bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HÉLIO REIS E PAULO FREIRE: TEORIA E PRÁTICA EM APRENDIZADOS MÚTUOS
Authors: Costa Patrícia Cláudia da
Published: July 2014

Este estudo pretende analisar as contribuições mútuas para o aprendizado dosdesafios da educação popular no Brasil, no período imediatamente posterior ao exílio políticovigente entre 1964-1980, com base em duas fontes orais inéditas: a transcrição de um registroem áudio de um dos encontros entre Paulo Freire e educadores populares que atuavam nacidade de Guarulhos, realizado em 1980, e entrevista com um agente social que se destacavanesse grupo, por sua diferenciada experiência de exílio interno, o Prof. Hélio de Sousa Reis.Ambos os registros serão analisados com base no cotejamento das fontes associado aoarcabouço teórico freiriano. Os eixos de análise são: a questão da continuidade e doacompanhamento dos educandos, a pós-alfabetização, a distinção entre tomada de consciênciae conscientização e, por fim, a finalidade da alfabetização. Espera-se colocar em discussão arelação entre prática e teoria na educação popular, evidenciando que uma produção intelectualda envergadura da obra freiriana deve grande parte de seus conteúdos e análises às vozes evisões de educadores populares, com os quais o autor travou generoso e atento diálogo.
Simulation of Gash Model to Rainfall Interception of Pinus tabulaeformis
Authors: Liang Wenjun
Published: July 2014

Aim of study: In order to test the adaptability of revised Gash analytical model to canopy interception of Pinus tabulaeformis plantation, determine local parameters in the model, and analyze the sensitivity of the parameters to the simulated interception.Area of study: The throughfall experiment has been completed in Hebei province of China during 2010.Material and methods: During the experiment process, rainfall，throughfall and stemflow were measured and canopy interception was simulated with the revised Gash analytical model.Main results: The results show that the rate of measured throughfall, stem flow and canopy interception occupied to rainfall were 67.08%, 3.10% and 29.82%. Canopy storage capacity, stem storage capacity and Stemflow partitioning coefficient was 2.68 mm, 1.22mm and 0.03. Evaporation rate varied from 0.01 to 0.37 mm•h-1 and the ratio of evaporation and rainfall (E/R) ranged from 0.01 to 0.19 in rainfall periods.Research highlights: The revised gash model was able to accurately simulate the weekly canopy interception of Pinus tabulaeformis forest.Key words: Gash analytical model; Throughfall; Canopy interception; Pinus tabulaeformis plantation.
Ocular flutter as the presenting sign of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kruger Joshua M. , Yonekawa Yoshihiro , Skidd Philip , Cestari Dean M.
Published: July 2014

Ocular flutter is a rare ophthalmic finding that could represent paraneoplastic phenomena. In adults it is most commonly associated with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Most patients also present with other neurological defects. We report the case of a 75-year-old woman who presented with isolated ocular flutter. The ensuing workup was significant for an early lung adenocarcinoma that would not have been biopsied otherwise due to its small size. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of isolated ocular flutter as the presenting symptom of non-SCLC.
Serum amyloid A is a retinol binding protein that transports retinol during bacterial infection
Authors: Derebe Mehabaw G , Zlatkov Clare M , Gattu Sureka , Ruhn Kelly A , Vaishnava Shipra , Diehl Gretchen E , MacMillan John B , Williams Noelle S , Hooper Lora V
Published: July 2014

Retinol plays a vital role in the immune response to infection, yet proteins that mediate retinol transport during infection have not been identified. Serum amyloid A (SAA) proteins are strongly induced in the liver by systemic infection and in the intestine by bacterial colonization, but their exact functions remain unclear. Here we show that mouse and human SAAs are retinol binding proteins. Mouse and human SAAs bound retinol with nanomolar affinity, were associated with retinol in vivo, and limited the bacterial burden in tissues after acute infection. We determined the crystal structure of mouse SAA3 at a resolution of 2 Å, finding that it forms a tetramer with a hydrophobic binding pocket that can accommodate retinol. Our results thus identify SAAs as a family of microbe-inducible retinol binding proteins, reveal a unique protein architecture involved in retinol binding, and suggest how retinol is circulated during infection.
Intact protein folding in the glutathione-depleted endoplasmic reticulum implicates alternative protein thiol reductants
Authors: Tsunoda Satoshi , Avezov Edward , Zyryanova Alisa , Konno Tasuku , Mendes-Silva Leonardo , Pinho Melo Eduardo , Harding Heather P , Ron David
Published: July 2014

Protein folding homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) requires efficient protein thiol oxidation, but also relies on a parallel reductive process to edit disulfides during the maturation or degradation of secreted proteins. To critically examine the widely held assumption that reduced ER glutathione fuels disulfide reduction, we expressed a modified form of a cytosolic glutathione-degrading enzyme, ChaC1, in the ER lumen. ChaC1CtoS purged the ER of glutathione eliciting the expected kinetic defect in oxidation of an ER-localized glutathione-coupled Grx1-roGFP2 optical probe, but had no effect on the disulfide editing-dependent maturation of the LDL receptor or the reduction-dependent degradation of misfolded alpha-1 antitrypsin. Furthermore, glutathione depletion had no measurable effect on induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR); a sensitive measure of ER protein folding homeostasis. These findings challenge the importance of reduced ER glutathione and suggest the existence of alternative electron donor(s) that maintain the reductive capacity of the ER.
Comparison of energetic electron intensities outside and inside the radiation belts
Authors: Lui A. T. Y. , Mitchell D. G. , Lanzerotti L. J.
Published: July 2014

