bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unlocking mathematics’ power: interpreting content and context within word problems
Authors: Abdullah Abdul Halim , Mohamad Nurain Nadhirah , Saleh Sitti Fithriani , Mutmainnah Mutmainnah
Published: June 2024

Mathematics is a fundamental subject with wide-reaching importance in education, providing students with the tools to apply mathematical principles in diverse contexts. This study examines the abilities of 60 pre-service mathematics teachers (PSTs) in identifying content and context within mathematical word problems. Utilizing a case study approach, the study employed the mathematics word problems test and the content and context questionnaire. The findings reveal that PSTs generally struggle with error detection and content comprehension in mathematical word problems, as demonstrated by their inability to recognize inaccuracies in two of three test questions. The failure of PSTs to identify errors in mathematical word problems often stems from their tendency to rely solely on the solutions they obtain, without first understanding the entire question presented. In essence, they may focus on finding a solution rather than critically evaluating the problem, which can lead to the oversight of errors or inaccuracies within the problem statement itself. This study emphasizes the need for PSTs to grasp mathematical concepts and contextualize them in everyday life scenarios. Challenges were observed in linking computational results to real-world contexts. Thus, the study calls for future research in pre-service teacher education to explore strategies for enhancing critical thinking, error detection, and the integration of practical context in mathematical problem-solving. Furthermore, the study suggests that assessing the ability of PSTs to formulate problem-solving questions evaluates their capacity to answer questions and their ability to construct questions that can enhance students’ cognitive abilities.
Reshaping physical education curricula through the outcomebased education philosophy
Authors: Haojun Zhao , Pek Lim Seong , Zhuozhuo Xin
Published: June 2024

In the contemporary educational landscape, the outcome-based education (OBE) philosophy has emerged as a pivotal approach, emphasizing the achievement of specific outcomes in the learning process. This study delves into the intricate relationship between physical education assessment methodologies for university students under the OBE framework and their subsequent social adaptability. This study used a sample of 100 physical education elective students from Qilu Normal University. It employed experimental and questionnaire methods to measure the effects of OBEdriven physical education assessment. Preliminary findings suggest a positive correlation between holistic assessment techniques, which consider physical prowess and cognitive understanding, and enhanced social adaptability among students. This adaptability was measured in teamwork, conflict resolution, and interpersonal communication. The study underscores the potential of the OBE philosophy in reshaping physical education curricula, making it more aligned with the broader objective of holistic student development. Further research is recommended to explore the longterm impacts of such assessment methods on students’ post-university life and career trajectories.
Indonesian students’ use of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer in essay writing practices
Authors: Sodiq Syamsul , Rokib Mohammad
Published: June 2024

The proliferation of the Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) in the educational area has become a debatable topic. ChatGPT has proven to be appealing to students as a helpful resource in their learning journey, specifically in enhancing their proficiency in essay writing practices. Following this, the study endeavored to scrutinize the purpose and behavior of students employing ChatGPT for composing essays in the Indonesian language. Utilizing a quantitative methodology, the research centered on collecting and analyzing numerical data. The study employed a questionnaire as the research instrument, utilizing a 5-point Likert scale. The questionnaire was administered to 303 second-semester students enrolled in an essay writing course. The findings of the study revealed that the majority of students utilized ChatGPT to enhance their comprehension of essay writing concepts, bolster their confidence, and receive valuable feedback. The findings from the data analysis indicated that students perceived ChatGPT as a valuable resource for enhancing grammar and sentence structure, fostering creativity, and cultivating robust ideas and arguments.
Acceptability of a Proposed Marine Protected Area: A Precondition for Marine Biodiversity Conservation Efforts in Ozamiz City, Philippines
Authors: Galindo Russel P.
Published: June 2024

A clearer understanding of human or social aspects of environmental issues will enhance conservation. While social acceptance is critical in determining MPA success, it continues to be an inadequately explored area of research. This study examined the acceptability of the proposed Marine Protected Area in Ozamiz City, Philippines. Stressing the significance of social acceptability to an MPA's successful implementation, this investigated the influence of the fishing households' knowledge of the marine environment and coastal resource management and the perceived condition of the coastal environment on the social acceptability of a proposed MPA implementation. The study used a mixed-method, particularly concurrent triangulation design, utilizing a sample of 270 fishing households in the 15 coastal barangays of Ozamiz City. The data were gathered through a survey supplemented with key informant interviews (KII). The study revealed that the knowledge of the marine environment and coastal resource management had shown a highly significant relationship and emerged as a predictor of the social acceptability of the proposed MPA. Therefore, greater knowledge of the marine environment and coastal resource management among the fisher folks and stakeholders, in general, may result in a higher level of acceptability of the proposed MPA, thus resulting in a successful implementation. Strategies must be implemented to enhance and enrich the fisher folks' knowledge of the marine ecosystem and coastal resource management. Information on the features, characteristics, and importance of the corals and coral reefs to the marine ecosystem should be emphasized.
Analysis of the Relationship of Parenting Parenting Patterns and Teacher Example with The Prosocial Behavior of Students
Authors: Apriono Djoko , Sugiantoro Achmad , Suttrisno Suttrisno
Published: June 2024

