bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Potential of Gestures for Controlling Doors and Windows in Smart Homes
Authors: Görmez Sinem , Röcker Carsten
Published: June 2023

This paper explores the potential of gesture interaction as an alternative control concept for doors, windows and sliding systems in smart homes. In a first step, a technical prototype was built that enables to open and close door and window elements with a hand-swiping gesture. In a second step, a user study with N = 95 participants was conducted to explore the perceived usefulness of the developed solution using a questionnaire with 24 items. The results showed that 78 percent of the participants liked the concept of contactless gesture control of doors, windows and sliding systems. The reluctance of the remaining group could be traced back to a missing experience with smart control concepts (e.g., voice assistants) (t-test: Spearman’s rs = .27, p = .044) and the belief that gestures are hard to remember (chi-square test: α < .01, p = .007). The study also confirmed that the implemented control concept and gestures were perceived as natural and intuitively understandable.
A Systematic Review of Smart Building Acceptance Based on User Experience
Authors: Xu Lina
Published: June 2023

As emerging technologies broaden the field of architectural design, traditional buildings are unable to meet the diverse needs of different groups, and smart buildings have become the future direction of architectural development. Despite this, the focus of the community is still on the development of smart technology, ignoring the user experience. As awareness of building response increases, research in this area is a key gap in how to improve the acceptance of smart buildings by different groups of people. This paper classifies and evaluates research on user experience-based acceptance of smart buildings based on a systematic review using the web of science core collection database based on the existing literature on this topic of research. Two directions are addressed in this review to better answer the questions and objectives of this study. The first review of the theoretical foundations of innovation is conducted in terms of the logic that user experience influences acceptance, mainly user experience theory, emotional design theory, and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. Secondly, based on the theory of affective design, three levels of practical design of smart building interaction experiences are reviewed, the visceral layer (visual and voice interaction), the behavioural layer (gesture, behaviour interaction) and the reflective layer (emotion interaction). This review provides a theoretical framework for the study of user experience influencing acceptance, summarises the classification of interactive experiences that improve user experience, and suggests recommendations and directions for future research on smart buildings. It is found that user experience-centred smart buildings can improve the quality of life of users, leading to increased acceptance and continued adoption for sustainable living.
Maladaptive Behaviour in Phishing Susceptibility: How Email Context Influences the Impact of Persuasion Techniques
Authors: Raywood-Burke George , Jones Dylan , Morgan Phillip
Published: June 2023

With over 80-90% of cyber incidents occurring in businesses and home settings often due to human errors in decision making (CybSafe, 2020; World Economic Forum, 2022; Verizon, 2022), a human-centric approach to cyber-security is needed to understand mechanisms behind maladaptive behaviours. One key area is susceptibility to phishing emails. Whilst some have investigated the success of different persuasion techniques in phishing susceptibility – most notably use of authority, urgency, and scarcity – less is known about how the wider context of the email (e.g., financial vs a work-related event) could influence the success of such techniques. The current paper presents initial findings from a repeated measures experiment where 271 participants included in the final analysis, recruited via Prolific (2022), judged whether they would or would not respond to presented email content containing a range of contexts and persuasion techniques. Diverging from previous research, participants were not necessarily more likely on average to respond to emails containing a persuasion technique, with large differences in persuasion success greatly depending upon the email context – with the proportion of response likelihood varying from 13.3% to 87.5% of participants choosing to respond. From this, not only do we demonstrate the successful impact of the main persuasion techniques and email context combinations upon phishing, but how overreliance on available information can bias individuals to engage in maladaptive cyber security behaviours.
Using Security Metrics to Determine Security Program Effectiveness
Authors: Mishra Satyam , Thao Vi Phung , Minh Phuc Vu , Oni Damilola , Van Tanh Nguyen
Published: June 2023

Security objectives serve as the foundation for security metrics, which are used to guide decisions on how to increase the security of all parts engaged in providing services and processing data. Numerous data breaches are re-vealed each week, some of which may have affected tens or even hundreds of millions of people. Customers and regulators are both becoming more concerned about firms' information security procedures and their plans for preventing security breaches and protecting sensitive data. As a result, sever-al laws and regulations have been enacted to enhance cybersecurity risk management and to protect personal information that may be held or trans-mitted among businesses. The majority of these industry-specific and general data protection laws are complex, requiring ongoing oversight to maintain compliance throughout your business and the companies of your vendors. To gauge the effectiveness of and involvement in the usage of security con-trols, it is crucial to define a set of security metrics. A carefully defined set of metrics will help direct future security decisions and strengthen your or-ganization's security posture. In our study, we proposed to review security metrics to determine security program effectiveness for a company which is fictional for the scope of study. Firstly, we defined security metrics and their key indicators successfully. We discussed different scenarios for Trivest Technologies Limited company, which is fictional, we just used it for our scope of study. We successfully discussed, developed, and used KPIs, KRIs and KGIs; which are security metrics for the Trivest Technologies Limited company, and we found out that these security metrics help us determine the security program effectiveness for a company successfully. By implementation of its successful results, it also aligns with one of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals i.e., 8th: Decent work and Economic Growth.
Enhancing practical cybersecurity skills: The ECSF and the CyberSecPro European efforts
Authors: Polemi Nineta , Kioskli Kitty
Published: June 2023

