bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conversational Implicatures of Short Story in the Newspaper
Authors: Harsa Wiwien Pratiwi
Published: November 2024

Humans communicate using language, a medium that facilitates understanding in conversations, allowing individuals to connect and share information. This form of communication has evolved over time as people have interacted and engaged with one another. Within conversations, individuals often convey their intended meaning through indirect communication, a phenomenon that is explored through the lens of pragmatic concepts. The research conducted employed descriptive qualitative methods to delve into this aspect. By utilizing Grice’s implicature theory (1975) and the cooperative principle as frameworks, the study focused on observing and analyzing the various types of conversational maxims and implicatures in a short story from The Jakarta Post newspaper. The findings of the study revealed that the maxim of relevance was the most prevalent, accounting for approximately 43% of the instances, followed by the maxim of quality at around 33%, the maxim of manner at 19%, and the maxim of quantity at 5%. Additionally, it was noted that particularized conversational implicatures constituted 57.5% of the total, while generalized implicatures made up the remaining 42.5%. This research serves as a valuable resource for scholars and researchers in the field of linguistics, particularly those interested in exploring Grice’s implicature theory and its application to conversational implicatures. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of language use and interpretation by shedding light on the nuances of communication within written discourse.
Enhancing Listening Skills of English Department Students in West Aceh through the ‘Cake’ Application
Authors: Juliana Rena
Published: November 2024

In an era where English proficiency has become a crucial skill for personal, academic, and professional success, the ‘Cake’ application offers a unique blend of language learning and gamification. This study aimed to investigate the application’s contribution to improvements in the listening skills of English department students of STAIN Teungku Dirundeng Meulaboh, West Aceh, Indonesia, and their perceptions and attitudes towards using the ‘Cake’ application for improving their listening skills. The research design employed was a survey involving 20 students enrolled in the Intermediate Listening Class and Advanced Listening Class. The data collection was done by using an online questionnaire. The results indicate that the ‘Cake’ application successfully enhanced the listening skills of a significant number of participants, with most of the respondents reporting positive outcomes and improvements in their comprehension of spoken English. Students also perceived the ‘Cake’ application achieved a massive uptake by its users. The site is user-friendly, and interactive and discusses issues about EFL learners. In addition, users could use various English accents and dialects while listening. In essence, many users affirmed that they experienced great benefits by using the ‘Cake’ app to enhance their listening capabilities. However, the finding also indicated that some students perceived the ‘Cake’ application as boring and needed innovation and improvement in existing learning methods to address potential boredom among learners.
Green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) potential to liver of hyperuricemia rats (Rattus norvegicus) fed with high purine diet
Authors: NUGRAHENI PUTRANTY WIDHA , MAHDI CHANIF , RAHMAWATI FITRIA , ANALITA RIZKI NUR
Published: November 2024

Uric acid is produced in tissues containing xanthine oxidases, like the small intestine and liver, as involved in the purine metabolism of adenine and guanine. High uric acid levels cause damage to cell membranes due to the lipid peroxidase chain reaction. Foods containing high purines will activate the xanthine oxidase (XOD), causing an increase in free radicals. Free radicals attack polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) by forming lipid peroxides. PUFA molecules contain multiple double bonds, which make them susceptible to oxidation by reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as free radicals. PUFA will be broken into simple compounds such as pentane, ethane, and aldehydes, leading to malondialdehyde (MDA) formation. High MDA levels illustrate the process of cell membrane oxidation leading to cell membrane damage. Hyperuricemia is often treated using synthetic drugs such as allopurinol; however, it can cause side effects. Some people will choose medicinal plants with minimal side effects. Green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) contains many polyphenol antioxidants, especially flavonoids, which also have a strong antioxidant effect by exerting multiple mechanisms such as inhibiting several enzymes, including antiphospholipid peroxidase, free radical scavengers, metal bonds, and xanthine oxidase (XOD). Statistical analysis results proved that green tea with a dose of 600 mg/kg BW could decrease the level of MDA in the liver by 84.87% (p 0.01) and reduce the activity of XOD by 35.36% (p 0.01). Taken together, green tea can improve liver histopathology.
Study of mathematical models of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications
Authors: MAGHFIRAH AFIATUN , GANI BASRI A. , RAMLI MARWAN , IKHWAN MUHAMMAD
Published: November 2024

The rapid increase in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) cases in Indonesia, driven by hereditary factors and unhealthy lifestyles, poses significant health challenges. This study develops a compartmental model to analyze the progression of type 2 DM and the onset of complications, classifying individuals into susceptible, patients without complications, patients with complications, and those disabled due to complications. The model examines the influence of two key factors on the recovery from complications: habitual factors, including medication adherence, physical activity, dietary habits, smoking history, and environmental factors, such as stress levels, environmental support, patient trust, and compliance. The results indicate that habitual factors have a more substantial impact on mitigating complications compared to environmental factors, suggesting that lifestyle interventions are crucial in improving patient outcomes. The model also shows that an increase in behavioral interactions leading to disease progression results in instability, emphasizing the need for early and consistent behavioral interventions. This research offers valuable insights for healthcare providers and policymakers. By identifying the most influential factors in managing complications, the model can guide the development of targeted interventions that prioritize habitual changes, such as medication adherence and physical activity. Public health strategies can be tailored to emphasize the importance of these habitual factors, potentially reducing the burden of type 2 DM complications. Overall, this study highlights the critical role of personalized, behavior-focused interventions in the management and prevention of complications in patients with type 2 DM, offering a practical framework for improving patient care.
Diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in Universitas Samudra, Langsa
Authors: SALWA ZAKIYAH HANIFAH , SARI HERLINA PUTRI ENDAH , PUTRI KARTIKA APRILIA
Published: November 2024

