bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Técnica de validação
Authors: Gurova Tetyana , Barbosa Oscar Rocha , Lima Allana Oliveira , Ferreira Leticia Cardoso , Matta Patrícia dos Santos , Pereira Raphael do Couto , Almeida Josimar Ribeiro de
Published: March 2023

A garantia de uma análisebem-sucedidatem por base uma pesquisa científica, que diz respeito à etapa de revisão da literatura que pode ser dividida em pesquisa quantitativa e pesquisa qualitativa. Apesar dessas diferenças, tanto pesquisas quantitativas quanto pesquisas qualitativas procuraram demonstrar que seus estudos são críveis, confiáveis e válidos. No cerne da pesquisa qualitativa, independentemente da argumentação que se faça a respeito de sua validade, o objetivo pode ser: busca da verdade, descrição densa, desenvolvimentista, ensaio pessoal e práxis/social. Como cerne deste trabalho analisou-se uma forma de se alcançar os objetivos propostos por ambas as ramificações da pesquisa científica através da realização de uma revisão da literatura conhecida como Revisão Sistemática, que vem ganhando espaço no meio acadêmico. Uma revisão sistemática da literatura pode ser definida como um meio pelo qual a literatura crítica central que sustenta uma determinada pesquisa transcorre de forma rigorosa com um mapeamento sistemático. Não obstante há a necessidade da seleção criteriosa de um referencial bibliográfico evidenciando a importância da revisão sistemática, pois a revisão teórica é o ponto de partida para o desenvolvimento de qualquer pesquisa de cunho científico. Assim sendo, por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica efetuada, foi possível desenvolver um método que pode ser empregado em trabalhos cuja finalidade é o desenvolvimento de revisões sistemáticas da literatura. Sistematização essa que afere maior agilidade e confiabilidade a uma pesquisa, selecionando o que é relevante para o tema que está sendo pesquisado, de forma rápida e eficaz.
Digital Responsibility
Authors: Easton-Calabria Evan
Published: March 2023

This op-ed outlines key issues humanitarians should consider when assessing their
‘digital responsibility’ to foster digital refugee livelihoods.
This includes in particular the need to develop robust monitoring and evaluation
frameworks of outcomes of digital livelihoods trainings for refugees –
and spaces for critical engagement with the results of such evaluations,
including stopping digital livelihoods programming when risks outweigh benefits.
It argues that ethical humanitarian engagement in technology must include the
development of coherent, contextualised sets of norms and frameworks for
responsibility and protection in the digital sphere, including those that
address humanitarian efforts to assist refugees to enter the digital
economy.
DISPUTE ANALYSIS OF CLAIMS FOR PATIENTS WITH COVID-19: A CASE STUDY AT HOSPITAL X CLASS B IN BANTUL REGENCY
Authors: Putri Beby Antika , Hafidz Firdaus , Hendrartini Yulita
Published: March 2023

The Indonesian Government established referral hospitals for COVID-19 as an effort in combating the pandemic. Referral hospitals for COVID-19 submit their services’ claims to the Ministry of Health. Hospital X in Bantul experienced challenges in submitting COVID-19 claims and underwent claim disputes which caused delays in payment process. This research aimed to explore the factors that led to the disputes over the COVID-19 claims. This descriptive research was conducted with a qualitative approach, using in-depth interviews and observations. The additional descriptive analysis used secondary data COVID-19 claim dispute file reports from 2020. The results showed that the highest criteria of disputed claims at Hospital X were the criteria for non-compliant guaranteed participants, incomplete claim files, non-compliant comorbid diagnoses, and identities that did not comply with the provisions. The causes of the disputes over claims for patients with COVID-19 included inaccurate history taking, differences in regulation perceptions between the provider and payer, PCR results were not provided, and doctors had a lack of understanding regarding the technical guidelines for COVID-19 claims. In addition, there were technical problems faced by the hospital during the process of submitting claims, including regulations were changed frequently, errors in applications, incomplete medical resumes, and unreadable doctors’ writings. Disputed claims did not affect the hospital cash flow, yet delayed the payment process to health workers, which might harm the quality of services.
POTRAIT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP POLICY SUBSTANCES IN REGIONAL HOSPITALS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Basabih Masyitoh
Published: March 2023

Public Private Partnership (PPP) is a strategy of the Indonesian Government to deal with budget constraints and overcome gaps in infrastructure, access, and quality of health services. PPP on the operational cooperation (KSO) model is the oldest and most widely applied practice by regional hospitals in Indonesia. The implementation of KSO must refer to government policies in the form of laws and regulations. Since its initial implementation until today, the Ministry of Home Affairs, as the body that oversees the local government, has not carried out a comprehensive evaluation of the KSO policy. This study was carried out by conducting document analysis related to the operational cooperation policies of regional hospitals and reviewing the substance of operational cooperation policies at the national and regional levels. Study found that there are no articles governing service level agreements; no performance indicators of cooperation in monitoring and evaluation, limited autonomy; several regional head regulations are not accompanied by technical guidelines; and there are variations in the substance of the regional head regulations. This study concludes that the KSO policy framework for regional hospitals is inadequate, incomplete, and limits the autonomy of regional hospitals.
Strong spin-lattice entanglement in cobaltites
Authors: Chen Sheng-Ru , Lin Shan , Hong Hai-Tao , Cui Ting , Jin Qiao , Wang Can , Jin Kui-Juan , Guo Er-Jia ,   Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   School of Physical Sciences & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,   Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA,   Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
Published: March 2023

