bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of some phenolic extracts against aphids (Aphis craccivora) Koch under laboratory conditions
Authors: Aly Aly M. , Ismail Eman M. , El-Kady Ashraf M. A. , Hefnawy Mohamed M. I.
Published: March 2022

Local farmers worldwide have complained in recent years that insect pests have become resistant to the majority of insecticides, owing to pesticide abuse. In addition, highly poisonous and harmful substances may cause health and environmental dangers. Friendly alternatives such as plant extracts are the main targets as substituents to synthetic pesticides. The present study aimed to extract total phenols from some plants and evaluate their efficacy on aphids, Aphis craccivora, under laboratory conditions. Four methanolic plant extracts from Punica granatum, Lantana camara, Portulaca oleracea and Ziziphus jujuba, containing phenolic components were evaluated against A. craccivora through: slide dipping, spraying, and leaf dipping techniques. Generally, positive relationships between the concentrations of the tested phenolic extracts and their mortality percentages were noticed in the case of slide dipping and spraying techniques. Conversely, no biological efficacy was found using the leaf dipping technique. The descending order of effectiveness of the tested extracts depending on their EC50 values was 0.017, 0.321, 1.142 and 16.114 ppm for Z. jujuba, P. oleraceae P. granatum and L. comara, respectively, in the case of the slide dipping technique. In contrast, P. granatum, L. camara, P. oleraceae and Z. jujuba had EC50 values of 0.0023, 0.017, 0.321 and 2.3409 ppm, respectively, in the case of the spraying technique. Additionally, a direct proportion was found between mortality percentages and treatment period for plant extracts under study with both techniques. After formulation and completion of additional essential field research, phenols isolated from the plants under study could be employed to combat A. craccivora.
Antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and anticancer properties of biofabricated nanoparticles derived from animal source
Authors: Latha Rathinam , Sevarkodiyone Subramanian , Pandiarajan Jeyaraj
Published: March 2022

Green science has been witnessed in the advancement with nanobiotechnology enriched with nature-associated biogenesis of nanoparticles over the last three decades. Noble elements, including gold and silver, are the most promising developing trend in nanotechnology for designing bioengineering materials that might be used as modern diagnostic instruments and tools to combat major diseases. Silver and gold nanoparticles possess strong antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic and anticancer properties that enable the development of new processes with enhanced and target-specific actions. Siver and gold nanoparticles were synthesized using Prawn Head Extract (PHE) and characterized in a previous study. The objective of the present work was to investigate the antioxidant, cytotoxicity and anticancer activity of biosynthesized nanoparticles. The antioxidant properties were analysed by the DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) assay, and the IC50 values were 1020 μg/mL for silver nanoparticles and 649 μg/mL for gold nanoparticles. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the vero cell line and anticancer activity in a human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) were determined using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. The cytotoxicity assay revealed IC50 values of approximately 118.75 and 93.75 μg/mL in silver and gold nanoparticles, respectively. The anticancer activity in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 showed IC50 values of approximately 93.75 and 46.8 μg/mL in silver and gold nanoparticles, respectively. The MTT assay, microscopic examination and DNA fragmentation assays confirmed morphological changes, membrane damage, cell shrinkage and mortality. Conclusively, the study revealed dose-dependently promising effects and can be further exploited in the field of biomedicine as a potential source with a standardized protocol for application.
Description of six new species of the genus Cornudiscoides Kulkarni, 1969 (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridae) from two catfish, Mystus, Scopoli, 1777 and Sperata Holly, 1939, with a note on its biodiversity
Authors: Verma Jyoti , Agrawal Nirupama , Saxena Vijay Laxmi
Published: March 2022

The genus Cornudisoides Kulkarni, 1969 is a specialist monogenoid reported from two fish host, Mystus and Sperata. Despite their ecological importance, Cornudiscoides diversity remains unexplored, and the taxonomic description of nominal species is inadequate. The present study was performed to chart the biodiversity of the genus Cornudiscoides and defined the characters to identify their species quickly and efficiently using unambiguous characters. Examination of fish hosts collected from different localities of Uttar Pradesh revealed 12 known and 6 new species of Cornudiscoides. Since the original description of known species lacked some salient features, the present study has redescribed them and added new host records. The new species are described: C. tripathii sp. nov., C. lucknowensis sp. nov., C. speratai sp. nov., C. indicus sp. nov., C. kulkarnii sp. nov. and C. falcatum sp. nov. They have distinct copulatory complexes and vaginal armatures. A detail of the species diversity of Cornudisoides, their type host, new host record type locality, additional localities and major distinguishable characters would be helpful to understand the diversity of these parasites.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar IPA Materi Rantai Makanan Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Rustamaji Eka Aprilia
Published: March 2022

Ilmu pengetahuan alam merupakan sebuah ilmu yang berkaitan dengan alam secara sistematis. IPA tidak hanya sekedar membahas tentang pengetahuan yang berupa konsep, fakta, dan prinsip, akan tetapi IPA juga membahas tentang suatu penemuan. Rantai makanan merupakan proses dimana makhluk hidup saling memakan dan dimakan berdasarkan urutan tertentu yang memiliki peran produsen, konsumen, dan pengurai.
Manajemen Wakaf
Authors: Afrianti Wahyuni
Published: March 2022

