bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Puutx We'Wnxi Uma Kiwe” comunicación desde la Madre Tierra: Una mirada de la comunicación propia, desde la práctica comunitaria como un camino de vida
Authors: Muñoz Atillo Dora Estella
Published: October 2018

El presente artículo comparte desde el pensamiento y la práctica de vida; cómo el pueblo Nasa del norte del Cauca en Colombia, interpreta y camina “Puutx We’wnxi Uma Kiwe”, la comunicación desde la madre tierra, entendida como una relación espiritual y natural que transmite mensajes de vida y nos convoca a todos los seres, como sus hijos e hijas a cuidarla, defenderla y liberarla. Hace énfasis en las formas ancestrales mediante las cuales, el pueblo Nasa se comunica naturalmente con la Madre Tierra “Uma Kiwe” y nos convoca con urgencia al cuidado del territorio “la casa grande de todos los seres”. Es la perspectiva del espacio que no puede ser considerado mercancía, ni sometido a las políticas económicas de explotación y saqueo por poner en grave riesgo la vida misma. Finalmente, discute las experiencias de articulación que se producen entre los medios, formas y espacios de la comunicación propia, con las herramientas y técnicas de información, como estrategia política de organización y de lucha del movimiento indígena, y para la visibilización, concientización y movilización para el cuidado y protección del territorio en un contextol en el que Uma Kiwe, nos convoca a entender sus mensajes y liberarla, para que sus hijos vivamos en libertad y dignidad.
Tejiendo el camino recorrido del colectivo de comunicación popular El Andarín: “Iniciando el Camino hacia una Sistematización”
Authors: Zambrana Campo Monica
Published: October 2018

A lo largo de las páginas de este texto, los integrantes del “Kolectivo El Andarín” relatan la experiencia de cinco años recorriendo, construyendo y reconstruyendo los caminos de la comunicación y la educación popular. Sus vivencias no solo han sido narradas con la intención de hacer una mirada crítica a su andar, sino que además en ellas se reflejan las historias, luchas y reivindicaciones de las comunidades, especialmente la indígena, con las que han trabajado. Su historia, que se entrelaza con otras, es la fuente de aprendizajes, reflexiones y análisis que se plasman en este documento. Si bien, este trabajo es una aproximación a una sistematización de la experiencia, hay en él, avances significativos que permitieron, no solo darle sentido a la experiencia como Kolectivo sino también a las vidas de quienes lo integran. Un encuentro para analizar su práctica a la luz de la teoría, para construir sus propias definiciones y resignificar conceptos, pero, sobre todo, para tener las herramientas necesarias para continuar por los senderos de la comunicación y la educación popular. Senderos que indiscutiblemente para el Kolectivo El Andarín están ligados a la lucha por un mundo digno y justo para todos y todas.
La Fuerza del Ombligo, Pedagogía de la Vida
Authors: Cruz Isadora
Published: October 2018

El Cultivo y Crianza de Sabidurías y Conocimientos la “Fuerza del Ombligo, Pedagogía de la Vida”, es un estudio que fluye y se entreteje como parte importante del camino recorrido por los pueblos originarios en Colombia revitalizados con la sabiduría que les otorga la Uma Kiwe (Madre Tierra) y el cosmos. Reflexiona en torno al mundo de los conocimientos, asegurando que con la occidentalidad estos quedan limitados a la escuela, mientras, en los pueblos originarios, se potencian en la tierra y en el territorio. Es un estudio que brota desde el relato, “la conversa” y los espacios de encuentros originados en las asambleas y las reuniones familiares con mayoras, mayores, sabedoras y sabedores, recuperando desde esta sabiduría la práctica de la comunicación que ha guiado el camino de la comunidad para defender el territorio, la identidad y la pervivencia del Pueblo Nasa. La riqueza del estudio trasciende las rupturas profundas y el dolor provocado por el conflicto armado colombiano y se centra en los desafíos presentes que tiene el Pueblo Nasa, por conservar sus raíces, prácticas, tradiciones, conocimientos, identidad, permanencia y lengua materna, la Nasa Yuwe. Cuentan los mayores que gracias a la lengua se lograron avances en la recuperación de la tierra. Con esta importancia, el documento intenta cultivar ese saber que también brota desde el vientre de la Uma Kiwe (guiador espiritual).
Presentación No. 10
Authors: Editor El
Published: October 2018

Revista de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales, n° 10, julio-diciembre 2017: 9-10
Claro oscuro salvadoreño. La fotografía en la propaganda guerrillera.
Authors: García Torres Lilia
Published: October 2018

El estudio ofrece un panorama general de la producción fotográfica realizada por las organizaciones guerrilleras salvadoreñas, que siguiendo la idea leninista de la prensa como arma de combate, establecieron estructuras contra hegemónicas de propagada. Debido a que la mayoría de los archivos guerrilleros se desarticularon, mutilaron y perdieron durante el conﬂicto o la post-guerra, para este trabajo se revisaron las publicaciones guerrilleras como un instrumento que permite anclar la producción fotográfica y conocer el uso que se le dio. El método de la historia oral a través de entrevistas focalizadas con dirigentes políticos, responsables operativos y militantes fotógrafos fue fundamental para reconstruir los contextos de producción. Como resultado se observó que todas las organizaciones armadas produjeron fotografías con estructuras propias o a través de acuerdos con periodistas internacionales, mismas que fueron utilizadas en un amplio espectro desde elementos decorativos hasta vehículos comunicativos casi autónomos. Aprovechando el carácter mimético de la fotografía con la realidad y su «aura documental», para despertar solidaridad estos grupos se auto representaron de manera muy positiva.Revista de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales, n° 10, julio-diciembre 2017: 87-138
Pensar la educación artística en el currículo nacional : evidencias, reflexiones para imaginar un nuevo escenario de la asignatura en El Salvador.
Authors: Valle Contreras Marta Eugenia
Published: October 2018

