bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spacial Discourse on Boundary between Life and Death in Romanian Folk Tales
Authors:   East European and Balkan Institute, Baek Seung Nam
Published: December 2024

In Romania folk tales and oral stories have become one of favorite genres of literature through recording and publications and they have inspired Romanian literature. Several versions has developed depending on regional preferences. In crowd areas the stories, which tells about kingdom, king and crown prince, have become very colorful. Romania is geographically mountainous country, so the woods became holy area of sorceries, perils and challenges. In Romanian folk tales and oral stories, heroes find grand causes and initiate themselves into another world, do great achievements and get back home. Intermediate area between life and death originated from old Dacian concept of death. Different regions have different versions of folk tales and oral stories, which is mainly about the journey from area of the living to holy area of the dead. Protagonist Fat-Frumos, third prince(Harap alb & Praslea) and third princess achieve their goals, do enterprises on behalf of others and enter into holy space to correct their errors. They choose their eligible horses and beat the troublesome antagonists. Finally they initiate themselves into boundary between life and death(lumea de dincolo or celalalt taram). They achieve their goals and mature themselves, finish their jobs on the request of others and come back home. Intermediate area, boundary between life and death(lumea de dincolo or celalalt taram) means other dimensions over the space of the living, the area of the dead and the boundary space between two worlds. The hero who makes expedition is dauntless to cross the line between life and death. That area is the space of maturation, achievement and easy return.
That is not distant, rural, calm and scenic place of various flowers where the chief evils and everlasting fire exist, That is the place where people forget about their beloved ones and companions and there is no sympathies on others and the weight of life It also demands Kairos which is different from real world.
Konstruksi Kabinet Presidensial yang Profesional dan Bebas dari Monopoli Partai Politik: Peluang dan Tantangan Kabinet Merah Putih
Authors: Muhshi Adam , Yunita Fenny Tria
Published: December 2024

Kabinet Presidensial dicirikan sebagai kabinet yang lebih kuat dan stabil dibandingkan kabinet parlementer. Sifat unitary executive yang dimiliki presiden di negara yang menganut sistem presidensial seperti Indonesia menempatkan presiden sebagai pemegang keputusan tertinggi di negara yang tidak dapat digantikan oleh kekuasaan manapun, khususnya dalam hal pengangkatan menteri. Tidak seperti kabinet parlementer yang bernuansa partai politik, kabinet presidensial lebih mereprentasikan independensi dan kekuasaan presiden yang kuat. Namun dalam kenyatannya penunjukan menteri selalu sarat akan kesepakatan politik presiden dan partai koalisi pendukungnya. Akibatnya pengisian kursi menteri lebih didasarkan pada kepentingan daripada kapasitas dan integritas. Implikasi lain adalah rentannya terbentuk monopoli partai politik tertentu dalam tubuh kabinet yang dapat mengganggu stabilitas pemerintahan. Paper ini akan memfokuskan pembahasan pada dua poin utama. Pertama, upaya konstruksi kabinet Presidensial yang kuat dan profesional. Kedua, upaya meminimalisir dominasi partai politik tertentu dalam tubuh kabinet. Melalui pendekatan konseptual-teoritis yang dielaborasikan dengan studi komparasi dengan beberapa negara seperti Amerika Serikat, Kanada dan Jerman, dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk membangun kabinet presidensial yang kuat dapat dilakukan melalui penguatan sistem meritokrasi dalam proses seleksi menteri, sedangkan untuk meminimalisir monopoli partai dalam kabinet dapat dibentuk zaken cabinet yang lebih seimbang dan netral.
Change in Shape Using a Combination of High Gradient and Uniform Layer Cut
Authors: Guk Hye Ran
Published: December 2024

