bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cyber-production avatar
Authors: Gurjanov A V , Shukalov A V , Zharinov I O , Zharinov O O
Published: May 2021

To prognosticate a crisis in the small and medium entrepreneurship engaged in technological product manufacturing may lead to creation function expandable platform to control a cyber-production. A cyber-production is a separate technological aggregate physically isolated as a device class. A cyber-production avatar is a system administrator to control the control modes and inter-machinery interaction. The cyber-production technical park area provides the item manufacturing from the idea to a serial sample. To control aggregates within being regulated parameters, which is normally done through the production office functioning center requires from the avatar strong technology and cyber-tools grasp. The labor functions are defined as much as cyber-production operator requirements as an Industry 4.0 worker. The working conditions and system of labor relationships are defined, which are valid for the Industry 4.0 cyber-production as an employer 4.0.
Metrologist – a profession of now and future days
Authors: Priimak E V , Razina I S
Published: May 2021

The profession of metrologist will be in demand as long as there are measuring systems and processes in the world. ATMs, electricity meters, scales, radars, medical devices – all this is an integral part of our life today. And a metrologist, an expert in the measurement and control of all these systems, will always be needed. Moreover, all over the world, and in Russia in particular, there is a process of global automation of production. This suggests that many highly qualified specialists will no longer be in demand and metrologists, on the contrary, will become even more relevant. Preparation of metrologists should meet modern trends. In order to coordinate the requests of all market participants, the transition to professional standards is carried out. Young people will be able to choose a profession based on the use of professional standards, plan training and professional career; educational institutions will be able to form training programs that meet the needs of the market; and employers will be able to get competent specialists.
Changing the pulse duration of a PWM as a means of improving the quality of the ACS regulation using ANN
Authors: Dementev D A , Pomogaev A S , Krasnenko D M , Shtylenko A S
Published: May 2021

This paper investigates the influence of the pulse width modulator on the quality of the automatic control system. The approach to the study of ACS using real technical means of automation has been described. A comprehensive study using different structures of neuron connections of the neuroregulator is carried out. The dynamics of changes of quality indicators of the ACS regulation when the object parameters change towards increasing and decreasing inertia is considered together with it. The research results for each of the configurations are plotted. The values of the control quality parameters are tabulated for further comparison of the configurations’ efficiency.
Theoretical background for simulation of physical processes in the interfacial layer “solid-liquid”
Authors: Ignatyev A A , Gotovtsev V M , Razgovorov P B
Published: May 2021

The paper considers the model of “solid-liquid” interfacial layer represented as a tensor of interfacial stresses by a tensor of molecular pressure. It assumes that the constant density of the medium within the interfacial layer taking into account the low compressibility of fluids. This made it possible to determine the distribution of pressure along the layer thickness. The research shows that if the wetting is adequate, the pressure on the solid wall is considerably higher than the pressure in the liquid volume phase. It has been established that to provide meniscus equilibrium conditions, it is necessary to change the thickness of the interfacial layer along the meniscus height. The research shows that the “solid-liquid” interfacial layer is considerably less thick than the “liquid-gas” layer. As a result, we have obtained theoretical equations to determine state parameters of the interfacial layer in question.
Weld defects and automation of methods for their detection
Authors: Sazonova S A , Nikolenko S D , Osipov A A , Zyazina T V , Venevitin A A
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the process of electric arc welding. We identified the main types and causes of defects in welded joints and analyzed their main non-destructive testing methods. We show the advantages and disadvantages of each method. The method of ultrasonic control is considered in sufficient detail. We show the advantages of ultrasonic testing of welded joints with a flaw detector with antenna arrays on a practical example. The advantages of this method make it widely used to control the quality of welded seams. We considered peculiarities of application of the “USD-soft” PC program, which allows one to automate the control of welded seams. We found out that it is most effective to carry out automated ultrasonic testing in combination with other types of testing. Automated control, which makes it possible to quickly process the information received at the object of research, allows one to save time and immediately start repair work at the object.
Completing the proportional navigation rule with optimizational association funtion based on particle swarm optimization rule
Authors: Nguyen Minh Hong , Pham Xuan Phang
Published: May 2021

The Proportional Navigation (PN) is one of the most successful and widely applied conductive rules in the field of guidance since from the innitial days of its proposal. The success of PN comes from very early by the simplicity and ease of actualization and the especially important reason that leads to the success of the PN is permanent or poor maneuverability target. However, with the development in aerospace science, the maneuverability of flying vehicles is constantly improving. This causes PN to reveal its disadvantages, reduce its accuracy when sticking and attacking mobile targets. The paper presents a guidance rule based on fuzzy logic on basis of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The proposed guidance rule (FPSOG) is simulated according to PN to exploit the advantages of PN but still ensure the optimal and flexible design by fuzzy logic and PSO algorithm. The results of the completion process of FPSOG were investigated and compared with PN and pure Fuzzy Proportional Navigation (FPN) rule MATLAB software.
Preparation of samples for investigating the durability of aluminum alloy D16AM after deformation and magnetic-pulse processing
Authors: Ahmed Soliman M E , Kurlaev N V , Ryngach N A
Published: May 2021

