bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Stress, Serakah, Moralitas Individu Terhadap Perilaku Tidak Etis Pada Perbankan di Banjarmasin
Authors: Analisa Analisa , Angriani Maya Rezeki Angriani Rezeki , Rezeki Yuliarti
Published: May 2024

Latar belakang penelitian ini dikarenakan masih banyak terdapat kasus perilaku tidak etis yang dilakukan oleh karyawan yang bekerja di bank seperti adanya kasus pencatatan palsu, transaksi tanpa izin memilik rekening, korupsi, penyalahgunaan kartu kredit nasabah, dan lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor stress, serakah dan moralitas individu dapat mempengaruhi perilaku tidak etis yang dilakukan oleh karyawan yang bekerja di perbankan kota Banjarmasin. Metode penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 25 dengan analisis Regresi Linear Berganda dengan jumlah sampel yaitu 100 sampel dengan menggunakan metode incenditial sampling. Hasil penelitian ini adalah stress tidak berpengaruh terhadap perilaku tidak etis, Serakah  berpengaruh terhadap perilaku tidak etis dan Moralitas Individu berpengaruh terhadap perilaku tidak etis.Implikasi penelitian ini dapat bermanfaat dalam pengembangan teori GONE dan Teori pengembangan moralitas individu serta dapat dimanfaatkan oleh Lembaga perbankan agar dapat mengetahui factor yang secara individu dapat mempengaruhi perilaku tidak etis.
Pengaruh Tagline “Gratis Ongkir” Marketplace Shopee Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Pada Mahasiswa di Universitas Sari Mulia
Authors: Andini Maulida Putri , Ariza A Firsa , Wulandari Dyah Sri
Published: May 2024

Pada era digital saat ini, perkembangan teknologi internet berperan sangat penting dalam melakukan komunikasi maupun mencari informasi, searah dengan fenomena tersebut mengakibatkan munculnya berbagai e-commerce salah satunya Shopee, merupakan e-commerce dengan kunjungan situs terbanyak di Indonesia. Shopee telah memperluas lini bisnisnya dengan memulai iklan Tagline “Gratis Ongkir”. Peran tagline dalam sebuah iklan merupakan sesuatu yang ditanamkan ke dalam pikiran konsumen. Alasan utama pelanggan meninggalkan keranjang belanja mereka adalah tingginya biaya pengiriman. Oleh karena itu, Tagline“Gratis Ongkir” kirim shopee mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian karena shopee menawarkan dukungan pengiriman kepada setiap pengguna sehingga mereka dapat berbelanja tanpa membayar ongkos kirim produk. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh Tagline “Gratis Ongkir” terhadap keputusan pembelian pada Mahasiswa di Universitas Sari Mulia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik nonprobability sampling dengan rumus slovin sehingga jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 104 responden. Hasil analisis regresi sederhana dengan perolehan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 dan hasil uji regresi secara parsial (uji t) diperoleh nilai uji t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel yaitu 4.396 > 1.659, Artinya variabel Tagline “Gratis Ongkir ”marketplace Shopee berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel Keputusan Pembelian pada mahasiswa Universitas Sari Mulia. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa Tagline “Gratis Ongkir” dapat mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian pada mahasiswa Universitas Sari Mulia.
Analisis Komparasi Model Prediksi Financial Distress Pada Perusahaan Subsektor Pariwisata, Hotel, dan Restoran yang Terdaftar di BEI
Authors: Andini Mutia , Wibawa Dian Prihardini , Nugroho Ari Agung
Published: May 2024

Wabah Covid-19 telah mewabah dan menyebar ke seluruh negara, salah satunya Indonesia. Akibat Covid-19 yang berkepanjangan, pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia mengalami penurunan begitu juga dengan pemasukan atau pendapatan perusahaan-perusahaan go public yang tercantum di BEI terutama perusahaan subsektor pariwisata, restoran dan hotel. Riset ini mempunyai tujuan dalam : (1) melakukan pengujian apakah ada perbedaan hasil prediksi model Taffler, Grover, Ohlson, serta CA-Score, (2) melakukan pengujian model prediksi mana yang terakurat, dan (3) mengenal perusahaan mana sajakah yang di prediksi akan terkena kesulitan keuangan. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif kuantiatif mempergunakan data sekunder yang diambil dari pelaporan keuangan perusahaan dengan teknik purposive sampling maka ada 13 perusahaan yang dijadikan sampel. Hasil penelitian menampilkan perbedaan hasil prediksi model Taffler, CA-Score, Grover, dan Ohlson dengan tingkat akurasi tertinggi yang dimiliki oleh model Grover sejumlah 93,85% dan tingkat akurasi terendah yang dimiliki oleh model Ohlson sejumlah 49,23%. Berdasarkan perhitungan model Grover, terdapat tiga perusahaan yang diprediksi akan terjadi financial distress. Maka dari itu dalam menanggulangi hal tersebut, pihak perusahaan dapat memperbaiki kinerjanya dengan cara meningkatkan modal kerja dan laba.
Pengaruh Micro teaching dan PPL (Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan) terhadap Minat Menjadi Guru pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Ekonomi, STKIP PGRI Lumajang
Authors: Likasari Gati Ayu , Khasanah Kamelia
Published: May 2024

