bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lexical typology of Mandarin Chinese qualitative features
Authors: Kholkina Liliya
Published: May 2022

The chapter analyses the quality terms of Mandarin Chinese which belong to the semantic domains of heavy and hard, as well as to the subdomains of surface texture (slippery, smooth, and level). We argue that the evidence from Mandarin Chinese accords with the larger typological picture which has been gleaned from languages that are areally and genetically distant from Chinese. This similarity is firstly observed in the literal meanings, which are discussed below for the subdomains of slippery, smooth, and level. Furthermore, the Mandarin data supports the existence of stable links between literal and figurative meanings. With data from the hard domain, we show that the oppositions between the lexemes’ literal meanings determine the results of their semantic shifts. Next, we examine evidence from the heavy domain to demonstrate that a reverse analysis can be applied to predict differences in literal meanings from the differences in metaphoric uses. The concluding sections of the chapter discuss how lexico-typological data can contribute to Chinese lexicology in general.
Constructing a typological questionnaire with distributional semantic models
Authors: Ryzhova Daria , Paperno Denis
Published: May 2022

The paper presents a methodology for automatic construction of lexical typological questionnaires for qualitative semantic domains (e.g. sharp, straight, thick, or smooth). Our algorithm is based on data from a monolingual corpus; it constructs a list of collocations for the corresponding lexemes, computes a vector representation for every collocation, clusters the vector space into semantically homogeneous groups and extracts the three central elements from every cluster. We compare the resulting questionnaires against test data from the semantic domains that are already well studied manually. The algorithm demonstrates high quality results and can be used in the practice of lexical typological research.
Mosquitoes.
Authors: Dhang Partho , Koehler Philip , Pereira Roberto , Dye II Daniel D.
Published: May 2022

This book chapter discusses mosquitoes as deadly disease vectors. Biological control is usually implemented for control of larval populations using predators (e.g. top feeding minnows and copepods) or pathogens and pathogen products (i.e., Bacillus thuringiensis israeliensis and B. sphericus). Genetic control is being implemented by releasing sterilized male mosquitoes (genetically modified, radiation sterilised, or transgenic mosquitoes). It starts with minimizing bites through the use of window screens on houses and animal shelters, and the use of treated bed nets and personal repellents. Habitat modification is a reliable method that eliminates adult resting sites and source reduction of larval development areas.
Flies.
Authors: Dhang Partho , Koehler Philip , Pereira Roberto , Dye II Daniel D.
Published: May 2022

This book chapter discusses flies. Filth-breeding flies are usually broken down by the pest management industry into large flies and small flies. The most common fly is the house fly, and its larvae develop in farm animal manure and decaying plant material. It is important to understand the conditions where filth-breeding fly larvae develop in order to control them in urban settings. Some of the large flies of importance are the house fly, blow fly and flesh fly. Small flies are sometimes called gnats and develop in places like drains, residues of organic matter and food waste. Other fly larvae, like blow flies and flesh flies, develop in decaying meat, dead animals, and high protein decaying waste. Apart from houseflies, the most important flies to the urban pest management industry are the filth-breeding flies. With livestock and poultry production being concentrated into small areas near urban centers, house flies can develop in manure piles and migrate into residences and commercial establishments. The filth-breeding flies are considered very important disease transmitting flies throughout most parts of the world. The food source for filth-breeding fly larvae is usually decaying plant and animal matter. They pick up disease organisms on their bodies or orally, and then move them to human food by contact with their contaminated bodies or by regurgitation of pathogens. The ability of adult flies to move rapidly from decaying plant and animal materials make them important mechanical disease vectors. The important pathogens mechanically transmitted by flies are food poisoning bacteria (Shigella, Salmonella, E. coli) and cholera.
Powderpost beetles and wood pests.
Authors: Dhang Partho , Koehler Philip , Pereira Roberto , Dye, II Daniel D.
Published: May 2022

This chapter provides key questions in urban pest management, focusing on powderpost beetles and wood pests. There are several important beetles that attack wood in nature, but those that cause concern in the urban environment are the ones that are capable of completing their development in seasoned wood, and that can potentially reproduce and produce a new generation of pests that will continuously reinfest wood, causing damage. These pests may be especially difficult to recognize due to their cryptic nature, staying hidden from observation for most of their lifecycle. Control of wood pests is not always possible before considerable damage is done. Thus, prevention is important in minimizing damage.
Fleas, ticks and mites.
Authors: Dhang Partho , Koehler Philip , Pereira Roberto , Dye II Daniel D.
Published: May 2022

