bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FENOFASE BUNGA Sarcotheca macrophylla Blume (Oxalidaceae) DAN INTERAKSINYA DENGAN FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN DI KEBUN RAYA BOGOR
Authors: Triadiati  , Darmawan Adi , Astuti Inggit Puji
Published: March 2022

Sarcotheca macrophylla Blume Yang dikenal dengan nama kerumbai merah merupakan tumbuhan endemik Borneo anggota suku Oxalidaceae. Buah dari tumbuhan ini dapat dimakan dan masyarakat Dayak Kenyah di Kutai Barat, Kalimantan Timur memanfaatkannya sebagai sampo. Kajian mengenai taksonomi jenis ini telah dilaporkan, namun kajian mengenai fenofase dan fenologi pembungaan belum pernah ditemukan dalam pustaka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan proses pembungaan dan faktor lingkungan yang memengaruhi perkembangan bunga S. macrophylla. Pengamatan deskriptif dari fase perkembangan bunga dan faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhinya dilakukan di Kebun Raya Bogor. S. macrophylla memiliki waktu inisiasi pembungaan selama 30 hari. Fase kuncup kecil bunga tunggal berlangsung selama 6 hari. Fase kuncup besar terjadi selama 12 hari. Fase antesis memerlukan waktu selama 1–2 hari. Perkembangan buah membutuhkan waktu selama 36–40 hari. Faktor biotik yang diduga berpengaruh pada proses pembungaan adalah suhu udara. Faktor biotik yang mempengaruhi pembuahan S. macrophylla adalah kunjungan serangga dari Hymenoptera, Curculionidae, Mitidae, dan Cicadellidae.
IMPATIENS (BALSAMINACEAE) DIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION STATUS IN MOUNT SINGGALANG, WEST SUMATRA
Authors: Utami Nanda , Tihurua Eka Fatmawati
Published: March 2022

Four species of Impatiens were collected from Mt. Singgalang, West Sumatra, Indonesia, namely I. singgalangensis Grey-Wilson, I. buennemeijeri Grey-Wilson, I. delectans Rild., and I. diepenhorstii Miq., of which the last three were collected in this mountain for the first time. I. buennemeijeri where previously reported to be endemic to Mt. Malintang, Likewise, I. delectans and I. diepenhorstii were reported as Mt. Kerinci endemics but are successfully collected here in the forests of Mt. Singgalang. Here descriptions, illustrations, and preliminary conservation status of those species are provided.
PENILAIAN KESEHATAN 12 POHON IKONIS DAN BERNILAI SEJARAH DI KEBUN RAYA BOGOR
Authors: Rachmadiyanto Arief Noor , Hariri Muhammad Rifqi , Primananda Enggal , Suhatman Agus , Kuswara Ucu
Published: March 2022

Konservasi ex situ merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi keterancaman dan kepunahan jenis tumbuhan di habitat alamnya. Kebun Raya Bogor merupakan lembaga konservasi ex situ yang memiliki koleksi pohon ikonis dan bernilai sejarah yang perlu dijaga kelestariannya. Penilaian kesehatan pohon merupakan teknik untuk mengidentifikasi kesehatannya, memberikan rekomendasi, dan mitigasi penanganannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai kesehatan 12 pohon ikonis dan bernilai sejarah koleksi Kebun Raya Bogor. Survei lapangan menggunakan metode purposive sampling pada pohon yang dikategorikan sebagai pohon ikonis dan bernilai sejarah. Teknik Penilaian kesehatan pohon dilakukan menggunakan dua cara yaitu secara visual (Forest Health Monitoring) dan teknologi gelombang suara sonic tomograph untuk mendeteksi tingkat pelapukan batang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status kesehatan pohon ikonis dan bernilai sejarah termasuk kategori sehat (67%), kelas kerusakan ringan (25%), kelas kerusakan sedang (8%) dengan nilai rata-rata t/R ratio sebesar 0,82. Keseluruhan pohon dikategorikan aman, kecuali Koompassia excelsa dalam kondisi berbahaya (t/R ratio 0,28). Rekomendasi penanganan pohon ikonis dan bernilai sejarah adalah pengamatan rutin menggunakan metode visual (durasi 1–2 bulan) dan pengamatan menggunakan Sonic tomograph setiap tahunnya.
Use of Set Shaping theory in the development of locally testable codes
Authors: Kozlov Solomon
Published: March 2022

Abstract: in developing locally testable codes, information is added to the coded message by creating redundancy in the codewords. In this article, we propose an alternative method in which redundancy is introduced on the message that must be transmitted before its encoding and not in the codewords. This approach exploits the Set Shaping Theory whose goal is the study
the bijection functions
f(X)=Y that transform a set of strings into a set of equal size made up of strings of greater length. In this way, this type of function transforms the independent variable
x into the dependent variable
y whose emission probability is conditioned by the previously emitted variables. Thus, if the decoder decodes a symbol associated with a conditional probability equal to zero, we detect an error in the message. If the function
f used is the one that minimizes the average information content, we develop a code that can be tested efficiently. In fact, it is observed, in terms of compression, that the greater length of the strings is compensated by the fact of having chosen the strings with less entropy.
Application of Bumpers in Different Types of Railway Vehicles: A Short Review
Authors: Etri Hamza El , Korkmaz Mehmet Erdi , Gupta Munish Kumar
Published: March 2022

