bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prognostic role of GDF-15 across the spectrum of clinical risk in patients with NSTE-ACS
Authors: Zelniker Thomas A. , Jarolim Petr , Silverman Michael G. , Bohula Erin A. , Park Jeong-Gun , Bonaca Marc P. , Scirica Benjamin M. , Morrow David A.
Published: February 2019

Background

Growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15 has been shown to predict cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) using non-commercial assays. We evaluated the prognostic performance of GDF-15 measured with the first clinically available assay. Furthermore, we evaluated whether GDF-15 was associated with CV death or heart failure (HF) across the spectrum of risk in non-ST-segment elevation (NSTE)-ACS.

Methods

We measured baseline GDF-15 (Roche, Elecsys) in 4330 patients with NSTE-ACS enrolled in MERLIN-TIMI 36. Patients were categorized using a priori thresholds of GDF-15 levels (<1200, 1200–1800, ≥1800 ng/L) and stratified according to estimated clinical risk per TIMI risk score (0–2, 3–4, and ≥5). Cox modeling included age, sex, BMI, smoking, HF, diabetes, renal function, NT-proBNP, hsTnT, and hsCRP.

Results

There were 2286 (53%), 1104 (25%), and 940 (22%) pts with GDF-15 <1200, 1200–1800, and ≥1800 respectively. GDF-15 was significantly associated after multivariable adjustment with CV death/HF modeled either as a categorical (1200–1800 ng/L: Adj hazard ratios [HR] 1.55 [1.09–2.19]; ≥1800 ng/L: Adj HR 1.94 [1.34–2.79]) or continuous variable (Adj HR 1.36 [1.16–1.60] per 1-unit increase in log2-transformed GDF-15). Notably, there was an interaction (Pinteraction=0.003) between TIMI risk score and GDF-15, with GDF-15 identifying the greatest incremental relative risk in those at lowest risk based on the TIMI risk score alone.

Conclusions

Using a clinically available assay, GDF-15 can be applied using established cut-off points to independently predict risk of CV death/HF in patients with NSTE-ACS. This incremental risk appears to be particularly robust among individuals traditionally identified as low risk.
On the Stable Difference Schemes for the Schrödinger Equation with Time Delay
Authors: Ashyralyev Allaberen , Agirseven Deniz
Published: February 2019

In the present paper, the first and second order of accuracy difference schemes for the approximate solutions of the initial value problem for Schrödinger equation with time delay in a Hilbert space are presented. The theorem on stability estimates for the solutions of these difference schemes is established. The application of theorems on stability of difference schemes for the approximate solutions of the initial boundary value problems for Schrödinger partial differential equation is provided. Additionally, some illustrative numerical results are presented.
A compiler architecture for domain-specific type error diagnosis
Authors: Serrano Alejandro , Hage Jurriaan
Published: February 2019

Domain-specific languages (DSLs) permeate current programming practices. An important kind of DSLs includes those developed and integrated within a host language, which we call embedded or internal DSLs. Unfortunately, embedded DSLs usually fall short on domain-specific error diagnosis, that is, they do not give control to DSL authors over how errors are reported to the programmer. As a consequence, implementation details of the DSL leak through in error messages, and programmers need to understand the internals of the DSL implementation to fix their code in a productive way. This paper addresses the challenge of building a compiler with integrated support for domain-specific error diagnosis. We assume that the type system is described using a constraint-based approach, and constraint solving is specified using rewrite rules. Domain information can then be injected at constraint gathering time via type rules, during constraint solving via specialized rules and axioms, and finally at blaming and reparation time via transformations. Furthermore, we define error contexts as a way to control the order in which solving and blaming proceeds. We engineer domain-specific error diagnosis in such a way that the compiler can also reuse the techniques for improving general error diagnosis.
Length problems for Bazilevič functions
Authors: Nunokawa Mamoru , Sokół Janusz , Tang Huo
Published: February 2019

Let C(r) denote the curve which is image of the circle |z| = r < 1 under the mapping f . Let L(r) be the length of C(r) and A(r) the area enclosed by the curve C(r). Furthermore M(r) = max|z|=r |f (z)|.We present some relations between these notions for Bazilevič functions.
Development of an Over-Temperature Supervising System of Switch Cabinet Based on Gas Sensing Technology
Authors: Le Jian , Zhou Qian , Wang Cao , Yang Zhi-chun , Zhang Hao
Published: February 2019

Existing over-temperature supervising (OTS) systems available for switch cabinet, even those based on advanced optical fiber sensing technology, are unable to satisfy the critical requirements such as reliability, safety, practicability and economy simultaneously. In this paper, a novel OTS scheme that take a special kind of gas to carry the signal indicating the over-temperature state of a switch cabinet is developed elaborately. Serving for the CO2 gas which has comprehensive and overwhelming superiorities in situation of OTS, a gas storage unit that is composed of a hard plastic crust and an inner tubular airbag, a gas releasing mechanism that consists of bimetallic and acupuncture, and a gas sensing terminal are designed artfully. The overall OTS system is finally developed by integrating these three parts with a background server via wireless communication technology. The advantages of the proposed system, such as high reliability and safety, fast response speed and universal applicability have been proven by lab tests and field experiments. Moreover, the inherent low cost and easy installation and maintenance features of our scheme facilitate the development of OTS systems for other electrical devices in power system.
Comparing a distributed parameter model-based system identification technique with more conventional methods for inverse problems
Authors: Li Jian , Luczak Susan E. , Rosen I. G.
Published: February 2019

