bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in China and its provinces, 1990–2021: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors: Tian Wei , Yan Guangcan , Xiong Shangzhi , Zhang Jing , Peng Junyi , Zhang Xinyi , Zhou Yuanzhong , Liu Tao , Zhang Yafeng , Ye Pengpeng , Zhao Wenran , Tian Maoyi
Published: January 2025

Background

Depressive and anxiety disorders constitute a major component of the disease burden of mental disorders in China.

Aims

To comprehensively evaluate the disease burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in China.

Method

The raw data is sourced from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021. This study presented the disease burden by prevalence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of depressive and anxiety disorders at both the national and provincial levels in China from 1990 to 2021, and by gender (referred to as 'sex' in the GBD 2021) and age.

Results

From 1990 to 2021, the number of depressive disorder cases (from 34.4 to 53.1 million) and anxiety disorders (from 40.5 to 53.1 million) increased by 54% (95% uncertainty intervals: 43.9, 65.3) and 31.2% (19.9, 43.8), respectively. The age-standardised prevalence rate of depressive disorders decreased by 6.4% (2.9, 10.4), from 3071.8 to 2875.7 per 100 000 persons, while the prevalence of anxiety disorders remained stable. COVID-19 had a significant adverse impact on both conditions. There was considerable variability in the disease burden across genders, age groups, provinces and temporal trends. DALYs showed similar patterns.

Conclusion

The burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in China has been rising over the past three decades, with a larger increase during COVID-19. There is notable variability in disease burden across genders, age groups and provinces, which are important factors for the government and policymakers when developing intervention strategies. Additionally, the government and health authorities should consider the potential impact of public health emergencies on the burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in future efforts.
Investigating the associations between personality functioning, cognitive biases, and (non-)perceptive clinical high-risk symptoms of psychosis in the community
Authors: Rinaldi Giulia , Lerch Stefan , Schultze-Lutter Frauke , Schmidt Stefanie Julia , Cavelti Marialuisa , Kaess Michael , Michel Chantal
Published: January 2025

Background

Beyond psychosis prediction, clinical high-risk (CHR-P) symptoms show clinical relevance by their association with functional impairments and psychopathology, including personality pathology. Impaired personality functioning is prioritized in recent dimensional personality disorder models (DSM-5, ICD-11), yet underexplored in CHR-P, as are associations with cognitive biases, which early studies indicate as possibly linking CHR-P-symptoms and personality pathology.

Methods

A community sample (N = 444, 17–60 years, 61.8% female) was assessed via clinical telephone interview and online questionnaires. Using zero-inflated Poisson models, we explored associations of personality functioning, cognitive biases, current psychopathology, and psychosocial functioning with likelihood and severity of overall CHR-P, as well as perceptive (per-) and non-perceptive (nonper-)CHR-P-symptoms distinctly.

Results

Higher nonper-CHR-P-symptom likelihood was associated with more impaired personality functioning and psychosocial functioning, while more severe cognitive biases were associated with higher CHR-P- and per-CHR-P-symptom likelihood, alongside higher CHR-P- and nonper-CHR-P-symptom severity. Further, more axis-I diagnoses were linked to higher CHR-P-, per-CHR-P-, and nonper-CHR-P-symptom likelihood, and younger age to higher CHR-P- and per-CHR-P-symptom severity, with CHR-P-symptom severity appearing higher in females. In an exploratory analysis, personality functioning elements identity and self-direction, and cognitive biases dichotomous thinking, emotional reasoning, and catastrophizing, respectively, showed multifaceted associations with nonper-CHR-P-symptom likelihood and overall CHR-P-symptom expression.

Conclusions

Our study supports the association of CHR-P-symptoms with multiple mental health factors. Findings suggest intricate associations between personality functioning impairments and cognitive biases with CHR-P-symptom expression in non-help-seeking populations, possibly contributing to different per-CHR-P- and nonper-CHR-P-symptom expression patterns. Therefore, they should be targeted in future longitudinal studies, aiming at better understanding CHR-P-manifestations to inform preventive intervention.
It Is You and Allah
Authors: Alkorani Joud
Published: January 2025

This article examines how Muslim women living in Dubai are invited into a distinct relationship with God. Highlighting the role of God in constituting the self, it complicates narratives of self-making that presume a bounded and agentive self, as seen in prior accounts of Islamic piety and neoliberal subjectivity. Through the accounts of women attending Al-Noor Islamic Center, the centrality of God to self-making—“Godly self-making”—becomes apparent. It is by way of God that women make sense of their own selves and interactions with others—and by way of others that they make sense of God. This Godly self-making is entrenched within the circumstances in which it transpires, shaped by Dubai's present-day socioeconomic and political dynamics. As a result, it is premised upon three elements: 1) a personal connection with God; 2) a pious self produced through continuous divine tests; and 3) an emphasis on tawakkul (reliance) upon God. In all three elements, the agency, role, and responsibility of other humans and institutions in shaping one's world are backgrounded, obscuring the politics inherent to divine-human relations and the power struggles that suffuse such exchanges.
Recovering a Hindu Tradition
Authors: Gandhi Supriya
Published: January 2025