Purpose: To observe the effect of using a combination of high gradient and uniform layer cuts on changes in the shape line according to length, head area division, and slice line and to provide meaningful baseline data for systematic haircut education by demonstrating different cut designs.Methods: The upper part of the hair was cut in a gradient fashion at an angle of 75° with A, parallel, and V slice lines. The lower part of the hair was uniformly layer cut at a head angle of 90°. The cut starting points were 10, 15, and 20 cm from the nape point for A, parallel, and V slice lines, respectively.Results: The hair length was shorter with higher head area division points and longer with lower head area division points. Haircut with A-line gave the appearance of calm and thin due to the longer hair length, with V-line gave the appearance of cute and sporty due to the shorter hair length, and with parallel lines gave the appearance of monotonous due to straight form. The uniform layer cut did not give the features of rhythm, dynamic, or weight lines. The high gradient cut was characterized by smoothness, alignment, rough texture, and layered hair with weight lines. In order to obtain the light texture of the uniform layer, the length of 10 cm was the most ideal.Conclusion: For the A-line cut, hair length was longer as it approached the face line, resulting in increased volume, weight, and expansion. For the V-line cut, the hair length became shorter as it was near the face line, and vividness, youthfulness, and cuteness were noted. The combing style and posture are more important than the cutting procedure. In particular, the protruding top and golden points should be delicately cut to ensure a natural cut line. In case of a round-shaped head, a haircut could effectively give an illusion of shortened top length while making the face look longer. For a long-shaped head, expanding the sides and providing texture is effective because the weight line is at the point where the head is flat; i.e., the ear and back points, and can compensate for the disadvantages. The division of the head area must be placed at the golden point to ensure that the uniform layer below is effective.
HPLC Analysis of Achyranthes fauriei and Comparison of Curves for 20-Hydroxyecdysone and 25S-Inokosterone
Authors: Lee Joon Han , Kim Do Hyeong , Ahn Jin Jung , Yang Byung wook
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of Achyranthes fauriei as a functional ingredient by analyzing its physiological activity and identifying its main components.Methods: Radical scavenging activity was analyzed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assays. Total polyphenol and flavonoid content in A. fauriei root extracts were measured. The concentrations of each component in the samples were measured by HPLC. For quantitative analysis, the standard substances, 20-hydroxyecdysone and 25S-inokosterone, were used to compare and analyze the calibration of these two compounds.Results: The DPPH radical scavenging activity of Achyranthes fauriei root extracts was increased in the order AFR-100 E>AFR-50 E>AFR-D.W., based on their concentration. The ABTS assay revealed an increase in the order AFR-50 E>AFR-100 E>AFR-D.W., based on concentration. The total polyphenol content was in the order AFR-100 E>AFR-50 E>AFR-D.W.; total flavonoid content followed the same trend. HPLC analysis revealed that 20-hydroxyecdysone had the highest concentration in the AFR-50 E sample, whereas 25S-inokosterone had the highest concentration in the AFR-100 E sample.Conclusion: Based on in vitro studies of the A. fauriei root, a calibration analysis of 20-hydroxyecdysone and 25S-inokosterone revealed very high correlation coefficients, indicating a strong linear relationship as concentration increased, with a significant increase in flavonoid content. The results indicate that A. fauriei root contains a high number of flavonoids, which are natural compounds exhibiting excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. We also established a robust quantitative analysis method for A. fauriei.
Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and skin-aging Enzymes Inhibition potential of Asystasia vogeliana leaf n-hexane Extract and its Dechlorophyllized Equivalent
Authors: Makinde Boluwaji  Ibukunoluwa , Godwin Anyim , Akinpelu Bolajoko Ayinke
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The study investigated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, photoprotective and skin-aging retardation activities of Asystasia vogeliana leaf n-hexane extract (AVHE) and its dechlorophyllized equivalent (DAVHE).Methods: The total phenolics, flavonoids, vitamin A and vitamin E contents of the extracts were quantified. Antioxidant (DPPH scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power, total antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation and metal chelating inhibition), anti-inflammatory (lipoxygenase, trypsin and protein denaturation inhibition), photoprotective (SPF and UV blocking) and skin-aging enzymes (collagenase and tyrosinase inhibition) activities were evaluated using standard methods. The components of the most potent extract were identified via GC-MS technique.Results: AVHE and DAVHE possess slight concentrations of total phenolics (9.89±0.21 mg GAE/g and 1.43±0.08 mg GAE/g),and flavonoids (0.68±0.00 mg GAE/g, 2.13±0.00 mg GAE/g); AVHE exhibited significantly higher vitamin A and E content (87.29±0.84 mg RE/g, 12.04±0.11 mgTE/g) than DAVHE (41.29±0.74 mgRE/g, 7.31±0.82 mg TE/g). Both extracts showed moderate antioxidant activity. AVHE demonstrated higher trypsin inhibition (81.44%±0.83), protein denaturation inhibition (62.07%±0.00) and lipoxygenase inhibition (IC50=0.458±0.041 mg/ml). Both extract had similar collagenase and tyrosinase inhibitory activities. AVHE showed a significantly higher sun photoprotective activity (46.35±0.55) than DAVHE (28.92±5.13) and a commercial sunscreen (11.65±0.01). GC-MS analysis identified major constituents in AVHE, including 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, (Z,Z,Z); n-hexadecanoic acid; 1-octadecyne and phytol.Conclusion: A. vogeliana leaf n-hexane extract is a promising candidate for skin care formulation. However, dechlorophyllization slightly reduces its efficacy.
Clinical Study on Skin of Layered Emulsion Containing Scutellaria baicalensis Root Extract
Authors: Choy Yoon-Jung , Kim Gyu-Ri
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The skin, particularly the stratum corneum, plays a crucial role in protection and moisture retention. Scutellaria baicalensis, well-known for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, was studied for its potential to alleviate itch associated with atopic skin.Methods: A lamellar structured emulsion containing Scutellaria baicalensis root extract was prepared and tested on 21 adults. Participants applied the emulsion twice daily for 4 weeks. Skin surface moisture, tran-sepidermal water loss (TEWL), and itch severity were measured at baseline, after 2 weeks, and after 4 weeks using Corneometer CM825, Tewameter® TM 300, and visual analog scale (VAS), respec-tively. Adverse reactions were monitored. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics 26.Results: Itch severity decreased significantly (6.86 to 2.81, p<0.001). No adverse reactions were reported.Conclusions: The emulsion significantly improved skin hydration, reduced TEWL, and alleviated itch, indicating its potential for enhancing skin barrier function and addressing dermatological concerns.
Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-aging Effects of Hawaiian Sandalwood (Santalum paniculatum) Essential Oil as a Cosmetic Ingredient
Authors: Shin So Young , Park Seokmuk , Liu Bo
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the anti-oxidant and anti-aging properties of Hawaiian Sandalwood (Santalum paniculatum) essential oil (HSEO) to investigate its potential as a functional cosmetic ingredient.Methods: The antioxidant components of HSEO were quantified with the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content assays. Its antioxidant efficacy was further evaluated through the 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays. An in vitro experiment was conducted on CCD-986sk cells, focusing on its ability to inhibit collagen degradation, to assess its anti-aging effect.Results: HSEO contained 1.703±0.050 mg of GAE/g of polyphenols and 0.291±0.017 mg of QE/g of flavonoids. These abundant natural anti-oxidant compounds endowed HSEO with notable radical scavenging activities, as evidenced by its 92.2%±0.6% DPPH and 99.8%±0.1% ABTS radical scavenging activities at a 1 mg/mL concentration. Additionally, ultraviolet B (20 mJ/cm2) irradiation reduced collagen levels in CCD-986sk cells to 38.42%±1.17%. However, HSEO cotreatment at 3.125, 6.25, and 12.5 ng/mL concentrations restored collagen levels to 58.32%±2.36%, 77.50%±0.60%, and 98.77%±1.38%, respectively, exhibiting its significant anti-aging potential.Conclusion: These results indicate that HSEO possesses significant anti-oxidant and anti-aging properties, supporting its potential as an effective functional cosmetic ingredient.
A Study on the Antimicrobial Synergies of Alternative Preservatives and Chelating Agents
Authors: Sim Min Seok , Yang Hyun Gab , Lee Ju Kyeong , Baek Sol Bee , Kim Bong Jun , Cho Yeong Jin , Cho Hang-Eui
Published: December 2024

