bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tour d’horizon de possibles utilisations des nouvelles technologies avec des élèves à besoins éducatifs particuliers
Authors: Carmichael Jennifer
Published: December 2023

Tour d’horizon des différents types d’aides que peut apporter le numérique aux élèves à besoins éducatifs particuliers. Trois contextes d’utilisations sont étudiés du point de vue de l’élève d’abord : le numérique pour les apprentissages scolaires (depuis l’acquisition des apprentissages pré scolaires en cas de polyhandicap jusqu’à l’aide à la production de contenus aux élèves ayant des difficultés motrices ou sensorielles dans les classes supérieures), le numérique pour faciliter la prise d’autonomie au quotidien (pailler les difficultés de communication, d’organisation…) et le numérique pour les loisirs (démultiplication des possibilités…). L’auteure se positionne ensuite du côté de l’enseignant et montre comment le numérique facilite la production de supports adaptés autant qu’il aide à mieux comprendre les points forts et limites des élèves.
La sagesse comique et l’éthique
Authors: Pierron Jean-Philippe
Published: December 2023

La mobilisation de l’humour en matière d’éthique ne relève pas d’une décision abstraite mais d’une pratique située, très délicate à saisir, soutenant pourtant un climat de soins sécurisant. Mais pourquoi la sagesse comique est-elle si peu reconnue sinon déconsidérée par la sagesse pratique ? Y a-t-il une contradiction entre le sérieux du soin et la portée éthique de l’humour ? Pourquoi l’humour n’est pas la dérision ? Parce qu’il est contextuel, l’humour invite à habiter une situation d’existence toujours singulière. Aussi l’humour tire-t-il l’éthique moins du côté de la forme rigide de l’application d’un principe moral que de la force d’ajustement contextuelle à des situations subtiles. Il est moins du côté formel de la règle ou du principe que du côté dynamique et vitalisant d’une attitude engagée dans l’exigence de l’instant ou de la relation. Il active une intelligence rusée dans l’exercice du métier au long cours par le jeu avec les normes déontologiques du professionnel aguerri. Il y établit un jeu relationnel portant ; il mobilise une position d’extériorité s’essayant à d’autres possibles qui résiste à toute réification ; et il a une portée élucidatrice et libératrice. Finalement, l’humour, en travaillant sur nos croyances pratiques, en sonde aussi les limites. Mettant à distance nos inquiétudes aliénantes, dans le tiers espace du jeu, il nous aide à les surmonter et à oser initier.
L'esthétique de Benedetto Croce
Authors: D’Angelo Paolo , Di Lorenzo Rita
Published: December 2023

La théorie esthétique de Croce a connu une immense fortune dans la première moitié du XX? siècle influençant profondément la critique littéraire et artistique en Italie et jouissant même à l’étranger d’une très grande reconnaissance. Les cinquante années suivantes ont été , en revanche, marquées par une éclipse de l’esthétique de Croce qui aujourd’hui, même en Italie, fait l’objet de peu d’attention. Reste donc le problème historiographique de comprendre les raisons de la grande notoriété dont ont joui les idées de Croce en matière d’art et cet essai se propose d’en rechercher les principales. Croce a été, dès le début du vingtième siècle, l’un des protagonistes de la réaction antipositiviste : il a initié le projet de redonner place à la philosophie en argumentant contre la fondation des sciences humaines dans la psychologie, il a rattaché la réflexion esthétique à la grande tradition du dix-huitième siècle qui va de Baumgarten à Kant plutôt qu’à ses antécédents immédiats du dix-neuvième siècle tardif, Ces aspects nous incitent aujourd’hui à comprendre la nouveauté et l’impact de la théorie esthétique de Croce sur la situation culturelle des premières décennies du siècle précédent, mais aussi à en apprécier certains aspects toujours riches d’intérêt.
La critique de l'idée de nature dans la philosophie de B. Croce, un aperçu
Authors: Vignon Stéphane
Published: December 2023

Faire de la nature une réalité subsistante, c’est pour Croce nier la puissance de la pensée, réduire l’art à la fonction d’imitation ; qu’elle soit relative à l’empirisme ou à la métaphysique, sa supposition leur ôte toute vérité. Or Croce entend montrer l’auto-contradiction de l’empirisme qui ne cesse de présupposer le concept et qui en même temps ignore son universalité et sa concrétude qu’il veut extraire du supposé donné, des faits par rapport auxquels il ne serait qu’une fiction. Contre l’abstraction empirique, Croce montre l’unité de la réalité ; il refuse l’hétérogénéité de la réalité et de la pensée. La position de la nature est une croyance dont on ne sait comment elle reconnaît ce dont elle dit être séparée. Mais la démarche métaphysique pose elle aussi la nature en en faisant une entité transcendante ou « un être hybride fait d’imagination et de pensée », ce qui ne fait pas échapper au cauchemar d’un autre de l’esprit. La critique de l’abstraction de la philosophie kantienne et celle de l’éclectisme de la philosophie hégélienne de la nature s’emploient à le montrer. L’histoire critique de la philosophie dissout le fantasme de la nature qui est une construction ou un mythe au regard de la réalité dont nous ne sommes pas séparés, de l’expérience de l’immanence absolue qui ramène la sensation à l’intuition, au fait esthétique qui est le premier acte de connaissance. Critiquer le sentiment de la nature revient alors à libérer l’art de toute sujétion. Ainsi la liberté de tout l’esprit s’avère l’enjeu du problème de l’autonomie de l’art.
Malaise dans les métiers de l’humain
Authors: Morolli Pasquale
Published: December 2023