Strongly correlated electronic system contains strong coupling among multi-order parameters and is easy to efficiently tune by external field. Cobaltite (LaCoO3) is a typical multiferroic (ferroelastic and ferromagnetic) material, which has been extensively investigated over decades. Conventional research on cobaltites has focused on the ferroelastic phase transition and structure modulation under stress. Recently, researchers have discovered that cobaltite thin films undergo a paramagnetic-to-ferromagnetic phase transition under tensile strain, however, its origin has been controversial over decades. Some experimental evidence shows that stress leads the valence state of cobalt ions to decrease, and thus producing spin state transition. Other researchers believe that the stress-induced nano-domain structure will present a long-range ordered arrangement of high spin states, which is the main reason for producing the ferromagnetism of cobalt oxide films. In this paper, we review a series of recent researches of the strong correlation between spin and lattice degrees of freedom in cobalt oxide thin films and heterojunctions. The reversible spin state transition in cobalt oxide film is induced by structural factors such as thin-film thickness, lattice mismatch stress, crystal symmetry, surface morphology, interfacial oxygen ion coordination, and oxygen octahedral tilting while the valence state of cobalt ions is kept unchanged, and thus forming highly adjustable macroscopic magnetism. Furthermore, the atomic-level precision controllable film growth technology is utilized to construct single cell layer cobaltite superlattices, thereby achieving ultra-thin two-dimensional magnetic oxide materials through efficient structure regulation. These advances not only clarified the strong coupling between lattice and spin order parameters in the strongly correlated electronic system, but also provided excellent candidate for the realization of ultra-thin room temperature ferromagnets that are required by oxide spintronic devices.
Technology's Child
Authors: Davis Katie
Published: March 2023

How children engage with technology at each stage of development, from toddler to twentysomething, and how they can best be supported.

What happens to the little ones, the tweens, and the teenagers, when technology—ubiquitous in the world they inhabit—becomes a critical part of their lives? This timely book Technology's Child brings much-needed clarity to what we know about technology's role in child development. Better yet, it provides guidance on how to use what we know to help children of all ages make the most of their digital experiences.

From toddlers who are exploring their immediate environment to twentysomethings who are exploring their place in society, technology inevitably and profoundly affects their development. Drawing on her expertise in developmental science and design research, Katie Davis describes what happens when child development and technology design interact, and how this interaction is complicated by children's individual characteristics and social and cultural contexts. Critically, she explains how a self-directed experience of technology—one initiated, sustained, and ended voluntarily—supports healthy child development, especially when it takes place within the context of community support.

Children's experiences with technology—their “screen time” and digital social relationships—have become an inescapable aspect of growing up. This book, for the first time, identifies the qualitative distinctions between different ages and stages of this engagement, and offers invaluable guidance for parents and teachers navigating the digital landscape, and for technology designers charting the way.
Prison Media
Authors: Kaun Anne , Stiernstedt Fredrik
Published: March 2023

How prisoners serve as media laborers, while the prison serves as a testing ground for new media technologies.

Prisons are not typically known for cutting-edge media technologies. Yet from photography in the nineteenth century to AI-enhanced tracking cameras today, there is a long history of prisons being used as a testing ground for technologies that are later adopted by the general public. If we recognize the prison as a central site for the development of media technologies, how might that change our understanding of both media systems and carceral systems? Prison Media foregrounds the ways in which the prison is a model space for the control and transmission of information, a place where media is produced, and a medium in its own right.

Examining the relationship between media and prison architecture, as surveillance and communication technologies are literally built into the facilities, this study also considers the ways in which prisoners themselves often do hard labor as media workers—labor that contributes in direct and indirect ways to the latest technologies developed and sold by multinational corporations like Amazon. There is a fine line between ankle monitors and Fitbits, and Prison Media helps us make sense of today's carceral society.
Beyond Digital
Authors: Carpo Mario
Published: March 2023

Recasting computational design: a new modern agenda for a post-industrial, post-pandemic world

Mass production was the core technical logic of industrial modernity: for the last hundred years, architects and designers have tried to industrialize construction and standardize building materials and processes in the pursuit of economies of scale. But this epochal march of modernity is now over. In Beyond Digital, Mario Carpo reviews the long history of the computational mode of production, showing how the merger of robotic automation and artificial intelligence will stop and reverse the modernist quest for scale. Today's technologies already allow us to use nonstandard building materials as found, or as made, and assemble them in as many nonstandard, intelligent, adaptive ways as needed: the microfactories of our imminent future will be automated artisan shops.

