bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The future of protein assembly: a deep learning paradigm for efficient and accurate data processing
Authors: Chen Haodi
Published: January 2025

Protein assembly is critical to understanding biomolecular functions and biological processes. In recent years, with the large increase in protein sequence data, the demand for data integration has also increased, and deep learning has made significant progress in protein structure prediction and functional analysis. Deep learning is an efficient data processing method that helps traditional experiments improve the efficiency, speed, and accuracy of data processing. Combined with deep learning, the development of new proteins is no longer limited by experimental conditions, which is of great significance for drug target prediction, material design, and new drug discovery. The purpose of this research was to investigate a deep learning-driven approach for protein assembly and assess its effectiveness in forecasting the three-dimensional conformation and functional properties of proteins. By using the latest deep learning algorithms and large-scale protein databases, the potential of this method to improve the accuracy and efficiency of protein assembly is demonstrated
The Research of Influence Factors and Preventive Measures that Possibly lead to Diabetes
Authors: Li Xilun
Published: January 2025

According to data fromAccording to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), 537 million persons globally, or roughly 10.5% of the global adult population aged 20 to 79, are estimated to have diabetes. It is projected that by 2045, this number will rise to 783 million, meaning one in every eight adults will have diabetes. Approximately People with diabetes make up 75% of the population in low- and middle-income nations. In 2021, Diabetes was more common in urban regions (12.1%) than it was in rural areas (8.3%), and it was more common in high-income nations (11.1%) than it was in low-income nations (5.5%). By 2045, the number of people with diabetes worldwide is projected to grow by 46%, with the majority of this increase occurring in middle-income countries. The regions expected to experience the greatest relative increase in the number of people with diabetes are Africa and the Middle East, while Europe, South America, and North America are expected to see the largest relative increase in diabetes prevalence rates. Although type 2 diabetes is preventable, the global prevalence of diabetes continues to rise, primarily due to the increase in obesity rates. Preventing and controlling type 2 diabetes remains an ongoing challenge that requires a better understanding of the distribution of risk factors and differences in the burden of diabetes among various populations in order to successfully manage diabetes risk factors
Sustainable Forestry Approaches for Combating Invasive Species: A Global Perspective
Authors: Lu Yinming
Published: January 2025

Global forestry faces significant challenges, including the degradation of forest resources and the growing threat of invasive species, which disrupt ecosystems and affect human health. Effective management of invasive species is essential for maintaining biodiversity, forest resilience, and global ecological stability. This study examines the application of afforestation techniques, biological control, and chemical control as methods for mitigating the impacts of invasive species in forest ecosystems. The research highlights the importance of selecting appropriate tree species, optimizing forest structure, and promoting species diversity to enhance forest resilience against both plant and insect invasions. Case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of afforestation techniques, such as thinning and girdling, in managing invasive species like black cherry and bark beetles. However, the success of these techniques depends on complementary measures, such as continuous monitoring, interdisciplinary collaboration, and climate adaptation strategies. The study concludes that future research should focus on integrating afforestation with biological and chemical controls, leveraging mathematical modeling, and enhancing international cooperation to address the ecological and economic threats posed by invasive species. Sustainable forest management strategies are essential for ensuring long-term forest health and resilience, particularly in the context of climate change.
Therapeutic Strategies Targeting the Serotonergic System and Circadian Rhythm in Alzheimer's Disease Treatment
Authors: Xianyu Ayling
Published: January 2025

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline, circadian rhythm disturbances, and loss of serotonergic function. While there is no cure for AD, emerging research suggests that targeting the serotonergic system and circadian rhythms may offer novel therapeutic avenues. Serotonin, a key neurotransmitter involved in regulating mood, cognition, and circadian rhythms, plays a critical role in maintaining brain function. However, serotonin levels decline with age and are further reduced in AD, exacerbating circadian disruptions and contributing to the disease's progression. This review explores the connection between the serotonergic system and circadian rhythm regulation in AD, examining the impact of serotonin depletion on the suprachiasmatic nucleus and its influence on amyloid-beta accumulation and tau pathology. Additionally, the potential therapeutic benefits of serotonin-targeted treatments, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and melatonin supplementation, are discussed. Restoring circadian and serotonergic balance may help delay AD onset and mitigate symptoms, though further research is needed to fully understand these mechanisms and develop effective interventions
The relationship between obesity and gut microbiota
Authors: Cai Simiao
Published: January 2025