Tantas décadas de no atender el área artística en el país y, en consecuencia, en el currículo nacional como reﬂejo de lo primero, ha generado desafíos de carácter estructural en la educación artística dentro del sistema educativo. Esto demanda pensar en una Estrategia Nacional para el Fomento de la Educación Artística desde el abordaje integral, sistémico y estratégico de la problemática para llegar al escenario deseado. Se resumen los desafíos identificados en el estudio publicado, en 2011, por el Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias y Humanidades (CICH) de la Universidad Dr. José Matías Delgado; se reportan avances y se ponen en contexto. Además se incluyen notas, a manera de preámbulo, a las puertas de entregar un nuevo estudio (desarrollado entre 2014-2016). Al final, se incorporan reﬂexiones para pensar en una Estrategia Nacional para el Fomento de la Educación Artística con el propósito de aportar a un abordaje integral de la problemática.Revista de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales, n° 8, julio-diciembre 2016: 15-49
Prácticas autoritarias y democráticas de poder en El Salvador. Tendencias en el pasado y en el presente.
Authors: López Velásquez Eugenia
Published: October 2018

Este ensayo presenta una versión corta de un estudio de las tendencias de la cultura política en El Salvador, construido sobre la base de una revisión bibliográfica y fuentes primarias, en el cual se recorre un largo periodo de finales de la etapa monárquica hispánica a la historia presente. Aquí se sustenta que las prácticas de poder en El Salvador de manera recurrente han tendido hacia el autoritarismo, bajo formas jerárquicas y viciadas en el marco de una débil institucionalidad y dentro de un sistema político basado en la práctica de privilegios, desigualdad social, cultural y económica. Atributos formados en una larga data a pesar de los cambios hacia un orden jurídico democrático, construyéndose así una cultura política fuertemente arraigada en la costumbre, lo que no solo se aprecia en las altas esferas del poder, sino también vemos su reproducción en los medianos y pequeños espacios.Revista de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales, n° 9, enero-junio 2017: 57-94
La revolución capitalista de Chile.
Authors: Gárate Chateau Manuel
Published: October 2018

Revista de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales, n° 9, enero-junio 2017: 149-165
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE EXTREMOS MENSAIS DE PRECIPITAÇÃO EM CACOAL (RO)
Authors: Santos Roziane Sobreira dos , Vieira Páblo Dias , Evangelista Dilson Henrique Ramos , Oliveira Leydimere Janny Cota , Nonato Deivisom
Published: October 2018

Este estudo teve por objetivo ajustar uma distribuição de probabilidade a dados de precipitação extrema mensal em uma região no sudoeste da Amazônia, visando uma melhor compreensão da dinâmica dos extremos de precipitação, por meio de modelagem estatística, fornecendo subsídios para análises e planejamento futuro. A estimação dos parâmetros de cada distribuição candidata foi realizada utilizando o método de máxima verossimilhança, que apresenta bons resultados com variância menor das estimativas. Para a aderência dos dados às distribuições propostas foi realizada a verificação por métodos gráficos (diagramas de QQ-plot e PP-Plot) e utilizado o teste de aderência de Kolmogorov-Smirnov com 5% de significância. Os resultados mostraram que a distribuição extrema de chuvas em Cacoal é em entorno de 50 mm.A análise gráfica apontou para bom ajustes das distribuições estudadas, com exceção a distribuição Exponencial. Ao realizar o teste de aderência com 5% de significância de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, constatou-se o observado graficamente, sendo que as distribuições Lognormal, seguida da distribuição Gumbel, se apresentaram como as distribuições que melhor se ajustaram aos dados em análise.
PERCEPÇÕES DE MUDANÇAS DO CLIMA, IMPACTOS E ADAPTAÇÃO PARA SERTANEJOS DO SEMIÁRIDO
Authors: Silva Valdenildo Pedro da , França Gabryelle Larissa dos Santos
Published: October 2018

As mudanças climáticas consistem em uma preocupação mundial, tendo em vista que seus impactos podem ser irreversíveis. No Nordeste, a região semiárida, onde predomina a Caatinga, tem sofrido com as secas, ocasionadas pelo baixo regime de chuvas, que dificulta o acesso à água e impossibilita a realização de atividades agropecuárias. Tais secas podem conter fortes relações com as mudanças do clima. O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar a percepção ambiental de sertanejos do Rio Grande do Norte sobre mudanças climáticas e impactos, assim como as mitigações e as adaptações adotadas à convivência com a semiaridez. Para a execução do estudo, foram realizados levantamentos bibliográficos e documentais, bem como entrevistas. Estas, realizadas in loco, adotaram o critério de saturação para a obtenção do número de entrevistados. Os resultados apontaram que, em virtude das alterações ambientais ocorridas na paisagem local e da escassez dos recursos hídricos, as mudanças climáticas foram percebidas por 86% dos entrevistados. Essa escassez foi citada por 57% deles como a principal adversidade proveniente das referidas mudanças. Diante de tal situação, 64,3% dos sertanejos utilizam técnicas de mitigação e de adaptação para amenizar as consequências da calamitosa convivência com a seca. A pesquisa concluiu que a adoção dessas medidas, por envolverem questões complexas de caráter ambiental, social e econômico, é crucial para os sertanejos do semiárido do Rio Grande do Norte e apontou a necessidade de implementação de diretrizes, estratégias ou métodos ambientais mais sustentáveis que visem a reduzir os efeitos prejudiciais das mudanças climáticas.
ASPECTOS CLIMATOLÓGICOS ASSOCIADOS AO CULTIVO DA OLIVEIRA (Olea europaea L.) EM MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Garcia Sâmia Regina , Santos Diego Felipe dos , Martins Fabrina Bolzan , Torres Roger Rodrigues
Published: October 2018