The accelerated digitalization of all business and industrial sectors (transport, government, health, finance manufacturing) will increase the number, complexity and scale of cybersecurity incidents and their impact on the economy and society. The digital transformation imposes Higher Education Institutions and training providers to enhance their role in preparing the new generation of workforce that will have the capabilities and skills to address the upcoming digital challenges. Training providers need to become the enablers of the digital transformation with the capacity to accommodate different skills needed by the market, to a variety of training specializations. Fostering collaboration with the private sector can be effective in attracting the necessary funding, state-of-the-art technological training tools needed and real-life based training material. In this paper, we describe two recent efforts coming from the European Union targeting to close the gap between the available cybersecurity training and cybersecurity marketing demands, and further analyse the human factors involved in these efforts.
Ground Effect on a Landing Platform for an Unmanned Aerodynamic System
Authors: Tardaguila Bruno , Claus Stijn , Martínez Herrero Manuel , De Wulf Jolien , Nagels Louis , Verwulgen Stijn
Published: June 2023

The ground effect is a phenomenon that takes place when an air vehicle is flying or hovering in vicinity of another surface, as this alters the airflow. Ground effect impacts inter alia flight stability which is a negative factor when landing. In this research we investigated a landing platform with a grid surface for a drone. 4 different textures for a landing platform were tested, a solid surface, a grid surface with hexagon cut-outs hovering in the air and the same grid with a solid surface 6cm below. We compared the vertical trust data of these to no surface within ground effect distance. The grid surface hovering in the air proved to have a 13% reduction of ground effect compared to the solid surface. While using the grid surface it is important to keep the distance of an underlying solid surface in mind. If the surface below the grid was too close, the positive effect was greatly reduced, making it no longer a preferable option to a solid surface. Therefore additionally, the minimal distance between the grid and the surface below was checked, for the second surface to be of no influence. This being 2 times the diameter of the rotor. This research shows potential for a grid surfaced landing platform, however due to stability issues while testing, further research on this topic is required.
Using EAST to inform Systems Architecture Design: Considerations relating to the use of UAVs in Search and Rescue missions
Authors: Steane Victoria , Hart Sophie , Oakes Jemma , Palmer Samson , Chattington Mark
Published: June 2023

There has been much interest in the use of Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to support and extend missions within the Search and Rescue (SAR) space. However, detecting a human in the wilderness is a particularly challenging task. In the future, fitment of automated image classification aids may support UAV teams in correctly identifying targets within the environment thereby providing greater levels of support to ground search teams. The impact of such technology on the wider sociotechnical system however needs to be understood. This is because increasing the level of automation within a system can lead to degraded situation awareness, inappropriate calibration of trust and issues relating to complacency and technology overreliance. Within a SAR context, performance issues such as these could have disastrous consequences. In order to ensure systems are designed and integrated appropriately, it is essential that operator tasks are understood and that wider interactions are considered. This paper uses the Event Analysis of Systemic Teamwork (EAST) framework to sharpen the questions surrounding anticipated user and task requirements for UAV equipped SAR missions. A series of interviews with active members of Mountain Rescue teams across the United Kingdom were conducted using a condensed version of the Schema Action World (SAW) taxonomy. The subsequent analysis and network representations afforded by EAST appear to provide a platform in which the human view of the system can be investigated with a number of design recommendations proposed.
AI Trust Framework and Maturity Model: Improving Metrics for Evaluating Security & Trust in Autonomous Human Machine Teams & Systems
Authors: Mylrea Michael , Robinson Nikki
Published: June 2023

The following article develops an AI Trust Framework and Maturity Model (AI-TFMM) to improve trust in AI technologies used by Autonomous Human Machine Teams & Systems (A-HMT-S). The framework establishes a methodology to improve quantification of trust in AI technologies. Key areas of exploration include security, privacy, explainability, transparency and other requirements for AI technologies to be ethical in their development and application. A maturity model framework approach to measuring trust is applied to improve gaps in quantifying trust and associated metrics of evaluation. Finding the right balance between performance, governance and ethics also raises several critical questions on AI technology and trust. Research examines methods needed to develop an AI-TFMM. Validation tests of the framework are run and analyzed against the popular AI technology (Chat GPT). OpenAI's GPT, which stands for "Generative Pre-training Transformer," is a deep learning language model that can generate human-like text by predicting the next word in a sequence based on a given prompt. ChatGPT is a version of GPT that is tailored for conversation and dialogue, and it has been trained on a dataset of human conversations to generate responses that are coherent and relevant to the context. The article concludes with results and conclusions from testing the AI Trust Framework and Maturity Model (AI-TFMM) applied to AI technology. Based on these findings, this paper highlights gaps that could be filled with future research to improve the accuracy, efficacy, application, and methodology of the AI-TFMM.
Value-driven architecture enabling new interaction models in Society 5.0
Authors: Koumpan Elizabeth , Topol Anna
Published: June 2023