Butterflies are one of the animals that have an important role in human life which is currently recorded totaling around 19,022 species in the world and 1,900 species found in Indonesia. Research on butterflies in the campus area in Aceh has not been done too much, so there is a need for research on butterfly diversity in the campus area, especially in Langsa, Aceh. The purpose of this study was to record the species and to analyze ecological factor of butterflies at Universitas Samudra. Sampling was conducted for 5 times once a week from December 2023-January 2024 by purposive random sampling using sweeping techniques and exploring method in 5 observation locations. The results found 30 species from 5 families with a total of 413 individuals. The most common family is family Nymphalidae as many as 15 species (50%) and the most common species found was Appias olferna with a total of 56 individuals. The data found were analyzed for ecological assessment. The result showed the diversity index with H' value of 2.17-2.82 classified as a medium, an evenness index with E value of 0.87-0.94 classified as high, and a dominance index with D value of 0.07-0.19 classified as low.
Increasing the Wear Resistance of the Impellers of Electrical Centrifugal Submersible Pumps Through Repair
Authors: Aslanov Jamaladdin Nuraddin , Mehdizade Mehdi Vahid , Huseynli Zenfira Seydi , Hasanov Gahraman , Ibayeva Leyla Ramiz , Aghayeva Gulshad Mammadgasim
Published: November 2024

Objective: This research investigates the challenges of maintaining electrical submersible pumps (ESP) and develop effective repair techniques to enhance their reliability and efficiency.
 
Theoretical Framework: The research draws upon theories and models related to pump maintenance, materials science, and corrosion prevention.
 
Methodology: A case study approach was adopted, focusing on a Weir VTP submersible pump in continuous operation for 15 years. The pump's condition was assessed, and the root causes of erosion and corrosion were identified. Laser cladding with a TiC coating was applied to the damaged areas.
 
Results and Discussion: The results demonstrated a significant improvement in the pump's wear resistance and overall efficiency following the laser cladding treatment. The TiC coating effectively mitigated the effects of erosion and corrosion, extending the pump's lifespan and reducing maintenance costs.
 
Research Implications: The findings of this research contribute to the development of more effective maintenance strategies for submersible centrifugal pumps. The use of laser cladding with TiC coatings can be applied to other types of pumps and machinery operating in harsh environments. This research also highlights the importance of regular inspections and preventive maintenance.
 
Originality/Value: This study provides a practical solution to the problem of erosion and corrosion in submersible centrifugal pumps. The application of laser cladding with a TiC coating is a relatively novel approach, offering a more effective repair method compared to traditional techniques. The results can be applied to improve the reliability and efficiency of pumps in various industries.
Solidarity Economy as a Propositive Bias to Overcome Sexual Disparity in the Countryside: an Analysis Between Gender and Succession of Rural Property in Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Morais Eulita de Souza , Silva Neto Benedito Ferreira da , Siqueira Elisabete Stradiotto , Nobre Liana Holanda Nepomuceno , Siqueira Filho Valdemar , Nepomuceno Luciana Holanda , Bispo Danielle de Araújo , Silva Wellington Gaspar Ferreira da , Nobre Fábio Chaves
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to perform a Pearson correlation analysis between the variables “gender” and “succession”, and the non-parametric Kruscal-Wallis test, to answer which gender predominates in the succession process in family farming families in Rio Grande do Norte.
 
Theoretical Framework: Solidarity economy is an international phenomenon with strong potential for change in population contexts, for the reinsertion and participation of workers in the means of production, bringing, in addition to the rational aspect of the economy, crucial issues to be debated in the status quo, such as fairer income distribution and the reduction of social and gender asymmetries.
 
Method: The study included 137 family farmers from the state of Rio Grande do Norte, with more than 2 years of work experience, who answered the questionnaire with assertions organized on a Likert scale. Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson’s correlation test and the Kruskal-Wallis test.
 
Results and Discussion: Data indicate that the male gender is predominant in the succession process in family farming in Rio Grande do Norte, with men as the main representatives in the relationship between land ownership and gender.
 
Research Implications: This study contributes to the discussion on the importance of solidarity-based self-management models in the historical reparation of gender inequality in the world of work.
 
