bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Work-related stress, reason for consultation and diagnosis-specific sick leave: How do they add up?
Authors: Hultén Anna-Maria , Holmgren Kristina , Bjerkeli Pernilla
Published: July 2023

Work-related stress is common in Western society and disorders associated with stress are often managed in primary health care. This study was set to increase the understanding of the relationship between reason for consultation, work-related stress and diagnosis-specific sick leave for primary health care patients. The longitudinal observational study included 232 employed non-sick listed patients at seven primary health care centres in Sweden. Of these patients, 102 reported high work-related stress, as measured with the Work Stress Questionnaire, and 84 were on registered sick leave within one year after inclusion. The study showed that, compared to those who did not report high work-related stress, highly stressed patients more often sought care for mental symptoms (60/102 versus 24/130), sleep disturbance (37/102 versus 22/130) and fatigue (41/102 versus 34/130). The risk for sick leave with a mental diagnosis within a year after base-line was higher among patients reporting high work-related stress than among those who did not (RR 2.97, 95% CI 1.59;5.55). No such association was however found for the risk of sick leave with a musculoskeletal diagnosis (RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.22;1.37). Seeking care for mental symptoms, sleep disturbance and fatigue were associated with having a future mental sick leave diagnosis (p-values < 0.001), while seeking care for musculoskeletal symptoms was associated with having a future musculoskeletal sick leave diagnosis (p-value 0.009). In summary, compared to those who did not report high work-related stress, patients with high work-related stress more often sought care for mental symptoms, sleep disturbance and fatigue which lead to a mental sick leave diagnosis. Reporting high work-related stress was, however, not linked to having sought care for musculoskeletal symptoms nor future sick leave due to a musculoskeletal diagnosis. Hence, both patients and general practitioners seem to characterize work-related stress as a mental complaint.
Rosmarinic acid ameliorates HCl-induced cystitis in rats
Authors: Kitamura Naoya , Yamamoto Yasunori , Yamamoto Naoki , Murase Takatoshi
Published: July 2023

Shiso (Perilla frutescens var crispa f.purprea) is a traditional medicinal herb that exerts anti-inflammatory effects and alleviates lower urinary tract symptoms. In this study, we examined the effects of rosmarinic acid, a major polyphenol in shiso, on urinary function and the bladder in a rat hydrochloric acid-induced cystitis model. Sprague–Dawley rats were administered intravesically with hydrochloric acid or saline solution (control) to induce cystitis. Afterwards, the rats were administered orally with distilled water or rosmarinic acid for three days and then the intravesical pressure was measured, a stretch stimulation test was performed using the harvested bladder, and histological and biochemical analyses were performed. In addition, we investigated the effects of rosmarinic acid on the expression of inflammation-related molecules in normal human bladder epithelial cells. Rosmarinic acid ameliorated hydrochloric acid-induced shortening of micturition interval by 49%. In hydrochloric acid-treated bladders, significantly more prostaglandin E2was released after stretching; however, rosmarinic acid suppressed its release to control levels. Rosmarinic acid also reduced hydrochloric acid-induced epithelial thickening and the levels of inflammatory molecules in the bladder. Furthermore, rosmarinic acid suppressed interleukin 1β-induced increases inCox2andIl6expression in bladder epithelial cells. These findings indicate that rosmarinic acid can ameliorate hydrochloric acid-induced cystitis in rats and that these effects are due, at least in part, to its anti-inflammatory effects on the bladder and inhibition of stretch-induced prostaglandin E2release.
Membrane-dependent actin polymerization mediated by the Legionella pneumophila effector protein MavH
Authors: Zhang Qing , Wan Min , Kudryashova Elena , Kudryashov Dmitri S. , Mao Yuxin
Published: July 2023

L. pneumophila propagates in eukaryotic cells within a specialized niche, the Legionella-containing vacuole (LCV). The infection process is controlled by over 330 effector proteins delivered through the type IV secretion system. In this study, we report that the Legionella MavH effector localizes to endosomes and remodels host actin cytoskeleton in a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI(3)P) dependent manner when ectopically expressed. We show that MavH recruits host actin capping protein (CP) and actin to the endosome via its CP-interacting (CPI) motif and WH2-like actin-binding domain, respectively. In vitro assays revealed that MavH stimulates actin assembly on PI(3)P-containing liposomes causing their tubulation. In addition, the recruitment of CP by MavH negatively regulates F-actin density at the membrane. We further show that, in L. pneumophila-infected cells, MavH appears around the LCV at the very early stage of infection and facilitates bacterium entry into the host. Together, our results reveal a novel mechanism of membrane tubulation induced by membrane-dependent actin polymerization catalyzed by MavH that contributes to the early stage of L. pneumophila infection by regulating host actin dynamics.
Narrative research on the stories about mystery and the spiritual beings of medicinal herbs in ancient China
Authors: Xiao Su
Published: July 2023

Objectives

This paper takes the folk stories of ancient Chinese medicinal herbs as the research object, aiming at depicting the understanding of the relationship between human beings and nature, spiritual beings and immortals in the conceptual world of Chinese people.

