bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A numerical study of the influence of crystal plasticity modeling parameters on the plastic anisotropy of rolled aluminum sheet
Authors: Kasemer M , Falkinger G , Roters F
Published: September 2020

The production of stamped parts from rolled aluminum sheets requires different tempers and different thermal routes. While the slip and hardening behavior of the alloy strongly depends on the temper and the process temperature, the crystallographic texture remains largely static. Although the plastic anisotropy of rolled sheet is largely a function of the crystallographic texture, a dependency of plastic anisotropy on the temper has been reported for 6xxx series alloys, indicating that slip and hardening behavior have some influence. A systematic investigation of the effect of the slip and hardening behavior on the plastic anisotropy, however, does not exist. In this study, a crystal plasticity fast Fourier transform framework is utilized to predict the r-values, a common measure for plastic anisotropy, of two widely used commercial aluminum alloys possessing different crystallographic textures, AA6016 and AA5182. To investigate the sensitivity of the r-values to changes in the modeling parameters, a suite of simulations is performed in which the modeling parameters are systematically changed, and the resulting changes to the predicted r-values are calculated. Furthermore, numerical parameters, such as the level of discretization and the number of simulated grains are studied. Results indicate that the predicted r-value is less dependent on changes to crystal plasticity modeling parameters than to the initial crystallographic texture. Resulting trends are discussed.
Quantitative characterization of dielectric properties of polymer fibers and polymer composites using electrostatic force microscopy
Authors: Yurchenko Ilya , Jayasekara Anuja S , Cebe Peggy , Staii Cristian
Published: September 2020

We use a new method based on electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) to perform quantitative measurements of the dielectric constants of individual electrospun nanofibers of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA), as well as composite fibers of PLLA with embedded multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-PLLA). The EFM data record the oscillation phase of an atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilever as a function of the AFM tip position. In our experiments the relative dielectric constants ϵ of the sample are measured from the EFM phase shifts vs. the tip-surface separation, according to a simple analytical model describing the tip-surface interactions. We perform a comprehensive study of how the dielectric constant depends on the fiber diameter for both electrospun PLLA and MWCNT/PLLA fiber composites. Our measurements show that EFM can distinguish between dielectric properties of PLLA fibers and fiber composites with different diameters. Dielectric constants of both PLLA and MWCNT-PLLA composite fibers decrease with increasing fiber diameter. In the limit of large fiber diameters (D > 100 nm), we measure dielectric constants in the range: ϵ = 3.4–3.8, similar to the values obtained for unoriented PLLA films: ϵfilm
= 2.4–3.8. Moreover, the dielectric constants of the small diameter MWCNT-PLLA composites are significantly larger than the corresponding values obtained for PLLA fibers. For MWCNT-PLLA nanofiber composites of small diameters (D < 50 nm), ϵ approaches the values measured for neat MWCNT: ϵCN
= 12 ± 2. These results are consistent with a simple fiber structural model that shows higher polarizability of thinner fibers, and composites that contain MWCNTs. The experimental method has a high-resolution for measuring the dielectric constant of soft materials, and is simple to implement on standard atomic force microscopes. This non-invasive technique can be applied to measure the electrical properties of polymers, interphases, and polymer nanocomposites.
Measuring anisotropy of elastic wave velocity with ultrasound imaging and an autofocus method: application to cortical bone
Authors: Renaud Guillaume , Clouzet Pierre , Cassereau Didier , Talmant Maryline
Published: September 2020

This work investigates the feasibility of estimating the parameters of an exact transverse isotropy model in cortical bone. The model describes the anisotropy of the velocity of compressional and shear bulk elastic waves. We propose to achieve this with ultrasound imaging relying on the transmission of unfocused beams and with an autofocus method. The latter is based on the principle that the reconstructed ultrasound image shows optimal quality if the velocity model is correct. The autofocus approach is applied to a composite image of the interface between cortical bone and marrow. It is obtained by incoherent summation of four types of images exploiting four different ray paths in the cortical bone layer, three of them involving mode-converted shear waves. If the parameters of the model are correct, spatial co-localization of the interface appears in the four images. As a result, intensity and sharpness in the composite image are maximal.

The five parameters of the model of transverse isotropy are successfully estimated in a tube made of a bone-mimicking material. The estimates are in good agreement with resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) measurements. The tube thickness is recovered with an error smaller than 0.3%. In vivo results at the forearm of a volunteer are promising, four parameters could be estimated and are in good agreement with ex vivo RUS measurements. Moreover x-ray peripheral computed tomography corroborates the thickness of the cortical bone layer in the ultrasound image. Weak-anisotropy and exact transverse isotropy models provide very close measurements of the thickness of the tube and the radius bone. Thus, we recommend using the model of weak transverse isotropy for real-time anatomical imaging because more computationally efficient. For material characterization however, the model of exact transverse isotropy is preferred because the elastic anisotropy of cortical bone is moderate, rather than weak.
Frequency-dependent analysis of ultrasound apparent absorption coefficient in multiple scattering porous media: application to cortical bone
Authors: Yousefian Omid , Karbalaeisadegh Yasamin , Muller Marie
Published: September 2020

