bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the higher-order structure and hydrogen bonding of biodegradable polymer by low-frequency vibrational spectroscopy
Authors: Marlina Dian , Sato Harumi
Published: May 2020

Biodegradable polymer is preferred material to replace the conventional petroleum based polymer materials to protect the nature and conserve oil supplies. Information related to higher-order structure and hydrogen bonding among polymers can be observed in the low-frequency region (3.3-333 cm−1) using terahertz (THz) spectroscopy. THz spectra measurement of temperature-dependent investigation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) homopolymer and polymer blend of PHB/glycol chitosan with the blend ratios of (80/20) and (60/40) have been performed to investigate the change in higher-order structure and intermolecular hydrogen bonding formed by polymer blends of PHB and glycol chitosan. The THz spectra revealed that the peak at 82 cm−1 does not collapse even in the high temperature indicating the important role of hydrogen bonding interaction between poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and glycol chitosan in maintaining the higher-order structure of the PHB in its blending system.
Prediction of 4f2−4f15d1 transition energy of Pr3+ in fluorides based on first-principles calculations and machine learning
Authors: Obata Hayato , Takemura Shota , Ogasawara Kazuyoshi
Published: May 2020

The 4f2−4f15d1 transition energy of Pr3+ in fluorides are utilized for various optical materials such as solid-state lasers, phosphors, and scintillators. Therefore, it is important to predict such energies of unknown materials for theoretical design of novel optical materials. In this study, we tried to predict the 4f2−4f15d1 transition energies of Pr3+ in fluorides based on first-principles calculations and machine learning. The first-principles calculations were performed based on the relativistic discrete variational multi-electron (DVME) method using the model clusters composed of the central Pr3+ and the anions closer than the nearest cation. Although the calculated 4f2−4f15d1 transition energies of Pr3+ in fluorides showed a relatively good correlation with the experimental ones, the calculated values tend to be overestimated by ca. 2 eV. In order to improve the accuracy of the prediction, we used the calculated transition energies as an attribute for machine learning. As a result, the regression formula to predict the 4f2−4f15d1 transition energy of Pr3+ in fluorides has been derived by machine learning using the calculated 4f2−4f15d1 transition energy as well as some other electronic and structural parameters as the attributes. The accuracy of the prediction was significantly improved compared to the simple first-principles calculations.
Recent applications of discrete variational multi-electron method
Authors: Ogasawara Kazuyoshi
Published: May 2020

The discrete variational multi-electron (DVME) method is a first-principles many-electron calculation method based on the discrete-variational Xα (DV-Xα) molecular orbital method. There is also the relativistic version of the DVME method, which is based on the relativistic DV-Xα method. Since the explicit many-electron wave functions of the multiplet states of transition-metal (TM) or rare-earth (RE) ions in crystals can be obtained, the DVME method has been applied to the analyses of various luminescent materials such as solid-state lasers and phosphors. In this paper, as examples of the recent applications of the DVME method, the following researches will be briefly presented: (1) Visualization of the energy-structure relationship of Cr3+ in oxides, and (2) Creation of the predictive model of the multiplet energy using machine learning.
Bioplastic from Jackfruit Seeds and Rice
Authors: Lestari Retno A.S. , Kasmiyatun Mega , Dermawan Kevin , Aini Alfia N. , Riyati Nur , Putri Finka R.
Published: May 2020

This study tried to explore characterization of biodegradable plastic from jackfruit seeds and rice waste. Jackfruit seeds and rice waste contain starch, so it can be used for plastic material with addition of several additives such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), glycerol, chitosan and sorbitol. Starch is one of polysaccharides that be used as raw material for biofilms. Polyvinyl alcohol is the most important plastic in making water-soluble films. It was ability to form films, emulsifiers, and its adhesive properties. Polyvinyl alcohol has high tensile strength, good flexibility, and good oxygen barrier. Sorbitol and glycerol are also an additive in the manufacture of biodegradable plastics from starch, which is a plasticizer that increase elasticity. Chitosan have effects to bioplastic, such as biodegradable, hydrophilicity, and anti bacterial. This research aims to determine the effect of addition of PVA, glycerol, chitosan and sorbitol to optimum characteristics of bioplastic. The parameters to be examined bioplastic include thickness, moisture content, tensile strength, and % elongation. Increasing of glycerol added to the plastic material effect to decrease of tensile strength of bioplastic and elongation, lower water resistance and more easily degraded. Increasing of chitosan added to the plastic material effect to higher tensile strength, lower elongation, higher resistance to water and lower degradation. Increasing of PVA added to the plastic material effect to increasing of the tensile strength of the bioplastic and decreasing of elongation of bioplastic, but the increasing of sorbitol effect to decreasing of tensile strength and increasing of elongation of bioplastic.
Detecting Hoaxes in Indonesian News Using TF/TDM and K Nearest Neighbor
Authors: Zuliarso Eri , Anwar Muchamad Taufiq , Hadiono Kristophorus , Chasanah Iswatun
Published: May 2020

