bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo Exploratório sobre o Desenvolvimento de Talentos entre os Kayabi
Authors: Chagas-Ferreira Jane Farias
Published: July 2021

Este estudo exploratório teve como objetivo identificar quais são os talentos (habilidades, saberes ou técnicas) reconhecidos pela comunidade Kayabi e como ela se organiza para a promoção e desenvolvimento desses talentos. Participaram da pesquisa quatro pessoas, todas envolvidas em atividades de ensino e liderança na comunidade Kayabi, sendo três delas nativas. Os dados foram analisados por procedimento construtivo-interpretativo e coletados por meio de análise documental, questionário sociodemográfico e entrevista. As habilidades identificadas pelos Kayabi tinham vínculo com suas tradições ancestrais e eram associadas às áreas artística, linguística e política. As pessoas talentosas eram denominadas por especialistas. Os especialistas desenvolviam suas habilidades pela observação, imitação e orientação de outros especialistas e tinham a responsabilidade de transmitir os seus conhecimentos e técnicas para os mais jovens. A família foi reconhecida como a principal promotora e provedora dos recursos necessários ao desenvolvimento dos talentos. Entre os desafios apontados destacaram-se a escassez de matéria prima ou falta de recursos financeiros e a inexistência de local apropriado para a produção artesanal. Para pesquisas futuras recomenda-se o estudo das interrelações entre os processos individuais e comunitários em que esses talentos emergem e se desenvolvem.
Delirar a Realidade: Por uma Escrita Antimanicomial
Authors: Tavares Arthur Daibert Machado , Melicio Thiago Benedito Livramento , Wendling Michelle Menezes , Tsallis Alexandra Cleopatre
Published: July 2021

Visitando textos de Antonin Artaud, Lima Barreto, Maura Lopes Cançado e Rodrigo de Souza Leão acerca da internação psiquiátrica, este artigo aborda as relações entre corpo, escrita e política em torno da lógica manicomial e suas dissidências. Com o objetivo de propor, com os loucos, possíveis táticas de resistência ao julgamento psiquiátrico, a metodologia de pesquisa utilizada é a cartografia psicossocial, acoplada a uma análise das relações de poder. Começamos investigando as transformações históricas na separação discursiva entre razão e loucura, e de que modo elas incidiram no campo literário. Passamos, em seguida, por como o hospício cria, com a disciplina e sua prática de escrita, relações hierarquizantes e homogeneizantes que têm como efeito a individualização do corpo. Ao final, elaboramos como a linguagem poética e a criação ficcional podem funcionar, aliadas ao papel coletivo e revolucionário da literatura, como potentes estratégias antimanicomiais de resistência num convite para repensarmos nossas produções escritas.
EXPRESSÕES DA CONTRARREVOLUÇÃO BURGUESA NO BRASIL DO SÉCULO XXI E A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DE FLORESTAN FERNANDES À CRÍTICA DO CAPITALISMO DEPENDENTE
Authors: Pieretti Eduardo Reis , Malina André , Carias Maria Gabriela Guillén
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo apresenta a recuperação de elementos do conceito de capitalismo dependente em Florestan Fernandes para a interpretação de aspectos recentes da história no Brasil. Concentra-se no modo como a especificidade capitalista brasileira vincula-se a um processo de contrarrevolução burguesa de longo alcance, com fluxos e refluxos, consolidado com o regime autocrático-burguês de 1964 e que ganha expressão no capitalismo contemporâneo. Apresenta-se aqui um panorama pelo modo como o sociólogo paulista formula o conceito de capitalismo dependente e como as categorias a ele vinculadas oferecem explicação para fenômenos observáveis na realidade brasileira contemporânea. Por fim, é oferecida uma possibilidade de interpretar o período do assim chamado governo “democrático-popular” à luz do conceito e das categorias trabalhadas por Florestan Fernandes em sua crítica marxista da especificidade dependente do capitalismo brasileiro.
PRETOS E PARTOS, UNI-VOS. OS DESAFIOS DE (O) SER NEGRO NO BRASIL DO SÉCULO XXI.
Authors: Gomes Gabriel Pinheiro de Siqueira
Published: July 2021

Este artigo pretende estabelecer um debate sobre o conceito de raça no Brasil que vivemos, através de uma leitura dos clássicos acadêmicos e militantes do Movimento Negro. Deste modo, trata-se de retomar o debate apresentado a duras penas por pensadores comprometidos com a causa negra no Brasil. Os eixos do debate proposto no artigo são o histórico do conceito de raça utilizado no Brasil nas últimas décadas, breve abordagem sobre os censos nacionais; análise das transformações e disputa pelas políticas públicas no âmbito do Estado; por fim, uma observação sobre o conceito de raça/cor adotado pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia Estatística (IBGE) no âmbito da Constituição Cidadã de 1988 como resultado e processo de luta organizada da militância acadêmica e política da negritude nos últimos 40 anos.
Promoção da saúde única: concepções e percepções sobre ambiente e saúde de professores de uma escola pública em Xerém
Authors: Pereira Greisieli Duarte , Mello-Silva Clélia Christina
Published: July 2021

