bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dylematy interpretacyjne stosowania sygnałów drogowych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem sygnalizatora S-2 w „bezpiecznym” zarządzaniu ruchem drogowym. Część I/III
Authors: Iwanowicz Damian , Hasiewicz Jonatan
Published: March 2024

Interpretative dilemmas of the use of road signals with particular emphasis on the S-2 signal in “safe” traffic management

The paper is devoted to the issue of signal traffic control in the context of proper design, opinion, and approval of traffic organization, focusing on the safety principles and practices of road users. Formal and legal aspects derived from the basic provisions of the Act on Road Traffic and its executive acts are explained in depth. Both designers and traffic management authorities have a major dilemma about the interpretation of many signal phase systems. This is confirmed by the results of a study - as many as 71% of the analyzed intersections contained errors in the application of the signal allowing turning in the direction indicated by the “green arrow”. In the paper the possibilities of using individual traffic signals on roads and intersections, and the problems associated with the so-called “green arrow” in particular are explained. Interpretative shortcomings regarding the traffic control of public transport means, traffic control at pedestrian crossings and in the “intersection areas”, including the entrance of a non-public road are thoroughly characterized. The paper is divided into three parts. The first one is devoted to the legal basis of signal traffic control in Poland, and description of the rules of traffic participants’ movement in the conditions of traffic controlled by traffic lights. The three-part paper, as a whole, will be crowned by the authors' conclusions in the final part, along with recommendations for amendments to the Act on Road Traffic and executive acts.
Zakaz korzystania z telefonu podczas jazdy. Analiza art. 45 ust. 2 pkt 1 ustawy Prawo o ruchu drogowym
Authors: Matejko Witold
Published: March 2024

The ban on using a phone while driving. Analysis of Art. 45 para. 2 section 1 of the Act on Road Traffic

The subject of the article is the ban on using a phone while driving, established by Art. 45 para. 2 section 1 of the Act on Road Traffic. The author expresses interpretative doubts concerning the text of the regulation including the meaning of the terms “using a phone”, the modal circumstance of “while driving”, as well as the term “requiring holding the earphone or microphone in the hand”. In the author’s opinion, the provision in question in its current wording, dating from 2002, is largely outdated and not adapter to modern reality. Moreover, it is worded incorrectly, to the extent that its literal interpretation deprives it of any normative significance.
Główne tezy najnowszego orzecznictwa Sądu Najwyższego w sprawach karnoskarbowych, dotyczącego błędu co do karalności z art.10 §4 k.k.s. na kanwie urządzania gier hazardowych
Authors: Frąckowiak Kamil
Published: March 2024

The main theses of the Polish Supreme Court's recent decisions in penal and fiscal cases concerning the error of punishability under Article 10 § 4 of the Polish Penal and Fiscal Code in the context of the organization of gambling games

The article presents an overview of the recent decisions of the Polish Supreme Court on the institution of an error as to punishability under Article 10 § 4 of the Polish Penal and Fiscal Code, which originated in the context of the factual situations in the field of fiscal offenses of organizing illegal gambling under Article 107 § 1 of the Polish Penal and Fiscal Code. Based on the analyzed judgments, using the dogmatic-legal method, it is possible to reach general conclusions in the context of the criteria for recognizing an error of punishability as excusable and inexcusable. The subject of an error of punishability is the criminal legal status of the behavior that fulfills the elements of the criminal act. Mistake as to punishability means that the Polish Penal and Fiscal Code places fewer requirements on the perpetrator than in the Polish Criminal Code, since in the case of mistake as to the punishability of an act it is only a matter of not knowing that the act is punishable. The exemption of guilt in case of an error of punishability occurs only if the perpetrator's mistake is considered excusable, i.e., one that the perpetrator could not avoid, not due to their recklessness or negligence.

It is necessary to accept the general conclusion from the Polish Supreme Court's decisions about stricter requirements in the context of justifying the offender's unawareness of criminality as an entrepreneur, for in the case of a business person, as a rule, a personal model with a higher standard of requirements is expected.
Rola radcy prawnego jako obrońcy z wyboru w postępowaniu przygotowawczym
Authors: Ochman Piotr
Published: March 2024

The role of attorney-at-law as defense counsel of choice in pre-trial proceedings

This article aims to present selected issues related to the participation of an attorney-at-law in pre-trial proceedings in criminal cases as a defense counsel of choice (excluding offense cases, fiscal offenses and fiscal crimes), taking into account the relevant rights and obligations of attorneys-at-law in connection with the provision of legal assistance set by the regulations of the Act on Attorneys-at-Law, the Polish Code of Criminal Procedure, as well as rules of professional deontology, particularly the Code of Ethics for Attorneys-at-Law.
Warunkowe przedterminowe zwolnienie z odbywania kary dożywotniego pozbawienia wolności – rozważania w świetle nowelizacji Kodeksu karnego
Authors: Niewiadomska-Krawczyk Magdalena
Published: March 2024

Conditional early release from life imprisonment – considerations in the light of the amendment to the Polish Penal Code

This article discusses the issue of conditional early release from life imprisonment. In the beginning, the author presents the characteristics of life imprisonment and the institution of conditional early release. Then, the author focuses on the changes introduced in the provisions of the Polish Penal Code regarding conditional early release from life imprisonment, pointing out the doubts and controversies related to them.
Glosa do wyroku Sądu Apelacyjnego w Warszawie z dnia 14 czerwca 2023 r., II AKa 272/22, dotyczącego zadośćuczynienia za niewątpliwie niesłuszne zatrzymanie (aprobująca)
Authors: Kosonoga Jacek
Published: March 2024

