bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capturo Pokémons, “Logo Existo” - Realidade Aumentada e Consumo à Luz das Experiências dos Usuários do Pokémon Go
Authors: Cruz Breno De Paula Andrade , Pinto Gabriel Velloso , Oliveira Verônica Alves de
Published: January 2018

Este estudo exploratrio analisa o comportamento dos usurios brasileiros do aplicativo Pokmon GO no Twitter ao tornarem pblicas suas experincias relativas ao jogo, bem como suas experincias de consumo ao capturarem Pokmons. A coleta de dados ocorreu em duas fases. Na primeira fase usou-se a ferramenta online Netlytic para monitorar o hashtag #PokemonGo no Twitter, tendo mais de 262 mil posts no mundo - o que evidenciou a necessidade de um recorte para o contexto brasileiro atravs de hashtags relacionados ao Brasil (532 posts). Na segunda fase trabalhou-se com a Netnografia em uma comunidade de fs do jogo (Pokmon GO RJ). Os resultados destacam que: (i) foram identificadas sete categorias relacionadas experincia do usurio a partir dos dados do Twitter; (ii) paras os fs do jogo, a captura de Pokmons muitas vezes est associada ao consumo de alimentos e bebidas - o que demonstra que a experincia mais ampla do que apenas usar o aplicativo; (iii) jogadores(as) formam grupos para capturarem personagens e consomem juntos; (iv) os fs do jogo entendem que empresas (principalmente de alimentos e bebidas) usam a Poke Shop como estratgia para atrair clientes; e (v) parece haver um dinamizao do comrcio (formal e informal) nas regies onde existem Pokmons. A apresentao da ferramenta Netlytic neste estudo apresenta implicaes gerenciais, bem como possvel impacto nos estudos em Marketing relacionados ao monitoramento de redes sociais virtuais, justificando assim a relevncia deste estudo.
Os primeiros estudos em Marketing: a influência da filosofia e das ciências nos primeiros estudos em Marketing – uma análise da obra Marketing problems de Melvin T. Copeland
Authors: Oliveira Sérgio Luis Ignácio de , Moretti Sérgio Luiz Do Amaral , Silva Leonardo Aureliano
Published: January 2018

O propósito deste artigo é analisar a influência das ciências e da filosofia corrente no início do século XX nos primeiros estudos em Marketing. Para isso, foi escolhido como objeto de pesquisa a obra Marketing Problems escrito pelo professor de Harvard, Melvin T. Copeland em 1920, importante autor nos primórdios do pensamento do Marketing. Procurou-se evidenciar como ele, a exemplo de outros pesquisadores do período, baseou-se nos métodos usados pelas ciências da época na busca de um aporte teórico para a nascente disciplina. É evidenciado como surgiram os primeiros estudos em Marketing, com foco na influência do contexto, reflexo da 2ª. Revolução Industrial, que apresentou demandas que as áreas tradicionais não conseguiam resolver, abrindo espaço para os primeiros analistas em Marketing. Apresentam-se os primeiros cursos, obras e autores que contribuíram para a institucionalização da área. Além da análise do método usado pelo autor como a classificação e catalogação dos fenômenos de distribuição, descrição metódica dos agentes envolvidos no processo e hierarquização dos distribuidores.
O Efeito do Ceticismo na Atitude e Intenção de Compra de Produtos Verdes
Authors: Diógenes Abílio Peixoto , Silva Minelle Enéas da , Costa Josimar Souza
Published: January 2018

Cada vez mais consumidores tm buscado amenizar seus impactos nos problemas ambientais da sociedade. No entanto, a existncia de um mercado de produtos verdes muitas vezes no se alinha s expectativas desses consumidores, os quais podem se tornar cticos s informaes publicitrias ofertadas. Em meio a este contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa investigar o efeito do ceticismo s informaes publicitrias na atitude e inteno de compra de produtos verdes. Para tanto, uma survey com 508 consumidores foi realizada. Por meio de uma modelagem de equaes estruturais, o modelo testado foi constitudo por dois blocos - (1) impacto do conhecimento ambiental e dos valores ambientais no ceticismo s informaes publicitrias e (2) o efeito do ceticismo s informaes publicitrias na atitude e inteno de compra. Os resultados indicam que valores ambientais no influenciam no ceticismo. Por sua vez, o ceticismo s informaes publicitrias afeta negativamente na atitude ambiental, o que insuficiente para gerar um efeito negativo na inteno de compra de produtos verdes, que se mostra positivo. A contribuio central est em testar o antecedente valores ambientais, bem como a insero da atitude enquanto varivel at ento pouco estudada na rea.
Nostalgia de Experiências Memoráveis e a Revisita a Locais de Turismo
Authors: Pereira Mariana Lopes da Silva , Hor-Meyll Luis Fernando
Published: January 2018

