bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrospun flexible sensor
Authors: Liu Qi , Ramakrishna Seeram , Long Yun-Ze
Published: November 2019

Flexible sensors have received wide attention because of their ability to adapt to a variety of complex environments. Electrospinning technology has significant advantages in the preparation of flexible sensors. This paper summarizes the progress in the preparation of flexible sensors by electrospinning. Sensors that respond to light, stress, and gas are presented separately. Finally, some directions for electrospinning and flexible sensors are discussed.
Recent advances in lithographic fabrication of micro-/nanostructured polydimethylsiloxanes and their soft electronic applications
Authors: Cho Donghwi , Park Junyong , Kim Taehoon , Jeon Seokwoo
Published: November 2019

The intensive development of micro-/nanotechnologies offers a new route to construct sophisticated architectures of emerging soft electronics. Among the many classes of stretchable materials, micro-/nanostructured poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) has emerged as a vital building block based on its merits of flexibility, stretchability, simple processing, and, more importantly, high degrees of freedom of incorporation with other functional materials, including metals and semiconductors. The artificially designed geometries play important roles in achieving the desired mechanical and electrical performances of devices and thus show great potential for applications in the fields of stretchable displays, sensors and actuators as well as in health-monitoring device platforms. Meanwhile, novel lithographic methods to produce stretchable platforms with superb reliability have recently attracted research interest. The aim of this review is to comprehensively summarize the progress regarding micro-/nanostructured PDMS and their promising soft electronic applications. This review is concluded with a brief outlook and further research directions.
Preparation and application of carbon nanotubes flexible sensors
Authors: Li Shuo , Feng Xiao , Liu Hao , Wang Kai , Long Yun-Ze , Ramakrishna S.
Published: November 2019

Based on the good extensibility and conductivity, the flexible sensors (FSs) have a wide range of applications in the field of the electrochemical energy storage and variable stress sensors, which causes that the preparation of FSs also become a hot spot of research. Among the materials for preparing the FSs, the flexible carbon matrix composites (FCMCs) have become the widely used material since the good performance in the properties of electrochemistry and mechanics, which could be divided into three types: the carbon nanofibers (CNFs), the carbon nanospheres (CNSs) and the carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Compared with CNFs and CNSs, the CNTs wrapped by the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) have the advantages of the excellent extensibility and electrochemical stability. Therefore, the CNTs flexible sensor (CFS) could be well used in the field of the FSs. The purpose of this review is summarizing the preparation methods and application fields of CFS and proposing the research direction of CFS in the future. In this paper, two methods for fabricating the CFS have been designed by consulting the methods mentioned in the literature in recent years, and the advantages and disadvantages between the two methods have been explained. The application fields of CFS in recent years are enumerated, and the conclusion that the application fields of CFS are very wide is drawn. At the end of this paper, the review concludes with an overview of key remaining challenges in the application fields of the CFS.
One-pot preparation and applications of self-healing, self-adhesive PAA-PDMS elastomers
Authors: Yao Yujin , Tai Huiling , Wang Dongsheng , Jiang Yadong , Yuan Zhen , Zheng Yonghao
Published: November 2019

A new family of transparent, biocompatible, self-adhesive, and self-healing elastomer has been developed by a convenient and efficient one-pot reaction between poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS-OH). The condensation reaction between PAA and PDMS-OH has been confirmed by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectra. The prepared PAA-PDMS elastomers possess robust mechanical strength and strong adhesiveness to human skin, and they have fast self-healing ability at room temperature (in ~10 s with the efficiency of 98%). Specifically, strain sensors were fabricated by assembling PAA-PDMS as packaging layers and polyetherimide-reduced graphene oxide (PEI-rGO) as strain-sensing layers. The PAA-PDMS/PEI-rGO sensors are stably and reliably responsive to slight physical deformations, and they can be attached onto skin directly to monitor the body’s motions. Meanwhile, strain sensors can self-heal quickly and completely, and they can be reused for the motion detecting after shallowly scratching the surface. This work provides new opportunities to manufacture high performance self-adhesive and self-healing materials.
Modeling of ecosystem dynamics: nonlinearity and synergetics
Authors: Salugin A N , Vlasenko M V , Kulik A K , Pleskachev Yu N
Published: November 2019

Mathematical modeling and computational experiment of the soil-plant systems (SPS) ecology are forming the basis of analysis and prediction scientific paradigm of more complex ecosystems. The dynamics of processes occurring in open biological systems and phenomena occurring in inorganic environments are comparing in this research. The behavior of systems of biotic and abiotic origin has bifurcation points associated with the nonlinear nature of interaction between the external environment and the elements inside, predetermining the synergy of evolution. During the studying SPS using the example of the Black Lands of the Republic of Kalmykia, a mathematical model of multichannel transitions between elements was developed using the Markov process mechanism. The dynamics of the SPS ecotope destruction and recovery was studied in the approximation of homogeneous Markov chains. Stationary final distributions of the comparison of classes derived from matrices with high degrees revealed bifurcation points, the nonlinearity of the succession process. Mathematical modeling gave the lifetime of an intermediate states stable existence. As a result, the methodology for assessing the ecological status of arid ecosystems using Markov chains has been proposed. The analogy with inorganic systems allowed detailing the process of the origin of bifurcation points. Comparison of the dynamics of open systems «living» and «inanimate» nature has led to their synergistic unity. Nonlinear processes in inorganic environment are qualitatively similar to the dynamics of macroscopic systems in ecology.
Damage modelling against non-targeted use of agricultural lands
Authors: Zhichkin K A , Nosov V V , Andreev V I , Kotar O K , Zhichkina L N
Published: November 2019

