bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Sleep Hygiene among Saudi Community during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Alamri Hasan Saeed
Published: January 2022

Introduction:

The mental health of the general public is significantly affected due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aims to evaluate sleep hygiene during the COVID-19 pandemic among the general Saudi population.

Subjects and Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted to fulfil the study aim, and an electronic structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the participants. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a self-rated questionnaire, was used to assess sleep hygiene over a month, including the quality of sleep and sleep disturbances. A total of 1597 participants completed the survey, among which 871 (54.5%) were males. The age of participants ranged between 18 and 75 years.

Results:

The results showed that >30 min was required for 28.5% of the participants to fall asleep since last month. The sleep efficacy was <75% among 17.9% of the study participants, and 17.9% sleep for <7 h at night. The total PSQI score ranged from 0 to 20 points with a mean score of 5.8 ± 3.4. Nearly one out of each four participants had poor sleep quality, and about one out of each five participants had to take medication to fall asleep.

Conclusion:

Therefore, it is concluded that changes associated with lifestyle change COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown inversely affected public mental health and sleep hygiene.
Serum levels of soluble HLA-G correlate with disease activity in pediatric patients with Crohn's disease
Authors: Cansever Murat , Göktaş Mehmet Akif , Arslan Duran , Patiroğlu Türkan
Published: January 2022

Background:

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G, a member of the HLA family, is crucial for fetomaternal tolerance. Transmembrane or circulating/soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) is elevated in autoimmune conditions and the tumor microenvironment. Circulating sHLA-G levels and their association with disease activity have not yet been assessed in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to quantify the serum sHLA-G levels of pediatric patients with IBD and assess the association of serum sHLA-G with disease activity.

Methods:

We enrolled 24 pediatric IBD patients Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), n = 12 each] and 24 healthy controls. Based on the disease activity index, five and seven of the CD patients had mild and moderate/severe disease, respectively, whereas six of the UC patients were in remission and six had mild disease. Serum was collected and sHLA-G levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results:

Pediatric patients with CD had significantly higher sHLA-G levels compared with patients with UC and healthy controls. Notably, serum sHLA-G levels were significantly higher in patients with moderate/severe CD than in those with mild CD.

Conclusions:

Serum sHLA-G levels correlate with disease activity in pediatric patients with CD and are higher in CD patients than in UC patients. Thus, sHLA-G is a potential biomarker for disease activity in CD.
Methotrexate in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: AlAmeel Turki , Al Sulais Eman , Raine Tim
Published: January 2022

Methotrexate is an antineoplastic agent that is also used at lower doses for anti-inflammatory properties. Along with thiopurines (azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine), it has historically been an important part of pharmacological treatment for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Despite an increase in therapeutic options, these immunomodulators continue to play important roles in the management of inflammatory bowel disease, used either as a monotherapy in mild to moderate cases or in combination with monoclonal antibodies to prevent immunogenicity and maintain efficacy. In light of data linking the use of thiopurines with the risk of malignancies, methotrexate has regained attention as a potential alternative. In this article, we review data on the pharmacology, safety, and efficacy of methotrexate and discuss options for the positioning of methotrexate alone, or in combination, in therapeutic algorithms for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Wilson disease in children and young adults - State of the art
Authors: Chanpong Atchariya , Dhawan Anil
Published: January 2022

Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations of the ATP7B gene, with a reported prevalence of 1:30,000–50,000. ATP7B encodes an enzyme called transmembrane copper-transporting ATPase, which is essential for copper incorporation into ceruloplasmin and for copper excretion into the bile. A lack or dysfunction of this enzyme results in a progressive accumulation of copper in several organs, especially in the liver, the nervous system, corneas, kidneys, and heart. Children with WD can present with asymptomatic liver disease, cirrhosis, or acute liver failure, with or without neurological and psychiatric symptoms. Approximately 20%–30% of WD patients present with ALF, while most of the other patients have chronic progressive hepatitis or cirrhosis if untreated. Although genetic testing has become a more important diagnostic tool for WD, the diagnosis remains based on both clinical features and laboratory investigations. The aims of treatment are to reduce copper levels and prevent its accumulation in the liver and other organs, especially in the central nervous system. Liver transplantation in WD is a life-saving option for patients presenting with liver failure and encephalopathy. For WD patients treated with chelating agents, adherence to the therapy is essential for long-term success. In this review, we also address specific issues in young adults as compared to children.
Iron Deficiency Anemia Improved by Dental Implantation
Authors: Yamamoto Hidekazu , Wada Yoshiyuki , Ito Shogo , Kawase Takashi , Tamura Masato
Published: January 2022

Treatments for improving iron deficiency anemia are generally aimed at increasing oral iron intake and/or administration. Such treatments, however, have been unsuccessful in managing nutritional disorders, including anemia, in patients with masticatory dysfunction caused by impaired occlusion. Nevertheless, few studies have assessed the potential benefits of providing optimal occlusion in such cases. Here, we report a case involving a 53-year-old woman with iron deficiency anemia, wherein we attempted to facilitate efficient mastication by establishing functional occlusion with dental implant placement. The patient was diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia and hospitalized for blood transfusion 2 years before she visited our dental clinic. At the first visit, her hemoglobin (Hb) and mean corpuscular volume values were low; sodium ferrous citrate administration and dietary guidance led to slight improvement. However, blood transfusions and iron supplementation had been ineffective over longer duration. After dental implant placement, her Hb and mean corpuscular volume values were restored and maintained for >4 years without medication. Through this report, we highlight an alternative, non-pharmacological treatment strategy for iron deficiency anemia.
External Validation of 4C ISARIC Mortality Score in Critically ill COVID-19 Patients from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aletreby Waleed Tharwat , Mumtaz Shahzad Ahmad , Shahzad Saima Akhtar , Ahmed Intekhab , Alodat Mohammed Ali , Gharba Mohamed , Farea Zohdi Ahmed , Mady Ahmed Fouad , Mahmood Waqas , Mhawish Huda , Abdulmowla Majd Munia , Nasser Rehab Mohammed
Published: January 2022

