bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AKUNTABILITAS DAN TRANSPARASI PENGELOLAN ALOKASI DANA DESA PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR DESA BLERONG
Authors: Rachmawati Widyana Cici , Indudewi Dian
Published: May 2024

Alokasi dana desa (ADD) merupakan wujud nyata pemenuhan otonomi desa, agar tumbuh dan berkembang mengikuti pertumbuhan desa itu sendiri berdasarkan keanekaragaman, partisipasi, demokrasi, serta pemberdayaan masyarakat. Dalam pengelolaan dan pelaksanaan kegiatan pemerintahan desa, perlu adanya prinsip transparansi dan akuntabilitas.  Desa Blerong merupakan salah satu desa yang ada di Kecamatan Guntur Kabupaten Demak yang memiliki 8 Dusun, mendapatkan Anggaran Alokasi Dana Desa (ADD) yang cukup besar di Kecamatan Guntur. Anggaran alokasi dana desa di desa Blerong setiap tahunya mengalami peningkatan, Melihat permasalahan di atas minimnya penerapan Akuntabilitas dan Transparansi dan ketidak terbukaan antara aparatur desa dengan Masyarakat menjadi ragu dalam pengelolaan Alokasi Dana Desa di Desa Blerong. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kantor Desa di Desa Blerong, Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui Desa Blerong telah Akuntabel dan Transparasi Dalam Pengelolaan ADD di Desa Blerong Kecamatan Guntur Kabupaten Demak. Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif, dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Kantor Kelurahan Blerong, Kecamatan Guntur, Kabupaten Demak. Subyek penelitian ini adalah informan sebagai sumber data penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan Alokasi Dana Desa di desa Blerong sudah baik dengan menggunakan Undang-undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa dan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri (Permendagri) Nomor 20 tahun 2018 tentang Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa. Tahap pelaksanaan dilakukan oleh tim pelaksana kegiatan tahap pengelolaan Alokasi Dana Desa sudah berjalan dengan tertib dan pelaporanya sudah sesuai dengan standar. Pada tahap pelaporan kepala desa melaporkan realisasi penggunaan anggaran kepada pemerintah daerah, badan musyawarah desa, dan Masyarakat desa.

 

 
THE CARBON FOOTPRINT AND MONETARY VALUE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPAIRMENT BY THE DISPLACEMENT TOWARDS PROTECTED AREAS IN ECUADOR
Authors: Córdova Jaime Fabián Díaz , Medina Edisson Marcelo Coba , Zurita Héctor Santiago López , Meza Estefanía de las Mercedes Zurita
Published: May 2024

Objective: Generate environmental awareness and economic valuation of the pollution caused by the movement of people to the protected areas (PA) of Ecuador from the city of Ambato.
 
Theoretical Framework: The perspectives of alternative development and sustainable development models provide the theoretical framework that supports this work and allows us to envision alternatives for solving environmental conflicts such as pollution and environmental deterioration of the country's protected areas.
 
Method: The methodology used was built based on environmental assessment methods. Thus, first, the country's protected areas were identified, and the distances from Ambato to the PAs in kilometers were calculated. Then, the fuel used for the trip was calculated, as well as the fuel consumption of the round trip, which helped to obtain the carbon footprint generated by the transfer and determine the environmental cost of the carbon dioxide emission.
 
Results and Discussion: The investigation results determined that the cost of environmental contamination when visiting the 47 Ecuadorian protected areas was $395,391.37.
 
Research Implications: However, the contribution of this study focuses on providing evidence that conserving nature is more profitable than exploiting it.
 
Originality/Value: The study demonstrates the need to change transportation for a sustainable mobility system to achieve social, economic, and environmental balance.
Analysis of the Effect of Family-Centered Empowerment Model (FCEM) Health Education Through WeChat on Medication Compliance and Blood Pressure of Elderly Hypertensive Patients in Rural Areas
Authors: Yang Yingying , Conde Alita R.
Published: May 2024

Objective: To validate the effectiveness of a Family-Centered Empowerment Model (FCEM) health education through WeChat on medication compliance and blood pressure among elderly hypertensive patients in rural areas. Methods: One hundred and two rural elderly hypertensive patients aged 65–80 years were selected and randomly divided into an experimental and control group of 51 each. The control group implemented conventional health education, and the experimental group implemented FCEM health education through WeChat platform for 4 consecutive weeks. The Therapeutic Adherence Scale for Hypertensive Patients (TASHP) scores and blood pressure measurements were compared between and within the two groups. Results: After the intervention, there were significant differences in medication compliance and blood pressure between the two groups (P < 0.001). In the control group, before and after the intervention, there was a significant difference in medication compliance (P < 0.001), but no significant difference in blood pressure (P > 0.05). In the experimental group, there were significant differences in medication compliance and blood pressure before and after the intervention (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The FCEM health education through an online social platform significantly improved medication compliance and led to effective blood pressure control in rural elderly hypertensive patients. Therefore, as an effective, safe, and economical model, it is also necessary to explore its effectiveness in improving health problems in other chronic diseases and other age groups.
Survey on the Demand for Elderly Care Services of Community Residents in Beijing and Analysis of Influencing Factors
Authors: Zhai Yue , Bi Xianguo , Liu Weimin , Wang Hong , Zhang Xinxin , Chen Jing
Published: May 2024

