bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tratamento periodontal e hiperplasia gengival induzida por medicamento: Revisão de literatura
Authors: Monte Francisca Mariane Martins , Furtado Manuela Almeida Montenegro
Published: July 2023

A hiperplasia gengival é um crescimento anormal do tecido gengival, podendo ter início nos tecidos gengivais anteriores em seguida passar acometer toda a parte posterior. Em alguns casos, as gengivas podem hiperplasiar e comprometer quase toda a superfície dentária. Diante da necessidade de se obter informações direcionadas e com evidências atualizadas sobre as indicações e eficácia do tratamento da hiperplasia, esse estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o tratamento periodontal e hiperplasia gengival induzida por medicamento. Estratégias de busca foram construídas para cada um dos seguintes bancos de dados: PubMed, Embase, Scopus e LiLACS. A busca na literatura cinzenta foi realizada no Pubmed Central. As palavras-chaves utilizadas foram Periodontitis, Periodontal Desease, Gingival hyperplasia drug, Cyclosporine, Phenytoin, periodontal treatment, periodontal parameters. A busca totalizou 675 estudos. Após a remoção das duplicadas e considerando os critérios de elegibilidade, 5 estudos foram selecionados para esta revisão sistemática. O risco de viés foi avaliado independentemente por dois autores da revisão. O Software RevMan foi usado para gerar o resumo e gráfico do risco de viés dos estudos selecionados que os pacientes que fazem o uso de medicamentos que induzem a hiperplasia gengival sejam acompanhados por um cirurgião dentista, pois vários estudos afirmam que por mais que seja feita uma higienização de forma correta, quase sempre ocorrerá o aumento gengival. De acordo com o desenvolvimento do caso, podendo passar até mesmo por alguns procedimentos cirúrgicos, como é o caso da gengivoplastia ou uma gengivectomia.
COVID-19 e preenchedores dérmicos na harmonização orofacial
Authors: Jesus Alinne Alves de , Suguihara Roberto Teruo , Muknicka Daniella Pilon
Published: July 2023

A busca por procedimentos estéticos tem aumentado devido a diversos fatores na sociedade moderna, levando as pessoas a buscarem melhorias por meio de procedimentos não invasivos, como a harmonização orofacial (HOF) realizada por cirurgiões-dentistas (CD). O Ácido Hialurônico (AH) é considerado um dos melhores preenchedores atualmente, uma vez que é uma substância naturalmente presente na pele humana, embora sua quantidade diminua ao longo dos anos. O preenchimento com AH pode proporcionar resultados positivos, amenizando linhas de envelhecimento e melhorando o contorno facial. No entanto, é importante destacar a relação entre a COVID-19 e o uso de preenchedores dérmicos. Com base em uma revisão narrativa e análise dos dados disponíveis na literatura, foi concluído que a COVID-19 pode aumentar o risco de desenvolvimento de uma complicação rara, porém potencialmente grave, chamada edema tardio intermitente persistente (ETIP) após o uso de preenchedores dérmicos. Estudos recentes sugerem que o vírus pode causar inflamação sistêmica e alterações na coagulação sanguínea, o que aumenta o risco de complicações após a aplicação dos preenchedores. Portanto, é fundamental que os profissionais de saúde estejam cientes dos riscos potenciais e tomem precauções para minimizar a exposição dos pacientes. É também necessário avaliar cuidadosamente o histórico médico dos pacientes antes do procedimento de preenchimento dérmico, a fim de identificar possíveis fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento do ETIP. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é, através de uma revisão narrativa da literatura acerca da relação entre a COVID-19 e a utilização de preenchedores dérmicos, especialmente na especialidade da HOF.
A forma mercadoria: compreensão da mercantilização da educação
Authors: Ferro Karla Érika Ferreira , Almeida Emanoel Rodrigues
Published: July 2023

Nas condições objetivas da sociedade mercantil-capitalista a forma mercadoria ou a torna-se a forma social das relações sociais de produção. Nesta sociabilidade, “a riqueza [...] aparece como uma imensa coleção de mercadorias”. Nestas circunstâncias, a questão central deste estudo é como o complexo da educação, nas condições objetivas da sociedade mercantil-capitalista, entra no processo de valorização do valor. Para tratar desta questão elegemos como objetivo geral explicitar, perspectivado pela economia política marxiana, como o complexo da educação assume a forma de mercadoria. E como objetivos específicos, descrever os elementos fundamentais da sociedade mercantil-capitalista: produtores privados e isolados, trabalho concreto e abstrato e o processo de troca; demonstrar a intercambialidade como a forma social das relações sociais de produção na sociedade mercantil-capitalista; explicitar os elementos constitutivos da mercadoria no complexo da educação: valor, valor de uso e valor de troca, trabalho concreto e abstrato. Para realização de nosso estudo lançaremos mão do pensamento de Marx e de interpretações feitas por diversos autores. Utilizaremos os pressupostos onto-metodológicos no desenvolvimento da pesquisa bibliográfica perspectivados pelo materialismo histórico-dialético.
Efeitos do treinamento resistidos em mulheres com fibromialgia: Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Luigi Gabriel Brasil da , Silva Neto José Feitosa da Costa e , Chagas Josiane Marques das , Barros Marcos Vinicio Lopes , Oliveira Laire de Souza , Santos Francelly Carvalho dos , Teixeira Kaline Feitosa Alves
Published: July 2023