Originality/Value: The research elucidates answers about the succession process in family farming from a gender perspective, helping to resolve the questions that this topic has raised.
Paleontological studies of the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary beds of Berchogur (Western Kazakhstan): possibilities of global correlation
Authors: Kulagina E. I. , Nikolaeva S. V. , Mustapayeva S. N. , Gatovsky Yu. A.
Published: November 2024

Research subject. Devonian-Carboniferous boundary beds in the Berchogur Depression (Western Kazakhstan). New data on the fauna of ammonoids, conodonts, and foraminifers from the Berchogur sections were obtained during fieldwork studies in 2018–2019. Aim. Identification of episodes of the Global Hangenberg event (crisis) in the Berchogur section and correlation of the potential markers of the base of the Carboniferous in this section. Materials and Methods. The research was conducted using paleontological and lithological methods. Results. The study of fossil assemblages and rock lithology exposed by new excavations suggests that the markers of the Hangenberg event are present in the section; moreover, they can be correlated with the phases of this event in the sections of Western Europe. A correlation of ammonoid, conodont, and foraminiferal zones is proposed. It is shown that the conodont S. (Eo.) praesulcata in the Berchogur section first appears in Member 2b, and the first appearance of S. (Eo.) sulcata is recorded in Member 3b. Based on the findings of ammonoids of the genus Acutimitoceras, Members 3b and 3c can be correlated with the upper part of the prorsum ammonoid Zone, which corresponds to the level of appearance of S. (Eo.) sulcata. The intervals corresponding to episodes of the global Hangenberg event (pre-crisis, crisis, and partly post-crisis) are provisionally identified in the section. Conclusions. The pre-crisis interval corresponds to the abundance of foraminifers in the Q. kobeitusana substricta Zone and the Upper expansa and lower part of the Lower praesulcata conodont zones. The so-called crisis prelude corresponds to the extinction of the quasiendothyrid foraminiferal community and the upper part of the Lower praesulcata Zone (Member 2a2). The Hangenberg Extinction, or the lower crisis interval, corresponds to the clays of Member 2b in, and to the interval of most of the Middle praesulcata Zone – the lower part of the Upper praesulcata Zone, and to the Hangenberg black shales in Europe. The subsequent regressive episode (Member 3a) corresponds to the upper part of the Upper praesulcata Zone. The members with ammonoids (3c) and conodonts of the sulcata Zone (3b and 3c) and Member 4 correspond to the transgressive phase and are considered equivalent to the Stoсkum Limestone of the Rhenish Massif.
Gabbro of the mantle part of the ophiolite section in the Alapaevsky dunite-harzburgite-gabbro massif (Eastern zone of the Middle Urals)
Authors: Smirnov V. N. , Erokhin Yu. V. , Ronkin Yu. L. , Kazakov I. I. , Korovko A. V. , Korovin D. D.
Published: November 2024

Research subject. An intrusive body of gabbroids breaking through mantle peridotites (dunites and harzburgites) of the Alapaevsky ophiolite massif (Eastern zone of the Middle Urals). Methods. The contents of petrogenic elements were determined by the X-ray fluorescence method; the contents of rare and scattered elements were studied by the ICP-MS method. The age of gabbroids was determined by 147Sm-143Nd ID-TIMS by isotope dating. Results. The gabbro and their containing ultramafic rocks were established to be of almost the same age of about 580 Ма, which indicates their belonging to a single ophiolite association of the Vendian age. At the same time, the gabbroids of the Alapaevsky massif differ sharply from both isotropic and stratified gabbro of the crustal part of the ophiolite section, fragments of which are observed within the Eastern zone of the Middle Urals, in terms of a significantly reduced content of light REE, rare alkalis, barium, uranium and thorium, as well as the absence of Pb maxima on spider diagrams. Conclusions. The established features in the composition and intrusive occurrence of the gabbro of the Alapaevsky massif among mantle ultramafic rocks indicate that the studied rocks cannot be identified with gabbroids of the crustal part of the ophiolite association. This suggests that this rather large intrusion of gabbro may be analogous to small veins and dikes of gabbroids observed among mantle peridotites in a number of ophiolite massifs, such as Voikar-Synyinsky massif in the Polar Urals and the Samail ophiolite in Oman. The distribution specifics of rare elements on the spider diagrams of the gabbroids of the Alapaevsky massif, i.e., the presence of Sr and Ba maxima and Nd and Th minima, as well as the Harzburgite composition of the mantle restite containing the gabbro body under consideration, indicate that the Vendian ophiolite association of the Eastern zone of the Middle Urals formed in a suprasubduction (pre-arc) environment. A model for the formation of large masses of gabbro in the mantle part of the ophiolite section is proposed.
Mineral composition of xenoliths of transformed tholeiitic basalts in ore-hosting rocks of the Rudnogorskoe iron ore deposit, Eastern Siberia
Authors: Shepel E. V. , Ayupova N. R. , Tselyuko A. S.
Published: November 2024

