bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Branch-and-Price Algorithm Enhanced by Decision Diagrams for the Kidney Exchange Problem
Authors: Riascos-Álvarez Lizeth C. , Bodur Merve , Aleman Dionne M.
Published: October 2023

Problem definition: Kidney paired donation programs allow patients registered with an incompatible donor to receive a suitable kidney from another donor, as long as the latter’s co-registered patient, if any, also receives a kidney from a different donor. The kidney exchange problem (KEP) aims to find an optimal collection of kidney exchanges taking the form of cycles and chains. Methodology/results: We develop the first decomposition method that is able to consider long cycles and long chains for projected large realistic instances. Particularly, we propose a branch-and-price framework in which the pricing problems are solved (for the first time in packing problems in a digraph) through multivalued decision diagrams. We present a new upper bound on the optimal value of the KEP, obtained via our master problem. Computational experiments show superior performance of our method over the state of the art by optimally solving almost all instances in the PrefLib library for multiple cycle and chain lengths. Managerial implications: Our algorithm also allows the prioritization of the solution composition, for example, chains over cycles or vice versa, and we conclude, similar to previous findings, that chains benefit the overall matching efficiency and highly sensitized patients.

Funding: This work was supported by NSERC Discovery Grant (RGPIN-2021-02609).

Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0192 .
Pemanfaatan Greenhouse sebagai Wahana Edukasi di Desa Kebontunggul Kecamatan Gondang Kabupaten Mojokerto
Authors: Nurhidayati Tutik , Shovitri Maya , Kuswytasari Nengah Dwianita , Zulaika Enny , Alami Nur Hidayatul , Luqman Arif , Ermavitalini Dini , Purwani Kristanti Indah , Muslihatin Wirdatul , Farid Imam Wahyudi , Priananda Ciptian Weried , Fatmawati Sri
Published: October 2023

Salah satu desa yang memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai desa wisata adalah desa Kebontunggul Kecamatan Gondang Kabupaten Mojokerto. Desa tersebut memiliki banyak potensi desa wisata yang strategis. Disisi lain ada keinginan untuk melakukan kegiatan pertanian berbasis teknologi dalam skala greenhouse untuk mendukung usaha wisata di Desa Kebontunggul. Adanya potensi dan keingginan untuk maju tersebut maka langkah pertama yang dilakukan dalam pengabdian masyarakat adalah pembuatan greenhouse sebagai sarana untuk pengembangan teknologi IoT. Selain itu adanya greenhouse di desa menjadi salah satu pengembangan desa dengan ikon terbaru berupa wisata edukasi. Hasil survei kebermanfaatan greenhouse menunjukkan bahwa greenhouse bermanfaat bagi masyarakat Kebontunggul untuk wahana wisata yang menarik banyak wisatawan.
Okul Yöneticilerinin Davranışlarının Hegemonik Erkeklik ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: UĞUR Merve , AYDOĞDU Elif
Published: October 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı erkek okul yöneticilerinin toplumsal cinsiyete ve hegemonik erkekliğe yükledikleri anlamları keşfetmek, bu bakış açılarının ailede, sosyal yaşamda ve okul yaşantısında yansımalarını açığa çıkartmaktır. Bu nitel çalışmada fenomenolojik araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın örneklemini 23 erkek müdür ve müdür yardımcısı oluşturmuştur. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ile toplanan veriler içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular ışığında erkek yöneticilerin toplumsal cinsiyete ve hegemonik erkekliğe dayalı algılarının oluşumunda aile yaşantılarının, içinde bulundukları çevrenin, sosyoekonomik durumun rol oynadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Okul yöneticilerinin söz konusu toplumsal cinsiyete dair değerlerinin, liderlik niteliklerine yönelik görüşlerine dayanan görev seçimlerini ve okul üyelerine yönelik iş bölümü, karar alma gibi yönetsel süreçlerinde sergiledikleri davranışlarını şekillendirdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda ailelere, öğretmenlere ve yöneticilere toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin farkındalık sağlayacak eğitimleri verilmesi, bu farkındalığı değerlendirecek araştırma desenlerinin tasarlanması ve araştırma örneklemlerinin doğu - batı, taşra - metropol, ulusal - uluslararası gibi çeşitlendirilerek kültürlerarası karşılaştırmalar yapabilecek şekilde seçilmesi gibi öneriler sunulmuştur.
Understanding food web structure in high-elevation streams of the Teton Range
Authors: Tronstad Lusha M. , Hotaling Scott , Jorgenson Karen , Price Taylor , Weld Shannon , Collins Sarah , Hamilton Trinity , Bixby Rebecca J. , Finn Debra S.
Published: October 2023

Climate change is dramatically altering high-elevation streams around the world through the recession of glaciers and other meltwater sources. Rapidly changing hydrological regimes imperil entire communities of mountain stream biodiversity. We have monitored high-elevation streams in the Teton Range since 2015, with a specific focus on understanding how hydrological source variation affects the susceptibility of downstream communities, and the stoneflies Zapada glacier and Lednia tetonica, to climate-induced impacts. We monitor streams fed by three sources – glaciers, snowfields, and subterranean ice (primarily rock glaciers). Streams fed by subterranean ice – “icy seeps” – are predicted to persist on the landscape longer than their surface counterparts due to the inherent thermal buffering of their source ice provided by debris cover. We hypothesize that icy seep communities will be buffered against climate-induced environmental changes and will act as key refugia for cold-adapted communities. In late 2019, the conservation implications of our work were escalated by the listing of one of the key species we study, the stonefly Zapada glacier, under the US Endangered Species Act due to climate-induced habitat loss. In 2020, our first objective was to collect a 6th year of continuous data for core sites and continue investigating longer term signals in the data. For our second objective, we addressed another large gap in contemporary knowledge of high-elevation stream ecology: food web structure. Despite imminent threats to biodiversity in headwater streams, little is known of the basic quantity and quality of basal resources in mountain streams, how these resources vary with stream type, and linkages between feeding groups. Additionally, little is known about the diet or trophic position of Zapada glacier. We will use an array of modern approaches, including stable isotopes and nutrient content analyses, to generate a high-resolution view of food web structure in the high Teton Range. Our results will inform management in the Teton Range while also shedding new light on a standing challenge in mountain stream ecology worldwide.
 
Featured photo by Bonnie Robinson, taken from the UW-NPS photo collection.
Bottom of the Ninth: Bases Loaded
Authors: Menocal María Rosa
Published: October 2023

Abstract: This article, in which Menocal interrogates the place of kharjas in Spanish literature, is a response to the larger debates about the "canon" that were raging in the US as part of the culture wars of the 1980s. Menocal argues that the kharjas and the muwashshaḥāt should be included in the canons of Spanish and European literature.
The Medieval Holdings of the Hispanic Society of America
Authors: Burshatin Israel
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Israel Burshatin discusses the past efforts to catalogue the manuscripts of the Hispanic Seminary of America, highlighting some important legal works held by the institution such as Diego de Varela's Doctrinal de príncipes, Jacobo de las Leyes's Libro de Derecho, and a copy of Alfonso X's first Partida.
The Medieval Holdings of the Hispanic Society of America: A Brief History and Update
Authors: O'Neill John
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Founded in 1904 by American scholar, philanthropist and collector, Archer M. Huntington, The Hispanic Society of America was established on the premise of a passion and curiosity for Hispanic and Latin American art, cultures and history. The Department of Manuscripts and Rare Books houses approximately 15,000 books printed before 1701 (250 of which are incunables), 16,000 books printed between 1701–1830, and roughly 200,000 manuscripts, letters, and documents. Although the bulk of the collection was formed by Huntington in the early 1900s, the Society has never ceased to expand its collections in all areas. It remains true to its founder's aims, as stated in the founding deed: "a library, museum and educational institution, free entry, open to the public, containing objects of artistic, historical and literary value and interest," whose objective would be "The promotion of the study of the language, literature and history of Spain and Portugal and other countries where Spanish and Portuguese are spoken."
Vor hundert Jahren: Coudenhove-Kalergis Pan-Europa —der Traum von einer demokratischen Weltmacht als Friedensstifter
Authors: Lützeler Paul Michael
Published: October 2023

abstract: In 1922 Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi placed similar articles about a future unified European Democracy in leading newspapers: the Berlin Vossische Zeitung and the Viennese Neue Freie Presse . One year later he published the book Pan-Europa in which he addressed again the cultural, political, economic, monetary, and peace-keeping advantages of a United Europe as one of the world powers. Coudenhove-Kalergi started the first European unification movement, and after 1945 Pan-Europa still inspired the founding fathers of the new European institutions. The book deserves a new reading in times of continental military conflicts. In one regard the author failed miserably: He was a colonialist and did not understand the anti-colonial movements that had already started.
Tanizaki Jun'ichirō, the Kyoto School, and the Twenty-first Century Transparency Society
Authors: Gardiner Michael
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Although Tanizaki Jun'ichirō's literary essay In'ei raisan (In praise of shadows) (1933) now sometimes receives serious attention, it is still often dismissed as nostalgic—missing the significance of Tanizaki's ontology of the shadow for our information-saturated era, with its conformist tendencies to block out all negativity. This essay relocates In'ei raisan within two historical contexts: first, the Kyoto School, including Kyoto's negotiation with Martin Heidegger, and a wider attempt to overhaul the empiricist, property-driven hardwiring of progress derived from the British empire; second, the recently burgeoning field of 'critical transparency studies', for which the promise of perfectly clear representation risks a bureaucratic authoritarianism absorbing all agency. To a remarkable degree, the diagnosis by twenty-first century critical transparency studies of a narcissistic, technocratic addiction to positivity is already there in Tanizaki's shadows. These shadows deserve reconsideration for their potential to derail our condition of 'stuckness' in a progress defined by an empiricist instrumentalization of the world.
Remembering the Holocaust in the Anthropocene
Authors: Brackney Kathryn L.
Published: October 2023

