bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory Response, Plasma Albumin, Creatinine, Alanine Aminotransferase, and Packed Cell Volume in Relationship with the Degree of Anemia and Gestational Age in HbAA Anemic Pregnant Women
Authors: Olaniyan Mathew Folaranmi , Muhibi Musa Abidemi , Babatunde Kehinde Abiola
Published: September 2021

Background:

Anemia in pregnancy which may be mild, moderate, or severe is a common physiological disorder that can lead to poor pregnancy outcome which may be primary or secondary to problems associated with hepatic, renal, and immune system which may be indicated by alterations in packed cell volume (PCV), alanine transaminase, albumin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and creatinine. This work is, therefore, designed to determine inflammatory response, plasma albumin, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and PCV in relationship with the degree of anemia and gestational age in anemic pregnant women.

Methods:

Two hundred (200) HbAA anemic pregnant women and 100 nonanemic pregnant women were recruited as test and control subjects, respectively. All subjects were negative to HIV-Ag-Ab, acid-fast bacillus (AFB)-Ziehl–Neelsen, Plasmodium, anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) tests. HIV-Ag-Ab, TNF-α, anti-HCV, and HBeAg were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; AFB by Ziehl–Neelsen staining; Plasmodium by thick-film Giemsa staining; hemoglobin types by hemoglobin electrophoresis; albumin, creatinine, and ALT by auto-chemistry analysis using COBAS C11; and PCV by microhematocrit tube method.

Results:

Eighteen percent (36) of the anemic pregnant women had severe anemia whereas 82% (164) had moderate anemia. The results obtained showed a significant increase in the plasma value of TNF-α and a decrease in the PCV in anemic pregnant women compared with the results obtained in the nonanemic pregnant women (P < 0.05). There was a significant increase in plasma TNF-α in severe anemia compared with the anemic pregnant women with moderate anemia (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

This work revealed a significant increase in plasma TNF-α and a decrease in PCV in anemic pregnant women which was more intense in anemic pregnant women with severe anemia while the pattern of anemia showed that 18% (36) of the anemic pregnant women had severe anemia whereas 82% (164) had moderate anemia.
Radiation Therapy as an Adjuvant Treatment after Breast-Conserving Surgery in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast
Authors: Benna Marwen , Amor Raouia Ben , Naimi Zeineb , Bohli Meriem , Kochbati Lotfi
Published: September 2021

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast is a nonmalignant tumor of the breast with a rising incidence due to systematic mammographic screening. Actual consensus on conservative therapy is based on lumpectomy followed by adjuvant radiation therapy to the whole breast. This approach has been established after multiple large clinical trials and confirmed with subsequent meta-analyses. However, there are still debates on the benefit of adjuvant radiation therapy in a largely undefined “low-risk population.” This review tries to discuss actual data on this matter and discuss the benefits and risks of radiation therapy after lumpectomy in DCIS.
Water immersion sigmoidoscopy versus standard insufflation for colorectal cancer screening
Authors: Calcara Calcedonio , Aseni Paolo , Siau Keith , Gambitta Pietro , Cadoni Sergio
Published: September 2021

Background:

Although the efficacy of water-assisted colonoscopy is well established, the role of water immersion sigmoidoscopy (WIS) remains unclear. We compared WIS with carbon dioxide insufflation sigmoidoscopy (CO2S) on patient outcomes.

Methods:

We conducted an analysis of prospectively collected data from a single-center quality improvement program about patients undergoing unsedated screening sigmoidoscopy (WIS and CO2S) between May 2019 and January 2020. Outcomes studied included the following: Rates of severe pain <17% (score of ≥7 on a numeric rating scale of 0–10, and on a Likert scale), willingness to repeat the procedure without sedation, adequate bowel cleanliness >75% (proportion of Boston Bowel Preparation Scale score: 2–3) and adenoma detection rate (ADR).

Results:

In total, 234 patients (111 WIS; 123 CO2S) were included. All patients were aged 58 years and 58.9% were female; baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. There were no significant differences in rates of severe pain (WIS: 16.5%, CO2S: 13.8%; P = 0.586), willingness to repeat the unsedated procedure (WIS: 82.3%, CO2S: 84.5%; P = 0.713), adequate bowel cleanliness (WIS: 78.4%, CO2S: 78%, P = 0.999) or ADR (WIS: 25.2%, CO2S: 16.3%; P = 0.106) between groups. However, average procedure times were longer with WIS (9.06 min) compared to CO2S (6.45 min; P < 0.001). Overall, 29.6% of women reported that they would repeat sigmoidoscopy only if sedated.

Conclusions:

WIS does not ameliorate tolerance to and quality of sigmoidoscopy screening measured by several scores. When offered a choice, the women's willingness to repeat WIS or CO2S without sedation was poor and raises concern on the opportunity of screening sigmoidoscopy without sedation in these subjects.
Incidental lung findings in a COVID-19 patient on 18F-FDG PET/CT done for preoperative evaluation of Marjolin's ulcer-first report from Chhattisgarh
Authors: Ravina Mudalsha , Baruah Tridip Dutta , Lukose Tinu , Ganga Ranganath T. , Moideen Amal
Published: September 2021

