bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Практические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению фебрильной нейтропении
Authors: Сакаева Д. Д. , Курмуков И. А. , Орлова Р. В. , Шабаева М. М.
Published: March 2021

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Практические рекомендации по нутритивной поддержке онкологических больных
Authors: Сытов А. В. , Зузов С. А. , Лейдерман И. Н. , Хотеев А. Ж.
Published: March 2021

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Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Palate in Clinically Negative Neck: Case Report and Review
Authors: Paka Lubamba Grace , Xu Peng Kun , Guan Jian , Wang Xin Yu , Ning Shang Bo , Dai Xin Peng , Song Zhen Yu , Du Jian Yu , Ren Bao Rui
Published: March 2021

Background: The Squamous cell carcinoma of the palate is rare; women are more affected than men. This study aimed to discuss the etiology, diagnostic modalities, prognosis factors, and treatment strategies.

Case: A 49-year-old woman was admitted to our department in 2019 with a chief complaint of a hard and painful mass on the right palate. The Clinical assessment revealed a palatal tumor extended to 3/4 of hard palate and part of the soft palate, with hard consistency, no mobility, cauliflower-like surface partly covered by a white pseudo-membrane, dark red-colored, and clinically negative neck. 3D CT scan of palate and maxilla revealed malignant lesion features, Cervical MRI and Chest CT revealed enlarged lymph nodes. The histopathological assessment diagnosed keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of the right palate. Resection of the tumor and Reconstructive surgery were performed. The postoperative outcomes were simple.

Conclusion: Hepatitis B virus, local chronic inflammation were the risk factors incriminated in this case. The prognosis factors such as patient age, tumor size, lymph node involvement, bone invasion, and pathological grade influence the treatment and survival. Selective neck dissection, Ablative surgery, and Reconstruction with Submental island flap represented our management strategy for keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of the palate.
A HYPERTEXT, AZ ONLINE KOMMUNIKÁCIÓS CSATORNÁK ÉS A DIGITÁLISMÉDIA-PLATFORMOK MINT AZ OKTATÁS ÚJ OTTHONAI
Authors: SZŰTS Zoltán
Published: March 2021

A pedagógiában tapasztalt digitális fordulat alapja egyszerre egy kommunikációs és szövegcentrikus forradalom. Ez, az oktatásnak új otthont adó szöveg azonban már, mint látni fogjuk, az új, hálózati korszak törvényeinek engedelmeskedik, természeténél fogva konvergens, magába olvasztja a képet, mozgóképet és hangot, miközben nem csupán interaktivitásra, de együtt alkotásra is hívja a befogadót, akiből így tartalom-létrehozó, vagyis prosumer is válik. Az online kommunikációs és médiafolyamatok világunk alrendszereibe történő beépülésének hatására kezdték el az elektronikus tanulási környezet bevezetését és működtetését az oktatási intézmények. A digitális pedagógia a jelenben a felhőalapú, web 2.0-s online kommunikációs és médiaplatformokra, illetve mobilapplikációkra épül. Ezen platformok csoportosítására sokféle lehetőség kínálkozik. Egyaránt érvényes megközelítés az ingyenes vagy fizetős, illetve az egyéni vagy csoportos tanulás alapján való felosztás. Valamennyi lehetséges megközelítést mérlegelve végül úgy döntöttünk, hogy az általuk betöltött kommunikációs funkciók alapján csoportosítjuk és vizsgáljuk az alkalmazásokat, miközben kitérünk a hypertextualitásra épülő elemeikre is.
BÖRTÖNNARRATÍVÁK KELET-EURÓPÁBAN
Authors: VINCZE Ferenc
Published: March 2021

A közép- vagy kelet-európai nemzeti irodalmakat sok esetben hasonló jelenségek, poétikai alakulások és változások kísérik. Ezek a gyakran párhuzamosan kialakuló jelenségek vagy poétikai történések nem feltétlenül egymás ismeretében jöttek létre, azonban semmiképp sem függetlenek az aktuális kulturális közeg jellemzőitől. A különböző, migrációt, ki- és elvándorlást előtérbe állító vagy éppen az úgynevezett visszatérés-narratívákat működtető szövegek értelmezése során a transznacionális vagy transzkulturális perspektíva biztosít- hatja számunkra azt a lehetőséget és szempontrendszert, melyek arra szolgálhatnak, hogy a különböző nemzeti irodalmakban felsejlő hasonlóságokat beépíthessük komparatív értelmezéseinkbe. A börtönről való beszéd textuális körülményei és narratív struktúrái szintén hasonlóságokat mutatnak, jelen dolgozat Bodor Ádám A börtön szaga, Eginald Schlattner Rote Handschuhe és Lucian Dan Teodorovici Matei Brunul című műveinek összevetésé- re tesz kísérletet, mely elemzés során a hatalom, a felügyelet, a büntetés és a megfigyelés reprezentációs eljárásai kerülnek az előtérbe.
Corpo e ciência do conhecimento disciplinar à visão plural
Authors: Oliveira Francisco Vieira de , Barbosa Joaquim Gonçalves
Published: March 2021