The post-industrial logic of computational manufacturing has been known and theorized for some time. By tracing its theoretical and technical sources, and reviewing the design theories that accompanied its rise, Carpo shows how the computational project, long under the sway of powerful antimodern ideologies, is now being recast by the urgency of the climate crisis, which has vindicated its premises—and by the global pandemic, which has tragically proven its viability. Looking at the work of a new generation of designers, technologists, and producers, Beyond Digital offers a new modern agenda for our post-industrial future.
Worlds Without End
Authors: Impey Chris
Published: March 2023

The science of finding habitable planets beyond our solar system and the prospects for establishing human civilization away from our ever-less-habitable planetary home.

Planet Earth, it turns out, may not be the best of all possible worlds—and lately humanity has been carelessly depleting resources, decimating species, and degrading everything needed for life. Meanwhile, human ingenuity has opened up a vista of habitable worlds well beyond our wildest dreams of outposts on Mars. Worlds without End is an expertly guided tour of this thrilling frontier in astronomy: the search for planets with the potential to host life.

With the approachable style that has made him a leading interpreter of astronomy and space science, Chris Impey conducts readers across the vast, fast-developing field of astrobiology, surveying the dizzying advances carrying us ever closer to the discovery of life beyond Earth—and the prospect of humans living on another planet. Since the first exoplanet, or planet beyond our solar system, was discovered in 1995, over 4,000 more have been pinpointed, including hundreds of Earth-like planets, many of them habitable, detected by the Kepler satellite. With a view spanning astronomy, planetary science, geology, chemistry, and biology, Impey provides a state-of-the-art account of what's behind this accelerating progress, what's next, and what it might mean for humanity's future.

The existential threats that we face here on Earth lend urgency to this search, raising the question: Could space be our salvation? From the definition of habitability to the changing shape of space exploration—as it expands beyond the interests of government to the pursuits of private industry—Worlds without End shows us the science, on horizons near and far, that may hold the answers.
Cheyney Thompson
Authors: Schaernack Christian
Published: March 2023

One of the first book-length publications on contemporary artist Cheyney Thompson, whose work is known for its radically forward-looking intellectualism and formal rigor.

Cheyney Thompson's (b. 1975) work responds to a long history of debates about how art depicts the world, and about how we come to know the world visually. In these meditations on the artist's work, Christian Schaernack shows that for Thompson, reality is something that we can know only in terms of probabilities, not absolutes. Thompson often produces work that explores contingency at the formal level, sometimes in his artistic process itself (as Jackson Pollock once did), and sometimes through the use of external constraints such as computer algorithms, which he subverts as often as he follows.

The meaning of observation has changed time and time again in the history of art, just as it has in the history of science. Delving into art history, intellectual history, and contemporary continental philosophy, Schaernack offers a multifaceted study of an artist who challenges our assumptions about how the world is ordered. From Thompson's early “black paintings” to his Chronochromes to the Stochastic Process Paintings, which engage with the algorithms that govern our digital lives, Schaernack presents a contemporary artist whose work embraces chance and responds to the shifting conditions of the present. This is art that reimagines artwork itself.
Inside the Competitor's Mindset
Authors: Horn John
Published: March 2023

When it comes to competitive strategy, knowing what your competition is doing is good; understanding why they do what they do and predicting what they are going to do next is best.

Leading companies invest a lot of resources into competitive intelligence, so why are they still caught off guard by the actions and reactions of their competitors?

In Inside the Competitor's Mindset, John Horn shares proven techniques to help businesses think like their competition and understand why they act the way they do. The keys to unlocking this mindset are cognitive empathy and a strategic approach to competitive insight that focuses on the “why” of a competitor's move, and not just on “what happened.”

Inside the Competitor's Mindset presents a systematic approach to competitive intelligence that starts with three frameworks to get inside the competitor's mindset, predict their reactions to your moves, and assess whether they are getting ready for a spontaneous move of their own. Horn also demonstrates the importance of collecting forward-looking, predictive data; explains how to use war games, Black Hat exercises, mock negotiations, and premortems to build competitive insight; and makes the case for creating a dedicated competitive insight function within the organization.

When every move matters, staying a step ahead of the competition is critical. Inside the Competitor's Mindset prepares leaders from any industry to be ready when it is time to act (and react) in the competitive market.

Reading this book will empower you to

• learn where to look for competitive insights, regardless of your industry, whether you (or your competitors) are a public or private company;

• anticipate how competitors will react to moves you make, and whether they are about to make a bold first move;

• apply lessons from archaeologists, paleontologists, NICU nurses, and homicide detectives to better gather and analyze information when you can't ask direct questions;

• design and operate strategic exercises to gain competitive insight; and

• build up a competitive insight function within your organization.
On Linearization
Authors: Cinque Guglielmo
Published: March 2023

The first attempt at a restrictive theory of the linear order of sentences and phrases of the world's languages, by one of the founders of cartographic syntax.