In order to avoid traffic problems in developed countries, railway vehicles play an important role. Passengers, railway workers, goods, cargo utilization, and dangerous materials are being transferred using various railway vehicles, and each vehicle is designed for a specific manner. Such vehicles include different locomotives that work on either electric or diesel power, in addition to different wagons and carriages attached to these locomotives (passenger wagons, sleeping wagons, freight wagons, and several other types, etc.). Railway vehicles run on railroad tracks, these tracks are designed and maintained by specific machines (diagnostic machines, road renewal machines, ballast screening, tamping and regulating machines, etc.). Several methods are applied when coupling wagons or carriages to each other (automatic coupling, semi-automatic traction, and hook clutch drawbar) depending on vehicle type and function. Railroad vehicles are considered a safe transportation system compared to other systems because they use buffers and bumpers to ensure safety. This paper mounts a minor review of railway vehicles, machines used to make railroads, coupling systems, bumpers and, buffers used to ensure railway vehicle’s safety, and also focuses on the previous studies conducted to enhance such bumpers and lessen collision effects.
Diagnostic uncertainty in musculoskeletal pain: Implications for physiotherapy education
Authors:   School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia, Forbes Roma , Toloui-Wallace Joshua
Published: March 2022

Background: Diagnostic uncertainty in musculoskeletal pain presents as a frequent and challenging dilemma encountered by physiotherapists. Current literature indicates that diagnostic uncertainty impacts the clinical decision making of experienced and new graduate physiotherapists, highlighting a need for training and support in this space. Aim: This paper outlines considerations for diagnostic uncertainty in the management of musculoskeletal pain. It outlines five key strategies to help student and novice physiotherapists experiencing and navigating diagnostic uncertainty when managing individuals with musculoskeletal pain. These strategies include looking critically at diagnostic certainty; recognising and normalising uncertainty; utilising direct practice and authentic experiences, and Balint groups as a strategy for sharing. Conclusion: New graduate physiotherapists frequently experience diagnostic uncertainty in the management of musculoskeletal pain. There is a need to focus on acknowledging and managing diagnostic uncertainty in physiotherapy education and workplace support to address the ethical and emotional reactions associated with uncertainty. Physiotherapy educators and professionals can lead by example, acknowledging and sharing uncertainty and exploring this with students.
Utilization of Non-Wood Forest Products as a Basis for Poverty Alleviation and Sustainable Community Development in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of South China
Authors: Feng Haying , Squires Victor
Published: March 2022

This paper with its focus on southwest China with special reference to Guangxi Autonomous region (GZAR) has a threefold contribution to the existing literature. First, it summarizes the salient features of the geography and the determinants of poverty among the various regions of GZAR. Second, we draw attention to land use and land cover change over recent decades and their implications. The nature and extent of natural forest and woodlands, from which most non-wood forest products are derived, and eucalyptus plantations that are a major source of revue for GZAR are summarized. Third, policy syndromes in relation to livelihoods, poverty alleviation policies, ecosystem and biodiversity conservation are examined and policy implications discussed.  This paper does not aim to provide definitive answers, yet intends to scrutinize the data and re-examine the trends in the light of three key drivers (population increase, climate change and urbanization) This will be done mainly by reviewing the literature but augmented by our field work.  There is an attempt to reach a conclusion about recent developments and make suggestions about counter-measures that could be implemented.
Effect of phytoneering remedy BNO 2103 on the course of experimental exudative inflammation caused by different phlogogens
Authors: Chernykh V. V. , Zupanets I. A. , Shebeko S. K.
Published: March 2022

Kidney and urinary tract diseases play an important role in the disease distribution in most countries of the world. The pharmaceutical industry offers many means for the treatment and prevention of these diseases, but there is a trending tendency to pay more attention to herbal medicines, their empirical application and scientific study.
The aim of this research is to study anti-inflammatory properties of standardized herbal composition BNO 2103 in a model of paw inflammation in rats caused by different phlogogens to justify the use of it in the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Materials and methods. The experimental study was performed using 90 male white outbreed rats weighing 150–200 g, which were divided into 3 series of 30 animals each, each series included 3 groups. Inflammation of the paw was induced by subplantar administration of phlogogens – zymosan, histamine and serotonin. The study agent and the reference drug, diclofenac sodium, were administered intragastrically (i. g.) once. Edema was observed and recorded, and anti-inflammatory activity (AIA) was assessed in 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 6.0 hours after phlogogen injection.
Results. BNO 2103 showed a remarkable anti-exudative effect in the model of zymosan and histamine edema, being significantly superior to diclofenac sodium. In the serotonin edema model, BNO 2103 was significantly superior to the comparator by the endpoints, showing the moderate but prolonged anti-exudative effect.
Conclusions. BNO 2103 has the significant anti-inflammatory effect, exerting an inhibitory effect on exudative inflammation caused by various phlogogens (zymosan, histamine, serotonin), mainly acting on the lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid conversion, which is most likely due to the presence of flavonoids. This allows us to consider BNO 2103 as a promising drug for the treatment of CKD.
Effect of eplerenone on aldosterone and von Willebrand factor levelsin patients with myocardial infarction and chronic kidney disease
Authors: Tashchuk V. K. , Polianska O. S. , Hulaha O. I.
Published: March 2022

