bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Through which glass darkly? Constitutional principle in legality and constitutionality review
Authors: Sirota Léonid
Published: June 2020

In recent years, the Supreme Courts of Canada and the United Kingdom have decided very similar cases on the permissibility of high fees for access to adjudication. The outcomes of the cases were similar: the fees were struck down. In the Canadian case, they were held to infringe s 96 of the Constitution Act, 1867; in the United Kingdom, they were said to be a violation of the common law right of access to courts not authorized by statute. Yet a comparison of the reasoning of the two supreme courts is instructive. While the UK Supreme Court forthrightly and thoughtfully engaged with the impact of the fees at issue on the Rule of Law, the Canadian one failed to do so and instead relied on a strained interpretation of a constitutional provision of questionable relevance. This suggests that, perhaps surprisingly, legality review, being less bound up with constitutional text and causing courts less anxiety about its legitimacy, can allow the courts better to canvass the real issues cases implicating constitutional rights and principles present than constitutionality review.
Long-term visual quality evaluations correlate with climate-based daylighting metrics in tropical offices – A field study
Authors: Jakubiec JA , Quek G , Srisamranrungruang T
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we present a post-occupancy study of 326 participants in 10 daylit office buildings in Singapore and correlate the results with climate-based daylighting metrics and electric lighting simulations using calibrated simulation models of the 10 buildings. For the first time, this study tests the climate-based daylighting metrics which are used in building design against their impact on occupant perception within buildings. We find significant correlations between climate-based daylighting metrics and reported occupant satisfaction with access to daylight, view interest, perception of ‘too low’ lighting levels and visual comfort. Overall, climate-based daylighting metrics which account for lower illuminance thresholds such as continuous daylight autonomy and useful daylight illuminance combined (100–3000 lx) correlate more strongly with subjective results than do electric lighting sufficiency metrics such as daylight autonomy at 300 and 500 lx thresholds. Simple descriptive statistical representations of annual daylight distributions, mean and median annual daylight illuminance values, outperform climate-based daylighting metrics in correlation strength and p-value. Based upon these results, new metrics are proposed for occupant satisfaction with daylight access and views. In addition, increased daylight levels are shown to decrease reporting of lighting levels being ‘often too low’ even when adequate electric lighting is provided, and contrast is likely to be beneficial to space perception at non-glaring thresholds.
Anticancer and Apoptogenic Effect of Graviola and Low-Dose Radiation in Tumor Xenograft in Mice
Authors: El Tawiil Ghada A. , Noaman Eman Ali , Askar Mostafa A. , El Fatih Neama Mohamed , Mohamed Hebatallah E.
Published: June 2020

Background: Annona muricata (graviola) has been claimed for its potential against various diseases including cancer. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer effect of graviola extract on Ehrlich solid tumor (EST) mice along with or without a low dose of γ radiation (LDR). Methods: Mice were treated with graviola 50 mg/kg body weight orally for 30 days after EST induction and exposed to γ-ray (2 Gy/week for 3 weeks). Cell cycle, CD44, TGF-β, Bcl-2, and annexin V were determined in tumor tissue. Results: The result obtained showed a significant decrease ( P < .05) of tumor size in 28 graviola-treated EST-bearing mice group (EG) or graviola-treated and irradiated EST-30–bearing mice (EGR) groups versus the EST group. The large number of cells in the sub-G0/G1 population and low cell number at S and M phases signify tumor cell apoptosis and inhibition of cell division in EG or EGR groups. Additionally, significant increases in the expression of CD44 and TGF-β were recorded in EST mice as compared with EG or EGR mice. Furthermore, EST mice exhibited a decrease in the apoptotic marker annexin v and increase in antiapoptotic Bcl-2 compared with EG and EGR mice. Conclusion: It could be suggested that graviola exerts its antitumor effect throughout the regulation of the tumor cell cycle as well as inducing apoptotic signals. The combined treatment of graviola and LDR augments their effect on tumor proliferation.
Acacetin and Pinostrobin Inhibit Malignant Breast Epithelial Cell Adhesion and Focal Adhesion Formation to Attenuate Cell Migration
Authors: Jones Aaron A. , Gehler Scott
Published: June 2020

