bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENSINO MÉDIO: CRIANDO UM PROJETO MORAL PARA GERENCIAR O FUTURO DOS JOVENS
Authors: Lopes Alice Casimiro
Published: October 2024

Resumo Focalizo discursos que têm contribuído para que o sintagma projeto de vida carreie sentidos na tentativa de regulação do futuro dos jovens, por meio da educação moral. Em uma abordagem teórico-discursiva e desconstrucionista, operando centralmente com as noções de sedimentação e tradução/suplementação, argumento que o discurso do projeto de vida tenta instituir a impossível harmonia social, associada à racionalidade neoliberal articulada a demandas ultraconservadoras. Discuto que tais registros acenam a uma impossível sociedade sem antagonismos e sofrimentos em um futuro a ser programado. Concluo, defendendo a importância de se deixar o porvir ao por vir e questionando a normatividade da proposta curricular para o ensino médio por intermédio do componente curricular projeto de vida.
HIGH SCHOOL: CREATING A MORAL PROJECT TO MANAGE THE FUTURE OF YOUNG PEOPLE
Authors: Lopes Alice Casimiro
Published: October 2024

Abstract In the present article I focus on discourses that contribute to making the syntagma life project meaningful to regulate the future of young people through moral education. In a theoretical- discursive and deconstructionist approach, based mainly on the notions of sedimentation and translation/supplementation, I argue that the discourse of the life project tries to establish the impossible social harmony, associated with neoliberal rationality articulated with ultraconservative demands. I argue that these records point to an impossible society without antagonisms and suffering in a future to be programmed. I conclude by defending the importance of leaving the future to the future-to-come and questioning the normativity of the high school curriculum proposal through the life project curriculum component.
Swallowing disorders in nursing home residents in a city in northern Chile
Authors: Mora Pino Katherine , Oses Gómez Liana , Peña Molina Emely , Rosales Cazenave Constanza , Soto Díaz Fernanda
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose: to know the prevalence and characteristics of swallowing disorders in older people, institutionalized in nursing homes, in the city of Iquique. Methods: an observational, descriptive study, composed of 86 institutionalized older people, which evaluated for swallowing, by applying a food history, the MECV-V swallowing protocol, and the FOIS severity scale. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: a prevalence of 70.9% of some types of swallowing disorders was estimated. The age range in which these difficulties predominate is between 75 and 90 years. Conclusion: swallowing disorders are highly prevalent in institutionalized older people, with variability in the degrees of severity. The implementation of routine protocols in nursing homes could help detect and prevent dysphagia and presbyphagia among residents.
Queixas de disfunção temporomandibular em musicistas
Authors: Rios Gabriela , Valentim Amanda Freitas , Telson Yasmim Carvalho , Teixeira Rodrigo Estêvão , Motta Andréa Rodrigues
Published: October 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: investigar a ocorrência de queixas de disfunção temporomandibular e fatores associados em musicistas, de acordo com os instrumentos praticados. Métodos: estudo transversal observacional analítico realizado com 48 adultos, divididos em três grupos: instrumentistas de corda, de sopro e grupo controle. Foi aplicado o questionário ProDTMmulti. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio dos testes Qui-quadrado de Pearson, Exato de Fisher e Kruskal-Wallis, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: quase 40% dos participantes relataram espontaneamente alguma queixa de disfunção temporomandibular. O grupo controle apresentou menos queixas e hábitos orais deletérios. A fadiga da musculatura mastigatória teve maior ocorrência no grupo de sopro do que no de cordas, já o ruído na articulação temporomandibular teve menor ocorrência no grupo controle comparado ao grupo cordas e o padrão mastigatório unilateral foi mais frequente no grupo sopro quando comparado aos demais. A queixa de plenitude auricular foi maior no grupo sopro. Verificou-se associação entre queixa de disfunção temporomandibular e dor muscular na face, dor muscular na face durante atividade musical, dor muscular na face após atividade musical, dor de cabeça e dor de cabeça após atividade musical. Conclusão: verificaram-se queixas espontâneas de disfunção temporomandibular em 56,7% dos musicistas de sopro e cordas.
Uma jornada do Olhar: Entrevista com Jonathan Crary
Authors: Erthal Claudia , Mesquita Dario , Câmara Naiá Sadi , Gonzalez Allison Vicente Xavier , Massarolo João
Published: October 2024

Resumo Entrevista realizada com o crítico e professor na Columbia University, Estados Unidos, Jonathan Crary, tendo como ponto central o livro mais recente dele publicado no Brasil: Terra arrasada: além da era digital, rumo a um mundo pós-capitalista (2023). O livro traz uma noção de gerenciamento do Olhar a partir do uso das mídias digitais e da plataformização da cultura. O texto de Crary questiona como o capitalismo tardio se apodera das possibilidades de existência subjetiva e objetiva, mediante o que ele chama de “complexo internético”, conjunto de dispositivos, lógicas e equipamentos ligados à internet que tem como sintoma mais gritante as redes sociais. O autor busca entender como a atenção é requerida, dispensada e moldada com o uso das mídias digitais e como ela é fornecida de maneira permanente no contexto contemporâneo. Para ele, este universo da informação a que estamos sujeitos estabelece as transformações do Olhar que afetam de maneira profunda e definitiva o nosso comportamento. Por tratar de temas contemporâneos urgentes e agregar ao debate acadêmico insights estimulantes, a revisão de suas ideias tornou premente a necessidade de conversar mais a fundo com Crary e explorar seus conceitos e percepções.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E TECNOLÓGICA COMO TRANSFORMAÇÃO SOCIAL: UMA REFLEXÃO PARA A SUA PROMOÇÃO NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS A PARTIR DE UMA TECNOLOGIA SOCIAL
Authors: Fernandes Geraldo Wellington Rocha , Fernandes Iury Henrique , Santos Danilo Lopes
Published: October 2024