Micro teaching dan PPL adalah mata kuliah wajib yang harus ditempuh mahasiswa program studi pendidikan ekonomi. Dalam menempuh mata kuliah Micro teaching dan PPL mahasiswa masih mengalami beberapa permasalahan. Dalam hal ini Micro teaching dan PPL termasuk dalam faktor yang mempengaruhi minat menjadi guru. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara parsial dan simultan variabel Micro teaching dan PPL terhadap minat menjadi guru pada mahasiswa program studi pendidikan ekonomi angkatan 2019. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan ex-post facto. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Ekonomi angkatan 2019. Teknik sampling menggunakan purposive sampling. Teknik dalam mengumpulkan data yaitu kuesioner. Validitas data diperoleh melalui hasil uji coba dari 30 responden. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Pengolahan data menggunakan SPSS versi 26. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial nilai signifikansi Micro teaching adalah 0,453 > 0,05, dari hasil tersebut diketahui variabel Micro teaching tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat menjadi guru pada mahasiswa program studi pendidikan ekonomi angkatan 2019. Sedangkan nilai signifikansi hipotesis kedua adalah 0,000 < 0,05. Sehingga diketahui bahwa PPL berpengaruh siginifikan terhadap minat menjadi guru pada mahasiswa program studi pendidikan ekonomi angkatan 2019 dan hasil uji F nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05, dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk variabel Micro teaching dan PPL secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat menjadi guru pada mahasiswa program studi pendidikan ekonomi angkatan 2019.
Persaingan Brand Sepatu Lokal: Brand Resonance Melalui Brand Salience Pada Generasi Z Kota Denpasar
Authors: Purnama Sari Desak Made Febri , Brahma Putra Nyoman Aditya , Manik Parasari Nyoman Sri , Crisna Wijaya Gede
Published: May 2024

Dunia fashion menjadi salah satu cara seseorang untuk menarik perhatian orang lain di berbagai kalangan usia. Namun, sebagian besar pengguna fashion di Indonesia lebih senang menggunakan brand internasional ketimbang brand lokal. Hal ini dikarenakan pengguna fashion di Indonesia yang lebih senang menjadi “followers” dalam dunia fashion. Salah satuya generasi Z pada masyarakat Denpasar dalam bidang fashion sepatu, meskipun sepatu lokal sudah menggunakan teknik pembuatan yang sama dengan sepatu internasional. Hal ini dikarenakan kurangnya branding sepatu lokal seperti compass, ventela, aerostreet dan juga PVN untuk dikenali dan diingat (brand salience). Sehingga tidak mudah terjadinya hubungan psikologis (brand resonance) antara generasi Z di kota Denpasar dengan keempat produk sepatu lokal tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menunjukkan berpengaruh atau tidaknya persepsi kualitas dalam memediasi hubungan brand salience terhadap brand resonance. Populasi pada penelitian ini merupakan generasi Z di Denpasar. Metode purposive sampling digunakan dalam menentukan 135 responden. Mengacu pada metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Structural Equation Model–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) brand salience memiliki pengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap persepsi kualitas, (2) persepsi kualitas memiliki pengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap brand resonance, (3) brand salience memiliki pengaruh  secara positif dan signifikan terhadap brand resonance, (4) persepsi kualitas memiliki pengaruh secara positif dan signifikan dalam memediasi brand salience terhadap brand resonance.
Efektivitas Pelatihan Digital Marketing Terhadap Peningkatan Volume Penjualan UMKM Kuliner di Kota Banjarmasin
Authors: Dwi Soraya Risnande , Hasanah Mahmudah , Setiawan Ananda , Ratumbuysang Monry Fraick Nicky Gillian
Published: May 2024

Di era digital saat ini pelaku UMKM dituntut untuk mengikuti perkembangan teknologi. Diketahui bahwa tidak semua UMKM di Indonesia mampu mengubah pola pemasaran konvensional menjadi pemasaran digital. Hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan rendahnya volume penjualan pada UMKM. Sistem pemasaran digital dapat menjangkau pasar yang lebih luas tanpa berbatas ruang dan waktu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pelatihan digital marketing terhadap peningkatan volume penjualan UMKM kuliner di kota Banjarmasin. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner. Dalam penelitian ini populasi berjumlah 60 UMKM kuliner yang sudah mengikuti pelatihan digital marketing dan sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 sampel. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan SEM-Partial Least Square (PLS). Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa pelatihan digital marketing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan volume penjualan UMKM, thitung variabel X (5.629) > ttabel (1,697) dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000. Hasil uji R square sebesar 0,446 artinya peningkatan volume penjualan UMKM bergantung pada efektivitas pelatihan digital marketing sebesar 44,6%, sedangkan sisanya dipegaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak terdapat dalam penelitian ini. Temuan dalam penelitiam ini menunjukkan bagaimana pelatihan digital marketing dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan volume penjualan.
The Legal Aspects Fulfillment of Tax Responsibilities for Micro and Small Enterprises Established as Individual Company
Authors: Rachman Aditya , Sudaryat Sudaryat , Cahyadini Amelia
Published: May 2024