Wakaf adalah penahanan harta yang memungkinkan untuk dimanfaatkan disertai dengan kekalnya zat benda dengan memutuskan (memotong) tasharuf (penggolongannya) dalam penjagaannya atau mushrif (pengelola) yang dibolehkan adanya.Adapun prinsip-prinsip manajemen wakaf yaitu: 1) Tahapan Fungsi, 2) Manajemen Fundraising, 3) Manajemen Pengembangan, 4) Manajemen Pemanfaatan, 5) Manajemen Pelaporan.Adapun juga fungsi dari manajemen wakaf yaitu: 1) Perencanaan, 2) Perorganisasian, 3) Pelaksanaan, 4) Pengawasan.Dalam manajemen pengelolaan wakaf terdapat tiga mekanisme tata kelola wakaf yaitu; 1) Menghimpun Harta Wakaf, 2) Memproduktifkan Harta Wakaf, 3) Menyalurkan Harta Wakaf.
Jenis, Bentuk Dan Penjenjangan Koperasi
Authors: Ifhadiyanti Nurul
Published: March 2022

Koperasi merupakan suatu organisasi yang berbeda dengann usaha lainnya, seperti BUMN dan BUMD atau organisasi pemerintah. Keunikan yang dimiliki koperasi adalah koperasi merupakan unit usaha yang memiliki identitas ganda yang mana setiap anggota koperasi merupakan pemilik sekaligus pengguna jasa koperasi
Hospitalitas Kepemimpinan Kristen di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Tandepadang Detris
Published: March 2022

Hospitalitas merupakan sebuah proses atau tindakan keramahtamahan atau hubungan persahabatan kepada orang yang tidak dikenali. Hospitalitas merupakan suatu hal yang begitu sangat penting dalam kehidupan. Beberapa orang yang unggul/mempunyai keunggulan dalam hal material menerapkan hospitalitas dengan memakai uang. Mereka memberikan uang kepada orang-orang miskin, namun apakah cara tersebut seorang pemimpin dapat disebut sebagai orang yang menerapkan nilai hospitalitas yang sebenarnya?. Pada akhir tahun 2019 dunia dikejutkan oleh pandemi yang disebabkan oleh Virus Corona. Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) menimbulkan rasa khawatir dalam dunia global karena penyebaran yang sangat cepat dan bersifat mematikan. Pemerintah menggalakan kebijakan social distancing/physical distancing, mengurangi kerumuman untuk menimilisir perkembangan Covid-19. Masyarakat Indonesia menerima anjuran tersebut namun terdapat beberapa reaksi seperti panic buying, persekusi terhadap tenaga kesehatan yang diasumsikan terpapar Covid-19, dan kasus lainya yang memperlihatkan hilangnya hospitalitas warga negara Indonesia. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan bagaimana hospitalitas Kepemimpinan Kristen di Masa Pandemi Covid-19, dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan pengumulan data melalui studi literature baik dari buku, jurnal, mapun website.
Menganalisis Bagaimana Umat Kristiani Dalam Menghadapi Masalah Agama dan Kebudayaan di Masa Pandemi Covid19 di Indonesia
Authors: Rina Junita
Published: March 2022

Abstrak: Keberagaman budaya dan agama yang ada di Indonesia menjadi sebuah perbedaan, namun itu bukan menjadi salah satu penghalang dalam mengikat tali persaudaraan. Kita mengetahui bahwa sebagai masyarakat Indonesia yang perlu kita junjung tinggi adalah meskipun berbeda namun kita tetap satu. Menghargai merupakan salah satu etika yang sangat berperan dalam bermasyarakat. Beretika yang baik akan menjadi sumber kedamaian. Seperti halnya saat ini negara kita sedang mengalami musibah yang besar yang bisa dikatakan sangat merugikan. Penyebaran virus yang lebih dikenal covid-19 sudah menyebar dimana-mana dan hampir semua daerah terkena.
Jenis, Bentuk, Dan Penjenjangan Koperasi
Authors: Asniar
Published: March 2022

Koperasi merupakan bagian dari tata susunan ekonomi. Koperasi sebagai perkumpulan untuk kesejahteraan bersama, melakukan usaha dan kegiatan di bidang pemenuhan kebutuhan bersama dari para anggotanya. Perkembangan koperasi di Indonesia tidak dimulai dari bawah (bottom up) tetapi dari atas (top down), artinya koperasi berkembang di Indonesia bukan dari kesadaran masyarakat, tetapi muncul dari dukungan pemerintah yang disosialisasikan ke bawah. Sehingga, pemerintah bekerja dobel selain mendukung juga harus mensosialisasikanya dulu ke bawah sehingga rakyat menjadi mengerti akan manfaat dan tujuan dari koperasi. Faktor pembeda koperasi dengan lembaga usaha lain adalah bahwa dalam koperasi terdapat nilai-nilai dan prinsip yang tidak terdapat atau tidak dikembangkan secara sadar dalam organisasi lain. Oleh sebab itu pemahaman atas nilai-nilai. koperasi : keterbukaan, demokrasi, partisipasi, kemandirian, kerjasama, pendidikan, dan kepedulian pada masyarakat; seharusnya merupakan pilar utama dalam perkembangan suatu koperasi. Pada gilirannya kemudian nilai dan prinsip itulah yang akan menjadi faktor penentu keberhasilan koperasi.
MEMAKNAI HOSPITALITAS SEBAGAI CARA HIDUP ORANG KRISTEN SEKAITAN DENGAN (KOL 4:2) DIMASA NEW NORMAL
Authors: wulandari Agnes
Published: March 2022

