bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRECEDENT PHENOMENON “THE LORD OF THE RINGS” IN THE RUSSIAN MEDIA DISCOURSE
Authors: Mishchenko Anna N.
Published: February 2022

In the context of world globalization, a person is constantly influenced by modern media, a powerful means of suggestion, mind control. The media do not simply describe the reality and objectively record the events taking place around them. They are directly or indirectly in overt or covert form processes in society. The article analyzes the functioning of precedent phenomena from the novel “The Lord of the Rings” by J.R.R. Tolkien. The wide popularity of the plots and names of the main characters of the novel allows us to say that they entered and were entrenched in the cognitive base of representatives of our linguistic culture, since the novel raises such eternal topics as the struggle between good and evil, the meaning of power, the role of man in the life of society, the problem of preservation nature and many others. Since in the political media many situations are presented as a confrontation between good and evil, the struggle for power, the precedent phenomena from “The Lord of the Rings” are good means of representing the subjects of political events. The precedent phenomenon of “lord of the rings” in media texts actualized when describing political, social problems, issues of science and sports. Modeling of images occurs by means of the key units “lord” and “ring”, making up a single integral structure, referring to the well-known novel by J.R.R. Tolkien. The analysis of the functioning features of the precedent units included in “The Lord of the Rings” allows us to establish the linguistic mechanisms of their “deployment” in the media discourse and come to the conclusion about the specifics of the fragment of the worldview, fixed in precedent phenomena.
EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE NEWSPAPER «KAVKAZ» IN THE FIRST DECADE OF THE XX CENTURY: TRANSFORMATION OF THE INFORMATION POLICY
Authors: Luchinsky Yury V. , Ostashevsky Alexander V. , Boltuts Olga A.
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the consideration of the little-studied period in the history of one of the leading newspapers of the Caucasian region – the newspaper «Kavkaz» – from 1900 to 1910. This is a period of frequent change of editors, whose creative biographies require careful research and reconstruction based on archival data, memoirs, reference and newspaper sources. The study of the existing gap is of undoubted interest for the restoration of the general picture of the development of the regional media landscape in the process of cardinal political, economic and socio-cultural shifts, which are reflected in the publishing policy of the analyzed periodical. The first decade of the XX century was marked by a number of structural transformations in the editorial practices of most of newspapers and magazines of the Russian Empire both in capitals and in individual territories, which, in its turn, was associated with the construction of a new system of native parliamentary system of government with all its costs, the emergence of a radicalized party press, changing the existing censorship format. The newspaper «Kavkaz», published in the capital of a huge region, became a kind of «mirror» of all these transformations, tracking the course of events in its constituent regions and provinces. In a paradoxical way, it combined in its content the position of the regional administration and the political preferences of individual editors, entered into discussions on a number of socially significant issues, actively polemicized not only with competing Tiflis press, including those published in Georgian and Armenian languages, but also with the metropolitan newspapers, including the influential newspaper «Novoye Vremya», edited by A.S. Suvorin in St. Petersburg. The main part of the political activity of the newspaper «Kavkaz» was quite expected in 1906-1907, which coincided with the editorial searches of P.A. Opochinin. In the course of the study, a number of bio-bibliographic facts (years of life, pseudonyms, main publications) were restored by editors M.M. Tebenkov, K.N. Begichev, P.A. Opochinin.
Viabilidade Econômica do Biogerador tipo Marinha na Fazenda de Cacau
Authors: Brito Rafaela Cristina  Ferreira , Sales Jorge Henrique de Oliveira
Published: February 2022

Apesar do cenário adverso ao crescimento econômico, a demanda por energia continua crescendo e consolidando-se como uma área promissora para investimentos. Nessa perspectiva, este trabalho visa analisar a viabilidade econômica para a cogeração ou autonomia energética da produção de eletricidade em um cenário particular de uma fazenda de cacau, por meio de um biodigestor rural modelo da Marinha, em um estudo de caso realizado na cidade de Barro Preto, Bahia. Os parâmetros para verificação da viabilidade econômica e energética são analisados em relação ao sistema gerador de energia e elementos construtivos do biodigestor. Os indicadores econômicos de viabilidade demonstram valores promissores quantos aos benefícios obtidos com a substituição da carga de energia comprada da concessionária pela gerada no sistema, proveniente do biogás, mostrando que o empreendimento pode ser considerado viável.
Economic growth agenda: The effects of full utilisation of capital budgets among statistical planning regions in North Macedonia
Authors: Garvanlieva Andonova Vesna , Nikolov Marjan , Velkovska Ivana , Petrovska Ana Marija
Published: February 2022

North Macedonia can improve its economic growth by addressing the infrastructure gap by at least full capital budget utilisation. The outturn/execution of capital budget expenditures is low and in relative terms decreasing. The planned public finances for regional balanced development are also low and non-compliant with the legally set levels. A test of several hypothetical scenarios of full capital budget utilisation it is expected to positively contribute to the economic growth immediately and in the period to follow. Even if total debt increases in nominal terms, in relative terms the debt-to-GDP on a longer-run reduces through generating additional economic output.
2020 parliamentary elections in Georgia: Results and geographical peculiarities
Authors: Gachechiladze Revaz , Gogsadze Giorgi
Published: February 2022