Background:

ISARIC mortality score is a risk stratification tool that helps predict the in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients. However, this tool was developed and validated in a British population, and thus, the external validation of this tool in local populations is important.

Objectives:

External validation of the ISARIC mortality score in COVID-19 patients from a large Saudi Arabian intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods:

This is a retrospective study that included all adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU of King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from March 2020 to June 2021. Patients who were pregnant or had pulmonary tuberculosis/human immunodeficiency virus were excluded along with patients with missing variables. Data were collected to calculate the ISARIC mortality score and then fitting receiver operator characteristic curve against patients’ outcome.

Results:

A total of 1493 critically ill COVID-19 patients were included. The mortality was 38%, the area under the curve of the score was 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79–0.83, P < 0.001) and the cutoff value correctly classified 72.7% of the cohort. The cutoff value of >9 had sensitivity of 70.5% (95% CI: 66.6–74.3); specificity, 73.97% (95% CI: 71–76.8); positive predictive value, 62.4% (95% CI: 59.5–65.2) and negative predictive value, 80.2% (95% CI: 78.2–82.4).

Conclusion:

The ISARIC score was found to have excellent predictive ability for mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients in our Saudi Arabian cohort. A cutoff score of >9 was the optimal criterion.
NGAL/MMP-9 as a Biomarker for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Gupta Rohit Kumar , Dholariya Sagar , Radadiya Madhuri , Agarwal Pragati
Published: January 2022

Background:

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) are often diagnosed late due to lack of specific symptoms and efficient tumor markers. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin/matrix metallopeptidase-9 (NGAL/MMP-9) complex are involved in the development and progression of various cancers and have potential as a biomarker for diagnosing ovarian cancer.

Objectives:

To compare the serum NGAL/MMP-9 complex levels in patients with EOC, benign ovarian tumor, and healthy controls, and determine the potential cut-off values of NGAL/MMP-9 complex for diagnosing EOC.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 50 patients each with EOC and benign ovarian tumor, along with 50 age-matched healthy controls (N = 150). The level of serum NGAL/MMP-9 complex was estimated based on sandwich ELISA. The mean and median of the three groups were compared, and the ROC curve was used to determine the optimum cut-off, sensitivity, and specificity of serum NGAL/MMP-9 complex levels in the diagnosis of EOC.

Results:

A significant difference was found in the median values of the NGAL/MMP-9 complex (malignant EOC: 67.5 ng/ml, benign ovarian tumor: 53.7 ng/ml, controls: 29.2 ng/ml; P < 0.01). NGAL/MMP-9 complex level was also significantly associated with the FIGO staging (Stages I and II: 42.9 ng/ml; Stages III and IV: 70.5 ng/ml; P < 0.003). At a 55.0 ng/ml cut-off value, the NGAL/MMP-9 complex had 82.0% sensitivity and 78.0% specificity in diagnosing EOC.

Conclusion:

The NGAL/MMP-9 complex may be a promising biomarker for determining the progression of EOC as well as in detecting advanced-stage ovarian cancer.
Działalność kasztelana krakowskiego Spytka Jarosławskiego (około 1451–1519) w dziedzicznym Jarosławiu i jej wpływ na późniejszy rozwój miasta
Authors: Kus Józef
Published: January 2022

W artykule omówiona została działalność gospodarcza właściciela Jarosławia, kasztelana krakowskiego Spytka Jarosławskiego (około 1436–1519). Autor przedstawia jego działania podjęte w celu stworzenia z miasta centralnego ośrodka posiadanych dóbr ziemskich oraz ich wpływ na rozwój Jarosławia w czasach, gdy władał nim Spytek, jak też w okresie późniejszym. The Activities of the Krakow Castellan Spytek Jarosławski (ca. 1451–1519) in Hereditary Jarosław and Their Impact of the Subsequent Development of the Town The paper discusses the economic activities of Spytek Jarosławski (Spytek of Jarosław) in his hereditary town of Jarosław. Spytek was the most eminent representative of the Jarosław line of the Leliwite family (i.e. bearers of the Leliwa coat of arms). He began his career before 1461 at the royal court in the service of King Casimir Jagiellon (Kazimierz Jagiellończyk), obtaining successive offices, which culminated in the highest secular dignity – the Castellan of Krakow. These successive appointments were rewards for his commitment to political activity for the kings. In his hereditary estate he was a good administrator. During his rule in Jarosław, a number of public buildings and foundations came into existence. In 1479 Spytek confirmed the old rights and privileges of the Jarosław burghers and granted them new ones. The period of Spytek Jarosławski’s rule in Jarosław brought about the town’s development in all fields of life. During that time, Jarosław became also a major trading center of supraregional importance in Red Rus’. For the Jarosław Leliwites, the town became the capital of their feudal “state” with their own clerks, vassals, and army. That “state” was a kind of model for later magnate latifundia. Moreover, Spytek Jarosławski, with his brother Rafał, who resided in nearby Przeworsk, founded in 1470the first family (Jarosław-Przeworsk) entail in Poland.
Василіянське чернецтво перемишльської єпархії: просопографічні характеристики (1739–1783 роки)
Authors: Stecyk Jurij
Published: January 2022

