bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A bulk form Cu-based ferromagnetic semiconductor (La,Ba)(Cu,Mn)SO with the Curie temperature up to 170 K
Authors: Dong Jinou , Ding Cui , Zhao Xueqin , Xie Lingfeng , Yang Qiaolin , Pan Xun , Zhi Guoxiang , Fu Licheng , Gu Yilun , Ning Fanlong
Published: September 2023

We report the ferromagnetism in a new bulk form Cu-based magnetic semiconductor (La,Ba)(Cu,Mn)SO, which is iso-structural to the prototypical iron-based 1111-type superconductor LaFeAsO. Starting from the parent compound LaCuSO, carriers are introduced via the substitutions of La for Ba while spins are introduced via the substitutions of Cu for Mn. Spins are mediated by carriers, which develops into the long range ferromagnetic ordering. The maximum Curie temperature $$T_{C}$$

T
C

reaches up to $$\sim$$
∼
170 K with the doping levels of 10% Ba and 5% Mn. By comparing to the (La,Sr)(Cu,Mn)SO where Sr and Mn are co-doped into LaCuSO, we demonstrate that negative chemical pressure would suppress the ferromagnetic ordering.
Validation of prediction algorithm for risk estimation of intracranial aneurysm development using real-world data
Authors: Kim Tackeun , Choi Jisu , Park Won-Ju , Cho Seunghyeon , Yoo Yeongjae , Kim Hyeonjun , Cho Juhee , Joo Jin-Deok , Oh Chang Wan
Published: September 2023

Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is difficult to detect, and most patients remain undiagnosed, as screening tests have potential risks and high costs. Thus, it is important to develop risk assessment system for efficient and safe screening strategy. Through previously published research, we have developed a prediction model for the incidence risk of IA using cohort observational data. This study was designed to verify whether such a prediction model also demonstrates sufficient clinical performance in predicting the prevalence risk at the point of health screening, using cross-sectional data. The study population comprised individuals who visited the Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Health Promotion Center in Korea for voluntary medical checkups between 2007 and 2019. All participants had no history of cerebrovascular disease and underwent brain CTA for screening purpose. Presence of IA was evaluated by two specialized radiologists. The risk score was calculated using the previously developed AI model, and 0 point represents the lowest risk and 100 point represents the highest risk. To compare the prevalence according to the risk, age-sex standardization using national database was performed. A study collected data from 5942 health examinations, including brain CTA data, with participants ranging from 20 to 87 years old and a mean age of 52 years. The age-sex standardized prevalence of IA was 3.20%. The prevalence in each risk group was 0.18% (lowest risk, 0–19), 2.12% (lower risk, 20–39), 2.37% (mid-risk, 40–59), 4.00% (higher risk, 60–79), and 6.44% (highest risk, 80–100). The odds ratio between the lowest and highest risk groups was 38.50. The adjusted proportions of IA patients in the higher and highest risk groups were 26.7% and 44.5%, respectively. The median risk scores among IA patients and normal participants were 74 and 54, respectively. The optimal cut-off risk score was 60.5 with an area under the curve of 0.70. We have confirmed that the incidence risk prediction model built through machine learning also shows viable clinical performance in predicting prevalence risk. By utilizing this prediction system, we can effectively predict not only the incidence risk but also the prevalence risk, which is the probability of already having the disease, using health screening data. This may enable us to consider strategies for the early detection of intracranial aneurysms.
ATP induces folding of ALS-causing C71G-hPFN1 and nascent hSOD1
Authors: Kang Jian , Lim Liangzhong , Song Jianxing
Published: September 2023

ALS-causing C71G-hPFN1 coexists in both folded and unfolded states, while nascent hSOD1 is unfolded. So far, the mechanisms underlying their ALS-triggering potential remain enigmatic. Here we show by NMR that ATP completely converts C71G-hPFN1 into the folded state at a 1:2 ratio, while inducing nascent hSOD1 into two co-existing states at a 1:8 ratio. Surprisingly, the inducing capacity of ATP comes from its triphosphate, but free triphosphate triggers aggregation. The inducing capacity ranks as: ATP = ATPP = PPP > ADP = AMP−PNP = AMP−PCP = PP, while AMP, adenosine, P, and NaCl show no conversion. Mechanistically, ATP and triphosphate appear to enhance the intrinsic folding capacity encoded in the sequences, as unveiled by comparing conformations and dynamics of ATP- and Zn2+-induced hSOD1 folded states. Our study provides a mechanism for the finding that some single-cell organisms employ polyphosphates as primordial chaperones, and sheds light on the enigma of age-related onset of familial ALS and risk increase of neurodegenerative diseases.
Formation and characterization of polymetallic {CrxMy} rings in vacuo
Authors: Geue Niklas , Timco Grigore A. , Whitehead George F. S. , McInnes Eric J. L. , Burton Neil A. , Winpenny Richard E. P. , Barran Perdita E.
Published: September 2023

