bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Utilization of Indigenous Plants to Mitigate Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases amongst Selected Rural Households of KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa
Authors: V. Mkwanazi Mbusiseni , Z. Ndlela Sithembile , Chimonyo Michael
Published: January 2023

The objective of the study was to explore IK used to control ticks and associated diseases. A structured questionnaire (n = 250) were administered randomly to collect IK amongst the households active in goat production. Challenges on the use of ethno veterinary plants were also captured using focus group discussions. There was an association between goat ownership and gender, males used IK (70%) more than their female counterparts. Ticks were ranked as the major ectoparasites affecting goat productivity. Amongst ticks, Amblyomma species were ranked as the most important. Cissus quadrangularis. Lin (32%), Gomphocarpus physocarpus E. Mey (27%) and Portulaca pilosa L. (25%) plants had the highest FL values for their use to control ticks. Four plant species were identified to treat goats against tick-borne diseases. Pittosporum viridiflorum Sims and Boophane disticha were reported to treat heart water. Aloe marlothii A.Berger and Erythrophleum africanum (Benth.) Harms plants cure anaplasmosis. Livestock farmers hold substantial knowledge of ethno-veterinary plants to control ticks and their associated challenges. More research is required to affirm the acaricidal properties claimed to promote and optimize sustainable use of these medicinal plants.
Assessment of Management and Breeding Practices among Indigenous Goat Farmers in a Tropical Humid Forest Zone
Authors: M.A. Jesuyon Oluwatosin , Boluwaji Oluwapelumi , Orunmuyi Modupe , A. Aganga Adeolu , I. Ogunjimi Sunday
Published: January 2023

The study was undertaken to assess indigenous breeding practices and structure of back-yard goat farming in humid tropical forest zone. Pretested questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect information from farmers in Ekiti, South-west Nigeria. Profile assessed were purpose, management, breeding and reproductive performances, disease prevalence, healthcare and challenges. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics of SPSS, Version 20.0. Bucks run with does on free-scavenging system, mature sexually at 6–10 months, while mature does settle for bucks from about 7 months (52, 44, %). Main goals of farmers were flock multiplication, meatiness and coat color (24, 11, 6, %). Breeding was by natural random mating. Prolificacy was 1–4 kids but resistance to diseases was low. Selection practices were lowly engaged (7.5%), although based on health status and fecundity (19 and 13, %) for bucks and does respectively. Vaccination knowledge was high (77%), but mortality was also high. Drenching, castration and dehorning were performed (47, 24 and 5, %). Official intervention on breeding and improvement was nil. Challenges of farmers were stealing and accidents (46%), diseases and poisons (14%), lack of organized backyard sector, and the poor management system. Intensification of ethnoveterinary practices could promote improved healthcare in backyard goat farming.
Introduction
Authors: Hunt Pamela
Published: January 2023

This chapter introduces the main themes and objectives for the book: it is an exploration of how and why expressions of rebellion in post-1989 Chinese fiction are repeatedly linked to a conservative representation of masculinity. The discussion is organised around three keywords: postsocialism, attitude, and masculinity. It first discusses the cultural logic of ambiguity, ‘messiness’ and marketization that is associated with postsocialism in China, before discussing the implications that this has for any discussion of literary ‘attitude’. It then discusses the concept of hegemonic and marginalized masculinities as well as the theoretical framework of wen-wu. This chapter also considers masculinity in contemporary China, providing a survey of the changes that have taken place in the post-Mao years and a discussion of historical cultural archetypes such as liumang and haohan that continue to echo throughout cultural production.
The Dense Scent of Hormones: Phallic Creativity in Feng Tang’s Beijing Trilogy
Authors: Hunt Pamela
Published: January 2023

This chapter considers the work of self-proclaimed ‘audacious’ author Feng Tang whose writing is often said to be infused with male hormones. Focusing on his semiautobiographical Beijing Trilogy, this chapter explores how body and text intertwine in Feng’s work, and asks what a supposedly ‘masculine’ form of writing might mean both for literary subversion and literary constructions of masculinity. Feng creates a form of masculinity out of three seemingly disparate strands: rebellion, sexual desire, and literary production. At the core of Feng’s audacious project is ‘phallic creativity’: a celebration of heterosexual virility, grotesque male bodies, and exuberant transgression. The implications of this literary construction, which Feng continues in his extra-literary appearances, is that rebellion relies upon heterosexual masculinity; it not only leads to but is reliant upon silent, compliant women.
The Right Road: The Han Han Phenomenon
Authors: Hunt Pamela
Published: January 2023

This chapter discusses the work of author, filmmaker and rally car driver Han Han. It considers the provocative attitude that he strikes both as artist and as a celebrity, drawing attention to the road discourse that permeates the Han Han phenomenon. After a discussion of his advertising campaigns, fiction and film, this chapter focuses on Han Han’s 2010 work 1988: I Want to Talk with the World. In this road novel Han creates a form of masculinity that is part Kerouac, part Water Margins–style hero. ‘Real’ manhood in Han’s work is equated with oppositional agency, adventurous mobility, male bonding, and the ability to seduce and save women in distress. Han Han’s exploration of masculinity, which often takes a transgressive pose, ultimately returns to longstanding, conservative gender ideals that rely on the relative silence and passivity of women.
Conclusion: Rebel Men
Authors: Hunt Pamela
Published: January 2023

