bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radio Frequency Fingerprint-Based Intelligent Mobile Edge Computing for Internet of Things Authentication
Authors: Chen Songlin , Wen Hong , Wu Jinsong , Xu Aidong , Jiang Yixin , Song Huanhuan , Chen Yi
Published: August 2019

In this paper, a light-weight radio frequency fingerprinting identification (RFFID) scheme that combines with a two-layer model is proposed to realize authentications for a large number of resource-constrained terminals under the mobile edge computing (MEC) scenario without relying on encryption-based methods. In the first layer, signal collection, extraction of RF fingerprint features, dynamic feature database storage, and access authentication decision are carried out by the MEC devices. In the second layer, learning features, generating decision models, and implementing machine learning algorithms for recognition are performed by the remote cloud. By this means, the authentication rate can be improved by taking advantage of the machine-learning training methods and computing resource support of the cloud. Extensive simulations are performed under the IoT application scenario. The results show that the novel method can achieve higher recognition rate than that of traditional RFFID method by using wavelet feature effectively, which demonstrates the efficiency of our proposed method.
Mechanical Energy before Chemical Energy at the Origins of Life?
Authors: Hansma Helen Greenwood
Published: August 2019

Forces and mechanical energy are prevalent in living cells. This may be because forces and mechanical energy preceded chemical energy at life’s origins. Mechanical energy is more readily available in non-living systems than the various other forms of energy used by living systems. Two possible prebiotic environments that might have provided mechanical energy are hot pools that experience wet/dry cycles and mica sheets as they move, open and shut, as heat pumps or in response to water movements.
Enterprise Social Media Adoption: Its Impact on Social Capital in Work and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Fu Jindi , Sawang Sukanlaya , Sun Yuan
Published: August 2019

Enterprise social media is increasingly being recognized as an important technical tool to achieve more effective management and sustainable development. Limited research has been conducted on workplace satisfaction in the enterprise social media context. To fill this gap, we propose a research model explaining how employees’ usage of enterprise social media influences job satisfaction from the social capital perspective. Through a survey of 509 respondents, we conceptualize the constructs of enterprise social media use (i.e., work-related use and social-related use), social capital (i.e., bridging social capital and bonding social capital), and job satisfaction. We empirically validate the proposed model. The results largely support the proposed hypotheses. Firstly, both work-related use and social-related use positively impact bridging and bonding social capital. Secondly, bridging and bonding social capital play different roles in job satisfaction. Bonding social capital promotes job satisfaction, while bridging social capital inhibits job satisfaction. Thirdly, work-related use accumulates more bridging social capital, while social-related use is more conducive to the establishment of bonding social capital. Finally, some theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Employability and Sustainability of Young Graduates in the Slovak Labour Market: Counterfactual Approach
Authors: Svabova Lucia , Durica Marek , Kramarova Katarina , Valaskova Katarina , Janoskova Katarina
Published: August 2019

A necessary condition for economic development and raising living standards in Slovakia is to address employment issues in a way that would inter alia contribute to employment sustainability. This important fact mirrors in the study that directly analyses the employability and sustainability of young unemployed jobseekers, participants of the intervention “Graduate Practice”, in the Slovak labour market in 2014–2017 by applying a counterfactual approach. The intervention is one of the active policy measures in the labour market, and its implementation is subject to the specifics of the excluded group of the unemployed. Its aim is to help the members of the group find a job and gain work experience and habits. The impacts of the intervention on the employability and sustainability of young graduates were evaluated based on real data using the caliper-matching technique, the technique of the propensity score-matching method. The intervention database was relatively robust and included 42,626 participants over a 24-month impact period. In the analysis, we considered both the effectiveness and efficiency of the Graduate Practice. The findings point to no or very weak effects of the intervention, especially to the long-term sustainability of jobs. However, its impact on the state budget we consider as positive due to the intervention’s ability to reduce total costs of unemployed graduates. From the methodology point of view, the use of the method is appropriate in finding possible imbalances in the active and passive policies of the labour market. The results of the study themselves have the explanatory power not only for Slovak policymakers but also for policymakers at the level of the European Union. The results are helpful in creating other interventions and setting their conditions for future periods to bring a desired effect on employability and sustainability of members of excluded groups in general.
The Opportunities of Sustainable Biomass Ashes and Poultry Manure Recycling for Granulated Fertilizers
Authors: Mieldažys Ramūnas , Jotautienė Eglė , Jasinskas Algirdas
Published: August 2019

A need for the disposal of poultry manure and the reduction of its impact on the environment encourages the search for cleaner and more efficient ways to utilize and recycle production waste. It is known that granulated ash and manure are the most effective alternatives for ash and manure recycling, as compared to the unprocessed product. This paper presents an investigation of ash and poultry manure recycling for granulated fertilizers. Accepted standard experimental methods were used. The physical and mechanical characteristics of the granules, elemental composition ratio, and the process of compression of the raw material mill were determined experimentally. This research shows that, when a higher ash concentration was determined, the initial bulk density was larger and the density and pressure in the granulation process increases faster. The content of ash in the raw material increased granule strength; however, when increasing the ash mass in the raw material from 25% to 50%, energy consumption increased from 6.59 kJ·kg−1 to 17.72 kJ·kg−1. The process of compression of the raw material mill was obtained in two stages. In the first stage of compression, the mass density varied from 3–11 kg·m−3 and the pressure varied from 1.25–8.27 MPa. In the second pressure stage, the mass deformation was elastic and the pressure process was described by indicator functions.
Flexural-Fatigue Properties of Sustainable Pervious Concrete Pavement Material Containing Ground Tire Rubber and Silica Fume
Authors: Liu Hanbing , Luo Guobao , Zhou Peilei , Wei Haibin , Li Wenjun , Yu Di
Published: August 2019