Around 1867, North Indian religious reformer Kanhaiyalal Alakhdhari completed a translation into Urdu of fifty-two Upanishads. Alakhdhari, who later played a key role in establishing the Arya Samaj in the Punjab, wished for Hindus to emulate Christians and Muslims in giving centrality to their sacred texts. His translation was based on the Persian Sirr-i akbar produced by the Mughal prince Dara Shukoh (d. 1659), who had claimed that the Upanishads held the key to the Quran's mysteries. How did this imperial project of translation infused with an Islamic interpretive framework come to inform a Hindu revivalist project in the nineteenth century? Through examining Alakhdhari's career and writings, this article explores the entangled histories of Mughal Indology and colonial-era public Hinduism. Alakhdhari's oeuvre illuminates overlooked strands of the genealogy of modern Hinduism: namely, the production of Persian Indological writings during Mughal as well as colonial rule, and the emergence of an Urdu public sphere for Hindus of nineteenth-century North India, especially in the Punjab.
Schisms in the History of Hindu Law
Authors: Srikantan Geetanjali
Published: January 2025

It has been well documented that the marriage, inheritance, and succession laws of Hindus as a religious community in India are a product of British colonial intervention and engagement with Sanskritic legal traditions. However, what has been relatively ignored are the writings and the views of colonial administrator James Henry Nelson on the lack of a Brahmanical Hindu law in the Madras Presidency. Nelson's controversial viewpoints brought him into confrontation with Justice Lewis Charles Innes, a Madras High Court judge. The elements of this confrontation lays bare the fractured nature of Hindu law and its dependence on colonial legal conceptions. This article sheds light on the jurisprudential basis of this debate and concludes by looking at the consequences for Hindu law as a legal entity.
Out of the Ground
Authors: Saleh Elizabeth
Published: January 2025

This article thinks ethnographically with phylloxera, an insect with a lethal proclivity for Vitis vinifera. The infamous louse traveled from North America to Eurasia during the nineteenth century. Fatefully, this tiny bug's journey to Lebanon overlapped with the Jesuit Return Mission to the Orient, which began in 1831. Around 1882, Jesuits successfully imported “French” grape vines that would eventually displace local varieties as well as the bodies of knowledge and taxonomies about them. The tiny bug, barely visible to the naked eye, crept into Jesuit correspondence about these plantations. Creepy-crawly feelings of phylloxera also plagued the oral histories and conversations of residents across the Bekaa Valley that the author documented during fieldwork between 2006 and 2008. By examining these entwined disjointed feelings forged over generations, the article explores how humans and bugs appeared to one another as they sensed dislocating worlds that surfaced in the political afterlife of colonialism. By doing so, it traces the seemingly incorporeal legacy of the Jesuits across Lebanon's viniculture landscape to a colonial logic aimed at generating life in terms of its properties.
The Formation of a Waliullahi Public in Eighteenth-Century India
Authors: Morgan Daniel Jacobius
Published: January 2025

Shah Waliullah of Delhi, the famous eighteenth-century Naqshbandi, is widely recognized as a major figure in the emergence of Islamic reformist discourse in South Asia, but we still have little sense of the first audiences who engaged with his ideas. This article seeks to further our understanding of the crystallization of this reform-oriented Waliullahi public by recreating the fragmentary biography of his lifelong companion and disciple Nurullah Budhanwi. While he didn't write any books that survive, accounts of Nurullah's life and reports of his oral statements are scattered throughout texts produced by Waliullah's circle, and provide insight into the conflicting intellectual, ethical, and affective responses to Waliullah's thought in his own lifetime. This article demonstrates that Nurullah felt deep concern about what his acceptance of Waliullahi reformist ideas might mean for his material and spiritual life, suggesting that the formation of this new reform-oriented public was a fraught process entailing contestation and negotiation. Nurullah's biography shows us that intellectual histories that rely on discussions of abstract ideas of famous thinkers or the simplistic reconstruction of scholarly networks fail to do justice to the complex life of ideas in the world.
Afterword
Authors: Moll Yasmin
Published: January 2025