Naturally occurring flavonoids, such as acacetin and pinostrobin, disrupt a wide range of processes during tumor progression, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Although the antiproliferative and antiapoptotic effects of acacetin and pinostrobin have been studied using various cell lines, relatively little is known about the effects of acacetin and pinostrobin on cancer cell migration and metastasis. For instance, it is unclear whether acacetin or pinostrobin have any effect on breast cancer cell migration or adhesion. In this study, we assessed the effects of acacetin and pinostrobin on malignant MDA-MB-231 and T47D breast epithelial cells and non-tumorigenic MCF10A breast epithelial cells. Our results demonstrate that both acacetin and pinostrobin selectively inhibit the migration of both MDA-MB-231 and T47D cells in a dose-dependent manner while exhibiting blunted effects on MCF10A cells. Interestingly, neither compound had an effect on cell proliferation in any of the 3 cell lines. Furthermore, both acacetin and pinostrobin inhibit MDA-MB-231 and T47D cell adhesion, cell spreading, and focal adhesion formation, but have no significant effect on MCF10A cells. Collectively, these results suggest that both acacetin and pinostrobin selectively inhibit malignant breast epithelial cell migration through attenuation of cell adhesion and focal adhesion formation. These findings indicate that both acacetin and pinostrobin may serve as potential therapeutic options to target breast tumor cell migration during late-stage tumor progression.
Factors Influencing Functional Exercise Capacity After Lung Resection for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Oikawa Masato , Hanada Masatoshi , Nagura Hiroki , Tsuchiya Tomoshi , Matsumoto Keitaro , Miyazaki Takuro , Sawai Terumitsu , Yamasaki Naoya , Nagayasu Takeshi , Kozu Ryo
Published: June 2020

Purpose: We investigated, in patients who underwent lung resection for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the magnitude of early limitation in functional exercise capacity and the associations with pre- and postoperative factors. Methods: Consecutive patients with preoperative clinical stage I to IIIA NSCLC who underwent lung resection were prospectively enrolled. We measured functional exercise capacity (6-minute walk distance [6MWD]) and skeletal muscle strength (handgrip [HF] and quadriceps force [QF]) within 2 days prior to surgery and on day 7 postoperatively. Results: Two hundred eighteen participants were recruited (median age 69 years) of whom 49 developed postoperative complications (POCs). 6MWD was markedly decreased (514 m vs 469 m, P < .001); HF and QF were slightly decreased following surgery. Multiple linear regression showed that preoperative vital capacity ( P < .01), QF ( P < .05), the duration of chest tube drainage ( P < .001), and presence of POCs ( P < .05) were significant predictors. However, intraoperative factors were not significantly associated with the decline in 6MWD. Conclusions: These results suggest that patients with preoperative impairments in pulmonary function and muscle strength, and those who require prolonged chest tube drainage or develop POCs are likely to have impaired exercise capacity. Therefore, individual assessment and follow-up of patients with such factors is indicated.
Diarrhea Induced by Small Molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Compared With Chemotherapy: Potential Role of the Microbiome
Authors: Secombe Kate R. , Van Sebille Ysabella Z. A. , Mayo Bronwen J. , Coller Janet K. , Gibson Rachel J. , Bowen Joanne M.
Published: June 2020

Small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (SM-TKIs) are among a group of targeted cancer therapies, intended to be more specific to cancer cells compared with treatments, such as chemotherapy, hence reducing adverse events. Unfortunately, many patients report high levels of diarrhea, the pathogenesis of which remains under investigation. In this article, we compare the current state of knowledge of the pathogenesis of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CID) in comparison to SM-TKI–induced diarrhea, and investigate how a similar research approach in both areas may be beneficial. To this end, we review evidence that both treatment modalities may interact with the gut microbiome, and as such the microbiome should be investigated for its ability to reduce the risk of diarrhea.
Protective effect of exogenous hydrogen sulfide on diaphragm muscle fibrosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Yang Rui , Jia Qiang , Li Yan , Mehmood Shomaila
Published: June 2020

Diabetes mellitus has been shown to impair respiratory function. The diaphragm is an important skeletal muscle involved in respiration. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is one of the three endogenous gas messengers in mammals, which exhibits anti-fibrotic activity in some types of diabetes-related complications. However, whether and how H2S exerts its anti-fibrotic activity on the diabetic diaphragmatic muscle remains unclear. In this study, we explored the anti-fibrotic activity of exogenous H2S on the diaphragm using a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. The results showed that diaphragmatic biomechanical parameters were decreased, whereas the levels of inflammatory cytokines, collagen, and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein (NLRP) 3 inflammasome-related protein expression were increased in diabetic diaphragms. This implies that diabetes causes fibrosis of the diaphragm muscle through activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. After supplementation with exogenous H2S, the diaphragmatic biomechanical and pathological alterations were ameliorated and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome was inhibited, followed by a decline in diaphragm muscle inflammation and fibrosis. These results demonstrate for the first time that exogenous H2S effectively attenuates STZ-induced diabetic diaphragm muscle fibrosis, and that the underlying mechanism may be associated with suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory reaction.

Impact statement

Diabetes mellitus is a group of chronic metabolic disorders, which causes serious damage to a variety of organs, such as the retina, heart, and skeletal muscle. The diaphragm is an important skeletal muscle involved in respiration in mammals. Fibrosis of the diaphragm muscle affects its contractility, which in turn impairs respiratory function. Accumulating evidence suggests that exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exhibits anti-fibrotic activity in diabetes mellitus, but whether and how H2S exerts this anti-fibrotic effect in the diabetic diaphragm remains unclear. The current work for the first time reveals that exogenous H2S attenuates hyperglycemia-induced fibrosis of the diaphragm muscle and strengthens diaphragmatic biomechanical properties in diabetes mellitus, and the mechanism may involve the alleviation of collagen deposition by suppression of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein (NLRP) 3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory reaction. Therefore, H2S supplementation could be used as an efficient targeted therapy against the NLRP3 inflammasome in the diabetic diaphragm.
New Preoperative Spinal Cord Ischemia Risk Stratification Model for Patients Undergoing Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair
Authors: Mousa Albeir Y. , Morcos Ramez , Broce Mike , Bates Mark C. , AbuRahma Ali F.
Published: June 2020

Purpose:

Our objective was to determine significant predictors of spinal cord ischemia (SCI) following Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) and to further develop a simple and clinically orientated risk score model.

