bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fenomenologi : Caring Perawat Terhadap Klien Dengan Kondisi Kritis Di Instalasi Gawat Darurat – Rumah Sakit Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang
Authors: Jainurakhma Janes , Winarni Indah , Setyoadi Setyoadi
Published: December 2018

Caring is an important part of nursing process that difficult to be apart. Emergency nursing is a profession that required health care providers with fast performance, accurate, and quality of complicated and holistic problems. A lot of patients with critical condition at emergency department, they ask a quality of nursing services and it is affected by the quality of a nurse caring. Without caring passion, a nurse vulnerable to act that violate ethical of nursing, no exception nursing profession at emergency installations of RSSA Malang. The purpose of this study is to explore the experience of nurse caring for clients with critical condition at emergency installations of RSSA Malang. This study used a qualitative approach, with interpretive phenomenological method. Purposive sampling is a method used in this study, the criteria of experience as nurse in the emergency installations of RSSA Malang at least 5 years, still working in the emergency installations of RSSA Malang, and willing as participant. Using semi-structure interviews technique, and analyzed by Miles and Huberman model approach. The results led to three themes, namely: the resque of critically ill patients, improve patient and family confidence,  desire to do the best for crical patients. Based on the results of the study are expected to follow up with the theme of the next study of emergency nurses caring of the perpective of patient and families, and needs to be improved further for the training of emergency skill of nurses in the emergency department, so thet skills and knowledge of nurses in handling critical patients better.; Key words: caring, nursing experience, critical patient.
Pengelolaan Limbah Medis Padat di RSUD Padangan Kabupaten Bojonegoro
Authors: Wiyatno Didik , Susilatun Hamidah Rosidanti
Published: December 2018

The management of solid medical waste in RSUD Padangan Bojonegoro District is one of the efforts to create a clean and safe hospital condition from the source of infection for all officers, patients and environment in hospital. The management of solid medical waste in RSUD Padangan Bojonegoro District is viewed from the aspect of planning quite well, but there are still few problems such as the absence of global SOP for the management of hospital solid medical waste. For the organizing aspect is quite good, but the organizational structure in the Sanitation Unit has not been legalized its existence. Then the implementation aspect has gone well because it has been referring to the applicable regulation. While the supervision aspect has not run optimally because of the lack of regular supervision schedule conducted by Sanitarian. This study aims to determine the implementation of solid medical waste management in RSUD Padangan Bojonegoro District. Aspects studied in this study are: aspects of planning, organizational aspects, aspects of implementation, and aspects of supervision.Keywords: management, solid medical waste, hospital, RSUD Padangan, planning, organizing, implementation, supervision
Financing Defence: The Influence of Defence Budget on National Economic Growth: An Indonesian Case
Authors: Johnson Kennedy Posma Sariguna
Published: December 2018

In our hypothesis the defense budget must reduce the traditional threat and influence the economic. This research would like to see if the defense spending will influence the national economics through economic growth by demand side approach. By assuming the natural balance of power, the traditional threat come not only from military capabilities but also balanced by their economic power. The equation model formed to capture the influence of defense spending to economics growth. The regression describes that military spending had an impact on economic growth. Increase in the level of traditional threat is not reduce economic growth. The Indonesian defense budget give impact on the national economics, and the traditional threat is in small variation. But, the national defense budget still needs to be increased. This makes production could be stable, and the economic actors still feel safe doing the business.
La línea materializante como método de diseño de carteles. Caso de estudio: Carteles Somos Agua.
Authors: Cortes Lopez Jose Isaac , Chávez Lecuanda Marco Aquiles
Published: December 2018

El presente trabajo tiene la intención de mostrar el método de conceptualización para la generación de productos gráficos llamado línea materializante, desarrollado por Abelardo Rodríguez (1996). Se trata de una manera de bocetar considerando conceptos previamente seleccionados a partir de criterios objetivos relacionados con el análisis del receptor y de los diversos elementos icónicos y lingüísticos involucrados, lo cual permite desarrollar una propuesta gráfica pertinente. Desde nuestro punto de vista, este método permite llevar a cabo de manera organizada el proceso conceptual para el desarrollo de productos gráficos. En este caso, se adaptó al cartel, ya que es la asignatura en la que se ha aplicado desde 2004 en la carrera de Diseño para la Comunicación Gráfica del Centro Universitario de Arte, Arquitectura y Diseño de la Universidad de Guadalajara. Para mostrar el método, se analizaron los carteles de algunos profesores de la licenciatura mencionada, los cuales siguieron la línea materializante en su proceso creativo. Los carteles se elaboraron en 2015 para una exposición en torno al día mundial del medio ambiente.
The difference in the timings of healthcare professionals’ shifts and sleep disturbances
Authors: Dibas Mahmoud , Hashan Mohammad Rashidul
Published: December 2018

