bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Timing is everything: A simple chemical method to determine the bioavailable surface concentration of insecticide for insecticide treated net (ITN) evaluation
Authors: Skovmand O. , Dang D M , Tran T Q , Bosselmann R , Moore SJ
Published: April 2023

Background: Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) must meet bioefficacy performance standards after 20 washes to receive WHO prequalification. Days between washes (wash interval, WI) is determined using the regeneration time (RT) method. Mosquitoes are exposed to active ingredients (AI) on the net surface in a repeated measures experiment up to seven days after washing. RT is the number of days for mortality to reach a plateau where the surface insecticide concentration is assumed to be maximal and defines WI. However, mosquito mortality may reach 100% before all insecticide migrates to the ITN surface and thus RT is a function of test mosquitoes and may be underestimated. Using too short WI results in 1) less insecticide removed per wash allowing an ITN to withstand more washes than it might under user conditions or 2) insufficient insecticide becomes available and a product may fail bio-efficacy testing.
Methods: Three methods were used to determine surface concentrations of deltamethrin and Piperonyl Butoxide (PBO) in commercial ITNs: 1) Before and After Method, (BAM) using Gas-Chromatography Flame-Ionization Detection (GC-FID) before and after a standard soap-wash; 2) Soap Wash and Analysis Method (SWAM) measuring the AI from the soap-washing water using High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC); 3) Cold Acetone Method (CAM) extracting AI in cold acetone before HPLC. RT of deltamethrin and PBO were estimated using SWAM or CAM and correlated biological efficacy measured by median knock-down time (MKDT) with pyrethroid susceptible and resistant mosquitoes. BAM and CAM were compared in a wash Resistance Index (WRI) test.
Results and Recommendations: CAM dosages after soap-wash showed 90% correlation with MKDT (r=-0.91, p=0.0006) and measured the same regeneration time. Inter-sample variation was <2%. Wash intervals were longer than these determined by standard WHO method. Comparing acetone and soap washed ITNs, it is concluded that a part of the surface available pyrethroid has little biological activity, most likely the pyrethroid recrystallized on the yarn surface, confirmed by EM scanning. Combining MKDT and CAM after soap-wash could improve predictions of ITN performance. BAM can be used to measure loss of bio-active AI from the yarn surface following protocols currently recommended by WHO.
Improving milk donation behavior through educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior: Study protocol of a quasi-experimental trail
Authors: Sighaldeh Shirin Shahbazi , Moridi Maryam , Sabagh Vafa Ghorban , Kazemnejad Anoshirvan , Shateranni Fatemeh
Published: April 2023

Background:
Breastfeeding mothers’ decision to donate their milk is influenced by their knowledge, attitude and subjective norms such as their family’s opinions on milk donation. In Iran, mothers have limited access to information and education about milk donation and milk banks. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate whether an educational program based on the theory of planned behavior affects breastfeeding mothers’ decision to donate their breast milk.
Methods:
this quasi-experimental study will enroll 66 breastfeeding mothers (intervention, n=33; control, n=33). After collecting baseline data, the intervention group will begin receiving a 60-minute weekly educational program based on TPB components for four weeks. The first follow-up assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention, and the final one will be conducted 12 weeks later. The primary outcomes are the number of mothers who have donated their breast milk and changes in breastfeeding mothers’ knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control about DHM and intention to milk donation.
Discussion:
A well-designed educational program can improve breastfeeding mothers’ knowledge and promote their behavioral factors regarding milk donation and can lead to a significant increase in the number of potential milk donors.
Trial registration: irct.ir (IRCT20230124057203N1) registered February 14, 2023
On the Complexity of Non-Binary Tree Reconciliation with Endosymbiotic Gene Transfer
Authors: Gascon Mathieu , El-Mabrouk Nadia
Published: April 2023

Reconciling a non-binary gene tree with a binary species tree can be done efficiently in the absence of horizontal gene transfers, but becomes NP-hard in the presence of gene transfers. Here, we focus on the special case of endosymbiotic gene transfers (EGT), i.e. transfers between the mitochondrial and nuclear genome of the same species. More precisely, given a multifurcated (non-binary) gene tree with leaves labeled 0 or 1 depending on whether the corresponding genes belong to the mitochondrial or nuclear genome of the corresponding species, we investigate the problem of inferring a most parsimonious Duplication, Loss and EGT (DLE) Reconciliation of anybinary refinement of the tree. We present a general two-steps method: ignoring the 0-1 labeling of leaves, output a binary resolution minimizing the Duplication and Loss (DL) Reconciliation and then, for such resolution, assign a known number of 0s and 1s to the leaves in a way minimizing EGT events. While the first step corresponds to the well studied non-binary DL-Reconciliation problem, the complexity of the label assignment problem corresponding to the second step is unknown. We show that this problem is NP-complete, even when the tree is restricted to a single polytomy, and even if transfers can occur in only one direction. We present a general algorithm solving each polytomy separately, which is shown optimal for a unitary cost of operation, and a polynomial-time algorithm for solving a polytomy in the special case where genes are specific to a single genome (mitochondrial or nuclear) in all but one species.This work represents the first algorithmic study for reconciliation with endosymbiotic gene transfers in the case of a multifurcated gene tree.
Modeling needle fuel dispersal in longleaf pine-dominated forests
Authors: Blaydes Suzanne Henderson , Cannon Jeffery , Aubrey Doug
Published: April 2023