Methods

Morphological research method is adopted to focus on the text of folk stories and relevant cultural significance.

Results

Since the Tang Dynasty, the records about medicinal herbs becoming spiritual beings and people becoming immortals after consuming them have been widely spread. Among them, three types of stories are the most representative: one is ginseng transforming into an old man or a boy, the other one is tuckahoe transforming into a child, and the last one is the Chinese wolfberry transforming into a dog.

Conclusions

The story of “consuming spiritual beings and becoming immortals” not only reveals the narrative rules of the orderly upgrading from low to high among plants, spiritual beings, human beings, and immortals but also reflects our ancestors' ultimate pursuit of longevity and becoming immortals. Relevant research on this topic could be beneficial to the presentation of the knowledge-generating process of the Chinese ancient folk culture and promote the theoretical construction of Chinese stories.
Computational modelling of the graft-tunnel interaction in single-bundle ACL reconstructed knee
Authors: Zhu Junjun , Zhu Weimin , Zhao Qijie
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Tunnel enlargement and graft failure are common complications associated with ACL reconstruction. The mechanical interaction between the graft and the tunnel aperture may play a more important role. This study aims to evaluate graft position within femoral tunnel and the graft force under external loads.

Methods

An FE model of the femur-graft-tibia complex was constructed from CT images of an anatomically reconstructed knee specimen. The model was subjected to kinematics of passive flexion extension, anterior/posterior translation, internal/external rotation and valgus kinematics, which were collected from experimental testing. Graft shift and rotation of graft-tunnel contact region during flexion/extension and external loadings were recorded and compared to experimental measurements.

Results

Model showed that the graft shifted in the femoral tunnel during flexion and under external loads. The graft-tunnel contact area rotated by up to 55° during flexion from full extension to 90° of extension implying that the so-called “wiper effect” occurs during most of flexion angles.

Conclusions

Different regions of the femoral tunnel aperture, particularly the anterior region, were under significantly more contact force from the graft than other areas of the aperture during the anterior translation test, potentially leading to femoral tunnel enlargement to the anterior side of the aperture.
Uncertainty in measurement and the renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate
Authors: Farrance Ian , Frenkel Robert , Choy Kay Weng
Published: July 2023

Objectives

The ratio of tubular maximum reabsorption of phosphate to glomerular filtration rate (TmP/GFR) is used to evaluate renal phosphate transport. TmP/GFR is most probably calculated using the formula described by Kenny and Glen or obtained from the nomogram described by Walton and Bijvoet. Even though the calculation itself is well described, no attention has been given to its measurement uncertainty (MU). The aim of this study is to provide a procedure for evaluating the MU of the Kenny and Glen formula; a procedure which is based on the Evaluation of measurement data – Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM).

Methods

TmP/GFR is a quantity value calculated from the input of measured values for serum (plasma) phosphate and creatinine, plus measured values of urine phosphate and creatinine. Given the measurement uncertainty associated with these input quantities, the GUM describes the mathematical procedures required to determine the uncertainty of the calculated TmP/GFR. From a medical laboratory perspective, these input uncertainties are the standard deviations of the respective internal quality control estimates for serum and urine phosphate, plus serum and urine creatinine.

Results

Based on representative measurements for the input quantities and their associated standard uncertainties, the expanded relative uncertainty for a calculated TmP/GFR is approximately 3.0–4.5 %.

Conclusions

With the continued relevance of the TmP/GFR procedure and the use of creatinine clearance as an estimate of GFR, the addition of an uncertainty estimate is important as an adjunct to this diagnostic procedure.
A new control method for the steadiness of electric vehicles with 2-motor in rear and front wheels
Authors: Mousaei Arash , Peng Huei
Published: July 2023

In this article, a new control method is proposed for the stability of Electrical Vehicles (EVs) with 2-motor wheels. This control method provides an optimized limit for the torque levels that produced by the front and rear motors, proportional to the road surface condition, to prevent the vehicle from slipping. In addition, a fuzzy logic-based braking system is proposed to improve vehicle performance during deceleration. The vehicle is described by the model with three degrees of freedom, which provide good accuracy. The tires are modeled according to the magic formula. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, simulations were performed in the ©MATLAB. The conclusions show that the proposed control method can well maintain the steadiness of the EV on dry and slippery roads when driving straight, accelerating or decelerating, and turning. This will prevent the vehicle from slipping and locking the wheels.
Analyses of the effects of fiber diameter, fiber fibrillation, and fines content on the pore structure and capillary flow using laboratory sheets of regenerated fibers
Authors: Helbrecht Christiane , Langhans Markus , Meckel Tobias , Biesalski Markus , Schabel Samuel
Published: July 2023