Gloss to the judgment of the Court of Appeals in Warsaw of June 14, 2023, case file no. II AKa 272/22 concerning compensation for undoubtedly wrongful detention (approving)

In the glossed decision, the Court of Appeals addressed the issue of compensation for unquestionably wrongful arrest. The Court of Appeals, while awarding the amount of PLN 15,000 on this ground, stated that it is adequate to the duration of deprivation of liberty, the physical suffering and negative psychological experiences suffered by the claimant, while also corresponding to the current socio-economic realities in Poland, without causing undue enrichment. The approving gloss to this ruling refers more extensively to the required standards regarding arrest and the procedural guarantees to which a detained person is entitled. Separate considerations concern the criteria for measuring compensation for unquestionably wrongful arrest.
Przegląd orzecznictwa Sądu Najwyższego (za okres listopad 2023–grudzień 2023)
Authors: Milkowski Kacper
Published: March 2024

Overview of the decisions of the Polish Supreme Court

The judgment of the Polish Supreme Court of December 20, 2023 (case file no. III CZP 41/23) is of particular importance for legal practice. The Court indicated that in the case of notifying the party or their representative about the impossibility of preparing a justification for the contested decision, appealing against this decision is not conditioned upon the effective submission of a request for justification and the delivery of the decision along with the justification. In the judgment of December 14, 2023 (case file no. III CZP 32/23), the Polish Supreme Court stated that in divorce cases, both those not concluded by July 3, 2021, and those initiated between July 3, 2021, and April 14, 2023, the first-instance court shall adjudicate with a single judge unless the president of the court orders the case to be heard by a panel of three judges. If such a case is heard by a single judge and two lay judges, the proceedings are null and void (Article 379 point 4 of the Polish Code of Civil Procedure).
Badania archeologiczne domniemanej mogiły powstańca styczniowego z 1863 r. w miejscowości Lipe, gm. Blizanów, pow. kaliski, woj. Wielkopolskie
Authors: Kędzierski Adam , Wyczółkowski Dariusz , Ziąbka Leszek
Published: March 2024

Archaeological Research of the Alleged Grave of a January Insurgent from 1863 in the village of Lipe, Blizanow Commune, Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship

In July 2023, verification archaeological research was conducted at the site of the alleged grave of a January insurgent in the village of Lipe, Blizanow Commune, Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship. On May 30, 1863, there was a skirmish between the tsarist army and insurgent units commanded by Colonel Edmund Callier. The violent clash, which broke out in the village of Borowiec, resulted in 14 deaths and left seven insurgents wounded. The fallen were buried at the local cemetery in Grodziec and the wounded found help and shelter among local people. According to oral history, one of the wounded allegedly reached the village of Jarantow Kolonia, where he was taken care of by the Mikolajczak family, but died of his wounds. His body was supposedly transferred near Pisko- Lipe and laid to rest in a nameless grave. A GPR survey undertaken before excavation works revealed soil disturbances in the vicinity of the wooden cross. The archaeological research did not confirm the existence of a grave in this area. There were modern destructions in the area where GPR detected soil disturbances, which indicates attempts to dig up the alleged grave. The insurgent may have been buried near the symbolic gravesite.
FASILITAS BELAJAR DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA SMA: UJI COBA VALIDITAS DAN RELIABILITAS
Authors: Dinda Melati Puji , Janati Salsabila , Mika  , Puspita Rini Eko
Published: March 2024

The study aims to find out how learning facilities influence student learning motivation. Education plays an important role in human resource development, and learning facilities are identified as factors that can affect the quality of learning. Through quantitative research methods, data was collected from 32 students using questionnaires that cover variables of learning facilities and learning motivation. The results of the data analysis showed that there was a relationship between students' perceptions of learning facilities and their level of learning motivation. The validity and reliability of the research instruments have been well tested. The conclusions of this study support theories that emphasize the importance of learning facilities in creating a conducive learning environment. Thus, improved learning facilities are expected to have a positive impact on student learning motivation.
Review of Edible Packaging from Durian Seed Starch with Kesum (Polygonum minus Huds) Leaf Extract as Active Food Packaging
Authors: Utami Cahyaning Rini , Swasono Muh. Aniar Hari
Published: March 2024

Edible packaging, crafted from edible materials like starch, proteins, and fats, ensures safety and consumability. Durian seeds emerge as a promising base material, offering robust protection against environmental factors. Additionally, Kesum leaves harbor antimicrobial compounds, enhancing packaging efficacy. This study utilizes a literature review with content and bibliometric analyses, referencing journals and Google Scholar for secondary data. Findings reveal the potential of incorporating edible coatings from durian seeds and Kesum leaf extract into products stored at freezing temperatures. This application extends shelf life, curbs lipid oxidation, and prevents rancidity despite quality decline. Harnessing the natural properties of durian seeds and Kesum leaves, this research presents an innovative solution to packaging challenges. Edible materials not only enhance safety but also bolster sustainability by reducing waste and environmental impact. The inclusion of antimicrobial compounds ensures product integrity during storage. This study highlights edible packaging's transformative potential in food preservation and sustainability, promising benefits for consumers and the environment alike.
A Water Scarcity Treaty for the Future
Authors: Robesin Marga
Published: March 2024

