bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Devolutiva em pesquisa: A caminhada biocultural, saúde e natureza nos caminhos de Antônio Pereira, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais
Authors: Corrado Amanda Roberta , Rosa Jacyra Aparecida Meireles , Silva Siomara Aparecida , Assis Aisllan
Published: October 2024

Os impactos na saúde em territórios com atividade de mineração industrial são multidimensionais e complexos, requerendo uma abordagem transdisciplinar para sua mensuração. O distrito de Antônio Pereira, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, vivencia os impactos do rompimento da barragem de Fundão ocorrido em 2015 e do processo de descomissionamento da barragem de Doutor que vem acontecendo desde 2020. Neste território está em curso uma pesquisa, que objetiva sistematizar dados atualizados e concretos sobre a situação e a necessidade de saúde, tendo como referencial teórico a saúde coletiva. Neste ensaio, partilhamos a experiência e as reflexões de construir e realizar a Caminhada Biocultural como uma devolutiva do processo de pesquisa desse projeto. A ação desdobrou-se nos objetivos:1) promover atividades de bem-estar e lazer e 2) criar um espaço de informação, discussão e reflexão sobre os temas saúde, natureza e patrimônio biocultural. A devolutiva no formato da Caminhada Biocultural contribuiu para que a comunidade e a equipe de pesquisa do projeto construíssem uma perspectiva conjunta do conceito de saúde como garantia de direito a um território saudável, sustentável e solidário.
Garimpando saberes de Antônio Pereira: Reflexões sobre a educação como ferramenta libertadora para adultos e idosos de Ouro Preto/MG
Authors: Rosa Jacyra Aparecida , Quintino Sara , Dias Carla , Assis Aisllan Diego de
Published: October 2024

Este artigo apresenta um relato e reflexões do Projeto de Extensão Garimpando Saberes de Antônio Pereira, ancorado em uma proposta de ressignificação da educação para adultos e idosos, no sentido de construir uma prática educativa libertadora, capaz de acolher, ensinar e amparar os envolvidos, não só a retomarem e finalizarem sua formação escolar, mas também a se abrirem para novas possibilidade de interação e transformação pessoal e do território em que vivem. O projeto “Garimpando os saberes” traçou como intencionalidade a alfabetização de adultos e idosos, garimpeiros(as) manuais do distrito de Antônio Pereira, em Ouro Preto/MG. Tradutores de um saber originário de povos africanos em suas diásporas nos processos minerários por parte da colonização, eles trazem em suas memórias tradições culturais transmitidas de geração para geração, mantendo viva a intenção de preservar o meio ambiente, já que o cultivo da terra é uma ação natural ao garimpo. O ponto de partida é justamente o que eles trazem em suas memórias afetivas, suas tradições culturais e experiências de vida. A partir dessas vivências, eles aprenderam o poder de transformação das palavras em suas vidas, em especial na medida em que sentem a escrevivência, como ensina o mestre Paulo Freire, patrono da educação brasileira e do projeto.
“De mãos dadas com Antônio Pereira”
Authors: Assis Aisllan Diego de , Silvia Mendonça Vieira  , Adriana Maria de Figueiredo  , Siomara Aparecida da Silva  , Albená Nunes da Silva  , Sandra Aparecida Lima de Moura  , André Luíz Silva  , Cristiano Luís Turbino de França e Silva  , Gabriel Fernandes Lobo  , Silvia Grasiella Moreira Almeida  , Hugo Rafael Nogueira Gomes  , Silva Viviane de Paula , Cristiana Santos Andreoli  , Rosângela Minardi Mitre Cotta  , Marta Maria Neves Corrêa  , Amanda Roberta Corado  , Marlene Reis  , Maria Helena Rocha Ferreira  , Eliane Cristina Damasceno Coleta  , Carla Dayane Moreira Dias  , Sara Helena Quintino  , Sandra Andréa Faria  , Rosemeire Aparecida de Paula  , Uytlon Vinícius Corrêa  , Jacyra Aparecida Meireles Rosa
Published: October 2024

