bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation on baicalin‐loaded chitosan film crosslinked by graphene oxide and its biocompatibility
Authors: Zhu Yu , Zhang Lu , Zhou Lei , Li Xin , Zhao Yuancong , Wang Jin
Published: June 2023

Chitosan has good biocompatibility, in vivo biodegradability and certain physiological activity, which can be used as a drug carrier to stabilise and protect drug components, causing the promotion of drug absorption and controlling drug release. Using graphene oxide (GO) as a cross‐linking agent, the functional groups in its lamellar structure can interact effectively with the functional groups in chitosan molecules, leading to enhanced mechanical properties and optimize the controlled drug‐release behaviour. GO/chitosan composite films were prepared by the solution mixing method with various GO content and exhibit many hydrogen bonds between the GO and chitosan. There were no obviously agglomerated GO particles in the surface of composite films, and the lamellar structure can be observed in the cross section of the composite films. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) indicated that the addition of GO increased the stability of the chitosan film. The baicalin‐loaded GO/Chitosan also exhibited pH dependent release behaviour, with an increasing release amount and rate at lower pH medium. In addition, the result of biological evaluations showed that the GO/Chitosan films had good cytocompatibility in vitro and histocompatibility at appropriate GO concentrations. This investigation offered a new pH‐dependent drug carrier potentially applied for tumour and atherosclerosis treatment.
A type II solar radio burst without a coronal mass ejection
Authors: Morosan D. E. , Pomoell J. , Kumari A. , Kilpua E. K. J. , Vainio R.
Published: June 2023

Context. The Sun produces the most powerful explosions in the Solar System, solar flares, which can also be accompanied by large eruptions of magnetised plasma, coronal mass ejections (CMEs). These processes can accelerate electron beams up to relativistic energies through magnetic reconnection processes during solar flares and CME-driven shocks. Energetic electron beams can in turn generate radio bursts through the plasma emission mechanism. CME shocks, in particular, are usually associated with type II solar radio bursts.

Aims. However, on a few occasions, type II bursts have been reported to occur either in the absence of CMEs or shown to be more likely related with the flaring process. It is currently an open question as to how a shock generating type II bursts forms without the occurrence of a CME eruption. Here, we aim to determine the physical mechanism responsible for a type II burst that occurs in the absence of a CME.

Methods. By using radio imaging from the Nançay Radioheliograph, combined with observations from the Solar Dynamics Observatory and the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory spacecraft, we investigate the origin of a type II radio burst that appears to have no temporal association with a white-light CME.

Results. We identify a typical type II radio burst with band-split structure that is associated with a C-class solar flare. The type II burst source is located above the flaring active region and ahead of disturbed coronal loops observed in extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) images. The type II burst is also preceded by type III radio bursts, some of which are in fact J bursts, indicating that accelerated electron beams do not all escape along open field lines. The type II sources show single-frequency movement towards the flaring active region. The type II burst is located ahead of a faint EUV front propagating through the corona.

Conclusions. Since there is no CME detection, a shock wave is most likely generated by the flaring process or the bulk plasma motions associated with a failed eruption. The EUV front observed is likely a freely propagating wave that expands into surrounding regions. The EUV front propagates at an initial speed of approximately 450 km s−1 and it is likely to steepen into a shock wave in a region of low Alfvén speed as determined from magneto-hydrodynamic modelling of the corona.
Irregular grids for 3D NLTE radiative transfer in stellar atmospheres
Authors: Udnæs Elias R. , Pereira Tiago M. D.
Published: June 2023

Context. Three-dimensional non-local thermodynamical equilibrium (NLTE) radiative transfer calculations are a fundamental tool for a detailed spectral analysis in stellar atmospheres, but require vast amounts of computer power. This prevents their broader application.

Aims. We undertake a first exploration of the use of 3D irregular grids in stellar atmospheres. In particular, we aim to test whether irregular grids can be used to speed up the 3D NLTE problem, in the same way as depth optimisation can lead to faster running times in 1D.

Methods. We created irregular grids based on 3D Voronoi diagrams, sampling different distributions from a 3D radiation-magnetohydrodynamic Bifrost simulation. We developed a method for solving radiation on the 3D irregular grid and implemented a simple NLTE solver using Λ-iteration and statistical equilibrium. We applied this to a simplified hydrogen-like atom and studied the convergence properties and accuracy of the irregular grid methods. For reference, we compared them to a standard short-characteristics solver on a regular grid.