An Individual Company is a new legal entity intended for Micro and Small Enterprise (MSE) actors to obtain legal entity status. However, based on the taxation perspective, establishing an Individual Company raises the consequence of tax imposition on one party that is substantially the same entity, namely MSEs as Individuals and Individual Companies as Legal Entities. This study intends to examine the taxation responsibility attached to the Individual Company as a law entity so taxpayers can carry out their tax obligations. The study method used is normative juridical with descriptive-analytical research specifications and qualitative juridical data analysis. The results of this study indicate that MSE actors who establish themselves as Individual Companies are given Corporate Taxpayer status with all its legal consequences. Direktorat Jenderal Pajak (DJP) needs to make adjustments and relax the Rights and Obligations of Corporate Taxpayers in the form of Individual Companies so that the tax self-assessment system is still implemented effectively, easily, and efficiently for taxpayers so that it has an impact on legal certainty and increases the level of taxpayer compliance.
BİNA VERGİSİ MATRAHINI ETKİLEYEN BİR UNSUR OLARAK BİNA İNŞAAT SINIFININ TESPİTİ
Authors: Artun Emine Sevcan
Published: May 2024

Emlak vergileri belediye gelirleri arasında büyük öneme sahip olan bir gelir türüdür. Belediyeler, emlak vergilerinden biri olan bina vergisinin tarhiyatı sürecinde birtakım yetkilere sahiptir. Bu yetkilerden biri de bina vergisi değerinde göz önünde bulundurulan bina inşaat sınıfı bildiriminin doğruluğunu denetlemek ve gerektiğinde tespit edeceği bina sınıfına dayalı ek vergi tarh ettirmektir. Ancak uygulamada belediyelerin bu yetkisini kullanırken bir takım hukukî gereklilikleri göz ardı ettiği ve 1982 yılına dayalı bina inşaat sınıfının tespitine yönelik cetvel nedeniyle hakkaniyetsiz sonuçların doğduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmada, bina inşaat sınıfının tespitine dayalı tarhiyat işlemlerinin hukuka uygunluğu için göz önünde bulundurulması gereken hususlar tespit edilmekte ve daha adaletli bir emlak vergisi tarhiyatı için yapılabilecek kanunî değişiklikler üzerinde durulmaktadır.
Study On Governance Of The Implementation Of The Jakarta Marathon (Case Study Of The 2015-2016 Implementation)
Authors: Ferdian Mohamat Emir , Eddyono Fauziah
Published: May 2024

Sport Tourism which is routinely held in Jakarta almost every year is the Jakarta Marathon. This sports activity is very popular and in demand by the public both as participants and as spectators of these sports events both from local and foreign tourists and always contributes to increasing income in the tourism sector, especially in DKI Jakarta. The purpose of this study is important in order to realize the goal of developing sports tourism by analyzing its implementation which has reliable prospects to become the leading sector of sports tourism in DKI Jakarta
Workshop Pembuatan Modul Ajar Tentang Tanaman Obat Keluarga (Materi Ipa) Dengan Metode Virtual Reality Game Pada Pengajar Sekolah Menengah Pertama Di Lamongan
Authors: Syaela Majid Nur , Annisa Damastuti Fardani , Aditama Darmawan , Basofi Arif , Kusuma Nurindiyani Artiarini , Robihul Mufid Muhammad , Mawaddah Saniyatul , Fuad Hafid Achmad
Published: May 2024

Tanaman Obat Keluarga (TOGA) merupakan tanaman hasil budidaya rumahan yang berkhasiat sebagai obat. Taman obat keluarga pada hakekatnya adalah sebidang tanah, baik di halaman rumah, kebun ataupun ladang yang digunakan untuk membudidayakan tanaman yang berkhasiat sebagai obat dalam rangka memenuhi keperluan keluarga akan obat-obatan. Namun banyak masyarakat yang kurang mengetahui ciri-ciri dan manfaat dari tanaman tersebut. Maka dari itu dibuatlah aplikasi virtual reality game tentang tanaman obat keluarga (TOGA) “Garden’s Tour” untuk mengenalkan sekaligus memberi informasi secara rinci mengenai ciri-ciri dan manfaat yang terkandung dalam tanaman tersebut dan juga proses pemanfaatannya sebagai minuman yang dikemas dengan mudah dan menyenangkan. Maraknya virtual reality game di Indonesia membuat dilakukan pengembangan penelitian Aplikasi Virtual Reality untuk tanaman obat keluarga (TOGA). Implementasi game tanaman obat keluarga (TOGA) “Gardens’s Tour” ditujukan untuk remaja dengan rentang usia 13-19 tahun. Hasil akhir dari aplikasi ini ini selain dapat membantu mengenalkan tanaman obat keluarga (TOGA) kepada masyarakat juga meredakan stress dan menambah kreatifitas untuk masyarakat dewasa.
Angry Citizens and Black Belt Employees: Cascading classifications of and around a predictive algorithm
Authors: Justesen Lise , Plesner Ursula
Published: May 2024

Over past decades, predictive algorithms have been used extensively as profiling tools in the private sector, but today they are also increasingly entering public sector domains. This article builds on an ethnographic study of the development of a predictive algorithm in a debt collecting public sector organization. The algorithm was designed to profile citizens on the basis of their calculated ‘readiness to pay’ their debt and to guide employees’ case handling according to ‘type’ of citizen. The article examines how the classification of citizens produced by the algorithm was mediated by different visualizations and by organizational actors who superimposed new and different classifications (moral and emotional) onto those provided by the algorithm. The article draws on the concepts of nominal and ordinal classification to identify how intended non-hierarchical classification glides into new hierarchical valuations of both citizens and employees. Classifications were ‘cascading’ – a concept the article develops to account for how classification of and around the algorithm multiplied and had organizational ripple effects. Based on empirical insights, the study advocates an agnostic approach to how algorithmic predictions impact work, organizations, and the situation of profiled individuals. It emphasizes a dynamic and and unstable relationship between algorithms and organizational practices.
Standardized school-leaving exam in mathematics: manifold effects on teaching, teacher cooperation and satisfaction
Authors: Ableitinger Christoph , Gruber Johanna
Published: May 2024