Methods:

A retrospective review of data from the Society of Vascular Surgery/Vascular Quality Initiative national data set was performed for all patients undergoing TEVAR from January, 2014 to June 2018. Preoperative demographics, procedure-related variables, and clinical details related to SCI were examined. A SCI risk score was developed utilizing a multivariable logistic regression model.

Results:

For the 7889 patients in the final analysis who underwent TEVAR during the study period, the mean age was 67.6 ± 13.9, range 18 to 90 years, and the majority was male (65%). Postoperative outcomes included stroke (3.0%), myocardial infarction (2.9%), inhospital mortality (5.4%), transient SCI (1.5%), and permanent SCI (2.1%). Nearly half of the overall cases were performed in high volume centers. Predictors of increased risk for SCI included age by decade (odds ratio [OR]: 1.2), celiac coverage (OR: 1.5), current smoker (OR: 1.6), dialysis (OR: 1.9), 3 or more aortic implanted devices (OR: 1.7), emergent or urgent surgery (OR: 1.5), adjunct aorta-related procedure (OR: 2.5), adjunct not related (OR: 2.6), total estimated length of aortic device (19-31 cm, OR: 1.9 and ≥32 cm, OR: 3.0), ASA class 4 or 5 (OR: 1.6), and procedure time ≥154 minutes (OR: 1.8). Two predictors decreased the risk of SCI, cases from high-volume centers (OR: 0.6) and eGFR ≥ 60 (OR: 0.6). To evaluate the risk score model, probabilities of SCI from the original regression, raw score, and raw score categories resulted in area under the curve statistics of 0.792, 0.786, and 0.738, respectively.

Conclusions:

Spinal cord ischemia remains one of the most feared complications of TEVAR. Incidence of SCI in this large series of patients with TEVAR was 3.6% with nearly 60% being permanent. The proposed model provides an assessment tool to guide clinical decisions, patient consent process, risk-assessment, and procedural strategy.
Widening The Gallery Of Biblical Combat Veteran Types With Gideon
Authors: Grimell Jan
Published: June 2020

This spiritual-psychological exegesis continues to expand the gallery of biblical combat veteran types by shedding light on a new biblical combat character. Gideon from the Book of Judges was an experienced combat veteran and military commander. The findings include the proposal of a new categorical type of a combat veteran who illustrates both spiritual integrity and resilience. The article engages in conversations of what the findings may mean for pastoral care and their connections to theology.
A Muslim Chaplaincy for Asylum Seekers? Results from an Evaluation Research Study
Authors: Schmid Hansjörg , Sheikhzadegan Amir
Published: June 2020

Due to the high number of Muslim applicants in the Swiss asylum system, in recent years there have been calls for an introduction of a Muslim chaplaincy service into Switzerland’s asylum centers. Acknowledging this need, the Swiss federal government ran a Muslim chaplaincy pilot service in Zurich’s Juch Asylum Center between July 2016 and June 2017, with a view to its possible roll-out across Switzerland’s federal asylum centers. This paper links methodological reflection with a presentation of key results in the evaluation of this project. Applying a mixed-method design based on the fourth-generation evaluation research, the study investigates the perspectives of the main stakeholder groups on the pilot project. The interaction with Muslim chaplains mostly led to a high degree of satisfaction among asylum seekers. The study shows there were difficulties and obstacles integrating Muslim chaplaincy into the center’s inter-professional setting, although the interfaith cooperation with Christian chaplains nonetheless developed intensively. The study’s methodological limitations, primarily caused by the setting of the study, are also discussed, as well as the impact the evaluation itself had on the asylum center setting.
Walking Together in Exile: Medical Moral Injury and the Clinical Chaplain
Authors: Alexander David William
Published: June 2020

This article examines various sides of the recent discussion about establishing a medical category within the “moral injury” discourse. Essential differences between the nature and development of moral injury among physicians and combat veterans are acknowledged. Essential similarities are also explored. Case notes from a 3-year encounter between a clinical chaplain and a disoriented physician are offered as an illustration of how moral injury interventions with veteran populations can inform care for physicians experiencing burnout.
COVID – A Caring Reflection
Authors: Sylvester Apara Mahal
Published: June 2020

