bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ІНСТИТУЦІЙНА СПРОМОЖНІСТЬ ДЕРЖАВИ У ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ УТВЕРДЖЕННЯ ЗАСАД ІДЕОЛОГІЇ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ СПРАВЕДЛИВОСТІ В СУСПІЛЬСТВІ З УРАХУВАННЯМ ВОЄННИХ ТА ПОВОЄННИХ ЧИННИКІВ
Authors: Міщенко Вікторія Сергіївна
Published: February 2023

У статті проаналізована інституційна спроможність держави у забезпеченні утвердження засад ідеології соціальної справедливості в суспільстві з урахуванням воєнних та повоєнних чинників. Утвердження ідеології соціальної справедливості має базуватися на відповідних інститутах, які являтимуть собою певні норми, правила, соціально-економічного устрою. В українському законодавстві є багатократне посилання на принцип справедливості, проте, що саме за ними стоїть не конкретизується. Від того, які вихідні положення будуть покладені в основу ідеології соціальної справедливості залежатиме те, які рішення будуть прийматися, та як буде будуватися стратегія та тактика повоєнної відбудови. Розглянуто співвідношення ідеї свободи ринку та соціальної справедливості, зроблено висновок, що свобода ринку має бути обмежена мораллю, а солідарність суспільства має полягати у тому, щоби не використовувати війну у ринкових цілях. Встановлено, що утвердження ідеології соціальної справедливості в суспільстві на засадах правового регулювання економіки базуватиметься на здобутках наукових шкіл економіко-правового профілю. Проаналізовано, які саме підходи виявляються найбільш актуальними для соціально-економічної ситуації в Україні. Розглядаючи зазначені наукові підходи з позиції повоєнного відновлення України проаналізовано як окреслені проблемні питання можуть бути вирішені відповідно до тієї чи іншої концепції соціальної справедливості. Автором зроблено висновок, що утвердження ідеології соціальної справедливості у суспільстві на засадах правового регулювання економіки має бути реалізоване шляхом трансформації неформальних уявлень про соціальну справедливість у конкретні правові норми. Досягнення такої справедливості представляється неможливим без створення належного правового забезпечення, в основу якого має бути закладено ефективне державне регулювання.
Gambaran Pengetahuan Seksual Dan Perilaku Seksual Pranikah Pada Remaja Siswa-Siswi SMAN X Bekasi Utara
Authors: Novitasari Harni , Lastriyanti Lastriyanti
Published: February 2023

Latar Belakang: Masa remaja merupakan masa dimana seseorang menghadapi berbagai tantangan dan masalah baik itu masalah perkembangan maupun lingkungannya. Seksualitas menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang dialami oleh remaja, dimana masa remaja memiliki rasa ingin tahu yang sangat tinggi, serta berani mengambil resiko tanpa memikirkan secara matang. Pengetahuan menjadi salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan remaja melakukan perilaku seksual pranikah.

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan seksual terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah pada remaja siswa-siswi di SMAN X Bekasi Utara.

Metode: Menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan teknik simple random sampling didapatkan sampel 90 responden analisis akan dilakukan menggunakan uji chi-square.

Hasil: hasil penelitian menunjukan sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan seksual baik yaitu sebanyak 35,6%. Sebagian besar responden memiliki perilaku seksual pranikah dalam kategori baik yaitu sebanyak 37,8%. Berdasarkan hasil bivariat menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan seksual terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah (p-value = 0,004) pada remaja siswa-siswi SMAN X Bekasi Utara.

Kesimpulan: dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan seksual terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah pada remaja siswa-siswi SMAN X Bekasi Utara

Keywords: Pengetahuan Seksual, Perilaku Seksual Pranikah, Remaja
Tingkat Pengetahuan Pasien Tentang Faktor Predisposisi Penyakit Asma Di Puskesmas Tanah Tinggi Binjai
Authors: Handayani Irma , Syahputra Siregar Ilham , Prabowo Rendi
Published: February 2023

Asma adalah penyakit saluran napas dengan dasar inflamasi kronik yang mengakibatkan obstruksi dan hiperreaktivitas saluran napas dengan derajat yang bervariasi. Gejala klinis asma dapat berupa batuk, terdengar suara napas wheezing, sesak napas, dada terasa seperti tertekan yang timbul secara kronik dan atau berulang, cenderung memberat pada malam atau dini hari, dan biasanya timbul jika ada pencetus.. Asma dapat menimbulkan gangguan emosi seperti cemas dan depresi, menurunkan produktivitas seseorang akibat tidak masuk kerja atau sekolah, serta dapat menimbulkan kecacatan sehingga menurunkan kualitas hidup. Tujuan umum dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tentang tingkat pengetahuan pasien tentang faktor predisposisi penyakit asma di Puskesmas Tanah Tinggi Kota Binjai tahun 2022. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak  42 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel adalah total sampling.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan pasien tentang predisposisi penyakit asma di Puskesmas Tanah Tinggi Binjai Tahun 2022 mayoritas berada pada kategori “cukup” yaitu sebanyak 15 orang (36%). diharapkan bagi tenaga kesehatan di Puskesmas Tanah Tinggi Kota Binjai agar meningkatkan penyuluhan kepada penderita asma.
Analisis Faktor Risiko Gangguan Pendengaran Akibat Kebisingan Pada Karyawan Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Di PT AICE Sumatera Industri Sei Mangke, Simalungun, SUMUT
Authors: Fitriana Pakpahan Susan , Kanasia Situmorang Rufina , Ramadhani Saftrina
Published: February 2023