Background
Predicting patterns of fire behavior and effects in frequent fire forests relies on an understanding of fine-scale spatial patterns of available fuels. Leaf litter is a significant canopy-derived fine fuel in many fire-maintained forests. Litter dispersal is dependent on foliage production, stand structure, and wind direction, but the relative importance of these factors is unknown.
Results
Using a 10-year litterfall dataset collected within eighteen 4-ha longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) plots varying in canopy spatial pattern, we compared four spatially explicit models of annual needle litter dispersal: a model based only on basal area, an overstory abundance index (OAI) model, both isotropic and anisotropic litter kernel models, and a null model that assumed no spatial relationship. The best model was the anisotropic model (R2 = 0.61) that incorporated tree size, location, and prevailing wind direction, followed by the isotropic model (R2 = 0.57), basal area model (R2 = 0.49), OAI model (R2 = 0.27), and the null model (R2 = 0.08).
Conclusions
As with previous studies, the predictive capability of the litter models was robust when internally verified with a subset of the original dataset (R2 = 0.24–0.59); however, the models were less robust when challenged with an independent dataset (R2 = 0.08–0.30) from novel forest stands. Our model validation underscores the need for rigorous tests with independent, external datasets to confirm the validity of litter dispersal models. These models can be used in the application of prescribed fire to estimate fuel distribution and loading, as well as aid in the fine tuning of fire behavior models to better understand fire outcomes across a range of forest canopy structures.
Research on lossless continuous transmission method of agricultural low-altitude remote sensing image data
Authors: Zhou Zibin , He Simin , He Binbin
Published: April 2023

With the continuous innovation and development of modern technology, unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology has been widely used in agriculture. After the UAV remote sensing operation is completed, a large number of low-altitude remote sensing images will be generated. These image files are relatively large, and each upload will take a lot of time, often due to abnormal conditions such as network fluctuations, the upload fails. In order to solve this problem, combining the practical application of remote sensing images, a storage model of uploading tasks is established, and a lossless continuous transmission method of massive agricultural low-altitude remote sensing image data is proposed. Finally, the simulation experiment is carried out on this method. The results show that in the processing of regional agricultural remote sensing data, the maximum upload time of the proposed lossless continuous transmission method is only 80 seconds, and the data integrity is more than 85%, with a maximum of 92%. It has high upload efficiency and quality, and provides a new method reference for the efficiency and convenience of agricultural production management.
The role of drivers of change in the transition to agroforestry
Authors: Meulen Suzanne van der , Stobbelaar Derk Jan
Published: April 2023

Dutch policy strives to increase the amount of agroforestry. This paper aims to research the forces and obstacles for this growth, in particular the role of various drivers of change. Therefore we conducted a case study in Lingezegen Park (near Arnhem, The Netherlands), using the transition model of Van der Meulen et al. as a basis. This model describes the connection between the transition of the social and physical realms. Important drivers of change influencing the social and physical realms in Lingezegen Park are the establishment of the park itself, but also the relations and roles of the various stakeholders and the presence of a change agent.
The case of Lingezegen Park clearly shows that the transformation of the social realm intertwines with developments in the physical realm. The development of the park, both a change in the physical as well as the social realm, made way for new initiatives in sustainable farming systems such as agroforestry.
Too Complex to Digest? Federal Tax Bills and Their Processing in US Financial Markets
Authors: Bennani Hamza , Neuenkirch Matthias
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we analyze whether the textual complexity of tax bills affects financial markets. Based on the Flesch-Kincaid grade level of the 32 tax bills identified by Romer and Romer (2010) in the period 1962-2003, we assess the relationship between tax bills' textual complexity and financial markets using an event study approach. Our results show a negative (positive) and significant relationship between the present value of tax bills and changes in the 10-year government bond yields (S&P 500 returns). The magnitude of this relationship increases over time, suggesting that market participants underreact at first and need a couple of days to digest the information contained in the tax bills. This delay can be explained by the textual characteristics of the bills in the case of the 10-year yields as a lower readability partly counteracts the negative relationship for up to three days after the signing of a tax bill. In the case of the stock market, we find similar evidence, but only for a part of the readability measures employed in this paper.
JEL Codes: G14, H20, H30.
Hospital readiness for the provision of care to critically ill patients in Tanzania - an indepth cross-sectional study
Authors: Khalid Karima , Schell Carl Otto , Oliwa Jacquie , English Mike , Onyango Onesmus , Mcknight Jacob , Mkumbo Elibariki , Awadh Khamis , Maiba John , Baker Tim
Published: April 2023