The intensities of energetic electrons (~25–800 keV) outside and inside Earth's radiation belts are reported using measurements from Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms and Van Allen Probes during nongeomagnetic storm periods. Three intervals of current disruption/dipolarization events in August 2013 were selected for comparison. The following results are obtained. (1) Phase space densities (PSDs) for the equatorially mirroring electron population at three values of the first adiabatic invariant (20, 70, and 200 MeV/G) at the outer radiation belt boundary are found to be 1 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than values measured just inside the radiation belt. (2) There is indication that substorm activity leads to PSD increases inside L = 5.5 in less than 1 h. (3) Evidence for progressive inward transport of enhanced PSDs is found. (4) Reductions and enhancements in the PSDs over L shells from 3.5 to 6 are found to occur rapidly in ~2–3 h. These results suggest that (1) continual replenishments are required to maintain high levels of PSD for electrons at these energies and (2) inward radial transport of these electrons occurs in a fast timescale of a few hours.
Simulations of the equatorial thermosphere anomaly: Geomagnetic activity modulation
Authors: Lei Jiuhou , Wang Wenbin , Thayer Jeffrey P. , Luan Xiaoli , Dou Xiankang , Burns Alan G. , Solomon Stanley C.
Published: July 2014

The modulation of geomagnetic activity on the equatorial thermosphere anomaly (ETA) in thermospheric temperature under the high solar activity condition is investigated using the Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model simulations. The model simulations during the geomagnetically disturbed interval, when the north‐south component of the interplanetary magnetic field (Bz) oscillates between southward and northward directions, are analyzed and also compared with those under the quiet time condition. Our results show that ionospheric electron densities increase greatly in the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest region and decrease around the magnetic equator during the storm time, resulting from the enhanced eastward electric fields. The impact of both the direct heat deposition at high latitudes and the modulation of the storm time enhanced EIA crests on the ETA are subsequently studied. The increased plasma densities over the EIA crest region enhance the field‐aligned ion drag that accelerates the poleward meridional winds and consequently their associated adiabatic cooling effect. This process alone produces a deeper temperature trough over the magnetic equator as a result of the enhanced divergence of meridional winds. Moreover, the enhanced plasma‐neutral collisional heating at higher latitudes associated with the ionospheric positive storm effect causes a weak increase of the ETA crests. On the other hand, strong changes of the neutral temperature are mainly confined to higher latitudes. Nevertheless, the changes of the ETA purely due to the increased plasma density are overwhelmed by those associated with the storm time heat deposition, which is the major cause of an overall elevated temperature in both the ETA crests and trough during the geomagnetically active period. Associated with the enhanced neutral temperature at high latitudes due to the heat deposition, the ETA crest‐trough differences become larger under the minor geomagnetic activity condition than under the quiet time condition. However, when geomagnetic activity is further elevated, the ETA crests tend to be masked by high temperatures at middle and high latitudes.
Spontaneous Counterion‐Induced Vesicle Formation: Multivalent Binding to Europium(III) for a Wide‐Range Optical pH Sensor
Authors: Li Gaocan , Zhang Shiyong , Wu Ningjie , Cheng Yangyang , You Jingsong
Published: July 2014

A counterion‐directed molecular design strategy is described for the spontaneous formation of stable vesicles via readily available imidazolium salts with the EDTA counterion in aqueous media. The counteranion is employed to adjust the balance between hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts, which satisfies the requirement of packing parameter for vesicle formation. The counterion‐induced vesicles (CIVs) feature spontaneous formation, simple preparation, and easy availability of surfactants. Importantly, the unusual counterion‐induced vesicle‐like sphere aggregates can further chelate europium(III) ions to enhance the europium‐centered emission in aqueous media and make it viable for an optical pH sensor, which exhibits a linear response in a wide range of pH values from 3 to 11. To the best of our knowledge, this constitutes one of the widest ranges of Eu‐based pH sensors reported so far. This design concept has offered a new avenue for the preparation of functional vesicles.
Annulation Approach to Doubly Linked (A‐type) Oligocatechins: Syntheses of (+)‐Procyanidin A2 and (+)‐Cinnamtannin B1
Authors: Ito Yuji , Ohmori Ken , Suzuki Keisuke
Published: July 2014

The first stereoselective syntheses of doubly linked (A‐type) oligocatechins, (+)‐procyanidin A2 and (+)‐cinnamtannin B1, have been achieved. Ethylenedioxy‐bridged flavans served as excellent platforms, thus allowing annulation with nucleophilic catechin units in a stereoselective manner. An additional key was the new synthetic approach to selectively protected nucleophilic catechin, thus enabling regioselective construction of the key dioxabicyclo skeleton of the A‐type oligocatechins.
Gewinnung von 7‐(3‐Hydroxybutyl)‐8‐chlortheophyllin und dem davon abgeleiteten Tetrahydro‐oxazixanopurin in enantiomerenreiner Form
Authors: Dreier Antje , Haller Rolf
Published: July 2014

Es wird die Racematspaltung von 7‐(3‐Hydroxybutyl)‐8‐chlortheophyllin 1 über diastereomere Camphansäureester beschrieben. Anschließend kann der Alkohol (+)‐1 zum optisch aktiven Tetrahydro‐oxazixanopurin 3 cyclisiert werden. 3 erhält man auch direkt bei Verseifung des entspr. diastereomerenreinen Camphansäureesters 2.
2,6‐Piperidindione, 4. Mitt.: Synthese der Racemate und der Enantiomere 3,3‐disubstituierter 2,6‐Piperidindione mit basischer Seitenkette
Authors: Knabe Joachim , Wahl Sebastian
Published: July 2014