The recent implementation of a standardized school-leaving exam (SSLE) in Austria enables research on the effects of this educational policy decision on mathematics teaching (use of tasks and digital tools) and on mathematics teachers (attitudes, cooperation, satisfaction and self-concept). An interview study with 10 teachers, each of whom prepared students several times for the traditional, individually designed as well as for the new, standardized school-leaving exam, reveals a multi-faceted picture. In particular, it shows that the SSLE as a steering instrument has great influence on the use of tasks in the classroom and has been able to advance the digitization of mathematics teaching within a short period of time. Cooperation among the teachers in the respective schools has clearly increased as a result of the SSLE, even though this is not perceived as unreservedly positive. Interestingly, the interviews did not reveal any evidence of harmful competition between teachers in a school regarding the performance of their students in the SSLE. While the study shows that teachers are basically positive about reforms and are willing to implement them, they also want changes to be well prepared, argued and communicated in time.
Projecting the future redistribution of Pinus koraiensis (Pinaceae: Pinoideae: Pinus) in China using machine learning
Authors: Chen Xin , Xiao Kaitong , Deng Ruixiong , Wu Lin , Cui Lingjun , Ning Hang , Ai Xunru , Chen Hui
Published: May 2024

Introduction

As an important coniferous tree in northeast China, Pinus koraiensis not only maintains the stability of the forest ecosystem at high latitudes but also plays a crucial role in regional socioeconomic development. With the intensification of climate change in recent years, the stability of P. koraiensis habitats is constantly disturbed by external uncertain environmental factors, which greatly affects the geographical distribution of P. koraiensis. However, its geographical distribution is still unclear, which greatly hinders further understanding of the ecological process of P. koraiensis. Consequently, it is particularly important to explore the potential distribution and migration of P. koraiensis during several critical periods.

Methods

Random forest (RF) was used to establish the redistribution of P. koraiensis.

Results

The results showed that temperature seasonality and precipitation in the coldest quarter were the key factors limiting the current distribution of P. koraiensis. Currently, P. koraiensis is mainly distributed in the Lesser Khingan Mountains and Changbai Mountains, with a total suitable area of ~4.59 × 105 km2. In the past, the historical distribution of P. koraiensis during the LIG period was basically consistent with the current distribution range, but its distribution range was more complete. In the LGM period, the suitable distribution of P. koraiensis became fragmented, especially at the connection between the Lesser Khingan Mountains and the Changbai Mountains. Under future climate scenarios, the suitable distribution of P. koraiensis is projected to increase, while the highly suitable distribution will be reduced. The dramatically worrying change is that the suitable habitats of P. koraiensis are gradually breaking and separating in the junction zone between the Lesser Khingan Mountains and Changbai Mountains, which will cause the ecological corridor to break. The shifts in the distribution centroid indicated that the P. koraiensis population will migrate northward.

Discussion

However, it remains to be verified whether long-distance migration can be achieved without human assistance. Our results can provide some solutions for protection and management strategies for P. koraiensis populations and the impact of climate change, shedding light on the effectiveness of management responses.
Enhancing nutrient uptake and grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) growth through soil application of beneficial bacteria (Bacillus spp.)
Authors: Cano-Castro Laura , Li Jinyun , Wang Nian , Strauss Sarah L. , Schumann Arnold W.
Published: May 2024

The term plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) refers to a root-associated bacteria that possesses several benefits for soil and the plant. The increasing demand for sustainable food production necessitates a shift towards agricultural practices that mitigate adverse environmental impacts. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has raised concerns, prompting a surge of interest in harnessing the potential of beneficial soil microorganisms, particularly plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. This study explores the impact of soil inoculation with PGPR treatments on grapefruit seedlings, including a commercial strain of Bacillus velezensis, a fresh inoculum of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, a mixture of three selected citrus endophytic Bacillus spp. isolates, inorganic fertilizers, and combinations thereof. The aim was to test their ability to enhance growth and nutrient uptake reducing the input of chemical fertilization. Results indicated that the combination of Bacillus velezensis and inorganic fertilization significantly improved soil nutrient availability and enhanced plant growth, surpassing both negative (water) and positive (inorganic fertilization) controls. Shoot and root system biomass showed significant increases from Bacillus velezensis plus inorganic fertilization compared to other treatments. These findings provide insights into management methods that can reduce chemical inputs while promoting plant productivity. The demonstrated benefits of PGPR on grapefruit seedlings highlight a promising approach for future research and applications in sustainable citrus cultivation.
cGAS-STING pathway in pathogenesis and treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Yang XiCheng , Zhao LiLi , Pang YinQuan
Published: May 2024