Ce texte met en avant l’idée que le découragement et la désaffection des métiers de l’humain sont plutôt l’un des symptômes particuliers témoignant d’un malaise plus général qui sévit dans notre société. Cet état des lieux problématique, expliqué par le filtre de la cybernétique et de la systémique, donne une perspective particulière pour réfléchir autrement le phénomène. Devant ces constats dramatiques, même si nous savons qu’une intervention au niveau institutionnel peut en grande partie renverser la tendance, il nous a semblé bon de revenir à la genèse de ces métiers en soulignant ce qui a permis leur essor, en réinvestissant leur dimension poétique, c’est-à‑dire la beauté en acte dans leur pratique, jusqu’ici négligée, méprisée ou rendue impossible par le statut dégradant laissé à ces professionnels, notamment en regard des conditions difficiles dans lesquelles ils exercent.
Analysis of traveling waves for nonlinear degenerate viscosity of chemotaxis model under general perturbations
Authors: Ghani Mohammad
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we generalized the results of the following chemotaxis model with the nonlinear degenerate viscosity

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} \begin{cases} u_{t} -\chi (uv)_{x} = D(u^{m})_{xx}, \\ v_{t} -u_{x} = 0, \end{cases} \end{equation*} $\end{document}

by introducing the following general initial perturbation

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} \begin{split} \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}\kappa(Z_0|\tilde{Z})dx<\infty, \end{split} \end{equation*} $\end{document}

where $ \kappa $ is the relative entropy function defined in Eq (2.24). We further employed the relative entropy method by choosing the specific shift function. According to the estimates with the cutoff version, and overcoming the complexity caused by the porous media diffusion, the nonlinear orbital stability of traveling waves was established under small amplitude and general perturbations.
Método para la dirección de obra de viviendas modulares pasivas
Authors: Meire Montaña Carolina , Linhares Patricia , Hermo Sánchez Víctor
Published: December 2023

Este artículo presenta el diseño y comprobación de un innovador método de dirección de obra para construcciones modulares pasivas, alineado con la metodología lean construction - Last planner system. Y que, a su vez, garantice los criterios de diseño de una construcción ecoeficiente.
Motivado por la complejidad que reside en la ejecución de construcciones modulares. Se define esta guía con el objetivo de potenciar la eficiencia de la puesta en obra y asegurar un alto grado de industrialización. Para ello se detallan las singularidades de las fases de ejecución, los hitos de verificación y se estudian los errores recurrentes y su subsanación.
El documento concluye con la obtención de resultados significativos sobre los parámetros que garantizan la productividad de la construcción “plazo, coste, calidad y sostenibilidad”.
La lenta eclosión de la crisálida. Sobre marxismo, naturaleza y transformación ecosocial
Authors: Navarro Ruiz Clara
Published: December 2023

El marxismo ecológico es una de las corrientes de pensamiento crítico más prometedoras del presente. En las siguientes líneas exponemos algunas de sus características teóricas por medio de las tesis de Saito y Moore. Tras ello, introducimos abordajes más prácticos inclinados a hacer posible una transición ecosocial justa: nos apoyamos en la teoría de las necesidades (Madorrán) y en intervenciones con perspectiva de clase (Keucheyan, Huber). Concluimos poniendo de manifiesto ciertos presupuestos problemáticos de la teoría marxista a través de los textos de Hornborg.
Cómo hacer frente a las acusaciones de falacia naturalista
Authors: Corrales Pavía Heraclio
Published: December 2023

Dada la relevancia filosófica y la existencia de acaloradas discusiones sobre falacia naturalista, es obligado para cualquier sistema de ética naturalista dar alguna respuesta sobre el modo en que supera las potenciales imputaciones de falacia naturalista. En este punto se pueden usar dos estrategias para defenderse del cargo de falacia: una es argumentar contra la pertinencia de la acusación en general, mostrando que la descripción de la falacia falla al señalar algo problemático en los argumentos naturalistas en general y otra que consiste en mostrar que la propuesta de naturalismo a favor de la que se argumenta no se ve afectada por las acusaciones de falacia. En este artículo se ofrecerá un análisis de las distintas concepciones de falacias naturalistas que se han descrito y se adoptarán ambas vías para defender la propuesta propia de cada tipo de falacia naturalista reconocida.
Political realism, modus vivendi and agonistic democracy
Authors: Muro Cabral Cicerón
Published: December 2023

Political realism points out that politics is to create and sustain a legitimate order in a context of persistent disagreement, with the possible surge of conflicts, and where political power inevitably uses coercion. Political realists contend that modus vivendi is a contingent political arrangement at the level of the political constitution that allows diverse groups of people to coexist peacefully. Proposals of modus vivendi do not say enough about how to manage disagreements and conflicts. In this paper, I argue that proposals of agonistic democracy supply this lack. I contend that agonistic democracy proposals share the premises of political realism and contribute to the sustainment of a liberal modus vivendi.
Los separatismos en España. Algunas reacciones de la intelectualidad española ante los proyectos de secesión territorial
Authors: Polo Blanco Jorge
Published: December 2023

