bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing a Text Messaging Risk Reduction Intervention for Methamphetamine-Using MSM: Research Note
Authors: Reback Cathy J , Ling Deborah , Shoptaw Steven , Rohde Jane
Published: May 2010

Men who have sex with men (MSM) who use methamphetamine experience high risks for HIV infection due to sexual transmission behaviors often engaged in when under the influence of methamphetamine. Methamphetamine-using MSM use various forms of information technology (IT) communication such as instant messaging, social networking sites, and websites to facilitate a sexual and/or drug “hook up.” Given the acceptability of IT communication in their daily lives, an IT intervention represents an appropriate strategy to reach and intervene with out-of-treatment, methamphetamine-using MSM. The aim of this study was to conduct formative work to develop a text messaging intervention to reduce methamphetamine use and high-risk sexual behaviors among out-of-treatment MSM, which involved conducting focus groups, community partners’ meetings, and a pre-test intervention. These activities culminated in the development of a two-week, text-messaging intervention that delivered real-time electronic correspondence based on the behavioral change theories of Social Support Theory, Health Belief Model, and Social Cognitive Theory. The focus groups, community meetings, and pre-test were used to identify the IT communication device, the text messages that best support risk reduction and healthier behavioral choices, and logo, flyer and website development. The input and feedback from the target population and community partners were critical to the successful development of a culturally appropriate intervention. The knowledge gleaned from the formative work of this study will be vitally helpful in designing future IT studies.
Sleep Disorders and Chronic Constipation: Relation to Other Co-morbidities?
Authors: Szeinbach S. L. , Rodriguez-Monguio R. , Baran R. W. , Williams P. B.
Published: May 2010

Sleep disorders are common complaints and frequently associated with a number of disease states. Although the link between sleep disorders, respiratory diseases, and other co-morbid conditions experienced by patients has been investigated, the link between sleep disorders and chronic constipation is relatively unexplored. Given the widespread occurrence of sleep disorders, it is important to evaluate how sleep disorders relate to respiratory diseases and other comorbid disease states in participants with chronic constipation. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify co-morbid conditions that were significant predictors for chronic constipation participants with and without sleep disorders. Of the 311 participants with a confirmed diagnosis of chronic constipation, 84% of the sample was female with 52% having sleep disorders, approximately two-thirds reported allergies, and 30% or less reported chronic sinusitis, chronic bronchitis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Results from logistic regression analysis revealed significant odds ratios for sleep disorders and allergies (OR 2.4; p = 0.001), asthma (OR 2.0; p = 0.01), chronic bronchitis (OR 2.2; p = 0.014), COPD (OR 4.0; p < 0.001), sinusitis (OR 2.0; p = 0.008), and for other co-morbid conditions. Perceptions of overall health were significantly worse (p < 0.001) for chronic constipation participants with certain co-morbid conditions including sleep disorders, respiratory diseases, and disease states producing pain. Co-morbid conditions may influence information provided by patients when discussing family history, diagnosing, discussing pharmacotherapy, and monitoring patient-reported outcomes. Co-morbid conditions should be considered by physicians and specialists during patient assessment and evaluation.
Neuron, Glia and Reciprocal Relationships in Pain Processing
Authors: Ren Ke
Published: May 2010

Current neurobiology has evolved to accept an active role of non-neuronal components of the nervous system, glial cells in particular, in neuronal activities including synaptic transmission. The two major glial cell subtypes microglia and astrocytes express some neurotransmitter receptors and can secrete a variety of chemical mediators that either facilitate or suppress neuronal activity. Of particular interest is that glial cells convert their functional phenotype from a relatively quiescent to a hyperactive or activated state in response to central or peripheral injury, so called glial activation. Cumulating evidence indicates that activated glial cells contribute to neurological disorders including the development of chronic pain conditions [1-3]. Elucidating cellular mechanisms underlying the involvement of glia in pain hypersensitivity presents new challenges to pain research. Apparently, there are reciprocal relationships between neurons and glial cells (Fig. 1). Nociceptive inputs related to injury are carried by primary afferent nerves and excite postsynaptic neurons. The same nociceptive inputs may also be read by glial cells and trigger cellular events that lead to neuronal sensitization and increased pain. Chemical mediators such as ATP and chemokines fractalkine and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) can be released from neurons and bind to respective receptors on microglia and astrocytes. Reciprocally, glial cells release brain-derived neurotrophic factors and cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α to act on their receptors on neurons. There are also interactions between glial cells. Microglia may influence astrocytes by secrete cytokine IL-18. These events alter the function of the pain processing circuitry and may have fundamental significance in our understanding of chronic pain mechanisms. Three laboratories have contributed to this special issue of The Open Pain Journal on neuron-glial interactions in the mechanisms of persistent pain. These mini-reviews are timely and offer creative thoughts for future research in this area. Durham and Garrett utilize trigeminal models to emphasize that neuron-glial interactions also occur in peripheral sensory ganglia. Satellite glial cells in trigeminal ganglion affect excitability of nociceptors through paracrine signaling as well as hemichannels formed by gap junction proteins. Davies, Kim and Oh conduct in depth discussion on microglia biology and pain processing. They analyze a variety of chemicals involved in reciprocal neuron-glial signaling and review function of potassium channels in microglia. Luongo, Palazzo, de Novellis and Maione focus on the role of endocannabinoids, which are present in microglia at very high levels, in neuron-glial crosstalk. They also correctly point out the potential protective role of glial activation in the event of injury [also see 2]. It is hoped that the focus discussion presented here will provoke studies towards a better understanding of the mechanisms of chronic pain.
An Investigation of Nursing News in Turkish Daily Newspapers
Authors: Ertem Gul , Donmez Yelda Candan , Oksel Esra
Published: May 2010

