bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of drugs used in chronic heart failure at tertiary care centre: a hospital based study
Authors: Ghimire Rinku , Dhungana Sahadeb Prasad
Published: August 2019

Introduction: There is lack of data on pattern of use of drugs in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) from Nepalese population. This study was conducted to explore the trends of evidence based medications used for CHF in our population. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study on 200 consecutive patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II to IV symptoms of CHF who attended cardiology clinic or admitted from September 2017 to August 2018 at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. Results: Mean age of patients was 54 (range 15-90) years. Ischemic cardiomyopathy, rheumatic heart disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertensive heart disease, peripartum cardiomyopathy were common etiologies of CHF. Analysis of drugs used in CHF revealed that 85% patients were prescribed diuretics, 58.5% angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), 53% mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), 38% beta-blockers (BBs) and 24% digoxin. Digoxin was mainly used as add on therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation (24% of all patients). Antithrombotics (warfarin or aspirin), inotropic agents (dopamine, dobutamine or noradrenaline), antiarrhythmic agent (amiodarone) and nitrates (intravenous glyceryl trinitrate or oral isosorbide dinitrate) were prescribed for 48%, 28%, 5% and 6% patients respectively. All CHF patients with preserved or mid-range ejection fraction (25% of all patients) were prescribed diuretics along with antihypertensive drugs for hypertensive patients. Conclusion: CHF is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to associated co-morbidities and underuse of proven therapy like BBs, ACEIs or ARBs and MRAs. Careful attention to optimization of different drugs therapy in patients with CHF may help to improve patient outcomes.
Impact Resistance of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Panels Using Genetic Algorithm Optimization
Authors: Al Rjoub Yousef S. , Hijazi Moheldeen A.
Published: August 2019

In designing protective concrete structures, optimum response against projectile impact is achieved by minimizing damage and, more importantly, controlling its failure mode to ensure life safety. Recently, steel fiber–reinforced concrete (SFRC) has gained attention for its superior toughness and damage control against impact loads. However, in designing SFRC panels to protect against projectile impact, a knowledge gap exists in the selection of optimum parameters, such as steel fiber volumetric fraction, maximum aggregate size, and panel thickness. To fill this gap, this article proposes a model that is capable of predicting SFRC response to impact loading using an artificial neural network. This model has been introduced to a multiobjective genetic algorithm to optimize the SFRC panel design against a given impact energy. Simple guidelines for the selection of optimum thickness, steel fiber volumetric fraction, and aggregate size are developed.
Verbesserung des Produktionssystems mit der Wertstrommethode - Teil 2: Lösungen
Authors: Lugert Andreas , Winkler Herwig
Published: August 2019

Mit der Wertstrommethode lassen sich Produktivität und Effizienz des Produktionssystems steigern. Dies geschieht durch Schaffung von Transparenz und Hervorhebung möglicher Optimierungspotentiale. Die Fallstudie zeigt, wie die systematische Methode anzuwenden ist und welche Erfolge sich durch sie erzielen lassen. Außerdem wird die Notwendigkeit eines fortwährenden Wertstrommanagements diskutiert. Grundlagen der Wertstrommethode sowie Ausgangssituation und Aufgabenstellungen der Fallstudie sind in der WiSt Nr. 6/2019, S. 4 ff. bzw. S. 64 ff. beschrieben.
Reducing Germinal Matrix-Intraventricular Hemorrhage: Perinatal and Delivery Room Factors
Authors: Lim Jina , Hagen Eunice
Published: August 2019

Germinal matrix hemorrhage–intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is the most common form of brain injury in preterm infants. Although severe IVH has declined over the years, it still affects approximately 6% of infants born before 32 weeks of gestation. Most IVH cases are detectable by the first 24 hours after birth; therefore interventions to prevent IVH should focus on antenatal management for pregnant women and delivery room management. Obstetrical interventions, including antenatal corticosteroids, maternal rather than infant transport, and possibly elective cesarean delivery have been associated with a decreased risk of IVH. Neonatal interventions in the delivery room, including delayed cord clamping or umbilical cord milking, maintaining normothermia, avoiding fluctuations in cerebral blood flow, and optimal ventilation management are associated with a decreased risk of IVH. Multiple clinical trials are under way to further identify IVH risk factors, ability to monitor or predict IVH, and ideally prevent IVH altogether. This discussion will focus on reviewing current obstetric and neonatal management practices and their associations with germinal matrix hemorrhage–IVH.
Gramática e letramento no ensino e na aprendizagem de português como língua adicional
Authors: Da Silva Meire Celedônio
Published: August 2019

The teaching of Portuguese as an Additional Language (PLA) has gained prominence in the internationalization activities of Brazilian universities, especially public ones. This study specifically addresses the context of the Federal University of Ceará (UFC). In the course offered by the Vernacular Letters Department, the students read and produce texts which are primarily academic textual genres. Thus, the goal of this study is to consider the role of teaching and learning grammar in the expansion of the literacy of PLA students. The theoretical approach used here is the Socio-discursive Interactionism and the language didactics theory. We also consider the theoretical discussions of Bulea (2015) on grammar education. Based on these considerations, it is shown that teaching PLA from an interactionist perspective while taking the teaching of grammar into account contributes significantly to increasing academic literacy.
‘The Nirbhaya who lived’
Authors: McLoughlin Linda
Published: August 2019