Healthcare professionals (HCPs) bear a huge responsibility of taking care of patients 24 hours a day and for the whole week. Although HCPs help patients get over their sufferings, these workers endanger their lives and cause themselves health problems including sleep disturbances. Since most of these disturbances are related to the timing or the schedules of these workers, the aim of this mini-review is to shed the light on how these shift schedules are different and how they can affect the sleepness and/or wakefulness of the workers in the health sector.
ASIAN ENGLISH LITERATURE'S MIDTERM EXAMINATION MATERNAL INSTINCT DEPICTED IN VERENATAY'S BROKEN
Authors: Indra Darmawan Ruly
Published: December 2018

In this essay, I want to analyze how maternal instinct is depicted in one short story which has South East Asia as a setting of place because this maternal instinct has became one of the most debatable issues in feminist study until nowadays. The main data is a short story entitled Broken. This short story was included in anthology of Asian short stories entitled A Rainbow Feast. One thing which becomes uniqueness in Broken that picks my interest is how this novel exploits woman acts and habits in different way than any other novel. VerenaTay through this novel tells a story about one particular woman and how she treats her newborn baby. Different with other novel, Broken pictures the woman who lives in different world than us, a human. It is interesting to see how VrenaTay pictures that woman acts and somehow lives after she was dead, how a woman escapes from subversive condition and move toward dominant one by leap through the limit of life and death.
AN ANALYSIS ON TRANSLATION METHODS’ PREFERENCE IN MEMOIR TRANSLATIONS PUBLISHED BY WARUNGSATEKAMU
Authors: Wijaya Tomi
Published: December 2018

This study investigates the general translation methods preference in memoir translations published by Warungsatekamu until April 2018 and what are the features of each translation method. This study uses translation method categories proposed by Newmark (1988). The data are twelve memoir translation texts which originally were written in English, and had been translated by Warungsatekamu’s translator into Indonesian. The result of translation methods analysis shows that there are seven translation methods applied. They are communicative translation method, free translation method, idiomatic translation method, faithful translation method, semantic translation method, word-for-word translation method and literal translation method. What influences these seven methods to be applied are the specific features of each translation methods.
THE TRANSLATION SHIFT AND ACCURACY ANALYSIS OF MUSEUM MACAN’S CAPTION
Authors: Deny Deny
Published: December 2018

Museum MACAN is the first museum that exhibit modern art. Museum MACAN has Indonesia-English caption in their Instagram account in order to promote their collection. This study investigates translation shift occurs in Museum MACAN’s Instagram caption and the accuracy of their translation. The translation shift is used to produces accurate translation. This study uses Catford’s theory about translation shift (1964) and the accuracy based on ATA Rubric Assessment. The data were twenty five Museum MACAN’s Instagram captions. The collected data were analysed, in order to fine the translation shift and accuracy of their caption. There are three evaluators to rate the accuracy of the captions. The first evaluator is the writer of this study; the second evaluator is a student of management from Universitas Negeri Jakarta who works as freelance translator more than two years, the third evaluator is a professional translator who has been in translation field for twenty five years. The result of the translation shift analysis is there are five shifts occur in Museum MACAN’s Instagram captions. The most used shift is structure shift. It shows that the use of shift helps writer or translator adjusts word into appropriate sentence from source text to target text.
Identification of Zingiberaceae as medicinal plants in Gunung Cut Village, Aceh Barat Daya, Indonesia
Authors: Zahara Meutia , Hasanah Mauizah , Zalianda Rahma
Published: December 2018

Zingiberaceae is well known as gingers family with abundant numbers of spices widely used in Southeast Asia, because of their unique flavors, ornamental and also the medicinal values. The extracts of Zingiberaceae rhizome contain many essentials oils, including terpenes, alcohols, ketones, flavonoids and phytoestrogens that use as medicine. Zingiberaceae grow vigorously in a wide range of habitats ranging from riverine to the limestone area, from lowland to the upper mountain regions. They often grow in shady area but some of the native species are able to tolerate to the sun exposure. The cultivation of this family was developed widely. Gunung Cut Village is one the villages in Aceh Barat Daya district which cultivated four species of this family: Zingiber officinale, Curcuma domestica, Alpina galanga and Kaempferia galanga. They mainly use for medicinal purposes as it can cure many diseases traditionally.
Validation of a New Model for the Estimation of Residual Tropospheric Delay Error Under Extreme Weather Conditions
Authors: Juni Ildikó , Rózsa Szabolcs
Published: December 2018

