bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of continuous physical activity monitoring: first-month recovery markers following joint replacement surgery
Authors: Ghaffari Arash , Kappel Andreas , Jakobsen Thomas , Kold Søren , Rahbek Ole
Published: November 2024

Background

The role of physical activity (PA) monitoring during the recovery after orthopaedic surgeries is unclear. This study aimed to explore early changes in the pattern and level of PA following orthopedic surgeries.

Methods

This observational feasibility study included 11 hip replacement patients (four females) with a mean age of 66 years and five knee replacement patients (four females) with a mean age of 65 years. A PA tracker was used to collect the patients’ daily PA data, including duration of various activity categories, steps taken, and activity intensity count. The PA tracker recorded data from two weeks prior to surgery until four weeks after the surgery. Ratios of PA parameters for each of the first four weeks following surgery were calculated in relation to preoperative measurements.

Results

Compared to preoperative measurements, during the first four weeks after the surgery, the time spent in a recumbent position decreased from 112% to 106%, while continuous walking time and activity intensity count increased from 27% to 77% and from 35% to 73%, respectively. Step counts increased from 18% to 67%, and sit-to-stands rose from 65% to 93%. No significant changes were found in sitting, standing, sporadic walk time, and sporadic steps.

Conclusion

Continuously measuring PA using wearable sensors was feasible in orthopedic patients during the perioperative period. Continuous step count, walking time, activity intensity count showed noticeable changes and stable patterns demonstrating their potential for remote monitoring of patients during the early postoperative period.
The associations between well-being and Cloninger’s personality dimensions in a Korean community sample
Authors: Lee Soo Jin , Cloninger C. Robert , Chae Han
Published: November 2024

Background

Well-being is a multidimensional construct comprising affective and non-affective components. Previous research has consistently linked personality traits to well-being, yet cultural variations in this association remain underexplored, particularly in collectivistic cultures such as Korea. Therefore, this study aims to identify universal and culture-specific characteristics of personality in relation to well-being.

Methods

A sample of 527 Korean university students participated, providing data through the Korean version of the Temperament and Character Inventory-RS (TCI-RS), self-rated health (SRH), social support (SS), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), and positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS). Pearson correlation analysis and ANCOVA, with sex and age as covariates, were employed to examine linear associations. Multidimensional personality profiles were utilized to investigate non-linear associations among character dimensions on different aspects of well-being. All analysis was performed using jamovi 2.3.12.

Results

Self-directedness and cooperativeness exhibited positive linear associations with both affective (positive and negative affect) and non-affective (SRH, SS, SWLS) components of well-being. Self-directedness emerged as a key predictor across various well-being aspects. Cooperativeness was strongly associated with perception of social support. Self-transcendence showed positive associations with both positive and negative affect, considering interactions with other character dimensions.

Discussion

While self-directedness played a pivotal role universally, the impact of cooperativeness and self-transcendence appeared to be influenced by cultural factors, enhancing perception of social support and affecting both positive and negative affect in a collectivistic culture. This study illustrates the importance of considering cultural nuances in the relationship between personality and well-being. Future research should delve deeper into cultural differences, emphasizing the need for subtle interpretations of specific personality traits within diverse cultural contexts.
A importância da prevenção e combate à violência escolar para a construção de uma cultura de paz
Authors: Santos José Leonardo Diniz de Melo , Sousa Ana Paula Sérvio , Silva Thuanny Mikaella Conceição , Frota Mirna Albuquerque , Marques Daniela Ferreira , Rodrigues Márcio Henrique Simião , Boíba Vânia da Silva , Silva Daniel de Sousa e , Fernandes Thaís Domingues , Silva Mário Luiz Amorim da , Silva Marília Palheta da , Silva Carla Michelle da
Published: November 2024

Este artigo discute a violência nas escolas e a importância de implementar uma cultura de paz para mitigar esse problema. A violência escolar é um fenômeno complexo, influenciado por fatores sociais, econômicos e familiares, como a marginalização e a falta de suporte emocional, impactando diretamente o desempenho acadêmico e o bem-estar de alunos e professores. A pesquisa utiliza uma abordagem qualitativa, com base em revisão bibliográfica, para analisar práticas pedagógicas que promovam a cultura de paz no ambiente escolar. A metodologia permitiu organizar teorias já existentes sobre violência escolar e práticas de mediação de conflitos, identificando lacunas e propondo novas estratégias. A violência escolar é compreendida a partir de uma perspectiva ampla, considerando tanto fatores internos (relações interpessoais) quanto externos (contexto socioeconômico). A implementação da cultura de paz é apresentada como uma ferramenta pedagógica eficaz, promovendo a mediação de conflitos e o respeito mútuo. Além disso, destaca-se a importância do envolvimento de toda a comunidade escolar, incluindo gestores, professores e pais, para criar um ambiente seguro e inclusivo. O estudo conclui que a promoção da cultura de paz nas escolas é essencial para prevenir a violência e melhorar a convivência no ambiente escolar. A adoção de práticas pedagógicas, como a mediação de conflitos, associada ao envolvimento comunitário, pode transformar a escola em um espaço de convivência pacífica e aprendizado eficaz. A pesquisa destaca a importância de políticas públicas e parcerias interinstitucionais para consolidar essas iniciativas.
Relationship between Profile and Knowledge Level of Farmers about Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana Scheme in Cuddalore District of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Bevin.R  , Kalidasan.T  , S Rajaguru.
Published: November 2024