This article examines representations of sexual violence in Femina, an Englishlanguage women’s lifestyle magazine aimed at middle-class Indian women. A story of rape, written from the perspective of the victim, a lower-caste Indian woman is analysed using feminist critical discourse analysis. The analytical interest here rests on tensions within the magazine, vis-à-vis Femina purportedly aims to empower all women, yet in its mediation of rape, this is achieved through a process of othering. The voices of the magazine’s text producers and the rape victim storyteller are compared to reveal conflicting differences and shifting ideologies in their framing of events. Through intertextual reference, the magazine distinguishes between endemic or ‘simple’ and ‘real’ rape cases in terms of caste-based inequalities claiming that endemic rape cases do not attract media attention because of the victim’s low social and economic status. This presents an issue since Femina appeals to high income, independent middle- class women to come to the rescue of lower-caste women, thus reinforcing a power dynamic between them.
Sexual abuse in proceedings of gender-based violence in the Brazilian judicial system
Authors: Freitas Lúcia , Bastos Liliana
Published: August 2019

Based on a feminist approach to law, we analyse dimensions of the performance of the Brazilian judiciary in three judgements of domestic and family violence against women that encompass sexual abuse. We show how gender-based violence is constructed in agreed decisions, on lawsuits under the Maria da Penha law, which is considered a landmark in Brazilian legislation on gender. Using a narrative approach and the concept of entextualisation, the analysis focuses firstly on the judicial acts as legal trajectories and the presentation of the episode of sexual violence that led to the judicial process. A second focus is on constructions of these same episodes in different instances of the judicial acts. We found that agents of the penal system, in applying the Maria da Penha law, reaffirm dominant structures of subjectivity, allowing a pre-established set of values against which the law sought precisely to break. Different judges provide divergent understandings in a single trial and may reveal more or less involvement with the political perspectives of the law. The findings have implications for discussions of women’s rights through criminal law.
SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF TWO PALLADIUM(II) COMPLEXES BEARING ACETONITRILE AND N-HETEROCYCLIC CARBENE DERIVED FROM IMIDAZOLE
Authors: Truong Mai Thi Cam , Nguyen Chi Thi Thanh
Published: August 2019

The reaction of [PdCl2(CH3CN)2] (1) with either 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazolium chloride (IMes·HCl) or 1,3-bis(2,6-diisoproylphenyl)imidazolium chloride (IPr·HCl) in the present of Ag2O afforded two mixed monocarbene-CH3CN complexes, namely trans-[PdCl2(CH3CN)(IMes] (2) and trans-[PdCl2(CH3CN)(IPr)] (3), with the high yield (85-90%). The structure of 2 and 3 were elucidated by ESI mass, IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra. For 2, single-crystal X-ray diffraction study was also carried out. The results show that the CH3CN in 2 and 3 coordinates with Pd(II) via the N atom, the deprotonated imidazolium salts are bound up with Pd(II) via the C atom (NCHN) and occupy trans-position in comparison with the CH3CN.
Brief Communication: Impact of Sign Character Aspect Ratio on Legibility
Authors: Bullough John D.
Published: August 2019

Signs are critical elements of the visual environment for pedestrians, drivers and other users. Regardless of their purpose, signs should be easily detected and readily legible. Tools such as visual performance models have been developed to allow the assessment of the speed and accuracy with which observers can read information on a sign. These models include factors such as the luminance of the sign, the contrast between the sign's characters and their backgrounds, and the size of the characters. One factor that has not been included in visual performance models is the aspect ratio of characters, particularly of alphanumeric symbols. To address this, a small study was carried out to investigate observers' ability to identify characters ranging in contrast and aspect ratio.
Outdoor Advertising
Authors: Lowery Bryce
Published: August 2019

Outdoor advertising has a long history of serving as a landmark of the experience economy. In the United States early signage often featured traveling shows and circuses. As the automobile changed lifestyle trends, billboards followed the new roading experience. Today, outdoor advertising is increasingly seen as a part of experiencing cities, clustered in entertainment districts. Through spatial reorganization, integration into the built environment, and the development of increasingly engaged technologies, outdoor advertising is adapting to the new experiences of urban life. Signage is being used in new ways to enhance the quality of life in places that are commonly associated with consuming goods and services. As a landmark of the experience economy, signage orients individuals to these locations by drawing attention to opportunities to eat, drink, and have fun.
Patient-Reported Factors in Treatment Satisfaction in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM)
Authors: Chari Ajai , Romanus Dorothy , DasMahapatra Pronabesh , Hoole Michael , Lowe Maria , Curran Chris , Campbell Scott , Bell Jill A.
Published: August 2019

Background

Therapy choices in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) should consider patient satisfaction with treatment, because it is associated with adherence to therapy, health outcomes, and medical safety. The primary objective of this pilot cross-sectional observational study was to ascertain factors associated with patient-reported treatment satisfaction in RRMM.

Patients and Methods

Patients with a self-reported diagnosis of RRMM recruited from PatientsLikeMe, MyelomaCrowd, and Facebook were administered an electronic survey that included questions on demographics and clinical history, treatment experience, economic burden, and standardized patient-reported outcome measures, including the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) measure, and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire: Specific Health Problem V2.0. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to identify predictors of patient-perceived treatment satisfaction.

