bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uso da Técnica de Ressonância de Barras no Monitoramento das Propriedades Mecânicas da Zona Fundida do Aço ASTM A36
Authors: Duarte Bruno , Martins Waldemir dos Passos , Santos Amadeu Nunes , Silva Catarine Tayane Caetano Santos da , Leal Valdemar Silva
Published: October 2020

Resumo: Neste estudo, faz-se uso do método dinâmico e a técnica de ressonância de barras para medir as constantes elásticas da ZF da junta soldada de um aço estrutural ASTM Grau A36. A geometria, massa e frequência de ressonância (na flexão e na torção), de amostras com seção transversal retangular, são usadas para determinar as características elásticas e homogeneidade da junta soldada e do metal base pela norma ASTM E1875-13. As demais propriedades da junta soldada são determinadas pelos ensaios convencionais de tração, impacto (Charpy V), dureza e por microscopia ótica, difração de raios-X e EDS acoplada ao MEV. Os resultados dos ensaios convencionais quantificaram valores dentro dos padrões estabelecidos por norma, demonstraram a formação de fase típica sem a formação de novas fases e a dureza média foi 10% maior na ZF, o comportamento de fratura se mostrou dúctil. O refino de grão na região revelou uma maior quantidade de perlita e maior teor de elementos de liga, as constantes elásticas foram alteradas em relação ao MB de 4,9% a mais para o módulo de Young, 7,65% maior para o cisalhamento e 11,7% menor para a razão de Poisson, mostrando assim que o método é viável tanto para prever no MB e na ZF os valores das constantes elásticas.
Simulação do Processo de Soldagem Elétrica por Centelhamento de um Aço para Trilhos Ferroviários. Parte 2: Análise Dilatométrica e Numérica
Authors: Porcaro Rodrigo Rangel , Araújo Francisco Célio de , Godefroid Leonardo Barbosa , Faria Geraldo Lúcio de , Silva Luiz Leite da
Published: October 2020

Resumo: Trilhos longos soldados por centelhamento elétrico (Flash Butt Welding - FBW) apresentam características desejáveis do ponto de vista do comportamento dinâmico da via, no entanto, as soldas são regiões de descontinuidade estrutural e mecânica onde se originam tensões residuais, e que estão associadas a falhas prematuras por fadiga. Ensaios de dilatometria foram empregados para simular os efeitos do tamanho de grão austenítico sobre a evolução microestrutural pós-soldagem. Simulações numéricas termomecânicas, não-lineares, no domínio do tempo, pelo Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF), foram empregadas para avaliar os efeitos de modificações de parâmetros do processo de soldagem sobre as tensões residuais. Os resultados apresentados permitem compreender os mecanismos das alterações morfológicas da perlita na Zona Termicamente Afetada (ZTA) em termos de transformações de fases e podem ser utilizados para sistematicamente orientar mudanças nos parâmetros do processo ou controlar a taxa de resfriamento de modo a obter melhores condições metalúrgicas/mecânicas. Ademais, os resultados dos modelos numéricos mostram como a adoção de ZTA estreita influencia nas taxas de resfriamento e no desenvolvimento de tensões residuais em regiões críticas do componente.
Apoio Social, Resiliência, Estresse de Minorias e Saúde Mental de Mulheres Lésbicas e Bissexuais
Authors: Paveltchuk Fernanda de Oliveira , Borsa Juliane Callegaro , Damásio Bruno Figueiredo
Published: October 2020

Resumo Este estudo buscou avaliar os efeitos de moderação do apoio social e da resiliência na relação entre o Estresse de Minorias (EM) e desfechos de saúde mental. Participaram desse estudo 337 mulheres, sendo 42,43% lésbicas (n = 143) e 57,57% bissexuais (n = 194), maiores de 18 anos (M = 26 anos; DP = 17,3). As participantes responderam escalas de homofobia internalizada, vitimização, revelação da orientação sexual, felicidade subjetiva, satisfação com a vida, depressão, ansiedade e estresse, apoio social e resiliência. Foi realizada uma modelagem por equações estruturais para verificar o impacto dos estressores de minorias nas variáveis de bem-estar (BES) e psicopatologia (PSP), além de testar se apoio social e resiliência moderavam essas relações. Os resultados demonstraram que a resiliência moderou a relação entre vitimização e psicopatologia. Implicações clínicas são apontadas ao longo do artigo.
Níveis de Concordância com Regras Descritivas sobre Comportamentos Alimentares entre Veg(etari)anos
Authors: Carvalho Rodrigo Clementino de , Moreira Júnnia Maria
Published: October 2020

Resumo O vegetarianismo é uma prática que exclui carnes e pode evitar outros produtos de origem animal. Esta última modalidade está muito associada ao veganismo, uma filosofia que defende a libertação animal. Aderir a tais condições implica no seguimento de algumas normas que norteiam comportamentos alimentares e interações sociais. Partindo desse pressuposto, objetivou-se avaliar o nível de concordância, entre vegetarianos e veganos, quanto a regras que descrevem comportamentos alimentares. A pesquisa contou com 398 participantes, sendo 198 não estritos e 200 estritos, que responderam a um questionário on-line autoaplicável. Os dados, analisados via teste t, apontaram maiores níveis de concordância com comportamentos mais restritos entre vegetarianos estritos e veganos os quais também relataram maior embasamento em valores. Este estudo, que trouxe uma ótica de análise para os comportamentos alimentares em termos de localização de reforços, pode contribuir com novas práticas em saúde direcionadas às pessoas vegetarianas e veganas.
Apoptosis (programmed cell death) and its signals - A review
Authors: Obeng E.
Published: October 2020

