bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computer Control of a Groundwood Mill
Authors:   Holmens Bruk, Norrkoping, Sweden, Svensson O.
Published: February 2024

At a newsprint mill, the running of the groundwood min is connected with the running of the papermill in several ways by the pulp and whitewater systems and by the supply of electric power. For controlling the groundwood mill in a way that a high and uniform pulp quality is maintained and an optimum use of machinery and resources is made, the groundwood mill crew must continuously supervise this complex system . This is beyond human ability with the limited implements that the crew often has at its disposal . Studies performed at the Hallstavik newsprint mill have shown the limits of human ability in this respect. In order to give the crew an improved implement, an on-line process computer has therefore been installed in the groundwood mill at Hallsta papermill. The objects of the computer system are planning the production of groundwood pulp and consumption of electric power for a coming weekly period, supervising and controlling the pulp and whitewater system for the entire mill and, finally, reporting. Owing to these points, the main intention was to reach a more steady running condition of the groundwood mill and improved utilisation of the contract of purchased electric power. The computer installation, including programs, was completed in autumn 1968, after which test runs with the process were started.
Entire Pulpmill Control
Authors:   Westvaco Corporation, U.S.A., Al-Shaikh A. M. , Brewster D. B. ,   Westvaco Corporation, U.S.A.
Published: February 2024

The hierarchical structure of pulpmill control is defined in terms of six levels-planning, scheduling, supervisory, mufti-variable, direct and data acquisition. The functions of each of these levels for a continuous digester are discussed. The design of the scheduling level is investigated for the case of a single pulpmill that must produce two species sequentially. It is shown to be primarily the problem of designing a feedforward control system for a process with a major dead time. The relationship of plant design to controllability is discussed, using the example of determining the size of the vuln storage tanks.
Analog Computing Techniques Applied to Papermaking
Authors:   Central Engineering and Equipment Division, The English Electric Co. Ltd., Stoke-on-Trent, Farmer A. R.
Published: February 2024

An examination of papermachine wet end fibre balance and stock flow equations reveals the interdependence of important papermaking parameters and the control strategy required to make changes in machine running conditions. To avoid breaks during any adjustment, the fibre and water balance of the wire must be controlled closely and any controlling device must incorporate some ` built in’ knowledge or mathematical model of the process . It is shown how analog computing elements can fulfil this requirement and thus provide a low cost alternative to a digital computer installation. An analog computer control system has been in operation for 18 months on the No. 2 papermachine at the Grove Mill Paper Co. of New Mills. During this period, a 15 percent increase in production can be attributed directly to the use of the computer. Results given include a typical beta-gauge chart, showing the close control of basis weight and the sequence of events that occur during a grade change.
The Scene of the “Holiday” in the Draft and Printed Text of Dostoevsky’s “Demons”
Authors: Tarasova Natalia
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the material of the draft manuscript of F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “Demons”, specifically, the pages containing the scene of Karmazinov reading his work “Merci”. The draft manuscript of the novel “Demons” is a syntactically coherent text containing a large number of author’s edits between the lines and in the margins. The analysis of the manuscript made it possible to identify inaccuracies in its reading by publishers that negatively affect the interpretation of the text. In addition, this analysis helped to correct these errors and accompany them with the necessary textual commentary, affecting, in particular, such problems as the establishment of the text, the identification and analysis of new discrepancies (variants) between the sources of the text, as well as text omissions in print. The textual part of the work is continued by the historical-literary and real commentary proposed in the article based on the newly discovered information about the features of the creation of the artistic concept of “Demons,” explaining the significance of literary and historical motifs that are associated with ancient culture and history for the novel plot. In the process of analyzing handwritten and printed sources, literary and historical allusions were established, which the specified episode of the novel “Demons” contains. In addition, the article examined the historical subtext and symbolism of ancient motifs that were reflected in the scene of literary reading in “Demons,” as well as the content of some historical sources (works by ancient authors on the history of Ancient Rome; lectures by T. N. Granovsky, who became the prototype of the hero of the novel, Stepan Trofimovich Verkhovensky). New information revealed during the study of the draft manuscript of “Demons” indicates, on the one hand, that the ancient “trace” played an important role in the development of the idea of this novel, on the other hand, the complexity of the novel’s narrative structure.
Retrograde pulmonary embolectomy performed without aortic cross-clamping and closed left-sided heart chambers
Authors: Zheleva, Ivayla , Kyuchukov Dimitar
Published: February 2024

Despite recent diagnostic and surgical management advances in massive pulmonary embolism (PE) treatment, the prognosis of patients is still unfavorable. The current surgical technique is direct antegrade embolectomy using cardiopulmonary bypass and beating heart, without cardioplegic arrest and hypothermia. A significant disadvantage of this approach is the inability to evacuate distally located thrombotic substances. Several authors offer a solution to these problems by applying retrograde pulmonary perfusion or retrograde pulmonary embolectomy. In 2017 Hussain provided a simplified method for performing retrograde perfusion without left atriotomy. In 2019, we served emergency procedures similar to Hussain’s in two patients with massive PE. As an adjunct, we did them on normothermia beating heart and without aortic clamping.
Clinicopathological characteristics in male breast cancer: a case series and literature review
Authors: Mahboob Ali Mohamed Shafi
Published: February 2024

Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare entity and overall cases reported were less than 1%.However, the incidence of MBC is rising regularly every year. Due to the lack of data on MBC, the diagnosis and treatment are tailored similar to female breast cancer. MBC risk increases with age and is usually diagnosed 10 years late as the disease progression is slow compared to female breast cancer (FBC).Commonest features of MBC is intra-ductal variant and often, upon diagnosis, the stage of the disease is already advanced. Prognosis of MBC is often poor but with the recent knowledge and advancement, new modalities of treatment are emerging.
Damage control surgery by transverse colon perforation: case report
Authors: Ricciardi V Juan A
Published: February 2024

Obstruction and perforation due to colorectal cancer represent challenging matters in terms of diagnosis, life-saving strategies, obstruction resolution and oncologic challenge. The outcomes of these different resections when performed in acute clinical situations remain substantially unexplored. Case report: 65 years old diabetic and obese female, with abdominal pain accompanied by the absence of channeling of flatus and bowel movements as well as countless vomiting of low intestinal content, wich is why its refer to the emergency of the IAHULA, Merida Venezuela. Physical examination: tachycardic, tachypneic, with, HR: 130 TA: 90/60, FR: 28m oxygen saturation 89%. Abdomen distended, diminished hydro aerial sounds, painful on palpation, with voluntary muscular defense. An emergency laparotomy show: general fecal peritonitis, perforations of the transverse colon, stenosing sigmoid tumor. For this reason, phase 1 damage control surgery was performed by transversectomy + placement of proximal and distal threads, requiring phase II in an intensive care unit, ventilatory support and vasopressor drugs. Phase III was planned in 48 to 72 hours for probable complete left colectomy, however, the patient died after 18 hours of postoperative. Discussion: damage control surgery has been considered an appropriate approach to the treatment of critically ill patients with severe intra-abdominal sepsis. Conclusion: Abdominal sepsis and a septic shock are both possible as a critical scenarios in patients with perforation and obstruction of the colon secondary tumors and carcinomas, for that reason it is important to know which patient can be selected to a damage control surgery in orden to improve the morbimortality.
Educating Anganwadi Workers to Enhance the Mother’s Knowledge and Awareness about Children Eye Health
Authors:   Akhand Jyoti Eye Hospital, Mastichak, Saran, Bihar, India, Raj Ankita , Gupta Navita ,   Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Punjab, India, Poddar Ajit Kumar ,   Akhand Jyoti Eye Hospital, Mastichak, Saran, Bihar, India, Kumar Pradeep ,   Akhand Jyoti Eye Hospital, Mastichak, Saran, Bihar, India, Naroo Shehzad A. ,   College of health and life sciences, Aston University
Published: February 2024

Background: Blindness, visual impairment, and other eye problems in children are some of India’s major public health issues. In a state-operated integrated child development scheme (ICDS), the government engaged the Anganwadi workers and helpers. There is the advantage of integrating eye health within community health as active engagement of these local community workers spreads and also promotes an increase in the uptake of eye services. Purpose: The study intended to train Anganwadi workers working within the ICDS with knowledge about children’s eye health. The study also aimed to reach mothers or other primary caregivers of children and pro-vide them with knowledge to increase awareness about children’s eye health using the network of Anganwadi workers. Methods: A questionnaire-based study was undertaken to assess the cur-rent knowledge and awareness about children’s eye health among An-ganwadi workers and in randomly selected mothers and primary caregiv-ers of children from two blocks of the Saran District, Bihar, India. Com-prehensive training has been provided to Anganwadi workers through a validated training module which follows the structure of ICDS training modules, and each participant is asked to share the knowledge and edu-cate mothers or primary caregivers in their catchment area. After three months of imparted training, the mother’s or primary caregivers’ knowledge and awareness were assessed through a validated question-naire, and the results were compared. Results: A total of 274 Anganwadi workers participated in the interven-tional program, and 273 (99.6%) agreed that the training about” children’s eye health” was helpful to them. Furthermore, 230 mothers participated in the study, and 222 (96.5%) said that they had increased knowledge and awareness about children’s eye health from Anganwadi workers. Conclusions: A significant improvement was found in the knowledge and awareness of mothers or primary caregivers about children’s eye health as Anganawdi workers had educated them and made them aware of it. Edu-cating Anganawdi workers has a positive impact on spreading awareness in rural areas.
The Adverse Effect of COVID-19 towards UK Healthcare Workers Mental Health: Critical Review of the Literature
Authors:   RMN&RN Adult, HGRC Health care group, Sutherland Lodge GP Surgery, Chelmsford, CM2 7PY, Leeladhara Boby , Mathew Biju ,   Faculty of health sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, England, CM1 1SQ
Published: February 2024

Background: The pandemic changed healthcare priorities all over the world, resulting in increased pressure on healthcare workers. Studies conducted in other countries reveal a significant mental health burden of the pandemic on healthcare workers. However, only a few studies have focused on UK healthcare workers, which can demonstrate variations in healthcare systems from one country to another. Purpose: To examine the mental health impacts of COVID-19 on frontline UK healthcare workers and point to interventions to mitigate and minimise mental health problems caused by the pandemic. Methods: This review article used an interpretivist philosophy and an inductive approach. Electronic bibliographic databases were searched using relevant search terms. Primary studies published between 2020 and 2021 were selected. Only studies conducted in the United Kingdom were considered for inclusion. Results: Ten studies were retrieved and critiqued. It was discovered that anxiety, depression, and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder were the most reported mental health issues among frontline UK healthcare workers during the pandemic. Healthcare workers who experienced moral injury, the situation where moral dilemmas make healthcare workers feel incompetent, were at higher risk of developing the above mental health issues. These mental health issues had a negative impact on the healthcare workers’ work performance. This was predominantly due to the burnout, stress, and low motivation. The health workers in UK preferred psychosocial support as the most favourable Mental Health support intervention. However, there were reported disparities in the provision and access of the mental health support intervention at various regions within UK health care system. Conclusions: It was concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant mental health burden on frontline UK healthcare workers.
Enduring Scars: A Comprehensive Review of the Long-Term Effects of Childhood Trauma
Authors:   Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Punjab, India, Singha Neeta Austin , Gupta Navita ,   Department of Allied Health Sciences, Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Punjab, India, Goyal Sandeep Kumar ,   Department of Psychiatry, SPS Hospitals, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Published: February 2024