Results

One hundred sixty patients with RRMM participated in the study, with a median of two prior relapses and 66.3% reporting the most recent relapse within the last 12 months. ECOG PS ≥2 was associated with lower patient-reported global satisfaction and perceived effectiveness of current treatment. In addition to shorter time spent receiving therapy, orally administered treatment was the strongest predictor of higher satisfaction with treatment convenience. For patients receiving an injectable drug-containing regimen versus an all-oral regimen, respectively, time spent receiving multiple myeloma-directed therapy was higher (12.6 vs. 4.0 hours per month), and total monthly indirect costs were $1,033 and $241.

Conclusion

Poor ECOG PS was linked to reduced treatment satisfaction and perceived effectiveness of current therapy, whereas an all-oral regimen was associated with increased treatment convenience satisfaction.

Implications for Practice

This study suggests that attributes including better Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, less time spent receiving treatment, and oral route of treatment administration lead to higher patient-perceived satisfaction with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) treatment. Oral route of administration was also associated with less time spent receiving treatment and reduced economic burden for patients. Increased attention to these factors in shared treatment decision making is warranted to help identify individual patient needs, preferences, and expectations for RRMM treatments, to resolve dissatisfaction issues, and to improve the experience of patients with RRMM.
Editöre Mektup
Authors: ÇATMA Mehmet Faruk , ÖZTÜRK Alper , AKSEKİLİ Mehmet Atıf Erol
Published: August 2019

ÖZET BULUNMAMAKTADIR
Adesão entre cimento resinoso e zircônia: uma revisão de literatura sobre tratamentos da superfície e testes de resistência de união
Authors: Figueiredo Viviane , Galvão Menezes Janaina Emanuella , De Almeida Barros Franco , Vieira Grangeiro Manassés Tercio , Nogueira Junior Lafayette
Published: August 2019

OBJETIVO: revisar a literatura sobre a adesão a cerâmica zircônia ao cimento resinoso enfatizando os diferentes tratamentos disponíveis na literatura. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: foi realizada busca nas bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed, Scielo e Bireme, utilizando os termos de busca adhesion, zircônia, bond strength. Os critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram estudos in silico, in vitro, in vivo; revisão sistemáticas e metanálise, literatura que aborda as variáveis em estudo, idioma em português e inglês. RESULTADOS: a adesão da zircônia aos demais materiais restauradores vem ganhando destaque, uma vez que atuam melhorando a união entre cimento resinoso e cerâmica, estando diretamente ligado a funcionalidade do conjunto. As técnicas cientificamente embasadas que atuam a promover de forma mecânica ou química a interação de materiais com partículas de características distintas, estando entre elas a silicatização por jateamento de micropartículas de alumina revestidas de sílica e a deposição de finas camadas de plasma. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Testes de resistência de união e análise de superfície são de longe a melhor forma de qualificar e dar rumo aos experimentos e tratamentos direcionados aos materiais restauradores odontológicos, podendo levar a um patamar mais elevado as características adesivas adquiridas.
O uso da profilaxia antibiótica em implantodontia
Authors: Lima Pedreira Karine , Rios de Oliveira Juliana , Mascarenhas Letícia de Santana , Silva Santana Hanna Thielly Thielly , Fonsêca Azoubel Maria Cecília , Souza Sandro Bittencourt
Published: August 2019

INTRODUÇÃO: O uso de antibióticos em Implantodontia é amplamente empregado a fim de prevenir a infecção pós-operatória e perda do implante. No entanto, sua necessidade e eficácia não são consensuais na literatura. OBJETIVO: estre trabalho visa verificar a necessidade de profilaxia antibiótica em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de implantes osseointegrados. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: buscou-se publicações sobre a temática nas bases de dados LILACS, SCIELO e PUBMED, nos idiomas português e inglês. RESULTADOS: a análise de literatura mostrou que a profilaxia antibiótica está indicada para pacientes com risco de endocardite infecciosa, imunodeprimidos, quando sítio cirúrgico esteja previamente infectado, em procedimentos extensos que necessitem de grande quantidade de implantes e/ou uso de biomateriais. Os ensaios clínicos randomizados publicados na literatura não têm padronização na metodologia, tipo de antibiótico, protocolos de posologia, procedimentos envolvidos, quantidade de implantes instalados por paciente, controle e falta de padronização dos operadores, que dificulta estabelecer um protocolo. CONCLUSÃO:o índice de sucesso dos implantes osseointegrados não está associado com a prescrição pré ou pós-operatória de antibióticos, mas sim com a correta indicação, planejamento, adequada técnica cirúrgica e aos procedimentos pré e pós-cirúrgicos eficientes. A profilaxia antibiótica deve ser indicada para pacientes que possuam alguma condição sistêmica que justifique seu uso. Em pacientes saudáveis, deve ser realizada uma rigorosa assepsia local, correta manipulação dos tecidos e utilização de técnica adequada para proporcionar ao paciente um excelente pós-operatório e igualmente, sucesso no tratamento.
La Política de Agua de Chile: una radiografía histórica, legal y administrativa a la gestión del agua en manos del mercado neoliberal
Authors: Bravo-Sánchez José Marcelo , Naranjo-Ramírez Gloria del Carmen , Hidalgo-Carrasco Rafael Antonio
Published: August 2019

El presente artículo revisa aspectos de la actual Política Hídrica Chilena, que se apoya en la gestión hídrica del mercado capitalista y una limitada regulación estatal. Para su análisis, se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica de las diferentes leyes y documentos históricos que han administrado los recursos hídricos del país, hasta llegar al Código de Aguas de 1981, aún vigente. A ello, se suman las modificaciones de este reglamento a partir de 1989 cuando se incorporan nuevos criterios socioeconómicos, ambientales y de gestión de cuenca, que han permitido democratizar la participación en el actual mercado hídrico chileno. Además, se agrega, la opción de trasvase para enfrentar el déficit hídrico en el Norte de Chile
The use of psychometric methods for the diagnosis of anxiety and depressive disorders in patients with a general somatic profile
Authors: Dubatova I V , Voyakina V G , Lepyavka S V , Safronenko A V , Demidov I A
Published: August 2019

Aim. To identify and compare the level of anxiety and depression in therapeutic patients with somatic pathology, establish the structure of the gender distribution of anxiety and depressive disorders.

