bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) plus enfortumab vedotin (EV) for metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) progressing on platinum-based chemotherapy and PD1/L1 inhibitors (ICB): Double antibody drug conjugate (DAD) phase I trial.
Authors: McGregor Bradley Alexander , Kwak Lucia , Mantia Charlene , Ravi Arvind , Berchuck Jacob E , Ravi Praful , Xu Wenxin , Tuff Martha , Bellmunt Joaquim , Gao Xin , Sunkara Rajitha , Sonpavde Guru P.
Published: February 2022

TPS588

Background: There have been multiple advances in therapy of advanced urothelial carcinoma following platinum and ICB; SG and EV are both FDA approved in this space though durations of response are short and overall survival limited at < 13 months. Given different mechanisms of action, non-overlapping toxicities and potential for synergy, EV and SG is hypothesized to have manageable toxicities and demonstrate additive anti-tumor activity. Methods: NCT04724018 is a single-center (Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center), open-label, non-randomized phase I trial using a Bayesian Optimal Interval design. SG and EV agents are administered intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks (1 cycle) until progression or intolerable toxicities. Laboratory evaluation is performed on days 1 and 8 every cycle with additional blood collected throughout treatment for pharmacokinetic and antidrug antibody studies. Imaging is performed at baseline and every 6 weeks for the first 4 cycles followed by every 9 weeks thereafter. Up to 4 dose levels of the combination of SG and EV are studied with a starting dose of SG of 8 mg/kg and EV of 1 mg/kg (dose level 1) with additional dose escalations outlined in table. Dose de-escalation of SG to 6 mg/kg with the starting dose of EV 1 mg/kg (dose level -1) is permitted. A total of 3 to 18 patients are expected to be enrolled in current dose level depending on dose limiting toxicities (DLTs). DLT is assessed during cycle 1 of therapy and toxicities are captured up to 4 weeks after the last dose of therapy and being defined by ≥1 of the following: neutropenic fever, thrombocytopenic bleeding, grade 3 neuropathy, of any duration and any other grade ≥3 non-hematologic toxicity to include hyperglycemia (except alopecia) lasting >1 week or requiring >3 weeks interruption of therapy or dose reduction. The first patient per 3-patient cohort is required to complete 1 full cycle (3 weeks) before additional patients can be enrolled in that cohort. Therefore, up to 24 patients may be accrued. Trial continues to enroll at dose level one. Clinical trial information: NCT04724018. [Table: see text]
Acid Dissociation Constant of Bis(2-Ethylhexyl) Hydrogen Phosphate Impregnated in a Polymer Layer Coated on Silica Microparticles
Authors: Miyagawa Akihisa , Takeuchi Masayuki , Arai Tsuyoshi , Watanabe Sou , Sano Yuichi , Nakatani Kiyoharu
Published: February 2022

We demonstrate that apparent pKa of extractant impregnated in a polymer phase varies with the cross-linking degree and the coexistence of other extractants, which induces a change in the hydrophobicity of the polymer phase. The results presented herein will be beneficial for the development of novel solid-extraction adsorbents.
Contribution of fossil residual color patterns for the systematic and phylogenetic approach of the Tertiary to Recent gastropods
Authors: Ψαρράς Χρήστος
Published: February 2022

Τα Conidae είναι μια πολυποίκιλη οικογένεια σαρκοφάγων θαλάσσιων γαστερόποδων. Διαφοροποιήθηκαν γρήγορα κατά τη διάρκεια του Μειοκαίνου και σήμερα βρίσκονται σε τροπικές και υποτροπικές θάλασσες. Σε αυτό το διδακτορικό έργο γίνεται προσπάθεια να παρασχεθεί η πρώτη απογραφή απολιθωμένων κώνων από το ανώτερο Μειόκαινο της Κρήτης (Ελλάδα). Αυτό το έργο ασχολείται με τα γένη Conilithes και Conus, το τελευταίο συμπεριλαμβάνει τα υπογένη Kalloconus, Lautoconus, Plagioconus, Monteiroconus και Mioconus nov. subgen.. Χρησιμοποιώντας το υπεριώδες φως, περιγράφονται οι χρωματικές ποικίλσεις τριάντα τριών ειδών, εκ των οποίων έντεκα είναι νέα: Conilithes herodus sp. nov., Conus (Kalloconus) helladicus sp. nov., Conus (Kalloconus) asterousiaensis sp. nov., Conus (Lautoconus) ictini sp. nov., Conus (Lautoconus) protopyrulus sp. nov., Conus (Lautoconus) delriei sp. nov., Conus (Lautoconus) dicteus sp. nov., Conus (Mioconus) nov. subgen. damianakisi sp. nov., Conus (Mioconus) nov. subgen. davolii sp. nov., Conus (Plagioconus) symeonidisi sp. nov. και Conus (Monteiroconus) pseudoneumayri sp. nov.. Πέντε είδη περιγράφονται σε ανοιχτή ονοματολογία, εκ των οποίων το ένα ανήκει στα Conilithes και τέσσερα στα Conus (Lautoconus). Έντεκα είδη καταγράφονται για πρώτη φορά στο ανώτερο Μειόκαινο της Κρήτης: Conilithes brezinae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1879), Conilithes striatulus (Brocchi, 1814), Conus (Kalloconus) neumayri Hoernes & Auinger, 1879, Conus (Kalloconus) hendricksi (Harzhauser & Landau , 2016), Conus (Kalloconus) gulemani Erünal-Erentöz, 1958, Conus (Kalloconus) letkesensis (Harzhauser & Landau 2016), Conus (Lautoconus) cf. baldichieri Borson, 1820, Conus (Mioconus) nov. subgen. cf. taurinensis (Bellardi & Michelotti, 1841), Conus (Plagioconus) aquensis (d’Orbigny, 1852), Conus (Monteiroconus) daciae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1879) και Conus (Monteiroconus) hoernesi (Doderlein, 1863). Συνοψίζοντας τα αποτελέσματα αυτής της εργασίας, συζητείται η σημασία του υπεριώδους φωτός στην περιγραφή των απολιθωμένων Conidae, ως ένα εξίσου σημαντικό χαρακτηριστικό με τη μορφολογία του κελύφους. Ο πλούτος των ειδών στο Τορτόνιο της Κρήτης, αξιολογείται ως φυσιολογικός συγκριτικά με πρόσφατα δεδομένα από τροπικές πανίδες με Conidae. Τέλος, με τη βοήθεια του υπεριώδους φωτός, εμπλουτίζεται η εξελικτική ιστορία των Conidae της Δυτικής Αφρικής, συγκρίνοντας τα αρτίγονα είδη με αυτά της Κρήτης.
Μελέτη της έκφρασης των υποδοχέων των φυλετικών ορμονών στα παγκρεατικά νεοπλάσματα και συσχέτισή της με κλινικοπαθολογικά δεδομένα
Authors: Λυκούδης Παναγής
Published: February 2022