W artykule autor zaprezentował wyniki badań prozopograficznych nad bazylianami z eparchii przemyskiej z klasztorów działających w latach 1739–1783. Omówione zostały pochodzenie, wykształcenie świeckie, wiek, etapy formacji duchowej i intelektualnej, mobilność, obowiązki monastyczne i kościelne członków badanej grupy. Do artykułu dołączono materiał statystyczno-pomocniczy

Basilians of the Przemyśl Eparchy in 1739–1783. A Prosopographic Description

The article stresses the importance of prosopographic studies on the characteristics of the monasticism of the Basilians (Basilian Fathers) of the Przemyśl eparchy (the origin, secular education, age, stages of spiritual and intellectual formation, mobility, monastic and church duties). The paper defines the source base of the studies (catalogues of monasteries and monks, the manuscript catalog of the biographies of Basilian monasticism). The text presents a survey of the achievements of Ukrainian and Polish church historiography with regards to the issues of prosopographic studies, and investigates the dynamics of the Basilian monasteries and their inhabitants in the context of the entry of the ascetic communities in the Przemyśl diocese into the monastic Province of the Holy Protection of the Mother of God›s Order of St. Basil the Great. The author traces the process of reorganization of monastic centers in the Przemyśl diocese in the second half of the 18th century and specifies the consequences of the closedown of small monasteries. Attention is drawn to the numerical and qualitative composition of the monastic Przemyśl Province as of 1783. The paper defines the prospective direction of further research: to find and edit the catalogues of the manuscripts of monasticism. Appended to the article is the statistical and auxiliary material: Appendix I. Dynamics of the number of Basilian monasteries and numerical strength of monasticism in the Przemyśl diocese (1739–1783); Appendix II. A Report on the personal composition of the Basilian monasteries in the Chełm diocese, which became part of the monastic Przemyśl Province on 23 July 1783; Appendix III. A Comparative table of the number of monks as of 12 June 1783.
Rola digitalizacji zasobów archiwalnych
Authors: Kędzierska Marzanna
Published: January 2022

Artykuł przedstawia cele digitalizacji prowadzonej w archiwach państwowych. Autorka wskazuje, w jaki sposób realizacja działań związanych z cyfryzacją okazuje się skuteczna i potrzebna w bardzo szerokim zakresie – w odniesieniu zarówno do dziedzictwa kulturowego zgromadzonego w państwowych instytucjach, jak i digitalizacji oddolnej, powstającej z inicjatywy archiwów społecznych czy osób prywatnych w ramach istnienia forów oraz tematycznych stron internetowych. Słowa kluczowe: cele digitalizacji, archiwum, kopia cyfrowa, oryginał, zabezpieczanie, popularyzacja, udostępnianie, archiwa społeczne

The Role of Digitalization of Archival and Library Resources in the Contemporary World

The paper discusses the issues of digitalization of archival resources and the role of digital copies both in the area of protecting national heritage against destruction and also in popularizing the activities of institutions that create such reproductions, and in social life in general. The texts lists the objectives of digitalization defined by the Director General of State Archives and discusses them in brief, presenting only an outline of the broad extent of benefits provided by the sharing of digital versions of their collections by state institutions as well as community archives and private collectors, which translates into popularization of digitalized materials. The study also points out the limitations in sharing digital copies related to the personal data protection and other regulations that do not permit unrestricted publication.
The next part of the paper contains a discussion on the value of digital reproduction compared to the original. The author stresses that a digital copy is not equal to the original, which is a priceless value in itself. However, advanced technologies enable a much broader use of a copy, and in some cases, additionally, make it possible to extract from the original the information that is inaccessible or invisible to the naked eye of an ordinary user.
The text closes with the issues related to the universality of recording and reading digitalized materials, and to the space that should be provided for the increasing digital resources, and, consequently, the accompanying financial outlays.
The issues examined in this study are broad enough to require in-depth research and a separate publication. That is why it does not aspire to exhaust the subject. The growing popularity of digital reproductions in each area of life provokes, however, discussion on this problem.
Keywords: digitalization objectives, archives, digital copy, original, protection, popularization, sharing, community archives
Case Study of Insufficient Resistance to Mining Impacts of the Industrial Transport Gallery
Authors: Kocot Wojciech , Wodyński Aleksander
Published: January 2022

The article presents an example of a transport gallery, which resistance to mining impacts proved to be not enough. In the first part of the article, there are given the principles which should be followed by this type of structures. The second part presents a of the gallery’s structure and also the analysis of the reasons for too low resistance of the objectdescription to mining influences. It has been shown that these reasons are design, execution and exploitation errors. In turn, there are presented procedures which are leading to the assurance of the resistance of the transport gallery in accordance with design assumptions. In summary, conclusions and recommendations which are formulated should be taken into account at the stage of design, erection and during exploitation of transport galleries in the industrial plants localized in mining areas.