En el presente trabajo se examinará la cuestión de los regionalismos y separatismos que surgieron en España a finales del siglo XIX y comienzos del XX, poniéndose el foco en las reacciones críticas que tales movimientos suscitaron en muchos hombres y mujeres de letras. Se les prestará más atención a José Ortega y Gasset y a Miguel de Unamuno, por su relevancia y repercusión, pero también se analizará lo que otras figuras importantes de la intelectualidad española dijeron sobre dicho tema. No se pretende realizar un recorrido exhaustivo, pues tal propósito desbordaría los límites de un artículo académico. Lo que se ofrece es una exposición de algunos de los hitos más sobresalientes de la mencionada cuestión. Debe añadirse que semejante asunto es completamente actual, toda vez que la España de nuestros días sigue atravesada por semejantes tensiones.foco en las reacciones críticas que tales movimientos despertaron en muchos hombres y mujeres de letras. Se les prestará más atención a José Ortega y Gasset y a Miguel de Unamuno, por su relevancia y repercusión, pero también se analizará lo que otras figuras importantes de la intelectualidad española dijeron sobre el mencionado tema. No se pretende realizar un recorrido exhaustivo, pues tal propósito desbordaría los límites de un artículo académico. Lo que se ofrece es una exposición de algunos de los hitos más sobresalientes de la mencionada cuestión. Debe añadirse que semejante temática es completamente actual, toda vez que la España de nuestros días sigue atravesada por semejantes tensiones.
Émilie Du Châtelet y la defensa de la educación de las mujeres
Authors: Zorrilla Sirlin Natalia
Published: December 2023

Este artículo se propone examinar el posicionamiento de Émilie Du Châtelet (1706-1749) respecto del tema de la defensa de la educación de las mujeres. Nos concentraremos en dos de sus obras: su adaptación al francés de La fábula de las abejas de Bernard Mandeville y su Discurso sobre la felicidad. Estudiaremos cómo Du Châtelet dialoga con distintos referentes de este debate, como François Fénelon, el abad de Saint-Pierre y Anna Maria van Schurman. Nuestro fin es demostrar la radicalidad de la posición de Du Châtelet, en oposición a aquellas interpretaciones que tienden a desacreditar o a subestimar el compromiso de esta pensadora con la causa de la defensa de la educación de las mujeres.
Releyendo a Latour: ontología, hibridación y diferencias
Authors: Antolínez Uribe David
Published: December 2023

Este artículo ofrece una meta-lectura (una interpretación de distintas interpretaciones) de la identidad filosófica de Bruno Latour. Se centra la discusión en tres tipos de interpretaciones: críticas, defensas y auto-definiciones del autor. Más allá de la simpatía o el rechazo a su filosofía, se argumenta que las complejidades del pensador francés se resisten a ser categorizadas con etiquetas unívocas o ser diseccionadas analíticamente. Con base en la reformulación de la crítica propuesta por el autor, se sugiere la «hibridación antagónica» como carta de navegación para comprender adecuadamente las redes y ensamblajes que compusieron a Bruno Latour en tanto filósofo.
Heroicidad epistémica y conciencia feminista. Una reflexión a partir de los casos de Christine de Pizan y sor Juana Inés de la Cruz
Authors: Nájera Elena
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo lleva a cabo una reflexión sobre el proceso de incorporación de la conciencia feminista en el imaginario occidental a partir de los casos de Christine de Pizan y sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, que permiten ejemplificar el concepto de heroicidad epistémica propuesto por José Medina. Para ello se expondrán las posiciones críticas de ambas autoras y se valorará el efecto que tuvieron en sus respectivos contextos, así como el rastro que dejaron en momentos posteriores. Este recorrido servirá para problematizar dicho concepto y apuntará la necesidad de enmarcarlo históricamente desde las expectativas del presente.
El escultor de la eterna Alemania: Hitler y la estetización de la política en el III Reich
Authors: Leiva Bustos Javier
Published: December 2023

Desde su juventud, Hitler experimentó el anhelo interno de convertirse en un renombrado artista, tanto en su Austria natal como en la Alemania a la que sentía pertenecer. Si bien la Escuela de Bellas Artes de Viena frustró, por dos veces, su sueño en el terreno de las artes plásticas, la política le brindó la oportunidad de hacerlo realidad; y, una vez convertido en Führer de todos los alemanes, se concibió a sí mismo como el gran artista que debía regenerar y dar forma a una nueva Alemania. A través de este ensayo, trataré de presentar los principales trazos de la estética con que el nacionalsocialismo recubrió al iii Reich. Una estética que fue más allá del plano artístico, configurando toda una sociedad, un modelo político y una forma de pensamiento, a partir de su pretensión de dominio, su afán de eternidad y su deseo de hacer de la comunidad alemana una auténtica obra de arte.
Principios de ética: en la ciudad sumergida
Authors: López de la Vieja de la Torre M.ª Teresa
Published: December 2023