The electromagnetic signals of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) satellites suffer delays while propagating through the troposphere. The tropospheric delay is a significant systematic error of GNSS positioning. For safety-of-life applications of positioning many systematic error effects are either mitigated or eliminated in the positioning solution. Space based augmentation systems provide corrections for the orbital and satellite clock error, the ionospheric effects, etc. Moreover advanced GNSS provide dual frequency code observations for civilian users to eliminate the ionospheric delays caused by the electron content of the upper atmosphere. Nevertheless tropospheric delays are still taken into account using empirical models.For safety-of-life applications besides the accuracy of the positioning, the integrity of the positioning service is an important factor, too. The integrity information includes the maximal positioning error at an extremely rare probability level, called protection level to ensure highly reliable position solution in the aviation. The Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics Minimum Operational Performance Standard (RTCA MOPS) recommends 0.12 m as the maximum zenith tropospheric error in terms of standard deviation. Previous studies show that this recommendation seems to be too conservative leading to a lower service availability. Therefore a more realistic integrity model has to be derived for the estimation of maximal residual tropospheric delay error.In the recent years many advanced empirical tropospheric delay models have been formulated compared to the one recommended by the RTCA. Recently new integrity models have been derived for estimating the maximum residual tropospheric delay error using numerical weather models under real extreme weather.The aim of this paper is to study the reliability of these models conditions. In order to achieve this, high-resolution numerical weather models were ray-traced using an improved ray-tracing algorithm to evaluate the slant and zenith tropospheric delays with the geographical resolution of 0.1° × 0.1°.
Optimal Design of Steel-Concrete Composite I-girder Bridges Using Three Meta-Heuristic Algorithms
Authors: Kaveh Ali , Zarandi Mohammad Mahdi Motesadi
Published: December 2018

Bridges are among very important structures in engineering, due to their rather high cost, and this is why optimization of these structures is a challenging problem. In this paper, optimal design of steel-concrete composite I-girder bridges is performed. Three recently developed meta-heuristic algorithms consisting of Colliding Bodies Optimization (CBO), Enhanced Colliding Bodies Optimization (ECBO) and Vibration Particle System (VPS) are utilized for the first time in the optimal design of steel-concrete I-girder bridges. Both continuous and discrete variables are utilized in the process of optimization. Performance and the convergence histories of these algorithms are compared. In order to have a suitable comparison between these algorithms with previous algorithms, PSO is used and results are displayed. This paper focuses on cost optimization the bridges. Furthermore constraints include all of requirements of the code of practice for design. The comparative study has shown that VPS algorithm has better performance than CBO and ECBO. However, all three algorithms act in a way that the final optimized design does not need the addition of the longitudinal stiffener.
Increasing of Equipment Efficiency by Intensification of Technological Processes
Authors: Fesenko Anatolii , Basova Yevheniia , Ivanov Vitalii , Ivanova Maryna , Yevsiukova Fatyma , Gasanov Magomediemin
Published: December 2018

Issues of technological processes’ intensification and increase of technological equipment efficiency are of priority value in the modern engineering. Application of various methods of hydrodynamic drag on the working fluids in rotary-wheel machines allows increasing of processing efficiency to receive finely-dispersed homogeneous mixtures with necessary characteristics. In this article the issues, connected with the liquid flows' formation in the working zone of rotary-cavitating activator are studied and the main principles of energy impact while the usage of rotor with radial channels, supplied with the elements for receiving cavitating effects, are defined. Based on the offered methodology, experimental research was conducted and calculations of the main indexes, defining efficiency of energy impact on the working medium, were held. The substantiated estimation of efficiency of hydrodynamic machines work according to the dissipative power that allows to choose the proportion of hydrodynamic settings, which provide the highest intensity of cavitating processing of processed liquids, was presented. The practical value of the research is in the studying of ways of increasing of equipment efficiency through the possibility of technological process intensification.
Estimation of Indonesia's Energy Demand to 2030 and Alternatives Scenario to Reduce Oil Dependence
Authors: Mardiana Dwi Atty , Kartoatmodjo RS. Trijana , Kasmungin Sugiatmo
Published: December 2018

The impacts of high dependence on oil on the economy have encouraged many countries to start eliminating or sharply reducing their dependence on oil consumption. As an oil importer as well as oil and gas producer country, Indonesia seeks to do the same thing by eliminating fuel subsidies, shifting to gas, and developing renewable energy. The oil price affects the economic and energy policies and impacts the efforts of reducing oil dependence. Using an econometric model of Indonesia’s energy that is constructed based on its energy balance model, this paper will examine factors that influence the oil demand in Indonesia. It will estimate the country’s energy needs from 2017 to 2030 and simulate various alternative strategies to deal with oil dependencies, such as an increase in the refinery capacity, and a shift from oil to gas in the transportation sector. This paper suggests that shifting from oil to gas in the transportation sector will be able to reduce oil dependency, while the alternative of increasing refinery capacity to 3 million barrel per day will be an opportunity to support greater short-term energy security and economic returns.