The aim of this case is to illustrate the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography findings of a patient who was admitted in AIIMS, Raipur, for the preoperative evaluation of Marjolin ulcer and was later diagnosed with COVID-19 infection. Apart from the primary lesion in the right foot and pelvic lymph nodes, the scan revealed mild FDG-avid basal ground-glass opacities in bilateral lung fields with mediastinal and hilar lymph nodal involvement, in an otherwise asymptomatic patient.
CAE Analysis and Auralization of Driveline Clunk NVH
Authors: Weilnau Kelby P. , Charbonneau Jeremy , Moetakef Mohammad , Rinaldi Giovanni
Published: September 2021

Noise and vibration evaluation of driveline clunk can be challenging as it is the result of driver input conditions and is transient in nature. As with many noise and vibration challenges, the use of computer-aided engineering (CAE) simulation is useful as it allows for detailed study of the phenomenon and prediction of potential improvements. A hybrid approach of physical test-based measurements and CAE analysis can be used to leverage the advantages of CAE in a comprehensive evaluation including the total vehicle noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) performance. In this paper we present work performed to facilitate engineering evaluations of driveline clunk using both measured test and CAE simulation data. We explain how we used measured test data to inform the CAE analysis, how the simulation approached modelling of the transient clunk event, and how the measured data was used to provide contextual sound for realistic evaluation of the CAE output as heard by the passengers. The ability to listen to the simulated clunk in the context of the remainder of the vehicle NVH provides a direct link to evaluation of correlation between CAE and test results, as well as judgement of subjective performance and gap-to-target levels.
SAE Light Vehicle Exterior Sound Level History
Authors: Spak Kaitlin , Schumacher Richard
Published: September 2021

The Society of Automotive Engineers Light Vehicle Exterior Sound Committee recognizes the value of preserving historical knowledge regarding the standards developed and reviewed by the committee. To memorialize the knowledge gained and lessons learned over the years, the current committee reached out to the chair of the committee during its formative years, Mr. Richard Schumacher, to discuss the rationale and reasoning for many of the early decisions made regarding vehicle sound standards. This work preserves those discussions and relates the history of some of the most commonly used sound level standards.

In this paper and presentation, the formation of the committee is discussed, particularly in relation to EPA’s original concern with vehicle noise, as well as the alignment between SAE standards and ISO standards for vehicle noise measurements. The role of the committee is examined, and the review process for SAE vehicle sound standards is explained. A variety of lessons learned and specific instances of standard modification or revision based on the findings of committee members and users of the standards are highlighted. Best practices for implementing standards, including the use of technically skilled individuals to perform testing, are described.

As part of this work, the categories for standard review are explained, challenges that the committee has faced through the years are discussed, and the histories of specific standards are reviewed. Historical information about J57, J366, J986, J1030, J1169, J1470, J1492, and J2805 is included. It is the authors’ hope that collecting this information will preserve the information passed down through the committee and provide insight into the development of vehicle sound standards.
Applied Systems Theory: Mathematical and Numerical Simulation of Strength of Thick-wall Pipe by Using Static Elastic Problems
Authors: Zirakashvili Natela
Published: September 2021

In Systems Theory, the Mathematical and numerical simulation of strength of thick-wall pipe by using static elastic problems is an important problem and has attracted the attention of many researches, academicians and practitioners. the The present work studies the change in the strength of a quite long isotropic thick-wall pipe (circular cylinder) for the varying pipe diameter, wall thickness and material. The pipe is in the plane deformed state, i.e. plane deformation is considered. Based on the problems of statics of the theory of elasticity, a mathematical model to calculate the strength of the thick-wall pipe was developed and the problems of statics of the theory of elasticity were set and solved analytically in the polar coordinate system. The analytical solution was obtained by the method of separation of variables, which is presented by two harmonious functions. The dependence of the pipe strength on the thickness and material of the pipe wall, when (a) normal stress is applied to the internal boundary (internal pressure) and external boundary is free from stresses and (b) normal stress is applied to the external boundary (external pressure) and the internal boundary is free from stresses, is studied. In particular, the minimum thicknesses of the walls of homogeneous isotropic circular cylinders of different materials and diameters with a plane deformed mode when the pressures in the cylinders do not exceed the admissible values were identified. Some numerical results are presented as tables, graphs and relevant consideration.
COMPARISON OF PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOIDS CONCENTRATIONS AND THE PRICE OF NATIVE AND EXOTIC FRUITS FROM THE NORTHEAST OF BRAZIL
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil., Gambôa Daywison Silva Rodrigues , Oliveira João Ricardhis Saturnino ,   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil., Lima Vera Lúcia Menezes ,   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil.
Published: September 2021

Brazilian flora has great diversity, and the fruit market represents an activity of great economic importance for the country. Ingestion of phenolic compounds, derived from fruits, is associated with various types of benefits, and pathological prevention. In this sense, the present study made the price survey and the literature review on the phenolic and flavonoids content in six native fruits (cashew, seriguela, umbu, juá, cajá and pitomba) and in eight exotic fruits (acerola, star fruit, coconut, breadfruit, soursop, custard apple, sapodilla, tamarind) to the Brazilian Northeast. The survey was based on the evaluation of prices published on digital platforms of Northeastern Food Centers and the concentrations of total phenols and flavonoids were obtained through literature review. No statistical difference was observed between the mean concentration values of total phenolic compounds and flavonoids in native and exotic fruits, but a difference close to R$ 2.00 was observed between the average price of native and exotic fruits, being natives the cheapest ones. Thus, native fruits are a source of lower cost and have the same nutritional value of flavonoids and total phenols of exotic fruits. However, there is a market and buyer preference for exotic fruits for production and taste reasons.
Agricultural waste as a source of innovative and compostable composite biopolymers for food packaging: a scientific review
Authors: Ronzano Anna , Stefanini Roberta , Borghesi Giulia , Vignali Giuseppe
Published: September 2021

