bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meningkatkan Loyalitas Konsumen Melalui Pelayanan, Trust, dan Harga
Authors: Ekawati Ratna , Marlan Agus Deky
Published: May 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui PengaruhKualitas Pelayanan Jasa, Kepercayaan dan Harga Terhadap Loyalitaspengguna jasa pengiriman barang PT. TRIVIA CARGO EXPRESS Kota Bandung. Metode penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif verifikatif. Populasidalam penelitian ini sebanyak 81 perusahaan dengan teknikpengambilan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh, sehingga semua populasi dijadikan sebagai sampel.Dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda diperolehhasil untuk sub struktur penelitian pertama yaitu secara Simultanterdapat pengaruh antara Kualitas Pelayanan Jasa, Kepecayaan danHarga terhadap Loyalitas Perusahaan. Sedangkan secara Parsial hanyavariable Kualitas pelayanan jasa memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadapLoyalitas. Variabel Kepercayaan juga memiliki pengaruh signifikanterhadap Loyalitas Perusahaan, demikian juga Harga memiliki pengaruhsignifikan terhadap Loyalitas Perusahaan. Secara Simultan terdapatpengaruh antara Kualitas Pelayanan Jasa, Kepercayaan dan Harga terhadap Loyalitas PerusahaanKata Kunci : Kualitas Pelayanan, Kepercayaan, Harga Loyalitas
Pengaruh Perilaku Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Dan Kepuasan Guru Terhadap Kinerja Guru Di SMKN Se-Kota Bandung
Authors: Purwanda Eka , Sari Erni Yulianita
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinantransformasional kepala sekolah dan guru terhadap kepuasan kinerjaguru baik secara simultan maupun parsial. Indikator yang digunakanuntuk kepemimpinan transformasional utama mengacu pada konsepRobbins (2006), indikator kepuasan guru mengacu pada konsep EdySutrisno (2009). Sedangkan untuk indikator kinerja guru mengacu padakonsep Diding Nurdin (2011).Unit analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah kota  Bandung.Metode yang digunakan adalah verifikasi deskriptif. Sedangkan analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Teknikpengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan cara kuesioner danmetode survei penjelasan.Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi linier berganda dan pembahasanpenelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepemimpinan dan Kepuasan Guru 9,8% berpengaruhterhadap Kinerja Guru. Sedangkan sisanya 90,2% dipengaruhi olehfaktor lain yang tidak diperiksa. Sedangkan secara parsial, KepalaKepemimpinan Transformasional memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerjaguru sebesar 00,5%. Sedangkan variabel Kepuasan Guru berpengaruhterhadap kinerja guru sebesar 32%.Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepemimpinan dan KepuasanGuru sekaligus memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja guru.Partial Good atau bad Transformational Leadership Kepala sekolahkemudian tidak mengarah pada kinerja guru yang buruk. Itu berlakutidak signifikan. Secara parsial, semakin tinggi Prestasi Guru Kinerja Guru. Itu adalah efek yang signifikan.

Kata kunci: Perilaku kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, Kepuasan guru, Kinerja guru.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dan Disiplin Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Survei Pada Karyawan PT. Sagitarius Kota Bandung )
Authors: Supriyoso Patria , Mulya Sastria Ayera
Published: May 2022

Keberhasilan sebuah organisasi ditentukan oleh kualitas orang- orang yang bekerja di dalamnya. Perubahan dan perkembangan teknologi yang begitu cepat & pesat menuntut kemampuan SDM dalam menangkap fenomena perubahan tersebut. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan tranformasional dan disiplin terhadap kinerja karyawan baik secara simultan dan parsial.Kepemimpinan transformasional yang menginspirasi para pengikut untuk melampaui kepentingan-pribadi mereka dan yang mampu membawa dampak mendalam dan luar biasa pada para pengikut Robbin,(2007:472) Menurut Veithzal (2005 : 825) : Disiplin kerja adalah suatu alat yang digunakan para manajer untuk berkomunikasi dengan karyawan agar mereka bersedia mengubah suatu perilaku serta sebagai suatu upaya untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan kesediaan seseorang menaati semua peraturan perusahaan dan norma-norma sosial yang berlaku Kinerja (prestasi kerja) adalah hasil kerja secara kualitas dan kuantitas yang dicapai oleh seorang pegawai dalam melaksanakan tugasnya sesuai dengan tanggung jawabnya yang diberikan kepadanya Gomes (2003:142). Metode statistik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah statistik inferensial, adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian Deskriptif Verifikatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan Karyawan PT Sagitarius Kota Bandung jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 108, dengan teknik analisis regresi linear berganda.Penerapan Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Disiplin kerja dan Kinerja Karyawan yang dimiliki oleh Departemen atau Divisi PT Sagitarius dalam kondisi tinggi. Terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara Kepemimpinan Transformasional dan Disiplin kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT Sagitarius di Kota Bandung Secara Simultan maupun Parsial

Kata Kunci : Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Disiplin kerja dan Kinerja Karyawan .
Pengembangan Model Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Kinerja Universitas Swasta Di Ciamis, Garut, Dan Kuningan
Authors: Budiansyah Yusef , Amalia Shendy , Marinda Vina S.
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalsis Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) dan kinerja organisasi di Universitas Swasta di Ciamis, Garut, dan Kuningan. Melalui hasil penelitian ini diharapkan ditemukan suatu model dari pendekatan Organizatinal Citizenship Behavior (OCB) yang paling sesuai untuk diterapkan Universitas Swasta, yang menunjang kinerja organisasi di Universitas Swasta.

