bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Deskripsi Kerja, Spesifikasi Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Goldwell Plastic Batam
Authors: Kervin Kervin , Wasiman Wasiman
Published: December 2023

implementation of all agency activities or activities, so that they are managed properly through Human Resource Management. Employee performance is what employees do or don't do that affect how much they contribute to the organization, including output quality, output quantity, output period, presence at work, and cooperative attitude. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of job descriptions, job specifications, and work discipline on employee performance at PT Goldwell Plastic Batam. The sample for this study used 110 respondents to employees at PT Goldwell Plastic Batam using the sampling technique. By using SPSS 25 software, data analysis techniques include descriptive statistical tests, data quality tests, classical assumption tests, influence tests, and hypothesis testing. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that job descriptions, job specifications and work discipline jointly have a significant effect on employee performance at PT Goldwell Plastic Batam
The Effect of Current Ratio, Net Profit Margin and Debt to Equity Ratio to Prfit Growth In Subsector Food and Beverages Companies Registered at the Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2017-2021
Authors: Wijaya Febiyola , Pujiarti Pujiarti
Published: December 2023

In writing this research intends to determine the effect caused by the CR, NPM, and DER on Profit Growth in companies in the food and beverage subsector. In this thesis research, the writer uses purposive sampling method and software statistic SPSS 25 to process the data.

This study uses a population, namely food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the IDX for the 2017-2021 period. The number of samples in this research were 6 companies over a 5 year so that a total of 30 samples were collected.

In the research the results shown are that the variable CR (X1) obtains 0.515 which means it does not significantly affect profit growth, 0.045 for NPM (X2) which means it has a significant effect on profit growth, 0.640 for DER (X3) which means no significant effect on profit growth
Pengaruh Pengawasan dan Komunikasi Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Perawat Non PNS di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Tampan Provinsi Riau
Authors: Andri Seno , Sari Yusri Nela
Published: December 2023

Rumah Sakit Jiwa Tampan di Provinsi Riau menjadi tempat penelitian ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metodologi penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif untuk menganalisis data yang dikumpulkan melalui angket (kuesioner) dan pengamatan (observasi), agar mengetahui pengaruh pengawasan dan komunikasi terhadap kepuasan kerja perawat non PNS di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Tampan Provinsi Riau. Pengawasan dan Komunikasi ditetapkan sebagai variabel independent sedangkan Kepuasan Kerja ditetapkan sebagai variabel dependent. Sumber data pada penelitian ini berasal dari data primer yang diperoleh dari angket juga data sekunder yang berupa data jumlah perawat non PNS dan data turnover perawat non PNS. Jumlah populasi pada penelitian ini sebanyak 76 perawat non PNS di RSJT. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 76 responden yang diambil dari seluruh populasi atau sampel jenuh. Dalam penelitian ini temuan tanggapan responden diukur dengan menggunakan pendekatan skala Likert, dan statistiknya ditangani oleh program SPSS 29. Metode analisis data kuantitatif yang digunakan meliputi uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, analisis regresi linier sederhana dan berganda, uji simultan dan uji parsial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel pengawasan (X1) secara signifikan dan parsial berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan kerja (Y). Variabel komunikasi (X2) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja (Y) secara parsial dan secara bersamaan pengaruh positif dan substansial disebabkan oleh pengawasan (X1) dan komunikasi (X2).
Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan Dan Financial Technology Terhadap Inklusi Keuangan Pada Pelaku UMKM Sektor Olahan Makanan Dan Minuman Di Kecamatan Tampan Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Rissayana Rissayana , Ibrahim Mariaty
Published: December 2023

The objective of this research is to examine the impact of financial literacy and financial technology on financial inclusion. The study utilizes a quantitative research method and incorporates both primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected through a questionnaire consisting of 24 questions, which was completed by MSME owners in the processed food and beverage industry. The sample was selected using a purposive random sampling technique from a population of 1,856 business owners. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, validity testing, reliability testing, normality testing, multicollinearity testing, heteroscedasticity testing, multiple linear regression testing, t-testing, f-testing, and determination coefficient testing. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS 25 software. (1) financial literacy significantly impacts financial inclusion, (2) financial technology significantly affects financial inclusion, and (3) financial literacy and financial technology collectively exert a significant influence on financial inclusion among MSME actors in the food and beverage sector in Tampan District.
Характеристики зварних з’єднань поглинаючих елементів зі сплаву 42ХНМ для стрижнів системи управління та захисту ВВЕР-1000
Authors: Kushtym A. , Zigunov V. , Grytsyna V. , Krasnorutskyy V. , Slabospytska O. , Mukhin M. , Bondarenko S. , Kovaliuk O.
Published: December 2023