Keywords: Economy, econometric, energy, oil dependence, sustainable energy security
Molecular assessment of maize inbred lines (Zea mays L.) Using microsatellite markers
Authors: Maniruzzaman - , Azam MG , Islam S , Hossain MG , Rohman MM
Published: December 2018

Genetic diversity analysis and germplasm characterization are essential steps in plant breeding and molecular markers are proved tool to accomplish. The present study was undertaken at the Molecular Breeding Lab of Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) to determine the genetic relatedness and molecular characterization of 15 maize inbred lines of BARI. In present study, genetic diversity analysis was performed by using 10 SSR primers to evaluate the polymorphisms, among them six primers showed distinct polymorphism between the maize inbred lines. The maize genotypes E81, E144, E08, E167, E102, E142 and E121 were found more diverged (0.9003) compared to other inbred lines. On the other hand, the lowest genetic distance values (0.1501) were found between the genotype E140 and genotype E80 followed by genotype E126 and genotype E140; genotype E140 and genotype E65; genotype E65 and genotype E80 values were identical (0.4502). The genotypes viz. E81, E144, E08, E167, E102, E142 and E121 were found far away from centroid of the cluster and rest of the genotypes were placed around the centroid. The Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCO) helped to visualize four major clusters and showed that seven maize inbred lines (E81, E58, E08, E167, E102, E142 and E121) were far away from the other genotypes. In conclusion, SSR markers enabled discrimination among accessions and provided valuable information for future use in improvement of these genomic resources.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(4): 533-542, December 2018
Study of Outcome of Ischemic Stroke Patient With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Mallick Achinta Kumar , Uddin Md Kafil , Ali Md Ahmed , Kundu Pijus Kumar , Haque Sheikh Mohammad Emdadul , Sarkar Mukul Kumar , Alahi Md Munzur , Amin Md Pervez
Published: December 2018

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia and a major risk factor for ischemic stroke, especially in the elderly. Patients with nonvalvular AF have a 5-fold excess risk of stroke. However, population-based data are scarce in patients who have experienced a first-ever ischemic stroke in the presence of AF regarding long-term risk of stroke recurrence and case-fatality rate. Aim of the study is to find out the outcome of ischemic stroke patients with Atrial Fibrillation. It was a descriptive type cross sectional study where 125 diagnosed cases of ischemic stroke were included. Presence of atrial fibrillation was detected by electrocardiogram. They were divided into two groups – those with atrial fibrillation and those without. Comparison was done between the two group in term of recurrence, mortality and clinical improvement. Atrial fibrillation was present in 22 (17.6%) of 125 patients with ischemic stroke. Those with AF were more frequently male, aged 45 years and older. The presence of AF was associated with high 3 months (Χ2 =4.562, df = 1, p<0.05) and 6 months mortality (Χ2 =7.868, df = 1, p<0.05), with a higher stroke recurrence rate within the first 6 months follow-up (22.7% versus 7.8% (<0.05)). At 3 months follow up clinical deterioration was noted in 9.1% patient with atrial fibrillation compared to 2.9% patients who had no arrhythmia(p<0.01) and at 6 months follow up clinical deterioration was noted in 18.2% patient with atrial fibrillation compared to 4.9% patients who had no arrhythmia(p<0.01). Ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation had significant mortality within the study period compared to those without atrial fibrillation. Significant deterioration in clinical outcome was noted in atrial fibrillation group after six months. Recurrence was more in ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation. Multivariate linear regression analysis shows atrial fibrillation as well as CKD, Diabetes mellitus and smoking as independent risk factor for recurrence. In conclusion, patients who had an ischemic stroke with accompanying atrial fibrillation had higher mortality, grave stroke severity, more recurrences and poorer functional status than those without atrial fibrillation.TAJ 2015; 28(2): 1-6
Active Case Search of Kala-azar in an Endemic Area of Bangladesh:
Authors: Ghosh K , Haque M , Kafi A , Kabir S
Published: December 2018

Visceral Leishmaniasis which is also known as kala-azar is one of the most alarming vector borne Disease in Bangladesh. Kala-azar elimination program was launched in Bangladesh in the year 2008. The primary goal of this program is to decrease the burden of Visceral Leishmaniasis as much as possible. Active case search method are currently using for detection of Visceral Leishmaniasis patient in the community. The successful active case search activity or method lies in preventing and reducing Visceral Leishmaniasis in Bangladesh. The purpose of this study was to assess the Active Case Search activity of Visceral Leishmaniasis Elimination Program in selective endemic area in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was conducted within the time frame of 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2016 at different unions of Fulbaria upazila in Mymensingh district using purposive sampling technique according to availability of the respondents and data was collected with pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire by face to face interview. A total number of 111 respondents were enrolled in this study as per selection criteria. Among 111 respondent’s male were 71(64%) and female were 40(36%) and 36 (32.4%) were farmer, 29 (26.1%) were students of different classes, 20 (18%) women were housewife, 11 (9.9%) respondents were in service, 6 (5.4%) were day Laborer and 7 (6.3%) had other profession. Regarding housing status most of them {81(72.98%)} had the kacha housing and only a few respondents {3 (2.7%)} had pakka housing. According to the distance of cowshed or cattle house of the majority of the respondents 95(85.6%) were in the nearest location from living room (Less than 12 feet). Among 111 respondents most of them {78(70.3%)} suffered from kala-azar and 33(29.7%) not suffered from kala- azar in the study area and among these 78 respondents 62(77.5%) found Post kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (PKDL) spot on the body. Most of them 80(72.1%) stated that there was no regular routine visit of the health worker. 90 (81.1%) respondents mentioned that the frequency of Indoor Residual Spray (IRS) was once in a year and 21(18.9%) mentioned 2 times in a year. Among 111 respondents 78(70.27%) mentioned that last supply of Long Lasting Insecticide Net (LLIN) was more than 1 year ago,18(16.22%) mentioned before 6 month and 15(13.51%) before 1 year. This study permits to conclude that Active Case Search Activity of Visceral Leishmaniasis program in Bangladesh facing challenges due to lack of monitoring and supervision. Without strengthening of active case search activity, it is impossible to reach the goal.TAJ 2015; 28(2): 26-39
Combining Actigraph Link and PetPace Collar Data to Measure Activity, Proximity, and Physiological Responses in Freely Moving Dogs in a Natural Environment
Authors: Ortmeyer Heidi K. , Robey Lynda , McDonald Tara
Published: December 2018

