bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Topological surface currents accessed through reversible hydrogenation of the three-dimensional bulk
Authors: Deng Haiming , Zhao Lukas , Park Kyungwha , Yan Jiaqiang , Sobczak Kamil , Lakra Ayesha , Buzi Entela , Krusin-Elbaum Lia
Published: April 2022

Hydrogen, the smallest and most abundant element in nature, can be efficiently incorporated within a solid and drastically modify its electronic and structural state. In most semiconductors interstitial hydrogen binds to defects and is known to be amphoteric, namely it can act either as a donor (H+) or an acceptor (H−) of charge, nearly always counteracting the prevailing conductivity type. Here we demonstrate that hydrogenation resolves an outstanding challenge in chalcogenide classes of three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators and magnets — the control of intrinsic bulk conduction that denies access to quantum surface transport, imposing severe thickness limits on the bulk. With electrons donated by a reversible binding of H+ ions to Te(Se) chalcogens, carrier densities are reduced by over 1020cm−3, allowing tuning the Fermi level into the bulk bandgap to enter surface/edge current channels without altering carrier mobility or the bandstructure. The hydrogen-tuned topological nanostructures are stable at room temperature and tunable disregarding bulk size, opening a breadth of device platforms for harnessing emergent topological states.
Remote and precise control over morphology and motion of organic crystals by using magnetic field
Authors: Yang Xuesong , Lan Linfeng , Li Liang , Liu Xiaokong , Naumov Panče , Zhang Hongyu
Published: April 2022

Elastic organic crystals are the materials foundation of future lightweight flexible electronic, optical and sensing devices, yet precise control over their deformation has not been accomplished. Here, we report a general non-destructive approach to remote bending of organic crystals. Flexible organic crystals are coupled to magnetic nanoparticles to prepare hybrid actuating elements whose shape can be arbitrarily and precisely controlled simply by using magnetic field. The crystals are mechanically and chemically robust, and can be flexed precisely to a predetermined curvature with complete retention of their macroscopic integrity at least several thousand times in contactless mode, in air or in a liquid medium. These crystals are used as optical waveguides whose light output can be precisely and remotely controlled by using a permanent magnet. This approach expands the range of applications of flexible organic crystals beyond the known limitations with other methods for control of their shape, and opens prospects for their direct implementation in flexible devices such as sensors, emitters, and other (opto)electronics.
Periodic formation of epithelial somites from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Sanaki-Matsumiya Marina , Matsuda Mitsuhiro , Gritti Nicola , Nakaki Fumio , Sharpe James , Trivedi Vikas , Ebisuya Miki
Published: April 2022

During embryonic development, epithelial cell blocks called somites are periodically formed according to the segmentation clock, becoming the foundation for the segmental pattern of the vertebral column. The process of somitogenesis has recently been recapitulated with murine and human pluripotent stem cells. However, an in vitro model for human somitogenesis coupled with the segmentation clock and epithelialization is still missing. Here, we report the generation of human somitoids, organoids that periodically form pairs of epithelial somite-like structures. Somitoids display clear oscillations of the segmentation clock that coincide with the segmentation of the presomitic mesoderm. The resulting somites show anterior-posterior and apical-basal polarities. Matrigel is essential for epithelialization but dispensable for the differentiation into somite cells. The size of somites is rather constant, irrespective of the initial cell number. The amount of WNT signaling instructs the proportion of mesodermal lineages in somitoids. Somitoids provide a novel platform to study human somitogenesis.
A sustainable ultra-high strength Fe18Mn3Ti maraging steel through controlled solute segregation and α-Mn nanoprecipitation
Authors: Kwiatkowski da Silva A. , Souza Filho I. R. , Lu W. , Zilnyk K. D. , Hupalo M. F. , Alves L. M. , Ponge D. , Gault B. , Raabe D.
Published: April 2022

The enormous magnitude of 2 billion tons of alloys produced per year demands a change in design philosophy to make materials environmentally, economically, and socially more sustainable. This disqualifies the use of critical elements that are rare or have questionable origin. Amongst the major alloy strengthening mechanisms, a high-dispersion of second-phase precipitates with sizes in the nanometre range is particularly effective for achieving ultra-high strength. Here, we propose an alternative segregation-based strategy for sustainable steels, free of critical elements, which are rendered ultrastrong by second-phase nano-precipitation. We increase the Mn-content in a supersaturated, metastable Fe-Mn solid solution to trigger compositional fluctuations and nano-segregation in the bulk. These fluctuations act as precursors for the nucleation of an unexpected α-Mn phase, which impedes dislocation motion, thus enabling precipitation strengthening. Our steel outperforms most common commercial alloys, yet it is free of critical elements, making it a new platform for sustainable alloy design.
Enabling high energy lithium metal batteries via single-crystal Ni-rich cathode material co-doping strategy
Authors: Ou Xing , Liu Tongchao , Zhong Wentao , Fan Xinming , Guo Xueyi , Huang Xiaojing , Cao Liang , Hu Junhua , Zhang Bao , Chu Yong S. , Hu Guorong , Lin Zhang , Dahbi Mouad , Alami Jones , Amine Khalil , Yang Chenghao , Lu Jun
Published: April 2022