Osteoarthritis (OA) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) are significant health concerns with notable prevalence and economic impact. RA, affecting 0.5% to 1.0% of the global population, leads to chronic joint damage and comorbidities. OA, primarily afflicting the elderly, results in joint degradation and severe pain. Both conditions incur substantial healthcare expenses and productivity losses. The cGAS-STING pathway, consisting of cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING), is a crucial component of mammalian immunity. This pathway is responsible for detecting foreign DNA, particularly double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), triggering innate immune defense responses. When cGAS recognizes dsDNA, it catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic GMP–AMP (cGAMP), which then binds to and activates STING. Activated STING, in turn, initiates downstream signaling events leading to the production of interferons and other immune mediators. The cGAS-STING pathway is essential for defending against viral infections and maintaining cellular balance. Dysregulation of this pathway has been implicated in various inflammatory diseases, including arthritis, making it a target for potential therapeutic interventions. Understanding the intricate molecular signaling network of cGAS-STING in these arthritis forms offers potential avenues for targeted therapies. Addressing these challenges through improved early detection, comprehensive management, and interventions targeting the cGAS-STING pathway is crucial for alleviating the impact of OA and RA on individuals and healthcare systems. This review offers an up-to-date comprehension of the cGAS-STING pathway’s role in the development and therapeutic approaches for these arthritis types.
Case report: BTK inhibitors is effective in type II mixed cryoglobulinemia with wild-type MyD88
Authors: Xu Mingyue , Xu Yunyu , Yuan Li , Shang Da , Chen Ruiying , Liu Shaojun , Li Yan , Liu Aiping , Liu Ruilai , Wang Qian , Ding Tianling , Xie Qionghong , Hao Chuan-Ming
Published: May 2024

This study presents two cases of type II mixed cryoglobulinemia. One case is essential, while the other is presumably associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Both patients tested positive for monoclonal IgMκ, but negative for MyD88 mutation. They showed resistance to rituximab combined with a glucosteroid regimen, but responded positively to BTK inhibitors. These cases highlight the remarkable effectiveness of BTK inhibitors in treating refractory type II cryoglobulinemia without MyD88 mutation. The first patient achieved rapid complete remission of nephrotic syndrome within one month of starting ibrutinib, along with a significant reduction in cryoglobulin levels and abnormal clonal cells. The second patient had a rapid disappearance of rash within three days and accelerated wound healing within one week of initiating orelabrutinib, accompanied by a reduction in C-reactive protein. However, there was no reduction in cryoglobulin levels during the 12-month follow-up. These findings suggest varied mechanisms of action of BTK inhibitors in type II cryoglobulinemia through different mechanisms.
Dimethyl fumarate modulates the regulatory T cell response in the mesenteric lymph nodes of mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Lima Amanda D. R. , Ferrari Breno B. , Pradella Fernando , Carvalho Rodrigo M. , Rivero Sandra L. S. , Quintiliano Raphael P. S. , Souza Matheus A. , Brunetti Natália S. , Marques Ana M. , Santos Irene P. , Farias Alessandro S. , Oliveira Elaine C. , Santos Leonilda M. B.
Published: May 2024

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF, Tecfidera) is an oral drug utilized to treat relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). DMF treatment reduces disease activity in MS. Gastrointestinal discomfort is a common adverse effect of the treatment with DMF. This study aimed to investigate the effect of DMF administration in the gut draining lymph nodes cells of C57BL6/J female mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. We have demonstrated that the treatment with DMF (7.5 mg/kg) significantly reduces the severity of EAE. This reduction of the severity is accompanied by the increase of both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mechanisms at the beginning of the treatment. As the treatment progressed, we observed an increasing number of regulatory Foxp3 negative CD4 T cells (Tr1), and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-27, as well as the reduction of PGE2 level in the mesenteric lymph nodes of mice with EAE. We provide evidence that DMF induces a gradual anti-inflammatory response in the gut draining lymph nodes, which might contribute to the reduction of both intestinal discomfort and the inflammatory response of EAE. These findings indicate that the gut is the first microenvironment of action of DMF, which may contribute to its effects of reducing disease severity in MS patients.
Resuspended freeze-dried Nannochloropsis as a model laboratory system for concentrated fresh Nannochloropsis in ultrasound cell disruption experiments
Authors: Mienis Esther , Vandamme Dries , Foubert Imogen
Published: May 2024

Microalgae have rigid, complex cell walls hindering direct lipid extraction. Cell disruption techniques are used to rupture these cellular structures to increase lipid extraction. Researchers investigating the downstream processing of microalgae do not always have access to microalgal cultivation systems to generate large amounts of fresh microalgal biomass. Using resuspended freeze-dried microalgal biomass as a model laboratory system for concentrated fresh biomass during cell disruption experiments offers greater flexibility in experimental planning and omits investment costs of microalgal cultivation equipment. So far, it however remains unclear whether freeze-dried resuspended biomass can be used as a model laboratory system to represent concentrated fresh biomass during cell disruption and lipid extraction experiments. This paper thus evaluated the suitability of resuspended freeze-dried Nannochloropsis as a model laboratory system for concentrated fresh Nannochloropsis during cell disruption. Ultrasound assisted cell disruption was used as example cell disruption technique and lipid extraction efficiency and free fatty acid content were investigated. Tap water and 3% sodium chloride are both suitable resuspension media for the resuspension of freeze-dried Nannochloropsis. Resuspension duration should be limited (< 120 min) to prevent the formation of free fatty acids. The condition of the biomass (concentrated fresh, or resuspended freeze-dried) prior to ultrasound assisted cell disruption did not influence the resulting lipid extraction efficiency. Resuspended freeze-dried Nannochloropsis biomass in tap water or 3% sodium chloride can thus be used as a model laboratory system for fresh microalgal biomass during research on ultrasound assisted lipid extraction. The generalization of the results to other cultivation conditions, cell disruption techniques, components of interest or microalgal species should be carefully assessed.
Deciphering decadal observation of Fukushima-derived radiocesium in the most polluted port near the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant: from seawater to marine fish
Authors: Lin Wuhui , Zhang Yibang , Du Jinqiu , Xuan Jiliang , Tuo Fei
Published: May 2024