Background: Childhood is a formative period in any person’s life. Sometimes trauma during this phase may have adverse effects which may last an individual’s lifetime. WHO has described child-hood maltreatment as all forms of physical and/or emotional abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or life-threatening or other abuse, secondary to actual or latent harm to the child’s health, life, and progress. There are four different types of childhood trauma, namely “physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional/psychological abuse, and neglect” which can be further categorized as physical neglect and emotional neglect. Purpose: The incidents of trauma may alter the thinking and learning process, leading to engagement in behaviours such as drug abuse. Childhood trauma leaves many trails such as anxiety issues, anger issues and fear of happiness. Resilience and a supportive environment may lead to improvements and decreased duration of the effects of childhood trauma. Also, previous studies suggest that resilience level is low among childhood trauma patients. Individu-als with better resilience and coping mechanisms seem to have a better quality of life. Conclusion: This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the long-term effects of childhood trauma and highlight its profound impact on various aspects of human life. There is a huge impact of childhood trauma on the mental and physical well being of an individual.
Patient-Centered Outcomes in Bronchiolitis
Authors: Lane Jennifer E. , Foster Byron A.
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVES

We examined the impact of hospitalization for bronchiolitis on patient-centered outcomes across patients with varying levels of support.

METHODS

The participants included primary caregivers of children aged 0 to 24 months hospitalized for bronchiolitis at an 150-bed tertiary care children’s hospital. Data were collected using a 30-item questionnaire examining quality of life impact, adapted from the previously validated survey, the Impact of Bronchiolitis Hospitalization Questionnaire.1 The survey contained questions asking to what extent the hospitalization interfered with different aspects of care. After all surveys were collected, the patients were split into groups categorized by level of support and defined as no support, low support (low-flow nasal cannula only or nasogastric [NG] only), moderate support (high-flow nasal cannula without NG), high support (high-flow nasal cannula with NG support), and positive pressure (with or without NG support). Descriptive statistics were used to examine the distribution of mean impact scores across these groups.

RESULTS

A total of 92 caregivers and their children were included. The mean impact score for variables of difficult to hold, difficult to bond, and breastfeeding disruption increased with greater levels of support with P values of P = .003, P = .04, and P < .001, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

We found that the impact on patient-reported outcomes varied by level of support, as defined here, among children hospitalized with bronchiolitis, with significant impacts being in areas of caregiver bonding, caregiver holding, and breastfeeding.
Disparities in Racial, Ethnic, and Payer Groups for Pediatric Safety Events in US Hospitals
Authors: Parikh Kavita , Hall Matt , Tieder Joel S. , Dixon Gabrina , Ward Maranda C. , Hinds Pamela S. , Goyal Monika K. , Rangel Shawn J. , Flores Glenn , Kaiser Sunitha V.
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Health care disparities are pervasive, but little is known about disparities in pediatric safety. We analyzed a national sample of hospitalizations to identify disparities in safety events.

METHODS

In this population-based, retrospective cohort study of the 2019 Kids’ Inpatient Database, independent variables were race, ethnicity, and payer. Outcomes were Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality pediatric safety indicators (PDIs). Risk-adjusted odds ratios were calculated using white and private payer reference groups. Differences by payer were evaluated by stratifying race and ethnicity.

RESULTS

Race and ethnicity of the 5 243 750 discharged patients were white, 46%; Hispanic, 19%; Black, 15%; missing, 8%; other race/multiracial, 7%, Asian American/Pacific Islander, 5%; and Native American, 1%. PDI rates (per 10 000 discharges) were 331.4 for neonatal blood stream infection, 267.5 for postoperative respiratory failure, 114.9 for postoperative sepsis, 29.5 for postoperative hemorrhage/hematoma, 5.6 for central-line blood stream infection, 3.5 for accidental puncture/laceration, and 0.7 for iatrogenic pneumothorax. Compared with white patients, Black and Hispanic patients had significantly greater odds in 5 of 7 PDIs; the largest disparities occurred in postoperative sepsis (adjusted odds ratio, 1.55 [1.38–1.73]) for Black patients and postoperative respiratory failure (adjusted odds ratio, 1.34 [1.21–1.49]) for Hispanic patients. Compared with privately insured patients, Medicaid-covered patients had significantly greater odds in 4 of 7 PDIs; the largest disparity occurred in postoperative sepsis (adjusted odds ratios, 1.45 [1.33–1.59]). Stratified analyses demonstrated persistent disparities by race and ethnicity, even among privately insured children.

