bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comércio exterior e crescimento econômico: uma análise da economia brasileira
Authors: Rezende Luiz Paulo Fontes de , Costa Luciana Maria da , Fialho Tânia Marta Maia , Albuquerque Diogo Daniel Bandeira de
Published: March 2019

Na literatura econômica há um consenso entre as diversas teorias de que a participação das categorias de produtos no comércio internacional é o reflexo da estrutura produtiva de uma determinada economia. No entanto, as observações empíricas têm demonstrado a ausência de resultados conclusivos sobre esta relação entre estrutura produtiva e comércio internacional. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar empiricamente a relação entre o comércio exterior e o crescimento da economia brasileira no período de 2000 a 2017. A metodologia consiste em modelos de séries temporais – Vetor Autorregressivo (VAR) e de Correção de Erros (VECM) – para verificar a resposta do saldo da balança comercial e do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) aos choques nestas mesmas variáveis. O resultado indica que o PIB responde mais que proporcionalmente aos choques dos bens semifaturados do que dos demais produtos no curto prazo, e, no longo prazo, os impactos dos bens de capital tornam-se significativos.
Toward Creating a New Research Tool: Operationally Defining Cyberterrorism
Authors: Murray Gregg R. , Albert Craig Douglas , Davies Kim , Griffith Candace , Heslen John , Hunter Lance Y. , Jilani-Hyler Nadia , Ratan Sudha
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this essay is to present a theoretically informed and operationally useful definition of cyberterrorism to advance research in the fields of terrorism and cyberscience as well as to inform policy makers. The operationalization distinguishes terrorist events that are distinctly and fundamentally cyber in nature from those that are not. It frames cyberterrorism as a form of aggression and distinguishes it from other forms of cyber aggression: cyberwar, cyber espionage, cybercrime, and cyber mischief. The essay includes illustrative cases to identify key features of cyberterrorist events relative to other cyber and non-cyber aggression and concludes with a clear process to classify cyber aggression as cyberterrorism or not.
PENGELOLAAN PEMBIAYAAN PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Riski Aulia
Published: March 2019

Dalam (Undang-undang tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional No. 20, tahun 2003) dijelaskan bahwa dana pendidikan adalah seluruh pengeluaran yang berupa sumber daya (input) baik berupa barang maupun berupa uang yang ditujukan untuk menunjang kegiatan proses belajar mengajar. Pengelolaan dana pendidikan adalah proses perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi pengalokasian biaya untuk program dan kegiatan pendidikan karakter yang tertuang dalam Rencana Kerja Sekolah (RKS) dan Rencana Kegiatan Anggaran Sekolah (RKAS). Menurut sumbernya biaya pendidikan dapat digolongkan menjadi 4 jenis yaitu: a) biaya pendidikan dari pemerintah, b) biaya pendidikan dari masyarakat orang tua/wali kelas, c) biaya pendidikan dari masyarakat bukan orang tua/wali siswa missal sponsor dari lembaga keuangan dan perusahaan, 4) lembaga pendidikan itu sendiri.
SUPERVISI AKADEMIK KEPALA SEKOLAH
Authors: Riski Aulia
Published: March 2019

Untuk melaksanakan supervisi akademik secara efektif diperlukan keterampilan konseptual, interpersonal dan teknik (Glickman, C.D., Gordon, S.P., and RossGordon, 2007) .Oleh sebab itu, setiap Kepala Satuan Pendidikan harus memiliki dan menguasai konsep supervisi akademik yang meliputi: pengertian, tujuan dan fungsi, prinsip-prinsip, dan dimensi-dimensi substansi supervisi akademik. Kompetensi supervisi akademik intinya adalah membina dosen atau instruktur dalam meningkatkan mutu proses pembelajaran. Oleh sebab itu sasaran supervisi akademik adalah dosen atau instruktur dalam proses pembelajaran, yang terdiri dar materi pokok dalam proses pembelajaran, penyusunan silabus dan RPP, pemilihan strategi/metode/teknik pembelajaran, penggunaan media dan teknologi informasi dalam pembelajaran, menilai proses dan hasil pembelajaran serta penelitian tindakan kelas. Oleh karena itu, tujuan umum pengembangan BBM ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kompetensi supervisi akademik yang meliputi (1) perencanaan program supervisi akademik, (2) pelaksanaan program supervisi akademik dan (3) menindaklanjuti program supervisi akademik.
RANCANG BANGUN TRAINER ELEKTRONIKA DAYA: CONTROLLED AND UNCONTROLLED RECTIFIERS
Authors: Yanto Doni Tri Putra , HIdayat Rahmat , Hamdani
Published: March 2019

This study discusses about the design process of Power Electronics Trainer as Learning Media or practicum equipment in the Power Electronics Practicum learning process, the unavailability of Practical Tool Practicum and Media that can help the implementation of the Power Electronics Learning Process into the background of this research. The research Stage of the Trainer Designation begins with the Design Stage, Product Production Stage, and Laboratory Feasibility Test Stage. This research produces a product in the form of a Power Electronic Trainer specifically for controlled and uncontrolled rectifiers that can be applied in the Power Electronics Practicum learning process. This trainer is made to be able to accommodate all learning materials about 1 phase and 3 phase rectifiers and the use of passive filters such as capacitors and inductors. The Power Electronics Trainer is expected to optimize the implementation of the Power Electronics Practicum Learning Process. Especially can help students in understanding theories about Power Electronics.
The capacity of short term memory from an evolutionary perspective
Authors: Manoochehri Majid
Published: March 2019

