bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On-Demand Video Tagging, Annotation, and Segmentation in Lecture Recordings to Enhance E-learning Effectiveness
Authors: D. Nguyen Ken , Asadur Rahman Muhammad
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced much of the academic world to transition into online operations and online learning. Interactions between the teachers and students are carried out via online video conferencing software where possible. All video conferencing software available today is designed for general usage and not for classroom teaching and learning. In this study, we analyzed the features and effectiveness of more than a dozen major video conferencing software that are being used to replace the physical face-to-face learning experiences. While some of the video conferencing software has pause feature but none allow annotation and segmentation of the recording. We propose tagging and annotation during the live streaming to improve direct access to any portion of the recorded video. We also propose automatic segmentation of the video based on the tagging so that the video is short, targeted, and can easily be identified.
Resisting Equality: Subnational State Capture and the Unequal Distribution of Inequality
Authors: Gonźalez Lucas , Nazareno Marcelo
Published: May 2021

Inequality is unequally distributed across the territory, and national averages obscure this variation. Pockets of very high inequality persist at the subnational level of government, even when national governments implement large scale redistributive policies. This study investigates
which factors at the subnational level may help explaining differences in income inequality across units. The main claim is that in subnational units where local economic elites capture provincial states by occupying relevant positions in their governments have lower taxes on land, spend less
in social programs, have more repression of federal labor rights, and, as a consequence, have higher inequality. The study uses a large-N analysis of original panel data for Argentina, presents a comparative study of two cases, and explores some comparative implications in the conclusions.
Toxicity of polyvinyl alcohols in medicinal chemistry
Authors: DALYAN Orkun , ÖZTÜRK Ömer Faruk , PİŞKİN Mehmet
Published: May 2021

Polyvinyl alcohol (Chemical Abstracts Service No: 9002-89-5), biodegradable, biocompatible, water-soluble, odorless, tasteless, transparent, white to creamy granular or powder appearance, and is a synthetic hydroxy polymer used in a broad variety of industrial, trading, medicinal and food implementations. The aim of this review is to back the safety of polyvinyl alcohol qua a coating agent for medicinal chemistry and dietary addition products, considering the current knowledge of polyvinyl alcohol. All available information on polyvinyl alcohol obtained from a comprehensive scientific literature review was seriously evaluated. Orally directed polyvinyl alcohol is comparatively harmless. The safety of polyvinyl alcohol when directed orally is based on: (a) Acute oral toxicity LD50 rates are in the range of 14.7–20 g/kg, very low, (b) is very poorly absorbed from the digestive system, (c) does not accumulate in the body, (d) the highest levels of polyvinyl alcohol with no observed adverse effects when directed orally in male and female rats, 5000 mg / kg body weight / day in a 90-day diet survey as the highest dose tested and 5000 mg / kg body weight / day was found in two generation reproductive studies.
Formulação de problemas do campo conceitual multiplicativo no Ensino Fundamental: uma prática inserida na metodologia de resolução de problemas
Authors: Altoé Renan Oliveira
Published: May 2021

A pesquisa, aqui relatada, de natureza qualitativa e de caracter experimental, teve com objetivo investigar contribuições de atividades pautadas na Formulação de Problemas para o ensino de conceitos de multiplicação e divisão nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. Sua importância pautou-se na necessidade de novas reflexões referentes à proposição de problemas em sala de aula, inserindo, desta vez, a possibilidade dos estudantes de formularem problemas de matemática. Foi desenhada na metodologia da Engenharia Didática, e desenvolvida com 28 estudantes de um 5º ano, de uma Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental e Médio do município de Vargem Alta – ES, envolvendo, também, a participação colaborativa da professora regente. Concluiu-se que as propostas de Formulação de Problemas apresentaram potencial educativo à medida que possibilitaram a Formulação de Problemas envolvendo multiplicação e divisão, cujas produções carregaram aspectos conceituais matemáticos e motivacionais (situações cotidianas próximas dos estudantes) para o ensino e aprendizagem dessas operações, contribuindo para gerar motivação na resolução de seus próprios problemas de matemática.
Jogo digital contribuindo na compreensão das operações com números naturais e decimais
Authors: Ritter Denise , Bulegon Ana Marli
Published: May 2021

Os jogos digitais são um recurso que pode ser utilizado no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de conceitos matemáticos. Nessa perspectiva, apresentamos os resultados obtidos com a criação do jogo digital “Ida à padaria” na plataforma FazGame e sua aplicação com uma turma de estudantes do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental. O jogo é baseado em uma situação cotidiana e apresenta situações problema sobre as operações com números Naturais e Decimais. Para jogar, cada estudante utilizou seu celular ou um tablet. Percebeu-se que os estudantes estiveram animados durante a atividade com o jogo; efetuaram os cálculos de adição e subtração com facilidade e rapidez e frequentemente, relataram exemplos de situações do cotidiano que envolviam as operações matemáticas, dessa forma, pode-se concluir que a atividade apresentou resultados positivos, diante do modo de pensar matemático das operações com números Naturais e Decimais.
Antecedentes, desarrollo y aplicaciones tempranas de la psicología en El Salvador (1850-1950) II
Authors: Portillo Nelson
Published: May 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar los orígenes, el desarrollo y las aplicaciones tempranas de la psicología en El Salvador, desde 1850 hasta 1950. Esta investigación pone al descubierto el dinamismo y la relevancia que la psicología y su saber tuvieron en la sociedad salvadoreña antes de 1956, año en el que se funda oficialmente el primer programa de psicología. En particular, se señala que los ámbitos en los que el saber psicológico emergió y evolucionó en El Salvador, fueron el filosófico, el educativo y el médico. Además de tratar los eventos y los personajes más significativos, que impactaron el desarrollo de la psicología, este trabajo sugiere que el estado de esta, en El Salvador, en el período revisado, estaba a la altura de los avances alcanzados en otros países latinoamericanos, sobre todo en las áreas de la educación y la psicotécnica.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 61, No. 690, 2006: 441-454.
Los sistemas de partidos de Centroamérica, Panamá y República Dominicana caracterización, similitudes, diferencias y desafíos
Authors: Artiga-González Álvaro
Published: May 2021

