bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding racial disparities in severe maternal morbidity using Bayesian network analysis
Authors: Rezaeiahari Mandana , Brown Clare C. , Ali Mir M. , Datta Jyotishka , Tilford J. Mick
Published: October 2021

Previous studies have evaluated the marginal effect of various factors on the risk of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) using regression approaches. We add to this literature by utilizing a Bayesian network (BN) approach to understand the joint effects of clinical, demographic, and area-level factors. We conducted a retrospective observational study using linked birth certificate and insurance claims data from the Arkansas All-Payer Claims Database (APCD), for the years 2013 through 2017. We used various learning algorithms and measures of arc strength to choose the most robust network structure. We then performed various conditional probabilistic queries using Monte Carlo simulation to understand disparities in SMM. We found that anemia and hypertensive disorder of pregnancy may be important clinical comorbidities to target in order to reduce SMM overall as well as racial disparities in SMM.
Fauce
Authors: Liu Jie , Dong Wenqian , Zhou Qingqing , Li Dong
Published: October 2021

Cardinality estimation is a fundamental and critical problem in databases. Recently, many estimators based on deep learning have been proposed to solve this problem and they have achieved promising results. However, these estimators struggle to provide accurate results for complex queries, due to not capturing real inter-column and inter-table correlations. Furthermore, none of these estimators contain the uncertainty information about their estimations. In this paper, we present a join cardinality estimator called Fauce. Fauce learns the correlations across all columns and all tables in the database. It also contains the uncertainty information of each estimation. Among all studied learned estimators, our results are promising: (1) Fauce is a light-weight estimator, it has 10× faster inference speed than the state of the art estimator; (2) Fauce is robust to the complex queries, it provides 1.3×--6.7× smaller estimation errors for complex queries compared with the state of the art estimator; (3) To the best of our knowledge, Fauce is the first estimator that incorporates uncertainty information for cardinality estimation into a deep learning model.
Towards plug-and-play visual graph query interfaces
Authors: Yuan Zifeng , Chua Huey Eng , Bhowmick Sourav S , Ye Zekun , Han Wook-Shin , Choi Byron
Published: October 2021

Canned patterns
(
i.e.
, small subgraph patterns) in visual graph query interfaces (a.k.a GUI) facilitate efficient query formulation by enabling
pattern-at-a-time
construction mode. However, existing GUIS for querying large networks either do not expose any canned patterns or if they do then they are typically selected manually based on domain knowledge. Unfortunately, manual generation of canned patterns is not only labor intensive but may also lack diversity for supporting efficient visual formulation of a wide range of subgraph queries. In this paper, we present a novel, generic, and extensible framework called TATTOO that takes a data-driven approach to
automatically
select canned patterns for a GUI from large networks. Specifically, it first
decomposes
the underlying network into
truss-infested
and
truss-oblivious
regions. Then
candidate
canned patterns capturing different real-world query topologies are generated from these regions. Canned patterns based on a user-specified
plug
are then
selected
for the GUI from these candidates by maximizing
coverage
and
diversity
, and by minimizing the
cognitive load
of the pattern set. Experimental studies with real-world datasets demonstrate the benefits of TATTOO. Importantly, this work takes a concrete step towards realizing
plug-and-play
visual graph query interfaces for large networks.
Crystal
Authors: Durner Dominik , Chandramouli Badrish , Li Yinan
Published: October 2021

Cloud analytical databases employ a disaggregated storage model, where the elastic compute layer accesses data persisted on remote cloud storage in block-oriented columnar formats. Given the high latency and low bandwidth to remote storage and the limited size of fast local storage, caching data at the compute node is important and has resulted in a renewed interest in caching for analytics. Today, each DBMS builds its own caching solution, usually based on file-or block-level LRU. In this paper, we advocate a new architecture of a smart cache storage system called
Crystal
, that is co-located with compute. Crystal's clients are DBMS-specific "data sources" with push-down predicates. Similar in spirit to a DBMS, Crystal incorporates query processing and optimization components focusing on efficient caching and serving of single-table hyper-rectangles called regions. Results show that Crystal, with a small DBMS-specific data source connector, can significantly improve query latencies on unmodified Spark and Greenplum while also saving on bandwidth from remote storage.
Natural and anthropogenic radioactivity in some vegetables and fruits commonly consumed in the Western Black Sea region of Turkey
Authors: Altamemi Raghda A. A. , Turhan Şeref , Kurnaz Asli
Published: October 2021

In this study, the activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, and 137Cs in some vegetable and fruit samples frequently consumed in Kastamonu province located in the West Black Sea region of Turkey were determined using a gamma-ray spectrometer. The activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K varied from 0.8 ± 0.1 to 32.8 ± 1.3, 0.7 ± 0.1 to 41.3 ± 21 and 391.8 ± 18.3 to 4679.0 ± 311.4 Bq kg−1 (dw), respectively, in twenty-eight vegetables and 1.3 ± 0.1 to 12.6 ± 0.4, 1.4 ± 0.1 to 15.0 ± 0.5 and 133.0 ± 84 to 777.0 ± 69.4 Bq kg−1 (dw), respectively, in seven fruit samples. The highest activity concentration of 226Ra and 232Th was measured in the garlic sample, while the highest activity concentration of 40K was measured in the spinach sample. Artificial radionuclide 137Cs was measured only in four vegetable samples; its activity concentration in garlic, eggplant, cucumber and carrot samples was determined as 9.6 ± 0.3, 3.1 ± 0.1, 3.1 ± 0.1 and 2.2 ± 0.1 Bq kg−1 (dw), respectively. The results obtained were compared with the results of similar studies in the literature. Annual effective radiation dose to adults due to the internal irradiation caused by ingestion of the investigated vegetable and fruit samples, and the corresponding excess lifetime cancer risk were estimated as 201 µSv and 8.9 × 10−5, respectively. The contribution of 40K to the total annual effective radiation dose was found as approximately 70%.
Elasticidad precio de la oferta de naranja en México de 1991 a 2019
Authors: Rivera Lopez Samuel , Caamal Cauich Ignacio , Del Valle Sánchez Manuel , Perales Salvador Arturo
Published: October 2021

