bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Musical Therapy with Balinese Flute Increased Cognitive Function, Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Serum Levels, and Decreased Interleukin-6 Serum Levels among the Elderly in West Denpasar Primary Health Clinic
Authors: Adnyana I Made Oka , Mahadewi Ni Putu Ayu Putri , Laksmidewi A.A.A. Putri
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown the effects of music toward improved cognitive function due to changes in molecular production and signaling through increased messenger secretion, including hormones, neurotransmitters, and growth factor proteins. Most of the studies used Western classical music as an intervention.
AIM: We would like to investigate whether traditional Balinese flute musical composition entitled can improve cognitive function as well as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and interleukin (IL)-6 levels, on par with the Western classical composition.
METHODS: This was a prospective intervention trial involving 40 participants recruited from Primary Health Clinic 2 in West Denpasar, Bali, and divided into two groups. Participants were asked to listen to either “Morning Happiness” by Mr. Agus Teja Sentosa, S. Sn (treatment), or Vivaldi’s composition of “Spring” (control group) for 20 min each day for 21 days. Cognitive evaluation was performed using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)-INA and blood sample was withdrawn during the 1st day for BDNF and IL-6 levels measurement. All statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.
RESULTS: There was a significant difference between initial and endpoint MoCA-INA test results among treatment and control group (p < 0.001), but there was no significant difference between control and treatment (p = 1.00). BDNF levels differed significantly between initial and endpoint BDNF levels among control group (p < 0.001), but did not differ significantly between control and treatment groups (p = 0.534). There was no significant difference between initial and endpoint IL-6 levels between the control group, but there was a close to statistical difference between of initial and endpoint IL-6 levels among the treatment group (p = 0.052). There was a significant difference in the memory domain between the control and treatment groups (p = 0.01) as measured using MoCA-INA questionnaire.
CONCLUSION: Balinese traditional flute composition was proven to be non-inferior when compared with Western classical composition as it improved mainly memory domain accompanied by increasing BDNF and decreased IL-6 levels.
Chronic Respiratory Symptoms and Lung Function of Farmer and Breeder in UTU Village, Tabanan, Bali
Authors: Arisanti Ni Luh Putu Eka , Widiasari Ni Putu Ayu , Rai Ida Bagus Ngurah
Published: November 2020

AIM: The objective of the study was to determine chronic respiratory symptoms and lung function of farmers.
METHODS: The study was conducted in Utu Village, Tabanan, Bali with 84 subjects. This research was observational analytic cross sectional study.
RESULTS: Three dominant chronic respiratory symptoms in farmers were coughing (15.1%), dyspnea (13.1%), and phlegm (13.1%). Average values of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC were 83.75 ± 34.42, respectively, 81.62 ± 34.30 and 104.90 ± 13.90, respectively. Cough was dominant experiencing by smokers (p = 0.008). Mean of FEV1% prediction and FVC% prediction value was lower in passive smoker group than no smoker group (p = 0.005 and p = 0.03).
CONCLUSION: Occupational exposure while farming and raising livestock can cause chronic respiratory symptom and lung function decline in farmers and can be influenced by smoking history and secondhand smoke exposure.
New records of Celaenorrhinus pyrrha de Nicéville, 1889 and C. munda (Moore, 1884) from China (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae)
Authors: Xue Guo-Xi , Inayoshi Yutaka , Li Meng , Zhang Fu-Ming , Lai Da-Kun , Tian Hai-Ying
Published: November 2020

Celaenorrhinus pyrrha de Nicéville, 1889, a rare species of Hesperiidae previously known to be distributed from northeastern India to Indochina, is reported from southwestern Yunnan and southwestern Chongqing, China. A 658 bp COI gene sequence of this species is published for the first time. Although Chongqing is obviously isolated from the main distribution range, morphological characters of the specimens from this locality do not indicate a subspecies differentiation. Another rare taxon, C. munda munda (Moore, 1884), is also recorded from China for the first time based upon a male specimen from Cuona County in the Tibet Autonomous Region. This is the second specimen of C. munda from China, over 100 years after the holotype of C. munda joka Evans, 1949. The genitalia of both species are illustrated and described. Some taxonomic notes and a distribution map are provided as well.
Description of the new species Coptera tonic (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae), a pupal parasitoid of Rhagoletis juniperina Marcovitch (Diptera, Tephritidae), and revised partial keys to Nearctic Coptera Say
Authors: Ericson Hannah C. , Forbes Andrew A.
Published: November 2020

A new species of the parasitic wasp Coptera Say was previously distinguished from other species via correspondence between ecological (host) differences and DNA barcodes. A description and figures for Coptera tonicsp. nov., along with revisions to existing keys that allow it to be distinguished from other Nearctic species without the aid of molecular characters, is provided in this work.
The species of Timarcha Samouelle, 1819 described by Linnaeus (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Vela José Miguel , Alonso-Zarazaga Miguel Ángel , Daccordi Mauro
Published: November 2020

