bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sex and Cause-Specific Mortality among US Adults Receiving Maintenance Dialysis
Authors: Abi Nanzha , Rossi Ana , Pastan Stephen O. , Patzer Rachel E. , Harding Jessica L.
Published: February 2025

Background:

We examined sex differences in cause-specific mortality among men and women receiving maintenance dialysis and examined potential effect modification by age and race.

Methods:

We identified all adults aged ≥ 18 years initiating dialysis between 2000 and 2020 from the United States Renal Data System (n=2.16 million; 43.3% women). Cause-specific mortality (i.e., cardiovascular (CVD), withdrawal, infection, cancer) was defined from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Death Notification Form. All individuals were followed from dialysis start date until death date, transplant, 10-years, or end of follow-up (December 31, 2021), whichever occurred first. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models assessed the association between sex and 10-year cause-specific mortality, adjusting for demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic factors overall and stratified by age and race.

Results:

Overall, 832,259 men (67.9%) and 658,043 women (70.4%) died receiving maintenance dialysis with median survival times of 2.69 (IQR,1.17-5.19) and 2.72 (IQR, 1.16-5.21) years, respectively. CVD was the leading cause of death (38.6% women; 40.2% men), followed by withdrawal (11.1% women; 9.6% men) and infections (9.8% women; 8.6% men). Overall, women had a 9% (adjusted Hazard Ratio: 1.09 [95%CI 1.08-1.11]) and 15% (1.15 [1.14-1.17]) higher likelihood of infection, and withdrawal -related mortality compared with men, respectively. Conversely, women had a 7% (0.93 [0.92-0.94]) and 10% (0.90 [0.87-0.92]) lower likelihood of CVD and cancer-related mortality, respectively, compared with men. By age, younger women (vs. men) aged 18-44 years had higher likelihood of excess mortality across all specific causes (including a 40% increased risk of withdrawal compared to men of the same age), while older women (vs. men) aged >75 years had a lower likelihood. By race, non-Hispanic Black women (vs. men) had higher mortality across all specific causes, but for all other races, sex differences were similar to the overall population.

Conclusions:

A sex-specific approach that incorporates intersectionality of both age and race in the management of complications among dialysis patients may be recommended to mitigate excess mortality risks.
Optimization of the manure/water ratio for maximum biogas production: Case of the FONSTI-CRDI digester in the East of Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Kouakou Adjoumani Rodrigue , Kouadio Marc Cyril , Oseni Daouda , Adjoumani Koffi Eric Igor , Ehouman Ahissan Donatien , Yao Benjamin
Published: February 2025

Effective waste management is crucial in addressing global environmental challenges. This study focuses on optimizing biogas production through anaerobic digestion of poultry manure, which is a significant agricultural waste in Côte d’Ivoire. The aim is to identify the optimal manure-to-water ratio to maximize biogas output using a FONSTI-CRDI digester with a capacity of 20 m³. The study was conducted at the Brin Foundation poultry farm in Côte d’Ivoire. Three manure-to-water ratios (1:3, 1:2, and 1:1) were tested over 15-day cycles. A range of laboratory and field equipment, including pH meters and biogas analyzers, was employed to monitor digestion conditions and measure biogas production. Physicochemical properties of the manure, such as pH, total solids, and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, were also analyzed to understand their impact on biogas yield. The 1:3 ratio yielded an average biogas production of 4.1 m³/day, with a methane content of 43%. The 1:2 ratio showed an improvement, achieving 5.3 m³/day with 51% methane. The 1:1 ratio produced the highest biogas output at 6.23 m³/day and 58% methane. However, operational challenges like digester blockages were observed at the 1:1 ratio. The digestate quality improved with lower water content, emitting less odor. The 1:2 manure-to-water ratio was determined to be the most effective for sustained biogas production, balancing high output and operational stability. This configuration supports renewable energy goals and sustainable agricultural practices, offering an efficient solution for managing poultry manure. Further research on co-substrates could enhance biogas yields and optimize the methanization process.
De una evaluacion tradicional de maestros en instituciones de enseñanza media y técnica a la evaluacion fundamentada en el modelo pedagógico constructivista
Authors: Gaviria Salazar María Agustina , Ospina Duque Rodrigo de Jesús
Published: February 2025