This book chapter discusses fleas, ticks, and mites. Fleas are insects with six legs, three body regions, and antennae on the head; whereas ticks and mites are arachnids with eight legs in the adult stage, two body regions, and lack antennae. All three groups are important transmitters of disease and are difficult to control. Flea control is most commonly accomplished with oral or topical applications of drugs or insecticides to pets as prescribed by veterinarians. These applications control fleas by either contact with the host or ingestion of blood containing a toxicant. Pest control technicians often control fleas with residual sprays containing a mixture of insecticides and insect growth regulators. Pest control technicians usually treat the insides of houses and yards around houses focusing on the edges of woods, lawns, and borders adjacent to known tick habitats. Ticks are prevented with protective clothing, personal repellents, and acaricides applied to infested habitats. Most mites in urban areas are parasites associated with rodents, birds, or humans: chiggers, stored food mites and house dust mites. The complete life cycle can occur in as little as 2 to 3 weeks, and huge populations can occur rapidly.
Stored product pests.
Authors: Dhang Partho , Koehler Philip , Pereira Roberto , Dye, II Daniel D.
Published: May 2022

This chapter provides key questions in urban pest management, focusing on pests of stored products such as food, clothing, furnishings, artifacts and books. Stored product insects are comprised of only two insect groups or orders. These insect groups are moths (Lepidoptera) and beetles (Coleoptera) which also comprises weevils. Control and management of stored product pests can be achieved by a number of methods. These include a step-by-step process that covers sanitation, proper storage, safe transportation, insecticide application and continuous monitoring.
Birds and bats.
Authors: Dhang Partho , Koehler Philip , Pereira Roberto , Dye II Daniel D.
Published: May 2022

This chapter describes the pest management and control measures of birds and bats. At the end of the chapter, a set of key questions are presented.
Diamond—the ultimate material for exploring physics of spin-defects for quantum technologies and diamondtronics
Authors: Das Dhruba , Raj Rahul , Jana Jayanta , Chatterjee Subhajit , Ganapathi K L , Chandran Maneesh , Ramachandra Rao M S
Published: May 2022

Diamond due to its outstanding optical, electrical, mechanical and thermal properties finds an important place in electronic, opto-electronic and quantum technologies. Recent progresses showing superconductivity in diamond by boron doping has opened up many avenues including its applications in SQUID devices especially with polycrystalline diamond films. Granular boron doped diamond films find applications in quantum inductance devices where high surface inductance is required. Particularly important are the defect centers in diamond like nitrogen-vacancy (N-V), silicon vacancy (SiV) and other color centers which are ideal candidates for next generation quantum hardware systems. For efficient device applications, an indispensable need remains for a substitutional donor in diamond lattice that yields a lower thermal activation energy at room temperature. In this review, a comprehensive summary of research and the technological challenges has been reported including some of the results on nitrogen doping in polycrystalline diamond to understand the transport phenomenon emphasizing on its possible future applications.
Modeling physician’s preference in treatment plan approval of stereotactic body radiation therapy of prostate cancer
Authors: Gao Yin , Shen Chenyang , Gonzalez Yesenia , Jia Xun
Published: May 2022

Objective. Treatment planning of radiation therapy is a time-consuming task. It is desirable to develop automatic planning approaches to generate plans favorable to physicians. The purpose of this study is to develop a deep learning based virtual physician network (VPN) that models physician’s preference on plan approval for prostate cancer stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Approach. VPN takes one planning target volume (PTV) and eight organs at risk structure images, as well as a dose distribution of a plan seeking approval as input. It outputs a probability of approving the plan, and a dose distribution indicating improvements to the input dose. Due to the lack of unapproved plans in our database, VPN is trained using an adversarial framework. 68 prostate cancer patients who received 45

Gy

in 5-fraction SBRT were selected in this study, with 60 patients for training and cross validation, and 8 patients for independent testing. Main results. The trained VPN was able to differentiate approved and unapproved plans with Area under the curve 0.97 for testing data. For unapproved plans, after applying VPN’s suggested dose improvement, the improved dose agreed with ground truth with relative differences

2.03
±
2.17
%

for PTV

D

98
%

,

0.49
±
0.29
%

for PTV

V

95
%

,

3.08
±
2.24
%

for penile bulb

D

mean

,

3.73
±
2.20
%

for rectum

V

50
%

,

and

2.06
±
1.73
%

for bladder

V

50
%

.

Significance. VPN was developed to accurately model a physician’s preference on plan approval and to provide suggestions on how to improve the dose distribution.
Real-time marker-less tumor tracking with TOF PET: in silico feasibility study
Authors: Cheng Xinyi , Yang Dongxu , Zhong Yuncheng , Shao Yiping
Published: May 2022