The analysis of accidental operational impact damage to the wing structure, which is experienced by the aircraft structure during its service life, is necessary to solve safety problems. The task of this work is to build a realistic picture of accidental mechanical damage on an aircraft wing made of D16AM aluminum alloy. Acts of technical condition research when extending resources and periodically confirming the airworthiness of sample parts, reports of technical services and repair plants for documenting the technical condition of aircraft. The work is devoted to the study of parts’ cyclic durability made of aluminum alloy D16AM in tests for complex mechanical damage. The proposed solutions are performed at two levels of the magnetic-pulse pressure amplitude (P
1 = 32MPa and P
2 = 20MPa) by the ANSYS / LS-DYNA software. The influence of various types of stress state on cyclic strength is an urgent research area in aircraft maintenance and repair service.
Linear model of the electrogasdynamic characteristics of the dry electrostatic cooling nozzle
Authors: Khripunov N V
Published: May 2021

A brief review of the essence and physical mechanisms of dry electrostatic cooling technology is presented, the areas of application of this technology are described and the main aspects which hamper its wide use are formulated, in particular the insufficient theoretical study of the issue of determining the main electrogasdynamic parameters of the nozzle of the dry electrostatic cooling unit while designing technological operations. The maximum electric voltage, ensuring stable corona discharge in the nozzle of the unit without transition to spark discharge - pre-spark voltage - was accepted as the main indicator of effective functioning of the unit of dry electrostatic cooling. Experiments were performed to study the impact of nozzle diameter and air pressure on the pre-spark voltage. In the course of the experiments a linear dependence of the pre-spark voltage on the nozzle diameter was found. It was also found that there is a constant for all diameters of stabilization air pressure, above which the pre-spark voltage does not change significantly. Experiments were carried out to study the impact of nozzle needle offset on the pre-spark voltage at an air pressure equal to the stabilization pressure. As a result of the experiments, the limit offset of the needle ensuring stable functioning of the dry electrostatic cooling unit was found. The parameter of nozzle geometry - modified diameter - is proposed. This parameter integrates the nozzle diameter and the needle offset. Using the modified diameter, an easy-to-use linear dependence between the studied parameters is obtained.
Technoinnovation as an essential element of training for engineers
Authors: Solodikhina M V , Solodikhina A A
Published: May 2021

The paradox of the modern labor market, when there is a shortage of engineering and technical personnel in the presence of a sufficient number of graduates of technical universities, is associated with a deformation of demand: only those specialists are in demand, which are either economically unprofitable or impossible to replace with technical devices, since so far artificial intelligence is not capable of creative creating innovations. The problem is that there are disproportionately few well-prepared schoolchildren among applicants to technical universities, and among university graduates there are many who have chosen a career outside the STEM sphere. There is no shortage of engineers, there is a shortage of highly qualified creative specialists. To train such specialists, it is necessary to increase the inflow of the most talented and creative students to technical universities, and then keep them in the STEM sphere. To test the hypothesis that a good way of attracting young people to the choice of an engineering career is to endow students with successful experience of technological invention, courses “Techno-Startup” for schoolchildren and “Technoinnovation” for students of technical universities were developed. The objectives of these courses are: to give students the experience of creating techno-innovation, to increase the motivation for a career in STEM among the most prepared students, to form critical thinking.
Creation of a magnetoelastic material deformation
Authors: Ja Minaev A , Korovkin Ju V
Published: May 2021

The paper contains the results of studies of the conditions for creating deformations in magnetoelastic elastomers. To create deformation, tension and compression of the material, it is proposed to use a system of electromagnets. The substantiation of the creation of the lifting force of the electromagnet, which overcomes the elastic force of the test material, is given. An analytical calculation of the forces of magnetic fields acting on a magnetoelastic elastomer is presented. A functional diagram and design of a device for creating deformation under the action of the generated magnetic fields are presented. The proposed technological solution can be used in many areas.
The study of the optical constants of BaYF5 and SrY2F8 films
Authors: Kotlikov E N , Lavrovskaya N P , Shifrin B F
Published: May 2021

