bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Insulin, Biguanide and Sulfonylurea Treatment on hba1c in Diabetic Patients: An Interventional Study in Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Authors: Zaman Md Saif , Hassan Parvez , Islam SM Shahinul , Ullah Md Anayet , Rabbani Md Golam
Published: January 2023

Proper management and selection of a single drug or multiple drugs for the treatment of diabetes is very important. The choice of treatment depends on a number of factors. With the proper treatment, the state of diabetes can be managed very smoothly. The main objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of insulin, biguanides and sulfonylurea on HbA1C in diabetic patients. This interventional type of study was carried out among 102 diabetic patients attending at different hospitals in Rajshahi of Bangladesh. In this case purposive sampling technique was followed and data revealed that mean age of the patients was 45.98±11.23 years and most of them (35.30) were housewife. Among the insulin receiving group, 41.18% were male and 58.82% were female. In case of the biguanide receiving taking group 44.12% were male and 55.88% were female while for the sulfonylurea receiving group 35.29% were male and 64.71% were female. Regarding body mass index (BMI) among the respondents, it was found that 0.98% had BMI <18.50 kg/m2, led sedentary lifestyle (65.7%), most of them were from urban area (67.6%) and non-smoker (86.0%) with family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (17.0%). In the insulin receiving group, 82.35% had desired glycemic control; in the biguanide receiving group, 73.53% had desired glycemic control; and in the sulfonylurea receiving group, 64.71% had desired glycemic control. Data shows that the insulin receiving patients had relatively better glycemic control as compared to the other two mendicant receiving groups at 6th month. This finding suggests that the selection of the best drug is the most key part of the treatment of T2DM. Therefore, this study would help to select the best choice of drug for the treatment of diabetes in Bangladesh.
J Bio-Sci. 30(1): 123-130, 2022 (June)
A Pictogram of a Young Male With The Opening Difficulty of His Grip
Authors: Mahmud Reaz
Published: January 2023

Abstract not available
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2021; 29(1): 127-128
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Game Untuk Pembelajaran Metematika Tingkat Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Yunus Muh , Seta Inba Cipta Bagus , Mudhifatul Jannah Urnika
Published: January 2023

Game matematika merupakan game yang dirancang dan dibangun sebagai media pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan pemahaman siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika, pada penelitian ini dirancang dan dibangun game matematika berbasis android di MI Miftahul Ulum. Game matematika berbasis android dikembangkan menggunakan metode waterfall. Tahapan pada metode waterfall meliputi analysis, design, coding, testing. Bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan pada perancangan sistem ini adalah C#. Adapun perangkat lunak yang digunakan dalam perancangan sistem ini adalah OS, software, editing, unity. Fitur-fitur yang diberikan pada game matematika ini meliputi menu materi dan menu soal, pada menu materi dan menu soal bisa diakses oleh siswa dan guru. Pada tahap akhir dilakukan pengujian game matematika menggunakan Blackbox Testing dan Whitebox Testing, hasil dari pengujian Blackbox Testing dan Whitebox Testing dapat disimpulkan bahwa setiap menu pada game matematika 100% dapat berfungsi dengan baik.
Developing Mystery Box in Teaching Narrative Text for Speaking Class at Junior High School
Authors: Utami Silvya , Anam Mukhtarul , Fatmawaty Riryn
Published: January 2023

This research aims to develop a Mystery Box for teaching speaking in narrative text for junior high school students. To improve speaking skills students often face several problems such as lack of confidence when speaking in a foreign language. The main purpose of this research is to help students improve students' speaking skills gradually during teaching and learning activities in the classroom. This study uses Research and Development (R&D) model from Thiagarajan or commonly known as 4D (Four-D). The stage is Define, which is a definition that includes observation and analysis of student needs, then Design which includes product design formats and material selection, then Develop includes product design, validation by experts, revisions, and small-scale to large-scale experiments, the last is Disseminate, namely dissemination product form is a Guidebook. Observation data, interviews, and questionnaires for students used qualitative while the expert validator questionnaires and students' speaking scores used quantitative. There were two experts who tested this product and the participating students were class IX G, IX H, and IX I. The result of the analyzing all the data, according to the experts Mystery Box categorized was very good and most of the students felt enthusiastic in the class. It can be concluded that the Mystery Box is a learning media for helping students to improve students’ speaking skills.
An Analysis of Students’ Ability in an Interpretive Listening Course
Authors: Kasriyati Destina , Andriani Refika , Herdi Herdi
Published: January 2023