Water scarcity is an increasing global problem, but an international agreement on this issue does not exist. The UN Summit of the Future in September 2024 focuses on achieving existing international goals. The Water Convention and the Watercourses Convention however do not provide sufficient legal basis for mitigating global water scarcity.
Since international trade is an important cause, water footprint experts suggest measures from a geographic, a production and a consumption perspective. Obligations to set maximum water footprint caps on river basin level and to formulate international reference values for water efficiency (geographical and production measures) can be inserted in the existing conventions. A consumption-oriented target does not fit in their scope. A separate Water Scarcity Treaty, introducing a reduction target of the global average water footprint per capita per year, is needed. The next UN Water Conferences, in 2026 and 2028, offer new opportunities for proposals towards such a treaty.
Anne Sütü Arttırmada Galaktogog Kullanımının Etkinliği
Authors: Akbaba Asena Kübra , Yurtseven Kübra , Akdaş Reis Yıldız
Published: March 2024

Amaç: Annelerin çoğu doğumdan sonra bebeklerini emzirmeyi tercih etmektedir. Son veriler, yeni annelerin en az %75’inin bebeklerini emzirmeye çalıştığını göstermektedir. Emziren annelerde süt üretimini artırmak için kullanılan önemli sayıda galaktojenik takviye bulunmaktadır. Çeşitli galaktojenik takviyelerden elde edilen alkollü/sulu ekstraktların, biyolojik düzeyde çeşitli fizyolojik değişiklikler yoluyla süt üretimini koruduğu veya artırdığı bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, üç günlük galaktojen alımının annelerde süt üretimi üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, Ocak 2021’de doğum servisinde süt hacmi ve anne sütü ikamesi kullanımı rutin olarak kaydedilen annelerden elde edilen verileri retrospektif olarak analiz etti. Ankara Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Kadın Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’nde doğum yapmış, bebeği yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatan ve anne sütünü sağmak için düzenli olarak anne sütü ünitesine gelen annelerin verileri hastanenin kayıt sisteminden alındı. Galaktojen alan ve almayan anneler iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Sağılan süt miktarı başlangıçta ve memenin tamamen boşalmasından 3 saat sonra ve 4. gün belirlendi.
Bulgular: Dördüncü günün sonunda, galaktojen alan ve almayan annelerin ortalama süt hacimleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olmadığı bulunmuştur. Her iki grupta da çalışmanın başında sağılan anne sütü miktarı 4. günde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde artmıştır.
Sonuç: Literatürde kullanılan bazı galaktojenlerin anne sütü miktarını artırdığını bildiren çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Galaktojenlerin kullanımına yönelik öneriler sunmak ve güvenli kullanım hakkında detaylı bilgi sağlamak için daha kapsamlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
How Often Do We Discover an Abnormality of The Uterus at Delivery? Single Center Experience
Authors: Akkuş Zeki Cihad , Yucel Celik Ozge , Karadeniz R. Sinan
Published: March 2024

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the incidence of incidental uterine anomalies in the patient population who gave birth in our centre and to evaluate the perinatal outcomes.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of outcomes of patients with incidental uterine anomalies who delivered at a tertiary care center between January 2023 and December 2023. Patient data were obtained by searching hospital records.
Results: The data of 782 pregnant women who had given birth in the last eleven months were analyzed retrospectively. Three patients were found who could be included in the classification of uterine anomaly and who had not received prior diagnosis and treatment. The mean age was 30.0 years and the mean body mass index was 25.6 kg/m2. The mean gestational age of the patients was 37+0 weeks.
Conclusion: In this study, we found uterine abnormalities in 3 patients during cesarean delivery. It is important to note that these uterine abnormalities correlate least with pregnancy complications or fertilization success.
Mirror Sendromu: Olgu sunumu ve Her İki Ebeveynde ABHD5 Geninde Mutasyon
Authors: Kansu Çelik Hatice , Güler Melike
Published: March 2024

Mirror sendromu, maternal ödemin ayna görüntüsü olarak yansıyan fetal ve/veya plasental hidrops ile komplike nadir görülen olağan dışı bir gebelik patolojisidir. Fetal hidrops, plasental büyüme ve maternal ödemle karakterize, preeklampsiye benzer semptom ve bulgulara yol açabilen ciddi bir hastalıktır. Maternal ve fetal mortalite ve morbidite riski yaratan ciddi bir hastalıktır. Patogenezi tam olarak anlaşılamamıştır. Bu yazıda bir Mirror sendromu olgusu sunulmakta, ebeveynlerde saptanan genetik mutasyon varlığı ve bu sendromun klinik önemi tartışılmaktadır.
Distribution of Deliveries According to Robson Classification: Experiences in Tertiary Care
Authors: Tapkan Canan , Mutlu Sütcüoğlu Bengü , Yilmaz Elif
Published: March 2024

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the cesarean deliveries performed in the obstetrics clinic of our hospital according to the Robson classification and to determine the Robson group affecting the cesarean section rates.
Methods: The aim of the study was to retrospectively analyse caesarean deliveries in patients who applied to Ankara Ataturk Sanatorium Training and Research Hospital and whose deliveries were performed by using the Robson Ten Group Classification System. Our study group included pregnant women who were admitted to the delivery room of our hospital, who gave birth in our hospital and who did not have any obstetric risk factors. Demographic data of the patients were obtained from hospital records.
Results: According to the inclusion criteria, the data of 550 of these patients were evaluated. Accordingly, 249 of the deliveries were by caesarean section. The rate of caesarean section among all deliveries was 45.3%. 6.80% of the pregnant women who delivered by caesarean section were in the first group according to Robson classification (nulliparous, head presentation, ≥37 weeks, singleton, spontaneous onset of trauma) and 12.0% were in the second group according to Robson classification (nulliparous, head presentation, ≥37 weeks, induced or induced caesarean section before the onset of trauma, singleton).
Conclusion: The cesarean section rate in Turkey was 54.4% and the primary cesarean section rate was 26.5%. The risk of maternal morbidity and mortality and perinatal morbidity increases after an off-label caesarean section, leading to negative consequences in terms of maternal, neonatal and economic health.
Philosophical Scepticism and Western Medieval Theology. Roger Bacon: “The First True Scientist”
Authors:   Teaching Assistant, „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Faculty of Letters, Classical Philology, Guguianu Bogdan ,   Adress: Bulevardul Carol I, Nr. 11, 700506, Iaşi, România.
Published: March 2024