Agriculture has always been a risky profession. Unlike the industrial sector it is subjected to the vagaries of the nature. It is facing so many difficulties such as drought, floods, cyclones, pest, diseases etc. The present need is protecting the famers from financial losses arising due to natural calamities. The government gives protection to farmers in the way of crop insurance scheme. The recently launched crop insurance scheme is the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana, which is a kind of a “One Nation-One scheme” launched in the year 2016. Crop insurance is an important risk management tool used by farmers for stabilizing farm income against crop failure due to different types of natural calamities which reduce the production. Keeping in mind the importance of crop insurance scheme, the present study was undertaken to study on relationship between profile characteristics and knowledge level of farmers about Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana scheme in Cuddalore district. The study revealed that about 40.84 per cent of the respondents had medium level of knowledge regarding PMFBY scheme. The variables educational status and farming experience were found to be significant at 1 per cent level of probability.
Global Perspectives on Women’s Empowerment: Challenges, Policies, and Case Studies
Authors: Poonam  , Santosh  , Ayushi  , Gill Preet , Swati
Published: November 2024

Enhancing women's social, economic, political, and legal authority to guarantee equal rights and opportunities in all areas of life is the goal of the multifaceted notion of women empowerment. This overview examines the global history, present state, and potential futures of women's empowerment. It explores the historical background, tracking the movement's origins and emphasising significant turning points in the path to gender equality. The review highlights important obstacles that impede the advancement of women's empowerment, including cultural norms, economic impediments, and political resistance, by examining worldwide trends and regional variances. It also covers how international institutions and policies—like the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations—affect the advancement of gender equality. Additionally, case studies of effective empowerment programmes are included in the study to show how focused interventions can result in profound transformation. This analysis concludes by highlighting the significance of a comprehensive and inclusive strategy for women's empowerment and by promoting ongoing efforts at the individual, group, and institutional levels to build a more just and equitable society for all.
Culturing of Duckweed (Lemna minor) under Different Chicken Manure Concentration in the Lab
Authors: Ed-Idoko J. O. , Apochi J. O. , Onah M. O. , Ibrahim U. O.
Published: November 2024

The research on the Culturing of Duckweed (Lemna minor) plants under different chicken manure concentrations in the laboratory was conducted to determine relative growth rate of duckweed and to determine the physicochemical parameters of the experimental water. The experimental design was based on an assumption that duckweed spores are contained in the bottom of flood plain stagnant pools. The sprouting of duckweed (Lemna minor) was monitored under media chicken manure concentrations of 5g per 10 litre for treatment one. Treatment two was 7.5g per 10 litre of water. Treatment three, 10g per 10 litre of water, treatment four, 12.5g per 10lit of water, and for treatment five 15g per 10 litre of water was used. 75 litre plastic bowls were used for this experiment. Each bowl were inoculated with 100 pods of duckweed. Water quality in tanks treated with chicken manure and inoculated with duckweed shows that there was no significant difference in water quality across the treatments (p>0.05). However, the pH varied over the weeks of experimentation with increase in pH being observed from an initial value of 7.92 to a final value of 10.25 in week 4. There was a high percentage increase of 45% in DO for T2 while all other treatments recorded declines in DO. Each treatment was replicated, giving a total of 12 experimental containers including the control treatment. To every plastic container 100g of wet soil that was collected was introduced along with 10 liters of domestic water supply. The various chicken manure levels were weighed and randomly assigned to the experimental containers in replicate.  Under favorable climatic conditions and nutrient balance in growth media, Lemna minor can double its biomass within seven days. The plot of numerical abundance of duckweed stems in the culture media revealed that duckweed mean levels in T2 (M=213.8000) was more than other treatments with significant difference at P<0.05. T5 (M= 83.6000) was least, and Control (M= 95.0000), during the experiment.
Secondary and Multi-micronutrient (S, B & Zn) Doses on Yield and Residual Effect on Rice-groundnut Cropping System in Alfisols of Odisha, India
Authors: Sarangi Dillip Ranjan , Jena Dinabandhu , Mohanty Punyasloka
Published: November 2024