Aktivitas industri tidak lepas dari proses mekanik, dimana dari proses mekanik tersebut akan menghasilkan kebisingan. Kebisingan merupakan masalah utama pada kesehatan kerja di berbagai negara. Menurut WHO pada tahun 2014 menyatakan terdapat 466 juta orang di dunia yang mengalami ketulian. Berdasarkan survei awal yang dilakukan terdapat masalah gangguan pendengaran di bagian pengolahan cukup tinggi sebanyak 20 karyawan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko gangguan pendengaran akibat kebisingan pada karyawan pabrik kelapa sawit. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan pabrik kelapa sawit bagian pengolahan.Teknik pengambilan sampel penelitian ini adalah total population, yaitu seluruh karyawan pabrik kelapa sawit bagian pengolahan di PT Aice Sumatera Industry yang berjumlah 30 orang. Analisis menggunakan analisis univariat, analisis bivariat dengan statistik chi-square dan analisis multivariat. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu ada pengaruh intensitas kebisingan terhadap gangguan pendengaran p=0,009 < 0,05, ada pengaruh masa kerja terhadap gangguan pendengaran p=0,014 < 0,05, ada pengaruh lama paparan terhadap gangguan pendengaran p=0,008 < 0,05, ada pengaruh penggunaan alat pelindung telinga terhadap gangguan pendengaran p=0,007 < 0,05 di pabrik kelapa sawit bagian pengolahan PT Aice Sumatera Industry. Kesimpulan: dari penelitian ini adalah variabel intensitas kebisingan, masa kerja, lama paparan, alat pelindung telinga memiliki pengaruh terhadap gangguan pendengaran karyawan pabrik kelapa sawit PT Aice Sumatera Industry. Saran untuk responden untuk selalu mematuhi peraturan kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja yang telah ditetapkan.
Terapi Murottal Qur’an Surah Al-Fatihah Terhadap Tingkat Nyeri Anak Usia Sekolah Pada Saat Pemasangan Infus
Authors: Sharfina Dirayati , Yunita Sukma , Idris Syamsul , Melinda Maysani , Adawiyah Harahap Yuliatil
Published: February 2023

Pemasangan infus merupakan prosedur yang berhubungan dengan tindakan invasif  yang menggunakan benda tajam kedalam tubuh yang dapat menimbulkan rasa nyeri pada anak. Distraksi terapi murottal Qur’an surah Al-fatihah merupakan strategi nonfarmakologi yang dapat menrunkan nyeri. Tujuan  penelitian  ini  untuk  mengetahui  pengaruh  terapi  murrotal Qur`an dalam  menurunkan  tingkat  nyeri  pada  anak yang sedang dilakukan tindakan Invasif.

                Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Experimental Research dan Desain penelitian menggunakan Quasy Eksperiment dengan rancangan Posttest Only Non Equivalent Conrol Group dengan 32 responden (16 kelompok kontrol dan 16 kelompok intervensi) dan tehnik pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan tehnik accidental sampling. Penelitian  ini  menggunakan  analisis  statistik  uji  Wilcoxon  Signed  Ranks  Test.

Hasil penelitian pada kelompok intervensi terdapat 13 (81,2%) responden yang mengalami tingkat nyeri ringan, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol terdapat sebanyak 12 (75%) responden yang mengalami tingkat nyeri sedang. Hasil analisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan p = ,000 artinya H0 ditolak, sehingga ada pengaruh terapi Murrotal Qur`an Surah Al- Fatihah terhadap tingkat nyeri anak usia sekolah  pada saat pemasangan infus.

Kesimpulan penelitian  ini yaitu terapi  murrotal Qur`an surah Al-Fatihah dapat  menurunkan tingkat nyeri pada anak yang sedang dilakukan tindakan invasif. Penelitian  ini  bisa  dijadikan  sumber  referensi  di  bidang  non  farmakologis  untuk  menurunkan  skala  nyeri  pada  anak yang akan dilakukan tindakan invasif. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat diterapkan di rumah sakit yang berbasis islam sebagai manajemen nyeri non farmakologis.
Occurrence frequency of Kelvin‐Helmholtz instability assessed by global high-resolution radiosonde and ERA5 reanalysis
Authors: Shao Jia , Zhang Jian , Wang Wuke , Zhang Shaodong , Yu Tao , Dong Wenjun
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Kelvin Helmholtz instability (KHI) is most likely to be the primary source for clear-air turbulence that is of importance in pollution transfer and diffusion and aircraft safety. It is exemplarily indicated by the critical value of Richardson (Ri) number, which is typically taken as 1/4. However, Ri is fairly sensitive to the vertical resolution of the dataset: a higher resolution systematically leads to a finer structure. The study aims to evaluate the performance of ERA5 reanalysis (137 model levels) in determining KHI spatial-temporal variabilities, by comparing it against a near-global high-resolution (10-m) radiosonde dataset during years 2017 to 2022, and to further highlight the global climatology and dynamical environment of KHIs. Overall, the occurrence frequency of Ri < 1/4 in the free atmosphere is inevitably underestimated by the ERA5 reanalysis over all climate zones, compared to radiosonde, due largely to the severe underestimation in wind shears. Otherwise, the occurrence frequency of KHI indicated by Ri < 1 in ERA5 is climatologically consistent with that from radiosondes in the free troposphere, especially over the midlatitude and subtropics in the Northern/Southern Hemisphere. Therefore, we infer that the threshold value of Ri should be approximated as 1, rather than 1/4, when using ERA5 for the KHI estimation. KHI occurrence frequencies revealed by both datasets exhibit significant seasonal cycles over polar, midlatitude, and subtropics regions, and they are consistently strong at heights of 10–15 km in the tropic region. In addition, the frequency at low-levels is positively correlated with the standard derivation of orography, and it is exceptionally strong over the Niño 3 region at heights of 6–13 km. Furthermore, the dynamical environment of KHI favors strong wind shears probably induced by the mean flows and the propagation of orographic or non-orographic gravity waves.
Improvement of online monitoring technology based on the Berthelot reaction and long path absorption photometer for the measurement of ambient NH3: Field applications in low-concentration environments
Authors: Tian Shasha , Zu Kexin , Dong Huabin , Zeng Limin , Lu Keding , Chen Qi
Published: February 2023