The main aim of this paper is to provide evidence for the inclusion of ancient philosophical scepticism in Christian theological discourse. The context is the environment of 13th-century Western Christianity, more specifically, one of its leading representatives, the theologian Roger Bacon. The study will be structured in three main parts, except for the introductory argument and conclusions. The first part will contain biographical and ideological notes on this author, the second will record the elements of scepticism likely to be taken up by Bacon’s vision, and the last part will show the specific presence of these elements in Western theologian thinking.
Doxorubicin-dependent skeletal muscle atrophy: exercise and mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Burçin Kubat Gökhan , Tuncer Meltem
Published: March 2024

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a type of chemotherapy with harmful side effects due to its accumulation in various tissues. DOX is widely known for having a significant effect on skeletal muscle atrophy. The most significant of these side effects is DOX-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle atrophy. Exercise is a treatment approach that serves to maintain muscle homeostasis by decreasing or eliminating these effects. The goal of this review article is to give current knowledge on the causes of DOX-induced skeletal muscle atrophy, the basic processes involved in mitochondrial dysfunction caused by DOX, and the effects of exercise on DOX-induced skeletal muscle atrophy.
Combining 3D SONAR with High Resolution Imaging to Improve Vision in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Authors: Chang Stephanie
Published: March 2024

Real-time, accurate imaging of improperly functioning tissue that causes atrial fibrillation (AF) is essential for successful catheter ablation procedures. Ablation procedures and success rates may be improved by overlaying intracardiac echocardiography with high resolution cardiac imaging. Data extracted from previous research reports that current pharmacological agents do not address the principal cause of AF. Unlike medication, catheter ablation resolves the issue by treating AF’s source. Therefore, catheter ablation is the better alternative. However, while catheter ablation is preferable to medication, the detail and accuracy of anatomical visualizations used to guide the catheter can be inconsistent. While real time guidance technology updates, the visibility quality is limited. However, detailed preliminary imaging does not accurately reflect the latest changes. This paper discusses the current limitations of catheter ablation and proposes real-time three-dimensional Sound Navigation and Ranging (SONAR) imaging paired with high-resolution cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) as a novel tool to improve live-imaging localizations and resolution for cardiac ablation procedures.
Role of Cigarette Butt in poor plant growth and nitrate levels
Authors: Molukutla Akshaj
Published: March 2024

4.5 trillion cigarette butts are littered worldwide per year. Beyond the environmental damage that the cigarette butts

themselves propagate through the ecosystem, the effects on plant reproduction and growth that cigarette butts pose is

relatively unstudied. The hypothesis was that microplastics from cigarette butts will decrease the plant’s nutrition by

decreasing nitrate levels in the soil and will also affect a plant's growth based on the toxic materials in the cigarette

butts. My procedure was that before I started the experiment, I would collect materials and make water solutions,

and grow the microgreen seeds. From Day 1, I would transfer and label seed groups and experimental test groups

with toothpick signs. Every day at 8 am, I would water each of the 15 seedlings with 1 mL of water or cigarette butt

water. I would measure the height of each sample and take the average. I would send it to the lab for plant tissue

testing. My final steps were to take the averages of height and mineral values for each experimental group, plot

trends using the averages over the days, analyze data, and trace the individual trends of each seedling height and

health for 11 or 16 days. Based on the given data of each graph of Brassica Oleracea over a 11-day period and

Helianthus Annuus over a 16-day period and plant nutrient reports, I can safely conclude that cigarettes butts do

affect plant growth and nitrate levels.
Information Source Attributes and Terrorism Risk Preparedness among the Residents of Nairobi City County
Authors: Waweru Miring’u Edward , Sakwa Prof.  M. M. , Bosire Dr. Julius
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The main purpose of the study was to establish   the association of source attributes and terrorism risk preparedness among the residents of Nairobi City County.

Materials and Methods: This study followed a mixed-methods design comprising mainly of a questionnaire survey complemented by observation,  key informant interviews and  document analysis, The design  employed  the Concurrent Convergent (Triangulation) Parallel strategy.  According to the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, Nairobi City County has a resident population of 4,397,073. A further estimated 2.5 million non-residents visit  the city-county daily for business, work, or as tourists and travelers in transit to other counties. Therefore, the target population for this study was approximately 6.5 million.  The study population was drawn using stratified purposive random sampling technique where the list of all the sampling locations was categorized into four strata. The sample size was 640 respondents who were proportionately randomly drawn from four different strata. 

Findings: Regression of coefficients showed that source attributes and terrorism risk preparedness were positively and significantly related (β=0.379, p=0.000). Specifically, 53.6% of the respondents agreed with the statement that receiving information from credible sources on terrorism attacks provides motivation for preparedness in case of a terrorist attack. Similarly, 64.8% agreed with the statement that consistency in terrorism risks communications provides motivation to preparedness behaviour adoption 62.6% of the respondents were in concurrence that competence among that communication terrorism risk preparedness was a motivating factor for preparedness. Further, only 43.1% of the respondents indicated that their organisations were using experts in terrorism risk communication and preparedness.  64.6% were of the opinion that involving non experts in decisions related to terrorism risk communications and preparedness can result in preparedness action taking laxity.

Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that professionals charged with emergency risk communication for terrorism preparedness should particularly: demonstrate expertise and competence in the subject matter to instill confidence in their audiences that the information is reliable and useful. This can be achieved by involving qualified professionals, experts, or organizations with relevant experience in emergency risk preparedness and build trust by being transparent, honest, and reliable in communication. Trust can also be enhanced by providing accurate information, acknowledging uncertainties when applicable, and addressing any concerns or doubts promptly.
Baby Weight and Length Measurement System with Data Storage Using MySQL Database
Authors: Sholeh Lubis Rifqi Kamaddin , Rasyid Rahmat , Yusfi Meqorry
Published: March 2024

Baby weight and length measurement system has been designed based on ultrasonic and load cell sensors with data storage using MySQL database and website interface. This research aims to produce a baby weight and length measurement system with microcontroller NodeMCU ESP32. The system is designed with an ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04 and four half-bridge load cells of 50 kg. The ultrasonic sensor works on the piezoelectric and inverse piezoelectric principles, while load cell sensors work on strain gauge principles. An ultrasonic sensor measures body length, while a load cell sensor measures body weight. According to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia’s regulations, this system also has an LCD 20×4 to display measurement and nutritional status assessment results. The experiment used four doll objects with different lengths and weights. This research shows that the ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04 used in this research has an average error of 0.494% in length measurement. The load cell sensor and HX711 ADC used in this research has an average error of 0.949% in weight measurement. The designed system automatically assesses the nutritional status and stores the measurement result and nutritional status in the database to be displayed on the website.
Application of the Ultrasonic Method to Produce Starch Nanoparticles from Cassava Starch
Authors: Hidayat Beni , Elsyana Vida , Simorangkir Sheniah Glori
Published: March 2024

Starch nanoparticles have the potential to be developed as a cassava starch derivative. The research aims to obtain the optimal process conditions (ultrasonic process time and starch concentration) to produce starch nanoparticles with the best characteristics. The treatment variables used in this study were the duration of the ultrasonication process (30, 60, and 90 minutes) and the starch concentration (1%, 2%, and 3%). The results showed that the ultrasonication process time and starch concentration affected the yield, particle size and distribution, polydispersity index, optical characteristics (transmittance), and clarity score of starch nanoparticles. Ultrasonic process time of 90 minutes and starch concentration of 3% will produce starch nanoparticle products with a yield of 13.68%, particle size ≤ 100 nm of 23.6%, average particle size of 230.8 nm with polydispersity index of 0.581, transmittance value of 61.27%, and a solution clarity score of 3.80 (not clear). Tapioca-based SNPs can be developed solely with ultrasonic method to simplify the process.
The Brand Image Perception of Indirect Comparative Advertisements: Lipton Ice Tea “Don’t Choose the Easy Way” Ad Case
Authors: Krom İpek , Tam Mehmet Sinan
Published: March 2024

Comparative advertising is to make comparisons between two brands by making indirect or direct explicit references to the product of a certain brand. Comparative advertising is used to reveal the advantages, differences and qualities of a certain product or brand in a way that will attract the attention of the consumer. The impact of comparative advertisements on brand image has been discussed by advertising agency managers and in academic researches for many years. For this purpose, a sample of 18 participants, 9 males and 9 females, aged 22-59, from different professional groups was selected for the study using purposive sampling. In the research where the content analysis method was used, the brand image perception of indirect comparative ads was examined through Lipton Ice Tea's 'Drink Lipton, Don't Choose the Easy Way' advertising case. According to the findings, the participants above middle age have a more positive attitude towards comparative ads and the purchasing intention of the female participants, especially mothers, increased after watching the ad.
Designing an innovative teaching device for the secondary education
Authors: Nebres Baby Boy Benjamin III
Published: March 2024