This chapter summarises the main argument of the book: that many apparently transgressive or provocative male writers fall back on conservative gender positions in their literary expressions of resistance. Some of the motivations for this pattern can be found in the existing ‘cultural resources’ within China and beyond which link rebellion to hegemonic, misogynistic masculinity, as well as a tendency to turn to positions of authority in order to compensate for feelings of marginality. The chapter then discusses the possibility of seeing the figures under study as embodying specifically postsocialist masculinities, and the future directions that Chinese literary constructions of masculinity and attitude might take.
‘Expressing Himself in a Distinctive Way’
Authors: Hardie Alison
Published: January 2023

This chapter analyses themes of identity and authenticity in Ruan’s writing and his sensitivity to the conflict between appearance and reality. It illuminates the importance of self-representation in his poetic and dramatic composition as well as in his literary criticism and his travel journal. Analysis of his mature poetry demonstrates the strong influence of the Gongan school on the originality of his subject-matter and expression. An in-depth discussion of the illustrations commissioned by Ruan for the first edition of his play Spring Lantern Riddles shows how they reflect his views on personal identity and authenticity. Overall, the chapter shows that while Ruan shared a typical late-Ming interest in these issues highlighted by Yangming thought, in Ruan’s case they were fundamental to his creativity.
Conclusion
Authors: Hardie Alison
Published: January 2023

This short conclusion sums up the purpose and argument of the book, as a re-assessment of Ruan Dacheng’s life and work. It emphasises that his alleged close connection with Wei Zhongxian was a retrospective accusation mainly prompted by his harsh revenge on the Donglin and Fushe members at the Hongguang court for their role in his downfall and exclusion from office. It sums up how typical of the late-Ming literati elite his wide-ranging interests were, and calls for him to be re-valued not just as an important adherent of the Gongan school but as one of the Ming dynasty’s most outstanding poets and dramatists.
Introduction
Authors: Simmons Richard VanNess
Published: January 2023

This volume broadens understanding of the history of colloquial Chinese in the millennium following the age of Middle Chinese, from the seventh century onwards. The focus of the contributions is on the history of spoken Chinese and its reflection in the dialects, and its influences on the languages used and represented in texts. The chapters fall into two overlapping categories: “Chinese Dialects in Texts” examines textual reflections of the dialects and the nature of dialects and their influence in the texts; “Chinese Dialects and Their History” focuses on questions of language itself and how it evolved over time. The studies collectively reveal shared historical developments and related trends and influences that affected the dialects both internally and in their relationship to texts and the language of literature. The various chapters demonstrate that there was regular interaction between text and spoken Chinese that had a variety of effects on the composition of texts and on their reading or performance. While the spoken Mandarin koine was the dominant influence in the written vernacular, Wu, Min, and Cantonese also contributed to the tradition. Evolutionary developments in Mandarin also brought dramatic changes that are reflected in both the spoken and written traditions.
Vernacular Written Cantonese in the Twentieth Century
Authors: Chan Marjorie K. M.
Published: January 2023

Vernacular written Cantonese is part of a long and rich legacy in China of rendering into a written medium the vernacular language of a region for a reading public with varying degrees of literacy and education. Marjorie K. M. Chan explains in Chapter 2 that the use of written Cantonese in Hong Kong popular culture today—from the lyrics of Canto-pop in the 1970s onwards, to advertisements and printed media, and to handwritten and digitally-based written communication—did not develop in a vacuum. She traces the history of written vernacular Cantonese from the earliest extant, anonymous source in an 18th century love ballad, the Huajian Ji (likely a Ming dynasty work), to the present, focussing in particular on the vital role that Cantonese opera played in its spread, especially from its peak of popularity in the early decades of the 20th century through to the post–World War II decades.
The Demarcation of Western Mandarin and the Designation of the Chéngdū Dialect as Its Standard Form in Modern China
Authors: Chiba Kengo
Published: January 2023

In this chapter, Kengo CHIBA demonstrates that research and education influenced the development of the Chéngdū dialect as the dominant form of Western Mandarin. First, Joseph Edkins identified Western Mandarin and selected the Chéngdū dialect as the representative dialect. Second, a variety of dictionaries and textbooks on Western Mandarin were published by Western missionaries. This activity helped the augmentation of the legitimacy of the Chéngdū dialect. Third, the motivation for publishing was dialect education at the West China Union University which required teaching materials. Thus, a large variety of written materials were published in the dialect, which were then widely disseminated, providing the Chéngdū dialect with prestige and a foundation to serve as the regional Mandarin koine standard.
The Hénán Xìnyáng Dialect of 150 Years Ago
Authors: Xiǎodōng Huáng
Published: January 2023

