bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Síntese de Evidências para Políticas de Saúde: Prevenção e Controle do Pé Diabético na Atenção Primária a Saúde
Authors: Maria Silva Fernanda , Amaral Viana Maria Corina Amaral Viana , Otávio Maia Barreto Jorge , Mendes Sousa Nathan , Gomes da Penha Ana Aline
Published: May 2021

Trata-se de uma Síntese de Evidências cujo problema priorizado foi a prevenção e controle do pé diabético (PD) na Atenção Primá-ria a Saúde (APS). Utilizou-se a ferramenta SUPPORT (Supporting Policy Relevant Reviews and Trials) da Rede para Políticas Informa-das por Evidências. A busca pelas opções ocorreu em fevereiro de 2016 e foi atualizada em outubro de 2018, na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Health Systems Evidence, PubMed e Cochane Library. A estratégia de busca deu-se com os termos “pé diabético” and “prevenção”. A busca resultou em 41 textos e 11 foram seleciona-dos para análise. Quatro opções foram identificadas para o enfren-tamento do problema: a) capacitar profissionais da APS no rastre-amento de risco do pé diabético, na orientação para o autocuidado e na coordenação do cuidado de pessoas com diabetes mellitus; b) estimular o autocuidado mediante aferição diária da tempera-tura do pé; c) identificar e realizar o manejo clínico de condições pré-ulcerativas e deformidades nos pés, com encaminhamento a serviços de referência na rede assistencial; d) oferecer pacotes de intervenções complexas. As barreiras para as estratégias foram: não adesão dos pacientes ao autocuidado, sobrecarga e falta de motivação dos profissionais e fragilidades da rede assistencial. O PD é um importante problema de saúde pública que deve ser prio-rizado na agenda dos tomadores de decisão.
Revisão Rápida para informar a Política Nacional de Medicamentos Biológicos no SUS
Authors: Menezes Farinasso Cecilia , Borges Silva Roberta , Ferreira Leite Betânia , Gomes Fernandes Dalila , Kagure Wachira Virginia , Aguiar de Lima Aurelina , Fortunato Rêgo Daniela , Simões Camara Leão Luciana , Giaretta Sachetti Camile
Published: May 2021

Contexto: O gasto elevado com medicamentos biológicos ameaça a sustentabilidade dos serviços de saúde. O objetivo da presente re-visão rápida foi embasar a discussão da Política Nacional de Medi-camentos Biológicos no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), por meio da identificação de barreiras de acesso a esses medica-mentos. Metodologia: Revisão rápida da literatura nas fontes de infor-mação Medline via PubMed, EMBASE, Biblioteca Cochrane e Center for Review and Dissemination (CRD). Resultados: Foram incluídos nove estudos com delineamento transversal. No contexto do usuário, as barreiras foram a falta de conhecimento sobre o medicamento, a dis-tância entre a moradia e o serviço de saúde, os longos períodos de espera por atendimento e a passividade sobre decisão de tratamen-to. Para os profissionais de saúde, as barreiras referem-se a aceitabi-lidade em relação ao medicamento, intercambialidade e substituição, percepção de ausência de dados clínicos que favoreçam eficácia e segurança. No contexto do gestor, as barreiras foram alto custo do medicamento, problemas de reembolso e de assistência. Não foram encontradas barreiras no âmbito governamental do sistema de saúde nos estudos incluídos, apenas no âmbito privado, isto é, a proprieda-de industrial. Conclusão: Para que políticas de saúde sejam efetivas, é essencial o emprego de evidências científicas. São necessárias soluções para as barreiras de acesso de medicamentos biológicos.
Redução de danos no PROAD
Authors: Pollo-Araujo Maria Alice , Xavier da Silveira Dartiu
Published: May 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo fazer uma retrospectiva histórica do Programa de Orientação e Atendimento a Dependentes (PROAD) no que se refere à adoção de modelos de Redução de Danos no cuidado a dependentes químicos. Desde sua criação o Programa desenvolve atividades de assistência, ensino e prevenção sob a ótica da Redução de Danos. No rol dessas atividades estão os grupos de acolhimento, programas específicos de Redução de Danos (como, por exemplo, intervenções junto a usuários de drogas injetáveis), publicações para a àrea da saúde e pesquisas científicas que abordam uma ampla gama de temas, desde a substituição espontânea do crack pela cannabis entre dependentes, até a Redução de Danos no âmbito da prevenção em escolas.
Redução de danos e o trabalho de campo
Authors: Siqueira Domiciano , Mendes Alvaro
Published: May 2021

O artigo discute a estratégia de Redução de Danos e sua relação com o campo de trabalho do redutor. Seguindo uma linha histórica se analisa as diversas faces deste encontro, desde a formação do redutor até o envolvimento emocional com os usuários. Tratando a questão de direitos como prioritário para a aproximação e empoderamento dos atingidos pelas ações de Redução de Danos. Levanta ainda questões de fundo das exigências dos usuários nos equipamentos públicos de saúde, chegando a ponto de se colocar a abstinência total como questão fundamental para a frequência naqueles espaços. Por fim concluir que, após um período de entusiasmo e apoio, atualmente tais ações estão fragilizadas e intimidadas, quase sem apoio governamental e que somente existem graças a ações da sociedade civil, com fina sintonia junto a usuários e seus entornos sociais.
Comparación entre dos esquemas de inmunosupresión en pacientes con trasplante hepático en un hospital universitario en Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Morales-Ortiz Andrés Felipe , Luján-Ramos Marco Antonio , Donado-Gómez Jorge Hernando , Marín-Zuluaga Juan Ignacio
Published: May 2021