CONCLUSIONS

Disparities in safety events were identified for Black and Hispanic children, indicating a need for targeted interventions to improve patient safety in the hospital.
Нові види бібліографічних ресурсів в електронному середовищі
Authors: Ісмайлов Надір , Халілова Намія
Published: February 2024

Застосування сучасних інформаційних технологій у бібліотечній практиці в першу чергу впливає на виробництво бібліографічної продукції. Постійно зростаючий обсяг інформації робить відбір, оцінку, представлення та поширення наявної інформації життєво важливою проблемою. Нині адаптація до нового інформаційного середовища, використання інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій суттєво змінюють методи підготовки та виробництва бібліографічної інформації, структуру бібліографічних ресурсів. Ці процеси активно досліджуються багатьма закордонними та вітчизняними фахівцями. Крім того, наголошують дослідники, сутність бібліографічної інформації залишається незмінною, але вдосконалюються засоби її представлення та реалізації основних функцій. Нові технології торкаються в першу чергу таких сфер бібліографічної діяльності: бібліографічні ресурси, бібліографічні процеси.

Мета дослідження – дослідити питання класифікації електронної бібліографічної продукції, яка становить важливу частину інформаційних мережевих ресурсів бібліотек. У статті проведено багатовимірну класифікацію доступної в електронному середовищі бібліографічної продукції та надано її характеристику. Відзначено роль електронних бібліографічних ресурсів як багатовимірного засобу пошуку інформації. Автори надають різні запропоновані визначення поняття «електронні бібліографічні ресурси» та виділяють його важливі ознаки як багатоструктурного явища. Встановлено, що різні фахівці мають різні підходи щодо класифікації бібліографічної продукції в електронному форматі. Існують розбіжності щодо того, чи є той чи інший бібліографічний ресурс традиційним видом чи оригінальним електронним бібліографічним продуктом. У деяких випадках залишається суперечливим питання про те, чи є ресурс послугою чи бібліографічним продуктом. Додатково подано короткі відомості про методику створення основних видів електронних бібліографічних ресурсів.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ В ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧНОМУ АНАЛІЗІ ІОННО-АСОЦІАТИВНИХ КОМПЛЕКСІВ, ЯКІ УТВОРЮЮТЬСЯ МІЖ СУЛЬФОФТАЛЕЇНОВИМИ БАРВНИКАМИ ТА НІТРОГЕНОВМІСНИМИ СПОЛУКАМИ В СЕРЕДОВИЩІ ОРГАНІЧНИХ РОЗЧИННИКІВ
Authors: Аль-Швейят Мохамед К.Е.А. , Галкіна Катерина , Сидорова Лариса П. , Жук Лариса П. , Маторіна Катерина В. , Чернявська Анна Ю. , Худякова Світлана М. , Вишнікін Андрій Б.
Published: February 2024

Огляд систематизує та обговорює дані про новий клас реакцій, які ґрунтуються на утворенні іоно-асоціативних комплексів (IA) між сульфофталеїновими барвниками (СФБ) та основними нітрогеновмісними органічними речовинами, (НОР) в середовищі органічного розчинника. Обговорюються механізм утворення ІА, вплив природи органічного розчинника на утворення ІА та хіміко-аналітичні характеристики розроблених методів аналізу. Механізм реакції включає зміщення таутомерної рівноваги від безбарвної лактонної таутомерної форми до інтенсивно забарвленої жовтої хіноноїдної форми, що обумовлено утворенням ІА між моноаніонною формою СФБ та протонованою формою НОР. Реакція йде краще в середовищі полярних органічних розчинників. Найчастіше використовуються хлороформ, дихлорометан та ацетон. Утворення ІА в більшості випадків відбувається дуже швидко. Для повного утворення ІА необхідна велика концентрація СФБ, яка становить приблизно 0.01–0.1 %. Молярні коефіцієнти світлопоглинання є високими і досягають (30–40)×103 моль-1 л см-1. Основними перевагами нових аналітичних форм є простота, швидкість, відсутність складної та тривалої стадії розділення, можливість автоматизації. IA, утворені між СФБ та НОР в середовищі органічного розчинника, є привабливими та перспективними формами для використання у фармацевтичному аналізі.
ВПЛИВ ТЕМПЕРАТУРИ І ВОЛОГОСТІ СУШІННЯ ТА ОБСМАЖУВАННЯ НА ВМІСТ ПОЛІФЕНОЛІВ І ФЛАВОНОЇДІВ, АНТИОКСИДАНТНУ АКТИВНІСТЬ ТА ЯКІСТЬ ІМБИРНОГО ЧАЮ
Authors: Бач Лонг Тран , Муой Нгуєн Ван , Трук Тран Тхань , Фонг Хуйнь Суан , Лінь Нгуєн Хай , Куок Ле Фам Тан
Published: February 2024