The effect of matrix viscoelastic absorption on frequency-dependent attenuation in porous structures mimicking simplified cortical bone is addressed in this numerical study. An apparent absorption is defined to quantify the difference between total attenuation (resulting from both absorption and scattering) and attenuation exclusively due to scattering. A power-law model is then used to describe the frequency-dependent apparent absorption as a function of pore diameter and density. The frequency response of the porous structures to a Gaussian pulse is studied to determine the frequency range over which the system can be considered linear. The results show that for low scattering regimes (normalized frequency

<

0.80), the system and its apparent absorption can be considered linear. Hence, the total attenuation coefficient results from the summation of scattering and absorption coefficients. However, for highly scattering regimes, the system can no longer be considered linear, as the apparent absorption vs. frequency deviates from a linear trend. As the pore density increases, the apparent absorption coefficient increases as well.
Multidimensional modeling of non-equilibrium plasma generated by a radio-frequency corona discharge
Authors: Cruccolini Valentino , Scarcelli Riccardo , Battistoni Michele , Grimaldi Carlo Nazareno , Dal Re Massimo Augusto , Breden Douglas , Raja Laxminarayan L
Published: September 2020

Low-temperature plasma (LTP) ignition concepts rely on the production of radical and charged species to speed up the onset of combustion in spark-ignition engines. These features are responsible for the superior performance of LTP igniters under extremely dilute combustion operation that is not achievable by conventional spark igniters. Additionally, LTP discharges extend the lifetime of the igniters, due to the avoidance of spark processes. For these reasons, the engine research community and the automotive industry have shown growing interest in this technology in the recent years. As of today, computational fluid-dynamics (CFD) codes typically used by the multi-dimensional engine modeling community do not have reliable models to describe LTP ignition processes. One key missing piece of information is the physical and chemical properties of the plasma and their effect on combustion ignition. Most non-equilibrium plasma simulations reported in literature are based on simplified, canonical geometries, with simple discharge excitation schemes. In this paper we conduct multi-dimensional modeling of the non-equilibrium plasma generated by an application-relevant radio-frequency (RF) corona discharge in air. Three test cases are simulated, characterized by different environmental pressure levels and peak electrode voltage values at room temperature. Streamer penetration, electron number density, atomic oxygen production, and bulk gas temperature distribution in the first 10 sinusoidal pulses are presented and discussed. This model can be used as a key tool for an in-depth understanding of RF-corona discharge for automotive applications and provides the basis for future implementations of dedicated LTP ignition models in CFD codes.
An optoelectronic notch (‘dip’) phenomenon in the heterodyne photocarrier radiometry frequency response of Si wafers: a route to quantitative trap-state dynamic processes in semiconductors
Authors: Song Yaqin , Mandelis Andreas , Melnikov Alexander , Sun Qiming
Published: September 2020

An anomaly was observed in the heterodyne photocarrier radiometry (HePCR) frequency response of Si wafers in the form of a signal amplitude depression (‘dip’) accompanied by a 180° phase transition. This phenomenon resembles an electronic notch filter and was investigated experimentally and theoretically by invoking free-carrier-density-wave (CDW) kinetics in generic semiconductor systems. Both homodyne PCR and HePCR signals were obtained from n- and p-type wafers of different resistivities. Dynamic nonlinear rate-equation models with two bandgap carrier traps were introduced and analytical zeroth and first-order CDW solutions were obtained in the frequency domain. The experimental frequency responses of the HePCR optoelectronic notch phenomenon were found to be in very good agreement with the theory. Characteristic CDW recombination and trap capture and emission characteristic times were obtained and studied as functions of the illuminating laser intensity. The present newly observed HePCR notch phenomenon has revealed a new mechanism of nonlinear contributions due to trap-state-related CDW dynamics in semiconductors superposed on the well-known nonlinear electron-hole recombination interactions that give rise to non-zero HePCR signals. The implications of this notch phenomenon are discussed in terms of its importance in providing physical insights into photocarrier dynamic interactions with traps, leading to identification of active CDW trap-state numbers and precision measurements of their kinetic parameters, carrier capture and emission coefficients, and quantitative trap densities that determine the optoelectronic quality of semiconductors.
Stable two-dimensional soliton complexes in Bose–Einstein condensates with helicoidal spin–orbit coupling
Authors: Kartashov Y V , Sherman E Ya , Malomed B A , Konotop V V
Published: September 2020

We show that attractive two-dimensional (2D) spinor Bose–Einstein condensates with helicoidal spatially periodic spin–orbit coupling (SOC) support a rich variety of stable fundamental solitons and bound soliton complexes. Such states exist with chemical potentials belonging to the semi-infinite gap in the band spectrum created by the periodically modulated SOC. All these states exist above a certain threshold value of the norm. The chemical potential of fundamental solitons attains the bottom of the lowest band, whose locus is a ring in the space of Bloch momenta, and the radius of the non-monotonous function of the SOC strength. The chemical potential of soliton complexes does not attain the band edge. The complexes are bound states of several out-of-phase fundamental solitons whose centers are placed at local maxima of the SOC-modulation phase. In this sense, the impact of the helicoidal SOC landscape on the solitons is similar to that of a periodic 2D potential. In particular, it can compensate repulsive forces between out-of-phase solitons, making their bound states stable. Extended stability domains are found for complexes built of two and four solitons (dipoles and quadrupoles, respectively). They are typically stable below a critical value of the chemical potential.
Electromagnetic trap for polar particles
Authors: Przybylska Maria , Maciejewski Andrzej J , Yaremko Yurij
Published: September 2020