Objective: To investigate the current situation of the demand for geriatric care services of community residents in Beijing and analyse the factors affecting it, so as to provide a reference basis for meeting the demand for diversified and professional geriatric care services. Methods: A random sampling method was used, employing a self-made questionnaire to randomly survey 1558 elderly individuals at community health service centers in eight urban districts where elderly care centers are planned to be built, analyzing the influencing factors of different characteristics of the elderly care service needs from three aspects using a dichotomous logistic regression model: predisposing, enabling, and need factors.Results: 69.7% of the elderly had the need for home care services, 22.8% wanted to get care services at elderly care centres, 15.9% wanted to get care services at nursing homes, 12.3% had the need for community care services, and 7.4% didn't know where to get care services; 68.5% had the need for care services for the elderly with disabilities/semi-disabilities, 58.0% for care services for the elderly with dementia, 58.0% for care services for the elderly with common diseases, and 58.0% for care services for the elderly with dementia. 58.0 per cent, 54.7 per cent for care for the elderly with common or frequent illnesses, 34.9 per cent for rehabilitation training, 33.0 per cent for plumbing care, and 7.5 per cent for hospice/hospice care. At the same time, there were urban-rural differences in the demand for elderly care services, with suburban elderly having a higher demand for care services than urban ones (P < 0.05). Elderly people's demand for care services was mainly related to age, place of residence, and gender in the causative factors, mode of residence and physical condition in the able factors, and mode of care services and care needs in the need factors(P <0.05). Conclusion: The demand for elderly care services is differentiated by the factors of residence, age and gender; accurately matching the demand for elderly care services, innovating the mode of elderly care services and improving the quality are important strategies to improve the elderly health service system.
Determinants of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Young Adults Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Selected Tertiary Hospitals in Shandong Province, China
Authors: Liu Yao , D. Agunod Cyrelle
Published: May 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study is to understand the current situation of knowledge, attitude, and practice of self-management in young patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to explore the relationship between general conditions (personal, social, and environment, clinical factors) and their knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of diabetes self-management, This aims to provide patients with high-quality nursing care management and services, as well as to provide relevant recommendations for effective self-management. Methods: This study is a descriptive correlational study that used the purposive sampling method to investigate 359 patients with T2DM aged 18–25 years in four designated tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province. Results: Knowledge of self-management was correlated with sex, age, education level, occupation and work situation, monthly household income, medical payment method, family and friend support, frequency of diabetes health education, and diabetes complications. The attitude subscale was correlated with sex, age, education level, work situation, and family and friend support. The practice subscale was associated with age, education level, work situation, family and friend support, frequency of diabetes health education, and HbA1c values. Conclusion: Young adults aged 18–25 with T2DM have positive attitudes towards diabetes self-management, but there are still deficiencies in knowledge acquisition and behavioral practice. The KAP of self-management of diabetes is influenced by personal factors such as sex, age, and education level, and socio-environmental factors such as family income and family or friends’ social support. Additionally, clinical factors such as complications and HbA1c values significantly impacted the patient’s disease self-management ability.
Educational Innovation: Teacher- and Student-Made Videos to Enhance English Proficiency at University Level
Authors: Argudo-Serrano Juanita , Lorena Albán-Neira María , Lenin Argudo Garzon Antonio , Andrés Sánchez Rodríguez Javier , Paola Orellana Parra Nancy
Published: May 2024

In the context of English as a foreign language (EFL) education, the efficacy of various instructional approaches has been a subject of ongoing concern. Traditional teacher-led methods have been challenged by the emergence of video-based instruction, raising questions about which approach yields the more effective learning outcomes. This study investigated the impact of student- and teacher-made video implementation versus traditional teacher-led methods on EFL class outcomes. Standardized tests were used to assess the English proficiency levels of 214 students who registered for EFL classes in a higher education institution in Cuenca, Ecuador. A quantitative methodology with quasi-experimental type and Solomon four-group design was applied to examine the effects of these different instructional approaches, comparing groups both with and without pre-tests. The students were organized into groups at random. The results were arranged into two sections, one comparing post-test scores and the other focusing on mean differences among those who experienced both pre-test and post-test assessments. Notably, statistically significant differences were observed in post-test evaluations within the groups that received pre-tests, indicating that it influenced post-test outcomes. However, the most important finding was that the intervention group had a better mean difference in English level than the control group. The findings highlight the importance of considering pre-tests when designing effective instructional strategies and suggest further investigation into the dynamics of video-based versus teacher-led instruction in EFL education.
Pesquisa narrativa, emoção e reflexão na formação de professores
Authors: Rodrigues Guedes Marise , Alomba Ribeiro Maria D'Ajuda , Camargo Aragão Rodrigo
Published: May 2024

Este artigo tem como meta investigar os impactos da reflexão para a autoconsciência sobre as emoções e as ações de uma professora de Língua Espanhola, em um contexto de formação continuada de um Instituto Federal situado na Bahia. Destacamos a produtividade da Pesquisa Narrativa para o fomento à reflexão no campo da formação de professores. O trabalho está fundamentado em conceitos da Biologia do Conhecer e sua interface com estudos sobre as inter-relações entre emoções, linguagem e reflexão na formação de professores de línguas. A metodologia está pautada na Pesquisa Narrativa com uso de instrumentos tais como autobiografias, questionários, rodas de conversações e entrevistas com análise de conteúdo. Como resultados, observou-se que a Pesquisa Narrativa propiciou reflexões sobre as emoções e o modo como as ações são por elas influenciadas nesse processo de ensinar-aprender, o que reitera estudos anteriores. Além disso, este trabalho destaca que a reintegração das emoções nos espaços de formação continuada de professores os impulsiona a novas ações, proporcionando sentimentos de valorização fomentados pela Pesquisa Narrativa.
Dentro da noite, de João do Rio: crime e medo na metrópole moderna
Authors: Ferraz Fraccari Sabrina , Brum Santos Pedro
Published: May 2024