The article presents the method for the assessment of the amount of improper use (diversion) of agricultural lands at the regional and municipal district levels. The purpose of the research is to improve the method for the calculation of economic loss caused by the diversion of agricultural lands. As a result of the research three kinds of works were distinguished characterized by a different damage structure and a period of time during which the agricultural lands are being occupied. For each of them a different method to assess the economic loss and the formula for its calculation is suggested. The research results are validated within Samara region.
Natural pastures as the most important feed resources
Authors: Imeskenova E G , Sodboeva S Ch , Namdakova T D
Published: November 2019

Distant pastures are an important reserve of livestock feed. The object of research is the territory of distant natural pastures of the Tunkinsky district of the Republic of Buryatia. The studies are carried out in accordance with the Guidelines for conducting scientific research on hayfields and pastures. In order to obtain a long-term economic effect in the Republic of Buryatia, it is necessary to observe the basic elements of rational grazing (grazing load, dates of beginning and end of grazing, compliance with optimal coefficients of phytomass disposal, etc.). The rich natural grasslands and sources of water supply significantly improve the taste of livestock products, and thus increase its competitiveness, while reducing feed costs.
Changes in prokaryote communities of southern chernozem under the influence of different farming systems
Authors: Melnichuk T , Andronov E , Abdurashytov S , Egovtseva A , Abdurashytova E , Kameneva I , Radchenko L , Pashtetskiy V
Published: November 2019

Soil microbiota or microbiocenosis is profoundly influenced by various physical, chemical, and biological environmental factors. Therefore, it serves as a good indicator of soil condition. With the introduction of new farming systems in agriculture, an intensive study and understanding of soil microbial community will make it possible to comprehensively analyze these systems including determining the degree of their impact on agroecosystems. The present study analyzed the structure of prokaryote communities in soil samples collected from the southern chernozem where different agricultural techniques are used, namely conventional, which involves plowing and a new method to the region, i.e., no-till farming. The outcomes were compared with the virgin land. The changes in soil metagenome were analyzed using high productive sequencing of 16S rRNA gene libraries. The authors found out that farming systems significantly influenced the changes in communities of prokaryotes of the southern chernozems, thereby creating conditions for the more active development of some groups of microorganisms while limiting others. A relative resistance to the effects of farming systems was noted for the genera Bacillus and Paenibacillus.
The study of Helianthus annuus L. of domestic breeding in arid Crimea
Authors: Kostenkova E V , Bushnev A S , Vasilko V P
Published: November 2019

An increase in the temperature regime on the planet leads to changes in climatic conditions, as a result of which the aridity of many regions is increasing, which adversely affects, among other things, the productivity of agricultural crops. This issue is also urgent for the Republic of Crimea. The peninsula is characterized by a deficit of precipitation, droughts during the growing season of plants, and an elevated temperature during the period of crop formation. In addition, the situation was aggravated by the cessation of the functioning of the North Crimean Canal, which provided irrigation systems in the region with water. Steep reorientation of the farming system to rainfed conditions implies the introduction of drought-resistant crops into the structure of the cropping land, for which, first of all, it is necessary to identify adaptive varieties and hybrids, as well as to develop a cultivation technology. By order of the President of the Russian Federation No. Pr-1127 as of June 12, 2017, it is necessary to ensure that agricultural producers use, as a priority, competitive domestic seeding and planting material. Since Helianthus annuus L., due to its biological characteristics, is a drought-resistant culture, and the demand for its processed products increases every year, the purpose of our research was to identify the adaptive features of domestic hybrids and the study of plant density in arid conditions of the peninsula. As a result of studies conducted in 2017-2018 in the Research Institute of Agriculture of the Crimea, it was found that the highest yield of seeds of Helianthus annuus L. in agro-climatic conditions of 2017 was demonstrated by hybrids Garant (1.58 t/ha), Signal (1.68 t/ha) and Sprint (1.70 t/ha); in 2018, by Prestige (0.78 t/ha), Signal and Gorstar hybrids (0.59 t/ha). The highest yield of sunflower was observed after sowing with a plant density of 40K ha−1 and amounted to 1.70 t/ha in conditions of 2017 and 0.64 t/ha in 2018.
Peculiarities in plant communities’ formation in crop plantings in the south-eastern part of the Central Russian Upland
Authors: Tokhtar V K , Zelenkova V N , Fomina E V , Chebotaeva E M
Published: November 2019