Neste breve ensaio, procuramos refletir sobre como a razão consagrou a divisão do homem em corpo e alma e sobre como essa dualidade se revelou na tradição hierárquica de estratificação do saber e do conhecimento científico, servindo para justificar dicotomias com alto e poderoso capital simbólico (teoria e prática). Mais do que refutar uma educação do corpo baseada no conhecimento disciplinar ou na ciência cartesiana, que, aparentemente, só reconhecem um ponto de vista sobre ele - como se a pessoa fosse apenas uma dimensão -, desejamos ousadamente, a partir dessa herança histórica, argumentar, embora de forma breve, que, através do movimento do corpo, ao longo dos tempos, podemos compreender o movimento da própria ciência como resultado de nossa visão sobre corpo e mundo. Nessa construção foram utilizados contributos teóricos que dissertam sobre epistemologia científica (ARDOINO, 1998), teoria da complexidade (MORIN, 2003), corpo (NIETZSCHE, 2012a, 2012b, 2013, 2014, 2015).
Developing Countries: Problems of Environment and Development
Authors: Rogozhina N.
Published: March 2021

This article deals with the role of developing countries in strengthening the global ecological security, because the focus of environmental crisis has been shifting towards them. Taking into consideration the dynamics of their socio-economic and demographic changes, these countries will determine environmental situation in the world. Ecological crisis in developing countries is subjected to the industrial society formation that is accompanied by heavy demand on natural resources and pollution of environment. The author concludes that inevitable environmental costs of extensive economic growth are multiplied by continuing population growth and poverty increase. Today the developing countries are in extremely hard situation: they won’t overcome economic gap which is the main cause of ecological disruption without accelerating the development. But at the same time, the uncontrolled increase of economic production results in intensification of environmental crisis. It determines the urgent need to shift from the traditional model of industrial development relying on the postulate "growth first clean up later" to the model of "green" development. This economic concept is defined as eco-industrial revolution. In order to carry this task these states have to include the elements of post-industrial "green" development into the model of the industrial type development catch up. In its practical realization this model may cause further differentiation of developing countries and inequality on the global level. The emerging economics of the Asia Pacific region possess enough technological, financial resources and political will to join the "green world". But scarcely the poor countries of Africa or South Asia will demonstrate the same high interest in providing secure ecological development. Sustainable economics will probably facilitate entering the "green world".
FORMATION OF CORN PRODUCTIVITY IN CROP ROTATION DEPENDING ON LONG-TERM FERTILIZATION AND LIMING
Authors:   Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian Region of NAAS, Obroshyne, Lviv, Ukraine, STASIV Oleh , OLIFIR Yuriy ,   Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian Region of NAAS, Obroshyne, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: March 2021

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the main source of feed and food resources. The importance of this culture in the world economy continues to grow. In Ukraine corn is an export-oriented crop of universal purpose and high potential. Based on the results of research in the ninth rotation of long-term stationary experiment, it was found that in the Western Forest-Steppe in four-field crop rotation on Albic Stagnic Luvisol the highest productivity of corn 73 t . ha–1 is formed by organo-mineral fertilizing system with systematic joint application of 10 t . ha–1 manure, N65Р68К68 on the background of periodic liming with 1.0 n CaCO3 by hydrolytic acidity. It is shown that long-term unilateral application of mineral fertilizer system (more than 50 years) on acidic soil along with the accumulation of nitrogen compounds increases the acidity and content of mobile aluminum compounds, leads to blocking the activity of enzyme systems, reducing absorption and transformation of nutrients and in consequence the formation of low-yield corn at the level of control without fertilizers.
Enabling Technologies Help Drilling an Extreme ERD Well on Brage Field, North Sea
Authors: Hussain Sajjad , Dahroug Mohamed Saher , Mikalsen Belinda , Christensen Karianne Holen , Nketah Daniel Ndubuisi , Monterrosa Leida , Van Aerssen Mark , Angell-Olsen Frode , Midttun Mons , Rouxinol Ricardo , Henriksen Norolf , Fjeldsbø David , Ritchie Graham Martin
Published: March 2021

Drilling a nine km (Kilometers) extreme ERD (Extended Reach Drilling) well by a rig which was initially designed for six km and on a platform that did not provide any empty well slot posed a challenge to the Brage asset team. The well (A-36 A/B) was planned with an ambitious slot recovery operation removing all casing strings to surface to allow for a 24-inch sidetrack. Due to unexpected challenges during the slot recovery only a 19-m window between the 28-in conductor shoe (at 315-m MD) and the old 13 3/8-in casing stump was available. A very successful kick-off using a mud motor and Gyro-While-Drilling bottomhole assembly (BHA) was performed. An RSS (Rotary Steerable System) BHA was used to drill the rest of the section Both "push the bit" and "point the bit" RSS technologies were the key enablers in drilling long sections and helping to deploy casing strings.

The well was successfully geosteered through two reservoirs, including a new reservoir landing strategy, adding valuable extra reservoir meters. The reservoir Mapping-While-Drilling and Magnetic Resonance-While-Drilling service helped to navigate in challenging reservoirs maximizing reservoir exposure.

Advanced polyglycol Water-Based Mud system was utilized in 24-in section followed by advanced Oil-Based Mud (OBM), and Low Solids OBM systems enabled drilling this extreme ERD well. An upgraded Cuttings collection and transportation system meeting ERD requirements and offshore slop water treatment system also played key role in drilling optimization.

Real-time monitoring of critical well construction operations was performed using specialized technologies.

Optimized Viscous Reactive Pill (VRP) was successfully used for the first time in North Sea to provide cement plug base at deeper depths (7200-m MD) resulting in a successful kick-off using "point the bit" RSS systems.

An ERD specialist subsidiary of the service company was involved in ERD design verification and training of offshore personnel.

Outstanding equipment reliability of surface equipment and downhole tools enabled shoe-to shoe drilling of these sections.