How should we understand the complex and often contradictory role the other-and-more-than-human occupies in the lives and imaginations of people in the Middle East? Adopting a self-consciously post-secular stance on this question, the contributors of this special section convincingly show the theoretical and narrative possibilities of methodological attunement to the other-worldly and transcendent, to the divine. As I finished reading the section, I was struck by how the ethnographic task of reckoning with God seemed to end up meaning mostly reckoning with theology, with people talking about God. But if to take God seriously anthropologically is above all to pay attention to how our interlocutors themselves take God seriously as they grapple with the range of social, political and economic forces shaping their lives, where does that leave the issue's broader aim of going beyond an anthropocentric anthropology?
Descrição das causas de adoecimento dos beneficiários de um plano de saúde em telemonitoramento durante a pandemia do COVID-19
Authors: Santos Vanessa Mirtiany Freire dos , Lima Joyce Kelly da Silva , Albuquerque Sarah Cardoso de , Nunes Suian Sávia , Rocha Luiza Caroline Oliveira , Santos Ana Caroline Melo dos
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: descrever o perfil das causas de adoecimento de uma população percebida em telemonitoramento na pandemia de 2021. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo secundário, observacional, do tipo descritivo, realizado em uma operadora de saúde na cidade de Arapiraca/AL. Resultados: o presente estudo teve o total de 185 alertas de pronto-socorro, dentro do tempo da pesquisa, sendo possível realizar com sucesso 94 TLM de saúde, e, entre esses, quatro foram inativados do plano de saúde durante a pesquisa e 91 não atenderam as ligações ou os contatos estavam indisponíveis. As queixas principais presentes na pesquisa foram: sintomas de gripe e resfriado (n= 30; 27%), dor abdominal (n= 10; 9%), picos hipertensivos (n= 8; 7.2%), queixas articulares (n= 5; 4.5%), dor de cabeça (n= 5; 4.5%) e dores musculares (n= 5; 4.5%). Conclusão: percebeu-se que o conhecimento e a valorização da importância do telemonitoramento de saúde são escassos entre a população estudada, tendo em vista a grande quantidade de indisponibilidade dos contatos telefônicos.
Serum Neuropeptide FFR2 is increased in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia and associated with pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Taş Ümmü , Taş Sedat , Küme Tuncay , Yılmaz Özgür
Published: January 2025

Objectives: NPFFR2 is a biomarker produced by the placenta during pregnancy and is thought to be associated with in various physiological processes, including pain modulation, opioid receptor regulation, and cardiovascular function. Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a major public health concern due to its links with cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Consequently, timely diagnosis and efficient management of PE are essential for both maternal and neonatal health. This study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of neuropeptide FFR2 (NPFFR2), echocardiographic evaluation results, and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with and without PE.
Methods: This is a prospective case-control study. It included 94 pregnant participants who applied to Manisa City Hospital between October 2021 to January 2023 and were grouped into women with PE (n = 47) and those without PE (n = 47). Biochemical and NPFFR2 analyses were performed using the blood samples collected from all participants, along with echocardiography and 24 hours. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant
Results: The study group comprised 94 pregnant women with a mean age of 29.2 years and mean gestational age of 27.6 weeks. The preeclampsia group had a significantly higher NPFFR2 levels, lower gestational age at birth and higher all 24-hours ABPM findings. The left atrial-to-aortic ratio and right ventricle myocardial performance index were significantly higher and EA ratio was significantly lower in the preeclampsia group than in the control group. NPFFR2, gestational age at birth, LDL cholesterol, and body mass index were found to be independently associated with neonatal intensive care unit admission.
Conclusions: The women with PE presented with increased serum NPFFR2 levels and the prognosis of pregnancy was associated with NPFFR2 levels.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.10591
How to cite this: Tas U, Tas S, Kume T, Yilmaz O. Serum Neuropeptide FFR2 is increased in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia and associated with pregnancy outcomes. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(2):378-383. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.10591
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The The relationship between allergic diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders in children enrolled in primary healthcare
Authors: Güçlü Yusuf Adnan , Erkoyun Erdem , Çelik Selçuk Sinan , Can Demet
Published: January 2025