The article describes a study of plant communities of the south-western part of the Central Russian Upland that form in batches of various crops. Field studies employed the methods of reconnaissance floristic survey. Species diversity of the plant complexes and plant communities were studied with the morphological-ecological-geographical method. The results attest significant differences in their taxonomic and typological structures. In most familial spectra of studied floras, representatives of Asteraceae and Poaceae families prevail, while the counts of species of families Brassicaceae, Caryophillaceae, Fabaceae and Lamiaceae are also high, In the alien fraction of the studied flora, the importance of the following families increases: Amaranthaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lamiaceae, Malvaceae, Portulacaceae. Most weeds pertain to annual xeromesophilic species. The work is aimed at formation and development of sustainable agro-environmental systems with rational use of biological resources.
Influence of iodine based exogenous antioxidants on the productive indicators of laying hens
Authors: Pashtetsky V , Il’yazov R , Ostapchuk P , Kuevda T , Zubochenko A , Zubochenko D
Published: November 2019

The effect of the liposomal form of the antioxidant Polysol Omega-3 on laying hens and on the egg productivity was stated in article. Hens feeding by liposomal form of the antioxidant on protein content in the egg (p≤0.01), the height of dense protein (p≤0.001), the average diameter of dense protein (p≤0.01), the height of the yolk ( p≤0.01), the average diameter of the yolk (p≤0.001) and the quality of the protein in units of How (p≤0.001), by 5.02 g (13.4%), 1.00 mm (20.6%), 1.00 cm (6.99%), 2.2 mm (15.94%), 6.4 mm (13.68%) and 7.4 units. (11.35%) had an impact respectively. An increase in the porosity of the eggs shell in the laying hens of the experimental group was proved by a significant decrease in the Ca content by 0.49 g (p≤0.01). A positive trend in the content of iodine in the eggs of hens of the experimental group at the end of the third month of the experiment was noted at 35.8 μg (828.2 %).
Potential of rural tourism in the Tunkinsky National Park (Baikal region): synergy of environmental and economic factors
Authors: Muzyka S M , Vinober A V , Shvetsova S V , Bondarenko O V , Kozlova S A
Published: November 2019

The presence of unique natural and recreational resources in the Baikal region is a basic condition for the development of rural tourism. Rural tourism is becoming an ecological and social alternative to the technogenic development of agricultural areas. The optimal ecological, social and economic effect of the development of rural tourism requires a multifactor consideration of the territories specifics. This is particularly topical in relation to rural settlements located on the lands of specially protected natural territories. In the Baikal region, Tunkinsky administrative district (the only one in Russia) is located within the borders of the national park. Based on the analysis of the ecological, social and economic situation in the Tunkinsky district in the last decade (2009-2019), the authors conducted a preliminary assessment of the potential for the development of rural tourism. The most promising type of rural tourism, providing synergy of the social and economic development of the Tunkinsky district and compliance with environmental requirements, can only be eco-tourism, which is focused on recreational activities. The article proposes the creation of a tourist cluster of equestrian culture for the development of mobile recreation in a civilized manner. In particular, the Buryat ethnocultural equestrian center and the Cossack equestrian culture center in close cooperation and coordination with the administration of the district and the administration of the national park can conduct year-round work on programs and projects for sports, cultural, educational, ethnographic, and health tourism involving all the settlements in the Tunkinsky district.
Development models of rural areas: theoretical approaches and formation specificity
Authors: Merenkova I , Smyslova O , Kokoreva A
Published: November 2019

The paper gives a scientific idea of rural areas’ development models. The critical analysis of both theoretical approaches towards the perspective models of rural areas’ development and their various scenarios is given. The territorial disproportions of rural areas’ development conditioned by the long-term dominance of the national rural areas’ development model are identified. Based on the outcome of both domestic and foreign practice, the article gives a survey that shows certain ways of how to modernize and correct the rural areas’ development model. Analyzing the theoretical aspect of rural areas’ steady development, the correlation between a variety of rural economy structure and multifunctional character of rural areas is found out which necessitates the diversification of rural economy by means of different businesses stimulation. It’s proved that rural economy is a complex socioeconomic system and its diversification is conditioned by object-subject interconnection. The authors define the structure of diversified rural economy capable of mobilizing the areas’ available resources and accumulating their major spheres and businesses: agricultural (traditional and lost); non-agricultural (industry and construction, forestry, folk craft and handicrafts; service industry (education, health care system, recreation, service occupation). On the basis of the three-pronged approach - “function-structure-target”-the model of rural areas’ diversified economy which has either some predominant industry or combination of different industries is worked out. The perspective directions of restructuring rural areas’ economy based on expert assessment are also defined in the article.
Smart settlement: indicators of quality of life and demand for the Internet of things
Authors: Kurcheeva G I , Klochkov G A
Published: November 2019

