Pendidikan dan pembelajaran. Teknologi dapat mendukung segala kebutuhan dalam proses pendidikan dan pembelajaran. Oleh sebab itu, perlu diberikan ilmu dasar Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) untuk mengajarkan pentingnya dasar-dasar yang kuat untuk menanamkan pemahaman kepada generasi muda. Pembelajaran TIK menjadi salah satu program kerja dari kegiatan Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Membangun Desa Universitas Negeri Malang kelompok Desa Donomulyo yang dilaksanakan pada Kamis, 9 Desember 2021 di SDN 3 Donomulyo pada tingkat kelas 3. Pembelajaran TIK dilakukan dengan 3 metode, yaitu metode konvensional, metode tanya jawab dan metode demonstrasi. Hasilnya para siswa siswi antusias dalam menerima pembelajaran TIK ini. Diharapkan juga pemerintah setempat turut andil membantu dalam membantu dalam kebutuhan pembelajaran TIK ini.
Perbaikan Musala dan Mengajar Ngaji untuk Meningkatkan Kenyamanan Ibadah dan Mengaji
Authors: Kusuma Fuad Indra , Abdulloh Moh. Edo , Maulana Fani
Published: January 2022

Abstract: It is common that a mosque or prayer room is very important for Muslims, where the mosque or prayer room is used as a place of worship for Muslims such as praying, reading the Koran and others. The construction of a mosque or prayer room is a gift from Allah, because the mosque is the house of Allah on earth. The mosque is the most noble, most sacred house that Allah has placed on earth. Therefore, we as Muslims should clean, care for, and renovate if there is something that needs to be repaired. The 2021 UM KKN group in Donomulyo village took the initiative to renovate the prayer room in Mulyosari hamlet, Donomulyo village, Donomulyo District, Malang Regency. With this renovation activity, it is hoped that it will become a medium for KKN friends in Donomulyo village and the surrounding community as well as to gather or take care of the prayer room that is there, because there are several things that need to be repaired in the prayer room, moreover, the location targeted by the community service friends it's far from the crowds or the city. From there, the Donomulyo Village Community Service Group in 2021 took the initiative to renovate the prayer room and also help teach the cabai rawit brothers who were there.

Abstrak: Sudah menjadi hal umum bahwa sebuah masjid atau musala menjadi hal yang sangat penting bagi umat islam, yang mana masjid atau musala digunakan sebagai tempat ibadah umat islam seperti melaksanakan sholat, mengaji dan lain-lain. Dibangunnya sebuah masjid atau musala itu merupakan salah satu anugerah dari allah, karena masjid merupakan rumah allah di muka bumi. Masjid adalah rumah yang paling mulia, yang paling suci yang allah letakkan di muka bumi. Oleh sebab itu seyogyanya kita sebagai umat islam untuk membersihkan, merawat, serta merenovasi apabila ada yang perlu diperbaiki. Kelompok KKN UM 2021 di desa Donomulyo berinisiatif renovasi musala yang ada di dusun Mulyosari, desa Donomulyo, Kecamatan Donomulyo, Kabupaten Malang. Dengan adanya kegiatan renovasi ini diharapkan bisa menjadi media bagi temen-temen KKN desa Donomulyo dengan masyarakat sekitar sekaligus untuk merawat atau merawat musala yang ada disana, karena ada beberapa hal yang perlu diperbaiki pada musala tersebut, terlebih, lokasi yang dituju oleh temen-temen KKN ini jauh dari keramaian atau kota. Dari situlah kelompok KKN desa Donomulyo tahun 2021 berinisiatif untuk renovasi musala serta juga ikut membantu mengajar adik-adik caberawit yang ada disana.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Sabun dan Lilin Dari Limbah Minyak Jelantah
Authors: Khairunnisa Khairunnisa , Mahasin Salsabila Zara
Published: January 2022