Three methods for the estimation of blood or breath alcohol concentration (BAC/BrAC) from biosensor measured transdermal alcohol concentration (TAC) are evaluated and compared. Specifically, we consider a system identification/quasi-blind deconvolution scheme based on a distributed parameter model with unbounded input and output for ethanol transport in the skin and compare it to two more conventional system identification and filtering/deconvolution techniques for ill-posed inverse problems, one based on frequency domain methods and the other on a time series approach using an ARMA input/output model. Our basis for comparison are five statistical measures of interest to alcohol researchers and clinicians: peak BAC/BrAC, time of peak BAC/BrAC, the ascending and descending slopes of the BAC/BrAC curve, and the area underneath the BAC/BrAC curve.
Review of the development of the Peregrine Falcon(Falco peregrinus)population in Hungary between 1997 and 2018
Authors: Prommer Mátyás , Bagyura János
Published: February 2019

Peregrine Falcon(Falco peregrinus)populations recovered globally after a dramatic decline experienced between the 1950s and 1980s. The conservation challenge forced the raptor biologist community to co-operate internationally. As a part of the co-operation, four conferences were organised to identify the problem, coordinate conservation efforts including research and to monitor the recovery process of the species’ populations worldwide. The line of conferences started in Madison (WI, USA) in 1965 and was followed by two conferences in Sacramento (CA, USA) and Piotrowo/Poznań (Poland) in 1985 and in 2007, respectively. The latest conference was organised in 2017, in Budapest, where Peregrine experts discussed the latest research and monitoring results. The event provides a good occasion to review the development of the Peregrine population in Hungary. The species became extinct in Hungary as a breeding species in the mid-1960s due to the intensive use of pesticides (DDT) and it returned only in 1997, when the first successful breeding was recorded. In 2018, 72 active eyries were recorded. The Hungarian population is the edge of the Carpathian Peregrine population and the birds represent mostly the nominate subspecies(F. p. peregrinus), but individuals showing typical phenotype of the Mediterranean subspecies(F. p. brookei)were also observed. The northern race ofF. p. calidusalso occurs on migration and in winter. The Hungarian population is sedentary. Natal dispersal of females is biased to males, but in case of both sexes most ring recoveries of adult birds occurred within the Pannonian basin. The increasing Peregrine population expanding to the lowland may cause conservation conflict on medium term by competing with the endangered Saker Falcon(Falco cherrug)for the nest sites. The conservation status of the Peregrine Falcon in Hungary is good in general, but threats may emerge on local scale in some regions. No specific conservation measures are taken, research and monitoring focus on population changes and threats posed on and caused by Peregrines.
Population trends of the Peregrine Falcon in Switzerland with special reference to the period 2005–2016
Authors: Kéry Marc , Banderet Gabriel , Neuhaus Martin , Weggler Martin , Schmid Hans , Sattler Thomas , Parish David
Published: February 2019

We study population trends of the Peregrine Falcon(Falco peregrinus)in Switzerland with special reference to the development since 2005 and three study areas, South West Switzerland (4,993 km2, 1960–2015), the Northern Jura mountains (3,270 km2, 2005–2015) and the Canton of Zurich (1,748 km2, 2002–2015). We used dynamic occupancy models, which allow the territory-specific extinction and colonization parameters – the demographic rates (at the territory level) underlying a population trend – to be estimated. The Swiss peregrine population has developed in line with trends observed in many other countries and regions in North America and Europe: after the pesticide-induced collapse between the 1950s and 1970s, the population largely recovered up to the turn of the millennium. However, in recent years, we detected significant declines again: in SW Switzerland, the population decreased from 51 to 33 pairs during 2008–2015 (-35%), in the N Jura from 70 to 40 pairs during 2009–2015 (-43%) and in Zurich from 6–7 to 2–4 pairs during 2010–2015 (-50%). In the same time, the local extinction rate in the three study areas (more than) doubled from (0.05) 0.1 to 0.2, while the colonization rate dropped from 0.3 to 0.1 in one of the areas, while no change was detectable in the other two. We discuss two factors responsible for these strong, recent declines of Swiss peregrines: (1) predation by Eagle Owls(Bubo bubo)and (2) direct and illegal persecution by humans. In addition to these two factors, growing human disturbance (e.g. through climbers, bird photographers, paragliders, hikers, geocachers, etc.) and fatalities due to collisions with man-made structures (power lines, glass, wind turbines, etc.) are also suspected to contribute to the population decline.
A summary of intentional poisoning of Peregrine Falcons in Switzerland during the last decade
Authors: Inderwildi Eva , Müller Werner , Ayé Raffael , Sinniger Martin
Published: February 2019