The biological concentration effect of radionuclides in marine fish has exacerbated public anxiety about seafood security in the context of Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water discharged into the ocean. However, the most polluted port near the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) has seldom been investigated, especially for radioactivity in marine fish. In this study, decadal observations of radiocesium in marine fish and seawater from the most polluted port were simultaneously established after the Fukushima Nuclear Accident. We found a generally decreasing trend of historical 137Cs activity in seawater, with seasonal variations modulated by precipitation. Seasonal variations were elucidated with finer detail and divided into exponential decline in the dry season and steady variation in the wet season. A novel method was proposed to estimate the continuing source term of 137Cs derived from the FDNPP, which was 3.9 PBq in 2011 and 19.3 TBq between 2012 and 2022 on the basis of historical 137Cs. The biological concentration effect of marine fish is quantitatively emphasized according to the higher ratio of over-standards for radiocesium in marine fish relative to that in seawater. Long-term observation and analysis of radiocesium in marine fish and seawater from the most polluted port would provide insights into the scientific evaluation of the effectiveness of the decommissioning of the FDNPP in the past and share lessons on the fate of Fukushima-derived radionuclides in the future.
Effects of co-application of tiotropium bromide and traditional Chinese medicine on patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a muilticenter, randomized, controlled trial study
Authors: Chen Ruilin , Ni Kaiwen , Ji Conghua , Liu Zhongda , Yu Yali , Liu Gang , Yang Junchao , Wang Zhen
Published: May 2024

Background

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common, preventable, and treatable disease. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has shown promising potential in COPD treatment. and we conducted a multi-center RCT to evaluate the effectiveness of TCM-based therapy in stable COPD patients.

Methods

In this multicenter, double-blind RCT, a total of 200 patients were supposed to be assigned to either trial or control group randomly. Both groups received Tiotropium (18 μg) from month 0 to month 12. Trial group received additional TCM granules, while control group received a placebo from month 0 to month 6. Symptom assessment, total effective rate, lung function measurements, hospitalization rates, and quality of life were evaluated at month 0, month 6, and month 12. Adverse events were assessed at month 12.

Results

Of the initial 105 patients (aged 40–80) who completed the study, 51 were in trial group and 54 were in control group. At month 6, significant differences were observed between two groups in total effective rate (p = 0.020), sputum score (p = 0.047), changes in FVC% (p = 0.047) and FEV1 (p = 0.046). At month 12, significant differences were observed in sputum score (p = 0.020), FVC (p = 0.042), and change in FEV1 (p = 0.013). Compared to baseline, they both demonstrated improvements in symptoms, acute exacerbation, lung function, quality of life, and exercise tolerance.

Conclusion

TCM treatment effectively improved total effective rate, sputum symptom, FVC%, FEV1, and exhibited prolonged efficacy in improving sputum symptoms and FEV1 in stable COPD patients.

Clinical trial registration:https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=6029 identifier ChiCTR-TRC-13003531.
Exploring the causal relationship between gut microbiota and frailty: a two-sample mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Bo Fuduo , Teng Hong , Shi Jianwei , Luo Zhengxiang , Xu Yang , Pan Ruihan , Xia Yan , Zhu Shuaishuai , Zhang Yansong , Zhang Wenbin
Published: May 2024

Background

Frailty is a complex geriatric syndrome that seriously affects the quality of life of older adults. Previous observational studies have reported a strong relationship of frailty with the gut microbiota; however, further studies are warranted to establish a causal link. Accordingly, we aimed to conduct a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study to assess the causal relationship between frailty, as measured by the frailty index, and gut microbiota composition.

Methods

Instrumental variables for the frailty index (N = 175, 226) and 211 gut bacteria (N = 18,340) were obtained through a genome-wide association study. A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was performed to assess the causal relationship of gut microbiota with frailty. Additionally, we performed inverse Mendelian randomization analyses to examine the direction of causality. Inverse variance weighting was used as the primary method in this study, which was supplemented by horizontal pleiotropy and sensitivity analyses to increase confidence in the results.

Results

Bacteroidia (b = −0.041, SE = 0.017, p = 0.014) and Eubacterium ruminantium (b = −0.027, SE = 0.012, p = 0.028) were protective against frailty amelioration. Additionally, the following five bacteria types were associated with high frailty: Betaproteobacteria (b = 0.049, SE = 0.024, p = 0.042), Bifidobacterium (b = 0.042, SE = 0.016, p = 0.013), Clostridium innocuum (b = 0.023, SE = 0.011, p = 0.036), E. coprostanoligenes (b = 0.054, SE = 0.018, p = 0.003), and Allisonella (b = 0.032, SE = 0.013, p = 0.012). Contrastingly, frailty affected Butyrivibrio in the gut microbiota (b = 1.225, SE = 0.570, p = 0.031). The results remained stable within sensitivity and validation analyses.