The OneTeam culture combined with the main service provider integrated solutions, and an open-minded and brave approach led to drilling longest well in this brownfield ever. It was completed 32-days ahead of plan with all objectives met. The deep lower screen completion was successfully deployed, and the well is producing as expected.

This 9,023-m MD well is the longest Offshore well drilled by the Operator and 2nd longest drilled by the Operator ever.
Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticle coated Silica Beads
Authors: Dai Xin , Fu Wenhao , Chi Huanyu , Mesias Vince St. Dollente , Zhu Hongni , Leung Cheuk Wai , Liu Wei , Huang Jinqing
Published: March 2021

This is a protocol to fabricate silver nanoparticle coated silica beads for optical trapping and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) measurement.
Regular swimming exercise improves metabolic syndrome risk factors: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Omar Jamal Shaker , Jaradat Nidal , Qadoumi Mohammad , Qadoumi Abdel Naser
Published: March 2021

Background: In the past few decades, swimming became one of the most important physical activities within the health system and is considered a practical nonpharmacological approach to managing of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), hyperlipidemia, hypertension (HTN), and obesity. The current study aimed to assess the effect of long-term swimming sessions on glycemic and lipidemic parameters, hemodynamic responses, body fat percent, and body mass index for patients with metabolic risk factors from Palestine. Methods: Forty participants from both genders with T2DM and HTN (aged 52.4±5.5 yrs) agreed to participate in this quasi-experimental study and were divided into two groups. The first group included the participants who performed long-term swimming sessions and the second group served as the control. The first group exercised for 2 h, 3 times/week in 29-33◦C swimming pool temperature for 16 weeks. Simultaneously, the control group did not participate in any exercise and advised them to keep on with their everyday lifestyle. All the obtained metabolic syndrome risk factors data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA analysis of variance (2*2) which was applied to determine the differences according group, time, and interaction.Results: The results showed that there were statistically significant differences at p < 0.05 in the variables of Total Cholesterol (TC), High Density of Lipoprotein (HDL), Low Density of Lipoprotein (LDL), Triglycerides (TG), Blood Glucose (BG), Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), Body Mass Index (BMI), and body fat percent according to group, time, and interaction for the experimental group.Conclusions: The findings of the current study suggested that the regular 16 weeks of swimming sessions could be considered nonpharmacological approaches in managing T2DM and HTN.
Integrative omics analysis identifies subtypes with therapeutic implications in lung adenocarcinoma harboring KEAP1/NFE2L2
Authors: Yang Xiaodong , Li Ming , Chen Zhencong , Guo Liang , Jin Bo , Huang Yiwei , Wang Qun , Wu Liang , Zhan Cheng
Published: March 2021

Backgrounds: Lung adenocarcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors, in which KEAP1-NFE2L2 pathway is altered frequently. The biological features and intrinsic heterogeneities of KEAP1/NFE2L2-mutant lung adenocarcinoma remain unclear. Methods: Multiplatform data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were adopted to identify two subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma harboring KEAP1/NFE2L2 mutations. Bioinformatics analyses, regarding immune microenvironment, methylation level and mutational signature, were performed to characterize intrinsic heterogeneities. Meanwhile, initial results were also validated by using common lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, which revealed consistent features of KEAP1/NFE2L2-mutant subtypes. Furthermore, cell line samples were adopted for drug sensitivity screening based on public datasets. Results: Two mutant subtypes (P1 and P2) of patients were identified in TCGA. P2 patients had significantly heavier smoking levels and worse survival compared with P1 patients. The P2 subset was characterized by active immune microenvironment and more smoking-induced genomic alterations, including methylation and somatic mutations. Validations of the corresponding features in mutant cell lines were achieved to some degrees. Several compounds which were sensitive to mutant subtype of lung adenocarcinoma were identified, such as inhibitors of PI3K/Akt and IGF1R signaling pathways. Conclusions: KEAP1/NFE2L2 mutant lung adenocarcinoma showed potential heterogeneities. The intrinsic heterogeneities of KEAP1/NFE2L2 were associated with immune microenvironment and smoking-related genomic aberrations.
Insulin syringe for anaesthetic injection in ptosis surgery: A randomised controlled clinical study
Authors: Song Won Seok , Lee Min Joung , Choi Youn Joo
Published: March 2021

Background: To evaluate the potential benefit of using insulin syringes for local anaesthesia in ptosis surgery.Methods: Sixty patients (120 eyelids) were included in this randomised, fellow eye-controlled study at a university‐based hospital. An insulin syringe was used on one eyelid and a conventional 30-gauge needle on the other. Patients were asked to score pain in both eyelids using a visual analogue scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (no pain at all) to 10 (unbearable pain). Ten minutes after the injection, an observer scored the degree of haemorrhage and oedema in both eyelids on a scale of 0 to 4.Results: The VAS score was 5.17 in the insulin syringe group and 5.35 in the 30-gauge needle group (p=0.264). Ten minutes after the anaesthesia, the haemorrhage score was 1.30 and 1.64 and eyelid oedema score was 1.50 and 1.80 in the insulin syringe and 30-gauge needle groups, respectively (haemorrhage, p=0.045; eyelid oedema, p=0.023). Conclusion: Injecting local anaesthesia using an insulin syringe, compared to conventional 30-gauge needles, significantly reduces haemorrhage and eyelid oedema before skin incision but does not significantly reduce the injection pain. Using insulin syringes also presents fewer complications related to tissue penetration and lesser distortion of anatomical structures compared to conventional 30-gauge needles. We recommend using an insulin syringe for local anaesthesia in ptosis surgery.Trial registration: registry – CRIS / registration number – KCT0005120 / date of registration: 12/06/2020 (retrospectively registered), https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/index.jsp
Effect of TNFAIP8 on the immune function of Th17 cells via p53/ p21/ MDM2 pathway after acute insult
Authors: Cheng Xiaobin , Wang Min , Li Jing , Li Gang
Published: March 2021