Research subject. Variously-altered tholeiitic basalt xenoliths in ore-hosting rocks from the Rudnogorskoe iron ore deposit, the Angaro-Ilim region of Eastern Siberia. Aim. To identify the sequence of mineral transformations during the formation of magnetite ores. Materials and methods. The mineral composition of weakly-altered and hematitized xenoliths of tholeiitic basalts in skarned rocks and relics of basaltic hyaloand lithoclasts in varying degrees magnetitized volcaniclastites were studied. Minerals were identified using a powder X-ray diffractometer with the determination of the quantitative ratios of mineral phases by SHIMADZU XRD-6000 and DRON-2.0 diffractometers and using the microscopic (Olympus BX51) and electron microscopic (Tescan Vega 3 sbu with an Oxford Instruments Xact energy-dispersive analyzer) and IR spectroscopic (Spectrum One IR Fourier-spectrometer and a Multiscope microscope, PerkinElmer) research methods. Results. In xenoliths of weakly-altered tholeiitic basalts, volcanic glass is smectitized and partially replaced by secondary aggregates of chlorite and carbonate. In hematitized xenoliths, the smectite-hematite mineral association contains skarn epidote and garnet. Smectite aggregates, partially transformed into magnetite mass, are present in the magnetitized volcaniclastites. The studied smectites are classified as saponite according to the obtained values of basal reflections d001 in the range of 14.76–15.23 Å and calculated crystal chemical formulas. The differences in the morphology, chemical composition, and IR spectrometric characteristics of smectites reflect the varying degrees of transformation of the tholeiitic basalts in multi-stage ore-forming processes.
Ring Expansion Reactions via C-N Bond Cleavage in the Synthesis of Medium-sized Cycles and Macrocycles
Authors: Lysenko Viacheslav , Nazarenko Kostiantyn , Kostyuk Oleksandr
Published: November 2024

The literature review discusses and systematizes synthetic approaches to medium-sized cycles and macrocycles based on ring expansion reactions of bi- or polycyclic systems via C-N bond cleavage. Ring expansion reactions of bicyclic ammonium salts proceed via thermal decomposition or the action of strong bases. Bi- or polycyclic systems containing a common amine group can be reduced with strong reducing reagents, e.g. lithium aluminum hydride. Ammonium derivatives are much more prone to nucleophilic attack and quite often are used as starting materials for the synthesis of medium-sized cycles. Bicyclic systems containing a common aminal or amidine group are used for the synthesis of medium-sized rings and macrocycles via cleavage of the endocyclic C-N bond. Various methods of their activation and reduction are discussed in the review.
PENGEMBANGAN DAYA TARIK WISATA LEMBU PUTIH DALAM MENINGKATKAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DI DESA WISATA TARO, TEGALLALANG, GIANYAR
Authors: Ni Komang Sixma Dewi  , Wirawan Putu Eka , Nyoman Agus Trimandala
Published: November 2024

Pengembangan daya tarik wisata erat kaitannya dengan partisipasi masyarakat. Masyarakat lokal sebagai pelaku wisata dan juga pemilik sumber daya, sudah semestinya untuk dilibatkan dalam pengembangan daya tarik wisata karena dengan partisipasi masyarakat dapat membantu membangun berbagai fasilitas-fasilitas yang dibutuhkan dalam daya tarik wisata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran masyarakat dalam pengembangan DTW Lembu Putih. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Dalam penelitian ini melibatkan enam narasumber, dan teknik analisis data mencakup reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan mengenai potensi DTW Lembu Putih dan partisipasi masyarakat lokal dalam pengembangan wisata dimulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, hingga evaluasi dan pengambilan manfaat dari daya tarik wisata tersebut. Dalam pengembangan DTW Lembu Putih ada beberapa faktor penghamabat yang dihadapi pengelola, namun dibalik hambatan tersebut pengelola memiliki program kedepan untuk mengembangkan DTW Lembu Putih, seperti menata kawasan wisata, menambah fasilitas pendukung pariwisata.
POLÍTICAS AFIRMATIVAS DE INCLUSÃO NO ACESSO AO ENSINO SUPERIOR PÚBLICO BRASILEIRO NO CURSO DE MEDICINA
Authors: Gonçalves Maria Carolina de Araújo , Magnago Clarissa Faverzani , Pavão Silvia Maria de Oliveira
Published: November 2024