This article begins by discussing the important the impact of the gut microbiome on obesity, emphasizing how changes in microbial diversity and composition can influence fat storage, energy extraction, and metabolic health. It first outlines the connection between gut microbes and key obesity-related mechanisms such as fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and systemic inflammation. Next, external elements like nutrition, medications, lifestyle, and genetics that influence the composition of the gut microbiome and, consequently, obesity outcomes are examined. Afterward, potential interventions for restoring microbial balance are discussed, including probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, as well as their impact on metabolic health and weight management. Finally, the article highlights new research directions, such as personalized microbiome therapies, gut-brain interactions, and multi-omics approaches, suggesting that these could lead to more effective treatments for obesity. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of further research into the gut microbiome to develop targeted interventions to combat obesity
Application of CRISPR-Cas9 technology in the treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Wei Mingshan , Wu Yitong
Published: January 2025

Since its discovery in bacterial cells, the CRISPR-Cas9 system has gained popularity as a practical approach to modifying the genomes. The ability of CRISPR-Cas9 to perform precise gene editing made it a potent therapeutic option for cancer treatment. This article will provide a basic overview of the working mechanism of CRISPR-Cas9, the different variants of CRISPR systems, and the present application of CRISPR-Cas9 in cancer treatment. The role of CRISPR-Cas9 mediated gene therapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) one of the most aggressive types of cancer is investigated by focusing on multiple oncogenes, tumour suppressor genes, and chemoresistance genes that are aberrantly expressed in TNBC tumour cells. Possible sgRNAs targeting three oncogenes (MYC, CXCR4, YTHDF2) are designed, which can be inserted into CRISPR-Cas9 plasmid vector lentiviral v2. Different vector delivery methods are summarised, including physical, viral, and non-viral deliveries. Finally, CRISPR-Cas9-based cancer therapy is evaluated, existing obstacles that hinder the clinical application of this therapeutic are discussed, and plausible solutions are presented
Water Hyacinth Invasion: Ecological Impacts, Control Strategies, and Future Management Approaches
Authors: Chen Yiling , Xu Zhaoyang
Published: January 2025

Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth), native to Brazil, was introduced to China in the early 20th century and has since become an invasive species, posing significant threats to local aquatic ecosystems and economic activities. This study comprehensively assesses the ecological impacts of water hyacinth on biodiversity, water quality, and methane emissions, with a focus on its rapid growth in nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich environments, which exacerbates eutrophication and pollution. Through a literature review and field data analysis, the effectiveness of existing physical, chemical, and biological control methods is evaluated, particularly highlighting the benefits and ecological risks of biological control using natural enemies. Experimental results show that combining biological control with mechanical removal can significantly reduce management costs and minimize ecological risks. The study also examines the role of water hyacinth in methane emissions from wetland ecosystems and its potential contribution to global warming. Based on these findings, an integrated management strategy is proposed, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration and the potential of emerging technologies, such as gene editing, in future invasive species management
The Role of Astragalus Polysaccharide in Breast Cancer Therapy
Authors: Huo Jiayi , Bai Yiwen , Yang Qiqi Vanessa
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, breast cancer has become one of the most common malignant tumors globally, posing a serious threat to womens health. Current treatments like chemotherapy and radiation often come with significant side effects. As a traditional Chinese medicine, Astragalus polysaccharide has gained attention for its remarkable potential in breast cancer therapy. With the incidence of breast cancer increasing over the years, how to effectively control the condition and improve the quality of patients lives has become an important topic of medical research. This paper systematically reviews the key pharmacological effects of Astragalus polysaccharide and its mechanisms of anti-cancer in breast cancer therapy. These include induction of apoptosis in breast cancer cells and inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Despite its promising potential, the application of Astragalus polysaccharide is still limited. This paper also discussed these limitations of Astragalus polysaccharide in the treatment of breast cancer
The impact of obesity on health and the treatment of obesity
Authors: Zhang Xinyi
Published: January 2025

Over the past 30 years, the global prevalence of obesity has risen significantly. The factors driving this epidemic are numerous but remain poorly understood, and there is an ongoing debate about prioritizing them. Despite efforts, public health initiatives to prevent obesity have largely been unsuccessful, leading to a growing burden of disease and disability. Obesity has distinct and quantifiable effects on both physical and mental health, reduces health-related quality of life, and results in significant direct and indirect costs. As the obesity epidemic continues to grow, it places a heavy burden on individuals, healthcare systems, and communities alike. Obesity is more than just a change in body shape; it is a chronic disease triggered by various biochemical factors that disrupt eating regulation and energy metabolism. The development of obesity is relatively complex, making its treatment challenging. However, obesity is preventable. Managing and reducing body weight effectively are crucial steps in maintaining and promoting overall health
Targeting BCL11A with CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing Technology to Treat Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Wang Ziyao
Published: January 2025