With the development of urbanization, pervious concrete has been increasingly used in urban road pavement structures. The objective of this paper was to investigate the effect of stress levels and modifier (ground tire rubber and silica fume) on the fatigue life of pervious concrete and establish the fatigue equations with different survival probabilities. In order to improve the deformability of pervious concrete without sacrificing its strength, ground tire rubber and silica fume were added into pervious concrete. Two kinds of pervious concrete, control pervious concrete and ground tire rubber and silica fume modified pervious concrete, were made in the laboratory. The pervious concrete beam specimens of 100 × 100 × 400 mm were casted, and the static flexural strength and flexural strain of the two kinds of pervious concrete were tested. The fatigue lives of two pervious concretes were tested using MTS fatigue testing machine under four different stress levels (0.85, 0.80, 0.75, and 0.70). The fatigue life was analyzed by two-parameter Weibull distribution. The parameters of Weibull distribution were determined by graphical method, maximum likelihood method and moment method. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to test the Weibull distribution and the fatigue equations under different survival probabilities were established. The results showed that ground tire rubber and silica fume modified pervious concrete had better deformability while ensuring strength compared to control pervious concrete. The addition of ground tire rubber and silica fume improved the fatigue life of pervious concrete. The two-parameter Weibull distribution was suitable to characterize the fatigue characteristics and predict the fatigue life of pervious concrete. Fatigue equations with different survival probabilities were a good guide for pervious concrete design.
Teachers’ Opinions on the Use of Personal Learning Environments for Intercultural Competence
Authors: Tomé María , Herrera Lucía , Lozano Sonia
Published: August 2019

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate teachers’ opinions on the use of Personal Learning Environments (PLE) for the development of students’ intercultural competences. Methods: This investigation carried out a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews applied to a sample of n = 100 Compulsory Secondary Education teachers in Andalusia (Spain) with an average teaching experience of 13.13 years (SD = 6.63). The interview shows excellent content validity (Content Validity Index for the interview overall, S-CVI = 0.94). The concordant codes and sub-codes were established in the analysis with the participation of two researchers and an external expert. Then, the data was analyzed using NVivo software. Results: The results show the opinions of the teachers grouped into six separate codes: intercultural learning communities, learning improvement, intercultural development of the student, disinformation, inapplicability, and inappropriate use. Conclusions: In general, it is concluded that the teachers consider the benefits of using PLE in the development of students’ intercultural competences. Despite this, some opinions reveal a lack of training and motivation, or the lack of ability teachers have on the subject, as well as in their classrooms, with the result that the PLE is not applicable for intercultural education.
Social Vulnerability and Touristification of Historic Centers
Authors: Mínguez Carmen , Piñeira María José , Fernández-Tabales Alfonso
Published: August 2019

Historic centers have suffered different processes of neglect, occupation, segregation, gentrification, and touristification as a result of changes in demand and policies. Currently, they are going through a homogenization process motivated by tourist pressure, which is causing the expulsion of the local population; this is a common topic of interest for media and political agendas, which requires scientific analysis. This research aims at identifying the winning and the losing tourist groups in the historic center of Seville. It is structured in two parts: a conceptual one based on the bibliographic review with which one wants to know how the current society responds to tourist pressure through defining and characterizing the processes of substitution of uses and inhabitants, and another empirical one in which the analysis of statistical indicators (demographic, economic, and residential) treated with Geographic Information System (GIS) allows us to measure the degree of existing vulnerability and analyze social and spatial effects caused by the tourism in Seville.
Travel-To-School Mode Choice Modelling Employing Artificial Intelligence Techniques: A Comparative Study
Authors: Assi Khaled J. , Shafiullah Md , Nahiduzzaman Kh Md , Mansoor Umer
Published: August 2019

Many techniques including logistic regression and artificial intelligence have been employed to explain school-goers mode choice behavior. This paper aims to compare the effectiveness, robustness, and convergence of three different machine learning tools (MLT), namely the extreme learning machine (ELM), support vector machine (SVM), and multi-layer perceptron neural network (MLP-NN) to predict school-goers mode choice behavior in Al-Khobar and Dhahran cities of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). It uses the students’ information, including the school grade, the distance between home and school, travel time, family income and size, number of students in the family and education level of parents as input variables to the MLT. However, their outputs were binary, that is, either to choose the passenger car or walking to the school. The study examined a promising performance of the ELM and MLP-NN suggesting their significance as alternatives for school-goers mode choice modeling. The performances of the SVM was satisfactory but not to the same level of significance in comparison with the other two. Moreover, the SVM technique is computationally more expensive over the ELM and MLP-NN. Further, this research develops a majority voting ensemble method based on the outputs of the employed MLT to enhance the overall prediction performance. The presented results confirm the efficacy and superiority of the ensemble method over the others. The study results are likely to guide the transport engineers, planners, and decision-makers by providing them with a reliable way to model and predict the traffic demand for transport infrastructures on the basis of the prevailing mode choice behavior.
Laundry Habits in Bangkok: Use Patterns of Products and Services
Authors: Moon Dami , Amasawa Eri , Hirao Masahiko
Published: August 2019