Esta revisão bibliográfica e documental visa analisar as políticas afirmativas de inclusão no acesso ao ensino superior, destacando o ingresso no curso de Medicina. Foram selecionados 21 artigos em bibliotecas digitais e em portais de Universidades Públicas que aderiram às ações afirmativas antes da implementação em formato de Lei; e descritos os efeitos dos métodos de inclusão: reserva de vagas, bonificação regional e isenção da taxa de inscrição nos vestibulares. Constatou-se que, embora o perfil predominante do acadêmico desta área ainda seja o do branco, com alto poder aquisitivo e oriundo da rede privada de ensino, tais métodos são de extrema importância à medida que promovem a inclusão de grupos que pouco ocupavam as vagas nos cursos de Medicina de Universidades Públicas.
Analisis Nilai-Nilai Karakter pada Buku Tematik Kelas 2 Tema 2 Bermain Di Lingkunganku
Authors: Dina Aldina  , Myrna Apriany Lestari
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi karena sudah banyak buku yang digunakan selama proses pembelajaran oleh guru ataupun siswa sebagai salah satu sumber belajar. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai karakter yang terdapat pada buku tematik kelas 2 tema 2 bermain di lingkunganku. Metode yang digunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian analisis deskriptif. Hasil analisis pada buku tematik kelas 2 tema 2 bermain di lingkunganku yaitu terdapat delapan nilai-nilai karakter yang ditemukan pada buku tersebut. Nilai karakter yang ditemukan diantaranya nilai karakter bersahabat/komunikatif, rasa ingin tahu, disiplin, kreatif, cinta Tanah Air, peduli lingkungan, kerja keras dan cinta damai. Nilai karakter yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu nilai karakter bersahabat/komunikatif.
Visualisasi Beauty Fantasy Tematik Melalui Strobist Lighting Fotografi
Authors: Febriyanti Musfiroh Tarsidin  , Rika Nugraha  , Sigit Setya Kusuma
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji ekspresi seni fotografi dalam konteks beauty fantasy dengan penerapan teknik strobist dan tema mix flora dan floral pada model perempuan. Fotografi dianggap sebagai medium utama untuk menggambarkan keindahan dan imajinasi, di mana penulis menekankan penggunaan make-up dan property sebagai elemen kunci dalam menciptakan karya fotografi. Proses kreatifitas melibatkan observasi dalam menentukan konsep beauty fantasy yang kreatif, kemudian divisualisasikan dalam bentuk karya foto. Teknik pencahayaan strobist menjadi fokus utama dalam menciptakan visualisasi beauty fantasy, dengan flash external di luar hotshoe kamera. Fleksibilitas tinggi dari teknik strobist memainkan peran krusial dalam mendukung pemvisualan tema mix flora dan floral. Meskipun pengakuan adanya kekurangan dalam pelaksanaan tugas akhir ini, baik dalam aspek penulisan laporan maupun pembuatan karya, penulis berharap bahwa hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan kontribusi positif dan menjadi acuan berharga untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam seni fotografi beauty fantasy.
Multirobot Assembly Sequence Planning of a Large Space Telescope
Authors: Huang Zhen , Shi Lingling , Fan Lijia , Yang Yan , Shan Minghe
Published: November 2024

As space structures trend toward larger scales and modularization, their on-orbit assembly presents a significant challenge. Assembly sequence planning is crucial in minimizing vibration and enhancing the efficiency of on-orbit construction. This paper explores the multirobot assembly sequence planning algorithm for a large space telescope. A dynamic model is firstly developed to analyze the vibration of segmented mirror pieces and the main satellite during assembly, taking into account the flexibility of connections at interfaces. The dynamic model is able to provide criteria for time efficiency and satellite attitude disturbances. Considering constraints during the assembly process, a modified multiobjective ant colony optimization algorithm capable of planning multirobot assembly sequences is implemented. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method not only facilitates parallel planning of multirobot assembly sequences but also leads to a reduction in assembly time and attitude disturbances of the main satellite. The results of assembly sequence planning provide dependable guidance for the subsequent planning levels, such as task planning and trajectory planning, of the on-orbit assembly task for large space telescopes.
Tropes Have Fangs: Elsa Dutton, 1883, “Going Native”, Adaptive Whiteness and Trope Resilience
Authors: Garman Anthea
Published: November 2024

In Taylor Sheridan’s television miniseries 1883, the origin story of his American neo-Western series Yellowstone, the voice-over narration is given by the central character, 18-year-old Elsa Dutton. Elsa is travelling with her family from Texas to Oregon on the wagon trail to the West along with migrants from Eastern Europe who have little idea of the country they have arrived in. Despite her death at the end of the series, the voice-over in the next edition of the Dutton family saga, 1923, is also given by Elsa. Her role and her ongoing spectral presence are the mythical centre of these stories and of the Yellowstone series. In 1883, she plays the daughter who takes advantage of the freedoms of the trail to get out from under her mother, Margaret Dutton’s, control to join the men herding the cattle, and to have two sexual liaisons, including one with a Native American, Sam. In 1923, as a voice-over only, she plays the role of the ancestor whose grave marks the place in Montana where the Dutton family are fighting for their possession of the land. Interesting directorial and narratival questions arise in relation to the role and voice of Elsa when stories are told of a past in which dispossession from land was being carried out ruthlessly and systematically. While her character exercises enviable freedom for a woman of her time, by contrast her voice-over carries warnings of danger, destruction, hell and disaster for both series, captured in the words, “freedom has fangs”. This gaining of freedom for the settlers and great loss of freedom and autonomy for the Indigenous peoples is a complicated story for the director to manage. This article looks at the storytelling tropes activated in 1883 and shows how they work against intentions to tell an old story differently.
Displacement in When Rain Clouds Gather
Authors: Meintjies Frank
Published: November 2024

In this article, I examine the representation of displacement in Bessie Head’s When Rain Clouds Gather (1969). Head not only features displaced characters but also depicts, through her protagonists, the struggles that arise from displacement. I draw on the work of prominent scholars to explore and apply concepts such as “home” and belonging, which are central to any discussion of displacement, as well as to explore the integration challenges faced by, for example, a displaced person vis-á-vis a settled community. Through a close reading of the text, I demonstrate how Head uses this work to generate important insights into displacement.
Motherhood and Memory in Najwa Bin Shatwan’s The Slave Yards
Authors: Almaeen Mona
Published: November 2024

