bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alsevirone-NF Reduces Serum Testosterone and Inhibits Prostate Cancer Xenograft Growth in Balb/c Nude Mice
Authors: Pokrovsky Vadim S. , Zolottsev Vladimir A. , Latysheva Alexandra S. , Kudinov Vasiliy A. , Anisimova Natalia Yu , Almanza R.L.M. , Alekseeva Olga Yu , Baskaev Konstantin K. , Smirnova Galina B. , Borisova Yulia A. , Ipatova Olga M.
Published: May 2020

Background:

The goal of this study was to evaluate the anticancer and testosteroneinhibitory
effects of 2‘-[(E) androst-5-en-17-ylidene]methyl-4‘,5‘-dihydro-1‘,3‘-oxazole-3β-oleate
(Alsevirone-NF).

Materials and Methods:

PC-3, DU-145, LnCap and 22rv1 prostate cancer cell lines were used for
MTT assay. 22rv1 subcutaneous cancer xenografts in Balb/c nude mice were used for in vivo efficacy
experiments. Testosterone level was determined after repeated administration of Abiraterone 20, 100
or 200 mg/kg vs Alsevirone-NF 5, 25 or 50 mg/kg daily for 14 days.

Results:

Alsevirone-NF induced more significant cytotoxicity against PC3, 22rv1 and DU-145 cell
lines compared to Abiraterone or Alsevirone-treated control: IC50 7.1 vs 20.6 vs 29.1 μg/ml, 7.7 vs
20.0 vs 12.7 μg/ml, 3.8 vs 43.4 vs 8.5 μg/ml, respectively. IC50 in LnCap cells was almost equal for
all three studied agents, 29.2 vs 26.2 vs 30.2 μg/ml for Abiraterone, Alsevirone and Alsevirone-NF. In
gonadectomized mice, significant reduction of testosterone level was observed in mice receiving
Alsevirone-NF in a maximum single dose of 50 mg/kg (cumulative dose 700 mg/kg): 0.2 nmol/l vs
0.57 nmol/l in control group and 0.83 nmol/l in Abiraterone group, single dose 100 mg/kg. Statistically
significant anticancer effect in vivo was obtained on day 11 after the start of treatment: Abiraterone
T/C = 27% (p<0.05), Alsevirone-NF single dose 1200 mg/kg Т/С = 45% (p<0.05).

Conclusion:

Alsevirone-NF exhibited higher cytotoxic activity, comparable anticancer effect in
22rv1-bearing Balb/c nude mice and provided a more significant reduction of testosterone level in
gonadectomized mice in direct comparison against Abiraterone.
Universidad de Alcalá. 40 aniversario restaurando el patrimonio universitario desde 1977
Authors: Marquina Pinedo Miguel
Published: May 2020

Desde la Edad Media, los centros universitarios han surgido en el seno de las ciudades históricas de Europa, dejando su impronta no solo en la estructura urbana sino también en el imaginario colectivo. En conjunto con la arquitectura de los poderes eclesiásticos, institucionales y edificios públicos, conforman un paisaje urbano de gran calidad, entrelazando la vida universitaria y la vida ciudadana durante siglos de simbiosis cultural. De esta manera, los efectos de la función universitaria en las urbes las convierten en verdaderas «ciudades universitarias», como Oxford, Lovaina, Rennes, Salamanca, Alcalá de Henares, entre otras.
Planificación de Centros Históricos: Análisis de casos con enfoque de Paisaje Urbano Histórico
Authors: Pacheco Ponce Diego Armando
Published: May 2020

Una clara percepción de la relación entre los Centros Históricos y la ciudad es vital para determinar el proceso de planificación. La gestión de los valores y atributos del Centro Histórico son un constan- te desafío que debe ser afrontado de la mejor manera con la participación ciudadana en el marco de una planificación estratégica. La presente investigación tiene por objetivo analizar la planificación de centros históricos, a través de dos experiencias latinoamericanas donde se ha aplicado el enfo- que de Paisaje Urbano Histórico (PUH). Los casos corresponden al Centro Histórico de Lima-Perú y al Centro Histórico de Cuenca-Ecuador. Si bien este enfoque, fomentado por la Unesco desde el año 2011, es controversial y discutible entre los expertos en la materia, se considera necesario e importante conocer cómo se viene implementando esta nueva herramienta para la planificación de centros históricos y los resultados que está generando
Testiculaire aandoening van seksuele differentiatie (78,XX SRY-negatief) bij een vrouwelijke Franse buldog
Authors: Van Cleven A. , Wydooghe E. , Van Brantegem L. , Szczerbal I. , Stachowiak M. , Switonski M. , de Rooster H.
Published: May 2020

Een tien maanden oude, vermeend vrouwelijke, intacte Franse buldog werd op de Faculteit Diergeneeskunde te Merelbeke (UGent) aangeboden met een vergrote clitoris en purulente vaginale uitvloei. Als therapie werd voorgesteld om de vergrote clitoris te verwijderen om verdere irritatie te vermijden en tegelijkertijd een gonadectomie uit te voeren aangezien de eigenaars geen fokplannen hadden. Intraoperatief werd een afwijkende genitaaltractus vastgesteld, waarbij macroscopisch een normaal uitziende baarmoeder aanwezig was maar waarbij de gonaden testes leken in plaats van ovaria. Histologisch onderzoek van het verwijderde weefsel toonde aan dat het inderdaad over bilaterale testes aansluitend op een normale baarmoeder ging. Karyotypering en de moleculaire analyse van het SRY-gen resulteerden in een 78,XX SRY-negatief karyotype. Bij de Franse buldog werd bijgevolg finaal een 78,XX SRY-negatief testiculaire aandoening van seksuele differentiatie, i.e. “disorder of sex development” (DSD) gediagnosticeerd.
Multipele dermoïd sinuscysten op de kop van een dwergschnauzer
Authors: Buijtels D. , Van Goethem B. , De Cock H. , de Rooster H. , Vandenabeele S.
Published: May 2020