Υπόβαθρο: Η ανακάλυψη των δύο μορφών των οιστρογονικών υποδοχέων, κατέστησε απαραίτητη την επανεξέταση των ευρημάτων παλαιότερων μελετών και τον επανέλεγχο της έκφρασης των υποδοχέων σε όγκους που παλαιότερα θεωρούνταν αρνητικοί. Η μελέτη αυτή στόχευσε στην εκτίμηση της έκφρασης των δύο τύπων οιστρογονικών υποδοχέων ανάμεσα σε καλοήθεις και κακοήθεις παγκρεατικές βλάβες. Μέθοδος: Διεξήχθη μελέτη αντιστοίχισης περιστατικών μεταξύ καλοηθών και καοηθών παγκρεατικών βλαβών σε ασθενείς με όμοια ηλικία, φύλο και μέγεθος όγκου. Η έκφραση του ER-α και ER-β αξιολογήθηκε με μεθόδους ανοσοϊστοχημείας και βαθμολογήθηκε με βάση δύο καθιερωμένα συστήματα βαθμολόγησης. Στατιστική ανάλυση πραγματοποιήθηκε μεταξύ των δύο υποομάδων καθώς και με άλλους ιστολογικούς παράγοντες κι ογκολογικά αποτελέσματα. Αποτελέσματα: Δεκαέξι καλοήθεις βλάβες και 32 κακοήθεις βλάβες αναλύθηκαν. Ο ER-α ανιχνεύθηκε στο 31,25% των καλοηθών βλαβών και σε καμία κακοήθη βλάβη (p=0,003). Ο ER-β ανιχνεύθηκε στο 31,25% των καλοηθών βλαβών και στο 37,5% των κακοηθών βλαβών (p=0,757). Δεν ανευρέθηκε στατιστικά σημαντική διαφορά μεταξύ της έκφρασης του ER-β κι άλλων ιστολογικών ή κλινικών παραμέτρων. Συμπεράσματα: Τα παγκρεατικά αδενοκαρκινώματα δεν εκφράζουν τον ER-α, γεγονός που μπορεί να εξηγεί γιατί παλαιότερες σχετικές κλινικές μελέτες απέτυχαν, αλλά εκφράζουν τον ER-β σε αξιοσημείωτο ποσοστό, γεγονός που υποστηρίζει την ανάγκη για περαιτέρω μελέτες στο πεδίο.
Direct versus indirect restorations in the treatment of tooth wear: a report of two cases
Authors: Mehrabi Farima , Romeed Shihab
Published: February 2022

The process of tooth wear is multifactorial in aetiology, and when the progression has been considered excessive enough to be associated with aesthetic and functional concerns, appropriate assessment of each case and its treatment selection must be made, using evidence-based practice to treat such patients. Composite and ceramics are dental materials that have long been used for the restoration of patients with tooth wear. This article will explore the comparisons and rationale between direct and indirect methods and materials, using two rehabilitation cases as examples to show the impact of management of such patients. Although some cases may require a removable treatment option, this article will focus on non-removable options only.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article provides readers with an understanding of the selection criteria and utility values when deciding whether to restore a patient's dentition with indirect or direct materials.
Dentigerous cyst: a rapidly expanding swelling in a young patient
Authors: Cant Aisling , Sanghvi Risha , Patel Vinod , Siddik Dania
Published: February 2022

We present a case of a dentigerous cyst associated with an unerupted premolar tooth, and its surgical management in a 4-year-old child. Of note, 8 months prior to presentation, the patient was seen for extraction of multiple primary teeth under general anaesthesia. At the time of extraction, there were no signs of extra- or intra-oral mandibular swellings. Dentigerous cysts are one of the most common paediatric intra-osseous lesions. This case highlights the importance of taking a thorough dental history and the benefit of a multidisciplinary approach. This report also demonstrates the surgical management of this lesion, which included surgical excisional biopsy under general anaesthesia.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The reader should consider dentigerous cysts as a differential diagnosis in paediatric patients who present with dental swellings.
High and dry
Authors: Burke FJ Trevor
Published: February 2022

Being in a helpless or abandoned position ( Mirriam-Webster.com )
Support for struggling families
Authors: Oldman Crystal
Published: February 2022

The coming increases in energy prices and interest rates will lead to difficult choices for many. Crystal Oldman discusses the role of health visitors in raising the issue of families in poverty with their MPs
Mechanical effects of surgical variations in the femoral neck system on Pauwels type III femoral neck fracture
Authors: Jung Chang-Ho , Cha Yonghan , Yoon Ha Seung , Park Chan Ho , Yoo Jun-Il , Kim Jung-Taek , Jeon Yongho
Published: February 2022

Aims

In this study, we aimed to explore surgical variations in the Femoral Neck System (FNS) used for stable fixation of Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures.