The prosocial behavior of students in Cluster 05, Semanding District, Tuban Regency is still low. It is characterized by a lack of concern for the environment and other people. From the concern about this phenomenon, the researcher wants to examine more deeply about students' prosocial behavior. Researchers are trying to find a relationship between the level of prosocial behavior possessed by students and the upbringing and example of the teacher. This research is quantitative with a field survey method conducted on class VI students throughout Cluster 05 by means of random sampling based on Yaunt's theory of 10% for a population of 101-1000.
Occupational Stress and Coping Mechanisms Among Senior Uniformed Personnel in Philippine National Police
Authors: Olivar Lourdelyn S. , Valera Maria Alicia B. , Ocampo Danilo L. , De Torres Mhel Jeric R. , Gonzales Reena Jane E. , Yabut Geralyn C. , Villa Elizabeth B.
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to assess the occupational stress and coping mechanisms among senior uniformed personnel in the Philippine National Police. This study employed the use of descriptive correlational research design utilizing survey methodology. Research locale was limited to Laguna. The respondents were the 100 senior uniformed personnel in the locale of the study and were selected using random sampling technique. The research instrument in this study was a survey questionnaire adopted from Juczyński & Ogińska-Bulik (2022). Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, rank order and Pearson-r. The study found that those who used adaptive coping strategies had lower levels of stress than those who used maladaptive strategies. The results also showed that those who used adaptive strategies had better mental health outcomes. Individuals who employed adaptive coping strategies experienced lower levels of stress compared to those who used maladaptive strategies. This highlights the importance of cultivating effective coping mechanisms to mitigate stress. The study indicates that the choice of coping strategies has a notable impact on mental health outcomes. Those who employed adaptive strategies reported better mental health, suggesting that the way individuals cope with stressors can have lasting effects on their overall psychological well-being. The findings support the promotion of adaptive coping mechanisms to enhance stress resilience. This could involve educational programs, workshops, or interventions aimed at equipping individuals with effective strategies to cope with stressors in healthier ways.
Com todo o meu coração graças à literacia em saúde: a linguagem e a retórica em campanhas mediáticas portuguesas de saúde cardiovascular
Authors: Belim Célia
Published: June 2024

Este artigo foca-se no uso da linguagem e da retórica em campanhas mediáticas de saúde cardiovascular conduzidas por entidades portuguesas de cardiologia comprometidas com a literacia em saúde, incidindo no conteúdo (“o quê”) e na forma (“como”) da mensagem. A análise temática e a análise retórica foram aplicadas a um corpus de dez cartazes (2018-2023). Os resultados mostram que o pathos tende a suscitar várias reações (e.g., alarme, motivação para agir, medo, culpa, preocupação) que poderão instigar a ação. O logos é construído a partir de, por exemplo, dispositivos discursivos (e.g., utilização de perguntas, seleção de cores com fins conotativos, descrições de conceitos, isotopia) e dispositivos estilísticos, contribuindo para que a compreensão e o uso de informação possam ser mais efetivos. Encontram-se princípios de literacia em saúde presentes na mensagem.
Sofrimentos psíquicos dos jovens do “grupo de habilidade de vida” sob as perspectivas do letramento em saúde mental e da multimodalidade
Authors: Maciel Ruberval Franco , Silva Vanessa Cristina Alves da , Barros Adriana Lúcia de Escobar Chaves de
Published: June 2024

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar recortes de um trabalho desenvolvido nas áreas do letramento em saúde mental (LSM) e da multimodalidade em linguagens, junto a adolescentes, que, integrando o “Grupo de Habilidade de Vida”, refletiram sobre seus sofrimentos psíquicos e alternativas voltadas para o seu bem-estar emocional. O letramento em saúde mental refere-se aos conhecimentos e crenças relacionados aos transtornos mentais, que auxiliam no seu reconhecimento, manejo e prevenção. Isso inclui a habilidade de identificar distúrbios específicos, buscar informações sobre saúde mental, entender os fatores de risco, bem como as causas dos transtornos, conhecer os tratamentos disponíveis e possuir atitudes que incentivem a busca adequada por apoio. Com este trabalho desenvolvido em uma perspectiva transdisciplinar entre saúde e linguagens, buscou-se ampliar a compreensão daqueles jovens sobre saúde mental, de forma a combater o estigma relacionado aos transtornos mentais e incentivando a busca por apoio.
Letramentos profissionais em saúde: as representações sociais da enfermagem hospitalar sobre os registros de ordens e ocorrências
Authors: Paz Ana Maria de Oliveira
Published: June 2024