RESUMO: O objetivo que direciona este trabalho é o de refletir teoricamente sobre a promoção de uma Alfabetização Científica e Tecnológica (ACT) como transformação social, no contexto de sala de aula, a partir de uma Tecnologia Social (TS). Nessa perspectiva, revisitamos os conceitos previamente estabelecidos na literatura sobre a ACT e transformação social e apresentamos proposições de um referencial teórico para o contexto escolar. Na perspectiva da ACT escolar, apontamos algumas considerações para se desenvolver a transformação social, entre elas: o ensino de Ciências como prática social, a inserção da TS como um modelo social e didático a ser estudado, a intencionalidade do professor em desenvolver a ACT escolar e a argumentação como prática epistêmica para a identificação da ACT como transformação social
PROPOSTA DE EDUCAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA HUMANIZADORA PARA A EDUCAÇÃO DE PESSOAS JOVENS, ADULTAS E IDOSAS: ARTICULAÇÃO TEÓRICA E PRINCÍPIOS
Authors: Costa David Gadelha da , Amaral Edenia Maria Ribeiro do
Published: October 2024

RESUMO: Neste artigo, apresentamos elementos teóricos e princípios que constituíram uma proposta pedagógica para uma Educação Científica Humanizadora no contexto da Educação de Pessoas Jovens, Adultas e Idosas, fundamentada na articulação entre o Ensino de Ciências por Investigação e a perspectiva dialógico-problematizadora freireana. Esta articulação considerou a aproximação entre eixos fundantes de cada uma das perspectivas, buscando atender a demandas e características específicas dos sujeitos em foco, entre as quais, destacamos: a noção de sujeito social, não neutro, epistêmico e ontológico; a compreensão de problema investigativo como instrumento potencial humanizador; a concepção de diálogo de saberes e de agência epistêmica; e a noção de participação social a partir da cultura científica. Assim, a proposta de educação científica humanizadora pressupõe reconhecer e valorizar os sujeitos e suas experiências, promover aproximação à cultura científica por meio do diálogo de saberes e valorização de diferentes conhecimentos e problematizar a realidade como caminho para a alfabetização científica-política.
Planos de contingência e coordenação estadual do SUS na pandemia de covid-19
Authors: Ferreira Ana Cassia Cople , Lima Luciana Dias de
Published: October 2024

RESUMO O artigo analisa a atuação dos estados na coordenação da resposta do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) à pandemia de covid-19. Trata-se de pesquisa documental tendo como fonte os 26 planos de contingência estadual, publicados entre fevereiro de 2020 e outubro de 2021. Os governos estaduais atuaram na maioria das dimensões analisadas: coordenação da emergência sanitária, articulação federativa, regulação, apoio técnico, comunicação, planejamento integrado, prestação de serviços, financiamento e cooperação. Os resultados sugerem o protagonismo dos governos estaduais no plano da gestão do SUS, com destaque para a busca de integração, alinhamento e cooperação entre os setores implicados, assim como para a tomada de decisões baseada em orientações e evidências científicas. Num contexto de polarização e disputa federativa, a experiência estadual valorizou a autonomia federativa, o caráter cooperativo e as capacidades institucionais no SUS.
Trabalho na pandemia da covid-19: estratégias de enfrentamento e repercussões entre os profissionais da saúde
Authors: Sousa Anderson da Silva , Guilherme João Vitor Gomes , Costa Roberta Letícia Pimentel da , Graça José Mateus Bezerra da , Poty Nalma Alexandra Rocha de Carvalho , Cavalcante Elisângela Franco de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

RESUMO Este estudo objetivou desenvolver um modelo analítico teórico-descritivo sobre o trabalho realizado na linha de frente assistencial durante a pandemia da covid-19, considerando as formas de enfrentamento e as repercussões na saúde dos profissionais envolvidos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qua litativa com referencial metodológico da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados na abordagem estruturalista de Strauss e Corbin, realizada em um hospital universitário. Com amostragem da população e formação de dois grupos amostrais, participaram 24 profissionais, entre enfermeiros, fisioterapeutas, médicos e técnicos de enfermagem. Realizou-se a coleta de dados com entrevistas em profundidade. A análise dos dados ocorreu por meio da codificação aberta, axial e seletiva, com uso do software Atlas Ti 22.0. Os resultados alcançados permitiram elucidar o modelo teórico com a categoria central ‘Trabalhando em linha de frente assistencial na pandemia da COVID-19’, sustentado por cinco categorias, conforme as circunstâncias paradigmáticas das condições de ação/interação e suas consequências. O modelo teórico desenvolvido poderá contribuir para o planejamento e desenvolvimento de estratégias institucionais de enfrentamento a períodos críticos, caracterizados por aumento da demanda por serviços de saúde, presença de agente etiológico de alta transmissibilidade e, principalmente, impacto na saúde dos profissionais, com sofrimentos e adoecimentos nos envolvidos na linha de frente assistencial.
Professionalism and the disciplinary control of occupational therapists at the margins
Authors: Beagan Brenda , Bizzeth Stephanie , Brison-Brown Meredith , Pride Tara , Sibbald Kaitlin , Valavaara Kaarina
Published: October 2024