Purpose. Although positron emission tomography (PET) can provide a functional image of static tumors for RT guidance, it’s conventionally very challenging for PET to track a moving tumor in real-time with a multiple frame/s sampling rate. In this study, we developed a novel method to enable PET based three-dimension (3D) real-time marker-less tumor tracking (RMTT) and demonstrated its feasibility with a simulation study. Methods. For each line-of-response (LOR) acquired, its positron-electron annihilation position is calculated based on the time difference between the two gamma interactions detected by the TOF PET detectors. The accumulation of these annihilation positions from data acquired within a single sampling frame forms a coarsely measured 3D distribution of positron-emitter radiotracer uptakes of the lung tumor and other organs and tissues (background). With clinically relevant tumor size and sufficient differential radiotracer uptake concentrations between the tumor and background, the high-uptake tumor can be differentiated from the surrounding low-uptake background in the measured distribution of radiotracer uptakes. With a volume-of-interest (VOI) that closely encloses the tumor, the count-weighted centroid of the annihilation positions within the VOI can be calculated as the tumor position. All these data processes can be conducted online. The feasibility of the new method was investigated with a simulated cardiac-torso digital phantom and stationary dual-panel TOF PET detectors to track a 28 mm diameter lung tumor with a 4:1 tumor-to-background 18FDG activity concentration ratio. Results. The initial study shows TOF PET based RMTT can achieve <2.0 mm tumor tracking accuracy with 5 frame s−1 sampling rate under the simulated conditions. In comparison, using reconstructed PET images to track a similar size tumor would require >30 s acquisition time to achieve the same tracking accuracy. Conclusion. With the demonstrated feasibility, the new method may enable TOF PET based RMTT for practical RT applications.
Simple and statistically sound recommendations for analysing physical theories
Authors: AbdusSalam Shehu S , Agocs Fruzsina J , Allanach Benjamin C , Athron Peter , Balázs Csaba , Bagnaschi Emanuele , Bechtle Philip , Buchmueller Oliver , Beniwal Ankit , Bhom Jihyun , Bloor Sanjay , Bringmann Torsten , Buckley Andy , Butter Anja , Camargo-Molina José Eliel , Chrzaszcz Marcin , Conrad Jan , Cornell Jonathan M , Danninger Matthias , de Blas Jorge , De Roeck Albert , Desch Klaus , Dolan Matthew , Dreiner Herbert , Eberhardt Otto , Ellis John , Farmer Ben , Fedele Marco , Flächer Henning , Fowlie Andrew , Gonzalo Tomás E , Grace Philip , Hamer Matthias , Handley Will , Harz Julia , Heinemeyer Sven , Hoof Sebastian , Hotinli Selim , Jackson Paul , Kahlhoefer Felix , Kowalska Kamila , Krämer Michael , Kvellestad Anders , Martinez Miriam Lucio , Mahmoudi Farvah , Santos Diego Martinez , Martinez Gregory D , Mishima Satoshi , Olive Keith , Paul Ayan , Prim Markus Tobias , Porod Werner , Raklev Are , Renk Janina J , Rogan Christopher , Roszkowski Leszek , Ruiz de Austri Roberto , Sakurai Kazuki , Scaffidi Andre , Scott Pat , Sessolo Enrico Maria , Stefaniak Tim , Stöcker Patrick , Su Wei , Trojanowski Sebastian , Trotta Roberto , Sming Tsai Yue-Lin , Van den Abeele Jeriek , Valli Mauro , Vincent Aaron C , Weiglein Georg , White Martin , Wienemann Peter , Wu Lei , Zhang Yang
Published: May 2022

Physical theories that depend on many parameters or are tested against data from many different experiments pose unique challenges to statistical inference. Many models in particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology fall into one or both of these categories. These issues are often sidestepped with statistically unsound ad hoc methods, involving intersection of parameter intervals estimated by multiple experiments, and random or grid sampling of model parameters. Whilst these methods are easy to apply, they exhibit pathologies even in low-dimensional parameter spaces, and quickly become problematic to use and interpret in higher dimensions. In this article we give clear guidance for going beyond these procedures, suggesting where possible simple methods for performing statistically sound inference, and recommendations of readily-available software tools and standards that can assist in doing so. Our aim is to provide any physicists lacking comprehensive statistical training with recommendations for reaching correct scientific conclusions, with only a modest increase in analysis burden. Our examples can be reproduced with the code publicly available at Zenodo.
High velocity impact on generic CFRP blade specimen: baseline free method for impact localisation and damage assessment on complex structures
Authors: Cuomo Stefano , Bätzel Tim , Modler Niels , Hornig Andreas , Meo Michele
Published: May 2022

Nowadays components made of unidirectional composite materials are largely diffused in many engineering fields, such as automotive, railways, marine and aerospace. Main drawback of this class of materials lies in their low out-of-plane properties making them very sensible to impulsive loads such as impact events. After a collision with an external object, composites structures could be affected by damage, sometimes not visible from visual inspections (barely visible damage) hence with detrimental consequences on structure resistance and strength. Therefore, it is fundamental in terms of safety to continuously assess the healthy state of structures during their life and determine whether an impact event has occurred and if it caused damage or not. This work proposes a baseline free methodology to determine the coordinates of very high velocity impact on complex structures and evaluate if damage has occurred during the impact by only acquiring signal during the impact event. The technique overcomes the common limitations of previous technique presented in literature, i.e.a prioriknowledge of mechanical properties, vibration response analysis, wave propagation direction dependency, sensor locations. The routine developed is based first on the estimation of the power of the acoustic emission generated by impact events, at sensors location, then the power information through the entire structure is reconstructed exploiting radial basis function network. The actual impact estimation is finally obtained using a weighted method. Furthermore, damage assessment is conducted with a novel method based on Hilbert–Huang transform and mode decomposition. Experimental tests were performed on a generic carbon fibre reinforced polymers blade specimen with a complex stacking sequence and embedded sensors. Two test configurations at different velocities were considered: one at 90 m s−1and one at 190 m s−1. Before and afterwards the actual impact tests, the blade was excited as well with a modal hammer (pre and post impact). The results from the impact analysis highlighted the validity and reliability of the proposed method, with a high level of accuracy in terms of impact localisation estimation, and qualitative integrity state was effectively evaluated.
The power threshold of H-mode access in mixed hydrogen–tritium and pure tritium plasmas at JET with ITER-like wall
Authors: Birkenmeier G. , Solano E.R. , Lerche E. , Taylor D. , Gallart D. , Mantsinen M.J. , Delabie E. , Carvalho I.S. , Carvalho P. , Pawelec E. , Hillesheim J.C. , Parra Diaz F. , Silva C. , Aleiferis S. , Bernardo J. , Boboc A. , Douai D. , Litherland-Smith E. , Henriques R. , Kirov K.K. , Maggi C.F. , Mailloux J. , Maslov M. , Rimini F.G. , Silburn S.A. , Sirén P. , Weisen H.
Published: May 2022