A fibromialgia (FM) e caracterizada como sendo uma doença reumatológica, grave debilitante, e os principais sintomas são dor musculoesquelética crônica e difusa, cansaço, fadiga, distúrbio do sono, é em alguns casos, rigidez articular. A fibromialgia é uma condição de dor crônica que afeta principalmente as mulheres. Objetivos: desta revisão é analisar estudos que examinaram o impacto do treinamento resistido na saúde de mulheres com fibromialgia.  Métodos: "Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa qualitativa da literatura, direcionada a partir da seguinte questão: “Treinamentos resistidos são eficazes no tratamento da fibromialgia?”. A busca de artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados: Lilacs, MEDLINE/ PubMed, nos meses de janeiro e fevereiro de 2023. Foram identificados 168 artigos. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 30 artigos que apresentaram relevância. Mas após a análise detalhada 9 artigos foram selecionados. Foi realizada a leitura e análise crítica de todos os artigos incluídos. Resultados: Em geral, os resultados destes estudos sugerem que o treinamento de resistência é uma estratégia viável e coerente para o tratamento eficaz da fibromialgia.
Influence of climate-mediated shifts in wetland vegetation on prey fish habitat use and schooling dynamics
Authors: Walker JE , Angelini C , Altieri AH , Martin CW , Osborne TZ
Published: July 2023

Intertidal wetlands provide vital habitat for numerous species by serving as a basal resource and refuge for shelter-seeking fauna. These environments are particularly important for transient nekton that trophically link marine and terrestrial food webs via migration into the intertidal during the flooding tide. Changes in coastal vegetation due to a warming climate, such as the replacement of temperate saltmarshes with tropical mangroves, may alter habitat use by transient species due to differences in food provisioning and the structural attributes of mangrove and saltmarsh vegetation. In northeast Florida (USA), Fundulus heteroclitus (mummichog) and F. majalis (striped killifish) are abundant, trophically important, transient fishes that may exhibit behavioral changes with coastal habitat shifts. We experimentally manipulated predator presence in a large-scale mesocosm containing an array of 4 habitats found at the mangrove-saltmarsh ecotone: marsh vegetation (smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora), 2 species of mangroves (red mangrove Rhizophora mangle and black mangrove Avicennia germinans), and sand, and measured prey fish habitat use and schooling dynamics. Mummichogs utilized black mangrove habitat to the same degree as cordgrass regardless of the presence of a predator, indicating that mummichogs perceive both habitats as providing equivalent protection. Killifish exhibited little affinity for any particular habitat and exhibited schooling behavior over seeking refugia for predator avoidance, suggesting that vegetation changes may have little effect on killifish behavior. Further research on how such patterns of habitat use combined with habitat-specific dietary constituents of fundulids will help to predict how saltmarsh loss at the ecotone will influence nutrient and energy flows in coastal food webs.
Reproductive potential of the blue crab spawning stock in Chesapeake Bay across eras and exploitation rates using nemertean worms as biomarkers
Authors: Schneider AK , Fabrizio MC , Lipcius RN
Published: July 2023

Assessments of reproductive potential and spawning history of marine and estuarine crabs are limited due to issues with determination of age and spawning history. The spawning stock of the blue crab Callinectes sapidus in Chesapeake Bay was heavily fished and declined in the 1990s. Management actions were implemented between 2001 and 2008 to reduce spawning stock exploitation and trigger recovery. Whether these actions impacted the demography of female spawners is unknown. We assessed demographics of overwintering mature female crabs in 1992-1996 and 2020-2022 by classifying them as first-year (imminent primiparous) or second-year (primiparous and multiparous) spawners based on presence of mature nemertean worms (Carcinonemertes carcinophila) in their gill chambers. We also investigated organismal and environmental predictors of second-year spawners. We provide the first annual estimates of the proportion of multi-year spawners at the population level. Management actions reduced exploitation rates by 41% after 2008, and the proportion of second-year spawners was greater than in the 1990s. Nonetheless, exploitation rate in a given year did not predict proportion of second-year spawners in the following year. Second-year spawners tended to be smaller females, or females with a high gonadosomatic index or longevity indicators (i.e. fouling by barnacles). High proportions of large, highly fecund, overwintering first-year spawners in the 2020s support the need for enhanced protection of females in spring to allow these females to spawn. Finally, nemertean worms are a useful, easily implemented tool to determine spawning history and age-specific reproductive potential of crabs that undergo a terminal molt prior to spawning.
Twenty-year changes in the composition of a mixed stock of foraging green turtles in the Yaeyama Islands of Japan
Authors: Hamabata T , Kawata M , Kondo S , Matsuo A , Suyama Y , Suzuki K , Kameda K
Published: July 2023