"The recovery of agriculture waste is one of the challenges of 2030 Agenda. Food and Agriculture Organization states that 30 % of the world’s agricultural land is used to produce food that is later lost or wasted, and the global carbon footprint corresponds to 7% of total greenhouse gases emissions. Alternatively, natural fibers contained in food and agricultural waste could be a valuable feedstock to reinforce composite biopolymers contributing to increase mechanical properties. In addition, the use of biopolymers matrix could contribute significantly to reduce the environmental footprint of the biobased compounds. Based on these premises, a regional project in Emilia-Romagna, aims to enhance agricultural waste to produce food packaging materials which in turn would contribute to the reduction of green raw materials used. This article reviews the state of art of composite biopolymers added with fillers extracted by food and agricultural waste, analyzing the literature published on scientific databases such as Scopus. The characteristics, advantages and drawbacks of each innovative sustainable material will be studied, trying to compare their various properties. The results of the work could guide companies in the choice of eco-sustainable packaging and lay the foundations for the development of the mentioned regional project."
Geometria e Desenho Universal para Aprendizagem: uma revisão bibliográfica na Educação Matemática Inclusiva
Authors: Coelho José Ricardo Dolenga , Góes Anderson Roges Teixeira
Published: September 2021

Este artigo analisa indícios do Desenho Universal para Aprendizagem na perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva relacionado ao ensino dos conceitos de Geometria. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo revisão bibliográfica, a partir de busca nas bases SciELO, Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações e Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES. Foram selecionadas cinco pesquisas, cujos resultados mostram que para a inclusão não existe um método ou uma prática que atenda aos estudantes com deficiências, mas adaptações para que alcancem aprendizagem. A investigação aponta para a necessidade de maior adesão do DUA para o processo educativo de maneira geral, destacando suas contribuições nas atividades e planejamento no ensino da Matemática para todos os estudantes.
Adopción de estrategias en plataformas digitales y los cambios en el modelo de negocios del sector comercial de electrodomésticos de Guayaquil
Authors: Estrada Kelly Johanna
Published: September 2021

Resumen

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las estrategias y acciones adoptadas en plataformas digitales y los cambios que han generado en el modelo de negocios del sector comercial de electrodomésticos de la ciudad de Guayaquil. Para este análisis se abordaron teorías relacionadas con el enfoque de las plataformas digitales en los negocios, los modelos de negocios existentes y el modelo de negocios CANVAS. Este último modelo se tomó como referencia para la elaboración de una guía de observación, la misma que fue aplicada a un total de 10 empresas dedicadas a la comercialización de electrodomésticos en la ciudad de Guayaquil. Esta guía de observación estuvo compuesta por un total de 49 ítems agrupadas en las 9 dimensiones del modelo CANVAS, a fin de realizar un estudio cualitativo que profundice más el cambio que las plataformas digitales han generado en la estrategia de comercial de este grupo de establecimientos. Los resultados más relevantes determinan que la mayoría de negocios ha optado por utilizar a las redes sociales como medios publicitarios que motiven a la compra de los diferentes productos, ya sea en el establecimiento físico o en el canal e-commerce que varios negocios implementaron a partir de la pandemia del Covid-19.
THỰC TRẠNG VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ ẢNH HƯỞNG ĐẾN SẢN XUẤT CÁC SẢN PHẨM THỦ CÔNG CỦA HỘ GIA ĐÌNH TẠI LÀNG NGHỀ ĐỆM BÀNG PHÒ TRẠCH, HUYỆN PHONG ĐIỀN, TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ
Authors:   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế, Trần Cao Úy , Nguyễn Thiện Tâm ,   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế, Lê Văn Nam ,   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế, Nguyễn Ngọc Truyền ,   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế, Dương Ngọc Phước ,   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế, Nguyễn Trọng Dũng ,   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế, Lê Việt Linh ,   Trung tâm Giống tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế
Published: September 2021

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm tìm hiểu thực trạng và các yếu tố tác động đến sản xuất các sản phẩm thủ công làm từ cây cỏ Bàng (Lepironia actiulata) thông qua phỏng vấn những người am hiểu cùng 60 hộ gia đình tại làng nghề Đệm Bàng Phò Trạch. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy sản phẩm đệm bàng được sản xuất bởi các hộ cá thể với khoảng 1,21 lao động/hộ, chủ yếu là lao động nữ lớn tuổi. Sản phẩm chính của làng gồm chiếu (khổ từ 1,2 - 1,6 m), đệm, chẹ và các sản phẩm mỹ nghệ. Trong số các sản phẩm này, đệm, chẹ và chiếu kích thước nhỏ là phổ biến nhất và chủ yếu được tiêu thụ bởi những người thu gom nhỏ. Chi phí sản xuất, giá bán và thu nhập từ một đơn vị sản phẩm khác nhau tùy thuộc vào chất lượng nguyên liệu, độ dày bền và độ tinh xảo. Làng nghề Đệm Bàng Phò Trạch được duy trì và phát triển được nhờ tính truyền thống, nguồn nguyên liệu sẵn có, khả năng tạo thu nhập ổn định, phù hợp với người già và phụ nữ. Trong khi đó, sản xuất đệm bàng cũng đang gặp nhiều yếu tố cản trở như khó sản xuất nguyên liệu đầu vào, thiếu lao động kế thừa, thị trường tiêu thụ nhỏ, thu nhập và năng suất lao động thấp, thiếu hợp tác sản xuất và tiêu thụ sản phẩm.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KHẢ NĂNG THÀNH THỤC VÀ THỬ NGHIỆM SẢN XUẤT GIỐNG CÁ BỖNG (SPINIBARBUS DENTICULATUS OSHIMA, 1926) NUÔI TRONG AO ĐẤT TẠI QUẢNG BÌNH
Authors:   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế, Lê Văn Dân , Ngô Hữu Toàn ,   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế
Published: September 2021