The presence of the internet and the rapid growth of social media had given rise to the blossoming of hoax creation and distribution through it. A hoax can cause anxiety and reactivity to its readers and could harm a certain party. Thereby, it is important to detect and report hoaxes to stop its spreading as soon as possible. This research aims to utilize the K Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classification algorithm to detect whether a piece of news is a hoax or not. Experiments were done by using 74 hoaxes compiled from Indonesian hoax-debunking community websites and were being compared against 74 real news from various reputable news websites in Indonesia. The result showed that the model could give detection/classification accuracy up to 83.6% and that the model is prone to false positives detections. The characteristics of the resulted model and further research directions are then discussed.
Decision Support System Museum Ambassadors Using Topsis Method
Authors: Wibowo Setyoningsih , Tyas Maichifa Ayuning , Nada Noora Qotrun , Novita Mega
Published: May 2020

Generally, museum ambassador is based on various criteria from several assessment stages. The evaluation criteria for the audition stage are: interview, communication, appearance. The assessment criteria for the quarantine stage are: creativity, ability, liveliness, loyalty, responsibility, and written test. The final stage assessment criteria are: ideas, communication, and appearance. In the selection process, the committee used manual method so it was prone to errors. The decision support system used TOPSIS method. SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) was used as a design method. The research showed a score of 100 which means that the system is accepted by users. Meanwhile the user testing to four respondents obtained a percentage of 89.24% which means that the system is worth using. The system was developed in the web. So that is need more research to be developed in mobile.
Designing Android Based Education Game Aksara Jawa Using Shuffle Random Algorithm
Authors: Saputro Nugroho Dwi , Romadhani Triana , Dewanto Febrian Murti
Published: May 2020

The lack of appropriate supporting media in learning at the age of children makes the young generation now less familiar and still having difficulty learning Javanese script (Aksara Jawa called in indonesia). For this reason, we need appropriate media in the introduction of Javanese script, one of which is through interesting educational games and can provide information about Javanese script. Games are forms of application that can be used as learning media where the process can be done with the concept of learning while playing for children. In this study the algorithm used was the Shuffle Random Algorithm. With this randomization algorithm, it is expected to avoid repetition of the problem so that the learning process can run effectively. Furthermore, this application was tested using the Black Box, White Box and User Acceptance Test. With the Black Box and White Box testing get a percentage of 100% while with the User Acceptance Test this application has an average of 86%, so it can be concluded that this educational game is feasible to be used as a learning medium for Javanese script.
Electronic state of sulfide-based alkali-ion conducting solid-state electrolytes applied to all- solid-state secondary batteries
Authors: Kowada Yoshiyuki , Akaki Yasukazu , Hayashi Akitoshi , Tatsumisago Masahiro
Published: May 2020

All-solid-state batteries are expected as the next generation secondary batteries for their higher energy density, in-flammable properties, and so on. In order to develop these batteries, there are several problems to improve. One of them is the lower ionic conductivities of the solid-state electrolyte. In order to improve the ionic conductivity, electronic states of the sulfide-based alkali-ion conducting solid-state electrolyte were calculated by the DV-Xα cluster method. The cluster models were constructed by the coordination number reported by experimental methods and the bond length estimated from the ionic radii of each ion. The movement of the cation was simulated by several model clusters with different positions of the moving ion. The relationship between ionic conductivity and the differential total bond overlap population (DBOP) of the moving ion was discussed for the sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes in the several different systems. In any cases, the smaller change of DBOP of the moving cations played an important role for the fast ion movement in the solid-state electrolytes. This bonding state of the moving cations is one of the characteristics of the electronic state in the sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes.
Interaction Analysis Application of Arduino Industrial Automation Trainer Based on Project to Improve Cognitive Ability and The Bodily-Kinesthetic Ability
Authors: Kartikawati S. , Nita S.
Published: May 2020

This research aims to determine the interaction/influence of the application of Arduino Industrial Automation trainer based on projects to enhance cognitive abilities and The Bodily-Kinesthetic abilities. college student This research is in the form of quantitative descriptive research. The sample used in this study is one class taken using Saturated Sampling techniques. The research class was treated by using a project-based Arduino Industrial Automation trainer. The independent variables in this study are project-based Arduino Industrial Automation trainer, while the dependent variable is cognitive abilities and The Bodily-Kinesthetic abilities.. There are 3 kinds of analysis techniques, namely instrument analysis techniques, prerequisite analysis techniques, and hypothesis analysis techniques. The measured research data are cognitive ability data and The Bodily-Kinesthetic ability data. The analysis of the hypothesis test of this study used the T-Test with a significance level of 5%. T-Test Criteria are as follows, Ho is accepted / H1 is rejected if T count is smaller than T table and Ho is rejected / H1 is accepted if T count is greater than T table. From the results of the instrumenT-test, namely the validation test, there are 75% questions stated valid. For the prerequisite test for the normality of cognitive abilities and The Bodily-Kinesthetic abilities on the pretest and posttest obtained L count < L table means the sample is normally distributed. For the prerequisite test for homogeneity of cognitive abilities and The Bodily-Kinesthetic abilities obtained F count < F table means the sample is homogeneous. The results of the T-test for the first dependent variable cognitive ability obtained T count = 24.41 and T table = 1.697, because T count is greater than T table then Ho1 is rejected, meaning that there is an interaction/influence of the implementation of the Arduino Industrial Automation trainer based on projects in improving cognitive abilities. While the results of the T-test for the dependent variable The Bodily-Kinesthetic ability obtained T count = 18.33 with T table = 1.697, because T count is greater than T table then Ho2 is rejected, it means that there is an interaction/influence of the application of the Arduino Industrial Automation trainer based on the project in increasing The Bodily-Kinesthetic abilities. So that it can be concluded that there is an interaction/influence of the application of the Arduino Industrial Automation trainer based on projects in improving cognitive abilities and The Bodily-Kinesthetic abilities.
Analysis Of The Impact Narrative Algorithm Method, Pseudocode And Flowchart Towards Students Understanding Of The Programming Algorithm Courses
Authors: Nita Sekreningsih , Kartikawati Sulistyaning
Published: May 2020