Pendekatan penelitian yang akan digunakan adalah kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan karena melibatkan peneliti dalam observasi, pengambilan data, dan penganalisasian data secara kualitatif. Sedangkan pendekatan kuantitatif untuk menguji sampel penelitian, mengumpulkan data, analisis secara kuantitaif/statistik untuk menguji hipotesis yang sudah ditentukan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini penelitian pengembangan. Penelitian pengembangan adalah suatu proses yang dipakai untuk mengembangkan dan memvalidasi produk atau model. Penelitian pengembangan itu sendiri dilakukan berdasarkan suatu model pengembangan berbasis industri, yang temuan-temuannya dipakai untuk mendesain produk dan prosedur, yang kemudian secara sistematis dilakukan uji lapangan, dievaluasi, disempurnakan untuk memenuhi criteria keefektifan, kualitas, dan standar tertentu. Metode penelitian deskriptif juga digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai kualitas Organization Citizenship Behavior (OCB), dan kinerja organisasi.

Kegiatan pengumpulan data ke lapangan yang telah dilakukan oleh tim peneliti ke Universitas Galuh-Ciamis, Universitas Garut, dan Universitas Kuningan meliputi survey, wawancara, pengumpulan data; pengembangan draft model; uji coba lapangan awal, revisi hasil uji coba lapangan, penyempurnahan hasil uji coba lapangan, dan penyempurnaan produk akhir. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa model OCB yang telah disempurnakan.

Kata kunci: Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) dan kinerja organisasi.
Pengaruh Work-Life Balance Terhadap Turnover Intention (Studi Pada Karyawan Divisi Food & Beverage Hotel Indonesia Kempinski Jakarta)
Authors: Hafid Muhammad , Prasetio Arif Partono
Published: May 2022

Sumber daya manusia merupakan sumber yang berperan penting dalam rangka mencapai tujuan perusahaan. Pengelolaan sumber daya manusia yang baik akan berdampak positif bagi perusahaan yang bersangkutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh work-life balance terhadap turnover intention karyawan pada Divisi Food & Beverage Hotel Indonesia Kempinski Jakarta. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada 120 karyawan dan data sekunder seperti dokumen perusahaan dan wawancara. Skala yang digunakan adalah skala likert lima titik. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier sederhana.

Hasil yang didapat pada penelitian ini adalah work-life balance memberikan pengaruh signi ikan negatif terhadap turnover intention karyawan. Melalui hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi bagi pihak perusahaan untuk mencegah munculnya turnover intention karyawan, dengan cara memberikan kompensasi kerja berupa bonus uang pada tiap pekerjaan tambahan diluar deskripsi pekerjaan asli karyawan yang dikerjakan. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya, diharapkan dapat mengembangkan kembali penelitian ini, dengan objek dan metode penelitian yang berbeda, atau melibatkan variabel lain seperti Kompensasi atau Kesempatan Pengembangan Karir, sehingga hasil temuan penelitian cakupannya dapat lebih luas tidak hanya terbatas pada satu variabel bebas.

Kata kunci: Work-Life Balance, Turnover Intention
Understanding diversified oasis farms’ economic performances through an analysis of labor uses and their relation to the invested capital
Authors: Sraïri Mohamed Taher , Ouidat Loubna
Published: May 2022