Na enfermagem hospitalar, os Registros de Ordens e Ocorrências são práticas de letramento que compreendem o resumo do plantão e suas intercorrências, apresentando-se como documento escrito a cada turno de trabalho, com o propósito de disponibilizar informações voltadas à continuidade do trabalho e à sequencialidade da assistência aos pacientes. Diante de sua relevância para a enfermagem, objetivamos mapear as principais representações sociais geradas pelos referidos profissionais nesses registros, mediante aplicação de entrevistas. Teoricamente, ancoramo-nos em pressupostos dos Estudos de Letramento (Kleiman, 1995; Kleiman; Assis, 2016; Street, 2014; Rojo, 2009), especialmente nos postulados dos letramentos profissionais (Paz, 2008; Costa, 2019), incluindo os aportes da Teoria das Representações Sociais (Moscovici, 1984; 2003; Jodelet, 1994; 2001; Abric, 1994). Os resultados indicam que as representações construídas se reportam: (a) a princípios éticos inerentes às práticas do trabalho hospitalar; (b) às funções assumidas pelos registros no cotidiano de trabalho; (c) às imagens que os relacionam a outras práticas de escrita circulantes em variadas esferas sociais e institucionais.
Ubiquitin Ligase RBX2/SAG Regulates Mitochondrial Ubiquitination and Mitophagy
Authors: Wang Wenjuan , Li Ermin , Zou Jianqiu , Qu Chen , Ayala Juan , Wen Yuan , Islam Md Sadikul , Weintraub Neal L. , Fulton David J.R. , Liang Qiangrong , Zhou Jiliang , Liu Jinbao , Li Jie , Sun Yi , Su Huabo
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:

Clearance of damaged mitochondria via mitophagy is crucial for cellular homeostasis. Apart from Parkin, little is known about additional Ub (ubiquitin) ligases that mediate mitochondrial ubiquitination and turnover, particularly in highly metabolically active organs such as the heart.

METHODS:

In this study, we have combined in silico analysis and biochemical assay to identify CRL (cullin-RING ligase) 5 as a mitochondrial Ub ligase. We generated cardiomyocytes and mice lacking RBX2 (RING-box protein 2; also known as SAG [sensitive to apoptosis gene]), a catalytic subunit of CRL5, to understand the effects of RBX2 depletion on mitochondrial ubiquitination, mitophagy, and cardiac function. We also performed proteomics analysis and RNA-sequencing analysis to define the impact of loss of RBX2 on the proteome and transcriptome.

RESULTS:

RBX2 and CUL (cullin) 5, 2 core components of CRL5, localize to mitochondria. Depletion of RBX2 inhibited mitochondrial ubiquitination and turnover, impaired mitochondrial membrane potential and respiration, increased cardiomyocyte cell death, and has a global impact on the mitochondrial proteome. In vivo, deletion of the
Rbx2
gene in adult mouse hearts suppressed mitophagic activity, provoked accumulation of damaged mitochondria in the myocardium, and disrupted myocardial metabolism, leading to the rapid development of dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Similarly, ablation of RBX2 in the developing heart resulted in dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure. The action of RBX2 in mitochondria is not dependent on Parkin, and Parkin gene deletion had no impact on the onset and progression of cardiomyopathy in RBX2-deficient hearts. Furthermore, RBX2 controls the stability of PINK1 (PTEN-induced kinase 1) in mitochondria.

CONCLUSIONS:

These findings identify RBX2-CRL5 as a mitochondrial Ub ligase that regulates mitophagy and cardiac homeostasis in a Parkin-independent, PINK1-dependent manner.
Data‐Driven Analysis Reveals Cortical Infarction Patterns Correlated With Inflammation and Prognosis: A Retrospective, Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Wen‐Jie , Ding Lingling , Zhang Qiang , Jing Jing , Jiang Yong , Meng Xia , Gu Hongqiu , Yang Kaixuan , Wang Yilong , Li Hao , Wang Yongjun , Zhao Xingquan , Li Zixiao
Published: June 2024

Background

We aim to identify the distinct lesion patterns and regions associated with functional outcome and inflammation in patients with acute ischemic stroke, and investigate whether the association between lesion patterns and functional outcome was mediated by inflammation.

Methods and Results

We performed nonnegative matrix factorization to derived low‐dimensional lesion patterns (atoms), and Bayesian linear regression models were applied to explore the associations of lesion patterns with inflammatory factors including high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein and interleukin‐6, as well as functional outcome (defined as modified Rankin Scale score at 3 months). The difference distribution mean and 95% highest probability density interval (HPDI) were calculated. Mediation analysis was used to examine the mediating effects of inflammation on the relationships between lesion patterns and functional outcome. Seven lesion patterns were derived from 5914 patients with acute ischemic stroke. Lesion patterns distributed in the cortical regions were associated with inflammatory response, including atom 1 (interleukin‐6: mean, 0.113 [95% HPDI, 0.073–0.162]; high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein: mean, 0.082 [95% HPDI, 0.038–0.123]) and atom 4 (interleukin‐6: mean, 0.113 [95% HPDI, 0.071–0.167]; high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein: mean, 0.108 [95% HPDI, 0.058–0.165]). These lesion patterns were also significantly associated with functional outcome (atom 1: mean, 1.958 [95% HPDI, 1.538–2.383]; atom 4: mean, 2.245 [95% HPDI, 1.773–2.741]). Mediation analysis suggested that interleukin‐6 explained 15.34% and 7.47% in the association of atom 1 and atom 4 with functional outcome, respectively.