The heating power to access the high confinement mode (H-mode), P
LH, scales approximately inversely with the isotope mass of the main ion plasma species as found in (protonic) hydrogen, deuterium and tritium plasmas in many fusion facilities over the last decades. In first dedicated L–H transition experiments at the Joint European Torus (JET) tokamak facility with the ITER-like wall (ILW), the power threshold, P
LH, was studied systematically in plasmas of pure tritium and hydrogen–tritium mixtures at a magnetic field of 1.8 T and a plasma current of 1.7 MA in order to assess whether this scaling still holds in a metallic wall device. The measured power thresholds, P
LH, in Ohmically heated tritium plasmas agree well with the expected isotope scaling for metallic walls and the lowest power threshold was found in Ohmic phases at low density. The measured power thresholds in ion cyclotron heated plasmas of pure tritium or hydrogen–tritium mixtures are significantly higher than the expected isotope mass scaling due to higher radiation levels. However, when the radiated power is taken into account, the ion cyclotron heated plasmas exhibit similar power thresholds as a neutral beam heated plasma, and are close to the scaling. The tritium plasmas in this study tended to higher electron heating fractions and, when heated with ion cyclotron waves, to relatively higher radiation fractions compared to other isotopes potentially impeding access to sustained H-modes.
Mathematical verification of dual-frequency characteristic in rotating cavitations
Authors: Yoon Youngkuk , Song Seung Jin
Published: May 2022

Unlike other common rotating instabilities such as rotating stall, unsteady pressure measurement of inducer rotating cavitation had shown dual-frequency characteristic: the Fourier transformation of the pressure signals showed two distinct frequency peaks. It was assumed that the dual-frequency characteristic is originated from the non-linear interaction between the actual oscillation frequency of the cavity and the blade passing frequency. However, the manifestation of the rotating cavitation as dual-frequency peaks has only been observed experimentally and yet explained theoretically. Thus, based on the oscillating nature of the rotating cavitation, the present paper provides mathematical framework to show that the dual-frequency characteristics can be derived from the phase-locked oscillating cavities. The rotating cavitation is first expressed with respect to the rotating frame, and then transformed into the stationary frame to determine frequency peaks. The predicted frequency peak of the rotating cavitation unsteady pressure signal well captures the experimental results from previous research.
Numerical investigation of rotating cavitation in a three blade inducer
Authors: Mu Zhendong , Chen Tairan , Liang Wendong
Published: May 2022

The rotating cavitation in the inducer has a crucial influence on the safety and operation efficiency of heavy-duty liquid rocket engines. The objective of this paper is to investigate the rotating cavitation behaviors in the inducer and the influence of thermodynamic effects on the inducer performance, under a wide range of operating conditions. The cavitating flows through a three-blade inducer with room temperature water and liquid oxygen was numerically investigated. The numerical approaches considering the thermal effects are verified by the experimental data. The results show that as the inlet pressure decreases, cavity firstly grows near the blade tip clearance and extends to the blade surface. As the pressure further decreases, the cavity volume becomes larger and blocks the entire flows passage. It causes the dramatic drop of head performance of inducer. A periodical evolution of cavity volume in each blade was analyzed. The characteristic frequency and radial force amplitude of rotating cavitation generally agreed with the experimental measurements. The results show that the variation of radial force on the hub is related to the evolution of the cavity area. At the same cavitation number and flow rate coefficient, the breakdown point of liquid oxygen is later than that of room temperature water due to the thermodynamic effects.
Numerical analysis of the cavitating flow in an axial flow waterjet pump with special emphasis on the tip leakage flow and tip leakage vortex
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyang , Chen Tairan , Huang Biao , Wang Guoyu
Published: May 2022