In this study, uses of labor were characterized using the ‘Work Balance’ method in a sample of 30 farms representing the diversity of farming dynamics within the Drâa valley oases (South East of Morocco). The efficiency of labor was analyzed through the elaboration of work time uses per products’ outputs (either crops or animal source food), as well as labor remuneration (i.e. Euros per day). The results showed that almost half of total uses of labor (48.8%) are devoted to livestock, while the remainders 51.2% are used for crops. The labor required to raise livestock was mainly provided by family members (72%), whereas that required for crops was mostly assumed (64.8%) by hired laborers. In all farms’ types (either smallholder units, average or large farms), date palms constitute the most vital crop for the oasis farming system, given their contribution to incomes generation, as well as they enable positive synergies of crop/livestock integration, while adapting to the harsh climate conditions. At the opposite, livestock ensures variable roles, as it is mostly crucial within smallholder farms given their limited investment means, whereas large farms rear animals for diversification purposes. By contrast, large farms devote increased interest and investments to cash crops such as watermelon and date palms market varieties, with almost entirely hired workforce, and without any consideration for their ecological impacts, particularly on groundwater depletion. Return on investments rate defined as the annual incomes divided by the invested capital is only 10.1% in smallholder farms, whereas it reaches a value of 23.7% in large farms; average farms showing an intermediate value of 15.4%.  Altogether, the results confirm that there is still for improvement of work uses and efficiency in the oasis farming system, taking into account the diversity of situations, and considering the existing constraints such as scarce water (exacerbated by the ongoing effects of the global warming) and land, as well as limited investment means in a majority of farms.
León Viejo de Nicaragua: Arquitectura colonial española en el siglo XVI
Authors: Guillén Valenzuela Dulce María
Published: May 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es identificar las características de la arquitectura colonial en la etapa de implantación de la colonia española en el siglo XVI en Nicaragua, así como determinar el contexto en el que se da, y cuáles son los patrones establecidos para el futuro. Se parte del estudio de las ruinas del sitio arqueológico de León Viejo, primera ciudad fundada en Nicaragua, abandonada en 1610, quedando inalterado este patrimonio. Hasta la fecha no se ha profundizado sobre esta arquitectura y el contexto histórico, cultural, socio-económico y físico natural que la condicionó. La investigación se enmarca en la historiografía de la arquitectura. El método de estudio es analítico, partiendo del examen de los datos y estudios históricos, así como del análisis del sitio. Los colonizadores en Nicaragua, además de seguir las órdenes reales para la construcción, replican las técnicas y saberes que conocen, adaptándolas a la falta de herramientas y medios de trabajo, a la naturaleza y a la mano de obra local. La edificación es lenta, por ser un territorio de poca riqueza, por las condiciones altamente sísmicas que destruyen con frecuencia lo edificado y por la falta de arquitectos y alarifes en esta etapa. En esta arquitectura se implanta una estilística, del mismo modo que aparecen patrones de diseño, prevaleciendo la “casa patio” con corredores porticados, así como la estructura de techo de “par y nudillo” de influencia nazarí, estableciéndose el estilo “colonial”, que en el futuro desarrollará el patrimonio arquitectónico religioso y habitacional de Nicaragua, quedando como tarea central la conservación adecuada y el estudio continuo de este legado arqueológico.
Syllogistic Reasoning Demystifies Evidence of COVID-19 Vaccine Constituents
Authors: Broudy Daniel , Kyrie Valerie
Published: May 2022

Incontrovertible evidence has now made clear that much of what has been perceived publicly about the story of SARS-CoV-2 and the pharmaceutical remedies offered (then mandated) was/is part of a sophisticated international fabrication of unprecedented proportion, depth, and deception. The origins of the virus, the approved testing regime, the flawed predictive models of spread and mortality, associated social-distancing mandates, and so-called vaccines and their claimed efficacy and safety, all point to a coordinated effort to manufacture public fear and hysteria so as to propagate and normalize transhumanist interventions in healthcare and human biology. This article begins with the simple question of how adjuvants in traditional vaccines are theorized to work and proceeds to analyze how the new injectable mRNA platforms deploy nanomaterials as delivery vehicles for genetic interventions with a range of other potential actions inside the human body, both intended and unintended. The authors draw upon the chronological and logical development of adjuvants and their use across disciplines in materials science, genetic engineering, and programming. The authors aim to disentangle the known, unknown, possible and likely contents and objectives of COVID-19 injections, in the context of the surrounding corporate, political, and ideological landscape. They conclude that the social disruptions created by COVID-19 have served as a means of instigating rapid transition to what unelected policymakers have called a Bio-Nano Age.
The Theology of Hathor of Dendera
Authors: Richter Barbara A.
Published: May 2022

The Ptolemaic period witnessed an enormous increase in the number of hieroglyphic signs and iconographic elements (composite crowns, scepters, and cult objects). The ancient scribes exploited this complexity when composing the reliefs used in temple decoration, selecting particular words, hieroglyphic signs, and iconographic elements in order to create interconnected multiple layers of meaning, forming a tapestry of sound and sight. The Theology of Hathor of Dendera examines these techniques on both micro- and macro-levels, from their smallest details to their broadest thematic connections, foregrounding individual techniques to determine the words and phrases singled out for emphasis. By synthesizing their use in the three-dimensional space of the most important cult chamber in the Temple of Hathor at Dendera, this new method of analysis not only reveals the most essential characteristics of the local theology, but also shows how the ancient scribes envisioned the universe and the place of humankind within it.
The key changes to the hospitality business model under COVID-19
Authors: Ben Youssef , Redžepagić Srđan , Zeqiri Adelina
Published: May 2022

The rapid spread of new digital technologies has brought fundamental changes in the hospitality industry. The digital transformation of the hospitality industry was accelerated during COVID-19 pandemic. The impacts of the crisis have led to rethinking hospitality business models. In order to survive during the crisis, hospitality businesses has tried to find innovative solutions and transform their businesses. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the key changes to hospitality industry business models induced by the COVID-19 crisis. A systematic literature review is provided to analyse three main business model components: value proposition, value chain, and revenue. The paper has the following findings. First, four major changes to the value proposition in the hospitality business model are identified: use of hotels as rooms/offices during lockdowns, offer of new innovative products and services, offer of digital services, and use of hotels for quarantining. Second, value chain changes include new safety measures, and changes to capacities and numbers of workers (amount of work). Third, the changes to the revenue model include fewer foreign tourist offers and more domestic offers, last-minute cancellations or postponements, and better quality and more individualized services. Policies like innovation and digital technologies, customized and flexible services, qualitative services and virtual experiences should be priorities for the future of hospitality business models. The paper has some limitations and future research should be focused on a specific hospitality business model, specific group of countries or country and showing what will happen in post-COVID-19 period.
De l’identité héritée à l’identité construite : récit du « je » face à la transmission
Authors: Bordeleau-Payer Marie-Laurence
Published: May 2022

