bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of projectile fragment emission in the fragmentation of 28Si on C target at 736 A MeV
Authors: Dang Ying-Hua , Li Jun-Sheng , Zhang Dong-Hai , Xi Ya-Ting , Kodaira Satoshi , Yasuda Nakahiro
Published: June 2024

The emission angular distributions, the transverse momentum distributions and the temperature parameters of projectile fragments produced in fragmentation of [Formula: see text]Si on C target at 736[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]MeV are measured. It is found that the scattering angle of primary silicon ions is smaller than the emission angle of their fragments. The average value and the width of the angular distribution and the transverse momentum distribution are increased with the decrease of the charge of projectile fragments. The cumulative squared transverse momentum distribution of projectile fragments can be well fitted by a single Rayleigh distribution, which indicates that the projectile fragments are emitted from a single temperature emission source. Most of the temperature parameters of projectile fragments emission source are in the range of 2–5[Formula: see text]MeV, which does not obviously depend on the charge of the projectile fragments.
Partial isometries between Hilbert modules and their compositions
Authors: Skeide Michael
Published: June 2024

Motivated by questions raised in the preprint1 by Accardi and Lu (private communication), we examine criteria for when the product of two partial isometries between Hilbert spaces is again a partial isometry and we use this to define a new composition operation that always yields again a partial isometry. Then, we aim at promoting these results to (not necessarily adjointable) partial isometries between Hilbert modules as proposed by Shalit and Skeide.12

The case of Hilbert spaces is elementary and rather simple, though not trivial, but – we expect – folkloric. The case of Hilbert modules suffers substantially from the fact that bounded right linear maps need not possess necessarily an adjoint. In fact, we show that the new composition law for partial isometries between Hilbert spaces can in no way be promoted directly to partial isometries between Hilbert modules, but that we have to pass to the more flexible class of partially defined isometries.
Thermally Induced Nonlinear Bending and Stability of Nanocomposite Curved Pipes Reinforced by CNTs
Authors: Hung Chen-Chih , Wang Gui , Wu Zhixin , Wang Lai-Wang
Published: June 2024

This research is concerned with the thermal bending and stability of temperature-dependent nanocomposite curved pipes strengthened with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) subjected to uniform temperature rise. Thermo-mechanical characteristics of the polymer composite pipe are assumed to vary entirely in the thickness by a non-uniform function of the radius. Five different patterns are selected to model the propagation profile of CNTs amongst the pipe thickness. Based on the shear deformation and von-Karman kinematic hypothesis, nonlinear balance equations of the polymer curved pipe are determined via varying the total potential energy of the system. Governing equations as a set of coupled nonlinear differential equations are analytically solved using a perturbation-based technique. Closed-form solutions are derived to estimate large-amplitude deflection of nanocomposite curved pipes with pinned and clamped boundaries under uniform thermal loading. The obtained results show the influences of important parameters such as material/geometrical characteristics and foundation stiffness on the thermally induced nonlinear response of polymer nanocomposite curved pipes.
Frequency Assessment of Sandwich Rectangular Plates with an Anisogrid Core and GPLRC Face Sheets
Authors: Ghatreh Samani S. , Beheshti H. , Akbarzadeh A. H. , Kiani Y.
Published: June 2024