A escola é compreendida como um núcleo educativo, onde além do ensino formal, outras perspectivas como a saúde, fomentam reflexões críticas sobre a realidade e contribuem para a construção de um pensamento complexo. Nesse contexto, os professores são os mentores dos alunos no espaço escolar, pois conduzem os discentes a construção do conhecimento e de sua cidadania. Dada a relevância do binômio ‘saúde e ambiente” este estudo tem por objetivo apresentar as percepções e concepções de professores de uma escola pública, sobre saúde e ambiente, para a elaboração de propostas interventivas visando a promoção da saúde única (One Health). Para o conhecimento das concepções e percepções sobre saúde e ambiente dos docentes foi elaborado como instrumento de coleta de dados um questionário semi-estruturado constituído por perguntas abertas e semi-abertas As concepções e percepções de cada participante sobre  os temas  foram analisadas por meio da técnica análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. As concepções e percepções dos docentes quanto a saúde e ambiente estão pautadas em uma visão paradigmática sustentadas por um pensamento simplista, observado em suas falas e práticas. Essas concepções comandam o discurso e a práxis do professor, muitas vezes limitando suas possibilidades e criatividade, negligenciando o potencial de suas ações e intenções.
A arquitetura hospitalar pós pandemia: adequando hospitais aos novos tempos
Authors: Costeira Elza Maria Alves
Published: July 2021

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
Know your worth
Authors: Wake Charlotte
Published: July 2021

Charlotte Wake discusses the relationship between dental nurses and hygienists
Indemnity and beyond
Authors: Kaney Helen
Published: July 2021

Helen Kaney discusses the factors you should consider when choosing indemnity
Your pandemic-proof career
Authors: Dixon Sally
Published: July 2021

Sally Dixon explains how you can build a career that lasts
Keeping compliant
Authors: Steadman Nicky
Published: July 2021

Nicky Steadman explains how to stay on top of your infection control
Oral health and sports
Authors: Chau Rachel
Published: July 2021

Rachel Chau explores the connection between oral health and athletic performance
Keep smiling!
Authors: Hollis Helen , Juggins Karen
Published: July 2021

Dental Nursing talks to Helen Hollis and Karen Juggins about the Keep Britain Smiling campaign
Screw versus staple fixation for Akin osteotomy
Authors: Fazal MA , Simon H , Bacarese-Hamilton JA , Ray P , Shahid MS
Published: July 2021

Introduction

Akin osteotomies are commonly fixed with a screw or staple. Hardware-related symptoms are not uncommon. We compared the outcomes and costs of the two implants.

Methods

We evaluated 74 Akin osteotomies performed in conjunction with first metatarsal osteotomy for hallux valgus. The osteotomy was fixed with a headless compression screw in 39 cases and a staple in 35 cases. We looked at the implant-related complications, removal of metalwork, revision, non-union and cost. Pre- and postoperative hallux valgus interphalangeal (HI) angles and length of the proximal phalanx were measured.

Results

There was 100% union, no failure of fixation, no revision surgery and no delayed union in either group. The radiological prominence of screws was significant (p=0.02), but there was no significant difference in soft-tissue irritation (p=0.36) or removal of implants (p=0.49). Two cortical breaches (5.8%) occurred in staple fixation and 4 (10.2%) in screw fixation (not statistically significant (NS), p=0.50). The mean improvement in HI angle was 4.3° with screw fixation and 4.1° with staple fixation (NS, p=0.69). The mean shortening of the proximal phalanx was 2.5mm with screw fixation and 2.3mm with staple fixation (NS, p=0.64). The total cost was £1,925 for staple fixation and £4,290 for screw fixation.

Conclusions

Staple and screw fixation are reproducible modalities with satisfactory outcomes, but screw fixation is expensive. We conclude staple fixation is a cost-effective alternative.
Reflection analysis of absorbing film with diffractive structures for incoherent light by rigorous coupled-wave analysis
Authors: Hoshino Tetsuya , Banerjee Saswatee , Aoki Sadao , Itoh Masahide
Published: July 2021

Reflectivity is useful for evaluating the extinction coefficient;
however, it is highly sensitive to the refractive index structure. In
this study, we propose a novel, to the best of our knowledge, method
for evaluating the influence of the structure on reflectivity using
rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA), and apply it to analyze the
reflectivity of the dye rhodamine B. The reflection–absorption
spectrum of the film was significantly affected by its surface and
internal structure. We found that simulating the reflectivity of a
film with an unknown internal structure using the coherency parameter
is convenient. The RCWA facilitated simultaneous treatment of the
coherent diffraction by the surface structure and incoherent
reflection in the film.
Increase of CD4+CD25highFoxP3+ cells impairs in vitro human microbicidal activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis during latent and acute pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Stringari Lorenzzo Lyrio , Covre Luciana Polaco , da Silva Flávia Dias Coelho , de Oliveira Vivian Leite , Campana Maria Carolina , Hadad David Jamil , Palaci Moisés , Salgame Padmini , Dietze Reynaldo , Gomes Daniel Cláudio de Oliveira , Ribeiro-Rodrigues Rodrigo
Published: July 2021

Background

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, modulating host responses while neutralizing excessive inflammation. However, their impact on regulating host protective immunity is not completely understood. Here, we demonstrate that Treg cells abrogate the in vitro microbicidal activity against Mtb.

Methods

We evaluated the in vitro microbicidal activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with active tuberculosis (TB), individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI, TST+/IGRA+) and healthy control (HC, TST-/IGRA-) volunteers. PBMCs, depleted or not of CD4+CD25+ T-cells, were analyzed to determine frequency and influence on microbicidal activity during in vitro Mtb infection with four clinical isolates (S1, S5, R3, and R6) and one reference strain (H37Rv).