High-capacity Ni-rich layered oxides are promising cathode materials for secondary lithium-based battery systems. However, their structural instability detrimentally affects the battery performance during cell cycling. Here, we report an Al/Zr co-doped single-crystalline LiNi0.88Co0.09Mn0.03O2(SNCM) cathode material to circumvent the instability issue. We found that soluble Al ions are adequately incorporated in the SNCM lattice while the less soluble Zr ions are prone to aggregate in the outer SNCM surface layer. The synergistic effect of Al/Zr co-doping in SNCM lattice improve the Li-ion mobility, relief the internal strain, and suppress the Li/Ni cation mixing upon cycling at high cut-off voltage. These features improve the cathode rate capability and structural stabilization during prolonged cell cycling. In particular, the Zr-rich surface enables the formation of stable cathode-electrolyte interphase, which prevent SNCM from unwanted reactions with the non-aqueous fluorinated liquid electrolyte solution and avoid Ni dissolution. To prove the practical application of the Al/Zr co-doped SNCM, we assembled a 10.8 Ah pouch cell (using a 100 μm thick Li metal anode) capable of delivering initial specific energy of 504.5 Wh kg−1at 0.1 C and 25 °C.
Printable logic circuits comprising self-assembled protein complexes
Authors: Qiu Xinkai , Chiechi Ryan C.
Published: April 2022

This paper describes the fabrication of digital logic circuits comprising resistors and diodes made from protein complexes and wired together using printed liquid metal electrodes. These resistors and diodes exhibit temperature-independent charge-transport over a distance of approximately 10 nm and require no encapsulation or special handling. The function of the protein complexes is determined entirely by self-assembly. When induced to self-assembly into anisotropic monolayers, the collective action of the aligned dipole moments increases the electrical conductivity of the ensemble in one direction and decreases it in the other. When induced to self-assemble into isotropic monolayers, the dipole moments are randomized and the electrical conductivity is approximately equal in both directions. We demonstrate the robustness and utility of these all-protein logic circuits by constructing pulse modulators based on AND and OR logic gates that function nearly identically to simulated circuits. These results show that digital circuits with useful functionality can be derived from readily obtainable biomolecules using simple, straightforward fabrication techniques that exploit molecular self-assembly, realizing one of the primary goals of molecular electronics.
Determining the depth of surface charging layer of single Prussian blue nanoparticles with pseudocapacitive behaviors
Authors: Niu Ben , Jiang Wenxuan , Jiang Bo , Lv Mengqi , Wang Sa , Wang Wei
Published: April 2022

Understanding the hybrid charge-storage mechanisms of pseudocapacitive nanomaterials holds promising keys to further improve the performance of energy storage devices. Based on the dependence of the light scattering intensity of single Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) on their oxidation state during sinusoidal potential modulation at varying frequencies, we present an electro-optical microscopic imaging approach to optically acquire the Faradaic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (oEIS) of single PBNPs. Here we reveal typical pseudocapacitive behavior with hybrid charge-storage mechanisms depending on the modulation frequency. In the low-frequency range, the optical amplitude is inversely proportional to the square root of the frequency (∆I ∝ f−0.5; diffusion-limited process), while in the high-frequency range, it is inversely proportional to the frequency (∆I ∝ f−1; surface charging process). Because the geometry of single cuboid-shaped PBNPs can be precisely determined by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, oEIS of single PBNPs allows the determination of the depth of the surface charging layer, revealing it to be ~2 unit cells regardless of the nanoparticle size.
The effect of alterations of schizophrenia-associated genes on gamma band oscillations
Authors: Metzner Christoph , Mäki-Marttunen Tuomo , Karni Gili , McMahon-Cole Hana , Steuber Volker
Published: April 2022

Abnormalities in the synchronized oscillatory activity of neurons in general and, specifically in the gamma band, might play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. While these changes in oscillatory activity have traditionally been linked to alterations at the synaptic level, we demonstrate here, using computational modeling, that common genetic variants of ion channels can contribute strongly to this effect. Our model of primary auditory cortex highlights multiple schizophrenia-associated genetic variants that reduce gamma power in an auditory steady-state response task. Furthermore, we show that combinations of several of these schizophrenia-associated variants can produce similar effects as the more traditionally considered synaptic changes. Overall, our study provides a mechanistic link between schizophrenia-associated common genetic variants, as identified by genome-wide association studies, and one of the most robust neurophysiological endophenotypes of schizophrenia.
NANOG prion-like assembly mediates DNA bridging to facilitate chromatin reorganization and activation of pluripotency
Authors: Choi Kyoung-Jae , Quan My Diem , Qi Chuangye , Lee Joo-Hyung , Tsoi Phoebe S. , Zahabiyon Mahla , Bajic Aleksandar , Hu Liya , Prasad B. V. Venkataram , Liao Shih-Chu Jeff , Li Wenbo , Ferreon Allan Chris M. , Ferreon Josephine C.
Published: April 2022

Human NANOG expression resets stem cells to ground-state pluripotency. Here we identify the unique features of human NANOG that relate to its dose-sensitive function as a master transcription factor. NANOG is largely disordered, with a C-terminal prion-like domain that phase-transitions to gel-like condensates. Full-length NANOG readily forms higher-order oligomers at low nanomolar concentrations, orders of magnitude lower than typical amyloids. Using single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer and fluorescence cross-correlation techniques, we show that NANOG oligomerization is essential for bridging DNA elements in vitro. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and Hi-C 3.0 in cells, we validate that NANOG prion-like domain assembly is essential for specific DNA recognition and distant chromatin interactions. Our results provide a physical basis for the indispensable role of NANOG in shaping the pluripotent genome. NANOG’s unique ability to form prion-like assemblies could provide a cooperative and concerted DNA bridging mechanism that is essential for chromatin reorganization and dose-sensitive activation of ground-state pluripotency.
Trace removal of benzene vapour using double-walled metal–dipyrazolate frameworks
Authors: He Tao , Kong Xiang-Jing , Bian Zhen-Xing , Zhang Yong-Zheng , Si Guang-Rui , Xie Lin-Hua , Wu Xue-Qian , Huang Hongliang , Chang Ze , Bu Xian-He , Zaworotko Michael J. , Nie Zuo-Ren , Li Jian-Rong
Published: April 2022