Although several studies have examined the effects of an owner’s absence and presence on a dog’s physiological responses under experimental conditions over short periods of time (minutes), little is known about the effects of proximity between humans and freely moving dogs under natural conditions over longer periods of time (days). The first aim of our study was to determine whether the combined data generated from the PetPace Collar and Actigraph Link accelerometer provide reliable pulse, respiration, and heart rate variability results during sedentary, light-moderate, and vigorous bouts in 11 freely moving dogs in a foster caretaker environment over 10–15 days. The second aim was to determine the effects of proximity (absence and presence of caretaker) and distance (caretaker and dog within 0–2 m) on the dogs’ physiological responses. Aim 1 results: Pulse and respiration were higher during light-moderate bouts compared to sedentary bouts, and higher at rest while the dogs were standing and sitting vs. lying. Heart rate variability (HRV) was not different between activity levels or position. Aim 2 results: During sedentary bouts, pulse and respiration were higher, and HRV lower, when there was a proximity signal (caretaker present) compared to no proximity signal (caretaker absent). Using multiple regression models, we found that activity, position, distance, and signal presence were predictors of physiological response in individual dogs during sedentary bouts. Our results suggest that combining data collected from Actigraph GT9X and PetPace monitors will provide useful information, both collectively and individually, on dogs’ physiological responses during activity, in various positions, and in proximity to their human caretaker.
Regulation of Oxidative Stress in Corneal Endothelial Cells by Prdx6
Authors: Lovatt Matthew , Adnan Khadijah , Peh Gary S. L. , Mehta Jodhbir S.
Published: December 2018

The inner layer of the cornea, the corneal endothelium, is post-mitotic and unable to regenerate if damaged. The corneal endothelium is one of the most transplanted tissues in the body. Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is the leading indication for corneal endothelial transplantation. FECD is thought to be an age-dependent disorder, with a major component related to oxidative stress. Prdx6 is an antioxidant with particular affinity for repairing peroxidised cell membranes. To address the role of Prdx6 in corneal endothelial cells, we used a combination of biochemical and functional studies. Our data reveal that Prdx6 is expressed at unusually high levels at the plasma membrane of corneal endothelial cells. RNAi-mediated knockdown of Prdx6 revealed a role for Prdx6 in lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, following induction of oxidative stress with menadione, Prdx6-deficient cells had defective mitochondrial membrane potential and were more sensitive to cell death. These data reveal that Prdx6 is compartmentalised in corneal endothelial cells and has multiple functions to preserve cellular integrity.
Design and Experiment of a Variable Spray System for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Based on PID and PWM Control
Authors: Wen Sheng , Zhang Quanyong , Deng Jizhong , Lan Yubin , Yin Xuanchun , Shan Jian
Published: December 2018

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) variable-rate spraying technology, as the development direction of aviation for plant protection in the future, has been developed rapidly in recent years. In the actual agricultural production, the severity of plant diseases and insect pests varies in different locations. In order to reduce the waste of pesticides, pesticides should be applied according to the severity of pests, insects and weeds. On the basis of explaining the plant diseases and insect pests map in the target area, a pulse width modulation variable spray system is designed. Moreover, the STMicroelectronics-32 (STM32) chip is invoked as the core of the control system. The system combines with sensor technology to get the prescription value through real-time interpretation of prescription diagram in operation. Then, a pulse square wave with variable duty cycles is generated to adjust the flow rate. A closed-loop Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control algorithm is used to shorten the time of system reaching steady state. The results indicate that the deviation between volume and target traffic is stable, which is within 2.16%. When the duty cycle of the square wave is within the range of 40% to 100%, the flow range of the single nozzle varies from 0.16 L/min to 0.54 L/min. Variable spray operation under different spray requirements is achieved. The outdoor tests of variable spray system show that the variable spray system can adjust the flow rapidly according to the prescription value set in the prescription map. The proportion of actual droplet deposition and deposition density in the operation unit is consistent with the prescription value, which proves the effectiveness of the designed variable spray system.
“Gaming and the Arts of Storytelling” Introduction
Authors: Jayemanne Darshana
Published: December 2018