The aim of this work is to investigate the influence of fiber fibrillation and fines on the pore structure of well-defined regenerated fiber sheets as well as the water flow through the sheet. For this purpose, sheets were produced with refined, fibrillated fibers only, with unfibrillated fibers and fines, as well as with fibrillated fibers and fines. Next, the samples were analyzed by brightfield and fluorescence microscopy, mercury porosimetry, and an ascending test. Both the fibrils and the added fines reach into the pores between the fibers or are deposited there. As a result, pore size decreases and capillary flow slows down. The two effects overlap when the fiber surface is fibrillated and fines are present. Sheets with thicker fibers form a pore structure with larger pores in between the fibers. However, such a change in pore size has no significant influence on the flow of water through the sheet in the performed ascending tests. It is shown that a statistical model with the parameters fibrillation and fines content can be used to describe the ascending rate nearly as well as the Lucas–Washburn equation. Consequently, the equation could be improved by the addition of further fiber and sheet properties.
From the Archival Bond to the Informational Bond
Authors: Pacheco André , Silva Carlos Guardado da
Published: July 2023

The archival bond is the embodiment of the relationships shared amongst records generated in the course of the same activity, by the same creator. It has been one of the key governing principles of the archival profession since its inception. At the heart of this concept is the notion that records only acquire meaning and identity in the context of the aggregation they originally belong to. This interpretation has been guided by an analog worldview of archives in which creators, activities, and fonds are easily delimited constructs. With the digitalization of recordkeeping, these boundaries are meshed in favor of more fluid processes that prioritize the flow and recombination of information across several systems and classification schemes. This article attempts to revisit the concept of archival bond under the light of the current information paradigm with the goals of examining its fundamental notions, discussing its application and limitations. The methodology is qualitative and relies on documentary research. A literature review on the archival bond is conducted through the consultation of Web of Science and Scopus databases. As an expansion of the archival bond, a novel concept of informational bond is suggested as an attempt to more accurately capture the context of digital information and to reinforce the trustworthiness of archival representations.
Political evaluation of tourism impacts on residents and their domain – Conceptual considerations and a call for an imperative and freedom-based perspective
Authors: Vogler Ralf
Published: July 2023

Tourism policy traditionally focuses on the nexus of tourist-resident interaction and has the duty to balance the often-conflicting interests. In policy practice and academia alike, the evaluation of the nexus seems to be dominated by utilitarian ideas and concepts focusing on the objective outcome. This perspective is closely linked to a Hegelian-induced philosophy of an objective mind. In contrast to that, the paper advocates for an imperative-based perspective, as proposed by Kant, to ensure a more humanistic approach. To facilitate that approach, it derives the ideas from the legal science technique of practical concordance to balance the freedoms and interests of all parties involved without proclaiming superior knowledge.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL SEBAGAI MEDIUM DAKWAH ISLAM DALAM KALANGAN PENDUDUK KAMPUNG BESERAH, KUANTAN, PAHANG
Authors: Mohd Mokhtarishah Bin Mohamed Mokhtar  , Hasmadi bin Hassan
Published: July 2023

This writing aims to identify the use of social media for preaching purposes. This study is proposed after seeing the rapidity of the use of social media as a da'wah medium and the spread of free da'wah without control through social media which is feared to invite confusion, deception, the spread of heresy and extremism. The community is worried about the validity of the content of the preaching message and is not yet satisfied with its quality. Therefore, this study has the opportunity to see the extent of the use of social media as a da'wah medium and the implications of the da'wah message obtained from social media. A study sample of 100 respondents consisting of residents of Kampung Beserah, Kuantan. A set of questionnaires containing 46 items was constructed by the researcher based on the research sources and was distributed to the respondents. While the data obtained was analyzed using the software "Statistical Packages For Social Sciences" (SPSS) version 23.0. Data analysis is done by using descriptive statistics ie percentage, mean and stan dard deviation to answer the research questions. While inferential statistics namely one-way Anova, t-test and correlation are used to test the research hypotheses. The results of this study are expected to contribute to identifying the use of social media as a da'wah medium and to further improve the content and quality of da'wah messages to be adapted in daily life.
 
Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti penggunaan media sosial untuk tujuan berdakwah. Kajian ini dicadangkan setelah melihat kerancakan penggunaan media sosial sebagai medium dakwah dan penularan dakwah bebas tanpa terkawal melalui media sosial yang dikhuatiri boleh mengundang kekeliruan, terpedaya, penyebaran ajaran sesat dan fahaman ekstremisme. Masyarakat bimbang dengan kesahihan kandungan mesej dakwah dan belum berpuashati dengan kualitinya. Oleh itu, kajian ini berpeluang melihat sejauh mana tahap penggunaan media sosial sebagai medium dakwah dan implikasi mesej dakwah yang diperolehi daripada media sosial. Sampel kajian seramai 100 responden yang terdiri daripada penduduk Kampung Beserah, Kuantan. Satu set soal selidik yang mengandungi 46 item dibina oleh penyelidik berdasarkan sumber-sumber kajian dan telah diedarkan kepada responden. Manakala data yang diperolehi telah dianalisis menggunakan perisian “Statistical Packages For Social Sciences” (SPSS) versi 23.0. Penganalisaan data dibuat dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif iaitu peratusan, min dan sisihan lazim bagi menjawab persoalan kajian. Sementara statistik inferensi iaitu Anova sehala, ujian-t dan kolerasi digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis-hipotesis kajian. Hasil dapatan kajian ini diharapkan dapat menyumbang kepada mengenalpasti penggunaan media sosial sebagai medium dakwah dan mempertingkatkan lagi kandungan dan kualiti mesej dakwah untuk diadaptasi dalam kehidupan seharian.
Comparison between analytical pyrolysis and nitrobenzene oxidation for determination of syringyl/guaiacyl ratio in Eucalyptus spp. lignin
Authors: Lima Cláudio F. , Barbosa Luiz C. A. , Marcelo Cristiana R. , Silvério Flaviano O. , Colodette Jorge L.
Published: July 2023

Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied to measure the lignin syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio in E. dunni, E. grandis, E. nitens, E. urograndis, and E. urophylla woods. A total of 41 compounds were identified, of which 11 were derived from carbohydrates and 30 from lignins. The S/G ratio was calculated on the basis of the areas of peaks recorded in the pyrograms and compared with the results obtained by alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation. The values of S/G found by pyrolysis were similar for all the species using the compounds guaiacol, 4-methylguaiacol, 4-vinylguaiacol, vanillin, 4-ethylsyringol, 4-vinylsyringol, homosyringaldehyde, acetosyringone, and syringylacetone, as lignin markers. The selected markers were efficient for the deter-mination of S/G ratio in eucalyptus wood by Py-GC-MS. The Py-GC-MS technique produced results that are comparable to the nitrobenzene oxidation method, with the advantage of requiring small wood samples and a short analysis time.
Specific interaction acting at a cellulose-binding domain/cellulose interface for papermaking application
Authors: Yokota Shingo , Matsuo Kumiko , Kitaoka Takuya , Wariishi Hiroyuki
Published: July 2023

Specific and strong cellulose-binding characteristics were utilized for promoting retention of additives in contaminated papermaking systems. Cellulose-binding domain (CBD) of cellulase derived from Trichoderma viride was separated by digestion with papain, and then introduced into anionic polyacrylamide (A-PAM) through a condensation reaction using water-soluble carbodiimide. The CBD-modified A-PAM (CBD-A-PAM) showed good retention on pulp fibers, resulting in high tensile strength paper sheets. The effect remained almost unchanged in the presence of model interfering substances such as ligninsulfonate and Ca2+ ions, whereas commercial cationic paper-strengthening polymer became ineffective. The cellulose-binding force of CBD was quantitatively determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM) in the liquid state. Histidine-tagged CBD protein was obtained using Escherichia coli via an expression of CBD derived from Cellulomonas fimi, and immobilized on a gold-coated AFM probe. A strong attractive force was detected only at a CBD/cellulose interface, even when Ca2+ ions were present in high concentration. Direct estimation of CBD affinity for cellulose substrate by AFM would provide significant information on the interfacial interactions useful for the functional design of papermaking additives.
On the relationship between expansión angle of earth-directed CMES and soft X-ray emission from their related flare
Authors: Salas-Matamoros Carolina , Sánchez Guevara Jesús
Published: July 2023