Abstract. In the last few decades, various techniques, including spectroscopic, wet chemical and mass spectrometric methods, had been developed and applied for the detection of gaseous ammonia (NH3). We developed an online NH3 monitoring system (SAC-LOPAP) based on Berthelot reactions and a long path absorption photometer (LOPAP), which could run statically for a long time and be applied to the continuous online measurement of low concentrations of ambient air by optimizing the reaction conditions, adding a constant temperature module and liquid flow controller. The detection limit reached with this instrument was 40.5 ppt under stable conditions. In addition, the range of NH3 measurement varied from background contamination (<40.5 ppt) to approximately 100 ppb in the current condition (a stripping liquid flow rate of 0.49 ml min-1 and a gas sample flow rate of 0.70 L min-1). An inter-comparison of our system with another established system in a field campaign in Beijing was presented, and the results showed that the two instruments had good correlation, indicating that the SAC-LOPAP involved in this study could be used for the accurate measurement of NH3.
Drought increase since the mid-20th century in the northern South American Altiplano revealed by a 389-year precipitation record
Authors: Morales Mariano S. , Crispín-DelaCruz Doris B. , Álvarez Claudio , Christie Duncan A. , Ferrero M. Eugenia , Andreu-Hayles Laia , Villalba Ricardo , Guerra Anthony , Ticse-Otarola Ginette , Rodríguez-Ramírez Ernesto C. , LLocclla-Martínez Rosmery , Sanchez-Ferrer Joali , Requena-Rojas Edilson J.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Given the short span of instrumental precipitation
records in the South American Altiplano, longer-term hydroclimatic records
are needed to understand the nature of climate variability and to improve
the predictability of precipitation, a key natural resource for the
socioeconomic development in the Altiplano and adjacent arid lowlands. In
this region grows Polylepis tarapacana, a long-lived tree species that is very sensitive to
hydroclimatic changes and has been widely used for tree-ring studies in the
central and southern Altiplano. However, in the northern sector of the
Peruvian and Chilean Altiplano (16–19∘ S)
still exists a gap of high-resolution hydroclimatic data based on tree-ring
records. Our study provides an overview of the temporal evolution of the
late-spring–mid-summer precipitation for the period 1625–2013 CE at the
northern South American Altiplano, allowing for the identification of wet or
dry periods based on a regional reconstruction from three P. tarapacana chronologies. An
increase in the occurrence of extreme dry events, together with a decreasing
trend in the reconstructed precipitation, has been recorded since the 1970s
in the northern Altiplano within the context of the last ∼4 centuries. The average precipitation over the last 17 years stands out
as the driest in our 389-year reconstruction. We reveal a temporal and
spatial synchrony across the Altiplano region of dry conditions since the
mid-1970s. Independent tree-ring-based hydroclimate reconstructions and
several paleoclimatic records based on other proxies available for the
tropical Andes record this synchrony. The influence of El Niño–Southern
Oscillation (ENSO) on the northern Altiplano precipitation was detected by
our rainfall reconstruction that showed past drier conditions in our study
region associated with ENSO warm events. The spectral properties of the
rainfall reconstruction showed strong imprints of ENSO variability at
decadal, sub-decadal, and inter-annual timescales, in particular from the
Pacific NIÑO 3 sector. Overall, the recent reduction in precipitation in
comparison with previous centuries, the increase in extreme dry events and
the coupling between precipitation and ENSO variability reported by this
work is essential information in the context of the growing demand for water
resources in the Altiplano. This study will contribute to a better
understanding of the vulnerability and resilience of the region to the
projected evapotranspiration increase for the 21st century associated with
global warming.
Extratropical circulation associated with Mediterranean droughts during the Last Millennium in CMIP5 simulations
Authors: Kim Woon Mi , González-Rojí Santos J. , Raible Christoph C.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Knowing that internal climate variability is the principal driver of Mediterranean droughts during the last millennium, in this study, we investigate circulation patterns in the Euro-Atlantic domain associated with multi-year droughts over the Mediterranean region in CMIP5-PMIP3 and CESM-LME simulations. The focus is on the natural variability of droughts during 850–2005, thus excluding the anthropogenic trends from 1850 CE onward. The results re-confirm that Mediterranean drought occurrence during the last millennium is associated with internal variability. In terms of the temporal variability, all climate models exhibit a multi-decadal anti-phase occurrence of droughts between the western and eastern Mediterranean agreeing with some proxy records. This anti-phase occurrence of droughts can be explained by the dominant circulation patterns in each region: western Mediterranean droughts are dominated by a high-pressure system and ridge over central Europe and an NAO-like pattern, while eastern Mediterranean droughts are linked to positive pressure anomalies in the southern and eastern Mediterranean, negative NAO, negative EA and EA-WR-like patterns. However, these modes of climate variability are strongly model-dependent, i.e. each model has its preferred circulation patterns that occur more frequently during droughts, suggesting that the main drivers of droughts differ between the models. The models' preference is therefore a potential source of uncertainties in Mediterranean droughts in model-proxy comparison and may have implications for future climate projections.
Using ice core measurements from Taylor Glacier, Antarctica, to calibrate in situ cosmogenic 14C production rates by muons
Authors: Dyonisius Michael N. , Petrenko Vasilii V. , Smith Andrew M. , Hmiel Benjamin , Neff Peter D. , Yang Bin , Hua Quan , Schmitt Jochen , Shackleton Sarah A. , Buizert Christo , Place Philip F. , Menking James A. , Beaudette Ross , Harth Christina , Kalk Michael , Roop Heidi A. , Bereiter Bernhard , Armanetti Casey , Vimont Isaac , Englund Michel Sylvia , Brook Edward J. , Severinghaus Jeffrey P. , Weiss Ray F. , McConnell Joseph R.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Cosmic rays entering the Earth's atmosphere produce showers of secondary particles such as protons, neutrons, and muons. The interaction of these particles with oxygen-16 (16O) in minerals such as ice and quartz can produce carbon-14 (14C). In glacial ice, 14C is also incorporated through trapping of 14C-containing atmospheric gases (14CO2, 14CO, and 14CH4). Understanding the production rates of in situ cosmogenic 14C is important to deconvolve the in situ cosmogenic and atmospheric 14C signals in ice, both of which contain valuable paleoenvironmental information. Unfortunately, the in situ 14C production rates by muons (which are the dominant production mechanism at depths of >6 m solid ice equivalent) are uncertain. In this study, we use measurements of in situ 14C in ancient ice (>50 ka) from the Taylor Glacier, an ablation site in Antarctica, in combination with a 2D ice flow model to better constrain the compound-specific rates of 14C production by muons and the partitioning of in situ 14C between CO2, CO, and CH4. Our measurements show that 33.7 % (±11.4 %; 95 % confidence interval) of the produced cosmogenic 14C forms 14CO and 66.1 % (±11.5 %; 95 % confidence interval) of the produced cosmogenic 14C forms 14CO2. 14CH4 represents a very small fraction (<0.3 %) of the total. Assuming that the majority of in situ muogenic 14C in ice forms 14CO2, 14CO, and 14CH4, we also calculated muogenic 14C production rates that are lower by factors of 5.7 (3.6–13.9; 95 % confidence interval) and 3.7 (2.0–11.9; 95 % confidence interval) for negative muon capture and fast muon interactions, respectively, when compared to values determined in quartz from laboratory studies (Heisinger et al., 2002a, b) and in a natural setting (Lupker et al., 2015). This apparent discrepancy in muogenic 14C production rates in ice and quartz currently lacks a good explanation and requires further investigation.
Research Experience of Medical Students Collaborating in an International Peer Research Mentorship Program
Authors: Shah Purva C. , Patel Kajal , Suvarna Akshata K. , Zulfiqar Aysha , Ashok Tejaswini , Siddiqui Amna
Published: February 2023