Double fluoride films are used as low-refractive films in the mid-IR range of the spectrum. They have better moisture resistance and hardness then fluorides. Their using in the interference coatings requires knowledge of the optical constants of the films. The paper describes a spectrophotometric method for determining the optical constants of films with absorption based on the correction of the reflection and transmission spectra. The results of a study of optical constants also are presented in this paper: the refractive indices n and the extinction coefficients k of BaYF5 and SrY2F8 films in the spectral range of 1.5–16 µm.
Automation methodology of the surface creation of products thin-walled shell
Authors: Khotina Galina , Churakova Ekaterina
Published: May 2021

To succeed in the process of educational design, it is necessary to understand and formulate the principles that underlie the creative activity of students and are conditioned by the patterns of technique and technology development. In the process of educational design, opportunities arise for students to use their knowledge about the mechanical, physical, chemical, technological and operational properties of products for the manufacture of an educational design object, as well as for the application and improvement of their practical knowledge and skills. In this work, the authors set themselves the task of resolving the arising methodological disagreements in the process of teaching junior students solid-state modeling of the constituent parts of complex products. It has been established that before proceeding with the design of a unit, it is necessary to analyze it, select individual surface areas and outline methods for their construction, including the construction of complete sketches of individual elements.
Transverse bending of waveguide by gravity load
Authors: Kudryavtsev I V , Brungardt M V , Kudryavtseva Yu , Kolotov A V , Rabetskaya O I
Published: May 2021

The paper considers the problem of gravitational loading of an extended thin-walled structure of a waveguide with a rectangular cross-section. The waveguide is modeled by a composite structure of 4 plates. The solution was based on the theory of plates and shells for each plate constituting the cross-section of the waveguide. The analytical solution is based on 5th-degree polynomials using the Airy function and the Saint Venant semi-inverse method. Calculations according to the proposed method were compared with data obtained according to beam theory. The comparison confirmed the correctness of the technique and showed that the proposed solution predicts large values of maximum stresses and deformations by 10-14% due to taking into account the fineness of the structure. Also, the proposed approach revealed tangent stresses at the angles of the rectangular cross-section, which arise due to the inhomogeneity of deformation of the elements of this cross-section.
Review of missing values procession methods in time series data
Authors: Petrusevich D A
Published: May 2021

Missing values is common problem for a lot of time series. Lack of data can be caused with human factor, technical problems non-working measuring stations and so on. Usual methods of handling missing values in time series data suppose that there are models of time series that can make predictions at period one needs to describe. To build them it’s necessary to have data of some time lapse before the period under investigation. Inside of this set of data there shouldn’t be any missing values. So, ordinary approach supposes that there’s a lot of data before the period under question. In this research it’s supposed that missing values can be situated in time series data at any time point. Thus, there’s no whole uninterrupted segment of time series that can be used to train models. Missing values in these time series must be handled first and only after that it’s possible to construct time series mathematical models and make forecasts. At this stage one can evaluate quality of constructed models and whether handled missing values fit known data.
Approximation of the filtration flow curve through the layers of sorbents and ionites in petrochemical and environmental mass transfer equipment
Authors: Merentsov N A , Balashov V A , Golovanchikov A B , Topilin M V , Persidskiy A V
Published: May 2021

A modified equation is presented for approximating experimental filtration flow curves through layers of sorbents and ionites in petrochemical and environmental mass transfer equipment, which makes it possible to decipher the contribution of the increasing inertial component of the filtration flow structure and to estimate the intensity of the upgrowth of filtration flow turbulence. The prospects of using the modified equation for solving spatial filtration problems are shown, since it ensures the continuity of the velocity fields and pressure gradients with successive changes in the filtration flow mode.
Implementation of the greening process at oil and gas industry enterprises
Authors: Yakovlev V A , Berezhnov D A
Published: May 2021

This article provides an analysis of the main problems that affect the greening of products and their marketing systems, and considers international norms, rules and environmental standards in the field of marine fuel use. The effective solution of the problem and the development of related areas of improvement of the system of introduction of greening of fuel products and its further marketing, including external, information, technological and structural components, are proposed. The development of the market for the sale of liquefied natural gas, research on the creation of fuel with a reduced sulfur content, strengthening quality control in the organizational mechanism for the sale of finished products, as well as increasing the level of greening during transshipment, transportation and bunkering are considered as directions for implementing the goal of greening.
Management of metrological examination processes based on a risk-oriented approach
Authors: Simkin A Z , Mozhaeva T P , Proskurin A S
Published: May 2021

