bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel solution strategies for multiparametric nonlinear optimization problems with convex objective function and linear constraints
Authors: Narciso Diogo , Pistikopoulos Efstratios
Published: October 2023

This paper expands the Multiparametric Quadratic Programming (mp-QP) framework presented in \cite{nar22} to the more general Multiparametric Nonlinear Programming (mp-NLP) case. First, the vector of parameters in mp-NLP problems is recast so that a unique transformed parameter is implicitly assigned to each of the inequality constraints. Maps of critical regions in this transformed space of parameters feature a set of 1-dimensional parametric edges (two per inequality constraint), which then greatly facilitate solution calculation. In the mp-NLP case, however, parametric edges define nonlinear semi-infinite lines; this requires an adaptation to the mp-QP algorithm (deals with linear parametric edges only), to enable a suitable calculation path to the more general nonlinear case. Three routes are proposed to mp-NLPs: the first route delivers solutions in compact form (same format as in mp-QP) using a single reference point per edge; the second route delivers explicit solutions using a hybrid approach for critical region construction, where all active sets not detected in the parameters space are excluded from the solution (equivalent to first route concerning accuracy); the third route builds on the initial explicit solution and further partitions the parameters space until all solution fragments satisfy an error check. Five algorithms were coded for these routes, and tested in a large range of mp-NLP problems. These strategies enable significant improvements in terms of solution accuracy, algorithm efficiency, and interpretability when compared to the state-of-the-art mp-NLP algorithms.
Application of CED and HED techniques for Shockwave Detection with High-speed Schlirden and Shadowgraph images
Authors: Paramasivam Vinoth Kumar , Narayanan Jayaprakash
Published: October 2023

Schlieren and shadowgraph images are valuable tools in aerospace engineering due to their user-friendly nature. They are commonly used to gain insights into flow patterns, particularly in the context of high-speed phenomena. Investigating dynamic shock wave structures, such as shock reflection patterns and interactions between shock waves and boundary layers, involves the use of high-speed Schlieren and shadowgraph systems. These techniques are vital for understanding complex aerodynamic phenomena. Typically, sequences of Schlieren and shadowgraph images are used for qualitative analysis. These image sequences serve as the foundation for understanding and interpreting the observed flow patterns. Dealing with extensive data from high-speed Schlieren and shadowgraph images often requires image processing methods. This includes techniques like background subtraction, edge recognition, and shock detection to enhance the quality of data and enable detailed analysis. The phenomenon of shock wave detection from a high-speed airflow over a forward-facing step is discussed in this article. This real-world example illustrates the practical application of Schlieren and shadowgraph imaging and the importance of accurate shockwave detection by comparing two different image processing methods for shockwave detection: Canny Edge Detection (CED) and Holistically-Nested Edge Detection (HED). According to the data, HED performs better than CED at correctly identifying shockwaves in Schlieren and shadowgraph images.
Development of a patient decision aid for type 2 diabetes mellitus: a patient-centered approach
Authors: Tichler Anna , Hertroijs Dorijn , Ruwaard Dirk , Brouwers Martijn , Elissen Arianne
Published: October 2023

Background:
Patient decision aids (PDAs) have been shown to effectively facilitate shared decision-making (SDM) between patients and healthcare professionals. The International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) Collaboration created a model for the systematic development of PDAs, offering guidance to PDA developers. However, the absence of a solid evidence base limits practical recommendations for best practices. For example, uncertainties exist about the most appropriate method for identifying the needs and preferences of patients and healthcare professionals. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the development process (including key stakeholders and methodologies employed), using the IPDAS model, for the development of a PDA for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods:
Between September 2020 and February 2023, we systematically developed the PDA for T2DM in the Netherlands. We adopted a patient-centered approach by researching patient considerations and actively collaborating with a multidisciplinary steering group that represented all relevant stakeholders in Dutch diabetes care (e.g., patients with T2DM, healthcare professionals, and patient organizations). The content of the PDA and the development of a prototype were determined by incorporating the needs and preferences of patients, input from the steering group, and available evidence regarding treatment options for T2DM. The research team and steering group iteratively reviewed the PDA prototype.
Results:
A web-based PDA was developed consisting of five sections: 1) information about T2DM and the available treatment options; 2) comparison of treatment options based on, for example, risk of cardiovascular diseases and effect on daily life; 3) questions to assess patients’ knowledge; 4) value-clarification exercise; and 5) summary of the patient’s journey through the PDA. Before patients use the PDA, healthcare professionals can make a preselection of the most relevant treatment options.
Conclusions:
Patients and healthcare professionals were involved in the development process of the PDA for T2DM in an early and iterative way. This ensured that the PDA is aligned with the needs and preferences of the end-users. In a future study, we will investigate the effectiveness of the PDA in facilitating shared decision-making in the treatment of T2DM.
Trial registration: International Clinical Trials Registry Platform ID: NL8948, date of registration: 05-10-2020
Anti-inflammatory peptides as promising therapeutics agent against inflammatory bowel diseases: A systematic review
Authors: Ghazvini Kiarash , Amirfakhrian Razieh , Taghiabadi Zahra
Published: October 2023

Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still an idiopathic condition; however, is probably associated to the dysregulation of gut mucosal immunity, intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, and environmental risk factors. Therefore, need call for novel therapeutic strategies. We aim to systematically review the latest current evidence on anti-inflammatory peptides (AIPs) as a new treatment approach in IBD, particularly by focus on Ulcerative Colitis and Cron’s diseases.
Methodology:
This systematic study was carried out in February 2023 following PRISMA 2020 guideline. Published studies that investigate the use of anti-inflammatory peptides for IBD treatment in were retrieved through searches of the literature in the Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases.
Results
Seventeen studies satisfied the predesigned criteria and were involved, in which 12 of them used animal models of IBD, 4 were clinical trials, and one study was case-control. Results showed that H-SN1, a peptide derived from the snake’s venom and glucagon-like peptide-2 dimer (GLP-2②), significantly inhibits TNF cytotoxicity. Moreover, oral administration of AVX-470 (bovine-derived, anti-TNF antibody) reduced TNF, MPO, and apoptosis levels in enterocytes. Maintaining gut hemostasis and reversing gut dysbiosis could be effective in IBD treatment which Ac2-26 (a peptide that mimics annexin A1) and a combination of the αs2-casein peptide with synbiotics were helpful in this condition. AMP-18 (gastrokine-1) and MBCP (peptide derived from buffalo milk) can aid in preserving the intestinal barrier’s integrity by stabilizing tight junctions (TJs). This could potentially prevent IBD from occurring.
Conclusion
AIPs help reduce inflammation, regulate gut microbiota, and stabilize the intestinal barrier. However, their effectiveness can be limited due to destruction by proteases or harm to host cells. Further research should focus on improving their pharmacokinetic characteristics for better therapeutic potential.
Log Poisoning Attacks in Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Noman Haitham Ameen , Abu-Sharkh Osama M.F. , Noman Sinan Ameen
Published: October 2023

The rapid spread of IoT devices has introduced a complex landscape of security threats, compromising device functionality and user privacy. Among these threats, log poisoning attacks have recently garnered attention among cybersecurity practitioners for their severity and effectiveness. Log poisoning involves the manipulation of automatically generated logs in IoT devices, significantly compromising the attacked device and making it susceptible to malicious code execution, which may lead to further destructive cyberattacks. This paper is the first to comprehensively address log poisoning attacks on IoT systems and devices. We introduce various methodologies to perform such attacks, focusing particularly on practical implementations involving misconfigured log files on Raspberry Pi 4, which is commonly used in IoT applications. We also introduced a technique that advanced adversaries can employ to cover their tracks effectively. Through Intrusion Modes and Criticality Analysis (IMECA), we analyze the severity and potential impact of these attacks and propose mitigation strategies to avoid the occurrence of such attacks. We emphasize the importance of adopting mitigation strategies to maintain the confidentiality, integrity, and reliability of IoT ecosystems. As a further step to counteract the threat, we design a novel technique to detect and mitigate log poisoning attacks.
Emergence of a Mutual-Growth Mechanism in Networks Evolved by Social Preference Based on Indirect Utility
Authors: Lee Jong-Hyeok , Ogawa Ken-ichiro
Published: October 2023

Preferential attachment is an important mechanism in the structural evolution of complex networks. However, though the resources of a network have an effect beyond a direct relationship, growth by preferential attachment based on indirect resources has not been systematically investigated. Here, we propose a mathematical model that reflects the utility of direct and indirect resources to the preference. Our analysis showed that preferential attachment involving indirect utility forms a converged and hierarchical structure, thereby significantly increasing the indirect utility across the entire network. Further, we found that the structures are formed by mutual growth between adjacent nodes, which promotes a scaling exponent of 1.5 between the number of indirect and direct links. Lastly, by examining several real networks, we found evidence of mutual growth, especially in social networks. Overall, our findings demonstrate the role of preference by indirect utility in the structural and functional evolution of large-scale social networks.
Lowering the cost of fault-tolerant Quantum Comparator Circuits
Authors: Donaire Laura M. , Ortega Gloria , Garzón Ester M. , Orts Francisco
Published: October 2023

Quantum comparators hold substantial significance in the scientific community as fundamental components in a wide array of algorithms. In this research, we present an innovative approach where we explore the realm of comparator circuits, specifically focussing on three distinct circuit designs present in the literature. These circuits are notable for their use of T-gates, which have gained significant attention in circuit design due to their ability to enable the utilisation of error-correcting codes to ensure fault-tolerance in quantum circuits. However, it is important to note that T-gates come at a considerable computational cost. Our methodology revolves around a comprehensive study of these comparator circuits from a bottom-up perspective. We delve deep into the intricate details of these circuits, dissecting their underlying components and functions. This meticulous examination forms the foundation of our research, enabling us to identify areas where optimisations can be made to improve their performance.
One of the key contributions of our work is the optimisation of the quantum gates used within these circuits. We have expressed the proposed circuits in Clifford+T gates to render them fault-tolerant while concurrently minimising the utilisation of T-gates, thereby mitigating the associated computational costs. By strategically reducing the number of T-gates used and improving their efficiency, we not only mitigate computational overhead, but also ensure the robustness of these circuits in the face of errors and environmental disturbances.
Dependability Models for Computer-Assisted Surveillance Systems Planning: A Strategy Based on Multiple Maintenance Alternatives
Authors: Brito Carlos , Araújo Gabriel , Rego Paulo , Fé Iure , Maciel Paulo , Callou Gustavo , Borges Ivson , Silva Francisco Airton
Published: October 2023