Os objetivos do trabalho são apresentar e analisar os resultados do programa de extensão e pesquisa “De mãos dadas com Antônio Pereira”, desenvolvido desde 2019, por uma ampla rede de pessoas, instituições, empresas, moradores e moradoras do distrito histórico de Antônio Pereira, em Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais. O programa integra treze ações de extensão e pesquisa, além de eventos e publicações, realizados integralmente, nos espaços e território do distrito. As metodologias adotadas favorecem a criação de vínculos e apoio mútuo entre os participantes, o desenvolvimento da autonomia, renda e processo grupal, com participação ativa de todos envolvidos. Os resultados mostram intensa participação dos moradores e moradoras nas atividades do programa, com valorização especial das atividades de ações realizadas com mulheres, crianças e trabalhadores. Com investimento de recursos financeiros e conhecimentos foi possível criar grupo de referência para saúde mental da comunidade; profissionalização das quitandeiras e criação da feira de quitandas e empreendedoras do distrito e a criação do laboratório de computação e robótica com oferta de oficinas educativas para jovens e adultos, concretizando a presença das Universidades e Instituto Federal na comunidade. O programa de extensão e pesquisa segue em execução, sustentando e ampliando a grande roda “De mãos dadas com Antônio Pereira”.
Effect of Intelligence Gathering on Crime Control in Machakos County, Kenya
Authors: Mutegi Rita Makena , Muna Wilson
Published: October 2024

The study objective was to determine the effect of intelligence gathering on crime control in Machakos. This research adopted a descriptive case study research designs. Target population was 230 individuals who comprised of individuals participating directly or indirectly in crime control. Krejcie and Morgan sampling method was applied in coming up with the sample size which was 197. This research employed both quantitative and qualitative approaches of analyzing and interpreting data. Statistical findings show that, the use of intelligence gathering, was the most effective crime control practices, second in the category is information sharing, third in the category with community policing and the last effective measure indicated were dispute resolution. Gathering timely information can assist security agents in in Machakos County their efforts to know in advance security threats and develop an immediate proactive strategy. Police should be given the proper level of intelligent gathering training that to allow them to adapt to the new demands imposed by the increasing levels of sophisticated crimes in the society. Police must constantly review the development of their pro-activeness in mitigating the changing patterns of crime and the expectations of the public. The police should uphold Human rights and integrity while discharging their mandate so as to reverse weaning public confidence and hence create a rapport with the public and improve partnership rather than being adversarial.
Effect of Security Meetings on Crime Control in Machakos County, Kenya
Authors: Mutegi Rita Makena , Muna Wilson
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of security meetings on crime control in Machakos. This research adopted a descriptive case study research designs. Target population was 230 individuals who comprised of individuals participating directly or indirectly in crime control. These were the Chiefs and Assistant Chiefs, the Police, Community Policing members as well as opinion leaders in Yatta Sub-county. Sample size was 197.  The research employed primary and secondary sources of data. Results also showed that leaders moved from one place to another, mobilization of locals in time, increasing understanding between communities and government policing agencies and the community about their role is security; enhancing dialogue between communities and government policing agencies. Security meetings formed and integral part of effective crime prevention, given that they enhanced trust, cooperation, communication, ingenuity, integrity, initiative, discretion, leadership, responsibility, respect, and a broadened commitment to public safety and security. Security meetings had a significant effect on crime prevention and control, it is imperative on the government through the Ministry of Interior and The study recommended that it is important to identify which social groups are most seriously affected by the problem and develop a framework that will guide the Rolling down of the programme. The security agencies should strive to hold regular and structured meetings which produce actionable resolutions which must be implemented.
Effect of Peace Barazas on Crime Control in Machakos County, Kenya
Authors: Mutegi Rita Makena , Muna Wilson
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of peace barazas on crime control in Machakos. The study adopted descriptive case study research design so as to learn new insights and broaden the understanding of crime and crime control. The target population comprised of individuals who were directly or indirectly involved in crime control. These were the police officers, Chiefs and Assistant Chiefs, community policing members as well as senior village elders. Krejcie & Morgan sampling method was applied in coming up with the sample size.  The research employed primary and secondary sources of data where primary data. From the study findings it’s evident that peace Barraza were held at least three times in a month in all administrative units and members of the public attend the meetings whenever convened. The study concludes that practice is indeed an effective measure towards crime prevention and control in Machakos County. Through Peace Barazas, members together with security agents were able to identify and also address root causes of underlying conflict. The study recommended that measures should be taken by County Commissioners, to promote co-operation between local communities and regional authorities, particularly in criminal prevention. Peace actors should be capacitated with knowledge and skills so as to be able to discharge this mandate effectively. The National Steering Committee on peace building and conflict management should undertake the training and capacity building of peace committees.
Effect of Community Participation on Sustainability of Donor Funded Projects in Chukudum, Budi County
Authors: Loparimoi Peter Mourice , Ng’eno Weldon Kibet
Published: October 2024