This study argues that female slaves’ experiences of motherhood are negatively impacted by the control exerted by social and discursive patriarchy. Focusing on the mother‒daughter relationship as a vessel of memory transmission, this paper addresses how this control complicates maternal memory narration. Utilizing a contextual approach, this study investigates the influence of patriarchal social and discursive manipulation on the system of umm al-walad or the ‘mother of the children’ in Najwa Bin Shatwan’s novel The Slave Yards (2020). Bin Shatwan’s portrayal of the deficiency of the system of umm al-walad in potentially safeguarding a mothering space for the female slaves showcases the manner in which the mother‒daughter dyad bears the brunt of both the slave owners’ and legal figures’ control. This investigation reveals that this deficiency results in complicating maternal memory narration. Owing to the fact that the author is a historian who has lamented the historical marginalization of the slave community in nineteenth-century Libya, the mother’s story is tackled in this paper as emblematic of a whole community. In short, the loss of the history of the enslaved community is deeply related to complications of the maternal transmission of memories.
Mathematical description of the processes in the pumping system for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber of a liquid rocket engine
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Yakovlev A. B.
Published: November 2024

The article considers a mathematical model of a pumping system for supplying fuel to a liquid rocket engine chamber consisting of active and passive parts of a hydraulic system. A differential equation describing the processes occurring in the fuel supply system is obtained. The mathematical model makes it possible to analyze and identify the main patterns of influence of the control and disturbing quantities on the controlled quantity, as well as to obtain transients.
The assessment of applicability of single-stage piston long-stroke low-speed compressors in low-temperature refrigeration machines
Authors:   OJSC «Sibneftetransproekt», Yusha V. L. , Busarov S. S. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Nedovenchany A. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University
Published: November 2024

The work processes and integral characteristics of low-temperature ammonia single-stage piston longstroke low-speed compressors are considered. A method for calculating the actual working process of a stage of such a compressor is presented, taking into account such basic factors as the processes of non-stationary heat transfer between the working fluid in the cylinder and the external cooling medium; processes of flow of the working fluid through leaks in valves and in seals of the cylinder-piston group; dynamics of motion of the shut-off valve body, etc. The flow coefficient, cooling coefficient, and discharge temperature are considered as integral indicators. The following independent parameters are considered: condensation and boiling temperatures, the main dimensions and parameters of the stage, the temperature of the cooling medium and the heat transfer coefficient on the outer surface of the cylinder, as well as the diameters of the suction and discharge valve seats. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of the working process of the considered stage is performed at a condensation temperature of 303 K and boiling temperatures in the range from 243 K to 173 K. The relationship between the main dimensions and parameters of the stage, as well as the boiling point of ammonia with the integral characteristics of the compressor under consideration, has been studied. The obtained results of the theoretical analysis make it possible to evaluate the possibility of replacing multi-stage and cascade low-temperature refrigeration compressors with alternative single-stage ones based on a low-speed, long-stroke stage as promising.
Evaluation of the prospects for the use of single-stage centrifugal compressors based on high-pressure stages with an inlet guide device at linear gas compressor stations
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Vanyashov A. D. , Karabanova V. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Nefedov A. A. ,   JSC «Gazpromneft-ONPZ»
Published: November 2024

The issues of evaluating the technical and economic prospects for the use of gas pumping units with single-stage centrifugal compressors with an axial suction nozzle, created on the basis of high-pressure stages with axial impellers and an adjustable inlet guide device, at linear gas compressor stations are considered. A brief description of the methodology for recalculating tests of a small compressor stage performed in air for working conditions as part of a gas compressor station is given. A comparative assessment of the competitiveness of the proposed compressor type with existing types of compressors in two-stage design has been performed.
The influence of reality gas calculation methods on the gasdynamic characteristics of a gas pumping unit centrifugal compressor
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Solovyeva O. A. , Sharikov I. S. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Sadovsky N. I. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: November 2024

When designing compressors, it is necessary to take into account the reality of the working fluid, since when calculating the compressor using ideal gas models, strong deviations of the operating parameters from the calculated ones occur, which can lead to non-fulfillment of the technical specifications, as well as to the formation of non-stationary processes. The correct choice of the gas reality accounting methodology allows us to bring the calculated data as close as possible to the experimental ones. Thus, the choice of the most accurate method of accounting for the reality of gas makes it possible to predict the experimental characteristics of the designed compressor even before conducting physical tests. There are many methods that allow us to take into account the reality of gas, namely, to calculate the compressibility factor using empirical formulas. In this paper, a comparison of four methods is presented, and the calculation of a centrifugal compressor is performed taking into account the values of the compressibility factor obtained according to these methods. The calculated gas dynamic characteristics are compared with experimental data and discrepancies are revealed at different rotor speeds.
Experimental investigations of opening leaks in a welded seam of a closed container under thermal and acoustic influences
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Lesnyak I. Yu.
Published: November 2024

