bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Walk This Way: How Weight Distorts Gender Identification of Point-Light Walkers
Authors: Wong Jared , Kim Jin
Published: April 2024

Extensive research in social perception and biological motion has converged on the finding that humans are particularly accurate in identifying gender from the gait of minimal visual conspecific stimuli (e.g., point-light walkers). Despite the preponderance of evidence in favor of this ability, we return to the original paradigm and vary a single parameter—weight. Across nine pre-registered studies, participants (N = 3,196) were assigned to view the gait of point-light walkers based on actual human motion patterns. We find a decline in the accuracy of identifying the gender of female point-light walkers as their weight increases. However, as the weight of female walkers decreases, gender identification accuracy is recovered. These findings carry implications for the gendered nature of weight bias and the role of weight in human perception.
Locus Ceruleus Dynamics Are Suppressed during Licking and Enhanced Postlicking Independent of Taste Novelty
Authors: Fan Will , Engborg Christopher B. , Sciolino Natale R.
Published: April 2024

Attending to salient sensory attributes of food, such as tastes that are new, displeasing, or unexpected, allows the procurement of nutrients without food poisoning. Exposure to new tastes is known to increase norepinephrine (NE) release in taste processing forebrain areas, yet the central source for this release is unknown. Locus ceruleus norepinephrine neurons (LC-NE) emerge as a candidate in signaling salient information about taste, as other salient sensory stimuli (e.g., visual, auditory, somatosensation) are known to activate LC neurons. To determine if LC neurons are sensitive to features of taste novelty, we used fiber photometry to record LC-NE activity in water-restricted mice that voluntarily licked either novel or familiar substances of differential palatability (saccharine, citric acid). We observed that LC-NE activity was suppressed during lick bursts and transiently activated upon the termination of licking and that these dynamics were independent of the familiarity of the substance consumed. We next recorded LC dynamics during brief and unexpected consumption of tastants and found no increase in LC-NE activity, despite their responsiveness to visual and auditory stimuli, revealing selectivity in LC's responses to salient sensory information. Our findings suggest that LC activity during licking is not influenced by taste novelty, implicating a possible role for non-LC noradrenergic nuclei in signaling critical information about taste.
Belief Updating during Social Interactions: Neural Dynamics and Causal Role of Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Christian Patricia , Kaiser Jakob , Taylor Paul Christopher , George Michelle , Schütz-Bosbach Simone , Soutschek Alexander
Published: April 2024

In competitive interactions, humans have to flexibly update their beliefs about another person's intentions in order to adjust their own choice strategy, such as when believing that the other may exploit their cooperativeness. Here we investigate both the neural dynamics and the causal neural substrate of belief updating processes in humans. We used an adapted prisoner's dilemma game in which participants explicitly predicted the coplayer's actions, which allowed us to quantify the prediction error between expected and actual behavior. First, in an EEG experiment, we found a stronger medial frontal negativity (MFN) for negative than positive prediction errors, suggesting that this medial frontal ERP component may encode unexpected defection of the coplayer. The MFN also predicted subsequent belief updating after negative prediction errors. In a second experiment, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to investigate whether the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) causally implements belief updating after unexpected outcomes. Our results show that dmPFC TMS impaired belief updating and strategic behavioral adjustments after negative prediction errors. Taken together, our findings reveal the time course of the use of prediction errors in social decisions and suggest that the dmPFC plays a crucial role in updating mental representations of others' intentions.
Development of Students’ Economic Literacy during their Education
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafiev, Adolf Vladimir Alexandrovich , Adolf Konstantin Vladimirovich ,   Siberian Federal University, Yurchuk Galina Vladimirovna ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky
Published: April 2024