This research was planned in order to analyze news items about nursing published in the media and to investigate how nursing is portrayed in publications in Turkey. News items related to nursing were accessed for the year 2006, by searching the online news archives with the keyword
nursing. Data were collected on 8 characteristics. In total, 103 news items regarding nursing were collected from 7 daily newspapers and evaluated. It was concluded that news regarding nursing was poorly covered in terms of quantity and quality and that published articles gave a negative
impression of nursing. Nor did the published articles reflect the scientific side of nursing.
Person-Organization Fit, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intention: An Empirical Study in the Chinese Public Sector
Authors: Liu Bangcheng , Liu Jianxin , Hu Jin
Published: May 2010

Based on a survey of 259 full-time employees in the public sector who were also part-time students for the Master of Public Administration program at a prestigious university in eastern China, it was found that person-organization (P-O) fit is a good predictor of job satisfaction and
turnover intention in a Chinese context. In contrast to previous findings, the results of competition model analysis indicate that job satisfaction does work as a full mediator between P-O fit and turnover intention. In fact, P-O fit affects turnover intention through job satisfaction as a
mediator.
Early Adolescent Players' Playfulness and Psychological Needs in Online Games
Authors: Chiang Yu-Tzu , Lin Sunny S. S. J.
Published: May 2010

Early adolescent in-game playfulness (state), playfulness trait rated during the study procedure, and psychological needs fulfilled through online gaming were explored. Taiwan adolescents (N = 132) were recruited to connect to an online game for a certain period of time. Immediately
after this gaming procedure, they completed questionnaires of players' momentary playfulness and psychological needs. Online game playfulness trait was mapped onto 2 broad dimensions: self-game focused and cognition-affect driving. In-game playfulness was a more suitable indicator (than playfulness
trait) to describe adolescents' immediate experience of playfulness. Adolescents' psychological needs included in-game autonomy, in-game competence, and in-game relatedness, and adolescents' psychological needs predicted in-game playfulness.
The Effectiveness of a Psychoeducational Group Program with Inpatients Being Treated for Chronic Mental Illness
Authors: Duman Zekiye Cetinkaya , Yildirim Nazmiye Kocaman , Ucok Alp , Er Filiz , Kanik Turkan
Published: May 2010

The aim in this study was to measure the effectiveness of a psychoeducation program with inpatients who had chronic mental illness and a history of repeat hospitalization for this. A questionnaire was developed to evaluate the program content was completed by 46 patients before and
after they took part in the program. The questionnaire assessed patients' management of the illness, medication effects and side effects, warning signs of relapse, and ways of developing an emergency plan. With the exception of 1 question, there was a significant difference in the number of
patients who responded to the items of the questionnaire between the pre- and posttests. The results of the study showed that the patients were able to learn about complex material presented in a short but well-structured training program during a brief typical inpatient stay.
An Application of Belief-Importance Theory with Reference to the Big Five and Trait Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Petrides K. V.
Published: May 2010

In this article the basic principles of belief-importance (belimp) theory are described, according to which it is hypothesized that personality traits confer a propensity to perceive convergences and divergences between an individual's belief that he/she can attain certain goals and
the importance that he/she places on these goals. Belief and importance are conceptualized as 2 coordinates, together defining the belimp plane. Within the belimp plane 4 distinct quadrants can be identified (hubris, motivation, depression, and apathy) and in the present study (N =
532) the hypothesis is tested that these broadly correspond to the personality dimensions of trait emotional intelligence, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and introversion. Twelve specific hypotheses were advanced, of which 10 were fully borne out by the data and 2 partially. The results are
interpreted with emphasis on the theoretical and practical advantages of belimp theory.
On some Serbian nouns which are used as specific quantifiers
Authors: Ivic Milka
Published: May 2010

This article presents additional support to the theoretical views of Predrag Piper exposed in his work 2002 focussing some hitherto in the linguistic literature unconsidered ways in which noun items help impaling quantification.
Problemy opisanija russkogo sintaksisa v semanticeskom aspekte
Authors: Kiklevic Aleksandr
Published: May 2010

V stat'e rassmatrivajutsja spornye problemy semanticeskogo opisanija russkogo sintaksisa. Avtor rassmatrivaet modelirovanie semanticeskoj struktury predlozenija v perspektive ontologiceskogo determinizma i jazykovoj otnositel'nosti, rol' grammaticeskih kategorij v realizacii sintaksiceskoj semantiki. Osobennoe vnimanie v svjazi s etim udeljaetsja probleme razgranicenija objazatel'nyh ili neobjazatel'nyh komponentov predlozenija, t. e. konstituentov i ad''junktov. Rassmatrivaja javlenie sintaksiceskoj omonimii, avtor priderzivaetsja tocki zrenija, cto ponimanie omonimicnyh konstrukcij v reci opiraetsja ne tol'ko na grammaticeskie modeli predlozenija, no v bol'sej stepeni - na leksiko-semanticeskij sostav predlozenija. Semanticeskaja struktura predlozenija, v predstavlenii avtora zavisit ot naivnoj kartiny mira.
Srpski jezik u kontekstu nacionalnih identiteta - povodom srpske manjine u madjarskoj
Authors: Radic Jovanka , Miloradovic Sofija
Published: May 2010

