bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Projecting yourself
Authors: Anderson Philippa
Published: May 2014

Interactive whiteboards may be on every teacher's wishlist, but some people are getting great results using a projector. Philippa Anderson explains
That'
Authors: Morgan Tim
Published: May 2014

‘My admiration for our current teaching profession is unbounded. Fettered by unprecedented bureaucracy, government jargon, and lost discipline, they soldier on in a culture, which is so much more difficult than was the case in my own teaching days.’ T
Secrets to success
Authors: Sullivan Karen
Published: May 2014

Every headteacher will have their own formula for succeeding at the top. Karen Sullivan passes on a few of the secrets
Breaking down walls
Authors: Hall Adrian
Published: May 2014

Teachers are increasingly looking at how mobile technology can influence the classroom. Adrian Hall from Steljes looks at how it can be used to bring about changes to pedagogy and improved learning outcomes
From the outside in
Authors: Walker Leila
Published: May 2014

Leila Walker, a senior researcher at education charity Futurelab, explores how your school can benefit from young people's informal use of digital technology
Meeting the assessment challenge
Authors: Wright David
Published: May 2014

Chief of the Chartered Institute of Educational Assessors, David Wright, discusses the ever-changing assessment challenges in our schools, and the work his Institute is doing to develop the new role of Chartered Educational Assessor
Thinking two steps ahead
Authors: Adams Margaret
Published: May 2014

How far ahead can you plan your career? Margaret Adams asks the question
Controlling your future
Authors: Abbott David
Published: May 2014

Your career development is in your hands says former teacher David Abbott. Don't let it slip!
Asian inspiration
Authors: Frederick Kenny
Published: May 2014

London head Kenny Frederick has recently returned from her latest visit to Bangladesh where she was surprised to find some inspiring and innovative practice
A precious resource
Authors: Keates Chris
Published: May 2014

The NASUWT's Chris Keates, a regular writer for SecEd, pays tribute to the professionalism of this year's NQTs and urges them to ensure that they are getting all of their statutory rights
Making the right choices
Authors: Adams Margaret
Published: May 2014

Are you making the best decisions about your CPD? Margaret Adams offers some advice
All my own work?
Authors: Foster Colin
Published: May 2014

Colin Foster wonders why it is such a problem when learners are accused of ‘borrowing’ if teachers are doing it all the time?
Teenage depression
Authors: Thornton Stephanie
Published: May 2014

How big a problem is depression in the teenage years? Stephanie Thornton discusses
Schools are not made to measure
Authors: Kent Peter
Published: May 2014

Headteacher Dr Peter Kent says that the time has come for leaders to make the case that there is more to a school than a string of examination results or a barrage of value-added data
Thank you for the music
Authors: Farn Jenny
Published: May 2014

Head of music Jenny Farn explains all about NUMU, a music-sharing website that has revolutionised her lessons
The ploughman poet
Authors: Woods Alex
Published: May 2014

Sunday sees the 250th anniversary of the birth of Robert Burns. Alex Wood argues that Burns deserves to be taught wherever the English language and fine poetry are revered
A scientific approach
Authors: Rose Julie
Published: May 2014

Headteacher Julie Rose argues that schools must invest in multiple strategies to engage students with science, with ICT having a crucial role to play
Life after exclusion
Authors: Holder Julia
Published: May 2014

Haybrook College is described by Ofsted as a school that changes lives. Julia Holder, head of the college's virtual school, explains how online learning has helped many of its students to continue their education
Being assertive
Authors: Struthers Dot
Published: May 2014

CPD coach Dorothy Struthers writes regularly for SecEd's CPD pages. Here she puts her NQT hat on and offers advice on that most difficult of skills – being assertive
A culture of creativity
Authors: Collard Paul
Published: May 2014

Paul Collard from Creativity, Culture and Education, looks at the Creative Partnerships programme and how it can support excellent teaching
Respect and wellbeing
Authors: Waller Edward
Published: May 2014

Edward Waller from UNICEF UK explains their Rights Respecting Schools programme, including cases studies of the scheme in action
Life beyond the school gates
Authors: Leonard Ilana
Published: May 2014

Knife crime has dominated recent news headlines, but what do our teenagers actually think? Ilana Leonard, a student herself, talks to one schoolboy about his experiences of being aged 14 in London
Don't conform – transform!
Authors: Powell Andy
Published: May 2014

Andy Powell from the education foundation Edge introduces its Six Steps to Change manifesto, calling for a transformation of our education system
Schools within a school
Authors: Davies Mark
Published: May 2014

The new cross-phase Bridge Learning Campus in south Bristol uses cutting-edge ICT to help inspire their 1,450 students. CEO Mark Davies explains
All the world's a stage
Authors: Elkin Susan
Published: May 2014

The world of performing arts can be difficult to break into, making careers guidance in this area essential. Susan Elkin offers some advice.
Using QR codes
Authors: Solly Ben
Published: May 2014

Ben Solly looks at how one of the latest mobile phone innovations – QR Codes – could be employed in the classroom.
Sports and the Pupil Premium
Authors: Padgett Darren
Published: May 2014