Conclusions

Certain lesion patterns that are associated with both inflammation and functional outcome of acute ischemic stroke, especially cortical infarction, may play a role in functional outcome through modulating inflammatory reactions.
Skrjabinomermis pirnaimi sp. n. (Nematoda: Mermithidae) from Iran: A morphological and molecular phylogenetic study
Authors: Abootalebi Faegheh , Niknam Gholamreza , Vazifeh Nasir , Camino Nora B. , Shaaf Gorashi Saideh
Published: June 2024

A new species of the genus Skrjabinomermis, collected from two locations in north and northwest of Iran, is described and illustrated, including morphological data and D2-D3 rRNA LSU sequences. Skrjabinomermis pirnaimi sp. n. is characterised by its six cephalic papillae, two hypodermal pegs in the area of the cephalic papillae, adult’s cuticle with very fine cross fibres, head rounded, mouth central, amphids cup-shaped, six hypodermal cords, vulva a transverse slit, located post-equatorially, cuticular protruding and vulval lips well developed, vagina pear- or barrel-shaped, with slightly bent lumen, tail similar in both sexes, bluntly rounded, spicules paired, medium sized, slightly curved, fused posteriorly for about 68-73% of their length, with pointed tip, male genital papillae arranged in three rows: the median ventral row having two pre- and two post-anal papillae, and the lateroventral rows with five papillae each. Molecular analyses using the D2-D3 expansion regions of the 28S rRNA gene sequences placed the genus Skrjabinomermis as a sister genus to Romanomermis with 93% Bayesian posterior probability based upon currently available data.
The Cultural Lens of Childhood
Authors: Quarshie John
Published: June 2024

This study explores how parents’ understanding of childhood shapes their awareness and support for children’s participation in family decision-making in Akropong Akuapem, Ghana. Adopting the interpretivist paradigm, a qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with 43 parents conveniently sampled revealed three key themes: dependency; identity formation; and empowerment. Understanding childhood as a period of dependence, parents acknowledge their role as duty-bearers towards their children who are right-holders. Childhood’s role in shaping identity highlights the strong bond between children, families and the community, notably through naming ceremonies and puberty rites. Additionally, considering childhood as an empowering system emphasises children’s active contributions to their development. The study advocates for nurturing childhood as a period of empowerment, facilitating active children’s participation in family decisions concerning them whilst upholding rich cultural values. These insights have practical implications for Ghanaian culture and human rights.
Criminalisation of Juvenile Justice
Authors: Ramaswamy Sheila , Ashok Saurabh Shashi , Seshadri Shekhar , Mander Harsh , Bunders-Aelen Joske , Madan Lokur Justice
Published: June 2024

The development of juvenile transfer laws, against the backdrop of significant public outrage against a perceived increase in juvenile crime, has generated multiple debates, mostly centred on issues of child-inclusive justice versus crime mitigation and public safety agendas. The resulting legal developments have sought to instrumentalise punitive justice approaches, that facilitate the criminalisation of a sub-group of children (based on age and severity of crime), by articulating a limited and exclusionary conception of vulnerability. To bridge this gap, this article comprehensively evaluates the core assumptions of the juvenile transfer laws in India, through transdisciplinary considerations that integrate legal, rights-based and mental health perspectives, thereby making the analysis relevant to other legal jurisdictions with provisions for juvenile transfer. Alternative approaches to transfer, that adopt a rehabilitative and capacity-based justice orientation to culpability are discussed, to suggest crime prevention approaches cognizant of adolescent psychosocial vulnerabilities, and the need for mitigation of criminality.
Reimagining Youth Subjectivity
Authors: Rampersaud Marsha , Parada Henry , Olivo Veronica Escobar , Ouellette Chloe
Published: June 2024

This research achieves two aims: it seeks to understand how the norms and standards outlined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (crc) are implemented in Canada, focusing on legislative compliance at the provincial/territorial level: specifically, the Child, Youth and Family Services Act (2017). Second, it evaluates whether the crc has material value by exploring how youth subjectivity is constituted through this legislation. To achieve these aims, we engaged with the text of the legislation using Foucauldian critical discourse analysis (cda). Findings indicate a shift in Ontario’s political discourse through this Act’s repositioning of young people as autonomous rights-holders. However, a disconnect is revealed between progressive legislation and the real-life impacts on young people. Consequently, the legislation represents an essential first step, but more is needed to realise the crc’s goal of establishing rights for all young people.
What Shapes Ambivalence towards ‘Feminism’ amongst the Clergy?
Authors: Fry Alex D.J. , Jagger Sharon
Published: June 2024

