bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing Between Traditional and Integrated Project Delivery Systems Attributes for Optimizing Project Performance
Authors: Shadhar Alaa Kharbat , Mahjoob Ahmed Mohammed Raoof , Mahmood Buroog Basheer
Published: September 2022

Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) is an approach to project delivery that aims to form a collaborative effort between project parties so that optimal construction is achieved by reducing costs and positively improving production. It is distinguished by a multilateral contractual agreement that typically allows risks and rewards to be shared among project stakeholders. This paper aims to explore the distinctive features of the IPD through statistically significant performance differences between IPD and traditional project delivery systems TPD. Data were collected to measure the quantitative performance of 20 projects for the period between (2010–2022) with detailed interviews of experts and the parties to those projects. Univariate data analyzes, such as T-test and one-way ANOVA, were performed to assess IPD performance. According to the statistical significance of 15 performance standards, improvements in project performance have been achieved through the application of IPD. This study showed acceptance of the assumption of homogeneity of variance and normal distribution since the value of the mean square error test is 0.306 and the level of significance is 0.051, which is greater than 0.05. The study also showed that the best alternative to analysis of variance if has a difference in the means is the use of non-parametric statistics. This study presents a significant contribution to improving the quality of project work and controlling cost and time by following IPD compared to other traditional project delivery systems. These results will provide evidence for project decision makers to follow the appropriate delivery method for Iraqi construction projects.
Associations of the serum albumin concentration and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at discharge with 1-year mortality in sepsis survivors: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Sang-Min , Jo You Hwan , Lee Jae Hyuk , Hwang Ji Eun , Park Inwon , Baek Sumin , Jeong Hwain , Um Young Woo , Kim Hee Eun
Published: September 2022

Background This study was performed to investigate the predictors of 1-year mortality at discharge in sepsis survivors.Methods This study was a retrospective analysis of patients with sepsis and septic shock at a single centre. Patients who survived hospitalization for sepsis or septic shock from January 2016 to December 2017 were included. Age; sex; body mass index (BMI); laboratory results such as blood cell count, C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin; and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score at the time of discharge were compared between survivors and nonsurvivors at 1 year postdischarge. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify the predictors of 1-year mortality.Results During the study period, 725 survivors were included in the analysis, of whom 64 (8.8%) died within the first year. Nonsurvivors were older and had a lower BMI and higher SOFA score at discharge than survivors (P < 0.05). Among the laboratory results at discharge, haemoglobin, platelet counts and albumin concentrations were lower in the nonsurvivors than in the survivors, whereas CRP was higher in the nonsurvivors than in the survivors. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum albumin < 2.5 mg/dl and a SOFA score ≥ 2 at discharge were identified as independent prognostic factors for 1-year mortality (odds ratio 2.698, 95% confidential interval 1.488-4.883 for albumin < 2.5 mg/dl and 2.114, 1.204-3.814 for SOFA score ≥ 2, respectively).Conclusions A low serum albumin concentration of < 2.5 mg/dL and high SOFA score of ≥ 2 at the time of discharge were prognostic factors for 1-year mortality in sepsis survivors.
A new method of isolation enhancement of dual band Band-pass filter using Composite mode co-planar waveguide structure for 5G and Body Centric Applications.
Authors: Bhat Zahid A. , Sheikh Javaid A. , Khan Sharief D. , Bashir Ishfaq , Parah Shabir A.
Published: September 2022

Frequency ratio or frequency difference of more than fifteen times between the two bands is difficult to realize particularly for millimetre-wave applications. This paper presents a large frequency ratio dual band band-pass filter for 5G communication and body centric applications. The proposed filter has been studied and developed based on the mode-composite co-planar waveguide (MC-CPW). The proposed dual band band-pass filter comprises of lower and higher bands designed independently with high degree of freedom. In order to supress the harmonics between the two band, the lowpass filter is cascaded with the structure impedance matching to achieve the competent dual band band-pass filter response. The characteristics of the proposed dual band band-pass filter based on mode composite co-planar waveguide structure yields it as the promising and potential entrant for the multi-band operating systems particularly in 5G communication systems with body centric applications. To certify the practicability and pre-eminence of the proposed filter, the simulated and measured results are compared and are found in good agreement to one another.
Comparative evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of Two shape, TruNatomy files against enterococcus faecalis-an invitro study
Authors: Chundi Bharathi , N Dr.Mallika , M Dr.Prasanthi , A Dr.Satyasriyadav
Published: September 2022

Aim: The present study aimed to assess the antibacterial efficiency of Two shape (TS) and TruNatomy files (TRN) files against Enterococcus faecalis.

Materials and Methodology: Forty human mandibular premolars with single roots were collected and decoronated to standardize the lengths. The specimens were then mounted in acrylic resin and E. faecalis suspension was used to contaminate the specimens and they were incubated for three weeks. All the specimens were divided randomly into four groups. Instrumentation was done using Twoshape files (TS): Group I, TruNatomy files (TRN): Group II & Manual Crown Down technique (CD) using Gatesglidden drills and Hand files: Group III with sterile distilled water as irrrigant.Group IV was served as control group. Microbial samples were collected using paper points without instrumentation of the samples and after instrumentation from intracanal environment, which were diluted and later plated on tryptic soy broth (TSB).