The paper describes the basics of managing metrological examination processes in the quality management system of an enterprise based on a risk-oriented approach in the interpretation of international standards ISO 9000:2015. A procedure for identifying and structuring the risks of metrological examination processes is proposed based on the modular-hierarchical model of the enterprise quality management system, which is connected with defining the category of the process under study and correlating its parameters with the risk characteristics. The arguments are given to prove the advantages of using the procedure for managing the metrological examination processes in the quality management system of an enterprise based on a risk-oriented approach.
High performance computers: from parallel computing to quantum computers and biocomputers
Authors: Yerlanova G , Serik M , Kopyltsov A
Published: May 2021

Various programming methods are considered. Particular attention is paid to parallel programming, quantum computers and biocomputers. This attention is due to the fact that in recent years, high-performance computing has been intensively developing. One of the main ideas for increasing the speed of information processing is to carry out calculations in parallel. For classical programming methods this is achieved thanks to the advent of multiprocessor computers. Such computers allow computational tasks to be parallelized by introducing parallelization elements into classical programming languages. Another approach to speed up computation is based on the idea of a quantum computer. The use of qubits in quantum computers leads to the fact that all possible states of the system are simultaneously processed. Another approach leading to increased computing performance is based on the development of biocomputers. This approach is based on the idea of using DNA chains consisting of a sequence of four nitrogenous bases (adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine). The information is stored and processed as a sequence of these nitrogenous bases. An increase in the speed of calculations is carried out due to the fact that biochemical reactions can take place simultaneously on different parts of the DNA - chains.
Methods for monitoring metrological characteristics of scientific and physical parameters of intelligent sensors in real operating conditions
Authors: Matyakubova Parahat M , Masharipov Shodlik M , Ruzmatov Kakhramon R , Sultanov Murodjon K
Published: May 2021

Intelligent sensors - the direction of studying the characteristics of scientific and physical parameters in real conditions (in the regions of Uzbekistan at the Aral Sea). This article provides brief information on monitoring methods using software, an analysis of the physical activity of various sensors in an area of over 220 hectares given in the Khorezm region. Creating a common relationship between humanity and the environment with the support of information technologies.
Assessment of overall equipment effectiveness according to OEE methodology
Authors: Mitsel A A , Grirorieva M V , Yu Dunaeva T
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the Overall Equipment Effectiveness indicator, the parameters of which are Availability, Performance and Quality are random variables. Mathematical models are described for calculating the probability density of a random value of Overall Equipment Effectiveness, which characterizes the efficiency of equipment use. The relevance of the study is due to the relevance of methods for assessing the effectiveness of equipment and improving production processes in industrial enterprises.
Study and analysis of the influence of stresses arising in a damaged thin-walled cylindrical container during compression
Authors: Antypas I R
Published: May 2021

The subject of the article is important today; it is concerned with study of the effect of stresses, which occur in thin-walled cylindrical containers, such as tanks of fuel-servicing trucks, tankers, railroad tankers, and other containers operated under pressure, which are utilized in various sectors of the national economy. The goal of the undertaken researches is study and analysis of the effect of stresses, which occur in a thin-walled cylindrical container as a result of an inclined dent. Test results showed that during study of the effect of stresses, which occur in the damaged area of a thin-walled cylindrical container, it was discovered that their values depend on the angle of the dent’s edge with respect to the container. Moreover, stresses in the damaged area decrease with an increase of the angle and maximum values occur when axes of a dent’s edge and container are parallel with each other. Timely maintenance by applying metal bands to the damaged area greatly decrease stresses, especially if rhomboid bands are used.
Research of sliding bearings with reverse friction pair and inlaid liners made of thermoplastic composite materials
Authors: Rogovskii I L , Titova L L , Yu Remshev E , Solomka O V , Voinash S A , Malikov V N , Olehver A I
Published: May 2021

In the article the authors reveal technical solutions to increase the efficiency of inverted plain bearings with typesetting inserts made of thermoplastic composite materials by determining their rational parameters. The working hypothesis of the research was the postulate that the efficiency of composite polymeric materials is determined not only by high physical and mechanical and other properties, but also by the rational design of the friction unit. In the article, the authors proposed the developed experimental design of the inverted plain bearing, which differs from the existing ones in that the plastic inserts of the plain bearing are made in the form of prisms with a rectangular cross section, one side of which is an arc. The authors present analytical dependences that allow to determine the load that is perceived by the most loaded liners under the simplest load condition and a purely radial load applied to a radial bearing having a contact angle. The article reveals the results of laboratory tests and found that the total linear wear of the bearings of the sliding bearing in the form of inverted friction pair at 100 hours of continuous operation in a grease environment is 20…25% less than the bearing in the form of direct friction pair.
Carrier phase difference measurement method for GNSS-simulator navigation signal
Authors: Frolov A A , Yu Burtsev S , Pecheritsa D S
Published: May 2021