Este artigo objetiva analisar o conto “Dentro da noite”, de João do Rio (1881-1921), considerando as relações estabelecidas entre a narrativa e as ficções de crime, populares no período 1870-1920, bem como com a estética decadentista, influência marcante para a literatura do escritor carioca. Com base em Miguel-Pereira (1973), Mendes (2017), Barbosa (2010), El Far (2004), Kalifa (2019), Porto (2009), entre outros, promovemos um diálogo entre a profissionalização dos escritores junto à consolidação da imprensa, a relação dos intelectuais com os romances de sensação, livros muito procurados pelos leitores no período em questão e, ainda, a ascensão do sensacionalismo popular, no qual o crime torna-se o grande protagonista. Em nossa leitura, no conto “Dentro da noite”, João do Rio emprega elementos das ficções de crime e dos romances de sensação, tais como um criminoso o crime e a atmosfera de medo, ao mesmo tempo em que, influenciado pelo Decadentismo, empreende uma análise psicológica das personagens, a fim de compreender os motivos para a mudança de comportamento do rapaz. Ao fazer isso, o escritor desvincula sua imagem das narrativas sobre crimes populares no período, ao mesmo tempo em que emprega elementos característicos destas a fim de alcançar maior número de vendas.
A escrita gaguejante e performática em "Manchas na pele, linguagem", de Nuno Ramos
Authors: Simeão Silva Maduro Priscila , Ferreirinha Carlos Augusto
Published: May 2024

O fragmento “Manchas na pele, linguagem”, que abre o texto Ó (2008), do escritor e artista plástico Nuno Ramos, está inscrito no embate entre palavra e matéria. Este artigo tem, como objetivo, discutir as noções dos limites da linguagem e do dizer nesse fragmento, assim como refletir a propósito da construção de uma linguagem-matéria performática apontada e tecida pelo narrador da obra de Nuno Ramos. Sustenta-se, aqui, que “Manchas na pele, linguagem”, ao buscar conhecer a origem da palavra, joga luz à sua incapacidade mimética. Acrescente-se que essa insuficiência da língua em significar faz com que o narrador encene a linguagem, mais do que apenas a utilize para uma comunicação pragmática. Nesse sentido, há, no primeiro fragmento da obra, a matéria-linguagem em situação de performance. Para refletirmos a propósito dessas problematizações, lançaremos mão dos pressupostos de Deleuze (2011) acerca da fratura na língua corrente para mobilizar uma linguagem/escrita gaguejante e dos estudos de Zumthor (2005; 2007) sobre performance. Vislumbra-se, aqui, um texto que propõe uma escrita fraturada, mobilizando uma gagueira criativa. São nessas brechas que a performance, enquanto ação viva, precisa tomar espaço, a fim de concretizar a materialidade da linguagem no corpo.
Quão complexo é o gênero gramatical?
Authors: Carvalho Danniel
Published: May 2024

Os dois volumes de Grammatical gender and linguistic complexity [Gênero gramatical e complexidade linguística], organizados por Francesca Di Garbo e Bernhard Wälchli, ambos pesquisadores da Universidade de Estocolmo, e Bruno Olsson, pesquisador da Universidade Nacional Australiana reúnem 15 capítulos que discutem diversos aspectos do gênero gramatical em diversas línguas naturais. A maior parte do material compilado nos dois volumes é o resultado do workshop com o mesmo nome realizado entre os dias 20 e 21 de novembro de 2015, pelo Departamento de Linguística da Universidade de Estocolmo, na Suécia, tendo alguns capítulos, no entanto, sido agregados durante o processo de construção dos volumes.
Refrações da literatura brasileira contemporânea em As ilusões domésticas, de Antônio Rubens Prado
Authors: Messias de Paulo Renan Henrique
Published: May 2024

A literatura brasileira contemporânea é múltipla, sendo um conjunto de refrações. A obra de Antônio Rubens Prado se enquadra nesse conceito pois apresenta um mundo de possibilidades e interpretações de leitura do mundo presente. A vida familiar que ultrapassa o limite da vida privada; a religião como guia de sentido da existência de algumas vidas; os paradigmas das relações sociais e afetivas; a memória e o trauma como alicerces da reprodução da vida são algumas das características presentes nessa coletânea que certamente os leitores identificarão e comprovarão que esta é uma boa referência do que se tem produzido na literatura brasileira nos dias de hoje.
THE WORLD THROUGH YOGIS' EYES: INNER AND OUTER TRATAKA. EXERCISES FOR VISION
Authors: Lvova Tatyana
Published: May 2024