Setting the problem. Modern society needs economically educated and well-mannered community members. Currently, the teacher should able to work in conditions of uncertainty. He must be prepared for professional activity in constantly renewing and transforming educational environment. The success of a teacher in carrying out his professional activities cannot be ensured only by having developed professional competences. One needs knowledge and skills in other areas, e.g., managerial, economic, legal, digital. All this allows to carry out economic education of students while teaching them a specific academic discipline. The purpose of the article is to identify the theoretical foundations and to propose one of the approaches in developing the economic competence of a teacher during university training that allows to develop economic literacy among students. Methodology (materials and methods). The study of scientific works, regulatory documents in the field of education, a survey of teachers, students, parents, heads of educational organizations made it possible to identify and justify the need to develop the economic competence of a teacher in the framework of university training. It also helped to specify the content and features for the implementation of this competence development. The article shows various approaches to developing students’ economic and financial literacy that the teacher uses in his professional activities. Research results. The article examines the prerequisites and identifies the features of the economic culture and literacy on the level of society and a person. Solving this problem can allow the new generation of Russians to develop the ability to quickly respond to changes in the world, to form a holistic understanding in the system of economic relations, and functioning mechanisms of socio-economic institutions. The article reveals the essence and the structure of economic competence and literacy of a teacher, that will allow him to form students’ economic literacy in the course of his professional activities, when teaching a specific academic discipline. Conclusions. The study has proved the need to develop economic literacy among students in the process of teaching a specific subject at school as it will help successful socialization in modern society.
System Analysis of Indicators of the Effectiveness of Digital Support of the Educational Process
Authors:   Moscow University of MIA of Russia named by V.Y. Kikot, Yarmak Kirill Vladimirovich
Published: April 2024

The article considers digital support of the educational process, which is an important aspect of the organization of education at the present stage of development. It can significantly improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning, but requires a scientifically sound approach to assessing its effectiveness. Regardless of the perspective from which effectiveness is considered (from the individual’s point of view, from the University’s point of view, or from society’s point of view), there are a number of common criteria that are used to evaluate it. The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic analysis of indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of digital support for education. For this purpose, various methods of scientific knowledge were used, including empirical and theoretical methods, as well as qualitative methods. The result of the work was a systematic consideration of indicators in the structure of the system of effectiveness criteria, which will help to monitor and evaluate the digital support of education at all levels in relation to all its subjects. When assessing effectiveness, it is very important to consider several criteria rather than focusing on a single aspect. This is because an impact can be effective in achieving one goal, but have negative consequences in other areas. Taking into account multiple criteria allows for a complete and balanced evaluation. We propose to consider the evaluation of the effectiveness of digital support of the learning process through the analysis of effectiveness criteria, which are classified into five major groups. We emphasize didactic, process, motivational, competence and value criteria. In our opinion, this structure best expresses a set of indicators, using which the implementation of efficiency assessment will be effective.
Model of Formation of Communicative Competences of Students-Programmers in the Process of Joint Activity
Authors:   Buryat Institute of Infocommunications Science (branch), Gorokhovskaya Nadezhda A.
Published: April 2024

Effective professional activity in the digital era is based on the ability to make decisions, willingness to cooperate and skills to manage emotional intelligence. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the training of IT-specialists and create conditions for the formation of their communicative competences. The purpose of the article is to discuss the results of the development of the model of the process of forming communicative competences of software engineering students in collaborative activities. The research methodology includes competence-based, constructivist, network approach, personality-oriented approach and activity-based approaches. The method of pedagogical modeling was used, which allowed to correlate the existing and ideal characteristics of the educational process under study, to identify and outline ways to improve it in the context of professional activity in the IT-sphere. The development of the model was carried out taking into account the technology of “blended learning”. Research results. The model of the process of formation of communicative competence of students-programmers includes the target block, in which the personal goals of education, the standard of specialty 09.02.07 “Information Systems and Programming”, the requirements of employers to the professional activity of programmers are indicated; the organizational-activity block, including diagnostic and activity-forming activities; the result-criterial block, including criteria and indicators of assessment of communicative competence. Conclusion. Communicative competences of students-programmers include knowledge of psychological bases of communication and possession of virtual communication skills, active participation in teamwork, skills of constructive interaction, organizational skills, readiness for interaction, orientation to self-improvement in interaction, self-motivation skills, self-regulation skills, self-control, conflict resolution. The process of formation of communicative competences of students-programmers is carried out in the educational activity on the basis of learning in cooperation as a type of joint activity, providing students’ motivation for constructive interaction, increasing the performance of academic tasks, individual responsibility, eliminating the barriers of interaction through the use of flexible planning strategy and organization of virtual teamwork based on the principles of Agile-methodology and Scrum-method.
Physical Activity as a Means of Adaptation of People with Impaired Health
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V. P. Astafyev, Hoffmann Elena Veniaminovna
Published: April 2024