Those of us who can come to work every day and provide emotional and spiritual support to the patients, families, staff, and to each other despite all challenges. COVID-19 has not robbed us of our ability to care. COVID-19 has not robbed us of our voices in using kind words, thoughts, sentiments, and prayers to comfort others and each other. Most importantly, COVID-19 has not broken us.
Male Chaplains and Female Soldiers: Are There Gender and Denominational Differences in Military Pastoral Care?
Authors: Roberts Daniel L. , Kovacich Joann
Published: June 2020

In this study, 15 United States Army chaplain men described the practices they engaged in when providing pastoral support to women soldiers. Many engaged in creating safe spaces for women and themselves, particularly in regard to avoiding perceptions of impropriety. Other clergy did not consider gender a factor in counseling. Some chaplains placed limitations on the amount of support they would give. This study did not determine the degree to which chaplain men were effective.
Arterial Duplex and Palmar Acceleration Time in an Upper Extremity Trauma Case
Authors: Sommerset Jill , Sapru Abharika Bahaar , Teso Desarom , Karmy-Jones Riyad
Published: June 2020

Subclavian and axillary arterial injuries are uncommon and in the setting of scapulothoracic dissociation present difficulties in diagnosis, assessment, and reconstruction. We present a case of subclavian artery disruption in such a setting, in which palmar duplex identified the need for reperfusion and provided assessment of an extra-anatomic bypass. Palmar arterial duplex may provide a useful tool in select cases of upper extremity arterial trauma.
The state tribunal and the paradoxes of socialist legality in 1980s Poland
Authors: Szumski Jakub
Published: June 2020

During the tumultuous 1980s, Polish People’s Republic experimented with legal reforms and institutions of the constitutional state. Among these institutions, set up according to the ideas of socialist legality, was the State Tribunal, tasked with determining accountability of the former leadership from the 1970s. Brought to life amid debates around economic crisis and official corruption and legally and politically constrained, the Tribunal failed to satisfy popular demands for justice. This article explores the idea of socialist legality by looking at the history of the State Tribunal in Poland. It analyses different understandings of justice and accountability, expressed during the Solidarity Revolution, and shows how they played out in public debates and the legislative process. In order to guarantee legitimacy in the unstable political situation, Polish socialist legality needed to go further than in other Eastern Bloc countries and to address popular grievances. In Poland therefore, socialist constitutional state-building started before martial law and significantly predated the turn to liberal democracy and market capitalism in 1989.
Role of fragile X mental retardation protein in chronic pain
Authors: Mei Xiangyang , Yang Yixin , Zhao Jinsong , Wang Yongjie , Chen QiLiang , Qian Xiang , Li Xiangyao , Feng Zhiying
Published: June 2020

Chronic pain has detrimental effects on one’s quality of life. However, its treatment options are very limited, and its underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. Recent research has suggested that fragile X mental retardation protein is involved in the development of chronic pain, making it a potential target for prevention and treatment. The current review of literature will examine the function of fragile X mental retardation protein and its associated pathways, through which we hope to gain insight into how fragile X mental retardation protein may contribute to nociceptive sensitization and chronic pain.
Physical activity in working mothers: Running low impacts quality of life
Authors: Limbers Christine A , McCollum Christina , Ylitalo Kelly R , Hebl Mikki
Published: June 2020

Objectives:

The transition to motherhood is associated with declines in physical activity in women. Working mothers may be particularly at-risk for low levels of physical activity, since they have to balance the competing interests of work and family life, and exercise often takes a backseat to more seemingly pressing concerns. The potential benefits working mothers can experience from physical activity are numerous. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the percentage of working mothers from the United States who met the World Health Organization’s and the American College of Sports Medicine’s recommended guidelines for weekly physical activity and investigate the associations between physical activity, quality of life, and self-rated work productivity in this sample of working mothers.

Methods:

Participants were 334 working mothers from the United States (mean age = 35.00 years; standard deviation (SD) = 5.85; 77.8% White) recruited from a Qualtrics research panel. To be eligible to participate in the study, a woman had to be 18 years or older with at least one child aged 5 years or younger, work at least 30 h per week at a job, live with her child(ren) at least 50% of the time, and have a minimum of a bachelor’s degree. Participants completed the Godin leisure time exercise questionnaire, the World Health Organization—five well-being index, a single-item indicator of self-rated work productivity, and a demographic questionnaire.

Results:

Of the working mothers in the sample, 45.5% met the recommended guidelines of at least 150 min of moderate exercise in the past week. Approximately 39% of working mothers reported engaging in no 30-min bouts of strenuous exercise in the past week. Non-white working mothers, working mothers with a higher singular annual income, and working mothers who obtained a higher educational level were more likely to meet the recommended guidelines for physical activity in the past week. Meeting the recommended physical activity guidelines in the past week was associated with better quality of life ( r = 0.39; p < 0.001) and self-rated work productivity ( r = 0.13; p < 0.05). Only the association between physical activity and quality of life remained significant in a multivariate analysis (standardized beta coefficient = 0.33; p < 0.001) after controlling for race/ethnicity, maternal singular annual income, and maternal highest level of education.