The article aims to show the main political-geographic trends of the 2020 parliamentary elections in Georgia. The political systems of the post-Soviet counties are still imperfect and fragile. Although international observers recognised the vote results in Georgia as legitimate, many opposition parties boycotted the parliament for almost six months. It took several western officials to engage in regulating the post-election crisis. The work focuses on analysing turnout and voting patterns pointing to the changes that occurred in the last decade. A geographical study of elections enables one to identify the merits and drawbacks of the electoral process from the regional standpoint. The findings of the work underline the complexity of the election outcomes. While certain legal and political changes bring Georgia closer to European democracies, the country still lags in terms of several electoral/geographical features.
Kształcenie nauczycieli edukacji elementarnej w Polsce i wybranych krajach europejskich
Authors: Jacewicz Agata
Published: February 2022

The author of the article underlines the growth of interest in kindergarten education as a significant link in educational system. Most of discussed problems refer to professional competences of early education teachers and the change of the role of a teacher who works with a young child. Directions of changes in training and development of kindergarten teachers and I-III classes are presented and professional qualifications of teachers from chosen European countries are described. The author also turns attention to the fact that the quality of training has basic significance in ensuring the quality of education as well as improving teaching results. Every teacher needs access to knowledge. Supporting professionalisation of teaching process, culture, self-reflective practice, research among teachers as well as enhancing the status and recognition of teaching profession are equally important.
Diagnoza dziecka w kontekście przekraczania progu szkolnego
Authors: Głowala Agnieszka
Published: February 2022

The entrance of a child in the role of a pupil from the first class means a radical change of a child's life situation and the necessity of adaptation oneself to the new conditions. A teacher creates an active adaptation to the new changes and he claims that a model of education is based on honest diagnosis of a child. A contemporary approach to diagnosis can be defined as holistic and dynamic. The whole diagnosis (holistic) is always formulated in environmental context. Through the diagnosis we can understand a process of active search and data processing which can be used to determine activities that contribute to change of the current condition. The appropriate holistic diagnosis requires efficacious selection of methods of diagnostic proceedings and it is possible when a teacher has a solid knowledge. The holistic diagnosis fulfils three fundamental functions: recognition, explanation and optimisation, that contributes to appropriate organising of the educational process, and it also determines efficacy and effectiveness of the undertaken work.
Rozwijanie myślenia krytycznego przez filozofowanie z najmłodszymi uczniami
Authors: Buła Anna
Published: February 2022

In the light of the international school achievements research results, polish pupils are the ones to perform the worst when thinking abilities are concerned. Experts criticise polish educational establishments for the quality of teaching as well as for neglecting the important areas of children development, from which criticism derives the research of the effective methods of fixing this situation. The Mathew Lipman’s educational program, whose principle is to develop thinking abilities and which constitutes almost ready teaching tool, is present among them. The project waits to be implemented in the polish educational system. One of the most crucial concepts of this program is the critical thinking. While there is no doubt about its value in the modern, democratic world, it is not yet generally believed that this could be tought at school. The article also presented an example of classes in the group of primary school children, who begin to work on their thinking. Because one of the conditions of the development of critical thinking is thinking about thinking.
Edukacyjny potencjał metody przekładu intersemiotycznego – propozycja dla nauczyciela
Authors: Wiśniewska-Kin Monika
Published: February 2022

The bibliography about the method of translation is very rich. There are a lot of definitions of this method I chose four approaches of Jan Polakowski, Alicja Baluch, Bożena Chrząstowska and Wiesława Żuchowska. The method of translation I applied on example of a fairy tale. The main aim of my research was the analysis of children’s skills to reflect the scheme of a fairy tale, also their skills to understand and recognize the main idea of a fairy tale. Thanks to working on the text of the fairy tale children were talking about the associations based on shape, colour, texture. They tried to build the home for the main heroine of the tale and also they tried to perceive other children’s problems and find the solution to the problems.
Pensamiento complejo, ética planetaria y transformación social en la formación del profesorados
Authors: López-Calva Juan Martín
Published: February 2022

Introducción: La crisis que vive el mundo actual demanda la atención a la formación ética de las nuevas generaciones. Un elemento indispensable para atenderla es la formación ética de los docentes. Objetivo: Presentar los resultados de una investigación exploratoria que analizó la opinión de profesores y expertos en programas de capacitación docente sobre la formación ética del profesorado desde el bucle: pensamiento complejo-ética planetaria-transformación social. Método: Se encuestó a un grupo de 22 expertos en formación del profesorado y a 222 docentes de distintos niveles educativos, se les aplicó un cuestionario exploratorio sobre la formación ética del profesorado, construido con una escala Likert de siete opciones. Se presentan descriptiva y comparativamente los resultados de las preguntas relativas al bucle descrito en el objetivo, que es parte de la propuesta teórica construida. Resultados: muestran que no hay suficiente atención a la formación ética del profesorado desde las dimensiones: pensamiento complejo-ética planetaria- transformación social. Discusión: la opinión de los profesores es ligeramente más positiva que la de los expertos, aunque ambos grupos muestran la insuficiencia de la formación de los docentes en estos rubros. Al ser un estudio exploratorio, aporta una primera mirada comparativa. Será necesario complementarlo con un estudio cualitativo.
A condição socioespacial e (i)mobilidade urbana como barreira espacial da classe trabalhadora periférica em São Paulo
Authors: Oliveira Sandro Barbosa de
Published: February 2022