Een één jaar en negen maanden oude, gesteriliseerde dwergschnauzer werd aangeboden met een huidletsel tussen de wenkbrauwen. Er waren multipele papels aanwezig bij de geboorte en op latere leeftijd verschenen kleine fistelgangen met protrusie van haarbundeltjes. Een lokale antibioticumbehandeling en het epileren van deze haartjes door de eigen dierenarts brachten geen oplossing. Een vermoedelijke diagnose van multipele dermoïd sinuscysten werd gesteld. De hond werd doorgestuurd naar de Faculteit Diergeneeskunde (UGent) en de huidletsels werden chirurgisch verwijderd. Het histopathologisch onderzoek bevestigde de diagnose van multipele dermoïd sinuscysten, het gevolg van een onvolledige splitsing tussen huid en neurale buis tijdens de embryogenese. Afhankelijk van de diepte van de tubulaire dermale invaginaties en de locatie worden verschillende types beschreven. Dit is de derde beschrijving in de literatuur van dermoïd sinuscysten op de kop bij een hond.
Cosmetische rostrale neusreconstructie na plaveiselcelcarcinoomresectie bij twee honden
Authors: Lippens S. , Van Goethem B. , Gielen I. , Polis I. , de Rooster H.
Published: May 2020

Twee mannelijke golden retrievers van ongeveer tien jaar oud werden aangeboden met een zichtbare massa in de neus, niesden en vertoonden epistaxis. Uit histologisch onderzoek na bioptname bleek dat het bij beide honden om een plaveiselcelcarcinoom ging. Bij verdere stagering waren er geen aanwijzingen voor metastasen. Chirurgische wegname van de tumor door middel van een planectomie of nosectomie werd voorgesteld. Omdat de klassieke excisie van de neusspiegel voor deze eigenaars cosmetisch onaanvaardbaar was, werd bij beide honden gekozen voor een rostrale neusreconstructie. Bij de eerste hond bevond de tumor zich aan de oppervlakte, waardoor resectie van het kraakbenig deel van de neus voldoende was en een planectomie werd uitgevoerd. Bij de tweede hond daarentegen was er tevens botaantasting, waardoor niet alleen de neus, maar ook het os incisiva werd verwijderd (nosectomie). Bij beide honden werd een remissie van de tumor verkregen na een follow-up van respectievelijk 35 en 29 maanden, met tegelijkertijd een uitstekend cosmetisch resultaat.
Het gelijktijdig voorkomen van een plaveiselcelcarcinoom en hemangiosarcoom in de cornea bij een kat
Authors: Storms G. , Naranjo C. , Grauwels M.
Published: May 2020

Een veertien jaar oude, vrouwelijke, gesteriliseerde huiskat werd aangeboden omwille van een uitgesproken donker roodverkleuring van de cornea van het linkeroog. Het oog vertoonde eveneens trichiasis van het bovenooglid, entropion van het onderooglid en een uitgesproken symblefaron. Het rechteroog vertoonde trichiasis van het bovenooglid, entropion van het onderooglid, een uitgesproken symblefaron en chronische stromale en ulceratieve keratitis. Aan de hand van een biopsie van de cornea van het linkeroog werd een plaveiselcelcarcinoom gediagnosticeerd en het linkeroog werd vervolgens weggenomen. Histologisch onderzoek van de cornea toonde met bloed gevulde kanaalvormige structuren van verschillende grootte, die op bloedvaten geleken en afgelijnd waren door spindelvormige cellen. In het centrale deel van de cornea was een uitgesproken hyperplastisch epitheel aanwezig met infiltratie van atypische cornea-epitheelcellen in het oppervlakkige stroma. Zowel een primair hemangiosarcoom als een primair plaveiselcelcarcinoom in de cornea werd gediagnosticeerd. In deze casuïstiek wordt het zeldzame voorkomen van meerdere primaire tumoren in dezelfde anatomische structuur beschreven.
Latex-casting of vessels relevant during vaginectomy in bitches
Authors: De Vlam M. , Pil S. , Schlake A. , De Rooster H.
Published: May 2020

Vaginectomy is an infrequently performed invasive surgery to control vaginal disorders in bitches. Indications for vaginectomy include vaginal tumors (leiomyoma, fibroleiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma), polyps and vaginal prolapse. The surgical technique is a two-step procedure and consists of an extended laparotomy approach with caudal ovariohysterectomy followed by an episiotomy approach with removal and reconstruction of the vaginal wall. Although the surgery itself is invasive, the combined approach results in a favorable outcome with an apparently low risk of intra- and postoperative complications. During vaginectomy, traction is placed on the vagina and its supplying blood vessels via the episiotomy site. By means of a post-mortem study of five dogs, it was investigated if this traction resulted in damage or rupture of the supplying vessels. In this study, it was demonstrated that the uterine branch of the vaginal artery and the caudal vesical artery rupture during the traction phase of a vaginectomy via the episiotomy site. Rupture of these vessels might result in insufficient perfusion of the bladder and extensive intraabdominal and -pelvic bleeding.
Исследование пространственной и токовой динамики оптических потерь в полупроводниковых лазерных гетероструктурах методом оптического зондирования
Authors: Гаврина П.С. , Соболева О.С. , Подоскин А.А. , Казакова А.Е. , Капитонов В.А. , Слипченко С.О. , Пихтин Н.А.
Published: May 2020