Methods

Finite element models were established with surgical variations in the distance between the implant tip and subchondral bone, the gap between the plate and lateral femoral cortex, and inferior implant positioning. The models were subjected to physiological load.

Results

Under a load of single-leg stance, Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures fixed with 10 mm shorter bolts revealed a 7% increase of the interfragmentary gap. The interfragmentary sliding, compressive, and shear stress remained similar to models with bolt tips positioned close to the subchondral bone. Inferior positioning of FNS provided a similar interfragmentary distance, but with 6% increase of the interfragmentary sliding distance compared to central positioning of bolts. Inferior positioning resulted in a one-third increase in interfragmentary compressive and shear stress. A 5 mm gap placed between the diaphysis and plate provided stability comparable to standard fixation, with a 7% decrease of interfragmentary gap and sliding distance, but similar compressive and shear stress.

Conclusion

Finite element analysis with FNS on Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures revealed that placement of the bolt tip close to subchondral bone provides increased stability. Inferior positioning of FNS bolt increased interfragmentary sliding distance, compressive, and shear stress. The comparable stability of the fixation model with the standard model suggests that a 5 mm gap placed between the plate and diaphysis could viably adjust the depth of the bolt. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(2):102–111.
Risk perceptions and behaviors of actors in the wild animal value chain in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Lucas Ashley , Kumakamba Charles , Saylors Karen , Obel Erby , Kamenga Reggiani , Makuwa Maria , Clary Catherine , Miningue Guy , McIver David J. , Lange Christian E. , Kingebeni Placide Mbala , Muyembe-Tamfum Jean J.
Published: February 2022

In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) which contains the greatest area of the second largest rainforest on Earth, people have long been connected to the forest for subsistence and livelihood from wild animals and bushmeat. This qualitative study sought to characterize the bushmeat movement—from hunting wild animals to market sale—and the roles of participants in the animal value chain, as well as their beliefs surrounding zoonotic disease and occupational risk. Actors in in eight bushmeat markets and two ports in Kinshasa, DRC completed semi-structured interviews between 2016 and 2018 in which they expressed belief in transmission of illness from domestic animals to humans, but not from wild animals to humans. Wild animals were viewed as pure and natural, in contrast to domestic animals which were considered tainted by human interference. Participants reported cutting themselves during the process of butchering yet did not consider butchering bushmeat to be a risky activity. Instead, they adopted safety practices learned over time from butchering experts and taught themselves how to butcher in a fashion that reduced the frequency of cutting. In general, butcherers rejected the idea of personal protective equipment use. Port markets were identified as important access points for meat coming from the Congo river and plane transport was identified as important for fresh and live meat coming from Équateur province. Most participants reported having heard about Ebola, but their mistrust in government messaging privileged a word-of-mouth story of witchcraft to be propagated about Ebola’s origins. It is critical to better understand how public health messaging about outbreaks can successfully reach high risk communities, and to develop creative risk mitigation strategies for populations in regular contact with animal blood and body fluids. In this paper, we offer suggestions for formal and informal trusted channels through which health messages surrounding zoonotic risk could be conveyed to high-risk populations in Kinshasa.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of professionals in 77 hospitals in France
Authors: Fournier Alicia , Laurent Alexandra , Lheureux Florent , Ribeiro-Marthoud Marie Adèle , Ecarnot Fiona , Binquet Christine , Quenot Jean-Pierre
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant re-organisation of healthcare delivery in hospitals, with repercussions on all professionals working in healthcare. We aimed to assess the impact of the pandemic on the mental health of professionals working in health care institutions and to identify individual and environmental factors influencing the risk of mental health disorders. From 4 June to 22 September 2020, a total of 4370 professionals responded to an online questionnaire evaluating psychological distress, severity of post-traumatic stress symptoms, stress factors, and coping strategies. About 57% of the professionals suffered from psychological distress, and 21% showed symptoms of potential post-traumatic stress. Professionals working in radiology, those working in quality/hygiene/security and nurses’ aides were the most affected groups. The media focus on the crisis, and a high workload were the most prevalent stress factors, followed by uncertainty regarding the possibility of containing the epidemic, the constantly changing hygiene recommendations/protocols, and the lack of personal protective equipment. The use of coping strategies, notably positive thinking, helped to mitigate the relation between perceived stress and mental health disorders. The COVID-19 pandemic has had far-reaching negative repercussions for all professionals, with some sectors more markedly affected. To prevent mental health disorders in professionals during a public health crisis, support services and management strategies within hospitals should take account of the importance of positive thinking and social support.
Hot water immersion; potential to improve intermittent running performance and perception of in-game running ability in semi-professional Australian Rules Footballers?
Authors: Philp Calvin P. , Pitchford Nathan W. , Fell James W. , Kitic Cecilia M. , Buchheit Martin , Petersen Aaron C. , Minson Christopher T. , Visentin Denis C. , Watson Greig
Published: February 2022

