bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NK Cells in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Rao Yafei , Le Yanqing , Xiong Jing , Pei Yuqiang , Sun Yongchang
Published: May 2021

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent chronic airway disease with varied frequencies of acute exacerbations, which are the main cause of morbidity and mortality of the disease. It is, therefore, urgent to develop novel therapies for COPD and its exacerbations, which rely heavily on understanding of the pathogenesis and investigation for potential targets. Current evidence indicates that natural killer (NK) cells play important roles in the pathological processes of COPD. Although novel data are revealing the significance of NK cells in maintaining immune system homeostasis and their involvement in pathogenesis of COPD, the specific mechanisms are largely unknown. Specific and in-depth studies elucidating the underlying mechanisms are therefore needed. In this review, we provided a brief overview of the biology of NK cells, from its development to receptors and functions, and outlined their subsets in peripheral blood and lungs. Then we reviewed published findings highlighting the important roles played by NK cells in COPD and its exacerbations, with a view of providing the current state of knowledge in this area to facilitate related in-depth research.
Advancing Ocean Governance in Marine Regions Through Stakeholder Dialogue Processes
Authors: Weiand Laura , Unger Sebastian , Rochette Julien , Müller Alexander , Neumann Barbara
Published: May 2021

The poor state of the ocean and the transboundary nature of the marine environment require bold action by States coordinated across sectors and territorial boundaries in order to deal with the manifold challenges the ocean is facing—and with it humankind. Cooperation and coordination among States and stakeholders in marine regions have proven to be important levers for policy implementation and to strengthen ocean governance, yet remain challenging. Transparent and engaging stakeholder dialogue processes have the potential to provide guidance for the necessary transformation toward ocean sustainability and support the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) for the ocean, SDG 14 and other interlinked ocean-related targets. The aim of this study is to review the challenges and opportunities of current collaborative efforts, namely multi-stakeholder dialogue and exchange processes, within and between marine regions to accelerate transformative action, contributing to these global goals. This paper builds on knowledge co-production and collaborative governance literature, and reviews experiences by stakeholders with ocean-related science-policy interfaces in an effort to strengthen regional ocean governance. As an exemplary case of such interfaces, this study assesses the Marine Regions Forum, a newly established inclusive dialogue and exchange platform for diverse actors from marine regions that aims to provide an informal space for joint learning and support regional action and international governance processes alike. Employing latent content analysis of interviews with experts, critical common barriers that hamper current collaborative efforts amongst stakeholders in marine regions are identified, such as fragmented governance frameworks, power and resource imbalances, and lack of meaningful stakeholder engagement. Pathways to address these challenges, such as through common goal orientation, contextualisation, inclusivity, trust building and meaningful continuous interactions are also identified. This paper concludes by discussing the value added of transparent and inclusive collaborative processes in the transformation of ocean governance toward achieving sustainability.
Knowledge Pluralism in First Nations’ Salmon Management
Authors: Bingham Julia A. , Milne Saul , Murray Grant , Dorward Terry
Published: May 2021

There is growing interest in the “integration” of knowledge and values held by Indigenous peoples with Western science into natural resource governance and management. However, poorly conducted integration efforts can risk harming Indigenous communities and reifying colonial legacies. In this regard, dichotomous conceptualizations of Indigenous and scientific knowledges are problematic. In this research, we focus on the role of indigenous and scientific knowledges in the management of coho salmon (Oncorhyncus kisutch) on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia (BC) in a governance context featuring contested authority among First Nations (Indigenous peoples) and the government of Canada. We discuss an example from a particular Indigenous community, Tla-o-qui-aht First Nations (TFN), that has worked with other management bodies to establish practices for the restoration, enhancement and harvest of cuẃit (coho). After outlining relevant Tla-o-qui-aht values, knowledges and decision-making processes, we consider the pluralistic approach to Indigenous and scientific knowledges in Tla-o-qui-aht management of cuẃit and show that pluralistic, co-constitutive, and multiplicative understandings of Indigenous and scientific ways of knowing may provide better grounding for addressing challenges in integration efforts. We also emphasize the importance of engagement with FN community liaisons and deferral to FN leadership to align management efforts with FN structures of knowledge production and governance, maintain ethical engagement, recognize Indigenous agency, and support effective conservation, and management efforts.
Adult Women First Exposed to Early Adversity After 8 Years Old Show Attentional Bias to Threat
Authors: Raymond Catherine , Marin Marie-France , Wolosianski Victoria , Journault Audrey-Ann , Longpré Charlotte , Lupien Sonia J.
Published: May 2021

Exposure to early adversity (EA) is associated with long-lasting dysregulations in cognitive processes sustained by brain regions that are sensitive to stress hormones: the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the prefrontal cortex. The Life Cycle Model of Stress highlights the importance of considering the timing at which EA began, as these brain regions follow distinct developmental trajectories. We aimed to test this hypothesis by assessing whether adults exposed to EA exhibit different cognitive patterns as a function of the age at which they were first exposed to EA. Eighty-five healthy men and women aged 21–40 years old (y/o) exposed to EA, as assessed by the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire, were grouped based on the age of first exposure to EA: 0–2 y/o (“Infancy”: hippocampal development), 3–7 y/o (“Early childhood”: amygdala development) and after the age of 8 (“Childhood/Adolescence”: frontoamygdala connectivity development). Declarative memory, attentional bias to threat and emotion regulation were measured. Results revealed increased attentional bias to threat in women first exposed to EA after 8 years. This result is in line with the Life Cycle Model of Stress and highlights the importance of considering the age at exposure to EA when investigating the effects of EA on cognitive processes.
Clinical Impact of PET With 18F-FDG and 11C-PIB in Patients With Dementia in a Developing Country
Authors: Damian Andres , Portugal Fabiola , Niell Nicolas , Quagliata Adriana , Bayardo Karina , Alonso Omar , Ferrando Rodolfo
Published: May 2021

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical impact PET with 18F-FDG and 11C-PIB in patients with dementia in a developing country.