Research and research teachings worldwide have undergone significant changes with advancements in the past decade. From students actively seeking research opportunities to participating in research workshops, it has given rise to a new era of mentor-mentee programs. The peer research mentorship program (PRMP) conducted by International Society for Chronic Illnesses (ISCI) facilitates a global collaboration that not only improves the quality of research but also encourages interpersonal relationships and incorporates expertise from different fields. In this article, medical students and early graduates share their experience of participating in a cross-country peer-to-peer mentorship and comment on their learnings and observations. This is an experience report of mentors and mentees in the ISCI sponsored PRMP. Mentees learned a lot about metabolic syndrome, alternative medicine, and narrative reviews and the mentor became more confident in her scientific writing skills, leadership qualities while also gaining in-depth knowledge about the integrative management of Metabolic Syndrome.
Elective Courses in Global Surgery for Undergraduate Medical Students: A Narrative Review and a Proposal for European Universities
Authors: Rossi Giovanni , Fusato Gioele , Scirocco Tindara , Rodi Paolo , Villa Simone , Raviglione Mario C. B.
Published: February 2023

Global surgery (GS) is the discipline of improving health by expanding universal access to surgical care. GS is an essential part of the global health (GH) concept, but it is almost invariably neglected in academic settings. This review assesses the engagement of undergraduate medical students in the field of GS. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched with focus on electives organized by universities and only eight results were found. The scientific literature on this topic is scarce and uneven, and the number of students involved in these experiences is considerably low. Although few, the existing electives prove that building sustainable and useful GS projects is possible and that both students from high-income countries (HICs) and low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) can extensively benefit from these experiences. Given the currently low involvement of European universities and medical schools, of which the authors are part, this review aims at encouraging European universities to organize GS electives for their students. In addition, this review suggests key activities to undertake in such electives including theoretical sections, research projects, and bilateral international rotations between HICs and LMICs.
‘First, Do No Harm'… A Call to Re-evaluate the Wellbeing of Healthcare Staff
Authors: Papalois Kyriaki-Barbara
Published: February 2023