La naranja es el cítrico con mayor volumen de producción en México. Se produce durante todo el año, pero con una marcada estacionalidad en la cosecha, lo que ocasiona variaciones en el precio al productor. El objetivo de la investigación fue calcular la elasticidad precio de la oferta de naranja en fresco en México de 1991 a 2019, con la finalidad de estimar la influencia de los precios pasados en el volumen de producción de naranja en México en el corto plazo. Se utilizó una regresión logarítmica en la formulación del modelo de la función de oferta para conocer de forma directa el valor de las elasticidades. Los resultados demuestran que la oferta de naranja en México es inelástica con respecto al precio medio rural (PMR) con uno, dos y tres años de rezago. Los signos de los coeficientes de los parámetros estimados concuerdan con la teoría económica de la oferta al ser positivos. Se concluye que las variaciones en el PMR con rezago afectan de forma positiva al volumen de producción de naranja en México en el corto plazo.
Selected methods of microbiological quality assessment of lime and acacia honeys available on Polish market
Authors: Rosiak Elżbieta , Madras-Majewska Beata , Gemba Mateusz
Published: October 2021

In mature honeys small quantities of microorganisms are detected, thus the objective of this research study was to identify the most effective method to microbiologically assess this product. The analyses were carried out using three methods: classical surface, pour plate and spiral culture. Two varietal honey samples were used in the analyses: acacia honey and lime honey. The scope of the research study included the microbiological analyses targeted at the determination of total number of mesophilic aerobic microorganisms, yeast and mould, and mesophilic spore-forming bacteria Bacillus spp. Moreover, the following was determined: pH value, water content and water activity. As for the lime honey, the results of the analyses performed using the three above named methods did not differ statistically significantly as regards the total number of mesophilic aerobic microorganisms and spore-forming bacteria Bacillus spp. However as for the acacia honey, the total number of mesophilic aerobic microorganisms was statistically significantly higher when obtained using the spiral culturing method of analysis and the count of spore-forming bacteria Bacillus spp. – when obtained using the pour plate method. In all the tested samples of acacia honey and the two samples of lime honey (S7 and S5), the count of spore-forming bacteria Bacillus spp. exceeded the limit of 5 × 102 cfu/g. In the case of yeast and mould analyses, the results of the analysis obtained by the pour plate method were statistically significantly higher than those obtained using other two methods. In none of the analysed samples of acacia and lime honey, the limit of 5 × 102 cfu/g of the product was exceeded. Based on the analyses performed, it can be concluded that TCAM can be performed using any method, but the pour plate method is recommended for use to analyse yeast and mould and spore-forming bacteria Bacillus spp.
Występowanie zespołu słabości oraz ryzyka żywieniowego wśród osób starszych korzystających z Dziennych Domów Seniora
Authors: Rolf Katarzyna , Pietruszka Barbara , Baran Izabela , Jaworska Grażyna
Published: October 2021

Zespół słabości (ZS) związany z osłabieniem zdrowia fizycznego i/lub psychicznego osób starszych staje się problemem globalnym. Celem pracy była charakterystyka osób starszych korzystających z Dziennych Domów Seniora (DDS) pod względem: występowania zespołu słabości, zwyczajów żywieniowych i ryzyka żywieniowego. Badania przeprowadzono wśród 49 osób (21 mężczyzn i 28 kobiet) w wieku 61 - 97 lat (średnio 77,5 ± 8,8), z Warszawy (24 osoby) i z Rzeszowa (25 osób), mieszkających samodzielnie, ale regularnie korzystających z Dziennych Domów Seniora (DDS), w których mieli zapewnione częściowe wyżywienie. Do oceny ZS zastosowano Cardiovascular Health Study Scale (CHS), zaś ryzyko żywieniowe oszacowano na podstawie Dietary Screening Tool (DST). Zespół słabości stwierdzono u 39,3 % kobiet i 9,5 % mężczyzn (ogółem 26,5 % badanych), w stadium zwiastunowym było 46,4 % kobiet i 52,4 % mężczyzn (ogółem 49,0 %), zaś 14,3 % kobiet i 38,1 % mężczyzn (ogółem 24,5 %) nie wykazywało żadnych objawów ZS. Różnice między osobami obu płci były statystycznie istotne. Ryzyko żywieniowe zdiagnozowano u 63,3 % osób z badanej grupy, prawdopodobne ryzyko – u 34,7 %, a tylko 2 % badanych nie wykazywało takiego objawu. Nie stwierdzono zależności między występowaniem ZS a ryzykiem żywieniowym. Osoby z ZS rzadziej spożywały pieczywo pełnoziarniste, za to częściej – słodycze (tendencja 0,1 > p > 0,05), Nieznacznie rzadziej w ich diecie były tłuste wędliny, warzywa, produkty mleczne, niesmażone ryby, natomiast częściej – chude wędliny i owoce oraz suplementy diety (brak statystycznej istotności). W celu lepszego poznania zależności przyczynowo-skutkowych między występowaniem ZS a niedożywieniem potrzebne są dalsze prospektywne badania kohortowe.
Sources and sinks of methane in sea ice
Authors: Jacques Caroline , Sapart Célia J. , Fripiat François , Carnat Gauthier , Zhou Jiayun , Delille Bruno , Röckmann Thomas , van der Veen Carina , Niemann Helge , Haskell Tim , Tison Jean-Louis
Published: October 2021