Results

The frequency of CD4+CD25highFoxP3+ cells were significantly higher in Mtb infected whole blood cultures from both TB patients and LTBI individuals when compared to HC. Data from CD4+CD25+ T-cells depletion demonstrate that increase of CD4+CD25highFoxP3+ is associated with an impairment of Th-1 responses and a diminished in vitro microbicidal activity of LTBI and TB groups.

Conclusions

Tregs restrict host anti-mycobacterial immunity during active disease and latent infection and thereby may contribute to both disease progression and pathogen persistence.
Diagnostic efficacy of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Fluorescence based Microscope for the diagnosis of Tuberculous lymphadenitis
Authors: Assefa Gebeyehu , Desta Kassu , Araya Shambel , Girma Selfu , Mihret Adane , Hailu Tsegaye , Atnafu Abay , Endalafer Nigatu , Abera Adugna , Bekele Shiferaw , Birhanu Leila , Diriba Getu , Mengistu Yordanos , Dagne Biniyam , Bobosha Kidist , Aseffa Abraham
Published: July 2021

Background

The comparatively straightforward and cheaper light-emitting diode fluorescent microscope (LEDFM) was suggested by WHO to replace conventional microscope in tuberculosis (TB) laboratories. However, the comparable efficacy of each of those techniques differs from laboratory to laboratory. We investigated the efficacy of LEDFM for the diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBLN) patients.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 211 samples from clinically suspected tuberculous lymphadenitis patients. Three smears were prepared from FNA on microscope slides for cytomorphology study, Auramine O (AO), and for Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining. The left-over samples were inoculated onto Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) media. Statistical analysis was done using STATA version 11. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated by considering the culture results as the gold standard using a 95% confidence interval.

Results

Among 211 samples 49.7% (105) were positive by cytomorphology, 32.7% (69) by LEDFM, 23.69% (50) by LJ culture, and 13.7% (29) by ZN. Compared to the gold standard sensitivity of ZN, LEDFM, and cytomorphology were 30% [95% CI: 17.9–44.6], 66% [95% CI: 51.2–78.8] 78% [95% CI: 64–88.5], respectively. The specificity of ZN, LEDFM, and cytomorphology was 91.3% [95% CI: 85.8–95.2], 77.6% [95% CI: 70.4–83.8], 58.8% [95% CI: 50.7–66.5], respectively.

Conclusion

LED fluorescence microscopy gives a legitimate option in contrast to conventional ZN techniques in terms of its higher sensitivity, a bit lower specificity, time-saving, and minimal effort.
Breakpoint modelling of temporal associations between non-pharmaceutical interventions and symptomatic COVID-19 incidence in the Republic of Ireland
Authors: Boudou Martin , ÓhAiseadha Coilin , Garvey Patricia , O’Dwyer Jean , Hynds Paul
Published: July 2021

Background

To constrain propagation and mitigate the burden of COVID-19, most countries initiated and continue to implement several non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), including national and regional lockdowns. In the Republic of Ireland, the first national lockdown was decreed on 23rd of March 2020, followed by a succession of restriction increases and decreases (phases) over the following year. To date, the effects of these interventions remain unclear, and particularly within differing population subsets. The current study sought to assess the impact of individual NPI phases on COVID-19 transmission patterns within delineated population subgroups in the Republic of Ireland.

Methods and findings

Confirmed, anonymised COVID-19 cases occurring between the 29th of February 2020 and 30th November 2020 (n = 72,654) were obtained. Segmented modelling via breakpoint regression with multiple turning points was employed to identify structural breaks across sub-populations, including primary/secondary infections, age deciles, urban/commuter/rural areas, patients with underlying health conditions, and socio-demographic profiles. These were subsequently compared with initiation dates of eight overarching NPI phases.

Five distinct breakpoints were identified. The first breakpoint, associated with a decrease in the daily COVID-19 incidence, was reported within 14 days of the first set of restrictions in mid-March 2020 for most population sub-groups. Results suggest that moderately strict NPIs were more effective than the strictest Phase 5 (National Lockdown). Divergences were observed across population sub-groups; lagged response times were observed among populations >80 years, residents of rural/ commuter regions, and cases associated with a below-median deprivation score.

Conclusions

Study findings suggest that many NPIs have been successful in decreasing COVID-19 incidence rates, however the strictest Phase 5 NPI was not. Moreover, NPIs were not equally successful across all sub-populations, with differing response times noted. Future strategies and interventions may need to be increasingly bespoke, based on sub-population profiles and required responses.
Growth dynamics among adolescent girls in Bangladesh: Evidence from nationally representative data spanning 2011–2014
Authors: Adams A. M. , Khan A. , Roy A. S. , Hassan Md. T. , Mridha M. K. , Ahmed N. U. , Mustaphi P. , Chowdhury I. , Khondker R. , Hyder Z.
Published: July 2021

Background

Adolescence is the last opportunity to reverse any growth faltering accumulated from fetal life through childhood and it is considered a crucial period to optimize human development. In Bangladesh, a growing double burden of underweight and obesity in adolescents is recognized, yet limited data exists on how, when, and where to intervene. This study assesses the dynamics of growth among adolescent girls in Bangladesh, providing insight about critical junctures where faltering occurs and where immediate interventions are warranted.

Methods

We pooled data from Bangladesh’s Food Security and Nutrition Surveillance Project collected between 2011 and 2014 to document the age dynamics of weight and linear growth. 20,572 adolescent girls were measured for height and 19,345 for weight. We constructed growth curves for height, weight, stunting, and underweight. We also stratified growth dynamics by wealth quintile to assess socioeconomic inequities in adolescent trajectories.