A method for measuring phase difference of carrier frequency of GNSS-simulator navigation signal, based on the use of a multichannel analogue-to-digital converter and phase processing at intervals of its linear change is proposed. The developed method makes it possible to measure the phase difference of carrier frequency of radio navigation signal with a non-excluded systematic error 1.5°.
Improvement of the drawing process on the shopfloor taking into account simulation in industry 4.0
Authors: Khaimovich I N , Chaeva S U
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the production process and equipment for producing FLRY-25-C wire; simulation experiments were carried out in AnyLogic, which allow assessing the effect of changing various system parameters on the output of the final product. The author identified a number of problems in the production cycle of manufacturing wire FLRY-25-C and proposed measures to improve the efficiency of this process. As a result, it was found that the implementation of the proposed measures helps to reduce the duration of the production cycle for the wire manufacture by 68 hours, respectively and to increase the productivity of the process by 40%.
Study of the machine unit of the saw gin seed-retracting device
Authors: Mukhammadiev D M , Akhmedov Kh A , Kh Abzoirov O , Mallaev O S , Esanova N B
Published: May 2021

The article provides the results of research on the machine unit of the seed-retracting device of the saw gin. The equations of motion of the machine unit of the seed-retracting device of the saw gin were derived and the moments of inertia of the electric motor and the seed-retracting device were experimentally determined. As a result of research, the critical values of the driving moment of an electric motor (according to the characteristics of M.M. Sokolov and others) and the angular acceleration of the saw cylinder and the time of the transient process were stated. It was determined that the maximum value of the angular velocity of the seed-retracting device reaches 53.191 rad/s at t=2.061 s, delaying the electric motor velocity by 0.4 s, since the maximum value of the angular velocity of the electric motor reaches 130.598 rad/s at t=1.605 s.
To the solution of some problems of roller pressing of sheet materials
Authors: Musirov M U , Buriyev E S
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to solving one of the basic hydraulic problems of the theory of roller pressing of sheet materials. Analytical dependencies are obtained that describe the distribution patterns of hydraulic pressure during roller squeezing of sheet materials. The analysis of the calculations showed that the obtained patterns of changes in hydraulic pressure are consistent with the theoretical conclusions and experimental diagrams obtained by other researchers.
Optimization of calculating operations in designing of mechanical drives
Authors: Savostina T P , Dyachenko A G
Published: May 2021

The present article is concerned with optimization of calculation of project design work in the context of determining the optimal structural weight. As an example, the article considers a mechanical double-reduction drive. Using the condition of minimum total center distance, the kinematic diagram of a double-reduction cylindrical reducer was optimized, with consideration of the effect of bending fatigue strength of teeth. In addition, optimal gear ratios were obtained in Excel.
Assessment of the influence of deviations in the shape of the surface of the part on the measurement error
Authors: Zh Shkaruba N , Leonov O A , Grinchenko L A
Published: May 2021

The analysis of the factors influencing the occurrence of errors when measuring linear dimensions by universal measuring instruments have carried out. It has shown that for linear measurements, the errors of measuring instruments are in most cases the main components that have a dominant effect on the total measurement error. The specific components of the measurement error at the stage of defective detection of parts during machine repair have considered. For the analytical representation of the current size, a polar coordinate system has introduced and an equation for the contour of the cross section of the measured part has drawn up. To quantify the error caused by not detecting the smallest diameter of the part, an error formula has derived for the oval profile of the part. The estimation of the influence of the number of measurement directions during fault detection on the value of the measurement error has been carried out. Recommendations have presented to reduce the measurement error associated with the deviation of the geometric shape.
Calculation of the upper beam bending of a saw gin
Authors: Mukhammadiev D M , Akhmedov Kh A , Ergashev I O , Yu Zhamolova L , Abdugaffarov Kh J
Published: May 2021

The article presents the data of studies of the upper beam deflection of a saw gin. The displacement-based finite element method can be used to calculate the upper beam bending of a saw gin with variable thickness. It was determined that under the maximum load of 3004.43 N/m on the upper beam of the saw gin, the deflection reached 10.2 mm at L=1.327 m. Therefore, to reduce the deflection of the upper beam, it is necessary to increase the moment of inertia by changing its cross-section. To do this, it is necessary to create a new design of the upper beam of a saw gin, providing the greater value of the moment of inertia than I=2.19-105 m4
Investigation of the free expansion of thin-walled tubular parts by pulsed-magnetic field
Authors: Kurlaev N V , Ryngach N A , Tagoev F M , Ahmed Soliman M E
Published: May 2021