Industries are struggling to deliver the information and insights required for top performance. They also need to invest in developing new knowledge to create a foundation of trusted data necessary for the cognitive business. However more change is coming, as we envisioned Society 5.0, new interaction models will be generated, enabling a move to connected industry ecosystems supported by value-driven architecture akin to the next generation of society-centric internet. Society 5.0 trends will cause a shift from the output-based business model focused on buy/sell/own for-profit interaction to the impact-based model. The new model will be a personalized and purpose-led service involving ecosystem participants from multiple industries and drive higher incomes for participants and additional business while decreasing the cost of acquiring customers. Trust and human centricity of that model will lead to advancements in :· Ethics, Impact & Purpose - open, trusted, peer-endorsed services and products.· Decentralization of Power - more loosely coupled ecosystems where ecosystem leaders release more power to participants to fuel the “network” effect.· Data Democratization - bring your data, data used for social and sustainable innovation.· Connected Cyber/Physical Society -the instrumentation of the physical world with IoT and Edge Computing.· New data sources and standards will combine existing data sets with new ones to set the foundation for contextual computing and highly adaptive cyber-physical systems for many industries· Resiliency by design - a guiding design principle that is not only a technology requirement but also a business imperative that will create opportunities for new entities like “Group Formed Networks” based on shared interests. In this paper, we focus on a solution tackling Society 5.0 problems based on a globally scalable platform that is trusted to preserve individuals’ and businesses’ privacy and confidentiality while using the data to create value alongside social and individual good—simply providing value while maintaining values. We will describe innovative architecture at both a societal and a technical level, resting on a logical framework in which several technology components interact to provide value to society. We address the industry dynamics of Society 5.0, tracking new business trends and drivers influencing social infrastructure, societal engagement, cohesion, and new value creation. We define the building blocks required to support a Society 5 ecosystem solution in the future, in alignment with new business models to promote economic development and solve social issues.
The Removal of Irrelevant Human Factors in a Multi-Review Corpus through Text Filtering
Authors: Moody Aaron , Spurling Makenzie , Hu Chenyi
Published: June 2023

Generating a high-quality explainable summary of a multi-review corpus can help people save time in reading the reviews. With natural language processing and text clustering, people can generate both abstractive and extractive summaries on a corpus containing up to 967 product reviews (Moody et al. 2022). However, the overall quality of the summaries needs further improvement. Noticing that online reviews in the corpus come from a diverse population, we take an approach of removing irrelevant human factors through pre-processing. Apply available pre-trained models together with reference based and reference free metrics, we filter out noise in each review automatically prior to summary generation. Our computational experiments evident that one may significantly improve the overall quality of an explainable summary from such a pre-processed corpus than from the original one. It is suggested of applying available high-quality pre-trained tools to filter noises rather than start from scratch. Although this work is on the specific multi-review corpus, the methods and conclusions should be helpful for generating summaries for other multi-review corpora.
Improving Internet Advertising Using Click – Through Rate Prediction
Authors: Gudipudi Rakesh , Nguyen Sandra , Bein Doina , Kurwadkar Sudarshan
Published: June 2023

Online advertising is a billion-dollar industry, with many companies choosing online websites and various social media platforms to promote their products. The primary concerns in online marketing are to optimize the performance of a digital advert, reach the right audience, and maximize revenue, which can be achieved by predicting the accurate probability of a given ad being clicked, called the Click-Through Rate. It is assumed that a high CTR depicts the ad reaching its target customers while a low CTR shows that it is not reaching its desired audience, which may constitute a low return on investment (ROI). We propose a data-science-driven approach to help businesses improve their internet advertising campaigns which involves building various machine learning models to accurately predict the CTR and selecting the best-performing model. To build our classification models, we use the Avazu dataset, publicly available on the Kaggle website. Having insights on this metric will allow companies to compete in real-time bidding, gauge how relevant their keywords are in search engine querying, and mitigate an unexpected loss in spending budget. The authors in this paper strive to use modern machine learning tools and techniques to improve the performance of predicting Click-Through Rate (CTR) in online advertisements and bring change to the industry.
Crowdsourcing for Second Language Learning
Authors: Abounegm Abdelrahman , Askarbekuly Nursultan , Magomedov Magomed , Mazzara Manuel
Published: June 2023