As dialect islands preserve a number of ancient characteristics, they are of great significance in historical linguistic research. For example, we can use them to reconstruct the features of proto or ancestral dialects as well as deduce the period in which earlier dialects underwent phonological changes. In this chapter, HUÁNG Xiǎodōng considers the Hénán 河南 dialect islands in Jiāngsū 江蘇, Zhèjiāng 浙江, and Ānhuī 安徽 in comparison to the Hénán dialect of modern Xìnyáng 信陽. The comparison reveals the early common characteristics and features of the Hénán dialects in Guāngshān, Xīnxiàn and southern Luóshān and allows us to reconstruct the characteristics of their ancestral dialects of 150 years ago.
An Exploration of the Nature of Nánjīng Mandarin in the Míng Dynasty
Authors: Xiǎoyú Zēng
Published: January 2023

In the study of the history of Mandarin, the term ‘Nánjīng Mandarin’ (Nánjīng Guānhuà 南京官話) is key and is related to the underlying dialect source of Mandarin in the Míng. At present, there are two very different viewpoints regarding the standard speech of Mandarin in Míng dynasty (1368-1644). One point of view is that the standard language in the Míng was based on the Nánjīng dialect. Another is that the Nánjīng dialect could not be the source dialect of the standard language in the Míng, which was instead a southern (Jiāng-Huái) regional variant of the reading pronunciation of the Central Plains dialects. This chapter addresses the question through examination of seven transliteration systems, outlining the prestige and koine nature of Nánjīng Mandarin in the Míng. ZĒNG Xiǎoyú find that, while based on the Jiānghuái and Zhōngyuán Mandarin dialects (and in many ways parallel to Běijīng), the phonology of Nánjīng Mandarin in the Míng is a flexible dynamic system.
Language Use in the Chinese Community of Manila in the Seventeenth Century
Authors: Klöter Henning
Published: January 2023

In this chapter, Henning Klöter examines the spread of Mandarin in the Chinese community of Manila during the early seventeenth century. On the basis of historical sources such as handwritten dictionaries and letters it is argued that the Sinitic variety known as Southern Min or Hokkien was most widely used among the Chinese migrants. By contrast, it is evident that they had a very limited command of Mandarin. At the same time, however, they recognized the social prestige associated with Mandarin which was embodied by imperial officials when they occasionally visited the Chinese community. Against this backdrop, it is proposed to treat the sociolinguistic setting of the community as a special case of diglossia to be termed ‘occasional diglossia’.
The British in Seventeenth-Century Luso-Dutch Asia
Authors: Jackson Nicholas D.
Published: January 2023

An account of British ventures to the East in the late Tudor and early Stuart period. Relates and compares the East India Company’s and other British activities in Asia to those of the more powerful European imperialists, the Portuguese and Dutch. Describes the context and explains the origin of the Anglo-Portuguese entente, the Goa Convention of 1635, which facilitated the first visit of south China by a British (EIC) merchant ship. Concludes with an analysis of this first British ship, the London’s voyage to Macao and the Pearl River estuary in 1635.
Enter the Interlopers
Authors: Jackson Nicholas D.
Published: January 2023

Explains how Captain John Weddell, Nathaniel Mountney, and other East India Company captains and merchants joined in a new commercial organization, the Courteen Association, founded by Sir William Courteen. Relates the conflict between the EIC and Courteen Association which was resolved by King Charles I in favor of the Courteen Association. Provides an analysis of the composition and personnel of the Courteen enterprise as well as the rationale for Stuart government support. Summarizes the charter and prospectus of the Weddell expedition of the Courteen Association as it prepared to launch its fleet in the spring of 1636.
Welcome to China with Portuguese Characteristics
Authors: Jackson Nicholas D.
Published: January 2023

Arrival of the Courteen Fleet at Macao. First month of consultations with Portuguese municipal authorities and attempts to communicate with Chinese officials and merchants. Excursion of the pinnace Anne into the Pearl River to make contact with authorities in Canton. Account of the British suffering and struggles with lack of provisions.
Captives at Canton
Authors: Jackson Nicholas D.
Published: January 2023

Account of a British detachment’s trip up the Pearl River to visit Canton in order to meet and negotiate with the provincial authorities. Relates the discussion of trading arrangements made with the Chinese representative, Li Yerong (Paulo Noretti), and the several major commercial transactions which followed. Depicts the nearly catastrophic fire-ship attack upon the British fleet by the Chinese on 20 September. Relates the subsequent imprisonment of several British merchants in Canton by the Chinese authorities. Describes British skirmishes and raids upon Chinese vessels in the Bogue and demolition of the Chinese fort in the Pearl River.
Epilogue
Authors: Jackson Nicholas D.
Published: January 2023

Abstract and Keywords to be supplied.
Chiang Yee and British Ballet
Authors: Witchard Anne
Published: January 2023

As discussed by Anne Witchard, Chiang Yee was involved in the theatre, in addition to his many books, his art, and his poetry, and was at the heart of the wartime revival of ballet in Britain. In 1942, Chiang Yee was commissioned to design sets and costumes for the new ballet The Birds, which subsequently won many glowing reviews from critics. This overlooked episode in his career has much to tell us about his artistic versatility and his wider significance for British cultural life.
Chiang Yee in Wartime
Authors: French Paul
Published: January 2023

