bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH BERAT BENIH DAN MEDIA TANAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KAKAO VARIETAS CRIOLLO (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Pakombong Lukas , Astuti Puji , Jannah Noor
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui berat benih dan media tanam serta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kakao, dan juga untuk memperoleh berat benih dan media tanam yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan bibit kakao yang baik.Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret-Juni 2015. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Bukit Harapan, Kecamatan Kaliorang, Kabupaten Kutai Timur, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur.Penelitian menggunakan dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), percobaan faktorial 3 x 3, dengan 4 ulangan. Terdiri atas 2 faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama adalah berat benih (B), terdiri atas 3 taraf, yaitu : berat benih 7-13 g (b1), berat benih 14-17 g (b2), dan berat benih 18-20 g (b3). Faktor kedua adalah media tanam (M), terdiri atas 3 taraf, yaitu : tanah top soil + pasir (1:1) (m1), tanah top soil + pupuk kandang sapi (2:1) (m2), dan tanah top soil + sekam padi (2:1) (m3).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berat benih berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi bibit umur 30, 60, 90 hari setelah tanam, jumlah daun umur 30 hari, umur 60 hari dan umur 90 hari setelah tanam, diameter batang umur 30, 60, 90 hari setelah tanam. Bibit tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan b3 (berat benih 18-20 g) yaitu 24,59 cm, sedangkan bibit terendah terdapat pada perlakuan b1 (berat benih 7-13 g) yaitu 23,72 cm.Perlakuan media tanam berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi bibit umur 30, 60, dan 90 hari setelah tanam, jumlah daun umur 30, 60, 90 hari setelah tanam, diameter batang umur 30 hari, umur 60 hari dan umur 90 hari setelah tanam. Jumlah daun terbanyak terdapat pada perlakuan m3 (tanah top soil + sekam padi) yaitu ; 20,64 helai, sedangkan jumlah daun paling sedikit terdapat pada perlakuan m1 (tanah top soil + pasir) yaitu ; 18,22 helai.Interaksi perlakuan berat benih dan media tanam tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi bibit umur 60, 90 hari setelah tanam, jumlah daun umur 90 hari setelah tanam, dan diameter batang umur 60, 90 hari setelah tanam. Berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter batang umur 30 hari setelah tanam. Berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi bibit umur 30 hari setelah tanam, jumlah daun umur 30 hari dan umur 60 hari setelah tanam.
PENGARUH KEDISIPLINAN DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA DINAS KESEHATAN KABUPATEN KUTAI BARAT DI SENDAWAR
Authors: Hidayat Mukhtar
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this paper is to determine the significant effect of discipline and motivation variables together on the performance of employees at the West Kutai District Health Office at Sendawar. And also to find out the discipline and motivation which is the dominant influence on employee performance at the West Kutai District Health Office at Sendawar. While the usefulness of writing is to provide information about discipline and motivation that can affect the performance of employees who can help leaders take policies to try to improve discipline and motivation so that there is an increase in employee performance and at the same time the performance of the Kutai Barat District Health Office at Sendawar itself.The correlation coefficient (R) is 0.9090 which means that the discipline and motivation variables together have a direct or positive relationship with the performance of employees at the West Kutai District Health Office at Sendawar. The value of R Squared (R2) is 0.8260 or 82.60%, which means that the performance of employees at the West Kutai District Health Office at Sendawar can be determined by the variables of discipline and motivation. In other words, the contribution of discipline and employee motivation to the performance of employees at the Kutai Barat District Health Office at Sendawar was 82.60%. While the remaining 17.40% is determined by other variables outside of this study.While the influence of each variable, namely the discipline variable (X1) has an effect on employee performance of 56.20%, while the motivation variable (X2) has an effect on employee performance by 65.00%. So that it can be said that motivation is a variable that has a greater influence on the performance of employees at the West Kutai District Health Office at Sendawar. The first good hypothesis test can be accepted because F count is 135,145 and F table 3,170 which means F count> F table. Likewise, the second hypothesis can be accepted because it is proven that the influence motivation is greater on the performance of employees at the West Kutai District Health Office at Sendawar
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI) PADA MASA KABINET INDONESIA BERSATU JILID I DAN II
Authors: Wardhana Galih Wisnu , Pamungkas Anton Respati , Latief Imam Nazarudin
Published: January 2020