The study determine the utilization and effectiveness of the research-based innovative teaching devices in the Schools Division of Camarines Norte to provide an inventory of available research-based innovative teaching devices developed in the Division as to physical component, special features and mechanics of its utilization; determine the degree of utilization of the said teaching devices as assessed by the teachers along functionality, flexibility, support to teaching, technical considerations, and engagement and interactions of the user; determine the extent of effectiveness of the said teaching devices as assessed by the jurors as to scope, delivery of instruction, appropriateness of the content, and layout and presentation; and determine the experiences and challenges in the utilization of the said teaching devices. The developed research-based innovative teaching devices utilized by the teachers were moderately functional, flexible, supported teaching, considered technical aspects, and ensured the engagement and interaction of the user to a moderate extent only. Along with scope, delivery of instruction, and appropriateness of the content, layout, and presentation, the teaching devices were found to be effective to a moderate extent; thus, their effectiveness moderately contributes to the enhancement of the competencies, skills, and abilities of the students. The inclusion of learning activities suited to the learners that could be utilized by the teachers and students is being suggested. Enhancement training and the allocation of funds to sustain the implementation of the study are necessary to motivate teachers to do research and innovation.
Türkçe Öğretmeni Adaylarının Dinleme-İzlemeye Dayalı Metin Üretme Becerilerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Göçer Ali
Published: March 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının yazma eğitimi dersinde yetizleme tekniğiyle ürettikleri metinler üzerinden metin üretme becerilerini değerlendirmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Türkçe öğretmenliğinde okuyan öğretmen adaylarına 2021-2022 ve 2022-2023 öğretim yıllarında dinleme-izleme temelli metin oluşturma çalışmaları yaptırılmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi ve doküman inceleme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Üretilen metinler türlere göre ayrılarak tür bazında seçkisiz (random) örnekleme yoluyla 15 metin incelenecek çalışma dokümanı olarak belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen metinler betimsel analiz tekniğiyle incelenmiştir. İnceleme sonucunda yürütülen yetizleme çalışmasıyla öğretmen adaylarının 10 ayrı türde metin ürettikleri görülmüştür. Üretilen metinlerin yaklaşık %80’ini (87 metinden 68’i) söyleşi, öykü, şiir ve deneme türünde yoğunlaştığı ve bunun kaynak materyalde yer verilen katılımcıların konuşmalarıyla bütünleşme sağlayacak içerik açısından yerinde bir seçim olduğu değerlendirilmiştir. İnceleme sonucunda katılımcı puanlarının genel ortalamasına (91,46) göre, üretilen metinlerin yazıyı oluşturan unsurlar açısından çok iyi seviyede olduğu görülmüştür. Metinlerin yetizleme tekniğinin konu, içerik, metin türü ve tercih edilen anlatım biçiminin metin türüne uygunluğu ölçütlerine göre “Çok iyi” derecesinde uygun olduğu ancak “yalnızca incelenen metin -ya da kaynak materyalin- çerçevesi içinde kalınmadan ve başka verilerle desteklenerek zenginleştirilmiş olması” şeklinde belirtilen içerik özelliği dereceleme aralığında en düşük kaldığı görülmüştür. Öğretmen adaylarınca üretilen metinlerin Yazılı Anlatımı Puanlama Anahtarı ölçütlerine göre katılımcı puanlarının genel ortalaması 93,86 olup oluşturulan metinlerin genel olarak nitelikli ve yeterli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Exploring Teachers’ Perceptions of EFL Students’ Engagement in Collaborative Learning: Implementation Issues and Suggestions
Authors: Abbas Falah Alzubi Ali , Nazim Mohd , Ahmad Jalal
Published: March 2024

The evolving landscape of collaborative learning in English education for the last two decades has witnessed a notable research surge in diverse contexts. Nevertheless, empirical evidence suggests a noticeable dearth of attention or very limited emphasis, particularly within the setting of Arabic-native speaking countries on exploring English teachers’ perceptions concerning students' engagement in collaborative learning. Therefore, this study aims to identify teachers’ perceptions of EFL students’ engagement in collaborative learning with a special reference to implementation issues and solutions to address the challenges. The descriptive survey design was employed to attain the study objectives. A sample of (45) EFL teachers chosen following the convenient sampling method answered a closed-item questionnaire and did an interview. The results revealed that EFL teachers highly perceived implementing collaborative learning among university students in EFL classrooms. Also, the respondents’ teaching experiences did not impact their perceptions of implementing collaborative learning in EFL classrooms. In addition, gender did not play any role in affecting the respondents’ answers to implementing collaborative learning in EFL classrooms. Finally, the analysis of interview contents showed that the problems that teachers face in implementing collaborative learning include diverse language proficiency, cultural differences, impartial participation, personal conflicts, limited class time, access to resources, and lack of professional development. Additionally, the participants suggested differentiated teaching, encouraged participation, efficient time management, language skill grouping, and EFL-specific teacher training to make a collaborative learning environment effective.
Enhancing Stock Market Predictions through Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Dnyandev Sopan Musale
Published: March 2024

This paper explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques in stock market analysis and prediction. Traditional methods have limitations in capturing the complexities of market dynamics, leading to inaccuracies in forecasting. By leveraging AI algorithms such as machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing, significant advancements have been made in predicting stock trends, volatility, and optimal trading strategies. This paper reviews various AI models and approaches used in stock market analysis, discusses their strengths and limitations, and presents case studies demonstrating their effectiveness. Furthermore, it discusses the ethical implications and challenges associated with AI in stock market prediction, including data privacy concerns and algorithmic biases. Ultimately, this paper aims to provide insights into how AI can revolutionize stock market analysis and empower investors with more accurate decision-making tools
Edeka-Allianz Epic verzichtet auf Ica
Authors: Mende Jan
Published: March 2024

Die Edeka-Einkaufsallianz Epic setzt den Handelskonzern Ica vor die Tür. Es gab offenbar Streit, weil Ica Beschlüsse zum Umgang mit Lieferanten und Bestellstopps nicht umgesetzt hatte.
Ein Fest für Brauer
Authors: Hebben Miriam
Published: March 2024

Fußball ist für den Biermarkt der Konsumanlass schlechthin. Ob im Stadion, beim Public Viewing, in der Kneipe oder daheim: Die EM soll die Absatzstatistik der gebeutelten Branche verbessern. Miriam Hebben
Lidl nimmt es sportlich
Authors: Stockburger Manfred
Published: March 2024

Lange Zeit tat sich der Schwarz-Discounter schwer mit Sponsoring. Handball wurde schließlich zur Einstiegsdroge für den Händler, der mit Bayern München inzwischen auch in der Champions League unterwegs ist. Manfred Stockburger
Sport- und Energygetränke auf der Gewinnerspur
Authors: Krost Heidrun
Published: March 2024

Bei Softdrinks herrscht Absatzflaute. Einzig Sport- und Energygetränke legen dynamisch zu. Angetrieben auch von dem Auftauchen der neuen Trendmarke Prime, die vor allem über Social Media-Kanäle groß geworden ist.
Tchibo strafft Logistikstruktur
Authors: Bökamp Lena , Klug Denise
Published: March 2024

Tchibo reduziert Kosten und Komplexität in der Logistik. Online-Bestellungen wickelt das Hamburger Unternehmen nun schneller und konsolidiert in Tschechien ab.
Kaufland lässt die Werbetaler rollen
Authors: Rück Daniela
Published: March 2024