Esse artigo é uma síntese de parte de minha tese de douto-rado em que analiso a crise de mobilidade urbana vivenciada por trabalhadores(as) que habitam as periferias da metrópole de São Paulo a partir de sua condição socioespacial. Procuro demonstrar que tal condição está determinada pela tríplice segregação do espaço urbano – socioespacial, étnico-racial e territorial/urbana – que se apresenta como mais uma camada da desigualdade urbana para maior parte da classe trabalhadora mediada pelo processo de urbanização rodoviarista, modelo de mobilidade predominante que está assentado na tríade industrial automotiva, petrolífera e construção civil que remodelaram a forma urbana de circulação nas grandes metrópoles brasileiras. Então, nesse artigo, analisamos como o tempo de deslocamento tem sido socialmente determinado por meio da experiência de trabalhadores(as) de baixa renda entrevistados (as) nos grupos focais, relacionando tais experiências à estrutura de transporte nos mapas de deslocamentos produzidos com dados da Pesquisa Origem-Destino de 2017 do Metrô de São Paulo e indicadores de renda nos territórios periféricos em comparação com o centro expandido da metrópole, ao evidenciar dinâmicas de deslocamentos distintas e a diferença entre a mobilidade ampla e a mobilidade restrita.
Oportunidades do novo espaço educativo para a educação superior
Authors: Astudillo Mario , Leguízamo-León Ana Vanessa , Calleja Eloy  García
Published: February 2022

Este estudo teórico-reflexivo propõe uma análise das mudanças geradas no ensino superior, no papel do professor e da sala de aula, na inclusão das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação. Um conjunto de tecnologias permite a construção de um novo espaço social e cultural, denominado terceiro entorno, cuja estrutura é diferente da dos ambientes natural (primeiro entorno) e urbano (segundo entorno) onde a vida social se desenvolveu tradicionalmente, e particularmente educação. A metodologia corresponde à revisão sistemática narrativa qualitativa, para a qual foi utilizada a técnica de análise documental. Nesse sentido, é apresentada a evolução do uso das tecnologias na educação e as mudanças que elas produziram, não apenas no surgimento de novos instrumentos de ensino, mas também afetando a estrutura do espaço social e educacional, que por si só constitui o terceiro ambiente. Essa situação nos leva a repensar o papel do professor, a relevância da área em que a instrução é dada, que no terceiro ambiente é a rede e não a sala de aula, o processo de formação que não é presencial, mas representacional e onde a comunicação é assíncrona. Assim, as mudanças necessárias são descritas tanto na sala de aula quanto no professor para se adaptar e emergir nesse novo espaço social e cultural. Conclui a necessidade urgente de repensar a práxis institucional e de ensino à luz das implicações na integração dos ambientes presencial e digital.
Antimicrobial Activity of Nanochitosan Shrimp Shell as a Hands Sanitizer
Authors: Hardiningtyas Safrina Dyah , Bahri Dona Fradilla , Suptijah Pipih
Published: February 2022

Chitosan is a biopolymer that can be extracted from crustaceans, such as shrimp shells. Chitosan is widely used in various fields, such as pharmaceuticals, food, and cosmetics because it is biodegradable, non-toxic, and has antibacterial activity. Nanochitosan is a dosage form based on nanotechnology which has more reactive properties. The purpose of this study was to characterize chitosan and nanochitosan and evaluate the effectiveness of nanochitosan as an antibacterial in hand sanitizer. The tests carried out included analysis of the functional group of chitosan with FTIR, particle size analysis with particle size analyzer, morphological analysis of nanochitosan with SEM, and analysis of the effectiveness of hand sanitizers. The test chitosan used had a degree of deacetylation of 85.94%. The particle size distribution of nanochitosan was 140.94 nm with a polydispersion intensity (PDI) of 0.5830. The results of the antibacterial effectiveness test of nanochitosan as a hand sanitizer showed that the higher the concentration of nanochitosan used, the total bacterial colonies would decrease. The concentration of 2000 ppm nanochitosan can reduce 93.4% of bacterial colonies on probandus hands, and this activity is known to be not significantly different from commercial hand sanitizers.
Critical Control Point (CCP) on Freezing Hairtail Fish (Trichiurus savala) in PT Pan Putra Samudra, Rembang, Central Java
Authors: Dzaky Muhammad , Saputra Eka
Published: February 2022

Hairtail fish (Trichiurus savala) is potential to have a rapid deterioration due to the high water and protein content in the body of the fish. One of the efforts to prevent or slow down the deterioration of layur fish is by freezing treatment. The freezing process also cannot be completely avoided from the emergence of potential hazards, therefore a way to prevent or suppress potential hazards is needed by applying the Critical Control Point (CCP). The descriptive method with data collection including primary and secondary data was used in this study. The freezing process of layur fish at PT Pan Putra Samudra starts from receiving, sorting, weighting, labelling, washing, wrapping with plastic and arranging in cartons, freezing, packaging, and frozen storage. The stages determined as CCP in the freezing of layur fish are in the sorting stage. At the sorting stage, quality checking is performed including organoleptic and microbiological tests. It also checks physical hazards such as hooks and nets. The sorting stage is determined as CCP because in the next stage it cannot prevent or reduce the potential danger that exists in fish. Fish that have gone through quality checking and exceeding the threshold will be put in a special fish reject basket.
Assessing Carrying Capacity of Marine Aquaculture in Pangkil Island, Bintan, Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan Dedy , Wahyudin Wahyudin , Septiani Dwi , Ilhamdy Aidil Fadli , Jumsurizal Jumsurizal , Rahman Aulia , Fahmi Ulia , Yulikasari T Ersti
Published: February 2022