Es wird die Synthese der 2,6‐Piperidindione 6a, 6b und 6c mit einer basischen Seitenkette und einem Phenylrest in 3‐Stellung und der Verbindungen 7a–7d beschrieben, die statt des Phenylrestes einen 2‐Thienylrest besitzen. Die Racematspaltung der Piperidindione 6a, 6b, 7a und 7b, die eine Aminoethylseitenkette tragen, gelingt mit Binaphthylphosphorsäure. Sie gelingt nicht bei 6c, 7c und 7d, die eine Aminopropylseitenkette aufweisen. (–)6c wird aus dem Cyanobuttersäurederivat (+)14 gewonnen, dessen Herstellung beschrieben wird. Aus dem Racemat und den Enantiomeren von 6a werden durch Hydrierung das Racemat und die Enantiomere von 8a erhalten. Das Racemat und die Enantiomere von 6b und 7b geben bei der Methylierung mit Diazomethan das Racemat und die Enantiomere von 9b und 10b.
Phenanthrylalkanoic Acids I: Syntheses and Biological Activities of 1‐Phenanthryl Derivatives
Authors: Eirín Ana , Fernández Franco , Gómez Generosa , López Carmen , Santos Ana , Calleja José M. , De La Iglesia Dolores , Cano Ernesto
Published: July 2014

Reformatsky reactions between 3.4‐dihydro‐1(2H)‐phenanthrenone (5) and ethyl α‐bromoacetate or propanoate yield several unsaturated esters which, upon aromatization followed by saponification, lead to the 1‐phenanthrylacetic (1) and 2‐(1‐phenanthryl)propanoic (2) acids, whose analgesic and anti‐inflammatory properties were measured and found comparable to those of Fenbufen.
Cyclische Hydroxamsäuren: Synthese von 4‐Hydroxy‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazolin‐5‐onen
Authors: Schaper Wolfgang
Published: July 2014

Cyclic Hydroxamic Acids: Synthesis of 4‐Hydroxy‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazolin‐5‐ones

A series of 4‐hydroxy‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazolin‐5‐ones (3) was prepared by cyclization of 2‐acylhydrazine‐1‐carboxylic esters (4) with hydroxylamine or by reaction of arylhydroxamoyl chlorides with methyl hydrazinecarboxylate and cyclization of the hydrazidoxime intermediate 11 with base. None of the new compounds showed significant antibacterial or antimycotic activity.
Beiträge zur Chemie des Pyridazinsystems, 34. Mitt.: Synthese neuer Diaza‐Analoga des Acridons, Xanthons und Thioxanthons aus 3,4‐disubstituierten Pyridazinen
Authors: Heinisch Gottfried , Laßnigg Doris
Published: July 2014

Die bisher nicht beschriebenen tricyclischen Systeme Pyridazino|3,4‐b|chinolin‐5(10H)on. 5H‐|1|Benzopyrano|2,3‐c|pyridazin‐5‐on und 5H‐|1|Benzothiopyrano|2,3‐c|pyridazin‐5‐on werden durch Umsetzung von 3‐Chlor‐4‐pyridazincarbonitril mit Arylaminen. Phenol bzw. Thiophenol, gefolgt von Cyclisierung mittels Polyphosphorsäure (PPA) zugänglich.
Beiträge zur Chemie des Pyrazolsystems, 1. Mitt.: Ein effizienter Zugang zu Aryl‐ oder Benzyl‐4‐pyrazolylketonen und ‐carbinolen
Authors: Heinisch Gottfried , Holzer Wolfgang , Huber Thierry
Published: July 2014

Ausgehend von 4‐Brompyrazol ergibt sich ein verbesserter Zugang zu 4‐Benzoylpyrazol (3) und dem zugehörigen Alkohol 4a durch Dilithiierung gefolgt von Umsetzung mit entspr. Elektrophilen. Auf analoge Weise sind auch die homologen Verbindungen 5 und 7 bequem zugänglich.
Chiral Carbonaceous Nanotubes Containing Twisted Carbonaceous Nanoribbons, Prepared by the Carbonization of Chiral Organic Self‐Assemblies
Authors: Huo Hongjing , Li Yi , Yuan Yuan , Lin Shuwei , Li Baozong , Wang Mingliang , Yang Yonggang
Published: July 2014

Single‐handed helical silica nanotubes containing chiral organic self‐assemblies were prepared by using a supramolecular templating approach. After carbonization and the removal of the silica, single‐handed helical carbonaceous nanotubes that contained twisted carbonaceous nanoribbons were obtained. It is believed that the nanotubes formed as a result of the adsorption of low‐molecular‐weight gelators. The twisted nanoribbons were formed because of the carbonization of the organic self‐assemblies. The samples were characterized by using field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and circular dichroism. For the samples carbonized at 900 °C for 3.0 h, a partially graphitized structure was identified. The circular dichroism (CD) spectra indicated that the twisted nanoribbons exhibited optical activity. The CD spectrum was simulated by using time‐dependent density functional theory. The results suggested that the CD signals originated from the chiral stacking of aromatic rings.
Structural covariance of superficial white matter in mild Alzheimer's disease compared to normal aging
Authors: Carmeli Cristian , Fornari Eleonora , Jalili Mahdi , Meuli Reto , Knyazeva Maria G.
Published: July 2014

Introduction

Interindividual variations in regional structural properties covary across the brain, thus forming networks that change as a result of aging and accompanying neurological conditions. The alterations of superficial white matter (SWM) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are of special interest, since they follow theAD‐specific pattern characterized by the strongest neurodegeneration of the medial temporal lobe and association cortices.

Methods

Here, we present anSWMnetwork analysis in comparison withSWMtopography based on the myelin content quantified with magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) for 39 areas in each hemisphere in 15ADpatients and 15 controls. The networks are represented by graphs, in which nodes correspond to the areas, and edges denote statistical associations between them.

Results

In both groups, the networks were characterized by asymmetrically distributed edges (predominantly in the left hemisphere). TheAD‐related differences were also leftward. The edges lost due toADtended to connect nodes in the temporal lobe to other lobes or nodes within or between the latter lobes. The newly gained edges were mostly confined to the temporal and paralimbic regions, which manifest demyelination ofSWMalready in mildAD.