Consumidores muitas vezes buscam no turismo um meio para reviver experincias e momentos marcantes de suas vidas. Este estudo identificou dimenses por meio das quais experincias memorveis provocam nostalgia em relao a locais de turismo, influenciando em inteno de revisita. Foram colhidos quinze relatos de consumidores que tiveram experincias em turismo, por meio de entrevistas em profundidade, conduzidas e analisadas com base em mtodos da fenomenologia adaptados para a pesquisa do consumidor. Experincias memorveis que remetem a sentimentos nostlgicos no parecem estar necessariamente relacionadas a destinos ou locais especficos, mas reproduo de sensaes e emoes l vivenciadas, ou lembrana de momentos que foram passados com familiares, amigos prximos ou parceiros romnticos.
Perspectivas da Psicologia Evolucionista em Comportamento do Consumidor
Authors: Vils Leonardo , Strehlau Suzane , Mazzieri Marcos Rogério , Maccari Emerson Antonio
Published: January 2018

O homo sapiens vai s compras com uma mente moldada em um ambiente de caadores e coletores.O estudo da biologia evolutiva no se restringe s caractersticas fsicas selecionadas por meio de presses ambientais e sua contribuio para a sobrevivncia e reproduo de organismos. Caractersticas comportamentais tambm so selecionadas e h pouca ou nenhuma discordncia a esse respeito quando o no se trata de comportamentos da espcie homo sapiens. Mdulos mentais selecionados ao longo de um passado ancestral e no necessariamente adaptados ao mundo moderno influenciam, ainda que no percebidos, as decises de seres humanos em ambientes de compra. Mdulos mentais distintos como a atrao de parceiros ou flerte, sua manuteno e cuidado com a prole, a reputao e status perante o grupo e a resposta frente ameaas sobrevivncia, foram selecionados, tal qual caractersticas fsicas, por sua capacidade de resposta aos problemas recorrentes nesse passado ancestral.Vieses cognitivos, sintomas da irracionalidade que para os economistas comportamentais, desafiam os fundamentos da economia clssica, so, para a Psicologia Evolucionista, o resultado de uma racionalidade profunda selecionada em um ambiente ancestral para a resoluo de problemas recorrentes e no perfeitamente adaptada ao mundo atual. Os vieses de hoje so resultados da racionalidade que no passado promoveu adaptao e sobrevivncia.A Psicologia Evolucionista um campo de estudo que visa unificar os domnios da Teoria da Evoluo e da Psicologia Cognitiva procurando responder como um comportamento particular, cognio, emoo e/ou percepo constituiu uma soluo funcional para um problema adaptativo no passado evolutivo. A incorporao de princpios da Psicologia Evolucionista ao estudo do Comportamento do Consumidor oferece uma potencial meta teoria capaz de unificar os diversos subcampos da psicologia, contribuindo para a gerao e testes de hipteses que podem auxiliar na compreenso de fenmenos de consumo universais, em tendncias de consumo distintas dados estmulos que evoquem cada um dos mdulos mentais e no entendimento de decises de consumo em diferentes fases de nossa vida.O estudo da Psicologia Evolucionista pode, luz do carter integrativo do campo de Comportamento do Consumidor, oferecer subsdios baseados em nosso passado evolutivo para a elaborao e teste de hipteses referentes ao desencadeamento de emoes, processo decisrio e diferenas comportamentais em ambientes de compra.Apresentamos nesse ensaio, os pressupostos da Psicologia Evolucionista, fundamentados a partir dos estudos de Darwin e do surgimento das correntes comportamentais darwinistas, suas principais contribuies j publicadas no campo do Comportamento do Consumidor e desenvolvemos doze proposies de pesquisa.
Penology at source: Francis Lieber
Authors: Całkowska Karolina
Published: January 2018

The first half of the 19th century was the time of the American penitentiary solutions rising. New look at the penalty of imprisonment caused that from the end of the 18th century, so right after the first modern American separate system prison was built in Wallnut (1790) travels of representatives of European countries visiting new US penitentiary establishments have been widely spreaded. Theoretical travels in search of the best prison solutions. Reports from the prison reformers were produced, and the discussions around them were accompanied by the development of a modern scientific discourse on prison and the penitentiary system that was being created at that time. The first wave of these trips took place at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, document it in particular, the reports of the French F. A. F. La Raochefoucauld-Liancourt (1796), Englishman J. Turnbull (1797), Pole J.U. Niemcewicz (1807) . The intensification of these journeys took place after 1830, when the second type of separate system (the Auburn system) developed in America. During this time, reports of visits to American prisons were published, among others, by leading reformers of the prison, particularly considered to be the creator of the German prison science N.H. Julius (1833), or W. Crawford from England .
A Modified Radial Basis Function Method for Predicting Debris Flow Mean Velocity
Authors: Yang Wenmin
Published: January 2018

This study focused on a model for predicting debris flow mean velocity. A total of 50 debris flow events were investigated in the Jiangjia gully. A modified radial basis function (MRBF) neural network was developed for predicting the debris flow mean velocity in the Jiangjia gully. A three-dimensional total error surface was used for establishing the predicting model. A back propagation (BP) neural network and the modified Manning formula (MMF) were used as benchmarks. Finally, the sensitivity degrees of five variables that influence debris flow velocity were analyzed. The results show that the mean error and the relative mean error of the 10 testing samples were only 0.31 m/s and 5.92%, respectively. This proves that the MRBF method performed very well in predicting debris flow mean velocity. Gradient of channel and unstable layer thickness have a greater impact on debris flow mean velocity than the other three influencing variables. This proves that the proposed MRBF neural network is reliable in predicting debris flow mean velocity.
Catalytic and Thermal Decarboxylation of Mg-Zn Basic Soap to Produce Drop-in Fuel in Diesel Boiling Ranges
Authors: Neonufa Godlief F. , Soerawidjaja Tatang H. , Prakoso Tirto
Published: January 2018