Aim: to study the levels of aldosterone and von Willebrand factor (VWF) in patients with Q-wave acute myocardial infarction (Q-AMI) and underling chronic kidney disease (CKD) using aldosterone antagonists.
Materials and methods. The study group consisted of 106 patients with renal dysfunction who were hospitalized for acute Q-AMI. Serum levels of neurohumoral parameters (aldosterone and VWF) were determined in all the patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
Results. Reduction in the aldosterone levels was found in patients with Q-AMI and stage 2 CKD from 245.08 ± 17.38 pmol/l to 195.15 ± 13.82 pmol/l (P < 0.05;) who received spironolactone and from 275.59 ± 23.43 to 169.37 ± 24.46 pmol/l (P < 0.001) with eplerenone usage. Patients with stage 1 CKD showed a decreasing trend in aldosterone levels when using spironolactone (from 238.04 ± 20.37 pmol/l to 200.78 ± 9.15 pmol/l), and significantly decreased aldosterone levels when receiving eplerenone (from 229.77 ± 13.76 pmol/l to 156.76 ± 5.76 pmol/l; P < 0.05). The serum concentration of VWF in stage 2 CKD patients was changed insignificantly on spironolactone therapy (from 0.99 ± 0.13 mg/l to 1.13 ± 0.06 mg/l) and it was significantly decreased in the eplerenone group – from 1.29 ± 0.19 mg/l to 0.71 ± 0.14 mg/l (P < 0.05). In stage 1 CKD patients, the concentration of VWF was not decreased significantly with the use of spironolactone (from 1.22 ± 0.13 mg/l to 1.03 ± 0.06 mg/l), but it was decreased significantly when receiving eplerenone (from 1.14 ± 0.09 mg/l to 0.79 ± 0.08 mg/l; P < 0.05). The data obtained indicate the significantly higher probability of declining both aldosterone (t = 2.91; P < 0.01) and VWF (t = 2.59; P < 0.01) with the use of eplerenone in the complex treatment as compared to the spironolactone administration.
Conclusions. The effect of eplerenone to decrease the concentration of aldosterone and VWF is significantly greater than that of spironolactone, especially in AMI patients with stage 2 CKD.
Correlation between circulating microRNA and lipid indicesin patients with ischemic heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Serik S. A. , Serdobinska-Kanivets E. М. , Bondar T. М.
Published: March 2022

The aim of the study was to investigate circulating miRNAs-27a, -221 levels and their correlations with lipid indices in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Materials and methods. The study included 58 patients with stable IHD and type 2 diabetes mellitus, 22 IHD patients without diabetes and 19 healthy controls. MicroRNAs-27a-3р and 221-3р were determined in blood plasma by real time polymerase chain reaction. U6 small nuclear RNA was used for normalization.
Results. The lowest levels of circulating miRNAs-27a and -221 were in IHD patients with diabetes. The decrease in the levels of both microRNAs in patients with diabetes was significant not only in comparison with the control group (P = 0.024, P = 0.006), but also with patients without diabetes (P = 0.011, P = 0.001). In IHD patients without diabetes, microRNAs-27a and -221 levels did not change significantly. In IHD patients with diabetes, microRNA-221 showed a significant positive correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (R = 0.382, P = 0.003). MicroRNA-27a was correlated negatively with triglycerides (TG) (R = -0.284, P = 0.051) and positively – with HDL-C (R = 0.257, P = 0.078) at a borderline significance level. The lower level of microRNA-27a (the 1st tertile) was associated with significantly increased TG level in comparison with the 3rd tertile (P = 0.004), and significantly decreased HDL-C level in comparison with the 2nd (P = 0.001) and the 3rd (P = 0.023) tertiles. Patients with lower microRNA-221 level (the 1st tertile) had significantly reduced HDL-C level in comparison with the 3rd tertile(P = 0.007).
Conclusions. The results have demonstrated the significant decrease in circulating microRNAs-27a and -221 levels in IHD patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and no change in both microRNAs in patients without diabetes. In IHD patients with diabetes, the lower expression of microRNA-27a was associated with the significant elevation of TG and the significant decrease in HDL-C. The lower microRNA-221 level was associated only with the significant decrease in HDL-C.
Study by GC-MS method of Thymus x citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. var. “Silver Queen” extracts component composition
Authors: Steshenko Ya. M. , Mazulin O. V.
Published: March 2022

The Thyme L. genus is quite common in Ukraine, herbal extracts are part of many effective herbal medicinal products that are widely used in modern phytocosmetology. Today, genus Thymus x citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. var. “Silver Queen” is poorly studied but promising in terms of sufficient raw material base and BAS. Therefore, the GC-MS method of designating the component of the extract from herb splint is relevant.
The aim of the work is to determine by the GC-MS method of the component alcohol extracts (1:10) compositions of Thymus x citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. var. “Silver Queen” herbs from Ukrainian flora.
Materials and methods. For the experimental studies, we used alcoholic extracts of Thymus х citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. var. “Silver Queen” from herbs (1:10) harvested from Ukrainian flora. The component composition of extracts was analyzed using an Agilent 7890B gas chromatography with 5977B a mass – spectrometric detector.
Results. By the GC-MS method were revealed up to 63 compounds. Two compounds were not identified. It is important to note, that seven biologically active compounds were revealed in a concentration over 5 %: oleic acid (10.35 ± 1.42 %), caryophyllene oxide (9.62 ± 0.97 %), matricarin (7.59 ± 0.86 %), trans-citral (6.35 ± 0.75 %), β-bisabolene (6.15 ± 0.75 %), thymol (5.46 ± 0.70 %).
Conclusions. Taking into account by GC-MS method, it can be concluded that the studied species is relevant for further phytochemical study.
Biological features of new 1,2,4-triazole derivatives (a literature review)
Authors: Ohloblina M. V.
Published: March 2022

