bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capítulo 3: Diversidade biológica e redes ecológicas na Amazônia
Authors: Zapata-Ríos Galo , Andreazzi Cecilia S , Carnaval Ana Carolina , Rodrigues da Costa Doria Carolina , Duponchelle Fabrice , Flecker Alexander , Guayasamin Juan Manuel , Heilpern Sebastian , Jenkins Clinton N , Maldonado Carla , Meneghelli Diego , Miranda Guido , Moraes R. Mónica , Silman Miles , Pinheiro de Almeida Silveira Maria Aurea , Tabet Gabriella , Trujillo Fernando , Ulloa Ulloa Carmen , Arieira Julia
Published: April 2024

Este capítulo fornece uma visão geral da biodiversidade na Amazônia, discute as razões pelas quais essa região é tão rica em espécies e ecossistemas e descreve alguns processos ecológicos incríveis que tornam a Amazônia um ícone do mundo natural. Os grupos taxonômicos terrestres e aquáticos apresentados ilustram o quanto sabemos sobre a diversidade na Amazônia e, mais importante, o quanto ainda não sabemos. É crucial haver um entendimento claro dos níveis de biodiversidade e suas variações espaciais e temporais a fim de compreender a estabilidade futura em cenários de mudanças climáticas, mudanças no uso da terra, fragmentação florestal e desmatamento e, assim, fundamentar iniciativas de conservação e restauração.
Capítulo 9: Povos da Amazônia e Colonização Europeia (Séculos 16 – 18)
Authors: Cuvi Nicolás , Guiteras Mombiola Anna , Lehm Ardaya Zulema
Published: April 2024

Este capítulo cobre a história da Amazônia entre os séculos 16 e 18, inclusive os mitos originados naquela época e que continuam até o presente, influenciando as relações políticas e sociais. Também destaca os principais atores envolvidos nesse processo e suas narrativas. Finalmente, demonstra como a extração de recursos naturais tem sido acompanhada pela submissão e exploração da força de trabalho e pelo desenvolvimento de múltiplas formas de dominação e extermínio, especialmente dos povos Indígenas, desde a era da conquista europeia.
Knowledge of Peptic Ulcer Prevention among Nurses in a Baghdad Teaching Hospitals
Authors:   Instructor, PhD., Adult Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, Najm Massara Abdullah , Majeed Haider Mohammed ,   Assistant Professor, PhD., Adult Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, Abed Rajaa Ibrahim ,   Professor, PhD., Adult Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: April 2024

Background: Perforation is a serious complication of Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)and cases with perforated peptic ulcer regularly carries high threat for morbidity and mortality. Acute perforated peptic ulcer is a leading source of generalized peritonitis and its management has continued to be a gruelling task in moderate source setting environment. In this article, I have assessed nurses’ knowledge-related prevention of peptic ulcer. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional design was carried out at Baghdad Teaching Hospitals for the period between 20th November 2022 to 20th April 2023. A non-probability sampling was used among 50 nurses. A study instrument was constructed to collect data of knowledge-related prevention of peptic ulcer, which consists of two parts. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 26.0 version. Descriptive and inductive statistics were utilized to summarize the results. Results: In study, half of the study samples 52% were male, 66% were age range from 19 – 29 years, 58% were married martial, 40% were graduated from college of nursing, and 76% haven’t any training course. The results also show 74% of nurses have a smoking history, the study indicated that nurses had moderate knowledge about prevention of peptic ulcer. Conclusion: The study showed that the level of nurses’ knowledge concerning peptic ulcer was moderate. Also, there were no significant relationships between nurse’s knowledge concerning peptic ulcer and their sociodemographic characteristics. Keywords: knowledge, peptic ulcer, nurses, cross-sectional study, Baghdad, Iraq
Optimization of Problems with Multi-Objective Functions and their Applications in Engineering
Authors: Soni Ras Bihari , Singh Dr. Dharamender , Sharma Dr. K. C.
Published: April 2024