South Sudan is one of the main recipients of donor funds to implement development and humanitarian projects aimed at alleviating poverty. However, the sustainability of project’s net benefits is continuously lacking despite billions of monies donated for projects throughout the country. This study investigated the effects of community participation on the sustainability of donor-funded projects in South Sudan using a case of Chukudum, Budi County. The study used a descriptive research design. The target population was 300 people with a sample size of 75 persons. Stratified random and purposive sampling techniques were used. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The study findings indicated that community participation had a positive and significant relationship with the sustainability of donor-supported projects in South Sudan. The study concluded that the sustainability of donor-funded projects is influenced by community participation. The community needs to participate in the project from the initiation to the end to ensure sustainability. A community should also engage in decisions to enhance ownership and sustainability of projects. Policy should be created to advance community project ownership and the community should be encouraged to participate and serve with locally available resources.
The Effects of Financing on Completion of Government Road Projects: A Case of Kenya National Highway Authority
Authors: Chibole Patricia Aponga , Mbataru Patrick
Published: October 2024

Maintaining steady completion of road construction projects in the government of Kenya has been an issue of concern to the government, stakeholders, and contractors. Therefore, there have been numerous cases of delays and non-completion of projects which have contributed to irreparable loss to the government and the economy as a whole. Studies done on road construction tend to concentrate on the success of the projects, to add more knowledge, this study sought to address the problem of completion of government road construction projects. This study sought to fill this gap by analyzing the effects of financing on the completion of government road construction projects in Kenya with special reference to the Kenya National Highway Authority. This research adopted a descriptive approach and the target population was composed of 240 management staff of the Kenya National Highway Authority. The researcher used a stratified random sampling procedure to select a sample size of 72 respondents. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed by the use of descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Findings revealed that financing had a positive and significant effect on the completion of government road projects. The project’s budget is crucial and it has an influence in all areas of both project planning as well as implementation. It is crucial to keep track of expenses for various work packages and total costs in a project. The road project financier should produce a clear schedule of funds on all project cycles and have devoted qualified staff members who are capable of creating scenarios of effective timeliness and implementation. This makes timely funding and project planning easier to manage, and it can be useful for projects similar to the current project.
Analysis of Credit Terms and Loans Performance Among Deposit-Taking SACCOS in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors: Nyabwari Jared Okumu , Kimutai Caroline
Published: October 2024

Deposit-taking SACCOs in Kenya have consistently recorded an increasing rate of loans that are not honored as and when they become payable throughout the years. According to SASRA 2021 Sacco supervision report, the NPL in the DT-SACCOs was 5.23% in 2016, 6.14% in 2017, 6.30% in 2018, 6.15% in 2019, 8.39% in 2020, and 8.86% in the years 2021. This persistent increase in NPL among the DT-SACCOs is worrying, and the cause has not been established conclusively. This study sought to analyze how credit terms aspect of CMP affects loan performance in DT-SACCOs within the City County of Nairobi. A descriptive research approach was adopted in this research and the target population included 47 DT-SACCOS. A census approach was used and the 47 credit managers were the targeted responders. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze the data collected. The findings revealed that credit terms had a negative and significant effect on loan performance. The study concluded that credit terms reduce loan performance among deposit-taking SACCOs. The research recommends that SACCO’s management should have well-stipulated credit terms that are understandable to the borrowers. The management should have flexible loan repayment periods to help them reduce the NPLs.
The Effect of Tax Administration Restructuring on Income Tax Compliance among Small and Medium Enterprises in Lang’ata Sub County, Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Momanyi Abuga Charles , Bruce PhD Dr. Ogaga , Jacob PhD Dr. Yego
Published: October 2024