Наведено результати досліджень зварних з’єднань в поглинаючих елементах поглинаючих стрижнів системи управління та захисту енергетичних реакторів ВВЕР-1000, отриманих електродуговим зварюванням в атмосфері аргону та гелію. Показано конструкцію та режими зварювання зразків-свідків, макетів та дослідних поглинаючих елементів, що забезпечують їх задані проєктні характеристики. Наведено результати розробок і досліджень впливу режиму зварювання оболонок з кінцевими деталями (конусом та наконечником) зі сплаву марки 42ХНМ на параметри зварних з’єднань. Показано, що найбільш якісні зварні з’єднання реалізуються за швидкості зварювання 4,4 мм/с. За менших значень не завжди забезпечується повне проплавлення оболонки та заповнення всього кореня з’єднання. Наведено результати механічних випробувань макетів поглинаючих елементів через їх статичне розтягування на розривній машині. Показано, що міцність зварних з’єднань кінцевих деталей з оболонкою в разі розтягування (розриву) не менше міцності на розтягування оболонки поглинаючих елементів. Наведено результати металографічних досліджень матеріалів зварних з’єднань, які проводили на поздовжніх та поперечних шліфах, вирізаних зі зварних з'єднань макетів та зразків-свідків поглинаючих елементів. Досліджено залежність ширини зварного з’єднання, глибини проплавлення від режимів зварювання, вибір оптимальних режимів, що забезпечують герметичність та необхідну міцність поглинаючих елементів. Структура матеріалу досліджених зварних з’єднань є дрібнозернистою, а розмір зерна коливається від 3…4 мкм (13 бал) до 4…10 мкм (10 бал). Значення мікротвердості матеріалу зварного шва становить 185…238 HV. Описано методи, застосовувані для контролю поглинаючих елементів.
Understanding the EU Directive on Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence and Examining Strategic Responses
Authors:   The Korean Production And Operations Management Society, Pyun Je Bum , Kim DaeSoo , Rha Jin Sung
Published: December 2023

This paper examines in detail the Directive on Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence (CSDDD) to be implemented by Europe Union (EU) from 2024, and provides insights into response strategies and execution tasks. The EU plans to apply the CSDDD to all companies trading in the EU region while legislating the directive on sustainable supply chain management based on due diligence for human rights, environment, employment, etc. This implies the paradigm shift of emphasizing on supply chain transparency including legal binding and obligations, rather than voluntary corporate activities. Even though the Korean firms also need to thoroughly prepare for managerial ways to respond to the CSDDD, their response level is low and that of SMEs (Small and Medium-sized Enterprises) is even more insufficient. Thus, we suggest the guidelines combining ISO management system with the due diligence areas of the CSDDD, and propose strategic roadmap which can be used as a reference for preparing for the CSDDD.
Taxation and incarceration in Guatemala: Prisons, protection rackets, and citizenship
Authors: Fontes Anthony Wayne
Published: December 2023

This article explores the making of carceral citizenship in Guatemala through an ethnographic analysis of la talacha – informal prison taxation schemes. Taxation is a key technology of citizenship. Tax enforcement mechanisms, the distribution of tax burdens, citizens’ willingness to pay, and their expectations of what they should get in return all make taxation an essential lens through which to understand state formation and citizens’ perceptions of and relations with one another. In Guatemala, where organized crime competes with and subsumes state institutions in ways that profoundly impact everyone, the state is only one of many entities claiming the right to tax, at turns competing and colluding with its underworld. These blurred dynamics are hyper-distilled in the country’s prison system, where state-prisoner networks tax the imprisoned population in the name of collective survival and elite profits. Based on extended ethnographic fieldwork behind bars, I show how la talacha sets the terms of carceral citizenship by organizing prisoner-state co-governance, reifying the prison’s socioeconomic hierarchies, and shaping inmates' relationships with the world beyond the prison. 
Resumen: Fiscalidad y encarcelaciones en Guatemala: Prisiones, extorsiones y ciudadanía
Este artículo explora la construcción de la ciudadanía carcelaria en Guatemala a través de un análisis etnográfico de la talacha: esquema informal de tributación carcelaria. La fiscalidad es una tecnología clave de la ciudadanía. Los mecanismos de aplicación de impuestos, la distribución de las cargas fiscales, la disposición de los ciudadanos a pagar y sus expectativas de lo que deberían obtener a cambio hacen de la fiscalidad una lente esencial a través de la cual entender la formación del Estado y las percepciones de los ciudadanos y las relaciones entre ellos. En Guatemala, donde el crimen organizado compite con las instituciones estatales y las subsume en formas que afectan profundamente a todos, el Estado es sólo una de las muchas entidades que reclaman el derecho a tributar, compitiendo y confabulando a su vez con el hampa. Estas dinámicas difusas se hiperdestilan en el sistema penitenciario del país, donde las redes entre el Estado y los presos gravan a la población reclusa en nombre de la supervivencia colectiva y los beneficios de las élites. Basándome en un extenso trabajo de campo etnográfico entre rejas, muestro cómo la talacha establece los términos de la ciudadanía carcelaria organizando el cogobierno entre presos y Estado, reificando las jerarquías socioeconómicas de la prisión y configurando las relaciones de los reclusos con el mundo más allá de la cárcel.
PERAN PEMERINTAH MELINDUNGI USAHA RITEL TRADISIONAL DALAM PANDANGAN HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Fabian Najwan , Adawiyah Rabiatul , Ilmi Fajrul , Hidayatullah Muhammad Syarif
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the role of the Banjarmasin city government in protecting traditional retail businesses and to analyze it in view of sharia economic law and also to find out the obstacles faced by the Banjarmasin city government in protecting traditional retail businesses. This research is a field research (field research) with a qualitative approach and using interviews and documentation methods. The results of research conducted by researchers indicate that the government has protected traditional retail businesses in the city of Banjarmasin, so that they continue to run well, several ways are carried out by providing services provided by the government, namely conducting guidance to business actors in work programs and also facilitating by providing capital assistance by the principle of cooperation and the principle of interest-free money loans through banks that have collaborated with the Banjarmasin City Cooperative Service. So in the view of sharia economic law, the loan should be interest-free, because it is a qardh contract that is social in nature where the existence of interest makes it a ribawi transaction. Then the obstacles faced by the Banjarmasin City government in protecting traditional retail businesses lie in the lack of ASN human resources which will have an impact on reducing the composition of the resulting performances, lack of data from the traditional retail business actors themselves, most traditional retail business actors are aged and business actors who are not intend to move forward.
HUKUM PENODAAN AGAMA PERSPEKTIF FIKIH, PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN INDONESIA, DAN HUKUM INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Wahid Gusriawan Sholehudin , Asyrafi Muhammad Murtadha , Ismail Ismail , Ilhami Achmad Abdi , Abdillah Muhammad Torieq
Published: December 2023

