bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction model for an early revision for dislocation after primary total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Pakarinen Oskari , Karsikas Mari , Reito Aleksi , Lainiala Olli , Neuvonen Perttu , Eskelinen Antti
Published: September 2022

Dislocation is one of the most common complications after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). Several patient-related risk factors for dislocation have been reported in the previous literature, but only few prediction models for dislocation have been made. Our aim was to build a prediction model for an early (within the first 2 years) revision for dislocation after primary THA using two different statistical methods. The study data constituted of 37 pre- or perioperative variables and postoperative follow-up data of 16 454 primary THAs performed at our institution in 2008–2021. Model I was a traditional logistic regression model and Model II was based on the elastic net method that utilizes machine learning. The models’ overall performance was measured using the pseudo R2 values. The discrimination of the models was measured using C-index in Model I and Area Under the Curve (AUC) in Model II. Calibration curves were made for both models. At 2 years postoperatively, 95 hips (0.6% prevalence) had been revised for dislocation. The pseudo R2 values were 0.04 in Model I and 0.02 in Model II indicating low predictive capability in both models. The C-index in Model I was 0.67 and the AUC in Model II was 0.73 indicating modest discrimination. The prediction of an early revision for dislocation after primary THA is difficult even in a large cohort of patients with detailed data available because of the reasonably low prevalence and multifactorial nature of dislocation. Therefore, the risk of dislocation should be kept in mind in every primary THA, whether the patient has predisposing factors for dislocation or not. Further, when conducting a prediction model, sophisticated methods that utilize machine learning may not necessarily offer significant advantage over traditional statistical methods in clinical setup.
Is maternal defensiveness of Gyr cows (Bos taurus indicus) related to parity and cows’ behaviors during the peripartum period?
Authors: Vicentini Rogério Ribeiro , El Faro Lenira , Ujita Aska , Lima Maria Lúcia Pereira , Oliveira André Penido , Sant’Anna Aline Cristina
Published: September 2022

The maternal care of cows can influence both the milk production and the performance of their calves, making this a topic of important relevance for the production industry that uses zebu cattle. The aims of this study were to 1) investigate the effects of parity on the behaviors of Gyr cows during the peripartum period; 2) characterize the maternal defensiveness of primiparous and multiparous cows towards handlers during the first handling of their calves; and 3) evaluate the relationships between cows’ behaviors at the peripartum period and maternal defensiveness. Thirty-one Gyr cows (primiparous and multiparous), from Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (Brazil), were used. The animals were placed in a maternity paddock monitored by video cameras. The behaviors of the animals were collected in four periods: Pre-calving, Post-calving, First handling of calf and Post-handling. Primiparous cows presented more pain signs, reflected in arched spine (P = 0.05), and tended to move more (P = 0.07) than the multiparous in the Pre-calving period. Trends were observed for both Maternal Composite Score (P = 0.06) and Maternal Protective Behavior score (P = 0.06), indicating that both primiparous and multiparous were protective, but only multiparous cows were aggressive toward the caretakers on the first handling of their calves. The most protective cows spent more time eating during the prepartum period (P = 0.03), while the least attentive cows spent more time lying down (P = 0.02) in the prepartum period. The cows who nursed and stimulated their calves more were also calmer (P = 0.02) and more attentive (P = 0.01). In conclusion, the peripartum behaviors of Gyr cows were related to maternal care and maternal defensiveness. Multiparous cows tended to be more aggressive than primiparous cows at the time of the first handling of their calves.
Correlation of alpha-1 antitrypsin levels and exosome associated neutrophil elastase endothelial injury in subjects with SARS-CoV2 infection
Authors: Lascano Jorge , Oshins Regina , Eagan Christina , Wadood Zerka , Qiang Xiao , Flagg Tammy , Scindia Yogesh , Mehrad Borna , Brantly Mark , Khodayari Nazli
Published: September 2022

Background

Severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by a novel coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected more than 18 million people worldwide. The activation of endothelial cells is a hallmark of signs of SARS-CoV-2 infection that includes altered integrity of vessel barrier and endothelial inflammation.

Objectives

Pulmonary endothelial activation is suggested to be related to the profound neutrophil elastase (NE) activity, which is necessary for sterilization of phagocytosed bacterial pathogens. However, unopposed activity of NE increases alveolocapillary permeability and extracellular matrix degradation. The uncontrolled protease activity of NE during the inflammatory phase of lung diseases might be due to the resistance of exosome associated NE to inhibition by alpha-1 antitrypsin.

Method

31 subjects with a diagnosis of SARS-CoV2 infection were recruited in the disease group and samples from 30 voluntaries matched for age and sex were also collected for control.

Results

We measured the plasma levels of exosome-associated NE in SARS-CoV-2 patients which, were positively correlated with sign of endothelial damage in those patients as determined by plasma levels of LDH. Notably, we also found strong correlation with plasma levels of alpha-1 antitrypsin and exosome-associated NE in SARS-CoV-2 patients. Using macrovascular endothelial cells, we also observed that purified NE activity is inhibited by purified alpha-1 antitrypsin while, NE associated with exosomes are resistant to inhibition and show less sensitivity to alpha-1 antitrypsin inhibitory activity, in vitro.

Conclusions

Our results point out the role of exosome-associated NE in exacerbation of endothelial injury in SARS-CoV-2 infection. We have demonstrated that exosome-associated NE could be served as a new potential therapeutic target of severe systemic manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Effect of leptin on the growth and expression of STAT3 in yak mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Dong Baoxia , Mehran Sidra , Yang Yuying , Jing Haixia , Liang Lin , Guo Xiaoyu , Zhang Qinwen
Published: September 2022

Background and Aim: Leptin (LEP) is an autocrine and paracrine factor produced by the fat pad and acinar epithelial cells of the breast. This study aimed to investigate the effects of LEP on yak mammary epithelial cells (YMECs) and the expression of STAT3. In addition, we evaluated the possible effects of prolactin (PRL) on the function of LEP.