We report on methane (CH4) stable isotope (δ13C and δ2H) measurements from landfast sea ice collected near Barrow (Utqiagvik, Alaska) and Cape Evans (Antarctica) over the winter-to-spring transition. These measurements provide novel insights into pathways of CH4 production and consumption in sea ice. We found substantial differences between the two sites. Sea ice overlying the shallow shelf of Barrow was supersaturated in CH4 with a clear microbial origin, most likely from methanogenesis in the sediments. We estimated that in situ CH4 oxidation consumed a substantial fraction of the CH4 being supplied to the sea ice, partly explaining the large range of isotopic values observed (δ13C between –68.5 and –48.5 ‰ and δ2H between –246 and –104 ‰). Sea ice at Cape Evans was also supersaturated in CH4 but with surprisingly high δ13C values (between –46.9 and –13.0 ‰), whereas δ2H values (between –313 and –113 ‰) were in the range of those observed at Barrow. These are the first measurements of CH4 isotopic composition in Antarctic sea ice. Our data set suggests a potential combination of a hydrothermal source, in the vicinity of the Mount Erebus, with aerobic CH4 formation in sea ice, although the metabolic pathway for the latter still needs to be elucidated. Our observations show that sea ice needs to be considered as an active biogeochemical interface, contributing to CH4 production and consumption, which disputes the standing paradigm that sea ice is an inert barrier passively accumulating CH4 at the ocean-atmosphere boundary.
Soil enzymes are preferentially associated with larger particles in highly organic Arctic tundra soils
Authors: Martinez Jane , McLaren Jennie , Tweedie Craig E. , Darrouzet-Nardi Anthony
Published: October 2021

Microbial processes, including extracellular enzyme (exoenzyme) production, are a major driver of decomposition and a current topic of interest in Arctic soils due to the effects of climate warming. While enzyme activity levels are often assessed, we lack information on the specific location of these exoenzymes within the soil matrix. Identifying the locations of different soil enzymes is needed to improve our understanding of microbial and overall ecosystem function. Using soil obtained from Utqiaġvik, Alaska, our objectives in the study are (1) to measure the activity of enzymes in soil pore water, (2) to examine the distribution of activity among soil particle size fractions using filtration, and (3) to cross these particle size fraction analyses with disruption techniques (blending to shred and sonication to further separate clumped/aggregated soil materials) to assess how tightly bound the enzymes are to the particles. The results of the soil pore water assays showed little to no enzyme activity (<0.05 nmol g soil–1 h–1), suggesting that enzymes are not abundant in soil pore water. In the soil cores, we detected activity for most of the hydrolytic enzymes, and there were clear differences among the particle size and disruption treatments. Higher activities in unfiltered and 50-µm filters relative to much finer 2-µm filters suggested that the enzymes were preferentially associated with larger particles in the soil, likely the organic material that makes up the bulk of these Arctic soils. Furthermore, in the sonication + blending treatment with no filter, 5 of 6 hydrolytic enzymes showed higher activity compared to blending only (and much higher than sonication only), further indicating that enzyme–substrate complexes throughout the organic matter component of the soil matrix are the sites of hydrolytic enzyme activity. These results suggest that the enzymes are likely bound to either the producing microbes, which are bound to the substrates, or directly to the larger organic substrates they are decomposing. This close-proximity binding may potentially minimize the transport of decomposition products away from the microbes that produce them.
Diez tesis para una Teoría de las Relaciones Transestatales
Authors: Friggeri Félix Pablo
Published: October 2021