The article examines the benefits of physical activity for people with impaired health using the example of cancer patients. The features of the use of swimming and running for the rehabilitation of patients are considered. The purpose of the article is to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the considered types of physical activity for people with impaired health. The swimming study was conducted on an experimental group formed on the basis of the NGO “Together against Cancer” (Krasnoyarsk). The author has developed training conditions, created methods for dynamic adaptation of physical activity in the form of exercises, training distances, theoretical approaches have been confirmed experimentally. The analysis of the test results was carried out and the structuring of the collected material was performed. To conduct research on the impact of running on rehabilitation processes, a theoretical analysis of scientific, psychological, pedagogical, sociological and normative literature was performed and specific examples of participants in competitions were considered. Running does not require the study of special techniques, but an initial level of physical fitness is required to enter the training process, which is excluded if the adaptive swimming technique developed by the author is used. When using it, the set of muscles involved in the training process expands, which has a greater restorative effect on the entire body. Swimming is therefore more suitable for people with poor health and is often the only acceptable form of physical activity.
The Problem of Conservation of Ethnopedagogical Traditions in the History of China
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Rudometova Anastasia Y. , Kapitonova Nina S. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: April 2024

The importance of the research is that the problem of preserving national identity within a multi-ethnic state, such as China. The ideology of the united Chinese nation is a developed and constantly improved system of coexistence of several ethnic groups within the framework of one state. The purpose of the study is to analyze the formation of ethnopedagogical traditions in the modern education system of China. The modern national policy of China focuses not only on the restoration and preservation of the national identity of each of the peoples as the cultural heritage of the whole country, but also on the coexistence of all peoples in the concept of a single Chinese nation. The idea of harmonious coexistence can be traced throughout Chinese history, which has historically been seen as an economic and social problem. At present, education has become one of the most important aspects of the national policy of the PRC, not only as a mechanism for educating the citizens of the republic, united by a single idea, but also the ability to preserve the culture of each national minority within one country. Research methodology and methods. The basis of the research is done by using such methods as Historical and theoretical analisis and also the method of content analisis of scientific and academic sources. The results of the study can be used in the field of cultural linguistics and social sciences and also as a basis for further study and analysis of the features of the historical stages of the formation of sinology in Russia. The purpose of the article is to identify and substantiate the role of active teaching methods in the development of reading competencies of students in the field of study “Journalism”.
La historia sintáctica de largar(se)
Authors: Garrido Claudio , Avaca Avaca Ricardo
Published: April 2024

En este artículo se analizan los cambios semánticos y gramaticales de la forma verbal largar(se) en perspectiva diacrónica. De modo particular, se aborda el proceso de auxiliarización, en especial el origen y difusión del valor incoativo. Con este fin, se elaboró una base de datos a partir de los ejemplos lingüísticos registrados en el corde y en el corpes xxi. Como aproximación teórica, el análisis interactúa con la teoría de la gramaticalización, con la gramática de construcciones y con los principios generales de la semántica histórica de impronta cognitiva. Entre los resultados más relevantes destaca el hecho de que, en el desarrollo histórico de largar(se), intervienen dos fuerzas de atracción analógica que son provocadas, respectivamente y en diferentes momentos, por los verbos ir(se) y poner(se) como construcciones de apoyo.
Territorializing pragmatism
Authors: Eslava Edgar , Pongutá César Fredy
Published: April 2024

Using the notion of territorialization, the text traces connecting points between classical American pragmatism and contemporary Latin American philosophy as an effort to counter the usual criticism that states that because of its origins in the north of the continent pragmatism has nothing to offer to the construction of any sound philosophy in the south, while recognizing that its history, that of pragmatism, can be read in parallel of the history of the ways in which Latina American philosophies were built since the beginning of the 20th century.
España y la filosofía moderna en América Latina. Contactos históricos
Authors: Pachón Soto Damián
Published: April 2024

El artículo plantea algunas de las relaciones filosóficas entre España y América Latina desde el siglo XVI hasta el siglo XX. Contra la narrativa de la historiografía filosófica corriente, según la cual España no aportó nada a la filosofía moderna, el artículo argumenta que los debates en torno a la humanidad de los indígenas americanos y la guerra justa contribuyeron a expandir la idea de género humano a la vez que se realizaron aportes al derecho internacional; igualmente, que la filosofía política de Francisco Suárez contribuyó a fundamentar la idea de contractualismo y contrato social a la modernidad. Finalmente, se sostiene que vista desde América, La Ilustración española, el krausismo y los aportes de Ortega y Gasset permitieron el ingreso de Nuestra América a la modernidad filosófica europea y su tradición.
Crítica al pensamiento trascendental en Franz Hinkelammert
Authors: Solano Vázquez Eduardo
Published: April 2024