ANALIZA PRZYPADKU NIEWYSTARCZAJĄCEJ ODPORNOŚCI NA WPŁYWY GÓRNICZE PRZEMYSŁOWEJ GALERII TRANSPORTOWEJ

W artykule przedstawiono przykład galerii transportowej, której odporność na wpływy górnicze okazała się niewystarczająca. W pierwszej części artykułu podano zasady, jakim powinny odpowiadać tego typu obiekty budowlane. W części drugiej przedstawiono opis konstrukcji przedmiotowej galerii oraz przeanalizowano przyczyny zbyt niskiej odporności obiektu na wpływy górnicze. Wykazano, że są to zarówno błędy projektowe, jak i wykonawcze oraz eksploatacyjne. Z kolei przedstawiono zabiegi zmierzające do zapewnienia galerii transportowej odporności zgodnej z założeniami projektowymi. W podsumowaniu sformułowano wnioski i zalecenia, które powinny być uwzględniane na etapie projektowania i budowy oraz podczas eksploatacji galerii transportowych w zakładach przemysłowych usytuowanych na terenach górniczych.
Masque(s) et cinéma européen
Authors: Podvin Virginie
Published: January 2022

Mask(s) and European Cinema The aim of this study is to question the links between Mask, Cinema and Europe. The five films selected are Three Colours: Blue from Kieślowski, Crazy Pierrot from Godard, Strada from Fellini, Death in Venice from Visconti, Wings of Desire from Wenders. These movies exhibit a particular type of mask: the mask without mask. Mask obtained by light or make-up, it seems to express the character’s aspiration for an elsewhere.
Le masque dans la revue Documents (1929-1930)
Authors: Swoboda Tomasz
Published: January 2022

Masks in Documents (1929-1930), an illustrated magazine

The masks in Documents should be read in a broad context, which goes beyond the columns of the journal to also embrace the birth of ethnology in France, the surrealist neighborhood but also the years to come, which will hardly see the development of ideas sketched in the magazine. At the same time, the presence of the masks highlights the disparate character of the journal itself, where the more or less ethnological texts devoted to the masks of traditional societies respond to much less academic articles in which the mask slips in the direction of the strange and monstrous. This allows to deconstruct Western aesthetics and, first and foremost, the human figure as its most codified and, therefore, most untouchable expression. The mask can even be considered as the embodiment of the concept of disparity which seems to govern the counter-aesthetic of the journal. Finally, the mask is emblematic of the internal gap in the journal, that between ethnologists and poets, or between academicism and subversion.
Tannhäuser réhabilité (VI) – « La Quatrième » devant la presse parisienne – le snobisme et l’enthousiasme
Authors: Mrozowicki Michał Piotr
Published: January 2022

« La quatrième »’s image in the parisian press – the snobbery and the enthusiasm

The greatest star of the Parisian Tannhäuser’s performances in 1895 was Ernest Van Dyck in the title role. According to the Parisian press this production of Wagner’s work owed its success mainly to this Belgian tenor. However after his departure from Paris, and after some other changes of the cast that took place rather rapidly (still in the summer 1895), the performances’ artistic level hasn’t decreased in a significant way, and the work, played continuously until December 15th, 1913, was always highly appreciated by the French audience. Were the enthusiastic reactions of the Parisian public at the turn of the XIXth and XXth centuries to Wagner’s Tannhäuser and his other operas and musical dramas sincere and spontaneous? What was the part of the snobbery in Wagner’s reception in France during La Belle Époque? That was the question asked by some French journalists (Heugel, Maret, Doumic, Coppée and others). The author of the article recalls Georges Rodenbach’s Solomonic answer to this question presented in his text Tannhäuser et le snobisme.
Klub Demokratycznej Profesury w Poznaniu w latach (1949) – 1950-1953
Authors: Matysiak Jarosław
Published: January 2022

Artykuł przedstawia organizację i działalność Klubu Demokratycznej Profesury w Poznaniu w latach 1950-1953. Funkcjonowanie Klubu było częścią planu władz komunistycznych, które po zdobyciu władzy w Polsce po II wojnie światowej dążyły do podporządkowania sobie szkół wyższych i kadry naukowej, nie tylko poprzez zarządzenia administracyjne, ale także poprzez działalność różnego rodzaju towarzystw, organizacji i stowarzyszeń, które miały za zadanie gromadzić wykładowców oraz badaczy i kształtować ich w duchu socjalistycznym. Za pomocą tych towarzystw i organizacji planowano uzyskać w środowisku akademickim przychylność i poparcie dla zmian, które zachodziły w kraju. Autor omówił kulisy powstania Klubu Demokratycznej Profesury w Poznaniu, ukonstytuowanie się Zarządu oraz różne formy działalności stowarzyszenia: wykłady, odczyty, pogadanki, prelekcje, zebrania i posiedzenia dyskusyjne (przeważnie dotyczące dorobku naukowego ZSRR i metodologii marksistowsko-leninowskiej) oraz działalność socjalną na rzecz członków Klubu w okresie, kiedy przewodniczącymi byli profesorowie Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego - Stefan Błachowski i Zdzisław Kaczmarczyk.