The definition of an algorithm is to describe a problem into a sequence of systematic steps in solving problems. Arranging the algorithm in sequence from beginning to end so that it can solve the problem. The results of the implementation of the algorithm are programs. So the purpose of making an algorithm is to facilitate the making of the program. There are 2 types of algorithms, 1) Text (narration and pseudocode), 2) Visual / image (flowchart). Comparison between the two, students understand it which is higher between the text or visual model. This study aims to see how much infuence the value of students understands the algorithm in text or in an image. In conclusion, students are easier to understand the types of algorithms in an image. The test uses the Paired Sample T test, with a 5% significance level obtained value = 0.05. This means that the t count is greater than t table of 2.06390 and P Value (0,06211 > 0,05) or T-stat smaller than T-critical two tile, it means H1 can be accepted or T-count < T-table (-1,95597<2,06390), so H0 can be accepted.
The Effect Of Decomposer Microorganism Additions On The Natural Hydroponic Technology (Nht) Systems Of Pakchoy Growth
Authors: Nugroho Ary Susatyo , Susatya Dewi Endah Rita , Dzakiy Muhammad Anas
Published: May 2020

Nowadays there is a tendency of the people, especially the middle class and above, to choose vegetables with high quality and safe for body. Therefore, farmers are required to always innovate in terms of vegetable cultivation, so that the crops can compete and be accepted by the community. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of decomposer microorganisms on the Natural Hydroponic Technology (NHT) system on the growth of Pakchoy plants. The study was conducted on May to July 2019 in the agricultural land of Ngesrep Balong Village, Limbangan District, Kendal Regency, Central Java. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with one treatment factor, the type of decomposer microorganisms. The research data was taken through several measurement techniques and direct observation of objects. Data were taken three times on the 14th day, 21stday, and 28thday after planting. Data were then analyzed statistically with ANOVA (Analysys of Variance) at 95% confidence level and continued with LSD test. The analysis shows that the addition of decomposer microorganisms to the Natural Hydroponic Technology (NHT) system can increase the growth rate of Pakchoy plants. Decomposer microorganisms with trademarks ST (Sukses Tani) and EM-4 (Effective Microorganism-4) produce the same growth rate.
Geometry and Stability of Small Gold Cluster Ions by Graph Theory and Hückel model
Authors: Sekine Rika , Kasai Takashi , Furuta Eri , Okakura Masaya
Published: May 2020

Structure and stability of the gold cluster ions of which skeleton are synthesized as a complex were analyzed using the Hückel method based on graph theory. Hückel Energy (HE) and Topological Resonance Energy (TRE) were determined for neutral, positive ion, and negative ion clusters, where all the isomers of the gold cluster up to octamer were considered. Since some graphically designed isomers include bonds that cannot be realized in three- dimensional space, the screening was carried out by a molecular force field calculation with LAMMPS (lammps.sandia.gov/.). Among the isomers thus obtained, both HE and TRE were most stable when the tetramer was Au4
2 + with a tetrahedral structure, and with the hexamer, Au6
2+ with two tetrahedrons sharing one side. The complexes with these structures have actually been synthesized. On the other hand, the synthesis example of the most stable cluster for octamer Au8 has not been reported.
Text Mining Pre-Processing Using Gata Framework and RapidMiner for Indonesian Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Kurniawan S , Gata W , Puspitawati D A , Parthama I K S , Setiawan H , Hartini S
Published: May 2020

