bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dinâmica atmosférica e saúde respiratória em Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Sodré Felipe , Fraifeld Felipe
Published: March 2015

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre a atividade industrial e a dinâmica atmosférica no município de Duque de Caxias (estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil), e sua possível consequência na saúde respiratória da população. Para tanto, realizou-se minuciosa pesquisa nos principais temas abordados: poluição atmosférica, saúde respiratória e dinâmica atmosférica.
New mechanism for the cosmological red-shift explaining: non-observation of dark energy, large-number- coincidence and the cosmic coincidence
Authors: Tank Hasmukh K.
Published: March 2015

Accepting Einstein’s General Relativity Theory, that the changes in the gravitational field can propagate at the speed of light, it is proposed here that: before an electron in an atom emits a photon, the energy (h f0) of the photon was a part of total energy of the atom; contributing to establish the gravitational-field around the atom. As soon as an electron in that atom emits a photon of energy h f0, and the photon starts moving away from the atom, the gravitational-field around the atom partly reduces, proportional to the photon’s energy h f0, and this wave of ‘reduced gravitational field’ propagates radially-outwards at the speed of light. And a part of energy of the photon gets spent in “filling” the ‘gravitational potential-well’ produced by its energy, when it was a part of energy of the atom. From the derivation presented here we find that the energy spent by the photon to “fill” the ‘gravitational potential-well’, during its inter-galactic journey manifests as the ‘cosmological red-shift’. And the so called ‘total-mass-of-the-universe'’ and ‘radius-of-the-universe'’ are just mathematically-equivalent mass and distance arising while converting electrostatic potential-energy into gravitational potential-energy. This is the reason why we find the large-number-coincidence (LNC). And since there is no expansion of the universe, there is no ‘cosmic coincidence’, that why only in this epoch we find the ‘large-number-coincidence’!
New Product Design: Concept, Measurement, and Consequences
Authors: Homburg Christian , Schwemmle Martin , Kuehnl Christina
Published: March 2015

Product design is a source of competitive advantage for companies and is an important driver of company performance. Drawing on an extensive literature review and consumer interviews, the authors define product design and its dimensions. Using data from three samples (6,418 U.S. consumers and 1,083 and 583 European consumers), the authors develop and validate a new scale to measure product design along the dimensions of aesthetics, functionality, and symbolism. In addition, they investigate the impact of these design dimensions on purchase intention, word of mouth, and willingness to pay. The results indicate that the design dimensions positively influence willingness to pay and also have a positive effect on purchase intention and word of mouth, both directly and indirectly through brand attitude.
Silicon photonics WDM transmitter with single section semiconductor mode-locked laser
Authors: Müller Juliana , Hauck Johannes , Shen Bin , Romero-García Sebastian , Islamova Elmira , Azadeh Saeed Sharif , Joshi Siddharth , Chimot Nicolas , Moscoso-Mártir Alvaro , Merget Florian , Lelarge François , Witzens Jeremy
Published: March 2015

We demonstrate a wavelength domain-multiplexed (WDM) optical link relying on a single section semiconductor mode-locked laser (SS-MLL) with quantum dash (Q-Dash) gain material to generate 25 optical carriers spaced by 60.8 GHz, as well as silicon photonics (SiP) resonant ring modulators (RRMs) to modulate individual optical channels. The link requires optical reamplification provided by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) in the system experiments reported here. Open eye diagrams with signal quality factors (Q-factors) above 7 are measured with a commercial receiver (Rx). For higher compactness and cost effectiveness, reamplification of the modulated channels with a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) operated in the linear regime is highly desirable. System and device characterization indicate compatibility with the latter. While we expect channel counts to be primarily limited by the saturation output power level of the SOA, we estimate a single SOA to support more than eight channels. Prior to describing the system experiments, component design and detailed characterization results are reported including design and characterization of RRMs, ring-based resonant optical add-drop multiplexers (RR-OADMs) and thermal tuners, S-parameters resulting from the interoperation of RRMs and RR-OADMs, and characterization of Q-Dash SS-MLLs reamplified with a commercial SOA. Particular emphasis is placed on peaking effects in the transfer functions of RRMs and RR-OADMs resulting from transient effects in the optical domain, as well as on the characterization of SS-MLLs in regard to relative intensity noise (RIN), stability of the modes of operation, and excess noise after reamplification.
On the existence of solutions for nonlocal boundary value problems
Authors: Szymańska-Dębowska Katarzyna
Published: March 2015

This paper deals with the existence of solutions for a system of k equations

x

'
'

=
f

(
t
,
x
,

x
'

)

,

${x^{\prime \prime }=f(t,x,x^{\prime }),}$

where

f
:

[
0
,
1
]

×

ℝ
k

×

ℝ
k

→

ℝ
k

${f\colon [0,1]\times \mathbb {R}^{k}\times \mathbb {R}^{k}\rightarrow \mathbb {R}^{k}}$

is a vector function, subject to various nonlocal boundary conditions.
The method is to impose an a priori bound condition on f and apply the Leray–Schauder fixed point theorem.
Our results extend some results in the
references and also provide the information on the existence of stationary solutions for the heat equation with nonlinear gradient source terms.
Nonimmune fetal ascites: identification of ultrasound findings predictive of perinatal death
Authors: Baccega Felipe , de Lourdes Brizot Maria , Jornada Krebs Vera Lúcia , Vieira Francisco Rossana Pulcineli , Zugaib Marcelo
Published: March 2015

To determine the ultrasonographic findings that predict death in fetal ascites.