This study investigated whether hot water immersion (HWI) could heat acclimate athletes and improve intermittent running performance and perception of in-game running ability, during a competitive Australian Rules Football (ARF) season. Fifteen male semi-professional ARF athletes (Mean (SD); age: 22 (3) years, height: 182.3 (6.5) cm, mass: 80.5 (5.1) kg) completed either HWI (HEAT, N = 8, 13 (2) sessions, 322 (69) min exposure, 39.5 (0.3) °C) or acted as a control (CON, N = 7, no water immersion) over 6-weeks. Athletes completed a 30–15 Intermittent Fitness Test pre and post-intervention to assess intermittent running performance (VIFT), with perception of in-game running ability measured. Heat acclimation was determined via change in resting plasma volume, as well as physiological and perceptual responses during HWI. HEAT elicited large PV expansion (mean ± 90% CI: d = 1.03 ± 0.73), large decreases in heart rate (d = -0.89 ± 0.70), thermal sensation (d = -2.30 ± 1.15) and tympanic temperature (d = -1.18 ± 0.77). Large improvements in VIFT were seen in HEAT (d = 1.67 ± 0.93), with HEAT showing a greater improvement in VIFT when compared to CON (d = 0.81 ± 0.88). HEAT also showed greater belief that in-game running ability improved post-intervention (d = 2.15 ± 1.09) compared to CON. A 6-week HWI intervention can elicit heat acclimation, improve perception of in-game running ability, and potentially improve VIFT in semi-professional ARF athletes.
Women empowerment and sexually transmitted infections: Evidence from Bangladesh demographic and health survey 2014
Authors: Jubayer Biswas Md Abdullah Al , Kafi Mohammad Abdullah , Hemel Muhammad Manwar Morshed , Ahmed Mondar Maruf Moin , Khan Sharful Islam
Published: February 2022

Background

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among women have led to substantial public health and economic burdens in several low-middle-income countries. However, there is a paucity of scientific knowledge about the relationship between empowerment and symptoms of STIs among married Bangladeshi women. This article aimed to examine the association between women empowerment and symptoms of STIs among currently married Bangladeshi women of reproductive age.

Materials and methods

We extracted data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), conducted from June 28, 2014, to November 9, 2014. We utilised cross-tabulation, the conceptual framework and multivariable multilevel mixed-effect logistics regression to explore the association between women’s empowerment indicators and women’s self-reported symptoms of genital sore and abnormal genital discharge. All of the analysis was adjusted using cluster weight.

Results

We found that among 16,858 currently married women, 5.59% and 10.84% experienced genital sores and abnormal genital discharge during the past 12 months, respectively. Women who depended on husbands to make decisions regarding their health care (AOR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.67–0.84), significant household purchases (AOR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.71–0.88), and visiting family or relatives (AOR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.64–0.80) were less likely to report signs of abnormal genital discharge. Women who could make joint healthcare decisions with their husbands were also less likely to report genital sores (AOR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.67–0.90).

Conclusion

Genital sores and abnormal genital discharge were prevalent across all parameters of women empowerment among currently married women in Bangladesh. Our estimates show that the husband plays a significant role in decision-making about sexual and reproductive health. Efforts need to be invested in establishing culturally relevant gender policies which facilitate the involvement of women in joint decision-making.
Characterising COVID-19 empirical research production in Latin America and the Caribbean: A scoping review
Authors: Mansilla Cristián , Herrera Cristian A. , Boeira Laura , Yearwood Andrea , Lopez Analia S. , Colunga-Lozano Luis E. , Brocard Eva , Villacres Tatiana , Vélez Marcela , Di Paolantonio Gabriel , Reveiz Ludovic
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID19) pandemic has struck Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) particularly hard. One of the crucial areas in the international community’s response relates to accelerating research and knowledge sharing. The aim of this article is to map and characterise the existing empirical research related to COVID-19 in LAC countries and contribute to identify opportunities for strengthening future research.

Methods

In this scoping review, articles published between December 2019 and 11 November 2020 were selected if they included an empirical component (explicit scientific methods to collect and analyse primary data), LAC population was researched, and the research was about the COVID-19 pandemic, regardless of publication status or language. MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Scielo, CENTRAL and Epistemonikos were searched. All titles and abstracts, and full texts were screened by two independent reviewers. Data from included studies was extracted by one reviewer and checked by a second independent reviewer.

Results

14,406 records were found. After removing duplicates, 5,458 titles and abstracts were screened, of which 2,323 full texts were revised to finally include 1,626 empirical studies. The largest portion of research came from people/population of Brazil (54.6%), Mexico (19.1%), Colombia (11.2%), Argentina (10.4%), Peru (10.3%) and Chile (10%), while Caribbean countries concentrated 15.3%. The methodologies most used were cross-sectional studies (34.7%), simulation models (17.5%) and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (13.6%). Using a modified version of WHO’s COVID-19 Coordinated Global Research Roadmap classification, 54.2% were epidemiological studies, followed by clinical management (22.3%) and candidate therapeutics (12.2%). Government and public funds support were reported in 19.2% of studies, followed by universities or research centres (9%), but 47.5% did not include any funding statement.