El presente trabajo tiene un carácter analíticodescriptivo y aborda los sistemas de partidos de Centroamérica, Panamá y República Dominicana. El examen de la estructuración de la oferta partidista, el número de  partidos relevantes y la polarización de la competencia partidista permite elaborar una tipología. La misma  podría ser utilizada en la investigación comparada para establecer relaciones con otras variables del sistema  político; entre ellas, la consolidación de democracias en esta región del planeta.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 62, No. 705, 2007: 541-569.
La recepción del Vaticano II en la Iglesia salvadoreña
Authors: Cardenal Rodolfo
Published: May 2021

No abstract available.
Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 30, No. 89, 2013: 109-131.
La civilización de la pobreza y los desafíos globales de hoy
Authors: Maier Martin
Published: May 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.
Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 31, No. 91, 2014: 41-52.
Xavier Zubiri y la creación de Dios
Authors: Gudiel Hugo
Published: May 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.
Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 31, No. 91, 2014: 53-75.
¿Ilusión financiera o crimen estructurado?
Authors: González Faus José Ignacio
Published: May 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.
Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 31, No. 91, 2014: 101-111.
Evaluación de la Gestión Administrativa y su relación con el Desempeño Docente en las Instituciones Educativas del Nivel Secundaria de la Red N°4 UGEL 7 - Santiago de Surco - Lima, 2016
Authors: Bravo Yanapa Mima Ynes , Campana Concha Abelardo Rodolfo
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Identificar la vinculación de gestión administrativa y desempeño docente en instituciones educativas de nivel secundaria. Materiales y Método: Es una investigación correlacional en la que se analizó dos variables, aplicándose dos cuestionarios a 306 estudiantes, cuya información fue procesada en el programa SPSS. Resultados: Se halló una correlación alta de Rho = .798, dejando en evidencia que la gestión administrativa incide en el desempeño docente, considerado mayoritariamente como indiferente es decir no tienen una opinión favorable ni desfavorable de este. Conclusión: No se cumplen en totalidad las expectativas de estudiantes, referente gestión administrativa, como garantizar el desempeño docente para una enseñanza idónea a las necesidades del estudiante de nivel secundaria.
Acompañamiento pedagógico y calidad de aprendizaje del área de comunicación en estudiantes del 6to grado
Authors: Patricio Manrique Flor Zoila , Campana Concha Abelardo Rodolfo
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Analizar la relación presente en el acompañamiento pedagógico y el aprendizaje del Área de comunicación en estudiantes del 6to grado en las instituciones educativas nivel primaria, Cercado Huaral, 2018. Material y Método: Es un estudio correlacional, que consideró como instrumentos un cuestionario y acta de notas para el acompañamiento pedagógico un cuestionario y aprendizaje del área de comunicación, respectivamente, dirigido a una muestra de 76 estudiantes, posteriormente procesada en el programa SPSS. Resultados: La mayoría de la muestra (68,4%) califica como regular, en tanto que el 71,1% alcanzó el logro previsto en el aprendizaje del área de comunicación. Esto permite entender que el desarrollo del acompañamiento pedagógico tiene una aprobación media, lo cual está relacionado al aprendizaje de los estudiantes del curso de comunicación cuyas calificaciones no son destacadas. Conclusión: La satisfacción media del acompañamiento y sus dimensiones coordinación directivo docente, proceso enseñanza aprendizaje y asesoría personalizada, impide que los estudiantes tengan calificaciones destacadas en el curso de comunicación.
Mujeres en la ciencia: Estudio de caso en instituciones públicas de México
Authors: Pérez Robles Karina , Trujillo Ubaldo Elizabeth , Reynaud Adriana , Navarro Hernández María del Refugio
Published: May 2021

En la búsqueda de la paridad de género en la ciencia actual es necesario identificar los retos sociales que enfrentan las mujeres en este ámbito. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo caracterizar los factores sociales que limitan a las mujeres para lograr consolidar una carrera científica.
La metodología utilizada para esta investigación fue diseñada bajo una orientación multidisciplinaria, desde un enfoque cualitativo. Se aplicó una guía de entrevista a 15 investigadoras y un cuestionario a 180 investigadoras de 10 instituciones públicas de investigación científica y tecnológica de México; la selección de la muestra correspondió con la técnica de muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se utilizó el método etnográfico y el análisis estadístico descriptivo de los elementos registrados a partir del levantamiento de datos.
Se encontró que la brecha de género está marcada por factores sociales relacionados a los estereotipos y roles de género, ligados a los ámbitos personal y familiar. Concluyendo que las acciones privadas como es la toma de decisiones y la falta de equidad en las labores familiares en relación con su labor científica restringen el desarrollo y consolidación profesional de las científicas, configurando así, un techo de cristal.
Reflexiones sobre el fortalecimiento del Sistema Nacional de Semilla en Colombia: Plan Semilla 2013-2018
Authors: Rendón Ocampo Claudia Patricia , Wagner Medina Erika Vanessa , Romero Ávila Juan Francisco , Santacruz Castro Adriana Marcela
Published: May 2021