Memory span in humans has been intensely studied for more than a century. In spite of the critical role of memory span in our cognitive system, which intensifies the importance of fundamental determinants of its evolution, few studies have investigated it by taking an evolutionary approach. Overall, we know hardly anything about the evolution of memory components. In the present study, I briefly review the experimental studies of memory span in humans and non-human animals and shortly discuss some of the relevant evolutionary hypotheses.
Effect of Premicturitional Bladder Volume on the Accuracy of Sonographic Assessment of Post Void Residual Urine Volume Measurement by Transabdominal Ultrasonography
Authors: Pathak Roshani , Pradhan Sunil , Tuladhar Abhushan , Shrestha Amit , Acharya Riwaz
Published: March 2019

Introduction: The Post Void Residual Urine volume (PVRU) is frequently significant in patients with bladder outflow obstruction; especially in patients with enlarged prostate and prostatism. The PVRU forms an important part of radiological investigation. Accurate measurement of the residual urine volume changes observed serially over a period of time may indicate clinical progress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-void bladder volume on PVRU measurements.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted to determine the accuracy of PVRU measurement in patient presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). 50 patients with LUTS were assessed ultrasonographically for pre void and post void bladder volumes during the study period of March 2017 till August 2017. PVRU measurements done in patients with bladder filling sensation at moderate to full capacity resulted in high estimations of PVRU which was quite significant in this study.

Results: There was significant difference in the estimated PVRU between patients having high initial premicturitional volume (546±144 ml) than those with lower or moderate filling volume (261±58 ml) with mean of 173 ml and 35 ml respectively. The difference in estimated PVRU was highly significant with p value of < 0.0001.

Conclusions: Measurement of pre void urinary bladder volume with an uncomfortably full bladder results in high post micturitional (PMRU) values even in most patients without lower urinary tract symptoms which may be false-positive. We advise that initial or pre-void urine volume be measured when the patient has initial or moderate feeling of bladder fullness.
Biofilm Formation by Uropathogens and Their Susceptibility Towards Antimicrobial Therapy
Authors: Bhatta Mahesh Prakash , Sapkota Asmita , Subedi Pushpa , Chhetri Sunita Baniya , Pant Dhaka Raj , Joshi Mukund , Pandit Santosh , Pandeya Dipendra Raj
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common health care associated infection caused by various pathogenic bacteria. Biofilms are communities of bacteria that are held together by exopolymeric substances that protect against the antimicrobial therapy and other environmental assaults. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of biofilm forming bacteria in Nepalese population and to study the emergence of antimicrobial resistance among biofilm producing bacteria in comparison to non-biofilm producing bacteria.

Methods: A total of 785 clean-caught-mid-stream urine samples were collected. After isolation and identification of uropathogens, they were further processed for detection of biofilm formation by two methods (Congo Red Agar method and Tissue Culture Plate method) as well as for antibiotic sensitivity test.

Results: Out of total collected samples, 12.74% were found to be associated with UTI, among them 67% were Escherichia coli, 10% were Klebsiella spp, 7% were Pseudomonas spp, 6% were Staphyloccous aureus, 4% were Enterobacter spp, 3% were Proteus spp, 2% were Citrobacter spp and remaining 1% was Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Among isolated organisms, the ratio of bioflim positive organism to bioflim negative organism was found to be 9:11. Nitrofurantoin, Tobramycin, Chloramphenicol, Amikacin and Imipenem were found to be significantly more sensitive in biofilm negative bacteria as compared to biofilm positive bacteria with p values of 0.000, 0.001, 0.000, 0.000 and 0.001.

Conclusions: The prevalence rate of multidrug resistance in bacterial uropathogens was higher in biofilm producers as compared to non-biofilm producers. Biofilm forming characteristic of bacteria make them more resistant to antibiotics.
Comparison of Propofol Vs Thiopentone in Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Kunwar Bhuwan Raj , Rijal Thaneshowr , Thapa Puja , Rayamajhi Mallika , Amatya Biswo Ram
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) is one of the commonest causes of significant morbidity in the patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of PONV when propofol and thiopentone were used as induction agents during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods: A prospective, randomised comparative study was conducted in operation theatre at a tertiary level referral hospital of Nepal. A sample size of 100 ASA I - II patients aged between 18 and 70 years were included and scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The study population were divided into two groups: Group A (Propofol), n = 50 and Group B (Thiopentone), n = 50. These patients were followed up for the first 24 hours postoperatively for any PONV at 0-6 hrs, 6-12 hrs, 12-24 hrs.

Results: Out of the 100 patients, PONV was observed almost similar in both groups. i.e. group A (Propofol) n = 31, (62%) and group B (Thiopentone) n = 26 (52%) with no statistical significance (p value = 0.1998) within the first 24 hours postoperatively in both groups; and no significant difference was observed at the different time intervals viz. at 0-6 hrs (p value 0.262): Group A = 45%; Group B = 40%; 6-12 hrs (p value 0.781): Group A = 17.5%, Group B = 22.5%; 12-24 hrs (p value 1.000) Group A = 0%; Group B = 2.5% when using the Fisher exact test. The mean ages for development of PONV in these two groups were: Group A = 40 years and Group B = 38 years. The p-value was 0.5125 which showed no statistical significance. In our study 76% (n = 38) were females and 24% (n = 12) were males in Group A; while 70% (n = 35) were females and 30% (n = 15) males in Group B. However, there was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of PONV.

Conclusions: The study showed that there was a high incidence of PONV during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of PONV when propofol or thiopentone was used.
Editorial Vol.16(1)
Authors: Nichha R.P.
Published: March 2019

No abstract available.
A Measure of Transmission of Tuberculosis Infection among Children in Household Contact
Authors: Sharma K.R. , Bhatta N.K. , Niraula S.R. , Gurung R. , Pokharel P.K.
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is transmitted through droplets from patients having pulmonary TB, Young children living in the same household are at higher risk Tuberculosis, with great potential to benefit from screening and preventive treatment. This study was conducted with the objectives to estimate the prevalence of TB infection among under five years old children in household contact with pulmonary tuberculosis patients, and assess the factors associated with transmission of TB.