Materials and Methods: The YMECs were treated with 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 ng/mL LEP for 48 h in the absence of PRL and the presence of 500 ng/mL PRL. The growth activity of YMECs was measured using the cell counting kit-8 assay. The changes in the lactation signaling pathway-related factor STAT3 were detected at the mRNA, protein, and protein phosphorylation levels using the reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. To explore whether LEP affects the activation of STAT3 through JAK2/JAK3 in YMECs, the JAK2/3 signaling pathway inhibitor AG490 was used at a fixed concentration of LEP.

Results: Each concentration of LEP significantly promoted the expression of STAT3 mRNA (p < 0.05) in YMECs in the presence of PRL. In the absence of PRL, all concentrations of LEP were found to inhibit the expression of the STAT3 protein (p < 0.05). The expression of the STAT3 protein in YMECs was found to first increase followed by a decrease with an increase in the concentration of LEP. In addition, the phosphorylation level of STAT3 increased in all groups, except the 100 ng/mL concentration group. The STAT3 phosphorylation trend and protein expression were different, such that the level of protein phosphorylation was higher than that of the STAT3 protein (p < 0.05). The addition of AG490 reduced the expression of the STAT3 mRNA, STAT3 protein, and STAT3 phosphorylation in the LEP and LEP + PRL groups.

Conclusion: Altogether, the results indicated that different concentrations of LEP exerted varying effects on the growth of YMECs and the expression of STAT3, and the activity of STAT3 was primarily activated by JAK2. The addition of LEP can effectively inhibit the downregulation of the JAK2/STAT3 signal pathway by AG490, mitigate its inhibitory effect on the proliferation of YMECs, and reduce apoptosis. We believe that these findings will provide a theoretical and experimental basis for future research in this field.
Predictors of mortality in immunocompromised children with respiratory infections
Authors: Sutrisna Lea , Triasih Rina , Laksanawati Ida Safitri
Published: September 2022

Background Respiratory infection is a common morbidity and a major cause of mortality in immunocompromised children. Hence, identification of clinical parameters that predict mortality among immunocompromised children with respiratory infections is of importance to provide timely and appropriate intervention.

Objective To determine predictors of mortality in immunocompromised children with respiratory infections.

Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study of immunocompromised children aged 18 years or younger with respiratory tract infections who were admitted to Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. All eligible children were prospectively followed up until hospital discharge. Clinical and laboratory parameters during the first 24 hours of hospitalization were collected.

Results Of 79 eligible children, the overall mortality was 11 subjects (13.9%). Fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, cyanosis, leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and pleural effusion were predictive factors of mortality in bivariate analysis (P<0.25). A logistic regression model showed that neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count <125/mm3) and tachycardia were the best independent predictors of mortality in immunocompromised children with respiratory infections. The children with tachycardia had 15.8 times higher probability of mortality (95%CI 5.0 to 4.4) and those with neutropenia had 8.24 times higher probability of mortality. Cyanosis and pleural effusion were also independent mortality predictors.

Conclusion The risk of mortality is significantly increased in immunocompromised children with respiratory infection when tachycardia and neutropenia are also present.
Karakteristik Pengguna Media Daring dalam Praktik Berbagi Air Susu Ibu
Authors: Layrenshia Belinda , Pambudi Wiyarni
Published: September 2022

Latar belakang. Berbagi Air Susu Ibu (ASI) menjadi alternatif solusi apabila ibu tidak bisa menyusui. Penggunaan ASI donor di Indonesia meningkat 3-5 kali lipat tahun 2007-2012, dan sering dilakukan melalui media daring karena tidak adanya bank ASI. Tujuan. Penelitian ini ingin mengenali karakteristik pengguna media daring dan mengetahui pemahaman pendonor/penerima ASI donor terhadap kaidah praktik berbagi ASI. Metode. Penelitian deskriptif ini memiliki desain potong lintang dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menyebarkan tautan Google Form kepada responden yang melakukan praktik berbagi ASI di media daring seperti Instagram, Facebook, Twitter dan WhatsApp pada bulan November 2020 sampai dengan Januari 2021.Hasil. Responden terdiri dari 154 pendonor dan 22 penerima ASI donor, 51,7% di antaranya baru memiliki anak pertama, 77.8% menyandang gelar S1 dan 69% responden adalah ibu bekerja. Dalam hal mengenali pihak pendonor/penerima, 68.2% pendonor dan 90.9% penerima ASI donor menelusuri latar belakang para penerima/pendonor. Jenis kelamin dan agama merupakan informasi yang diberikan 94,8% dan 90.3% pendonor serta ingin diketahui oleh 81,8% dan 72.7% penerima. Kesimpulan. Profil pengguna media daring yang melakukan praktik berbagi ASI di Indonesia terbanyak adalah ibu satu anak, berpendidikan S1 dan bekerja. Pemahaman terhadap kaidah praktik berbagi ASI masih perlu ditingkatkan lagi.
Prevalensi Infeksi Helicobacter pylori pada Anak dengan Gejala Gastrointestinal di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta
Authors: Kristyanto R Yuli , Widowati Titis , Damayanti Wahyu
Published: September 2022