Financial performance is the determination of certain measures that can measure the success of a company in generating profits. Efficient company performance, one of wich can be seen from the increase in profits earned by the company, so that in the end will bring a positive impact on government revenue from the taxation sector. The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical evidence about the efficiency of food and beverage companies on the IDX during the United Indonesia Cabinet I and II. The population of this research is the manufacturing companies since 2005 -201 which amounted to 19 companies, after the purpose of purposive sampling method with the aim of getting samples in accordance with the research objectives, there are 17 companies that fit the criteria set for the sample. The results of this study prove that there are significant differences for the variables CR, DER, NPM, ROA and EPS, food and beverage companies in the period of KIB I and KIB II, this means that company managers and investors generally responded in the governance period of KIB I and KIB II
PENGARUH E - SERVICE QUALITY TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PENGGUNA APLIKASI EMOS (ENSEVAL MOBILE ORDER SYSTEM) PADA PT. ENSEVAL PUTERA MEGATRADING, TBK CABANG SAMARINDA
Authors: Yuliana Titik , Soegiarto Eddy , Nurqamarani Adisty Shabrina
Published: January 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of E-Service Quality which includes Efficiency, Reliability, Fullfilment, Privacy, Responsiveness and Contact on Customer Satisfaction on users of the EMOS Application (Enseval Mobile Order System). The basic theory used in this research is Marketing Management, E-Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction. The population in this study was 266 pharmacies and samples taken were 73 pharmacies with simple random sampling technique. Data collection was done by distributing online questionnaires using a Likert scale to measure each indicator of the independent and dependent variable. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression.The results of the research on the f test show that the E-Service Quality variables which include Efficiency, Reliability, Fullfilment, Privacy, Responsiveness and Contact have a significant effect simultaneously (simultaneously) on Customer Satisfaction. The t test shows that the independent variables; reliability and contact affect customer satisfaction while the variables Efficiency, Fullfilment, Privacy and Responsiveness do not affect the customer satisfaction of users of the EMOS application (Enseval Mobile Order System).
The results of durum wheat breeding in Russia for carotenoid pigments content in kernels
Authors: Myasnikova M. G. , Malchikov P. N. , Shabolkina E. N. , Anisimkina N. V. , Rozova M. A. , Chakheeva T. V.
Published: January 2020

The concentration of carotenoid pigments in durum wheat kernels determines up to 30.0% of the quality of the final product.  The purpose of the current study is to analyze the results of breeding improvement of spring durum wheat according to this trait in  Russia, at all breeding stages. There was conducted the study based on the varieties of 4–7 stages of breeding in 11 environmental  complexes (year, point) in 2014–2018. There were studied 29 genotypes. The plot area was 5.0–10.0 m2 with a 3-fold repetition.  The concentration of yellow pigments in kernels was identified by extracting them with saturated n-butanol and with a subsequent  photo-colorimetry at a wavelength of 440 ... 450 nm. As a result, there was established a significant increase in the concentration of  carotenoids in kernels of the best genotypes in the main breeding Russian centers (+25–70.0% to the variety of 4-th stage of breeding  “Kharkovsky 46”). The best varieties were “Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya”, “Bezenchukskaya krepost”, “Bezenchukskaya 210” (Samara  RIA), “Saratovskaya zolotistaya” (RIA of the South-East) and the breeding lines “Gordeiforme 677” (FGBNU FANTSA), “D2098”  (RIA of the South-East) and “1368D-18” (Samara RIA). These genotypes are recommended to be used as initial material in breeding  and for the development of recombinant inbred lines for marking QTL that control the synthesis of carotenoids in durum wheat kernels  and organize a marker-associated breeding technology on this basis.
Identification of short-stem gene Rht-B1 in the winter soft wheat samples
Authors: Kupreyshvily N. T. , Vozhzhova N. N. , Marchenko D. M. , Ionova E. V.
Published: January 2020

The current paper has presented the estimation results of the collection material of winter soft wheat according to the presence of alleles of short-stem gene Rht-B1. Identification of the samples with short-stem genes is of great necessity in the development of winter wheat varieties of the steppe ecotype with high adaptability to harvesting. Search, identification and development of a new highly productive and short-stem source material of winter soft wheat is of great relevance nowadays. The purpose of our study was to identify alleles of short-stem gene Rht-B1 in the collection samples of winter soft wheat. The study was carried out in the laboratory of the marker breeding of the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2017. There were used the following research methods: a DNA extraction by the CTAB-method, estimation of the quantity and quality of the extracted DNA on a spectrophotometer, fulfillment of polymerase chain reaction and agarose gel electrophoresis, detection of amplicons in ultraviolet by gel photodocumentation system. As a result, due to the use of SSR-markers there were studied 162 short-stem samples of winter soft wheat of various ecological and geographical origin. There were identified 7 winter soft wheat samples with the Rht-B1a allele, such as “Grom”, “Kraplina”, “Stepovichka”, etc. and 13 winter soft wheat samples with the Rht-B1b (Rht1) allele, such as “1765/13”, “1816/15”, “GK Margit”, etc. There were identified 9 winter soft wheat samples with the Rht-B1e (Rht11) allele, such as “GK Margit”, “Minestrel”, “1004/14”, etc. It was recommended to use winter soft wheat samples with the Rht-B1b and Rht-B1e alleles when breeding for short stems.
Cross-cultural Translation of the Chinese Version of Pain Care Quality Surveys (C-PainCQ)
Authors: Guo Jia-Wen , Chiang Hui-Ying , Beck Susan L.
Published: January 2020

Health disparities in pain care continue to exist among non-English-speaking Chinese-Americans. The Pain Care Quality © (PainCQ) surveys, a valid instrument measuring the quality of pain care from the patient’s perspective, is available only in English currently. This study generated a Chinese version of the PainCQ (C-PainCQ) following a cross-cultural translation approach to address health equity in pain care. A multicultural, bilingual expert team produced a good quality, prefinal version of C-PainCQ. Chinese-speaking patients (n = 55) evaluated conceptual and content equivalence while bilingual participants (n = 13) reviewed semantic equivalence of C-PainCQ items. Feedback from participants, including adding a new item related to education on medication compliance, was used to revise the tool. This C-PainCQ is ready for future research to examine the reliability and construct validity with a large sample of Chinese-speaking patients.
MicroRNA-30e and MicroRNA-223 Expression for Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Associated with Hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Youssef Amany Ragab , Bastawy Samah , Montasser Karim , Abed Sally , Diasty Muhammad , Elegezy Mohamed , Yousef Elshahat A. , Ibrahem Ahmed Bahy-eldeen , Mahmoud Mostafa Anees
Published: January 2020