Methods. The study involved 126 people: 74 (58.73%) women and 52 (41.27%) men aged 21–59 years. 59 patients had diseases of the respiratory system (chronic bronchitis in the acute stage with an asthmatic component), 67 patients with cardiovascular diseases (40 subjects with coronary heart disease, 27 subjects with arterial hypertension). In 11 patients with coronary artery disease and 13 patients with hypertension, type I thyrotoxicosis was diagnosed. Clinical psychopathological, psychometric, psychological and statistical methods were used in the study. Psychometric tests were used: the Depression Scale of the Center for Epidemiological Research; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Taylor Anxiety Disorder Scale adapted by T.A. Nemchinova and V.G. Norakidze, adapted standardized multivariate questionnaire for personality research.

Results. According to the severity of anxiety and depressive disorders, patients were divided into the groups: group 1 with severe level, group 2 with a moderate (subclinical) level, and group 3 with mild (not exceeding the norm) anxiety and depressive disorders. Severe and moderate disorders are most characteristic for the pathology of cardiovascular system. In coronary artery disease and arterial hypertension, abnormal (severe and moderate) anxiety and depressive disorders were observed in 24/29 (82.76%) and 20/22 (90.9%) patients, respectively. In patients with abnormal anxiety and depressive disorders, the number of women prevailed over men in the subgroup with hypertension (80% versus 20%, p=0.025) as well as in combination of hypertension with type 1 thyrotoxicosis (85.7% versus 14.3%, р=0.029).

Conclusion. In patients, severe and moderate anxiety and depressive disorders are associated with the development of the pathology of cardiovascular system: coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension.
Microanatomy of vitreoretinal interactions in macular and paramacular areas
Authors: Lyskin P V
Published: August 2019

Aim. To refine microanatomy of vitreoretinal interactions in central areas of retina and to obtain additional information on vitreoretinal interactions regarding theoretical possibility of collagen synthesis in the vitreous body of adult humans and mechanisms of vitreoretinal adhesion.

Methods. Scanning electron microscopy study was performed in central areas of human retina after removal of vitreous base from its surface.

Results. On the surface of retina we found a thin layer of epiretinal vitreous body most strongly bound to the retina. Thickness of paramacular epiretinal vitreous is 3–5 µm and it is formed mainly by thin densely packed fibrils. Its surface layer facing the vitreous cavity consists of the thickest (1 µm) and longest (250 µm) fibrils loosely packed. These fibrils look like “pearl threads” and exhibit signs of newly formed fibrils. Epiretinal layer of the vitreous in the fovea is thinner, its thickness is about 2 µm. Top layer of fibrils is least densely packed with the thickness of the fibrils of about 0.2 µm. The closer to internal limiting membrane, the thinner the fibrils, the denser their packing. The discovered layer can be interpreted as an additional anatomic structural unit of the vitreous body — epiretinal vitreous.

Conclusion. We detected indirect signs of lifetime synthesis of newly formed fibrils in the vitreous of adult human; newly formed collagen may be localized in epiretinal vitreous which may be the main binding component providing vitreoretinal adhesion.
Laser treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy with a point of leakage in the subfoveolar zone without fluorescein angiography
Authors: Samoylov A N , Korobitsin A N
Published: August 2019

Aim. Develop a methodology and evaluate the clinical results of laser treatment of patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy in the presence of a leakage point in the foveola zone.

Methods. The results of patients (32 eyes) with central serous chorioretinopathy after laser exposure in the avascular area were analyzed. The best-corrected visual acuity in these patients before treatment was 0.7 to 1.0 (average 0.78±0.15) with a height of neuroepithelial detachment of 162 to 328 μm according to optical coherence tomography. No signs of choroidal neovascularization was detected in angio mode on optical coherence tomography. The treatment was performed with an Ellex Integre Pro Scan 561 nm. The follow-up examination was performed in 1 and 6 months.

Results. In 1 month, positive dynamics of both functional and anatomical parameters was noted in all eyes. According to the optical coherence tomography, a complete attachment of the neuroepithelium in the central zone of the retina occurred, detachment of the neuroepithelium was absent. Best-corrected visual acuity in 1 month after treatment increased to 0.89±0.08, in 6 months to 0.92±0.04. The study revealed a correlation between visual acuity and the central thickness of the retina in the fovea, there were no complaints about the appearance of scotomas after laser treatment in the foveola zone.

Conclusion. The developed techniqe of laser exposure on the foveola zone in case of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy with a 561 nm laser demonstrated high clinical efficacy and safety and can be recommended to all patients with central serous chorioretinopathy.
Effect of endocrine disrupting chemicals bisphenol A and triclosan on semen quality
Authors: Chigrinets S V , Bryukhin G V
Published: August 2019

Aim. To establish a relationship between the concentration of endocrine disruptors (bisphenol A, triclosan) in testicular tissues or seminal fluid and semen quality in men and experimental animals.