In May 2011, a webcam in Zurich, Switzerland, registered the sudden death of a Peregrine Falcon. Analyses revealed that poison had been applied to the nape feathers of the pigeon captured by the bird. This case really raised the awareness of Peregrine Falcon poisoning by pigeon fanciers in Switzerland. BirdLife Switzerland, with the help of numerous partners, started researches on the subject that pigeon fanciers began a “war” against Peregrine Falcons and other raptors. Between 2006 and 2017, BirdLife Switzerland listed 7 cases of proven intentional poisonings of birds of prey where analyses confirmed the use of poison; and 19 suspected cases with the presence of dead pigeons and birds of prey simultaneously or other suspicious deaths in Switzerland. Three decoy pigeons with poison on the neck could be secured before they were captured by the target species. Two pigeon fanciers who used poisoned pigeons were convicted in 2016 and 2017. Although the numbers of proven and suspected cases are still low, we believe that the phenomenon may be much more widespread. We think that the poisoning may have a negative effect on the population of the Peregrine Falcon in Switzerland.
Restoration of the tree-nesting Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) population in the Volga-Ural Region
Authors: Pazhenkov Alexey , Karyakin Igor , Afanasyev Denis , Krivopalova Alexandra , Pazhenkova Elena
Published: February 2019

We have applied the method of a forming tree-nesting behavior pattern in the chicks of the cliff-nesting Peregrine Falcon. In June 2016 and 2017, in the Southern Ural Mountains and Bugulma-Belebey Upland, we discovered four nests of Peregrine Falcons, which were threatened by destruction due to various anthropogenic and biological factors. For preventing the death of the broods, the chicks were transferred from the occupied nesting niches in the rock cliffs to nesting platforms. On nesting platforms they spent from 3 to 12 days where they were fed by adults regularly. All four broods (9 young) flew out successfully and demonstrated typical behavior for the Peregrines of their age. Adults fed fledglings and taught them to hunt.
Theoretical principles of Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Cialla-May Dana , Schmitt Michael , Popp Jürgen
Published: February 2019

This contribution reports on the theoretical foundations of Raman spectroscopy. Since the discovery of the Raman effect in 1928, Raman spectroscopy with its linear and nonlinear variants has established itself as a powerful analytical tool in almost all scientific fields (chemistry, physics, material sciences, pharmacy, biology, (bio)medicine, geology, mineralogy, environmental sciences, etc.). First, a short introduction to linear Raman spectroscopy is given, followed by two approaches to increase the intrinsically weak Raman signal, namely resonance Raman and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. The last part of this contribution briefly introduces nonlinear Raman processes observed using pulsed lasers as excitation sources.
The limit G-Law for the solutions of systems of linear algebraic equations with independent random coefficients under the G-Lindeberg condition
Authors: Girko Vyacheslav L.
Published: February 2019

The limit G-Law for the solutions of the systems of linear algebraic equations with independent random coefficients is proven
under the G-Lindeberg condition.
The Additive Effects of Creatine Supplementation and Exercise Training in an Aging Population: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Stares Aaron , Bains Mona
Published: February 2019

Background and Purpose:

The role of creatine supplementation in young athletes and bodybuilders is well established including ergogenic properties of muscular hypertrophy, strength, power, and endurance. Whether the benefits of creatine supplementation translate to an aging population with moderate training stimulus remains unclear especially in regard to gender, creatine dose, and duration. This systematic review assessed whether creatine supplementation combined with exercise results in additive improvements in indices of skeletal muscle, bone, and mental health over exercise alone in healthy older adults.

Methods:

PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases were utilized to identify randomized controlled trials of creatine supplementation combined with exercise in an aging population with additional predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts, reviewed full-text articles, and performed quality assessments using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale.

Results and Discussion:

Seventeen studies were comprehensively reviewed according to categories of strength, endurance, functional capacity, body composition, cognition, and safety. These studies suggest that any additive ergogenic creatine effects on upper and/or lower body strength, functional capacity, and lean mass in an older population would require a continuous and daily low-dose creatine supplementation combined with at least 12 weeks of resistance training. Potential creatine specific increases in regional bone mineral density of the femur are possible but may require at least 1 year of creatine supplementation combined with moderate resistance training, and additional long-term clinical trials are warranted. The limited data suggested no additive effects of creatine over exercise alone on indices of mental health. The beneficial effects of creatine supplementation are more consistent in older women than in men.

Conclusions:

Creatine monohydrate is safe to use in older adults. While creatine in conjunction with moderate- to high-intensity exercise in an aging population may improve skeletal muscle health, additional studies are needed to determine the effective dosing and duration paradigm for potential combined creatine and exercise effects on bone and cognition in older adults.
La gestión de la cadena de valor en un entorno competitivo y cambiante
Authors: Martínez Arroyo Jaime Apolinar , Valenzo Jiménez Marco Alberto , Zamudio De La Cruz Angélica Guadalupe
Published: February 2019

Este artículo de investigación científica tiene el objetivo de medir las actitudes que muestran las empresas exportadoras de aguacate ubicadas en Uruapan, Michoacán, con respecto a las actividades diferenciadoras tales como: la gestión ambiental, la administración de las relaciones y la calidad. La competitividad en tiempos actuales surge como un concepto de vital importancia influenciada por la globalización, se buscan estrategias que se traduzcan en ventajas competitivas que permitan a las empresas obtener una buena posición en el mercado global. Este trabajo tiene un diseño descriptivo correlacional, las variables analizadas fueron a través del software SPSS. Los hallazgos principales muestran que los agentes económicos de la cadena de valor dan una mayor importancia a las relaciones con clientes y proveedores que a la calidad y gestión ambiental, actualmente muy importantes en el terreno de la competencia. En este trabajo se realizó una medición de indicadores, dimensiones y variables identificando con claridad el origen de la fuente de ventaja competitiva.
Guía “De regreso al trabajo”, necesidad empresarial para la adecuada implementación de los procesos de rehabilitación, reincorporación y reubicación laboral dentro del sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo
Authors: Jiménez Rodríguez Ericka Alexandra , Camberos Bustos Jeimy Angélica
Published: February 2019