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito el estudio de las prácticas tradicionales de evaluación y sus resultados en Maestros de instituciones educativas públicas del Municipio de Bolívar, Valle del Cauca y el impacto de éstas en la formación enmarcada en el Modelo Pedagógico Constructivista, como resultado de la observación, participación y análisis del entorno en el que se realizan.
El tipo de investigación no experimental explicativo, con un enfoque mixto, se posicionó en esta investigación, cuyo interés fue exponer las razones por las cuales los maestros conciben o actúan de determinada manera frente a los procesos anteriormente planteados.
En el análisis y discusión de resultados se presentaron los datos obtenidos mediante el tratamiento de la información recolectada que se trianguló en matrices analíticas lo que posibilitó tener un panorama controlado de los resultados que se detectaron desde los diferentes instrumentos aplicados.
Las conclusiones se emitieron de acuerdo con el análisis de la información recolectada articulada a los referentes teóricos con el fin de explicar claramente los hallazgos. No se pretendió proponer acciones mejoradoras, sino explicar la situación detectada en cuanto a los resultados de las prácticas tradicionales de los maestros en la manera de evaluar y el impacto de éstas fundamentadas en el Modelo Pedagógico Constructivista, buscando con ello un cambio de paradigma en los maestros frente a la evaluación para un aprendizaje significativo
UNA PERSPECTIVA DIFERENTE DE LA “INCLUSIÓN”
Authors: Silva Giraldo Cesar Augusto , Guarín Karen , Jiménez Paula , Peña Yury , Posada Lizeth , Patiño Becerra Fanny Bernarda
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo aborda la temática de la inclusión, teniendo en cuenta los puntos positivos o a favor que esta tiene. Dicho artículo se generó a partir de una investigación descriptiva, con un enfoque cualitativo, en el cual se hablaran de algunos proyectos los cuales fueron realizados y basados sobre la inclusión, a su vez se estableció o se basó en unos referentes conceptuales y teóricos, que ayudaran a la observación y el análisis de los puntos positivos que tienen hoy en día la inclusión; será para niños y niñas de diferentes grupos étnicos y de diferentes edades; con esto se busca que el aprendizaje sea más contribuyente al desarrollo de sociedades más justas, democráticas y solidarias.
ESTRATEGIA LÚDICO-PEDAGÓGICA PARA EL DESARROLLO INTEGRAL DE LOS NIÑOS EN EL NIVEL PREESCOLAR, DEL COLEGIO PSICOPEDAGÓGICO SAN LAUREANO
Authors: Silva Giraldo Cesar Augusto , Ávila Ramírez Leidy Yolima , Castro Salas Gloria Amparo , Patiño Becerra Fanny Bernarda
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo es producto de un proyecto de investigación, el cual tenía como finalidad “implementar la lúdica como estrategia pedagógica para fortalecer el aprendizaje de niños y niñas en el preescolar del colegio Psicopedagógico san Laureano”, para que, a partir de la utilización de la misma en el aula de clase, se construya de manera divertida el conocimiento. Por otra parte, y para la ejecución de las actividades se tuvieron en cuenta los aportes de Zúñiga, Montessori, Piaget; quienes reconocen la importancia de la lúdica y las estrategias pedagógicas en el aula para el desarrollo del individuo
De igual manera la metodología utilizada para el desarrollo del proyecto está determinada como una investigación de tipo descriptivo, ya que permite conocer las situaciones que se viven en la institución educativa, frente a la ausencia de la lúdica en el desarrollo de las actividades pedagógicas; el enfoque es cualitativo y las técnicas utilizadas para la recolección de la información fue una entrevista semi estructurada, la cual fue aplicada a las docentes de preescolar de la institución.

Dentro del desarrollo de esta investigación, se destaca el análisis realizado a la información recolectada en la entrevista aplicada, la cual facilitó la definición de la estrategia y de igual forma el protocolo a llevar a cabo por parte de las docentes para el logro de la estrategia. Finalmente se plantearon las conclusiones, las cuales presentan el desarrollo de cada uno de los objetivos específicos y las recomendaciones a tener en cuenta por parte de la institución educativa.
Cabe resaltar que en este mismo orden de ideas se debe resaltar que el preescolar debe ser lúdico, teniendo objetivos y metas que promuevan el desarrollo integral como lo son la metodología por proyectos, donde se desarrollen las diferentes dimensiones.
caudal base como reflejo de los procesos hidrológicos a escala cuenca: un estudio de caso en cuencas hidrológicas de llanura
Authors: Marcovecchio Romina , Dietrich Sebastián , Gualde María Soledad , Zabala María Emilia
Published: February 2025

El caudal base es un componente clave del ciclo hidrológico, ya que refleja procesos hidrológicos a escala de cuenca. En la cuenca del arroyo del Azul, un sistema de llanura caracterizado por movimientos verticales y almacenamiento predominante sobre el escurrimiento superficial, se ha estudiado el caudal base, pero no su relación con la variabilidad climática. Este trabajo identifica el caudal base en la zona media del arroyo y analiza sus variaciones estacionales en función de la estacionalidad de las precipitaciones, moduladas por el Sistema Monzónico Sudamericano (SMSA). Se utilizó un filtro digital recursivo para identificar el caudal base, cuyos resultados se analizaron considerando la relación cuadrática propuesta por Varni et al. (2019) entre el caudal base y el nivel freático. Los resultados indican que el caudal base representa entre el 60-90% del caudal total durante la fase activa del SMSA (octubre-febrero) y entre el 40-70% en la fase inactiva (marzo-septiembre). Además, la metodología empleada otorga un sentido físico a los filtros digitales al vincularlos con la variabilidad del nivel freático. Este análisis proporciona una visión integral de la dinámica estacional del caudal base y su relación con el ciclo hidrológico y climático.
The Methylene Blue Adsorption by Calcium Alginate-Activated Carbon Composite in Fixed Bed Column
Authors: Wardana Putra Adzikri , Hermawan Heru , Setyaningrum Sinta , Paramitha Tifa
Published: February 2025