A partir del comentario hecho por José L. L. Aranguren sobre «puede» y «debe» en ética, aquí se plantea el significado de los principios de ética en la situación de retroceso democrático del siglo XXI. Ha sido analizada por la filosofía y la teoría política recientes. En los años sesenta, las críticas de D. Sternberger al modelo de polis, de política cívica en las obras de H. Arendt, se apoyaban en la imagen de la ciudad hundida. Pero las preguntas sobre el alcance del realismo («puede») y el lugar de los principios («debe») siguen abiertas. ¿Ultra posse nemo obligatur? Aquella imagen de la polis puede ser reemplazada por otra algo distinta, la ciudad sumergida. Se encuentra en la literatura, sería también la metáfora de la necesaria reconstrucción de las políticas democráticas, con el «deber ser» como núcleo de la cultura cívica. Los principios éticos y, en especial, justicia como equidad será aquí la referencia en dos situaciones: (1) la política de salud pública, (2) los procesos de paz. En conclusión, el marco normativo cuenta o ha de contar, tanto en la paz como en la guerra. Decir «nunca más» es también una forma de recordar el papel crucial de los principios.
La humanidad terrestre. Una filosofía del Antropoceno
Authors: Campillo Antonio
Published: December 2023

En este texto trato de combinar la reflexión y la narración, mediante un relato a un tiempo biográfico, histórico y geológico en el que expongo cuál es mi Filosofía de la Historia, tal y como la he ido elaborando a lo largo de cuatro décadas. Parto de la tríada kósmos/pólis/êthos para analizar el acontecimiento crucial de nuestro tiempo: la Gran Aceleración del Antropoceno. El relato se despliega en tres tiempos, que son también los tres estratos de mi trabajo teórico: el debate de los 80 sobre la pareja «moderno/posmoderno» y el paso del concepto de «progreso» al de «variación»; el debate de los 90 sobre la «globalización» y la necesidad de repensar lo «político» para comprender los procesos históricos de «despolitización» y «repolitización» de las distintas esferas sociales y escalas territoriales de interacción social; y el debate de las dos últimas décadas sobre el Antropoceno como una nueva época geológica en la que los seres humanos -o, más bien, los países ricos del Norte global- nos hemos convertido en una «fuerza geológica» capaz de alterar todos los ciclos naturales de la biosfera y poner en riesgo la supervivencia de la propia la humanidad.
Web Application with Machine Learning for House Price Prediction
Authors: Jáuregui-Velarde Raúl , Andrade-Arenas Laberiano , Hernandez Celis Domingo , Dávila-Morán Roberto Carlos , Cabanillas-Carbonell Michael
Published: December 2023

Every year, the price of a house changes due to different aspects, so accurately estimating the buying and selling price is a problem for real estate agencies. Therefore, the research work aims to build a Machine Learning (ML) model in Azure ML Studio and a web application to predict the buying and selling price of two types of houses: urban and rural houses, according to their characteristics, to minimize the forecast error in prediction. Following the basic stages of machine learning construction, we build the prediction model and the Rational Unified Process (RUP) methodology to build the web application. As a result, we obtained a model trained with a linear regression algorithm and a predictive ML model with a coefficient of determination of 95% and a web application that consumes the prediction model through an Application Programming Interface (API) that facilitates price prediction to customers. The quality of the prediction system was evaluated by expert judgment; they evaluated efficiency, usability, and functionality. After the calculation, they obtained an average quality of 4.88, which indicates that the quality is very high. In conclusion, the developed prediction system facilitates real estate agencies and their customers the accurate prediction of the price of urban and rural housing, minimizing accuracy errors in price prediction. Benefiting all people interested in the real estate world.
Experiments on Hydrogen Uptake and Diffusion in LiNb0.15Ta0.85O3 Single Crystals by Infra-Red Spectroscopy
Authors: Kofahl Claudia , Ganschow Steffen , Schmidt Harald
Published: December 2023

Hydrogen is an impurity that is often present in LiXO3 (X= Nb, Ta) single crystals and related materials. In this context, the diffusion of hydrogen is an important process because it may influence the overall conductivity of the material. We investigated the diffusional hydrogen uptake in LiNb0.15Ta0.85O3 single crystals at 600 °C. For the experiments, O2 is bubbled through liquid deuterated water (D2O), which leads to a saturation of the gas atmosphere with D2O that is incorporated into the crystal during isothermal annealing. The diffusivities of deuterium during uptake were determined by infra-red spectroscopy. We identified a fast process that can be associated with tracer diffusion and a second slower process with an almost three times lower diffusivity.
Copper, Iron and Aluminium Electrochemical Corrosion Investigation during Electrolysis and Temperature Increasing
Authors: Yarmolenko Mykhaylo V. , Mogilei Sergii O.
Published: December 2023

An experimental method to calculate average charge of metal ions by electrolysis at different temperatures is proposed. Aluminium undergoes dissolution to the Al3+ ions at all temperatures. Iron undergoes dissolution to the Fe2+ or the Fe3+ ions and copper undergoes dissolution to the Cu+ or the Cu2+. It depends on temperature and electric current density. Direct electric current value and anode mass decreasing were measured during electrolysis into concentrated NaCl solution in water (5 mol/kg or 23.1%, freezing point equals -22°C, pH 6.5–7.5) at room temperature and 100°C. The average charges of copper, iron, and aluminium ions were calculated using Faraday’s law of electrolysis at electric current density 3,000 A/m2 (or 30 A/dm2): +3 for aluminium; +2 for iron; and +1 for copper at room temperature, and +3 for aluminium; +2 for iron; and +1.5 for copper at temperature 100°C. The main condition was zAl=3. We concluded that calculations of the average metal ions charges, zFe and zCu, were correct since zAl=3. The result is as follows: the Al3+, the Fe2+, and the Cu+ ions dissolve into concentrated NaCl solution in water at room temperature; the Al3+, the Fe2+, the Cu+ and the Cu2+ ions (50%/50%) dissolve into the solution at temperature 100°C. We have obtained experimentally and by mathematical modelling that aluminium anodes (cylindrical or spherical) dissolve into the solution more rapidly with temperature increasing during electrolysis accordingly to the Arrhenius law, while copper anodes (cylindrical or spherical) dissolve more slowly with temperature increasing from room temperature to temperature 180°C like “inverse Arrhenius law”. Iron electrochemical corrosion rate practically does not depend on temperature below 100°C (and, obviously, up to 180°C) like “zeroth Arrhenius law”. The spherical anode effect is greater than the cylindrical anode effect in 1.5 times.
Effect of Fe-Cr Coating on the Fe-Ga Alloy Functional Properties
Authors: Palacheva Valeria V. , Cheverikin Vladimir V. , Chubov Daniil G. , Zadorozhnyy Mikhail Yu. , Zhukova Yulia S. , Sheveyko Alexander N. , Solonin Alexey N. , Kiryukhantsev-Korneev Philipp V. , Golovin Igor S.
Published: December 2023