Background: Th17 cells induced immunosuppression plays a vital role during sepsis. Belonging to the tumor necrosis factor α induced protein 8 (TNFAIP8) family, TNFAIP8 associates with different immune cell physiopathological processes, thus its underlying regulatory mechanisms on Th17 cells in the acute insult processes have not been fully elucidated. Result: Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in the male adult C57BL/6 mice. The stable TNFAIP8 knockdown Th17 cells were established via lentiviral transfection with TNFAIP8-specific SiRNA . CCK-8 assay was conducted for measuring Th17 cell proliferation. Flow cytometric analysis was adopted for examining by flow cytometry. The p53/ p21/ MDM2 pathway was measured through western blot. As a result, high TNFAIP8 expression was related with acute insult and survival rate in septic mice. TNFAIP8 SiRNA reduced Th17 cell proliferation as well as cytokines production in vivo and in vitro. In addition, TNFAIP8 KD increased the Th17 cells apoptosis in WT and septic mice. Further, TNFAIP8 influences immune function of Th17 cell involving the p53/ p21/ MDM2 signaling. Actually, TNFAIP8 KD was suggested to regulate the up-regulation of P21 and MDM2, thereby increasing p53 protein expression during sepsis. P53 gene silencing contributed to reversing cell proliferation and apoptosis regulated by TNFAIP8 KD. Conclusion: Our work concluded that TNFAIP8 affected the immune function of Th17 cells, which is mediated via the p53/ p21/ MDM2 pathway after acute insult.
Dye adsorption revisited: Application of the cationic dye adsorption method for the quantitative determination of the acidic surface groups of nanocellulose materials
Authors: Araki Jun
Published: March 2021

The surface carboxyl and sulfate groups on cellulose nanowhiskers were quantified via the adsorption of toluidine blue O (TBO), a cationic dye. Here, simple and rapid protocols, such as mixing the nanowhisker suspensions with a dye solution, separating the supernatants via centrifugation, and determining the excess dye concentration via visible light absorbance techniques, were used to obtain reproducible results comparable with those obtained via titration. In addition to facilitating the discrete quantification of the sulfate and carboxyl groups, the TBO adsorption method enabled carboxyl quantification in the presence of mercapto groups, which was difficult to achieve via titration. The adsorption of TBO onto the carboxyl groups was completed within 30 min, enabling the rapid treatment of many samples within a short period.
Environmental DNA Reveals Arboreal Cityscapes at the Ancient Maya Center of Tikal
Authors: Lentz David L. , Hamilton Trinity L. , Dunning Nicholas P. , Tepe Eric J. , Scarborough Vernon L. , Meyers Stephanie A. , Grazioso Liwy , Weiss Alison A.
Published: March 2021

The city of Tikal, a major center of the ancient Maya world, has been the focus of archaeological research for over a century, yet the interactions between the Maya and the surrounding Neotropical forests remain largely enigmatic. To help fill that void, our study used a powerful new technology, environmental DNA analysis, which enabled us to characterize the site core vegetation associated with the artificial reservoirs that served as the city water supply. Because the area has no permanent water sources, these reservoirs were key to the survival of the city. In the absence of specific evidence, the nature of the vegetation surrounding the reservoirs has been the subject of scientific hypotheses for decades. To address these hypotheses we proceeded to capture homologous sequences of vascular plant DNA extracted from reservoir sediments using 120-bp genetic probes in a targeted enrichment approach. Samples date from the Early Preclassic period (1780 − 1620 BCE) to the Early Postclassic period (900–1100 CE), encompassing the time before, during and after the occupation of Tikal (1000 BCE-900 CE). Results indicate that during the Maya occupation the banks of the ancient reservoirs were primarily fringed with native tropical forest vegetation rather than domesticated species.
C1QTNF6 promotes Oral squamous cell carcinoma tumorigenesis though enhancing proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis of OSCC cells
Authors: Song Xiaobin , Li Longjie , Shi Liang , Liu Xinyu , Qu Xun , Wei Fengcai , Wang Ketao
Published: March 2021

BackgroundC1QTNF6 (CTRP6), a member of the CTRP family, has been recently implied to play a role in tumorigenesis. However, the expression status and the role of C1QTNF6 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. MethodsImmunohistochemistry of OSCC tissue and data from TCGA both implied that C1QTNF6 was closely related to OSCC. We constructed lentivirus to knockdown C1QTNF6 in CAL27 cells and SCC-9 cells. Then the change of C1QTNF6 mRNA expression was detected with qRT-PCR, and the Western blot analysis was performed to detect changes in protein expression. Furthermore, Cell Cycle Analysis and Cell apoptosis analysis was measured. 4-week-old female BALB/c nude mice were purchased to observe the In vivo tumorigenicity. Finally, Pathway Analysis was performed.ResultsIn this study, we found that C1QTNF6 was overexpressed in OSCC tissues and cell lines, and the cellular proliferation was significantly decreased in C1QTNF6 knockdown OSCC cells. Knockdown of C1QTNF6 resulted in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and enhanced apoptosis in OSCC cell lines. Further assays showed that C1QTNF6 silencing inhibits tumor growth of OSCC in vivo. Moreover, microarray analysis revealed that C1QTNF6 silencing results in significant alteration of many genes. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed that the Acute Phase Response signaling pathway was significantly activated following C1QTNF6 silencing. ConclusionsThese results suggested that C1QTNF6 play a promoting role in OSCC tumorigenesis, which may be a promising therapeutic target for OSCC treatment.
Hypoglossal Schwannoma Masquerading as a Submandibular Gland Tumor: a Case Report
Authors: Weng yanming , Li Sainan , Wu Hanjiang , Wu Kun
Published: March 2021