Limbah rumah tangga merupakan limbah yang dihasilkan dalam rumah tangga dari proses keberlangsungan kehidupan sehari-hari. Mengingat banyaknya rutinitas rumah tangga yang berdampak pada munculnya limbah, membuat lingkungan sekitar juga turut memperoleh dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan dari limbah tersebut. Dampak tersebut dapat berupa pencemaran lingkungan, penurunan tingkat kebersihan air dan secara tidak langsung dapat berdampak pada tingkat kesehatan masyarakat sekitar. Mengingat pentingnya menjaga kondisi lingkungan, komunitas PKK (Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga) beserta mahasiswa MBKM Universitas Negeri Malang menyelenggarakan pelatihan pembuatan sabun dan lilin dengan memanfaatkan limbah rumah tangga yaitu berupa minyak jelantah. Pelatihan ini dihadiri oleh anggota komunitas PKK (Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga) serta perwakilan dari 17 dusun yang ada di desa Donomulyo. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat diterapkan oleh seluruh rumah tangga yang ada di desa Donomulyo sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi tingkat produksi limbah rumah tangga, pemanfaatan limbah menjadi benda pakai dalam kebutuhan sehari-hari serta dapat menjadi keahlian dengan daya jual yang dapat dipergunakan oleh masyarakat.
Causes, Contingency and Freedom: A Reply to Anscombe, Mumford and Anjum
Authors: Bauwens Michaël
Published: February 2022

This paper takes Anscombe, Mumford and Anjum as key interlocutors for an exploration of the causality involved in our understanding of free will. Anscombe tried to disentangle causality from necessary determination in order to make room for free will, and a first section points to the historical and theological background of this entanglement. However, what is also crucially at stake is the relation between time and causality whereby this paper advocates a shift from a diachronic to a synchronic conception. This synchronic conception of the contingency of free will is then argued to be superior to Mumford and Anjum’s dispositional modality in providing the libertarian desiderata of alternative possibilities and ultimate authorship, and gives us a picture of a permanent causal tug-of-war in the present. The final section then points out that this puts persons and their contingent decisions partly in the role of being an explanans for, rather than an explanandum of, any current contingent state of affairs.
OTOMOBİL TALEBİNE ETKİ EDEN FAKTÖRLER: ÖĞRETMENLER ÜZERİNE RİZE’DE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: DİLEK Önder
Published: January 2022

Otomotiv sektörü, cam, elektrik-elektronik, demir-çelik, boya, dokuma gibi birçok sektörle yakından ilişkilidir. Gerek bu sektörlerde gerekse pazarlama, servis, akaryakıt, finans ve sigorta gibi sektörlerde geniş iş olanakları oluşturmaktadır. Diğer taraftan tüm bunlar piyasanın talep yönü ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. Talep yönünün analizi sektörde yer alan aktörlerin öngörüleri için önemli veriler sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışma, Rize’de çalışan öğretmenlerin otomobil talebinde demografik faktörlerin etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Online olarak uygulanan 400 anketten elde edilen verilerle logit model tahmini gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tahmin sonuçlarına göre; yaş (41-51), görev yapılan okul türü (ilköğretim), meslekte geçen süre (1-10 yıl) ve ikamet edilen konutun niteliği (kira) ile otomobil sahipliği arasında negatif yönlü bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca eşin çalışma durumu, ailedeki birey sayısı ve ailede 18 yaş altı bireylerin yaşaması ile otomobil sahipliği arasında pozitif yönde bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
CAUSALITY AND COINTEGRATION IN CRYPTOCURRENCY MARKETS
Authors: GÜL Yavuz
Published: January 2022

This paper investigates the causality and cointegration relationships between seven major cryptocurrencies, namely Bitcoin (BTC), Binance Coin (BNB), Cardano (ADA), Dogecoin (DOGE), Ethereum (ETH), Polkadot (DOT) and Ripple (XRP), using Johansen Cointegration and Granger Causality tests over the period from August 21, 2020 to April 19, 2021. Results indicate that there exists cointegration among cryptocurrencies in the long run. Findings also show that there is a bi-directional causal relationship between BNB and ETH. Additionally, BNB appears to be Granger cause of ADA, DOGE and DOT. On the other hand, analyses provide evidence of one-way causality running from XRP to both DOGE and DOT. These results might have some important implications for investors in terms of portfolio management.
Role of ultrasonography in the evaluation of cause of shoulder pain
Authors: Modak Aditi , Rahman Sonia , Mohiuddin Abu S.
Published: January 2022