In principle, porous physisorbents are attractive candidates for the removal of volatile organic compounds such as benzene by virtue of their low energy for the capture and release of this pollutant. Unfortunately, many physisorbents exhibit weak sorbate–sorbent interactions, resulting in poor selectivity and low uptake when volatile organic compounds are present at trace concentrations. Herein, we report that a family of double-walled metal–dipyrazolate frameworks, BUT-53 to BUT-58, exhibit benzene uptakes at 298 K of 2.47–3.28 mmol g−1 at <10 Pa. Breakthrough experiments revealed that BUT-55, a supramolecular isomer of the metal–organic framework Co(BDP) (H2BDP = 1,4-di(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)benzene), captures trace levels of benzene, producing an air stream with benzene content below acceptable limits. Furthermore, BUT-55 can be regenerated with mild heating. Insight into the performance of BUT-55 comes from the crystal structure of the benzene-loaded phase (C6H6@BUT-55) and density functional theory calculations, which reveal that C–H···X interactions drive the tight binding of benzene. Our results demonstrate that BUT-55 is a recyclable physisorbent that exhibits high affinity and adsorption capacity towards benzene, making it a candidate for environmental remediation of benzene-contaminated gas mixtures.
Thermodynamically coupled biosensors for detecting neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Zhang Jason Z. , Yeh Hsien-Wei , Walls Alexandra C. , Wicky Basile I. M. , Sprouse Kaitlin R. , VanBlargan Laura A. , Treger Rebecca , Quijano-Rubio Alfredo , Pham Minh N. , Kraft John C. , Haydon Ian C. , Yang Wei , DeWitt Michelle , Bowen John E. , Chow Cameron M. , Carter Lauren , Ravichandran Rashmi , Wener Mark H. , Stewart Lance , Veesler David , Diamond Michael S. , Greninger Alexander L. , Koelle David M. , Baker David
Published: April 2022

We designed a protein biosensor that uses thermodynamic coupling for sensitive and rapid detection of neutralizing antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants in serum. The biosensor is a switchable, caged luciferase–receptor-binding domain (RBD) construct that detects serum-antibody interference with the binding of virus RBD to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) as a proxy for neutralization. Our coupling approach does not require target modification and can better distinguish sample-to-sample differences in analyte binding affinity and abundance than traditional competition-based assays.
Immunogenicity and therapeutic targeting of a public neoantigen derived from mutated PIK3CA
Authors: Chandran Smita S. , Ma Jiaqi , Klatt Martin G. , Dündar Friederike , Bandlamudi Chaitanya , Razavi Pedram , Wen Hannah Y. , Weigelt Britta , Zumbo Paul , Fu Si Ning , Banks Lauren B. , Yi Fei , Vercher Enric , Etxeberria Inaki , Bestman Watchain D. , Da Cruz Paula Arnaud , Aricescu Ilinca S. , Drilon Alexander , Betel Doron , Scheinberg David A. , Baker Brian M. , Klebanoff Christopher A.
Published: April 2022

Public neoantigens (NeoAgs) represent an elite class of shared cancer-specific epitopes derived from recurrently mutated driver genes. Here we describe a high-throughput platform combining single-cell transcriptomic and T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing to establish whether mutant PIK3CA, among the most frequently genomically altered driver oncogenes, generates an immunogenic public NeoAg. Using this strategy, we developed a panel of TCRs that recognize an endogenously processed neopeptide encompassing a common PIK3CA hotspot mutation restricted by the prevalent human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*03:01 allele. Mechanistically, immunogenicity to this public NeoAg arises from enhanced neopeptide/HLA complex stability caused by a preferred HLA anchor substitution. Structural studies indicated that the HLA-bound neopeptide presents a comparatively ‘featureless’ surface dominated by the peptide’s backbone. To bind this epitope with high specificity and affinity, we discovered that a lead TCR clinical candidate engages the neopeptide through an extended interface facilitated by an unusually long CDR3β loop. In patients with diverse malignancies, we observed NeoAg clonal conservation and spontaneous immunogenicity to the neoepitope. Finally, adoptive transfer of TCR-engineered T cells led to tumor regression in vivo in mice bearing PIK3CA-mutant tumors but not wild-type PIK3CA tumors. Together, these findings establish the immunogenicity and therapeutic potential of a mutant PIK3CA-derived public NeoAg.
Feline herpesvirus infection and pathology in captive snow leopard
Authors: Wu Qiaoxing , Wu Hongchao , He Shunfu , Liu Yuxiu , Chen Yalei , Qi Xinzhang , Gu Xiangyang , Wen Yifan , Jin Xuelin , Jin Yipeng , Tian Kegong
Published: April 2022

Feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1) is a common causative agent of domestic cats’ rhinotracheitis in domestic cats, and it increasingly threatens wild felids worldwide. The endangered snow leopard (Panthera uncia) belongs to the family Felidae, and it is the top predator on the Tibetan Plateau. Here we report the identification and isolation of FHV-1 from three dead captive snow leopards that presented with sneezing and rhinorrhea. To explore the relationship between FHV-1 and their deaths, organs and nasal swabs were collected for histopathology, viral isolation and sequence analysis. The results revealed that all three snow leopards were infected with FHV-1. The first animal died primarily of cerebral infarction and secondary non-suppurative meningoencephalitis that was probably caused by FHV-1. The second animal died mainly of renal failure accompanied by interstitial pneumonia caused by FHV-1. The cause of death for the third animal was likely related to the concurrent reactivation of a latent FHV-1 infection. The gD and gE gene sequence alignment of the isolated FHV-1 isolate strain revealed that the virus likely originated from a domestic cat. It was found that FHV-1 infection can cause different lesions in snow leopards than in domestic cats and is associated with high risk of disease in wild felids. This suggests that there should be increased focus on protecting wild felids against FHV-1 infections originating from domestic cats.
Altered abundances of human immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G subclasses in Alzheimer’s disease frontal cortex
Authors: Lekhraj Rukmani , Lalezari Shirin , Aguilan Jennifer T. , Qin Jiyue , Sidoli Simone , Mowrey Wenzhu , Gollamudi Seema , Lalezari Parviz
Published: April 2022

The immune system has been described to play a role in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the distribution of immunoglobulins and their subclasses in brain tissue has not been explored. In this study, examination of pathologically diagnosed frontal cortex gray matter revealed significantly higher levels of IgM and IgG in late-stage AD (Braak and Braak stages V and VI) compared to age-matched controls. While levels of IgG2 and IgG4 constant region fragments were higher in late-stage AD, concentration of native–state IgG4 with free Fc regions was increased in AD III and VI. RNA analysis did not support parenchymal B-cell production of IgG4 in AD III and V, indicating possible peripheral or meningeal B-cell involvement. Changes in the profile of IgM, IgG and IgG subclasses in AD frontal cortex may provide insight into understanding disease pathogenesis and progression.
Topological quantum criticality in non-Hermitian extended Kitaev chain
Authors: Rahul S , Sarkar Sujit
Published: April 2022

An attempt is made to study the quantum criticality in non-Hermitian system with topological characterization. We use the zero mode solutions to characterize the topological phases and, criticality and also to construct the phase diagram. The Hermitian counterpart of the model Hamiltonian possess quite a few interesting features such as Majorana zero modes (MZMs) at criticality, unique topological phase transition on the critical line and hence these unique features are of an interest to study in the non-Hermitian case also. We observe a unique behavior of critical lines in presence of non-Hermiticity. We study the topological phase transitions in the non-Hermitian case using parametric curves which also reveal the gap closing point through exceptional points. We study bulk and edge properties of the system where at the edge, the stability dependence behavior of MZMs at criticality is studied and at the bulk we study the effect of non-Hermiticity on the topological phases by investigating the behavior of the critical lines. The study of non-Hermiticity on the critical lines revels the rate of receding of the topological phases with respect to the increase in the value of non-Hermiticity. This work gives a new perspective on topological quantum criticality in non-Hermitian quantum system.
Network pharmacology analysis and experimental validation to explore the mechanism of Bushao Tiaozhi capsule (BSTZC) on hyperlipidemia
Authors: Xiao Guanlin , Zeng Zhihao , Jiang Jieyi , Xu Aili , Li Sumei , Li Yangxue , Chen Zhao , Chen Weitao , Zhang Jingnian , Bi Xiaoli
Published: April 2022

Bushao Tiaozhi Capsule (BSTZC) is a novel drug in China that is used in clinical practice and has significant therapeutic effects on hyperlipidemia (HLP). In our previous study, BSTZC has a good regulatory effect on lipid metabolism of HLP rats. However, its bioactive compounds, potential targets, and underlying mechanism remain largely unclear. We extracted the active ingredients and targets in BSTZC from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and literature mining. Subsequently, core ingredients, potential targets, and signaling pathways were determined through bioinformatics analysis, including constructed Drug-Ingredient-Gene symbols-Disease (D-I-G-D), protein–protein interaction (PPI), the Gene Ontology (GO), and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Finally, the reliability of the core targets was evaluated using in vivo studies. A total of 36 bioactive ingredients and 209 gene targets were identified in BSTZC. The network analysis revealed that quercetin, kaempferol, wogonin, isorhamnetin, baicalein and luteolin may be the core ingredients. The 26 core targets of BSTZC, including IL-6, TNF, VEGFA, and CASP3, were considered potential therapeutic targets. Furthermore, GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the treatment of HLP by BSTZC might be related to lipopolysaccharide, oxidative stress, inflammatory response and cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. The pathway analysis showed enrichment for different pathways like MAPK signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic, IL-17 signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway. In this study, network pharmacology analysis, and experiment verification were combined, and revealed that BSTZC may regulate key inflammatory markers and apoptosis for ameliorating HLP.
Femtosecond laser-assisted corneal transplantation with a low-energy, liquid-interface system
Authors: Liu Yu-Chi , Morales-Wong Fernando , Patil Moushmi , Han Sang Beom , Lwin Nyein C. , Teo Ericia Pei Wen , Ang Heng Pei , Yussof Nur Zah M. , Mehta Jodhbir S.
Published: April 2022