Abstract: This paper explores how the "environmental turn" for the last 25 years has been shaping remembrance of the destruction of Europe's Jewish populations. I argue that climate change is not just one more catastrophe to pass into the broad analogical field of the Holocaust. In fact, international Holocaust consciousness and understandings of what we now call the Anthropocene have long been intertwined and mutually constitutive. The paper starts in the 1990s with acclaimed writers Anne Michaels and W.G. Sebald, who sought to recast the Holocaust's significance to modernity against a long backdrop of geologic time. Their memorial fiction, which grounds the history of the Holocaust in the eroding landscapes of Europe, reflects a growing and urgent global concern for the vulnerability of the environment and a sense of man's responsibility for preserving human and biological life. The paper then moves through more contemporary examples of the sublimation of Holocaust memory in discourse about global warming—evident in terms like "climate change denial" and calls to "bear witness" to mass extinction events. For better or worse, journalists and scholars who write about environmental activism frequently call on memory of World War II and genocide in order to redefine what constitutes "grievable life." Example authors include historian Timothy Snyder, who has predicted that climate change may lead to new genocidal wars over Lebensraum ; scientist James Lovelock, who has urged nation states to consider how to limit the coming influx of climate refugees; theorist Bruno Latour, who has argued, via Nazi philosopher Carl Schmitt, that we must "name our enemies" in the new climate wars; and essayist Ari Brostoff who has attempted to think climate catastrophe through Walter Benjamin's meditations on the angel of history. The implicit question in all of their work is this: What histories and philosophical traditions can help us redefine humanity's entangled relationship to nature in order to take political responsibility for saving life on Earth? In other words, the Anthropocene requires "a usable past"—but what will that usable past be?
Predicting the orbital angular momentum of atmospheric turbulence for OAM-based free-space optical communication
Authors: Hu Wuli , Yang Jiaxiong , Zhu Long , Wang Andong
Published: October 2023

Spatial modes of light are susceptible to distortion, particularly by the presence of turbulence in atmospheric free-space links. The scattering of one mode to another disrupts the orthogonality among distinct orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes, leading to modal crosstalk between multiple channels. To enhance the performance of OAM-multiplexed free-space optical (FSO) communication, a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based turbulent OAM approach is proposed for compensating turbulence, with a specific focus on predicting the OAM of turbulence itself. An operator approach is utilized to extract the OAM component of atmospheric turbulence and the CNN is trained to predict the turbulent OAM coefficients. By employing the proposed network, the received power of the OAM-based FSO link can be improved by more than 10 dB under weak to strong turbulence conditions. Compared to Zernike modes, the turbulent OAM modes characterize most of the turbulence information using only a small number of orders. After compensation, when the strong turbulence strength D/r0 = 4, the received power of the transmitted beams with turbulent OAM improves by 4 dB over that with Zernike. Additionally, the crosstalk of multiplexed channels with turbulent OAM is reduced by 10 dB over that with Zernike under varying turbulence conditions.
Analysis of the optical response of reptile tissues in the visible and UV applying the KKR method
Authors: D’Ambrosio Christian N. , Urquía Gonzalo , Hölscher Hendrik , Inchaussandague Marina , Skigin Diana
Published: October 2023

Structural colors in nature are frequently produced by the ordered arrangement of nanoparticles. Interesting examples include reptiles and birds utilizing lattice-like formation of nanoparticles to produce a variety of colors. A famous example is the panther chameleon which is even able to change its color by actively varying the distance between guanine nanocrystals in its skin. Here, we demonstrate that the application of rigorous electromagnetic methods is important to determine the actual optical response of such biological systems. By applying the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker (KKR) method we calculate the efficiencies of the reflected diffraction orders that can be viewed from directions other than the specular. Our results reveal that important characteristics of the reflectance spectra, especially within the ultraviolet (UV) and short visible wavelengths region, cannot be predicted by approximate models like the often-applied Maxwell-Garnett approach. Additionally, we show that the KKR method can be employed for the design of multi-layer structures with a desired optical response in the UV regime.
Stable few-cycle out-of-phase solitons in a rectangular multi-core fiber
Authors: Balakin A. A. , Skobelev S. A. , Litvak A. G.
Published: October 2023

Stable out-of-phase soliton-like distributions of the wave field with few-cycle durations are found in fibers consisting of a rectangular lattice of weakly coupled cores. The stability of found distributions for durations larger than the critical value is shown analytically and numerically. Numerical simulation shows that the radiation of linear dispersive waves rather quickly transforms shorter pulses to the found solution with critical duration.
A standardised differential privacy framework for epidemiological modeling with mobile phone data
Authors: Savi Merveille Koissi , Yadav Akash , Zhang Wanrong , Vembar Navin , Schroeder Andrew , Balsari Satchit , Buckee Caroline O. , Vadhan Salil , Kishore Nishant
Published: October 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of mobile phone data for monitoring human mobility patterns has become increasingly common, both to study the impact of travel restrictions on population movement and epidemiological modeling. Despite the importance of these data, the use of location information to guide public policy can raise issues of privacy and ethical use. Studies have shown that simple aggregation does not protect the privacy of an individual, and there are no universal standards for aggregation that guarantee anonymity. Newer methods, such as differential privacy, can provide statistically verifiable protection against identifiability but have been largely untested as inputs for compartment models used in infectious disease epidemiology. Our study examines the application of differential privacy as an anonymisation tool in epidemiological models, studying the impact of adding quantifiable statistical noise to mobile phone-based location data on the bias of ten common epidemiological metrics. We find that many epidemiological metrics are preserved and remain close to their non-private values when the true noise state is less than 20, in a count transition matrix, which corresponds to a privacy-less parameter ϵ = 0.05 per release. We show that differential privacy offers a robust approach to preserving individual privacy in mobility data while providing useful population-level insights for public health. Importantly, we have built a modular software pipeline to facilitate the replication and expansion of our framework.
A community health worker-led program to improve access to gestational diabetes screening in urban slums of Pune, India: Results from a mixed methods study
Authors: Chebrolu Puja , Chalem Andrea , Ponticiello Matthew , Broderick Kathryn , Vaidyanathan Arthi , Lorenc Rachel , Kulkarni Vaishali , Onawale Ashlesha , Mathad Jyoti S. , Sundararajan Radhika
Published: October 2023

The World Health Organization recommends all pregnant women receive screening for gestational diabetes (GDM) with a fasting oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). However, very few women receive recommended screening in resource-limited countries like India. We implemented a community health worker (CHW)-delivered program to evaluate if home-based, CHW-delivered OGTT would increase GDM screening in a low-resource setting. We conducted a mixed methods study in two urban slum communities in Pune, India. CHWs were trained to deliver home-based, point-of-care fasting OGTT to women in their third trimester of pregnancy. The primary outcome was uptake of CHW-delivered OGTT. Secondary outcomes included GDM prevalence and linkage to GDM care. Individual interviews were conducted with purposively sampled pregnant women, CHWs, and local clinicians to assess barriers and facilitators of this approach. From October 2021-June 2022, 248 eligible pregnant women were identified. Of these, 223 (90%) accepted CHW-delivered OGTT and 31 (14%) were diagnosed with GDM. Thirty (97%) women diagnosed with GDM subsequently sought GDM care; only 10 (33%) received lifestyle counseling or pharmacologic therapy. Qualitative interviews indicated that CHW-delivered testing was considered highly acceptable as home-based testing saved time and was more convenient than clinic-based testing. Inconsistent clinical management of GDM was attributed to providers’ lack of time to deliver counseling, and perceptions that low-income populations are not at risk for GDM. Convenience and trust in a CHW-delivered GDM screening program resulted in high access to gold-standard OGTT screening and identification of a high GDM prevalence among pregnant women in two urban slum communities. Appropriate linkage to care was limited by clinician time constraints and misperceptions of GDM risk. CHW-delivered GDM screening and counseling may improve health education and access to preventive healthcare, offloading busy public clinics in high-need, low-resource settings.
Identifying sex-specific anthropometric measures and thresholds for dysglycemia screening in an HIV-endemic rural South African population
Authors: Castle Alison C. , Hoeppner Susanne S. , Manne-Goehler Jennifer M. , Olivier Stephen , Magodoro Itai M. , Singh Urisha , Edwards Johnathan A. , Tanser Frank , Bassett Ingrid V. , Wong Emily B. , Siedner Mark J. ,   on behalf of the Vukuzazi Study Team
Published: October 2023

Valid screening and diagnostic algorithms are needed to achieve 2030 targets proposed by the WHO’s Global Diabetes Compact. We explored anthropometric thresholds to optimally screen and refer individuals for diabetes testing in rural South Africa. We evaluated screening thresholds for waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), and waist-hip ratio (WHR) to detect dysglycemia based on a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) ≥6.5% among adults in a population-based study in South Africa using weighted, non-parametric ROC regression analyses. We then assessed the diagnostic validity of traditional obesity thresholds, explored optimal thresholds for this population, and fit models stratified by sex, age, and HIV status. The prevalence of dysglycemia in the total study population (n = 17,846) was 7.7%. WC had greater discriminatory capacity than WHR to detect dysglycemia in men (p-value<0.001) and women (p<0.001). WC had greater discriminatory capacity than BMI to detect dysglycemia in women (p<0.001). However, BMI and WC performed similarly for men (p = 0.589). Whereas traditional WC thresholds for women (>81cm) performed well (sensitivity 91%, positive predictive value [PPV] 14.9%), substantially lower thresholds were needed to achieve acceptable sensitivity and PPV among men (traditional >94cm, derived >79.5cm). WC outperforms BMI as an anthropometric screening measure for dysglycemia in rural South Africa. Whereas WC guideline thresholds are appropriate for women, male-derived WC cutoffs performed better at lower thresholds. In this rural South African population, thresholds that maximize specificity and PPV for efficient resource allocation may be preferred.
A rapid qualitative methods assessment and reporting tool for epidemic response as the outcome of a rapid review and expert consultation
Authors: Dong Dong , Abramowitz Sharon , Matta Gustavo Corrêa , Moreno Arlinda B. , Nouvet Elysée , Stolow Jeni , Pilbeam Caitlin , Lees Shelley , Yeoh EK , Gobat Nina , Giles-Vernick Tamara
Published: October 2023

During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Methods Sub-Group of the WHO COVID-19 Social Science Research Roadmap Working Group conducted a rapid evidence review of rapid qualitative methods (RQMs) used during epidemics. The rapid review objectives were to (1) synthesize the development, implementation, and uses of RQMs, including the data collection tools, research questions, research capacities, analytical approaches, and strategies used to speed up data collection and analysis in their specific epidemic and institutional contexts; and (2) propose a tool for assessing and reporting RQMs in epidemics emergencies. The rapid review covered published RQMs used in articles and unpublished reports produced between 2015 and 2021 in five languages (English, Mandarin, French, Portuguese, and Spanish). We searched multiple databases in these five languages between December 2020 and January 31, 2021. Sources employing “rapid” (under 6 months from conception to reporting of results) qualitative methods for research related to epidemic emergencies were included. We included 126 published and unpublished sources, which were reviewed, coded, and classified by the research team. Intercoder reliability was found to be acceptable (Krippendorff’s α = 0.709). We employed thematic analysis to identify categories characterizing RQMs in epidemic emergencies. The review protocol was registered at PROSPERO (no. CRD42020223283) and Research Registry (no. reviewregistry1044). We developed an assessment and reporting tool of 13 criteria in three domains, to document RQMs used in response to epidemic emergencies. These includeI. Design and Development(i. time frame, ii. Training, iii. Applicability to other populations, iv. Applicability to low resource settings, v. community engagement, vi. Available resources, vii. Ethical approvals, viii. Vulnerability, ix. Tool selection);II. Data Collection and Analysis(x. concurrent data collection and analysis, xi. Targeted populations and recruitment procedures);III. Restitution and Dissemination (xii. Restitution and dissemination of findings, xiii. Impact). Our rapid review and evaluation found a wide range of feasible and highly effective tools, analytical approaches and timely operational insights and recommendations during epidemic emergencies.
Nutritional analysis and characterization of carbapenemase producing-Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant genes associated with bovine mastitis infected cow’s milk
Authors: Mr. Saddam  , Khan Muddasir , Jamal Muhsin , Rahman Sadeeq Ur , Qadeer Abdul , Khan Imad , Mahmoud Mohamed H. , Batiha Gaber El-Saber , Shah Syed Hussain
Published: October 2023

The current study was designed to analyze nutritional parameters and to characterize carbapenemase producing-Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from bovine mastitic cow’s milk. Out of 700 milk samples K. pneumoniae was identified by phenotypic and molecular techniques along with their antibiogram analysis and nutritional analysis was performed using the procedure of Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae was detected by phenotypic CarbaNP test followed by molecular characterization of their associated resistant genes blaVIM, blaKPC, blaOXA-48, blaNDM, and blaIMP along with insertion sequence common region 1 (ISCR1) and integrons (Int1, Int2, and Int3) genes. Among nutritional parameters, fat content was observed (2.99%) followed by protein (2.78%), lactose (4.32%), and total solid (11.34%), respectively. The prevalence of K. pneumoniae among bovine mastitis was found 25.71%. Antibiogram analysis revealed that more effective antibiotics was ceftazidime (80%) followed by amikacin (72%), while highly resistant antibiotics was Fusidic acid (100%). Distribution of carbapenemase producer K. pneumoniae was found 44.4%. Among carbapenem resistant genes blaKPC was found 11.25%, blaVIM 2.75%, blaNDM 17.5%, and blaOXA-48 7.5%, while blaIMP gene was not detected. Furthermore, distribution of ISCR1 was found 40%, while integron 1 was found 61.2% followed by integron 2 (20%), and integron 3 (5%). In conclusion, the recent scenario of carbapenemase resistant K. pneumoniae isolates responsible for mastitis may affect not only the current treatment regime but also possess a serious threat to public health due to its food borne transmission and zoonotic potential.
Knowledge and coping style about depression in medical students: A cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Lian Yajun , Yan Yumeng , Ping Weiwei , Dou Zhiyong , Wang Xiaoyan , Yang Hui
Published: October 2023

Objectives

The current study aimed at ascertaining the depression levels of medical students and their knowledge levels of depression, and exploring the relationship between the level of knowledge and coping styles of the medical students on depression.

Methods

An online-based survey was developed in Changzhi Medical College. The questionnaire included demographic and socioeconomic data, questions about depression knowledge and copying styles of depression, and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). A total of 1931 questionnaires were returned by respondents.

Results

The medical students produced a mean SDS score of 44.29 (SD = 11.67). The prevalence of depression was 29.7%. Sophomore, female, and poor family relationships were parameters associated with a higher SDS score. The total correct rate for knowledge of depression was 64.14%. There were statistical differences between with depression students and non-depression students on the rate of the correct answers in the following questions:"Female has more probability", "Depression can be adjusted by oneself", "Associated with one’s character", "Know cure method of depression", "Know drug use of depression", "Know depression influence for health", and "Know prevention method of depression". Depression students were more likely to have a lower rate of correct answer for above questions. Asking for help from psychological consultation was the primary coping mechanism among the medical students. The logistic regression analysis results found that depressed students who chose the coping way of no ways of coping were more likely to be females OR = 1.470 (1.078, 2.005), residents in rural area OR = 1.496 (1.038, 2.156), in poor family relationships OR = 2.428 (1.790, 3.293), and have lower cognitive level of depression knowledge OR = 1.920 (1.426, 3.226).

Conclusions

It is necessary to focus on mental health of medical students, especially in female, residents in rural area, in poor family relationships, and having lower cognitive level of depression knowledge. Medical students were insufficient on depression knowledge and coping styles, and efforts that train students know risk of impaired mental health could also improve diagnosis and treatment.
The Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI): A prospective cohort study protocol
Authors: Besser Lilah M. , Chrisphonte Stephanie , Kleiman Michael J. , O’Shea Deirdre , Rosenfeld Amie , Tolea Magdalena , Galvin James E.
Published: October 2023

Background

The Health Brain Initiative (HBI), established by University of Miami’s Comprehensive Center for Brain Health (CCBH), follows racially/ethnically diverse older adults without dementia living in South Florida. With dementia prevention and brain health promotion as an overarching goal, HBI will advance scientific knowledge by developing novel assessments and non-invasive biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD), examining additive effects of sociodemographic, lifestyle, neurological and biobehavioral measures, and employing innovative, methodologically advanced modeling methods to characterize ADRD risk and resilience factors and transition of brain aging.

Methods

HBI is a longitudinal, observational cohort study that will follow 500 deeply-phenotyped participants annually to collect, analyze, and store clinical, cognitive, behavioral, functional, genetic, and neuroimaging data and biospecimens. Participants are ≥50 years old; have no, subjective, or mild cognitive impairment; have a study partner; and are eligible to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Recruitment is community-based including advertisements, word-of-mouth, community events, and physician referrals. At baseline, following informed consent, participants complete detailed web-based surveys (e.g., demographics, health history, risk and resilience factors), followed by two half-day visits which include neurological exams, cognitive and functional assessments, an overnight sleep study, and biospecimen collection. Structural and functional MRI is completed by all participants and a subset also consent to amyloid PET imaging. Annual follow-up visits repeat the same data and biospecimen collection as baseline, except that MRIs are conducted every other year after baseline.

Ethics and expected impact

HBI has been approved by the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Institutional Review Board. Participants provide informed consent at baseline and are re-consented as needed with protocol changes. Data collected by HBI will lead to breakthroughs in developing new diagnostics and therapeutics, creating comprehensive diagnostic evaluations, and providing the evidence base for precision medicine approaches to dementia prevention with individualized treatment plans.
Analysis of Microcystis aeruginosa physiology by spectral flow cytometry: Impact of chemical and light exposure
Authors: Brentjens Emma T. , Beall Elizabeth A. K. , Zucker Robert M.
Published: October 2023

M. aeruginosa fluorescent changes were observed using a Cytek Aurora spectral flow cytometer that contains 5 lasers and 64 narrow band detectors located between 365 and 829 nm. Cyanobacteria were treated with different concentrations of H2O2 and then monitored after exposure between 1 and 8 days. The red fluorescence emission derived from the excitation of cyanobacteria with a yellow green laser (550 nm) was measured in the 652–669 nm detector while green fluorescence from excitation with a violet laser (405 nm) was measured in the 532–550 nm detector. The changes in these parameters were measured after the addition of H2O2. There was an initial increase in red fluorescence intensity at 24 hours. This was followed by a daily decrease in red fluorescence intensity. In contrast, green fluorescence increased at 24 hours and remained higher than the control for the duration of the 8-day study. A similar fluorescence intensity effect as H2O2 on M. aeruginosa fluorescence emissions was observed after exposure to acetylacetone, diuron (DCMU), peracetic acid, and tryptoline. Minimal growth was also observed in H2O2 treated cyanobacteria during exposure of H2O2 for 24 days. In another experiment, H2O2-treated cyanobacteria were exposed to high-intensity blue (14 mW) and UV (1 mW) lights to assess the effects of light stress on fluorescence emissions. The combination of blue and UV light with H2O2 had a synergistic effect on M. aeruginosa that induced greater fluorescent differences between control and treated samples than exposure to either stimulus individually. These experiments suggest that the early increase in red and green fluorescence may be due to an inhibition in the ability of photosynthesis to process photons. Further research into the mechanisms driving these increases in fluorescence is necessary.
Development and Verification of a Mother-child Group Counseling Program Integrating Positive Psychotherapy and Emotional Coaching: Focusing on School Maladjusted Children
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Mi-ae
Published: October 2023

This study developed a mother-child group counseling program that integrates positive psychotherapy and emotional coaching and verified its effectiveness. Nine pairs participated in the experimental group and 10 pairs in the comparative group. Repeated measurement variance analysis was performed to verify program effectiveness. The program effect of children was significantly higher in self-esteem and interpersonal skills after participating in the program than that of children in the comparative group, and this effect was maintained until further tests. As for the effect of the mother program, the audit tendency and conflict coping ability of mothers in the experimental group significantly increased after participating in the program. In the case of communication skills, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the comparative group. These results show that this program not only induced positive changes to school maladjusted children, but also was effective in causing positive changes in their mothers.
An updated checklist of the extant freshwater ostracods (Podocopida, Ostracoda, Crustacea) of Slovenia
Authors: Mori Nataša , Šalamun Ali
Published: October 2023