Background. The goals of this study were to elucidate the use of the expression of microRNA-30e (miR-30e) and microRNA-223 (miR-223) as diagnostic biomarkers for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Methods. The study included three groups, the first group included thirty patients with HCC associated with HCV, the second group included thirty patients with cirrhosis with HCV and the third group included thirty healthy control subjects. Blood samples were obtained for determination of serum expression of miR-30e and miR-223 by real time polymerase chain reaction. Results. There was significant decrease of miR-30e of expression in patients with HCC (0.16 ± 0.1) compared to both patients with cirrhosis (0.4 ± 0.2, P<0.01) and healthy control subjects (1.2 ± 0.4, P<0.001). There was also significant reduction of miR-223 expression levels in patients with HCC (0.2 ± 0.1) compared to patients with cirrhosis (0.5 ± 0.2, P<0.01) and healthy control subjects (1.0 ± 0.1, P<0.001). There was also significant decrease of miR-30e expression in late stage versus early stage of HCC (0.1 ± 0.0 vs. 0.22 ± 0.1, P<0.001), while there was no significant difference of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) between patients with late and early HCC. Also, values of miR-223 had significantly reduced levels in late HCC compared to its expression values in early HCC (0.1± 0.0 vs. 0.23 ± 0.2, P<001). Conclusion. There was significant reduction of expression of miR-30e and miR-223 in serum of HCC patients compared to either patients with cirrhosis or healthy subjects. These results show that the combined use of both biomarkers had better sensitivity in the diagnosis of HCC compared to AFP.
Toward Culturally Sustaining Governance in Higher Education: Best Practices of Theory, Research, and Practice
Authors: Rall Raquel M. , Morgan Demetri L. , Commodore Felecia
Published: January 2020

Demographic shifts within the nation have elicited an explicit and implicit call to action to address issues of diversity, equity, and inclusion. Topics such as curriculum, access, and tuition and individuals such as students, faculty, staff, and even administrators are presently foci for equity-centered initiatives and research within higher education. Within the equity imperative, however, one vital stakeholder group continues to be ignored in both research and practice—governing boards of higher education. As the group situated at the highest level of leadership, governance, and decision-making in higher education institutions, it is of great concern that research has not explored the role of the board as related to issues of equity, inclusion, and diversity. The authors reflect on the development of culturally sustaining governance (CSG) and the ways it can be applied in higher education. The authors argue for an increase of scholarship at the intersection of governance and equity. The authors discuss their work with boards as an example of how culturally sustaining governance facilitates a recognition of decision-making that intentionally prioritizes matters of equity and justice. Specifically, using document analysis, extant literature, and exemplar board cases, the authors present and define CSG within higher education, then delineate its features specifically for boards. The authors encourage additional research in this space in order to advance equity goals in higher education. Ultimately, the authors suggest that to better recognize, comprehend, and challenge systemic educational and social injustices, postsecondary stakeholders must consider and center the decision-making practices of trustee boards.
“Mi clase es su clase” (My class is your class): A Latina Teacher’s Culturally Sustaining Approach to Teacher Leadership
Authors: M. Jimenez Rosa
Published: January 2020

Demographic shifts signal increasing racial, class, and socioeconomic disparities between students of color and those responsible for their education. Given the current contexts of racism, xenophobia, and deep political fissures, what do these disparities mean for how well students of color are being educated? How might we expand upon leadership to include teacher leadership and the myriad everyday ways teachers contribute to their students’, schools’, and communities’ vitality? Toward this aim, I present a case study of one sixth-grade elementary school Latina teacher leader and how she practiced culturally sustaining leadership and community engagement within and beyond her classroom. I build upon critical and culturally relevant theories of education that honor the array of sociocultural and linguistic resources of communities of color and that recognize the power of teachers of color. I conducted this study across one academic year with participant ethnographic methods, including fieldwork (in and out of the classroom) and teacher interviews. Key findings in how the teacher defined (and redefined) her role as a teacher leader include (a) reflecting on her identity and internalized racism and cultivating an emerging critical consciousness; (b) challenging racism and deficit perspectives; and (c) employing culturally sustaining philosophies that modeled the cultural concepts of cariño/care, educación/education, and comunidad/community. Educators, administrators, and school leaders can learn from this study how to re-envision teachers as school and community leaders.
CASC-IN: A New Tool to Diagnose Pre-Cachexia in Cancer Patients
Authors: Argilés Josep M. , Madeddu Clelia , Moreno Cristina , López- Soriano Francisco J , Argilés Josep M. , Castillejo Marta , Serpe Roberto , Busquets Sílvia
Published: January 2020