Research in the field of Text Mining in general still uses text in English, Arabic, China or others language, while for text in Indonesian is still very limited, so it requires good tools to help Indonesian researchers to conduct research in the field of text mining in Indonesian. Pre-processing is needed for text mining processes such as deleting notation ‘@’, ‘http’ removal, Indonesian stopwords, normalizing acronym, slang words, emoticons, and Indonesian stemming. The GATA Framework Text Mining provided is one of the options for conducting text mining research in Indonesian and has been used by several researchers. There are several known data mining processing methods, including KKD, CRISP-DM, and SEMMA, all three of which are quite reliable methods. CRISP-DM which consists of; Bussiness Understanding, Data Understanding, Data Preparation, Modeling, Evaluation, and Deployment is a method that is quite widely used in research in the field of text mining which can be combined with text pre-processing. With so much research in the field of Text Mining in Indonesian, the need for pre-processing in Indonesian is very important. GATA Framework is an option for pre-processing devices that can be combined with Repidminer devices, as seen from the results of the excellent FUPRS.
Ability estimation in computerized adaptive test using Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System
Authors: Ridwan W , Wiranto I , Dako R D R
Published: May 2020

Assessment is an activity to find out the learning outcomes of a course. Conventionally, assessment is done using a pencil and paper test. Along with the development of information and communication technology, evaluation can be done computerized, known as Computer Based Test (CBT). The Computerized Adaptive Test (CAT) is one form of CBT where the items given are chosen based on the students’ abilities. This research aims to design a system that can estimate the ability of students based on the parameters of the questions and answers given. The estimation method uses the Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System (MFIS). The input MFIS is a level of difficulty and discrimination of the questions, the probability of students being able to answer correctly, and the student’s answer, while the output is an ability estimated. Based on this fuzzy system output, the next item questions will be determined according to the ability of the students. 24 IF-THEN rules are used for fuzzy systems. CAT simulations are carried out for Linear Algebra Course with six topics, namely vector, matrices concepts, matrices operation, determinant, inverse, and matrices applications. The type of question given is multiple choice. Giving items will be stopped if the value of the estimated ability of the students has not changed. From the simulations carried out, for each topic, the ability of the student can be acquired with the number of questions as many as six questions. So that the CAT system can minimize the time of the exam, reduce the subjectivity of the assessment and can arrange for each student to get the questions according to his abilities.
Seawater distillation using vacuum pumps and ultraviolet lights to improve desalination process and freshwater quality
Authors: Rosyad M S , Ramadhani S , Riski I , Sutanto H , Wahyono Y , Indrawan W
Published: May 2020

Lack of clean water supply quantitatively because of 97% water in earth is seawater with 35% salinity. One effort that can be done to overcome the clean water crisis is through desalination of seawater to produce water with low salinity. Some of the desalination methods that ever existed were MSF (Multi Stage Flash Distillation) and Reverse Osmosis. However, both of these methods have high investment cost. Therefore, a cheaper and easier method to apply such as distillation is required. In this research, distillation system is made of stainless steel and aluminium combined with vacuum pumps and ultraviolet lights. The use vacuum pump can speed up the evaporation process of seawater. Ultraviolet lights function to degrade heavy metal pollutants and eliminate harmful bacteria. Tests carried out include evaporation rate and water quality. This technology can increase water productivity up to 2 times and water quality shows a decrease in some pollutant parameters including 99.7% TDS, 99.93% salinity, 100% total coliform, and heavy metals Fe of 96,1%, Cr of 90.33% and Zn of 98,9%, and pH of seawater being neutral from 7.5 to 6.9. The technology has the potential to be applied to the community.
Reactive power injection at the North Makassar distribution system with D-STATCOM
Authors: Muslimin Z , Suyuti A , Palantei E , Indrabayu I , Gunadin I C
Published: May 2020

The need for electrical energy is increasing in line with the growth of population. As consequences of high demand, electrical power network is also extended massively. A wider distance between the power generator to far load centers also consider as drawback in performances due to power loss along the transmission. The problem of power loss and voltage drop in the distribution system can be solved by installing DSTATCOM. This paper aims at finding the effect of DSTATCOM installation on real power losses and reactive power, as well as its effect on voltage profiles on the North Makassar Distribution System. The simulation results show that by installing DSTATCOM on 92 Bus North Makassar Distribution System on several buses, increasing of performances can be achieved. The average active power loss decreased by 2.5%, declining of the reactive power loss averaged 26.7% and the average voltage profile improved by 0.12% (2.5 kV).
Analysis of use and need of sectoral electrical power and energy in West Java Region
Authors: Sucita T , Mulyadi Y
Published: May 2020

The current and future usage and power needs of electricity are important in electricity utilities. This study aims to predict the amount of power and electricity usage and demand from various sectors in order to be used as a reference and an overview of the amount of sectoral load and electrical energy needs in the West Java region in the future. The method for determining the estimated electrical load and energy requirements can be calculated by a combined method (analytical, econometric and trend) and a simple linear regression method with a sectoral approach by grouping customers into five sectors (household, business, industrial, general and social). The findings of the study using the combined method of the percentage of the amount of power connected by 5.46% with an error of 4.42%, and the amount of energy sold at 4.78% with an error of 4.49%. Whereas by using the regression method the percentage of total connected power is 5.27% with an error of 3.54%, and the amount of energy sold is 4.24% with an error of 3.98%. By doing these forecasts it is hoped that the future electricity needs can be met.
IoT scheme for surveillance system and laboratory security access
Authors: Fushshilat I , Yogasmana Y
Published: May 2020

