bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of training methods in accordance with special exercises to develop flexibility and perform the skills of shooting from above the chest (abduction) to wrestlers ages (14-15)
Authors: Ali Salman Abdul-Tarfi, Mohammed Khaled
Published: April 2024

Evolution has become a feature of this era because of the speed that makes it open multiple horizons and many to identify everything that is new in different areas and also characterized by the competitive position of emotional attitudes changing depending on the positions of winning and defeat, and the use of training methods are the most important pillars of the game of wrestling, The methods contribute to raising the level of the wrestler and refining his physical and skill potential. The problem of the research is that the shooting exercises from above the chest are very important in Roman wrestling and can be terminated by the player. Through very personal interviews for coaches and concluded that there is a weakness in the level of flexibility which is its index is the failure of wrestlers in the performance of these skills, so he called the researcher to design work and some training aids to address this problem. The aim of the study was to prepare specific exercises using training methods suitable for the sample of the research, to identify the effect of the special exercises in developing the special flexibility, to identify the effect of the special exercises in developing the abduction performance. The researcher imposed a statistically significant relationship between the results of the tribal and remote tests of the control and experimental research groups in the development of the skills of kidnapping for the ages of (14-15) years. In favor of the post-test, the researcher used the experimental method. , And in the data collection side, the researcher used the means designed, experimenting with these tests on the exploratory sample, and then applying them to the application sample. After processing the results and presenting them in the tables, the researcher reached the objectives of the research, The training is designed to prove its capabilities in developing special flexibility. The researcher recommends the introduction of the proposed training methods within the training curricula of the national teams and sports clubs, which showed positive and effective results in the development of special flexibility and performance development of some shooting exercises from above the month and thus improve the level of .performance
Standardization test for the measurement of offensive basketball composite skills(16) years
Authors: Laith Mohammed Abdul Razzaq,  Atheer Khalil Ibrahim
Published: April 2024

Summary of the researchThe style of playing in basketball, represented by the performance of complex movements as a result of the rapid movement and changing positions is one of the advantages of this game, which adds beauty and excitement to this game, so it was necessary for players to use forms of mobility and complex skills mixed with precision and speed, In the attack to overcome the difficult positions defenders are trying to impose on the attacking team.Complex offensive skills in basketball are difficult skills that a player can not easily perform so they need to be specially trained to handle those situations so that the player can use them in difficult situations.The research community represented a sample of Baghdad players for the basketball teams and for the sports season (2017-2018) for the ages of (16) years of (70) players, and they were deliberately chosen to be all players from the city of Baghdad. After obtaining the results and processing them statistically, Conclusions: 1. Test procedures for complex offensive skills for young people under 16 years of age have been standardized. 2. Standards (standard reference) were determined for the results of the composite offensive skills test.
The Effect of special exercises using ball fixers to develop the response speed of kicking the ball with the preferred and non-preferred foot of futsal players
Authors: Ismael Qasim Jameel
Published: April 2024

Abstract Hall futsal is one of the most demanding and responsive games that is part of the response, especially the bounce of the ball during the scoring and the player must invest those opportunities to win. The importance of the research is to develop the speed of kicking the ball with preferred and non-preferred foot using new methods and methods. The problem of the research is focused on not investing opportunities scoring when the ball bounce or situations requiring the speed of kicking the ball, which in turn requires a quick response and reaction to the addicts in those cases, and included the objectives of the preparation of exercises using the installation of balls as well as other devices to develop the speed of the feet in Kick the balls and learn about the effect of those exercises. The researcher used the experimental method to design the two equal groups for the 16-player faculty of the Faculty of Arts. They were divided randomly into two equal groups (both male and female). The experiment was applied to the experimental sample for eight weeks, three units per week. Tribal and remote of the two groups and reached some conclusions and summarized that the use of these devices for the feet in the exercise leads to the development as well as the method or method of performance in the exercise.
The effectiveness of special exercises and supplements L-Arginine and CoQ10 in some physical capacities for middle-distance runners
Authors: Abbas Fadel Jaber, ANTSAR Mezher, Muhannad Kazim Dagger
Published: April 2024