An enormous portion of people from all over the world are afflicted by sickle cell disease (SCD), which is a hereditary blood malady that has a severe negative influence on quality of life. Despite advancements in supportive care, a definitive cure remains elusive. The transcriptional repressor BCL11A has surfaced as an enticing target for novel SCD therapies. The prospect of applying CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to alter BCL11A promoter and optimize SCD pathogenesis is examined in this paper. By suppressing BCL11A, which normally inhibits fetal hemoglobin (HbF) expression, HbF levels can be elevated in adult red blood cells. Increased HbF mitigates the deleterious effects of sickle hemoglobin polymerization, the root cause of SCD manifestations. Preclinical investigations deploying CRISPR-Cas9 to disrupt BCL11A in hematopoietic stem cells have yielded promising results, paving the way for pioneering clinical trials. Although in its early stages of development, this gene editing method has great potential as a revolutionary, one-time therapeutic intervention for SCD. As research progresses, meticulous evaluation of safety, efficacy, and long-term outcomes can be paramount in translating this groundbreaking strategy into clinical reality
Therapeutic role of kaempferol on inflammatory bowel disease through anti-inflammatory effects
Authors: Hong Yian
Published: January 2025

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a group of chronic conditions, primarily comprising ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease, characterized by inflammation of the intestines. Despite the absence of a specific cause, inheritance, climate, and bacteria disparities are acknowledged to be potential assumptions. Flavonoids, particularly kaempferol, have come to be useful natural remedies for IBD. Kaempferol, a variety of fruits and vegetables, is renowned for its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and enzyme-modulating components. Kaempferol has been proven to have anti-inflammatory effects through the regulation of inflammatory signaling pathways, including lowering Cyclooxygenase 1 (COX1) and Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) levels, regulating Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway, and inhibiting pro-inflammation mediators. In vitro and in vivo models of IBD and UC proved the therapeutic effects of kaempferol through alleviating inflammatory effects, protecting the barrier from dysfunction, and regulating gut microbiota. Further clinical trials are required to understand kaempferol's ability to treat IBD and its potential as a possible pharmaceutical agent
Understanding Atherosclerosis: Pathogenesis, risk Factors, and treatment approaches
Authors: Zhou Lizhi
Published: January 2025

Atherosclerosis is a prevalent and severe disease in modern medicine, as it significantly influences contemporary society, contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis includes six critical steps: endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, formation of fatty streaks, plaque progression, as well as plaque maturation and complications. Current treatments for atherosclerosis encompass lifestyle modifications, pharmacological interventions, and surgical procedures. This study calls for optimal solutions for atherosclerosis treatment, with the hope that future advancements will address these shortcomings and improve patient outcomes
Comparative Analysis of Simulated Annealing in Protein Folding Prediction Using HP Models
Authors: Zhang Chentao
Published: January 2025

Protein folding prediction is a fundamental yet challenging aspect of molecular biology. This study evaluates the efficacy of the Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm in protein structure prediction, comparing its performance with AlphaFold and other optimization methods like Genetic Algorithms (GA) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). Employing the Hydrophobic-Polar (HP) model, the focus is on simulating the folding process through hydrophobic and polar interactions. SA, inspired by the physical process of material annealing, effectively searches for global energy minima by probabilistically accepting higher-energy states early in the simulation, thus circumventing local minima entrapments. The Metropolis Criterion, pivotal in determining the acceptance of suboptimal configurations, guides this acceptance based on temperature and energy changes. The effectiveness of SA was assessed on proteins such as insulin, hemoglobin -subunit, and lysozyme C, with results juxtaposed against AlphaFolds 3D predictions. Findings indicate that while SA excels in simpler protein structures like insulin, it encounters limitations with more complex molecules such as lysozyme C, primarily due to the 2D HP models constraints. Although SA offers insightful predictions for less intricate systems, the integration of its algorithmic strengths with advanced machine learning models like AlphaFold could potentially improve accuracy in predicting more sophisticated protein structures
The Impact of Macronutrient Intake on Diabetes
Authors: Zhang Xinyu
Published: January 2025

The consumption of macronutrients is pivotal in the oversight and regulation of diabetes. Studies have demonstrated a direct correlation between the ratio and composition of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the diet and indices of glycemic control, including blood glucose levels, insulin responsiveness, and metabolic well-being. Appropriate intake of carbohydrates, particularly those with a reduced Glycemic Index (GI), aids in maintaining stable blood sugar levels, while consumption of high-quality proteins and nutritious fats may enhance insulin sensitivity. Differences exist in the macronutrient needs and responses among patients with varying forms of diabetes, including types 1 and 2. Thus, the implementation of bespoke nutritional intervention strategies, customized according to an individual's unique circumstances and lifestyle, is critical for successful diabetes management. This systematic review seeks to investigate the correlation between macronutrient consumption and the development of diabetes. It will concentrate on elucidating how varying macronutrient profiles influence glycemic regulation, insulin responsiveness, and metabolic welfare. Additionally, the review will emphasize the significance of individualized dietary regimens in the management of diabetes
Hedging and Diversification Benefits of Cryptocurrencies in Forex Portfolios under Different Economic Uncertainty Levels
Authors: Zhang Boyang
Published: January 2025