Results. We find that our method for radiation in irregular grids gives similar results to those from regular grids, and that it is possible to obtain nearly the same results with about ten times fewer points in the irregular grid for the continuum intensity in local thermo-dynamical equilibrium. We find that the irregular grid can give good results for the NLTE problem, but it takes four times longer per iteration than the regular grid, and it converges in about the same number of iterations. This makes it particularly inefficient. Our formulation therefore does not lead to an improvement. We also find that the design of the irregular grid is crucial for accurate results, and find it non-trivial to design an irregular grid that can work well across a wide range of heights.
Agroecology as a strategic direction in the system of rational land use
Authors: Kovaleva Irina V. , Kudinova Margarita G. , Shevchuk Natalia A. , Elistratova Tatyana G.
Published: June 2023

Today there is growing demand for organic products principals to the growth in the production of ecological products and biologization of land. Traditional organic farming is a complex of elements of a reproductive nature with industry specifics and a set of elements. Agroecology does not involve the practice of biochemical vegetable defense product. The transition to organic farming requires agricultural producers to fulfill several conditions, which is an element that slows down the pace of development of both land biologization and the attractiveness of the organic products segment for producers. The Russian market is characterized by high average annual growth rates of organic lands; increasing the share of land for the production of organic agricultural products; unstable number of producers; stabilization of the volume of the internal market for organic products at the level of 120 million euro; stabilization of the export volume of organic products at the level of 4 million euro. Production of organic products is advisable in local product markets, since the production of organic products is a product with high added value, increased requirements for certification of organic products and a narrow segment of consumers.
Kinematic viscosity of liquid media and providing metrological observability of experimental results
Authors: Masharipov Shodlik M. , Rakhmatullaev Sarvar A.
Published: June 2023

The subject of this study is to explore modern methods for control of dynamic and kinematic viscosity of liquid media, the state of its metrological support in the republic as well as to see findings from the experiments to ensure metrological control in the International System of Units. The results from this study are found relevant for wide use in agricultural and food products, biologically active additives in assessing quality and safety, metrology. It is also considered relevant in connection with the wide use of viscosity measuring tools in the oil- and fuel industry, medicine, cosmetology, geological and construction and other industries, to evaluate the quality and safety of products, control technological processes at production sites. Scientific and practical recommendations and decisions on improvement of scientific, technical, organizational and regulatory framework of metrological provision of viscometers in the field of ensuring uniformity of measurements and its practical solutions. The findings from the study can be applied with metrological services. Based on the results of the research, metrological examination of various scientific, theoretical and functional viscometers, final conclusions were developed.
Agricultural landscapes and financial factors affecting soil microzones in the Kursk region
Authors: Malisheva Ekaterina V. , Musyal Alexander V. , Dolgopolova Natalia V. , Novikova Tatiana M. , Pashkova Marina I.
Published: June 2023

Over the past twenty years price changes in real estate market have been unstable for many reasons. Events in twenty-year dynamics in Kursk region which influenced pricing in real estate market are described. Main factors affecting the cost of real estate are also described. The main purpose of the article is to analyze price dynamics in real estate market of Kursk region over past twenty years, to highlight main factual factors that have an impact on the cost of real estate. Main tasks of the article are to identify factors influencing prices of real estate in Kursk region. Methodology of the article is based on a systematic approach, as well as methods for analyzing and synthesizing multiple indicators of real estate market in Kursk region. The results of the article are concluded in the allocation of the main determining value-forming factors in real estate market of Kursk region.
Innovative aspects of stimulating the growth and development of grain and leguminous crops in Western Siberia
Authors: Galeev Rinat R. , Petrov Dmitry D. , Albert Maxim A. , Smirnov Anton E.
Published: June 2023

The results of three-year studies (2020-2022) on the effectiveness of pre-sowing seed treatment of grain crops (spring soft wheat, spring barley and oats) and legumes (soybeans) in terms of stimulating growth and development, increasing productivity and product quality are presented. The experiments were carried out on leached chernozem and gray forest soil of the Novosibirsk and Orda districts of the Novosibirsk region. In the experiments, we used the variety of spring soft wheat Likamero, spring barley Paustian, oats - Max and soybeans - SibNIIK 9. The largest leaf area parameters were noted in spring wheat against the background of presowing seed treatment with Lignohumate 80 g/t, followed by spraying in the tillering phase with Energia M 20 g/ha. The applied growth regulators significantly increased the yield of grain crops and soybeans. The highest yield was established in the variants with seed treatment with Lingvohumate followed by the use of Energia M in the tillering phase. The increase was 21% for spring wheat, 23% for barley and 24% for soybeans. The preparations used improved the yield structure of all crops.
The influence of agrotechnology on barley productivity in the Republic of Khakassia
Authors: Lipshin Alexey , Surin Nikolay , Kozulina Natalia , Bobrovsky Alexander , Vasilenko Albina , Lipshina Valentina , Lipshin Gennady
Published: June 2023

The article presents the results of an experiment studying the influence of the technology of cultivation of Emelya barley variety on productivity in the conditions of the Republic of Khakassia. The experiment was carried out in 2022 at Chernogorskoe settlement, located in the Ust-Abakansky district of the Republic of Khakassia. The results of the study showed that the maximum productivity of barley variety Emelya was obtained when azofoska was applied at a dose of 60 kg. d. per hectar with the use of plant protection products of 4.05 t/ha. The increase in comparison with the control was 1.12 t/ha.
Substantiation of additional humidification of drained peat bogs by canal locking as a way to combat the occurrence of natural underground fires
Authors: Semenova Kristina , Zhuravleva Larisa
Published: June 2023