Background: Hypoglossal nerve schwannoma in the submandibular space is rare. This case report presents the treatment of a young patient affected by an unusual hypoglossal nerve schwannoma at the right side of the submandibular region. Case representation: A 31-year-old female presented to our department with complaints of a right-sided submandibular region mass. None calculi was observed by CBCT. An MRI of the neck demonstrating a 18×12mm mass located at the submandibular region. Based on clinical presentation and imaging, a diagnosis of a submandibular gland tumor was conferred and the patient scheduled for excision. Intraoperatively, the mass was noted to arise from the hypoglossal nerve, remaining independent of the submandibular gland. On histopathologic analysis, the mass was determined to be consistent with hypoglossal schwannoma. Conclusion: Though rare, the hypoglossal schwannoma should remain a consideration in the evaluation of a submandibular space mass. During operation, it might be better to explore the mass before managing the submandibular gland.
Assessment Of The Knowledge Of Palliative Medicine Among General Practitioners
Authors: Osowicka Magdalena , Wyszadko Anna , Mróz Piotr , Gorzewska Agnieszka
Published: March 2021

Background: Palliative patients who stay at home require exceptional medical care provided by General Practitioners (GPs) in conjunction with specialists in palliative medicine. To ensure effective treatment, proper cooperation between them is essential. Aim: An assessment of the knowledge and attitudes of GPs towards palliative medicine Design: The research was based on a survey questionnaire, consisting of 8 multiple choice questions. A total of participated anonymously in the survey. The data analysis included descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Participants: 83 GPs from the Pomeranian Region, 58 female and 25 male practitioners. Results: 59% of respondents defined palliative care as an activity that improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing problems related to a life-threatening illness. The coordination of the work of the palliative team was the most important task for the specialist in palliative medicine (58% of respondents). The majority stated that the most important activity was the prescription of painkillers (86%) and 84% found that being available during business hours was the most important. The next most important activity was delivering bad news (42% of respondents). Conclusions: Most of the GPs knew the correct definition of palliative care and the basics of pain management. Experienced physicians declared a lower willingness to be available during working hours and less often delivered bad news to terminal patients, compared to their younger colleagues. Individual treatment planning (98% of respondents) and reducing antibiotic therapy seem to be the most important aspects in pharmacotherapy.
Preparation and study of Z-type heterojunction composite photocatalytic material with Ag2MoO4 modified rosette-like Bi2WO6 with Ag-SPR promoting effect
Authors: Gu Yufen , Bobo Guo
Published: March 2021

Here, the novel Ag 2 MoO 4 /Bi 2 WO 6 ( AMO/BWO ) heterojunction composite photocatalysts were synthesized by a two-step method (co-precipitation method + hydrothermal method) and characterized by a variety of characterization techniques including XRD, XPS, SEM, TEM, UV-vis DR spectroscopy, PL spectroscopy and FTIR spectroscopy, as well as EIS analyses, and photocurrent response for confirming the formation of Z-type heterojunctions. The generation and transfer of electron/holes in the AMO/BWO heterojunctions excited by simulated sunlight were analyzed. Under simulated sunlight, the photocatalytic performance of AMO/BWO composites were studied by degradation of organic pollutants. The experimental results show that the 30wt%AMO@BWO is the best photocatalytic composite material among all samples. Due to the prolonging of lifetime of the photoexcited electrons in the CB of AMO and holes in the VB of BWO, these carriers are more effective to participate in photodegradation reactions. An electron/hole transfer mechanism of the Z-scheme heterojunctions is proposed to illustrate the enhanced photodegradation performance of the AMO/BWO composite samples.
The static preload associated myogenic spontaneous fasciculation response in lengthening cardiac muscle
Authors: Fan Shouyan , Gao Lingfeng , Bell Annie Christel , Azure Joseph Akparibila , Wang Yang
Published: March 2021

The passive tension force enhancement is one kind of myogenic spontaneous fasciculation in muscles. However, its physiological properties in cardiac fibres are not well known. In this study, mice cardiac papillary muscle spontaneous force enhancement was evaluated by micro stepping stretch method. The occurrence of spontaneous force and real time cardiac fibre Ca2+ redistribution was tranced by Flou-3 (2mM) indicator. Force enhancement amplitude, enhancement prolonging time, and tension–time integral were analysis by myograph analyser. The results indicated that the spontaneous force occurred immediately after the active stretch, rapidly enhanced during tolerating the sustained static stretch. The force occurrence and amplitude enhance synchronized with the Ca2+ recruitment and lightning transmitted to adjacent fibres. In high preload fibres, the enhancement was forceful to over its maximum passive tension (6.20 ± 0.51 N/mm2 to 4.49 ± 0.43 N/mm2). The force occurrences were unsteadiness in each stretch. The increased enhancement amplitude combining with the shortening prolonging time induced reduction of tension–time integral. We concluded that the intracellular Ca2+ synchronized force enhancement is one kind of interruption event in overloading cardiac fibres. This interruption occurred during the relaxation processing in cardiac muscle, therefore affect the rhythmic stability of cardiac relaxation-contraction cycle.
Predictors of Knowledge on Kangaroo Mother Care Practice among Postnatal Mothers with Preterm Babies in Tanzania: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chamhene Naomi , Moshi Fabiola Vincent
Published: March 2021