Linnaeus described five species presently included in the genusTimarcha:Chrysomela goettingensis,Tenebrio caeruleus,Tenebrio laevigatus,Tenebrio latipes, andTenebrio rugosus. After a study of the relevant material, the identity of these species has been established. The following synonyms are proposed or confirmed:Timarcha goettingensis(Linnaeus, 1758) =T. latipes(Linnaeus, 1767),syn. nov.;Timarcha caerulea(Linnaeus, 1758),comb. nov.=T. balearicaGory, 1833,syn. nov.=T. balearicaPérez Arcas, 1865,syn. nov.;Timarcha rugosa(Linnaeus, 1767) =T. scabra(Olivier, 1807),syn. conf.=T. generosaErichson, 1841,syn. conf.;Timarcha laevigata(Linnaeus, 1767) =T. tenebricosa(Fabricius, 1775),syn. conf.. The type ofTenebrio caeruleusis a Chrysomelidae currently belonging to genusTimarchaand therefore can no longer be considered a Tenebrionidae (Helops caeruleus) nor the type species of genusHelops. For the sake of nomenclatural stability, an application to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature to change the relative precedence ofTimarcha caeruleaand retain usage ofT. balearicawill be made. An application to change the relative precedence ofTimarcha laevigatahas been submitted, which would lead to the conservation of usage ofT. tenebricosaas valid. Lectotypes are designated forChrysomela goettingensis,Tenebrio latipes,Tenebrio caeruleus,Timarcha balearicaGory,T. balearicaPérez Arcas,Tenebrio rugosus,Chrysomela scabra,Timarcha generosa,Tenebrio laevigatus, andChrysomela tenebricosa. For each of the valid species the diagnosis, distribution, and host-plant data are reported.
Chest computed tomography scan as an initial diagnostic method for tuberculosis infection detected by mass screening
Authors: Joo Dong-Hyun , Lee Hyun Woo , Yoon Seo-Young , Park Tae Yun , Heo Eun Young , Kim Deog Kyeom , Chung Hee Soon , Lee Jung-Kyu
Published: November 2020

Background/Aims: We assessed the diagnostic yield of chest computed tomography (CT) as an initial diagnostic method for patients with a tuberculosis (TB) infection detected by mass screening in a country with an intermediate TB burden.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients with TB infection detected by mass screening performed between January 2015 and March 2018. The patients were classified according to whether they had a chest X-ray (CXR) or CT scan as an initial diagnostic test to exclude active TB.Results: Of 542 patients with TB infection detected by mass screening, 222 and 320 were initially examined by CXR and CT, respectively; the two modalities showed no significant difference in rate of detection of patients with active TB (0.9% and 2.5%, respectively; p = 0.110). However, chest CT was associated with further invasive tests using bronchoscopy and respiratory specimens, and significantly increased the frequency of hospital visits.Conclusions: Chest CT was not supported as an initial diagnostic method to rule out active TB in patients with a TB infection detected by mass screening in a country with an intermediate TB burden.
Current trends in the management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms in Korea: a national survey
Authors: Chon Hyung Ku , Moon Sung Hoon , Park Sang Wook , Paik Woo Hyun , Paik Chang Nyol , Son Byoung Kwan , Song Tae Jun , Ahn Dong Won , Lee Eaum Seok , Lee Yun Nah , Lee Yoon Suk , Lee Jae Min , Jeon Tae Joo , Park Chang-Hwan , Cho Kwang Bum , Lee Dong Wook
Published: November 2020

Background/Aims: The study aimed to investigate the current practice patterns in the management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms in Korea.Methods: An electronic survey was systematically distributed by email to members of the Korean Pancreatobiliary Association from December 2019 to February 2020.Results: In total, 115 (110 gastroenterologists, five surgeons) completed the survey, 72.2% of whom worked in a tertiary/academic medical center. Most (65.2%) followed the 2012/2017 International Association of Pancreatology guidelines for the management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms. A gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography was the most common first-line diagnostic modality (42.1%), but a contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan was preferred as a subsequent surveillance tool (58.3%). Seventy- four percent of respondents routinely performed endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration for pancreatic cystic neoplasms with suspicious mural nodules. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (94.8%) and cystic fluid carcinoembryonic antigen (95.7%) were used for cystic fluid analysis. Most (94%) typically recommended surgery in patients with high-risk stigmata, but 18.3% also considered proceeding with surgery in patients with worrisome features. Most (96.5%) would continue surveillance of pancreatic cystic neoplasms for more than 5 years.Conclusions: According to this survey, there was variability in the management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms among the respondents. These results suggest that the development of evidence-based guidelines for pancreatic cystic neoplasms that fit the Korean practice is needed to create an optimal approach to the management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms.
Typicité et anthropologie littéraire
Authors: Jung Willi
Published: November 2020

Dans un premier temps, l’article traite du lien général entre la notion du typique et l’anthropologie littéraire et inclut l’importance de la technique du portrait pour la représentation littéraire de l’homme. Il aborde ensuite les aspects typiques de la littérature et de la recherche littéraire. Dans la troisième partie centrale, les aspects rhétoriques et stylistiques de la typification dans l’œuvre de Balzac sont élaborés. En prenant l’exemple du roman peut-être le plus important de La Comédie humaine , Illusions perdues , la typification du poète Lucien de Rubempré est examinée dans le contexte de l’anthropologie littéraire de Balzac. Les concepts balzaciens de littérature et de portrait, son anthropologie littéraire, reflètent sa réception des discours scientifiques de son temps.
Enfermedades de transmisión sexual
Authors: Pereira M. , Tarasco M. , Basulto C.
Published: November 2020

Not available.
Aspetti giuridici, deontologici ed etici della prescrizione medica degli estroprogestinici a scopo contraccettivo
Authors: Casini Marina , Spagnolo Antonio G.
Published: November 2020