The book by T.G. Lvova introduces readers to the author's interpretations of various yoga tech- niques related to the eyes as an organ of vision and the function of vision in general. Yogic hygien- ic procedures for the eyes are considered, as well as Trataka - a phenomenon of Hatha and Raja yoga, which combines a number of physical “general development” exercises involving the eyes, exercises with visual concentration of attention, and exercises in inner concentration using the ability to recreate the visual image mentally. All exercises are described in detail and illustrated. The materials of the book are directed to specialists in the field of physical culture and to the public reader.
Concepciones y Prácticas Evaluativas en la Formación Inicial del Profesorado en Educación Física
Authors: Asenjo-Paredes Catalina , Gallardo-Fuentes Francisco , Carter-Thuillier Bastian , Peña-Troncoso Sebastián
Published: May 2024

La evaluación ha dejado de ser una instancia que sólo certifica el logro alcanzado a través de una calificación, sino actualmente se entiende como un elemento fundamental para favorecer los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El objetivo del presente estudio fue “Conocer las concepciones y prácticas evaluativas del alumnado y profesorado de la FIPEF (Formación Inicial del Profesorado en Educación Física) de dos campus universitarios de la zona sur austral de Chile”. Para ello, se contó con una muestra de 219 alumnos y alumnas (edad M = 21.6 y dt. = 2.8) de dos campus universitarios que cursaban Formación Inicial del Profesorado en Educación Física (FIPEF) y 21 profesores y profesoras (edad M = 50.3 y dt. = 13.2). Se aplicó el “Cuestionario para el estudio del sistema de evaluación en la formación inicial del profesorado de educación física” de forma virtual, sometiendo los resultados a pruebas estadísticas como la media, desviación típica y pruebas inferenciales. Los principales resultados dejan ver la presencia de metodologías e instrumentos tradicionales de evaluación, así como, una apreciación diferenciada entre alumnado vs. profesorado. Sin embargo, se puede constatar la presencia de intencionalidad formativa en las acciones implementadas por el profesorado.
Stereoacuity in Varying Degrees of Myopia Before and After Correction
Authors: Rehmat Maimoona , Zahid Mawra , Imtiaz Hifza , Mudassar Ansa , Zahid Qandeel , Anjum Misra
Published: May 2024

Background: Stereoacuity is measure of three-dimensional perception due to binocular disparity, helps in recognizing depth while perceiving distance, along supporting in recognition of solid objects. Objective: To compare the stereoacuity among varying degrees of uncorrected myopia and after its correction. Secondly, to compare stereoacuity before and after correcting myopia. Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study. Settings: University Of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore Pakistan. Duration: Study duration was from September 2020 to May 2021. Methods: Sample size was calculated by sample size calculation formula and it was 60. 17 males and 43 were females, aged 18 to 25 years by using non-probability convenient sampling technique. Proforma was used to collect relevant data after taking informed consent. Stereoacuity was measured by using Titmus test before and after correcting varying degrees of myopia. Results: Varying degrees of myopia included 34 patients having low myopia, 21 moderate myopia and 5 patients were high myopic. There was significant difference of stereoacuity in low, moderate, high degrees of myopia (p value =0.00). Mean stereoacuity was 579 ± 1050 seconds of arc. More reduction in stereoacuity was noted in high myopes. Comparing stereoacuity before and after correction depicted significant improvement in stereoacuity (p value =0.019) after correction. Conclusion: Varying degrees of myopia have significant difference in their stereoacuities. So, correction of myopia is very important for preserving of the third grade of binocular single vision.
The Relationship between Serum Vitamin D Levels with Allergic Rhinitis Incidence and Total Nasal Symptom Score in Allergic Rhinitis Patients
Authors: Ikram Aamir , Tahir Muhammad , Akaash Haitham , Ali Salman , Shah Syed Jawad Hussain , Babar Mehreen
Published: May 2024

Background: There is a correlation between allergies and insufficiency in 25-Hydroxyvitamin D. However, there exists a scarcity of studies that have investigated the measurement of Vitamin D levels association with allergic rhinitis. Objective: To assess the correlation between serum vitamin D levels and the occurrence of allergic rhinitis, as well as the overall nasal symptom score in individuals with allergic rhinitis. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Settings: Department of ENT, Abbas Institute of Medical Sciences, Muzaffarabad Pakistan. Duration: January 2022 to June 2022. Methods: The study included all individuals diagnosed with AR, who received treatment and were monitored. The exclusion criteria employed in this study encompassed several categories. Firstly, pediatric patients were excluded from the analysis. Secondly, patients with insufficient follow-up data were also excluded. Results: There were 34.67% male and 65.33% were female. In age groups, 54.67% were aged 19-39, 25.33% were aged 40-59, 12% were aged 60-70, and 6.67% were over 70. Almost 74.67% had low Vitamin D levels, 20% had normal levels, and 5.33% had high levels. About 17.33% had intermittent symptoms, while the majority (82.67%) had persistent symptoms. In terms of TNSS, 44% had mild symptoms, while 56% had moderate to severe symptoms. Results showed a strong relationship between Vitamin D levels and the severity of nasal symptoms in individuals with allergic rhinitis. The P-value of <0.001 indicates a highly significant difference. Specifically, those with mild allergic rhinitis had notably higher Vitamin D levels (22.42±3.87 ng/ml) compared to those with moderate to severe symptoms (15.31±2.64 ng/ml). Conclusion: In this research, we investigated the connection between vitamin D insufficiency and allergic rhinitis (AR). We detected a meaningful association between vitamin D insufficiency and increased eosinophil counts, while there was no significant correlation with serum IgE levels.
Complicated Necrotizing Enterocolitis in a full-term Infant – A Case Report
Authors: Iftikhar Sabika , Sheikh Umer , Rafique Sajjad
Published: May 2024

