bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Načelo lojalnog postupanja članova društva osoba
Authors: Arambašić Jelena
Published: December 2023

Načelo lojalnog postupanja (ili dužnost članova na lojalno postupanje) shvaća se temeljnim načelom koje karakterizira članstvo u društvima osoba te sadržaj i opseg prava i obveza članova, predstavljajući glavnu smjernicu njihova ponašanja. Ishodište se načela primarno može pronaći u obveznopravnom institutu bona fides, zatim u očuvanju zajedničkog cilja društva, ali i u činjenici da se u društvima osoba pojavljuju pravni odnosi u kojima se u visokoj mjeri zahtijeva osobna suradnja te nesmetano uzajamno povjerenje. Ipak, specificiranje dužnosti na lojalno postupanje nije isključivo podložno objektivnim kriterijima, već se mora odrediti u svakoj pojedinačnoj situaciji. Budući da dužnost na lojalno postupanje ne predstavlja čisto teorijsko načelo, njezina povreda izaziva pravne posljedice različitih opsega, koje posljedice ovise o naravi povrede dužnosti. Također, primjena ovog načela ne može se isključiti.
Neki pravni prijepori kod pripajanja društva s ograničenom odgovornošću kao dužnika u predstečajnom postupku
Authors: Švedl Blažeka Vedrana
Published: December 2023

Statusne promjene, uključujući i pripajanje, jedan su od mogućih modela restrukturiranja dužnika. Unatoč rizicima, pripajanje nosi benefite i društvu preuzimatelju u vidu boljeg i profitabilnijeg poslovanja. S ustavnopravnog aspekta pripajanje je odraz poduzetničke i tržišne slobode. Hrvatsko insolvencijsko pravo do današnjeg je dana obilježeno brojnim zakonodavnim intervencijama. Međutim, cilj oporavka društva predstečajnog dužnika jest konstantan, neovisno o tome što nije svako društvo podobno za restrukturiranje. U tim okolnostima otvara se pitanje prostora za zlouporabu prava. U tom smislu primarni je cilj ovog rada analizirati pitanje pravnih posljedica pripajanja bez suglasnosti suda i mogućnosti provođenja takvog upisa u sudskom registru. Nadalje, otvara se i pitanje pravnog položaja vjerovnika pripojenog društva, pravnih posljedica procesa pripajanja na njihove tražbine i pitanja pravne zaštite njihovih prava. Pripajanje društva dužnika u predstečajnom postupku prikazat će se kroz okvir mogućih zlouporaba prava. Gledajući regulatorni okvir Stečajnog zakona i Zakona o trgovačkim društvima u cjelini, zaključuje se kako statusne promjene dužnika u predstečajnom, ali i stečajnom postupku traže detaljnije normativno rješenje, stoga se daju prijedlozi de lege ferenda.
Analysis of morphological errors in Russian translations of public signs in China
Authors: Lifen Liu , Ruiru Li , Min Li , Zhonglian Huang
Published: December 2023

This article examines the types of morphological errors of Chinese-Russian translation of public signs, analyzes the causes of errors and provides correct translations. This paper aims to improve the quality of public signs translation and urban language environment, in order to provide high-quality language services to the guests from Russian-speaking countries.
Dominants of the Chinese national personality
Authors: Xuna Sun
Published: December 2023

The article examines the main dominants and values of the Chinese national personality (CNL), which have a generalized meaning, and their specific distributors. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the very formulation of the problem, which was not previously included in the linguoculturological study. The practical significance of the research is that the data obtained can be used in the study of complex problems of speech activity; in the preparation of textbooks for teaching Chinese students the Russian language.
Monotheistic religions – a comparison and a historical view
Authors: Amri Salim , Khelkhal Maroua , Kouider Ghoraf , Asma Ikhlef
Published: December 2023

This article aims to introduce and compare the three monotheistic religions: Judaism, Christianity and Islam. In our research, we used various reliable international articles and researches.
Why were Nikolai Voznesensky and Mikhail Rodionov sentenced to death? Economic aspects of the “Leningrad affair” (part 1)
Authors: Sushkov Andrey , P’yankov Stepan
Published: December 2023

The article considers the economic aspects of the “Leningrad affair" and analyzes such accusations against the defendants as unreasonably inflated requests from the Leningrad leadership to the Soviet government for the allocation of financial and material resources. In addition, the accusations of the chairman of the USSR's State Planning Committee Nikolai Voznesensky in patronizing the interests of the leaders of Leningrad, promoting their economic needs in the government.
SOSIOLOGI SOSIAL: PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA INSTAGRAM TERHADAP INTERAKSI SOSIAL MAHASISWA
Authors: M Akhna Lia I.
Published: December 2023

Teknologi yang semakin maju mendorong manusia menciptakan cara-cara baru dalam berinteraksi dan bersosialisasi, termasuk inovasi teknologi komunikasi berupa media sosial. Pesatnya perkembangan media baru berdampak pada situs komunikasi, mulai dari email dan chat hingga media sosial dan jejaring sosial. Instagram adalah salah satu media sosial yang paling banyak digunakan oleh pengguna ponsel. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan Instagram terhadap interaksi sosial siswa. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan, yaitu metode pengumpulan data, dengan mempelajari teori-teori dari literatur yang relevan.
KRITIK KARL MARX TERHADAP KAPITALISME
Authors: syarif Rina maulina
Published: December 2023