Conclusion:

Our findings highlight that working mothers in the United States are a group at risk for low levels of physical activity. Given the great benefits that these women do experience as a function of getting exercise, it is critically important we pay more attention to how individual, organizational, and societal-level interventions might assist them in attaining target levels of physical activity.
Heterometallic coordination polymers: Treatment activity on diabetic foot by reducing the excess inflammatory response in the plantar tissue
Authors: Wang Hai-Yan , Weng Li , Yang Hong-Yan , Yang Xi , Dong Xiao-Ling , Tan Xiao-Mei , Wang Yan
Published: June 2020

Two new heterometallic coordination polymers formulated as {[LaCo(2.5-pydc)2(H2O)4]Cl·4H2O}n (1, 2,5-H2pydc = pyridine-2,5-dicarboxylic acid) and {[LaCo2Cl3(4,4′-bpdc)2(H2O)3]·H2O}n (2, 4,4′-H2bpdc = 2,2′-bipyridyl-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid) have been solvothermally synthesized using the coordination between rare earth/transition metal ions and pyridinedicarboxylic acids. To develop new candidates for enhancing the therapeutic effect of improved negative pressure suction for diabetic foot, the activities of compounds 1 and 2 were studied. First, the ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) detection kit was used and the inflammatory cytokines in the plantar tissue were measured. Besides, the TLR-4-NF-κB signaling pathway was measured with real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
Light-emitting diode light–enabled denitrative etherification of 4-nitrobenzonitrile under catalyst-free conditions at room temperature
Authors: Soltani Roghaye , Abdollahi Fatemeh , Ghaderi Arash
Published: June 2020

In this study, we have developed a catalyst-free procedure for denitrative etherification of electron-deficient nitroarenes. In this method, the reaction failed in the dark but was enabled by white light-emitting diode light (6 W) in the presence of NaOH/dimethylformamide at room temperature with short reaction times. Interestingly, the reaction in the dark is completed almost immediately once a small quantity of water is added to the reaction mixture. Ultraviolet irradiation (λ = 254 nm) was not effective for this reaction to proceed.
Remembering John/Ivan Demjanjuk: Inclusive and exclusive frames in cosmopolitan holocaust discourse
Authors: Pentzold Christian , Sommer Vivien
Published: June 2020

This article analyzes the media representations circulating around the trials of the accused Nazi collaborator John/Ivan Demjanjuk. It examines the American, Dutch, German, Russian, Jewish-Dutch, and Jewish-American discourses that framed the consecutive legal proceedings in Israel, the U.S., and Germany. Our study interrogates the convergences and divergences in the transcultural translations as well as the local appropriations of the events that formed part of the cosmopolitan remembrance of the Holocaust. We reconstructed inclusive media frames which were able to traverse different languages and cultures. We also found exclusive frames in our study that did not travel across these boundaries. The palette of views on Demjanjuk’s personal guilt and on the capacity of the trials were informed by culturally restricted or culturally resonative mnemonic tropes and were sponsored by different groups of memory agents.
A randomized controlled trial of dorsal web space versus palmar midline injection of steroid in the treatment of trigger digits
Authors: Jiménez Isidro , Garcés Gerardo L. , Marcos-García Alberto , Medina José
Published: June 2020

One hundred and sixty patients were enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled trial to assess whether a steroid injection through the dorsal web space was less painful than the palmar midline technique in the treatment of trigger digits and whether they were equally effective. There were 116 women and 44 men with a mean age of 60 years. The mean visual analogue score for pain during the injection was 3.6 in the dorsal web space group and 5.4 in the palmar midline group on a scale of 0–10. The overall success of treatment in the dorsal group was 67%, whereas it was 56% in the palmar group. No complications were noted. We concluded from this study that the dorsal web space technique is less painful and at least as effective as the palmar midline technique.

Level of evidence: I
Risk factors for rupture of extensor tendons in the rheumatoid wrist
Authors: Asano Kenichi , Shinohara Takaaki , Iwatsuki Katsuyuki , Yamamoto Michiro , Tatebe Masahiro , Hirata Hitoshi
Published: June 2020

This study assessed the risk factors for spontaneous extensor tendon rupture in the rheumatoid wrist. The rupture group consisted of 25 wrists that had rupture of the extensor tendons and later received tendon reconstruction. The non-rupture group included 77 rheumatoid wrists without extensor tendon rupture. We assessed patients' pain at the distal radioulnar joint and swelling in the extensor tendon compartments clinically, matrix metalloproteinase-3 level in blood samples, and radiographic findings. We found that swelling in the extensor tendon compartments, the scallop sign, and severe dorsal subluxation are significantly associated with spontaneous extensor tendon rupture, but serum matrix metalloproteinase-3 level is not.