Conclusion

During the first part of the COVID-19 pandemic, LAC countries have contributed to the global research effort primarily with epidemiological studies, with little participation on vaccines research, meaning that this type of knowledge would be imported from elsewhere. Research agendas could be further coordinated aiming to enhance shared self-sufficiency regarding knowledge needs in the region.
Parâmetros para a identificação e análise da inadequação vocabular em textos escolares
Authors: Rosa Douglas Corrêa da , Seide Márcia Sipavicius
Published: February 2022

Neste artigo, objetiva-se refletir a respeito do ensino do léxico nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa, mais especificamente sobre parâmetros para se identificar e analisar a inadequação vocabular em textos escolares. Para tanto, parte-se de discussões centradas na Lexicologia, com ênfase na noção de blocos de palavras oriunda da Abordagem Lexical proposta por Lewis (1993, 1997). No que diz respeito à adequação vocabular, valemo-nos das categorizações feitas por Oliveira (2006), que nos deram mote para analisar um texto escolar produzido por um aluno da Educação Básica. Os resultados desta investigação reforçam a necessidade de se elevar o status do léxico no ensino de Língua Portuguesa, que, em geral, não recebe a devida atenção, explicando, possivelmente, muitos insucessos dos alunos no que diz respeito às escolhas lexicais.
Reporte de caso: Síndrome de Schaaf Yang.
Authors: Cano Wilches Beatriz Elena , Ballesteros Rivera Yudi Fernanda , Rodríguez Villanueva Asid de Jesús
Published: February 2022

Introducción. El Síndrome Schaaf Yang (SYS) constituye un desorden multisistémico caracterizado por un grupo de signos y síntomas relacionados con alteraciones genéticas, congénitas y de expresión clínica multivariable. Fue descrito por primera vez por el Dr Schaaf y la Dra Yaping, profesores de Genética Molecular y Humana de la Universidad de Houston y Baylor, respectivamente en el año 2013 (1).El SYS tiene una herencia autosómica dominante con una mutación presente en el alelo paterno, ya que el gen MAGEL2 tiene una impronta materna y se solo se expresa el alelo paterno. A diferencia de otras patologías autosómicas dominantes clásicas, el síndrome SYS puede saltar varias generaciones siempre que la mutación reside en el cromosoma materno.Presentación del caso. Preescolar femenina, con antecedente de estancia en UCIN, por hipotonía neonatal y pobre succión, bronquitis y neumonía. Su fenotipo está caracterizado por facies hipotónicas, múltiples frente prominente, epicanto interno, pómulos prominentes, puente nasal bajo, nariz ancha, labio superior delgado, orejas aladas, cuello corto y obesidad central. Presenta retraso en el neurodesarrollo, lenguaje y psicomotor. Estudios geneticos de extension, cariotipo 46xx,e hibridación genómica comparativa con patrón genómico normal, sexo femenino, finalmente un exoma trio, lográndose identificar Variante patogénica: c.1996dupC (p.Gln666Profs*47) en el gen MAGEL2 asociada con el síndrome Schaaf yang.Conclusión. Se informa el primer reporte de este síndrome a nivel nacional con una incidencia mundial muy baja, estimándose aproximadamente <1/1.000.000 de nacidos vivos, lo que permite ampliar el conocimiento y crear sospechas diagnósticas en patologías de difícil diagnóstico como esta.
Traverses Between Cognitive Consonance and Existential Crisis: Notes on Jiang Menglin’s Pragmatist Notion of Rensheng Guan and His Views on Suicide from 1919
Authors: Vrhovski Jan
Published: February 2022

The article explores Jiang Menglin’s philosophy of life and his notion of rensheng guan (“view on life”) in the period between his studies in the USA and the year of the May Fourth events in 1919. In the first part, the paper traces the origins of Jiang’s idea back to the then-prevalent version of pragmatism propagated by John Dewey and other pragmatist thinkers gathered at Columbia University, while in the subsequent parts it aims to illuminate the later developments of Jiang’s own version of pragmatism in the context of the May Fourth intellectual discourse. While the article aims at presenting a positive outline of Jiang’s philosophy, it also endeavours to expose its less explicit aspects through its apophatic (exposition by negation or denial) expositions in Jiang’s writings from the period. Finally, it focuses on Jiang’s contributions to the debate on suicide that developed after Lin Deyang’s suicide in November 1919.
Writing Personal Essays between the Hundred Flowers Campaign and the Cultural Revolution: Feng Zikai, Conformist and Authenic
Authors: Andrš Dušan
Published: February 2022

This study examines Feng Zikai’s essays from 1956 to 1965 as products of his attempts to come to terms with the social, political, and cultural situation of the era through writing literary pieces and essays. This analysis of his prose writings that were created over a ten-year stretch bookmarked by the Hundred Flowers Campaign and the Cultural Revolution presents Feng Zikai’s hesitant reassessment of his own work, its intellectual and artistic foundations, and his difficult search for a conformist but at the same time authentic essayistic voice that would allow him to grasp and accept the reality of this period.
Intercultural Methodology in Sinology: Transculturality, Textual Criticism and Discursive Translations
Authors: Rošker Jana S.
Published: February 2022

For Western researchers, the understanding of Chinese culture is conditioned by differences in language, tradition, history and socialization. The interpretation of various aspects and elements of different cultures is always connected to the geographic, political and economic positions of the interpreter as well as the object of interpretation. In Western research on China, the non-reflected use of theoretical analyses that are in themselves results of specific (Western) historical processes and the related structure of societies, often proves to be a dangerous and misleading mechanism. A fundamental premise of the present paper is that Western epistemology represents only one of many different models of human comprehension of reality. On this basis, it questions traditional intercultural methodologies hitherto applied in Sinology and Chinese studies. The article presents the main methodological paradigms of a transculturally aware research that could improve the understanding of general principles underlying the particular research questions and objects under investigation.
Improved corrosion inhibition by heterocyclic compounds on mild steel in acid medium
Authors: Govindasamy Rathika , Thirumalaisamy Sathiyapriya , chandran Kohila , Dhayalan Manikandan , Sillanpaa Mika
Published: February 2022