A novel design for an electromagnetic trap is proposed for confinement of neutral particles having a permanent electric dipole moment. The device uses a combination of a sextupole electric and quadrupole magnetic fields superimposed with a strong constant electric field perfectly aligned along the z-axis. We use the extended dipole model to study the dynamics of particle in this position dependent electromagnetic field. The motion of the centre of mass of the dipole is nonlinearly coupled with its rotation. We find three families of particular solutions for which the orbits are periodic or quasiperiodic. They correspond to the particular cases when the whole energy is accumulated in either translational or rotational degrees of freedom. Stability analysis of chosen particular solutions provides trapping conditions. We present several numerical simulations which illustrate trapping and confinement of an electric dipole in the proposed trap. These simulations were performed for three kinds of polar particles and various fields selections. We hope that the proposed model allows experimental physicists to apply a wide variety of non-destructive methods for manipulation, detection and analysis of trapped particles.
An analytical velocity field of spiral tips in reaction–diffusion systems
Authors: Pan De-Bei , Li Bing-Wei , Pan Jun-Ting , Li Qi-Hao , Zhang Hong
Published: September 2020

Spiral waves are ubiquitous in diverse physical, chemical, and biological systems. The tip (phase singularity) of a spiral wave is considered to represent its organizing center. Here, we derive an analytical velocity field of spiral tips based on the variables of a general two-variable reaction–diffusion (RD) equation. From this velocity field, we can predict the velocities of spiral tips at time t as long as the values of the variables are given at that time. Numerical simulations with two-variable RD models are in quantitative agreement with the analytical results. Furthermore, we also demonstrate the velocity field of spiral tips in the Luo–Rudy model for cardiac excitation.
Retraction: Environmental Indicators through Artificial Neural Networks (Journal of Physics: Conference Series
1432 012049)
Authors: Silva Jesús , Naveda Alexa Senior , Palma Hugo Hernández , Núñez William Niebles , Rodríguez Luis Jiménez
Published: September 2020

Published 15 September 2020

This article, and others within this volume, has been retracted by IOP Publishing following clear evidence of plagiarism and citation manipulation.

This work was originally published in Spanish (1) and has been translated and published without permission or acknowledgement to the original authors. IOP Publishing Limited has discovered other papers within this volume that have been subjected to the same treatment. This is scientific misconduct.

Misconduct investigations are ongoing at the author’s institutions. IOP Publishing Limited will update this notice if required once those investigations have concluded. To date, there is no evidence to suggest anyone other than Amelec Viloria / Jesus Silva was directly culpable for the actions that led to retraction.

IOP Publishing Limited request any citations to this article be redirected to the original work (1).

Anyone with any information regarding these papers is requested to contact conferenceseries@ioppublishing.org.
Retraction: Natural Language Explanation Model for Decision Trees (Journal of Physics: Conference Series
1432 012074)
Authors: Silva Jesús , Palma Hugo Hernández , Núñez William Niebles , Ruiz-Lazaro Alex , Varela Noel
Published: September 2020

Published 15 September 2020

This article, and others within this volume, has been retracted by IOP Publishing following clear evidence of plagiarism and citation manipulation.

This work was originally published in Spanish (1) and has been translated and published without permission or acknowledgement to the original authors. IOP Publishing Limited has discovered other papers within this volume that have been subjected to the same treatment. This is scientific misconduct.

Misconduct investigations are ongoing at the author’s institutions. IOP Publishing Limited will update this notice if required once those investigations have concluded. To date, there is no evidence to suggest anyone other than Amelec Viloria / Jesus Silva was directly culpable for the actions that led to retraction.

IOP Publishing Limited request any citations to this article be redirected to the original work (1).

Anyone with any information regarding these papers is requested to contact conferenceseries@ioppublishing.org.
Retraction: Neural Networks for the Web Services Classification (Journal of Physics: Conference Series
1432 012076)
Authors: Silva Jesús , Naveda Alexa Senior , Movilla José Solórzano , Núñez William Niebles , Palma Hugo Hernández
Published: September 2020

Published 15 September 2020

This article, and others within this volume, has been retracted by IOP Publishing following clear evidence of plagiarism and citation manipulation.

This work was originally published in Spanish (1) and has been translated and published without permission or acknowledgement to the original authors. IOP Publishing Limited has discovered other papers within this volume that have been subjected to the same treatment. This is scientific misconduct.

Misconduct investigations are ongoing at the author’s institutions. IOP Publishing Limited will update this notice if required once those investigations have concluded. To date, there is no evidence to suggest anyone other than Amelec Viloria / Jesus Silva was directly culpable for the actions that led to retraction.