Pangkil is a small island in Indonesia with huge fisheries production where the majority of citizens' livelihoods are fisherman. The decline of fisheries catch production has led to aquaculture activity increasing year by year. Environmental conditions are the most important consideration for marine aquaculture sites. The aims of the present study are to estimation of the carrying capacity in Pangkil island water for marine aquaculture. The study was carried out in January 2020 at 30 locations. To describe the environmental condition, 30 samples were collected to analyse the physical, chemical, and biological parameters. To estimate the carrying capacity, suitability index was applied. The result showed that 57.13% of environmental conditions have very suitable for marine aquaculture (sea cage) in Pangkil Island, while 42.87% is only quite appropriate. Based on the result, Pangkil Island water has high potential for marine aquaculture in the future.
Recommended Bibliographic Information on the Sites of Children Libraries and Criteria for Assessing its Quality
Authors: Laut N. A.
Published: February 2022

As part of the implementation of the “Strategy for the Development of the Information Society in the Russian Federation for 2017–2030”, an important task is to develop criteria for assessing the social effectiveness of electronic services in the field of culture– in particular, in librarianship. When organizing children’s reading, the leading role is played by information and recommendation support, which can increase the interest of children-readers in books and create conditions for a safe information media environment. The purpose of the study is to analyze the qualitative characteristics of the provision of recommendatory bibliographic information on the websites of children libraries. The evaluation of the quality of websites is based on universal criteria for optimal provision of elements necessary for informing readers. They are: the quality of content and its relevance, visual design of the site and providing feedback to users. The evaluation is supplemented by two unique criteria: “ensuring the information and psychological safety of children” and “communicative and speech qualities of the texts of book annotations”. The use of such a system in the analysis of online library services on the example of the Russian State Children’s Library and six regional and municipal children libraries has shown that, in general, information and advisory support in the field of children reading management successfully fulfills the task of forming a virtual library space. The main drawbacks of some websites identified are the risks associated with advertising banners and links to third-party resources containing information with the age limit “18+”
Competencies of a Bibliographer: Continuity of Development and Break Points
Authors: Redkina N. S.
Published: February 2022

The competence of librarians-bibliographers is a topical subject of discussion in the professional community, as well as the framework of the activities of international and national library associations. The dynamically changing external environment is influencing the changing role and requirements of librarians-bibliographers: from traditional custodians of knowledge to new ones – collaborators, research partners, promoters and data stewards. Within the framework of the III International Bibliographic Congress in 2021, a foresight session “Bibliographer’s Competences: Continuity of Development and Break Points” was held, the purpose of which was to build a model of the competencies of a modern bibliographer. The foresight session was based on the system of methods - expert assessment, moderation and facilitation of discussions, brainstorming, as well as a survey of specialists on the strategically important competencies of a modern bibliographer. The assessment of the results of the survey was formed on the basis of the skills constructor. It was built as a result of the analysis of educational standards, curricula, literature on the modern development of bibliographic activity and the competence of librarians. The assessment of the results was carried out according to the standard Likert scale of importance. The degree of competencies importance was considered in 4 blocks: 1) general professional and professional competences; 2) skills in analytical and synthetic information processing, 3) other “hard” skills of a bibliographer; 4) “soft” skills. Each block of the survey was completed with open questions, allowing respondents the indication of any competencies they think should be included. It was determined that the importance of the competencies of a bibliographer for libraries of different types is different, in this regard, the article presents the summary rating of the competencies of a bibliographer, as well as a comparative analysis of the importance of the competencies of a bibliographer working in libraries of different types (university / scientific and public).
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 29.01.2022 г. по 04.02.2022 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: February 2022

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19, за неделю с 29.01.2022 г. по 04.02.2022 г.
АНАЛИЗ РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТИ И СТРУКТУРЫ БЕССИМПТОМНОГО НОСИТЕЛЬСТВА SARS-COV2 У ПОДРОСТКОВ И ВЗРОСЛЫХ В ПЕРИОД ЭПИДЕМИЧЕСКОГО ПОДЪЕМА ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТИ COVID-19 В ЯНВАРЕ 2022 г.
Authors: Башкетова Наталия , Фридман Роман , Катаева Ирина , Шапарь Александр , Костина Марина , Журавлев Андрей , Пшеничная Наталья
Published: February 2022

РЕЗЮМЕ

Цель: провести анализ распространенности и структуры бессимптомного носительства SARS-CoV2 у студентов и преподавателей колледжей г.Санкт-Петербурга в период подъема заболеваемости COVID-19 в январе 2022.