Conclusion

Our findings strengthen the evidence of a bidirectional causal link between the gut microbiota and frailty. It is important to elucidate this relationship to optimally enhance the care of older adults and improve their quality of life.
Case report: Inhaled nitric oxide rescued a hypoxemia patient caused by dermatomyositis complicated with interstitial pneumonia
Authors: Wu Xiaoyan , Zheng Ruiqiang , Zhao Zhanqi
Published: May 2024

Interstitial pneumonia is the most common and serious secondary lesion of dermatomyositis. In some cases, patients may develop severe acute pneumonia that can quickly progress to respiratory failure, resulting in high mortality rates. A 57-year-old woman with dermatomyositis and interstitial pulmonary fibrosis experienced severe hypoxemia due to pulmonary infection. Despite receiving various treatments after entering the intensive care unit (ICU), such as anti-infection therapy, lung recruitment, prone position ventilation, sedative and muscle relaxation, the patient’s oxygen saturation continued to decline. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) monitoring revealed that prone position could not improve ventilation homogeneity. However, the patient’s ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) matching significantly improved 10 min after initiation of supine position ventilation combined with inhalation of nitric oxide (iNO). The patient’s PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) ratio increased from 86 mmHg to 150 mmHg at 30 min post-treatment. iNO treatment continued for 2 days. Then the patient’s condition improved and she was successfully weaned off the ventilator with rigorous monitoring and symptomatic care. The implementation of mechanical ventilation combined with iNO therapy rapidly improved V/Q matching and oxygenation in a patient with hypoxemia caused by dermatomyositis complicated with interstitial pneumonia. This approach successfully avoided the need for invasive extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support.
Influence of preoperative urine culture and bacterial species on urogenital sepsis after ureteral flexible lithotripsy in patients with upper urinary tract stones
Authors: Wang Leibo , Yu Xianzhe , Qiu Zuze , Liu Puyu , Tian Wu , He Wei , Pan Yulin , Xu Feng , Cen Zhuangding , Ou Yang , Li Daobing
Published: May 2024

Objective

This retrospective study aims to identify risk factors for urogenic sepsis in patients with upper urinary tract stones following ureteral flexible lithotripsy (FURL). Additionally, we analyze the clinical characteristics of bacterial infections post-surgery.

Methods

A total of 759 patients who underwent FURL at the Urology Department of Zunyi Medical University were included. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent risk factors for urogenic sepsis post-FURL. The distribution of bacteria based on preoperative urine cultures was also analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using R4.2.2 software.

Results

Of the 759 patients, positive preoperative urine culture, urine nitrite positivity, urine white blood cell count (WBC) ≥ 200 cells/μL, residual stones, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were found to be independent risk factors for urogenic sepsis after FURL. Among the 164 patients with positive preoperative urine cultures, 32 developed urogenic sepsis post-surgery, with 68.75% having positive preoperative cultures. The leading pathogens causing postoperative urogenic sepsis were Escherichia coli (E. coli), Enterococcus faecium, Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The probabilities of progression to urogenic sepsis were as follows: E. coli 19% (n = 12), Enterococcus faecium 43% (n = 3), Proteus mirabilis 33.3% (n = 1), and Klebsiella pneumoniae 33.3% (n = 1). The ages of affected patients were 47.17 ± 13.2, 53.7, 41, and 79 years, respectively. Rates of comorbid diabetes were 36.4, 66.7, 50, 100%, with nitrite positivity rates at 72.7, 33.3, 50, 0%. Ten female patients were infected with E. coli, while patients infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae had an NLR of 7.62.

Conclusion

Positive preoperative urine culture, urine nitrite positivity, urine WBC ≥ 200 cells/μL, residual stones, and NLR are independent risk factors for urogenic sepsis after FURL. Escherichia coli is the predominant pathogen post-FURL, with notable female prevalence and nitrite-positive urine in infections. Enterococcus faecium infections are associated with diabetes.
Systematic genome-wide Mendelian randomization reveals the causal links between miRNAs and Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Shi Guolin , Wu Tingting , Li Xuetao , Zhao Debin , Yin Qiuyuan , Zhu Lei
Published: May 2024

Background

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have pivotal roles in gene regulation. Circulating miRNAs have been developed as novel candidate non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response for diseases. However, miRNAs that have causal effects on Parkinson’s Disease (PD) remain largely unknown. To investigate the causal relationships between miRNAs and PD, here we conduct a Mendelian randomization (MR) study.

Methods

This study utilized the summary-level data of respective genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 2083 miRNAs and seven PD-related outcomes to comprehensively reveal the causal associations between the circulating miRNAs and PD. Two-sample MR design was deployed and the causal effects were estimated with inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, and weighted median. Comprehensively sensitive analyses were followed, including Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO, and leave-one-out analysis, to validate the robustness of our results. Finally, we investigated the potential role of the MR significant miRNAs by predicting their target genes and functional enrichment analysis.

Results

Inverse variance weighted estimates suggested that two miRNAs, miR-205-5p (β = −0.46, 95%CI: −0.690 to −0.229, p = 9.3 × 10−5) and miR-6800-5p (β = −0.389, 95%CI: −0.575 to −0.202, p = 4.32 × 10−5), significantly decreased the rate of cognitive decline among PD patients. In addition, eight miRNAs were nominally associated with more than three PD-related outcomes each. No significant heterogeneity of instrumental variables or horizontal pleiotropy was found. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that the targets of these causal miRNAs were significantly enriched in cell cycle, apoptotic, and aging pathways.