A detailed comparative study on inhibitive behaviour against corrosion of mild steel in 1N H2SO4 IN HCl for the Schiff bases 2,6-diphenyl-3-methyl azinan-4-one (D3MA) (S1), 2,6-diphenyl-3-methyl azinan-4-one semicarbazone (D3MAS) (S2), 2,6-diphenyl azinan-4-one (DA) (S3) and 2,6-diphenylazinan-4-one semicarbazone (DAS) (S4) was investigated using gravimetric and potentiodynamic polarisation methods. The thermodynamic parameters for the mild steel corrosion and the synergistic behaviour of the inhibitors in the presence of anions and cations were determined and discussed. It was found that the adsorption of the inhibitors on the mild steel surface obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Electro chemical studies revealed that all the four inhibitors are of mixed type. We proved that the semicarbazones (Schiff bases S2b and S4) with additional O and N are more effective corrosion inhibitors than their parent keto-amines. As a whole from all the proposed studies it is proved that the explored Schiff’s bases work as a very efficient corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in both the acidic medium.
Perverse 𝔽
p
-sheaves on the affine Grassmannian
Authors: Cass Robert
Published: February 2022

For a reductive group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic

p
>
0

{p>0}

we construct the abelian category of perverse

𝔽
p

{\mathbb{F}_{p}}

-sheaves on the affine Grassmannian that are equivariant with respect to the action of the positive loop group. We show this is a symmetric monoidal category, and then we apply a Tannakian formalism to show this category is equivalent to the category of representations of a certain affine monoid scheme. We also show that our work provides a geometrization of the inverse of the mod p Satake isomorphism. Along the way we prove that affine Schubert varieties are globally F-regular and we apply Frobenius splitting techniques to the theory of perverse

𝔽
p

{\mathbb{F}_{p}}

-sheaves.
Influence of Surface Treatment on the Pitting Corrosion Behaviour of High Alloyed Stainless Steels in a Chloride Solution
Authors: Krauß Martin , Herzog Ralf , Scholtes Berthold
Published: February 2022

The pitting corrosion behaviour of the austenitic stainless steel alloys 31 and A 351 with different surface treatments in a technical MgCl2 solution was investigated. Potentiometric current density-potential measurements were carried out, and critical repassivation temperatures were determined, using a galvanometric method. Pickled, ground, abrasively blast cleaned and shot-peened surfaces, respectively, were analysed concerning roughness, residual stress, work hardening and near-surface structure. The effects of the surface properties on the local corrosion behaviour was investigated. Basically, with increasing roughness, amount of residual stress and work hardening, one can see a tendency to decreasing resistance against pitting corrosion. On the other hand, those effects are superimposed by special properties of the passive layer, e. g., caused by pickling, or from the processing-specific surface texture.
Ceramics in the Si3N4–ZrO2–CeO2 System: Phase Composition Changes and Properties
Authors: Boškovic Snezana , Sigulinski Fjodor , Rixecker Georg , Aldinger Fritz
Published: February 2022

Silicon nitride-based compositions containing zirconia and ceria additives were prepared by hot pressing in argon atmosphere. The compositions studied can be divided into two groups: (a) with a constant total amount of ZrO2 + CeO2 additive (32 mol.%) within which the CeO2 content was varied from 0 to 6.2 mol.%, and (b) with various contents (10 to 42 mol.%) of ZrO2 + CeO2 additive, the ratio of ZrO2 to CeO2 staying constant at a level of 7.35:1. Phase compositions were determined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), while energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) was used for compositional analysis of the ZrO2 grains. The results showed that after sintering the Ce4+ ions were reduced to Ce3+. At low initial ceria concentrations, Si2N2O was formed beside β-Si3N4 and ZrO2 (the majority of which was monoclinic). At higher ceria concentrations, however, Si2N2O disappeared by reaction with ceria and silica to form Ce – N apatite. Nitrogen-containing zirconia phases were not found in the studied compositions, up to 1750 °C.
The Al–Ca System, Part 1: Experimental Investigation of Phase Equilibria and Crystal Structures
Authors: Kevorkov D. , Schmid-Fetzer R.
Published: February 2022

The binary aluminum-calcium phase equilibria were investigated using X-ray diffraction methods, metallography, energy-dispersive X-ray and differential thermal analyses, and the diffusion couple technique. The complete phase diagram has been determined. Two new binary compounds AlCa and Al3Ca8 were found in addition to the established Al4Ca and Al2Ca phases. The crystal structure of Al3Ca8 compound was determined by X-ray powder diffraction methods.
Bildanalyse komplexer Werkstoffgefüge durch Texturanalyse und Korrelation mit den Eigenschaften durch neuronale Netze
Authors: Fuchs Alexander , Bernthaler Timo , Stahl Brigitte , Klauck Ulrich , Reinsch Bernd , Schneider Gerhard
Published: February 2022

Mit der quantitativen Gefügeanalyse lassen sich aus dem Gefüge quantitativ Rückschlüsse auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften ziehen. Bei feinen und kontrastarmen Gefügen, z.B. von gehärteten Stählen, muss für die Quantifizierung auf die Mustererkennung zurückgegriffen werden. Mit Hilfe von Texturparametern nach Haralick wird durch ein speziell trainiertes neuronales Netzwerk ein Zusammenhang zwischen dem Gefüge und der Härte der Stähle C45 und 100Cr6 hergestellt.
Toughening and Strengthening Response in Ni3Al-Bonded Titanium Carbide Cermets
Authors: Becher Paul F. , Plucknett Kevin P. , Hsueh Chun-Hway
Published: February 2022