Results: Significant difference was seen amongst the experimental groups (P<0.05), before and after instrumentation. TS and TRN resulted in more bacterial reduction than CD technique (P<0.05) whereas TS and TRN were almost similar in their efficacy (P>0.05).

Conclusion: TS and TRN promoted higher bacterial reduction than CD technique, with TS demonstrating the highest antibacterial efficacy.
“Mucormycosis- The Black Fungus Incapacitating Covid Patients in India”
Authors: Sornavel Abirami , Zeba Naaz  , Zeba Naaz  , Shivani Yadav  , Safia Almas  , Priyanka Singh Raghav
Published: September 2022

COVID-19 pandemic is still going on. This has led to many secondary infections like opportunistic fungal infections . Its likely that oral lesions in patients with COVID-19 is more likely induced by co-infections, immunity impairment, and adverse reactions instead of direct SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mucormycosis is one such secondary infection caused by fungi belonging to the order Mucorales. Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is one form of mucormycosis, which targets the maxillary antrum and the  surrounding tissues and  cause necrotizing ulceration of the palate with exposure of underlying bone. The treatment given in mucormycosis cases include restoration of metabolic or immunologic competency, intravenous amphotericin B, and surgical debridement. Surgical debridement results in difficulty in speech, deglutition, mastication, and respiration. Both physical and psychologic needs of the patient are best served if an immediate surgical obturator is provided. Definitive prosthodontic treatment should be considered only when healing is complete.
Precision ball attachment retained overdenture – A unique treatment option for edentulous – A case report
Authors: Anuraj Vijayan Anuraj Vijayan , Bhatia Dr. Vishwas , Chaudhary Dr. Aditya , Kulsum Dr. Syeda Tahseen
Published: September 2022

The overdenture treatment provides a conservative option for rehabilitation of patients with a few key teeth remaining. Retained abutments dramatically increase the overall retention and stability of the denture. Along with these benefits, the retained teeth also provide the advantages provided by the intact periodontium which provides a positive reinforcement to the underlying bone. The overdenture treatment can be provided with or without attachments. The attachments have an added advantage of being precision made to provide improved resiliency thus preserving the abutments in the process. These attachments have the added benefit of reducing the bulk of the prosthesis. Thus the precision ball attachment supported overdenture is a boon for patients who are not willing to go for surgical options or patients in whom systemic conditions contradict a surgical procedure. This article, presents a case report aimed at highlighting the usage of precision ball attachments as an adjunct to overdenture treatment.
Effect of Phytic acid on the tissue dissolving ability of Sodium hypochlorite: An ex-vivo study
Authors: Chundi Bharathi , Ndig Dr.Prasannalatha , K.B. Dr.Jayalakshmi
Published: September 2022

Aim: To evaluate the effect of Phytic acid on the pulp dissolving ability of sodium hypochlorite (Naocl).

Methodology: Pulp tissue was collected from patients undergoing root canal treatment using barbed broach and stored in 10% formalin. The tissue was then divided into fragments of equal weight and immersed in solutions consisting of 5.25 % Naocl and mixture of 1:1(w/w) Phytic acid and 5.25% Naocl for a period of 30 minutes. Tissue fragments were removed and weighed again. The difference between the initial and final weight was used to calculate weight loss there by representing tissue dissolving ability of each solution used.

Results: No significant difference was found in the tissue dissolving ability for both the tested groups. (P˂0.05).

Conclusion: Addition of Phytic acid did not alter the pulp dissolving ability of Naocl.
One- stage indirect sinus augmentation: A Clinical Report
Authors: Mundhe Darshana , Kalke Prakash , Vijayaraghavan Vasantha , Jadhav Madhura
Published: September 2022

The success of implant therapy depends upon proper case selection, executed with good surgical protocol and proven by radiographic and functional outcome. This clinical report presents successful outcome of one- stage indirect sinus augmentation technique using osteotomes.
The Dermatoglyphics: Deciphering Dental Diseases
Authors: Priyadarshi Surbhi , Tangade Pradeep , Sahar Najmus , Srivastava Rangoli
Published: September 2022

Dermatoglyphics is the study of pattern of ridges and configurations over the digits, palm and soles which can be used as preliminary method of diagnosis and investigation. In the existing literature, association between various dental diseases has been found with dermatoglyphics. These were initially used for the purpose of individual’s identification but its association with different medical and dental diseases has been found. Health problems can be anticipated easily if the diseases are diagnosed or detected at an early stage. Dermatoglyphics not only plays an important role in finding the association or correlation between finger print patterns and dental diseases but it is also of great help in early detection of medical and dental conditions. The aim of this article is to discuss in detail about advantages, limitations and types of the dermatoglyphics pattern and also about the existing literature and investigations conducted by various authors.
A ten year retrospective statistical analysis of maxillofacial injuries in patients admitted and treated at Institute of Dental Sciences Bareilly
Authors: Gautam Nandita , KK Shivalingesh , Kushwaha Anushtha , Kumar Prasanjeet
Published: September 2022

Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence, common age, gender, causes, types, treatment modality, and complication of the maxillofacial fractures for the patients admitted to the Institute of Dental Sciences Bareilly.