The Kenya Revenue Authority, despite ongoing tax reforms, has been unable to meet the Treasury's income tax targets. This study aimed to determine the effect of tax administration restructuring on income tax compliance among Small and Medium Enterprises in Lang’ata Sub County, Nairobi County, Kenya. The study was guided by optimal theory, and study employed explanatory research design. The study target was 2,182 SMEs in different sectors in Lang’ata Sub County with a sample size of 338 respondents. The study used primary data collected using questionnaires. The descriptive statistics included frequency, percentage, and mean while inferential statistics included correlation and regression. Tax administration restructuring is positively associated with increased compliance (β = 0.103, p < 0.05). The findings reveal the enhancing effect of the relationship between tax restructuring and income tax compliance. The study recommends KRA should continue to invest in streamlining and improving tax administration processes. Future research should be carried out to determine the advancements in tax technology influence SMEs' compliance behavior.
Corporate tax incentives and Tax Revenue Collection Nexus. How much difference does Green Investment Make? Evidence from listed firms at NSE Kenya
Authors: Nduta Njogu Tabitha , Rono Prof. Lucy , Chelogoi Dr. Stephen
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Revenue collection is very important for every government in the world as it enables the government to acquire assets that are not liable to debt and that the government uses to develop its economy. However, revenue collection in Kenya has not always been as effective as it should be. This study aimed to determine the moderating effect of green investment corporation tax incentives on tax revenue collection from companies listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya.
Methodology: The study employed an explanatory research design and focused on the sixty-seven companies listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange utilizing secondary data collected over five years from 2019 to 2023. The descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were analyzed using correlation and regression analysis.
Main findings: The findings revealed that corporation tax incentive has a positive and significant effect on tax revenue collection (β =0.0290453, p<0.05). The study also found that green investment moderates the relationship between corporation tax incentives and tax revenue collection (β =5.77e-06, p=0.012<0.05).
Practical Implications: In light of the study findings, the government of Kenya should consider revising and expanding tax incentives, particularly corporation tax incentives to encourage compliance and stimulate investment. Policymakers in Kenya should consider enhancing corporation tax incentives to stimulate tax revenue collection from companies listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange. The government should incentivize ecologically workable practices and investments. This could include offering tax breaks or subsidies for firms that adopt green technologies, implement energy-efficient processes, or engage in environmentally friendly activities.
Sociological Behaviour and Excise Duty Compliance Nexus: Do Dispute Resolution Mechanisms Matter? Evidence From Alcoholic Beverage Manufacturers in Kenya
Authors: Ngugi Kimani James , Bruce, PhD Dr. Ogaga , Stephen, PhD Dr. Chelogoi
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Despite implementation of several initiatives to improve tax revenue collections, actual tax revenues have fallen short of projected targets. The purpose of the study was to determine the moderating role of dispute resolution mechanisms on the relationship between sociological behaviour and excise duty compliance among alcoholic beverage manufacturers in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study was guided by the theory of planned behaviour and judicial organization and adjective law theory.
Methodology: The study employed explanatory research design. The target population of the study was 231 respondents. Primary data was collected through structured questionnaires. Out of 231 issued questionnaires, 185 filled and returned the questionnaires.
Results: The study found that sociological behavior had a positive and significant effect on excise duty compliance, β=0.270 and p-value=0.000124<0.05. The study also found that dispute resolution mechanisms moderate and enhance the positive effect of sociological behaviour on excise duty compliance, β=0.113 and p-value of 0.000000<0.05.
Conclusion: It is recommended that policymakers should consider and incorporate the theory of planned behaviour into tax compliance frameworks since understanding how sociological behaviour influences tax compliance can inform the development of targeted interventions and policies. It is also recommended that effective and affordable dispute resolution mechanisms should be put in place as they provide clarity and ultimately result in resolution of conflicts arising on account of excise duty thus promoting excise duty compliance. Future studies should be conducted on the effect of tax incentives on excise duty compliance.
Effect of Perceived Usefulness of Digitized System on Rental Income Tax Compliance Among Landlords in Makadara Constituency, Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Mandela Nyaata Sammy , Japheth PhD Dr. Kogei , Marion PhD Dr. Nekesa
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Despite the tremendous growth in real estate, the corresponding tax collection from the sector has remained low. The contribution by rental income earners has been low despite all the efforts to enforce rental income tax policies. The study examined the perceived usefulness of digitized system on rental income tax compliance among landlords in Makadara Constituency, Nairobi County, Kenya.
Methodology: It was guided by a unified theory of acceptance and use of technology the study adopted an explanatory research design. The target population was 4,927 landlords in Makadara Nairobi County. The sample size of the study was 369, and the study questionnaires that were correctly filled and returned were 230. The study used primary data which was collected using structured questionnaires with close-ended questions and a pilot test was conducted to test reliability and validity.
Results: The study found that Perceived usefulness of digitized system and rental income tax compliance, β=0.261 p-value =0.000<0.05.
Conclusion: Based on the findings the study recommends that the KRA should launch widespread campaigns to educate landlords about the usefulness of digitized systems. Future studies could be conducted to determine the impact of tax reforms on rental income tax compliance.
Integración de cultura y naturaleza: Diseño de un sendero interpretativo en Tunibamba, Ecuador
Authors: Casanova Lorena , Recalde Pozo Marilyn
Published: October 2024