This work implements language acquisition and crowdsourcing techniques in a unique combination to aid with second language learning. It allows users to contribute linguistic assets, while other users vote on the quality of the assets. The system’s goal is to provide a social platform for learning and contributing to underrepresented languages. The authors establish quality attributes for the system, namely: usability, scalability, security, and portability. The resulting system is tested against these quality attributes using quality scenarios and usability testing. The implemented system is shown to possess the quality of security, scalability, and portability. Usability testing highlights the importance of user interface for crowdsourcing systems and shows possible interface improvements.
Using Fuzzy Theory to Analyze Delivery Platforms Using Foodpanda as an Example
Authors: Liu Shuo-Fang , Wu Chien-Ting
Published: June 2023

With the development of e-commerce in recent years and the changing habits of consumers, delivery platforms have emerged, and businesses in food, clothing, housing and transportation are gradually collaborating with platforms to provide services that meet the needs of today's consumers. Many delivery platforms have emerged in response to this trend, and many food and beverage businesses have partnered with delivery platforms to expand their market size. Therefore, a fuzzy theory approach is used to help Foodpanda analyze user satisfaction to help companies make decisions in the future.
Optimization of turbine generator through vibration damping for maximum service life in power plants
Authors: Vusmuzi Mashego Steven , Laseinde Timothy
Published: June 2023

Power plant condition monitoring data is essential in identifying unscheduled maintenance needs. The data obtained from monitoring the condition of a power plant over numerous years of operation indicates that the primary reason for the failure of turbo generators due to vibrations is the misalignment of the turbine centreline. It is crucial to identify problems with steam turbines to prevent load losses and boost the operational reliability of a turbo generator. This paper presents the vibrational characteristics of a 500 MW turbo generator and the performance boost attained through optimized turbine maintenance. Shaft relative vibrations were analyzed at run-up at 500 rpm with no load and at 3000 rpm with approximately 420 MW. The study found that the highest absolute pedestal vibration levels were reduced by 8.5% as a result of maintenance optimization.
Exploring use cases and user perception of a proactive voice assistant in automated vehicles
Authors: Mathis Lesley-Ann , Werner Kathrin , Widlroither Harald
Published: June 2023

Future development of in-vehicle voice assistants (VA) aims at more adaptive and interactive interaction with users. One focus area is the development of proactive behaviour of VA. With the changing role from driver to passenger in increasingly automated vehicles, new opportunities for interactions with assistants in the car arise. However, potential use cases for proactive VA in automated vehicles have not been investigated so far. We present our approach to brainstorm and prioritize use cases for a proactive VA based on a specific persona and user journey, involving experts and users. Secondly, we present user’s assessment and reflections on the prioritized use cases after experiencing them in a driving simulator study. The findings show that especially office-work related use cases that enable an efficient use of the ride time or offers contributing to user’s well-being receive high acceptance from users. The analysis of the qualitative feedback highlights that for a proactive VA adaptivity to the user’s behaviour and non-intrusive formulation of suggestions and questions is important. The study provides a starting point to investigate proactive behaviour of in-vehicle VA in more detail. The proposed approach for use case derivation can also be applied to other personas or different application domains of VA.
Proving ground evaluation of enhanced ADAS: context understanding ADAS
Authors: Rizgary Daban , Strand Niklas , Andersson Jonas
Published: June 2023

Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) are developed to increase safety and provide a more efficient and comfortable experience when traveling by car. ADAS are reliant upon sensors to provide the intended assistance for the driver, and the driver is reliant upon an HMI interface to interact with the feature at hand. A prototype ADAS, including a human machine interface (HMI) and enhanced ADAS functionality, was developed and then evaluated on proving ground. The purpose of the study was to evaluate how the enhanced ADAS performed as compared to baseline in terms of trust, acceptance, efficiency, and perceived situation awareness. The evaluation of the full prototype was conducted with 24 participants (13 men and 11 women) who drove a Lincoln MKZ equipped with longitudinal and lateral ADAS support (SAE Level 2) at the AstaZero proving ground facilities in Sweden. In total the participants drove four laps (familiarization lap, baseline lap, gaze-related functionality lap, active ADAS functionality lap) on the proving ground. The gaze-related functionalities tracked the gaze to assure blind spot gaze and correct turning gaze behavior and provided support for this. The active ADAS functionalities included that the system was able to override the time gap setting of the longitudinal control system to provide the driver with more time to react as the feature was triggered in the presence of driver distraction, as well as a system that alerted the driver about upcoming situations in which the longitudinal and lateral assist systems were unable to support the driver due to exceeding of the operational design domain (ODD). Gaze-related functionalities were associated with a significant increase in usefulness and satisfaction compared to baseline, and active ADAS functionalities were associated with a significant increase in satisfaction compared to baseline.
Communication of intent among drivers: does it deteriorate with age?
Authors: Portouli Evangelia , Nathanael Dimitris , Marmaras Nicolas
Published: June 2023