The world of education currently requires students to study from home through online learning because of the covid 19 pandemic. Online learning has been going on for almost 2 years so learning is no longer face-to-face. Students faced some problems when they should learn interpretive Listening courses through online learning. One of the problems such as; Students got some difficulties understanding the material. This is the concern of researchers to analyze students’ learning outcomes in an interpretive listening course during online learning. This research approach uses descriptive quantitative utilizing descriptive statistics. There were 55 students who participated in this research. The data was gathered by an online test. The test is available at https://www.examenglish.com. The result suggests students had an average of score 69.4 of the total sample, namely 55 students. Then there is a minimum or lowest score of 30 and the highest is 77. This score has conversion based on score of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). Therefore, it indicated that student learning outcomes in interpretive listening courses can be categorized as advanced. Where they have an advanced level in understanding and comprehending of listening activities.  Even with limited facilities and sometimes unsupported internet networks, the learning outcome was running well.
Comparison of two affordable DNA extraction methods for molecular detection of Salmonella isolates from broiler farm’s boot swabs
Authors: Pacheco Julia Iracema Moura , Anjos Ketlen Beatriz Alves dos , Silva Isabela Vaz , Okar Rodrigo Gibrail , Rodrigues Sonia Maria Biesdorf Dorneles , Francabandiera Aniê Ieda , Rodriguez Maria Constanza
Published: January 2023

There are many extraction methods available to purify bacterial DNA. PCR efficiency can vary depending on the quantity and quality of the template DNA used. This study evaluated the efficiency, quality, cost and rapidness of two in-house protocols, silica particles and Chelex-100 resin, for the extraction of twenty Salmonella isolates from boot swabs. The aim of this experiment was to compare the extraction methods for Salmonella spp. detection. DNA extraction was performed for each method and subjected to real-time PCR amplification. The amounts and integrity of DNA were determined using spectrophotometry and agarose gel electrophoresis, and the efficiency measured with real-time PCR. Limit of Detection (LOD) was determined with serial dilutions of a S. Typhimurium reference strain resulting in linear regression coefficients of R 2=0.992 (efficiency 119.31) for silica and R 2=0.958 (efficiency 93.33) for Chelex, with LOD of 10 -4 for both. Silica particles method resulted in higher DNA yield, 85.01 ± 59.11 compared to 50.74 ± 12.95 and 260/280 ratio, 1.77 ± 0.02 versus 1.63 ± 0.13. DNA integrity was superior using silica, gel showed a unique band higher than 2.000 bp, while Chelex-100 was imperceptive or degraded. Regarding PCR results, the mean quantification cycle (Cq) for silica was 17.08 ± 0.73 and Chelex-100, 17.64 ±0.56 (suggesting lower DNA values). Results showed that both methods were effective for the DNA extraction of Salmonella, once PCR resulted positive for all samples, efficiency was higher for silica. Chelex-100 resin was performed in less time at a lower cost.
Are ChatGPT's knowledge and interpretation ability comparable to those of medical students in Korea for taking a parasitology examination?: a descriptive study
Authors: Huh Sun
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to compare the knowledge and interpretation ability of ChatGPT, a language model of artificial general intelligence, with those of medical students in Korea by administering a parasitology examination to both ChatGPT and medical students. The examination consisted of 79 items and was administered to ChatGPT on January 1, 2023. The examination results were analyzed in terms of ChatGPT's overall performance score, its correct answer rate by the items’ knowledge level, and the acceptability of its explanations of the items. ChatGPT's performance was lower than that of the medical students, and ChatGPT's correct answer rate was not related to the items’ knowledge level. However, there was a relationship between acceptable explanations and correct answers. In conclusion, ChatGPT's knowledge and interpretation ability for this parasitology examination were not yet comparable to those of medical students in Korea.
Editor’s Pick: Identifying Shared Features and Addressing Common Challenges in Clinical Trials for Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: An Overview
Authors: La Noce Anna , Ernst Marcin
Published: January 2023

Chronic inflammatory diseases (CID) share many common features, such as debilitating illness, increased mortality, impaired quality of life and productivity, and high economic burden. The approach to treating CID has shifted over the last 20 years from symptom to mechanism of action-targeted therapy following the development of primarily biologic drugs, in which the same therapy can potentially treat multiple diseases. Developing these drugs requires novel strategies and a multidisciplinary approach for implementation. This article provides an overview of shared features for CID clinical trials and addressing common challenges in their planning and execution. Since CID studies often test the same drug for treating different pathologies, knowledge of the drug from previously investigated therapeutic indications can be leveraged when planning clinical trials. Given the variety of CID signs and symptoms, eligibility criteria need to clearly define the target patient population by minimising ambiguity and risk of misunderstanding. Other common challenges include an elevated response in the placebo arm, the subjectivity of investigator assessments, and the use of appropriate patient-reported outcomes. Several measures can help minimise the impact of the aforementioned issues on study outcome, including centralised eligibility review and endpoint adjudication, tight control of background therapy and concomitant medications, and intensive training of assessors. The above common features support an approach to CID as a largely interconnected therapeutic area in which a multidisciplinary approach, application of common strategies, and lessons learnt across different indications represent crucial factors for effectively planning and executing clinical trials.
The Role of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Potential Implications for Treatment
Authors: Chen Weiqian , Yi Caihong , Jin Lin
Published: January 2023