Introducción. El desarrollo de terapias inmunosupresoras en trasplante hepático ha sido uno de los aspectos fundamentales que ha permitido disminuir la presencia de rechazos y mejorar la supervivencia del injerto y de los pacientes. El presente estudio se hizo para conocer la efectividad de dos esquemas de tratamiento inmunosupresor en una cohorte de pacientes con trasplante hepático, entre 2006 y 2017, en un hospital universitario en Medellín, Colombia. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo donde se compararon dos esquemas de tratamiento inmunosupresor con ciclosporina (CsA) y azatioprina (AZA) versus tacrolimus (TAC) y micofenolato (MMF). Resultados. Se incluyeron 147 pacientes al estudio, 79 mujeres y 68 hombres, con una mediana de edad de 55 años. La tasa de incidencia de rechazo agudo en el grupo CsA/AZA fue de 7,3 y para el grupo TAC/MMF fue de 13,8, con una razón de tasas de 0,53 (IC95%=0,31-0,89) por cada 100 personas/año, siendo esta diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p=0,02). No hubo diferencias significativas entre los grupos con respecto a la presencia de rechazo crónico, supervivencia del injerto o de los pacientes. Con respecto a los efectos adversos asociados al tratamiento, solo hubo diferencia significativa en una mayor presencia de diarrea en el grupo TAC/MMF. Conclusión. Solo se encontró diferencia significativa en cuanto a un número mayor de rechazos agudos en el grupo tratado con TAC/MMF. Estos hallazgos están en concordancia con la experiencia local, en la que en pacientes seleccionados se puede utilizar este esquema, con buenos resultados clínicos y menores costos para el sistema de salud. Hasta el momento, esta es la primera cohorte retrospectiva de Colombia y Latinoamérica que realiza una comparación, como la expuesta.
Anormalidades de la vesícula biliar en hepatitis A: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Sierra-Vargas Elsy Cristina
Published: May 2021

El virus de hepatitis A es la causa más común de hepatitis viral aguda en el mundo. La infección en adultos produce un cuadro sintomático, agudo y autolimitado, pero se pueden presentar alteraciones extrahepáticas, como anormalidades en la vesícula biliar y pancreatitis aguda. Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 49 años con engrosamiento de las paredes de la vesícula biliar, atribuido en un principio a una neoplasia de la vesícula, cuya etiología ulterior fue la hepatitis A. Las anormalidades de la vesícula son un hallazgo frecuente en las hepatitis virales agudas, en especial por virus de hepatitis A. Los médicos deben estar familiarizados con esta manifestación extrahepática de la infección para no incurrir en exámenes innecesarios o tratamientos invasivos como la colecistectomía.
Utopia or Bust: Capitalocene, Method, Anti-Utopia
Authors: Suvin Darko
Published: May 2021

In the introduction to the 2015 reprint of her classical Partial Visions, Angelika Bammer cites the pithy injunction of the American poet and feminist thinker Adrienne Rich: “We need to imagine a world in which every woman is the presiding genius of her own body. In such a world women will truly create new life, bringing forth … the visions, and the thinking necessary to sustain, console, and alter human existence. … Sexuality, politics, intelligence, power, motherhood, work, community, intimacy will develop new meaning; thinking itself will be transformed.” Based on sustaining, consoling, and radically altering the present dire state of human existence, the author leads to two sets of initial arguments: Where Are We (in general), and What Are We (in particular) Doing Wrong. What follows are samples of possible answers, perhaps representative beyond themselves.
Span–conditioned allomorphy and late linearization: Evidence from the Classical Greek perfect
Authors: Schreiner Sylvia L. R.
Published: May 2021

Data from the perfect in Classical Greek provide empirical evidence for inwardly– and outwardly–sensitive span–conditioned allomorphy and indicate the need for a post–Vocabulary Insertion linearization process. The data also support the extremely late computation of the phonology of reduplicants. Perfect aspect in Classical Greek is realized via three distinct exponents: a reduplicative prefix, a suffix -/k/ (for some verbs) or stem allomorphy (for others), and a dedicated set of agreement suffixes. I argue that this case of Multiple Exponence results from one direct exponent of the Aspect[perfect] head and two cases of allomorphy at other nodes conditioned by spans that include the Aspect[perfect] head. The reduplicant is a Vocabulary Item (RED) that instantiates Aspect. Its phonology is determined after both Vocabulary Insertion and linearization. The -/k/ suffix is an outwardly–sensitive allomorph of Voice[active] conditioned by the span ⟨Aspect, Tense⟩, and perfect stem allomorphy in verbs that show it is conditioned by ⟨Voice, Aspect, Tense⟩. The agreement suffixes are inwardly–sensitive allomorphs conditioned by the span ⟨Voice, Aspect, Tense, Mood⟩. When taken together, the data indicate that Vocabulary Insertion must proceed cyclically, and that linearization must happen very late – after Vocabulary Insertion – since the realizations of both Voice[active] and AGR are conditioned by spans of hierarchically adjacent, rather than surface–contiguous, heads. The Greek data are essential for our understanding of the post–syntactic order of operations.
Student Outcomes in Online Courses: When Does Class Size Matter?
Authors: Thomas Rebecca , Ditto Stritto Mary Ellen
Published: May 2021