Paul French takes a look at Chiang Yee’s work during World War Two. Chiang’s various contributions to war-related propaganda speak both of his position in British society at the time and his attempts to draw parallels between the twin struggles of Britain and China against the Axis powers. Chiang’s The Silent Traveller in War Time (1939) sought to portray British resolution in the face of war. Critically, as argued by French, it also serves as an early example of propaganda work, documenting the wartime experience of solidarity, laughter in the face of adversity, and the ‘Blitz spirit’ under the threat of gas attacks and evacuation.
Navigating British Publishing and Finding an Anglophone Readership
Authors: Thorniley Tessa
Published: January 2023

Tessa Thorniley’s chapter considers the period during and shortly after the war, when Chinese writers in Britain were enjoying something of a heyday. At this time, a number of publishers who were sympathetic towards China helped them to find new readers and achieve a measure of literary acclaim. The chapter traces the rise to prominence of Chiang Yee, Hsiao Ch’ien, Chun-chan Yeh, Lo Hsiao Chien (Kenneth Lo, 1913–1995) and Tsui Chi, and their individual relationships with influential publishers.
Chiang Yee and the Hsiungs
Authors: Yeh Diana
Published: January 2023

Diana Yeh’s chapter explores Chiang Yee’s relationship with the Hsiungs, who, she maintains, were probably the most famous Chinese couple living in Britain during the 1930s. In discussing the major role that the Hsiungs, and Shih-I Hsiung in particular, played in both Chiang’s career and personal life, she highlights how their relationship was one of mutuality, solidarity, and conviviality as diasporic Chinese writers in Britain. However, as she further expounds, this fruitful friendship was also impacted severely by the economy of racial representation at the time, which admitted only a few Chinese artists or writers to visibility. She discusses how, by pitching them as competitors against one another, this economy ruptured solidarities and collective resistance, and eventually tore apart their fragile bonds and those of their wider circle of diasporic Chinese writers.
9 Shih-I Hsiung and Anglo-Chinese Films
Authors: Bevan Paul
Published: January 2023

In this chapter Paul Bevan explores a little-known aspect of the life of Shih-I Hsiung and his role as a screenwriter, specifically his collaboration with the showman Lai Foun. A simple but fundamental question is posed in this chapter: should Shih-I Hsiung’s Lady Precious Stream be seen as an example of serious drama—as it was often said to be at the time—or as the author’s own contribution to the populist, Orientalist world of Fu Manchu and other sensationalist films and novels about China, as it was recognised to be by a number of Hsiung’s compatriots who were active in his homeland during the 1930s?
A ‘Chinese Shelley’ in 1930s Britain
Authors: Ren Ke
Published: January 2023

Ren Ke’s chapter focusses on the Chinese writer and political activist Wang Lixi, who landed himself in political exile in England for opposing Chiang Kai-shek’s Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) regime. Adopting the English name Shelley Wang, he joined fellow Jiangxi natives Chiang Yee and Shih-I Hsiung to form a trio of displaced Chinese writers in London. The most politically engaged of the group, Wang Lixi travelled widely to gather support for China’s War of Resistance against Japan and became a key participant in transnational anti-fascist movements. At the same time, he established close relationships with British leftist writers and publishers. These connections resulted in a series of transcultural literary moments, such as the publication of Wang’s writings in Left Review, public salons in Dorset and Ulster, and the reading of Wang’s poems on the BBC.
Introduction
Authors: Rüland Anchalee
Published: January 2023

This Chapter introduces readers to the puzzle the book is concerned with, namely norm conflict as a decision-making problem. It proceeds with spelling out the research questions – how do states respond to norm conflict and why do they respond the way they do. It then walks the reader through the main literature and spells out the gap in the research. The Chapter summarizes the theoretical framework developed to explain response to norm conflict and introduces the response strategies that are later illustrated in the empirical chapters. It closes in walking the reader through a brief summary of the outline of the book.
Theorizing and Studying Response to Norm Conflict
Authors: Rüland Anchalee
Published: January 2023

This Chapter outlines the design of a theoretical framework for explaining response to norm conflict. It is comprised of five parts: (1) a theoretical discussion of norms, how they work and the decision-making problem that arises in situations of norm conflict; (2) an analysis of the logic of actions International Relations Theory (IRT) provides and their short-comings in explaining decision-making in situations of norm conflict; (3) the outline of a consequentialist, but socially embedded approach to norm following; (4) an overview of the universe of possible responses to norm conflict on the basis of a consequentialist, but socially embedded approach to norm following; and finally (5) a discussion of the methodology, including case selection and the research methods used for this study.
Commitment to the Norms
Authors: Rüland Anchalee
Published: January 2023