Methylene blue is a material that is often used as a cationic dye in the textile industry. Methylene blue is toxic and difficult to degrade. Adsorption is one method to reduce the methylene blue from wastewater. In this study, methylene blue was adsorbed by calcium alginate/activated carbon composite (CaAlg-AcC) in a fixed bed column. The influence of CaCl2.2H2O concentration, initial concentration of methylene blue, and flow rate in the continuous adsorption process were investigated. Every adsorption process was done in 110 min. The results revealed that the CaAlg-AcC composite synthesized using 1% (w/v) CaCl2.2H2O solution has the highest adsorption percentage, 95.28% in 110 min. The initial methylene blue concentration 50 mg/L gave the highest result of adsorption percentage with the smallest amount of methylene blue adsorbed of 31.77 mg.  The flow rate of methylene blue 4 ml/min reached the highest adsorption percentage with the amount of methylene blue adsorbed of 41.79 mg.
Optimization of Total Anthocyanin Content Extraction from Dried Butterfly Pea Flowers (Clitoria ternatea L.) Using Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) Method
Authors: Riniati Riniati , Widiastuti Endang , Ismail Marisa Nursalsabila , Mochamad Kevin
Published: February 2025

Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) has been used in Indonesia as a natural dye in food and cosmetics due to its varying colors, which depend on the acidity (pH) of the environment. The vibrant colors are attributed to the presence of anthocyanin compounds. This study optimized the anthocyanin extraction process from dried butterfly pea flowers using the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method. The variables tested included different concentrations of hydrochloric acid (HCl) at 0.01%, 1%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, and 3.75% in 96% ethanol, as well as extraction times of 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 minutes. The optimum extraction conditions identified were a HCl concentration of 3.5% in 96% ethanol with an extraction duration of 12 minutes, which yielded an anthocyanin concentration of 116.89 ppm.The FTIR analysis confirmed the similarity in functional groups between butterfly pea flower extracts and blackberry fruit extracts, highlighting the potential of butterfly pea flowers as a reliable anthocyanin source
Evaluation of Soil Stabilization from Marble Ash Powder and Asphalt Emulsion as Supporting Soil for Logistics Buildings
Authors: Simanjuntak Meita , Amalia Putty Maura , Firuliadhim Geni , Syahril Syahril
Published: February 2025

This research focuses on improving the bearing capacity of soil by applying soil stabilization methods. Specifically, this research explores the use of a mixture of marble powder ash and emulsified asphalt to improve soil physical properties and increase soil bearing capacity to support logistics buildings such as lime or rice storage warehouses. This research was conducted in Cililin area which has soft clay soil that is unsuitable for construction. Tests were conducted in the laboratory using various compositions of marble dust ash (0%; 2.5%; 5%; 7.5%; 10%) and 6% emulsified asphalt. The tests measure the CBR (California Bearing Ratio) and UCS (Unconfined Compressive Strength) values of the soil. The tests measured the CBR (California Bearing Ratio) and UCS (Unconfined Compressive Strength) values of the soil. The test results showed a direct relationship between increasing marble ash composition with CBR and UCS values, with the highest design CBR value in the unsoaked method being 8% and the maximum qu value being 1.676 kg/cm². However, the desired CBR value of >10% was not achieved in this study. To fulfill this requirement, future studies should consider compositions higher than 10% and for better results can use asphalt emulsion of more than 6%.
Pengelolaan Persediaan Barang Habis Pakai (BHP) di Perguruan Tinggi: Studi Kasus di Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis
Authors: Ningsih Sri Septia , Nurhazana Nurhazana
Published: February 2025