El Plan Semilla surge para resolver el desabastecimiento de semillas en Colombia. Su ejecución evidenció aspectos interesantes para el análisis de las relaciones interinstitucionales, territorios, especies, dinámicas del mercado y enfoques de intervención. Este artículo discute los resultados obtenidos respecto a otras iniciativas nacionales e internacionales, a partir de la importancia del enfoque territorial, la reivindicación de la agrobiodiversidad, la vulnerabilidad de los agroecosistemas, los conocimientos locales, la incorporación de ejercicios de gobernanza, y las innovaciones en los modelos de negocio que permitan avanzar hacia el fortalecimiento de capacidades y la provisión de semillas de calidad en Colombia. Estas reflexiones enriquecen el debate político y técnico-científico en cuanto a la planeación y puesta en marcha de iniciativas para el fortalecimiento de los sistemas de semillas.
Atuação da equipe multiprofissional em saúde, no cenário da pandemia por Covid 19
Authors: Silva Cunha Thaynara Gabriella , Anuska da Silva Maia Guimarães  , Thainara Alves dos Santos  , Lucyana Bertoso de Vasconcelos Freire
Published: May 2021

Introdução: Diante do contexto da pandemia e crescente disseminação do COVID-19, se faz necessário a atuação de equipe multiprofissional na assistência à saúde, para proporcionar assistência integral e ampliar a divulgação de informações completas e embasadas no estabelecimento de medidas de prevenção e controle para enfrentamento da transmissão. Objetivo: Apresentar reflexão teórica acerca da abordagem da equipe multiprofissional em Nefrologia no cenário do COVID-19. Método: Estudo teórico reflexivo no qual foram utilizados trabalhos referentes à infecção por Coronavírus e à atuação multiprofissional com foco na assistência de nutrição, enfermagem e assistência social. Resultados: O novo coronavírus apresenta alta transmissibilidade e, por isso, é necessário implementar medidas de prevenção e controle, que contam com a capacitação de uma equipe multiprofissional no estabelecimento das estratégias a serem seguidas e orientadas. Conclusão:  A abordagem multiprofissional possibilita pensar em ações estratégicas conjuntas por diversos profissionais que têm um objetivo em comum, compreender o paciente com suspeita ou confirmação de COVID 19 e vincular as ações a todas as esferas de direitos, o que permite alcançar melhores respostas às suas demandas em sua totalidade, e não na perspectiva de fragmentação.
Síndrome de Moünier-Kuhn: um relato de caso
Authors: Barbosa Pinto Rodrigues Iago , Chaves Lacerda Flávia , Rodrigues Martins Rafael , Teixeira de Melo Amanda , Silva Ramos Rafaela , Christiane Kill Leal Martins Rosa
Published: May 2021

Introdução: Traqueobroncomegalia ou síndrome de Mounier-Kuhn é uma doença rara, observada principalmente em homens de meia idade antes da 5ª década de vida, caracterizada por atrofia ou ausência das fibras elásticas ou da musculatura lisa da parede da traquéia e dos brônquios principais, determinando dilatação dessas estruturas. Acredita-se que a fraqueza do tecido conjuntivo, associada à inalação de poluentes aéreos e fumaça de cigarro, sejam os principais fatores no desenvolvimento desta síndrome. O diagnóstico pode ser ocasional em indivíduos assintomáticos, contudo cursa frequentemente com infeções respiratórias de repetição e bronquiectasias. Descrição: A.H.A.G., 65 anos, masculino, solteiro, branco. Relatava tosse crônica com aumento da frequência há 10 dias associado a um aumento de expectoração, no momento, esverdeado. Queixava-se também de febre irregular diária não termometrada, dispneia aos mínimos esforços, e sudorese noturna. Paciente menciona diagnóstico de bronquiectasia, porém sem adesão ao acompanhamento ambulatorial de pneumologia no HRT desde 2015. Conclusão: A síndrome de Mounier-Kuhn se caracteriza pelo aumento do diâmetro da traqueia e dos brônquios principais associado a redução do clearence mucociliar, o que leva o indivíduo a desenvolver infecções respiratórias com frequência. O diagnóstico é feito por TC de tórax. O tratamento só é realizado nos sintomáticos, objetivando tratar o fator desencadeante da descompensação.
Spyglass® na resolução de coledocolitíase primária: um relato de caso
Authors: Barros Viana Fernanda , Hayato Ejima Flávio , Aparecida Machado Lígia , Mendanha da Silva Aureliano Anna Paula , Sampaio Costa Mendes Liliana
Published: May 2021

Introdução: A observação endoscópica direta das vias biliopancreáticas tem  sido aprimorada  durante décadas visando maior efetividade diagnóstica e terapêutica. Em 2006 foi desenvolvida a colangioscopia de operador único (SPYGLASS®), que permite a tripsia de cálculos grandes, bem como tratamento de estenoses e biópsias de tumores das vias biliares. Relato de Caso: Apresentamos um caso de coledocolitíase primária por cálculo gigante extraído após litotripsia a laser com a técnica da colangioscopia peroral por operador único. Discussão: Antigamente a escolha para pacientes com coledocolitíase por cálculo maior que 1,5cm era a derivação biliodigestiva. Hoje a colangioscopia representa um importante avanço na endoscopia terapêutica devido a alta acurácia e precisão na manipulação da árvore biliar, evitando realização de cirurgia de grande porte. Conclusão:  A partir deste relato de caso pode-se concluir que, apesar do alto custo, a colangioscopia representa  uma opção endoscópica inovadora, acurada e pouco invasiva, capaz de evitar ato cirúrgico de grande porte. Además está bem indicada para biópsia em vias biliares e tratamento de pacientes com estenose em via biliar  e cálculos gigantes.
Deney Hayvanlarında Testis’in Fonksiyonel Anatomisi Ve Embriyolojisi
Authors: TÜRKMENOĞLU İsmail , ABACIOĞLU Saliha
Published: May 2021