Nickel aluminide (Ni3Al) was used as a binder phase to fabricate dense TiC cermets with Ni3Al contents of up to 60 vol. % and TiC grain sizes of ~ 5 to ~ 0.8 μm by either sintering of mixed powders or a melt-infiltration sintering process. These TiC–Ni3Al cermets exhibit high fracture toughness together with exceptional flexure strengths (> 1 GPa), which are retained at temperatures of ~ 1000 °C. While the flexure strength exhibited a modest increase as the Ni3Al content was raised, both the Weibull modulus (up to ~20) and the toughness ~ 18 MPa

m

$\sqrt m $

exhibited substantial increases. The increased toughness was found to result from a combination of interface debonding and grain cleavage that combined to enhance plastic deformation of the Ni3Al ligaments in the crack wake. Crack opening displacement measurements reveal a blunted crack profile and suggest a bridging zone length in excess of 100 microns.
Interfacial reaction between liquid Sn-20In-2.8Ag solder and Ag substrate
Authors: Chiang M. J. , Chuang T. H.
Published: February 2022

The morphology and growth kinetics of the intermetallic compound formed during the reaction between liquid Sn-20In-2.8Ag solder and Ag substrate are studied in the temperature range 225–325 °C. The results indicate that the intermetallic compound Ag2+x
(In, Sn) of scallop shape appears at the interface. The intermetallic thickness versus reaction time shows a parabolic relation, indicating that the growth of this intermetallic is diffusion-controlled. The activation energy calculated from the Arrhenius plot of the intermetallic growth rate is 41.6 kJ/mol. By marking the original interface with a Ta thin film, the dissolution of Ag into solder and the growth mechanism of the intermetallic compound have been clarified.
Modelling the continuous cooling transformation diagram of engineering steels using neural networks
Authors: van der Wolk Pieter J. , Wang Jiajun , Sietsma Jilt , van der Zwaag Sybrand
Published: February 2022

The neural network model of Van der Wolk et al. [1] describes the effect of composition on the phase regions of the continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagram, yet does not consider the fractions of microstructural components and the hardness data that are often quoted in CCT diagrams. In the present paper, the construction of two more neural network models, one for the fractions of ferrite, pearlite, bainite and martensite in the microstructure, and one for the hardness after cooling, using the data of 338 and 412 diagrams, respectively. The accuracy of each model was found to be similar to the expected experimental error; moreover, the models were found to be mutually consistent, although they have been constructed independently. Furthermore, the trends in these properties for alloying elements can be quantified with the models, and are largely in line with metallurgical expectations.
Self-organized criticality – a model for recrystallization?
Authors: Wroblewski T.
Published: February 2022

A novel X-ray diffraction method, allowing the position-resolved imaging of a polycrystalline specimen using the diffracted radiation, was applied for in situ investigation of recrystallization of cold-rolled copper. A large area of the specimen could be observed simultaneously, yielding information about nucleation and growth of many individual crystallites. The recrystallization process showed a stochastic behavior which can be described by the model of self-organized criticality.
Microstructure and lattice defects in highly deformed metals by X-ray diffraction whole powder pattern modelling
Authors: Scardi P.
Published: February 2022

Basic principles and recent developments of the Whole Powder Pattern Modelling (WPPM) approach are briefly reviewed and illustrated by a typical case study: a highly deformed metal powder (AISI 434) produced by high energy ball milling. Microstructural parameters, like crystalline domain size distribution, dislocation density, and arrangement parameters, are directly obtained by modelling the experimental pattern, without using arbitrary analytical profile functions.
Impedance spectroscopy of thermal barrier coatings as non-destructive evaluation tool for failure detection
Authors: Schulz Uwe , Kaysser Wolfgang A. , Sips Markus , Kaul Peter
Published: February 2022

Since thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) for turbine blades suffer from bond coat oxidation and sintering of the ceramic top coat during service, quantification of TBC degradation by non destructive evaluation methods (NDE) is essential. IN617 substrates with standard NiCoCrAlY/PYSZ EBPVD TBCs were annealed at 1100 °C and measured by impedance spectroscopy. Parameters such as phase angle, total impedance, real and imaginary part were analyzed. To clearly separate bond coat oxidation from aging of the zirconia, freestanding ceramic top coats and ceramic free samples were analyzed as well. A straight correlation between the changes in the impedance spectra and the measured thickness of the thermally grown oxide was found.
Numeric simulation of the α/γ-phase ratio of ferritic-austenitic duplex steels
Authors: Pohl Michael , Mola Murat
Published: February 2022

In the past, the necessity to predict the α/γ-phase ratio in duplex steels gave rise to a number of empirical equations and diagrams, which, however, do not guarantee a reliable prediction. Due to the insufficient agreement between experiment and empirical calculation, the new and further development of duplex steels is still carried out by means of very time-consuming and costly experiments. The CALPHAD method (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) [1], whose calculational realization is effected by the software program Thermo-Calc [2] in connection with the optimized thermodynamic database TCFE2 (Thermo-Calc FErrum Database, Version 2), can now be used to establish a reliable (parameter optimization), thermodynamic database for duplex steels and to estimate the phase ratio.
Effect of preaging on the precipitation behaviour of AlMgSi1
Authors: Lange G. , Gärtner S.
Published: February 2022