Orissa is the fourth largest state in India covering an area of 15.57 m ha out of which the net sown area is 6.13 m ha. Out of 8 broad soil groups found in the state, red and laterite groups of soil occupy more than 75% of total cultivable area. Low productivity of crops in red and laterite soils are associated with deficiency of Ca, Mg, S, B and Mo (Mitra and Sahu, 1988). The DTPA extractable Zn also indicates that red and laterite soils of Orissa is deficient in available Zn and respondent to Zn application to rice crop (Anonymous, 2002; Mandal et al., 2009). Next to Zn, the deficiency of B is wide spread in many districts of the state as well as contrary (Sharma et al., 2006). Rice-Groundnut is the most prevailing cropping pattern in red and Lateritic soils of Orissa. In spite of recommended dose of NPK fertilizer, the farmers get low yield. A field experiments were carried out with rice-groundnut cropping systems in two successive cropping seasons each, to study the effect of S, B and Zn on grain yield, nutrient uptake and their accumulation. The experimental design included ten treatments, T1: control, T2 : S  40 kg/ha, T3 : B  1 kg/ha, T4 : Zn  5 kg/ha, T5 : FYM  5 t/ha, T6 : S+B, T7 : S+Zn, T8 : B+Zn, T9 : S+B+Zn and T10 : S+B+Zn+FYM replicated thrice in randomized block design. Integrated use of S + B + Zn with FYM was the ideal combination for rice-groundnut cropping system as it was more sustainable, recorded the highest yield and SYI value along with higher accumulation and uptake of nutrients. The results revealed that red and lateritic soils are poor in S and B need integrated use of S, B and Zn along with recommended dose of NPK for getting synergistic and best effect in rice-groundnut cropping system.
Nanotechnology-enhanced Phytonutraceuticals: Innovations in Characterization, Formulation, and Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Gulzar Arifa , Rather Mahreena Farooq , Bismat-un-Nisa  , Mushtaq Humaira , Ashraf Rumaisa , Rashid Angelina , Parveen Maqsooda , Mansoor Gazala , Gulaam Suriya , Bano Saira
Published: November 2024

Nanotechnology refers to the branch of science and engineering devoted to designing, producing, and using structures, devices, and systems by manipulating atoms and molecules at nano-scale, having one or more dimensions of the order of 100 nanometres (100 millionth of a millimetre) or less. Nanotechnology is the exploitation of the unique properties of materials at the nanoscale. Nanotechnology has gained popularity in several industries, as it offers better built and smarter products. The ability to manipulate structures at the atomic scale allows for the creation of nanomaterials. Nanomaterials have unique optical, electrical and/or magnetic properties at the nanoscale, and these can be used in the fields of electronics and medicine, amongst other scenarios. Nanomaterials are unique as they provide a large surface area to volume ratio. Unlike other large-scaled engineered objects and systems, nanomaterials are governed by the laws of quantum mechanics instead of the classical laws of physics and chemistry. Nanotechnology is the engineering of useful objects and functional systems at the molecular or atomic scale. Nano-formulations are widely used for phyto-nutraceuticals and drug delivery systems. These substances are generally having low solubility, leading to their poor absorption and bioavailability in the human body. In this regard, one of the most important applications of nanotechnology in food sector has been the formulation of novel neutraceutical compounds with improved properties viz., enhanced solubility, stability, bioavailability and efficacy. This is achieved by encapsulation of neutraceutical by nanoparticles, which modifies their pharmacokinetics (PK) and biodistribution (BD). Nano-formulations widely used for the purpose are nanoliposomes, nanoemulsions, nanoparticles, nanofibres. The particles are characterized by scanning probe microscope (SPM), Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis spectrophotometer, SEM, TEM, Dynamic light scattering (DLS).
Estimation of Marketed Surplus and Marketing Efficiency of Milk in Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: N Naresha , Dixit Anil K.
Published: November 2024

A study was conducted to analyze milk's marketed surplus and marketing efficiency in the Vishakhapatnam and Chittoor districts of Andhra Pradesh. The study randomly selected 80 dairy farmers from four villages in Chittoor and Vishakhapatnam districts. According to the study, average milk production and marketable surplus increase as herd size increases.  The average marketed surplus is highest for the large size category (58.75 lit/day) followed by Medium (45.40 lit/day) and small size category (19.01 lit/day). Because of the lowest price spread and highest producer share in consumers' rupee, the most efficient marketing channel was producer-consumer (Channel-I), followed by producer-creameries-consumer (Channel-II). The study suggests that producers' choice of supply network influences their profitability.
Agricultural Water Conservation Methods: Application, Difficulties, and Innovation
Authors: Panotra Narinder , Sharma Rohit , Sharma Vishal , Kumar Anil , Rahman Tanvi , Kadam Ganjanan Laxmanrao , Kambale J. B. , Singh Bhim
Published: November 2024

The largest growth in water usage among water-using industries has been in agriculture due to the growing need for agricultural goods to feed the world's expanding population. Presently, agricultural water conservation encompasses a range of technologies that are mostly grounded in human understanding, but also include a number of complex strategies that significantly rely on cutting-edge mechanical and electrical techniques. Modern agronomic practices like precision agriculture may conserve water. Precision agriculture is a modern agronomic strategy that may preserve water.Modern agricultural investments, land transfers, and urbanisation have left these irregular and traditionally built villages with an ambiguous and ever-changing land use pattern. This may hinder water-saving adoption. In addition to taking into account the growth of the agricultural sector, the agricultural water management policy prioritises the long-term ecological economy and the sustainability of the water resource supply network. Water needs are predicted to rise significantly by the end of the twenty-first century, particularly for irrigation. Reducing the amount of water used in agriculture is crucial. With temperatures rising and droughts occurring more frequently in many nations, water is a vital component of agricultural output. Certain technology-based practices coupled with efficient farmers and humans management of water resources will be the key features for improving water conservation.
Enhancing Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) Productivity through Good Agricultural Practices in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: P.Ayyadurai  , M.Kathiravan  , P.Senthilkumar  , K.Sasikumar  , P.Thukkaiyannan  , K.Govindan  , M.Senthilkumar  , M.Paramasivan  , M.Deivamani
Published: November 2024