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious gastrointestinal disorder primarily affecting preterm infants. However, cases of NEC in full-term infants are relatively rare but can present with unique challenges and clinical features. We present a case report of a full-term baby who developed perforation due to necrotizing enterocolitis shortly after birth. The infant underwent surgery and transverse colostomy was made. Over the course of treatment, the infant showed gradual improvement and was discharged home after a hospital stay of 16 days. This case highlights the atypical presentation of NEC in a full-term infant, underscoring the importance of early recognition and prompt intervention. Although NEC is commonly associated with preterm infants, it should be considered as a potential diagnosis in full term neonates presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for NEC in these cases to ensure timely management and reduce the risk of complications.
Vitamin D Deficiency in the Patients of Diabetes Mellitus and Its Correlation with HbA1c
Authors: Jamali Anwar Ali , Memon Nadeem Ahmed , Rabbani Ubaid , . Komal , Soomro Abdul Karim , Jahanghir Syed
Published: May 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent chronic metabolic disorder. Elevated HbA1c levels are associated with a higher risk of diabetes-related complications. Some studies have suggested a potential correlation between vitamin D levels and HbA1c, indicating that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to poor glycemic control. Objective: To evaluate the vitamin d deficiency in the patients of type-II diabetes mellitus and its correlation with HbA1c. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Settings: Department of Medicine, PUMHS Nawabshah and MMC MirpurKhas Pakistan. Duration: 6 months of period from July 2021 to December 2021. Methods: Study included patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged over 40 years and both genders. A 5ml blood sample was collected from each participant after obtaining informed consent and sent to the diagnostic laboratory to determine the HbA1c levels and vitamin D status. Data collection was carried out using a self-made study proforma, and the data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: A total of 58 diabetes patients were evaluated for vitamin D deficient and its correlation with HbA1c. Overall mean age of the patients was 53.32 ± 8.54 years. Males were 28(48.3%) and females were 30(51.7%). Most of the patients 48.30% had moderately decreased vitamin D level, followed by 25.90% cases had mild deficiency, only one case had severely decreased vitamin D level.  There was a significant negative correlation between vitamin d level and HbA1c (r= - 0.314) (p= 0.016). Conclusion: Among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, there was a higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency. Additionally, a significant inverse relationship was observed between vitamin D deficiency and HbA1c levels.
The Precautionary Role of Ajwa Date on Hepatotoxicity Induced by Anti-Tubercular Drugs
Authors: Farooq Muhammad Shahzad , Majeed Sadia , Khurshid Rukhshan , Tabassum Saima , Shaheen Bushra , Ashraf Huma
Published: May 2024

Background: Anti-tubercular drugs are known to causes hepatic injury, leading to stop the medical treatment by people globally. Ajwa data as herbal medicine may help in hepatic recovery. Objective: To find the precautionary of Ajwa date on hepatotoxicity induced by anti-tubercular drugs in rabbits. Study Design: Experimental study. Settings: Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore Pakistan.  Duration: One year from June 2018-June 2019. Methods: Thirty rabbits were divided into five groups (A, B, C, D & E). Two groups (A, B) were on normal diet and drugs. Three groups (C, D & E) were on drug + Ajwa(seed/flesh) for 14 days. Hepatotoxicity was confirmed by liver enzymes (ALT & AST) and by histopathology of liver tissue. Results: Level of ALT and AST were in normal limits in all groups at the start of experiment. Significant hepatotoxicity was seen after 2 weeks of orally given INH and rifampicin in group B as compared to healthy control group A. Using of Ajwa date during the same period decreased the high levels of enzymes in groups C, D and E and brings liver function normal like healthy controls. Histological findings showed that after the administration of Ajwa, its flesh and powder, the changes of liver structure like degeneration, steatosis, necrosis etc. are relieved. Conclusion: Co-administration of Ajwa date along with its constituents are parallel and effective in reducing isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity.
Frequency of Anxiety During Exam / Assessments among Medical Students
Authors: Butt Ammara , Ishaque Aroosa
Published: May 2024

Background: The phenomenon of severe anxiety and self-doubt experienced by individuals prior to taking exams or assessments can significantly impair their performance, potentially leading to poor outcomes. Research on the prevalence and contributing factors of assessment-related anxiety among medical students in Pakistan is scarce. Objective: The aim of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of exam-related anxiety among medical students and identify its associated factors. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Settings: Allama Iqbal Medical College/ Jinnah Hospital Lahore Pakistan. Duration: Six months from 09-12-2022 to 09- 06-2023. Methods: After approval of the study proposal and attaining the informed consent of the medical students, they were explained the purpose of study. After inclusion, all the students were asked questions as per PHCC test anxiety questionnaire to determine presence as well as healthy or unhealthy nature of stress. All these students with anxiety were assessed for factors related to this stress including female gender, 1st year of medical college, oral exam, poor time management skills and pre-existing psychological distress. All data was collected in a self- made pro forma. Results: Total of 135 students, mean age was 23.30±2.48 years. Frequency of anxiety was 51.1% (n=69). Frequency of female gender factors in students with anxiety versus without anxiety was 52.3%% (n=56) versus 47.7% (n=51), 1st year in medical college 87.9% (n=58) versus 12.1% (n=8), oral exam 79.7% (n=59) versus 20.3% (n=15), poor time management skills 95.6% (n=43) versus 4.4% (n=2) and pre-existing psychological distress was 92.3% (n=24) versus 7.7% (n=2). Conclusion: The results indicate that a considerable proportion of medical students experience significant exam anxiety, with 51.1% affected. The study further revealed a notable correlation between anxiety and factors such as being in the first year of medical college, facing oral exams, inadequate time management skills, and pre-existing psychological distress. Given its prevalence, the issue of problematic exam anxiety among medical students warrants increased attention.
Post-Operative Complications Associated with Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Removal
Authors: Kalsoom Farzana , Hassan Labiba , Khan Usman Qadir , Soomro Hajra , Siddique Sobia , Nawadat Kanza
Published: May 2024