El ecoturismo promueve la conservación ambiental y la preservación cultural, y el senderismo es fundamental para la interacción responsable con el entorno natural. En Tunibamba, Cotacachi, se identificó la necesidad de diversificar su oferta turística de manera sostenible. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo diseñar un sendero interpretativo que combine elementos naturales y culturales. A través de encuestas a turistas y observación directa, se identificaron tanto las características sociodemográficas de los visitantes como los recursos clave para el guion interpretativo. Los resultados indican que los turistas valoran experiencias educativas y recreativas que resalten la biodiversidad y la cultura local. Estos hallazgos refuerzan la importancia del ecoturismo como una estrategia para generar beneficios económicos sostenibles y preservar la identidad cultural de la comunidad. La investigación ofrece una base sólida para promover el turismo responsable en Tunibamba, contribuyendo al desarrollo local y a la conservación de sus recursos naturales y culturales.
Diseño y guerra: el diseño y sus posibles delitos
Authors: Foglia Efraín
Published: October 2024

¿Tiene delito el diseño?, ¿existe un delito al diseñar?, ¿somos partícipes de delitos en nuestros proyectos profesionales? Hal Foster, uno de los historiadores y críticos de arte más importantes de las últimas décadas, publicó el libro Diseño y delito (2004).
Las máquinas salvajes
Authors: Rosés Joan
Published: October 2024

A finales de 2022, el Museo de Arte Moderno de Nueva York (MOMA) expuso Unsupervised, la primera obra creada con inteligencia artificial que entraba con todos los honores en aquel santuario del arte contemporáneo. Refik Anadol, su creador, había entrenado una red neuronal con datos del fondo de arte del museo y había introducido instrucciones y acotamientos, pero, a partir de aquí, dejó que un sistema automatizado generara, a su aire, un flujo de imágenes en movimiento continuo. El artista acotaba. La máquina hacía.
Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Methods in Classifying Heart Attack Risk: Black-Box Models vs. Glass-Box Models
Authors: Geçici Ebru , Işık Eyüp Ensar , Şimşir Mısra , Güneş Mehmet
Published: October 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming more and more involved in human life day by day. Healthcare is one of the areas where AI is widely used, such as in the diagnosis prediction, and/or classification of diseases. Techniques such as machine learning provide high-accuracy results, but many algorithms have black-box structures, where the reasoning behind the predictions is not known. Explainable AI emerges to address this by providing explanations for complex models. While interpretable ("glass-box") models are desirable, they may have lower accuracy than complex ("black-box") models. Finding the right balance is crucial, especially in critical areas such as healthcare. It is also important to provide individual explanations for the predictions. This study uses patient data to explore a model to predict heart attack risk. Therefore, we compare glass-box models (logistic regression, naive Bayes, decision tree, and explainable boosting) with black-box models (random forest, support vector machine, multi-layer perceptron, gradient boosting, and stochastic gradient boosting). The results show that explainable boosting achieves the highest accuracy. To delve into individual explanations on a patient basis, the explainable boosting algorithm is compared with the random forest algorithm, which gives the best results among the black-box models. Here, LIME and SHAP are used to provide interpretability of random forests. As a result, it is concluded that the random forest algorithm has differences in the importance weights of the variables compared to the explainable boosting algorithm. Both results provide valuable tools for healthcare stakeholders to choose the most appropriate model.
Consulates of different countries in Harbin in the first third of the 20th century
Authors: Smolianinova Tatiana Anatolyevna
Published: October 2024

The subject of the article is the buildings of consular offices in Harbin (Northeast China). The object of the study is the consular offices and their urban planning in the city structure. The author examines and analyzes consular offices of different countries that opened their offices during the late nineteenth and first half of the twentieth century. In the course of the study, the position of the objects was analyzed and their characteristic features of location were revealed. The study is aimed at identifying the facilities where consulates of different countries were located and analyzing the criteria for choosing facilities for the placement of consulates in them. The boundaries of the study are determined by the period of the late XIX – mid XX century. The scientific novelty of the article is determined by the collection and systematization of materials from field surveys (2023), the systematization of historical and archival materials. The article examines the history of the emergence and development of consular institutions in the city of Harbin. Attention is paid to the reasons for the appearance of these institutions and the principles of their placement in the city. Attention is drawn to how the location of the consular buildings depended on urban development and their importance. The architectural appearance of some notable consular sites is also briefly analyzed. The research is based on empirical methods, including observation and examination. Thanks to the cartographic analysis, it was possible to determine the location of consular offices in urban areas. In addition, a genetic approach was applied, which helped to identify the features and connections of consular institutions in a historical context. The main conclusions of the study are that consular offices were important objects for the formation of the compositional structure of the city. The architecture of the consular buildings reflected the stylistics of different countries, filled the cities with stylistic flavor, and increased the level of landscaping of the territories adjacent to these buildings. The study of the principles of the development of consular institutions in the context of the European architectural heritage of that period is of great interest, especially given the growing interest in identifying and preserving Russian cultural heritage. Consular institutions, in addition to their administrative and political role, had cultural and historical value. Therefore, the analysis of these institutions in terms of their importance for the development of relations between states, as well as their architectural features, allows not only to assess their political, but also their architectural value.
The life cycle of the northern settlement on the example of working settlements
Authors: Rostovskaia Anna Andreevna
Published: October 2024