Level of evidence: IV
Care Coordination: A Principle of 21st Century School Nursing Practice With a Focus on Case Management
Authors: Gray Lorali , Klein Nicole , Meuret Cathy , Nelson Lynn , Stahlnecker Leslie
Published: June 2020

The Framework for 21st Century School Nursing Practice™, created by the National Association of School Nurses (NASN), explains school nursing practice, providing guidance, organization, prioritization, and meaning. This is the second article in a series for The Framework for 21st Century School Nursing Practice. This article focuses on case management, one of the practice components in the principle of care coordination. Case management focuses on school nurse support of individual at-risk students and collaborative actions to reduce barriers to their academic success. This article will clarify how the terms care coordination and case management are used in context of the Framework and provide an example to help the reader apply the concept to practice. Washington’s School Nurse Case Management Program will serve as a model. The program outlines evidence for effective practice and shares practical examples of how school nurses can implement case management into their daily work. Any school nurse, no matter how large or small their workload, can provide case management.
High and Varied Anterior Condyle of the Distal Femur Is Associated with Limited Flexion in Varus Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Nishitani Kohei , Ito Takayuki , Hatada Ryosuke , Kuriyama Shinichi , Nakamura Shinichiro , Ito Hiromu , Matsuda Shuicih
Published: June 2020

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate variations in anterior condylar height (ACH) of the distal femur in varus knee osteoarthritis and evaluate the association between ACH and knee flexion.

Design

Computed tomography (CT) images of 171 knees (143 patients; age 73.7 ± 8.3 years; 132 females, 39 males) with symptomatic primary knee osteoarthritis and varus alignment undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty, unilateral knee arthroplasty, or high tibial osteotomy were evaluated. Several other anatomic parameters were measured on CT or radiography. The ACH and knee flexion correlation was analyzed, and factors contributing to knee flexion were determined using multivariable regression analysis.

Results

Medial ACH (mean, 8.1 mm; range, −2.8 to 19.9 mm) was smaller ( P < 0.001) but more variable ( F = 1.8, P < 0.001) than lateral ACH (mean, 10.7 mm; range, 3.6-18.3 mm). Medial ACH was moderately correlated with flexion ( r = −0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.55 to −0.32), whereas lateral ACH was weakly correlated ( r = −0.38; 95% CI, −0.50 to −0.25). On multivariable linear regression analysis of knee flexion, body mass index ( B [partial regression coefficient] = −1.1), patellofemoral Kellgren-Lawrence grade ( B = −4.3), medial ACH ( B = −1.2), medial posterior condylar offset ( B = 1.2), age ( B = −0.4), and varus alignment ( B = −0.6) remained significant independent variables (adjusted R2 = 0.35).

Conclusions

Wide variation and anteriorization of the anterior condyle of the distal femur was observed in advanced osteoarthritis, as an independent determinant of limited knee flexion.
Salience-Based Edge Selection in Flicker and Binocular Color Vision
Authors: Anstis Stuart , Hong Grace , Ho Alan
Published: June 2020

A test cross that flickers between light yellow and dark blue at 5 to 8Hz looks apparently yellow on a dark gray surround and apparently blue on a light gray surround ( flicker augmented contrast). The achromatic surround cannot be inducing the perceived colors. Instead, the visual system selects the more salient apparent color with the higher Michelson contrast. The same is true for dichoptic vision. When one eye views a steady, light yellow cross and the other eye views a congruent steady dark blue cross, the binocular combination of colors looks apparently yellow on a dark gray surround and apparently blue on a light gray surround. Thus, when competing stimuli are distributed over time (flicker) or space (dichoptic vision), the visual system overweights the stimulus with the higher contrast. To see objects clearly, we accept the best view of any object and downplay inferior alternatives.
The course of COVID‐19 in a 55‐year‐old patient diagnosed with severe idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Mandler Diana , Lichtblau Mona , Ulrich Silvia
Published: June 2020

We describe a 55‐year‐old woman with severe idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (mean pulmonary artery pressure 71 mmHg, pulmonary vascular resistance 30 WU at diagnosis five months ago), who was diagnosed with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (COVID‐19) and experienced a relatively mild course with symptoms resembling a common cold. To date, information about the clinical course of COVID‐19 in pre‐existing pulmonary arterial hypertension is lacking, and it is thus unknown whether pulmonary arterial hypertension belongs to the risk factors of severe COVID‐19 disease.
Systematic review of empirical studies on citizenship education in Latin America 2000 to 2017 and research agenda proposal
Authors: Bramwell Daniela
Published: June 2020

This article will be of interest to anyone wishing to conduct research related to citizenship education in Latin America. It shares the results of a systematic review of empirical studies with the goal of (a) mapping the current research on citizenship education in Latin America and (b) suggesting a research agenda for citizenship education in Latin America. One particular contribution of this article is that it describes research that was previously accessible only to those who read Spanish. Findings include an increase in publications on citizenship education in Latin America since 2000 and show that research is being published on (1) the content of official documents, (2) what happens in educational settings, (3) teachers’ views, (4) students’ views, (5) what influences students’ civic outcomes and (6) students’ civic identities. The final section of the article explores various suggestions for future research.
A case of anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis
Authors: Abdul Rashid Anna Misyail , Mohamad Mokhtar Elmina , Md Noh Mohamad Syafeeq Faeez
Published: June 2020