Modern chemistry of 1,2,4-triazoles is in need of the search for more rational ways of synthesizing biologically active substances. To date, a number of attractive alternatives to the classical methods for the synthesis of potentially biologically active derivatives among 1,2,4-triazoles are known. The above mentioned compounds demonstrate antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral activity, etc. Based on the results of literary sources generalization, a promising direction of scientific research was chosen.
The aim of this work is to determine the direction of modern organic synthesis, clearly indicating the possibility of various chemical modeling of 1,2,4-triazoles and the peculiarities of using their derivatives.
Materials and methods. The following methods were used in the work: synthetic, analytical, information retrieval, descriptive, generalization. The materials for the study comprised literary sources containing information on the relevance and prospects for further chemical modeling of 1,2,4-triazole.
Results. A search, analysis and generalization of attractive alternatives to classical methods for the synthesis of potentially biologically active derivatives among 1,2,4-triazoles was carried out. Based on the study of a large amount of information and patent search over the past 10 years, about 700 sources of information have been found. They highlight the work of scientific teams from around the world devoted to screening studies of the antibacterial activity of new 3-aryl-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazoles and tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide; search for a number of new compounds among 4,5-diphenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols with pronounced antibacterial activity against S. aureus and antifungal activity against Candida albicans; identification of new candidates among thiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazol-5(6H)-one molecules with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity; bringing moderate antimicrobial and fairly high antifungal activity of the above compounds.
Conclusions. Processing, elements of systematization, comparison and generalization of modern information sources indicate rather high rates of biological activity of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives.
Chromato-mass spectrometric study of valerian infusion with various extractants
Authors: Odyntsova V. M. , Korniievska V. H. , Panchenko S. V. , Korniievskyi Yu. I. , Kokitko V. I.
Published: March 2022

Valerian Officinalis (Valeriana officinalis L.s.p.) is a collective species in Ukraine. It contains 13 species, including in the south of Ukraine grows valerian (V. stolonifera Czern.). At the present stage, it is confirmed that the calming and antispasmodic properties of valerian raw materials are due to the content of valepotriates, sesquiterpenoids and aromatic substances, in particular eugenol derivatives. That is why in many countries around the world a number of drugs have been created on their basis.
The aim of our research is to determine the component composition of tinctures of tinctures of V. stolonifera Czern. made of 70 % alcohol and methanol using gas chromatography.
Materials and methods. Raw materials (underground organs) Valerianae radices were harvested in March 2020 in Zaporizhzhia, Kantserivska Balka. Valerian tincture was prepared from fresh raw materials according to the method of making tinctures. The tincture was investigated on a gas chromatograph Agilent 7890B with mass spectrometric detector 5977B. The NIST14 mass spectrum library was used to identify the components.
Results. 77 components were identified by gas chromatography in methanolic tincture of V. stolonifera Czern. roots, 13 components were isolated quantitatively. In the analysis of the chromatogram and the characteristic of the area of the peaks of the alcoholic tincture of V. stolonifera Czern. roots, 78 components were identified, 11 components were isolated quantitatively. At the comparative characteristic of chromatograms 39 components coincide. Of the main components, the largest content is: 13.413 RT methanolic 1(2H)-Naphthalenone, octahydro-4a,8a-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-, [4aR-(4a.α.,7.β.,8a.α.)] – 5.34 % 13.414 RT alcohol – 8.41 %; 11.943 RT methanolic Myrtenyl isovalerate – 3.88 %; 11,942 RT alcohol – 5.15 %; 15.362 RT methanolic Kessanyl acetate – 2.52 %; 15.360 RT Kessanyl acetate alcohol – 1.41 %.
Conclusions. It was seen that valerian tinctures with methanol and alcohol extractant differ in both quantitative and qualitative composition analyzing the obtained data of gas chromatography. 39 Compounds were present in all tinctures; three of them were present in large quantities. According to the results of the study, data have been obtained that show that the best indicators of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the tincture of V. stolonifera Czern. were obtained using the extractant 70 % alcohol.
Glass and faience in the territory of Poland in the 2nd–1st millennium BC: production technology, origin and incoming directions
Authors: Purowski Tomasz
Published: March 2022

Finds of vitreous material from Poland are proof of the long-distance trade routes that passed through the region in the 2nd–1st millennium BC. Faience beads produced in central Europe are known from the Early Bronze Age. Objects made of glass melted in Mesopotamia, Egypt and the Alpine region broadly considered made their way into Polish territory from the Bronze Age II. In the Bronze Age II–III faience beads of Mycenaean and Egyptian provenience are encountered on rare occasions. Glassy faience, made in Italy or the Alpine region, was the most common during the Hallstatt C period.