KRITIK KARL MARX TERHADAP KAPITALISME
THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY IN THE FORMATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL CHARACTER OF THE CHILD: A SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW
Authors: Nafisa Nahdia Ilma
Published: December 2023

The role of family and education has a crucial role in shaping character from an early age. Families can shape a child's character through positive examples, support for emotional and social development, and careful supervision. On the other hand, education contributes to shaping character through a curriculum that is integrated with character building, an approach that prioritizes moral values, and learning experiences that stimulate character development.This study aims to investigate the important role of the family in the formation of children's educational character with a sociological approach. In the ever-changing context of modern society, the family is considered the main agent that plays a crucial role in shaping the character of children. This article outlines the social concepts that influence the character-building process, focusing on the role of the family as the main socializing agent.From a sociological perspective, this study identifies the dynamics of social relationships in the family as a determining factor in shaping the character of children's education. The results of this study are expected to provide additional insights for education practitioners, parents, and related parties in increasing understanding of the role of the family in the process of character formation of children. The implications of this research can also make a positive contribution to the development of educational policies and family support programs to create an environment that supports positive character development in children.
Penerapan Teori B.F Skinner dalam Pembentukan Karakter di Lingkungan Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Wati123 Rosilina
Published: December 2023

Research is to examine the basic references of sosiological science which is one of ensuring that an individual can live in balance among other individualswith diverse populations and models. It does not cover the life of the islamic boarding schol enivorement where a lot of sociological knowlwdge will be applied to the islamis boarding schol eviormnt as preperation for becaming a trained. This reaserch raises the theme of caracters formation which was popularized B.F Scinner using fieled research methodos. The descusions in the articel will cover a lot of the learning patterns of an individual in a islamic boarding school enviorment, and how this correlates B.F Scinner’s version ofcharacters formation.
Peran Sosial Media Terhadap Pembentukan Opini Publik: Studi kasus Keterlibatan Generasi Z Dalam Pemilihan Presiden
Authors: M.Syahdan
Published: December 2023

Generation-Z, as a group of first-time voters who are very connected to social media, has been identified as having great potential to be exposed to political content when approaching the 2023 elections. In the Central Java province, Generation-Z is faced with two different currents of political culture, namely local political culture. which is calmer in the context of local politics, and a noisy national political culture, especially in the online realm with a variety of political content on social media. The power of social media in influencing society depends entirely on its social aspect, which includes interaction and participation through campaigns. A campaign is basically the delivery of a message from the sender to the audience. With the development of internet technology and high penetration in Indonesia, where many residents use the internet and have social media accounts such as Facebook, Twitter, blogs and YouTube, Indonesia is ranked one fourth in the world. Social media network services enable content sharing, web communities and internet forums from various tools and communities. The use of social media needs to be planned, communicated and programmed to increase party credibility. Organizational communication is an important consideration to ensure adequate interaction on social media platforms. In conclusion, social media has played an important role in political campaigns in 2014 and will continue to play a role in the future.
Kritik Karl Marx Terhadap Kapitalisme
Authors: Yuniar Ashey
Published: December 2023

Sistem perekonomian kapitalis didasarkan pada ideologi kapitalis yang menekankan persaingan pasar melalui produksi, distribusi, dan konsumsi. Manusia dianggap memiliki kepemilikan mutlak atas sumber daya alam dan dapat menggunakannya secara bebas untuk menghasilkan kesejahteraan optimal. Ernest Mandel mengidentifikasi lima ciri utama perekonomian kapitalis, termasuk produksi untuk mencapai keuntungan maksimal, kepemilikan pribadi, pengoperasian produksi untuk menguasai pasar, upaya meraih keuntungan maksimal, dan tujuan akhir produksi adalah akumulasi modal.
KRITIK KARLMAX TERHADAP KAPITALISME
Authors: Samaruddin
Published: December 2023

KRITIK KARLMAX TERHADAP KAPITALISME
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ADVANCES AFFECTS THE BEHAVIOR CHANGE OF GENERATION Z
Authors: nafisahinayatulmaula@gmail.com
Published: December 2023

In this digital age, it is easier for us to communicate with anyone, including families who are far away. Although social media makes things easier, it also has a negative impact and a positive impact. Excessive / continuous use of social media causes addiction to users and affects their mental health. Generation Z is the group that uses social media the most because generation Z was born in the midst of the development of communication technology. The purpose of this study is to find out the progress of social media can influence the behavior of generation z. The results showed that the power of using social media from 68 different information, starting from the information filling 1 hour a day to the longest which is 20 hours using social media, then it was concluded that social media is very important for them. The rapid development of technology and knowledge in the field of information such as social media raises new problems, due to the unpreparedness of society, especially generation z which has an impact on the flow of development that causes impaired behavior and morals. Generation z has different characteristics from previous generations. The generation that is familiar with the internet in Indonesia has a very large number of 75 million people out of 191.9 million practical age because generation z is different, there is a gap with other generations.
Peran dan Pemahaman Mendasar Tentang Nilai, Norma, Etika dalam Kehidupan Bermasyarakat
Authors: MUBAROKAH SILPATUN
Published: December 2023