From the criticism that Franz Hinkelammert issues to transcendental-abstract thought, which flaunts and supports enlightenment-capitalist modernity through its empirical sciences: law, economics, sociology, this text has been produced. This highlights the repercussions of thought in historical reality, hence, together with Hinkelammert and the tradition of critical thinking, it is considered that thought-social and historical context imply and influence each other. On the other hand, the transcendental-abstract thought of enlightenment-capitalist modernity has concealed historical reality, therefore it only exposes and lies what allows it to sustain itself and reproduce itself in history. Likewise, the criticism of transcendental-abstract thought does not imply the renunciation of reason, but rather the overcoming of one of its forms, that is, the scientific-technological version. Thus, criticizing and overcoming modern enlightenment-capitalist reason aims to glimpse-propose other ways of reproducing life, which do not require exploitation and systematic violence to persist historically.
El Viaje a Pie del Ser y la Nada: análisis de la filosofía sartreana y gonzaliana a partir de la idea del tiempo, la identidad y la muerte
Authors: Ramírez Álvarez José Fernando
Published: April 2024

Fernando González Ochoa is a reference of Colombian and Latin American philosophy and as such has been taken seriously by great writers and thinkers worldwide. Among them is the French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre, considered one of the great precursors of existentialism and who allegedly openly praised González's thought. Given this, this article will investigate some considerations that would configure the construction of an existential subject in both thinkers, placing among other themes bad faith, the remembrance of time and the construction of a reflection based on existence that has as its central point the acceptance, conviction and certainty of human reality.
Effect of nanofibrillated cellulose on alginate and chitosan film properties as potential barrier coatings for paper food packaging
Authors: Milbreta Ulla , Andze Laura , Filipova Inese , Dortins Ervins
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to test the utility of ammonium persulfate (APS) oxidised nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as an additive for chitosan- and alginate-based biopolymer films that could eventually be used as paper coatings for food packaging applications. Sodium alginate and chitosan were used as the base for the films. Various concentrations of APS oxidised NFC ranging from 0% to 10% were used as a reinforcing agent, resulting in six combinations of either alginate-NFC or chitosan-NFC composite films. Biofilms were tested for their mechanical properties (tensile strength and strain), grease barrier properties, air permeability, water vapour permeability, and degradation in the soil. Overall, when using the ammonium persulfate oxidation pretreatment method, the best performance of the films was estimated with the addition of 2.5% NFC.
Properties of poplar veneer modified by Acid Red 3R dye in combination with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate
Authors: Shi Xin , Shen Hao , Qin Shenglei , Liu Yangguang , Shen Xiaoshuang , Chu Demiao , Liu Shengquan
Published: April 2024

Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) is a nitrogen-phosphorus-based inorganic flame retardant that is environmentally friendly and non-toxic. Wood treated with ADP has enhanced thermal stability and flame retardancy. Compounding ADP with Acid Red 3R dye further improves the decorative effect of the wood on the basis of excellent flame retardancy, resulting in a kind of dyeing and flame retardant multifunctionalized wood. Single-factor tests were designed to investigate the effects of flame retardant concentration, dye concentration, temperature, and time on three evaluation indexes: dye-uptake, color difference, and oxygen index, respectively. Through SEM and FTIR analysis, it was found that after the wood was simultaneously treated with flame retardant and dye, the two additives were aggregated in the grain pores of the cell wall by a simple physical combination. They did not undergo a chemical reaction. TG analysis showed that fire-retardant dyed wood had good thermal stability, which can delay the thermal degradation of wood and increase the residual charcoal rate of wood. XRD showed that the crystallinity of fire-retardant dyed wood increased compared to untreated wood. Through cone calorimetric test, it is found that flame retardant dyed veneer had excellent flame retardancy.
Mathematical model for selecting the auxiliary equipment parameters of aerodynamic deorbit systems
Authors:   Northwestern Polytechnical University, Wang Changqinq , Palii O.S. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: April 2024

The goal of this work is to develop a model for selecting the design parameters of auxiliary equipment for aerodynamic deorbit systems. For normal operation, an aerodynamic deorbit system, according to its class, is equipped with the following support systems: for deployment, inflation, аnd storage onboard the space object to be deorbited. The deployment system consists of two components: a mast deployment system, in which four rolled-up masts are stored and deployed, and an airfoil storage spindle, on which four quadrants of a film material are wound. Aerodynamic systems can be inflated in several ways: using a system of gas storage and supply to the shell, using the residual pressure, or using the sublimation of a powder substance. The characteristics of sublimable substances and inert gases for inflation are given. The paper presents a methodology for determining the inflating gas parameters taking into account the exposure of the aerodynamic system to space debris fragments. The following requirements are imposed on the storage system materials: resistance to space factors, resistance to dynamic loads in orbital injection, and resistance to thermal deformations. A mathematical model for selecting the auxiliary system parameters of aerodynamic deorbit systems is presented. This model includes deployment system mass estimation, relationships for determining the inflation system mass for aerodynamic systems of various configurations, wall thickness estimation for gas cylinders of different configurations, and relationships for determining the storage system mass for aerodynamic deorbit systems of different configurations.
Effect of a detonation wave on an overexpanded gas flow in a nozzle
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Vasyliv S.S. , Kirichenko O.O. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: April 2024