Background: Painful shoulder is one of the more common patient problems. Most of the time patients, complaining of chronic or even acute pain at shoulder area, are found normal with x-ray. Aim of this study was to evaluation of cause of shoulder pain using ultrasonography of shoulder joint.Methods: This cross sectional observational study was carried out in the department of Radiology and Imaging, BIRDEM for the period of 1st June 2008 to 30th May 2009. Total 37 patients were included in the study. Accidental case, referred shoulder pain and shoulder pain due to systemic causes were excluded. Every patient underwent physical examination, x-ray and ultrasonography for further evaluation. Ethical approval was taken from institutional review board. Statistical analysis was done for validation of x-ray and USG in the diagnosis of shoulder pain.Results: The mean±SD age was 46.14±10.85 years and all patients were within 28 to 70 years age range. Sensitivity of USG to diagnose different type of shoulder pathology was 93.3%, specificity 54.5%, positive predictive value 58.3%, negative predictive value 92.3% and accuracy 70.3 whereas Sensitivity of x-ray to diagnose different type of shoulder pathology was 13.3%, specificity 90.9%, positive predictive value 50.0%, negative predictive value 60.6% and accuracy 59.5%.Conclusions: USG is a sensitive and accurate imaging modality for evaluating the cause of shoulder pain.
Incidence and predictors of groin complication after cerebral neurointervention procedure: single centre study
Authors: Usman Fritz Sumantri , Kastilong Merlin Prisilia , Kurniawan Beny , Soleh Mohammad , Keneddy Erman , Alaztha Haekal , Octavinawaty Lenny
Published: January 2022

Background: Cerebrovascular disease is characterized by an acute compromise of the cerebral perfusion or vascular which caused morbidity and mortality around the world. The most accurate imaging technique for the evaluation of cerebrovascular system is digital subtraction angiography (DSA), but it can cause many complications, one of the most is groin complication. Our objective was to determine incidence and predictors of groin complication after cerebral neurointervention procedure.Methods: An observational prospective study was conducted in PELNI hospital, from January until June 2021, with a total sample of 246 patients. We observed hematoma that occurred within 24 h after procedure. Data was analysed using SPSS ver 24. Results: There were 246 patients who underwent DSA procedures. The average age of patients was 54.3±11.9 years and the majority were male (59.5%). The incidence of groin complication was 37.4%. The predictors of groin complication evaluated with bivariate analysis were age (p=0.167), gender (p=0.827), frequency of puncture (p=0.178), catheter size (p=0.200), duration of compression (p=0.477), comorbidities (hypertension; p=0.839, diabetes; p=0.178, heart disease; p=0.373), and history of anticoagulant (p=0.022). Multivariate analysis showed that history of anticoagulant (p=0.023, OR=2.118 (95% CI 1.107-4.049) to be the most significant factors contributing to groin complication after the intervention.Conclusions: Groin complications appeared to be the most complications after cerebral neurointervention procedure with incidence rate 37.4% and associated mostly with the history of anticoagulant.
Adherence of surgeons to the World Health Organization recommendations of hand scrubbing in a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar
Authors: Riaz Misbah , Khan Wasim , Hussain Fazal , Shah Danish
Published: January 2022

Background: In an effort to combat the global rise of wound infection, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended hand scrubbing guidelines for surgeons. Our study aimed to determine the adherence of surgeons in Peshawar to these recommendations.Methods: The method and duration of scrubbing for the first surgical procedure of the day was anonymously observed for 182 surgical consultants and residents in the operating theatre of Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar from July to August 2019 followed by a questionnaire which assessed the knowledge of the participants regarding scrubbing protocols. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Students t test was used and p>0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results: Out of 182 participants, 41 (22.5%) were consultants and 141 (77.5%) were residents. A total of 3 (1.6%) participants were observed to strictly adhere to the WHO standards of scrubbing. Average time taken by each surgeon was 0.95±0.6 seconds. Students t-test showed no significant difference between the mean time of consultants and residents (p>0.05). The results of the questionnaire revealed that 90.7% of the staff was aware of the WHO recommendations of scrubbing and 82.6% had noticed relevant display charts in the OT. Majority of participants (69.8%) reported that patient load and limited time were the main cause of lack of compliance.Conclusions: A serious lack of compliance to protocol was noted in the operating theatre of Khyber Teaching hospital. There is a dire need to improve scrubbing practices.
Postmastectomy chest wall radiation of left-sided carcinoma breast - a dosimetric comparison between electrons and photons
Authors: Konakalla V. L. Anusha , Darisi Naga C. S. , Chandrasekharan Kesavan , Naidu D. S. Raju
Published: January 2022