This study aimed to define the use of product–service system (PSS) associated with laundry businesses, such as coin-operated self-service laundromats (CL) and laundry services (LS), in order to get a better understanding of the environmental implications of PSS in laundry habits in Bangkok, Thailand. The motivation to use PSS could vary according to the specific consumer needs often defined by cultures, and therefore the environmental impacts from the PSS use would result differently from country to country. Questionnaires and in-depth interviews were conducted with Bangkok residents to determine the laundry habits related to the use of PSS. As a result, the use of private washing machines (PW) was found to be the main option, and CL and LS were used as an additional option in the laundry habits. The most widely observed use pattern in Bangkok was the use of CL as an alternative to PW instead of buying a new machine for a new life in dormitories or other residences away from home. At that time, hand washing (HW) was also used for saving money and for the cleanliness. Regarding the environmental potential, the relationship between the PSS users and laundry habits was specifically analyzed. The group who uses PSS frequently tended to do laundry less often than those who only use PW. Meanwhile, the need for even more services is also expected to increase among the PSS users. The need to improve the quality of laundry is expected to increase with the improvement of quality of living in Bangkok in the near future. However, at the same time, these observations imply that a change of consumer behaviors related to the use of PSS determines the resulting energy consumption and environmental burdens. To further clarify sustainable consumption and production systems, a quantitative analysis of the environmental impact of the laundry habits remains as a future task.
Research on Safety Regulation of Chemical Enterprise under Third-Party Mechanism: An Evolutionary Approach
Authors: Xin Xing
Published: August 2019

In recent years, China’s chemical industry has incurred frequent safety accidents which seriously impact the social environment and public safety. Traditional approaches have reached a bottleneck due to a lack of relevant professionals in the government regulation of chemical enterprise safety production. Thus, a new safety regulation mechanism should be conducted. In this paper, we constructed an evolutionary game model of chemical industry safety regulation based on limited rationality, and the influence of main parameters on the equilibrium evolution process is studied by system dynamics simulation. The results show that government regulation authorities play a leading role in the process of chemical industry safety regulation and increasing punishment will help to achieve an evolutionary stable strategy (ESS). What is more, the feasibility and effectiveness of the third-party regulation service mechanism are verified, and the market access threshold of third-party regulation service needs to be improved to stop the occurrence of rent-seeking activities in the regulatory process. In summary, the introduction of third-party regulation service entities to the chemical industry safety regulation process has far-reaching implications for promoting the healthy development of China’s chemical industry.
The Degradation of Deoxynivalenol by Using Electrochemical Oxidation with Graphite Electrodes and the Toxicity Assessment of Degradation Products
Authors: Xiong Suli , Li Xiao , Zhao Changsong , Gao Jingqi , Yuan Wenjuan , Zhang Jie
Published: August 2019

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common mycotoxin, which is known to be extremely harmful to human and livestock health. In this study, DON was degraded by electrochemical oxidation (ECO) using a graphite electrode and NaCl as the supporting electrolyte. The graphite electrode is advantageous due to its electrocatalytic activity, reusability, and security. The degradation process can be expressed by first-order kinetics. Approximately 86.4% of DON can be degraded within 30 min at a potential of 0.5 V. The degradation rate reached 93.2% within 30 min, when 0.5 V potential was used for electrocatalyzing a 10 mg/L DON solution. The degradation rate of DON in contaminated wet distiller’s grain with solubles (WDGS) was 86.37% in 60 min. Moreover, results from the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) staining assay indicated that ECO reduced the DON-induced cytotoxicity and apoptotic bodies in a gastric epithelial cell line (GES-1) compared to the DON-treated group. These findings provide new insights into the application of ECO techniques for degrading mycotoxins, preventing food contamination, and assessing DON-related hazards.
IFN-λ Decreases Murid Herpesvirus-4 Infection of the Olfactory Epithelium but Fails to Prevent Virus Reactivation in the Vaginal Mucosa
Authors: Jacobs Sophie , Zeippen Caroline , Wavreil Fanny , Gillet Laurent , Michiels Thomas
Published: August 2019