Abstract Apoptosis is a sequential order of cell death occurring regularly to ensure a homeostatic balance between the rate of cell formation and cell death. However, a misplaced of this balancing function can contribute to an abnormal cell growth / proliferation or autoimmune disorders etc. Apoptosis is therefore said to be crucial from the point of development of an embryo throughout the growth of an organism contributing to the renewal of tissues and also the getting rid of inflammatory cells. This review seeks to elaborate on the recent overview of the mechanism involved in apoptosis, some element and signal contributing to its function and inhibition together with how their malfunction contribute to a number of cancer related cases.
New observations from the intestinal fauna of Kerodon rupestris (Wied, 1820) (Rodentia, Cavidae), Brazil: a checklist spanning 30,000 years of parasitism
Authors: Souza M. V. , Chaves S. A. M. , Iñiguez A. M.
Published: October 2020

Abstract This checklist of parasites of Kerodon rupestris, an endemic rodent from the Brazilian semiarid region, revealed records of 25 enteroparasite taxa comprising Cestoda (Anoplocephalidae), Trematoda, Acanthocephala and Nematoda (Ancylostomidae, Ascarididae, Heterakidae, Oxyuridae, Pharyngodonidae, Trichuridae, Capillariidae, Trichostrongylidae, and Strongyloididae), and two taxa of coccidian. Paleoparasitological and parasitological studies published until 2019 were assessed in the present study and locality information, site of infection, sample dating, and host data were summarized from each reference. Analyses of recent feces and coprolites revealed the highest species richness in the Piauí State. The chronological data corroborated that Trichuris spp. and oxyurids are part of the parasitic fauna of K. rupestris. This represents the first checklist of intestinal parasites from K. rupestris.
Granulomatous pneumonia due to pythiosis in captive South American coatis (Nasua nasua)
Authors: Bezerra Kalinne S. , Santos Tarcísio A. , Rosa Janaina M.A. , Pescador Carolina A. , Dutra Valeria , Nakazato Luciano , Driemeier David , Colodel Edson M.
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT: Pythiosis is an emerging infectious disease affecting captive and free-ranging wild animals. We report granulomatous pneumonia due to Pythium insidiosum in two South American coatis (Nasua nasua), who were found dead without any clinical records. Severe granulomatous pneumonia associated with pleural effusion was revealed in the necropsy. Microscopically, variably sized granulomas and pyogranulomas presented negative hyphae profiles at the periphery of their necrotic cores. Grocott methenamine silver stain highlighted these structures, and immunostain (anti- P. insidiosum) was strongly positive. Molecular analysis by polymerase chain reaction amplified P. insidiosum specific DNA. These findings characterized P. insidiosum as a cause of granulomatous pneumonia in coatis and proved that pythiosis needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of respiratory diseases affecting this species in endemic areas.
Identification and control of wood-deteriorating fungi
Authors: Mariano Lilian Gonçalves , Carvalho Acácio Geraldo de , Trevisan Henrique , Fernandes Maria do Carmo Araújo
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT: Wood is rich in organic compounds; thus, it is susceptible to attacks by several deteriorating agents because they acknowledge such attacks as a necessary energy supply. Fungi stand out among these agents since they can attack the wood in trees (before felling) and in several post-felling stages. Fungi are biological agents that use organic compounds as food sources, and that is the reason why they degrade most chemical components found in wood. Wood attacked by fungi suffers significant value loss, since these degrading agents affect their mechanical and aesthetic properties. Fungi — which are classified as staining, molding and rotting — are one of the main responsible for the biggest losses in the timber industry. Wood can be virtually used in a whole range of environments, a fact that makes it susceptible to attacks by different fungal species, since the ideal conditions for fungal development change from species to species. In other words, the fact that one or more fungal species are capable of deteriorating wood is directly related to conditions wood is subjected to. Thus, it is essential knowing how to evaluate fungal attacks, symptoms to be taken into consideration at the time to identify the type of attacking organism and the attack stage, as well as the control and prevention measures to be applied to these organisms.
Influence of Meloidogyne incognita race 1 on the development of clones of Coffea canephora, variety “Jequitibá Incaper 8122”
Authors: Zinger Lilian Katiany Castello Rabello , Zinger Fernando Domingo , Alves Fábio Ramos , Jesus Junior Waldir Cintra de , Gonçalves Angelo Oliveira , Cruz Tatiane Paulino da , Moraes Willian Bucker , Camara Guilherme Resende
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT: Root-knot nematode is one of the most important phytosanitary problems for Conilon coffee, as it reduces productivity and is difficult to handle. We aimed at studying the infectivity and damage caused by M. incognita race 1 in the “Jequitibá Incaper 8122” intermediate maturity coffee variety. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in completely randomized design, with five replicates. The clones composing the variety “Jequitibá Incaper 8122” were inoculated with 2,000 eggs + second-stage juveniles of M. incognita race 1. Uninoculated plants were the control. Evaluations were performed 180 days after inoculation, considering the plant height (H), stem diameter (SD), number of leaves (NOL), leaf area (LA), number of plagiotropic branches (NPB), number of nodes (NN), chlorophyll content (CHLO), shoot dry matter (SDM), root fresh matter (RFM), final population (FNP), and reproduction factor (NRF). The nematode reduced NOL in clones 208 and 209, NRF in clones 201, 203, 207 and 208, NN in clones 203, 207, 208 and 209, CHLO in clones 201, 204, 206, 207 and 209, SDM in clones 201, 203, 204 and 205 and RFM in clones 205 and 207. M. incognita race 1 FNP and NRF were larger in clones 208, 201, 207 and 203. Clone 202 had FNP and NRF equal to zero, being immune to the nematode. Clone 206 presented the lowest NRF value among clones parasitized by M. incognita.
Association between electromyographic localized muscle fatigue of the rectus femoris and static postural balance in physically active adult men
Authors: Bouchnak Mariam Mian , Ostolin Thatiane Lopes Valentim Di Paschoale , Sperandio Evandro Fornias , Vieira Wesley de Oliveira , Dourado Victor Zuniga
Published: October 2020