Femtosecond laser-assisted keratoplasty has been proposed as a treatment option for corneal transplantation. In this study, we investigated and compared the outcomes of Ziemer Z8 femtosecond laser (FSL)-assisted penetrating keratoplasty (PK) using a liquid interface versus flat interface. Thirty fresh porcine eyes underwent FSL-assisted PK with the Z8 using different levels of energies (30%, 90% or 150%) and different interfaces (liquid or flat). The real-time intraocular pressure (IOP) changes, incision geometry, corneal endothelial damage, as well as the accuracy of laser cutting and tissue reaction, were performed and compared. We found that the overall average IOP at all laser trephination stages was significantly higher with the flat interface, regardless of the energy used (68.9 ± 15.0 mmHg versus 46.1 ± 16.6 mmHg; P < 0.001). The overall mean laser-cut angle was 86.2º ± 6.5º and 88.2º ± 1.0º, for the liquid and flat platform respectively, indicating minimal deviation from the programmed angle of 90º. When high energy (150%) was used, the endothelial denuded area was significantly greater with the flat interface than with liquid interface (386.1 ± 53.6 mm2 versus 139.0 ± 10.4 mm2P = 0.02). The FSL cutting did not cause obvious tissue reaction alongside the laser cut on histological evaluation. The results indicated a liquid interface is the preferable choice in FSL-assisted corneal transplantation.
The relationship between ecosystem services and human modification displays decoupling across global delta systems
Authors: Reader Martin Oliver , Eppinga Maarten B. , de Boer Hugo Jan , Damm Alexander , Petchey Owen L. , Santos Maria J.
Published: April 2022

The ties between a society and its local ecosystem can decouple as societies develop and replace ecosystem services such as food or water regulation via trade and technology. River deltas have developed into important, yet threatened, urban, agricultural and industrial centres. Here, we use global spatial datasets to explore how 49 ecosystem services respond to four human modification indicators, e.g. population density, across 235 large deltas. We formed bundles of statistically correlated ecosystem services and examined if their relationship with modification changed. Decoupling of all robust ecosystem service bundles from at least one modification indicator was indicated in 34% of deltas, while 53% displayed decoupling for at least one bundle. Food-related ecosystem services increased with modification, while the other bundles declined. Our findings suggest two developmental pathways for deltas: as coupled agricultural systems risking irreversible local biodiversity loss; and as decoupled urban centres externalising the impact of their growing demands.
On the acoustically induced fluid flow in particle separation systems employing standing surface acoustic waves – Part I
Authors: Sachs Sebastian , Baloochi Mostafa , Cierpka Christian , König Jörg
Published: April 2022

Experimental and numerical studies on the acoustically induced fluid flow at the center of pseudo-standing surface acoustic waves, as typically employed in Lab-on-a-Chip devices for particle separation.
Highly dispersed Ni-based catalysts derived from the LaNiO3 perovskite for dry methane reforming: promotional effect of the Ni0–Ni2+ dipole inlaid on the support
Authors: Luo Fengying , Wang Zeyu , Li Xiangnan , Lang Lin , Li Xinjun , Yin Xiuli
Published: April 2022

A hyperdispersed Ni-based catalyst from LaNiO3 performed well in dry methane reforming reaction, which was attributed to the promotional effect of the Ni0–Ni2+ dipole.
A multifunctional colorimetric sensor array for bacterial identification and real-time bacterial elimination to prevent bacterial contamination
Authors: Zhao Minyang , Yan Yong , Guo Hanqiong , Zhang Yujie , Wu Haotian , Fang Yuan , Liu Yaqing
Published: April 2022

The constructed sensor array has simple operation and successfully integrates bacterial identification and inactivation.
Construction of Ag nanowire@Au nanoparticle nano nests with densely stacked small gaps for actively trapping molecules to realize diversity SERS detection
Authors: Xie Tao , Li Pan , Ge Meihong , Chen Siyu , Huang Guangyao , Li Junxiang , Gong Meiting , Weng Shirui , Yang Liangbao
Published: April 2022

The SERS detection method based nano nest model actively traps molecules by the capillary action to detect different kinds of molecules, such as pesticide residues, bioenergy substances, antibiotic residues and allergic reactions.
Synthesis and hydrolytic stability of cyclic phosphatidic acids: implications for synthetic- and proto-cell studies
Authors: Ortuno Veronica Egas , Pulletikurti Sunil , Veena Kollery S. , Krishnamurthy Ramanarayanan
Published: April 2022

Cyclic phosphatidic acids: synthesis and hydrolytic stability studies.
Tumor microenvironment-responsive S-NSs-TPZ-ICG intelligent nanoplatforms for synergistically enhanced tumor multimodal therapy
Authors: Li Xiangcao , Zhao Shaojing , Yang Ke , Li Baoling , Wang Benhua , Yi Jianing , Song Xiangzhi , Lan Minhuan
Published: April 2022

Here, we prepared a TME-responsive intelligent nanoplatform (S-NSs-TPZ-ICG) based on TPZ and ICG co-loaded S-NSs for synergistically enhanced tumor therapy.
Boosting the energy storage performance of MOF-derived Co3S4 nanoarrays via sulfur vacancy and surface engineering
Authors: Tan Shiwen , Xue Zhigao , Tao Kai , Han Lei
Published: April 2022