Материалы и методы. В период с 25.01.2022 по 27.01.2022 проведен выборочный отбор проб из носоглотки и ротоглотки у 3 886 из 8 350 студентов и преподавателей 4-х колледжей, расположенных в разных районах г. Санкт-Петербурга. Обследуемый контингент не имел признаков ОРВИ и других симптомов, не исключающих COVID-19. Пробы исследовались ме-тодом ПЦР на РНК SARS-CoV2. Положительные пробы тестировали на мутации к вариантам «Омикрон» и «Дельта» с использованием лабораторной ПЦР-методики, разработанной ФБУН «НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера» Роспотребнадзора. Лабораторные исследования проводились на базе ФБУЗ «Центр гигиены и эпидемиологии в городе Санкт-Петербурге».

Результаты. Продемонстрирована высокая частота выявления бессимптомных позитивных по SARS-CoV2 лиц среди студентов и преподавателей образовательных учреждений г. Санкт-Петербурга в период подъема заболеваемости COVID-19, вызванного преобладающим вариантом «Омикрон». В среднем, у подростков в возрасте 14-17 лет частота как положительных проб (20,6%), так и удельный вес варианта «Омикрон» в позитивных пробах (51,7%) были значимо выше, чем у лиц в возрасте 18 лет и старше ( 10,1% и 33,1%, соответственно). Указанная закономерность прослеживалась во всех анализируемых образовательных учреждениях. Подростки в возрасте 14-17 лет статистически значимо, в 2,3 раза чаще, являлись бессимптомными носителями вируса, чем взрослые. Кроме того, подростки 14-17 лет значимо чаще (в 3,3 раза) были инфицированы вариантом “Омикрон”, по сравнению с когортой исследуемых лиц в возрасте 18 лет и старше. Отмечена значимая прямая корреляционная связь между увеличением числа тестируемых и вероятностью выявления бессимптомных носителей, в том числе, инфицированных вариантом «Омикрон».

Выводы: в период подъема заболеваемости COVID-19 в январе 2022 года отмечается высокая распространенность бессимптомного носительства вируса SARS-CoV2 среди студен-тов и преподавателей образовательных учреждений, расположенных в разных районах города. Подростки более чем в 2 раза чаще являются носителями SARS-CoV2 и более чем в 3 раза чаще носителями варианта «Омикрон», по сравнению со взрослыми. Это демонстрирует нецелесообразность обследования и изоляции контактных лиц, из числа учащихся и преподавателей образовательных учреждений, не имеющих клинических проявлений инфекции. Cохраняет актуальность обследование и изоляция лиц с симптомами заболевания, перевод лиц из групп риска на дистанционный режим работы или обучения. а также усиленный контроль за соблюдением мер неспецифической профилактики во всех общественных учреждениях.
Предварительный анализ генетической изменчивости изолятов вируса SARS-CoV-2, относящихся к варианту Омикрон, циркулирующих на территории Российской Федерации
Authors: Антонец Денис , Старчевская Мария , Колосова Наталья , Суслопаров Иван , Даниленко Алексей , Боднев Сергей , Швалов Александр , Трегубчак Татьяна , Рыжиков Александр , Пьянков Олег , Максютов Ринат
Published: February 2022

С момента начала пандемии COVID-19 в 2020 году в России наблюдалось пять волн циркуляции SARS-CoV-2. Наблюдалась быстрая эволюция SARS-CoV-2, которая привела к появлению новых вариантов вируса, которые последовательно сменялись более адаптированным вариантом. Вариант Омикрон, выявленный в ноябре 2021 года, быстро распространяется в мире и в России и вытесняет предыдущий вариант Дельта. Целью данного исследования было описание результатов мониторинга и проведение сравнительной генетической характеристики изолятов варианта Омикрон вируса SARS-CoV-2, выделенных в России и секвенированных во ФБУН ГНЦ ВБ “Вектор” Роспотребнадзора. Материалы и методы: в качестве материала для исследования использовали мазки из рото- и носоглотки, собранные Центрами Гигиены и Эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора. Секвенирование образцов с использованием Illumina Miseq. Биоинформатический анализ геномных данных проводился с помощью ряда программ, таких как FastQC (v.0.11.9), MAFFT (v.7.475), IQ-TREE, Pangolin (v.3.17), Minimap2 (v.2.17-r941), SnpEff (v.5.0e). Результаты и выводы: В работе было отсеквенировано и проанализировано 324 изолятов варианта Омикрон вируса SARS-CoV-2, выделенных в России в период с 13.12.2021 по 17.01.2022. Выделенные изоляты имели большинство основных характерных мутаций варианта Омикрон, включая 32 мутации в S-белке, которые могут быть ассоциированы с повышенной трансмиссивностью, уклонением от иммунного ответа и изменением тропизма и патогенности. Изоляты варианта Омикрон, выявленные в России, по основным генетическим маркерам сходны со штаммами, циркулирующими в мире, для которых было показано преимущество в заражении по сравнению с вариантом Дельта, снижение эффективности вакцин, но при этом, возможно, менее тяжелое течение заболевания. Вариант Омикрон на данное время считается опасным патогеном и необходимые меры предосторожности, профилактики и лечения являются актуальными на данном этапе пандемии.
Acerca del Espíritu Santo y la relación con la persona humana en Juan Escoto Eriúgena
Authors: Moreira Nicolás Ernesto
Published: February 2022

