bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impactos de los cerros urbanos: una transformación Ambiental irreversible
Authors: Bocanegra García Carlos Alfredo
Published: April 2024

The article describes the accelerated growth of human settlements in the hills, hills and slopes that have transformed the ecological role of what was previously forests, by unplanned urban infrastructure whose impacts are economic, social but above all environmental that unbalance the ecosystem natural, increasing vulnerability to threats of natural origin such as stream overflows, floods among others.
Factores que inciden en la tasa de desempleo en los países sudamericanos durante el periodo 2009-2017
Authors: Reyes Cueva Iliana Marisela , Cruz Granda Jennifer Katiuska , Uriguen Aguirre Patricia Alexandra , Bejarano Copo Holger Fabrizzio
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this investigations is to determine and analyze the factors that infer within the unemployment rate in South America during 2009-2018, taking into consideration that the lack of employment is one of the main problems of greater relevance within the economy of the nations, for this reason great concern is generated within the social, political and economic environments, currently in South American countries due to the lack of policies that help to stop or control this problem. The applied methodology is descriptive with a quantitative approach within the data analysis, through the econometric analysis for panel data, it is proposed to explain the unemployment rate estimation model, the analysis of the texts and data obtained reflect that The factors that generate the greatest repercussion are linked to the political and economic administration due to the mismanagement of resources in the wealth generated by the country itself and the people within its social environment
Gobernanza territorial para el desarrollo sostenible de Perú
Authors: Caldas Jara Ruth , Santa María Bessy Castillo , Castillo Palacios Freddy William
Published: April 2024

The objective of this article is to analyze territorial governance as a fundamental axis for the sustainable development of peoples, as well as the participation of the State, society and the business sector in the context of public policies. The research is conceived under the qualitative-interpretive approach supported by the theory based on the bibliographic review; The following steps were carried out: first, the delimitation and categorization of the research was carried out, and the central research question was formulated, in the second instance, the information search was carried out through indexed journals in recognized databases; Finally, the content of the article was developed under the interpretive paradigm. It is concluded that, in Peru, the efficiency in the implementation of public policies is still limited. Social programs have been implemented that have not contributed to social development, showing that public management needs to be flexible, creative and efficient, with the participation of local actors, and that development requires from these actors a vision of the future with modern thoughts that promote prospective practice and continuous learning.
ECTOPARASITES OF DOMESTIC PIGEONS (Columba livia domestica) IN DIYARBAKIR PROVINCE IN TÜRKIYE
Authors:   Dicle University Wildlife Rescue, Rehabilitation, Training, Practice and Research Center,   Diyarbakır, Türkiye, Ekinci Ayşe
Published: April 2024

Ectoparasitic diseases have been observed in studies that have negative effects, especially on the development of pigeons. This study was conducted to determine the ectoparasite species found in domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) in Diyarbakır city center. A total of 125 pigeons in Diyarbakır and its center were studied in terms of ectoparasites. It was determined that 66 (52.8%) of 125 pigeons examined during the study process in Diyarbakır were infested with various ectoparasite species at varying degrees. Columbicola columbae was found in 48% of the pigeons and Goniocotes bidentatus in 4.8%. One species was found in 60 (91%) of the infested pigeons and two species (C. Columbae + G.bidentatus) were found together in 6 (9%) of the infested pigeons.
Les métamorphoses du « Pays cathare ». D’un territoire marqué à un patrimoine labellisé
Authors: Fraysse Patrick , Châtelet Valentine , Couralet Sylvie
Published: April 2024

L’invention de la marque « Pays Cathare » au début des années 1990 intervient dans un territoire rural en déprise économique. L’objectif du département de l’Aude était triple : territorial, patrimonial et économique. Il s’agissait de diversifier les ressources touristiques en mettant en lumière les vieilles pierres de l’arrière-pays ; de professionnaliser l’accueil dans les sites patrimoniaux ; et de dynamiser un réseau de producteurs et une filière touristique. Aujourd’hui, après 30 ans de développement, la marque s’est réinventée et propose un réseau de sites bien équipés, une marque de destination touristique et une signature marketing pour des produits locaux et des hébergements. En hésitant entre marque et label, le « Pays Cathare » a également dû s’adapter à la demande de précision historique et archéologique qui rend le terme cathare difficile à exploiter. L’enquête menée auprès des acteurs du département de l’Aude (élus, agents de développement, médiateurs) a mis en lumière les enjeux de cette réinvention et de cet abandon progressif du terme cathare dans les discours et dans le projet de labellisation des châteaux au patrimoine mondial.
Le « Made in Jura » et Louis Pasteur. Un cas de mise en patrimoine durable et reliante
Authors: Parizot Anne , Michon David , Raichvarg Daniel
Published: April 2024