The main problem today is the fight against annual natural fires. Peat fires cause irreparable environmental and material damage, as a result of which the fertile horizon is completely destroyed, poisonous gases are released, residential buildings and warehouses are destroyed, and habitats for animals and plants disappear. A peat fire is difficult to extinguish, since peat is a powerful water absorber and most of the water sources are located at a considerable distance from the source of ignition, special equipment fails in places where it burns out. The aim of the work is to substantiate moistening by means of canal locking to restore a hydrological regime and to combat the occurrence of fire in the existing drained systems of the Moscow and Ryazan regions. The main locking indicators for 53 years were obtained for two options for moistening in comparison with standard dehumidification. The articles of the water balance were calculated and studied. The optimal variant of moistening the peat bog was chosen, which creates fire-prevention conditions and conditions for the development of agricultural conditions. According to the selected option, water supply is about half of the total drainage flow, there is no need to attract additional water resources.
Mathematical model of resistance to spreading forces using a bulldozer blade
Authors: Aslonov Norqul , Irisov Khusniddin
Published: June 2023

The article presents an in-depth analysis of the theories of soil digging. It has been shown that the developed theory of soil digging is closely intertwined with experimental data. This makes it possible to calculate all the forces acting on the working body by a divisible sheet, including those that take into account the forces arising vertically from a moving sheet, which are determined by the refraction and the angle of the sheet cut. In order to characterize the process of processing solid waste with a bulldozer blade mathematically, it is necessary to take into account the effect of the cutting speed of the soil on the resistance to digging.
Ensuring the stability of the suspended chisel-cultivator processing depth
Authors: Tukhtakuziev Abdusalim , Rasuljonov Abdurakhmon R. , Turkmenov Hasan I. , Irgashev Aripjan A. , Barlibaev Sherzod
Published: June 2023

The depth of tillage and its uniformity are the main performance indicators of chisel cultivators, as well as all tillage machines. Only when these indicators are at the level of demand, favorable conditions are created for the uniform development and ripening of crops throughout the field and their high yield. The article theoretically explores the problem of ensuring a smooth movement of the suspension chisel cultivator along with the working depth. The results show that the given depth of tillage and its uniformity at the required level is mainly due to the correct selection of the vertical distance from the base plain of the chisel-cultivator to the lower hanging points. The vertical distance from the base plain to the lower hanging points must be at least 48.1 cm in order for the condition N>0 to be fulfilled and the chisel-cultivator to sink to the specified depth and run steadily at this depth. Suspended chisel-cultivators with 3-4 class wheeled tractors, which are widely used in agricultural production of the republic, the vertical distance from the base plains to the lower hanging points. Determined to be at least 48.1 cm.
Growing juvenile beluga and its hybrids with sterlet in environmentally friendly conditions
Authors: Khoroshailo Tatyana , Alekseeva Yulia , Tishchenko Alexander , Kuznetsova Tatyana
Published: June 2023

Currently, the general trend of the global fishing industry is to increase the production of fish food products not only due to the development of aquaculture, but also the biological characteristics of the body of sturgeon. The aim of the study was the theoretical justification and practical implementation of the assessment of the growth and development of beluga juveniles and their hybrids with sterlet aged 0+ to 2+ (three-year-olds) in industrial of the Krasnodar Territory. The determined: fish mass, live weight gain, linear growth. By the end of the control cultivation, the weight of fish in the control and experimental groups was 1728.3 and 2236.4 g, respectively. In the experimental group, the absolute increase in live weight of fish was 2198.2 g, while in the control group it was 1692.2 g. The difference in average daily gains was 0.71 g in favour of hybrids. The body length of the fish in the control and experimental groups was 32.7 and 37.3 cm. The positive effect of heterosis had a positive effect on the first- generation crossbreeds obtained from beluga and sterlet.
Investigation of the phase composition and structure of stationary catalysts to increase safety of agrarian-and-food production
Authors: Sattarov Karim
Published: June 2023

The phase composition and structure of stationary nickel-aluminum promoted catalysts have been studied. It is shown that the phase composition of the catalysts consists of intermetallic compounds NiAl, NiAl3, Ni2Al3. Changes in the microscopic structure of the alloys are determined. Modern methods for evaluating hydrogenation catalysts, as well as methods for analyzing raw materials and products of catalytic hydrogenation, have been established. The highest hydrogenation performance is characteristic of stationary catalysts whose alloys consist of Ni2Al3×4NiAl3 intermetallic compounds. New modifications of stationary alloyed nickel-copper-aluminum catalysts with the addition of vanadium (0.5-2.5 %), rhodium (0.5 %) and palladium (0.05 %) in the process of pre- contact hydrogenation of cottonseed oil have been studied and developed. It has been shown that the lowest content of transisomerized acids in tallow is achieved at a content of 1.5 % vanadium in a stationary promoted catalyst. The content ratio of the fatty-acid composition in the triglycerides of target dietary fats was determined, ensuring their increase in nutritional value and safety. The conditions under which the highest results were obtained are presented.
Water-sorption ability of fruit and vegetable stabilizers
Authors: Kalanova Dilafruz , Kuliev Nasillo
Published: June 2023