Methods: Pulmonary TB patients receiving treatment from the DOTS Centres in Sunsari District (Index Case-IC) were visited in their household to identify and assess contacts below five years of age. Transverse induration greater than10 mm was defined as a positive Mantoux test suggestive of tubercular infection.

Results: Among 190 household contacts, Mantoux was positive in 13.7% (95%CI: 11.2-16.2). Higher sputum bacillary load (adjusted OR=3.03; 95% CI 1.01-9.1) and spitting habits of Index Cases (aOR=3.1; 95% CI 1.2-7.7), first-degree relationship (aOR=3.5; 95%CI 1.4-8.7) and longer duration of contact (aOR- 6.7; 95% CI 1.4-32.2), were factors significantly associated with positive Mantoux test in the under-five years old household contact.

Conclusion: The prevalence of tuberculosis infection among under-five children in contact with pulmonary tuberculosis patients was 13.7%, which is nearly double than the results of first national tuberculin survey (7%), conducted by National Tuberculosis Centre. This highlights the need for a competent & functioning contact tracing mechanism to halt the chain of transmission of infection. Social and behavioral factors existing in the household were significantly associated with the transmission of Tuberculosis infection.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Pelayanan Jasa Bubut Berbasis Web Pada CV. Sukses Abadi Jaya Tangerang
Authors: Febrianto Ari , Handayani Popon
Published: March 2019

The development of the world's auto industry that is very significant, promoted demand for spare parts and fitting services. In improving the performance of a company can take advantage of science and information technology. To date CV. The lasting success of this Triumphant doing marketing and promotion with the conventional way i.e. waiting for buyers or service users come in and out of the mouth to the mouth, it needs a breakthrough promotions and delivery information more effectively and efficiently. In the system of bookkeeping results in sales of products and services still use the system manually, that is only written in the great book. In this case the company workshop lathe takes innovation to change the bookkeeping systems still using manual systems into a computerized system for fast and accurate results. Based on the foregoing, required a data processing information system design and means of promotion in the workshop, then writers interested in creating a system of web-based services lathe using the programming language PHP and MySQL with the waterfall method for CV. Successful Perennial Jaya so that later the party workshop will be able to easily do the promotion and inputting data
A Rebel by Any Other Name: The Onomastics of Disney’s Star Wars Rebels
Authors: Allen Spencer L.
Published: March 2019

Set five years before Episode IV: A New Hope, Star Wars Rebels (2014–18) is an animated series focused on a band of smugglers who join the Rebel Alliance. In keeping with Lucas’s Star Wars universe, Star Wars Rebels’s two Jedi characters have biblical names: Jedi Kanan Jarrus (also known as Caleb Dume) and his Padawan, Ezra Bridger. Additionally, other main characters include myth-named aliens Hera and Janus and Roman-named humans with Imperial links, such as Rex, Sabine, Tiber, Titus, and Konstantine. This article explores the meanings of these names for their characters and their implications in the larger struggle between the Rebel Alliance and the Galactic Empire.
Mythologizing Mortis: The Clone Wars as Dialogic Spirituality
Authors: Sweet Derek
Published: March 2019

This article explores the Mortis trilogy, a three-episode story arc from the third season of Star Wars: The Clone Wars, as the rhetorical articulation of a spiritual text. As more than one Star Wars scholar has pointed out, some fans draw on the spiritual ideologies scattered throughout the popular franchise and position themselves as real-life followers of a Jedi code. With this in mind, I suggest that the Mortis story arc offers a lucid account of the Force as related to spiritual practice. As Scott Stroud points out in his work examining the intersection of popular culture, rhetoric, and religion, spiritual texts serve two primary functions: (1) to explain the divine nature of the world and (2) to offer the means to achieve spiritual awareness. I contend that the Mortis trilogy fulfills both of these functions. To make my argument concerning The Clone Wars story arc explicit, I explore the relationship between Star Wars and spiritual practice, emphasize the rhetorical nature of such a relationship, and illustrate how the Mortis trilogy offers a coherent spirituality lacking in the other texts of the Star Wars universe.
Balance through Struggle: Understanding the Novel Cosmology of the Force in The Last Jedi
Authors: MacMullan Terrance
Published: March 2019

This article examines the cosmology of the Force presented in the film Episode VIII: The Last Jedi in the context of how depictions of the Force have shifted since the release of Episode VII: The Force Awakens, and it offers a charitable interpretation the film’s depiction of the Force. Tales from the Star Wars universe have described the relationship between the light and dark sides of the Force in two different, often incompatible, ways. Sometimes they have described a cosmotic relationship between good and evil where the light and dark sides of the Force are in conflict and strive to eliminate each other. This cosmotic view of the Force aligns with the cosmologies of religious traditions like Zoroastrianism and the Abrahamic traditions that eschew any notion of normative balance between good and evil. Other times, their relationship has appeared more in line with acosmotic cosmologies like Daoism that depict good and evil as necessary features of a larger whole that inevitably balance one another. Many fans hoped that The Last Jedi would continue the recent emphasis on an acosmotic view of the Force that started with The Force Awakens and was further emphasized in Star Wars Rebels by showing lead characters such as Rey and even Kylo Ren becoming Gray Jedi, Force users who rejected the cosmotic views of the Sith and Jedi by balancing the Force within themselves. Fans who hoped for the first canonical, filmic depiction of the Gray Jedi felt betrayed when the film appeared to default to a cosmotic view of the Force with the final fight between Rey and Kylo Ren. This article argues that the film, in fact, offers an acosmotic view of the Force commensurate with the Aztec idea of teotl, which describes reality as a dynamic process that balances itself through the conflict of matched opposites.
Pembelajaran Saintifik Berbasis Pengembangan Karakter
Authors: Nur Hakim Muhammad , Rahayu Fitriyani Dwi
Published: March 2019