Latar belakang. Prevalensi infeksi Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) di berbagai wilayah bervariasi. Infeksi H. pylori pada anak umumnya tidak menunjukkan gejala khas, tetapi dapat mengakibatkan berbagai komplikasi. Tujuan. Melihat prevalensi dan gejala infeksi H. pylori pada anak dengan gejala gastrointestinal di Yogyakarta.Metode. Data dikumpulkan dari pasien anak dengan keluhan dispepsia, nyeri perut berulang, muntah berulang, dan buang air besar disertai darah yang dicurigai mengalami infeksi H. pylori di RSUP. Dr. Sardjito, Yogyakarta. Diagnosis infeksi H. pylori ditegakkan dengan pemeriksaan endoskopi dan histologi.Hasil. Didapatkan 138 subyek yang memenuhi kriteria kemungkinan terinfeksi oleh kuman H. pylori didapatkan pada 16,7% (23/138) pasien anak. Prevalensi infeksi menurut usia pada 3-5 tahun sebesar 14,3% (3/21), usia 6-11 tahun sebesar 16,7% (10/60), dan usia 12-18 tahun sebesar 17,5% (10/57). Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara infeksi H. pylori dengan gejala spesifik tertentu.Kesimpulan. Prevalensi infeksi H. pylori pada anak yang bergejala klinis di Yogyakarta, Indonesia lebih rendah daripada dari wilayah lain di dunia.
Hubungan Karakteristik Orang Tua Terhadap Status Gizi Bayi Balita Desa Sungai Kitano Kabupaten Banjar
Authors: Narishma Velma , Roselina Dyah , Budiarto Arief
Published: September 2022

Latar belakang. Gizi merupakan salah satu penentu kualitas sumber daya manusia. Status gizi bayi balita merupakan salah satu indikator kualitas kesehatan masyarakat. Satus gizi bayi balita diukur menggunakan beberapa indeks antopometri. Masalah gizi timbul karena beberapa faktor di antaranya, faktor lingkungan: ketersediaan, distribusi dan pengolahan bahan makanan maupun karakteristik orang tua seperti pendapatan, pekerjaan, pendidikan, dan pengetahuan orang tua. Tujuan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan karakteristik orang tua terhadap status gizi bayi balita di desa Sungai Kitano Kabupaten Banjar. Metode. Metode penelitian adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian: bayi dan balita 0-59 bulan, sampel 14 bayi dan 30 balita, responden penelitian: ibu dari bayi/ balita. Hasil. Secara statistik terdapat hubungan antara pendidikan ibu terhadap status gizi bayi dan balita (p=0,012045), tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan antara penghasilan orang tua (p=0,540089) dan pekerjaan ibu (p=0,840606). Kesimpulan. Pendidikan ibu berhubungan dengan status gizi bayi balita desa Sungai Kitano Kabupaten Banjar.
Infeksi Tuberkulosis Laten pada Anak: Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana
Authors: Kaswandani Nastiti , Jasin Madeleine Ramdhani , Nugroho Gufron
Published: September 2022

Infeksi laten tuberkulosis (ILTB) adalah keadaan respons imun persisten terhadap antigen Mycobacterium tuberculosis tanpa bukti manifestasi klinis tuberkulosis aktif. Anak-anak lebih mudah terinfeksi dan menjadi penderita tuberkulosis (TB) aktif dibandingkan orang dewasa setelah kontak erat dengan pasien TB aktif. Masa inkubasi TB bervariasi selama 2-12 minggu, biasanya 4-8 minggu. Investigasi kontak dan penegakan diagnosis ILTB harus dilakukan pada anak yang memiliki risiko tinggi terinfeksi, yaitu memiliki kontak erat dengan penderita TB aktif, dengan HIV, serta dengan kondisi imunokompromais lainnya. Pengobatan pencegahan ILTB bertujuan mencegah anak yang terinfeksi M.tuberculosis berkembang menjadi tuberkulosis aktif. Pedoman WHO yang kemudian diadopsi oleh Petunjuk Teknis Penanganan Infeksi Laten Tuberkulosis Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia tahun 2020 memberikan rekomendasi pemberian terapi pencegahan tuberkulosis yang terdiri dari beberapa pilihan obat dan durasi pemberian, antara lain isoniazid selama 6 bulan, isoniazid – rifampisin selama 3 bulan, isoniazid -  rifapentin sekali sepekan dalam 3 bulan, atau rifampisin selama 4 bulan. Diagnosis dini dan pemberian terapi pencegahan yang cepat penting untuk menurunkan kejadian TB aktif sehingga visi pemberantasan TB dunia pada tahun 2050 bisa tercapai.
Synthesized Cobalt Tetroxide-Graphene Composite Film by Electrospinning and Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for Ofloxacin Determination
Authors: Zhang Yuxin , Li Yong , Yin Pengchong , Hao Yongxing , Zhang Ruizhu
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to determinate ofloxacin, the approach of electrospinning and electrochemical was adopted, metal oxide cobalt tetroxide (Co3O4)/graphene (GR) nanomaterials were electrodeposited on the surface of glassy carbon electrode, then prepared a new type of nanocomposite electrode (Co3O4/GR/GCE), it was successfully used to measure ofloxacin. The experiments show that the surface morphology of the modified electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and the Co3O4 nanoparticles and GR could be well modified on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode. The determination conditions of ofloxacin were optimized by the differential pulse voltametry (DPV). Under the optimal conditions, the linear relationship ranged from 0.45 to 170 μM, and the minimum detection limit was 0.16 μM (S/N = 3). Moreover, the recovery rate in the actual drug was good, and the relative standard deviations were all less than 5%. The impacts of the obtained results indicate that the modified electrode has good electrocatalytic performance for ofloxacin, and has good repeatability and practicability, and can significantly improve the detection sensitivity.
Sensitivity Comparison between Monolayer Graphene and Multilayer Graphene
Authors: Liu Daosen , Wei Shengsheng , Wang Dejun
Published: September 2022