Purpose: The CASC-IN score has been designed with two very clear objectives: first, as a means to
quantitatively assess pre-cachexia in cancer patients, and second, as a tool to discriminate the patients where
cachexia staging is relevant. From this point of view, the CASC-IN tool is tightly linked with the so-called
CAchexia SCOre (CASCO) previously described1
and validated2 by our research team. The results
presented here classify a population of cancer patients into non-cachectic, precachectic or cachectic.
Patients and Methods: An observational prospective case-control study has been performed and a total of
179 carcinoma patients and 117 age-matched control subjects were included. All the participants in the
study were recruited at the Department of Medical Oncology (University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy) from
June 2011 to September 2014. 179.
Results: Using the mentioned patient's groups in the cancer group, --patients affected by a different tumour
types-- the frequencies observed have been non-cachectic: 58 (32.4%), pre-cachectic: 7 (3.9%) and
cachectic: 114 (63.7%).
Conclusion: It is concluded that CASC-IN can be satisfactorily used for both assessing cachectic and precachectic cancer patients. It constitutes the only available tool for the classification of pre-cachectic patients.
Common Jejunal Tract Intussusception into the Jejuno-Jejunal Anastomosis as Long-Term Complication after near Total Gastrectomy for Distal Gastric Cancer
Authors: Fabozzi Massimiliano , Gragnaniello Angelo , Amodio Ferdinando , Corcione Francesco , Romano Mafalda , Fabozzi Massimiliano , Cirillo Pia , Murano Rosa
Published: January 2020

Background: Intussusception is a rare complication after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and extremely
rare after near total gastrectomy.
Case Presentation: 46-years-old woman (BMI=40 kg/m2
, co-morbidity: hypertension) operated about
seven months before of near total gastrectomy (for distal gastric cancer) with a small bowel resection with
Roux and Y gastric reconstruction , presented epigastric pain after meals, alvus alterations lasting by a week,
vomiting in the last days with leukocytosis and transaminase and amylase increase. The CT scan showed
peri-hepatic fluid, gastric, duodenal and jejunal dilatation, a "target like imagine" of jejuno-jejunal
anastomosis with small bowel air-fluid levels, normal intestinal loop downstream the jejuno-jejunal
anastomosis. During laparoscopy we discovered ischemia of common jejunal tract intussuscepted into the
jejuno-jejunal anastomosis. The common ischemic intestinal tract and the anastomosis were resected “enbloc” and jejuno-jejunal anastomosis was performed again.
Conclusion: The symptoms of small bowel intussusception after near total gastrectomy are not specifics
but the risk of severe complications requires an early diagnosis and treatment. According to literature data,
CT-scan is the gold standard for the diagnosis but in unclear cases it is mandatory an early laparoscopic
exploration to confirm the clinical suspicion and to perform the appropriate treatment.
Two-Way Relationship Between Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Periodontitis: Results from A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rodolfo Felipe , Furtado Silvania Conceição , Leal Alessandro Luiz Araújo Bentes , Vasconcelos Any Carolina Cardoso Guimarães , Vasconcelos Daniel Fernando Pereira , Rodolfo Felipe , Barcellos José Fernando Marques , Galeno Juliana Gomes , Pessoa Larissa dos Santos , Santos Koga Reyce dos , Andrade Zinalton Gomes de
Published: January 2020

Aim: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and periodontitis have considerable worldwide prevalence
once they both present systemic alterations with a possible association between them. Therefore, we have
performed this meta-analysis to assess the possible association between H. pylori infection and periodontitis.
Material and Methods: A systematic search in the literature was performed for studies published before
December 2, 2019 in diverse scientific and educational databases. The data was extracted by two
investigators and the statistical analysis was performed by Review Manager statistical program with
heterogeneity and Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% of Confidence Intervals (CI) calculations as well as a sensitive
analysis to assess the accuracy of the results. The value of P<0.05 was considered as significant. In addition,
we performed the analysis of the quality of included studies as well as the evaluation for risk of bias.
Results: In overall analysis, H. pylori infection was associated with the risk of periodontitis development
(OR = 1.72, CI: 1.47, 2.02, P<0.00001) and the periodontitis was considered as a risk factor for H. pylori
infection (OR = 3.21, CI: 2.31, 4.47, P<0.00001). Moreover, the evaluation of dental plaque from patients
with periodontitis reveled increased risk of H. pylori infection (OR = 3.46, CI: 2.39, 5.01, P<0.00001).
Conclusions: This current systematic review and meta-analysis composed by 12 studies in 7,059
participants showed that H. pylori infection increased significantly the risk of the development of
periodontitis and the periodontitis may be a risk for this bacterial infection.
Elevated Level of Serum Vitamin D Reduce the Chance of Latent Genital Tuberculosis
Authors: Chatterjee Siddhartha , Datta Abira , Bhattacharya Basudev , Chowdhury Rajib Gon , Chatterjee Siddhartha , Chowdhury Subhankar
Published: January 2020