This research aims to determine the views of Islamic jurisprudence, Indonesian legislation, and international law regarding religious blasphemy law. This research is normative legal research with a comparative and statutory approach. The results of this research show that there are differences in sanctions for blasphemy between Islamic jurisprudence, Indonesian legislation and international law. Fiqh views that the law on blasphemy can lead someone to become an apostate because it endangers the religion and its followers. Indonesian legislation views the law on religious blasphemy depending on the existing offense with legal consequences, such as the death penalty, imprisonment, imprisonment, fines, imprisonment, and even the revocation of certain rights. In international law, such as in Israel and Malaysia, punishment is given in the form of imprisonment or a fine for blasphemy of any religion, in contrast to Pakistan which applies the death penalty for blasphemy against Islam
Analisis Budaya Dan Kelas Sosial Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Pada Teanol Cabang Telanaipura Kota Jambi
Authors: Mappadeceng Riko , Tarmizi Ahmad , Putri Liantoni Sonia Rosa
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the description of culture, social class and purchasing decisions at Teanol Telanaipura Branch, Jambi City and to determine the simultaneous and partial influence of culture and social class on purchasing decisions at Teanol, Telanaipura Branch, Jambi City. The research method used in this research is descriptive and quantitative research. Primary data is specifically collected by researchers to answer research questions collected using questionnaires. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression. Based on the research results it is known or obtained that the F count is 83.184 greater than the F table which is 3.09 or the F-sig significance of 0.000 is less than 0.05 which indicates that cultural class and social class jointly (simultaneously) have a significant effect on decisions purchases at Teanol Telanaipura Branch, Jambi City. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the t count was 3.050, which was greater than the t table, which was 1.660. Then the probability value for the culture class variable is 0.000. with a confidence level (α = 5%), from these calculations it can be seen that the probability value is smaller than alpha (0.003 <0.05) meaning that cultural class has a significant positive effect on purchasing decisions at Teanol Telanaipura Branch, Jambi City. Furthermore, it is obtained that t count is 6.335 which is greater than t table which is 1.660. Then the probability value for the social class variable is 0.000. with a confidence level (α = 5%), from these calculations it can be seen that the probability value is greater than alpha (0.000 <0.05, meaning that social class has a significant effect on purchasing decisions at Teanol Telanaipura Branch, Jambi City.
On the principles of criminalization of interference with the judiciary
Authors: Pulyk V.
Published: December 2023

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to determine whether the national legislator complies with the basic principles of criminalization of socially dangerous behavior when criminalizing interference with the activities of judicial bodies. Methods. The methodology includes the analysis and generalization of scientific positions on the theory of criminalization, which is justifiably considered to be among the most controversial in criminal law doctrine. The following methods of scientific cognition were used: logical and semantic (for understanding the conceptual apparatus), formal and legal (application of the rules of formal logic in analyzing the construction of the crime under Article 376 of the Criminal Code), and the method of analysis. Results. In the course of the study, the author confirms that the principles of criminalization of interference with the judiciary are not observed: 1) procedural possibility of prosecution. The critically small array of recorded criminal offenses indicates the complexity of proof in this category of cases, which is largely due to the imperfection of the legislative construction of Article 376 of the Criminal Code; 2) certainty and unity of terminology - due to the systemic contradiction in the formulation of prohibited behavior and the use of the evaluative category «unjust decision». The scientific novelty is to confirm the shortcomings of the legislative construction of Article 376 of the Criminal Code, which are the result of violation of certain principles of criminalization of behavior. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in the course of further regulatory and legal improvement of Article 376 of the Criminal Code, as well as in the development of scientific provisions on criminalization of crimes against justice.
Responsibility for crimes against humanity in international and national criminal legislation
Authors: Repetskyi S.
Published: December 2023