No intuito de suprir as necessidades do consumo interno de azeite e azeitona, muitos produtores no Brasil, mais especificamente no sul de Minas Gerais, têm investido nesse cultivo. Entretanto, para viabilizar a expansão da olivicultura é necessário conhecer as condições climáticas limitantes ao seu cultivo, principalmente em relação a eventos extremos de temperatura e precipitação; que são os maiores limitantes à olivicultura. Por isso, o objetivo deste estudo é determinar as áreas climatologicamente aptas ao cultivo da oliveira, em Minas Gerais. Para isso, foram calculadas as climatologias mensais de precipitação e das temperaturas média, máxima e mínima do ar; para o período de 1981 a 2010, em 49 estações meteorológicas de Minas Gerais. Também foram calculados os percentis para determinação de eventos extremos de precipitação (P5 e P95), temperatura máxima (T90) e mínima (T10); além de contabilizar o número de casos com temperatura inferior a 9,5°C e superior a 30°C. Por fim, foi analisado a relação da quantidade dos eventos extremos com as fases fenológicas da oliveira. Os eventos de temperatura inferior a 9,5°C, ocorrem com maior frequência (≥1500 eventos) na região sul do estado. Com relação a eventos de temperatura superior a 30°C, há um maior número de casos (≥1000 eventos) no noroeste, norte, Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Central e Triângulo Mineiro. Já a precipitação não inviabiliza o cultivo de oliveira em Minas Gerais, principalmente pela possibilidade de irrigação suplementar nas regiões com maiores registros de P5 e pelo pequeno número de casos (≤ 24 eventos) de P95. Somente as regiões sul e pequena parte do centro-oeste de Minas Gerais possuem características climáticas favoráveis ao cultivo de oliveira
ADAPTAÇÃO TRANSCULTURAL DE UM INSTRUMENTO DE AVALIAÇÃO DE FERIDAS
Authors: Rocha Domingues Elaine Aparecida , De Carvalho Maiúme Roana Ferreira , Kaizer Uiara Aline de Oliveira
Published: October 2018

Objetivo: traduzir e adaptar culturalmente o instrumento de Avaliação da Cicatrização de Feridas Crônicas para alíngua portuguesa do Brasil. Método: estudo quantitativo, tipo metodológico, seguindo as etapas tradução, síntese dastraduções, retrotradução, revisão por um comitê de especialistas e pré-teste. A pesquisa foi realizada nas Unidades deSaúde de Itajubá e Três Corações - Minas Gerais com amostra de 30 enfermeiros estomaterapeutas e/ou com práticaclínica no tratamento de feridas. Foi avaliada a validade de conteúdo por meio do cálculo do Índice de Validadede Conteúdo e praticabilidade do instrumento. Resultado: o instrumento apresentou-se como de fácil aplicação ecompreensibilidade demonstrando ser aplicável na cultura brasileira. Quanto à praticabilidade, o tempo médio depreenchimento do instrumento foi de três minutos. O instrumento final, com alterações sugeridas pelos juízes, foiencaminhado e aprovado pelo autor. Conclusão: originou-se um instrumento aplicável à realidade brasileira.
n. 11 - SISTEMA NACIONAL DE EDUCAÇÃO: ENTRE RASTROS, AVANÇOS E RETROCESSOS
Authors: Tamanini Paulo Augusto , Souza Maria Do Socorro
Published: October 2018

Este artigo objetiva refletir acerca do Sistema Nacional de Educação, abordando os avanços e retrocessos que vêm demarcando as tentativas de sua implementação na seara educacional brasileira, a partir da perspectiva teórica de Dermeval Saviani. Inicialmente, é feita uma análise dos termos sistema e sistema de ensino, na tentativa de oportunizar uma melhor clareza do tema em análise. Em seguida, o texto traz uma breve apresentação da trajetória histórica dessa proposta de organizar, articuladamente, as diversas redes de ensino, desde sua origem nas ideias liberalistas difundidas pela Revolução Francesa - que advogavam ser a educação responsabilidade do Estado - até os dias atuais, com o debate a respeito do Sistema Nacional de Educação na legislação brasileira, em documentos oficiais e nos programas governamentais. Percebe-se que esse trajeto assemelha-se a um pêndulo, pois é marcado por avanços e retrocessos, ora centralizando, ora descentralizando a educação. Por fim, são discutidos alguns óbices que vêm impedindo a instituição do Sistema Nacional de Ensino, o que, conclui-se, conduz à perpetuação de uma educação ineficiente e ineficaz, incapaz de responder às demandas da sociedade do conhecimento e de formar sujeitos da História.
n. 14 - POLÍTICA DE VALORIZAÇÃO DO MAGISTÉRIO PÚBLICO: A BONIFICAÇÃO NA REDE DE ENSINO ESTADUAL DO ACRE
Authors: Verçosa Pelegrino Santos , Bassi Marcos Edgar
Published: October 2018