Імбирний чай – дуже корисний для здоров’я, популярний, особливо в країнах Азії, напій. Однак процес його виробництва є складним, оскільки продукт повинен зберігати біологічно активні сполуки та смакові якості. Метою дослідження було визначення режиму теплової обробки на стадії сушіння, вмісту вологи після сушіння, температури обсмажування та відповідної вологості продукту для збереження вмісту поліфенолів, антиоксидантної активності, вмісту флавоноїдів та якості виробів з імбирного чаю. Результати досліджень показали, що за умови сушіння імбиру до вологості 60 % з подальшим обсмажуванням за 140 °C (до вологості продукту 8 %), були досягнуті хороші результати щодо збереження вмісту поліфенолів (9.85 ± 0.18 мг GAE/г сирого), антиоксидантної активності (27.02 ± 0.17 мкмоль ТЕ/г сирого), вмісту флавоноїдів (25.51 ± 0.18 мг QE/100 г сирого), активності води (0.48 ± 0.01) та якості імбирного чаю. Отримані оптимальні експериментальні умови можуть бути легко застосовані до процесу виробництва імбирного чаю в більш широких масштабах у майбутньому.
ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНІ ТА ЕКОНОМІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ БОБОВИХ В ТЕХНОЛОГІЯХ ХАРЧОВОЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ: МІНІ-ОГЛЯД
Authors: Дегтяр Валентина В. , Радченко Анна Е. , Гринченко Наталя Г. , Гринченко Ольга О.
Published: February 2024

На сьогодні існує тенденція до зменшення добової норми споживання тваринного білку від рекомендованої кількості, тому серед населення різних країн все більше стають популярними альтернативні джерела білку, а саме бобові культури, адже вони – цінне джерело рослинного білку, клітковини, нутрієнтів. Основними перевагами бобових культур виступає їх багатий хімічний склад, доступність для населення різних країн, висока врожайність, збагачення ґрунту азотом, можливість використання побічної продукції після збору врожаю, безвідходність, терміни зберігання. Одночасно із зазначениими перевагами бобові культури мають у своєму складі антипоживні речовини, недоліки у вирощуванні, довготривалий термін приготування, що вимагає проведення порівняльного аналізу із іншими харчовими продуктами із врахуванням економічного фактору, рентабельності, технологічних особливостей та основного хімічного складу. Ця оглядова стаття направлена на визначення основних переваг та недоліків використання бобової сировини в ланцюгу від вирощування до виробництва харчової продукції.
ПІРИДИНОВІ СОЛІ З АНІОНОМ МОНО- ТА ДИ-N-ОКСИФТАЛІМІДУ
Authors: Сергєєва Ганна О. , Компанець Михайло О. , Нестерова Олена Ю.
Published: February 2024

Хімічна модифікація гетероциклічних похідних піридинових солей нікотинаміду є досить перспективним методом виготовлення медикаментозних засобів, зважаючи на їх широкий спектр біологічного впливу [1]. Піридинові солі також застосовують у виробництві лікарських препаратів, душистих речовин, в органічному синтезі, а також в синтезі полімерних продуктів. Деякі їх похідні є біологічно та фізіологічно активними сполуками [2–8]. Однак сучасні тенденції до «зеленої» хімії передбачають використання недорогих реагентів у максимально м’яких умовах для отримання цільових продуктів майже кількісно [9–18]. Тому нами було синтезовано та досліджено нові водорозчинні похідні піридинові солі з моно- та ди-N-оксифталімідним аніон. Реакції проводили взаємодією піридинової молекули (моно- та бікатіонної будови) з фталімід-N-оксильною сіллю натрію та арґентуму. Дані солі отримано з N-гідроксифталіміду, який є ефективним каталізатором радикальних реакцій окиснення 1.4-дигідропіридину молекулярним киснем із наступним утворенням зв’язку з аніоном фталімід-N-оксилу в синтезах піридинових солей [9–18]. Розроблений нами метод [9] синтезу похідних піридинових солей з фталімід-N-оксильним аніоном, було закріплено на  моно- та бікатіонній структурі даних гетероциклічних сполук.
Rediscovery of Malthesis ater Motschulsky, 1853 and a catalog of the genus Malthesis Motschulsky, 1853 (Coleoptera, Cantharidae)
Authors: Biffi Gabriel
Published: February 2024

Malthesis is a Cantharidae genus with a history of ambiguous systematic placement, being sometimes classified within Malthininae and currently placed in Chauliognathinae, sometimes as a probable synonym of Chauliognathus. Part of the problem is a complete lack of knowledge about the identity of their type species, M. ater, from Colombia. The current generic placement is based on the identity of the subsequently described Malthesis species which, in turn, have never been compared with M. ater. One specimen belonging to the type series of M. ater, here designated as the lectotype, has been located at the Zoological Museum of M. V. Lomonosov State University (Moscow, Russia) and the identities of the species and genus could finally be assessed. Here, M. ater is re-described in detail based on the study of the afore mentioned lectotype and additional specimens from Colombia. The morphological study of the species confirms that most of the subsequently described species are indeed congeneric with M. ater and enables a reliable placement of the genus within Chauliognathinae: Chauliognathini. In addition, a fully updated catalog of all the 38 currently valid species and subspecies of Malthesis is given to ease their future taxonomic studies.
Una nueva especie del grupo de especies Dichotomius agenor (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) de Colombia
Authors: Clavijo-Bustos Julián , Cárdenas-Bautista Johann Stephens , Torres Edwin D. , Torres Miguel A. , Neita Moreno Jhon César , Montoya-Molina Santiago
Published: February 2024