In space weather, to study the impact of Earth-directed coronal mass ejections (CME) in our terrestrial environment, one of the most important parameters is the propagation speed of these disturbances. We present an improvement of the 3D CME Geometrical Propagation-Expansion Description (3D-CGPED) model developed in previous work to increase the simple that we can use in CME arrival time predictions. This 3D model estimates the arrival time of Earth-directed CMEs at Earth by including a 3D geometry for the CME propagation and expansion in interplanetary space. Since the 3D-CGPED model computes the expansion of the CME based on the radial distance of the CME front, only travel times for CMEs with welldefined shapes seen by coronographs can be estimated. In the present work, we found an empirical relationship between the expansion angle of CMEs with well-defined shapes and the start-to-peak SXR fluence of their associated flares. We applied this relationship in the 3D-CGPED model to obtain the expansion angle for 8 CMEs with an irregular shape. We found similar window errors in arrival time predictions compared to the previous work. This result allows us to complement the 3D-CGPED model to include not only regular shapes but also irregular ones for CMEs observed by coronographs in future works.
Detection and treatment of skin infection with Staphylococcus aureus in children with atopic dermatitis
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Mozyrska O.V.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic relapsing inflammatory multifactorial skin disease. Staphylococcus aureus skin colonization increases during disease outbreaks and correlates with the severity of skin symptoms. Purpose - to evaluate the effectiveness of thyrothricin gel as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of atopic dermatitis and the influence of polymorphisms of pattern recognition receptors on the achieving a therapeutic effect. Materials and methods. This study included patients with atopic dermatitis (n=37) aged 2-18 years from the Allergy Department of the Kyiv City Children’s Clinical Hospital No. 2. Patients were devided into two groups: a group that received thyrothricin gel on the affected skin areas 2 times a day for 7 days (the Group A) and a control group (the Group B) that received only basic symptomatic therapy. SCORAD (SCORing AD) and CDLQI (Children’s Quality of Life Index in Dermatology) scores were recorded before and after treatment, side effects were recorded during the study. Skin swabs were taken in the Group A before and after treatment. Genotyping of polymorphisms rs4696480 in the TLR2 gene, rs7309123 in the Dectin-1 gene were performed using polymerase chain reaction. Results. In both groups of children, improvement was observed in 7 days after treatment (p<0.001). In the Group A, the improvement in ΔSCORAD was 16.6±5.9 points, in the Group B - 8.1±4.5 points. The difference in ΔSCORAD scores between the Groups A and B was statistically significant (W=225.0, p<0.001). The decrease in CDLQI score after treatment was 3.8±1.8 points in the Group A and 2.3±1.25 points in the Group B. A significant decrease in CDLQI score was demonstrated in the intervention group than in the control group after treatment (W=275.5, p=0.004). After treatment, a bacteriological examination of the skin demonstrated the eradication of Staphylococcus aureus: in the Group A, 94.4% of patients were Staphylococcus aureus-negative. Polymorphisms rs4696480 in the TLR2 gene and rs7309123 in the Dectin-1 gene did not affect the speed of achieving the therapeutic effect. Conclusions. The addition of thyrothricin to standard therapy for atopic dermatitis in children with Staphylococcus aureus infection of affected skin may provide significant clinical benefit in SCORAD and CDLQI scores. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patients was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.
Assessment of acoustic signal characteristics in children with community-acquired pneumonia according to the prevalence and nature of lung tissue damage using the new device «Trembita-Corona»
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Marushko Yu.V. , Khomych O.V. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2023

Relevance. According to the new orders and guidelines of 2022, radiography is not performed for all children. Therefore, the creation of a fully automated system of control and assessment of breathing sounds, without exposing patients to radiation, is currently an urgent task. Purpose - to determine the features of the acoustic signal in segmental and focal pneumonia in children with a new acoustic diagnostic device “Trembita-Corona”. Materials and methods. 76 children aged from 1 month to 18 years were examined. The children were divided into two groups: the Group 1 - 47 patients with segmental pneumonia; the Group 2 - 29 patients with focal pneumonia. All children were also examined using the “Trembita-Corona” acoustic monitoring device. Results. The acoustic signal was investigated in 12 octaves. The first 9 octaves were the most promising. Each octave was divided into third octaves. We found reliable differences in the average signal power in 0, 1, 4, 6, 7, 15, 20, 23-26 third octaves. When studying the average signal power between children with segmental and focal pneumonia, the main differences were found precisely in the frequency of peaks in 0-3,10,11,14-16, 18,20,22 third octaves. Conclusions. The use of the acoustic monitoring device “Trembita-Corona” in making a diagnosis is very promising method. The average signal power between children with segmental and focal pneumonia, the main differences were found precisely in the frequency of peaks in 0, 1, 2, 3, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 22 third octaves. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all participating institutions. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
To Be or Not to Be Scientific Is Not the Question
Authors: Orye Lieve
Published: July 2023

In The Archive we republish an article that, in hindsight, may have been ahead of its time with its prescience. Our second pull for this issue is a 2005 piece from Lieve Orye where he discusses the intricacies of categorizing religious studies as an art or a science. He endeavors to find out if the field should be studied with a scientific approach. Orye posits that maybe this is not even a question we should be asking. This piece was originally published in Council for the Societies for the Study of Religion Bulletin 34.1–2, 14–18.
Jewish Women and Sacred Text(ure)s
Authors: Schleicher Marianne
Published: July 2023