Resumo: O artigo tem por objetivo examinar a implantação de política de bonificação para o magistério de educação básica na rede estadual de ensino do Acre. O estudo conclui, com base em revisão da bibliografia sobre o tema e em análise documental da legislação estadual, que as ações implementadas corroboram a perspectiva de regulação e responsabilização dos professores pelo desempenho dos alunos e pelos resultados das avaliações de larga escala em lugar da anunciada expectativa pelos gestores de valorização do magistério e melhora da qualidade do ensino.
n. 15 - APONTAMENTOS SOBRE O CONCEITO DE DEMOCRACIA EM JOSEPH H. SCHUMPETER E JÜRGEN HABERMAS
Authors: Sakata Kelly Letícia , Lima Michelle Fernandes
Published: October 2018

Este texto objetiva refletir sobre o conceito de democracia em dois autores Joseph Alois Schumpeter (1883-1950) e Jürgen Habermas (1929-atual) e sua aproximação no âmbito escolar. Para tanto, indicou os aspectos históricos que fizeram emergir as democracias de massas[1], refletiu o sentido de democracia nos dois teóricos supracitados e, por fim, analisou as convergências e as diferenças conceituais entre ambos. Os principais autores utilizados foram Habermas (1995; 2002), Pateman (1992) e Schumpeter (1984). Concluiu-se que, para os autores, a teoria democrática constitui-se como método governamental, e a participação popular das massas tem sentidos opostos, para Schumpeter ela é desnecessária e, para Habermas, essencial.[1]A Democracia de massas é a ideia moderna do conceito de democracia pensada por Marcos Nobre (2004).
n. 18 - A APRENDIZAGEM ENQUANTO OBJETO DE ESTUDO
Authors: Junges Claudete Teresinha
Published: October 2018

O presente texto é um relato de experiência resultado da intenção de possibilitar maiores oportunidades a todos os estudantes de acessar o “conhecimento poderoso”. A experiência está em andamento desde o ano de 2000, na rede municipal de ensino de Anchieta/SC, na articulação de duas ações importantes, a reorganização curricular da rede de municipal de ensino e a organização de aulas de apoio pedagógico no contraturno escolar para os estudantes, que a partir do 2º ano dos anos iniciais apresentam dificuldades na leitura, escrita e/ou compreensão dos conceitos básicos da matemática. Como resultados deste trabalho observamos que a aprendizagem passou a ser objeto de estudo na rede de ensino e a garantia de maior tempo na escola para os estudantes que mais precisam dos espaços e tempos escolares para acessar seu direito de aprender.
Manila Prepares for Independence: Filipina/o Campaigns for US Citizenship and the Reorienting of American Ethnic Histories
Authors: Hong Jane
Published: October 2018

This article examines the Philippine Commonwealth Government’s role in the success of the 1946 Luce-Celler Act’s provisions making Filipina/os eligible for US citizenship. It argues that Philippine officials at Manila adopted the legislative cause as part of their broader preparations for Philippine independence. They recognized that Filipina/o American communities would be vital to the state-building projects that followed independence, particularly through the remittances they sent back to the islands. Through this support of naturalization rights, Manila officials sought to inculcate in Filipina/o Americans a sense of responsibility to the islands that transcended formal citizenship. A centering of Manila’s role in the Washington-based naturalization campaign reveals Philippine officials’ instrumental understanding of the US citizenship bill as a means to achieve their own national goals. More broadly, it foregrounds decolonization and the dismantling of formal empire as important levers of US exclusion repeal toward Asian peoples.
The Case of the Waylaid Immigrant Inspector: Authority, Respectability, and Sexual Misconduct, 1921
Authors: Catterson Lauren D.
Published: October 2018

Drawing on a case file created on an immigrant inspector accused of sexual misconduct by an alien prostitute facing deportation in Detroit, this article traces the thorough investigation the US Immigration Service pursued when a serious allegation was made against one of its own. It presents the twists and turns of the investigation, reading transcripts of testimonies and internal correspondence between Detroit, Montréal, and Washington both along and against the grain. It argues that the case sheds critical light on how the Immigration Service understood respectable masculinity and the proper exercise of authority in the early 1920s. Due to the nature of their work, especially cases involving alleged “immoral” women and prostitutes, immigrant inspectors were supposed to embody the ideals of respectable middle-class masculinity, including order, moderation, and self-restraint. Improper sexual relations was a serious charge that challenged not only the reputation of the immigrant inspector, but also the Immigration Service more broadly.
Making Contact with the Captive Peoples: The Eisenhower Administration, Cultural Infiltration, and Sports Tours to Eastern Europe
Authors: Rider Toby , Witherspoon Kevin
Published: October 2018

Although scholars have explored the efforts of the Dwight D. Eisenhower administration to forge greater cultural ties with the Soviet Union through sporting contacts, they have generally overlooked the fact that the U.S. government also sent American athletes to Eastern Europe in the same era. As this article will demonstrate, the presence of American athletes in Romania, Poland, and Hungary from 1956 to 1958 provided the White House with exactly the type of propaganda outcome it desired. In lengthy detail, U.S. diplomats in Eastern Europe reported that the warm and enthusiastic reception given to American athletes in each satellite country had been a political boon. These exchanges, read in the context of U.S. foreign policy, reveal a great deal about the Eisenhower administration’s approach toward “rolling back” communism in Eastern Europe and its shift from advocating “evolution” as opposed to outright “revolution” in the region.
Middle School Students’ Misconceptions about the Concepts of Astronomy
Authors: GORECEK BAYBARS Meryem , Can Sendil
Published: October 2018