Magnetron sputtering with a chromium-containing Fe-19at.%Cr alloy is used to improve the corrosion resistance of Fe-20at.%Ga alloy. The structure of the 2 μm coated layer and distribution of the elements (Fe, Cr, and Ga) are investigated. The bcc phase (A2 structure) is observed in the sputtered sample by XRD analysis. The corrosion resistance in 3.5%NaCl solution increases 14 times in the sample with 2 μm Fe-Cr coated layer. At the same time, the magnetron sputtering leads to a 10% decrease in magnetostriction and a 20% decrease in damping. This difference is explained by schemes of loading during magnetostriction and damping tests.
Statistical Model of Hydrogen Diffusion in BCC Metals
Authors: Bobyr Serhii , Odqvist Joakim
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this work is developing of the statistical model of hydrogen diffusion in the crystal lattice of BCC metals with an estimate of the contribution of quantum effects and deviations from the Arrhenius equation. The values of the statistical model calculations of H diffusion coefficients in Fe, V, Nb and Ta are in good agreement with the experimental data. The statistical model can also explain deviations from the Arrhenius equation at temperatures 300-500 K in Fe and Nb. The downward deviation of the diffusion coefficient at 300K can be explained by the fact that the statistical model does not consider the tunneling effect at temperatures below 300K. It was suggested that thermally activated fast tunnelling transition of hydrogen atoms through the potential barrier at temperatures below 500 K provides an almost free movement of H atoms in the α-Fe and V. Using the statistical model allows for the prediction of the diffusion coefficient for H in BCC metals at intermediate temperatures.
Astrophysics of X-Ray Binary Spectra
Authors: Corral-Bustamante R. Leticia
Published: December 2023

In view of the fact that X-ray sources present characteristic spectra that make them unique, the spectral fitting technique has proven to play a fundamental role through the use of models that make it possible to reproduce the observed spectrum, thus making it possible to characterize the type of source that gave rise to it. A tool of paramount importance, among others that are currently gaining ground, is the XSPEC software, which is a solid and stable spectral fitting package that allows us to conduct scientific work with high standards of rigor in the analysis of data from astronomical objects in whose processes high energies are intrinsically involved, as is the case of X-rays. In this work we fit and analyze experimental data of two X-ray binary spectra: Cyg X-1 and V 0332+53, with theoretical models in XSPEC to obtain the expected statistics of the best fit through the reduced chi-square (hereafter, χ2) in both astronomical sources. From the results, it can be concluded that in both sources the best fit representing the physical processes occurring in these binaries was achieved, very close to results obtained by other authors using different techniques, contributing to the state of the art of the spectrum of astrophysical processes of high energy binaries.
Development of Multi-Component B-C-N Diffusion Coating on Wrought AISI M2 High-Speed Steel Substrate
Authors: Chaus Alexander S. , Sahul Martin , Behúlová Mária , Kusý Martin , Sitkevich Mikhail V.
Published: December 2023

The present investigation has been carried out to study the microstructure evolution and microhardness of the multi-component B–C–N diffusion coatings developed on wrought AISI M2 high-speed steel substrate at 560 and 650 °C for 1 and 4 h for both temperatures. The microstructure of the coatings was studied using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersion spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Vickers microhardness measurements were also performed. The investigations showed that varying conditions of the thermochemical treatment resulted in a variety of coatings which exhibited varying microstructure, phase composition and microhardness.
Contribution to the Improvement of the Wear Resistance of the AISI 1010 Material by the Tribofinishing Process Using the Box-Behnken Experimental Designs
Authors: Saidi Djamel , Djema M.A. , Hamouda K , Abdi S , Bouaziz M
Published: December 2023

Tribofinishing is a mechanical-chemical process that utilizes low-frequency vibrations in the presence of abrasives and chemical additives. This process is primarily dependent on frequency and amplitude, which generally leads to improvements in characteristics, mechanical properties, physical attributes, and metallography of the treated surfaces. This document examines the influence of abrasives, specifically bakelites used as unguided cutting tools, on the wear resistance of AISI 1010 carbon steel. It takes into account the variation of influential parameters, namely frequency, amplitude, and treatment duration. The use of Minitab version 16 software enabled us to statistically analyze and interpret the obtained results, both numerically and graphically. This analysis also allowed us to determine the order and degree of influence of the factors on the response. The obtained results are highly interesting. The coefficient of friction decreased significantly with an increase in the treatment time, up to 90 minutes, while maintaining a frequency of up to 90 Hz and a maximum amplitude of 5 mm.
A Study to Assess Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Dental Undergraduate Students toward Infection Control
Authors: Joshi Parinika , Tank Bansri , Maniar Dirgham , Kothari Vidhi S.
Published: December 2023

Objective:

This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of infection control among dental undergraduate students and explore the correlation between these variables.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1000 dental undergraduate students from various dental colleges and universities. Participants were selected using a multistage random sampling method. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, and mean scores for KAP were calculated. Correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationships between KAP scores.