Fatty acid deoxygenation is a method for producing renewable hydrocarbon fuels such as green diesel, jet biofuel and biogasoline. In the present commercial method, deoxygenation is directly applied to vegetable oils through liquid phase hydrotreatment. This method is expensive because it consumes a large amount of hydrogen and requires severe operating conditions. The objective of this study was the production of a diesel-like hydrocarbon fuel that can be considered as drop-in replacement for petroleum-based diesel fuels, by catalytic thermal decarboxylation of Mg-Zn basic soap. In particular, this study investigated the decarboxylation of Mg-Zn basic soap at low temperature and pressure, without external supply of hydrogen. The Mg-Zn basic soap (9/1 mole ratio of Mg/Zn) was derived from palm stearin and decarboxylated at 350 °C and atmospheric pressure for 5 hours. The basic soap effectively decarboxylated, yielding a diesel-like hydrocarbon fuel with a liquid product yield of 62%-weight. The resulting hydrocarbon product is a complex mixture consisting of normal paraffins in the range of carbon chain length C8"“C19, iso-paraffins and various olefin products.
Crashworthiness Design for an Electric City Car against Side Pole Impact
Authors: Setiawan Rachman , Salim Mohammad Rusyad
Published: January 2018

Electric vehicles are increasingly popular as an alternative to fossil fuel vehicles. The presence of batteries and electric motors poses different risks in collision accidents. The deformation of the batteries could spark a fire or explosion that in turn could endanger the passengers. The prototype of an Indonesian electric city car is currently being developed, which includes a battery pack located underneath the passenger compartment and electric motors in the front compartment. A crashworthiness design against side pole impact, in accordance with the Euro NCAP standard, was simulated numerically. In order to reduce the risk of battery explosion, an impact energy absorbing structure is proposed for implementation at the sides of the batteries. The structure of the four-passenger hatchback electric city car was modeled using all-shell elements with material properties for common automotive application and analyzed using the finite element method with dynamic plasticity capability. For the preliminary design, the minimum deformation of the batteries that can cause battery explosion was used as the failure criteria. From a number of design alternatives, the use of aluminum foam as impact energy absorber produced sufficient protection for the battery pack against side pole impact, hence effectively reducing the risk to an acceptable limit.
Investigating Self-Efficacy, Anxiety, Attitudes and Mathematics Achievement Regarding Gender and School Type
Authors: Recber Senol , Isiksal Mine , Koc Yusuf
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among seventh grade students’ mathematics self-efficacy, mathematics anxiety, attitudes towards mathematics, and mathematics achievement with respect to gender and school type. In order to examine the difference in self-efficacy, anxiety, attitude and achievement in terms of gender and school type, and two-way ANOVA were performed. In addition, multiple regression analysis was run to investigate the role of mathematics self-efficacy, anxiety, attitude, gender and school type on predicting mathematics achievement of seventh grade students. Results revealed that there was a significant main effect of gender on mean self-efficacy scores, attitude scores, anxiety scores and mathematics achievement. However, school type did not have significant main effect on mean self-efficacy scores, anxiety scores, and achievement scores but have significant effect on attitude scores. It is believed that explaining differences in mathematics performance of students with the help of emotional parameters will give valuable implications for the teachers.
Estudio descriptivo longitudinal y de concordancia diagnóstica entre Atención Primaria y Psicología del Programa de Soporte a Atención Primaria. Abstract
Authors: Garcia-Pedrajas Cristina , Marsó Bayona Espe , Pérez Ibáñez Olga , Ochoa Guerre Susana , Ventura Fornas Cristina
Published: January 2018

Background: The objective was to describe the characteristics of a primary support program (PSP) and to analyze diagnostic concordance between primary care physicians (PCP) and psychologists over three years. Material and method: A descriptive, longitudinal prospective study over three years at five primary care centers in Barcelona. The sample was 1722 patients referred to psychology services. Descriptive statistics used to analyze sociodemographic variables and Cohen's Kappa to assess agreement. Results: The average waiting time between referral and first visit was 37.54 days. Stable over the three years were the number of highs (34%), the number of cases of not presenting to first visit (21.4%), treatment dropout (19.9%), and referrals to other services (19.5%). There was a low overall concordance between PCP and psychologist. PCP most frequently diagnosed anxiety disorder. Psychologists most frequently diagnosed depression and anxiety. The highest concordance (2010:  0.343, 2011: 0.456, 2012: 0.662 Kappa Index) was observed in the diagnosis of eating behavior disorders followed by depression (2010: 0.302, 2011: 0.367, 2012: 0.362) and anxiety (2010: 0.245, 2011: 0.278, 2012: 0.296). Conclusions: PSP offers specialized brief interventions in primary care. Progressive increase of slight concordance was observed between professionals, while remaining close to the baseline percentage, indicating the need for increased opportunities for consultation.
Intervención psicológica escalonada con trastornos mentales comunes en Atención Primaria.
Authors: Martín Julio César , Garriga Ascensión , Egea Carmen , Diaz Gonzalo , Campillo María-Josefa , Espinosa Rosa María
Published: January 2018

A model of psychological intervention for common mental disorders in Primary Care is analized. Two clinical psychologists and four resident psychologists interviewed 566 users to treat mild to moderate anxiety / depression disorders, bereavement or nonorganic insomnia disorders. Standardized assessment leads to a stepped intervention: indication of no treatment, brief group or individual intervention in Primary Care Center (PCC) or referral to Mental Health.