With the aim of exploring some of the mechanisms and negotiations involved in family transmission, we conducted a field study based on the life story method with a group of young Montrealers in fall 2019. Qualitative data collection and analysis followed the “family novel and social trajectory” approach, as developed in clinical sociology. Through a process of “guided recollection,” research participants were encouraged to share their family histories and put into words the sources of belonging and individuality that underpin their self-identity. The article analyzes how the resulting narratives highlight various strategies used to negotiate and reshape identity. Furthermore, genealogical imperatives emerged within various modes of relation and identification, triggering imitation mechanisms that produced both suffering and resilience.
Calculating macroscopic gas molar heat capacity of SO molecule based on rovibrational energy level
Authors: Wen Lin , Fan Qun-Chao , Jian Jun , Fan Zhi-Xiang , Li Hui-Dong , Fu Jia , Ma Jie , Xie Feng ,   Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China,   State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China,   Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Published: May 2022

Sulfur oxide (SO) is a kind of well-known diatomic molecule which becomes one of the major pollutants in the atmosphere. Control of the heat capacity of SO molecule is of great significance for elucidating its macroscopic evolution process. In the research of macroscopic systems composed of many particles as well as several matters, it is an important approach to obtain macroscopic thermodynamic quantities of the system by constructing a partition function from the microscopic information of molecule. For diatomic molecules in a certain electronic state, the partition function can directly be obtained by calculating the rovibrational energy of the system to acquire the macroscopic molar heat capacities.

In this work, the contribution of rotational behavior to molar heat capacity is further considered. The potential energy function for the ground electronic state of SO is constructed by the variational algebraic method (VAM) and RKR (Rydberg-Klein-Rees) method, in which the former one can determine the complete vibrational energy levels of an electronic state of a molecule. The rovibrational energy level of the system is obtained by analytical solution, and then the molar heat capacity of SO macroscopic gas in the temperature range of 300–6000 K is calculated by quantum statistical ensemble theory The above calculation depends only on the experimental vibrational energy, experimental rotational spectral constant and the dissociation energy of SO molecule. Fortunately, through comparison between theoretical calculation results and experimental data, we find that the molar heat capacity of gaseous SO molecule can be well predicted by employing the full set of rovibrational energy to describe the internal vibration and rotation of SO molecule. The idea of calculating the molar heat capacity by using the full set of rovibrational energy makes up for the shortcomings of previous work where molar heat capacity is calculated by using the approximate model characterizing the molecular rotational behavior, and also provides a new research paradigm for solving macro thermodynamic quantities based on micro statistical processes .
Discard Studies
Authors: Liboiron Max , Lepawsky Josh
Published: May 2022

An argument that social, political, and economic systems maintain power by discarding certain people, places, and things.

Discard studies is an emerging field that looks at waste and wasting broadly construed. Rather than focusing on waste and trash as the primary objects of study, discard studies looks at wider systems of waste and wasting to explore how some materials, practices, regions, and people are valued or devalued, becoming dominant or disposable. In this book, Max Liboiron and Josh Lepawsky argue that social, political, and economic systems maintain power by discarding certain people, places, and things. They show how the theories and methods of discard studies can be applied in a variety of cases, many of which do not involve waste, trash, or pollution.

Liboiron and Lepawsky consider the partiality of knowledge and offer a theory of scale, exploring the myth that most waste is municipal solid waste produced by consumers; discuss peripheries, centers, and power, using content moderation as an example of how dominant systems find ways to discard; and use theories of difference to show that universalism, stereotypes, and inclusion all have politics of discard and even purification—as exemplified in “inclusive” efforts to broaden the Black Lives Matter movement. Finally, they develop a theory of change by considering “wasting well,” outlining techniques, methods, and propositions for a justice-oriented discard studies that keeps power in view.
Artificial Communication
Authors: Esposito Elena
Published: May 2022

A proposal that we think about digital technologies such as machine learning not in terms of artificial intelligence but as artificial communication.

Algorithms that work with deep learning and big data are getting so much better at doing so many things that it makes us uncomfortable. How can a device know what our favorite songs are, or what we should write in an email? Have machines become too smart? In Artificial Communication, Elena Esposito argues that drawing this sort of analogy between algorithms and human intelligence is misleading. If machines contribute to social intelligence, it will not be because they have learned how to think like us but because we have learned how to communicate with them. Esposito proposes that we think of “smart” machines not in terms of artificial intelligence but in terms of artificial communication.