Linearization, or the typical sequence of words in a sentence, varies tremendously from language to language. Why, for example, does the English phrase “a white table” need a different word order from the French phrase “une table blanche,” even though both refer to the same object? Guglielmo Cinque challenges the current understanding of word order variation, which assumes that word order can be dealt with simply by putting a head either before or after its complements and modifiers. The subtle variations in word order, he says, can provide a window into understanding the deeper structure of language and are in need of a sophisticated explanation.

The bewildering variation in word order among the languages of the world, says Cinque, should not dissuade us from researching what, if anything, determines which orders are possible (and attested/attestable) and which orders are impossible (and not attested/nonattestable), both when they maximally conform to the “head-final” or “head-initial” types and when they depart from them to varying degrees. His aim is to develop a restrictive theory of word order variation—not just a way to derive the ideal head-initial and head-final word orders but also the mixed cases.

In the absence of an explicit theory of linearization, Cinque provides a general approach to derive linear order from a hierarchical arrangement of constituents, specifically, by assuming a restrictive movement analysis that creates structures that can then be linearized by Richard S. Kayne's Linear Correspondence Axiom.
Transcriptional regulation and repressive condensates modulate a proliferative-invasive cellular switch in vivo
Authors: Medwig-Kinney Taylor N. , Kinney Brian A. , Martinez Michael A. Q. , Yee Callista , Sirota Sydney S. , Mullarkey Angelina A. , Somineni Neha , Hippler Justin , Zhang Wan , Shen Kang , Hammell Christopher M. , Pani Ariel M. , Matus David Q.
Published: March 2023

A growing body of evidence suggests that cell division and basement membrane invasion are mutually exclusive cellular behaviors. How cells switch between proliferative and invasive states is not well understood. Here, we investigated this dichotomy
in vivo
by examining two cell types that derive from equipotent progenitors, but exhibit distinct cell behaviors, in the developing
Caenorhabditis elegans
somatic gonad: the post-mitotic, invasive anchor cell and the neighboring proliferative, non-invasive ventral uterine (VU) cells. We report that the default invasive cellular state is suppressed in the VU cells through two distinct modes of regulation of the pro-invasive transcription factor NHR-67 (NR2E1/TLX). Levels of NHR-67 are important for discriminating between invasive and proliferative behavior, and
nhr-67
transcription is downregulated following post-translational degradation of its direct upstream regulator, HLH-2 (E/Daughterless) in VU cells. Residual NHR-67 protein is organized into discrete punctae in the nuclei of VU cells that are dynamic over the cell cycle and exhibit liquid-like properties. Strikingly, these NHR-67 punctae are not spatiotemporally associated with active transcription, but instead associate with homologs of the transcriptional co-repressor Groucho (UNC-37 and LSY-22), as well as the TCF/LEF homolog POP-1, likely mediated by a direct interaction between UNC-37 and the intrinsically disordered region of NHR-67. Further, perturbing UNC-37, LSY-22, or POP-1 results in ectopic invasive cells. We propose a model in which these proteins together form repressive condensates to suppress a default invasive state in non-invasive cells, which complements transcriptional regulation to add robustness to the proliferative-invasive cellular switch
in vivo
.
O-GlcNAc glycosylation orchestrates fate decision and niche function of bone marrow stromal progenitors
Authors: Zhang Zengdi , Huang Zan , Awad Mohamed , Elsalanty Mohammed , Cray James , Ball Lauren E , Maynard Jason C , Burlingame Alma L , Zeng Hu , Mansky Kim C , Ruan Hai-Bin
Published: March 2023

In mammals, interactions between the bone marrow (BM) stroma and hematopoietic progenitors contribute to bone-BM homeostasis. Perinatal bone growth and ossification provide a microenvironment for the transition to definitive hematopoiesis; however, mechanisms and interactions orchestrating the development of skeletal and hematopoietic systems remain largely unknown. Here, we establish intracellular O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification as a posttranslational switch that dictates the differentiation fate and niche function of early BM stromal cells (BMSCs). By modifying and activating RUNX2, O-GlcNAcylation promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and stromal IL-7 expression to support lymphopoiesis. In contrast, C/EBPβ-dependent marrow adipogenesis and expression of myelopoietic stem cell factor (SCF) is inhibited by O-GlcNAcylation. Ablating O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) in BMSCs leads to impaired bone formation, increased marrow adiposity, as well as defective B-cell lymphopoiesis and myeloid overproduction in mice. Thus, the balance of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs is determined by reciprocal O-GlcNAc regulation of transcription factors, which simultaneously shapes the hematopoietic niche.
Investigating the Heat Release Rate of Large-scale Calorimeter using FDS Analysis
Authors: You Woo Jun , Park Jung Wook , Kim Jung Yong , Kim Tea Jung , Hwang Cheol Hong , Kim Sung Chan
Published: March 2023