Interactions among drivers of neighbouring vehicles, aiming to communicate intent and agree on a safe motion plan, are a crucial component of driving activity. Empirical evidence from on-road, video-assisted observations and analysis of parallel commentaries by twenty-two experienced drivers show that the performance of older drivers (mean age 72.8 years) as regards interactions relevant to lane changes was similar to that of younger drivers (mean age 36.3 years). No difference was found in trip duration, number of lane changes, frequency and type of cues signifying intent to change lane and frequency of perceiving such cues. This may be an indication that the interpretation of traffic events, once acquired, does not loose in significance with age. Still, older drivers reacted less often after a cue signifying lane change intent although there was no difference in the perception of cues. Older drivers may adopt a more defensive driving strategy so that they do not need to adjust their driving, having found ways to compensate for their possible performance deterioration due to age.
Ergonomic evaluation involved in an eVTOL vehicle design process for the application of future transport operations in urban ecosystems
Authors: Julián García Upb- , Munoz Pelaez Sebastian , Alvarado Pablo
Published: June 2023

As the global population grows every year, urban terrestrial transportation is becoming severely challenged by mobility problems. Because of this phenomenon, an increased interest in electric aerial vehicles adapted for operation in urban environments presents itself as one of the best solutions among urban developers and big aerospace companies. This trend represents a considerable solution to increased congestion, delays, accidents, and environmental problems. With the foreseen apparition of said vehicles in the global market and the development of concepts of operation that promote the emergence of urban air mobility (UAM) ecosystems, there arises a need to study the design factors associated with electrical Vertical Takeoff and Landing (eVTOL) aircraft. In this process, ergonomics plays a significant role in the daily use of the vehicle and its interfaces with the end user. This study aims to evaluate what a proper cockpit arrangement would be for a personal eVTOL aircraft from an ergonomics standpoint. It achieves this by identifying several factors regarding pilot posture, comfort, safety, and general interaction with the vehicle (flight controls and instrument panel) and, with the design and construction of a testing rig, to recreate a single-seat eVTOL aircraft cockpit. Known methodologies based on postural analysis methods are used to determine how this affects pilot performance and flight safety and define the preliminary cockpit geometries before subject trials. Testing is conducted on the model with the use of test subjects with varied anthropometric measurements spanning the expected percentile range for the operation, and with this performing a validation of the human joints’ comfortable angles biases digital human models with computer simulation software. Additionally, a modified Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ) was conducted to suit operating conditions in these vehicles better, and the results obtained were used as constant feedback from the test subjects to adjust the testing rig properly. The outcome of this is a proposed arrangement for a single-seat cockpit for an eVTOL aircraft with specific dimensions, which can accommodate a considerable range of differently sized people to make the vehicles as accessible, comfortable, and safe as possible from an ergonomics perspective.
Simulation Study of Human Input Devices in a Variable Gravity Environment for Commercial Space Transportation
Authors: Momose Kazuhiko , Weekes Troy , Eskridge Thomas
Published: June 2023

Commercial spaceflight is an exciting and rapidly growing segment of the space industry. Recent accomplishments by private companies taking non-professional astronauts into space have added additional momentum to the growth of the Commercial Space Transportation (CST) industry. It is expected that increasing numbers of private individuals will participate in commercial orbital and sub-orbital human spaceflight activities as Spaceflight Participants (SFPs). In several circumstances, the SFPs will be launched without the assistance and supervision of professional crew, requiring the SFPs to be able to manage their own safety and emergency procedures. To ensure SFPs’ safety, it is imperative to understand the unique effects of the spaceflight environment, particularly the effects of microgravity on the physio-cognitive capability of SFPs. The goal of this study is to develop general CST design guidelines for control input devices usable in variable gravity with or without a spacesuit. To accomplish this, we conducted an experiment to identify the best physio-cognitive control input logic and mechanisms for human operators in a variable gravity environment. The physiological effects of microgravity were produced by reclining participants in a Head-Down-Tilt (HDT) posture, using the Adaptive Spaceship Cockpit Simulator (ASCS). Participants were asked to perform a Fitt’s target selection task where the size and distance of a target were varied to produce different levels of target selection difficulty according to Fitt’s Law. We tested 27 participants in shirtsleeves in both the upright and HDT conditions using four input devices: (i) a touchpad, (ii) a touchscreen, (iii) a joystick, and (iv) a numpad. We investigated the accuracy of the target selection and response time across the four input devices in the two orientations. The experimental data indicated a significant difference in the target selection performance, and the touchscreen produced significantly more errors than the other devices. We conducted a regression analysis between the target width and the accuracy of target selection to determine the minimum target width required to ensure 95 percent selection accuracy for each type of input device. The approach used in this study allows for the inclusion of speed and accuracy in determining control input size and distance recommendations. This study paves the way for establishing an industry design guide in the growing CST domain.
Design of a Sustainable and Modular Shuttle Vessel for Inland Waterways
Authors: Jane Cipressi Sarah , Di Nicolantonio Massimo , Rossi Emilio
Published: June 2023