The leader in trading glassy material products in Europe from the BA II–III to the La Tène B period was the Alpine region (especially region of northern Italy). The initial aim of mediating in the transfer to the north of faience and glass beads of Eastern Mediterranean origin grew to include also distribution of products of local production. Artifacts of northern Black Sea provenance started streaming into central Europe in the Hallstatt D, whereas in the La Tène C the Danubian Celtic workshops took over as the primary dealers of the glass jewelry that they produced.
Thoracic VGluT2+Spinal Interneurons Regulate Structural and Functional Plasticity of Sympathetic Networks after High-Level Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Noble Benjamin T. , Brennan Faith H. , Wang Yan , Guan Zhen , Mo Xiaokui , Schwab Jan M. , Popovich Phillip G.
Published: March 2022

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) above the major spinal sympathetic outflow (T6 level) disinhibits sympathetic neurons from supraspinal control, causing systems-wide “dysautonomia.” We recently showed that remarkable structural remodeling and plasticity occurs within spinal sympathetic circuitry, creating abnormal sympathetic reflexes that exacerbate dysautonomia over time. As an example, thoracic VGluT2+spinal interneurons (SpINs) become structurally and functionally integrated with neurons that comprise the spinal–splenic sympathetic network and immunological dysfunction becomes progressively worse after SCI. To test whether the onset and progression of SCI-induced sympathetic plasticity is neuron activity dependent, we selectively inhibited (or excited) thoracic VGluT2+interneurons using chemogenetics. New data show that silencing VGluT2+interneurons in female and male mice with a T3 SCI, using hM4Di designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (GiDREADDs), blocks structural plasticity and the development of dysautonomia. Specifically, silencing VGluT2+interneurons prevents the structural remodeling of spinal sympathetic networks that project to lymphoid and endocrine organs, reduces the frequency of spontaneous autonomic dysreflexia (AD), and reduces the severity of experimentally induced AD. Features of SCI-induced structural plasticity can be recapitulated in the intact spinal cord by activating excitatory hM3Dq-DREADDs in VGluT2+interneurons. Collectively, these data implicate VGluT2+excitatory SpINs in the onset and propagation of SCI-induced structural plasticity and dysautonomia, and reveal the potential for neuromodulation to block or reduce dysautonomia after severe high-level SCI.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn response to stress or dangerous stimuli, autonomic spinal neurons coordinate a “fight or flight” response marked by increased cardiac output and release of stress hormones. After a spinal cord injury (SCI), normally harmless stimuli like bladder filling can result in a “false” fight or flight response, causing pathological changes throughout the body. We show that progressive hypertension and immune suppression develop after SCI because thoracic excitatory VGluT2+spinal interneurons (SpINs) provoke structural remodeling in autonomic networks within below-lesion spinal levels. These pathological changes can be prevented in SCI mice or phenocopied in uninjured mice using chemogenetics to selectively manipulate activity in VGluT2+SpINs. Targeted neuromodulation of SpINs could prevent structural plasticity and subsequent autonomic dysfunction in people with SCI.
Predictors of Early Deterioration of Renal Function in Patients Older Than 70 Years Undergoing Valvular Surgery
Authors: Ranković-Ničić Ljiljana , Unić-Stojanović Dragana , Milošević Maja , Mićović Slobodan , Ivošević Tjaša , Stojicic Milica , Otašević Petar
Published: March 2022

Background: Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is the most common clinically important complication in adult patients undergoing open-heart surgery, with an incidence between 8.9% and 39%. Studies have shown that even a slight increase in serum creatinine levels after cardiac surgery significantly affects the mortality and morbidity of these patients.
Aim: This study sought to determine the predictors and incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients older than 70 years undergoing elective valvular surgery.
Methods: Prospective study included 156 patients scheduled for elective cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) at Dedinje Cardiovascular Institute between January and September 2019. Isolated valvular surgery was performed in 87 patients, while the remaining 69 patients underwent combined coronary and valvular surgery. The development and stage of CSA-AKI were diagnosed, according to Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcome (KDIGO) criteria. Predictors and incidence of CSA-AKI development were assessed using univariate binary logistic regression analysis.
Results: The incidence of CSA-AKI was 17.3%. CSA-AKI stage 1 was diagnosed in 25 patients  (16.02%). CSA-AKI stage 2 was noted in one patient (0.64%), as well as stage 3 (0.64%). In six patients (3.85%), renal replacement therapy (RRT) was required. Using univariate binary logistic analysis, the following parameters were identified as predictors for CSA-AKI development: duration of cardiopulmonary bypass (OR 1.01; CI 95% (1.01-1.02); P = .002), duration of aortic clamping (OR 1.02; CI 95% (1.01-1.03); P = .002), lactate levels during the intensive care unit (ICU) stay (OR 1.33; CI 95% (1.04-1.70); P = .026), duration of mechanical ventilation (MV) (OR 1.03; CI 95% (1.1-1.07); P = .014), the use of inotropic drugs (adrenaline, dobutamine) (OR 0.38: CI 95% (0.16-0.9); P = .026; and OR 0.23; CI 95% (0.1-0.56); P = .0019, respectively), and the use of diuretics (OR 0.24; CI95% (0.06-095); P = .041). Using Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples show that the group of patients who developed CSA-AKI had significantly longer duration of hospitalization (Z = -2.751); P = .006), prolonged ICU stay (Z = -4.160; P < .001), and need for prolonged mechanical ventilation (Z = -4.411; P < .001).
Conclusion: Independent predictors for AKI development after valvular surgery in patients older than 70 years are prolonged mechanical ventilation and increased lactate values, while the use of diuretics after surgery reduces the incidence of AKI. Also, the development of CSA-AKI is associated with prolonged ICU stay and a longer duration of hospitalization.
Analysis of the Occurrence of Acute Pulmonary Embolism in the ICU Ward and Related Risk Factors Predicting Its Severity
Authors: Fu Chun , Chen Yuan yuan , Zhu Fengxue , Liu Jian
Published: March 2022