Abstrak: Sekitar akhir tahun 2019 kehidupan Internasional diguncang dengan munculnya Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19).Pada tanggal 2 Maret 2020 merupakan awal dimana Indonesia merasakan guncangan dari covid-19 dimana pada saat itu terkonfirmasi satu pasien positif. Dua tahun Telah berlalu cara hidup masyarakat pasti berbeda dari masa pandemi Covid-19 Kemasa New Normal, begitupun dengan cara hidup orang kristen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap cara hidup orang kristen sekaitan dengan Kol 4:2 dimasa New normal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian grounded theory dan menggunakan triagulasi . Tulisan ini akan memperlihatkan mengenai cara hidup orang Kristen dalam menjalani kehidupan mereka dimasa new normal Sesuai dengan kol 4:2 Bertekunlah dalam doa, dan berjaga-jaga dengan ucapan syukur. Hasil dari penelitian ini terdiri atas dua poin utama yaitu: pertama, Pemaknaan Hospitalitas terhadap cara hidup orang kristen. Kedua, cara hidup orang Kristen dimasa new normal sesuai Kol 4:2.
Penerapan Hospitalitas Kepemimpinan Kuliah Online di Era Pandemi
Authors: Paundanan Kristitin
Published: March 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 merupakan suatu kasus infeksi yang disebabkan oleh virus corona yang baru. Virus ini mengakibatkan gejala gangguan pernapasan dan perlu perlakukan khusus untuk pengobatannya. Virus ini juga sangat cepat menyebar dan mudah dan sangat berbahaya bagi orang yang pengidap yang memiliki penyakit komplikasi lainnya.Hospitalitas dimaknai sebagai keramahtamahan dari satu individu ke individu lainnya atau satu kelompok dengan kelompok lainnya. Hospitalitas didasari dengan bentuk cinta kasih terhadap yang lain yang merupakan bentuk penyambutan dari satu individu ke individu lainnya. Kepemimpinan adalah proses di mana seseorang dapat mengarahkan, membimbing dan mempengaruhi perilaku dan pekerjaan orang lain menuju tujuan tertentu. Oleh karena itu, salah satu tujuan kepemimpinan yaitu menjadi sarana untuk mencapai sebuah tujuan.
Sejarah Koperasi Syariah dan UMKM
Authors: Nurfitri
Published: March 2022

Koperasi pertama kali di perkenalkan oleh seseorang berkebangsaan skotlandia yang bernama Robert Owen (1771 - 1858). Setelah berkembang dan di terapkan di beberapa Negara-negara Eropa, koperasi mulai masuk dan berkembang di Indonesia. Di Indonesia koperasi mulai diperkenalkan oleh Patih R. Aria Wiria Atmaja pada tahun 1896 dengan melihat banyaknya para pegawai negeri yang tersiksa dan menderita akibat bunga yang terlalu tinggi dari rentenir yang memberikan pinjaman uang.
Hospitalitas Kristen Sebagai Upaya Menjaga Relasi Senior-Junior Dikalangan Mahasiswa IAKN Toraja Di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Matandung Shintya
Published: March 2022

Hospitalitas sebagai suatu sikap ramah tamah yang dilandasi oleh cinta kasih merupakan pendekatan yang sangat humanis terutama dalam menjalin relasi antara senior dan junior, sehingga paradigma lama mengenai senioritas tidak lagi menjadi momok yang menakutkan bagi junior, penerapan senior-junior yang dilandasi dengan sikap ramah tama dan cinta kasih harus tetap diandasi dengan sikap saling menghargai antara senior dan junior khususnya pada pandemi covid-19. Dengan adanya corona virus relasi antara senior-junior dalam dunia kampus sangatlah di prihatinkan karena banyak yang sudah tidak menganggap seniornya, bahkan jika mereka berpapasan mereka mengabaikan tanpa menyapa senior yang mereka lihat. Relasi antara keduanya sangat di sayangkan karena harusnya junior lebih menghormati yang lebih tua dan menaati peraturan kampus.
Ruang lingkup
Authors: widiyanti
Published: March 2022

Ruang lingkup adalah batasan banyaknya subjek yang tercakup dalam sebuah masalah. Secara umum memiliki makna batasan. Dalam arti luas batasan ini bisa dalam bentuk materi, variable yang diteliti, subjek, atau lokasi.
The Health Communication Orientations Scale. Development and two-country validation of a questionnaire that measures health communication style preferences
Authors: Smit Eline Suzanne , Kirch Matthias , Resnicow Ken
Published: March 2022

Objective Autonomous motivation is a key driver of health-related behaviors. However, individual preferences exist for health messaging. This paper outlines the development and validation of the Health Communication Orientations Scale (HCOS), a new measure to assess health communication style preferences. Methods Nationally representative online panels from the US (n = 603) and the Netherlands (n = 737) completed a survey containing the HCOS, established motivational measures, and demographic questions. Results Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis identified five subscales valid for both populations. Factors include HCOS (1) Expert, (2) Others, (3) Self, (4) Oppositional, and (5) Internet. Scores for HCOS Expert and HCOS Internet were higher in the US than in the Dutch sample, and Others, Self, and Oppositional were higher in the Dutch sample. Internal reliability for the five factors was high across both samples (range 0.84-0.91). Many significant correlations with established measures were observed in both samples indicating the construct validity of the scale. Conclusion The HCOS subscales have strong psychometric properties.Practice implications The HCOS represents a novel approach to assessing communication style preferences for general and patient populations. Further investigation in how the HCOS may be used to tailor health messaging is warranted.
JENIS BENTUK DAN CARA PENJENJANGAN
Authors: Sari Nurintan Permata
Published: March 2022