Di fronte alla richiesta della donna, la prescrizione di sostanze estroprogestiniche con funzione contraccettiva è da considerarsi un atto cui il medico è tenuto, oppure al medico è lasciato uno spazio di libertà per opporsi alla richiesta e seguire i dettami della propria coscienza? La questione venuta alla ribalta con una sentenza del Tribunale di Milano (1997) è affrontata a partire da un’indagine ricognitiva di carattere giuridico relativa all’introduzione nel nostro ordinamento della contraccezione. Viene poi fatta la triplice distinzione: c.d. “contraccezione d’emergenza”, contraccettivi che potrebbero avere un’efficacia abortiva e contraccezione vera e propria. Mentre nel primo caso è possibile ricorrere all’art. 9 L. 194/1978 (obiezione di coscienza all’aborto), nel secondo e nel terzo la lettera e la ratio dell’art. 9 conducono ad una sua non applicabilità. Questo tuttavia non significa obbligare il medico a prestazioni contrarie alla propria coscienza o al proprio convincimento clinico. Alla luce di alcune norme della legislazione sanitaria e del codice deontologico emerge il ruolo centrale della fiducia rapporto medico-paziente e il criterio della libera scelta che presiede tale rapporto. Il carattere fiduciario basato sulla libera scelta, comprende anche la sfera delle convinzioni morali del medico. Questi può dunque contare su un margine di libertà per esprimere contrarietà a quanto richiesto da paziente e il paziente può avvalersi della sua libertà di cambiare medico.
Collegiate Student-Athletes' Perceptions of Patient-Centered Care Delivered by Athletic Trainers
Authors: Redinger Ansley Smallen , Winkelmann Zachary K. , Eberman Lindsey E.
Published: November 2020

Context

The health care core competencies indicate that all medical professionals should provide patient-centered care (PCC), which is defined as care that is respectful and responsive to the patient's values and preferences, during each encounter.

Objective

To identify collegiate student-athletes' definitions of PCC and measure their perceived level of PCC from an athletic trainer (AT).

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Mixed-methods survey.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 610 (age = 19 ± 1 year) National Collegiate Athletic Association student-athletes completed the survey.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The survey consisted of 1 open-ended question that prompted the participant to define PCC in his or her own words. The quantitative data were gathered using the Global Perceptions of Athletic Trainer PCC tool, which explores the overall agreement with the AT's use of PCC constructs. Finally, those participants who had received care from an AT completed the validated Patient Perception of Patient-Centeredness instrument. Qualitative analysis was completed through Text IQ technology with a mean sentiment score attributed to each of the coded statements. We calculated descriptive statistics for all quantitative data.

Results

The qualitative analysis revealed 13 topics, with the most used being individual, priority, and best. Other topics were inconsistent with how the medical community has defined PCC. On the Global Perceptions of Athletic Trainer PCC tool, the participants expressed strong agreement (mode = 4) with 12 of the 15 statements. On the Patient Perception of Patient-Centeredness instrument, participants expressed that the AT was completely (mode = 4) patient centered for all dimensions during their most recent encounter. However, PCC behaviors, as defined by the medical community, may not be directly expressed according to collegiate student-athletes.

Conclusions

Student-athletes defined PCC as individualized and prioritized health care. They perceived that ATs provided care that kept their best interest in mind and practiced PCC during their encounters.
Residual deficits in reactive strength indicate incomplete restoration of athletic qualities following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in professional soccer players
Authors: Read Paul J. , Davies William T. , Bishop Chris , Mc Auliffe Sean , Wilson Mathew G. , Turner Anthony N.
Published: November 2020

Context: Deficits in plyometric abilities are common following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Vertical rebound tasks may provide a targeted evaluation of knee function.

Objective: Examine the utility of a vertical hop test to assess function following ACLR and establish factors associated with performance.

Design: Cross-sectional

Setting: Rehabilitation

Participants: Soccer players with a history of ACLR (N = 73) and matched controls (N = 195)

Main outcome measures: 10 second vertical hop test including measures of jump height, reactive strength index (RSI) and asymmetry. We also examined possible predictors of hop performance including single leg vertical drop jump (SLDVJ), isokinetic knee extension strength, and the international knee documentation committee questionnaire.

Results: Significant between-limb differences were identified for the ACLR group only and asymmetry scores increased in those with a history of ACLR (P < 0.001) compared to controls. SLDVJ RSI and knee extension torque were significant predictors of 10 second hop height (R2 = 20.1%) and RSI (R2 = 47.1%).

Conclusions: Vertical hop deficits are present following ACLR even after completing a comprehensive rehabilitation program. This may be due to reduced knee extension and reactive strength. Vertical hop tests warrant inclusion as part of return to sport test battery.
Biomechanical Response to External Biofeedback During Functional Tasks in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: Torp Danielle M. , Thomas Abbey C. , Hubbard-Turner Tricia , Donovan Luke
Published: November 2020

Context

Altered biomechanics displayed by individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a possible cause of recurring injuries and posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Current interventions are unable to modify aberrant biomechanics, leading to research efforts to determine if real-time external biofeedback can result in changes.

Objective

To determine the real-time effects of visual and auditory biofeedback on functional-task biomechanics in individuals with CAI.

Design

Crossover study.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

Nineteen physically active adults with CAI (7 men, 12 women; age = 23.95 ± 5.52 years, height = 168.87 ± 6.94 cm, mass = 74.74 ± 15.41 kg).

Intervention(s)

Participants randomly performed single-limb static balance, step downs, lateral hops, and forward lunges during a baseline and 2 biofeedback conditions. Visual biofeedback was given through a crossline laser secured to the dorsum of the foot. Auditory biofeedback was given through a pressure sensor placed under the lateral foot and connected to a buzzer that elicited a noise when pressure exceeded the set threshold. Cues provided during the biofeedback conditions were used to promote proper biomechanics during each task.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

We measured the location of center-of-pressure (COP) data points during balance with eyes open and eyes closed for each condition. Plantar pressure in the lateral column of the foot during functional tasks was extracted. Secondary outcomes of interest were COP area and velocity, time to boundary during static balance, and additional plantar-pressure measures.

