bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMASI UNJUK KERJA POMPA DISTRIBUSI BIO SOLAR P10 PT. X
Authors: MARSELA RACHEL
Published: February 2023

Pompa Distribusi Bio Solar P10 merupakan pompa centrifugal single stage yang terdapat pada PT.X. Pompa Distribusi Bio Solar P10 digunakan untuk mengalirkan produk Bio Solar dari tangki 9 (sembilan) ke Dermaga 1 (satu) yang berfungsi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan Depot Pertamina yang ada di daerah Maluku dan Papua. Kapasitas perpompaan merupakan salah satu aspek yang mempengaruhi kinerja pompa tersebut. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan optimalisasi unjuk kerja pompa. Dimana parameter yang akan dievaluasi meliputi ; kapasitas, head pompa, daya pompa dan daya penggerak. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan data yaitu pengambilan data langsung ke lapangan, wawancara dengan beberapa pekerja perusahaan dan pencarian tipe  pompa di google. Dalam pengoperasian pompa distribusi Bio Solar P10 Head pompa aktual lebih rendah dari desain pompa yaitu 67.6 m menjadi 20.09 m, daya pompa juga mengalami penurunan dari 67,6 HP menjadi 64,33 HP, daya penggerak juga mengalami penurunan dari 177 HP menjadi 37.06, efisiensi pompa menurun dari 65 % menjadi 52 % dikarenakan turunnya head pompa. Untuk meningkatkan kebutuhan proses proses distribusi dapat dilakukan dengan cara mengoptimasi pompa dengan menaikkan kapasitas perpompaan dengan menentukan kapasitas di titik efisiensi tertinggi dan membuka jepitan valve, yaitu kapasitas sebesar 375 m3/h pada titik efisiensi sebesar 60 % menghasilkan head 21.41, daya pompa sebesar 42.35 HP, daya penggerak sebesar 42.35, jadi efisiensi terhadap pompa distribusi Bio Solar P10 dapat meningkatkan kinerja pompa untuk kebutuhan proses di PT.X.
OPTIMASI PEMBENTUKAN HIDROGEN DARI STEAM TO CARBON RATIO DI REFORMING 22 F 101 DI UNIT H2 PLANT PT X
Authors: Manila Marthina Valentina
Published: February 2023

Hydrogen plant merupakan salah satu unit yang berfungsi untuk memproses atau merubah bahan baku berupa natural gas, refinery gas, atau fraksi naphta menjadi hidrogen. Refomer 22-F-101 merupakan salah satu peralatan utama, karena pada reformer ini pertama kali pembentukan H2 terjadi. Proses yang terjadi di reformer adakah steam methane reforming yang berlangsung secara endothermic didalam tube-tube reformer, artinya reaksi didalam tersebut membutuhkan panas yang sangat tinggi. Variabel operasi yang sangat mempengaruhi proses konversi hidrokarbona dan steam menjadi gas hydrogen adalah steam to carbon ratio dan temperature outlet reformer karena telah diuji tingkat korelasinya dan memberikan tingkat hubungan yang cukup kuat ataupun kuat. Walaupun ada beberapa variabel proses lainnya dalam reformer seperti pressure. Untuk variabe operasi hasil yang di peroleh untuk kondisi optimum yaitu s/c 3,684 dan temperature outlet reformer 779,879?. Pada kondisi operasi presentase hydrogen keluar reformer akan naik menjadi 70,896 dan methane slip menjadi 5,649. Dan hasil keuntungan sebesar RP. 8.649.195.764,67 per tahun.
OPTIMASI PERIODE CLEANING GAS TO GAS EXCHANGER DI PT. A
Authors: Silviani Vilia
Published: February 2023

Dalam proses pengolahan gas alam salah satu peralatan utama yang digunakan adalah Gas to Gas Exchanger . Tipe Gas to Gas Exchanger ini merupakan shell and tube. Pada proses pre-tratment, Gas to Gas Exchanger merupakan alat penukar panas yang berfungsi sebagai pendinginan awal sebelum masuk ke Gas Chiller. Efisiensi kinerja dari Gas to Gas Exchanger akan sangat pengaruh terhadap biaya operasi yang dikeluarkan. Oleh karena itu, kinerja Gas to Gas Exchanger harus selalu diamati secara teratur dan kondisi operasinya dimaksimalkan sesuai dengan kondisi yang diinginkan. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan nilai faktor pengotor (fouling factor) yang didapatkan sebesar 0,0076 hr.ft².?/Btu dimana nilai fouling factor tidak melebihi nilai fouling factor yang diperbolehkan yaitu 0,011 hr.ft2.°F/Btu. Dari hasil perhitungan tersebut, kemampuan perpindahan panas pada Gas to Gas Exchanger diprediksi akan berada di bawah kapasitas tugas panasnya pada bulan ke 85 dari sekarang. Oleh karena itu, pembersihan perlu dilakukan kembali selambat-lambatnya 85 bulan dari sekarang. Hal ini perlu dilakukan agar kinerja Gas to Gas Exchanger dengan kemampuan perpindahan panas dapat melebihi tugas panas dan dapat kembali ke kondisi semula.
OPTIMASI DOSIS OPTIMUM PENGUNAAN KOAGULAN POLY ALUMINIUM CHLORIDE
Authors: Verdian Irvan
Published: February 2023