The Democratic Professors’ Club in Poznań in the years (1949) – 1950-1953

The article presents the organization and the activity of the Democratic Professors’ Club in Poznań in the years 1950–1953. The functioning of the Club was a part of the communist authorities’ plan. After their rise to power in Poland after the Second World War, they aimed at subordinating universities and academic staff not only through administrative decisions, but also through the activity of various clubs, organizations and associations, which were supposed to gather lecturers and academics and educate them in the socialist spirit. Those clubs and associations were supposed to encourage the academic environment to support changes which were being introduced in the country. The author discusses the creation of the Democratic Professors’ Club in Poznań, the establishment of its Board, as well as various forms of the society’s activity: lectures, talks, seminars, workshops, meetings and discussions (usually concerning the academic achievements of the USSR, and Marxist and Leninist methodology) and the social activity of Club members in the period when it was headed by Stefan Błachowski and Zdzisław Kaczmarczyk, professors at Poznań University.
Wzorce zawierania małżeństw w dziewiętnastowiecznym Poznaniu
Authors: Kamińska Natalia
Published: January 2022

Celem pracy była charakterystyka wzorców zawierania małżeństw oraz ich różnorakich uwarunkowań w Poznaniu drugiej połowy XIX w. Wykorzystano urzędowe księgi małżeństw obwodu Piotrowo za lata 1874-1899. Na terenie objętym przez USC Piotrowo przeważały małżeństwa zawarte po raz pierwszy, czyli pomiędzy kawalerami i pannami. Stanowiły one przeszło 73 proc. wszystkich małżeństw. Kolejną grupą były związki kawalerów z wdowami oraz wdowców z pannami: odpowiednio ponad 6 proc. i 5 proc. całości materiału. W USC Piotrowo panny wychodzące za mąż za kawalerów miały średnio prawie 23 lata, zaś za wdowców były o ponad cztery lata starsze. Kawalerowie żenili się z pannami w wieku średnio 25,5 lat, natomiast z wdowami w wieku nieco ponad 27 lat. Wdowcy żeniący się z pannami mieli średnio 38 lat zaś ci wiążący się z wdowami o ponad dziesięć lat więcej. Wdowy wychodzące za mąż za kawalerów liczyły w chwili ślubu nieco ponad 27 lat. W poznańskim obwodzie Piotrowo o doborze partnerów wstępujących w związek małżeński decydował ich wiek, wykształcenie i pozycja społeczna.

The patterns of concluding marriages in Poznań in the 19th century

The aim of the paper is to describe patterns of concluding marriages and various factors affecting them in Poznań in the second half of the 19th century. In order to do so, registrar’s marriage books from the Piotrowo district for the years 1874–1899 were used. In the area covered by the Piotrowo Registrar Office, first marriages dominated, i.e. ones concluded between bachelors and maidens. They comprised over 73% of all marriages concluded. Another group were marriages between bachelors and widows and widowers and maidens – 6% and 5% of all marriages, respectively. In the Piotrowo Registrar Office, on the day of marriage, maidens marrying bachelors were 23 years old on average, while those marrying widowers were 27. Bachelors married maidens at the age of 25.5 on average, while those who married widows were slightly above 27. Widowers who married maidens were on average 38 years old, while those marrying widows – 48. Widows who married bachelors were slightly above 27 years old on the day of marriage. In the Piotrowo district of Poznań, the factors that influenced the choice of the spouse included age, education and social position.
Utracony księgozbiór ks. Stanisława Kozierowskiego
Authors: Janeczek Michał
Published: January 2022

O ks. Stanisławie Kozierowskim, jednym z najbardziej zasłużonych naukowców wielkopolskich, powstało wiele artykułów. Badaczy interesował w szczególności życiorys jednego z założycieli poznańskiego Uniwersytetu, inspirował niezwykły dorobek onomastyczny i genealogiczny, pociągał portret psychologiczny człowieka, który bez reszty poświęcił się pracy twórczej. Bardzo mało uwagi poświęcali natomiast wielkiej kolekcji książek, która rozsławiła imię Kozierowskiego na równi z jego dorobkiem naukowym. Tuż przed śmiercią przekazał on całą bibliotekę Archiwum Państwowemu w Poznaniu, które w czasie wojny poniosło dotkliwe straty materialne. Wśród blisko 7000 tomów znajdowało się kilkadziesiąt starodruków. Na skutek decyzji dawnych władz Archiwum o relokacji książek poznańska placówka na zawsze utraciła także te najcenniejsze materiały. W niniejszym artykule ukazano kulisy owej donacji, a także podjęto próbę ustalenia obecnej lokalizacji starodruków. Integralną częścią artykułu jest bibliograficzny spis zabytkowych książek należących w przeszłości do Kozierowskiego, który być może ułatwi odnalezienie 26 dzieł z tejże listy.

Father Stanisław Kozierowski’s lost book collection

Much has been written about father Stanisław Kozierowski, one of the most distinguished scientists of Greater Poland. Scholars were mainly interested in his biography as one of the founding fathers of the Poznań University, inspired by his extraordinary achievements in the fields of onomastics and genealogy, and attracted by the personality of a man who dedicated his whole life to creative work. Little attention was paid to the large book collection, which Kozierowski was famous for almost as much as for his scientific achievements. Right before his death, he donated his book collection to the National Archive in Poznań, which suffered great losses during the war. Among nearly 7000 volumes, there were several dozen old prints. Following the decision of the Archive’s former authorities to relocate the collection, the Poznań branch lost these items, including the most valuable ones, forever. This article presents the story behind this donation and attempts to establish where these old prints are at the moment. A bibliographical list of historic books from the Kozierowski collection is an essential part of the article, and might aid researchers in finding 26 items from the list.
Kwestia „korytarza suwalskiego” w świetle materiałów z polskiej prasy: lata 2001-2002
Authors: Jaśkowska-Józefiak Zuzanna
Published: January 2022