This article argues that the concept of “sacred texture” is a necessary supplement to standard understandings of sacred texts in Jewish religion to capture lay people’s, especially women’s, material-embodied acts as aspects of sacred text use. Such acts may include spoken or performed fragments or sequences from a sacred text that activate associations to it and thereby make the acts intelligible as representations of the sacred text, be it up close or at a distance. The article draws upon, but also expands perspectives on sacred texts as material objects (Malley, Watts, and Schleicher) by including theories by Halliday and Hasan, and Ricoeur on texture, by Deleuze and Guattari on processes of becoming, and by Butler on identity as something emerging from engagements in a culture’s iterative acts. The theoretical underpinnings beg the question of who has access when and where to which particular iterative acts that involve sacred texts and textures? The analysis begins with the Hebrew Bible to find out when texts were conceived as sacred in the first place and when and in what way access to them became regulated. The analysis continues into early Jewish sources, rabbinic literature, and Ashkenazic Jewish sources from the Middle Ages to reflect on Jewish women’s involvement with sacred texts and textures in ways that broaden our knowledge of how they made their religious identity intelligible.
Trends in Overcoming the Crisis of the People’s Party of Spain (2018–2022) in the Context of Electoral Processes
Authors:   Kuban State University, Baranov Andrey
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The crisis of the People’s Party of Spain, the most influential political force in the country, is one of the manifestations of the transformation of the party system. The scientific topic is important in predicting the development of the party system, public opinion, and voting in Spain. Methods and materials. The purpose of the article is to find out the trends in overcoming the crisis in the Spanish People’s Party (2018–2022) in the context of changes in the party system and electoral processes. The study is carried out on the basis of rational choice theory. The author conducted a secondary analysis of the results of sociological surveys and compiled diachronous voting tables. Analysis and results. The transformation of the two-party system of Spain into a multiparty system of moderate pluralism for 2015–2022 is revealed. The differences in the social base, programs, and positioning of the parties on the right spectrum are determined: the People’s Party, “Vox”, and “Citizens”. As a result of the analysis of sources, the causes and manifestations of the crisis of the People’s Party are revealed, and its stages are established. In addition, the forecast of trends in the development of the influence of the People’s Party in the upcoming national and regional elections is argued. Conclusion. Among Spain’s right-wing parties, the People’s Party occupies a center-right stance, compared to the centrist “Citizens” and the radical right-wing “Vox”. The reasons for the crisis of the People’s Party are its long-term ties with big business, participation in corruption scandals, weak influence on potential groups of the electoral base, the low popularity of a number of leaders (M. Rajoy and P. Casado), and factionalism. However, the pandemic contributed to the decline in the rating of the center-left government, which allowed the People’s Party to increase its influence in elections since 2021. Negotiations are possible on the creation of a pragmatic coalition of the two main political forces: the People’s Party and the Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party. Such a coalition could be based on a shift in the socialists policy to the right. In the second, more likely option, the People’s Party will have to bloc with other right-wing parties; the right-wing radical “Vox” party will add the largest number of mandates to create a government. Consequently, the victory of the right forces will lead to the continuation of the tradition of creating pragmatic, forced coalitions of parties ideologically alien to each other.
Contemporary Hungary’s Foreign Policy Evolution
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Tarasov Ilya
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The foreign policy of modern Hungary has passed through several stages of development since the fall of socialism. The purpose of this article is to clarify the qualitative characteristics of the points of evolution that have determined the content of Hungarian foreign policy. Today, it is not enough to define the image of Hungarian foreign policy solely in terms of pan-European or North Atlantic solidarity. A more careful and thoughtful study of the dynamics of the foreign policy doctrine of Budapest is required. Methods and Materials. Our main task is to clarify the periodization of the process of Hungary’s foreign policy development. The proposed periodization is carried out in a complex manner, based on several reasons and correlating their influence on each of the allocated time periods. The information array was composed of news for April 2010 – August 2022, based on a digest of news from Hungarian news agencies. Analysis. The author identifies five main periods in the development of Hungary’s foreign policy: the transitional period; the imperative period; the period of Euro-Atlantic romanticism; the period of seeking regional balance; and the period of Euroscepticism and Easternization. Each of these periods is characterized by an assessment of the conceptual content of international politics, the continuity of the foreign policy course, and the change in emphasis of the current policy. Results. Obviously, the current period of development is nearing its end, and in the medium term, Hungarian foreign policy itself will take the form of several relatively balanced concentric circles in the process of forming a polycentric world. At the same time, the European and American orientations will continue to be of paramount importance for Hungary. The growing inertia of the decline in the intensity of Russian-Hungarian relations seems to be the main characteristic of the interaction between the two countries.
Russian Digital Diplomacy Towards China in the Context of the Russian Special Military Operation in Ukraine: The Instance of the Official Weibo Account of the Embassy of the Russian Federation in China
Authors:   Dalian University of Foreign Languages, Simeng Yin
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Digital diplomacy based on cutting-edge information and communication technologies is playing an increasingly major role and is gradually becoming an important tool in boosting traditional public diplomacy by providing information and public opinion support for the implementation of the country’s foreign policy abroad. The Embassy of the Russian Federation in China has been actively engaged in digital diplomacy on the Chinese social media platform Sina Weibo, aiming to put an end to the “public opinion hegemony” of the Western media and counter fake news and negative propaganda from Ukraine and other countries about the Special Military Operation. Methods and materials. This paper is built on a streak of official interviews with diplomats at the Embassy of the Russian Federation in Beijing. Drawing on content analysis of the microblogs published by the official account of the Embassy of the Russian Federation in China from January 1, 2022 to April 1, 2023, this article examines the digital diplomacy of the Russian official institutions regarding China against the background of the Russian Special Military Operation in Ukraine. Analysis. Russia’s digital diplomacy towards China has been focusing strongly on the Special Military Operation. In the field of digital diplomacy with China, two main information sources have arisen that are represented by the Russian Embassy in China and two mainstream media outlets, Russia Today and Sputnik. They advocate steadfastly for Russia’s national interests and express its official stance. In terms of content and topics, the Russian Embassy’s Weibo diplomacy with China is overwhelmed by the political issues following the Special Military Operation, that emphasize the official position of Russia and explains the objectives of the Special Military Operation – to disarm and control the foreign forces used against the people of Donbas and to stop neo-Nazism and its ideology. In terms of communication methods, the Weibo operations team of the Embassy of the Russian Federation in China has demonstrated its professionalism and aptitude to market events while using such unique Weibo functions as the hashtagging events feature. Results. The target audience’s attention to a hot issue is time-sensitive, i.e., about one month after the event, which is the “golden stage” for effective digital diplomacy. At the same time, the study illustrates that while carrying out digital diplomacy activities with China, the Russian Embassy in China still has shortcomings in its performance, i.e., in early 2023, the official position was over-highlighted and the content and form of communications were relatively homogeneous. The content of communication should be appropriately enriched in order to eventually build up a multi-faceted and multi-angle communication system.
“Circle of good” included the new nosology in its list
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: July 2023