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease characterised by small joint swelling, deformity, and dysfunction. Its exact aetiology is unclear. Current treatment approaches do not control harmful autoimmune attacks or prevent irreversible damage without considerable side effects. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), an important hydrogen carrier in mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation, is the major determinant of redox state in the cell. NAD+ metabolites act as degradation substrates for a wide range of enzymes, such as sirtuins, poly-ADP-ribose polymerases, ADP-ribosyltransferases, and CD38. The roles of NAD+ have expanded beyond its role as a coenzyme, linking cellular metabolism to inflammation signalling and immune response. The aim of this review is to illustrate the role of NAD+-related enzymes in the pathogenesis of RA and highlight the potential therapeutic role of NAD+ in RA.
Persistent Cough: Changes in Prevalence, Impact, and Beliefs From 2006–2015 in Italy
Authors: Dal Negro Roberto Walter , Povero Massimiliano , Zanasi Alessandro , Turco Paola
Published: January 2023

Background: Persistent cough is one of the most common conditions affecting quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess people’s beliefs regarding the impact of, and changes in the prevalence of, persistent cough in the Italian general population over a 10-year time period.

Methods: Two telephone surveys were conducted in 2006 and 2015, and the answers were compared. In 2015, the same questionnaire was also randomly distributed in paper form to another cohort. Sample sizes were precalculated for their representativeness and comparability (Chi-square test).

Results: In total, 1,251 subjects in 2015 and 1,334 in 2006 completed the interviews. The corresponding completion rate for the interviews was 23.0% and 21.8%, respectively; 5,056 individuals completed the paper-form questionnaire. A substantial proportion of respondents stated that persistent cough should be regarded as a disease and not merely as a symptom. This belief increased from 38.8% to 46.4% (p<0.03) over the study decade. The prevalence of persistent cough recorded through computer-assisted telephone interview was 14.2% and 18.4% in the 2006 and 2015 surveys, respectively (p<0.02), and 35.5% in individuals answering the paper-form questionnaire (p<0.01). General practitioners (69.6%) and lung physicians (16.2%) were among the most frequently consulted medical professionals for cough. The majority of respondents disagreed with first-line antibiotic and/or systemic steroid use, while antitussive drugs and mucolytics were highly valued. The willingness of the patient to pay for their own treatment increased, with >40% of responders willing to pay >€10 at the pharmacy in 2015.

Conclusion: These surveys showed the prevalence of persistent cough is increasing, together with the willingness of the patient to pay out of their own pocket for treatment. However, the methodology for data collection should be carefully considered before data are generalised.
Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease: Current State of Knowledge and Future Directions
Authors: Cahill Mia
Published: January 2023

The main objectives of the two symposia were to raise awareness of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD); evaluate the key microbiological and clinical aspects of the disease, including its association with other conditions, such as bronchiectasis and common coinfections; outline the current treatment and management strategies; and review data from clinical trials of new therapies and how these could shape future management strategies. Dr Chalmers, Dr Griffith, and Dr Haworth opened the symposia by introducing NTM-LD and providing a brief overview of the key topics. Dr Ringshausen focussed on the epidemiology, prevalence, and burden of NTM-LD, and briefly discussed pathophysiology. Dr van Ingen outlined the microbiological diagnosis of NTM-LD, in particular the importance of molecular identification and drug susceptibility testing (DST). Dr Aliberti introduced bronchiectasis, outlined the relationship between the two diseases, and discussed the clinical relevance of comorbid disease. Dr Aksamit addressed the assessment and management of co-isolated NTM and other respiratory pathogens. Dr Griffith and Dr Loebinger each summarised the current treatment and management strategies, and reviewed the latest research regarding new therapies and what this could mean for the future. Dr Koh closed the symposium by outlining the latest clinical research on the natural history of NTM-LD from a global perspective.
Allergen Challenge Testing in Atopic Asthma Pharmaceutical Research: Past, Present, and Future Directions
Authors: Blais Christianne M. , Cockcroft Donald W. , Davis Beth E.
Published: January 2023

Over the years, various allergen inhalation challenge models have been developed to study the pathophysiology and pharmacology of allergen-induced asthma. Each allergen challenge method possesses unique benefits and disadvantages. The classic allergen challenge model is useful for assessing the efficacy of new treatments but does not reflect real-world repeated exposure and excludes approximately 50% of allergic asthmatics (i.e. those who do not exhibit a late asthmatic response). The early response model, while also artificial, is less time-consuming and allows for the generation of dose-response data but does not assess the late response or related sequelae. The repeated low-dose allergen model was developed with the purpose of mimicking natural exposure for induction of airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. However, this method does not consistently produce airway inflammation and is less practical to perform due to the number of study visits required. The segmental allergen model is the only one to allow direct sampling of airway secretions for airway inflammation studies, but it is highly invasive and requires special training and equipment. Attempts have been made to establish a repeated high-dose allergen model for the assessment of drug effects on symptoms and rescue medication use, but participant safety remains a concern and it is also less practical than the classic method. The most difficult allergen model to perform is the natural exposure method, for which standardisation may not be possible given the number of environmental factors that must be controlled or measured. Modifications to these allergen models could improve their clinical relevance and identify their specific, tailored applications in pharmaceutical research of allergic asthma.
Asthma in Childhood: Current Perspectives on Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Uwaezuoke Samuel N. , Ayuk Adaeze C. , Eze Joy N. , Owusu Sandra K.
Published: January 2023