Aim of research: 1-prepare aqua especially supplements to improve performance for runners distances medium applicants. 2-identify effect exercise own and supplements L-Arginine and value Q10 in some capabilities for physical runners distances medium. and use researcher curriculum demo to appropriate problem search, and adopted researcher in chosen to sample search way which included national team iraqi class for applicants (800 m) and number total reached (7) aged (18)-20 years and of in union games powers iraqi central has section researcher sample to group (experimental only). the light search results concluded researcher what comes: 1-that for supplements (L-Arginine and coQ10) contributed in developing capabilities for physical runners elected young. 2-improved general level of times special runners adrift noticeable relatively. 3-that the duration experience was enough to develop endurance in particular significantly by eating doses of supplements. light conclusions findings researcher recommended following recommendations: 1-attention coaches in events distances medium to make checks laboratory and field rotating aim reach results can through development capabilities physical. 2-necessity attention role enzymes and activated in body sports and that her key role in improving sources energy. 3-necessity steer runners all events various other eating doses of supplements (L-Arginine and coQ10) since his benefits improve level achievement.
Bio-rhythm and his relationship to some of the skills of free swim
Authors: Naseer Safa Mohamed, Ali Mohamed Taleb
Published: April 2024

Search aim: 1-to identify the vital rhythm of the plumbers at the Sports Talent Care Centre 2. To identify the vital rhythm relationship with some of the skills of the plumbers at the Sports Talent Care centre. As the research objectives are achieved, the researcher uses the descriptive approach (descriptive research) which defines it as the nature of the research problem identified as the type a descriptive approach with a one-group design, being the most appropriate method to solve the problem and achieve the search objectives. The researcher is determined in the light of the research problem that he wants to study in the target community that contains the research problem, as the research community of the center's swimming players has been selected national sports talent Care/Baghdad year (2016-2017) (22) Swimmer of varying ages (9-12) Research sample in the intentional manner and numbered 6 swimmers to conduct tests on them in the light of research findings the researcher reached the following conclusions: 1. The dynamic rhythm influences the skills of swimmers and raises it at the top of the positive rhythm and decreases at the top of the negative rhythm.2. The vital rhythm has an impact on the achievement of distances that have been made during the tests.3.The vital rhythm of the training process is very important by giving training according to positive and negative days.In light of the findings of the researcher, it is recommended that: 1. To pay attention to the vital rhythm courses, especially (physical, emotional) in training modules and to build the training curriculum in the light of the presence of courses in the positive or negative part of it.2. Conduct research on the glands associated with the vital rhythm and their impact on the skilled performance of plumbers in particular and on swimmers in general. 3. Research on other categories and samples and other sports.
The multi-dimensional concern and its relation to the accuracy of the performance of some of the parking stands for the Romanian wrestlers for youth ages (18-20) years
Authors: Abdul Ghafoor Radam Kitan Azzawi
Published: April 2024

The objective of the research is to identify the multi-dimensional anxiety. Cognitive dimension 0 and the physical dimension 0 After the speed and ease of emotion in the Romanian youth wrestlers (18-20) years 0 and the recognition of the accuracy of the performance of some of the stands of the Romanian wrestlers for youth ages (18-20 years) On the relationship between the multi-dimensional concern (cognitive dimension, physical dimension, after the speed and ease of emotion and the accuracy of the performance of some of the grips of the Romanian wrestlers for youth ages (18 - 20) years) 0 The researcher imposed that there is a correlation between multi-dimensional concern and some parking Roman wrestlers for youth Emar (18-20) years 0 and here The researcher used the descriptive methodology to suit the nature of the research. The sample of the research consisted of the Roman quarries of the Diyala governorate team. The number of (10) randomly chosen wrestlers who (20) wrestlers and formed the sample part of the research community (50%) 0 and ruled out (10) wrestlers for various reasons 0 The multi-dimensional anxiety scale, designed by "Mohamed Hassan Allawi and applied to the Egyptian environment, 1994 Sports Equivalent Sclerometer (0) and applied psychological tests The researcher concluded that the multi-dimensional anxiety in the Romanian quarries of the Diyala youth team for young people (18-20) years 0 is significant. There is a significant correlation between the multiple anxiety and the lack of standing among the farmers (18-20) years. There are differences of statistical significance of the multi-dimensional anxiety and some obstacles to stand in the Romanian wrestlers for youth ages (18-20) years. The researcher recommended the need to emphasize the psychological preparation because it is considered complementary to the training system and the need to give concern Pain The number of dimensions is of great importance as a special case which has an effect on the athlete in terms of the response and determining the effective dimension in performance. Also, the relation of the multi-dimensional concern is related to the accuracy of the performance of the wrestlers in both free and Roman wrestling and all other sports activities for his main role in the psychological preparation of athletes Time for other types of training such as mental and relaxation training for its main role in the elimination of anxiety
The effect of a training approach of different intensity with weights to develop strength characterized by speed and the accuracy of performing the forehand and backhand stroke skill in tennis.
Authors: Enas Yahya Ahmed Ezzat
Published: April 2024