Background: Critical illness is a state of ill health with vital organ dysfunction, a high risk of imminent death if care is not provided and potential for reversibility. The burden of critical illness is high, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Critical care can be provided as Essential Emergency and Critical Care (EECC) – the effective, low-cost, basic care that all critically ill patients should receive in all parts of all hospitals in the world– and advanced critical care – complex, resource-intensive care usually provided in an intensive care unit. The required resources may be available in the hospital and yet not be ready in the wards for immediate use for critically ill patients. The ward readiness of these resources, although harder to evaluate, is likely more important than their availability in the hospital. This study aimed to assess the ward readiness for EECC and the hospital availability of resources for EECC and for advanced critical care in hospitals in Tanzania.
Methods: An in-depth, cross-sectional study was conducted in five purposively selected hospitals by visiting all wards to collect data on all the required 66 EECC and 161 advanced critical care resources. We defined hospital-availability as a resource present in the hospital and ward-readinessas a resource available, functioning, and present in the right place, time and amounts for critically ill patient care in the wards. Data were analyzed to calculate availability and readiness scores as proportions of the resources that were available at hospital level, and ready at ward level respectively.
Results: Availability of EECC resources in hospitals was 84% and readiness in the wards was 56%. Availability of advanced critical care resources was 31%.
Conclusion: Hospitals in Tanzania lack readiness for the provision of EECC – the low-cost, life-saving care for critically ill patients. The resources for EECC were available in hospitals, but were not ready for the immediate needs of critically ill patients in the wards. To provide effective EECC to all patients, improvements are needed around the essential, low-cost resources in hospital wards that are essential for decreasing preventable deaths.
On the short and long phosphorescence lifetimes of aromatic carbonyls
Authors: Mukherjee Saikat , Kar Moumita , Bhati Mansi , Gao Xing , Barbatti Mario
Published: April 2023

This work applies theoretical and computational methods to investigate the relationship between phosphorescence lifetime and the electronic character of the lowest triplet state of aromatic carbonyls. A formal analysis of the spin-perturbed wave functions shows that phosphorescence is due to a direct spin-orbit coupling mechanism modulated by permanent dipoles when the T1 minimum is 3nπ*. If the minimum is a totally symmetric 3ππ*, phosphorescence is due to an indirect spin-orbit coupling mechanism involving transition dipole moments with other excited states. The magnitude difference between permanent and transition dipoles leads to a much faster 3nπ* phosphoresce than 3ππ* if vibronic coupling effects are not considered. These predictions were verified with phosphorescence lifetime simulations of benzaldehyde and its three derivatives in the gas phase employing a vertical approximation as well as the nuclear ensemble approach. Both simulation methods deliver good results for molecules with a 3nπ* T1 minimum. Nevertheless, vertical simulations fail for those molecules with a 3ππ* T1 minimum due to the overwhelming importance of vibronic couplings.
Heavy atom effect through chalcogen substitution in Red Nile dye: a theoretical investigation
Authors: Alberto Marta E. , Prejanò Mario , Marino Tiziana , Simone Bruna C. , Toscano Marirosa , Russo Nino
Published: April 2023

A DFT and TDDFT study has been carried out on Red Nile dye (RN) and on two chalcogens-derivatives in which the carbonyl-oxygen was replaced by Sulphur- (SNR) and Selenium-(SeNR) in order to evaluate the effect of such substitution on their photophysical properties. Inspection of Type I and Type II photoreactions have been achieved exploring the absorption properties, computing spin-orbit coupling, proposing the most plausible deactivation channels leading to the population of excited triplet states and through the analysis of vertical electron affinities and ionization potentials. Our data show a useful bathochromic shift of the lowest energy 1ππ* absorption band as the size of the substituted atom increases combined with an enhancement of the SOC values for the main nπ*→ ππ* S1→T1 deactivation pathways, suggesting a more efficient ISC mechanism for the thio- and seleno-dye. Moreover, the introduction of selenium in the NR dye has the intriguing effect to promote also the electron transfer reaction producing the O2(−)• species through the TypeI mechanism, allowing us to propose that designed dye as a dual TypeI/II PS. Our study supports the strategy to afford heavy-atom effect by using chalcogens showing as it could be successfully exploited to achieve metal-free PSs with desirable properties.
Can Computer Network Attributes be Useful for Identifying Low-Credibility Websites? A Case Study in Brazil
Authors: Couto João M. M. , Reis Julio C. S. , Benevenuto Fabrício
Published: April 2023