Conclusion

This pattern suggests that theADpathological process coordinatesSWMdemyelination in the temporal and paralimbic regions, but not elsewhere. A comparison of theMTRmaps withMTR‐based networks shows that although, in general, the changes in network architecture inADrecapitulate the topography of (de)myelination, some aspects of structural covariance (including the interhemispheric asymmetry of networks) have no immediate reflection in the myelination pattern.
Three degrees of security: Attachment and forensic institutions
Authors: Adshead Gwen
Published: July 2014

Attachment theory can be a useful tool for understanding management problems in forensic institutions, where staff and residents are involved in long‐term dependency relationships that involve both care and control. The author discusses the relationship between security and violence, and how the forensic institution needs to become a ‘secure base’.
A psychoanalytic view of two forensic mental health services
Authors: Kurtz Arabella
Published: July 2014

The work of forensic mental health practitioners is particularly challenging because of the pervasive and long‐term difficulties of mentally disordered offenders and the combined therapeutic and custodial duties of forensic services. Despite this, little has been written about the psychological impact of this type of work on staff and the organization of forensic services. The focus in this article is on two services where the author worked: a regional secure unit (RSU) and community forensic mental health service. The complexity of the task in both services is discussed. Suggestions are made about the feelings, conscious and unconscious, which the task and working environment arouse in practitioners. Observations relating to the working culture of the two services are offered, broadly understood as organizational defences against anxiety in the staff groups. Concepts from the psychoanalytic study of organizations are used to analyse these observations. There is a discussion as to how to limit the need for the development of organizational defences in forensic mental health.
ChemInform Abstract: Ca[LiAl3N4]:Eu2+ — A Narrow‐Band Red‐Emitting Nitridolithoaluminate.
Authors: Pust Philipp , Wochnik Angela S. , Baumann Elen , Schmidt Peter J. , Wiechert Detlef , Scheu Christina , Schnick Wolfgang
Published: July 2014

Ca[LiAl3N4]:Eu2+ is prepared by firing a mixture of Ca, LiAlH4, LiN3, AlF3, and 5 mol% EuF3 (Ta ampules, 1000 °C, 4.5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Encapsulation of LiFePO4 by in‐situ Graphitized Carbon Cage Towards Enhanced Low Temperature Performance as Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries.
Authors: Yao Bin , Ding Zhaojun , Zhang Jianxin , Feng Xiaoyu , Yin Longwei
Published: July 2014

A novel structured LiFePO4/C composite as cathode material for lithium ion batteries in which nanosized LiFePO4 spheres are encapsulated by in‐situ graphitized carbon cages is prepared from a mixture of LiFePO4 seeds (obtained from poly‐ferrocene and LiH2PO4 heated at 700 °C for 5 h in an Ar atmosphere), LiH2PO4, and FeC2O4 (flowing Ar, 400 °C, 6 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Monodisperse Au@Co3O4 Core‐Shell Nanocrystals and Their Enhanced Catalytic Activity for Oxygen Evolution Reaction.
Authors: Zhuang Zhongbin , Sheng Wenchao , Yan Yushan
Published: July 2014

Novel O2 evolution reaction (OER) catalysts, monodisperse Au@Co3O4 core‐shell nanocrystals, are prepared by precipitation of Au nanoparticles from a HAuCl4 solution in tBu‐NH2·BH3, tetraline, and oleylamine (OAm) by addition of EtOH followed by deposition of a Co shell from a Co(acac)2 solution in OAm and oleic acid (110 °C, 1 h), fixation on high‐surface area C support, and calcination in air to Co3O4 (185 °C, 5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Isopolyoxotungstate [H2W11O38]8— Based Metal Organic Framework: As Lewis Acid Catalyst for Cyanosilylation of Aromatic Aldehydes.
Authors: Han Qiuxia , Sun Xueping , Li Jie , Ma Pengtao , Niu Jingyang
Published: July 2014

Green cubic single crystals of [Cu2(bpy)(H2O)5.5]2 [H2W11O38] ·3H2O·0.5MeCN (bpy: 4,4′‐bipyridine) are solvothermally synthesized from (Bu4N)4W10O32, Cu(NO3)2, and bpy in a 1:1 mixture of H2O and MeCN (autoclave, pH 3.7, 130 °C, 3 d; 40% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Diastereoselective Vinylogous Mukaiyama Aldol Reaction of Isatins with 2‐(Trimethylsilyloxy)furans Catalyzed by Quinine.
Authors: Kong Shasha , Fan Weidong , Lyu Hairong , Zhan Junchen , Miao Xinyu , Miao Zhiwei
Published: July 2014

A number of δ‐hydroxyalkylbutenolide oxindoles (III) are obtained with high diastereoselectivity by quinine‐catalyzed direct vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol reaction of N‐unsubstituted and N‐alkyl‐isatins with 2‐(trimethylsilyloxy)furans.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Novel Vicinal Amino Alcohols via Intramolecular Ketone‐N‐sulfinylimine Pinacol‐Type Reductive Coupling Promoted by SmI2.
Authors: Zhao Yun‐Hui , Liu Han‐Wen
Published: July 2014

A series of 1‐amino‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydronaphthalen‐2‐carbinols are synthesized in moderate to good yields with excellent e.e.‐ and high d.e.‐values via a novel asymmetric intramolecular pinacol‐type reductive coupling reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Carbon‐Carbon Cross‐Coupling via Palladium‐Catalyzed Copper‐Mediated C—S Cleavage of Disulfides.
Authors: Quan Zheng‐Jun , Lv Ying , Jing Fu‐Qiang , Jia Xiao‐Dong , Huo Cong‐De , Wang Xi‐Cun
Published: July 2014

The formation of C‐C bonds via a Liebeskind—Srogl‐type coupling of diaryldisulfides with boronic acids or terminal alkynes is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Modular Synthesis of Functionalizable Alkoxy‐Tethered N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands and an Active Catalyst for Buchwald—Hartwig Aminations.
Authors: Krinsky Jamin L. , Martinez Alberto , Godard Cyril , Castillon Sergio , Claver Carmen
Published: July 2014