Koperasi sudah dikenal sejak lama oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Badan usaha yang menjalankan kegiatan usahanya berdasarkan atas asas kekeluargaan ini juga telah cukup banyak membantu meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat dan pembangunan nasional.
Implementasi Hospitalitas Pemimpin Untuk Memperkenalkan Kearifan Budaya Lokal Di Era Digital
Authors: Sakke' Welsi
Published: March 2022

Indonesia merupakan negara yang terkenal dengan keragaman budaya dari berbagai daerah yang ada di dalamnya dan peran pemimpin dalam pengenalan dan pengembangan budaya lokal setiap daerah sangat penting, di mana seorang pemimpinlah yang memiliki banyak wewenang dan tanggung jawab untuk memberikan sosialisasi dan dukungan bagi setiap warganya agar mereka pun memiliki rasa tanggung jawab yang tinggi untuk terus bersama-sama memperkenalkan bahkan mengembangkan setiap kearifan budaya termasuk setiap potensi yang ada di masing-masing daerah dengan penerapan hospitalitas yang bukan hanya sebuah konsep yang wajib dimiliki namun harus dipraktikkan dalam hubungan bagi siapa pun. Dalam hal ini penulis melihat bahwa dalam memperkenalkan dan mengembangkan budaya tentu diperlukan hospitalitas terutama bagi orang asing agar mereka tertarik dan menghargai setiap budaya yang kita perkenalkan. Era digital saat ini merupakan era dimana semua hal dapat dilakukan tanpa harus melalui pertemuan secara langsung, kini kita dapat melakukan perjumpaan dengan kerabat dan siapa saja, baik orang yang kita kenal bahkan sampai pada orang yang tidak kita kenal sama sekali di mana pun dan kapan pun melalui koneksi jaringan, termasuk dalam hal pengaplikasian hospitalitas. Hospitalitas kini dapat kita aplikasikan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari melalui dunia digitalisasi termasuk bagi para pemimpin dan siapa pun yang ingin memperkenalkan budayanya.
TEORI PENAWARAN DAN KURVA PENAWARAN DALAM MIKROEKONOMI
Authors: gunawan sahrul
Published: March 2022

Dalam keseharian kita istilah permintaan dan penawaran terdapat dalam ilmu ekonomi yang saling terkait satu sama lain antara pembeli dan penjual dipasar,untuk membentuk satuan harga dan kuantitas dalam setiap perdagangan kedua hal tersebut memengaruhi.
Menganalisis Bagaimana Umat Kristiani Dalam Menghadapi Masalah Agama dan Kebudayaan di Masa Pandemi Covid19 di Indonesia
Authors: Mangosa Jimmy
Published: March 2022

Keberagaman budaya dan agama yang ada di Indonesia menjadi sebuah perbedaan, namun itu bukan menjadi salah satu penghalang dalam mengikat tali persaudaraan. Kita mengetahui bahwa sebagai masyarakat Indonesia yang perlu kita junjung tinggi adalah meskipun berbeda namun kita tetap satu. Menghargai merupakan salah satu etika yang sangat berperan dalam bermasyarakat. Beretika yang baik akan menjadi sumber kedamaian. Seperti halnya saat ini negara kita sedang mengalami musibah yang besar yang bisa dikatakan sangat merugikan. Penyebaran virus yang lebih dikenal covid-19 sudah menyebar dimana-mana dan hampir semua daerah terkena.
KERJA SAMA DIBIDANG USAHA ANTAR KOPERASI
Authors: sandita riana putri , sandita riana putri
Published: March 2022

bekerja sama dengan anggotanya untuk menciptakan keunggulankomparatif koperasi juga dapat menjalin kerja sama dengan usaha yang bukan dimilikioleh anggota koperasi untuk menciptakan keunggulan kompetitif Kedua bentuk kerjasama in dapat berjalan beriringan asalkan koperasi tidak mengabaikan kriteria dan prinsipnya Jika kerja sama dalam kapitalisme dibangun berdasarkan metafora Invisible hand, yartu suatu bentuk kerja sama berdasarkan konsekuensi-konsekuensi ekonomidari tindakan-tindakan manusia untuk mencapai kepentingan diri sendiri, kerja sama dalam koperasi merupakan bentuk tindakan-tindakan individu yang dikoordinasikan untuk mencapai tujuan-tujuan tertentu berdasarkan kepentingan-kepentingan bersama.Dalam konteks keindonesiaon, kerja sama.
JENIS, BENTUK DAN CARA PENJENJANGAN
Authors: Amalia Muhlisatul
Published: March 2022

Pemerintah Indonesia sangat berkepentingan dengan koperasi, karena koperasi di dalam sistem perekonomian merupakan soko guru. Koperasi di Indonesia belum memiliki kemampuan untuk menjalankan peranannya secara efektif dan kuat. Hal ini disebabkan koperasi masih menghadapi hambatan struktural dalam penguasaan faktor produksi khususnya permodalan. Dengan demikian masih perlu perhatian yang lebih luas lagi oleh pemerintah agar keberadaan koperasi yang ada di Indonesia bisa benar-benar sebagai soko guru perekonomian Indonesia yang merupakan sistem perekonomian yang dituangkan dalam Undang-undang Dasar 1945.
Rationality and Relevance Realization
Authors: Riedl Anna , Vervaeke John
Published: March 2022