Recent studies have shown an increasing mean straight carapace length (SCL) of foraging green turtles Chelonia mydas around the Yaeyama Islands, Japan, compared to that of 20 yr ago. This trend is attributed to reduced juvenile mortality resulting from a decline in sea turtle fisheries. In this Yaeyama foraging aggregation, the proportions of turtles originating from different populations (genetic stocks) are known to vary according to size; for turtles originating from the Ryukyu Archipelago and Ogasawara (Japanese populations), the proportion in the 50-70 cm SCL size class is higher than that in the <50 cm SCL size class. Here, we compared the natal origin compositions of the Yaeyama foraging aggregation from 2 sampling periods (1997-1999 and 2016-2018) across 2 size categories (<55 and >55 cm SCL) and investigated the relationship between the size increase and changes in natal origins. The results showed that the proportion of the Japanese populations has recently increased compared to that 20 yr ago. The size distribution, based on the natal origin of each turtle in 2016-2018 estimated using single nucleotide polymorphisms, showed that the proportion of populations at latitudes lower than Japan with a ≥55 cm SCL decreased substantially, whereas the proportion of the Japanese populations remained stable between size categories. These results suggest a link between the size increase and the increase in Japanese turtles. This study also provides the detailed composition of the Yaeyama foraging aggregation, including the size distributions and sex ratios of contributing populations.
Antimicrobial Effects of Annona squamosa Leaf Extract on Staphylococcus aureus Growth: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Irawan Dwi Dianita , Rohmah Amrina Nur , Rahmawati Elia Ika , Primindari Risya Secha , Rahmawati Shinta Alifiana
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Mastitis is inflammation of the breast tissue due to infection with the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria causing local infections. It takes the natural ingredient Annona squamosal extract as an antimicrobial. Purpose: to determine the effectiveness of Annona squamosa leaf extract on the inhibition and killing power of Staphylococcus. Method: Experimental laboratory research with antibacterial activity test. Tube dilution method by incorporating bacteria and extracts with concentrations of 20%, 22.5%, 25%, 27.5%, 30%, and 32.5% and then measuring the MIC. The diffusion method is carried out by planting bacteria in a Nutrient Agar Plate and then giving the extract with 6 concentrations to calculate the MBC. Results: The results of the One-Way ANOVA test obtained a significance value of (p<0.001), indicating that changes in the concentration of Annona squamosa made a significant difference to Staphylococcus. The correlation test showed a significant p-value of (p<0.001), which means that there was a significant relationship between the administration of extract and the number of Staphylococcus. Conclusion: Annona squamosa leaf extract is able to significantly inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus bacteria and the higher the concentration of Annona squamosa leaf extract, the fewer the number of bacterial colonies that grow.
PENGARUH RASIO KEUANGAN DALAM MEMPREDIKSI KONDISI FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2017-2021
Authors: Romadhina Anggun Putri , Dewi Eka Kusuma
Published: July 2023

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of liquidity ratios, leverage, activity, profitability and sales stability on financial distress in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2017-2021 period. There were 50 companies that were indicated to be experiencing financial distress so that they were delisted from the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2017-2021, one of the reasons being that they had been declared bankrupt/bankrupt and the opportunity to live was disrupted. This is a threat that can be experienced by all companies regardless of the type or size of the company and can occur at any time. The population in this study are all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) which issued financial reports during 2017-2021. . The samples obtained based on the purposive sampling method amounted to 50 sample data of observational data. The data analysis technique in this study is multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that the liquidity ratio, leverage ratio, profitability and sales growth have a significant effect on financial distress. Meanwhile, the activity ratio has no significant effect on financial distress.
PENGARUH STRUKTUR MODAL, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN DAN KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Hamidah Lia , Ramdani Edon
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

                    This study aims to obtain empirical results on the influence of Capital Structure, Company Size and Investment Decisions on Company Value in Food and Beverage companies listed on the IDX in 2017-2021. The method of determining the sample in this study is purposive sampling. The type of research in this study was associative quantitative, obtained 11 companies that were used as research samples with observations for 5 (five) years, so that the total observations were 55 companies. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that the capital structure has no effect on firm value. Company Size has an effect on Firm Value. Investment Decision has no effect on Firm Value. Capital Structure, Company Size and Investment Decisions simultaneously affect Firm Value.

Keywords: Capital Structure, Company Size, Investment Decision and Firm Value.

 

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperolehn hasil empiris akan pengaruh Pengaruh Struktur Modal, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Keputusan Investasi Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan pada perusahaan Food and Beverage yang terdaftar di BEI pada tahun 2017-2021. Metode penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Purposive sampling. Jenis penelitian pada penelitian ini yaitu kuantitatif asosiatif, diperoleh 11 perusahaan yang dijadikan sampel penelitian dengan pengamatan selama 5 (lima) tahun, sehingga total observasi adalah sebanyak 55 perusahaan. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Struktur Modal tidak berpengaruh terhadap Nilai perusahaan. Ukuran Perusahaan berpengaruh terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Keputusan Investasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Struktur Modal, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Keputusan Investasi secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap Nilai Perusahaan.