Large scale pulse seed production demonstrations on black gram under the TN IAMP scheme conducted by Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Vazhavachanur, Tiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu, India in 2 cluster villages at 50 farmer’s holdings during 2019-2020 and 2020-2021, respectively. The result and data analysis show an extension gap of 0.09 q/ha over farmers' traditional practices. The results revealed that TNIAMP intervention demonstrated registered higher growth and yield parameters viz., no. of clusters per plant, no. of pods per plant, grain yield and benefit-cost ratio compared to farmer’s practice grain yield and benefit cost ratio. TNIAMP pulse seed production intervention has had a good impact on pulse growing farmers of the Aliyar sub-basin, as they were motivated by good agricultural practices in the TNIAMP intervention plots and yielded an increase of 15.8 % higher than farmer’s practices.
Characterization of Fruit, Seed Traits and Seedling Growth Performance of Different Seed Sources of Calophyllum inophyllum
Authors: H N Karthik , Rathod Chetan Bhanu , Rathod Aravind B
Published: November 2024

Calophyllum inophyllum is an oil-bearing tree species with seeds containing 50-70 per cent oil, mainly used for non-edible purposes. Belonging to the Clusiaceae family, it is commonly known as Undi in Kannada. This littoral tropical tree grows above the high-tide mark along coastlines and is frequently found on sandy beaches. Its prominence has increased due to high demand as biofuel and commercialization. The study aimed to examine the fruit and seed traits from various sources and the impact of seed source variation on germination and seedling growth of Calophyllum inophyllum. Experiments were conducted at the College of Forestry, Sirsi, with fruits collected from seven different regions from coastal taluks of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka. Data on fruit, seed, and plant parameters were recorded. Results revealed that there was no such statistically significant difference was observed in fruit parameters, seed parameters, seedling parameters and germination percentage of Callophyllum inophyllum among the selected seed sources inferring no greater variations. However, the seeds from the Ramangindi (48.66%, 17% higher than the next best region, Ankola) region in Kumta taluk performed better in germination of seeds, fruit and seed traits, as well as growth compared to other sources.
“Wax‐Sealed” Theranostic Nanoplatform for Enhanced Afterglow Imaging–Guided Photothermally Triggered Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Liu Gongyuan , Zhang Shichao , Shi Yunhao , Huang Xiaoyu , Tang Yunyun , Chen Peng , Si Weili , Huang Wei , Dong Xiaochen
Published: September 2018

Herein, persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) and photosensitizer are integrated for cancer theranostics with high specificity and without the need of continuous illumination. Specifically, ZnGa1.996O4:Cr0.004 (PLNPs) and IR780 (photosensitizer) are encapsulated by a temperature‐responsive “wax‐seal” composed of oleic acid and hexadecanol. The seal prevents luminescence quenching and premature initiation of photodynamic therapy (PDT), until it is melted down by heat stimulus. After photothermal activation, the near‐infrared afterglow offered by PLNPs provides imaging with high signal‐to‐background ratio because of the absence of tissue autofluorescence, as well as continuously excited photosensitizer for reactive oxygen species generation. Such theranostic nanoplatform offers multimodal imaging–guided localized cancer PDT.
Multistate and On‐Demand Smart Windows
Authors: Kim Hye‐Na , Ge Dengteng , Lee Elaine , Yang Shu
Published: September 2018

Composite films consisting of wrinkles on top of the elastomeric poly(dimethylsiloxane) film and a thin layer of silica particles embedded at the bottom is prepared as on‐demand mechanoresponsive smart windows. By carefully varying the wrinkle geometry, silica particle size, and stretching strain, different initial optical states and a large degree of optical transmittance change in the visible to near infrared range with a relatively small strain (as small as 10%) is achieved. The 10% pre‐strain sample has shallow wrinkles with a low amplitude and shows moderate transmittance (60.5%) initially and the highest transmittance of 86.4% at 550 nm when stretched at the pre‐strain level. Stretching beyond the pre‐strain level leads to a drastic decrease of the transmittance at 550 nm, 39.7% and 70.8% with an additional 10% and 30% strain, respectively. The large drop of optical transmittance is the result of combined effects from the formation of secondary wrinkles and nanovoids generated around the particles. The 20% pre‐strain sample has wrinkles with a moderate amplitude, showing 36.9% transmittance in the initial state, and the highest transmittance of 71.5% at 550 nm when stretched to the pre‐strain level. Further stretching leads to increased opacity similar to that seen from the 10% pre‐strain sample.
Invisible Thin‐Film Patterns with Strong Infrared Emission as an Optical Security Feature
Authors: Bakan Gokhan , Ayas Sencer , Serhatlioglu Murat , Elbuken Caglar , Dana Aykutlu
Published: September 2018