Aquí, una nueva especie del grupo de especies Dichotomius agenor (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) de la planicie del Caribe Colombiano es descrita. La nueva especie es más similar a Dichotomius (Selenocopris) tristis que a cualquiera de las otras especies en el grupo debido a que ambos tienen la carina cefálica del macho con el ápice del tubérculo medio redondeado y el de los laterales transversalmente alargado; el proceso ventral clipeal apicalmente truncado; el pronoto con un fuerte declive anterior; el hipómero con una fila de puntos grandes y setígeros en el margen externo; el metasterno con puntos setígeros en el área anterior y los márgenes laterales, mientras que en las áreas media y posterior, incluyendo el área postero-medial alrededor del ángulo posterior interno de las mesocoxas, únicamente con puntos muy pequeños y dispersos; y las metacoxas con una fila de puntos pequeños y setígeros a lo largo del margen posterior. Sin embargo, las dos especies pueden distinguirse porque la nueva especie presenta en el prosterno puntos pequeños, dispersos y escasos, cada uno con una seta larga, roja amarillenta; el borde externo de los parameros ligeramente sinuoso; y la lamela copulatriz con la emarginación dorsal relativamente superficial y el brazo ventral derecho oblicuo hacia el exterior con respecto al eje horizontal de la lamela, mientras que el izquierdo es recto. Excluyendo la nueva especie descrita aquí, otras seis especies del grupo están presentes en Colombia, y sus distribuciones también son actualizadas.
A Checklist of the Lycidae (Coleoptera) of Colombia with a key to the genera
Authors: Moreno Daniela , Alves do Nascimento Elynton , Forero Dimitri
Published: February 2024

A checklist of the genera and species of Lycidae occurring in Colombia is presented. After studying nine Colombian entomological collections, in addition to the information from the literature, 152 species and 27 genera are recorded from the country, of which four genera are newly recorded from Colombia: Brasilycus, Ceratopriomorphus, Lycoplateros, and Teroplas. The genus Calopteron presented the widest distribution (29 departments), the only genus occurring in Arauca, Córdoba, La Guajira, and Vaupés. Most genera in Colombia occur from lowland habitats (~500 m) up to 2000 m, whereas Idiopteron Bourgeois, 1905, showed the widest altitudinal range, from about 30 m to 3900 m. An illustrated key to identify the Colombian genera is provided.
Composición y estructura del ensamblaje de escarabajos coprófagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) en tres áreas urbanas del departamento del Tolima, Colombia
Authors: Cárdenas-Espitia Ingri Tatiana , Quintero Rivera Emmanuel José , Lozano Bravo Jaime Leonardo , Reinoso Flórez Gladys
Published: February 2024

La pérdida de biodiversidad en las áreas urbanas se asocia principalmente con la alteración de las características naturales de los ecosistemas como consecuencia de actividades humanas. Existe información limitada sobre la dinámica del ensamblaje de escarabajos coprófagos en estas áreas, a pesar del importante rol ecológico de este grupo en los ecosistemas. Por tal motivo, se determinó la composición y estructura de tres áreas naturales dentro de una matriz urbana del departamento del Tolima. Se realizaron muestreos en marzo, abril, junio y julio del 2018 teniendo en cuenta los periodos de precipitación; además se midieron la temperatura del suelo y ambiental, humedad relativa, del suelo y penetrabilidad del suelo. La recolección de organismos se realizó por medio de trampas caída, cebadas con excremento. Se recolectaron 2201 organismos distribuidos en siete géneros, nueve especies y cuatro morfoespecies. El Jardín Botánico Alejandro von Humboldt se encuentra más inmerso dentro de la matriz urbana, éste mostró una mayor riqueza. En términos de abundancia, el Mariposario del Tolima a pesar de tener una menor extensión fue el que presentó el valor más alto. En general, la estructura estuvo dominada por Canthidium sp.1 y Dichotomius satanas, ajustándose al modelo de serie logarítmica. La mayor abundancia se registró durante la transición de lluvias, y la mayor riqueza durante la temporada seca. Se evidencia la importancia de las áreas evaluadas para la conservación de los escarabajos coprófagos en matrices urbanas, en donde algunas especies podrían estar presentando una tolerancia a los efectos de la urbanización.
Desplazamientos de ejes
Authors: Oviedo Salazar Mauricio Gerardo , Domínguez Márquez Guadalupe Antonia
Published: February 2024

Presentación y tabla de contenidos.
Cáncer de mama triple negativo: generalidades, situación en Costa Rica y nuevas tendencias para su tratamiento.
Authors: Salinas Meza, Adriana , Serrano Arias Bruno , Soto Quesada Ana Gabriela , Valenciano Fernández Sofía , Mora Román Juan José
Published: February 2024

El cáncer de mama es una proliferación clonal de células neoplásicas que inicia en la mama. El mismo se categoriza de acuerdo al subtipo histológico, al tamaño tumoral y al estadío. El subtipo histológico más agresivo es el triple negativo, siendo negativo para los receptores de estrógenos, progesterona y crecimiento epidérmico humano. A lo largo de la historia, el tratamiento contra este cáncer ha cambiado. Actualmente, el mismo consiste en una combinación de radioterapia, quimioterapia y cirugía. Sin embargo, se están investigando nuevas estrategias terapéuticas basadas en la inmunoterapia, las cuales han brindado resultados prometedores en estudios clínicos. La integración de inmunoterapias activas y pasivas como las vacunas y los anticuerpos monoclonales, y el uso de inhibidores de poli (adenosín difosfato o ADP-ribosa) polimerasa, solos o en conjunto con terapias clásicas, son alternativas para incrementar las posibilidades farmacoterapéuticas contra este tipo de cáncer.
Manejo actualizado de las complicaciones cardiovasculares en pacientes con emergencia hipertensiva.
Authors: Ozaetta Tutivén José , Armijos Caicedo Tatiana , Loero Boada Gabriela
Published: February 2024

En la actualidad, una gran proporción de pacientes con “Emergencia Hipertensiva” desarrollan daño a órganos diana de forma aguda y en otras ocasiones complicaciones crónicas, que son subestimadas y mal controladas, originando fracaso al tratamiento y aumentando de forma considerable los ingresos hospitalarios.