Methodology: Retrospective study of the patients referred for the evaluation of dementia to the only PET center in Uruguay. A total of 248 patients were identified, from which 70 patients were included based on the availability of medical history and clinical follow-up. Main outcomes included change in diagnosis, diagnostic dilemma and AD treatment. We evaluated the association of clinical outcomes with PET concordance with baseline diagnosis, diagnostic dilemma, level of education, AD pathology/Non-AD pathology (AD/Non-AD), baseline diagnosis and 11C-PIB PET result.

Results: Baseline clinical diagnosis was concordant with 18F-FDG and 11C-PIB PET results in 64.7 and 77.1% of the patients, respectively. Change in diagnosis after PET was identified in 30.0% of the patients and was associated with discordant 18F-FDG (p = 0.002) and 11C-PIB (p < 0.001) PET results, previous diagnostic dilemma (p = 0.005), low education (p = 0.027), Non-AD baseline diagnosis (p = 0.027), and negative 11C-PIB PET result (p < 0.001). Only the last variable remained significant in the multivariate analysis (adjusted p = 0.038). Diagnostic dilemma decreased after PET from 15.7 to 7.1% (p = 0.11) and was associated with Non-AD diagnosis (p = 0.002) and negative 11C-PIB PET result (p = 0.003). Change in AD treatment after PET occurred in 45.7% of the patients.

Conclusion:18F-FDG and 11C-PIB PET had a significant clinical impact in terms of change in diagnosis and treatment in patients with dementia in a developing country, similar to that reported in high-income countries.
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease After Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: Liu Weibing , Yamamoto Tatsuya , Yamanaka Yoshitaka , Asahina Masato , Uchiyama Tomoyuki , Hirano Shigeki , Shimizu Keisuke , Higuchi Yoshinori , Kuwabara Satoshi
Published: May 2021

Background: Indications for subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) surgery are determined basically by preoperative motor function; however, postoperative quality of life (QOL) is not necessarily associated with improvements in motor symptoms, suggesting that neuropsychiatric symptoms might be related to QOL after surgery in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Objectives: We aimed to examine temporal changes in neuropsychiatric symptoms and their associations with QOL after STN-DBS.

Materials and Methods: We prospectively enrolled a total of 61 patients with Parkinson's disease (mean age = 65.3 ± 0.9 years, mean disease duration = 11.9 ± 0.4 years). Motor function, cognitive function, and neuropsychiatric symptoms were evaluated before and after DBS surgery. Postoperative evaluation was performed at 3 months, 1 year, and 3 years after surgery.

Results: Of the 61 participants, 54 completed postoperative clinical evaluation after 3 months, 47 after 1 year, and 23 after 3 years. Frontal lobe functions, depression, and verbal fluency significantly worsened 3 years after STN-DBS. Non-motor symptoms such as impulsivity and the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) part I score were associated with QOL after STN-DBS.

Conclusions: Frontal lobe functions, depression, and verbal fluency significantly worsened 3 years after STN-DBS. The UPDRS part I score and higher impulsivity might be associated with QOL after STN-DBS.
The Interplay Between Programmed Death Ligand 1 and Vimentin in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Bronte Giuseppe , Puccetti Maurizio , Petracci Elisabetta , Landi Lorenza , Cravero Paola , Scodes Simona , Ulivi Paola , Ravaioli Sara , Tumedei Maria Maddalena , Burgio Marco Angelo , Cappuzzo Federico , Delmonte Angelo , Crinò Lucio , Bravaccini Sara
Published: May 2021

Background

Current therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) frequently includes immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab, and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) positivity is mandatory for its use in this setting. Vimentin plays a role in carcinogenesis through the activation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Its prognostic impact in NSCLC has been investigated in numerous studies but little data are available on its relation with PD-L1 expression.

Patients and Methods

We retrospectively retrieved data on patients with advanced NSCLC consecutively enrolled in a clinical trial at our institute. PD-L1 and vimentin expression were determined by immunohistochemistry. Correlations between variables were assessed using the Spearman correlation coefficient. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate overall survival (OS) and the Log-rank test was used to compare survival curves. The association between demographic, clinical and biomarker information and survival was investigated with the Cox model.

Results

Fifty-three patients were included in the study. A weak positive correlation was observed between the PD-L1 and vimentin (ρ=0.41, P=0.003). Patients with PD-L1 values <1% showed a slightly better OS than those with higher values (HR=2.07; 95% CI: 0.92–4.65), but the difference was not significant (P=0.080). No difference in overall survival (OS) was observed on the basis of vimentin expression (HR=1.25; 95% CI: 0.59–2.66; P=0.554). Patients harboring both vimentin and PD-L1 negative expression (<1%) showed a trend towards better survival than those with ≥1% expression (HR=2.31; 95% CI: 0.87-6.17, P=0.093). No significant associations were observed between gender, age at diagnosis, stage at diagnosis, histology, KRAS or EGFR status, radical surgery or immunotherapy and OS.