Materials and methods: The medical records of all cases admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) ward of Institute of Dental Sciences Bareilly, were reviewed for presence of maxillofacial fractures. The statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 22.

Results: There were 78% males and 12% females. The most affected age-group was 15–30 years and the male–female ratio was 6.5:1. RTAs were the most common cause of maxillofacial trauma, accounting for 70% of cases, followed by assaults (10%), sports injuries (12%), and falls (8%). Our findings revealed that the mandible body and parasymphysis were the most actively engaged bones, accompanied by the mandibular angle. Open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF) was the most common treatment methods (89.3%) utilized in this study.

Conclusion: Maxillofacial fractures most commonly affected young individuals in the 15–30-year-old age-group, often as a result of RTA, and body of the mandible was the most frequent site of fracture.  This study also concluded that helmet use among motorcyclists (93.29%) was infrequent among the participants. Education and motivation on road safety measures are the two factors that have to be considered to improve helmet use among motorcyclists.

Clinical significance: The prevalence, common age, gender, causes, types, treatment modality, and complication of the maxillofacial fractures for the patients admitted can be assessed from the present study.
A Study on Application of Prosthodontic Techniques in Private Practice-A Survey
Authors: Guddu Garima
Published: September 2022

Background: Continuing dental education programs can highlight the hazards of shortcuts and stress the importance of prescribed techniques to improve the practitioner’s clinical effectiveness and the quality of the treatment rendered to the patients. Aim: This paper aimed to evaluate application of prosthodontic techniques in private practice. The obtained information & data helped to emphasize strongly the basic prosthodontic principles in the undergraduate teaching curriculum. Materials and Method: A total of 230 dental practitioners in Kanpur city, Uttar Pradesh, India was included in an internet questionnaire survey which included 15 questions regarding complete denture, removable partial denture, fixed partial denture and implants.Results:35.65% respondents selected normal tap water to disinfect the impression, 42.17% used alginate for primary impression, 65.22% used ZnOE for final impression, 57.83% completed the treatment of complete denture fabrication in 5 appointments, 73.04%fabricated acrylic RPD’s, 55.65% used Valsalva manoeuvre technique to record PPS, 51.30% never fabricated CAD/CAM dentures, only 39.57%used facebow for orientation jaw relation, only 33.04% used gingival retraction cord before final impression of FPD, 53.04% obtained written consent before starting the procedure, 68.26% used wax to record the interocclusal records, only 29.13% gave temporary/provisional crown, 51.74% fabricated Zirconia for restoration  of anterior region, only 45.22%fabricated study models before starting FPD, very few 23.48% of respondents practiced implant dentistry. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study author concluded that there are differences between what is taught as accepted prosthodontic practice in undergraduate curriculum and what is actually practiced. However, to further enhance the skills, efforts should be made to encourage and aware the practitioners about the techniques in prosthodontics practice through continuing dental education programs.
Single vein resection in surgery for pancreatic ductal carcinoma as a criterion of resectability
Authors: Chichevatov D. A. , Kalentjev V. V. , Glukhov A. E.
Published: September 2022

Background. Pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDC) with involvement of the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) or/ and portal vein (PV) remains a discussible subject. We have evaluated vein invasion as a criterion of borderline resectability and long-term outcome. Material and methods. In our center, 68 patients underwent either 65 standard pancreatoduodenal resections or 3 pancreatoduodenectomies for PDC. Resection of SMV/PV was performed in 18 cases (26.5 %). Three patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), and adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) was assigned to 37 patients (54.4 %). Results. Morbidity (42.0 vs 50.0 %, р=0.590) and mortality rates (4.0 vs 16.7 %, р=0.111) had no significant differences in groups of standard and angioplasty operations respectively. ACT was completed in 10 (16.7 %) patients only. There was true vein invasion in 12 of 18 patients with vein resection. рN+ (р=0.012) and angioplasty by itself (р<0.001) were found out as independent predictors of overall survival (OS). the median OS was 9.4 mo in patients with vein resection. in the group of standard operations, the median OS was 26.9 mo (р<0.001). The median OS in patients with vein resection and complete chemotherapy was 17.7 mo in contrast to 8.9 mo in those who did not receive chemotherapy (р=0.439). Conclusions. PDR with vein resection and incomplete chemotherapy cannot be regarded as a reasonable procedure. PDR with vein resection may be appropriate after efficient NACT.
Relationship of -31G/C (rs9904341) polymorphism in the survivin gene BIRC5 and the risk of bladder cancer
Authors: Bashmakova E. E. , Panamarev N. S. , Kudryavtsev A. N. , Chernyaev D. V. , Slepov E. V. , Zukov R. A. , Frank L. A.
Published: September 2022