Background: For carcinoma breast patients requiring post mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT), tangential photon beam (PB) is commonly used technique. The physical nature of electrons results in sharp dose fall off and reduces organs at risk (OAR) doses. Aim of the present study is to compare the coverage of chest wall and doses received by OARs – heart and lung between electron and photon beam plans in left sided breast cancer patients requiring PMRT.Methods: This study was done in 22 left sided carcinoma breast patients treated at GSL Medical College between May to December 2017. Both tangential PB plans and electron beam (EB) plans were generated on simulation computed tomography (CT) for each patient and both plans were compared. A dose of 50 Gy was prescribed to planning target volume (PTV) in 25 fractions.Results: The PB plans provided superior homogeneity index (HI) and conformity index CI compared to the EB plans (p<0.05). There was significant difference in favour of electron-beam plans for mean heart dose (p=0.0312), V25 Gy (p=0.029), V45 Gy (p=0.001) and V20 Gy of left lung (p=0.042). There was no significant difference in mean lung dose.Conclusions: Dosimetric data from this study suggests that PMRT with the electron beam can reduce doses to the heart and left lung with acceptable target coverage. It needs further research in the clinical setting.
Containment of a cluster of COVID-19 to prevent impending community transmission: experience from a rural area in South India
Authors: Nallat Divyamol , C. Sreedevi
Published: January 2022

Background: On 23 July 2020, COVID-19 contact tracing cell was informed of a laboratory confirmed case of COVID-19 with substantial number of contacts. The current scenario under investigation is an example for a large outbreaks amenable to containment. If not contained immediately and effectively it may pass on to large community transmission.Methods: Epidemiological investigation and contact tracing was carried out to identify the source and contacts of a confirmed case of COVID-19 reported on 22 July 2020. A semi-structured questionnaire prepared by COVID-19 contact tracing cell, Government Medical College (GMC), Palakkad was used to collect data on clinical characteristics, likely source of exposure and contacts made by the index case. High risk and low risk contacts were contacted over telephone to ensure quarantine, testing on 8th day (both for high risk contacts) and symptom monitoring.Results: Total of 55 high risk contacts were identified, 15 of which were of high risk exposure. All 15 high risk contacts were kept in quarantine with testing on day 8 after last exposure. 7 new cases occurred among 15 the high risk contacts of which one turned out to be suspected primary, 5 secondary cases of index case and one secondary case of the suspected primary case. All secondary and low risk contacts were kept under symptom surveillance, and did not develop COVID-19.Conclusions: Timely case notification coupled with complete and effective contact tracing and quarantining has contained the cluster and prevented it from emerging as large community transmission.
Relationship between serum vitamin B12 level, sociodemographic variables, and medical comorbidity in psychiatric in-patients
Authors: Halim Abdul , . Amandeep , Sharma Manu , Jeenger Jitendra , Singroha Vikas , Singroha Vikas
Published: January 2022