Chapter Two establishes the normative context in the three case study countries –Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia – which provides the foundation for identifying and studying responses to norm conflict. The chapter analyses the degree of commitment to the two norms in Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia by relying on a three-fold measure of norm commitment consisting of (1) formal norm adoption, (2) norm implementation, and (3) norm compliance. It highlights the sources that give rise to expectations for norm compliance at the domestic and international levels. In emphasizing the relevance of the domestic aspects of norm internalization, namely norm implementation and demonstrated commitment to a norm in practice, this study of norm conflict importantly differs from the bulk of norms research, which still mainly focuses on the international level, asking whether and why states formally adopt norms.
Strategic Norm Replacement in Thailand
Authors: Rüland Anchalee
Published: January 2023

Chapter Four analyses Thailand’s response to situations of gross human rights violations in Myanmar. It illustrates that the government opted for strategic norm replacement by privileging non-interference over human rights protection. This response reflects a strong domestic expectation in Thailand for a prioritization of non-interference that conflicted with international and (at times) regional expectations for human rights protection. In order to justify its silence in the face of extraterritorial human rights violations, thus appearing to undermine the general validity of the human rights protection norm within the region, the government justified its policy by appealing to its ‘special position’ in relation to Myanmar as a direct neighbor.
From Norm Reconciliation to Conflict Denial in Malaysia
Authors: Rüland Anchalee
Published: January 2023

Chapter Five assesses the way in which the Malaysian government dealt with human rights violations in Myanmar. It shows that over time the Malaysian government altered its strategy, as domestic expectations regarding norm compliance with human rights protection and non-interference changed. The shift in domestic expectations, reflected both the relatively low degree of internalization of human rights protection and promotion in Malaysia compared to Thailand and Indonesia, as well as the presence of a major domestic crisis that coincided with two of the three analyzed cases of human rights violations in Myanmar. Reflecting domestic expectations successive Malaysian governments first tried to reconcile the norms and later switched to a strategy of conflict denial. In doing so, the government challenged the predominant Western interpretation of the situations arguing that they were not cases of human rights violations but humanitarian disasters. It reframed the situation and in denying the existence of a norm conflict between non-interference and human rights protection the Malaysian government resolved the tension between the two norms in those particular instances.
The Changing Tide
Authors: Turley Alicestyne
Published: January 2023

Examines the new source of "radical" antislavery energy and inspiration generated by free blacks and escaped slaves who established. Budding black abolitionists cleared the path for adoption of a more radically aggressive antislavery campaigns that carried a black message of freedom to national and international audiences. Leadership of the AME Church developed new religious structures to address the specific needs and circumstances of free and enslaved black population. As a result, African Americans established separate church facilities, self-help organizations, and crafted their own freedom networks.
A Theory of Veteran Identity
Authors: Martin Travis L.
Published: January 2023

The first chapter sets the parameters for a close examination of veteran identity, explaining the theoretical approach used throughout the book. Literary and social theorists apply interdisciplinary concepts to a text. The text that needs to be examined in order to better understand veteran identity is the American unconscious. Humans see themselves as they believe others see them. Veterans are no exception. To understand veterans' homecoming experiences, it is necessary to explore the undercurrent of mythmaking that takes place in patriotic discourse. How do veterans see themselves through the eyes of others? How do these perceptions impact their wellbeing and social status in tangible ways? The symbolic functions of veterans within larger national narratives can be rewarding, but they can also be limiting. Specifically, this theory of veteran identity argues that returning veterans are presented with two stereotypes to perform in place of authentic, individualized forms of identity: the superficially praised "hero," and the peculiarly pitied "wounded warrior." Fortunately, veteran storytellers are working through this problem. They harness their symbolic authority, develop individualized versions of veteran identity for others to model, and define what it means to be a "veteran" in literature, artwork, and service to their home communities.
Introduction
Authors: Burhansstipanov Linda , Braun Kathryn L. , Kawakami Keilyn Leina‘ala
Published: January 2023

This chapter provides explanations of key words used throughout the book, including social determinants of health, health disparities, health equality, health equity, community engagement, and sustainability. It also includes maps showing the areas where American Indians, Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander populations live within the lands now occupied by the US. It summarizes key take-home messages from all of the chapters. These relate to the importance of data disaggregation and data ownership, to partnerships and the importance of taking time to build trust, the importance of tailoring of programs to fit Indigenous communities, the effective role of Native navigators in reducing health disparities, and the need to address social determinants of health and program sustainability.
Standing on the Shoulders of Our Ancestors
Authors: Joe Jennie R. , Burhansstipanov Linda , Ullrich Jessica Saniguq , Braun Kathryn L.
Published: January 2023

This chapter provides brief overviews on the history and current health status of the Indigenous Peoples living on the lands now occupied by the United States (US). These lands are now known as contiguous 48 US states on the North American continent, Alaska, Hawai'i, and the US-Affiliated Pacific Islands, including American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau. These histories have negatively affected the social determinants of health of Indigenous communities, and this has resulted in health disparities. This background is important for appreciating the resilience of Indigenous populations as they continue to confront and overcome issues embedded in horrific historical events.
Building Infrastructure, Increasing Capacity, and Improving Quality in Indigenous Health Systems
Authors: Burhansstipanov Linda , Braun Kathryn L. , Harjo Lisa D. , Cassel Kevin Darryl , Ka‘opua Lana Sue I. , Redwood Diana G. , Mitchell-Box Kristen , Peterson Erin , Solomon Teshia , Pingatore Noel L.
Published: January 2023