Spectrally selective thermal emission is in high demand for thermophotovoltaics, radiative cooling, and infrared sensing applications. Spectral control of the emissivity is historically achieved by choosing the material with suitable infrared properties. The recent advancements in nanofabrication techniques that lead to enhanced light–matter interactions enable optical properties like infrared emissivity that are not naturally available. In this study, thermal emitters based on nanometer‐thick dielectrics on field‐enhancement surfaces as optical security features are proposed. Such a function is achieved by generating patterns by ultrathin dielectrics that are transparent in the visible and exhibit strong infrared absorption in the spectral range of thermal cameras. The invisible patterns are then revealed by thermal imaging. The field‐enhancement surfaces enhance the emissivity of the patterns, in turn reduce the minimum temperature to detect the thermal emission down to ≈30 °C from >150 °C to exploit ubiquitous heat sources like the human body. The study provides a framework for the use of thermal emitters as optical security features and demonstrates applications on rigid and flexible substrates.
Engineering Ionophore Gramicidin‐Inspired Self‐Assembled Peptides for Drug Delivery and Cancer Nanotherapeutics
Authors: Chakraborty Kasturee , Dutta Chiranjit , Mukherjee Sanchita , Biswas Abhijit , Gayen Paramita , George Gijo , Raghothama Srinivasarao , Ghosh Snehasish , Dey Souvik , Bhattacharyya Dhananjay , Sinha Roy Rituparna
Published: September 2018

Nature‐inspired self‐assembled peptide‐based nanoscale materials are of great interest for biomedical applications. Here, ionophore gramicidin‐inspired designed nanoscale materials for drug delivery and cancer nanotherapeutics are reported. The length dependent formation of diverse nanoarchitectures by experimental and computational studies from gramicidin‐inspired sequences is explored and their therapeutic potential is evaluated. Mechanistic studies revealed that gramicidin A (gA) and gramicidin‐inspired octapeptide (LD8) induce cytotoxic effects, mitochondrial depolarization, and apoptotic cell death against metastatic breast cancer cell line MDA‐MB‐231. Doxorubicin loaded LD8 peptide (LD8‐Dox‐NP) and doxorubicin loaded gramicidin (gA‐Dox‐NP) show cytotoxicity determined by MTT assay and apoptosis as evidenced by DNA fragmentation study and Western blot analysis of poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) expression and cleavage. gA‐Dox‐NP and LD8‐Dox‐NP treated MDA‐MB‐231 cells show upregulation of tumor suppressor protein p53, which can inhibit cell proliferation. Interestingly, cell cycle analysis suggests that gA‐Dox‐NP and LD8‐Dox‐NP induce S and G2 phase cell cycle arrest, respectively. These data establish gA and LD8 peptide as new potential anticancer therapeutics against metastatic breast cancer and suggest that gA‐Dox‐NP and LD8‐Dox‐NP can be potentially used as two‐in‐one nanomedicine for treating breast cancer.
Rigorous Characterization and Predictive Modeling of Hole Transport in Amorphous Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Kotadiya Naresh B. , Mondal Anirban , Xiong Shiyun , Blom Paul W. M. , Andrienko Denis , Wetzelaer Gert‐Jan A. H.
Published: September 2018

Amorphous small‐molecule hole‐transporting materials are commonly used in organic light‐emitting diodes and perovskite solar cells. Characterization of their main functionality, hole transport, has been complicated by the presence of large contact barriers. Using a recently developed technique to establish Ohmic hole contacts, the bulk hole transport in a series of molecules with a broad range of ionization energies is investigated. The measured charge‐carrier mobility dependence on charge concentration, electric field, and temperature is used to extract the energetic disorder and molecular site spacing. Excellent agreement of these parameters as well as ionization energies with multiscale simulations paves the way to predictive charge‐transport simulations from the molecular level.
Borane‐Induced Dimerization of Arylallenes
Authors: Tao Xin , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Dittrich Dustin , Kehr Gerald , Erker Gerhard
Published: September 2018

A series of arylallenes react with HB(C6F5)2 in a 2:1 molar ratio to give the tail‐to‐tail 1,6‐diaryl‐2‐boryl‐hexa‐1,5‐diene coupling products. The reaction of the phenylallene substrate with HB(C6F5)2 was shown to initially give the 2‐boryl‐3,4‐diphenyl‐1,5‐hexadiene head‐to‐head coupling product which then rearranged, by a thermally induced Cope rearrangement, into the final product.
Ein Ferrocen‐basierter dikationischer FeIV‐Carbonylkomplex
Authors: Malischewski Moritz , Seppelt Konrad , Sutter Jörg , Munz Dominik , Meyer Karsten
Published: September 2018

Der formale FeIV‐16‐Valenzelektronen‐Komplex [Cp*2Fe]2+ reagiert quantitativ mit CO in wasserfreiem HF zum stabilen, diamagnetischen Carbonylkomplex [Cp*2Fe(CO)]2+. Das Dikation bildet stabile Salze mit AsF6− und SbF6−, von denen erstere kristallographisch charakterisiert werden konnten. Die Molekülstruktur des Dikations in [Cp*2Fe(CO)](AsF6)2 weist einen äquatorial am Eisen gebundenen η1‐CO‐Liganden auf. Die Cp*‐Ringe stehen nicht parallel zueinander, sondern leicht schräg. Die Oxidationsstufe +IV wurde mittels 57Fe‐Mößbauer‐Spektroskopie und DFT‐Rechnungen nachgewiesen. Außerdem werden weitere spektroskopische Daten dieser neuartigen hochvalenten Eisencarbonylverbindung diskutiert.
Polyoxometalate‐Ionic Liquids (POM‐ILs) as Anticorrosion and Antibacterial Coatings for Natural Stones
Authors: Misra Archismita , Franco Castillo Isabel , Müller Daniel P. , González Carolina , Eyssautier‐Chuine Stéphanie , Ziegler Andreas , de la Fuente Jesús M. , Mitchell Scott G. , Streb Carsten
Published: September 2018