High crime rates plague many nations worldwide, and with it comes the problem of lack of security that these countries face.
The lack of an efficient monitoring system allows people to commit the most varied types of crimes.
Deploying minimally intelligent monitoring systems helps to a great extent to minimize the problem, but they are very costly and well-designed to avoid unnecessary expenses.
A point of great importance in planning an intelligent monitoring system is to measure its availability to ensure a configuration that provides the highest possible uptime.
In this context, this paper proposes models for evaluating the dependability of an intelligent monitoring system.
The proposed models are stochastic Petri nets (SPN) models that allow evaluation of the availability and reliability of the proposed monitoring architecture.
The models investigate the impact of maintenance issues on proposals to increase availability.
When analyzing the maintenance routines, it was possible to perceive the peculiarity of each one, as well as some negative points in one of them.
This study can help speed up planning smart monitoring systems by showing a low-cost method compared to a real test.
The advantages of duct-to-duct biliary reconstruction in pediatric living donor liver transplantation
Authors: Toriigahara Yukihiro , Matsuura Toshiharu , Yanagi Yusuke , Yoshimaru Koichiro , Uchida Yasuyuki , Kajihara Keisuke , Shirai Takeshi , Kawano Yuki , Kawakubo Naonori , Nagata Kouji , Tajiri Tatsuro
Published: October 2023

Background/Purpose:
Whether Roux-en-Y hepatic jejunectomy (HJ) or duct-to-duct biliary reconstruction (DD) is more useful in pediatric living donor liver transplantation has not yet been fully investigated. Therefore, to assess the feasibility and safety of DD, we compared the surgical outcomes of DD to HJ.
Methods:
We divided 45 patients, excluding those with biliary atresia, into the DD group (n=20) and the HJ group (n=25), according to the type of biliary reconstruction they received.
Results:
The 5-year survival rates (DD vs. HJ=79.7% vs. 83.6%, p=0.70) and the incidence of biliary complications, including bile leakage and stricture (DD vs. HJ=1 [5.0%] vs. 1 [4.0%], p=0.87) were not significantly different between the groups. However, intestinal complications, including bowel perforation or ileus, were significantly common in the HJ group (9/25 [36.0%]) than in the DD group (1/20 [5.0%]; p=0.01). The three patients in the HJ group with intestinal perforation all suffered perforation at the anastomosed site in the Roux-en-Y procedure. The subgroup analysis showed the non-inferiority of DD to HJ for biliary or intestinal complications in patients weighting <10 kg.
Conclusion:
With a proper selection of cases, DD should be a safe method for biliary reconstruction in pediatric recipients with little risk of biliary complications equivalent to HJ and a reduced risk of intestinal complications.
Bronze Age communication and trade networks from Mediterranean Ivory records
Authors: Bilotti Giacomo , Kempf Michael , Leon Jose Miguel Morillo
Published: October 2023

The transportation of Bronze Age ivory raw material and artefacts across the Mediterranean has been in the focus of archaeological research for over a century now. However, tracing the flow of ivory has mostly been restricted to traditional theoretical models of raw material distributions deriving from socio-culturally centred considerations. Environmental conditions, potential transportation networks and dissemination routes have not yet been considered decisive for the spread of ivory raw material from the African shores and the Eastern Mediterranean towards the Iberian Peninsula. Implementing computational environmental and archaeological modelling, we present a fully reproducible quantitative approach to estimate potential communication and transportation networks based on environmental covariates. We deploy a Network Analysis model and a predictive model based on Least Cost Path density to propose a potential land- and sea-based movement corridor for the western Mediterranean Basin that could have enabled the cultural spread of ivory during the 3rd and 2nd millennia BC.
Are minimal residual disease measurement after consolidation therapy useful in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia?
Authors: Stutterheim janine , Waarden Rachella van der , de Groot-Kruseman Hester , Sonneveld Edwin , Haas Valerie , Dandis Rana , Schoot C. Ellen van der , Velden Vincent van der , Pieters Rob
Published: October 2023