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the problems of responsibility for crimes against humanity in international and national criminal legislation, proposals for the implementation of international norms in the national criminal legislation, as well as determination of positive and negative changes as a result of such implementation innovations. Methodology. The methodology includes a complex analysis and generalization of available scientific and theoretical, legislative material and formulation of relevant conclusions. Such methods of scientific knowledge during the research were used: comparative legal, logical-grammatical, system-structural, modeling. Results: It was recognized, that in the modern criminal legislation of Ukraine lackes the only criminal-legal norm that would provided responsibility for crimes against humanity. Mostly, crimes in this area are fixed in different parts of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which does not fully reflect everything social danger of these acts. In this connection, there was a need for a legislative enshrinement crimes against humanity in chapter XX of the Special part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, with the aim of effectively countering the commission of criminal offenses against peace, human and international security law and order, as well as fair punishment for criminal acts of the Russian military on the territory of Ukraine at the national level legislation. Scientific novelty. According to the results of the study, it was recognized such progressive provisions regarding actions related to encroachments on peace and security humanity and the international legal order, which can be taken into account in the future for legislative initiatives on criminal liability for criminal offenses in this area. Practical significance. The research results can be used in law-making activities by improvement of the national criminal legislation on criminal offenses against peace, security of humanity and the international legal order, as well as in the educational process during the teaching and studying of the academic disciplines «International criminal law», «Actual problems of criminal law and process» and «Criminal law of Ukraine. A Special part».
Law enforcement bodies of Ukraine: the modern concept of the definition of the term
Authors: Rud D.
Published: December 2023

Purpose. The purpose of the work is to emphasize the role of law enforcement agencies of a democratic state in maintaining law and order and to improve the concept and list of law enforcement agencies. Methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of available scientific and theoretical materials and formulations from relevant conclusions and proposals. The following methods of scientific knowledge were used during the work: terminological, logical-semantic, functional, systemic-structural, logical-normative. Results. In the research process, it was determined that law enforcement bodies are state bodies that operate in the system of state authorities and perform official functions in accordance with the requirements of legislation in various spheres of activity within and outside the state, in accordance with their powers and in compliance with the rules established by law and procedures, in order to protect and ensure the rights and freedoms of citizens, legality and law and order. Originality. In the process of research, it was established that modern legal science pays great attention to the activities of law enforcement agencies and the process of reforming law enforcement systems. However, at the theoretical level, there is currently no unified opinion in the scientific community regarding the concept of "law enforcement agencies", the criteria for classifying a particular agency as law enforcement, its institutions, types, as well as the legislative definition of law enforcement agencies. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in theoretical and legal activities and fixed at the legislative level, the concept of "law enforcement agencies" can be fixed in a separate normative legal act or in the legislation on a separate law enforcement agency of Ukraine.
Implementation of EU legislation into the criminal legislation of Ukraine to ensure criminal legal protection of pharmaceutical activity
Authors: Frolova O.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to determine the specifics of the implementation of EU legislation into the criminal law of Ukraine to ensure the criminal protection of pharmaceutical activity. The methodology includes the author's emphasis on basic international legal guidelines. Directive No. 2001/83/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of the EU on the Community Code on Medicinal Products for Human Use of November 6, 2001 serves as one of the main guidelines here. In the author's opinion, this is important based on the fact that the adopted Law of Ukraine "On Medicinal Products" of July 28, 2022 implemented many provisions of the said Directive, including those that are important for the criminal protection of pharmaceutical activity. The article pays special attention to the issue of determining the "limits" of criminal protection of the circulation of medicinal products, which depend on the specific requirements of Directive 2001/83/EC, which define the concept of "medicinal product" and provide for the limited use of medicinal products, as well as mandatory components circulation of medicinal products (as defined in Article 2 of Directive 2001/83/EC), each of which is related to the state registration procedure and obtaining the necessary permission. The results. Attention is focused on other international legal documents, such as EU Council Directive 85/374/EEC "On the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the member states regarding liability for low-quality products" dated July 25, 1985, which contains an independent general declaratory prescription that the "special liability system" created by this Directive is an effective legal means of protecting consumers of pharmaceutical products. Scientific novelty. The author notes that the construction of a "national model" of criminal law protection of pharmaceutical activity must in any case take into account the main international legal standards regarding the "subjects" of pharmaceutical activity and their separate varieties, "accompanying" subjects that ensure the "handling" of pharmaceutical activity products (in particular, accessories, documents), integral components of pharmaceutical products (active substances and excipients, parts and materials), types and varieties of pharmaceutical activity, as well as state regulation of pharmaceutical activity. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in law-making and law-enforcement activities during the investigation of crimes related to the field of pharmaceutical activity.
Social policy of Ukraine under the conditions of martial state:
level of support by EU states
Authors: Humeniuk T.
Published: December 2023