Background: The extraction of the third molar is a commonly done treatment that is often accompanied by a diverse range of difficulties. The problems most frequently observed are discomfort, paresthesia, trismus, edema, and mandibular fractures. Objective: To determine the post-operative complications associated with impacted mandibular third molar removal. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Settings: Department of Oral Pathology, Frontier Medical and Dental College, Abbottabad Pakistan. Duration: September 2022 to February 2023. Methods: The study involved cross-sectional analysis of all surgical removals of third molars. The analysis encompassed postoperative complications such as bleeding, trismus, or edema, along with demographic characteristics and the type of impaction. The collected data was organized into a tabular format and analyzed using SPSS software. Statistical significance was defined as a P-value of less than 0.05." Results: There were 133 females (59.1%) and 92 males (40.9%) in the study. In terms of age distribution, the majority of patients (60.0%) were in the 21–30 age group. Regarding retention type, advanced cases were accounted for the majority at 75.6%, simple cases at 21.8%, and complex cases at 2.7%. Among the cases, 34.7% were categorized as minimally difficult (scores 3 to 4), 57.3% fell into the moderately difficult category (scores 5 to 6), and 8.0% were classified as very difficult cases (scores 7 to 10). The data indicates that there were 129 cases of pain, accounting for 57.3% of the total complications. Paresthesia occurred in 17 cases, representing 7.6% of the complications. Mandibular fracture was rare, with only one case, making up 0.4% of the complications. Alveolar osteitis was reported in 28 cases, comprising 12.4% of the total complications. Bleeding occurred in 5 cases, accounting for 2.2% of the complications. Conclusion: The most frequently observed complication was pain, with swelling and trismus following as the next most common.
CULTURAL DIVERSITY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN ART AND DESIGN THROUGH NEW-AGE MEDIA
Authors: Jha Aditi
Published: May 2024

Culture is a broad-spectrum term commonly used to identify habits of a heterogeneous social groups which develop in a specific geographic location. It is evidently reflected through the various art practices, be it visual or performing arts, or artifacts created by the artisans. They have become an integral part of the cultural ethos. India is a country rich in such diverse treasure of cultural practices through art. Artisans have also migrated beyond their original geographical boundaries to diversify the reach of the art. It is an important cultural asset which helps to preserve the culture and heritage of a community or the skill-sets of the artisans. Our ancestors have been preserving this culture of storytelling through the art forms which show a perspective of life. They also contribute to the livelihood of the craftsmen, thus contributing to the economy of the country. There is beauty in promoting cultural diversity; people learn new skills from other cultural groups and encourage innovation through various art forms and designs. In the contemporary era of technology, modernization and globalization, the traditional art forms are fading away. Sustainability of these valuable these art forms is a concern today. Purposes and functionality of these art practices have also diversified. The study creates new objectives through cultural diversity and designing new products for sustainable development in art and design. The article discusses some aspects of technological intervention in these art practices that can help sustain these heritages. Thus diversification of media, purpose and an involvement of the young generation can help to preserve the social cultural ethos of our country.
Comercio electrónico global y colaboración e innovación en Procter & Gamble
Authors: Lasluisa Morales Richard Guillermo
Published: May 2024

El presente artículo constituye un trabajo académico de investigación relacionado con el comercio electrónico, las herramientas de colaboración y la innovación aplicada en la empresa Procter & Gamble que es reconocida como una de las compañías de mayor éxito a nivel mundial en el desarrollo de nuevas marcas en productos de cuidado de belleza, cuidado del hogar, salud y belleza. Describe su modelo de negocio, las herramientas de colaboración que ha implementado y cómo la innovación abierta ha permitido alcanzar las metas de esta organización. Describe una propuesta para aplicar otras formas para el trabajo cooperativo y un proceso metodológico para la selección de herramientas colaborativas aplicadas a pequeñas y medianas empresas. Finalmente se incluye un estudio de la realidad ecuatoriana en torno a la aplicación del gobierno, comercio electrónico e innovación.
Aseguramiento de flujo en el transporte de petróleo pesado – disminución de caudal
Authors: Zambrano Armijos Mónica Alexandra
Published: May 2024