State Polytechnic of Bengkalis is a Vocational Higher Education Institution. Inventory refers to assets in the form of goods or supplies intended to support operational activities. This research aims to examine the management of consumable inventory within the Higher Education environment, focusing on State Polytechnic of Bengkalis as a case study. Consumable inventory plays a crucial role in supporting the operations of the Higher Education institution, encompassing all types of materials, equipment, and resources used in daily activities. This study employs a qualitative descriptive research method, involving in-depth interviews with three informants at the State Polytechnic of Bengkalis. The research findings reveal several important aspects. First, the types of consumable inventory used by the State Polytechnic of Bengkalis include consumables, maintenance materials, spare parts, raw materials, and other supplies. Second, the implementation of RI Government Regulation No. 27 of 2014 in the management of consumable inventory at the State Polytechnic of Bengkalis has not been fully realized. The management of consumable inventory at the State Polytechnic of Bengkalis includes needs planning and budgeting, procurement, usage, security and maintenance, administration, evaluation, coaching, supervision, and control. However, there are still shortcomings, such as delays in submitting inventory needs documents by each department, which results in suboptimal planning. Additionally, the absence of standardized Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) causes inconsistencies in the management of consumable inventory at the State Polytechnic of Bengkalis. Despite the lack of standardized SOP, the State Polytechnic of Bengkalis continues to ensure that the procedures used in managing consumable inventory comply with recommended standards.
Pengaruh Budaya Etis Organisasi, Keadilan Organisasi dan Moralitas Aparatur Terhadap Kecurangan Akuntansi dengan Penguatan Kualitas Pengendalian Internal SKPD di Kota Bengkalis
Authors: Fiani Sofiani , Fiddin Fachroh
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine the influence of organizational ethical culture, organizational justice, and the quality of internal control in minimizing accounting fraud, with the reinforcement of the morality of local government unit apparatus in Bengkalis city. This research is a quantitative study with a descriptive approach. The sampling method used was purposive sampling, with a sample size of 88 respondents. The data used in the study is primary data collected through direct questionnaire surveys. The data analysis employs multiple linear regression analysis and moderating regression analysis using the residual test approach. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied for the hypothesis of organizational ethical culture, while multiple linear regression analysis with a residual test was used for organizational justice moderated by the quality of internal control.
Pengaruh Penerapan Anggaran Berbasis Kinerja, Kejelasan Sasaran Anggaran Dan Sistem Pelaporan Terhadap Akuntabilitas Kinerja Di Kantor Wilayah Kementerian Hukum Dan HAM Riau
Authors: Arini  , Simamora Sartika , Kamilah Faizah
Published: February 2025

This study aims to test and determine the Influence of Performance-Based Budget Implementation, Clarity of Budget Targets and Reporting System on Performance Accountability at the Riau Ministry of Law and Human Rights Regional Office. The population in this study was 61 people. Then for sampling, the author used a saturated sampling technique where the entire population was sampled, namely Employees/Officials in the finance section and the General Section at the Correctional and Immigration Technical Implementation Unit and the Riau Ministry of Law and Human Rights Regional Office. This type of research is Quantitative. Data collection techniques used in this study are Questionnaires and Documentation. The research method used in this study is multiple linear regression, with the help of SPSS 26. The results of this study indicate that the Implementation of Performance-Based Budgeting, Clarity of Budget Targets and Reporting System together have an effect on Performance Accountability at the Riau Ministry of Law and Human Rights Regional Office. As shown from the results of the t-test, namely partially Performance-Based Budget has an effect on Performance Accountability with a t-value of 2.709> 2.002 and a significant value of 0.009 <0.05. Then Clarity of Budget Targets partially has an effect on Performance Accountability with a t-value of 6.755> 2.002 and a significant value of 0.00 <0.05. Then the Reporting System partially has an effect on Performance Accountability with a t-value of 2.889> 2.002 and a significant value of 0.005 <0.05. Then from the results of the F Test, namely f count 91.297> f table value 2.77 and with a significance value of 0.000 <0.05. And has an R Square value of 81.9%, while the remaining 18.1% is influenced by other variables not included in this regression model.
Determinan Tax Morale Pada Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi Non Karyawan(Studi Empiris Pada Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi Non Karyawan Yang Terdaftar Di Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Tampan Kota Pekanbaru)
Authors: Hariko Wayra  , Dwi Fionasari
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to analyze the determinants of tax morale in non-employee individual taxpayers using the Theory of Planned Behavior approach with a focus on factors that are predicted to be the main constituents of tax compliance. This study is a quantitative study with a population of 117,310 non-employee individual taxpayers registered at the Pekanbaru Tampan Pratama Tax Office and this study was conducted in December 2024 involving 100 respondents as a sample. The analysis technique used is random sampling and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that the variables Trust In The Government (X1), Personal Interest (X2) and Perception Of Justice (X3) have a significant effect on Tax Morale (Y). The results of this study are expected to provide benefits for policy makers and tax authorities in improving the tax morale of non-employee taxpayers because non-employee taxpayers have a greater tax reporting, so this study helps to understand the factors that influence their tax morale more specifically.
Seeing Leadership More Clearly: Applying the Johari Window to Enhance 360 Leadership Assessments
Authors:   Center for Creative Leadership, Loignon Andy , Fleenor John
Published: February 2025

Multisource leadership assessments, known as 360 assessments, are often a key component of leadership development programs. These assessments gatherfeedback from various sources, such as direct reports, peers, and even board members, to provide leaders with insights into their strengths and weaknesses. Despite their benefits, the vast amount of information in these assessments can be overwhelming, making it challenging for leaders to identify which areas to focus on and how to reconcile differing feedback.
Escrituras latino-americanas em galut
Authors: Menezes F. A. R.
Published: February 2025