Graphene is an excellent piezoresistive material. The gauge factor of graphene mirrors the sensitivity of electromechanical devices. This paper mainly studies the gauge factors of different layers of graphene under different deformation conditions. Specifically, a theoretical model was combined with linearized Boltzmann transport equation, and the density function theory (DFT) to explore how the layer number of graphene affects sensitivity. The results show that monolayer graphene is slightly more sensitive than two-layer graphene, and significantly more sensitive than three-layer graphene and four- layer graphene. In particular, monolayer graphene remains highly sensitive under large deformation conditions, which gives monolayer graphene a significant advantage over other layers of graphene. Furthermore, a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) pressure sensor was proposed with monolayer graphene, and compared with previous similar sensors with multilayer graphene in terms of sensitivity.
HUBUNGAN ANTARAKONTRAK PSIKOLOGIS DENGAN ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR PADA KARYAWAN KANTOR POS BESAR SEMARANG
Authors: Oktaviani Almira , Fauziah Nailul
Published: September 2022

Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) merupakan perilaku positif yang berada di luar tanggung jawab formal karyawan dan tidak berkaitan secara langsung dengan sistem reward yang diyakini dapat meningkatkan efektifitas kelompok dan organisasi. OCB karyawan dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal, salah satunya adalah kepuasan kerja. Kepuasan kerja karyawan muncul jika terdapat keadilan di dalam organisasi sehingga setiap karyawan mempunyai harapan mengenai hubungan timbal balik yang sesuai dengan organisasi yang yang membentuk sebuah kontrak psikologis. Individu dengan kontrak psikologis tinggi akan menyebabkan semakin besar kecenderungan karyawan untuk meningkatkan kinerja dan melakukan perilaku prososial di lingkungan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kontrak psikologis dengan OCB pada karyawan di Kantor Pos Besar Semarang. Populasi penelitian adalah 116 karyawan tetap dengan masa kerja minimal 1 tahun, dan sampel penelitian sejumlah 70 orang dari berbagai bidang yang didapatkan dengan teknik propotional sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Skala OCB(29 aitem, α = 0.913) dan Skala Kontrak Psikologis (34 aitem, α = 0,946). Analisa data menggunakan analisis regresi sederhana yang menunjukkan hasil rxy = 0,733 padap = 0.000 (p<0.001), artinya terdapat hubungan yang positif antara kedua variabel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa karyawan tetap di Kantor Pos Besar Semarang mengalami tingkat OCB yang tinggi karena karyawan memiliki kontrak psikologis yang positif. Kontrak Psikologis memberikan sumbangan efektif sebesar 53,7 %, sedangkan 46,3 % sisanya berasal dari faktor-faktor lain yang tidak diungkapkan dalam penelitian ini.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA LEADER MEMBER EXCHANGE (LMX) DENGAN INTER FUNCTIONAL COORDINATION (IFC) PADA KARYAWAN DI PT X
Authors: Aufari Gadhia , Nurtjahjanti Harlina
Published: September 2022

Karyawan dalam perusahaan minyak dan gas bumi membutuhkan perilaku koordinasi yang tinggi dalam bekerja. Inter Functional Coordination adalah perilaku berkoordinasi yang ditunjukkan melalui information coordination, organization coordination, dan corporate culture. Interaksi positif antara atasan dan bawahan hasil dari penerapan gaya kepemimpinan Leader Member Exchange, memiliki pengaruh terhadap motivasi karyawan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Leader Member Exchange dengan Inter Functional Coordination pada PT X. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 73 karyawan dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan dua buah skala Inter Functional Coordination (31 aitem valid, α = .918) dan Leader Member Exchange (31 aitem valid, α = .924) dengan metode proportional random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan koefisien korelasi (rxy) =.441 dengan nilai p = .000 (p < .001). Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis yang diajukan peneliti terbukti, yaitu terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara variabel Leader Member Exchange dengan Inter Functional Coordination. Semakin positif Leader Member Exchange maka semakin tinggi Inter Functional Coordination. Sumbangan efektif yang diberikan pada penelitian ini sebesar 19.5%
Partisipasi Politik Rakyat dan Fenomena Golongan Putih (Golput) pada Proses Pemilihan Umum di Indonesia
Authors: Abdurrahman *
Published: September 2022

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Pemilu Nasional dan Pemilu Daerah Serentak 2019
Authors: Harahap Arrasyidi Salam
Published: September 2022

Demokrasi memiliki dua komponen dasar, yaitu substantif dan prosedural. Komponen pertama adalah landasan normatifyang memuat seperangkat nilai-nilai dasar bagi suatu tatanan (sistem) kehidupan politik dan ketatanegaraan yang keberadaannya mutlak diperlukan serta membedakannya dengan sistem yang lain. Komponen kedua adalah seperangkat tata cara yang dipergunakan agara sistem tersebut dapat bekerja secara optimal dalam suatu konteks masyarakat tertentu. Komponen pertama pada hakekatnya bersifat universal dan permanen, sedangkan komponen kedua bersifat kontekstual dan bentuknya terus menerus mengalami perkembangan serta terbuka (open-ended). Kedua komponen tersebut tidak dapat dipisahkan, tetapi dapat dibedakan. Landasan utama demokrasi adalah norma-norma egalitarianism (persamaan) dan hak dasar yang berkaitan dengan hak berbicara, menyatakan pendapat, berserikat dan berkumpul menjadi norma paling dasar
Munculnya Pemimpin Artifisial di Panggung Perpolitikan Indonesia
Authors: Caesa W.K Bella Putri
Published: September 2022