Kata Kunci: Struktur Modal, Ukuran Perusahaan, Keputusan Investasi dan  Nilai Perusahaan.
Assessment of age-related change of the ocular support system
Authors: Makarem Ahmed , Abass Ahmed , Bao Fangjun , Elsheikh Ahmed
Published: July 2023

To estimate the material stiffness of the orbital soft tissue in human orbits using an inverse numerical analysis approach, which could be used in future studies to understand the behaviour under dynamic, non-contact tonometry or simulate various ophthalmological conditions. Clinical data were obtained for the left eye of 185 Chinese participants subjected to a complete ophthalmic examination, including tests by the Corvis ST and Pentacam. 185 numerical models of the eye globes were built with idealised geometry of the sclera while considering the corneal tomography measured by the Pentacam. The models were extended to include representations of the orbital soft tissue (OST), which were given idealised geometry. The movement of the whole eye in response to an air-puff directed at the central cornea was examined and used in an inverse analysis process to estimate the biomechanical stiffness parameters of the OST. The results indicated a weak correlation of Et with the progression of age, regardless of the stress at which Et was calculated. However, there was evidence of significant differences in Et between some of the age groups. There was statistical evidence of significant differences between Et in the age range 20< years < 43 relative to Et in OST with age ranges 43< years < 63 (p = 0.022) and 63< years < 91 (p = 0.011). In contrast, Et in OST with age ranges 43< years < 63 and 63< years < 91 were not significantly different (p = 0.863). The optimised mechanical properties of the OST were found to be almost four times stiffer than properties of fatty tissue of previous experimental work. This study consolidated previous findings of the role of extraocular muscles on the ocular suppor system. In addition, the rotation of the globe during corvis loading is suggested to be of posterior components of the globe and shall be further investigated.
The role of L1 translation form in L2 compound processing: the case of native Czech speakers processing German noun-noun compounds
Authors: Kříž Adam , Bordag Denisa
Published: July 2023

This study explores how Czech-German late bilinguals process German (L2) noun-noun compounds. Using a lexical decision task combined with translation constituent priming, we investigated two factors potentially influencing the L2 compound processing: (a) the compound translation corresponds to one derived noun (e.g., Abendstern—večernice, ‘evening star') or to an adjective + noun phrase (e.g., Weizenmehl—pšeničná mouka, ‘wheat flour'); and (b) the compound translation entails translations of compound constituents (L1 translation of Abendstern, večernice, includes only first constituent, i.e. modifier, Abend = večer, ‘evening'; L1 translation of Weizenmehl, pšeničná mouka, includes both constituents, Weizen = pšenice, ‘wheat', Mehl = mouka, ‘flour'). Two experiments were conducted; one focussing on head priming, the other on modifier priming. The results are in line with non-selective bilingual access and decomposition of L2 compounds. They reveal no influence of factor (a), while (b) affects processing.
Effects of synovial macrophages in osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhao Kun , Ruan Jiaqi , Nie Liuyan , Ye Xiangming , Li Juebao
Published: July 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease in mammals. However, its pathogenesis remains unclear. Studies indicate that OA is not only an aging process that but also an inflammation-related disease. Synovitis is closely related to the progression of OA, and synovial macrophages are crucial participants in synovitis. Instead of being a homogeneous population, macrophages are polarized into M1 or M2 subtypes in OA synovial tissues. Polarization is highly associated with OA severity. However, the M1/M2 ratio cannot be the only factor in OA prognosis because intermediate stages of macrophages also exist. To better understand the mechanism of this heterogeneous disease, OA subtypes of synovial macrophages classified by gene expression were examined. Synovial macrophages do not act alone; they interact with surrounding cells such as synovial fibroblasts, osteoclasts, chondrocytes, lymphocytes and even adipose cells through a paracrine approach to exacerbate OA. Treatments targeting synovial macrophages and their polarization are effective in relieving pain and protecting cartilage during OA development. In this review, we describe how synovial macrophages and their different polarization states influence the progression of OA. We summarize the current knowledge of the interactions between macrophages and other joint cells and examine the current research on new medications targeting synovial macrophages.
Stratification variability in the Yucatan Channel and its relationship with the Loop Current System
Authors: Higuera-Parra Susana , Moreles Efraín , Olvera-Prado Erick R. , Zavala-Hidalgo Jorge
Published: July 2023