In 1994 the Church of England ordained its first women priests and since 2014 women clergy have been appointed as bishops, a senior role in the Church’s ordained hierarchy. However, their acceptance into these roles has been highly ambivalent. How ambivalence manifests and the role of deeper beliefs about gender in the Church is under-researched, especially in understanding the positions of male clergy who oppose women’s ordination. This article draws on data sets from two separate projects conducting semi-structured interviews with both men and women in ordained ministry and compares the ambivalence towards feminism held by female clergy and theologically conservative male clergy. The argument unpacks how institutional and cultural factors intersect with tradition-specific beliefs to generate highly ambivalent views about feminism as a movement. The conclusion suggests ways feminism is mythologised and used to reframe conservative male clergy as vulnerable and as potential victims of misandry.
Tidal Conversion into Vertical Normal Modes by Near-Critical Topography
Authors: Geoffroy Gaspard , Pollmann Friederike , Nycander Jonas
Published: June 2024

The solution from linear theory for the barotropic-to-baroclinic tidal energy conversion into vertical modes is validated with numerical simulations and analytical results. The main result is the translation of the traditional critical slope condition into a modewise condition on the topographic height only. Our findings are then used for estimates of the global M2 tidal conversion into the first 10 vertical modes in the open ocean (excluding the continental shelves and slopes). We observe a rapid increase with mode number of the fraction of the World Ocean where linear theory is invalid. In terms of conversion, which is highly variable in space, this corresponds to an even more rapid increase with mode number of the fraction of the converted energy that is strongly affected by nonlinear effects. Out of the 373.6 GW of the globally integrated conversion into modes 1–10, only 241.7 GW occur in locations where linear theory is valid. While it represents 95% for mode 1, this fraction rapidly drops with mode number to reach 27% for mode 10. Moreover, for the conversion into a single mode, we show that capping the linear solution at supercritical topography is inappropriate. Hence, linear theory appears unfit to directly quantify the role played by high-mode internal tides in the internal wave energy budget.
Examining Indirect and Direct Effects of Risk and Resilience on the Relation Between Perceived Discrimination and Eating Disorder Symptoms in Ethnic Minority American Women
Authors: Kalantzis Maria A. , Braden Abby L.
Published: June 2024

Direct relationships between perceived discrimination and eating pathology in ethnic minorities are well-documented. However, theoretical work examining unique risk and resilience factors that strengthen or weaken the relation between these constructs in ethnic minorities is lacking. The current study aims to address this gap by incorporating stress-process and tripartite frameworks to examine social and personal resources as they relate to perceived discrimination and eating pathology. In a sample of Black, Asian, and Latine women ( N = 296, M age = 30.82), social support did not mediate the relationship between perceived discrimination and eating pathology. A significant interaction effect was observed for thin-ideal internalization strengthening the relation between perceived discrimination and negative emotional eating. Thin-ideal internalization moderated the relation between perceived discrimination and negative emotional eating in Latine Women, and disordered eating in Black Women. Overall, findings suggest ethnic minority Women have both personal and social resources that may influence the strength of effect on the relation between perceived discrimination on eating pathology.
Binaural hearing aid intervention for a patient with nonserviceable hearing loss after surgery for vestibular schwannoma: A case report
Authors: Hosoya Makoto , Iwabu Kaho , Hasebe Natsuki , Nishiyama Takanori , Wakabayashi Takeshi , Shimanuki Marie , Ueno Masafumi , Ozawa Hiroyuki , Oishi Naoki
Published: June 2024

A vestibular schwannoma is a benign tumor; however, the schwannoma itself and interventions can cause sensorineural hearing loss. Most vestibular schwannomas are unilateral tumors that affect hearing only on one side. Attention has focused on improving the quality of life for patients with unilateral hearing loss and therapeutic interventions to address this issue have been emphasized. Herein, we encountered a patient who was a candidate for hearing preservation surgery based on preoperative findings and had nonserviceable hearing after the surgery, according to the Gardner–Robertson classification. Postoperatively, the patient had decreased listening comprehension and ability to localize sound sources. He was fitted with bilateral hearing aids, and his ability to localize sound sources improved. Although the patient had postoperative nonserviceable hearing on the affected side and age-related hearing loss on the unaffected side, hearing aids in both ears were useful for his daily life. Therefore, the patient was able to maintain a binaural hearing effect and the ability to localize the sound source improved. This report emphasizes the importance of hearing preservation with vestibular schwannomas, and the demand for hearing loss rehabilitation as a postoperative complication can increase, even if hearing loss is nonserviceable.
Predictive factors of early autologous blood pleurodesis for postoperative air leak
Authors: Kitamura Naoya , Doki Yoshinori , Tanabe Keitaro , Akemoto Yushi , Shimada Yoshifumi , Ojima Toshihiro , Shimoyama Koichiro , Homma Takahiro , Tsuchiya Tomoshi
Published: June 2024

Background

The usefulness of autologous blood pleurodesis for air leak after pulmonary resection is well known; however, factors predicting the therapeutic efficacy are poorly understood. Herein, we aimed to examine the predictors of early autologous blood pleurodesis for air leak following pulmonary resection.

Methods

Patients who underwent pulmonary resection and autologous blood pleurodesis with thrombin for postoperative air leak between January 2016 and October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients received 50–100 mL of autologous blood and 20,000 units of thrombin on postoperative days 1–4. If necessary, the same procedure or pleurodesis with other chemical agents was repeated until the air leak stopped. Patients were divided into single-dose and multiple-dose groups based on the number of times pleurodesis had occurred before the air leak stopped and were statistically analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of treatment efficacy.