Terlihat bahwa era globalisasi saat ini memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia. Dampak globalisasi juga menimpa generasi muda, antara lain bangkitnya individualisme, hedonisme, sekularisme, dan konsumerisme. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memahami makna karakter, nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter, nilai-nilai pembangun peradaban, dan nilai-nilai Islam pembentuk peradaban. Dari beberapa problematika yang ada saya menarik sebuah kesimpulan bahwa pendidikan karakter bukanlah proses menghafal materi soal ujian dan teknik menjawabnya. Pendidikan karakter memerlukan pembiasaan, karena karakter tidak terbentuk secara cepat dan perlu dilatih secara sungguh-sungguh dan proporsional. Pendidikan karakter adalah pendidikan karakter yang selaras dengan nilai-nilai budaya luhur bangsa. Nilai-nilai budaya yang mempengaruhi peradaban meliputi perpaduan nilai pribadi dan sosial, perpaduan konsep nilai spiritual dan material. Sebaliknya, menurut Islam, nilai-nilai yang membangun peradaban adalah nilai-nilai moral.
KRITIK KARL MARX TERHADAP KAPITALISME
Authors: Sulpiani
Published: December 2023

Karl Max menentang pemikiraan Adam Smith melalui teori eksploitasi tenaga kerja dan teori nilai lebih yang dihasilkan tenaga kerja. Karl Marx mengkritik kapitalisme sebagai sumber penyebab keterasingan manusia karena sistem hak milik pribadi kapitalis memecah belah manusia ke dalam kelas-kelas sosial. Jika dikaji secara mendalam dan kritis, memang terkesan bahwa teori Karl Max sangat menekankan perlunya pemeratan ekonomi, keadilan sosial yang menjangkau semua lapisan masyarakat dan tidak adanya kelas dalam masyarakat.
U.S. History Collection Impact Study: Student Pre-Post Assessment
Authors: Borowiec Katrina , Littenberg-Tobias Joshua , Jordan Kensy
Published: December 2023

Student Pre-Post Measures used in the U.S. History Collection Impact Study
KESENJANGAN PERAN: IBU RUMAH TANGGA SEBAGAI PENCARI NAFKAH UTAMA DALAM KONTEKS NILAI DAN NORMA
Authors: Rohmaniah Agnia Alviatur
Published: December 2023

In the contemporary era, traditional family roles are undergoing significant transformations amid changes in social, economic, and cultural dynamics. This research, titled "Role Discrepancy: Homemakers as Primary Breadwinners in the Context of Values and Norms," delves deeper into this phenomenon. The understanding of the homemaker's role as the primary breadwinner continues to evolve, challenging established family norms and values. This study aims to identify the factors driving this change and analyze its impact on family interactions and cohesion. The history of family dynamics has always been closely linked to societal values and norms. However, with rapid changes in aspects of life such as economic shifts and the evolution of gender roles, family values and norms are also undergoing transformations. The first part of this research delves into the question of whether there is an identified shift in the values and social norms surrounding the role of homemakers as primary breadwinners. The decision of a homemaker to take on the role of the primary breadwinner brings complex implications for family dynamics. The second segment of this research analyzes the impact of this decision on day-to-day interactions within the family, the redistribution of responsibilities, and the formation of the family unit as a whole. Focusing on these changes, this research attempts to deepen our understanding of the intricate dynamics of relationships within the family. Furthermore, role shifts within the family can create disparities and conflicts. The final segment of this research highlights potential conflicts or tensions within the family that may arise in connection with the economic role of the homemaker. By detecting and analyzing these potential sources of conflict, this research provides in-depth insights into the dynamics of relationships and the challenges faced by families experiencing shifts in roles within the modern family structure. Through this approach, the research aims to provide a more holistic understanding of the homemaker's role as the primary breadwinner and how shifts in values and norms can shape family dynamics amid ongoing societal changes
Open-source approach for reproducible substrate mapping using semantic segmentation on recreation-grade side scan sonar datasets
Authors: Bodine Cameron , Buscombe Daniel , Hocking Toby
Published: December 2023