Misinformation has become a global issue with impacts on various spheres of society, particularly in developing countries like Brazil. In most misinformation ecosystems, a recurring challenge is the spread of fake news through websites that closely replicate the look and function of reputable news outlets. This facilitates their dissemination, which might also involve automation, political bias, targeted ads and even the exploitation of social network algorithms in a attempt to reach niche audiences. Due to this high complexity and the rapidly evolving nature of the problem, we are just beginning to identify patterns in the various misinformation ecosystems on the Web. In this work, we extend a previous study, offering important steps towards a deeper understanding of computer networking patterns observed on Brazilian misinformation websites. These patterns emerge from various sources, including DNS records, domain registrations, TLS certificates and hosting infrastructure. Our results reveal a novel avenue through which low-credibility news websites can be distinguished from websites of credible nature.
Voltammetry in the spleen assesses real-time anti-inflammatory norepinephrine release elicited by autonomic neurostimulation
Authors: Mughrabi Ibrahim T. , Gerber Michael , Jayaprakash Naveen , Palandira Santhoshi P. , Al-Abed Yousef , Datta-Chaudhuri Timir , Smith Corey , Pavlov Valentin A. , Zanos Stavros
Published: April 2023

Background:The noradrenergic innervation of the spleen is implicated in the autonomic control of inflammation and has been the target of neurostimulation therapies for inflammatory diseases. However, there is no real-time marker of its successful activation, which hinders the optimization of anti-inflammatory neurostimulation therapies and mechanistic studies in anti-inflammatory neural circuits.Methods:In mice, we performed fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) in the spleen during intravascular injections of norepinephrine (NE), or during stimulation of the vagus, splanchnic, or splenic nerves. We defined the stimulus-elicited charge generated at the oxidation potential for NE (~0.8 V) as the “NE voltammetry signal” and quantified the dependence of the signal on NE or nerve stimulation dose. We correlated the NE voltammetry signal in response to splenic nerve stimulation (SpNS) with the latter’s anti-inflammatory effect in a model of lipopolysaccharide- (LPS) induced endotoxemia, quantified as suppression of TNF release.Results:We found that the NE voltammetry signal is proportional to injected amount and estimated peak NE concentration, with 0.3 μM detection threshold. In response to SpNS, the signal increases within seconds, returns to baseline minutes later and is blocked by interventions that deplete NE or inhibit NE release. The signal is elicited by efferent, but not afferent, electrical or optogenetic vagus nerve stimulation, and by splanchnic nerve stimulation. The magnitude of the signal during SpNS is inversely correlated with subsequent TNF suppression in endotoxemia and explains 40% of the variance in TNF measurements.Conclusion:FSCV in the spleen provides a marker for real-time monitoring of anti-inflammatory activation of the splenic innervation during autonomic stimulation.
Update of the documentation of the José de Alencar theatre
Authors: VIEIRA Mylene , RIBEIRO Gilmário , ALVES Karina , BARBOSA José Ermerson , ISIDORO Henrique , MARTINS Thiago , MAGALHÃES Brendda Karen , ALMEIDA Francisco Emerson , MOREIRA Eugenio , MESQUITA Esequiel
Published: April 2023

Valorisation of heritage buildings can greatly be benefited by the update of the existing documentation. BIM (Building Information Modelling) can create a model able to be enriched by new information according to the dynamism of the historical building over time. This work deal with the update of the documentation of the iconic José de Alencar theatre (Fortaleza city – Brazil). A few existing drawings and graphic documents encompassing pictures, original illustrations, and 2D AutoCAD model were catalogued. A digital survey with an integrated approach using laser scanner and UAV photogrammetry technology was performed. 3D model based on existing documentation and digital survey was developed. From the work, an update of the documentation of the theatre over time and a reliable 3D BIM model, with a higher level of information and details, were obtained.
Comparative analysis of machine learning algorithms for classifying stunting among children under the age of five in Rwanda
Authors: NDAGIJIMANA Similien , KABANO Ignace , MASABO Emmanuel , NTAGANDA Jean Marie
Published: April 2023