The title of this Special Issue of Arts makes use of some ambiguous terms: ‘gaming’ rather than ‘videogames’; the plural ‘arts’ rather than the singular ‘art’. [...]
Observed Trends and Changes in Temperature and Precipitation Extreme Indices over Myanmar
Authors: Sein Kyu Kyu , Chidthaisong Amnat , Oo Kyaw Lwin
Published: December 2018

Projected increase in frequency and severity of extreme events are important threat brought by climate change. Thus, there is a need to understand the dynamics and magnitude of climate extreme at local and regional level. This study examines the patterns of annual trends and changes of extreme daily temperature and precipitation in Myanmar for the period of 1981 to 2015 using the RClimDex 1.1 software. The trends of maximum and minimum temperature show significant warming trends (p < 0.001) across Myanmar. From 2009 to 2015, the maximum temperature anomaly has continuously increased by 0.5 °C for all years except 2011. The larger rise in both maximum and minimum temperature observed after 2000 suggests that, overall, days and nights are becoming hotter for the entirety of Myanmar over this recent period. Furthermore, our works also show that the temperature extreme indices of warm days and warm nights have increased, whereas the frequency of cool days and cool nights have decreased. Our analysis also reveals that increasing trends in precipitation anomaly were not significant during 1981–2015. On the contrary, slight increasing trends towards wetter conditions were observed with a rate of 76.52 mm/decade during the study period. The other precipitation extreme indicators—namely, annual total precipitation (PRCPTOT), heavy precipitation days (R20mm), extreme wet days precipitation (R99p), and consecutive wet days (CWD)—are consistent with warming trends. Additionally, the relationship between inter-annual variability in the climate extremes indices and Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) patterns was also examined with a focus on the influence of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon.
Towards Production of a Highly Catalytic and Stable Graphene-Wrapped Graphite Felt Electrode for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Mousavihashemi Seyedabolfazl , Murcia-López Sebastián , Hosseini Mir , Morante Joan , Flox Cristina
Published: December 2018

Despite the appealing features of vanadium redox flow batteries as a promising energy storage solution, the polarization losses, among other factors, prevent widespread applications. The dominant contribution to these polarization losses is the sluggish (even irreversible) electron-transfer towards reactions, leading to large over-potentials (poor rate capability). In particular, the positive half-cell reaction suffers from a complex mechanism since electron- and oxygen-transfer processes are key steps towards efficient kinetics. Thus, the positive reaction calls for electrodes with a large number of active sites, faster electron transfer, and excellent electrical properties. To face this issue, a graphene-wrapped graphite felt (GO-GF) electrode was synthesized by an electrospray process as a cost-effective and straightforward way, leading to a firm control of the GO-deposited layer-by-layer. The voltage value was optimized to produce a homogeneous deposition over a GF electrode after achieving a stable Taylor cone-jet. The GO-GF electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in order to elucidate the electrocatalytic properties. Both analyses reflect this excellent improvement by reducing the over-potentials, improving reversibility, and enhancing collected current density. These findings confirm that the GO-GF is a promising electrode for high-performance VRFB, overcoming the performance-limiting issues in a positive half-reaction.
Prototype of Mobile Device to Contribute to Urban Mobility of Visually Impaired People
Authors: Amorim Fabrício Rosa , Santil Fernando Luiz de Paula
Published: December 2018

Visually impaired people (VIP) feel a lack of aid for their facilitated urban mobility, mainly due to obstacles encountered on their routes. This paper describes the design of AudioMaps, a prototype of cartographic technology for mobile devices. AudioMaps was designed to register the descriptions and locations of points of interest. When a point is registered, the prototype inserts a georeferenced landmark on the screen (based on Google Maps). Then, if the AudioMaps position is next to (15 or 5 m from) the previously registered point, it sends by audio the missing distance and a description. For a preview, a test area located in Monte Carmelo, Brazil, was selected, and the light poles, street corners (name of streets forming the intersections), and crosswalks were registered in AudioMaps. A tactile model, produced manually, was used to form the first image of four sighted people and four VIP, who completed a navigation task in the tested area. The results indicate that both the tactile model and the audiovisual prototype can be used by both groups of participants. Above all, the prototype proved to be a viable and promising option for decision-making and spatial orientation in urban environments. New ways of presenting data to VIP or sighted people are described.
Regulation of Cellular Metabolism through Phase Separation of Enzymes
Authors: Prouteau Manoël , Loewith Robbie
Published: December 2018