IOP Publishing Limited request any citations to this article be redirected to the original work (1).

Anyone with any information regarding these papers is requested to contact conferenceseries@ioppublishing.org.
Nuclear Astrophysics in underground laboratories: the LUNA experiment
Authors: Caciolli Antonio
Published: September 2020

One of the main ingredients of nuclear astrophysics is the knowledge of the thermonuclear reactions responsible for powering the stellar engine and for the synthesis of the chemical elements. At astrophysical energies the cross section of nuclear processes is extremely reduced by the effect of the Coulomb barrier. The low value of cross sections for charged particles prevents their measurement at stellar energies on Earth surface and often extrapolations are needed. The Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics (LUNA) is placed under the Gran Sasso mountain and thanks to the cosmic-ray background reduction provided by its position can investigate cross sections at energies close to the Gamow peak in stellar scenarios. Many crucial reactions involved in hydrogen burning have been measured directly at astrophysical energies with both the LUNA-50kV and the LUNA-400kV accelerators, and this intense work will continue with the installation of a MV machine able to explore helium and carbon burnings. Based on this progress, currently there are efforts in several countries to construct new underground accelerators. In this talk, the typical techniques adopted in underground nuclear astrophysics will be described and the most relevant results achieved by LUNA will be reviewed. The exciting science that can be probed with the new facilities will be highlighted.
Search for second order response of nuclei to isospin probes and their connection to double beta decay
Authors: Cappuzzello F.
Published: September 2020

In order to get quantitative information on neutrino absolute mass scale from the possible measurement of the 0νββ decay half-lives, the knowledge of the Nuclear Matrix Elements (NME) involved in such transitions is mandatory. NMEs are not observables and can only be accessed by theory. However, the many-body nature of the nuclear state involved in the decay, makes this task possible only at approximate level. In this perspective, several experimental approaches have been proposed in the years in order to provide useful information to better constrain the theory. Here a short overview of the role of charge exchange reactions in this scenario is given, with particular emphasis on second order processes, known as Double Charge Exchange (DCE) reactions.
Results on quantum phase transitions within the semimicroscopic algebraic cluster model and extension to deformed clusters
Authors: Lohr-Robles D S , López-Moreno E , Hess P O
Published: September 2020

The properties of quantum phase transitions in the semimicroscopic algebraic cluster model are investigated. The order of the quantum phase transition is shown to depend on the path taken in the parameter space and a novel procedure to obtain the Maxwell set separatrix is discussed. The first steps toward a description of systems of deformed cluster and heavy nuclei are presented.
Agricultural decision making and climate uncertainty in developing countries
Authors: Waldman Kurt B , Todd Peter M , Omar Shahera , Blekking Jordan P , Giroux Stacey A , Attari Shahzeen Z , Baylis Kathy , Evans Tom P
Published: September 2020

In situations of uncertainty, people often make decisions with heuristic shortcuts or decision rules, rather than using computational or logical methods such as optimizing their behavior based on specific goals. The high level of uncertainty and complexity involved in adapting to climate change suggests that heuristics would be commonly used in this context rather than more structured decision methods. Through a systematic review of 137 articles, from 2007–2017 we explore the behavioral and cognitive assumptions used to examine agricultural decision-making related to climate change among farmers in developing countries. We find a strong orientation toward modeling behavior and decision making as a rational utility-maximizing process, despite decades of research demonstrating the prevalence of simpler heuristic choice when facing uncertainty and real-world constraints. Behavioral and cognitive approaches can increase our ability to predict or explain decisions being made in this realm, particularly in terms of how we understand decision making around information processing and risk assessment. In the following review, we highlight articles that have contributed to developing a more realistic decision-making framework for studying this problem on the ground. While there is a burgeoning literature using psychological insights to examine decision making under climate uncertainty, few studies consider the prevalence of simple heuristics, the presence of cognitive biases, and the salience of climate relative to other risk factors.
Observed changes in flood hazard in Africa
Authors: Tramblay Yves , Villarini Gabriele , Zhang Wei
Published: September 2020

Floods represent a major natural hazard in Africa, causing over 27 000 fatalities during the period 1950–2019. Despite its relevance, little is known about changes in flood hazard across this continent due to the lack of long-term high-quality streamflow records. Here we use a newly assembled discharge dataset of African rivers, and provide a long-term comprehensive view of flood hazard across this continent. We show that the annual maximum peak discharge does not exhibit a monotonic pattern, but overall decreasing trends prior to 1980 and increasing trends afterwards, especially in western and southern Africa. Our results indicate that these differing trends can be ascribed to changes in extreme precipitation around 1980. Moreover, these changes in intense precipitation pre/post 1980 are due to increased thunderstorm activity associated with enhanced convective available potential energy and zonal vertical shear driven by cooling temperature trends over western Africa. The changes in flood hazard in southern Africa can be tied to changes in Namibia low-level jet. Therefore, the observed increase in flooding since 1980 suggests that it would be beneficial to improve the monitoring, modeling and communication of flood hazard to reduce the socio-economic impacts of these events.
Complex BPS solitons with real energies from duality
Authors: Fring Andreas , Taira Takano
Published: September 2020