The synthesized NHC‐Pd‐complex catalyzes Buchwald—Hartwig amination of sterically demanding tetra‐ortho‐substituted diarylamines in short reaction times and high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chan—Lam Reaction of Chalcogen Elements Leading to Aryl Chalcogenides.
Authors: Yu Jin‐Tao , Guo Huan , Yi Yuanqiuqiang , Fei Haiyang , Jiang Yan
Published: July 2014

CuF2‐catalyzed reaction of arylboronic acids with sulfur furnishes diaryl disulfides with excellent selectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium on Ionic Liquid Derived Nanofibrillated Mesoporous Carbon: A Recyclable Catalyst for the Ullmann Homocoupling Reactions of Aryl Halides in Water.
Authors: Karimi Babak , Behzadnia Hesam , Vali Hojatollah
Published: July 2014

The catalyst can be recovered and reused at least four times without significant loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Platinum‐Catalyzed anti‐Stereocontrolled Ring‐Opening of Oxabicyclic Alkenes with Grignard Reagents.
Authors: Yang Dingqiao , Liang Ni
Published: July 2014

An efficient and practical approach for the synthesis of anti‐2‐substituted‐1,2‐dihydronaphthalen‐1‐ol derivatives [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Spirooxindole—Pyrrolidine Compounds: Synthesis, Anticancer and Molecular Docking Studies.
Authors: Arun Y. , Saranraj K. , Balachandran C. , Perumal P. T.
Published: July 2014

A variety of novel spirooxindole‐pyrrolidine derivatives are synthesized by 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions of azomethine ylides derived from isatin and sarcosine or thiaproline with acrylonitriles (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Benzo[b]furans as Inhibitors of Tubulin Polymerization and Inducers of Apoptosis.
Authors: Kamal Ahmed , Reddy N. V. Subba , Nayak V. Lakshma , Reddy V. Saidi , Prasad B. , Nimbarte Vijaykumar D. , Srinivasulu Vunnam , Vishnuvardhan M. V. P. S. , Reddy C. Suresh
Published: July 2014

Functionalization of key intermediate (IV) furnishes 29 different benzofuran derivatives, e.g. (V).
ChemInform Abstract: A Streamlined Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydrobenzofurans via the ortho‐Quinone Methides Generated from 2‐Alkyl‐Substituted Phenols.
Authors: Wu Bo , Chen Mu‐Wang , Ye Zhi‐Shi , Yu Chang‐Bin , Zhou Yong‐Gui
Published: July 2014

Silver‐oxide‐mediated oxidation of 2‐alkyl‐substituted phenols generates ortho‐quinone methides which are directly trapped with trialkylsulfonium salts in the presence of base to give 2,3‐dihydrofurans in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Amide Derivatives of Benzodifuran‐2‐carboxylic Acid.
Authors: Soni Jigar N. , Soman Shubhangi S.
Published: July 2014

The synthesized compounds with electron withdrawing groups at the para position of the amine exhibit moderate activity against Gram‐positive bacteria B.
ChemInform Abstract: Intra‐ and Intermolecular Alkylation of N,O‐Acetals and π‐Activated Alcohols Catalyzed by in situ Generated Acid.
Authors: Dalla Vincent , et al. et al.
Published: July 2014

For the first time the successful use of HCl as an efficient alkylation catalyst is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from Olefins with Sodium Bicarbonates as the C1 Source.
Authors: Yang Xiaoqing , Wu Jie , Mao Xianwen , Jamison Timothy F. , Hatton T. Alan
Published: July 2014

Compared to conventional heating, microwave heating provides remarkably better selectivities and yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of H‐Pyrazolo[5,1‐a]isoquinolines via Silver(I)‐Catalyzed Tandem Reaction of N′‐(2‐Alkynylbenzylidene)hydrazides with Propargyl Amine Derivatives.
Authors: Liu Hongliang , Wang Zhiyong , Pu Shouzhi , Liu Gang
Published: July 2014

The title reaction occurs by a tandem 6‐endo‐cyclization, nucleophilic addition, 5‐endo‐cyclization and aromatization, providing cycloadducts in moderate to good yields with exclusive regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu‐Catalyzed Amidation of Halogenated Imidazoles.
Authors: Wang Mo , Zhang Zhenfeng , Xie Fang , Zhang Wanbin
Published: July 2014

The product (IX) can be further used to prepare a novel chiral imidazole catalyst for the kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Eco‐Friendly Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐1‐arylmethyl‐1H‐benzimidazoles Using Alumina‐Sulfuric Acid as a Heterogeneous Reusable Catalyst.
Authors: Pramanik Amit , Roy Rimi , Khan Sagar , Ghatak Avishek , Bhar Sanjay
Published: July 2014

This atom‐efficient and green methodology is also applicable for the synthesis of quinoxaline frameworks.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Thiazoline Derivatives as New Antimicrobial and Anticancer Agents.
Authors: Altintop Mehlika Dilek , Kaplancikli Zafer Asim , Ciftci Guelsen Akalin , Demirel Rasime
Published: July 2014

Among the new thiazoline derivatives synthesized, compound (IIIc) is the most promising antibacterial agent against P.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthesis of Isoxazoline Indolizine Amides for Potential Application to Tropical Diseases.
Authors: Zhang Yong‐Kang , Plattner Jacob J. , Zhou Yasheen , Xu Musheng , Cao Jianxin , Wu Qingquan
Published: July 2014

The strategy to synthesize target compounds (I) and (II) via the key intermediates ethyl 8‐acetylindolizine‐5‐carboxylate and methyl 5‐formylindolizine‐8‐carboxylate, resp., is outlined.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiproliferative Evaluation of 13‐Aryl‐13H‐benzo[g]benzothiazolo[2,3‐b]quinazoline‐5,14‐diones.
Authors: Wu Liqiang , Zhang Chong , Li Weilin
Published: July 2014