Due to the structural design requirements, tip leakage flow is a common phenomenon in the field of axial flow rotating machinery. The tip leakage flow interacts with the mainstream and induce complex tip leakage vortex. When the local pressure drops to the saturation pressure, cavitation may occur in flow passage and the vortex core. The tip leakage cavitating flow has a huge effect on the flow stability, which may reduce the efficiency of the waterjet pump. In the present study, Zwart cavitation model and SST k-ω turbulence model are employed to simulate the cavitating flow. The new proposed Liutex criterion has been used to capture the vortex structures in the flow passage and the tip gap. The vorticity transport equation in cylindrical coordinates is also used to discuss the variation tendency of the vorticity in the vicinity of the gap region under cavitation condition. The evolution of the cavitation is proved to be vital important for the formation and the breakdown of the tip leakage vortex. By analyzing the vorticity transport equation, the stretching term is shown to be the decisive factor.
Internal flow characteristics of water-ring of pump-turbine during pump mode’s starting-up
Authors: Zhang Fei , Chen Shuai , Chen Zhenmu , Zhu Baoshan
Published: May 2022

Synchronous condenser mode is an important process for the conversion of pumped storage units. The compressed air is injected into the runner passage to reduce the input power under the condition of pump mode’s starting-up. In this study, a pump turbine model with medium specific speed was utilized for investigating the internal flow characteristic of water-ring. Unsteady state analysis was conducted with the turbulence model of RNG k-ε and multiphase flow model of VOF. The internal flow of the vaneless and the tandem cascade spaces was examined under the water-ring phenomenon. The results show that the air and water form an interface in the vaneless space obviously and a certain thickness of water-ring was formed. Water-ring prevents the air from runner passage into casing, which play a sealing role.
Aeroacoustic simulation of broadband sound generated from a cross-flow fan using immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Kusano K , Furukawa M , Sakoda K , Fukui T
Published: May 2022

In this study, we investigated the capability of the immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method (IB-LBM) in simulating the broadband sound generated from a cross-flow fan. The present method is based on the lattice Boltzmann equation with the D3Q27 particle velocity model, and the cascaded collision operator was used to stably simulate high-Reynolds-number flows. Furthermore, the direct-forcing approach was used to consider rotating blades in the regular lattice. To capture turbulence eddies in the rotor, we used a high-resolution grid that contained approximately 340 million nodes. The simulation successfully captured the fundamental flow features of the cross-flow fan such as the eccentric vortex, and the simulation results were consistent with the experimental results in terms of the time-averaged velocity distribution at the outlet of the fan. In addition, by resolving turbulent eddies in the impeller, the simulation successfully predicted the broadband sound spectrum in the frequency range of 2 kHz or less.
The relation between internal flow and loss mechanism of unshrouded runners
Authors: Nagata Shunsuke , Irie Tatsuya , Miyagawa Kazuyoshi
Published: May 2022

High efficiency, low-cost, and reliable hydraulic turbines are in high demand for hydroelectric power generation, especially in medium and small-scale power plants. The authors’ laboratory has been developing unshrouded, i.e., band-opened runners of turbines to meet the demand. Those runners feature highly efficient performance and less expensive manufacturing costs produced by cutting, not by casting. For the sake of developing further improved unshrouded runners, it is necessary to understand their loss mechanism in detail. Therefore, in this study, the internal flow and the loss mechanism are investigated experimentally and computationally, with two different specific speed hydro turbine runners. First, Euler’s theoretical head on each runner is discussed to identify if they are influenced by the distinct specific speed. It demonstrated that the low specific speed turbine consumes greater potential energy in centrifugal force. Secondary, the loss mechanism in the unshrouded runners is investigated. The result showed that the dominant loss is caused by a tip leakage vortex developed by the collision of a leakage flow at the tip clearance and a secondary flow.
Measurement of dynamic stress and optimized start-up method for prototype Francis turbine
Authors: Mukai T , Shima R , Nakazono M , Tezuka K
Published: May 2022

This paper describes the measurement method and results of dynamic stress for a prototype high head Francis turbine runner, blades of which had fatigue cracks near the root of the blade outlet band side within one-year operation. In order to specify the cause of the cracks, first of all, dynamic stress of the runner blade was measured throughout complete one cycle operation including start-up, no load operation, increase/decrease of load and stopping. Excessive variable strain at the portion near the crack occurred at very low rotational speed during start-up. The large strains occurring during start-up are not due to Rotor-Stator Interaction, other definite cyclic forced vibration or resonance, but the stochastic vibration. Consequently, start-up mode survey was conducted with dynamic stress measurement. As a conclusion, maintaining a small guide vane opening below a certain rotational speed is an effective indicator to reduce the strain during start-up and to minimize the damage caused by this phenomenon.
GLSTM-DTA: Application of Prediction Improvement Model Based on GNN and LSTM
Authors: Liang Yigao , Jiang Shaohua , Gao Min , Jia Fengjiao , Wu Zaoyang , Lyu Zhijian
Published: May 2022