Following a generic approach that leads to Bogomolny–Prasad–Sommerfield (BPS) soliton solutions by imposing self-duality, we investigate three different types of non-Hermitian field theories. We consider a complex version of a logarithmic potential that possess BPS super-exponential kink and antikink solutions and two different types of complex generalizations of systems of coupled sine-Gordon models with kink and antikink solution of complex versions of arctan type. Despite the fact that all soliton solutions obtained in this manner are complex in the non-Hermitian theories we show that they possess real energies. For the complex extended sine-Gordon model we establish explicitly that the energies are the same as those in an equivalent pair of a non-Hermitian and Hermitian theory obtained from a pseudo-Hermitian approach by means of a Dyson map. We argue that the reality of the energy is due to the topological properties of the complex BPS solutions. These properties result in general from modified versions of antilinear CPT symmetries that relate self-dual and an anti-self-dual theories.
Topological classification of excitations in quadratic bosonic systems
Authors: Zhou Zixian , Wan Liang-Liang , Xu Zhi-Fang
Published: September 2020

We investigate the topological classification of excitations in quadratic bosonic systems with an excitation band gap. Time-reversal, charge-conjugation, and parity symmetries in bosonic systems are introduced to realize a ten-fold symmetry classification. We find a specific decomposition of the quadratic bosonic Hamiltonian and use it to prove that each quadratic bosonic system is homotopic to a direct sum of two single-particle subsystems. The topological classification table is thus derived via inheriting from that of Atland–Zirnbauer classes and unique topological phases of bosons are predicted. Finally, concrete topological models are proposed to demonstrate the peculiarity of bosonic excitations.
Submerged breakwater effectiveness based on wave spectrum changes in Panjang Island, Jepara
Authors: Putra T W L , Sugianto D N , Siagian H
Published: September 2020

Jepara government took the initiative to construct submerged breakwaters to reduce wave force. Development planning of submerged breakwater need to analyze the reduction of wave spectrum (H and T) around the breakwaters. On this research we applied two variances of structure. Analysis of wave spectrum used 2D hydro-dynamic mathematical model. Data that has been used for input model there are bathymetry data, wind data along 2009-2019, tide data, and coastline data. Wave height and wave period data was obtained by wind data along 2009-2019 which was calculated using DNS method. Model simulation of wave height and period applied in two formation at 5 wind direction (North, Northeast, East, Southeast, and South). Effectiveness is known by the changes of Hmax and T while passing the structure. Based on simulation model, highest wave height found during southeast wind and reduced after passing the breakwaters. Breakwaters with 4 structure (formation 2) has higher reduction percentage. Incoming wave height values decrease after passing submerged breakwater.
Heavy Metal (As and Hg) contamination of shallow groundwater in the coastal areas of Pati and Rembang, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Rochaddi Baskoro , Sabdono Agus , Zainuri Muhammad
Published: September 2020

The current study aims to assess the contamination level of heavy metal in the shallow aquifer of groundwater in Pati and Rembang coastal areas. The analysis result indicated that arsenic and mercury were detected in the groundwater in the range 0.004 µg L−1 and 0.115-0.310 µg L−1, respectively. Referred to the standard of the heavy metals contents in the consumption water by WHO and Indonesian Water Quality Standard for Ground Water (IWQS), groundwater of coastal areas in Pati and Rembang Regions were polluted by arsenic and mercury. The result has confirmed the existence of arsenic and mercury pollution of some shallow groundwater flow in the coastal areas of Pati and Rembang.
The effect of metal ion Cd(II) concentration on the growth of Spirulina sp. cultured on BG-11 medium
Authors: Mohadi Risfidian , Hermansyah  , Mavala Helpi , Zulkifli Hilda
Published: September 2020

Research on the growth rate of Spirulina sp. carried out in BG-11 medium with UV light intensity of 3000 lux and a temperature of 25 ˚C with the addition of metal ion Cd(II) concentration was carried out. An initial abundance of Spirulina sp. in the medium is 10.103 ind./L with the concentrations of Cd(II) added to the culture medium of 0, 1, 3, and 5 mg/L, respectively. Spirulina sp. growth rate in the control media continued to increase until the exponential phase on the seventh day with growth rate of growth rate of 4.3×103 ind/L/day, while the medium with the addition of Cd(II) with concentrations of 1, 3, and 5 mg/L experienced a decrease in growth rate of 3.9×103 ind/L/day, 3.8×103 ind/L/day, and 0.07×103 ind/L/day, respectively. The concentration of Cd(II) 5 mg/L in the culture medium of Spirulina sp. decreased the growth significantly. So that it can be concluded the potential use of Spirulina sp. as an adsorbent of Cd(II) metal can be effective at concentrations up to 3 mg/L.
Characteristics of Halmahera Eddy and its relation to sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a, and thermocline layer
Authors: Firdaus Ramadhan Muhammad , Nugroho Sugianto Denny , Wirasatriya Anindya , Setiyono Heryoso , Kunarso  , Maslukah Lilik
Published: September 2020