Understanding the (dis)assembly mechanisms of large metallosupramolecules is critical in their design, stability and application. The inherent complexity of these structures leads to many potential pathways for combining (or separating) the constituent building blocks, which makes this task difficult. Here we use collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry to study the disassembly of heterometallic complexes. Collisional activation leads to the formation of a series of previously unknown smaller ring products and we characterize their geometry using ion mobility. The disassembly of both {CrxCu2} hourglass structures (x = 10, 12) and of a {Cr12Gd4} cluster shows the formation of rare closed, heptametallic species {Cr6Cu}, {Cr5Cu2} and {Cr5Gd2} as dominant products, as well as other closed ions such as {Cr5Cu}, {Cr10Cu}, {Cr12Cu}, {Cr10}, {Cr12} and {Cr6Gd2}. The collision cross-section of cyclic products and precursors has a linear correlation with ion mass—a relationship that does not hold for acyclic systems. As these rings are non-trivial to synthesize individually in solution, we propose the presented workflow to identify and characterize feasible molecules for bulk phase synthesis.
Axis-space framework for cable-driven soft continuum robot control via reinforcement learning
Authors: Wei Dehao , Zhou Jiaqi , Zhu Yinheng , Ma Jiabin , Ma Shaohua
Published: September 2023

Cable-driven soft continuum robots are important tools in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) to reduce the lesions, pain and risk of infection. The feasibility of employing deep reinforcement learning (DRL) for controlling cable-driven continuum robots has been investigated; however, a considerable gap between simulations and the real world exists. Here we introduce a deep reinforcement learning-based method, the Axis-Space (AS) framework, which accelerates the computational speed and improves the accuracy of robotic control by reducing sample complexity (SC) and the number of training steps. In this framework, the SC was reduced through the design of state space and action space. We demonstrate that our framework could control a cable driven soft continuum robot with four tendons per section. Compared with the Double Deep Q-learning Network (DDQN) controller, the proposed controller increased the convergence speed by more than 11-fold, and reduced the positioning error by over 10-fold. This framework provides a robust method for soft robotics control.
Proteomic analysis of exosomes derived from human mature milk and colostrum of mothers with term, late preterm, or very preterm delivery
Authors: Freiría-Martínez Luis , Iglesias-Martínez-Almeida Marta , Rodríguez-Jamardo Cynthia , Rivera-Baltanás Tania , Comís-Tuche María , Rodrígues-Amorím Daniela , Fernández-Palleiro Patricia , Blanco-Formoso María , Álvarez-Chaver Paula , Diz-Chaves Yolanda , Gonzalez-Freiria Natalia , Martín-Forero-Maestre Montserrat , Fernández-Feijoo Cristina Durán , Suárez-Albo María , Fernández-Lorenzo Jose Ramón , Guisán Ana Concheiro , Olivares Jose Manuel , Spuch Carlos
Published: September 2023

The growth and development of the human brain is a long and complex process that requires a precise sequence of genetic and molecular events.
Self-delivery of a metal-coordinated anti-angiogenic nanodrug with GSH depleting ability for synergistic chemo-phototherapy
Authors: Zhu Fukai , Huang Cailin , Lin YanLing , Li Yang , Tu Ruiqin , Lu Weihong
Published: September 2023

A GSH-responsive Cu(ii)-coordinated anti-angiogenic nanodrug was developed by the metal-coordination-driven assembly of an anti-angiogenic drug and photosensitizer for synergistic chemo-phototherapy with GSH depletion.
Sc(OTf)3 catalyzed intramolecular single-electron transfer of 2-alkyl-1,4-benzoquinones: synthesis of 6-chromanols from donor–acceptor cyclopropanes
Authors: Wang Yi-Lin , Lei Xin-Xin , Jin Xin-Chen , Zhang Xin-Yu , Xu Peng-Fei , Luo Yong-Chun
Published: September 2023

A Sc(OTf)3 catalyzed intramolecular cyclization reaction of 2-alkyl-1,4-benzoquinone derived from D–A cyclopropane was discovered.
Construction of MoO2/MoS2 heterojunctions on carbon nanotubes as high-efficiency electrocatalysts for H2 production
Authors: Ren Xianpei , Li Qiang , Ling Fang , Hu Qiwei , Pang Liuqing
Published: September 2023

MoO2/MoS2 heterojunction was prepared on carbon nanotubes via an evaporation crystallization combined with hydrogen thermal reduction method and exhibited excellent catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction.
The γ → β phase-transition behavior of polyvinylidene fluoride under uniaxial drawing
Authors: Feng Mengting , Wan Ruru , Hu Jian , Li Huihui , Wang Shaojuan , Yan Shouke , Sun Xiaoli
Published: September 2023

β polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has aroused heated discussion in recent years due to its use in piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials.
Cocrystallization of multi-kinase inhibitor pazopanib with fenamic acids: improving dissolution and inhibiting cell migration
Authors: Rai Sunil K. , Gunnam Anilkumar , Roy Debopriya , Rajput Raveena , Kulkarni Kiran , Nangia Ashwini K.
Published: September 2023

Multi-drug crystalline salts of pazopanib with fenamic acids exhibit enhanced dissolution and 20% higher inhibition in the migration of HUVEC cells compared to the reference drug.
Anisotropic magnetoresistance and electronic features of the candidate topological compound praseodymium monobismuthide
Authors: Tang F. , Chen Y. , Ge X.-L. , Meng W.-Z. , Han Z.-D. , Qian B. , Zhao W. , Jiang X.-F. , Fang Y. , Ju S.
Published: September 2023

PrBi shows extreme and anisotropic magnetoresistance as well as nontrivial electronic band structures with a nodal-line-shaped surface state at the X̄ point.
In situ synthesis of gold nanoclusters in hydrogels for the capillary based portable fluorescence analysis of hypochlorite in environmental samples
Authors: Peng Cui Zheng , Zhang Hang , Pi Ningning , Li Xinyu , Yang Qingling , Zou Hao Lin , Luo Hong Qun , Li Nian Bing , Li Bang Lin
Published: September 2023