Under radical uncertainty, relevance realization, which continuously solves the frame problem by deciding what to zero in on while intelligently ignoring what does not matter, is both the integration of the debate between axiomatic and ecological rationality and is central to the question of bounded rationality.The interdisciplinary rationality question seeks to understand optimal judgment and decision-making under uncertainty, with Herbert Simon’s scissors analogy highlighting how both internal cognitive constraints and the environment limit bounded rationality. Ecological rationality and the axiomatic approach differ in their statistical foundations, each emphasizing different errors of generalization in the bias-variance dilemma: the speed-accuracy and efficiency-robustness trade-offs. Relevance realization solves the frame problem and reconciles the conflict between the statistical requirements of the axiomatic and ecological traditions through the ongoing creation of well-posed small world idealizations—the enactivist "middle way" between realism and idealism. Relevance realization brings forth what is significant through opponent processing of multiple trade-offs amid the ill-posed and radical uncertainty of the natural world.This understanding is analogous to the problem of meaning in AI and relocates the importance of probability theory and the axioms of rationality into a sociocultural tool for insight in small worlds. Enactive and embodied rationality, the pragmatic turn in cognitive science, and precision-weighting in predictive processing further assert the validity of this non-propositional perspective on bounded cognition and rationality.
Konsep Dasar Manajemen Pemasaran
Authors: Sari Nurintan Permata
Published: March 2022

Pemasaran ialah sebuah konsep ilmu dan strategi bisnis yang berorientasi untuk mencapai kepuasan berkelanjutan bagi pelanggang, karyawan, pemegang saham.
PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM MENANAMKAN NILAI-NILAI MORAL PADA ANAK-ANAK DI JEMAAT PONGREA
Authors: Allositandi Dedi
Published: March 2022

Keluarga merupakan unit sosial terkecil dalam masyarakat, tetapi mempunyai pengaruh yang sangat besar bagi bangsa dan Negara. Dari keluargalah akan lahir generasi penerus yang akan menentukan nasib bangsa. Apabila keluarga dapan menjalankan fungsi dengan baik, makan dimungkinkan tumbuh generasi yang berkualitas dan dapat diandalkan yang akan menjadi pilar-pilar kemajuan bangsa, bukan tidak mungkin akan menghasilkan generasi-generasi yang bermasalah dan dapat jadi beban sosial masyarakat. Keberfungsian keluarga sangat ditentukan oleh proses-proses yang berlangsung di dalamnya
Investigating preferential acquisition and attachment in early word learning through cognitive, visual and latent multiplex lexical networks
Authors: Ciaglia Floriana , Stella Massimo , Kennington Casey
Published: March 2022

Children learn their first language in a highly multimodal environment. This paper outlines a quantitative framework capturing children's typical language acquisition through multimodal conceptual features. Building on prior research from cognitive network science and distributional semantic theories from natural language processing, this work models toddlers' learning environment, between months 18 and 30, as either a multiplex lexical network capturing phonological/semantic/visual/sensorimotor and latent conceptual similarities, or as a collection of vectorial latent/sensorimotor/visual word embeddings. Each layer represents a set of information that toddlers might use to learn words over time. By comparing both attachment and acquisition, we reproduce past results about preferential acquisition capturing correlations with normative learning when using a semantic/phonological multiplex network. We extend this approach to show that: (i) preferential attachment can capture strong signals of normative word acquisition but only when visual and latent aspects of words are merged in a multiplex network with semantic/syntactic/phonological layers; (ii) preferential acquisition produces overall stronger signals in all other instances (in agreement with approaches); (iii) evidence for anti-correlations show the prevalence of word distinctiveness across early word learning strategies, as also identified in past approaches. We also explore cosine distance as a new attachment method for layers that are derived from embeddings and, as has been shown in prior work with multiplex networks, only when all layers are used do patterns emerge that correlate with normative word learning. Word embeddings and network structures provide analogous results, indicating how the combination of these structures for modelling strategies in word learning represents a viable and promising direction for future research.
The role of language in mental health during the transition from primary to secondary education
Authors: Jelen Maria Barbara , Griffiths Sarah Louise , Lucas Laura , Saul Jo , Norbury Courtenay
Published: March 2022

We report a preregistered analysis testing whether children that meet diagnostic criteria for language disorder (LD) have higher self-reported and/or parent-reported mental health symptoms during the transition from primary to secondary education. Data are from a longitudinal cohort study that oversampled children at risk of LD at school entry. Language was measured using a battery of standardised assessments in Year 1 (age 5-6 years, n = 529) and mental health symptoms were measured using self and parent report measures in Year 6 (age 10-11 years, n = 384) and Year 8 (age 12-13 years, n = 246). Social experiences were also measured using self-report measures in Year 6. Mental health symptoms were stable during the transition from primary to secondary school. Symptom rates did not differ between children with and without LD based on self-report, but children with language disorder did have higher parent-reported mental health symptoms than their peers with typical language. Similarly, early language was negatively associated with parent-reported but not self-reported mental health symptoms. Early language was also associated with fewer child-reported positive social experiences in Year 6, but social experiences did not mediate the association between language and mental health. We found poor agreement between parent and self-reported child mental health symptoms across language groups. Future studies should aim to determine sources of disagreement between parent and child report, particularly for children with communication difficulties who may struggle to accurately self-report mental health symptoms.
Is the European Union More Unequal Than the Habsburg Empire? Examining Regional Inequalities in Habsburg Regions From 1870 to 2018
Authors: Erfurth Philipp Emanuel
Published: March 2022