Der Food-Handel hat im Februar seine Werbeausgaben weiter hochgefahren. Kaufland ist Spitzenreiter im Ranking des Handels. Auch bei der FMCG-Industrie sitzt das Geld locker. Procter bleibt Big Spender.
Hybridarbeit bleibt die Regel
Authors: Rosbach Britta
Published: March 2024

Zurück ins Büro? Manche Großunternehmen geben diese Devise wieder vor. Doch die Arbeitsrealität sieht anders aus. Wie Homeoffice und Büropräsenz gewinnbringend verzahnt werden können, ist die zentrale Frage. Führende Händler und Hersteller haben darauf Antworten gefunden.
Süße Branche in Feierlaune
Authors: Fries Tanja
Published: March 2024

Bei der Frühjahrsgala des SG Network trifft sich die Süßwarenwirtschaft in München. Der Verband schafft den feierlichen Rahmen für die Ehrung verdienter Branchenpersönlichkeiten.
Bayer bietet KI-Tool
Authors: Deininger Olaf
Published: March 2024

Frankfurt a.M. Bayer AgPowered Services unterstützen Unternehmen mit gebrauchsfertigen digitalen Lösungen, um nachhaltige Anbaumethoden nachzuweisen.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT LÁC TRONG CƠ NĂNG CÓ ĐỘ LÁC LỚN Ở TRẺ EM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN MẮT TRUNG ƯƠNG NĂM 2022-2023
Authors: Hoàng Hoa Quỳnh , Nguyễn Văn Huy , Vũ Thị Bích Thủy
Published: March 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Lác trong cơ năng (LTCN) là hình thái lác hay gặp, có thể ảnh hưởng đến chức năng thị giác mà còn ảnh hưởng đến thẩm mỹ nếu không được điều trị kịp thời. Nghiên cứu nhằm đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật lác trong cơ năng có độ lác lớn ở trẻ em tại bệnh viện Mắt Trung Ương năm 2022-2023. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả tiến cứu trên 80 bệnh nhân tại bệnh viện Mắt Trung Ương từ tháng 8/2022 đến hết tháng 7 năm 2023. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân có kết quả cân bằng trục nhãn cầu tốt khi ra viện đạt 73,8%, kết quả khá đạt 12,5%, kết quả kém đạt 13,8%. Sau 3 tháng, tỷ lệ bệnh nhân có kết quả cân bằng trục nhãn cầu tốt đạt 85,0%, kết quả khá đạt 8,8%, kết quả kém đạt 6,3% sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê (p<0,05). Tỷ lệ cân bằng trục nhãn cầu tốt khi ra viện ở nhóm 50Δ-69Δ, nhóm 70Δ-89Δ và nhóm ≥90Δ lần lượt là 77,2%%, 66,7% và 60%. Tỷ lệ cân bằng trục nhãn cầu tốt sau 3 tháng ở 50Δ-69Δ, nhóm 70Δ-89Δ và nhóm ≥90Δ lần lượt là 89,5%; 88,9% và 80%. (p<0,05). Kết luận: Bệnh nhân có cải thiện tốt sau khi và viện và sau 3 tháng. Cần có thêm nghiên cứu nhằm theo dõi và đánh giá phẫu thuật lác trong cơ năng có độ lác lớn ở trẻ em.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT VÉT HẠCH MẠC TREO TRÀNG DƯỚI BẢO TỒN ĐỘNG MẠCH ĐẠI TRÀNG TRÁI ĐIỀU TRỊ UNG THƯ ĐẠI TRÀNG SIGMA - TRỰC TRÀNG CAO TẠI BỆNH VIỆN K
Authors: Chử Quốc Hoàn
Published: March 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật vét hạch Mạc treo tràng dưới bảo tồn động mạch Đại tràng trái điều trị ung thư đại tràng Sigma trực tràng tại Bệnh viện K. Đối tượng và phương pháp: 48 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán sau mổ là ung thư đại tràng Sigma - trực tràng cao, được phẫu thuật cắt đoạn đại tràng Sigma – trực tràng, vét hạch đến gốc động mạch Mạc treo tràng dưới bảo tồn động mạch Đại tràng trái. Phương pháp nghiên cứu hồi cứu kết hợp tiến cứu. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình của bệnh nhân là 59,7 tuổi; nam chiếm 52,1% và nữa chiếm 47,9%. 52,1% bệnh nhân có u chiếm hơn nửa chu vi trên nội soi. Đánh giá sau mổ tỉ lệ các nhóm T1 là 10,4%, T2 chiếm 16,7%, T3 12,5%, T4a 56,2% và T4b 4,2%. Số lượng hạch trung bình vét được là 15,0 hạch. Tỉ lệ hạch di căn 41,7% và chưa di căn hạch chiếm 58,3%. Thời gian phẫu thuật trung bình 96,5 phút và nằm viện trung bình 7,3 ngày. Không có bệnh nhân gặp tai biến biến chứng trong mổ. Sau mổ không gặp trường hợp nào xuất hiện chảy máu sau mổ, rò bục miệng nối, tắc ruột sau mổ. Không gặp trường hợp nào tử vong hoặc mổ lại trong 30 ngày sau mổ. Sau thời gian theo dõi trung bình 12,1 tháng không phát hiện trường hợp nào tái phát, tử vong. Kết luận: phẫu thuật vét hạch Mạc treo tràng dưới bảo tồn động mạch Đại tràng trái trong điều trị ung thư đại tràng Sigma trực tràng cao là kỹ thuật đơn giản, dễ thực hiện, bước đầu cho kết quả tốt cả về ngoại khoa khi ghi nhận tỉ lệ tai biến, biến chứng thấp cũng như kết quả tốt về ung thư học.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT NỘI SOI SAU PHÚC MẠC LẤY SỎI NIỆU QUẢN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC Y HÀ NỘI GIAI ĐOẠN 2020 - 2023