This paper proposes to use the detonation process to solve the problem of controlling highly maneuverable flying vehicles. The goal of the work is to study a new way of the thrust vector control of a rocket engine using the effect of a detonation shock wave on the gas flow in the nozzle. It is known that the method of thrust vector control by gas injection into the supersonic nozzle area of a rocket engine features one of the lowest losses of specific momentum and a high response speed and produces a significant lateral force. However, for the current level of rocket technology, there is a need to improve these characteristics. Detonation is considered as a method to intensify processes that affect the main gas flow and produce a lateral force. Its features make it possible to develop a system for pulse trajectory correction. In order to study the features of such a system, experimental studies of the detonation wave effect on a supersonic nozzle flow were conducted. A nozzle model and a gas generator for initiating a detonation wave interacting with the main supersonic air flow were developed and made. In the course of experiments, the effect of separation of the main flow from the nozzle wall by the detonation wave during the nozzle operation in the overexpansion mode was revealed. The duration of this effect was much longer than that of the detonation product effect on the main air flow in the nozzle, thus allowing it to be used in the development of a new thrust vector control method. To better understand the experimental results, a numerical simulation of the detonation wave propagation in a supersonic flow was carried out for the test conditions. The simulation was carried out in a non-stationary 2D formulation using the Solid Works software package. The goal of the simulation was to estimate the flow structure and the value of the relative lateral force produced by the change of this structure during detonation product injection into the supersonic nozzle area. The time evolution of the pressure field was obtained. The relative lateral force produced by detonation product injection into the supersonic air flow in the nozzle was determined. The presented features and method of jet engine thrust vector control may be used in unmanned systems operating in a wide range of speeds.
Numerical analysis of the effect of tape inclusions on the stress concentration in thin cylindrical and conical shells with rectangular openings
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Hart E. L. , Semencha O.O. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: April 2024

Thin-walled plate-shell structures are widely used in various branches of technology and the national economy, in particular in the aerospace industry, the oil and gas industry, power engineering, construction, etc. The continuity of such structures is often disrupted by various inhomogeneities in the form of openings, inclusions, recesses, cracks, etc., which are local stress concentrators. Reducing the concentration of the stresses that develop in the vicinity of such structural inhomogeneities is an important problem in deformable solid mechanics. In particular, a pressing problem in the design of new equipment in modern mechanical engineering is a significant reduction in material consumption and an increase in the service life of cast parts taking into account the use of new materials and technologies. Such parts are responsible for the competitiveness of new equipment for various industries. This paper presents the results of a numerical simulation and analysis of the stress and strain field of thin-walled cylindrical and truncated conical shells with rectangular openings and tape inclusions around them. The material of the inclusions has properties that differ from those of the base material of the shells. The effect of the geometrical and mechanical characteristics of the inclusions on the parameters of the stress and strain field in the vicinity of the openings was studied by varying the elastic modulus of the inclusion material and the inclusion width. For definiteness, the inclusions were assumed to be homogeneous and located in the shell plane. The stress and strain intensity distributions in the zones of local stress concentration were obtained. The numerical results for shells of both shapes were compared with the corresponding results for shells with a circular opening. The study showed that the presence of a “soft” homogeneous tape inclusion helps in reducing the stress concentration around rectangular openings by ~ (21 – 54) % depending on the width of the inclusion and its elastic modulus, both in cylindrical and in conical shells. Unlike shells with a circular opening, in this case the presence of inclusions does not cause the mechanical effect of shifting the stress concentration zone from the contour of the opening to the interface between the materials.
Prolongation of Safe Operation of the K-1000-60/3000 Turbine Power Unit after Damage to the HPC Rotor
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Chernousenko Olha Yu. , Peshko Vitalii A. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Usatyi Oleksandr P. ,   National Technical University Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute
Published: April 2024