The purpose of the current study is to conduct developmental comparison of the middle school students’ misconceptions about the concepts of astronomy. The sampling of the study is comprised of middle school students attending a private school located in the west of Turkey. A total of 144 students participated in the study. In order to determine the students’ perceptions of the concepts of astronomy, a data collection tool consisting of five open-ended questions was developed by the researchers. The data collected through this data collection tool was subjected to content analysis; on the basis of the analysis of the students’ responses, codes were determined and on the basis of these codes, themes were constructed. The results are presented as percentages and frequencies. When the findings of the study were generally evaluated, it was concluded that the students have misconceptions about the concepts of astronomy.
Work-life balance as a significant element of corporate social responsibility- perspectives of banks in Poland
Authors: Gulewicz Maria-Magdalena
Published: October 2018

The article presents issues of reconciliation of professional and family life as well as activities that organizations take to maintain balance. The considerations are based on literature studies and own research results. It has been pointed out that this is a significant problem, and activities in this area undertaken by organizations within the framework of corporate social responsibility have been assessed.
Estimation of Forces Acting on a Sailboat Using a Kinematic Sensor
Authors: Kalin Alan Mahne , Žagar Dejan , Vidmar Peter
Published: October 2018

Amateur keel boat racing has becoming more and more popular on coastal regions with an old sailing tradition, such as in Adriatic. Although the traditional experience is transmitted to new generations of skippers and crews that compete on national and international regattas with open class boat, the material limits of the boat are often measured subjectively, by sail or mast failure, and transmitted by a story. Most sailors know why some component failed, but often they don’t know what force was needed for the particular failure. Forces acting on a boat are usually estimated with CFD and towing tank experiment for relevant sailing conditions, but full scale data in seaway are rarely taken. Here we wanted to show a low budget method to get a rough estimate of aerodynamic and hydrodynamic forces acting on a keel sailboat using a kinematic sensor. Some approximations are taken into account to construct a simplified mathematical sailboat model, which allow to relate kinematic data to forces acting on sail, hull, keel and rudder. Some data as the geometry and mass distribution of the boat has to be known, other parameters such as water resistance instead has to be experimentally measured. Results of a series of measurements are presented and discussed. Looking on the limitations of such a method, a proposal for a new sensor is made.
Lamina-specific cortical dynamics in human visual and sensorimotor cortices
Authors: Bonaiuto James J , Meyer Sofie S , Little Simon , Rossiter Holly , Callaghan Martina F , Dick Frederic , Barnes Gareth R , Bestmann Sven
Published: October 2018

Distinct anatomical and spectral channels are thought to play specialized roles in the communication within cortical networks. While activity in the alpha and beta frequency range (7 – 40 Hz) is thought to predominantly originate from infragranular cortical layers conveying feedback-related information, activity in the gamma range (>40 Hz) dominates in supragranular layers communicating feedforward signals. We leveraged high precision MEG to test this proposal, directly and non-invasively, in human participants performing visually cued actions. We found that visual alpha mapped onto deep cortical laminae, whereas visual gamma predominantly occurred more superficially. This lamina-specificity was echoed in movement-related sensorimotor beta and gamma activity. These lamina-specific pre- and post- movement changes in sensorimotor beta and gamma activity suggest a more complex functional role than the proposed feedback and feedforward communication in sensory cortex. Distinct frequency channels thus operate in a lamina-specific manner across cortex, but may fulfill distinct functional roles in sensory and motor processes.
Morphogenetic degeneracies in the actomyosin cortex
Authors: Naganathan Sundar Ram , Fürthauer Sebastian , Rodriguez Josana , Fievet Bruno Thomas , Jülicher Frank , Ahringer Julie , Cannistraci Carlo Vittorio , Grill Stephan W
Published: October 2018

One of the great challenges in biology is to understand the mechanisms by which morphogenetic processes arise from molecular activities. We investigated this problem in the context of actomyosin-based cortical flow in C. elegans zygotes, where large-scale flows emerge from the collective action of actomyosin filaments and actin binding proteins (ABPs). Large-scale flow dynamics can be captured by active gel theory by considering force balances and conservation laws in the actomyosin cortex. However, which molecular activities contribute to flow dynamics and large-scale physical properties such as viscosity and active torque is largely unknown. By performing a candidate RNAi screen of ABPs and actomyosin regulators we demonstrate that perturbing distinct molecular processes can lead to similar flow phenotypes. This is indicative for a ‘morphogenetic degeneracy’ where multiple molecular processes contribute to the same large-scale physical property. We speculate that morphogenetic degeneracies contribute to the robustness of bulk biological matter in development.
Entrainment and maintenance of an internal metronome in supplementary motor area
Authors: Cadena-Valencia Jaime , García-Garibay Otto , Merchant Hugo , Jazayeri Mehrdad , de Lafuente Victor
Published: October 2018

To prepare timely motor actions, we constantly predict future events. Regularly repeating events are often perceived as a rhythm to which we can readily synchronize our movements, just as in dancing to music. However, the neuronal mechanisms underlying the capacity to encode and maintain rhythms are not understood. We trained nonhuman primates to maintain the rhythm of a visual metronome of diverse tempos and recorded neural activity in the supplementary motor area (SMA). SMA exhibited rhythmic bursts of gamma band (30–40 Hz) reflecting an internal tempo that matched the extinguished visual metronome. Moreover, gamma amplitude increased throughout the trial, providing an estimate of total elapsed time. Notably, the timing of gamma bursts and firing rate modulations allowed predicting whether monkeys were ahead or behind the correct tempo. Our results indicate that SMA uses dynamic motor plans to encode a metronome for rhythms and a stopwatch for total elapsed time.
A Phytophthora effector recruits a host cytoplasmic transacetylase into nuclear speckles to enhance plant susceptibility
Authors: Li Haiyang , Wang Haonan , Jing Maofeng , Zhu Jinyi , Guo Baodian , Wang Yang , Lin Yachun , Chen Han , Kong Liang , Ma Zhenchuan , Wang Yan , Ye Wenwu , Dong Suomeng , Tyler Brett , Wang Yuanchao
Published: October 2018