When School Sport Partnerships were axed, PE teacher Darren Padgett set up a not-for-profit organisation to continue his work. Here he urges schools to consider sporting activities when deciding how to spend their Pupil Premium.
Schools on social media
Authors: Blake Dean
Published: May 2014

Dean Blake is in charge of the PR for a federation of schools in Bristol. Here he discusses the challenges and benefits of embracing social media as a way of promoting your school to the local community.
Teachers anonymous
Authors: Anguita Maria
Published: May 2014

The government has spent millions attracting high calibre graduates to teaching, yet one in every 10 new teachers abandons the profession after only one year. Maria Anguita investigates what goes wrong.
An eye on New Zealand
Authors: Puntis Ann
Published: May 2014

Some years ago, a fierce debate raged in New Zealand which pitched international examinations against its own national curriculum. Ann Puntis from University of Cambridge International Examinations explains more.
Quarrelsome and argumentative students
Authors: Rogers Bill
Published: May 2014

Dr Bill Rogers, author of two new books on student behaviour and teacher stress, discusses techniques for managing argumentative students.
Turning away from crime
Authors: Cosh Jackie
Published: May 2014

Jackie Cosh reports on a pilot mentoring project which has been run by the YMCA in Scotland to target young people at risk of crime.
Tablets and mobile apps
Authors: Davies Gareth
Published: May 2014

How can tablets help teachers to make the most of their time and what role do apps have in the classroom? Gareth Davies offers his thoughts.
How to get that teaching job
Authors: Solly Ben
Published: May 2014

The jobs market for teachers has become increasingly difficult to navigate in recent years. School leader Ben Solly offers his advice to young teachers when applying for that dream job.
Engaging parents using social media
Authors: Begg Jennifer
Published: May 2014

Continuing her series on social media for education, Jennifer Begg looks at how schools can use social networking to engage with their parents.
The ripples of history
Authors: Hirst Christopher
Published: May 2014

A poignant trip to Lithuania to investigate the impact of the Holocaust caused Chris Hirst to reflect on how we can approach this horrifying subject with year 7 pupils.
Plant toxicosis in birds: educating owners
Authors: Guindon Stephanie , Lee Justine A.
Published: May 2014

Veterinary professionals should educate bird owners on which plants may be highly poisonous as prevention of plant toxicosis is imperative. Accidental exposure by even the most well-intentioned pet owner may occur because of lack of general awareness about plants that are toxic to birds. Aggressive decontamination is the mainstay for preventing clinical toxicosis. Once poisoned, crop lavage followed by administration of activated charcoal is imperative to prevent further absorption of the toxicant by birds. Supportive and symptomatic care (in the form of nutritional support, fluid therapy, etc) is essential once clinical signs have already developed. This article reviews commonly available plants that are toxic to birds, and discusses the underlying mechanism of action of toxicosis and general treatment recommendations.
Egg yolk coelomitis in a North Island brown kiwi
Authors: Wisker Joannah
Published: May 2014

In December 2009 at Wellington Zoo a female North Island brown kiwi was diagnosed and treated for egg yolk coelomitis.

The following article will discuss how it was discovered and diagnosed, using computed topography and radiographs. Also discussed is the treatment for this condition, which involved a laparotomy to remove the yolk in the coelomic cavity. The reason this occurs will be discussed and the complications that are associated with egg yolk coelomitis.
Book Reviews
Authors: Coles Harriet
Published: May 2014

With Christmas fast approaching, here are a few new books as last minute ideas for presents.
Canine influenza: should we look out for a sneeze?
Authors: Mesquita João Rodrigo , Vala Helena , Nóbrega Cármen , Nascimento Maria São José
Published: May 2014

Influenza viruses are significant pathogens of mammals and birds but are rarely mentioned as important pathogens in dogs. Nevertheless, several viral episodes have occurred in past decade which are changing the comprehension of the influenza virus’ role in dogs. Veterinary professionals can play an important role in preventing unreasonable fears that may arise among personnel and owners, and in improving understanding as to when and where influenza infection is possible.
Mesenchymal stem cells in veterinary medicine
Authors: Webster Rebecca , Herbert Ben , Blaber Sinead , Vesey Graham
Published: May 2014

Adult mammalian tissue is now recognized as containing a regenerative population of cells known as adult stem cells. The use of these adult stem cells in veterinary medicine shows great promise and is likely to show rapid uptake in veterinary practice. This article details current commercial stem cell applications in veterinary medicine with a focus on the treatment of osteoarthritis in canines using adipose-derived stem cells and the veterinary nurse's role in this procedure.
The use of probiotics as dietary supplements in dogs
Authors: Hamlin Jennifer
Published: May 2014

Gastrointestinal microflora are non-pathogenic, naturally occurring ‘beneficial’ bacteria that reside in the gastrointestinal tract and play an important role in physiological functions including enhancing the overall health of the intestinal tract and stimulating a strong immune system. When bacterial populations diminish, their health benefits to the animal may also diminish and this can potentially result in digestive upsets. Intestinal disorders pose a significant clinical caseload in clinical practice and one way to prevent and treat these cases is to support normal digestive function with the addition of synbiotics, which are oral supplements consisting of probiotics (beneficial bacteria) and prebiotics (nondigestable carbohydrates that support the growth of beneficial bacteria).
New disciplinary procedure explained
Authors: Branscombe Liz
Published: May 2014