Im ersten Teil der Arbeit werden bisherige dialektologische Untersuchungen der Sprache der Serben und anderer mit ihnen verwandter ethnischer Gruppen in Ungarn dargelegt, wobei zugleich auf die Frage der ethnischen/nationalen Namensgebung und Selbstbenennung von Tragern der angefuhrten dialektalen Typen eingegangen wird. Man kam zur Einsicht, dass die Serben in Ungarn, sowie alle deren Landsleute, unabhangig davon, wo sie wohnen, heutzutage vielerlei Unbehagen hegen, wenn es um 'Teilungen' des bisher gemeinsamen Standards im 'serbokroatischen' Sprachraum geht. Mit Rucksicht auf das so dargelegte Verhaltnis zwischen der Sprache und Identitat der stokavischen ethnischen Gruppen im Nachbarstaat Ungarn wird im zweiten Teil der Arbeit der Versuch unternommen, das Verhaltnis zwischen der serbischen Sprache und den nationalen Identitaten auf dem Gebiet des ehemaligen Jugoslawien zu uberblicken, zwecks Hervorhebung und Erklarung einzelner Momente, die das Verstandnis der sprachlich-nationalen Identitat entscheidend beinflussten. Es handelt sich um ein besonderes Problem der sprachlichen Identitat von mehreren Gruppierungen, die sich der Schrift 'sprachen' bedienen, denen dieselbe linguistische Basis zugrundeliegt.
Towards a study of adjectives bogovetan and the like
Authors: Bjeletic Marta
Published: May 2010

The paper offers an analysis of Serbian adjectives bogovetan, dragovetan dugovetan, istovetan, jednovetan, samovetan, svakovetan and ciglovetan which from a synchronic point of view, have an ending in -ovetan. Such adjectives often come in syntagmata where they function as intensifiers. It is presumed that it was the adjective bogovetan that originally served as a model from which the suffix -ovetan was generalized. Three possible etymological explanations of this adjective are offered: *bogo-govet?n?, *bogo-v?t?n? and *bogo-( j)et?n?. In the realm of semantics, structures like S.-Cr. ceo bogovetni dan, Slk. cely/kazdy bohovity/bohovaty de? are related to general Slavic syntagmata of the type ceo bozji dan, on the basis of which a PSl. combination *boz?j? d?n? is reconstructed. And finally, S.-Cr. bogovetan and Slk. bohovity/bohovaty are defined as a Slovakian-Southslavic isolex(eme). .
Grecisms in Serbian: A review of previous and prospects for future studies
Authors: Vlajic-Popovic Jasna
Published: May 2010

The paper deals with Grecisms which are one of the most widely studied class of loanwords in Serbian. After defining its scope as limited to lexical Grecisms (thus leaving aside semantic borrowings and semantic translations) a short review of the bibliography of the hitherto studies of the topic is given, with a particular stress on the existing classifications of Grecisms. The point is made of proposing a new classification of Grecisms (more substantial than the hitherto ones which depart from that once given by Max Vasmer) to be established, based on three criteria: chronological geographical and genetic ones which often come intertwined in one the same word. Examples illustrating the tripartite classification and all its subcategories are provided by a few dozens of well-known, indisputable Grecisms. Specially highlighted is the existence of a series of pairs (even triads) of words different in form, often meaning too, which through various mediations derive from identical Greek prototypes. In conclusion, future tasks of studding Grecisms are identified as working on completing the corpus by excerption of all the dialectal sources available and parallel going through the relevant etymological works dealing with Grecisms in Serbian (and in other Balkan languages as well), with the ultimate goal of producing a monograph to be a continuation of Die griechischen Lehnworter im Serbo-Kroatischen, written by M. Vasmer almost seven decades ago.
Islet Transplantation a Decade Later and Strategies for Filling a Half-Full Glass
Authors: Robertson R. Paul
Published: May 2010

Alloislet transplantation for the treatment of type 1 diabetes enjoyed highly favorable status in the first half of the last decade but declined in favor during the second half. In this Perspective, I will briefly review the literature published in this area from 2000 to 2010 for the purposes of extracting lessons we have learned, considering whether the procedure should be deemed a partial success or a partial failure, and offering several strategies to improve alloislet transplantation outcomes in the future. In the end, I hope to strike a positive note about where this procedure is going, and how it will be applied to establish insulin independence in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Using Glycosylated Hemoglobin to Define the Metabolic Syndrome in United States Adults
Authors: Ong Kwok Leung , Tso Annette W.K. , Lam Karen S.L. , Cherny Stacey S. , Sham Pak Chung , Cheung Bernard M.Y.
Published: May 2010

OBJECTIVE

To compare the use of GHb and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) to define the metabolic syndrome (MetS).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2006 were used. MetS was defined using the consensus criteria in 2009. Raised blood glucose was defined as either FPG ≥100 mg/dl (5.6 mmol/l) or GHb ≥5.7%.