The spatiotemporal dynamics of optical losses and carrier density in a heterostructure of a semiconductor laser with a segmented contact were studied using an optical probe technique based on the coupling of probe radiation with a wavelength of 1560 nm into a semiconductor laser chip under investigation based on an AlGaAs/ InGaAs/ GaAs heterostructure and emitting at a wavelength of 1010 nm. It has been shown that the use of a probe beam with a wavelength of 1560 nm makes it possible to ensure the sensitivity of the measurement of internal optical losses of no worse than 1 cm-1. The use of a segmented design of the current pumping region made it possible to estimate the absolute value of internal optical losses. It was shown that a change in the configuration of the Fabry-Perot eigenmodes of the laser affects the distribution of charge carriers and internal optical losses both in the current pump region and in the passive part of the laser chip that is not pumped by the current.
The Food of Birds
Authors: Forbes Stephen A.
Published: May 2020

The primary purpose of this investigation is the determination of the exact relation of the different species of birds, and of the class in general, to agriculture and horticulture, but includes also birds whose interest is strictly scientific rather than practical, and takes into consideration injuries and benefits of birds. Emphasizes the relationship between birds and insects.
Notes on North American Diptera, with Descriptions of New Species in the Collection of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History
Authors: Malloch J. R.
Published: May 2020

In the course of my work of identifying and arranging the Diptera in the collection of the State Laboratory of Natural History I have found several which belong to apparently undescribed species. I have in many cases given to these forms manuscript names, and as certain of the species may figure in the publications of the Laboratory, or in those of the State Entomologist, it is deemed advisable to publish descriptions of these species so as to validate the names under which they stand in the collection. The types of the new species herein described are all in the collection of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History.
The Reactions nd resistance of Fishes to Carbon Dioxide and Carbon Monoxide
Authors: Wells Morris
Published: May 2020

Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are both present in the waste that is diverted into natural waters by many works where illuminating gas is manufactured and, since the waste as a whole is known to be exceedingly poisonous to aquatic organisms, the role played in its toxic action by the two gases in question was investigated at the time that the many other organic substances of which the waste is composed were studied by Shelford. The investigation has shown that both of the gases are poisonous to fresh-water fishes even when present in the water in relatively small proportions, but the monoxide has been found to be by far the more deadly of the two.
A Preliminary Classification of Diptera, Exclusive of Pupipara, Based Upon Larval and Pupal Characters, with Keys to Imagines in Certain Families
Authors: Malloch John
Published: May 2020

It is not with the intention of assisting the narrow specialist that this paper is written ; the purpose is to enable the observant student of nature and the economic entomologist to recognize those formsthat often come to their notice and thus obviate the frequent delays and discouragements in obtaining information through other channels.
The Zygoptera, or Damsel-flies, of Illinois
Authors: Garman Philip
Published: May 2020

It is with a view to clearing up some of the obscure features of the classification and lessening the labor of determination that nymphs and adults, including both sexes, have been considered together and tables prepared for the separation of both.

All obtainable biological data have been added for the sake of completeness; but it is fully realized that the data given here are incomplete, and can only be made complete after many years of diligent study.

Nymphs of several species which are apparently new have been reared in the course of the study and are described herein for the first time. Some of the remaining species which doubtless occur in Illinois but which have not been collected by the writer, have been obtained through the courtesy of various people, and the list has been completed as far as possible in this way.
Contributions to a Knowledge of the Natural Enemies of Phyllophaga
Authors: Davis John
Published: May 2020

Although this paper is intended primarily to present the known facts relative to the individual enemies of Phyllophaga, it seems desirable briefly to note some of the relations existing between the many parasites, hyperparasites, and predators, and their hosts.
The Pentatomoidea of Illinois with Keys to the Nearctic Genera
Authors: Hart Charles
Published: May 2020

In the arrangement of my keys I have tried to show the natural grouping and succession, because I believe that an artificial grouping, although apparently simpler, often obscures or suppresses the more difficult yet essential points of difference, and is of little value in the extension of knowledge.
The Helminthosporium Foot-rot of Wheat, with Observations on the Occurrence of Saltation in the Genus
Authors: Stevens F. L.
Published: May 2020

One purpose of the present paper is to present the evidence on which the foregoing conclusion is based and certain facts concerning the morphology and parasitism of the fungus; but far transcending in interest the disease itself- which now appears to be one of much less alarming nature than was at first feared- is the fact that very striking phenomena of variability are found in this and related fungi. In the following pages, therefore, appear (I) an account of the Illinois foot-rot of wheat and its causal fungus; and (II) evidence and discussion of the occurrence of saltation within the genus Helminthosporium.
On the Numbers and Local Distribution of Illinois Land Birds of the Open Country in Winter, Spring, and Fall
Authors: Forbes Stephen , Gross Alfred
Published: May 2020

