bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatty acid composition, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activity of Niger seed (Guizotia abyssinica) accessions collected from major producer areas of Ethiopia
Authors: Makuria Megersa Chali , Dubale Amare Aregahegn , Atlabachew Minaleshewa , Yayinie Marie
Published: January 2025

Background

Oils from various sources are vital nutritional components with a variety of roles in our body. Niger seed (Guzoita abyssinica) is endemic to Ethiopia and is among the major oil seed crops grown in the country. The fatty acid composition and the concentration of other bioactive phytochemicals in it vary with species type, geographical origin, cultivation season, and varietal types. The present work investigated the fatty acid profile and the total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity (AA) of Niger seed samples obtained from five different zones in the Amhara and Oromia regions of Ethiopia. using internationally accepted standard methods.

Results

In all the samples, its main unsaturated acids were linoleic acid, ranging between 67.30 and 74.67% with respect to the relative percentage comprising 179 to 234 mg/g in terms of concentration; oleic acid constitutes between 5.43 and 11.02% of the total fatty acid or 1.03 and 1.60 mg/g of dry matter. Among saturated acids, it was the most abundant palmitic acid, ranging between 10.32 and 10.66% of the entire fatty acids comprising 24.80 to 37.10 mg/g. Amongst the zones, the seed from Amhara region, specifically from North Gondar has been the richest regarding a total of 347.74 mg/g. In addition, the total phenolic content ranged between 10.89 and 11.78 mg GAE/g, whereas the content of total flavonoids ranged from 5.42 to 6.67 mg CE/g. Aqueous methanol (80%) extracted more phenolic content than absolute methanol. On a regional basis, the Amhara region, represented by the North Gondar and East Gojjam zones of the study area, had relatively higher TPC and TFC than other regions. The DPPH scavenging assay IC50 value (μg/mL) ranged between 133–188 μg/mL and poorly correlated with TPC.

Conclusion

Among the different fatty acids obtained, four of them, linoleic, oleic, palmitic, and stearic acids, are the major ones, followed by a significant amount of phenolic compounds irrespective of the variety of the studied samples and sampling of locations. The study also confirmed that TPC and TFC are not the only phytochemicals responsible for the antioxidant activity of the niger sees, as was reflected by the poor correlation between TPC and AA activity. Hence these findings indicate that the seeds of Niger could be an important source of essential fatty acids and medicinally important phytochemicals important for nutritional health improvement and agricultural development in Ethiopia.
Para o estudo da alimentação no século XVIII: O agasalho dos Prelados no decurso das visitas pastorais
Authors: Oliveira Ricardo Pessa de
Published: January 2025

O exercício das visitas pastorais envolveu a deslocação de comitivas, em alguns casos relativamente extensas. Para sustento e agasalho do séquito foram instituídos tributos. O presente artigo pretende estudar e analisar as procurações recebidas pelos prelados aquando da visita pastoral, partindo do princípio que tal investigação poderá contribuir para a história da alimentação desta elite. Pretendendo verificar mudanças ou uniformidades, o estudo compara procurações havidas nos bispados de Coimbra e da Guarda.
Castas Donas: Cónegas Regrantes de Santo Agostinho em Portugal no período medieval
Authors: Gomes Saul António
Published: January 2025

Este artigo corresponde a uma investigação inicial e em aberto, a partir de dados inéditos, sobre a realidade histórica respeitante à geografia de implantação e ao recrutamento de mulheres religiosas das clausuras de cónegas regrantes de Santo Agostinho, em Portugal, durante a Idade Média. Esta é uma matéria muito pouco aprofundada na historiografia pertinente - mau grado tratar-se de um movimento cenobítico consolidado, no território português, sobretudo ao longo do século XII, anterior, pois, ao triunfo das propostas femininas de Cister ou das Ordens Mendicantes - geralmente subsumida, tanto quanto justificada, pela ausência de fontes documentais primárias que a elucidem. Depois de se expor o estado da arte relativamente à bibliografia e historiografia sobre movimentos monásticos femininos no Portugal medievo, passa-se à elucidação geral do modelo espiritual e institucional canonical regrante feminino, para, de seguida, se entrar numa proposta de exploração e valorização de um tipo privilegiado de informação arquivística - os obituários de canónicas regrantes - para a elucidação das comunidades de sorores de regra agostiniana no país.
Coisas de princesas: casamentos, dotes e enxovais na família real portuguesa (1480-1580)
Authors: Sá Isabel dos Guimarães
Published: January 2025

Num período marcado pela transição da Idade Média para o período moderno, analisam-se as transferências de riqueza operadas pelos casamentos de princesas da casa real portuguesa, no sentido de compreender as respectivas escalas e composições, tentando precisar o valor dos enxovais no conjunto dos dotes. Num primeiro momento, constata-se que, verificando-se uma troca frequente de noivas entre as coroas espanhola e portuguesa, os dotes pagos por esta última são comparativamente bastante mais elevados. Em seguida, estudam-se os enxovais propriamente ditos, no que toca aos hábitos de consumo que evidenciam, e à forma como seriam usados nos aposentos de princesas e rainhas. O estudo evidenciou uma burocratização crescente da gestão dos enxovais, a introdução de objectos próprios do período moderno, muitos deles orientais, bem como o aumento das preocupações com os cuidados do corpo. Todavia, sugere-se a ausência de indicadores de uma emergência do privado na vida destas princesas e rainhas, que, pelo contrário, foram objecto de crescente vigilância.
D. João III e D. Miguel da Silva, bispo de Viseu: novas razões para um ódio velho
Authors: Buescu Ana Isabel
Published: January 2025