This quantitative study investigated the relationship between class size and student outcomes (final grades and DFW rates) in online higher education courses offered by a large, 4 year public institution in the United States. The following class size cut-off points were used: 8-15 vs. 16 or more students, 8-30 vs. 31 or more students, 8-40 vs. 41 or more students, and 8-50 vs. 51 or more students. Course level data included average final grades and DFW rates for 391 online undergraduate courses taught during the years 2017 and 2018. Significant results suggest that students earned higher grades in STEM (Science Technology Engineering Mathematics) and upper-division courses when online courses included 30 or fewer students. This suggests that it may be beneficial to limit certain kinds of courses to 30 students or fewer, as 30 students may be a tipping point where the benefits of smaller online classes wear off.
Revegetation of Critical Land with Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis) under Various Ameliorants Application
Authors: Yuwono Slamet Budi , Alawiyah Alawiyah , Riniarti Melya , Dermiyati Dermiyati
Published: May 2021

Rehabilitation of post-mining limestone soils is often a challenge due to a lack of nutrients and poor soil humus. The research aims to study the effect of various ameliorants on soil chemical properties, growth, and P uptake of gaharu plant (Aquilaria malaccensis) in post-mining limestone soil for revegetation of critical land. The research was conducted in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The treatments were P0 (Control, without ameliorant); P1 (Humic Acid, HA, 4 kg ha-1 ); P2 (Phosphate Rocks, PR, 350 kg ha-1 ); P3 (Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, AMF, 500 spores plant-1 ); P4 (HA+AMF); P5 (PR+AMF); and P6 (HA+PR+AMF). Data were analyzed using ANOVA at 95% confidence level and continued with the LSD test. The use of various types of ameliorants (HA, RP, and AMF) significantly increased root length, root volume, wet and dry weight of roots, shoot wet and dry weight, and P uptake of gaharu tree. The best ameliorant in increasing gaharu tree growth was AMF (P3) treatment, and AMF combined with HA (P4) treatment. Thus, for revegetation of critical land, especially post-mining limestone land, using gaharu tree requires HA and AMF inoculation.
Academic Deanship in a Post Pandemic Institution
Authors: Coll Kenneth M. , Ruch Charles P.
Published: May 2021

The challenges to higher education institutions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic are placing new and demanding pressures on the academic deanship. A leadership role focusing on guiding teams of professionals toward meeting internally defined goals now requires critical examination. This study analyzes the impact of the pandemic on higher education institutions and particularly the academic deanship. A model for the deanship in a post pandemic institution is included.
Waste Flooding: Ferramenta para Retaliação de Phishing
Authors: Leite Cristoffer , Gondim João , Barreto Priscilla , Alchieri Eduardo
Published: May 2021

O phishing é um tipo de ataque bem conhecido, mas que ainda é uma ameaça crescente. A popularidade da Internet potencializou as possibilidades de phishing, dando aos atacantes um grupo de novos instrumentos e permitindo um contato mais próximo ao seu foco, que é o usuário. Ao aplicar métodos de engenharia social, o phishing prospera pela desinformação. íE por isso que atualmente os principais métodos de resposta a phishing se concentram apenas em educar os usuários ou bloquear tentativas de phishing, sem nenhuma resposta para atrapalhar os ataques já implementados. Essas condições podem deixar os usuários desprotegidos, pois qualquer informação previamente vazada não pode ser rastreada para determinar quem sofreu phishing, deixando os dados comprometidos sem possibilidade de serem salvos ou facilmente detectados. Neste artigo, apresentamos e discutimos uma nova ferramenta de resposta que visa retaliar furtivamente, detectando automaticamente os formulários de phishing e os usando para confundir os bancos de dados de phishing.
Entendimento dos Controles e Possíveis Conflitos de Privacidade nas Redes Sociais Online
Authors: Costa Talita , Sergio Marbilia , Marin Regina
Published: May 2021

As Redes Sociais Online (RSOs) disponibilizam configurações para que o usuário defina seu perfil de privacidade. Na publicação com outros autores, as RSOs priorizam a regra de postagem do editor podendo gerar conflitos de privacidade. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o nível de entendimento do usuário sobre a configuração de privacidade e a percepção quanto aos controles e possível existência de conflito de privacidade nas RSOs, em especial quando ocorre o uso de TAG. Através da metodologia Survey obteve-se que as configurações de privacidade ainda são ineficientes e que há necessidade de se implementar uma estratégia nas RSOs para evitar conflitos.
Aprimorando a Segurança do Sistema de Votação CIVIS através da Geração Distribuída de Credenciais
Authors: Sobrinho Alberto , Araújo Roberto
Published: May 2021

O sistema de votação via Internet CIVIS possibilita aos votantes reagirem a ataque coercivos. Votantes recebem credenciais de votação legítimas e devem gerar credenciais falsas quando coagidos. A versão atual do sistema possui umaúnica autoridade responsável por gerar e entregar credenciais legítimas aos votantes. Como resultado, o sistema requer uma autoridade conﬁável para garantir a segurança do processo. A ﬁm de aprimorar a segurança do sistema, este trabalho propõem modiﬁcações no sistema CIVIS a ﬁm de possibilitar a geração distribuída de credenciais de votação.
Análise de Métodos para o Tratamento de Arquivos Falso-Positivos a partir de Ferramentas de Recuperação de Dados Digitais: Uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
Authors: Pereira Eric , Silva William , Bezerra Sandro , Araújo Josivaldo
Published: May 2021