Purpose: To minimize the use of preservatives in cosmetics, the cosmetic industry has attempted to use alternative preservatives that can function as skin conditioning agents and possess antimicrobial effects. In this study, the antimicrobial synergistic effects of 1,2-hexanediol, ethylhexylglycerin, and caprylyl glycol, which are used as alternative preservatives in cosmetics, with various chelating agents were investigated.Methods: Changes in the antimicrobial activity of the preservatives against gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, and yeast were examined. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of these agents when used alone were confirmed, and the synergistic effects were confirmed by combining alternative preservatives and chelating agents through a checkerboard assay.Results: The MIC and MBC results confirmed the antimicrobial effects exerted by the alternative preservatives on all strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans) at concentrations of ≤2%. The chelating agent exhibited excellent MIC results with 0.06% disodium EDTA and 0.03% tetrasodium EDTA in S.aureus and a relatively high MBC was observed with tetrasodium EDTA 0.25%. The checkerboard assay results demonstrated a synergistic effect against all strains, and the combination of ethylhexylglycerin and tetrasodium EDTA was determined to be easy to control all strains at concentrations that were 2–25 times lower than that of ethylhexylglycerin alone.Conclusion: Antimicrobial synergistic effects were confirmed for combinations of three alternative preservatives and six chelating agents. The selective use of alternative preservatives and appropriate chelating agents can reduce the amount of alternative preservatives used which could benefit the cosmetic industry in terms of reducing skin irritation and stability.
Choque cardiogénico e hiperlactacidemia en una paciente con Shoshin Beriberi, en un hospital general de Lima, Perú. Reporte de caso
Authors: Zegarra Piérola Jaime Wilfredo , Cornejo Valdivia Carla Cornejo Valdivia , Sante Farfán Giancarlo , Callo Rodrigo Diana , Lévano Díaz Lady , Sotelo Olivera María , Beramendi Torres Yessenia , Mezones Vega Melisa
Published: December 2024

El Shoshin Beriberi es una enfermedad generada por la deficiencia de tiamina y se caracteriza por disfunción cardiaca aguda fulminante. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 22 años, con historia de anorexia nerviosa, tuberculosis multisistémica; con dolor abdominal, vómitos, intolerancia oral, ayuno prolongado, recibió nutrición parenteral total sin aporte de tiamina y estuvo hospitalizada 40 días en sala de hospitalización general. Ingreso a la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) en choque cardiogénico e hiperlactacidemia con, lactato sérico 13,8 mmol/l, sin evidencia de sepsis, de evento vascular agudo y con choque cardiogénico refractario al uso de noradrenalina, vasopresina y dobutamina, se consideró el diagnóstico de Shoshin beriberi y se administró 300 mg de tiamina endovenoso, con rápida respuesta, logrando la estabilización hemodinámica y cardiopulmonar, con posterior alta de UCI y del hospital.
Características clínicas y urodinámicas de los pacientes varones con detrusor hipoactivo y con obstrucción a la salida de la vejiga
Authors: Medina Ninacóndor Raúl  Pastor , Melgarejo Zevallos Weymar , Medina Ninacondor Patricia Medina Ninacondor , Melgarejo Anamaría Claudia , Huayanay Falconi Leandro , Loza-Munarriz César , Cadenillas Coronel Emma
Published: December 2024