The current research aims to identify the effect of using a weight training curriculum in developing the strength distinguished by speed and accuracy in performing some offensive tennis skills among the research sample. To achieve this goal, the researcher adopted the experimental method, while the research population represents the third stage students / College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Girls / University Baghdad, which numbered (55) students, and in a random manner they were divided into three experimental groups, two groups. Then the researcher determined the research variables, which were the distinctive strength of the arms and the forehand and backhand in tennis. The researcher prepared a training curriculum with weights and different intensities, and after obtaining the results, the researcher adopted The statistical program (SPSS), as the researcher concluded that the training curriculum with different intensities in developing the strength characterized by speed led to the development of the accuracy of the forehand and backhand shots in tennis and recommended attention to developing the strength distinguished by speed because of its positive impact on the skill aspect of the game of tennis.
Evaluating the professional knowledge of physical education teachers in some secondary schools in Baghdad
Authors: Ali Jassim Hassan
Published: April 2024

Professional knowledge is one of the main aspects of professional performance evaluation, and owning it shows us indicators of the possibility of indirect evaluation of teacher preparation programs. The current study aimed to determine the professional knowledge of physical education teachers for secondary schools in Baghdad. And determine the relative importance of each of them, and the researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method for its suitability to the nature of the problem, and the study community included male and female physical education teachers, and a random sample was selected from the original community of the study consisting of (130) teachers and schools of physical education, and the researcher distributed the questionnaire that contained (36) ) A paragraph divided into (4) domains (administrative and technological knowledge, performing knowledge, specialized knowledge, personal and social knowledge) and it was applied to the study sample members, and the researcher used appropriate statistical means to interpret the results. The study came out with conclusions, including the intensification of training courses by specialists as applied models for the development of teachers' competencies due to its importance and its connection to the growth of the teacher's professional knowledge, and the activation of the in-service training system for male and female teachers to develop their teaching competencies. Keywords: professional knowledge, teachers, female teachers.
The effect of complex exercises (skills - physical) on endurance performance and some functional variables among basketball players
Authors: Rafal Mahmoud Muhammad
Published: April 2024

The current research aims to identify the effect of using physical skill exercises on endurance performance and some functional variables in the research sample. To achieve this goal, the researcher adopted the experimental method. The research community is represented by players from the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences/University of Diyala in basketball, numbering (20) players. By a random method, they were divided into two groups, control and experimental. Then the researcher identified the research variables, which were performance tolerance and some job variables. The researcher prepared a training curriculum using skill-based physical exercises. After obtaining the results, the researcher adopted the statistical program (SPSS) and the program (EXLL). The researcher found that the proposed training curriculum with skill and physical exercises had a positive impact on the development of the level of performance endurance and the studied job variables, and this is what the results showed, as the experimental research sample agreed with the control research sample in all variables.
Building a self-vitality scale for physical education teachers in Salah al-Din Governorate
Authors: Hammoud Najm Hassan, Saad Abbas Al-Janabi
Published: April 2024

The study aimed to:

Building a scale (self-vitality) for physical education teachers in Salah al-DiGovernorate.

Identifying the level of personal vitality among physical education teachers in Salah al-Din Governorate.

The researcher used the descriptive method (survey and correlational) because it suits the nature of the research problem.

The research community consisted of (238) teachers of physical education in secondary schools in Salah al-Din Governorate for the academic year (2022-2023), where the research sample was chosen intentionally and consisted of (238) teachers, representing a percentage of (100%) of the total research community.

The construction sample included (128) physical education teachers in Salah al-Din Governorate, and they were selected by a simple random method (lottery) with a percentage of (53.78%) from the overall research population. The application sample included (78) physical education teachers in Salah al-Din Governorate. Religion (32.77%) of the total research community.

The researchers used statistical data through (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentage, t-test for two independent samples, Pearson’s simple correlation coefficient, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, and the hypothesised mean equation).

The researcher reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which                       

In light of the results of the research reached by the researcher, he concluded the following: -

1- Physical education teachers in Salah al-Din Governorate possess a vital self-ability to motivate themselves that enables and qualifies them to accomplish various tasks in the internal and external school environment.

2- Physical education teachers in Salah al-Din Governorate possess a state of clear balance and the ability to combine physical and psychological requirements through the physical education lesson and the ability to improve the psychological state of their students.

In light of the conclusions, the researcher reached a number of recommendations, the most important of which are:

1- The need for the Ministry of Education, especially physical education teachers, to support programs to develop the level of personal vitality and realize their importance in enhancing their positive job performance among its teaching staff, especially physical education teachers.