Abstract Occupational therapy’s goal of professional status comes with costs. Sociologists argue that ‘professionalism’ exhorts workers to conform with normative expectations for behaviour and performance, becoming a mechanism of social control. Those performative expectations are established by socially dominant groups, constructing occupational therapists from marginalized groups as not-professional, unless they can contort themselves to conform. Here we explore the specific behaviours and forms of embodiedness that become encoded as ‘professional’ in occupational therapy, leaving particular groups of occupational therapists subject to discipline through the concept of ‘unprofessional’. We conducted a critical interpretive synthesis of literature indexed in CINAHL and EBSCOhost defining professional behaviour in occupational therapy (n=26). We also draw from in-depth qualitative interviews with 20 Canadian occupational therapists who self-identified as racialized, ethnic minority, disabled, 2SLGBTQ+, and/or from working-class/impoverished family origins, exploring how ‘professionalism’ serves to discipline and control them. For both approaches, we employed reflexive thematic analysis. Texts encode professionalism as specific behaviours and forms of embodiedness grounded in white, western politics of respectability. Some also exhort occupational therapists to never make the profession ‘look bad’. In our interview data, occupational therapists from marginalized groups risked being construed as ‘unprofessional’ by having the ‘wrong’ bodies, appearances, presentation of self, speech language use, emotions, behaviours, and boundaries. When ‘professionalism’ demands assimilation to normative standards that exclude particular kinds of people, we narrow the potential of occupational therapy to encompass diverse valuable ways of doing, being, becoming and belonging. There is an important role for ‘professional resistance.’
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC RESTRICTIVE MEASURES ON THE DIAGNOSIS OF ADENOMATOUS POLYPS AND COLORRECTAL ADENOCARCINOMA IN A POPULATION SUBMITTED TO COLONOSCOPY
Authors: SILVÉRIO Natália Ribeiro , MONTEIRO Isabela Costa , PRUDENTE Ana Luiza Naves , ROSA Anna Caroliny Navarro , SILVÉRIO Américo de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is globally the third most common malignant neoplasm and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic led to the suspension of routine screening tests by health services. A 35.5% drop in total cancer diagnoses in 2020 is estimated when compared to 2019. Objective: To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis of adenomatous polyps (AP) and CRC in a population undergoing colonoscopy (COL) in a clinic in Goiânia, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study evaluating COL performed during the periods from 20 March to 31 October of 2019 and of 2020, was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CAAE-45631421.0.0000.0037). We analyzed data related to identification, referral for medical examination, colonoscopic and histopathological findings. Results: We evaluated 10,232 (93.4%) COL, divided into two groups according to the year of performance. In 2019, 6,777 (66.2%) COL were performed and in 2020, 3,455 (33.8%), demonstrating a reduction of 51.0%. A total of 3,267 (31.9%) colonoscopies found polyps, 72.1% of which were AP (68.8% in 2019 and 78.3% in 2020, P<0.001). High-grade dysplasia was found in 5.0% of the AP (4.9% in 2019 and 5.8% in 2020, P<0.34). CRC was diagnosed in 121 (1.2%) (0.9% in 2019 and 1.6% in 2020, P<0.001). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly reduced COL in 2020, mainly due to infection fears and restrictions. However, the detection rate of cancer and polyps per procedure increased, indicating more symptomatic patients sought medical attention. Despite this, the absolute number of tumors and adenomas found decreased, potentially causing diagnostic losses and fewer prevented colorectal cancer cases. Thus, adaptive strategies are vital for maintaining essential healthcare services during similar crises.
GOOD CORRELATION BETWEEN LIVER STIFFNESS MEASUREMENT AND APRI, FIB-4, PLATELET COUNT, IN PEDIATRIC AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS
Authors: ALVARENGA Lucas Rocha , SANDY Natascha Silva , HESSEL Gabriel , PEREIRA Tiago Sevá , BELLOMO-BRANDÃO Maria Ângela
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Background: There is limited evidence focusing on the use of non-invasive markers to assess liver fibrosis in pediatric chronic liver diseases. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between liver stiffness measurement (LSM) using transient liver elastography (TLE) and serum non-invasive markers in pediatric autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Methods: Cross-sectional study between May 2016 and February 2020. Twenty-eight children with AIH (age range between 3 and 20 years old) who had undergone TLE and had routine serum tests were enrolled. Patients were divided into 2 groups: (1) Liver fibrosis degree ≥F2 (TLE ≥6.45 kPa) and (2) <F2 (TLE <6.45 kPa). The groups were compared using Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and the Mann-Whitney test for quantitative variables. The correlation between TLE, APRI, FIB-4 and platelet count was assessed using the Spearman coefficient (Rs). Results: Twenty-eight AIH pediatric patients were enrolled, 21 were female and 22 had AIH type 1. Following the cut-off of 6.45 kPa in TLE, 20 patients (71%) were included in group 1, and 8 in group 2. A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups on APRI and FIB-4 results (P=0.0306 and P=0.0055, respectively). There was a significant correlation between TLE with APRI and FIB-4 (Rs=0.67 and 0.78, respectively; P<0.01) as well as with platelet count (Rs=-0.68; P<0.01). Conclusion: APRI, FIB-4 and Platelet Count showed a good and positive correlation with transient liver elastography in pediatric patients with AIH.
III BRAZILIAN CONSENSUS STATEMENT ON ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND
Authors: PESSOA Ricardo Rangel de Paula , BESTETTI Alexandre Moraes , OLIVEIRA Victor Lira de , ARAUJO Wladimir Campos de , GUARALDI Simone , RODRIGUES SILVA Rodrigo Roda , OLIVEIRA Francisco Antonio Araujo , RIBEIRO Maria Sylvia Ierardi , CARNEIRO Fred Olavo Aragão Andrade , D’ASSUNÇÃO Marco Aurélio , MEDRADO Bruno Frederico Oliveira Azevedo , RETES Felipe Alves , PAULO Gustavo Andrade de , SCHNEIDER Nutianne Camargo , ROSSINI Lucio Giovanni Battista , VALLINOTO Leonardo , ARDENGH Jose Celso , COELHO NETO Djalma Ernesto , IDE Edson , SILVA Marcos Clarencio Batista , FRANCO Matheus Cavalcante , MATUGUMA Sergio Eiji , MOURA Diogo Turiani Hourneaux de , ARANTES Vitor Nunes , NAHOUM Rafael , BRUNALDI Vitor Ottoboni , SANTOS Marcos Eduardo Lera dos , CHAVES Dalton Marques , MICELLI-NETO Otávio , SALOMAO Bruno Chaves , MALUF-FILHO Fauze , LUZ Gustavo de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Background: In the past decades, endoscopic ultrasound has developed from a diagnostic tool to a platform for many therapeutic interventions. Various technological advancements have emerged since the last Brazilian Consensus, demanding a review and update of the recommendations based on the best scientific evidence. Methods: A group of 32 renowned echoendoscopists selected eight relevant topics to be discussed to generate clinical questions. After that, a literature review was conducted to answer these questions based on the most updated evidence. Results: Thirty-three statements were formulated and voted on by the experts to reach a consensus. The Oxford System was used to grade the level of evidence. Conclusion: There is moderate evidence to support that the needle shape, gauge, or aspiration technique does not influence the yield of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided tissue sampling of pancreatic solid lesions. There is moderate evidence to support using EUS-TTNB of the cyst wall to differentiate between mucinous and non-mucinous cystic neoplasms. There is little evidence to support the EUS-guided treatment of gastric varices. There is a high level of evidence to support that EUS-guided biliary drainage and ERCP present similar outcomes in patients with distal malignant biliary obstruction. There is a high level of evidence for using EUS to diagnose neoplastic pancreatic cysts and detect necrosis before indicating drainage. There is moderate evidence to support EUS-GE over duodenal stent for malignant gastric outlet obstruction in patients with a life expectancy higher than 2 months. There is a high level of evidence to support the use of RFA in treating both functioning and non-functioning types of NET.
Reliability of information recorded on the National Immunization Program Information System
Authors: Moraes José Cássio de , França Ana Paula , Guibu Ione Aquemi , Barata Rita Barradas , Silva Adriana Ilha da , Ramos Jr. Alberto Novaes , França Ana Paula , Oliveira Andrea de Nazaré Marvão , Boing Antonio Fernando , Domingues Carla Magda Allan Santos , Oliveira Consuelo Silva de , Maciel Ethel Leonor Noia , Guibu Ione Aquemi , Mirabal Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa , Barbosa Jaqueline Caracas , Lima Jaqueline Costa , Moraes José Cássio de , Luhm Karin Regina , Caetano Karlla Antonieta Amorim , Lima Luisa Helena de Oliveira , Antunes Maria Bernadete de Cerqueira , Teixeira Maria da Gloria , Teixeira Maria Denise de Castro , Borges Maria Fernanda de Sousa Oliveira , Queiroz Rejane Christine de Sousa , Gurgel Ricardo Queiroz , Barata Rita Barradas , Azevedo Roberta Nogueira Calandrini de , Oliveira Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de , Teles Sheila Araújo , Gama Silvana Granado Nogueira da , Mengue Sotero Serrate , Simões Taynãna César , Nascimento Valdir , Araújo Wildo Navegantes de
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the reliability of records held on the National Immunization Program Information System (SI-PNI) in a subsample of children included in the national vaccination coverage survey in Brazilian state capitals and Federal District in 2020. Methods This was a study of agreement between data recorded on vaccination cards (doses and dates) and on the SI-PNI for 4050 children with full coverage at 24 months. Results Data on 3587 children were held on the SI-PNI, with losses of 11% (95%CI: 10;12). Total agreement between doses and dates in the two sources was 86% (95%CI: 86;87), however taking each dose and vaccine individually, variation was greater, with 32% of data in only one source. Conclusion Part of the information was not recorded, but the discrepancy can be considered small. Nonetheless, underrecording of doses and children can compromise vaccination coverage estimates, altering the numerator and denominator data.
Vaccination coverage survey by social stratum in children up to 24 months of age in Londrina, Paraná, Brazil, between 2021 and 2022
Authors: Oliveira Edmilson de , Moraes José Cássio de , França Ana Paula , Silva Adriana Ilha da , Ramos Jr. Alberto Novaes , França Ana Paula , Oliveira Andrea de Nazaré Marvão , Boing Antonio Fernando , Domingues Carla Magda Allan Santos , Oliveira Consuelo Silva de , Maciel Ethel Leonor Noia , Guibu Ione Aquemi , Mirabal Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa , Barbosa Jaqueline Caracas , Lima Jaqueline Costa , Moraes José Cássio de , Luhm Karin Regina , Caetano Karlla Antonieta Amorim , Lima Luisa Helena de Oliveira , Antunes Maria Bernadete de Cerqueira , Teixeira Maria da Gloria , Teixeira Maria Denise de Castro , Borges Maria Fernanda de Sousa Oliveira , Queiroz Rejane Christine de Sousa , Gurgel Ricardo Queiroz , Barata Rita Barradas , Azevedo Roberta Nogueira Calandrini de , Oliveira Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de , Teles Sheila Araújo , Gama Silvana Granado Nogueira da , Mengue Sotero Serrate , Simões Taynãna César , Nascimento Valdir , Araújo Wildo Navegantes de
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze vaccination coverage according to social strata in children up to 24 months old, living in the municipality of Londrina (PR), Brazil. Methods This was a population-based survey conducted between 2021 and 2022, in which vaccination coverage and sociodemographic aspects of mothers and families were evaluated using Pearson’s chi-square test. Results In a sample of 456 children, complete vaccination coverage varied according to social strata, being 36.0% (95%CI 26.8;57.8); in stratum A; 59.5% (95%CI 26.1;86); in stratum B; 66.2% (95%CI 51.7;78.1); in stratum C; and 70.0% (95%CI 56.1;81.0) in stratum D. Conclusion The analysis of vaccination coverage indicated that social stratum A is at highest risk for vaccine-preventable diseases.
Assessing the impact of urban parks across Köppen climatic zones: a systematic review
Authors: El-Metwally Yasmin , Elshater Abeer , Fahmy Mohammad , Elrahman Ahmed S. Abd , AlWaer Husam , Elbardisy Wesam M.
Published: October 2024