The authors considered the concept of "smart settlement". They highlighted a “smart people” subsystem as the main factor in the creation and development of a “smart settlement” based on the Internet of Things. The discussion concerns new indicators of the life for the population in a rural settlement. The limitations for the development of subsystems of a city and a rural settlement and the possibilities for overcoming differences are determined.
Housing market in rural areas of Russia: developmental factors and problems of study
Authors: Larina T , Kibataeva A
Published: November 2019

The rural housing market traditionally performs important socio-economic functions by meeting the demand of population for housing. The level of housing affordability for the population and the level of housing improvement are indirect factors for the development of agricultural production, as they contribute to creating comfortable conditions for everyday life in rural areas. The authors of this article analyzed main problems associated with the study of the rural housing market in Russia, and concluded that the informational base that is formed in the public statistical system deemed is insufficient. The authors also conducted an analysis of scientific publications in relation to the topic and identified factors that can be considered as the basis of the development of rural housing market in Russia.
Technologies of adaptation of rural economy in the conditions of integration with cities
Authors: Visyagin V E , Shupletsov A F , Zhigalov K Yu
Published: November 2019

The paper considers the peculiarities of the functioning of agricultural enterprises and the agricultural sector in the sphere of finance turnover. The main mechanisms leading to the formation of prices of agricultural products, as well as leading to an increase or decrease in its value, are considered. Extreme points are also indicated, the achievement of which leads to an excessive rise or fall in prices for manufactured goods.
Sustainable development management of rural areas of the region
Authors: Fikhtner O A , Shvedina S A
Published: November 2019

The problems of rural development have always been particularly acute not only in different Russian regions, but also in foreign countries. The use of new management approaches and organizational and economic mechanisms of regional development management allow to adopt a long-term strategy of rural development, based on the principles of strategic management. State financing of large infrastructure projects in certain territories, the development of non-traditional areas of activity, information and communication technologies are becoming a source of additional income, employment growth of the rural population, and also increase the level of attractiveness of the region and contribute to its sustainable multi-sectoral development due to the growth of its competitive advantages.
Assessment of remediation potential of flora of the Southern Urals
Authors: Vasilyeva T N , Galaktionova LV , Lebedev S V
Published: November 2019

Soil degradation caused by human activities currently remains one of the most important environmental problems. Phytoremediation is a group of technologies for environmental clean-up and soil restoration by plants. The level of soil contamination, the bioavailability of pollutants, as well as the accumulation of metals by the plant are crucial for phytoremediation. Currently, it seems relevant to study representatives of the herbaceous flora typical for the region from the point of view of accumulation of pollutant metals. For the study we selected 5 sites located in different areas of Orenburg city. The plots estimated the content of total and active forms of heavy metals in the soil. On the study sites, samples were taken from plants during the growing season. The study analyzed the biomass of 11 plant species from 5 families and 8 elements. As a result of a comparative analysis obtained, the paper presents calculated correlation coefficients (R) between the indicators of the concentration of heavy metals in the soil and plants from the point of view of the accumulation efficiency of Pb and Cd. Plants-phytoremediators accumulate Pb from inactive soil forms – Cichorium intybus L. (R2=0.72 at P<0.05) and Polygonum aviculare L. (R2=0.57 at P<0.05). Plant accumulating Pb due to the absorption of its active forms – Arctium lappa L. (R2=0.4 at P<0.01). Promising phytoremediators of available forms of Cd – Polygonum aviculare L. (R2=0.65 at P<0.05) and Plantago media L. (R2=0.55 at P<0.05).
Potential areas of cultivation of Achillea nobilis in the conditions of the Orenburg region
Authors: Zlobina Yu M , Vasilyeva T N , Lebedev S V , Ivanova E A
Published: November 2019

Achillea nobilis L. is a promising medicinal plant in the world. Ecological factors influence the metabolism of plants and their chemical composition. Researches were conducted in 5 districts of the Orenburg region (Perevolotsky, Aleksandrovsky, Pervomaysky, Svetlinsky and Buzuluksky). The spatial and demographic structure of cenopopulations on the ability of accumulation of biologically active substances (BAS) during the procurement of medicinal raw materials A. nobilis was analyzed. As a result of the experiments, it was found that soil fertility (humus content) directly affects the accumulation of pharmacologically active substances in A. nobilis. It has been established that the southeastern part of the Orenburg region is most suitable for growing medicinal raw materials of A. nobilis.
Adaptive changes of the elemental status of Kalmyk cattle to conditions of biogeochemical province of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Sleptsov I I , Tarabukhin N I , Miroshnikov S A , Frolov A N , Zavyalov O A , Balakirev N A
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the study was to compare adaptive changes of the elemental status and hematologic indicators of blood of the Kalmyk cattle brought from the Republic of Kalmykia to the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Three groups of animals were formed for this purpose: brought cows (n=75), first-generation calves (n=28) and second-generation calves (n=16) received in Yakutia. The body weight of cows during bio-substrate selection made 480.4±13.8 kg. Age – 2.3-8.0 years. Wool samples weighing at least 0.4 g were taken from the top withers of animals. The proximal part of hair 15 mm long from the root was taken for analysis. The elemental analysis of samples was carried out via ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Blood samples were taken from a tail vein. The study was conducted using automatic hematologic analyzer: URIT-2900 Vet Plus (URIT Medial Electronic Co., Ltd, China). It is found that the wool of cows brought to the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) had smaller concentration of Ca, Na, K, I, Mn, Zn, B, Sr at higher Hg value in comparison with the first-generation cows and smaller Cu and Zn and higher n Cr, Si, Pb content in comparison with the second-generation animals. The study of blood revealed significant changes in their parameters. Thus, the increase of erythrocytes and lymphocytes is observed from one generation to another with the decrease of the average volume of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in a separate erythrocyte.
Peculiarities of the bone-marrow hemopoiesis, peripheral blood, and the elemental status of the red bone marrow of poultry resulted from copper introduction
Authors: Vishnyakov A I , Udavliev D I , Timofeev D N , Satyukova L P
Published: November 2019