Purpose: In Rwanda, childhood stunting is a major public health problem. Earlier studies employed traditional statistical approaches to identify causal factors to stunting, and little is known about the uses and effectiveness of machine learning (ML) algorithms that may identify risk factors for a variety of health conditions based on complex data.
Methods: This study examines the usefulness of machine learning algorithms in predicting stunting in children under the age of five using data from the 2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey. Random Forest was utilized for feature selection, and supervised machine learning methods were applied. The confusion matrix and Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC), which incorporated several metrics, were used to evaluate the performance of algorithms. Additionally, the outperformed model identifies variables that strongly predict stunting in Rwanda. Ultimately, multivariate logistic regression was used.
Results: The XGBoost classifier predicts stunting with the lowest misclassification error among the selected ML algorithms, followed by a gradient boosting classifier, random forests, support vector machines, classification trees, and logistic regression with forward-stepwise selection. The 10 most important variables in predicting childhood stunting in Rwanda are breastfeeding start, mother’s height, provinces, possessing television, child size at birth, maternal education, maternal BMI, wealth index, preceding birth interval, and child age.
Conclusion: This study contributes to the body of knowledge that confirmed the efficacy of ML for population health research and policy decision-making in a broad range of areas, including defining treatment effects in epidemiological studies and child undernutrition. This study shows that the XGBoost classifer is highly recommended because of the combination of ﬂexibility, scalability,regularization, ensemble approaches, and feature importance that distinguishesXGBoost from gradient-based classifers.
Experimental evidences and calculation of the limited penetration of acyl chloride reagent in a dense layer of PVA coated on a paperboard after chromatogeny grafting
Authors: Bru François , Bartolami Eline , Monot Claire , Molina-Boisseau Sonia , Lancelon-Pin Christine , Schelcher Matthieu , Martinez Philippe , Heux Laurent
Published: April 2023

Paper board have very poor barrier properties to water, water vapour and grease that can be improved by coating a layer, in this work of PolyVinylAlcohol (PVA), which exhibits very good barrier to grease but limited resistance to water and water vapour. Chromatogeny is an hydrophobisation technique that allows to confer better barrier to water and water vapour with a technology implementable at the industrial scale. Several passages can be applied on the coated layer to improve the grafting densities. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms and the distribution of the reagent among the coated layer or if it modified also the paper board. In this work, we demonstrated that the modification proceeds from the surface to the interior of the PVA layer by developing an imaging technique based on the labelling with Osmium Tetroxide (OsO4) of the double bond of an oleyl acyl chloride used as an unsaturated hydrophobisation agent. The result is a bright tagging of the modified PVA layer strictly limited to the upper surface, as revealed by SEM images. Calculations made on simple assumptions on the volume expansion due to the modification have been confronted to the experimental data, i.e. measurements of the thickness of the grafted layers. The results showed that in our experimental conditions, the reagent penetrates in a zone strictly restricted to the upper part of the PVA layer and never reached the paper board. Moreover, the second passage does not increase significantly the penetration depth of the reagent, but allows increasing notably the hydrophobicity of the grafted material, as shown by Cobb measurements. Paper board remains intact in all the experimental situations explored at pilot scale.
RETRACTED: A Comprehensive Analysis of Cloud Adoption and Cloud security Issues
Authors: Rajendran Logesh , Shekhawat Virendra Singh
Published: April 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Eating disorders and emotional dysregulation are associated with insufficient weight loss after bariatric surgery: a 1-year observational follow-up study
Authors: Barbuti Margherita , Carignani Giulia , Weiss Francesco , Calderone Alba , Fierabracci Paola , Salvetti Guido , Menculini Giulia , Tortorella Alfonso , Santini Ferruccio , Perugi Giulio
Published: April 2023

Purpose

subjects with obesity, especially those seeking bariatric surgery, exhibit high rates of mental disorders and marked psychopathological traits. The primary objective of this prospective, non-interventional study was to investigate whether the presence of different psychiatric disorders, attention deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD) symptomatology and emotional dysregulation influenced weight loss at 1-year follow-up after surgery.

Methods

the sample included 99 subjects consecutively referred for pre-surgical evaluation. Psychiatric diagnoses and ADHD symptomatology assessment were made through structured interviews; emotional dysregulation traits were investigated through self-report questionnaires. After surgery, weight and obesity-related comorbidities were monitored during a 1-year follow-up.

Results

76 participants underwent surgery, of whom 65 could be reevaluated after 1 year. Subjects with insufficient weight loss (excess body mass index loss ≤ 53%, n = 15) had more frequent lifetime binge eating disorder and comorbid mood and binge eating disorders than subjects with more favorable post-surgical outcome. Additionally, they scored higher on both physician-administered and self-report scales assessing negative emotion dysregulation, which represents a nuclear symptom of ADHD in adults. This latter psychopathological trait was found to be a predictor of reduced weight loss at the logistic regression analysis, along with older age and higher preoperative excess body mass index.