2- Encouraging secondary school administrations to adopt the foundations and dimensions of personal vitality, especially among physical education teachers, which is considered the basis for developing the level of their functional abilities.
The effect of suggested exercises using the interval training method in developing some basic skills in football
Authors: Mohammed Ali Ibrahim
Published: April 2024

The researcher dealt with the importance of football and the distinguished position it occupies among the sports, as exercises were prepared by the method of interval training High intensity for the development of some basic skills in football, where attention should be paid to these skills as they are the basis for learning any game. On this basis, the researcher considered a practical study through which to identify the impact of these exercises on the sample, and the one-group experimental approach was used The sample consisted of (20) players from the training center of the General Directorate of Diyala Education, and it was concluded that there are statistically significant differences between the results of the pre and post tests and in favor of the post test. The researcher recommends applying this study to different samples and groups in the sports field because of its clear results on the sample.
Emotional reassurance and its relationship to the level of academic Ambition among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences
Authors: Dhiea Rahman Jassim
Published: April 2024

The researcher conducted his current research (emotional reassurance and its relationship to the level of academic ambition among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences), the aim of which is to identify the relationship between emotional reassurance and the level of academic ambition among first-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Kufa. The researcher used the descriptive approach. In the manner of correlational relationships, the two measures of emotional reassurance and the level of academic ambition were used on the research sample, which consisted of (90) students. After completing the scientific procedures for conducting research and after distributing the measures and the responses of the subjects to them, the data was processed statistically to produce several results. In light of those results, the researcher concluded several Conclusions including:

1-The scale used to measure the level of academic ambition among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Kufa, is suitable for measuring this variable, and this has been proven through the results reached by the research.

2-The students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Kufa, have a good level of emotional reassurance.

According to these conclusions, the researcher recommended the following.

1-Conduct a study on the variable of emotional reassurance and link it to other variables.

2-Conduct a similar study for students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences and for various academic levels.
The effect of special strength exercises based on parallel training (Circuit Training) in developing some physiological variables and achieving 100 breaststroke swimming for young people
Authors: Amna Saleh Team,  Yasar Saibah Ali
Published: April 2024

Special strength training exercises used by swimmers in order to build physical capabilities and improve physiological adaptation, because the success of the training process is measured by the extent of progress achieved by the swimmer and parallel training (Circuit Training) is a very effective and versatile method that targets multiple aspects of With specific breaks that can focus on strength You perform these exercises sequentially, moving from exercise to exercise with limited breaks, .importance of research in an attempt Employing the mechanism of giving exercises and training methods to link between different sports sciences The research problem noted that many swimmers have weakness when performing swimming races (100 m) chest due to the weakness of the physical and motor abilities of swimmers as the physical, motor and skill integration gives the swimmer the appropriate opportunity to do the correct motor work. of swimmers of the Peace Club and conducted the pre-tests and then applied the exercises on this sample and then the post-tests and concluded that the use of special strength exercises according to the training
Recent Advances in Neurotechnologies to Understand and Direct Specific Behavior of Live Animals
Authors: Zhu Paula
Published: April 2024

Neuroscience has traditionally faced difficulty in accessing and understanding the behavior of the brain at a single-cell level. Many of these challenges are due to the brain’s complexity; the brain has 100 billion neurons and well over 100 trillion connections and synapses, all operating at a millisecond timescale with functionally distinct circuits crossing over each other within microscale regions. However, starting with breakthroughs in the 2000s, such as fluorescent genetically-encoded calcium ion (Ca2+) indicators (GECIs)—where Ca2+ detection is used as a proxy of neural activity—and optogenetics—where neuron firing is controlled using light-sensitive ion channels in neurons—new advances in revolutionary neurotechnology have made it increasingly feasible for neuroscientists to understand how the brain operates on a cellular level. In the past few years, four distinct categories of neurotechnology advances have catalyzed this change in understanding, including chemogenic control, electrical recording and control, optogenetics-based control, and optogenetics recording and visualization.
Rapid detection of soil carbonates by means of NIR spectroscopy, deep learning methods and phase quantification by powder X-ray diffraction
Authors: Chiniadis Lykourgos , Tamvakis Petros
Published: April 2024