The article presents an updated checklist of the extant freshwater ostracods in Slovenia. The data were obtained from the published scientific literature up to 2012 and from field collections after 2012, mainly from springs and groundwaters and, to a lesser extent, from ponds and other surface waters. The erroneous and invalid species names cited in the existing literature are listed to avoid further misquotations. The updated checklist contains a total of 70 valid species names. The species belong to 3 superfamilies, 9 families and 32 genera. The species-richest is the family Candonidae (36 species), followed by the family Cyprididae (22 species). Further field samplings are needed to complete the species list, with the focus on the eastern and southeastern parts of Slovenia, and on the sampling of surface waters. Additionally, more in-depth literature investigations and examinations of old museum collections across Europe need to be carried out to obtain all existing data. Moreover, many stygobiotic species (i.e., species inhabiting exclusively subterranean waters), new for science, collected over the last 20 years, need to be scientifically described. Lastly, the Slovenian National Red list on ostracods needs to be urgently updated.
High-temperature stress induces bacteria-specific adverse and reversible effects on Ulva (Chlorophyta) growth and its chemosphere in a reductionist model system
Authors: Hmani Imen , Ghaderiardakani Fatemeh , Ktari Leila , El Bour Monia , Wichard Thomas
Published: October 2023

Axenic cultures of the green seaweed Ulva mutabilis were inoculated with bacteria providing essential algal growth and morphogenesis-promoting factors (AGMPFs) and were exposed to temperature shifts from 18 °C to 30 °C. The temperature-dependent effect of bacteria on longitudinal algal growth and the molecular composition of the chemosphere in the algal culture medium was explored. The reductionist tripartite model system of U. mutabilis, Roseovarius sp. MS2, and Maribacter sp. MS6 was applied as a reference and has been changed by substituting Roseovarius with isolates that phenocopy this strain. Rathayibacter festucae IH2 and Roseovarius aestuarii G8 boosted growth at 18 °C but slowed it down at 30 °C. Additional inoculation of Roseovarius sp. MS2 mitigated these adverse bacterial effects partially. At 30 °C, the molecular profile of the chemosphere differed dramatically between all tested tripartite communities, indicating different traits of the same bacterium with changing temperatures. Functional examinations should, therefore, accompany microbiome analysis to detect changing traits with the same microbiome composition.
A non-Archimedean approach to K-stability, II: Divisorial stability and openness
Authors: Boucksom Sébastien , Jonsson Mattias
Published: October 2023

To any projective pair

(
X
,
B
)

{(X,B)}

equipped with an ample

ℚ

{\mathbb{Q}}

-line bundle L (or even any ample numerical class),
we attach a new invariant

β
⁢

(
μ
)

∈
ℝ

{\beta(\mu)\in\mathbb{R}}

, defined on convex combinations μ of divisorial valuations on X, viewed as point masses on the Berkovich analytification of X. The construction is based on non-Archimedean pluripotential theory, and extends the Dervan–Legendre invariant for a single valuation – itself specializing to Li and Fujita’s valuative invariant in the Fano case, which detects K-stability. Using our β-invariant, we define divisorial (semi)stability, and show that divisorial semistability implies

(
X
,
B
)

{(X,B)}

is sublc (i.e. its log discrepancy function is non-negative), and that divisorial stability is an open condition with respect to the polarization L. We also show that divisorial stability implies uniform K-stability in the usual sense of (ample) test configurations, and that it is equivalent to uniform K-stability with respect to all norms/filtrations on the section ring of

(
X
,
L
)

{(X,L)}

, as considered by Chi Li.
Asymptotic analysis of fundamental solutions of hypoelliptic operators
Authors: Chkadua George , Shargorodsky Eugene
Published: October 2023

Asymptotic behavior at infinity is investigated for fundamental solutions of a hypoelliptic partial differential operator

𝐏
⁢

(

i
⁢

∂
x

)

=

(

P
1

⁢

(

i
⁢

∂
x

)

)

m
1

⁢
⋯
⁢

(

P
l

⁢

(

i
⁢

∂
x

)

)

m
l

\mathbf{P}(i\partial_{x})=(P_{1}(i\partial_{x}))^{m_{1}}\cdots(P_{l}(i\partial%
_{x}))^{m_{l}}

with the characteristic polynomial that has real multiple zeros. Based on asymptotic expansions of fundamental solutions, asymptotic classes of functions are introduced and existence and uniqueness of solutions in those classes are established for the equation

𝐏
⁢

(

i
⁢

∂
x

)

⁢
u

=
f

{\mathbf{P}(i\partial_{x})u=f}

in

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

. The obtained results imply, in particular, a new uniqueness theorem for the classical Helmholtz equation.
Complete rectal prolapse presenting with colorectal cancer
Authors: Perrakis Aristoteles , Meyer Frank , Scheidbach Hubert
Published: October 2023

Objectives

Rectal prolapse is defined as prolapse of all layers of rectal wallout of the anal sphincter. The aim was to (i) describe the extremely rare combination of a rectal prolapse with colon cancer in an older female patient, (ii) comment on management-specific aspects and (iii) derive some generalizing recommendations by means of a scientific case report and based on the case-specific experiences related to the clinical management and current references from the medical literature.

Case presentation

A 69-year old female patient with cancer of the sigmoid colon at a manifest rectal prolapse was diagnosed. Literature search (using the data bank of “PubMed”) resulted in only six patients (the majority of them were females) with the coincidence of rectal prolapse and rectal or colon cancer have been reported so far.

Conclusions

A patient with a manifest rectal prolapse needs always to undergo colonoscopy and – in case of an ulcer – histological investigation of representative biopsies.
A comparative study on the overlapping effects of clinically applicable therapeutic interventions in patients with central nervous system damage
Authors: Lee Jung-Ho , Lee Dae-Hwan
Published: October 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of anti-gravity treadmill (AGT) training, which provides visual feedback and Biorescue training on proprioception, muscle strength, balance, and gait, in stroke patients. A total of 45 people diagnosed with post-stroke were included as study subjects; they were randomized to an AGT training group provided with visual feedback (Group A), a Biorescue training group provided with visual feedback (Group B), and an AGT/Biorescue group that subsequently received AGT training and Biorescue training (Group C). A muscle strength-measuring device was used to evaluate muscle strength. Timed Up and Go and Bug Balance Scale assessment sheets were used to evaluate balance ability. Dartfish software was used to evaluate gait ability. The results of the study showed that Groups A and C had a significant increase in muscle strength compared with Group B; in terms of balance and gait abilities, Group C showed a significant increase in balance ability and gait speed and a significant change in knee joint angle compared with Groups A and B. In conclusion, this study suggests that including a method that applies multiple therapeutic interventions is desirable in the rehabilitation of stroke patients to improve their independence.
Analysis of magnetized micropolar fluid subjected to generalized heat-mass transfer theories
Authors: Li Yijie , Anwar Muhammad Imran , Katbar Nek Muhammad , Prakash M. , Saqlain Muhammad , Waqas Muhammad , Wahab Abdul , Jamshed Wasim , Eid Mohamed R. , Hassan Ahmed M.
Published: October 2023

In this study, the steady 2D flow of micropolar fluid via a vertical surface is taken into account. The magnetohydrodynamics applied normally to the flow direction at a vertical surface in the presence of temperature-dependent attributes. The effect of the chemical reaction under the generalized Fourier–Fick law is considered to investigate the heat transference rate at the vertical sheet. Under the flow assumptions, the boundary layer approximations were applied to the nonlinear differential equations and partial differential equations were obtained. The use of similarity modifications allows for a reduction in the number of partial differential equations. The resulting ordinary differential equations are then resolved numerically using a technique known as the homotopy analysis method. The results reveal that microparticle suspensions have a significant impact on the flowing domain when varied fluid characteristics are utilized. The effect of potential factors on flow, micro-rotation velocities, temperature, drag force factor, and heat transport rate is investigated. The obtained results show that the velocity profile and micropolar function increase for larger values of micropolar parameters. Drag force effects are also seen, and required outcomes are observed to be in outstanding accord with the available literature. Significant results of this work were toward the velocity function, which gets reduced with increasing magnetic field parameter values, but the velocity function enhances for higher values of

β

\beta

and

λ

\lambda

. On temperature distribution, it decreased for higher values of

ϵ

1

{{\epsilon }}_{1}

and temperature profile declines due to higher values of

Pr

\text{Pr}

,

γ

2

{\gamma }_{2}

and

γ

1

{\gamma }_{1}

or both cases of

δ
>
0

\delta \gt 0

and

δ
<
0

\delta \lt 0

. The higher values of

Sc

\text{Sc}

resist declining the temperature function at the surface.
A csokornyakkendős andragógus, avagy „az andragógus szakma elkötelezett híve”
Authors: Henczi Lajos
Published: October 2023

.
Az átlag nem elég!
Authors: Bodó László
Published: October 2023

.
A Study on the Educational Perspective and Practical Activities of New-type Confucian Academy in Modern China: Focusing on the predecessor of Zhejiang University, “Qiu shi Shu-yuan(求是書院)”
Authors:   Institute of Korean Cultural Studies Yeungnam University, Bae Dabin
Published: October 2023

Built in 1897 in Hangzhou, China, “Qiu shi Shu-yuan(求是書 院)” is a new type of Confucian academy founded in cooperation with the “Wei-xin faction(維新派)” at the time. This Confucian academy emphasized the spirit of “Shi shi qiu shi(實事求是)”, based on the parallelism of Chinese and Western studies, and further had a clear purpose of contributing to the activities of saving the country by cultivating practical talents. Chinese intellectuals, who were suffering from a national crisis at the time, were leading the establishment of various new schools or modern educational institutions to break down the chaotic situation. In that time, Qiu shi shu-yuan was not only built purely by the Chinese, but also developed into today's Zhejiang University. Thus, it is considered one of the “ideal models of modern Chinese educational institutions” in that it shows a consistent educational view and stable development in terms of operation and development.