Metabolism is the sum of the life-giving chemical processes that occur within a cell. Proper regulation of these processes is essential for all organisms to thrive and prosper. When external factors are too extreme, or if internal regulation is corrupted through genetic or epigenetic changes, metabolic homeostasis is no longer achievable and diseases such as metabolic syndrome or cancer, aging, and, ultimately, death ensue. Metabolic reactions are catalyzed by proteins, and the in vitro kinetic properties of these enzymes have been studied by biochemists for many decades. These efforts led to the appreciation that enzyme activities can be acutely regulated and that this regulation is critical to metabolic homeostasis. Regulation can be mediated through allosteric interactions with metabolites themselves or via post-translational modifications triggered by intracellular signal transduction pathways. More recently, enzyme regulation has attracted the attention of cell biologists who noticed that change in growth conditions often triggers the condensation of diffusely localized enzymes into one or more discrete foci, easily visible by light microscopy. This reorganization from a soluble to a condensed state is best described as a phase separation. As summarized in this review, stimulus-induced phase separation has now been observed for dozens of enzymes suggesting that this could represent a widespread mode of activity regulation, rather than, or in addition to, a storage form of temporarily superfluous enzymes. Building on our recent structure determination of TOROIDs (TORc1 Organized in Inhibited Domain), the condensate formed by the protein kinase Target Of Rapamycin Complex 1 (TORC1), we will highlight that the molecular organization of enzyme condensates can vary dramatically and that future work aimed at the structural characterization of enzyme condensates will be critical to understand how phase separation regulates enzyme activity and consequently metabolic homeostasis. This information may ultimately facilitate the design of strategies to target the assembly or disassembly of specific enzymes condensates as a therapeutic approach to restore metabolic homeostasis in certain diseases.
pH-Induced Folding of the Caspase-Cleaved Par-4 Tumor Suppressor: Evidence of Structure Outside of the Coiled Coil Domain
Authors: Clark Andrea , Ponniah Komala , Warden Meghan , Raitt Emily , Yawn Andrea , Pascal Steven
Published: December 2018

Prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4) is a 38 kDa largely intrinsically disordered tumor suppressor protein that functions in cancer cell apoptosis. Par-4 down-regulation is often observed in cancer while up-regulation is characteristic of neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease. Cleavage of Par-4 by caspase-3 activates tumor suppression via formation of an approximately 25 kDa fragment (cl-Par-4) that enters the nucleus and inhibits Bcl-2 and NF-ƙB, which function in pro-survival pathways. Here, we have investigated the structure of cl-Par-4 using biophysical techniques including circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and intrinsic tyrosine fluorescence. The results demonstrate pH-dependent folding of cl-Par-4, with high disorder and aggregation at neutral pH, but a largely folded, non-aggregated conformation at acidic pH.
Multi-Study Proteomic and Bioinformatic Identification of Molecular Overlap between Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)
Authors: Šoltić Darija , Bowerman Melissa , Stock Joanne , Shorrock Hannah K. , Gillingwater Thomas H. , Fuller Heidi R.
Published: December 2018

Unravelling the complex molecular pathways responsible for motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) remains a persistent challenge. Interest is growing in the potential molecular similarities between these two diseases, with the hope of better understanding disease pathology for the guidance of therapeutic development. The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of published proteomic studies of ALS and SMA, seeking commonly dysregulated molecules to be prioritized as future therapeutic targets. Fifteen proteins were found to be differentially expressed in two or more proteomic studies of both ALS and SMA, and bioinformatics analysis identified over-representation of proteins known to associate in vesicles and molecular pathways, including metabolism of proteins and vesicle-mediated transport—both of which converge on endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi trafficking processes. Calreticulin, a calcium-binding chaperone found in the ER, was associated with both pathways and we independently confirm that its expression was decreased in spinal cords from SMA and increased in spinal cords from ALS mice. Together, these findings offer significant insights into potential common targets that may help to guide the development of new therapies for both diseases.
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Noise Detection in Open-Plan Offices Using Recursive Partitioning
Authors: Iannace Gino , Ciaburro Giuseppe , Trematerra Amelia
Published: December 2018

Open-plan offices have lower construction costs, allowing for significant savings in space and, according to designers, facilitate communication between workers, thus, improving collaboration, as well as the exchange of ideas. For these reasons, this type of office has become widespread, while highlighting numerous limitations and various problems. These include the control of anthropic and electromechanical noise. In this study, measurements of the noise emitted by a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system were carried out in an open-plan office. The average spectral levels in a 1/3 octave band were compared through correlation analysis, to identify any redundant data. A model was then adapted to evaluate the importance of the variables, in order to classify the characteristics, by importance. To reduce the number of predictor variables, a selection analysis of the characteristics was carried out. A subset of predictors was extracted to be used to produce an accurate prediction model. Finally, a model based on recursive partitioning, to detect the operating conditions of an HVAC system, was developed and applied, so as to provide insights into the development and application of this technique, in these contexts. The high accuracy of the model (Accuracy = 0.9981) suggests the adoption of this tool for several applications.
Sensitization of Drug Resistant Cancer Cells: A Matter of Combination Therapy
Authors: Leary Meghan , Heerboth Sarah , Lapinska Karolina , Sarkar Sibaji
Published: December 2018