This was a retrospective cohort study involving pregnancies with ultrasonographic findings related to fetal ascites. The inclusion criteria were as follows: single pregnancy with a live fetus; ultrasound findings of ascites; ascites unrelated to maternal fetal alloimmunization; and pregnancy follow-up at our institution. The

A total of 154 pregnancies were included in the study. In 8 (5.19%) cases, ascites was an isolated finding, and in 146 cases, other alterations were observed during the ultrasound evaluation. Death before hospital discharge occurred in 117 cases (76.00%). The following ultrasonographic findings were significantly associated with death: gestational age at diagnosis <24 weeks (P<0.0001); stable/progressive ascites evolution (P=0.004); the presence of hydrops (P<0.0001); and the presence of cystic hygroma (P<0.0001). The presence of hydrops, the presence of respiratory tract malformations, and stable/progressive ascites evolution were significantly associated with the prediction of death.

Based on ultrasound examination, the presence of hydrops, malformation of the respiratory tract, and stable/progressive evolution of ascites increase the chances of death in cases of fetal ascites.
Spectroscopic investigations on sorption of uranium
onto suspended bentonite: effects of pH, ionic strength and
complexing anions
Authors: Verma Parveen Kumar , Pathak Priyanath , Mohapatra Manoj , Yadav Ashok Kumar , Jha Sambhunath , Bhattacharyya Dibyendu , Mohapatra Prasanta Kumar
Published: March 2015

Batch sorption experiments were carried out under aerobic conditions to understand the sorption behavior of U(VI) onto bentonite clay
under varying pH (2–8) and ionic strength (I = 0.01 – 1 M (NaClO4)) conditions. The influences of different
complexing anions (1 · 10
–4 M) such as oxalic acid (ox), carbonate (CO3
2–
), citric acid (cit), and humic acid (HA,
10 mg/L) on the sorption behavior were also investigated. The sorption of U(VI) increased with increasing pH up to pH 6
beyond which a decrease was attributed to the formation of anionic carbonate species. Marginal influence of the change in the ionic
strength of the medium on the sorption profile of uranium suggested inner-sphere complexation onto the bentonite surface. The presence
of humic acid showed interesting sorption profile with varying pH. Initially, there was an enhancement in the sorption with increased
pH followed by a plateau and finally a decrease thereafter due to the formation of aqueous U(VI)-humate complexes. Spectroscopic
studies such as UV spectrophotometry, luminescence and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements were also
performed to understand the changes in aqueous speciation of U(VI) ion. The luminescence yields of different aqueous U(VI) species
followed the order: U(VI)Hydroxy >
U(VI)HumicAcid
> U(VI)carbonate > U(VI)citrate. The lower luminescence yield of U(VI)carbonate complex can
be attributed to the strong dynamic quenching by carbonate at room temperature. The U(VI) samples shows two distinct life-time
suggesting the presence of the different luminescent U(VI) species. Similar trend was observed for U(VI)-bentonite suspension in
presence/absence of the complexing ligands. There was luminescence quenching for the sorbed U(VI) due to surface complexation. These
observations were further supported by spectrophotometric measurements. EXAFS spectra of U(VI) samples were recorded in luminescence
mode at the U L
3 edge. There was shift in the absorbance edge which was attributed to decrease in electron density at U(VI) due to
surface or ligand complexation. The R space spectra are mainly dominated by the back-scattering from the axial oxygens in the first
shell. The inner-sphere multinuclear complex formation takes place during the U(VI) sorption onto bentonite.
A copula-based hierarchical hybrid loss distribution
Authors: Bernardi Enrico , Romagnoli Silvia
Published: March 2015

We propose a model for the computation of
the loss probability distribution allowing to take into account the
not-exchangeable behavior of a portfolio clustered into several
classes of homogeneous loans. These classes are classified as `large' or `small' depending on their cardinality. The hierarchical hybrid copula-based model (HHC for short) follows the idea of the clusterized homogeneous copula-based approach (CHC) and its limiting version or the limiting clusterized copula-based model (LCC) proposed in our earlier work. This model allows us to recover a
possible risk hierarchy. We suggest an algorithm to compute the HHC loss distribution and we compare this cdf with that computed through the CHC and LCC approaches (in the Gaussian and Archimedean limit) and also with the pure limiting approaches which are commonly used for high-dimensional problems. We study the scalability of the algorithm.
Clathrin-Independent Trafficking of AMPA Receptors
Authors: Glebov Oleg O. , Tigaret Cezar M. , Mellor Jack R. , Henley Jeremy M.
Published: March 2015