Background: To compare serum vitamin B12 levels in psychiatric in-patients and their caregivers and, to study the relationship between psychiatric diagnosis and vitamin B12 levels in psychiatric in-patients.Methods: Adult psychiatric in-patients (n=103) and their adult caregiver (n=103) were enrolled in the present cross-sectional study. All participants underwent estimation of serum vitamin B12, complete blood counts, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), serum folate, and serum ferritin.Results: Vitamin B12 deficiency was found more frequently (60.2%) in psychiatric patients compared to their caregiver (3.9%) (p=0.000). Psychiatric in-patients were significantly younger in age, with a lower level of serum vitamin B12 and folate, fewer numbers of polymorphs, and more numbers of lymphocytes in their peripheral compared to their caregivers. There was no statistically significant difference in socio-demographic variables such as food habit, gender, residence (rural/urban), and occupation between those patients who were deficient and those who were non-deficient in vitamin B12. There was no statistically significant difference between the psychiatric diagnoses and comorbidities in patients with and without vitamin B12 deficiency.  Patients with vitamin B12 deficiency were also not different in terms of their psychiatric diagnosis and associated comorbidities when compared with the patient without vitamin B12 deficiency.Conclusions: Around 60% of psychiatric inpatients have low serum vitamin B12 levels. Lifestyle-related factors and chronic medical illness likely contribute to vitamin B12 deficiency in psychiatric in-patients. Adult psychiatric patients with other medical comorbidities should be screened for vitamin B12 deficiency.
Study of salivary α-amylase immunoglobulin, a and flow rate in diabetic subjects: a cross sectional study
Authors: Patel Dinesh C. , Thakkar Jiger M.
Published: January 2022

Background: Diabetes is possibly the mainly common metabolic syndrome with salivary inference. However, lack of literature on the possible relationship between diabetes and salivary α-amylase, Immunoglobulin-A (IgA) and flow rate. Therefore, present study aims to estimate of salivary α-amylase, immunoglobulin-A and flow rate in diabetic subjects of Indian population.Methods: The present cross sectional study was done on 60 subjects of diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 60 subjects’ non-diabetic healthy controls at Banas medical college and our hospital. The subject’s demographic and anthropometric parameters were recorded; detailed history and clinical examination were performed in the entire cases. The un-stimulated saliva was collected in the fasting state. Salivary flow rate, biochemical variables and IgA were analyzed. Data which was collected was statistically analyzed.Results: The results showed that salivary glucose (p<0.001) and urea levels (p<0.001) were significantly higher in diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic subjects. It was also found that the diabetic patients had significant reduction in salivary flow rate (p<0.01), α- amylase (p<0.001) and total protein levels (p<0.05) when compared with non-diabetic individuals. In contrast, there was no significant difference was observe in levels of IgA (p>0.05) between diabetic and non-diabetic subjects.Conclusions: In our study, we conclude that significant differences were reported in salivary flow rate, α-amylase and IgA between diabetics and non diabetics. Therefore, we suggested that estimation of salivary parameters might be a cost effective and a non invasive choice for screening, diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes instead of blood.
Clinico-epidemiological profile and socio-demographic characteristics of COVID-19 patients admitted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Tamil Nadu: a descriptive longitudinal study
Authors: Palanichamy Thiyagarajan
Published: January 2022

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO), on 11th March 2020 declared severe acute respiratory syndrome by SARS-CoV-2 virus as pandemic disease and renamed it as COVID-19. The case fatality rate ranges from 1.4 to 2%. Amidst several measures to contain the spread and mortalities it is been increasing from the date of its declaration as Public Health Emergency of Global Importance (PHEGI). Our study was aimed to describe the clinical, epidemiological features and socio-demographic characteristics and their associations among the COVID-19 patients admitted in our corona care centres.Methods: A descriptive longitudinal study was done on the laboratory confirmed COVID-19 patients treated in our tertiary care hospital’s corona care centres. Socio-demographic characteristics, co-morbidities, exposure history, PPE use were asked. Symptoms, signs, lab findings, treatments and outcomes were followed-up until discharge or death. The frequencies and statistical associations of variables were analysed using computer software.Results: Out of 145 majority were 21-40 years of age (49.7%) with mean of 40±15.3 years. Majority urban dwellers (76.6%). Smokers and Alcoholics were few (6.9% and 12.4%). 21.4% had health insurance. Mean IP was -7±3.6days. Travel history within 14 days of IP 4.1%. Fever was dominant (82.6%). Prevalence of co-morbidities 50%. Mean duration of hospital stay was 9±3 days. Average gap between diagnosis to negative RT-PCR was 12days. Majority had category 2 treatments (65.5%). Three inpatients died (2.1%). Sex, symptom to RT-PCR test gap, Altered WBC and coagulation profile were showing statistical association with severity.Conclusions: COVID-19 pandemic currently shows low case fatality rate. Clear transmission dynamics and host factors needed for better prevention and control.
Seroprevalence of hepatitis C in haemodialysis patients in tertiary care hospital in Punjab
Authors: Kaur Jaspal , Oberoi Loveena , Singh Kanwardeep , Chander Rakesh
Published: January 2022