The article presents the relevance of the development of new technologies and formulations of food products with a foamy structure. The kinetics of moisture sorption of fruits and vegetables subjected to hydrothermal and mechanical processing at various partial vapor pressures in the environment has been studied. Calculations of hygroscopic characteristics of fruit and vegetable stabilizers have been made. Such parameters of the monolayer as the concentration of substances in a continuous monomolecular layer, specific surface and relative air humidity at which the moisture monolayer is adsorbed, and the pore volume of the stabilizers were determined.
Development of technological parameters of wheat grain germination
Authors: Kazina Valentina V. , Safronova Tatyana N. , Gubanenko Galina A. , Petrenko Elena V. , Kolman Olga Ya.
Published: June 2023

Green wheatgrass juice has an increased nutritional value. It is well suited for enriching bakery products. Juice of green wheat germs, yeast dough made from wheat flour, bread made from wheat flour with different content of green wheat germ juice were identified as objects of study. The physico-chemical processes occurring in yeast-free dough and ready-made bread from wheat umka were studied with the introduction of green wheat germ juice in an amount of 5-20% by weight of water. Changes in the mass of products and the mass fraction of moisture during storage led to the conclusion that the introduction of green wheat germ juice slows down the staleness of bread. As a result, based on a complex quality indicator, it was determined that the recipe for bread made from wheat flour with the content of wheat grass juice in the amount of 5% by weight of water would be optimal. The degree of satisfaction of the daily requirement for basic nutrients was calculated by introducing bread from wheat flour into the diet with the addition of green wheat grass juice in the amount of 5%.
Isolation of a human lactoferrin biosimilar from frozen milk of goat producers
Authors: Mosolova Natalya I. , Petrushko Elena V. , Bogdanovich Dmitry M. , Karpenko Ekaterina V. , Vorontsova Elena S.
Published: June 2023

This study offers an additional source of information on isolation and purification of the human lactoferrin biosimilar from frozen milk of goat producers. Thanks to the application of an improved technique of raw material degreasing, a milk filtrate with complete absence of the fat part was obtained, which as a result had a favorable effect on the yield and properties of the finished product, whose quality was confirmed by methods of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and microbiological analysis. As a result 135 g of human lactoferrin biosimilar was obtained from 75 liters of frozen milk.
Synthesis of a digital PID controller to control the temperature in the agricultural products drying chamber
Authors: Djuraev Khayrullo , Uvayzov Saidjon
Published: June 2023

This article provides information and results of measurement and automatic temperature control with a proportional-integral-derivative controller. A microcontroller including special software is used for automatic control the temperature at a given value. For fixation continuity of changes, an algorithm for controlling the temperature in the drying chamber has been developed. The researched process on a computer model and an algorithm for temperature control in chamber was developed. Based on the analysis, transient characteristics of the drying process were obtained.
Solving the problem of biodiversity analysis of bird detection and classification in the video stream of camera traps
Authors: Dorrer Mikhail G. , Alekhina Anna E.
Published: June 2023

The work is devoted to solving the problem of assessing the comparative efficiency of several common architectures of convolutional neural networks for monitoring birds in a natural environment. The problem was solved by detecting birds recorded by video traps installed on feeders in several regions of Panama by different architectures. Then a comparison was made between the recognition quality metrics – IoU and mAP, and based on the values of the metrics, a conclusion was made about the effectiveness of the architectures. Experiments have shown that the YOLO architecture of the Tiny version with comparative modules wins in the accuracy table. In the future, it is planned to improve the application of neural network architectures by finalizing the dataset with the involvement of expert bird watchers and open ornithological ontologies.
Features of practical training of IT - specialists for the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Titovskaia Natalia , Titovskii Sergei , Ambrosenko Nikolai , Titovskaya Tatyana
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the methodology of conducting for future specialists in the field of applied informatics at the Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University. Its relevance is due to the fact that the training of such specialists should be accompanied by the preparation of a number of course projects and complex course work for agricultural enterprise. In our opinion, when completing course projects, students should rely on real data on the object of study. According to the method of organization, the practice should be of a mixed nature, both stationary and in the form of excursions. In the stationary phase of the practice, students, together with the teacher, analyze theoretical issues on building databases and computer networks, on presenting an enterprise on the Internet, on developing websites and general issues related to the information security of an agro-industrial enterprise. At the visiting stage of the practice, students collect real data about the enterprise, which will then be used in course projects. This approach greatly increases students' understanding of the essence and specifics of their future specialty and understanding of the development of information systems for a particular agricultural enterprise.
Automated system for assessing the structure of a dairy cattle herd
Authors: Titovskii Sergei , Titovskaia Natalia , Titovskaya Tatyana , Alekseeva Elena
Published: June 2023