Socio-demographic and clinical variables describe the sample and allow comparison betwen groups. Of the 566 interviewees, the mean age was 37 years, 70% were women, 50% with psychopharmacological treatment and 10% on sick leave. The steps of intervention were: 19% were intervention indication of no treatment, 71% PCC intervention and 10% were referred to Mental Health. Adaptive, emotional and generalized anxiety disorders were predominant, with significant differences between centers depending on the location and clinical psychologist integration mode in PCC.

Integrating the clinical psychologist in PCC improve access to psychological interventions and reduces mild to moderate mental disorders medication. Assessment prevents unnecessary treatment onset and increases the likelihood of appropriate treatment indications, which is cost-effective.
FROM HUME’S “DELICACY” TO CONTEMPORARY ART
Authors: Sejten Anne
Published: January 2018

David Hume’s essay “Of the Standard of Taste” (1757)—which represents a major step towards clarifying eighteenth-century philosophy’s dawning aesthetics in terms of taste—also relates closely to literal, physical taste. From the analogy between gustatory and critical taste, Hume, apt at judging works of art, puts together a contradictory argument of subjectivism (taste is individual and varies from person to person) and the normativity of common sense (the test of time shows that some works of art are better than others). However, a careful reading of the text unveils a way of appealing to art criticism as a vital component in edifying a philosophically more solid standard of taste. Hume’s emphatic references to a requisite “delicacy” complicate the picture, for it is not clear what this delicacy is, but a close inspection of how Hume frames the criterion of delicacy by means of “practice” and the absence of “prejudice” might perhaps challenge us to address issues of contemporary art.
REVIEW: RICHARD SHUSTERMAN, THE ADVENTURES OF THE MAN IN GOLD. PATHS BETWEEN ART AND LIFE
Authors: Snævarr Stefán
Published: January 2018

When Richard Shusterman burst on the academic scene some decades ago he quickly became the golden boy of aesthetics. Now in his late sixties he is hardly a boy anymore, but possibly a golden oldie. Nevertheless, he is still prone to boyish pranks as can be seen in parts of his new book, The Adventures of the Man in Gold. Paths between Art and Life.
Qué sabe el alumnado de secundaria sobre la Unión Europea? Implicaciones para el aprendizaje
Authors: Santana-Vega Lidia E. , Feliciano-García Luis
Published: January 2018

El desarrollo de la Dimensión Europea en la Educación es un objetivo vinculado a la construcción de la identidad europea y al ejercicio de una ciudadanía activa crítica y responsable. El artículo analiza el conocimiento de los estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria sobre la Unión Europea. En el estudio participaron 705 alumnos de cinco centros de educación secundaria obligatoria de cuatro comunidades autónomas españolas. Se diseñó una prueba de veinticuatro ítems sobre: a) las instituciones europeas, b) la historia de la cooperación europea, c) la ciudadanía Europea, d) Europa en la vida cotidiana, e) la identidad social y cultural, y f) derechos humanos y responsabilidades. Los resultados muestran que: a) el 80.3% de los alumnos contestaron correctamente catorce o menos ítems; b) existen diferencias significativas entre los alumnos en función del curso y de la comunidad autónoma, pero el tamaño del efectos es pequeño; c) los alumnos carecen de conocimientos sobre “Europa en la vida cotidiana”, “la Ciudadanía Europea”, “la Historia de la cooperación europea” y “las Instituciones europeas”. Se discute la necesidad de diseñar una propuesta curricular transversal.
Sciences of walking: a history of locomotion research
Authors: Mayer Andreas
Published: January 2018

Most people consider walking to be a natural and self-evident activity of everyday life. However, this familiarity turns out to be fragile in the face of the question "Do you know how you walk?" The mechanism of walking has puzzled scientists, doctors and writers for a long time. In my book Wissenschaft vom Gehen (Fischer, 2013), I have tried to provide a historical account of those forms of investigations of the human gait, some of the famous, others marginal and largely forgotten, that emerged at the intersection of a variety of disciplines (physiology, neurology, orthopedic surgery, anthropology, psychiatry) since the late 18th century. In my paper, I retrace – in five steps – the historical career of the sciences of walking throughout the 19th century.
Forensic analysis of video steganography tools
Authors: Sloan Thomas , Hernandez-Castro Julio
Published: January 2018