Knowledge of the variation and distribution of substrates at large spatial extents in aquatic systems, particularly rivers, is severely lacking, impeding species conservation and ecosystem restoration efforts. Air and space-borne remote sensing important for terrestrial and atmospheric measurements are limited in benthic environments due to river stage, turbidity, and canopy cover, requiring direct observation of conditions in the field. Recreation-grade side scan sonar (SSS) instruments, or fishfinders, have demonstrated their unparalleled value as a low-cost scientific instrument capable of rapidly imaging benthic environments due to the ease of deploying and operating the instrument. However, existing methods for generating georeferenced datasets from these instruments, including sonar mosaics and substrate maps, remains a barrier of adoption for wider scientific inquiry due to the high degree of human-intervention and expertise required to generate these datasets. To address this short-coming, we introduced PING-Mapper; an open-source and freely available Python-based software for generating geospatial benthic datasets from popular Humminbird® instruments reproducibly, with minimal intervention from the user. The previously released Version 1.0 of the software provided automated workflows for exporting georeferenced sonar imagery. This study extends functionality with Version 2.0 by incorporating semantic segmentation with deep neural network models to reproducibly map substrates at large spatial extents. We present a novel approach for generating label-ready sonar datasets, creating label-image training sets, and model training with transfer learning; all with readily available open-source tools. The substrate models, achieving overall accuracies of 78%, are integrated into PING-Mapper v2.0, providing an automated workflow to generate map substrate distribution anywhere. Additional workflows enable masking sonar shadows, calculating independent bedpicks, and correcting attenuation effects in the imagery to improve interpretability. This software provides an improved mechanism for generating geospatial benthic datasets from recreation-grade SSS systems, thereby lowering the barrier for inclusion in wider aquatic research.
Recovering speech intelligibility with deep learning and multiple microphones in noisy-reverberant situations for people using cochlear implants
Authors: Gaultier Clément , Goehring Tobias
Published: December 2023

For cochlear implant (CI) listeners, holding a conversation in noisy and reverberant environments is often challenging. Deep learning algorithms can potentially mitigate these difficulties by enhancing speech in everyday listening environments. This study compared several deep learning algorithms with access to one, two unilateral or six bilateral microphones that were trained to recover speech signals by jointly removing noise and reverberation. The noisy-reverberant speech and an ideal noise-reduction algorithm served as lower and upper references. Objective signal metrics were compared with results from two listening tests, including 15 typical hearing listeners with CI simulations and 12 CI listeners. Large and statistically significant improvements in speech reception thresholds of 7.4 and 10.3 dB were found for the multi-microphone algorithms. For the single-microphone algorithm, there was an improvement of 2.3 dB, but only for the CI listener group. The objective signal metrics correctly predicted the rank order of results for CI listeners, and there was an overall agreement for most effects and variances between results for CI simulations and CI listeners. These algorithms hold promise to improve speech intelligibility for CI listeners in environments with noise and reverberation, and benefit from a boost in performance when using features extracted from multiple microphones.
Chinese Translation of the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire
Authors: Cai Xin-lu , Ye Qingying , Ni Ke , Zhu Lin , Zhang Qian , Zhang Zhe , Wei Wei , Preece David , Li Bao-ming
Published: December 2023

This Chinese translation of the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire (PAQ) was translated from the original English version. An initial translation from English to Chinese was conducted and refined by the authorship team. These Chinese items were then back-translated into English by a translator with CATTI certification. Minor refinements to some of the Chinese items were made by the authorship team on the basis of this back-translation, resulting in the final Chinese version of the PAQ presented in this document. Our team is currently conducting a psychometric study on this Chinese PAQ to examine its validity and reliability. 该中文翻译版珀斯述情障碍量表（the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire，PAQ）经由英文原版翻译而来。作者团队首先对该量表进行了从英文到中文的初步翻译和凝练。随后，这些中文条目由一位拥有CATTI认证的翻译员回译为英文。基于回译版本，作者团队对一些中文条目进行了细微调整，最终形成了本文档中呈现的PAQ的中文版本。目前，本团队正致力于探究中文版PAQ的心理测量学属性，以验证其信效度。
Perspective conflict disrupts pragmatic inference in real-time language comprehension
Authors: Barr Dale J. , Sirniö Hanna , Kovacs Beata Eszter , O'Shea Kieran J. , McNee Shannon , Beith Alistair , Britain Heather , Li Qintong
Published: December 2023

In two visual-world eyetracking experiments, we investigated how effectively addressees use information about a speaker's perspective to resolve temporary ambiguities in spoken expressions containing prenominal scalar adjectives (e.g., the small candle). The experiments used a new "Display Change" task to create situations where an addressee's perspective conflicted with that of a speaker, allowing the point of disambiguation (early versus late) to be specified independently from each perspective. Contrary to existing perspective-taking theories, the only situation in which addressees resolved references early was when both perspectives afforded early disambiguation. When perspectives conflicted, addressees exhibited a lower rate of preferential looks to the target and slower response times. This disruption to contrastive inference reflects either the suspension of pragmatic inferencing or cognitive limitations on the simultaneous representation and use of incompatible perspectives.
Problem of Migrant Children in the Mathematics Classroom
Authors: Parajuli Kharika Devi
Published: December 2023

The main purpose of this paper was to explore the key problems faced by migrant children in learning mathematics in the new classroom setting. For exploring this issue, I used a qualitative research method in which I conducted in-depth interviews with a few migrant children from the marginalized community. I analyzed the information to construct themes by connecting students generated text with their experience. The finding of the study included three themes: adjustment difficulties, language barriers, and cultural devaluation. These findings may be useful to school students, teachers, and mathematics educators to foster multiple opportunities to develop respect for various cultural learning environments for students’ success in school and the classroom.
An assessment of the Determinants of Inflation in Nepal: A study between 1974/75 and 2021/22
Authors: Chhetri Hom Bahadur
Published: December 2023