Background: Hepatitis C is an emerging infectious disease all over the world especially in the developing countries. HCV is a blood borne virus, well known risk factors include blood transfusion, injection drug abuse, chronic haemodialysis patients. HCV is a single stranded positive sense RNA virus, belongs to family flaviviridae and genus Hepacivirus. Haemodialysis patients are the high risk group due to prolonged vascular access and contaminated equipments.Methods: The present study was retrospective conducted from June 2019 to 31 July 2020 in the Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Amritsar. Clinical, demographic and geographical data of the renal disease patients admitted to the hospital for haemodialysis was recorded and analysed. The patients were tested for HCV by Third Generation ELISA.Results: In the present study, out of enrolled 186 patients, 12 were HCV positive (0.06%). Prevalence of Hepatitis C infection in haemodialysis patients is   associated with gender distribution more in females (72%) than males (62%), preponderance of HCV infection was observed in age group 41-60 years (69%) followed by 21-40 years (23%),more rural (85%) distribution. Diabetes (19%), hypertension (25%) and chronic kidney disease (63%) were the associated comorbid conditions.Conclusions: The overall HCV sero prevalence was observed to be 0.06%, this low prevalence can be attributed to the fact that increased awareness regarding the disinfection of dialysis machines by improving the surveillance system of HCV and better education of nurses in dialysis units. HD patients should be routinely screened for HCV infection.
Study of seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-COV-2 among the healthy blood donors of Jammu region
Authors: Dutt Neeti , Sharma Sushil , Sidhu Meena
Published: January 2022

Background: SARS‑CoV‑2 emerged in China and spread throughout the world due to its rapid transmission. The exposure rate in the healthy population is unknown, mainly in resource‑limited countries. Herein, we estimated the seroprevalence of anti‑SARS‑CoV‑2 antibodies and risk factors among blood donors at our blood bank and to describe some characteristics of those that test positive. The objective of the study was to measure the levels of IgG antibodies targeting the SARS-CoV2 during the peak period of the COVID-19 pandemic in Jammu State, India to know the magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 exposure, the prevalence of herd immunity in the population.Methods: This is prospective observational study of COVID-19 seroprevalence among blood donors that complied with blood donation protocol. Participation in study was voluntary after taking proper consent on the consent form.Results: A total of 750 random blood donors who voluntarily participated, were enrolled in this study after obtaining their proper consent on the consent form. Out of 750 donors, 287 (38.2%) were positive for IgG antibodies and 463 (61.7%) were negative for IgG antibodies. In our study, male donors (745) outnumbered the female donors but on the other hand female donors showed a higher prevalence of covid antibodies i.e., 60% as compared to male donors i.e., 38% which is a statistically significant difference (p<0.005).Conclusions: A high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was detected among blood donors which indicated a high level of exposure to the virus within the population and development of innate immunity against the virus. This could help us to introduce a protocol of antibody testing in the screening of blood donors to enhance the number of plasma donation cases for the treatment of serious COVID patients.
Topical therapy with clobetasol propionate 0.025% for various dermatological conditions
Authors: Raj Vishwanath Prem , Tayade Nitin Pandit , Kiswe Chandrashekhar V. , Shah Nimesh Surendrakumar , Sengar Suneel Singh , Pavan Indira , Gamit Sanjay Ramanbhai , Bansal Mohit , Kumar Sachin , Yadav Ankit
Published: January 2022

Topical corticosteroids (TC) are the most commonly prescribed medications for the treatment of several dermatoses. Owing to their potent effect of relieving symptoms, these drugs are indicated for the use of inflammatory and pruritic presentations of dermatologic conditions. Clobetasol propionate (CP) is the most common TC used to treat itching, redness, and swelling caused by some skin conditions. It possesses anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, and vasoconstrictive properties. To exert its effect, CP binds to cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors and subsequently activates glucocorticoid receptor-mediated gene expression, thus resulting in the synthesis of certain anti-inflammatory proteins, while inhibiting the synthesis of certain inflammatory mediators. This case series discusses the efficacy, safety, and clinical experience of using CP 0.025% cream for the treatment of different dermatologic conditions.
Recurrent pneumonia in malnourished children
Authors: Dewi Putu Ria A. , Biantara I Gede Yogi Priyatna , Windiyanto Romy
Published: January 2022