Conclusions

The weak positive association between PD-L1 and vimentin suggests a potential interplay between these biomarkers. Further research is warranted to evaluate EMT and immune escape as two components of the same process.
Introduction of a New Pathology Workup Protocol for Glottic Cancer Treated With Transoral Laser Microsurgery (TLM): Prospective Analysis of Oncological Outcomes and Matched Case-Control Study
Authors: Meulemans Jeroen , Narimani Sara , Hauben Esther , Nuyts Sandra , Laenen Annouschka , Delaere Pierre , Vander Poorten Vincent
Published: May 2021

Background/Purpose

The value of margin status after TLM for glottic cancer is debatable, due to difficulties in specimen orientation and margin analysis. To reduce these difficulties, we recently introduced a standardized protocol of oriented fixation of TLM specimens. This proved feasible and resulted in high margin evaluability rates and a decreased rate of false positive deep margins, when compared to a historical TLM cohort. For the patients whose specimens were processed according to this protocol, we prospectively analyzed oncological outcomes, identified prognostic factors and assessed the influence of the protocol introduction on outcomes compared with a historical TLM cohort.

Methods

Ninety-six patients with glottic malignancies treated with TLM were included. Resection specimens were processed according to the new protocol. Descriptive statistics and survival analyses were used to determine oncological outcomes. To assess the effect of the protocol introduction on outcomes, a matched-case-control analysis was performed, using a historical TLM-cohort as controls. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze prognostic effects of patient and treatment characteristics, including the pathology protocol introduction, on overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), disease-free survival (DFS) and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS).

Results

Two-year outcomes were favorable: 88.5% OS, 97.0% DSS, and 87.6% LRFS. At multivariable analysis, the presence of multiple positive superficial margins was a negative prognosticator for OS (HR 4.102) and increasing cT classification proved a negative prognosticator for DFS (HR 2.828) and LRFS (HR 2.676). Matched case-control analysis did not reveal a significant difference in oncological outcomes between cohorts. Deep margin status had a strong differential effect for DFS (p-value for interaction = 0.0205) and for LRFS (p-value for interaction = 0.0176) between cohorts, indicating a prognostic effect of deep margin status on both outcomes in the current cohort, but not in the historical cohort.

Discussion/Conclusion

The introduction of a new standardized technique of oriented fixation of TLM specimens did not affect oncological outcomes when compared to a historical TLM cohort, but assigned a significant prognostic effect to deep margin status for DFS and LRFS, facilitating the decision making process with regards to planning of second-look procedures, administration of adjuvant radiotherapy or determination of follow-up intensity.
A Dual Simple Recurrent Network Model for Chunking and Abstract Processes in Sequence Learning
Authors: Wang Lituan , Feng Yangqin , Fu Qiufang , Wang Jianyong , Sun Xunwei , Fu Xiaolan , Zhang Lei , Yi Zhang
Published: May 2021

Although many studies have provided evidence that abstract knowledge can be acquired in artificial grammar learning, it remains unclear how abstract knowledge can be attained in sequence learning. To address this issue, we proposed a dual simple recurrent network (DSRN) model that includes a surface SRN encoding and predicting the surface properties of stimuli and an abstract SRN encoding and predicting the abstract properties of stimuli. The results of Simulations 1 and 2 showed that the DSRN model can account for learning effects in the serial reaction time (SRT) task under different conditions, and the manipulation of the contribution weight of each SRN accounted for the contribution of conscious and unconscious processes in inclusion and exclusion tests in previous studies. The results of human performance in Simulation 3 provided further evidence that people can implicitly learn both chunking and abstract knowledge in sequence learning, and the results of Simulation 3 confirmed that the DSRN model can account for how people implicitly acquire the two types of knowledge in sequence learning. These findings extend the learning ability of the SRN model and help understand how different types of knowledge can be acquired implicitly in sequence learning.
Social Innovation for Food Security and Tourism Poverty Alleviation: Some Examples From China
Authors: Huang Guo-Qing , Tsai Fu-Sheng
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought hunger to millions of people around the world. Social distancing measures coupled with national lockdowns have reduced work opportunities and the overall household incomes. Moreover, the disruption in agricultural production and supply routes is expected to continue into 2021, which may leave millions without access to food. Coincidentally, those who suffer the most are poor people. As such, food security and tourism poverty alleviation are interlinked when discussing social problems and development. While the corporate interest in tourism poverty alleviation is as old as the industrial revolution, little research has been conducted to show how social innovation can be leveraged to reinforce food security and alleviate poverty. Thus, this case study examines the food industry in rural China to establish how it conducts social innovation in food production and distribution to facilitate social development and mitigate poverty.
Psychological Symptoms Among Evacuees From the 2016 Fort McMurray Wildfires: A Population-Based Survey One Year Later
Authors: Belleville Geneviève , Ouellet Marie-Christine , Lebel Jessica , Ghosh Sunita , Morin Charles M. , Bouchard Stéphane , Guay Stéphane , Bergeron Nicolas , Campbell Tavis , MacMaster Frank P.
Published: May 2021

Background: The 2016 wildfires in Fort McMurray (Alberta, Canada) led to a massive displacement of 88,000 people and destroyed 2,400 homes. Although no direct human fatality resulted, many individuals feared for their lives or those of their loved ones.