With the new disciplinary procedures for registered veterinary nurses (RVNs) now in place, what do RVNs and practices need to know?
Adder bite in dogs
Authors: Bates Nicola
Published: May 2014

The European adder is not aggressive and only bites when provoked. Local effects include localised painful swelling often occurring within minutes of the bite. There may also be systemic effects with mental status changes and sometimes shock, coagulopathy, renal, hepatic or cardiac effects. Adder antivenom if indicated, depending on severity and location of the bite, is the most specific treatment and is expected to reduce morbidity with rapid improvement of swelling and reduce hospitalisation time. Other treatment is supportive with analgesia, intravenous fluids and antihistamines. Adder envenomation causes significant morbidity but low mortality.
How to place and manage indwelling urinary catheters
Authors: Oosthuizen Charlene
Published: May 2014

Indwelling urinary catheters (IDUC) are regularly used in veterinary practice and serve many purposes. IDUC often enhance the care of a patient by preventing soiling and urine scalding, providing essential monitoring and overall comfort and care. It is a necessary skill of veterinary nurses to be able to place them and know how to manage them properly. They also need to understand why the catheter is required in their patients and what signs to look out for to provide the best care for their patient. This article will be addressing the reasons why IDUC are used, how to place one in a canine patient, how to manage them and what the potential complications could be.
Use of cytology for diagnosis in veterinary dermatology
Authors: Duncan Katie
Published: May 2014

Skin complaints can cause intense pruritus and discomfort for the patient and are one of the most common reasons for presentation of an animal at the veterinary clinic. Cytology (the microscopic examination of cells and their structure) is a vital tool for the diagnosis of such cases. The information cytological evaluation reveals about cells and organisms and their relationships allows the veterinarian to make clinical decisions. Repeat cytology can monitor the response to therapy.

The role of the veterinary nurse may include collecting and processing samples for cytological evaluation, however, veterinary nurses can expand on these skills and learn how easy and rewarding it is to perform basic cytology. Utilizing the veterinary nurse to perform in house cytology allows the veterinarian more time to deal with prolonged history taking, thorough clinical examination of the animal and discussion with the owners.

In house cytology provides quick results for the client, improved patient care and also generates revenue for the practice. For the nurse it provides an opportunity for the building of expertise, interest and confidence, making them more valuable to the practice. Access to relevant courses and current text is an integral part of developing these ancillary skills. Comparing results with the lab and colleagues is another great way to learn.
Noise-related anxiety in dogs: improving management
Authors: Harper Sheila
Published: May 2014

Sound reactivity, fears and phobias are amongst the most common signs of anxiety in dogs presented to the behaviour counsellor. The use of drugs and programmes including sound desensitization CDs and dog appeasing pheromone (DAP) sprays in noise-related anxiety are well documented, yet it is clear that in many cases a significant improvement is not in evidence.

In the author's experience over 20 years, based on her own case studies and those developed by her students in five European countries studying with the International Dog Behaviour and Training School, there are a number of other factors that should also be taken into account, including the lifestyle, general physiological and psychological balance of the dog, along with clearer guidelines for practitioners as to how owner actions may influence the outcome.

The author questions the use of some of the typical routes to alleviation and resolution, along with a reminder that each case needs an individual approach according to the overall health and lifestyle of the dog, the owner's resources, awareness and understanding.
Development of the VN online clinical placement tool
Authors: Kinnison T , Orpet H , Pullen S , McNae J , Bell C , Gregory S , Baillie S
Published: May 2014

Learning on clinical placements is an important part of a veterinary nurse's training in UK higher education. Veterinary nursing students at the Royal Veterinary College begin their first placement within 4 months of starting the course and in total will spend at least 60 weeks in placements. Staff and placement providers recognize a need to investigate ways to improve student preparation for learning on placements, with the aim being to enable students to get the most out of the valuable learning opportunities provided. A computer aided learning (CAL) program, the ‘VN Online Clinical Placement Tool’ was created, based on the ‘EMS Driving Licence’ which was designed to assist veterinary students in preparing for their Extramural Studies (EMS). To help develop the content of the nursing CAL, three stakeholder groups were consulted: qualified veterinary nurses in practice, university staff and students. Several aspects of the original veterinary CAL were considered suitable for nursing students and were preserved, for example the main section headings and the ability to print a personalized certificate of completion. Specific issues particularly relevant for nursing students that were not addressed in the original CAL were identified and added. The CAL was evaluated by five second year students via a focus group. Thematic analysis on the results identified three major themes: positive aspects of the CAL; negative aspects; and areas for improvement. Several suggested improvements were implemented, including introductory videos to each section of the CAL. The final version was evaluated by three nurses in practice whose feedback was positive. All agreed that they would use the CAL with future students. The CAL is available online at www. live.ac.uk/vn_placement .
Laterality: implications for equine management and performance
Authors: Williams Jane
Published: May 2014