Oomycete pathogens secrete host cell-entering effector proteins to manipulate host immunity during infection. We previously showed that PsAvh52, an early-induced RxLR effector secreted from the soybean root rot pathogen, Phytophthora sojae, could suppress plant immunity. Here, we found that PsAvh52 is required for full virulence on soybean and binds to a novel soybean transacetylase, GmTAP1, in vivo and in vitro. PsAvh52 could cause GmTAP1 to relocate into the nucleus where GmTAP1 could acetylate histones H2A and H3 during early infection, thereby promoting susceptibility to P. sojae. In the absence of PsAvh52, GmTAP1 remained confined to the cytoplasm and did not modify plant susceptibility. These results demonstrate that GmTAP1 is a susceptibility factor that is hijacked by PsAvh52 in order to promote epigenetic modifications that enhance the susceptibility of soybean to P. sojae infection.
Hiperrealitas Fotografi Jurnalistik
Authors: Jati Nico Kurnia
Published: October 2018

Fotografi jurnalistik menjadi seni pendokumentasian dan pengarsipan yang mengandung nilai berita sehingga penayangannyapun harus berdasar pada nilai realitas yang ada. Editing yang berlebihan di meja redaktur foto dapat merubah unsur realitas yang ada sehingga dapat mengakibatkan terhambatnya pesan yang akan disampaikan kepada khalayak, oleh karena itu foto jurnalistik harus selalu menge­depan­kan unsur realitas sebagai pertanggungjawaban fotografer, redaktur dan media kepada masya­rakat agar tidak menggiring opini yang multi interpretatif
Perancangan Video Iklan Destination Branding Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Yudani Hen Dian
Published: October 2018

Kabupaten Kediri memiliki wilayah yang cukup luas. Kediri memiliki beberapa potensi untuk dijual dan bersaing dengan kota yang lain diantaranya budaya dan pariwisata. Destination branding Kediri dengan tagline “Kediri Lagi” memiliki beberapa media promosi. Setiap media memiliki kesatuan konsep yang baik. Media video merupakan salah satu media yang dirancang untuk promosi Kediri. Perancangan video iklan ini merupakan wujud media yang harus dipunyai karena kelebihan media ini memiliki gambar dan suara dimana cukup efektif sebagai media promosi Kediri. Tahapan perancangan yang digunakan adalah tahapan dalam membuat video yaitu tahap praproduksi, produksi dan paskaproduksi. Video iklan sebagai hasil dari perancangan ini merupakan video iklan yang dipublish di media online. Video iklan Kediri cukup efektif dalam mempromosikan wilayah Kediri yang memiliki potensi wisata alam, peninggalan sejarah dan budaya lokal.
SNARE‐mediated membrane fusion is a two‐stage process driven by entropic forces
Authors: McDargh Zachary A. , Polley Anirban , O'Shaughnessy Ben
Published: October 2018

SNARE proteins constitute the core of the exocytotic membrane fusion machinery. Fusion occurs when vesicle‐associated and target membrane‐associated SNAREs zipper into trans‐SNARE complexes (‘SNAREpins’), but the number required is controversial and the mechanism of cooperative fusion is poorly understood. We developed a highly coarse‐grained molecular dynamics simulation to access the long fusion timescales, which revealed a two‐stage process. First, zippering energy was dissipated and cooperative entropic forces assembled the SNAREpins into a ring; second, entropic forces expanded the ring, pressing membranes together and catalyzing fusion. We predict that any number of SNAREs fuses membranes, but fusion is faster with more SNAREs.
A concussion by any other name: Differences in willingness to risk brain injury by label and level of participation in high‐school and college sports
Authors: Garavito David M.N. , Reyna Valerie F. , DeTello Joseph E.
Published: October 2018

One factor in reducing the likelihood of sports‐related brain injuries is the recognition of risks. However, using colloquial terms may deemphasize the severity of these risks. We hypothesized that using colloquial language to describe sports‐related brain injuries will lead to greater willingness to take on the risk. We conducted two experiments, varying the label describing an injury (getting your bell rung, concussion, or brain injury) and assessing willingness of current athletes, former athletes, and nonathletes to accept this risk as part of sports participation. High‐school and college athletes were willing to expose themselves to a high probability of risk, compared with nonathletes, when described colloquially. However, risk thresholds were low and indistinguishable across groups when using the term “brain injury.” Findings remained significant when controlling for knowledge, age, and sensation seeking. These differences indicate that the term “getting your bell rung” should not be used to describe a brain injury.
Room‐Temperature Ferroelectricity in Hexagonally Layered α‐In2Se3 Nanoflakes down to the Monolayer Limit
Authors: Xue Fei , Hu Weijin , Lee Ko‐Chun , Lu Li‐Syuan , Zhang Junwei , Tang Hao‐Ling , Han Ali , Hsu Wei‐Ting , Tu Shaobo , Chang Wen‐Hao , Lien Chen‐Hsin , He Jr‐Hau , Zhang Zhidong , Li Lain‐Jong , Zhang Xixiang
Published: October 2018