Cryptocurrencies have emerged as a prominent asset class, gaining widespread attention from investors for their potential role in diversifying portfolios and hedging against market risks. This study examines the role of cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin and Ethereum) as hedging instruments and diversification tools in Forex portfolios, particularly under different levels of economic uncertainty. Using the DCC-GARCH and GJR-GARCH models, this paper assesses the dynamic relationships between cryptocurrencies and key Forex pairs (USD/INR, USD/VND, USD/BRL) while incorporating the World Uncertainty Index (WUI) to capture the impact of political and economic uncertainty. The results reveal that cryptocurrencies exhibit higher volatility compared to Forex pairs, but their correlation with economic uncertainty is not consistent over time. These findings provide valuable insights for investors seeking to optimize portfolios by incorporating cryptocurrencies as a hedge instrument against economic uncertainty
The Second Bulgarian Empire in Three Histories from the Dawn of the Bulgarian National Revival Period – a Comparative Analysis
Authors:   St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria, Dimitrov Dimitar
Published: January 2025

In the second half of the 18th century, within just thirty years, three historical texts appeared – the three histories, which we intend to review – Paisieva, Zographska and Spiridonova. They are the first attempts to develop an original Bulgarian history and the beginning of Bulgarian historiography in the Bulgarian National Revival Period. A historiographical review is presented, covering the main achievements and trends. The role of the Second Bulgarian Empire in the three historical texts is clarified, including the most interesting events and moments. The purpose of the following study is to extract impartially the information we need, as well as to trace the level of historical knowledge during the reviewed period.
Solemn and Cultural Events Organized by the Burgas City Municipality in the Period 1878–1912
Authors:   St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria, Drakaliev Georgi
Published: January 2025

Life in the newly liberated Bulgarian lands at the end of the 19th century was difficult and did not offer many opportunities for cultural events, and the funds available to the local government barely covered the most pressing needs of the city. Therefore, cultural events most often consisted of organizing citywide celebrations on various occasions, including the celebration of anniversaries of important events, religious holidays, welcoming higher persons, called in the protocols of the City Council “high guests“ and others. There were also other cultural events for entertainment or education of the citizens, but they were the work of private troupes or artists and the municipality even made a profit from them. At the end of the 19th century, it was impossible to talk about a real cultural life in Burgas, in the full sense of the word. The population of the city was small in number, and it had other, much more important problems related to its survival and nutrition. Therefore, the citizens and guests of the city were happy to join the few celebrations held by the municipality.
ewellery and Glyptics in Legionary Camps Novae and Durostorum in the 2nd–3rd Centuries
Authors:   St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria, Dimitrova Eva
Published: January 2025

Jewellery and glyptics are among the crafts, which were practiced in the vicinity of legionary camps in the 2nd–3rd centuries. It is attested only by indirect data – a huge quantity of finds with similar style of workmanship, which were discovered during archaeological excavations. Jewels made of different metals (mostly ores) and of precious stones (gemstones and cameos) are product of these crafts.
Evaluating the Impact of User Interface Design on the Effectiveness of the Entrance Exam System: A Design Analysis Approach for the Entrance Exam System
Authors: Kezia B Daclison , Archilles D Dela Cruz , Omanio  , Xerxes David Roy , Harold B Real Ejie , Ronel Tubio , Louie Valiente Jeff
Published: January 2025