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Demokrasi Berkarakter Indonesia
Authors: Herawaty Ratna
Published: September 2022

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Kedaulatan Negara di Ruang-maya Kritik UU ITE dalam Pemikiran Satjipto Rahardjo
Authors: Atmaja AP Edi
Published: September 2022

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Politik Pembangunan Industri Pertahanan Nasional di Era Global
Authors: Tuwanto Pebri
Published: September 2022

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RUU Pertanahan dan Sejarah Panjang Reformasi Agraria
Authors: Dzulhijjah Liza
Published: September 2022

Sejarah panjang pembaharuan agraria di Indonesia merupakan suatu keseriusangerakan-gerakan agraria untuk menuntut pemerataan penguasaan dan pemilikan hak atas tanahyang dari tahun ke tahun tak pernah terwujud. Sempat terbungkam pada era orde baru, kinipasca reformasi gerakan agraria ini mulai lantang untuk menuntut kembali pemerataantersebut. Berbagai program pemerintah, bahkan sampai pada regulasi yang diterbitkan dinilaitidak pro terhadap rakyat melainkan pro terhadap para pemodal. Dengan adanya pasar bebasmenjadi ancaman yang sangat berarti bagi para gerakan agraria ini, dimana tentunyakapitalisasi akan semakin merajalela. Dimana tuan-tuan akan semakin dipertuan dan rakyatkecil semakin diperbudak. Adanya upaya pembaharuan agraria yang dicanangkan pula olehpemerintah belum juga menjadi angin segar bagi para penuntut keadilan ini. Pembaharuanagraria ini terkesan berlarut-larut sampai pada munculnya RUU Pertanahan. RUU Pertahan initentunya tidak lepas dari polemik yang berkepanjangan. Pasalnya, dikhawatirkan bahwa RUUini juga ditunggangi oleh kepentingan sebagian golongan untuk memperkerdil semangatmembendung kapitalisasi yang telah menjadi nafas dari UUPA dan pergerakan agraria.
Perencanaan Tata Guna Lahan Dalam Pembangunan di Indonesia
Authors: Asrida Tities
Published: September 2022

Resistensi pembangunan merupakan polemik yang senantiasa bergulir di dalam masyarakat. Resistensi ini dipicu dari ketidaksetujuan masyarakat terhadap kebijakan pembangunan yang dibuat oleh Pemerintah. Untuk menanggulangi permasalahan tersebut perlu ditinjau dari aspek filosofi dan konsep kebijakan pemanfaatan tanah untuk kepentingan rakyat, hakikat peran Negara sebagai pemegang kewenangan pengelolaan tanah, serta urgensi perencanaan tataguna lahan. Konsep pemanfaatan tanah untuk kepentingan rakyat juga didukung dengan adanya konsep negara kesejahteraan atau dapat disebut juga sebagai konsepsi Pancasila. Konsepsi Pancasila menitikberatkan pada keadilan sosial yang dalam konteks ini terwujud dalam fungsi sosial tanah. Untuk mencapai tujuan keadilan sosial tersebut perlu adanya perhatian lebih dari Pemerintah serta dukungan dari masyarakat terutama dalam hal perencanaan tataguna lahan untuk pembangunan.Kata kunci: Pembangunan, Tataguna Lahan, Kesejahteraan Rakyat.
Pengaturan Perlindungan Hukum dan Pengakuan Terhadap Masyarakat Adat Terkait Resistensi Pembangunan (Studi Kasus Masyarakat Adat Tobelo, Halmahera, Maluku Utara)
Authors: Siringoringo Valeri M.P
Published: September 2022

Dalam tulisan ini penulis mencoba menganalisa peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia yang mengatur mengenai perlindungan hukum dan pengakuan terhadap masyarakat adat. Berdasarkan hal itu, penulis melakukan pengkajian tentang “Pengaturan Perlindungan Hukum dan Pengakuan Terhadap Masyarakat Adat Terkait Resitensi Pembangunan” (studi kasus masyarakat adat Tobelo, Halmahera, Maluku Utara). Tipe penelitian menggunakan yuridis normatif dengan sifat deskriptif analitis melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan dengan menggunakan alat pengumpul data studi kepustakaan untuk memperoleh data sekunder yang bersumber dari bahan hukum primer. Saat ini, Indonesia telah menaruh perhatian dan melakukan upaya dalam hal perlindungandan pengakuan hak masyarakat adat dilihat dari adanya pengaturan tentang hal tersebut dalam beberapa undang-undang. Namun hal tersebut justru menimbulkan ketidakpastian dan kurangnya kesesuaian antara satu undang-undang dengan undang-undang lain yang menimbulkan kerancuan untuk berlakunya asas lex specialis bila terdapat 2 (dua) undang-undang khusus.Contoh UndangUndang Kehutanan Nomor 41 Tahun 1999 mengenai Hak Ulayat dan Hak-hak Perseorangan Atas Tanah dan Sumber Daya Alam belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan apa yang terdapat di dalam UndangUndang Pokok Agraria (UUPA) Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 yang sudah berlaku sebelumnya. UUPA pada dasarnya memberikan pengakuan hutan adat (tanah ulayat) sebagai bagian dari Kawasan Hutan Negara dengan syarat keberadaan hak ulayat tersebut memang menurut kenyataannya masih ada dan dalam pelaksanaannya harus sesuai dengan kepentingan nasional dan tidak boleh bertentangan dengan undang-undang dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang lebih tinggi.Sedangkan dalam UUPA, tanah ulayat merupakan hak milik yang tidak berada dalam kawasan hutan negara.Hak milik ini dikenal dengan hak lama yang berasal dari hak adat dengan pengakuan Pemerintah. Perbedaan konsep penguasaan/ kepemilikan hutan adat/ tanah ulayat masih juga hadir dalam Undang-Undang Kehutanan.Ketidakpastian pengaturan inilah yang akhirnya berdampak pada kejelasan pengakuan dan perlindungan masyarakat adat seperti halnya suku Tobelo yang wilayah adatnya dipakai untuk menjadi taman nasional dan dilarang berburu dan mencari makanan di wilayah tersebut yang menimbulkan berbagai resistensi terhadap pembangunan dari masyarakat.Kata kunci : pengaturan, perlindungan, hak hak masyarakat adat, resistensi.
Peran Tenaga Kerja Indonesia dalam Pembangunan Ekonomi Nasional
Authors: Indriani Maulida
Published: September 2022