Экспертный совет фонда «Круг добра» включил в перечень  нозологий новое   заболевание — юношеский идиопатический сколиоз  — и утвердил финансирование уникального   метода   лечения   «Хирургическая  коррекция тяжелых сколиотических  деформаций позвоночника у детей с идиопатическим сколиозом с применением технологии активной оптической трехмерной компьютерной навигации».
DYNAMICAL THRESHOLD OF CAVITATION DUE TO WEAK TENSION INDUCED BY LES-BASED CFD WATER FLOWS
Authors: Fujikawa Toshihide , Egashira Ryu , Hooman Kamel , Fukuda Masakazu , Fujikawa Shigeo
Published: July 2023

This paper uses a combination of numerical and theoretical techniques to evaluate dynamical threshold for cavitation in water triggered by weak tension. Within the test section of a once-through, nonrecirculating cavitation tunnel, a cylinder is installed, behind which cavitation occurs, and once cavitated, water cannot return to the monitoring section. The single-phase water flow has been simulated using an LES-based CFD solver to observe velocity distribution at the throat, pressure distributions before and after the throat, flow separation, and vortex formation downstream of the separation point. Bubble dynamics analysis using the Rayleigh-Plesset equation is conducted for conditions under which bubble nuclei supposed to exist in water grow according to CFD-based pressure histories
and along streamlines, revealing that nuclei with O(1 µm)-radius suddenly start growing beyond the throat, largely depending on the streamlines. Finally, dynamical cavitation threshold theory is successfully applied to predict nuclei growth, resulting in rather good agreement with the bubble dynamics analysis.
Experimental and Experiential approaches to the past – Reconstructing and understanding Roman domesticity through recreated places
Authors: Garland Nicky
Published: July 2023

Experiential, or sensory, studies of the past are often viewed in opposition to the ‘scientific’ nature of experimental archaeology, despite obvious overlaps between these two fields. However, recent research has argued for more humanistic experimental archaeology to better engage our present to the past. This study focuses on how we can, both theoretically and methodologically, utilise contemporary research into the experimental archaeology of Iron Age and Roman Britain to gain insights into the sensory experiences of past people. Focusing on the Empire's northern most frontier, this paper will explore how experiential approaches can be utilised within an open-air museum to provide a more agency driven and experience-based understanding of past archaeological sites across both time and space. This paper concludes by considering the methodological directions in which a broader experimental/experiential holistic approach could take in the future, incorporating digital technologies and differing viewpoints, both academics and non-academics alike.
Comorbilidades asociadas a la mortalidad por COVID-19 en adultos en Lima, Perú: un estudio de cohorte retrospectiva
Authors: Soto-Cabezas M. Gabriela , Reyes-Vega Mary F. , Soriano-Moreno Anderson N. , Ordoñez-Ibargüen Luis , Martel Kevin S. , Flores-Jaime Noemi , Chirinos-Saire Jenny , Velásquez J. Pierre , Munayco Cesar V.
Published: July 2023