Aim: To explore the possibility of risk factor between latent genital tuberculosis with association of low
secretion anti-mullerian hormone(AMH) and low level of Vitamin D for infertility.
Design: Retrospective study was done in the reproductive medicine unit of Calcutta Fertility Mission,
Kolkata-700019, and India
Result: From January 2017 to January 2019, total 150 Subjects (n= 75 TB-PCR positive and n=75 TB-PCR
negative cases as control) were included in this study on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. We
have found that mean value of AMH and Vitamin D were higher in PCR negative group than positive group.
Various level of AMH and Vitamin D concentration for PCR positive and negative cases were statistically
significant (p-value < 0.01).
Conclusion: Our finding is that vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent not only in active tuberculosis but
also in latent genital tuberculosis subjects and serum Vitamin D level may help in treatment of latent genital
tuberculosis. Elevated level of Vitamin D in serum may rule out latent tuberculosis.
Infections in Injection Drug Users: The Significance of Oral Bacteria and a Comparison with Bacteria Originating from Skin and Environmental Sources
Authors: Kannangara Don Walter , Pandya Dhyanesh , Kannangara Don Walter
Published: January 2020

Infections are common in IV drug users (IVDU). Heroin was by far the most common drug abused in our
series of 80 patients. The spectrum of infections in our patients with ages ranging from 20-63, varied from
mild skin infections to life threatening and fatal conditions such as septic shock, necrotizing fasciitis, spinal
cord infarction and endocarditis with cerebral septic emboli. Our studies showed that bacterial infections in
IV drug users originate from three different sources: 1. Skin (contaminated hands) 2. Oral microbiota 3.
Environmental sources including water, soil and plants. The most common skin bacteria isolated were
methicillin susceptible and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA and MRSA). In our study
Streptococcus anginosus group was the most common oral bacteria in IVDU with Streptococcus
intermedius predominating, followed by group A Streptococcus, Prevotella spp., Eikenella corrodens,
Haemophilus parainfluenzae and group C Streptococcus. A variety of environmental bacteria were isolated,
but the total number of patients in this group was smaller. Bacteria originating from water, soil or plants
present were: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Delftia acidovorans,
Commamonas sp., Chryseobacterium spp., Klebsiella spp., Serratia marcesens, Burkholderia cepacia,
Pseudomonas fluorescence and Acinetobacter. Twenty four out of 48 (50%) Staphylococcus aureusinfected
patients were bacteremic, followed by 6/10 (60%) group A Streptococcus infected cases. Life threatening
infections were more common with those infected with Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Few had Candida sp., likely of oral origin. Hepatitis C was less common (2/37) 5.4% in the group with oral
bacteria and more frequent in MSSA/MRSA patients (13/47) 27.7%. There was 1 coinfection with human
immunodeficiency virus each in oral and skin bacteria associated groups. The bacteria isolated provided a
clue to the source of infections and habits of the IV drug users.
Geriatric House Calls: A Geriatrician-Led Clinical Experience in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Balogun Seki , Osi-Ogbu Ogugua , Balogun Seki
Published: January 2020

Home-based medical care is increasingly being utilized in many developed countries and is crucial for many
frail older adults with significant functional and/or cognitive issues. With progressively longer life spans
worldwide, developing countries are beginning to grapple with medical care issues of frail older adults. In
our report, we describe a geriatrician - led house calls clinical experience in Nigeria and explore the
management strategies, as well as challenges in providing much needed medical care for older African
adults, especially those who are frail and homebound.
Perioperative Statin Reloading in Cardiac Surgery: A Review
Authors: Zhang Chengyuan , Zhang Chengyuan
Published: January 2020

Introduction: There is good evidence that perioperative statin therapy is cardioprotective and reduces
postoperative complications after cardiac surgery in statin-naive patients. However, most cardiac surgical
patients will already be established on chronic statin therapy. Clinical and experimental evidence suggests
that additional doses of statin treatment in this setting may be able to provide further benefit.
Methods: MEDLINE using the OVID interface was searched to December 2019 for randomised controlled
trials of statin reloading in cardiac surgery.
Results: 932 papers were identified of which 5 met eligibility criteria. No study demonstrated a significant
difference in clinical endpoints. One study found a 7.3% absolute risk reduction in the odds of postoperative
atrial fibrillation which did not reach significance. Two further studies reported a reduction in
proinflammatory cytokines. One of these also demonstrated decreased markers of cardiac and renal injury.
Discussion: Although statin reloading is cardioprotective in animal models, there is little translational
evidence in humans. Current evidence suggests a protective effect of perioperative statin therapy for atrial
fibrillation. However, this was not replicated by any of the reloading trials. Furthermore, studies were small
trials with significant heterogeneity in both baseline and intervention statin regimens. We conclude that the
current evidence base does not support additional statin therapy in patients on chronic statin treatment
scheduled for cardiac surgery.
The River of no Return: Acute Aortic Dissection with Catastrophic Outcome
Authors: Magbri Awad , Magbri Awad , El-Magbri Eussera , Ilkhanipour Kaveh , Leonard Kevin , Abesamis Michael G
Published: January 2020

The authors discuss a case of aortic dissection in a young man with hypertension. The delay in
considering the diagnosis and ordering the proper investigations secondary to the unusual presentation
of the case complicated by the logistics of patient’s transfer to specialized Cardiothoracic unit where
surgery can be performed safely have impacted the unfortunate outcome.
How Well Do We Achieve SAFER Referrals?
Authors: Awad Laura , Allison Keith , Awad Laura
Published: January 2020