Purpose: To study the relationship between the -31G/C (rs9904341) polymorphism in the promoter region of the survivin protein gene and the predisposition to bladder cancer (BC) in patients of the Krasnoyarsk region. Material and methods. The allelic composition of the studied gene was determined in a group of 158 BC patients, consisting of 30 women and 128 men (mean age 65.6 ± 10.7, median: 66.5; C25–C75: 59–72). The control group included 117 healthy donors and consisted of 27 women and 90 men with an average age of 60.2 ± 5.1 (median: 60; C25–C75: 57–63.25). The allelic composition was determined using the bioluminescent method. A sample with the GC genotype confirmed by sanger sequencing (center for collective use “genomika”, Novosibirsk, Russia) was used as a control. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare quantitative data. the studied sample was in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (p>0.5). The pearson χ2 test was used to compare the frequencies of gene variants among BC cases and control samples. The association between variants rs9904341 and BC was assessed in terms of odds ratio (OR) with a 95 % confidence interval (CI); p values<0.05 were considered significant. Results. The allelic composition was determined for the genes of patients and control group participants: GG – 62 (39.2%) vs 43 (36.8%); GC – 82 (51.9%) vs 54 (46.2%); CC – 14 (8.9%) vs 20 (17.15%). The relationship between the presence of the C allele and BC was assessed using the recessive inheritance model, combining all carriers – heterozygotes and homozygotes. The frequency of occurrence of genotypes for patients and the control group was established: GG + GC – 144 (91.1%) vs 97 (82.9%); CC – 14 (8.9%) vs 20 (17.1%). Thus, carriers of the CС genotype were significantly less in patients: OR (95% CI) 0.47 (0.23–0.98), p=0.04. The relationship with tumor invasion was not significant (p=0.08). Conclusion. Based on the results of detecting the rs9904341 (G/C) polymorphism among BC patients of the Krasnoyarsk region, a protective effect of the carriage of the CC genotype was found. In order to study the allelic composition with the threat of recurrence of the disease, additional research is needed.
Detection and Segmentation of Damaged Photovoltaic Panels Using Deep Learning and Fine-tuning in Images Captured by Drone
Authors: Souza Luís Fabrício de Freitas , Castro Tassiana Marinho , Santos Lucas de Oliveira , Marques Adriell Gomes , Nascimento José Jerovane da Costa , Santos Matheus Araújo , Severiano Guilherme F. Brilhante , Rebouças Filho Pedro Pedrosa
Published: September 2022

Energy consumption is a direct impact factor in various sectors of society. Different technologies for energy generation are based on renewable sources and used as alternatives to the consumption of finite resources. Among these technologies, photovoltaic panels represent an efficient solution for energy generation and an option for sustainable consumption. The problem of damaged panels brings numerous problems in energy generation, from the interruption of generation to losses through financial investments. The proposed study presents an efficient model based on deep learning for detection and different models based on fine-tuning for the segmentation of damaged photovoltaic panels. The use of the Detectron2 convolutional network obtained 78% of Accuracy for detection and 95% precision in the detectable panels, also obtaining 99.91% for the segmentation problem of photovoltaic panels in the best-generated model in this study. The proposed model showed great effectiveness for panel detection and segmentation, surpassing works found in the literature.
On the Maintenance and Restoration of the Furniture of the Elaginoostrovsky Palace
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Torbik Vladimir S.
Published: September 2022

Using an analysis of archival documents, this article considers methods of preserving items of furniture decoration during operation throughout the 19th century. The process of selecting craftsmen for producing works on the preservation of furniture in proper condition on the basis of tenders is described. A description of the trading conditions is given. The basic methods of furniture finishing are revealed. A method of furniture surface treatment, named “with strong vodka” is described. It was the method of the surface treatment of the furniture with the nitric acid solution followed by heating of the surface. This method had been rather often used in the furniture making in the first half of the 19th century. Also there are presented documents that allow you to see the attitude towards upholstery and upholstery materials. Among these methods could be met replacement of the upholstery fabric, using of the back side for the facial surface, cutting of the old curtains for the upholstery of the furniture and some others, including a moire tip when repainting fabrics. The interiors of the palace were not rebuilt during the 19th century, however, the furniture required constant repairs and the introduction of new items into the interior, if necessary. Also, the above documents show how the interiors were equipped with furniture that came from furniture craftsmen or a furniture warehouse. The above materials reveal a picture of a very difficult life of an object in time, and also introduces documents into scientific circulation that make it possible to make clarifications in the attribution of furniture items.
Two Greek Paratext Poems from the Manuscript Q No. 2 of the Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philosophy, Rasljic Dimitrija
Published: September 2022