Corrosion of stone by acid rain and deterioration from biofilms are global problems for industrial and residential buildings as well as cultural heritage, such as statues or historic buildings. Herein we show how typical building stones can be protected from corrosion (“weathering”) and biofilm formation (“biodeterioration”) by application of thin films of polyoxometalate‐based ionic liquids (POM‐ILs). Stone samples are coated with hydrophobic, acid resistant POM‐ILs featuring biocidal properties. Exposure of the samples to simulated acid rain showed negligible corrosion compared to the significant deterioration of unprotected samples; in addition the biocidal properties of the POM‐ILs suppress the formation of biofilms on coated stone slabs. A new class of modular molecular materials for protecting stones can now be developed for use in construction, environmental protection, and cultural heritage preservation.
How the Hippocampus Represents Memories: Making Sense of Memory Allocation Studies
Authors: França Thiago F.A. , Monserrat José M.
Published: September 2018

In recent years there has been a wealth of studies investigating how memories are allocated in the hippocampus. Some of those studies showed that it is possible to manipulate the identity of neurons recruited to represent a given memory without affecting the memory's behavioral expression. Those findings raised questions about how the hippocampus represents memories, with some researchers arguing that hippocampal neurons do not represent fixed stimuli. Herein, an alternative hypothesis is argued. Neurons in high‐order brain regions can be tuned to multiple dimensions, forming complex, abstract representations. It is argued that such complex receptive fields allow those neurons to show some flexibility in their responses while still representing relatively fixed sets of stimuli. Moreover, it is pointed out that changes induced by artificial manipulation of cell assemblies are not completely redundant—the observed behavioral redundancy does not imply cognitive redundancy, as different, but similar, memories may induce the same behavior.
A sequential trial effect based on the motor interference effect from dangerous objects: An ERP study
Authors: Liu Peng , Wang Xiaoyi , Cao Gai , Li Jia , Zhang Jing , Cao Rong
Published: September 2018

Introduction

This study aims to investigate whether processing a prepared response toward a dangerous object in a previous trial influences subsequent trial processing.

Methods

The design manipulated the Go/NoGo factor of the current trial, the target dangerousness of the previous trial and that of the current trial.

Results

In current Go trials, the behavioral results revealed a classical motor interference effect in trials that were preceded by a safe trial (a longer reaction time (RT) and a larger error rate for the previous safe and current dangerous (sD) condition than for the previous safe and current safe (sS) condition). However, the motor interference effect diminished in trials that were preceded by a dangerous trial (insignificant differences in the mean RTs and error rates between the previous dangerous and current dangerous (dD) condition and the previous dangerous and current safe (dS) condition). The event‐related potential (ERP) results identified more positive P2 and parietal P3 amplitudes (indicating attentional resource allocation) for the dD condition than for the dS condition. However, the P2 and parietal P3 amplitudes of the sD condition did not significantly differ from those of the sS condition.

Discussions

These results support the hypothesis that the avoidance motivation elicited by a dangerous target in a previous trial may indicate a dangerous situation, which leads to recruitment of more attentional resources allocated to the subsequent dangerous trial. Therefore, RTs are improved and errors are reduced in the consecutive dangerous condition, subsequently decreasing the motor interference effect in trials preceded by a dangerous trial compared with trials preceded by a safe trial. However, analysis of current NoGo trials revealed that none of the main effects or interactions reached significance in both the behavioral and ERP results, indicating that the hypothesis holds true only if the prepared response needs to be executed.
Linking green customer and supplier integration with green innovation performance: The role of internal integration
Authors: Du Longzheng , Zhang Zhenglin , Feng Taiwen
Published: September 2018

Although green customer and supplier integration have gained much attention, how it affects green innovation performance is still unclear. This study examines the direct and interaction effects of green customer and supplier integration on green innovation performance and the moderating effect of internal integration, using data from 176 Chinese manufacturing firms. The results reveal that green customer integration, green supplier integration, and their interaction are all positively related to green innovation performance. In addition, internal integration moderates the relationship between green customer integration and green innovation performance, but does not moderate the relationship between green supplier integration and green innovation performance. Further analysis indicate that the effects of interaction term on green innovation performance and the moderating effects of internal integration on the relationship between green supplier integration and green innovation performance are significantly different across different firm sizes, providing useful insights for firms. This study provides novel insights for making environmental policies.
Environmental innovation inertia: Analyzing the business circumstances for environmental process and product innovations
Authors: Choi Hyundo , Yi Donggyu
Published: September 2018

We categorize the environmental innovations used in the environmental management and innovation management literature into two types: environmental process and product innovations. By using objective measurements of internal and external business circumstances from a large‐scale survey of manufacturing firms in Korea, we investigate whether firms delay adoption of specific environmental innovations and if so how to overcome the passive nature of environmental innovation activities. The main findings are as follows. Both low operational performance and high export intensity are likely to lead to environmental process innovations. On the contrary, they do not play a significant role in increasing environmental product innovations. Instead, environmental product innovations take place under normative pressure. These results contribute to the “it pays to be green” and true sustainability discussion by examining the business environmental fit of a focal firm—either with environmental process innovations or with environmental product innovations.
Buyer–supplier collaboration in green practices: The driving effects from stakeholders
Authors: Yen Yu‐Xiang
Published: September 2018