Metals in an electrically neutral form produced with the method of vacuum condensation from metals are finely dispersed powders. The role of chemical elements in an organism is versatile and multifunctional. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the reaction of an organism on the introduction of chemical elements with different biological roles, which is predetermined by the physiological role of organs and body systems. These include the red bone marrow, which primarily responds to endogenous and exogenous factors by its functional significance. In order to study the influence of copper nanopowders on hematopoiesis of birds, we selected 150 10-day-old broiler chickens which formed 5 groups by the method of analogs (n = 30). All said above allows us to conclude that copper nanoparticles ambiguously affect the bone-marrow hemopoiesis of poultry; increasing the dose and changing the type of introduction activate bone marrow hematopoietic function, in particular, granulocyto-, megakaryocyto-, and erythropoiesis. Different dosages and ways of introduction of copper nanoparticles, in our opinion, ambiguously affect the bone-marrow hemopoiesis of poultry when using copper in doses of 1.7 mg/kg of feed, which is 50% of the daily needs of the organism. E A Sizova et al. proved a stimulating effect of copper nanoparticles in the same dosage on liver cells of chicks.
Use of antioxidants in poultry farming (review)
Authors: Pashtetsky V , Ostapchuk P , Il’yazov R , Zubochenko D , Kuevda T
Published: November 2019

An analysis of the literature sources, where the main results of the use of antioxidants in the poultry industry is given in the review article. Adaptation of a bird occurs due to its use of exogenous and endogenous antioxidants under stress. Scientists put forward the natural concept of antioxidant protection of cells. The essence of this protection lies in the fact that antioxidants prevent the leakage of free electrons in the mitochondria of cells by purifying the original radicals. Biologically active compounds, which include antioxidants, are divided into two groups: natural and synthetic. Natural antioxidants in poultry farming are safer, cheaper and can prevent oxidative reactions in food during storage and do not cause metabolic diseases in animals and birds, are a good alternative to synthetic ones.
Improving the competitiveness of fine-wool sheep using local and world stud rams
Authors: Aboneev V V , Tarchokov T T , Sukhanova S F , Aboneev D V , Aboneev E V , Marchenko V V
Published: November 2019

The article compares merino sheep imported from Australian plants in 2004 and 2007 compared and domestic merinos of leading breeding plants of Russia and Stavropol. Australian merinos imported in 2004 did not have a positive effect when crossed with Manich merino ewes. At the same time, the 2007 importation of Australian rams by differentiated selection of Manich merinos depending on their live weight and age, increased meat productivity of their offspring but reduced the level and nature of their wool productivity and comprehensive assessment of animals. In the herds of the Stavropol and Caucasian breeds, the best results were obtained when using stud rams of domestic breeding plants.
Influence of paratypical factors on productive qualities of Holstein cows
Authors: Tarchokov T T , Aisanov Z M , Sukhanova S F , Tleinsheva M G , Mishhozhev A A , Balpanov D S
Published: November 2019

The problems of adaptation of a highly productive Holstein breed to new natural and climatic conditions and using their productive qualities are relevant. In order to study the influence of paratypical factors on the productive characteristics of Holstein cows, productive qualities of Holstein cows and their paternal half-sisters brought from the USA were compared. It has been established that during their first, second and third lactation periods, Holstein cows had better milk yield parameters than their paternal half-sisters brought from the USA. In Holstein cows, values of repeatability and heritability of milk yield parameters were higher than in their half-sisters. The influence of the “Region of reproduction” factor was observed for the milk yield per lactation. To the least extent, it was observed for the mass fraction of protein. The highest frequency, heritability, and factoriality of milk yield parameters were observed in Pilot’s daughters.
Use of new feed additive TTK(G) in the feeding of chickens-broilers
Authors: Pilyukshina E V , Khaustov V N , Nikitenko S A , Baryshnikov P I , Rusanova V V , Pshenichnikova E N
Published: November 2019