Results

Both biofeedback conditions reduced COP in the anterolateral quadrant while increasing COP in the posteromedial quadrant of the foot during eyes-open balance. Visual biofeedback increased lateral heel pressure and the lateral heel and midfoot pressure-time integral during hops. The auditory condition produced similar changes during the eyes-closed trials. Auditory biofeedback increased heel pressure during step downs and decreased the lateral forefoot pressure-time integral during lunges.

Conclusions

Real-time improvements in balance strategies were observed during both external biofeedback conditions. Visual and auditory biofeedback appeared to effectively moderate different functional-task biomechanics.
Factors Associated With Energy Expenditure and Energy Balance in Acute Sport-Related Concussion
Authors: Walton Samuel Richard , Kranz Sibylle , Malin Steven Kenneth , Broshek Donna K. , Hertel Jay , Resch Jacob Earl
Published: November 2020

Context

Sport-related concussion (SRC) is characterized by a pathologic neurometabolic cascade that results in an increased intracranial energy demand and a decreased energy supply. Little is known about the whole-body energy-related effects of SRC.

Objective

To examine factors associated with whole-body resting metabolic rate (RMR), total energy expenditure (TEE), energy consumption (EC), and energy balance (EBal) in student-athletes acutely after SRC and healthy matched control individuals.

Design

Case-control study.

Setting

University research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

Student-athletes diagnosed with SRC (n = 28, 50% female, age = 18.4 ± 1.8 years, body mass index [BMI] = 24.1 ± 4.1 kg/m2) assessed ≤72 hours postinjury and a matched control group (n = 28, 50% female, age = 19.4 ± 2.9 years, BMI = 24.7 ± 4.78 kg/m2).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Resting metabolic rate was measured via indirect calorimetry. Participants reported their physical activity and dietary intake for 3 days, which we used to estimate TEE and EC, respectively, and to calculate EBal (EC:TEE ratio). Resting metabolic rate, TEE, and EC were normalized to body mass. Group and group-by-sex comparisons were conducted for RMR·kg−1, TEE·kg−1, EC·kg−1, and EBal using independent t tests with the a priori α = .05. Associations of age, sex, concussion history, BMI, and symptom burden with RMR·kg−1 and EBal were explored with linear regression models.

Results

Total energy expenditure·kg−1 was lower (P < .01; mean difference ± SD = −5.31 ± 1.41 kcal·kg−1) and EBal was higher (P < .01; 0.28 ± 0.10) in SRC participants than in control participants. Both sexes with SRC had lower TEE·kg−1 than did the control participants (P values ≤ .04); females with SRC had higher EBal than controls (P = .01), but male groups did not differ. Higher RMR·kg−1 was associated with history of concussion (adjusted R2 = .10, β = 0.65). Younger age (β = −0.35), fewer concussions (β = −0.35), lower BMI (β = −0.32), greater symptom duration (β = 1.50), and lower symptom severity (β = −1.59) were associated with higher EBal (adjusted R2 = .54).

Conclusions

Total energy expenditure·kg−1 and EBal appeared to be affected by acute SRC, despite no differences in RMR·kg−1. Sex, concussion history, BMI, and symptom burden were associated with acute energy-related outcomes.
Lacrosse Protective Equipment and the Initiation of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Time to First Automated External Defibrillator Shock
Authors: Bowman Thomas G. , Boergers Richard J. , Lininger Monica R. , Kilmer Alexander J. , Ardente Matthew , D'Amodio Gabriella , Hughes Cassidy , Murphy Megan
Published: November 2020

Context

For an acute cardiac event, on-field equipment removal is suggested, although how lacrosse equipment removal may alter the time to first chest compression and time to first automated external defibrillator (AED) shock remains unknown.

Objective

To determine the time to first chest compression and first AED shock in 2 chest-exposure procedures with 2 pad types.

Design

Crossover study.

Setting

Simulation laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 36 athletic trainers (21 women, 15 men; age = 30.58 ± 7.81 years).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Participants worked in pairs to provide 2 rescuer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) interventions on a simulation manikin outfitted with lacrosse pads and helmet. Participants completed 8 trials per pair (2 chest-exposure procedures × 2 pad types × 2 participant roles). The dependent variables were the time to first compression (seconds) and time to first AED shock (seconds). The independent variables were chest-exposure procedure with 2 levels (procedure 1: removal of the helmet while initiating CPR over the pads, followed by pad retraction and AED application; procedure 2: removal of the helmet and pads, followed by CPR and AED application) and pad type (Warrior Burn Hitman shoulder pads; Warrior Nemesis chest protector).

Results

We found a significant interaction between chest-exposure procedure and pad type for the time to first compression (F1,35 = 4.66, P = .04, ω2p = 0.10), with faster times during procedure 1 for both the Nemesis pads (16.1 ± 3.4 seconds) and Hitman pads (16.1 ± 4.5 seconds) than during procedure 2 (Nemesis pads: 49.6 ± 12.9 seconds, P < .0001; Hitman pads: 53.8 ± 14.5 seconds, P < .0001).