PDAM Tirta Daroy merupakan salah satu perusahaan penyedia air minum di Kota Banda Aceh. Sumber air baku yang digunakan PDAM Tirta Daroy Kota Banda Aceh seluruhnya berasal dari sungai Krueng Aceh yang dipompa oleh unit intake dan disalurkan ke menara air baku atau menara distribusi sebagai proses pertama dari pengolahan air di PDAM Tirta Daroy Kota Banda Aceh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan dosis koagulan yang tepat dalam proses pengolahan air baku menjadi air bersih. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi ilmiah tentang penggunaan koagulan yang efektif dan efisien dalam memperbaiki kualitas air baku di menara air baku. Percobaan pengolahan telah dilakukan pada labotorium tersebut dengan cara koagulasi-flokulasi menggunakan alat jar test untuk mendapatkan dosis koagulan optimum. Dosis optimum yang diperoleh Poly Aluminium Chloride cair 60 ppm dengan turbiditas 115 NTU dan biaya bahan baku sebesar Rp 5000 per kg.
Environmental, Cultural and Humanistic Perspectives in the Poetry of Robert Frost, Kazuyosi Ikeda and Syed Ameeruddin
Authors: Ram Avadh Prajapati
Published: February 2023

The modern world has witnessed radical changes in all sorts of discourses. Different kinds of changes in environment, culture and humanistic approach have brought relevant dimensions in literature. The points are quite interesting, contemporary, burning and have masculine, vital and thought-provoking concerns. Everyone is running after ease and comfort forgetting the importance of nature and environment. This can be reiterated in the words of William Wordsworth that getting and spending we are busy in wasting our powers, health, knowledge, wisdom, human feelings. Further, he says that we have lost all our sensibilities to realize the relevance and grateful towards nature. Actually, we do not even realize the importance of nature in our life. The paper explores the concept of environmental, cultural and humanistic concerns in the poetry of Robert Frost, Kazuyosi Ikeda and Syed Ameeruddin.
Analisis Potensi Lanskap Bagi Pengembangan Wisata Desa Sambori Bima NTB
Authors: Noeryoko Mochammad , Zulharman Zulharman
Published: February 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menidentifikasi potensi atraksi lanskap bagi wisata desa Sambori. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teknik survey dan observasi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan pusposive sampling, data terdiri dari potensi lanskap desa Sambori. Aspek lanskap meliputi atraksi alam dan bentang alam yang menarik wisatawan di Desa Sambori. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Penilaian terhadap kualitas lanskap alam dilakukan disekitar obyek wisata, dengan menggunakan metode yang mengacu pada parameter dari Burew of Land Management. Hasil penelitian Desa Sambori memiliki lanskap yang sangat menarik untuk dikunjungi, kenaekaragaman budaya yang baik sebagai atraksi wisata dan panorama alamnya yang masih alami selain itu juga mengoptimalkan peran pemerintah desa dan masyarakat dalam mengembangkan sarana dan prasarana serta promosi.
Corazonando a formação de professores de línguas: cinema como esforço de decolonização do currículo
Authors: Alba Wildt Ana Paula
Published: February 2023

Este trabalho aborda uma experiência de esforço de decolonização do currículo por meio de narrativas autoetnográficas críticas de alunos pibidianos do curso de licenciatura dupla em Letras - Português/Inglês de uma universidade federal no sul do Brasil, socializadas após a exibição de documentários (auto)biográficos docentes e discentes no contexto de um projeto de extensão universitária. Para tanto, busca-se suporte em uma metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa que utiliza a perspectiva narrativa para compreender os sujeitos pelas suas próprias lentes e vozes. A experiência permite situar o cinema como potente agência de uma aprendizagem docente outra, uma vez que as trajetórias, os discursos e as representações de docência evidenciados nos documentários dispararam narrativas autoetnográficas críticas que reforçam as contribuições da sétima arte e da biograficidade na formação transgressora de professores de línguas, em contramarcha à racionalidade técnica frequentemente (re)produzida no contexto acadêmico e silenciadora das vozes discentes.
Para uma praxiologia da esperança: ensino língua portuguesa no contexto tecnológico
Authors: Nunes Rosana Helena , Silva Kleber Aparecido
Published: February 2023

O artigo discute algumas obras de Paulo Freire em relação aos estudos da linguagem. Trata-se de uma proposta de repensar a prática educativa por meio de praxiologias decoloniais, uma praxiologia da esperança, em que se privilegie uma educação linguística crítica, no ensino de Língua Portuguesa, em contexto tecnológico. Essa pesquisa, intitulada “Educação Profissional e Tecnológica e ensino de Língua Portuguesa (LP) em tempo de crise: perspectivas, interfaces e desafios para uma Educação Humanizadora”, é resultado de uma investigação e fundamenta-se numa perspectiva decolonial e freiriana à luz da Linguística Aplicada Crítica (CALVET, 2007; PENNYCOOK, 2006; PENNYCOOK; MAKONI, 2020; RAJAGOPALAN, 2003, 2013), e à Pedagogia Crítica (FREIRE, 1967, 1987, 1992, 1994, 1997), além de documentos oficiais: Diretrizes Curriculares para a Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (BRASIL, 2021), Constituição de 1988 (BRASIL. Constituição (1988/2021), LDB/71 (BRASIL, 1971), LDB/2017 (BRASIL. LDB. 1996/2017) e Plano Nacional de Educação em Direitos Humanos (BRASIL, 2007).
Comparative Study of Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) Ointment Versus Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy in Management of Chronic Anal Fissure
Authors: Shah Makil , Islam Zia Ul , Iqbal Javed , Jafar Muhammad , Ullah Mansour
Published: February 2023

Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of 0.2% glyceryl trinitrate ointment versus lateral sphincterotomy in management of patients with chronic anal fissure. Materials and Methods: This Comparative study was done in Irfan general hospital THQ Charsadda, and the duration of this study were from April 2022 to September 2022. In this study 80 patients with anal fissure were enrolled. All the patients were divided into two group by lottery method. Group A patients were treated by lateral sphincterotomy while group B was treated by ointment of 0.2% glyceryl trinitrate. A predesign questionnaire were used to collect data. Results: Total 80 patients were enrolled equally divided in to two groups. Group A had 29 (72.5%) male and 11 (27.5%) female while group B had 23 (57.5%) male and 17 (42.5%) female with mean age of 40.47±10.94 years. Group A had 18 (45%) mild pain and 22 (55%) had severe pain while group B had 19 (47.5%) mild pain and 21 (52.5%) severe pain. 23 (57.5%) and 25 (62.5%) patients had bleeding before treatment. The final comparison after 6 weeks of treatment shows the 65% of patients healed with the lateral sphincterotomy and 52.5% of patients healed with ointment of glyceryl trinitrate. The healed proportion was measured high for the lateral sphincterotomy treatment as compared to the ointment of GTN. Practical implication: In our study we find that lateral sphincterotomy is more effective so this study will help the clinical practioner to select the better treatment option inorder to cure the anal fissure soon. Conclusion: It is concluded that for the treatment of anal fissure, the lateral sphincterotomy is considered an effective treatment as compared to ointment of GTN. Keywords: Chronic anal fissure; Glyceryl trinitrate ointment; Lateral internal sphincterotomy
Febrile Neutropenia and Indications for Administration of Antibiotics: A Perspective from Pakistan
Authors: Mahmood Hassan , Ullah Zia , Hassan Bilal , Kazi Asma , Batool Shehrbano , Irshad Faiza
Published: February 2023

Background & Objectives: The administration of antibiotics within one hour of the patient's presentation is a conventional treatment aim for febrile neutropenia (FN). The objective of this study was to identify what proportion of children diagnosed with FN had a time to antibiotic administration (TTA) of less than one hour and to understand the causes of the delay.. Place of Study: Mayo Hospital Lahore Study Duration: January 2021 to June 2021 Methods: The children who presented with FN were the subject of a prospective investigation. The most significant metric of success was the proportion of patients who were administered antibiotics within one hour after the conclusion of the triage process. The presentation's location, the time of day, and the day of the week are all significant predictive variables. An study was conducted on the causes of the delayed TTA. Results: Evaluations for TTA were performed on a total of 200 children (mean age: 7 years) diagnosed with FN. The primary impact as a result 60% of parents were able to complete the TTA within sixty minutes. The likelihood of a delayed TTA occurred less frequently when patients were examined when the night was still young. Patients who did not have a focus of care had a higher risk of having a delayed TTA. The infection, both during the evaluations that took place in the oncology daycare and those that took place over the weekend, was found in none. Patients who were seen during the daytime or on the weekends had a longer time to treatment than those who presented at the AM or night or weekdays. Interpretation & Conclusions: Antibiotics were administered more quickly to the children who were being monitored for fever. The most significant factors contributing to the delay were admission and the need to await blood levels Keywords: Febrile neutropenia, support care, and delay to antibiotics
Efficacy of Topical 1% Adapalene Versus Cryotherapy in Treatment of Plantar Warts
Authors: Maj Arifullah , Siddique Muhammad Adeel , Hussain Lt. Col. Majid
Published: February 2023

Background: Warts are spiny, rough papules or nodules that can be found anywhere on skin. They are caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. There are over 100 HPV types documented. Approximately 6% of children and 2% of adults consult the doctor for wart. The aim of the current study was To compare the efficacy of topical Adapalene gel 0.1% under occlusion with cryotherapy in the treatment of plantar wart Methodology: It was Randomized control trial carried out at the Department of Dermatology, Combined Military Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan, from Feb 2022 to July 2022. A total of 60 Patients coming to hospital with complaints of plantar warts were randomized into two equal groups of 30 patients. Patients reporting on odd serial number were allocated to group A, treated with application of topical 1% adapalene gel overnight on daily basis under occlusion, while patients reporting on even serial number were allocated to group B, treated with cryotherapy for two freeze thaw cycles, done with liquid nitrogen at -196°C temperature using direct application by a dipstick. The primary outcome was to measure the complete resolution of warts after 8 weeks from start of treatment. Results: Age range in this study was from 18 to 45 years with mean age of 32.366±8.61 years, while duration of disease was from 2 to 12 weeks with mean duration of 6.433±2.90 weeks. After 8 weeks of treatment, 27 patients (90%) in group-A, while 20 patients (66.66%) in group-B achieved complete resolution of warts (p-value 0.028). Practical implication: In the practical implications of this study, while comparing topical adapalene versus cryotherapy in trials, an important fact is that cryotherapy is done under supervision by the physician on fortnightly basis while adapalene is applied under occlusion by patients themselves daily at home, so, a major advantage of use of adapalene gel is also its simplicity and convenience of use. Another advantage to the patient is in shape of painless application at home compared to the cryotherapy. However, one disadvantage with adapalene gel is that it has to be used under occlusion by plastic sheet on daily basis which may feel messy to some patients Conclusion: Topical 0.1 % adapalene was more effective than cryotherapy in the treatment of plantar warts. Keyword: Human papillomavirus, Plantar warts, Adapalene, Cryotherapy.
In Vitro Survival of Scabies Mites
Authors: Maj Arifullah , Siddique Muhammad Adeel , Hussain Lt. Col. Majid
Published: February 2023