Objetivos. Evaluar las comorbilidades asociadas a la mortalidad en pacientes adultos hospitalizados por COVID-19 de diferentes grupos de edad en hospitales de Lima y Callao. Materiales y métodos. En este estudio de cohorte retrospectiva analizamos datos de pacientes adultos hospitalizados por COVID-19, notificados al Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica del Ministerio de Salud de Perú de marzo a octubre del 2020. Se estimaron riesgos relativos con intervalos de confianza al 95% mediante modelos de regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta para evaluar las comorbilidades asociadas a la mortalidad por grupos de edad: jóvenes (18-29 años), adultos (30-59 años) y mayores (≥60 años). Resultados. Se incluyeron 2366 jóvenes, 23781 adultos y 25356 adultos mayores en el análisis. Los adultos mayores presentaron la mortalidad más alta (63,7%) en comparación con adultos (27,1%) y jóvenes (8,5%). Independientemente del grupo de edad, la presencia de enfermedad neurológica, enfermedad renal, enfermedad hepática y cáncer se asoció a un mayor riesgo de mortalidad. Adicionalmente, la enfermedad cardiovascular fue también un factor de riesgo en los jóvenes; la obesidad, la diabetes, la enfermedad cardiovascular, la enfermedad pulmonar crónica y la inmunodeficiencia en los adultos; y la obesidad y la enfermedad pulmonar crónica en los mayores. Conclusiones: Independientemente de los grupos de edad, los individuos con enfermedad neurológica crónica, enfermedad renal, enfermedad hepática y cáncer tendrían un alto riesgo de morir por la COVID-19.
Hemofilia A adquirida en el posparto: reporte de caso
Authors: Contreras-Pizarro Carlos H. , Chumpitaz-Anchiraico Gloria , Ticona Sanjínez Rosario , Peña-Diaz Carlos
Published: July 2023

La hemofilia A adquirida es un trastorno hemorrágico poco frecuente a nivel mundial, y se caracteriza por la presencia de autoanticuerpos inhibidores dirigidos hacia un factor de la coagulación, en la mayoría de ocasiones el factor VIII. Las etiologías son variadas, entre las que se encuentra el posparto. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 34 años con dolor lumbar, hematuria y hematoma en región glútea derecha, sin antecedentes previos de sangrado. Por extensión de las manifestaciones hemorrágicas es transferida al servicio de emergencia. Los exámenes auxiliares de perfil de coagulación, prueba de mezclas y medición de los títulos de inhibidores del factor VIII permitieron confirmar el diagnóstico. El caso resalta la importancia de considerar esta patología en una paciente puérpera con persistencia de sangrado por herida operatoria, hematoma extenso y sin historia de sangrado previo.
El trabajo decente en Colombia, una aproximación desde los derechos humanos
Authors: Sayas-Contreras Rafaela , Zúñiga-Mercado Rafael
Published: July 2023

The concept of decent work finds a deep bond with human rights, a category that does not exclude the productivity or development of nations, however in Latin America and particularly in Colombia, its implementation constitutes a challenge. This text reports on an analysis of SDG 8 ‘Decent Work and Economic Growth’ and its jurisprudential development from the perspective of the Colombian High Courts, first from the specific goals that allow decent work to be configured as a concept and second, through the review of judicial decisions that refer to the concepts of syndical freedom, safe work, child labor, health and well-being at work. For such purposes, “decent work” was used as a transversal category for a qualitative methodological approach that allowed exploring the appropriation of the concept in institutional settings.
Aplicaciones bibliométricas del estudio del capital intelectual dentro de las instituciones de educación superior desde un enfoque sostenible
Authors: Ramírez-Duran Javier-Alfonso , Niebles-Núñez William , García-Tirado Johny
Published: July 2023

This review article is developed to characterize the bibliometric applications of the study of intellectual capital within higher education institutions from a sustainable approach. The research is based on a descriptive level and with a documentary design, which is based on scientometric techniques in the area of knowledge of intellectual capital within higher education institutions within the framework of sustainability. The data is obtained from the database in an observation window from 1990 to 2023. In the results, in general, a total of 221 documents are observed with a growth in scientific production of 4.29% per year. It should be noted that the United States is the country with the highest production related to the area of knowledge, the networks between keywords denote a greater number in terms such as “sustainability” and “sustainable development”.
Las pruebas saber pro, un desafío a la educación en Colombia
Authors: Cifuentes-Medina José-Eriberto , Poveda-Pineda Derly-Francedy , Limas-Suárez Sonia-Janneth
Published: July 2023

The article presents a thoughtful analysis of the state tests implementation as a classification mechanism, a classification that can be understood from several points of view. Firstly, educational institutions must fulfil in with convinced quality standards issued by international organizations who acknowledge the development of the educational process in perfect environments. They leave aside substantial conditions and the difficulties of accessibility to resources of most of the underdeveloped countries in which these tests are applied. Secondly, the most neuralgic aspect of the educational system is that these tests have been used for decades to establish criteria for students to access higher public education. Consequently, students will not have the possibility of entering higher public education if they do not reach the score established in these tests by public universities. That score determines if students are accepted or rejected by the university’s academic offer. In this sense, the educational systems face the uncertainty of reaching the average results in the State tests and international standardized tests because it seems that achieving a distinguished quota in the ranking of the institutions is more important than the quality of education itself. However, the results obtained in standardized tests do not mirror the quality and development of cognitive skills that students have acquired throughout an academic period. The reality of education in Colombia and Latin America differs from the mechanisms, resources, training, and other conditions for which these tests are designed. What is more worrying is that such tests are not structured for the diversity of students with special abilities have in their training process environment.