O desenvolvimento da tecnologia tem gerado informações que precisam de armazenamento na forma de arquivos digitais, necessitando, assim, de dispositivos secundários. No entanto, esses arquivos podem ser deletados de forma intencional ou por acidente, motivando a sua recuperação. No processo de recuperação de dados em mídias digitais, além de recuperar os arquivos desejados, também são gerados arquivos denominados de falso-positivos. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar os resultados de uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura sobre a recuperação de dados digitais por meio de análise de ferramentas utilizadas nesse processo, bem como de técnicas e métodos usados no tratamento dos arquivos falso-positivos.
IdP4IoT: Autenticação de Dispositivos da IoT em Provedores de Identidades SAML
Authors: Wangham Michelle , Magno Allex , Cardoso Felipe
Published: May 2021

Internet of Things (IoT) covers hardware, software, and services infrastructure able to connect things to the Internet. Things need authentication for secure communication. Support for different authentication mechanisms for devices in the same infrastructure is an open problem in the context of IoT. This lightning talk describes a SAML Identity Provider able to authenticate IoT devices that is available for researchers at GIdLab from RNP. After authentication, IdP issues short-lived tokens in a portable and interoperable manner (SAML tokens).
eduroamIA: Inteligência Artiﬁcial Aplicada à Previsão de Eventos de Autenticação Federada no eduroam
Authors: Frank Lucas , Rego Rodrigo , Reis Calebe , Rocha Luciano , Silva Edelberto
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho avalia a utilização de predição de eventos críticos em um serviço de gestão de identidade federada em larga escala, o eduroam. O objetivo desta pesquisa é indicar ao administrador sobre possíveis anomalias relacionadas à autenticação de usuários e comportamento de autenticação das instituições. Algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina são aplicados tanto em modo ofﬂine quanto online. A partir dos registros reais do serviço RADIUS no nível da federação eduroam de usuários em roaming foi possível determinar um modelo de predição para o perﬁl de cada instituição. Os resultados mostram promissor avanço na área de análise de dados de grande massa para a área de gestão de identidade em um ambiente federado sem ﬁo com RMSE de 3.66 no melhor caso.
A Contribuição da RNP para a Conformidade dos Provedores de Identidade da Federação CAFe ao SIRTFI
Authors: Rodrigues Cristiane , Da Rocha Luciano , Ribeiro Rui
Published: May 2021

A Federação CAFe é um serviço da RNP e é largamente utilizada por docentes, discentes e pesquisadores de todo Brasil. Nesse artigo serão descritos os esforços para a elaboração de uma avaliação de segurança bem como a busca na conformidade ao SIRTFI.
Uso de Redes Blockchain em aplicações de Metrologia e Avaliação da Conformidade
Authors: Melo Jr. Wilson , Vieira André , Machado Raphael , Farias Claudio , Carmo Luiz
Published: May 2021

Trabalhos recentes tem proposto o uso de blockchains em diversas aplicações relacionadas à metrologia e avaliação de conformidade. No entanto, não há ainda relatos práticos da implementação de uma rede blockchain contemplando tais aplicações. O presente artigo propõe uma arquitetura de rede blockchain decentralizada e permissionada que atende essa necessidade. São discutidos os problemas que justiﬁcam o uso de blockchains, os detalhes da arquitetura proposta e as aplicações que podem se beneﬁciar da mesma.
Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Asthmatic Patients and Healthy People: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Lei Liping , Li Jiangfa , Liu Haihui , Mo Biwen
Published: May 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) between asthmatic patients and healthy individuals. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies on NLR among asthmatic patients and healthy people. Review Manager (RevMan) software was used for statistical analysis. Results: Six studies, including 1584 patients, were analyzed in this study. NLR was significantly different between asthmatic patients and healthy people. Conclusions: NLR in the peripheral blood of asthmatic patients was higher than that of healthy people. This result has certain clinical value in distinguishing asthma patients from healthy people.
Revisión sistemática de investigaciones sobre videojuegos bélicos (2010-2020)
Authors: Del-Moral-Pérez M.-Esther , Rodríguez-González Christian
Published: May 2021

Resumen: Se analiza la producción científica sobre videojuegos bélicos. La metodología se sustenta en una revisión sistemática de estudios extraídos de bases de datos (Scopus, Web Of Science y Google Scholar), mediante un meta-análisis, siguiendo criterios de PRISMA-P2015 para identificar los enfoques y metodologías empleadas. Se encontraron 37 estudios entre 2010-2020 en cuatro ámbitos: educativo, psicológico, sociológico o antropológico y tecnológico. Los resultados ofrecen un panorama polarizado, un sector los considera plataformas de propaganda militarista; otro apuesta por utilizarlos como un recurso didáctico, permitiendo la inmersión virtual en acontecimientos históricos; y los técnicos señalan la conveniencia de diseñar videojuegos educativos con el asesoramiento de historiadores para dotarlos de mayor fiabilidad, además de incorporar misiones gamificadas que potencien su jugabilidad. Sin embargo, se precisan estudios que profundicen en la oportunidad que ofrecen estos instrumentos para impulsar el pensamiento crítico y la reflexión frente a la guerra y el sufrimiento de las víctimas.Abstract: Scientific production on war videogames is analyzed. The methodology is based on a systematic review of studies extracted from databases (Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar), through a meta-analysis, following the criteria of PRISMA-P2015 to identify the approaches and methodologies used. Thirty-seven studies were found between 2010-2020 in four areas: educational, psychological, sociological or anthropological and technological. The results offer a polarized panorama, one sector considers them militarist propaganda platforms; another is committed to using them as a didactic resource, allowing virtual immersion in historical events; and the technicians point out the convenience of designing educational video games with the advice of historians to make them more reliable, in addition to incorporating gamified missions that enhance their playability. However, studies are needed to delve into the opportunity offered by these instruments to promote critical thinking and reflection in the face of war and the suffering of the victims.
The challenges and future development of animal welfare education in the UK
Authors: Muldoon JC , Williams JM
Published: May 2021