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar una propuesta básica para una agenda de investigación con miras a una construcción teórica que aporte a una perspectiva popular y descolonizadora en el ámbito de las habitualmente llamadas teorías de las Relaciones Internacionales. Proyectando hacia este ámbito el principio cosmovisional y constitucional de la plurinacionalidad se presenta un cuestionamiento a una serie de elementos de las teorías predominantes y se busca comenzar a colocar las bases para caminar en un proceso de investigación y análisis hacia una construcción teórica alternativa que, provisoriamente, se denomina teoría de las Relaciones Transestatales. Metodológicamente, se trata de un trabajo interdisciplinario y que trabaja la articulación de conceptos en camino a una teoría, como lo propusiera Amado Cervo, donde se trabaja en base a propuestas surgidas de tres fuentes: desde la reflexión de las luchas populares de la región, principalmente de las provenientes de los movimientos indígenas; desde conceptos y convicciones surgidas de la historia regional y su reflexión; y, desde la base, principalmente, de autores latinoamericanos que han trabajado la misma perspectiva popular y descolonizadora que pretende tener el artículo. Desde allí se elaboran diez tesis con la intención de que sirvan de base para una articulación teórica. La estructuración del trabajo se hace en relación a la formulación y explicación de estas diez tesis. Esta explicación no llega a ser exhaustiva por la limitada extensión que debe tener un artículo de estas características, pero también, por lo menos en algunos casos, por tratarse de un proceso todavía en construcción y que necesita continuar su profundización. De todas formas, se aspira a que la presentación conjunta de estas tesis proporcione una visión panorámica que posibilite visualizar los contenidos fundamentales del proyecto teórico. Existen también una serie de temas cuyo tratamiento podría complementar y enriquecer la propuesta, y que no son tratados en el artículo por los límites expuestos más arriba. Las temáticas abordadas a través de las tesis son resumidamente las siguientes: 1) Desde el concepto de plurinacionalidad se propone el de relaciones transestatales. 2) Se propone esta teoría como paradigma distinto al de las teorías de las Relaciones Internacionales predominantes. 3) La integración desde los pueblos. 4) Las praxis de las luchas populares como lugar epistémico político. 5) Soberanía popular y soberanía compartida. 6) El análisis del racismo de clase. 7) La integración contrahegemónica. 8) El aporte al diálogo Sur Sur. 9) La búsqueda de un horizonte poscapitalista. 10) La visión biocéntrica.
Redes sociais e apoio social em estudantes de enfermagem durante a pandemia covid-19
Authors: Jantara Romario Daniel , Abreu Daiane Porto Gautério , Santana Leni de Lima , Piexak Diéssica Roggia , Oliveira Stella Minasi de
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é identificar os tipos de redes sociais acessadas e a percepção do apoio social recebido por graduandos de enfermagem no contexto da pandemia de covid-19. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo e correlacional, realizado com 147 estudantes de graduação em enfermagem de uma universidade federal. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de formulário eletrônico, contendo questionário de caracterização de elaboração própria, Escala de Solidão, Escala de Apoio Social e Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse. As principais redes sociais identificadas foram as familiares, as de amizade e as institucionais. Prevaleceu nível médio de apoio social para as dimensões apoio emocional/informacional (56,5%), interação social (47,6%) e alto nível para as dimensões apoio material (41,5%) e apoio afetivo (51,7%). Embora o estudo tenha identificado as redes sociais e a percepção de apoio social, mais pesquisas são necessárias para esclarecer os impactos da pandemia na população estudada.
Impactos do avanço da pandemia de COVID-19 na saúde mental de profissionais de saúde
Authors: Ribeiro Pricila Cristina Correa , Alvarenga Marco Antônio Silva , Azevedo Tiago Geraldo de , Bandeira Paulo Felipe Ribeiro , Pereira Elder  Gomes , Mansur-Alves Marcela , Alvares-Teodoro Juliana , Peixoto Camila Batista , Diniz Marina Luiza Nunes , Freitas Sabrina Kelly Pessoa de , Teodoro Maycoln  Leôni Martins
Published: October 2021

O estudou verificou a associação e influência entre variáveis sociodemográficas, laborais, impactos da pandemia (desesperança, contaminação, óbito na família), traços de personalidade e de saúde mental em profissionais de saúde brasileiros em dois tempos distintos da pandemia de Covid-19. Foram incluídos 155 profissionais que responderam questionário online. Foi utilizado o modelo de redes para a análise dos dados. Os sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse foram os mais influentes no modelo testado e apresentaram associações com a desesperança nos dois tempos. No tempo 1, o estigma foi uma das variáveis mais influentes. No tempo 2, o estigma e a ansiedade reduziram sua influência, enquanto o estresse e a desesperança tornaram-se mais influentes. Os alvos das intervenções para os profissionais de saúde podem ser diferenciados no início e no avanço do contexto pandêmico, mas cabe contínua focalização do estresse e da desesperança.
Efectos del confinamiento en adolescentes en pandemia por covid-19 en ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Maristany Mariana , Preve Paula , Cros Belén , Revilla Romina
Published: October 2021

En Argentina, el gobierno local decretó el 20 de marzo del 2020 el aislamiento social preventivo y obligatorio (ASPO) para mitigar la pandemia por COVID-19. Luego de 100 días de confinamiento (junio de 2020), la Fundación Aiglé elaboró una encuesta con el objetivo de relevar las percepciones de los adolescentes ante el ASPO, explorando hábitos, emociones, conductas y relaciones con pares y familias. Se exploró cuánto empeoró, se mantuvo igual o mejoraron cada uno de estos aspectos. Se administró la encuesta a 1068 adolescentes entre 12 y 18 años residentes de la República Argentina, 32% varones y 68% mujeres (X: 15,17; DS: 1,79). Los resultados muestran que durante el confinamiento tanto los hábitos como los aspectos emocionales se vieron significativamente afectados. Sin embargo, las relaciones familiares, mostraron una mejoría en gran parte de la población adolescente. El objetivo del artículo es presentar los resultados en cada una de estas áreas.
Uma intervenção de Terapia Focada na Compaixão em Grupos Online no contexto da pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Almeida Nazaré , Rebessi Isabela Pizzarro , Szupszynski Karen , Neufeld Carmem Beatriz
Published: October 2021