Steganography is the art and science of concealing information in such a way that only the sender and intended recipient of a message should be aware of its presence. Digital steganography has been used in the past on a variety of media including executable files, audio, text, games and, notably, images. Additionally, there is increasing research interest towards the use of video as a media for steganography, due to its pervasive nature and diverse embedding capabilities. In this work, we examine the embedding algorithms and other security characteristics of several video steganography tools. We show how all feature basic and severe security weaknesses. This is potentially a very serious threat to the security, privacy and anonymity of their users. It is important to highlight that most steganography users have perfectly legal and ethical reasons to employ it. Some common scenarios would include citizens in oppressive regimes whose freedom of speech is compromised, people trying to avoid massive surveillance or censorship, political activists, whistle blowers, journalists, etc. As a result of our findings, we strongly recommend to cease any use of these tools, and to remove any contents that may have been hidden, and any carriers stored, exchanged and/or uploaded online. For many of these tools, carrier files will be trivial to detect, potentially compromising any hidden data and the parties involved in the communication. We finish this work by presenting our steganalytic results, that highlight a very poor current state of the art in practical video steganography tools. There is unfortunately a complete lack of secure and publicly available tools, and even commercial tools offer very poor security. We therefore encourage the steganography community to work towards the development of more secure and accessible video steganography tools, and make them available for the general public. The results presented in this work can also be seen as a useful resource for forensic examiners to determine the existence of any video steganography materials over the course of a computer forensic investigation.
Mammalian bone palaeohistology: new data and a survey
Authors: Kolb Christian , Scheyer Torsten M. , Veitschegger Kristof , Forasiepi Analia M. , Amson Eli , van der Geer Alexandra A.E. , van den Hoek Ostende Lars W. , Hayashi Shoji , Sánchez-Villagra Marcelo R.
Published: January 2018

The interest in mammalian palaeohistology has increased dramatically in the last two decades. Starting in 1849 via descriptive approaches, it has been demonstrated that bone tissue and vascularisation types correlate with several biological variables such as ontogenetic stage, growth rate, and ecology. Mammalian bone displays a large variety of bone tissues and vascularisation patterns reaching from lamellar or parallel-fibred to fibrolamellar or woven-fibred bone, depending on taxon and individual age. Here we systematically review the knowledge and methods on mammalian bone and palaeohistology and discuss potential future research fields and techniques. We present new data on the bone microstructure of two extant marsupial species and of several extinct continental and island placental mammals. Three juvenile specimens of the dwarf island hippopotamid Hippopotamus minor from the Late Pleistocene of Cyprus show reticular to plexiform fibrolamellar bone. The island murid Mikrotia magna from the Late Miocene of Gargano, Italy displays parallel-fibred primary bone with reticular vascularisation being pervaded by irregular secondary osteons in the central part of the cortex. Leithia sp., the dormouse from the Pleistocene of Sicily, is characterised by a primary bone cortex consisting of lamellar bone and low vascularisation. The bone cortex of the fossil continental lagomorph Prolagus oeningensis and three fossil species of insular Prolagus displays parallel-fibred primary bone and reticular, radial as well as longitudinal vascularisation. Typical for large mammals, secondary bone in the giant rhinocerotoid Paraceratherium sp. from the Miocene of Turkey is represented by dense Haversian bone. The skeletochronological features of Sinomegaceros yabei, a large-sized deer from the Pleistocene of Japan closely related to Megaloceros, indicate a high growth rate. These examples and the critical summary of existing data show how bone microstructure can reveal essential information on life history evolution. The bone tissue and the skeletochronological data of the sampled island species show that there is no universal modification of bone tissue and life history specific to insular species.
Assessing similarity: a semantic approach to non-evolutionary comparative homology
Authors: Vogt Lars
Published: January 2018

The concept of phylogenetic homology has been criticized of involving circular argumentation resulting from a methodological gap between its ontological definition and its empirical recognition criteria. Based on the role of similarity for the recognition of phylogenetic homologues I argue that phylogenetic homology presupposes non-evolutionary comparative homology. Due to their use of Platonic ideals, archetypes and the requirement of the a priori assumption of a stable positional reference system, pre-Darwinian notions of homology cannot be used in this context. Based on Young's concept of comparative homology, I suggest a similarity-based procedure for recognizing comparative homologues that utilizes a semantic framework. This approach circumvents the problems of the pre-Darwinian notions of comparative homology and provides the so far lacking conceptual basis for the application of recognition criteria of phylogenetic homology, adding the missing link to the logical chain for assessing phylogenetic homology and closing the methodological gap between its ontological definition and its epistemological recognition criteria. This approach to comparative homology provides an essential methodological framework for generalizing over individual organisms and identifying and demarcating anatomical structural kinds. It thus represents an important contribution to the theoretical and methodological foundation of both morphology and comparative biology.
Efficiently extracting full parse trees using regular expressions with capture groups
Authors: Schwarz Niko , Karper Aaron , Nierstrasz Oscar
Published: January 2018

Regular expressions with capture groups offer a concise and natural way to define parse trees over the text that they are parsing, however classical algorithms only return a single match for each capture group, not the full parse tree. We describe an algorithm based on finite-state automata that extracts full parse trees from text in Θ (n,m) time and Θ(dn + m) space (where n is the size of the text, m the size of the pattern, and d the number of groups in the pattern). It is the first to do so in a single pass with complete control over greediness. This allows the algorithm to process streaming data using all constructs familiar to users of regular expressions.
Is HTTP/2 more energy efficient than HTTP/1.1 for mobile users?
Authors: Chowdhury Shaiful Alam , Sapra Varun , Hindle Abram
Published: January 2018