L’objectif de cette contribution est de proposer une réflexion globale pour la valorisation d’un territoire et la mise en patrimoine durable de ce qui constitue un point d’intérêt central, de façon à servir éventuellement de modélisation. Il s’agit d’étudier une stratégie de communication appliquée, des processus engagés à partir d’un territoire (le Jura), d’une marque territoriale (le « Made in Jura ») et d’un homme (Louis Pasteur) et de proposer des expériences ou stratégies nouvelles par la mise en abîme des objets, des lieux et des hommes pour mettre en scène l’identité d’un territoire.
Représentation (ré)créative des territoires. Les cas d’OnlyLyon et de la marque Bretagne
Authors: Bihay Thomas , Aubrun Frédéric
Published: April 2024

À travers l’étude des marques OnlyLyon et Bretagne, notre propos concerne les représentations territoriales diffusées dans des campagnes de marketing territorial au regard de l’idéologie créative. À partir d’analyses lexicale, thématique, sémiologique et de l’énonciation de supports de communication diffusés dans le cadre des campagnes « Choose Lyon, only Lyon » (2017 et 2018) et « Passez à l’Ouest » (2017 et 2019), les auteurs montrent comment elles participent à diffuser une représentation créative de leur territoire, mais aussi la manière dont elles s’inscrivent dans la continuité des discours des promoteurs des industries créatives.
La ville comme dispositif d’exposition : l’événement culturel au prisme de la cité. Le cas du festival d’animation d’Annecy
Authors: Butel Élise
Published: April 2024

Cette contribution interroge les propriétés sémiotiques d’un territoire dès lors qu’il est investi comme un dispositif d’exposition. En mobilisant le festival d’animation d’Annecy et sa version en ligne comme cas d’étude, on observe la manière dont la ville permet de fixer les modalités de communication entre une manifestation culturelle et ses visiteurs. L’objet de cette étude est donc de déterminer selon quels procédés les représentations de la ville d’Annecy et celles du festival d’animation se co-construisent. Il est montré en quoi la mobilisation du territoire comme dispositif d’exposition de l’événement influe sur le regard des participants et cadre leur relation au festival, dans quelle mesure la constitution de cette scénographie permet de fédérer une communauté de professionnels de l’industrie de l’animation.
Proceedings of the 2020 International IEMS Conference, March 15-17, 2020
Authors:   International Conference on Industry, Engineering, and Management Systems
Published: April 2024

This book features the proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference on Industry, Engineering and Management Systems (IEMS'20) held March 15-17, 2020 in Cocoa Beach, Florida. Proceedings includes 21 papers presented at the conference.
Using Six Sigma for energy conservation and energy efficiency improvement
Authors: Asmatulu Eylem , Ali Zaara , Habib Md Ahsan , Rahman Muhammad M.
Published: April 2024

Energy is the backbone of human activity. Energy consumption is increasing rapidly worldwide to sustain the modern way of living with all amenities. Energy, being an indisputable input, optimizing its utilization helps minimize the cost and environmental pollution. Many companies worldwide are continuing to achieve improvements in business performance using the Six Sigma methodology. Six Sigma is a generally recognized approach that focuses on optimizing an enterprise's organizational efficiency, management strategies, and systems by detecting and avoiding 'flaws' in processes relevant to production and services. By developing a Six Sigma methodology-based energy management plan, a company can simultaneously find a systematic way to reduce energy consumption and operating costs. This study discusses a six-sigma-based energy management planning procedure, focusing on five significant steps: define, measure, analyze, improve, and control. An overview of the standard energy-consuming equipment in manufacturing industries is provided. Different energy-saving opportunities are then investigated. Finally, this article presents case studies of varying energy conservation and efficiency projects that successfully implemented the Six Sigma methodology.
A multipurpose robotic glove designed to teach sign language through guided manual motions
Authors: Joshi Soham , Malik Raaghav
Published: April 2024

Projections show the numbers of deaf and deafblind individuals are quickly increasing, as both the number of deaf and blind individuals are expected to double within the next 50 years. Additionally, there is limited support for deafblind individuals, as they have little sensory access to the world. Most existing solutions are inadequate because they are either not portable, readily accessible or are very expensive. The goal of our project is to create a low cost, accessible solution for those with these disabilities: a portable device that utilizes the sense of touch to teach sign language, instead of conventional sign language learning methods that rely on sight. By doing this, a more immersive and personalized experience is created. The implementation of this solution is two-pronged: first, the physical portion of the solution is equipped with servo motors that control the pulling and release of a cord threaded through rings on the fingers that moves the user's hands into various sign language positions, which is closely modeled after human hand anatomy. Secondly, feasibility is determined for an AI algorithm to take in data from an external camera to efficiently add new signs to the glove, and also to track the user's sign language patterns and rate the user's accuracy with various signs. Through these mechanisms the user is engaged in learning new signs and expanding their sign language vocabulary, all without their sense of sight. We were successful in creating a working prototype analyzed through hand-tracking mechanisms, and achieving a 91-92% accuracy for the American Sign Language alphabet.
Enhancing an organization's output through re-engineering of administrative processes
Authors: Kanan Mohammad A.
Published: April 2024