This paper sheds new light on two Greek texts accompanying Aeschylus’ Prometheus Vinctus, in the fifteenth-century manuscript Q No. 2 of the Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg. The first text is a didactic poem on iambic versification, allegedly composed by Michael Psellos, and the other one is a mixture of book epigrams related to the subject of the Prometheus Vinctus. August Nauck studied the manuscript and published these texts. All further mentions of the manuscript depend on Nauck’s readings, which nobody seems to question. In the latest edition of Psellos, prepared by Westerink, the manuscript from St Petersburg has not been taken into account, albeit the editor mentions Nauck’s publication. As for the epigrams, they have been published several times, also without taking that manuscript into account. A new study of the codex shows that Nauck’s edition contains several minor misreadings, therefore, I propose a new edition, based on the St Petersburg manuscript, as well as other manuscripts bearing same or similar verses, which were, apparently, unknown to him. Analyzing the epigrams on Prometheus, I compare our manuscript with others which contain the same verses (usually in different order). I try to explain some of the mistakes in these texts and correct them, as well as to compare them with other readings.
The LSU Department of Classics in the Pre-War and Post-War Period
Authors:   S. I. Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (St Petersburg Branch), Skvortsov Artyom M.
Published: September 2022

This article analyzes the history of the Department of Classical Philology at Leningrad University from 1938 to 1946, except when the department was evacuated to Saratov during the Blockade of Leningrad. Documentation from the archival collections (the Central State Archive of St. Petersburg and the Joint Archive of St. Petersburg State University) and memoirs (mainly those of O. M. Freidenberg) were used. The study of the curriculum of the department, introduced in 1938, allowed us to draw a conclusion about the comprehensive historical-philological training of students, which had its roots in the pre-revolutionary times. It has been established that the policy of the head of the department, O. M. Freidenberg, of promoting young personnel in the department (with the handover of courses to them, not always rationally justified, in the main department) contributed to a conflict situation which led to a public discussion in May 1946 at the academic council of the department she headed. This meeting should not be categorized as an ideological campaign: it was based on professional disagreement. The scandalous nature of B. L. Galerkina’s and N. V. Vulich’s defense was due not so much to personal motives as to scientific differences in the views on the tasks of classical philology between O. M. Freidenberg and representatives of the “old” school. Dissertations turned out to be hastily done, the reason for which was the material factor.
Surrogacy in Russia: Limits of contractual regulation
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Zezekalo Alexander , Novikov Andrei ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: September 2022

The theoretical scrutiny over surrogacy in many areas of the social sciences, including law, results from the intensive development of this new reproductive technology over recent decades. Given advantages it undoubtedly provides, but also dangers it probably entails, the world has been divided into principled supporters and opponents, as well as those who prefer to wait and see. Russian jurisdiction is among the most liberal in this respect, being generally favorable towards surrogacy and providing a minimum amount of legislative restrictions. The key provision, which creates a legal framework for regulating respective relationships in Russia today, is enshrined in paragraph 9 of Art. 55 of the Federal Law of November 21, 2011, no. 323-FZ “On the Basics of Protecting the Health of Citizens in the Russian Federation”. This provision, however, seems rather lapidary, general, and descriptive. Overlooking medical and social dimensions involved, the essence of the relationship arising in connection with surrogacy can be described as follows: future parents attract a surrogate mother to gestate and produce an offspring for them. The present paper deals with legal mechanisms underlying these relations, the potential role of civil law, and, in particular, of contractual regulation in Russia. The authors employ a dynamic approach towards the whole combination of relationships between the interested parties, dividing into several stages the entire process from the moment of reaching an agreement between a surrogate mother and potential parents, until the acquisition of parental rights in respect of a child. On the basis of a critical analysis of existing legislative provisions, as well as Russian courts’ jurisprudence, the authors question the validity of the well-established stance to treat these complex relations as matters of civil law.
Public policy clause in law and judicial practice of the People’s Republic of China
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kachulis Anton
Published: September 2022

The article presents an analysis of approaches to applying the public policy clause as a ground for refusing recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards in Chinese judicial practice. The study also addresses issues related to the enforcement of “internal” arbitral awards in China. The choice of this legal order for the study is that the public policy clause appeared in Chinese law relatively recent. In addition, mainland China joined the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards of 1958 only in 1987, much later than the USSR. At first, Chinese courts, like those in Russia, had a poor understanding of how to interpret and apply the public policy clause, but later the situation changed for the better. Taking into account China’s significant role in international trade, it is important to find out in which situations Chinese courts recognize public policy violations. Apart from the legal acts of the People’s Republic of China that embody the public policy clause, the article also analyzes Chinese judicial practice. A few examples of the use of this clause in domestic disputes were also studied. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that the Chinese judicial practice has already developed a restrictive and uniform approach to the interpretation of the content of public policy. Given that it is not yet possible to draw a similar conclusion in relation to Russian judicial practice, Russian law enforcement authorities could pay attention to the approaches of the Supreme People’s Court of the People’s Republic of China, in particular, to its consistent practice of distinguishing of public policy violation from other grounds for refusal to recognize and enforce foreign arbitral awards.
Revealing the present condition of the literary museums network in Russia, and analyzing peculiar properties of work on a block of articles about the regions for the encyclopedia Literary Museums of Russia
Authors:   Vladimir Dahl Russian State Literary Museum, Korneeva Anastasiia A.
Published: September 2022