The incubation of agarose hydrogels embedded with BSA and chloroauric acid in alkali solutions facilitates the in situ growth of gold nanoclusters in capillary microcontainers, enabling the portable detection of ClO− with fluorescent responses.
Highly recyclable and stable CdS-alginate hydrogel beads towards prevention of oxidative release of nanoparticles in complete photocatalytic disinfection of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli
Authors: Mukherjee Arkadeep , Das Sankar , Ahn Young-Ho
Published: September 2023

Alginate hydrogel encapsulated CdS nanorods demonstrated effective photocatalytic disinfection of multi drug-resistant E. coli, with high stability, low nanoparticle leakage, and efficient reuse potential.
Molecular transformation and metabolic insights of microbial electrolysis treatment and valorization of post-hydrothermal liquefaction wastewater
Authors: Jiang Jinyue , Lopez-Ruiz Juan A. , Leininger Aaron , Du Lin , Yan Yuqing , May Harold D. , Ren Zhiyong Jason
Published: September 2023

Microbial electrochemical cells can effectively treat post-hydrothermal liquefaction wastewater with the synergistic metabolism of fermentative bacteria and electroactive bacteria while producing H2 for biocrude upgrading.
Site-specific catalysis on a micro-catalytic chip by synergistic silencing of site-directing electronic effects of functional groups in aromatics
Authors: Sen Rakesh , Das Kousik , Ghosh Subhrokoli , Ranjan Anand Dev , Manna Khokan , Banerjee Ayan , Roy Soumyajit
Published: September 2023

We report a light-driven interface engineering of a microcatalytic chip comprising a PV3W9O40type component, MWCNTs and polypyrrole that enables unusual facileparanitration with high selectivity (95%).
Cold- and hot-casting to regulate the morphology and charge carrier dynamics of CsBi3I10 towards efficient and stable thin-film solar cells
Authors: Wu Xuejiao , Dong Peiyao , Yang Li , Zhang Jinbao
Published: September 2023

Hot-casting and cold-casting technologies are proposed in the fabrication process of CsBi3I10 (CBI). Cold-casting accelerates the crystallization rates, improves the CBI film quality and enhances the device efficiency and stability.
Novel synthesis of polyaniline/tellurium (PANI/Te) nanocomposite and its EMI shielding behavior
Authors: Yadav Alok Kumar , Mohammad Naeem , Khanna Pawan K.
Published: September 2023

The synthesized PANI/Te nanocomposite was loaded into PVA for the investigation of EMI shielding behaviour in the X-band.
Connecting metal–organic cages (MOCs) for CO2 remediation
Authors: Martí-Rujas Javier
Published: September 2023

The connection of metal organic cages (MOCs) via coordination driven bonds, covalent bonds or mechanical bonds yields functional materials at the interface between solid and liquid states with potential applications in CO2 remediation.
Evaluating the CO2 capture performance of a “phase-change” metal–organic framework in a pressure-vacuum swing adsorption process
Authors: Danaci David , Pulidori Elena , Bernazzani Luca , Petit Camille , Taddei Marco
Published: September 2023

The potential of the “phase change” F4_MIL-140A(Ce) metal–organic framework adsorbent in a four-stage pressure-vacuum swing adsorption CO2 capture process was evaluated via process modelling and compared to other benchmark adsorbents.
Tailor-made β-ketoenamine-linked covalent organic polymer nanofilms for precise molecular sieving
Authors: Guo Hukang , Fang Chuanjie , Li Fupeng , Cui Wenshou , Xiong Ruiyan , Yang Xing , Zhu Liping
Published: September 2023

The β-ketoenamine-linked covalent organic polymer nanofilms with tailor-made thickness and pore structures exhibit precise molecular separation in organic solvents.
Novel bayberry-like functional separator coating as a physicochemical polysulfide barrier for advanced lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Kannan Sreekala Kunhi , Joseph Jithu , Joseph Mary Gladis
Published: September 2023

Polysulfide confinement mechanism in the ZSC cell.
High surface activity of Fe-doped NiCoP for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhu Shifan , Xu Yixue , Li Dong , Song Lili , Wang Yuqiao
Published: September 2023

Fe-doped NiCoP demonstrates high catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution due to the regulation of the hydrogen adsorption energy and Gibbs free energy of hydrogen adsorption.
Heterostructured 2D material-based electro-/photo-catalysts for water splitting
Authors: Heo Eunseo , Lee Seungmin , Yoon Hyeonseok
Published: September 2023

An overview of recent advances in 2D materials-based electrocatalysts with hetero-layered structures is provided, along with research examples to demonstrate their versatility.
Structural evolution from disordered to fibrous assembly via a dual visual dissipative pathway
Authors: Wang Kui , Meng Xin , Zhang Xue-Jiao
Published: September 2023

The structural evolution from disordered to fibrous assembly based on a calixpyridinium–indigo carmine system via a dual visual dissipative pathway with an alkali as the fuel was achieved.
Improving the optoelectronic properties of blue hybridized local and charge-transfer emitters via rational utilization of intramolecular hydrogen bonds
Authors: Liu Xinyong , Ma Chenglin , Qiu Xu , Li Jingwei , Zhou Jiadong , Xue Shanfeng
Published: September 2023