Results:

The demographic characteristics of the participants were well distributed, with 45.0% of male and 55.0% of female students. Academic years and age groups were evenly represented. The mean knowledge score was 7.45 ± 1.82 out of 10, indicating a high level of knowledge. The attitude mean score was 4.63 ± 0.89 out of 5, reflecting a positive outlook toward infection control. However, the practice mean score was 2.79 ± 0.66 out of 4, suggesting room for improvement in translating knowledge and attitudes into clinical practice. Correlation analysis demonstrated significant positive associations between knowledge–attitude (r = 0.695, P < 0.001), knowledge–practice (r = 0.537, P < 0.001), and attitude–practice (r = 0.465, P < 0.001) scores.

Conclusions:

Dental undergraduate students exhibit a good level of knowledge and a positive attitude toward infection control. However, the practical application of infection control measures during clinical training requires further emphasis. Targeted educational interventions can bridge the gap between knowledge and practice, enhancing infection control practices among future dental professionals, and contributing to improved patient safety and health-care quality.
The Utility of Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Patients of Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Care Hospital: An Observational Study
Authors: Gulanikar Aishwarya Anirudha , Salgar Somnath
Published: December 2023

Background:

Monitoring of blood sugar levels is necessary in patients with diabetes mellitus, especially in newly diagnosed patients. Regular monitoring and periodic checkup and monitoring is required to know level of control of blood sugar. Although investigations done in laboratory are more reliable, it becomes impracticable and costly affair in the Indian situation. Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is a good option for glycemic control and hypoglycemia diagnosis. The aim of our study is to estimate the utility of SMBG in diabetes mellitus and to study its effect in the improvement of glycemic control.

Materials and Methods:

This is an observational cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital. We administered a structured questionnaire to 100 patients with diabetes mellitus. The questionnaire included data about the use of glucometer, hypoglycemia episodes, hospitalizations, and glycemic control, for which we used fasting and postprandial blood glucose and haemoglobin A1c (HBA1c).

Results:

Out of the 100 patients included into the study, 35% used glucometer for SMBG. The mean values of fasting blood glucose in glucometer users and nonusers were 117.78 and 173.08, respectively (P = 0.043). The mean values of postprandial blood glucose in glucometer users and nonusers were 169.64 and 223.65, respectively (P = 0.042). HbA1c levels above 6.5 were seen in 49% of glucometer users and 54% of glucometer nonusers. More than three episodes/month of severe hypoglycemia were seen only in those who did not use glucometer and amounted to 23% of people in that group.

Conclusions:

The study concluded that the use of glucometer for SMBG improves glycemic control in patients of diabetes mellitus. The results also showed a decline in the number of severe hypoglycemia and hospitalization incidences in the SMBG group.
Perceptions Regarding Menstrual Cups among Medical Students of Tertiary Care Hospitals
Authors: Ravali Annaram , Kumar D. Sunil , Shree Amogha , Rakesh M. , Yadav Deepika
Published: December 2023

Background:

Menstruation is a normal body function and a sign of reproductive health. Today, there is a lot of discussion about menstrual hygiene and its management, which is important for the well-being of women everywhere. Due to traditional beliefs, a lack of awareness and information about ideal sanitary practices, and restricted availability of suitable and cheap menstrual hygiene products, managing menstruation hygiene can be difficult in low-income settings and among school-aged girls. The vaginal menstruation cup is an alternative to sanitary pads or tampons for managing menstrual hygiene.

Aims:

The aim the study is to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice on menstrual cups among medical students of tertiary medical college.

Methodology:

The cross-sectional study was conducted among 247 medical students of JSS Medical College, JSS AHER, Mysuru. Data were collected using a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire included sociodemographic profile and questions regarding students’ knowledge, perception, and menstrual cup usage. Data were entered into a Microsoft Excel sheet, and scoring was done and analyzed into descriptive statistics like percentages.

Results:

Out of 247 students, 98% were aware of menstrual cups and 118 (47.7%) had good knowledge of menstrual cups, 105 (42.5%) had a positive attitude regarding the usage of cups, and 16 (6.4%) practiced using menstrual cups. 59.9% of students reported media as their source of information.

Conclusion:

The study concludes that even though 98% were aware of menstrual cups, <50% have good knowledge, positive attitude, and practice. Limited knowledge and misconception regarding the menstrual cup should be addressed for better menstrual health and practice.
Structural and Biochemical Effects of Plumbagin on Sofosbuvir-induced Renal Cortical Injury in Rats: Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Interleukin-6, JAK2/STAT3, and Nuclear Factor Kappa B-induced Inflammation
Authors: Kandeel Samah , El-Beltagi Eman M.
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Hepatitis caused by virus C results in serious health complications. Sofosbuvir is effective for treating hepatitis C but, with side effects especially on kidneys. Plumbagin is a natural plant with a powerful anti-inflammatory effect.