This study examines regional inequality among Habsburg regions from the 19th century to today's EU by using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software to recreate historical regions in present-day projections. The findings suggests that regional disparities are markedly higher today than in the 19th century, despite rapid convergence in the past two decades. The study thus provides evidence of retrospective determinism in the study of the Habsburg economy and suggests that, although regional EU policy has been successful over the past two decades, further policy measures are needed to make up lost ground. For the 1867–1913 timeframe, the study finds two regional convergence clubs. Over the entire 1870–2018 period under review, the study finds no evidence of convergence. (Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality Working Paper)
Effect of Boron on Growth and Yield Parameters of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var botrytis cv Snow Mystique) in Terhathum, Nepal
Authors: Poudel Nabin , Baral Purnima , Neupane Muna , Shrestha Sundar Man , Shrestha Arjun Kumar , Bhatta Sandesh
Published: March 2022

A study was conducted to determine the effect of different levels of boron on growth and yield parameters of Snow Mystique variety of cauliflower at farmer's field in Myanglung, Terhathum, Nepal during the winter season of 2019 AD. Five levels of boron viz, control (0 kg/ha), 0.5 kg/ha, 1.0 kg/ha, 1.5 kg/ha, and 2.1 kg/ha were applied in the field that was laid out in  Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. Data were recorded regarding plant height, canopy cover, and leaf number at 30, 45, 60, and 75 days after transplanting while yield parameters like curd diameter, curd yield, and biological yield after harvest. Days to curd initiation, days to harvest, and incidence of hollowing were also recorded in this study. Results revealed that boron had significant effect on growth as well as yield parameters of cauliflower, where the value of these parameters were higher at higher boron dose. Boron at the rate of 2.1 kg/ha produced significantly higher curd yield (67.59 t/ha), curd diameter (25.21 cm) and biological yield (72.27 t/ha) whereas the value of these parameters were lowest with control. Similarly, boron had significant effect on incidence of hollowing where the application of boron at the rate of 2.1 kg/ha recorded the minimum incidence of hollowing (15.27 %).  Results from this experiment concludes that application of boron at the rate of 2.1 kg/ha could be suggested for cauliflower growing farmers of Terhathum district for increased growth and yield of cauliflower.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 10(1): 41-49.
Albergues temporales como apoyo a la accesibilidad al tercer nivel de atención para poblaciones rurales dispersas: experiencias de pacientes y acompañantes
Authors: Sarmiento Medina María Inés , Caicedo Montaño Camilo Alberto , Ardila Sierra Adriana Mercedes , Calderón Barrera Jhon Alexander , Martínez Rodríguez María Alejandra , Rivera Triana Diana Patricia
Published: March 2022

Introducción: los servicios de salud en salud zonas rurales dispersas se han focalizado en la atención primaria. Para lograr integralidad es necesario brindar accesibilidad a los servicios de tercer nivel, lo que representa un reto para los sistemas de salud por los costos y la disponibilidad de profesionales. Varios países desplazan especialistas y equipos a las zonas rurales; en Colombia son los pacientes quienes se trasladan a los centros especializados y las aseguradoras en salud administran dineros provenientes del estado para cubrir los costos. Para ello se requiere el apoyo de albergues temporales que brinden alojamiento y alimentación a pacientes y familiares de bajos recursos. Métodos: estudio cualitativo de caso con enfoque fenomenológico para conocer la experiencia de los usuarios de dos albergues que atienden pacientes y acompañantes provenientes de una zona distante 700 km de Bogotá. Resultados: los servicios de los albergues son bien percibidos por los usuarios, aunque se destacan aspectos locativos por mejorar. El servicio se focaliza en hospedaje, transporte y alimentación quedando un vacío en otras necesidades como ocupación del tiempo libre, apoyo emocional y social. La demora en la atención en salud es la principal causa de inconformidad pues afecta la cotidianidad de las familias por el desplazamiento y la incomunicación.  Conclusiones: la atención especializada trasladando pacientes de las zonas dispersas a los centros urbanos representa una experiencia innovadora que debe ser evaluada desde el punto de vista económico y emocional para analizar su relación costo beneficio y su sostenibilidad.
Greenwashing w kontekście unormowań prawnych
Authors: Przybojewska Ilona
Published: March 2022

Problem greenwashingu, który polega, mówiąc w uproszczeniu, na wysuwaniu fałszywych lub wprowadzających w błąd twierdzeń na temat wpływu danego produktu lub przedsiębiorstwa na środowisko naturalne, jest coraz powszechniejszym zjawiskiem. Niniejszy artykuł stanowi próbę opisu rzeczywistej i potencjalnej odpowiedzi systemu prawa na ten problem.
Permasalahan Tanah Ulayat Pasca Kegiatan Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematik Lengkap di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Chandra Adek
Published: March 2022

: Pendaftaran tanah adalah rangkaian kegiatan meliputi pengumpulan, pengolahan, pembukuan, dan penyajian serta pemeliharaan data fisik dan data yuridis termasuk pemberian surat tanda bukti haknya bagi bidang-bidang tanah yang sudah ada haknya. Keberadaan tanah ulayat hanya dibatasi sampai dengan pengakuan adanya tanah ulayat yang dikuasai oleh masyarakat hukum adat, namun tidak mengatur lebih jelas tentang pendaftaran tanah, termasuk melalui Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL). Berdasarkan hal tersebut penelitian mengkaji kendala dan permasalahan tanah ulayat pasca kegiatan PTSL, serta strategi Kantor Pertanahan dalam penyelesaian masalah tanah ulayat pasca kegiatan PTSL. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif-empiris. Pelaksanaan kegiatan PTSL pada objek ulayat menemui banyak kendala dan permasalahan pasca kegiatannya. Pluralisme hukum dalam pendaftaran tanah tidak terakomodir dalam Peraturan Menteri terkait PTSL. Peran Ninik Mamak dalam pendaftaran hak ulayat harus disinkronkan dengan beberapa kebijakan pemerintah agar terwujudnya pendaftaran tanah yang sejalan dengan tujuan pemerintah.
Editorial (Special Issue 6)
Authors: Editor -
Published: March 2022