Aims: Assess the completion of Situation, Assessment, Family, Expected Response, and Recording
(SAFER) referrals for paediatric dog bites under 5yrs, and burns with clinical suspicion at a trauma centre.
It is a document used to communicate concern with the LSCB (Local Safeguarding Children’s Board).
Method: Data was collated from e-records and case notes during 1/1/18-30/10/2018. The LSCB and
hospital safeguarding team do not hold databases with information regarding these referrals.
Results: 81 were seen by Plastic Surgery with dog bites. 33 were children (40.74%). 18/81 were 5yrs or
less at presentation (22.2%); 8/18 referrals were completed (44.4%). For one a referral was deemed
inappropriate because the bite was sustained from a stranger's dog. 164 paediatric burns were
reviewed. 7/164 (4.3%) raised suspicion and 6/7 had referrals (85.7%).
Discussion: Fewer referrals were made for dog bites. Possibly due to lack of awareness of guidelines, poor
availability of forms or ambiguity regarding responsibility. Referrals sent for burns were better
perhaps because of a perceived greater risk assigned to this injury or because the workload was monitored
by a single clinical lead with knowledge of the pathway. Data collection was difficult due to multiple
recording methods, which may cause clinical errors. Solutions could include staff education, clear
guidelines within departments with easy access to forms, or added checklists.
Conclusion: Referrals were not completed often enough with several areas of improvement. There are easy
steps that can be implemented which could lead to increased effectiveness of our communication and
standard of care.
Upper Abdominal Primary Retroperitoneal Cyst with Unusual Urothelial Histogenesis - An Uncommon Presentation Masquerading as a Hepatic Cyst
Authors: Gopinath Arun , Alkhasawneh Ahmad , Gopinath Arun , Baskovich Brett , Altunkaynak Civan , Marji Noor , Awad Ziad
Published: January 2020

Background: Benign retroperitoneal cysts are uncommon. There is a paucity of literature on primary upper
abdominal retroperitoneal cysts of urothelial histogenesis. We report an uncommon presentation of
urothelial cyst clinically mimicking a hepatic cyst.
Case presentation: A 21-year old female patient was admitted with intermittent abdominal pain of 9
months duration diagnosed on radiology as a right hepatic cyst. Laparoscopic resection and pathologic
examination revealed a primary retroperitoneal cyst with a urothelial histogenesis. This is an unusual clinical
presentation of a rare lesion mimicking a hepatic cyst.
Conclusion: This case highlights the unusual anatomic location and the rare occurrence of an upper
abdominal retroperitoneal urothelial cyst.
A Remarkable Case of Elevated Carcinoembryonic Antigen after Surgical Treatment of Rectal Cancer: A Search for its Mysterious Cause
Authors: Bastelaar J. van , Beets G.L. , Bastelaar J. van , Bosmans Joanna
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Measuring carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) serum levels is frequently used as a biomarker
for recurrent disease in follow-up after treatment of colorectal cancer. However, it is also elevated to a
significant degree in a number of other malignant and non-malignant conditions. In this case, we present a
patient with ongoing elevated CEA levels without a clear cause.
Case Presentation: A 57-year-old female patient with adenocarcinoma of the rectum underwent
neoadjuvant chemoradiation and a laparoscopic low anterior resection. During follow-up she presented
without any clear symptoms but with an ongoing elevation of serum CEA levels, for which she underwent
four sequential PET-CT scans within one year without any sign of malignancy. Other causes of elevated
CEA levels were investigated and excluded by additional blood tests and imaging studies. Available
literature was extensively reviewed but revealed no further possible explanations for the high CEA serum
level.
Conclusion: The manifestation of an exponential rise of CEA levels following the treatment of colorectal
cancer in the absence of abnormalities is a rare presentation and remains a mystery. The cause of the elevated
CEA is yet to be elucidated
Rekonstruksi Media Interaktif Berbasis Kartun pada Materi Suhu dan Kalor Kelas XI SMA
Authors: Haryono Heny Eka
Published: January 2020

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan. Tujuannya untuk menghasilkan produk  dan mengetahui kelayakan media interaktif berbasis kartun pada materi suhu dan kalor kelas XI SMA. Pengembangan yang dilakukan menggunakan model prosedural dengan mengadaptasi model pengembangan Borg dan Gall. Instrumen pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan lembar validasi berupa angket (kuesioner) menggunakan skala likert. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian berupa produk media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis kartun yang dikemas dalam bentuk CD pembelajaran dan dapat dioperasikan dilaptop atau computer. Hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan media pengembangan valid dan layak untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran materi suhu dan kalor kelas XI SMA.
Pendampingan Inovasi bagi MGMP Matematika SMP Kota Palembang untuk Menghasilkan Proposal Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Berbasis ICT
Authors: Santoso Budi , Aisyah Nyimas , Hapizah Hapizah , Meryansumayeka Meryansumayeka , Novika Sukmaningthias  , Pratiwi Weni Dwi
Published: January 2020