Ca Bong (Spinibarbus denticulatus Oshima, 1926) is a high economic value fish species with tender flesh, well taste that is considered the top freshwater fish in the Northern Viet Nam. This study was conducted to improve the process of this fish species production for aquaculture development in Quang Binh province and contribute to conserve this indigenous fish species. The results showed that the first size of sexual maturity was 48,6 cm in lengh and 3,05 kg in weight on average for females; 41,7 cm and 2,76 kg for males. Spawning season started from March to early of June. The highest maturity rate was 100% in males and 90% in females in May. The suitable hormone to spawning fish was LRHa + DOM, effective dosage was (40 μg LRHa + 10mg DOM)/kg females live weight (LW) with spawning rate 100%; Actual fecundity of this species fluctuated from 3.797 to 4.491 eggs/kg LW females while fry productivity was from 2188 to 2938 fries/kg females LW. Effective time 15,1 - 20,2 hours; fertilization rate and hatching rate 76,6 - 84,6% and 74,1 - 81,1%, respectively, have been achieved.
NGHIÊN CỨU CHẾ BIẾN BỘT NÊM THỰC PHẨM TỪ DỊCH ĐẠM THỦY PHÂN THỊT CÁ RÔ PHI (Oreochromis niloticus) BẰNG HỖN HỢP ALCALASE VÀ FLAVOURZYME
Authors:   Trường Đại học Cần Thơ, Trương Thị Mộng Thu , Nguyễn Chí Cường ,   Trường Đại học Tây Đô
Published: September 2021

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm khảo sát ảnh hưởng của các yếu tố công nghệ đến chất lượng bột nêm thực phẩm từ thịt cá rô phi. Nghiên cứu bao gồm 3 thí nghiệm: (i) ảnh hưởng của tỷ lệ hỗn hợp enzyme Alcalase và Flavourzyme (AF) so với cơ chất và thời gian thủy phân; (ii) tỷ lệ dịch bắp và dịch đạm thủy phân; và (iii) thời gian bảo quản ở nhiệt độ phòng đến chất lượng sản phẩm. Kết quả cho thấy thịt cá rô phi được thủy phân với tỷ lệ hỗn hợp enzyme AF so với cơ chất là 0,3% trong 20 giờ cho hàm lượng peptide, đạm amin cao nhất lần lượt là 28,4 g/L; 9,22 g/L và đạm amon thấp là 0,257 g/L. Bột nêm thu được có chất lượng cảm quan tốt nhất theo phương pháp cho điểm đạt 19,3; hàm lượng protein là 16,9% và hiệu suất thu hồi cao đạt 37,6%, trong khi độ ẩm thấp là 3,84% khi phối trộn dịch bắp với dịch đạm thủy phân theo tỷ lệ 25% dịch bắp: 40% dịch đạm thủy phân và sấy ở 60°C trong 72 giờ. Bột nêm thành phẩm vẫn đảm bảo chất lượng cảm quan và an toàn vệ sinh thực phẩm ít nhất 4 tuần ở nhiệt độ phòng. Kết quả này mở ra khả năng sản xuất các dòng sản phẩm mới, có giá trị dinh dưỡng và cảm quan cao.
Vliv diagenetických procesů na asociaci těžkých minerálů v pískovcích z lokality Slivotín (ždánická jednotka, flyšové pásmo Vnějších Západních Karpat, Česká republika)
Authors: Dolníček Zdeněk , Krejčí Kotlánová Michaela , Koutňák Rostislav
Published: September 2021

An electron microprobe study of polished sections prepared from a sample of fine-grained sandstone from the locality Slivotín (Ždánice-Hustopeče Formation, Ždánice Unit, Flysch Belt of the Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic) allowed to yield in addition to data on chemical composition also the detailed information on in situ textural relationships of individual minerals. During our study, emphasis was given to accessory phases belonging to the translucent heavy mineral fraction. The detrital garnet (Alm36-82Grs2-45Prp2-22Sps0-15) was extensively dissolved and replaced by calcite cement from its margins and along the cracks. Detrital fluorapatite was dissolved in a similar way, however, dissolution episode was followed by growth of authigenic rims composed of carbonate-fluorapatite. Other observed heavy minerals (zircon, chrome spinel, TiO2 phase, monazite, tourmaline) probably remained unaltered by diagenetic processes. The chemical composition of chrome spinels varies mostly between magnesiochromite and chromite, whereas spinel is very rare. The chemical composition of garnets and chrome spinels is comparable with published data from Czech, Polish and Slovak parts of the Flysch Belt of the Western Carpathians, and indicates the primary source of detrital material in rocks of deeper parts of orogen, characterized especially by the presence of catazonal metamorphites and almost lacking volcanic rocks. Redeposition of heavy minerals from older sediments cannot also be ruled out. The pronounced diagenetic alteration of garnet, if not very scarce in the area of Flysch Belt, could help to explain the earlier observations of wide fluctuations of contents of garnet in heavy mineral concentrates.
Minerály kontaminovaných granitových pegmatitů z lomu Pohled u Havlíčkova Brodu (moldanubikum), část II: prvky a sulfidy
Authors: Dolníček Zdeněk , Ulmanová Jana , Malý Karel , Havlíček Jaroslav , Sejkora Jiří
Published: September 2021