Pembangunan nasional dilaksanakan dalam rangka pembangunan manusia Indonesia seutuhnya dan pembangunan masyarakat Indonesia seluruhnya untuk mewujudkan masyarakat yang sejahtera, adil, makmur, yang merata, baik materiil maupun spiritual berdasarkan Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan nasional, tenaga kerja mempunyai peranan dan kedudukan yang sangat penting sebagai pelaku dan tujuan pembangunan dimana bahwa sesuai dengan peranan dan kedudukan tenaga kerja tersebut, diperlukan pembangunan ketenagakerjaan untuk meningkatkan kualitas tenaga kerja dan peran sertanya dalam pembangunan serta peningkatan perlindungan tenaga kerja dan keluarganya sesuaidengan harkat dan martabat kemanusiaan. Perlindungan terhadap tenaga kerja dimaksudkan untuk menjamin hak-hak dasar pekerja atau buruh dan menjamin kesamaan kesempatan serta perlakuan tanpa diskriminasi atas dasar apapun untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan pekerja atau buruh dan keluarganya dengan tetap memperhatikan perkembangan kemajuan dunia usaha. Namun permasalahan yang dihadapi Indonesia sampai saat ini adalah masih banyaknya penduduk usia kerja (produktif) yang belum atau tidak memiliki pekerjaan sehingga tentunya hal tersebut dapat mempengaruhi terhadap pembangunan nasional. Mengingat tenaga kerja merupakan salah satu unsur penting dalam pembangunan Indonesia.Kata Kunci : Pembangunan nasional, Tenaga Kerja
Penilaian Tingkat Kapasitas Adaptasi Terhadap Bencana Banjir Rob Berdasarkan Pengaruh Pembangunan Tanggul Laut Pada Kawasan Pesisir Kota Pekalongan (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Pekalongan Utara)
Authors: Mukhtar Denis Said , Pradoto Wisnu
Published: September 2022

North Pekalongan district is a coastal area of Pekalongan City which has 7 sub-districts with a high tidal hazard level. Adaptation capacity is a key point in dealing with conditions of vulnerability to climate change, especially tidal floods. The projected threat of tidal flooding which will increase every year has an impact on the survival of the people of the North Pekalongan sub-district. adaptation capacity needs to be increased in order to adapt to exposure to the threat of tidal flooding. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of adaptation capacity of the North Pekalongan sub-district to the threat of tidal hazards. This study uses a quantitative method through the Adaptive Capacity Index (ACI) assessment with the analysis technique of scoring analysis, weighting, and spatial analysis. Assessment of the level of adaptation capacity is seen from the conditions before and after the construction of the embankment. Adaptation capacity, which is a study in this research, is measured through sanitation conditions, access to clean water sources, the existence of educational facilities, the existence of health facilities, the presence of disaster infrastructure, the characteristics of houses, and the level of education. In this study, it was found that there was a change in the level of adaptation capacity caused by the construction of a sea wall in the North Pekalongan District. These changes are aimed at increasing the level of adaptation capacity in Bandengan and Kandang Panjang villages. The conclusion that can be drawn is that the construction of rob handling infrastructure is one of the efforts to increase the adaptation of the government in handling rob disasters.
The role of nitric oxide synthase and cystatin C in the mechanisms of antimicrobial protection in children with urinary tract infections considering the etiological factor
Authors: Lezhenko H. O. , Zakharchenko N. A.
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study was to investigate the main etiological factors of urinary tract infections in children, the role of nitric oxide synthase and cystatin C in the mechanisms of antimicrobial protection in children with acute and chronic urinary tract infections.
Materials and methods. The study groups consisted of 84 children (mean age – 10.0 ± 1.3 years). The main group was divided into subgroups: the first subgroup – 17 children with acute pyelonephritis, the second subgroup – 21 patients with chronic pyelonephritis, the third subgroup – 16 patients with acute cystitis, the fourth subgroup – 10 patients with unspecified urinary tract infections.
The control group consisted of 20 relatively healthy children. The levels of inducible NO-synthase (NOS2) and cystatin C were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The etiological pathogen was identified in the urine of 200 patients with urinary tract infections.
Results. Escherichia coli was identified as the dominant pathogen in 46.7 % of cystitis patients and in 66.6 % of chronic pyelonephritis patients. The next most frequently detected etiological agent in children with acute (27.3 % of cases) and chronic (25.6 %) pyelonephritis and unspecified urinary tract infection (32.2 %) was Enterococcus faecium. Proteus mirabilis was found in 26.6 % of patients with cystitis.
The level of NOS2 in all the studied subgroups was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01). A statistically significant increase in the level of cystatin C in the main group (P < 0.05) was determined. The cystatin C-to-NOS2 ratios in the studied subgroups were 1.5–2.0 times lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions. The change in the spectrum of pathogens has been determined, which was a premise of the need for constant bacteriological monitoring. The development of the primary inflammatory process in the urinary tract occurred amidst a certain dysfunction of the immune system, which was manifested in an insufficient quantitative response of cystatin C, as well as high serum levels of inducible NO-synthase in the patients.
Possibilities for implementing of anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects of metabolic therapy in acute alcoholic disorders under experimental conditions
Authors: Rykalo N. A. , Romanenko I. V.
Published: September 2022