The article discusses the problem of preparing a block of articles about the regions for the encyclopedia Literary Museums of Russia, which is being developed by the Vladimir Dahl Russian State Literary Museum with the support of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation. The process of preparation for the work is described: existing studies on this topic are analyzed, their deficiencies are revealed. The author develops and demonstrates the structure of an encyclopedia article about a region, which implies an integrated approach, and highlights its main parts with brief characteristics of their content. The features of work on each part of the article are considered: existing sources are described, and troublesome places are indicated. The article analyzes the sources of statistical data, including the existing system of statistical observation, and identifies their gaps, shortcomings and weaknesses that make it difficult to conduct a complete and comprehensive analysis and don’t allow to fully identify the total number of museums; the decisions taken in this regard are described. It is revealed how the general population of literary museums was formed (museums recorded in the dictionary of the encyclopedia, as well as identified in the course of work). The territorial distribution (present condition) and the main quantitative parameters of museums of this profile by regions of the country are presented, taking into account all possible museums of this profile group by type of owner (state and non-state). The most developed regional networks of literary museums are identified, and a rating of regions is compiled indicating the number of museums; regions where there is no network of literary museums are designated. The total number of museums of this profile is revealed, the data are compared with 2016.
Prediction of daily failure rate using the serial triple diagram model and artificial neural network
Authors: Kizilöz Burak
Published: September 2022

In this study, 41 models used for the prediction of daily failure rates in water distribution networks have been designed via the Serial Triple Diagram Model (STDM) and artificial neural network (ANN) methods. For this purpose, daily failure data measured coordinately in the water distribution system network in Gebze and transferred to the geographic information system (GIS) has been used. The data has been normalized through the min-max technique to scale it at regular intervals and develop the model prediction performance. In this study, certain meteorological variables such as temperature and precipitation have been taken into account as model input for the first time. According to the increasing values of these two variables, it is observed in the model results that daily failure rates tend to increase. The expected model accuracies in failure rate prediction could not be obtained through the suggested ANN models. The higher prediction performances have been obtained through the STDM, a structure that enables visualization of the model results by making inferences. The STDM method is a significant alternative approach to determine the relationship of the variables on the failure and to predict the failure rate. It is predicted that the suggested STDM charts will contribute to the decision-makers, experts, and planners to determine effective infrastructure management. Also, investment planning prioritization will be able to reduce failure rates by interpreting prediction charts.
Vacancia parlamentaria: en búsqueda de una mayor legitimidad
Authors:   Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay., Rubano Lapasta Mariela , España España Vivian Scarlett ,   Universidad de las Américas, Concepción, Chile.
Published: September 2022

El objeto del presente trabajo es examinar el mecanismo de provisión de vacantes en cargos parlamentarios (incisos 3° al 6° del Artículo 51 de la Constitución Política). Se aborda el tema realizando una breve síntesis de la evolución constitucional de esta problemática,se examina la situación actual, se citan algunos procedimientos para proveer las vacantes en el derecho comparado, se hace referencia a casos de vacancia parlamentaria en el derecho nacional, y se exponen ideas centrales sobre democracia, legitimidad, estado de derecho y Parlamento. Finalmente, se formula una visión crítica sobre el mecanismo vigente de provisión de vacantes, y algunas conclusiones.
An Overview of Thrombin Inhibitors in the Perspective of Structureactivity
Relationships
Authors: Wang Jiangming , Sun Xiaojing , Li Na , Sheng Ruilong , Guo Ruihua
Published: September 2022

Thrombosis is one of the most important pathogenic factors related to cardiovascular
diseases. Presently, thrombin inhibitors have gradually gained prominence in
clinical practice due to their unique potential, such as dabigatran. Nevertheless, the risk of
bleeding is not completely eliminated, and the threats of gastrointestinal bleeding are even
increased in some cases. Therefore, developing new oral thrombin inhibitors with low side
effects is urgent. In this paper, we summarized recent advances in the newly synthesized
and isolated thrombin inhibitors from 2000 to 2019 and their structure-activity relationships
(SARs) along with structure-dependent pharmacokinetic parameters, guiding the
next generation of oral thrombin inhibitors.
Astragaloside IV Protects Sepsis-induced Acute Kidney Injury by Attenuating Mitochondrial
Dysfunction and Apoptosis in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells
Authors: Feng Meixia , Lv Juan , Zhang Chenxi , Chen Dagui , Guo Huan , Tu Ye , Su Li , Wang Zhibin
Published: September 2022

Background:

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is closely linked to the pathogenesis of sepsis. Oxidative
stress can affect the development of AKI by increasing damage to renal tubular epithelial cells. Astragaloside
IV (AS-IV) is a natural saponin widly verified beneficial for ameliorating sepsis-induced kidney injury. However,
the underlying mechanisms of AS-IV on relieving oxidative stress in renal tubular epithelial cells are yet
to be established.