Background and Objective: The prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) and allergic diseases(ADs) has increased in recent years. This study aimed to analyse the association between them among children registered at primary healthcare units in Izmir.
Methods: For this retrospective cross-sectional study, primary healthcare units in Izmir were selected by randomisation conducted between January 1, 2023 and December 31, 2023. The dependent variables are attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The risk factors are respiratory allergies and skin allergies. Logistic regression models were adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic level.
Results: There were 20,557 children registered in 26 primary healthcare units. Skin allergy was detected in 7.8%, respiratory allergy in 6.8%, ADHD in 1.2% and ASD in 0.0%. ADHD comorbidity was found to be high in both children with respiratory allergies and children with skin allergies (p<0.001). The rate of ASD comorbidity was 1.8% in boys with respiratory allergies and 1.6% in boys with skin allergies (p>0.01). The analysis could not be performed due to the low number of girls with ASD. The logistic regression models showed a higher odds ratio for respiratory allergies (OR:6.2, 95% CI: 4.6-8.3) than for skin allergies (OR:2.2, 95% CI: 1.5-3.2) for ADHD.
Conclusion: It would be beneficial to increase awareness among healthcare providers and parents about the co-occurrence of NDs and ADs.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.10691
How to cite this: Guclu YA, Erkoyun E, Celik SS, Can D. The relationship between allergic diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders in children enrolled in primary healthcare. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(2):404-408. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.10691
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The effect of Schroth Therapy combined with spinal manipulation for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Chen He , Zhang Chaonan
Published: January 2025

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Schroth method combined with spinal manipulation treatment in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).
Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study performed between January 2023 and February 2024, in which 150 patients with AIS were treated with Schroth method with or without spinal manipulation at Wenzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital. Patients were classified into a study group and a control group with 50 patients in each group after screening. Intervention effects, maximum Cobb angle, clavicle angle before and after the treatment, trunk rotation angle, vertebral rotation angle, and lumbar range of motion (range of motion for lumbar extension and flexion) were compared between the two groups.
Results: The overall efficacy of intervention in the study group was higher than that in the control group (96.00% versus 84.00%) (P<0.05). After the treatment, the maximum Cobb angle, clavicle angle, angle of trunk rotation (ATR), and vertebral rotation angle of the two groups decreased compared to pretreatment levels and were significantly smaller in the study group compared to the control group (P<0.05). After the treatment, the degree of lumbar extension and flexion in both groups increased compared to before treatment and was markedly greater in the study group (P<0.05).
Conclusions: In patients with AIS, combining the Schroth method and spinal manipulation treatment was more effective in reducing the maximum Cobb and clavicle angles, trunk rotation angle, and vertebral rotation angle and restoring the lumbar range of motion compared to the Schroth method alone.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.11355
How to cite this: Chen H, Zhang C. The effect of Schroth Therapy combined with spinal manipulation for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(2):409-414. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.11355
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Relationship between children’s autism spectrum disorder and parental anxiety and burnout
Authors: Mahrukh Akram  , Syed Muhammad Zulfiqar Hyder Naqvi  , Nazia Jameel
Published: January 2025

Objective: To determine the association between children’s autism spectrum disorder with parental anxiety and burnout in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Baqai Institute of Health Sciences, Baqai Medical University from December 2022, to November, 2023. Data collection was performed at three rehabilitation centers for autistic children in Karachi. The study population consisted of parents of autistic children. GAD-7 and Parental Burnout Assessment scales were used to assess the anxiety and burnout level among parents. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.
Results: The study results showed that 49 (24.5%) parents had moderate anxiety while 38 (19.0%) had severe anxiety. Besides, 36 (18.0%) of them were at risk of burnout while 8 (4.0%) were diagnosed with burnout. Furthermore, gender of child (p=0.01), father’s age (p=0.015) and type of family (p=0.001) were significantly associated with the anxiety level whereas father’s age (p=0.036), father’s education (p=0.006) and type of family (p=0.046) were significantly associated with the burnout level of the parents.
Conclusion: This study results showed significant association of certain child and parental characteristics such as child’s gender, father’s age and type of family with parental anxiety level and of father’s age, father’s education and type of family with parental burnout.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.9979
How to cite this: Akram M, Naqvi SMZH, Jameel N. Relationship between children’s autism spectrum disorder and parental anxiety and burnout. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(2):366-371. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.9979
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The European open science cloud as a common good Potentials and limitations of this endeavour
Authors: Bertelli Anna , Acciai Melania , Rossi Giorgio
Published: January 2025

The European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) is envisioned as a transformative platform for advancing Open Science, aimed at benefiting a diverse array of stakeholders, including researchers, innovators, institutions, and the broader public. To fully harness EOSC’s potential as a common good, capable of delivering services to the research community such to potentially transform the way scientific production and communication is done, we address critical barriers that may actually restrict the equitable access and the optimal use of such services. In particular, we emphasize that key resources as required to access and exploit EOSC’s advanced FAIR-data services – such as data-processing algorithms – are, in fact, intrinsically limited and the access will be competitive. Governance and funding of EOSC present challenges associated with its effective openness in terms of accessibility to resources for its advanced exploitation.
THE INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL FACTORS ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ORGANIZATION’S MANAGEMENT
Authors: Belikova D. , Panin V. , Belova O.
Published: January 2025