La investigación demanda para su estudio el análisis de los diferentes caudales de producción de petróleopesado con diferentes calidades API, por lo que para tal efecto se considera condiciones actuales de transporte de fluido por el oleoducto. El análisis se fundamenta en las simulaciones de estado dinámico. Para el caso base, motivo de estudio, se nota la presencia de una baja desviación en los parámetros simulados y se lo considera representativo, debido a las condiciones de frontera del oleoducto, las composiciones del fluido y su ajuste a las diferentes calidades API, datos de la tubería, condiciones ambientales y la máxima presión de operación del oleoducto.El estudio y las simulaciones llevadas a cabo, permiten concluir que el aseguramiento de flujo en el oleoducto en condiciones actuales de operación es de un caudal mayor a 14.000 bopd (barriles de petróleopor día) para no superar las presiones de operación permisibles, en tanto que para transportar flujos menores es necesario considerar otras alternativas de manejo de flujo: inyección de diluyente, mejoradores de flujo o puntos de calentamiento adicionales a lo largo del oleoducto.
Internet como servicio público
Authors: Topon Salinas María Gabriela
Published: May 2024

La siguiente investigación tiene como objetivo principal, el análisis de la utilización del  internet como servicio público,  esta herramienta tecnológica ha ido creciendo de manera inimaginable en la humanidad a través del paso del tiempo. Se realiza un análisis en el Ecuador para determinar si a este medio de comunicación se lo puede considerar como  de primera necesidad y si incide en el desarrollo de la población como tal, todos los sectores a nivel mundial se han visto influenciados por el desarrollo de las tecnologías de información y comunicación dentro de las cuales circula un gran flujo de información y conocimiento que cambian los procesos de producción y que a su vez la sociedad se mantiene intercomunicada, como consecuencia de este análisis determinar si es o no pertinente la creación de una empresa de servicio público dentro de la cual se establecerán definiciones que sirvan como guía para la creación de una empresa con objetivos definidos y políticas claramente establecidas para la municipalidad del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito.
Análisis de la Situación Actual del Servicio Público de Telefonía Fija frente al Servicio de Telefonía Móvil en el Ecuador
Authors: Estupiñan Andrea Verónica
Published: May 2024

Las telecomunicaciones constituyen un servicio público garantizado por el Estado Ecuatoriano. El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad el diagnóstico de la situación actual del servicio de telefonía fija y la determinación de medidas de optimización frente a la competencia de telefonía móvil. La metodología utilizada consiste en la revisión de información secundaria impresa y on line, así como entrevistas con líderes de opinión que conocen la administración, regulación y control de este sector. De los resultados obtenidos se concluye que el servicio de telefonía fija no desaparecerá ya que la inversión realizada por el Estado es cuantiosa, y que además la plataforma de red permite el empaquetamiento de múltiples servicios. La investigación permite establecer que la competencia que existe con la telefonía móvil se concentra en el consumo más no en la cobertura y entre las medidas de optimización identificadas se plantea principalmente la eliminación de los cargos de interconexión, con la cual se reducirá el precio final  e impulsará la competencia.
Towards Dialogue in the Crim Disciplines
Authors: Ireland David , Jochelson Richard
Published: May 2024

Towards Dialogue in the Crim Disciplines
Lost in Translation? The Difference Between the Hearsay Rule’s Historical Rationale and Practical Application
Authors: Sewrattan Christopher
Published: May 2024

Lost in Translation? The Difference Between the Hearsay Rule’s Historical Rationale and Practical Application
Bill 30: The Local Vehicles for Hire Act: Manitoba’s Controversial Approach to Ride Sharing Services
Authors: Kieloch Kasia
Published: May 2024

Bill 30: The Local Vehicles for Hire Act: Manitoba’s Controversial Approach to Ride Sharing Services
Bill 16: Manitoba’s Change to the Fatality Inquiries Act
Authors: Mirwaldt Nichole
Published: May 2024

Bill 16: Manitoba’s Change to the Fatality Inquiries Act
Bill 5: The Mental Health Amendment and Personal Health Information Amendment Act
Authors: Fehr Allison
Published: May 2024

Bill 5: The Mental Health Amendment and Personal Health Information Amendment Act
Hugh Amos Robson: Lawyer, Judge, Founder of the Manitoba Law School, Politician, Popular Public Servant
Authors: Penner Roland
Published: May 2024

Hugh Amos Robson: Lawyer, Judge, Founder of the Manitoba Law School, Politician, Popular Public Servant
H.A. Robson’s Autobiography
Authors: Robson Hugh Amos
Published: May 2024

H.A. Robson’s Autobiography
Prairie Vice: Reflecting on Robson’s Report of the Royal Commission Re Charges of Vice and of Graft Against the Police – A Winnipeg Study
Authors: Jochelson Richard , Laidlaw Leon , Bertrand Michelle
Published: May 2024

Prairie Vice: Reflecting on Robson’s Report of the Royal Commission Re Charges of Vice and of Graft Against the Police – A Winnipeg Study
On Company Law
Authors: Robson Hugh Amos
Published: May 2024

On Company Law
Chapter 4
Authors: Law Journal Manitoba
Published: May 2024

Chapter 4
Chapter 11
Authors: Law Journal Manitoba
Published: May 2024

Chapter 11
Chapter 15
Authors: Law Journal Manitoba
Published: May 2024

Chapter 15
Chapter 23
Authors: Law Journal Manitoba
Published: May 2024

Chapter 23
Continuing the Conversation: Exploring Current Themes in Criminal Justice and the Law
Authors: Ireland David , Jochelson Richard
Published: May 2024

Continuing the Conversation: Exploring Current Themes in Criminal Justice and the Law
Involuntary Detention and Involuntary Treatment Through the Lens of Sections 7 and 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Authors: Dhand Ruby , Joffe Kerri
Published: May 2024