The presented research is part of the work on the formulation of the principles of urban development of northern settlements. The object of this study is the territories of settlements located in the arctic climate of the extreme North. The subject of the study is the patterns of formation of the environment of northern settlements in the context of the problem of the life cycle. The author emphasizes the primary and determining role of natural and climatic conditions. Such elements of the life cycle as the place of employment, population, and infrastructure are considered in more detail in order to find their relationship and determine the role of each of them. Special attention is paid to the study of real-life settlements (Kadykchan, Halmer-Yu, Ynykchan, Iultin) located in extreme climatic conditions of the North and now closed. Using their example, the patterns of the life cycle of the northern settlement are analyzed to determine the prospects for further urban development. The research method implies a consistent analysis of the elements of the life cycle of the designated settlements (place of employment, population, infrastructure), as well as the execution of graphoanalytical materials. The novelty of the study lies in identifying the features of the elements of the life cycle of the actually existing northern settlements, the life cycle of which has already been completed. The main conclusions based on the results of the study are the following provisions: 1. The primacy of the place of application of labor relative to the other two elements of the life cycle. 2. The duration of the life cycle and the success of the existence of a settlement is determined by the harmonious interrelation of its elements. 3. The need for an infrastructure element in the context of the values of the XXI century at any stage of the life cycle of a settlement. 4. The formation and existence of a northern settlement should not be an end in itself: a timely choice of a vector for "compression" of the settlement may be acceptable and environmentally rational. The prospects for further research should be focused on the concept of a master plan for settlements in extreme climatic conditions of the North. The use of the concept of the life cycle of the northern settlement is proposed as the main basis for master planning.
"From the Black Box" by Kirill Molchanov: Sergey Yakovenko's artistic reading of the musical and prose text of the vocal cycle
Authors: Podguzova Oksana Alekseevna
Published: October 2024

The object of the study is the vocal cycle "From the Black Box" by K. Molchanov – one of the forgotten chamber vocal compositions of the second half of the twentieth century. The subject of the study is the performance interpretation of this work by the famous singer Sergey Yakovenko. Based on the study of the clavier preserved in the musician's home archive and the audio recording of the vocal cycle, the author reveals the important properties of the singer's performing interpretation. A sharp change from reading to singing is noted, which is a distinctive feature of this vocal cycle, in which reader's and singer's words are matched. The researcher focuses on Yakovenko's performing principles, the rich colorful palette of his voice and the actor's approach to interpreting the artwork, thanks to which he was able to create visible theatrical images of various characters appearing in the vocal cycle. The article uses a comprehensive method that has developed both in historical and theoretical musicology, as well as in the field of vocal performance interpretation. As a result of the analysis, the author comes to the conclusion that the vocal cycle "From the Black Box" is of a great interest both from the point of view of figurative, thematic and stylistic development, and from the standpoint of S. Yakovenko's performing interpretation. A special contribution of the author to the research of the topic is a detailed study of the performance of Molchanov's vocal cycle in the context of an intensive search for "new music". The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the cycle "From the Black Box" is for the first time in the field of view of the study, considered in detail and comprehensively with the identification of a special performing interpretation of the outstanding singer S. Yakovenko.
Salinity effect of permafrost temperature predictions by the example of the Yamal Peninsula
Authors: Nikitin Kirill Alekseevich , Komarov Ilya Arkadevich , Mironenko Mikhail Viktorovich , Kiyashko Nadezhda Vladimirovna
Published: October 2024