Anti- N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis is characterized by the clinical manifestation of neuropsychiatric symptoms, predominantly affecting young adults, and frequently associated with neoplasms. It is the second most common cause of autoimmune and paraneoplastic encephalitis. Early diagnosis is often missed, as patients are commonly diagnosed with psychiatric illnesses and are treated with antipsychotics – which rarely gives complete resolution of symptoms. Herein, we discuss a patient with mixed clinical, imaging, electroencephalogram, and laboratory findings, with an eventual diagnosis of anti- N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis requiring immunotherapy and operative intervention.
A disappearing abdominal mass in a teenage female
Authors: Kahle Jordan , Lakhani Jay
Published: June 2020

We present a case of a 17-year-old female who presented to an urgent care for evaluation of a right-sided abdominal mass. Prior to her evaluation, she had undergone advanced imaging and exploratory laparotomy that did not reveal a diagnosis for her symptoms. Our case emphasizes the importance of listening to the patient who persists in describing a particular clinical symptom and highlights the forgotten, yet historically well-known, diagnosis of nephroptosis.
Trust Toward the Criminal Justice System Among Swedish Roma: A Mixed-Methodology Approach
Authors: Wallengren Simon , Wigerfelt Anders , Wigerfelt Berit , Mellgren Caroline
Published: June 2020

Minority populations’ trust toward the criminal justice system is understudied in many parts of Europe, including Sweden. This article will contribute to this field by examining the trust in the criminal justice system among the Roma community in Sweden. The aim of the study was to (1) estimate the Roma community’s trust toward the criminal justice system, (2) examine what factors influence the community’s trust toward the criminal justice system, and (3) analyze whether trust toward the authorities influences the Roma community’s willingness to report victimization. The study used a mixed-methodology design in combining survey data ( n = 610) with in-depth interviews ( N = 30). The findings show that the respondents have a low level of trust in the criminal justice system authorities. According to the regression analysis, the strongest predictor of trust was shown to be explained by the respondent’s perception of procedural unfairness. Qualitative findings supported these results while also highlighting cultural effects and historical processes that explain the community’s lack of trust. Finally, trust in the authorities seems to be an important factor that influences crime reporting.
Association of Employee Engagement Factors and Turnover Intention Among the 2015 U.S. Federal Government Workforce
Authors: McCarthy Ilana O. , Moonesinghe Ramal , Dean Hazel D.
Published: June 2020

Employee turnover is a major challenge facing the federal workforce, which has lost more employees to voluntary turnover than any other form of turnover. This study determined the associations between engagement, demographic factors, and voluntary turnover intention by analyzing 2015 Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey data. The findings indicate that employees with higher engagement levels are less likely to report an intention to leave their jobs than those with lower engagement levels. All engagement factors—perceptions of supervisors, leaders, and intrinsic work experience—are independently associated with turnover intention. Demographics also influenced turnover intention; being younger, male, and in a supervisory role and having a higher education level and shorter tenure were more likely to indicate turnover intention. Increasing employee engagement can have a positive effect on retaining a productive federal workforce. To retain an effective federal workforce, human capital management practices are needed to optimize factors that reduce turnover intention.
Erotic Extortion: Understanding the Cultural Propagation of Revenge Porn
Authors: Davis Kempton Stefanie
Published: June 2020

Revenge porn is a growing problem in current U.S. media culture. According to the Data & Society Institute, one in 10 women under the age of 30 have been victims of or threatened with having their private sexually explicit images shared with the public without their consent. Most of the current research on revenge porn is from a legal perspective, dealing with issues of privacy and copyright. This article uses feminist phenomenology to explore the cultural influences of revenge porn, specifically the prevalence of the male gaze and male voyeurism in mainstream media. Understanding how revenge porn is situated in culture will allow for a better understanding of potential sites of resistance. This article argues for critical pedagogy and media literacy as possible solutions.
Management of Primary Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Breast: A Systematic Review
Authors: Konik Ryan D. , Huang Gregory S.
Published: June 2020

Purpose:

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a life-threatening infection that involves spreading necrosis of the subcutaneous tissue and fascia that affects the extremities, abdominal wall, and perineum. Primary infection of the breast is a rare occurrence. Shah et al described the first case of primary breast NF and recommended radical “pseudotumor” excision and delayed skin closure months after resolution. Numerous other cases reported were successfully managed with different strategies. We aimed to summarize management options for primary breast NF through a systematic review of the literature.

Methods:

A systematic review of English literature was performed using PubMed. A total of 58 abstracts were reviewed. Data were abstracted from 25 cases that met inclusion criteria.

Results:

A total of 25 cases of primary NF of the breast without an inciting event were found within the literature. Common initial operations included total mastectomy (36.0%), excisional debridement (32.0%), and partial mastectomy (12.0%). A total or radical mastectomy was completed for definitive source control in 13 (52.0%) cases. A total of 18 cases underwent reconstruction. Split-thickness skin grafts (44.4%) and delayed primary closures (33.3%) were the most common methods of reconstruction.