Laterality can be defined as an individual's cerebral hemisphere or motor handed-ness/pawed-ness/hoofed-ness preference, which is recognized in multiple animal species. It has been proposed that the concept can be used to evaluate and predict animal behavioural responses or to determine performance-related variables. This article examines research related to laterality predominately in the horse and its application in clinical practice, in relation to injury prevalence, training and rehabilitation. It concludes that the recognition of hemisphere lateral preference can be used to determine a horse's reactions in novel environments and could inform both clinical and training practice. In addition, assessment of motor lateral preference would be a beneficial addition to integrate into equine training programmes to optimize performance and should be considered when determining rehabilitation programmes post injury.
Canine osteoarthritis: improving quality of life
Authors: Brundell Kerry
Published: May 2014

Osteoarthritis is a painful, non-curable, progressive disease of the joint. Clinical signs include stiffness, lameness, and reduced activity. Treatment of the disease usually focuses on pain relief and management to improve the animal's quality of life. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are considered the treatment of choice but it may not always be possible to prescribe these because many of the dogs presented will be geriatric and may have impaired liver and kidney function. There are a number of other ways to help relieve the pain in these animals. Some of the most common treatments for the management of the disease include hydrotherapy, physiotherapy, weight management, dietary supplementation, and drug therapy. Veterinary nurses can play an invaluable role in supporting owners and monitoring a dog's response to treatment through arthritis clinics. Some owners may not be aware that this condition does not have to be an unfortunate process of old age but can be treated.
Transfusion medicine in dogs and cats: products, collection and administration
Authors: Branquinho T , Ortiz V , Vala H , Ferreira R , Santos C , Oliveira AL
Published: May 2014

Many veterinary hospitals have permanent canine and/or feline blood donors to cover their transfusion requirements and some have their own blood bank. Hospitals must ensure there is appropriate donor selection and screening, as there are inherent risks of transmission of infectious agents and of causing adverse reactions.

All donors should be fully vaccinated and receive regular veterinary preventative health care. A full physical examination should be performed by a veterinary surgeon prior to each donation, and should be unremarkable. Donors should also be screened for infectious diseases.

Blood collection and component preparation can be labour intensive and time consuming. It is of great importance to know the properties of the different blood products available in transfusion medicine, as well as how they might be used to achieve the best results in clinical practice. Veterinary nurses must know how to administer blood and blood products safely to their patients. Blood products are prepared from donor animals and represent a very limited resource, not available in all situations.

Through a combination of rigorous donor screening, individualized blood product selection, and careful monitoring, veterinary nurses can minimize the risks and enhance the benefits of transfusion.
How to run Talking Walls: an interprofesional education resource
Authors: Kinnison T , Lumbis R , Orpet H , Welsh P , Gregory S , Baillie S
Published: May 2014

Interprofessional education (IPE) aims to improve interprofessional skills(communication, team work etc) in order to provide the optimum care for clients and patients. Talking Walls is a form of IPE which is easy to conduct within veterinary practices as part of in-house training or within undergraduate education of veterinary nursing students and veterinary students. The session uses flipcharts to explore the roles and duties of both professions and aims to overcome prior misconceptions and stereotypical views and to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of the veterinary team. This paper describes how to run a Talking Walls session.
How to prevent perioperative hypothermia in the dog and cat: causes and consequences
Authors: Davies Tracey
Published: May 2014

Perioperative hypothermia is a common problem during anaesthesia in dogs and cats, and can have detrimental effects on the patient's physiology, such as impairment of kidney function. Veterinary nurses are usually heavily involved in veterinary anaesthesia, participating in pre-anaesthetic assessments, premedication, induction and monitoring of anaesthesia and observations during the recovery of the patient. Perioperative hypothermia is a problem that many veterinary nurses know must be prevented by using patient warming methods, but they may be unaware of the full pathophysiology of this condition and why certain preventative methods may or may not be successful. This article examines the causes of perioperative hypothermia, the consequences to the patients and the methods of prevention.
Dental radiography in veterinary practice
Authors: Mielnik Helen , Hamlin Jennifer
Published: May 2014

The structure of the oral cavity poses significant challenges in the diagnosis of dental disease. When disease or trauma occur beneath the gingival margin, the inability to see sub-gingival tissues can obscure the extent of the problem and prevent timely treatment. Considering the potential number of sub-gingival pathologies, dental radiography is a non-invasive tool which provides significant benefits in terms of diagnosis and treatment.
Poultry husbandry: key management points
Authors: Colville-Hyde Alison M
Published: May 2014

The resurgence of growing your own vegetables and interest in local food has also given rise to poultry keeping within the UK. Poultry keeping knowledge however tends to be limited and correct husbandry practices are often overlooked. Veterinary practitioners are seeing increasing numbers of poultry, especially chickens, in their surgeries and in the main would like to have a deeper knowledge of their care in order to give correct advice to their clients. Veterinary nurses can benefit from knowing the key points of poultry husbandry in order to have a sound understanding when investigating a case or giving advice. As with any animal, clients can become emotionally attached to chickens and treat them as one of the family, so they are expecting veterinary practices to partake in their case with confidence.
Hepatitis C — a risk to consider
Authors: O’Dea Karen
Published: May 2014