This research is focused on quantitative assessment of salinity influence on predictions of permafrost temperature on a regional scale. The relevance is determined by the intensive economic development of the Yamal Peninsula and the observed climate change in the Arctic. Reducing the uncertainty in forecast predictions of the permafrost temperature helps to reduce the value of the safety margin when designing the ground foundations of buildings and structures, avoiding the development of negative geoprocesses during their construction and operation. The object of the study is the permafrost of the Yamal Peninsula, which is continuously distributed and forms the foundation of the majority of buildings and structures in operation. The temperature of the saline permafrost is the subject of the study. The methods used combine thermodynamic and mathematical modelling and climate change consideration. The mean annual ground temperature by mid-century is predicted for three regions of the peninsula – north-western and western Yamal as well as the lower course of the Ob River. The temperature of the permafrost was determined by two independent approaches. In the first case, we used the heat-exchange characteristics of rocks which are constant for the forecast period, and in the second case – those that change with the transformation of the water-ionic composition of pore solutions. The minimum difference between the obtained temperature values is 0.1–0.2 °C in the north-western Yamal. The largest discrepancy between the modelling results is observed for the lower Ob River and reaches 0.5–0.6 °С. Neglecting the salinity of the permafrost and its properties for the period of geocryological forecasting leads to an error in determining the mean annual ground temperature of up to 20%. With the increase of pore solution salinity from 35 to 150 g/l, the difference in calculations increases by 15–20%. The mean annual ground temperature obtained with constant heat transfer characteristics turn out to be underestimated in comparison with the results of the problem with time-varying characteristics. Improving the geocryological forecast methodology will make it possible to more reasonably approach the assessment of the future thermal state of saline permafrost under climate change.
Forms of development of academic research in Yakutia in 1947-1991.
Authors: Suleymanov Aleksandr Albertovich
Published: October 2024

The aim of the work is to create a dynamic picture of the development of the forms of research of the USSR Academy of Sciences in Yakutia in 1947-1991. The initial chronological boundary is connected with the organization of the Yakut base of the USSR Academy of Sciences. The final boundary is due to the reformatting of the USSR Academy of Sciences into the Russian Academy of Sciences. The research is based on the involvement of documents from the archives of the Yakut Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Archive of the P.I. Melnikov Permafrost Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Current Archive of the Yu.G. Shafer Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronomy of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Yakutsk), the Scientific Archive of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Novosibirsk), the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow), as well as information presented in the available scientific literature. When processing the accumulated materials, special historical methods of scientific cognition were used (the principle of historicism, historical-typological, historical-comparative and historical-genetic methods, etc.). For the first time in historiography, a characteristic of the development of forms of organization of academic research in Yakutia in the period 1947–1991 is presented. It is noted that during the period considered in the article, the forms of organization of academic research in Yakutia have received significant development. The expedition surveys of the staff of the USSR Academy of Sciences were continued, which were carried out with greater intensity than before. An important place was occupied by stationary research, which unfolded on a network of hospitals in various parts of Yakutia. In addition, experimental and design work carried out in academic institutions established in the region was characterized by a number of achievements. This state of affairs has allowed the academic center to conduct a complex of largely unique research focused not only on obtaining fundamental, but also applied, of serious practical importance, results.
Evolution of legislation on administrative liability for violation of consumer rights
Authors: Chagina Elizaveta Mihailovna , Lubyannikova Anna Sergeevna
Published: October 2024

Comprehensive protection and protection of consumer rights is impossible only through private legal remedies. In this regard, administrative liability for violation of consumer rights plays an important role in ensuring an adequate level of protection of citizens' rights guaranteed to them by the Law on Consumer Protection. The current Administrative Code of the Russian Federation contains a number of provisions that establish administrative liability for violation of consumer rights. However, these norms could not remain unchanged since the adoption of the Code in 2001, and have undergone a serious evolution over the past more than twenty years. In this paper, the authors investigate the process of improving the provisions of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation on administrative liability for violations in the field of consumer protection. The methodological basis of the research consists of both general methods (analysis, synthesis, logical method, etc.) and special methods of cognition (for example, the method of analysis and interpretation of normative legal acts). For the first time, the paper attempts a comprehensive study of the process of improving legislation on administrative liability for violation of consumer rights, analyzes the prerequisites for such changes, trends in judicial practice. As a result of the study, the authors substantiate the conclusion that the development of norms establishing administrative liability for violation of consumer rights is inextricably linked with the improvement of civil law regulation of relevant legal relations. It should also be noted that in recent years, the strengthening of regional integration within the Eurasian Economic Union has had a serious impact on this process, expressed in the adoption by the Board of the Eurasian Economic Commission of advisory acts setting guidelines for the harmonization and improvement of legislation of the EAEU member states in the field of consumer protection and protection.
The dynamics of academic interest in the Great Game in foreign historical science in the second half of the XX — early XXI centuries.
Authors: Beliaev Anton Vadimovich
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the dynamics of academic interest in the problem of the Great Game in foreign historiography of the second half of the XX – early XX centuries and the factors that influenced this process. The traditional study of historical thought practically does not take into account quantitative indicators of the prevalence of certain concepts in historiography. At the same time, there is a genuine revival of interest in Anglo-Russian rivalry in Central Asia. The article analyzes the content of foreign historiography after the Second World War and the prerequisites for the growth and decline of research interest in certain periods of time. The aim of the work is to trace the correlation between foreign policy events and trends in the study of the Great Game. To do this, an array of more than 300 papers was formed in order to graphically display bursts of scientific interest in the problem by plotting a time series. The work uses quantitative methods that allow you to build an initial graph and perform its mechanical alignment for greater reliability of the results. Also, the main technique for interpreting the data obtained was the analysis of bursts of research interest in the problem of the Great Game, for which historical-systemic and historical-comparative methods were used. The use of quantitative methods and the display of results in graphical form determines the novelty of the work. The catalyst for the intensification of research on this issue has almost always been an aggravation in the confrontation between superpowers or a significant change in the international situation. It is also worth noting the emergence of the term The New Great Game in the mid-1990s and its subsequent expansion beyond the Central Asian region and historical science in general. In British historiography, the growth in the number of publications on the Great Game is due to the development of postcolonial studies. In the USA, there is a significant difference between the pre-war and post-war volumes of research on this topic, the penetration of the concept of the Great Game into American science and gaining popularity among researchers. Further study of the patterns of development of the foreign historiography of the Anglo-Russian rivalry, including using statistical methods, will allow us to more accurately characterize the relationship between political conjuncture and academic discourse in the bipolar and post-bipolar world, as well as the place of the image of the Great Game in modern public consciousness.
Demographic situation in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in the 2000s
Authors: Buyarov Dmitrii Vladimirovich , Skatov Daniil Romanovich
Published: October 2024