Conclusion:

Majority of cases with primary breast NF are managed with a total mastectomy to gain source control. Reconstruction using split-thickness skin grafts was most common. Other options included delayed primary closure, full thickness skin grafts, local tissue rearrangement, and pedicle flap reconstruction. Reconstruction should be patient dependent, but the whole arsenal of the reconstructive ladder may be used.
Organizational Culture, Discipline, and the Politics of Self: Transformation Through Responsive Conversation
Authors: McClellan John G.
Published: June 2020

As organization and management scholars increasingly embrace organizations as social constructions, communication is more commonly recognized as the practice that creates, maintains, and changes organization. However, scholarship attending to organizational culture and identification often relies on unsophisticated perspectives of communication without much concern for power and the politics of language use. In this contribution, I review central ideas across four communicative perspectives for understanding and critiquing organization that complicate and reorient attention to organizational culture and identification. These perspectives direct attention toward meaning-making practices and social performances, the sociohistorical qualities of meaning and conflict suppression, tension-filled components of organization and the embodiment of meaning, and self-discipline and strategized self-subordination. Embracing the complexities offered in these communicative orientations, I invite scholars and practitioners to attend to responsive conversations about everyday experiences of organizational life to generate more mutually satisfying organizational cultures that celebrate diverse subjectivities at work.
Medical Abortion Care During a Pandemic
Authors: Baill I. Cori
Published: June 2020

In keeping with federal policy, our state’s laws do not permit medical abortion via telemedicine, not even during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, a decision that endangers the lives of women, clinical staff, nurses, and doctors. It also ties dedicated professionals to the clinic instead of being available to emergency rooms, bedsides, and intensive care units, knowing if their clinic doors close vulnerable women may be driven to desperate acts. Instead of 6 feet we could have been 3000 miles apart. Nearly 39% of abortions in the United States are medical abortions. Instructions, medication prescriptions, and routine follow-up can all be safely done remotely. When an examination or ultrasound are necessary, it can be accomplished with minimal staff and patient exposure. Instead, I am caught in a Kafkaesque moment in an already surreal time. Making medical abortion part of telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic could save the lives of women, nurses, staff, and doctors. Maybe yours, maybe even mine.
Design Thinking in Medical Education: The Key Features and Practical Application
Authors: Sandars John , Goh Poh-Sun
Published: June 2020

Design thinking is a process that applies both creativity and innovation to iteratively develop and implement a new product. The design thinking process also enhances design thinking skills that are essential for personal and professional life in a complex world. Health care is increasingly being faced with complex problems, and the education of current and future doctors in design thinking is an important curricular challenge for all medical educators. Medical educators will need to enhance their own design thinking skills to enable them to effectively respond to this challenge.
Using Telemedicine and Infographics for Physician‐Guided Home Drain Removal
Authors: Go Beatrice C. , Brewster Ryan , Patel Risha , Rajasekaran Karthik
Published: June 2020

Objective

Measures to decrease hospital length of stay and outpatient visits are crucial during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Physician‐guided home drain removal presents a potential opportunity for mitigating viral spread and transmission.

Methods

A prospective case series on patients undergoing major head and neck surgery with Jackson‐Pratt drain placement was conducted. Patients were shown an infographic detailing drain care and removal at preoperative assessment and prior to discharge. At a 1‐week follow‐up telemedicine visit, patients were instructed to remove the drain under physician guidance. Patients were assessed 7 days after to determine complication rate and satisfaction.

Results

Twenty‐five patients were enrolled with 100% patients undergoing successful drain removal at home with caregiver support. There were no complications reported at the 7‐day postdrain removal time point, and overall patient satisfaction was high.

Discussion

Infographics and telemedicine are 2 synergistic strategies to guide safe and effective home drain removal.

Implications for Practice

This study demonstrates how telemedicine and an infographic can be effectively used in physician‐guided home drain removal. During a time like the COVID‐19 pandemic, innovative measures are necessary to curb transmission and infection rates. We propose a unique and replicable yet safe solution to limit unnecessary exposure and encourage other surgical providers to adopt a similar strategy.
Exploring Organizational Deception: Organizational Contexts, Social Relations and Types of Lying
Authors: Jenkins Sarah , Delbridge Rick
Published: June 2020

This review paper extends our understanding of organizational deception. We focus specifically on the telling of lies – defined as a false statement with the intent to deceive – as the most common form of deception. We draw new insights from the limited number of existing studies of organizational deception in order to develop a taxonomy of lies and provide an integrative framing for the analysis of lying in organizational contexts. We engage relational sociology to develop this theoretical framing around three key dimensions: organizational context, social relations and actors’ behaviours. From a detailed examination of eleven prior studies, we interrelate these dimensions to identify distinct patterns of lying that are triggered or enabled by social relations or organizational contexts, or both. Based on this theoretical synthesis of prior work, we then demonstrate the utility of the framework in fostering comparative analysis by examining four recent studies of strategic deception in depth. We conclude the paper by discussing the implications of our framework and suggesting an agenda for further research.