Most prediction models of drug-target binding affinity (DTA) treated drugs and targets as sequences, and feature extraction networks could not sufficiently extract features. Inspired by DeepDTA and GraphDTA, we proposed an improved model named GLSTM-DTA for DTA prediction, which combined Graph Neural Network (GNN) and Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM). The feature extraction block consists of two parts: GNN block and LSTM block, which extract drug features and protein features respectively. The novelty of our work is using LSTM, instead of Convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract protein sequence features, which is facilitating to capture long-term dependencies in sequence. In addition, we also converted drugs into graph structures and use GNN for feature extraction. The improved model performs better than DeepDTA and GraphDTA. The comprehensive results prove the advantages of our model in accurately predicting the binding affinity of drug-targets.
Development and Validation of AEBS Anti-slip Control Model for In-wheel Motor Drive EV in AMESim Co-simulation with Matlab/Simulink
Authors: Yang Yu , Liu Yang , Wang Chao
Published: May 2022

The Advanced Emergency Braking System (AEBS) is an intelligent vehicle active safety system to avoid certain sorts of collisions. Recent researches on AEBS emphasized radar, lasers and video camera technologies mostly, also controller developments were studied from Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) to Vehicle to Pedestrian(V2P) and other aspects with different scenarios, aiming to enhance the active safety of the vehicle. However, most of the current systems focus little on braking performance of AEBS, especially for EV with distributed drive system, like in-wheel motors. In this paper, A 15 Degree of Freedom (DOF) distributed drive Electric Vehicle (EV) model was created and an Anti-slip Controller of AEBS based on the logic threshold method was built. To validate this control strategy, a co-simulation platform between Simulink and AMESim was established and vehicle braking dynamic of four in-wheel motor drive EV was evaluated. Results display that the designed controller not only enhanced the braking performance of AEBS under sudden braking on slippery surface condition, but also meet the requirement of UNECE braking regulation which has practical meanings in boosting active safety of a four in-wheel motor drive EV and development of industrialization.
Simulation and Optimization Design for Energy Absorption Characteristics of Multi-cell Thin-walled Structures
Authors: Ou Disheng , Yao Jiaxiang
Published: May 2022

Based on muti-cell thin-walled structures, construct variety of circular, octagonal, hexagonal multi-cell thin-walled tubes, energy absorption characteristics were studied. Used ANSYS to 12 different cross-sectional shapes of thin-walled tubes axial compression characteristics to nonlinear numerical simulation. The best cross-sectional shape was determined by comparing the energy absorption of different cross-sectional shapes. The thickness of inner and outer walls of thin-walled tubes and stiffened ribs were taken as design variables. Taking the strain energy density and peak force as targets, a response surface model was fitted and multi-objective optimization was performed. The optimization results show that strain energy density and compression efficiency are improved under premise of small peak force.
Simulation and Calculation of Sea State Bias Based on the Electromagnetic Backscattering from the Simulated Nonlinear Rough Sea Surface
Authors: Tian Jiasheng , Shi Jian
Published: May 2022

Due to the improvement of satellite orbit determination technology, sea state bias(SSB) has become the main source of altimeter height measurement error. In this paper, the physical mechanism and causes of SSB are simulated and analyzed by electromagnetic scattering, and the SSB correction method and model are given. Firstly, this paper simulates and studies four kinds of nonlinear rough sea surface and their electromagnetic scattering characteristics for the first time, calculates SSB from the physical mechanism of SSB, and analyzes the physical mechanism and process causes of SSB from the electromagnetic scattering characteristics. Secondly, a fitting model to correct SSB is proposed in terms of the electromagnetic simulation. Finally, the paper compares the “true value of SSB” of HY-2B satellite radar altimeter in China’s offshore waters with SSB calculated by the simulating model. The comparison results show that they are consistent with a weak bias, indicating that it is an effective method to correct SSB by simulating nonlinear rough sea surface and its electromagnetic scattering. It is expected to improve the accuracy of SSB correction by the new way of simulating the physical mechanism and causes of SSB.
A Novel Downlink Transmission Scheme for NOMA Systems
Authors: Sheng B
Published: May 2022

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique can considerably increase the spectral efficiency by serving multiple users simultaneously at the same time-frequency resource, but with different transmit powers. However, superimposing multiple users’ data symbols on the same time-frequency resources will inevitably increase amplitude fluctuation of the composite signal which makes its instantaneous power vary largely at transmitter. To prevent the case of low power appearing, a novel downlink transmission scheme is put forward in this paper. Instead of the original data sequence, its cyclically shifted version with the highest power is transmitted. Since the received signal always has a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), up to 3dB gain in bit error rate (BER) performance can be achieved which validates the effectiveness of the cyclically shifting method.
Optimized Design and Implementation of Testing Laboratory Based on Blockchain Technology
Authors: Yuan Jiamei , Ding Jianshun , Ma Yifeng , Zhou Yonggang , Liu Yongge , Chen Yue
Published: May 2022

Traditional testing laboratories suffer from inefficient management of testing equipment, high maintenance efficiency costs, non-transparent testing processes and easy tampering of testing data. This paper makes use of blockchain technology somewhat to optimise the design of data traceability for testing laboratories. Through the optimised design of this paper, an intelligent testing process is achieved for the traditional testing laboratory. At the same time, the level of secure storage of data is improved, making the testing process and test results safer and more reliable. This paper uses blockchain technology to optimise the testing laboratory and achieves significant results. The novel way of using blockchain technology to do data traceability explored in this paper has reference significance and application value for the optimisation and upgrading of traditional laboratories.
A Two-stage Inexact Programming with Value-at-risk under Uncertainty
Authors: Kong Xiangming , Wang Donglin , Zhao Jing , Cheng Rong
Published: May 2022