Testis ekzokrin ve endokrin fonksiyonları sayesinde hem spermatoozon üretimi, hem de testosteron hormonu salgılanmasından sorumludur. Testis kendisini vücut sıcaklığından birkaç derece düşük ısıda tutan scrotum adı verilen keselerde yer alır. Testisler deney hayvanlarında doğum sonrası scrotuma inerler. Hatta rat ve farelerde yaşamları boyunca karın boşluğu ile scrotum arasında giderler. Scrotum fare ve ratlarda preputium ve anus arasında bulunurken, tavşanda iki bacak arasında ve penisin iki yanında, kobayda ise tavşandaki yerine benzer şekilde ancak daha önde bulunur. Histolojik olarak baktığımızda en dışta tunica albuginea tabakası bulunur ve bu tabaka merkeze doğru yaptığı duvar yapıları (septula testis) ile testisi lopçuklara ayırır. Bu lopçuklar tubuli seminiferi adı verilen kıvrımlı kanallar ve bu kanalların arasını dolduran gevşek bağ dokudan (interstitium) oluşmaktadır. Tubuli seminiferi’ler iç kısmı destek fonksiyonlarını yerine getiren Sertoli hücreleri ile spermatogenetik hücrelerin oluşturduğu germinal epitel ile kaplıdır. İnterstitial doku ise barındırdığı Leydig hücreleri sayesinde androjen üretiminden sorumludur. Primitif bir gem hücresi olan spermatogonium’un olgun bir spermatozoon’a dönüşmesi Spermatogenesis ve Spermiogenesis aşamalarından oluşur. Spermatogenesis Mitoz ve Mayoz evrelerinden oluşur ve bu aşama sonunda spermatid ortaya çıkar. Spermiogenesis aşamasında ise spermatid’ler golgi, cap, akrozom ve matürasyon fazlarından geçerek olgun spermatozoon olarak tubuli seminiferi lümenine salınırlar. Testise ait tüm bu fonksiyonların ve deney hayvanlarının testislerinin özelliklerinin anlaşılmasının bu alanda çalışma yapacak araştırmacılar için faydalı olacağını düşünmekteyiz.
Inventaire des phlébotomes dans le foyer leishmanien de Draa El Mizan, Kabylie
Authors: ALLAL-IKHLEF Amina Bouchra , SENOUCI Karima , BENALLAL Kamel , TRIKI-YAMANI Rachid , HARRAT Zoubir , HOUTI Leila
Published: May 2021

Les leishmanioses, maladies à transmission vectorielle liée au genre Phlebotomus, constituent un problème de santé publique en Algérie, essentiellement dans leur forme cutanée. Dans la région de Draa El Mizan (Kabylie), coexistent depuis long-temps laleishmaniose viscérale, et la forme cutanée liée àLeishmania infantum.Durant l’été 2013, une enquête entomologique a été menée à Draa El-Mizan, dans le but de réaliser un inventairefaunistique des phlébotomes à l’aide de pièges lumineux type CDC.Sur un total de 22.998 spécimens récoltés, un échantillon représentatif de 1500 individus a fait l’objet d’une identificationmorphologique par microscope optique.Le genre Phlebotomus est prédominant avec 97,41% des individus représentant 5 taxons où prévalent Phlebotomus perfiliewi (4,63%) et Phlebotomus perniciosus (19,4%). Le sex-ratio M/F global est de 1,39, mais en faveur des individus femelles pour l’espèce Phlebotomus perfiliewi (sex-ratio M/F=0,82).A Draa El Mizan, les conditions climatiques associées aux activités humaines de type pastorales entretiennent la prolifération du genre Phlebotomus inféodé à L. Infan-tum. Par ailleurs, l’utilisation des pièges lumineux type CDC a montré son intérêt dans la surveillance entomologique des maladies vectorielles.
Tumeurs neuroépitheliales dysembryoplasiques et épilepsie réfractaire : à propos d’un cas et revue de la littérature
Authors: Souad DAOUD  , CHENTOUF Amina , BENAMARA Salim , AYOUN Ryad Moumen , YZIDI Kaouter , BOUCHAKOUR Mammar
Published: May 2021

Introduction Les tumeurs neuroépithéliales dysembryoplasiques sont des tumeurs bénignes de grade I, typiquement localisées dans le cortex supra-tentoriel et habituellement révélées par une épilepsie pharmaco-résistante. Très rares, elles représentent moins de 1% de l’ensemble des tumeurs cérébrales. Observation Nous rapportons le cas d’un enfant atteint d’une tumeur neuroépithéliale dysembryoplasique révélée par une épilepsie réfractaire, opéré avec des suites postopératoires favorables.
Une capsule à base d’un dispositif inje cteur de micro- aiguilles chargées de ma cromolécules pour l ’administration orale ?
Authors: Fayza BAGHLI BAGHLI  , MOUSSAOUI Nassima
Published: May 2021

Depuis la découverte initiale de l’insuline en 1922, les recherches se poursuivent dans le but de découvrir de nouvelles méthodes d’administration de cette protéine.Cet article porte sur la conception de dispositifs injecteurs de micro-aiguilles (luminal unfolding microneedle injector : LUMI) pour permettre l’administration orale de macromolécules, notamment l’insuline sous forme de capsule.
Somatoform and conversion disorders as psychological defences
Authors: Mut Elena Andreea , Pălădoiu Cristina , Stănescu Monica
Published: May 2021

Conversion disorder is the clinical situation in which one or more symptoms can present deficits that affect motor or sensory function and suggest a neurological or organic condition. Psychological factors are decisive, and they usually include a major anxiety generated by intrapsychic conflicts, which are converted by unconscious defense mechanism into symptoms. The symptoms are not intentionally provoked or simulated nor are explained by organic suffering or substance consumption. They affect the quality of life of the person who presents significant deficits such as motor, sensory, convulsive or mixed. It may also occur a lack of coordination, ataxia, paralysis, tremor, aphonia, difficulties at swallowing, loss of sensitivity, anesthesia that does not follow anatomical nervous trajectories, blindness or mental deafness. Consciousness is not altered, but a condition of "la belle indifference" appears which is rather associated with histrionic personality disorders and what the patients imagine about their own illness or suffering. This condition is unstable and changing. The primary gain is the expression of an unconscious psychological conflict through a somatic symptom by reducing anxiety and keeping conflict out of consciousness. The secondary gain is external and includes attention and care from caregivers or others.
Robust winter warming over Eurasia under stratospheric sulfate geoengineering – the role of stratospheric dynamics
Authors: Banerjee Antara , Butler Amy H. , Polvani Lorenzo M. , Robock Alan , Simpson Isla R. , Sun Lantao
Published: May 2021