At present, UK schools are not required to teach children about animal welfare. This undoubtedly contributes to widespread deficiencies in knowledge, and misconceptions about animals’ needs, likes, and dislikes. Aware of the issues at hand, animal welfare organisations create their own materials for teachers to use, and/or deliver educational programmes directly to children and young people. As the design, content, processes and outcomes associated with these interventions are rarely documented publicly or systematically evaluated, there is little evidence to guide the development of animal welfare education. A three-stage online Delphi study was used to identify who current interventions target, what delivery methods are being used, and how expert practitioners describe priorities and challenges in the field. Thirty-one experts participated in Round 1, with 84% of the sample (n = 26) also taking part in Round 2. Qualitative analysis revealed passionate accounts about the far-reaching potential of educating children about animals. However, we also identified ambiguities and tensions that could thwart the future development of effective animal welfare education. Alongside the production of a web-based framework and evidence-based toolkit to support practitioners, findings will be used to encourage animal welfare professionals to work towards producing shared terminology, definitions, and outcomes’ frameworks; focusing on positive education and the idea of harm as opposed to cruelty. This should facilitate collaboration with schoolteachers and education policymakers to assess the ways in which animal welfare might be successfully incorporated within formal education in the future. These data suggest many potential avenues for inclusion, although a holistic approach emphasising the links between humans, animals and the environment, within the context of young people's recent activism and contemporary health, societal and environmental issues, may be most successful.
Recovery of consciousness and cognition after general anesthesia in humans
Authors: Mashour George A , Palanca Ben JA , Basner Mathias , Li Duan , Wang Wei , Blain-Moraes Stefanie , Lin Nan , Maier Kaitlyn , Muench Maxwell , Tarnal Vijay , Vanini Giancarlo , Ochroch E Andrew , Hogg Rosemary , Schwartz Marlon , Maybrier Hannah , Hardie Randall , Janke Ellen , Golmirzaie Goodarz , Picton Paul , McKinstry-Wu Andrew R , Avidan Michael S , Kelz Max B
Published: May 2021

Understanding how the brain recovers from unconsciousness can inform neurobiological theories of consciousness and guide clinical investigation. To address this question, we conducted a multicenter study of 60 healthy humans, half of whom received general anesthesia for 3 hr and half of whom served as awake controls. We administered a battery of neurocognitive tests and recorded electroencephalography to assess cortical dynamics. We hypothesized that recovery of consciousness and cognition is an extended process, with differential recovery of cognitive functions that would commence with return of responsiveness and end with return of executive function, mediated by prefrontal cortex. We found that, just prior to the recovery of consciousness, frontal-parietal dynamics returned to baseline. Consistent with our hypothesis, cognitive reconstitution after anesthesia evolved over time. Contrary to our hypothesis, executive function returned first. Early engagement of prefrontal cortex in recovery of consciousness and cognition is consistent with global neuronal workspace theory.
A novel ATP dependent dimethylsulfoniopropionate lyase in bacteria that releases dimethyl sulfide and acryloyl-CoA
Authors: Li Chun-Yang , Wang Xiu-Juan , Chen Xiu-Lan , Sheng Qi , Zhang Shan , Wang Peng , Quareshy Mussa , Rihtman Branko , Shao Xuan , Gao Chao , Li Fuchuan , Li Shengying , Zhang Weipeng , Zhang Xiao-Hua , Yang Gui-Peng , Todd Jonathan D , Chen Yin , Zhang Yu-Zhong
Published: May 2021

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is an abundant and ubiquitous organosulfur molecule in marine environments with important roles in global sulfur and nutrient cycling. Diverse DMSP lyases in some algae, bacteria, and fungi cleave DMSP to yield gaseous dimethyl sulfide (DMS), an infochemical with important roles in atmospheric chemistry. Here, we identified a novel ATP-dependent DMSP lyase, DddX. DddX belongs to the acyl-CoA synthetase superfamily and is distinct from the eight other known DMSP lyases. DddX catalyses the conversion of DMSP to DMS via a two-step reaction: the ligation of DMSP with CoA to form the intermediate DMSP-CoA, which is then cleaved to DMS and acryloyl-CoA. The novel catalytic mechanism was elucidated by structural and biochemical analyses. DddX is found in several Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Firmicutes, suggesting that this new DMSP lyase may play an overlooked role in DMSP/DMS cycles.
A new player in the dermis
Authors: Egawa Gyohei , Kabashima Kenji
Published: May 2021

Langerhans-like cells located in the dermis can travel to lymph nodes where they modulate immune responses.
Dimensional Assessment of the Heart in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients in Tertiary Care Hospitals
Authors: Shahrear Rayhan , Masum Mohiuddin
Published: May 2021