In this paper, the free vibration of a sandwich plate with an anisogrid core and two face sheets reinforced with graphene platelets (GPLs) is investigated. A continuous approach is considered for the lattice core and the equivalent properties are calculated. Adopting the Halpin–Tsai micromechanics, the effective Young’s modulus of the nanocomposites/graphene platelets is extracted. Also, mass density and Poisson’s ratio are earned with the simple rule of mixtures. A quasi-3D theory is applied to model the kinematics of the sandwich plate with simply supported boundary conditions. Hamilton’s principle is implemented to obtain the equations of motion that are solved based on the Navier solution. The validity of the results of this study is confirmed by comparing the analytical results with those presented in other researches and also a finite element model. The effect of the parameters of the lattice core such as the width of ribs, the number of helical ribs in one direction, and the ratio of thickness of face sheets to core on the natural frequencies of the sandwich plate was investigated. Additionally, the impact of the pattern of graphene platelets and their weight fraction on the natural frequencies were investigated. The results show that by decreasing the ratio of the thickness of face sheets to the thickness of core and increasing the number of ribs and their width, the natural frequencies will decrease. Moreover, the patterns FG-V and FG-A have the highest and the lowest natural frequencies, respectively, among the other distribution of graphene platelets.
A new regularity criterion for the 3D nematic liquid crystal flows
Authors: Omrane Ines Ben , Slimane Mourad Ben , Gala Sadek , Ragusa Maria Alessandra
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study was to establish a new regularity criterion for local-in-time smooth solutions for the 3D nematic liquid crystal flows in terms of the horizontal gradient of two horizontal velocity components in the framework of the homogeneous Besov [Formula: see text] space and one directional derivative of molecular orientations in the framework of the homogeneous Morrey–Campanato [Formula: see text] space. More precisely, we show that the smooth solution [Formula: see text] can be extended beyond [Formula: see text], provided that [Formula: see text]
Quantumness of correlations in a nondegenerate three-level laser
Authors: Mouhti I. , Tirbiyine A. , Khenfouch M. , Labrag A. , El Qars J.
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we analyze, under realistic experimental conditions, entanglement and quantum discord in a two-mode Gaussian state [Formula: see text] coupled to a thermal reservoir. The mode [Formula: see text]([Formula: see text]) is generated during the first(second) transition of a nondegenerate three-level laser. The gain medium of the laser is a set of three-level atoms in a cascade configuration. The atoms are prepared initially in a superposition of the upper and lower levels. In the good cavity-limit, applying the master equation we obtain the covariance matrix of the state [Formula: see text] at steady-state. We use the entanglement of formation and the Gaussian quantum discord to quantify entanglement and quantum correlations beyond entanglement, respectively. The two indicators of nonclassicality are defined by means of the von Neumann entropy, and obtained as functions of the parameters characterizing the physical and environmental parameters of the state [Formula: see text], i.e. atomic coherence, dissipation and thermal photon number. As results, we find that maximum entanglement and discord could be achieved by adjusting the degree of atomic coherence. In contrary to the expectation based on the assumption that entanglement is a part of quantum discord, it is found that the latter can be less than the former. Under thermal noise effect, we find that quantum discord measured when the state [Formula: see text] exhibits entanglement diminishes drastically, while that measured when the [Formula: see text] is separable displays a relatively robust behavior seeming to be captured over a wide range of temperature. Our results assert that nondegenerate three-level lasers may play a crucial role in the implementation of quantum processing tasks, particularly those who do not need entangled states.
Mechanical Behaviors of Copolymer Elastomers: Experimental Characterization and Constitutive Modeling
Authors: Wang Kunquan , Dai Lu , Lin Ji , Rao Ping , Xiao Rui
Published: June 2024

We combine experimental analysis and modeling to investigate the complex mechanical behaviors of copolymer elastomers. Experimental studies are conducted to analyze the impact of monomer ratio, strain rate, and loading mode on the response of copolymer elastomers, which reveal the distinct hyperelastic, viscoelastic, damage and self-recovery behaviors of the materials. Based on the experimental observations, we develop a finite deformation hyperelastic-viscoelastic constitutive model, which incorporates multiple discrete relaxation processes. For the hyperelastic process, an extended eight-chain model is employed. Different from the classic viscoelastic model, the strain hardening and damage/recovery mechanisms are also included in the relaxation processes. The model successfully describes the complex mechanical responses observed in elastomers, including quasi-static loading, strain rate effects, and stress relaxation phenomena. Additionally, the model captures the behavior of elastomers during loading-unloading cycles in a reasonable manner. The work offers an efficient theoretical tool for the design and practical application of elastomers.
Strain-Induced Electromagnetic Transmission Modulation via a Reconfigurable Kirigami Metasurface
Authors: He Shuchang , Wang Chengjun , Tao Jie , Tang Haishan , Wang Zuojia , Song Jizhou
Published: June 2024

Tunable three-dimensional (3D) electromagnetic (EM) metasurfaces are critical for dynamic modulation of EM responses but their construction and tuning mechanism are still complex. Here, we report a simple yet effective 3D reconfigurable EM metasurface, which was obtained from a planar kirigami polyimide substrate printed with periodically arranged copper split-ring resonator. Under mechanical stretch, the two-dimensional (2D) planar metasurface can be uniformly deformed into a 3D state, which is effective for tuning its EM transmission characteristic. By combining mechanics and EM simulations as well as experimental measurements, we revealed the deformation mode and active EM transmission modulation capability of the metasurface. It is shown that at the initial state, the planar kirigami metasurface exhibits ideal frequency selective transmission to transverse electric (TE) wave but allows for complete transmission for transverse magnetic (TM) wave. As the applied strain increases from 0% to 20%, the transmission was adjusted from −17.74[Formula: see text]dB to −9.74[Formula: see text]dB for TE wave but merely from 0[Formula: see text]dB to −3.25[Formula: see text]dB for TM wave. Meanwhile, the resonant frequency experienced a visible shift for both TE and TM waves. Finally, the equivalent circuit analysis and simulated surface current density were conducted to reveal the tuning mechanism of the proposed metasurface.
Evaluation of the support capability of the launch power system propellant based on G1-EW two-dimensional cloud model
Authors: Li Peng , Hu Tao , Chen Tong , Liu Haobang
Published: June 2024