Conclusions

Completing the initial cycle of chest compressions over either shoulder pads or a chest protector hastens the time to first chest compression without diminishing CPR quality, which may improve patient outcomes. The time to the first AED shock was not different between equipment procedures or pad types.
Secondary School Administrators' Knowledge and Perceptions of the Athletic Training Profession, Part I: Specific Considerations for Athletic Directors
Authors: Pike Lacy Alicia M. , Eason Christianne M. , Stearns Rebecca L. , Casa Douglas J.
Published: November 2020

Context

Athletic directors are charged with making impactful decisions for secondary school athletic programs that mitigate risks for stakeholders. This includes decision making regarding the provision of medical care for student-athletes. To date, few researchers have explored athletic directors' perceptions of the athletic training profession.

Objective

To evaluate public school athletic directors' knowledge and perceptions of the athletic trainer (AT) role.

Design

Concurrent mixed-methods study.

Setting

Cross-sectional online questionnaire.

Patients or Other Participants

Athletic directors representing all 50 states and the District of Columbia (N = 954; 818 men, 133 women, 3 preferred not to answer; age = 47.8 ± 9.1 years; time in current role = 9.8 ± 8.3 years).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The questionnaire was composed of demographics, quantitative measures that assessed athletic directors' knowledge and perceived value of ATs, and open-ended questions allowing for expansion on their perspectives. Descriptive statistics were reported, with key quantitative findings presented as count responses and overall percentages. Qualitative data were analyzed using the general inductive approach.

Results

A majority of respondents recognized ATs' role in injury prevention (99.8%), first aid and wound care (98.8%), therapeutic interventions (93.8%), and emergency care (91.6%). Approximately 61% (n = 582) identified AT employment as a top sport safety measure, and 77% (n = 736) considered an AT to be extremely valuable to student-athlete health and safety. Athletic directors appeared to recognize the value of ATs as they provided “peace of mind” and relieved coaches and administration of the responsibility for making medical decisions.

Conclusions

Athletic directors seemed to recognize the value ATs brought to the secondary school setting and demonstrated adequate knowledge regarding ATs' roles and responsibilities. Educational efforts for this population should focus on ATs' tasks that add to their perceived value but are not frequently in the public eye, which may influence hiring decisions.
CV-580 PolGASP format definition
Authors: Wind A F , Murnaghan K P
Published: November 2020

This document defines the file format of all the CV-580 PolGASP related files. The main files in this set are comprised of a header file and image file pair for each polarization. In addition, an input parameter file, and master log and header files are produced
during processing by PolGASP. Finally, two composite images are created from the magnitude data for a quick look at the final product.
Sülüs-Nesih Yazılarda Tavır Farkı: Hattat İsmâil Zühdî Efendi ve Hattat Ömer Vasfî Efendi’nin Sülüs-Nesih Meşk Murakkaalarının Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ÇETİNTAŞ Özgür
Published: November 2020

Sanat yaşayan bir fenomendir. Dolayısıyla sanatın evrildiğini, yani iyiye veya kötüye doğru değiştiğini gözlemlenmektedir. Bu anlamda Doğu’da İslâmiyet ve tasavvuf anlayışı, Avrupa’da Rönesans hareketleri sanat tarihi içerisindeki en büyük kırılma noktaları olarak düşünülebilir. Ancak tüm bu büyük hareketler içerisinde sanatın kendisi sürekli bir değişim halinde olmuştur. Bu değişme sanat dalları içerisinde ekollerle (usul) olduğu gibi, ekollerin ilerlemesi ise sanatçılar arasındaki tavır (üslûp) farklarıyla olmaktadır. Türk hat sanatı ekolünün ortaya çıkması 14. yüzyılda Amasyalı Hattat Şeyh Hamdullah sayesinde olmuştur. Hafız Osman ekolüne bağlı olmakla birlikte tavır (üslup) yönünden kendisini bir adım daha öteye taşıyan hattat, Türk hat sanatı ekolünde celi (iri) yazıların mihenk taşı olarak kabul edilen Mustafa Râkım Efendi’dir. Bu araştırmada eserlerinden faydalanılan Hattat İsmâil Zühdî Efendi, Hattat Mustafa Râkım’ın hem ağabeyi, hem de ilk hocası olarak sanat tarihimizde yer almaktadır. Bu araştırma, Türk Hat Sanatı tarihinde önemli yere sahip olan Hattat İsmâil Zühdî Efendi ile Laz Hattat Ömer Vasfî Efendi arasındaki tavır farkını ve bu farkın hat sanatına olan katkılarını ortaya koymak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Bu sayede Türk hat sanatının gelişim sürecinde nelerin etkili olduğunu, yazı sanatında yapılan küçük değişikliklerin neleri etkileyebileceğini tartışmak da bu araştırmanın amaçları arasındadır. Zira bir hüsn-i hat eseri incelenirken nelere dikkat edilmesi gerektiği, bir eseri güzel veya çirkin olarak nitelerken hangi kriterlerin göz önüne alınması gerektiği bilgisi de çok önemlidir. Bu araştırmada aynı dönemde eserler vermiş olan iki hattatın, yine aynı tarzda olan eserinin mukayesesi yapılmıştır. Örnek olarak kullanılan yazılar hat sanatının öğretiminde “müfredat” olarak tercih edilen Sülüs- Nesih meşk murakkaalarıdır.
İdeolojinin Doğuşu ve Bilim-Din Ekseninde Konumlanması
Authors: VATANDAŞ Saniye
Published: November 2020