In the Pohled quarry near Havlíčkův Brod town (central part of Czech Republic), texturally and mineralogically simple contaminated anatectic pegmatites form dikes or irregular bodies cementing breccia of host metamorphic rocks (paragneisses, amphibolites) belonging to the Monotonous (Ostrong) Group of the Moldanubicum of the Bohemian Massif. They exhibit signs of intense hydrothermal overprint and also the presence of abundant disseminations, nests and veinlets of ore minerals. A detailed mineralogical study revealed the presence of an extraordinary rich ore assemblage (20 species in total, including one unnamed phase). The oldest minerals are sphalerite (rich in Fe), löllingite, Fe-Co-Ni sulphoarsenides (cobaltite, glaucodot, arsenopyrite, gersdorffite), pyrrhotite, galena and chalcopyrite, in later portion accompanied by inclusions of Bi-minerals (native bismuth, bismuthinite, joséite-A, joséite-B, ikunolite and a Pb-Bi sulphosalt). The composition of the Pb-Bi sulphosalt is equal to Ag,Fe-substituted eclarite; its identity was confirmed also by Raman spectrum. Pyrite is very abundant phase, present probably in several generations. The Fe-Co-Ni thiospinels disseminated in younger chlorite, and represented by siegenite, violarite, grimmite and an unnamed NiFe2S4 phase, are the youngest ore minerals. The mineral association as well as chemical composition of most ore minerals are well comparable to those of local polymetallic ore veins and Alpine-type veins, which give evidence for identical origin of all these ore mineralizations. The formation of pegmatite-hosted ore assemblage was long-lasting multiphase process, which took place at temperatures between ca. 350 and <120 °C during changing fugacities of sulphur, tellurium and oxygen. A distinct enrichment in cobalt and nickel of ore mineralization hosted by pegmatites (in comparison with hydrothermal veins) is explained in terms of pronounced interactions of fluids with amphibolites and serpentinites.
Propuesta de estrategias de marketing para mejorar el consumo de café
Authors: Salcedo Herrera Abel , Rios-Campos Carlos , Maldonado Ramírez Ítalo , Agreda Cerna Henry , Ruiz Camacho Wilfredo
Published: September 2021

El artículo propone estrategias de marketing para mejorar el consumo de café en el distrito de Chota- Perú, para lo cual se realizó un estudio de mercado, a objeto de diagnosticar el consumo. Estudio de tipo descriptivo, propositivo, no experimental, transversal. Dentro de los principales resultados se tiene que: el 41% de los encuestados prefieren la marca Nescafé; un 43% están dispuestos a pagar de S/.1.50 a S/.2.00; el 65% toman café en su casa; y el 47% prefieren informarse a través de la televisión sobre los beneficios que brinda el café. Se concluyó que el consumo de café muestra signos claros de crecimiento; las estrategias de marketing necesitan ser efectuadas bajo una excelente coordinación, tanto del gobierno como de las empresas del rubro. De esta manera se beneficiarán más de 250,000 familias que viven de la caficultura a nivel nacional, mejorando su calidad de vida con mayores ingresos económicos, y generando nuevos puestos de trabajo.
Organizational and legal approaches in fighting organized crime
Authors: Baiov Viktor A. , Rone Anton P. , Perelyhina Raisa V. , Kovtun Oleksandr O. , Urlapova Olesia Y.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the article is to identify the factors affecting organized crime and to define aspects of tackling it. The methods of statistical analysis, factor analysis, hypothetical-deductive method, correlation method, generalization method and analogue method were used. The article identified countries with high and low levels of organized crime. Impact of economic development and corruption on the level of organized crime was proved insignificant. Legal factor is not the key aspect of tackling organized crime. Legal approach in tackling organized crime includes: adoption of an international normative legal acts on mutual assistance; development and signing of international agreements on cooperation; development of national and international strategies. The organizational approach implies: international cooperation; decentralization of public oversight authorities and law enforcement agencies in the system of control; development of a program of public involvement; partnership building between state and public institutions.
Caracterización multidimensional del Programa de Estímulos a la Innovación en México
Authors: Flores Payan Lucio , Tello Medina Jorge Benjamín
Published: September 2021

El actual trabajo desarrolla un análisis que faculta la identificación de algunos de los resultados alcanzados por la Política de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (CTI) en México, visualizado en los efectos de implementación del Programa de Estímulos a la Innovación (PEI). El análisis se realizó con el objetivo de cuantificar los resultados del PEI. Se diseñaron y calcularon dos índices multidimensionales, el primero basado en la teoría de la lógica difusa, el otro como un índice sintético. Los resultados evidencian la necesidad de plantear nuevos mecanismos en materia normativa e institucional para lograr acuerdos y asociaciones firmes entre el sector público y el privado en temas referentes al capital de riesgo, estímulos fiscales u otros, que permitan llevar a cabo objetivos claros y en común, para que la contribución de la CTI sea en pro del desarrollo económico de todo el país. Igualmente, se manifiesta la bondad del uso de conjuntos difusos en la construcción de índices multidimensionales de manera que posibilita mayor precisión debido a que su construcción se basa en la creación de un universo de datos continuo, a la vez que hace posible el manejo de un mayor número de variables.
Desafíos epistémicos de las Ciencias Sociales: movilidad social, territorialidad y poder
Authors: Arámbulo Santiago Elizabeth Beatriz , Dávila Morán Roberto Carlos
Published: September 2021