RESULTS

In 2003–2006, there was 91.3% agreement between GHb and FPG when either was used to define MetS. The agreement was good irrespective of age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, and diabetes status (≥87.4%). Similar results were found in 1999–2002. Among subjects without diabetes, only the use of GHb alone, but not FPG, resulted in significant association with cardiovascular diseases (odds ratio 1.45, P = 0.005).

CONCLUSIONS

Using GHb instead of FPG to define MetS is feasible. It also identifies individuals with increased cardiovascular risk.
Microstructure and microhardness study of laser bent Al-2024-T3
Authors: Ramos Jorge A. , Magee J. , Watkins K. G.
Published: May 2010

Microstructure and microhardness profile of laser bent AA 2024-T3 sheets were obtained to determine the effects of such a process on this material. A fast-axial flow CO2 laser unit (TEM00) was used at 250, 500, and 800 W continuous wave to bend the samples; scanning velocities ranged from 10 to 80 mm/s while laser spot diameters used were 1, 5, and 10 mm. Characterization techniques included light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Vickers microhardness. Laser bending process variables were arranged into a parameter called accumulated energy density (AED) in J/mm2. Light microscopy observations and microhardness results revealed that there was no damage to the microstructure for AED values less than 25 J/mm2. At these AED values, the microhardness level across the depth is closer to the average value of the as-received material (150.9+/−2.7 Hv). However, some AED values resulted in samples with microhardness above and below that number. Higher microhardness levels were attributed to a small grain size and a localized T6 temper while the lower values were associated with grain growth. For AED values between 25 and 125 J/mm2 subgrain structures and dispersoids at grain boundaries were observed under scanning electron microscopy. Partial melting at recrystallized grain boundaries was the principal form of damage. Remelting of the upper region of the sheet underneath the alclad layer took place leaving a cast structure. For AED values of 125 and 250 J/mm2, the alclad layer fused to the substrate. For AED values that caused partial melting and a considerable fusion drop in the microhardness value was observed.
In-process chromatic monitoring in the laser cleaning of marble
Authors: Lee J. M. , Watkins K. G. , Steen W. M.
Published: May 2010

In-process surface monitoring based on chromatic modulation has been carried out for the laser cleaning of marble, where a sensitive monitoring system is required during cleaning because even a small amount of substrate damage is not permitted when restoring artworks. The chromatic monitoring system described here consists of three photodetectors, fiber optics, a white light source, and a PC-based data acquisition and processing system. This monitor produces measurements that are dependent on the spectral signature of reflected light from the surface. Results show that the spectral parameters derived from the chromatic detection provide not only clear indication of the surface cleanliness and the substrate damage but also useful chromatic information on the surface. The chromatic technique offers unique characteristics such as fast speed, simplicity, and immunity to extraneous influences, which present a reliable monitoring system for laser cleaning processes.
Species and genera of soil nematodes in forest ecosystems of the Vihorlat Protected Landscape Area, Slovakia
Authors: Háněl L. , Čerevková A.
Published: May 2010

Fauna of soil nematodes was studied in three main forest types of the Vihorlat Mountains, Querceto-Fageto-Aceretum at Remetské Hámre (RH), Fagetum at Morské oko (MO), and Fageto-Aceretum at Sninský kameň (SK). Each forest type was represented by five sites. In total 198 species and 98 genera of soil nematodes were distinguished. Most species belonged to rare taxa with the frequency of occurrence lower than 50 %. The number of species and genera decreased from RH (167 species and 86 genera) through MO (115 and 68) to SK (87 and 51). Species and generic richness was significantly positively correlated with soil pH(H2O), negatively with altitude, soil moisture and Cox. Greater part of nematode species and genera belonged to microbivores and to the taxa with higher cp values of 3 – 5. We can conclude that rich nematode fauna indicated undisturbed forest soil condition, nevertheless, the richness decreased with increasing altitude.
New host report for nematodes in a stranded short-snouted spinner dolphin Stenella clymene (Cetacea: Delphinidae) from the Mexican Caribbean coast
Authors: Aguilar-Aguilar R. , Delgado-Estrella A. , Moreno-Navarrete R.
Published: May 2010

One short-snouted spinner dolphin Stenella clymene individual stranded on the coast of Quintana Roo, Mexico, was examined for stomach and lung nematodes. During necropsy, a large number of nematodes of the species Skrjabinalius guevarai were found in the airways. Additionally, some larval Anisakis sp. were found in the stomach. Both nematode species are reported for the first time from this host. The present is the first helminthological study of the short-snouted spinner dolphin in Mexico and adjacent waters of the Caribbean Sea. S. guevarai is reported for the first time from the western Atlantic Ocean.
Kinematics Analysis: Number of Trials Necessary to Achieve Performance Stability during Soccer Instep Kicking
Authors: Amiri-Khorasani Mohammadtaghi , Osman Noor , Yusof Ashril
Published: May 2010

Kinematics Analysis: Number of Trials Necessary to Achieve Performance Stability during Soccer Instep Kicking