Conclusion

This MR study identified two miRNAs whose genetically regulated expression might have a causal role in the development of PD dementia. Our findings provided potential miRNA biomarkers to make better and early diagnoses and risk assessments of PD.
Comparative study of a liposome and emulsion system with cinnamon essential oil on the quality and proteolysis of refrigerated minced pork
Authors: Wu Kegang , Zhang Tong , Chai Xianghua , Wang Pingping , Duan Xuejuan
Published: May 2024

Essential oils have been recognized for their strong antibacterial property, making them an innovative approach for preserving meat. However, their chemical instability and direct impact on meat proteins limit their application. To overcome these limitations, various loading systems have been explored. This study aimed to compare the effect of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) loaded in a liposome and emulsion system on the proteolysis of minced pork and to evaluate the advantages of each delivery system in preventing microorganism-induced quality deterioration of meat. Minced pork treated with CEO-liposomes exhibited lower pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), and total viable count (TVC) values than CEO-emulsions and provided better protection against microorganisms. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis confirmed that CEO-liposome was more effective in protecting proteins from degradation. Moreover, CEO-liposome produced lower amount of bitter amino acids and harmful biogenic amines. Antibacterial mechanisms indicated that CEO-liposome exhibited a stronger inhibitory effect against major spoilage bacteria in meat products by increasing cell membrane permeability. The membrane damage was further supported by an increase in conductivity and the leakage of nucleic acids. Compared to the CEO-emulsion system, CEO-liposome emerged as an effective preservative for minced pork. These results provided important theoretical support for using a bioactive compound delivery system to prevent microorganism-induced quality deterioration in meat.
The relationship between baseline nutritional status with subsequent parenteral nutrition and clinical outcomes in cancer patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery: a retrospective study
Authors: AlTawil Esraa , Kalagi Nora A. , Alzahrani Sohailah , Alobeed Faisal , Alshammari Sulaiman , Bin Traiki Thamer
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) with Cytoreductive Surgery (CRS) is the preferred treatment for peritoneal malignancies. This highly complex operation is associated with a high incidence of complications, particularly due to malnutrition. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between preoperative nutritional status and postoperative clinical outcomes in adult cancer patients who underwent CRS/HIPEC for peritoneal malignancy.

Methods

A retrospective study with 140 adult cancer patients, on parenteral nutrition (PN) (n = 40) and not on PN (n = 100) who underwent CRS with or without HIPEC, was conducted.

Results

Patients who received PN had significantly longer post-operative, hospital, and ICU LOS than those who did not (p = 0.001). ICU admission was significantly higher in the non-PN receiving group compared to the PN receiving group. When compared to the PN group, the majority of patients not receiving PN were at low risk of malnutrition (91% vs. 75%, p = 0.020), whereas 17.5% of PN patients were at risk of malnutrition during hospitalization. Multiple regression analyses revealed a strong positive relationship between patients with increased risk of malnutrition and ICU LOS (p = 0.047).

Discussion

Routine preoperative nutrition assessment is essential to identify patients who are at higher nutritional risk, and nutrition support should be provided preoperatively.
Persistent gene expression and DNA methylation alterations linked to carcinogenic effects of dichloroacetic acid
Authors: Carswell Gleta , Chamberlin John , Bennett Brian D. , Bushel Pierre R. , Chorley Brian N.
Published: May 2024

Background

Mechanistic understanding of transient exposures that lead to adverse health outcomes will enhance our ability to recognize biological signatures of disease. Here, we measured the transcriptomic and epigenomic alterations due to exposure to the metabolic reprogramming agent, dichloroacetic acid (DCA). Previously, we showed that exposure to DCA increased liver tumor incidence in B6C3F1 mice after continuous or early life exposures significantly over background level.

Methods

Using archived formalin-fixed liver samples, we utilized modern methodologies to measure gene expression and DNA methylation levels to link to previously generated phenotypic measures. Gene expression was measured by targeted RNA sequencing (TempO-seq 1500+ toxicity panel: 2754 total genes) in liver samples collected from 10-, 32-, 57-, and 78-week old mice exposed to deionized water (controls), 3.5 g/L DCA continuously in drinking water (“Direct” group), or DCA for 10-, 32-, or 57-weeks followed by deionized water until sample collection (“Stop” groups). Genome-scaled alterations in DNA methylation were measured by Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing (RRBS) in 78-week liver samples for control, Direct, 10-week Stop DCA exposed mice.

Results

Transcriptomic changes were most robust with concurrent or adjacent timepoints after exposure was withdrawn. We observed a similar pattern with DNA methylation alterations where we noted attenuated differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in the 10-week Stop DCA exposure groups compared to the Direct group at 78-weeks. Gene pathway analysis indicated cellular effects linked to increased oxidative metabolism, a primary mechanism of action for DCA, closer to exposure windows especially early in life. Conversely, many gene signatures and pathways reversed patterns later in life and reflected more pro-tumorigenic patterns for both current and prior DCA exposures. DNA methylation patterns correlated to early gene pathway perturbations, such as cellular signaling, regulation and metabolism, suggesting persistence in the epigenome and possible regulatory effects.

Conclusion

Liver metabolic reprogramming effects of DCA interacted with normal age mechanisms, increasing tumor burden with both continuous and prior DCA exposure in the male B6C3F1 rodent model.