Tematem opracowania jest projekt utworzenia „korytarza suwalskiego” – eksterytorialnej trasy prowadzącej od Kaliningradu na Białoruś przez terytorium Polski. Artykuł obejmuje lata 2001- -2002, kiedy to pomysł powrócił przy okazji domykania negocjacji związanych z akcesją Polski do Unii Europejskiej. Analizie poddano artykuły prasowe ukazujące się w najbardziej poczytnych polskich dziennikach danego okresu. Podsumowaniem tekstu jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy projekt utworzenia eksterytorialnego korytarza przez terytoria Polski miał szansę na realizację.

The problem of the “Suwałki corridor” according to the Polish press from the years 2001 and 2002

The article presents the idea to create an extraterritorial route from Kaliningrad to Belarus through the territory of Poland, called the “Suwałki corridor”. The article focuses on the years 2001 and 2002, when the idea returned due to the conclusion of negotiations related to Poland’s accession to the European Union. Press articles from the most popular daily newspapers in this period were analyzed. In its conclusion, the article attempts to answer the question whether the project of creating an extraterritorial corridor in Poland had any chance of implementation.
Uzarzewo we wspomnieniach Stefana Stablewskiego
Authors: Smolnicki Marcin
Published: January 2022

Wspomnienia osobiste osnute na tle 25 siedzib ziemiańskich w Wielkopolsce to spisany w 1969 roku pamiętnik Stefana Stablewskiego – rotmistrza dyplomowanego Wojska Polskiego. Publikowany fragment dotyczy Uzarzewa, wsi położonej kilka kilometrów od Swarzędza, która w czasach współczesnych autorowi stanowiła majątek rodziny Żychlińskich. Kontakty Stablewskiego z Uzarzewem rozpoczęły się w 1904 roku, natomiast ostatnie przywołane w tekście wspomnienia pochodzą z roku 1945. Krótką informację architektoniczną na temat eklektycznego pałacu w Uzarzewie sporządził autorowi Piotr Chłapowski. Stablewski przekazał ją w pamiętniku i wzbogacił swoimi wrażeniami m.in. na temat położenia budynku oraz przedstawił jego mieszkańców, przywołując chociażby postać Zenobii Żychlińskiej. Stablewski przytoczył liczne anegdoty z życia w okolicy, jak również opisał swoje przeżycia z czasów I i II wojny światowej.

Uzarzewo in the memoirs of Stefan Stablewski

The memoir of Stefan Stablewski (written in 1969), a Polish Cavalry Captain, include recollections on twenty-five rural estates in Greater Poland. The part discussed in the article concerns Uzarzewo, a village located several kilometers from Swarzędz, which was part of the Żychliński family estate in Stablewski’s times. Stablewski’s relationship with Uzarzewo started in 1904, and the last recollections included in the memoir are from 1945. Piotr Chłapowski prepared a short note on the architecture of the eclectic palace in Uzarzewo. Stablewski included this in his memoir, and complemented it with his own reflections, e.g. on the location of the building and on its residents, such as Zenobia Żychlińska. Stablewski recalled various anecdotes from the local life and described his own experiences from the period of the First and Second World Wars.
Rola infrastruktury transportu jako jednego z czynników rozwoju regionalnego
Authors: Majewski Jakub
Published: January 2022

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest prezentacja miejsca infrastruktury transportowej w programowaniu rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego oraz analiza charakteru i roli tego czynnika w wybranych teoriach rozwoju regionalnego. Pierwsza część pracy opisuje metodę badań oraz wykorzystywane źródła. Część druga zawiera syntetyczny przegląd literatury z zakresu ekonomiki transportu i wskazuje na elementy kluczowe z punktu widzenia rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego oraz, co za tym idzie, zainteresowania władz publicznych. W części trzeciej opisana jest dyskusja tocząca się wokół oczekiwanej roli inwestycji infrastrukturalnych oraz ich miejsca w wybranych koncepcjach rozwoju regionalnego. Koncentruje się ona wokół dylematu „wyprzedzającego”, bądź „wtórnego” modelu rozbudowy infrastruktury, a także roli tego zagadnienia na tle innych czynników rozwoju regionalnego. Całość zamyka podsumowanie, które zawiera wnioski na temat roli sfery transportu we wspieraniu rozwoju regionów oraz konkluzję, zgodnie z którą infrastruktura transportu stanowi element niezbędny do kreowania dostępności i równolegle wewnętrznego potencjału regionów. The role of transport infrastructure as one of the regional development indicators The aim of this paper is to present the place of transport infrastructure in socio-economic development programming and to analyse the nature and role of this factor in selected theories of regional development. The first part of the paper describes the research method and sources used. The second part contains a synthetic review of the literature on transport economics and indicates the key elements from the point of view of socio-economic development and, consequently, the interest of public authorities. The third part describes the discussion on the expected role of infrastructure investments and their place in selected concepts of regional development. It focuses on the dilemma of the “anticipatory” or “secondary” model of infrastructure development and the role of this issue against the background of other regional development factors. The book closes with a conclusion on the role of the transport sphere in supporting regional development and the conclusion that transport infrastructure is an indispensable element in creating accessibility and, in parallel, the internal potential of regions.
Dostępność transportowa wybranych ośrodków miejskich Pomorza Środkowego z uwzględnieniem zjawiska wykluczenia komunikacyjnego
Authors: Parol Adam R.
Published: January 2022