In this study we propose a novel rapid and efficient way to predict carbonates content in soil by means of Fourier Transform Near-Infrared (FT-NIR) reflectance spectroscopy and by use of deep learning methods. In addition to using traditional machine learning algorithms, we exploited multiple deep learning methods, such as: 1) a Multi-Layered Perceptron Regressor (MLP) and 2) a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in an attempt to compare their performance with other classical machine learning algorithms, which up until now were considered the field’s standards, such as Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR), Cubist and SupportVectorMachines (SVM) on the combined dataset of two NIR spectral libraries: Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory (KSSL) of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), a dataset of soil samples reflectance spectra collected nationwide, and Land Use and Coverage Area Frame Survey (LUCAS) TopSoil-2015 (European Soil Library) which contains soil sample absorbance spectra from all over the European Union, and use them to predict carbonate content on never-before-seen soil samples. In this study, absorbances in the NIR spectral region (1150-2500 nm) were utilized in two different ways: a) as one-dimensional data and b) as two-dimensional spectrograms which, to our knowledge, is a completely novel approach that has rarely been researched. Quantification of carbonates by means of X-ray-Diffraction is in good agreement with the volumetric method and the MLP prediction. Our work contributes to rapid carbonates content prediction in soil samples in cases where: 1) no volumetric method is available and 2) only NIR spectra absorbance data are available.
Monterrey, Agua e Imaginarios Urbanos
Authors: Treviño Aldape Abiel
Published: April 2024

Partiendo de la sequia que ha enfrentado el Estado de Monterrey, este libro indaga los aspectos históricos y culturales como el eximorón regiomontano agua - sequia logran logran impactar en la construcción de la identidad urbana.
The Vicissitudes of Constitutional Interpretation in Zambia
Authors: Mbao Malvin
Published: April 2024

The Constitution of Zambia (Amendment) Act 2 of 2016, provides for, inter alia, the esta­blish­ment of a Constitutional Court with original and final jurisdiction in constitutional litigation. Simply put, this means that the Court is a court of first instance and of last resort in Constitutional matters. There can be no appeal from its decisions. However, within months of the Court’s creation, it was embroiled in controversy in respect of the presidential election petition of 2016, resulting in the court being severely criticised as being incompetent and corrupt and in perpetrating a monstrous miscarriage of justice. This article interrogates two of the Court’s most controversial decisions and draws on the rich experience in respect of constitutional interpretation in comparable jurisdictions. The main thrust of this article is that courts should be impartial and should uphold the solemn oath of dispensing justice to all in a manner that protects and promotes the values and principles embedded in the Constitution. Given the huge disappointment with the Court’s performance to date, a lot remains to be done in restoring the confidence of the citizenry in the courts as bulwarks or sentinels of individual liberties.
Petrodollar Corruption in Nigeria and the Implications for Economic Development
Authors: Mbao Melvin , Ayodele Oladiran
Published: April 2024

The petroleum industry plays a significant role in supporting Nigeria’s economy, but the benefits are hardly felt due to widespread corruption in the petroleum industry. The oil boom in the Nigerian political economy has led to its leaders engaging in corrupt practices that promote the parochial interests of the elites instead of implementing programmes that will lift citizens out of poverty. The gaps in the law are often exploited to allow for corruption. Corrupt and inept leadership in the petroleum sector has prevented development in Nigeria. Rather than being a blessing, Petroleum resources are now regarded as a curse. Unless these ominous gaps are addressed, corruption will persist in the petro-economy, which is the mainstay of Nigeria’s economy. This article discusses the link between crude oil production and corruption in Nigeria. The article is based on doctrinal legal research comprising a detailed analysis of primary and secondary sources. It establishes that transparency and accountability in the operations of the upstream petroleum industry are necessary to eliminate corruption. The article discusses the causes and effects of petrodollar corruption in Nigeria and the measures adopted by the Federal Government to curb it. The article recommends the strict enforcement of laws and close monitoring and control to eliminate petrol corruption and offers other useful suggestions to combat corruption in the Nigerian petroleum industry.
PENGARUH REINFORCEMENT TERHADAP KEDISIPLINAN BELAJAR SISWA DI SMP NEGERI 05 BALIKPAPAN KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: AFENDI ACHMAD RUSLAN , MAQSUDI MUHAMMAD
Published: April 2024