Abstract Although the determinant impact of exercise-induced muscle fatigue prior to postural balance assessment has been widely described, recent evidence suggests that hyperventilation and sensorimotor losses, rather than muscle fatigue, are responsible for the changes observed in postural balance. However, the association between localized muscle fatigue (LMF), induced by isokinetic dynamometer protocol test and assessed through surface electromyography, and postural balance in adults is poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the association between the LMF of the rectus femoris and static postural balance in 51 adult men (43±14.8 years; 26.9±5 kg/m2). We obtained physical activity level and postural balance, respectively, through a triaxial accelerometry and a force platform. The quadriceps femoris strength and endurance were obtained using an isokinetic dynamometer and surface electromyography simultaneously. The association between the isokinetic and electromyographic LMF and static postural balance was investigated using linear regression models adjusted for age, body mass index, and isokinetic quadriceps strength and LMF. The correlations between postural balance variables and isokinetic muscle strength and LMF were weak-to-moderate. After multivariate analyses, we observed that electromyographic LMF were a predictor of postural balance, mainly of the mean amplitude and COP area and velocity in the mediolateral direction, regardless of isokinetic variables. Therefore, LMF plays a determinant role in the postural balance of physically active adult men. Fatigue indices are significant predictors of postural balance, regardless of previous fatigue induction.
Analysis of the small-sided games in volleyball: an ecological approach
Authors: Rocha Augusto Cézar Rodrigues , Castro Henrique de Oliveira , Freire Auro Barreiros , Faria Bárbara Costa , Mitre Gustavo Palhares , Fonseca Fabiano de Souza , Lima Cláudio Olívio Vilela , Costa Gustavo De Conti Teixeira
Published: October 2020

Abstract The aim of the present study was to compare the tactical and technical behavior of beginner players in volleyball side-out between four distinct situations of reduced games with different area/player ratios: 4.5 m2 (3.0 m x 3.0 m), 8.0 m2 (4.0 m x 4.0 m), 10.58 m2 (4.6 m x 4.6 m), and 13.52 m2 (5.2 m x 5.2 m). We analyzed 76 games played by 16 players with a mean age of 12.2 ± 0.5 years and experience of 1.2 ± 0.8 years of practice. Tactical and technical behavior was analyzed using an adaptation of the Game Performance Analysis Instrument (GPAI). The analysis was conducted for passing, setting and attacking according to the components related to technical adjustment, technical efficiency and decision-making. The results showed that players presented higher technical and tactical indexes in the passing and setting skills in 4.6 m x 4.6 m and 5.2 m x 5.2 m situations. Also, in the 3.0 m x 3.0 m situation higher technical indexes were found for the attacking. No differences were found in the tactical behavior of attacking for tested situations. We conclude that the environmental constraints imposed by the small-sided games imply distinct technical and technical behaviors. Thus, the pedagogical strategy of using small-sided games for the teaching of volleyball for beginner players must be associated with the intended objectives for each basic volleyball skills.
Longitudinal study of associated factors with adolescent health: Method and sample profile
Authors: Arruda Gustavo Aires de , Coledam Diogo Henrique Constantino , Cantieri Francys Paula , Barros Mauro Virgílio Gomes de , Silva Diego Augusto Santos , Albuquerque Amanda Oliveira Bernardino Cavalcanti de , Freitas Clara Maria Silvestre Monteiro de , Oliveira Arli Ramos de
Published: October 2020