No Verão de 1540, D. Miguel da Silva (c. 1480-1556), escrivão da puridade de D. João III e bispo de Viseu, abandonou a cidade de Viseu, fugindo para Itália, de onde nunca regressou e onde veio a morrer em 1556. A versão fixada pela cronística e veiculada, quase ne varietur, pela historiografia, é de que a causa do ódio que D. João III veio a conceber por D. Miguel da Silva, a fuga deste para Itália e a perseguição que o monarca lhe moveu até à sua morte em Roma teria sido, em exclusivo e numa relação causal, a ascensão ao cardinalato, em 1539, à revelia da autoridade régia. Em nosso entender, este acontecimento deverá, antes, ser visto no âmbito de um conjunto complexo de razões em que o cardinalato tem, é certo, um papel de destaque, mas não exclusivo. Revisitar-se-á, pois, esta excepcional figura para avaliar e compreender, a uma nova luz, um dos mais perturbadores momentos do reinado de D. João III, que teve como protagonista D. Miguel da Silva, bispo de Viseu.
A difícil luta pela sobrevivência: a Misericórdia de Vila Viçosa durante a Monarquia Constitucional
Authors: Araújo Maria Marta Lobo de
Published: January 2025

O nosso trabalho procura analisar o desempenho da Misericórdia de Vila Viçosa durante a Monarquia Constitucional, demonstrando o estado de penúria em que esta confraria se encontrava e a luta por si travada pela sobrevivência. Com receitas minguadas, mas sobretudo com cobranças muito difíceis e despesas em crescimento, principalmente no sector da saúde, a Misericórdia foi obrigada a efectuar cortes em vários sectores da sua actividade, concentrando a sua atenção no hospital, não conseguindo evitar, todavia, as ameaças de encerramento em diversas ocasiões. A conjuntura política nacional e o seu reflexo no quotidiano da instituição contribuíram também para agudizar a instabilidade em que a instituição se encontrava. A Misericórdia sobreviveu, mas teve de desenvolver uma luta feroz para se manter em actividade.
Entre Lisbonne et Jérusalem: La poliorcétique au cours des quatre premieres croisades (1097-1204)
Authors: Monteiro João Gouveia
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho, originalmente apresentado (em versão abreviada) como lição de síntese a Provas de Agregação prestadas na Universidade de Coimbra em Novembro de 2005, sendo arguente o Professor Gérard Dédéyan (Universidade Paul Valéry, Montpellier III), ocupa-se das operações de cerco levadas a cabo pelos exércitos cruzados entre finais do século XI e inícios do século XIII. São considerados 10 casos, localizados na Península Ibérica, no Bósforo e no Mediterrâneo Oriental: Niceia - 1097-1098, Antioquia - 1097-1098, Marra - 1098, Arca - 1099, Jerusalém - 1099, Lisboa - 1147, Silves- 1189, Zara - 1202 e Constantinopla - 1203 e 1204. O artigo analisa essencialmente todos os procedimentos técnicos utilizados pelos exércitos cruzados da época em apreço para sitiar e capturar uma praça, desde a fase de instalação do cerco até aos acordos de rendição. A sua ampla cronologia, assim como a diversidade geográfica do respectivo enfoque, permitem-lhe extrair, no final, algumas conclusões quanto à evolução das técnicas utilizadas e às diferenças mais importantes entre os procedimentos adoptados a nascente e a poente.
A Laicidade do Estado em Portugal
Authors: Neto Vítor
Published: January 2025

O processo de laicização do Estado foi longo e não se pode cingir à mera publicação da lei de Afonso Costa que separou o política da religião em 20 de Abril de 1911. O Estado católico começou a ser contestado nas últimas décadas do século XIX por republicanos, socialistas e anarquistas que pugnavam pela neutralidade do poder político em matéria de religião. Após a implantação da República assistiu-se a um movimento de laicização semelhante, em certa medida, ao que ocorreu em França. Tal encontrou uma forte resistência do episcopado, da maioria do baixo clero e da Santa Sé. Durante a vigência do Estado Novo, não obstante a recuperação de privilégios pela Igreja católica, O Estado permeneceu laico. Contudo, em virtude da posição de notoriedade da Igreja designa-se a situação como um catolaicismo. No regime democrático, a laicidade do Estado foi reforçada pela Constituição da República, pela lei de liberdade religiosa e pela nova Concordata.
Rota das trilhas
Authors: Queiroz Matheus Ceolin Marques de , Conceição Ariane Fernandes da , Matoso Aline de Oliveira , Faria Luci Aparecida Souza Borges
Published: January 2025

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo mapear e analisar rotas de trilhas para ciclistas, turistas e agricultores familiares da região do Pontal do Triângulo, em especial o município de Iturama/MG, possibilitando gerar desenvolvimento para a região, principalmente para pequenos produtores. Para essa atividade, buscou-se realizar um diagnóstico da região, catalogando pontos chave e possíveis novos pontos comerciais (artesanato, alimentação, atividades de lazer e outras diversas) para a criação e implementação de rotas de trilhas rurais, a fim de proporcionar um fortalecimento tanto do turismo rural, quanto da ação comunitária em prol do desenvolvimento rural. As ações foram realizadas por meio de visitas às possíveis rotas que poderão ser institucionalizadas, em parceria com a Prefeitura Municipal via Secretaria de Turismo. Parte-se do princípio que este trabalho colabore com o processo de desenvolvimento da região, atuando junto aos agricultores e suas famílias, turistas e sociedade como um todo, proporcionando novas formas de lazer e atividades na região, colaborando de forma efetiva com a revitalização histórica, cultural e patrimonial, além de aprimorar os conceitos de cidadania, meio ambiente e, sobretudo incentivar o desenvolvimento local.
Thornthwaite Moisture Index for the Triângulo Mineiro, Brazilian Cerrado Region, Under Climate Change
Authors: Fischer Filho João Alberto , Rosa Giovani Bonício , Vieira Julia Cristina Amâncio , Fuzzo Daniela Fernanda da Silva
Published: January 2025

Climate change represents one of the main challenges of the 21st century for planning and sustainable development. However, little is known about how climate change can affect a region's climate zones. The objective was to evaluate probable changes in climatic zones using the Thornthwaite climate classification (1948). Historical series between 1981 and 2021 of rainfall and air temperature were used. The water balance was calculated from Thornthwaite and Mather. Thornthwaite's humidity index (1948) was used to classify localities according to their level of humidity and the scenarios RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0 and RCP 8.5 to analyze projections for the 21st century (period 2081–2100). The current characterization, with historical data, of the region's climate presented air temperature, rainfall and average potential evapotranspiration, respectively, of 22.4ºC, 1,318.8 mm and 1,123.74 mm, in addition to a water surplus of 391.04 mm and water deficit of 195.04 mm. The region currently has five climate indices, with a prevalence of more humid classes (B1, B2 and B3), corresponding to 62% of the territory. The results derived from the projections indicate reductions in climate classes and an increase in the area occupied by drier climates. For example, the percentage of area occupied by class C1 (dry subhumid) would increase from the current 8.4% to 69.68% in the RCP 8.5 scenario. The study of these change projections is important since profound consequences for the hydrology, ecology and social area of the region will take place, potentially harming agriculture, the region's main economic activity.
SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN NUSANTARA CAPITAL CITY: LEGAL PERSPECTIVES AND BEST PRACTICES
Authors: Ardani Mira Novana , Yusriyadi Yusriyadi , Silviana Ana
Published: January 2025

The establishment of Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN), Indonesia’s future capital, introduces both challenges and opportunities for sustainable environmental management. Effective spatial planning is essential to balance developmental needs with ecological conservation. This study examines how spatial planning principles can be integrated within IKN’s environmental management framework, addressing key legal issues related to infrastructure development, environmental preservation, and the social and economic impacts of spatial policies. Through a normative legal research methodology, incorporating statutory and conceptual approaches, this paper assesses relevant laws, regulations, and environmental planning practices applicable to IKN. The findings highlight the importance of comprehensive spatial planning, robust legal enforcement, and continuous monitoring for long-term sustainability. The study argues that embedding spatial planning in policy-making is critical to mitigating environmental impacts, strengthening community resilience, and supporting sustainable development goals for Nusantara Capital City.
RESTORING CUSTOMARY FOREST RIGHTS THROUGH AGRARIAN REFORM: CASE STUDY OF THE KAMPAR COMMUNITY, INDONESIA
Authors: Fikri Mhd Zakiul
Published: January 2025

Approximately three-quarters of Kampar Regency is designated as state forest, despite the historical presence of indigenous communities for generations. Accordingly, this study examines on analyzing the framework for restoring the customary forest rights of these through agrarian reform, emphasizing social forestry. Employing a socio-legal research method, the study combines textual analysis of legal frameworks and case studies of Kampar's indigenous communities. The research examines two key issues: (1) the presence of indigenous communities and the concept of customary forest utilization in Kampar Regency, and (2) the importance of restoring indigenous communities’ rights to forests through social forestry initiatives. The findings reveal that indigenous communities in Kampar Regency maintain a strong connection to their ancestral heritage, viewing customary forest as inalienable heritage. The restoration of indigenous communities’ rights to these forest territories is considered essential. Social forestry is identified as a critical component of agrarian reform in Indonesia, with existing regulatory frameworks explicitly acknowledging indigenous communities as beneficiaries. Several areas of customary forest in Kampar Regency have also been identified as having potential for designation through social forestry programs.
IHYA' AL-MAWAT'S RESISTANCE TO LAND LEGAL POLICY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Abidin Abidin , Suryanto Tulus , Aslam Mohd Mizan
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to map and examine the manifestations, contributing elements, and ramifications of iḥyā' al-mawāt opposition to Indonesian land laws. Utilizing a qualitative-objectivity approach, the findings from material and interviews are positioned. The research results show that there has been iḥyā' al-mawāt resistance to land law policies in Indonesia due to prohibitions on use, management and ownership even though the goals are the same, namely community welfare and legal certainty over land. The factors causing resistance are based on the desire to prosper the earth, increase welfare, legal certainty, and resolve land legal relations with others. Open resistance was carried out in the form of demonstrations against state land control. Offering and enforcing the concept of iḥyā' al-mawāt continually, expressing irritation and curses in one's heart without showing it to others, and crying in private are all examples of closed resistance. Clever revenge plotting is another way that closed resistance is demonstrated. The action of iḥyā' al-mawāt resistance that must be taken against land law policy in Indonesia is the granting of rights to use and even own ownership of land resulting from the community's iḥyā' al-mawāt in a professional.
Unveiling the Romance Scam Scheme: Psychological Manipulation and Its Impact on Victims
Authors: Yosiandra Syakira Yuniar , Sakariah Dewi Saraswati
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the schemes used by Romance Scam perpetrators to manipulate victims, which ultimately leads to psychological and financial impacts on the victims. The analysis applies the Dramaturgy concept and Psychological Manipulation theory, which are relevant in understanding the interaction patterns between perpetrators and victims. This research is a literature review, with data collected from secondary sources, including Japanese online news portals such as Ameblo and Newspostseven, as well as social media platforms like Instagram. The Dramaturgy concept is used to explain identity falsification and the avoidance of direct communication by the perpetrators, while the Psychological Manipulation theory is applied to examine exaggerated expressions of love and requests for money by the perpetrators. These schemes significantly impact victims both psychologically and financially, often leaving long-lasting effects on their mental well-being and economic stability, indicating the extent of significant psychological and financial impacts on the victims. This research is to enrich the literature on cybercrime in Japan, particularly focusing on the emotional and relational aspects in the context of fraud.
PILIHAN TANPA PILIHAN: KOLOM KOSONG DAN PERLINDUNGAN HAM DALAM PEMILUKADA CALON TUNGGAL
Authors: Hartina St , Affandi Hernadi
Published: January 2025

Kolom kosong dipandang sebagai solusi agar Pemilukada tetap dapat dilaksanakan meskipun hanya terdapat satu pasangan calon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pemberian hak dipilih kepada kolom kosong dalam pelaksanaan Pemilukada serta implikasinya terhadap tata kelola pemerintahan daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan hukum dan peraturan perundang-undangan terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan kolom kosong sebagai kompetitor dalam Pemilukada muncul akibat tidak terpenuhinya persyaratan minimal dua pasangan calon. Pemberian hak dipilih kepada kolom kosong sebagai solusi alternatif dalam situasi pasangan calon tunggal dinilai tidak tepat. Pemerintah seharusnya merancang solusi lain untuk mencegah terjadinya pasangan calon tunggal dalam Pemilukada. Selain itu, pemberian hak dipilih kepada kolom kosong berpotensi menimbulkan permasalahan baru dalam pengelolaan pemerintahan daerah, khususnya terkait efektivitas kepemimpinan oleh pejabat kepala daerah.
KOMUTASI PIDANA MATI KEJAHATAN NARKOTIKA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA
Authors: Yulianti Wahyu Erni
Published: January 2025

Komutasi pidana penjara seumur hidup kasus Merri Utami melalui grasi oleh Presiden mendorong harapan adanya komutasi pidana mati bagi kasus Mary Jane. Kesamaan latar belakang sosial, ekonomi dan terindikasi menjadi korban perdagangan perempuan dalam jaringan peredaran narkotika sepatutnya menjadi perhatian dalam penegakan hukum. Pidana mati dan latar belakang keduanya memicu isu penegakan HAM berbasis gender. Berdasarkan analisis, tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa belum adanya parameter yang jelas dalam penjatuhan pidana mati kejahatan narkotika. Penjatuhan pidana mati pada keduanya dinilai terlalu berlebihan dan tidak berkeadilan gender. Aparat penegak hukum belum memahami konsep keadilan berbasis gender dalam fair trial khususnya terhadap kaum rentan. Perlu adanya reformasi kebijakan terkait hukuman pidana mati kejahatan narkotika yang melibatkan perempuan dan kaum rentan.
Phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from the leaves of Peganum harmala L. in southern Algeria.
Authors: Ghillace Abderrahmane , Chouitah Ourida , Kiari Fatima Zohra , Fergoug Zineb , Daikh Zineeddine
Published: January 2025

Medicinal plants have a wide use in traditional medicine. For this our study aims to valorize medicinal and aromatic plants of the Algerian flora, for this reason we determined the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of  Peganum harmala in two different southern regions. Phytochemical screening reveals the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, terpenoids and steroids and the absence of anthraquinons. The essential oil of P.harmala leaves was analyzed by GC-MS. The results revealed the presence of 55 and 47 compounds with a yield of 0.217 % and 0.211 %. These essential oils contain the same major components for Bougtob region Carvone (21.15%), Phytol (17.41%), Carbamic acid (3.52%), Lauric acid (2.10%), and Thymol (1.77%) and Tetrapentacontane (1.32%). For the region of Mechria, Phytol (10.24%), Carvone (5.92 %), Tetrapentacontane (2.80%), Phytone (2.18%), Butylated Hydroxytoluene (1.48%), Lauric acid (1.39%). The essential oils which were tested showed variable degrees of antimicrobial activity. In general, Gram-positive bacteria and fungus were found to be more sensitive to the essential oils than Gram-negative bacteria.
First records of two slug species, Limax conemenosi (O. Boettger, 1882) and Limax dacampi (Menegazzi, 1855) (Gastropoda: Limacidae) in Slovenia
Authors: Kastelic Maj , Rexhepi Behare
Published: January 2025

In Slovenia, 27 species of slugs have been confirmed so far. Distributional data for two species from the genus Limax new for the country are presented herewith. Limax conemenosi was found for the first time in Slovenia at Nova Gora near Krško, whereas Limax dacampi was first recorded in the village of Osp and recently in the village of Abitanti. Species identities were assessed on the basis of external morphological features and diagnostic DNA sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I. Subsequently, the new number of slug species confirmed in Slovenia is 29.
Historical consultants in the CEE video game industry. Part 1: good and bad practices
Authors: Mochocki Michał , Kot Yaraslau
Published: January 2025

This is the second paper from the Historical Consultancy for Games project run by Games Research Association of Poland with grant funding from Centre for the Development of Creative Industries in Poland. It is based on an online survey among 16 professionals, who worked on video games either as historical consultants, or as developers who collaborated with historical consultants. Due to the regional focus on Central and Eastern Europe, the survey includes respondents who worked for game studios in Poland, Czechia, Slovakia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Serbia. This paper collects and comments on opinions on the strong and weak points of histgameconsulting, as well as on examples of good and bad practices reported from the interviewees’ own experiences or noticed on the market.
Rola i miejsce kształcenia konsultanta historycznego branży gier na studiach wyższych — perspektywa praktyczna
Authors: Pigulak Marcin , Gdaniec Ewelina , Wasiak Patryk
Published: January 2025

Artykuł przygotowano w ramach projektu Polskiego Towarzystwa Badania Gier pt. „Konsulting historyczny gier – rozpoznanie potrzeb i stworzenie rozwiązań dla rozwoju nowej specjalizacji kreatywnej”. Celem tekstu jest omówienie założeń dotyczących roli konsultanta historycznego w procesie tworzenia gier o tematyce historycznej. Interdyscyplinarny zespół na podstawie badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych wśród twórców gier cyfrowych i niekomputerowych z Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej i Południowej wyselekcjonował, a następnie scharakteryzował kluczowe kompetencje oraz umiejętności wymagane od konsultantów w sektorze game development. Opracowane wytyczne mają na celu wsparcie tworzenia programów nauczania na uczelniach, które przygotują historyków do pełnienia roli konsultantów w branży gier.
Historical Game Consulting: A Modular Syllabus
Authors: Gdaniec Ewelina , Wasiak Patryk , Janicki Arkadiusz , Możejko Beata , Świętosławski Witold , Odorowicz Bartosz
Published: January 2025

This is the sixth in a series of articles created as part of the project titled Historical Consultancy for Games by the Games Research Association of Poland, funded by a grant from CRPK. Building on previous articles, it presents a modular course syllabus for history students, designed to develop competencies useful in game consulting. The modular approach means that, rather than a single unified program, there is a collection of autonomous several-week blocks from which various configurations of topics and tools can be selected. These modules cover working with visual, textual, and numerical materials, gathering information through fieldwork, as well as working with project documentation.
On spectrum of Sombor matrix and Sombor energy of graphs
Authors: Pirzada Shariefuddin , Rather Bilal Ahmad , Das Kinkar Chandra , Shang Yilun , Gutman Ivan
Published: January 2025

The Sombor index (

SO

{\mathrm{SO}}

) is a recently introduced
degree-based graph invariant, defined as the sum over all pairs of
adjacent vertices

u
,
v

{u,v}

of the term

d
u
2

+

d
v
2

{\sqrt{{d_{u}^{2}+d_{v}^{2}}}}

, where

d
u

{d_{u}}

and

d
v

{d_{v}}

denote the degrees of vertices u and v, respectively. The matrix associated with

SO

{\mathrm{SO}}

is the Sombor matrix, and its spectrum is the Sombor spectrum.
In this paper, the connected graphs having exactly two and exactly three Sombor eigenvalues are characterized. Bounds are obtained for the spectral radius and energy of the Sombor matrix, and the corresponding extremal graphs are determined. In addition, the Sombor spectra of several families of graphs are calculated.
On the angular partial sums
Authors: Gogoladze Larry , Vekua Ekaterine
Published: January 2025

In the paper, some approximation properties of angular partial sums are established.
W-distance based ϕ-coupled fixed point problem: Solution, well-posedness and applications to integral and functional equations
Authors: Roy Subhadip , Choudhury Binayak S. , Saha Parbati
Published: January 2025

In this paper we solve a fixed point problem formulated through a combination of three different contemporary trends in fixed point theory, namely, φ-fixed point results, coupled fixed point results and the use of w-distances. We have cited examples to illustrate our main theorem and to demonstrate how our theorem generalizes some known theorems and augments the domain of applicability of our result to a larger family of functions compared to these previous results. Well-posedness property of the problem is established. In a separate section we discuss two different applications of our result to problems of integral equations and functional equations.
Stochastic data-driven Bouligand–Landweber method for solving non-smooth inverse problems
Authors: Bajpai Harshit , Mittal Gaurav , Giri Ankik Kumar
Published: January 2025

In this study, we present and analyze a novel variant of the stochastic gradient descent method, referred as Stochastic data-driven Bouligand–Landweber iteration tailored for addressing the system of non-smooth ill-posed inverse problems. Our method incorporates the utilization of training data, using a bounded linear operator, which guides the iterative procedure. At each iteration step, the method randomly chooses one equation from the nonlinear system with data-driven term. When dealing with the precise or exact data, it has been established that mean square iteration error converges to zero. However, when confronted with the noisy data, we employ our approach in conjunction with a predefined stopping criterion, which we refer to as an a priori stopping rule.
We provide a comprehensive theoretical foundation, establishing convergence and stability for this scheme within the realm of infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. These theoretical underpinnings are further bolstered by a numerical experiment on a system of linearly ill-posed problems and by discussing an example that fulfills the assumptions of the paper.
Expanding the genotypic spectrum of 3β-hydroxy-δ5-C27-steroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B7) deficiency: novel mutations and clinical outcomes
Authors: Yoldaş Çelik Merve , Köşeci Burcu , Burgaç Ezgi , Garip Sevinç , Varol Fatma Ilknur , Güngör Şükrü , Taskin Didem Gulcu , Yararbaş Kanay
Published: January 2025

Objectives

HSD3B7 deficiency is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the HSD3B7 gene, leading to impaired bile acid synthesis and the accumulation of toxic intermediates. Affected patients typically present with cholestatic liver disease, including jaundice and progressive liver dysfunction.

Case presentation

This case series describes three pediatric patients from two families diagnosed with HSD3B7 deficiency, each demonstrating varying clinical severity and outcomes. All cases exhibited cholestasis with normal GGT levels and elevated AST/ALT. Case 1, a male infant, also presented with craniosynostosis and failure to thrive, responding well to cholic acid therapy. Case 2, a female infant and first cousin of Case 1, had mild cardiac abnormalities and showed slight improvement with ursodeoxycholic acid and vitamin supplementation. Case 3, a male infant with a compound HSD3B7 and ATP8B1 mutation, progressed to fulminant liver failure, ultimately requiring a liver transplant. A novel c.531 + 1G>C variant was identified in Cases 1 and 2, contributing to understanding genotype–phenotype correlations in bile acid synthesis disorders.

Conclusions

Early diagnosis and treatment with bile acid therapy are crucial for improving outcomes, although some cases may necessitate liver transplantation. This series emphasizes the need to consider bile acid synthesis disorders in the differential diagnosis of cholestasis.
Bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfane revisited: (ClH4C2)2S⋯S(C2H4Cl) dimers by S⋯S interaction in the solid state
Authors: Kraus Florian , Graubner Tim , Buchner Magnus R. , Metzulat Manfred , Karttunen Antti J.
Published: January 2025

We synthesized bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfane, S(C2H4Cl)2, and showed its purity by various analytic methods. Its previously unknown crystal structure shows a peculiar intermolecular S⋯S interaction leading to (ClH4C2)2S⋯S(C2H4Cl)2 dimers. The S⋯S interaction could also be reproduced and investigated by quantum chemical calculations. As the C–C bonds have been observed unexpectedly short in the range from 1.505(2) to 1.509(2) Å, the chemical bonds within S(C2H4Cl)2 have also been investigated quantum chemically. Intrinsic bonding orbitals (IBOs) showed that while the C–Cl bond is slightly polarized, the C–C and C–S bonds appear purely covalent, as expected. The electron density between the respective two C atoms is decreased by the attached Cl atom so that the two C atoms move closer to each other. High-resolution low-temperature Raman spectra of solid S(C2H4Cl)2 are presented, and the bands are assigned with the aid of quantum chemical solid-state calculations.
Structural studies of (2R,3R)-(+)-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane and (R)-(+)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl
Authors: Ling Irene , Sobolev Alexandre N. , Skelton Brian W. , Raston Colin L.
Published: January 2025

The crystal structures of two chiral phosphanes, ((R,R)-chiraphos = (2R,3R)-(+)-2,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane and R-Tol-BINAP = (R)-(+)-2,2′-bis(di-p-tolylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl) are unambiguously determined by X-ray crystallography and reported for the first time. The aim is to understand the structural characteristics and their chiral arrangement of the molecules. The (R,R)-chiraphos structure was solved in the orthorhombic space group P212121 while R-Tol-BINAP was solved in the triclinic space group P1. This set of compounds demonstrates attractive intramolecular phenyl ring interactions involving two terminal phenyl rings in (R,R)-chiraphos, while a terminal tolyl ring and the central binaphthyl ring occurs in R-Tol-BINAP. The crystal structure analyses also revealed that all aromatic units have close C–H⋯arylcentroid weak contacts forming continuous networks of columns and layers in (R,R)-chiraphos and R-Tol-BINAP respectively.
The ligand polyhedral model and its application to the structures and fluxional behaviour of the metal carbonyls
Authors: Johnson Brian F. G.
Published: January 2025

The structures of the cluster carbonyls and the dynamic behaviour they show is explained in terms of the Ligand Polyhedral Model.
The hare and the hedgehog – Similar thermal expansion of argento- and aurophilic contacts for different reasons
Authors: Monkowius Uwe , Jachs née Kriechbaum Margit , Redhammer Günther , Berger Raphael F.J.
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the thermal expansion properties of argentophilic and aurophilic contacts in coordination complexes of the form [(
iPrNHC)2Ag]ClO4 and [(
iPrNHC)2Au]ClO4. Using X-ray crystallography distinct structural changes and phase transitions at varying temperatures are revealed. Both complexes exhibit a similar strong temperature dependence of the metallophilic distances. Analysis shows that the shallower, more anharmonic aurophilic interaction is counterbalanced by the smaller vibrational amplitude of the heavier gold atoms, resulting in comparable thermal elongation despite differing atomic dynamics.
Atomic migration and phase transformation processes in dental amalgams over 27 years, monitored by X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction
Authors: Hoch Constantin
Published: January 2025

The identification of those intermetallic phases which constitute the complex multi-phase system of dental amalgams is rather contradictory in literature. This is intriguing, as the production processes of dental amalgams are standardized since a long time. The reason for the divergence on reported amalgam phases may be due to changes within the microstructure of dental amalgams occurring over time. With a combination of X-ray powder diffraction, Rietveld refinements and X-ray spectroscopy, we were able to show the differences in chemical phases and morphologies between a freshly prepared and a 27-year old dental amalgam sample. Atomic diffusion processes within the amalgam lead to transformation of initially formed intermetallic phases and to dissolution of phases present in the prealloyed metals which react with Hg to the dental amalgam. The main amalgam phases, Ag1+x
Hg1−x
and Ag2Hg3, remain stable but change in their relative concentrations: the first increases over time, while the latter decreases. The content of Cu6Sn5 as the third important constituent phase decreases over the years and concentrates in hollow spherical particles. The fourth phase is an fcc Ag–Cu mixed crystal which is only present in the freshly prepared amalgam and dissolves over the years. The silver amalgams form a matrix in which spherical Ag–Cu particles are embedded. Cu atoms migrate from within these particles towards their surface, react to η′ bronze and are substituted by Hg atoms, whereas the Ag atoms show virtually no mobility.
Retombées de la mise en place d’une structure d’accompagnement parental sur les pratiques de littératie familiale auprès d’enfants ayant un retard global du développement
Authors: Beaulieu Judith , Ruberto Noémia , Veilleux Josianne
Published: January 2025

Le retard global du développement (RGD) réfère à un développement significativement plus lent que la moyenne dans deux domaines du développement de l’enfant. Pour les enfants, notamment ceux ayant un RGD, une collaboration préventive et structurée avec leur famille favorise l’émergence de l’écrit. Cet article examine les retombées d’un accompagnement parental de dix semaines, axé sur la lecture parent-enfant, sur les pratiques de littératie familiale d’enfants ayant un RGD. L’étude utilise le questionnaire de Bérubé et al. (2019) sur les pratiques de littératie familiale. La discussion brosse un portrait de l’évolution des pratiques de littératie familiale de ces familles.
Effets de la lecture à haute voix par le parent sur le développement du vocabulaire réceptif d’enfants de 3 et 4 ans ayant un retard global du développement
Authors: Veilleux Josianne , Beaulieu Judith , Ruberto Noémia
Published: January 2025

Les effets de l’accompagnement parental en littératie, notamment sur le développement du vocabulaire des enfants de 3 et 4 ans présentant un retard de développement global (RGD), sont peu documentés. Pourtant, il est crucial d’approfondir ces connaissances, car une intervention précoce en littératie permettrait de lutter contre les inégalités (Tazouti et al., 2020), en plus de favoriser la réussite éducative et éventuellement la participation sociale. Cet article vise à décrire les effets de la lecture à haute voix par les parents sur le développement du vocabulaire réceptif de leur enfant ayant un RGD.
Former et impliquer les parents afin de soutenir l’émergence de l’écrit de leur enfant à l’éducation préscolaire cinq ans
Authors: Boudreau Monica , Beaudoin Isabelle , Mélançon Julie , Hébert Marie-Hélène
Published: January 2025

Cet article présente les principaux résultats ayant émergé de l’expérience de parents d’enfants de maternelle 5 ans d’un groupe expérimental (GE, n = 85) et d’un groupe témoin (GT, n = 85) qui ont participé à un programme de littératie familiale composé de quatre ateliers et de 21 trousses littéraires. L'article s'attarde aux données issues d’un questionnaire autodéclaré auquel ont répondu les parents des deux groupes (avant et après le projet) portant sur leurs pratiques de littératie. Les résultats suggèrent un effet positif du programme sur la qualité des interventions des parents du GE liées à l’environnement physique et interactif, dont celles réalisées lors de la lecture à haute voix.
La mise en œuvre d’une médiathèque : quand une église devient un centre de littératie communautaire
Authors: Ouellet Sébastien
Published: January 2025

La recherche réalisée porte sur un enjeu vécu dans plusieurs régions rurales en matière de littératie et de culture. Dans de petites collectivités éloignées des grands centres urbains et affectées par plusieurs facteurs de dévitalisation, la littératie communautaire et la culture sont appelées à jouer un rôle fondamental par le biais de la mise en œuvre d’infrastructures. En ce sens, notre recherche-intervention a accompagné un comité de citoyens lors de la transformation d’une église en médiathèque. Ainsi, notre recherche vise à documenter cette démarche d’innovation sociale par la réalisation d’un centre de littératie communautaire.
Alliance université-communauté : l’impact du tutorat en littératie auprès de jeunes du primaire sur le développement professionnel d’étudiantes en formation initiale en enseignement
Authors: G-Héon Audrey , Thuot-Jolicoeur Aurélie , Gagné Christophe , Turcotte Catherine
Published: January 2025

La collaboration entre des universitaires et des organismes communautaires favorise l'équité en éducation, transcendant les limites de la classe (Takeuchi et al., 2019). Cette recherche explore le développement professionnel d’étudiantes en enseignement grâce à un partenariat université-communauté axé sur l'enseignement de la littératie auprès d’élèves du primaire à Montréal. Les résultats montrent le potentiel du tutorat pour renforcer les compétences des étudiantes-tutrices en planification, en mise en œuvre et en évaluation lors de situations d’enseignement-apprentissage, soulignant ainsi l'importance de ce partenariat pour la formation des futures personnes enseignantes.
Full Circle: Useful Animation and the Geography of Petroleum Extraction
Authors: Cook Malcolm
Published: January 2025

This article examines animated films produced in Britain for oil companies in the mid-twentieth century and their representation of, and contribution to, the international and transnational geography of petroleum extraction. Within these films, the graphic basis of hand-drawn animation meant it was often used to display and propel into motion cartographic and diagrammatic representations derived from a range of disciplinary and intermedial contexts, which served to navigate and construct spatial and power relationships around oil industries. A case study of the film Full Circle, released in 1953 by British Petroleum, demonstrates these characteristics but also documents the specific postcolonial context of the nationalization of oil in Iran in this period. Production materials for Full Circle held at the BP Archive provide a unique insight into the way this animated film changed during these events and how it became a central tool for oil company and government deliberation on their relationship with Iran and other oil-rich states. As such, this article recognizes the importance of animation at the intersection of three fields of study: environmental and energy humanities; useful cinema; and animated documentary. It argues that studying the entwined history of the animation and oil industries can help us to understand the role of media in our dependence on fossil fuels, and the present-day climate crisis resulting from this dependence.
“Photography versus the Pest”: Shell Chemicals, Visual Media, and Pesticides in Postwar Britain
Authors: Long Max
Published: January 2025

This article explores the intersections between industrial agriculture, mass media, and extraction. Examining color photographs and films produced by the oil and chemicals corporation Royal Dutch Shell, it shows how visual media helped to normalize the use of petroleum-derived pesticides in Britain in the years after the Second World War. Films and photographs created by the Shell Photographic Unit and the Shell Film Unit “naturalized” the company’s marketing of pesticide products, helping farmers to visualize their insect and fungi “enemies” while eliding or obscuring the long-term environmental and social risks that these chemicals posed. The material basis of these brightly colored films and photographs was itself entangled with the chemical revolution as they entered a global distribution market that was a product of the twentieth century’s fossil fuel culture. These images help us to make sense of the threads linking industrial agriculture, extraction, and corporate sponsorship precisely at the time when petroleum and its chemical by-products were changing the world beyond recognition.
From Wind Turbines to Energy Islands: Wind as Model Power in Denmark
Authors: Wong May Ee
Published: January 2025

This article explains how the fluctuating, ever-changing elemental entity of wind is constructed as a stable renewable energy resource through a global wind energy infrastructural model promoted by the Danish wind energy industry. Examining Denmark’s project to build the world’s first “Energy Islands,” or offshore wind energy hubs, the article accounts for how wind is shaped into “energy” as a media environment, just as wind as medium and milieu shapes the infrastructural forms of wind power. The article thinks through wind with the elemental orientations of “matter,” “molecule,” “milieu,” and “medium,” as well as the mediated conditions of its legibility, to explicate the global wind infrastructural model as a multimodal elemental media assemblage. Wind’s ontological qualities as an infrastructural medium are transduced through apparatuses of environmental data, such as graphical “island” figures and models of landscape featured on promotional websites, wind turbine test sites, and wind atlases that are constructed with numerical data and statistical models. The article argues that the metonymic visibility and invisibility of wind energy infrastructural components enable the territorialization as well as deterritorialization of wind through the strategic projection and displacement of spatial boundaries and geographical situatedness. This extends the infrastructural scope of wind power across various scales, which also contributes to a milieu of geopolitical and economic speculation. Although wind energy is projected as a stable resource, it should be described as a speculative milieu of long-term projections, intermittent changes, and sudden crises, which renders the “Green Transition” an uncertain landscape of environmental futures.
“Indonesia, Rubber, and Modern Techniques: Goodyear’s Conquering the Jungle (1939)”
Authors: Siregar Harifa
Published: January 2025

In the late nineteenth century, rubber became a precious commodity. Many companies were looking for opportunities to satisfy the market demand by investing in rubber plantations established mainly in colonized lands. In 1916, the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, headquartered in the US in Akron, Ohio, acquired 20,000 acres in Dolok Merangir, Deli area, East Sumatra, Dutch East Indies (the region is now part of North Sumatra province, Indonesia), by concession of the Dutch East Indies and the local ruler of the Deli Sultanate. In 1929, Goodyear developed another plantation called Wingfoot, south of the original site, which would soon become the largest rubber plantation in the world. Competing with other companies, Goodyear invested in making their plantation prosperous and profitable. They established a rubber laboratory to explore the latest techniques to cultivate the best crop, extract the finest latex, vulcanize top-quality rubber sheets, and efficiently ship the crude material to their main factory in the United States. The corporation shaped local communities and environments to sustain their economic interests in extracting rubber. Goodyear’s initiatives were recorded in Conquering the Jungle, a ten-minute educational ethnographic documentary produced in 1920, and subsequently remade in 1939, as a joint venture between the company’s motion pictures division and the Educational and Industrial departments of Universal Films. The two films document the land’s transformation into an industrial and extractive zone. My paper draws on archival research related to Goodyear’s operations, the Dutch East Indies colony, and modern Indonesia. Through a close comparison of both versions of the film separated by nearly two decades, I explore how the techniques of rubbering, extracting latex, and vulcanizing raw materials transformed a tropical rainforest into a space of profitable extraction for the U.S.-based corporation. In so doing, I trace cinema’s role in the long legacy of reconstructing a tropical forest as a space of extraction that continues to blight Indonesia’s present.