Aim. The aim of this research is to highlight the influence of European integration on the optimization of the legal fundamentals of social policy in Ukraine. Methodology. The research is based on the comparative legal method used for comparison of EU social law with the social law of Ukraine. The method of dialectic enables to establish contradictions in the legal norms that regulate the social system of Ukraine and determine its social policy. The systemic and functional method was used to study the system of regulation of the sphere of social relations in Ukraine, systems of social policy measures as well as functional interrelationships between them. The method of generalization was used for the systematization and interpretation of the results obtained during the study. Results. The research showed that the main ways of improving social policy in Ukraine and legal regulation in the social sphere include: ratification of the European Social Charter and its implementation plan in Ukraine; creation of a coherent strategy in the field of provision of social services; the accession of Ukraine to the European Code of Social Security; partial reform of the legal regulation of labor and employment of the population; improvement of legal regulation and social policy in the field of social protection, labor and employment of internally displaced persons from temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine. Scientific novelty. During the research, it was established that on the way to the EU, Ukraine has faced the following problems with its social policy and law: problems with the Ukrainian legislation on social security; problems with regulating the labor market, employment and poverty reduction; problems with improvement of the legislation on labor protection; problems with stimulating entrepreneurship as the basis for ensuring social standards and employment of the population; problems with adaptation of socially vulnerable groups of the population. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in international law.
Multi-gene measurable residual disease assessed by digital polymerase chain reaction has clinical and biological utility in acute myeloid leukemia patients receiving venetoclax/azacitidine
Authors: Winters Amanda C. , Minhajuddin Mohd , Stevens Brett M. , Major Ajay , Bosma Grace , Abbott Diana , Miltgen Nicholas , Yuan Ji , Treece Amy L. , Siegele Bradford J. , Ewalt Mark D. , Gutman Jonathan A. , Jordan Craig T. , Pollyea Daniel A.
Published: December 2023

Venetoclax with azacitidine (ven/aza) is a lower-intensity therapeutic regimen that has been shown to improve outcomes in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Measurable residual disease (MRD) using flow cytometry is a valuable tool for the prediction of relapse in AML using conventional therapies and ven/aza; however, the prognostic value for broad-scale molecular MRD after ven/aza treatment is less clear. We aimed to determine the utility of retrospective assessment using multi-gene molecular MRD by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). We found this approach correlates with outcomes in a cohort of patients receiving frontline ven/aza for AML. The predictive value of ddPCR MRD persisted when NPM1 mutations were removed from analysis, as well as after adjustment for the impact of stem cell transplant (SCT) on outcomes. Late achievement of MRD negativity, including after SCT, was still associated with superior outcomes compared to persistently detectable MRD. We further explored the impact of ven/aza on the burden of different classes of mutations, and identified the persistence of splicing factor mutations, commonly associated with MDS, as a consistent finding after ven/aza treatment. These data add to our understanding of the effects of ven/aza on AML disease biology and provide details on molecular depth of remission that can guide prospective trials in the future.
Дослідження протизапальних властивостей комплексної фармацевтичної композиції
Authors: Калько К. О. , Духніч Н. Ю.
Published: December 2023

Сьогодні метаболічний синдром (МС) і хронічне запалення низького ступеня все більше розумі- ють як основу низки патологічних станів. Разом з тим, здатність впливати на субхронічний запальний процес є бажаною прогнозованою складовою перспективних лікарських засобів, що застосо- вуються з метою фармакокорекції МС.

Мета дослідження – вивчити протизапальні властивості комплексної фармацевтичної композиції (КФК) (Aevit premium), для якої попередньо встановлено ефективність при МС.

Вивчення протизапальних властивостей КФК було проведено на моделі карагенінового набряку лапи в щурів і моделі МС за оцінкою впливу досліджуваної КФК на рівень ІЛ-1β і ІЛ-6 у сироватці крові як маркерів запалення низьких градацій.

Введення екзогенного флогогену карагеніну щурам провокувало розвиток набряку лапи тварин у всі терміни дослідження з піком на 3 год патології. Застосування КФК за цієї моделі запалення сприяло прояву протинабрякової активності досліджуваної композиції з максимумом на 60 хв (56,98 %, р < 0,05). Моделювання експериментального МС у хом’яків, індукованого кафе-дієтою, в якому провідну роль відіграє активація оксидативного стресу, сприяло розвитку запалення низьких градацій: уміст ІЛ-1β збільшувався в 1,4 разу (р < 0,05) та ІЛ-6 у 1,5 разу (р < 0,05) у сироватці крові тварин порівняно з показниками інтактного контролю. За цієї моделі встановлено здатність досліджуваної КФК пригнічувати розвиток запалення низьких градацій, про що свідчить зниження в сироватці крові тварин умісту інтерлейкінів: ІЛ-1β на 28 % (р < 0,05) і ІЛ-6 на 19 % (р < 0,05) порівняно з показниками групи контрольної патології.

Таким чином, встановлено, що КФК здатна чинити протизапальну дію за умов карагенінового набряку в щурів і на тлі МС в хом’яків. Механізм протизапальної дії досліджуваної КФК реалізується шляхом прояву антиоксидантної та мембранопротекторної активності фармацевтичного комплексу. Отримані результати свідчать про доцільність застосування КФК в комплексній фармакокорекції МС.
Гепато- та нефропротекторна дія донора гідроген сульфіду, кверцетину та їхньої комбінації за гострого алкогольного ураження
Authors: Романенко І. В. , Мельник А. В.
Published: December 2023

Мета дослідження – вивчити стан системи H2S, рівень маркерів запалення, оксидативного стресу й апоптозу в печінці та нирках щурів за гострого алкогольного ураження (ГАУ) й оцінити можливості корекції донором гідроген сульфіду, кверцетином та їхньою комбінацією.