This narrative review aims to appraise the current perspectives on the diagnosis and treatment of asthma in childhood, with a focus on diagnostic steps, disease phenotypes and endotypes, and novel biologic therapies. Asthma in children and adults is now regarded as a complex cluster of disease phenotypes linked to specific endotypes. Unravelling asthma heterogeneity is key to understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of the disease and developing novel treatment strategies that are tailored according to these phenotypes and endotypes. This will make for a more precise diagnosis and more personalised treatments. There is currently no gold-standard method for making the diagnosis of asthma due to the non-specific nature of asthma symptoms; respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation need to be carefully evaluated to establish a causal relationship with the disease. Although corticosteroids and bronchodilators still constitute the recommended step-wise pharmacological based therapy in both childhood and adult asthma, novel biologic therapies targeting type 2 immunity have been proven effective in severe childhood and adult asthma and will likely lead to improved disease outcomes.
Role of intestinal microbiocenosis in pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Bukaevskaya A. Yu. , Yakovlev A. T. , Knyshova L. P.
Published: January 2023

Objective. To study changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract as one of the main factors affecting the state of general and local immunity in patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods. According to the recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology 2019, the cardiological status of the subjects was established. Based on the methodology proposed by the Moscow Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology n. a. G. N. Gabrichevsky, the qualitative and quantitative composition of the intestinal microbiota was determined, followed by an assessment of the degree of microbiological disorders according to the industry standard ‘Protocol of patient management. Intestinal dysbiosis’.Results and conclusions. A bacteriological study revealed a reduction in the main representatives of the normobiota: Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, Lactobacterium, Enterococcus spp., forming the ‘metabolic core’ of intestinal microbiocenosis. The results obtained are part of a clinical and laboratory study of changes in the microbiota of the body in diseases of the circulatory system and can serve as a basis for developing recommendations for effective treatment and prevention of cardiovascular pathology, taking into account the state of intestinal microbiocenosis.
Effect of mini-gastric bypass surgery for morbid obesity on indicators of carbohydrate metabolism
Authors: Neymark M. I. , Pantyushin A. A. , Zhilin S. V.
Published: January 2023

Objective. To analyze the long-term results of the effect of mini-bypass surgery for morbid obesity on the state of carbohydrate metabolism and the dynamics of changes of BMI.Materials and methods. A prospective uncontrolled randomized study was conducted on the basis of the Clinical Hospital ‘Russian Railways – Medicine’ ofCity of Barnaul (Russia), which included patients aged 22 to 56 years with an average body mass index of 45.23 kg/m2 and having a violation of carbohydrate metabolism: 17 patients with an established diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, 20 patients with insulin resistance. Patients with DM were canceled prior to surgery and short-acting insulin preparations were prescribed situationally. Laparoscopic minigastric bypass surgery was performed, for which anesthesia with limited use of opioids was used. Indicators were determined: fasting blood glucose in the pre- and early postoperative period, after 6 months and 2 years, glycated hemoglobin, HOMA-IR index, BMI before surgery and in control measurements.Results. The positive dynamics of the studied indicators was demonstrated in patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism by the time of discharge from the hospital, which was performed on 4–5 days from the moment of surgery. In most patients, this trend persisted for 2 years after surgery. Positive changes in carbohydrate metabolism occurred against the background of a significant decrease of BMI.Conclusions. Laparoscopic mini-bypass surgery is an effective method of treating morbid obesity with concomitant metabolic syndrome for a long time.
Involutionary forms of skeletal muscle pathology
Authors: Belopasov V. V. , Belopasova A. V. , Veselova D. K.
Published: January 2023

Involutionary forms of muscle pathology for the neurological community is ‘terra incognita’. The purpose of this publication is to describe clinical forms, pathogenesis, diagnostic and treatment methods of skeletal muscle diseases in the aging population.
Biofeedback method influence on motor function restoration in early rehabilitation period of noncardioembolic ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Tertyshnaya N. M. , Goldobin V. V. , Klocheva E. G. , Zuyev A. A. , Chistova I. V.
Published: January 2023

Study of motor function restoration in patients with non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke during early rehabilitation period is presented. The first group (n = 92) consisted of patients who received standard rehabilitation treatment with biofeedback trainings of electromyographic modality. The second group (n = 100) of patients received standard rehabilitation treatment. There were no significant differences between the compared groups by gender, age, stroke risk factors and severity of the condition at the rehabilitation treatment start. Biofeedback trainings significantly improved kynesiophobia and increased the proportion of patients with a mild degree of addiction in daily living.
NRS‑2002 scale impact on nutritional status screening of patients with acute cerebrovascular accident
Authors: Guseva T. S. , Artukhov O. P. , Naprienko M. V.
Published: January 2023

Evaluation of the nutritional status at an early stage of hospitalization in patients with acute cerebrovascular insufficiency (CVA) is important for providing timely nutritional support. According to the Russian clinical guidelines for nutritional support of patients with stroke, the NRS‑2002 scale is essential to assessment the nutritional status. However, due to the obesity, about 30 % of patients do not entered into the general category of patients with CVA to get the standard examination.