W artykule podjęto tematykę dostępności komunikacyjnej ośrodków władzy powiatowej bądź im równoważnych z poziomu miejscowości będących siedzibami urzędu gminy. Obszarem badań było Pomorze Środkowe. Wskazano obszary o różnym stopniu rozwinięcia oferty przewozowej między branymi pod uwagę ośrodkami w kontekście zgodności rzeczywistych ciążeń komunikacyjnych z istniejącym podziałem administracyjnym na poziomie powiatowym, jak również w celu wskazania obszarów wykluczonych transportowo. Odniesiono się do roli miast w sieci osadniczej jako ośrodków oferujących konkretne dobra i usługi, do których lokalna społeczność udaje się celem nabycia, nie zamykając się jednocześnie w ramach istniejącego podziału administracyjnego. Na potrzeby opracowania skonstruowano wskaźniki powiązań komunikacyjnych oraz rangi miast. Rezultaty postępowania badawczego okazały się być zgodne ze sformułowaniami zawartymi w innych opracowaniach naukowych podejmujących tę tematykę, choć były one bardziej dokładne i aktualne. Zawarte w artykule wnioski, szczególnie dotyczące korekt w podziale terytorialnym w celu dopasowania jego granic do rzeczywistych powiązań, mogą pełnić rolę sugestii dla decydentów w zakresie kształtowania polityki transportowej w regionie oraz dla osób odpowiedzialnych za przestrzenny wymiar administracji państwowej. Transport accessibility of selected towns in the Middle Pomerania region including the phenomenon of the transport exclusion This article brings up the issue of the transport accessibility of the capital cities or their equivalents on the county level. The Middle Pomerania region was taken as a research area. Some of these regions were pointed as to show the different level of the transport offer. The aim was to present the context of compatibility between functional linkages and existing administrative division on the county level, but also to find areas excluded in public transport system. The role of the towns in the settlement system was referred to places that offer selected goods and services which local community needs and have to travel in order to acquire them, with no-closing within the framework of the existing administrative division. For the purposes of the article the indicators of communication linkages and town ranks were constructed. The results of the research procedure turned out to be compatible with the wordings contained in other scientific studies dealing with this topic, but they were taken more precisely and up-to-date. Conclusions contained in this paper, especially regarding corrections in the territorial division to adjust its borders to actual linkages, may be used as a suggestions for people responsible for moulding transport policy in the region and for spatial dimension of state administration.
Wpływ zmiany pełnionych funkcji na fizjonomię portu w Ustce
Authors: Michalski Tomasz
Published: January 2022

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wpływu zmiany funkcji pełnionych przez port w Ustce na jego fizjonomię. Analiza funkcjonalna dotyczy głównie okresu 2016-2019. Natomiast analizę fizjonomii przeprowadzono dla 2021 r. Stwierdzono, że podstawowa dla portów funkcja przeładunkowa jest w Ustce pełniona w minimalnym stopniu. Funkcja turystyki morskiej jest realizowana w stopniu niewystarczającym (brak mariny jachtowej), a żeglugi pasażerskiej nie jest realizowana. Port pełni nadal funkcję rybołówstwa i wędkarstwa rekreacyjnego, ale w stopniu mniejszym, niż w przeszłości. Działalność produkcyjna na terenie portu nie jest już prowadzona, chociaż w przeszłości była realizowana na dużą skalę. Istnieje szansa, że w porcie rozwinie się funkcja związana z konserwacją i eksploatacją farm wiatrowych. Obecnie w porcie rozwijają się silnie funkcja turystyczna (gastronomia, hotele itd.) oraz mieszkaniowa. Wprowadzenie tej ostatniej funkcji do portu uznano za błąd. Zmiany funkcji powodują zmiany w fizjonomii portu. Znikają obiekty przemysłowe i przeładunkowe, a na ich miejsce pojawiają się obiekty z funkcją hotelową i gastronomiczną oraz mieszkaniowe, aczkolwiek zmiany te zachodzą z dużym opóźnieniem.

The impact of changes in the performed functions on the physiognomy of the port in Ustka

The aim of the article is to present the impact of changes in the functions performed by the port in Ustka on its physiognomy. The functional analysis mainly covers the period of 2016-2019, while the analysis of the physiognomy was conducted for 2021. It was found that the basic trans-shipment function is played to a minimum extent in Ustka. The function of sea tourism is insufficiently realized (no yacht marina), and the function of passenger shipping is not performed. The function of recreational fishing and angling is still performed by the port, but to a lesser extent than in the past. There is no longer any production activity in the port area, although in the past it was carried out on a large scale. There is a chance that the port will develop a function related to the maintenance and operation of wind farms. On the other hand, the tourist function (gastronomy, hotels, etc.) and housing are strongly developing in the port. Introducing the latter function into the port was considered a mistake. Changes in functions result in changes to the port physiognomy. Industrial and trans-shipment facilities are disappearing and replaced with hotel, catering and residential facilities. However, these changes are long delayed.
Poles in Seattle 1890–2020: Continuity and Change
Authors: Praszałowicz Dorota
Published: January 2022