Western equatorial Pacific is a confluence region of the water mass from the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere. One of the interesting phenomena in this region is Halmahera Eddy. The purpose of this research is to investigate the seasonal variability of the Halmahera Eddy on several depths and its relation to the primary productivity using sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a parameters. In addition, this research also investigates the influence of the surface currents of the Halmahera Eddy to the thermocline layer. The results show that the Halmahera Eddy on the surface is affected by several currents in the waters of the Western Pacific Ocean and the monsoon system that is strengthened in the East Monsoon-Transition II (June-October), while weakened by the end of Transition II-West monsoon (November-February), Current Depth of Halmahera Eddy pattern strengthening, weakening, shifting every seasons and the currents weaker along with increasing depth. The primary productivity is identified by chlorophyll-a (0.1-0.15 mg/m3) and warm pool (28-31ºC) in Halmahera sea. Halmahera Eddy also can suppress the thermocline layer.
The effect of periodical estradiol-17β injections with different doses on Java barb (Puntius javanicus) gonadal development
Authors: Yuniarti Tristiana , Basuki Fajar , Hastuti Sri , Agung Nugroho Ristiawan , Fany Shelfiya
Published: September 2020

The aim of research was to determine the effect and the best dosage of estradiol-17β hormone on gonadal development of Java barb (Punctius javanicus). The subjects of this study were 10 months old 48 female (?) Java barb weighing ±200 gram. This research was done experimentally by applying a randomised design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. Dosage treatments used were 0, 100, 200, 300 µg/kg body weight. The data observed include body weight, body length, gonado somatic Index (GSI), Gonado Maturation Stage (GMS), hepato somatic index (HSI), total protein plasma (TPP) and water quality. The results showed that the highest body weight was obtained at treatment C 21.42±1.23 g. The highest body length was on treatment C 1.17±0.18 cm. The highest percentage GSI was at treatment C 14.84±0.79%. Meanwhile, the highest GMS were treatment C and D as all samples reached GMS IV on the 30thday. The highest percentage of HSI was at treatment C 2.25±0.36%. Treatment TTP A ranged 4.2-4.6 gr/dL, B 4.4 - 5.4 gr/dL, C 4.4-5.7 gr/dL, and D 4.5-5.8 gr/dL. The water quality of cultivation media was in the proper range at the temperature 26.5-28°C, DO 3-4,1, and pH 7–8. This research concluded that estradiol-17β injection had a significant effect (P<0.05) on body weight gain, GSI, HSI, yet it has not significant effect on body length. The best treatment is treatment C dose of 200 µg/kg body weight.
Retraction: Bayesian networks applied to climate conditions inside a naturally ventilated greenhouse (IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering
872 012028)
Authors: Silva Jesús , Navarro Evaristo , Varela Noel , Pineda Lezama Omar Bonerge
Published: September 2020

Published 15 September 2020

This article, and others within this volume, has been retracted by IOP Publishing following clear evidence of plagiarism and citation manipulation.

This work was originally published in Spanish (1) and has been translated and published without permission or acknowledgement to the original authors. IOP Publishing Limited has discovered other papers within this volume that have been subjected to the same treatment. This is scientific misconduct.

Misconduct investigations are ongoing at the author’s institutions. IOP Publishing Limited will update this notice if required once those investigations have concluded.

IOP Publishing Limited request any citations to this article be redirected to the original work (1).

Anyone with any information regarding these papers is requested to contact conferenceseries@ioppublishing.org.
Retraction: Solving the problem of optimizing wind farm design using genetic algorithms (IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering
872 012029)
Authors: Viloria Amelec , Lobo Hugo Nuñez , Pineda Lezama Omar Bonerge
Published: September 2020

Published 15 September 2020

This article, and others within this volume, has been retracted by IOP Publishing following clear evidence of plagiarism and citation manipulation.

This work was originally published in Spanish (1) and has been translated and published without permission or acknowledgement to the original authors. IOP Publishing Limited has discovered other papers within this volume that have been subjected to the same treatment. This is scientific misconduct.

Misconduct investigations are ongoing at the author’s institutions. IOP Publishing Limited will update this notice if required once those investigations have concluded.

IOP Publishing Limited request any citations to this article be redirected to the original work (1).