Juan Escoto Eriúgena, en su obra principal, el Periphyseon, reflexiona acerca de la importancia de la relación integradora entre el Creador y la Creación por la mediación del Espíritu que “corre”. Desde una lectura cristiana neoplatonizante por influencia de Dionisio, analiza en su diálogo el valor fundamental del alma humana y su conocimiento intelectivo en para el retorno de lo múltiple a la Unidad. El hombre como persona contiene los diversos rasgos esenciales de lo creado, y resuelve el retorno universal de Todo en Uno.
La atracción metafísica del hombre y su situación privativa en DM I de Suárez
Authors: Ivanoff Sabogal Christian
Published: February 2022

En el contexto de la metafísica de Suárez este estudio pone al descubierto el fenómeno tácito de la “inquietud” anímica cuando el hombre se encuentra privado del conocimiento de las primeras causas que es accesible en la metafísica. La fundamentación argumentativa del fenómeno se sustenta sistemáticamente a partir de la revisión interpretativa que realiza Suárez en Disputationes Metaphysicae I, Sección VI, números 1-15 sobre la primera frase de la Metafísica de Aristóteles, a la que traduce y comprende según su verdadero sentido como “es innato al hombre el apetito natural de ciencia” y, más específicamente, de metafísica, cuyo entrelazamiento constitutivo con el hombre se basa en la esencia humana en cuanto animal racional. Dado que la suprema perfección y felicidad humana aquí y ahora estriba en la realización de la metafísica, su privación conlleva y explica el afloramiento de una “inquietud” autorreferencial en el hombre.
La voix des « indigènes », ou comment rendre audible des voix rendues muettes. Sociolinguistique dans les archives coloniales
Authors: Van den Avenne Cécile
Published: February 2022

Les archives coloniales laissent entendre davantage les voix des colonisateurs que celles des colonisés. Le propos de cet article, est, à partir de l’analyse de documents précis, exemplifiant par-là la démarche proposée, de mettre à jour deux processus inverses : celui, d’une part, qui a pu rendre inaudibles la parole « indigène » dans les archives produites par des acteurs européens ; et la manière, en retour, dont certains acteurs africains ont tâché de regagner en agentivité en rendant audible leur voix.
Caracterización del riesgo de inundación en la ordenación del territorio: avances y retos para la incorporación de la vulnerabilidad
Authors: Vargas Molina Jesús , Cánovas García Fulgencio
Published: February 2022

La ordenación del territorio, como medida no estructural para la reducción del riesgo de inundación necesita incorporar los avances sobre el conocimiento, la caracterización y la cartografía del riesgo de inundación en los instrumentos de ordenación territorial a las escalas adecuadas. Este trabajo aborda una investigación sobre la caracterización y el tratamiento del riesgo de inundación en la ordenación del territorio en España, que incluye un análisis secuenciado sobre los aspectos normativos (competencias, atribuciones y jerarquías para la caracterización del riesgo de inundación entre planificación sectorial y ordenación del territorio), metodológicos (avances y retos en la caracterización del riesgo de inundación) y de aplicación (cómo estos avances se trasladan (o no) en la práctica a los instrumentos de ordenación del territorio). Los resultados muestran como la consideración del riesgo va ganando protagonismo en la ordenación del territorio, sin embargo, la caracterización y el uso de cartografía todavía plantea retos importantes, especialmente en relación con la competente del riesgo ligada a la vulnerabilidad, que limita su potencial como medida no estructural de reducción del riesgo de inundación.
Effect of biofilmed biofertilizers on potato yield through induced soil -plant interaction
Authors: Henagamage Amila. P.
Published: February 2022

The current study aimed at developing and examining biofilmed biofertilizers (BFBFs) as an ameliorator for potato cultivation by enhancing soil-plant interaction. Fungal-bacterial biofilms (FBBs), the main ingredient of the BFBFs were developed using soil microorganisms and were screened for their efficacy. The best BFBF coupled with chemical fertilizers (CF) were evaluated for potato yield response and soil amelioration using two field experiments conducted (two seasons) under two different climatic conditions. Results showed that the 50CB treatment significantly (P < 0.05) increased tuber yield at both field sites in both seasons compared to the full recommended CF (100C). The treatment 50CB showed significant (P < 0.05) improvement in soil chemical properties; soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), available phosphorus (available P) and available calcium (Ca2+) in comparison with the 100C at both sites. However, 50CB did not show any significant difference in available nitrogen (available N) and available potassium (K+ ) in comparison with 100C. Further, internal biochemical properties of potato plant, e.g., chlorophyll content, stem sucrose content and tuber starch content were significantly (P < 0.05) improved by the 50CB. In addition, significant (P < 0.05) correlations were observed among soil pH, Ca2+, tuber starch and chlorophyll contents in the 50CB. Thus, it can be concluded that the enhanced soil chemical properties in the rhizosphere , i.e., pH, available Ca2+ and K+ , SOC, available P, available N from BFBF induced signals improved plant internal biochemical processes, thus leading to the increased potato yield. The BFBF (150 mL/plant) reduced the CF application by 50% and this is an enormous environmental and economic gain to improve soil health and potato production.
Reverse design and analysis of gear five-bar planting mechanism based on agronomic requirement
Authors: Hongzhen Xu
Published: February 2022