Writers with their migratory trajectories, impressions, longing, and memories are gathered in this unique anthology organized by Leonardo Senkman. The life and displacements of authors and works would imprint on the texts an inflection of "migritude," which, according to the organizer, is a neologism coined for a "kind of simultaneous and omnipresent circulatory circuit of their writings." This mark impresses, in the multiple testimonies gathered, the spirit and diasporic migrant voice that "evoke the homeland, glorify the mother tongue, and dream of the promised land.
AS FERROVIAS NO CEARÁ: UMA ANÁLISE DA CONFORMAÇÃO E CONSOLIDAÇÃO DA REDE URBANA (1873-1926)
Authors: Oliveira Elizangela Justino de , Silva Angela Maria Falcão da
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a rede urbana da Província/Estado do Ceará a partir da configuração da rede ferroviária cearense, formada pela Estrada de Ferro de Baturité (EFB) e pela Estrada de Ferro de Sobral (EFS). Para analisarmos a centralidade e a hierarquia das cidades ferroviárias na rede urbana, elegemos seis condições singulares: 1 – população das cidades ferroviárias, 2 – a condição de ponta de trilhos; 3 – as receitas arrecadadas pelas estações, 4 – a divisão administrativa da rede de cidades que integram as ferrovias no Ceará, e, por fim, 5 – a imponência arquitetônica do edifício da estação ferroviária. O recorte temporal estabelecido (1873-1926) compreende o ano de inauguração do primeiro trecho ferroviário na província do Ceará, em 1873, até o ano de 1926, quando a EFB alcança o Crato, cidade situada no Cariri cearense. A pesquisa possui abordagem na Geografia Histórica Urbana (Abreu, 2000, 2006; Maia, 2014, 2019; Vasconcelos, 2009). A metodologia consiste na análise de variadas fontes documentais encontradas em diferentes instituições de memória disponíveis em meios eletrônicos e acervos físicos. Os resultados apontam que a implantação da ferrovia possibilitou a consolidação de algumas cidades ferroviárias enquanto importantes centros regionais, a exemplo das cidades de Sobral, Baturité e o Crato.
Basic study on the effects of fat deposition in rat livers on relationship between acoustic and electrical properties
Authors: Nagaoka Miyu , Ito Koichi , Hirata Shinnosuke , YOSHIDA Kenji , YAMAGUCHI Tadashi
Published: February 2025

We conducted a fundamental study to elucidate the relationship between acoustic and electrical properties in the context of liver steatosis. The speed of sound, attenuation coefficient, conductivity, and relative permittivity were measured in rat livers with varying degrees of fat deposition. Fat deposition result in a decrease in the speed of sound, an increase in the attenuation coefficient, and reductions in conductivity and relative permittivity. However, no linear correlation was observed between these properties and fat content or droplet size individually. However, a notable correlation between changes in acoustic and electrical properties was identified when the structural and organizational effects of fat were considered in combination. Especially, attenuation changes were found to correlate with corresponding changes in electrical properties. These findings underscore the importance of comprehensively considering structural factors, such as fat droplet size and distribution, to better understand the physical mechanisms underlying the relationship between acoustic and electrical properties.
Estimasi Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Biaya Usahatani Padi Di Kecamatan Turatea Kabupaten Jeneponto
Authors: Andi Alifa Andi Amran Asriadi , Husain Nailah
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study was to determine the factors that affect the cost of rice farming in Turatea District, Jeneponto Regency. This study uses a quantitative approach. This research uses a quantitative approach. This research uses primary and secondary data. The data analysis method of this work uses multiple linear regression models using SPSS version 25. Tests were carried out with classical assumption tests such as normality test, autocorrelation test, heteroscedasticity test, multicollinearity test, F-test. (simultaneous) and t-test (partial). The results of this study indicate that the factors that have a significant positive effect on the cost of rice farming include fertilizer costs (X1), and labor costs (X2) to farming costs. Factors that do not have a significant impact on farming costs such as seed costs (X3), pesticide costs (X4), and rice production (X5). In rice production if the production conditions are well utilized, rice production will be better, meaning that the output part of production is greater than the input part of the output, that is, the income from the costs incurred will be greater so that income can also increase.
Risk Assessment of the sediment from the Birmingham Canal Navigations using Contaminated Land Exposure Assessment (CLEA) software
Authors: HAYATU Sa’adatu Jauro , BELLO Hussaini , ALIYU Hadiza , PETERS Mariam Oboh , ALABI Tawakalitu Biola , YUSUF Hajara Oyiza
Published: February 2025

Using the Contaminated Land Exposure Assessment (CLEA) program, the study evaluates the possible health hazards to humans posed by silt contamination in the Birmingham Canal Navigations (BCN). Twenty sediment samples were gathered along the BCN, subjected to X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis for heavy metal concentrations (As, Cd, Hg, and Se), and then assessed in relation to soil assessment criteria (SACs). The findings showed that whereas cadmium exceeded SACs for all age groups under allotment exposure situations, arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) constituted substantial dangers to children ages 0–6 under residential exposure scenarios. In contrast, there were no appreciable hazards associated with selenium (Se) or mercury (Hg) in any age group or exposure pathway. Children are the most sensitive receptors, according to the study, because of behavioral and physiological characteristics like lower body mass and hand-to-mouth actions. The CLEA software was found to have limitations, such as the incapacity to evaluate the dangers associated with water samples or heavy elements that were not preprogrammed (such as Pb and Cr). Using pre-treatment techniques like phytoremediation and electrokinetic remediation to lessen sediment toxicity prior to disposal, as well as alternate disposal options like anaerobic digestion, are among the recommendations. The necessity of thorough risk management plans for sediment pollution in ecosystems impacted by human activity is highlighted by this study.