This review article addresses the gap in the literature concerning the role of urban parks in providing cooling effects in hot and arid climatic zones. Using systematic review and content analysis of manuscripts from 1999 to 2023 in Scopus and Web of Science databases, elements and indicators of landscape architecture and their impacts on mitigating urban heat islands (UHIs) have been explored. Our data mining revealed 190 manuscripts categorised into four Köppen climatic zones: tropical/mega thermal, arid, temperate/mesothermal, and continental/microthermal. Results indicate a scarcity of studies on hardscape elements’ impact, particularly in desert and semi-arid zones, and limited recognition of landscape architecture’s role in urban park cooling, especially in hot desert climates. Green areas emerged as the most cost-effective cooling strategy, with grass planted to minimise water elements and enhance tree cooling effects. However, the lack of softscape in hot, arid zones poses a significant challenge in mitigating UHI. These findings bridge the literature gap and suggest avenues for future research, including investigating native urban tree species and optimising park area, shape, and orientation.
Is community-led total sanitation programme ending open defecation? A sustainability perspective from stakeholders in Ghana
Authors: Asantewaa-Tannor Patricia , Emuze Fidelis , Das Dilip
Published: October 2024

Community-led total sanitation (CLTS) is an intervention widely employed by developing countries to end open defecation (OD) in line with SDG Target 6.2. Through it, many communities have been declared open defecation-free (ODF) in Ghana, but dearth information on their sustainability. This study sought to determine the sustainability of the ODF status of certified communities across eight regions in Ghana. Qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews with 26 practitioners and implementers, focus group discussions and direct observations in 22 communities. The data were manually transcribed and thematically analysed. The results revealed four major sustainability factors: motivational, behavioural change, leadership and financial. While motivational factors included improved health, pride, comfort and convenience, leadership factors involved supportive traditional and active natural leaders, and behavioural change entailed understanding the consequences of OD and latrine rebuilding. Financial factors encompassed access to sanitation funds. Regional and district league tables (LT) were found to be influencing the sustainability factors of the programme. Based on the findings, policymakers and implementers of the CLTS programme should intensify persuasive education focusing on sustainable behavioural change towards OD and post-ODF follow-ups while motivating sustained ODF communities using LT and friendly loan schedule for communities willing to pay.
Floating mora affixation in Huozhou diminutive subtraction
Authors: Yang Yifan
Published: October 2024

This paper argues for an item-and-arrangement approach by demonstrating that the diminutive form in Huozhou Chinese results from the affixation of a floating mora. Diminutives in Huozhou Chinese are formed by deleting the final non-vocalic segment of a syllable, along with some subsegmental changes (e.g., [pʰɑŋ35] ‘plate’, [pʰaː35] ‘plate.DIM’). This paper provides a detailed description of these patterns and proposes that the underlying representation of the diminutive morpheme is a floating mora, with subtraction serving as a repair strategy for this floating mora affix. This paper makes two main contributions. First, it introduces new data on subtractive morphology. Second, it provides a formal  analysis and further supports this proposal from a typological perspective, thereby supporting the item-and-arrangement approach to morphology. Overall, by combining a case study of Huozhou Chinese with a typological discussion, this analysis shows that nonconcatenative morphology can be interpreted  as additive, leading to a more economical grammar and more restrictive predictions.
Three-dimensional quantitative analysis of arterial bed and elements of pelvicalyceal system of kidneys in men
Authors: Akbaev Sh. I. , Vagabov I. U. , Kafarov E. S. , Udochkina L. A. , Zenin O. K. , Kurtusunov B. T. , Bataev H. M.
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study was to investigate the patterns of three-dimensional quantitative organization of the renal artery branches in relation to the elements of the renal pelvicalyceal system in men. The study was conducted on 58 corrosion preparations of arterial vessels and renal pelvicalyceal structures obtained from men with postmortem age intervals from 22 to 75 years. As a result of the morphological study, a spatial and quantitative characteristic was given to different variants of renal artery branching, with an emphasis on their transformation into secondary vascular branches classified as zonal arteries. Additionally, a detailed analysis of the topographic and anatomical relationship between the intraorgan arterial branches of the renal artery and the excretory segments of the kidney was carried out, which made it possible to clarify the features of their spatial organization. Knowledge of the spatial arrangement of the arterial branches of the kidney, which directly correlates with the variable features of its renal pelvicalyceal apparatus and excretory system segments, opens the way to predicting potential obstacles during surgical procedures, especially during nephrolithotomy.
Experience with the use of janus kinase inhibitors in the treatment of COVID-19 in patients in Volgograd
Authors: Makarova I. V. , Belikova E. A. , Timonova M. S. , Osipov A. V. , Chernyavskaya O. A. , Kuvshinova T. D.
Published: October 2024