Membrane trafficking of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) is critical for neuronal function and plasticity. Although rapid forms of AMPAR internalization during long-term depression (LTD) require clathrin and dynamin, the mechanisms governing constitutive AMPAR turnover and internalization of AMPARs during slow homeostatic forms of synaptic plasticity remain unexplored. Here, we show that, in contrast to LTD, constitutive AMPAR internalization and homeostatic AMPAR downscaling in rat neurons do not require dynamin or clathrin function. Instead, constitutive AMPAR trafficking is blocked by a Rac1 inhibitor and is regulated by a dynamic nonstructural pool of F-actin. Our findings reveal a novel role for neuronal clathrin-independent endocytosis controlled by actin dynamics and suggest that the interplay between different modes of receptor endocytosis provides for segregation between distinct modes of neuronal plasticity.
Cultural Indigestion in Multicultural Australia
Authors: Anderson Lara , Benbow Heather Merle
Published: March 2015

In Australian public discourse food multiculturalism has been celebrated as a sign of the country’s openness to migrant cultures. Yet, as we show in this article, this apparent celebration of Australia’s ethnically diverse foodscape has emerged alongside a virulent culinary xenophobia at the level of public discourse. In particular, we identify how fears about Asian immigration are often expressed in a distaste for foreign food in the Australian media and official discourse. First, we demonstrate how an advertising campaign jointly funded by government and Australian industry deployed a xenophobic fear of contamination to encourage consumers to avoid food imports and buy Australian foods instead. We then look at how newspaper and television coverage of food poisoning in restaurants and food courts suggests a link between ethnicity and contamination. This analysis of a range of public attitudes to “foreign” foodstuffs highlights that the mainstream enjoyment of ethnic cuisines is not a panacea for long-standing xenophobic discourses.
Chronic administration of AM251 improves albuminuria and renal tubular structure in obese rats
Authors: Jenkin Kayte A , O'Keefe Lannie , Simcocks Anna C , Grinfeld Esther , Mathai Michael L , McAinch Andrew J , Hryciw Deanne H
Published: March 2015

Modulation of the endocannabinoid system as an anti-obesity therapeutic is well established; however, the direct effects of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) antagonism on renal function and structure in a model of diet-induced obesity (DIO) are unknown. The aim of this study was to characterise the renal effects of the CB1antagonist AM251 in a model of DIO. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed a low- or high-fat diet (HFD: 40% digestible energy from lipids) for 10 weeks to elicit DIO (n=9). In a different cohort, rats were fed a HFD for 15 weeks. After 9 weeks consuming a HFD, rats were injected daily for 6 weeks with 3 mg/kg AM251 (n=9) or saline via i.p. injection (n=9). After 10 weeks consuming a HFD, CB1and megalin protein expression were significantly increased in the kidneys of obese rats. Antagonism of CB1with AM251 significantly reduced weight gain, systolic blood pressure, plasma leptin, and reduced albuminuria and plasma creatinine levels in obese rats. Importantly, there was a significant reduction in tubular cross-section diameter in the obese rats treated with AM251. An improvement in albuminuria was likely due to the reduction in tubular size, reduced leptinaemia and maintenance of megalin expression levels. In obese rats, AM251 did not alter diastolic blood pressure, sodium excretion, creatinine clearance or expression of the fibrotic proteins VEGFA, TGFB1 and collagen IV in the kidney. This study demonstrates that treatment with CB1antagonist AM251 improves renal outcomes in obese rats.
Imagining the moral self
Authors: Barber Annice I.
Published: March 2015

This ethnographic study analyzes the negotiation of moral identity for urban adolescents through an examination of communicative practices employed in a community youth organization. More specifically, through participant observation, conversation analysis and study of cultural practices, I investigate how teens and adult leaders communicate in small group discussions to apply a framework for judging the morality of thoughts and actions. I restrict my analysis by focusing on imaginative collated narratives used in the negotiation of moral identity and in the socialization of the teens into a moral framework. Collated narratives are paired narratives that are carefully compared to note any points of disagreement so that some goal, such as moral development, may be accomplished. With the imaginative collated narratives in this youth group, Jesus is normally the protagonist in the exemplar narrative. The exemplar is collated with the essay narrative, which has a “you” protagonist. When collated, the exemplar provides the benchmark for moral assessment of the action and the protagonist in the essay.
Mundane morality
Authors: Stokoe Elizabeth , Edwards Derek
Published: March 2015

The paper introduces the concept of ‘mundane morality’, which refers to the practices of everyday life in which people mix moral evaluations, a sense of right and wrong, blame and culpability, etc., with ordinary accounts and descriptions of persons, actions, and events. Challenging traditional psychological work on moral development, including Gilligan's work on the gendered nature of moral reasoning, we argue that ‘morality’ is best understood as a communicative practice. Rather than focus on identifying gendered styles of moral reasoning, we show how gender is invoked to do moral work in an episode of recorded neighbour dispute mediation. We analyse the way in which parties make complaints on the basis of gendered category memberships, and show how ‘the accountability of social conduct brings directly into focus moral dimensions of language use’ (Drew 1998: 295). Overall, we aim to show how to analyse ‘moral reasoning’ as it happens; as it is imbricated in the daily practices of everyday life.
LĖTINE INKSTŲ LIGA SERGANČIŲ VAIKŲ KRAUJAGYSLIŲ KALCIFIKACIJA IR KALCIFIKACIJOS PROFILAKTIKA
Authors: Viršilas Ernestas , Jankauskienė Augustina , Shroff Rukshana
Published: March 2015