As crops have different agricultural requirements in pot seedling and the parameters of the planting mechanism need to be repeatedly designed, this paper proposed a reverse design method for the classic gear five-bar planting mechanism based on the agronomic requirements for pot seedling planting. The mathematical model of the planting trajectory of the geared fivebar planting mechanism was constructed through homogeneous coordinate transformation method,; the conditions for the geared five-bar planting mechanism to achieve zero-speed planting were: the gear ratio of the gear pair is -2, and the difference in length between the planetary gear rod and the sun gear rod is equal to the ratio of the planting distance to 2π. Based on the agronomic parameters of pot seedlings (planting depth, planting distance), the parameters of the geared five-bar mechanism were reversed to realize the reverse design of the geared five-bar planting mechanism. Field test results: the average planting depth of tomato pot seedlings is 47mm, the planting distance is 203mm, and the uprightness of pot seedlings is 97.5%, which meets the agronomic requirements of planting tomato pot seedlings. Therefore, the proposed reverse design method of geared five-bar planting mechanism based on agronomic requirements can solve the problem of repeated design of planting mechanism due to different agricultural parameters of most crops, which can greatly reduce the workload of designing various crop planting mechanisms
REBOA and its effect on hemodynamics and cerebral blood flow as measured by CTP in a large animal model of raised intracranial pressure and hemorrhagic shock.
Authors: Edwards Joseph , Elansary Noha , Stonko David P , Abdou Hossam , Lang Eric , Treffalls Rebecca N , Savidge Samuel G , Morrison Jonathan J
Published: February 2022

Hemorrhage is among the leading causes of preventable deaths in trauma. Further traumatic brain injury (TBI) often present in a polytrauma patient, and is known to worsen outcomes when present with non compressible torso hemorrhage (NCTH). Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) has been developed as a means of hemorrhage control and afterload increase during a state of hemorrhagic shock, but its use in patients with both hemorrhagic shock and concomitant TBI is controversial, as the potential for ischemia reperfusion injury and acute hypertension may cause intracranial lesion progression. To date, there is limited data on how REBOA alters hemodynamics in a model of hemorrhagic shock and brain injury resulting in raised intracranial pressure. The goal of the current study is to define how full REBOA and partial REBOA alter systemic and cerebral hemodynamics in a porcine model of TBI with raised ICP with concomitant hemorrhagic shock. This will be examined throughout the intervention and for 3 hours of resuscitation. It will be evaluated with hemodynamic, laboratory, and radiographic assessments.
Localization of cortical TMS effects and accurate motor threshold determination
Authors: Weise Konstantin , Numssen Ole , Kalloch Benjamin , Zier Anna Leah , Thielscher Axel , Hartwigsen Gesa , Knösche Thomas R.
Published: February 2022

We describe a routine to precisely localize cortical muscle representations within the primary motor cortex with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). This allows for an accurate and experimenter-independent determination of motor thresholds and enables TMS dosing based on individual field thresholds. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) for different coil positions/orientations are combined with electric field modelling. Compared to previous approaches this routine exploits the causal nature of neuronal activation functions to pinpoint MEPs to their cortical origin.After constructing an individual head model, MEPs are recorded, and the induced electric fields computed. Subsequently, the cortical muscle representations are automatically determined by relating the induced fields to MEPs. Finally, the coil position to optimally assess the motor threshold is identified.The protocol requires one day of preparation, one TMS session (2h), 12h post-processing, and a second TMS session (0.5h). A basic level of expertise and standard TMS neuronavigation equipment suffices.
Analyzing the Breakthrough of COVID-19 infection Incidence Rate, Severity and Mortality among the COVID-19 Vaccinated Population of West Bengal, India
Authors: Mukherjee Dattatreya , Dhara Bikram , Basu Riddhi , Rozario Prapti Victoria , Dudhraj Vibhor , Mukhopadhyay Debraj , Roy Sayan , Roy Ishita , Mitra Arup Kumar
Published: February 2022

World is facing the pandemicity of COVID 19. There are various types of mutations occurring in the genomics of SARS-Cov 2. COVID 19 vaccination has been already started. Common Vaccines are Pfizer, Moderna, Jassen, Sinovac, Covidshield, Covaxin, Sputnik V. In India, Covidshield and Covaxin have been majorly administered. Some people have taken Sputnik V also. We have proposed a Protocol of Analyzing the Breakthrough of COVID 19 infection Incidence Rate, Severity and Mortality among the COVID 19 Vaccinated Population of West Bengal, India and a State of the Art Systematic Review on using mask as a preventive measure against COVID 19 pandemic. This study will help to analyze the vaccine effectiveness and duration of effectiveness among the population of West Bengal. The systematic analysis of using mask will give a broader picture towards protective measures against COVID 19
The Expression of miR-153-3p Regulates the Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Targeting RUNX2
Authors: Ma Rong , Miao Junyi , Fang Shuwen , Ji Mufan , yi Xin , Zhang Xinhua
Published: February 2022