Minimal residual disease (MRD) is regularly measured at later timepoints after end of first consolidation (EOC) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The question remains whether this is useful for detecting (molecular) relapse. We investigated the clinical relevance of MRD after EOC in intermediate risk patients treated on DCOG-ALL-10 (n = 271) and DCOG-ALL-9 (n = 122), with MRD < 0.05% at EOC. EOC MRD negative patients (n = 178) had excellent outcomes, irrespective of MRD results at later timepoints; 6-years relapse free survival (6y-RFS) of 92.0% (95% CI:88–97) for those with MRD negativity at all later timepoints compared to 96.2% (95% CI:89–100) for those with one or more later timepoints being positive (p = 0.46). Patients with positive EOC MRD (n = 91) of whom the subsequent timepoints were MRD negative (n = 43), had comparable good outcomes, 6y-RFS of 93.0% (95% CI:85–100). Patients being MRD positive at EOC and MRD positivity at one or more subsequent timepoints (n = 48) had a higher risk of relapse, 6y-RFS 70.5% (95% CI:58–84), p = 0.002. These findings were confirmed in the validation cohort of ALL-9. In patients who are MRD negative at EOC, MRD measurements at later timepoints can be abandoned. For patients who are EOC MRD positive the subsequent MRD measurement might be informative for further risk stratification.
Spectroscopic and an active site analysis of 2,2-diphenyl-1,3- propanediol as antitumor and inflammatory potential
Authors: Bayrakdar Alpaslan , Magudeeswaran Sivanandam , Manivannan Prasath , Bangaru Sathya
Published: October 2023

The compound 2,2-Diphenyl-1,3-Propanediol (22D13P) is very useful in the development of biological-based plastic materials. The FT-IR, 13C and 1H-NMR spectra of 22D13P molecule was recorded theoretically as well as compared with experimental results. The fundamental vibrational modes were assigned based on potential energy distribution% (PED%) analysis. The stabilization energy and charge distributions of 22D13P molecule were obtained with the help of natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. In addition, the electronic properties of 22D13P molecule were analyzed via highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). The drug-likeness properties of 22D13P molecule were studied. Furthermore, molecular docking was used to examine the interactions between the 22D13P molecule and 6I65 receptor from estrogen-related receptor (ER) family. The molecular dynamics simulation analysis showed that 22D13P molecule can be a potential inhibitor for breast cancer treatment.
Inferring Mental Representational Structure of the Self in Time, Space, and Social Domains via a Modified Redundancy Gain Paradigm
Authors: Kim Hyunji , Florack Arnd
Published: October 2023

The ability to project oneself into an alternative situation is an essential human capacity. While research showing that such abilities base human decision making is abundant, the cognitive organization of the self across social, temporal, and spatial domains constituting the basic materials for self-projection is not clear. The current study introduces a new paradigm to gauge the representational overlaps among social (me myself), temporal (me now) and spatial (me here) selves by utilizing a shape-label matching task in a modified redundancy gain paradigm. Based on the level of redundancy gain effects, we infer a representational overlap among social, temporal, and spatial selves in a systematic way. Our results showed that the spatial self resides at the core of the self-representation which conceptually extends to the temporal and ultimately, to the social self, echoing the human developmental stages of self-representation. This novel finding advances the understanding and theorizing of the self-concept as an orderly structured mental construct.
The nadir platelet count in the first 48 hours after ICU admission is a potential predictor of acute kidney injury in hemorrhagic shock patients
Authors: Liang yufan , Liang Silin , Wu Quanzhong , Huang Jianyang , Hu Linhui , Li Ziyun , Pan Chixing , He Yuemei , Zhou Xinjuan , Chen Chunbo
Published: October 2023

Background
Whether the nadir platelet count in the first 48 hours after intensive care unit (ICU) admission could be a potential predictor of acute kidney injury (AKI) in hemorrhagic shock patients has not been determined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the nadir platelet count in the first 48 hours after ICU admission and the occurrence of AKI caused by hemorrhagic shock.
Methods
This dual-center, observational retrospective study included hemorrhagic shock patients hospitalized in Maoming People's Hospital and Guangdong Medical University Affiliated Hospital from January 2019 to May 2022. The nadir platelet count was defined as the lowest value in the first 48 hours after ICU admission. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the independent risk factors for AKI. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was analyzed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the studied markers. The primary outcome was the occurrence of AKI within the first 7 days of ICU stay diagnosed according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. In addition, serum cystatin C (sCysC) date were collected to explore the relationship with the nadir platelet count.
Results
A total of 124 patients were included for analysis, including 72 patients with AKI. Compared with patients without AKI, patients with AKI caused by hemorrhagic shock had a significantly the lower nadir platelet count, with the odds ratio (OR) of 0.980 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.973–0.987, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the nadir platelet count was an independent risk factor for AKI (OR = 0.988, 95% CI: 0.978–0.999, p = 0.035). The sensitivity and specificity for the nadir platelet count predicting AKI were 83% and 79%, respectively (AUC = 0.862, 95% CI: 0.795–0.929). Moreover, combining the nadir platelet count with sCysC increased the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to 0.922 (95% CI: 0.870–0.973), and this performance was statistically significantly better than either the individual the nadir platelet count (p = 0.018) or sCysC (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
The nadir platelet count in the first 48 hours after ICU admission was independently associated with the incidence of AKI in hemorrhagic shock patients and could be a potential predictor of AKI in this patient population.
Automation of systematic reviews of biomedical literature: a systematic review of studies indexed in PubMed
Authors: Tóth Barbara , Berek László , Gulácsi László , Péntek Márta , Zrubka Zsombor
Published: October 2023