Although recognized by the US government, Indigenous communities continue to be significantly under-funded, under-developed, and/or under-resourced. This dearth of support contributes to insufficient organizational infrastructure and capacity in a number of areas, creating challenges for American Indian, Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander communities to thrive as equals with other US populations. This chapter describes three areas of infrastructure critical to operating health programs, including structures, workforce, and quality improvement. Examples are provided of community-engaged, infrastructure-strengthening programs undertaken by the Intertribal Council of Michigan, the Bad River Band of the Lake Superior Tribe of Chippewa Indians, a consortium of tribal communities in Arizona, the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, and the INSPIRE program in American Samoa.
Addressing Sexual Health in Indigenous Communities
Authors: Cruz May Rose I. Dela , Braun Kathryn L. , Lee Naomi R. , Clark Judith , Jessen Cornelia “Connie” , Shegog Ross , Duran Florence (Tinka) , Frerichs Leah
Published: January 2023

This chapter presents information on risk factors for teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, followed by prevalence data on teen pregnancy, chlamydia, gonorrhea, human-immunodeficiency virus, syphilis, and human papillomavirus (HPV) in American Indian, Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander populations. The chapter highlights two community-engaged interventions aimed at increasing vaccination against HPV, one in 18 Great Plains tribal nations and another with Native Hawaiians in Hawai'i. Also highlighted are two programs to increase sexual health knowledge and to reduce teen pregnancy in youth, one sponsored by the Healthy Native Youth Collaborative, which represents 295 tribes in Alaska, Arizona, and the Pacific Northwest, and the other in Chuuk, one of four states within the Federated States of Micronesia.
Cancer and Survivorship in American Indians and Alaska Natives
Authors: Burhansstipanov Linda , Braun Kathryn L. , Blanchard Jessica , Petereit Daniel , Olson Avery Keller , Sanderson Priscilla R. , Joshweseoma Lorencita , Hsu Chiu-Hiseh (Paul) , Batai Ken , Joshweseoma Lloyd , Russell Dana , Redwood Diana G. , Bauer Mark C.
Published: January 2023

The American Cancer Society (ACS) estimated more than 1.8 million new cancer cases in the US in 2020, and about 1.7 million cancer survivors. This chapter presents information on childhood, adolescent and young adult (AYA), and adult cancers in American Indians, Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders. Clinical trials are the best source for state-of-the art care, but Indigenous Peoples, especially Indigenous children and adolescents, are under-represented in cancer clinical trials. Community-engaged examples highlight a program in South Dakota to increase American Indian enrollment in clinical trials, a study to increase cancer screening among Hopi men, a website for Native cancer survivors, and a project to improve colorectal cancer screening among Alaska Natives.
Reducing Prediabetes and Diabetes
Authors: Gachupin Francine C. , Joe Jennie R. , Interpreter Christina L. , Ranjbar Noshene , Stinnett Christina (Kiki) , Tsark JoAnn ‘Umilani , Neer Marjoree , Braun Kathryn L.
Published: January 2023

Indigenous Peoples tend to have a higher prevalence of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) than Whites. Historically, it was an adult-onset disease, but it has increased substantially among children and adolescents, primarily due to increased poverty, food availability, and obesity in the US. Three examples are shared of Indigenous community-engaged interventions that demonstrate the importance of education and empowerment in the control of T2DM. These include an American Indian youth camp that educates children on diabetes prevention and control, a diabetes prevention program among the Toiyabe Indians of California, and a regional program to build community capacity in diabetes control among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders in Hawai'i and the US-Affiliated Pacific Islands.
Addressing Heart Disease in Indigenous Communities
Authors: Braun Kathryn L. , Tsark JoAnn ‘Umilani , Aluli Noa Emmett , Pearson Martha , O’Leary Marcia
Published: January 2023

Heart disease is the leading cause of death for adults in most racial and ethnic groups in the US. Tobacco use, poor diet, physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes are conditions that increase risk of heart disease. This chapter presents information on the prevalence of heart disease and its risk factors is American Indians, Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders compared with Whites. Presented are examples of three community-engaged programs to address heart disease and reduce its prevalence and impact, including the Strong Heart Study with American Indians in the Dakotas, the WISEWOMAN program with Alaska Natives in Southeast Alaska, and the community-engaged heart programs undertaking by and with Native Hawaiians on the island of Moloka'i.
LA ALFABETIZACIÓN FINANCIERA Y LAS CARACTERÍSTICAS SOCIODEMOGRÁFICAS DEL EMPRENDEDOR: UN ANÁLISIS DE LAS PEQUEÑAS EMPRESAS ESPAÑOLAS
Authors: Fernández-López Sara , Álvarez-Espiño Marcos , Rey-Ares Lucía
Published: January 2023