Inflation is one of the important and interestingly touchy macroeconomic variables that influences other macroeconomic variables such as investment, consumption, saving and others. Therefore, it has become renewed interest in recent years mainly for both developed and developing countries. This paper examined the short-run and long-run relationship between inflation and its determinants in Nepal using time series data over the period of 1974/75-2021/22. The ARDL bound test approach to co-integration and error correction model have been used to examine the long-run and short-run relationship between variables. The results from ARDL bound test approach to co-integration show that broad money supply, Indian inflation and budget deficit have a significant positive effect on inflation while exchange rate negatively affect it in the long-run. The result from error correction model also found that Nepalese inflation and Indian inflation are significantly and positively related even in the short-run. However, real GDP affects inflation negatively as expected but it is statistically insignificant. A corollary of the results is that broad money supply, budget deficit, Indian inflation and exchange rate are the main drivers of inflation in Nepal.
Motivation and Performance of Employees of Pokhara Based Internet Service Providers
Authors: Adhikari Nabin Bahadur
Published: December 2023

Employee motivation is one of the important factors that can help the employer to improve employees and organizational performance. This research paper aims to investigate the impact of motivation on employee performance in Pokhara based internet provider. This article is based on case study method in which ‘Pokhara Internet Private Limited’ was selected by following lottery method of sampling. The study sample size was about 90% (103) of the population which was randomly selected from each department of the Pokhara Internet Pvt. Limited with the help of employees name list provided by HR Department. The study applied empirical approach in which a survey questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data. For the fulfillment of research objective various statistical techniques has been applied. The hypothesis was set to test under some constraints. The statistical tool like descriptive statistic and inferential statistics like ANOVA, multiple linear regressions was applied for this regard the famous statistical software named SPSS-20 has been used. The results validated the research questions and proved statistically significant impact of employees’ motivation on their performance. Moreover, it is also known that female employees had high level of motivation in the sample institution.
Medium of Instruction and Achievement in Social Studies among the Students of Gogan Secondary School, Pokhara
Authors: Adhikari Sandeep
Published: December 2023

This conference paper explores factors involved in the achievement of social studies in the basic level students of Pokhara Municipality. The objectives of the paper are to analyze the different factors associated with students’ achievement in learning social studies and to look for associations of mother-tongue education with the students’ achievement. A quantitative and applied research methodology with both primary and secondary sources of information was used. The primary data is collected via an online survey using a structured questionnaire. The data has been collected using researcher-administered online counseling and the distribution of online forms. Similarly, secondary data has been collected from different sources. The survey used a population of 155 students from one of the schools in Pokhara, Shree Gogan Secondary School, conveniently selected. The paper provides a theoretical basis showing that language choices are important for raising interest in the subject matter in students, which further increases the chances of attaining better grades. The students’ achievement is influenced by several factors, including linguistic, educational, social, and economic expediencies. At the time of the survey, it was observed that the students wanted some changes in the uses of the medium of instruction as well as the method of teaching. The study revealed that most respondents do not find English as a medium of instruction comfortable for study. Most respondents prefer their mother tongue as a medium of instruction. The paper concludes that mother-tongue education should be implemented rather than using an imposed medium of instruction (MOI).
Public Expectation on Strengthening Municipal Governance through Government Preparedness in the Public Service Delivery
Authors: Tiwari Surendra Babu
Published: December 2023

With the introduction of the federal government system in Nepal, two local level elections were held which increased the public expectations of citizens although the power sharing and decentralization system at federal state and local level and local level is relatively difficult. The Ministry of Federal Affair and General Administration (MOFAGA) under the Local Government Operation Act has developed a Local Government Institutional Self-Assessment (LISA) model to assess municipal governance. This study examined the preparedness of Pokhara Metropolitan City for addressing the expectations of the people in public service delivery especially with the application of the LISA model and identified the measures of preparedness for the responsive and accountable municipal government. The sample size was 149 individuals selected from three wards (ward 8 in urban, ward 27 is in semi-urban and ward 24 in the rural/periphery area) of PMC where the sample was collected at the 5% level of significance and 8% margin of error. The findings of the study suggested that the assessment of the expectation is the first step and government preparedness should be according to the public service delivery mechanisms so as to strengthen municipal governance in the municipality. The LISA model in municipalities is the baseline for strengthening the municipal governance. The study has been a useful assessment for the capacity development and technical backstopping at the one hand the public expectations at the other.
Cultural Assimilation: A Post Colonial Perspective in Kim
Authors: Paudel Yog Raj
Published: December 2023