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major contributing factor of morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Increased burden of CVD is partly due to damage to the arterial vessels by the uremic environment. Purpose of this article is to outline main calcification mechanism taking place and address each of the occurring biochemical and mineral imbalances in CKD population. In end stage renal disease (ESRD) calcification promoters and inhibitors intertwine with each other resulting in vascular calcification, a subject of great complexity. Vascular calcification share many similarities to bone ossification and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are crucial to the process. Steps to undergo osteochondrocytic conversion are explained as well as biomarkers possibly postponing or reversing the process. Data from clinical trials, animal model in in vivo and ex vivo human vessel models are used to represent vascular calcification and it’s contributing factors.
First detection of Macrorhabdus ornithogaster in wild Eurasian Siskins (Carduelis spinus) in Germany
Authors: Stelter R. , Jung A. , Wohlsein P. , Kummerfeld N. , Legler M.
Published: March 2015

The colonization of the gastric ascomycetous yeast Macrorhabdus (M.) ornithogaster could be associated with a chronic wasting disease in several bird species in captivity. The prevalence and clinical relevance of M. ornithogaster in wild birds is unknown in detail.

In the wintering season 2012/13 injured Eurasian Siskins (Carduelis spinus, n = 8) from the area of Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany were examined microbiologically and pathologically.

In six out of eight injured Eurasian Siskins M. ornithogaster were detected. The yeast was diagnosed microscopically in wet smears from the gastric isthmus and/or in faecal samples. Histopathological examination (n = 4) of the macroscopically slightly enlarged proventriculus in infected birds demonstrated the growth of M. ornithogaster in the mucosal surface and in the ducts of the glands without an inflammatory reaction. As a possible sign of a lowered fitness, all six infected siskins had a reduced body weight (mean: 11.8 ± 1.64 g) in the lower normal weight range compared to the two injured Eurasian Siskins without M. ornithogaster (15.0 g) as well as to data from the literature. Concurrent intestinal bacterial infections comprised Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens or Salmonella Typhimurium, that are regarded as an abnormal bacterial flora for Eurasian Siskins.

Infections with M. ornithogaster can be found in the wild population of Eurasian Siskins in Germany. The frequent occurrence of secondary bacterial infections associated with M. ornithogaster infections should be considered in the treatment and rehabilitation of finches.
Local energy markets to sustain distribution network storage
Authors: Tomlinson Clive
Published: March 2015

Energy storage in distribution networks as a means of enabling distributed renewable generation has been widely discussed. However, little attention has been given to how such storage may be made economically viable. Present energy market models are inimical to deployment of storage in the network. As an alternative, this paper introduces the mechanics of local energy markets in which energy prices are set freely between participants, in real time. It reports modelling, simulation and laboratory trial of such markets. It shows that a local energy market can enable financial return for energy storage when deployed as a commercial instrument. It incidentally demonstrates that where a local energy market coincides with a low-voltage feeder, commercial storage management tends to reduce peak flows at the constrained interface between the low-voltage feeder and the distribution network. Increased densities of distributed generation are, therefore, made possible. Trading intervention by network operators may influence storage behaviour in ways that reduce the peak flows further.
ROBOTIC MECHANOTHERAPY IN REHABILITATION OF CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY AFTER COMBINED ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY
Authors: Ikoeva Galina Alexandrovna , Kivoenko Olga Ivanovna
Published: March 2015

The article represents a clinical research of 20 patients with infantile cerebral paralysis, who had got an early motor rehabilitation after complex orthopedic and neurosurgical treatment. The comparative analysis of results after traditional exercise therapy and mechanotherapy was carried out with the use of robotic system “Lokomat”. It was set up that early use of robotized mechanotherapy during postoperative period reduces significantly the time of motor rehabilitation in comparison with traditional exercise therapy.
STABILOMETRICAL ESTIMATING METHOD OF FUNCTIONAL RESULTS OF TREATMENT IN CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL CLUBFOOT
Authors: Nikityuk Igor Evgenjevich , Klychkova Irina Yurjevna
Published: March 2015

Stabilometrical study was performed in 58 patients with congenital clubfoot aged from 5 to 16 years old not only before the conservative and surgical treatment, but also in the long-term period after correction of foot deformities - from 2 to 10 years. Among them 39 patients had both affected feet, 8 - only the right foot and 11 - only the left one. The most significant imbalance of the body was observed in patients with unilateral lesions of the feet, while the correlation patterns of deviation of body pressure center were detected in the frontal plane: the dislocation to the left - in right-side clubfoot and to the right - in left-side clubfoot. The functional state of musculoskeletal system of patients with unilateral clubfoot depends on the affected side; herewith statokinetic abnormalities are more marked in right-side clubfoot. As a result of the treatment of patients with different forms of clubfoot, a clearly positive dynamics of biomechanical changes was observed, e.g. increased functional activity of the operated feet and lower limbs as a whole.
THE HISTORY OF THE METHOD OF DISTRACTION OSTEOSYNTHESIS IN HAND SURGERY, ITS DEVELOPMENT AND CURRENT STATE
Authors: Zavarukhin Vladimir Ivanovich , Golyana Sergey Ivanovich , Govorov Anton Vladimirovich
Published: March 2015