Methods. 53 samples of seminal fluid were investigated from men with normo- and pathozoospermia. In seminal fluid the level of bisphenol A and triclosan were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The spermiological study was carried out according to the World Health Organization guidelines (2010). The experimental part of the study was performed on adult male lab Wistar rats (n=28). The amount of spermatozoa per 1 ml of sperm was determined with the calculation of their motility and atypical forms. The concentration of bisphenol A and triclosan in the testicles was measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Results. Bisphenol A and triclosan were detected in 100 and 84.9% of the ejaculate samples with a median concentration of 0.15 (0.06–0.31) ng/ml and 0.13 (0.05–0.22) ng/ml, respectively. With the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, statistically significant correlation was found between the concentration of endocrine disruptors and ejaculate parameters: between bisphenol A and the total count of spermatozoa, their concentration, the proportion of progressively motile spermatozoa, the proportion of spermatozoa with normal morphology and degree of sperm DNA fragmentation. Triclosan concentration correlated with the proportion of spermatozoa with normal morphology and the degree of sperm DNA fragmentation. The experimental part of the study demonstrated that bisphenol A reduced the total number of spermatozoa with an increase in the proportion of atypical forms of spermatozoa and a violation of the proportion of fertile spermatozoa compared to the group of intact animals. Triclosan reduced the proportion of progressively motile spermatozoa.

Conclusion. Bisphenol A and triclosan have a negative effect on sperm quality in men and experimental animals.
Determination of felodipine in biological fluids
Authors: Kvachakhiya L L , Shormanov V K , Kononenko N S
Published: August 2019

Aim. Development of methods for the determination of felodipine in blood and plasma.

Methods. The study object was felodipine [3-ethyl-5-methyl-4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate]. The experiments were carried out on model mixtures of felodipine with blood and human blood plasma. Acetone was proposed as an isolating agent for the extraction of felodipine from biological fluids. To identify and quantify felodipine in extracts from blood and plasma, the methods of thin-layer chromatography, spectrophotometry and gas-liquid chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry were proposed.

Results. The possibility of using acetone as an isolating agent to extract felodipine from biological fluids is demonstrated. The optimal conditions for the extraction of felodipine with acetone were found to be achieved already at 2-fold infusion of a biological object with an isolating agent, if the mass ratio of isolating liquid and biological material at each infusion stage is at least 2:1, and the infusion time is at least 30 minutes. Optimal felodipine purification conditions were achieved in a macrocolumn (15×1 cm) of Silasorb S-18 sorbent of 30 μm with elution of the substance with the polar eluent acetonitrile-water (7:3). The methods of determining felodipine in the blood and plasma were developed. With the content of felodipine of 25 mg in 25 g of biological fluid, the developed methods allow determining 86.01–87.86% in blood and 95.64–96.18% of the substance in blood plasma. The values of the detection limit of felodipine in the blood and plasma by the developed methods are 200 μg/100 g and 150 μg/100 g, respectively.

Conclusion. Methods for the determination of felodipine in biological fluids were developed based on isolating with acetone and purification in the Silasorb S-18 sorbent column; use of these methods allows determining up to 87.86% of the analyte in the blood and up to 96.18% in the blood plasma.
Results of a comprehensive study of expert opinion and social hygienic aspects of doctors of draft boards of the subjects of the Russian Federation
Authors: Sogiyaynen A A
Published: August 2019

Aim. Examination of expert opinions and social and hygienic aspects of the activities of draft board doctors of the subjects of the Russian Federation.

Methods. The results of an anonymous continuous survey of medical specialists of the military-medical commissions of the military commissariats of the subjects of the Russian Federation (n=646) are presented, who directly conduct military-medical examination of the studied contingent.

Results. When interviewing experts, significant factors were found that affect the health of citizens of draft age and the quality of military medical expertise. Thus, experts assessed the state of health of modern young men as satisfactory in 84% of cases, and in 3.6% as unsatisfactory. 46.5% of medical specialists noted a positive trend in the level of moral and psychological training of the contingent. Over 14% of respondents noted a negative trend in the health status of young men of draft age over the past 5 years. 9.8% of specialists assess the level of treatment and preventive measures among persons of draft age as unsatisfactory, 25.3% of experts consider it necessary to expand the list of mandatory diagnostic studies when preparing citizens for military service. The reasons for the unsatisfactory work of the system for the prevention of diseases among citizens before being drafted for military service, according to medical specialists, are formalism in carrying out activities for the prevention of diseases, lack of subspecialists in health care organizations, especially in remote areas, and the elimination of adolescent service. The state of the regulatory framework governing the relationship of the parties during the medical provision of training and conscription to the military forces of the Russian Federation adversely affects the work of 43.6% of doctors.