Education in Indonesia is currently supposed to be able to create a quality human being and character. Many people who have a broad knowledge but do not have good morals, giving rise to various problems related to morals.
The formation of character students can begin from family, school and community. In developed countries the formation of character can start by applying an appropriate curriculum. By using scientific learning, curriculum 2013 is expected to form the character of students in accordance with the 18 characters that are desired by the Government, that is: religious, honest, tolerance, discipline, hard work, creative, independent, democratic, curiosity, passion, love of the fatherland, to appreciate the achievements, communicative, peace-loving, an avid reader, care for the environment, social care, and responsibility. The character values that are integrated in the scientific learning through observing activities, ask yourself, try, analyze, and communication. With a scientific approach in the curriculum of 2013, educators are able to make learning more fun, more active, more challenging, and more to give space to the students to develop their creativity and potential, and make students become more self help in addressing a problem.
Keywords: 2013 Curriculum, Scientific Learning, Character Education
Watak Asbab An-Nuzul Dalam Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Alifah Fitriani Nur
Published: March 2019

Asbab An-Nuzul is a science to know the existence of causes and events concerning the background of a verse or several verses revealed by Allah, namely the verse of the Qur'an in the form of Allah's words. The Qur'an was revealed through the intermediary of the angel Gabriel revealed to the Prophet Muhammad. Asbab an-Nuzul aims to explain the wisdom of the provisions of the law and to specialize laws that are general in nature. al-Qur'an is a special foundation or a reference for Islamic community guidelines, by understanding the meaning of Asbab An-Nuzul, the community will be more able to add insight and understanding of the history of the Qur'an, besides that the community will better understand the origin of the verses revealed, in this case someone who understands the character of Asbab An-Nuzul someone will know how to apply and realize in everyday life and imitate him. Islamic education also examines the issue of Asbab an-Nuzul, because in understanding the verses of the Qur'an there are things that can be understood directly and some need explanations, therefore before understanding about Islamic education it is necessary to learn about the character or character of Asbab-an Nuzul first.
Internalisasi Nilai Multikulutural Dalam Mengembangkan Sikap Toleransi ( Studi Di Di Pesantren Mahasiswa Universitas Islam Malang)
Authors: Ma`arif Muhammad Anas
Published: March 2019

Mahasiswa merupakan darah muda yang mempunyai semangat yang tinggi dalam menemukan jati dirinya. Termasuk dalam bertindak, mahasiswa selalu merasa dirinya paling benar apalagi mereka lebih mengunggulkan golongan tertentu dan sikap inklusivisme. Bahkan ketika seorang mahasiswa idealis dan fanatik sempit dimungkinkan akan muncul sikap intoleran terhadap mahasiswa lain yang tidak sama denganya.
Analisis Filosufis Pemikiran Ibnu Miskawaih (Sketsa Biografi, Konsep Pemikiran Pendidikan, Dan Relevansinya Di Era Modern)
Authors: Hidayat Ahmad Wahyu , Kesuma Ulfa
Published: March 2019

This study aims to determine the philosophical analysis of Ibn Miskawaih thoughts (biographical sketches, concepts of educational thought, and their relevance in the modern era). Education is an effort made by someone to make a change towards a better one. In Indonesia education is more interpreted as a formal institution that has the aim to develop the academic potential of students in order to realize educational goals. One of the leaders of Islamic education, Ibn Miskawaih. Ibn Miskawaih is one of the leaders of Islamic education who contributed ideas to education. The focus of this study on the philosophical analysis of Ibn Miskawaih's thoughts (biographical sketches, concepts of educational thought, and their relevance to modern diera). This study uses the method of literature and analytical studies to build a theoretical framework in this article. In conclusion, Ibn Maskawaih considered the significance of education and the environment for humans in relation to moral formation. Thus human beings with their minds can choose and distinguish which ones should be done and which ones should be left behind. Ibn Maskawaih's thinking in education cannot be separated from his concept of man and morals. Ibn Maskawaih views human beings as having three powers, from those three types of power which are two from the material element and one from the spirit of God.
Tafsir Moral Dalam Kidung Pangiling Karya Kiai Imam Malik
Authors: Ridlo Miftakhur
Published: March 2019

Kiai Imam Malik is the author of Kidung Pangiling who resides in Losari village, Mojosari district, Mojokerto district. He founded a hermitage named Padepokan Mayangkoro Islamic Boarding School Connect Sari Noto Projo Majapahit Bangkit Nusantara Jaya. This Pangiling Song is a syiiran who is used to being heard and charged through active speakers in the Wisnu Manunggal Mosque which is held every morning and evening. Kiai Imam Malik created the pangiling hymn aimed at giving advice and reminders to the people during the 1997 - 2006. The moral interpretation in Kidung Pangiling by Kiai Imam Malik broadly explained the phenomenon of morality which experienced tremendous degradation that occurred in society. Especially in 1999, 2000 and 2001, because there were civil wars in several places, such as in Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Ambon. Several verses in song : Akeh wong kalab gak podho kroso Mulai sasi songo tahun 99 Wis podho bingung wedi ciloko Ora biso nyukuri nikmat seng teko, Tatanan anyar sing salah kaprah Sing wis dadi umum, bener tak lumrah Sebab ilange hukum lan sejarah Karek ngenteni tekane banjir darah.
A new species of the genus Issus Fabricius (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoroidea: Issidae) from Northwestern Algeria
Authors: Gnezdilov V.M.
Published: March 2019