Magnetic-pulse processing is the process of converting the preliminarily accumulated electrical energy of the capacitor into the plastic deformation work of the workpiece. The technological processes of magnetic-pulse processing have complex electromechanical nature and also associated with high strain rates. These process parameters are difficult to determine experimentally, so it is proposed to perform and analyze them through numerical modeling. This article presents a study of the expansion rate of a tubular workpiece and its effective plastic deformation by pulsed- magnetic field. The influence of process parameters on free tube expansion is discussed in detail. The results were obtained through 3D finite element modeling, using the ANSYS software. The development of such a finite element modeling model makes it possible to exclude the conduct of experimental studies to detect the magnetic-field and the velocities, which are involved in the process. Numerical research makes it possible to determine the optimal value of the pulsed-magnetic field pressure for free expansion of tubular parts.
Analysis of model for assessing the road train movement stability
Authors: Stroganov Yu N , Belov V V , Belova N N , Maksimov A N , Ognev O G
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we conduct a mathematical analysis of the model of ensuring the road trains movement stability by changing the design of coupling devices to determine the critical characteristic parameters of the road trains, which result in the loss of en-route directional stability under external action. The concept of the model was to separate the process of yawing of the road trains and its elements (due to external perturbing action) on the highway into several typical stages. The main parameters of the stages (the displacement amplitude and rotation angle of the road trains elements in relation to the driving direction) were determined based on the initial conditions of the road trains movement, the force and duration of the external action. The most dangerous areas of external action application to the road trains were determined in this paper. The maximum permissible exposure limit should not exceed 0.5–1.0% of the road trains trailer momentum, with duration having the greater effect than the amount of impact. The results obtained can be used in mechanical engineering to improve the road trains performance.
Static and dynamic approaches in industrial metrology in the framework of measuring enterprise productivity
Authors: Ganshina E Y
Published: May 2021

Workforce productivity measurement is a key metric at the evaluation of the operational efficiency for any industrial enterprise. The relevance of measuring the operational efficiency horizon - static or dynamic approaches in industrial metrology - is due to the need to ensure long-term sustainable development. Accelerating workflow and innovation is redefining performance measurements by offering new sources of productivity gains. The reduction in personnel becomes economically due to the reduction in downtime. Such innovations are especially effective when considering static performance metrics. At the same time, a dynamic approach that does not provide for staff reduction, but aimed at reducing the labor costs of each individual employee, no less positively affects productivity metrology, while laying a more stable, long-term trend for maintaining and increasing the achieved indicators.
Selection of the circumferential speed of the spiked cylinders of cotton cleaners - raw from small trash
Authors: Rajabov O I , Kurbonov F A , Abrorov A S , Gafurova M Z
Published: May 2021

This article presents the materials of the theoretical analysis of the working bodies of the machine for cleaning cotton raw materials from small trash. And also the influence of the speed of rotation of the peel cylinder of the cleaner on the separation of small trash from raw cotton was studied. It has been proven that a differential increase in the speed of the spiked will lead to an increase in the cleaning efficiency of the machines. It is recommended that the speed of the first cylinder be 10 m / s, the speed of the second cylinder 11 m / s, the speed of the third cylinder 12 m / s, etc.
Metrological assurance of the characteristics of electric drives at the design stage
Authors: Rokachevskii O A , Sleptsov V V , Ablaeva A E , Kanaev S A , Moskalenko O V
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the study of determining the quality indicators of the controlled electric drives that determine the characteristics of metal-cutting machine tools, robocars, industrial robots and other automatic equipment. The main trends in the development of electric drives are highlighted. Special attention is paid to the technical requirements for the controlled electric drives. A mathematical model of an electric drive with a valve motor is presented, using which it is possible to determine the main metrological characteristics of the electric drive specified in GOST even at the design stage, using a mathematical device. The use of the presented mathematical model makes it possible to make changes to the planned operating modes of the electric drive, select the parameters of the speed and current regulators, and study the influence of non-linearities. The model reflects all the features of the circuit design of the regulators and the power amplifier. The work presents tachograms for determining the coefficients of uneven rotation and frequency bandwidth. The analysis of the obtained tachograms makes it possible to theoretically determine the range of speed control of the electric drive. The results of an experimental study of a test sample of the controlled electric drive under consideration are presented, illustrating the correctness of the calculations performed.
Investigation of the effective performance of diesel engines running on methanol and rapeseed oil methyl ether
Authors: Likhanov V A , Lopatin O P , Yurlov A S , Anfilatova N S
Published: May 2021