Conclusion. An expert opinion of the medical specialists of the military medical commissions of the military commissariats indicates that the main reserves for improving the quality of measures to prepare citizens for military service are the expansion of diagnostic and treatment and prophylactic measures carried out before military conscription.
Clinical case of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis combined with laryngeal tuberculosis
Authors: Naumov A G , Boronin K A , Bokova K V , Zherebyat'eva N S , Zhukova E V , Konygina K S , Sukhova O A
Published: August 2019

Timely detection of tuberculosis among the population, both pulmonary and, especially, extrapulmonary, is a priority task of domestic and foreign health care. Often, extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis mask various other pathologies. For example, laryngeal tuberculosis may be masked as a malignant neoplasm or occur as a nonspecific lesion. The purpose of the article is to attract the attention of medical specialists to the problem of diagnosing tuberculosis on the example of a clinical case of a patient with combined pulmonary and laryngeal tuberculosis. In accordance with the obtained clinical, laboratory and instrumental data, we concluded that when patients are admitted to a non-specialized medical organization with complaints from the larynx (dysphonia, aphonia) or oropharyngeal organs (dysphagia), complete diagnostic minimum is required including chest X-ray, complete blood count, otolaryngology consultation and microbiological monitoring (sputum microscopy) for the purpose of integrated examination of the patient and further routing to antituberculous institution. An example is given of successful treatment of a patient with a combination of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (laryngeal tuberculosis) identified due to the presence of symptoms in the larynx.
Apocalipses narrativos, autorais e editoriais com Eric Novello
Authors: Novello Eric , Sá Melissa Cristina Silva de
Published: August 2019

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Fraseología y lexicografía: el tratamiento de la fraseología en los diccionarios bilingües generales italiano-español del siglo XX
Authors: Quiroga Munguía Paula
Published: August 2019

Los estudios dedicados al tratamiento de la fraseología en los diccionarios bilingües italiano/español son muy escasos, por no decir casi inexistentes. Sin embargo, en este trabajo tratamos los diversos problemas que plantean las UU.FF. a los lexicógrafos y cómo se han resuelto hasta ahora en los diccionarios bilingües italiano/español. Subrayamos la necesidad de mejorar el panorama lexicográfico italiano/español, pues hemos observado que debido a la proximidad tipológica y cultural de ambas lenguas, se cree que el uso del diccionario bilingüe es prácticamente innecesario. Creencia que, junto a otros factores, ha contribuido a que las obras publicadas hasta el momento hayan sido poco ambiciosas, como podemos notar con la lectura de este trabajo.
Boyd-Bowman, Peter (2003): Léxico Hispanoamericano (1493-1993), eds. Ray Harris-Northall y John Nitti, CD-ROM, Nueva York, Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies
Authors: Gago Jover Francisco
Published: August 2019

Reseña: Boyd-Bowman, Peter (2003): Léxico Hispanoamericano (1493-1993), eds. Ray Harris-Northall y John Nitti, CD-ROM, Nueva York, Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies.
Steven N. Dworkin y Francisco Gago Jover (2004): Lexical Studies of Medieval Spanish Texts. An On-line Bibliography of Concordances, Glossaries, Vocabularies and Selected Word Studies, Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies
Authors: Córdoba Rodríguez Félix
Published: August 2019

Reseña: Steven N. Dworkin y Francisco Gago Jover (2004): Lexical Studies of Medieval Spanish Texts. An On-line Bibliography 01 Concordances, Glossaries, Vocabularies and Selected Word Studies, Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies (en línea en http://college.holycros.edu/lacoronica/lsmst/ [23.06.2004]).
Sanda Reinheimer Ripeanu (2004): Les emprunts latins dans les langues romanes, Bucarest, Editura Universitatii din Bucureti
Authors: Prat Sabater Marta
Published: August 2019

Reseña de libro: Sanda Reinheimer Ripeanu (2004): Les emprunts latins dans les langues romanes, Bucarest, Editura Universitatii din Bucureti.
Hubungan intensitas pemakaian gawai dengan neck pain pada usia 15-20 tahun
Authors: Yustianti Yuni Tri , Pusparini Pusparini
Published: August 2019

LATAR BELAKANG
Dekade terakhir menunjukkan neck pain pada remaja semakin meningkat, bersamaan dengan meningkatnya penggunaan gawai (gadget). Seiring perkembangan zaman, gawai menjadi kebutuhan dan gaya hidup masyarakat luas. Pelajar menjadi pasar terbesar dalam penggunaan gawai sehubungan dengan kebutuhan belajar yang memerlukan akses Internet. Salah satu faktor penyebab neck pain pada pengguna gawai adalah intensitas penggunaan gawai yang mempengaruhi lamanya posisi fleksi pada otot leher. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan intensitas pemakaian gawai dengan neck pain pada usia 15-20 tahun.
METODE
Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional dengan desain cross sectional yang mengikutsertakan 164 pelajar SMAN 28 Jakarta dan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Trisakti. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara pengisian kuesioner yang meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, intensitas pemakaian gawai dan keluhan neck pain. Penilaian neck pain menggunakan NRS (Numeric Rating Scale). Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Chi-square dengan tingkat kemaknaan p<0.05.
HASIL
Subjek perempuan berjumlah 121 orang (73.8%). Paparan gawai dengan intensitas >56 jam/minggu dijumpai pada 109 subjek (66.5%). Keluhan neck pain dijumpai pada 138 subjek (84.1%). Uji Chi-square menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara intensitas penggunaan gawai dengan neck pain pada usia 15-20 tahun dengan nilai p=0.004.
KESIMPULAN
Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara intensitas penggunaan gawai dengan neck pain pada usia 15-20 tahun.
A retrospective study on prevalence, bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of urinary tract infection in children of 2-12 years age in a tertiary care centre, Puducherry, India
Authors: Angamuthu Dharmalingam , Bhaskar Chandru , Aswathaman Nalini
Published: August 2019

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common cause of acute bacterial illness in infants and children(1).Diagnosis is often missed in infants and children as urinary symptoms are minimal and nonspecific. It is becoming increasingly difficult to treat due to increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among organisms.Method: It was done as a retrospective cross sectional study conducted on Children of 2-12 years of age suspected to have UTI  from January 2018 to December 2018 in Pediatric Department of AVMCH.Results: Out of 286 children with symptoms suggestive of Urinary tract infection, 22(7.7%) were found to have culture positive UTI with 9.2% prevalence in 2-6 years age group as against 6.4% in 7-12 years of age group. Culture positive UTI was predominantly found in males in 2-6 years age group as against female predominance in 7-12 years age group. E. coli (45.5%) was the commonest organism isolated among them followed by Klebsiella. 90% of organisms were sensitive to Nitrofurantoin  and 80% were sensitive to Amikacin(80%).Discussion: Culture positive UTI  rate varies with gender and age group. It was predominantly found in males in 2-6 years age group as against female predominance in 7-12 years age group. E. coli and Klebsieella were the most common organisms with predominant sensitivity to Nitrofurantoin and Amikacin similar to other studies. Limitation of this study Retrospective study, small sample size and follow up for complications not done.Conclusion: This study concludes E. coli and Klebsieella were the most common organisms with predominant sensitivity to Nitrofurantoin and Amikacin. Antibiotics need to be selected based on organisms and their sensitivity pattern.
Physiological characteristics of cloned cacao trees treated with nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Ferreira Kalline Mendes , Mesquita Alessandro Carlos , Souza Vanuza De , Da Silva Juliana Leite , Sodré Rocha Daniel Nunes
Published: August 2019

Cacao is native to the Amazon rainforest and has adapted well to the climate and soils of southern Bahia. The potential expansion of cacao farming to non-traditional areas could generate foreign exchange for the country by reducing imports or even allowing the country to return to the role of cocoa bean exporter. It is known that nitrogen fertilization is essential for cacao cultivation, due to its high demand for this nutrient. Accordingly, the influence of fertilization of two nitrogen sources (urea and calcium nitrate), on total soluble protein (PTN), total soluble sugars (AST), reducing sugars (RA), sucrose, Nitrate Reductase enzyme (NR) activity and chlorophyll indexes of cloned cacao in the Lower São Francisco Valley were investigated. The experimental format was a randomized complete block design, in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, the first factor being five cacao clones (PH-16, CCN-51, PS-1319, CCN-10 and TSH-1188), and the second factor, two sources of nitrogen (calcium nitrate and urea), with three replicates. The different nitrogen sources presented different behavior in relation to the physiological characteristics of the clones evaluated. Regardless of the nitrogen source, the nitrate reductase enzyme showed greater levels of translation activity in cacao leaf than in root tissue.
Production and characterization of mixed pineapple and hibiscus jam
Authors: De Vilela Silva Eugênia Telis , Moura Henrique Valentim , Feitosa de Figueiredo Rossana Maria , De Melo Queiroz Alexandre Jose , Santos Moreira Inácia Dos
Published: August 2019

Pineapple is a food rich in vitamins, antioxidants and bromelain, but because it has high water content it becomes a highly perishable fruit. Hibiscus is a plant with flowers rich in phytochemicals that can be used as an ingredient to add value to processed products. The objective of this work was to prepare mixed jams using pineapple with hibiscus extract at different concentrations and to characterize the physicochemical properties

of the jams produced. Experimental design was completely randomized with four replicates. The treatments consisted of three concentration levels of hibiscus extract (5, 10 and 15%) in pineapple jelly (50:50). Analyzed physical-chemical characteristics were: water content, water activity, ash, lipids, total sugars, reducing and non-reducing sugars, vitamin C, total titratable acidity, pH and total soluble solids. It was found that increasing

concentrations of hibiscus in the formulations significantly influenced resulting jam composition. Increasing hibiscus concentration reduced the total sugars content and increased ascorbic acid content, acidity, total soluble solids and ash, as well as total anthocyanins and flavonoids contents. Among the jams produced, the formulation with 15% hibiscus was distinguished by its high content of ascorbic acid, flavonoids and anthocyanins. The addition of hibiscus to pineapple jelly improves the nutritional and functional value of the resulting jams, so it can be considered a high potential ingredient for this type of product.
Dobra osobiste i ich ochrona na gruncie Kodeksu cywilnego
Authors: Batory Weronika
Published: August 2019

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przybliżenie czytelnikowi problematyki dotyczącej ochrony dóbr osobistych zawartej w przepisach Kodeksu cywilnego. Praca prezentuje kształtowanie się instytucji ochrony dóbr osobistych na tle historycznym. Głównym przedmiotem badań jest analiza aktualnych przepisów prawa cywilnego odnoszących się do istoty pojęcia dobra osobistego oraz do roszczeń, jakie przysługują poszkodowanemu w przypadku ich naruszenia. W polskim ustawodawstwie nie występuje jedna definicja dobra osobistego, skutkiem czego pojęcie dobra osobistego wypracowane zostało przez przedstawicieli doktryny oraz orzecznictwo sądów. Dobra osobiste człowieka są jego prawami podmiotowymi, skutecznymi erga omnes. Ochrona dóbr występująca w Kodeksie cywilnym przysługuje w momencie zaistnienia bezprawnego zagrożenia ich naruszenia. W wyniku całościowej analizy powyższych zagadnień, postulatem autora jest wprowadzenie ogólnej definicji pojęcia dobra osobistego.
Dagome iudex jako prototyp konkordatów
Authors: Burczak Krzysztof
Published: August 2019