Background: There is slower progress on decreasing preterm deaths despite of essential newborn care intervention in Tanzania. About 24% of neonatal deaths in Tanzania occur due to prematurity related complications. However, there are limited studies which explain the knowledge level of postnatal mothers on KMC practice in Tanzania, especially in Central zone. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine predictors of knowledge on Kangaroo mother care among postnatal mothers of preterm babies in Central zone, Tanzania.Methods: The study design was an analytical cross sectional involved 363 mothers of preterm babies as participants from three Referral Regional Hospitals in Central zone. Convenience sampling technique was used to get participants in the study where by all postnatal mothers with premature babies who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled until the sample size was attained.Face to face interview using structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Data was analyzed by using SPSS v23. Both univariate and multiple regression analyses were used to determine predictors of knowledge Results: Majority of postnatal mothers 225(62%) had inadequate knowledge towards KMC. After controlling for confounders, predictors of knowledge on KMC were region a postnatal mother was residing [Singida (AOR=1.990 at 95% CI=1.058-3.741, p=0.033)], age of the mother [women aged ≥30 years(AOR=3.913 at 95% CI=1.038-14.75, p=0.044)], level of education of the mother [women who had secondary education and above (AOR=6.309 at 95% CI=2.305-17.26, p<0.001)] and the family type of a postnatal mother living in (nuclear family AOR=0.521 at 95%CI=0.313-0.866,p=0.012).Conclusion: Vast majority of postnatal mothers had inadequate knowledge on KMC practice which threatens the health of preterm babies who are discharged home before full development. Postnatal women who were more likely to have inadequate knowledge were those of young age, with low level of education and living in nuclear families. The study recommends care of preterm babies (including KMC) to be included in the antenatal training package in order to prepare them for the care if they gave birth to a preterm baby.
ALDH2 Polymorphism rs671 is A Predictor of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Efficacy Against Chest Malignancies
Authors: Matsumoto Akiko , Nakashima Chiho , Kimura Shinya , Sueoka Eizaburo , Aragane Naoko
Published: March 2021

Background

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) plays an important role in the endogenous aldehyde detoxification of various types of cells. ALDH2*2, a variant allele of the ALDH2 polymorphism rs671, leads to decreased enzymatic activity. ALDH2*2 may enhance tumor antigen presentation due to aldehyde-induced DNA damage while suppressing peripheral blood T cell counts and T cell activation.
Methods

On the basis of our hypothesis that rs671 affects the sensitivity of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), we evaluated the effects of rs671 on patients with chest malignancies who started ICI therapy in 2016–2019. The cohort consisted of 105 cases, including 64 adenocarcinoma and 30 squamous cell carcinoma patients, 49 of whom were ALDH2*2 carriers. Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab, or Atezolizumab was used for the first ICI treatment.
Results

The best response to ICI therapy (partial response/stable disease/progressive disease) was 36%/50%/14% in the rs671(−) cases; however, the response was relatively poor in the rs671(+) cases (27%/29%/45%, respectively) (p = 0.002). The hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of disease progression within the observation period of 6 months for the rs671(+) cases was estimated to be 5.0 (2.5–10) after the adjustment for covariates, including sex, Brinkman index, treatment line, tumor tissue programmed death-ligand 1 positivity rate, and tumor tissue EGFR mutation. This association was also maintained in a stratified analysis, suggesting that ALDH2*2 is an independent negative predictive factor for the short-term prognosis of ICI therapy. Thus, the progression-free survival (PFS) ratio of the rs671(+) cases decreased rapidly after ICI initiation but was eventually higher than that of the rs671(−) cases (restricted mean survival time in 12 months from 2 to 3 years afterward was 1.3 times that of the rs671(−) cases). Moreover, the highest PFS ratio after 2 years among sub-groups was found in the first-line treatment group of rs671(+) patients (40%).
Conclusions

Our study suggests that rs671 may be an accurate and cost-effective predictor of ICI treatment, in which optimal case selection is an important issue.
Influence of Angle Alpha on Visual Quality after Implantation of Extended Depth of Focus Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Qin Miaomiao , Ji Min , Zhou Tianqiu , Yuan Yurong , Luo Jiawei , Li Pengfei , Wang Ying , Chen Xiaojuan , Chen Wei , Guan Huaijin
Published: March 2021