La integración sociolaboral es considerada como el objetivo inmediato de la rehabilitación profesional y final de la rehabilitación integral. Su intervención está orientada a la recuperación y desarrollo de la capacidad de la persona que ha sufrido alguna disminución de su capacidad para ejercer una función o un cargo, o para desempeñar funciones productivas en diferentes contextos, con base a los estándares de calidad establecidos por el sector productivo. Los procesos de rehabilitación, reincorporación o reubicación laboral son pobremente conocidos por los empresarios y la información respecto a estos es escasa y poco estandarizada, lo que dificulta su éxito final. Por lo tanto, a través de esta investigación cualitativa, desarrollada mediante una revisión del estado del arte sobre el tema, se buscó construir un documento técnico-instruccional y pedagógico, denominado “De regreso al trabajo”, que permitirá a los encargados del sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo, jefes de talento humano, gerentes y demás personas involucradas en el proceso, aplicar de manera efectiva dichas estrategias para reducir las pérdidas de tiempo por incapacidad temporal y al trabajador retornar al entorno laboral de manera exitosa, manteniendo su papel como actor productivo de la sociedad.
Propuesta para fortalecer el sistema de gestión de la calidad organizacional en una entidad financiera del sector público colombiano
Authors: Callejas Acevedo Adriana
Published: February 2019

La mejora continua significa optimizar la efectividad y eficiencia para responder a las necesidades de los clientes asociados a productos y servicios, es un reto para toda organización. Las entidades públicas por norma deben cumplir con el sistema de gestión de la calidad (SGC) establecido en la norma NTCGP 1000:2009. Sin embargo, como en el caso de la entidad de estudio a partir de información histórica y de un instrumento de percepción, se evidenciaron deficiencias dada la ausencia de una metodología de mejora continua específica y a debilidades de la gestión con las personas respecto a la cultura de calidad, lo que ha provocado incumplimiento de requisitos y de principios de la norma y ha afectado la eficacia de algunos procesos, así como la satisfacción del ciudadano representado esto en entre 7.000 y 8.000 reclamaciones anuales y alrededor de 1.800 hallazgos en los últimos seis años con el agravante de no haber sido gestionados a tiempo o en algunos casos no haber cubierto adecuadamente el mejoramiento. Partiendo de lo anterior, este proyecto tuvo como objetivo diseñar una propuesta que conduzca realmente a la mejora de la eficacia de los procesos para entregar productos y servicios que cumplan las expectativas del cliente. La propuesta desarrollada cuenta con tres fases: diagnóstico del SGC, equipo gestor de mejora, diseño e implantación del proceso de mejora y un eje transversal gestión cultura de calidad. Cada fase se apoya en un conjunto de métodos y técnicas. Como resultado de su aplicación la organización debe mejorar la eficacia de sus actividades representada en mejores índices de satisfacción del cliente ciudadano.
Auditoría interna como herramienta pedagógica para las organizaciones
Authors: Velásquez Rueda María del Rosario
Published: February 2019

Partiendo de la visión compleja de las ciencias, pensamiento sistémico, los sistemas de gestión en la empresa y aprendizaje como proceso vital (biopedagogía), este artículo propone el uso de las auditorías como herramienta para fomentar el aprendizaje y generar conocimiento y mejora en la organización, teniendo en cuenta la relación auditor/auditado. Para ello, se realiza una comparación entre el paradigma positivista y la mirada compleja de la ciencia. Se revisa el concepto de sistema, identificando como característica central del mismo, las conexiones entre sus componentes y señala la importancia de dar prelación a esas relaciones para entender la organización. Identifica los requisitos normativos de los modelos de gestión asociados al conocimiento y los revisa en el marco de la biopedagogía y la complejidad. Finalmente, analiza el sentido de las auditorías y presenta propuestas que puedan contribuir a la evaluación del sistema desde las interacciones entre sus componentes y la generación de conocimientos, basados en un enfoque de cooperación y trabajo en equipo.
NOVEL ACTINOBACTERIAL DIVERSITY IN KAZAKHSTAN DESERTS SOILS AS A SOURCE OF NEW DRUG LEADS
Authors: Ziyat Arailym , Michael Goddfellow Professor , Nurgozhina Ayaulym , Sergazy Shynggys , Nurgaziev Madiyar
Published: February 2019

Discovering new metabolites, notably antibiotics, by isolation and screening novel actinomycetes from extreme habitats ¬gave extraordinary results that can be adapted in the future for healthcare. However, it was little attention payed to desert soils in Central Asia, such as from Kazakhstan.
Taxonomic approach was to isolate selectively, dereplicate and classify actinomycetes from two Kazakhstan Deserts (Betpakdala and Usturt Plateu). The most representative isolates from colour-groups were describe via 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis.
Relatively large number, of strains from environmental soil samples were classified into Streptomyces genera. Moreover, three strains from two different soil samples were identified as relatively close to Pseudonocarida genera. All representative isolates were screened for bioactive compound against wild type microorganisms, as a result, of it can be interpreted that approximately half of screened strains are likely to produce metabolites which inhibits cell growth.
The results of this project demonstrate for the first time that arid regions of Kazakhstan soils are rich reservoirs of cultivable novel actinobacteria with the capacity to produce bioactive compounds that can be developed as drug leads for medicine.
NEW APPROACH FOR FAST SCREENING OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA FOR VEGETABLE FERMENTATION
Authors: Garmasheva Inna , Vasyliuk Olga , Kovalenko Nadezhda , Oleschenko Ljubov
Published: February 2019