Objective: To investigate the occurrence of acute pulmonary embolism in the intensive care unit (ICU) and analyze the related risk factors for predicting its severity.
Methods: From January 2016 to December 2020, 83 patients with acute pulmonary embolism in the intensive care unit of Peking University People's Hospital were selected as the research subjects, including 34 males (40.96%) and 49 females (59.04%), with an average age of 62.06±16.83 years. The patients were divided into a high-risk group (N = 31), medium-risk group (N = 32), and low-risk group (N = 20), according to the guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of acute pulmonary embolism issued by ASH in 2020. The clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of the three groups were summarized, and the severity of the patients could be predicted and the related risk factors affecting prognosis were analyzed.
Results: There were significant statistical differences in respiratory rate, syncope as the first symptom, bilateral pulmonary embolism, and APACHE-II score among the three groups (P < 0.05). There were significant statistical differences in the laboratory indexes, such as BNP, cTnI and D-dimer before and immediately after APE among the three groups (P < 0.05). There were significant statistical differences in cTnI and D-dimer among the three groups (P < 0.05). By pairwise comparison, it was found that there were significant statistical differences between the high-risk and low-risk groups in the immediate test indexes of APE, such as BNP, D-dimer, lower extremity vascular ultrasound abnormalities, and ECG abnormalities (P < 0.05), while there was no significant statistical difference between the medium-risk and low-risk groups in the immediate test indexes of APE (P > 0.05). However, in the medium-risk group, the laboratory indexes tended to increase, in terms of treatment and outcome, thrombolysis rate, and inferior vena cava filter implantation rate. ICU stay (> 2 weeks) of the high-risk group was significantly higher than those of the other two groups, with significant statistical difference (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that respiratory rate (or = 1.778,95% CI 1.043-3.032, P = 0.034), D-Dimer (or = 1,95% CI 1.0-1.0, P = 0.006), and APACHE-II score (or = 1.879,95% CI 1.398-2.527, P = 0.000) were independent risk factors for predicting the severity of APE patients in the ICU ward.
Conclusion: Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a critical disease in ICU. By monitoring BNP, cTnI and D-dimer, we can identify critical patients with APE early. In addition, we found that respiratory rate, D-dimer, and APACHE-II score were independent risk factors for predicting the severity of APE patients in the ICU. Clinically, APE can be identified early. The diagnosis, treatment rate, and prognosis can be improved by monitoring these indicators.
POETICS OF V. F. ODOEVSKY'S NOVEL "RUSSIAN NIGHTS": THE INTERMEDIAL ASPECT
Authors: Kachkov Ilya
Published: March 2022

The article presents an intermedial analysis of V. F. Odoevsky’s novel Russian Nights. The analysis aims to identify the methods of including visual and audial media in the verbal printed text medium. A deliberately created experimental work served as material for the research. V. F. Odoevsky’s philosophical universalism extended to his aesthetic views, as evidenced by his articles and treatises. He believed in the emergence of a new art, which would be a synthesis of all arts, and tried to bring it to life on his own. In terms used by Western intermediality theorists, the novel Russian Nights did not combine different kinds of art, but adapted visual and audial channels of information transmission to create vivid mental images and a sense of acoustic presence. Odoyevsky rendered visual images through ekphrasis, i.e. verbal representation of visual representation, and through the use of literary pictorialism, in which the very reality of the artistic world presented itself to the reader in the form of a painting. The transmission of audial information occurs on three levels. Firstly, it is the level of verbal description — when the author wanted to present the readers with reflections about music, rather than music itself. Secondly, it is the level of references to real musical works — the partial reproduction mechanism switched on, and the reader could get an insight into the acoustic component from the name of a composition alone. Thirdly, it is the level of direct integration of an alien semiotic system — musical notation, when the author needed to represent a small fragment of a musical work as accurately as possible. Thus, Odoevsky tried to realize the romantic idea of an integrated art and create an intermedial novel.
Estimaciones de pobreza para áreas pequeñas en Costa Rica: una aplicación de los estimadores de contracción de James–Stein
Authors: Barquero Jorge A. , Bonilla Roger E.
Published: March 2022

En este artículo se prueban dos posibles métodos para estimar la pobreza en áreas pequeñas, los cuales se utilizaron para corregir los estimadores directos de las encuestas periódicas, apoyándose en la estimación censal: el método de regresión del tipo 1 Pit = β0 + β1Pio, en donde Pit son los valores de la pobreza en las fuentes periódicas y Pi0 son los correspondientes valores censales; y el llamado método de contracción basado en la teoría de los estimadores de contracción de James–Stein:

con variancia  que consiste en “contraer” los estimadores de las fuentes periódicas ˜θit hacia los valores paramétricos θi, cuando la variancia del estimador en el área pequeña ψit es relativamente grande, o bien contraerlo a los estimadores de la fuente periódica θ ˜ it cuando la variancia de los parámetros ˆσ2 es relativamente grande. Los estimadores de contracción tienen un menor error cuadrático medio que los obtenidos por regresión, y produjeron intervalos de confianza más pequeños que los obtenidos por regresión y estimación directa
Análisis comparativo de eficiencia técnica entre la banca chilena y alemana
Authors: Aguirre González Medardo , Herrera Leiva Rodrigo , Bravo Espinoza Gilda
Published: March 2022

El presente estudio tiene por objeto analizar comparativamente la eficiencia técnica de la banca chilena y alemana, mediante fronteras estocásticas de producción y costo y análisis envolvente de datos. En ambas fronteras estocásticas se utilizó una tecnología translogarítmica. Con el análisis envolvente de datos se calculó el índice de Malmquist para analizar cambio tecnológico. La base de datos fue proporcionada por los bancos centrales de ambos países y contiene información de todos los bancos de Chile y Alemania para el período 1991–2000.