Currently, when large-scale military actions are taking place on the territory of Ukraine, the inclusion of the domestic energy system in the European one is a reliable component of providing electricity to the country's energy market. However, according to experts, uninterrupted and safe operation of nuclear power plants is still considered a prerequisite for the stable operation of the energy sector of Ukraine. The purpose of the paper is to assess the damageability and individual resource of the rotor of high-pressure cylinder (HPC) of the K-1000-60/3000 turbine power unit of the LMZ after damage to the blades in order to prolong the operation of the power unit in the conditions of a stressed state of the power system. One of the most effective ways to partially solve the problem of replacement of generating capacities is to extend the operating periods of NPP power units after the end of the project operating period, provided that nuclear and radiation safety standards are met. The review of the previously established service life of the energy equipment of NPP power units involves the assessment of the residual resource of the energy equipment in accordance with the regulatory documents. After the accidental damage of the blades of the last stage of the HPC rotor of the K-1000-60/3000 turbine power unit of the LMZ, there was a need to study the cyclic and static damage, the individual residual resource of the HPC rotor. In the process of achieving the goal, studies were carried out for three design options: the original option (five stages of the HPC rotor), the option without the blades of the last stage and the option without the fifth stage (with four first stages). The calculation of the resource indicators of the rotor in the execution of the HPC without blades of the 5th stage shows that the static damage accumulated in the main metal is 52%, the cyclic damage is 5% when applying the standard strength reserves for the number of cycles and for deformations at the level of nN=10 and nε=1.5 according to the recommendations of SOU-N MEV 40.1-21677681-52:2011. Thus, the total damage to the base metal is 57%, which sets the residual resource of the HPC rotor at the level of 88.4 thousand hours. The calculation of the resource indicators of the rotor in the execution of the HPC without entire 5th stage shows that the static damage accumulated in the base metal is 52%, the cyclic damage is 6% when applying the standard strength reserves for the number of cycles and deformations at the above-mentioned level. The total damage to the base metal is 58%, which determines the residual resource of the HPC rotor at the level of 85.6 thousand hours.
Is Social Capital Determinant in Developing Islamic Microfinance Institutions?
Authors: Subchi Imam , Jahar Asep Saepudin , Prasetyowati Riris Aishah
Published: April 2024

Research Originality: One of the Islamic Microfinance Institutions (IMFI) was  Baitul mal wa Tanwil (BMT) which generally has a program using the group loan methodology which is seen as utilizing existing social capital, manifested in personal relationships and networks.Research Objectives: This study aims to examine the impact of social capital factors on BMT business as an IMFI covering cultural values, religious traditions, people's world views, geographical characteristics, work ethic, institutions, and social networks.Research Methods: This study uses a mixed method explanatory with a qualitative method for testing the level of importance using the Analytic Process Hierarchy (AHP) f  or the best priority in social capital factors and the ideal IMFI based on expert opinions as facilitators.Empirical Result: This result shows that the seven social capital factors at IMFI can be applied and considered applicable in developing business. The main priority factors are institutions and religious traditions. The IMFI that consistently applies social capital factors in developing IMFI business is BMT Bringhardjo (Yogyakarta) although it has not yet reached the maximum value. The determinants of social capital in the IMFIs business are considerably used to determine the IMFIs business development. It provides that the seven social capital factors at IMFI can be applied and considered applicable in developing business.Implications: The main priority factors are institutions and religious traditions. Investigating one of the IMFI was Baitul mal wa Tanwil that consistently applies social capital factors in developing IMFI business as a business that empowers social capital as a guarantee feasibility and business feasibility from micro communities that have so far been un-bankable. JEL Classification: D02, D04, O14How to Cite:Subchi, I., Jahar, A. S., & Prasetyowati, R. A.. (2024). Is Social Capital Determinant in Developing Islamic Microfinance Institutions. Etikonomi, 23(1), 233 – 248. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v23i1.31769.
Screening the Digital Landscape: Generation Z Insights into Employee Perceptions of Social Media Use in the Workplace
Authors: Cunha Maria Nascimento , Pinto Silvia Costa , Pereira Manuel
Published: April 2024