Due to technical limitations and the characteristics of the launch power system propellant, its support capability is affected by many factors and links. In the process of mission support, it is necessary to consider both its quality characteristics and the safety during the support process, which bring difficulties to the accuracy of its support capability evaluation. In this regard, the evaluation indexes system is constructed according to the requirements of total quality management theory, process safety management theory and equipment support characteristics. In the process of setting the indexes system, the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution method (TOPSIS method) is used to screen the indexes to make indexes setting more scientific. The subjective weights obtained by the order relation analysis method (G1 method) and the objective weights obtained by the entropy weight method (EW method) are combined by the game theory combination weighting method to obtain the indexes combination weights, which reduce the error of weight calculation. The two-dimensional cloud model is used to evaluate support capability of the launch power system propellant from the two dimensions of quality management capability and safety management capability, which can reflect the support capability more comprehensively and accurately. Through example verification, the closeness of support capability of the launch power system propellant to the evaluation grades of ‘excellent’, ‘good’, ‘average’, ‘poor’ and ‘very poor’ is calculated to be 0.2333, 5.1169, 0.3579, 0.1821 and 0.1041, respectively, indicating that the evaluation results are closer to good. Finally, compared with the existing one-dimensional cloud model evaluation method, the superiority of this research method is highlighted, which has a certain guiding role in improving its support capability.
Quantum Nearest Neighbor Collaborative Filtering Algorithm for Recommendation System
Authors: Li Jiaye , Shi Jinjing , Zhang Jian , Lu Yuhu , Li Qin , Yu Chunlin , Zhang Shichao
Published: June 2024

Recommendation has become especially crucial during the COVID-19 pandemic as a significant number of people rely on online shopping from home. Existing recommendation algorithms, designed to address issues like cold start and data sparsity, often overlook the time constraints of users. Specifically, users expect to receive recommendations for products of interest in the shortest possible time. To address this challenge, we propose a novel collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm that leverages the advantages of quantum computing circuits based on data reconstruction. This approach allows for the rapid identification of users similar to the target user, thereby improving recommendation speed. In our method, we utilize the information of known users to linearly reconstruct that of the target users, forming a relational matrix. Subsequently, we employ\(l_{2,1}-\)norm and\(l_{1}-\)norm to sparsely constrain the relationship matrix, deducing the weight of each known user. The final step involves providing similar recommendations to target users based on these weights. Furthermore, we implement the proposed algorithm using a quantum circuit, enabling exponential acceleration. The final weight matrix is derived from the quantum state outputted by the circuit. The speed of this process is theoretically demonstrated in detail. Experimental results indicate that our algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and normalized discounted cumulative gain (NDCG). Compared to state-of-the-art comparison algorithms, the proposed algorithm achieves the fastest recommendation speed across eight public datasets.
Hybrid Prompt Learning for Generating Justifications of Security Risks in Automation Rules
Authors: Breve Bernardo , Cimino Gaetano , Deufemia Vincenzo
Published: June 2024

Trigger-action platforms (TAPs) enable users without programming experience to personalize the behavior of Internet of Things applications and services through IF-THEN rules. Unfortunately, the arbitrary connection of smart devices and online services, even with simple rules, such as “IF the entrance
Netatmo Wheather Station
detects a temperature above 30

\({}^{\circ}C\)

(

\(86^{\circ}F\)

) THEN open the shutters in the living room,” might expose users to potential security and privacy risks (e.g., the execution of the previous rule might provide an easy entry point for thieves, especially during the summer vacation period). The goal of our research is to make the users capable of understanding and mitigating the threats and risks associated with the execution of IF-THEN rules. To this end, we define a new challenging task, namely generating post hoc justifications of privacy and security risks associated with automation rules, and propose a novel natural language generation strategy based on hybrid prompt learning producing justifications in the form of real-life threat scenarios. The proposed strategy allows for prompt customization with task-specific information, providing contextual details enabling to grasp the nuances and subtleties of the domain language, resulting in more coherent justifications. The experiments conducted on the if-this-then-that (IFTTT) platform show that our method produces effective justifications, improving the explainability of discrete and hybrid prompting methods up to 27% in BLEURT score. The code of the software is publicly available on GitHub

1

.
Fair and Efficient Ridesharing: A Dynamic Programming-based Relocation Approach
Authors: Makhdomi Aqsa Ashraf , Gillani Iqra Altaf
Published: June 2024

Recommending routes by their probability of having a rider has long been the goal of conventional route recommendation systems. While this maximizes the platform-specific criteria of efficiency, it results in sub-optimal outcomes with the disparity among the income of drivers who work for similar time frames. Pioneer studies on fairness in ridesharing platforms have focused on algorithms that match drivers and riders. However, these studies do not consider the time schedules of different riders sharing a ride in the ridesharing mode. To overcome this shortcoming, we present the first route recommendation system for ridesharing networks that explicitly considers fairness as an evaluation criterion. In particular, we design a routing mechanism that reduces the inequality among drivers and provides them with routes that have a similar probability of finding riders over a period of time. However, while optimizing fairness the efficiency of the platform should not be affected as both of these goals are important for the long-term sustainability of the system. In order to jointly optimize fairness and efficiency we consider repositioning drivers with low income to the areas that have a higher probability of finding riders in future. While applying driver repositioning, we design a future-aware policy and allocate the areas to the drivers considering the destination of requests in the corresponding area. Extensive simulations on real-world datasets of Washington DC and New York demonstrate superior performance by our proposed system in comparison to the existing baselines.
12,13‐diHOME Promotes Inflammatory Macrophages and Epigenetically Modifies Their Capacity to Respond to Microbes and Allergens
Authors: Lin Din L. , Magnaye Kevin M. , Porsche Cara E. , Levan Sophia R. , Rackaityte Elze , Özçam Mustafa , Lynch Susan V.
Published: June 2024