To conduct experimental investigations of the drying process of a closed container, taking into account the opening of a leak channel in a weld, an experimental research stand, an experimental container and experimental samples with model leaks of different sizes are designed and manufactured. The scientific problem of experimental research has been formulated, a program and methods for conducting experiments have been developed. Requirements for metrological equipment have been formed and the measurement error of temperature, humidity and pressure has been determined. Preliminary experiments are carried out on wetting the experimental container and experimental samples with a model liquid and clogging the leak channels, as well as on drying the inner surface of the experimental container wall with a convective gas flow and conductive heating of the wall until the leak channels clogged with liquid are opened. The dependences of the change in temperature of the liquid, air, wall of the experimental container, experimental samples and pressure in the experimental container are obtained over the time of the experiment during wetting and drying of the experimental container and experimental samples. The parameters of thermal exposure at which the leak channels is opened within a specified time are determined.
The analysis of the influence of the turbulence model selection on the parameters of interaction of a supersonic jet with an obstacle
Authors:   South Ural State University (National Research University), Peshkov R. A. , Shmetkova A. S. ,   South Ural State University (National Research University), Ispravnikova O. V. ,   South Ural State University (National Research University), Suskina Ju. L. ,   South Ural State University (National Research University)
Published: November 2024

Due to the intense loading of the elements of launch structures when exposed to rocket engine jets, it is obvious that it is necessary to determine the gas-dynamic, thermal and other loads that occur during the launch of the launch vehicle. Numerical modeling using application programs is one of the widely used methods of their calculation, since physical modeling requires significant resources. The study analyzes the case of interaction of a single supersonic gas jet with a flat barrier oriented perpendicular to the direction of the jet. Differential equations describing the motion of a compressible viscous heatconducting gas (Navier-Stokes equations) are presented, and a method for averaging them by Reynolds is described. Some one- and two-parameter turbulence models based on Reynolds equations are considered. A numerical simulation of the flow of a supersonic jet of air from a Laval nozzle onto a flat aluminum barrier located perpendicular to the axis of the jet is carried out. The ANSYS Fluent software package is used to analyze the effect of choosing a turbulence model on the distribution of the Mach number and pressure on the barrier. A comparison of the results of the study with experimental data showed that the most accurate results are obtained using the k-ω SST turbulence model.
Theoretical and experimental studies of the influence of gas flow parameters on the entrainment of liquid droplets from an experimental vessel
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Urbansky V. A. , Petruk A. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University
Published: November 2024

On the basis of mathematical modeling, the values of velocities above the liquid surface in the experimental vessel are obtained to ensure the condition of droplet detachment and entrainment. The program of physical experiments on the entrainment of liquid droplets from experimental vessel is developed. Physical modeling of liquid droplets entrainment from experimental vessel is carried out, which showed that the separated mass of liquid significantly depends on the parameters of the gas flow at the inlet to experimental vessel (temperature, flow velocity). At the temperature of the inlet gas flow equal to 20 °C the percentage of separation ts 62 %, at 30 ºC — 69 %, at 35 ºC — 70 %, at 40 ºC — 78 %.
Enucleação de cisto radicular periapical associado à cirurgia de apicectomia
Authors: Rocha Geisy Alve , Tenório Maria Leticia Teixeira , Santos Edilaine Soares dos , Macêdo Lucas Fortes Cavalcanti de
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Descrever a técnica de tratamento conservador em dentes com lesões periapicais de grande extensão, cuja conduta foi a realização do retratamento endodôntico, associado à cirurgia de apicectomia. Detalhamento de caso: Paciente do sexo feminino com 31 anos de idade, feoderma, apresentando lesão periapical com aproximadamente 15mm associado ao incisivo central superior direito. O tratamento do caso foi realizado em duas etapas: a primeira destinada ao alívio da dor da paciente (descompressão da lesão), seguido de remoção do material obturador e reinstrumentação cirúrgica, via canal e a segunda, composta pela cirurgia de apicectomia seguida de tampão com MTA. Considerações finais: Foi possível constatar que a cirurgia paraendodôntica é uma ótima aliada como tratamento conservador em situações onde outras opções já foram esgotadas e que a interação de vários fatores, como diagnóstico, técnica cirúrgica, e retratamento endodôntico contribuem para o sucesso do caso.
Postoperative left-sided chylothorax following posterior approach in late-onset idiopathic scoliosis surgery
Authors: Van-Loo Jack , Adsul Nitin , Loughenbury Peter , Gummerson Nigel William
Published: November 2024

Background:

Chylothorax is an extremely rare complication of spinal surgery. We were only able to identify 15 previous cases overall, with only 5 involving a posterior approach.

Case Description:

A 16-year-old female presented with a chylothorax following a T4–L4 posterior spinal fusion for scoliosis. Postoperatively, the patient developed respiratory distress due to a left-sided pleural effusion. Laboratory tests (i.e., both gross and laboratory analysis) documented the fluid to be chyle. The patient required the placement of a chest drain and a low triglyceride diet to manage and resolve the chylothorax successfully.