Murid herpesvirus-4 (MuHV-4), a natural gammaherpesvirus of rodents, can infect the mouse through the nasal mucosa, where it targets sustentacular cells and olfactory neurons in the olfactory epithelium before it propagates to myeloid cells and then to B cells in lymphoid tissues. After establishment of latency in B cells, viral reactivation occurs in the genital tract in 80% of female mice, which can lead to spontaneous sexual transmission to co-housed males. Interferon-lambda (IFN-λ) is a key player of the innate immune response at mucosal surfaces and is believed to limit the transmission of numerous viruses by acting on epithelial cells. We used in vivo plasmid-mediated IFN-λ expression to assess whether IFN-λ could prophylactically limit MuHV-4 infection in the olfactory and vaginal mucosae. In vitro, IFN-λ decreased MuHV-4 infection in cells that overexpressed IFN-λ receptor 1 (IFNLR1). In vivo, prophylactic IFN-λ expression decreased infection of the olfactory epithelium but did not prevent virus propagation to downstream organs, such as the spleen where the virus establishes latency. In the olfactory epithelium, sustentacular cells readily responded to IFN-λ. In contrast, olfactory neurons did not respond to IFN-λ, thus, likely allowing viral entry. In the female genital tract, columnar epithelial cells strongly responded to IFN-λ, as did most vaginal epithelial cells, although with some variation from mouse to mouse. IFN-λ expression, however, failed to prevent virus reactivation in the vaginal mucosa. In conclusion, IFN-λ decreased MuHV-4 replication in the upper respiratory epithelium, likely by protecting the sustentacular epithelial cells, but it did not protect olfactory neurons and failed to block virus reactivation in the genital mucosa.
Viruses and Autoimmunity: A Review on the Potential Interaction and Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Smatti Maria K. , Cyprian Farhan S. , Nasrallah Gheyath K. , Al Thani Asmaa A. , Almishal Ruba O. , Yassine Hadi M.
Published: August 2019

For a long time, viruses have been shown to modify the clinical picture of several autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK), celiac disease (CD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Best examples of viral infections that have been proposed to modulate the induction and development of autoimmune diseases are the infections with enteric viruses such as Coxsackie B virus (CVB) and rotavirus, as well as influenza A viruses (IAV), and herpesviruses. Other viruses that have been studied in this context include, measles, mumps, and rubella. Epidemiological studies in humans and experimental studies in animal have shown that viral infections can induce or protect from autoimmunopathologies depending on several factors including genetic background, host-elicited immune responses, type of virus strain, viral load, and the onset time of infection. Still, data delineating the clear mechanistic interaction between the virus and the immune system to induce autoreactivity are scarce. Available data indicate that viral-induced autoimmunity can be activated through multiple mechanisms including molecular mimicry, epitope spreading, bystander activation, and immortalization of infected B cells. Contrarily, the protective effects can be achieved via regulatory immune responses which lead to the suppression of autoimmune phenomena. Therefore, a better understanding of the immune-related molecular processes in virus-induced autoimmunity is warranted. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of viral-induced autoimmunity and the mechanisms that are associated with this phenomenon.
Increase and Spatial Variation in Soil Infiltration Rates Associated with Fibrous and Tap Tree Roots
Authors: Zhang Dashuai , Wang Zhaogeng , Guo Qizhong , Lian Jijian , Chen Liang
Published: August 2019

Trees play important roles in urban stormwater management; through the loosening of soils by root growth, they increase infiltration and reduce runoff, helping to mitigate flooding and recharge groundwater. Malus baccata with fibrous roots and Sophora japonica with tap roots were studied experimentally to assess their enhancement of soil infiltration. A blank test without a tree was conducted for comparison. Steady-state soil infiltration rates at the bottom of test tanks were measured as 0.28 m/d, 0.33 m/d, and 0.61 m/d for the blank test, M. baccata, and S. japonica, respectively. This represents a 19% increase in the infiltration rate by planting M. baccata and a 118% increase by planting S. japonica. A larger increase in the infiltration rate by S. japonica is consistent with the effects of deeper and more vertical roots that help loosen deeper soils. Spatial variations in soil infiltration rates were also measured. Infiltration rates for M. baccata (1.06 m/d and 0.62 m/d) were larger than those for S. japonica (0.91 m/d and 0.51 m/d) at the same depths (0.35 m and 0.70 m); this is consistent with the expected effects of the shallower and more lateral roots of M. baccata. This study furthers our understanding of the roles of trees in watersheds and urban environments.
Identification of the Hydrogeochemical Processes and Assessment of Groundwater Quality, Using Multivariate Statistical Approaches and Water Quality Index in a Wastewater Irrigated Region
Authors: Marín Celestino Ana Elizabeth , Ramos Leal José Alfredo , Martínez Cruz Diego Armando , Tuxpan Vargas José , De Lara Bashulto Josue , Morán Ramírez Janete
Published: August 2019

Groundwater quality and availability are essential for human consumption and social and economic activities in arid and semiarid regions. Many developing countries use wastewater for irrigation, which has in most cases led to groundwater pollution. The Mezquital Valley, a semiarid region in central Mexico, is the largest agricultural irrigation region in the world, and it has relied on wastewater from Mexico City for over 100 years. Limited research has been conducted on the impact of irrigation practices on groundwater quality on the Mezquital Valley. In this study, 31 drinking water wells were sampled. Groundwater quality was determined using the water quality index (WQI) for drinking purposes. The hydrogeochemical process and the spatial variability of groundwater quality were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and K-means clustering multivariate geostatistical tools. This study highlights the value of combining various approaches, such as multivariate geostatistical methods and WQI, for the identification of hydrogeochemical processes in the evolution of groundwater in a wastewater irrigated region. The PCA results revealed that salinization and pollution (wastewater irrigation and fertilizers) followed by geogenic sources (dissolution of carbonates) have a significant effect on groundwater quality. Groundwater quality evolution was grouped into cluster 1 and cluster 2, which were classified as unsuitable (low quality) and suitable (acceptable quality) for drinking purposes, respectively. Cluster 1 is located in wastewater irrigated zones, urban areas, and the surroundings of the Tula River. Cluster 2 locations are found in recharge zones, rural settlements, and seasonal agricultural fields. The results of this study strongly suggest that water management strategies that include a groundwater monitoring plan, as well as research-based wastewater irrigation regulations, in the Mezquital Valley are warranted.
Impact of Nutrient and Stoichiometry Gradients on Microbial Assemblages in Erhai Lake and Its Input Streams
Authors: Liu Yang , Qu Xiaodong , Elser James J. , Peng Wenqi , Zhang Min , Ren Ze , Zhang Haiping , Zhang Yuhang , Yang Hua
Published: August 2019