Two blue HLCT emitters, mP9PCZ and mPmPCZ, have been constructed with pyridinyl as a π-bridge which can endow them with intramolecular hydrogen bond (IHB) interactions, beneficial for obtaining high ΦPLs and balanced bipolar carrier mobilities.
Kinetic resolution of heterobiaryl N-oxides by asymmetric C–H olefination: an expeditious access to (R)-QUINAP
Authors: Zhang Qi-Ying , Wang Hai-Yang , Wang Songlin , Ma Jing , Guo Hai-Ming
Published: September 2023

A highly efficient kinetic resolution of heterobiaryl N-oxides through asymmetric C–H olefination was realized to provide two types of 1-arylisoquinoline N-oxides with excellent enantioselectivity (up to 97% ee and 99% ee, respectively).
Metal-enhanced fluorescence through conventional Ag-polyethylene glycol nanoparticles for cellular imaging
Authors: Chen Chih-Jung , Wu Chun-Yen , Wu Chi-Wei , Chang Ching-Wen , Huang Tsung-Tao , Shiao Ming-Hua , Lin Chu-Kuei , Chen Yu-Chun , Lin Yung-Sheng
Published: September 2023

Conventional Ag material was applied to enhance fluorescent cellular images via metal-enhanced fluorescence of Ag-PEG nanoparticles.
Design, preparation, and combustion performance of energetic catalysts based on transition metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Fe2+) and 3-aminofurazan-4-carboxylic acid
Authors: Liu Wei , Xu Yuangang , Zhang Yulong , Zheng Hanyue , Gou Xiaodong , Xiao Fei
Published: September 2023

Three energetic catalysts are designed and synthesized based on the coordination reaction of transition metal ions and an energetic ligand, which show considerable prospects in improving the combustion and energy performance of solid propellants.
A high-field cellular DNP-supported solid-state NMR approach to study proteins with sub-cellular specificity
Authors: Beriashvili David , Yao Ru , D'Amico Francesca , Krafčíková Michaela , Gurinov Andrei , Safeer Adil , Cai Xinyi , Mulder Monique P. C. , Liu Yangping , Folkers Gert E. , Baldus Marc
Published: September 2023

We show that the polarising agent SNAPol-1 enters human cells yielding 800 MHz DNP solid-state NMR data of remarkable sensitivity & resolution thereby revealing structural heterogeneity of ubiquitin at atomic scale and with sub-cellular specificity.
Endogenous and exogenous wireless multimodal light-emitting chemical devices
Authors: Liu Miaoxia , Salinas Gerardo , Yu Jing , Cornet Antoine , Li Haidong , Kuhn Alexander , Sojic Neso
Published: September 2023

In our work, we developed several wireless multimodal light-emitting chemical devices by coupling two light sources based on different physical principles, ECL and LED, and powered by exogenous and endogenous bipolar electrochemistry.
Single-oxygen linear ether (SOLE) based electrolytes for fast-charging and low-temperature Li-ion batteries
Authors: Li Zongjian , Liu Jing , Bi Xinying , Qin Yunan , Gao Tao
Published: September 2023

A series of electrolytes based on single-oxygen linear ether (SOLE) open up new avenues for designing novel LIB (Lithium-Ion Battery) electrolytes with improved charging and low-temperature performance.
An organic/inorganic coating strategy that greatly enhanced sensing performances and reliability of all-fabric piezoresistive sensors
Authors: Tian Guangliang , Xu Kangli , Huang Yaoli , You Xinxin , Yu Wenhua , Liu Honggang , Li Juan , Liu Jiawei , Jin Xiangyu , Li Haoxuan , Ke Qinfei , Huang Chen
Published: September 2023

An all-fabric piezoresistive sensor with excellent sensing performances and reliability is fabricated based on conductive organic/inorganic mixture and 3D nonwoven. Smart clothing integrated with sensors can be applied for monitoring human motions.
GSH-activatable camptothecin prodrug-loaded gold nanostars coated with hyaluronic acid for targeted breast cancer therapy via multiple radiosensitization strategies
Authors: Hou Yingke , Sun Bin , Li Rongtian , Meng Wei , Zhang Wenhua , Jia Nuan , Chen Ming , Chen Jinxiang , Tang Xiaoyan
Published: September 2023

The nanoplatform of ASH was constructed for synergetic chemotherapy/photothermal/radiation therapy to stimulate the immunogenic cell death process for breast cancer treatment.
High efficiency flexible PEDOT:PSS/silicon hybrid heterojunction solar cells by employing simple chemical approaches
Authors: Sharma Deepak , Srivastava Avritti , Tawale Jai S. , Prathap Pathi , Srivastava Sanjay K.
Published: September 2023

Efficient flexible hybrid solar cells with basic device architecture are demonstrated using the low-cost Si wafers via simple chemical approaches, and may lead to the next-generation flexible optoelectronic applications with 4-fold reduced Si usage.
Dysphonia Outperforms Voice Change as a Clinical Predictor of Dysphagia
Authors: Griffin Lindsay , Kamarunas Erin , Smith Julian Bergen , Kuo Christina , O'Donoghue Cynthia
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

Changes in voice quality after consuming food or drink have been used as a clinical indicator of dysphagia during the clinical swallowing evaluation (CSE); however, there is conflicting evidence of its efficacy. This study investigated if dysphonia and/or voice change after swallowing are valid predictors of penetration, aspiration, or pharyngeal residue. Our approach aimed to improve current methodologies by collecting voice samples in the fluoroscopy suite, implementing rater training to improve interrater reliability and utilizing continuous measurement scales, allowing for regression analyses.