Objectives: (1) To estimate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress, major depressive, insomnia, generalized anxiety, and substance use disorders in the adult population of Fort McMurray 1 year after the evacuation; (2) To identify pre-, peri-, and post-disaster correlates of mental health disorders.

Methods: A phone survey using random digit sampling was used to survey evacuees. A total of 1,510 evacuees (response rate = 40.2%, 55.5% women, mean age = 44.11, SD = 12.69) were interviewed between May 9th and July 28th, 2017. Five validated scales were administered: the PTSD Symptoms Checklist (PCL-5), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the depression and anxiety subscales of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9, GAD-7), and the CAGE Substance Abuse Screening Tool.

Results: One year after the wildfires, 38% had a probable diagnosis of either post-traumatic stress, major depressive, insomnia, generalized anxiety, or substance use disorder, or a combination of these. Insomnia disorder was the most common, with an estimated prevalence of 28.5%. Post-traumatic stress, major depressive and generalized anxiety disorders were almost equally prevalent, with ~15% each. The estimated prevalence of substance use disorder was 7.9%. For all five mental health disorders, having a mental health condition prior to the fires was a significant risk factor, as well as having experienced financial stress or strain due to the economic decline already present in Fort McMurray. Five post-disaster consequences were significant predictors of four of the five disorders: decrease in work, decrease in social life, poorer current health status, increase in drug and alcohol use, and higher level of stress experienced since the fires.

Conclusion: One year after the fires, more than one third of the evacuees had clinically significant psychological symptoms, including those of insomnia, post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, and substance use. This study helped identify individuals more at risk for mental health issues after a natural disaster and could guide post-disaster psychosocial support strategies.
On the Improvement of Statistical Accounting for Tourist Trips Amidst Crisis
Authors: Ovcharov A. O.
Published: May 2021

The article substantiates the relevance of the issues in question, which have been exacerbated by the coronavirus pandemic and provides a brief overview of the scientific and practical sources, as well as a description of current research related to both traditional methods of statistical accounting of tourist travel and methods based on the use of big data sources.The review shows current methodology as well as different suggestions, encountered in various research studies, on how to assess inbound, outbound and domestic travel. The evolution of Rosstat’s approaches to accounting for the number of inbound and outbound trips has been analyzed, and certain adjustments to existing methods relating to the accounting of organized and unorganized trips have been proposed.The results of calculations illustrating the predominance of unorganized tourism when making inbound and outbound trips are presented. In general, it is concluded that the most difficult is the comprehensive monitoring of internal travel. Three possible approaches to the accounting of trips are shown. The option of using the approach to accounting for domestic tourist travel based on monitoring of passenger traffic, which is consistent with international recommendations and the existing classification group «Tourism» in our country, is proposed. In addition, the option of accounting for domestic regional tourist trips based on official forms of reporting is shown.It is the author’s opinion that the implementation of the reasoned proposals should serve to improve the reliability and objectivity of statistics on tourist travel. This, in turn, will create the conditions for improving measures to support the tourism sector of the economy, particularly necessary in the economic crisis triggered by the coronavirus pandemic.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES CONTAINING METRONIDAZOLE
Authors: Ho Hoang Nhan , Nguyen Van Anh Tuan , Ho Nguyen Anh Thu , Le Thi Thanh Ngoc , Le Hoang Hao
Published: May 2021

Background (including purposes): Periodontitis is a chronic bacterial infection destroying tooth supporting tissues. Although metronidazole exhibits a high effectiveness in the periodontitis treatment, its fast release and the usage frequency of several times per day can become obstacles for the local treatment. Therefore, nanotechnology is necessary to extend the duration of action and reduce the frequency of drug usage per day. The aim of this study was to formulate metronidazole nanoparticles by the nanoprecipitation method and to evaluate their physicochemical properties.

Materials and methods: Metronidazole, Eudragit RS100 polymer were used in this study. Nanoparticles containing metronidazole were prepared by the nanoprecipitation method. The factors of the formulation and manufacturing process of nanoparticles containing metronidazole were investigated. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized in terms of the particle size, polydispersed index (PDI), encapsulation efficiency, etc.

Results: The nanoparticles containing metronidazole were successfully prepared with the spherical shape, the particle size of 201.9 ± 5.6 nm, PDI of 0.092 ± 0.014, and entrapment efficiency of 46.28 ± 1.18%. These nanoparticles could prolong the drug release (53.45 ± 1.49% at 24 hours). The Korsmeyer-Peppas equation best described the release kinetics of the drug from metronidazole nanoparticles.