Keywords: Birmingham Canal, CLEA software, Heavy metals, sediment, X-ray Fluorescence.
Urban green infrastructure valuation: an economic method for the aesthetic appraisal of hedges
Authors: Dominici Andrea , Sacchelli Sandro
Published: February 2025

The paper presents a parametric approach to quantify the economic value of hedges in urban green spaces. The model integrates indexes that allow for an aesthetic estimate of green infrastructure. Both field and desk phases are developed to depict and sample hedgerows in a case study in Italy (Cascine Park, Florence). Street view and Google Maps applications are used in the preliminary steps to spatialize hedges. An equation, incorporating nine variables including financial, dendrometric, and correction factors, is developed to appraise economic value. The results highlight the relevance of species, plant height, and the number of hedge rows for the unitary and total value of green infrastructures. Phytosanitary condition, the presence of gaps in linear traits, and the degree of tree canopy coverage also influence the economic performances of hedges. The technique facilitates application for both researchers and practitioners, potentially allowing for damage estimates and calibrated management of urban green in different locations.
Encoding Motion Events in Mandarin and Italian: Theoretical Issues, Teaching Materials, and Implications for CFL/CSL Teaching
Authors: Lepadat Carmen
Published: February 2025

he encoding of motion events shows significant cross-linguistic variation: Mandarin, a satellite-framed language, encodes path information in secondary elements, whereas Italian, a verb-framed language, lexicalizes path directly within verbal roots. This typological difference, rooted in Talmy (2000)’s framework, poses challenges for Italian-speaking learners in acquiring Mandarin’s primary device for motion encoding, directional verbal complexes (DVCs). These constructions are sequences of verbal morphemes that encode multiple motion components simultaneously, including manner of motion, path, and perspective. In contrast, Italian strategies for motion encoding tend to emphasize trajectory or path over the manner of motion. Through an analysis of CFL (Chinese as a Foreign Language) textbooks and grammars used in three main Italian universities, this study identifies critical gaps, including insufficient explanations of the syntactic and–more notably–semantic constraints impacting DVC word order, object positioning, and aspectual marking. Findings indicate that a comparative, typologically aware approach – leveraging Italian constructions with similar functions such as syntagmatic verbs – could bridge these gaps, fostering a more accurate understanding of DVCs. The study recommends enhancing teaching materials to better represent the full syntactic and semantic range of DVCs, aiding learners in mastering the complexities of Chinese motion event encoding.
Perlindungan Hukum Fisioterapi dalam Menjalankan Amanah Tugas Profesi
Authors: Thouresia Suraeni , Husain Bahtiar , Maryani Ani
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini meneliti perlindungan hukum bagi fisioterapis dalam menjalankan tugas profesinya di Indonesia. Ketidakjelasan batas kewenangan fisioterapi, ditambah dengan tidak adanya undang-undang khusus yang mengatur profesi ini, telah membatasi pelayanan fisioterapi secara optimal dan berpotensi merugikan pasien. Situasi ini juga dapat memicu konflik dengan profesi medis lainnya. Studi ini didasarkan pada UUD 1945, yang menjamin hak setiap warga negara untuk memperoleh layanan kesehatan serta perlindungan kebebasan profesi sebagai hak asasi manusia. Meskipun profesi fisioterapi berkembang pesat di Indonesia, masih terdapat celah hukum yang signifikan, sehingga diperlukan regulasi dan perlindungan hukum yang jelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan advokasi, edukasi, dan analisis hukum untuk menangani masalah ini, bertujuan untuk memperjelas batasan dan mendapatkan perlindungan hukum bagi fisioterapis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum dapat meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan fisioterapi, memastikan para praktisi dapat menjalankan tugasnya secara bertanggung jawab tanpa khawatir terhadap tuntutan hukum. Rekomendasi termasuk penyusunan undang-undang khusus yang mengatur praktik fisioterapi secara komprehensif dan peningkatan dukungan pemerintah terhadap profesi ini.
Female Husbands and the Tragedy of Men: Kamweretho, Women Empowerment and the Gendered Solidary among the Kikuyu of Kenya
Authors: Nyangena Kenneth O.
Published: February 2025