Kegiatan pendampingan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru-guru MGMP matematika SMP di Kota Palembang dalam penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Diharapkan nantinya guru-guru tersebut dapat menghasilkan penelitian yang berkualitas dan juga berkesinambungan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan dalam bentuk kegiatan workshop pelatihan. Sebelumnya guru-guru diberikan bekal berupa materi mengenai penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), model-model dan metode yang dapat digunakan di dalam penelitian. Selanjutnya guru-guru diarahkan untuk membuat membuat proposal PTK untuk kemudian di implementasikan di sekolah guna pengambilan data penelitian. Setelah guru-guru mengimplementasikan di kelas yang mereka ajar diharapkan akan didiapatkan data yang untuk selanjutnya diarahkan untuk pembuatan artikel ilmiah dari penelitian tersebut. Untuk mencapai tujuan kegiatan yang telah ditetapkan, dalam kegiatan ini digunakan metode presentasi, diskusi, dan simulasi. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah terlaksananya pelatihan pengembangan profesi guru di MGMP Kota Palembang yang diikuti oleh 27 orang guru. Selain itu telah dihasilkan contoh proposal PTK yang dibuat oleh guru-guru tersebut sebagai hasil dari kegiatan pendampingan
Pembekalan Pra-OSN Menggunakan Soal-Soal Problem Solving Berbasis Representasi Multimodus bagi Siswa SMP
Authors: Liana Metta , Sarkity Dios , Elvi Mariyanti , Fitriyah Dina
Published: January 2020

Salah satu upaya pemerintah dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan bagi peserta didik yang memiliki kecerdasan dan bakat istimewa di wilayah Indonesia adalah melalui OSN.Dalam kenyataanya peraih medali OSN rata-rata di dominasi oleh siswadari pulau Jawa. Perolehan medali OSN yang tidak merata mengindikasikan kurang optimalnya persiapan siswa dari daerah lain. Permasalahan yang sama juga ditemui di sekolah menengah di Tanjungpinang. Pihak sekolah masih menitikberatkan materi pada tingkat hafalan saja dan tidak menampilkan keterampilan abad 21 dalam prosespembelajaran. Tujuan dari kegiatan PkM ini adalah untuk mempersiapkan siswa SMP N 4 di Tanjungpinang yang akan mengikuti OSN tahun 2020 dengan pembelajaran yang menggunakan soal-soal problem solving berbasis representasi multimodus terkhusus materi IPA (fisika). Hasil kegiatan PkM ini adalah: (1) Adanya pemahaman konsep IPA (fisika) yang lebih tinggi dengan menggunakan soal-soal problem solving berbasis representasi multimodus bagi siswa. (2) Adanya motivasi yang tinggi dari siswa untuk belajar mandiri dalam mempersiapkan OSN 2020 dan motivasi untuk menaklukan materi IPA (fisika) lainnya. (3) Adanya permintaan dari sekolah agar pembekalan Pra-OSN bisa berkelanjutan dan siswa yang diikutkan bisa lebih banyak.
Comparison of Formulas for Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Calculation for Predicting the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Pezeshki Babak , Golrazeghi Mojtaba , Hojati Sayed Reza , Rostamian Fatemeh , Raeisi Shahraki Hadi , Farjam Mojtaba , Homayounfar Reza
Published: January 2020

Background: The correlation between serum cholesterol level and the risk of developing atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome has been well established in previous studies. Serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) measurement is conducted using different methods which are generally divided into two groups, namely direct and indirect. Using indirect methods or calculations such as the Friedewald or Iranian formula for measuring LDL, particularly in developing countries, is quite common. The present study has stepped in to compare the robustness of the extant formulas in prognosticating and determining the incidence of metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the target population was the community of Fasa cohort study. According to the views of the statistical advisor, 9530 people were included in the study and clinical laboratory examinations were done for each person. Their serum LDL level was measured using the existing formulas. Then, the results of the serum LDL level that was computed with different formulas, were compared with both the status of metabolic syndrome and laboratory tests of individuals. Results: The Iranian formula has the highest area under curve, the sensitivity of 0.73, and specificity of 0.77, higher positive and negative predictive values among other formulas. In Friedewald formula, for example, sensitivity and specificity equal 0.28 and 0.80, respectively. After further analysis, two new models proposed for predicting metabolic syndrome. The results revealed that these two models even outperform the Iranian formula. Conclusion: The Iranian formula for plasma LDL calculation has higher precision and application for predicting and measuring the metabolic syndrome in the Iranian population due to its considerable features. It is required to develop a new formula for each population and even for each sex, if possible. [GMJ.2020;9:e1607]
The Political Economy of Standards: Does MRLs Matter in Cottonseed and its Trade?
Authors: Hadi Fazal , Zahoor Ul Haq  , Iqbal Javid
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we introduce three indices of trade which are consequently applied to the case maximum residue level, MRLs of pesticide. The aggregation indices of NTM i.e Li and Beghin index of trade, Heterogeneous index of trade (HIT) and actual heterogeneous index of trade (AHIT) regulations to compute their protectionism relative to international standards. The application of indices to Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) affecting cottonseed and its by-product i.e crude cottonseed oil and refined cottonseed oil, using a science-based standards Codex Alimentarius. In this analysis, the main aim of the article is to show the response of the maximum residue limits (MRLs) adopted by 50 importing countries on exports of the cottonseed commodities for the year 2005 to 2014. In this study, we estimate the augmented gravity model using the ordinary least squares (OLS) and Poisson regression estimators. The results show that maximum residue limits (MRLs) have a trade increasing effect on exports of the cottonseed commodities.
The Impact of Brand Rejuvenation on Consumer Purchase Intention: Brand Attitude as Mediator
Authors: Akbar Neelam , Zeb Alam , Ahmad Shabir
Published: January 2020