This paper argues about the relationship between reinforcement and learning discipline of State Junior High School (SMPN) 5 Balikpapan students. As for the background in this research is the importance of reinforcement in the sense of positive or negative reinforcement in the process of creating student learning discipline. The problems discussed in this thesis can be formulated in the form of questions, namely how is reinforcement at  SMP Negeri 5 Balikpapan, how is student learning discipline at SMP Negeri 5 Balikpapan, and is there a relationship between reinforcement. Based on the results of the research analyzed, it shows that the reinforcement given by the teachers of SMP Negeri 5 Balikpapan is in the very high category with a frequency of 55. 56%. The remaining 5. 56% are in the high category, 5. 56% are in the medium category, 1. 85% are in the low category. Meanwhile, the level of learning discipline of SMP 5 Balikpapan students is in the high category with a frequency of 7. 41. The remaining 5.56% is in the very high category, 3.70% is in the medium category and 3.70% is in the low category. Because the frequency results obtained at all levels are almost the same, it can be concluded that the learning discipline of SMP 05 Balikpapan students is in the high category. The results of the hypothesis test show that there is no relationship between reinforcement and student discipline at SMP Negeri 5 Balikpapan with a product moment correlation coefficient (r) of 0.606 in the interpretation table of correlation data, which is at a level between 0. 600-0. 800 the correlation is in the high category. The table value of the correlation coefficient for 5% is 0.666 and at a significance level of 1% is 0. 789. With the r count > r table. Thus, it is concluded that there is no correlation between reinforcement and student discipline at SMP Negeri 05 Balikpapan.
Psychological Outcomes Associated with Severe Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorder with Cesarean Hysterectomy: A Retrospective Survey Study
Authors: Noall Madison , Woytash Annastacia , Sorabella Laura , Raymond Britany , Zuckerwise Lisa , Sutherland Susanna , Ende Holly
Published: April 2024

This retrospective survey study assesses rates of postpartum depression (PPD) and postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with prior hysterectomy for severe placenta accreta spectrum. Half of the patients met the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale threshold for PPD, and 35% met the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5 (PCL5) threshold for PTSD. Patients who underwent a delayed hysterectomy were more likely to report symptoms of PTSD (75% vs. 8%, p<0.01) and had higher median PCL-5 scores than an immediate hysterectomy (51 [IQR 16,61]) vs. 11 [IQR 2,21], p=0.01). Large prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and determine standardized interventions for patients at high risk of psychological sequelae.
Tras la filosofía moral de Andrés Bello
Authors: Rosales Sánchez Juan José
Published: April 2024

En este breve ensayo se vierten algunos comentarios sobre los contenidos del libro De los sentimientos morales…de José Luis Da Silva. Y aunque luzca a priori como una reseña, el propósito es pensar con Bello y Da Silva sobre el papel de la moral en la vida social. De modo que la lectura de las interpretaciones de Da Silva sobre la filosofía moral de Bello es medio y no fin. Asimismo, metodológicamente, el ensayo se guía por cánones analíticos que se complementan con una estrategia crítica. En suma, y como quiere indicar el título de este escrito, quien escribe estas líneas pretende sumarse a Da Silva en la búsqueda del significado, fundamentos y límites del concepto de moral en la filosofía de Bello.
Lorena Rojas Parma, Humberto Valdivieso: “Filosofía Cyborg. Primeros apuntes. Caracas. Abediciones. 2023.
Authors: Da Silva Pinto José Luis
Published: April 2024

Lorena Rojas Parma, Humberto Valdivieso: “Filosofía Cyborg. Primeros apuntes. Caracas. Abediciones. 2023.
Identity: Shifting Sands of the Becoming of a Coach
Authors: Smith Wendy-Ann
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Adults arrive with a defined personal identity, with a professional identity forming as they engage in vocational–professional skill and knowledge acquisition. Questioning and processing to understand who they are, who they are becoming and who they wish to become both professionally and personally (e.g. Livingston & Griffin, 2019). Based on the original research ‘On Becoming a Coach’ (Rajasinghe, et al., (2022), this paper explores two sub-themes (i.e., ordinate) ‘identity’ and ‘self-concept’; how they interplay and influence shifts identified by experienced coaches. The research explored how experienced coaches made sense of their developmental experiences as they became a coach of experience. The primary (i.e., superordinate) themes identified in this research are; Vehicles of Development, Narratives of Awareness, Narratives of Letting Go, Ethical Practice & Narratives of becoming a Coach. Self-concept and identity are formed from childhood imposed and subsequent adult-formed values and assumptions and understanding of oneself in various societal roles (Harter, 2012). As life experiences are processed these beliefs, values, assumptions are evaluated and adjusted through the lens of increased complex cognitive capacity (e.g. Erikson, 1959), people describe themselves across multiple social roles (for example mother, grandparent, CEO, student, divorcee, etc; Harter, Bresnick, Bouchey, & Whitesell,.1997) and integrate cultural experiences (Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). These shifts influence a coach's self-concept and identity, and a coach’s ethical acuity and practice. It is expected that such shifts impact the coaching. Finally, I outline the psychological risks and ethical implications of coaching during significant identity shifts.
Fire Resistance of Protected Steel Columns
Authors: Lie T.T. , Stanzak W.W.
Published: April 2024