Background: The correct treatment and management of scabies is expensive and time-consuming, and may have a negative impact on patients and their families. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of permethrin 5% cream on scabies mites, and explore mite survival times outside the human body Patients and Methods: This was Quasi Experimental Study, carried out the Department of Dermatology, Combined Military Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan, from March 2022 to August 2022. A total of 60 scabies mites were taken from 60 patients reporting at OPD during the study period. A total of 60 petri dishes were divided in to two groups, 30 petri dishes coated with permethrin 5% cream were in the treatment group while 30 plain petri dishes were included in the control group. One scabies mite was placed in each dish. Observation was made at baseline and then 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 12 hours from baseline. Death of the mite was decided when all the leg movements were ceased. Results: The results of the study showed that after 8 hours 60% of the scabies mites survived in treatment group while 70% survived in control group. After 12 hours, 16.66% of mites in the treatment group and 60% in the control group were survived. (p-value= 0.019) Practical implication: The purpose of this study was not only to treat the patient but also to take measures to ensure that the prevalence is stopped from individual to individual, as clothes and bed linen also contains the mites and surrounding environment also needs proper management. The aim of our study was to find survival time of scabies mites present in our Pakistani population in vitro to the effects of 5% permethrin cream, which is the most widely used treatment in Pakistan for scabies mites. This will help to advice the patients accordingly for exact application time required for the drug and the time when the mites are actually died. Conclusion: Based on these results, we suggest that 5% permethrin topical cream needs to be left on body for at least 12 hours before patient wash it off. Keyword: In Vitro Survival, Scabies, Permethrin, Mal-Nutrition, Immigration, Dementia, Families
Frequency of Urinary Incontinence and its Risk Factors among Pregnant Women
Authors: Khan Javeria , Mushtaq Maida , Rafiq Shazia , Zia Sobia , Qamar Siddiqa , Saeed Myra , Iqbal Sajjid , Sukhera Sadia
Published: February 2023

Aim: The frequency of urinary incontinence and its risk factors among pregnant women in second and third trimester of Jinnah Hospital and Lady Willingdon Hospital using ICIQ-UI-SF. Study design: This is a cross-sectional observational study. Place and duration: 350 subjects were included in study by Non-probability/purposive sampling technique from Jinnah Hospital, Lahore and Lady Willingdon Hospital, Lahore and completed in 6 months. Methodology: International Consultation on Incontinence questionnaire- Urinary Incontinence- Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF) was used to evaluate subjects to UI severity. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: According to ICIQ-UI-SF questionnaire, out of 350 respondents, 11(3.1%) respondents showed slight symptom severity, 44(12.6%) respondents showed moderate symptom severity, 32(9.1%) respondents showed severe symptom severity and 263(75.1%) showed no symptoms at all. On a scale of 10, urinary incontinence affected the quality of life of pregnant females by 6. There was a statistical significance between ICIQ-UI-SF score and parity and number of previous vaginal deliveries (p=.011 and p=.000 respectively). Conclusion: In this study it is concluded that considerate number of respondents had symptoms of Urinary Incontinence irrespective of their trimester of pregnancy. There was no association found between disease severity and age of the respondents. Trimester of pregnancy did not have any statistical significance with the symptom’s severity, but it was found to have a statistical significance with parity and the number of previous vaginal deliveries. Key words: iCIQ-UI-SF, Pregnancy, Urinary Incontinence
Incidence of Thyroid Diseases in Local Population
Authors: Javed Rahman
Published: February 2023

Background: Thyroid diseases are considered most significant public health dilemma worldwide with global prevalence of 5%-10%. In Pakistan, the hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism prevalence is 4.1% and 5.1%, respectively. Thyroid disorder is a common, identifiable and simply curable, but if not diagnosed or left untreated can have intense adverse effects. Aim: To evaluate the incidence of thyroid diseases in local population of Lahore. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: It is carried out among patients visiting Arif Memorial Teaching Hospital, Lahore. A total of 257 patients aged between 18 to 65 years with clinical features suggestive of thyroid disorders from October 2021 to November 2022 were included. Patients data were collected through questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Results: Among 257 respondents, 64.2% were females and the mean age was 41.93±11.522 years. 33.9% respondents had family history of thyroid, 23.8% diagnosed with hypothyroidism, 12.8% with hyperthyroidism and 35.4% with subclinical hypothyroidism while 28% respondents were euthyroid. The association between thyroid disease and age was found statistically significant (P=0.000) but insignificant (P=0.351) between thyroid disease and gender. Conclusion: Study concluded that incidence of thyroid diseases was 72% in study population. Keywords: Incidence, thyroid disease, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, euthyroidism.
Degree of Hearing Loss in Association with Site of Tympanic Membrane Perforation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Usama Basheer Hafiz Muhammad , Ikram Atif , , Hanif Asif
Published: February 2023

Background: Tympanic Membrane perforation is commonly seen in a middle ear pathology called chronic otitis media that affects at least 0.5% of the total world population. Aim: To evaluate the nature of hearing loss in tympanic membrane perforation (TMP) based on the site of perforation. Study design: Systemic review. Methodology: All the articles were taken from Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Pub Med, NCBI (NLM Catalog) and HEC Digital Library within five years range: 2017-2021. All the researchers were screened widely by a well-intentioned peer review group. Results: Articles (n=19) were included in the review. In case of site of perforation, most of the articles compared anterior site with posterior and central, depicting that posterior site causes more hearing loss than anterior site, while central perforations had greater hearing loss than anterior/posterior site. The total sample size of these 19 articles collectively was (n=1,650). Most severe hearing loss with respect to site of TM perforation was demonstrated in only 1 study (5.26%) out of 19 and that was 61-80 decibels. One study (5.26%) showed no correlation between hearing loss and site of TM perforation. Practical Implication: Sometimes, it is seen in ENT practices that there was a dilemma regarding the severity of hearing loss with respect to site of perforation. It benefited otolaryngologists to find a systematic review on the provided topic, to learn and know more about the association between hearing loss and site of TMP. Conclusion: We concluded that anterior sites of perforations cause less hearing loss than posterior, central or marginal. Keywords: Hearing loss; Tympanic membrane perforation; Site of TM perforation.
Outcomes of Primary Peritoneal Drainage and Taylor’s Conservative Method in High-Risk Cases of Perforated Peritonitis
Authors: Suleman Ayra , Anwer Umbreen , Naqi Syed Asghar
Published: February 2023