Background
Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) plays a key role in the osteogenic differentiation. The study aimed to explore the effect of miR-153-3p on the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) and confirm its targeting effect on RUNX2.
Results
During the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs, the expression of miR-153-3p decreased at 1 d and reached a low peak at 3 d. After miR-153-3p mimic or inhibitor transfection, miRNA-153-3p expression level of hBMSCs dramatically increased or decreased, but the cell viability and proliferation ability were not notably changed. After miR-153-3p inhibitor transfection, the osteogenic differentiation was notably promoted which was confirmed with Alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and Western blot for RUNX2 and Collagen I, while miR-153-3p mimic transfection, the osteogenic differentiation was notably suppressed. The result of luciferase reporter gene experiment verified that RUNX2 was the target gene of miR-153-3p.
Conclusion
The results of this study indicate that the expression of miR-153-3p regulates the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs by targeting RUNX2.
Changes In R-wave Amplitude At Implantation Are Associated With Gender and Postures: Observations From The Confirm Rx™ Body Posture and Physical Activity Study
Authors: Swale Matthew , Paul Vincent , Delacroix Sinny , Young Glenn , McSpadden Luke , Ryu Kyungmoo , Fiore David Di , Santos Maria , Tan Isabel , Conradie Andre , Duong MyNgan , Schwarz Nisha , Worthley Stephen , Pavia Stephen
Published: February 2022

Background: Insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) are small subcutaneously implanted devices that detect changes in R-wave amplitudes (RWAs), effective in arrhythmia-monitoring. Although ICMs have proven to be immensely successful, there is a growing need to sustain and increase efficacy in detection rates irrespective of changes in body postures and activities. Methods: RWAs were measured in 15 separate postures, including supine, lying on the right-side (RS) or left-side (LS) and sitting, immediately after implantation of Confirm Rx™ ICM in 99 patients. Results: The patients (53 females and 46 males, mean ages 66.62±14.7 and 66.40±12.25 years, respectively) had attenuated RWAs in RS, LS and sitting by ~26.4%, ~27.8% and ~21.2% respectively, compared to supine. Gender-based analysis indicated RWAs in RS (0.32mV (0.09-1.03mV), p<0.0001) and LS (0.37mV (0.11-1.03mV), p=0.004) to be significantly attenuated compared to supine (0.52mV(0.20-1.03mV) for female participants. Similar attenuation was not evident for male participants. Further, parasternally oriented ICMs (n=44), attenuated RWAs in RS (0.37mV(0.09-1.03mV), p=0.05) and LS (0.34mV (0.11-1.03mV), p=0.02) compared to supine (0.48mV (0.09-1.03mV). Similar differences were not observed in participants with ICMs in the 45°-relative-to-sternum (n=46) orientation. When assessing the combined effect of gender and ICM orientation, female participants demonstrated plausible attenuation in RWAs for RS and LS postures compared to supine, an effect not observed in male participants.Conclusion: This is the first known study to evaluate effects of body postures and activities on RWAs immediately post-implantation with an ICM. Future work assessing the cause of gender-based differences in RWAs may be critical.Trial registration: Clinical Trials, NCT03803969. Registered 15 January 2019 – Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/NCT03803969
Consensus on a Standardised Treatment Pathway Algorithm for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: an International Delphi Study
Authors: Comer Christine , DC Carlo Ammendolia , Battié Michele C. , Bussières André , Fairbank Jeremy , Haig Andrew , Melloh Markus , Redmond Anthony , Schneider Michael J. , Standaert Christopher J. , Tomkins-Lane Christy , Williamson Esther , Wong Arnold YL.
Published: February 2022

Background Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common degenerative spinal condition in older adults associated with disability, diminished quality of life, and substantial healthcare costs. Individual symptoms and needs vary. With sparse and sometimes inconsistent evidence to guide clinical decision-making, variable clinical care may lead to unsatisfactory patient outcomes and inefficient use of healthcare resources.Methods A three-phase modified Delphi study comprising four consensus rounds was conducted on behalf of the International Taskforce for the Diagnosis and Management of LSS to develop a treatment algorithm based on multi-professional international expert consensus. Participants with expertise in the assessment and management of people with LSS were invited using an international distribution process used for two previous Delphi studies led by the Taskforce. Separate treatment pathways for patients with different symptom types and severity were developed and incorporated into a proposed treatment algorithm through consensus rounds 1 to 3. Agreement with the proposed algorithm was evaluated in the final consensus round.Results The final algorithm combines stratified and stepped approaches. When indicated, immediate investigation and surgery is advocated. Otherwise, a stepped approach is suggested when self-directed care is unsatisfactory. This starts with tailored rehabilitation, then more complex multidisciplinary care, investigations and surgery options if needed. Treatment options in each step depend on clinical phenotype and symptom severity. Treatment response guides pathway entrance and exit points. Of 397 study participants, 86% rated their agreement >4 for the proposed algorithm on a 0-6 scale, of which 22% completely agreed. Only 7% disagreed. Over 70% of participants felt that the algorithm would be useful for clinicians in public healthcare (both primary care and specialist settings) and in private healthcare settings, and that a simplified version would help patients in shared decision-making.Conclusions International and multi-professional agreement was achieved for a proposed LSS treatment algorithm developed through expert consensus. The algorithm advocates different pathway options depending on clinical indications. It is not intended as a treatment protocol and will require evaluation against current care for clinical and cost-effectiveness. It may, however, serve as a clinical guide until evidence is sufficient to inform a fully stratified care model.