Background: To assess postoperative changes in angle alpha, and to evaluate the postoperative visual quality of patients with different angle alpha values after implantation of extended depth of focus (EDOF) intraocular lenses (IOLs).Methods: Seventy-nine eyes of 79 patients who had phacoemulsification with EDOF IOLs implantation were enrolled. A cut-off value of 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, and 0.5 mm in preoperative angle alpha was chosen to divide eyes into groups. Distance, intermediate, and near visual acuities, modulation transfer function (MTF), and aberrations were recorded during a 6-month follow-up. A patient questionnaire was completed. Results: There were no significant differences in angle alpha postoperatively compared to preoperatively. No significant differences were found in visual acuity and MTF between all groups. With 5mm pupil diameter, there were significant differences of higher-order aberrations and spherical aberration in ocular aberration and internal aberration between angle alpha＜0.4 mm and angle alpha≥ 0.4 mm. Additionally, significant differences of coma were also added in cut-off value of 0.5 mm. When the value of angle alpha is 0.4 mm or higher, there were significant differences in the score of halos and glare.Conclusions: Angle alpha did not affect visual acuity, but the value of 0.4 mm or higher in angle alpha affected the visual quality under scotopic conditions and occurrence of halos and glare. For patients with 0.4 mm or higher in angle alpha, the decision to implant a EDOF IOL should be carefully considered.
ATG7 Polymorphisms rs7625184 and rs2606750 are Not Associated with Parkinson’s Disease: A Case Control Study
Authors: Zou Ming , Wang Jian-Yong , Lv Ren-Jun , Nie Shan-Jing , Zhu Lan-Bing , Liu Xue-Ping
Published: March 2021

Background: Deregulation of autophagy is involved in the development and progression of Parkinson’s disease. ATG7, an E1 like enzyme, palys a key role in autophagy. This study aimed to investigating the association between ATG7 polymorphisms and PD susceptibility. Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms of ATG7, including rs7625184 and rs2606750, were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in a Han Chinese population consisting of 312 PD patients and 309 healthy controls. Results: Genotyping analyses showed that none of the 2 SNPs was significantly associated with PD risk.Conclusions: Our results suggest that rs7625184 and rs2606750 are not associated with PD susceptibility. Further studies are warranted in revealing the links between ATG7 and PD.
The Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of LASP1 Expression in Cancer Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Luo Jian , Zhu Yuanzhi , Long Ying , Huang Fei , Luo Xiaozou , Wang Jianhong , Hu Zhen , Miao Hongbin , Huang Yulan
Published: March 2021

Background

Many cancer researchers have investigated the prognostic significance of LASP1 for survival of patients with various types of cancer. Nevertheless, the role LASP1 palyed in cancer prognosis remains unknown. In consequence, we carried out this study in order to comprehensively analyze the prognostic value of LASP1 in cancer patients.
Methods

A systematical research was conducted in electronic databases, such as PubMed, Embase and Web of Science. Eighteen studies meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS) and various clinicopathological parameters were used as the endpoints in this study.
Results

A total of 2023 cancer patients from eighteen studies were finally enrolled into our meta-analysis. The results revealed that the cancer patients with high expression of LASP1 exhibited shorter OS (HR = 2.04, 95%CI = 1.77–2.34, P < 0.01) and RFS (HR = 2.11, 95%CI = 1.51–2.95, P < 0.01) than those with low expression of LASP1, and patients whose tumors expressed high LASP1 had shorter OS in lung cancer (HR = 2.20, 95%CI = 1.45–3.36, P < 0.01) and gastric cancer (HR = 1.64, 95%CI = 1.14–2.36, P < 0.01) respectively. Furthermore, the cancer patients whose tumors expressed high LASP1 were apparently associated with advanced TNM stage (OR = 2.92, 2.27–3.76, P < 0.01), earlier lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.69, 1.62–4.45, P < 0.01), advanced T classification (OR = 2.17, 1.48–3.18, P < 0.01) and earlier distant metastasis (OR = 2.56, 1.03–6.35, P = 0.04) when compared to those whose tumors expressed low LASP1.
Conclusions

Our study showed that the high LASP1 expression might be an undesirable predictor for patients with various types of cancers in the aspect of OS, RFS, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, T classification and distant metastasis, and the high LASP1 expression might be an undesirable predictor for lung cancer patients and gastric cancer patients. Therefore, the expression of LASP1 might be utilized as a novel indicator in judging the prognosis of cancer patients, especially in lung cancer and gastric cancer.
Nursing Management of Fatigue in Cancer Patients: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Tolotti Angela , Bonetti Loris , Pedrazzani Carla , Bianchi Monica , Moser Laura , Pagnucci Nicola , Sari Davide , Valcarenghi Dario
Published: March 2021

BackgroundFatigue is a complex and frequent symptom in cancer patients, influencing their quality of life, but it is still underestimated in clinical practice and undertreated. The aims of this study were to detect the presence of fatigue in cancer patients, describe the perceptions of patients and nurses regarding it and describe the nursing management of fatigue.MethodsMixed methods study. Data were collected in two oncological wards using the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), an ad hoc questionnaire, patient interviews, focus groups with nurses and the review of nursing records. Interviews and focus groups were analysed through thematic analysis. We used SPSS 22.0 for quantitative data and Nvivo 10 for qualitative data analysis.ResultsA total of 71 questionnaires were analysed (39 males, mean age 65,7(±14) years). Fatigue was reported 5 times (7%) in nursing records, while in 17 cases (23.9%) problems related to it were reported. Twelve patients were interviewed. Five themes were identified: feeling powerless and aggressive, my strategies or what helps me, feeling reassured by the presence of family members, feeling reassured by nurses’ gestures, being informed. Three themes were identified through the focus groups: objectivity and subjectivity in the assessment of fatigue, nursing contribution within the multidisciplinary management of fatigue, and difficulty in evaluating outcomes.DiscussionThe approach to the management of fatigue was unstructured. Patients were satisfied with the care received but needed more information and specific interventions. Useful aspects were identified that could be used to change the professional approach towards the management of fatigue.
A Model to Predict the Probability for Intraoperative Blood Transfusion During Lumbar Spinal Stenosis and Femoral Fracture Surgeries in Aged patients
Authors: Nie Zhiyang , Ma Wanru , Hu Junhua
Published: March 2021