The non-seasonal stratification variability in the upper 400 m of the Yucatan Channel (YC) and its relationship with the Loop Current System is studied based on the analysis of long-term timescales not yet resolved in observational studies. Daily outputs from a 22-year free-running simulation performed with the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model were used, and the variability modes of the squared buoyancy frequency were estimated using Empirical Orthogonal Functions. Intrinsic ocean dynamics is the primary determinant of the dominant spatial and temporal variability of hydrography and dynamics in the YC. The leading mode, described by a vertical dipole at the western YC section with timescales of 1.5-7.5 years, is mainly determined by the Yucatan Current (YCu) variability. There is a strong connection between YCu dynamics, the upper YC hydrography, the Loop Current (LC) intrusion into the Gulf of Mexico, the detachment of Loop Current Eddies (LCEs), and cyclonic anomalies surrounding the LC. Intense eastward displacements of the YCu are associated with intense stratification anomalies in the western YC, the presence of cyclonic anomalies surrounding the LC southwest margin, detachments of LCEs with larger-than-average diameter, and intense LC retreat; before these eddy detachments, the LC metric values are lower than their average ones. Atmospheric forcing induces more complexity in YC dynamics and the Loop Current System; it produces a significant high-frequency signal that modifies their low-frequency behavior. The relationships found in this work could contribute to a better understanding of the upwelling development on the eastern Yucatan shelf.
Sympathetic components in left and right human cervical vagus nerve: implications for vagus nerve stimulation
Authors: Ruigrok Tom J. H. , Mantel Sophia A. , Orlandini Lara , de Knegt Corné , Vincent Arnaud J. P. E. , Spoor Jochem K. H.
Published: July 2023

Cervical vagus nerve stimulation is in a great variety of clinical situations indicated as a form of treatment. It is textbook knowledge that at the cervical level the vagus nerve contains many different fiber classes. Yet, recently, several reports have shown that this nerve also may contain an additional class of potentially noradrenergic fibers, suggested to denote efferent sympathetic fibers. As such, the nature and presence of these fibers should be considered when choosing a stimulation protocol. We have studied human vagus material extracted from dissection room cadavers in order to further confirm the presence of this class of fibers, to study their origin and direction within the nerve and to determine their distribution and variability between subjects and pairs of left and right nerves of the same individual. Sections were studied with immunohistochemical techniques using antibodies against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH: presumed to indicate noradrenergic fibers), myelin basic protein and neurofilament. Our results show that at least part of the TH-positive fibers derive from the superior cervical ganglion or sympathetic trunk, do not follow a cranial but take a peripheral course through the nerve. The portion of TH-positive fibers is highly variable between individuals but also between the left and right pairs of the same individual. TH-positive fibers can distribute and wander throughout the fascicles but maintain a generally clustered appearance. The fraction of TH-positive fibers generally diminishes in the left cervical vagus nerve when moving in a caudal direction but remains more constant in the right nerve. These results may help to determine optimal stimulation parameters for cervical vagus stimulation in clinical settings.
Functional trajectories during innate spinal cord repair
Authors: Jensen Nicholas O. , Burris Brooke , Zhou Lili , Yamada Hunter , Reyes Catrina , Pincus Zachary , Mokalled Mayssa H.
Published: July 2023

Adult zebrafish are capable of anatomical and functional recovery following severe spinal cord injury. Axon growth, glial bridging and adult neurogenesis are hallmarks of cellular regeneration during spinal cord repair. However, the correlation between these cellular regenerative processes and functional recovery remains to be elucidated. Whereas the majority of established functional regeneration metrics measure swim capacity, we hypothesize that gait quality is more directly related to neurological health. Here, we performed a longitudinal swim tracking study for 60 individual zebrafish spanning 8 weeks of spinal cord regeneration. Multiple swim parameters as well as axonal and glial bridging were integrated. We established rostral compensation as a new gait quality metric that highly correlates with functional recovery. Tensor component analysis of longitudinal data supports a correspondence between functional recovery trajectories and neurological outcomes. Moreover, our studies predicted and validated that a subset of functional regeneration parameters measured 1 to 2 weeks post-injury is sufficient to predict the regenerative outcomes of individual animals at 8 weeks post-injury. Our findings established new functional regeneration parameters and generated a comprehensive correlative database between various functional and cellular regeneration outputs.
Eating habits and nutritional knowledge among amateur ultrarunners
Authors: Kosendiak Aureliusz , Król Magdalena , Ligocka Marta , Kepinska Marta
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Many studies concerning the diet of physically active people refer to individuals who run; however, the importance of nutrition in professional and amateur sports plays a different role. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional behavior and knowledge of amateur ultrarunners. This study involved a group of 308 respondents (89 women and 219 men) aged 18 -65. It investigated the influence of the level of knowledge about nutrition, gender, education, and smoking on dietary food habits and eating frequency.

Methods

The KomPAN questionnaire was used to determine the dietary habits, diet quality, lifestyle, and nutrition knowledge of ultramarathon runners. The nutrition knowledge influenced the eating habits and frequency of specific meals expressed as the Healthy Diet Index-10 (HDI-10) and Unhealthy Diet Index-14 (UDI-14).

Results

In women with sufficient knowledge about nutrition, lower HDI-10 scores were observed compared to those with a good level of knowledge, while men did not show a similar relationship. However, the effect of smoking on the frequency of food intake in men was noted. Interestingly, male smokers had a lower UDI-14 score than non-smokers. Depending on the level of knowledge, female and male ultrarunners more often or less frequently used selected food products. In turn, no effect of education on the frequency of consumption of specific foods was observed.