Is has been our general plan to work at first with broad strokes of the full brush, refining upon our neutral background by degrees and endings, as we hope to do in a paper following the present one, with the final details for each species taken up separately and followed all over the state and around the year.  This one time more, however, we must resume our method of blocking in the skeletal outlines and the basal features of the local ornithology, as intelligently as we can with somewhat inadequate materials, leaving it to others to give life and finish to the sketch.
Codling-moth Investigations of the State Entomologist's Office
Authors: Glenn P. A.
Published: May 2020

To secure accurate data in regard to the life history and the seasonal history of the codling-moth in Illinois, and the relation of climatic conditions to the rate of development and the time of appearance of the various stages of the insect, an investigation was begun in the spring of 1915 under the direction of Doctor S. A. Forbes, then State Entomologist.
First Report on a Forestry Survey of Illinois
Authors: Miller Robert
Published: May 2020

The forest area in Illinois to which this report applies is bounded by the Mississippi River on the west and the thrid principal meridian on the east, and extends in a north and south direction from Thebes, in Alexander county, to Chester, in Randolph county. It comprises all of Jackson county and portions of Union, Alexander, Pulaski, and Randolph counties, a total of 697,286 acres. It forms the western part of the Ozark highlands of southern Illinois (Colyer, '22), a region which extends across the state for 75 miles, with an average width of about 25 miles, from the mouth of the Big Muddy on the Mississippi to Shawneetown on the Ohio.
Epidemic Diseases of Grain Crops in Illinois, 1922-1926
Authors: Tehon L. R.
Published: May 2020

The detailed account given in these pages of the means used to measure diseases, of the methods by which the data are analysed, and of the results obtained, is confined to the diseases of cereals. It is presented, not merely because it follows so directly the task accomplished by the first report, nor yet because it represents the first intimate and extensive study of crop diseases growing naturally in Illinois fields, but especially because it will enable the grower of crops to understand, better than heever has, the destructive effect of diseases which he all too often ignores.
Some Properties of Oil Emulsions Influencing Insecticidal Efficiency
Authors: English L. L.
Published: May 2020

It is very difficult to isolate any one property of an emulsion and determine separately its action on insects. The physical and chemical properties of the oil, the kind and amount of emulsifying agent, and the stability of the emulsion are all so closely interlocked that one property usually cannot be varied without changing the others. There is good reason for believing that no two emulsions—and, very likely, no two lots of an emulsion made by the same formula—are exactly alike.
Fall and Winter Stoneflies, or Plecoptera, of Illinois
Authors: Frison Theodore
Published: May 2020

In this paper are presented the results of an investigation of the biological and systematical characteristics of live genera, comprising eleven species, of the little-known fall and winter stoneflies occurring in Illinois. It has been found that these species differ biologically from one another in respect to their seasonal adjustments, the habitats they prefer, oviposition, and in many other details of their life histories. In opposition to general ideas concerning the food habits of the order as a whole, the adults as well as the nymphs were found to be herbivorous.
The Food of Illinois Fishes
Authors: Forbes Stephen A.
Published: May 2020

But little has been written on the food of the fresh water fishes of this country, and nothing whatever, so far as I can learn, on the food of the fishes of of this state. The importance of the subject, both to the scientific student and to the practical fish breeder, seems to warrant more systematic work ; and a methodical investigation has therefore been begun at the State Laboratory, the first results of which are given in the following memoranda.
On the Food of Young Fishes
Authors: Forbes Stephen A.
Published: May 2020

It was early apparent, in the course of the investigation, that the food of many fishes differs greatly according to age; and it was soon found that the life of most of our fishes divides into at least two periods, and of many into three, with respect tot he kinds of food chiefly taken. Further, in the first of these periods a remarkable similarity of food was noticed among species and families who later food-habits are widely different.:
Notes on Insectivorous Coleoptera
Authors: Forbes Stephen A.
Published: May 2020

Reports on food of Illinois Carabidae from microscopic examination of stomach contents.
Parasitic Fungi of Illinois
Authors: Burrill T. J. , Earle F. S.
Published: May 2020

The very abundant mycelium consists of numerous slender, white or colorless, septate threads, that branch widely, and extend over the leaf in every direction, frequently crossing and interlacing. These threads are usually pressed close to the host, but they do not themselves enter it. They send out at intervals, however, short special branches called haustoria, that penetrate the epidermal cells, serving for the secure attachment of the fungus, and probably also for its nourishment. These haustoria present several forms, and they are of some importance in the classification of the species. In some cases the haustorium simply consists of a slender tube which penetrates the epidermal cell of the host, within which it swells to an oval or club-shaped sac, filled with granular protoplasm. More often there is an external appendage or sucker, that is pressed close to the surface of the epidermal cell; and from this, or from near it on the mycelial thread, the haustorium proper takes its rise and penetrates the epidermis. This external appendage may be smooth and entire, merely constituting a hemispherical swelling on the mycelial thread; or, it may take the form of a flattened disk with an indented margin. In the latter case they are said to be "lobed," in the former, "not lobed."
A Survey of the Fishery of the Kaskaskia River
Authors: Luce Wilbur
Published: May 2020