The article describes a model of an information system for assessing and forming the structure of a dairy cattle herd. Based on a brief description of this task, a logical model of a relational database is built using predefined SQL data types. Based on object-oriented modeling, a system behavior model is developed, presented in the form of a UML diagram of use cases and sequence diagrams. The option of using this model in the form of a local information system and the possibility of its integration with existing software systems is considered. The correctness of the model is confirmed by the developed local information system of the aforementioned assessment of the herd structure.
Development of a control system for sorting agricultural products according to specified criteria
Authors: Zakozhurnikov Sergey , Zakozhurnikova Galina
Published: June 2023

The article presents a process control system for sorting agricultural products. The technological process of sorting is described, the composition of the system is indicated, the sorting algorithm is developed. ProgramLab software was used as the modeling environment. Color and weight were selected as sorting criteria. The parameters at the input of the control object, which have the greatest influence on the process were selected. The output parameters were the conveyor speed and the final position of the sorting object. A scheme of cause-and-effect relationships of the sorting process is obtained. A block diagram of the sorting process has been developed. A mathematical model for calculating the speed of a conveyor depending on the distance between the robotic arm and the conveyor, as well as between the robotic arm and the parts unloading points was obtained. A 3d model of the sorting process has been developed. Three basic scenarios for the location of places for unloading agricultural products are considered. The introduction of the developed system will help reduce number of rejects during sorting, increase the efficiency of the sorting process and improve economic performance. Improving the sorting process will help reduce equipment wear and extend equipment life.
Digging and cleaning collectors using excavators equipped with innovative automatic control navigator
Authors: Abduraimova Dilbar , Otakhonov Makhsud , Jonkobilov Ulugmurod , Melikuziev Sarvarbek
Published: June 2023

This article presents the problems of guaranteeing high work productivity in the digging or cleaning of ditches and collectors, as well as the implementation of design indicators, as specified in the project, and measures to eliminate them using modern innovative technologies. Ditch and collectors work at the level of demand, improve land reclamation conditions, increase productivity and reduce the volume of additional earthworks, increase economic efficiency to high levels. The results of the conducted scientific research showed that during the construction of the open pit, the volume of earthworks was reduced by 15%, and the carrying capacity of the stream was increased by 25%. As a result, it makes it possible to increase the reliability and maintain the technical condition of using open pits.
The effect of an aqueous extract of seeds of Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl., naturalized on the Kola peninsula, on Allium cepa
Authors: Ingiri Andrey A. , Smirnova Maria V. , Tsvetov Nikita S.
Published: June 2023

Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl is a perennial herbaceous plant widely distributed in the Northeastern states of the USA, Canada, Europe, Argentina and New Zealand. This plant is distributed on the Kola Peninsula. L. polyphyllus contains alkaloids, the main of which are lupanine, lupinine, and sparteine. The aim of the study was to determine the cytotoxicity of aqueous extracts of seeds of the studied plant and their effect on biomass growth by the Allium-test method. It was found that aqueous solutions of L. polyphillus seeds extract in concentrations 5 – 0.1325 %v/v doesn’t have an inhibitory effect on the mitosis of A. cepa root meristem cells but have a statistically significant effect of stimulating the growth of biomass A. cepa in a concentration of 5% v/v.
Prospects for year-round cuttings of Sedum morganianum E. Walther for further use in interior landscaping
Authors: Orlova Elena , Kozlova Elena , Zubik Inna , Tazina Svetlana , Simakhin Maxim
Published: June 2023

The Sedum L. genus is extensively represented in the Tolstiaceae family, (more than 600 species). Diversity in the market of species makes genus Sedums popular and promising in landscape gardening, urban and interior gardening. In indoor floriculture, there are more than 20 species of sedums, which are herbaceous, succulent semi-shrubs that can be either single or perennials. Decorative effect is given to the plant primarily by decorative leaves, their structure and coloring. Sedum are in demand in modern interior landscaping.
Waste management in the transition to green economy leading to environmental sustainability
Authors: Bespalyy Sergey
Published: June 2023

Kazakhstan is facing serious environmental challenges that affect the regional economy and shape new realities. Such challenges include the management of solid and industrial waste. At the same time, policies and investments in adaptation to sustainable waste management are insufficient and require more attention. This study provides an analysis of the challenges towards the transition to a green economy model in Kazakhstan affecting the management of municipal and industrial solid waste, reviewing the progress made, and highlighting opportunities and priority areas for policy steps to implement transformations in the field of good governance. This study identifies the key areas to promote the involvement of all stakeholders in the process of promoting the transformation of the waste management sector.
Effect of gasoline quality on toxicity of exhaust gases
Authors: Gaybullaev Saidjon , Bazarov Gayrat
Published: June 2023