Conclusion:

Chylothorax is a rare complication of spinal surgery and should be considered among the differential diagnoses involving postoperative respiratory compromise attributed to pleural effusions.
A study on the effect of the physical environment of restaurant kitchen on the job satisfaction and work engagement of kitchen staff
Authors:   The Table and Food Coordinate Society of Korea, Ma Sook-Hee , Go Mi-Ae
Published: November 2024

This study aims to investigate how the physical environment of restaurant kitchens affects job satisfaction and work engagement among kitchen staff, and to examine the relationship between job satisfaction and work engagement. The results of hypothesis testing revealed the following: First, safety, comfort, and spatial factors all had a significant impact on job satisfaction. Thus,, it was confirmed that job satisfaction among kitchen staff increased when the kitchen environment was safe, comfortable, and convenient. Second, only safety and spatial factors had a positive effect on work engagement in relationship between the physical environment of kitchens and work engagement. Therefore, securing safety and adequate space during cooking tasks can enhance work engagement, while comfort did not have a significant effect on work engagement. Third, it was found that job satisfaction positively influenced work engagement among kitchen staff. In other words, a positive perception of the kitchen environment enhances job satisfaction and serves as an antecedent variable that positively affects work engagement. This study suggests that continuous attention to and management of the physical environment in restaurant kitchens are necessary to improve job satisfaction and work engagement among kitchen staff.
Role of Cavity Strong Coupling on Single Electron Transfer Reaction at Electrode-Electrolyte Interface
Authors: Hayashi Takahiro , Fukushima Tomohiro , Murakoshi Kei
Published: November 2024

Physicochemical properties of molecules can be modulated through the polariton formation under strong electromagnetic confinement. Here, we discuss the possibility of exploiting this phenomenon to increase the electron transfer rate at an electrode–electrolyte interface. Electron transfer theory under strong electromagnetic confinement can be extended to the electrode–electrolyte interface, and single–electron transfer reaction can be simulated using Gerischer’s theory. Although single electron transfer in free space is well described using Marcus theory, the vacuum electric field can facilitate an additional electron transfer pathway via virtual photon excitation under cavity strong coupling conditions. Therefore, this binary reaction pathway for single electron transfer can yield a quasi-two-particle electron transfer process. This quantum behavior can dominate when the mode volume is small and there is a large number of molecules in the vacuum electric field. Exploitation of polaritons in single electron transfer reactions can lead to enhanced electrochemical energy conversion systems.
Leveraging Tree-Transformer VAE with fragment tokenization for high-performance large chemical generative model
Authors: Inukai Tensei , Yamato Aoi , Akiyama Manato , Sakakibara Yasubumi
Published: November 2024

Molecular generation models, especially chemical language model (CLM) utilizing SMILES, a string representation of compounds, face limitations in handling large and complex compounds while maintaining structural accuracy. To address these challenges, we propose FRATTVAE, a Transformer-based variational autoencoder that treats molecules as tree structures with fragments as nodes. FRATTVAE employs several innovative deep learning techniques, including ECFP (Extended Connectivity Fingerprints) based token embeddings and the Transformer’s self-attention mechanism, FRATTVAE efficiently handles large-scale compounds, improving both computational speed and generation accuracy. Evaluations across benchmark datasets, ranging from small molecules to natural compounds, demonstrate that FRATTVAE consistently outperforms existing models, achieving superior reconstruction accuracy and generation quality. Additionally, in molecular optimization tasks, FRATTVAE generated stable, high-quality molecules with desired properties, avoiding structural alerts. These results highlight FRATTVAE as a robust and versatile solution for molecular generation and optimization, making it well-suited for a variety of applications in cheminformatics and drug discovery.
Delving Into the Design and Implementation of Specifications Grading Systems in Higher Education: A Systematic Review
Authors: Howitz William J. , McKnelly Kate J. , Link Renée D.
Published: November 2024

Specifications grading is an alternative grading system that has been used with increasing frequency in higher education. Since first introduced by Linda Nilson in 2014, more than 91 publications on the design and implementation of specifications grading systems have been published. This work presents a systematic review of the current literature to analyze the variety of ways specifications grading systems are executed, including the diverse design and implementation considerations, as well as to present and discuss emergent themes. We analyzed 91 publications and present their relevant findings in the results. The following databases were last searched on October 5, 2024, for publications: IEEE Xplore, ACS Publications, ASEE PEER, PER, Scopus, ERIC, ACM, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. All peer-reviewed journal articles, conference proceedings, and book chapters that implemented at least two structural features of specifications grading in an undergraduate or graduate course were included in this review. Theses, dissertations, conference abstracts, posters, workshops, blogs, opinion pieces, social media exchanges, and content provided on websites were not included. Additionally, reports of specifications grading systems in K-12 courses or those that only presented the design and/or implementation of less than two structural features of the grading system were similarly excluded. Our findings from the literature reveal that the following themes emerge from educators who use specifications grading: time investment, academic performance, and student reactions. This review provides a resource for those interested in exploring this alternative grading system, and the emergent themes indicate that there are ripe opportunities for future study.