This study explores the impact of user interface (UI) design on the effectiveness and user experience of the entrance exam system at South East Asian Instituteof Technology (SEAIT). As more educational institutions transition to digital platforms for exam administration, the role of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) in designing effective, user-friendly interfaces becomes crucial. This research aims to assess how specific UI elements influence usability, task efficiency, and error reduction in the digital exam environment. Using a quantitative methodology, surveys were distributed to 350 first-year students who participated in the entrance exam, gathering data ontheir perceptions of the system’s layout, navigation, and overall user experience. The findings reveal that while the current system meets basic functional requirements, several aspects such as navigation flow, error prevention, and user confidence in theinterface require significant improvement. The study highlights the need for a more cohesive design that integrates visual hierarchy, clear navigation cues, and intuitive task flow. Based on these insights, the research proposes a user-centered design approach to optimize the system, focusing on enhancing user satisfaction and exam efficiency. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of accessibility, ensuring the system accommodates a wide range of users, including those with varying technical proficiency and demographic backgrounds. The findings offer valuable contributions to the field of educational technology by providing a framework for designing digital exam systems that prioritize user experience, leading to improved test-taking performance, efficiency, and overall satisfaction.
Transforming Gynecology with Artificial Intelligence:Advances in Clinical Practice
Authors: Mahmoudiandehkordi Shaghayegh , Yeganegi Maryam
Published: January 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) revolutionizesgynecology by enhancing diagnosis, prediction, and treatment. This review explores AI applications in early pregnancy complication prediction, fetal health monitoring, gynecological cancers (cervical and ovarian), and embryo selection in IVF. Machine learning models analyze patient data, imaging, and biomarkers to predict risks such as pre-eclampsia, detectingfetal distress, improve cervical cancer screening, and enable early ovarian cancer diagnosis. AI-driven methods for embryo selection automate viability assessment, improving success rates and reducing subjectivity. AI supports evidence-based care by enhancing accuracy and efficiency, though challenges like data privacy and clinical validation remain.
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI FIRM PERFORMANCE TERHADAP JOB STRESS PADA KARYAWAN PENGGUNA PROVIDER TELKOMSEL DI JAKARTA
Authors: Yustika Anggraini  , Dita Oki Berlianti
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh Firm Performance terhadap Job Performance, di mediasi Work Engagement  pada PT.Telkomsel. Sampel  yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Karyawan dari PT.Telkomsel di Jakarta yang berjumlah 221 responden. Metode pengambilan sampelnya adalah Snow Ball. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Structural Equation Model (SEM) dengan software AMOS 26 dan software SPSS 27. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Work Engagement memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap Firm Performance dan Job Stress, Percieved organizational support tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Firm Performance dan Job Stress. Peran work engagement memediasi secara penuh. Implikasi manajerial adalah Meningkatkan intensitas kerja karyawan dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan tujuan yang jelas, penghargaan, insentif, lingkungan kerja positif, pelatihan, dan feedback konstruktif untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan produktivitas. Untuk mempertahankan karyawan tetap sepenuh hati dan terikat, peluang pengembangan, tujuan yang jelas, dan keseimbangan kerja-hidup yang baik, serta ciptakan komunikasi dan lingkungan kerja yang mendukung.
Szegvár-Tűzköves késő neolitikus lelőhelyének anthrakológiai és karpológia vizsgálata
Authors: Merkl Máté Róbert , Darabos Gabriella , Raczky Pál , Füzesi András , Hajnalova Maria , Magyari Enikő Katalin
Published: January 2025

Szegvár-Tűzköves a magyar neolitikus kutatás egyik kiemelkedő helyszíne, a késő újkőkori tiszai kultúra egyik legjelentősebb lelőhelye. Kutatásunk célja a Szegvár-Tűzköves központi tell részéről szisztematikusan gyűjtött földminták antrakológiai (faszén alapú fajhatározás) és karpológiai (mag-és termésmaradvány) elemzése volt, abból a célból, hogy képet alkothassunk a késő neolitikus települést övező erdők összetételéről és a termesztett növények spektrumáról. A mintavételezés a 2–2,5 m magas tellet határoló árkokból, házakból és gödrökből történt. A tell területéről összesen 12 db objektumból kaptunk értékelhető eredményt. Összesen 842 darab faszenet vizsgáltunk. Az antrakológiai eredményeink alapján, a szegvári lelőhelyen a késő neolitikumban a vízpartok mentén keményfás ártéri ligeterdővel, valamint puhafás fűz- és nyárligettel, illetve égerligettel kell számolnunk. A szárazabb részeken a mai Dnyepertől keletre eső erdős sztyeppe öv mezei szil–kocsányos tölgy (Ulmus minor–Quercus robur) dominanciájú nyílt erdősztyeppel párhuzamba hozható növényzettípust rekonstruálunk. A gabona és a termesztett növényi maradványok száma összesen 342 darab volt, amelyek közül a legnagyobb számban a faji szintre be nem azonosítható gabonák (Cerealia) szemterméstöredékét (81%) találtuk meg, a meghatározható fajok között a tönköly (Triticum spelta) dominált, a többi gabona aránya 1–10% közötti arányban fordult elő. Az alakor és a tönköly cséplésből származó gabonavillája helyben való gabona termesztésre utal. A leletek között a gyomfajok száma és diverzitása alacsony volt, a faj szám minimális volta miatt nem tudtunk következtetést levonni a gabonavetés idejére, az aratás magasságára és a neolitikus lakosság termőhely választására.
A 2000-Year-Old Bladder Stone from Győr, Hungary: Results of Chemical Compositional and Non-Destructive Structural Analysis
Authors: Gulyás Sándor , Marcsik Antónia , Gulyásné Gungl Andrea , Fintor Krisztián , Raucsik Béla , Nagy Réka , Kiss Péter
Published: January 2025