Recurrent pneumonia was defined as two episodes of pneumonia per year or three episodes of pneumonia at any time of life. The causes of recurrent pneumonia are multifactorial. Additional diagnostic should be considered because most cases are associated with an underlying illness. We reported a case recurrent pneumonia of a 3 months old malnourished male patient. Chest radiograph show infiltrate in both lung with history hospitalized for pneumonia one month before admission. Recurrent pneumonia occurs in 7.7-9% of children with community-acquired pneumonia. Several related conditions such as malnutrition, anatomic defect, immunodeficiency and other underlying illness can cause recurrent pneumonia.
Ileal perforation caused by cytomegalovirus in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: Guzman Gloria M. , Olvera Cinthia , Sevilla Jose G. , Lopez Carlos , Huerta Karen
Published: January 2022

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a subclinical infection that causes catastrophic consequences for patients, specifically those who are immunocompromised. In this article we review a 71-year-old male patient with history of ischemic cardiopathy, he begins with abdominal pain localized in right inferior quadrant. The abdominopelvic CT scan reported an acute complicated appendicitis with pneumoperitoneum. We realized a laparotomy, identifying an ileal perforation. CMV diagnosis was made by histological findings.
Pyrazinamide-induced acute gouty arthritis: a case report
Authors: Emorinken Airenakho , Ugheoke Asuwemhe J.
Published: January 2022

Gout is a common inflammatory and metabolic disease caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in articular and non-articular tissues. Drugs used to treat tuberculosis, such as pyrazinamide and ethambutol, have been linked to hyperuricaemia. However, acute gout is uncommon. We report a case of a 28-year-old female who developed acute gouty arthritis of the left knee joint as a result of taking pyrazinamide as part of a tuberculosis therapy regimen. Although pyrazinamide-induced hyperuricemia is frequently regarded as asymptomatic, the clinician should be aware of the likelihood of acute gouty arthritis, which can result in significant morbidity and an impaired quality of life.
Acute myeloid leukemia, secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome, debuting as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: case report
Authors: Huerta Velázquez Jose Miguel
Published: January 2022

We present a case of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) that progressed to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with changes related to myelodysplasia that presented as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). After a failure in response to plasmapheresis therapy and a poor long-term prognosis, the family opted for palliative care, the patient dying on the eleventh day of hospitalization. The case is an extremely rare presentation of a rare condition, as it is the second reported case of AML with myelodysplasia-related changes presenting as TTP, and the first reported case of TTP secondary to AML secondary to MDS.
Familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria with nephrocalcinosis: a rare case report
Authors: Roy Amaresh , Laha Sumanta , Saren Susama
Published: January 2022

A 4 years old girl child was presented with generalised body ache with carpopedal spasm and episodes of fever since last 5-6 days with intermittent abdominal pain since last 3 months and progressive deformity of both upper and lower limbs over months and poor growth. Examination showed short stature with bowing of both legs and arms with widening of wrist. USG revealed bilateral medullary nephrocalcinosis, serum parathyroid and 25-VitD and calcium were very low and urine calcium excretion and serum creatinine were high with urine culture was positive for E. coli. She was finally diagnosed as a case of familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria with nephrocalcinosis.
Stress-related cardiomyopathy due to anaphylaxis to iodinated contrast media during arteriography procedures in diabetic patient
Authors: Suryana Ketut , Yudha Kartika I Gede
Published: January 2022

Anaphylaxis is an acute, severe systemic allergic reaction that can be potentially fatal. It can often transition to refractory hemodynamic instability (new onset myocardial dysfunction/ left ventricular dysfunction/LVD). Stress-related cardiomyopathy (SRC) is now emerging as a significant contributor of myocardial dysfunction and has multifactorial etiologies, including the excessive catecholamine released in intense stress conditions. It is also more likely to occur in middle aged/ postmenopausal woman. This rare case report, a SRC caused by contrast-induced anaphylaxis within 30 minutes post artheriography procedures. Management of anaphylaxis should be prompt and precise because it is considered as a medical emergency with a rapid onset of disease and potentially progress to cardiovascular and respiratory collapse causing death.
Forens(om)ic medicine: omics in forensic medicine
Authors: Goel Rajeev , Kumar Deepak , Arora Vijay
Published: January 2022