Anyone with any information regarding these papers is requested to contact conferenceseries@ioppublishing.org.
Increase in efficiency of high-viscosity fluid transportation on the facilities of FEC
Authors: Dolgova A N , Akhmerov A V , Osipov A L , Snigireva Yu V , Dudarovskaya O G , Karataeva E S
Published: September 2020

The thermal method of increasing the efficiency of high-viscosity fluid transportation is considered, using the example of M100 fuel oil. The graphical dependences of the dynamic fluid viscosity on the temperature, the kinematic viscosity on the consumption of a heating steam and on the power of heating pads provided that high-viscosity fluid is heated, as well as the Prandtl number on the heat output of a heater, are obtained.
Comparative efficiency of pipeline heat-insulating materials
Authors: Dolgova A N , Yunak S A , Rudenko A S , Haibullina A I , Karataeva E S
Published: September 2020

The paper considers the problem of reducing heat losses in the heat supply systems of the FEC facilities (fuel and energy complex) due to the the use of heat insulation of the pipelines. A comparative analysis of heat insulation of the heat lines: PUF (polyurethane foam), mineral wool, foam rubber, ultrathin heat insulation of the mark “Corund”. The graphical dependences of heat losses and the efficiency factor of heat insulation on a diameter the pipelines are obtained.
How the radius of the screw insert core influences the flow behavior of the polymer solution
Authors: Kadyirov A I , Karaeva J V , Zdor V O , Khusnutdinova E M
Published: September 2020

In this paper the authors studied the 3-dimensional flow behavior of the polymer solution in the screw barrel. Numerical simulation was performed in the COMSOL Multiphysics® suite. An aqueous solution of polyacrylamide was regarded as a specific liquid. Demonstrated that, with a decrease in the gap between the outer tube and the screw insert core, the profile of the axial component of the velocity vector is aligned over the entire barrel crosssection, except for the region adjacent to the screw ribs.
Innovations in the management system of industrial enterprise to improve the efficiency of its activities
Authors: Kuzmina I A , Khafizov I I
Published: September 2020

The modern competitive advantages of enterprises increasingly depend on the ability of employees to develop and implement innovations, and not on the degree of ownership of material assets and capital resources, which is the basis of economic growth based on scientific and technological progress and leads to an expanded attraction of investment in intellectual capital. Innovation activity is the basis for the development of industrial enterprises, and also makes it possible to increase the competitive advantages.
CdS-coated thin plastic films for visible-light photocatalysis
Authors: McNeill Aaron , Mills Andrew
Published: September 2020

The preparation of a visible light-absorbing, very thin (2.5 μm), flexible CdS nanoparticle coated polystyrene (PS) film, CdS-PS, with a 3D-printed backing is described. Scanning electron microscopy confirms that the CdS-PS film comprise a thin layer of CdS nanoparticles (26 ± 4 nm) on just one side of the PS film, with no nanoparticles on the other side. When irradiated with 420 nm or 365 nm radiation, in air-saturated water, the CdS film is photobleached, and dissolved O2 consumed, due to the photoinduced oxidative corrosion of the CdS by O2. In contrast, under the same aerobic conditions, the CdS-PS film is very stable, when a sacrificial electron donor (SED) is present, such as EDTA or ascorbate/ascorbic acid, with the latter appearing the most effective. In the presence of an SED, the CdS-PS film photocatalyses the reduction of the dyes, methyl orange and crystal violet, and the electron-relay, methyl viologen, by different SEDs, using visible and UV light. In the photocatalysed reduction of methyl viologen by EDTA, colloidal Pt reacts with the highly coloured blue methyl viologen radicals generated to produce H2. Visible light irradiation of the CdS-PS/MV2+/EDTA/colloidal Pt system promotes the reduction of water to H2 by the SED, EDTA, mediated by methyl viologen. A colourless, TiO2-PS film, made using P25 TiO2, is used to effect the same photocatalytic reduction reactions as the CdS-PS film, but only when irradiated with UV (365 nm) radiation. In both cases the films are used repeatedly with no evidence of deterioration in activity or film stability. This is the first example of the preparation and testing of a visible light absorbing photocatalytic, i.e. CdS, thin plastic film, the preparation of which is very simple and inexpensive and may prove invaluable for the production of thin, flexible plastic photocatalytic films for solar research.
Faber and Grunsky operators corresponding to bordered Riemann surfaces
Authors: Shirazi Mohammad
Published: September 2020

LetR\mathfrak {R}be a compact Riemann surface of finite genusg>0\mathfrak {g}>0and letΣ\Sigmabe the subsurface obtained by removingn≥1n\geq 1simply connected regionsΩ1+,…,Ωn+\Omega _1^+, \dots , \Omega _n^+fromR\mathfrak {R}with non-overlapping closures. Fix a biholomorphismfkf_kfrom the unit disc ontoΩk+\Omega _k^+for eachkkand letf=(f1,…,fn)\mathbf {f}=(f_1, \dots , f_n). We assign a Faber and a Grunsky operator toR\mathfrak {R}andf\mathbf {f}when all the boundary curves ofΣ\Sigmaare quasicircles inR\mathfrak {R}. We show that the Faber operator is a bounded isomorphism and the norm of the Grunsky operator is strictly less than one for this choice of boundary curves. A characterization of the pull-back of the holomorphic Dirichlet space ofΣ\Sigmain terms of the graph of the Grunsky operator is provided.
The Course of Cognitive Performance during Inpatient Treatment in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder with No, Mild or Major Neurocognitive Disorders
Authors: Bruijnen C J W H , Walvoort S J W , Dijkstra B A G , de Jong C A J , Kessels R P C
Published: September 2020

Aims

In patients with a history of chronic alcohol abuse, neurocognitive disorders (NCD) are not uncommon. The current study aimed to explore the course of cognitive performance, as measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and everyday cognitive functioning, as measured by the Patient Competency Rating Scale (PCRS), in a large group of patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) admitted to the Center of Excellence for Korsakov and Alcohol-related Cognitive Impairments.