Purpose:

We aimed to investigate whether AS-IV could attenuate mitochondrialdysfunction and apoptosis in
renal tubular epithelial cells and reveal its underlying mechanisms.

Methods:

For the in vivo study, mice were divided into four groups (n=6): sham+saline, CLP+saline, CLP+ASIV-
low dosage (5 mg/kg), CLP+AS-IV-high dosage (10 mg/kg), After 6 h or 24 h of treatment, the renal injuries
were assessed based on related parameters of blood, protein and histopathological examination. Immunohistochemistry
and ELISA were used to examine renal function. The molecular mechanism of AS-IV inhibited
apoptosis and mitochondrial damage were monitored by flow cytometry and western blot analysis in HK-2
cells.

Results:

We found that AS-IV ameliorates renal vacuolization, brush border loss, mitochondrial ultrastructure
changes in sepsis-induced AKI, and the apoptosis and oxidative damage were greatly mitigated by AS-IV
(10 mg/kg)-treated group. Abnormal changes in mitochondrial morphology and mitochondrial membrane
potential were alleviated, and the expression of mitochondrial complex protein I (NDUFB8) and mitochondrial
complex protein II (SDHB8) increased with (10 mg/kg)-treated group. Tubular epithelial cell apoptosis in
AS-IV (20 μM)-treated cells was reduced by the Bax and cleaved caspase3 pathway.

Conclusion:

These studies demonstrated that AS-IV protects against sepsis-induced kidney tubular injury by
alleviating oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction possibly associated with the restored cleaved caspase3
pathway.
Hydrophobic-hydrophilic Alternation: An effective Pattern to de novo Designed
Antimicrobial Peptides
Authors: Zeng Ping , Cheng Qipeng
Published: September 2022

The antimicrobial peptide (AMP) is a class of molecules that are active against a variety of microorganisms, from bacterial and cancer cells to fungi. Most AMPs are natural products, as part of an organism's
own defense system against harmful microbes. However, the growing prevalence of drug resistance has forced
researchers to design more promising engineered antimicrobial agents. Inspired by the amphiphilic detergents,
the hydrophobic-hydrophilic alternation pattern was considered to be a simple but effective way to de novo design AMPs. In this model, hydrophobic amino acids (leucine, isoleucine et al.) and hydrophilic amino acids
(arginine, lysine et al.) were arranged in an alternating way in the peptide sequence. The majority of this type of
peptides have a clear hydrophilic-hydrophobic interface, which allows the molecules to have good solubility in
both water and organic solvents. When they come into contact with hydrophobic membranes, many peptides
undergo a conformational transformation, facilitating themself to insert into the cellular envelope. Moreover,
positive-charged peptide amphiphiles tended to have an affinity with negatively-charged membrane interfaces
and further led to envelope damage and cell death. Herein, several typical design patterns have been reviewed.
Though varying in amino acid sequence, they all basically follow the rule of alternating arrangement of hydrophilic and hydrophobic residues. Based on that, researchers synthesized some lead compounds with favorable
antimicrobial activities and preliminarily investigated their possible mode of action. Besides membrane disruption, these AMPs are proven to kill microbes in multiple mechanisms. These results deepened our understanding of AMPs’ design and provided a theoretical basis for constructing peptide candidates with better biocompatibility and therapeutic potential
RNA Aptamer-functionalized Polymeric Nanoparticles in Targeted Delivery and
Cancer Therapy: An up-to-date Review
Authors: Marangoni Karina , Menezes Regina
Published: September 2022

Cancer nanotechnology takes advantage of nanoparticles to diagnose and treat cancer. The use of
natural and synthetic polymers for drug delivery has become increasingly popular. Polymeric nanoparticles
(PNPs) can be loaded with chemotherapeutics, small chemicals, and/or biological therapeutics. Major problems
in delivering such therapeutics to the desired targets are associated with the lack of specificity and the low capacity
of PNPs to cross cell membranes, which seems to be even more difficult to overcome in multidrugresistant
cancer cells with rigid lipid bilayers. Despite the progress of these nanocarrier delivery systems
(NDSs), active targeting approaches to complement the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect are
necessary to improve their therapeutic efficiency and reduce systemic toxicity. For this, a targeting moiety is
required to deliver the nanocarrier systems to a specific location. A strategy to overcome these limitations and
raise the uptake of PNPs is the conjugation with RNA aptamers (RNApt) with specificity for cancer cells. The
site-directed delivery of drugs is made by the functionalization of these specific ligands on the NDSs surface,
thereby creating specificity for features of cancer cell membranes or an overexpressed target/receptor exposed
to those cells. Despite the advances in the field, NDSs development and functionalization are still in their early
stages and numerous challenges are expected to impact the technology. Thus, RNApt supplies a promising reply
to the common problem related to drug delivery by NDSs. This review summarizes the current knowledge
on the use of RNApt to generate functionalized PNPs for cancer therapy, discussing the most relevant studies in
the area.
Relationship Between Autophagy and Drug Resistance in Tumors
Authors: Hu Xuan , Wen Lu , Li Xianfeng , Zhu Chuanying
Published: September 2022