Issue of slow mobility in inland waterways represents an important opportunity for the design research community, as part of the objectives of the main research programs in EU (e.g., Horizon Europe); hence, complex problems related to mobility can be faced by the design community through sets of smart solutions, both tangible and intangible. Recent trends in the sector suggest that the Design discipline should employ conceptual, methodological and operational tools to produce meaningful visions for urban and territorial scenarios oriented towards sustainable mobility. This is important in the perspective of sustainable development, and the related development of sustainable solutions supporting local authorities in enhancing the environmental and socio-economic quality of living contexts. Among the possible interventions that can be proposed to deal with this scenario, this paper proposes a project of a sustainable water shuttle. The boat is a part of a more complex project – system design approach – comprising service design and communication. It considers different users and stakeholders, as well as ergonomics standards like accessibility, safety, sustainability, mobility on waterways, modular design, enhancement of the natural and cultural heritage, etc. Specifically, this project focuses on the use of modular and photovoltaic components for green ferries, and how the design process used for this work can contribute to define the structure for a system-oriented design for sustainable mobility on waterways cities and natural contexts. The result presented in the document provides evidence and validity on the use of green technologies, alongside insights related production and management of sustainable products for water cities (re: shuttle boat). Ultimately, this work suggests good design practices and opportunities for intelligent solutions, opening up even new research avenues for community design.
The analysis of effect of visual cues in a binary decision making environment
Authors: Bagherzadeh Amirreza , Tehranchi Farnaz
Published: June 2023

In this study, we plan to answer the fundamental question of what factors affect the human utility function and decision-making strategy. Utility function is an internally assigned value to each state to reflect the satisfaction of moving to that state. Decision Time (i.e., Reaction Time) is the time required for a user to make a decision after observing the current state. The assessment of human decision-making and Decision time has been frequently discussed in the fields such as psychology, neuroscience, and ergonomics.One of the most commonly used experiments to analyze the decision-making process is the choice task, where a set of choices are presented to users, and they need to select one of these choices. For the purpose of this study, we consider only two choices and assign a probabilistic reward to each choice. The task is named “Bias Coin Flip Game”, a web-based coin flip game where one side of the coin is more likely to appear. In another word, the coin is biased. Users are not aware of this bias and are asked to win as much as they can in the course of 250 tries. Probability Learning studies have indicated that after a sufficient number of tries, people are capable of learning the bias. However, the number of tries needed to learn the bias, the time spent between each try (e.g., Decision Time), and the strategy (e.g., matching and maximizing) users would choose to follow are highly susceptible to the visual cues represented to users. We consider multiple factors such as (a) the hidden/unhidden Win rate, (b) showing four last recent coin results, and (c) the order of visual cues. We analyze the effect of these cues on decision-making strategy and decision-making time on different genders and age groups using Factorial ANOVA (i.e., a statistical experimental design to analyze the significance of each cue). Results indicate how each visual cue affects the decision-making strategy chosen by users to design an environment that optimizes the chance of the optimality of the decisions made by the user, avoids convergence to suboptimal strategies, and controls reflection on the utility function. Finally, we suggest the relationship between the complexity of the utility function and the decision time for each environment with different sets of visual cues.
Crowdsourcing policies and solutions to wicked problems: case study of crowdsourcing on air quality in European cities
Authors: Reinsalu Kristina , Bjarnason Robert
Published: June 2023

The current world is facing unprecedented crises and wicked problems that need solving. Even if some of them might affect our life more right now and in the short term (e.g., global security crisis, energy crisis, etc.), the biggest challenge for societies for years to come is climate change. Digital solutions have the potential to offer relief and solutions to various problems, including climate challenges, but the biggest concern is still the large gap between policymakers and people's concerns and expectations. Future developments should not only be guided by the technologically feasible but by what is socially desirable and acceptable. Therefore, the citizens’ engagement, particularly digital crowdsourcing, for the design of digital services, as well as policies that affect their lives, is crucial.To understand the usage of crowdsourcing for policy-design purposes, we have piloted a crowdsourcing activity in five European countries on the subject of air quality. To assess the results of the pilot, we use a novel e-participation assessment framework created by the joint effort of the e-Governance Academy and the project partners of the Co-Designing Europe Project . The assessment framework was created based on extensive analyses of e-participation cases from various countries and contexts using the Theory of Change (ToC) methodology. The framework also has a practical checklist which enables any initiator of e-participation - be it from a public authority or from the civil society, to design an e-participation/crowdsourcing activity and assess its impact after completing the case. The aim of this article is, based on theory and practice, to highlight and analyse the biggest challenges, obstacles, and success factors for impactful crowdsourcing, the potential to use the “wisdom of the crowd” to solve wicked problems in society, and the role technology plays in this process.
A Conceptual Review of the Constraints to Global Competitiveness of the South African Automotive Industry
Authors: M Ikome John
Published: June 2023