This paper proposes to design a modern surveillance system and laboratory access using digital technology, through the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) which is becoming one of the trending topics in the development of world technology nowadays. IoT makes several electronic devices such as actuators, biometric sensors, RFID Reader, servers, and IP cameras are connected to an Internet network. Thus, those devices can be accessed anytime anywhere outside laboratory. identification of visitors are using RFID cards or biometrics sign such as fingerprints or faces that have been recognized by the system and every time visitors come to laboratory, they are recorded directly into the server automatically, IP camera allows displaying in real-time condition of the Laboratory, The system is utilizing the indoor sound system as a device for conducting teleconferences and appealing for information to visitors to the laboratory remotely via the internet, all of these are very useful for establishing a better security and surveillance system and facilitating work of laboratory administrators.
Design and fabrication of double layer bowtie antenna with modification of wing edge as UHF sensor for partial discharge detection in air insulation
Authors: Uwiringiyimana J P , Khayam U
Published: May 2020

Partial discharge (PD) has been used as a reliable diagnostic technique for High voltage equipment. UHF methods have been widely applied for the detection of electromagnetic waves emitted from PD source in High Voltage equipment. EM wave propagation produced by PD can be detected by using UHF sensors. This paper discusses the new design of double layer bowtie antenna with modification of the wing edge of the antenna as a UHF sensor for PD detection in air insulation. The double layer bowtie antenna was designed by using FR4-epoxy substrate type and later on printed on PCB. The 3D-HFSS software was used to design the bowtie antenna. Based on simulation results of double layer bowtie antenna, the optimum design for PD measurement was obtained with a minimum return loss (RL) of -34.7 dB, the bandwidth of 560 MHz, and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of 1.03. Based on the measurement results for the designed bowtie antenna by using the Vector Network Analyser (VNA), the bowtie antenna has a return loss of -14 dB, the bandwidth of 555 MHz, and VSWR of 1.05. The designed UHF double layer bowtie antenna is capable of detecting PD in UHF range since PD signal have a frequency range of 300 MHz - 3 GHz.
Gateway system for portable finger scanners
Authors: Nugraha T P , Wahyudin D
Published: May 2020

The attendance system serves as authentic proof of someone’s presence, in this instance the system is meant to account for lecturer’s presence. The current portable finger scanner attendance tool used does not yet have a system for processing data. The purpose of this study is to create a system that is able to receive, process and store data that has been sent by a portable finger scanner. The method carried out in this study was an experiment including designing hardware, software, and testing tools. The trial results show that the tool runs in accordance with the planned specifications. Data can be received through LoRa, stored in the database, and then converted into Excel format. Each mode is able to function properly, the planned distance of acceptance is achieved, and the final purpose of designing the tool is fulfilled.
A low-cost Holter monitor design equipped with external memory and Bluetooth connection
Authors: Nofitasari D , Wisana I D G H , Triwiyanto T , Setioningsih E D , Mak’ruf M R , Nugraha P C
Published: May 2020

Monitoring the heart activity is critical for a patient with heart disease. Twenty-hour detecting of the ECG signal will help the clinician to diagnose the hearth. This device is usually called a Holter monitor. However, the price of this device is very expensive, therefore the development of a Holter is required. The purpose of this study is to develop a portable and low-cost Holter system to record the ECG signal in twenty-four hours. The mainboard is composed of a pre-amplifier, bandpass filter, notch filter, summing amplifier, Arduino microcontroller, SD Card Memory, and a Bluetooth transmitter. ECG signal is collected from the body based on the standard measurement of LEAD II. The ECG signal is sampled with a frequency sampling of 200 Hz. To record the raw data of the ECG signal, the SD Card Memory was used to save the data for further data analysis. Calibration was conducted by using an ECG phantom. The calibration was performed in order to make this design to be a standard ECG machine. The design was also equipped with a Bluetooth transmitter to transmit the data to the computer. The total price to develop this device is 460,000 IDR. After the evaluation, the BPM error of this Holter is ±0.0273% and the Holter able to operate in 24 hours. The developed ECG Holter is portable in dimension and low cost to be fabricated for mass production to help people with heart disease.
Implementation of cuckoo search algorithm for support vector machine parameters optimization in pre collision warning
Authors: Puspaningrum A , Suheryadi A , Sumarudin A
Published: May 2020

Nowadays, pre-collision warning is one of the substantial aspects of the transportation sector. One of the steps to detect the collisions is by classifying and predicting the collisions. There are many supervised machine learning algorithms used, such as Least Square – Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM). Radial Based Function (RBF) is one of the LS-SVM kernels, which is a well-known method to support reliable performance. However, C and Gamma of its parameters are chosen randomly. This makes the performance of the classifier less optimal. To overcome that problem, this paper proposed a cuckoo search algorithm for optimizing two parameters to get optimal accuracy. The proposed approach is applied to 8437 transportation records and evaluated by using Accuracy. In addition, the performance of the proposed method is compared to other well-known meta-heuristic optimization algorithms, namely: Bat Algorithm (BA-SVM) and Firefly Algorithm (FA-SVM). Experimental results show that the Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA-SVM) yields the best performance for each of the 10-folds cross-validation by reaching 84.817% for accuracy, compared to the Bat Algorithm and Firefly Algorithm.
Investigation of characteristics of bamboo fiber for composite structures
Authors: Martijanti M , Juwono A L , Sutarno S
Published: May 2020