This article raises the issues of the effectiveness of the organization’s management, the influence of many factors of the organization on employees and the development of the organization. The external and internal factors of the organization are being clarified. It is noted that it is necessary to take into account a number of key characteristics of environmental factors: their interconnectedness, complexity, development, variability and uncertainty. The internal environment of a company is considered as a set of factors that influence its competitive position and financial results within corporate boundaries. The result of the analysis of the internal environment of the company, the importance of its resources, abilities and competencies is noted. The main recommendations for improving the effectiveness of the organization’s management are formulated. The need for interaction with suppliers, competitors and “contact audiences” was noted, combining efforts to create new products and better meet customer needs. The dependence of business success on the ability of management to effectively manage all factors, adapt to changes in the external environment and constantly improve its processes is noted. The necessity of competent management is considered not only in matters of strategic planning, but also operational management, staff motivation, task control and execution, and the ability to make decisions in conditions of uncertainty.
CO-WORKING AS A FORM OF METHODOLOGICAL WORK WITH YOUNG PROFESSIONALS
Authors: Brashko E. , Brashko I. , Lazarev V. , Partina A.
Published: January 2025

The study tested the method of methodological co-working for working with young specialists who first joined the educational organization. The purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of this approach to identify professional opportunities and demands of new employees, as well as their involvement in the innovative activities of the organization. Five young professionals and their mentors participated in the co-workshop. According to the results of the first year of work, all participants fulfilled the set tasks, formulated their goals and preferred trajectories of development, which allowed the administration to compare their expectations with the capabilities of the organization. In the future, the specialists will be monitored and the method is planned to be used annually for all new employees, including experienced workers.
DIGITALIZATION IN HR MANAGEMENT: PRACTICAL ASPECT
Authors: Balashova N. , Dement'eva A.
Published: January 2025

The relevance of digitalization in the management of an organization is obvious today. Improving many processes based on the use of digital technologies has proven its effectiveness. However, the use of innovative methods in personnel management remains a poorly developed area.

The purpose of this study is to study the possibilities of using digital technologies in personnel management.

The article presents a description of issues related to the organization and use of digital technologies. Namely, the functions of employees associated with the use of automated programs are studied, regulatory documents governing the activities of personnel are considered. The study, conducted on the basis of an analysis of personnel management activities, made it possible to develop specific recommendations for the implementation of digital technologies in the personnel management process.

When writing the article, the results of leading companies were analyzed, and previous developments of the authors were also used. The methodological basis of the study was a systematic approach, comparison and classification, and the timekeeping method was used when studying the costs of working time. The result of the work was the development of a chat bot for employees, a memo on the use of the SNPO “Portal Knowledge Base”, recommendations for conducting a master class when implementing KEDO and recommendations for using AI for individual HR functions. The authors also studied the time costs of employees before and after the implementation of the chat bot and AI. The economic and social effect after the implementation of developments based on digital technologies is presented.
Mitigation of regional poverty in East Kalimantan: A village level panel data analysis
Authors: Hakim Lukman , Bintariningtyas Selfia , Juwita Aulia Hapsari , Mulyanto Mulyanto
Published: January 2025

Poverty is a specific problem so that programs that pay attention to spatial or demographic aspects are crucial to being able to create programs that are right on target in alleviating poverty. Apart from looking at demographic factors, we also analyze technological and institutional factors. This research aims to develop a Regional Poverty Mitigation Model in the province of East Kalimantan. This model is designed to provide a comprehensive framework for understanding and addressing poverty in the region. The focus of this research is specifically on the problem of poverty in the province of East Kalimantan. The data used in this study is the latest data from the 2021 Village Potential (Podes) of East Kalimantan province, which includes 1039 villages. The method used in this study is a quantitative analysis method using panel data which is then performed regression. The results show that geographical variables (regional areas and bordering the sea) have a negative and significant relationship to poverty in East Kalimantan, and technology has a positive and significant relationship to poverty in East Kalimantan. In addition, institutions (health and education) have a positive and significant relationship to poverty in East Kalimantan.
Exploring the interaction between Kendari’s economic growth and its hinterland
Authors: Anggraini Yuyun , Prima Suci Rahmawati , Triani Neks , Hariono Hariono
Published: January 2025