This study aims to identify the key design factors of a large-scale calorimeter and evaluate the accuracy of the simulation results using the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) program. The design specifications of a domestic large-scale calorimeter were analyzed to determine the modeling and input conditions for the simulation. The simulation results of temperature, mass flow rate, and oxygen concentration reduction inside the duct were compared with the experimental results for heptane pool fires with diameters of 1.1 m, 1.24 m, and 1.44 m, respectively. To validate the accuracy of the simulation results, the deviations, calculated using FDS for the heat release rate as the experimental value, were found to be 19.12%, 11.86%, and 0.22% for temperature, mass flow rate, and oxygen concentration, respectively. Ultimately, the results of the heat release rate inside the duct obtained by the oxygen consumption method with FDS were found to be consistent with the experimental value, within 2.58%. However, the deviation of oxygen concentration is reduced as the deviation of mass flow rate increases for a constant heat release rate. This implies that for more accurate analysis, the heat loss and shape factors in the duct should be considered.
Study on the Dangers of Epoxy Resins
Authors: Lee Ki Oh
Published: March 2023

In this study, thermal risk evaluation and reproduction experiments were conducted based on the case where fire was detected during the epoxy-resin curing process, and the results provide technical data to prevent similar accidents . Epoxy resin (unsaturated polyester resin) is the second petroleum product among Class 4 dangerous substances as determined through flash point, combustion point, and ignition point tes ts. In addition, during the mixing reaction test of the epoxy-resin curing agent at a setting temperature of 20 ℃, mixed with a ratio of 1:1 at 1,500 rpm, the highest temperature measured was 350 ℃, which is higher than that measured at other mixing ratios. However, at a setting temperature of 30 ℃, mixed at 600 rpm, the highest temperature measured was 300 ℃, which is lower than that measured when the setting temperature was 20 ℃ . As epoxy resin is widely used in various fields, the possibility of accidents during the addition of hardeners will increase in the future; therefore, this study will aid in providing the basic data for fire prevention.
Project Review: ‘Making Room for Abolition’, by Lauren Williams
Authors:   Washington University in St. Louis, Toppins Aggie
Published: March 2023

This review positions Lauren Williams’ installation ‘Making Room for Abolition’, shown in ‘Monolith’ at Red Bull Arts in Detroit, as a speculative design project that presents a two-fold critique: one directed at US society and the other, at speculative design itself. As a discourse and practice, speculative design offers a model for designing in socially-oriented, post-capitalist contexts, but it has yet to fully unmoor itself from colonialist ideology. I present common critiques of speculative design—specifically: the lack of attention to race- and class-based struggles, the assumption that time is absolute, and its stance that preferable futures must be plausible—to show how Williams addresses these shortcomings while centering Black experiences and imagination in a dream of abolitionist futures.
The Case for Minor Gestures
Authors:   University of the Arts London, Abdulla Danah , Vieira de Oliveira Pedro J. S. ,   Independent Researcher
Published: March 2023

This paper lays out the groundwork for a concept we define as minor gestures within design education. Moving away from a conversation centered around decolonization—a term, we argue, that has been co-opted to become a placeholder for equality, diversity, and inclusion, and tick-box exercises within academic institutions— we assert that minor gestures create the conditions for meaningful conversations on what it actually means to move towards decolonizing design education. Using examples from our own pedagogical practices, we sketch out and outline a proposition for minor gestures as theory-in-the-making, or an incomplete pathway towards meaningful, structural change.
Design Processes and Tools as Oppression? Rethinking our Design Practice for more Just Design Outcomes
Authors:   Emily Carr University of Art and Design, Barcham Manuhuia
Published: March 2023

Our design processes and tools matter, as our design is always shaped by the processes and tools that we use. Context necessarily shapes the content of our design processes and tools. But, without paying attention to the content emerging from that context, the use of these tools and processes may become oppressive. In the wake of colonialism, the un-reflexive use of design tools and processes underpinned by Western conceptual ideas and schema can lead to oppression for design with non- Western or Indigenous peoples. Even tools and processes designed with a supposedly liberatory intent, such as promoting democratic practice or equality, can lead to oppression in their un-reflexive use. Looking at two experiences from my design practice with my own hapū (clan), this article explores the ways in which ideas of democratic participation and equality raised in these two design spaces could function in an oppressive way to cause a form of violence against our traditional lifeworld. This article proposes some ways in which this aspect of design might be modified to help lead to more just design outcomes, through a more reflective and intentional approach when choosing and applying the design tools and processes we use in our design practice.
El léxico del mapuzugun a través de sus diccionarios: análisis contrastivo de los sustantivos registrados en el Calepino Chileno-Hispano, el Diccionario Araucano- Español y en los textos de Estudios Araucanos
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Villena Araya Belén , Fernández-Silva Sabela ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Catalán Liempi Rosa ,   Investigadora independiente
Published: March 2023