AlMgSi1 alloys show a deteriorated artificial aging behaviour if they are stored at room temperature between solution treatment and artificial aging (“negative room temperature storage effect”). The present work deals with a preaging step – immediately after solution treatment – which reduces this effect. Mechanical tests and electric resistivity measurements demonstrate that preaged samples are stable even for long room-temperature storages, and they have an excellent artificial-aging behaviour. Preaging may be also beneficial if artificial aging is carried out at higher temperatures to reduce aging time. Higher aging times are combined with a loss of strength and ductility, which is less pronounced for preaged samples. TEM investigations demonstrate that preaged samples show finer precipitates than conventionally-aged ones.
Application of factor analysis in electron spectrometry (AES, XPS) for materials science
Authors: Baunack Stefan , Oswald Steffen
Published: February 2022

Electron spectroscopic methods as X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) and Auger electron spectrometry (AES) are well established in the field of thin-film and surface analysis. In the measured spectral information, always also chemical information on the sample is contained. It is discussed that often chemometrical methods are the only way to extract such (hidden) information from the measured data sets. We demonstrate for AES and XPS measurements, how factor analysis (FA) can help to derive chemical information at Ti-based material developed for body implants. An introduction to the methodology is given, and challenges and restrictions are discussed.
Semi-flexible star-shaped molecules: conformational analysis of nano-segregated mesogens forming columnar liquid-crystal phases
Authors: Gemming Sibylle , Lehmann Matthias , Seifert Gotthard
Published: February 2022

The structural prerequisites are investigated, which make star-shaped molecules suitable precursors for the formation of columnar liquid-crystalline phases. Electronic structure calculations on smaller mesogens show that not all conformers exhibit the atomistic structure, the stability against distortion, and additional dipole moments, which favour columnar stacking. For the presently studied compounds with short terminating alkyl chains, the calculations indicate that the steric factor becomes dominant with increasing star size. Thus, the optimised geometric structures were employed to generate a simplified mathematical model of the structures, which accounts only for the steric interaction in the larger stars. With the help of these diagrams, the most common conformers of star-shaped molecules can be derived in a systematic fashion.
An analytic and generalized formulation of the sin2
ψ-method
Authors: Ortner Balder
Published: February 2022

X-ray stress measurements can be done without the accurate knowledge of the unstressed lattice parameters, if the specimen’s surface can be assumed as stress-free and provided that the measured strains depend linearly on sin2
ψ. This is usually done in the so-called sin2
ψ method. An analytical formalism is proposed with which the same task can be performed even if the linear sin2
ψ dependence is not given. Therefore, one is completely free in choosing and combining measurement parameters φ;ψ, and (hkl). It can be used for single-crystalline, textured, texture-free, isotropic or anisotropic materials. Further advantages are an easy way for correct error calculus and a means to optimize the whole procedure for minimum errors in φ.
The maintenance of Japanese as a heritage language in Mexico: evidence from Japanese pre-war migrants and newcomers
Authors: Matsumoto Kazuko , Tokumasu Naomi
Published: February 2022

This article reports the first sociolinguistic investigation of heritage language maintenance in two distinct types of Japanese migrant community in Mexico City – pre-war labour migrants and recent self-movers. We investigate which social factors most strongly contribute to the preservation of Japanese oral language ability in these two communities. The results confirm the significant effects of languages used in the home and educational domains upon the maintenance of their heritage language in both old and new migrant communities, while highlighting the community-specific effects of both age and languages used in the workplace among the old community and those of contact with relatives and friends in Japan in the case of the newcomer community. We argue that these differences indicate that in the older community, where a strong solidarity network has been developed but where contact with relatives in Japan has been mostly lost, the use of Japanese in the workplace is most likely to help them maintain it, whilst in the more recent newcomer community with more loose-knit Japanese networks within Mexico, frequent interaction with their relatives and friends in Japan serves to strongly support the retention of their high language ability. This article concludes that heritage language use in both home and school is indeed the fundamental determiner of migrant heritage language survival, whereas different factors, such as the use of the heritage language in the workplace and contact with relatives and friends in the homeland, may aid in its preservation, depending upon the recency of the community’s arrival as well as the strength of community’s network.
Nachhaltigkeit im Fremdsprachenlernen: Ansätze für den universitären DaF-Unterricht unter der Zielsetzung einer Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE)
Authors: Müller Daniela
Published: February 2022

Ausgehend von dem Bildungskonzept des Globalen Lernens beschäftigt sich dieser Beitrag damit, wie Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) im Fremdsprachenunterricht an Universitäten und im tertiären Bildungsbereich weltweit implementiert werden kann. Der Artikel stellt Aktivitäten vor, mit denen Lehrende die verschiedenen Themenbereiche der Nachhaltigkeit in ihren Unterricht integrieren können und anhand derer es erleichtert werden soll, in einen Kommunikationsaustausch mit den Studierenden zu treten, der zum Nachdenken über die Auswirkungen des eigenen Handelns anregt und zur Entwicklung von globalen Lösungsansätzen beitragen kann.
In the Shadow of the Queen: On UNESCO’S Universal History, the Women of the Petit Trianon, and Tourist Meaning-Making
Authors: Paige-Lovingood Mandy
Published: February 2022

Upon the designation of Versailles as a World Heritage Site, UNESCO renamed the Petit Trianon the Domaine de Marie-Antoinette (Estate of Marie-Antoinette). Subsequent tourist materials, such as travel guides and website directories, reiterated this redesignation and retell the site’s historical past through the life of Marie-Antoinette, thereby casting Madame de Pompadour and the Comtesse du Barry to the periphery. This essay analyzes visitor Instagram photos and Tripadvisor reviews to understand how UNESCO’s uniting of the queen’s memory with the Petit Trianon affects tourist interpretation and meaning making. It considers the consequences of the universalization of a single narrative to recount a multi-actor history and highlights the continued erasure of Madame de Pompadour and Comtesse du Barry taking place in visitors’ retelling of the Petit Trianon’s past.