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is one of the most prevalent disorders responsible for sudden cardiac death. Presentation of the symptoms varies due to the degree of thickening, and functional ability of the cardiomyocytes. The aims of the current study were to assess the clinical features, and cardiac morphology. This was a descriptive study with some analytical components. Thirty-four adult HCM patients were included within a duration of four months by patient selection checklist. After informed written consent, relevant information was noted and analyzed. Frequency distribution of phenotypes were, 56% asymmetric septal hypertrophy, 29% concentric hypertrophy, and 15% apical hypertrophy. Breathlessness and chest discomfort were present in 56% and 62% patients respectively, and higher in asymmetric septal HCM. Palpitation was very frequent in concentric HCM (90%). ECG revealed left ventricular hypertrophy in 85% of patients, and 79% of them had ST change. The interventricular septal thickness was narrower in apical type (14.80mm). The posterior wall thickness was higher in concentric HCM (19.20mm). The left atrial size was smaller in Concentric type(34.60mm).
Extra Intestinal Manifestations in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease, A Single Center Report from Iran
Authors: Dehghani Seyed Mohsen , Shahramian Iraj , Bazi Ali , Fereidouni Seyedeh Zeinab , Erjaee Asma , Salarian Leila
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disorder of unknown etiology categorized into three groups including Crohn disease (CD), ulcerative colitis [UC], and intermediate colitis (IC). In addition to gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, childhood IBD frequently present with extra GI manifestations. In present study, we aimed to determine extra GI symptoms in children with IBD in Iran. Methods: Children <18 years old with established IBD diagnosis referred to the Gastroenterology Clinic affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences during 2007-2017 were included. Results: Eighty-five children were assessed. CD and UC comprised 26 (30.6%) and 47 (55.3%) of the patients. The mean age was 14.09±2.5 years old with 50% of them were boys. The most frequent presenting complaint was rectal bleeding (37.2%). In patients with CD and UC, 30% and 29% of the patients represented at least one extra GI symptom. The most common extra GI manifestations were growth retardation (11.5%) and arthralgia (7.8%) in children with CD and UC respectively. Conclusions: Extra GI symptoms are relatively common in children with IBD. Caution should be taken to avoid confusion with other disorders and to timely manage these manifestations.
AndroAnalyzer: android malicious software detection based on deep learning
Authors: Arslan Recep Sinan
Published: May 2021

Background

Technological developments have a significant effect on the development of smart devices. The use of smart devices has become widespread due to their extensive capabilities. The Android operating system is preferred in smart devices due to its open-source structure. This is the reason for its being the target of malware. The advancements in Android malware hiding and detection avoidance methods have overridden traditional malware detection methods.

Methods

In this study, a model employing AndroAnalyzer that uses static analysis and deep learning system is proposed. Tests were carried out with an original dataset consisting of 7,622 applications. Additional tests were conducted with machine learning techniques to compare it with the deep learning method using the obtained feature vector.

Results

Accuracy of 98.16% was achieved by presenting a better performance compared to traditional machine learning techniques. Values of recall, precision, and F-measure were 98.78, 99.24 and 98.90, respectively. The results showed that deep learning models using trace-based feature vectors outperform current cutting-edge technology approaches.
Body composition and bone mineral density in athletes with a physical impairment
Authors: Cavedon Valentina , Sandri Marco , Peluso Ilaria , Zancanaro Carlo , Milanese Chiara
Published: May 2021

Background

The impact of the type and the severity of disability on whole-body and regional body composition (BC), and bone mineral density (BMD) must be considered for dietary advice in athletes with a physical impairment (PI). This study aimed to investigate the impact of the type and the severity of disability on BC, the pattern of distribution of fat mass at the regional level, and BMD in athletes with a PI.

Methods

Forty-two male athletes with spinal cord injury (SCI, n = 24; age = 40.04 ± 9.95 years, Body Mass Index [BMI] = 23.07 ± 4.01 kg/m2) or unilateral lower limb amputation (AMP, n = 18; age = 34.39 ± 9.19 years, BMI = 22.81 ± 2.63 kg/m2) underwent a Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry scan. Each athlete with a PI was matched by age with an able-bodied athlete (AB, n = 42; age = 37.81 ± 10.31 years, BMI = 23.94 ± 1.8 kg/m2).

Results

One-Way Analysis of Variance showed significant differences between the SCI, AMP and AB groups for percentage fat mass (%FM) (P < 0.001, eta squared = 0.440). Post-hoc analysis with Bonferroni’s correction showed that athletes with SCI had significantly higher %FM vs. the AMP and AB groups (25.45 ± 5.99%, 21.45 ± 4.21% and 16.69 ± 2.56%, respectively; P = 0.008 vs. AMP and P < 0.001 vs. AB). The %FM was also significantly higher in the AMP vs. the AB group (P < 0.001). Whole-body BMD was negatively affected in SCI athletes, with about half of them showing osteopenia or osteoporosis. In fact, the mean BMD and T-score values in the SCI group (1.07 ± 0.09 g/cm2 and −1.25 ± 0.85, respectively) were significantly lower in comparison with the AB group (P = 0.001 for both) as well as the AMP group (P = 0.008 for both). The type of disability affected BC and BMD in the trunk, android, gynoid and leg regions in SCI athletes and the impaired leg only in AMP athletes.