A Terapia Focada na Compaixão (TFC) é uma abordagem de tratamento transdiagnóstico que visa desenvolver capacidades de calma e afiliação como uma maneira de regular o sistema de ameaças, o que pode ser muito útil em situação de crise, como o caso da pandemia pelo COVID-19. Trata-se de um relato de experiência que tem como objetivo apresentar uma intervenção em grupo de 3 sessões semanais de TFC realizada em ambiente virtual, com objetivo de oferecer suporte à população na pandemia por COVID-19, avaliando possíveis mudanças nos níveis de depressão, ansiedade, estresse e autocompaixão. Neste estudo, 106 participantes concluíram a intervenção ofertada dentro do programa “LaPICC contra COVID-19”. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas medidas quantitativas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse, além da autocompaixão. Os dados qualitativos também indicaram mudanças em termos de compaixão e autocompaixão. Esses achados sugerem que a compaixão pode contribuir para a saúde mental e bem-estar psicológico, bem como para o enfrentamento de crises nos participantes deste grupo.
Entrevista com o Prof. Joaquim Clotet – Ética e Bioética
Authors: Pontel Evandro , Bonhemberger Marcelo
Published: October 2021

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Prevalência e fatores associados ao uso de benzodiazepínicos em idosos atendidos em um ambulatório especializado em Porto Alegre, Brasil
Authors: Couto Isabella Serafin , Sgnaolin Vanessa , Engroff Paula , Dannebrock Letícia Güenter , Guilhermano Luiz Gustavo , Neto Alfredo Cataldo
Published: October 2021

Objetivos: verificar a prevalência de uso de BZDs na população idosa atendida em um ambulatório de psiquiatria geriátrica de um hospital universitário em Porto Alegre, Brasil.Métodos: estudo transversal realizado no ambulatório de psiquiatria geriátrica. A coleta de dados ocorreu durante a primeira consulta dos indivíduos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos. Os dados avaliados compreendem questões sociodemográficas, clínicas, de saúde e uso de medicamentos. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o programa SPSS (do inglês, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences).Resultados: um total de 295 idosos foram incluídos no estudo. A média de idade foi de 72,1±8,3 anos, sendo na maioria mulheres (76,6%), com escolaridade de 5 a 8 e 9 a 12 anos de estudo (ambos com a mesma frequência, 28,9%), casados (45,0%), residindo com familiar (34,4%), aposentados (79,8%). A prevalência de utilização de BZD foi de 33,6% (n=99). A queixa principal de ansiedade e o diagnóstico de transtornos ansiosos foram associadas ao uso de BZDs.Conclusões: a prevalência do uso de BZDs foi alta e associada à queixa principal de ansiedade e aos diagnósticos de transtornos ansiosos e depressivos, mesmo esses sendo considerados medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados e com alto risco de complicações. O tratamento da população geriátrica, muitas vezes, é colocado em segundo plano, não recebendo devidamente os cuidados direcionados às demandas específicas que esses indivíduos necessitam. O conhecimento epidemiológico da população idosa expõe características e auxilia na elaboração de plano terapêutico diferenciado.
A fjord-like tropical ecosystem, Pacific coast of Costa Rica: overview of research in Golfo Dulce
Authors: Vargas-Zamora José A. , Gómez-Ramírez Eddy , Morales-Ramírez Álvaro
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Coastal ecosystems worldwide are under the influence of local, regional and global stressors, such as pollution, eutrophication and climate change. Golfo Dulce is a relatively pristine and accessible deep tropical ecosystem that provides opportunities for comparative and collaborative research. Objective: To summarize published reports on past research conducted in this ecosystem, identify topics for further study, and suggest new research issues. Methods: A search was made on the web for reports based on research conducted in Golfo Dulce and published in scientific journals. Reports focusing on environmental parameters and on the biota were included. Results: A total of 123 studies that include data from Golfo Dulce are cited. The four topics more frequently addressed were reports based on the results of the R/V Victor Hensen expedition (1993-1994) and follow-up work on microbiology, studies on water parameters, research on vertebrates, and zooplankton studies. The reports focusing on vertical profiles of oxygen and temperature are discussed in detail, followed by those on the biota. Conclusions: Golfo Dulce has low oxygen concentrations below 50 m and is frequently anoxic at the 200 m deep basin with occasional formation of H2S. However, the ecosystem contains a relatively high diversity of identified organisms, from bacteria to whales. Of particular relevance for future studies are multidisciplinary surveys aiming at obtaining data on primary productivity, the diversity and biomass of the main groups of planktonic, demersal and benthic organisms, and the frequency and magnitude of the influx of deep offshore waters over the sill into the basin. These data, as well as the information gathered in the past, are essential for updating the trophic model developed more than 25 years ago and in support of new predictive models on the functioning of the ecosystem.
Microsporogénesis y micromorfología del polen de la planta Alcea rosea (Malvaceae)
Authors: Rincón-Barón Edgar Javier , Torres-Rodríguez Gerardo Andrés , Passarelli Lilian M. , Zarate Diego A , Cuarán Viviana Lucia , Plata-Arboleda Sayonara
Published: October 2021