The new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is characterized by high morbidity and mortality. The main approach to COVID-19 therapy should be the proactive administration of treatment before the development of a complete symptom complex of life-threatening conditions, including acute respiratory distress syndrome. The use of a selective and reversible inhibitor of janus kinase 1 and 2 prevents viral endocytosis, reduces excessive inflammatory response. The purpose of the study - to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of the Janus kinase inhibitor of the drug Baricitinib (Olumiant, manufacturer Lilly del Caribe Inc., Spain) in the treatment of patients with moderate COVID-19 in a hospital setting. During the clinical use of Baricitinib, significant positive changes were obtained compared with the initial level of vital signs and laboratory data. Significant positive changes in the following indicators were obtained: oxygen saturation increased (from 95.3 ± 4.0 to 97.5 ± 3.2 %, p = 0.011), body temperature decreased (from 37.3 ± 0.7 to 36.7 ± 0.5 °C, p = 0.000), C-reactive protein decreased (from 47.1 ± 46.0 to 32.5 ± 41.7 g/l, p = 0.010), the number of platelets increased (from 178.0 ± 59.5 to 249.5 ± 84.5; p = 0.000), when assessing the condition of patients in points on the NEWS-2 scale positive dynamics (from 1.6 ± 1.2 to 1.1 ± 1.3, p = 0.001). The level of C-reactive protein increased simultaneously with an increase in interleukin-6, an increase to 200.0 ± 6.2 pg/ml was recorded. The positive dynamics is an increase in the number of lymphocytes to 2.0 • 109/l. By the end of inpatient treatment, ferritin levels had normalized to reference values of 27.7±2.1 mmol/l and D-dimer to the upper limit of normal. Positive dynamics of changes on the CT scan of the chest organs in the form of a decrease in infiltration. According to the combination of changes in clinical, laboratory signs and CT scan results, the therapy of patients was effective.
The influence of professional oral hygiene on the indicators of local immunity
Authors: Reshetnyova I. T. , Rukosueva T. V. , Afanas’eva A. S. , Grozdev I. A.
Published: October 2024

Professional oral hygiene is an important part of measures aimed at preventing and maintaining the patient’s health. Local immune response is the first barrier of immune protection capable of preventing infection diseases. The aim of the study - the influence of professional hygiene on the indicators of local immunity has been studied. The study involved two groups of patients: the first group included 19 individuals with chronic caries of varying depths (class I), and the second group comprised 15 individuals with moderate periodontal disease. To evaluate nonspecific oral protection, the index of natural colonization of the buccal epithelium and the activity of microbial adsorption by oral mucosal cells were assessed. Specific immunity was evaluated by measuring the concentration of immunoglobulins in unstimulated saliva. All indicators were recorded both before and after professional oral hygiene procedures. When studying the index of natural colonization of the buccal epithelium, it was found that professional cleaning in both groups led to normalization of the spectrum of bacteria adhered to the epithelium: there was a decrease in the amount of gram-negative microflora, atypical for this biotope, while maintaining a high adhesion index of gram-positive cocci. In persons with caries, before sanation, “unsatisfactory” resistance of oral mucosa was revealed in a third of the examined, after sanation, the number of such patients decreased by 3 times, with “satisfactory” resistance increased by 2 times. In the group with periodontal disease, all patients exhibited “unsatisfactory” mucosal resistance before the hygiene procedures. After sanitation, 20 % “unsatisfactory” resistance persisted. In the majority of patients (80 %), the resistance of the oral mucosa improved to “satisfactory”. The concentration of all classes of immunoglobulins in both groups before sanitation was significantly below the norm, after the measures taken, the indicators increased significantly and reached the level typical for healthy individuals. Carrying out professional cleaning of the teeth leads to the normalization of local immune status even without additional medical immunocorrection.
The role of the somatotype in the development and course of chronic diseases of the organs of the hepatobiliary area
Authors: Zharikov Yu. O. , Verkhovskaya K. D. , Maslennikov R. V. , Gadzhiakhmedova A. N. , Zharikova T. S. , Nikolenko V. N.
Published: October 2024

Each person is characterized by a certain somatotype, which is formed at the early stages of ontogenesis and remains constant throughout life. Currently, the somatic constitution of a person is becoming increasingly important in predicting the course and risks of diseases of various organ systems. There are theoretical and clinical materials on somatotypological features of the course of diseases of the digestive system. The literature review of data that affect the violation of the proper functioning of the organs of the hepatobiliary region, depending on the somatotype and anthropometric indicators.
A rendészet kihívásai napjainkban
Authors: Sallai János
Published: October 2024