Aim:

The assessment of plumbagin effect on the renal cortical damage in rats induced by sofosbuvir, by assessing tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), JAK2/STAT3 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB).

Materials and Methods:

Forty adult rats (250–300 g) were divided into: group 1 (control); Group 2 received sofosbuvir 36 mg/kg; Group 3 received sofosbuvir and low dose of plumbagin (5 mg/kg); Group 4 received sofosbuvir and mid-dose of plumbagin (10 mg/kg); Group 5 received sofosbuvir and high dose of plumbagin (20 mg/kg); and Group 6 (sofosbuvir recovery). Drugs were taken once daily orally for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected for the assessment of renal functions and serum TNF-α and IL-6. Renal specimens were processed for both measuring tissue JAK2/STAT3 levels and for histological and immunohistochemical studies.

Results:

Group 2 showed a significant rise of blood urea and serum creatinine, serum TNF-α and IL-6, tissue JAK2/STAT3, hematoxylin and eosin significant histopathological changes, significant increase of collagen area density at Masson’s trichrome and significant rise of NF-κB-positive cells. Plumbagin treated groups showed dose-dependent amelioration of the preceding results. The recovery group showed partial recovery.

Conclusion:

Plumbagin has an ameliorating dose-dependent effect against sofosbuvir-induced renal cortical damage in rats rather than those left to recover alone through its antiinflammatory action. Hence, plumbagin could be promising for the treatment of different inflammatory diseases.
Comparative Evaluation of Antifungal Property of Acrylic Resin Reinforced with Magnesium Oxide and Silver Nanoparticles and their Effect on Cytotoxic Levels: An In vitro Study
Authors: Peter Meekha , Bembalagi Mahantesh , Kanathila Hema , Santhosh Varkey Nadakkavukaran , Roy Treasa Richa , Monsy Mibin
Published: December 2023

Background:

About 65% of people who wear dentures suffer from denture stomatitis, a prevalent pathologic illness that is commonly linked to Candida albicans. The necessity for the creation of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) materials with intrinsic activity is brought on by increasing resistance of microbes. The study’s objectives were to examine and compare the antifungal properties of acrylic resin by adding silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs), as well as to determine its cellular toxicity at various nanoparticle concentrations on mouse fibroblasts.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 84 samples were created, including 12 control samples, 36 samples of PMMA resin reinforced with AgNPs, and 36 samples of PMMA resin reinforced with MgONPs. Disk diffusion technique was used to assess the antifungal effectiveness of the samples. By using the MTT test, the cytotoxicity of various nanoparticle concentrations was evaluated. Analysis of variance test and unpaired t-test were used to analyze the data, and then Tukey’s post hoc test was performed.

Results:

The mean values for AgNPs and MgONPs at 2%, 4%, and 6% after 24 h were 13.71 ± 2.07, 18.58 ± 1.62, and 27.96 ± 1.76 and 11.63 ± 1.35, 14.38 ± 1.63, and 18.25 ± 1.39, respectively. In contrast to the MgONPs group, samples with AgNPs showed greater antifungal efficacy against C. albicans. On mouse fibroblasts, MgONP concentrations showed more cytotoxicity, but AgNP concentrations showed less cytotoxicity.

Conclusion:

By adding AgNPs and MgONPs to acrylic resins, which are highly efficient against C. albicans, denture stomatitis can be treated.
Retrobulbar hemorrhage with occult globe rupture – A sinister confluence
Authors: Sainath Dipika , Deepikadevi S. N. , Vallinayagam Muthukrishnan
Published: December 2023

Orbital compartment syndrome following blunt trauma is typified by an acute onset of proptosis and tight orbit, with retrobulbar hemorrhage (RBH) being the principal cause. A 9-year-old boy with blunt trauma to the left eye presented with sudden onset of pain and dramatic visual loss. Visual acuity was documented as perception of light. Examination revealed ecchymosis of eyelids, hemorrhagic chemosis, complete restriction of extraocular movements, exposure keratopathy, and relative afferent pupillary defect. A hazy view of the fundus revealed a normal optic disc. Although features favored RBH, the absence of “tight orbit” invoked suspicion. Computed tomography unveiled a hematoma in the superonasal aspect of the orbit with tenting of posterior aspect of the globe and altered globe contour, suggesting posterior globe rupture. This case highlights that an occult globe rupture should be suspected in traumatic proptosis with a “not so tight” orbit.
Malignant appearing benign lid tumor – An isolated upper lid schwannoma
Authors: Agrawal Sahil , Tripathi Manasi , Bajaj Mandeep Singh , Das Deepsekhar
Published: December 2023

Sebaceous carcinoma is notorious for masquerading as other benign and malignant lesions. A 50-year-old male presented with a painless mass on the lateral aspect of the right upper lid. On examination, there was a 25 mm ××× 20 mm ×× 14 mm, nontender, well-defined, nodular mass hanging from the lateral aspect of the left upper lid with loss of lid margin architecture, and lashes locally. A differential diagnosis of sebaceous cell carcinoma was made. He was taken up for excision biopsy with frozen section control of margins which to our surprise revealed a spindle cell tumor with no signs of malignancy. Later on detailed histopathological examination and immunohistology of excised mass, a diagnosis of schwannoma of eyelid was reached. It is, therefore, better to err on the side of caution, diagnosing, and managing such dubious tumors vigilantly. Schwannomas thought very rare, should be kept in mind as a differential of the upper eyelid tumors.
Bilateral anterior lenticonus in Alport syndrome
Authors: Kasturi Nirupama , Benita T Doris
Published: December 2023