Conclusion

mood and binge eating disorders, as well as the presence of affective instability and emotional over-reactivity, seem to be associated with a worse outcome after bariatric surgery. To confirm the possible influence of psychopathology on long-term outcome after bariatric surgery, further studies with larger samples and longer follow-up are urgently needed.
Level of evidence: V, prospective descriptive study
Factors associated with postpartum initiation of anti-hypertensive medication after hospital discharge among individuals with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in a remote monitoring program
Authors: Hauspurg Alisse , Venkatakrishnan Kripa , Collins Latima , Countouris Malamo , Larkin Jacob , Quinn Beth , Kabir Nuzhat , Lemon Lara , Simhan Hyagriv
Published: April 2023

Importance

Following a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, hypertension can worsen in the postpartum period following hospital discharge. Risk factors for hypertension exacerbation and associated outcomes have not been well characterized.

Objective

We sought to identify risk factors and characterize outcomes for individuals requiring initiation of anti-hypertensive medication following hospital discharge postpartum through our hospital system’s remote blood pressure management program.

Design

We performed a cohort study of individuals delivered between 9/2019-6/2021 and enrolled in our remote blood pressure monitoring program, which utilizes standardized protocols for anti-hypertensive medication initiation postpartum.

Setting

Postpartum unit at a referral hospital

Participants

Population-based sample of individuals with a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP, preeclampsia or gestational hypertension) and no pre-pregnancy hypertension.

Exposure

Anti-hypertensive medication initiation timing: no anti-hypertensive medications, initiation prior to hospital discharge postpartum, and initiation after hospital discharge postpartum

Main outcomes

Postpartum readmission and emergency room visits

Results

Of 2,705 individuals in our cohort, 1,458 (54%) required no anti-hypertensive medications postpartum, 637 individuals (24%) were discharged on anti-hypertensive medications, and 610 (23%) required initiation of anti-hypertensive agents after discharge. Utilizing an inpatient threshold of ≥ 150/100 mmHg in line with current obstetric guidelines for medication initiation postpartum fails to identify 385 (63%) of individuals who required medication initiation after discharge. These individuals had higher home blood pressures, increased odds of Emergency Room visits [aOR 2.22 (95%CI 1.65–2.98)] and hospital readmissions postpartum [aOR 5.73 (95%CI 3.72–8.82)] compared with individuals discharged on no medications.

Conclusions and Relevance

Over 20% of individuals with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy required initiation of anti-hypertensive medications after hospital discharge. Current blood pressure guidelines for medication initiation fail to identify the majority of these individuals during delivery hospitalization. These data support the critical role of remote blood pressure monitoring programs and highlight the need for improved tools for risk stratification and liberalization of thresholds for medication initiation postpartum.
Lipid Mediators and Severity of Psoriasis
Authors: Al-Ashoor Zainab A. , Haddad Nazar S. , Al-Hamdi Khalil I.
Published: April 2023

Psoriasis is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases resulting from a complex genetic background with environmental triggers. The bioactive Lipid mediators (12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) and 13-hydroxy octadecadienoic acid (13-HODE)) that generated involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. The study aims to assess the levels of bioactive lipid mediators (12- HETE and 13-HODE) in the serum and skin of psoriatic patients compared with healthy individuals and to study the association between the levels of bioactive lipid mediators in psoriatic patients with psoriasis severity measured by PASI score. Thirty-one patients with psoriasis were enrolled in the study, with 20 age and sex-matched apparently healthy subjects.The type of psoriasis and PASI score were assessed for psoriatic patients. Serum levels of 12-HETE, 13-HODE and other investigations were determined in psoriatic and healthy control groups, and the skin levels of 12-HETE and 13-HODE were also determined in lesional and non-lesional skin biopsies of psoriatic patients. There were statistically significant differences in the mean serum levels of 12-HETE and 13-HODE among the three psoriasis severity groups with (P =0.002, P =0.04), respectively. The serum levels of 12-HETE and 13-HODE were positively correlated with increasing psoriasis severity measured by PASI scorewith (r = 0.86, p =0.001), (r=0.87, p=0.001), respectively. In conclusion, The level of both lipid mediators (12-HETE and 13-HODE) had significantly increased in the serum of psoriatic patients with a significant positive correlation with the severity of psoriatic disease as assessed by the PASI scoring system.
Creating a repository and a database for overcoming consequences of the Chernobyl accident in Bryansk region in 1986–1993
Authors: Apanasyuk O. N. , Skorobogatov A. M. , Bulantseva T. A.
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of a study of documents issued by the executive authorities and the CPSU bodies and stored in the funds of the state archives of Bryansk region. The documents deal with the issues of overcoming consequences of the Chernobyl accident in 1986-1993. The present study aims to analyze measures taken to develop a radiation safety system in Bryansk region. The article describes the structure of the database which includes documents issued by the executive authorities and the CPSU bodies on the impact of the Chernobyl accident in Bryansk region. Using the electronic copies of these documents, the database was created. The documents can be searched for and selected based on the relations with measures intended to overcome consequences of the Chernobyl accident, assessments of the socio-economic situation in Bryansk region and effectiveness of the managerial decisions.
Changes in Neuronal Antibody and S100β Protein Content as a Risk Factor for Occupational Neurointoxication
Authors: Bodienkova G. M. , Boklazhenko E. V. , Guruleva N. V.
Published: April 2023