The purpose of this study was to investigate the stability of kinematics responses related to stretch shortening cycle (SSC) during 10 consecutive soccer instep kicks. The kicking motions of dominant legs were captured from five experienced adult male soccer players (body height: 184.60 ± 4.49 cm; body mass: 80 ± 4.24 kg; age: 25.60 ± 1.14 years) using a three-dimensional infra-red high speed camera at 200 Hz. Some important kinematic parameters include eccentric angular velocity (AVe), concentric angular velocity (AVc), duration of eccentric (Te), and duration of concentric (Tc) at forward and impact phases selected to analyses. The AVe result of the sixth kick, relative to the first kick, was significantly lower when compared to the other kicks (with p ≤ 0.001). The AVc result of the fifth kick, relative to the first kick, was significantly lower when compared to the other kicks (with p ≤ 0.001). The Te result of the fourth kick, relative to the first kick, was significantly lower when compared to the other kicks (with p ≤ 0.011). The Tc result of the fifth kick, relative to the first kick, was significantly lower when compared to the other kicks (p ≤ 0.029). We concluded that 5 consecutive kicks are adequate to achieve high kinematic responses related to SSC.
The Effects of a Yoga Intervention on Balance, Speed and Endurance of Walking, Fatigue and Quality of Life in People with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Ahmadi Azra , Nikbakh Masuod , Arastoo Ali , Habibi Abdol-Hamid
Published: May 2010

The Effects of a Yoga Intervention on Balance, Speed and Endurance of Walking, Fatigue and Quality of Life in People with Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system that results in many symptoms including mobility limitation, fatigue and redacted quality of life.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a yoga intervention on balance, speed and endurance of walking, fatigue and quality of life in MS patients.

21women with MS (34.38±5,68) with Expanded Disability Status Scale scores 1.0 to 4.0, have been randomly assigned to a yoga group or control group. Yoga group subjects participated in a thrice weekly 60-70 minute sessions of Hatha yoga intervention for 8-weeks. Balance, speed and endurance of walking, fatigue and quality of life were measured by Berg Balance scores; 10-m time and 2-minute distance walking, Fatigue Severity Scale (FFS) and Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 questionnaire (MSQOL-54) respectively.

Comparison of results of pre and post intervention revealed significant improvement on balance score, walking endurance, FFS and some of MSQOL-54 scale scores in the yoga group (p≤0.05 respectively). There were no clear changes in10-m times (p= 0.132), related to yoga group. No changes were observed for control group.

These results suggest that yoga intervention can be beneficial for patients with MS
Anthropometric, Physiological and Performance Characteristics of Elite and Sub-elite Fencers
Authors: Tsolakis Charilaos , Vagenas George
Published: May 2010

Anthropometric, Physiological and Performance Characteristics of Elite and Sub-elite Fencers

The present study aimed at investigating the differences in selected anthropometric, strength-power parameters and functional characteristics of fencing performance between elite and sub-elite fencers. Thirty-three fencers (18 females and 15 males) from the Greek National Team, (age 19 ± 3.5 yr, body height 175.6 ± 7.6 cm, body mass 66.1 ± 9.1 kg, systematic training 8.4 ± 2.9 yr) were classified as elite and sub-elite, according to their international experience. Subjects underwent a detailed anthropometric assessment and performed selected leg power and fencing-specific tests. Significant differences were observed between the two groups in sitting height, triceps, subscapular, and quadriceps dominant skinfold thickness, absolute and body mass-dependent expressions of leg functional power characteristics of fencing performance: "time of lunge" and time of the "shuttle test". Anthropometric traits, such as height, body mass, percent fat and limb length were not different among elite and sub-elite fencers. Although technical and tactical factors are good indicators of fencing success, the observed differences in functional fencing performance tests among different levels of fencers are useful for the design of effective talent development and training-conditioning programs for competitive fencers.
Predictors of Falls in Women With and Without Osteoporosis
Authors: Beserra Da Silva Raimunda , Costa-Paiva Lúcia , Siani Morais Sirlei , Mezzalira Raquel , Oliveira Ferreira Néville De , Mendes Pinto-Neto Aarão
Published: May 2010

Study Design

Cross-sectional study.

Objectives

To evaluate the relationship between the occurrence of falls and muscle strength, flexibility, and balance in postmenopausal women with and without osteoporosis.

Background

Osteoporosis and falls are common problems encountered in the elderly.

Methods

A total of 133 women with and 133 without osteoporosis, aged 60 years or greater, were included in the study. Women were interviewed about clinical and social demographic characteristics and the occurrence of falls in the previous 12 months. The variables evaluated were presence of osteoporosis, muscle strength, flexibility, and balance.

Results

A significantly higher percentage of women with osteoporosis (51%) compared to those without osteoporosis (29%) had a history of at least 1 fall within the previous 12 months. There was a significant and inverse association between trunk extension strength and trunk flexion range of motion with falls. Logistic regression analyses showed that the variables associated with falls were trunk extension strength and presence of osteoporosis. Greater trunk extension strength was associated with a lower risk for falls (odds ratio, 0.97), while the presence of osteoporosis increased fall risk by a factor of 2.17.