Measuring risks for two-stage programming model has certain theoretical and actual significance. Therefore, a model of two-stage inexact programming with value-at-risk (TIPV) has been developed. The highlights of TIPV are (1) it can reflect the effects of uncertain parameters including random variables and intervals of fuzzy boundary; and (2) the potential risks of recourse can be revealed. A solution algorithm is developed through considering uncertainties, two-stage and VaR comprehensively.
A Method of Constructing Power System Dispatcher Personas Based on Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Shi Hujun , Zhang Yunju
Published: May 2022

The recommendation algorithm has been applied in many fields and achieved pretty results in recent years. The personas for a large number of dispatchers in the power system are an indispensable step in the process of intelligent recommendation. In order to recommend dispatchers of different levels according to different operation scenarios, the aim of dispatcher personas is the classification of business level. In this paper, we focused on constructing dispatcher personas of Chinese power system. Unlike of the previous research work, we used convolutional neural network(CNN) to create dispatcher personas. The contributions of this paper are reflected in the following aspects: 1. dataset were built automatically based on internal data; 2. a CNN text classifier were trained to construct the dispatcher personas; 3. the effectiveness of the model is proved by experiments on real data. The experimental results show that the method proposed in the paper is superior to the baseline method and the average accuracy is 96%.
An Improved Schema of Brain-computer Interface Based on Motor Imagery with Eye Movement
Authors: Yu Hao , Deng Yifei , Yan Fuwu , Guan Zhizhou , Peng Fuming
Published: May 2022

Motor imagery (MI) can induce electroencephalogram (EEG) and realize human-computer interaction, but this kind of interaction has poor robustness and low stability. To solve these problems, we improved MI paradigms with eye movement and proposed convolutional neural network classification models based on attention mechanism. We conducted a comparative study to evaluate the performance of MI with different eye movement patterns, i.e. smooth pursuit MI (PMI), saccade MI (SMI) and pure MI. The differences between Squeeze-Excitation (SE) module and Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) module were also explored. The results of power spectral density (PSD) showed that PMI paradigm induced the most significant event-related desynchronization (ERD) phenomenon and the average classification accuracy for PMI signals was also the best in the three paradigms. The combined EEGNet and SE framework achieved an average classification accuracy of 90.77%, which performed better than the model without attention module. PMI can optimize attention allocation of subjects, assist in the construction of motion thinking, and improve the quality of MI signals. EEGNet with SE module showed improved classification performance.
Research on Target Defect Detection Based on Machine Vision
Authors: Lu Chuqiao , Li Zhiyong , Shi Shaoyue , Peng Shaolong
Published: May 2022

The daily detection of highspeed electric multiple units (EMU) body is very important for China railway maintenance system. This paper proposes a new method based on machine vision to detect bolts and switches on EMU side skirt, which aims to replace manpower. Yolov3 network is used to identify and locate bolts and switches. After positioning, the status of bolts is detected through Alexnet network. Experiments show that the processing method can achieve the detection work efficiently and accurately. It is suitable for many cases such as insufficient illumination and non-vertical shooting of image samples, which has high robustness.
Parametric gap solitons in PT-symmetric optical structures
Authors: Komissarova M V , Lysak T M , Zakharova I G , Kalinovich A A
Published: May 2022

It is well known that quadratic nonlinearity and feedback through Bragg periodicity are the basis for parametric gap solitons. The major part of the relevant investigations refers to passive systems. At the same time, optical systems supplemented with active elements can demonstrate unusual properties. Asymmetry intrinsic to structures with parity-time (PT) symmetry is a bright confirmation of this statement. The interplay of nonlinearity, Bragg reflection and gain/loss profile can lead to the complicated pattern of wave interactions and novel results. In this study we address the properties of two-color solitons in complex PT symmetric periodic structures with quadratic nonlinearity. We focus on the case of single Bragg resonance. We reveal the region of parameters where stable parametric solitons may exist. We demonstrate that characteristics of forming solitons depend on the order of alteration of amplifying and absorbing layers.
Development of a Laser Frequency Stabilization and an Optical Transmission System for the Francium Electric Dipole Moment Search
Authors: Nakamura K , Nagase S , Nakashita T , Hayamizu T , Aoki T , Nagahama H , Ozawa N , Sato M , Yamane K , Fukase M , Uehara D , Takamine A , Sakemi Y
Published: May 2022

We developed a laser frequency stabilization and an optical fiber transmission system for the the francium electric dipole moment search. The absolute accuracy of a laser frequency stabilization scheme using a state-of-the-art commercial wavelength meter was 0.48 MHz at ±2 nm and -1.33 MHz at ±200 nm from calibration wavelength, respectively, and the frequency instability is below 10-9 with a standard deviation of 0.56 MHz over 60 hours. We also demonstrated that a 400 m long fiber laid between laboratories can transmit 30 mW of trapping laser light, which is sufficient for a magneto-optical trapping of francium. The polarization crosstalk in the fiber was stable at -25 dB over 12 hours of measurement.
Calculating critical temperature and critical exponents by self-similar approximants
Authors: Yukalov V.I. , Yukalova E.P.
Published: May 2022