In order to attain high economic growth and equitable economic development, each region has to determine its regional economic growth centre.  The existence of an economic growth center allows for the concentration of economic activity, which in turn has a ripple effect on the surrounding areas (Hinterland). This study was carried out to identify the primary centres of economic growth in Kendari and analyse their interactions and influence on the surrounding hinterland. This study employed both primary and secondary data, which were analysed using scalogram analysis, centrality index analysis, and gravity analysis. The findings indicate that among the eleven sub-districts in Kendari, three of them, namely Kadia, Kendari Barat, and Mandonga, serve as economic growth centres. Each economic growth centre is connected with a primary hinterland that exhibits the highest level of attraction or interaction value when compared to other districts. Among these centres, Kadia is the sub-district with the higher growth centre hierarchy and it has the highest interactions with Wua-wua. The interaction value between Kadia and Wua-wua is 139595130.7. Kendari Barat is the second growth centre in terms of its interactions with Mandonga, with an interaction value of 710383315.6. Mandonga is the third growth centre that has the highest level of interaction with Kendari Barat, with an interaction value of 710383315.6. The implication of the study is to formulate more targeted policies based on strong empirical evidence.
Training on Creative Analysis of ANOVA Statistical Tests with SPSS Applications
Authors: Hidajat Flavia Aurelia , Nurjannah Nurjannah , Partasiwi Nurashri , Sovia Anny , Hidajat Helga Graciani , Gani Suriati Abdul
Published: January 2025

Background: ANOVA analysis is crucial for comparing multiple population means and is highly beneficial for final-year students. However, many face challenges in mastering it due to the lengthy SPSS installation process and the complexity of ANOVA material. Despite its importance, ANOVA training is rarely conducted. This research aims to fill that gap.
Contribution: This community service aims to provide creative training for participants regarding ANOVA analysis using SPSS applications technology.
Method: Final-year students (semester 6 and above) participated in basic training using SPSS 22. Pre- and post-training evaluations measured effectiveness.
Results: The evaluation results showed that 92% of participants from final year students experienced improvement in mastering ANOVA analysis.
Conclusion: This activity successfully increased students' knowledge to master ANOVA analysis using SPSS 22 applications. Thus, it allows the emergence of various research topics that apply the ANOVA application so that research in the academic world becomes better.
Community Engagement for Realization of Regenerative Village Entrepreneurial Groups: Pathway to Sustainable Banana Entrepreneurship in Alue Krueng Village, Aceh Jaya Regency
Authors: Aulia Muhammad Reza , Sahputra Deni , Fathin Silmi , Anggraini Putri , Agusrianda Agusrianda , Putri Gebrina , Azzahra Misya
Published: January 2025

Background: Regenerative agriculture and banana-based entrepreneurship can restore soil health and boost the economy in Alue Krueng Village.
Contribution: This initiative assessed community engagement in sustainable farming and banana waste utilization in Aceh Jaya Regency.
Method: The Participatory Action and Action Research (PALAR) method guided community assistance..
Results: The program has transformed the local economy by turning banana waste into viable business ventures and equipping the community with enhanced knowledge and skills in regenerative agriculture. Institutional support and marketing strategies have laid a solid foundation for ongoing growth and success in the banana-based industry.
Conclusion: The program in Alue Krueng Village enhanced local entrepreneurship and economic growth by promoting regenerative banana cultivation and turning agricultural waste into value-added products. It serves as a scalable model for sustainable rural development, emphasizing the importance of institutional support, market strategies, and government involvement in fostering resource-based entrepreneurship.
Immunotherapy: the final cure for cancer?
Authors: Uddin Sumaiyah
Published: January 2025

A new generation of cancer treatments are utilising the power of the human immune system to fight the disease. By Sumaiyah Uddin
The Memory of '76
Authors: Hattem Michael D.
Published: January 2025

The American Revolution has cast a long shadow over the nation's politics and culture. Americans agree that their nation's origins lie in the Revolution, but they have never agreed on what the Revolution meant. In The Memory of '76, Michael D. Hattem uncovers the long and surprising history of how Americans have fought over the meaning and legacy of the Revolution for nearly two and a half centuries, taking readers on a whirlwind journey across American history as politicians, political parties, social movements, and ordinary Americans constantly reimagine the Revolution to suit the times and their own agendas. In this sweeping take on American history, Hattem reveals how conflicts over the meaning and legacy of the Revolution—including the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution—have influenced the most important events and tumultuous periods in American history. This book shows how the memory of the Revolution has often done far more to divide Americans than unite them and how revising the past is a long-standing American political tradition.
Mental vulnerability as a social practice
Authors: Väänänen Ari
Published: January 2025