RESUMEN
Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas y de las variables urodinámicas en hombres con detrusor hipoactivo (DU) y con obstrucción a la salida de la vejiga (BOO). Material y métodos: Estudio tipo serie de casos, retrospectivo, de corte transversal y exploratorio entre dos grupos de pacientes masculinos con síntomas del tracto urinario inferior (STUI). Grupo 1 pacientes sin BOO o inequívoco en el nomograma de la International Continence Society (ICS), pero con diagnóstico de DU en el nomograma de Schäfer y grupo 2, pacientes con BOO en el nomograma de la ICS. Se aplicó un modelo de regresión logística para identificar las variables que predicen en forma independiente al DU. Resultados: Se incluyeron 95 pacientes, 36 con DU en el Grupo 1 y 59 con BOO en el Grupo 2, no hubo diferencia en edad y frecuencia de síntomas (IPSS) entre ambos grupos. La edad ≥ 56 años se relacionó con la ausencia de DU [OR: 0,03 (0,01 – 0,26); p = 0,001], mientras que la DM [OR: 4,84 (1,21 – 19,34); p = 0,025] y el DHIC [OR: 24,093 (6,66 – 87,10); p = 0,025] se relacionaron con la presencia de DU. Entre las variables urodinámicas, las que mejor identificaron la presencia de DU fueron; el WF ≤ 7 [OR: 23,10 (5,52 -96,67); p = 0,001] y el BCI ≤ 99 [OR: 6,93 (1,92 – 24,90); p = 0,003]. Conclusión: Las variables urodinámicas WF ≤ 7 y BCI ≤ 99 fueron las que mejor describieron la presencia de DU.
Puérpera con dengue grave. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Maguiña Vargas Ciro , Cabrera Pajares Sonia , Michel Espinal-Ramirez Michel
Published: December 2024

El dengue es una enfermedad endémica en muchas zonas a nivel mundial. Cuando afecta a las gestantes es de grave riesgo para la madre y para el feto. Se presenta el caso de una primigesta de 36 años, de 39 semanas, sin antecedentes médico-quirúrgicos de importancia, que ingresó a un centro de salud privado en inicio de trabajo de parto; dos días antes había tenido fiebre autolimitada, presentó un parto distócico con fase latente prolongada; posteriormente, presentó atonía uterina persistente con sangrado importante, refractaria a tratamiento habitual, por lo que se realizó a una histerectomía. En el postoperatorio inmediato presentó además preeclampsia severa, oliguria, shock hipovolémico, ingresando a Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Ante la persistencia de la trombocitopenia y procalcitonina negativa, se sospechó dengue, confirmándose con las pruebas de NS1 IgM positivo y Elisa IgM para dengue; en la evolución presentó poliserositis y hepatomegalia. Posteriormente, fue dada de alta en buenas condiciones.
Factores pronósticos asociados a la sobrevida de pacientes en hemodiálisis
Authors: Tapia Zerpa Carlos Enrique , Loza Munarriz César Antonio
Published: December 2024

Objetivos: Determinar la sobrevida general de la población en hemodiálisis y los factores pronósticos asociados. Material y métodos: Estudio de cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes que ingresaron al programa de hemodiálisis crónica del Centro Nacional de Salud Renal de EsSALUD entre 1994 y 2014. Se incluyeron 1 789 pacientes. Los datos fueron obtenidos del SIG versión 2.0 que almacena los datos de los pacientes desde su creación en 1994. Se estudió la sobrevida de toda la cohorte y los factores pronósticos asociados a ella. Resultados: Se evaluaron 1 789 pacientes, con una edad promedio de 49,7 ± 17,4 años, 779 (43,5%) pacientes fueron de sexo femenino; 393 (22%) de etiología diabética y 592 (33,2%) fueron hipertensos; 1 408 (83%) pacientes ingresaron con fístula Arteriovenosa. Ciento cuarenta y siete (8,16%) pacientes ingresaron con serología positiva para el virus de hepatitis C (VHC); 999 (55,84%) pacientes ingresaron en la década de 1994 al 2003 y 790 (44,16%) en la década del 2003 al 2014. La sobrevida de la cohorte estudiada no varió según el sexo, etiología hipertensiva, serología al ingreso al programa de hemodiálisis crónica para el VHC o década de ingreso. En el análisis multivariado los factores pronósticos que independientemente se relacionaron con menor sobrevida de los pacientes en hemodiálisis crónica fueron: el grupo etario mayor de 50 años [HR: 3,72 (IC95%: 3,07 – 4,50) p = 0,000] y el uso de catéteres al ingreso al programa de hemodiálisis crónica [HR: 1,37 (IC95%: 1,07 – 1,76): p = 0,010]. Conclusiones: La sobrevida no varió según la década de ingreso al programa de hemodiálisis crónica, mientras que la edad avanzada y el uso de catéteres se asociaron a menor sobrevida de la cohorte estudiada en un periodo de seguimiento de 20 años.
Relasi Kuasa Dalam Menentukan Praktik KB Vasektomi Di Situbondo
Authors: Zakiyah P. Divya Fitrotulaziiz , Ariadi Septi , Suyanto Bagong
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini berlatar belakang dari Program Keluarga Berencana (KB) yang umumnya diikuti oleh perempuan kini juga dapat melibatkan laki-laki melalui metode vasektomi atau Metode Operasi Laki-laki (MOP). Partisipasi laki-laki sebagai akseptor ini menunjukkan bahwa peran mereka sama pentingnya dengan perempuan dalam mendukung keberhasilan program KB pemerintah Situbondo, yang memiliki angka tertinggi peserta vasektomi di Jawa Timur, menjadi wilayah yang relevan untuk diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dinamika relasi kuasa terkait penetapan KB vasektomi di Kabupaten Situbondo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif menggunakan wawancara mendalam agar berhasil mengungkap seluruh informasi dengan deskripsi analisis yang detail dan purposive sebagai metode penentuan informan. Penelitian ini menemukan penentuan praktik KB vasektomi di Kabupaten Situbondo dalam pengembangan Teori Michel Foucault. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa relasi kuasa dalam penentuan praktik KB vasektomi merupakan hasil interaksi yang dinamis antara berbagai bentuk kuasa, meliputi pengetahuan yang disebarkan oleh lembaga kesehatan, pertimbangan ekonomi, dan dinamika kuasa dalam relasi sosial.
Transformative strategies in photocatalyst design: merging computational methods and deep learning
Authors: Liu Jianqiao , Liang Liqian , Su Boru , Wu Di , Zhang Yuequ , Wu Jianzhao , Fu Ce
Published: December 2024