Dado el amplio uso de los diccionarios en la investigación en lexicología mapuche, el presente estudio se propone indagar en la representación del léxico del mapuzugun a través de los diccionarios mediante su comparación con el léxico en uso, empleado en textos escritos en una época similar a la de la elaboración de las obras lexicográficas. Para ello, se contrastan los campos semánticos y los procesos de formación de un grupo de sustantivos extraídos de los diccionarios de Febrés (1765) y Augusta (1916) con otro grupo de nombres extraídos de Estudios Araucanos (Lenz, 1895-1897), excluidos de los diccionarios mapuzugun-español publicados en Chile hasta 1916. Los datos muestran similitudes en cuanto a los principales procesos de formación vernácula, mientras que los préstamos están infrarrepresentados en los diccionarios. El campo semántico mejor representado en ambos corpus es el de las tradiciones, sociales y religiosas en los diccionarios y bélicas y ecuestres en Estudios Araucanos, lo cual coincide con el propósito de ambas obras. Por otro lado, el léxico sobre cuerpo humano y hierbas está profusamente descrito en el diccionario de Augusta, lo cual se explica por la formación en medicina del autor. Se concluye, en todo caso, que el léxico de los diccionarios mapuches analizados es representativo del léxico en uso, lo que convierte a estas obras en fuentes fiables para la investigación lexicológica
Selección del vocabulario meta en español: propuesta metodológica basada en la triangulación de fuentes léxicas
Authors:   EOI de Madrid-Embajadores, Hidalgo Gallardo Matías
Published: March 2023

Este trabajo presenta una propuesta de selección del vocabulario meta para estudiantes de español como lengua extranjera (ELE) basada en la triangulación o complementación de tres fuentes de información léxica: (1) el léxico disponible en nativos hispanohablantes, (2) el léxico más frecuente del español y (3) las nociones específicas del Plan curricular del Instituto Cervantes. Previamente, se ha realizado un análisis de necesidades léxicas de una muestra de estudiantes de ELE, cuyos resultados han sido cotejados con las mencionadas fuentes de vocabulario. Las carencias encontradas han sido evaluadas con el fin de observar cómo dichas fuentes las cubren. Se ha comprobado así que cada fuente satisface necesidades léxicas diferentes (con una similitud del 12,5 % en las necesidades cubiertas y una compatibilidad léxica de las fuentes del 24 %), por lo que la viabilidad de la triangulación queda justificada. La propuesta resultante ofrece una recopilación léxica nivelada que aúna las bondades de varios criterios de selección ya asentados y supera las limitaciones derivadas de su empleo por separado.
Reflective Safety Clothes Wearing Detection in Hydraulic Engineering Using YOLOv3-CCD
Authors: Wang Song , Hai Xiao , Cao Yunyu
Published: March 2023

The construction site of the hydraulic engineering has a high danger factor and the correct wearing of reflective safety clothes ensures the safety of workers. Therefore, the detection and testing of reflective safety clothes wearing is an important task in the construction site of a hydraulic engineering. However, the traditional manual supervision strategy has the problems of low efficiency, narrow scope, and poor real-time performance in complex working conditions. Based on YOLOv3 that is a classical target detection model, this paper proposes a reflective safety clothes detection algorithm (YOLOv3-CCD) based on an attention mechanism and an improved loss function. By adding the CA (Coordinate Attention) mechanism module to the backbone network, the characterization ability of the target feature is enhanced, so as to solve the Long-Term dependencies problem in the detection process; The loss function is changed from IOU-Loss (Intersection Over Union Loss) to CIOU-Loss (Complete-IOU Loss), so that the network takes the aspect ratio into consideration when selecting the prediction box, which improves the accuracy of target positioning; In the post-processing of the algorithm, we improved NMS (Non-Maximum Suppression) to solve the problem of dense target detection being missed. Experimental results show that compared with the original YOLOv3 network model, the algorithm has stronger robustness and the overall detection accuracy is 1.8% higher than that of the original network. Moreover, the detection speed is 32 frames per second, which is faster than the original network.
Epidemiology and Management of MYMV Disease in Mung Bean (Vigna radiata (L.))
Authors: Verma Preety , Malik Vinod Kumar , Sangwan Pooja , Kumar Rakesh , Yadav Pankaj , Khaiper Mamta , Sharma Bajrang Lal , Sheoran Niharika , Yadav Nisha , Jangra Monika , Malik Janvi
Published: March 2023