İdeoloji isim açısından tamamen, anlam ve işlevleriyle de büyük oranda modern zamanların bir olgusudur. Düşünsel kökleri Platon’a kadar uzanmakla birlikte, farklı filozofların düşüncelerinden beslenerek gelişimini sürdürmüş ve gerek anlam gerekse kendisinden beklenen işlevleri açısından sistematik bir şekilde ilk kez Aydınlanma çağında inşa olunmuştur. İsmen doğuşu ve ilk sistematik formunu kazanışı Devrim Fransa’sında gerçekleşen ideolojinin bu ilk zamanlardaki anlam ve işlevleri, 14. yüzyıldan beri devam etmekte olan geleneksel-modern, din-bilim, eski-yeni, geri-ileri geriliminden pay alarak oluşmuştur. Doğuş aşamasında “düşünce bilimi” anlamına sahiptir. Fakat kısa süre sonra öznesine göre değişen başka anlamlar ve işlevler üstlenmiştir. Bugün itibarıyla neredeyse her bireyin yanı sıra her devletin, toplumun, ülkenin, toplum kesiminin, siyasal ve ekonomik sistemin ideolojik nitelediklerinden bahsedilecek kadar bireysel ve toplumsal düşüncelere, sistemlere, felsefelere, yaşam tarzlarına ilişikli hâle gelmiş durumdadır. Dolayısıyla anlam ve işlevleriyle çok farklı boyutlar kazanmıştır. Bu inceleme ideolojinin Platon’dan başlayan ve Aydınlanma çağına uzanan süreçteki öncülerini ve Aydınlanma çağındaki inşa sürecini konu edinmektedir.
Osmanlılarda Resimli Silsilenâme Geleneği: 16. Yüzyıl Sonu-17. Yüzyıl Başları
Authors: AYĞAN Abdurrahim
Published: November 2020

Osmanlı hanedanının soyu erken dönem tarih kitapları içerisinde yer almasına karşın, soyağacı tarzında şematik biçimli dünya tarihi tarzındaki ilk silsilenâme II. Bayezid (1481-1512) dönemine tarihlendirilir. Resimsiz ve küçük boyutlu olan bu eserle birlikte bu türün Osmanlılarda geç dönemlere kadar gelişimini sürdürdüğünü söylemek mümkündür. Devletin imparatorluğa dönüştüğü ve politik kimliğinin evrildiği Kanuni döneminde bu türe ilginin arttığı, silsilenâmelerin çeşitlendiği görülmektedir. Derviş Mehmed bin Ramazan, Yusuf bin Abdullatif ve Şerif Şefii gibi tarihçiler gerek rulo gerekse de kitap şeklindeki silsileleri bu dönemde vücuda getirmişlerdir. 16. yüzyıl sonları ile 17. yüzyıl başlarında bu türde sıra dışı bir hareketlilik dikkati çeker. 16 yüzyıl ortalarında sarayda hazırlanan örneklerden farklı olarak sultanların portre madalyonlarını içeren bu silsilenâmeler, Osmanlının bir eyaleti olan Bağdat’ta üretilmiştir. Bağdatlı silsile tasarımcıları bu eserlerde radikal bir değişikliğe giderek yatay yerine dikey soy çizgilerine dayanan bir modeli benimsemiştir. Bunun yanı sıra her biri tek elden çıkmış gibi standart tasarım ve kurguya sahip olmaları bu eser grubunu farklı kılmaktadır. Bu sebeple aynı tarihlerde belirli motivasyonla hazırlanan silsilelerin bir bütün olarak ele alınması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada odaklandığımız husus resimli nüshalar temel alınarak Bağdat’ta hazırlanan bu eserleri kurgu ve tasarım açısından incelemek ve İslam dünyasında hazırlanan önceki örnekler arasındaki farklılıkları ortaya koymaktır.
El lienzo de un esquizofrénico: El arte como relato subjetivo
Authors: Castillo Munguía Ana Paula , Loss Jardim Luciane
Published: November 2020

Desde el psicoanálisis, en la psicosis lo que no encontró cabida en la red simbólica retorna en lo real y tiene efectos de desborde y fragmentación sobre lo imaginario, que pueden llevar al sujeto a la desintegración gradual de su yo. Nuestro trabajo esboza una lectura psicoanalítica de la obra pictórica del artista esquizofrénico Louis Wain en la cual dicha desintegración puede verse reflejada en la tela del artista, que solía dibujar gatos antropomorfizados, con los cuales se identificaba, una referencia de la imagen de sí mismo. El arte se configura como un saber hacer con el vacío, con los desgarros de lo real. La obra de arte encierra un mensaje sobre el sujeto que escapa a la palabra pero se captura en la tela como algo que puede ser legible, como un enigma sobre el sujeto que pueda ofrecer una posible interpretación desde el psicoanálisis.
Milagro: Amor y Comprensión. Un análisis filosófico-feminista frente al mal radical del siglo XXI
Authors: Gómez Campos Rubí de María
Published: November 2020

En este trabajo comparamos el totalitarismo, definido por Arendt como la negación de toda posibilidad de convivencia humana y con ello de la política, con las sociedades violentas del presente, especialmente la situación de violencia contra las mujeres (el mal radical de nuestro tiempo). La ausencia de sentido común —particularmente marcada entre hombres y mujeres— polariza a la sociedad contemporánea, en tanto produce la paradoja de presentar a la prostitución, el acoso sexual, la violación y nuevas formas de relaciones afectivas que dan continuidad a formas de imposición masculina, como ejercicios de autonomía. Las potentes nociones de la comprensión, donde se distingue el perdón de la reconciliación; el juicio que vincula la reflexión con la acción; y el milagro que posibilita pensar sin parámetros conocidos, permiten enfrentar la polarización y superar las condiciones desde las cuales debemos comprender nuestra realidad.
Visionarios y fanáticos: imaginación y política a partir de Kant
Authors: Yébenes Escardó Zenia
Published: November 2020