‘Primum non nocere’ or ‘do no harm’ is the timeless Hippocratic mantra instilled in every healthcare professional at the beginning of their career.  It is the ethical compass which guides all decision making in healthcare working in the best interests of patients to give them the best possible treatment and quality of life. This vocation of course does not  come without its  challenges, long working hours, stress, time constraints  and demands which affect the professional and personal life of healthcare workers and in some instances their own health and wellbeing. It is time to raise the profile of this truth and call for ways to practically encourage health professionals to make  their well being  a priority too.
Assessment Awareness of Breast Cancer Signs, Risk Factors, and Barriers: An Online Cross‑Sectional Study in Syria
Authors: Bohsas Haidara , Swed Sarya , Alibrahim Hidar , Sawaf Bisher , Elsayed Mohamed
Published: February 2023

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), breast cancer (BC) is women's most common type of cancer. In LAMICs, breast cancer incidence is low. However, a lack of information about the signs and symptoms of breast cancer potentially results in the disease's progression to life-threatening stages.This study aimed to determine the levels of breast cancer symptom awareness among Syrian women and to identify the variables associated with a high level of awareness.

 

Methods: From 3 September 2022 to 27 September 2022, Syrian women participated in an online cross-sectional survey to measure their knowledge about breast cancer, risk factors, and symptoms. This survey was derived from previous research that included a comprehensive, authorized scale. The admission requirement was 18-year-old or older Syrian women from all Syrian governorates. The questionnaire was divided into two portions; the first component included sociodemographic characteristics. Based on the original BCAM scale, the second portion assessed the participant's knowledge of breast cancer symptoms, risk factors, and obstacles. Using the IBM SPSS V. 28.0 software, descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed on the data.

 

Results: Among 1305 study participants, the mean age and standard deviation of the individuals were 30.7 and 11.2, respectively. Students constituted almost three-quarters (75.2%) of the study respondents. The average level of knowledge about risk factors was higher among women with chronic diseases (Mean = 4.44, SD = 2.176), whereas jobless people had a higher average level of information regarding obstacles than other subgroups of practical circumstances. In addition, single women scored higher on the barrier comprehension scale than other marital status groups (mean=3.34, SD=2.32). Only two variables, including age and educational level, were statistically significant in predicting an acceptable degree of knowledge of the risk factors for breast cancer. Participants with a PhD were more aware than other educational subgroups (P-value 0.05; OR =6.186). Participants with a PhD. are projected to be 6.18 times more aware of breast cancer risk factors than those with lower levels of education. Women with chronic conditions were 1.84 times more likely than others to be aware of breast cancer barriers. 

 

Conclusion: Our findings indicate that Syrian females have a poor to moderate knowledge of breast cancer symptoms, risk factors, and barriers. It is proposed that more breast cancer awareness campaigns be conducted and that yearly screening programs be improved to combat the late detection of this illness. Social media and television might be effective venues for raising awareness of breast self-examination and early identification of symptoms.
الاحتياجات التدريبية للعاملين في المكتبات في ظل البيئة الرقمية - المكتبة المركزية لجامعة الموصل أنموذجاً
Authors: شيماء هاشم يوسف
Published: February 2023

تسلط الدراسة الضوء على الاحتياجات التدريبية للعاملين بالمكتبات في البيئة الرقمية ومفهومها وما هي الاحتياجات التدريبية لهم، وهل توجد دورات تدريبية لهم ومن المسؤول عن هذه الدورات، وما هي الحواجز والمعوقات والمشاكل التي تواجه العاملين في المكتبة في البيئة الرقمية من خلال إجراء هذه الدراسة على المكتبة المركزية لجامعة الموصل، وهدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على المهارات التي يضيفها التدريب للعاملين في البيئة الرقمية وتحديد احتياجاتهم التدريبية ومعرفة المؤهلات العلمية والوظيفية التي يحتاجها العمل في البيئة الرقمية واستخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي المسحي التحليلي لملائمته لهذا النوع من الدراسات، وقد اعتمدت الدراسة على العينة العمدية لجمع البيانات من العاملين في البيئة الرقمية في المكتبة المركزية لجامعة الموصل، واستخدمت الاستبانة كأداة رئيسية لجمع البيانات، وخرجت الدراسة بمجموعة نتائج أبرزها أن الغالبية العظمى من افراد العينة أكدوا بأنهم بحاجة للتدريب في البيئة الرقمية حيث أتت بأعلى نسبة بلغت 86.95% في حين بينت الدراسة أن أهم الدورات والبرامج التي يفضلون التدريب عليها هي الفهرسة على الخط المباشر والمعالجة الآنية للمعلومات ومصادر المعلومات الرقمية والتعامل معها. كما دعت الباحثة إلى التعرف على الاحتياجات التدريبية للعاملين في البيئة الرقمية قبل وضع برامج الدورات التدريبية لهم حتى تتمكن المكتبة من التعرف على الحاجة الحقيقية للعاملين في هذه البيئة وتوفير البرامج والدورات المناسبة لهم وحسب حاجتهم، واكدت أيضا على إيجاد كافة السبل والوسائل للتغلب على كافة الحواجز والمعوقات والمشاكل التي تعترض العاملين في البيئة الرقمية سواء بدراستها وإيجاد الحلول لها أو بمعالجة هذه المشاكل بالتعاون مع جهات مختصة بهذا المجال ولها خبرة في مجال العمل الرقمي.
The Role of Self- and Peer-Assessment Tools in Promoting Learners’ Autonomy
Authors: Rezhna Qasim Mohammed  , Qismat Mohammed Hussein
Published: February 2023