The article gives the analysis of the amount and composition of exhaust gases released into the atmosphere by motor vehicles are analyzed, the restrictions used to improve the quality of fuels and reduce the harmful effects of exhaust gases. The environmental conditions of the quality indicators of automobile gasoline specified in the regulatory requirements are analyzed. The effects on human health are considered. Modern regulatory requirements and restrictions for the content of gasoline and exhaust gases are highlighted. The effect of fuel quality and optimal parameters of fuel air ratio on fuel consumption was analyzed. Engine malfunctions and environmental consequences caused by deviations from the norm in the quality indicators of fuel under operational conditions are described.
Simulation of fluid outflow from an axisymmetric channel
Authors: Khudjaev Mukhiddin
Published: June 2023

The subject of the study is the outflow of fluid from a channel consisting of segments with different geometries used to improve thermal and hydraulic characteristics. Research methods are based on Newton's rheological law; the continuity equation and the Navier-Stokes equation, which are the basic equations of fluid flow; the method of mathematical modeling and the analytical method of its solutions. In the article, generalized formulas for determining the hydrodynamic characteristics of a fluid flow in axisymmetric channels are obtained. As an example, analytical expressions for the pressure and average flow velocity are obtained when fluid flows out of a cylindrical channel of a constant cross section and from a channel of a hyperbolic form. In perspective, by introducing an arbitrary arithmetic expression of the axisymmetric section of the channel, it is possible to determine the hydrodynamic characteristics of the flow.
Study of the chemical composition of the amaranth plant by the method of chromotography
Authors: Saidkhodzhaeva Dildora , Choriyev Abdusattor , Akramova Rano , Yulchiev Asilbek , Tukhtaev Shuxrat
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the chemical composition of amaranth on the territory of the republic. The chemical composition of the amaranth plant has been studied. A study was carried out to determine the chemical composition of amaranth by chromatography. The method for determination of flavonoids is given.
Assessment of juvenile resistance of barley and wheat accessions to dark brown leaf spot
Authors: Neshumaeva Nadezhda A. , Sidorov Aleksandr V. , Gerasimov Sergei A.
Published: June 2023

Dark brown leaf spot of cereal crops caused by the Bipolaris sorokiniana fungus causes significant crop losses worldwide. To create new resistant varieties, it is necessary to use sources with a high level of resistance. In the laboratory of physiology and biotechnology of the Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture, the juvenile resistance of the breeding material of spring barley and spring soft wheat of competitive variety testing to dark brown spot was evaluated. The most toxigenic isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana were preliminarily selected for the production of inoculum, which was used to treat horizontally placed seedlings of the studied cereal samples in the 1-2 leaf phase. The development of the disease was assessed on a scale from 0 to 6. The sources of resistance included highly resistant samples, the damage of which did not exceed 2 points. These are samples of spring barley V19-6718, V21-6723, B25-6260, B33-6315, V33-6767, V34-6713, V40-6828, K-91-2, K104-1, S-106, K-134- 3 and spring soft wheat Altaiskaya 75, K-613-2, K-654-1, K-229-9, K-693-2, K-780-1, K-696-7, KSI-10, of interest for selection for fungal diseases.
Tungsten inert gas (TIG) and metal inert gas (MIG) welding applications - critical review
Authors: Lawal Sunday L. , Afolalu Sunday A. , Jen Tien-Chien , Akinlabi Esther T.
Published: June 2023

The review focused on the applications of tungsten inert gas a (TIG) metal inert gas (MIG) welding processes. Each of the welding process was critical studied to understand the operations and the need to maintain safety and reliable weld with adequate mechanical properties. In addition, the various applications in the aerospace, aeronautic, automotive and food packaging industries were critically highlighted. However, there potentials as well as problems highlighted have been critically reviewed and reported especially porosity which usually result into hole defects at the weld joint as well as plastic deformation due to the frictional heat induced have been reported in this study. Furthermore, the study further recommended friction stir processes integrated with TIG/MIG welding as an alternative method that will solve the problems associated with fatigue behaviour of welded joint. Thus, the study provided potential information to all stakeholders especially the professional welders on the need-to-know which method is applicable to aluminium alloy welding
Prospects of using basalt fibers in light industry
Authors: Kulieva Dilafruz , Avezov Mavlon
Published: June 2023