Abstract The aim of this work was to describe the methodological procedures of a longitudinal study on adolescent health, as well as to characterize the sample profile. This research enrolled a sample of 302 adolescents from Londrina - Paraná. Two data collections were carried out with an interval of three years. Anthropometric indicators, blood pressure, heart rate, back pain, academic achievement, physical activity, sedentary behavior, eating habits, alcohol consumption, smoking, socioeconomic status, and motor tests were collected. There was a frequency of high blood pressure of 10.4%; body mass index in conditions associated with health risk of 22.4%; and spinal pain with moderate intensity of 22.1%. Sport and/or physical exercise practice (moderate-to-vigorous; ≥150 minutes/week) was 33.1%. High consumption of unhealthy foods and beverages ranged from 21.2% (coffee or tea) to 58.0% (fried foods). A high proportion (87.1%) reported never having smoked. The grades frequency ≥ seven varied between 21.4% (Biology) and 71.1% (Physical Education). Only 33.2% presented high academic achievement. The highest compliance with criteria was in the curl-up (76.4%) and the lowest in the 90º push-up (37.2%). This work will make it possible to verify the tracking of different behavioral and biological indicators related to health, as well as academic achievement. It will also allow the identification of the association between health outcomes and exposure factors prospectively, considering the influence of potential confounding variables. This information could contribute to the planning of public health interventions and policies.
Analysis of sex-related differences in external load demands on beach handball
Authors: Gómez-Carmona Carlos David , García-Santos David , Mancha-Triguero David , Antúnez Antonio , Ibáñez Sergio José
Published: October 2020

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to analyze the sex-related differences in beach handball workload. A total sample of 105 handballers (male, n=50; female, n=55) belonging to six U’16 teams, seven U’18 teams and eight senior teams were monitored in the final round of 2018-2019 beach handball tournament celebrated during 3-days congested-fixture design. The external load variables Steps, Jumps, Player Load, Total Impacts (>2G) and Total Impacts per Intensities (very low, 2-4G; low, 4-6G; moderate, 6-8G; high, 8-10G; very high, >10G) through WIMUTM inertial devices. Statistical analysis was composed by t-test and Cohen’s d for anthropometrical variables and by MANOVA and omega partial square for sex and categories related differences. Greater values in male handballers were found in height, weight and age in each categories (U’16: p<0.05; d=0.50-2.26; U’18: p<0.05; d=0.95-2.21; senior: p<0.05; d=1.01-1.99), except in age in U’18 (p=0.97; d=0.01). Respect to external workload, differences were found related to category (p<0.01; ωp²= 0.02-0.05, small) and sex (p<0.01; ωp²= 0.04-0.21, small to high), except in Steps (p=0.47; ωp²= 0.00), finding the greatest sex-related differences in U’16 category. From the differences found in anthropometrical characteristics and external workload, their evaluation during competition allows designing specific training sessions with the purpose of sports performance enhancement in beach handball.
Post-exercise hypotension in concurrent training: a systematic review
Authors: Mello Diego De , Ostolin Thatiane Lopes Valentim Di Paschoale
Published: October 2020

Abstract Physical exercise is capable to reduce blood pressure (BP) acutely in a phenomenon described as post-exercise hypotension (PEH). However, the acute effect of concurrent training on PEH needs clarification. The present review aimed to verify and summarize the acute effect of concurrent training on PEH in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. The search was carried out in the databases PubMed, Scielo, and Lilacs, and resulted in 3806 articles. Only 14 studies met the eligibility criteria and were selected. According to included studies, concurrent training can promote PEH regardless of the order, volume, and intensity prescribed, being an effective strategy in the control of arterial hypertension. There is no consensus in the literature regarding the best prescription strategy, as well as the order of execution of the types of exercise.
Content validity evidences in the motor coordination test with ball
Authors: Ribas Schelyne , Aburachid Layla Maria Campos , Morales Juan Carlos Pérez , Monteiro Gabriella Nelli , Praça Gibson Moreira , Castro Henrique de Oliveira , Greco Pablo Juan
Published: October 2020

Abstract The main objective of this study was to establish content validity evidences in the Motor Coordination Test with Ball (MCTB). Four Ph.D. professors and former sports coaches with academic experience in the motor coordination area took part of the validation process as experts. The experts assessed four motor tasks and graded using the Likert scale from one to five for criteria of clarity of language, practice relevance, and theoretical relevance. The content validity coefficient (CVC) has been used to determine the CVCc of each task and the CVCt for the instrument as a whole, adopting as a cutoff CVCc .70 and CVCt .80. The results showed good agreement among experts concerning “clarity of language” (CVC= .89), “practice relevance” (CVC= .81), and theoretical relevance (CVC= .86). For “practice relevance” of images and videos of task execution, there has been observed CVCt of .86 and CVCt of .95, respectively. When requested the order of relevance of coordination pressures, the agreement among experts presented the existence of at least four coordination pressures in each one of the tasks and, out of these, at least two had a higher relevance. After the calculation of the CVC, ecological validity was determined for the MCTB, accrediting it as an instrument for the assessment of motor coordination with ball in the context of sports games.
The stretch-shortening cycle efficiency is dependent on the maturational stage
Authors: Dantas Matheus , Queiros Victor Sabino de , Fonseca Fabiano de Souza , Almeida-Neto Paulo Francisco de , Teixeira Rômulo Vasconcelos , Silva Leandro Medeiros da , Aidar Felipe J. , Matos Dihogo Gama de , Cabral Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinoco
Published: October 2020