The main goal of this research was to select a Lactobacillus plantarum strains which could be used as starters for fermented vegetables production. A total of 109 L. plantarum strains were screened based on their ability to drop the pH value in pasteurized vegetable-based media (without and with NaCl) after 8 h incubation. The effect of NaCl on the level of acidification after 8 h incubation was more dependent not on its concentration but on the vegetable-based medium and L. plantarum strain. Four L. plantarum strains were selected and used for lab-scale fermentation of cabbage and cucumbers, this resulted in an accelerated acidification of the vegetables in comparison with the spontaneous fermentation. Strong positive correlations between the differences of initial pH value and the values reached after fermentation during 8 h (ΔpH) on vegetable-based media and vegetable fermentations, suggests that the screening process in vegetable-based media after 8 h incubation could be effective. Four L. plantarum strains, selected in this study, can be used as starters for fermented vegetables.
EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF LAMIACEAE PLANTS ON THE PENICILLIUM COMMUNE
Authors: Tančinová Dana , Medo Juraj , Mašková Zuzana , Foltinová Denisa , Árvay JÃºlius
Published: February 2019

The aim of this research was to determine the inhibitory effect of vapor phase of eight essential oils (EOs) on the growth of seven strains of Penicillium commune isolated from moldy milk products. Another objective was to determine the minimum inhibitory doses (in vitro and probit analyses) of EOs, which at concentration 625 μL.L-1 of air completely inhibited the growth of all strains. The antifungal activity was evaluated by the micro-atmosphere method. Thyme, red thyme, peppermint, mint, and savory completely inhibited the growth of strains during cultivation at 25 °C and 5 °C. Basil, rosemary, and sage EOs have different effects on the growth of P. commune strains. EOs that completely inhibit the growth of all strains were used to determine their minimum inhibitory doses (MIDs). The best results 62.5 μL.L-1 of air and 125 μL.L-1 of air 7th day at 25 °C of incubation showed red thyme EO. Similar results were also found in thyme EO, but the MID inhibiting the growth of the one strain was 250 μL.L-1 of air. MIDs of savory and peppermint were from 125 to 500 μL.L-1 of air. Mint EO had the highest MID (from 250 to 625 μL.L-1 of air). On the 14th day of incubation we found the same MIDs, respectively higher. It was found that EOs have different effects on individual strains of P. commune. According to probit analyses, the most effective tested EOs were red thyme and thyme, less effective peppermint and savory, and the least effective was mint EO.
Studies on rancidification of ground poppy-seed
Authors: Kosáry J. , Csalári J. , Siró I.
Published: February 2019

To estimate the quality deterioration caused by lipid peroxidation in stored ground poppy-seed samples, the kinetic behaviour of different biochemical parameters characteristic of lipid peroxidation was studied and compared with flavour deterioration. It was found that the probability of rapid deterioration of samples is low when the change in AC values (the ratio of the values at the time of measurement and at the beginning of investigation) for peroxide values is a linear function of storage time and when lipoxygenase activity is low. When the kinetics is immediately non-linear and high activity of lipoxygenases is detected, the possibility of rapid quality deterioration can be anticipated.
Genetic determination of maturation processes in climacteric fruits
Authors: Kállay T.
Published: February 2019

There are unexpected cases in apple or pear storage practice, i.e. external effects such as high or low temperatures, CO2 stress and intensive oxygen pull down may disturb normal ripening of fruits. Physiological consequences of these disturbances are expressed in certain cases only in incomplete ripening, while in irrevocable cases they are manifested as serious tissue damages such as non-parasitic storage disorders known as core flush, soft scald, and internal or external CO2 injuries.

It has been widely demonstrated in pome fruits that in a transient phase of maturity, during the pre-climacteric, ripening of pome fruits is preceded by changes in gene expression, detachment of new mRNA-s and the synthesis of compounds that are certainly essential for ripening processes. It is likely that this transient phase is closely related to changes on molecular level, and therefore, it may be considered as critical when external effects influence fruit life.
Development and validation of RRLC–UV method for determination of chlorogenic acid in green coffee
Authors: Velkoska-Markovska Lenche , Jankulovska Mirjana S. , Petanovska-Ilievska Biljana , Hristovski Kristijan
Published: February 2019

Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world. It contains many bioactive compounds, including chlorogenic acid which possesses various biological properties. In this study, in order to determine concentration of chlorogenic acid in green coffee, a reverse-phase rapid resolution liquid chromatography (RP-RRLC) method with diode-array detection (DAD) was developed. Successful separation was achieved on a Poroshell 120 EC-C18 (50 mm × 3 mm; 2.7 μm) column using acetonitrile–water with 1% phosphoric acid (10:90, v/v) as a mobile phase, at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and with UV detection at 325 nm. The identification was made with comparison of the retention time of pure analytical standard with the retention time of chlorogenic acid in the analyzed samples. The developed method was validated using the following parameters: linearity, sensitivity, selectivity, precision, and accuracy. Excellent linearity over the range 12.33–143.50 μg/mL was achieved with R2 values greater than 0.99. The intra-day precision was validated with the %RSD values, which confirmed that the method for determination of chlorogenic acid was repeatable. The mean recovery rate of the method ranged between 97.87% and 106.67% with %RSD values lower than 1%. The limit of detection and limit of quantification values under the used chromatographic conditions were 0.29 and 0.96 pg, respectively. This method was successfully employed for quantitative determination of chlorogenic acid in green coffee samples.
Editorial (Inglês)
Authors: Nunes Nancy Alfieri
Published: February 2019

Editorial
Avaliação dos diferentes protocolos de tratamento da Disfunção Temporomandibular miogênica: Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Rodrigues Iara Roberta Alves , Cabral Luana Cardoso , Lima Lívia Bonjardim , Simamoto Júnior Paulo Cézar , Fernandes Neto Alfredo Júlio , Ribeiro da Silva Marlete
Published: February 2019

Introdução: A síndrome dolorosa miofascial (SDMf) é definida como disfunção neuromuscular caracterizada pela presença de contratura muscular e sintomotologia. Devido ao carácter multifatorial, vários tratamentos, isolados ou concomitantes, são indicados para essa disfunção. Apesar de diversos estudos disponíveis na literatura sobre essas modalidades de terapia, esses são pouco conclusivos. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura apresentando os diferentes tipos de tratamentos empregados para SDMf.  Materiais e Métodos: A estratégia de busca foi realizada na base de dados do Pubmed, Scielo e Cochrane por meio dos seguintes descritores: Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, Myofascial Pain Syndromes, treatment, Randomized Controlled Trial. A avaliação dos estudos foi realizada em duas etapas por revisores independentes. Na primeira etapa, os títulos e resumos foram investigados e aqueles que apresentassem os critérios de elegibilidade eram selecionados. Na segunda etapa, os artigos foram lidos na íntegra e posteriormente incluídos conforme o consenso dos dois revisores baseando-se nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Resultados: 100 citações foram identificadas e 43 lidas na íntegra. 8 artigos reuniram os critérios de elegibilidade. Diversos tratamentos foram abordados como orientações ao paciente, tratamento fisioterapêutico, odontológico e terapia medicamentosa. Conclusão: As terapias como as orientações, treinamento com relaxamento muscular, exercícios da mandíbula, manipulação facial, terapia com placa oclusal, toxina botulínica, acupuntura  são eficazes no controle da dor miofascial.
Estudo da manifestação incomum da actinomicose em região periapical
Authors: Arantes Eugênio Braz Rodrigues , Lopes Taiane Dos Santos , Valentim Bárbara Barreto Pacheco , De Almeida Vitor Figueiredo Ferrer , Resende Rodrigo Figueiredo de Brito
Published: February 2019

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão da literatura descrevendo as características clínicas, radiográficas e as formas de tratamento das manifestações periapicais da infecção por actinomicose. Métodos: Foram selecionados artigos em português, inglês e espanhol, de 1977 até 2015, nos bancos de dados dos Periódicos CAPES, PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO e BVS. Resultados: Foram obtidos 17 artigos no total sendo selecionados 11 após critérios de inclusão e exclusão devido as variantes clínicas, radiográficas, histórico de trauma e forma de tratamento utilizada. Conclusão: A manifestação periapical da actinomicose tem sido frequentemente identificada e o uso dos exames de imagem, culturas bacterianas e biópsias cirúrgicas se tornam de vital importância para a realização de um adequado diagnóstico das colônias de actinomicetos.
A importância dos localizadores apicais para o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico.
Authors: Fernandes Ribeiro Ana Paula
Published: February 2019

Determinar o comprimento apropriado de trabalho é um dos passos fundamentais para se obter o sucesso no tratamento endodôntico. Para isso, é necessário localizar adequadamente o forame apical. Devido a variáveis anatômicas, nem sempre esse forame coincide com o ápice anatômico, podendo, em alguns casos, localizar-se lateralmente.¹ Alguns profissionais lançam mão do método radiográfico para obter a mensuração do canal, entretanto, utilizar apenas essa técnica não garante exatidão na definição do comprimento ideal de trabalho, pois o exame radiográfico é ancorado em uma imagem bidimensional de um objeto em três dimensões. Os localizadores apicais, então, surgiram para garantir uma melhor precisão da técnica.
Syneidesis, para além da fragmentação do espírito: uma introdução à teoria do abrangente e do pensar em imagens
Authors: Silva Manuel Moreira da
Published: February 2019

Resumo: Este artigo discute a emergência da syneidesis (como consciência ativa concreta) e do pensar em imagens, na atualidade, em contraposição às discussões contemporâneas em torno da consciência e do pensamento como representações abstratas. A hipótese de trabalho assumida é de que a syneidesis - como consciência sociocultural ou ético-política, à qual os medievais designaram conscientia consequens (consciência retrospectiva ou consequente) - é histórica e ontologicamente anterior à consciência teórica individual, em suas múltiplas formas, e à consciência prática individual, daquela derivada. Essas duas são formas da que também se nomearia conscientia antecedens (consciência antecedente), típicas do pensamento da representação. Nessa perspectiva, de início, o artigo apresenta as linhas gerais da syneidesis e, ato contínuo, o pensar em imagens como seu elemento próprio.
Misrepresentation and mental appearance
Authors: Rosenthal David
Published: February 2019