Abstract not availableInternational Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2022 Page: S3
Symposium 1: Post COVID-19 World
Authors: Rusli Mohammad Farhan
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic that landed on Malaysian shores in January of 2019, was an event that is unbelievable, unexpected, ill-prepared and extremely underestimated. The pandemic exposed cracks and fractures that exist in our healthcare system and showed how fragile and vulnerable our public health infrastructure is. As Malaysians soldier on to what seems a knee-level muddy struggle in health, economy, and social well-being in a post-COVID-19 world, one must note that we must adapt and prepare in order to be resilient and be on-standby for future pandemics should they hit us again. Herewith lies the 5 pillars – digitalization of the healthcare system, integration of public health and clinical care, inter-agency collaboration, effective risk-communication, and most importantly, effective and strong governance. The first pillar focuses on the need to rapidly deploy and create a digital ecosystem that has a strong UI/UX base, both modifiable and adaptive in nature that is robust in facing any new developments in pandemic and public health challenges. The second pillar addresses the need to bridge the gap between public health services and clinical care for a seamless patient experience. The third pillar is the way forward on cutting through the bureaucracy that hinders effective implementation. The fourth pillar details the need of keeping order in chaos, enabling the people to understand and absorb trustable, reliable and accurate information. The fifth pillar is the cream of them all, where governance of the future will capture and effectively prepare the nation for a post-COVID-19 world with key policies, regulations and readied workforce.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2022 Page: S7
Photo-Anthropometric Study of Breadth of Eye and Intercanthal Distance Among Tribal Garo and Non-tribal Adult Bangladeshi Females of Mymensingh Zone
Authors: Tania Israt Jahan , Ara Shamim , Naushaba Humaira , Paul Uttam Kumar , Akhter Mahbuba
Published: March 2022

Background: Anthropometry provides quantitative data in identifying people having different physical characteristics in diagnosing people having craniofacial abnormality and to compare between patient and normal population. The eye is a person’s most defining feature because the shape of the eye differs from race to race, tribe to tribe and from one environment to another.Objective: To see craniofacial anthropometric differences between tribal (Garo) and non-tribal Bangladeshi females.Materials & Methods: This cross sectional, analytical type of study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, from January to December of 2015. The study subjects consist of two hundred adult Bangladeshi females of Mymensingh Zone – 100 were tribal (Garo) females and 100 were non-tribal females.Results: The mean breadth of eye from ‘distance between outer and inner canthus of right and left eye ’was higher in non- tribal female than tribal (Garo) female and was statistically significant (P<0.001) and intercanthal breadth from ‘distance between inner canthus of right and left eye’ was higher in tribal female than non-tribal female and was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion: The breadth of the eye was greater in non- tribal female and intercanthal breadth was greater in tribal females.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 01 January’22 Page: 104-107
Three-Jaw Chuck Pinch Strength and Its Correlation with Hand Breadth in Electronic Technicians
Authors: Akter Shahnawaz , Asha Moushumi Taher , Ara Shamim , Kishwara Segupta , Shahriah Sunjida
Published: March 2022

Context: The three jaw chuck pinch refers to an act where placing the object between the pad of the distal phalanx of the thumb opposing the pads of the distal phalanges of both the index finger and the middle finger. Pinch strength is generally influenced by the health status and level of physical activity of a person.Objectives: The present study was planned to measure the correlation of three-jaw chuck pinch strength with hand breadth in electronics technicians working in Dhaka Metropolitan City. The data obtained from the study used as a base line for other professions as well as for research in our country.Methods: A cross-sectional, analytical study was carried out in the department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka during the period of July’ 2015 to June’ 2016 with 100 adult male electronics technicians and 100 adult sedentary workers. Collection was done by convenient purposive sampling technique. Hand breadth was measured by digital slide calipers and pinch gauge was used to measure the three-jaw chuck pinch strength.Results: The mean three-jaw chuck pinch strength was significantly higher (P<0.05) in case group than in the control group. Significant difference also observed between case group and control group in the mean hand breadth (P<0.05). Mean hand breadth was greater in case group than that of control group. Three-jaw chuck pinch strength showed significant positive correlation with hand breadth in case group. Case group was further subdivided according to their working experiences, the mean three-jaw chuck pinch strength and hand breadth was significantly higher (P<0.05) in more working experience group than in less working experience group.Conclusion: Three-jaw chuck pinch strength showed significant positive correlation with hand breadth.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 01 January’22 Page: 108-112
Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) and Epsilon wave
Authors: Ky Wong Choc , Fauzi Mohd Hashairi , Rahman Andey , Mohd Shukri Mohd Faiz , Tuan Kamauzaman Tuan Hairulnizam , Abdul Ghani Mohd Najib
Published: March 2022