Issus christiani sp. nov. is described from Mostaganem Province of Northwestern Algeria. The new species belongs to “yellowish green” group of Issus species and it is closely related to I. vaucheri Gnezdilov, 2017 according to the structure of male genitalia, but differs by shorter fore wings (length – 4.0 mm) and shorter ventral aedeagal hooks (0.25 times as long as aedeagus). Thus including the new species currently the genus Issus Fabricius, 1803 is documented from the Mediterranean Africa with five species. Key to African species of Issus is given.
Benthic habitats in the Tikhaya Bight (the Hooker Island, Franz Josef Land)
Authors: Gagaev S.Y. , Grebelny S.D. , Sirenko B.I. , Potin V.V. , Savinkin O.V.
Published: March 2019

Benthic habitats of Tikhaya Bight (Hooker Island, Franz Josef Land, High Arctic) were studied by using SCUBA equipment (diving quantitative method) and Van Veen grabs. Three main communities have been described. A Gammarus setosus-macroalgae community, probably seasonal, developed above 5 meters depth, had a relatively low diversity with biomass 7.6±0.9 g/m2 and abundance 135±40 ind/m2; a mixed bivalves-amphipods-bryozoan community (Serripes groenlandicus, Mya truncata, Haploops laevis, Alcyonidium disciforme) occured in muddy bottoms with some interspersed boulders between 7 and 30 m depth; it included 101 taxons, had a relatively high biomass 152.3±114.2 g/m2 and abundance 1600±940 ind/m2. A bivalve-dominated community with Musculus niger and Yoldia hyperborean inhabited depth of 67–72 m, included 38 taxons and was characterized by high density of abundance and biomass – 670±295 ind/m2 and 356.1±57.1 g/m2, respectively. Comparison with the previous data obtained 20 years ago at the depth 7–30 m, showed that, possibly, the retreat of the glacier under the influence of increasing temperature in the environment and increased runoff of melt water, washes away clay deposits which led to siltation of the bottom in the bay and caused degradation of kelp, which was partially replaced by invertebrate communities inherent in silted soils.
Editorial
Authors: Romaniello Matthew P.
Published: March 2019

Our new volume begins with a departure. Tatiana Argounova-Low,
following a long term as an associate editor, has left the journal to
focus on other projects. We owe her a great debt of thanks for all her
work for the journal, which included numerous translations over the
years. Most recently, she and Jenanne Ferguson translated the entirety
of our last issue on “Indigenous Methodology in the Study of the Native
Peoples of Siberia.” The project was an enormous undertaking. We
know that Tatiana’s contributions will continue to be valuable for the
field and for Sibirica and wish her the best with her future endeavors.
MÜZİK BİBLİYOGRAFYASI BAĞLAMINDA 2000-2017 YILLARI ARASINDA YAPILMIŞ LİSANSÜSTÜ TEZLER VE YÖNTEMLERİ
Authors: TUNA Almila
Published: March 2019

Bibliyografyalar, ait oldukları alanların rehber niteliğini taşıyan kaynaklarıdır.

Kütüphane kart ve kataloglarından ayrı olarak değerlendirilir. Bibliyografyaları

oluştururken kullanılan yöntemler her çalışma için farklılık gösterse de tespit edilen

dokümanların dikkatle incelenmesi ve fayda sağlayacak nitelikte bilgilerin

düzenlenmesi her yöntem kapsamında öncelik taşır. Bibliyografyanın bir bilim dalı

olarak görüldüğü düşünülürse, müzik bibliyografyaları oluşturulurken izlenen

yöntem, diğer alanlarda yapılan bibliyografyalarda izlenen yöntemden ayrı değildir.

Bu çalışmada, bibliyografya oluşturulurken kullanılan yöntemler tasnif edilmiştir. Bu

bağlamda müzik bibliyografyası özelinde 2000-2017 tarihleri arasında yapılmış olan

Ulusal Tez Merkezi sistemine kayıtlı lisansüstü çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Yapılan

bibliyografyaların hangi yöntemler kullanılarak oluşturulduğu ele alınmış, içerikleri

hakkında kısaca bilgiler verilmiştir. İnceleme sonucu genel bir değerlendirme

yapılmıştır. Gelecekte yapılacak olan müzik bibliyografyası çalışmalarının, alana

daha çok fayda sağlaması amacı ile önerilerde bulunulmuştur. 
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG DEMAM DENGAN PENANGANAN DEMAM PADA BAYI 0-12 BULAN DI DESA DATARAJAN WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS NGARIP KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS TAHUN 2018
Authors: Kristianingsih Ani , Sagita Yona Desni , Suryaningsih Imas
Published: March 2019

tidak ditangani maka dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan rangkaian khususnya sistem saraf pusat dan  otot, sehingga mengakibatkan kematian. Penanganan pertama demam dapat berupa terapi farmakologi dan terapi non farmakologi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang demam dengan penanganan demam pada bayi 0-12 bulan di Datarajan Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ngarip Kabupaten Tanggamus tahun 2018.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Waktu pelaksanaannya pada tanggal 11 – 13 Februari 2018 tempatnya di DesaDatarajan Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ngarip Kabupaten Tanggamus. Populasi yaitu ibu yang memiliki bayi 0-12 bulan berjumlah 60 orang. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan total population dengan jumlah 60 ibu.Hasil analisis menunjukan ada hubungan tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang demam dengan penanganan demam dengan P-value 0,000 (<0.05) dengan odds Ratio sebesar 25.375 (6.357-101.287). Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat menambah pengetahuan bagi ibu dengan pengetahuan kurang baik. Ibu dapat mengikuti sosialisasi kesehatan. Sehingga ibu dapat melakukan penanganan demam yang baik didorong dengan adanya informasi kesehatan baik dari tenaga kesehatan ataupun orang tua dan saudara ibu dalam penanganan demam.
An efficient and practical synthesis of antibacterial linezolid
Authors: Zhang Xingxian , Chen Wei , Li Cheng , Wu Xiang
Published: March 2019