A rendészet létrejötte valószínűleg az ősközösségek felbomlásához, az első államok kialakulásához köthető, ám pontos meghatározása források hiánya miatt nagyon nehéz. Ugyanakkor megállapítható, hogy minden korban más-más aktuális kihívás tette próbára a rendészet területén szolgálatot teljesítőket. Így az ókorban a tűzrendészet szabályozásáról maradtak fenn források, mivel a városlakók számára főleg a tűz jelentette az egyik fő veszélyforrást. Később az ipari forradalmak, a polgárosodás eredményeként megváltoztak az élet és munkakörülmények. Ezáltal lényegesen több veszélyforrás leselkedett a polgárokra, és hatványozottan jelentkezett a biztonság iránti igény.
Adalékok M. Szabó Miklós: Volt egyszer egy egyetem 1996–2007. Rektor a tűzvonalban című könyvéhez
Authors: Oroszi Antal
Published: October 2024

A szerző vallomása szerint „… eszem ágában sem volt megírni a Zrínyi Miklós Nemzetvédelmi Egyetem történetét, hiszen óhatatlanul keveredhetnek bele szubjektív meglátások”. Ám a talpraesett feleség felismerte, hogy ezt „… neked kell megírnod, az átélő-megélő résztvevőnek - ha évekre az asztalfióknak is! - mert a legtehetségesebb kutató sem olvashat ki mindent aziratokból. Az egyetemmel kapcsolatos személyes emlékeket is közkinccsé kell tenned!”. Megítélésem szerint, a szerző feleségének bölcs volt a meglátása. Nem utolsó sorban a Zrínyi Kiadó is biztatást adott a munkához, hiszen a kiadó jóvoltából jelent meg az elmúltévekben a katonai felsőoktatás történetét is tartalmazó hat kötet, a szerző számtalanhazai és nemzetközi publikációja mellett.
Iparbiztonsági képzés és továbbképzés kialakulása és fejlesztése
Authors: Kátai-Urbán Lajos
Published: October 2024

A 2012. évben hatályba lépett új katasztrófavédelmi szabályozás által országos, területi és helyi szinten is megjelent az egységes iparbiztonsági hatósági engedélyezési és ellenőrzési rendszer. Jelen cikk célja meghatározni és elemezni az üzemeltetői és hatósági képzési igényeket és a követelményeket. A cikksorozat első részében bemutattam és értékeltem a külföldi és hazai iparbiztonsági képzési és továbbképzési lehetőségeket.
Az aszimmetrikus hadviselés – mit takar a kifejezés?
Authors: Resperger István
Published: October 2024

A hadtudomány klasszikus műveinek tanulmányozása alapján bízvást megállapíthatjuk,hogy ha a diplomáciában elkövetünk hibákat, azokat még valahogy helyre lehet hozni, de a harctéren vérrel fizetünk az elkövetett hibákért. A terrorizmus fogalmának értelmezése céljából nem valószínű, hogy egy asztalhoz lehetne ültetni az Egyesült Államok, Oroszország és Izrael képviselőit egy közös fogalom megalkotása céljából. Egy konferencia lényege viszont az, hogy kérdéseket vessünk fel, gondolatokat fogalmazzunk meg és javaslatokat tegyünk a csapatok számára, amelyeket ott lehet továbbfejleszteni.
Noting the Impact of Lockdown Co-Parenting Regulations on the Wellbeing of Children in South Africa
Authors: Singh Annette , Msuya Norah Hashim
Published: October 2024

The South African government introduced a strict lockdown and related legislation in reaction to the COVID-19 epidemic. During lockdown, the movement of children between co-holders of parental rights and responsibilities of a caregiver, as defined in section 1(1) of the Children's Act 38 of 2005, was prohibited. The movement of persons was only permitted in essential cases, leading to children being "stuck" with one co-holder or even a person with no parental responsibilities and rights. A court order was to be obtained for permission for a child to travel, proving that this was urgent and essential. The lockdown regulations on the movement of children covered only those in a formal arrangement and excluded co-parents without court orders and those in the process of divorce. The closure of schools for approximately three months resulted in a significant increase in inter-parental disputes. These conflicts primarily revolved around the regulations stipulating that children could only be relocated to households free from Covid-19.
The regulations completely ignored the child's emotional needs and were so out of line with other countries in similar circumstances. The regulations were also contrary to the Constitution and Children's Act, which underscore that the best interests of the child are paramount in all matters involving the child as it was not in the child's interests to be with a particular parent or without a particular parent during the lockdown period. This paper aims to identify the issues and effects of co-parenting during the lockdown and present a critique on the circumstances. It is argued that the one-size-fits-all approach introduced by the lockdown regulations was not the most appropriate, as the determining criteria should have been based on what would be best in the child's interest, which should, therefore, be assessed based on a case-by-case analysis.
The Legal Implications of Sithole v Sithole 2021 5 SA 34 (CC) on African Spouses in Old Civil Marriages
Authors: Sibisi Siyabonga
Published: October 2024

In Sithole v Sithole 2021 5 SA 34 (CC) the Constitutional Court held that the differentiation in the default matrimonial property regime between spouses in civil marriages entered into before 2 December 1988 (old civil marriages) by Africans under section 22(6) of the Black Administration Act 38 of 1927 (hereafter the BAA) and spouses in civil marriages entered into by Africans after 2 December 1988 (new civil marriages) as well as those of other races amounted to unfair discrimination on account of race, gender and age. Under section 22(6) of the BAA, old civil marriages were by default out of community of property. New civil marriages were by default in community of property. The court, therefore, confirmed the declaration that sections 21(2)(a) and 25(3) of the Matrimonial Property Act were unconstitutional and invalid in so far as they perpetuated the discrimination in section 22(6) of the BAA. The court held that all old civil marriages were now in community of property, profits and loss. This note is a critical discussion of this judgment in so far as it extended community of property not only to the litigant and similarly placed spouses, but also to non-litigants who may not have desired community of property to apply to their marriages.
Identification of potential hub genes associated with recurrent miscarriage through combined transcriptomic and proteomic analysis
Authors: Xu Hao-Ran , Yang Long , Gu Yan , Shi Yan , Yang Shu-Han , Gan Jie , Gu Wen-Wen , Zhang Xuan , Wang Jian
Published: October 2024

Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is currently difficult to prevent and treat due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of its molecular mechanisms. The aim of this study was to identify genes potentially involved in the pathogenesis of RM and to observe their expression in the decidual tissues of RM patients. A total of 1823 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 148 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in decidual tissues between RM and control groups were identified. Subsequently, DCN, DPT, LUM, MFAP4, and ISG15 were identified from the DEGs/DEPs as RM-related hub genes through systematic bioinformatics analysis. Bioinformatics analysis of the single-cell dataset GSE214607 revealed that the expression of these five hub genes in the decidual stromal cells (DSCs) of RM patients appeared to be upregulated, while the RT-qPCR assay showed that their decidual expression levels were significantly increased in RM patients. Uterine Isg15 expression was significantly increased, whereas the uterine expression of Dcn, Dpt, Lum, and Mfap4 was decreased in LPS-induced early pregnancy loss (EPL) mice. MiR-16-5p, -21-3p, -27a-3p, and -941 were identified as potentially involved in the regulation of these five hub genes, and their decidual expression levels were significantly decreased in RM patients. The abnormally increased ISG15 expression in the decidual tissues of RM patients and uterine tissues of LPS-induced mice was validated by WB analysis. ISG15 expression was significantly reduced during the in vitro decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs). Collectively, DCN, DPT, LUM, MFAP4, and ISG15 were identified as RM-related hub genes, and their expression in the decidual tissues of RM patients was significantly increased. The decidualization of hESCs was accompanied by reduced ISG15 expression, suggesting that increased decidual ISG15 expression might lead to EPL by disrupting the decidualization process.
Serve Dynamics: Applying a Bibliometric Approach in the Kinetics and Kinematics Analysis for Flat and Topspin Serves in Tennis
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Das Ratna , Bairagi Kushagra , Singh Malkhan
Published: October 2024

Objectives. The study aimed to completely examine the existing research on the investigation of kinetics and kinematics analysis for flat and topspin serves in tennis, with a special focus on improving performance and reducing injury risks for players.
Material and Methods. In order to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the data, Scopus searched three variables in each record: (1) the author’s name, (2) the journal name in which the paper was published, and (3) the total number of citations. Bibliometric analysis was used as part of the analysis. To gain a thorough and accurate comprehension, the data was analyzed and interpreted using a variety of data triangulation techniques. Building distance-based co-occurrence networks for bibliometric analysis and synthesis was  carried out using the VOS viewer software. The classification and grouping of the terms derived from titles, abstracts, and keywords were carried out based on their degree of interconnectedness. The terms “Serve Dynamics in Tennis”, “Kinetic Analysis in Tennis serve”, “Kinematic Analysis in Tennis serve”, and “Flat and Topspin serve in Tennis” are frequently used in the study, although their meanings are generally interpreted differently. The search yielded 125 papers and 2807 citations, which were used in the study conducted from 2001 to 2024.
Results. The study’s findings revealed the primary authors, countries, and subject areas that contribute to a comprehensive understanding of research patterns, influential studies, authorship dynamics, thematic clusters, and international collaborations in the analysis of the kinetics and kinematics for flat and topspin serves in tennis.
Conclusions. The study concludes by consolidating current information and identifying potential avenues for broadening the interdisciplinary scope of tennis serve research.
Compensation Mechanism for Ecological Diversity Governance in Chinese River Basins Application Based on Low-Carbon Water Quality Game Theory
Authors: Xing HE
Published: October 2024

Background: Taking the construction of ecological civilization as an important core of the overall layout of the “Five in One” and the coordinated promotion of the “Four Comprehensives” strategic layout, combined with the global concept of ecological environment governance, provides a new direction for the reform and innovation of China’s watershed ecological compensation system through diversified governance. Subjects and methods: This article focuses on ecological compensation in river basins, exploring collaborative cooperation models between upstream and downstream of the basin under the dual constraints of “low-carbon” and “water quality”, to achieve a “win-win” situation between the ecological environment of the basin and all parties involved in basin protection. Based on the theory of evolutionary game theory, the indicators of “carbon emissions” and “water quality” are introduced to construct a diversified ecological co-governance compensation strategy model for the watershed. By exploring the optimal strategies among various entities in the upstream and downstream of the watershed. Results: (1) In the initial stage, the optimal strategy for ecological compensation in the watershed among stakeholders cannot achieve a stable balance through their evolution; (2) In the mature stage, based on the regulation of the superior government, interest subjects will choose a mutual supervision strategy to avoid bearing high penalties, to achieve Pareto effectiveness in achieving a stable overall economy of the basin; (3) By paying for high-quality resources from downstream and implementing carbon trading among basin entities, we can promote internal resource digestion, reduce intermediate transaction costs, and deeply promote the overall green and sustainable development of the basin. Through analysis, it has been proven that the conclusion is effective, providing decision support for the diversified co-governance of watershed ecosystems. Based on building an ecological community with a shared future in the watershed, we aim to achieve the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind.