bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of nursing education strategies based on health promotion model on increasing family independence in caring for maternal health
Authors: Naharia Laubo  , Ruslan Hasani  , Iwan  , Sri Wahyuni Awaluddin  , Sukriyadi  , Sitti Aminah  , Nuraeni Jalil  , Abdul Kadir Ahmad  , Hasifah  , Hamsina
Published: June 2022

Maternal health refers to health during pregnancy, during childbirth, and the postnatal period. This is related to the dimensions of family planning, before conception, before giving birth, and after giving birth to improve health status and reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. In 2015, the maternal mortality rate in Indonesia was reported as 305 per 100.000 live births with the highest cause being bleeding. This study aims to evaluate the effect of nursing education strategies based on the health promotion model on increasing family independence in maintaining maternal health. This research was a quasi-experimental study using a non-randomized pretest and posttest with a control group design. The study was conducted at the Bara-Baraya Health Center in Makassar. The research sample consisted of 64 respondents (32 in the intervention group and 32 in the control group) using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis, findings in the intervention group showed that the average level of family independence in maintaining maternal health at the time of the pretest was 2.78±0.42 and the average level of family independence in maintaining maternal health at the time of the posttest was 7.00±0.00, increased 4.22±0.42 after the HPM intervention. The average level of family independence in maintaining maternal health in the pretest control group was 2.66±0.48, and the average level of family independence in maternal health in the posttest was 3.22±0.42 also increased. The results showed that the Health Promotion Model intervention had an effect on the level of family independence in maintaining maternal health, p = 0.001.
Nikah Beda Agama Dalam Pandangan Liberalis dan Peraturan Perkawinan di Indonesia
Authors: Ahmad Baharudin
Published: June 2022

This paper examines the liberal muslim intelectuals view on inter-religious marriage, arguing that liberal muslim's judgment on the legality of inter-religious marriage is in contradiction with the pronouncement of the exiting state law on marriage such as no 1 tahun 1974, no 9 tahun 1075 and the state compilation of islmaic law (Komilasi Hukum Islam), furthermore,using islamic legal reasoning, the paper staress that the disadvantages (mudarat) of inter-religous marriage overmeigh its advantages (maslahah) and therefore argues again is legality as proposed by liberal muslim intelectuals.
Dinamika Hukum Islam Dalam Konfigurasi Politik Hukum di Indonesia
Authors: Hidayati Rahmi
Published: June 2022

The article examines the dynamic of slamic political law in indonesia. within the history of indonesia, the efforts to imlement islamic law have experienced ebb and flow. it strongly depends on the size of electoral vote gained by islamic political parties to put their representaves at the parliement. it implies, therefore without political support the implementation of islamic law would remain inconceivable. the better the relationship between islam and politics, the greater the chances for the implementation of islamic law. however, the more distant the relationship between them, the smaller the chances for the implementation of islamic law.
An Analysis of the Failures and Successes of the Presidential Decree in the Parliament Dissolution (A Comparative of the Presidential Decree in Tunisia and Indonesia During Soekarno and Abdurrahman Wahid)
Authors: Ahmad Jafar , Fadillah Nisaul
Published: June 2022

This article investigates a legal politics in Tunisia and Indonesia focuses the fate of the presidential decree in Tunisia in the dissolution of Parliament context. Did it succeed or fail? This analysis is obtained through a comparative study of the same pattern in Indonesia, namely the presidential decree during the Soekarno leadership and Abdurrahman Wahid or Gus Dur. The data is obtained through literature studies such as scientific books and journals. Researchers also construct the data through online media studies both at domestic and abroad. The results of this study illustrate how the pattern of the Presidential decree in Tunisia on July 27th, 2021. It has similarities with the presidential decree that occurred during the Soekarno Presidential era on July 5th, 1959. Military forces fully supported the decree that led to the dissolution of Parliament. Unlike Gus Dur, who stepped down from his post after issuing a decree. Kais Saied's decree in Tunisia is predicted to be a success and perpetuate his reign as President.
Icreasing the efficiency of district heating supply systems by local heat distribution station modernation
Authors: Gorinov Yu. A. , Anisimov P. N.
Published: June 2022

The PURPOSE of the study is to improve the efficiency of district heating systems. To achieve this purpose, the following tasks must be completed. To consider the problems of functioning of an open heat supply system functioning. Perform an analysis of technical solutions for the modernization of local heat distribution and metering station are presented. To develop a technological scheme of local heat distribution station with a hot-water supply system. To determine the main technical, economic and investment indicators of the developed technical solution.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. Measurements were made using the local heat metering station. When solving the set tasks, a methodology for assessing efficiency was applied with the calculation of capital and operating costs, including the calculation of the payback period.

RESULTS. A new scheme for regulating of hot water supply system recirculation with open connection of consumers to a centralized source is proposed. The results of the implementation of the developed technical solution of local heat distribution and metering station for apartment buildings in Yoshkar-Ola city are presented. An experimental study of the effect of a joint additional installation of a pump and a control valve on the hot water supply system recirculation line before the mixing unit for hot water recirculation with return pipe and before the direct-acting temperature controller was the first to do. As a result, the consumption of district water was reduced by 36 - 39%, the temperature in the return pipeline was reduced by 13.5%; the enthalpy of the hot water was reduced from 0.168 to 0.145 Gcal/m3, the required circulation in all risers of the hot water supply system was ensured.

CONCLUSION. The use of the developed technical solution for the modernization of local heat distribution and metering station increases the efficiency of district heating supply systems. Calculations made on the basis of the readings of automatic custody heat transfer meter showed that the payback period for the technical solution is 40 days. The proposed solution is recommended for use in local heat distribution station of open heat supply system in order to reduce water rate, lower the temperature in the return pipeline and reduce heat losses, improve circulation in all riser pipes of the hot water system.
Dynamic reprogramming methods for a mobile robot with modular architecture.
Authors: Andreev V. P. , Pletenev P. F.
Published: June 2022

THE PURPOSEof this article is to analyze existing and promising methods of dynamic reprogramming suitable for use in a mobile robot with a modular control system architecture. The article briefly describes functional-modular architecture of the control system (CS) of a mobile robot implementing distributed computing, which makes it possible to ensure the real-time operation of the modules’ CS even when it’s built using low-power embedded systems. The article describes features of 4 different methods according to 6 criteria: applicability on different embedded systems, the amount of operating and program memory required, the speed of calculations, the theoretical complexity of creating an implementation of the method, the theoretical complexity of using the method by the end user (tuner), the flexibility of the method being created. The results of this study are given in form of recommendations for the application of the considered methods in different environments and purposes.
Features of direct measurements for evaluation of the volume activity of radionuclides in the air of the working area
Authors: Gerasimenko A. S. , Dorokhov S. V. , Krivorotova V. V.
Published: June 2022

OBJECT. To consider problematic issues related to measurements of radionuclides in the air of the working area released during repackaging of bulk solid radioactive waste during decommissioning of nuclear energy facilities. To develop a method of direct measurements for operational control of the concentration of radioactive aerosols in the air of the working area, ensuring that the control level is not exceeded by the annual effective dose of personnel.

METHODS. To solve this problem, the method of calculating the maximum possible number of alpha particles on the selected sample of the analytical filter AFA-RSP20 was used.

RESULTS. A method of operational control of the radiation situation in the workplaces of personnel using direct measurements by portable radiation monitoring devices of the alpha particle flux density from the exposed AFA-RSP20 filter is proposed. The use of this method makes it possible to provide control in cases where the use of standard installations for measuring the volumetric activity of radioactive aerosols is unavailable or impossible. The article describes the relevance of the topic, the calculation of the reference level of the alpha particle flux density from the surface of the AFA-RSP20 filter is given.

CONCLUSIONS. Passport characteristics of personal respiratory protection equipment do not provide convincing data on the operation of the filter with a specific pollutant. For the correct decision-making on the use of certain types of personal respiratory protection by personnel working with radioactive waste containing transuranium radionuclides, it is necessary to control the volumetric activity of radionuclides in the air. Based on calculations and direct measurements, it is shown that the use of an operational method for measuring the alpha particle flux density from an exposed AFA-RSP20 filter makes it possible to monitor the radiation situation at personnel workplaces during decommissioning of nuclear energy facilities.
Editorial
Authors: Velázquez Marroni Cintia
Published: June 2022

Editorial número 23.
El uso del estándar Object ID y del software Tainacan en la documentación museológica: experiencias desde Brasil y México
Authors: Velázco Reyes Gloria Donají , Lopes Martins Dalton , Conrado Martins Luciana , Molina Salinas Claudio , Ángeles Jiménez Pedro
Published: June 2022

Este INFORME ACADÉMICO describe el proceso de implementación del estándar Object ID usando Tainacan, un software gratuito de código abierto, en cuatro instituciones museológicas de distintos países, Brasil y México, como un estudio contrastivo de caso. Consideramos la hipótesis de que ambos países comparten similitudes relacionadas con los contextos culturales y los objetos patrimoniales. Por ende, esperábamos resultados similares, como los beneficios observados de usar un programa de documentación y un esquema de metadatos. En este estudio de caso presentamos los resultados preliminares de una investigación en curso, y como se verá, aún queda mucho por hacer. Para el futuro estamos considerando ampliar el experimento a otros estándares como el Lightweight Information Describing Objects (LIDO). ___ This ACADEMIC REPORT describes the implementation process of the Object ID standard using Tainacan, a free open-source software which included four museological institutions from different countries Brazil and Mexico— as a comparative case study. We considered the hypothesis that the two countries share similarities related to cultural contexts and heritage objects. Therefore, we expected similar results, such as the observed benefits of using a documentation software and a metadata schema. In this case study, we present the results of this investigation but, as will be seen, much remains to be done. As a prospect for the future, we are considering to expand the experiment to other standards, such as the Lightweight Information Describing Objects (LIDO) standard.
Upaya Meningkatkan Minat dan Hasil Belajar Matematika Materi Luas Bangun Ruang dengan Media Bangun Ruang pada Siswa Kelas VI SD Negeri 002 Bengkong Semester 2 Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022
Authors: Kalsum Umi
Published: June 2022

This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) which aims to find out how to increase interest and learning outcomes in mathematics on the subject of spatial construction using the media for the sixth grade students of SD Negeri 002 Bengkong in the second semester of the 2021/2022 academic year. The results showed that students who had learning outcomes in the high category increased from 20 students who completed to 30 who completed the second cycle. In addition, student learning outcomes also increased, where in the pre-cycle when learning was not implemented using spatial media from the first cycle, the average value was 71.34 to 78.95. The percentage of students who finished studying was 55.26% in the first cycle then in the second cycle rose to 78.95%. So with the acquisition of these numbers, the application of spatial media meets the successful category, because it has met the predetermined success rate, which is 75%.
Did we do it right? The effect of postponing elective orthopedic surgeries due to the pandemic on the quality of life
Authors: GENCER Batuhan , ÇULCU Ahmet , MERT Orhan , DOĞAN Özgür
Published: June 2022

Objective: To investigate the effect of the postponement of elective surgeries on the quality of life of the patients and to examine the post-operative COVID-19 rates of patients who underwent elective surgery and investigate the associated risk factors. Methods: In this retrospective study, 187 patients who underwent elective surgery between June and July 2020 and between January and May 2021 were examined. Age, gender, occupation, comorbidity, time of surgical delay, type of surgery, hospitalization, and follow-up periods were recorded. Surgeries were categorized under four headings; knee arthroscopy, arthroplasty, rotator cuff repair/impingement, and minor surgery. To examine the quality of life of all operated patients, a validated Turkish version of EQ-5D-3L was used. All patients were questioned on phone to identify the risk factors for transmission. Statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS 26.0 version. Results: Among the 187 patients evaluated in the study, 40 patients (21.4%) were diagnosed nCOV-19 during the postoperative period. Regardless of the type of surgery performed, mobility, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression scores were increased significantly postoperatively (p
Different Outcomes of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease after Transvaginal Oocyte Retrieval in Patients with and without Endometriosis and the Factors Influencing Its Treatment: A Retrospective Study of 66 Cases
Authors: Zhao Wei , Chen Ruizhe , Le Fang , Chen Xijing , Yang Xinyun , Gao Huijuan , Lou Hangying , Zhu Yimin
Published: June 2022

Background: Even though endometriosis is an important risk factor for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), it is still not clear whether endometriosis influences PID after ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval (TVOR). Therefore, this work was designed to explore whether endometriosis will influence PID after TVOR and study the influencing factors of receiving drainage treatment to improve the outcomes of patients with PID. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between 2004 and 2017. Data were collected from Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China. This study included 66 patients with acute PID symptoms after TVOR with or without endometriosis. The independent factors predicting drainage treatment were determined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, and their optimal cut-off points were ascertained using a receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: Among 66 cases, there were 53 women without endometriosis and 13 women with stage III or IV endometriosis. The significantly higher maximum body temperature (p = 0.047), longer days of fever (p = 0.043) and duration of intravenous (IV) antibiotic use (p = 0.001), and more receiving drainage treatment (p = 0.002) were found in the patients with endometriosis. In vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles (odds ratio [OR] = 6.055, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.360–26.961, p = 0.018), puncture cyst during TVOR (OR = 60.167, 95% CI = 2.477–1461.619, p = 0.012), and pre-treatment C-reactive protein (CRP; OR = 1.022, 95% CI = 1.003–1.041, p = 0.022) were significant independent risk factors for drainage treatment. The optimal cut-off for IVF cycles and pre-treatment CRP for patients receiving drainage treatment were 2 and 40.3 mg/L, respectively. Conclusions: Patients with endometriosis had more severe PID outcomes after TVOR, requiring more attention during treatment. Early drainage treatment is recommended for patients with pre-treatment CRP levels higher than 40.3 mg/L, puncture cyst during TVOR, and those receiving more than 2 IVF cycles.
The Role of Circulating Biomarkers in the Early Detection of Recurrent Colorectal Cancer Following Resection of Liver Metastases
Authors: Pericleous Stephanos , Bhogal Ricky H. , Mavroeidis Vasileios K.
Published: June 2022

On a global scale, colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer and despite progress in early diagnosis and treatment has the third highest mortality. Patients with oligometastatic disease to the liver may be suitable for liver resection with a curative intent. A sustained progress in perioperative management and surgical techniques, including staged liver resections, has increased the number of patients who may be offered hepatectomy. It is well recognised that early detection of any tumour, including recurrence, leads to a timely initiation of treatment with improved outcomes. Tumour biomarkers have long been desired in the search for a tool to aid cancer diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up. Currently, the only widely used biomarker for CRC, Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), has multiple limitations, clearly illustrating the need for novel biomarkers. It is therefore unsurprising that much research has focused on identifying such markers with the literature being swamped with new and promising biomarkers. The aim of this study is to review the current status and role of circulating biomarkers in patients post hepatectomy for colorectal cancer metastasis including alternative cancer antigens to CEA, extracellular vesicles, circulating microRNA, circulating tumour cells and circulating tumour DNA.
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis as a Contemporary Biomarker of Obesity in Adults with Marfan- or Loeys-Dietz-Syndrome
Authors: Freilinger Sebastian , Suleiman Mathieu N. , Bischoff Gert , Ewert Peter , Freiberger Annika , Huntgeburth Michael , Kaemmerer Ann-Sophie , Schopen Judith , Meierhofer Christian , Nagdyman Nicole , Kaemmerer Harald , Weyand Michael , Harig Frank
Published: June 2022

Background: It is clinically widely overlooked that many patients with Marfan- (MFS) or Loeys-Dietz-Syndrome (LDS) are obese. While anthropometric routine parameters are not very suitable, the modern Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) seems superior for the acquisition of reliable noninvasive assessment of body composition of patients. The aim of the study was to assess the body composition of patients with MFS/LDS by BIA in order to detect occult obesity, which may be a risk marker for aortic or vascular complications. Methods: In this exploratory cross-sectional study, 50 patients (66% female; mean age: 37.7 ± 11.7 [range: 17–64] years) with a molecular genetic (n = 45; 90%) or clinical (n = 5; 10%) proven diagnosis of MFS or LDS were enrolled between June 2020 and February 2022. All BIA-measurements were performed with the Multifrequence-Impedance-Analyzer Nutriguard-MS (Data Input, Poecking, Germany). Results: The MFS/LDS collective was significantly different from an age-, sex-, and BMI-adjusted control in terms of body fat, percent cellularity, body cell mass, extra cellular mass/body cell mass index, and phase angle (all p < 0.05). The mean BIA-measured bodyfat was 31.7 ± 8.7% [range: 9.5–53.5%], while the mean calculated BMI of the included patients was 23.0 ± 4.8 kg/m2 [range: 15.2–41.9 kg/m2]. Therefore, using the obesity cut-off values for the body fat percentage of 25% in men and 35% in women, the BIA classifies as many as 28 patients (56.0%) as obese. In contrast only 12 patients (24.0%) were pre-obese, respectively 3 (6.0%) obese by BMI. The significant difference (p < 0.001) had an accordance of 42.7%. Overall, 15 patients (13 MFS; 2 LDS) had previous aortic surgery (n = 14) and/or interventional treatment (n = 2) for aortic complications (aneurysm, aortic dissection). 11 out of these 15 (73.3%) were currently classified as obese by BIA. Conclusions: The fact that many patients with MFS or LDS are obese is widely unknown, although obesity may be associated with impaired vascular endothelial function and an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. Also, in patients with MFS/LDS, BIA allows a reliable assessment of the body composition beyond the normal anthropometric parameters, such as BMI. In the future, BIA-data possibly may be of particular importance for the assessment of the vascular risk of MFS/LDS patients, besides the aortic diameters.
Can functional leg length changes be easily measured in patients with acute low back pain after gentle muscle treatment of the erector spinae muscle? A secondary analysis study.
Authors: Brandl Andreas , Schmidt Tobias
Published: June 2022

Background: Recent work has examined an association between functional leg length discrepancy (fLLD) and acute low back pain (aLBP). Myofascial release (MFR) techniques are thought to be frequently applied in the treatment of aLBP. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a practical and low-cost measure of fLLD.Methods: A total of 83 subjects with aLBP and fLLD greater than 3 mm who underwent an MFR technique on the thoracolumbar fascia were included. In group 1 (12 subjects from a pilot study), fLLD was measured using a cross line laser (CLL), and group 2 (71 subjects from an RCT) was measured using video raster stereography (VRS) and matched with group 1 in terms of sex, age, and body mass index.Results: CLL showed an almost perfect agreement with VRS (ICC = 0.88) and required little time and resources. Participants agreed to CLL with high acceptability.Conclusions: Some recommendations for urgent needed future studies were provided. The CLL measurement of fLLD is applica-ble for monitoring treatment effects and also an affordable tool for most of manual therapy practices.
On Social Norms and Observability in (Dis)honest Behavior
Authors: Huber Christoph , Litsios Christos , Nieper Annika S. , Promann Timo
Published: June 2022

Transparency and observability have been shown to foster ethical decision-making as people tend to comply with an underlying norm for honesty. However, in situations implying a social norm for dishonesty, this might be different. In a die-rolling experiment, we investigate whether observability can also have detrimental effects. We thus introduce a norm nudge toward honesty or dishonesty and make participants' decisions observable and open to the judgement of other participants in order to manipulate the observability of people's decisions as well as the underlying social norm. We find that a nudge toward honesty indeed increases the level of honesty, suggesting that such a norm nudge can successfully induce behavioral change. Our introduction of social image concerns via observability, however, does not affect honesty and does not interact with our norm nudge.
MARKETING MIX PADA PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Alimuddin Irhamni , Ifhadiyanti Nurul , sulfitry
Published: June 2022

Syariah marketing adalah sebuah disiplin bisnis strategis yang mengarahkan proses pencitraan, penawaran, dan perubahan value dari suatu inisiator kepada stakeholders nya, yang dalam seluruh prosesnya sesuai dengan akad dan prinsip-prinsip muamalah dalam Islam. Sepanjang hal tersebut dapat dijamin dan penyimpangan prinsip-prinsip muamalah islami tidak terjadi dalam suatu transaksi atau dalam prosses suatu bisnis, maka bentuk transaksi apapun dalam pemasaran dibolehkan.
A reflection on the survival strategies of creatures
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Hoang
Published: June 2022

For butterflies and mots, their survival strategies lie on the hindwing tails which are evolving. For humans, we are evolving partly thanks to serendipity, “an ability to notice, evaluate, and take advantage of unexpected information for survival purposes (both natural and social)”, as serendipitous moments tend to appear at the moment when we need solutions/innovations to survive.
konsep dan teori uang dalam perspektif islam
Authors: amaliyah zahra
Published: June 2022

Dalam ekonomi islam ,secara etimologi uang berasal dari kata al-naqdu-nuqud.Pengertiannya ada beberapa makna,yaitu al-naqdu yang berarti yang baik dari dirham,menggenggam dirham,dan al-naqdu juga berarti tunai.Kata nuqud tidak terdapat dalam al-qur’an dan hadist karena bangsa arab umumnya tidak menggunakan nuqud untuk menunjukkan harga.Mereka menggunakan kata dinar untuk menunjukkan mata uang yang terbuat dari emas dan kata dirham untuk menunjukkan alat tukar yang terbuat dari perak.
Mengidentifikasi Segmen Pasar dan Memilih Pasar Sasaran
Authors: Amaliah Nur Indah
Published: June 2022

Memenuhi tugas individu mata kuliah manajemen pemasaran
Resume kelompok 11_HABIBAH IBRAHIM KASIM
Authors: kasim Habibah ibrahim
Published: June 2022

Ilmu ekonomi islam ini telah muncul pada tahun 1970-an, tetapi pemikiran mengenai ekonomi islam telah muncul pada masa Nabi Muhammad SAW. Ekonomi islam ini muncul bersamaan dengan diturunkannya Al-Qur’an serta masa kehidupan Rasulullah pada abad 6M sampai abad 7M. Pada masa kepemimpinan Rasulullah SAW, tepatnya pada periode Madinah, perekonomian islam telah terbangun walaupun konsepnya masih terbilang sangat sederhana, tetapi beliau telah mampu menujukkan bahwa prinsip-prinsip yang mendasar bagi pengelolaan ekonomi, Praktik ekonomi islam pada masa Rasulullah dan Khulafa urrasyidin sertatab menunjukkan adanya peranan pasar yang sangat besar. Rasulullah SAW sangat menghargai harga yang dibentuk oleh mekanisme pasar sebagai harga yang adil. Harga yang adil dapat tercipta dipasar bila adanya moralitas, kejujuran, keterbukaan dan keadilan Pada abad ketujuh, Rasulullah pertama kali memperkenalkan konsep baru pada dibidang keuangan. Semua hasil penghimpunan negara harus dikumpulakan terlebih dahulu dan kemudian dikeluarkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan negara. Tempat pusat pengumpulan dana disebut dengan Bai almal. Pada masa pemerintahan Rasulullah SAW, bai al mal terletak di Masjid Nabawi yang ketika itu digunakan sebagai kantor pusat negara yang sekaligus berfung sebagai tempat tinnggal Rasulullah SAW. Asal mula lembaga Baitul Mal yang telah di cetuskan dan difungsikan oleh Rasulullah SAW.
MAKALAH KOPERASI DAN UMKM SEBAGAI BASIS EKONOMI RAKYAT
Authors: putri Aulia ananda
Published: June 2022

Sejak pertama kali diperkenalkan kepada masyarakat Indonesia, badan usaha koperasi telah mampu membantu masyarakat dalam meningkatkan kemampuan ekonominya melalui kegiatan-kegiatan usaha koperasi. Prinsip usaha dan karakter koperasi yang berbeda dengan badan usaha lainnya membuat badan usaha ini disenangi oleh masyarakat Indonesia yang melaksanakan seluruh kegiatan perekonomiannya berdasarkan sistem ekonomi kerakyatan. Sistem ekonomi kerakyatan yang ada di Indonesia ini memang secara umum sangat cocok dengan badan usaha yang berbentuk koperasi. Keduanya sama-sama menganut asas kekeluargaan dan mengedepankan prinsip gotong-royong. Koperasi sendiri di Indonesia pertama kali diperkenalkan oleh R. Aria Wiriatmadja di Purwokerto, Jawa Tengah pada tahun 1896. Dia mendirikan koperasi kredit dengan tujuan membantu rakyatnya yang terjerat hutang dengan rentenir. Koperasi tersebut lalu berkembang pesat dan akhirnya ditiru oleh Boedi Utomo. Pada perkembangan selanjutnya, wakil Presiden Republik Indonesia yang pertama, Moh. Hatta menjadi salah satu tokoh nasional yang dengan gigih mendukung kehadiran koperasi di Indonesia. Hal inilah yang menjadikannya sebagai Bapak Koperasi Indonesia. 1 Secara resmi gerakan koperasi sendiri di Indonesia baru lahir pada tanggal 12 Juli 1947 pada Kongres I di Tasikmalaya yang pada akhirnya dijadikan sebagai Hari Koperasi Indonesia. (Supriyanto, 2007)
Eating Disorders: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Management
Authors: agarwal shekhar
Published: June 2022

Eating disorders, which are well-known in society as a significant mental health issue, have beencategorized as feeding and eating disorders in DSM-5 and the 11th version of ICD. In addition toanorexia and bulimia nervosa, the new categorization incorporates binge eating disorder as well asavoidant-restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). They are regarded significant conditions withsubstantial morbidity and mortality risks that disproportionately impact the young group. Accordingto current studies, there is an upsurge in both age and sex demographics. A variety of genetic andphysiological variables, an insecure personality type, impulsive tendencies, dysfunctional emotionmanagement, and society's ideal of slimness have all been linked to the development of thesediseases. Throughout the psychotherapeutic therapies for all forms of eating disorders, a dualapproach with a focus on the symptom and the underlying issues is required. It is critical to evaluatecomorbid psychiatric and medical symptoms. With reference to the increased categories, furtherresearch and novel treatment approaches are required.
KEBIJAKAN MONETER PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: amaliyah zahra
Published: June 2022

Kebijakan Moneter adalah kebijakan pemerintah untuk memperbaiki keadaan perekonomian melalui pengaturan jumlah uang beredar. Untuk mengatasi krisis ekonomi yang hingga kini masih terus berlangsung, disamping harus menata sektor riil, yang tidak kalah penting adalah meluruskan kembali sejumlah kekeliruan pandangan di seputar masalah uang. Definisi lain juga menyebutkan bahwa kebijakan moneter adalah proses mengatur persediaan uang sebuah negara. Biasanya otoritas moneter dipegang oleh bank sentral suatu negara.
DEFINISI, KRITERIA DAN KONSEP UMKM
Authors: Widiyanti
Published: June 2022

UMKM didefinisikan berdasarkan kriteria dan ciri yang dapat berupa jumlah tenaga kerja yang dipergunakan, jumlah kapital dan omzet dari kegiatan yang dihasilkan, serta dapat pula didefinisikan berdasarkan karakteristik UMKM, seperti skala usaha, teknologi yang digunakan, organisasi dan manajemen, orientasi pasar, dan Iain sebagainya.
KONSEP DAN TEORI UANG DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Gebhy
Published: June 2022

Konsep uang dalam ekonomi islam berbeda dengan konsep uang dalam ekonomi konvensional. Dalam ekonomi islam, konsep uang sangat jelas dan tegas bahwa uang adalah uang, uang bukan capital.Sebaliknya, konsep uang yang dikemukakan dalam ekonomi konvensional tidak jelas. Sering kali istilah uang dalam perspektif ekonomi konvensional diartikan secara bolak-balik (interchangeability), yaitu uang sebagai uang dan uang sebagai capital.
Neural Dynamics of Nature Empathy in Children: An EEG/ERP study
Authors: Sahni Pooja , Rajyaguru Chirag Hareshkumar , Narain Karan , Meidenbauer Kimberly Lewis , Kumar Jyoti , Schonert-Reichl Kimberly
Published: June 2022

This paper investigates empathic concern for nature using the EEG/ERP method. The assessment of empathic concern for nature is of much utility as it could give us greater insights into conservation behaviors. Research studies investigating the development of empathy in young children inform us about the interplay of affective and cognitive aspects while perceiving other people in distress and its relation with prosocial behaviors. However, it is not clear how the brain responds while perceiving nature in distress. Nor are the developmental dynamics of empathic concern for nature concretely known. In this study, eighty three healthy children, 5-12 years (Mean age = 7.65 years and SD = 2.50 years, 35 girls) participated. Analysis of the differences in neural processing when perceiving images of nature in distress and no-distress showed a significant main effect of stimulus type. There was a significant difference in the mean amplitudes of early and late ERP components for distress versus no-distress, with distress eliciting a pronounced neural response. There were also significant interaction effects of laterality and age with stimulus type. Correlation analysis of differences in early and late components with age suggests shifting dynamics of empathy for nature from affective arousal to cognitive appraisal. In its novel attempt, this study provides neurophysiological support for the development of empathy for nature during childhood.
Spectrum of paediatric surgical cases and their outcome in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Maharjan Anu , Kansakar Prerana , Giri Niraj , Sharma Chalise Shiva Prasad , KC Samyukta , Pradhan Saroj Babu , Tuladhar Sucharita , Paudyal Sanjaya
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Paediatric surgical cases has been operated by general surgeon due to lack of paediatric surgeons. Complex cases in neonates and infants is being referred to other centres with paediatric surgical services. This study aims to compare the spectrum of paediatric surgical cases and their outcome before and after availability of paediatric surgeon.

Method: This is the Retrospective study conducted at Patan Academy of Health Sciences over a period of 4 years. Group 1 included surgeries during 1st 2 y before and Group 2 during 2nd 2 y period after the availability of paediatric surgeon. Ethical approval was obtained. Patient age, sex, diagnosis, operative procedure, type of surgery and outcome data were collected from operative theater register and patients file from medical record section. Data analysis was done using SPSS 16.

Result: Among 1157 cases, 369 cases were in group 1 and 788 in group 2. Male to female ratio was 2.8:1. Laparotomy 270(23.2%) was the most performed inpatient surgery and hernitomy 221(19.1%) in day care. There was total 52(4.5%) neonates, 2(4%) in group 1 and 50(96%) neonates in group 2. Among total cases mortality rate was 8(0.7%) in group 2, due to preterm birth, delayed presentation and septicemia.

Conclusion: Lower GI tract and skin and soft tissue were most common system involved. Laparotomy and incision and drainage were most performed surgery before and after availability of paediatric surgeon. There was 96% increment in neonatal cases (50 v/s 2) after availability of paediatric surgeon. Mortality was 8(0.7%) in group-2 due to delayed presentation and septicemia.
Ocular pathology in patients referred to ophthalmology outpatient clinic at tertiary care hospital with headache
Authors: Sharma Ranjana , Aryal Dipsikha , Jha Mukesh Kumar
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Headache has multi-factorial causes; many primary or secondary headache disorders have ocular manifestations and benefit from the systematic ocular examination. Physicians at the point of the first contact should therefore be familiar with common ocular pathologies associated with a headache for appropriate referral.

Method: This hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Ophthalmology Department of Patan Hospital. All patients with headache as primary symptom and were referred to an ophthalmology clinic for ocular evaluation by other departments were included. The study was done for 15 mo and 354 patients were evaluated for the cause of headache. Findings and diagnoses of consenting participants were recorded and analyzed.

Result: All enrolled patients completed all the study procedures and were analyzed. The majority 61% were in 14-40 years. Homemaker was commonly affected 30.2% followed by students 25.4%. Any form of ocular pathology was detected in 76 % of patients. The majority of patients had no refractive errors (67.8%). Although any form of refractive error was more common in the presbyopia age group there was no statistically significant difference between different age groups. Most patients were orthophoric and only 11% of patients had vergence insufficiency. Among the ocular pathology dry eye, glaucoma suspects were more common.

Conclusion: This study supports the ocular morbidities and headache symptoms are linked very frequently. Good ocular history is needed for appropriate patient referral to a specialist. Correction of a minor degree of refractive error and lubricating eye drop may relieve worrisome headaches for many patients.
Hospital supply of a polymeric enteral nutrition formula amongst inpatients at Patan Hospital, Nepal
Authors: Sharma Bishnu Prasad , Kim Vicki Leanne , Zimmerman Deirdre
Published: June 2022

Introduction: A retrospective quantitative descriptive study was undertaken to describe the provision of a standard polymeric nutritional supplement produced at Patan Hospital, Nepal, with the aim of assisting efforts to improve the nutritional care of malnourished patients.

Method: All adult inpatients (18 years and above) who commenced this nutritional supplement between December 2017 and August 2019 were included. Data was collected from a register and descriptive analysis done. The use across specialty areas, patient weights, duration of use, main feeding route, main volume recommended and main reasons for cessation were among the characteristics described.

Result: Total 894 record of the patients were analysed. Awareness-raising activities and launch of a modified supplement recipe, saw prescriptions increase from 13.3 to 47.4 patients per month. The general medical ward and medical intensive care unit initiated the greatest numbers of prescriptions (n=312, n=251 respectively). The nutritional supplement was most commonly prescribed as a 500 ml oral supplement.  The average length of prescription was 9.8 d and the main reasons for ceasing was discharge (n=479) and patient expiry (n=158). Weight was recorded in 38% of patients (n=340) and mean weight was 50.5 kg. The average age of the study population was 57.8 y.

Conclusion: For improving the nutritional care of malnourished patients, awareness raising activities appeared helpful in increasing prescriptions for the nutritional supplement. However, the use of the nutritional supplement remained low and practices varied significantly between wards.
Appropriate citation and accuracy of references: read full text before citing
Authors: Shah Jay
Published: June 2022

Reference accuracy is important for good science. Cited references must be verifiable and accessible to the readers, reviewers, and editors. When the source cannot be found, it raises question of the quality of the manuscript, and also undermine the credibility of the journal (and editors). Almost all the domains of peer-reviewed medical journal literature report errors in referencing and citations which affect indexing, abstracting, and publication metrics. Citation is properly referring to information presented by others’ and provides authenticity to own work by directing readers to the sources.
The mechanical heart valve TTK Chitra is inexpensive and of proven effectiveness (widely used in India and then in Nepal)
Authors: Kumar Vasanth , Yadav Umesh , Kumar Awan , Vijaylakhsmi -
Published: June 2022

TTK Chitra heart valve prosthesis (chvp), a tilting disc mechanical heart valve of low cost and proven efficacy, has been in use for the last 15 years in India. Although various studies substantiating its long-term safety and efficacy are available but is less commonly used in Nepal. The TTK Chitra heart valve has been developed and widely used in India.
Relation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with coronary artery disease severity in patients undergoing coronary angiography
Authors: Nepal Bikash , GHimire Jeet P. , Karki Biplave , Mahaseth Aditya , Uranw Surendra , Pandey Naveen Kumar , Shah Prashant , Upadhyaya Paricha , Karki Prahlad
Published: June 2022

Background and Aims: Inflammation plays important role in atherosclerosis. Recently, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR) has emerged as new inflammatory marker in  identification  of coronary artery disease(CAD). We aimed to evaluate correlation of NLR with CAD severity and propose suitable cut-off NLR for predicting CAD.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 147 patients undergoing coronary angiography for angina with ischemic ECG changes. CAD severity was assessed by SYNTAX score and categorized into low, intermediate and high SYNTAX group. Neutrophil and lymphocyte count determined by BeneSphera analyser and NLR was calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation test and logistic regression analysis.