In this paper the fishes of the Kaskaskia have been taken up one by one and in the case of the larger and better known kinds points of interest and usefulness have been discussed, while the smaller, rarer and less important kinds are only mentioned. In the course of this survey quantitative collections were made of the small bottom animals which are the most important constituents of the food of all kinds of larger fishes.
Responses of the Large-mouth Black Bass to Colors
Authors: Brown Frank
Published: May 2020

Thirty-one specimens of the largemouth black bass, Aplites salmoides(Laceepde), have been trained to respond positively to pipettes of one color and to give negative responses to pipettes of other colors. The results of this experiment indicate that the fish are able to distinguish among colors in about the same manner as would a human being with perfectly normal color vision looking through a yellowish filter.
Descriptions of Nearctic Caddis Flies (Trichoptera)
Authors: Frison T. H.
Published: May 2020

This paper, describing new species of caddis flies from Illinois and other localities in North America, is the initial report on a project of the Illinois Natural History Survey pertaining to these aquatic insects.
Preferential Rating of Duck Food Plants
Authors: Bellrose Frank C. , Anderson Harry G.
Published: May 2020

An intensive study of the occurrence and use of duck food plants in the Illinois River valley was conducted 1938-1940. A preliminary report covering the results of the 1938 investigation was issued (Bellrose and Anderson, 1940). Altered water levels in 1939 and 1940 greatly changed the food resources of many bottomland lakes through the development of extensive communities of moist-soil plants.  This paper summarizes the data for 1938-1940.
The Prairie Chicken in Illinois
Authors: Yeatter Ralph E.
Published: May 2020

The present report summarizes a study of the biology and management of the greater prairie chicken in Illinois, a study begun in 1935 by members of the Section of Game Research and Management of the Illinois Natural History Survey. The summers of 1935 and 1936 were spent in full-time field work in southeastern Illinois. Since that time, supplemental studies of prairie chicken habits, requirements and distribution have been continued in various parts of the state. Annuallysince 1935, spring and fall censuses have been made on 4 square miles of prairie chicken range in Jasper County used as a study area. The present report includes data on earlv distribution, present range, life history, populations, mortality causes, food habits and management of the prairie chicken in Illinois.
Characteristics of Residual Insecticides Toxic to the House Fly
Authors: Bruce Willis N.
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study was to obtain pertinent information about the residual insecticidal value of chlorinated hydrocarbons applied to various surfaces that had been exposed to different field conditions. The investigations conducted in 1943 at Orlando, Florida, by Lindquist et al. (1944) showed DDT to possess a high degree of residual toxicity to the house fly. They also showed a difference in toxicity of DDT when applied to painted and to unpainted wood. The need for the study reported here became apparent to the author when certain of his field applications of residual toxicants failed to effect adequate insect control. The results of this study, it is hoped, may serve as a guide to persons who are seeking to control insects through applications of residual insecticides and who are concerned with residues on plants.  DDT was the most persistent insecticide tested. The residual toxicity of DDT emulsions was better indoors on porous surfaces, such as wood, brick, and Cellutex, than on glass and galvanized iron. Out of doors, residues were more persistent on the nonporous glass and galvanized iron panels.  In a study on newer insecticides, 1'4 and 497 on wood and glass produced residues of significant longevity with high toxicity. Other materials tested were less persistent.
Effect of Permanent Flooding in a River-Bottom Timber Area
Authors: Yeager Lee E.
Published: May 2020

The objective of the study on whicii the present report is based was to determine the rate of flooding mortality in various Mississippi River Valley tree species and the rate and effect of tree fall; in the course of the study, brief consideration was given to plant and animal succession following the death of timber stands. The report covers principally the period beginning in September, 1939, and ending in October, 1946.
Tularemia, Weather, and Rabbit Populations
Authors: Yeatter Ralph E. , Thompson David H.
Published: May 2020

Tularemia, a disease of rabbits and hares (lagomorphs), rodents, and several other animals, is transmissible to man. In the period 1926- 1940. Illinois had more than 3,000 reported cases of human tularemia, about twice as many as any of the other states. The great majority of these Illinois cases were traceable to contact with cottontail rabbits. This paper deals with the relation of human tularemia in different parts of the state and in different years to weather, to the abundance of rabbits, and to some other aspects of its epidemiology. In analyzing the information on tularemia in Illinois, the writers have made an effort to determine the methods of management which would permit Illinois hunters to enjoy the sport of rabbit hunting without undue risk of infection.
Largemouth Bass in Ridge Lake, Coles County, Illinois
Authors: Bennett George W.
Published: May 2020

The present publication is essentially a description of the culling technique of management and its effect upon the largemouth bass in Ridge Lake for an approximate 10-year period beginning with the spring of 1941 and ending after the bass spawning season but before the angling season of 1951. This technique, which is being employed in all recreational lakes built by the state of Illinois, may be depended upon not only to maintain good bass fishing over an indefinite period but to produce superior angling for fish of other warm-water species inhabiting these lakes.
Efficiency and Selectivity of Commercial Fishing Devices Used on the Mississippi River
Authors: Starrett William C. , Barnickol Paul G.
Published: May 2020