Conclusions

A greater percentage of women with postmenopausal osteoporosis had a history of 1 or more falls within the previous year and a higher risk of recurrent falls than women without osteoporosis. Muscle strength of the lumbar spine and the presence of osteoporosis are intrinsic factors associated with the risk of falls. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(9):582–588. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.3239
DNA Markers and FCSS Analyses Shed Light on the Genetic Diversity and Reproductive Strategy of Jatropha curcas L.
Authors: Ambrosi Daria Gigliola , Galla Giulio , Purelli Marina , Barbi Tommaso , Fabbri Andrea , Lucretti Sergio , Sharbel Timothy Francis , Barcaccia Gianni
Published: May 2010

Jatropha curcas L. (2n = 2x = 22) is becoming a popular non-food oleaginous crop in several developed countries due to its proposed value in the biopharmaceutical industry. Despite the potentials of its oil-rich seeds as a renewable source of biodiesel and an interest in large-scale cultivation, relatively little is known with respect to plant reproduction strategies and population dynamics. Here, genomic DNA markers and FCSS analyses were performed to gain insights into ploidy variation and heterozygosity levels of multiple accessions, and genomic relationships among commercial varieties of Jatropha grown in different geographical areas. The determination of ploidy and the differentiation of either pseudogamous or autonomous apomixis from sexuality were based on the seed DNA contents of embryo and endosperm. The presence of only a high 2C embryo peak and a smaller 3C endosperm peak (ratio 2:3) is consistent with an obligate sexual reproductive system. Because of the lack of either 4C or 5C endosperm DNA estimates, the occurrence of gametophytic apomixis seems unlikely in this species but adventitious embryony cannot be ruled out. The investigation of genetic variation within and between cultivated populations was carried out using dominant RAPD and Inter-SSR markers, and codominant SSR markers. Nei’s genetic diversity, corresponding to the expected heterozygosity, was equal to He = 0.3491 and the fixation index as low as Fst = 0.2042. The main finding is that seeds commercialized worldwide include a few closely related genotypes, which are not representative of the original Mexican gene pool, revealing high degrees of homozygosity for single varieties and very low genetic diversity between varieties.
Temporal and Spatial Expression of Muc1 During Implantation in Sows
Authors: Ren Qian , Guan Shu , Fu Jinluan , Wang Aiguo
Published: May 2010

Recent evidence points to an important role for Muc1 in embryo implantation. In this study, Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to study mRNA and protein levels at, and between, the attachment sites of the endometrium of Day 13, 18 and 24 pregnant sows. The results indicate that Muc1 mRNA expression was higher between attachment sites than at attachment sites during implantation and this effect was significant on Day 13 (P < 0.01) and 24 (P < 0.01). Intense Muc1 immunostaining was observed in luminal epithelium and stroma and the staining between attachment sites was stronger than at attachment sites on Days 13 and 18. Collectively, these results suggest the crucial role of Muc1 in successful implantation and embryo survival.
9-Methyl-3,5-dioxo-4-azatricyclo[5.2.2.02,6]undec-8-ene-1,8-diyl Diacetate
Authors: Bielenica Anna , Kossakowski Jerzy
Published: May 2010

9-Methyl-3,5-dioxo-4-azatricyclo[5.2.2.02,6]undec-8-ene-1,8-diyl diacetatewas synthesized from 2-methylcyclohexane-1,3-dione and 1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione. The title compound was characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, elemental analysis and MS.
Optimization of Alkaline Extraction of Polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum and Their Effect on Immune Function in Mice
Authors: Huang Sheng-Quan , Li Jin-Wei , Wang Zhou , Pan Hua-Xin , Chen Jiang-Xu , Ning Zheng-Xiang
Published: May 2010

Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the conditions for alkaline extraction of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum. The results indicated that the optimum conditions were an extraction temperature of 60.1 ºC, an extraction time of 77.3 min, a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration of 5.1% and a substrate/liquid ratio of 1:21.4. Immunological assays results have shown that the alkaline soluble polysaccharides have no noticeable effects on monocyte phagocytosis and immune organ (spleen, thymus) weight of of immunocompromised mice at the tested dosages. However, they could restore delayed type hypersensitivity reaction to dinitrofluorobenzene (DFNB), hemolysis antibody levels at the three doses applied, and improve the natural killer cell activity at the high-dose and medium dose.
Sonochemically Fabricated Microelectrode Arrays for Use as Sensing Platforms
Authors: Collyer Stuart D. , Davis Frank , Higson Séamus P.J.
Published: May 2010

The development, manufacture, modification and subsequent utilisation of sonochemically-formed microelectrode arrays is described for a range of applications. Initial fabrication of the sensing platform utilises ultrasonic ablation of electrochemically insulating polymers deposited upon conductive carbon substrates, forming an array of up to 70,000 microelectrode pores cm–2. Electrochemical and optical analyses using these arrays, their enhanced signal response and stir-independence area are all discussed. The growth of conducting polymeric “mushroom” protrusion arrays with entrapped biological entities, thereby forming biosensors is detailed. The simplicity and inexpensiveness of this approach, lending itself ideally to mass fabrication coupled with unrivalled sensitivity and stir independence makes commercial viability of this process a reality. Application of microelectrode arrays as functional components within sensors include devices for detection of chlorine, glucose, ethanol and pesticides. Immunosensors based on microelectrode arrays are described within this monograph for antigens associated with prostate cancer and transient ischemic attacks (strokes).
Beyond Abundance: Self-Interest Motives for Sustainable Consumption in Relation to Product Perception and Preferences
Authors: Marchand Anne , Walker Stuart , Cooper Tim
Published: May 2010