The aim of the work was to study antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects of metabolic therapy and mechanisms of regeneration in acute alcoholic liver damage (AALD) in rats under experimental conditions.
Materials and methods. The experiment involved 66 white non-linear male rats with a mass of 120–130 g, which were divided into 5 groups: 1 – intact animals (n = 10); 2 – animals with AALD (n = 20), 3 – animals (n = 12) with AALD and intraperitoneally injected with Corvitin, 4 – animals (n = 12) with AALD and injected with Glutargin, 5 – аnimals with AALD (n = 12) and injected with Corvitin and Glutargin. The pro-inflammatory cytokines and cell cycle phases were analyzed.
Results. The level of IGF-1 was significantly 24.1 % higher in group 2 compared to the control. In animals of group 3, the level of IGF-1 was 20.2 % decreased compared with group 2. The level of IGF-1 was significantly 9.7 % decreased in group 5 animals compared with group 2. There was a 31.6% increase in the level of TGF-β in animals of group 2 in comparison with the control ones. The level of TGF-β was 22.8 % decreased in group 3 compared with group 2. In group 5 animals, the value was 12.0 % lower than in group 2. The percentage of cell nuclei in the presynthetic phase in group 2 rats was 8.3 % higher than in controls. In animals of group 2, the number of cell nuclei in the phase of DNA synthesis were 33.3 % larger than in group 1. The rate of DNA fragmentation in AALD exceeded the corresponding value in control group by 27.5 %.
Conclusions. AALD was accompanied by an increase in the serum IGF-1 and TGF-β in animals. The administration of corvitin decreased the level of IGF-1 in rats with AALD, and the use of glutargine mainly decreased the level of TGF-β. Combined use of the drugs did not show significant effectiveness. Compensatory regeneration mechanisms were activated in AALD processes and apoptotic cell death was evidenced by the increased indicators of nuclear DNA fragmentation.
The experience of preoperative treatment with anthracyclines in patients with luminal-type B locally advanced breast cancer
Authors: Cherniavskyi D. Ye. , Kolesnik O. P.
Published: September 2022

Aim. To determine the effectiveness of preoperative treatment of luminal-type B locally advanced breast cancer in patients with the use of Doxorubicin + Cyclophosphamide chemotherapy regimen.
Materials and methods. Thirty patients with luminal-type B locally advanced breast cancer who underwent chemotherapy with Doxorubicin 60 mg/m2 + Cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 regimen were examined at the medical center LLC “ONCOLIFE” from 2019 to 2020. Results of chemotherapy were assessed by CT scan examination and RECIST1.1 system with further surgical treatment of breast cancer. The results of pathomorphological response to treatment of tumor were assessed by the Miller–Payne system.
Results. Before the surgery, clinical complete response to chemotherapy was achieved in 9 (30.0 %) patients, and complete pathomorphological response to the treatment of tumor was achieved in 7 (21.0 %) patients out of 30. Clinically, the minimal response to treatment (stabilization of the disease) was revealed in 4 (13.4 %) patients, minimal pathomorphological response – in 9 (32.4 %) patients.
Conclusions. The method of selecting a chemotherapeutic regimen based on chemoresistance factor data could potentially improve the effectiveness of preoperative therapy and survival in the future that requires more detailed study.
Various mechanisms of myocardial necrosis development due to combat injury as a reason for discussion: a case series
Authors: Lovkin I. M. , Sydorova N. M. , Kazmirchuk A. P. , Sydorova L. L. , Tabakar K. I. , Mandzii M. I.
Published: September 2022

The real clinical practice of the last 8 years in Ukraine indicates the possibility of myocardial injury developing in wounded with combat trauma, including those meeting the criteria for myocardial infarction (predominantly type 2), which differs significantly in the mechanism of development, resulting in numerous difficulties for doctors in providing medical care to such patients (formulation of the diagnosis, choice of treatment tactics). The current recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology for the management of patients with acute coronary syndromes after the adoption of the Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction do not consider special approaches to the treatment of patients with myocardial necrosis associated with trauma.
The aim of this publication was to demonstrate, using the example of a case series, the relevance of the problem of terminology, diagnosis, and treatment of myocardial infarction caused by a combat injury.
In all three clinical cases presented, young and middle-aged patients were diagnosed with myocardial infarction in accordance with the Fourth Universal Definition. In all these cases, there were no atherosclerotic coronary artery lesions, and a type 2 myocardial infarction was assumed due to acute myocardial ischemia as a consequence of the injured coronary artery ligation (case 1); microcirculation disorders in the area of myocardial contusion (case 2); anatomical feature of the coronary artery in the form of its intramural course in the presence of severe sympathicotonia and sinus tachycardia (case 3). Because all three patients had myocardial necrosis associated with trauma of the chest and heart, the question arose of the preference for coding such pathology through ICD-10 as section S00-T88 (injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes), namely S26 (injury of heart), but not as I21 (acute myocardial infarction) from the section I00-I99 (diseases of the circulatory system). Thus, the developed pathology in such patients will be clearly associated with the combat trauma, and their treatment will not be tied to the current Ukrainian Unified Protocol for the Management of Patients with ST-segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome.
Conclusions. The presented clinical cases substantiate the planning of clinical trials and the development of recommendations for the management of patients with acute myocardial injury (including myocardial necrosis) and trauma of the heart and coronary arteries, depending on the mechanism of damage development.
Ultrastructural changes in renal tissue in rats with renal failure under the influence of herbal composition BNO 2103
Authors: Chernykh V. V. , Zupanets К. О. , Shebeko S. K.
Published: September 2022