Las pequeñas empresas suponen la práctica totalidad del tejido empresarial español e internacional. Pese a que estos agentes son esenciales para la creación de empleo, también son los que más sufren la inestabilidad del contexto económico, en parte, por la moderada alfabetización financiera de sus gestores. Utilizando una muestra de 1.120 pequeñas empresas obtenida durante 2021, en este trabajo se hace un diagnóstico del nivel de alfabetización financiera de sus propietarios/gestores, a través del diseño de diferentes clústeres de naturaleza singular. A su vez, se relacionan esos niveles con las características sociodemográficas de los encuestados. Los resultados muestran aquellos conocimientos, actitudes y comportamientos financieros que pueden ser fortalecidos en las personas empresarias. En consonancia, esta investigación aporta algunas recomendaciones para mejorar la alfabetización financiera empresarial
El Partido Comunista de China y el Partido Comunista de España (1921-1956): entre revolución y readaptación
Authors: Del Río Morillas Miguel A.
Published: January 2023

El presente artículo presente realizar una aproximación a la historia de dos partidos alejados en el tempo político y el éxito, así como geográfica y culturalmente, como son el PCE y el PCC en sus efemérides de 100 año de existencia (1921-2021), aunque dándose más incidencia al caso del PCC. Asimismo, se cogerá como punto final del relato el XX Congreso del PCUS de 1956, el cual implicó un cambio de paradigma para el movimiento comunista internacional, siendo para el caso del PCE su materialización en la política de “Reconciliación Nacional” de 1956, mientras que para el caso del PCC representaría su alejamiento de una Unión Soviética (ejemplificado en la ruptura sino-soviética de 1959) con su definitiva apuesta por una vía china al socialismo, y al desarrollo económico, debatido en el VIII Congreso de septiembre de 1956.
Las transiciones del hispanismo contemporaneísta francés y el Bulletin d'Histoire Contemporaine de l'Espagne (1985-2010)
Authors: Alares López Gustavo
Published: January 2023

Desde su fundación en 1985, el Bulletin d'Histoire Contemporaine de l'Espagne ha sido uno de los principales órganos del hispanismo francés contemporaneísta. El presente artículo analiza la trayectoria de la revista, sus autores, nichos de extracción y enfoques historiográficos desarrollados en sus primeros veinticinco años de existencia.

Un Bulletin que ejemplifica las diversas transiciones del hispanismo contemporaneísta francés: desde su función como “hispanismo de sustitución” hasta el actual “hispanismo de acompañamiento”, o sus diversas transiciones historiográficas desde la historia social hacia la historia cultural y la nueva historia política.
Information Technology Soft Skills Training
Authors: Stewart Kristy Rae , Preiksaitis Michelle K.
Published: January 2023

Information technology (IT) professionals’ deficiencies in soft skills lead to decreased organizational performance. This qualitative inquiry project explored the perspectives of leaders and IT employees about effective soft-skills training practices. A conceptual framework was built on previous models (e-Leadership and soft-skills educational games design and CareerEDGE employability development), including workplace efficiency, elevated hiring expenses, training opportunities, employability, removal of traditional approaches, and customized training. The framework guided the creation of an interview protocol, and open-ended interviews of 10 IT professionals provided data. Thematic analysis led to six themes: organizational effects, hiring concerns, training concerns, IT challenges, training types, and designing soft-skills training. Effectively training IT professionals on soft skills may lead to higher productivity, customer and colleague satisfaction rates, and increased efficiencies.
Gamification in Transport Services and the Digital Divide
Authors: Caradaică Mihail
Published: January 2023

As far as an increasing number of scientists are warning us about the destructive potential of climate change, humanity is facing a tremendous technological revolution. Also, the potential of new technologies to decrease the carbon footprint is significant, but the transition is highly dependent on people’s choices and behaviour. This is why, a new way of motivating people around the world emerged: gamification. But, as good and innovative this idea seems to be, as many concerns it rises. Because the focus is mainly on technology, in this paper I will analyse the process of gamification through the lens of the digital divide. The concept was first used in the 1990s to describe the social and economic gap that emerged between those who had access to Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and those who did not. Today it is mainly focused on the possibility that people would become even more marginalized due to the lack of basic skills and the impossibility to afford the new technologies on the market. Consequently, my research question is: “Is it possible that the introduction of gamification in the field of transportation increases the digital divide?”. I will try to answer this question by analysing what categories of people are targeted by gamification in transportation services and which are those that could be excluded. Also, my approach is not limited to a specific country or global area, but is considering gamification and digital divide at an international level.
Learning Motivation Factors in Terms of the Role of Parents of Mentally Retarded Students at SLBS Sunan Muria
Authors: Siaka Ernia Siska , Nur Fajrie Nur Fajrie , Diana Ermawati Diana Ermawati
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the factors that affect learning motivation during the Covid-19 pandemic in terms of the participation of parents of mentally retarded students at SLBS Sunan Muria Kudus. This study used a qualitative approach with the type of case study research at SLBS Sunan Muria. The research subjects were 5 mentally retarded students, 5 parents and 1 class teacher. This case study research uses data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used the interactive model analysis techniques of Miles and Huberman (data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing). The validity test uses the triangulation technique. Motivation to learn is the overall driving force both from within and from outside the student. Learning motivation factors are divided into two, namely internal factors and external factors. The results of this study indicate that the factors that influence children's learning are more on the encouragement factor of learning enthusiasm given by parents to children
The Effect of Inquiry Learning Models on Students Learning Outcomes in Electronic Basic Lessons
Authors: Halimatu Ulfah Halimatu Ulfah , Ariep Jaenul Ariep Jaenul , Agung Pangestu Agung Pangestu , Dian Nugraha Dian Nugraha
Published: January 2023