Purpose: In the era of digital transformation, companies are increasingly utilizing social networks to enhance business dynamics. This study investigates Generation Z employee perceptions regarding the integration of social media platforms in the workplace.
Design/Method/Approach: A quantitative approach done by the administration of a comprehensive online questionnaire, involving 152 professionals.
Findings: Findings reveal that Generation Z employees consider engaging with the public as the most significant advantage of social networks, followed by the potential for swift and effective consumer communication, while broad access to information holds relatively less importance. Negative aspects cited include heightened competition in certain sectors, increased dependence on the Internet, and an excess of advertising. Respondents also identify key company objectives tied to social media adoption, emphasizing the importance of publicizing the company and brand, expanding customer bases, fostering business growth, and enhancing labour relations.
Theoretical Implications: Negative aspects cited include heightened competition in certain sectors, increased dependence on the Internet, and an excess of advertising.
Practical Implications: Respondents also identify key company objectives tied to social media adoption, emphasizing the importance of publicizing the company and brand, expanding customer bases, fostering business growth, and enhancing labour relations.
Originality/Value: New approach to Generation Z Insights into Employee Perceptions of Social Media Use in the Workplace.
Research Limitations/Future Research: A bigger sample would be Portugal's representative what is indeed important.
Paper Type: Empirical
JEL Classification: F61, F66, M14
Determinant Factors of Entrepreneurial Intention within Generation Z Students: Case of Koléa University Campus in Algeria
Authors: Amrouni Amina , Azouaou Lamia
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This research work attempts to identify the determining factors of Koléa university campus generation Z students’ entrepreneurial intention.
Design/Method/Approach: The applied research method is a quantitative approach in which a sample of 93 responses were analyzed using two software tools, IBM SPSS 25 and smartPLS4, and by adopting Structural Equation Modeling and Partial Least Squares for analysis and estimation.
Findings: Results showed a significant and positive impact of subjective norms on the entrepreneurial intention of the study sample. However, entrepreneurial training, attitude towards entrepreneurship, and perceived behavioral control had no impact on the entrepreneurial intentions of these students.
Theoretical Implications: This study contributes to the extent literature on generation Z students’ entrepreneurial intention in an Algerian context by highlighting the importance of subjective norms in fostering this intention.
Practical Implications: Algerian universities should pay more attention to entrepreneurial education and trainings they offer to their students in order to incite them to create their own business.
Originality/Value: Understanding the characteristics of generation Z students is important for universities and businesses. knowing what stimulates the generation Z entrepreneurial intention is both interesting and primordial. In addition, such study in the Algerian context is scarce and still not common.
Research Limitations/Future Research: Limitations in this study include those related to the size of the sample and its area by focusing only on Koléa university students. Therefore, it is desirable to conduct more studies on the variables impacting entrepreneurial intention among Generation Z students enrolled in different Algerian institutions and to draw conclusions by extrapolating the results.
Paper Type: Empirical
 
JEL Classification: C12, C15, C29, I21, L26
INTERNET MARKETING BASED ON A DATA ECOSYSTEM
Authors: Kolyandov S. , Radev R.
Published: April 2024

This report examines the first step towards the implementation of Marketing 5.0, namely the use of data sets for informed decision-making by business organizations. The goal is to be able to predict the type of next product that their users will be interested in purchasing. Geographic, demographic, psychographic and behavioral segmentation methods are applied to build a picture of the next buyer and what they will buy. Based on the analysis, guidelines are prepared for what and how to offer, ideas for new products and services are highlighted, user experience is personalized, a reasonable price for new products is calculated through dynamic pricing. The problem facing modern marketers of management and effective use of the analyzed data is considered, and for this purpose one must start with narrowly defined goals and use only the data relevant to their achievement.
Numerical and experimental investigation of quasi-static indentation response of PVC foam sandwich and GFRP laminated composites
Authors: Zniker Houcine , Feddal Ikram , El Kouifat Mohammed Khalil , El Magri Anouar , El Hasnaoui Mohamed
Published: April 2024

Composite materials are vulnerable to impacts that may occur during their use. Such transverse loads represent a significant threat to these materials because they can cause damage that is difficult to detect. Thus, understanding the mechanical behavior of composite materials during impacts is crucial for improving their damage resistance. Therefore, this study investigates the response of two commonly used composite panels in maritime transportation—a PVC core sandwich composite and a laminated GFRP composite—under quasi-static indentation (QSI). Using numerical simulations with Abaqus/Explicit, this investigation aims to anticipate mechanical characteristics and damage patterns during low-velocity impact. Results show a strong correlation between numerical and experimental data. The force-displacement curves aid in understanding damage sequences, with predicted maximum loads at 1.43% and 6.45% accuracy for laminated and sandwich composites. Both exhibit significant damage, including permanent indentation, matrix cracks, fiber fractures, and prevalent delamination around the impact point.
$$\pi$$ quantization in the Berry phase by the multiple degenerate points
Authors: Watanabe Fuka , Hirata Keijiro , Tojo Tatsuki , Takeda Kyozaburo
Published: April 2024