Elevated infant fecal concentrations of the bacterial‐derived lipid 12,13‐dihydroxy‐9Z‐octadecenoic acid (12,13‐diHOME) increase the risk for childhood atopy and asthma. However, the mechanisms by which this lipid contributes to disease development are largely unknown. We hypothesized that macrophages, which are key to both antimicrobial and antigen responses, are functionally and epigenetically modified by 12,13‐diHOME leading to short‐ and long‐term dysfunction with consequences for both antimicrobial and antigenic responses. Macrophages exposed to 12,13‐diHOME are skewed toward inflammatory IL‐1βhighCD206low cells, a phenomenon that is further amplified in the presence of common microbial‐, aero‐, and food‐allergens. These IL‐1βhighCD206low macrophages also exhibit reduced bacterial phagocytic capacity. In primary immune cell coculture assays involving peanut allergen stimulation, 12,13‐diHOME promotes both IL‐1β and IL‐6 production, memory B cell expansion, and increased IgE production. Exposure to 12,13‐diHOME also induces macrophage chromatin remodeling, specifically diminishing access to interferon‐stimulated response elements resulting in reduced interferon‐regulated gene expression upon bacterial lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Thus 12,13‐diHOME reprograms macrophage effector function, B‐cell interactions and promotes epigenetic modifications that exacerbate inflammatory response to allergens and mutes antimicrobial response along the interferon axis. These observations offer plausible mechanisms by which this lipid promotes early‐life pathogenic microbiome development and innate immune dysfunction associated with childhood allergic sensitization.
Football Was the Most Common Sport among 344 Consecutive Athletes Treated Surgically for Jumper’s Knee at an International Tendon Clinic
Authors: Alfredson Håkan , Spang Christoph , Waldén Markus
Published: June 2024

Objectives. Jumper’s knee, or proximal patellar tendinopathy, is commonly seen among athletes in leg explosive sports, and for a subgroup surgical treatment is needed. The aim of this study was to identify what type of sports were most frequent among athletes treated surgically for Jumper’s knee at an international tendon clinic during a consecutive 13‐year period. Methods. The study included 344 consecutive patients (306 males, mean age 27 years, range 17–58; 38 females, mean age 24 years, range 18–44) from 21 different countries seeking help for therapy‐resistant jumper’s knee. There were 274 elite athletes, 168 being full‐time professionals. All were diagnosed to have tendinopathy in the proximal patellar tendon and were operated on with ultrasound‐ and Doppler‐guided arthroscopic shaving surgery. Results. The single most common sport was football (n = 95, 28%), followed by rugby (n = 37, 11%) and handball (n = 32, 9%), with 117 (34%) playing at a professional level. The rest of the athletes participated in 17 other different elite sports and nine recreational sports (running/jogging, padel, squash, biking, gym training, bowling, cheerleading, dancing, and ultimate frisbee). Conclusions. Football was the most common sport among patients requiring surgical treatment for jumper’s knee, constituting 28% of all patients, and together with rugby and handball they constituted almost half of all patients. There was a wide sport distribution with 29 different team and individual sports represented.
Relationship Marketing and Customers’ Satisfaction of Selected Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Babatola Felix , Fabiyi Oluwatoyin , Animasaun Sikiru , Ogunjemilua Emmanuel , Aroyewun Adeola
Published: June 2024

This study examined the influence of relationship marketing on customer satisfaction among selected deposit money banks in Nigeria. The research design used was a survey. The population of the study consisted of all customers of the top five performing deposit money banks from six states in southwest Nigeria. A stratified random sampling technique was employed to determine the sample size. Cochran's formula was utilized to determine the overall sample size, resulting in a total of three hundred and eighty-four (384) participants. Data were obtained through self-administered questionnaire of three hundred and eighty-four (384), while three hundred and twenty-one (321) copies of questionnaire were adequately filled, returned and used for the research. Inferential statistics used was linear regression and Statistic Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23 was used for data analysis. The result revealed that commitment is 0.732 with t = 6.948 and (p = 0.000 < 0.05); empathy is 0.696 with t = 15.901 and (p = 0.000 < 0.05. The study concluded that relationship marketing variables have a positive and significant influence on customer satisfaction. The study recommended that bank employees should improve the level of commitment among their customers and treat them with outstanding service in order to boost customer’s satisfaction. Also, bank staff members should improve the working atmosphere for the customers’ conveniences; attend quickly to customers whenever issues arise with their account, and show empathetic ability in order to satisfy the customers.
Optimizing Manufacturing of Zr–Cu–AI–NI Metallic Glasses via Laser Metal Deposition
Authors: Algahtani Ali
Published: June 2024