To do this, we need a concept of communication that can take into account the possibility that a communication partner may be not a human being but an algorithm—which is not random and is completely controlled, although not by the processes of the human mind. Esposito investigates this by examining the use of algorithms in different areas of social life. She explores the proliferation of lists (and lists of lists) online, explaining that the web works on the basis of lists to produce further lists; the use of visualization; digital profiling and algorithmic individualization, which personalize a mass medium with playlists and recommendations; and the implications of the “right to be forgotten.” Finally, she considers how photographs today seem to be used to escape the present rather than to preserve a memory.
Differential ion dehydration energetics explains selectivity in the non-canonical lysosomal K+ channel TMEM175
Authors: Oh SeCheol , Marinelli Fabrizio , Zhou Wenchang , Lee Jooyeon , Choi Ho Jeong , Kim Min , Faraldo-Gómez José D , Hite Richard K
Published: May 2022

Structures of the human lysosomal K+ channel transmembrane protein 175 (TMEM175) in open and closed states revealed a novel architecture lacking the canonical K+ selectivity filter motif present in previously known K+ channel structures. A hydrophobic constriction composed of four isoleucine residues was resolved in the pore and proposed to serve as the gate in the closed state, and to confer ion selectivity in the open state. Here, we achieve higher-resolution structures of the open and closed states and employ molecular dynamics simulations to analyze the conducting properties of the putative open state, demonstrating that it is permeable to K+ and, to a lesser degree, also Na+. Both cations must dehydrate significantly to penetrate the narrow hydrophobic constriction, but ion flow is assisted by a favorable electrostatic field generated by the protein that spans the length of the pore. The balance of these opposing energetic factors explains why permeation is feasible, and why TMEM175 is selective for K+ over Na+, despite the absence of the canonical selectivity filter. Accordingly, mutagenesis experiments reveal an exquisite sensitivity of the channel to perturbations that mitigate the constriction. Together, these data reveal a novel mechanism for selective permeation of ions by TMEM175 that is unlike that of other K+ channels.
Bolivia – Chile: Integración con contenidos dispares
Authors: Ovando Cristian Andrés , Aranda Gilberto
Published: May 2022

Este trabajo aborda las ideas y valores que subyacen a las políticas exteriores de Chile y Bolivia. Profundiza en los roles que le asignan a la integración y cooperación regionales, a partir de las preferencias y visiones de mundo que exponen los gobiernos de Evo Morales, Michel Bachelet y Sebastián Piñera entre 2006 y 2012. Para explorar estas tendencias, analizamos una serie de discursos presidenciales expuestos en distintas instancias internacionales y domésticas. Partimos de la premisa que señala que la participación de ambos países en distintos procesos de integración y concertación regionales, desde una práctica que involucra a varios países ubicados en el continente, deja en evidencia que no coinciden en sus énfasis, sobre todo en las materias referidas a los desafíos internacionales actuales en torno al comercio y cooperación internacionales, y en sus perspectivas del desarrollo en un contexto de crisis del modelo neoliberal. Concluimos que este fenómeno actual trae como consecuencia el surgimiento de un modelo de integración con contenidos dispares en el continente, es decir, en el que prevalecen roles distintos, de crucial importancia, respecto a sus posiciones y estrategias de inserción internacional, repercutiendo en las acciones y respuestas hacia el escenario internacional.
El día de los muertos y el cuidado del espíritu en el noroeste argentino.
Authors: Krmpotic Claudia Sandra , Vargas Amalia Noemí
Published: May 2022

Se describen y analizan las prácticas de cuidado ante la muerte y su expresión narrativa en el contexto ritual de Perico, una localidad de la Provincia de Jujuy, Argentina. Abordamos una relación poco explorada entre cuidados y muerte, a partir de materiales originales recabados mediante observación y entrevistas abiertas, extensas y recurrentes, en el marco de un extenso trabajo de campo entre los años 2009 y 2014. Desde un abordaje cualitativo, desarrollamos una estrategia interpretativa a partir de la deconstrucción de significados en torno de las creencias sostenidas por nuestros informantes. Prestamos especial atención a los ritos mortuorios en el contexto del Día de los Muertos, los que ponen en evidencia la combinación de concepciones ancestrales y experiencias religiosas, como las estrategias cognitivas relativas a la significación de la vida y la muerte.
Nelson Quichillao, Twitter y la lucha de clases.
Authors: Valdebenito Allendes Jorge , Knipp Silva Rocío
Published: May 2022

Se distingue en la actualidad un creciente número de investigaciones orientadas a describir las transformaciones de la movilización política en el siglo XXI dada la masificación de tecnologías de la comunicación digital. La presente propuesta se erige como un intento de discusión que critica la valoración optimista de la tecnología. Esta valoración usualmente entiende a las TICs como herramientas de horizontalización y democratización de la participación política de masas. Desde una perspectiva tecno-escéptica, el presente estudio niega tal posibilidad. Para tales efectos, se realiza un seguimiento empírico de las comunicaciones realizadas en Twitter respecto de la muerte del minero chileno Nelson Quichillao. Los resultados indican que plataformas digitales como Twitter por sobre horizontalizar la participación y comunicación política, reproducen las asimetrías propias del mundo social. En dicho sentido, la categoría de lucha de clases se presenta como una alternativa de análisis de las desigualdades del mundo contemporáneo.
Supraclavicular versus Infraclavicular Approach to Brachial Plexus Block under Ultrasound Guidance for Elective Surgeries of the Upper Limb: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Narayanan Vidhya , Padmanabhan Sharanya , Anandan Ajay Kumar , Sethuraman Raghuraman M , Subramanian Selvamani
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Ultrasonography has revived the infraclavicular approach to brachial plexus block resulting in many studies available in the literature. However, very few studies have assessed the sensory block characteristics of individual nerve territories by this approach. Aim: To compare the supraclavicular with the infraclavicular approach with special emphasis on the assessment of block characteristics of each nerve domain. Materials and Methods: This randomised controlled trial was conducted on 40 patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and II, aged between 20-60 years of age undergoing elective surgical procedures of the upper limb. They were randomly allocated into either group Supraclavicular (SC group) or Infraclavicular (IC group). Ultrasound-guided block was performed using 30 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine. The primary outcome measure was the efficacy of block, and the secondary outcome was the time taken for performance of block. Categorical variables were compared with the Chi-square test or Fisher’s-exact test. Continuous variables were analysed using the unpaired t-test. The p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Sensory block was complete in radial, median, and musculocutaneous nerve territories in both groups. All patients in the IC group had a complete sensory block in the ulnar nerve territory, compared to 80% patients in the SC group (p=0.036). Patients in the IC group had higher motor block scores in the shoulder joint (p=0.016), elbow, and wrist joints (p=0.036) and finger joints (p= 0.038). Block performance time was significantly longer in the IC group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Infraclavicular approach provides better motor block and more complete sensory block of the upper limb. However, the time taken for performing the block was longer.
Budd-Chiari Syndrome as an Initial Section Presentation of Antiphospholipid Syndrome in a Male
Authors: Narayana Pusala Varun , Satpathy Prasanna Kumar , Gowda S Bharath , Addepalli Srivatsav
Published: May 2022

In Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS) there is narrowing and obstruction of the veins of the hepatic veins. Patients have upper quadrant abdominal pain, hepatomegaly and/or ascites. Authors hereby, discuss a case report of a 20-year-old male with history of abdominal pain, progressive distension of abdomen and mild jaundice for two months. He had hepatic vein thrombosis as well as lupus anticoagulant and was positive for anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I antibody indicative of antiphospholipid syndrome. The patient was worked up for hypercoagulable states in view of unusual site of venous thrombus. Patient recovered after being treated with prolonged anticoagulation and hepatic vein stenting. The link between antiphospholipid syndrome and BCS is well documented in the literature, but occurrence of BCS due to primary antiphospholipid syndrome is rare. Early identification, treatment of underlying cause can prevent chronic BCS and liver cirrhosis.
Metricheskoe vremya, metricheskie ugli i metricheskiy kalendar: opisaniye, preimushchestva i etapi perekhoda
Authors:   Centre for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Zakir Zahid
Published: May 2022

Действующие системы единиц измерения времени и углов, а также календарь архаичны и имеют много недостатков, в частности, не основаны на десятичной системе, нерациональны и непрактичны. В статье обоснована необходимость их постепенной замены на метрическое время (МВ), метрические углы (МУ) и метрический календарь (МК). Описаны базовые версии МВ, МУ и МК, которых далее можно улучшать. В них базовые единицы, их кратные и дольные единицы вводятся согласно метрической системе, делая величины времени и углов десятичными числами, что упрощает записи данных и ускоряет расчёты. Базовая единица МВ, десятичная секунда (десекунда), короче секунды СИ в 0.864 раз и в сутках вместо 86400 секунд будут 100000 десекунд. 100 десекунд образуют миллидень (деминуту), 100 миллидней образуют децидень (дечас). В МК сутки остаются базовой единицей календарного времени и содержат 10 децидня, или 1000 миллидня, или 100000 десекунд. Кратные и дольные единицы образуются как десятичные степени десекунды и суток с метрическими приставками. Кратные единицы суток - это декады (десятидневки), стодневки, кило-, мега-, гига- и терадни. Отсчёт дней нашей эпохи ведётся с 1 января 2001 г. Эпохи истории вводятся по 100 килодней, или по 274 года (ближняя, средняя и ранняя истории), по мегадням (2.74 тыс. лет) и десяти мегадням (27.4 тыс. лет). Тогда 10 мая 2022 г. есть 7800-день нашей эпохи, 107800-день ближней истории и 1007800-день при сдвиге на мегадни. В геологии и астрономии эпохи содержат гигадни (2.74 млн. лет) и терадни (2.74 млрд. лет). МУ с десятичным углом вводится как точный аналог МВ, что упрощает записи данных и расчёты в технике, географии и астрономии. Полный угол (прежние 360 градусов) содержит 10 поясов, пояс - 100 деминут, а деминута - 100 десекунд. На сфере имеются десять поясов по долготе (меридианам) и пять поясов по широте (параллелям), где широта северного полюса 0, а южного 5. МК основан на МВ, но десятидневки разделены на две пятидневки (недели), а стодневки - на 4 месяца по 25 дней. Месяцы лишь нумеруются и не имеют названий. Год является внесистемной единицей для учёта сезонных и традиционных дат. Простота и рациональность, большая точность и быстрота при использовании МВ, МУ и МК являются решающими в науке, технике, экономике, образовании и многих других сферах общества, и поэтому полный или частичный переход к ним неизбежен. В переходный период их можно применять индивидуально и в организациях в случаях явного повышения эффективности.
Apresentação do Dossiê de História Regional
Authors: Moreira Raimundo Nonato Pereira
Published: May 2022