Just over a year ago while working in the veterinary practice I was exposed to the Hepatitis C 3virus. This terrible experience changed my life.
An evaluation of the cost of companion animal parasitic zoonoses in Europe
Authors: Fisher Maggie
Published: May 2014

This article explores issues around the cost of small animal parasitic zoonoses. The concept of using disability adjusted life years (DALYs) is introduced, as used by the World Health Organisation (WHO), as a measure of the human cost of a wide variety of diseases. There are problems with ascertaining accurate figures for the numbers of humans affected, particularly where there is no mandatory reporting of infections. The WHO has calculated global figures for some infections including echinococcosis and leishmaniosis, which shows them to be important causes of disease, ranking collectively alongside diseases such as tooth decay or tetanus. The responsibility for control is sometimes grasped by governmental organizations, on other occasions responsibility falls to non-governmental organizations and individuals to ensure that measures to protect both animals and humans are in place. This is the case, for example, with tick control in travelling pets following the removal of mandatory tick treatment for pets returning to the UK. While there is no formal system for measuring the cost of disease in companion animals in a similar way to DALYs, the cost of treatment for affected animals can be estimated.
Evaluation of equine superficial digital flexor tendon lesions
Authors: Bradshaw Holly , Williams Jane
Published: May 2014

Tendon injuries are commonplace in the equine athlete and are reported to be one of the most prevalent forms of musculoskeletal injuries occurring in horses competing in all disciplines. The superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) is the more commonly injured of the flexor tendons, accounting for 75–93% of clinical cases; research suggests that lesions typically occur at the mid-metacarpal level in the ‘core’ or central region of the SDFT.

Aims and objectives:

The aim of this research was to increase knowledge regarding the susceptibility to injury of specific topographical regions within the SDFT, and to identify any relationship between topographical location and lesion severity to laterality and the equestrian discipline the subjects competed in.

Method:

Secondary data were ultrasound scans from the forelimb SDFTs of horses (n =100) presenting with primary ‘core’ lesions. Topographical location, percentage distribution of the lesion entirety and the echogenicity of lesions were ascertained and graded. Statistical analysis identified if any significant differences were present between discipline competed in and right and left forelimb lesion severity within the population.

Results:

No significant differences were exposed between competitive discipline or right and left forelimb lesions severity (p >0.05). Lesions that present in the mid-metacarpal region of the SDFT comprised the greater percentage of the total clinical lesion and exhibited higher echogenicity scores, suggesting they were more severe in nature.

Conclusions:

The study confirmed that the mid-metacarpal region of the SDFT exhibited more severe legions in comparison with the proximal and distal regions; however, no differences between disciplines or with reference to laterality were observed. Although these results can only be applied to this population, they suggest that ultrasonographic evaluation of topography and echogenicity translated to severity scores can aid in the diagnosis of tendon pathology and subjects’ subsequent rehabilitation regimen.
Beating the odds: using epidemiology to pick the Cheltenham Gold Cup winner
Authors: Williams Jane , Heath Yvonne , Mata Fernando
Published: May 2014

Aim:

To date epidemiology has been widely utilised to analyse disease and identify risk factors associated with injury. This study aimed to establish if epidemiology has the potential to be employed as a predictive model of National Hunt racing performance.

Objectives:

The purpose of the present study was to apply the principles of epidemiology to predict factors that impact on individual performance in the Cheltenham Gold Cup and to strengthen the potential of epidemiology as a valid methodology for predicting racehorse performance.

Methods

Relevant factors related to racehorse performance were identified and collated via the Racingpost website for horses that had run in the Cheltenham Gold Cup from 1995 to 2010. Subsequent univariate and multivariable single-level and mixed effects logistic regression models were developed using winning the Cheltenham Gold Cup as the dependent variable.

Results

The chance of a horse winning the Cheltenham Gold Cup is increased by 1.09 times for each extra 10 percentage point increase in the percentage of starts at Cheltenham that resulted in a win. Horses that had been ridden by only one or two jockeys throughout their career were 40 times more likely to win than horses that had been ridden by three or more jockeys.

Conclusions

National Hunt racehorses that have one or two consistent jockeys throughout their racing career and have a higher course runs to win ratio at Cheltenham are predicted to perform superiorly to their peers who do not.