Results

Height-for-age z-score (HAZ) in Bangladeshi girls deteriorates throughout adolescence and especially during the early years. Mean HAZ decreases by 0.20 standard deviations (sd) per year in early adolescence (10–14 years) vs 0.06 sd/year during late adolescence (15–19 years), while stunting increases by 16 percentage points (pp) vs 6.7 pp, respectively. Conversely, BMI-for-age z-score (BAZ) increases by 0.13 sd/year in early adolescence vs 0.02 sd/year in late adolescence, and underweight decreases by 12.8 pp vs 3.2 pp. Adolescent girls in all socioeconomic groups show a similar pattern of HAZ and BAZ dynamics, but the curve for the richest quintile stays above that of the poorest across all ages.

Conclusions

Trends and levels of stunting and underweight among adolescent girls in Bangladesh are worrisome, suggesting substantial linear growth faltering in early adolescence, with improving weight-for-age occurring only as linear growth slows and stops. Given the rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Bangladesh and emerging evidence of the link between stunting and later chronic diseases, greater attention to adolescent growth and development is needed. Our findings suggest that, to address stunting, interventions in early adolescence would have the greatest benefits. School-based interventions could be a way to target this population.
Routine antibiotics may not be needed to treat uncomplicated right diverticulitis: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Kil-yong , Lee Jaeim , Park Youn Young , Oh Seong Taek
Published: July 2021

We aimed to investigate whether antibiotic administration is necessary for patients with uncomplicated right colonic diverticulitis. Data from patients diagnosed with uncomplicated right colonic diverticulitis, who received inpatient treatment at a single center between January 2019 and January 2021, were retrospectively examined. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether antibiotics were administered. The patients were matched between groups using propensity score matching in a 1:1 ratio using logistic regression with the nearest-neighbor method. The primary study outcome was the length of hospital stay, and the secondary outcomes were time to the introduction of sips of water and a soft diet. The study included 138 patients who received antibiotics and 59 who did not. After propensity score matching, 55 patients were assigned to each treatment group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age (p = 0.772), sex (p>0.999), body mass index (p = 0.121), prehospital symptom duration (p = 0.727), initial body temperature (p = 0.661), white blood cell count (p = 0.688), or C-reactive protein level (p = 0.337). There was also no statistically significant difference in the length of hospital stay between the no antibiotic and antibiotic groups (3.1±0.7 days vs. 3.0±1.0 days, p = 0.584). Additionally, no significant difference was observed between the no antibiotic and antibiotic groups with respect to time to sips of water (2.1±0.7 days vs. 1.8±0.9 days, p = 0.100) and time to the introduction of a soft diet (2.4±0.8 days vs. 2.1±0.9 days, p = 0.125). The findings suggest that routine antibiotics may be not required for treating patients with uncomplicated right colonic diverticulitis.
Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in the environment: Identifying key reservoirs and hotspots of antifungal resistance
Authors: Burks Caroline , Darby Alexandria , Gómez Londoño Luisa , Momany Michelle , Brewer Marin T.
Published: July 2021

Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic human pathogen that causes aspergillosis, a spectrum of environmentally acquired respiratory illnesses. It has a cosmopolitan distribution and exists in the environment as a saprotroph on decaying plant matter. Azoles, which target Cyp51A in the ergosterol synthesis pathway, are the primary class of drugs used to treat aspergillosis. Azoles are also used to combat plant pathogenic fungi. Recently, an increasing number of azole-naive patients have presented with pan-azole–resistant strains of A. fumigatus. The TR34/L98H and TR46/Y121F/T289A alleles in the cyp51A gene are the most common ones conferring pan-azole resistance. There is evidence that these mutations arose in agricultural settings; therefore, numerous studies have been conducted to identify azole resistance in environmental A. fumigatus and to determine where resistance is developing in the environment. Here, we summarize the global occurrence of azole-resistant A. fumigatus in the environment based on available literature. Additionally, we have created an interactive world map showing where resistant isolates have been detected and include information on the specific alleles identified, environmental settings, and azole fungicide use. Azole-resistant A. fumigatus has been found on every continent, except for Antarctica, with the highest number of reports from Europe. Developed environments, specifically hospitals and gardens, were the most common settings where azole-resistant A. fumigatus was detected, followed by soils sampled from agricultural settings. The TR34/L98H resistance allele was the most common in all regions except South America where the TR46/Y121F/T289A allele was the most common. A major consideration in interpreting this survey of the literature is sampling bias; regions and environments that have been extensively sampled are more likely to show greater azole resistance even though resistance could be more prevalent in areas that are under-sampled or not sampled at all. Increased surveillance to pinpoint reservoirs, as well as antifungal stewardship, is needed to preserve this class of antifungals for crop protection and human health.
From Tory Boy to #sadmanonatrain: Great British Railway Journeys and the hard and soft masculinities of Michael Portillo
Authors: De Ornellas Kevin
Published: July 2021

Before 2005, Michael Portillo was a reviled populist, right-wing British Conservative politician. Seemingly, he is a now a mellowed national treasure due largely to his approachable, friendly, prolific series of travelogues, Great British Railway Journeys (2010–present). This multi-series documentary has been a remarkable BBC success: delivering upbeat music, dynamic camera work, a repetitive format, rosy-tinted Victoriana and celebratory subject matter, the programme makers ensure that the programme is feel-good, cosy, nostalgic and soothing. But Portillo’s political inclinations are apparent: Portillo, sometimes quite subtly, expresses consistently his passion for free enterprise, for the supposed benefits of historical colonialism, for the monarchy, for the military and for social liberalism. A believer in an enterprise-encouraging small state and in personal liberty and social mobility, Portillo’s politics chime in directly with the current thinking of the Conservative Party leadership. In short, the apparently benign travelogue series promotes Portillo’s mainstream post-Thatcherite British Conservatism: an analysis of the ubiquitous programme’s understated but clear Conservatism counters right-wing accusations about the BBC’s alleged leftist bias.
For glory: State celebration and its building blocks
Authors: Bešter Vid
Published: July 2021