Aim: To evaluate the outcomes of primary peritoneal drainage and Taylor’s conservative method in high-risk patients of perforated peritonitis. Methods: The study was carried out within 6 months after the approval of synopsis i.e. from 21st August, 2020 till 20th February, 2021, in the East Surgical department, Mayo hospital Lahore. A total of 66 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Percutaneous peritoneal drainage was performed under local anesthesia and two wide bored intra-abdominal tube drains were placed in both flanks through these incisions. Pus/fluid/bile was evacuated. Outcomes were monitored in terms of mortality, morbidity (SSI, wound dehiscence) and need for definitive surgery after PPD within 14 days (as per operational definition). Post stratification Chi square test was applied and a p-value of ≤0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The mean age of the patients was 49±9.9. Mortality occurred in 65.2% patients, morbidity was seen in 25.8% patients, out of which 13.6% patients had superficial SSI. 62.1% patients had to undergo laparotomy. However, only 31.8% of the patients died postoperatively after definitive laparotomy, which is less than the high mortality rate in high-risk patients of perforation peritonitis. Conclusion: We have concluded from our study that PPD with Taylor’s conservative method served as an effective method of initial resuscitation and stablilization in high-risk patients of perforation peritonitis. Once the general condition of the patients improved, they were subjected to definitive laparotomy under general anesthesia. Post-laparotomy outcomes were improved in such patients. Keywords: peritonitis, drainage, laparotomy
Effectiveness of Maitland Mobilization versus Pain release phenomena for pain, range of motion and disability in early knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Taj Saeeda , Anwar Kinza , Arshad Hafsah , Khalid Maria , Ali Mohammad Qasim , Hussain Ejaz
Published: February 2023

Aim: To compare the effectiveness of Maitland mobilization and pain release phenomena for Pain, Range of motion disability in early knee osteoarthritis. Methodology: Randomized control trail was conducted at Department of Physical Therapy, Railway General Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan within a duration of 6 months. Participants aged between 35-60 years including both genders, diagnosed with stage 1 and 2 knee osteoarthritis were included. Range of motion (ROM) was assessed by Goniometer, Numeric pain rating scale(NPRS) used for pain and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores used for knee disability. IBM SPSS 24 was used for statistical analysis. Non-parametric tests were used for NPRS while parametric test were used for knee ROM and knee disability . Results: Total 47 participants, were analyzed in which mean age in Experimental Maitland mobilization group A was 45.3±6.06 while mean age in experimental pain release phenomena group B was 45.4±4.59. Between-group analysis for NPRS was significantly improved at post intervention having p value (0.03). Between group comparison of knee ROM and WOMAC also showed significant p value. (p value=<0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that both techniques are equally effective in decreasing pain, improving knee ROMs and functional mobility in early knee osteoarthritis. Keywords: Knee Osteoarthritis; Early Mobilization ; Knee Joint Pain; Knee Joint Range Of Motion; Knee Disability.
Self-esteem and Social Intelligence in Visually Impaired Adolescents
Authors: Saleem Jawairia , Saleem Sadia , Ikram Sadia , Inam Saima , Siddiqui Asma , , Ain Qurat Ul
Published: February 2023

Aim: To explore the differences in the levels of self-esteem and social Intelligent in visually and non-visually impaired adolescents Study design: Cross sectional Place and duration: December, 2018 to February, 2020 in special education center private and government school of city Lahore Method: There were 122 people in total in the sample. There were 56 visually impaired volunteers and 66 non-visually impaired persons.Boys and girls aged 14 to 19 from private and public special education schools took part in the study. Two scales were used; Self-esteem Scale for Children (SESC), and Social Intelligence Scale (SIS) used along with a demographic Performa Results: Analysis revealed that being visually impaired and having low level of social facilitation is found to be a negative predictor of low self-esteem. There was no significant difference found on three factors of self-esteem and social intelligence. Overall visually impaired tend to have lower level of self-esteem. Conclusion: Adolescence is a vital period in a person's life when he or she faces a number of psychological obstacles. If he had any type of handicap at this teenage time, he would have a lot of problems in his life. According to this study, if a person has any handicap throughout the teenage stage, it affects their degree of self-esteem and social intelligence. Key words: Self-esteem, Social Intelligence Visually Impaired, Non-Visually Impaired, Adolescents
Computed Tomography Scan Findings in Various Modes of Head Injury, Using GE Optima 128 Slice CT Scanner`
Authors: Khattak Nida , Riaz Muhammad , Iqbal Raheel , Hussain Sana , Jawad Mohammad , Ahmed Fayyaz
Published: February 2023