Potential relevance:

Epidemiology appears to be a valid tool for predicting variables that can increase the probability of superior performance for specific events and has potential to be utilised in other equine sporting fields.
Exotic ticks and tick-borne diseases: the need to remain vigilant
Authors: Elsheikha Hany M
Published: May 2014

Ticks are notorious vectors of numerous infectious (bacterial, protozoal and viral) diseases to animals and humans. Many of the tick-borne diseases (TBDs) can cause significant economic consequences and are challenging to control. Research advances in parasitology and recent changes in the Pet Travel Scheme (PETS) have changed views of how exotic tick species and TBDs can be introduced and established in the UK. However, the impact of the PETS tick treatment rule change is still unclear and requires intensive research. In the meantime, veterinary practitioners must remain vigilant and prepared. Public awareness campaigns have already been implemented, however, these need to be expanded to educating the public about the potential risks of exotic TBDs and pre-emptive measures to mitigate these risks. Pet owners' education and fostering the concept of ‘one health’ are of prime importance. Tick treatment of companion animals entering the UK, although not obligatory, is still necessary to protect travelling and resident pets.
A hail damaged Eastern Long-neck turtle: a case study
Authors: Simpson Shane
Published: May 2014

Veterinary practices may be presented with both captive and wild turtles that have sustained shell fractures caused by such things as road trauma and dog attacks. With the appropriate care these animals can be successfully treated. The initial nursing care provided to these patients can greatly affect their long-term survivability.

This case report details the treatment of an Eastern Long-neck Turtle (Chelodina longicollis) that sustained a shell fracture after being struck by a large hail stone. It highlights the treatment required to initially stabilise the turtle, the options available to repair the shell fracture and the post-operative care needed for a successful outcome.
Book Reviews
Authors: Hamlin Jennifer
Published: May 2014

Fish are becoming more popular as pets, and as a result more are likely to be presented in practice. The Veterinary Nurse Consultant editor, Jennifer Hamlin, reviews Fish Vetting Essentials.
Feline osteoarthritis: signs, diagnosis and management
Authors: Harris Shelley
Published: May 2014

Osteoarthritis is a progressive condition that causes degeneration of the articular cartilage. Although the condition is painful, it can be difficult to diagnose in cats because of the cat's ability to hide pain. Owners can be made aware of the signs of osteoarthritis, and this could help to enable a diagnosis, which will then enable symptoms of pain to be alleviated. Meloxicam is the only NSAID licensed for long-term use in cats, and has been shown to be an effective form of pain relief for cats with osteoarthritis. The addition of glucosamine to the cat's diet may help with the re-building of cartilage. The veterinary nurse plays an important role in educating cat owners with respect to the changes in the cat's behaviour that are indicative of osteoarthritis, and through the suggestion of simple changes in the home that can improve the cat's quality of life.
Factors causing thrombophlebitis in horses: methods of prevention 2
Authors: Rippingale Marie , Fisk Natalie
Published: May 2014

The first part of this article explored the concepts of identifying high risk patients, correct preparation of intravenous catheter sites and using ultrasound to monitor catheter sites. This part of the article will explore the merits of using self-disinfecting catheter caps, dressings, culturing catheters and a catheter care bundle to help prevent intravenous catheter complications in horses. The development and use of a specific catheter care bundle could raise the standards of care for hospitalised horses and enhance the knowledge and skills held by the registered equine veterinary nurses looking after them.
How to nurse the ageing, small animal inpatient part 1 – general nursing considerations
Authors: Kerrigan Lynne
Published: May 2014

Geriatrics is the branch of medicine and surgery that treats problems peculiar to old age. Ageing is defined as the accumulation of progressive body changes associated with or responsible for disease, decreased physiologic function, and ultimately death. Lifespan and life expectancy differ among species and among individual members of a species, therefore there is no one specific age that can define the term ‘geriatric’ The term is therefore generally used to define those animals that have reached 75–80% of their expected lifespan. Ageing patients do not adapt well to a change in environment or alterations to their daily routine. This first of this two-part article will focus on general nursing considerations for the ageing inpatient.
Tapeworms of UK cats and dogs: an update
Authors: Wright Ian
Published: May 2014

Tapeworms (class Cestoda) remain common parasites of UK cats and dogs despite widespread use of anthelmintics by pet owners. Although this group of helminths rarely causes disease in the definitive host their presence often causes distress in pet owners and some species have zoonotic potential. Echinococcus granulosus remains a serious endemic zoonosis despite repeated campaigns to eliminate it. This article reviews the epidemiology of tapeworm infections in the UK, zoonotic risk and the role of veterinary nurses in advising the public, diagnosis, treatments and control of these parasites.
Evidence for the use of post-operative physiotherapy after surgical repair of the cranial cruciate ligament in dogs
Authors: Cartlidge Helen
Published: May 2014

Physiotherapy is well utilised and evidenced in human practice. However, the use of physiotherapy in veterinary practice is a relatively new concept with much of the current treatment based on human evidence. Currently the evidence base for the use of physiotherapy in dogs in the post-operative period after surgery for ruptured cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) is minimal. Published evidence does indicate that the use of cold therapy in the immediate post-operative period can result in reduced swelling, reduced pain and increased range of motion (ROM). Additionally, post-operative physiotherapy programmes were shown to improve ROM, muscle mass and limb use post operatively when compared with a restricted exercise programme. However, there are some inconsistencies in results, which may in part be due to experiment design — data collection methods and sample numbers. More research is required in this field of veterinary medicine to provide evidence that the benefits of post-operative physiotherapy, widely recognised in human medicine, are truly applicable to the canine patient.
Flora da Bahia: Nymphaeaceae
Authors: De Lima Carla Teixeira , Giulietti Ana Maria , Santos Francisco De Assis Ribeiro
Published: May 2014