Green and environmental practices are considered critical to enhancing firm innovation and performance. Previous research has not fully explained how and why buyers collaborate with suppliers in green practices. This study aimed to verify the driving effects of stakeholders and the underlying mechanism in buyer–supplier collaboration. Questionnaires were used to collect empirical data from selected purchasing managers in listed Taiwanese electronics firms. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the collected data and proposed model. Customer pressure and top management commitment are found to have a positive influence on buyer–supplier collaboration. Competitor pressure and regulatory pressure indirectly affect buyer–supplier collaboration through the mediating effects of customer pressure and top management commitment. However, green investment pressure does not significantly influence top management commitment and buyer–supplier collaboration. The results suggest that customers can leverage the pressure exerted by competing suppliers by bargaining with their current suppliers to improve collaboration with second‐tier suppliers.
Opinion mining and emotion recognition in an intelligent learning environment
Authors: Oramas Bustillos Raúl , Zatarain Cabada Ramón , Barrón Estrada María Lucía , Hernández Pérez Yasmin
Published: September 2018

In this paper, we present the development of an opinion‐mining module. The development of the module consisted of creating an emotion tagged dataset of opinions; implementing an opinion mining module that processes sentences about computer programming, predicting or recognizing their polarity (positive/negative) and their type of emotion (frustrated, bored, excited, engagement, and neutral); and integrating the previous module in an intelligent learning environment. We evaluated the corpus, the accuracy of text polarity, and emotion recognition. The results with respect to polarity are promising (88.26%), however, the results in the detection of emotions are still low (60.0%). The reasons which likely explain these outcomes include a relatively small (7,777 records) and unbalanced corpus.
Enantioselective, Catalytic One‐Pot Synthesis of γ‐Butyrolactone‐Based Fragrances
Authors: Kumru Ceyda , Classen Thomas , Pietruszka Jörg
Published: September 2018

Herein the preparative (1 g scale), stereoselective syntheses of various alkyl‐substituted γ‐butyrolactone fragrances 1 is described. The α,β‐unsaturated γ‐keto esters 2 as starting materials were synthesized by a Horner‐Wadsworth‐Emmons reaction and are further reduced by an ene reductase and alcohol dehydrogenase in a one‐pot enzyme cascade to nine desired γ‐butyrolactones 1, among them whisky (1 c) and cognac lactone (1 d). The products 1 were obtained in moderate to good yields and very good diastereoselectivities. Furthermore, the position of a nBu‐substituent was permutated to study the effect on the enzyme cascade.
Telling of Institutional Oppression: Voices of Minoritized Counselor Educators
Authors: Pérez Javier F. Casado , Carney JoLynn V.
Published: September 2018

The authors use the results of an intersectional critical qualitative inquiry to illustrate the encounters 6 minoritized counselor educators had with institutional forms of oppression. Their findings depict the insidious nature of institutional oppression and suggest that counselor educator experiences may be improved by peer mentorship programs and by the organizational advocacy and accountability efforts of bodies such as the Association for Counselor Education and Supervision.
Examining Predictors of Counselor‐in‐Training Intentional Nondisclosure
Authors: Cook Ryan M. , Welfare Laura E.
Published: September 2018

This study explored factors that best predict intentional nondisclosure by counselors‐in‐training (CITs) during onsite supervision, including social judgment about one’s supervisor, the supervisory working alliance (SWA), and supervisee attachment styles. Stepwise regression in a sample of 146 CITs revealed that the SWA and supervisee attachment avoidance predicted 60% of the variance in intentional nondisclosure.
Improved Performance of Rechargeable Li‐O2 Batteries with Plate‐like SnS2 as Efficient Cathode Catalyst
Authors: Hou Xiaoyan , Mao Ya , Yang Jun , Ma Zi‐Feng , Yuan Xianxia
Published: September 2018

Layer‐structured SnS2 powders with plate‐like and flower‐like morphologies have been successfully synthesized through a facile hydrothermal method with different sources of sulfur. Their potential application as cathode catalysts of rechargeable Li−O2 batteries were electrochemically evaluated and analyzed with diverse physicochemical techniques. The results reveal that both SnS2 materials are capable of catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction as well as oxygen evolution reaction in the cathode of Li−O2 batteries, while the plate‐like ones perform much better. Moreover, the performance of SnS2 is also comparatively discussed with the opponent of tin oxides to identify the superiority of transition metal sulfides to transition metal oxides as cathode catalysts of Li−O2 batteries.
Double A3‐Coupling of Primary Amines Catalysed by Gold Complexes
Authors: Grirrane Abdessamad , Álvarez Eleuterio , García Hermenegildo , Corma Avelino
Published: September 2018