Hierarchical hollow Co3S4 nanosheet arrays with rich sulfur vacancies are constructed by a facile method, and they exhibit a significantly boosted electrochemical performance.
Simultaneous detection of CaMV35S and T-nos utilizing CRISPR/Cas12a and Cas13a with multiplex-PCR (MPT-Cas12a/13a)
Authors: Cao Gaihua , Dong Jiangbo , Chen Xiaolong , Lu Peng , Xiong Yifan , Peng Lan , Li Jiawei , Huo Danqun , Hou Changjun
Published: April 2022

MPT-Cas12a/13a for a specific and simultaneous assay of CaMV35S and T-nos based on CRISPR/Cas12a and Cas13a with different fluorescence signals.
Single and dual functionalization of proteins using site-specific nucleophilic carbon ligations
Authors: Peng Qiang , Zang Berlin , Xiong Tao , Huang Chundong , Xu Ting , Zhang Chong , Ren Jun , Ji Fangling , Jia Lingyun
Published: April 2022

Carbon nucleophile-mediated aldehyde ligation for site-specific single and dual bioconjugation of proteins.
Crystal facet effect of tin dioxide nanocrystals on photocatalytic degradation and photo-assisted gas sensing properties
Authors: Liang Yan , Xiang Zhongke , Zhao Xiaojian , Xiang Feifei , Yan Peipei , Yu Ting , Li Xin , Yang Yong
Published: April 2022

The crystal facet effect of tin dioxide nanocrystals on photocatalytic degradation of water pollutants and photo-assisted ammonia sensing properties was studied.
Structural diversity and hydrogen storage properties in the system K–Si–H
Authors: Xie Hui , Liang Tianxiao , Cui Tian , Feng Xiaolei , Song Hao , Li Da , Tian Fubo , Redfern Simon A. T. , Pickard Chris J. , Duan Defang
Published: April 2022

A new phase P3̄m1 of K2SiH6 was uncovered at ambient pressure by means of first-principles structure searches, which is a promising hydrogen storage material with high gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen densities.
Towards an atomistic understanding of polymorphism in molecular solids
Authors: la Vega Arturo Sauza-de , Duarte Leonardo J. , Silva Arnaldo F. , Skelton Jonathan M. , Rocha-Rinza Tomás , Popelier Paul L. A.
Published: April 2022

Quantum topological atoms offer a robust atomic energy partitioning, allowing the crystal engineering to move back from molecule–molecule interactions to atom–atom interactions in order to understand polymorphism.
Transient changes in aromaticity and their effect on excited-state proton transfer reactions
Authors: Arpa Enrique M. , Durbeej Bo
Published: April 2022

Quantum chemical modelling shows that energy barriers for excited-state proton transfer reactions involving 2-pyridone are governed by the transient onset of antiaromaticity upon interaction between the photoexcited state and a second excited state.
A straightforward method to quantify the electron-delocalizing ability of π-conjugated molecules
Authors: Bradley David , Branley Callum P. , Peeks Martin D.
Published: April 2022

The inter-fragment delocalization index (IFDI) is introduced as a simple, easy-to-use method for quantifying electronic delocalization in molecular wires and oligomers.
Nitrogen fixation and transformation with main group elements
Authors: Liu Tong-Tong , Zhai Dan-Dan , Guan Bing-Tao , Shi Zhang-Jie
Published: April 2022

In this tutorial, we introduced the fundamental aspects of nitrogen fixation, summarized the recent progresses with main group elements and tried to make clear the clue for further developments.
Interfacing single-atom catalysis with continuous-flow organic electrosynthesis
Authors: Bajada Mark A. , Sanjosé-Orduna Jesús , Di Liberto Giovanni , Tosoni Sergio , Pacchioni Gianfranco , Noël Timothy , Vilé Gianvito
Published: April 2022

This manuscript reviews for the first time developments at the interface between organic electrosynthesis and single-atom catalysis, highlighting advantages in shifting from a batch to a flow production.
Efficient regeneration of retired LiFePO4 cathode by combining spontaneous and electrically driven processes
Authors: Peng Dezhao , Wang Xiaowei , Wang Shubin , Zhang Bao , Lu Xinyu , Hu Wenyang , Zou Jingtian , Li Pengfei , Wen Yong , Zhang Jiafeng
Published: April 2022

Based on a combination of spontaneous lithium migration and targeted electrically-driven lithiation, a two-step resting-output current process was conducted to directly regenerate retired LiFePO4 cathode, which can reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution.
Investigation of matrix independent calibration of oxygen in glow discharge optical emission spectrometry
Authors: Hoffmann Volker , Gebel Bernhard , Heller René , Gemming Thomas
Published: April 2022

Emission intensity of oxygen at 777 nm in Cu-, Al-, Mg- and Fe-matrices.
Insight into the interdependence of Ni and Al in bifunctional Ni/ZSM-5 catalysts at the nanoscale
Authors: Vu Hue-Tong , Arčon Iztok , Souza Danilo Oliveira de , Pollastri Simone , Dražić Goran , Volavšek Janez , Mali Gregor , Zabukovec Logar Nataša , Novak Tušar Nataša
Published: April 2022

A systematic structural study of Ni in the Ni/ZSM-5 materials is presented, which is beneficial for any further investigation of the catalytic activities of Ni/ZSM-5 and other metal-modified bifunctional catalysts.
Investigation of five metal–organic frameworks as sorbents in the syringe filter-SPE method for determination of metronidazole and cephalexin in water samples
Authors: Moinfar Soleyman , Khodayari Ali , Sami Helan Zyad , Ali Maher Khalid , Abdi Nobuhar Nazar
Published: April 2022