Abstract Maturation interferes with physiological and mechanical aspects of muscle contraction. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficiency of the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) between different maturation stages. One hundred forty six young people, with 72 boys and 74 girls, were recruited to participate in the study. Sexual maturation was measured and the group was stratified into adolescents (> 3 auto-tanner) and children (<2 auto-tanner). Squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) performance were measured to measure reactive force (RF) capacity, eccentric utilization ratio (EUR) and pre-stretch augmentation (PSAP). The children did not present statistical difference between SJ and CMJ (t(55)= -1.93; ∆ = -0.61; 95% CI = -1.24 to -0.02; p = 0.058), while the adolescents presented higher performance of CMJ (t(89)= -12.28; ∆ = -2.44; 95% CI = -2.84 to -2.05; p <0.001). In addition, adolescents had higher RF performance (t(144)= 5.18; p <0.0001; 95% CI = 2.53 to 1.13), PSAP (t(144)= 4.38; p <0.0001; 95% CI = 14.00 to 5.29) and EUR (t(144)= 4.38; p <0.0001; 95% CI = 0.14 to 0.05). We conclude that more mature young people have better SSC utilization.
Perception, Torsion, Event: links between body, discourse and art
Authors: Costa Isaac
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT This study is based on the identification of the subject and his/her social place in the performance, in order to connect subject, body, and gesture in the performing act. This link becomes possible from the discursive analysis of the sixth dimension of the performing activity: an updating of Schechner’s theory of performance, in conjunction with the postulates of Merleau-Ponty on perception, and Pêcheux on discourse. Results indicate an opportunity for a materialistic analysis of the field of sensitive experimentation, emphasizing the theoretical unfolding of the notion of perception in the analytical act consolidated in the feeling and action of/by the subject’s body.
Dancing the Urban Heritage
Authors: Semeghini Juliana Raposo
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT This article proposes to broaden the discussion of the threatened identity of the Urban Heritage, perceived within a culture of body reification, from the viewpoint of ephemeral arts. The ongoing research, from which this article derives, is interested in investigating authors who question documental representations, who recover forgotten cultural spaces and who propose a review of historical memory. The analysis of works that trace the genealogy of this ethnographic turn in art history contributed to the understanding of an artistic practice based on the sensitive world, related to its surroundings, in addition to providing clues about the artist capable of summoning others to a new kind of public experience.
First- Person Narratives in the Performative Practice of Marginalized Women and Decolonial Knowledge Production
Authors: Silva Caroline Dias de Oliveira
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT The essay proposes a dialogue between feminist decolonial thinking and performance art, as they connect to my own experience in these fields. Based on the understanding that the decolonial perspective puts all Western conceptual and methodological categorizations under critical scrutiny, my objective is to advance discussion of performance by marginalized women, seeking to understand their role in the production of shared meanings through disruptive and anti-colonial writing. To this end, I examine performative actions that deploy such practices, which I understand as initiatives toward decolonization through embodied expression.
Multi-level governance application to a shared river basin
Authors: Assis Wanessa Dunga de , Ribeiro Márcia Maria Rios , Silva Simone Rosa da
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT Water governance systems must be effective in establishing policies capable of guiding decision making. Their framework needs to weigh the intrinsic complexity of inter-scale and multi-level interactions. Aspects such as decentralization and stakeholder engagement are pillars to be considered. In shared river basins (international or national), there are challenges to overcome since there is a need for managing water at different scales and multiple levels. This study aims to analyse the degree of implementation of the National Water Resources Policy in a shared federal basin in Brazil (the São Francisco River Basin) considering the basin as a whole (macro level) and its micro level (the 34 sub-basins that compose it). Multi-level interrelationships in the implementation of water policy are analysed. To this end, OECD Water Governance Principle 2 (“Manage water at the appropriate scales”) is considered as the basis for this analysis. An adaptation of the OECD Water Governance Indicator Framework methodology is used to classify the 34 sub-basins at different stages of water policy implementation. The outcomes indicate deficiencies in the process of water policy implementation in sub-basins. There is a need for better interactions at the federal, state and river basin levels to strengthen the governance system.
Ardentes trópicos: febres e saúde pública no Brasil joanino
Authors: Freitas Ricardo Cabral de
Published: October 2020

Resumo Com exceção da febre amarela, as febres ainda foram pouco exploradas pela historiografia da saúde brasileira. No século XIX, contudo, sua presença na vida social era quase incontornável, atingindo enormes parcelas da população. Suas vítimas padeciam de uma grande variedade de sintomas em que a identificação e a terapêutica eram objeto de intensos debates nos círculos médicos. A intelectualidade luso-brasileira, atenta tanto aos debates médicos europeus quanto a experiências clínicas, esforçou-se para fornecer respostas na forma de intensa produção impressa; no entanto, as manifestações febris encontradas nos trópicos representavam um desafio extra à sua formação europeia, forçando-a a conjugar experiências adquiridas em partes distintas do Império na constituição de saberes específicos sobre as febres tropicais.
O movimento da medicina psicossomática no Brasil: a trajetória teórica e institucional de Danilo Perestrello
Authors: Guedes Carla Ribeiro , Rangel Vanessa Maia , Camargo Jr. Kenneth
Published: October 2020

Resumo Na década de 1950, surgia o movimento da medicina psicossomática no Brasil, tendo como protagonista o psiquiatra e psicanalista Danilo Perestrello. A configuração dessa proposta e a análise das estratégias construídas para a formação desse campo disciplinar são o objeto deste estudo. Desde o início, esse movimento foi marcado por um projeto teórico-institucional de refundação da medicina sobre bases psicanalíticas e de institucionalização. Em sua trajetória, Perestrello publicou artigos e livros que tinham como intuito formar um novo estilo de pensamento entre os médicos, bem como a ocupação de instituições estratégicas. Seu afastamento profissional, devido a uma grave doença em 1976, representou um fator desagregador do movimento psicossomático no contexto brasileiro.
O Regimento dos preços dos medicamentos... na farmácia brasileira oitocentista
Authors: Peruchi Amanda
Published: October 2020