Key words: Metronidazole, nanoparticle, periodontitis
Pathological characteristics and bcl11a gene analysis in molecular subtypes of breast cancer
Authors: Nguyen Phan Quynh Anh , Dang Cong Thuan , Nguyen Phuong Thao Tien , Nguyen Tran Bao Song
Published: May 2021

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Molecular classification and the analysis of gene expression have been playing a pivotal role in deciding treatment therapy. The aim of study was to identify molecular surrogate subtypes of breast cancer by immunohistochemistry and Dual In Situ Hybridization, analysis of BCL11A gene expression was performed in molecular subtypes by RT-PCR and assessed the correlation between molecular subtypes and clinic-pathological characteristics. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional description study, tumor specimens from 138 patients were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin to diagnosis, histopathological classification, stained with immunohistochemical markers ER, PR, HER2, Ki67 and Dual In Situ Hybridization (DISH) to classify molecular subtypes breast cancer. In which, RNA of 20 samples were extraction and performed by RT-PCR. Results: A significant association between breast carcinoma subtypes with histologic type (p=0.022) and grade (p=0.021). BCL11A was significantly down regulated in all molecular breast cancer subtypes especially in triple negative group. Conclusion: This study may help to understand pathological characteristics and the gene expression of difference breast cancer subtypes, contributing to the successful identification of therapeutic targets for breast cancer, especially triple negative group.
Key words: Invasive breast carcinoma, molecular subtypes, histologic grade, Dual In Situ Hybridization (DISH), qRT-PCR
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN BONE MINERAL DISORDERS AND SOME CLINICAL AND SUBCLINICAL FACTORS IN THE PATIENTS WITH DIALYSIS CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Minh , Vo Tam
Published: May 2021

Objectives: To investigate the correlation between the concentration in blood of bone minerals: Phosphorus, calcium, PTH, vitamin D, β2 microglobulin, aluminium with some clinical and subclinical factors in patients with dialysis chronic kidney patients.

Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study, include 163 patients with dialysis chronic kidney disease, from January 2017 to December 2018 at the Department of Haemodyalysis, District 2 Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City.

Results: Serum phosphorus is negatively correlated with age r = - 0.342; positively correlated with albumin: r = 0.156, urea: r = 0.328, creatinine: r = 0.175, calcium x phosphorus index: r = 0.809,PTH: 0.273. Corrected serum calcium is negatively correlated with albumin: r = - 0.917, Hb: r = - 0.369, urea: r = - 0.178, creatinine: r = - 0.188, calcium x phosphorus index: r = 0.492. Plasma PTH positively correlated with dialysis time: r = 0.336, β2 microglobulin: r = 0.247; negatively correlated with Aluminum: r = - 0.161. Serum vitamin D negatively correlated with age: r = - 0.166, β2microglobulin: r = - 0.231. Serum aluminium positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure: r = 0.207 and systolic: r = 0.209. Serum β2 microglobulin positively correlated with dialysis time: r = 0.233, urea: r = 0.168; negatively correlated with Aluminum: r = - 0.224.

Conclusion: Some bone mineral in dialysis patients are correlated with age, dialysis time, blood pressure, albumin, urea, creatinine. There is also a intercorrelation between bone minerals. Therefore, it is necessary to screen for bone mineral disorders and correlations as recommended by KDOQI, KDIGO.

Key words: End-stage chronic kidney disease, dialysis, correlation, bone mineral disorders
CLINICAL AND SUBCLINICAL CHARACTERICTIS AND PREGNANCY OUTCOME OF FETAL MACROSOMIA AT OBSTETRIC DEPARTMENT AT HUE UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY HOSPITAL
Authors: Truong Thi Linh Giang , Mai Van Quang
Published: May 2021

Background: Fetal macrosomia has a major influence on maternal, neonatal and pregnancy outcomes.Objective: To describe the clinical and subclinical features and the management of fetal macrosomia on pregnancy outcomes. Subjects and methods: Study subjects including pregnant women and babies born ≥ 3500 g with nulliparous and over 4000 grams with primiparous or multiparous at Departement of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. The time of choosing subjects to enter the research group is that after birth, the weight is above 3500/4000 grams, then follow up the pregnancy result and retrospect the clinical and subclinical characteristics. Results: From May 2019 to April 2020, there were 223 pregnant women with the birth weight ≥ 3500 g in this study. The mean neonatal weight for macrosomia was 3869.96 ± 315.72 (g). The birth weight ≥ 4000 g, the rate of cesarean section was 91.5%, vaginal birth was 8.5%. The birth weight 3500 - under 4000 g, the rate of cesarean section was 76%, vaginal birth was 24%. 1.1% maternal complications was perineal tear. Conclusion:Factors related to fetal macrosomia: Maternal age, gender of fetus, parity, a history of fetal macrosomia, maternal height, pregnancy weight gain. Caesarean section is the majority.
Key words: Fetal macrosomia, gestational diabetes mellitus, normal labor, caesarean section.
CHILDHOOD SARCOIDOSIS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Le Thy Phuong Anh
Published: May 2021