In this study, we evaluated the preparation and utilization of NH2-MIL-101(Al) and NH2-MIL-101(Cr) as two efficient adsorbents for the extraction of metronidazole and cephalexin in water samples using the syringe filter-SPE method.
Facile assembly of amorphous Fe2O3 nanoparticle@dry graphene oxide composites for lithium-ion storage
Authors: Liu Ya , Li Minyue , Lei Bo , Wu Minghong , Zhan Jing
Published: April 2022

The lithium-ion storage capacity of dGO is increased by about 158% after low-temperature am-Fe2O3 modification.
Chiral gelators for visual enantiomeric recognition
Authors: Gambhir Diksha , Kumar Sunil , Koner Rik Rani
Published: April 2022

Visual tools for enantiomeric recognition.
Enhanced clamshell swimming with asymmetric beating at low Reynolds number
Authors: Hu Shiyuan , Zhang Jun , Shelley Michael J.
Published: April 2022

Clamshell swimming at low Reynolds number is modeled using elastic filaments and linked rigid segments with hydrodynamic interactions. The swimming performance is significantly enhanced by asymmetric beating patterns.
A novel gel polymer electrolyte doped with MXene enables dendrite-free cycling for high-performance sodium metal batteries
Authors: Zhang Yixin , Wu Feng , Huang Yongxin , Li Shuaijie , Li Cheng , Wang Ziheng , Xie Man
Published: April 2022

Tactful introduction of Ti3C2 (MXene) into a gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) via weak hydrogen bond interactions achieves effective regulation of Na plating and inhibition of dendrites, enabling superior performance of sodium metal batteries.
Correction: Bichannel design inspired by membrane pump: a rate booster for the conversion-type anode of sodium-ion battery
Authors: Yin Bo , He Haiyong , Lin Jiande , Hong Youran , Cheng Boshi , Zhu Lin , He Hualong , Ma Mingchan , Wang Jiangwei
Published: April 2022

Correction for ‘Bichannel design inspired by membrane pump: a rate booster for the conversion-type anode of sodium-ion battery’ by Bo Yin et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2022, 10, 3373–3381, https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ta10343a.
Cavitation recognition of axial piston pumps in noisy environment based on Grad‐CAM visualization technique
Authors: Chao Qun , Wei Xiaoliang , Tao Jianfeng , Liu Chengliang , Wang Yuanhang
Published: April 2022

The cavitation in axial piston pumps threatens the reliability and safety of the overall hydraulic system. Vibration signal can reflect the cavitation conditions in axial piston pumps and it has been combined with machine learning to detect the pump cavitation. However, the vibration signal usually contains noise in real working conditions, which raises concerns about accurate recognition of cavitation in noisy environment. This paper presents an intelligent method to recognise the cavitation in axial piston pumps in noisy environment. First, we train a convolutional neural network (CNN) using the spectrogram images transformed from raw vibration data under different cavitation conditions. Second, we employ the technique of gradient‐weighted class activation mapping (Grad‐CAM) to visualise class‐discriminative regions in the spectrogram image. Finally, we propose a novel image processing method based on Grad‐CAM heatmap to automatically remove entrained noise and enhance class features in the spectrogram image. The experimental results show that the proposed method greatly improves the diagnostic performance of the CNN model in noisy environments. The classification accuracy of cavitation conditions increases from 0.50 to 0.89 and from 0.80 to 0.92 at signal‐to‐noise ratios of 4 and 6 dB, respectively.
Joint range and velocity estimation for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing‐based high‐speed integrated radar and communications system
Authors: Wang Xiaojiang , Zhang Zhenkai
Published: April 2022

The integrated radar and communications (IRC) waveform can simultaneously estimate the range and velocity of other targets while communicating with other facilities. In high‐speed scenarios, the IRC echo signal based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) needs to consider the intra‐symbol and inter‐subcarrier Doppler effects. This paper first builds a receiving model of the integrated echo signal by including the intra‐symbol and inter‐subcarrier Doppler effects. On this basis, we propose a two‐step joint range and velocity estimation method, where rough estimation is performed by an improved estimating the signal parameters via the rotational invariance technique (ESPRIT), and a least‐square weighted (LSW) method is applied for fine estimation. The Cramer‐Rao lower bound (CRLB) of the receiving model is also provided, and the computational complexity of the proposed method is analyzed. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method.
Person Re‐identification Based on Feature Erasure and Diverse Feature Learning
Authors: Peng Lu , Jidong Zhang , Zhen Zhang , Wei Wang , Yamei Dou
Published: April 2022

Robust and comprehensive modelling of targets is the key to successful person re‐identification. However, some useful information may be ignored, since CNNs tend to learn from the most distinctive feature region of the human body. In the present study, a multi‐branch lightweight network structure that can enhance the ability of diverse feature retrieval is introduced. The proposed network consists of three branches. In the feature erasure branch, a drop block model is added to remove the horizontal region with the highest activation degree from feature vectors so as to allow the network to learn relatively low discrimination features. The global branch is used as an essential supplement to the feature erasure branch. A unified horizontal segmentation strategy is adopted in the local branch to avoid the influence of feature dislocation. Finally, diverse feature learning is achieved through the branch network structure. The proposed method can achieve state‐of‐the‐art results on Market‐1501, CUHK03 and DukeMTMC‐Reid data sets, thereby demonstrating the effectiveness of the method.
Cinnamaldehyde and indocyanine green loaded lipid nanoparticles induced intracellular oxidative/thermal stress damage for effective cervical cancer therapy
Authors: Yan Qiong‐Qiong , Li Bing‐Lin
Published: April 2022