Досліди проведені на 91 тварині – білих нелінійних статевозрілих щурах-самцях, які були поділені на пять груп. Тваринам 2–5 груп моделювали ГАУ шляхом інтрагастрального введення 40 % етанолу в дозі 20 мл/кг протягом 7 днів. З метою корекції ГАУ тваринам 3 групи вводили кверцетин (100 мг/ кг, внутрішньоочеревинно, 1 раз/добу, 7 діб), 4 групи – донор гідроген сульфіду NaHS • H2O (3 мг/кг, внутрішньоочеревинно, 1 раз/добу, 7 діб), 5 групи – одночасно кверцетин та NaHS • H2O у вищенаведених дозах. Тварини 1 групи (контроль) отримували еквівалентну кількість розчинників. Для біохімічних досліджень готували пост'ядерні супернатанти гомогенатів печінки та нирок, в яких спектрофотометричними методами визначали вміст H2S, швидкість його утилізації, рівень малонового діальдегіду (МДА), активність супероксиддисмутази (СОД), а також рівень TNFα імуноферментним методом. Для визначення частки клітин печінки та нирок з фрагментованою ДНК (маркер апоптозу) використовували метод протокової цитофлуориметрії.

Виявилось, що ГАУ супроводжувалось порушенням обміну H2S у печінці та нирках: відмічалось вірогідне зниження вмісту H2S на 28,1 і 35,1 % (р < 0,05) та зростання загальної швидкості його утилізації на 49,9 і 61,7 % (р < 0,05) порівняно з контролем. У печінці та нирках щурів за ГАУ реєструвалась індукція запалення (збільшувався рівень TNFα в 2,29–2,72 разу відповідно порівняно з контролем, р < 0,05), оксидативного стресу (збільшувався уміст МДА в 2,0–3,1 разу, а також зменшувалась активність СОД – на 29,8 і 35,0 % відповідно, р < 0,05) та апоптозу (збільшувалась частка клітин у фазі SUBG0G1 на 32,0 і 37,9 %, р < 0,05), що тісно асоціювалось з формуванням дефіциту H2S (rs = - (0,54–0,75), p < 0,05).

Запропонована терапія ГАУ зменшувала порушення обміну H2S, виявляла протизапальну, антиоксидантну й антиапоптотичну дію, хоча її ефективність залежала від обраних засобів корекції. Найвиразнішу гепато- та нефропротекцію за ГАУ забезпечувала комбінація «Кверцетин + NaHS», їй поступалась монотерапія NaHS, а найменшу ефективність виявляв кверцетин.

За результатами проведених досліджень обґрунтовано нові підходи до фармакотерапії ГАУ печінки та нирок з використанням комбінації кверцетину та NaHS, що є перспективними для подальших досліджень.
Aula virtual en la plataforma Moodle como apoyo al proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje en curso cirugía menor
Authors: Enríquez Campoverde Giovanny de Jesús , Rosado Mite Angee Lysbeth , Velasteguí López Luis Efraín
Published: December 2023

Introducción Moodle es una plataforma de aprendizaje en línea que busca fomentar la interacción y colaboración entre pares y la investigación de contenidos para cursos online, agilizar procesos de aprendizajes, captar y gestionar las competencias, habilidades y valores para el uso de recursos educativos, creando comunidades de estudiantes que requieren aprender de manera efectiva, que les acorte el tiempo y les permita revisar los contenidos en el tiempo y especio que decidan. Objetivo: Utilizar la plataforma Moodle para la realización del curso virtual de cirugía menor para la optimización del proceso enseñanza y aprendizaje. Metodología. Se aplicó el método deductivo y analítico, con enfoque cualitativo, por medio de la técnica de la encuesta y el instrumento del cuestionario, de diez preguntas, de carácter descriptivo, no experimental, no se manipularon las variables, fue transversal, se recopilaron los datos en un mismo tiempo y lugar. Resultados. Los resultados indicaron que la plataforma Moodle es positiva para la educación, permite el uso de diferentes herramientas para realizar tareas, subir investigaciones, inclusive sirve para realizar la evaluación, 45,2% indicaron que permite aplicar test, talleres, participación en foros, cuestionarios que pueden aplicarse en el curso de cirugía menor. Se resaltan las ventajas de personalizar los entornos educativos. Conclusión.  Se concluye que es flexible, se pueden revisar los contenidos en cualquier momento y desde cualquier lugar, beneficiando la capacitación continua, fomenta el estudio independiente, el carácter investigativo, es un aprendizaje autodirigido, eficaz y eficiente en el área de cirugía menor. Área de estudio general: Educación. Área de estudio específica: Pedagogía.
Penerapan Sistem Gamifikasi pada Learning Management System
Authors: Garnisa Sandra Budi , Tresnawati Dewi , Rahayu Sri
Published: December 2023