Aim. To analyze the NRS‑2002 scale effectiveness in patients with acute cerebrovascular accident, taking into account the somatic and visceral protein pools.

Materials and methods. In the case of the prospective study the 140 patients with CVA were hospitalized in the primary vascular department of the City Clinical Hospital n. a. V. V. Vinogradov (Moscow, Russia), and were screened by the simplified malnutrition scoring system and the NRS‑2002 scale.

Results. The research reveals: A low risk of malnutrition in 34,3 % of all cases and 72,7 % in patients under 70 years; the high BMI – Me‑26,6 (24,2–30,8) kg/m²; the protein deficiency in 140 (25.7 %) of patients with normal somatic protein pool and in 66 (28.8 %) of patients under 70 years.

Conclusions. Detecting the risk of malnutrition with the NRS‑2002 scale in the early stage after hospitalization is not always informative due to the overweight and the age less than 70 years. The visceral protein pool analysis should be performed in all patients, independently of the NRS‑2002 scale and the somatic protein pool results.
Condición y posición de génerode personas adultas mayores durante procesos migratorios en Chiautzingo, Puebla, México
Authors: García Ríos Hidalia , Martínez Corona Beatriz , Méndez Cadena María Esther , Pérez Magaña Andrés , López Cuevas Sergio , Mendieta Ramírez Angélica
Published: January 2023

Differential analysis of gender status and position was carried out among men returning from the Bracero program and their wives, who remained in the localities of origin in the municipality of Chiautzingo, Puebla. From an ethnographic approach and with participant observation, in-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of nine adults: five men and four women. In fulfilling their labor assignments, migrants experienced violations of their human rights that negatively affected their gender status and position, which improved upon their return due to access to resources and prestige. Intergenerational migration networks were created, covering up to third generations. Women were affected in their status and position by reproducing gender subordination in the domestic group and the community. The contribution of the women who remained in their locality during the migratory process and the continuity of unequal relationships were made visible.
HEMŞİRELİK VE ÇOCUK GELİŞİMİ BÖLÜMÜ ÖĞRENCİLERİNE VERİLEN BESLENME EĞİTİMİNİN BESLENMEYE İLİŞKİN BİLGİ VE OKURYAZARLIK DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİ: BİR MÜDAHALE ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: SÜMEN Adem , EVGİN Derya
Published: January 2023

Bu çalışma hemşirelik ve çocuk gelişimi bölümü öğrencilerine verilen beslenme dersinin beslenmeye ilişkin bilgi ve okuryazarlık düzeylerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma; ön test-son test, yarı deneysel tasarımda uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini ikinci sınıfta öğrenim gören, yaş ortalaması 20.06±1.50 olan 109 öğrenci (K: 76, E: 33) oluşturmuştur. Veriler, Yetişkinler İçin Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi Ölçeği (YETBİD) ve Yetişkinlerde Beslenme Okuryazarlığı Değerlendirme Aracı (YBOYDA) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinin ön testte beslenme bilgi puan ortalamaları 51.41±10.68, son testte 58.45±9.83; çocuk gelişimi bölümü öğrencilerinde ise ön testte 50.61±6.73, son testte 57.48±9.19 olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.001). Hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinin ön testteki 34.71±6.78 beslenme tercihi bilgi puan ortalamasının son testte 37.81±6.13’e yükseldiği (p<0.001), çocuk gelişimi bölümü öğrencilerinde ise ön testte 33.48±7.46, son testte 35.89±7.81 olduğu bulunmuştur (p>0.05). Hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinin ön testte YBOYDA puan ortalamalarının 27.21±4.24 ve son testte 29.45±4.47; çocuk gelişimi bölümü öğrencilerinde ise ön testte 26.51±4.34 ve son testte 28.20±3.99 olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.001). Toplumun yeterli ve dengeli beslenmesi için konunun uzmanları tarafından verilen beslenme ile ilişkili planlı ve sürdürülebilir eğitim programlarına gereksinim vardır.
PAIR DIFFERENCE CORDIAL LABELING OF CERTAIN BROKEN WHEEL GRAPHS
Authors: PONRAJ R , A Gayathrı , SOMASNDARAM S
Published: January 2023

In this paper we investigate the pair difference cordial labeling

behavior of Certain broken wheel graphs.
A study of the spillover effects of digital financial agglomeration on economic resilience
Authors: Zhu Zhiming , Yang Yuanyuan , Li Hongyan
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Digital finance is the combination of digital information technology and traditional finance. And digital financial agglomeration plays a pivotal role in the process of improving economic resilience in the new era.

Method

This paper introduces digital financial agglomeration, measures the economic resilience of each province and conducts spatial correlation tests by using 30 inter-provincial (except Hainan Province) panel data from 2011 to 2020, and constructs a Spatial Durbin Model to empirically analyze the relationship between digital financial agglomeration and economic resilience based on the theory of diffusion effect of digital financial agglomeration and research hypotheses.

Result

The results show that: (1) Digital financial agglomeration can have a positive effect on economic resilience by expanding the scale of consumption. (2) Digital financial agglomeration has a direct effect on the economic resilience of the region and an indirect spillover effect on the economic resilience of neighboring regions. (3) The effects of the main explanatory variables on economic resilience pass the robustness test: the positive effects of digital financial agglomeration, consumption scale and the interaction term of the two on economic resilience are significant.

Discussion

This paper focuses on the phenomenon of digital financial agglomeration, which is a unique perspective, and explores the influence mechanism of digital financial agglomeration on economic resilience from the perspective of spatial spillover effects of digital financial agglomeration, which is somewhat innovative.
Gfi1aa/Lsd1 Facilitates Hemangioblast Differentiation Into Primitive Erythrocytes by Targeting etv2 and sox7 in Zebrafish
Authors: Wu Mei , Chen Qi , Li Jing , Xu Yue , Lian Junwei , Liu Yongxiang , Meng Ping , Zhang Yiyue
Published: January 2023

The first wave of hematopoiesis is the primitive hematopoiesis, which produces embryonic erythroid and myeloid cells. Primitive erythrocytes are thought to be generated from bipotent hemangioblasts, but the molecular basis remains unclear. Transcriptional repressors Gfi1aa and Gfi1b have been shown to cooperatively promote primitive erythrocytes differentiation from hemangioblasts in zebrafish. However, the mechanism of these repressors during the primitive wave is largely unknown. Herein, by functional analysis of zebrafish gfi1aasmu10, gfi1bsmu11, gfi1absmu12 single, double, and triple mutants, we found that Gfi1aa not only plays a predominant role in primitive erythropoiesis but also synergizes with Gfi1ab. To screen Gfi1aa downstream targets, we performed RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analysis and found two endothelial transcription factors, etv2 and sox7, to be repressed by Gfi1aa. Genetic analysis demonstrated Gfi1aa to promote hemangioblast differentiation into primitive erythrocytes by inhibiting both etv2 and sox7 in an Lsd1-dependent manner. Moreover, the H3K4me1 level of etv2 and sox7 were increased in gfi1aa mutant. Taken together, these results suggest that Gfi1aa/Lsd1-dependent etv2/sox7 downregulation is critical for hemangioblast differentiation during primitive hematopoiesis by inhibition of endothelial specification. The different and redundant roles for Gfi1(s), as well as their genetic and epigenetic regulation during primitive hematopoiesis, help us to better know the molecular basis of the primitive hematopoiesis and sheds light on the understanding the Gfi1(s) related pathogenesis.
Angiogenesis-related gene signatures reveal the prognosis of cervical cancer based on single cell sequencing and co-expression network analysis
Authors: Kang Jiawen , Xiang Xiaoqing , Chen Xiaoyan , Jiang Jingwen , Zhang Yong , Li Lesai , Tang Jie
Published: January 2023

Cervical cancer ranks first in female reproductive tract tumors in terms of morbidity and mortality. Yet the curative effect of patients with persistent, recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer remains unsatisfactory. Although antitumor angiogenic drugs have been recommended as the first-line treatment options for cervical cancer, there are no comprehensive prognostic indicators for cervical cancer based on angiogenic signature genes. In this study, we aimed to develop a model to assess the prognosis of cervical cancer based on angiogenesis-related (AG) signature genes, and to provide some reference for the comprehensive treatment of cervical cancer in the clinical setting. First we screened the AG gene set from GeneCard website, and then performed angiogenesis-related scores (AGS) per cell from single cell sequencing dataset GSE168652, followed by performing weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) for cervical cancer patients according to angiogenesis phenotype. Thus, we established a prognostic model based on AGS by taking the intersection of WGCNA angiogenic module gene and differential gene (DEGs) of GSE168652. The GSE44001 was selected as an external validation set, followed by performing ROC curve analysis to assess its accuracy. The results showed that we successfully constructed a prognostic model related to the AG genes. Patients in the high-AGS group in both the train, test and the validation sets had a worse prognosis than those in the low-AGS group, had lower expression of most immune checkpoint-associated genes and lower tumor mutational burden as well. Patients in the low-AGS group were more sensitive to AMG.706, Bosutinib, and Lenalidomide while Imatinib, Pazopanib, and Sorafenib were more recommended to patients in the high-AGS group. Finally, TXNDC12 and ZC3H13, which have high hazard ratio and poor prognosis in the model, were highly expressed in cervical cancer cell lines and tissue. Meanwhile, the results showed that TXNDC12 promoted the migration of cervical cancer cells and the tubule-forming ability of endothelial cells. In conclusion, our model based on genes with AG features can effectively assess the prognosis of cervical cancer, and can also provide reference for clinicians to choose immune-related treatments.
Abatement of radioiodine in aqueous reprocessing off-gas
Authors: Greaney Allison T. , Ngelale Randy O. , Bruffey Stephanie H. , Martin Leigh R.
Published: January 2023

The reprocessing used nuclear fuel (UNF) releases volatile fission and activation products, including 129I, into the off-gas of a processing plant. Mitigation of the release of vapor phase radionuclides is necessary for meeting regulatory requirements in the United States and other countries. In an aqueous reprocessing plant, volatile radioiodine could be present in several forms, depending on the chemistry of the process used. Inorganic iodine will be the predominate species in any shearing or voloxidation pretreatment off-gas and dissolver off-gas (DOG). Organic iodides such as CH3I, C4H9I, and C12H25I have been proposed to be generated during solvent extraction; thus, these species must be captured from the vessel off-gas (VOG). The abatement of inorganic and organic iodide species to meet United States regulatory requirements has been demonstrated in laboratory experiments using Ag-based solid sorbents. The data presented in this paper includes the effect of gas composition (e.g., the presence of water vapor and NOx), iodine speciation (I2, CH3I, C4H9I, C12H25I), and sorbent bed parameters (e.g., temperature, sorbent age) on complete iodine capture on Ag-mordenite in an aqueous reprocessing plant.
Utilization of gasification slag and petrochemical incineration fly ash for glass ceramic production
Authors: Hao Zhenyu , Zhang Hai , Tang Xiaoli , Sui Lihua , Li Yanan , Zhang Shucai
Published: January 2023

This study investigated glass ceramics produced using coal gasification slag (CGS) and petrochemical incineration fly ash (PIFA) to immobilize hazardous heavy metals such as Cr and As. However, the crystallization kinetics and stabilization behavior mechanism of different heavy metals in the petrochemical incineration fly ash-derived glass-ceramics remains unclear. And X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were used to characterize glass and crystalline products. In this paper, we reported the crystallization kinetics and chemical leaching characteristics of the glass ceramic. A low crystallization activation energy of 121.49 kJ/mol was achieved from crystallization peak of several different heating rates around 850°C, implying that it is easier to produce the glass ceramics at that temperature. The Avrami parameter of the former crystallization was determined to be 1.23 ± .12, which indicated two-dimensional crystal growth with heterogeneous nucleation. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure results indicated that the heavy metals were well solidified, and that the leaching concentration was significantly lower than the limit specified by governmental agencies. The potentially toxic element index of the parent glass and the two glass ceramics were 11.7, 5.8, and 3.6, respectively. Therefore, the conversion of hazardous petrochemical incineration fly ash and other solid waste into environmentally friendly glass ceramics shows considerable potential and reliability.
Inhibitory effect of phytochemicals towards SARS-CoV-2 papain like protease (PLpro) proteolytic and deubiquitinase activity
Authors: Kawall Anasha , Lewis Devin S. M. , Sharma Avini , Chavada Krishna , Deshmukh Rahul , Rayalam Srujana , Mody Vicky , Taval Shashidharamurthy
Published: January 2023

Graphical Abstract

Inhibition of proteolytic and deubiquitinase activity of SARS-CoV-2 PLpro enzyme by phytochemicals.
Building a collaborative, university-based science-in-action video storytelling model that translates science for public engagement and increases scientists' relatability
Authors: Seidel Dena K. , Morin Xenia K. , Staffen Marissa , Ludescher Richard D. , Simon James E. , Schofield Oscar
Published: January 2023

Collaborating scientists and storytellers successfully built a university-based science-in-action video storytelling model to test the research question: Can university scientists increase their relatability and public engagement through science-in-action video storytelling? Developed over 14 years, this science storytelling model produced more than a dozen high-visibility narratives that translated science to the public and featured scientists, primarily environmental and climate scientists, who are described in audience surveys as relatable people. This collaborative model, based on long-term trusting partnerships between scientists and video storytellers, documented scientists as they conducted their research and together created narratives intended to humanize scientists as authentic people on journeys of discovery. Unlike traditional documentary filmmaking or journalism, the participatory nature of this translational science model involved scientists in the shared making of narratives to ensure the accuracy of the story's science content. Twelve science and research video story products have reached broad audiences through a variety of venues including television and online streaming platforms such as Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), Netflix, PIVOT TV, iTunes, and Kanopy. With a reach of over 180 million potential public audience viewers, we have demonstrated the effectiveness of this model to produce science and environmental narratives that appeal to the public. Results from post-screening surveys with public, high school, and undergraduate audiences showed perceptions of scientists as relatable. Our data includes feedback from undergraduate and high school students who participated in the video storytelling processes and reported increased relatability to both scientists and science. In 2022, we surveyed undergraduate students using a method that differentiated scientists' potential relatable qualities with scientists' passion for their work, and the scientists' motivation to help others, consistently associated with relatability. The value of this model to scientists is offered throughout this paper as two of our authors are biological scientists who were featured in our original science-in-action videos. Additionally, this model provides a time-saving method for scientists to communicate their research. We propose that translational science stories created using this model may provide audiences with opportunities to vicariously experience scientists' day-to-day choices and challenges and thus may evoke audiences' ability to relate to, and trust in, science.
Fairness in the prediction of acute postoperative pain using machine learning models
Authors: Davoudi Anis , Sajdeya Ruba , Ison Ron , Hagen Jennifer , Rashidi Parisa , Price Catherine C. , Tighe Patrick J.
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Overall performance of machine learning-based prediction models is promising; however, their generalizability and fairness must be vigorously investigated to ensure they perform sufficiently well for all patients.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate prediction bias in machine learning models used for predicting acute postoperative pain.

Method

We conducted a retrospective review of electronic health records for patients undergoing orthopedic surgery from June 1, 2011, to June 30, 2019, at the University of Florida Health system/Shands Hospital. CatBoost machine learning models were trained for predicting the binary outcome of low (≤4) and high pain (>4). Model biases were assessed against seven protected attributes of age, sex, race, area deprivation index (ADI), speaking language, health literacy, and insurance type. Reweighing of protected attributes was investigated for reducing model bias compared with base models. Fairness metrics of equal opportunity, predictive parity, predictive equality, statistical parity, and overall accuracy equality were examined.

Results

The final dataset included 14,263 patients [age: 60.72 (16.03) years, 53.87% female, 39.13% low acute postoperative pain]. The machine learning model (area under the curve, 0.71) was biased in terms of age, race, ADI, and insurance type, but not in terms of sex, language, and health literacy. Despite promising overall performance in predicting acute postoperative pain, machine learning-based prediction models may be biased with respect to protected attributes.

Conclusion

These findings show the need to evaluate fairness in machine learning models involved in perioperative pain before they are implemented as clinical decision support tools.
Combining soil macropore flow with formation mechanism to the development of shallow landslide warning threshold in South China
Authors: Wang Jun , Gong Qinghua , Yuan Shaoxiong , Chen Jun
Published: January 2023

Because of the physical character of soil from granite weathering and the typhoon rains in South China, the model for early warnings of existing shallow landslides cannot be well applied in that area. This study developed a new shallow landslide model based on the effect of soil macropores for determining the rainfall threshold to post an early warning of the possibility of a shallow landslide in South China. We studied the hydrological effects of macropore flow and proposed a mechanistic model of the formation of shallow landslides by introducing the macropore coefficient of granite residual soil. The rainfall threshold of each slope unit was calculated by combining the hydrological model with the proposed shallow landslide model. Lastly, we tested the calculated result in the Maguihe watershed, Guangdong province, South China, which experienced a group of massive shallow landslides on 21 September 2010. The study results showed that the macropores of vegetation roots had a significant effect by increasing the permeability of granite residual soil. Coniferous forest land has the highest initial infiltration rate and stable infiltration rate, followed by shrub forest land, and then bare land. Statistical verification showed that the accurate prediction rate of the proposed model was 80.65%, which is adequate for early warning of shallow landslides in South China. We discuss the application conditions and parameter calibrations of the proposed model, and offer recommendations for future research.
Impact of past steel-making activities on lanthanides and Y (REY) fractionation and potential mobility in riverbank sediments
Authors: Hissler Christophe , Montarges-Pelletier Emmanuelle , Kanbar Hussein J. , Le Meur Mathieu , Gauthier Christophe
Published: January 2023

New technologies significantly disturb the natural riverine cycle of some Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium (REY). Whereas large evidence exists on the anthropogenic impact on REY dissolved and colloidal loads in rivers, there is still a knowledge gap on how suspended load could be impacted. As the river suspended matter is a key driver for the quantity of trace metal transport and mobility toward the other river compartments, it is of importance to evaluate how anthropogenic activity could affect its REY composition. Here, we report how past steel-making processes impacted the REY composition and potential mobility in riverbank sediments collected from a French River basin heavily disturbed by this industrial activity. In comparison to sediment originated from the local soil erosion, the industrial waste released in the river presented very unusual REY patterns. We observed specific LaN/GdN, LaN/LuN and Y/Ho ratios that indicate a strong heritage in the industrial waste of the iron ore used to produce steel. REY enrichments were also highlighted and can be classified as follow: Eu>Yb>Sm>Ce>Tm. The different enrichments might illustrate various fractionation processes that occurred separately on the different lanthanides inside the blast furnace according to temperature, pressure and oxygen fugacity changes. Sequential extractions performed on natural and industrial waste samples showed that REY enrichments in the industrial waste are included in one main fraction, which is strongly labile, whereas REYs contained in the sediment originating from the soil erosion are related to different mineralogical fractions having lower and more specific lability. Finally, REY composition showed that the sediment deposited on the riverbank is composed of two types of materials, which progressively evolved, after the ending of the industrial activity in this region, from a pure industrial waste in depth to a pure natural suspended sediment originated from local soil erosion at the surface.