The redox and thermal balances in cancer have been considered two fundamental bases for cancer progression. As a result, the development of novel action ways to disrupt these balances can therefore give potential anticancer benefits. Herein, cinnamaldehyde (CA) as a plant‐derived drug which could accelerate the H2O2 generation and elevate the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in cancer cells, is employed to elevate the ROS level of cancer cells while the indocyanine green (ICG) as a photothermal agent was co‐delivered to induce oxidative/thermal stress damage to cells that provide a novel but effective way for effective cancer therapy. The CA and ICG were loaded in lipid nanoparticles to be a drug delivery system (DDS) for safe and effective drug delivery to tumour. The HeLa (human cervical cancer cell line) cells were employed as model and showed promising effects both in vitro and in vivo.
The Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Changes the Eating Habits of the Community in Bogor
Authors: Dianah Rosyda , Merdekawati Eka
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on changes in eating habits is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design conducted in Bogor with 110 respondents. Changes in eating habits observed include changes in eating frequency, meal portions, frequency of fruit consumption, frequency of vegetable consumption, frequency of snack consumption, frequency of consumption of fast food/frozen food, and consumption of supplements. Respondents were more women (83,6%), adult age group (89,1%), higher education (79,1%), work (61,8%), income > IDR 4,000,000 (75,5%). The results of the univariate analysis related to changes in eating habits consist of: changes in eating frequency (69,1%), changes in food portions (56,4%), changes in fruit consumption frequency (61,8% more often), changes in vegetable consumption frequency (63,6% more often), changes in the frequency of snack consumption (more often 74,5%), changes in the frequency of consumption of fast food/frozen food (more often 70%) and consumption of supplements (90,9%). The results of the bivariate analysis are showed that changes in eating frequency were significantly related to income; changes in meal portions were significantly related to education and expenditure; changes in the frequency of vegetable consumption are significantly related to income; changes in snack consumption frequency were significantly related to age, gender, occupation; changes in the frequency of consumption of fast food are significantly related to gender and consumption of supplements was significantly related to age. Suggestions for the research are needed to consistently educate about good and correct food habits so that more people understand and apply them to increase immunity and data collection will be better with direct interviews and fill out the FFQ of the food consumed.
Application of The Multiple Intelligent Level Determination for Interest and Talent Development
Authors: Dewi Renanti Medhanita , Chrisanti Darmawan Anggia
Published: April 2022

This research focused on making applications to determine the dominant multiple intelligences. Everyone has eight different intelligences that reflect different ways of interacting with the world. The dominant multiple intelligence needs to be known so that the child's growth and development is in accordance with his or her talents and interests. Therefore, it is necessary to make an application with tools that have been tested by experts, which can determine the level of intelligence so that the potential of children can be developed. This application was created using the extreme Programming software development method. The reasons for the choice of this method were because the resources to create the application were readily available, the programming was conducted by a small team, and the application development time was short. This application used the PHP and MySQL by displaying a list of 24 questions that had to be filled out by the users. The application testing method used black box testing. The accuracy of the application was 100% from 150 respondents who used this application. The output of this application is a sequence of multiple intelligences owned by users ranging from linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, kinaesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal abilities, and naturalist.
Hypoglycaemic effect ofBawang Dayakextracts (Eleutherine palmifolia(L.) Merr.) on Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: Febrinda Andi Early , Yuliana Nancy Dewi , Wresdiyati Tutik , Astawan Made
Published: April 2022

The Dayak tribe in Kalimantan has long usedbawang dayakas a traditional cure for various degenerative diseases. Previous research showed thatbawang dayakbulb has an active compound that can inhibit the enzyme alpha-glucosidase, known as alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (AGI). Compounds that have such ability has a potential in controlling blood glucose level in diabetes mellitus. This research aims to study the effective dosage of aqueous extract and ethanolic extract ofbawang dayakbulb as an AGI through an oral glucose tolerance test in male Sprague Dawley rats. Experimental rats were divided into 14 groups, 7 for the ethanolic extract test and 7 for the aqueous extract test. The extracts were applied in 5 dosage levels in each test, with acarbose as a drug control and distilled water as a positive control. Data were plotted to determine the area under the curve (AUC). The effective dosage was the lowest dosage that gave a significantly smaller AUC value than the AUC value of the positive control group. The effective dosage forbawang dayakaqueous extract andbawang dayakethanolic extract was 200 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively.
The Impact of Brand Awareness, Brand Association, and Perceived Quality towards Brand Loyalty (A case study of New Product)
Authors: Andik Silvia Dewi Sagita , Rachma Annisa fitri
Published: April 2022

This study examines the effects of brand awareness, brand association, and perceived quality towards brand loyalty of new development products. A total of 30 respondents were given an online questionnaire related to food brand equity (A case study new development product: Yobrow). Linear regression and multiple regression tests were used to test the data and infer the results. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. The results show that perceived quality leads to brand loyalty, brand awareness, brand association and simultaneously impacts brand loyalty. In the context of perceived quality, the consumer will evaluate the product's perceived quality. Perceive quality can give subjective judgment to a consumer's mind. The good quality of the product will increase brand loyalty product.