The paper considers the use of basalt ore - natural raw materials of volcanic origin - in Uzbekistan, as well as the wide use of basalt fibers in various sectors of the economy and their further prospects. Basalt rocks are raw materials for production of fibers and ultrafine fibers, belong to magmatic rocks and possess high natural chemical and thermal stability. Basalt rocks are single-component raw materials that have been enriched, melted and homogenized by ancient volcanic activity. However, the main energy input for the primary melting of basalts was carried out by nature. Basalt is a natural raw material ready for fiber production. The article describes the technological process from extraction of fibers from basalt rocks to their spinning and weaving, obtaining finished fabrics. Laboratory analyses to determine their resistance to tearing, stretching and compression are conducted. The possibility of sewing work clothes from basalt fabrics is considered.
Litterfall carbon cycle in pine stands growing in the Central Siberian subtaiga forest-steppe zone
Authors: Melnik Alexandra , Chanchikova Svetlana , Vais Andrey , Nemich Victor , Mikhaylov Pavel
Published: June 2023

The article presents the methodology of collection and desk study of forest litterfall samples. The fractional composition of woody debris has been studied. Biomass and carbon stocks in pine stands litter have been estimated.
Research of the activity of Fe-pillared montmorillonites in aqueous dye solution
Authors: Abdikamalova Aziza , Zhuraeva Feruza , Ibodullayeva Saida , Eshmetov Izzat , Sharipova Aisha
Published: June 2023

High specific surface area, large micropore volume, concentration of surface acid sites, and increased density of sorption sites make montmorillonite pillared as an excellent adsorbent and catalyst to remove contaminants from wastewater. The studies are aimed at establishing the adsorption and catalytic activity of Fe pillared montmorillonite based on Krantau and Navbakhor bentonite in relation to dyes from solutions. It has been shown that the introduction of Fe3+ ions into the interlayer space of a natural sample increases the activity with respect to the anionic dye by more than 2 folds. Despite the large specific surface area of the original Navbakhor clay, compared to Krantau clay, the activity for Congo red is greater in the pillar of the latter. It has been established that Fe-pillared materials are active catalysts for the oxidation of dyes by hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solutions and lead to its 100% conversion. An increase in the temperature of catalytic oxidation ranged from 25 to 55°C increases the discoloration degree of Congo red solution under homogeneous conditions by 1.5 folds or more, and under conditions of heterogeneous catalysis at least three folds.
Research of innovative adsorbents in cottonseed oil refinement technology
Authors: Majidova Shakhnoza , Majidov Kakhramon
Published: June 2023

Based on the results of a comprehensive research of the nature and colloid-chemical properties of selected local clays before and after their acid activation, it has been established that Shafrikan bentonite (Bukhara region) and Mayskiy clay (Tashkent region) are promising raw materials for obtaining effective adsorbents for the oil and fat industry. The new types of adsorbents in cottonseed oil bleaching technology have been studied. The main sorption properties of local clays as adsorbents have been determined. The dependence of the chromaticity of cottonseed oils on the sorption properties of innovative types of adsorbents has been established. The temperature limits of the first, second and third “effect” for selected samples of local clays has been established by the method of differential thermal analysis. A spectral method has been developed for quantitative evaluation of the selectivity of adsorbents in the bleaching of vegetable oils, in particular cottonseed oils. Mathematical models have been developed for obtaining activated adsorbents from local clays, and based on them the optimal modes of recommended processes have been selected. The intensifying role of vacuum in the production of activated adsorbents from local clays has been established.
Polymer structure-forming agents for control the characteristics of drilling fluids
Authors: Abdikamalova Aziza , Kalilaev Makset , Khojanazarova Sarvigul , Khalilov Muzaffar , Bukharov Shukhrat
Published: June 2023

Polyacrylamide and its derivatives are the most widely used industrial water-soluble acrylic polymers due to their low cost and high molecular weight. In drilling, there is a great demand for associating copolymers of acrylamide and hydrophobic comonomers. Therefore, the processes of synthesis and hydrolysis of the copolymer of acrylamide and maleic acid were studied to obtain drilling fluid stabilizers. The highest viscosity characteristics are demonstrated by samples of polymers obtained at a molar ratio of 1:7≤8. The yield of polymeric products is about 92.6, 98.1, and 96.3%, at a molar ratio of acid and acrylamide АA 1:5, 1:7, and 1:10, respectively. It has been established that an increase in the temperature of the polymer hydrolysis system contributes to an increase in the degree of conversion. Therefore, at temperatures above 80°C, an increase in yield is observed, which is primarily due to a decrease in the viscosity of the system and due to an increase in the speed of movement of polymer macromolecules. The polymer obtained in this way - MKAA-7 is characterized by higher viscosity and improved filtration characteristics compared to commercial drilling fluid stabilizers, such as hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile, PAА and CMC (carbossimetilcellulosa).
The process of mixing and heat exchange of dry dispersible substances
Authors: Abdurakhmonov Olim , Abdullayev Fayoz
Published: June 2023