At this time are underway the search and study of new feed additives with the properties of growth regulators. One of these is the feed additive TTK(G), made from greens wood of Fir siberian (Abies sibirica), soda ash and clay subjected to joint mechanochemical processing. It contains 4-5% triterpene acids and a large number of other biologically active substances, which have a positive effect on the body of animals and birds. The experience of feeding a new additive was carried out in an experimental poultry house by LLC "Kuzbass broiler» in 2018 on broiler chickens of cross ISA Hubbard F-15. Studies have found that the inclusion in the feed of chickens feed additives TTK(G) in the doses 1.0 kg/t and 1.5 kg/t had contributed to the increase in live weight on 6.8-6.3% (p<0.001), the average daily growth of 6.8-5.6% and a decrease in feed costs per 1 kg of growth by 6.0-5.2%. At the same time, hematological parameters (hemoglobin content, the number of red blood cells and leukocytes in the blood) were normal, which suggests that the feed additive from the needles of fir does not have a harmful effect on the body of broiler chickens.
Meat productivity of chicken broilers when using stress protectors during the pre-slaughter period
Authors: Miftakhutdinov A V , Saifulmulyukov E R , Nogovitsina E A , Miftakhutdinova E A
Published: November 2019

Industrial birds experience stress factors which decrease productivity and cause economic damages to the food security of Russia. However, the modern agrarian science develops and applies stress protectors which increase growth, development and safety of chickens and their meat productivity. The “PIK Antistress” at doses of 1269 and 1693 g/t used 5 days before slaughter increased the average daily weight gain by 0.7-6.6%, the absolute weight gain by 2.3-9.4%, livability by 1.5-2.3%, the ratio of feeding efficiency by 4.5-24.6%, the amount of meat by 0.6-1.2%, the category of meat by 18.5-20.0%.
Improvement of rabbit productivity using probiotics and herbal supplements
Authors: Kurchaeva E E , Vostroilov A V , Artemov E S , Maksimov I V
Published: November 2019

The use of probiotic supplements that normalize the microbiocenosis and enhance the resistance to pathogenic microflora can increase safety and meat productivity of farm animals. The aim of the article is scientific and practical substantiation of the increase in rabbit productivity using girasole beet pulp and the “Sporothermin” probiotic complex. The effects of the “Sporothermin” girasole beet pulp on safety, productivity, physiological status and chemical composition of rabbit meat were studied. 30 cross-bred rabbits aged 45 days were selected. The control group received the basic ration consisting of the PK-90 feed; the experimental groups received the PK-90 feed which included the probiotic complex “Sporothermin” (0.6 g/kg and 1.0 g/kg) and girasole beet pulp (10% to the feed weight). The quality of meat was evaluated at the age of 120 days after the control slaughter in the amount of 3 heads from each group. The data of morphological composition showed that rabbits of the experimental groups had a larger muscle tissue mass than rabbits of the control group by 9.07% and 20.15%, respectively. The analysis of the muscle tissue composition showed that the use of the Sporothermin at a dosage of 1.0 g/kg and girasole beet pulp at a dosage of 10% to the feed weight weight increases the average daily gains and meat productivity, improves the chemical composition which was confirmed by testing the data in the conditions of the industrial company “Lipetsk rabbit” and assessing physicochemical, functional, technological and organoleptic indicators of the resulting meat raw materials.
Influence of "Geprim dlya kur" on morphobic and chemical indicators of rearing flocks and subsequent productivity of laying hens in prevention of hepatosis
Authors: Burkov P V , Miftakhutdinov A V
Published: November 2019

Objective of the study: to determine the impact of "Geprim dlya kur" on the morphobic and chemical parameters of rearing flocks and the subsequent productivity of laying hens in the prevention of hepatosis. The drug was used once in the first day of life as an intramuscular injection. In the course of the experiment, blood and liver were taken for morphological, biochemical and histological studies in poultry of the experimental and control groups during the growing season at intervals of 1 month. It was found out that in the experimental group the preparation stimulates protective and respiratory functions of blood that was expressed in increase in number of leukocytes, erythrocytes and hemoglobin. In the experimental group, the Geprim increases the protein-synthetic function of the liver: in the experimental group of young animals, the level of total protein, albumins and the ratio of albumins to globulins was higher during the two months of the experiment. In the blood serum of experimental chickens, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase increased during two months of the experiment. Alanine aminotransferase activity in the experimental group was higher only in the second month of the experiment - 38.5% in relation to control group. By the end of the third month it decreased in relation to the control group by 36.3%. Histological studies have shown 1. dystrophic liver lesions of young animals are observed during the whole period of cultivation in the form of fat and protein dystrophy; 2. application of heprim reduces the accumulation of fat in the liver by 24.53-43.15%; 3. the preparation prevents protein dystrophy with the achievement of maximum effect by 2 months and further during the whole period of cultivation; 4. Geprim stimulates cellular factors of liver protection. "Geprim dlya kur" in the application of chickens allows obtaining greater productivity from laying hens for 24 weeks. The total number of eggs was higher by 29340, productivity per initial laying hen was higher by 1.6 eggs, per average laying hen - by 0.8 eggs.
Economic assessment of stress prevention in broiler chickens in the pre-slaughter period
Authors: Zhuravel N A , Miftachutdinov A V , Suchanova S F
Published: November 2019