Reforma Kościoła przeprowadzona w XI w. przez papieża Grzegorza VII (1073-1085) doprowadziła do podniesienia poziomu życia religijnego i dyscyplinarnego. Współpracujący z papieżem w dziele reformy kardynał Deusdedit sporządził Collectio canonum. W dziele tym, w którym zamieścił dokumenty poświadczające terytoria oddane w protektorat Stolicy Apostolskiej, znalazł się regest dokumentu nazwanego od imienia władcy Dagome iudex. Jest to dokument poświadczający oddanie przez Mieszka I państwa polskiego w protektorat Stolicy Apostolskiej. Nakreślone w dokumencie granice państwa, od Morza Bałtyckiego do Prus, na wschodzie Ruś, na południu Morawy, na zachodzie Odra, stanowią historyczny opis piastowskich ziem. Czynność prawna określona w dokumencie przez słowo „contulisse” (przekazać) polegała na przekazaniu państwa polskiego Stolicy Apostolskiej. Za to, państwo polskie zostało przyjęte w protekcję. Spowodowało to nawiązanie pomiędzy państwem polskim i Stolicą Apostolską określonego stosunku prawnego. Protekcja Stolicy Apostolskiej stanowiła moralną ochronę przed jakimkolwiek atakiem państw na terytorium państwa polskiego. Ten akt prawny pociągał za sobą obowiązek płacenia trybutu na rzecz Stolicy Apostolskiej. Celem politycznym decyzji Mieszka I było zabezpieczenie państwa przed atakami państw sąsiednich. Celem dalekosiężnym w obszarze stosunków kościelnych, było umożliwienie budowy własnych struktur kościelnych. Poprzez ten akt prawny Polska weszła w obszar stosunków polityczno-kościelno-prawnych ze Stolicą Apostolską. Dokument Dagome iudex można więc widzieć jako prototyp przyszłych konkordatów, które regulują relacje pomiędzy państwami i Stolicą Apostolską, jak też relacje pomiędzy państwem i Kościołem w danym państwie.
Status prawny dziecka w niemieckim ustawodawstwie w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie (1939-1945)
Authors: Wrzyszcz Andrzej , Mielnik Hubert
Published: August 2019

Przedmiotem artykuły jest analiza statusu prawnego dziecka w niemieckim ustawodawstwie w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie. Autorzy przedstawiają status dziecka na gruncie różnych aktów prawnych wprowadzonych przez niemieckich okupantów w poszczególnych gałęziach prawa. Ochronne funkcje prawa względem dziecka zostały praktycznie w całości złamane w ustawodawstwie niemieckim w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie. Prawodawcy w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie nie prowadzili zaplanowanej i usystematyzowanej działalności ustawodawczej względem dzieci. Wprowadzone przez niemieckich okupantów przepisy dotyczące dzieci odzwierciedlały jednak najważniejsze cele polityki nazistowskiej. W przepisach dotyczących dzieci w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie widoczne są wszystkie cechy prawa nazistowskiego: rasizm, pogwałcenie podstawowych zasad słuszności i sprawiedliwości. Autorzy analizują w artykule wyłącznie sferę normatywną, pomijając działania podejmowane poza sferą normatywną.
Zadania obrońcy węzła w procesie o nieważność małżeństwa
Authors: Kovářová Kochová Ingrid
Published: August 2019

Artykuł dotyczy statusu obrońcy węzła w procesie o stwierdzenie nieważności małżeństwa po reformie procesu małżeńskiego papieża Franciszka na mocy Mitis Iudex Dominus Iesus. W artykule zwrócono uwagę na zadania obrońcy węzła we wszystkich etapach postępowania. Jego głównym zadaniem w procesie jest zebranie wszystkich argumentów na korzyść ważności małżeństwa.
The association of Q472H variant in the KDR gene with recurrent pregnancy loss in Southern Iran: A case-control study
Authors: Keshavarz Leila , Yavarian Majid
Published: August 2019

Background: Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) often remains unclear and can be burden for the patient and time consuming for clinician. RSA may initiates from a genetic or non-genetic factors. It is well known that the quality of placental circulation is critical for implantation and embryo development. Because of angiogenic effects of VEGF–KDR pathway on placenta, the genes involved in this pathway (the KDR or VEGFR genes) are thought to be linked with RSA.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Gln472His (A/T) polymorphism of the KDR gene with RSAs in southern Iran.
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 50 aborted embryonic tissue obtained from fetuses and 50 umbilical cord blood of newborn babies were studied. Fetal sample from mothers with history of at least two consecutive miscarriages and controls from mothers who had at least one full-term infants born were taken. Genomic DNA was extracted by using PureLink genomic DNA kit (Life Technologies, CA). The Rotor-Gene Q real-Time PCR machine and High-resolution melting curve analysis (HRM) technique were used for genotyping.
Results: Based on the AA genotype as reference, it is shown that the T allele (OR = 2.447, 95% CI = 1.095–5.468, p = 0.029) as well as AT heterozygote genotype was significantly associated with an increased risk of miscarriage (OR = 2.824, 95% CI = 1.210-6.673, p = 0.016).
Conclusion: A positive correlation between Q472H polymorphism of the KDR gene and RSA may be the cause in southern Iran.