La Emergencia Hipertensiva se define como toda elevación aguda de la presión arterial, a su vez, se acompaña de alteraciones orgánicas graves con riesgo de lesión irreversible que compromete la vida del paciente. Es muy importante para el médico en el servicio de urgencias identificar las emergencias hipertensivas, controlarlas mediante medicamentos eficaces y de acción rápida para la reducción de la presión arterial de al menos un 25 % y así evitar reducciones bruscas y/o excesivas de la misma.

La vía parenteral es la forma habitual de la administración de fármacos. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica, es resumir el manejo de las presentaciones clínicas cardiovasculares más comunes encontradas en los pacientes con crisis hipertensiva, el infarto agudo de miocardio, insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva, disección aórtica y las crisis hipertensivas simpaticomiméticos.
SERIE DE CASOS: SÍNDROME DE CASCANUECES
Authors: Gallego Betancourt Bibiana , Manchola Lamprea Tatiana , Endo Cáceres Jorge
Published: February 2024

El síndrome de cascanueces es una anomalía vascular en la que se comprime la vena renal izquierda en su paso entre la unión de la aorta y la arteria mesentérica superior. Este síndrome es más frecuente en las mujeres y se caracteriza por síntomas como dolor abdominal, lumbar, hematuria y proteinuria. En el presente trabajo se describen dos casos de adolescentes, uno de sexo masculino y otro femenino, quienes fueron a una consulta ambulatoria de nefrología, por presentar síntomas inespecíficos (polaquiuria y dolor abdominal) acompañados de hematuria macroscópica y hematuria microscópica persistente. Por este motivo, se requirieron estudios complementarios y se hizo el diagnóstico de síndrome de cascanueces. En conclusión, se presentan estos dos casos por ser una patología de baja prevalencia, lo cual hace que sea difícil sospecharla ante manifestaciones clínicas frecuentes y, por este motivo, debe conocerse, detectarse y tratarse oportunamente.

Palabras clave: Síndrome Cascanueces, Renal, Hematuria, Vena Renal. Fuente: MeSH.
LA ANATOMIA DE HENRY GRAY
Authors: Romero-Reverón Rafael
Published: February 2024

Henry Gray (1827-1861) fue un anatomista y cirujano inglés del Hospital Saint George, en Londres, Inglaterra. Gray es notable por la publicación de su tratado de anatomía descriptiva y quirúrgica. Este texto fue creado en colaboración con Henry Carter, quien contribuyó con las disecciones anatómicas y realizó las ilustraciones de este libro. La Anatomía de Gray es una obra ilustrada que continúa siendo considerada como un libro de texto autorizado en el campo de la anatomía humana, el cual ha instruido a muchos estudiantes de medicina durante más de 160 años. La carrera de Henry Gray se desarrolló en el Hospital de Saint George, desde estudiante de medicina hasta a profesor de anatomía y curador del museo de este hospital. Además, fue miembro de la Sociedad Real y del Colegio Real de Cirujanos. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión sistemática de las contribuciones de Henry Gray en el campo de la anatomía humana.

Palabras clave: Anatomía, Educación Médica, Inglaterra, Profesor. Fuente: DeCS/MeSH.
COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME: EPIDEMIC AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS IN BULGARIA
Authors: Ivancheva V. , Ivanov N.
Published: February 2024

PURPOSE: The aim of оur research is to assess the impact of monitor use and computer learning process on the visual comfort and ocular health of students from Medical Universities in Bulgaria.
METHODS: 219 students participated in the study. They were interviewed anonymously in January 2023, through an online survey. Questions concern students’ ocular and visual comfort during the proсess of self-preparation for exams during session.
RESULTS: Тhe survey results indicate that digital learning increases screen time at potentially dangerous for eye health levels. The most common complaints among students are eye fatigue (83.1%), tearing (58.9%), dry eyes (58.4%), blurred vision (40.2%), photophobia (37.4%), and itchiness (34.7%). Results show that 32% of respondents spent 1-2 hours working on a computer without a break; 57.1% reported that they work for more than 2 hours, and only 3.7% spent less than 20 min before taking a break.
CONCLUSIONS: It was noted that eye fatigue and visual discomfort among medical students were negatively affected by the monitor learning during the session. Increased screen time causes digital eye strain, which impairs life quality and is a socially significant phenomenon.
Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial enteropathogens in Crete, Greece, during 2011–2022
Authors: Maraki Sofia , Mavromanolaki Viktoria Eirini , Stafylaki Dimitra , Iliaki-Giannakoudaki Evangelia , Kasimati Anna
Published: February 2024