Bamboo fibers have been used for reinforcements in structural composites because of their environmental friendly properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of three types of bamboo, namely Tali bamboo, Gombong bamboo and Haur Hejo bamboo to meet the requirements for a reinforcement in structural composites. The three types of bamboo fibers were alkaline treated by varying the concentrations of NaOH (4% and 6%), and immersion times (1, 2, and 3 hours). The alkaline pre-treatment was conducted at the temperature of 120°C and the pressure of 0.5 MPa using a steam explosion method. The treated bamboo fibers were characterized by FTIR and measured their tensile strengths. The tensile test results showed that the tensile strengths of Tali, Gombong, and Haur Hejo bamboss were 710 MPa, 418 MPa, and 457 MPa respectively. Whereas, the FTIR analysis indicated that there was still a peak of lignin with small intensity marked by aromatic C = C (alkyne) at the wavelength of 1500-2600 cm−1 for all types of bamboo. There was also a peak of cellulose with an increase in the intensity marked by the aromatic group C = H (alkene) at the wavelength of 1900-2400.
Rare earth metals utilization opportunities in the development of Indonesia defense industry technology
Authors: Jannah N F , Aritonang S , Sunardi S , Adiprayoga S N , Rajak D D A
Published: May 2020

Industrial technology developments that entered the era of 4.0, other than to utilize the development of technology which based on the internet of things, big data, artificial intelligence, cloud, etc., also need to be supported by advanced material technology capabilities, namely rare earth metals. In the defense industry, rare earth metals used in defense and security equipment such as military vehicle coating materials that are able to dodge or absorb waves of enemy radar detection, jet engine components of aircraft fighter, missile weapons systems, electronic components, subsea detectors, satellite devices and material for radar, etc. This research was conducted through literature review and using the SWOT analysis method on the opportunities for the use of rare-earth metals in Indonesia defense industry products. The data used are secondary data, which includes data on the distribution of rare earth metals in Indonesia and the specifications of the use of rare-earth metals in the defense industry. Based on the defense requirements for defense products and the percentage of rare earth metals content in the territory of Indonesia, one of the opportunities for the use of rare-earth metals for defense industry products is in the application of anti-radar layers.
Electrospun of Poly (vinyl alcohol)/ Potassium hydroxide (PVA/KOH) nanofiber composites using the electrospinning method
Authors: Almafie M R , Nawawi Z , Jauhari J , Sriyanti I
Published: May 2020

The Poly (vinyl alcohol)/Potassium hydroxide (PVA/KOH) nanofiber Composites for application as a supercapacitor electrolyte. Electrospinning method has been successfully used to synthesize composite of the PVA/KOH nanofiber. The PVA and KOH have been made with concentration are 5% w/w (PK1), 10% w/w (PK2) and 15% w/w (PK3), with a mass ratio of PVA/KOH is 10:1. The Physicochemical properties of PVA/KOH nanofibers with three various in the experiment were studied, including morphology, size, and chemical interaction. The microscope result shows that nanofiber of PK1, PK2 and PK3 have bead fiber and free-bead fiber, Where the PK1 is bead fiber and the PK2 and PK3 are free-bead fiber. The average diameter of PK1, PK2 and PK3 were 635, 826, 1021 nm, respectively. The FTIR results show that there is interaction between Poly (vinyl alcohol) and Potassium hydroxide (KOH) in the form of a spectrum and widening of transmittance are 3320 cm-1 and 3301cm-1 which identifies hydrogen bonds.
Vertical handoff model in next generation wireless networks
Authors: Kustiawan I , Hariyadi T , Nurjannah D R
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this research is to propose a scheme for making handoff decisions effectively. We propose a handoff decision strategy through a fuzzy logic system to perform a seamless handoff. We combine four types of determinants, namely, RSS (received signal strength), data rate, network latency, and user preferences as input metrics to our fuzzy inference engine. RSS is pre-processed first by the Kalman filter to get rid of noise. The logic of the inference engine is realized on the User Equipment side as a faster reaction to network dynamics. Our scheme performance is evaluated by simulating mobility scenarios through the context of move-out and move-in scenarios. Simulation results show that our scheme outperforms other approaches in terms of reducing unnecessary handoff for all cases.
Analysis high gain waveguide slot antenna 2.3 GHz for Long Term Evolution-Time Division Duplex (LTE-TDD)
Authors: Hakim N F A , Hariyadi T , Pantjawati A B , Mulyanti B
Published: May 2020