Dry dispersible substances are used as raw materials in almost all branches of production, mainly in chemical, pharmaceutical, food, construction and other industries. Therefore, there is always a need for facilities that process this product. One of the most important of these devices is the mixer. First of all, it is an important task to create efficient and energy-efficient mixers suitable for the product type and production process. Mixers are based on the process of mixing. We used a horizontal mixer to mix the dry dispersible substances and also installed a cooling shell in the mixing zone. Based on laboratory experience, we considered the process of wet mixing of dry substances. In the process of mixing, the dependence of the degree of mixing on the design of the mixers was studied. The dependence of the power required during the mixing process on the frequency of mixing was studied. In the process of mixing the mixture, the dependence of cooling water consumption was studied. In the process of mixing, the product obtained in laboratory conditions fully meets the requirements. The created device meets the production requirements and has been determined to be economically efficient.
The effect of a Trichodermin biopreparation based on poplar litter on the germination of tomatoes and wheat
Authors: Mamaeva Olga O. , Isaeva Elena V.
Published: June 2023

The paper presents the results of the study of a biological product of the type "Trichodermin", obtained as a result of biodegradation of plant waste - poplar litter - by Siberian strains K6-15 Trichoderma spp. Two methods were used: seed dusting and the introduction of a biological product into the soil with different concentrations. Germination and number of infected seeds of tomato (Irina F1 variety, Geolia) and Novosibirskaya 31 soft spring wheat were evaluated in the work.
Environmentally friendly regeneration of used energy oils
Authors: Aliev Abror , Ganieva Sayyora , Smanov Bakitjan , Adizov Bobirjon , Rakhimov Bekzod
Published: June 2023

The article covers the problem of regeneration of used petroleum oils, i.e., transformer, turbine and compressor oils in order to restore their physical and chemical properties and return them for their reuse for their intended purpose. In order to restore the petroleum oils purified from undesirable impurities, the Ionol antioxidant nozzle was implemented. The conducted studies have shown the possibility of using dehydrated Navbakhor bentonite and Kermine opoka-like clay for the regeneration of used oils. The regeneration of the waste compressor KP-8S used oil of Navoiyazot JSC was carried out under laboratory conditions using a local sorbent of opoka-like clays of the Kermine deposit. The resulting regenerated oils have a high and time-stable demulsifying ability and the rest of the inspected physical and chemical properties comply with the GOST standards.
Determination of the required amount of carbon dioxide for the storage of compound feed in a soft sealed container
Authors: Chernyshev Aleksey D. , Kostenko Mikhail Y. , Murog Igor A. , Antonenko Nadezhda A. , Pоsalina Anastasiya E.
Published: June 2023

When the finished feed is stored in the air, various components are oxidized, resulting in deterioration of the feed, with the release of a rich unpleasant odor, taste and the formation of compounds of decomposition products: aldehydes, hydroxy acids, ketones and other substances. A method for packaging combined feeds in a carbon dioxide environment is proposed, which involves long-term storage. When carbon dioxide interacts with water, carbonic acid is formed, which has a positive effect on the safety of combined feed and prevents its spoilage.
Algorithm for the analysis of the electrical parameters of the electric motor in energy-intensive technological processes
Authors: Saidova Мukhabbat , Urinov Nodir
Published: June 2023

Implementation of technological processes of shaping is one of the main components of energy intensity of mechanical engineering enterprises. One of the methods for reducing energy intensity in implementation of technological processes of mechanical engineering is the method of compensating the reactive component of the power consumed during their operation. It is advisable to implement this method by means of automation, which allows not only considering the actual parameters of the technological process and equipment, but also increasing the efficiency of compensation and, as a result, reduce the energy intensity of technological processes and increase the competitiveness of products. The relationship between the parameters of technological process, the rated power of electrical equipment and the energy consumed in the implementation of these processes are determined in the article. Their peculiarity is that the main reason for the increase in the energy intensity of technological processes of mechanical engineering is the difference between the real cutting power and the rated power of the equipment. The article proposes a method for controlling the energy intensity of technological processes of mechanical engineering by means of automatic compensation of reactive component of the current consumed during the implementation of these technological processes.
Assessment of the impact of the industrial enterprise on the environment by determining the integrated (generalized) energy efficiency performance indicator
Authors: Gafurov Mirzokhid , Sadullaev Nasullo
Published: June 2023

The article summarizes the efficiency indicators. The authors have developed comprehensive efficiency indicators of the enterprise for a complete assessment of the efficiency of energy use. The comprehensive efficiency index of the enterprise is divided into three stages: generation of energy, energy transmission and energy consumption. In this case, the efficiency of using primary energy resources in the enterprise was accepted as a priority criterion. The integrated (generalized) energy efficiency indicator of the industrial enterprise was developed taking into account the participation of renewable energy sources in the energy consumption of the enterprise and the impact of energy consumption on the environment. The most effective way to green production and reduce carbon emissions per unit of product is through energy efficiency testing. Capturing and reducing carbon emissions per product can be achieved through energy efficiency research. It has good energy efficiency in terms of production quality and ease of production methods. The article describes in detail not only the evaluation methodology for evaluating the impact of production on the environment, but also the energy intensive in the production of unit of product and the coefficient of efficiency work in energy production and transmission in generalized indicators.