Although mental vulnerability has a contextual and occupation-specific nature, it also arises from collective processes that are spread around the society. This chapter describes how a new societal framework of opportunities has emerged around subjective suffering and emotional discomfort. The analysis of emotional awareness and mental health literacy shows how individual-level behavioural virtues at the societal level may increase processing and recognition of mental vulnerability. After that, the texts reflects how the wounding of the psyche today can arise from the lack of resources – Scarcity Type 1 – as well as from the abundance of alternatives – Scarcity Type 2 – which makes it a complex phenomenon. Since the sources of current vulnerability often include both poor external conditions (for example, work demands) as well as the mobilization of new capacities (for example, subjective meaning), many older models of work disability and psychological distress are unable to grasp the current mental health challenge. For the future, it would be important to include the coordinates of historically changing subjectivity in the analysis and to consider how the social structures guiding health and emotional management can be better considered in research on work and wellbeing at work.
The temporal nature of mental health at work
Authors: Väänänen Ari
Published: January 2025

The main analyses of the book reflect how the historical process of mental vulnerability has evolved. They indicate how we have moved from a working life determined by physical intensity and limited autonomy to a social and economic environment dominated by mental intensity, the problems of autonomous self and subjective scarcity. The chapter shows how different research strands can together produce new, innovative information on the new nature of wellbeing at work and, at the same time, its cultural diversity and contradictions. The chapter shows how mental health can be viewed as a social movement including various interest groups, commercial objectives and scientific paradigms. It argues that in the cultural setting of mental healthification various emotional and social challenges of life and work are dealt with through the framework of mental health and wellness-focused medicine. The chapter concludes that the recent extension of mental health contains various ritualistic features and culturally specific techniques that are produced in the activities of workplaces, healthcare, policy makers, reflexive citizens and other stakeholders. The history-informed analysis of mental vulnerability helps us to rethink social demands and cultural needs that influence our psycho-emotional life and generate new mental health practices.
Understanding and Improving Public Management Reforms
Authors: Elston Thomas
Published: January 2025

Scholars agree that achieving valuable and lasting outcomes from the reorganisation and reform of public services is extremely difficult. All too often, public management reform fails to deliver the promised performance gains, disrupts on-going public service operations, or runs into seemingly inescapable trade-offs. But despite this strong consensus on the problems of top-down reform, little thought has been given to potential solutions that would improve reform processes and outcomes, and so genuinely help to bolster governments’ management capability.This new, interdisciplinary study sets aside the conventional ‘paradigms’ approach to analysing public management reform, and turns instead to concepts from psychology, sociology, and economics to grasp the hitherto intractable problem of how to ‘do reform’ better. The book shows that cognitive bias, social institutions, and lack of attention to ‘quiet costs’ all help to explain the reform pathologies documented in prior research, and point to robust and actionable strategies that policymakers can use to strengthen the design and delivery of reforms in future.Full of contemporary examples drawn from a wide variety of countries and contexts, Understanding and Improving Public Management Reform is a concise and straightforward guide to better decision-making for policymakers, public service managers, advisors, and students. It also serves as a call-to-arms for scholars in public administration and cognate fields to undertake more applied research into this important area of public policymaking.
Intuition, bias, and reform
Authors: Elston Thomas
Published: January 2025

Applying cognitive psychology to questions of public management reform provides an opportunity to examine its ‘micro-foundations’. Rather than asking how disembodied socio-economic forces initiate or condition reform processes, we look, far more granularly, at the choices of individual decision-makers. Further, by rooting our analysis in cognition rather than preferences, we replace the microeconomist’s concern for utility and incentives with the psychologist’s focus on information processing, perception, and judgement. After briefly outlining the merits and challenges of adopting such an approach to understanding and improving reform, this chapter explains the concepts of heuristics (information-processing shortcuts) and biases (non-random errors resulting from heuristics) that psychology provides for analysing cognition. It then shows how two common biases – the tendency to overlook evidence contrary to existing beliefs (‘confirmation bias’), and the tendency to notice, diagnose, and respond to bad news more than good (‘negativity bias’) – can help to explain several widely recognised reform pathologies. These include wrongly equating dissimilar organisations, over-reforming in high-performing contexts, and devising pendular reforms that circle back and forth between opposing doctrines. The conclusion suggests an empirical research agenda to test these ideas and discusses how ‘de-biasing’ might improve reform design.
In and against the Undercover Policing Inquiry
Authors: Schlembach Raphael
Published: January 2025

This chapter focuses on the non-police and non-state core participants in the Undercover Policing Inquiry and on their fight for the truth, both inside and outside the Inquiry. It uses several examples of resistance to secrecy. First, the chapter details how campaigners challenged the Terms of Reference given to the Inquiry, specifically as they limited its investigation to the activities of undercover police in England and Wales only. Second, it shows how non-police participants threatened to walk away from the Inquiry as they saw their participation increasingly limited and meaningless. Third, it examines the controversy surrounding a public campaign by the high street retailer Lush to increase awareness of the Inquiry and its limitations. Fourth, it explores attempts to make the Inquiry’s evidence hearings more transparent and accessible, at times during the COVID-19 pandemic when the public was largely excluded from the hearings. The chapter concludes by showing the significance of one woman’s legal battle to have her human rights claims recognised in the Investigatory Powers Tribunal.
Time, planning and timescapes for the future
Authors: Dobson Mark , Parker Gavin
Published: January 2025