Most of the new compounds (IV) (10 examples) show good to potent cytotoxic activities against two human cancer cell lines (HepG2 and HeLa).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Ring‐A Fused Hybrids of Oleanolic Acid with Capabilities to Arrest Cell Cycle and Induce Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells.
Authors: Mallavadhani Uppuluri Venkata , Vanga Nagi Reddy , Jeengar Manish Kumar , Naidu V. G. M.
Published: July 2014

Six novel oleanolic acid hybrids are synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Penibruguieramine A, a Novel Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid from the Endophytic Fungus Penicillium sp. GD6 Associated with Chinese Mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza.
Authors: Zhou Zhen‐Fang , Kurtan Tibor , Yang Xiao‐Hong , Mandi Attila , Geng Mei‐Yu , Ye Bo‐Ping , Taglialatela‐Scafati Orazio , Guo Yue‐Wei
Published: July 2014

The isolation, structure elucidation and biosynthetic pathway of the title compound are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Lithium Hydrazinidoborane: A Polymorphic Material with Potential for Chemical Hydrogen Storage.
Authors: Moury Romain , Demirci Umit B. , Ban Voraksmy , Filinchuk Yaroslav , Ichikawa Takayuki , Zeng Liang , Goshome Kiyotaka , Miele Philippe
Published: July 2014

Polymorphic LiN2H4BH3 (LiHB) hydrogen storage material is prepared mechanochemically from equimolar amounts of N2H4BH3 and LiH (ball milling, 200 rpm, 18 x 10 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances on the Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Cascade Rearrangements of Propargylic Alcohols and Their Derivatives
Authors: Zhu Yuanxun , Sun Lang , Lu Ping , Wang Yanguang
Published: July 2014

Review: 71 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Laser‐Plasma Chemistry: Principles and Applications
Authors: Matulkova Irena , Juha Libor
Published: July 2014

Review: 37 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: 3D‐QSAR as a Tool for Understanding and Improving Single‐Site Polymerization Catalysts. A Review
Authors: Cruz Victor L. , Martinez Sonia , Ramos Javier , Martinez‐Salazar Javier
Published: July 2014

Review: 111 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Polysiloxanes as Supports for Catalysts
Authors: Cypryk Marek , Pospiech Piotr
Published: July 2014

Review: 22 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metals Catalyzed Element‐Cyano Bonds Activations
Authors: Wang Rui , Falck John R.
Published: July 2014

Review: 63 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Homogeneous Catalytic Processes Monitored by Combined in situ ATR‐IR, UV‐Vis, and Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Grabow Kathleen , Bentrup Ursula
Published: July 2014

Review: 57 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Aerobic Oxidations Mediated by N‐Hydroxyphthalimide. A Concise Review
Authors: Melone Lucio , Punta Carlo
Published: July 2014

Review: 73 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Interlocked Host Molecules for Anion Recognition and Sensing
Authors: Caballero Antonio , Zapata Fabiola , Beer Paul D.
Published: July 2014

Review: 157 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis in Carbohydrate‐Based Drug Discovery: Imino Sugars, Alkaloids and Macrolide Antibiotics
Authors: Xavier Nuno M. , Rauter Amelia P.
Published: July 2014

Review: 108 refs.
PEG600‐Carboxylates as Efficient Reusable Reaction Media and Acylating Agents for the Resolution of sec‐Alcohols
Authors: Monteiro Carlos M. , Lourenço Nuno M. T. , Ferreira Frederico C. , Afonso Carlos A. M.
Published: July 2014

Herein is presented a simple, attractive, and reusable methodology for one‐pot resolution/separation of free sec‐alcohols with enantiomeric excess (ee) values over 90 % by the combination of sustainable acylating agents/solvents (polyethylene glycol derivatives) and an easily available and common biocatalyst (Candida antarctica lipase B, or CAL B) under irreversible conditions, along with a separation process by extraction or distillation. A scale‐up reaction was carried out with the Fluoxetine precursor with ee values close to 90 % for the R enantiomer.
Diabetes mellitus is associated with elevated risk of mortality amongst patients with prostate cancer: a meta‐analysis of 11 cohort studies
Authors: Cai Hongzhou , Xu Zicheng , Xu Ting , Yu Bin , Zou Qing
Published: July 2014

Purpose

Diabetes mellitus is associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer. However, previous studies examining the associations between diabetes mellitus and prostate cancer prognosis have produced mixed results. Here, we aim to summarize the effect of diabetes mellitus on prostate cancer prognosis.

Methods

We searched the database of PubMed from inception through 31 March 2014 for articles evaluating the effect of diabetes on outcome in prostate cancer patients, and a meta‐analysis was conducted.

Results

A total of 11 cohort studies were included in this meta‐analysis, of which seven studies were carried out to investigate whether diabetes mellitus is associated with all‐cause mortality amongst those with prostate cancer, seven studies to investigate whether diabetes mellitus is associated with prostate cancer‐specific mortality and two studies to investigate the relationship of diabetes mellitus and nonprostate cancer mortality. The meta‐analysis results suggested that diabetes mellitus could significantly affect the incidence of all‐cause mortality amongst those with prostate cancer (hazard ratio = 1.50, 95% confidence interval = 1.25–1.79). Besides, diabetes mellitus was also associated with prostate cancer‐specific mortality (hazard ratio = 1.26, 95% confidence interval = 1.20–1.33) and nonprostate cancer mortality (hazard ratio = 1.83, 95% confidence interval = 1.33–2.52) separately. There was no obvious publication bias amongst the studies included.