Recent technological advancements have enabled mobile devices to provide mobile users with substantial capability and accessibility. Energy is evidently one of the most critical resources for such devices; in spite of the substantial gain in popularity of mobile devices, such as smartphones, their utility is severely constrained by battery life. Mobile users are very interested in accessing the Internet while it is one of the most expensive operations in terms of energy and cost. HTTP/2 has been proposed and accepted as the new standard for supporting the World Wide Web. HTTP/2 is expected to offer better performance, such as reduced page load time. Consequently, from the mobile users point of view, question arises: Does HTTP/2 offer improved energy consumption performance achieving longer battery life?In this paper, we compare the energy consumption of HTTP/2 with its predecessor (i.e., HTTP/1.1) using a variety of real world and synthetic test scenarios. We also investigate how Transport Layer Security (TLS) impacts the energy consumption of the mobile devices. Our study suggests that Round Trip Time (RTT) is one of the biggest factors in deciding how advantageous is HTTP/2 compared to HTTP/1.1. We conclude that for networks with higher RTTs, HTTP/2 has better energy consumption performance than HTTP/1.1.
Evidence of macrophagous teleosaurids in the Corallian Group (Oxfordian, Late Jurassic) of the UK
Authors: Foffa Davide , Young Mark T , Brusatte Stephen L
Published: January 2018

Teleosaurids were a semi-aquatic group of crocodylomorphs with a fossil record that spanned the Jurassic Period. Abundant specimens are known from Oxford Clay (OCF, Callovian to lower Oxfordian) and Kimmeridge Clay (KCF, Kimmeridgian to lower Tithonian) Formations of the UK, and contemporaneous deposits in northern France. Unfortunately, due to the paucity of material from the intermediate ‘Corallian Gap’(middle to upper Oxfordian), we lack an understanding of how and why teleosaurid taxic abundance and diversity declined from the OCF to the KCF. Our discovery of an incomplete teleosaurid lower jaw from the Corallian of Weymouth (Dorset, UK) begins to help rectify this. The vertically oriented dentition, blunt tooth apices, and intense enamel ornamentation that shifts apical to an anastomosed pattern, and deep reception pits on dentary unambiguously demonstrates the affinity of this specimen with a sub-clade of macrophagous/durophagous teleosaurids ('Steneosaurus' obtusidens + Machimosaurus>). The high symphyseal tooth count allows us to exclude the specimen from M. hugii and M. mosae, but in absence of more diagnostic material we cannot unambiguously assign the specimen to a more specific level. Nevertheless, this specimen represents the first UK mandibular material referable to Teleosauridae from this poorly known time-span.
Poster abstracts of GCB 2015
Authors: Eisenacher Martin , Rahnenführer Jörg , Mosig Axel , Rahmann Sven
Published: January 2018

The German Conference on Bioinformatics (GCB) is an annual research conference bringing together researchers and practitioners in bioinformatics in Central Europe.

The poster session is and always has been an important part of GCB, as it gives an excellent overview of current bioinformatics research topics in Germany and other countries.At GCB 2015, there will be 57 posters on display, whose abstracts (together with the poster number) are collected in the present document. Poster prizes will be presented to the presenting author(s) of the best posters, as selected by the program committee.
Ant-mediated seed dispersal in a warmed world
Authors: Stuble Katharine L. , Patterson Courtney M. , Rodriguez-Cabal Mariano A. , Ribbons Relena R. , Dunn Robert R. , Sanders Nathan J.
Published: January 2018

Climate change affects communities both directly and indirectly via changes in interspecific interactions. One such interaction that may be altered under climate change is the ant-plant seed dispersal mutualism common in deciduous forests of the eastern US. As climatic warming alters the abundance and activity levels of ants, the potential exists for shifts in rates of ant-mediated seed removal. We used an experimental temperature manipulation at two sites in the eastern US (Harvard Forest in Massachusetts and Duke Forest in North Carolina) to examine the potential impacts of climatic warming on overall rates of seed dispersal (using Asarum canadense seeds) as well as species-specific rates of seed dispersal at the Duke Forest site. We also examined the relationship between ant critical thermal maxima (CTmax) and the mean seed removal temperature for each ant species. We found that seed removal rates did not change as a result of experimental warming at either study site, nor were there any changes in species-specific rates of seed dispersal. There was, however, a positive relationship between CTmax and mean seed removal temperature, whereby species with higher CTmax removed more seeds at hotter temperatures. The temperature at which seeds were removed was influenced by experimental warming as well as diurnal and day-to-day fluctuations in temperature. Taken together, our results suggest that while temperature may play a role in regulating seed removal by ants, ant plant seed-dispersal mutualisms may be more robust to climate change than currently assumed.
Analyzing Machupo virus-receptor binding by molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Meyer Austin G , Sawyer Sara L , Ellington Andrew D , Wilke Claus O
Published: January 2018