In this contribution I attempt to understand the structure and aesthetic means of the national celebration, using a highly irresponsible method – a mixture of prejudice, speculation and observation. From the general observations based on the archives of Television Slovenia and limited experience with state celebrations, I am discovering individual examples and elements of the expression of the state celebrations of the past year, when celebrations broke into the public domain exceptionally and in the form of a scandal. I am trying to answer the question of what makes a national celebration effective and what enabled the SDS party to effectively appropriate the form despite their low standard. Ultimately, I also speculate on the question of how this could be countered.
War against the experts: The 2020 staff tsunami in culture
Authors: Pureber Tjaša
Published: July 2021

The Slovenian government changed the leadership of several state museums in 2020. Highly politicized changes in cultural insti-tutions were happening in the past as well, but never before have we seen such systematic pushing out of experts. The Ministry of Culture declared a war on expertise. With their methodology of leadership changes, they reinforced a tectonic break with expert based decision making, to a cultural policy that prefers decision making based on highly politicized opinions of politicians. I am researching the latest wave of leadership changes through concrete case studies.
Old factory no. 72
Authors: Savič Urška
Published: July 2021

This article focuses on the Rog factory in Ljubljana from the perspective of an active member of the Preserve the Rog Factory Group in 2016. It is therefore based on an understanding that has been formed on the basis of collective action, endless group discussions and first-hand experiences of cornucopia. More than the internal dynamics of the community, it is mainly focused on the relationship of the exterior to the building and the Rog community, as well as the context of the unwillingness of the municipal authorities to deal with the organic growth of the city. It explicitly refers to and recalls texts that have already been written, which toot the same horn.
From the neoliberal to the Visegrad cultural policy?
Authors: Kraner Kaja
Published: July 2021

Based on an overview of the key features of neoliberal cultural policy, this contribution focuses on the question of whether it is possible to detect the emergence of a new cultural-political paradigm in Slovenia from March 2020 onwards. I am particularly interested in the relationship between the expert commissions and the representatives of the Ministry of Culture or the Minister, and at the same time in the rotation of staff in key public institutions and their legitimation. As I demonstrate, it would be difficult to speak of a radically new cultural-political paradigm in the last year, but rather of the return of an aestheticist and socially indeterminate conception of art.
CO2-aren balorizazio zuzena hidrokarburoak ekoizteko
Authors: Ateka Ainara , Portillo Ander , Ereña Javier , Bilbao Javier
Published: July 2021

Erregai fosilen errekuntzek eragindako klima-aldaketa pairatzea da egungo gizartearen erronka nagusietariko bat. Errekuntza horiek isuritako berotegi-efektuko gasen artean ugariena karbono dioxidoa (CO2) da, haien % 75 inguru. Beraz, honen emisioak murriztea eta dagoeneko isuritakoa bahitzea ezinbestekoa da klima-aldaketak eragindako ingurumen-kaltea ahalik eta gehien murrizteko. Horretarako, ezinbestekoak dira CCU teknologiak (karbono dioxidoaren bahiketa eta erabilera). CO2-a erabiltzen duten prozesuen artean, bihurtze katalitikoak etorkizun laburrean ezartzeko aukera onak ditu. Prozesu katalitikoen artean, ohikoena CO2-aren hidrogenazioa da, hidrokarburoak lortuz. Prozesu honen moldakortasuna da bere ezaugarri interesgarrienetakoa; izan ere, modu hautakorrean hidrokarburo ezberdinak ekoizten dira; besteak beste, olefinak, parafina astunak zein arinak eta aromatikoak. Operazio baldintzak, katalizatzaile motak eta beren ezaugarriak, zein lorturiko CO2-aren balorizazio-mailak ekoiztu nahi den hidrokarburoaren araberakoak dira.
Konpartimentu-espezifikoko gertuko biotinilazioa: XPO1en esportazio-kargoak identifikatzeko hurbilketa berria
Authors: Sendino Maria , Ramírez Juanma , Mayor Ugo , Prieto Gorka , Omaetxebarria Miren Josu , Rodríguez Jose Antonio
Published: July 2021

Nukleo eta zitoplasmaren arteko banaketa da zelula eukariotoen ezaugarririk bereizgarriena. Konpartimentuok fisikoki banaturik egon arren, elkarren arteko komunikazioa etengabea da, eta horretarako estuki erregulaturiko garraio-sistema dago zeina zelularen homeostasia mantendu eta minbizia bezalako gaixotasunak ekiditeko ezinbestekoa den. Garraio-sistema honetako pieza gakoa XPO1 esportina da zeinak kargo deritzen proteina askoren nukleotik zitoplasmaranzko esportazioa egikaritzen duen. Esportina honen eta minbiziaren arteko lotura maiz aipatu izan da, eta badira XPO1 inhibitzen duten agente terapeutikoak. XPO1en inhibizioak bere kargoen banaketa azpizelularrean aldaketak eragingo dituela espero daiteke. Alabaina, XPO1en kargo asko ezagunak badira ere, bere kargo bilduma osoa ez da zehaztu oraindik, eta honek XPO1 ikerketa proteomikoetarako kandidatu oso interesgarri bilakatzen du. Hau honela, estrategia proteomiko berri bat diseinatu dugu, zeinetan APEX2 peroxidasa erabiliz konpartimentu-espezifikoko gertuko biotinilazioa burutu dugun XPO1en kargo berriak bilatzeko. Horretarako, APEX2 zitoplasma eta nukleora ituratu dugu eta, biotinilatutako proteinak afinitate-purifikazioz arrantzatu ostean, masa-espektrometriaz identifikatu ditugu. Lan honetan azaldutako kontzeptu-froga esperimentuaren emaitzek erakusten dute estrategia hau, XPO1en inhibizio espezifikoarekin konbinatuz, kargo berriak identifikatzeko baliagarria izan daitekeela. Hurbilketa berri honek beraz, kargo gehiagoren identifikazioa erraztearekin batera, XPO1en mendeko garraioan sakondu eta terapeutikoki erabiltzen diren XPO1en inhibitzaileek zelula mailan duten eragina argitzeko balio dezake ere.
Hezegune eraikiak ur grisen tratamendurako
Authors: Parra Onintze , Mijangos Federico , Aguado Roberto
Published: July 2021

Hezegune eraikiak ur grisen tratamendurako sistema merkeak, instalatzeko errazak eta jasangarriak dira, ohiko kutsatzaileak eliminatzeko gaitasun handia dutelako. Gainazaleko eta gainazal azpiko fluxuko erakoak dira hezegune eraiki mota nagusiak, azkenak hondakin uren tratamendurako eraginkorragoak izanik. Bakoitzaren hoberena aprobetxatzeko, gero eta erabiliagoak dira bi hezegune motak konbinatzen dituzten sistema hibridoak. Hondakin-uren arazketa ona izan dadin, ezinbestekoa da diseinu-parametroen aukeraketa egokia, eta funtsezkoa da landarediaren hautaketa. Izan ere, hezegune eraikian elikatzen diren ur grisek materia organiko eta mantenugai ugari daramatzate, eta landareak eta mikroorganismoak izango dira kutsatzaile horien eliminazioaren arduradun. Karga organiko handia izateaz gain, hezegunean elikatzen diren hondakin-urek solido esekiak eta konposatu nitrogenatuak daramatzate. Hortaz, hezeguneek ohantze iragazleak izan ohi dituzte lehenengoak eliminatzeko, eta nitrifikazio- eta desnitrifikazio-prozesuak gauzatzen dituzte konposatu nitrogenatuak desagerrarazteko. Lan honetan, hezegune eraiki moten ezaugarriak eta horien abantailak zein desabantailak aztertu dira, bertan elikatzen diren uren karakterizazioa laburtu da, eta, azkenik, hezegune eraikietan urak arazteko gauzatzen diren prozesu fisiko, kimiko zein biologiko nagusiak bildu dira.
La agroindustria y la pandemia: enfermedades infecciosas y la ganadería industrial
Authors: De Campos Silva Allan Rodrigo
Published: July 2021

Esta reseña presenta las ideas centrales del libro Pandemia e agronegócio: doenças infecciosas, capitalismo e ciência (Wallace, 2020), escrito por el biólogo Rob Wallace. En líneas generales, el libro realiza una investigación global e interdisciplinaria sobre la aparición de nuevos patógenos, como virus y bacterias, en la ganadería intensiva. A partir del estudio del origen de brotes epidémicos y pandémicos, como la gripe aviar en 2003 en China y la gripe porcina en México en 2009, el autor crea un marco que integra el análisis de la salud pública, la salud animal y complejos sistemas ecológicos.
Cultura en nuestras manos: puentes semánticos entre las poblaciones indígenas y la sociedad occidental en la era de los proyectos
Authors: Bomfim Neto Virgilio
Published: July 2021

Los Katukina (Noke Koi) tienen su territorio dentro del estado de Acre, en Brasil. Sus primeros contactos con la sociedad occidental se produjeron a finales del siglo XIX, cuando los migrantes viajaron por la cuenca del Amazonas en busca de árboles de caucho. Desde entonces han estado en contacto permanente, primero ayudando a los patrones y recolectores de caucho como guías, cazadores y en la producción de caucho. El reciente éxito de los pueblos vecinos en la obtención de recursos de proyectos de ONGs ha despertado en los líderes el interés de hacer algo similar y, por lo tanto, promover a través de la “cultura” la entrada de recursos en sus tierras. Este artículo describe la colaboración entre el antropólogo y los Noke Koi en la fundación de una asociación y sus desarrollos en el contexto del fortalecimiento de los pueblos indígenas y sus asociaciones en la Amazonia. A partir del encuentro etnográfico podremos analizar la complejidad de las relaciones entre los Katukina y la sociedad circundante, así como lo que nuestros interlocutores realmente buscan cuando participan en estas actividades.
Choosing the Lesser Evil: Forecasting Presidential Elections in Peru
Authors: Arce Moisés , Vera Sofía
Published: July 2021

The Peruvian political landscape is dominated by the weakness of party organizations, the continuous rotation of political personalities, and, in turn, high electoral volatility and uncertainty. Nevertheless, we observe patterns of electoral competition that suggest candidates learn to capture the political center and compete over the continuation of an economic model that has sustained growth. We use this information to record the vote intention for the candidate viewed as the lesser evil. Our forecasting results predict a good share of the variation in political support for this candidate. The out-of-sample prediction also comes fairly close to the real electoral results. These findings provide some degree of electoral certainty in an area that, to date, remains understudied.
Correlation between Hemispherectomy and Hemiparesis in Drug Resistant Epilepsy
Authors: Mashael Al Khateeb , Maryam Haris , Ayesha Razack Raidah
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose: Refractory epilepsy is when seizures are unresponsive to two or more medications. Hemispherectomy, one of the treatment options, is the complete removal or functional disconnection of a cerebral hemisphere. Hemiparesis, a symptom of epilepsy, is defined as weakness of one side of the body. Patients with refractory epilepsy, who experience extreme seizure frequency, are subjected to hemispherectomy. This study focuses on finding the correlation between hemispherectomy and hemiparesis, discovering a pattern in its severity levels before and after surgery.Methods: Data was collected from 59 epileptic patients suffering from refractory epilepsy, who underwent hemispherectomy, at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, from 1998 to 2014. Each patient was monitored over a period of 1-year post-surgery. In this study, we wanted to further explore the correlation between hemispherectomy and hemiparesis.Results: Upon analyzing the sample size, the level of hemiparesis pre and post hemispherectomy remained the same for 32 patients, of which 13 patients had mild levels pre-surgery and 19 patients had moderate to severe levels pre-surgery. However, 20 of the patients who had moderate to severe levels of hemiparesis before the surgery had either no hemiparesis or a mild level after surgery, which signified an improvement in their severity level. On the other hand, seven of the patients went from having no hemiparesis before the surgery to having moderate or severe levels of hemiparesis post-surgery. Although the results were clinically significant, they were not statistically significant as the p-value obtained was 0.31.Conclusions: After analyzing the results, it can be concluded that hemispherectomy does decrease the severity of hemiparesis in an epileptic patient, thereby improving his/her quality of life drastically.
Pharmacoresistant Abdominal Seizures in Symptomatic Localization-Related Epilepsy
Authors: Tushar Vadakke Puthanveetil , Sureshbabu Sachin , Sruthi Kunnath Gopalakrishnan , Mohanlal Smilu
Published: July 2021

Abdominal epilepsy is an uncommon cause of recurrent abdominal pain with or without other complaints seen in children and adults which often goes unnoticed. Here we are presenting a case of abdominal epilepsy in a 7-year boy who had recurrent abdominal pain since many years. He had a history of ventriculoperitoneal shunting which was performed for obstructive hydrocephalus at 1 month and left hemiparesis. He was evaluated at multiple centers for abdominal complaints before being referred here. The video electroencephalogram done showed inter ictal and ictal abnormalities which correlated with magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography abnormalities on the right side. He was started on antiepileptics with a partial response and continued to get events even with four antiepileptics but the frequency and severity reduced significantly. The present case report is to highlight the drug refractoriness of abdominal seizures in a patient with symptomatic focal epilepsy.
Teaching the Pandemic in the Social Studies Classroom
Authors: Gorman William
Published: July 2021

In this editorial, Professor William Gorman (an educator with 30 years’ experience) explores the delicate but important matter of teaching the pandemic even as we are still dealing with its consequences, and provides a brief list of resources that might prove a useful starting point for educators.
Investigation of the prediction capability of Yld89 yield criterion for highly anisotropic sheet materials
Authors: ŞENER Bora
Published: July 2021

In the present work, the prediction capability of Yld89 criterion from anisotropic yield func- tions was investigated in the view of the anisotropic behavior of the sheet metals. Investigation was conducted on two highly anisotropic sheet materials: an aluminum alloy (AA2090-T3) and an advanced high strength steel (TRIP 780). The in-plane variation of material anisotropy and normalized yield surface contours were considered in the evaluation of the prediction capability of the criterion. Firstly, the model coefficients were determined according to stress and strain based definitions. Then, the planar variations of the yield stress and plastic strain ratios and normalized yield surface contours of the materials were predicted according to both identification procedures. Finally, the computed results were compared with experiments to evaluate prediction capability of the model. It was observed from the comparisons that the pla- nar variations of the yield stress ratio could successfully predicted by stress based definition, while the variations of the plastic strain ratios in the sheet plane could accurately predicted by strain based definition. Besides, it was determined that elastic region predicted from strain based definition was larger than stress based definition for AA2090-T3, while the predicted elastic region from stress based definition was slightly larger in than that of strain based defi- nition for TRIP 780 material.
Językowy obraz wolności w pismach ks. Franciszka Blachnickiego
Authors: Kominek Andrzej
Published: July 2021

Analiza językowego obrazu wolności w pismach ks. Franciszka Blachnickiego, założyciela Ruchu „Światło-Życie”, wskazuje kilka ważnych cech tego obrazu. Charakteryzuje się on dużym bogactwem leksemów odnoszących się do pola pojęciowo-leksykalnego wolności i niewoli. W obrębie tych dwóch pól można wymienić różnego typu relacje znaczeniowe, ale dominują pary opozycyjnych leksemów typu: wolny – niewolnik, wyzwolenie – zniewolenie, wolność – swawola. W obrazie wolności ks. F. Blachnickiego określenia pozytywne górują zdecydowanie przed określeniami negatywnymi. Autor używa łagodniejszych terminów na określenie złego używania wolności, np. zamiast o swawoli czy samowoli mówi o pseudowolności. Rezygnuje z żywej w dyskursie religijnym metafory niewoli jako określenia szczególnego oddania się Bogu i ludziom. W zamian proponuje synonimy zależność i służba, chcąc uniknąć zdecydowanie pejoratywnej konotacji, jaką niesie w połączeniach typu niewola miłości słowo niewola.
O języku Catechismusa Mikołaja Reja (funkcjonowanie przysłówków)
Authors: Kozaryn Dorota
Published: July 2021