Waveguide slot antenna has many benefits in term of high gain, simple design and stable performance that can be applied to telecommunications systems. This paper will discuss about the design and analysis of waveguide slot antenna for LTE (Long Term Evolution) at a frequency of 2.3 to 2.4 GHz. The results obtained will be used for reference whether the antenna can be used for LTE-TDD frequencies. This research was conducted in two steps. The first step involved simulation of antenna design and optimization using 3D Electromagnetic Simulator software. Data simulation results showed that the working frequency of the antenna between 2.30 to. While in the second step, fabrication and measurement were carried out using a spectrum analyser and network analyser. The results obtained from measurements show that the antenna has a frequency between 2.28 to 2.41 GHz with bandwidth 130 MHz. The antenna has a directional radiation pattern with a gain at a frequency of 2.3 MHz of 15.68 dBi. From the simulation results and measurement, it can be concluded that the design of these antennas can be used for LTE-TDD applications.
Bioinspired micro/nanostructured surfaces prepared by femtosecond laser direct writing for multi-functional applications
Authors: Zhang Yiyuan , Jiao Yunlong , Li Chuanzong , Chen Chao , Li Jiawen , Hu Yanlei , Wu Dong , Chu Jiaru
Published: May 2020

Femtosecond laser direct writing (FLDW) has been widely employed in controllable manufacturing of biomimetic micro/nanostructures due to its specific advantages including high precision, simplicity, and compatibility for diverse materials in comparison with other methods (e.g. ion etching, sol-gel process, chemical vapor deposition, template method, and self-assembly). These biomimetic micro/nanostructured surfaces are of significant interest for academic and industrial research due to their wide range of potential applications, including self-cleaning surfaces, oil-water separation, and fog collection. This review presents the inherent relationship between natural organisms, fabrication methods, micro/nanostructures and their potential applications. Thereafter, we throw a list of current fabrication strategies so as to highlight the advantages of FLDW in manufacturing bioinspired microstructured surfaces. Subsequently, we summarize a variety of typical bioinspired designs (e.g. lotus leaf, pitcher plant, rice leaf, butterfly wings, etc) for diverse multifunctional micro/nanostructures through extreme femtosecond laser processing technology. Based on the principle of interfacial chemistry and geometrical optics, we discuss the potential applications of these functional micro/nanostructures and assess the underlying challenges and opportunities in the extreme fabrication of bioinspired micro/nanostructures by FLDW. This review concludes with a follow up and an outlook of femtosecond laser processing in biomimetic domains.
Hyperarousal Symptoms in Survivors of Cardiac Arrest Are Associated With 13 Month Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality
Authors: Presciutti Alex , Shaffer Jonathan , Sumner Jennifer A , Elkind Mitchell S V , Roh David J , Park Soojin , Claassen Jan , Edmondson Donald , Agarwal Sachin
Published: May 2020

Background

Key dimensions of cardiac arrest-induced posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms include reexperiencing, avoidance, numbing, and hyperarousal. It remains unknown which dimensions are most predictive of outcome.

Purpose

To determine which dimensions of cardiac arrest-induced PTSD are predictive of clinical outcome within 13 months posthospital discharge.

Methods

PTSD symptoms were assessed in survivors of cardiac arrest who were able to complete psychological screening measures at hospital discharge via the PTSD Checklist-Specific scale, which queries for 17 symptoms using five levels of severity. Responses on items for each symptom dimension of the four-factor numbing model (reexperiencing, avoidance, numbing, and hyperarousal) were converted to Z-scores and treated as continuous predictors. The combined primary endpoint was all-cause mortality (ACM) or major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; hospitalization for myocardial infarction, unstable angina, heart failure, emergency coronary revascularization, or urgent defibrillator/pacemaker placements) within 13 months postdischarge. Four bivariate Cox proportional hazards survival models evaluated associations between individual symptom dimensions and ACM/MACE. A multivariable model then evaluated whether significant bivariate predictors remained independent predictors of the primary outcome after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, premorbid psychiatric diagnoses, and initial cardiac rhythm.

Results

A total of 114 patients (59.6% men, 52.6% white, mean age: 54.6 ± 13 years) were included. In bivariate analyses, only hyperarousal was significantly associated with ACM/MACE. In a fully adjusted model, 1 standard deviation increase in hyperarousal symptoms corresponded to a two-times increased risk of experiencing ACM/MACE.

Conclusions

Greater level of hyperarousal symptoms was associated with a higher risk of ACM/MACE within 13 months postcardiac arrest. This initial evidence should be further investigated in a larger sample.
Envelopes in multivariate regression models with nonlinearity and heteroscedasticity
Authors: Zhang X , Lee C E , Shao X
Published: May 2020