Background
The demand for high quality systematic literature reviews (SLRs) is growing for evidence-based medical decision making. SLRs are costly and require the scarce resource of highly skilled reviewers. Automation technology has been proposed to save workload and expedite the SLR workflow.
Objectives
We aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of SLR automation studies indexed in PubMed, focusing on the applicability of these technologies in real world practice.
Methods
In November 2022, we ran a combined search syntax of four published SLRs on SLR automation. Full-text English peer-reviewed articles were included if they reported Studies on SLR Automation Methods (SSAM), or Automated SLRs (ASLR). Bibliographic analyses and knowledge-discovery studies were excluded. Record screening was performed by single reviewers, the selection of full text papers was performed in duplicate. We summarized the publication details, automated review stages, automation goals, applied tools, data sources, methods, results and Google Scholar citations of SLR automation studies.
Results
From 5321 records screened by title and abstract, we included 123 full text articles, out of which 108 were SSAMs and 15 ASLRs. Automation was applied for search, record screening, full-text selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, evidence synthesis, assessment of evidence quality and reporting in 19 (15.4%), 89 (72.4%), 6 (4.9%), 13 (10.6%), 9 (7.3%), 2 (1.6%), 2 (1.6%), and 2 (1.6%) studies, respectively. Multiple SLR stages were automated by 11 (8.9%) studies. The performance of automated record screening varied largely across SLR topics. In published ASLRs we found examples of automated search, record screening, full-text selection and data extraction. In some ASLRs automation complemented fully manual reviews to increase sensitivity rather than to save workload. Reporting of automation details were often incomplete in ASLRs.
Conclusions
Automation techniques are being developed for all SLRs stages, but with limited real-world adoption. Most SLR automation tools target single SLR stages, with modest time savings for the entire SLR process and varying sensitivity and specificity across studies. Therefore, the real-world benefits of SLR automation remain uncertain. Standardizing the terminology, reporting, and metrics of study reports could enhance the adoption of SLR automation techniques in real-world practice.
Lifelogging in einer Kultur der Digitalität
Authors: Dehmel Lukas , Burgfeld-Meise Bianca
Published: October 2023

Dieser Beitrag historisiert Dieter Baackes Medienkompetenzmodell angesichts aktueller medialer Herausforderungen in einer Kultur der Digitalität in Anlehnung an Stalder. Dabei werden die unterschiedlichen Perspektiven zunächst dargestellt und im Kontext von Lifelogging als ein zentrales Phänomen heutiger digitaler Kulturen diskutiert. Diese Diskussion wird im Anschluss qualitativ mit der seriell-ikonografischen Fotoanalyse nach Pilarczyk und Mietzner empirisch perspektiviert. Durch die empirische Analyse werden zentrale Diskurse aktueller Medienkompetenzen in einer digitalen Kultur herausgearbeitet. Dabei stehen weniger die vier Kompetenzbereiche Baackes im Fokus der Argumentation als vielmehr der veränderte Modus des „In-der-Welt-Seins“, der sich durch die Analyse offenbart und unterschiedliche Herausforderungen an Individuen in digitalen Kulturen stellt.
Impact of climate change on droughts: a case study of the Zard River Basin in Iran
Authors: Mahdavi Pedram , Ghorbanizadeh Kharazi Hossein
Published: October 2023

In this research a SWAT model was assembled and used to evaluate the effects of climate change on runoff and drought in a semi-arid basin in Iran. The SWAT model showed good performance in the simulation of runoff. Eleven General Circulation Models (GCMs) under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 and Representative concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP45 and RCP85) scenarios, and the period 2022-2041 was selected to investigate future projections. It was predicted that under all of the scenarios, runoff will decrease significantly. Annual rates showed that runoff will fall to 7.73 m3/s (11.6% decreased) and 6.78 m3/s (22.5% decreased) under RCP45 and RCP85 from 8.75 m3/s during next 20 years in this basin, respectively. In this research, the meteorological and hydrological droughts were estimated using SPI and SDI indices, respectively. By coupling of climate change scenarios and SWAT models it was found that the severity of droughts in the future will be far greater than has ever happened before. Key words: climate change, hydrological drought, SDI, semi-arid basin, SPI, SWAT.
Tertiary treatment using ultrafiltration in an existing sewage treatment plant for industrial reuse: a modelling approach using artificial neural network with uncertainty estimation
Authors: Ramkumar D. , Jothiprakash V.
Published: October 2023

Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation of Maharashtra state, India, unified a tertiary treatment plant (TTP) of 20 × 103 m3/day capacity with ultrafiltration technology in an existing Koparkhairane sewage treatment plant (STP) for producing effluent quality usable for industrial purposes. As prior art, an artificial neural network-genetic algorithm (ANN-GA) along with uncertainty estimation using prediction interval is employed to model secondary treated effluent (STE) flow rate (QT) and other quality parameters such as biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and total suspended solids (TSS) to conclude the reliability of the range in which the input available to TTP. ANN-GA model provides a coefficient of determination above 0.90 for all STE parameters modelled other than TSS. Inferring that a good quantity and quality of 20 × 103 m3/day STP treated water is currently available, where a decreasing trend of QT is also noticed and highlighted. Further, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test on the quality parameter of effluent TTP for industrial reuse standard infers TSS shows infringement during the initial period but started adhering to standards over time. The research delineates at the outset of exploring water reuse policy in India, emphasizing Maharashtra state, modelling STE using ANN-GA and performance evaluation of TTP.
Strategi Mesir Menghadapi Ancaman Pembangunan Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (Gerd)
Authors:   Universitas Sriwijaya, Rahmawati Asterina , Gea Meitha Tristiani
Published: October 2023

Nile river passes through Egypt, Tanzania, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, Sudan, Rwanda, Eritrea and southern Sudan. The river that is the pride of the Egyptian state does flow to various countries, but other countries do not feel the benefits at all. Only Egypt has the right to use the water of the Nile in accordance with the treaties in 1929 and 1959. 97% of Egypt's water supply comes from the Nile. Egypt has become a country with strong control over the distribution of water discharge in the Nile. However, as a country mired in poverty and struggling with severe drought, Ethiopia, considers the agreement irrelevant and very detrimental. Ethiopia finally challenged the historical water access rights through the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). This project is planned to be completed in 2022. However, the construction of this dam by Ethiopia of course be a big threat to Egypt because it can drastically reduce the availability of water to the country, so the right strategy is needed to be able to overcome the threat of GERD development. The paper in this study aims to find out how Egypt's strategy is in dealing with the threat of the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). In this study, the author applies a qualitative method. The author utilizes various related sources such as journals and books and is analyzed using the theory of the National Interest to be able to answer research questions
Kontribusi Indonesia dalam Peacekeeping Mission di Lebanon sebagai Implementasi Diplomasi Pertahanan
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Khoirunnisa Tsabita Afifah , Jannah R. AJ. Feyfil , Qonita Mafazati , Tjondrodewi Dena Caristy
Published: October 2023

This study aims to find out more about how the conditions in Lebanon lead Indonesia to uphold peace by mobilizing its energy in peacekeeping operations. This study shows how Indonesia has participated in participating together with the peace organization UNIFIL (United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon) in carrying out its free-active politics by sending the Garuda Contingent (KONGA) to several conflict areas in Lebanon. Indonesia's participation in this program is a manifestation of its foreign policy in the form of defence diplomacy, further this research discusses how the contingent sent by Indonesia became one of Indonesia's defence diplomacy. Defence diplomacy is one of the defence strategies that refers to ends, means, and ways that can give birth to several policies taken by Indonesia in which Indonesian defence diplomacy is a form of soft diplomacy which is one way to achieve a country's national interest.
Unveiling Topics and Emotions in Arabic Tweets Surrounding the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Topic Modeling and Sentiment Analysis Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Alshanik Farah , Khasawneh Rawand , Dalky Alaa , Qawasmeh Ethar
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

Background: The worldwide effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have been deeply profound, and the Arab world has not been exempt from its wide-ranging consequences. Within this context, social media platforms like Twitter have taken on a crucial role as vital sources for sharing information and expressing public opinions during this global crisis. Careful investigation of Arabic tweets related to COVID-19 can provide invaluable insights into the common topics and underlying sentiments that shape discussions about the pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

Objective: The objective of the present study was to understand the concerns and feelings of Twitter users in the Arabic speaking countries about the COVID-19 pandemic. This was accomplished through analyzing the themes and sentiments that were expressed in Arabic tweets about the pandemic.

METHODS

Methods: In this study, 1 million Arabic tweets related to COVID-19 and posted between March 1 and March 31, 2020, were analyzed. Machine learning techniques, such as topic modeling and sentiment analysis, were applied to understand the main topics and emotions that were expressed in these tweets.

RESULTS

Results: The analysis of Arabic tweets revealed several prominent topics related to COVID-19. The analysis identified and grouped 16 different conversation topics that were organized into 8 themes : (1) Preventive Measures and Safety, (2) Medical and Healthcare Aspects, (3) Government and Social Measures, (4) Impact and Numbers, (5) Vaccine Development and Research, (6) COVID-19 and Religious Practices, (7) COVID19’s Global Impact on Sports and Countries, and (8) COVID-19 and National Efforts. Across all the topics we identified, the prevailing sentiments regarding the spread of COVID-19 were primarily centered around anger, followed by disgust, joy, and anticipation. Notably, when conversations revolved around new COVID-19 cases and fatalities, public tweets revealed a notably heightened sense of anger in comparison to other subjects.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions: The study provides valuable insights into the topics and emotions associated with COVID-19 as reflected in Arabic tweets. It demonstrates the significance of social media platforms, particularly Twitter, in capturing the Arab speaking community’s concerns and sentiments during the pandemic. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the prevailing discourse, enabling take holders to tailor effective communication strategies and address specific public concerns. This study underscores the importance of monitoring social media conversations in Arabic to support public health efforts and crisis management during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A Natural Language Processing Approach to Identify Negative Keywords in Electronic Health Records for Maternal Care (Preprint)
Authors: Tabaie Azade , Thomas Angela D. , Mutondo Emily K. , Fong Allan
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

Maternal harm is a major crisis that disproportionately affects Black women. Unstructured clinical notes from electronic health records (EHR) data may contain insights for unsafe maternal care delivery. Studies have analyzed unstructured clinical notes in the EHR using natural language processing for tone and sentiment and discovered that tone and sentiment contributes to preventable patient safety events.