The branch of science informally known as ‘omics’ are various branches in biology whose names end in the suffix omics such as proteomics, metabolomics, genomics, transcriptomics. The studies regarding the role of omics in various branches of medical field have become an upcoming area and its rising trend has been observed in the last decade. Omics has very recently emerged as an uprising field in forensic medicine also which is already known for its great participation with other branches like forensic toxicology, biochemistry, psychiatry, genetics. The use of state- of-the-art omics technologies has been explored in forensic medicine and sciences in establishing post mortem interval, drugs of abuse, intoxication and cause of death. The various forensic studies presently are aiming omics for future prospective. An elementary attempt has been made in this review article to briefly present the role and advantages of omics in forensic medicine. We, hereby, propose to call it forensomic medicine, to draw attention of the forensic professionals to this novel branch of science in order to encourage new studies to be used in medico legal applications.
Accuracy and diagnostic approach of combining multiple modalities for diagnosing appendicitis among non-pregnant female of reproductive age
Authors: Khan M. Shahid-Ul-Islam , Rahman Mohammad Mashiur , Maniruzzaman M. , Jahan Israt , . Lutfunnahar , Sarkar M. Nadeem
Published: January 2022

Background: Appendicitis is notorious in its ability to simulate other conditions and in the frequency, it can be mimicked by other pathologies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the diagnostic approach incorporating modified Alvarado score system (MASS) and ultrasonography with clinical findings. The aim of the study was to observe and evaluate different modalities of determining appendicitis among the non-pregnant female population of reproductive ageMethods: This prospective descriptive study was conducted at the department of surgery, Rajshahi College and Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. The study duration was 6 months, from February 2013 to July 2013. The study was conducted with a total of 101 women who were of reproductive age, presenting with right lower quadrant pain, who went through appendicectomy during the study period.Results: The incidence of negative appendicectomy was 4.95% in this study. Most of the patients having appendicitis were in second and third decades with a mean age of 24.79±10.11 years. The rate of perforation in our study was 5.94%. The overall post-operative complication rate was 13.86% with minor wound infection being the most common complication. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of the diagnostic approach in this study were 95.05%, 98.96%, 20.00%, 95.96% and 50.00% respectively. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound were found to be 29.47%, 25.56% and 100% respectively.Conclusions: Combined use of clinical diagnosis incorporating modified Alvarado score and ultrasonography led to a significant reduction in the negative appendicectomy rate.
Age and gender based study of urine microscopy in children and adolescents: a retrospective study
Authors: Umman Philip , Philip Tinu , Babu Hana George , Thomas Pramod
Published: January 2022

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common reason for accessing health care services in all age groups. Women are more susceptible to UTI across age groups. Among males, the prevalence decreases in adolescence. Socio-economic and behavioural factors may play a significant role in the higher prevalence of UTI among adolescent girls. A study on UTI among children and adolescents will give a better insight in to the gravity of the problem and suggest appropriate interventions. Aim of the current study was to investigate the prevalence of urinary tract infection in males and females in the age group 0 to 20 based on the urine routine examination.Methods: This retrospective study included patients who had urine routine examination (URE) done based on clinical symptoms, during the period from January to December 2018 in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Data was obtained from the laboratory records and medical records department.Results: 1574 (3.43%) out of 45896 patients had a URE. This included 716 males (46%) and 858 females (54%). Among those with positive URE results, females were more affected than their male counterparts and this was statistically significant (male 21.8%, female 78.2%, p< 0.0001). As age advances, the prevalence decreases in males.Conclusions: Urinary tract infection is more prevalent in females across the pre- adolescent and adolescent age group. It decreases with age in males. Understanding the factors responsible for the persistent higher prevalence in females may decrease the prevalence of urinary infection in adolescent females.