This article is a brief historical review of distraction osteogenesis development in hand surgery. It describes the key steps in the evolution of methods beginning with immobilization and external fixation up to the distraction method in orthopaedics and its introduction in hand surgery.
TOTAL JOINT REPLACEMENT OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY IN PATIENTS WITH JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS
Authors: Goodman Stuart B.
Published: March 2015

Joint replacement of the lower extremity in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is becoming more commonly performed worldwide. These young adults experience severe pain and disability from end-stage arthritis, and require joint replacement of the hip or knee to alleviate pain, and restore ambulation and function. These procedures are very challenging from the anesthesia and surgical point of view, due to small overall proportions, numerous bony and other deformities and soft tissue contractures. Joint replacement operations for JIA are best performed by experienced teams, where pre-operative and peri-operative care, and post-operative rehabilitation can be optimized in a collaborative, patient-centered environment.
DISLOCATION OF THE SHOULDER JOINT IN CHILDREN
Authors: Proshchenko Yaroslav Nikolaevich , Drozdetskiy Alexey Polikarpovich , Ovsyankin Anatoly Vasilevich , Bortulev Pavel Igorevich
Published: March 2015

The article presents a review of the literature, visited various forms of dislocations of the shoulder joint in children, the methods of diagnostics and treatment.
ATTITUDE TO THE DISEASE IN CHILDREN WITH IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS IN THE CONTEXT OF PARENTAL MINDSET
Authors: Piatakova Galina Viktorovna , Vissarionov Sergei Valentinovich
Published: March 2015

The approach to the healing process of idiopathic scoliosis in terms of the biopsychosocial model of disease, which involves consideration of factors of biological, social, psychological nature, is reviewed. Factors of a psychological nature provide adaptive behavior of the patient in the hospital, and coordinated participation of various specialists in the treatment and rehabilitation of the patient in a situation of complicated treatment. Idiopathic scoliosis is a disease that is accompanied with physical and moral suffering and defines the conditions of mental development and functioning of sick children and their parents in a situation of progressive disease. Under these conditions, an important factor in coping with the situation of the disease and the successful rehabilitation treatment is harmonious attitude of the sick child to the disease. Personal problems of parents of sick children, manifested in their disharmonious attitude to the disease, reduce the adaptive capacity of children in hospital. In this connection, it is necessary to perform participation of clinical psychologists who provide the necessary information concerning the interactions of medical staff with patients and their parents on the stages of orthopedic treatment by doctors and other staff, as well as to provide the necessary psychological support for sick children and their parents.
METAPHYSEAL FIBROUS DEFECTS AND NONOSSIFYING BONE FIBROMA IN CHILDREN: CLINICAL TYPES AND TREATMENT
Authors: Chigvariya Nikolai Georgievich , Pozdeev Aleksander Pavlovich , Bergaliev Artur Nuralievich
Published: March 2015

The paper presents the results of a comprehensive examination and treatment of 158 children and adolescents with nonossifying bone fibroma and skeleton, who referred for specialized medical aid in clinic of Scientific and Research Institute for Children's Orthopedics n. a. G. I. Turner from 1980 to 2013. We defined diagnostic value and the criteria for identifying lesions using X-ray, computed tomography and radionuclide methods. We emphasized the dynamic variability of clinical and radiological manifestations of the pathological process in nonossifying bone fibroma and skeleton and related difficulties in the diagnosis. Accurate indications for the conservative and surgical treatment were pointed out.
FLEXIBLE FLATFOOT IN CHILDREN (REVIEW)
Authors: Kenis Vladimir Markovich , Lapkin Yurii Alexeevich , Husainov Ruslan Khalilovich , Sapogovskiy Andrei Viktorovich
Published: March 2015

Flatfoot is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions in the daily practice of pediatric orthopedists. Despite of numerous studies, diagnostic criteria and principles of management remain controversial. Flexible flatfoot - is visually detectable decrease in the height of the longitudinal arch of the foot, which can be spontaneously corrected by active or passive motion and not accompanied by any contracture of foot and ankle. Flexible flatfoot is a benign condition which is normal for childhood. But this term is also used to describe a painful deformity with marked limitation of dorsiflection and “not physiological” flatfoot with unfavorable course and prognosis. Despite of the awareness of the parents, flexible flatfoot does not lead to pain and should not be followed by any kind of treatment. Special shoe modifications and orthopedic insoles are useless in the attempt to improve the foot, but can influence negatively psychological condition and self-estimation. Proper diagnosis of flexible flatfoot is necessary in order to avoid unnecessary treatment and to reveal patients with adverse prognosis and rigid forms of flatfoot which need special approach.
MANAGEMENT OF HIP DISLOCATION IN PATIENTS WITH ARTHROGRYPOSIS (REVIEW)
Authors: Batkin Sergei Fyodorovich , Agranovich Olga Evgenievna , Barsukov Dmitry Borisovich
Published: March 2015

Hip dislocation is common in patients with arthrogryposis and is observed in 13.5-58 % of cases. Currently, there is no conventional treatment strategy of this pathology. The review analyzes the data of the national and international literature on the etiopathogenesis, clinical picture and classifications, surgical and conservative treatment of this pathology.
SEMINAR: PROFILAKTIKA I LEChENIE KOKSARTROZA U DETEY
Authors: Solovieva K C
Published: March 2015