De los resultados obtenidos se puede mencionar que los bancos chilenos son altamente eficientes, tanto en costos (alrededor de 80%) como en producción (bordea el 90%). La banca alemana, presenta un 90% de eficiencia, tanto en costos como en producción. Al comparar los países, la banca alemana resultó ser más eficiente que la banca chilena en un 15% en producción y 18% en costos. El índice de Malmquist muestra que el cambio tecnológico se ha mantenido más o menos constante para ambas bancas.
Solución tipo onda viajera en un modelo difusivo depredador - presa tipo Holling II
Authors: Cortés-García Christian , Ramírez-Fierro Alllison
Published: March 2022

En este trabajo se demuestra la existencia de ondas viajeras como soluciones para un modelo depredador presa, con funcional de depredación Holling II y término difusivo unidimensional para los depredadores. Al realizar un análisis cualitativo al modelo sin difusión, se deduce que el modelo con difusión presenta soluciones periódicas. De igual forma, al asumir solución tipo onda viajera al modelo con difusión, se demuestra que posee una órbita heteroclínica que conecta dos puntos de equilibrio, atractora a uno de ellos, y por tanto presenta frentes de ondas.
Framing trauma leaders’ request in emergency care interactions
Authors: Tsuchiya Keiko , Coffey Frank , Mackenzie Andrew , Atkins Sarah , Chalupnik Malgorzata , Timmons Stephen , Whitfield Alison , Vernon Mike , Crundall David
Published: March 2022

A team leader’s request is a crucial factor for successful team interaction to ensure patient safety in emergency care. This study examines how team leaders accomplish and frame immediate requests through language use and corresponding eye-movement patterns in emergency care simulation, focusing on when the team is led by a senior doctor (SD) and when it is led by a junior doctor (JD). The team included two foundation doctors, who are in their first two years in medical practice, two emergency department (ED) nurses and one ED expert. They were recorded undertaking separate simulated operations on a simulated patient, and the team leader wore eye-tracking glasses. Interactional linguistic and multimodal analyses of video, audio and eye-movement data revealed that SD made immediate requests to the team members with multimodal emphasis – i.e., gazed at the recipients and addressed them verbally, especially when asking for recipients’ actions – while JD often used only gaze in requesting such actions. Although our study has limitations in terms of the small size of the data, the findings nevertheless highlight that the leader’s requesting was framed and ascribed in the continuum from a question to an instruction through co-construction of joint action with recipients in the social interaction.
Listening skills in dementia care
Authors: Cannava Kaitlin , Parks Elizabeth , Porterfield Bentley
Published: March 2022

Developing strategies to provide effective supportive messages for people with dementia that also promote the wellbeing of active listeners is essential for healthy caregiver–care-recipient relationships. We work to identify, critique and explore the pragmatics of language patterns between caregiving listeners and care-recipient listeners who experience dementia, with a focus on cultivating a more inclusive conceptualization of active listening verbal behaviors. Through content analysis of 66 conversations in the Alzheimer’s and dementia context utilizing an adapted Active Listening Observation Scale (ALOS), our findings create a baseline from which to explore listening behaviors and the wellbeing of both caregivers and care-recipients. The results point to caregivers exhibiting higher active listening behaviors than care-recipients on every measure, and that across the duration of the conversation caregivers’ active listening on a global level decreases and care-recipients’ active listening increases. Ultimately, we hope that this research will decrease negative impacts on caregivers of the caregiving role, by addressing communication challenges; increase the agency and voice of care-recipients as listeners who contribute to communication events; create more inclusive conceptualizations of active listening verbal processes; and improve the quality of active listening in Alzheimer’s and dementia caregiving contexts.
West meets East
Authors: Akbari Neda , Woodward-Kron Robyn
Published: March 2022

Research has identified the tasks associated with effective patient-centered communication (PCC), but less is known about the contexts that can enable or hinder its implementation. This study explores East Slavic doctors’ perspectives and experiences of intercultural PCC with Western patients. Semi-structured interviews informed by the principles of PCC were carried out with 15 doctors from two private clinics in Ukraine. The interviews were analyzed both for content and themes, informed by the dimensions of culture approach developed by Geert Hofstede and co-authors. The findings suggest disparities between the Ukrainian doctors’ perspectives and experiences of PCC and those encountered in the West, with those of the former seeming to be influenced by socio-historical and educational barriers, and by dimensions of national culture in Ukraine. In conceptualizing PCC, the societal context needs to be taken into account, lest some important functions of medical communication be placed at risk.
Collecting qualitative data during a pandemic
Authors: Silverman David
Published: March 2022