Photocatalysis is a unique technology that harnesses solar energy through in-situ processes, operating without the need for external energy inputs. It is integral to advancing environmental, energy, chemical, and carbon-neutral objectives, promoting the dual goals of pollution control and carbon reduction. However, the conventional approach to photocatalyst design faces challenges such as inefficiency, high costs, and low success rates, highlighting the need for integrating modern technologies and seeking new paradigms. Here, we demonstrate a comprehensive overview of transformative strategies in photocatalyst design, combining computational materials science with deep learning technologies. The review covers the fundamental principles of photocatalyst design, followed by a comprehensive examination of computational methods and the workflow for deep-learning-assisted design. Deep learning approaches are extensively reviewed, focusing on the discovery of novel photocatalysts, microstructure design, property optimization, novel design approaches, application exploration, and mechanistic insights into photocatalysis. Finally, we highlight the synergy between multidimensional computation and deep learning, while discussing the challenges and future directions in photocatalyst development. This review offers a comprehensive summary of deep-learning-assisted photocatalyst design, offering transformative insights that not only enhance the development of photocatalytic technologies but also expand the practical applications of photocatalysis in various domains.
Os livros de matrícula do Segundo Grupo Escolar de Campinas (1912-1920): fontes de pesquisa à história da educação
Authors: Ramos Géssica Priscila
Published: December 2024

Este texto se constituiu em pesquisa documental e apresenta os Livros de Matrícula da seção masculina e feminina do Segundo Grupo Escolar de Campinas, SP, de 1912 a 1920, indicando suas possíveis contribuições para pesquisas em história da educação. Tais Livros eram um dos documentos de escrituração exigidos legalmente dos Grupos Escolares do Estado de São Paulo pela Secretaria de Estado dos Negócios do Interior. Neles, ficavam registrados anualmente os dados das matrículas de alunos e alunas da época, bem como informações sobre nacionalidade e filiação das crianças, profissão e nacionalidade dos responsáveis pela matrícula, bem como endereço residencial, dentre outras informações. Constitui-se, portanto, em um um riquíssimo material para pesquisas em história da educação, especialmente, de estudos sobre a história do ensino primário no estado.
Prevalence of behavioral risk factors among Ukrainians during war amid existing stress factors
Authors: Kolesnikova Olena , Vysotska Olena , Radchenko Anastasiia , Zaprovalna Olga , Emelyanova Nataliya
Published: December 2024

Background: Military conflicts and associated stress often lead to lifestyle changes. Unhealthy behaviors play a pivotal role in the development of cardiovascular risk factors and are potentially reversible. However, data on this topic remain scarce and outdated. Therefore, the objective of our study was to assess the prevalence of behavioral risk factors (BRFs) among Ukrainians, taking into account the presence of potential stress factors. Methods: From January to August 2023, we conducted a survey involving 196 Ukrainians. We used a proprietary questionnaire to determine their health status and evaluate behavioral, socio-economic, and cultural factors. Results: Sleep disturbances were reported by 72.4% of respondents, while 55.6% noted a reduction in physical activity. Dietary issues were reported by 34.7%, with 22.4% experiencing weight gain and 36.2% reporting weight loss. In addition, 13.3% and 16.8% indicated increased smoking and alcohol consumption, respectively. We provided an overview of the stress factors affecting these BRFs. Furthermore, we identified differences in the prevalence of BRFs based on indicators such as reduced quality of life, social maladjustment, work-related factors, and traumatic experiences. Finally, we offered recommendations for a screening strategy for BRFs. Conclusions: In wartime conditions, civilians often exhibit BRFs such as sleep disorders, dietary disturbances, decreased physical activity, increased smoking, and alcohol abuse. Specific stress factors contribute to the emergence and exacerbation of these behaviors. Screening programs should be developed with consideration of the identified stressors.
Aging as a Loss of Goal-Directedness: An Evolutionary Simulation
Authors: Pio-Lopez Léo , Hartl Benedikt , Levin Michael
Published: December 2024