-
RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF JUVENILE FEMORAL HEAD EPIPHYSIOLYSIS
Authors: Baskov Vladimir Evgenievich
Published: March 2015

Juvenile femoral head epiphysiolysis (JFHE) is a relatively rare and not fully understood endocrine and orthopedic disease. For decades, the approach and techniques of surgical treatment have undergone significant changes and still continue to be improved. This paper presents a 36 year old follow-up results of treatment effects of JFHE according to one of the previously used surgical techniques.
ARTHROSCOPIC KNEE SURGERY IN CHILDREN
Authors: Brianskaia Anastasiya Ivanovna , Baindurashvili Alexei Georgievich , Arkhipova Anastasia Alexandrovna , Sergeeva Polina Petrovna , Potemin Vadim Sergeevich
Published: March 2015

Knee joint injuries account for 10-25 % of all injuries of the musculoskeletal system in children. Some intra-articular defects, and primarily of a traumatic origin, are reasonable to correct by arthroscopy. Among these are injuries of meniscus and cruciate ligaments, the presence of osteochondral defects, traumatic patellar dislocation, accurate diagnosis of uncertain symptoms and signs. Performing knee surgery in children, one should always focus on a more “gentle” structure of the developing body, and, consequently, all the actions of the surgeon should be very careful to avoid possible further injury.
CURRENT TRENDS IN TREATMENT OF UPPER AND LOWER LIMB DEFORMITIES IN INFANTS WITH ARTHROGRYPOSIS
Authors: Baindurashvili Alexei Georgievich , Agranovich Olga Evgenievna , Konyukhov Mikhail Pavlovich
Published: March 2015

The paper describes the treatment of arthrogryposis, which is a severe congenital pathology. It provides an overview of the natural history and etiology, as well as the development of a system for assisting patients with arthrogryposis in the Institute n. a. G. I. Turner. We described in detail the variants of upper and lower limb deformities, as well as methods of complex treatment in infants, depending on the nature and degree of severity.
POSTTRAUMATIC SHOULDER INSTABILITY IN CHILDREN: CLINICAL PRESENTATION, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Authors: Proshchenko Yaroslav Nikolaevich , Shumkov Pavel Sergeevich , Ovsyankin Anatoliy Vasilievich , Bortulev Pavel Igorevich , Drozdetskiy Alexey Polikarpovich , Bortuleva Oksana Vyacheslavovna
Published: March 2015

The article presents an analysis of the treatment of 15 patients with posttraumatic shoulder instability aged 11-17 years, as a result of primary traumatic dislocation and chronic instability. We identified the following causes of chronic shoulder instability: Bankart injury, SLAP-injury; Hill-Sachs defect; fracture of the glenoid, type 3 humeral head-glenoid relation, and retroversion of the humeral head, as well as defects in the treatment of primary shoulder dislocation. Surgical treatment is performed in 7 patients with chronic instability (7 joints). Unsatisfactory result was detected in 1 patient (1 joints), which is caused by a type 3 humeral head-glenoid relation.
CONGENITAL CLUBFOOT. CLASSIFICATION, ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, THE EVOLUTION OF TREATMENTS (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Klychkova Irina Yurievna , Konyukhov Mikhail Pavlovich , Lapkin Yuri Alexeevich
Published: March 2015

Congenital clubfoot deformity takes the 2 nd place among the malformations of the muskuloskeletal system and is observed in 4-5 ‰ of newborn. More often the deformity is bilateral, in 20 % of cases it is associated with other developmental disorders and is frequently seen in different syndromes. Clubfoot classifications are variable and are constantly improved according to the practical needs. It is generally assumed that clubfoot is a polyetiological disease. The main theories of its development are congenital (genetic), mechanical and neuromuscular. The majority of specialists consider that clubfoot formation is due to dysplastic process with the predominant foot and shin lesion. Bone, neuromuscular or vascular system hypoplasia predominate depending on the severity of the deformity. Evolution of the clubfoot treatment methods occurs in a spiral-form fashion from the conservative management to total releases and bone reconstructions, from low-invasive to excessively radical surgery. At present the spiral turn has stopped at the consisting of many stages low-invasive method of clubfoot correction developed by I. Ponseti which is considered now to be the golden standard of treatment.
CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF HIP DYSPLASIA
Authors: Kamosko Mikhail Mikhailovich , Poznovich Mahmoud Stanislavovich
Published: March 2015

Hip dysplasia in children is the subject of careful study by specialists both in our country and abroad. There are three basic variants of hip dysplasia: congenital acetabular dysplasia, congenital subluxation of the hip and congenital dislocation of the hip. However, treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip, which is the most severe form of hip dysplasia in children, currently remains one of the topical problems of children’s orthopedics, despite the significant achievements of modern medicine. In spite of the large amount of research in this field, treatment principles of hip dysplasia are still under discussion.
MEDICAL CARE SERVICE FOR CHILDREN WITH SPINAL INJURIES IN SAINT-PETERSBURG
Authors: Baindurashvili Alexei Georgievich , Vissarionov Sergei Valentinovich , Falinskii Alexander Aleksandrovich , Solovyova Karina Surenovna
Published: March 2015