This research implements a descriptive approach in preparing a theoretical framework for reengineering administrative processes. The objective of this work is to identify the administrative processes to be considered and to quantify the benefits of applying the re-engineering processes. A field study was performed to determine the feasibility of applying the proposed framework in companies operating in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study included a selected sample of projects from various service and manufacturing sectors. The results supported the need for re-engineering the administrative processes to help achieve tangible improvements in efficiency, productivity, and profitability.
Law enforcement's usage of business intelligence collaboration
Authors: Kramer Ellen S.
Published: April 2024

In recent years, current events have often coined the term "officials are gathering business intelligence." The purpose of this research paper is to gain an understanding of what business intelligence is and to investigate the collaborative usage of business intelligence within law enforcement. First, the varied and many definitions and scopes of business intelligence will be explored and explained, with particular relevancy to law enforcement. The paper will then provide an overview of collaborative business intelligence practices within law enforcement. The paper will support current research, which suggests that law enforcement in the United States are using some form of business intelligence to assist with their cases and reported crimes. For investigators, this translates into an increase in closed cases. The last part of the paper will focus on specific collaborative business intelligence tools that can be utilized by law enforcement. Numerous crimes are committed and linked to multiple locations and perpetrators. Collaboration tools can be used beneficially within departments and with outside agencies to identify patterns, trends, and relationships not normally discovered through individual analysis.
Consumer choice AHP using standard open source tools
Authors: Adams William J. L. , Stryker Judson P.
Published: April 2024

The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is an approach to multi-criteria decision analysis developed by Dr. Thomas Saaty et al. in the 1970's. The open source Python module pyanp is a library that can read in AHP/ANP models in various formats and perform the standard AHP/ANP theoretic calculations. Another open source library for performing AHP/ANP related calculations is anpjs, this one is written in JavaScript. In this research we extend both pyanp and anpjs to use Likert-type verbal votes for AHP pairwise comparison. We use a specially formatted Google Forms questionnaire to solicit participant pairwise preferences using our Likert-type scale, and tie that output to a Google sheet. We created Python and JavaScript libraries to convert the verbal votes into a standard numeric pairwise comparison matrix and sent that information on to the pyanp and anpjs libraries for use with calculations. We designed an AHP tree model for consumer choice of cell phones and created expert ratings for our cell phone choices with respect to the bottom level criteria of our model. We used that AHP tree model to design our Google Forms questionnaire so that the resulting spreadsheet could be parsed by pyanp and anpjs for analysis. Participants in the Google Forms questionnaire are dropped into a results mini application where they can explore how their preferences are shaped by the numerical meaning of the Likert voting scale. Additionally, we designed a Jupyter notebook for analyzing the results of all participants in this questionnaire using pyanp and matplotlib.
Can the production of subharmonics in vocalization be considered a form of self-organization?
Authors: Titze Ingo
Published: April 2024

Self-organization is the spontaneous formation of structures in space and/or time in systems composed of multiple components. Some form of overall order arises from local interactions between sub-system. The process occurs when sufficient energy is available in the system and nonlinearity exists in system components. No external control is needed. Unpredictable fluctuations in internal parameters, usually arising from nonlinearity, are amplified by positive feedback to bring about this organization. Chaos theory describes self-organization in terms of islands of predictability (attractors) in an otherwise unpredictable system.
Impacts of Climate Change on Vector-Borne Diseases of Animals and Humans with Special Emphasis on Afghanistan
Authors: Samadi Assadullah
Published: April 2024

Vectors are organisms that transmit pathogenic microorganisms among animals and humans. Infections transmitted by the bites of blood-sucking arthropods are called vector-borne diseases (VBDs). This review highlights the impacts of climate change on the distribution, seasonal variation, and socioeconomic effects of VBDs in affected countries, especially Afghanistan. There is good enough evidence indicating that recent climate change has affected the interaction of the vector-pathogen-host cycle in many parts of the world. The emergence and re-emergence of bluetongue virus (BTV), Rift Valley Fever (RVF), lumpy skin disease (LSD), West Nile Virus (WNV), and malaria in new areas previously considered free of the diseases, and shift of seasonal occurrence of many VBDs in endemic areas, are the clear examples of climate change impacts on VDBs. Although significant progress has been made regarding VBD surveillance systems, diagnostic capacity, vaccine development, and vector control programs in resource-rich countries, failure in adaptation programs and ineffective mitigation strategies against VBDs in developing countries, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Afghanistan facilitate widespread distribution of VBDs in these regions. Furthermore, developing drug resistance among the pathogens and their vectors makes the conditions more suitable for VBDs wide dispersion. Such situations cause severe health and socio-economic burdens to affected countries. Developing early-warning systems for detecting VBDs, identifying and developing resistant livestock species and breeds, and applying interceptive measures based on integrated research programs are crucial to effectively reduce the harmful impacts of VBDs on human and animal populations.
Analisis Kepuasan Penggunaan Aplikasi Pospay Menerapkan Metode TAM
Authors: Adityawan Rahmat , Gunawan Andini , Ginting Guidio Leonardo
Published: April 2024