OBJECTIVE

We analyzed potentially negative keywords in the clinical notes in EHR data recorded for women who experienced severe maternal morbidity or had postpartum readmission within 42 days of delivery at one of two large, birthing hospitals in Washington, DC.

METHODS

Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: Using a predefined list of negative keywords (i.e., nonadherent, aggressive, agitated, angry, challenging, combative, noncompliant, confront, noncooperative/uncooperative, defensive, exaggerate, hysterical, unpleasant, refuse, and resist), we applied natural language processing and machine learning techniques to detect negative keywords in unstructured EHR clinical notes.
Participants: The cohort was defined as female patients who had delivery encounter at one of two large, birthing hospitals in Washington, DC from January 1st, 2016, to March 31st, 2020.

RESULTS

Negative keywords were more frequently used for 30-44 years old patients. The adjusted odds of having negative keywords in EHR clinical notes during delivery encounters were 1.08, 1, and 0.77 for Black, White, and Other patients, respectively. Patients with commercial insurance type had lower adjusted odds of having a negative keyword (commercial = 1 vs. self pay = 1.13 and Medicare/Medicaid = 1.14).

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings indicated healthcare providers’ potential implicit racial biases in documenting EHR clinical notes for Black patients during delivery encounters.
Research on the Influencing Factors of Inpatients’ Behavioral Intention to “Internet + Nursing Service” based on Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (Preprint)
Authors: Fei Tian, Xiaojing Zhou , Fengzhi Wan Fei , Tian Fei , Zhou Xiaojing , Wan Fengzhi , Gui Shengmin , Mi Yuanyuan , Liu Min , Liu Jinglan , Qu Xingguang , Li Chaxiang , Zhang Zhaohui , Xi Zuyang
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

With the increase of China’s aging population and the popularization of internet communication technology, extended nursing services show great potential. However, “Internet + Nursing services” is a relatively new technology in China, and the adoption rate of “Internet + Nursing services” applications by patients is low, and the factors influencing patients’ willingness to use them are unclear. Therefore, it’s necessary to understand patients’ behavioral intentions so as to support the development and widespread use of the “Internet + Nursing services” application.

OBJECTIVE

To identify key factors in inpatient behavioral willingness to use “Internet + Nursing services” based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model.

METHODS

We established a hypothetical model based on UTAUT, constructed a structured questionnaire, and adopted convenience sampling method to conduct a cross-sectional study of inpatients in public hospitals in Yichang City from May 2023 to June 2023. We used SPSSS 24 and SPSS Amos 24.0 software for data analysis and model test, and Structural Equation Model (SEM) to estimate the significance of path coefficients to understand the influencing factors better.

RESULTS

A total of 1348 inpatients were investigated in this study, and 944 valid questionnaires were collected. The fitness indices suggested that the collected data fit well with the research model. The Cronbachα value and KMO value of the questionnaire were 0.944 and 0.953, indicating good reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The model explained 66.8% of the variance in performance expectancy and 59.3% of the variance in behavioral intention. Performance expectancy(β =0.160, P=0.003),social influence(β =0.692, P＜0.001),effort expectation(β =0.152, P＜0.001) have a direct effect on behavioral intention.Facilitating conditions and perceived risk have no direct effect on behavioral intention. Besides, social influence, effort expectation and facilitating conditions mediated by performance expectancy have indirect influence on behavioral intention.

CONCLUSIONS

This study identified the factors affecting the behavioral intention of inpatients to use “Internet + Nursing services”. Social influence is the most important determinant factor of the use of “Internet + Nursing services”, and facilitating conditions is the most important determinant of performance expectancy. Guidance and publicity should be strengthened at the national or social level, while the practicability and convenience of the application should be improved to help patients to accept and promote the application of “Internet + Nursing services”.
Effect of Soy Sauce on Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on Propensity Score Matching (Preprint)
Authors: Jiang Junjun , Liang Hao , Ye Li , Wang Cuixiao , Hu Xiangju , chen shanshan , wu yuting , Lu Beibei , Chen Xiu , Tang Wenting , He Shujuan
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

Chinese cooking favors light flavors, and commonly used seasonings include salt, oil, soy sauce, vinegar, sugar plant spices, etc. The effect of seasoning on hypertension in China is currently unknown.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to understand the prevalence of hypertension in adult residents of Fujian Province, China, and to explore the effect of the most common soy sauce on hypertension.