Women in Central Kenya are evolving and revisiting an old tradition to break barriers of modern patriarchy. Invoking the concept of kamweretho these women are constantly and radically disrupting male domination in their everyday life. The "implosion" of all these things makes these women's stories unique and all the more compelling to feminists who are constantly searching for unique practices of feminism that resemble, but are not engineered by, western feminism. Kamweretho is a movement-an emergent, non-formal highly political women's group found among the Kikuyu of central Kenya. This female based movement aims at giving excessive traverse of power to women to perform traditional male duties in rural area. Since the activation of the group, many women have used Kamweretho as a political platform to join competitive politics in Kenya. From a broad perspective, the study seeks to examine the thesis that women based social movements are an avenue for improving the welfare of group members and their families. Using Goran Hydén concept of economy of affection, I illustrate that Kamweretho groups' operations and activities have a strong feminist agenda and often do not fit the conventional mechanisms associated with women groups. The movement gives women more opportunities and tools to challenge the status quo and dominant ways the Kikuyu society operates since they seem to question the authority of the traditional definition of a woman's role and position in the Kenyan society.
Exact Doubling the Cube with Straightedge and Compass by Euclidean Geometry
Authors: Son Tran Dinh
Published: February 2025

No great theory lasts forever in science, but only specific research and discoveries continuously complement each other. There have been 3 classical problems remaining from ancient Greek mathematics, which are extremely influential in the development of geometry. They are Trisecting An Angle, Squaring The Circle, and Doubling The Cube problems. The “Doubling The Cube” problem is stated: Using only a straightedge and a compass, is it possible to construct a cube whose volume is double the volume a³ of a given cube?. From the oldest mathematical documents known up to today's mathematics, the "Doubling The Cube” problem has interested professional & non-professional mathematicians for millenniums. The technique “ANALYSIS” is adopted to solve accurately and exactly the “Doubling The Cube” problem with only a straightedge & compass by Euclidean Geometry, and does not change any premise of the problem. Upstream from this method of exact “Doubling The Cube”, one can deduce an equivalence to get a new Mathematical challenge "Halving The Cube” (i.e. dividing a given cube into 2 smaller equal cubes, using only a straightedge & a compass. This independent research shows an exact precision and accurate solution for the ancient Greek challenge – “Doubling The Cube” using a straightedge and a compass only. Mathematics tools and propositions used in this solution are all in Euclidean Geometry and algebraic geometry. The methodology of the solution includes geometrical methods to arrange the given cube and its double volume cube into a concentric position of which side x of the double cube can be calculated accurately by algebra then in terms of geometrical length the side is constructive. Finally, use the straightedge and the compass to construct the double-volume cube.
The Epidemic Of Corruption in the Corporatisation of Higher Institutional Education in South Africa
Authors: Khan Franaaz
Published: February 2025

For many years, higher education was regarded as a privilege where marginalised and poor individuals of society could not afford the luxury of education. In some ways, the structure of higher educational institutions (HEIs) such as universities was seen as a threat to power and there was no substantial international assistance to develop HEIs. Universities have, in particular, been recognised for their role in developing the human capital necessary for technological advancements, including that of accelerated growth. Since the 1970s, there has been a global increase in higher education enrolment. However, access to higher education remains low in sub-Saharan Africa compared to other regions, with enrolment rates having been reported as only being 1.4% in 1970 and 8.9% in 2014. The substantial increase in enrolment rates worldwide highlights the importance of ensuring proper regulation of the higher education sector. However, corruption within such academic institutions has a negative effect on achieving the goals for higher education in countries like South Africa.
The Impact on Procurement of Adequate Insurance in the Ever-Changing Risk Landscape of Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Huneberg Samantha
Published: February 2025

In modern times, risk exposure for both natural and juristic persons is continuously evolving and is influenced by numerous factors. Risk, in this context, signifies the possibility of harm. Insurance serves an integral purpose in society and fulfils a significant social function. The idea of risk spreading is dominant to insurance and generally entails that the insurer agrees to accept the risk to which the insured is exposed, and the insured in return pays or agrees to pay a premium. The role of insurance in higher education institutions (HEIs) plays a critical role in protecting institutions and parties involved when loss or damage is experienced either by the institution itself, by its employees, or by students. As such, the risk landscape of HEIs in South Africa is evolving and changing at a rapid rate. Recently, risks such as cybersecurity have become more prevalent; the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has also sparked various changes within the institutions, and there are constant perils like defamation, sexual harassment, and general instances of damage or loss. There is also the increased risk of weather-related risks due to climate change.
Higher Education Institutions and Construction Contracts: The Demand Guarantee as a Means of Security
Authors: Lupton Cayle
Published: February 2025