Results: In 147 patients [mean age 61.27±12.87year (25-86 years);68% male],NLR ranged from 1.0 to 9.66[median 2.53(1.96-3.73 IQR), mean 3.21±1.86].The NLR (mean ± SD) in low, intermediate and high SYNTAX group were 2.35±1.27, 3.04±1.54l, 4.72±2.07 respectively (p<0.0001).High SYNTAX group more frequently had diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoker, alcohol consumer, were older , and had significantly high neutrophil count, NLR values and low lymphocyte count. In univariate analysis, diabetes mellitus, NLR, neutrophil and lymphocyte count were predictors of high SYNTAX score. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, NLR >3[OR=17.36, 95% CI 6.7-44.5, p=0.001] was identified as independent predictor of high SYNTAX score. In ROC analysis, NLR ≥ 1.785 was best suitable cut-off to identify presence of CAD with sensitivity of 97.4% and specificity of 83.3%.

Conclusion: NLR correlated positively with presence and severity of CAD as assessed by SYNTAX score
Clinical profile and management of prosthetic valve thrombosis in Tertiary cardiac Centre of Nepal, a prospective study
Authors: Manandhar Reeju , Prajapati Dipanker , Tamrakar Rikesh , Bogati Amrit , Roka Madhu , Sherpa Kunjang , Shrestha Shipra , Bhandari Shreya , Chaudhary Taanya , Yadav Sunil , Adhikari Chandra Mani
Published: June 2022

Background and Aims:  Prosthetic valve thrombosis is a life- threatening complication of post-valve replacement surgeries. A number of patients present with thrombotic complications mainly due to poor anticoagulation status with irregular INR checkup especially from remote areas of Nepal. Our aim was to study the clinical profile and management of prosthetic valve thrombosis in our center.
Methods: A prospective observational study of 45 patients (July 2017 – Jun 2019) admitted at Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, with the diagnosis of prosthetic valve thrombosis were studied. The demographic profile, clinical parameters and in hospital and 1 year outcome were analyzed.
Results: Out of 45 patients, majority were female (60%) with the age 11-67 years with mean age of 34.9 ± 6.7. Twenty nine patients (64.4%) presented with sub-therapeutic INR value at admission. 46.7% patient had atrial fibrillation at the time of presentation. 88% patients presented within one week of onset of symptoms with shortness of breath being primary complaint, present in 95.6% of the patients. Forty two (86.9%) were thrombolysed with streptokinase while 3 patients underwent surgery. Valve thrombosis was most common at the mitral position 39(87%) patients. In hospital mortality was 13.3% and there were no major bleeding events or new stroke noted.
Conclusion: Majority of patients with prosthetic valve thrombosis presented with a sub-therapeutic INR value and poor patients' compliance. Thrombolysis is a useful option in the management of prosthetic valve thrombosis patients especially in countries like Nepal.
ROTOR SPEED OBSERVER OF ASYNCHRONOUS GATE CASCADE
Authors: Klyuyev O. , Sadovoi O. , Sokhina Y.
Published: June 2022

The vector control system of an asynchronous motor, which is closed in terms of the rotor speed, assumes the presence of a sensor on the shaft of the electric machine. However, in practice, often there are problems of regulating the speed of rotation of asynchronous electric drives, in the solution of which the use of mechanical movement coordinate sensors is technically irrational or impossible. In this case, it is necessary to use one of the sensorless vector control algorithms, which involve direct measurement of only electrical quantities. In rotor vector control systems, when the stator is connected to the network at the same time, the need to measure the angle of rotation of the rotor relative to the stator is added, which complicates the structure of the observer.

            For the synthesis of speed observers in asynchronous electric drives, the approach known in control theory is widely used, in which, based on the second Lyapunov method, an adaptation function is formed that provides asymptotic convergence of the adaptive model to the reference one.

            In this paper, the synthesis of the rotor speed observer of an asynchronous gate cascade (AGC) was carried out for its application in a sensorless relay-vector control system. Equations of electromagnetic processes in an asynchronous machine, formulas for coordinate transformations and an identifier for the position angle of the rotor AGC were used as initial mathematical models. The observer synthesis is based on the second Lyapunov method, which allows to determine the structure of the adaptation function, which adjusts the adaptive model in such a way that the difference between the outputs of the adaptive and reference models tends to zero. Thus, the adaptation function, which uses the stator flux vector, ensures the asymptotic stability of the perturbed motion. The proposed speed observer AGC differs from the known observers for stator control in that, along with the speed calculation, the trigonometric functions of the rotor rotation angle are determined, and the structure of the observer includes coordinate transducers that are absent in stator vector control systems, since they do not need to calculate the projections of the voltage vector of one part of the machine onto the orthogonal axes of its other part.