Results

Of the 922 patients who underwent pulmonary resection, 57 patients (6.2%) were included and divided into single-dose ( n = 38) and multiple-dose ( n = 19) groups. The amount of air leaks was identified as a significant predictor of multiple dosing, with a cutoff of 60 mL/min, in multivariate logistic regression analyses (odds ratio 1.13, 95% CI 1.03–1.24, p = 0.0065). The multiple-dose group showed a significantly higher recurrence of air leak ( p = 0.0417).

Conclusions

The amount of air leaks after pulmonary resection is the only significant factor predicting whether multiple autologous blood pleurodesis is required, and the recurrence rate of pneumothorax is significantly higher in such cases.
Cutting performance of coated carbide inserts in hard turning of hardened AISI D2 cold work tool steels
Authors: Cakan Ahmet , Albayrak Onder , Gozmen Sanli Bengi , Guven Onur , Ugurlu Mustafa , Atmaca Hatice
Published: June 2024

Hard turning is a dry machining process that is often preferred over conventional grinding to achieve final dimensions on a workpiece that is already in a hardened state. In this study, hard turning process was preferred due to its numerous advantages such as low machining time, low total production cost, better surface integrity and better environmental effect because of elimination of coolant. The hardness of the material being machined can cause significant wear on the cutting insert. This study investigated the effects of TiCN + Al2O3 + TiN coated carbide inserts on the machining process of hardened AISI D2 cold work tool steel. The temperature of cutting zone, tool wear, flank wear, surface roughness, hardness, chip formation, and microstructure were all measured as a function of cutting speed. A real-time monitoring system was used to measure wear at the tool edge and temperature on the flank face of the cutting insert. The results showed that increasing cutting speed from 100 to 157 m/min led to higher cutting edge temperatures (from 585 to 713°C, respectively) and lower tool flank wear (from 14.6 to 10.8µm, respectively). The multilayer coated carbide inserts produced a ground-quality surface finish with a roughness value of 0.10–0.15 μm. Achieving high cutting edge temperature, low tool flank wear and fine-grinding quality surface finish underscore the effectiveness of using multilayer-coated carbide inserts in the hard turning of hardened steels.
Planetary Health and Education for Sustainable Development: An Integrative Approach with Focus on Climate Change-related Human Health Risks and Their Thematization in School Contexts
Authors: Wittlich Christian , MöNter Leif , Lathan Hannah
Published: June 2024

The Planetary Health (PH) approach addresses health risks resulting from anthropogenic climate change. It offers an integrative understanding of nature, whereby humans and their health are regarded as part of nature, and individual concerns are situated in relation to the interactions between society and the environment. However, this approach has not yet been incorporated into educational practice. Thus, this article presents the potential of PH for secondary educational measures from the perspective of Geography. Using the concept of system competence, this contribution illustrates how PH can be integrated into the established concept of Education for Sustainable Development. While previous concepts in the context of climate change have focused on mitigation, the examples presented are dedicated to adaptation.
Meaning-making Coping in Finnish Parents Following the Traumatic Death of a Child
Authors: Mohamed Hussin Nur Atikah , Aho Anna Liisa
Published: June 2024

Meaning-making is a crucial coping strategy for parents following a traumatic loss of their child and has been associated with better adjustment for parents dealing with such losses. However, meaning-making is often underexplored. The present study investigates the use of meaning-making coping among parents who experienced the traumatic death of a child. The study involved 117 participants (n = 108 female, n = 5 male, and n = 4 who did not disclose their gender). Overall, 117 parents responded to open-ended questions using the LimeSurvey tool and 17 parents participated in telephone interviews. Through a thematic analysis of the collected data, five key themes emerged: religion as a source of personal strength and support, tragic optimism, finding meaning through supporting others and the meaning of the parent-child bond. This study holds significant importance in advancing our understanding of parental grief in the context of traumatic loss. The findings emphasize the critical need to provide support for parents and assist them in the process of meaning-making, which can play a pivotal role in reducing the risk of negative consequences that often follow the traumatic death of a child.
Protean Career Orientation and Career Success: On the Roles of Proactive Career Process During the School-To-Work Transition
Authors: Bazine Nicolas , Stevenson Lauren , Freour Léa
Published: June 2024

In order to better understand the factors fostering the success of school-to-work-transition (STWT), the current research examines a longitudinal model of proactive career development and career success on a sample of students transitioning from university to work. Using structural equation modeling, we tested a theoretical model based on Grant and Ashford’s (2008) and Hall’s et al. (2018) propositions, specifying the relationship between protean career orientation, career planning, networking behaviors and career success. A four-wave longitudinal study was conducted over three years on a sample of 231 university students (75% of female, mean age = 28.24 years) transitioning from school to work. The findings support the process model, indicating that protean career orientation influences career planning which in turn, positively affects networking. Finally, networking is found to be related to career success. The findings are considered in terms of their implications for understanding the process underlying the transition from school to work. Our study provides practical implications which are discussed.
Laminated permanent magnet array eddy current damper for large-scale precision micro-vibration isolation
Authors: Zhao Yamin , Cui Junning , Cui Rongxian , Jin Mingrui , Zhao Jingdong
Published: June 2024