Abstract. It has been suggested that increased stratospheric sulfate aerosol loadings following large, low latitude volcanic eruptions can lead to wintertime warming over Eurasia through dynamical stratosphere–troposphere coupling. We here investigate the proposed
connection in the context of hypothetical future stratospheric sulfate
geoengineering in the Geoengineering Large Ensemble simulations. In those
geoengineering simulations, we find that stratospheric circulation anomalies that resemble the positive phase of the Northern Annular Mode in winter are a distinguishing climate response which is absent when increasing greenhouse gases alone are prescribed. This stratospheric dynamical response projects onto the positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation, leading to associated side effects of this climate intervention strategy, such as continental Eurasian warming and precipitation changes. Seasonality is a key signature of the dynamically driven surface response. We find an opposite response of the North Atlantic Oscillation in summer, when no dynamical role of the stratosphere is expected. The robustness of the wintertime forced response stands in contrast to previously proposed volcanic responses.
Evaluation of Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) neural network cloud detection against current operational cloud masks
Authors: White Charles H. , Heidinger Andrew K. , Ackerman Steven A.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Cloud properties are critical to our understanding of weather and climate variability, but their estimation from satellite imagers is a nontrivial task. In this work, we aim to improve cloud detection, which is the most fundamental cloud property. We use a neural network applied to Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) measurements to determine whether an imager pixel is cloudy or cloud-free. The neural network is trained and evaluated using 4 years (2016–2019) of coincident measurements between VIIRS and the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP). We successfully address the lack of sun glint in the collocation dataset with a simple semi-supervised learning approach. The results of the neural network are then compared with two operational cloud masks: the Continuity MODIS-VIIRS Cloud Mask (MVCM) and the NOAA Enterprise Cloud Mask (ECM). We find that the neural network outperforms both operational cloud masks in most conditions examined with a few exceptions. The largest improvements we observe occur during the night over snow- or ice-covered surfaces in the high latitudes. In our analysis, we show that this improvement is not solely due to differences in optical-depth-based definitions of a cloud between each mask. We also analyze the differences in true-positive rate between day–night and land–water scenes as a function of optical depth. Such differences are a contributor to spatial artifacts in cloud masking, and we find that the neural network is the most consistent in cloud detection with respect to optical depth across these conditions. A regional analysis over Greenland illustrates the impact of such differences and shows that they can result in mean cloud fractions with very different spatial and temporal characteristics.
Space Weather Study through Analysis of Solar Radio Bursts detected by a Single Station CALLSTO Spectrometer
Authors: Ndacyayisenga Theogene , Umuhire Ange Cynthia , Uwamahoro Jean , Monstein Christian
Published: May 2021

Abstract. This article summarizes the results of an analysis of solar radio bursts detected by the e-Compound Astronomical Low cost Low-frequency Instrument for spectroscopy and Transportable Observatory (e-CALLISTO) spectrometer hosted by the University of Rwanda, College of Education. The data analysed were detected during the first year (2014–2015) of the instrument operation. The Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) images on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) were used to check the location of propagating waves associated with type III radio bursts detected without solar flares. Using quick plots provided by the e-CALLISTO website, we found a total of 202 solar radio bursts detected by the CALLISTO station located in Rwanda. Among them, 5 are type IIs, 175 are type IIIs, and 22 type IVs radio bursts. It is found that all analysed type IIs and ∼37 % of type III bursts are associated with impulsive solar flares while Type IV radio bursts are poorly associated with flares. Furthermore, all of the analysed type II bursts are associated with CMEs which is consistent with the previous studies, and ∼44 % of type IIIs show association with CMEs. On the other hand it is observed that the majority of type IV radio bursts are believed to be originated from CME-driven shocks. Findings from this study confirms that solar radio bursts (SRBs) from ground observation and analysis constitute a clue to diagnose the space weather phenomena such as solar flare and CMEs and to some extent, they may serve as the advance warning of the related severe space weather hazards.
Large-scale climate signals of a European oxygen isotope network from tree rings
Authors: Balting Daniel F. , Ionita Monica , Wegmann Martin , Helle Gerhard , Schleser Gerhard H. , Rimbu Norel , Freund Mandy B. , Heinrich Ingo , Caldarescu Diana , Lohmann Gerrit
Published: May 2021