N 1944 and 1946, a fishery survey was made of the Mississippi River between Caruthersville, Missouri, and Dubuque, Iowa, under the auspices of the Technical Committee for Fisheries, a subgroup of the Upper Mississippi River Conservation Committee. Collections of fish were made with various types of fishing devices at 31 field stations.  The present paper is a statistical analysis of the catch data relative to the efficiency and selectivity of the various commercial fishing devices used during the survey. It is believed that such an analysis could be of value to persons interested in the management of the river's commercial fishery. The fishery survey was financed by the Illinois Department of Conservation, the Illinois Natural History Survey, the Iowa Conservation Commission, and the Missouri Conservation Commission. The Illinois Natural History Survey's laboratory boat, the Anax, was used as field headquarters.
A Century of Biological Research
Authors: Mills Harlow B. , Decker George C. , Ross Herbert H. , Carter J. Cedric , Bennett George William , Scott Thomas G. , Ayars James S. , Warrick Ruth R. , East Bessie B.
Published: May 2020

Describes the work of hte Illinois Natural History Survey (and its predecessors) 1858-1958, covering the major areas of work including economic entomology, faunistic surveys,  botany and plant pathology, aquatic biology, wildlife research.  Includes a list of employees.
The Fishes of Champaign County, Illinois, as Affected by 60 Years of Stream Changes
Authors: Larimore R. Weldon , Smith Philip Wayne
Published: May 2020

The fishes of Champaign County Illinois have received probably as intensive and prolonged study as those in any area of equal size in the New World. The long period of observation has furnished an unusual opportunity to evaluate the ecological changes that have occurred in a highly developed agricultural and urban region and to relate these changes to the distribution and abundance of stream fishes. Throughout this study, emphasis has been placed on changes—changes in the county resulting from agricultural development and population increase, changes in the streams resulting from natural and human modifications, changes in aquatic habitats resulting from new developments in land use practices, and changes in the fishes as these adaptable animals adjusted to new conditions in their naturally unstable aquatic environment.
On the Anatomy and Histology of the New Earthworm (Diplocaedi communis)
Authors: Garman H. L.
Published: May 2020

Vasa deferentia opening to the exterior behind the clitellus by two apertures on the ventral side of somite 19. Two copulatory fossae extend from the middle of the ventral side of somite 18 to the middle of the ventral side of somite 20, each fossa with a pair of long, curved setee and an outlet of a prostate gland at its extremities. Internal apertures of the vasa deferentia two pairs; one pair in each of the somites 10 and 11. Seminal vesicles in somites 9, 10, and 11. Testes in somite 12. Spermathecae in three pairs, one pair in each of the somites 7, 8, and 9. Ovaries flabelliforra, situated in somite 13. Internal apertures of oviducts in somite 13; external apertures in somite 14. Setae arranged in four double longitudinal series on the ventral side of the body, each somite bearing four pairs. (Esophagus very short, without calciferous glands. A muscular gizzard in somites 6 and 7. Typhlosole a very slight dorsal fold. Dorsal vessel double, consisting of two tubes fused only at the dissepiments. No subneural blood vessel present. Nephridia tubular, with the nephridiopores in line with the dorsal setse of the external pairs; internal aperture in the somite preceding that in which the gland lies. Brain small, transversely elongated, with slight median anterior and posterior excisions. Praestomium not completely dividing the integument of the first somite.
On an American Earthworm of the Family Phreoryctidae
Authors: Forbes Stephen A.
Published: May 2020

n 1843 W. Hoffmeister described in Germany (Wiegmann's Archiv f. Naturgesch., 1843) a peculiar, long, and very slender worm found in a well, giving it the generic name of Haplotaxis and, after its discoverer, Menke, the specific name of menkeanus. Two years later this generic name was set aside by the same author for that of Phreoryctes, Haplotaxis having been already used in botany. In 1859 another species of the genus was found, also in Germany, by Schlotthauber and noticed as Georyctes lichtensteinii (Beitr. z. Helminthologie),— a name which has now given way to that of Phreoryctes filiformis (Claparede) Vejdovsky. In 1888 the well known helminthologist, Beddard, of England, published in the " Annals and Magazine of Natural History " a description of a worm from New Zealand which he assigned with some doubt to this genus under the name of Phreoryctes smithii, amending at the same time the definition of the genus (especially with reference to the sexual organs) to include this species. These three forms, two from continental Europe and a doubtful one from New Zealand, are thus the only examples of the genus and family hitherto reported.
Descriptions of New Cynipidae in the Collection of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History
Authors: Gillette C. P.
Published: May 2020

Descriptions of New Cynipidae in the Collection of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History
Largemouth Bass and Other Fishes in Ridge Lake, Illinois, 1941-1963
Authors: Bennett George William , Adkins H. Wickliffe , Childers William F.
Published: May 2020

Ridge Lake was stocked with 335 yearling largemouth bass and 100 adults in 1941, 129 bluegills in 1944, 138 warmouths in 1949, and varying numbers of channel catfish in 1951, 1952, and 1957. After an attempt to remove all bluegills by draining the lake and leaving the lake basin emptv over the winter of 1959-1960, 585 lake chubsuckers and 4,500 hybrid sunfishes were stocked in the spring of 1960. Since the beginning of this study in 1941, 29,700 largemouth bass, 390.000 bluegills, and about 10,000 warmouths have been permanently removed from the lake. The lake now (1968) contains adequate numbers of all species stocked except channel catfish, which did not reproduce successfully in standing water.  A complete creel census has been conducted at Ridge Lake each summer except in 1941 and 1943, when the lake was closed to public fishing. In addition, the lake was drained and the fishes were censused in the springs of 1943, 1945, 1947, 1949, 1951, 1953, 1956, 1959 (fall), and 1963, and selected kinds, sizes, and numbers of fish were held alive and restocked (Tables 1-4). One of the more important aspects of the Ridge Lake study is that, because it is a long-term investigation, it demonstrates the variability of a fairly simple population of common fishes, not only in numbers and total weight, but also in the yield obtainable from angling.
A Comparative Study of Two Components of the Poinsettia Root Rot Complex
Authors: Perry Robert S.
Published: May 2020