Fully developed building fires generally attain gas temperatures in the order of 2000 degrees Fahrenheit. As the mechanical properties of steel deteriorate rapidly at temperatures of about one half this magnitude, it is necessary to provide some means of keeping steel columns relatively cool during exposure to fire, with the possible exception of extremely massive steel sections. External insulation of a steel section to prevent excessive heat transfer during the expected period of fire exposure is the most common method of providing fire resistance, although internal liquid-cooling has recently proved to be a viable protection method as well. Typical forms and methods of fire protection in current use are illustrated. Light protection using low density materials applied either to the profile of a section or in box form is most popular from an economic point of view. Massive protection, particularly concrete encasement, is used in special cases and forms the subject of a separate study. External protections, which do not readily fall into either of these categories, have been labeled "complex protection" because their analysis may require special methods or engineering judgment. Box protected H-columns with core filling or very thick contour protection are examples. Liquid filling as fire protection can be accomplished by use of design methods described in Refs. 3 and 4. This paper will confine itself to the fire resistance of steel columns protected by relatively low-density materials, examining the problem by both fundamental and experimental engineering methods.
Eccentrically Loaded Slip-Resistant Connections
Authors: Kulak Goeffrey L.
Published: April 2024

Although eccentrically loaded connections should be avoided whenever possible, designers are frequently faced with situations where this type of joint must be used. Such cases could be the provision of crane girder brackets or beam web splices (Figs. 1a and 1b). Eccentricity is present even in a standard beam connection (Fig. 1c), although the effect of the eccentricity is usually not significant. Considerable attention has been directed in recent years toward the assessment of the ultimate strength of eccentrically loaded connections, whether welded or fastened with high-strength bolts. One situation which has received very little attention, however, is the eccentrically loaded bolted connection in which slip is undesirable and friction-type high-strength bolts are employed. As far as is known, no tests except those which will be reported in this presentation have been conducted on this type of connection. The purpose of this report is to review the procedure recommended for the design of slip-resistant eccentrically loaded bolted connections and to compare the results obtained in this fashion with the available experimental data.
Design to Prevent Floor Vibrations
Authors: Murray Thomas M.
Published: April 2024

Efficiently designed floor systems are occasionally found to be susceptible to annoying vibrations induced by human occupancy. Improved methods of construction and design, which make use of high strength-lightweight concrete and high strength steels resulting in reduced mass and rigidity of the floor systems without loss of structural soundness, may make large floor areas, free of partitions, susceptible to transient vibrations induced by small impacts such as human footfalls. Under certain circumstances these vibrations can be very annoying to occupants of buildings. Since the occupants are both the source and the sensor, the vibration cannot be isolated as with mechanical equipment, and must be controlled by the structural system.
Rapid Selection of Column Base Plates
Authors: Bird William R.
Published: April 2024

Over the past several years there have been a number of articles published proposing design aids for the rapid selection of column base plates. Although the design calculations as presented in the AISC Manual of Steel Construction, 7th Edition, are relatively simple, the selection of the optimum plate geometry cannot be determined directly and can be quite time consuming in a large steel structure. The previously presented design aids provided rapid solutions to the design problem, but sacrificed the accuracy of manual calculations. A graphical approach to the design will be presented in this paper, which provides rapid and accurate solutions to the design of steel bearing plates and can be expanded to cover all column sections and loading conditions. The design procedure recommended by the AISC assumes that the bearing pressure on the bottom of the plate is of uniform intensity and that the column load is uniformly distributed over an effective rectangular area equal to 0.95 times the depth of the column section by 0.80 times the column flange width. Thus, the required bearing area based on the relationship of column loading to allowable concrete bearing pressure is first determined and the plate geometry selected to satisfy this requirement. The plate thickness is then determined by treating that portion of the plate that projects beyond the "effective rectangle" as an inverted cantilever and solving for the required thickness.
Structural Steel and Fire; More Realistic Analysis
Authors: Lie T.T. , Stanzak W.W.
Published: April 2024

"Structural Fire Resistance" is the name given to the property of a buildings structural elements that enables it to withstand the effects of fire. For common structural elements such as columns, beams, floors, and walls, this property is quantified by the provisions of a standard fire test.18 This test establishes the structural fire endurance of load-bearing building components in terms of the length of time they can resist collapse. The most significant feature of the fire test standard is that it defines a temperature-time function for the fire atmosphere to which the structure is exposed. Consequently, a standard fire test provides a yardstick by which the performance of one element may be compared with that of another under standardized conditions; it does not necessarily provide a measure of performance of an element under actual loading and fire conditions.
On Inelastic Column Buckling
Authors: Smith Jr.
Published: April 2024