Este artículo se interroga acerca de cuál es la importancia de la Crítica del juicio en relación a la imaginación política. Hablar del “gusto” como un sentimiento universalmente comunicable, es significativo en tanto que dirige la atención hacia las formas y los acontecimientos que se juzgan relevantes, en el espacio público, sin que medie necesariamente una determinación conceptual. Rechazar al Schwärmer, al que desvaría, permite a Kant identificar las formas de la experiencia posible con la sensibilidad estética de sujetos “políticamente razonables”. Nos proponemos explorar si  la exclusión de aquellos cuyas sensibilidades y experiencias no son señaladas como universalmente comunicables, constituye la única lectura posible del proyecto crítico kantiano.
Russian Orthodox Clergy and Laity Challenging Institutional Religious Authority Online: The Case of Ahilla.ru
Authors: Staehle Hanna
Published: November 2020

With the rise of new computer technologies, scholars of religion and media came to raise questions of how digital communication affects institutional forms of authority. In the digital realm, a number of alternative platforms emerged that empower religious communities to partake in the production of religious narratives outside organized religion. Ahilla.ru is a recent example of such an alternative place facilitated by digital technology. Founded by a former Russian Orthodox priest in February 2017, the website is a response to the politics and official rhetoric of Orthodox Church hierarchs who appeared ever more comfortable in conflating religion and politics and presenting themselves as the moral voice of the nation. Since his enthronement in 2009, Patriarch Kirill has centralized and hierarchized the Church, widening the gap between the episcopate and the low-level clergy and laity. Criticism of institutional religious authority that provides space for the articulation of alternative views of Orthodox faith and identity is at the core of Ahilla.ru. Ahilla.ru merits special attention, as it emerged not outside but within the Russian Orthodox Church and poses a challenge, via digital media space, to the dominant discourse articulated by Orthodox Church authorities and Russian mainstream media. This article seeks to answer the question of how online communication enhances media non-professionals to reflect upon their experiences within institutional religious settings and makes these experiences—previously unmediated and unknown—part of the media discourse.
Memory and Alterity in Zar: Religious Contact and Change in the Sudan
Authors: Kenyon Susan M
Published: November 2020

Drawing on long-term ethnographic research in the Blue Nile town of Sennar, supported by archival and historical documentation, this article explores the history of Zar spirit possession in Sudan, and the light this throws on the interplay of religions over the past 150 years. Life history data supports the argument that contemporary Zar is grounded in forms and rituals derived from the ranks of the ninteenth-century Ottoman army, and these remain the basis of ritual events, even as they accommodate ongoing changes in this part of Africa. Many of these changes are linked to the dynamic interplay of Zar with forms of Islam, on the one hand, and Christianity, on the other. In the former colonial periods, political power resided with the British, and Khawaja (European) Christian Zar spirits are remembered as far more important. Today that authority in Zar has shifted to spirits of foreign Muslims and local holy men, on the one hand, and to subaltern Blacks, on the other. These speak to concerns of new generations of adepts even as changes in the larger political and religious landscapes continue to transform the context of Zar.
Self-Representation and Cultural Expectations: Yogi Chen and Religious Practices of Life-Writing
Authors: Payne Richard K.
Published: November 2020

Explores the differences in self-representation as found in the autobiographical writings of Yogi Chen, Billy Graham, and the Dalai Lama. While the latter two are widely recognized in American popular religious culture, the former is virtually invisible outside the immigrant Chinese American community. This invisibility is consistent with fact that the religious praxes of immigrant communities remain largely under-studied.However, one additional factor appears to be the mismatch between the expectations of the dominant religious culture and the immigrant culture in terms of the ways in which religious leaders represent themselves. Both Billy Graham and the Dalai Lama present themselves in very humble terms, consistent with the expectations of the Pietist background to American popular religion. Yogi Chen on the contrary tends toward a self-aggrandizing style, which although consistent with the competitive nature of premodern Tibetan religious culture is not congruent with the expectations of American popular religion.
Christian Saṃnyāsis and the Enduring Influence of Bede Griffiths in California
Authors: Beltramini Enrico
Published: November 2020

This article thematizes a spiritual movement of ascetic hermits in California, which is based on the religious practice of Bede Griffiths. These hermits took their religious vows in India as Christian saṃnyāsis, in the hands of Father Bede, and then returned to California to ignite a contemplative renewal in the Christian dispirited tradition. Some tried to integrate such Indian tradition in the Benedictine order, while others traced new paths.
Stuart S. Miller: At the Intersection of Texts and Material Finds
Authors: Watts James W.
Published: November 2020

This contribution offers a review of:Stuart S. Miller: At the Intersection of Texts and Material Finds. Stepped Pools, Stone Vessels, and Ritual Purity Among the Jews of Roman Galilee. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2015. 423 pages with 22 fig., € 140, ISBN 9783525550694
Religious Diversity. Philosophical and Political Dimensions
Authors: Jahn Sarah J.
Published: November 2020

This contribution offers a review of:Religious Diversity. Philosophical and Political Dimensions.By Roger Trigg.Cambridge Studies in Religion, Philosophy, and Society, IX.New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014.199 pages (incl. Bibliography and Index),$29,99, ISBN: 9781107638778 (paperback)
Evangelicals and the Encounter with Islam: Changing Christian Identity in Multi-Faith Britain
Authors: Smith Greg
Published: November 2020