THE MOST IMPORTANT pathological problem encountered by commercial growers of poinsettias ( Euphorbia piilcheirima Willd.) is caused by a complex of fungi composed of Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. & Br.) Ferr., Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, and Pythium ultimum Trow. Collectively these three organisms cause a condition referred to as the poinsettia root rot complex. Since more research has been conducted on P. ultimum and R. solani than on T. basicola, the present research was originally designed to investigate some of the environmental factors affecting the growth of Thielaviopsis and the development of the root rot caused by it. However, another fungus, Chalaropsis thielavioides Peyronel, frequently was obtained in isolations from diseased greenhouse poinsettias. Since C. thielavioides had not been reported as being a part of the poinsettia root rot complex, the author decided to investigate its importance as a pathogen on poinsettias. Numerous similarities between C. thielavioides and T. basicola were evident. The object of this work was to compare the two fungi. Prior to undertaking such a study, the pathogenicity of Chalaropsis on poinsettias had to be established. A comparison of Chalaropsis and two isolates of Thielaviopsis was made to determine the effects of environment on the growth of the fungi and the ability of the two fungi to produce disease symptoms on poinsettias.
Dynamics of Condition Parameters and Organ Measurements in Pheasants
Authors: Anderson William L.
Published: May 2020

Environmental factors are recognized as the primary forces dictating the distribution, abundance, and physical condition of pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) and all other game species. These forces, whether beneficial or detrimental, manifest themselves within the physiological mechanisms carrying on the life processes of individuals constituting animal populations. Thus, it might be said that the physiological status of an animal is the expression of all of the environmental factors acting on the animal. This study elucidates changes in selected physiological parameters of wild pheasants in Illinois in relation to stresses that occur during the life cycle of this game bird.
An Urban Epiphytotic of Phloem Necrosis and Dutch Elm Disease, 1944-1972
Authors: Carter J. Cedric , Carter Lucille Rogers
Published: May 2020

THE AMERICAN ELM was used more extensively than any other species as a shade tree in Illinois prior to 1940. It was especially valued for its rapid growth, majestic size, vase shape, and extensive shade. It was used for streets, boulevards, and park drives, as well as in lawns. In many cities throughout the state it represented half or more of the shade trees lining the streets. In some cities it was estimated that three-fourths of the shade trees were American elms. Because of the loss to diseases of millions of elms, especially American elms, since 1940, most cities and homeowners now plant other trees. The elm problem has made many people aware of the importance of using diversified plantings to avoid such a catastrophe in the future. Extensive dying of elms in central Illinois, especially in Bloomington, Normal, and Champaign, occurred as early as 1883 (Forbes 1885:112; 1912:3). This dying of elms subsided within a few years. Although the cause of the elm deaths was not determined, the symptoms reported are not typical of any current vascular wilt disease. The present study was initiated, following the appearance of phloem necrosis in Urbana in 1944, to obtain data on the number of elms affected annually by the disease and to study the pattern of spread in a municipal area where no city-wide control program was practiced. With the appearance of Dutch elm disease in Urbana in 1951, the study was expanded to include both diseases and the relationship of the two diseases in a municipal area.
125 years of biological research 1858-1983
Authors: Godfrey George L. , Bouseman John K. , Robertson Kenneth L. , Zewadski Robert M.
Published: May 2020

The Illinois Natural History Survey celebrated its 125th anniversary in 1983 by hosting a series of special events for its friends and staff. Two of them were the 125th Anniversary Symposium and Luncheon held on 24 September 1983 at Urbana, and the contents of this commemorative bulletin are based on the papers and summary comments presented at those two functions. The proclamation from Governor James R. Thompson, recognizing the importance of the Survey to the people of Illinois (Frontispiece), was read at the luncheon. The papers contributed to the symposium were selected on the basis of recommendations solicited from the staffs of the Survey's research sections: Aquatic Biology, Botany and Plant Pathology, Economic Entomology, Faunistic Surveys and Insect Identification, and Wildlife Research. The papers presented by Survey staff members do not adequately reflect either past or present programs in totol, i.e., they are indicative, not definitive.

Editorial Committee: George L. Godfrey, ChairmanJohn K. BousemanWilliam R. EdwardsKenneth R. RobertsonRobert M. Zewadski
The Crayfishes and Shrimps (Decapoda) of Illinois
Authors: Page Lawrence M.
Published: May 2020

Crayfishes and shrimps (Decapoda) are conspicuous components of the aquatic environments of Illinois. Although only 23 species are known to inhabit the state, they are among our largest aquatic invertebrates and often are present in large populations.
Review of the Species of New World Erythroneurini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae)
Authors: Dmitriev Dmitry A. , Dietrich Christopher H.
Published: May 2020