Introducción: Los estudios sobre microsporogénesis, micromorfología y estructura de los granos de polen en Malvaceae son escasos. Objetivos: Describir el proceso de microsporogénesis y aspectos micromorfológicos de los granos de polen en A. rosea. Métodos: Se procesaron más de 30 andróforos de acuerdo con los protocolos estándar para incrustar y seccionar en parafina. Las secciones obtenidas se tiñeron con azul de Safranina-Alcian, las anteras inmaduras y no fijadas se tiñeron con azul de anilina. Se procesaron secciones de resina adicionales de los andróforos y se tiñeron con azul de toluidina. Se observaron secciones ultrafinas con microscopía electrónica de transmisión (TEM). Para la observación con microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM), el material se fijó y deshidrató en 2,2 dimetoxipropano, luego se secó hasta un punto crítico y se recubrieron con oro. Resultados: las anteras se diferencian de una masa celular en los extremos distales de los filamentos del estambre. La pared de la antera madura presenta una capa externa de células epidérmicas y una capa interna, el endotecio. Las células madre de microesporas se dividen por mitosis y luego experimentan meiosis para formar tétradas. El tapete es inicialmente celular y forma una sola capa de células y luego pierde integridad celular al invadir el lóculo de microsporangio, formando un periplasmodio. Durante la formación de la esporodermis, primero se deposita la exina y luego la intina. Para el momento de la liberación de los granos de polen, el tapete se ha degenerado por completo. Los granos de polen son pantoporados, apolares, con simetría radial, esferoidales, con espinas, bacula, gránulos y microgránulos. El tectum está perforado con foveolea dispuesta homogéneamente en toda la superficie y con polenkit. La exina es ancha (5-6 µm) y consta de una endexina gruesa de 3.5 a 4 µm y una ektexina fina (0.6-0.7 µm). La ultraestructura muestra columelas claramente definidas formando el infratectum. Se aprecian tricomas nectaríferos unicelulares glandulares capitados (TG) cubriendo toda la superficie de los filamentos de los estambres. Conclusiones: La estructura y desarrollo de las anteras sigue los patrones conocidos de las angiospermas. La microsporogénesis simultánea y el depósito centrípeto de la esporodermis se han descrito previamente para Malvaceae.
The Metrics G = agS + bgH + cgV on the Tangent Bundle of a Weyl Manifold
Authors: Altunbaş Murat
Published: October 2021

Let (M, [g]) be a Weyl manifold and TM be its tangent bundle equipped with Riemannian g−natural metrics which are linear combinations of Sasaki, horizontal and vertical lifts of the base metric with constant coefficients. The aim of this paper is to construct a Weyl structure on TM and to show that TM cannot be Einstein-Weyl even if (M, g) is fiat.
Exploring L2 Teacher Identities in an Intercultural Telecollaborative Mixed-Reality Teaching Environment
Authors: Liaw Meei-Ling , Wu Sumei
Published: October 2021

This study investigates the identities produced by three L2 teachers of different backgrounds and experiences in an intercultural telecollaborative project that integrated the use of mixed-reality technology. Content-analysis (Hoffman et al., 2011) and multimodal (inter)action analysis (Norris, 2011) were employed to identify the identity elements produced during their multimodal interactions. Using Darvin and Norton’s (2015) model of investment (MOI) as an interpretative lens, this study uncovers the different identities held by the participants, and the ways in which they aspired to become good teachers. Findings also show that mixed-reality simulated teaching provided a safe environment for exercising professional agency, thereby facilitating identity development and promoting the sense of getting there. Interactive reflection provided a site of struggle where the value of capital and imagined identities shifted. Dialoguing among the participants allowed them to reassess the value of pre-acquired capital and move to (re)imagining new teacher identities and restructuring ideological structures. Mixed-reality teaching and intercultural professional learning sensitizes the less experienced teachers to the socially and culturally complex roles required for L2 teachers. The mixed-reality simulation technology still has its limitations, mainly where classroom interaction is concerned, because the number of avatar students is small and they cannot move around physically.
Current Issues in Intercultural Pragmatics Istvan Kecskes and Stavros Assimakopoulos (Eds.) John Benjamins Publishing Company (2017)
Authors: Cheng Gang , Zhang Shaojie
Published: October 2021

Current Issues in Intercultural Pragmatics Istvan Kecskes and Stavros Assimakopoulos (Eds.) John Benjamins Publishing Company (2017)
Pragmatics in Chinese Culture (3rd edition) Guanlian Qian (2020)
Authors: Chen Juan
Published: October 2021

Pragmatics in Chinese Culture (3rd edition) Guanlian Qian (2020) Tsinghua University Press
The sequential environments of positive assessments as responsive actions in Mandarin daily interaction
Authors: Zhang Yanhong , Yu Guodong
Published: October 2021

This article, adopting conversation analysis as the research methodology, investigates the sequential environments that normally and sequentially project the occurrence of positive assessments (PAs) in Mandarin daily interactions. Based on the collected data, six different types of sequential environments are identified: they are performing the social actions of self-praise, self-deprecation, troubles-telling, self-PA-implicative conducive yes/no question, offering/granting a request, and informing respectively. When responding to one of these six social actions, interlocutors normally provide a positive assessment as a response. It is demonstrated that these six actions have different degrees of projectability for the occurrence of positive assessments. In addition, their varying degrees of projectability constitute a continuum. Self-praise, self-deprecation, and self-PA-implicative conducive yes/no questions have the highest degrees of projectability, informing has the least, with troubles-telling and offer/granting a request positioning in between. The present study contributes to our understanding of the sequential environments in which Mandarin Chinese speakers make positive assessments to support the social solidarity.
Competências em promoção da saúde: conformações e recursos mobilizados na residência multiprofissional
Authors: Machado Lucas Dias Soares , Xavier Samyra Paula Lustoza , Leite Paloma Loiola , Moreira Maria Rosilene Cândido , Silva Maria Rocineide Ferreira , Machado Maria de Fátima Antero Sousa
Published: October 2021