The paper presents studies of the influence of the SPAO complex used at the final stage of fattening at the dose of 185 mg/kg of body weight for four days on the gross yield of meat and its qualitative indices determining the effectiveness of pharmacological anti-stress therapy. The unique mechanism of the drug’s action contributed to the increase in the safety of the herd B compared to the control at 6.9%, live weight before slaughter - by 1.84%. High antistress activity during slaughter reduces the injury rate of chicks in the process of slaughtering, has a positive impact on the quality of the products, which increases the yield of first grade carcasses by 5-7%. By increasing the quantity or improving the quality of products contributes to the achievement of high economic results and determines the economic efficiency of one ruble of veterinary costs from 1.17 to 1.37 rubles. The use of the software ensures the reliability and accuracy of calculations.
Influence of protein concentrate in the diet on productivity and amino acid composition of cow milk
Authors: Buryakov N P , Buryakova M A , Suslova I A , Zaikina A S , Aleshin D E , Stavtcev A E
Published: November 2019

The article presents experimental data on the use of different levels of protein concentrate supplement in the diets of lactating cows with a high proportion of indigestible protein in the rumen. During the course of the research it was observed that the inclusion of Agro-Matic protein concentrate in the amount of 1.0 and 1.5 kg per head per day in the diet instead of other protein feeds increased the level of indigestible (by-pass) protein by 6.3 % and 9.1 %, respectively. The introduction of the maximum amount of Agro-Matic protein concentrate into the diet has contributed to the change in the amino acid composition of milk. It was established that the yield of milk protein during the period of milking was significantly higher in animals receiving different levels of protein concentrate compared to those of the control group. Feeding lactating cows diets with different levels of protein concentrate did not have a negative impact on biochemical parameters of animal blood. All measured blood of experimental animals were within the physiological norms. The maximum content of essential amino acids in the milk of cows from 3 experimental groups was significantly higher and reached up to 1560.9 mg% versus 1480.17 mg% in the control group.
Pharmacological improvement of metabolic processes in piglets in a state of postnatal physiological immaturity
Authors: Kuznetsov A I , Smolyakova N P , Lykasova I A , Gizatullina F G
Published: November 2019

The article presents results of the development of a method for improving metabolic processes in immature piglets. In order to achieve the purpose of the research, pharmacological preparations were selected taking into account the nature of changes in metabolic processes in piglets in a state of acquired immaturity. For this purpose, effects of riboflavin, Vicasol, potassium succinic acid and their combinations were determined separately. It was established that feeding immature piglets with acid potassium (0.125 g) combined with riboflavin (2.5 mg) and vicasol (0.3 g) for 18-21 days improves metabolic processes, ensures the growth and development of animals. Increased development of macroergs decreases the levels of lactic acid and fatty acids, restores semipermeable properties of cell membranes and mitochondria, improves the conjugation of respiration processes with oxidative phosphorylation. Metabolic processes become improved; values of the parameters reach those of mature animals. The method of improvement of metabolic processes in piglets in a state of postnatal immaturity is simple, does not require special equipment and technology. Its implementation removes 100% of the animals from the state of immaturity and increases their live weight by 42.8; the average daily gain is 33.1, the safety level is 39.7%.
Morphological and functional changes of laboratory animals after feeding with cavitation-treated feed
Authors: Bykov A V , Kvan O V , Duskaev G K , Sizentsov AN
Published: November 2019

At present, the priority areas of agrarian science development and scientific support of the agricultural sector of Russia until 2025 are connected with the development of high-tech technologies aimed at finding fundamentally new, environmentally safe and effective methods of intensifying technological processes, improving them, and creating a system of resource-saving technological processes and machines. Current trends in science and technology, from the standpoint of healthy nutrition state policy and implementation of anti-crisis measures in the Russian agro-industrial complex should be focused on developing competitive new generation food products that are promising in terms of import substitution and increasing domestic demandIntroduction. In our work, a significant increase in MEL was revealed in the intestinal mucosa in poultry, when cavitation-treated products were added to their diet. At the same time, the most pronounced increase was in the experimental group using zeolitized tuff, in comparison with group that received cavitation-treated wheat bran.

Thus, this section of the study confirmed that long-term use of such products significantly improves the morphofunctional activity of liver and small intestinal mucosa, it is greater when cavitationally processed products are introduced into the diet, especially when zeolitized tuff is added.
The assessment of morphological features in Hereford cattle
Authors: Dzhulamanov K M , Gerasimov N P , Ruchay A N , Kolpakov V I , Dzhulamanov E B
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the study was to compare the morphological characteristics of Hereford mature herd of different body types at various stages of ontogenesis. Work was carried out in LLC “AF Kalininskaya” of Chelyabinsk region on two groups (n = 15 individual seach) of Hereford cows which are daughters from sires of different body conformation type. Newborn offspring from tall parents were characterized by significant (P < 0.01-0.001) superiority of body length and chest girth characterizing the axial part of the skeleton, and the development of altitudinal measurements characterized the growth of the peripheral skeleton. Later intergroup differences became less noticeable in the linear growth of heifers, which was associated with the limiting factor of dams’ milk productivity, as well as with the pronounced precocity of compact animals. Intensive development of body measurements ended at 15 months of age in animals with compact body type. They reached fully formed skeletal structure at the age of 5 years in terms of basic measurements. Tall individuals have the ability for a longer linear growth up to 6 years of age. The pronounced precocity of compact animals was confirmed by the variability of body volume and area of animals. The results of the study proved that the most noticeable differentiation of cows into body types occurs at later stages of ontogenesis.
The influence of crossbreeding on genetic structure of the Orlov Ttrotter breed
Authors: Kalinkova L V , Kalinkina G V , Makhmutova O N
Published: November 2019

The aim of the study was to investigate the nature of changes in the genetic structure of the Orlov Trotter breed under the influence of the introductory crossbreeding used in the 60s of the 20th century. We analyzed the results of the genotyping of 6700 trotters registered in the Stud Book of the Orlov Trotter breed on 16 microsatellite loci. The differences between the descendants of purebred and crossbred Orlov Trotter horses were determined by the level of polymorphism and heterozygosity. It was found that in the group of Orlov Trotters pedigree of which did not contain ancestors of other breeds, the expected heterozygosity (He=0.709) was slightly higher than the observed heterozygosity (Ho=0.707) with a positive value of the inbreeding coefficient (Fis=0.004). In all groups of Orlov Trotters, pedigree of which contained ancestors of other breeds in various combinations, the inbreeding coefficient Fis had a negative value. The maximum differences between the Fis values were observed between the group of Orlov Trotters pedigree of which did not contain ancestors of other breeds and the group of Orlov Trotters pedigree of which contained ancestors of 3 other breeds: American Standardbred, Russian Trotter and Thoroughbred.
Peculiarities of the metabolism in broiler chickens under the introduction of multienzyme complex “Rovabio” in the diet
Authors: Nikitin A Yu , Lebedev S V , Grechkina V V , Vishnyakov A I
Published: November 2019

The article presents data on studying effects of the enzyme preparation “Rovabio” in rye-containing diets for broilers of the cross “Smena-7” at the age of 14 to 42 days. It was revealed that the inclusion of the enzyme preparation “Rovabio” in the dose of 50 g/t in the combination with trace elements CoCO3 (0.57 mg/kg of feed), Cr2(SO4)3*6H2O (0.38 mg/kg of feed) with the replacement of 15% of wheat to 15% of rye into the diet demonstrated a positive impact of the used dosages of the trace elements on digestibility of organic matter (6.49%), crude protein (4.59%), the protein synthesis and stimulated hematopoiesis in birds. The multienzyme complex increases the integrity of chickens to 96.7% and profitability of poultry meat production by 2.0% due to endo-1.4-ß-xylanase and endo-1.3(4)-ß-glucanase.
Influence of diets with the various nutrient provision on the mineral metabolism in broiler chicken’s organism
Authors: Vishnyakov A I
Published: November 2019

The intensive development of industry in recent years led to the problem of the environment pollution and the survival of humanity in these circumstances became the central challenge today and affected all spheres of human activity. In some cases, technological processes have gone out of control resulting in the rapid accumulation of substances which are uncharacteristic for biosphere (radionuclides, heavy metals, and other toxicants).

As it is known, the blood system and organs of hematopoiesis are the most sensitive, so-called “Critical systems”. In some cases, changes in the blood occur under relatively small doses of substances and may be the only diagnostic indicators of diseases and their consequences.

Studying the influence of the feeding level on mineral metabolism causes some interest due to the application of different poultry feeding modes. In addition, the application of some new food means reduces the overall consumption of fodder due to low palatability, which proves the importance of such research once more.
The content of heavy metals in cows of different breeds
Authors: Zaznobina T V , Ivanova O V
Published: November 2019

Nowadays, one of the environmental problems is the pollution of the environment with heavy metals, the release of which leads to accumulation in the body of animals. The aim of the research was to study the content of heavy metals in the body of cows of different breeds in a separated agricultural enterprise. Researches were held in LLC "EIF Solyanskoe" of Krasnoyarsk region. The objects of research were the blood, urine and milk of cows Red-Motley breed and Black-Motley breed at the age of the second lactation. The result of research determined that concentration of Cu, Zn and Pb in milk and blood serum of Red-Motley cows was more than in Black-Motley cows; on the contrary, in urine the concentration of the studied metals was higher in Black-Motley cows. In general, the content of heavy metals in milk, blood serum and urine of cows of both breeds did not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations, with the exception of Pb in milk, the existence of which was slightly higher than the hygienic norm by 0.02–0.03 mg/kg.