A floristic treatment of the Nymphaeaceae from Bahia State, Brazil, is presented. Six species of Nymphaea were recognized: N. amazonum, N. caerulea, N. lasiophylla, N. lingulata, N. pulchella and N. rudgeana. An identification key, descriptions, illustrations, and general comments on the species are presented.
Coleta de equinodermos na Baía de Todos os Santos, estado da Bahia: o comércio aquariofilista
Authors: Martins Luciana , Souto Camilla , Magalhães Wagner Ferreira , Alves Orane Falcão de Souza , Rosa Ierecê Lucena , Sampaio Claúdio Luis Santos
Published: May 2014

The ornamental marine trade has increased on a worldwide scale. Although Brazil is amongst the major exporters, data about this activity are underestimated. Therefore, the profile and consequences of such activity to the wild populations are not fully understood. In spite of being basically supported by fish collection, charismatic invertebrates also figure in this trade and virtually nothing is known about the echinoderms harvested in Brazil. Since baseline data are scarce, this study aims to provide an initial assessment on the marine aquarium echinoderm trade in Bahia State, northeastern Brazil, evaluating the landing of these animals during a ten-year period. Echinoderm landing was monitored and the trade profile was investigated from January 1996 to December 2005. The trade involved five economic segments and supplied not only the local market but other Brazilian states and countries such as Argentina. Fifteen species were commercialized and, amongst them, threatened echinoderms included in the National Red List. Fishermen usually captured them by hand but destructive methods were also used. For these reasons, studies on the dynamics of harvested populations and the development of public policies are urgently needed in order to allow the sustainability of this trade.
Conexões entre pescadores e polvos na comunidade de Coroa Vermelha, Santa Cruz Cabrália, Bahia
Authors: Martins Viviane S. , Souto Francisco José Bezerra , Schiavetti Alexandre
Published: May 2014

Os recifes de corais estão entre os ecossistemas mais diversos do mundo e, além de desempenharem funçõesecológicas importantes, possuem relevante papel socioeconômico por serem fonte de renda e subsistência de diversascomunidades. O distrito de Coroa Vermelha, situado no município de Santa Cruz Cabrália, estado da Bahia, compõe,juntamente com a parte norte do município de Porto Seguro, a APA Coroa Vermelha. A pesca artesanal de polvo (Octopusspp.) tem grande importância para a sobrevivência de boa parte da população local, ainda que o turismo seja umaalternativa cada vez mais promissora. Neste estudo, é abordado o comportamento de pescadores de polvo de CoroaVermelha com relação ao recurso explotado e demais elementos do ecossistema, bem como suas possíveis implicaçõesconservacionistas segundo a proposta etnoecológica abrangente. Inicialmente foram realizadas entrevistas não-estruturadase, posteriormente, semiestruturadas e estruturadas, com pescadores de polvo encontrados casualmente e com os“especialistas nativos”. As entrevistas semiestruturadas foram gravadas e transcritas de forma verbatim. Foi empregadatambém a técnica de observação direta, onde informantes foram acompanhados durante a pesca. Vinte pescadores foramentrevistados; dentre os quais, oito foram considerados “especialistas nativos”. Duas técnicas de captura foram registradas,o polvejamento por cima do recife e através de mergulho, e cinco sítios de coleta foram citados como os mais frequentementeexplotados pelos polvejadores locais. Dentre as conexões propostas, a ser humano/vegetal foi a mais fraca e a ser humano/animal a mais forte na pesca de polvo.
Saberes e uso da flora madeireira por especialistas populares do agreste de Sergipe
Authors: Lima Juliano Silva , De Oliveira Débora Moreira , Do Nascimento Júnior José Elvino , Silva-Mann Renata , Gomes Laura Jane
Published: May 2014

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o conhecimento da flora madeireira por especialistas em quatrocomunidades rurais da região agreste de Sergipe. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da utilização de entrevistassemiestruturadas, turnê-guiada e coleta de plantas para registro botânico. As espécies madeireiras foram classificadas emquatro categorias, de acordo com o uso atribuído pelos 31 especialistas entrevistados: combustível, construção, tecnológicoe outros. Foram identificadas 126 espécies distribuídas em 95 gêneros e 38 famílias, sendo 84% nativas da Mata Atlânticae 16% exóticas. Na categoria combustível, observou-se o maior número de citações, com 120 espécies, equivalente a 95%de todas as citações, distribuídas nas subcategorias: casa de farinha (76 espécies utilizadas), uso doméstico (48), e paracomercialização (4). Na categoria construção, foram citadas 62 espécies; das quais, 49 se enquadraram na subcategoriaconstrução civil, sendo utilizadas como peças, caibros e vigas, e 23 se enquadraram na subcategoria construção rural, sendoutilizadas em currais, cercas e cancelas. Para a categoria tecnologia, foram citadas 48 espécies, distribuídas em quatrosubcategorias: utensílio (26), transporte (3), ferramenta (11) e outras tecnologias (16). Na categoria outros usos, duasespécies se enquadram em uso ornamental e uma em uso cultural. Constatou-se que os especialistas detêm um conhecimentoamplo quanto ao uso de espécies madeireiras e utilizam critérios de seletividade, tais como qualidade, peso, odor, sazonalidadee aspectos religiosos.
Licófitas e samambaias do Parque Metropolitano de Pituaçu, Município de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Góes-Neto Luiz Armando de Araújo , Portela-Neto Adalberto Lucio , Nonato Fabiana Regina
Published: May 2014