Self-similar approximation theory allows for defining effective sums of asymptotic series. The method of self-similar factor approximants is applied for calculating the critical temperature and critical exponents of the O(N)-symmetric φ
4 field theory in three dimensions by summing asymptotic ε expansions. This method is shown to be essentially simpler than other summation techniques involving complicated numerical calculations, while enjoying comparable accuracy.
Coherent and incoherent superposition of transition matrix elements of the squeezing operator
Authors: Varró Sándor
Published: May 2022

We discuss the general matrix elements of the squeezing operator between number eigenstates of a harmonic oscillator (which may also represent a quantized mode of the electromagnetic radiation). These matrix elements have first been used by Popov and Perelomov (1969) long ago, in their thorough analysis of the parametric excitation of harmonic oscillators. They expressed the matrix elements in terms of transcendental functions, the associated Legendre functions. In the present paper we will show that these matrix elements can also be derived in an different form, expressed by the classical Gegenbauer polynomials. This new expression makes it possible to determine coherent and incoherent superpositions of these matrix elements in closed analytic forms. As an application, we describe multiphoton transitions in the system “charged particle + electromagnetic radiation”, induced by a (strong) coherent field or by a black-body radiation component (with a Planck-Bose photon number distribution). The exact results are compared with the semi-classical ones. We will show that in case of interaction with a thermal field, the semi-classical result (with a Gaussian stochastic field amplitude) yields an acceptable approximation only in the Rayleigh-Jeans limit, however, in the Wien limit it completely fails.
Spin-Polarized Particle Beams from Laser-Plasma Based Accelerators
Authors: Reichwein L , Hützen A , Büscher M , Pukhov A
Published: May 2022

Current laser-plasma based accelerators are promising options with respect to the acceleration of spin-polarized particle beams. We give an overview over the effects relevant during the acceleration process and more specifically discuss the acceleration of protons via Magnetic Vortex Acceleration (MVA). With the aid of particle-in-cell simulations we show that the length of the density down-ramp at the end of the plasma target affects the final beam quality regarding its collimation. The average spin-polarization of the obtained bunch remains largely robust at about 80% and only decreases for significantly longer ramps.
Axion Electrodynamics in Strong Magnetic Backgrounds
Authors: Villalba-Chávez S , Shabad A E , Müller C
Published: May 2022

The overcritical regime of axion-electrodynamics (AED) is investigated. For magnetic fields larger than the characteristic scale linked to AED, quantum vacuum fluctuations due to axion-like fields can dominate over those associated with the electron-positron fields. This hypothetical regime of the dominance of AED over QED is predicted to induce strong birefringence and screening effects. We show that, if the magnetic field lines are curved, extraordinary photons could be canalized along the field direction. It is also shown that the running QED coupling depends on the magnetic field strength, and for certain energy regimes, it could be screened almost to zero, making the QED building blocks very weakly interacting between each other. The impact of this phenomenon on the radiation mechanism of pulsars is discussed.
Research on the Implementation method of Anthropomorphic Trajectory during Sit to Stand Transfer based on Linkage Mechanism
Authors: Lv Ning , Xu Jinge , Zhao Liangliang , Wang Gang , Zhang Jing , Zhao Tao
Published: May 2022

Position and attitude change during sit to stand transfer is the most important change in daily life. On the basis of fully studying the existing equipment, position and attitude during sit to stand transfer is analysed, and the mathematical model of this process is established, the motion trajectory of hip joint during sit to stand transfer is normalized, then the feature points are extracted from motion trajectory. Based on the feature points, and using the linkage mechanism, the dimension synthesis of linkage mechanism is completed by graphic method, the method of realizing anthropomorphic motion trajectory during sit to stand transfer is given systematically based on linkage mechanism. The simulation results show that the designed mechanism can realize the anthropomorphic motion trajectory accurately during sit to stand transfer, and it lays a good foundation for the subsequent design of sit to stand assistance equipment.
Design and Performance Test of Silicone Fog Sealing Material for pavement
Authors: Zhong Yongqiang
Published: May 2022

On the basis of analyzing the characteristics and development status of the preventive curing technology of silicone material and fog sealing layer, the composition and proportion of silicone fog sealing material are designed. Silicone fog sealing layer consists of organosilicone resin, alkali, water, viscosifier, solvent, matrix asphalt and so on. The ratio of base asphalt to solvent is 1:4 and that of pure silicone material to matrix asphalt is 4:1. By preparing new materials, the advantages of silicone fog sealing material are summarized on the basis of performance experiment of silicone fog sealing material and field preventive maintenance construction effect test. Silicone asphalt fog sealing material has better waterproof performance, bond strength and viscosity than pure organic silicon material by performance test results.