Discussion

Such different results are most likely caused by the specificity of the study group, which consisted of amateur runners. Additionally, the study looked at general eating habits, not those employed when preparing for marathons. In the future, more respondents should be surveyed, also taking into account nutrition during training.
Biomechanics of transverse axis of medial longitudinal arch of children's foot based on 3D scanning
Authors: Liu Qinglin , Zhao Chen , Yang Xiaoxuan , Tang Jing , Chen Jing , Tang Li , Wu Jun
Published: July 2023

Objective

To explore the application value of 3D scanning to obtain the parameters of transverse axis of medial longitudinal arch of foot in the biomechanical evaluation of transverse axis of medial longitudinal arch of foot in children.

Method

The feet of children with flat foot, normal foot and high arched foot were scanned with the Foot Secret 3D scanner in the sitting and standing positions. The scanning data were imported into CATIA v5 software for measurement, to obtain four parameters of transverse axis of medial longitudinal arch from transverse arch angle, external transverse arch angle, curvature and transverse arch cross-sectional area.

Result

There were statistically significant difference in transverse arch angle, external transverse arch angle and cross-sectional area between sitting and standing positions (p < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in transverse arch angle, external transverse arch angle, curvature and transverse arch cross-sectional area among children with flat foot, normal foot and high arch foot (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The four parameters of transverse arch angle, external transverse arch angle, maximum curvature and cross-sectional area obtained by three-dimensional scanning can detect the changes of transverse axis of children's foot arch in different body positions with different foot types, which can be effectively used for the biomechanical evaluation of transverse axis of children's foot arch.
Efficacy and safety analysis of midazolam combined with dezocine sedation and analgesia colonoscopy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective single-center open study
Authors: Chen Yongpeng , Lu Yi , Xiang Xueyuan , Fu Liping , Liu Yanan , Li Chujun , Sun Jiachen
Published: July 2023

Objective: Colonoscopy plays an important role in the diagnosis, prognosis prediction, assessment of disease activity and severity, and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-related complications. However, some patients refuse to undergo colonoscopy due to perceived pain and other discomfort, their diagnosis and treatment are affected. Therefore, we conducted a prospective study to explore the efficacy and safety of midazolam combined with dezocine for sedation in IBD patients undergoing colonoscopy.

Methods: 224 patients were divided into sedative-colonoscopy-group (SCG, n = 93), anesthesia-colonoscopy-group (ACG, n = 90) and ordinary-colonoscopy-group (OCG, n = 41). The vital signs (blood pressure, pulse, respiration and blood oxygen saturation), pain degree during colonoscopy, satisfaction and complication rates of the three groups were compared.

Results: Before colonoscopy, there was no significant difference among the vital signs of the three groups. The vital signs of the ACG were significantly lower than those of the SEG and the OCG (p < 0.05), and the difference was not significant between the SCG and OCG during colonoscopy. The colonoscopy pain score in the SCG was lower than that in the OCG (0.79 ± 1.09 vs. 2.98 ± 1.27, p < 0.001). The satisfaction score of the SCG (9.26 ± 1.16) was not significantly different from that of the ACG (9.42 ± 1.41) but was higher than that of the OCG (6.63 ± 1.13) (p < 0.001). The total complication rate of the ACG was 45.56% (41/90), which was significantly higher than that of the SCG [20.43% (19/93)] and the OCG [19.51% (8/41)]. Colon perforation, abnormal blood pressure fluctuation and hypoxemia were significantly more common in the ACG than in the SCG and the OCG (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the SCG and OCG.

Conclusion: Compared with ordinary-colonoscopy, colonoscopy performed under midazolam and dezocine sedation is more comfortable for patients, thereby increasing satisfaction and compliance. Colonoscopy that is performed under midazolam and dezocine is similar to colonoscopy that is anesthesia with propofol in terms of comfort, satisfaction and compliance and similar to ordinary-colonoscopy in terms of safety. Considering the shortage of anesthesiologists, the application of midazolam combined with dezocine for digestive endoscopy is worthy of clinical promotion.
Learning and assessment strategies to develop specific and transversal competencies for a humanized medical education
Authors: Tutor Antonio S. , Escudero Esther , Nogal Ávila María del , Aranda Juan Francisco , Torres Hortensia , Yague Josué G. , Borrego María José , Muñoz Úrsula , Sádaba María C. , Sánchez-Vera Isabel
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Medical education should promote the development of skills and abilities that can be applied to real-world work performance. The aim of this study is to evaluate technical and methodological knowledge, as well as physician-patient communication skills, as one of the most important transversal competencies that a good physician should acquire; all this in a reliable, accurate and objective way.

Methods: We present a rubric specifically designed and implemented for the evaluation of specific and transversal competencies in the physiology practical sessions, during the second year of the medical degree. The assessment consists in two evaluation tests: 1) a theoretical test that consists of multiple-choice questions. Students must demonstrate that they have acquired adequate theoretical knowledge (specific competency “to know”); 2) a practical test, in which students are evaluated by the rubric through the simulation of a medical consultation. Thus, demonstrating their ability to execute/apply what they have learned in class (specific competency “to know how to do”). They are also evaluated on the transversal competencies that we call “communication with the patient” (transversal competency “to know how to be there”) and “dealing with the patient” (transversal competency “to know how to be”).