Recently, it was discovered that the cutting-edge technique known as laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is the best way to produce Zr-based bulk glasses made of metal (BMGs). While LPBF gives greater versatility, current state-of-the-art production techniques like copper mold casting and
arc-melting have limits when it comes to implementing complicated designs. Furthermore, LPBF enables a delicate balance to be struck between producing intricate characteristics and sustaining suitable temperatures all through the whole operation. Because of its exceptional features and practical
availability, this research focuses on optimizing the process variables for a specific Zr-based alloy, AMZ4, which is produced by additive manufacturing in order to optimize both its mechanical and thermal characteristics. Belonging to the class of zirconium-based alloys known as bulk metallic
glasses (BMG), Zr57Cu15Ni10AI5 (or Vit-106) has an excellent glass-forming ability and shows great promise. By casting, a BMG alloy may be transformed into workpieces that are about one centimeter in size in all three dimensions. Nevertheless, crystallization is induced when the cast size
is further increased since it reduces the cooling rate. By building a workpiece from many melt sections with the cooling rate maintained above the critical one, selective laser melt (SLM) is an established technique for overcoming size restrictions for BMGs. Partially crystallized BMG is now
an issue with SLM-obtained components. The effect of SLM process variables on partial crystallization is investigated in this paper. You may regulate the size and intensity of the inclusion by altering the speed of the laser scanning. Microhardness and wear resistance may be improved by incorporating
submicron crystalline inclusions into the amorphous matrix by SLM.
Metal-Organic Frameworks as Electrode Materials for Lithium-Ion Battery
Authors: Jagtap Tanmay P. , Patil Rashi M. , Deokar Prathmesh , Waghmode Shobha A.
Published: June 2024

Over recent decades, Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have distinguished themselves as a unique class of porous materials due to their adaptable surface and structural properties. This versatility has made MOFs highly relevant across various fields, including drug delivery, gas separation,
catalysis, and sensor technology. Additionally, their conductive properties have made them promising candidates for use in energy storage systems like high-energy-density batteries and supercapacitors. MOFs are particularly noted for their role in the development of rechargeable lithium-ion
batteries (LIBs) and supercapacitors, where they serve as both anode and cathode materials. The ability to fine-tune MOFs at a molecular level allows for precise control over their structure and chemistry, enhancing their functionality in energy storage applications. This control facilitates
superior electronic and ionic transport within MOFs, which is critical during the charging and discharging cycles of LIBs. This review delves into the various synthetic methods used to develop specific MOF structures, focusing on their implementation within LIBs to improve cyclic stability
and discharge capacity. Recent advancements in MOF technology as anode and cathode materials are explored, providing insights into how these developments can optimize reaction conditions and design choices within the battery development community and broader electrochemical energy storage
sectors. The aim is to highlight how MOFs’ inherent characteristics can be leveraged to enhance the performance and efficiency of energy storage devices.
Unlocking the Blood-Brain Barrier for Enhanced Curcumin Delivery Using PEGylated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Sofi Balsam F. , Darwesh Reem , Elbialy Nihal S.
Published: June 2024

The blood-brain barrier is a physiological barrier that regulates the entry of substances the brain. BBB poses a challenge for delivering drugs to brain. To address this challenge, a nano-system (P/CurMSNs) was fabricated. The study evaluated P/CurMSNs potential to cross blood brain
barrier, via various administration routes; intraperitoneal, intranasal, and intravenous using mice model. The intranasal administration of P/CurMSNs exhibited the most efficient curcumin delivery to the brain in 30 min, achieving 366 ±37 ng/ml relative to 264 ±22 ng/ml and 303±
41 ng/ml for intraperitoneal and intravenous routes, respectively. Post intranasal administration, drug pharmacokinetic parameters were significantly higher in brain and lower in plasma and vital organs, when compared to the other administration routes. In conclusion, P/MSNs emerged as a promising
strategy for delivering drug across blood brain barrier via the three routes, particularly intranasal administration, offering a potential therapeutic approach for brain disorders with enhanced brain tissue targeting.
Relationship between first trimester physical activity and premature rupture of membranes: a birth cohort study in Chinese women
Authors: Lv Chuanzhu , Lu Qian , Zhang Caihong , Yan Shijiao , Chen Huanjun , Pan Xiong-Fei , Fu Chao , Wang Rixing , Song Xingyue
Published: June 2024

Objective

This study aimed to examine prospective associations of different intensity levels and types of physical activity (PA) in early pregnancy with premature rupture of membranes (PROM) among Chinese pregnant women.