2D ferroelectric material has emerged as an attractive building block for high‐density data storage nanodevices. Although monolayer van der Waals ferroelectrics have been theoretically predicted, a key experimental breakthrough for such calculations is still not realized. Here, hexagonally stacking α‐In2Se3 nanoflake, a rarely studied van der Waals polymorph, is reported to exhibit out‐of‐plane (OOP) and in‐plane (IP) ferroelectricity at room temperature. Ferroelectric multidomain states in a hexagonal α‐In2Se3 nanoflake with uniform thickness can survive to 6 nm. Most strikingly, the electric‐field‐induced polarization switching and hysteresis loop are, respectively, observed down to the bilayer and monolayer (≈1.2 nm) thicknesses, which designates it as the thinnest layered ferroelectric and verifies the corresponding theoretical calculation. In addition, two types of ferroelectric nanodevices employing the OOP and IP polarizations in 2H α‐In2Se3 are developed, which are applicable for nonvolatile memories and heterostructure‐based nanoelectronics/optoelectronics.
Magnetic Circular Dichroism in Nanomaterials: New Opportunity in Understanding and Modulation of Excitonic and Plasmonic Resonances
Authors: Han Bing , Gao Xiaoqing , Lv Jiawei , Tang Zhiyong
Published: October 2018

The unique capability of magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) in revealing geometry and electronic information has provided new opportunities in exploring the relationship between structure and magneto‐optical properties in nanomaterials with extraordinary optical absorption. Here, the representative studies referring to application of the MCD technique in semiconductor and noble metal nanomaterials are overviewed. MCD is powerful in elucidating the structural information of the excitonic transition in semiconductor nanocrystals, electronic transitions in noble metal nanoclusters, and plasmon resonance in noble metal nanostructures. By virtue of these advantages, the MCD technique shows its unrivalled ability in evaluating the magnetic modulation of excitonic and plasmonic optical activity of nanomaterials with varied chemical composition, geometry, assembly conformation, and coupling effect. Knowledge of the key factors in manipulating magneto‐optical properties at the nanoscale acquired with the MCD technique will largely boost the application of semiconductor and noble nanomaterials in the fields of sensing, spintronic, nanophotonics, etc.
In Situ Irradiated X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Investigation on a Direct Z‐Scheme TiO2/CdS Composite Film Photocatalyst
Authors: Low Jingxiang , Dai Benzhe , Tong Tong , Jiang Chuanjia , Yu Jiaguo
Published: October 2018

Inspired by nature, artificial photosynthesis through the construction of direct Z‐scheme photocatalysts is extensively studied for sustainable solar fuel production due to the effectiveness in enhancing photoconversion efficiency. However, there is still a lack of thorough understanding and direct evidence for the direct Z‐scheme charge transfer in these photocatalysts. Herein, a recyclable direct Z‐scheme composite film composed of titanium dioxide and cadmium sulfide (TiO2/CdS) is prepared for high‐efficiency photocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction. In situ irradiated X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ISI‐XPS) confirms the direct Z‐scheme charge‐carrier migration pathway in the photocatalytic system. Furthermore, density functional theory simulation identifies the intrinsic cause for the formation of the direct Z‐scheme heterojunction between the TiO2 and the CdS. Thanks to the significantly enhanced redox abilities of the charge carriers in the direct Z‐scheme system, the photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance of the optimized TiO2/CdS is 3.5, 5.4, and 6.3 times higher than that of CdS, TiO2, and commercial TiO2 (P25), respectively, in terms of methane production. This work is a valuable guideline in preparation of highly efficient recyclable nanocomposite for photoconversion applications.
Direct‐Write Printed, Solid‐Core Solenoid Inductors with Commercially Relevant Inductances
Authors: Gu Yuan , Park Donghun , Bowen David , Das Siddhartha , Hines Daniel R.
Published: October 2018

Additive manufacturing has the potential to fabricate passive components (e.g., capacitors, resistors, inductors, etc.) of a radio frequency (RF) circuit with minimized dimensions and controllable shapes in order to realize high‐density RF electronics for applications such as high resolution radars, healthcare monitors, and wearable sensors that involve high data‐rate transmissions. Here a novel procedure to direct‐write 3D, solid‐core solenoid‐inductors with polymer‐core, iron‐core, and ferrite‐core using aerosol‐jet 3D printing is reported. Solid‐core solenoid inductors that are of order 30 mm3 in size are achieved and most importantly, commercially relevant inductance values of microhenry (for polymer‐core) to tens and hundreds of millihenry (for ferrite and iron cores) are demonstrated, which has been beyond the scope of the previous attempts in fabricating additively manufactured inductors. Furthermore, the authors direct‐write printed inductors of various geometries and pinpoint the geometry‐dependent inductor performances.
Enhanced Emission under Mechanical Stimuli Based on Phenanthroimidazole Derivative by Controlling ISC Process
Authors: Zhang Ying , Feng Yao‐Qin , Tian Xin‐Xin , Wang Jun‐Hao , Li Honggang , Han Gaoyi , Li Dan
Published: October 2018

Limited works are reported about off–on type mechanochromic luminogens (MLs) owing to notorious quenching effect and lacking of reliable guidance. Here a novel strategy is proposed to develop off–on type ML based on phenanthroimidazole (PI) derivative by controlling the intersystem crossing (ISC) process through variation of packing mode. This work offers a molecular level understanding of the correlations between molecular structure, stacking modes, and photophysical properties. This is the first example of PI derivative for off–on ML based on controlling ISC process.
Efficient Energy Transfer within Dyes Encapsulated Metal–Organic Frameworks to Achieve High Performance White Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Tang Ying , Xia Tifeng , Song Tao , Cui Yuanjing , Yang Yu , Qian Guodong
Published: October 2018