Abstract. We investigate the climate signature of δ18O tree-ring records from sites distributed all over Europe covering the last 400
years. An empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis reveals two distinct
modes of variability on the basis of the existing δ18O tree-ring records. The first mode is associated with anomaly patterns projecting
onto the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and reflects a
multi-seasonal climatic signal. The ENSO link is pronounced for the last 130 years, but it is found to be weak over the period from 1600 to 1850, suggesting that the relationship between ENSO and the European climate may not be stable over time. The second mode of δ18O variability, which captures a north–south dipole in the European δ18O tree-ring records, is related to a regional summer atmospheric circulation pattern, revealing a pronounced centre over the North Sea. Locally, the δ18O anomalies associated with this mode show the same (opposite) sign with temperature (precipitation). Based on the oxygen isotopic signature derived from tree rings, we argue that the prevailing large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns and the related teleconnections can be analysed beyond instrumental records.
The ADRIREEF database: a comprehensive collection of natural/artificial reefs and wrecks in the Adriatic Sea
Authors: Minelli Annalisa , Ferrà Carmen , Spagnolo Alessandra , Scanu Martina , Tassetti Anna Nora , Ferrari Carla Rita , Mazziotti Cristina , Pigozzi Silvia , Jakl Zrinka , Šarčević Tena , Šimac Miranda , Kruschel Claudia , Pejdo Dubravko , Barbone Enrico , De Gioia Michele , Borme Diego , Gordini Emiliano , Auriemma Rocco , Benzon Ivo , Vuković-Stanišić Đeni , Orlić Sandi , Frančić Vlado , Zec Damir , Orlić Kapović Ivana , Soldati Michela , Ulazzi Silvia , Fabi Gianna
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The paper presents a database of information on wrecks,
natural and artificial reefs located in the Adriatic Sea, collected within
the framework of the Interreg Italy–Croatia project ADRIREEF – Innovative
exploitation of Adriatic Reefs in order to strengthen Blue Economy. The data
collection lasted more than 1 year and included three surveys and a
wide literature review. After being collected, data were harmonized and,
where possible, made machine-readable. Moreover, data were widely metadated,
published in a WebGIS (https://adrireef.github.io/sandbox3/, last access: 3 May 2021),
and shared as open data in EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data
Network) Data Ingestion Portal through the SEANOE repository (Ferrà et
al., 2020; https://doi.org/10.17882/74880). The database is
composed of 285 three-dimensional records, each one described by 51
attributes. Parameters are clustered in four main groups: identification,
reef description, site description, and management/exploitation information. Available
literature (scientific and/or grey) was also included in the database and
linked to the corresponding site.
Lagrange-method-based dynamic analysis of multi-stage planetary roller screw mechanism
Authors: Li Xin , Liu Geng , Fu Xiaojun , Ma Shangjun
Published: May 2021

Abstract. A rigid-body dynamic model of multi-stage planetary roller screw
mechanism (multi-stage PRSM) is proposed in this paper. The structure of
multi-stage PRSM is introduced and the motion analysis is presented. The
total kinetic energy of the mechanism is calculated. The rotation of the
screws and carriers is chosen as generalized degrees of freedom. The
generalized forces and motion equations of multi-stage PRSM are derived
using the Lagrange method. The transient and steady-state behaviours of
multi-stage PRSM are simulated, followed by an analysis of the influence of
friction coefficients and thread pitches on the motion and forces acting on
the multi-stage PRSM. Taking a two-stage PRSM as an example, the simulation
results show that the friction coefficient between screw #1 and
screw #2 has a slight effect on efficiency and rotational velocity ratios
of carriers to screws. When the sum of the pitches of screws is a constant,
the axial component of contact force between screw #1 and roller
#1 decreases with the increase in the pitch of screw #1.
The Treaty of Lisbon and the gender–blind responses to the EU crises: impact on the quality of European democracy
Authors: Irigoien Alazne
Published: May 2021

This article analyses the state of democracy in the European Union (EU) using gender lens on the Treaty of Lisbon and three of the main European crises in the first decade since its entry into force (2009-2019): the economic crisis (2008-2014); Brexit (2017–2020) and the democratic decline and triggering of Article 7 TEU against Poland and Hungary (2017 and 2018 respectively). By drawing on feminist democracy theory, it shows the interdependent connections of democracy and gender equality in the analysed European crises. It examines the two dimensions of the double democratic deficit through gender lens –the underrepresentation of women and gender sensitivity– in the adoption and provisions of the Treaty of Lisbon and European decision-making and responses to the crises. It argues that the gender-blind European responses to the crises of the first decade of the Treaty of Lisbon have contributed –among other factors– to the deterioration of the EU’s democratic structures and procedures, and have also, in turn, contributed to restraining progress on gender equality and exacerbating gender inequality across different member states. Given Ursula Von der Leyen’s declared plans for a “new push for European democracy”, and the new EU crisis emerged by the Covid-19 virus pandemic, the article points to some key gender aspects that might be worth considering for the future of the European democratic project.
A educação no processo de ressocialização do apenado
Authors: Oliveira Rita de Cassia da , Garutti Selson
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo qualiquantitativo exploratório que tem por objetivo analisar a evolução escolar dos alunos internos da Penitenciaria Estadual de Maringá (PEM). No que diz respeito às discussões do processo educacional constituído no interior da PEM sobre qual deva ser o papel educativo na ressocialização dos apenados entre os anos de 2006 a 2010, as análises foram feitas sob uma perspectiva histórica dialética e conclui-se que a elevação do nível escolar é essencial para que todos os apenados consigam melhores oportunidades de trabalho e inserção social após o cumprimento de sua pena.
Book Review of The Chinese Revolution on the Tibetan Frontier
Authors: Reynolds Elizabeth
Published: May 2021

Review of The Chinese Revolution on the Tibetan Frontier. By Benno Weiner. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2020. pp 312. $45.00.
Eco-friendly Magnetic Biopolymer Nanocomposites for Removal of Organic Dye/Heavy Metals from Waste Water
Authors: Bhandari Hema , Ruhi Gazala , Gaba Ritu , Chaudhary Ankita , Johar Rajni , Singh Tanisha , Rawat Arushi , Kapoor Simran , Sharma Vani , Chadha Yamini
Published: May 2021

Chitosan is studied as a natural polysaccharide which has a remarkable unique combination of chemical, physical and mechanical properties. Chitosan, an amino polysaccharide obtained from deacetylation of chitin, is a natural polymer that has a plethora of applications in various fields including water purification, drug designing, cosmetics, food and packaging etc. Being a natural polymer it has less residual impact on the environment, and hence serves as a potential alternative to the chemically hazardous precursors. The present work focusses on deploying the useful chemical properties of chitosan to design a solution for removal of organic dye such as methylene blue and heavy metals from industrial waste water. In order to achieve this, a composite system consisting of chitosan, magnetic ferrite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles and graphene oxide was synthesized to obtain the synergistic combination of the desired properties. The ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by alkalisation of Fe+2 and Fe+3 species using co-precipitation method in the presence of a suitable surfactant. The CFG (chitosan/Fe3O4 nanoparticles/graphene oxide) nanocomposite was synthesized through a facile chemical route. The characterization of the synthesized composite was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) and microstructural analysis. Adsorption ability of CFG nanocomposite for methylene blue, potassium dichromate and cobaltous chloride was evaluated by using UV-Visible spectroscopy studies.
Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and its Application for OilWater Separation
Authors: Dhingra Mansi , Yadav Parul , Mishra Savvi , Dwivedi Vishakha , Komal Ms. , Anupriya Ms. , Sonam Ms.
Published: May 2021