I think it is fair to say that the thoughtful comments on my paper were less ‘rejoinders’ than additions and elaborations. In that spirit, what follows is a summary of the arguments made and the critical questions that remain, also drawing on some personal communications I have received.
Alanen, R., and Pöyhönen, S. (Eds.). (2007). Language in Action: Vygotsky and Leontievian Legacy Today
Authors: Rieker Jacob
Published: March 2022

Alanen, R., and Pöyhönen, S. (Eds.). (2007). Language in Action: Vygotsky and Leontievian Legacy Today. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 470 pp. $75.91 (hardcover). ISBN-13: 9781847183163; $91.95 (e-book). ISBN-10: 1847183166
Applied Linguistics: Towards a New Integration? by Lars Sigfred Evensen (2013)
Authors: Infante Paolo
Published: March 2022

Applied Linguistics: Towards a New Integration? by Lars Sigfred Evensen (2013)
The Differential Diagnostic Affordances of Interventionist and Interactionist Dynamic Assessment for L2 Argumentative Writing
Authors: Nassaji Hossein , Kushki Ali , Rahimi Mohammad
Published: March 2022

Taking a case study approach, this study investigated the differential potentials of interactionist and interventionist Dynamic Assessment (DA) as diagnostic tools for the investigation of the difficulties faced by five Farsi-speaking learners of English argumentative writing. The study was conducted as part of an EFL academic writing course which aimed to improve learners’ ability to present strong arguments based on a revised version of Toulmin’s model (Qin, 2009). The focus of the study was on the process rather than the product of learning, with the aim of gaining insights into the diagnostic nature of DA to address persistent problems these learners had been shown to have, as confirmed by their instructor. Data were collected via individualized sessions between the mediator and the learners, randomly assigned into interactionist (n=3) and interventionist (n=2) DA groups. Qualitative analysis of transcribed interactions evidenced that interactionist DA could provide more nuanced understandings of the learners’ ZPDs in relation to the components of Toulmin’s model. Suggestions for further research have been made.
A ATUAÇÃO DOS EGRESSOS DO CURSO DE OCEANOLOGIA DA FURG
Authors: Krug Luiz Carlos , Minasi Luís Fernando , Dias Cleuza Maria Sobral
Published: March 2022

O trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a evolução da inserção profissional dos egressos do curso de Oceanologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG no período 2001-2013, sua distribuição geográfica e as Grandes Áreas e Áreas de atuação junto aos setores público, privado e terceiro setor. Os levantamentos foram efetuados com o auxílio da Plataforma Lattes, das redes sociais LinkedIn e Facebook e do banco de dados da FURG, abrangendo o universo de graduados. Não há estudos antecedentes para as modalidades que compõem as Ciências do Mar. Os resultados mostram que as políticas públicas de pessoal e a situação econômica do país têm influência na quantidade relativa de egressos inseridos no mercado de trabalho. O setor público é o principal empregador. Em 2013, os egressos do curso de Oceanologia atuavam em 18 das 19 Grandes Áreas que integram o campo das Ciências do Mar, com destaque para Gestão Ambiental, Oceanografia Biológica e Recursos Pesqueiros, assim como em 51 das 57 Áreas, especialmente em Avaliação de Impactos Ambientais, Conservação de Recursos Naturais e Cultivo (Maricultura). A atuação dos egressos em Educação Ambiental revela a contradição entre a formação e o fazer profissional, uma vez que até recentemente o tema não era parte do currículo oficial do curso de Oceanologia.
A RELAÇÃO PÚBLICO-PRIVADO NO FINANCIAMENTO DA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Silva Juvania dos Santos Borges da , Oliveira Ramon Igor da Silveira , Ferreira Maria Aparecida dos Santos
Published: March 2022

Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a relação entre o setor público e o privado no financiamento da educação profissional à luz de teóricos e de algumas legislações. Para a construção deste trabalho, o encaminhamento metodológico correspondeu às abordagens de uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho bibliográfico e documental. O estudo evidenciou que a relação entre o público e o privado no financiamento da educação profissional ocorre através da transferência de recursos públicos para instituições do setor privado, a partir da criação de programas e políticas que fomentam um mercado de formação em que o governo passa, para o setor privado, o dever do Estado de garantir a formação prometida na Constituição Federal de 1988, sinalizando o descaso do poder público com a garantia de uma educação pública, gratuita e de qualidade enquanto direito, em detrimento aos interesses do capital.
APRESENTAÇÃO DO DOSSIÊ PEDAGOGIA HISTÓRICO-CRÍTICA: CIÊNCIA, CURRÍCULO E DIDÁTICA
Authors: Colares Maria Lília Imbiriba Sousa , Lombardi José Claudinei
Published: March 2022

A Revista Holos, volume 8 (2021), apresenta o dossiê Pedagogia Histórico crítica: ciência, currículo e didática, edição coordenada por Maria Lília Imbiriba Sousa Colares e José Claudinei Lombardi, contendo contribuições de autores das instituições: UFOPA, UNICAMP, UFSC, UFT, UFES, UECE, UNIRIO, UFAC, UFSCar, UFPA, UFPB, SEMED do Rio de Janeiro e SEMED de Bauru/SP. Os artigos resultam de pesquisas e estudos realizados junto aos Programas de Pós-graduação em Educação e em ações extensionistas para a formação de professores, no âmbito do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas "História, Sociedade e Educação no Brasil/HISTEDBR”, presente em diversas instituições de ensino superior do Brasil.