Methods

A multiple time-series design was used, in which the MoCA was administered at three time points of assessment, and the PCRS was completed by both the patient and a clinician at two time points, all during clinical treatment.

Results

A total of 524 patients were included, 71 of whom were diagnosed with AUD only, 284 with AUD and mild NCD (ARCI) and 169 with AUD, major NCD and fulfilling criteria for Korsakoff’s syndrome (KS).

Conclusions

Cognitive performance improved for all three groups during treatment, sustained abstinence and recovery from AUD. A low memory performance on the MoCA without improvement over time was predictive for KS, while improvement on this domain did not differentiate between AUD and ARCI. Changes in overall cognitive performance and orientation in patients with KS were positively related to changes in everyday cognitive functioning.
Patterns of intraspecific trait variation along an aridity gradient suggest both drought escape and drought tolerance strategies in an invasive herb
Authors: Welles Shana R , Funk Jennifer L
Published: September 2020

Background and Aims

In water-limited landscapes, some plants build structures that enable them to survive with minimal water (drought resistance). Instead of making structures that allow survival through times of water limitation, annual plants may invoke a drought escape strategy where they complete growth and reproduction when water is available. Drought escape and resistance each require a unique combination of traits and therefore plants are likely to have a suite of trait values that are consistent with a single drought response strategy. In environments where conditions are variable, plants may additionally evolve phenotypically plastic trait responses to water availability. Invasive annual species commonly occur in arid and semi-arid environments and many will be subject to reduced water availability associated with climate change. Assessing intraspecific trait variation across environmental gradients is a valuable tool for understanding how invasive plants establish and persist in arid environments.

Methods

In this study, we used a common garden experiment with two levels of water availability to determine how traits related to carbon assimilation, water use, biomass allocation and flowering phenology vary in California wild radish populations across an aridity gradient.

Key Results

We found that populations from arid environments have rapid flowering and increased allocation to root biomass, traits associated with both drought escape and tolerance. Early flowering was associated with higher leaf nitrogen concentration and lower leaf mass per area, traits associated with high resource acquisition. While trait values varied across low- and high-water treatments, these shifts were consistent across populations, indicating no differential plasticity across the aridity gradient.

Conclusions

While previous studies have suggested that drought escape and drought resistance are mutually exclusive drought response strategies, our findings suggest that invasive annuals may employ both strategies to succeed in novel semi-arid environments. As many regions are expected to become more arid in the future, investigations of intraspecific trait variation within low water environments help to inform our understanding of potential evolutionary responses to increased aridity in invasive species.
Plumage patterns: Ecological functions, evolutionary origins, and advances in quantification
Authors: Mason Nicholas A , Bowie Rauri C K
Published: September 2020

Birds exhibit remarkable variation in plumage patterns, both within individual feathers and among plumage patches. Differences in the size, shape, and location of pigments and structural colors comprise important visual signals involved in mate choice, social signaling, camouflage, and many other functions. While ornithologists have studied plumage patterns for centuries, recent technological advances in digital image acquisition and processing have transformed pattern quantification methods, enabling comprehensive, detailed datasets of pattern phenotypes that were heretofore inaccessible. In this review, we synthesize recent and classic studies of plumage patterns at different evolutionary and organismal scales and discuss the various roles that plumage patterns play in avian biology. We dissect the role of plumage patches as signals within and among species. We also consider the evolutionary history of plumage patterns, including phylogenetic comparative studies and evolutionary developmental research of the genetic architecture underlying plumage patterns. We also survey an expanding toolbox of new methods that characterize and quantify the size, shape, and distribution of plumage patches. Finally, we provide a worked example to illustrate a potential workflow with dorsal plumage patterns among subspecies of the Horned Lark (Eremophila alpestris) in western North America. Studies of plumage patterning and coloration have played a prominent role in ornithology thus far, and recent methodological and conceptual advances have opened new avenues of research on the ecological functions and evolutionary origins of plumage patterns in birds.
Drug–drug similarity measure and its applications
Authors: Huang Lan , Luo Huimin , Li Suning , Wu Fang-Xiang , Wang Jianxin
Published: September 2020

Drug similarities play an important role in modern biology and medicine, as they help scientists gain deep insights into drugs’ therapeutic mechanisms and conduct wet labs that may significantly improve the efficiency of drug research and development. Nowadays, a number of drug-related databases have been constructed, with which many methods have been developed for computing similarities between drugs for studying associations between drugs, human diseases, proteins (drug targets) and more. In this review, firstly, we briefly introduce the publicly available drug-related databases. Secondly, based on different drug features, interaction relationships and multimodal data, we summarize similarity calculation methods in details. Then, we discuss the applications of drug similarities in various biological and medical areas. Finally, we evaluate drug similarity calculation methods with common evaluation metrics to illustrate the important roles of drug similarity measures on different applications.