Magnetic nanoparticles have been explored extensively for their applications in day to day life. Among their various uses like magnetic data storage and biomedical applications, they have remained a field of interest for researchers. The well known magnetic nanoparticles are iron oxide nanoparticles. In this work, iron oxide nanoparticles are prepared by self sustained combustion technique. Ferric nitrate (Fe (NO3)3.9H2O) was used as a precursor and ethylene glycol as a fuel. Solution was heated at 120°C. After being preheated to the boiling point of ethylene glycol and its evaporation, the solution self-ignites and the temperature rises rapidly to values as high as 1500°C. Magnetic properties of Fe2O3 are studied using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The magnetic properties are utilized for separation of oil from oil-water mixture.
यवुा वर्गपर बढ़ता सिनमेा का प्रभाव
Authors: कुमारी मीनू , लता स्नेह , प्रिया Ms. , नेहा Ms. , अपराजिता Ms. , शुभ्रा Ms.
Published: May 2021

िनमेा मानव िीवन को पिेपर िाकार करनेकी कला का नाम है। आि सिनमेा यवुा वर्गकेसिलों की धड़कन बन चकुा है। यह वह कला है, सििका प्रभाव व्यापक स्तर पर होता है। सकिी कला केप्रभाव िकारात्मक भी होतेहैंऔर नकारात्मक भी। सिनमेा केसवषय मेंभी यह बात कही िा िकती है। बॉर्रग, भार् समल्खा भार्, मैरी कॉम, िासमनी, कमा, ग उरी िैिी प्ररेणािायक सिल्मेंसकिी िमाि की सिशा बिलनेमेंिक्षम हैं, सकिंतुिकारात्मक प्रभावों की र्सत प्रायः धीमी होती है, िबसक नकारात्मक प्रभाव महामारी की भााँसत व्यापक प्रभाव छोड़तेहैं। प्रस्ततु शोध सवषय इिी नकारात्मक प्रभाव केप्रसत िमाि को ितकगकरनेकेउद्दश्ेय िेचनुा र्या है। सिनमेा का एक पहलू सनसित रूप िेिमाि केसनिशे न और सनमाणग मेंिहायक है, सकिंतुदूिरा पक्ष यवुा वर्गको उिकेनैसतक मल्यू ों, िास्किं ृसतक मल्यू ों, भाषा और उिकी अपनी िीवनशैली िेकहीं ना कहीं काट रहा है, िो एक सवचारणीय सवषय है।
Relationship between Molecular Structure and Relative Sweetness of Various Artificial Sweeteners.
Authors: Chopra Haritma , Gaba Ritu , Chaudhary Ankita , Chugh Meenakshi , Rawat Komal
Published: May 2021

In the present work, the relationship between the molecular properties and sweetness level of a number of artificial sweeteners like aspartame, neotame, saccharin, sucralose, cyclamate, xylitol and alitame was studied. The molecular structures of the artificial sweeteners were generated, optimized and their properties like electrostatic potential, dipole, heat of formation, HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital) and LUMO (Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital) were calculated using Argus lab. Further, identification of AH, B and X sites based on AH-B-X theory was done with the help of electrostatic potential mapping, HOMOs and LUMOs for a few artificial sweeteners. A comparison was done among the sweeteners between their relative sweetness values by considering their structures and the way in which sugars bond to receptor sites. An attempt was made to develop a relationship between the relative sweetness and molecular properties of the sweeteners.
‘Contagion’ Across Disciplines: Five Must-read Books on COVID-19
Authors: Ajay Amrita
Published: May 2021

A book which has received well-deserved acclaim globally, The Pandemic Century tells the story of contagion that has plagued human history through various disease outbreaks leading up to the COVID-19 crisis. By tracing the origin, evolution and responses to infamous pandemics like the Spanish Flu, AIDS, SARS, and Ebola to lesser known scourges like ‘Parrot-fever’ and the Philadelphia Legionnaire's Disease, the book attempts to map a century of human engagement with pandemics, and its consequences for the trying present. A deft narrative technique is used to bring together intensive research and analysis of medical history, culture, politics, the environment, and Vantage: Journal of Thematic Analysis, 2020; 1(2): 166-172 167 contributions of individuals to this history. Since its original publication in 2019, the book has been thrown into limelight in the present situation and has been republished with an updated chapter on the Coronavirus.
德国展览产业之发展状况与管理模式
Authors: 陈 玉苍 , 杨 国梁
Published: May 2021

德国每年举办的国际专业展览占全世界三分之二，执世界之牛耳，排名全球前十大的展览公司有一半来自德国；然而现有文献大多蜻蜓点水地带过，未就实际作为深入探讨，无法对德国在展览产业发展的成功经验有进一步了解。本研究的目的有二，其一为藉由展览公司的实地参访及访谈之结果，了解德国政府、展览公司及身为非营利组织的德国贸易展览产业协会AUMA，三者间运用何种管理思维与模式，打造德国展览产业发展的荣景；其二是就德国展览产业发展的竞争优势及成功要因，为国内会展产业发展提出建议。本研究发现德国成为展览大国之关键要因可归纳为高国际化程度、展览主题差异化、展览利益关系人的密切合作、中立非营利组织AUMA之整合与协调。对于国内会展产业今后之发展，本研究提出建议为明确的会展产品定位及全球营销、审慎长远的会展发展规划及公部门的支持。
厦门会展业竞争力分析
Authors: 丁 煜榕 , 陆 燕玲 , 高 德明 , 黄 凯筳
Published: May 2021