Resumo Objetivo reconhecer a conformação de competências em promoção da saúde na residência multiprofissional em saúde. Método estudo qualitativo, realizado junto aos programas de residência multiprofissional do estado do Ceará e orientado pelo referencial do Competences in Health Promotion Project (CompHP). Participaram 13 profissionais do colegiado docente de cinco programas de residência com atuação prioritária na atenção básica. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e interpretados por meio de dendrograma organizado no ALCESTE. Resultados duas classes foram originadas relacionando as concepções do colegiado docente da residência sobre competências, competência em promoção da saúde e seu desenvolvimento a partir do processo formativo da residência multiprofissional. O desenvolvimento de competências em promoção da saúde na residência multiprofissional envolve a articulação de atributos psicomotores, cognitivos e afetivos. Para tanto, valorizam-se as práticas coletivas e multiprofissionais, utilizando estratégias de comunicação, educação popular e identificação de parcerias, entre outros. Considerações finais e implicações para a prática fomentar o desenvolvimento de competências em promoção da saúde contribui com a superação de modelos tradicionais de ensino e práticas de saúde, entretanto, aspectos políticos, institucionais e sociais destacam a necessidade de cautela no desenvolvimento de estudos pautados na formação de equipes multiprofissionais, representando limitações do estudo.
A New Species of Comolia (Melastomataceae, Marcetieae) from the Sand Dunes of Bahia, Brazil, with Notes on Leaf Anatomy
Authors: Silva Diego Nunes da , Luna Bruna Nunes de , Freire Talvanis Lorenzetti , Guimarães Elsie Franklin , Guimarães Paulo José Fernandes
Published: October 2021

Abstract— Comolia abaetensis, an endemic new species from the Abaeté and Itapuã sand dunes, Bahia, Brazil, is described and illustrated. Additionally, field images and a geographic distribution map of the new species are provided, together
with morphological and leaf anatomy comparisons among the most similar congeners, and a dichotomous key to the species that occur in Brazil. Comolia abaetensis is morphologically similar to C. ovalifolia, but differs from the latter by the following combination of characteristics:
glabrous (rarely with sparse trichomes) internodes and hirsute nodes, glabrous leaf blades or rarely with sparse eglandular trichomes, abaxial surface predominantly red with green nuances, glabrous pedicels, cupuliform hypanthium, and filaments of the antesepalous stamens that are 5‐6
mm long. Specimens of C. abaetensis have been confused with and/or tentatively determined as C. berberifolia. However, these two species are readily distinguished by the size of the leaves, the length of the trichomes and filaments, and the color of the abaxial foliar surfaces.
Comparisons between the leaf anatomy of C. abaetensis and C. ovalifolia are provided and the occurrence of emergences and hydathodes are here reported for the genus for the first time. Finally, we informally recommend a conservation status of Critically Endangered [CR B1ab (iv)
+ 2ab (iv)] for C. abaetensis.
Modification of waste persimmon peel and application in water-based drilling fluid
Authors: Gao Long , Gu Xuefan , Sun Yan , Du Weichao , Zhang Jie , Chen Gang
Published: October 2021

To develop a green drilling fluid additive, the modification and application of persimmon peel in a water-based drilling fluid was studied in this work. A natural product derivative, aluminium chloride–persimmon peel (ACPP), was prepared from aluminium chloride and persimmon peel and was assessed as a shale inhibitor. The clay-swelling ratio in 0.30% ACPP-3 solution was reduced to 28.10% from 69.50%. The rolling recovery tests and rheological evaluation of drilling fluids concluded that ACPP-3 has a high inhibition property to montmorillonite-hydrated expansion. ACPP-3 can adjust the particle size of montmorillonite to a large degree. ACPP-3 effectively reduces the apparent viscosity of carboxymethyl cellulose drilling fluids and the volume of filtration; furthermore, ACPP-3 can reduce the viscosity and the volume of filtration under high temperature, which means it can be used as an additive for deep drilling. The inhibition mechanism of ACPP-3 was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The results of this scientific research will be beneficial to the eco-friendly drilling fluid materials.
Structural and electrical properties of irradiated flexible ZnO/PVA nanocomposite films
Authors: Abdeltwab Eslam , Atta Ali
Published: October 2021