Method:

In this prospective study, 30 adults (aged 49–97 years) referred for a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) were audio-recorded completing a sustained /i/ prior to VFSS and again after swallowing each bolus during the VFSS. Swallowing function was measured using the reorganized Penetration–Aspiration Scale and the Normalized Residue Ratio Scale. Following listener training, 84 voice samples were perceptually rated using the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V). Ordinal and logistic regression were used to determine whether voice quality and voice quality change after swallowing were predictors of airway invasion and pharyngeal clearance.

Results:

Results indicated that the presence of dysphonia at baseline during a sustained /i/ task as measured by the CAPE-V predicted airway invasion but not pharyngeal residue. Voice change after swallowing associated with vowel /i/ production as measured by the CAPE-V did not predict either dysphagia measure.

Conclusion:

These results indicate that voice change during a sustained /i/ after swallowing appears unrelated to airway invasion or pharyngeal residue; however, in the absence of known laryngeal pathology, dysphonia prior to a CSE should alert speech-language pathologists of a possible comorbid dysphagia.
Perspectives and Experiences of Eight Latina Mothers of Young Children With Augmentative and Alternative Communication Needs
Authors: De Leon Maria , Solomon-Rice Patti , Soto Gloria
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of eight Latina mothers on early augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) services for their young children, including their decision-making process, and knowledge of AAC. The ultimate goal is to help professionals develop culturally responsive and family-centered education and training programs to facilitate AAC intervention for Latinx parents with young children who benefit from AAC.

Method:

The method involved in-person semistructured interviews conducted in Spanish at the mothers' homes or preferred locations, which were then video-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and translated to English. Transcripts were analyzed through a process consisting of coding, identifying themes, constructing thematic networks, summarizing thematic networks, and interpreting patterns.

Results:

Mothers' perceptions of early intervention services revealed a lack of knowledge about AAC, unquestioned acceptance of early intervention services, and gratitude for receiving these services. They also reported having received minimal training in AAC and expressed a desire to receive additional training. The decision-making process was matriarchal with professionals serving as the primary informants of services to be received.

Discussion:

This investigation adds to the existing literature by providing insight into Latinx parental perceptions of AAC, their decision-making process, and the types of training they prefer. The study highlights the importance of providing Latina mothers with meaningful opportunities to participate in the early intervention process related to the communication and language needs of their children. To establish trust, professionals should communicate clearly, accurately, and straightforwardly. Additionally, a family-centered approach rooted in the language and culture is crucial. Professionals can achieve this by providing culturally and linguistically accessible training, learning about the family's specific values and beliefs regarding AAC, and facilitating their learning so that AAC is achievable and practical.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24059043
Structure of the accretion flow of IX Velorum as revealed by high-resolution spectroscopy
Authors: Kára J. , Schmidtobreick L. , Pala A. F. , Tappert C.
Published: September 2023

Context. Several high mass-transfer cataclysmic variables show evidence of outflow from the system, which could play an important role in their evolution. We investigate the system IX Vel, which was proposed to show similar characteristics.

Aims. We study the structure of the IX Vel system, particularly the structure of its accretion flow and accretion disc.

Methods. We used high-resolution time-resolved spectroscopy to construct radial velocity curves of the components in IX Vel. We computed Doppler maps of the system, which we used to estimate the temperature distribution maps.

Results. We have improved the spectroscopic ephemeris of the system and its orbital period Porb = 0.19392793(3) d. We constructed Doppler maps of the system based on hydrogen and helium emission lines and the Bowen blend. The maps show features corresponding to the irradiated face of the secondary star, the outer rim of the accretion disc, and low-velocity components located outside the accretion disc and reaching towards L3. We constructed a temperature distribution map of the system using the Doppler maps of Balmer lines. Apart from the features found in the Doppler maps, the temperature distribution map shows a region of high temperature in the accretion disc connecting the expected position of a bright spot and the inner parts of the disc.

Conclusions. We interpret the low-velocity emission found in the Doppler map as emission originating in the accretion disc wind and in an outflow region located in the vicinity of the third Lagrangian point L3. This makes IX Vel a member of the RW Sex class of cataclysmic variables.
Ambient dose simulation of the ProtherWal proton therapy centre radioactive shielding decay using BDSIM and FISPACT-II
Authors: Ramoisiaux Eliott , Hernalsteens Cédric , Tesse Robin , Gnacadja Eustache , Pauly Nicolas , Stichelbaut Frédéric
Published: September 2023

Next-generation proton therapy centres couple treatment and research programs, leading to higher beam currents and longer irradiation times than in clinical conditions. Large fluxes of energetic secondary particles are produced and long- and short-term radioactive nuclides are generated in the concrete shielding of the cyclotron vault. While the overall long-term activation of the centre is well known from the shielding design activation studies, the short-term activation peaks are still of importance when radiation protection studies are involved. The centre shielding design was validated using the BDSIM/FISPACT-II methodology combining particle tracking and Monte Carlo particle-matter interactions simulations using Beam Delivery Simulation (BDSIM) and the computation of the activation using FISPACT-II. We establish, as the next stage of our methodology, the simulation of the decay radiation of the activated concrete shielding and the accurate scoring of the related radiation protection quantities. A single BDSIM simulation per radioactive nuclide is performed based on the nuclide concentration obtained from the prior FISPACT-II activation computations at the start of a given cooling period. The evolution of the radiation protection quantities is obtained by scaling the results with the nuclides activity obtained at later times from fast FISPACT-II computations. We show the evolution of the ambient dose equivalent in the centre vault when considering regular concrete and Low Activation Concrete (LAC) as shielding material to demonstrate the efficiency of LAC mix in mitigating the shielding activation.
Wearable and long-range MXene 5G antenna energy harvester
Authors: Gao Mingyuan , Wang Bowen , Yao Ye , Taheri Mahdiar , Wang Ping , Chu Dewei , Lu Yuerui
Published: September 2023