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is often underdiagnosed in ruling out the cardiac cause for any syncope. It is an inherited cardiomyopathy characterized by fibro-fatty replacement of right ventricular myocardium. ARVC is the second most common cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) after hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), causing up to 20% of SCD in younger patients (age <35 yo). The prevalence is 1:5000 people overall. We described a case report of suspected ARVC and the role of bedside electrocardiography (ECG) and point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in Emergency Department.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 01 January’22 Page: 136-139
Primary Nasopharyngeal Adenocarcinoma (NAC) in A Remission Stage of Nasopharyngeal Squamous Carcinoma Patient
Authors: WAA Wan Hassan , KA M Rajet , N Md Salleh , R Ibrahim , BD Susibalan , WI Leman
Published: March 2022

Nasopharyngeal adenocarcinoma is an extremely rare entity with the incidence about 0.5% of all nasopharyngeal cancer. We report a case of nasopharyngeal adenocarcinoma (NAC) in a patient who is already on remission of nasopharyngeal squamous carcinoma. He had completed radiotherapy for 35 cycles. However, after remission completed for about 2 years with regular follow up, he was diagnosed with another carcinoma. Due its rarity, treatment modality of nasopharyngeal adenocarcinoma is still debatable as no studies has been shown to be the best modalities. Nasopharyngectomy, neck nodes dissection as well as post-operative radiotherapy are the best treatment of choice for this type of carcinoma.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 01 January’22 Page: 140-142
Development of the Gross Motor Function Family Report (GMF-FR) for Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Chagas Paula S. C. , Rosenbaum Peter , Wright F. Virginia , Pritchard Lesley , Wright Marilyn , Martins Toledo Aline , Camargos Ana Cristina R. , Longo Egmar , Leite Hércules R.
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To describe the initial steps in the development of a family-completed, modified version of the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) to report gross motor function of young people with cerebral palsy in their natural environments. Methods: Development of the Gross Motor Function – Family Report (GMF-FR) was based on expert opinion involving 13 experienced clinicians and researchers, in four steps: (1) item identification to target items that reflect functional gross motor performance; (2) item selection; (3) critical analysis of the items; and (4) item and scoring modification. Results: Several modifications to existing items and scoring were made, including wording changes to optimize ease of families’ understanding, the addition of photographs to illustrate all items, changes to the items to enable use of furniture instead of specialized equipment, and modifications to scoring criteria to ensure a focus on functional motor skills. Ultimately, 30 items were selected, and specific testing/scoring instructions were created for each item. Conclusions: GMF-FR is a new family-report tool, based on the GMFM-88. When validated, it can be used as a telehealth outcome measure to capture family-reported functional motor skill performance in home and community environments.
Sustainable tourism policy in practice: A comparative case study of Argentina and Costa Rica
Authors: Tamargo Valentina , Pál Ágnes , Szabóné Erdélyi Éva
Published: March 2022

Argentina and Costa Rica are two Latin American countries rich in natural attractions that make up most of their tourism attractiveness for visitors. However, Costa Rica has managed to establish itself as a successful example and leader in the Sustainable Tourism sector, while Argentina could not. The aim of the present work is to explore what can account for such differences: more specifically, why Argentina has been unable to establish healthy sustainable tourism development. To examine the research question, the present study sets to describe the Tourism Development Policy of Argentina and Costa Rica, analyse their sustainability, and compare both countries by using a comparative qualitative and interpretative case study method. Comparisons will be made concerning three different governance levels: international, national, and local. The results of the present study show a close resemblance of both countries’ international policy with a stark difference at the national level, with two main consequences. Firstly, it suggests a greater importance of the National Tourism Development guiding plan when it comes to setting directions of the sustainability of the sector. Secondly, the biggest contrast that can be identified between the two countries is found on the environmental component of sustainability. Thirdly, it is observed that the application of National Tourism Policy at a local level has a high impact on the sustainability of the touristic activity, especially in terms of the involvement and inclusion of local communities. Finally, suggestions and easily applicable modifications are formulated based on the Costa Rican example to improve the country’s tourism Development in the years to come.
CLINICAL CASE OF COVID-ASSOCIATED GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME
Authors: Petrova U.M. , Garmash Yu.Yu. , Klimenko O.V. , Bedny V.V. , Mylnikova O.G. , Eagle V.M.
Published: March 2022

The aim of our article is to shed light on the problem of the development of Guillain-Barre syndrome after COVID-19 infection

Materials and methods

The main research methods we used were scientific research and the actual description of our own clinical case. Laboratory research methods, magnetic resonance imaging, and electromyography were used to confirm the diagnosis and perform differential diagnostics.

Results.

In 2021, the Center for Acute Neurology and Pain Treatment treated 12 patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome. Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute autoimmune inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy. The clinical picture of GBS includes progressive motor and sensory disorders in the extremities and pain.

We bring to your attention a clinical case of GBS in patient B., who was treated at the clinical hospital "Feofania". Patient B., 32 years old, was hospitalized in the Feofania Clinical Hospital with complaints of weakness in her arms and legs, inability to walk, foreign body sensation in the throat, difficulty swallowing, chest discomfort, and difficulty breathing. A few weeks before the disease, the patient was treated for a mild SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patient's condition gradually deteriorated by day 25 of the disease, despite plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulin and glucocorticoid therapy. However, from day 29, the condition gradually improved and on re-examination after 2 months, the patient remained mild distal paresis of the leg muscles (up to 4 points), decreased tendon reflexes from the lower extremities. Disorders of sensitivity and function of the pelvic organs were not observed.

Conclusion.

In our article, we present a case of COVID-19-associated GBS with a classic clinical picture, increased peripheral paresis, stabilization, and gradual recovery of all functions (respiration, pelvic function, motor, sensory, and reflex) through pathogenetic treatment and follow-up rehabilitation measures.