Many real-world optimization issues typically have multiple competing goals. There is generally no solution in those multi-objective optimization problems that optimizes all objective functions at the same time. Rather, "efficient" in terms of all objective function’s solutions known as Pareto optimum solutions are presented. We typically have a large number of Pareto-optimal options. As a result, we must choose a final solution from among Pareto optimal solutions while considering the objective function balance; this process is known as "trade-off analysis." It is not hyperbole to state that trade-off analysis is the most crucial task in multi-objective optimization. As a result, the methodology's ease of use and comprehension for trade-off analysis should be highlighted. The set of Pareto optimal solutions in the objective function space, or Pareto frontier, can be represented somewhat simply in circumstances when there are two or three objective functions. We can fully understand the trade-off relationship between objectives when we see Pareto boundaries. Thus, in scenarios with two or three objectives, it would be the most appropriate technique to represent Pareto borders. Reading the trade-off relationship between objectives with three dimensions, however, may be challenging. Nonetheless, Pareto frontier cannot be represented in situations where there are more than three objectives. In this case, interactive techniques can assist us in performing a local trade-off analysis that reveals a "certain" Pareto optimal option. Many techniques have been devised, with variations in which the Pareto optimal solution is displayed. The main concerns of such multi-objective optimization techniques, especially as they relate to engineering design problems, are covered in this study.
Synergistic Integration of Advanced Control Strategies for Comprehensive PID Controller Tuning using MATLAB
Authors: Tuhin Saiful Islam , Masum Md. Arif Hasan , Araf Md. Al , Uddin M. Mohi
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the impact of Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) tuning on system performance through comprehensive measurements before and after tuning. The parameters analyzed include rise-time, settling-time, overshoot, undershoot, and peak time. Prior to tuning, the system exhibited significant deficiencies, characterized by prolonged rise and settling times, substantial overshoot and undershoot, and extended peak time. Following PID tuning, notable improvements were observed across all parameters. The rise time and settling time were dramatically reduced, indicating a faster system response and improved stability. Moreover, overshoot and undershoot were effectively minimized, leading to greater accuracy and precision in the system's output. These findings underscore the efficacy of PID tuning in optimizing system performance and achieving desired control objectives.
Impact of Salt Tectonics on Temperatures Distribution Revealed by RSCM Thermometry in the SW Alps (France)
Authors:   Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Total, LFCR, Pau, France, Célini Naïm , Callot Jean-Paul , Lahfid Abdeltif , Mouthereau Frédéric
Published: April 2024

Evaporites have a strong impact on the structural and sedimentary evolution of sedimentary basins and fold-and-thrust belts. They also have a thermal conductivity that can be more important than other sedimentary rocks and are thus able to modify the thermal history of these sedimentary basins and fold-and-thrust belts. Even though this property is known and has been of interest for the oil and gas industry, no field examples have been studied trying to decipher how salt rock impacts temperature distribution in fold-and-thrust belts. In this paper, we use the Raman Spectroscopy on Carbonaceous Material (RSCM) to track the record of the peak thermal event around three salt structures from the southern sub-Alpine fold-and-thrust belt in SE France. These three salt structures are (1) the Astoin allochthonous salt sheet and the associated overturned megaflap, (2) the Rocher de Hongrie and (3) the Daluis diapir. Our results show that the resulting record of peak temperatures around the structures is different depending on the type of salt structure and its kinematic. The Astoin structure shows that salt tectonics during the Jurassic-Cretaceous has impacted the temperature distribution around the allochthonous salt sheet while at Daluis and the Rocher de Hongrie, the temperatures have overprinted an already existing salt-related structure. The impact of the salt structure on temperature distribution is always local but the interpretation of the RSCM temperatures may systematically be difficult without considering early salt tectonics in the structural evolution of the area.
ON THE HABITATION OF SOPRANO PIPISTRELLE PIPISTRELLUS PYGMAEUS (LEACH, 1825) IN THE CIS-URALS AND THE URALS
Authors: SNITKO V.P. , SNITKO L.V.
Published: April 2024

Literature data and new data on the distribution of bats of the Pipistrellus pipistrellus/pygmaeus complex in the Cis-Urals and the Urals are summarized. During the expeditionary work of 2015-2018 and 2023, the habitation of Soprano Pipistrelle P. pygmaeus was established in the Udmurt Republic, the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Orenburg region, and the search for Common Pipistrelle P. pipistrellus s. str., as well as in the adjacent territories of the Volga region, did not give a positive result. Previously cited in literary sources, information about the habitation of P. pipistrellus in the Cis-Urals and the Urals was not supported by museum copies, so they cannot be veri ed. In this regard, we believe that all indications of nds in the Cis-Urals and Urals Common Pipistrelle P. pipistrellus made by other authors should be attributed to the form P. pygmaeus. In total, we caught ten individuals of P. pygmaeus (6♀♀ad, 3♀♀ and 1♂ sad). In examined animals, morphometric indicators and external diagnostic signs turned out to be typical for the species. Soprano Pipistrelle is found in oodplain forests in lowland and low-mountain areas with heights up to 250 m above sea level. The Cis-Urals and Urals are included in the eld of breeding by females of P. pygmaeus, as evidenced by the ndings of adult females and subadalt. Adult males in the study area were not recorded. Beyond the Ural Range, the nds of P. pygmaeus are unknown, thus, the western foothills of the Urals are the eastern border of the distribution of the species. The seasonal movement routes and wintering sites are not known. In the Cis-Urals and Urals, Soprano Pipistrelle is a very rare, locally common species. To preserve populations and identify ecological features of the habitat of P. pygmaeus on the border of the range, it is advisable to conduct monitoring studies and add the species to the Red Books of the Udmurt Republic, the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Orenburg Region.
LE AF DEVELOPMENT IN CURIO MUIRII (L. BOLUS) VAN JAARSV. (ASTERACEAE - SENECIONEAE)
Authors: FEDOTOV A.P. , OZEROVA L.V. , TIMONIN A.C.
Published: April 2024

Curio muirii is the only species in the genus with bifacial leaves, making it crucial for understanding leaf evolution in this group. Leaf development can be divided into three stages: initiation, bizonal primordium, and intercalary growth. The developing leaves of C. muirii are bifacial and resemble those of other angiosperms from inception to the end of the bizonal primordium stage. However, as in monocots, the primary vascular bundles differentiate at the end of the bizonal primordium stage. The unifacial forerunner tip, which is recognized for Curio species but unknown for other eudicots, is the rst discernible part of the de nitive leaf. The leaf blade and petiole in C. muirii are distinctive in their biphasic development during the intercalary stage. The petiole grows faster than the leaf blade during the rst phase. During the second phase, the lamina overcomes the petiole in terms of length. In the developing leaf blade, the marginal meristem was not found. Adaxial meristem activity causes the leaf base to thicken unevenly during intercalary growth and envelopes the younger leaf primordium in the resultant depression.
ADAPTATION OF PHYTOPHAGES AND PHYTOPATHOGENS TO NEOPHYTES OF THE GENUS IMPATIENS L. (BALSAMINACEAE) IN MOSCOW REGION
Authors: KUKLINA A.G. , KASHTANOVA O.A. , TKACHENKO O.B.
Published: April 2024

Results of a five-year study of phytophages and phytopathogens in the Moscow region on two invasive species of the genus Impatiens L. (Balsaminaceae): I. parviflora DC. and I. grandi ora Royl. are presented. The damaging complex consists of representatives of herbivorous polyphages, fungal pathogens, phytoviruses and indicates the adaptation of autochthonous phytotrophic organisms. 6 phytophages and 4 pathogens of fungal diseases at I. parvi ora, and 5 phytophages, 4 fungal phytopathogens and 3 phytoviruses at I. glandulifera were found. During the study period, there was no critical increase in the density of populations of harmful arthropod species and the development of epiphytoties.
TAXONOMIC DIVERSITY OF BENTHIC ALGOFLORA OFF THE WESTERN COAST OF THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA
Authors: EVSTIGNEEVA I.K. , TANKOVSKAYA I.N.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of the study of benthic flora along the western coast of the Crimean Peninsula (Sevastopol region, Black Sea) in the summer of 2020. Hydrobotanical studies covered the water areas of Cape Tyubek, Lukull, VaiVai, Margopulo, Nemetskaya and Yazykovaya Balka. The flora included macroalgae of 74 species from the departments Chlorophyta, Heterokontophyta and Rhodophyta. The identified taxonomic composition was characterized by high species saturation of suprageneric taxa and low genus coefficient (1.1–2.0), coincidence of the proportion “order/family” in the divisions and in the whole algoflora, as well as “order/family/genus” in Heterokontophyta and Rhodophyta. The basis of taxonomic diversity was the following Rhodophyta (Ceramiales, Corallinaceae, Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiaceae), Chlorophyta (Cladophorales, Ulvales, Cladophoraceae, Ulvaceae), Heterokontophyta (Ectocarpales, Chordariaceae). Multispecies orders and families united from 55 to 88% of the total number of species found. High species diversity was characteristic of the genera Cladophora, Ulva, Polysiphonia and Ceramium. Seventeen species included in the national Red Data Books and international lists were found in the studied areas of the western coastal zone, which indicates the conservation significance of the study area. The large proportion of permanent species, their high joint contribution with additional species, the presence of maximum occurrence in a quarter of species (100%), and the average value of Jaccard’s coefficient (60%) testified to the spatial homogeneity of the species composition in the studied water area, which corresponded to relatively uniform habitat conditions of hydrobionts along the open sea coasts. Spatial changes in taxonomic composition were moderate (Cv = 9–26%). The difference in the extreme values of the absolute number of taxa was insignificant (by 30-50%). Among the departments, Chlorophyta was characterized by the lowest variation in the number of taxa, and Rhodophyta – by the highest. The increase in the difference between the extreme values of the absolute number of taxa was realized in the direction of orders < families < genera < species. The results of phytoindication indicate the warm-water character of the flora and the emerging trend of increasing trophicity of algal habitat in the study area.
Narrativt skrivande i årskurs 1
Authors: Ridell Kim
Published: April 2024

I denna fallstudie analyseras narrativt parskrivande i två skrivsituationer med sju elever från årskurs 1. De två situationerna utmärker sig genom olika iscensatta läranderesurser för att uppmärksamma eleverna på flera berättelseelement. Utifrån ett designteoretiskt ramverk undersöks hur elevernas situerade intresse promptas mot berättelseelementen och hur eleverna i samtal och skrivande re-designar berättelseelement.
Analysen är genomförd i tre faser där 1) berättelseelement identifieras, 2) prompt­ningarna av elementen i de olika läranderesurserna, modelltext och två grafiska modeller, sätts i relation till varandra, och 3) berättelseelementens möjliga funktioner i ett narrativ problematiseras. Underlaget består av tre läranderesurser, transkriptioner av elevernas samtal under skrivprocesserna, deras skrivna texter och transkriptioner av efterföljande parintervjuer där eleverna reflekterar över sitt skrivande och berättelser.
Resultaten visar att de olika läranderesurserna erbjuder eleverna olika uttryck för berättelsestrukturer. Strukturerna re-designas med en variation av en- och flerepisodisk struktur i de olika skrivsituationerna. Eleverna visar också ett genomgående intresse för att bygga spänning och stöper om berättelseelement som karaktärsdialoger för att uppnå detta. Berättarperspektiv, som enligt tidigare forskning brukar skifta i unga elevers berättelser, är konsekvent i tredjeperson. Det speglar hur läranderesurserna modellerar berättarperspektiv i båda skrivsituationer. Trots att röd tråd begreppsliggörs i en av de grafiska modellerna har eleverna svårt att specificera hur en röd tråd realiseras i en berättelse. Deras förslag är i stället exempel på sagor utan en röd tråd. Likt tidigare studier påvisas också att elevernas skrivprocesser präglas av ett starkt fokus på lokal textnivå, trots att läranderesurserna uppmärksammar andra berättelseelement.
The Imposter by Jurgis Karnavicius: A Ballet-Fantasy on a Historical Plot
Authors:   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music, Vagero Anton , Pilipenko Nina V. ,   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music
Published: April 2024

One of the first Lithuanian composers to work in the genre of ballet was Jurgis Karnavičius (1884–1941). In 1928 he introduced a choreographic scene based on his tone poem The Lithuanian Rhapsody, that engaged interest in the genre of ballet among Lithuanian composers. Afterwords Karnavičius composed four full-length ballets that were offered to a variety of European theatres. Unfortunately, due to the events of World War II, there had not been any production of the ballet organized. Fortunately, the musical material of the ballet was preserved, including The Imposter (1940). The libretto written by Elena Pavlovna France is based on historical events in Russian history of the first decade of the 17th century — the beginning of the Time of Troubles. The main characters of the ballet are the future tsar-imposter False Dmitry I and Marina Mniszech, whose fates are tied to both Russian, Polish and Lithuanian history. The ballet was influenced by the works of great Russian composers, such as Boris Godunov by Modest Mussorgsky and A Life for the Tsar by Mikhail Glinka, most specifically, their “Polish acts.” At the same time, The Imposter added new plot motives that allow us to see the uprising of False Dmitry from a different perspective. Karnavičius’ ballet continues to be preserved in the Lithuanian Archive of Literature and Music up to the present day. The hope remains that these materials shall not only be published, but also performed.
POWER QUALITY ENHANCEMENT OF H-BRIDGE INDIRECT OUTPUT VOLTAGE BY CHANGING TIME DISTRIBUTION OF VOLTAGE STATUS 0 AND DIFFERENT 0
Authors:   Le Quy Don Technical University, Le Duc Tiep
Published: April 2024

This article proposes a plan to improve the quality of the output AC voltage of the H-bridge inverter based on the change of the law of distribution of zero and non-zero voltage states of the inverter when controlling the H-bridge inverter. The results were surveyed, analyzed, compared, and evaluated by simulation model on Matlab-Simulink software. In which the fundamental harmonic level index and the total harmonic distortion (THD) are used to compare, analyze and evaluate the quality of H-bridge inverter output voltages in different switching modes such as pulse width modulation according to sine law (sinPWM), pulse width adjustment (SIR) and the proposed improved pulse width modulation law. The results show that the H-bridge inverter output voltage form with improved sequential switching law gives better quality than the original. This result has practical significance in the research and design of power conversion circuits for AC power transmission systems.
Conceding Sentiment Prognosis on Twitter Data
Authors: Malhotra Anshu , Sethi Nishu
Published: April 2024

Twitter is the biggest micro-blogging website that gives people a platform to share their opinions about any new happenings around the world. The size of tweets is generally short which makes it very suitable for opinion mining. The key focus of the paper is to analyze the feelings and ideas. In this paper, analysis is done on the classification of tweets on a particular keyword. The tweets related to the given keyword are collected, analyzed, and the result is generated in the form of percentage of positive, neutral and negative sentiments, which gives us a sense of overall sentiment of the keyword. Further, Classification is done using supervised learning algorithms and the best among these will be found by calculating the accuracy of each.
ROBÔCHICAS: Capacitação e Empoderamento Feminino nas Ciências e Tecnologias
Authors: Oliveira Amanda Vilas Boas , Silva Ana Carolina Balbino , Rosa Fernanda Oliveira Santos , Natividade Gabriele dos Santos , Oliveira Leticia Silva , Santos Yasmin Solrac Ribeiro dos , Jesus Tamires dos Santos de , Assis Larissa Vitória Maturino , Lemos Ana Carolina Santana de , Sena Andre Luis Sousa
Published: April 2024

O Clube de Robótica RobôChicas é um projeto proposto e desenvolvido pela iniciativa de estudantes do Instituto de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (ICTI) da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). Este artigo apresenta um relato de experiência do projeto e objetivos alcançados através de diversas atividades desenvolvidas como oficinas, cursos e atividades nas áreas de Programação, Prototipagem Eletrônica com Arduino, Modelagem 3D, Automação e Robótica. Assim pretendemos incentivar outras iniciativas como forma de promover a participação e o interesse ativo das mulheres nas áreas de ciência, tecnologia, engenharia, com um foco especial a computação e a robótica.
Método Crank-Nicolson (2 + 1) Para Busca de Soluções Para a Equação de Wheeler-DeWitt
Authors: Brumatto Hamilton J. , Monerat Germano A.
Published: April 2024

Neste trabalho fazemos o uso do método de diferenças finitas no esquema Crank-nicolson (2+1) para a quantização dos modelos de Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW) com curvatura positiva (k = 1), campo escalar conformalmente acoplado à gravitação e um fluido de radiação. Tais modelos ainda não possuem soluções numéricas. Na abordagem criamos uma biblioteca modelo genérica para solução de problemas semelhantes.
Protótipo para a Avaliação de Acessibilidade no Espaço Urbano Sob a Ótica de Cidades Inteligentes
Authors: Santos Mailson Piedade dos , Oliveira Neto João Soares de
Published: April 2024

Tornar as cidades mais inteligentes facilitará a comunicação, bem como trará mais qualidade de vida para os cidadãos. Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar a concepção de um protótipo para dispositivos móveis, no qual tem o intuito de avaliar pontos de acessibilidades em locais públicos e privados com o propósito de fomentar o desenvolvimento na pesquisa em cidades inteligentes e introduzir mais acessibilidade e mobilidade nas cidades. Como resultado, foram desenvolvidas cinco telas do aplicativo para smartphones, a princípio, especificamente para o sistema operacional Android; focando como serão captadas as informações do usuário, sendo rápidas, dinâmicas e acessíveis. Diante disso, foi descrito como o aplicativo, em conjunto com a pesquisa e a sociedade, poderá agregar um diálogo mais assertivo entre a prefeitura e suas secretarias.
Estimulando a Criatividade e Inovação nas Escolas Municipais: Explorando o Pensamento Computacional por Meio de Oficinas de Programação em Blocos para Alunos do 9º Ano
Authors: Santos Gabriella de Jesus , Nascimento Ivanildo Santos , Santos Henrique de Oliveira , Farias Mário André de Freitas , Santos Júnior Gilson Pereira dos , Bispo Selma Amélia de Souza , Oliveira Catuxe Varjão de Santana , Pereira Telma Amélia de Souza
Published: April 2024

O projeto ofertou oficinas de programação em blocos para estudantes do 9º ano de escolas com IDEB entre 2,3 e 3,1. O objetivo foi desenvolver habilidades de Pensamento Computacional no contexto de economia 4.0 e cidades inteligentes, por meio da criação de aplicativos móveis usando metodologias ativas. As oficinas foram divididas em ciclos e envolveram escolas municipais. Foram capacitados 151 estudantes, que receberam um certificado de 25 horas ao concluírem as oficinas.
Comparison of Modified Mallampati Classification in Supine and Sitting Positions to Predict Difficult Tracheal Intubation in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Sarah Jacob Diya , Bhat Sonal , Vasudev Rao Sunil
Published: April 2024

Background: Airway management of patients with long-standing diabetes poses a major challenge for anaesthesiologists due to stiff joint syndrome affecting the atlanto-occipital joint. In certain cases requiring immobilization, the Mallampati test must often be performed in the supine position for obvious reasons. Objectives: Hence, we determined the diagnostic precision (sensitivity and specificity) of the modified Mallampati test in sitting and supine positions among the diabetic population in predicting difficult tracheal intubation. Methods: A single-center prospective observational study on adult diabetic patients undergoing general anesthesia and orotracheal intubation was carried out. An observer recorded the modified Mallampati in the sitting posture during the pre-anesthetic examination. The Mallampati in the supine position was determined while in the operating room, and the difficulty of intubation was noted, and diagnostic precision was calculated. The main objective was to predict a difficult airway by calculating the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. Results: Out of the 150 participants, Mallampati grading in a sitting position was correctly able to identify 42.5% of difficult intubation cases, whereas it was 97.5% with Mallampati in the supine position. Mallampati grading in the sitting position was able to correctly identify 89.1% of easy intubation cases, which was 63.6% with Mallampati in the supine position. The correlation of Mallampati in the supine position with CL grading was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Among diabetic patients, the modified Mallampati test in the supine position can be considered a more accurate and sensitive predictor of difficult intubation than the sitting posture.
Treatment Methods of Language and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Naming Impairment Resulted from the Primary Progressive Aphasia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Farhadi Neda , Yousefzade Fahime , Rahimi Alireza , Ghasisin Leila
Published: April 2024

Context: Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurological condition characterized by the gradual and progressive deterioration of language abilities, typically occurring before the age of 65. Naming impairments are a primary and consistent issue in PPA. In light of the absence of effective pharmacological treatments, numerous studies over the past few decades have explored the efficacy of language therapy and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in reducing the functional impacts of word-finding difficulties in everyday life. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the language therapy methods and tDCS techniques used to address naming impairments in PPA. Data Sources: The research involved searching the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and ProQuest databases using keywords relevant to studies conducted from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2022. This review focused on case reports, case series, cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies (observational studies) published in English, following the PICO criteria. Data Extraction: The initial search yielded 349 articles. Results: After a thorough review, 43 studies were selected for inclusion in this research. Among these, 27 studies focused on language therapy methods, three studies examined tDCS, and 13 articles investigated a combination of language therapy methods and tDCS. The JBR guidelines were adhered to throughout the review process. Conclusions: The findings from these studies indicate that language therapy methods, tDCS, and their combination are effective in treating naming deficiencies in patients with primary progressive aphasia.
The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Emotion Regulation, Behavioral Symptoms, and Academic Performance of Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Hosseini Seyyed Kambiz , Johari Fard Reza , Talebzadeh Shoushtari Marzieh
Published: April 2024

Background: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently struggle with emotional regulation, behavioral issues, and academic performance, leading to peer rejection and social isolation. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on emotion regulation, behavioral symptoms, and academic performance of children with ADHD. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted using a pretest-posttest design. The study population consisted of all primary school students with ADHD aged 7 - 11, as well as their mothers, in Amol in 2021. A purposive sample of 30 individuals was selected for the study. Participants were assigned to either the ACT training group (n = 15) or the control group (n = 15) through a simple random allocation. The participants in the study filled out questionnaires on emotion regulation, children's behavioral symptoms, and academic performance. The data was analyzed using an analysis of covariance. Results: In the pretest phase, the scores for adaptive emotion regulation strategies, maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, behavioral symptoms, and academic performance were 43.07 ± 6.05, 65.13 ± 9.27, 91.20 ± 12.58, and 128.47 ± 29.84, respectively; whereas in the posttest phase, they were 61.20 ± 8.01, 52.00 ± 6.00, 67.13 ± 12.73, and 159.73 ± 21.11, respectively. Acceptance and commitment therapy resulted in enhanced emotion regulation strategies and academic performance, as well as a decrease in behavioral symptoms in children with ADHD (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Given the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy training in emotion regulation, behavioral symptoms, and academic performance, this approach may be employed by counselors and psychologists at counseling and psychotherapy centers to help remedy ADHD.
Spiritual Health and COVID-Related Anxiety Among Adolescents with and Without Chronic Disease
Authors: Moghimian Reihane , Babaie Mohadese , Amiri Siamak , Moharamkhani Mona , Dalvand Shadi , Shirinabadi Farahani Azam
Published: April 2024

Background: Spiritual health has been linked to the mental health of adolescents. Yet, the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the spiritual health of adolescents with chronic diseases, as opposed to the mental health of their healthy counterparts in Iran, has not been explored. Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the association between spiritual health and COVID-19-induced anxiety among adolescents, both with and without chronic diseases. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 85 adolescents with chronic diseases (selected through convenience sampling) and 80 adolescents without chronic diseases (selected through cluster random sampling) in Tehran, Iran. The Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS) and the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS) were utilized for data collection. Results: The findings indicated that anxiety levels related to COVID-19 were significantly higher among adolescents with chronic diseases compared to their healthy peers (P = 0.001). Additionally, spiritual well-being was significantly lower in adolescents with chronic diseases than in healthy adolescents (P = 0.001). Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic appears to be linked to psychological and spiritual vulnerabilities in adolescents with chronic diseases, suggesting a need for psychological support and special consideration for these individuals.
The Ethics of Engineering Ethics Education
Authors: Zhu Qin , Kim Dayoung , Snieder Roel ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we argue that engineering ethics education does have moral implications. More specifically, practices in engineering ethics education can lead to negative moral consequences if not conducted appropriately. Engineering ethics educators are often passionate about teaching students ways to examine the ethical implications of engineering and technology. However, ethics educators may overlook the moral significance of their instructional classroom practices. In this paper, we discuss two issues: First, we discuss the moral impacts of ethics curriculum and pedagogies on students’ learning experiences. Then we discuss the professional responsibilities of educators who are involved in designing ethics learning experiences for engineering students. The reflections presented in this paper will serve as catalysts for more comprehensive discussions regarding the impact of engineering ethics education on the ethical development of engineering students.
“Green” economy as a new type of development: situation and future of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Kuanova L. А. , Temirbek А.
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes the features of the development of the “green” economy in Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan's energy sector needs deep modernization to meet growing energy needs and solve environmental problems, as the progress is hampered by outdated technologies. The capabilities of wind energy and traditional energy sources were compared. The authors have argued that the key factor in using “green” business in Kazakhstan is the need to reduce the negative impact of energy on the environment. This study confirms that renewable energy sources are a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels. Currently, the specific capital investments required for the construction of renewable energy facilities are equivalent to those required for traditional energy. However, there is a noticeable trend of increasing financial costs for equipment for traditional energy and decreasing for alternative energy. It is clear, that the sustainable development requires government support. Including renewable energy sources in a competitive energy market has a great value and importance. From an economic point of view, alternative energy sources are currently more cost-effective than traditional ones. From an environmental perspective, the competitiveness of renewable energy sources is affected by increasing pollution and waste disposal costs associated with nuclear power. Furthermore, from a political point of view, a country's energy potential directly affects its economic potential, so the development of alternative energy strengthens both political independence and national security.
Correlation between taxes and inflation in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Bekbossinova А. S. , Yelikbayeva D. , Dinmukhamedkyzy I. , Zhumabay А.
Published: April 2024

A comprehensive study is pivotal for adeptly articulating the intricate interplay between tax policy and inflation within the global economic framework. This exploration elucidates the consequential relationship between taxation adjustments and inflationary trends, providing a bedrock for harmonizing international policy. By deploying econometric methodologies, the analysis meticulously examines data sourced from official channels over a specified timeframe to ascertain the correlation magnitude between these critical economic indicators. The study meticulously considers various determinants that could influence the taxes-inflation nexus, such as the unemployment rate, average wage levels, and the spectrum of tax indicators within a nation. Central to this inquiry is the examination of how alterations in tax policy - specifically tax rate modifications—impact inflationary pressures. This examination is instrumental in furnishing policymakers with the insights required to calibrate tax policies adeptly, thereby mitigating inflation risks while fostering sustainable economic expansion. In delving into these dynamics, the research enriches the corpus of knowledge on the implications of fiscal policy for macroeconomic stability. The analytical outcomes derived from the data not only enhance our comprehension of the complex interplay between taxation and inflation but also serve as a crucial resource for crafting efficacious economic strategies. This contribution is of immense value to the discourse on fiscal policy's role in achieving macroeconomic objectives, underpinning the study's significance in informing policy formulation and international economic cooperation aimed at minimizing adverse global economic impacts.
Challenging the Criminalization of Undocumented Drivers Through a Health-Justice Framework
Authors: Cade Jason A.
Published: April 2024

States increasingly use driver’s license laws to further policy objectives unrelated to road safety. This symposium contribution employs a health justice lens to focus on one manifestation of this trend—state schemes that prohibit noncitizen residents from accessing driver’s licenses and then impose criminal sanctions for driving without authorization. Status-based no-l icense laws not only facilitate legally questionable enforcement of local immigration priorities but also impose structural inequities with long-term health consequences for immigrants and their family members, including US citizen children. Safe, reliabletransportation is a significant social determinant of health for individuals, families, and communities. Applying a health justice lens to the weaponization of no-license laws against noncitizens will both catalyze new legal challenges and create momentum for coalition building and policy reforms.
Impact of ECJ Case Law on the Harmonization of Inheritance and Gift Taxation in the European Union
Authors: Linseis P.
Published: April 2024

The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the legal and economic effects of ECJ case law on inheritance and gift taxation. The results show that ECJ case law has had a significant influence on the development of inheritance and gift tax legislation in the European Union in terms of reducing discrimination between purely national and cross-border cases. One problem, however, is that the economic effects of the decisions are ambivalent, which leads one to question the efficacy of the Court in contributing to the establishment of an internal market.
LITERATUR REVIEW : IMPLEMENTATION OF TARGET COSTING IN MSMEs
Authors: Nur Israq Fauziah  , Aristanti Widyaningsih  , Denny Andriana
Published: April 2024

The process of determining the highest costs that can be incurred during the manufacture of a new product is known as target costing. Within the constraints of a given maximum cost, a profitable prototype is then designed. Target costing is a method that is suitable for use by Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Indonesia to increase profits. The research method uses a literature review using 32 relevant articles. Of the 32 articles, several articles stated that the company had implemented predetermined costing targets. One of the articles that has implemented target costing is Gunung Seulawah MSMEs in the food sector, which shows that the company can optimize profits well and achieve profits of more than 25% compared to other MSMEs. Many studies have helped implement target costing in several MSMEs from various different sectors, which it is hoped will help the community to implement it so that it can increase profits to help the progress of MSMEs.
PEREKAYASAAN PELAPORAN KEUANGAN GUNA MENCAPAI TUJUAN EKONOMIK
Authors: Melta Afrianti
Published: April 2024

Pelaporan keuangan merupakan suatu struktur yang mengambarkan sebuah proses bagaimana informasi keuangan disediakan dan dilaporkan untuk mencapai tujuan pelaporan keuangan yang nantinya akan membantu pencapaian tujuan ekonomik dan sosial negara. Banyaknya manipulasi dan merekayasakan pelaporan keuangan di perusahaan swasta dan pemerintah membuat masyarakat penasaran bagaimana prosesnya bisa terjadi. Perusahaan-perusahaan yang menyalahgunakan perekayasaan pelaporan keuangan ini dapat menimbulkan pandangan buruk bagi masyarakat mengenai perekayasaan. Dapat kita ketahui bahwa perekayasaan yang dilakukan oleh sebuah organisasi yang sesungguhnya dilakukan untuk mempermudah para pengguna laporan keuangan dalam menganalisis laporan keuangannya. Akan tetapi kebanyakan dari perekayasaan ini dapat merugikan banyak pihak pengguna laporan keuangan. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep perekayasaan pelaporan keuangan dan manfaat dari perekayasaan pelaporan keuangan agar mampu memberikan informasi yang rasiional dan tidak merugikan pihak manapun guna mengharmonisasi atau menyelaraskan standar akuntansi di seluruh dunia agar laporan keuangan dapat dibandingkan dengan lebih mudah dan konsisten. Jenis penelitian ini adalah metode jenis kualitatif karena jenis data yang dapat diamati yang tidak dihitung.
PENGARUH BEBAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN MELALUI STRES KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA KCP JAMBI DR. SUTOMO
Authors: Iriansyah Pandu , Adriani Zulfina , Sumarni Sumarni
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beban kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan melalui stres kerja sebagai variabel intervening pada Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Jambi Dr. Sutomo. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Kuantitatif dengan Populasi sebanyak 40 Orang dari seluruh karyawan Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Jambi Dr. Sutomo. Data ini dikumpulkan dengan observasi, wawancara dan kuesioner. Berdasarkan perhitungan dengan menggunakan SMARTPLS versi 3.0 diperoleh hasil bahwa beban kerja memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Beban kerja memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap stres kerja. Stres kerja memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dan stres kerja dapat memdiasi pengaruh tidak langsung anatara beban kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan.
Kata Kunci: Beban Kerja, Kinerja Karyawan, Stres Kerja.
ANALISIS KINERJA BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA (BUMDES) DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT DESA (DI DESA GELOMBANG KECAMATAN SEMIDANG ALAS MARAS (SAM) KABUPATEN SELUMA)
Authors: Hestiana Agustri , Faridah Faridah , Romdana Romdana
Published: April 2024

Badan usaha milik desa (BUMDes) merupakan badan usaha yang diberikan oleh pemerintahan kepada desa, agar potensi yang ada di desa dapat dimanfaatkan untuk membentuk program unit usaha yang melibatkan masyarakat dalam mengelola usaha dan membantu bidang keuangan desa sehingga berdirinya badan usaha milik desa (BUMDes) dapat menunjung dalam meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat. Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang analisis kinerja badan usaha milik desa (BUMDes) dalam meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat desa Gelombang  Kecamatan Semidang Alas Maras Kabupaten Seluma. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah : 1. Bagaimanakah kinerja badan usaha milik desa (BUMDes) dalam meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat desa Gelombang Kecamatan Semidang Alas Maras Kabupaten Seluma. 2. Bagaimanakah peran serta masyarakat desa terhadap program badan usaha milik desa (BUMDes) di desa Gelombang Kecamatan Semidang Alas Maras Kabupaten Seluma. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa analisis kinerja badan usaha milik desa (BUMDes) dalam meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat desa Gelombang telah membantu pendapatan masyarakat dan strategi yang digunakan oleh pengelola badan usaha milik desa (BUMDes) telah mampu meningkatkan sektor ekonomi, pendapatan, dan sektor keuangan desa sebagai serta dampak pencapaian berupa output berupa keberhasilan dalam meningkatan perekonomian masyarakat desa Gelombang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan teknik: observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, kepustakaan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis reduksi data, penyajian data, menarikan kesimpulan dan verivikasi dari Milles dan Huberman.
IMPLIKASI KEBIJAKAN PERUBAHAN STATUS KAWASAN TAMAN WISATA ALAM KE AREAL PENGGUNAAN LAIN DI KAMPUNG JENGGALU KITO KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Hestiana Agustri , Faridah Faridah , Romdana Romdana
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apa saja tindakan dari aktor langsung (Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi, Pemerintah Kota Bengkulu) maupun tidak langsung terhadap perubahan status kawasan wisata Perubahan atau peralihan fungsi hutan taman wisata alam merupakan salah satu bagian dari pengelolaan hutan. Hal ini pula yang terjadi di Kampung Jenggalu Kito yakni perubahan dari Taman Wisata Alam menjadi kawasan Areal Penggunaan Lain. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data yakni melalui proses wawancara mendalam (indepht interview) kepada beberapa informasi serta dari sumber-sumber lain yang berhubungan dengan penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan perubahan status Taman Wisata Alam memberikan dua implikasi penting. Pertama, aktor langsung yang memanfaatkan adanya kebijakan sebagai bagian dari pemenuhan kepentingan pribadi atau menjadi penumpang gelap akan kebijakan tersebut. Kedua, aktor tidak langsung yang ikut berperan penting terhadap perubahan tersebut karena memberikan pula peningkatan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan hidup masyarakat Kampung Jenggalu Kito. Akan tetapi, peningkatan ditingkat ekonomi tentu tak akan selalu memberikan impilikasi yang baik secara jangka panjang terhadap lingkungan akibat adanya perubahan status Taman Wisata Alam dan pengembangan objek wisata