Background: Head injury is a global health problem that can cause disability and may result in death. CT scan detects and precisely localizes the skull fractures, epidural/subdural/subarachnoid hemorrhages, brain contusions and cerebral edema etc. CT has proven to be a valuable tool in the early diagnosis and prompt management of head trauma patients and has resulted in significant improvement in morbidity and mortality. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study, including 380 patients, presented to Radiology Department of Hayatabad Medical Complex with a history of head trauma for computed tomography examination, from October 2019 to October 2020. The nature of the brain and skull lesions was analyzed in our study and the frequency of various findings was recorded. Results: Among 380 patients, the majority were males (248) making the male to female ratio to be around 2:1. The most prevalent finding was skull fractures (23.4%) followed by cerebral contusions (17.1%). Among extra-axial brain hemorrhages, extradural hematoma (15.2%) was observed more than subdural hematoma (6.8%) while only 3.4% presented with subarachnoid hemorrhages which also included intraventricular hemorrhages. Practical Implication: As road traffic accidents are the most common cause of head injuries so road traffic safety measures ought to be strictly enforced. Most of the CT scan done during head injuries were normal so CT guidelines for ordering should be implemented to scale back extra patient irradiation, unnecessary waste of resources and a further burden on the radiology department. Keywords: Head Injury, Computed Tomography (CT), Road Traffic Accidents (RTA), Skull Fractures, Epidural Hematoma.
Early Bone Pain Relief a Reliable Indicator of Successful Para Thyroidectomy - A Comparative Prospective Study
Authors: Haider Nazia , . Ghansham , Mahmood Zahid , Burki Bilal , Karwar Rizwan
Published: February 2023

Aim: To evaluate early bone pain relief as anindicatorof successful Para thyroidectomy in hyperparathyroidism. Methodology: A prospective, comparative study was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, between March 2022 and August 2022. All patients with symptoms of hyperparathyroidism, confirmed with increased intact parathyroid hormone and elevated levels of calcium onpresentation were included in the study. Patients were classified as primaryhyperparathyroidism when the MIBI scan detected an adenoma with clinical features ofhypercalcemia and increased PTH whereas, patients were diagnosed with secondaryhyperparathyroidism if patient presented with renal failure, persistently high levels of PTH, as well as hypocalcemia. All patients with primary hyperparathyroidism underwentexcision for adenoma while patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism underwenttotal Para thyroidectomy and auto transplantation. Visual analogue scale was used toassess bone pain at presentation and 12 to 24 hours after procedure, and then six-weeks atfollow-up. Change in symptomatology was observed and compared between the twosets of patients. Results: A total of fourteen primary hyperparathyroidism cases were observed in ourcenter. 13 patients presented with bone pain and deformity, three of these patients were operated for renal stones, three patients had depressive symptoms. The calcium ranged from 12-15mg/dl with adenoma ranging from 1.0 cm to 4.0 cm.Three cases were diagnosed as secondary hyperparathyroidism, secondary to renal failure. Total Para thyroidectomy was done to remove all four parathyroid glands with subsequent auto transplant. All patients had hypo calcemic signs postoperative, which was relieved after calcium transfusion for two days followed by oral. Conclusion: In all patients, irrespective of the cause of the hyperparathyroidism, early pain reliefwas correlated with successful parathyroid surgery. Keywords: Parathyroid, hyperparathyroidism, primary, secondary, PTH, calcium, pain
Bacterial Spectrum and Associated Sociodemographic Factors in Pediatric Blood Stream Infections at Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Ishrat Hafsa Maria , Ehsan Shaista , Fatima Nazish , Anwar Tayyaba
Published: February 2023

Aim: To determine the bacterial spectrum and the frequency of sepsis in infants and children presenting to a tertiary care hospital, as well as its association with sociodemographic factors. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional research was performed at the Department of Pediatrics, Ziauddin University Hospital Karachi. A total of 199 children records in the age group from 29 days to 12 years of age with a report of positive blood culture were included in the study. Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used. Records were reviewed retrospectively and demographic data collected such as gender, age, diagnosis, type of admission (medical or surgical), length of stay in the hospital, and primary diagnosis with associated co-morbidities. SPSS was used for statistical analysis. The findings of quantitative variables were reported in terms of mean and standard deviation and qualitative variables in terms of frequency and percentages. Inferential statistics were analyzed by using Chi-square for comparing positivity of culture with baseline characteristics and a p-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of the study population and the mean duration of hospital stay were 45.95±37.15 months and 7.61±3.61 days respectively. Out of a total of 199 cases with positive blood culture findings for bacterial isolates, coagulase negative staphylococci were found in 95(47.7%), Staphylococci Aureus in 57(28.6%), Streptococci species in 54(27.1%), E. Coli in 24(12.1%), Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in 14(7%), Klebsiella Pneumonia in 13(6.5%), Enterococcus species in 11(5.5%). Practical implication: Sepsis in the pediatric age group is associated with a high mortality and increased length of hospital stay. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment is the key to improve outcome of sepsis. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of sepsis in children less than 48 months of age, more commonly in children with incomplete vaccination, female gender, decreased maternal educational level and a lower socioeconomic status especially in blood culture positive cases with unusual organisms such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and gram-negative bacilli Keywords: Sepsis, Tertiary care, Pediatric intensive care, gram positive organism
Prevalence of Sacroiliac Joint Pain in Pregnant Women of Lahore City
Authors: Shafiq Hira , Tauqeer Sana , Younas Fatima , Ghafoor Sobia , Asghar Momina , Azam Meryam
Published: February 2023