Aging is an extensive biological process characterized by morphological and functional alterations in cellular and extracellular components, resulting in a systematic decline in biological functions ultimately leading to death. Although substantial advancements have been made in manipulating lifespan in model organisms like C. elegans and mice through genetic, dietary, and pharmacological means, the fundamental mechanisms driving aging in humans remain elusive and widely debated. In addition, there is no comprehensive computa- tional platform capable of making predictions on aging in multicellular systems and integrating the multiscale competency of lifeforms. We propose an evolutionary hypothesis: aging arises because evolution has priori- tized development, only to a limited extent incorporating a regenerative program beyond adulthood. Using a cybernetic tissue model and information dynamics analysis, we find: (1) Absence of Long-Term Morphostasis: Aging emerges naturally after development due to the lack of an evolved regenerative goal, rather than just specific detrimental properties of developmental programs (e.g., antagonistic pleiotropy or hyperfunction); (2) Acceleration Factors vs. Root Cause: Cellular noise, reduced competency, communication failures, and genetic damage all accelerate aging but are not its primary cause; (3) Information Dynamics in Aging: Aging correlates with increased active information storage and transfer entropy, while spatial entropy measures dis- tinguish two dynamics—loss of structure and morphological noise accumulation; (4) Dormant Regenerative Potential: Despite organ loss, spatial information persists in the cybernetic tissue, indicating a memory of lost structures, which can be reactivated for organ restoration through targeted regenerative information; and (5) Optimized Regeneration Strategies: Restoration is most efficient when regenerative information includes dif- ferential patterns of affected cells and their neighboring tissue, highlighting strategies for rejuvenation. These findings provide a novel perspective on aging dynamics with significant implications for longevity research and regenerative medicine.
Conformation and Membrane Topology of the N-Terminal Ectodomain of Influenza a M2 Protein
Authors: Roepke Kyra , Howard Kathleen P.
Published: December 2024

The N-terminal ectodomain of the influenza A M2 protein is a target for universal influenza vaccine development and novel antiviral strategies. Despite the significance of this domain, it is poorly understood and most structural studies of the M2 protein have disregarded the N-terminal ectodomain in their analyses. Here we report conformational properties and insight into membrane topology of sites along the N-terminal ectodomain. Full-length M2 protein is embedded in lipid bilayer nanodiscs and studied using site-directed spin labeling electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results are consistent with a turn in the middle of the ectodomain that changes in proximity to the membrane surface upon the addition of cholesterol or drug. Similar to other domains of M2 protein, lineshape analysis suggests that the N-terminal ectodomain can adopt multiple conformations.
THE ANALYSIS PRONUNCIATION CHALLENGES OF ENGLISH CONSONANTS BETWEEN ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDENTS AND ENGLISH LETTER STUDENTS OF UIN MAULANA MALIK IBRAHIM
Authors: Hidaytullah Muhammad Raudlatul , Rifai Abbas , Rohmana Wahyu Indah Mala
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the pronunciation challenges of English consonants among English Education (EE) and English Literature (EL) students at UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. Employing a qualitative descriptive method, data were collected from ten students (five from each program) through pronunciation tests and audio recordings. The analysis focused on common errors in consonant sounds such as /θ/, /ð/, /ʒ/, and /ʃ/. Results reveal that EE students struggle primarily with interdental fricatives (/θ/ and /ð/), often substituting them with /t/ and /d/. Meanwhile, EL students face greater challenges with voiced fricatives (/ʒ/ and /z/), substituting them with /s/ or /ʃ/. Both groups showed shared difficulties with palatal fricatives, indicating gaps in phonetic proficiency. These findings highlight the influence of curriculum focus, with EE students benefiting more from phonetics training, whereas EL students emphasize textual analysis. The study underscores the importance of targeted pronunciation interventions to address department-specific needs and improve linguistic proficiency among learners.
Analisis Keterlambatan Pengembalian Buku di Perpustakaan Pusat Grha Kandaga Universitas Padjadjaran
Authors: Farriza Rumaisha Nur , Nila Farodisa Nadia , Prijana Prijana , Nursanti Rukmana Evi
Published: December 2024

Rules are made to ensure everything goes as planned. But people sometimes break the rules. The Unpad Central Library has a problem with users returning books late. This study aims to understand how library users feel about late returns. This study uses a quantitative approach to test a theory and prove a hypothesis. Variable X is the users' attitude, while variable Y is the action of returning books late. A quota sampling method was used to select 100 samples from a population of 189 library users who borrowed collections in June 2024 and returned them late. The test results show that there is a moderate correlation between library users' attitudes and the act of returning collections late. Users of Grha Kandaga Unpad Central Library know the rules about returning books. This affects how they feel and judge situations where users are late. This makes them make decisions based on their attitudes. Through this research, the library can understand how users respond to late returns. This helps the library improve its strategies to prevent unauthorized borrowing, especially related to the late return of book collection.
Dynamics of Social Accountability of Islamic Boarding School (Case Study of Pesantren Al-Hidayat Lasem)
Authors: Baihaqi Jadzil , Mubarok Husni
Published: December 2024

This study aims to explore the dynamic social accountability of Islamic boarding schools (Pesantren). This research is qualitative research using a case study paradigm focused on Pesantren Al-Hidayat Lasem. The dimensions of social accountability follow Ebrahim's (2003) concepts. Data are collected through in-depth interviews and observations. The informants of this research include the chief and administrator of Pesantren Al-Hidayat Lasem. Miles & Huberman Model is used to analyse the data, namely data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The results of this study indicate that Pesantren Al-Hidayat has implemented financial reporting, performance evaluation, participation, and social audit.
Reduction and Fixation of an Unstable Knee Dislocation in a Morbidly Obese Patient Using an Internal Fixator
Authors: Da Lomba Tony , Portney Daniel , Erdman Mary Kate , Christiano Anthony V , Strelzow Jason
Published: December 2024

Case:

A 35-year-old man with morbid obesity sustained an ultra-low velocity (ULV) rotational knee dislocation secondary to a fall from standing. The patient was successfully treated using a subcutaneous knee-spanning internal fixator, the “INFIX” technique, which has previously been described for pelvic ring injuries.