Saat ini pembelajaran yang menyenangkan sudah jarang digunakan oleh para pendidik, pendidik lebih sering menggunakan konsep pembelajaran dengan penyampaian materi dan tugas yang dilakukan secara full time pada jam pembelajaran yang dapat membuat siswa jenuh. Konsep gamifikasi dalam pembelajaran merupakan konsep dengan mengambil unsur permainan yang diharapkan dapat membuat siswa termotivasi dan antusias dalam memahami pelajaran yang diberikan oleh pendidik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menerapkan gamifikasi pada Learning Management System (LMS) agar pendidik dapat membuat konten seperti kuis, video interaktif, dan presentasi. Di dalam sistem terdapat penghargaan yang membuat siswa tertarik mengerjakan tugas karena ada rasa puas seperti bermain game dan dapat membantu pendidik untuk mengetahui pemahaman siswanya. Dalam pembuatan sistem ini menggunakan metode Multimedia Development Life Cycle dengan 6 tahapan yaitu konsep, desain, pengumpulan material, perakitan, pengujian, dan distribusi. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah konsep gamifikasi pada LMS yang menerapkan fitur LevelUp dan badge yaitu pemberian penghargaan dan poin dengan menampilkan hasil yang diperoleh berupa peningkatan level setiap siswa pada leaderboard dan pemberian badge sesuai dengan kriteria yang ditentukan oleh admin dan dosen.
Organik polimer ve bazı tarımsal artık uygulamalarının bazı toprak özellikleri ve buğday bitkisinde verime etkileri
Authors: KOP DURMUŞ Ömrüm Tebessüm , ÖZDEMİR Nutullah
Published: December 2023

Sera koşullarında yürütülen bu çalışmada, yapay ve organik kökenli toprak düzenleyicilerin bazı toprak özellikleri, toprak organik maddesi ve buğday bitkisinin verimine etkileri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan toprak örnekleri yüzeyden (0-20 cm) alınmıştır. Faktöriyel düzende ve tesadüf parselleri deneme düzeninde yürütülen bu çalışmada buğday samanı, fındık zurufu, hümik asit, poliakrilamid ile poliakrilamid + düzenleyici kombinasyonları topraklara 3 farklı dozda, 3 tekrarlamalı olarak uygulanmıştır. Buğday samanı ve fındık zurufu dozları (%0, %2, %4), hümik asit dozları (0 ppm, 200 ppm, 1000 ppm), poliakrilamid dozları (0 ppm, 30 ppm, 60 ppm) olarak çalışılmıştır. Beş aylık inkübasyon periyodunun ardından saksılarda buğday bitkisi yetiştirilmiştir. Bitki hasadından sonra yapılan değerlendirmelerde kumlu tın toprakta denette %1.14 olan organik madde içeriğinin düzenleyici uygulamalarına bağlı olarak %2.43’e kadar, killi tın toprakta ise denette %2.37 olan organik madde içeriğinin ise %6.01’e kadar artış gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Verim sonuçları incelendiğinde kumlu tın toprakta hümik asit, hümik asit+poliakrilamid, fındık zurufu+poliakrilamid uygulamaları sonrasında buğday bitkisinin veriminin arttığı, killi tın toprakta yalnızca fındık zurufu+poliakrilamid uygulamaları ile denete göre verim artışının olduğu diğer uygulamalarda verimin düştüğü gözlemlenmiştir. Organik madde içeriğinde en yüksek artış kumlu tın toprakta fındık zurufu 3.doz+poliakrilamid 2.doz uygulanan örneklerde, killi tın toprakta ise fındık zurufunun 3. dozunun uygulandığı örneklerde belirlenmiştir. Verim üzerinde en yüksek artış kumlu tın toprakta hümik asit 3. doz+poliakrilamid 3. doz uygulanan örneklerde, killi tın toprakta ise fındık zurufu 3. doz+poliakrilamid 2. doz uygulanan örneklerde belirlenmiştir. Düzenleyici uygulamalarının etkinlikleri uygulama dozu ve toprak özelliklerine bağlı olarak değişim göstermiştir.
Do Higher State Minimum Wages Reduce the Racial Wage Gap for Men?
Authors: Gabriel Paul E. , Schmitz Susanne
Published: December 2023

Using data from the 2019 Current Population Survey, we find that black, non-Hispanic men who reside in states with the highest minimum wages (above $10 in 2018) have a slightly smaller wage gap relative to white, non-Hispanic men. However, wage regressions show no appreciable improvement in the relative earnings of black men in states with minimum wages that exceed the federal level when accounting for other demographic determinants of earnings. Our results indicate that increasing a state’s minimum wage does not appear to be an effective policy tool to reduce racial wage inequality for men.
Shy albatross Thalassarche cauta chick mortality and heat stress in a temperate climate
Authors: Mason C , Hobday AJ , Alderman R , Lea MA
Published: December 2023