Este número da Veredas da História empresta mais uma contribuição ao secular debate acerca das possibilidades e dos limites da História Regional publicando este dossiê, composto por cinco artigos, apresentados nos parágrafos que se seguem.
Pagodes baianos em foco
Authors: Santana Cristiane Soares de
Published: May 2022

Resenha sobre o livro NASCIMENTO, Clebemilton. Pagodes baianos: entrelaçando sons, corpos e letras. Salvador: EDUFBA, 2012, 200p.
Henri Legrand du Saulle's 1873 book: “La Folie Héréditaire” (hereditary madness)
Authors: Kendler Kenneth S.
Published: May 2022

In his 1873 monograph “La Folie Héréditaire,” the French Alienist Legrand du Saulle (LdS) first outlined his understanding of hereditary factors in insanity and then described in detail the theory of Hereditary Madness (HM) that emerged from the writings of his mentor Bénédict Morel. This form of insanity was thought to arise only in families with neuropathic traits. Degeneration theory, proposed by Morel, postulated a within‐family “evolution” of increasingly severe psychopathology, typically beginning with mild neuropathic traits and associated idiosyncrasies, and progressing over generations to hereditary madness, mental retardation, epilepsy, and eventual sterility. LdS took strong positions in favor of (i) the heterogeneous transmission of mental illness within families, (ii) consideration of both direct and collateral relatives, and (iii) the inheritance of a predisposition to illness, not the illness itself. He carefully examined the wide range of psychopathology and physical stigmata that occurred in what he called “inheritors” of the neuropathic trait. A unique feature of his work was the use of familial patterns of psychopathology to define a psychiatric disorder. While the theory of HM did not gain wide popularity outside of 19th century France, the concept of neuropathic traits was used extensively in early 20th century psychiatric genetics.
Targeted therapies in non‐small cell lung cancer and the potential role of AI interventions in cancer treatment
Authors: Menon Tarunya , Gopal Shubhang , Rastogi Verma Smita
Published: May 2022

Non‐small cell lung cancer is the most prevalent lung cancer, and almost three‐fourths of patients are diagnosed in the advanced stage directly. In this stage, chemotherapy gives only a 15% 5‐year survival rate. As people have varied symptoms and reactions to a specific cancer type, treatment for the tumor is likely to fall short, complicating cancer therapy. Immunotherapy is a breakthrough treatment involving drugs targeting novel immune checkpoint inhibitors like CTLA‐4 and PD‐1/PD‐L1, along with combination therapies. In addition, the utility of engineered CAR‐T and CAR‐NK cells can be an effective strategy to promote the immune response against tumors. The concept of personalized cancer vaccines with the discovery of neoantigens loaded on dendritic cell vectors can also be an effective approach to cure cancer. Advances in genetic engineering tools like CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated gene editing of T cells to enhance their effector function is another ray of hope. This review aims to provide an overview of recent developments in cancer immunotherapy, which can be used in first‐ and second‐line treatments in the clinical space. Further, the intervention of artificial intelligence to detect cancer tumors at an initial stage with the help of machine learning techniques is also explored.
Response prompting procedures delivered within embedded teaching trials for teaching chained skills
Authors: Ozen Arzu , Genc‐Tosun Derya , Tekin‐Iftar Elif
Published: May 2022

Simultaneous prompting and graduated guidance procedures have been used successfully in teaching various academic and functional skills; however, there is a scarcity of research that directly compares these two procedures delivered within embedded teaching trials while teaching chained skills. The researchers used an adapted alternating treatments design to compare the efficacy of simultaneous prompting and graduated guidance procedures delivered within embedded teaching trials for teaching two chained skills (i.e., snap fastening and buttoning up skills) to three young children with developmental disabilities. They also examined the generalization and maintenance effects of both procedures in the study. Last, the researchers examined the social validity of the study through social comparison. Results indicated both instructional procedures delivered within embedded teaching trials produced the acquisition of targeted chained skills in all children. Also, both produced maintenance and generalization of the acquired chained skills. However, a consistent finding was not obtained for the efficiency of the procedures in favor of one procedure. Finally, social validity findings were highly promising. The participating children reached the performance of their peers after the intervention. Future research is needed to support these findings.
The prognosis of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A multi‐center 19‐year experience in Japan
Authors: Hatanaka Takeshi , Kakizaki Satoru , Hiraoka Atsushi , Kariyama Kazuya , Tsuji Kunihiko , Ishikawa Toru , Toyoda Hidenori , Yasuda Satoshi , Naganuma Atsushi , Tada Toshifumi , Takaguchi Koichi , Tsutsui Akemi , Itobayashi Ei , Shimada Noritomo , Shibata Hiroshi , Tanaka Takaaki , Nagano Takuya , Imai Michitaka , Nakamura Shinichiro , Nouso Kazuhiro , Kosaka Hisashi , Kaibori Masaki , Kumada Takashi ,   Real‐life Practice Experts for HCC (RELPEC) Study Group
Published: May 2022

Aims

This retrospective study compared the survival between elderly and non‐elderly patients.

Methods

A total of 5545 treatment‐naive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who visited 7 different hospitals from January 2000 to December 2018 were included. Patients ≥80 years old were defined as elderly patients. We divided the patients into three groups based on the timing of the initial treatment: Early, middle, and late periods defined as 2000 to 2005, 2006 to 2012, and 2013 to 2018, respectively.

Results

There were 132 (8.9%), 405 (17.5%), and 388 (22.2%) elderly patients in the early, middle, and late period, respectively, showing a significant increase over time (p < 0.001). In both elderly and non‐elderly patients, the median albumin‐bilirubin score significantly improved over time and the diagnosis of HCC was made slightly earlier over time. The median overall survival (OS) in elderly patients was 52.8, 42.0, and 45.6 months in the early, middle, and late period, respectively, without a significant improvement (p = 0.17) whereas the OS in non‐elderly patients was significantly improved (p < 0.001). The percentage of elderly patients receiving curative treatments did not significantly increase (p = 0.43), while that of non‐elderly patients did (p = 0.017). Non‐liver‐related death in elderly patients significantly differed among periods (p = 0.023), while liver‐related death did not (p = 0.050). Liver‐ and non‐liver‐related death in non‐elderly patients significantly differed among periods (p < 0.001, p = 0.005).

Conclusions

Survival in elderly patients was not improved despite an improvement in their liver function. Curative treatments should be conducted when appropriate after evaluating each elderly patient.
Fashion, consumer markets, and democratization
Authors: Atik Deniz , Cavusoglu Lena , Ozdamar Ertekin Zeynep , Fırat A. Fuat
Published: May 2022

Previous research illustrates several attempts that consumers have made to create new markets when marketing organizations have not responded to their desires; however, individual efforts alone are insufficient to assure success in having voices heard. The effectiveness of these efforts heavily depends on the democratization of institutions. Discussions regarding the “democratization of fashion” have had some historical appeal in academia and popular media. However, an incomplete appraisal of democracy may have led to premature conclusions regarding fashion's democratization. Affirming that democracy requires acceptance of differences and empowerment of different groups as a principle, this study conceptually and critically examines the history of the outcomes of fashion consumers' attempts to have their voices heard and assesses the degree of democratization of the fashion market. Our research contributes to prior debates regarding the democratization of fashion by reviewing the pivotal chronological events in fashion history. Contrary to some previous views, it shows that diffusion of fashion to larger consumer segments across history does not automatically imply democratization of fashion, which has been greatly limited despite the potentials presented by the advents of sustainable fashion and digitalization in contemporary times. We conclude that the cycle of fashion becoming a principle of economic interest is largely the culprit for retarding democratization, and we offer reflections for key stakeholders in order to have a more democratic, sustainable, and inclusive fashion system.
Is air an issue? A severe case of subcutaneous emphysema in an immunocompromised patient
Authors: Ruiz Eloy F. , Rahni David O.
Published: May 2022

Abdominal crepitus and air in the subcutaneous tissue should be recognized early, as the most common etiologies for subcutaneous emphysema are fatal if not treated acutely. We present the case of a patient who developed subcutaneous emphysema as a consequence of the dehiscence of a previously closed gastrocutaneous fistula.
Low‐Temperature and High‐Voltage‐Tolerant Zinc‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor Based on a Hydrogel Electrolyte
Authors: Chen Qiuhong , Wang Lanxin , Chen Jiucun
Published: May 2022

For flexible supercapacitors, adequate flexibility, a wide voltage window, and the ability to operate under ultralow temperatures remain a great challenge. In this study, a high‐performance solid hydrogel (referred to as the PAM‐SA‐Ca2+ hydrogel) with a tensile length reaching 2013.5 % and strong low‐temperature tolerance was constructed. This ensured its stable structure at levels as low as −75 °C . When it was used as the electrolyte in a flexible zinc‐ion hybrid supercapacitor (ZHS), it could provide a wide operating voltage window of 0–2.2 V for ZHSs. Benefiting from these advantages, the ZHS device not only delivered a high specific energy (202.3 W ⋅ h ⋅ kg−1), specific power (1048 W ⋅ kg−1) and excellent cycling stability with capacity retention of 85.82 % after 11000 cycles, but it could also drive a timer at the ultralow‐ temperature of −75 °C, emphasizing its great application potential as an advanced flexible electronic device.
Achieving high initial Coulombic efficiency for competent Na storage by microstructure tailoring from chiral nematic nanocrystalline cellulose
Authors: Xie Fei , Xu Zhen , Guo Zhenyu , Jensen Anders C. S. , Feng Jingyu , Luo Hui , Ding Feixiang , Lu Yaxiang , Hu Yong‐Sheng , Titirici Maria‐Magdalena
Published: May 2022

Although it has been proven that porous, heteroatomic, and defective structures improve Na storage performance, they also severely affect the initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) due to the huge irreversible capacity in the first cycle, which always limits the practical application of carbon anodes in commercial Na‐ion batteries (NIBs). Here, we show the successful synthesis of nanocrystalline cellulose and the derivative hard carbons. A series of treatments including acid hydrolysis, hydrothermal carbonization, and high‐temperature pyrolysis help tune the pores, heteroatoms, and defects to achieve an optimized balance between superior ICE and reversible capacity of up to 90.4% and 314 mAh g−1. This study highlights that tailoring the electrode microstructure could be an important strategy in the future design of carbonaceous anode materials for high‐performance Na‐ion batteries.