Conclusion:

This novel technique maintained the stable reduction of an ULV knee dislocation in a patient with morbid obesity until adequate healing was achieved.
The EFL Students’ Viewpoints on the Contributing Critical Reading Strategies in Critical Reading Comprehension Class
Authors: Nurhayati Dwi Astuti Wahyu
Published: December 2024

Promoting critical thinking skills should more adapt to critical thinking strategies. The determined investigation aimed to pinpoint groups’ attention to the applying dominant popular Critical Reading Strategies, how to apply critical reading strategies (CRS), how to handle challenges and benefits in critical reading comprehension class. This investigation was disseminated by supervising interview and assigning survey to eighty-four pupils of UIN SATU Tulungagung who joined Critical Reading Comprehension Class by approving qualitative way. This study revealed that the Journaling rank first, Stop,Paraphrase, Questioning as well as Annotation and Marking the text as the second; but practicing several critical reading strategies frequently such as inferring, monitoring understanding, paraphrasing, critical lens, contrarian are desirable to boost students’ critical reading skill. Admitting of arising challenges, equally the capacity of analysing data, ascertaining writers' intentions; evaluating the author's arguments, they claim that their skill of learning critical reading comprehension are getting enhanced through applying suitable CSR practice  deploying cognitive process, cultures and linguistic.
Indonesian Undergraduate EFL Students' Perception of the Use of Debate as Learning English-speaking Method
Authors: Saputra Eko Restu , Lumbanbatu Ira Maria Fran
Published: December 2024

Debating improves students' speaking abilities and fosters spontaneous critical thinking without the need for prior preparation. In the absence of recent research on the topic, the current study aims to explore the benefits and the challenges the English Department students experienced during the implementation of the debate in the learning English-speaking process. The participants of this study were English Department students of Universitas Negeri Malang who had taken the Speaking for Academic Purposes course. A mixed-method study was conducted, by employing an explanatory sequential design to answer the formulated research questions. The quantitative data were collected through an online questionnaire and were analyzed by using Microsoft Excel. Meanwhile, the qualitative data were obtained from the interview and were analyzed by employing the interactive model data analysis of Miles et al. The result showed that most students have positive responses to the use of debate in speaking class and debate could improve their speaking skill. The challenges they encountered during the implementation such as lack numbers of meeting and the duration, limited time for preparing debate, also difficulty in understanding the debate method caused the insignificant result of speaking skill enhancement. The debate system was varied, depending on the lecturers. The result may be used as reference for English teachers to utilize debate in English-speaking class. Likewise, the future researchers are suggested to conduct action research employing debate in English-speaking class.
EFL/ESL Tertiary-Level Learners are No Longer Required to Repeat the Same Dialogues in Speaking Classes: A Case Study from Thai University
Authors: Samaranayake Sarath Withanarachchi , Kositchaivat Sunneeta , Prasansapah Soranabordin
Published: December 2024

Over the past few decades, there has been a growing recognition of the positive impact of role-plays involving single events on the speaking skills of EFL learners in various teaching contexts across the globe. However, the effectiveness of role-plays involving sequential events in enhancing the oral proficiency of tertiary-level EFL learners remains unexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether role-plays involving sequential events were more effective than those involving single events in promoting the oral proficiency of tertiary-level EFL learners. This study employed a pretest-post-test research design and randomly selected two study groups (Treatment: N = 38 and Comparison: N = 38) using purposive sampling techniques. The treatment group was taught using role-plays involving sequential events, while the control group was instructed with role-plays involving single events for one semester. Data was collected through pre and post-tests, intervention tools, and focused group interviews and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. The findings indicated that the treatment group, which practised role-plays involving sequential events, demonstrated more significant improvement in speaking proficiency than the control group, which used single events. Based on these positive outcomes, this study suggests that incorporating role-plays involving sequential events into EFL instruction can significantly enhance tertiary-level learners' speaking proficiency. Teachers and educators in the field of EFL/ESL should consider using sequential event role-plays to improve oral communication skills among learners. This approach can be particularly effective in Thai tertiary education, and the results contribute to the discussion on innovative teaching strategies.
Listening Skills in Classroom Practices and Testing Systems at the Secondary Level in Bangladesh: An Empirical Appraisal
Authors: Jamila Marium , Rahman Md. Munibur
Published: December 2024