The scientifically based organizational system of diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of children with fractures of the vertebrae is accepted in the medical institutions of St. Petersburg, including inpatient, sanatorium and outpatient care. Stages of conservative treatment in patients with vertebral compression fractures in the emergency departments of children’s general hospitals in St. Petersburg are reported, the St. Petersburg State budgetary institution of health care Children’s Rehabilitation Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology “Ogonyok” and children’s outpatient clinics. The algorithm is presented in details to provide advice and high-tech The St. Petersburg SFHI Children’s Rehabilitation Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology “Ogonek”, Saint-Petersburg surgical emergency care to children with unstable and complicated fractures of the vertebrae, which is carried out by experts of the Federal Children’s Center of spine and spinal cord injuries at the base of the department of spinal pathology and neurosurgery of FSBI “Scientific and Research Institute for Children’s Orthopedics n. a. G. I. Turner” under the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
Modeling Unequilibrated Oil Saturations in a Chalk Reservoir, the South Arne Field Case
Authors: Vejbæk O.V.. V. , Bech N.. , Christensen S.A.. A. , Høie A.. , If F.. , Kosco K.. , Schiøtt C.R.. R. , White G..
Published: March 2015

The South Arne field presents an example of a North Sea chalk field with an oil distribution strongly affected by fluid dynamics, even at initial conditions. The oil-saturation variation in the South Arne field is effectively modeled with free-water-level (FWL) surfaces, the height above which defines the capillary pressure of oil vs. water. This FWL is in the shape of an elongated dome with a relief on the order of 200 m, corresponding to a smooth, lower-amplitude version of the field structure itself. Dip of the FWL exceeds 100 m/km locally. 2D geological time-scale reservoir simulation is successfully deployed to replicate observed oil-saturation distribution and geometry of the FWL surface. This modeling greatly improves the understanding of and ability to predict the saturation distribution. The anomalous doming of the FWL is thus shown to be because of anomalous lateral-pressure gradients mainly in the water phase, whereas pressure measurements show the oil phase to be without lateral-pressure gradients. The main doming occurs where the oil extends vertically down to a seal at the base of the reservoir. The strong FWL dip is thus maintained on geological time scales (but less than 5 million years) because of low relative permeability to water, whereas oil flows just as readily as in other chalk fields. Because the dip is controlled mainly by low relative mobility of the water, the dip tends to vanish in parts of the field where a water leg is present in permeable rock beneath the oil to allow dissipation of anomalous water pressures. Partial- to full-preproduction imbibition has been identified and modeled in some flank areas. This explains why these parts produce water while other areas at similar saturation and porosity levels flow oil owing to drainage conditions. Identification of degree of imbibition is thus of paramount importance for optimal well placement and prediction of performance. An additional anomaly is found on the northeast flank of the field, where oil in drainage conditions is found deeper than anywhere else in the field. This deep occurrence of oil owes its presence to an anomalously permeable sandy layer close to the northeast flank, stratigraphically above the reservoir. This layer partially drains overpressure, thereby allowing oil to move down the flank from the main field, again because of water-phase-pressure variation, possibly allowing oil to spill into the sandy layer.
Simulated investigation on the deformation of double laser beam bilateral and simultaneous welding for aircraft panel
Authors: Zhan Xiaohong , Mi Gaoyang , Wei Yanhong
Published: March 2015

An experimental and numerical investigation of double laser beam bilateral and simultaneous welding is carried out in this paper. A dedicated heat source model is developed based on a combined heat source with coordinate transformation and mirroring. Several groups of heat source parameters are assigned, and the simulated results based on these heat source parameters are compared with the experimental results. The deformation after welding for a seven stringers welding panel is predicted by finite element analysis. To optimize the welding sequence, four welding schemes are applied to the simulation. Comparing the simulated results, the scheme 3 is thought to be the best weld sequence for the smallest welding distortion.
System approach to the analysis of an integrated oxy-fuel combustion power plant
Authors: Ziębik Andrzej , Gładysz Paweł
Published: March 2015

Oxy-fuel combustion (OFC) belongs to one of the three commonly known clean coal technologies for power generation sector and other industry sectors responsible for CO2 emissions (e.g., steel or cement production). The OFC capture technology is based on using high-purity oxygen in the combustion process instead of atmospheric air. Therefore flue gases have a high concentration of CO2. Due to the limited adiabatic temperature of combustion some part of CO2 must be recycled to the boiler in order to maintain a proper flame temperature. An integrated oxy-fuel combustion power plant constitutes a system consisting of the following technological modules: boiler, steam cycle, air separation unit, cooling water and water treatment system, flue gas quality control system and CO2 processing unit. Due to the interconnections between technological modules, energy, exergy and ecological analyses require a system approach. The paper present the system approach based on the ‘input-output’ method to the analysis of the: direct energy and material consumption, cumulative energy and exergy consumption, system (local and cumulative) exergy losses, and thermoecological cost. Other measures like cumulative degree of perfection or index of sustainable development are also proposed. The paper presents a complex example of the system analysis (from direct energy consumption to thermoecological cost) of an advanced integrated OFC power plant.
Ice slurry flow and heat transfer during flow through tubes of rectangular and slit cross-sections
Authors: Niezgoda-Żelasko Beata , Żelasko Jerzy
Published: March 2015