The subject of this article is the analysis of the demographic situation in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China in the 2000s. The demographic situation in the largest autonomous region of the People's Republic of China is considered in a historical context. Xinjiang, inhabited by Turkic-speaking peoples, the largest of which are the Uighurs, has traditionally been a troubled region and has caused concern to the Chinese authorities. To stabilize the situation, the central Government of the People's Republic of China is launching economic programs aimed at developing the autonomous region and improving the standard of living of the local population. The demographic policy of the People's Republic of China, aimed at regulating the birth rate, but providing benefits for representatives of national minorities, is proving to be quite effective. In the first quarter of the XXI century, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has seen an increase in population and a certain improvement in the quality of life, including income levels, the development of education and healthcare. This study is based on historical analysis of public sources of the central government, government statistical reports, and Chinese academic articles. The methodological basis of the research is the work of foreign historians and sociologists who characterize the specific features of China's demographic policy. In general, this study was carried out in accordance with the methods of historical periodization, retrospective and socio-psychological methods.   The scientific novelty of the study lies in the analysis of insufficiently studied aspects of the demographic development of Xinjiang at the present stage in the national historical science. Previously, stories related to the development of the XUAR in the context of the economic development of the People's Republic of China as a whole were popular among scientific circles. At the same time, little attention was paid to the intraregional specifics of Xinjiang itself, especially in connection with the local ethnic and religious situation. This paper examines the factors determining the importance of the region for the Chinese government, analyzes official measures aimed at regulating the demographic situation and the response from representatives of national minorities. The article focuses on the conflict-prone nature of the region, in which, despite ongoing socio-economic reforms, the threat of terrorism and religious extremism persists.
The defeat of France in 1940: The road to armistice
Authors: Gusev Anton Alekseevich
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the causes, circumstances and consequences of the armistice between France and Nazi Germany in 1940. After the invasion of Hitler's army into Belgium, Holland and France in May 1940, in conditions when Franco-British troops suffered heavy defeats and retreated, the highest political and military circles of France began to discuss the possibility of ending hostilities by reaching an agreement with the enemy. Ultimately, these discussions and the struggle of various political currents, accompanied by changes in the composition of the government of the republic, ended in June 1940 with the adoption of a decision to conclude an armistice with Germany on German terms, which led to France's withdrawal from the war and its de facto subordination to the Third Reich. The article, relying on published sources and documents extracted from the funds of the National Archives of France, reconstructs the course of events that led to this outcome. The positions of key statesmen and representatives of the military command on the issue of the armistice are analysed, and their evolution is traced. The role of the British factor in the debates on the choice of military-political strategy is revealed. The author substantiates the point of view according to which the conclusion of an armistice was not the only option for France: it was possible to continue the resistance in case of the evacuation of the government and part of the troops to the French colonies in North Africa. The decisive factor that predetermined the choice in favour of an armistice was the position of some of the high military command and some members of the government (primarily P. Pétain and M. Weygand), who, adhering to right-wing political views, were inclined to reconciliation and cooperation with Nazi Germany.