Over the last fifty years, British society has changed from a Christendom model, where the default religious identity was Church of England, to a religiously diverse society, where religious identity is a significant marker for minorities in the population. Among Christians, strong religious belief and belonging is most likely to be expressed by those who identify as evangelical. In many parts of the world, and especially in the USA, evangelical discourse on the subject of non-Christian faiths, especially Islam, suggests profound antipathy to ‘other’ beliefs and sometimes hostility to their adherents. In contrast, evidence presented in this paper from a recent Evangelical Alliance panel survey suggests a range of nuanced viewsin the community of evangelical Christians in the UK. Although over 80% affirmed that Jesus is the only way of salvation, and 84% thought Christianity is the only path to God, more extended comments show that a wide range of views exist, from the paranoid or exclusive to a view that is tolerant and broadly inclusive. The paper will examine the associations between these views and various demographic and theological factors and seek to explain the data in terms of the patterns of contemporary everyday inter-faith encounters, with specific emphasis on the Abrahamic faiths, especially Islam. The situation is discussed in a framework of dynamics and stability, where religious contact between faith communities has both crystallized beliefs and identities and opened up new possibilities for alliances against the secular world.
Official Buddhism in Russia’s Politics and Education - Religion, Indigeneity, and Patriotism in Buryatia
Authors: Sablin Ivan
Published: November 2020

Focusing on organized Buddhism in the Republic of Buryatia and analyzing the statements of Khambo Lama Damba Aiusheev of the Buddhist Traditional Sangha of Russia and the textbooks used for teaching religion in public schools, the article discusses the different aspects of the relations between religion and state as applied to Buddhism in contemporary Russia in general and Buryatia in particular. The imperial politics of diversity management and especially the legacies of confessional governance in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union made the four “traditional religions”—Orthodox Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and Judaism—an important part of “federal” nation-building. Despite the overall desecularization of the Russian state and the long history of relations between the state and organized Buddhism, the predominantly Buryat, centralized organization Buddhist Traditional Sangha of Russia did not assert its claim to represent all Russian Buddhists. State efforts to establish a system of four “traditional religions,” providing inter alia a spiritual foundation for Russian patriotism, also did not succeed. Buddhism remained decentralized in both administrative and semantic terms and did not lose its connections to the communities outside Russia. In Buryatia itself, Shamanism and Orthodox Christianity continuously challenged attempts to present Buddhism as the only Buryat “traditional religion.”
Typologies and Argumentation Tactics in Religious Polemics - An Analysis of al-Jawāb al Sahih and the Cyprus Letter
Authors: Zwirahn Faris
Published: November 2020

Christian-Muslim polemical exchanges and the relationship between the two faiths’ religious authorities in the medieval period were often rigid. One exchange between Christian theologians in Cyprus and Muslim theologians in Damascus is evidently polemical and exemplifies the difficult relations that occurred early in the fourteenth century and the nature of challenging religious arguments. That is The Letter from the People of Cyprus and Ibn Taymiyya’s response to it. This article offers a new analysis through the perspective of particular theoretical typologies of religious polemics. Accordingly, the article shows that these two polemicists adhere to multiple scriptural and rational tactics in support of their biased understanding of religious truth and the definition of impeccable revelations. It also shows that both theologians were involved in forceful and sometimes contradictory argumentative techniques.
The Jewish-Christian Polemics in the Sermons of R. Shaul Serero of Fes (1566–1655)
Authors: Ohana Michal
Published: November 2020

R. Shaul Serero (1566–1655) served as the chief rabbi of Fes during the first half of the seventeenth century. Serero repeatedly devoted his annual sermons on the Sabbath preceding Passover to clarifying various aspects of the concept of redemption, one of the main subjects of the Jewish-Christian polemic. A review of these sermons reveals that Serero found it necessary to examine and refute the Christian dogma on three separate occasions on the Sabbath before Passover, in 1603, 1607, and 1611. Serero adopted and applied arguments from the traditional Sephardic polemics literature but adapted, edited, and expanded these arguments to shape the most appropriate argument.
The Shaykh and the Others - Sufi Perspectives on Jews and Christians in Late Ayyubid and Early Mamluk Egypt
Authors: Cecere Giuseppe
Published: November 2020

This paper focuses on Sufi attitudes towards Jews and Christians in Late Ayyubid and Early Mamluk Egypt, as reflected in hagiographic literature of the time. This will shed further light on interfaith relations in a society where Jews and Christians lived under Islamic rule in the condition of ahl al-dhimma (lit. “protected people”), implying an overall condition of social and juridical inferiority. With this in mind, works by four prominent Sufi authors have been analyzed: al-Risāla by Shaykh Ṣafī l-Dīn ibn Abī l-Manṣūr (d. 1283), al-Kitāb al-waḥīd by Shaykh Ibn Nūḥ al-Qūṣī (d. 1308), Laṭāʾif al-minan by Ibn ʿAṭāʾ Allāh al-Iskandarī (d. 1309), Durrat al-asrār by Ibn al-Ṣabbāgh (fl. 1320s). This first survey shows a wide variety of attitudes towards Jews and Christians, ranging from interreligious violence to dialogue for converting and also to mutual respect, while adhering to the principles of dhimma and maintaining hierarchical relationships between Islam and other religions.
Contested Space in a Contested Border Area: The Sint Jan in ‘s Hertogenbosch - Or: From Bosch to the Ten Commandments
Authors: Esser Raingard
Published: November 2020

This article investigates contemporary perceptions of church space in the border town of ‘s Hertogenbosch in the aftermath of the Peace of Westphalia. Through a close reading of two chorographies, the study sheds light on ways in which historians can try to grasp contemporary views on what mattered in a church interior in the contested border areas of the Generality Lands, regions in the Dutch Republic, where the Calvinist political elite remained a minority. The study alerts us to the temporality of changes to church interiors and its embeddedness in local and regional circumstances.