Wireless and long-range energy transmission is an essential technology in the era of the Internet of Things, and currently it still relies on rigid and bulky metal antennas, which is incompatible with future wearable electronics. Here, we report a wearable and long-range MXene (Ti3C2Tx) 5G antenna energy harvester system that functions reliably as a wireless and battery-free power source for uninterrupted sensing and wireless data transmission. The MXene 5G antenna can efficiently harvest radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic energy at a 5G frequency range 1 band of 915 MHz, under a minimum input RF power density of 0.005 mW·cm−2, about 16 times lower than the threshold value for a control copper antenna. The device shows good mechanical bendability as it keeps over 99% power transfer efficiency at a bending angle of 90°. Our results open a new route for developing next-generation wireless powering for wearable electronics.
Calibration of the axial stiffness of a single-beam acoustic tweezers
Authors: Vincent Sarah , Challande Pascal , Marchiano Régis
Published: September 2023

Single-beam acoustic tweezers have recently been demonstrated to be capable of selective three-dimensional trapping. This new contactless manipulation modality has great potential for many scientific applications. Its development as a scientific tool requires precise calibration of its radiation force, specifically its axial component. The lack of calibration for this force is mainly due to its weak magnitude compared to competing effects such as weight. We investigate an experimental method for the calibration of the axial stiffness of the radiation force by observing the axial oscillations of a trapped bead in a microgravity environment. The stiffness exhibits a linear relationship with the acoustic intensity and is of the mN/m order. Then, a predictive model, loaded with the experimental acoustic field, is compared to the measured stiffness with very good agreement, within a single amplitude coefficient. This study paves the way for the development of calibrated acoustic tweezers.
Deep learning-enhanced single-molecule spectrum imaging
Authors: Sha Hao , Li Haoyang , Zhang Yongbing , Hou Shangguo
Published: September 2023

Fluorescence is widely used in biological imaging and biosensing. Rich information can be revealed from the fluorescence spectrum of fluorescent molecules, such as pH, viscosity and polarity of the molecule’s environment, and distance between two FRET molecules. However, constructing the fluorescence spectrum of a single fluorescent molecule typically requires a significant number of photons, which can suffer from photobleaching and, therefore, limit its potential applications. Here, we propose a deep learning-enhanced single-molecule spectrum imaging method (SpecGAN) for improving the single-molecule spectrum imaging efficiency. In SpecGAN, the photon flux required to extract a single-molecule fluorescence spectrum can be reduced by 100 times, which enables two orders of magnitude higher temporal resolution compared to the conventional single-molecule spectrometer. The concept of SpecGAN was validated through numerical simulation and single Nile Red molecule spectrum imaging on support lipid bilayers (SLBs). With SpecGAN, the super-resolution spectrum image of the COS-7 membrane can be reconstructed with merely 12 000 frames of single-molecule localization images, which is almost half of the previously reported frame count for spectrally resolved super-resolution imaging. The low photon flux requirement and high temporal resolution of SpecGAN make it a promising tool for investigating the molecular spectrum dynamics related to biological functions or biomolecule interactions.
Direct observation of 890 ns dynamics of carbon black and polybutadiene in rubber materials using diffracted x-ray blinking
Authors: Kuramochi Masahiro , Kirkwood Henry J. , Koliyadu Jayanath C. P. , Letrun Romain , de Wijn Raphael , Kim Chan , Masui Tomomi , Mio Kazuhiro , Arai Tatsuya , Sekiguchi Hiroshi , Kishimoto Hiroyuki , Mancuso Adrian P. , Sato Tokushi , Sasaki Yuji C.
Published: September 2023

Dynamic behavior in soft matter physics, biology, and nanoscience frequently occurs on submicrosecond timescales. Diffracted x-ray blinking (DXB) is a unique method that can provide a broad range of spatial scale information and is becoming an attractive tool for use at high repetition rate x-ray facilities. In this study, we performed DXB experiments with 890 ns time resolution at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility to obtain dynamic information about rubber samples that are typically used in automobile tires. Time-resolved scattering was simultaneously recorded for two samples that mainly consisted of carbon black (CB) and polybutadiene (PB). These samples contained either graphitized or non-graphitized CB and displayed significantly different dynamics. A clear interaction between CB and PB was observed, indicating that the mobility of PB was changed by the introduction of CB. Restricted polymer motion was observed in the q-range of 0.78–1.58 Å−1 regions. Our results suggest that the particle network can be flexibly controlled without impairing the mechanical strength of the rubber.
A minimal model of peripheral clocks reveals differential circadian re-entrainment in aging
Authors: Huang Yitong , Zhang Yuanzhao , Braun Rosemary
Published: September 2023