It is trite that education is an important tool in the mitigation of socio-economic problems and poverty in South Africa. Higher education institutions (HEIs) naturally have an important role to play in this regard. Campus buildings and other infrastructure are particularly important to the business of HEIs. They are used, inter alia, to provide student services (such as the delivery of lectures and facilitation of other forms of teaching) and to position the institution as a leader in the local and international communities, respectively. In the event that campus buildings and infrastructure require maintenance, upgrading, or expansion, HEIs may conclude a construction contract with a contractor. Construction contracts may be complex and are inherently risky. This gives rise to the need to ensure security of performance and various methods of such security are available for use. It is, however, the demand guarantee that may best secure the interests of the parties.
The Nature of the South African University-Student Contract
Authors: van Eck Michele
Published: February 2025

Relationships underscore education. One of these relationships is between the universities and students. The exact nature of this university-student relationship has been wrought with historical uncertainty in jurisdictions like the United States. The approach to the university-student contract in the United States developed from applying the in loco parentis doctrine to the bystander approach, which eventually recognised the contractual nature of the university-student contract. From a South African perspective, the university-student relationship has always been underscored by contractual principles, however, in the post-constitutional era there are additional considerations as to the exact scope and application of the university-student contract. The first is to determine whether the university-student contract would be classified as a private or public contract. In private contracts, normal contractual principles and doctrines apply, as well as compliance with specific legislative mechanisms such as the Protection of Personal Information Act 4 of 2013, the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008, and the National Credit Act 34 of 2005.
Ghana’s Proposed Anti-LGBTQ+ Bill And its Implication on Academic Freedom in Institutions of Higher Learning
Authors: Coleman Theophilus Edwin
Published: February 2025

Debates concerning the criminalisation of LGBTQ+ activities in Ghana have been at the centre stage of political discussions over the last decade. However, the debates have assumed a different dimension after the LGBTQ+ community officially launched an advocacy centre in Ghana. The launch of the advocacy centre, done at the blind-side of many Ghanaians, drew extensive criticism on social media. Most significantly, the establishment of the LGBTQ+ advocacy centre triggered moral entrepreneurs, primarily the church and other Christian-oriented civil society organisations, to institute stringent measures to quell LGBTQ+ activities in all facets of Ghanaian life. In light of the public uproar against the establishment of the advocacy centre and the massive support of the Ghanaian populace to criminalise LGBTQ+ activities, a private member’s bill, entitled the Promotion of Proper Human Sexual Rights and Ghanaian Family Values Bill of 2021, is currently undergoing various stages of parliamentary
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Authors: Boniface Amanda
Published: February 2025

The lockdown due to Covid-19 in South Africa resulted in rapid forced changes to the teaching approach of universities. This chapter will focus on the experiences of lecturing to first-year Law of Persons and the Family students during the pandemic. It will also compare the difference in pedagogical approaches pre- and post-Covid-19 lockdown, drawing on almost a decade of lecturing the subject at the University of Johannesburg. A question that will be explored is: To what extent did the change in the pedagogical approach due to the Covid-19 pandemic work for first year students? To examine this question, literature from education experts will be briefly examined, as well as the lived experience of lecturers and students with regard to the subject Law of Persons and the Family as presented at the University of Johannesburg during the Covid-19 lockdown. Possible aspects to explore include firstly the support of first-year students; secondly, the use of technology in the learning sphere during the Covid-19 pandemic; thirdly, the opinions of education specialists about
Digitization of Accounting Processes in the Formation of Reporting Indicators under IFRS
Authors:   Kryvyi Rih National University, Bradul Alexander , Shepeliuk Vira ,   Kryvyi Rih National University, Roeva Olga ,   Kryvyi Rih National University
Published: February 2025

The modern global economy demands the modernization of accounting and financial reporting systems from enterprises. The digitization of accounting processes has emerged as a key strategy, offering enhanced data utilization, increased transparency, and strengthened financial security. The digitization of accounting processes has become a crucial factor in the modernization of financial reporting systems. This paper examines the role of digitization in the formation of financial reporting indicators under IFRS, highlighting the benefits, challenges, and potential advancements in the field. This study aims to analyze the impact of digitization on accounting processes, particularly in the formation of financial reporting indicators under IFRS. The research focuses on identifying key digital tools such as cloud computing, blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems that optimize financial reporting. Additionally, it evaluates the regulatory landscape, the role of technology in compliance, and the broader economic implications of digital transformation in accounting. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative analysis. Empirical data is collected through structured surveys and expert interviews with financial professionals, accountants, and regulatory bodies. Statistical analysis is used to assess the effectiveness of various digital tools in ensuring compliance with IFRS and improving financial reporting accuracy. The comparative analysis of traditional and digital accounting practices further highlights the advantages and limitations of digitization. The findings indicate that the digitization of accounting processes significantly enhances financial reporting accuracy, efficiency, and compliance with IFRS. Cloud-based accounting platforms provide secure and accessible financial data management, while AI-driven analytics streamline decision-making. privacy concerns, and the need for regulatory adaptation remain significant. The study underscores the necessity of a structured regulatory framework to facilitate a seamless transition to digital accounting practices. Further research should focus on developing standardized frameworks for digital accounting integration, addressing cybersecurity concerns, and assessing the long-term economic impact of digitization in financial reporting.