A convergent and efficient synthesis of linezolid was developed using the cycloaddition of commercially available ( R)-epichlorohydrin with morpholine substituted phenylisocyanate catalysed by MgI2 or MgBr2 etherate as the key step in the 50% overall yield.
Oxidation of Urazoles to their Corresponding Triazolinediones using Benzyltriphenylphosphonium Nitrate
Authors: Samimi Heshmat Allah , Parvanak Kaveh
Published: March 2019

Benzyltriphenylphosphonium nitrate in the presence of AlCl3 oxidised 1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5-diones to the corresponding 4-substituted-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-diones.
Acid-Washed Bentonite: A New Reagent for the Deprotection of Tetrahydropyranyl Ethers
Authors: Poon Po.S. , Banerjee Ajoy K. , Bedoya Liadis , Sanchez Jennifer , Laya Manuel S.
Published: March 2019

Acid-washed (pH 4 and pH 6) bentonite earth cleaves the tetrahydropyranyl ethers to the corresponding alcohols in good yield under mild conditions.
SOUNDSCAPE KAWASAN: EVALUASI RUANG BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Syamsiyah Nur Rahmawati , Dharoko Atyanto , Utami Sentagi Sesotya
Published: March 2019

Abstract: The density of major cities in Indonesia is the impact of the rapid development of the population. Increasing the population as well as their welfare make the residential and traffic environment in urban areas less healthy. Noisy, and air quality as the main indicators that can be felt to be very disturbing to the human environment. The sound quality perspective is one that is overlooked. Even though the government of the Republic of Indonesia has issued standard noise levels in Kep-48 / MENLH / 11/1996, evaluation and control of reality in the field is still lacking. The soundscape approach that is very concerned about the environment as a resource will be the most effective when applied in urban and regional planning. This paper aims to explore how sound impacts in providing an auditory experience in open space through a soundscape approach with case studies of open space or the court of the Great Mosque of Yogyakarta. This case can be an example of implementing a strategy to create peace of space in the midst of the hustle and bustle of the city. On the other hand soundscaping techniques become the needs of every city to do, and in particular there must be a spatial pattern that unites and adapts to each other between buildings, open spaces, vegetation, water elements and activities, so that the sustainability of a comfortable and calm space will last long. Keywords: space sustainability; noise; auditory experience; soundscapeAbstrak: Kepadatan kota-kota besar di Indonesia merupakan dampak perkembangan penduduk yang begitu cepat meningkat. Peningkatan jumlah penduduk sekaligus kesejahteraan mereka membuat lingkungan pemukiman dan lalu lintas di perkotaan semakin kurang sehat. Bising, dan kualitas udara sebagai indikator utama yang dapat dirasakan sangat mengganggu lingkungan hidup manusia. Perspektif kualitas suara adalah salah satu yang terabaikan. Sekalipun pemerintah Republik Indonesa sudah mengeluarkan baku tingkat kebisingan dalam Kep-48/MENLH/11/1996, namun evaluasi dan kontrol terhadap kenyataan di lapangan masih kurang dilakukan. Pendekatan soundscape yang sangat memperhatikan lingkungan sebagai sumber daya akan menjadi yang paling efektif bila diterapkan dalam perencanaan kota dan kawasan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana dampak suara dalam memberikan pengalaman auditory dalam ruang terbuka melalui pendekatan soundscape dengan studi kasus kawasan ruang terbuka atau pelataran Masjid Agung Yogyakarta. Kasus ini dapat menjadi contoh penerapan strategi menciptakan ketenangan ruang di tengah hiruk pikuk kota. Di sisi lain teknik soundscaping menjadi kebutuhan setiap kota untuk dilakukan, dan secara khusus harus ada pola spasial yang menyatukan dan saling menyesuaikan antara bangunan, ruang terbuka, vegetasi, unsur air dan aktifitas, sehingga keberlanjutan ruang kawasan yang terkondisi nyaman dan tenang akan bisa bertahan lama.Kata Kunci: keberlanjutan ruang; kebisingan; pengalaman auditory; soundscape
SES TASARIMININ KOMEDİ FİLMLERİNDE ANLATI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ: AİLE ARASINDA FİLMİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: DEMİR Özcan
Published: March 2019

Sinema filmini meydana getiren görsel ve işitsel ögeler bir arada yapımın an- latısını oluşturmaktadır. Bir sanat olarak ortaya çıktığı andan itibaren sinema, anlatım gücünü geliştirmeye devam etmiştir. Görsel anlatı araçları yanında işit- sel  olarak  diyaloglar,  efekt ve  müzik  kullanımının  bu  gücün  artmasında  etkili olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Bu çalışmada, sinemada anlatının oluşturul- masında sesin etkili olduğu varsayımından hareketle ses tasarımının kökenleri ve temel ögeleri ele alınmıştır. Ses tasarımı ögelerinin belirtilmesinin ardından Aile Arasında (Ozan Açıktan, 2017) isimli komedi filminin bu ögelerin kullanımı bağlamında metinsel çözümlemesi yapılmıştır.  Filmin metin analizi bağlamın- da kamera, mizansen, kurgu, devinim, oyunculuk ve senaryo gibi ögelere ses ile yapılan katkı değerlendirilmiştir. Müziğin kullanımı, diyalogların anlatıya katkısı ve ses ile ilgili olan ögelerin film metni üzerindeki etkisi ele alınmıştır.
Measurements of gas and particle phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) in Ho Chi Minh city in the period of 2017 to 2018
Authors: Hien To Thi , Doan Thien Chi Nguyen , Anh Ngan Tran , Huu Huy Duong
Published: March 2019