This final chapter summarises the main arguments of the book and argues for a more reflective planning and practice that takes time and its implications more seriously. It reflects on planning timescapes as oriented towards neoliberal speed-growth agendas, such as project speed, in order to assist in problematising existing approach(es) to planning. In doings so, the case is made that there is much more at stake than simply whether planning is ‘fast’ or ‘slow’; instead, far greater emphasis is required about what we are planning for and why. A reset of planning systems away from short-term political and business agendas and towards considering longer-term challenges requires a rethinking of normative principles and overall goals, as well as, it follows, a reshaping of the timescape(s) of planning in order to fashion proper time(s). This assemblage should feature the central tenets of inclusion, deliberation and public interest as design principles for planning systems, processes and practices. How time is conceptualised, challenged, managed and practised by different actors with a stake in planning and its outcomes appears critical to just, sustainable futures. It concludes by outlining a research agenda in which understandings of time in and for planning can be further developed to advance practice.
Introduction: New Social Policy Trends and Innovations
Authors: Yi Ilcheong , Kaasch Alexandra , Stetter Kelly
Published: January 2025

Attaining the ambitious, transformative visions and goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development requires a radical departure from business as usual in designing and implementing strategies, policies and action plans. An innovative approach is needed more than ever in the social policy sector since new and significant challenges and risks have, albeit at different speeds, started to raise questions on the validity of existing policy tools. Climate change poses some of the greatest economic, social, and sometimes political challenges of the twenty-first century. Global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions will accelerate climate change and threaten the lives and well-being of present and future generations and the planet itself. Climate change causes significant negative consequences in terms of production, particularly in the sectors of agriculture, coastal resources, energy, forestry, water and tourism, which are major industries of many developing countries. Inequality has increased in almost all countries since the 1980s, which marks the end of a postwar egalitarian regime. The level of inequality in terms of income accounted for by the nation’s top 10 per cent earners is particularly high (more than 50 per cent of national income) in many developing countries in Central and Latin America, the Middle East, Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, and India. The latest estimates hint at the COVID-19 crisis further reinforcing these trends, not only in terms of financial inequalities, but even regarding gender, formal and informal workers, and marginalized racial and ethnic groups, among others. Extreme poverty remains entrenched in many parts of the world.
The South African Mining Sector: Exploring the Dynamics of the Social, Economic and Environmental Policy Nexus
Authors: Plagerson Sophie , Stuart Lauren
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores the convergence of social, economic and environmental policies in South Africa, drawing on a case study of the mining sector due to its economic significance, historical impact and central role in framing social policy. Through an analytical framework that evaluates policy complementarity via “autonomy,” “alignment,” and “adjustment,” the chapter contrasts policies from both pre- and post-apartheid eras and probes interactions between key actors: the state, mining industry, labour and civil society. The analysis reveals that while intersectoral policy synergy is vital, it does not guarantee redistributive effects. Although post-apartheid South Africa possesses a solid legislative framework and has made evident progress, challenges persist, marked by slow legislative reforms, political barriers, stakeholder mistrust and weakened labour unions. Looking ahead, the chapter highlights the significance of three elements for enhanced policy complementarity: inclusive multilateral platforms for stakeholder dialogue, maintenance of sectoral expertise in governmental bodies, and embedding policies within a stringent legal framework supported by a resilient judiciary.
Incorporating Informal Workers into Social Insurance in Tanzania
Authors: Lambin Roosa , Nyyssölä Milla
Published: January 2025

Expansion of social protection reach among workers in the large informal economy represents a persisting and thorny challenge in the development context. In Mainland Tanzania, several domestically led policy reforms have been introduced to increasingly expand social protection for informal workers. This chapter examines the case of Tanzania by exploring the policy developments that have sought to facilitate access to social protection within the informal economy over the past 10–15 years, notably through the expansion of social insurance provision. The chapter highlights the pioneering legislative reforms and innovative approaches to social insurance adopted in the country, while drawing attention to the emergence of “competitive” informal social security arrangements that attract informal workers at the expense of formal social insurance uptake. As such, the chapter underscores the need for policy makers to double efforts in awareness-raising and policy design accounting for the needs and contribution capacities of informal workers.