METHODS

A multi-stage, whole-group random sampling approach was used to select adult residents for a questionnaire survey, physical examination, and data collection on personal information, diet, and blood pressure from December 2019 to June 2022. Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS 26.0 and R 4.1.3. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was also utilized to establish a 1:1 matching ratio between individuals with and without hypertension. Subsequently, a logistic regression analysis was conducted between the traditional condiments on hypertension.

RESULTS

The prevalence of hypertension among adult residents in Fujian Province stands at 28.02%. It was found that a 9% increased risk of hypertension (OR=1.09, 95% CI 1.02-1.16) was associated with a daily salt intake of ≥5.00g of edible salt versus <5.00 g of edible salt per day, and a 19% increased risk of hypertension (OR=1.19, 95% CI 1.11-1.26) was associated with a daily oil intake of ≥29.17g of edible oil versus <29.17g of edible oil per day. In contrast, intake of ≥2.88g of soy sauce per day was associated with a 16% lower risk of hypertension compared with <2.88g per day (OR=0.84, 95% CI 0.79-0.90), and there was a linear trend between per capita daily intake of oil, salt, and soy sauce and the prevalence of hypertension. Subsequent analysis of 6,216 matched pairs of hypertensive and non-hypertensive subjects showed that the results of the paired data analysis were consistent with the above results. After further subgroup analyses, it was found that the effect of soy sauce in reducing the risk of hypertension persisted irrespective of stratified analyses of salt intake and oil intake.

CONCLUSIONS

Notably, the consumption of traditional condiments in China exhibits a significant association with the incidence of hypertension in Fujian Province. Furthermore, within the context of edible salt and oil control measures, a judicious increase in soy sauce consumption may potentially mitigate hypertension occurrences.
Unraveling the Nexus Between COVID-19, Long COVID and Sleep Perturbations: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Shao Heng , Chen Hui , Xu Kewang , Gan Quan , Chen Meiling , Zhao Yanyu , Yu Shun , Li Yutong , Chen Lihua , Cai Bibo
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

Following the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant subset of previously infected individuals experience enduring multisystem symptoms, designated as “long COVID”. Sleep disturbances are frequently reported in this population, yet comprehensive data elucidating COVID-19’s impact on sleep architecture remains scarce.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to conduct an expansive cross-sectional analysis delineating the effects of COVID-19 on sleep quality, while accounting for associated psychological and socioeconomic factors.

METHODS

We distributed validated questionnaires assessing sleep quality (PSQI), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7) and other parameters among 1062 Chinese participants. Descriptive analyses examined infected (n=857) vs. uninfected (n=205) groups, with subsequentanalyses of those with persistent symptoms (“long COVID”, n=273) vs. without (n=789).

RESULTS

Acute COVID-19 infection modestly increased sleep latency and PSQI scores vs. uninfected individuals (P<.05) but did not affect most other sleep metrics. However, those with long COVID showed substantially impaired sleep across all domains (P<.01). Multivariable regression revealed that socioeconomic, health, and psychosocial factors strongly predicted sleep quality amongst COVID-19 patients beyond direct viral effects.

CONCLUSIONS

While acute COVID-19 mildly affects sleep, long COVID profoundly disrupt sleep quality. A complex interplay of demographic, medical, and behavioral factors influence sleep outcomes. These insights highlight priorities for screening and targeted interventions to improve sleep amongst COVID-19 survivors.
НАДЕЖНОСТЬ И БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ОПЕРАЦИОННЫХ СИСТЕМ РАЗЛИЧНОЙ АРХИТЕКТУРЫ. ЧАСТЬ 1
Authors: Назаров С. , Барсуков А.
Published: October 2023

Введение широкого пакета санкций привело российскую экономику к переориентации на использование отечественных программных продуктов, в том числе и операционных систем (ОС). Очевидным преимуществом отечественных ОС является то, что они разрабатываются согласно требованиям отечественных регуляторов по безопасности программных продуктов и потенциально могут обеспечить независимость от зарубежного ПО в целом. В данной статье предлагаются простые модели работы ОС различной архитектуры, основанные на теории марковских процессов, описываемых системами дифференциальных уравнений Колмогорова. Большое количество материала, рассмотренного в статье, предопределило ее разбиение на три взаимосвязанных части, публикуемых в последовательности трех номеров журнала.
La Economía indígena y el circuito mercantil en la Atacama boliviana de mediados del siglo XIX
Authors: Gundermann Hans , Chiappe Carlos Maria
Published: October 2023

The idea that 19th-century Atacama indigenous people were a muleteering society is prevalent in state administrative sources and observations by the era’s foreign travelers. This assertion has tinged, in part, today’s portrayals of this member of society from the Atacama’s Bolivian period. While national economic activation plans did lead to a boom in muleteering and forage agriculture, this article questions how much of the general population and the indigenous, in particular, got involved in muleteering as a result of the redesign and expansion of cross-border trade circuits. To answer this question, we propose an approach that considers all the economic players, adds new hypotheses and conceptual categories, and draws on unpublished documentary evidence.