Conclusions

In conclusion, the type of disability and, partly, the severity of PI impact on BC and BMD in athletes with a PI. Nutritionists, sports medicine doctors, clinicians, coaches and physical conditioners should consider athletes with SCI or AMP separately. Athletes with a PI would benefit from specific nutrition and training programs taking into account the type of their disability.
Cellular Testicular Fibroma of Gonadal Stroma with Extensive Myoid Differentiation: A Mimicker of Testicular Leiomyoma
Authors: Rao Anuradha CK , Rahim Sanila , Hussain Nazran Akbar
Published: May 2021

Fibroma of the testis is a rare benign Sex Cord Stromal Tumour (SCST) of probable gonadal stromal origin, occurring in adult males. Characterised by slow and insidious growth, it is devoid of hormonal association and serum markers. Clinically, it can mimic seminoma and requires histopathological examination for identification. Microscopic characteristics include hypercellular spindle cell areas and hypocellular hyaline plaques. Authors report a case of a 41-year-old male presenting with complaints of lower abdominal pain and dysuria. Ultrasonography (USG) showed enlarged left testis with heterogenous echotexture. With a clinical diagnosis of testicular tumour, orchidectomy was performed. Histology showed a well circumscribed, encapsulated cellular neoplasm comprising of spindle and fusiform cells in fascicles, nodules and bundles. The cells showed fusiform vesicular nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm, focal epithelioid cells with grooved nuclei and occasional mitotic figure. Stromal collagen fibres and hyalinisation were noted. Testicular tissue was seen compressed peripherally. The tumour cells demonstrated positive reactivity for Smooth Muscle Actin (SMA), h-Caldesmon and inhibin, negative for S-100 and CD34 (Cluster of Differentiation) on Immunohistochemistry (IHC). Literature review helped in arriving at a diagnosis of cellular Testicular Fibroma (TF) with myoid differentiation. Testicular spindle cell lesions are rare, and comprise of different entities, one of which is TF. Histology and IHC are useful aids in diagnosis. Awareness of the differential diagnosis and the IHC markers can help in arriving at a conclusive diagnosis.
Unique Case of Mediastinal Teratoma with Unusual components
Authors: Deodhar Anand , Kulkarni Dinesh
Published: May 2021

Mature teratoma is a benign, slow growing tumour. It usually affect adults in 20-40 years of age. Teratomas with mature pancreatic tissue are extremely rare. There are only a few cases of teratoma containing mature pancreatic tissue that have been reported in literature. Authors report a case of a 25-year-old male having a large solid cystic anterior mediastinal mass, which on excision, histologically revealed large areas of mature pancreatic tissue along with squamous epithelium with sebaceous glands and keratin, pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium, mucin secreting glands, cartilage, pigment and other germ cell derived mature elements. This is a unique case with unusual microscopic findings in the form of predominant pancreatic and also brain tissue along with other elements.
Angioleiomyoma of the Uterus with Extensive Hyaline Degeneration- A Rare Case Report with Brief Review of Literature
Authors: Subbarayan Devi , Raghavan Vijayashree , Kumar Priyadharshini , Kandasamy Vijayalakshmi
Published: May 2021

Angioleiomyoma (AL) or vascular leiomyoma is a distinct variant of leiomyoma with prominent vascular component, usually occurs in extremities very rarely arise in internal organ. It has been documented in female genital tract including cervix, uterus, ovary and broad ligament. Uterine leiomyoma is very rare and distinct variant of conventional leiomyoma which has prominent vascular component. The diagnosis of this variant requires histopathological examination since it does not have specific clinical and radiological features unlike in soft tissues where it presents as subcutaneous painful swelling. Like conventional leiomyomyoma, AL can also undergo degenerative changes like hyalinisation, infarction, calcification and myxoid change. Here, a rare case of uterine AL with ovarian seromucinous cystadenoma is reported in a 38-year-old female who was diagnosed incidentally when she was evaluated for abnormal uterine bleeding. MRI pelvis revealed a intramural fibroid of size 5×4.5 cm noted in anterolateral myometrium of uterus and a large multiloculated cystic lesion of size 12.5×12.5×8.8 cm seen arising from left ovary. Abdominal hysterectomy was done. Grossly, sectioning of myometrium showed well circumscribed grey white to grey brown intramural fibroid measuring 4.5×3.5 cm. Histologically the lesion showed fascicles of spindle cells swirling around the thick walled blood vessels and immunohistochemically these cells were positive for Smooth Muscle Actin (SMA). Here, this rare case of uterine AL with brief review of literature is reported.
Predicting Significance of Blood Parameters in Diagnosis of Prostate Carcinoma in a Tertiary Center in Udaipur, Rajasthan
Authors: Mukhiya Gulshan Kumar , Mukhiya Geeta W , Jain Neelam , Jain Manisha , Mukhiya Khushi
Published: May 2021

Introduction: In development of cancer chronic inflammation plays a major role. Most established determinants of Prostate Carcinoma (PCa) are modern life style genetics, and age. In the first prostate biopsy, approximately 1 out 5 men i.e., 20% with PCa may be misdiagnosed. Therefore, there is clear requirement of novel markers, which can detect both clinically significant PCa, and prevent unnecessary biopsy. Some solid tumours found to have association of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelate to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and Red-cell Distribution Width (RDW).Aim: Aim of this study was to scrutinise the significance of association of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), PLR, NLR and RDW with PCa. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using the cross-sectional method in the Department of Pathology, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan between Jan 2018 to Nov 2020. In this cross-sectional study 84 patients who underwent Tran Rectal Ultrasound (TRUS) guided were included. Complete Blood Count (CBC) was used to determine PLR, NLR and RDW and biochemical test for PSA. Patients were divided into two groups; having benign and malignant pathology. Unpaired t-test, Mann-whitney U test, logistic regression analysis and correlation were performed for statistical analysis. Results: With the use of univariate logistic regression, association between PSA, NLR, PLR, RDW values and PCa detection was determined. We found that serum PSA was significantly more in the PCa group (as BPH and prostatitis are both benign conditions so are kept in nonPCa group) compared to other two groups (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in NLR, PLR and RDW values (p=0.150, p=0.070. p=0.441, respectively was found in nonPCa and PCa group). Conclusion: PSA has statistically significant association with PCa group but PLR, NLR and RDW was not considered to be the significant predictor in benign as well as malignant group.
PROJETO LINGUAGEM DO MOVIMENTO E EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Harbs Marília , Fontes Patrícia Neto , Dos Santos Maristela Pitz
Published: May 2021