Resumo Em 5 de novembro de 1808, dom João de Bragança promulgou um alvará sobre o exercício dos boticários e o preço das drogas e ordenou a criação de um regulamento para taxar o custo dos medicamentos comercializados no Brasil. Publicado pela primeira vez em 1809, o Regimento dos preços dos medicamentos... ganhou novas edições nos anos subsequentes e tornou-se um indispensável instrumento de trabalho para os envolvidos com a feitura e o comércio dos remédios. Este texto situa historicamente e destaca esse documento brevemente explorado pelos pesquisadores da história da farmácia brasileira, visto ter sido uma das primeiras iniciativas do governo luso-brasileiro condizentes com a atividade farmacêutica no Brasil no século XIX.
Synergic effects between mineral admixtures on strength and microstructure of concretes
Authors: Feltrin Cristina Silva , Isaia Geraldo Cechella , Lübeck André
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT: The present research aims at evaluating the physical, chemical and synergistic effects of substitution 25% cement in mass by limestone filler (LF), fly ash (FA) and rice husk ash (RHA), in similarity of physical condition (near grain size curves), and to compare the different binary and ternary mixtures of concrete after 28 days of wet curing, keeping the ratio water/cement (w/c) constant. The concrete samples were characterized in relation to the axial compressive strength and their microstructure using TG/DTA and MEV/EDS techniques. The CCA in the binary mixture was the one that obtained bigger compressive strength among the investigated mixtures, but when combined with a less reactive mineral addition in ternary mixtures, an overlap of chemical and physical effects occurred which resulted in better resistance and higher C-S-H formation in the hardened cement paste.
An Auden Variant
Authors: Mendelson Edward
Published: October 2020

It' surprising that Stephen E. Severn' article “The Library of Congress Variant of ‘The Shield of Achilles’” (124.5 [2009]: 1761-67), so earnestly devoted to explaining in detail a variant word in a handwritten copy of a poem, should misquote four lines about which there is no dispute. Auden' “unintelligible multitude” in “The Shield of Achilles” is here assembled on a “plane without feature, bare and brown” (1762). How could a million “eyes” and “boots in line” possibly fit, much less stand, on that brown plane–or in it? And why is it “bare”? The line, of course, should read (and does in all editions), “A plain without a feature….”
Intracellular Phosphate and ATP Depletion Measured by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Patients Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Chazot Guillaume , Lemoine Sandrine , Kocevar Gabriel , Kalbacher Emilie , Sappey-Marinier Dominique , Rouvière Olivier , Juillard Laurent
Published: October 2020

Significance Statement

The origin of most of the phosphate removed during hemodialysis has been uncertain. In this pilot study, the authors used phosphorus (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify intracellular inorganic phosphate (Pi), phosphocreatine, and ATP kinetics in 11 patients with ESKD during a 4-hour hemodialysis treatment. They found a decreased concentration of both intracellular Pi and ATP, confirming that Pi is, at least partially, released by the intracellular compartment. This finding raises the possibility that excessive dialytic removal of phosphate might adversely affect the intracellular availability of high-energy phosphates and ultimately, cellular metabolism.

Background

The precise origin of phosphate that is removed during hemodialysis remains unclear; only a minority comes from the extracellular space. One possibility is that the remaining phosphate originates from the intracellular compartment, but there have been no available data from direct assessment of intracellular phosphate in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Methods

We used phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify intracellular inorganic phosphate (Pi), phosphocreatine (PCr), and βATP. In our pilot, single-center, prospective study, 11 patients with ESKD underwent phosphorus (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy examination during a 4-hour hemodialysis treatment. Spectra were acquired every 152 seconds during the hemodialysis session. The primary outcome was a change in the PCr-Pi ratio during the session.

Results

During the first hour of hemodialysis, mean phosphatemia decreased significantly (−41%; P<0.001); thereafter, it decreased more slowly until the end of the session. We found a significant increase in the PCr-Pi ratio (+23%; P=0.001) during dialysis, indicating a reduction in intracellular Pi concentration. The PCr-βATP ratio increased significantly (+31%; P=0.001) over a similar time period, indicating a reduction in βATP. The change of the PCr-βATP ratio was significantly correlated to the change of depurated Pi.

Conclusions

Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy examination of patients with ESKD during hemodialysis treatment confirmed that depurated Pi originates from the intracellular compartment. This finding raises the possibility that excessive dialytic depuration of phosphate might adversely affect the intracellular availability of high-energy phosphates and ultimately, cellular metabolism. Further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between objective and subjective effects of hemodialysis and decreases of intracellular Pi and βATP content.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number

Intracellular Phosphate Concentration Evolution During Hemodialysis by MR Spectroscopy (CIPHEMO), NCT03119818
Seguridad del Paciente en la Administración de Medicamentos de Alto Riesgo
Authors: Hernández Gamboa Adriana Elena
Published: October 2020