Background: Lumbar spinal stenosis and femoral fracture are common orthopedic problems in aged patients, and the probability of transfusion of red blood cell products during surgery is relatively high. The goal of this study was to predict the probability of transfusion of allogeneic red blood cells and the volume of blood consumption based on the clinical characteristics of patients before surgery.Methods: The medical records of 565 patients over 65 years old who underwent posterior lumbar surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis and those of 586 patients over 65 years old receiving surgery for femoral fracture were reviewed. The clinical characteristics of the patients were subjected to multivariate regression analysis. The influence of these characteristics based on the odds ratio of each multivariate risk factor was assessed to predict the probability of intraoperative red blood cell transfusion. Non-linear regression was performed to predict the probability of intraoperative blood transfusion and the volume of blood used for patients with different scores.Results: The factors that significantly influenced blood use during lumbar spinal stenosis surgery in aged patients(P<0.05) included age>75 years old, body mass index (BMI)>24, abnormal coagulation function, preoperative hemoglobin (Hb)≤110 g/L, multisegmental lesions of the lumbar spine and secondary lumbar surgery. The factors that significantly influenced blood use during femoral fracture surgery in aged patients (P<0.05) included age>75 years old, BMI<19, abnormal coagulation function, preoperative Hb≤110g/L, administration of antiplatelet drugs (e.g., aspirin, clopidogrel), femoral shaft fracture, and the time from fracture to surgery exceeding 48 h. These factors were introduced into a multiple logistic regression model, and weighted scoring was performed according to their relative risk to establish a risk scoring system to predict the probability. More than 50% of patients receiving an intraoperative red blood cell transfusion during surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis or femoral fracture scored＞1.Conclusion: The probability of transfusion of allogeneic red blood cells and the blood volume needed can be predicted preoperatively in aged patients undergoing lumbar spinal stenosis and femoral fracture surgeries. This can reduce the need for blood matching during surgery, allow adjustment of the blood inventory, and ensure safety.
Genomic Data Reveal the Genetic Variation among Natural Mangifera Casturi Kosterm. Hybrids, an Underutilized Fruit Tree Under ‘Extinct in Wild’ Status from Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia
Authors: Matra Deden Derajat , Fathoni Muh Agust Nur , Majiidu Muhamad , Wicaksono Hanif , Sriy Agung , Gunawan - , Susanti Hilda , Fitmawati - , Sari Rismita , Siregar Iskandar Zulkarnaen , Poerwanto Roedhy
Published: March 2021

Background: Mangifera casturi Kosterm. is an endemic local mango fruit from Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia. The limited genetic information available on this fruit has severely limited the scope of research into its genetic variation and phylogeny. This study aimed to collect genomic information from M. casturi using next-generation sequencing technology and to develop microsatellite markers and perform Sanger sequencing for DNA barcoding analysis.Results: The clean reads of the Kasturi accession of M. casturi were assembled de novo using a Ray assembler, producing 259,872 scaffolds with an N50 value of 1,445 bp. Fourteen polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed from 11,040 sequences containing microsatellite motifs. In total, 55 alleles were produced, and the mean number of alleles per locus was 3.93. Results from the microsatellite marker analysis revealed broad genetic variation in M. casturi. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using internal transcribed spacers (ITS), matK, rbcL, and trnH-psbA. The phylogenetic tree of chloroplast markers showed that Kasturi, Mawar, Pelipisan, Pinari, and Hambawang belong to one group, with M. indica as the female ancestor. In comparison, the phylogenetic tree of ITS markers indicated several Mangifera species as multiple ancestors of M. casturi. Conclusions: This study strongly suggested that M. casturi originated from the cross-hybridization of multiple ancestors. Further, crossing the F1 hybrids of M. indica and M. quadrifida with other Mangifera spp. was hypothesized to produce the observed high genetic variation. The genetic information for this fruit is also a resource for the breeding and improvement as well as for conservation studies of this species.
Curing Kinetics, Mechanical Properties and Thermomechanical Analysis of Carbon Fiber/epoxy Resin Laminates with Different Ply Orientations
Authors: Zhang Chenglin , Gu Guohua , Dong Shuhua , Lin Zhitao , Wei Chuncheng , Tan Hongsheng
Published: March 2021

In this study, the nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was carried out to evaluate the curing reaction of fiber/epoxy laminates. The optimal curing process of the prepreg was obtained by T-β extrapolation method and nth-order reaction curing kinetic equation. The bending strength, impact strength and thermodynamic properties of the composite laminates with different ply orientations were investigated, respectively. The results show that the apparent activation energy and the reaction order of the prepregs are 82.89 kJ/mol and 0.92, respectively. The curing process of carbon fiber/epoxy resin prepreg is 130 ℃ /60min + 160 ℃/30 min. The bending strength of [0]10 laminate is 1948.3 MPa, which is 11.8 times higher than that of [+ 45/-45]5s laminate, and 96.4% higher than that of [0/90]5s laminate. The impact strength of [0]10 laminate is higher than that of [+ 45/-45]5s and [0/90]5s laminates. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the laminates is 142 ~ 146 ℃, and the loss factor of [0]10 laminate is significantly higher than that of [+ 45/-45]5s and [0/90]5s laminates. This research provides a theoretical basis for the further application of prepregs to fiber composite materials.