This study was conducted to assess the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) between gas and particle phase in the ambient air in Ho Chi Minh City in the period of 2017 to 2018. Gas and particle phase PAHs samples were collected at five sites in Ho Chi Minh City in a period between March 2017 and February 2018. Particle phase PAHs were collected on glass fiber filters and gas phase PAHs were adsorbed on polyurethane foams (PUFs). Gas and particle phase PAHs were determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC-FLD). In the rainy season, the results shown that total PAHs concentrations in the gas phase was 43.16 ± 19.36 ng/m3 while that in the particle phase was 5.82 ± 3.96 ng/m3. In the dry season, total PAHs concentrations in the gas phase was 40.66 ± 15.14 ng/m3 and in the particle phase was 4.50 ± 2.54 ng/m3. The total concentration of 14 PAHs in the gas phase (42.08 ± 17.62 ng/m3) accounted for over 85% of the total concentration. High molecular weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs) had the highest concentration in the particle phase, accounting for about 78% of the total concentration of 14 PAHs. In contrast, in the gas phase, low molecular weight PAHs (LMW-PAHs) was dominated, accounting for over 65% of the total concentration of 14 PAHs. Particle fraction was obtained to understand the particle/gas phase partitioning of PAHs in ambient air in Ho Chi Minh City. Moreover, particle fraction and logPL0 have a non-linear correlation. Source apportionment of PAHs was carried out by using PMF model. The PMF results indicate four factors that affect PAHs concentrations in Ho Chi Minh City. In four factors, vehicular emission contributed strongly to PAHs concentrations.
Will social critique force the faculty role to evolve?
Authors: Deel Kimberly
Published: March 2019

The American college professor has traditionally filled three primary roles in institutions of higher education: that of teacher, of scholar, and of servant leader. But a call of alarm has been sounded of late and some suggest that the economic turbulence of recent years has given rise to a Pandora’s box of public scrutiny resulting in fissures that threaten to fracture the venerable triumvirate. The purpose of this essay is to examine the evolution of the faculty’s role in higher education, to invite thoughtful comparison between these past and present functions, and to provoke discussion regarding the future of the professoriate in an increasingly critical social milieu.
اعتراضات ابن الصلاح الشهرزوري على الحاكم النيسابوري في علوم الحديث
Authors: DERŞEVİ Yasir
Published: March 2019

يعد الحاكم النيسابوري من الأوائل الذين جمعوا علوم الحديث في مؤلف واحد،
وقد جاء العلماء من بعده وعكفوا على دراسة مؤلفاته وشرحوا عباراته وأضافوا إليها
وصوّبوا ما وقع فيها من وهم أو قصور، وهذا أمر طبيعي لا يخلو منه أي عمل إنساني،
ولا ينقص ذلك من مكانته العلمية، وقد شهد له أئمة هذا الفن بالإمامة، ويكفيه أنه
حاز قصب السبق في التصنيف في هذا الفن، وقد قمت بدراسة ما وقعت عليه من
اعتراضات  لابن الصلاح  في كتابه علوم الحديث على الحاكم النيسابوري،
فدققت النظر في كلام الحاكم ، ورجعت إلى المصادر الأصلية لعلماء الحديث ودققت النظر
في كلامهم، لأتأكد من هذه الاعتراضات، أمقبولة هذه الاعتراضات أم لا؟ وذكرت أدلتهم
وقارنت بينها وذكرت ما ترجح لدي في نهاية المطاف، وقد تبين لي من خلال البحث أن
بعض هذه الاعتراضات صحيحة، وبعضها ليست كذلك، وفي نهاية البحث كتبت النتائج التي
توصلت إليها.
Automasi Picking List dan Display Outlet Berbasis Web Menggunakan Teknologi Google Maps dan GPS
Authors: Malau Yesni
Published: March 2019

Kebutuhan akan teknologi akan meningkat seiring dengan perkembangan proses bisnis yang ada di perusahaan, kemudahan proses dalam menjalankan kegiatan bisnis akan memudahkan perusahaan dalam pencapaian target. Pada Perusahaan distribusi barang, proses pengiriman barang hampir dilakukan setiap hari, area pengiriman (outlet) yang berbeda dan jarak tempuh yang tidak bisa diprediksi secara pasti akan mempengaruhi biaya operasional perusahaan dan proses pembuatan picking list yang manual akan menjadi hambatan perusahaan guna mendapatkan informasi yang cepat dan akurat. Untuk itu Perusahaan dapat mengatasi masalah tersebut dengan menerapkan teknologi google maps dan GPS dalam proses bisnisnya. Pemanfaatan menggunakan teknologi google maps dan GPS dapat membantu perusahaan dalam memonitor alur pengiriman barang, memonitoring  posisi  kendaraan melalaui koordinat lintang dan bujur yang diberikan oleh sinyal GPS. Dan automasi picking list akan membantu perusahaan guna mendapatkan informasi data planning pengiriman lebih cepat dan akurat. Dengan diterapkannya automasi picking list dan  display outlet  berbasis titik koordinat outlet  dilengkapi  menggunakan teknologi google Maps dan GPS akan memberi banyak keuntungan, dimana perusahaan dapat melakukan analisa atas kalkulasi biaya  distibusi barang dengan seefisien dan waktu pengiriman yang seefektif mungkin. Penerapan teknologi GPS dapat digunakan untuk pemantuan mobil dan driver dalam mendistribusikan barang dapat dilakukan secara langsung.
Sistem Pengaduan Layanan Akademik Menggunakan Responsive Web Design
Authors: Melani Yayuk Ike
Published: March 2019