Rudyard Kipling’s Kim is mostly considered as a novel of advocacy for making colonizers stronger to rule the natives. It deals the native with a stereotypical perception of the oriental, particularly, of Indian people. This paper has used Edward Said’s postcolonial perspective of orientalism to analyze Kim. Emphasis is given on identifying the situations and expressions that are directed to cultural assimilation, trying to indicate that Kipling advocates for the English cultural supremacy and colonial significance in Indian territory. This research is based on primary as well as secondary data analysis with qualitative research approach. Finding shows that Kipling, with a pretext of standing in- between the East and the West, visualizes varying ranges of stereotype of India and its peoples. Even if cultural assimilation seems to be liberally responded at different occasions this study tells that English community is in understanding and application of cultural supremacy as a determinate factor to establish their rule upon the native and inspire the latter to assimilate to former’s culture. Detailed analysis of assimilation through post-colonial cultural hegemony perceptive would be further relevant study on this novel.
A Review on the Ingredients of Triphala (Harro, Barro and Amala)
Authors: Ghimire Alizza , Bhattarai Pratima , Adhikari Promish
Published: December 2023

Triphala is a poly-herbal formula made up of three equal proportions of herbal fruits, Harro, Barro, and Amala, found in tropical and sub-tropical regions of Asia. This study aimed to review the phytochemicals, potential uses, and constituents of Triphala using PRISMA standards. Data was collected from well-known bibliometric information sources. All the obtained information was analysed systematically and represented in a tabular and descriptive form. The result shows that the main chemical constituents of Triphala include Vitamin C, carotene, nicotinic acid, riboflavin, tannins, tannins, anthraquinones, polyphenolic compounds, and gallic acid, tannic acid, and glycosides. Triphala is crucial for balancing and rejuvenating three constitutional elements that govern human life. Its biological activities include anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-arthritic, anti-stress, antipyretic, analgesic, anti-diarrheal, gastrointestinal protective, hepatoprotective, anti-hyperglycemic, cardioprotective, hypolipidemic, wound healing, antineoplastic, radio-protective, chemoprotective, chemopreventive, mutagenesis and DNA damage prevention, anti-cataractogenesis, anti-lipid peroxidative, free radical scavenging, and anti-inflammatory. Triphala is a novel drug with numerous therapeutic potentials, effective in maintaining health, preventing diseases, and treating various ailments. This herbal aptitude of Triphala promotes the development of a medical system with minimal side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the local population is provided with accurate information regarding triphala.
Impact of 2015 Earthquake on the Shifts in Internal and International Relations of Nepal
Authors: Khanal Prem Raj
Published: December 2023

The devastation generated by the 2015 Nepal Gorkha earthquake greatly affected the country’s politics and security, impacting the lives of around 8 million individuals with 9000 recorded deaths, more than 22 thousand injured. Thousands of private houses, public building, cultural heritages and critical infrastructures were damaged. More than 30 districts of Nepal felt the surmounting consequences of the terrible aftershocks. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the shifts within the domestic discourse in Nepal’s political happenings and also to look at the role of global actors in the humanitarian efforts in the country, filling the gaps left by state actors in the kerfuffle. The Constitution and the call for assistance by the central government were important in guaranteeing a certain kind of post-disaster stability and restoring as well as uplifting public morale and belief in the state systems. Adopting a qualitative method, through an analytical lens the study looked at the overall impact of the quake on Nepal’s politics and the trends of bilateral, regional and global assistance, focusing on the major donor agencies and the role of Nepal’s neighbouring states. There were several new developments and outlooks with regards to both state interests and the framework of disaster response. The paper also recognizes the importance of regional integration either by means of institutional instruments or through some other measure alongside a cohesive internal policy arrangement amongst the parties for future strategies aiming at effective disaster reduction and response.
Pedicled Groin Flap for Coverage of Soft Tissue Defect of Hand
Authors: Parajuli Nirajan Prasad , Yadav Krishna Kant , Sah Rajeev Kumar , Bohra Lalit Kumar , Sundas Milan
Published: December 2023

Background: Distant pedicle flaps like groin flaps are still considered workhorse flaps for the coverage of soft tissue defects of the hand. In the era of free flaps pedicle flaps are still considered as primary flaps by many surgeons. Pedicle flaps are easy to raise, require less experience and microsurgical facility.
Methods: In this retrospective descriptive study, patients in whom groin flap was done for reconstruction of hand soft tissue defects were included from April 2017 to April 2022.
Results: Thirty-three flaps were included in this study with an average patients’ age of 34.6 years. There were 24 males and 9 females. All flaps survived and served the purpose of covering wounds. Complications like finger and shoulder stiffness were seen in 18 (54.5%), partial necrosis was seen in 4 (12.1%), marginal necrosis in 2 (6%), and infection was seen in 5 (15.2%) patients. Donor sites were healthy after insetting of the flap and did not show any sign of morbidities like infection or bad scarring. 
Conclusion:Groin flaps are versatile flaps. Where microvascular free flaps are not possible due to severity of injury or due to unavailability of the facility for microvascular free flap groin flap is an excellent option. With less complication, those flaps can be executed easily.
Management of Splenic Injury at B&C Medical College, Teaching Hospital and Research Centre
Authors: Baskota Bashu Dev , Pun Deepak , Payangu Bimas , Bhagat Sachin
Published: December 2023