Cancer drug resistance is an enormous problem. It is responsible for most relapses in cancer patients following apparent remission after successful therapy. Understanding cancer relapse requires an understanding of the processes underlying cancer drug resistance. This article discusses the causes of cancer drug resistance, the current combination therapies, and the problems with the combination therapies. The rational design of combination therapy is warranted to improve the efficacy. These processes must be addressed by finding ways to sensitize the drug-resistant cancers cells to chemotherapy, and to prevent formation of drug resistant cancer cells. It is also necessary to prevent the formation of cancer progenitor cells by epigenetic mechanisms, as cancer progenitor cells are insensitive to standard therapies. In this article, we emphasize the role for the rational development of combination therapy, including epigenetic drugs, in achieving these goals.
The Impact of Tumor Eco-Evolution in Renal Cell Carcinoma Sampling
Authors: López-Fernández Estíbaliz , López José I.
Published: December 2018

Malignant tumors behave dynamically as cell communities governed by ecological principles. Massive sequencing tools are unveiling the true dimension of the heterogeneity of these communities along their evolution in most human neoplasms, clear cell renal cell carcinomas (CCRCC) included. Although initially thought to be purely stochastic processes, very recent genomic analyses have shown that temporal tumor evolution in CCRCC may follow some deterministic pathways that give rise to different clones and sub-clones randomly spatially distributed across the tumor. This fact makes each case unique, unrepeatable and unpredictable. Precise and complete molecular information is crucial for patients with cancer since it may help in establishing a personalized therapy. Intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) detection relies on the correctness of tumor sampling and this is part of the pathologist’s daily work. International protocols for tumor sampling are insufficient today. They were conceived decades ago, when ITH was not an issue, and have remained unchanged until now. Noteworthy, an alternative and more efficient sampling method for detecting ITH has been developed recently. This new method, called multisite tumor sampling (MSTS), is specifically addressed to large tumors that are impossible to be totally sampled, and represent an opportunity to improve ITH detection without extra costs.
Effect of the Molybdenum Substrate Shape on Mo2C Coating Electrodeposition
Authors: Dubrovskiy Anton , Makarova Olga , Kuznetsov Sergey
Published: December 2018

By electrochemical synthesis in the NaCl-KCl-Li2CO3 (1.5 wt.%)-Na2MoO4 (8.0 wt.%) melt on molybdenum, substrates with different configuration Mo2C coatings with the hexagonal lattice were obtained. The influence of the substrate form on the structure of Mo2C cathodic deposits was studied. The molybdenum carbide coatings on a molybdenum substrate (Mo2C/Mo) show a catalytic activity in the water–gas shift (WGS) reaction by at least three orders of magnitude higher than that of the bulk Mo2C phase. The catalytic activity remained constant during 500 h for the water–gas shift reaction.
Synthesis of Submicrocontainers with “Green” Biocide and Study of Their Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Aidarova Saule , Sharipova Altynay , Issayeva Assem , Mutaliyeva Botagoz , Tleuova Aiym , Grigoriev Dmitry , Kudasova Dariga , Dzhakasheva Madina , Miller Reinhard
Published: December 2018

The synthesis and properties of submicrocontainers with a shell of nanoparticles of silicon dioxide and a core of polymerized 3-(Trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate loaded with 5-Dichloro-2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (DCOIT) are considered. The resulting containers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy SEM, laser correlation spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The obtained submicrocontainers show low polydispersity with a small increase in size in comparison with the initial droplet size of the Pickering emulsion. The Zeta potential of the final containers was sufficiently negative at pH7 to be stable. The maximum release of encapsulated biocide was observed over approximately 24–27 h with a lease of about 78% of the encapsulated biocide during 3.5 h. The effectiveness of the encapsulated biocide by the Pickering emulsion technique was studied by tests on the growth rate of a microfungi colony (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus awamori) and the growth rate of the bacteria Bacillus cereus. The test shows that the submicrocontainers of DCOIT facilitate a growth inhibition of 70% against 52% for the free biocide after 5 days; this is due to the fact that free biocide loses its activity promptly, while the encapsulated biocide is released gradually, and thus retains its effectivity for a longer time.
Marine Heterobranchia (Gastropoda, Mollusca) in Bunaken National Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia—A Follow-Up Diversity Study
Authors: Eisenbarth Jan-Hendrik , Undap Nani , Papu Adelfia , Schillo Dorothee , Dialao Jobel , Reumschüssel Sven , Kaligis Fontje , Bara Robert , Schäberle Till , König Gabriele , Yonow Nathalie , Wägele Heike
Published: December 2018

Bunaken National Park has been surveyed for a fourth time in 14 years, in an attempt to establish the species composition of heterobranch sea slugs in a baseline study for monitoring programs and protection of this special park. These molluscs are potentially good indicators of the health of an ecosystem, as many are species-specific predators on a huge variety of marine benthic and sessile invertebrates from almost every taxonomic group. Additionally, they are known to contain bio-compounds of significance in the pharmaceutical industry. It is therefore of paramount importance not only to document the species composition from a zoogeographic point of view, but to assist in their protection for the future, both in terms of economics and aesthetics. These four surveys have documented more than 200 species, with an approximate 50% of each collection found only on that survey and not re-collected. Many species new to science have also been documented, highlighting the lack of knowledge in this field.