Conclusion

The results of this meta‐analysis reveal an association of diabetes mellitus with adverse prognosis amongst those with prostate cancer. The biological basis of the association of diabetes mellitus with prostate cancer incidence and prognosis remains unclear. Doctors could pay more attention to prostate patients with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus, and more aggressive treatment regimens should be considered. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Serotonergic modulation of pain and analgesic responses: A study in rats with constitutionally altered serotonin transporters
Authors: Kesic M. , Tvrdeic A. , Kolaric D. , Stojkovic R. , Cicin‐Sain L.
Published: July 2014

Background

A role of the serotonin (5HT) transporter, a key regulator of serotonergic transmission, in the physiology, pharmacology and genetics of pain responses has been proposed recently. The present study aimed to explore the impact of constitutive differences in the activity of the serotonin transporter, and 5HT homeostasis in general, on the modulation on pain sensitivity and analgesic responses to drugs that utilize 5HT mechanisms.

Methods

A novel genetic animal model, Wistar‐Zagreb 5HT rats, obtained by selective breeding of animals for extreme activity of the platelet serotonin transporter was used. As a consequence of breeding, two sublines of this model, termed high‐5HT and low‐5HT, differ in both central and peripheral serotonin homeostasis. Thermal pain sensitivity of 5HT sublines was assessed at baseline and following administration of analgesic drugs, as determined by paw withdrawal latency to radiant heat stimulation.

Results

Animals from 5HT sublines show differences in both basal pain sensitivity and analgesic responses. Rats with the low‐5HT phenotype displayed decreased baseline paw withdrawal latencies (hyperalgesia) in comparison to their high‐5HT counterpart (25%; p < 0.001). They also showed better analgesic response to acute and prolonged treatment with tramadol (p = 0.027) and clomipramine (p = 0.019), respectively, whereas administration of fluvoxamine did not produce an analgesic effect in either 5HT subline.

Conclusions

These findings support the idea that functionality of the serotonin transporter is one of the physiological/genetic determinants of individual differences in pain responses and modulation. They also validate Wistar‐Zagreb 5HT rats, with constitutionally up‐regulated/down‐regulated serotonin transporter, as a potential new genetic model for studying serotonergic modulation of pain responses.
Precise characterization method of antibody‐conjugated magnetic nanoparticles for pathogen detection using stuffer‐free multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification
Authors: Chung Boram , Shin Gi Won , Choi Woong , Joo Jinmyoung , Jeon Sangmin , Jung Gyoo Yeol
Published: July 2014

Antibody‐conjugated magnetic nanoparticles (Ab‐MNPs) have potential in pathogen detection because they allow target cells to be easily separated from complex sample matrices. However, the sensitivity and specificity of pathogen capture by Ab‐MNPs generally vary according to the types of MNPs, antibodies, and sample matrices, as well as preparation methods, including immobilization. Therefore, achieving a reproducible analysis utilizing Ab‐MNPs as a pathogen detection method requires accurate characterization of Ab‐MNP capture ability and standardization of all handling processes. In this study, we used high‐resolution CE‐single strand conformational polymorphism coupled with a stuffer‐free multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification system to characterize Ab‐MNPs. The capture ability of Ab‐MNPs targeting Salmonella enteritidis and nine pathogens, including S. enteritidis, was analyzed in phosphate buffer and milk. The effect of storage conditions on the stability of Ab‐MNPs was also assessed. The results showed that the stuffer‐free multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification system has the potential to serve as a standard characterization method for Ab‐MNPs. Moreover, the precise characterization of Ab‐MNPs facilitated robust pathogen detection in various applications.
It is better to smile to women: Gender modifies perception of honesty of smiling individuals across cultures
Authors: Krys Kuba , Hansen Karolina , Xing Cai , Espinosa Alejandra Domínguez , Szarota Piotr , Morales María Fernanda
Published: July 2014

Social perception studies have revealed that smiling individuals are perceived more favourably on many communion dimensions in comparison to nonsmiling individuals. Research on gender differences in smiling habits showed that women smile more than men. In our study, we investigated this phenomena further and hypothesised that women perceive smiling individuals as more honest than men. An experiment conducted in seven countries (China, Germany, Mexico, Norway, Poland, Republic of South Africa and USA) revealed that gender may influence the perception of honesty in smiling individuals. We compared ratings of honesty made by male and female participants who viewed photos of smiling and nonsmiling people. While men and women did not differ on ratings of honesty in nonsmiling individuals, women assessed smiling individuals as more honest than men did. We discuss these results from a social norms perspective.
Analysis of phytosterols and phytostanols in enriched dairy products by Fast gas chromatography with mass spectrometry
Authors: Inchingolo Raffaella , Cardenia Vladimiro , Rodriguez‐Estrada Maria Teresa
Published: July 2014

A Fast gas chromatography and mass spectrometry method for plant sterols/stanols analysis was developed, using a short capillary gas chromatography column (10 m × 0.1 mm internal diameter × 0.1 μm film thickness) coated with 5% diphenyl‐polysiloxane. A silylated mixture of the main plant sterols/stanols standards (β‐sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, campestanol, sitostanol) was well separated in 1.5 min, with a good peak resolution (>1.4, determined on a critical chromatographic peak pair (β‐sitosterol and sitostanol)), repeatability (<13%), and sensitivity (<0.017 ng/mL). The suitability of this Fast chromatography method was tested on plant sterols/stanols‐enriched dairy products (yogurt and milk), which were subjected to lipid extraction, cold saponification, and silylation prior to injection. The analytical performance (sensitivity < 0.256 ng/mL and repeatability < 10.36%) and significant reduction of the analysis time and consumables demonstrate that Fast gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry method could be also employed for the plant sterols/stanols analysis in functional dairy products.
A Parental Tool to Screen for Posttraumatic Stress in Children: First Psychometric Results
Authors: Verlinden Eva , van Laar Yvette L. , van Meijel Els P. M. , Opmeer Brent C. , Beer Renée , de Roos Carlijn , Bicanic Iva A. E. , Lamers‐Winkelman Francien , Olff Miranda , Boer Frits , Lindauer Ramón J. L.
Published: July 2014

The Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES‐13) is a brief self‐report measure designed to screen children for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study investigates the psychometric properties of a Dutch version of the CRIES‐13–parent version and evaluates its correlation with the child version. A sample of 59 trauma‐exposed children (8 years–18 years) and their parents completed an assessment including the CRIES‐13 (child/parent version) along with the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM‐IV: Parent version. Results demonstrated good internal consistency (α = .87) with acceptable values for the 3 subscales. A strong correlation (r = .73) with another measure of PTSD and lower correlations with a behavioral measure (r = .15 to .38) were found, confirming the convergent/divergent validity. A cutoff score ≥ 31 emerged as the best balance between sensitivity and specificity, and correctly classified 83.6% of all children as having a diagnosis of PTSD. This study provides support for the reliability and validity of the CRIES‐13–parent version as a screening measure for posttraumatic stress in children.
Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Chain‐Growth Polymerization of 1,4‐Diethynylbenzene into Microporous Crosslinked Poly(phenylacetylene)s: the Effect of Reaction Conditions
Authors: Slováková Eva , Zukal Arnošt , Brus Jiří , Balcar Hynek , Brabec Libor , Bondarev Dmitrij , Sedláček Jan
Published: July 2014

Chain‐growth polymerization of 1,4‐diethynylbenzene into conjugated crosslinked polyacetylene‐type poly(1,4‐diethynylbenzene)s (PDEBs) is reported. While metathesis catalysts (WCl6/Ph4Sn, MoCl5/Ph4Sn, Mo Schrock carbene) fail in this polymerization, insertion Rh catalysts ([Rh(nbd)acac], [Rh(nbd)Cl]2) provide microporous PDEBs in high yields. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface, SBET, of PDEBs prepared with [Rh(nbd)acac] increases, in dependence on the polymerization solvent, in the order: THF << pentane < benzene < methanol < CH2Cl2. SBET further increases with both increasing monomer concentration and increasing polymerization temperature and reaction time, reaching a highest value of 1469 m2 g−1. In addition to micropores, PDEBs contain mesopores. The mesopore volume and average mesopore diameter increase with the time and the temperature of the polymerization up to 2.52 cm3 g−1 and 22 nm (72 h, 75 °C). The post‐polymerization thermal treatment of PDEB (280 °C) results in formation of new crosslinks and modification of PDEB texture and sorption behavior manifested mainly by enhancement of H2 adsorption capacity up to 4.55 mmol g−1 (77 K, 750 Torr).

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3‐D spatio–temporal structures of biofilms in a water channel
Authors: Chen Chen , Hou Shuyu , Ren Dacheng , Ren Mingming , Wang Qi
Published: July 2014

We develop a numerical predictive tool for multiphase fluid mixtures consisting of biofilms grown in a viscous fluid matrix by implementing a second‐order finite difference discretization of the multiphase biofilm model developed recently on a general purpose graphic processing unit. With this numerical tool, we study a 3‐D biomass–flow interaction resulting in biomass growth, structure formation, deformation, and detachment phenomena in biofilms grown in a water channel in quiescent state and subject to a shear flow condition, respectively. The numerical investigation is limited in the viscous regime of the biofilm–solvent mixture. In quiescent flows, the model predicts growth patterns consistent with experimental findings for single or multiple adjacent biofilm colonies, the so‐called mushroom shape growth pattern. The simulated biomass growth both in density and thickness matches very well with the experimentally grown biofilm in a water channel. When shear is imposed at a boundary, our numerical studies reproduce wavy patterns, pinching, and streaming phenomena observed in biofilms grown in a water channel. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ion channel TRPM8 promotes hypoxic growth of prostate cancer cells via an O2‐independent and RACK1‐mediated mechanism of HIF‐1α stabilization
Authors: Yu Shan , Xu Zhenyu , Zou Chang , Wu Dinglan , Wang Yuliang , Yao Xiaoqiang , Ng Chi‐Fai , Chan Franky L
Published: July 2014

The growth adaptation of cancer cells to a hypoxic tumour microenvironment is mostly regulated by hypoxia‐induced transcription factor HIF‐1. HIF‐1 transcriptional activity is strictly controlled by protein levels of the HIF‐1α subunit, which is tightly regulated by a well‐characterized O2‐dependent ubiquitin ligase–proteasomal degradation pathway. The cold‐sensitive Ca2+ channel protein TRPM8 exhibits increased expression in advanced prostate cancer. However, its exact functional roles in prostate cancer growth regulation are unclear and controversial. In this work, we show that TRPM8 promotes in vitro hypoxic growth capacities, drug resistance, and in vivo tumourigenicity, accompanied with enhanced HIF‐1α protein levels. These effects are further potentiated by TRPM8 agonists but suppressed by TRPM8 gene knockdown and blocking with antagonists or TRPM8 antibody. TRPM8‐induced suppression of HIF‐1α ubiquitination and enhanced HIF‐1 transactivation were attenuated by forced RACK1 expression and TRPM8 overexpression reduced phospho‐RACK1 levels, thus affecting its dimerization status, and promoted RACK1 binding to HIF‐1α and calcineurin. These data indicate that TRPM8‐induced increase of HIF‐1α protein in hypoxia‐ or normoxia‐exposed prostate cancer cells was mediated through a newly characterized Ca2+‐dependent but O2‐independent mechanism involving binding of RACK1 to HIF‐1α and RACK1‐mediated ubiquitination of HIF‐1α. Collectively, our study not only provides a mechanistic insight into how TRPM8 promotes the hypoxic growth adaptation of cancer cells via its promotion of RACK1‐mediated stabilization of HIF‐1α but also suggests a potential therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer by targeting TRPM8.Copyright © 2014 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.