The paper presents the results of experimental research of pressure drop and heat transfer coefficients of ice slurry during its flow through tubes of rectangular and slit cross-sections. Moreover, the work discusses the influence of solid particles, type of motion and cross-section on the changes in the pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient. The analysis presented in the paper allows for identification of the criterial relations used to calculate the Fanning factor and the Nusselt number for laminar and turbulent flow, taking into account elements such as phase change, which accompanies the heat transfer process. Ice slurry flow is treated as a generalized flow of a non-Newtonian fluid.
Realization of the Atkinson-Miller cycle in spark-ignition engine by means of the fully variable inlet valve control system
Authors: Żmudka Zbigniew , Postrzednik Stefan , Przybyła Grzegorz
Published: March 2015

The theoretical analysis of the charge exchange process in a spark ignition engine has been presented. This process has significant impact on the effectiveness of engine operation because it is related to the necessity of overcoming the flow resistance, followed by the necessity of doing a work, so-called the charge exchange work. The flow resistance caused by the throttling valve is especially high during the part load operation. The open Atkinson-Miller cycle has been assumed as a model of processes taking place in the engine. Using fully variable inlet valve timing the A-M cycle can be realized according to two systems: system with late inlet valve closing and system with early inlet valve closing. The systems have been analysed individually and comparatively with the open Seiliger-Sabathe cycle which is a theoretical cycle for the classical throttle governing of the engine load. Benefits resulting from application of the systems with independent inlet valve control have been assessed on the basis of the selected parameters: fuel dose, cycle work, charge exchange work and a cycle efficiency. The use of the analysed systems to governing of the SI engine load will enable to eliminate a throttling valve from the system inlet and reduce the charge exchange work, especially within the range of part load operation.
The dilution effect on the extinction of wall diffusion flame
Authors: Ghiti Nadjib
Published: March 2015

The dynamic process of the interaction between a turbulent jet diffusion methane flame and a lateral wall was experimentally studied. The evolution of the flame temperature field with the Nitrogen dilution of the methane jet flame was examined. The interaction between the diffusion flame and the lateral wall was investigated for different distance between the wall and the central axes of the jet flame. The dilution is found to play the central role in the flame extinction process. The flame response as the lateral wall approaches from infinity and the increasing of the dilution rate make the flame extinction more rapid than the flame without dilution, when the nitrogen dilution rate increase the flame temperature decrease.
Analysis of thermodynamics of two-fuel power unit integrated with a carbon dioxide separation plant
Authors: Kotowicz Janusz , Bartela Łukasz , Mikosz Dorota
Published: March 2015

The article presents the results of thermodynamic analysis of the supercritical coal-fired power plant with gross electrical output of 900 MW and a pulverized coal boiler. This unit is integrated with the absorption-based CO2 separation installation. The heat required for carrying out the desorption process, is supplied by the system with the gas turbine. Analyses were performed for two variants of the system. In the first case, in addition to the gas turbine there is an evaporator powered by exhaust gases from the gas turbine expander. The second expanded variant assumes the application of gas turbine combined cycle with heat recovery steam generator and backpressure steam turbine. The way of determining the efficiency of electricity generation and other defined indicators to assess the energy performance of the test block was showed. The size of the gas turbine system was chosen because of the need for heat for the desorption unit, taking the value of the heat demand 4 MJ/kg CO2. The analysis results obtained for the both variants of the installation with integrated CO2 separation plant were compared with the results of the analysis of the block where the separation is not conducted.
Identification of the objective function for optimization of a seasonal thermal energy storage system
Authors: Milewski Jarosław , Szabłowski Łukasz , Bujalski Wojciech
Published: March 2015

The article shows the proposed solution of the objective function for the seasonal thermal energy storage system. In order to develop this function the technological and economic assumptions were used. In order to select the optimal system configuration mathematical models of the main elements of the system were built. Using these models, and based on the selected design point, the simulation of the entire system for randomly generated outside temperatures was made. The proposed methodology and obtained relationships can be readily used for control purposes, constituting model predicted control (MPC).
Prediction of flow boiling heat transfer data for R134a, R600a and R290 in minichannels
Authors: Mikielewicz Dariusz , Jakubowska Blanka
Published: March 2015

In the paper presented is the analysis of the results of calculations using a model to predict flow boiling of refrigerants such as R134a, R600a and R290. The latter two fluids were not used in the development of the model semiempirical correction. For that reason the model was verified with present experimental data. The experimental research was conducted for a full range of quality variation and a relatively wide range of mass velocity. The aim of the present study was also to test the sensitivity of developed model to a selection of the model of two-phase flow multiplier and the nonadiabatic effects. For that purpose two models have been analysed namely the one due to Muller-Steinhagen and Heck, and Friedel. In addition, the work shows the importance of taking surface tension into account in the calculation of the flow structure.
On a Certain Extension of the Hurwitz-Lerch Zeta Function
Authors: Parmar Rakesh K. , Raina R. K.
Published: March 2015

Our purpose in this paper is to consider a generalized form of the extended Hurwitz-Lerch Zeta function. For this extended Hurwitz-Lerch Zeta function, we obtain some classical properties which includes various integral representations, a differential formula, Mellin transforms and certain generating relations. We further consider an application to probability distributions and also point out some important special cases of the main results.