Background: Bio-mechanical changes during pregnancy impose postural deviation, its leading sacroiliac joint pain, or this pain increase with advancing pregnancy or interface the daily activities or sleep. Aim: To determine the prevalence of sacroiliac joint pain. Methods: This Cross sectional study was conducted at Kannan Physiotherapy and Spine Clinic Lahore, Pakistan. Convenient sampling non-probability sampling method was used, PGQ questionnaire or clinical tests are used to diagnose the sacroiliac joint pain. Results: Total pregnant women are 196, There sum of all activity or sum value divided by 75 or multiply by 100, mean 37.30; std. deviation 18.239; minimum 0; maximum 85.(the population of 1000 pregnant women were considered of which 196(19.6%) said they feel pain while 804(80.4%) said they didn’t feel pain or pain increase with trimester. Conclusion: The study concluded that pregnant women are at mild to moderate rate of developing sacroiliac joint pain due to repetitive bad posture or heavy weight during pregnancy. Keywords: Pregnancy, Sacroiliac joint pain, Pelvic girdle questionnaire, clinical test.
Effects of Resistive Diaphragmatic Training on the Pulmonary Functions in patients with Chronic Stroke
Authors: Mushtaq Bushra , Afzal Hamna , Iqbal Mushayaida , Aftab Anum
Published: February 2023

Background: Stroke is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. It is a cerebrovascular disease, characterized by decreased blood supply to the brain tissues. It is known that patients with stroke have respiratory muscle weakness. Aim: To evaluate the effects of Resistive Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercises on the pulmonary functions in patients with chronic stroke. Method: A randomized controlled trial was conducted. 20 subjects were recruited based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and were allocated to Group A and B. Assessment of Pulmonary Functions was undertaken by Digital incentive Spirometer. Group A received treatment with Digital Incentive Spirometer. Group B received Digital Incentive Spirometer training and also inspiratory Muscle training (IMT), Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercises. 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks were given to each patient. The two groups were reassessed after 3 weeks of treatment. Follow up was taken 4 weeks after completion of treatment. Data was analyzed by using SPSS 21. Results: There was a statistically significant change within both groups in the VC, FVC, PEF, SPO2 and FEV1 and FEV1/FVC with p- value of < 0.05. Both were effective but using inspiratory Muscle training along with Digital incentive Spirometer training technique showed more improvement. Conclusion: Resistive Diaphragmatic breathing exercises found better than the simple spirometer training for improving the pulmonary functions. Resistance through Thera bands at the sternal and costal level have found the better results. Resistive Diaphragmatic breathing have better results in VC and FVC, FEV. These techniques if incorporated in early rehabilitation protocol of stroke patient helps in early discharge. Key words: Stroke, Inspiratory Muscle training, Spirometer training, diaphragmatic breathing
Association of Perceived Stress with Gender and BMI in students appearing in University Entrance Examination
Authors: Saleem Qurratulain , Khan Adil , Hameed Taif , Begum Amna , Ansari Tanveer Ahmed , Abro Saleem Ullah
Published: February 2023

Background: Students have been found to report high levels of perceived stress in daily life. However, it exerts many effects on students’ health and outcome or output in examinations results. Aim: To determine the association of perceived stress with gender and body mass index (BMI) in students appearing in the university entrance examination. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study was done to find out the association between variables. The total sample size was 498 (401 Female and 88 male) pre-medical and pre-engineering students with a mean age of samples were 18 (SD=±0.83) years. The purposive sampling technique was used to collect the student’s data from aptitude training centers in Karachi from August to September 2021 by applying Sheldon Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). Data was analyzed by using SPSS. Results: There was a moderate stress level of perceived stress in students. The perceived stress was significantly associated with gender (<0.01), while no significant association between stress and BMI (>0.45). Practical Implication: This study would be helpful for the parents and teachers to assess the mental health level (perceived stress) of their new generation, who are striving for a bright future. As to train them for positive coping with this stress and train them for dealing effectively with any worrisome circumstances effectively, as to prevent psychological distress and suicidal ideation in young people of society. Conclusion: In this study moderate stress was observed and perceived stress was significantly associated with gender in our study participants. Keywords: Coping, Perceived stress, perceived stress scale‑10, Students.
Diagnostic Accuracy of GeneXpert in Pulmonary and Extra-pulmonary Specimens in Tertiary Care Settings of South Punjab
Authors: Shabbir Rashda , Naqvi SM Abbas , Saeed Javaria , . Guljanan , Shamas Shazia , Rehman Sana
Published: February 2023

Aim: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of GeneXpert in pulmonary and extra-pulmonary specimens taking LJ media as the gold standard. Study design and settings: This cross sectional study was undertaken in the Provincial Reference TB Laboratory collaboration with Pathology Department, Nishtar Medical University Multan from November 2020-November 2021. Methodology: A total of 210 suspected TB cases of aged 18 years and above were included. Samples from suspects were collected. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to collect demographic information, history, and other required information and samples were processed for culture on LJ medium while second sample was processed for GeneXpert. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS. Results: A total of 210 patients were enrolled consisting of 113(53.8%) males and 97(46.2%) with overall mean age of patients as 36.81±16.22 years. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy were calculated by taking LJ culture as gold standard remained to be 75.13%, 88.24%, 98.64%, 23.81% & 76.19% for smear and 99.48%, 83.33%, 98.45%, 93.75% and 98.10% respectively for GeneXpert. Conclusion: GeneXpert has been found to be extremely efficient technique in certain diagnosis of TB along provision of rifampicin susceptibility thus, helpful in early indication of MDR TB. Keywords: GeneXpert, Culture on LJ, Tuberculosis, Diagnosis.
Quality of Life in Patients with Alopecia Areata presenting to the Department of Dermatology at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Aisha , Perveen Zahida , Zulfiqar Madiha , Umbreen Shaista , Liaqat Zartaj , Saeed Mariam
Published: February 2023