Childhood sarcoidosis is an uncommon disease and recognition of this disease in children is often delayed because of the lack of awareness and unfamiliarity with its clinical features. With the aim of providing clues for diagnosis and treatment of disease, we reported a a 23-month-old boy hospitalized for multiple pinkish papules  and painless cystic swellings in ankles and wrists, diagnosed with sarcoidosis, treated with corticosteroid and well recovered. This case reminds us to include childhood sarcoidosis in the differential diagnosis in pediatric patients who present with multiple papular eruptions along with systemic manifestations. It is characterized by arthritis, uveitis, and cutaneous involvement. The prognosis of early-onset childhood sarcoidosis varies in different studies due to the rarity of the disease. The treatment of choice in systemic involvement of childhood sarcoidosis is corticosteroids.
Key words: sarcoidosis in children, childhood sarcoidosis, granulomatous disorder, arthritis, uveitis.
NON-THYROIDAL ILLNESS SYNDROME IN PROGNOSIS OF ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE
Authors: Nguyen Duy Duan , Hoang Khanh
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To investigate Non-Thyroidal Illness Syndrome (NTIS) and the association with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and functional improvement at 3 months in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Materials and methods: we conducted a longitudinal observational study of 57 patients with AIS in Department of Endocrinology-Neurology of Hue Central Hospital from May 2018 to June 2019. Results: NTIS presenting with low FT3 and normal FT4, TSH accounted for 17.54% patients with AIS. NIHSS in the group with NTIS and without NTIS were 12 (8.75 - 15.75;CI: 95%) and 6 (4.00 - 8.00;CI: 95%), respectively. mRS on admission and at 3 months in the group with NTIS are 1.21 and 2.41 higher than in those without NTIS. mRS on admission was an independent prognostic factor of mRS at 3 months. With the cut-off FT3 > 3.755, it predicts patients are likely to recover with 63.90% sensitivity and 71.40% specificity with the Area Under the Cure of 0.70 (95%CI: 0.55 – 0.85). Conclusion: 17.54% patients with AIS had NTIS. The severity of stroke on admission with NIHSS and 3-months functional recovery with mRS in patients with NTIS are worse than in those without NTIS.
Keywords: Non-thyroidal Illness Syndrome, Thyroid function test, acute ischemic stroke prognosis.
STUDY OF DECAF SCORE FOR IN - HOSPITAL MORTALITY PREDICTION OF ACUTE EXACERBATION OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: Van Thi Minh An , Le Van Bang
Published: May 2021

Background: COPD is one of the leading causes of death. The lack of an accurate prognostic tool that can accurately predict in-hospital mortality and help clinicians triage patients to the appropriate level of care is still challenging.

This study aims to: 1/ To evaluate the parameters of DECAF Score, 2/ To assess the prognosis for in-hospital mortality of acute exacerbation of COPD.

Materials and methods: 68 male patients with the diagnosis of acute exacerbation of COPD admitted to the hospital. Admission clinical data and inhospital death rates were recorded. The prognostic value of DECAF score were assessed by the area under the receiver operator characteristic (AUROC) curve.

Results: DECAF score included 5 factors: eosinopenia (26.5%), consolidation (10.3%), acidemia (14.7%), atrial fibrilation (5.9%), eMRCD 5a (10.3%), eMRCD 5b (2.9%). The DECAF AUROC curve for in-hospital mortality was 0.884 (95%CI: 0.783 - 0.949) with sensitivity 77.8% (95%CI: 40.1 - 96.5) and specificity 93.2% (95%CI: 83.5 - 98.1).

Conclusion: DECAF is a simple but powerful predictor of in-hospital mortality for acute exacerbation of COPD.

Key words: DECAF score, acute exacerbation of COPD, mortality, prognostic value
Diversity of Mycoflora in Root and Rhizosphere Regions of Alloteropsis Cimicina (L.) Stapf
Authors: T N Anusha , R Nischitha , M B Shivanna
Published: May 2021

Endophytic fungi described as the internal mycota of living plants. The present study is an attempt to document mycoflora diversity of root, rhizosphere, bulk soil of grass Alloteropsis cimicina (L.) Stapf a less known species from North East India in Bhadra reserve forest region in two different seasons. Isolation, fungal community from collected samples by Moist blotter method, Potato dextrose agar (PDA) method, Malt extract agar (MEA) methodStatistical analysis were done and the mean data by Simpson Diversity Index Shannon Evenness Shannon Diversity Index(H1 ) Simpson Evenness, Colonization frequency and Jaccard’s Similarity Coefficient is measured. There were 700 fungal colonies belonging to 18 species of 11 genera.and four NSF isolated.
Diversity of Moths (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) in Sringeri Taluk, Western Ghats, Karnataka
Authors: K S Sangeetha , S Amulya , K U Gagana , S Nagabhushan , A Vivarshitha
Published: May 2021

The systematic survey was conducted during the month June to August in and around Sringeri taluk, Chickkamagalure district in the year 2020. During study we recorded 33species belongs to 30 genera and13 families. Out of 11 recorded families of moth, family Erebidae was dominated which was followed by Geometridae, Crambidae, Saturnidae Sphingidae and only one species were recorded from, Elachistidae, Pyralidae Zygenidae, Lasiocaampidae, Cossidae, Eupterotinae.
Studies on Population Dynamics of Pratylenchus sp. (Filipjev, 1936) about Soil Abiotic Factor in the Mulberry Field at Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Authors: B Avhad Sunil , J Hiware Chandrashekhar
Published: May 2021

In the present study, the monthly population fluctuation of Pratylenchus sp. (Filipjev, 1936) is ascertain about soil temperature, moisture, pH in mulberry (Morus alba L.) field with economic importance within the sericulture. The studies target is to grasp the influence and impact of those soil abiotic factors on the population of those plant-parasitic nematodes and Correlation coefficients (r) between mean population Pratylenchus spand different soil abiotic factors in Aurangabad Mulberry garden.
Biofuels for Sustainable Development- Evolution of Different Biofuel Generations
Authors: K J Mangala
Published: May 2021