In many biological applications, we would like to be able to computationally predict mutational effects on affinity in protein-­protein interactions. However, many commonly used methods to predict these effects perform poorly in important test cases. In particular, the effects of multiple mutations, non­alanine substitutions, and flexible loops are difficult to predict with available tools and protocols. We present here an existing method applied in a novel way to a new test case; we interrogate affinity differences resulting from mutations in a host-­virus protein-­protein interface. We use steered molecular dynamics (SMD) to computationally pull the machupo virus (MACV) spike glycoprotein (GP1) away from the human transferrin receptor (hTfR1). We then approximate affinity using the maximum applied force of separation and the area under the force-­versus-­distance curve. We find, even without the rigor and planning required for free energy calculations, that these quantities can provide novel biophysical insight into the GP1/hTfR1 interaction. First, with no prior knowledge of the system we can differentiate among wild type and mutant complexes. Moreover, we show that this simple SMD scheme correlates well with relative free energy differences computed via free energy perturbation. Second, although the static co-­crystal structure shows two large hydrogen-­bonding networks in the GP1/hTfR1 interface, our simulations indicate that one of them may not be important for tight binding. Third, one viral site known to be critical for infection may mark an important evolutionary suppressor site for infection-­resistant hTfR1 mutants. Finally, our approach provides a framework to compare the effects of multiple mutations, individually and jointly, on protein-protein interactions.
Effects of early and late cheiloplasty on anterior part of maxillary dental arch development in infants with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate
Authors: Valentová-Strenáčiková Silvia V , Malina Radovan
Published: January 2018

Objectives. The objective of this study is to compare the impact of early and late reconstruction of complete unilateral cleft lip and palate on the growth and development of the front of the dentoalveolar arch. Methods. This study was carried out in the years 2012 - 2015 at the Clinic of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery in Banska Bystrica. Infants with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate were divided into 2 groups according to the timing of lip reconstruction. Group A consisted of infants with early lip reconstruction - realised in the first 14 days of life. Group B consisted of infants with later lip reconstruction - realised in the third month of age. Maxillary dental casts were obtained for each child in four periods – in the first 14 days of life, in the third month, in the sixth month and in the age of one year. These were followed by the identification, measurement and evaluation of anthropometric parameters. Results. Significant differences were occurred after the reconstruction of the lips in linear and angle measurements between infants in the A and B groups. Conclusion. The early surgical reconstruction of the lips in the first 14 days of life has a positive effect on the growth and development of the anterior segment of the dentoalveolar arch. Early lip reconstruction forms a continuous pressure on the frontal segment, resulting in the earlier remedy of anatomical properties and creates appropriate conditions for the best development of this area.
The economic impact of failures in plant protection to New Zealand
Authors: Saunders John T , Saunders Caroline M , Buwalda James G , Gerard Pip J , Bourdôt Graeme W , Wratten Stephen D , Goldson Stephen L
Published: January 2018

Plant weeds, pests and diseases comprise significant threats to pastoral agriculture in New Zealand. The extent of damage incurred by New Zealand’s agricultural industry from these weed and pest threats varies significantly depending on the response implemented, and the technologies available. This paper assesses the projected economic impact of three individual potential failures in plant protection, specifically the spread of clover root weevil, giant buttercup and glassy-winged sharpshooter across New Zealand, and the potential mitigation of economic loss caused by these failures through various response methods. This assessment is carried out with the use of a national-level agricultural production and value model, based on data from the Ministry for Primary Industries farm models and the Lincoln Trade and Environment Model, an international trade and environment model. The model projects economic impact on agriculture until 2030, comparing the differences in economic impact between business as usual without the advent of each threat and then with the advent of each threat alongside various potential responses. The modelled responses cover firstly the most probable responses, and secondly the use of biological control agents, in the form of a parasitoid or bio-herbicide control. The results show that biological controls offer the most effective and feasible responses to the modelled threats to pastoral agriculture compared with other responses.
Summertime dosage-dependent hypersensitivity to an angiotensin II receptor blocker
Authors: Forsdyke Donald R
Published: January 2018

Background: Summertime dips in blood pressure (BP), both in normotensive and hypertensive subjects, are well known. However, the dips are small and are not related to particular forms or doses of antihypertensive medication. Nevertheless it is the practice in some quarters to decrease antihypertensive medication in summer, and/or to increase in winter. Large scale studies being inconclusive, there are calls for long-term examination of the relationship between environmental temperature and blood pressure in single individuals under medication.

Case presentation: While analyzing data from a subject whose BP had been controlled for a decade with the angiotensin-II receptor blocker losartan, an extreme, dosage-dependent, summertime dip came to light. Downward dosage adjustment appeared essential and may have prevented hypotension-related pathology.

Conclusion: The benefits of aggressive medication (the "J curve" phenomenon) being debated, the possibility of seasonal hypersensitivity, explicable in terms of differential signaling by countervailing receptors, should be taken into account when considering dosage adjustments in hypertensive subjects.
Testing a new idea to solve the P = NP problem with mathematical induction
Authors: Huang Yubin
Published: January 2018