The South African automotive industry is a very important organisation that assist with the well being of the nation, as it contribute to the economic growth of the country and also creates employment for the citizens, this show that this organisation is a key industry for the nation and any constraint to it global competitiveness is of a major consent, that needs a holistic approach to identify the factors that prevent it from achieving the objectives and goals of global competitiveness, a well structured questionnaire was developed and administered in a number of selected South African automotive industry for data collection and according to the results, the political, economic, social, technological and environment has a major influence to the industry’s global competitiveness.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on South Asian Stock Markets
Authors: Silva Natacha , José Palma Lampreia Dos Santos Maria , Baptista Nuno
Published: June 2023

The main aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of the pandemic COVID-19 on the efficiency of capital markets in countries of South Asia, namely, the market efficiency of these stock markets in the pre and post-COVID-19 global wave. The methods include quantitative research and time series analysis. Information and data were collected from the stock indices of Pakistan (KSE), India (BSE), Bangladesh (DSE) and Sri Lanka (CSE) for the period from August 2018 to July 2021. The results confirm that all capital markets are efficient before the global outbreak. In a meanwhile, after the pandemic (COVID-19) all the financial markets present a low efficiency. Explain more in economic terms. This conclusion helps the regulators of markets and investors to take a step to make certain information in these economies, subsequently, returns of some stocks can be predictable and generate opportunities for abnormal earnings and arbitrage.
A Model-based Method for Imbalance Identification of Aero-engine Rotor
Authors: Pei Liye , Zhang Dahai , Xu Fujian , Lu Yu , Ai Xing
Published: June 2023

A model-based method for rotor imbalance identification of aero-engine is proposed, including rotor imbalance fault location method based on harmonic balance method and rotor imbalance fault parameter identification method based on sensitivity method. An aero-engine gas generator rotor system in simulation is employed for validation, and an experimental investigation is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the method. The results show that this method can accurately identify the location, amplitude and phase of the imbalance in the aero-engine rotor system, and the imbalance of the aero-engine rotor system can be eliminated.
Avatar construction methods and applications in the metaverse
Authors: Dong Ying
Published: June 2023

In 2020, mankind has entered the critical point of virtualization, and the explosion point of the meta-universe has put forward higher requirements for the construction of virtual avatar. This paper deals with the form upgrading of virtual avatar in the meta-universe and investigates its construction method by combing and analyzing the construction of virtual avatar.Methods: Through literature research, the evolution of the definition and design of virtual avatar was analyzed, and the actual case was summarized. The framework and paradigm of virtual avatar construction in the meta-universe are summarized by combining the theoretical experience in the early stage with the technology provided in the later stage.Conclusion: The meta-universe breaks through the limitation of dimension, and gives mankind a broader and long-term space for activities in the space-time dimension. As a media form, virtual avatar expands the sensory dimension through "entry", "presence" and "interactive experience". With the expansion and simulation of sensory dimension, the boundary between real and virtual begins to blur. There is still a discussion on the internal transmission route, utility evaluation and multi-sensory construction of virtual avatar.
Editorial
Authors: Huggins Jackie , Williams Michael
Published: June 2023

The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education in the next two editions will feature specialised subjects in matters of teaching and learning in the area of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education. This edition is featuring music - a rich and vital component of Indigenous cultures around the world.
Dejavniki zaviranja in spodbujanja zaposlovanja v dolgotrajni oskrbi
Authors: Erjavec Karmen
Published: June 2023