Globalization, industrialization and urbanization have led to the global energy crisis. There is a great demand for non-renewable energy sources to meet the energy needs. This in turn has led to the exhaustion of fossil fuels. Therefore there is an urgent need to rely on alternative energy sources that can be replenished and also ecofriendly. Researchers are now trying to find an alternative solution to replace the consumption of fossil fuels with alternate energy sources. This has led to the evolution of the generation of biofuels. The present study aims to give an overview of the development of the different generations of biofuels for sustainable development in the coming future for global growth. It gives an idea to explore next-generation biofuels to meet our energy needs. Although biofuel is not a ‘Green energy”, it can be used as a substitute energy source. Good energy policies should also be announced by the governments to implement efficiently and effectively.
Effect of Heat Generation (Absorption) on Unsteady MHD flow over a Truncated Cone Embedded in a Stable Thermally Stratified Environment
Authors: G Ashwini
Published: May 2021

This paper examines the effect of heat generation (absorption) on unsteady free convection flow of an incompressible electrically conducting fluid over a truncated cone embedded in a thermally stratified medium in the presence of a transverse magnetic field. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations have been solved numerically, using an efficient implicit finite difference scheme along with quasilinearization technique. The numerical results for skin-friction coefficients and velocity components in x- and y- directions, Nusselt number and temperature profiles are obtained and analyzed for different values of governing parameters. It is observed that, heat generation increases skin friction and decreases heat transfer coefficients, whereas opposite trend is observed during heat absorption. Also it is found that heat generation has a significant effect on temperature profile.
Open-Source RIMS for Institute Publication Archiving and Management
Authors: S N Kumar , M V Sunil
Published: May 2021

The recent development in the institutional ranking by various magazines, private organizations, and government bodies has brought more importance to record management of research publication and research activity (Sunil, 2019). Libraries being the storehouse of knowledge, librarians own the responsibility of managing records about the institute intellectual output and provide data to meet the requirement by assessment, accreditation, survey, and decision-makers. This paper attempts to introduce some of the Research Information Management System (RIMS) tools available in the Open-Source platform to the librarian community. Further, this work discusses certain features that are identified as core or hygiene in RIMS.
Literature and Cultural Studies: A Tool in Criticism
Authors: Patil Sangeeta
Published: May 2021

Cultural Studies is the process by which power relations between and within groups of human beings organize cultural artefact s- such as food habits, music, cinema, sports events and celebrity culture and their meanings. A field of academic study that finds its roots in the Birmingham Centre of Contemporary Cultural Studies (UK) and the work of critics like Raymond Williams, Richard Hoggart and later by Stuart Hall, Tony Bennet and others, Cultural Studies is a discipline between disciplines. It believes that the ‘Culture’ of a community includes various aspects; economic, spatial, ideological, erotic and political. It is interested in the production and consumption of culture.
A Study on Work Stress and its Impact on the Productivity of The Teaching Faculty of Higher Educational Institutions in Bangalore City
Authors: K S Chaitra , V Vasu
Published: May 2021

The present study focuses on understanding the importance the education in the development of every individual in the society as it immensely contributes for the development of both the individual as well as the nation at large. However from the literature available on this concept reveals fact that emergence of business dynamics and academics no longer remains to be a profession which is stress free. Increased globalization and competition in Indian economy has made the teaching profession more dynamic and challenging. The roles and responsibilities to be performed by the faculty members in the educational institutions are not confined only to teaching rather they are expected to perform lot of duties and responsibilities towards institutional capacity building activities. The paper identifies various common stressors experienced by faculty members working in the colleges of Bangalore city in Karnataka.
War and Violence in the Select Poems of Kamala Wijeratne
Authors: M Manjushree
Published: May 2021

Kamala Wijeratne is a significant name in contemporary Sri Lankan poetry.
Historical View: A Study on Hulugana Maradi Temple and Triyamba Keshwara Temple
Authors: P Shantha Kumari
Published: May 2021

The place Huligadri or Huligana Marudi is famous as Dakshina Sheshadri, a temple of lord Shrinivasa.
RELATIONSHIP OF NURSE SERVICE QUALITY WITH PATIENT SATISFACTION IN IN PATIENTROOMS GRANDMED HOSPITAL
Authors: Karokaro Tati Murni , Sitorus Rawaty , Rio Ginting Peni , Lestari Sitepu Abdi , Matua Harahap Safril
Published: May 2021