Methods

A total of 6284 pregnant women were included from the Tongji-Shuangliu Birth Cohort. Household/caregiving, occupational, sports/exercise and transportation activities during early pregnancy were investigated by the pregnancy physical activity questionnaire (PPAQ), and the diagnosis of PROM was ascertained during the whole pregnancy. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the associations between PA and PROM.

Results

Among the 6284 pregnant women, 1246 were identified to have PROM (19.8%). Women undertaking the highest level (3 third tertile) of PA during pregnancy appeared to have a lower risk of PROM [OR = 0.68, 95%CI 0.58–0.80) when compared to those at the lowest tertile of PA. Similarly, women with increased levels of light intensity activity, moderate-vigorous intensive, household/caregiving activity and meeting exercise guidelines during pregnancy were associated with reduced risks of PROM (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.59–0.81, OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.60–0.82, OR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.53–0.73 and OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.70–0.97, respectively).

Conclusions

High levels of PA of different intensities and PA of household/caregiving activities and meeting exercise guidelines during the first trimester were associated with a lower incidence of PROM.

Trial registration

The data of human participants in this study were conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration. This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China ([2017] No. S225). All participants provided written informed consent prior to enrollment. A statement to confirm that all methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.
Right perirenal urinoma and urinothorax in an infant after neonatal ablation of posterior urethral valve: A rare complication diagnosed by pleural aspiration and treated with perinephric drainage: a case report
Authors: AlDaithan AbdulRahman , Basuni Mohamed , ElSeadawy Mohamed
Published: June 2024

Objective

Urinothorax and urinoma are rare complications of obstructive uropathy. They might occur due to persistent high back pressure on the renal parenchyma. Urinothorax usually arises while the obstruction exists; in contrast to our case, the child presented after being operated on. He had falsely high creatinine before the operation, which was later explained by creatinine recirculation.

Clinical presentation and intervention

We are reporting an uncommon case of late presentation of ruptured urinoma in a 2-month-old Kuwaiti male. It led to urinothorax/uroperitoneum that caused respiratory distress and was associated with creatinine recirculation, requiring retroperitoneal perinephric catheter insertion. The child had recovered and was discharged home.

Conclusion

A high index of suspicion is required to diagnose urinothorax, especially in patients with a history of obstructive uropathy. Aspiration of the pleural effusion will guide you to reach the diagnosis. Creatinine recirculation is rarely described in the literature. Having a patient with urinothorax/uroperitoneum should raise the suspicion of falsely elevated creatinine levels.
IV All-Russian scientific and practical conference "Additional education - a space for self-development of the individual"
Authors: Ivanova Irina
Published: June 2024

The article presents a report on the IV All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference “Additional Education – a Space for Personal Self-Development” held on March 25–26, 2024. The event has become traditional and has an eventful character.
Conceptual Framework for the Implementation of History Education in Primary Schools and the Preparation  of the Primary School Teacher
Authors: Borisov V.
Published: June 2024

The concept of implementing history education in primary school is presented: structure, content, subjects, methodological guidelines, forms and types of learning activities of primary school students. The competence basis (professional, universal, basic competences) of the programme for training future primary school teachers to implement history education in grades 1-4 on the basis of the two-profile programme "Primary Education and History" under the pilot project of basic higher education in the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Moscow State Pedagogical University" is shown.
Features of anxiety in primary school children  with mental retardation in conditions of inclusive  and integrated learning
Authors: Tihomirova L. , Makeeva T.
Published: June 2024

In the article, the authors focus on the problem of the etiology of anxiety in children with mental retardation of various types. The problem under consideration has an interdisciplinary character and is studied primarily in socio-psychological and psychological-pedagogical research. The main issue that is the subject of consideration is how the form of education and the level of anxiety of students with mental retardation are interconnected. The article presents the results of an empirical study of anxiety in primary school children with mental retardation, studying in conditions of inclusion and integration. A program has also been developed to overcome anxiety in children with mental retardation. The effectiveness of the performed corrective work has been proved using methods of mathematical statistics (Mann-Whitney U-test, Wilcoxon T-test).
Features of correction of the sound side of speech of older preschoolers with phonetic and phonemic speech underdevelopment
Authors: Demidova A. , Vorsobina N.
Published: June 2024

This article presents the results of testing a technique for correcting the sound side of speech of older preschoolers with phonetic and phonetic speech underdevelopment.
Comparing pharmacotherapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of anxiety and depression after aortic dissection surgery
Authors: Su Jie-Qiong , Liang Feng
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Aortic coarctation is a potentially fatal condition that is primarily treated surgically. Despite successful procedures, patients frequently experience postoperative anxiety and depression, which can hinder recovery and worsen outcomes. Pharmacological interventions, such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, are commonly prescribed; however, their efficacy alone or in combination with non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), remains unclear.

AIM

To assess the effect of medications and TMS on post-aortic surgery anxiety and depression.