New forms of assessment as self- and peer-assessment become popular all over the world recently for the purpose of increasing learners’ responsibility in EFL classrooms, and also to enable target language learners to work inside and outside of the classroom environment autonomously to improve their language performance especially in writing skill. The study aims to investigate EFL teachers’ perspectives about the effect of self- and peer- assessment tools in promoting learner autonomy in writing. To achieve this aim, an unstructured interview with five questions is administrated over four teachers of writing modules in English department. The results of the collected data show that the majority of teachers believe that learner autonomy is available in writing classes and this autonomy can be instilled more effectively with the use of self and peer-assessment. However, the teachers did not conceal the fact that self- and peer-assessment are time and effort consuming.
Optimising the Investor's Portfolio through Modern Portfolio Theory: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Faisal Maqbool  , Husnain Muhammad
Published: February 2023

Diversification is considered a way to lower investment risk by using a variety of investment avenues. The objective of this study is to compare the portfolio performance based on mean-variance optimisation with a naively diversified portfolio for textile spinning stocks in the Pakistan country. The data period of study spans from January 2015 to April 2022. The result shows that portfolios based on naïve diversification strategies outperformed the mean-variance portfolio optimisation in terms of risk and return for the textile sector in Pakistan. Of all the 9 variance-covariance estimators, the portfolio of sample and single index covariance technique is optimal for estimating variance-covariance matrices based on low RMSE (root mean square error) in Pakistan. This study extends the debate on mean-variance portfolio theory and naïve diversification strategy from the developed economy to the emerging equity market of Pakistan. This research contributes by providing the framework to the potential investors regarding their investments in the textile sector in Pakistan.
On a new generalized Tsallis relative operator entropy
Authors: Tarik Lahcen , Chergui Mohamed , El Wahbi Bouazza
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we present a generalization of Tsallis relative operator entropy defined for positive operators and we investigate some related properties. Some inequalities involving the generalized Tsallis relative operator entropy are pointed out as well.
A novel IVGTT model including interstitial insulin
Authors: Jin Jun , Li Jiaxu , Xu Rui , Yu Lei , Jin Zhen
Published: February 2023

Minimal Model (MM) is the top-scoring model for assessing physiological characteristics to diagnose the potential or onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) for the past four decades. Nevertheless it has been arguable that MM method either overestimates glucose effectiveness (GE) or underestimates insulin sensitivity (IS) in some cases by both biologists through in vivo experiments and mathematicians by analysis and/or simulations. We propose a novel model including the interstitial insulin according to physiology and adapted from the well accepted Sturis’ model for the glucose-insulin metabolic system suitable to the IVGTT setting. Our model consistently overcomes the aforementioned defects in a subgroup of subjects. In addition, the variable X for insulin action in MM might be appropriately interpreted as an increment of insulin in the interstitial space in response to the bolus stimulus, rather than being proportional to the interstitial insulin as believed.
AKUNTANSI SOSIAL SEBAGAI ALAT BANTU PELAPORAN PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN SOSIAL PERUSAHAAN (CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY)
Authors: Burhany Dian Imanina
Published: February 2023

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a central issue in business nowdays. Because of pressure of their stakeholder in one side and with understanding about the important of CSR for sustainability in the other side, most firms now not only care about ec onomic asspect of their business but also care about other aspects that are social and environmental or many others else that are affected by firms operational. To disclose and report CSR, firms need social accounting. Social accounting can help firms in formulating and generating corporate social reporting so that stakeholder can read, evaluate and mak e important decisions about the firms.
ANALISA PENGGUNAAN ALTMAN’S Z-SCORE UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI KEBANGKRUTAN PERUSAHAAN (STUDI KASUS PADA PT. BANK PERMATA, Tbk)
Authors: Marsenne Maureen
Published: February 2023

Altman set thresholds for measurement with the Z Score, all companies those with a Z Score greater than 2.99 are classified as non-bankrupt companies. Companies that have a Z score between 2.7 to 2.99 show little indication problem (though not serious). Companies that have a Z Score between 1.8 to 2.69 gives an indication if the company does not make radical improvements, the company may experience the threat of bankruptcy within two years and, Z Score below 1.8 shows an indication that the company is facing the threat of bankruptcy seriously and investors and creditors should be careful in making investments. Although the results shown show the value described, there is the limitations of Altman's Model Z Score so that it can be used more further in Indonesian banking it is necessary to make adjustments to the constants used for each variable so that it can be more precisely used to predict bank bankruptcy in Indonesia.
DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONAL LITERACY AMONG STUDENTS IN PREPARATION FOR INTELLECTUAL COMPETITIONS IN BIOLOGY
Authors:   Pavlodar Pedagogical University, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan, Korogod N.P. , Zhumataeva S.E.
Published: February 2023