The presence of the current era of globalization, revolution and industrial technology, we can see with the booming of applications that can facilitate various human activities. Many applications are currently emerging that play a role in almost every area of ​​human life, both in daily life and in the field of human work by offering various superior features, such as the pospay application. The Pospay application is a smartphone application with Android and iOS operating systems that is provided to customers as a digital channel to access Giropos services and other financial transaction services independently. However, until now there has not been an analysis to find out about the assessment of customer satisfaction from the use of the application. The method that can be used in assessing customer satisfaction is the concept of technology acceptance model (TAM) method. Therefore, this research is deemed necessary to find out about the customer satisfaction of the Pospay application using the TAM method.
El retorno a las aulas durante la pandemia por Covid-19: experiencias sobre las clases híbridas en el contexto de la educación superior mexicana.
Authors: Berzunza Criollo Milton Carlos , Tut Chan Carlos Eduardo , Garrido Ayala Suemy del Rosario , Estrella Moguel César Eduardo
Published: April 2024

El regreso a la escuela a través de las clases híbridas, después de más de año y medio, son un recurso que el Gobierno del Estado de Yucatán, México, implementó desde el segundo semestre de 2021 como una opción para el retorno seguro a las aulas en plena pandemia ocasionada por la Covid-19 y el confinamiento que ésta provocó para evitar contagios, por decisión de las autoridades. Este artículo recopila la percepción de este tipo de clases, de estudiantes de 5 licenciaturas una universidad pública en la ciudad de Valladolid, en el estado mencionado y se consideran las dimensiones: percepción domino de la modalidad de sus docentes, valoración de las clases híbridas, percepción sobre las clases como oportunidad de continuidad educativa, sobre la atención que tienen sus docentes al tener dos públicos y la influencia que esta modalidad ha tenido en su aprendizaje; para este estudio se administraron encuestas, por lo que la investigación tiene una orientación cuantitativa. Al final se expresan comentarios en general sobre las clases y se emiten recomendaciones para la mejora de este tipo de prácticas
Un Perfil de Competencias Digitales para la Andragogía bajo Modalidad a Distancia
Authors: Sarell Galarraga Juan Javier , Rodríguez Vieira María Gorety Isabel
Published: April 2024

En la sociedad del siglo XXI, hay una metamorfosis en los métodos de enseñanza debido a la aplicación de estas tecnologías. Esto ha llevado a los educadores a asumir la responsabilidad de guiar a los estudiantes en la adquisición de habilidades para sacar el máximo provecho de estas herramientas tecnológicas, utilizándolas de manera efectiva y eficiente. En este sentido, el objetivo fundamental de esta investigación se enmarca en diseñar un perfil integral de competencias digitales destinado al docente de andragogía en el ámbito de la educación universitaria bajo la modalidad a distancia. Se constituyeron como informantes clave un grupo de catorce (14) andragogos, con experiencia en la enseñanza universitaria a través de la modalidad de educación a distancia, adscritos a distintas universidades venezolanas. Se adoptó el paradigmático interpretativo, con un enfoque cualitativo-hermenéutico, en el cual se optó por una investigación de nivel exploratorio y descriptivo. Para guiar este proceso, se empleó el método de la teoría fundamentada. A partir de categorías apriorísticas, se procedió a interpretar cómo son clasificadas las competencias digitales para el facilitador en andragogía de educación universitaria de modalidad a distancia. Se concluyó que el perfil de las competencias digitales para los andragogos consultados son: navegación, búsqueda y filtrado de información, datos y contenidos digitales; evaluación de la información, datos y contenidos digitales; almacenamiento y recuperación de información, datos y contenidos digitales; interacción mediante las tecnologías digitales; compartir información y contenidos digitales; integración y reelaboración de contenidos digitales; resolución de problemas técnicos; e identificación de necesidades y respuestas.
Investigating the relationship between achievement motive and performance in elite-level football goalkeepers
Authors: Madsen Esben Elholm , Hansen Tina , Rafnsson Dadi , Krustrup Peter , Larsen Carsten Hvid , Elbe Anne-Marie
Published: April 2024

The goalkeeper position in football is highly specific. Investigating the achievement motive of elite-level goalkeepers might help football coaches in general, goalkeeping coaches, and sports psychologists to gain insight into and knowledge of the approaches needed for enhancing the performance of this unique position within the football team. This study aimed to examine the achievement motive for male goalkeepers playing at the elite level in Denmark (n = 34) and Iceland (n = 20) and to investigate the relationship between the achievement motive, age and performance. In addition to biographical questions, the study employed the Achievement Motives Scale – Sport. The findings from the present study suggest that goalkeepers are characterized by higher hope for success than fear of failure values, like other elite athletes, while younger goalkeepers had significantly higher fear of failure. There were no differences between starting and non-starting goalkeepers, but we found that performance level was associated with fear of failure when controlling for the goalkeeper’s status (starters versus non-starters) and playing country. Finally, goalkeepers playing in Denmark showed lower fear of failure than goalkeepers playing in Iceland. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Old housing estates in the housing market of a post-socialist city: The case of Budapest
Authors: Szabó Balázs
Published: April 2024