METHODS

We analyzed the outcomes of 151 patients with anxiety and depression who were hospitalized for aortic dissection between January 2020 and September 2022. Using the random number table method, 75 and 76 patients were allocated to the normal control and study groups, respectively. All the patients were treated using routine procedures. The control group was administered anti-anxiety and anti-depression drugs, whereas the study group was treated with TMS in addition to these medications. The patients in both groups showed improvement after two courses of treatment. The Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) were used to assess anxiety and depression, respectively. The serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and 5-HT were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to estimate sleep quality, and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) was used to assess cognitive function.

RESULTS

The HAMD and HAMA scores reduced in 2 groups, with the study group achieving a lower level than control (P < 0.05). In the control group, 43 patients recovered, 17 showed improvement, and 15 were deemed invalid. In the study group, 52 recovered, 20 improved, and four were invalid. The efficacy rate in study group was 94.74% compared to 80.00% in control (P < 0.05). The BDNF and 5-HT levels increased in both groups, with higher levels observed in the experimental group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the PSQI scores decreased in 2 groups, but were lower in the intervention group than control (P < 0.05). The scores of the RBANS items increased, with the study group scoring higher than control (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Combining anti-anxiety and anti-depressive drugs with repetitive TMS after aortic surgery may enhance mood and treatment outcomes, offering a promising clinical approach.
Effects of vitrectomy combined with internal limiting membrane peeling in patients with diabetic macular edema
Authors: Wang Lei , Chen Chun-Jie , Wang Ming-Li , Huang Yong , Fang Li-Jian
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Diabetic macular edema (DME), a chronic microvascular complication of diabetes, is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness. Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) can restore the normal macular structure and reduce macular edema, whereas internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling is used to treat tractional macular diseases. Despite the advantages, there is limited research on the combined effects of PPV with ILM peeling.

AIM

To observe the effects of PPV combined with ILM peeling on postoperative central macular thickness (CMT), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), cystoid macular edema (CME) volume, and complications in patients with DME.

METHODS

Eighty-one patients (92 eyes) diagnosed with DME at the Beijing Shanqu Liangxiang Hospital between January and December 2022 were randomly divided to undergo PPV alone (control group: 41 patients, 47 eyes) or PPV + ILM peeling (stripping group: 40 patients, 45 eyes); a single surgeon performed all surgeries. The two groups were compared preoperatively and 1 and 3 months postoperatively.

RESULTS

Preoperatively, both groups had comparable values of CMT, BCVA, and CME volume (P > 0.05). After surgery (both 1 and 3 months), both groups showed significant reductions in CMT, BCVA, and CME volume compared to preoperative levels, with the stripping group showing more significant reductions compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Further repeated-measures ANOVA analysis for within-group differences revealed significant effects of group and time, and interaction effects for CMT, BCVA, and CME volume (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence of complications between the groups (retinal detachment: control = 2, stripping = 1; endophthalmitis: Control = 4, stripping = 1; no cases of secondary glaucoma or macular holes; χ 2 = 0.296, P = 0.587).

CONCLUSION

PPV with ILM peeling can significantly improve the visual acuity of patients with DME, reduce CMT, and improve CME with fewer complications.
Relationship of inflammatory indices with left atrial appendage thrombus or spontaneous echo contrast in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Wang Zhao , Wang Bin-Hao , Yang Xiao-Lei , Xia Yun-Long , Zhang Sheng-Min , Che Ying
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Inflammatory indices derived from complete blood tests have been reported to be associated with poor outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The data about the relationship between inflammatory indices and left atrial appendage thrombus (LAAT) or dense spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) are limited.

AIM

To explore the value of inflammatory indices for predicting the presence of LAAT or dense SEC in nonvalvular AF patients.

METHODS

A total of 406 patients with nonvalvular AF who underwent transesophageal echocardiography were included and divided into two groups based on the presence (study group) or absence (control group) of LAAT or dense SEC. Inflammatory indices, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet–to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), were calculated from complete blood analysis. The associations of inflammatory indices with LAAT/dense SEC were analyzed using logistic regression.

RESULTS

LAAT and dense SEC were detected in 11 (2.7%) and 42 (10.3%) patients, respectively. The PLR only showed an association with LAAT/dense SEC in the univariate model. Elevated NLR (odds ratio [OR] = 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-1.98, P = 0.007) and reduced LMR (OR = 0.59, 95%CI: 0.41-0.83, P = 0.003) were found to be independent risk factors for the presence of LAAT/dense SEC. The areas under the NLR and LMR curves for predicting LAAT/dense SEC were 0.73 (95%CI: 0.66-0.80, P < 0.001) and 0.73 (95%CI: 0.65-0.81, P < 0.001), respectively, while the cutoff values were 2.8 (sensitivity: 69.8%; specificity: 64.0%) and 2.4 (sensitivity: 71.7%; specificity: 60.6%), respectively.