Currently, diesels are widely used as a power plant for the global automotive and tractor fleet. Undoubtedly, this cannot but affect the depletion of the world’s fossil fuel reserves and the rise in prices for oil and petroleum products. On the other hand, due to the constant increase in the number of power plants and the deteriorating environmental situation, it is no less important to maintain the required level of purity of diesel (D) exhaust gases (EG). This raises the question of finding new alternative energy sources and using them in existing engines. An important task in this case is to maintain the power and economic indicators at the level corresponding to the serial engine. The paper presents the results of studies of the working process of D using methanol (M) and rapeseed oil methyl ether (ROME). The minimum ignition portion of rapeseed oil methyl ether is set, which ensures stable operation of the D both at low loads and at idle, and over the entire load characteristic. The required composition of biofuels for the D under study is determined and recommended as optimal. The effective parameters of the D under load conditions when operating on M and ROME are studied in detail. At the same time, experimental characteristics of the effective indicators of a D running on these alternative fuels are established.
The influence of thermophysical conditions on the formation of wax models in moulds from polymer composite materials
Authors: Sharshin V N , Sukhorukov D V , Sukhorukova E V
Published: May 2021

Investment casting has always been referred to as mass casting. This circumstance is associated with the high cost of moulds. The paper deals with materials from polymer composite materials for the manufacture of moulds. Investigations of thermophysical properties of polymer composites under cyclic loads under heating-cooling conditions have been performed. The results obtained have been implemented in real industrial production and can be used for one-off production with a significant reduction in the cost of tooling and, as a consequence, castings.
Modeling the impact of shell wall thickness thinning on the stress state
Authors: Abdrakhmanova Karina , Yarmonov Evgeniy , Kulakov Petr , Tlyasheva Rezeda
Published: May 2021

A large number of fire-flame-proof substances, complex technological processes, characterizes oil and gas industry. Ensuring safety and preventing accidents are important issues for oil and gas industry. Modeling in modern software systems contributes to assessing the current situation and making the right decisions to extend safe operation life and increase equipment reliability. The wall thickness of a shell, even before putting in operation, is differential. In this paper, the effect of shell wall thickness thinning on the stress state is considered, taking into account the possible permissible deviation within the limits of GOST. The purpose of research is to prove the necessity and importance of taking into account uneven distribution of wall thickness for calculations. The object of study is cylindrical shell made from steel 09G2S. The thinning zone varied along the length of the study object. According to calculations result in SolidWorks software package, thinning, within the permissible possible deviation, at low pressures does not pose a danger. In case of increase in pressure up to 6 MPa and above, which is often used in complex technological processes, it leads to stress increasing in shell wall, which can contribute to strength characteristics deterioration. The results of research emphasize the importance of taking into account all features of a research object in 3D modeling, because it is at the heart of a new promising method of production management, like a digital twin.
Modeling ideas for ruled surfaces and their implementation in applied geometry
Authors: Nartova L G , Anamova R R , Leonova S A
Published: May 2021

The study provides theoretical and applied issues related to the establishment of interdisciplinary relations between different disciplines. An algorithm for geometric modeling of ruled surfaces is presented. Its distinctive feature is the fact that in geometric modeling the model is always a geometric figure. New geometric configurations have been obtained, due to the mutual introduction of the foundations of technology and geometry. As a result of the study, it was found that the interdisciplinary connections of geometry and technology make it possible to obtain new geometric configurations, on the basis of which it is possible to achieve new results in aviation technology and in other industries.
Mathematical model describing the rate of evaporation of high-temperature petroleum products used in the oil and gas industry
Authors: Korolev D S , Vytovtov A V , Odnolko A A , Kargashilov D V , Sitnikov I V
Published: May 2021

Within the framework of the study, the process of evaporation of heated high-temperature oil products was studied, the results were used to determine the calculated values of the mass of vapors formed during the evaporation of spills of liquids heated above the design temperature. The result of the study was the development of a theoretical model based on the Stefan formula describing the rate of evaporation. This made it possible to establish that when heating high-temperature organic compounds form explosive vapor-air mixtures that pose a fire hazard.
Metrological support of cylinder liner inspection
Authors: Golinitskiy P , Antonova U , Cherkasova E , Temasova G , Toygambaev S
Published: May 2021

On the example of the technological process of repairing cylinder liners, a method for assigning control points has been developed to assess the quality of the process by stages of its implementation. Methods and means of measurement have been selected for each control point.
The mechanism study for changing the precision parts dimensional accuracy such as bearing rings
Authors: Babenko M G , Samoilova E M , Slesarev S V , Vinogradov M V , Yu Davidenko O , Melentiev V A , Bokova L G , Gorbachev V O
Published: May 2021