Networks of lakes and streams are linked by downslope flows of material and energy within catchments. Understanding how bacterial assemblages are associated with nutrients and stoichiometric gradients in lakes and streams is essential for understanding biogeochemical cycling in freshwater ecosystems. In this study, we conducted field sampling of bacterial communities from lake water and stream biofilms in Erhai Lake watershed. We determined bacterial communities using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and explored the relationship between bacterial composition and environmental factors using networking analysis, canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), and variation partitioning analysis (VPA). Physicochemical parameters, nutrients, and nutrient ratios gradients between the lake and the streams were strongly associated with the differences in community composition and the dominant taxa. Cyanobacteria dominated in Erhai Lake, while Proteobacteria dominated in streams. The stream bacterial network was more stable with multiple stressors, including physicochemical-factors and nutrient-factors, while the lake bacterial network was more fragile and susceptible to human activities with dominant nutrients (phosphorus). Negative correlations between bacterial communities and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) as well as positive correlations between bacterial communities and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the network indicated these factors had strong effect on bacterial succession. Erhai Lake is in a eutrophic state, and high relative abundances of Synechococcus (40.62%) and Microcystis (16.2%) were noted during the course of our study. CCA indicated that nutrients (phosphorus) were key parameters driving Cyanobacteria-dominated community structure. By classifying the environmental factors into five categories, VPA analyses identified that P-factor (total phosphorus (TP) and SRP) as well as the synergistic effect of C-factor (DOC), N-factor (NO3−), and P-factor (TP and SRP) played a central role in structuring the bacterial communities in Erhai Lake. Heterogeneous physicochemical conditions explained the variations in bacterial assemblages in streams. This study provides a picture of stream–lake linkages from the perspective of bacterial community structure as well as key factors driving bacterial assemblages within lakes and streams at the whole watershed scale. We further argue that better management of phosphorus on the watershed scale is needed for ameliorating eutrophication of Erhai Lake.
KATA-KATA PINJAMAN DALAM ISTILAH SEPAKBOLA (SEBUAH KAJIAN MORFOLOGI)
Authors: Ginanjar Riki
Published: August 2019

Different language has its own difference in writing or pronunciation Sometimes, an activity may have not  the actual word to express it. When one language has no word to express, the word from other’s language is used. The word itself is known as loanword. This case mostly appears in the football area. This article entitled ‘Loan Words in Football Terminology’ explains about the loan word which is usually used in the football terminology. The writer used the dictionary about football terminology “Kamus Istilah Sepakbola” by Nugraha Edy in order to find the data to be analyzed. The writer also uses the theory of Haugen “The ecology of Language” which will describe how the loan word formed. Before analyzing the data, the writer looked for the terminology in the data source and then analyzes it using the theory stated. At the end of analysis, the writer finds that many of football terminology in English has not be converted to Indonesian, so Indonesian has to loan English terminology to express it.
PERKEMBANGAN MAKNA PEYORATIF PADA KATA BAHASA INGGRIS ‘IDIOT’: SEBUAH KAJIAN ETIMOLOGI
Authors: Ajurah Nur
Published: August 2019

This study argues that every word of any natural language is prone to meaning modification known as pejoration. Pejoration happens when a meaning of words becomes negative and it is different from its original meaning. In order to answer that phenomenon, this study entitled “Pejorative Development of English Word ‘Idiot’: A Study of Etymology” issues that the English word ‘idiot’ may have experienced pejoration. It discusses the history of the word idiot’ and its pejorative development. Liberman and Voyles’s theories are used in this study. In the analysis, Liberman’s theory is applied to explain the history of the word ‘idiot’ and also the development of its meaning, while Voyles’s theory is adapted to see the semantic features of the word ‘idiot’ whether the meaning is specific or general.

     The descriptive qualitative method is used to explain the phenomena covered in pejorative datum. The datum was analyzed and described using applying grand and supporting theories mentioned earlier.

            The result shows that the word ‘idiot’ has  experienced degradation of meaning where the word itself in its original meaning meant ‘a private person’, but over time it has acquired a negative connotation. The word is currently used in the sense of ‘a stupid person or someone has done something stupid’ or ‘someone who is mentally ill or has a very low level of intelligence’.
THE ANALYSIS OF LEADERSHIP CHARACTER OF SNOW QUEEN OF ARENDELLE IN DISNEY MOVIE “FROZEN”
Authors: Soares Geralda A. Lay X. F.
Published: August 2019