The issue of schoolchildren's functional literacy development is the main topic of the study, which is based on pedagogical literature. Analysis and testing are done on the outcomes of students both before and after the application of test tasks influencing the development of functional literacy in schoolchildren. The following characteristics of how these tasks affected the intellectual kids in two classes are taken into consideration: 8 and 10 In order to be prepared for the intellectual competitions in biology, it is found that complicated tasks have an impact on the growth of functional literacy. The style of inquiry was used with pupils between the ages of 14 and 16. The level of FL students was found to be impacted by tasks for the development of functional literacy.
Effectiveness of Mechanical Lumbar Traction Positional Variations in Patients with Low Back Pain
Authors: Murugan Girija , Sharon R Sheeba , Krishna Kumar A.K. Vijay
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common causes of disability among the general population. Lumbar traction is an application of distraction force to produce a separation of the joint and elongate the soft tissues. Unilateral mechanical lumbar traction focuses on one side of the spine to maximize the effect of traction.
OBJECTIVE: To study the effectiveness of Unilateral Mechanical Lumbar Traction and to compare the effectiveness of Mechanical Lumbar Traction positional variations in patients with low back pain.
METHODOLOGY: 20 Patients with low back pain were selected and divided into two groups based on the selection criteria. Group A received Unilateral Lumbar Traction along with Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and Patient specific exercises and Group B received Conventional lumbar traction along with Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and Patient specific exercises. Numerical Pain rating scale and active lumbar flexion and lumbar extension range of motion using Modified-modified Schober test were used as outcome measures for pre and post treatment.
RESULT: On comparing pre to post intervention values in Group A and Group B, there was significant improvement in terms of pain in group A than group B and Lumbar ROM does not vary significantly between both the groups.
CONCLUSION: The present study concluded that group A (Unilateral mechanical lumbar traction) showed more improvement in terms of pain, but lumbar ROM did not vary between the groups. The study concluded that both the groups showed average improvement in terms of pain and lumbar ROM and there was no statistically significant difference between the groups.

Key words: Low back pain, Unilateral Mechanical Lumbar Traction, TENS
Assessment of Health Aspects of Tribal Adolescent Girls in India's Most Populous Tribal State: A Two-Decadal Review
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Kumar Vivek , Tirkey Ankit
Published: February 2023

Madhya Pradesh is India's largest tribal population state, with 46 tribal groups accounting for 21.1% of the total population. While numerous studies on tribal health in general were conducted, research on the health risks coverage of adolescent girls in Madhya Pradesh was inadequate. This paper aimed to identify the current health delinquencies of tribal adolescent girls living in Madhya Pradesh. In the present study, 23 research papers published from 1st January, 2000 to 18th July, 2022 were selected for review, while another 38 papers were reviewed to understand the background of adolescent health issues. The papers for review were selected by applying certain criteria in accordance with the study objective. Google Scholar and the PubMed database were used to search for relevant research articles, and the final selection was done after an in-depth reading and suitability of the subject. Major health risks are identified as anaemia and IFA supplementation, reproductive health, malnutrition, and menstrual hygiene. High proportion of anaemia (52%-94%) was observed. Rate of underweight (20.1% to 72.7%), wasting (9% to 61.1%), and stunting (20.1% to 32.3%) indicated undernutrition among adolescence girls. Girls were infected by Human Papillomavirus and Sexually Transmitted Disease. Limited knowledge on Human Immunodeficiency Virus, contraceptive methods, and sexual routes of transmission were found among tribal girls. Low birth weight babies as a result of early marriage and stillbirth were major concerns among adolescent tribal girls. The analysis revealed that lack of information on health services, social-cultural factors and deprivation from health care access are responsible for unfortunate health situation of tribal girls. More comprehensive studies with a holistic approach on identified issues are essential for effective adolescent friendly policy implication in favour to improve prospective health.

Key words: [Health Risk, Tribes, Adolescent Girls, Anaemia, Undernutrition, Madhya Pradesh]
Risk Factors Associated with Abnormal Semen Parameters: Case-Control Study at a Tertiary Hospital in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Shah Deepa , Basnet Pritha , Chhetry Manisha
Published: February 2023

Background: Infertility is a global problem. Male factors are estimated to be the cause of up to 50% of infertility cases. A variety of identiﬁable and reversible etiological factors are involved in male factor infertility. This study aimed to compare the risk factors in men who have abnormal semen parameters with those with normal parameters.
Methodology: This was a case-control study. The male partners of the infertile couples presenting for infertility evaluation were advised for semen analysis and based on the report they were divided into control (normal parameters) and case (abnormal parameters) groups. A detailed interview of each subject was conducted focusing on risk factors causing different semen parameter abnormalities and the risk factors in both groups were compared.
Results: There were 50 subjects in each group. The mean age was 31.02 ± 5.183 years and the mean BMI was 24.824 ± 2.438 kg/m2. The mean duration of infertility for those in the case group was significantly higher (p-value 0.006). Mean sperm concentration and sperm motility were 33.492 ± 30.306 million/ml and 38.1% ± 18.893 respectively. 40 subjects had oligozoospermia and 36 had asthenozoospermia. Age (OR1.464), the habit of cigarette smoking (OR 37.946), and the presence of past medical conditions (0R 534.82) were significantly associated with abnormal semen parameters. Service-holder men were significantly less likely to develop semen abnormalities (OR 0.087).
Conclusion: Age, cigarette smoking, and presence of past medical history are associated with abnormal semen parameters thus contributing to male factor infertility.