The development of phosphor‐converted white light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs) with high quantum yield, high color‐rendering index (CRI), and moderate correlated color temperature is highly desirable and remains a challenging task. Herein, a new yellow phosphor is designed and synthesized via the simultaneous encapsulation of three highly luminescent dyes, Cou‐6, R6G, and R101 into microporous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) ZJU‐28. Due to the matched spectral overlap and efficient energy transfer processes among these dyes within MOFs, the single‐phase phosphor ZJU‐28⊃Cou‐6/R6G/R101 (0.016 wt% Cou‐6, 0.010 wt% R6G, and 0.014 wt% R101) emits bright and warm white light with high quantum yield of 82.9%, under the excitation of 460 nm blue light. In addition, by integrating the MOF phosphor on commercially available 460 nm blue LED chips, a high performance WLED lamp with a luminous efficiency value of 126 lm W−1, moderate correlated color temperature of 4446 K, and high CRI of 88 is obtained, opening a new perspective for the development of white‐light‐emitting diodes.
Graphene‐Based Composites Combining Both Excellent Terahertz Shielding and Stealth Performance
Authors: Huang Zhiyu , Chen Honghui , Xu Shitong , Chen Lucy Yimeng , Huang Yi , Ge Zhen , Ma Wenle , Liang Jiajie , Fan Fei , Chang Shengjiang , Chen Yongsheng
Published: October 2018

Strong terahertz‐response material which exhibits both excellent terahertz shielding and stealth performance is promising in practical applications of terahertz technology. Here, ultralight graphene foam (GF) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes/multiwalled graphene foam (MGF) have been first demonstrated to achieve both superior terahertz shielding and stealth performance due to the dominant absorption loss with negligible reflection. The terahertz shielding effectiveness values of GF and MGF, both 3 mm thick, reach up to 74 and 61 dB. Meanwhile, their average terahertz reflection loss values are achieved up to 23 and 30 dB, respectively, which are the best results in existing broadband terahertz shielding/stealth materials. Importantly, their qualified absorption bandwidths (reflection loss value larger than 10 dB) cover the entire measured frequency band of 0.1–1.6 THz. Furthermore, the quantitative relationships between the terahertz shielding effectiveness, reflection loss, and material parameters are accurately established, which should facilitate the material design for terahertz shielding and stealth. Comprehensively considering the important indicators of density, bandwidth, and intensity, the specific average terahertz shielding coefficient and the specific average terahertz absorption performance are achieved up to 1.1 × 105 and 3.6 × 104 dB cm3 g−1, respectively, which is over thousands of times larger than other kinds of materials reported previously.
Achieving Light‐Induced Ultrahigh Pyroelectric Charge Density Toward Self‐Powered UV Light Detection
Authors: Song Kai , Ma Nan , Mishra Yogendra Kumar , Adelung Rainer , Yang Ya
Published: October 2018

From the ferroelectric material family, BaTiO3 (BTO) demonstrates quite excellent pyroelectric features due to its inherent intrinsic spontaneous polarization capability. The pyroelectric effect induced by ultraviolet (UV) illumination can be utilized to realize the self‐powered detection of the UV light, where the photosensing characteristics can be determined by the change in charge density with time. Here, a method to increase the charge density by removing the underneath substrate and reducing the device thickness is reported. A floating BTO‐based device with thickness of ≈0.35 mm demonstrates an ultrahigh charge density of ≈1787.2 nC cm−2 under 365 nm light illumination, which is almost 11.4 times higher than that of a 0.85 mm thick BTO device on Al2O3 substrate. These reported findings establish a new strategy for enhancing the charge density of the BTO‐based devices with improved responses, which will be very helpful in upgrading the performances of future technological devices in optoelectronic devices and energy harvesters.
Harvesting Electronic Waste for the Development of Highly Efficient Eco‐Design Electrodes for Electrocatalytic Water Splitting
Authors: Jothi Vasanth Rajendiran , Bose Ranjith , Rajan Hashikaa , Jung Chiyoung , Yi Sung Chul
Published: October 2018

Disposal of e‐wastes in prescribed landfills poses serious environmental concerns at both a local and global scale. Recovering valuable materials from e‐wastes and utilizing them for development of eco‐design devices guides one to a more productive way of managing wastes. Recycled copper is capable of retaining its intrinsic properties and can be reused with same expectation of performances; capitalizing on this fact, herein, it is attempted to utilize copper from e‐waste as an economically viable catalytic substrate for overall water splitting. Upon deposition of amorphous nickel cobalt phosphide films, the scrap copper wires are highly efficient for catalyzing hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction at low overpotential (10η‐HER = 178 mV, 10η‐OER = 220 mV), and considerably promote water catalysis at 1.59 V@10 mA cm−2. Moreover, the electrodes demonstrate long‐term stability in alkaline electrolyte that can potentially be employed for large‐scale electrolyzer application. The proposed electrode architecture, by the explicit growth of bimetallic phosphide on highly conductive Cu substrate, facilitates fast electron transport and promises a minimum contact resistance between electrocatalyst and current collector. This work paves the way for development of environmentally sound electrode materials from e‐waste that can be exercised for a myriad of other clean energy reactions.
Optimization‐based process synthesis under seasonal and daily variability: Application to concentrating solar power
Authors: Peng Xinyue , Root Thatcher W. , Maravelias Christos T.
Published: October 2018

We propose an optimization‐based framework for process synthesis under variability in two frequencies. Low‐frequency variability is represented through scenarios and high‐frequency variability is modeled using modes. The proposed framework allows for the selection of different process configurations during different modes, a feature necessary to model systems under wide high frequency variability (e.g., solar‐based technologies). The optimization problem is formulated as a two‐stage stochastic programming model with mode subproblems nested inside each scenario. The proposed framework is applied to the design of concentrating solar power plants with thermochemical energy storage, leading to the formulation of a computationally efficient model, as well as the identification of a superior design. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 65: e16458 2019