Authors: Trần Quốc Hòa , Đậu Xuân Yên
Published: March 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật nội soi lấy sỏi niệu quản sau phúc mạc tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: mô tả cắt ngang, hồi cứu 40 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán xác định sỏi niệu quản và phẫu thuật nội soi sau phúc mạc lấy sỏi tại bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội từ 01/2020 đến 11/2023. Kết quả: 40 bệnh nhân gồm 31 nam (77,5%) và 9 nữ (22,5%). Tuổi trung bình là 54,18 ± 9,82 tuổi. (37 – 72 tuổi). Thời gian phẫu thuật trung bình 70,0 ± 23,5 phút. Thành công 100%. Tai biến trong phẫu thuật: 2 bệnh nhân rách phúc mạc (5,0%), 1 bệnh nhân chảy máu tĩnh mạch sinh dục (2,5%), 2 bệnh nhân tràn khí dưới da (5,0%). Số ngày nằm viện sau mổ trung bình 3,52 ± 1,1 ngày. Biến chứng sớm sau phẫu thuật: 1 bệnh nhân rò nước tiểu, 1 bệnh nhân chảy máu qua dẫn lưu ở bệnh nhân dùng lại thuốc chống đông sớm. Kết luận: Phẫu thuật nội soi sau phúc mạc lấy sỏi niệu quản là một phương pháp ít xâm lấn, an toàn và hiệu quả đối với sỏi niệu quản 1/3 trên và 1/3 giữa.
ĐÁNH GIÁ TÌNH TRẠNG VÕNG MẠC TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TỈNH NINH BÌNH
Authors: Nguyễn Trung Hiếu , Phạm Trọng Văn
Published: March 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng bệnh võng mạc đái tháo đường tại bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Ninh Bình; Đánh giá giai đoạn bệnh võng mạc đái tháo đường và các yếu tố liên quan; Khảo sát ứng dụng trí tuệ nhân tạo đánh giá võng mạc trên bệnh nhân đái tháo đường. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: tất cả bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán bệnh đái tháo đường đến khám và điều trị tại phòng khám Nội Tiết và khoa Nội tiết, Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Ninh Bình từ tháng 1/2023 đến tháng 9/2023. Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 321 bệnh nhân với 642 mắt. Kết quả ảnh màu đáy mắt được đọc bởi bác sĩ nhãn khoa chuyên ngành dịch kính võng mạc, áp dụng tiêu chuẩn phân loại của Hội đồng Nhãn khoa Quốc tế 2017 (International Council of Ophthalmology - ICO) và được so sánh với kết quả trên phần mềm ứng dụng trí tuệ nhân tạo Cybersight AI. Kết quả: Độ tuổi trung bình các bệnh nhân trong nghiên cứu là  68,4 ± 9,5 tuổi, tỷ lệ bệnh nhân nữ chiếm ưu thế hơn so với bệnh nhân nam, chiếm 71%. Bệnh nhân đái tháo đường típ 2 chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất là 93,5%, thời gian bị đái tháo đường của nhóm nghiên cứu chủ yếu là nhóm bệnh nhân có thời gian phát hiện đái tháo đường dưới 10 năm, chiếm 54,9%. Tỷ lệ bệnh võng mạc đái tháo đường là 152 mắt, chiếm 23,7%. Giai đoạn bệnh VMĐTĐ khi chẩn đoán chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất là ở giai đoạn không tăng sinh mức độ nhẹ (chỉ có vi phình mạch) với hơn 8%. Có 5% mắt được chẩn đoán VMĐTĐ giai đoạn tăng sinh. Những mắt không có tổn thương VMĐTĐ rõ ràng chiếm tỷ lệ 76,3%.Có mối liên quan chặt chẽ giữa nồng độ HbA1C, thời gian mắc bệnh với tình trạng tổn thương võng mạc với p < 0,05. Khi phân tích ảnh chụp võng mạc qua hệ thống đọc ảnh AI của phần mềm Cybersight, tỷ lệ bệnh võng mạc đái tháo đường chiếm 18,2%. Giai đoạn không tăng sinh mức độ nhẹ chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất với 7,6%. Những mắt không có tổn thương VMĐTĐ rõ ràng chiếm tỷ lệ 81,6%. - Độ nhạy của hệ thống AI trên phần mềm Cybersight đối chiếu với kết quả đọc ảnh của bác sĩ nhãn khoa lâm sàng là Se =70% , độ đặc hiệu Sp= 98%. Kết luận: Trên cơ sở phân tích những kết quả nghiên cứu đã thu được khi tiến hành phân tích ảnh chụp đáy mắt của các bệnh nhân ĐTĐ tại bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Ninh Bình để phân loại bệnh VMĐTĐ bởi bác sĩ lâm sàng và hệ thống AI trên phần mềm Cybersight trên 642 mắt của 321 bệnh nhân, Độ nhạy của hệ thống AI trên phần mềm Cybersight đối chiếu với kết quả đọc ảnh của bác sĩ nhãn khoa lâm sàng là Se =70% , độ đặc hiệu Sp= 98%. Có mối liên quan chặt chẽ giữa nồng độ HbA1C, đường huyết với tình trạng tổn thương VMĐTĐ.