A laminated permanent magnet array eddy current damper (LPMAECD) is proposed to achieve excellent performance for large-scale precision micro-vibration isolation. It improves the damping coefficient by perpendicular magnetized permanent magnet arrays (PMPMA) and laminar arrangement. The PMPMA forms a magnetic field with unilateral characteristics that increase the air gap magnetic flux density and decrease the magnetic flux density near the yoke, thus achieving a high damping coefficient and a low magnetic leakage. Furthermore, the laminar arrangement increases the damping coefficient further and linearly. The theoretical model of LPMAECD is established and validated, and the effect of its geometrical parameters is analyzed. Experimental results show that the damping ratio of the vibration isolation system is raised from 0.12 to 0.32 by LPMAECD, and the peak transmissibility is attenuated by 66%, with the isolation level improved from VC-D to VC-E. It provides an effective method for solving the weak throttling damping of large-scale precision micro-vibration isolation.
Islamic work ethic and emerging market challenges
Authors: Ali Abbas J , Al-Aali Ghaida , Krishnan Krish
Published: June 2024

This study was designed to address differences, if any, between expatriates and national managers in Saudi Arabia. These are addressed in terms of Islamic Work Ethic (IWE), attitudes towards creativity, consumerism, and competition in a traditional society that economically relies heavily on expatriates. This study covers issues that are often overlooked in terms of Islamic ethics and rising marketing challenges in a traditional culture that has been exposed to the western capitalist system. While the context of this study is important, it is the effect on the cultural identity and symbolism that adds value to this research. The results reveal that expatriates scored higher than citizens on IWE, creativity, and competition; citizens scored higher on consumerism; and male participants recorded higher scores than females on IWE, creativity, and competition. This article makes four contributions. First, it contributes to our understanding that in facing job insecurity, expatriates’ expectations are regulated, and they have to engage in various strategies to reduce uncertainty and strengthen their roles in the workplace. Second, the sociopolitical environment places severe limits on expatriates and induces them to rely on their cultural beliefs as an adaptation mechanism to host country cultural traditions. Third, cultural openness that has taken place in the Kingdom in recent decades has enabled women to assert themselves in the workplace and capitalize on newly founded economic opportunities. Fourth, the article suggests that changes in the marketplace due to the adoption of the global capitalism system may eventually erode cultural traditions and that cross-cultural management scholars should give consideration to issues that affect people in their daily lives.
Factors Affecting the Decision on Cannabis Use in Gynecologic Cancer Patients After the Legalization of Cannabis
Authors: Lertaroonchai Chanita , Jeerakornpassawat Dhammapoj , Tongsong Theera , Muangmool Tanarat
Published: June 2024

Objective:

To characterize the patterns of cannabis use among gynecologic cancer patients, in terms of potential factors influencing their decision-making on cannabis use, the reasons for use or non-use, and sources of information on cannabis use.

Methods:

From March to July 2022, gynecologic cancer patients at a clinic were interviewed and classified into 3 groups: current users, ex-users, and never-users. The received data included: demographic data, cannabis use details, reasons for using and not using, adverse events, satisfaction, and intent to use. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to identify risk factors influencing decision-making.

Result:

Among 240 participants, 11.67% were classified as current users, 28.33% as ex-users, and 60% as never-users. The significant factors influencing cannabis use decisions were advanced stage and receiving information on cannabis, regardless of the information source. The satisfaction derived from cannabis was due to the enhancement of mood and physical activity, improvement in sleep quality, stimulation of appetite, and mitigation of adverse events associated with cancer treatment. Approximately 60% of users aimed for a cancer cure. The main reasons for quitting were inability to obtain cannabis and absence of persistent cancer symptoms.

Conclusion:

Among Thai patients with gynecologic cancer, 40% had a history of cannabis use. Advanced cancer stage was an independent factor for decision-making on cannabis use. Sources of information on cannabis are non-healthcare providers. Many patients intended to use cannabis for cancer cure. Also, many were satisfied with use because of a relief of unwanted symptoms, indirectly suggesting improvement in quality of life. The main reason for quitting was unavailability. The main reason for never trying was a concern of interference with treatment. Our results may guide the direction of strategy of cannabis use among patients with gynecologic cancers.
Development of needle-punched nonwovens made from waste milkweed and PET fibers
Authors: Tekbaş Rana Nur , Karkın Sevgi , Cengiz Fehmi , Mula Murat , Gürarslan Alper
Published: June 2024