Background: Alopecia Areata (AA), also known as spot baldness is thought to be autoimmune in origin, marked by patchy, non-scarring hair loss. More recently, a strong association between the sufferers of AA and disorders of mood disturbances, anxiety and depression has been noted. Aim: To determination the mean quality of life score in patients with alopecia areata (AA). Study design: Prospective, cross-sectional study. Place and duration: Department of Dermatology, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore from March 2021 to September 2021. Methodology: After ethical approval, we included 124 patients irrespective of their gender aged between 18-60 years presenting with AA in this study after informed consent. Patient’s demographic details were noted. Quality of life was assessed using Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score. Results: Of the total 125 patients, about 59.2% patients were male and 40.8% females, with a mean of 29.72±11.01 years. The mean duration of disease was 9.45±8.56 months. DLQI score ranged from 2 to 24 with a mean of 6.74±4.60. When stratified, DLQI score was significantly higher among females (p=0.008), those with disease duration >12 months (p=0.000) and severe disease (p=0.024). Conclusion: This study found that AA is associated with deterioration of quality of life of patients and the effect is more marked among female patients and those with more severe and chronic disease. Key-words: alopecia areata, quality of life, dermatology, autoimmune disease
Otel İşletmelerinde Yenilik Ölçeği Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması
Authors: ATİK Ezgi , BARAZ Avni Barış
Published: February 2023

Ülkelerin ekonomilerinde önemli bir paya sahip olan turizm işletmeleri, küresel ve ulusal boyuttaki değişim ve gelişimlerden çok hızlı etkilenmektedir. Turizm sektöründe yer alan işletmeler, küresel ve ulusal boyuttaki değişimin etkilerini olumlu şekilde yönetmek, değişen ve gelişen çevre koşullarına uyum sağlayabilmek ve sektörde rekabet üstünlüğü sağlamak amacıyla stratejik bir araç olarak yenilik yönetiminden yararlanmaktadır. Hizmet sektörü içerisinde yer almanın da beraberinde getirdiği emek yoğun olma, stoklanamama ve ayrılmazlık gibi bazı özellikler, otel işletmelerinde yenilik kavramını diğer sektörlerden farklılaştırmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, otel işletmelerinde yeniliğe ilişkin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Bu amaçla yapılan araştırmada, Anadolu Üniversitesi’nde uzaktan öğrenim gören ve aynı zamanda otel çalışanı olan öğrenciler araştırma evreni olarak belirlenmiş, çevrimiçi anket tekniği ile toplam 546 öğrenciden elde edilen veriler analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, otel işletmelerinde yeniliğin teknik yenilik ve yönetsel yenilik olmak üzere iki alt boyuttan oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. Geliştirilen ölçeğin ilgili literatüre otel işletmelerinde yeniliğin türlerinin belirlenmesi açısından katkı sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Entre la invisibilidad y la hipervisibilidad: la experiencia del racismo en Citizen. An American Lyric de Claudia Rankine
Authors: Stecher Lucía
Published: February 2023

En este artículo analizo Citizen. An American Lyric (2014) de la escritora jamaicano-estadounidense Claudia Rankine. Citizen ofrece una aproximación multimodal y polifónica al racismo en Estados Unidos y se centra en el impacto que este tiene sobre las vidas de las personas y comunidades negras, que se ven sometidas a experiencias cotidianas, repetitivas e insidiosas de microagresiones raciales, a la vez que viven con el miedo a ser víctimas de la violencia policial, o que esta les arrebate a sus seres queridos. Citizen yuxtapone escenas de microagresiones racistas con otras en las que la violencia racista es manifiesta, dando cuenta del complejo engranaje que produce y perpetúa el racismo en Estados Unidos. Propongo también en mi lectura que el eje de invisibilidad e hipervisibilidad presente en el libro expone aspectos centrales de las experiencias de discriminación que afectan a la población afroestadounidense.
Rezension von: Bähr, Andreas, Der grausame Komet
Authors: Göpfert Eberhard , Bähr Andreas
Published: February 2023

Andreas Bähr: Der grausame Komet. Himmelszeichen und Weltgeschehen im Dreißigjährigen Krieg. Reinbek bei Hamburg (Rowohlt) 2017. 302 S., Abb.
Rezension von: Wiechert, Jan, Böse alte Zeit
Authors: Schreiner Kurt , Wiechert Jan
Published: February 2023

Jan Wiechert: Böse alte Zeit. Kriminalfälle aus der hohenlohischen Geschichte. 3. Aufl. Meßkirch (Gmeiner) 2018. 201 S., zahlr. Abb.
Rezension von: Graf, Klaus, Ein politischer Kopf aus Ostschwaben
Authors: Schreiner Kurt , Graf Klaus
Published: February 2023

Klaus Graf: Ein politischer Kopf aus Ostschwaben: Johann Gottfried Pahl 1768–1839, Pfarrer und Publizist (Hg. Stiftung Literaturforschung in Ostwürttemberg), Schwäbisch Gmünd (Einhorn) 2018
Rezension von: Frauenknecht, Erwin; Rückert, Peter (Bearb.), Mechthild (1419–1482) im Spiegel der Zeit
Authors: Kohl Herbert , Frauenknecht Erwin , Rückert Peter
Published: February 2023

Mechthild (1419–1482) im Spiegel der Zeit. Begleitbuch und Katalog zur Ausstellung des Landesarchivs Baden-Württemberg, Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart. Bearb. v. Erwin Frauenknecht und Peter Rückert. Stuttgart (Kohlhammer) 2019. 248 S., zahlr. Abb.