Semiconductors have a valence band consisting of multi-subbands. Inter-subband interaction causes multiple degenerate points near the Brillouin zone center $$\Gamma$$
Γ
even when the system exhibits space-reversal asymmetry. In the present study, we analyzed the effect of the existence of multiple degenerate points on topological features using Berry parameter investigation. For reasonable generalization, we propose a model Hamiltonian that represents multiple degeneracies in a two-dimensional quantum-well system. We also explored “topological” modifications through numerical calculations of the effective magnetic field and Berry’s connection and curvature. We found that the energy dependence of the Berry phase is affected by the interaction between degenerate points.

Graphical abstract
‘The University has a Political Responsibility’
Authors: Bartel Rebecca C , Duque Katerine
Published: April 2024

An interview with Katerine Duque, Coordinator of the Engaged Research Group on Social Movements and Peacebuilding, Institute of Intercultural Studies, Universidad Pontificia Javeriana-Cali, Colombia
The History of the Birth of Traditions and Conflicts over the Nabi Samuel Shrine (Israel/Palestine)
Authors: Briks Piotr
Published: April 2024

During the Crusades, the almost forgotten small Byzantine monastery of St. Samuel (4th-c.) became a key place on the map of Holy Land pilgrimages. Initially important only to Christians, the shrine quickly became a pilgrimage destination for Jews and later for Muslims. Each of these communities left an indelible mark on the traditions and customs of this holy place. During some periods, they managed to celebrate the memory of Samuel in unison, but largely the shrine was a source of conflicts or even bloody battles. In 1967, the area around Nabi Samuel was incorporated into the Israeli-Occupied Territories. Due to the rich tradition associated with the cult of the OT prophet, but even more the significance of Nabi Samuel (identified as the ancient Mizpah), the Israeli authorities have tried to make this site a memorial to Israel’s ancient history, and at the same time a tourist attraction. Since then, the actions of the authorities have provoked constant protests and unrest. As has recently been revealed, the motivations of the Israeli administration are not only religious, historical, and political, but also business-related, although this is shamefully hidden behind lofty slogans.
M1/M2 macrophages: origin, phenotype, methods of production, interaction with natural killer cells and trophoblast
Authors: Zhguleva A. S. , Zementova M. S. , Selkov S. A. , Sokolov D. I.
Published: April 2024

This review presents current data on the origin of monocytes/macrophages, the conditions necessary for the differentiation of monocytes into M1 or M2 macrophages. Three subpopulations of peripheral blood monocytes are described: (I) classical – the main subpopulation (85-90%), effectively carrying out phagocytosis; (II) intermediate monocytes (5-10%) – participate in antigen processing and presentation, in angiogenesis, vascular endothelium restoration; (III) non-classical monocytes (10%) - "patrol" vascular network, remove cellular debris, participate in tissue remodeling. The review provides detailed characteristics for each subclass of macrophages: pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2), which play different roles in the initiation and resolution of inflammation; their phenotype, the spectrum of secreted cytokines, the expression of transcription factors, and the functions performed are described. For the M2 population, the features of the subpopulation are described in detail: M2a, M2b, M2c, M2d. The review presents methods and approaches to obtaining polarized macrophages in vitro from both peripheral blood monocytes and cells of transplanted cultures based on signals received by macrophages in vivo; the phenotype, cytokine production and functional properties of artificially polarized macrophages depending on the conditions of their production are given. The review examines in detail the features of contact and distant interaction of macrophages of various subclasses with microenvironment cells on the example of natural killer cells and trophoblast cells, provides information on changes in the phenotype, transcriptional and secretory profile of interacting cells. The mechanisms of trophoblast control of macrophage differentiation into a unique M2 population of decidual macrophages controlling both the development and functioning of the trophoblast and its apoptosis are described. The review examines in detail the currently known variants of the interaction of macrophage subpopulations with natural killers. The influence of Mf on NK cells manifests itself in a change in the expression of transcription factors by the latter, which determine not only their differentiation, but also their functional activity. Macrophages are considered as cells that actively influence the functional state and differentiation of natural killers. The review examines the mechanisms of the relationship of all three types of cells: macrophages, trophoblast and natural killers in the area of uteroplacental contact. The study of the interactions of these cells will shed light not only on the features of intercellular relationships in the area of uteroplacental contact, but also on the relationship of tumor cells with NK cells and macrophages.