Background: In all blunt abdominal injuries splenic injury relates to about 40%. Splenectomy is the preferred treatment choice for blunt splenic injury in hemodynamically unstable patients. The low-grade splenic injuries and stable patients are mostly treated by non-operative management (NOM) at today era. Consensuses have not been yet formulated about the management of high-grade splenic injuries in hemodynamically stable patients. So, this study analyzes the treatment of patients with high-grade splenic injuries in our institution.
Methods: This study includes all the patients with splenic injuries presented to our hospital during the 5 years period from 2017 to 2022. The datas regarding primary baseline at emergency, complications and mortality were collected from the patient records at medical record section. Based on splenic injury and the treatment they received, they were grouped accordingly.
Results: In a total of 38 cases of spleen injuries, the most common mode of injury was a road traffic accident (RTA) 84% followed by fall injury (10%) spontaneous rupture of the spleen and blast injury 3% each. Sixty-six per cent of the cases underwent operative management out of which 96% cases had a splenectomy and 4% cases had a splenic repair. There was 5% mortality and 95% recovery without residual morbidity.
Conclusion: Most of the cases with spleen injury were managed with a favorable outcome. The careful patient selection for non-operative management will result in higher splenic salvage with close monitoring in an intensive care unit.
Echocardiography as a Simple Test to Detect Diastolic Dysfunction in Normotensive Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Tamrakar Dhiraj , Lopchan Rupa , Adhikari Suman , Shrestha Tulsi Ram
Published: December 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus may develop left ventricular diastolic dysfunction which may cause diabetic cardiomyopathy even in the absence of atherosclerosis. The aim of our study is to look for the prevalence of diastolic dysfunction in diabetes mellitus patients with normal blood pressure.
Methods: Our study was cross sectional which included 50 patients who were normotensive diabetic with no evidence of coronary artery disease, thyroid or renal disease. 2D echocardiography was done to look for LVDD and its prevalence.
Results: LVDD was present in 32 patients (64%). It was found more in the females as compared to men and more in the 60-79 years age.There was more number of patients with diastolic dysfunction in those with more years of diabetes duration. It was also found that LVDD was more in those with HbA1c of 6.5% or more.
Conclusion: LVDD cause heart failure in diabetic patients. Thus, echocardiography is a simple noninvasive method to detect diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Competency-Based Medical Curriculum: A Resurgent Paradigm for Medical and Dental Graduates
Authors: Kasarla Rajeshwar Reddy , Kasarla Rahul Reddy , Thummala Sruthi Reddy
Published: December 2023

Present society is characterized by its growing complexity, dynamics and knowledge intensity, which requires professionals who are able to face new situations and problems confidently and expertly. Education faces the problem that knowledge acquisition does not necessarily mean the successful application of the same knowledge. In case of academic professionals, they should possess a broad and profound domain-specific knowledge and skills, the capability to acquire knowledge expeditiously and know-how where and when needed. Learning in a professional context has, therefore, become more important and general academic education is becoming more professional oriented. Medical education is changing to meet the demands of ever evolving health care system. One of these changes is the development and implementation of competency-based medical education (CBME). Competency-based learning and training is an approach to teaching and learning more often used in learning concrete skills than abstract learning. It differs from other non-related approaches in that the unit of learning is extremely fine-grained. Rather than a course or a module, every individual skill or learning outcome (known as a competency) is one single unit. Learners work on one competency at a time, which is likely a small component of a larger learning goal. The student is evaluated on the individual competency and can only move on to other competencies after they have mastered the current skill being learned. After that, higher or more complex competencies are learned to a degree of mastery and are isolated from other topics. Another common component of competency-based learning is the ability to skip learning modules entirely if the learner can demonstrate mastery. This can be determined through prior learning assessment or formative testing. This article pertaining to the discipline of medical education gives a broad overview and elaborates on this emerging competency based medical education approach and its related concepts.
Welfare regimes and social workers' conceptions of social problems and professional roles
Authors: Nygren Lennart , Christie Alastair , Muñoz Guzmán Carolina , Naujaniené Rasa
Published: December 2023

This article compares social work in countries representing four different welfare regimes: Chile, the Republic of Ireland (refer to elsewhere as ‘Ireland’), Lithuania and Sweden. The aim is to examine how social workers in different contexts refer to families’ complex needs, how contextual factors influence social workers’ positions and actions, and how they make sense of their work. Social workers in 15 focus groups, 4 per country except for Chile with 3, were interviewed about their conceptions of ‘family’, ‘families with complex needs’, and reasoning about interventions in relation to a fictitious complex case vignette. The understanding of complex needs appears relatively individualized in Chile and Lithuania, while contextual factors were more pronounced in the Irish and Swedish material. Chile, exemplifying a familialized family policy regime, reflects a poverty-compensatory social worker role that also supports familial reproduction; Ireland, a partly de-familialized regime, reflects a supportive and risk-reactive role; Lithuania, a re-familialized regime reflects a patriarchal risk-reducing role and Sweden, a de-familialized policy regime, reflects a rights-oriented and technocratic role. Welfare regimes shape different social work practice contexts. However, to some extent, social workers around the world share a common work ethos in how they, for the best interest of the people they work with, deal with the cross-pressure from social problems and political-ideological priorities.
Becoming a social worker
Authors: Salifu Jovia
Published: December 2023