El objetivo fundamental de este análisis es el reconocimiento y la legitimación de las prácticas ancestrales de saberes territoriales como parte de los desafíos epistémicos contundentes de las Ciencias Sociales, a fin de reivindicar los lugares, la territorialidad y la movilidad social como ejercicio propicio para la descolonización del saber social. Se pretende develar que las formas de ocupación del espacio por el hombre y su organización en sociedad han surgido de las prácticas hegemónicas de la modernidad. El principio de territorialidad que emerge desde las diferentes manifestaciones del poder tiene una incidencia muy notable en la construcción de saberes. En tal sentido, se estudian las categorías de movilidad social, territorialidad, saberes y poder, en el contexto latinoamericano, para identificar su complejidad histórica. El abordaje del conflicto político- histórico se analiza desde el posicionamiento epistémico del eurocentrismo. De esta manera, se visibilizan las determinaciones socioculturales de los saberes territoriales como dinámicas en conflicto, entre resistencias y poderes locales que generan un contraste de la diversidad epistémica de la territorialidad y el sentido de movilidad social, como necesidad de un saber subalterno.
Parallels of cultural renaissance and dynamics of ethnic cultures of Russia in the era of cultural globalization
Authors: Pudov Alexey G. , Koryakina Maria I.
Published: September 2021

The objective of paper is to assess the time-compressed dynamics of the culture of the ethno-national region of Russia, to identify its regularities and to draw parallels with the stages of European and Russian cultural processes. The article identifies the quality and modernization potential of the current state of ethnic culture, which is under the pressure of assimilation of cultural globalism. The methodology is revealed by the definition of the Renaissance culture as the ability to operate with symbolic forms and the consistent transfer of the well-known properties of the European and Russian Renaissance to the modern ethnic culture of the Russian region as isomorphic processes. The paper identifies the state of regional culture as result of a double reflection of the cultural renaissance, called as the "Yakut Silver Age". The criteria for that is the presence of a creative paradigm of ethnomodernism, manifested in the field of art.
González Pazos, Jesús (2020). Media: At whose service? Buenos Aires: CLACSO
Authors: Esteban Rivera Edwin Roger
Published: September 2021

Reseña del libro: González Pazos, Jesús (2020). Medios de comunicación: ¿Al servicio de quién? Buenos Aires: CLACSO, a cargo de Edwin Roger Esteban Rivera
The Impacts of COVID-19 Crisis upon the Consumer Behaviours in Mueang Khon Kaen District, Thailand
Authors:   Demonstration School of Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Chaiongart Kittithad
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is widely spread across the world. The COVID-19 lockdown policy has forced dine-in restaurants and cafes to close. Consequently, there is a plunge in the global economy into severe recession due to less economic activities. On the other hand, the demand for online food delivery services has increased during this period. As a result, the changes in consumer behaviours during the COVID-19 crisis are taken into consideration. Are the COVID-19 crisis and the changes in consumer behaviours related? Due to the new model of consumption, our study aims to observe and discern the relationship between COVID-19 crisis and changes in consumer behaviours. Data were collected by a questionnaire asking about participants’ general information, the impacts of COVID-19 on other relevant aspects, and the changes in consumer behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic. Survey samples, including the population in Mueang Khon Kaen District, Thailand, were randomly selected through a random sampling method with a total of 634 respondents (241 males, 380 females, and 13 others). Our results revealed that the respondents have been highly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and their consumer behaviours have been changed significantly compared to the pre-pandemic period. Additionally, statistical analyses showed that there is a significant correlation between the COVID-19 pandemic and the changes in consumer behaviours. This study could serve as a guideline of further studies about the COVID-19 pandemic and consumer behaviours, which can be appropriately adopted in the era for the new normal.
Efectos en el desarrollo motor de un programa de estimulación motriz basado en actividades lúdicas globalizadas, en varones escolares de la ciudad de Valdivia (Effects on motor development of a motor stimulation program based on globalized playful activit
Authors: Mera Massri Eduardo Antonio , Armijos Armijos Juan Carlos , Luarte Rocha Cristian Eduardo
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de un programa de estimulación motriz de 8 semanas basado en actividades lúdicas, en el nivel de desarrollo motor grueso de varones escolares de tercero y cuarto básico del Instituto Salesiano Valdivia. Método: Participaron 15 alumnos hombres, con una edad de 9.03±0.63 años en un programa de estimulación motriz basado en actividades lúdicas, realizando tres sesiones semanales, por un tiempo de ocho semanas. Se midió el nivel de desarrollo motor grueso antes y después de la intervención, utilizando el Test de Desarrollo Motor Grueso (TGMD-2), el cual determina la edad motriz a través de la evaluación de habilidades manipulativas y locomotoras. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que hubo una diferencia significativa entre pre y post test en las habilidades locomotoras (p= .0006) manipulativas (p= .0006) y el quociente de los resultados (p= .0006), pasando de un 93% de niños bajo edad, pobre y muy pobre a un 93% de niños en categorías en la edad y sobre la edad. Conclusión: Se concluye que el programa de estimulación motriz basado en actividades lúdicas mejora significativamente los niveles de desarrollo motor en niños.
Abstract. Objective: To analyze the effects of an 8-week motor stimulation program based on playful activities, in the level of gross motor development of third and fourth grade school boys from the Salesiano Valdivia Institute. Method: 15 male students, with an age of 9.03±0.63 years, participated in a motor stimulation program based on recreational activities, performing three weekly sessions, for a period of eight weeks. The level of gross motor development was measured before and after the intervention, using the Test Gross Motor Development (TGMD-2), which determines motor age through the evaluation of manipulative and locomotor skills. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the locomotor skills (p= .0006) and manipulative (p= .0006) and the quoient of the results (p= .0006), going from 93% of children low age, poor and very poor even 93% of children in categories in age and over age. Conclusion: It is concluded that the motor stimulation program based on playful activities significantly improves the levels of motor development in children.
Combinación de entrenamiento de fuerza y aeróbico en adultos mayores: efectos en rendimiento funcional, fuerza, masa grasa y dolor (Combined resistance and aerobic training in Elderly: effects on functional performance, strength, fat mass and pain percep
Authors: Fernández Martínez Nicolás , Pozo-Bohórquez Carlos , Sánchez-Canales Vanesa
Published: September 2021