Diarrheal diseases are of great concern worldwide and are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the epidemiology and the antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial enteropathogens among diarrheal patients of all ages in Crete, Greece during 2011–2022. Stool specimens were tested by conventional cultural methods for Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (EPEC, STEC), Yersinia enterocolitica, Aeromonas species and Clostridioides difficile. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the disk diffusion method for Enterobacterales, Campylobacter and Aeromonas, and by the gradient diffusion method for C. difficile. Of the 26,060 stool samples from patients of any age, 1,022 (3.9%) were positive for bacterial enteropathogens. Campylobacter spp. were the most commonly isolated bacteria (56.4%), followed by Salmonella enterica (32.3%), and E. coli (EPEC, STEC) (6.5%). Toxigenic C. difficile was isolated from 341 out of 8,848 diarrheal specimens examined (3.9%). Resistance to ampicillin was observed in 12.4% of Salmonella, 66.7% of Shigella and 34.8% of E. coli (EPEC, STEC) isolates. Resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was observed in 5.8% of Salmonella, 33.3% of Shigella, and 15.1% of E. coli (EPEC, STEC) isolates. High rates of ciprofloxacin resistance (77.3%) were detected among Campylobacter isolates, while resistance to erythromycin was observed in 2.4% of them. All C. difficile isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and metronidazole. Our findings suggest declining trends in prevalence of bacterial enteropathogens, except for Campylobacter spp. and changes in the susceptibility rates to antimicrobials. Continuous surveillance of prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial enteropathogens is mandatory for implementing targeted and effective prevention and infection control measures.
COHESIVE DEVICES IN DONALD TRUMP’S FIRST SPEECH AS THE AMERICAN PRESIDENT
Authors: Rahman Rezi Fauzi , Firdaus Dadan , Ardiansyah Erlan Aditya
Published: February 2024

The presence of cohesive devices in speech plays a crucial role in representing the functioning of language. Beyond enhancing the effectiveness of written communication, cohesive devices guide listeners into the realm of context, fostering a shared understanding of meaning. This research focuses on analyzing grammatical and lexical cohesions in Donald Trump's inauguration speech from the 2016 United States presidential election, which took place on January 20th, 2017. The objective of the study is to explore the representation of both grammatical and lexical cohesions. A qualitative method was employed, and data were extracted from pauses in Trump's speech, specifically noting cohesive devices. The findings reveal that grammatical cohesion encompasses references, substitutions, ellipsis, and conjunctions. Lexical cohesions identified include repetition, synonymy, antonymy, hyponymy, meronymy, and collocation. Repetition was observed in 29 pauses, substitutions in 6 pauses, ellipsis in 8 pauses, and conjunctions in 31 pauses. Regarding lexical cohesion, the study identified repetition in 32 pauses, synonymy in 10 pauses, antonymy in 5 pauses, hyponymy in 3 pauses, meronymy in 2 pauses, and collocation in 6 pauses. However, it was noted that incohesive instances occurred in the case of conjunctions, potentially influenced by the situational or contextual factors. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the diverse cohesive devices employed in Trump's inauguration speech, emphasizing the significance of context in understanding language use.  Keywords: cohesive device, conjunctions, ellipsis, grammatical cohesion, lexical cohesion, substitutions
SUBTITLING STRATEGY AND READABILITY OF DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACT IN GENSHIN IMPACT PROLOGUE CHAPTER SUBTITLE
Authors: Noegraha Rafy Apryan , Handoyo Raden Pujo , Dhiyaningrum Ambhita
Published: February 2024

The phenomenon of gaming easily accessible online getting popular leads to the advancement not only on technological aspect of game, but also on the interaction of the game and users. Accordingly, subtitling strategy and readability of directive speech act in genshin impact prologue chapter subtitle becomes the main concerns of this study. Based on subtitling strategy by Gottlieb (1992), translation quality assessment by Nababan (2012), and directive speech act theory by Searle (1976), this study aimed to identify and analyze those aspect in video game Genshin Impact prologue chapter subtitle. The data were gathered from subtitle of prologue chapter of video game Genshin Impact. This research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative and quantitative method, also with total sampling method for answering the research questions. The results showed that there are 5 types of directive speech act that found, 7 of 10 strategies of subtitling that applied, and the readability level of the translation was readable. The study concluded that the data were utterances between the characters are explanations and introductions of the game since the data were on the prologue chapter. Then, the quality of readability in subtitle was considered readable due to most frequently used strategy was paraphrase. Keywords: translation, subtitling strategy, directive speech act, readability, genshin impact
HUBUNGAN MANAJEMEN ARSIP ELEKTRONIK DENGAN KUALITAS LAYANAN ADMINISTRASI TATA USAHA
Authors: Hidayat Wahyu , Irawan Irawan , Amelia Yang
Published: February 2024

The existence of the Covid-19 pandemic has caused educational institution activities to be carried out online and using digital documentation, this has resulted in increased digital archives. In order to realize effective records management, educational institutions actively utilize digital technology through electronic archive management to improve the quality of services provided to customers. This study aims to determine the management of electronic records, the quality of administrative services, and the relationship between electronic archive management and the quality of administrative services at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri in Bandung Regency. The approach used is quantitative with the type of correlation. The data collection technique was carried out using a questionnaire. Then after the data is collected, it is processed with the help of the SPSS program using instrument test data analysis techniques (validity and reliability), partial indicator analysis test, prerequisite test (normality and linearity test), and correlation test using Pearson correlation and determination test. The results of the study stated that electronic records management had a positive relationship with the quality of administrative administration services, with a significance level of 0.000 <0.05. There is a type of variable relationship that leads to a positive nature due to the Pearson correlation number of 0.566 which does not have a (-) sign in the number, the relationship between the two variables is unidirectional and means that the better the management of electronic records, the better the quality of administrative services. administration. Then the coefficient of determination (R square) obtained is 0.321, which means that the contribution of electronic records management variables to the quality of administrative administration services is 32.1%.