A biological object was recovered from the pelvic region of an adult man (age 60) unearthed from Győr, Újlak utca Hungary. The skeleton was dated to the Roman period based on the burial customs and stratigraphic position. The find was identified as a bladder stone on morphological, radiographic, and chemo-analytical grounds with the help of traditional lab tests, X-ray diffraction, confocal Raman spectroscopy, and microscopic techniques. The mineralogical composition of this urinary stone was found to be calcium phosphate (apatite) and calcium magnesium phosphate (whitlockite). Bladder stone disease is endemic in poor agricultural regions where the typical diet is mostly based on grain carbohydrate consumption with scarce intake of animal protein. However, in our case the absence of skeletal alterations related to neurogenic origin, and the results of investigations carried out on a multidisciplinary approach, esspecially the presence of whitlockite clearly indicates infection by non-urease producing bacteria.
Analytical Characterization of an Ottoman Opus Sectile Mosaic Floor from the Delta Region, Egypt
Authors: Adly Rehab Zohdy , El Beleihy Wael Zakaria , Marey Mahmoud Hussein
Published: January 2025

This study reports a recent analytical study of the main components of an opus sectile mosaic floor from an Ottoman bath (hammam) in the delta region of Egypt, that dates back to 1748 CE. Samples of the decorative elements of the mosaic floor including white stone, pottery mosaic pieces, black stone and setting bed mortar from the mosaic substrate were collected and analyzed. The microscopic features of the samples were examined by an optical USB digital microscope and their petrographic characteristics were evaluated by a polarized light microscope. The morphological and chemical composition of the samples were determined by a scanning electron microscope provided with an X-ray microanalyzer (SEM-EDX). The crystalline phases contained in the samples were measured by X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD). The results have shown that the mosaic floor was constructed using a white marble which consists of multi-sized calcite crystals with minor amounts of coesite. The pottery mosaic pieces are composed of quartz, hematite and albite. The black stone was identified as a volcanic rock of basalt which consists of andesine, anorthite and accessory quartz. A traditional lime mortar composed of quartz and calcite was used as a setting bed mortar for the mosaic pieces. Furthermore, the results showed the detection of some salt minerals which reflects the salt weathering that occurs in the site. The obtained results provided useful information on the technical structure of the studied mosaic and will be used to select appropriate materials for its restoration.
Performance Evaluation and Analysis of Electric Vehicle
Authors:   School of CSE&IS Presidency  University, KR SUDARSHAN.
Published: January 2025

In the current scenario, an electric vehicle (EV) has significant growth potential, with India’s GDP predicted to expand by 25% by 2024. We can improve the reliability of electric cars by correctly assessing their parameters and studying their characteristics. We can also make EVs more cost-effective by tailoring the design of electric vehicle components to consider the driving cycle and vehicle attributes. In this study, the real critical parameters and driving cycle data were considered in order to develop a more advanced model. This research looked into the effects of several factors on vehicle performance and energy usage. This study establishes an effective method for determining the suitable motor rating and battery capacity for an EV. This work also acts as a test bed for EV manufacturers and consumers to estimate and assess car performance in order to improve the design or functionality.
AUTOMATIC DETECTION AND NOTIFICATION OF POTHOLES AND HUMPS ON ROADS TO AID DRIVERS
Authors:   Student in computer science and engineering & presidency University, Bangalore, KAMALASEKARAN DR. JAYANTHI
Published: January 2025

The Indian subcontinent is the world's second most populous Country and one of its fastest developing economically. Backwardness of roads is also one of the problems in the region. Roads are now the dominant form of transportation in India. In fact, it accounts for about 90 percent of the country's total passenger transport and about 65 percent of the country's total freight transport. Most of the roads in India are narrow and congested with poor surface quality and their maintenance needs are not satisfactorily met.

Most of the rural non-tarred roads are in a shabby condition. Most of the roads either become muddy tracks in the rains or dusty tracks during the summer months. Indeed, in India, there are roads built with automatic barriers which control the traffic and flow at ramp sites. It would thus be highly essential to estimate how quickly a ramp could be deployed from an operational standpoint as part of the overall procedure of traffic management. All of these facts therefore highlight that there is different relevant material available on the general nature of undulatio and undulation detection of ramps in India. If the aforementioned are to be operated successfully and efficiently, then necessarily, the target has to be first identified successfully. It is done through filtering interal models with a confidence level in reducing accidents by taking into consideration the aspect of humps and potholes within the Indian landscape. Constant movement and high impact on structures cause depression stressing material reinforcement, ultimately leading to the formation of potholes.

Key Words: Road infrastructure, Transportation, Potholes, Humps, Traffic management, Undulation detection, Rural roads, Maintenance.
Customer Support Chat Bot with ML
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Presidency University, Bangalore, India, REDDY A PAVAN KUMAR , RAJU M.PRUDHVI , ACHARYA ABHAY R
Published: January 2025

This project focuses on building an intelligent chatbot designed to streamline customer support by efficiently interpreting and addressing customer complaints or queries. The chatbot integrates seamlessly with an existing database to search for potential resolutions, providing instant responses to common issues. If no suitable solution is found in the database, the chatbot escalates the query to support staff, ensuring manual intervention when necessary. Leveraging machine learning, the chatbot continuously learns from interactions between customers and support staff, updating the database with new resolutions to handle similar queries autonomously in the future. This approach not only improves the chatbot’s ability to understand and respond to complex queries but also enhances its efficiency over time. By automating routine responses and fostering a self-improving system, the solution aims to optimize customer support processes, minimize response times, and deliver a consistently superior customer experience.