Mung bean is a short-duration ancient legume crop that can be grown as a sole or intercrop for grain and green manure in all three crop seasons, including winter, summer and rainy in various regions of the country. MYMV (Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus) disease is one of the most destructive diseases transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn) persistently. Weather parameters have no direct effect on MYMV, but affect the whitefly population. Field experiments were conducted for three consecutive years from 2019-2021 as to know the effect of weather parameters on the whitefly population. Development of whitefly population and MYMV disease severity were recorded in mungbean crops at 7 days interval starting from 20 days after sowing (DAS). The present study showed that whitefly population builds up starting in July and reached to maximum at end of August to early September. There are various factors influencing the build-up of whitefly population viz., maximum temperature 36±2°C, minimum temperature 25±2°C, morning relative humidity more than 90 percent, more sunshine hours and no rainfall prevailing during that period. Whitefly population had positive significant correlation with maximum temperature and bright sunshine hours while evening relative humidity and rainfall were recorded as negatively significant. Three-year data is very helpful in guiding the farmers for timely and preventive sprays based on existing infections and the population of whitefly in a season.
Assessment of Yield Losses due to Meloidogyne incognita on Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Anjali Tamireddy , Dash Byomakesh , Das Niranjan , Panda Narayana , Santhosh G.
Published: March 2023

The experiment was carried out in the field of Department of Nematology Odisha University of Agricultural and Technology, Bhubaneswar during the rabi, 2021–2022 to estimate the avoidable yield losses in 12 Patra variety of cucumber due to root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita in nematode infested field. Ten replications of the experiment were set up using the paired plot technique. Required quantity of Carbofuran granules@2kg a.i./ha was applied two days before sowing. Ten plots were treated and another ten plots were kept untreated control (without carbofuran application). The findings exhibited that application of carbofuran significantly reduced the number of galls, egg masses and nematode population -80.01, -84.49, -27.23 respectively. Avoidable yield losses were recorded to the tune of 66.23 percent on cucumber plants by M. incognita.
Association Between Facility Surgical Volume and Excess Time in the Hospital After Surgical Resection of Vestibular Schwannomas
Authors: Dixon Peter R. , Moshtaghi Omid , Khan Usman , Harris Jeffrey P. , Schwartz Marc S. , Friedman Rick A.
Published: March 2023

Importance

High surgical vestibular schwannoma case volume in a medical institution may decrease the risk of adverse outcomes among patients undergoing vestibular schwannoma surgery.

Objective

To study the association between surgical vestibular schwannoma case volume and excess time in the hospital after vestibular schwannoma surgery.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study evaluated data from the National Cancer Database from January 1, 2004, through December 31, 2019, on Commission on Cancer–accredited facilities in the US. The hospital-based sample comprised adult patients aged 18 years or older with a vestibular schwannoma treated with surgery.

Exposures

Facility case volume, defined as the mean number of surgical vestibular schwannoma cases per year in the 2 years preceding the index case.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was a composite of prolonged hospital stay (>90th percentile) or 30-day readmission. Risk-adjusted restricted cubic splines were used to model the probability of the outcome according to facility volume. The inflection point (in cases per year) when the declining risk of excess time in the hospital began to plateau was selected as the threshold to define high- and low-volume facilities. Outcomes were compared among patients treated at high- and low-volume facilities, with mixed-effects logistic regression models adjusting for patient sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, tumor size, and clustering within facilities. Collected data were analyzed between June 24 and August 31, 2022.

Results

Among 11 524 eligible patients (mean [SD] age, 50.2 [12.8] years; 53.5% female; 46.5% male) who underwent surgical resection of vestibular schwannoma at 66 reporting facilities, the median length of stay was 4 (IQR, 3-5) days, and 655 patients (5.7%) were readmitted within 30 days. The median case volume was 16 (IQR, 9-26) cases per year. An adjusted restricted cubic spline model identified a downtrending probability of excess time in the hospital with increasing volume. The declining risk of excess time in the hospital began to plateau at a facility volume of 25 cases per year. Surgery at a facility with an annual case volume at or above this threshold was independently associated with a 42% reduction in the odds of excess time in the hospital compared with surgery at a low-volume center (odds ratio, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.44-0.77).

Conclusions and Relevance

This cohort study found that among adults undergoing vestibular schwannoma surgery, a higher facility case volume was associated with a reduced risk of prolonged hospital stay or 30-day readmission. A facility case volume of 25 cases per year may represent a risk-defining threshold.
A Hump-like Neck Mass in a Child
Authors: Wang Bo , Zhan An-Ting , Fan Yi-Ming
Published: March 2023

A 7-year-old boy with no medical history of trauma, infection, or surgery presented with a slowly growing, asymptomatic lump on his left lower neck since birth. What is your diagnosis?
Effects of dietary phosphorus deficiency on the growth performance, hepatic lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity of Yellow River Carp Cyprinus carpio haematopterus
Authors: Gao Shiyang , Sun Ping , Ren Hongtao , Chen Jialong , Shen Yi , Wang Zifeng , Huang Yuchao , Chen Weijun
Published: March 2023

Objective

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of phosphorus (P) deficiency in diets on growth performance, hepatic lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity in Yellow River Carp Cyprinus carpio haematopterus.