This work presents the survey of lycophytes and ferns from the Parque Metropolitano de Pituaçu, Salvador, Bahia State. The 36 registered species belong to 22 genera and 14 families. The most representative families were Pteridaceae, with 11 species in five genera (Acrostichum, Adiantum, Pityrogramma, Pteris and Vittaria), and Thelypteridaceae, with six species in two genera (Macrothelypteris and Thelypteris). The genera with higher number of species were Adiantum (6) and Thelypteris (5). The majority of the species was herbaceous and terrestrial. This is the first study addressing exclusively lycophytes and ferns in a urban forest remnant in Salvador City.
La forma externa del poema en la poesía chilena: de la vanguardia a los albores del siglo XXI
Authors: Alemany Bay Carmen
Published: May 2014

La experimentación vanguardista en poesía se destacó por ofrecer formas de expresión externa que en mayor o menor grado cimentaron en la poesía posterior. En Chile, la poesía ofrecerá, a partir de la vanguardia y con Vicente Huidobro, numerosos ejemplos de renovación que intentarán rebatir el tradicional poder de la escritura en pro de la democratización de esta. Un cúmulo de propuestas que se incentivaron con Nicanor Parra y que seguirán con los neovanguardistas.
La contrautopía pornográfica en La misteriosa desaparición de la Marquesita de Loria
Authors: Martínez M. María Luisa
Published: May 2014

La misteriosa desaparición de la marquesita de Loria (1980) se presenta como relato excitante que deviene novela fantástica a partir de la postergación de lo erótico y se resuelve como una contrautopía pornográfica.
Mito y trabajo
Authors: López Alfonso Francisco José
Published: May 2014

Si toda la narrativa de Arguedas testimonia, de un modo necesariamente subjetivo, el conflicto entre la cultura indígena y la otra cultura, El Zorro de arriba y el zorro de abajo constituye el trágico punto final del proceso. Esta novela sobre el trabajo en el capitalismo avanzado reflexiona sobre las posibilidades de los valores de la cultura indígena en este universo. El análisis del íntimo diálogo entre los diarios autobiográficos y los capítulos de la ficción, sus dos textualidades, permite responder a algunas preguntas que plantea la novela -¿qué significan las míticas figuras de estos zorros prehispanos?, ¿por qué Arguedas se suicida antes de concluir la ficción?- y comprender la metamorfosis intelectual del escritor neoindegenista, que deja de serlo para intentar «azambarse».
Theory of regional stability as a public good: Examples from Southern Africa
Authors: Nota Fungisai
Published: May 2014

The article examines the interaction of countries in the same region when making efforts to achieve stability. The leader in regional initiatives that foster stability is likely to be the most vulnerable member of the region because in the event of regional instability, the leader member will experience the most detrimental effects. The analysis identifies a key factor - cost comparison - that determines counter-regional instability cost allocations. It is shown that market failures associated with crisis prevention and solving regional instability may be jointly reduced by a vulnerable member. Nevertheless, the subgame perfect equilibrium will still be suboptimal due to leaders who do not internalize the full externalities. Because of the high costs associated with a leader member, she is likely to be the first mover in the game of providing stability, the regional public good, giving its neighbors the opportunity to free-ride.
Analysis of failure of C-V characteristics of MIS structure with SiO2 passivation layer deposited on InSb substrate via Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Seok Chulkyun , Kim Sujin , Lee Jaeyel , Park Sehun , Park Yongjo , Yoon Euijoon
Published: May 2014

The effect of interfacial phases on the electrical properties of Au/Ti/SiO2/InSb metal-insulator (oxide)-semiconductor (MIS or MOS) structures was investigated by capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements. With increasing the deposition temperature of silicon oxide from 100 to 350°C using PECVD, the change in the interfacial phases between SiO2 and InSb were analyzed by resonant Raman spectroscopy to verify the relation between the breakdown of C-V characteristics and the change of interfacial phases. The shape of C-V characteristics was dramatically changed when the deposition temperature was above 300°C. The C-V measurements and Raman spectra represented that elemental Sb accumulation resulted from the chemical reaction of Sb oxide with InSb substrate was responsible for the failure in the C-V characteristics of MIS structure.
Structures and Electronic Properties of Graphene with Vacancy Defects
Authors: Sugimoto J. , Shintani K.
Published: May 2014

The structures and electronic properties of graphene with defects consisting of one to six atomic vacancies are investigated using first-principles calculation. All of the geometrically possible initial structures of a movacancy or a multivacancy in graphene are equilibrated. The formation energies and electronic band structures for the equilibrated defective structures are calculated. It is suggested non-zero bandgaps may be induced in graphene by introducing some types of monovacancy or multivacancy although further checks regarding supercell size are necessary to ensure the present results.