Abstract I begin by discussing an objection often lodged against higher-order theories of consciousness. The objection is that those theories do not preclude consciousness from misrepresenting the mental properties of our conscious states. I argue that there are several reasons why this objection cannot succeed. Sam Coleman (2018) agrees that the objection fails, but sees it as pointing to a related objection, which he argues poses difficulties the higher-order theorist cannot avoid. His solution is a variant theory of consciousness that invokes mental quotation in the content of a higher-order awareness. I’ll argue that mental quotation cannot be understood in any way that helps with the objection. I’ll argue also that the objection Coleman articulates is question begging, since it in effect simply channels a first-order approach to consciousness, and has no independent basis apart from that.
The extended dual-aspect monism framework: an attempt to solve the hard problem
Authors: Vimal Ram Lakhan Pandey
Published: February 2019

Abstract: In prior work, we reported the followings: (i) There are about forty meanings attributed to the term consciousness. They were identified and categorized according to whether they were principally about function or about experience. (ii) The frameworks for consciousness that are based on materialism, idealism, and dualism have serious problems. Therefore, an extended dual-aspect monism (eDAM) framework was proposed for consciousness, where (a) the problematic materialism/panpsychism based integrated information theory (IIT) was interpreted and (b) the inseparability between physical and non-physical aspect holds because none of the empirical fMRI/EEG data shows separability between aspects. This has the least number of problems compared to all other frameworks. It required a novel feature that the potentiality of primary irreducible subjective experiences co-exists with its physical aspect in nature. This missing information in science is provided by the eDAM, which addresses the hard problem of consciousness successfully, which is elaborated in detail in this article.
Projecting the trees but ignoring the forest: brief critique of Alfredo Pereira Jr.’s target paper
Authors: Nixon Gregory Michael
Published: February 2019