This review provides descriptions, color habitus photos, illustrations, a key for identification, and summaries of distributions and host plants for all known species of the genus Erythridula (135 species). E. canadensis sp.n. from British Columbia (Canada), E. planerae sp.n. from southern Illinois (USA), and E. wyatti sp.n. from southeastern USA are described as new; 129 new synonyms are recognized; a lectotype is designated for Typhlocyba obliqua var. dorsalis Gillette; neotypes are designated for E. lloydi Hepner and E. lasteri Hepner; E. rhodedendronae Hepner is emended to E. rhododendronae Hepner.
Vascular Plant Communities of the Green River Lowlands in Northwestern Illinois
Authors: Ebinger John E. , Phillippe Loy R. , Handel William C. , Cunningham Connie J. , McClain William E. , Nyboer Randy , Bittner Todd
Published: May 2020

A few high-quality prairies still exist in the sand deposits of the Green River Lowlands. The most extensive remnants are in the Green River State Wildlife Area, Lee County, Illinois. Three upland prairie communities were surveyed; a dry sand prairie dominated by Schizachyrium scoparium, Ambrosia psilostachya, and Amorpha canescens; a dry-mesic sand prairie dominated by Sorghastrum nutans, Schizachyrium scoparium, Antennaria plantaginifolia, and Liatris aspera; and a mesic sand prairie where Sorghastrum nutans and Andropogon gerardii were the dominant grasses, and Parthenium integrifolium, Fragaria virginiana, Liatris pycnostachya, and Euthamia gymnospermoides the common forbs. The lowlands, which included approximately 325 ha, were dominated by the exotic Phalaris arundinacea, but high-quality wet sand prairie, sedge meadow, and marsh communities existed. The wet sand prairies were dominated by Spartina pectinata, Helianthus grosseserratus, and Solidago canadensis; the sedge meadows were dominated by Carex haydenii, Calamagrostis canadensis, and Persicaria coccinea; the marsh communities were divided into distinct vegetation zones. These vegetation zones were surveyed in 2002 and subjected to an extensive uncontrolled fire in 2005. Surveys completed in 2006 and 2007 were used to determine successional changes resulting from the fire. These studies suggested that most communities were returning to the species composition found before the 2005 fire.
List of Altitudes in the State of Illinois
Authors: Rolfe C. W.
Published: May 2020

Most of the elevations in the following list were collected during the years 1889 and 1890, as the basis of a model of the State. The others were gathered during the progress of a barometric survey of the State, made under the auspices of the Illinois Board of World's Fair Commissioners.
A Preliminary Account of two New Oligochaeta from Illinois
Authors: Smith Frank
Published: May 2020

Several species of Oligochseta were collected by the writer during- the past summer at the Biological Station upon the Illinois River, at Havana, founded early in the present year by the University of Illinois, with Prof. S. A. Forbes as Director. Since it will be several months before a full report on the Oligochaeta can be prepared,it seems best to publish this preliminary account of the larger forms collected.
Some Notes on the Brain and Pineal Structures of Polyodon folium
Authors: Garman H.
Published: May 2020

Some time about 1888 the writer of these notes made several dissections of the brain of this interesting- fish and drawings of them were made by Magnus Westergren, at that time Artist of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History. Other duties have until recently prevented further prosecution of the study, but I have now to present some of the results of a reexaminationof these dissections, kindly placed in my hands by Professor Forbes, together with some facts gained by a study of fresh material obtained by me from the Ohio River. For purposes of comparison I have dissected out the brain of our common sturgeon {Acipenser rubicundus).
Notes on Species of North American Oligochaeta.
Authors: Smith Frank
Published: May 2020

The collections of Oligochseta made in connection with the work of the Biological Experiment Station upon the Illinois River, at Havana, contain about thirty species, of which the greater number have been previously described. Two species, one of which must be regarded as belonging to a new genus, are described in this paper.
Contribution to a Knowledge of the North American Fresh-water Ostracoda Included in the Families Cytheridae and Cyprididae
Authors: Sharpe Richard
Published: May 2020

The present paper has been prepared in the course of work at the University of Illinois for the degree of master of science in zoology. In addition to extensive collections of Entomostraca made at the Biological Station of the University of Illinois, situated at Havana, on the Illinois River, I have been able, through the kindness of Dr. S. A. Forbes, to examine all the accumulations in this group made by the Illinois State Laboratoryof Natural History during the last twenty years,and covering a territory little less than continental.
Notes on Species of North American Oligochaeta.
Authors: Smith Frank
Published: May 2020

A list of the earthworms found in North America was published in 1888 by Garman in Vol. III. of this Bulletin, in which those mentioned as occurring in Illinois are three species of Luvibricidce, one of Acanthodrilidae, and one of Perichaeta which had become established in the University greenhouses. To these must now be added seven other species, most of which have been described since Garman's paper appeared.
The Ecology of the Skokie Marsh Area, With Special Reference to the Mollusca
Authors: Baker Frank
Published: May 2020

The present paper is an attempt to place on record a minute study of a small area with special reference to its molluscan inhabitants. It is believed that this is one of the first attempts to apply the ecological method, so notably used by the botanists (Cowles, 1901; Jennings, 1909, etc.), to the study of the Mollusca, althoughAdams (1906) and Ruthven (1904) have included this class of animals in their report of the Ecological Survey of Michigan, and Pilsbry (1905), Elrod (1901-03) and Adams (1900) have made valuable contributions to molluscan ecology. Attempts to study the mollusks of a restricted region from an ecological standpoint are, however, rare, the writer having been unable to find any papers in which these animals were studied purely from this standpoint.