Results: We evaluated whether there were differences in the grades obtained by students when the transversal competencies were not assessed (academic years 2017-2018 and 2018-2019; n = 289), and when the transversal competencies were assessed by applying the rubric in the academic years 2019-2020, 2021-2022, and 2022-2023 (n = 526). Furthermore, we present a student perception that supports the use of clinical simulation and our rubric as a good method within the competency learning process.

Discussion: The acquisition of these competencies, starting from the first courses of undergraduate education, helps to raise the students’ awareness in the development of a more humanized medicine, allowing a better response to the patients’ needs. Our rubric, which clearly indicate the performance criteria, have become an excellent method to carry out the assessment of competencies, both for students and teachers, since they allow to obtain clear evidence of the level of acquisition and application of knowledge.
Transient splenial lesion syndrome in bipolar-II disorder: a case report highlighting reversible brain changes during hypomanic episodes
Authors: Zhou Jingyuan , Cao Yuan , Deng Gaoju , Fang Jinbo , Qiu Changjian
Published: July 2023

Background

Reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) is a rare neurological condition characterized by temporary abnormalities in the splenium of the corpus callosum, which has been reported in mental disorders. Previous studies on bipolar disorder (BD) primarily focused on aspects such as brain structure and function, neurochemical changes, and genetics. However, there have been no studies reporting the occurrence of this syndrome during hypomanic episodes and its disappearance during the remission phase in bipolar disorder type 2 (BD-II).

Case presentation

We present a case report of a 30 years-old female patient with BD-II who exhibited symptoms of RESLES during a hypomanic episode. The patient, with a 12 years psychiatric history, has experienced recurrent depressive episodes initially, with the first hypomanic episode occurring 8 years ago. During this period, this patient made several visits to the outpatient clinic to have her medications adjusted due to repeated suicide attempts. This time, she was admitted to our hospital with a second hypomanic episode due to drug withdrawal during pregnancy. The RESLES was observed on her brain magnetic resonance image, and it was alleviated after treatment with lithium carbonate and quetiapine until achieving remission.

Conclusion

We present the first report of identifying RESLES in BD-II with hypomanic episodes, which subsequently disappears during the remission phase. Our case report highlights a potential association between BD and RESLES, emphasizing the need for future studies to explore the underlying mechanisms connecting these two conditions in greater depth.
The effect of internet use on depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older adults with functional disability: the mediating role of social isolation
Authors: Wu Man , Li Chaoyang , Zhao Xueyang , Hu Ting , Zeng Lijuan , Yu Yiqing , Yang Fen , Han Yangyang
Published: July 2023

Objective

The popularization of the internet provides the possibility to improve the depressive symptoms (DS) and social isolation of middle-aged and older adults with functional disability. There was a significant correlation between internet use and DS in middle-aged and older adults with functional disability, but the relationship between internet use, social isolation, and DS remains to be confirmed.

Methods

Data were obtained from 7,955 middle-aged and older adults aged 45 years and older from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the association between internet use and DS, and the Sobel test was used to explore mediating models.

Results

Results showed that internet use was negatively associated with DS among Chinese middle-aged and older adults. Among them, social needs (B = −0.770, p = 0.041), and information reception (B = −1.067, p = 0.007) were significantly related to DS in middle-aged and older adults. Only information reception (B = −3.161, p = 0.031) was significantly related to DS among middle-aged and older adults with functional disability. Social isolation partially mediated the association between internet use and DS in middle-aged and older adults without functional disability, whereas it was fully mediated in middle-aged and older adults with functional disability.

Conclusion

This study indicates that when formulating health policies to promote the mental health of Chinese middle-aged and older adults, the use of the internet should not be overlooked.
Written surgical informed consent elements in pediatric differences of sex development: pediatric urologist and endocrinologist perspectives
Authors: Lapham Zoe K. , Gardner Melissa , Sheinker Sydney , Suorsa-Johnson Kristina I. , Kogan Barry A. , Lee Peter A. , Sandberg David E.
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Elective aspects of surgical management of pediatric differences of sex development (DSD) are associated with controversy. We examined North American pediatric urologist and endocrinologist perspectives regarding recommended and existing informed consent elements for written consent documents prior to pediatric genital surgery.

Methods

Focus groups with pediatric urologist and endocrinologist members of the Societies for Pediatric Urology (SPU, n=8) or Pediatric Endocrine Society (PES, n=8) were held to identify elements of informed consent for DSD-related urogenital surgery. Elements were subsequently included in web-based surveys in 2003 and 2020 (SPU: n=121 and 143; PES: n=287 and 111, respectively). Participants rated their level of agreement with including each element in informed consent documents. In 2020, participants reported whether documents they use in clinical practice incorporate these elements.

Results

Focus groups identified four elements of informed consent: on-going debate over pediatric genital surgery; potential needs for multiple procedures; possible gender change and surgical reversal; and non-surgical alternatives. Across both years and both specialties, a majority (79% to 98%) endorsed the four elements, with significant between-group differences. Significantly more PES than SPU participants reported not knowing whether specific elements were included in current written informed consent; of those who knew, the majority (66% to 91%) reported inclusion.