Abstract: Pereira’s “The projective theory of consciousness” is an experimental statement, drawing on many diverse sources, exploring how consciousness might be produced by a projective mechanism that results both in private selves and an experienced world. Unfortunately, pulling together so many unrelated sources and methods means none gets full attention. Furthermore, it seems to me that the uncomfortable breadth of this paper unnecessarily complicates his project; in fact it may hide what it seeks to reveal. If this conglomeration of diverse sources and methods were compared to trees, the reader may feel like the explorer who cannot see the forest for the trees. Then again, it may be the author who is so preoccupied with foreground figures that the everpresent background is ultimately obscured.
Propagation of bichromatic-bidirectional waves
Authors: Silva Mario Grüne de Souza e , Rosman Paulo Cesar Colonna , Neves Claudio Freitas
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT This study aims to investigate the transformations experienced by the mean water level and radiation stress tensor during the propagation of Bichromatic-Bidirectional (Bi-Bi) waves on a slope of 1:22 and water depth varying from 55 cm to 26 cm, simulating laboratory conditions. A computer program written in Python was used to compute those quantities at different combinations of wave angles and periods. The setup and setdown of the mean water level are strongly dependent on the combination of periods and direction of the primary waves, as they propagate along the slope, modifying the bound infragravity wave. Mohr’s circles for the radiation stress tensor showed significant changes of diameter and center at different points along the basin. The radiation stress components for the Bi-Bi waves are the sum of the stresses associated with each primary wave and a nonlinear term which results from the interference between primary waves. Disregarding these nonlinear terms may significantly affect the nearshore hydrodynamics prediction.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES IN ELDERLY AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH LENGTH OF STAY IN THE HEPATOLOGY AND GASTROENTEROLOGY UNIT OF THE CAMPUS TEACHING HOSPITAL OF LOME (TOGO)
Authors: LAWSON-ANANISSOH Laté Mawuli , BOUGLOUGA Oumboma , BAGNY Aklesso , EL-HADJI YAKOUBOU Rafiou , KAAGA Laconi , REDAH Datouda
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The digestive pathologies are frequent in the elderly and often have a latent and atypical symptomatology. OBJECTIVE: To assess the epidemiological and evolutionary current data on digestive diseases in the elderly, and look for factors associated with length of hospital stay. METHODS: Retrospective study of 10 years, including patients aged 60 and over hospitalized for digestive diseases in the Gastroenterology Department of the Campus Teaching Hospital of Lome, Togo. RESULTS: Of 5933 hospitalized patients, there were 1054 patients (17.8%) aged 60 years and over with a digestive pathology (526 men and 528 women). The average age was 69.5 years ±7.9 ranging from 60 to 105 years. The average length of hospital stay was 7.45 days ±6.2 ranging from 1 to 44 days. HIV prevalence was 2.4%. In order of decreasing frequency, there were hepatobiliary pathologies (54.3%) with a predominance of cirrhosis and liver cancer, eso-gastroduodenal pathologies (23.1%) with predominance of ulcers, gastric cancer and esophageal cancer, intestinal pathologies (8.7%) with a predominance of food poisoning, pancreatic pathologies (4.2%) with a predominance of pancreatic cancer and peritoneal pathologies (1.4%). Gastric cancer was the second digestive cancer found after liver cancer. Pancreatic head cancer was the second disease after gastric cancer which need a transfer in a surgical ward (P=0.031). There were 204 deaths (19.4%). The longest duration of hospitalization was due to gastric cancer (9.16 days). CONCLUSION: Hepatobiliary diseases were the most frequent and associated with a high death rate and a long hospital stay.
GASTRIC FUNDIC GLAND POLYPS: CAN HISTOLOGY BE USEFUL TO PREDICT PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS USE?
Authors: BRITO Hugo Leite de Farias , BARROS Cynthia , FREIRE Marcelle Vieira , SILVA FILHO Miraldo Nascimento da , NASCIMENTO Tereza Virgínia
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Fundic gland polyps allegedly increased in frequency in recent decades, and had attracted great attention due to possible association with prolonged proton pump inhibitor therapy. Prolonged use of this drug could cause parietal cell hyperplasia, obstruction of glandular lumen and cystic dilation of the gland. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze clinical and pathological features of fundic gland polyps in patients with and without proton pump inhibitor therapy in a selected population from Brazil. METHODS: It was selected a sample of 101 Brazilian patients (78 females and 23 males), from a five years retrospective search of the files from a private pathology laboratory. The patients had an average age of 57 years and we included patients with a histological diagnosis of fundic gland polyp. The clinical data were obtained from their files and all histological slides were reviewed and examined with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Giemsa. RESULTS: Information about the use or non-use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) was obtained in 84 patient files. In 17 cases we could not determine if PPI were used or not. Among those in which the information was available, a positive history of anti-acid therapy was observed in 63 (75.0%) patients. Parietal cell hypertrophy/hyperplasia and parietal cell protrusions were detected in most slides. Histological findings were identical in PPI users and PPI negative patients. Helicobacter pylori infection was detected in just two samples. Epithelial dysplasia or adenocarcinoma were not observed in our cases. Histopathological analysis of fundic gland polyps could not distinguish between PPI and non-PPI related cases. Parietal cell cytoplasmic protrusions, an alleged marker of prolonged acid suppression therapy, was detected in both groups. CONCLUSION: Histological features could not discriminate anti-acid therapy related fundic glands polyps in our patients.
SERUM CYTOKINE OF IL-2, IL-10 AND IL-12 LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH STOMACH ADENOCARCINOMA
Authors: SHOKRZADEH Mohammad , MOHAMMADPOUR Abbas , HOSEINI Vahid , ABEDIANKENARI Saied , GHASSEMI-BARGHI Nasrin , TABARI Yahya Saleh
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Gastric adenocarcinoma is the fourth most common cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the immunological status of patients with gastric cancer before surgery and circulating cytokines as potential diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer. METHODS: We included 90 healthy controls and 95 patients with distal Gastric adenocarcinoma in Mazandaran, Sari, Iran. We measured serum IL-2, IL-10 and IL-12 Levels by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the IBL international GMBH kit. RESULTS: The serum IL-10 levels in the patients with Gastric adenocarcinoma were significantly higher than those of the healthy controls (P=0.02). There were no significant differences in serum IL-2 and IL-12 levels between patients with gastric cancer and healthy controls. CONCLUSION: Increased levels of IL-10 might be useful as diagnostic biomarkers for Gastric adenocarcinoma; however, this needs to be confirmed with larger number of patients and with control groups other than blood donors, properly age paired. These results suggest that positive expression of IL-10 may be useful as a molecular marker to distinguish stage of gastric cancers which can be more readily controlled.
MALNUTRITION AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN SURGICAL PATIENTS WITH COLORECTAL DISEASE
Authors: NISHIYAMA Victor Keniti Gomes , ALBERTINI Silvia Maria , MORAES Carla Maria Zordan Geraldo de , GODOY Moacir Fernandes de , NETINHO João Gomes
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is a frequent condition among hospitalized patients and a factor of increased risk of postoperative complication. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of malnutrition on phase angle (PA), body water distribution and clinical outcomes in surgical patients with colorectal disease. METHODS: This retrospective study was performed in a tertiary hospital with 40 patients admitted electively. In the preoperative evaluation, global subjective assessment and bioelectrical impedance analysis were performed to determine nutritional status, PA, extracellular water (ECW), intracellular water (ICW) and total body water (TBW). In postoperative evaluation, the length of hospital stay and severe complications, according to Clavien-Dindo classification, were determined. The optimal PA cutoff for malnutrition screening was determined by ROC curve analysis. RESULTS: Seventeen (42.5%) patients were diagnosed as malnourished and 23 (57.5%) as well-nourished according to global subjective assessment. Twelve (30.0%) patients developed severe complications. The malnourished group presented lower values of serum albumin (P=0.012), hematocrit (P=0.026) and PA (P=0.002); meanwhile, ECW/ICW (P=0.019) and ECW/TBW (P=0.047) were higher. Furthermore, 58.8% of malnourished patients developed severe postoperative complications compared to 8.7% of well-nourished. Malnutrition was independent predictor of severe postoperative complications (OR=15.00, IC: 2.63-85.68, P=0.002). The optimal PA cutoff obtained was 6.0º (AUC=0.82, P=0.001), yielding sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 76.5%, 87.0%, 81.3% and 83.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Malnutrition was an independent predictive factor for severe complications in patients underwent to elective major coloproctological surgery. Besides that, malnutrition was associated with lower PA values and greater ratio of ECW. The PA provided great accuracy in nutritional screening, implying a useful marker of malnutrition.