INDEX TERMS:

Intelligent Chatbot, Machine Learning, Customer Support Automation, Resolution Database, Escalation Mechanism, Continuous Learning, Query Interpretation, Support Efficiency.
HARNESSING GENERATIVE AI: INNOVATING DATA ANALYTICS IN THE ANALYTICAL ERA
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of B.Com Information Technology Shri Nehru Maha Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore., Shreejaa N. , Sudha Dr.V.
Published: January 2025

The field of data analytics is being transformed by the use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in today's rapidly changing digital landscape. This article explores the innovative applications and implications of generative AI in enhancing data analytics capabilities, with a focus on its impact in the analytical era. Generative AI refers to algorithms that can create new content, such as images, text, or entire datasets, based on patterns and examples it has been trained on. This technology has revolutionized traditional data analytics by allowing organizations to gain deeper insights, create predictive models, and automate complex decision-making processes with unprecedented accuracy and efficiency. One of the main advantages of generative AI in data analytics is its ability to handle large amounts of data and identify meaningful patterns that may not be obvious to human analysts. By using advanced machine learning techniques like neural networks, generative AI can analyze massive datasets to find correlations, anomalies, and trends that lead to actionable insights. Furthermore, generative AI enables organizations to simulate scenarios and predict outcomes with greater precision. This is particularly valuable in industries like finance, healthcare, and manufacturing, where accurate forecasting can result in significant cost savings, improved operational efficiency, and enhanced customer satisfaction. In addition to its predictive capabilities, generative AI enhances data analytics by allowing the creation of synthetic data. This synthetic data can be used to supplement existing datasets, address privacy concerns related to real-world data, and train machine learning models more effectively. Additionally, generative models enable data scientists to explore hypothetical scenarios and test hypotheses in a controlled environment, speeding up the pace of innovation and discovery. However, the widespread adoption of generative AI in data analytics also raises ethical and regulatory considerations. Issues such as data privacy, bias in generated content, and the potential misuse of synthetic data must be carefully addressed to ensure responsible deployment and mitigate risks. Looking ahead, the future of data analytics in the analytical era will undoubtedly be influenced by advancements in generative AI. As this technology continues to evolve, organizations will need to adapt by investing in strong infrastructure, training their workforce, and fostering a culture of responsible innovation.
Agripulse Based on Harnessing Machine Learning
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Malnad College of Engineering, N T Vasanth Kumar , C R Sagar , D Sagar , M G Vishal , H S Thejas
Published: January 2025

Agriculture faces challenges like unpredictable weather, resource scarcity, and inefficient practices. Agripulse addresses these issues by integrating Machine Learning (ML) and IoT to develop a smart farming solution. IoT sensors enable real-time monitoring of soil, crops, and environment, while ML algorithms optimize irrigation, fertilizer use, and pest control.

The platform provides cost-effective, data-driven insights, empowering farmers to boost productivity and conserve resources. With edge computing and cloud integration, it ensures reliable performance even in areas with limited connectivity. Agripulse promotes sustainable, eco-friendly farming by transforming traditional practices into efficient, automated systems, contributing to global food security and agricultural innovation.
Future of Electric and Hydro vehicles and its impact in Petrol car
Authors: Srivastava Ankit
Published: January 2025

Transportation generates nearly one-third of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions and is a key target for sustainable
development. Future electric and hydrogen vehicle technologies will change the industry for the better, without
compromising fossil fuel consumption or the environment. The article explores adoption of electric and hydrogen
vehicles, technology and economics of these vehicles and what these developments may mean for the classic petrol
car market. There’s a revolution in the automotive industry, and people no longer drive cars powered by petrol, but
now use EVs and hydro-powered vehicles. In this essay, we discuss the future of these technologies, especially electric
and hydro vehicles, and also what will happen to petrol cars. The transition to clean cars is not only in the pipeline as
environmental repercussions from climate change, government policies and renewable-energy technologies accelerate,
but it seems immutable. In this paper, we would discuss about the technologies, the markets and the environment
impact of electric and hydro vehicle as well as their socio-economic impacts on patrol cars.
Data Migration Strategy for Financial Product Acquisition
Authors: Botla Gomathi Shirdi
Published: January 2025