Sistem pengaduan layanan akademik yang ada pada STMIK PalComTech menggunakan kuesioner yang diberikan kepada mahasiswa setiap bulannya sehingga mahasiswa terkadang lupa untuk menyampaikan keluhan apa saja yang akan diberikan. Kuesioner hanya ditujukan kepada layanan konsumen, layanan dosen dan layanan BAAK. Belum tersedianya sistem pengaduan untuk Sarana dan Prasarana serta Keuangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sebuah sistem pengaduan layanan akademik yang ditujukan kepada mahasiswa untuk mempermudah mahasiswa dalam menyampaikan keluhannya terhadap layanan akademik setiap saat tanpa harus menunggu satu bulan untuk menyampaikan keluhan. Dalam pengembangannya sistem ini menggunakanmetode waterfall sedangkan desain dari sistem menggunakan responsive web desain yang dapat dibuka melalui komputer desktop atau handphone. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuahaplikasi yang digunakan sebagai sistem monitoring kepuasan mahasiswa terhadap layanan akademik yang diberikan oleh BAAK, Keuangan dan Sarpras serta memberikan hak kepadamahasiswa untuk dapat menyampaikan keluhannya kepada pihak layanan akademik melalui media yang telah disediakan.
Evidence of a Media-Induced Nocebo Response Following a Nationwide Antidepressant Drug Switch
Authors: MacKrill Kate , Gamble Greg D. , Bean Debbie J. , Cundy Tim , Petrie Keith J.
Published: March 2019

In 2017, patients on a generic or branded antidepressant venlafaxine were switched to a new generic formulation (Enlafax). In February and April 2018, two major NZ media outlets
ran stories about the new generic being less effective and causing specific side effects. This study aimed to examine the effect of the media coverage on drug side effects
reported to the national Centre for Adverse Reactions Monitoring (CARM) and whether the specific symptoms reported in the media increased compared to side effects not reported
in the media.

We analysed monthly adverse reaction reports for Enlafax to CARM from October 2017 to June 2018 and compared adverse reports, complaints of decreased therapeutic effect and
specific symptom reports before and after the media coverage using an interrupted time series analysis.

We found the number of side effects and complaints of reduced therapeutic effect increased significantly following the media stories (interruption effect = 41.83, 95% CI [25.25,
58.41], p = .003; interruption effect = 15.49, 95% CI [7.01, 23.98], p = .012, respectively). The specific side effects mentioned in the media coverage, including suicidal
thoughts, also increased significantly compared to other side effects not mentioned in the media.

In the context of a drug switch, media reports of side effects appear to cause a strong nocebo response by increasing both the overall rate of side effect reporting and an
increase in the specific side effects mentioned in the media coverage, including reduced drug efficacy and heightened suicidal thoughts.

The study provides further evidence that media coverage of side effects can induce a nocebo effect.

This is the first study to look at media coverage of an antidepressant brand switch.

The increase in reported adverse events was higher for those symptoms mentioned in the media reports.

The study provides further evidence that media coverage of side effects can induce a nocebo effect.

This is the first study to look at media coverage of an antidepressant brand switch.

The increase in reported adverse events was higher for those symptoms mentioned in the media reports.
YİYECEK İÇECEK İŞLETMELERİNDE YÖRESEL MUTFAK UYGULAMALARI: GAZİANTEP ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: SORMAZ Ümit , KAYA Şule
Published: March 2019

Yöresel mutfak uygulamaları, yaşadıkları coğrafyayı en iyi
şekilde tanıtmasına ve tarihin izlerini taşımasına rağmen bugün olması
gerektiği yerde değildir. Geçmişten günümüze kadar yöresel olarak yapılan
birçok yiyecek ve içeceğin unutulmasının birçok sebebi olmasına rağmen, en
önemli nedenleri arasında yörede faaliyet gösteren yiyecek içecek
işletmelerinde yöresel mutfak ürünlerinin hazırlanma ve sunulma durumunun
yetersiz olmasıdır.

Bu araştırmanın amacı,
Gaziantep'te faaliyet gösteren yiyecek içecek işletmelerindeki yöresel mutfak
uygulamalarını saptamaktır. Araştırmanın evrenini, Gaziantep' te faaliyet
gösteren yiyecek içecek işletmeleri oluşturmakta olup, gönüllü olarak
araştırmaya katılan 125 yiyecek ve içecek işletmesi ise araştırma örneklemini
oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın ilk iki bölümünde Gaziantep mutfağı ile ilgili
teorik bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde Güneydoğu' nun en büyük ili
olan Gaziantep' te faaliyet gösteren yiyecek içecek işletmelerindeki yöresel
mutfak uygulamalarını belirlemek amacıyla yüz yüze görüşme tekniği uygulanarak,
bir anket çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen anket verileri
kullanılarak, frekans dağılımları incelenmiş ve chi-square testi çerçevesinde
işletmelerin Gaziantep mutfağı yöresel yemeklerinden en çok et yemeklerini
servis ettiği saptanmıştır.
TRACKING THE HISTORY OF RESTAURANTS THROUGH THE ART OF PAINTING
Authors: AKDENİZ Defne
Published: March 2019

The
aim of this paper is to track the evolution of restaurants through history and
art. While doing this, the paper first provides historical information about
traditional eating places in Ancient and Medieval times before the evolution of
modern restaurants. Humble dining places in history such as inns, taverns,
coffee houses are examined in detail with their representations in art. Then the
study draws on the evolution of Parisian restaurants. Since the origin of the
modern-day restaurants is mostly cited as Paris, this paper emphasizes the depictions
of Parisian restaurants in art. After this part, the study comes up with
possible explanations of the reasons why restaurants evolved mainly in Paris. The
following part focuses on the characteristics of new restaurants which
differentiated them from early eating establishments. In every part paintings
best reflecting the restaurants of that era are used in order to support the
theoretical framework. Additionally one of the consequences of today’s modern
restaurant which is the intersection of public and private spheres of
individuals is analyzed through Van Gogh’s depictions of Parisian restaurants
and Edward Hopper’s diner representations.