Despite the widespread usage and affordability of petroleum-based products, there has been tremendous effort in prioritizing and utilizing biodegradable and environmentally friendly materials. Untraditional natural fibers play a critical role in sustainability studies; however, fibers such as kapok and milkweed are quite expensive compared to other plant-based natural fibers such as cotton and flax. Therefore, it is critical to utilize these untraditional fibers in the most efficient manner that is possible. In this study, short milkweed fiber leftovers collected from the milkweed yarn spinning process were utilized as a filler material inside the needle-punched nonwoven fabrics. For this purpose, short milkweed fibers were blended with hollow polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers to develop nonwovens. Three different sets of weight/g fabrics were prepared for both only PET containing and short milkweed/PET blended fibers. Thickness, weight, tensile and bursting strength, thermal comfort, air permeability, and water contact angle measurements were conducted for the samples. Consequently, the thermal resistance of short milkweed/PET blended fabrics with similar weight increased by up to 34% compared to only PET-containing fabrics. Results indicate that valuable short milkweed fibers are suitable for developing nonwoven fabrics with comparable physical properties and superior thermal insulation properties.
The Effect of Nelumbo nucifera Ethanolic Extract on Gut Microbiota in Hyperlipidemic Rats Induced by a High-Fat Diet
Authors: Lu Zhenhua , Wei Gangjie , Xu Qing , Li Yangguang , Cai Xiaojun
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of Nelumbo nucifera alcoholic extract (LLAE) on the intestinal microbiota in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia. Methods: Thirty male-specific pathogen-free Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: the blank control group, the model control group, and the LLAE group. The body weight of the rats was recorded during the treatment period. The serum, liver, and intestinal content samples were collected for further analysis after sacrificing. Results: The results suggest that LLAE-treated hyperlipidemic rats showed a significant reduction in serum triglycerides, total cholesterols, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. LLAE could improve hepatocyte steatosis and ameliorate hepatocyte injury. The significant variation in gut microbial alpha diversity at multiple levels, including phylum and genus levels occurred throughout treatment in the LLAE group. The intestinal microbiota of hyperlipidemic rats were disordered, and there was a correlation between the amount of intestinal flora and the level of lipids. Conclusion: LLAE may improve hepatocyte function by changing the type and abundance value of intestinal microorganisms, reducing the content of total cholesterol, total triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and thus improving hyperlipidemia.
Preventing Exertional Heat Stroke in Football: Time for a Paradigm Shift
Authors: Anderson Scott A. , Eichner E. Randy , Bennett Scott , Boden Barry P. , Colgate Bob , Courson Ron , Davis Jon K. , Elkins Gregory A. , Judge Lawrence W. , Krueger Mike , Kucera Kristen L. , Niehoff Karissa , Rooks Yvette , Tucker James B. , Roberts William O.
Published: June 2024

Context:

Among American sports, football has the highest incidence of exertional heat stroke (EHS), despite decades of prevention strategies. Based on recent reports, 100% of high school and college EHS football fatalities occur during conditioning sessions. Linemen are the at-risk population, constituting 97% of football EHS deaths. Linemen heat up faster and cool down slower than other players.

Evidence Acquisition:

Case series were identified from organized, supervised football at the youth, high school, and collegiate levels and compiled in the National Registry of Catastrophic Sports Injuries. Sources for event occurrence were media reports and newspaper clippings, autopsy reports, certificates of death, school-sponsored investigations, and published medical literature. Articles were identified through PubMed with search terms “football,” “exertional heat stroke,” and “prevention.”

Study Design:

Clinical review.

Level of Evidence:

Level 5.

Results:

Football EHS is tied to (1) high-intensity drills and conditioning that is not specific to individual player positions, (2) physical exertion as punishment; (3) failure to modify physical activity for high heat and humidity, (4) failure to recognize early signs and symptoms of EHS, and (5) death when cooling is delayed.

Conclusion:

To prevent football EHS, (1) all training and conditioning should be position specific; (2) physical activity should be modified per the heat load; (3) understand that some players have a “do-or-die” mentality that supersedes their personal safety; (4) never use physical exertion as punishment; (5) eliminate conditioning tests, serial sprints, and any reckless drills that are inappropriate for linemen; and (6) consider air-conditioned venues for linemen during hot practices. To prevent EHS, train linemen based on game demands.

Strength-of-Recommendation Taxonomy:

n/a.
Miner threat: Premature death to prefigurative politics for unearthing solar-grade silica
Authors: Stock Ryan , Ptak Thomas
Published: June 2024

Polycrystalline silicon is an essential input for solar photovoltaic technologies, commonly found in quartz and sand. India's headlong lunge into solar power will require an immense amount of domestically sourced polycrystalline silicon from Uttar Pradesh. Drawing on mixed-methods fieldwork, this study asks the following research question: Which factors produce the precarity of silica miners? This study found that Dalit miners are being dispossessed of their livelihoods through the mechanization of silica mining. Miners were also victims of workplace hazards, accidents, and ecological degradation. The dead labor of silica and the living laborers facing premature death from mining injustices will haunt India's low-carbon futures. Silica territorialities of India are a palimpsest, where precarity written in the sand is transposed by prefigurative politics that can author an emancipatory solar manifesto. Against the grains, exhumed miners of silica extraction for solar power will assume their place in the sun.