会展业是近年来迅速发展的第三产业，从原始社会的物物交换开始萌芽，随着科学技术和现代信息技术的进步和推广，逐渐发展成为现代会展；不仅能带来实际的经济效益，还能推动有关产业的发展进步，使会展业逐渐受到了更广泛的关注。会展业的发展能为厦门经济注入新的活力，也带来可观的经济效益。本文概括厦门会展业四十年的发展进程，探讨厦门会展与厦门经济发展的关系，并用波特钻石模型对厦门会展业的竞争力进行分析，从厦门会展业的现状，提出适合厦门提高会展竞争力的建议，以增强厦门会展的吸引力并促进厦门经济更好发展。
中国展览业高质量发展的创新思维
Authors: 杨 国梁 , 程 萌 , 曾 晶蓥
Published: May 2021

中国会展业市场规模在产业结构调整升级和行业自身创业驱动步伐加快中，从高速增长步入高质量发展轨道。当前世界经济贸易以全面复苏为背景，国际会展业总体上亦呈现出持续发展的良好局面；科学技术的进步、经济社会的变革和人文条件的发展，使世界展览业产生深刻的变化。本文从世界展览业的变化趋势，总结中国展览业的创新发展，以展览题材创新、展会形式创新、策展理念创新、信息服务创新、商业模式创新和外部资源创新引领中国展览业的高质量发展。新会展的模式将更注重诚信会展、智慧会展、体验会展和生态会展，也更加注重优质的内容、极致的体验、科技的应用与裂变式传播。
Corrosion Behaviour of Nitronic Steel in Acidic Environment
Authors: Sharma Himanshu , Bhardwaj Anurag , Singh Daljeet , Mittal Divyansh , Kumar Rajiv , Selokar AshishW , Bilal Mohd , Akabri Somayeh
Published: May 2021

Nitronic steel exhibits an austenitic matrix with carbide precipitates along the grain boundaries. The nitronic steel also shows excellent ductility (nearly 2 times of the other stainless steel) which enhances their structural applications. In the view of the performance of nitrogen alloyed steel, the corrosion behaviour of the as-received nitronic steels wasstudied and compared its corrosion behaviour with the conventional stainless steels being used in chemical and hydropower industries. The corrosion study of the nitronic steel and conventional stainless steels was performed in different aqueous solutions (H2SO4 and NaCl). The results obtained from corrosion studies suggest the lower corrosion rate of nitronic steel as compared to the conventional stainless steels. The corroded surfaces were analyzed using an optical microscope and scanning electron microscope for the elemental analysis of corrosion products. Keywords: Nitronic steel; Corrosion; Stainless steel; Acidic solutions
Review: Effects of soil organic matters on Fenton reaction
Authors: Akbari Somayeh , Jalilian. Ahmadkalaei Segaheyedeh P
Published: May 2021

Heterogeneous Fenton reaction has been widely known to destruct organic contaminants, in its basic application definition, by applying one or more Fe2+ or Fe3+-containing source(s) with hydrogen peroxide for producing the strong hydroxyl radicals. Comprehensive experiments in the Fenton reaction area have been done for over 100 years, and considerable progress has been achieved. Achieved removal efficiency by Fenton reaction is usually studied by evaluating the effects of parameters such as initial reagents concentrations, pH, and soil organic matter (SOM). Among them, the results related to the effect of SOM sometimes seem conflicting, as its effects are reported either promoting or inhibiting and sometimes both. Reaction parameters such as initial reagents and pH are the most studied and effective ones in evaluating the effects of SOM on Fenton reaction for organic pollutants. This review intends to give a comprehensive survey of the impact of SOM on the Fenton reaction, with the focus on the heterogeneous Fenton reaction in the soil and solid. For this purpose, the general effects of pH and initial reagents on the Fenton reaction are reviewed in the beginning. Keywords: Fenton reaction, Hydrogen peroxide, pH, Soil organic matter (SOM), The removal efficiency
Prevalence and Determinants of Genitourinary Syndrome among Postmenopausal Women of Eastern UP: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Singh Aradhana , Srivastava Reena , Aditya Vani
Published: May 2021

Objective: This study was centered to explore the prevalence and determinants of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) in postmenopausal women of Eastern, Uttar Pradesh (UP).
Methodology: A cross sectional study was performed, over a period of 6 months (September 2018 to February 2019), on 162 women, who had attained menopause one or more years back, visiting to Gynecology OPD of B.R.D. Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh and had given consent for participation. Using a pre structured questionnaire, the participating women were questioned about genitourinary complains, and the relationship between these symptoms and other factors were determined.
Results: The prevalence of genitourinary syndrome was found to be 38.6%. The most prevalent genital symptom was vaginal irritation/burning (69.35%), followed by vaginal dryness (61.29%). Increased frequency of micturition (54.83%) and dysuria (51.6%) were the most prevalent urological symptoms. However, dyspareunia, in sexually active females, was the most common (14.52%) symptom. Most prevalent signs were loss of vaginal rugae (88.71%) and vaginal pallor (69.35%). The prevalence of genitourinary symptoms was higher in women already having urogynecological pathologies, like stress incontinence (OR 3.6), vaginal prolapse (OR 4.43), urinary tract infections (OR 2.77). BMI >30 kg/m2 was found to be an important determinant for genitourinary syndrome.
Conclusion: The prevalence of GSM is very high in Eastern UP. There is an urgent need that all Government and non-Government health sectors should have a menopausal clinic, with the aim of timely diagnosis and treatment and to improve the quality of life of menopausal women.

Key words: genitourinary syndrome; menopause; dyspareunia; vaginal dryness.