Animated movie "Frozen" tells the story of the adventures of a girl named Anna and her friends against Snow Queen. Snow Queen act coused, freezing in the whole empire and the people suffer from the cold. Snow Queen is actually anna’s sister named Elsa. However, in  this story is not to discuss about the adventures of Anna against her sister Elsa, but will discuss the character of Elsa. Character is a person depicted  in a narrative or drama. Elsa’s character as a princess of the kingdom  in Arendelle is a authoritative, loving, coward and insecure. But on the other hand, as the Snow Queen character she was variably, she is assertive and daring. we know that the attitude and character are very important to describe a certain person, if someone does not have the character that he just became him, nobody. A leader should have the attitude and character of it own self to lead the group, nation or kingdom  so that the people in the country or the kingdom prosper.
DEITIC AND NUMERATIVE ELEMENTS IN IRON MAN MOVIE SCRIPTS
Authors: Nadeak Maria Novtalia Uli
Published: August 2019

This article explains numerative and deitic elements of nominal ellipsis in the three sequels of Iron Man Movie Scripts. Iron Man movie was chosen because Iron Man was an interesting science fiction movie at that time. In previous articles, Ellipsis had been analyzed in some novels and they only discussed the meaning and the general type of ellipsis. In order to fill the gap, this article describes the numerative and deitic elements of nominal ellipsis.In this focus, the syntactical unit found in the Iron Man movie scripts was analyzed based on the theory of nominal ellipsis by M.A.K Halliday and Ruqiyah Hasan (1974:143).  Numerative element itself has two types: cardinal and ordinal numerative. Cardinal means that the reference is roman numbering (one, two, three, etc), and ordinal numerative is a number of steps (first, second, third, etc). Deitic is normally a determiner. Deitic has divided into specific deitic and non-specific deitic. Specific deitic means the marker is included into specific thing like possessive (such as my, your), demonstrative (such as that, this), and determiner (the). Furthermore, non-specific means that the marker of nominal ellipsis are unclerly explain like both, each, every, any, either, no, and neither.
Algunos rasgos característicos de la versión japonesa de Los heraldos negros
Authors: Matsumoto Kenji
Published: August 2019

Del proceso intrincado de traducción de Poesía completa de César Vallejo en japonés, que publicó en 2016 la editorial Gendai Kikakushitsu de Tokio, el reto más arduo para el traductor fue, sin duda, la reproducción del lenguaje poético de Los heraldos negros, porque en este poemario nuestro poeta sigue buscando todavía su propio estilo, a veces imitando las corrientes ya existentes como el modernismo. En contraste con las obras vallejianas post-Trilce, en las que el traductor pudo inventar para cada obra su propio estilo «cerrado en sí», ante LHN se vio obligado a acceder a varios corpus expresivos de la lengua moderna japonesa —del vocabulario de los poetas japoneses de la misma etapa de LHN hasta las traducciones japonesas de la poesía occidental— para reproducir esa compleja formación poética que palpita en el libro.
Estructura de «Canciones de hogar» de Los heraldos negros
Authors: Lozano Alvarado Saniel Eufemio
Published: August 2019

«Canciones de hogar», la sección más breve de Los heraldos negros, está compuesta por cinco poemas, cuatro de los cuales se desarrollan en el contexto del hogar, en un ambiente íntimo y familiar, de marcado carácter subjetivo, anímico y espiritual, casi siempre dominado por la imagen del padre. La dimensión lineal del tiempo combina el presente con el pasado, con un fuerte carácter psicológico. La integración de las tres magnitudes —presente, pasado y futuro— solo se da en el poema «Enereida». La perspectiva de construcción de los poemas es personal, como algo primordial que le ocurre, siente y preocupa al propio enunciador; por tanto, las demás personas no se sienten o no nos consideramos representados. El título es connotativo y bisémico, pues estrictamente no alude a ninguna canción o melodía, sino al ambiente íntimo y hogareño, transido de nostalgia, lejanía, añoranza y también de presagio de la muerte inexorable. Los posibles significados destacan el valor del hogar, el amor al padre, la ausencia del hermano, la sensación de vacío y soledad. El lenguaje parte de un sustrato popular, pero dotado de una riqueza artística admirable.
La encrucijada del saber en Los heraldos negros (1919). Una relectura del poema «La araña»
Authors: Velásquez Ccosi Luis Eduardo
Published: August 2019