CONCLUSION

Increased NLR and decreased LMR may predict LAAT/dense SEC in patients with nonvalvular AF.
Effect of continuous nursing on rehabilitation of older patients with joint replacement after discharge
Authors: Qi Xiao-Yan , Zhou Hong-Yan , Xing Yu-Hong
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Joint replacement is a common treatment for older patients with high incidences of hip joint diseases. However, postoperative recovery is slow and complications are common, which reduces surgical effectiveness. Therefore, patients require long-term, high-quality, and effective nursing interventions to promote rehabilitation. Continuity of care has been used successfully in other diseases; however, little research has been conducted on older patients who have undergone hip replacement.

AIM

To explore the clinical effect of continuous nursing on rehabilitation after discharge of older individuals who have undergone joint replacement.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 113 elderly patients. Patients receiving routine nursing were included in the convention group (n = 60), and those receiving continuous nursing, according to various methods, were included in the continuation group (n = 53). Harris score, short form 36 (SF-36) score, complication rate, and readmission rate were compared between the convention and continuation groups.

RESULTS

After discharge, Harris and SF-36 scores of the continuation group were higher than those of the convention group. The Harris and SF-36 scores of the two groups showed an increasing trend with time, and there was an interaction effect between group and time (Harris score: F intergroup effect = 376.500, F time effect = 20.090, F interaction effect = 4.824; SF-36 score: F intergroup effect = 236.200, F time effect = 16.710, F interaction effect = 5.584; all P < 0.05). Furthermore, the total complication and readmission rates in the continuation group were lower (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Continuous nursing could significantly improve hip function and quality of life in older patients after joint replacement and reduce the incidence of complications and readmission rates.
Effects of personalized oral hygiene management on oral health status of pregnant women
Authors: Men Xiao-Chen , Du Xiao-Pei , Ji Ying
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

The Cariostat caries activity test (CAT) was used to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized oral hygiene management combining oral health education and professional mechanical tooth cleaning on the oral health status of pregnant women.

AIM

To investigate whether personalized oral hygiene management enhances the oral health status of pregnant women.

METHODS

A total of 114 pregnant women who were examined at Dalian Women’s and Children’s Medical Center were divided into four groups: High-risk experimental group (n = 29; CAT score ≥ 2; received personalized oral hygiene management training), low-risk experimental group (n = 29; CAT score ≤ 1; received oral health education), high-risk control group (n = 28; CAT score ≥ 2), and low-risk control group (n = 28; CAT score ≤ 1). No hygiene intervention was provided to control groups. CAT scores at different times were compared using independent samples t -test and least significant difference t -test.

RESULTS

No significant difference in baseline CAT scores was observed between the experimental and control groups, either in the high-risk or low-risk groups. CAT scores were reduced significantly after 3 (1.74 ± 0.47 vs 2.50 ± 0.38, P < 0.0001) and 6 months (0.53 ± 0.50 vs 2.45 ± 0.42, P < 0.0001) of personalized oral hygiene management intervention but not after oral health education alone (0.43 ± 0.39 vs 0.46 ± 0.33, P > 0.05 and 0.45 ± 0.36 vs 0.57 ± 0.32, P > 0.05, respectively). Within groups, the decrease in CAT scores was significant (2.43 ± 0.44 vs 1.74 ± 0.47 vs 0.53 ± 0.50, P < 0.0001) for only the high-risk experimental group.

CONCLUSION

Personalized oral hygiene management is effective in improving the oral health of pregnant women and can improve pregnancy outcomes and the oral health of the general population.
Status, outcome, and related factors of postpartum hypertension in the Shanghai community
Authors: Wu Ling-Xia , Jin Man , Yang Jian
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Postpartum hypertension poses a considerable health risk. Despite research on gestational hypertension, comprehensive studies focusing on postpartum hy-pertension in communities are limited. Understanding its prevalence and associated risk factors is crucial for effective prevention and management.

AIM

To provide insights for postpartum hypertension’s prevention and management.

METHODS

In total, 3297 women who gave birth between June 2021 and December 2022 in Xuhui District, Shanghai were selected. Blood pressure was measured thrice within one month post-delivery during home visits. Eighty-six women with hypertension were followed up for four months to analyze hypertension per-sistence and its related risk factors. A predictive model for persistent postpartum hypertension was established and verified using the Nomo diagram model.

RESULTS

Hypertension prevalence 1 month post-delivery was 2.61% (86/3297). Among the 86 pregnant women, 32 (37.21 %) had persistent hypertension at four months post-delivery. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that older age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.212; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.065–1.380] and higher pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.188; 95%CI: 1.006–1.404) were associated with hypertension (OR = 10.781; 95%CI: 1.006–1.404) during pregnancy. A 95%CI of 1.243–93.480 is a risk factor for persistent postpartum hypertension. The Nomograph model accurately predicted the risk of persistent postpartum hypertension, demonstrating high precision.

CONCLUSION

In Xuhui, older age, higher pre-pregnancy BMI, and gestational hypertension are risk factors for persistent postpartum hypertension. Our prediction model can identify high-risk individuals, thereby improving patient quality of life.