Celem niniejszej pracy jest analiza funkcjonowania przysłówków w części Catechismusa Mikołaja Reja. Badaniu poddano 67 leksemów, które użyte zostały w sumie 205 razy (co stanowi zaledwie 2,37% wszystkich tekstowych słów pochodzących z badania Catechismusa) z częstotliwością od 1 do 18, które pokazują, że ten sam przysłówek – w zależności od kontekstu – może spełniać różne funkcje i przyjmować różne odcienie znaczenia. Podkreślić trzeba także to, że religijnego charakteru tego tekstu nie można było rozpoznać, opierając się wyłącznie na przysłówkach wspomnianych w artykule. Z drugiej strony, to czy przysłówki charakteryzujące się najwyższą częstotliwością w analizowanym fragmencie Katechizmu, tj. iście (użyte 18 razy), ustawicznie (16 razy), snadnie (15 razy) i zawżdy (11 razy), pojawiłyby się też i miałyby największą liczbę zastosowań w innych tekstach o charakterze religijnym, wymaga podjęcia dodatkowych badań.
Echo modlitwy wewnętrznej w notatkach Karola Wojtyły – Jana Pawła II
Authors: Nowak Małgorzata
Published: July 2021

Przedmiotem analiz autorki są modlitewne rozważania Karola Wojtyły – Jana Pawła II zawarte w zbiorze: Jestem bardzo w rękach Bożych. Notatki osobiste 1962–2003. Badane są te fragmenty tekstu, w których nadawca jest tożsamy z odbiorcą, a modlitewne akty o charakterze wewnętrznym – medytacje, kontemplacje i adoracje – tworzą jeden z składników dnia skupienia lub rekolekcji pojmowanych jako makrogatunek (gatunek w formie kolekcji). Ujęzykowione modlitwy wewnętrzne pozwalają na ich ogląd zarówno w aspekcie genologicznym, jak i pod kątem cech stylowych. W rekolekcyjnych rozmyślaniach Karola Wojtyły uwidocznione zostają takie wykładniki stylu religijnego, jak: symboliczne widzenie świata, dążenie do odsłonięcia tego, co trudno wyrażalne w języku dyskursywnym i niedostępne w doświadczeniu potocznym, kontemplacyjna postawa wobec rzeczywistości oraz stylistycznie rozumiana kategoria medytacyjności.
A comparative study of various Smith predictor configurations for industrial delay processes
Authors: Korupu Vijaya Lakshmi , Muthukumarasamy Manimozhi
Published: July 2021

Efficient control of industrial delay processes is a challenging problem in the field of process control. Time delays are generally experienced in industrial processes from distance velocity lags, composition analysis loops, recycle time, mass, and energy transportation time. A high time delay adds a large phase lag to the system, thereby affecting the closed-loop control system stability and thus not easily controlled with PID approach. Smith predictor (SP) is a prominent technique based on process model for processes with high time delay. Unfortunately, the performance of SP deteriorates when the plant model is inaccurate. To overcome the problems related to conventional SP, various modifications have been suggested over the years in terms of structure alterations and controller parameters tuning improvements. This paper focuses on a comparative study of various Smith predictor configurations available in the literature for controlling inverse, integrating, stable and unstable industrial processes with time delay.
Effect of the beta-adrenergic blockade on intestinal lactate production and glycogen concentration in dogs infused with hexoses
Authors: Allen Michael O. , Salman Toyin M. , Alada Abdul Rasak A. , Odetayo Adeyemi F. , Patrick Eli B. , Salami Shakiru A.
Published: July 2021

Objectives

To investigate effect of beta adrenergic blockade on intestinal lactate production and glycogen concentration in dogs infused with hexoses.

Methods

Experiments were carried out on 35 fasted male anaesthetized dogs weighing between 9 and 16 kg. The animals were divided into 7 (5 dogs per group) groups. Group I dogs served as control and infused with normal saline, groups II-IV were intravenously infused with glucose (1.1 mg/kg/min), fructose (1.1 mg/kg/min) and galactose (1.1 mg/kg/min) respectively while groups V-VII animals were pretreated with propranolol (0.5 mg/kg) and were infused with glucose, fructose or galactose respectively. A vein draining the proximal segment of the jejunum was cannulated along with right and left femoral arteries and veins. Glucose uptake was calculated as the product of jejunal blood flow and the difference between arterial and venous glucose levels (A-V glucose), part of the jejunum tissue was homogenized for estimation of glycogen concentration, and plasma lactate was assayed using lactate colorimetric kit.

Results

The result showed significant increase in venous lactate production in response to glucose (78.30 ± 4.57 mg/dL), fructose (60.72 ± 1.82 mg/dL) and galactose (71.70 ± 1.30 mg/dL) when compared with the control group (51.75 ± 1.32 mg/dL) at (p<0.05) with no significant difference in animals pretreated with propranolol. There was no significant difference in glycogen concentration (p>0.05) in animals infused with hexoses only compared with propanolol pretreated group.

Conclusions

Results suggests that one of the possible fates of the enormous amount of glucose taken up by the intestine is conversion to lactate and not glycogen and β-adrenergic receptor does not affect it.