Envelopes have been proposed in recent years as a nascent methodology for sufficient dimension reduction and efficient parameter estimation in multivariate linear models. We extend the classical definition of envelopes in Cook et al. (2010) to incorporate a nonlinear conditional mean function and a heteroscedastic error. Given any two random vectors ${X}\in\mathbb{R}^{p}$ and ${Y}\in\mathbb{R}^{r}$, we propose two new model-free envelopes, called the martingale difference divergence envelope and the central mean envelope, and study their relationships to the standard envelope in the context of response reduction in multivariate linear models. The martingale difference divergence envelope effectively captures the nonlinearity in the conditional mean without imposing any parametric structure or requiring any tuning in estimation. Heteroscedasticity, or nonconstant conditional covariance of ${Y}\mid{X}$, is further detected by the central mean envelope based on a slicing scheme for the data. We reveal the nested structure of different envelopes: (i) the central mean envelope contains the martingale difference divergence envelope, with equality when ${Y}\mid{X}$ has a constant conditional covariance; and (ii) the martingale difference divergence envelope contains the standard envelope, with equality when ${Y}\mid{X}$ has a linear conditional mean. We develop an estimation procedure that first obtains the martingale difference divergence envelope and then estimates the additional envelope components in the central mean envelope. We establish consistency in envelope estimation of the martingale difference divergence envelope and central mean envelope without stringent model assumptions. Simulations and real-data analysis demonstrate the advantages of the martingale difference divergence envelope and the central mean envelope over the standard envelope in dimension reduction.
Electric vehicles: the future we made and the problem of unmaking it
Authors: Morgan Jamie
Published: May 2020

The uptake of battery electric vehicles (BEVs), subject to bottlenecks, seems to have reached a tipping point in the UK and this mirrors a general trend globally. BEVs are being positioned as one significant strand in the web of policy intended to translate the good intentions of Article 2 of the Conference of the Parties 21 Paris Agreement into reality. Governments and municipalities are anticipating that a widespread shift to BEVs will significantly reduce transport-related carbon emissions and, therefore, augment their nationally determined contributions to emissions reduction within the Paris Agreement. However, matters are more complicated than they may appear. There is a difference between thinking we can just keep relying on human ingenuity to solve problems after they emerge and engaging in fundamental social redesign to prevent the trajectories of harm. BEVs illustrate this. The contribution to emissions reduction per vehicle unit may be less than the public initially perceive since the important issue here is the lifecycle of the BEV and this is in no sense zero-emission. Furthermore, even though one can make the case that BEVs are a superior alternative to the fossil fuel-powered internal combustion engine, the transition to BEVs may actually facilitate exceeding the carbon budget on which the Paris Agreement ultimately rests. Whether in fact it does depends on the nature of the policy that shapes the transition. If the transition is a form of substitution that conforms to rather than shifts against current global scales and trends in private transportation, then it is highly likely that BEVs will be a successful failure. For this not to be the case, then the transition to BEVs must be coordinated with a transformation of the current scales and trends in private transportation. That is, a significant reduction in dependence on and individual ownership of powered vehicles, a radical reimagining of the nature of private conveyance and of public transportation.
Functionalism According to Paul Reuter: Playing a Lone Hand
Authors: Lagrange Evelyne
Published: May 2020

The true designer of the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) might have been a French professor of international law, Paul Reuter (1911–1990). Then working in the shadow of Jean Monnet, he became one of the leading experts in public international law in France from the late 1950s on and also served on the International Law Commission. It was not his style to develop a fully-fledged theory of functionalism, but he paid the utmost attention to the ‘functions’ of international organizations. While demonstrating a certain reluctance towards some consequences associated with functionalism, he expressed no disdain for a lite version of ‘constitutionalism’. Discretely, Reuter outlined a balancing between ‘functionalism’ and ‘constitutionalism’. He more insistently elaborated on the respective role of experts and policy-makers.
Challenges and Pitfalls in Research on Compliance with the ‘Views’ of UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies: A Reply to Vera Shikhelman
Authors: Ullmann Andreas J , von Staden Andreas
Published: May 2020

Vera Shikhelman’s recent article on the implementation of the views of the United Nations Human Rights Committee (HRC) took a valuable first step towards addressing the question why states do, or do not, comply with adverse treaty body views. In this contribution, we contend that parts of the chosen theoretical and methodological approach are somewhat problematic, however, and ultimately weaken the overall strength and reliability of Shikhelman’s findings. Theoretically, we question whether hypotheses developed in the context of studying compliance with international law and legally binding court judgments can be transferred to legally non-binding views without adjusting for potentially consequential differences in their legal status. Methodologically, we note certain issues concerning the data generated by the HRC’s follow-up procedure and its use in Shikhelman’s analysis, and suggest that statistical methods that take into consideration the time dimension of implementation processes, notably survival analysis, yield analytically more convincing causal inferences. We provide illustrative results of such a methodologically revised approach to examining compliance with adverse HRC views that reveal more fine-grained insights into the temporally unfolding processes of implementing such decisions.
“Till debt do us part”: financial implications of the divorce of the Irish Free State from the United Kingdom, 1922–1926
Authors: Fitzgerald John , Kenny Seán
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we discuss the apportionment of national debt when Ireland exited the UK in 1922. We estimate that the claim on Ireland amounted to 80 percent of Irish Gross National Product (G.N.P.) and describe how it was ultimately waived at the expense of an unchanged land border with Northern Ireland. While this represents the largest debt relief episode in the twentieth century, the political cost of the agreement exceeded the financial gain in the long run. We find that domestic markets reacted more to political uncertainty than the pending liability, despite the financial stability which resulted from the debt write-down.