Assessment of learning outcomes essentially aims to measure the success of learning carried out by the teacher as well as to measure the success of students in mastering predetermined competencies. Learning outcomes can be said to be successful if most of the students' scores get scores on the KKM. At the time of observation in the Basic Electrical Electronics subject, it was found that around 19 students got scores that were still below the KKM during midterm tests. This study aims to obtain information related to an increase in learning outcomes in Basic Electrical Electronics in the competence of explaining and using electronic measuring instruments. This study used an experimental research method with a one-group model and used the pre-test and post-test methods as a means of comparison testing with a population of 10th grade students at one of the private vocational schools majoring in Industrial Electronic Engineering in the Bekasi area and a sample of 34 class 10 students majoring in Industrial Electronics Engineering. The results of the study can be concluded that there is a positive influence on the inquiry learning model on student learning outcomes in the Basic Electrical Electronics subject and dk = 33 is 2.445.
PENGARUH MANAJEMEN SEKOLAH, GURU, SARANA PRASARANA TERHADAP KEPUASAN SISWA
Authors: Dahrial Dahrial
Published: January 2023

Abstrak: Sekolah merupakan salah satu dari bagian toko sentral untuk perubahan pendidikan dalam menciptakan manusia sehingga akan lahir generasi terdidik. Namun tentu tidak terlepas dari peranan guru sebagai pendidik dan diikuti sarana dan prasaran serta manajemen sekolah sehingga siswa akan merasa nyaman dan mencapai keberasilan dalam menuntut ilmu. Sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel bebas terhadap variabel terikat. Maka jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penjelasan (explanatory). Populasi adalah keseluruhan unsur amatan dalam penelitian, sedangkan sampel adalah himpunan bagian dari keseluruhan unsur amatan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah para siswa SMP di Kecamatan Tembilahan Hulu yang secara operasional terlibat dalam kegiatan operasional sehari-hari. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling,yaitu sampel ditetapkan oleh peneliti dengan kriteria siswa ranking pertama si sekolah masing-masing pada tahun pelajaran. Hasil penelitian Secara bersama-sama variabel manajemen sekolah, guru, dan sarana prasarana berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan siswa SMP Negeri Se kecamatan Tembilahan Hulu. Berdasarkan nilai koefisien determinasi diketahui bahwa koefisien sarana prasarana, guru dan manajemen sekolah berpengaruh 32.4% terhadap kepuasan siswa, sedangkan sisanya 67.6% dipengaruhi oleh variable – variable lain. Secara parsial variabel sarana dan manajemen sekolah berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap kepuasan siswa, sedangkan guru  tidak berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap kepuasan siswa di SMP Negeri sekecamatan Tembilahan Hulu. Sarana Prasarana mempunyai pengaruh dominan terhadap kepuasan siswa SMP Negeri Se-kecamatan Tembilahan Hulu .
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SAINTIFIK TIPE DISCOVERY LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI IPS 1 MAN 2 KOTA PADANG
Authors: Desmulyani Desmulyani
Published: January 2023

This study aims firstly to explain the increase students' learning motivation, secondly to find out the increase students learning outcomes after learning mathematics using a scientific model with discovery learning type. The research was conducted at MAN 2 Kota Padang  Jalan Gajah Mada no. 100, Padang Utara district. The subjects of this study were students of class XI IPS 1 Man 2 Kota Padang  in the second semester of the 2019/2020 academic year, consisted of 35 people with 19 males and 16 females.The type of this research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) which was carried out in two cycles, each cycle consists of two meetings. The results of the study is first, the implementation of learning using a scientific model with discovery learning type, in the first cycle, it is worth 66.7 and in the second cycle it is 83.3 with a good category; second, questionnaire data about students' mathematics learning motivation, in cycle, I it is worth 78.7 and in cycle II, it is worth 85.2. It means there is an increase of 6.5 points; third, data on students' mathematics learning outcomes, in cycle I obtained an average value of 70 ,8 with classical completeness 51.4% and in the cycle II,  the average value is 81.9 with classical completeness 80%, means that there is an increase in learning outcomes of 11.1 points.In conclusion, the discovery learning model can increase the motivation and mathematics learning outcomes of students in class XI IPS 1 MAN 2 Kota Padang.