A novel family of dipropargylamines has been synthesised in one pot through a double catalytic A3‐coupling of five components. Cationic [AuI‐L][SbF6] complexes (L=JohnPhos) are extremely active catalysts for the double A3‐coupling of primary amines (aliphatic or aromatic), formaldehyde and trimethylsilylacetylene. Several reactions of LAu‐amine complexes with organic reagents were studied and followed by NMR and HRMS (ESI) analyses, providing information about the reaction mechanism. Specifically, the role of the π‐gold(I) acetylide complexes as active catalyst species was firmly confirmed. Most of the intermediates of this five‐component coupling were identified by GC‐MS spectrometry, lending support to the mechanistic proposal. In some cases, cationic amine‐gold(I)‐L complexes corresponding to the activated reagent or intermediate were isolated and characterised by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, their spectroscopic properties were recorded, and their catalytic activity evaluated. Protic solvents influence the course of the reaction by effecting the double deprotection of dipropargylamines, providing a convenient route to dipropargylamines with double‐deprotected silyl moieties. When NaOH is present in the reaction media, formation of cationic acetylide‐dipropargylamine gold(I) and neutral hydroxide LAuOH complexes, respectively, as high and less active intermediate catalyst forms occur.
Strong Influence of the Ancillary Ligand over the Photodynamic Anticancer Properties of Neutral Biscyclometalated IrIII Complexes Bearing 2‐Benzoazole‐Phenolates
Authors: Martínez‐Alonso Marta , Busto Natalia , Aguirre Larry Danilo , Berlanga Leticia , Carrión M. Carmen , Cuevas José V. , Rodríguez Ana M. , Carbayo Arancha , Manzano Blanca R. , Ortí Enrique , Jalón Félix A. , García Begoña , Espino Gustavo
Published: September 2018

In this paper, the synthesis, comprehensive characterization and biological and photocatalytic properties of two series of neutral IrIII biscyclometalated complexes of general formula [Ir(C^N)2(N^O)], where the N^O ligands are 2‐(benzimidazolyl)phenolate‐N,O (L1, series a) and 2‐(benzothiazolyl)phenolate‐N,O (L2, series b), and the C^N ligands are 2‐(phenyl)pyridinate or its derivatives, are described,. Complexes of types a and b exhibit dissimilar photophysical and biological properties. In vitro cytotoxicity tests conclusively prove that derivatives of series a are harmless in the dark against SW480 cancer cells (colon adenocarcinoma), but express enhanced cytotoxicity versus the same cells after stimulation with UV or blue light. In contrast, complexes of type b show a very high cytotoxic activity in the dark, but low photosensitizing ability. Thus, the ancillary N^O ligand is the main factor in terms of cytotoxic activity both in the dark and upon irradiation. However, the C^N ligands play a key role regarding cellular uptake. In particular, the complex of formula [Ir(dfppy)2(L1)] (dfppy=2‐(4,6‐difluorophenyl)pyridinate) [3 a] has been identified as both an efficient photosensitizer for 1O2 generation and a potential agent for photodynamic therapy. These capabilities are probably related to a combination of its notable cellular internalization, remarkable photostability, high photoluminescence quantum yield, and long triplet excited‐state lifetime. Both types of complexes exhibit notable catalytic activity in the photooxidation of thioanisole and S‐containing aminoacids with full selectivity.
Creation and testing of a new, local microtubule‐disruption tool based on the microtubule‐severing enzyme, katanin p60
Authors: Advani Siddheshwari , Maresca Thomas J. , Ross Jennifer L.
Published: September 2018

Current methods to disrupt the microtubule cytoskeleton do not easily provide rapid, local control with standard cell manipulation reagents. Here, we develop a new microtubule‐disruption tool based on katanin p60 severing activity and demonstrate proof‐of‐principle by targeting it to kinetochores in Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells. Specifically, we show that human katanin p60 can remove microtubule polymer mass in S2 cells and an increase in misaligned chromosomes when globally overexpressed. When katanin p60 was targeted to the kinetochores via Mis12, we were able to recapitulate the misalignment only when using a phosphorylation‐resistant mutant katanin p60. Our results demonstrate that targeting an active version of katanin p60 to the kinetochore can reduce the fidelity of achieving full chromosome alignment in metaphase and could serve as a microtubule disruption tool for the future.
Turning dyneins off bends cilia
Authors: King Stephen M.
Published: September 2018

Ciliary and flagellar motility is caused by the ensemble action of inner and outer dynein arm motors acting on axonemal doublet microtubules. The switch point or switching hypothesis, for which much experimental and computational evidence exists, requires that dyneins on only one side of the axoneme are actively working during bending, and that this active motor region propagate along the axonemal length. Generation of a reverse bend results from switching active sliding to the opposite side of the axoneme. However, the mechanochemical states of individual dynein arms within both straight and curved regions and how these change during beating has until now eluded experimental observation. Recently, Lin and Nicastro used high‐resolution cryo‐electron tomography to determine the power stroke state of dyneins along flagella of sea urchin sperm that were rapidly frozen while actively beating. The results reveal that axonemal dyneins are generally in a pre‐power stroke conformation that is thought to yield a force‐balanced state in straight regions; inhibition of this conformational state and microtubule release on specific doublets may then lead to a force imbalance across the axoneme allowing for microtubule sliding and consequently the initiation and formation of a ciliary bend. Propagation of this inhibitory signal from base‐to‐tip and switching the microtubule doublet subsets that are inhibited is proposed to result in oscillatory motion.