The rationale of the study lies in investigating the role of brand rejuvenation on consumer purchase intention, it also emphasizes digging the mediating effects of brand attitude on brand rejuvenation and consumer purchase intentions. Quantitative research was carried out for understanding the rationale behind consumer brand preferences, their attitude, and purchase intentions. This study employed positivism; deductive approach in which collected quantitative and numerical data were tabulated and analyzed statistically in order to facilitate and test the detail set of hypotheses for the purpose of reaching objective truth. SPSS computer software was employed along with multiple regression and correlation analysis were carried out for testing and checking hypotheses and model fitness respectively. Dual statistical techniques i.e. Barron and Kenny’s (1986) and Preacher and Hayes (2008) were applied for checking mediation effects of the study. All the variables were significantly correlated with each other which clearly indicates the importance of brand rejuvenation, brand attitude and purchase intentions.
Potential for Community Based Ecotourism (CBE) along Balochistan Coast, Pakistan
Authors: Zia Ullah  , Jehangir Muhammad , Iqbal Javed
Published: January 2020

The term CBE is not only an ethic based approach to tourism but to make it sure the community engages actively and enjoys the accruing profits of tourism activities. Following the SFA Framework (Suitability, Feasibility, and Acceptability), this study critically reviewed tourism resources in ecologically sensitive coastal areas of Balochistan for assessing their potential for establishment of CBE. Bio-physical, socio-cultural, and tourism information were collected from coastal communities through a structured questionnaire and the same was analyzed through SWOT analysis, while, coastal scenic information was collected personally through a coastal scenic assessment and analyzed through fuzzy logic analysis. The study confirmed that selected coastal localities are potential CBE destinations. However, infrastructure and communities’ knowledge for developing the desired services/products were below the required standards. Therefore, CBE within the selected localities without any investment in basic infrastructure and capacity building of communities would be detrimental for the natural environment.
United States Fundamental Interests in Chile and Cuba: A Historical Study
Authors: Khan Abdul Zahoor , Zaman Nargis , Shah Zahir
Published: January 2020

US hegemony as the result of its interventions in Cuba and Chile is a historical
reality. The United States used to be scared that imposition of Communism had
minimized the Americans dominance over there under the policy of
nationalization. Although, the United States had tried his luck in Cuba twice, in
decades of 1960’s, to vanish communism dangerous roots, but unfortunately
faced defeat. Again in 1970’s decade the United States faced the same threat of
communism (in form of Salvador Allende regime) in Chile. Chile has blessed
with such rich mineral resources like Cuba, so the United States also had
similarly established their strong hold inform of different significant companies.
In order to prevent the power of Salvador Allende and his nationalization policy,
the United States had launched military coup in 1973 resulted in success that
also helps to minimize the communism threats in region
Consumption with Shariah Based Imprint: Eradicating Extreme Poverty and Hunger with Infaq, Waqf and Rushd Behavior in Pakistan
Authors: Jabeen Zohra , Bangash Romana , Malik Faizan
Published: January 2020

This is a conceptual paper regarding consumption for policy implications based on the teachings of Islam. It awakens Islamic civil society for bringing about a correction and balance in the society whereby extreme poverty is eradicated through a consumption (and spending “infaaq”) approach in the light of (understanding the concepts of) Rushd, waqf and infaq fi sabeelillah for sharing rizq and setting aside rizq and resources for others. According to the Islamic principles, zakat and infaq fi sabeelillah are encouraged to deal with the disparities of wealth in general and to strike at poverty in particular. The rightly guided people (raashidoon) are encouraged to worship Allah as well as give to the poor. It is in contrast to consumerism of the western capitalistic schools of thought. In economic guidelines using the consumption theories, the concepts of Rushd, waqf and infaaq need to be incorporated in policy implication in the Muslim world.
Semantic transfers in the domain of FOODSTUFFS
Authors: Kowalczyk Aleksandra Zofia
Published: January 2020

In recent literature scholars have worked out a number of new categories of meaning development such as zoosemy, plantosemy and foodsemy. This paper focuses on the mechanism of foodsemy, a new category of metaphorical extension proposed by Kleparski (2008), and in particular on the cases of metaphorical extension that are targeted at human beings and their various qualities. Most frequently, the process discussed here involves the projection of attributive features and values, sometimes positive, yet most frequently negative ones, associated with members of the macrocategory foodstuffs onto the macrocategory human being. The purpose here is to outline a limited number of metaphorical transfers involved in the conceptual macrocategory foodstuffs targeted at such subcategories of the microcatergory female human being as attractive female human being, immoral female human being and female breasts. For some language users it may sound somewhat unnatural, and hence unacceptable, to name a female person mutton with the intended metaphorical sense ‘a prostitute’, tomato applied in the transferred sense ‘attractive, but not a very wise female’ or peach, which denotes an ‘attractive female, especially in American English’. However, cases of foodsemy are nothing else, but instances of metaphorical conceptualizations, which are considered to be pervasive, unconscious and automatic. They are also universal, though different lexical items in different languages may acquire different metaphorical senses.