Este trabajo propone que el poemario Los heraldos negros, y en especial el poema referido, deconstruye el sistema clásico de la ciencia moderna al dinamizar los elementos que se ponen en juego, el sujeto y el objeto, deshaciendo toda jerarquía entre ambos. El poema «La araña» —en especial— es una profunda reflexión sobre el conocimiento y las posibilidades del saber de/en el sujeto, donde lo fundamental es la posición enunciativa que pone en evidencia la particularidad concreta en la construcción de un saber, en oposición a la supuesta universalidad de un sujeto trascendental (Castro-Gómez). En ese sentido, un acercamiento fenomenológico del cuerpo del supuesto «objeto», pero también del «sujeto», mostraría las inversiones que se realizan en el cuadro del poema, respecto de la forma de un acercamiento al conocimiento sobre una alteridad radical, «una araña» (Derrida).
Üriner sistem anomalisi tespit edilen çocukların klinik ve demografik özellikleri
Authors: YAZILITAŞ Fatma , ÖZLÜ Sare Gülfem , ÖZTEK ÇELEBİ Fatma Zehra , KARGIN ÇAKICI Evrim , ÇINAR Hasibe Gökçe , EKŞİOĞLU Ayşe Seçil , GÜLALDI Nedim Cüneyt Murat , BÜLBÜL Mehmet
Published: August 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada üriner sistem ultrasonografisi ile saptanan
böbrek anomalisi bulunan çocukların klinik ve demografik özelliklerinin
değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve
Metot: Hastanemizde ultrasonografi ile üriner
sistem anomalisi saptanan ve bir yıllık izleminde ileri incelemeler yapılmış
olan çocukların tıbbi kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi.Bulgular: Çalışmaya yaşları 0-17 yaş arasında, 179’u (%55.1) erkek
toplam 325 hasta alındı. En sık gözlenen üriner sistem anomalisi 103 (%31.7)
hastada saptanan üretero-pelvik darlık idi. Diğer tespit edilen anomaliler
hastaların 82’sinde (%25.2) vezikoüreteral reflü, 33’ünde (%10.2) renal
hipoplazi, 30’unda (%9.2) çift toplayıcı sistem, 18’inde (%5.5) posterior üretral
valv, 14’ünde (%4.3) üretero-vezikal darlık, 13’ünde (%4.0) renal agenezi,
13’ünde (%4.0) ektopik böbrek, 11’inde (%3.4) at nalı böbrek ve 8’inde (%2.5)
multikistik displastik böbrek olarak belirlendi. Beş hastada böbrek yetmezliği
ve 10 hastada hipertansiyon mevcuttu.

Sonuç: Üriner sistem anomalisi saptanan çocukların gelişebilecek
komplikasyonların belirlenmesi, renal hasarın saptanması ve eşlik eden ek
anormalliklerin değerlendirilmesi açısından yakından izlemleri gerekmektedir.
Poesia na sala de aula, de Paulo Pilati
Authors: Silva Wellington Augusto
Published: August 2019

Resenha do livro:PILATI, Alexandre. Poesia na sala de aula: subsídios para pensar o lugar e a função da literatura em ambientes de ensino. Campinas, SP: Pontes Editores, 2017.
Water footprint assessment for Chinese textiles
manufacturing sector
Authors: LAI-LI WANG , XUE-MEI DING , XIONG-YING WU
Published: August 2019

The industrial manufacturing of textiles is water intensive. The textiles manufacturing sector is one of the largest
freshwater consumption sectors, and also is one of the largest wastewater discharge sectors in China. This study aims
at assessing Chinese textiles manufacturing sector’s water footprints (WFs) and investigating the influencing factors of
them based on WF methodology and Kaya identities. The results showed that the demanded blue operational WF and
the actual blue operational WF increased from 1996 to 2011 though there was a transitory decline in 2008. The peak
value of demanded blue operational WF and actual blue operational WF was 10.8 Gm3/yr and 7.9 Gm3/yr respectively
and appeared in 2007. The original grey operational WF increased faster and much larger than the residuary grey
operational WF in the selected temporal interval. WF productivity increased continuously from 1996 to 2011, especially
in the period from 2007 to 2011. The scale enlargement of the textiles manufacturing sector is the promotion factor for
the increasing of actual blue operational WF and residuary grey operational WF. The decrease of WF intensity is the
main inhibited factor. The inhibiting effect of pollutants removal on the increase of residuary grey operational WF is larger
than that of water reuse on the increase of actual blue operational WF
Modelado de las irregularidades del motor de inducción
Authors:   , Bossio Guillermo Rubén
Published: August 2019

En esta tesis se estudian estrategias para la estimación de posición y el diagnóstico de fallas en motores de inducción utilizados en accionamientos de velocidad variable. La estimación de posición permite eliminar los sensores mecánicos en el control del motor, reduciendo los costos y aumentando la confiabilidad y robustez del accionamiento. El diagnóstico de fallas en línea permite la detección de fallas incipientes, reduciendo de esta manera tanto los costos de reparación como los asociados a la parada no programada del proceso o línea de producción. Las estrategias estudiadas y propuestas en esta tesis se basan en los efectos que producen las irregularidades, inherentes al motor o producidas por las fallas, cuando éste es excitado mediante una señal exploradora, inyectada por el inversor del accionamiento. Para el análisis de estas estrategias se propone un modelo de circuitos múltiplemente acoplados y un nuevo método para el cálculo de las inductancias. Este método permite incluir el efecto de distintas no homogeneidades, radiales y axiales, tanto de los bobinados como del entrehierro. Las propuestas realizadas en esta tesis son validadas experimentalmente mediante prototipos de laboratorio.
Configuración geométrica estocástica en electro y magneto-encefalografía
Authors:   , Ellenrieder Nicolás von
Published: August 2019

Sumario: Introducción - Electro y magnetoencefalografía - Densidad de corriente - Método mixto de puntos finitos - Perturbaciones en la geometría del modelo - Efecto de variabilidad entre individuos - Conclusiones - Anexos.
Hidrogenación catalítica de hidrocarburos insaturados en fase líquida
Authors:   , Ardiaca Néstor Oscar
Published: August 2019

El tema de investigación de esta Tesis es el estudio de los procesos catalíticos de eliminación, por hidrotratamiento, de determinados compuestos insaturados en cortes de hidrocarburos, esencialmente con cadena de cuatro carbonos, con el fin de obtener cortes de mayor valor comercial.
Deformaciones permanentes en mezclas asfálticas
Authors:   , Morea Francisco
Published: August 2019