Anterior lenticonus is a structural anomaly of the crystalline lens characterized by a localized conical or spherical protrusion centered about the pole of the anterior lens surface. A 23-year-old female presented with a gradual, progressive, painless decrease in vision of both eyes associated with hearing loss from childhood. The anterior segment examination showed a conical protrusion of the lens in the pupillary axis. Fundus showed pigmentary changes and a dull foveolar reflex-lozenge sign. Clear lens extraction was done for both eyes. The central protruded fragile lens capsule was meticulously handled during surgery to create well centered circumcorneal capsulorhexis using micro forceps.
Ocular gamut of neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Shanthaveerappa Prathibha , Tegginamatha Nithisha , Rao Neethu Narayan , Suryaprakash Suyog Ajjampur
Published: December 2023

Background:

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a multi-system autosomal dominant disorder affecting 1 in 3000 individuals. The diagnostic criteria of NF1 includes ocular manifestations.

Objective:

To study the ophthalmic manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1 and evaluate complications, if any.

Methodology:

A total of 30 eyes of 15 neurofibromatosis cases presenting to the ophthalmology outpatient department (OPD) underwent a detailed ocular examination, and clinical manifestations in each case were analyzed.

Results:

Lisch nodules were the most common presentation. Twenty-eight eyes of 14 patients had bilateral and one had unilateral presentation. Six eyes of three patients had ectropion uveae, one eye had plexiform neurofibroma, and one eye had pulsatile proptosis with absence of lesser wing of sphenoid. Other manifestations seen were optic nerve glioma, secondary optic atrophy, closed angles with raised intraocular pressure (IOP), medullated nerve fiber and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophic changes.

Conclusion:

This case series represents a spectrum of ocular manifestations of NF1 and highlights the importance of ocular examination and regular follow-up in these patients.
Clinical study and outcome of rhino-orbital mucormycosis patients
Authors: Suresha A.R. , Sonwalkar Swati S.
Published: December 2023

Objectives:

To know the clinical presentation and outcome of rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis during the limited availability of facilities during the acute surge of COVID-19 pandemic.

Method:

We conducted a retrospective, non-interventional observational study on 55 patients with rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis. The study was undertaken based on the data available from case records who were diagnosed with rhino-orbital mucormycosis.

Results:

The mean age was 51.1 ± 11.3 years with a male preponderance of 72.7%. Fifty percent of patients were receiving treatment in mucormycosis ward. Concurrent ongoing COVID-19 with ROCM and past history of COVID-19 were present in 49.1% and 34.5%, respectively. History of steroid usage was seen in 81.81% of cases. Old case of diabetes and newly diagnosed diabetics were 47.3% and 32.7%, respectively. The most common clinical presentation was proptosis (65.5%), partial ophthalmoplegia (65.6%), and ptosis (50.9%), with highest number of patients involving orbital apex (34%). Injection amphotericin B, TRAMB, FESS, FESS with orbital debridement, and exenteration were done in 76.4%, 74.5%, 72.7%, 32.4%, and 1.8%, respectively.

Conclusion:

Mucormycosis should be suspected in patients with COVID-19 irrespective of severity with history of steroid usage associated with diabetes mellitus in second and third week. Our study signifies the importance of early diagnosis and prompt initiation of treatment with systemic, transcutaneous retrobulbar amphotericin B injection, and debridement of the orbit helps to salvage eye without requiring orbital exenteration. Even during scarcity of drugs and inadequately equipped health system, we were still able to salvage eyes in maximum number of patients.
Angiosarcoma: A Rare Complication of Chronic Lymphatic Filariasis
Authors: Mathew Vinie Mary , Supriya N. K. , Unni Anjit
Published: December 2023

Lymphatic filariasis is a common tropical disease which most often leads to disabling complications like elephantiasis of the limbs. Uncommonly, long-standing lymphatic filariasis may lead to angiosarcoma, an aggressive vascular tumour. Angiosarcoma may arise in chronic lymphoedema secondary to various aetiologies including post-radiational or post-surgical. An infective aetiology may be rare but preventable with proper treatment.
Discrete Wavelet Analysis: A Mighty Approach for Image Segmentation
Authors: Meng Wu  , Hou Yangyang
Published: December 2023

This paper explores the application of Discrete Wavelet Analysis, a mathematical and signal processing technique, in the context of image segmentation, which provide a pixel-level or region-level decomposition of the image, enabling the extraction of relevant information for subsequent analysis and interpretation. Introducing the basic image segmentation techniques and the DWA, this paper discovers that DWA has found widespread application in fields such as signal processing, image analysis, and data compression. Compared with Fourier Transform, DWA is more suitable for image segmentation, having unique advantages and characteristics. Among the procedures of image segmentation, the most important point is feature selection, which determine the criteria for distinguishing different regions within the image. Despite DWA has many advantages, this technology also owns many challenges and limitations, which may be solved by lasting academic research to refine and extend Discrete Wavelet Analysis methodologies for image segmentation. In short, this research highlights the promise of Discrete Wavelet Analysis, emphasizing the use of high- quality image processing.