Discussion

Specialists agree with including these four elements in written informed consent documents. Endocrinologists are not always familiar with the exact elements included. The degree to which non-surgeon members of the care team should be involved in the written informed consent process is an open question.
Prevalence and Patient-Level Correlates of Intentional Non-Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medication After Heart-Transplantation—Findings From the International BRIGHT Study
Authors: Marston Mark T. , Berben Lut , Dobbels Fabienne , Russell Cynthia L. , de Geest Sabina
Published: July 2023

After heart transplantation (HTx), non-adherence to immunosuppressants (IS) is associated with poor outcomes; however, intentional non-adherence (INA) is poorly understood regarding its international variability in prevalence, contributing factors and impact on outcomes. We investigated (1) the prevalence and international variability of INA, (2) patient-level correlates of INA, and (3) relation of INA with clinical outcomes. Secondary analysis of data from the BRIGHT study—an international multi-center, cross-sectional survey examining multi-level factors of adherence in 1,397 adult HTx recipients. INA during the implementation phase, i.e., drug holiday and dose alteration, was measured using the Basel Assessment of Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medications Scale© (BAASIS©). Descriptive and inferential analysis was performed with data retrieved through patient interview, patient self-report and in clinical records. INA prevalence was 3.3% (n = 46/1,397)—drug holidays: 1.7% (n = 24); dose alteration: 1.4% (n = 20); both: 0.1% (n = 2). University-level education (OR = 2.46, CI = 1.04–5.83), insurance not covering IS costs (OR = 2.21, CI = 1.01–4.87) and barriers (OR = 4.90, CI = 2.73–8.80) were significantly associated with INA; however, clinical outcomes were not. Compared to other single-center studies, this sample’s INA prevalence was low. More than accessibility or financial concerns, our analyses identified patient-level barriers as INA drivers. Addressing patients’ IS-related barriers, should decrease INA.
Experimental Validation and Calibration of the Galvin Model with Artificial Tight Sandstones with Controlled Fractures
Authors: Zhang Yuangui , Di Bangrang
Published: July 2023

The study of fractures in the subsurface is very important in unconventional reservoirs since they are the main conduits for hydrocarbon flow. For this reason, a variety of equivalent medium theories have been proposed for the estimation of fracture and fluid properties within reservoir rocks. Recently, the Galvin model has been put forward to model the frequency-dependent elastic moduli in fractured porous rocks and has been widely used to research seismic wave propagation in fractured rocks. We experimentally investigated the feasibility of applying the Galvin model in fractured tight stones. For this proposal, three artificial fractured tight sandstone samples with the same background porosity (11.7% ± 1.2%) but different fracture densities of 0.00, 0.0312, and 0.0624 were manufactured. The fracture thickness was 0.06 mm and the fracture diameter was 3 mm in all the fractured samples. Ultrasonic P- and S-wave velocities were measured at 0.5 MHz in a laboratory setting in dry and water-saturated conditions in directions at 0°, 45°, and 90° to the fracture normal. The results were compared with theoretical predictions of the Galvin model. The comparison showed that model predictions significantly underestimated P- and S- wave velocities as well as P-wave anisotropy in water-saturated conditions, but overestimated P-wave anisotropy in dry conditions. By analyzing the differences between the measured results and theoretical predictions, we modified the Galvin model by adding the squirt flow mechanism to it and used the Thomsen model to obtain the elastic moduli in high- and low-frequency limits. The modified model predictions showed good fits with the measured results. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to validate and calibrate the frequency-dependent equivalent medium theories in tight fractured rocks experimentally.
Geochemical and Microbiological Composition of Soils and Tailings Surrounding the Komsomolsk Tailings, Kemerovo Region, Russia
Authors: Abrosimova Natalya , Bortnikova Svetlana , Edelev Alexey , Chernukhin Valery , Reutsky Alexander , Abrosimov Nikolay , Gundyrev Ivan
Published: July 2023

Microorganisms have the potential to address environmental pollution, but the interaction mechanism between microorganisms and mine tailings is not well understood. This work was aimed at determining the bacterial isolates in soils and mine tailings and evaluating the distribution of metals, antimony (Sb), and arsenic (As) in the soils around the Komsomolsk tailings. Areas with high concentrations of As, Sb, cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) were found. Assessment based on the value of the contamination factor (CF) indicated large-scale As, Sb, Pb, Cd, iron (Fe), bismuth (Bi), and beryllium (Be) pollution, especially in soils sampled from the northeast direction of the mine tailings. Soils had a higher number of CFUs per g of dry weight than did the tailings, ranging from 84 × 106 to 3.1 × 109 and from 20 × 106 to 1.7 × 109, respectively. Arsenic exhibited a positive statistical correlation with the number of CFUs of Agrococcus and Staphylococcus. In addition, a positive correlation was found between the concentration of Co and the number of CFUs of Moraxella and Microbacterium. The Sb exhibited a positive correlation with Streptomyces. These results can be used to develop methods for waste reclamation, including the use of isolated bacterial strains for arsenic removal by precipitation.