This paper presents results of a study that examined the perceptions and preferences of identified “responsible, sustainable consumers” with respect to functional products. The study is part of a larger research program that looks at material cultures and product design in relation to sustainable production and consumption. Based on empirical data gathered from among citizens attempting to follow sustainable lifestyles, the authors reflect on how the adoption of sustainable consumption patterns can not only be motivated by altruistic and environmental considerations, but also, significantly, by perceived personal benefits, including an expected increase in personal well-being. These motivations, together with how they unfold into preferences for particular product characteristics, are discussed. The paper concludes that the understanding of such motives, along with their implications for the ways in which products and services are conceived and positioned, may warrant further research as it can represent a key incentive for change towards a more sustainable future.
Photochirogenesis: Photochemical Models on the Origin of Biomolecular Homochirality
Authors: Meinert Cornelia , Filippi Jean-Jacques , Nahon Laurent , Hoffmann Søren V. , D’Hendecourt Louis , De Marcellus Pierre , Bredehöft Jan Hendrik , Thiemann Wolfram H.-P. , Meierhenrich Uwe J.
Published: May 2010

Current research focuses on a better understanding of the origin of biomolecular asymmetry by the identification and detection of the possibly first chiral molecules that were involved in the appearance and evolution of life on Earth. We have reasons to assume that these molecules were specific chiral amino acids. Chiral amino acids have been identified in both chondritic meteorites and simulated interstellar ices. Present research reasons that circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation was identified in interstellar environments and an asymmetric interstellar photon-molecule interaction might have triggered biomolecular symmetry breaking. We review on the possible prebiotic interaction of ‘chiral photons’ in the form of circularly polarized light, with early chiral organic molecules. We will highlight recent studies on enantioselective photolysis of racemic amino acids by circularly polarized light and experiments on the asymmetric photochemical synthesis of amino acids from only one C and one N containing molecules by simulating interstellar environments. Both approaches are based on circular dichroic transitions of amino acids that will be presented as well.
Une contribution de la psychosociologie à la construction démocratique de la sécurité publique
Authors: Bordet Joëlle
Published: May 2010

Résumé Cet article est écrit en référence à la présentation de l’atelier sur la sécurité mené à Grande-synthe et aux réflexions qu’elle a suscitées lors du colloque du CIRFIP sur la recherche-action. Dans un premier temps, nous décrivons ce processus d’élaboration sur les situations d’insécurité, associant les élus, les professionnels et les habitants ; ce travail collectif vise à mieux comprendre les situations vécues à propos de l’insécurité et à créer les conditions d’une réassurance pour l’ensemble des habitants. L’inscription politique de cet atelier au sein de la municipalité constitue une nécessité pour son développement. Dans un deuxième temps, nous analysons, en fonction de cette expérience, comment la psychosociologie peut aider à ce que l’intervention publique en matière de sécurité soit un élément de construction de la démocratie locale et pourquoi la mise en place d’un espace collectif reliant la pensée, la compréhension et l’action y contribue.
Les deux mains gauches de Freud ou le temps poétique de la psychanalyse
Authors: Giust-Desprairies Florence
Published: May 2010

Résumé Cet article concerne l’art poétique. L’auteur se propose de ressaisir les origines de la pensée freudienne dans ce moment de la rupture qui fonde une science de l’inconscient, en suivant une pensée qui fraye un passage vers une autre scène et renouvelle le rapport intime entre la chose, l’image et le mot. En reprenant le mouvement originaire de la pensée freudienne et ses conséquences sur le dispositif psychanalytique, l’auteur revisite, ensuite, la question des correspondances entre l’expérience analytique et l’expérience poétique. La pratique de la libre association, dans le cadre instauré par l’analyse, amène à ce moment nommé par l’auteur «  ombilic  », instant démuni découvrant un inédit qui confronte à une altérité radicale. Chez le poète, ce mouvement d’irruption s’ouvre en même temps que le texte cherche à s’écrire en une tentative reconduite pour donner figure à l’infiguré.
L'inacceptable en soi
Authors: Giust-Desprairies Florence
Published: May 2010

Résumé Partant de ses recherches sur les significations imaginaires de l’École républicaine qui l’ont amenée à poser le malaise dans l’Institution scolaire comme paradigme du malaise contemporain concernant la question de l’altérité, l’auteur poursuit la réflexion sur les avatars du lien social en questionnant les conséquences mortifères d’une représentation de la relation à l’autre conçu comme un en soi . À partir d’une situation concrète d’intervention auprès d’un groupe d’enseignants en difficulté dans une classe, est exploré comment cette représentation, si elle permet de neutraliser les mouvements conflictuels et contradictoires ressentis à l’intérieur de soi, engage les enseignants dans une relation déshumanisante, coupés de l’autre qu’ils prétendaient comprendre.
La domestication biotechnologique de l'humain
Authors: Robert-Demontrond Philippe , Despois Jean-Luc
Published: May 2010

Résumé L’orée d’une économie de l’information signifie celle d’une nouvelle « ère héroïque » pour les salariés. Nouvelle en ce que, régulièrement, l’expression est reprise dans les écrits, scientifiques ou non, qui visent à déterminer, de période en période, l’esprit des temps industriels – s’agissant alors d’énoncer l’idée qu’il est décidément trop d’exigences pesant sur l’humain, définitivement trop humain. Ce en quoi, finalement, la modernité paraît inhumaine. Ce qui pose problème ; problème face auquel deux grands types de solutions sont envisageables, dans leurs formes extrêmes : l’une consistant à œuvrer à l’adaptation des conditions de travail aux possibilités de l’humain, et l’on a là l’essence de la démarche ergonomique, plaçant l’homme au cœur du système économique et œuvrant à l’aménagement de son environnement ; l’autre consistant au contraire à s’inquiéter des insuffisances de l’humain pour le transformer, et l’on a là l’essence de la démarche bio-ingénierique, déplaçant l’homme à la périphérie du système économique. Cette approche, à statut paradigmatique, n’est pas marginale. Ces contours essentiels sont ici tracés, afin d’explorer les principaux enjeux posés.
L'Espérance messianique : une approche psychanalytique
Authors: Chemouni Jacquy
Published: May 2010