The acquisition of financial products by external partners necessitates a meticulous data migration strategy to ensure
security, continuity, and compliance. This paper explores the challenges of migrating sensitive financial data when
integrating applications through middleware platforms, focusing on IBM DataPower as a robust solution. We propose a
structured methodology emphasizing security, operational efficiency, and scalability while highlighting unique
considerations for financial institutions.
Keywords
Data migration, financial product acquisition, middleware integration, IBM DataPower, application integration, data
security.
ADAPTING LLMs FOR LOW RESOURCE LANGUAGES-TECHNIQUES AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Kalluri Kartheek
Published: January 2025

Adaptive large language models (LLMs) to resource-scarce languages and also analyze the ethical considerations
involved. Already incorporated the elements of mixed methods. It consists of a literature review, corpus
collection, expert interviews, and shareholders meeting. Some adaptation techniques examined in this study are
data augmentation, multilingual pre-training, change of architecture, and parameter-efficient fine-tuning. The
quantitative analysis indicated model performance improvements for under-resourced languages, particularly
through cross-lingual knowledge transfer and data augmentation. However, results were varied in terms of
languages and tasks. There were ethical issues in qualitative analysis: This articulated an ethical framework
around the aspects of inclusive and transparency with the involvement of constituencies along all the lines of bias,
cultural sensitivity, privacy of data, and impacts on linguistic diversity. Finally, although transfer learning and
data augmentation speak nicely to adapting LLMs toward low-resource languages, very careful consideration
must still be given to implications to ensure their fair and contextually appropriate use.
Keywords- Adaptive large language models (LLMs), Resource-scarce languages, Data augmentation,
Multilingual pre training, Cross lingual knowledge transfer, Ethical consideration, Cultural sensitivity
The study of the stress-strain state of the downhole packer's jaw teeth based on the initial functions method
Authors:   Azerbaijan National Aviation Academy, Baku, Azerbaijan, Dzhanakhmedov A. Kh. , Dyshin O. A. ,   Scientific-Research Institute of Geotechnological Problems of Oil and Gas and Chemistry, Baku, Azerbaijan, Shahnazarov M. A. ,   State Agency for Safe Working in Industry and Mountain-Mine Control, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: January 2025

The polynomial solutions known in the theory of elasticity for the problem of stress-strain state of a rectangular strip are generalized to the case of a wedge-shaped strip with simultaneous application of normal and tangential loads distributed uniformly along the edges, and external concentrated forces applied to the wedge top. To solve the problem based on application of the initial functions method using a decomposition approach, calculation formulas for displacements and stresses in polar coordinates are obtained. The problem solution obtained by the operational method using the one-sided Laplace transform depends on uncertain coefficients of the corresponding homogeneous differential equation’s general solution expansion in terms of linearly independent solutions determined by the roots of the characteristic equation. For each of the problems under consideration, a method is indicated for identifying these uncertain coefficients in the presence of a load along the wedge edges, both in the presence and absence of an external force applied to the top. In the case of a problem with a load along the edges and an external force applied to the wedge top with unsupported and reinforced ribs, the general algorithm for solving the problem and the calculation formulas with well-defined constant coefficients for displacements and stresses are obtained. Based on the calculated values of displacements, stresses and strains, stress-strain diagrams were constructed and, in the case of a plane stress state that occurs in the absence of an external force, a comparison was made with the known theoretical linear dependences of stresses on strains.

Keywords: packering; jaw teeth; plane stress state; symmetrically directed load; concentrated tensile force; elementary solution; stress-strain state; initial functions method; one-sided Laplace transform; decomposition approach; operational calculus; stress-strain diagram; inhomogeneous differential equation.
Modeling turbulent flows in round pipes
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Myslyuk М. А.
Published: January 2025

A rheological model of a biviscous fluid is proposed, describing laminar and turbulent flows of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids in round cylindrical pipes. For low shear rates, common rheological models (Newton, Bingham, Ostwald, Herschel – Bulkley, Shulman – Casson, etc.) are used, and for high rates, a generalization of the L. Prandtl model is used. Taking into account the averaged flow characteristics, a model of turbulent flow and velocity distribution equations in round pipes are constructed. The model ensures the continuity of the dependence of hydraulic resistance on the fluid flow rate and expands the possibilities of its application in applied problems of hydromechanics. It is proposed to use capillary viscometry data for laminar and turbulent flow to provide information support for the rheological model. Using the principle of maximum likelihood function, the procedure for processing viscometry data for estimating the parameters of the biviscous rheological model is considered. Using the example of Herschel – Bulkley and Shulman – Casson fluids, the characteristics of flows in laminar and turbulent flow are given. Using known empirical formulas for determining the coefficient of hydraulic resistance in turbulent flow of Newton, Bingham, Ostwald, Herschel-Bulkley fluids, the possibility of using the proposed model is assessed. A comparison of the coefficient of hydraulic resistance using numerical 3D modeling and the equation of the biviscous model in turbulent flow of Ostwald fluid is given.

Keywords: bi-viscous fluid; round pipes; calculation of hydraulic resistance; rheological model; turbulent flow.