Introducción: La sociedad está envejeciendo, y se estima que este segmento seguirá aumentando en los próximos años. Objetivo: Examinar los efectos que producen 5 semanas de entrenamiento en el rendimiento funcional, fuerza de agarre, perímetro de cintura, masa grasa y percepción de dolor general. Método: 28 sujetos (edad ≥ 55 años), sedentarios, participaron en un programa de entrenamiento de fuerza y entrenamiento aeróbico, de 5 semanas, 5 sesiones semanales de 50-60 minutos de duración.  Resultados: Existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los valores previos y posteriores al programa. La magnitud de estas diferencias puede considerarse grande en el Timed Up and Go Test (-27.3%, p=0.000, d=3.01), 30-Second Chair Stand Test (+42%, p=0.000, d=1.77) y percepción de dolor día (-54.7%, p=0.000, d=1.27) y noche (-58.2%, p=0.000, d=1.02). Conclusión: Tras la aplicación del programa de entrenamiento concurrente descrito, todas las variables analizadas han evolucionado favorablemente. Dichas variables están directamente relacionadas con la composición corporal, calidad de vida, reducción del dolor, así como mejora de fuerza para las actividades cotidianas de las personas mayores. 
Abstract. Introduction: Society is aging, and it is estimated that this segment will continue to grow in the coming years. Objectives: To examine the effects of 5 weeks of training on functional performance, grip strength, waist circumference, fat mass and general pain perception.Methods: 28 subjects (age ≥ 55 years), sedentary, participated in a 5-week strength and aerobic training program, 5 weekly sessions of 50-60 minutes duration. Results: There are statistically significant differences between pre and post program values. The magnitude of these differences can be considered large in the Timed Up and Go Test (-27.3%, p=0.000, d=3.01), 30-Second Chair Stand Test (+42%, p=0.000, d=1.77) and pain perception day (-54.7%, p=0.000, d=1.27) and night (-58.2%, p=0.000, d=1.02).Conclusion: After the application of described concurrent training program, all analyzed variables have evolved favorably. Such variables are directly related to body composition, quality of life, pain reduction, as well as to improvement of strenght for the elderly’s daily activities.
Belimumab in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: 20 years of basic research, 10 years of clinical practice
Authors: Nasonov E. L. , Popkova T. V. , Lila A. M.
Published: September 2021

Currently, strong evidence has been obtained for the fundamental role of pathological activation of B cells in the pathogenesis of immunoinflammatory (autoimmune) rheumatic diseases (IMRD), and drugs that specifically modulate the function or cause depletion of various subpopulations of B cells and plasma cells are considered a promising direction. pharmacotherapy of these diseases. of particular interest is belimumab (BLM), a human monoclonal antibody (mAb) (IgG1λ) to BAFF (B cell-activating factor belonging to the TNF family), which is the first “targeted” biological drug specially developed for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The efficacy and safety of BLM in SLE in adults and children, including lupus nephritis, in combination therapy with rituximab, steroid-sparing effect, the ability to prevent irreversible damage to internal organs dictate the need for its wider application in clinical practice.
B cell depletion in immune-mediated rheumatic diseases and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Nasonov E. L. , Avdeeva A. S.
Published: September 2021

In patients with immune-mеdiated (autoimmune) rheumatic diseases (IMIRD), there are a number of factors (advanced age, uncontrolled inflammation, initially irreversible damage to internal organs, comorbid pathology, genetic and other factors) that can potentially lead to an increase in “sensitivity” to SARS-CoV -2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) and concomitant viral and bacterial infections, an increase in the risk of a severe course of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), a decrease in the effectiveness of therapy for both IMIRDs and COVID-19. An important area of pharmacotherapy for IMIRDs and other autoimmune diseases is associated with the use of anti-B-cell drugs, primarily rituximab (RTX), which is a chimeric (mouse/human) monoclonal antibody (mAb) to the CD20 antigen of B cells. At present, in Russia, the RTM biosimilar, acellbia (BIOCAD), is widely used, which is not inferior to RTX in terms of efficiency and safety. The problems of anti-B-cell therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to the risk of infection, severe course and insufficient effectiveness of vaccination against SARSCoV- 2 are considered. According to the recommendations of the Association of Rheumatologists of Russia, a more rigorous assessment of indications for induction and maintenance therapy of RTX therapy and harmonization of the timing of drug administration and vaccination is required.
Conjunctival biomicroscopy in the diagnosis of microcirculatory disorders in systemic sclerosis: A new look at the “old” method
Authors: Korneeva N. V. , Otteva E. N. , Zhmerenetsky K. V. , Kovaleva M. A. , Panevin T. S.
Published: September 2021