The production of the vinyl chloride (VC) still extremely popular in many countries of the world today. The aim of this research was to study changes in the content of S100β protein and antibodies to nerve tissue proteins as regulators of the nervous system in workers in the production of vinyl chloride, depending on the severity of the pathological process. Men working in the production of VC were examined. There are 53 healthy trained workers without signs of disorders of neuro-mental status and 26 patients with initial manifestations of neurointoxication with vinyl chloride among them. The concentration of S100β protein and neurotrophic antibodies (NAB) in blood serum was determined by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. The more pronounced increase in S100β protein was found in persons with initial manifestations of neurointoxication, compared with trained healthy workers. The involvement of autoimmune reactions in the processes of regulation of the nervous system through the production of antibodies (AB) to certain structures of the nervous tissue has been proved. It is shown that the intensity of autoimmune reactions and the spectrum of produced AB working in the production of VC depend on the duration of exposure and the stage of development of the neurointoxication. It was also established that the change in the synthesis of NAB to specific proteins of nervous tissue is associated with the deterioration of neurological status in trained healthy workers. The obtained results allow us to assess the degree of interest of certain structures of the nervous tissue – bioregulators of the nervous system in the development of neurological disorders. Revealed an increase in serum concentrations of NAB to MAG, and in persons with clinical manifestations of asthenic disorder with autonomic dysfunction – NAB to DNA, NAB to S100β in trained healthy workers. These indicators can be regarded as a risk factor for occupational neurointoxication. The results obtained will improve the quality of diagnosis, especially in the early stages of the disease and, as a result, the formation of the most optimal treatment tactics.
A Study on the Acquisition of Relative Clauses and Syntactic Properties of Native English - Speaking Children
Authors:   British And American Language And Literature Association Of Korea, Joo Youngsook
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the early language acquisition of relative clauses and the internal syntactic properties of native English - speaking children from the perspective of Minimalist Program. The methods of this study are based on Minimalist Program (Chomsky 1995, 2008) and Theory of Parameter (Chomsky 1981, Hyams 1986, 2011, Rizzi 1990). Early relative clauses differ from the adult grammar, in two respects: first, pied - piping in relative clauses is absent. Children produce relatives with preposition stranding, an option available in their target language. Radford (2004) suggested that relative that in child relative clauses is a relative clause complementizer rather than a relative pronoun. The second feature of early relative clauses is the use of resumptive pronouns. English - speaking children accepted resumptive pronouns at a significantly higher rate than adults in all contexts for which gaps were grammatical (McKee and McDaniel 2001). In this study, the properties of relative clauses in child language reflect the process of developing language faculty.
The Fall of Masculinity: Helena as a Transgressive and Dangerous Woman in William Shakespeare’s All’s Well That Ends Well
Authors:   British And American Language And Literature Association Of Korea, Jang Sungjin
Published: April 2023

This paper focuses on the healing scene and bed - trick in William Shakespeare’s All’s Well That Ends Well, to prove Helena transgresses and overturns male - centered society. Critics have often understood Helena as an ideal female agent who physically and symbolically heals the endangered masculine world through her curing the king. However, going against this reading, this paper argues that Shakespeare does not simply portray Helena as a passive and obedient woman in male - oriented society. Instead, Helena seeks after her own desires and insistently subverts this male - centered society through her virginity. This subversion eventually leads to a flipping of gender roles when Helena makes Bertram a victim of her marriage plan. Thus, unlike previous readings of Helena, she should be understood as a subversive and transgressive character.
“AOR” Discharge in Paediatrics: An Ethical Conundrum
Authors:   Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Govindaraju Shanthilaxmi , Azmi Sakinah ,   Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Muhammad Zain Muhammad Zulhilmi ,   Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Kamal Siti Munawwarah ,   Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Van Rostenberghe Hans ,   Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Ilias Mohamed Ikram ,   Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Mohamad Norsarwany ,   Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Nasir Ariffin ,   Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Taib Fahisham ,   Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Hazlan Siti Nur Haidar ,   Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Ali Siti Hawa ,   Panel Member SCAN Team, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
Published: April 2023