The article presents the mechanism studies results for changing the precision parts dimensional accuracy such as bearing rings, arising from the residual stress diagrams asymmetry relative to the rings transverse and longitudinal sections main axes occurring during the relaxation process. The stabilizing geometric parameters’ problem is especially acute in the accuracy’ precision rolling bearings production classes 6 and higher, which are widely used in various machines and units. Even a slight change in dimensions over a time certain period leads to an accuracy sharp loss in these bearings. The existing technology and known methods for stabilizing geometric parameters, such as heat treatment, low-temperature tempering, artificial ageing, are ineffective since their use in practice lead to high energy costs, and the geometric dimensions and shape refinement degree is negligible. Therefore, work on improving the technology for stabilizing the precision bearings geometric indicators is very relevant.
Development of a method for diagnostics of the technical condition of spindles of metalworking machines
Authors: Chetvernin M U , Barbashov N N , Podolskiy A I
Published: May 2021

A method for operational diagnostics of the technical condition of drives of metalworking equipment is proposed. A method has been developed to improve the accuracy of machining spindles of metalworking machines using high-performance precision equipment. The development of the method was carried out on the basis of modeling and analysis of the runout of the axis of rotation (taking into account the process of shaping the surface of the part).
Estimation of the accuracy of measurements of oil mass in fiscal metering
Authors: Shalovnikov E A , Krasnov A N , Yu Prakhova M
Published: May 2021

In modern metrology, two approaches to assessing the accuracy of measurement results have been formed: the traditional approach using errors and a relatively new approach based on the concept of uncertainty. The question of which of them to use in a specific metrological situation is not idle and is of great practical importance. In particular, this applies to the commercial accounting of marketable oil, especially when it is supplied abroad. In Russia, at the level of state accounting policy, an estimate is made based on the error, and in most other countries - according to uncertainty, which causes discrepancies in the mass of oil exported. The article analyzes both approaches and, on the basis of a comparative calculation of both estimates for several systems for measuring the quantity and quality of oil (OQMS), through which commercial accounting is conducted, the expediency of switching to an estimate through expanded uncertainty is shown.
New natural feed additives: efficiency in pork production
Authors: Slozhenkina M I , Gorlov I F , Nikolaev D V , Mosolov A A , Frolova M V
Published: May 2021

This article presents the results of research on the technology of using microalgae and various prebiotics in the production of pork. The use of chlorella, LactuVet feed additive and their complex in the composition of granular compound feeds has a beneficial effect on the body of growing young pigs.
Adaptive Friction Compensation Control for a Roll-Isolated Strapdown Inertial Navigation System
Authors: Wang Zuocheng , Yao Xiaoxian
Published: May 2021

In order to meet the requirements of miniaturization and low cost of rolling missiles, the roll-isolated strapdown inertial navigation systems began to be applied to such weapon systems. This paper proposes an adaptive control approach based on LuGre friction torque model to eliminate the influence of the nonlinear characteristics of the friction torque of the roll-isolated platform at low speed. Two nonlinear state observers are used to estimate the unknown state variables in LuGre model, and the parameters of the model are adaptively estimated. The global asymptotic stability of the system is proved by Lyapunov method. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional control approaches, this approach improves the control precision and low-speed performance of the roll-isolated platform, and can meet the performance requirements of the roll-isolated strapdown inertial navigation system.
The Design of Wearable Auxiliary Rehabilitation Equipment Gloves
Authors: Zhang Y T , Chen Y W , Den X T , Guan H W
Published: May 2021

In order to help hand dysfunction people to rehabilitate hand muscles and train hand muscles, we designed and developed a wearable rehabilitation equipment glove. First, we collected data from a sample hand and fitted its motion trajectory. Through analysis and comparison, we decided to use the linkage mechanism as the actuator and pneumatic drive as the driving method. In order to ensure flexibility, accuracy and stability, we designed and optimized the number and position of the connecting rods. Finally, we will get a set of rods that can simulate the movement of the fingers, and use springs to increase the flexibility of the mechanism. We studied the rigidity of the mechanism and determined the material of the device. After obtaining the model, we will perform a static analysis on the final state of the finger to ensure the safety of the device.
Adaptive Control of pH Neutralization Process based on Feedback Linearization Technique
Authors: Hamad Eljack Elameen Mohanad , Bahaeldin Musa Hago Mona , Tan Wen
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a nonlinear adaptive controller for pH neutralization process, which is difficult to control due to its nonlinear dynamics, sensibility to small disturbance and time-varying characteristics. Special attention is paid to the effect of internal perturbations and external disturbances typically present in the chemical process. In this work, the performance of the adaptive nonlinear controller based on feedback linearization (FL) is compared with the performance of a conventional PID controller for pH control. It is shown that conventional PID controller rejects input disturbances with poor performance, and the proposed control technique can reject the input disturbances from the control signal and then recovers linear reference tracking very well.