The mammalian circadian system comprises a network of endogenous oscillators, spanning from the central clock in the brain to peripheral clocks in other organs. These clocks are tightly coordinated to orchestrate rhythmic physiological and behavioral functions. Dysregulation of these rhythms is a hallmark of aging, yet it remains unclear how age-related changes lead to more easily disrupted circadian rhythms. Using a two-population model of coupled oscillators that integrates the central clock and the peripheral clocks, we derive simple mean-field equations that can capture many aspects of the rich behavior found in the mammalian circadian system. We focus on three age-associated effects that have been posited to contribute to circadian misalignment: attenuated input from the sympathetic pathway, reduced responsiveness to light, and a decline in the expression of neurotransmitters. We find that the first two factors can significantly impede re-entrainment of the clocks following perturbation, while a weaker coupling within the central clock does not affect the recovery rate. Moreover, using our minimal model, we demonstrate the potential of using the feed–fast cycle as an effective intervention to accelerate circadian re-entrainment. These results highlight the importance of peripheral clocks in regulating the circadian rhythm and provide fresh insights into the complex interplay between aging and the resilience of the circadian system.
Interlayer antiferromagnetic coupling in Tb3Fe5O12/Y3Fe5O12 bilayers
Authors: Liang Jing Ming , Zhao Xu Wen , Yuan Xin , Liu Yu Kuai , Ng Sheung Mei , Wong Hon Fai , Li Pei Gen , Zhou Yan , Zhang Fu Xiang , Mak Chee Leung , Leung Chi Wah
Published: September 2023

The interlayer antiferromagnetic (AFM) coupling between thin films plays a significant role in the application of spintronics and magnetic memory devices. Previously, we observed AFM coupling phenomenon at low temperatures in rare-earth iron garnet bilayers epitaxially grown on Y3Al5O12 substrates. Here, we report a detailed study on the impacts of various factors, including temperature, crystallographic orientation, and layer thickness, on the AMF coupling and magnetization reversal behavior of such a bilayer system. A simple energy model qualitatively described the coupling behavior of the two layers during the magnetization reversal process. The interlayer coupling strength was calculated by measuring the minor magnetic hysteresis loops. The current results can serve as a reminder for future research on interlayer AFM coupling phenomena and highlight the potential of manipulating the magnetic properties in rare-earth garnet bilayers for spintronics studies and other applications.
Structural transformations in Cu, Ag, and Au metal nanoclusters
Authors: Settem Manoj , Roncaglia Cesare , Ferrando Riccardo , Giacomello Alberto
Published: September 2023

Finite-temperature structures of Cu, Ag, and Au metal nanoclusters are calculated in the entire temperature range from 0 K to melting using a computational methodology that we proposed recently [M. Settem et al., Nanoscale 14, 939 (2022)]. In this method, Harmonic Superposition Approximation (HSA) and Parallel Tempering Molecular Dynamics (PTMD) are combined in a complementary manner. HSA is accurate at low temperatures and fails at higher temperatures. PTMD, on the other hand, effectively samples the high temperature region and melts. This method is used to study the size- and system-dependent competition between various structural motifs of Cu, Ag, and Au nanoclusters in the size range 1–2 nm. Results show that there are mainly three types of structural changes in metal nanoclusters, depending on whether a solid–solid transformation occurs. In the first type, the global minimum is the dominant motif in the entire temperature range. In contrast, when a solid–solid transformation occurs, the global minimum transforms either completely to a different motif or partially, resulting in the co-existence of multiple motifs. Finally, nanocluster structures are analyzed to highlight the system-specific differences across the three metals.
Characterization of the viscoelastic properties of in vitro crystalline lens samples using ultrasound elastography
Authors: Ganeau A. , Lafond M. , Legrand F. , Laloy-Borgna G. , Ben Moussa O. , Poinard S. , Mascarelli F. , Thuret G. , Gain P. , Lafon C. , Catheline S.
Published: September 2023

With aging, the stiffening of the crystalline lens [K. R. Heys et al., Mol. Vision 10, 956 (2004); R. F. Fisher, J. Physiol. 212(1), 147–180 (1971)] can hinder accommodation and reduce near-vision in more than 75% of individuals above 40 year old [T. R. Fricke et al., Ophthalmology 125(10), 1492–1499 (2018)], an impairment known as presbyopia. Mapping lens elasticity using shear wave elastography holds significant promise for monitoring potential treatments for presbyopia. However, because of the transparency of the lens to ultrasound, the tracking of waves can be performed only on its boundaries. The goal of this study is to characterize the viscoelastic properties of in vitro crystalline lens samples with a curvilinear harmonic method based on noise correlation algorithms. This procedure consists of precise measurements of the dispersion of surface waves across a large frequency range (0.1–3.5 kHz), thus allowing for clear identification of the wave properties needed to correctly estimate the elasticity. The proposed method was applied to gelatin phantoms and excised porcine lens samples. This enabled the observation of two regions in the dispersion curves: a sharp decrease in dispersion at low frequencies (<1 kHz), which was partly due to guided waves, and a smoother slope at high frequencies (>1 kHz), which was attributed to viscoelastic dispersion. In contrast to previous studies, shear elasticity and viscosity moduli were computed at higher frequencies with a Kelvin–Voigt model. If our approach confirms the shear viscosity of lenses, then the shear elastic moduli of lenses are almost an order of magnitude greater than the results of previous studies.
Orthotropic metamaterials with freely tailorable elastic constants
Authors: Ke Jiang
Published: September 2023