Multidrug resistance (MDR) in tumor cells, a phenomenon in which tumor cells become resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs with different chemical structures and mechanisms of action, is a major obstacle to tumor therapy and is an urgent problem to be addressed. Autophagy, widely found in eukaryotic cells, is a lysosome-dependent pathway of self-degradation. In different environments, autophagy can play different roles in the self-protection of cells. At different stages of tumorigenesis, autophagy can play two distinct roles: inhibition of cancer and promotion of cancer. The relationship between autophagy and drug resistance in tumor cells is complex. Moreover, autophagy can play a role in promoting drug resistance and drug sensitivity through different molecular pathways. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between autophagy and drug resistance in tumor cells from the perspective of molecular mechanisms.
Practical Manipulation for the Preparation of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
for Drug Delivery Vehicles
Authors: Kim Minki , Shim Heeok , Na Young-Guk , Lee Hong-Ki , Baek Jong-Suep , Cho Cheong-Weon
Published: September 2022

Background:

Optimization of MSNs is the most important process for efficient and safe drug delivery systems.

Objective:

In this study, the physicochemical properties of MSNs were evaluated using various compositions of individual reagents.

Methods:

MSNs were synthesized according to a modified Stöber method. The physicochemical properties
of MSNs were evaluated. Spherical uniform particles were observed in the scanning electron microscope
(SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image and the meso-structure of MSNs
was confirmed. The amorphous and specific hexagonal structure of MSNs was confirmed through Xray
diffraction (XRD) and SAXRD.

Results:

Results: The particle size and surface area according to changes in amounts of reagents ranged from
34.5 ± 2.3 to 216.0 ± 17.1 nm and from 549.79 to 1154.26 m2/g, respectively. A linear relationship was
found between the surface area of MSNs and the adsorption rate of methylene blue (MB). MSNs exhibited
no apparent cytotoxic effect on Caco-2 cell up to 200 μg/mL. The amounts of tetramethyl ammonium
silicate and tetraethyl ortho silicate (TEOS), NaOH, and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide
(CTAB) were adjusted to control the particle size and surface area of MSNs, and it was found that the
amounts of synthetic reagents affected the physicochemical properties such as particle size and surface
area of MSNs. MSNs with a large surface area adsorbed a large amount of MB.

Conclusion:

These results indicated that drug adsorption is related to the surface area of MSNs. MSNs did not show cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells. MSNs may be a promising nanomaterial that could be applied as a carrier for various drugs.
Distribution of Cortical Atrophy Associated with Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s
Disease: A Cross-Sectional Quantitative Structural MRI Study
from PUMCH Dementia Cohort
Authors: Mao Chenhui , Hou Bo , Li Jie , Chu Shanshan , Huang Xinying , Wang Jie , Dong Liling , Liu Caiyan , Feng Feng , Peng Bin , Gao Jing
Published: September 2022

Background:

Quantitative measures of atrophy on structural MRI are sensitive to the neurodegeneration that occurs in AD, and the topographical pattern of atrophy could serve as a sensitive and specific biomarker.

Ojective:

We aimed to examine the distribution of cortical atrophy associated with cognitive decline and disease stage based on quantitative structural MRI analysis in a Chinese cohort to inform clinical diagnosis and follow-up of AD patients.

Methods:

One hundred and eleven patients who were clinically diagnosed with probable AD were enrolled. All patients completed a systemic cognitive evaluation and domain-specific batteries. The severity of cognitive decline was defined by MMSE score: 1-10 severe, 11-20 moderate, 21-30 mild. Cortical volume and thickness determined using 3D-T1 MRI data were analyzed using voxel-based morphometry and surface-based analysis supported by the DR. Brain Platform.

Results:

The male:female ratio was 38:73. The average age was 70.8±10.6 years. The mild:moderate:severe ratio was 48:38:25. Total grey matter volume was significantly related to cognition while the relationship between white matter volume and cognition did not reach statistical significance. The volume of the temporal-parietal-occipital cortex was most strongly associated with cognitive decline in group analysis, while the hippocampus and entorhinal area had a less significant association with cognitive decline. Volume of subcortical grey matter was also associated with cognition. Volume and thickness of temporoparietal cortexes were significantly correlated with cognitive decline with a left predominance observed.

Conclusion:

Cognitive deterioration was associated with cortical atrophy. Volume and thickness of the left temporal-parietal-occipital cortex were most important in early diagnosis and longitudinal evaluation of AD in clinical practice. Cognitively relevant cortices were left predominant.