Despite being the subject of numerous research, professional identity in social work remains an important yet contentious concept. The aim of this article is to contribute to the literature on professional identity in social work by reflecting on the mutual development of the personal and professional identities of social workers in Ghana. Interviews were conducted among 20 social workers in two regions of Ghana, the northern and central regions. The evidence shows that the identity of social workers is shaped by two major factors – the statutory legal regime in which they operate, and the professional principles they apply in their work. Understood within the frame of social identity theory, the narratives of the social workers indicate how identifying with the professional group bestows distinctiveness and a change in personal identity. This change is reflected in their attitudes and value judgements of previously taken-for-granted socio-cultural practices. But while they firmly identify with the state and the professional principles, the social workers actively attempt to build local authenticity into their professional practices.
A new domestic herbicide for weed control in maize crops ‘Metkiy, MD’
Authors: Tarchokov Kh. Sh. , Tutukova D. A. , Mataeva O. Kh.
Published: December 2023

There has been studied comparative efficiency (technical and economic) of domestic and foreign herbicides in controlling weeds in maize hybrid ‘Karat SV’ in the conditions of the steppe zone of Kabardino-Balkaria.

   The purpose of the current study was to determine the efficiency of using the domestically produced herbicide ‘Metkiy, MD’ on maize for grain and its effect on crop infestation and yield size.

   The trials were carried out at NPO No. 2, v. of Opytnoe, KBR in 2019–2021 on the experimental field of the laboratory for cultivating field crops at the Institute of Agriculture of the Kabardino-Balkarky Research Center RAN. There has been estimated the efficiency of the herbicide ‘Metkiy, MD’ in various dosages when applying 1.0 and 2.0 l/ha in the phase of 5–6 leaves of the crop, where 82.0–88.0 % of the total amount of weeds died 28–30 days after the application of the herbicide, including 78.0–85.0 % of Johnsongrass. The standards were various dosages of foreign herbicides ‘Kelvin Plus’, ‘VDG’ at a dose of 0.3 and 0.4 kg/ha and ‘Milagro Plus, MD’ at 1.0 and 1.2 l/ha. These options have also shown a high degree of suppression of the total amount of weeds (83.0–93.0 %), including 82.0–89.0 % of died malicious rhizomatous perennial Johnson-grass. By the period of grain harvesting, this pattern had no changes. During this period there were up to 75.0 specimens and 800.0 g/m2 of wet weight of weeds. In the variants using ‘Metky, MD’ in the tested dosages, the wet weight of the weeds was 80.0 g/m2 versus 90.5 g/m2 in the reference variants. The study confirmed the formation of high grain productivity of maize against the background of using the domestic herbicide ‘Metkiy, MD’ equal to 81.3–82.3 t/ha against 80.6–82.0 t/ha at the background of reference options, with the use of various dosages of foreign herbicides.
Book review of: Meaningful Assessment in Interdisciplinary Education: A Practical Handbook for University Teachers
Authors: Pilot Albert
Published: December 2023

The authors stress that assessment is important as an integral building block of all learning, when assessment stimulates learning and is based on intrinsic motivation. This book focusses on twenty examples in higher education of teachers who in an innovative way assess competences of their students, like integration of disciplines, cooperation, reflection and critical thinking. Many examples are from honors programs in European higher education.
Employing Mixed-Methods Citation Analysis to Investigate Transnational Influence in Evaluation Theory
Authors: Goodnight Melissa Rae , Avent Cherie M. , Kumaran Ramya
Published: December 2023

Mixed-methods citation analysis can be used to conduct research on evaluation (RoE) studies with a cross-country focus. In particular, this RoE study employs mixed-methods citation analysis to investigate the influence of an evaluation theorist’s concepts transnationally. We use Jennifer Greene’s program evaluation theories as a case example for observing the imprint of a theorists’ concepts on evaluators theorizing and practicing outside of the United States. Conducting this case analysis highlights the methodological affordances and shortcomings of citation analysis. The article addresses equity and diversity considerations in using citation analysis, particularly for investigating multidirectional transnational influences in evaluation theory.
Charlemagne’s Mustache
Authors: Dutton Paul
Published: December 2023

Paul Dutton tackles the neglected, but fascinating, history of hair, mustaches and beards in this article expanded from his plenary talk for CSM in 2000. He argues that the Germanic kings used hair – glorious, curly locks and full, manly beards – to distinguish themselves from their clean-shaven Roman predecessors. The article goes on to explore the intricacies of hair under the Merovingians, with laws and practices determining precise lengths and styles for different ranks and classes. The Carolingians, by contrast, were strikingly short-haired, mustaches replaced long hair as semiotic signifiers of power.