Esta nota de clase presenta al enfermero en formación la importancia y la responsabilidad de su quehacer en el día a día en relación con el cuidado de los pacientes ante una situación de emergencia o un estado de salud complejo, que requiera la administración de medicamentos de alto riesgo tales como inotrópicos, vasopresores, vasodilatadores, antiarrítmicos, insulinas, potasio, etc. Ese compromiso enfermero-paciente implica conocimiento científico basado en la evidencia, capacitación continua y adquisición de habilidades para realizar cálculos matemáticos sencillos, preparación de mezclas, programación de equipos o bombas de infusión y, desde luego, la atención cálida y humana que distingue a nuestra profesión, basada en los principios éticos y valores fundamentales de la sociedad. Los medicamentos anteriormente mencionados, no solo pueden salvar la vida de los enfermos, sino que también pueden poderla en riesgo, si se cometen errores en la preparación de la mezcla, en la programación de la velocidad o dosis de la infusión o debido a la falta de conocimiento del enfermero acerca del tipo y características del medicamento que está manejando.
Modelling The Effect Size of Microbial Fuel Cells Using Bernstein Polynomial Approach via Iterative Method
Authors: GÜRCAN Mehmet , HALİSDEMİR Nurhan , GÜRAL Yunus
Published: October 2020

Microbial fuel cells are one of the most important issues in today's science. The studies in the literature on the subject are very limited. Nowadays, research on renewable energy sources brings scientists to the point of obtaining renewable energy sources from microbial fuel cells. In this study, we designed a battery using a microbial fuel cell. The four independent variables taken into account in the experiment are open-circuit voltage, short circuit current, measured voltage when loaded, the current measured when loaded, and dependent variable effect size. The numerical values of the effect size were obtained by using independent variables. Then, the obtained values from the effect size were modeled using Bernstein polynomial. Using the iterative calculations belonging to the Bernstein polynomial in calculations, the error of the model has been reduced to a minimum and thus the estimation model used has been made statistically significant for the effect size.
Bulk EV staining with CFSE protein binding dye v1
Authors: Morales-Kastresana Aizea , A Welsh Joshua , Jones Jennifer
Published: October 2020

Carboxyfluorescein Diacetate Succynidimil Esther (CFDA-SE) is a small molecule that has been used extensively for labeling and tracking cells by flow cytometry, along with other imaging techniques(Lyons, Blake, & Doherty, 2013; Perfetto, Ambrozak, Roederer, & Koup, 2004). CFSE irreversibly binds to positively charged functional groups, such as lysine and arginine in proteins, through a covalent bond. The two diacetic groups in CFDA-SE’s structure render the molecule highly permeable and non-fluorescent(Breeuwer et al., 1995). Therefore, it was believed that the presence of esterase, the main enzyme that catalyze the hydrolysis of the diacetic groups, is required to convert CFDA-SE to fluorescent CFSE(Wang, Duan, Liu, Fang, & Tan, 2005). However, the presence of the enzymes only accelerates the hydrolysis of CFDA-SE, due to being catalysts of this hydrolysis. Contrary to common misconceptions, esterases arenot requiredfor this hydrolysis, and other factors such as high CFSE concentration, long incubation times and high temperatures, can also promote hydrolysis of the diacetic groups(Bergsdorf, Beyer, Umansky, Werr, & Sapp, 2003; Hoefel, Grooby, Monis, Andrews, & Saint, 2003). Thus, the approach that is taken in this protocol has been optimized for staining cell culture-derived EVs with a fluorescent dye, regardless of the concentration of esterases in the EVs(Morales-Kastresana et al., 2017). The following protocol was developed to bulk stain EV populations(Thery et al., 2001; Thery, Ostrowski, & Segura, 2009). The protocol was optimized for achieving good signal to noise ratios, while avoiding excessive loss of EVs(Morales-Kastresana et al., 2017). To maximize the fluorescent intensity of the EVs, the authors recommend using CFDA-SE aliquots prepared in DMSO rather than aqueous solutions, which minimize fluorescein quenching with light and loss of diacetic groups by hydrolysis, which will render the molecule less permeant(Banks et al., 2013). This protocol can be performed in non-sterile conditions, although appropriate handling of reagents to ensure the absence of contaminating particulates is highly recommended. Although this method is very useful for purified EVs, this method is not appropriate for use in the setting of highly heterogeneous samples such as for plasma or serum, where extracellular proteins (including lipoproteins and ribonucleoproteins) not associated with EVs would be labelled along with the EV-associated proteins.
Skin Lesion Classification Using Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Shchetinin E.Yu. , Demidova A.V. , Kulyabov D.S. , Sevastyanov L.A.
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we propose an approach to solving the problem of recognizing skin lesions, namely melanoma, based on the analysis of dermoscopic images using deep learning methods. For this purpose, the architecture of a deep convolutional neural network was developed, which was applied to the processing of dermoscopic images of various skin lesions contained in the HAM10000 data set. The data under study were preprocessed to eliminate noise, contamination, and change the size and format of images. In addition, since the disease classes are unbalanced, a number of transformations were performed to balance them. The data obtained in this way were divided into two classes: Melanoma and Benign. Computer experiments using the built deep neural network based on the data obtained in this way have shown that the proposed approach provides 94% accuracy on the test sample, which exceeds similar results obtained by other algorithms.
Early and Mid-Holocene vegetation changes in Scania (southern Sweden) based on palynological data
Authors: Rohozin Yevhenii , Ljung Karl , Broström Anna
Published: October 2020