In this work, the structure and dielectric properties of flexible films composed of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) mixed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer are irradiated with different fluence of argon ion beam (8 × 1017, 16 × 1017 and 24 × 1017 ions/cm2). The zinc oxide (ZnO)/PVA composite films were synthesised using the solvent casting preparation method and then characterised using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The XRD showed that ZnO/PVA composite films were successfully fabricated, and the FTIR peaks indicated that ZnONPs had a chemical interaction with PVA polymer chains. Furthermore, the AC conductivity, dielectric permittivity, electric modulus and energy density efficiency of the un-irradiated and irradiated films were determined using an inductance, capacitance and resistance meter in the frequency range 102–106 Hz. The dielectric constant, ε′, of the composite film increased from 1.38 for un-irradiated ZnO/PVA to 1.88 after being irradiated by 24 × 1017 ions/cm−2, and the conductivity is improved from 7.8 × 10−5 to 10.6 × 10−5 S/cm. The obtained results demonstrated that the dielectric characteristics of the irradiated ZnO/PVA composite films were enhanced; hence, will support these materials in current electronic applications.
La universidad en tiempos de pandemia: cambios rápidos, inequidades permanentes
Authors: Linares-García Johana , Rojas-Betancur Héctor , Hernandez-Quirama Andrea
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Analizar las estrategias implementadas para mantener el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje haciendo uso de las TIC desde la experiencia de una institución de educación superior. Método: Estudio de corte cualitativo, realizado en dos fases: documental y acercamiento con agentes educativos, haciendo uso de una plataforma virtual. El registro de información se hizo mediante notas, que fueron codificadas. El análisis de las fuentes primarias y secundarias fue de carácter general, es decir, se realizó un proceso inductivo y se buscó realizar un ejercicio de reducción y relación categorial para su triangulación con el contexto y la interpretación del equipo investigador. Resultados: Las estrategias efectuadas por la Universidad se clasificaron en tres categorías: infraestructura, corresponde a las acciones implementadas para asumir la virtualidad; la formación docente, se llevó a cabo un proceso de fortalecimiento en pedagogía haciendo uso de las TIC y bienestar estudiantil, las actividades realizadas para alcanzar desde la virtualidad el proceso enseñanza, aprendizaje. Discusión y Conclusiones: Se evidenció la brecha digital y su influencia en el uso de las TIC. La virtualidad en la educación superior implica retos para los cuales no se estaba preparada.
Forest structural parameters and aboveground biomass in old-growth and secondary forests along an elevational gradient in Mexico
Authors: Alrutz Martina , Gómez Díaz Jorge Antonio , Schneidewind Ulf , Krömer Thorsten , Kreft Holger
Published: October 2021

Background: Tropical montane forests are important reservoirs of carbon and biodiversity but are threatened by deforestation and climate change. It is important to understand how forest structure and aboveground biomass change along gradients of elevation and succession.
Questions: What are the interactive effect of elevation and two stages of succession on forest structure parameters?
Studied species: Tree communities.
Study site and dates: Cofre de Perote, Veracruz, Mexico. August to December 2015.
Methods: We studied four sites along an elevational gradient (500, 1,500, 2,500, and 3,500 m). At each elevation and each forest type, we established five 20 × 20 m plots (n = 40 plots). Within each plot, we measured stem density, mean diameter at breast height (dbh), and tree height and derived basal area and aboveground biomass (AGB).
Results: AGB peaked at 2,500 m and was significantly related to elevation and succession, with higher values in old-growth forests than in secondary forests at higher altitudes. Lower values of mean dbh and basal area were found at higher elevations. At the lowest elevation, both successional stages had the same values of stem density and AGB. At both lower elevations, secondary forests had higher values of dbh and basal area. There were high biomass stocks in the old-growth forest at 2,500 and 3,500 m.
Conclusions: Old-growth forests at higher elevations are threatened by deforestation, consequently these remaining fragments must be preserved because of their storage capacity for biomass and their ability to mitigate climate change.
Noise pollution generated by motor vehicles at different times on Avenue Paulista, municipality of São Paulo / SP
Authors: Souza Junior Antonio Celso de , Paschoalin Filho João Alexandre
Published: October 2021

Cities have shown high rates of population growth since the beginning of the twentieth century (at a greater intensity when compared to their development), which puts pressure on the environment intensifying the need of natural resources exploitation, as well as creating infrastructure problems. Among the impacts caused by the high densification of the population, noise pollution caused mainly by motor vehicles can be highlighted. This kind of urban impact, often ignored by the population and government, in addition to reducing people's quality of life and depreciating urban areas, can cause irreversible damage to public health. In this regard, this research brings, through measurements "in loco", the generation of noise by motor vehicles, in one of the main roads of the city of São Paulo. In addition to the data obtained, this research also analyzes them in the light of recommendations for technical standards and resolutions aimed at noise control. Through the analyzes conducted, it was found that the noise due to traffic, which is subject to the population that occupies (permanently or transiently) the surroundings of the road in studies, is above the recommended levels. In addition to momentary discomfort, the noise levels obtained have the potential to cause damage to the health of the population, such as hearing loss, attention deviations and even psychological problems. Therefore, it is hoped that this research will help to foster the debate about the impacts of noise pollution on the urban environment and the need for measures to be taken by municipal managers.
Veiled Chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus) 2021 Environmental Summary, Reptile & Aquatics, Stowers Institute for Medical Research v1
Authors: P Baumann Diana , Kupronis Richard
Published: October 2021

Veiled Chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus) are an increasingly popular model organism, and we have maintained a colony at the Stowers Institute since 2010. Due to the poikilothermic nature of these animals, achieving the correct macro and microenvironments plays an important role in successful long term colony maintenance. Despite being bred in captivity for many generations, relatively little husbandry information has been published regarding housing in a research environment. Recognizing that husbandry conditions and environmental parameters can impact research results we provide information about the housing, husbandry, maintenance, nutrition, and health for our colony of Veiled Chameleons. This information will be applicable to any chameleon housed in the facility in 2021.