With increasing air temperatures and frequency of extreme weather events predicted under climate change, ground-nesting seabird chicks are vulnerable, enduring months at a fixed and often completely exposed nest site, with limited behavioural capacity to reduce heat load. Endangered shy albatross Thalassarche cauta breed in temperate southern Australia, a region warming at about 4 times the global average. We used a remote-monitoring camera to obtain the daily status for ~150 nests each season for 7 seasons (2014-2015 to 2020-2021; 1036 nests in total), allowing clear determination of the date of chick death. We explored local weather conditions associated with chick mortality. We observed 68 downy chick deaths (55%) across a 30 d period in 2018. This period corresponded with anomalously high and prolonged wet bulb temperature, an index for heat stress. We show that shy albatross breeding attempts are vulnerable to hot weather conditions and define extreme heat stress conditions for this species (>20° wet bulb temperature). Documenting the relationship between chick survival and heat before future catastrophic events occur gives managers time to plan for future heatwaves by developing climate adaptation strategies for seabird populations.
Factors influencing the nursery dynamics of bull sharks Carcharhinus leucas in two estuaries along the Texas coast
Authors: Lofthus AJ , Beach-Mehrotra M , Fisher MR , Wozniak JR , Matich P
Published: December 2023

Estuarine nurseries are hypothesized to offer juvenile bull sharks Carcharhinus leucas refuge from predators, with reduced mortality compared to adjacent marine habitats. Many estuaries in the Gulf of Mexico serve as nurseries for this species, yet the estuary refuge hypothesis has largely been untested, and it is unclear what factors make estuarine habitats suitable for young-of-the-year (YOY) bull sharks. Using drumline sampling and long-term gillnet monitoring data, this study investigated how predation risk and abiotic factors influenced densities of YOY bull sharks in 2 Texas estuaries. The more saline San Antonio Bay had higher densities of predatory sharks (>150 cm total length) that pose a risk to juvenile sharks, with predatory sharks caught in higher salinity regions proximate to the Gulf of Mexico. Consequently, densities of YOY bull sharks were highest in low-risk habitats proximate to river mouths in San Antonio Bay. In Sabine Lake, both predatory sharks and YOY bull sharks occurred most frequently in less saline habitats. However, only 2 predatory sharks were sampled in this hyposaline estuary, suggesting that encounters with predators are rare. Results support the estuary refuge hypothesis and indicate that YOY bull sharks avoid risky habitats in ecosystems where predators are prevalent (e.g. San Antonio Bay), while some estuaries function as refuges throughout their waters due to hyposaline conditions largely excluding predators (e.g. Sabine Lake). As freshwater inflows into estuaries change in response to anthropogenic and climatic influences, understanding how alterations in salinity affect predation risk and YOY bull shark distributions will aid in predicting the role that estuarine habitats play as shark nurseries.
Redefining Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Molecular Perspective on Classification and Clinical Implications
Authors: Raghavan Arjun Athreya , Gibson Ian W , Wightman Robert , Czaykowski Piotr , Graham Jeffrey
Published: December 2023

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common primary tumour of the kidney. RCC is a clinically and pathologically heterogenous entity, which has traditionally been classified under two broad categories: clear-cell and non-clear cell. With improved molecular diagnostic methodologies and genetic testing, the classification of RCC has shifted from a morphological basis to a molecular/genetic focus, and has been systematically updated to reflect these advancements. The new 2022 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of RCC is the most recent of these updates, and contains significant changes, as compared to the previous 2016 classification. The most substantial of these changes is the establishment of a new category of molecularly-defined RCC, including TFE3-rearranged RCC, TFEB-altered RCC, ELOC-mutated RCC, fumarate hydratase-deficient RCC, succinate dehydrogenase-deficient RCC, ALK-rearranged RCC, and SMARCB1-deficient renal medullary carcinoma. In this narrative review, the authors briefly summarise the histopathological characteristics, clinical course, current treatment standards, and future treatment directions of each of these molecularly-defined RCC subtypes.
Perimenopause and Menopause: An Opportunity to Engage, Inform, and Empower Women to Live Well
Authors: Barrell Amanda
Published: December 2023

While awareness of the issues facing women leading up to, during, and following the menopause has increased in recent years, it remains a condition of significant unmet need. Reasons include a stigma around asking for help, and a lack of awareness of the symptoms and associated risks among women and healthcare professionals alike. Standard medical training includes limited education on perimenopausal and post-reproductive healthcare, meaning clinicians are often ill-prepared to intervene.
However, there is much that healthcare professionals, regardless of their specialty, can do to help women entering their post-reproductive years, say Rossella Nappi, Chief of the Research Centre for Reproductive Medicine and Director of the Gynecological Endocrinology and Menopause Unit at IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, University of Pavia, in Italy; and Katrin Schaudig, co-founder of the Centre for Gynaecological Endocrinology, Hormone Hamburg, Germany, and President of the German Menopause Society. Moreover, perimenopause represents an important opportunity to engage, inform, and empower women to take charge of their health for years to come.

In this key opinion leader interview, Nappi and Schaudig explain the physiological changes associated with menopause, their clinical manifestations, and their associated risk factors. They talk about the need to tackle the stigma that is often attached to this phase of life, and why healthcare professionals have a duty to work with women to spot the signs of menopausal transition from an early stage. They argue that holistic care, which focuses as much on the prevention of chronic disease as it does on the treatment of menopausal symptoms, is key to ensuring women stay physically and mentally fit and healthy as they get older.