Developing language skills is a must for being proficient in any language for successful communication which is one of the most sought-after soft skills in the world today. Given the poor English proficiency of Bangladeshi students, this study investigated the status of listening skills, one of the vital primary language skills, in classroom practices and testing systems at the secondary level in Bangladesh. In this mixed methods research, twelve teachers from different secondary level schools and seventy students from two schools in Jashore district, Bangladesh were surveyed with structured questionnaires. Moreover, semi-structured interview sessions were conducted with six teachers. Simultaneously, the contents of the textbook 'English for Today' (for Classes Nine and Ten), and the Secondary School Certificate (SSC) examination question papers were also analyzed. The overall findings of this study revealed that listening skills did not have adequate attention and necessary importance in the textbook contents, classroom teaching-learning processes, and testing systems. The existing teaching-learning practices have substantially failed to impart optimum English proficiency, especially listening skills to the students. Therefore, this research recommends the incorporation of listening skills into classroom activities and testing systems proportionately.
Meaningful Participation Through Online Channels in Legislation Making in Indonesia via dpr.go.id Page
Authors: Soeprapto R. Wahjoe Poernomo
Published: December 2024

Public participation in the legislative process is essential in any democratic nation. Transparency and openness are vital for state administrators to facilitate community involvement in shaping government policies. The regulatory framework for community participation is established in Law No. 13 of 2022 as a direct consequence of Constitutional Court Decision No. 91/PUU-XVIII/2020, using the term "meaningful participation." Meaningful participation takes two forms: offline and online. This discussion focuses solely on the online aspect, specifically on utilising the official website of the People's Representative Council (DPR), dpr.go.id. The assessment of the dpr.go.id page indicates the DPR's commitment to fostering meaningful online participation. This study employs normative juridical research methods, utilising a statutory and conceptual approach. The findings suggest that while meaningful participation has been normatively regulated in constitutional court decisions and laws, the technical implementation to actualise these norms is lacking in practice. In the future, the DPR needs to carry out uniform terminology used by the DPR, both in-laws and on the DPR go.id page, by following the terms used in the court decision so that meaningful online participation can be realised for the public to be able to participate more meaningfully.
The Prevention of Underage Marriage in Indonesia: State, Religious Authority and Human Rights
Authors: Widiyanto Asfa , Zumrotun Siti , Saputra Heru
Published: December 2024

This paper strives to investigate dynamic interplays among the state, religious authority, and human rights surrounding early marriage among Muslims in contemporary Indonesia. More specifically, this paper will address the following problems: (a) how do religious authorities respond to the cases of early marriage in Indonesia; (b) what kind of religious understanding should be developed to prevent early marriage in Indonesia; (c) how do religious judges exert their agency in preventing early marriage in Indonesia amidst the pressure of state, religion, and human rights. This research employs a qualitative methodology, including interviews with religious scholars and judges and analyzing legal documents. The finding of the research states that while some religious authorities advocate early marriage based on conservative interpretations, progressive scholars argue for delaying marriage to safeguard children's health and rights. In addition, a more context-sensitive understanding, rooted in maqasid al-sharia (objectives of Islamic law), is essential for preventing early marriage. Religious judges, meanwhile, play a pivotal role in navigating social, legal, and religious pressures, especially in cases involving pre-marital pregnancies in Indonesia. This study contributes to the sociology and politics of Islamic law, most notably in unravelling the complexity of power relations among the state, religious authority, and human rights regarding underage marriage.
The Management of Integrated Madrasah-Islamic Boarding School Curriculum to Enhance Graduated Student Quality At Azmania Boarding School Ponorogo
Authors: Pratiwi Septian
Published: December 2024

This study analyzed the curriculum according to the institution's basic values. To improve the quality of graduated students, the research aims to understand how to develop, organize, administer, and oversee the combined madrasah-Islamic Boarding School curriculum. This study employs a case study methodology and a qualitative approach. Participatory observation, interviews, and documentation are used to get the data. Techniques for data reduction, data presentation, conclusion, and verification are used to analyze data. The study's findings indicate that purpose, target student, and graduated student quality are all included in integrated curriculum planning. School organization, curriculum material, and the distribution of teacher responsibilities during the teaching and learning process make up curriculum implementation. Determining the roles and responsibilities of instructors in teaching and learning activities is part of the implementation. Periodically, beginning with daily, weekly, monthly, semester-end, and year-end, supervisions are conducted.
Implementasi Program Bina Prestasi dalam Mengembangkan Minat dan Bakat Siswa di MTsN 6 Ponorogo
Authors: Khasanah Pita , Hakim Lukman , Nazira Putri , Laela Putri Nur
Published: December 2024

The development of students' interests and talents is one of the important things to implement. So that the abilities possessed by students can develop optimally. The focus of this research is to find out the implementation of the achievement development program in the fields of Language, tahfidz, and IT at MTsN 6 Ponorogo. This research uses a qualitative approach. This research employs a descriptive case study approach. Data collection uses interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The data analysis model used includes data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and conclusions drawn. The results of this study show: 1) the implementation of the achievement development program in the field of language, 2) the implementation of the achievement development program in the field of tahfidz, 3) the implementation of the achievement development program in the IT field, 4) the obstacles faced in the implementation of the achievement development program, namely the lack of enthusiasm for learning of students. The implementation of diverse learning processes within the achievement development program helps to refine students' skills and nurture their talents and interests. The selection of learning strategies and the selection of the right curriculum in the student learning process will greatly affect the development of their interests and talents. This is evidenced by the many alumni of the MTsN 6 Ponorogo achievement development program who have achievements.