Housing estates were constructed by public authorities and private investors long before the era of large prefab housing estates. Their dwellings, like almost all flats, became privatised after 1989 in the postsocialist cities, thus they appeared in the housing market. The aim of this paper is to analyse their market position and to explore how their physical characteristics and residential environment influence the dwelling prices. It also examines the impact of the renovation of buildings with a special attention to its housing policy background.
Translations of portrait characteristics of the heroes of V.G. Korolenko's Siberian short stories into the Yakut language
Authors: Filippova Ayyana Alexsanovna , Basharina Zoya Konstantinovna
Published: April 2024

The object of the study is the Siberian stories of V.G. Korolenko. The subject of the study is the portrait characteristics of the heroes of V.G. Korolenko's Siberian short stories. The material for the study was the portrait characteristics of the heroes of V.G. Korolenko's Siberian short stories translated by N.E. Mordinov-Amma Achchygyya. His stories are rich material for research, since in them the portrait characteristics of the characters are presented very figuratively, using various expressive means (metaphors, comparisons, personifications, metonymies, hyperboles). The short stories "Makar's Dream", "Marusina Zaimka", "At-Davan" from the Yakut cycle of Siberian short stories were chosen for the study. The theoretical basis for the research is the works of G.N. Pospelov, A.B. Esin, L.S. Kulik, O.I. Ivanova, K.I. Platonova, I.S. Yemelyanov and others. The purpose of this work is to identify the features of the translation of portrait characteristics in the translation of Korolenko's literary texts from Russian into Yakut. The purpose of the work identified the following tasks: 1) to analyze the concept of "portrait characteristics"; 2) to make a solid selection of portrait characteristics from Siberian stories; 3) to consider the features of the translation of portrait characteristics when translated into the Yakut language. Descriptive and comparative methods were used to solve the research tasks. The material was collected using a continuous sampling method. The relevance of this study is due to the lack of scientific works in Yakut literary studies on the comprehensive study of portrait characteristics when translated into the Yakut language. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that in modern literary criticism, the transfer of portrait characteristics in the translation of literary texts remains still unexplored. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that it reveals for the first time the features of portrait characteristics when translated into the Yakut language. The practical significance of the research lies in the possibility of using its results in the analysis of other similar works and their translations. Also, the research materials can be used in universities of the humanities in the creation of textbooks, textbooks on translation practice for students of the philological department.
Interactive map of social and cultural space of the Russian regional capital of the late XVIII - the first third of the XIX century (based on the materials of Tambov).
Authors: Vorobeva Elizaveta Mikhailovna , Kanishchev Valery Vladimirovich
Published: April 2024

The object of the study is the social and cultural space of the city of Tambov in the late XVIII – the first third of the XIX century. The source base of the study consists of documents of several funds of the State Archive of the Tambov region, as well as plans of the city of Tambov in 1781, 1803, 1828 and 1832. The main goal of the study is to present the mechanism of creating an interactive map of the cultural space of the city of Tambov. In the research, in addition to classical historical methods, the systematization and analysis of statistical, record-keeping, cartographic and visual sources was carried out by using geo-information technologies. The main scientific result of the research was the samples of analyses of statistical and visual material of the interactive resource. The chosen platform made it possible to present the scientific results in the form of diagrams of the distribution of the share of different estates in separate quarters of the city, lists of demographic data on the population of Tambov; cards with reference historical data on the cultural heritage objects of the city. Specific results of the study include the determination of the number of quarters inhabited by these or those class groups, as well as the identification of whole groups of quarters marked by a noticeable homogeneity of the class composition of the population. The main methodological and technological result of the research is the provision of an efficient mechanism for analyzing urban space, systematization of data on its development and inhabitants, which can be available to a wide range of users. The information and technology of the proposed resource shows the possibilities of its use not only for research activities, but also for educational, excursion and museum work.
In memory of Igor Nikolaevich Kiselyov (03/15/1947 - 01/19/2024)
Authors: Garskova Irina Markovna , Bobrova Elena Viktorovna , Borodkin Leonid Iosifovich , Vladimirov Vladimir Nikolaevich
Published: April 2024