En esta tesis se analizó y caracterizó las deformaciones permanentes en mezclas asfálticas a partir de las propiedades reológicas de los asfaltos y su relación con el desempeño en la mezcla asfáltica a partir de ensayos de rueda cargada. Las propiedades reológicas de los asfaltos, que se asocian con el comportamiento a las deformaciones permanentes, se compararon con medidas en mezclas asfálticas por medio del ensayo de rueda cargada definiendo cual representa mejor la contribución del asfalto en la resistencia al ahuellamiento. Por otra parte se estudió el efecto de la temperatura y del aumento de la carga sobre las medidas de deformaciones permanentes, investigando las diferencias de comportamiento de distintos tipos de mezclas.
Análisis de Mycobacterium avium subespecie paratuberculosis y diagnóstico de la paratuberculosis bovina mediante enzimo inmuno ensayo (ELISA)
Authors:   , Travería Gabriel Eduardo
Published: August 2019

La paratuberculosis bovina es una enteritis crónica, caracteriza por diarrea intermitente crónica, edema submandibular, pérdida progresiva de peso, emanación y muerte. La categoría más susceptible a la infección son los terneros en sus primeras semanas de vida, la oral es la principal infección. El período de incubación puede variar de 2 a 8 años, los enfermos subclínicos superan ampliamente los casos clínicos y representan un desafío diagnóstico. No se conocen tratamientos eficaces y las vacunas no están aprobadas. Para evaluar la eficacia de distintos métodos diagnósticos y de distintos antígenos se precesaron sueros provenientes de varios rodeos naturalmente infectados. Las prevalencias verdaderas se determinaron con cultivos y pruebas intradérmicas dependiendo en cado caso de la edad de los animales
Neoplasias melanocíticas en caninos: evaluación de marcadores inmunohistoquímicos que contribuyen a la formulación del diagnóstico y del pronóstico
Authors:   , Cuitiño María Cecilia
Published: August 2019

Con el objetivo de aplicar la inmunohistoquímica al diagnóstico y al pronóstico de las neoplasias melanocíticas caninas se estudiaron 127 casos. Se realizó la inmunomarcación de vimentina, proteína S100, melan A, tirosinasa, PCNA, Ki67, factor de von Willebrand y MMP-2. Se establecieron índices de proliferación (IP-PCNA y IP-Ki67), el área endotelial y la densidad de microvasos (factor de von Willebrand), se evaluó la utilidad del marcador de invasión MMP-2 y se analizó un grupo de pacientes con datos de supervivencia. Los melanocitomas y los melanomas cutáneos fueron igualmente frecuentes. Las neoplasias melanocíticas orales fueron melanomas en su mayoría. El 3% de los casos presentó características histológicas "intermedias" entre melanocitomas y melanomas. La proteína S100 resultó especialmente útil para la identificación de neoplasias melanocíticas amelánicas. La positividad a melan A fue inversa al grado de melanización. Su utilidad en la identificación de neoplasias melanocíticas amelánicas resultó limitada. La positividad a tirosinasa fue baja. No se observó positividad a MMP-2. El 75% de las neoplasias melanocíticas cutáneas exhibió comportamiento benigno. El 50% de los melanomas cutáneos presentó comportamiento benigno tras la exéresis quirúrgica. En las neoplasias melanocíticas orales, la muerte relacionada con la neoplasia dentro de los 6 meses posteriores al diagnóstico fue frecuente. La localización de la neoplasia, la ulceración, la actividad en la unión dermoepidérmica, el índice mitótico, el patrón citoplasmático de inmunomarcación de melan A y el IP-PCNA resultaron de valor pronóstico en las neoplasias melanocíticas cutáneas. El índice mitótico fue la característica que mejor se correlacionó con la supervivencia en estas últimas; el hallazgo de 3 o más mitosis en 10 campos de mayor aumento fue indicativo de malignidad. En las neoplasias melanocíticas orales, sólo el tamaño de la neoplasia y el IP-Ki67 exhibieron valor pronóstico. El área endotelial y la densidad de microvasos no se relacionaron con la supervivencia.
La Teoría de las Relaciones Internacionales desde un punto de vista político-polemológico
Authors:   , Tello Ángel Pablo
Published: August 2019

Se tratará de realizar una contribución a los estudios de las relaciones internacionales desde un punto de vista político-polemológico. Esta disciplina se nutre del aporte de diversas ciencias sociales: el derecho, la economía, la historia, la geopolítica, la política, la filosofía, la psicología y la polemología; efectuando cada una de ellas contribuciones importantes a la base epistemológica de la misma. Si bien todas las ciencias sociales se plantean permanentemente la cuestión de su propio objeto, en el caso particular de las relaciones internacionales las dificultades que aparecen son de un orden diferente. Por definición, engloban las realidades más universales, más diversas y más numerosas del cuerpo de acción social, en tanto ellas se interesan en situaciones que relacionan al conjunto de los actores de la vida social. En el caso que aquí nos convoca, el estudio se abordará teniendo en cuenta principalmente el enfoque que la escuela realista hace de las relaciones internacionales, sin descuidar la importancia del aporte que la corriente idealista ha brindado y brinda al desarrollo de esta área del conocimiento.