In 1971 Yura presented the concept of the inelastic K-factor, which provides a more accurate estimate of the effective length of a column that buckles at a stress level beyond the proportional limit. For the most simple applications, the essence of the idea is that the end restraint factor, G, as required for use of the alignment charts or equations for evaluation of K, should be modified. The purpose of this paper is to present a procedure for the evaluation of ET/E which retains all the simplicity of Disques method, but eliminates that small error. The slight differences in ET/E values would hardly be worth any additional efforts, but if a correct formulation gives more precise results consistent with the AISC Specification and can be achieved at no extra cost, why not use it?
Composite Beams with Formed Steel Deck
Authors: Grant Jr. , Slutter Roger G. , Fisher John W.
Published: April 2024

During the past forty years, formed steel deck has become the most common floor system used in high rise steel frame structures. A natural consequence of this floor system was the development of composite action between the steel beam and the concrete slab by means of shear connectors welded through the deck to the beam flange. There are two conditions to be considered. The first condition is when the corrugations of the deck run parallel to the beam. It seems reasonable to assume that this condition can be modeled as a composite beam with a haunched slab. The limited experimental work available for this case indicates that the shear connection is not significantly affected by the ribs. A check may be warranted to insure that shearing of the concrete will not occur on a failure planeover the top of the connectors. This report presents the results of 17 composite beam tests conducted at Lehigh University incorporating formed steel deck. These results were analyzed in conjunction with 58 additional tests conducted by other investigators. The purpose of this report was to evaluate shear connector capacity and beam flexural capacity and behavior and to compare such capacity and behavior with existing design criteria
Simplified Design for Torsional Loading of Rolled Steel Members
Authors: Lin Phillip H.
Published: April 2024

When a structural member is loaded in such a manner that the plane of loading does not pass through the shear center, the member is twisted about its longitudinal axis and is said to be in torsion. In the energy-related industries, there are many occasions in which torsion is severe enough to control the design of a structural member. It is therefore very important that a structural engineer be able to recognize a torsion situation and apply a simple and fairly accurate solution to achieve the design. Rolled steel members under uniform and non-uniform torsion have been studied analytically and experimentally by many investigators. For various loading and boundary conditions, solutions to differential equations have been derived, and for a limited number of cases, charts have been made for use by the design engineer. Unfortunately, because the differential equation solution is rather mechanical and time-consuming and, moreover, the designer cannot clearly visualize what is happening in working with the hyperbolic functions for f, an improper design may result without the designers knowledge. Thus, this "exact" method is really suited only for analysis.
Yield Line Analysis of Bolted Hanging Connections
Authors: Dranger Thomas S.
Published: April 2024

The beam-to-girder connection made by fastening the top flange of a beam to the bottom flange of a transverse girder with bolts acting in tension is an example of a bolted hanging connection. Connections of this type are not often used for the support of primary members. When their use is unavoidable, their allowable load is estimated by a rough analysis and they are detailed very conservatively. It is desirable to rationalize a simple analysis, practical for general office use, so that the designer may be at ease with an economical solution when the use of bolted hanging connections is required. The bolted hanging connection can be more useful to the designer if a practical design procedure is available. Yield line analysis provides a solution, with due regard for superimposed longitudinal member stresses, for the most commonly encountered cases. Limitations are placed on the edge distance and on the proximity of bolt to web. The effect of prying force on fasteners is determined by accepted empirical formulas. Fasteners in long members are evaluated by analogy to the conventional (short member) case.
Floor Vibrations and Cantilevered Construction
Authors: Murray Thomas M. , Hendrick William E.
Published: April 2024

A previous paper by the senior author presented a design method to estimate the acceptability of a proposed floor system from the standpoint of occupant induced floor vibrations. The procedures developed therein are applicable only to steel beam-concrete slab floor systems where the beams can be considered simply supported at each end. However, some of the most severe vibration problems have occurred in construction involving free cantilevers, to which the proposed method of Ref. 1 is not applicable. The purpose of this paper is to present modifications to the method suggested in Ref. 1, so that cantilever floor systems and systems with overhanging beams can be analyzed for annoying floor vibrations. The modifications were verified by tests on seven floor systems reported in Ref. 2. One of the tested systems is used to demonstrate the suggested analysis procedure.