This memorial article is dedicated to the memory of Igor Nikolaevich Kiselyov, a man who did a lot in the field of informatization of historical science and archival business. Igor Nikolaevich started working as a quantifier historian, a specialist in the field related to the application of mathematical methods and computer technologies in historical research. He actively participated in research projects on historical demography and other areas of historical science, in 2002 for a series of works on the history of the Russian population in the 1930s, Yu.A. Polyakov, V.B. Zhiromskaya and I.N. Kiselyov were awarded the V.O. Klyuchevsky Prize of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In the 1990s, the main Igor Nikolaevich became interested in archival issues: issues of informatization of archival business, creation and analysis of online archival resources. Igor Nikolaevich was one of the leading experts in the field of historical informatics, was a member of the Council of the Association "History and Computer", conducted teaching work as an associate professor at the IAI of the Russian State University.    The article uses the memoirs of colleagues, materials of publications by I.N.Kiselyov in historical journals, in the journals "Domestic Archives" and "Archivist's Bulletin", "AIK Newsletter". as well as materials about his leadership in the development of the Concept and Program for the Informatization of Archival Affairs in Russia, the first version of the Archives of Russia portal, and participation in many archival information projects. The article highly appreciates the research work of I.N.Kiselyov and his scientific and organizational activities at the Rosarchive, where he headed departments related to informatization, the organization of research work of the Federal Archival Service of Russia and the introduction of automated archival technologies. Igor Nikolaevich was seriously engaged in both theoretical and methodological problems of archival science. Literally until the last day, Igor Nikolaevich conducted active scientific and organizational work in breakthrough areas of archival science. His latest article "On the use of artificial intelligence in text recognition" was published in the first issue of the VNIIDAD Bulletin posthumously, and a joint scientific report "The use of artificial intelligence in document management in archives: practice, trends and prospects" was presented by his colleagues after Igor Nikolaevich passed away.
La ficción de las primarias presidenciales en Bolivia
Authors: Vargas Gamboa Nataly Viviana
Published: April 2024

Objective/context: The system of presidential primaries was introduced into the Bolivian system in 2018 and was applied only once in 2019. This article aims to analyze the causes, characteristics, and effects of the compulsory and simultaneous primary system in Bolivia. Methodology: The characteristics of the party system, the method of selecting presidential candidates from 1982 to the present, the existing dynamics in the Legislature, the results of the 2019 primary elections, the current context, and regulations with a view to the 2025 general elections will be analyzed. Conclusions: This study shows that the presidential primaries were not on the agenda of the parties and were used by the ruling party to legitimize its presidential ticket. Therefore, using its legislative supermajority and control of other state organs, the primaries are introduced under the exclusive control of the leadership, which vertically decides whether they will be competitive or not. Originality: The detail and characteristics of this study offer a high degree of novelty and propose new elements for comparison and academic debate.
Disease modeling and pharmacological rescue of autosomal dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa associated with RHO copy number variation
Authors: Kandoi Sangeetha , Martinez Cassandra , Chen Kevin Xu , Reddy L Vinod K. , Mehine Miika , Mansfield Brian C. , Duncan Jacque L. , Lamba Deepak A.
Published: April 2024

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP), a heterogenous group of inherited retinal disorder causes slow progressive vision loss with no effective treatments available. Mutations in the rhodopsin gene (
RHO
), account for ∼25% cases of autosomal dominant RP (adRP). In this study, we describe the disease characteristics of the first ever reported mono-allelic copy number variation (CNV) in
RHO
as a novel cause of adRP. We (1) show advanced retinal degeneration in a male patient (60-70 year old) harboring four transcriptionally active intact copies of rhodopsin, (2) recapitulated the clinical phenotypes using retinal organoids, and (3) assessed the utilization of a small molecule, Photoregulin3 (PR3), as a clinically viable strategy to target and modify disease progression in RP patients associated with
RHO
-CNV. Patient retinal organoids showed photoreceptors dysgenesis, with rod photoreceptors displaying stunted outer segments with occasional elongated cilia-like projections (microscopy); increased
RHO
mRNA expression (qRT-PCR and bulk RNA-sequencing); and elevated levels and mislocalization of rhodopsin protein (RHO) within the cell body of rod photoreceptors (western blotting and immunohistochemistry) over the extended (300-days) culture time period when compared against control organoids. Lastly, we utilized PR3 to target
NR2E3
, an upstream regulator of
RHO
, to alter
RHO
expression and observed a partial rescue of RHO protein localization from the cell body to the inner/outer segments of rod photoreceptors in patient organoids. These results provide a proof-of-principle for personalized medicine and suggest that
RHO
expression requires precise control. Taken together, this study supports the clinical data indicating that adRP due to
RHO
-CNV develops due protein overexpression overloading the photoreceptor post-translational modification machinery.
Explaining the counter-intuitive effectiveness of trophectoderm biopsy for PGT-A using computational modelling
Authors: Skinner Benjamin M , Viotti Manuel ,   International Registry of Mosaic Embryo Transfers (IRMET), Griffin Darren K , Ellis Peter JI
Published: April 2024

Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) is one of the most controversial topics in reproductive medicine, with disagreements over the apparently contradictory results of randomised controlled trials, non-selection trials and outcome data analyses. Data from live birth outcomes largely suggest that fully euploid biopsies are associated with positive live birth rates, while fully aneuploid biopsies are not. However, the possible confounding effects of chromosomal mosaicism (when either the whole embryo, the biopsy result (or both) contain an admixture of euploid and aneuploid cells) is frequently cited as a reason why PGT-A should not be performed. Previous computer models have indicated that a mosaic result is a poor indicator of the level of mosaicism of the rest of the embryo, and it is thus unwise to use mosaic PGT-A results when selecting embryos for transfer. Here we developed a computational model,
tessera
, to create virtual embryos for biopsy, allowing us to vary the number of cells in the simulated embryo and biopsy, the proportion of aneuploid cells and the degree of juxtaposition of those cells. Analysis of approximately 1 million virtual embryos showed that “100% euploid” and “100% aneuploid” biopsy results are relatively accurate predictors of the remainder of the embryo, while mosaic biopsy results are poor predictors of the proportion of euploid and aneuploid cells in the rest of the embryo. Within mosaic embryos, ‘clumping’ of aneuploid cells further reduces the accuracy of biopsies in assaying the true aneuploidy level of any given embryo. Nonetheless - and somewhat counterintuitively - biopsy results can still be used with some confidence to rank embryos within a cohort. Our simulations help resolve the apparent paradox surrounding PGT-A: the biopsy result is poorly predictive of the absolute level of mosaicism of a single embryo, but may be applicable nonetheless in making clinical decisions on which embryos to transfer.
Astrocyte aquaporin mediates a tonic water efflux maintaining brain homeostasis
Authors: Pham Cuong , Komaki Yuji , Deàs-Just Anna , Le Gac Benjamin , Mouffle Christine , Franco Clara , Vialou Vincent , Tsurugizawa Tomokazu , Cauli Bruno , Li Dongdong
Published: April 2024

Brain water homeostasis provides not only physical protection, but also determines the diffusion of chemical molecules key for information processing and metabolic stability. As a major type of glia in brain parenchyma, astrocytes are the dominant cell type expressing aquaporin water channel. However, how astrocyte aquaporin contributes to brain water homeostasis in basal physiology remains to be understood. We report that astrocyte aquaporin 4 (AQP4) mediates a tonic water efflux in basal conditions. Acute inhibition of astrocyte AQP4 leads to intracellular water accumulation as optically resolved by fluorescence-translated imaging in acute brain slices, and
in vivo
by fiber photometry in moving mice. We then show that the tonic aquaporin water efflux maintains astrocyte volume equilibrium, astrocyte and neuron Ca
2+
signaling, and extracellular space remodeling during optogenetically induced cortical spreading depression. Using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI), we observed that
in vivo
inhibition of AQP4 water efflux heterogeneously disturbs brain water homeostasis in a region-dependent manner. Our data suggest that astrocyte aquaporin, though bidirectional in nature, mediates a tonic water outflow to sustain cellular and environmental equilibrium in brain parenchyma.Our brain is immersed, thus protected, in a water environment. It ensures intra- and extracellular molecular diffusion, which is vital for brain function and health. Brain water homeostasis is maintained by dynamic water transport between different cell types. Astrocytes are a main type of glial cell widely distributed in brain parenchyma, expressing the bidirectional aquaporin water channel. Here we show that in basal conditions, aquaporin channel mediates a tonic water efflux from astrocytes. This mechanism maintains astrocyte volume stability, activity-gated brain parenchyma remodeling and brain water homeostasis. Our finding sheds light on how astrocytes regulate water states in the brain, and will help to understand brain allostasis in specific life contexts.
Modeling Hereditary Diffuse Leukoencephalopathy with Axonal Spheroids using microglia-sufficient brain organoids
Authors: Wong Wei Jie , Zhu Yi Wen , Wang Hai Ting , Qian Jia Wen , Li Ziyi , Li Song , Liu Zhao Yuan , Guo Wei , Zhang Shuang Yan , Su Bing , He Fang Ping , Wang Kang , Ginhoux Florent
Published: April 2024

Hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids (HDLS) is a rare, fatal, adult-onset neurodegenerative disease that is most often caused by mutations affecting the Colony Stimulating factor-1 Receptor (CSF-1R). To understand how CSF-1R-mutation affects human microglia – the specialized brain-resident macrophages of the central nervous system – and the downstream consequences for neuronal cells, we used a macrophage and forebrain organoid co-culture system based on induced pluripotent stem cells generated from two patients with HDLS, with
CSF-1R
gene-corrected isogenic organoids as controls. Macrophages derived from iPSC (iMacs) of patients exhibited a metabolic shift towards the glycolytic pathway and reduced CSF-1 sensitivity, which was associated with higher levels of IL-1β production and an activated inflammatory phenotype. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that iMacs adopt a reactive state that leads to impaired regulation of neuronal cell populations in organoid cultures, thereby identifying microglial dysregulation and specifically IL-1β production as key contributors to the degenerative neuro-environment in HDLS.
Genomic Characterisation and Epidemiology of XBB Recombinant Variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Uttarakhand using Next Generation Sequencing: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Pal Shekhar , Rana Geetika , Singh Minakshi , Thaledi Shweta , Singhal Shweta , Kumar Manish
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Following the surge of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in late 2019, there was an 11-month period of relative evolutionary stability. However, since late 2020, SARS-CoV-2 evolution has been characterised by the emergence of mutation sets impacting virus characteristics like transmissibility and antigenicity, termed “variants of concern.” This shift likely responds to changing immune profiles within the human population. There is mounting evidence suggesting that post-vaccination serum is less effective in neutralising certain SARS-CoV-2 genotypes. XBB is a recombinant variant comprising sublineages BA.2.10.1 and BA.2.75 of the Omicron variant. Aim: To investigate the genomic characterisation and epidemiology of the XBB recombinant variant of SARS-CoV-2 in Uttarakhand, India. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Viral Research Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL Lab), Government Doon Medical College (GDMC), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. A total of 1,162 nasopharyngeal swabs received between September 2022 and February 2023 from various healthcare facilities were included for Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of coronavirus. NGS was performed and all results were forwarded to the Indian SARS-CoV-2 Genomics Consortium (INSACOG) and the Indian Biological Data Centre (IBDC) for variant determination. Data collection occurred from March to April 2023, with data analysis following from May to June 2023. Statistical analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel and Omnicalculator. Results: Among the 1,162 processed samples, 41 (3.53%) were identified as the XBB variant of Omicron. Within the XBB variants, XBB.2 was predominant 22 (53.7%). Maximum XBB samples (38, 92.7%) originated from District Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 has been evolving and advancing with each new variant coming across. As XBB is impacting both previously infected individuals and those vaccinated, there is an imperative to develop new and efficacious vaccines against circulating variants to reduce associated risks of morbidity and mortality
О важности Маргиналий
Authors: Казбекова Елена Валерьевна
Published: April 2024

Быстрый процесс оцифровки рукописных собраний, с одной стороны, и неурегулированность вопросов, связанных с авторским правом - с другой, привели к складыванию непредставимой ранее ситуации, когда источники стали доступнее, чем посвященная им историография. Развитие программ по распознаванию текста, возможно, в обозримом будущем сделает значительную часть работы по чтению и транскрибированию рукописей задачей компьютера. Все это может привести к необходимости сдвига акцентов в преподавании палеографии с чтения на общее ориентирование в рукописи и грамоте - на кодикологию и дипломатику. А.И. Сидоров и И.С. Филиппов в статье «Маргиналии в средневековых рукописях: Новые возможности источниковедения» предлагают относить к маргиналиям дорсальные записи, т.е. пометы на оборотах грамот. Такое соединение грамот и письменных источников, имеющих форму кодексов, представляется спорным.
Fulminant Hepatitis Secondary to Anti-tuberculosis Drug-induced Hepatotoxicity Complication, Its Prevention Strategies and Management: A Case Report
Authors: Fjouji Salaheddine , Houba Abdelhafid , Chouikh Chakib , Rahali Imad , Bakkali Hicham , Doghmi Nawfal , Balkhi Hicham
Published: April 2024

Aim: Tuberculosis remains a public health problem around the world. Hepatotoxicity is a serious side effect of anti-tuberculosis treatment. Fulminant hepatitis is a rare form but considered very serious outside of liver transplantation. It can occur several weeks or months after the start of treatment.

Presentation of Case: We report the case of a 34-year-old single male patient treated for pleural tuberculosis in whom fulminant hepatitis appeared after four months of treatment with Isoniazid and Rifampicin. Despite a treatment in intensive care unit He had a fatal outcome because of lack of liver transplantation.

Discussion: Hepatotoxicity varies from biological hepatitis to fulminant hepatitis. Application of personalized strategy of genetic analysis and pharmacological drug monitoring to optimize treatment is the most safe to avoid antituberculosis drug induced hepatotoxicity but not available in all healthcare centers of developing countries. There was any change of anti-tuberculosis protocol because of the risk of bacterial resistance. The protocol includes association between several medicines potentially toxics for a long duration. For some moderate forms of   tuberculosis (nodals, pleural), it’s necessary to ask if duration of antiviotherapy can be reduced.

Conclusion: Prevention of hepatotoxicity starts with identifying risk factors, regular clinical and biological assessment and informing patients of symptom that can indicate toxicity to react early.
Bio-efficacy of Herbicides on Weed Density, Weed Control Efficiency, Productivity and Groundnut Quality in Coastal Zone of Karnataka under Rice-Groundnut System
Authors: Narwal Kunal , Yenagi B. S.
Published: April 2024

A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Kumta, Uttara Kannada district during the rabi-summer season of 2016-17 to investigate the Bio-efficacy of herbicides on weed density, weed control efficiency, productivity and groundnut quality in coastal zone of Karnataka under rice-groundnut system. The experiment followed a RBD with nine treatments out of which six treatments involved the pre-emergence application of herbicides followed by either hand weeding or early post-emergence application, along with control treatments. The results indicated that the pre-emergence application of pendimethalin 30% E.C. (1.5 kg ha-1), followed by one hand weeding at 25 days after sowing (DAS), resulted in significantly reduced total weed density and weed dry matter. This treatment also demonstrated higher weed control efficiency and lower weed index. Moreover, it led to increased pod yield, kernel yield and improved quality of groundnut compared to other treatments.