Kadrovski izzivi na področju dolgotrajne oskrbe (DO) v Sloveniji so zelo veliki. Zato so cilji raziskave identificirati ključne dejavnike zaviranja in spodbujanja zaposlovanja v DO ter nujne ukrepe za pridobivanje novih delavcev in ohranjanje zadovoljstva med zaposlenimi. Vzorec je vključeval študente, brezposelne, zaposlene in bivše zaposlene različnih slovenskih zavodov DO (N = 49). Uporabili smo kvalitativni pristop s fokusnimi skupinami, ki smo jih izvedli novembra in decembra 2022 ter januarja 2023. Rezultati so pokazali, da so največji zaviralni dejavniki zastareli kadrovski standardi in normativi, nizka plača, tog in večizmenski delavnik ter fizične in psihološke obremenitve zaposlenih. Ključni dejavnik spodbude je redna zaposlitev s stalno plačo. Pomanjkanje kvalificiranega osebja na področju DO zahteva takojšnjo družbeno pozornost in ukrepe, kot so postavitev ustreznih kadrovskih normativov, uvedba konkurenčne plače in ugodnosti/bonusov, večja avtonomija zaposlenih, možnosti za izobraževanje (plačevanje šolnin), usposabljanje in strokovni razvoj, tehnološka podpora, programi za upravljanje s stresom in svetovalni programi za preprečevanje nesreč pri delu in izgorelosti, spodbujanje pozitivne kulture na delovnem mestu in aktivna promocija za dvig ugleda poklicev v DO.
QR Code-Based Material Passports for Component Reuse Across Life Cycle Stages in Small-Scale Construction
Authors: Byers Brandon S. , De Wolf Catherine
Published: June 2023

The rise of attention to the circular economy in the built environment faces a pervasive problem that buildings are designed to last longer than the careers of those who built them. Predicting how to best preserve and convey information on building construction and materials from the beginning to the end of life is difficult. This paper explores the impact of track and trace technology, specifically quick-response (QR) codes, on reusing elements at the end of a building’s life. In two case studies, we tested the effectiveness of using a material passport (MP) in small-scale construction, providing insights into the digital and physical processes. Ultimately, QR codes are shown to be good stores of static information but are not optimized for dynamic process information during construction life cycles. Despite the challenges of ensuring sustainable, circular construction, the results of this study should motivate those in the construction industry to implement and improve these processes in anticipation of future policy, environmental, and economic demands.
Pengaruh Komunikasi dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Mackessen Indonesia
Authors: Putra Bagas Pratama , Haryadi Rofiq Noorman
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh komunikasi dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Mackessen Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu hasil dari tekhnik slovin yaitu sebanyak 61 responden. Analisis data menggunakan program SPSS versi 25. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu uji instrumen data, uji asumsi klasik, uji analisis dan uji hipotesis. Pengujian hipotesis secara parsial variabel komuikasi (X1) diperoleh nilai nilai thitung > ttabel (2,716 > 1,671) dan nilai signifikansi 0,009 > 0,05. Artinya komunikasi (X1) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan (Y). Uji statistik variabel disiplin kerja (X2) terhadap kinerja karyawan diperoleh nilai thitung > ttabel (5.280 > 1,671) dan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000 < 0,05. Artinya disiplin kerja (X2) sangat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan (Y). Pengujian hipotesis secara simultan diperoleh nilai fhitung > ftabel ( 50.709 > 3,153 ) dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 < 0,05. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa komunikasi (X1) dan disiplin kerja (X2) berpengaruh signifikan secara simultan terhadap kinerja karyawan (Y). Determinasi diperoleh R Square sebesar 0,111, artinya variabel komunikasi dan disiplin kerja secara bersama-sama memiliki kontribusi pengaruh sebesar 88,9% terhadap kinerja karyawan. Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 11,1% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
Mapeo de la vulnerabilidad a la degradación de pastizales mediante AHP-GIS & RPAS en la microcuenca Pomacochas - Perú
Authors: Silva-López Jhonsy , Vázquez Pérez Héctor Vladimir , Zabaleta-Santisteban Jhon
Published: June 2023

En Perú, realizar un monitoreo de pastizales es cada vez más esencial para apoyar a los productores agropecuarios y fortalecer nuevas políticas públicas enmarcadas a un manejo sostenible a nivel de cuencas hidrográficas. En esta investigación se buscó mapear la vulnerabilidad a la degradación de pastizales en la microcuenca de Pomacochas, Amazonas − Perú. Para ello, se utilizaron criterios (NDVI, precipitación, MOS, textura del suelo, pH y pendiente). También, basado en consulta a expertos y el Proceso de Jerarquía Analítica (AHP), se sopeso la importancia de los criterios. Luego, se generó el mapa de aptitud del territorio para evaluar la vulnerabilidad de pastizales mediante superposición ponderada de los mapas de criterios. NDVI fue el criterio más importante, mientras que, la pendiente del terreno fue el menos importante. El modelado basado en AHP y SIG muestra que alrededor de 4012.08 km2 (62.98%) del área total de estudio se encuentran en la categoría “ligeramente vulnerable” (C3) a la degradación de pastizales. Asimismo, se validó los resultados mediante cuatro parcelas de validación empleando imágenes de un Aeronave Piloteada Remotamente (RPA). El estudio brindará apoyo para la toma de decisiones en torno al manejo de los pastizales en microcuencas.