Résumé L’étude du messianisme exige une approche pluridisciplinaire qui allie histoire, sociologie et psychologie. L’objectif de cet article tente de contribuer à la compréhension du messianisme par une approche psychanalytique qui met l’accent sur la dimension régressive du phénomène et de montrer que les registres psychiques (idéal du Moi et Moi idéal) sur lesquels il se fonde sont universels. La question de l’espérance comme donnée a priori et sur ses rapports avec le temps et la mort nous a semblé essentielle. Nous terminons en suggérant l’hypothèse de l’existence d’un inconscient originel .
Image et pensée métaphorique dans l'approche clinique
Authors: Giust-Desprairies Florence
Published: May 2010

Résumé La clinique, qui fonde son intervention sur l’analyse du langage et sur le sens, offre un espace d’écoute et de présence pour une parole plus associative qu’explicative. Parole qui permette de s’avancer en plusieurs sens et de dissocier des liaisons établies pour en faire apparaître d’autres, méconnues. Elle engage l’exploration de ces arrangements redéployés dans une intersubjectivité qui crée les conditions d’une dynamique de décentrement. Sa visée étant de réinstaurer le jeu, le glissement de représentations différenciées et fluides, condition de l’élaboration psychique. Cependant, si la pensée métaphorique, comme processus, constitue un mode d’accès pour le sujet à ce qui fait vérité pour lui par la remise en circulation de ce qui s’était bloqué ou emballé, elle est à différencier d’une pensée de l’image qui se pose comme parole de vérité par imposition de figurabilité.
Les défis de la desinstitutionalisation en psychiatrie : l'exemple d'un secteur
Authors: Friche Passos Izabel
Published: May 2010

Résumé Cet article présente une étude de cas sur une expérience française de secteur psychiatrique très représentative d’une véritable déconstruction de l’institution asilaire traditionnelle. Il s’agit du Secteur 59G21 de la banlieue de Lille. L’expérience de ce secteur a été prise comme contre-exemple du panorama plus général de la psychiatrie publique française d’aujourd’hui, laquelle a été étudiée comme travail de thèse de doctorat, présentée à l’Université Catholique de São Paulo, au Brésil. Dans ce texte l’auteur discute des dimensions problématiques de processus de désinstitutionalisation en psychiatrie qui ont lieu dans le monde occidental contemporain.
Travailler dans un dispositif de recherche d'emploi
Authors: Pautrat Isabelle
Published: May 2010

Résumé Cet article souhaite présenter un travail possible dans des dispositifs de lutte contre l’exclusion, plus particulièrement dans le champ du travail et de l’insertion professionnelle. Il cherche à pointer les limites et les difficultés de positionnement rencontrées par les professionnels. Quels sont les risques de la contractualisation des parcours d’insertion lorsque l’emploi manque ? Quelle aide malgré tout apporter aux publics en grande précarité ?
À la recherche des droits de l'homme dans l'enseignement obligatoire
Authors: Audigier François
Published: May 2010

Résumé Sans que les droits de l’homme (EDH) soient ignorés, l’éducation à la citoyenneté (EC) tient aujourd’hui une place éminente dans les discours et les préoccupations des acteurs de la vie publique et scolaire. Si ces deux intentions éducatives, droits de l’homme et citoyenneté, ont de nombreux points de rencontre et de recouvrement, elles ne sont pas identiques. Entre universalisme et priorité donnée à la communauté d’appartenance, les différences sont des hésitations conceptuelles et politiques aussi bien que des hésitations pratiques et didactiques. Un bref retour sur l’histoire de l’école en France montre la priorité donnée à l’EC et la place relativement effacée qu’occupent les droits de l’homme. Élargissant notre investigation, nous cherchons ces derniers dans les curriculums de plusieurs Etats européens avant de présenter quelques résultats d’une enquête menée auprès d’enseignants de l’école primaire en France. Ces explorations nous amènent à constater une présence discrète des droits de l’homme, discrétion propre à susciter quelques inquiétudes.
Santé malmenée, usure prématurée
Authors: Roche Pierre
Published: May 2010

Résumé Cet article prend appui sur une recherche qui avait pour objectif une meilleure connaissance des « processus d’insertion » des jeunes dits de « bas niveau scolaire ». Il tente d’énoncer l’actuel de ce que Alain Cottereau nomme stratégies de résistance à l’usure prématurée. Certes, contournement et retrait à temps des situations de travail les plus usantes ou dangereuses émaillent le déroulement des récits de vie. Mais de nombreux jeunes sont de moins en moins en situation de se retirer d’un poste de travail alors même qu’ils se sentent toujours plus usés ou en danger. La résistance devient plus improbable alors qu’elle devient plus nécessaire. Ils courent le risque d’être précocement usés et engagés sur la voie de l’exclusion. Cet article, in fine, souligne la nécessité de ne pas inscrire trop rapidement tout acte de résistance dans une stratégie et tente de tirer quelques enseignements pour la démarche de l’accompagnement.