The paper presents a detailed palynological study of a sediment core from Lake Vomb in the central Scania, south Sweden. The pollen spectra are dominated by arboreal taxa, namely Alnus sp., Corylus avellana, Quercus sp., Pinus sylvestris, Betula sp. and others. The appearance and frequencies changes of the various pollen taxa show a vegetation succession from the Late Glacial to Middle Holocene. During the Late Glacial, open tundra-steppe prevailed around the lake, and the vegetation cover was sparse. In the early Holocene tundra-steppe vegetation changed to open woodland with Betula and Pinus as main elements, although, some types of tundra-steppe vegetation were present, such as Artemisia sp. and Chenopodiaceae. During the Boreal period, the area of coniferous forests gradually reduced and the migration of nemoral vegetation to southern Sweden began. During the Atlantic period, deciduous Quercus forests with Ulmus, Tilia and Fraxinus prevailed around the lake. The emergence of the Neolithic settlements at the end of the Atlantic period was reflected in the reduction of forest areas due to felling and burning of trees. The beginning of human impact on the vegetation was traced following the appearance of pollen of cultivated grasses and anthropophytes (e.g. Plantago lanceolata, Rumex acetosa). In the Subboreal period, cultural landscapes of the southern Sweden combined natural deciduous forests and meadows, pastures and arable land of ancient cultures. In the middle of the Subboreal time, migration of Fagus and Carpinus to the Scania began.
The heyday of the Lviv School of Mountain Landscape Science (dedicated to the memory of Professor Anatoliy Melnyk)
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Karabiniuk Mykola , Burianyk Olesya ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine, Gostiuk Zoriana ,   “Hutsulshcnyna” National Park, Kosiv, Ukraine, Kostiv Lyudmyla ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: October 2020

The article is dedicated to the memory of A. Melnyk – a prominent geographer-landscape scientist, researcher of landscapes of the Ukrainian Carpathians and Ukraine in general, long-term head of the Department of Physical Geography and head of the Chornogirsky geographical station of Ivan Franko National University of Lviv. His scientific path and contribution to the general development of the Lviv School of Landscape Studies are analyzed.
Rating of the food safety level of the leningrad region
Authors: Mansurov R. E. , Zasedova A. A.
Published: October 2020

Analysis of ensuring Russia's food security has shown the need to develop indicators that show the level of self-sufficiency of regions with basic food products. The study uses statistical materials of the results of the work of the agro-industrial complex of the region for 2016. As a result of the generalization of existing approaches, the author's methodology was suggested, how to make a rating assessment of the level of food self-sufficiency in the regions of the Leningrad Region for basic types of food. The basis of the approach was analytical methods of mathematical and comparative analysis, it is planned to form the final rating. The proposed methodology can be used in the system of regional management of the agro-industrial complex at the federal and local levels.
Employment issues in the modern Russia: five urgent matters
Authors: Aganbegyan A. G.
Published: October 2020

The employment issues existing in contemporary Russia including its socio-demographic, economic and regional dimensions are considered. It is argued and substantiated that priority strategies to cope with these issues include: reduction of unemployment and handling of the unemployment benefits’ payments; prevention of the labor force decreasing; including informal (unreported) employment into the public statistical accounting; providing for the people inflow to and increasing employment of those living in Siberia and the Far East of Russia; organization of 25 million high-productive jobs in the national economy.
Modern trends of informatization of financial marketing
Authors: Rozhkov I. V.
Published: October 2020

Significant institutional weaknesses of the formation of the management structure of an industry cluster are revealed, the possibility of engineering new structures of governance based on the principles of innovative management is identified. Feature of industrial clusters is the need and necessity of innovation that permeates all structures of the cluster management and all the processes of cluster management and, in turn, creates the preconditions for the formation of business entities the ability to successfully overcome a crisis situation. The purpose of the work is to develop the improved construction of innovational sectorial clustering with the use of effective centralized system of management of cluster business processes, based on diffusion of innovational technologies and their production embodiment. A typical structure of sectorial cluster management does not allow determining goals, tasks, tools, and mechanisms of innovational development of sectorial cluster’s enterprises. Drawbacks of the typical structure of sectorial cluster management are as follows: lack of representation of the scheme of cooperation between cluster members and external environment, format of development of interrelations between cluster’s elements in the sphere of information exchange, movement of material flows and financial resources, lack of formed areas of responsibility and matrices of competences of cluster members in various scenarios of development of external environment. The “structural imbalance” in the system of management of sectorial cluster is determined, which consists in elaboration of production and functional structure and “fuzziness” of responsibility for cluster activities efficiency. The use of the improved innovational construction of sectorial cluster management will eliminate structural imbalance in the process of management of sectorial clusters and increase effectiveness of their activities under the conditions of turbulent development of external environment.
Impact of cross-subsidization in electricity and heat energy on changing the behavior of participants in the wholesale and retail markets for electricity and heat
Authors: Linder N. , Trachuk A. V.
Published: October 2020

Electricity and heat are a commodity, the parameters of which are initially determined, therefore, it can be assumed that consumer behavior in the context of choosing a source of energy supply will be largely determined by the price of energy resources. However, when analyzing consumer behavior when making operational and investment decisions, it should be borne in mind that the current tariffs are distorted by the presence of cross-subsidization.