Management of chronic kidney disease is an urgent task of the global health care system, as untreated, it leads to partial or permanent loss of kidney function. Standardized herbal remedies are highly effective and relatively safe. That is why it is suggested to pay attention to herbal remedies already known for the treatment of genitourinary diseases to expand the indications for their use.
The aim of the research is to study the nephroprotective properties of the standardized herbal composition BNO 2103, which is the active ingredient of Canephron N ®, in a model of renal failure in rats.
Materials and methods. An experimental study was performed on 42 male white outbred rats weighing 150–200 g, which were divided into 4 groups. Nephropathy was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of 0.7 ml/kg of 2.5 % potassium chromate solution. Animals in 3 and 4 groups received BNO 2103 at a dose of 33.0 mg/kg and prednisolone at a dose of 1.9 mg/kg intragastrically daily for 20 days. After animals were sacrificed, their kidneys were obtained and studied with standard electronic microscopy methods.
Results. BNO 2103 normalized the ultrastructural picture of the kidneys, however, with the presence of minor pathological signs. BNO 2103 reduced the destruction of basement membranes, improved organelle structure and increased metabolic processes in podocytes, and endotheliocytes, reducing the manifestations of degenerative-dystrophic changes in them. BNO 2103 was superior to the reference drug prednisolone.
Conclusions. BNO 2103 showed a significant nephroprotective effect, normalizing the ultrastructural picture of the kidneys in rats with renal failure. This effect is most likely related to the presence of biologically active substances with a powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, nephroprotective activity. The obtained results allow us to consider BNO 2103 as a promising nephroprotective agent for the treatment of chronic kidney disease.
Conceptual and category apparatus of legislation, what determines legal responsibility in pharmaceutical activity
Authors: Aleksieiev O. H.
Published: September 2022

The aim of the work – is to study the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the legislation of Ukraine, which determines the legal responsibility in pharmaceutical activities.
Materials and methods. The study is based on a number of legislative terms and case law in cases of prosecuting violators of pharmaceutical legislation. During the work, we used methods of information retrieval, analysis, systematization, and generalization.
Results. It is established that pharmaceutical activity is one of the branches in the field of health care, which is carried out by conducting licensed economic activities by economic entities and professional activities by non-economic entities – pharmaceutical workers. The complex nature of such activities determines the establishment by the state at the legislative level of various types of legal liability: criminal, administrative, civil, and disciplinary.
Conclusions. Legal responsibility in pharmaceutical activity is characterized by a certain terminological inconsistency and unsystematic nature, which is manifested in the lack of disclosure of the meanings of such terms as pharmaceutical activity (its types and directions), pharmaceutical care, pharmaceutical service; subject of pharmaceutical activity (with the separation of categories of persons with appropriate legal status). The conceptual and categorical apparatus of legislation governing pharmaceutical activities needs urgent unification, as the imbalance of legislative terminology results in inadequacy and inconsistency both in the conceptual sense of the institution of legal responsibility and in bringing participants of pharmaceutical activity to legal responsibility for relevant offenses.
Analysis of the domestic market of 1,2,4-triazole-containing drugs
Authors: Ohloblina M. V. , Bushuieva I. V. , Parchenko V. V.
Published: September 2022

The modern market of medicines in Ukraine has the dynamics of constant development. At the same time, the dynamics of the pharmaceutical market depend entirely on the welfare of the population. Current features of quarantine restrictions have caused a number of distortions in drug consumption. Thus, after the introduction of quarantine in March 2020, part of the population panicked, which forced them to stockpile vital goods. At this time, there was a significant increase in sales of drugs, including antiviral, antiseptic, and disinfectant activity. The dynamics of drug balances on the shelves reached +50 %. However, there was a sharp decline in consumption between June-October 2020 and April 2021 due to the full effect of quarantine restrictions and March-April 2022 due to martial law in Ukraine. Today, the rate of purchases and balances of medicines on the shelves of pharmacies exceeds the rate of growth of their sales.
The aim of the work is to conduct research and provide a description of the range of the national market of domestic 1,2,4-triazole-containing drugs.
Materials and methods. The following methods were used in the work: analytical, information retrieval, descriptive, and generalization. The materials of the research were literature sources that contain information on the registration of domestic 1,2,4-triazole-containing drugs in Ukraine at present.
Results. The search, analysis, characterization, and generalization of domestic drugs – derivatives of 1,2,4-triazoles were carried out. It was established that the Ukrainian market was moderately saturated with 1,2,4-triazole-containing drugs of domestic production based on the study of available information and scientific research. The drugs have a fairly wide range of applications in medicine, have different mechanisms of action, belong to different pharmacotherapeutic groups, and were used in veterinary practice and the agro-industrial economy.
Conclusions. Elaboration, analysis, systematization, comparison, and generalization of modern sources of information indicated a fairly high biological activity of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives, a wide range of applications, and moderate saturation of the national market with 1,2,4-triazole-containing drugs.