Hospital is a health service that has permanent facilities and infrastructure consisting of professional medical personnel to provide health services, continuous nursing care, and diagnose and provide disease treatment to patients in need. The hospital must fulfill superior facilities, have professional human resources, all of which are part of influencing services to provide satisfaction to patients. This study aims to determine the relationship between the quality of nurse services and patient satisfaction in the inpatient room of the GrandMed Hospital, using a descriptive survey research type. The sample of this study was 27 patients in the Ns 4D room using a questionnaire instrument. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The results of the research obtained are those who have good quality nurse service 16 people (59.3%) and bad service quality 11 people (40.7%), 17 people who are satisfied (63.0%) and dissatisfied as many 10 people (37.0%), so that the results of the chi square statistical test obtained p value = 0.021, which means that there is a relationship between the quality of nurse services and satisfaction in the 4D patient room of Grandmed Hospital. From the results of this study, the advice that I can give is that nurse  can apply the results of this research and make it into consideration for improving nursing services at the hospital not only in the 4D patient room but to all inpatient rooms at GrangMed Hospital. This research can be examined again with a larger number of samples and a larger number of rooms or hospitals in order to see more broadly about the effect of nursing services on patient satisfaction.
HUBUNGAN POLA MAKAN TERHADAP STATUS GIZI PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI WILAYAH KERJA RUMAH SAKIT GRANDMED LUBUK PAKAM
Authors: Panjaitan Raini , Irwanto Reno , Boffil Cholilullah Andreais , Angraini Salmi
Published: May 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by hyperlycemia. Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus due to intake of carbohydrates, fats and protein. This study aims to see the relationship between diet in the nutrient status of type 2 diabetes mellitus in out patient in Grandmed Hospital Lubuk Pakam. This research method is an observational description with cross-sectional design. The sample is patients type 2 diabetes mellitus in out patient in Grandmed Hospital Lubuk Pakam. The sample is 30 people. The instruments are Food Recall 24 Hours and analyzed by nutrition app Nutri Survey. The data analysis used in this study was the Chi-Square test (95% CI) From the result of this research showed that 44,6% of patients with excess carbohydrate intake with a p value of 0.000 ≤ α (0,05). this research showed that 49,0% of patients with excess fat intake with a p value of 0.000 ≤ α (0,05). this research showed that 38,0% of patients with excess protein intake with a p value of 0.000 ≤ α (0,05). The conclusion are that there is significant relationship between diet in the nutrient status of type 2 diabetes mellitus in out patient in Grandmed Hospital Lubuk Pakam and type 2 diabetes mellitus in out patient nutrient status characteristics categorized as obesity.
What is Data Science? An Operational Definition based on Text Mining of Data Science Curricula
Authors: Zhang Zhiyong , Zhang Danyang
Published: May 2021

Data science has maintained its popularity for about 20 years. This study adopts a bottom-up approach to understand what data science is by analyzing the descriptions of courses offered by the data science programs in the United States. Through topic modeling, 14 topics are identified from the current curricula of 56 data science programs. These topics reiterate that data science is at the intersection of statistics, computer science, and substantive fields.
Liryka dla dzieci jako punkt wyjścia do rozmowy o literaturze i sztuce - ujęcie praktyczne
Authors: Ungeheuer-Gołąb Alicja Anna
Published: May 2021

Tekst obejmuje zagadnienia związane z integracją treści literackich i sztuki na poziomie edukacji elementarnej. Przedstawia przebieg autorskiego warsztatu literackiego z dziećmi prowadzonego metodą pracy zintegrowanej, łączącego treści z zakresu liryki dla dzieci, sztuk plastycznych, filozofii. Jako materiał literacki wykorzystano wiersz Joanny Papuzińskiej pt. Ja. Badaczka zwraca uwagę na specyfikę i konieczność integrowania treści w pracy z dziećmi. Ponadto opisano tu wyniki wywiadu przeprowadzonego z badanymi dziećmi i nauczycielami w obszarze ich stosunku do poznanej metody pracy z tekstem. Badania prowadzono w małej grupie respondentów metodą wywiadu w szkołach podstawowych Krosna. Autorka zawarła w artykule autorskie refleksje na temat prowadzonych działań edukacyjnych i wnioski z przeprowadzonych badań.
Edukacja kulturowa uczniów klas I–III szkoły podstawowej w świetle podstawy programowej i podręcznika Szkolni przyjaciele
Authors: Pusz Sławomira
Published: May 2021

Celem artykułu jest analiza „Podstawy programowej kształcenia ogólnego dla szkoły podstawowej”, obowiązującej od września 2017 roku, oraz podręczników edukacji wczesnoszkolnej serii wydawniczej WSiP Szkolni przyjaciele pod kątem wychowania do kultury. Skoncentrowano się na wartościach i normach społecznych jako wiodącego elementu w oddziaływaniach wychowawczych szkoły, ale uwzględniono także zakres kultury materialnej i symbolicznej zawartych w powyższych źródłach. Zastosowana analiza dokumentów w przypadku podstawy programowej obejmuje swym zakresem cele kształcenia w szkole podstawowej oraz cele i treści kształcenia w klasach I–III. Badanie dotyczy systemu wartości jakie autorzy podręcznika pragną przekazać kolejnym pokoleniom i postaw, które uważają za najważniejsze. Uwzględniono koncepcję ukazywania przez podręczniki rzeczywistości w jej różnych wymiarach – społecznym, materialnym, politycznym; mając na uwadze wiek i możliwości percepcyjne odbiorców tych treści. W wyniku badań stwierdzono, że w porównaniu do zarzutów pojawiających się względem poprzednio obowiązującej podstawy programowej, ta zawiera odniesienia do ponadczasowych wartości dobra, prawdy i piękna, przytoczone są konkretne wartości odnoszące się do patriotyzmu, wychowania obywatelskiego, mniejszy nacisk kładą autorzy na postawy twórcze uczniów i poznanie dorobku w zakresie muzyki czy plastyki. Autorzy podręcznika położyli największy nacisk na wpajanie uczniom społecznych norm i wartości obowiązujących w szkole i rodzinie. Obraz świata prezentowany w podręcznikach jest nieco wyidealizowany i stereotypowy.