A partir da crescente discussão do papel da Educação Física e de sua organização didático-pedagógica na Educação Infantil, este estudo tem como objetivo discutir, a partir da produção acadêmica na área da Educação Física na Educação Infantil, o Projeto Linguagem do Movimento do município de Blumenau - SC. A pesquisa é do tipo bibliográfica, tendo sido realizada análise documental. O citado projeto se fundamenta na psicomotricidade como uma forma auxiliadora da aprendizagem. O brincar é compreendido a partir de um viés pedagógico, visando o desenvolvimento de habilidades de aspecto psicomotor. Destaca-se a necessidade de compreender as crianças como detentoras de uma cultura própria, tendo a Educação Física o propósito de propiciar uma cultura corporal de movimento que não se paute unicamente no desenvolvimento motor.
TAREFAS DE ANÁLISE DE REGISTROS SEMIÓTICOS – AMPLIANDO A COMPREENSÃO MATEMÁTICA SOBRE MULTIPLICAÇÃO
Authors: Azerêdo Maria Alves , Arruda Thaline Cabral
Published: May 2021

Este artigo objetiva discutir a mediação pedagógica a partir de registros semióticos sobre o campo multiplicativo, produzidos pelos alunos. A pesquisa de campo ocorreu em uma escola pública, abrangendo duas turmas de 5º anos com o instrumento - ‘tarefas de análise de registros’. Tais tarefas foram compostas de situações-problema e quatro soluções abrangendo algoritmos formais e registros pictóricos a serem analisados. Concluímos que as tarefas desafiaram os estudantes a identificarem acertos e erros, por meio da coordenação entre registros semióticos, reflexão e raciocínio sobre significados das operações, constituindo-se em proposição didática para o ensino das operações aritméticas.
Growth and Yield Response of Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) to Inorganic Fertilisers at Luyengo, Middleveld of Eswatini
Authors: Mavimbela Ziyanda Precious , Mabuza Mzwandile , Tana Tamado
Published: May 2021

Groundnut is an important food and cash crop for smallholder farmers in Eswatini. However, its yield is very low partly due to poor soil fertility particularly calcium and phosphorus deficiencies associated with soil acidity. Thus, a field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different inorganic fertiliser types on growth and yield of groundnut. The treatments were: a control with no fertiliser, [2:3:2 (22) at 300 kg ha-1], single superphosphate (100 kg ha-1), calcium nitrate (120 kg ha-1) and a combination of calcium nitrate (120 kg ha-1) and single superphosphate (100 kg ha-1). A randomised complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used. Results showed highly significant (p<0.01) differences among the fertiliser types on most of the growth parameters recorded. At 90% flowering, significantly highest number of leaves per plant (48.3), the tallest plant (42.17 cm), the highest canopy width (41.47 cm), the highest number of branches per plant (6.57) and plant dry biomass per plant (20.6 g) were recorded for treatments with calcium nitrate followed by the application of combination of calcium nitrate and single superphosphate. Similarly, most of the yield components and yield were significantly (p<0.05) affected by the fertiliser types. Significantly highest numbers of total pods per plant (28.8), mature pods per plant (26.9), dry pod yield (950.6 kg ha-1), hundred seed mass (82.8 g), shelling percentage (70.6) and seed yield (671.6 kg ha-1) were recorded from a combination of calcium nitrate and single superphosphate fertiliser. Thus, combined application of 120 kg ha-1 calcium nitrate and 100 kg ha-1 single superphosphate fertilisers can be used to increase the productivity of groundnut in the study area.
Awareness, Knowledge and Risk Perception of COVID -19 among Dental Health Care Professionals and its Impact on Clinical Dental Practice and Oral Healthcare Delivery in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Shetty Shreya , Alhazmi Lama Saleh , Alrifai Juman Alhusain , Abuarab Raghad Khalid , Hamdi Nada Sami , Ponnan Soumya
Published: May 2021

Introduction: The outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has influenced every aspect of life. Healthcare professionals, especially dentists, are exposed to a higher risk of getting infected due to close contact with infected patients primarily through aerosol generated procedures. This study aimed to assess the awareness and risks of getting infected among dentists in the western region of Saudi Arabia, while working during the current novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. In addition, dentists’ knowledge about various practice modifications to combat COVID-19 cross infection and spread were evaluated.

Materials and Methods: A total of 329 participants including 123 males and 196 females responded to an online questionnaire consisting of 30 questions, which was circulated among all kinds of dental healthcare professionals through social media and e-mails after obtaining approval from the institutional ethical committee.

Results: Chi square tests revealed significant differences when comparing the responses of the participants based on qualification with regard to key responses related to awareness and practice perceptions such as HEPA filters, pulse oximeter, wearing an N-95 mask, using a face shield, a High volume suction and rubber dam.(p<0.05)

Conclusion: Although, there were variations in responses among the various dental professionals, it can be concluded that it is important to ensure increased knowledge and awareness of covid -19 risks and transmission which is absolutely essential in dental practice to ensure optimal oral care during the ongoing pandemic.