Background. P and NP are two classes (sets) of languages in Computer Science. An open problem is whether P = NP. This paper tests a new idea to compare the two language sets and attempts to prove that these two language sets consist of same languages by elementary mathematical methods and basic knowledge of Turing machine. Methods. By introducing a filter function C(M,w) that is the number of configurations which have more than one children (nondeterministic moves) in the shortest accept computation path of a nondeterministic Turing machine M for input w, for any language L(M) ∈ NP, we can define a series of its subsets, Li(M) = {w | w ∈ L(M) ∧ C(M,w) ≤ i}, and a series of the subsets of NP as Li = {Li(M) | ∀M ∙ L(M) ∈ NP}. The nondeterministic multi-tape Turing machine is used to bridge two language sets Li and Li+1, by simulating the (i+1)-th nondeterministic move deterministically in multiple work tapes, to reduce one (the last) nondeterministic move. Results. The main result is that, with the above methods, the language set Li+1, which seems more powerful, can be proved to be a subset of Li. This result collapses Li ⊆ P for all i ∈ N. With NP = ⋃i∈NLi, it is clear that NP ⊆ P. Because by definition P ⊆ NP, we have P = NP. Discussion. There can be other ways to define the subsets Li and prove the same result. The result can be extended to cover any sets of time functions C, if ∀f ∙ f ∈ C ⇒ f2 ∈ C, then DTIME(C) = NTIME(C). This paper does not show any ways to find a solution in P for the problem known in NP.
A novel method to determine perineal artery occlusion among male bicyclists
Authors: Parthiban Sujeeth , Hotaling James M , Kathrins Martin , Baftiri Amit P , Freels Sally , Niederberger Craig S
Published: January 2018

Background: Perineal pressure due to bicycle riding has been associated with erectile dysfunction. We developed a novel method to measure the occlusive force exerted over the perineal arteries and determined perineal artery occlusion by a variety of seat designs. Methods: Doppler ultrasonography facilitated perineal artery localization and determination of the force required for perineal artery occlusion in 20 healthy men. Flexiforce® sensors were affixed over the proximal and distal aspects of the perineal arteries bilaterally. Individuals completed bicycle rides in the road- and stationary-settings with six distinct seat designs. , including those with and without an anterior “nose”. Results: The occlusion time proportion of the total ride time was calculated for each trial. The overall occlusion time proportion was 0.59 (95% CI 0.45-0.73) across all seats and settings. The “no-nose” bicycle seat and the stationary-setting demonstrated significantly lower occlusion proportion times than the traditional nose bicycle seat and road-setting, respectively. However, all bicycle seats yielded an occlusion time proportion of 0.41 or greater. Discussion: Our method of real-time, non-invasive force measurement localized to the perineal arteries may be used to validate future bicycle seat design. It also underscores the significant risk of perineal artery insufficiency in men who are avid bicyclists. This risk may be minimized by using newer “no-nose” bicycle seats.
Snake venomics of Bothrops punctatus, a semi-arboreal pitviper species from Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Fernández Culma Maritza , Pereañez Jaime A , Núñez Rangel Vitelbina , Lomonte Bruno
Published: January 2018

Bothrops punctatus is an endangered, semi-arboreal pitviper species distributed in Panamá, Colombia, and Ecuador, whose venom is poorly characterized. In the present work, the protein composition of this venom was profiled using the 'snake venomics' analytical strategy. Decomplexation of the crude venom by RP-HPLC and SDS-PAGE, followed by tandem mass spectrometry of tryptic digests, showed that it consists of proteins assigned to at least nine snake toxin families. Metalloproteinases are predominant in this secretion (41.5% of the total proteins), followed by C-type lectin/lectin-like proteins (16.7%), bradykinin-potentiating peptides (10.7%), phospholipases A2 (9.3%), serine proteinases (5.4%), disintegrins (3.8%), L-amino acid oxidases (3.1%), vascular endothelial growth factors (1.7%), and cysteine-rich secretory proteins (1.2%). Altogether, 6.6% of the proteins were not identified. In vitro, the venom exhibited proteolytic, phospholipase A2, and L-amino acid oxidase activities, as well as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity, in agreement with the obtained proteomic profile. Cytotoxic activity on murine C2C12 myoblasts was negative, suggesting that the majority of venom phospholipases A2 likely belong to the acidic type, which often lack major toxic effects. The protein composition of B. punctatus venom shows a good correlation with toxic activities here and previously reported, and adds further data in support of the wide diversity of strategies that have evolved in snake venoms to subdue prey, as increasingly being revealed by proteomic analyses.
Sibutramine antinociceptive effect in female rodents is not dependent on catecholaminergic signaling
Authors: Sales Maria , Figueiredo Karolinne S , Fontenele Juvenia B , Viana Glauce SB , Felix Francisco HC
Published: January 2018

​Sibutramine has a mechanism of action similar to that of antidepressants used as analgesics (like duloxetine). Limited data exists regarding the analgesic action of sibutramine. We tested increasing doses of p.o. sibutramine (0.1, 0.5, 1.5, 5.0 mg/kg) in the writhing test in female mice and in the plantar thermal hyperalgesia induced by carrageenan in female rats. The results showed a statistically significant (p<0.001) dose-response antinociceptive effect of sibutramine in these models, with a maximum effect comparable to the effect of a high dose of ASA (200 mg/kg) in mice and amitriptyline (10mg/kg) or indomethacin (10mg/kg) in rats. Rotarod test with sibutramine-treated rats ruled out motor impairment. Sibutramine-induced antinociception was not reverted by reserpine or yohimbine pre-treatment, suggesting that catecholamines and alpha-2-adrenoceptors are not involved in this effect.