Key words: male infertility, risk factors, oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia.
The Role of Cyclooxygenase Enzymes and Microparticles in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Related Cerebrovascular Incidents
Authors: Parluhutan Togatorop Pascanus Lamsihar , indrasari Utami Desak Ketut
Published: February 2023

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder caused by breathing problems that occur during sleep due to airway obstruction. Obstructive Sleep Apnea is quite common, but is often overlooked and misdiagnosed and untreated. Many studies have proven the relationship between OSA and pathological diseases such as cardiovascular disease and stroke. Intermittent Hypoxia (IH) that occurs in OSA patients can cause endothelial dysfunction and play a role in the atherogenesis of peripheral and central blood vessels of the brain. Hypoxic conditions cause the release of microparticles, inflammatory mediators and increase the expression of the enzyme Cyclooxygenase (COX) in the vascular endothelium. This causes an increase in inflammation-related prostanoid production which in turn causes endothelial damage and increases the risk of atherosclerotic plaque formation. This review article will discuss the role of inflammatory mediators, especially COX enzymes in OSA-related cerebrovascular incidents.

Keywords: cerebrovascular incidents, cyclooxygenase, intermittent hypoxia, obstructive sleep apnea
Differences in Drills and Stroke Exercises on the Accuracy of Badminton Smash in Class V Students of Ganungkidul 1 Public Elementary School, Nganjuk Regency
Authors: . Darsono , . Sulistiono , Harmono Setyo
Published: February 2023

The accuracy of the smash is a blow that requires the strength of the whole hand and ends with the flexibility of the wrist to get the direction or rate of the shuttlecock down hard, sharp and dipping. There are several variations in practicing smash shots such as through the drilling method and the stroke method so that the accuracy of the stroke will be obtained. The drill method in this study is the exercise is carried out repeatedly by completing the material provided so that the trainees carry out the first material which is carried out repeatedly then the trainees move on to complete the next material. While the stroke training method is a series of strokes carried out sequentially and continuously.
This study uses a quantitative approach. This type of research is experimental research, the research design uses a randomized control group pretest-posttest, a sample of 16 people, while badminton smash data is collected using a badminton accuracy test instrument. The data analysis technique used is the free sample t-test or independent sample t-test
The results showed that the sig value was 0.001 <0.05 which indicated that there were differences in the drilling training method and the stroke training method for the accuracy of the badminton smash for fifth grade students at Ganungkidul 1 Public Elementary School, Nganjuk Regency. 54 compared to the stroke exercise group with a mean score of 6.5. Where seen from the difference with the average value of 9.04

Keywords: [drills, stroke practice, smash accuracy, badminton]
A Case of Stroke with Focal Dystonia - A Physiotherapist Perspective
Authors: Kumar CK Senthil , Mohammad Waris Syed , Ramachandran Arunachalam
Published: February 2023

Focal dystonia and stroke are very rare co-existing phenomena and they are very challenging for a physiotherapist. The problem encountered is the hand function which is very vital for functional activity and hence for the quality of life. Here we have presented a 56-year-old patient with right hemiplegia and focal dystonia co-existing and his physiotherapy management strategy. Though there is a limited success following 8 weeks of management in this case report, there are good take-home messages in the assessment, activity limitation, and participation restriction faced by the patient.

Keywords: Stroke, hemiplegia, Focal dystonia, Hand function, rehabilitation, physiotherapy.
“Neural Tension Among Hemiplegic Subjects”-
A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kumar CK Senthil , Waris Syed Mohammad , Ramachandran Arunachalam
Published: February 2023

AIM: This study was performed with the aim to know if there will be any change in the neural tension of the peripheral nerves following hemiplegia. The study analyzed the status of neural tension in radial, median, ulnar nerves following stroke
METHODOLOGY: 30 individuals in post-stroke condition were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Detailed procedure was explained in the subject’s words and those who are interested; informed consent was obtained from all the participants. Complete neurological assessment was done. The subject was positioned in a supine position at lateral end of the couch in a diagonal manner. Upper limb tension testing 2 and 3 was tested on both the upper limbs of the subject. The positive and negative test results of the ULTT will be analyzed for the three major nerve of upper limb.
RESULT: There were seven subjects positive with neural tension in upper limb out of thirty samples taken. There were 4 subjects with positive ULTT2a, 2 subjects with ULTT2b and 3 patients with ULTT3 positive.
CONCLUSION: From this study, we conclude that neural tension is not a regular phenomenon in stroke hence it can be generalized as a treatment protocol for all the stroke subjects. This study also concludes that median nerve and ulnar nerve are the mostly affected in subjects tested positive for neural tension.

Keywords: Neural Tension, Hemiplegia, Stroke.
The Effect of Collaborative Learning Model Combined with Problem Solving on Critical Thinking Ability and Mastery of Biology Concept of High School Students in Coffee Plantation Area
Authors: Habibah Ludfiahtul , . Suratno , Iqbal Mochammad
Published: February 2023

The characteristics of students who live in a school environment near coffee plantations have low learning independence, so it is necessary to have independent learning guided by a teacher in order to foster a scientific attitude in students. The Collaborative Learning model combined with Problem Solving is a combination of two learning approaches, namely cooperative learning and problem-based learning. Both of these learning models make it possible to create a collaborative learning environment. Learning environments that support students to collaborate naturally and effectively are very important because they can develop knowledge through their own experiences. Critical thinking is included in higher order thinking skills that have the potential to increase students' critical analytical power. When students have critical thinking skills, students will carry out decision-making, strategic planning, scientific processes, and problem solving activities. The existence of problem-solving skills will also affect students' mastery of concepts. Concept mastery can be interpreted as the ability to master ideas or ideas about certain objects, events or situations that can be generated because of a number of relevant experiences.

Keywords: Collaborative Learning, Problem Solving, Critical Thinking Ability, Mastery of Concept.