To control mechanical waves and structural vibrations, an important method is to design metamaterials with tailored elastic constants, but it is very difficult. In this paper, a simple and universal metamaterial design method is proposed. This orthotropic metamaterial is composed of elements arrayed periodically in space. The element includes two cuboid structures. The first structure is the basic structure of the element, and the second structure is the transformation of the first structure of the element. The first structure of the element is a cuboid structure composed of 24 bars connected by 8 nodes, and the second structure of the element is a cuboid structure composed of 36 bars connected by 14 nodes. This metamaterial has six independent elastic constants, so there is a large degree of freedom in the material design. Therefore, it has great application value in the fields of mechanical metamaterials, elastic wave metamaterials, acoustic metamaterials, and seismic metamaterials, and has also laid the foundation for realizing the dream of controlling mechanical waves and structural vibrations.
Terahertz metamaterials for broadband, high modulation depth modulator, and tunable dual-band absorber based on metal-vanadium dioxide hybrid structure
Authors: Liu Chenxi , Xu Yanlin , Huang Ruiqi , Zha Song
Published: September 2023

Terahertz metamaterials for broadband, high modulation depth modulating, and tunable dual-band absorbing are designed based on the similar composite structure of metal and vanadium dioxide film arrays. By using external excitation to induce the insulator-metal phase transition of the vanadium dioxide layer, the transmission characteristics of the metamaterial can be manipulated. High modulation depths of more than 80% are achieved in the range of 0.2–0.8 THz, and the bandwidth width with modulation depths exceeding 60% is up to 140%. By increasing the dielectric thickness and adding a metal ground, the initial broadband modulator can be switched to a dual-band absorber when the vanadium dioxide is in the metal phase. Furthermore, the modulation effect and the absorption performance exhibit insensitive characteristics to the polarization angle of incident waves. This work provides potential applications in broadband modulation of terahertz communication as well as dual-band absorption for terahertz detection.
Particle size and its distribution deduced from magnetic properties of magnetite nanoparticles by the modified Langevin equation
Authors: Saragi Togar , Widyaiswari Utami , Manalu Darling Josua , Adiperdana Budi , Risdiana Risdiana , Adachi Tadashi
Published: September 2023

The magnetic hysteresis curve can provide information about magnetic properties, particle size, and its distribution. For superparamagnetic materials, the characteristics of the hysteresis curve are very typical, that is, Hc is equal to zero with a certain Ms value related to particle size in the order of nanometers. Here, we report the analysis of the magnetization hysteresis curve by applying a modified Langevin equation with and without a log-normal distribution for nearly superparamagnetic Fe3O4 and Fe3O4 encapsulated by SiO2 (Fe3O4–SiO2). To study the reliability of the modified Langevin equation, we compared the particle size values obtained from fittings analysis of the modified Langevin equation with those obtained from the TEM measurement. It was found that particle size from TEM measurement for Fe3O4 and Fe3O4–SiO2 is 11 and 14 nm, respectively. These values had a very high match with the particle size obtained from fitting analysis of the modified Langevin equation with or without a log-normal distribution, which is 12.6 and 12.9 nm for Fe3O4 and 13.8 and 14.5 nm for Fe3O4–SiO2, respectively. The fitting results of the modified Langevin equation with a log-normal distribution showed a value closer to the measurement results. By using the modified Langevin equation with a log-normal distribution, it was also obtained that the probability density function for Fe3O4 was 20.69% and that for Fe3O4–SiO2 was 0.55%. It was concluded that the modified Langevin equation with and without log-normal distribution was able to be used to obtain the particle size and its distribution for nearly superparamagnetic samples.
New scaling law for turbulent boundary layers with high surface mass transfer
Authors: Zangeneh Rozie , DesJardin Paul E. , Chen James
Published: September 2023

A fundamental understanding of the phenomena occurring in the turbulent boundary layer in the presence of surface blowing is limited, and considerable disagreements persist even in describing primary quantities, such as the boundary layer profile. The theories based on the linear boundary layer equations show that the thickness of the sublayer increases in the presence of surface blowing; therefore, the viscous sublayer and law of the wall modify. In this study, direct numerical simulations (DNS) of turbulent boundary layers with uniform surface mass transfers are carried out in order to scale the velocity profile. Emphasis is placed on moderate to high mass transfer rates, which are relevant to the most common hybrid rockets configuration. DNS data are used to establish a functional law of the wall and a law of wake by means of the relation between the wall shear stress and surface mass transfer. Analysis of the mean kinetic energy budget shows that the magnitude of turbulent kinetic energy increases by surface mass transfer, and the production rate extends significantly in the inner layer as the injection rate increases. DNS data of various surface blowing are used to complete the closure of turbulence kinetic energy equation and develop an eddy viscosity model. The predicted turbulent kinetic energy and eddy viscosity agree with DNS data for moderate to high blowing rates.
Conditions of effective medium theory in calculating Casimir force between hyperbolic metamaterials
Authors: Hu Yang , Wu Xiaohu , Ge Lixin , Huang Xiuquan
Published: September 2023

Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) are artificial subwavelength-structured media that exhibit excellent hyperbolic properties. The Casimir force for HMMs can be predicted by effective medium theory (EMT), which simplifies the calculations considerably. However, the conditions of EMT in the Casimir force between HMMs have not been investigated. In this work, we compare the exact results of the Casimir force calculated by the transfer matrix method (TMM) with those from EMT. The numerical results suggest that EMT can accurately calculate the Casimir force only when the gap distance is 100 times larger than the period of a unit cell. When the gap distance and period of unit cell values are comparable, EMT is not suitable for TMM, and the main error occurs in the hyperbolic band. Furthermore, the effect of the filling ratio on the applicable conditions of EMT is also studied. This work demonstrates the conditions of EMT in calculating the Casimir force between HMMs and provides help for the development of micro- and nanoelectromechanical systems.