The text presents the preliminary results of the ongoing research on the Polish American community in Seattle, Washington. So far overlooked by the historians of the Polish American experience, the local group differs significantly from other centers of the Polish diaspora in the US. Poles settled in the Pacific Northwest from the late nineteenth century onward, and they developed in the city and around it a strong community that is internally diversified. In Seattle they were confronted with German, Irish, and Jewish groups, as was the case in other American cities, but also with other immigrants, for example with numerous Asians, Nordic people, Croatians, and Bulgarians. Contrary to the patterns of the Polish American community building, there has never been a Polish neighborhood in the city, and the Polish Roman Catholic parish was founded in Seattle as late as 1989. In fact, the parish never gained a crucial importance in the local ethnic community, and presently, as it used to be in the past, the immigrant life is organized around the Polish Home that was launched by the pioneer immigrants in 1918/1920. Many descendants of the earlier immigrant generations participate in the events initiated in Seattle by Poles who arrived in the last decades, and several recent immigrants became involved in the Polish Home Association. Moreover, web platforms – new forms of ethnic connection that developed in the last decades, contribute to the increase of the bonding social capital within the Polish group.
Selected Geographical and Tourist Aspects in the Assessment of the Quality and Standard of Living of Polonia in the Greater Toronto Area
Authors: Ziółkowska-Weiss Kamila
Published: January 2022

The quality of life is commonly referred to as a determinant of well-being, contentment, happiness or a sense of satisfaction with one’s own existence. Often used interchangeably with the level, conditions or standard of living. Quality of life is the satisfaction of meeting all human needs. The main aim of this research is to determine the level and quality of life in terms of tourism by the Polish community living in the Greater Toronto Area, which includes the city of Toronto and four regions: Halton, Peel, York and Durham.The article will present its own model of objective factors (standard of living) and subjective factors (life quality) interacting with each other with a particular emphasis on geographic and tourism aspects. The main aim of this article is to show how the Polish community living in the Greater Toronto Area assesses the aspects related to tourism management in the city. The results of the study will be presented on the basis of a survey questionnaire conducted on 583 respondents. The respondents assessed, among other things, whether they were satisfied with the conditions of rest and relaxation in this city, public transport and the environmental quality. Respondents were also asked to evaluate the activity of Polish travel agencies operating in the Greater Toronto Area. The study will also address matters related to improving the quality of life and tourism development in the city. As indicated by the respondents, such activities as supporting existing tourist activities, expansion of bicycle paths or increasing sports and recreational infrastructure (i.e. construction projects of swimming pools, tennis courts) are the main needs in the city, which could contribute to the higher rated aspects of Toronto related to tourism. Data will be presented showing that in the Polish community in the last twelve months their household had enough income to cover the costs related to leisure, vacations, holidays or school breaks.
New York, the Mecca of the Art World. Initial Study on Polish Migrant Artists who Left for the United States, 1986–1995
Authors: Rudek-Śmiechowska Anna
Published: January 2022

The paper strives to characterize the circle of Polish visual artists who left for the United States in the late 20th century and settled in New York City, where they continued their careers. For the purposes of the paper, the subject matter has been focused on an excerpt from an ample research problem i.e. the analysis of the history of the Polish American Artists Society (PAAS,) operating in New York from 1986 through 1995. Their activities form the basis for the analysis and constitute a database to construct a more profound picture of the organization. Therefore, the years in which PAAS operated shall also constitute the paper’s framework. To foster simplicity, the term ‘artist’ and ‘artists’ shall be used to refer to visual artists born in Poland who came to New York City mainly in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, permanently resided in the United States, and worked as visual artists, regardless of the technique they adopted, be it painters, sculptors, photographers, graphic artists, illustrators, performers, artistic fabric weavers, or video artists. The paper uses their micro-stories to illustrate the phenomenon behind the prolific community of Polish artists in New York City from 1986 through 1995. It is based on research on PAAS, which has become the basis for a monographic book about the Society.
Organized Immigrant Resources and Aspirations at the City Level of the Host Country – the Case of Casa do Brasil de Lisboa
Authors: Gąsior Magdalena
Published: January 2022

This article looks at the Brazilian migrant association founded in 1992, functioning in the capital of Portugal, Casa do Brasil de Lisboa. Its origin is connected to the period of the first numerous stream of Brazilians coming to Portugal, the colonizer of their homeland in former times. Knowing that migrant networks are of great value to the process of immigrants’ integration into a host society – and a local community as well – Casa do Brasil de Lisboa is very active in this field. For instance, in partnership with the Lisbon City Council, this association offers guidance on the legalization of stay, and access to public and private services in Portugal. However, a large number of tasks undertaken by Casa do Brasil de Lisboa go far beyond this kind of guidance. Two editions of the project Migrante Participa (Migrant Participates) are a clear illustration of it. Each edition created opportunities to meet, gain knowledge, and share opinions on migratory process issues in the context of Portugal and Lisbon as well, encouraging political participation at the local level, for example. Casa do Brasil de Lisboa is also active in the field of culture, promoting Brazilian artists. What is more, this association is not closed for other nationalities and collaborates with various entities. To be more specific, therefore, the focus of this text is on presenting Casa do Brasil de Lisboa as a dynamic immigrant association working on increasing the level of integration and reducing the phenomenon of individual marginalization within the Lisbon community. As a theoretical framework of this text serves the concept of immigrants’ integration of Rinus Penninx.