Methods

In this study, 72 healthy experimental fish (initial weight = 12.0 ± 0.1 g [mean ± SE]) were randomly selected and distributed to two groups, with three replicates in each group. The groups were fed either a P-sufficient diet or a P-deficient diet for 8 weeks.

Result

The P-deficient feed significantly decreased the specific growth rate, feed efficiency, and condition factor of Yellow River Carp. Fish that were fed the P-deficient feed demonstrated higher contents of triglyceride, total cholesterol (T-CHO), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the plasma and a higher T-CHO content in the liver compared to the P-sufficient diet group. In addition, the P-deficient diet significantly reduced the catalase activity level, decreased the glutathione content, and increased the malondialdehyde content in the liver and in the plasma. Furthermore, P deficiency in the diet significantly downregulated the messenger RNA expression of nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, whereas it upregulated the messenger RNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α and fatty acid synthase in the liver.

Conclusion

Dietary P deficiency reduced fish growth performance, induced fat deposition and oxidative stress, and impaired liver health.
Leveraging Genetics to Address the Role of GALNT2 on Atherogenic Dyslipidemia
Authors: Di Paola Rosa , Marucci Antonella , Mangiacotti Davide , Antonucci Alessandra , Fontana Andrea , Wang Xuan , Qi Lu , Menzaghi Claudia , Trischitta Vincenzo
Published: March 2023

Several studies have shown that downregulation of GALNT2 (Polypeptide N‐Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2), encoding polypeptide N‐acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2, decreases high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) and increases triglycerides levels by glycosylating key enzymes of lipid metabolism, such as angiopoietin like 3, apolipoprotein C‐III, and phospholipid transfer protein. GALNT2 is also a positive modulator of insulin signaling and action, associated with in vivo insulin sensitivity and during adipogenesis strongly upregulates adiponectin. Thus, the hypothesis that GALNT2 affects HDL‐C and triglycerides levels also through insulin sensitivity and/or circulating adiponectin, is tested. In 881 normoglycemic individuals the G allele of rs4846914 SNP at the GALNT2 locus, known to associate with GALNT2 downregulation, is associated with low HDL‐C and high values of triglycerides, triglycerides/HDL‐C ratio, and theHomeostatic Model Assessment of insulin resistance HOMAIR (p‐values = 0.01, 0.027, 0.002, and 0.016, respectively). Conversely, no association is observed with serum adiponectin levels (p = 0.091). Importantly, HOMAIR significantly mediates a proportion of the genetic association with HDL‐C (21%, 95% CI: 7–35%, p = 0.004) and triglyceride levels (32%, 95% CI: 4–59%, p = 0.023). The results are compatible with the hypothesis that, besides the effect on key lipid metabolism enzymes, GALNT2 alters HDL‐C and triglyceride levels also indirectly through a positive effect on insulin sensitivity.
Micro‐Scale Mechanical Metamaterial with a Controllable Transition in the Poisson's Ratio and Band Gap Formation
Authors: Dudek Krzysztof K. , Iglesias Martínez Julio A. , Ulliac Gwenn , Hirsinger Laurent , Wang Lianchao , Laude Vincent , Kadic Muamer
Published: March 2023

The ability to significantly change the mechanical and wave propagation properties of a structure without rebuilding it is currently one of the main challenges in the field of mechanical metamaterials. This stems from the enormous appeal that such tunable behavior may offer from the perspective of applications ranging from biomedical to protective devices, particularly in the case of micro‐scale systems. In this work, a novel micro‐scale mechanical metamaterial is proposed that can undergo a transition from one type of configuration to another, with one configuration having a very negative Poisson's ratio, corresponding to strong auxeticity, and the other having a highly positive Poisson's ratio. The formation of phononic band gaps can also be controlled concurrently which can be very useful for the design of vibration dampers and sensors. Finally, it is experimentally shown that the reconfiguration process can be induced and controlled remotely through application of a magnetic field by using appropriately distributed magnetic inclusions.
Graphite Pellicle: Physical Shield for Next‐Generation EUV Lithography Technology
Authors: Choi Hyung Woo , Nam Ki‐Bong , Shin Dong‐Wook
Published: March 2023

Extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) is widely employed in the electronics, automotive, military, and AI computing areas for IC chip fabrication. A pellicle is a thin and transparent membrane that protects a costly photomask, known as a reticle, during the EUVL process. The fabricated IC chip can be disastrous without a pellicle. When a particle lands on a photomask, it frequently results in a faulty pattern, which leads to chip failure and lower production yield. A nanometer‐thick graphite (NGF) has demonstrated tremendous potential for addressing optical, mechanical, thermal, and chemical criteria among potential pellicle materials such as carbon allotropes, Si, SiNx, and Si‐Mo‐Nb. This review summarizes current progress in NGF pellicles, including large‐scale material fabrication (up to 135 mm × 135 mm), transfer method for freestanding form, and practical characterization methods. Current significant challenges and future opportunities for NGF pellicles are also discussed in order to facilitate a critical transition from lab‐scale research to industrial‐scale implementation.