Microcirculatory (MC) disorders in systemic sclerosis (SS) are an important part of pathogenesis, morphogenesis, determine the clinical picture of the disease, the severity of the patient’s condition and prognosis. The authors draw attention to a direct method for studying microcirculatory disorders – conjunctival biomicroscopy (CBM). The use of improved equipment for conducting CBM and the survey algorithm allows at the present stage to improve the quality of the data obtained, to simplify and standardize the CBM procedure, to record and analyze new MC predictors.

The study of the correlations between MC changes identified in CBM in patients with SS, with the data of the clinical picture, will make it possible to determine a limited set of the most significant MC parameters, simplify the analysis of primary CBM data and take a fresh look at the CBM method, rethinking its diagnostic capabilities SS, which determined the aim of this study.

Materials and methods. In 48 patients suffering from SS (mean age 51±1.7 years), MC was studied by the direct method – conjunctival biomicroscopy. Quantitative parameters of MC are compared with the clinical manifestations of SS by the methods of linear Pearson correlation and Spearman non-linear correlation. The critical value of the level of statistical significance in testing null hypotheses was taken to be 0.05.

Results. The main clinical manifestations of SS: the duration of the disease (months), skin count (points), the activity of the disease (points), the duration of skin syndrome (months) and the duration of vascular syndrome (months) showed statistically significant linear and non-linear correlation with seven MC parameters: the value of the arteriolo- to-venule ratio (AVR), five parameters characterizing the density of capillaries on the bulbar conjunctiva and the average diameter of capillaries.

Conclusion. A limited set of the most informative MC signs in the form of AVR and the number of capillaries in various areas of the temporal section of the bulbar conjunctiva greatly simplify the interpretation of CBM data and allow a new look at the diagnostic capabilities of the “old” method in SS. A promising direction, in our opinion, is the further study of the indicated MC parameters and the identification of possible correlations with the data of laboratory, instrumental methods of research and assessment of the dynamics of the indicated MC parameters in case of SS.
Cellular composition of the minor salivary gland inflammatory infiltrates as an additional diagnostic criterion for primary Sjogren’s syndrome
Authors: Kuvardin E. S. , Grigor’yeva I. N. , Bekhtereva I. A. , Maslyansky A. L. , Krivolapov Yu. A. , Belyakova E. A.
Published: September 2021

Primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS) is one of the most frequent among the connective tissue diseases. Histological examination of the minor salivary gland (MSG) is important diagnostic method. The currently established histological criteria for pSS do not have absolute sensitivity and specificity, which makes the search for additional morphological hallmark relevant.

Aim – to study of the qualitative and quantitative composition of cellular populations inflammatory infiltrates in MSG pSS patient with the assessment of additional diagnostic criteria for disease based on the data obtained.

Subjects and methods. The study included 55 patients with a diagnosis of pSS according to the criteria of ACR/ EULAR 2016. The control group consisted of 18 healthy volunteers. A MSG biopsy was performed all subjects for histological and immunohistochemical studies with a quantitative assessment of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, CD21+, CD68+, CD138+ cells. Statistical data analysis was performed using the Statistica 10.0 for Windows (StatSoft Inc., USA). For comparison of quantitative traits, the Mann – Whitney U-test was used. To determine the diagnostic threshold of the number of a ROC analysis was performed. An operating characteristic curve was plotted. The area under the curve (AUC), diagnostic specificity, diagnostic sensitivity, diagnostic accuracy, likelihood ratio of the positive and negative results of the test were calculated. The construction of classification models, including the number of different cell types, was carried out using linear discriminant analysis.

Results and discussion. The number of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, CD138+ cells in 4 mm2 (area of section) was significantly higher in the pSS group. The largest AUC were observed for the quantitative evaluation of CD3+ cells – 0.88 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.80–0.96] and CD8+ cells – 0.87 [95% CI: 0.79–0.95], which at the specified diagnostic thresholds corresponded to the sensitivity of 70.9% [95% CI: 57.86–81.23] and 65.45% [95% CI: 52.25–76.64], specificity of 94.4% [95% CI: 74.24–99.72] and 100% [95% CI: 82.41–100], respectively. The CD21+ follicular dendritic cells were detected only in MSG of pSS group. AUC for quantitative assessment of these cells was 0.65 [95% CI: 0.52–0.78], sensitivity 29.1% [95% CI: 18.77–42.14] and specificity 100% [95% CI: 82.41–100]. Using the method of discriminant analysis, we designed classification models that included various combinations of the studied markers. The highest AUC among all possible combinations was observed for the decimal logarithms of the number of CD3+ and CD68+ cells – 0.92 [95% CI: 0.85–0.98], which for a given diagnostic threshold corresponded sensitivity – 81.82% [95% CI: 69.67–89.81], specificity – 94.4% [95% CI: 74.24–99.72].