At own risk (AOR) discharge in the paediatric setting is a complex phenomenon due to the triad of patient, caregiver, and clinician’s involvement. It would cross disciplines from legal (child protection), moral (professional conducts and legal decisions), and ethical (age, condition, and nationality) perspectives in managing these situations. There are certain ethically acceptable practices that can be approached in the decision-making process such as respecting autonomy, individual’s competence, the truth, patient’s confidentiality and avoidance of paternalism, and all conflicts of interest. We should aim for a collaborative effort in decision-making to prevent AOR. Here, we illustrate a case where parent have opted for an AOR discharge to seek for alternative medical treatment. The article discusses the ethical dilemma when dealing with potentially life-saving conditions.
Production of Hand Music Videos in Anatomy Education for Medical Students in Malaysia
Authors:   Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Abas Razif ,   Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden  University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands, Minhat Halimatus Sakdiah ,   Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Zakariah Siti Zulaikha ,   Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Ibrahim Rosni ,   Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Mohamed Razali Camellia Siti Maya ,   Department of Music, Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Salleh Marzelan ,   Department of Music, Faculty of Creative Arts, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: April 2023

Media are teaching resources that help teachers transmit messages and learning material to students effectively and efficiently. Music video making is one example of how educational media is used in anatomy training. The aim of this article is to elaborate the stages of hand music video development. The three main stages of film and video production are pre-production, production, and postproduction. Identifying the type of music video, script writing, song composition, music and vocal recording, and storyboard production are all parts of the pre-production stage. Shooting and selecting the music video’s mood, with a few adjustments, are part of the production stage. Finally, editing is included in the post-production stage. Hand music videos were found to aid in the teaching of anatomy, with the music video containing visual, auditory, and kinaesthetic elements. Therefore, music videos can be used as an alternative teaching approach, particularly in difficult subject areas that demand extensive memorisation.
A Seven-Step Technique on PowerPoint Slide Preparation for Anatomy Lectures: A Cognitive Load Theory Approach
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Siti Nurma Hanim Hadie @ Haji , Asari Mohd Asnizam ,   Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Kasim Fazlina ,   Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Mohd Yusof Nurul Aiman ,   Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Simok Anna Alicia ,   Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Shamsuddin Shamsi Amalina ,   Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Mohd Amin Mohamad Syabil Ikhwan ,   Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Mukhtar Siti Fatimah ,   Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Mohd Ismail Zul Izhar ,   Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
Published: April 2023

Lecturing remains a main teaching method in anatomy education, despite being argued as ineffective in promoting understanding and higher-order cognitive skills. Designing and preparing anatomy lecture slides is a challenging task, as anatomy is a content-driven subject that involves complex threedimensional diagrams. Overly wordy, overcrowded slides and poor organisation of text and pictorial materials are among the problems related to anatomy lecture slide preparation. These unorganised and problematic slides impose a high cognitive load on students and thus hinder learning. Hence, this paper elaborates on the strategies for lecture slide preparation that were formerly mentioned by the authors in a lecturing guideline known as the cognitive load theory lecture model. The strategies were organised into seven steps: (a) step 1: select plain background slides; (b) step 2: use headings and subheadings; (c) step 3: use visual cues and signals; (d) step 4: select a proper font type and size; (e) step 5: use text treatment; (f) step 6: choose a suitable colour scheme; and (g) step 7: synchronise all sub-elements. This paper also provides tested examples for each step to facilitate comprehension of the lecture content while applying the strategies.
Perancangan Arsitektur Enterprise FMIPA UNTAN Menggunakan Kerangka Kerja TOGAF Berbasis SOA
Authors: Mutiah Nurul , Febriyanto Ferdy
Published: April 2023

The research aims to develop an Enterprise Architecture from FMIPA UNTAN, this is based on the many individual information systems that have been developed by FMIPA UNTAN which are not integrated in data and technology. This situation results in overlapping data that can affect the effectiveness of decision making within the organization. The designed Enterprise Architecture implements the concept of service-oriented architecture in order to support the integration between the business layer and the organization's technology layer. To support the research, several concepts are used, such as TOGAF as a framework for developing Enterprise Architecture, Service Oriented Architecture as a supporter for integration of architectural layers, and Archimate and Business Process Modeling Notation as a modeling language used to create architectural artifacts. The stages of the research included problem identification, the Enterprise Architecture development process followed the stages of TOGAF ADM namely the preliminary phase, architectural vision, business architecture, information system architecture, technology architecture, and making an architecture implementation roadmap. The results of the development of Enterprise Architecture are architectural artifacts consisting of catalogs, matrices, and diagrams of business, information system, and technology architecture. Based on the design results, it is found that the Enterprise Service Bus concept in Service Oriented Architecture can be used to support application and data integration in organization, as well as the concept of service access can bridge the gap between the business layer and the technology layer.