Involuntary Detention and Involuntary Treatment Through the Lens of Sections 7 and 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
To What Types of Offences Should the Criminal Code Rules on Organizational Criminal Liability Apply?: A Commenton 9147-0732 Québec Inc c Directeur Des Poursuites Criminelles et Pénales
Authors: MacPherson Darcy
Published: May 2024

To What Types of Offences Should the Criminal Code Rules on Organizational Criminal Liability Apply?: A Commenton 9147-0732 Québec Inc c Directeur Des Poursuites Criminelles et Pénales
Hart Failure: Assessing the Mr. Big Confessions Framework Five Years Later
Authors: Lutes Christopher
Published: May 2024

Hart Failure: Assessing the Mr. Big Confessions Framework Five Years Later
Correctional Afterthought: Offences Against the Administration of Justice and Canada’s Persistent Savage Anxieties
Authors: Runyon Sarah
Published: May 2024

Correctional Afterthought: Offences Against the Administration of Justice and Canada’s Persistent Savage Anxieties
The Criminalization of Non-Assimilation and Property Rights in the Canadian Prairies
Authors: Sapic Lauren
Published: May 2024

The Criminalization of Non-Assimilation and Property Rights in the Canadian Prairies
Chapter 6 – Navigating National Security: The Prosecution of the Toronto 18
Authors: Michaelson Croft
Published: May 2024

Prosecutions of terrorism cases pose unique challenges because they typically raise complex issues engaging the right of an accused person to disclosure of relevant material and the public interest in protecting national security. This chapter provides the lead prosecutor’s perspective on the Toronto 18 prosecution, some of the disclosure issues that arose in that case, and how similar issues might be handled in the future. Part II provides an overview of the Toronto 18 investigation. Part III reviews the Canadian disclosure regime in the context of terrorism prosecutions, contrasts it with disclosure regimes in the U.K. and the U.S.A., and highlights some problems associated with the current bifurcated approach when the defence seeks to compel disclosure of sensitive information. Part IV discusses how the prosecution in the Toronto 18 approached the disclosure of information in CSIS holdings. Part V concludes with a discussion of how the prosecution managed its disclosure obligations in the context of the Garofoli review of the wiretap authorizations, and how similar issues might be handled in the future given subsequent developments in the law.
Chapter 9 – Financing the Toronto 18
Authors: Davis Jessica
Published: May 2024

Thethwarted Toronto 18 terrorist plot was an early indication ofthings to come for terrorist financing in Canada and internationally.The self financed plot demonstrated how terrorist cells, even thosenot directed by a terrorist group, could obtain enough money to fullyfund a sophisticated and complex attack. In total, the main elementsof the Toronto 18 plot likely cost thousands of dollars, but theorganiz ers of the plot had accumulated far more than they needed forthe components of the attack and had enough money to rent a safehouse, pay for plane tickets to escape prosecution after the attack, anddevelop a plausible cover story for their activities. De spite thefinancial elements of the plot, no terrorist financing charges were laidin the case. This may have been due to the lack of internationalfunding of the plot and a conceptualization within Canada’s lawenforcement and security services at the tim e that terrorist financingcame from “ The lack of financing charges in this case mayhave had longstanding implications in Canada, where, to date, veryfew charges of this nature have been laid, even 15 years after the plotwas disrupted.
Chapter 10 – Trial by Jury and the Toronto 18
Authors: Roach Kent
Published: May 2024

This chapter examines the trial of Fahim Ahmad, Steven Chand, and Asad Ansari, which was the only jury trial in the Toronto 18 prosecutions and the first held under post 9/11 terrorism offences. Part II examines the role of juries in past national security trials. These include those that occurred after the 1837 rebellions; after the assassination of D’Arcy McGhee; after the 1885 Métis resistance; after the Winnipeg General Strike; and after the October Crisis of 1970. The third part examines the public record of the Toronto 18 jury trial, including decisions about what questions could and could not be asked by the accused about potential jurors and the decision to require the three accused to stand in the prisoner’s dock. Part IV examines the future of jury trials in terrorism cases in light of the exploration of this topic by the Air India commission and 2019 reforms to jury selection. Although the jury is often conceived as a shield for the individual from the state, it can also be a sword that the state can wield against unpopular accused. Sometimes unpopular accused may be better off selecting, if they can, trial by judge alone.
Chapter 11 – Canada v. Asad Ansari: Avatars, Inexpertise, and Racial Bias in Canadian Anti-Terrorism Litigation
Authors: Emon Anver M. , Mahmood Aaqib
Published: May 2024

This chapter examines the litigation against Asad Ansari, who was charged with terrorism offences as part of the Toronto 18. The authors examined the litigation files held in the archives of the Ontario Court of Appeals. Through close readings of trial transcripts and judicial decisions on evidentiary motions, the chapter illustrates that systemically embedded in the features of Canada’s adversarial legal system and Criminal Code are legal dynamics that enable racialized, Orientalist readings of Islam and Muslims, and echo the medieval dynamics of religious inquisitions.
Collaborative Law
Authors: Forrest Brendan
Published: May 2024

Collaborative Law
Alternative Fee Arrangements
Authors: Corrigan Sean
Published: May 2024

Alternative Fee Arrangements
Preface
Authors: Schwartz Bryan P. , MacPherson Darcy L.
Published: May 2024

Preface