bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
اللباس والزينة لدى الاتجاهات الإسلامية المعاصرة: الحجاب والنقاب إنموذجاً - دراسة فقهية معاصرة
Authors: زكي يحيى أحمد
Published: June 2023

ان موضوع اللباس والزينة وخاصة الحجاب والنقاب في الشريعة الإسلامية من المواضيع الفقهية المهمة التي طال بها الخلاف بين الفقهاء والمفسرين القدامى والمعاصرين، وان الاهتمام بهذه المسالة شيء مهم من اجل تقريب وجهات النظر بين جميع المدارس الفقهية وخاصة الجديدة الموجودة على الساحة الإسلامية لكون هذه المواضيع اخذت حيزاً كبيراً بالتناحر والصدام والتعصب للرأي الذي يتبناه كل فريق فكان لزاماً على الجميع ان يعملوا على تقريب وجهات النظر ومن خلال المطالعة والبحث في الموضوع توصلت الى ان الوجه والكفين ليسا بعورة ما لم تكن هناك فتنة حقيقة وان النقاب ليس شيء محدث على الشريعة وليس ببدعة بل هو اخذ بالاحتياط وعلى جميع من يتبنى الرأيين ان يعذر احدهما الاخر في تبني الرأي لكون المسألة خلافية بامتياز وادلة الفريقين معتبره.
الأحاديث التي رواها عبد الرحمن بن يزيد بن قيس النخعي في سنن أبي داود - جمع ودراسة وتخريج
Authors: قعقاع مهدي صالح
Published: June 2023

الحمد لله رب العالمين، والصلاة والسلام على هادي البشرية، وعلى آله وصحبه اجمعين وبعد.فقد جاء هذا الحديث بعنوان (الأحاديث التي رواها عبد الرحمن بن يزيد بن قيس النخعي في سنن أبي داود - جمع ودراسة وتخريج) ليبين سيرة عبد الرحمن بن يزيد النخعي ويتضمن حياته الشخصية، والعلمية، وسيرة الإمام أبي داود (رحمه الله) ويوضح رحلته في طلب العلم، وآثاره العلمية التي ألفها خلال مسيرته العلمية، وعدداً من شيوخه، وتلاميذه، وذكرت الأحاديث التي روها عبد الرحمن بن يزيد النخعي في سنن أبي داود، وهي ست أحاديث، اقوم بذكر الحديث سنداً، ومتناً، وبعدها أقوم بتخريج الحديث، ثم أذكر ترجمة الرواة، والحكم على سند الحديث من خلال ترجمة الرواة اذا كان الحديث صحيح أو حسن أو ضعيف، وبيان الالفاظ الغريبة في متن الحديث، وختمت البحث بمجموعة من النتائج والتوصيات.
التكيف الجامعي المبكر لدى طلبة الدراسات العليا
Authors: إسامة عبد الرحمن مهدي
Published: June 2023

هدف البحث الحالي للتعرف على:1. مستوى التكيف الجامعي المبكر لدى طلبة الدراسات العليا.2. مستوى التكيف الجامعي المبكر لدى طلبة الدراسات العليا تبعاً لمتغير النوعٍ (ذكور - إناث).3. مستوى التكيف الجامعي المبكر لدى طلبة الدراسات العليا تبعاً لمتغير الاختصاص (علمي - إنساني).واشتمل البحث الحالية على طلبة الدراسات العليا في كليات جامعة تكريت الدراسات العليا في المراحل التحضيرية للعام الدراسي (2020-2021) والبالغ عددٍهم الكلي (400) طالبٍ وطالبة، وزعت أعدادهم على (15) كلٍّيه من كليات الجامعة وكانَت الأعداد وفق الاتي (121) طالب وطالبة من الدكتوراه و(259) طالباً وطالبة من الماجستير و(20) طالباً وطالبة من الدبلوم العالي بواقع (235) ذكوراً و(165) إناثاً ممثلة بـ(188) من التخصص العلمي و(212) من التخصص الانساني. وقد تم جمع البيانات ومعالجتها باستخدام الاختبار التائي ومعامل ارتباط بيرسون وباستخدام البرنامج الاحصائي (SPSS).في ضوء النتائج التي توصل البحث الحالي يمكن استنتاج ما يأتي:1. إن طلبه الدراسات العليا في الجامعة يتمتعون بقدر مقبول من التكيف الجامعي المبكر بشكل خاص والتكيف عموما بشكل عام. 2. أن الذكور في التكيف الجامعي المبكر أعلى مستوى من الإناث وهذا يرجع بدوره إلى طبيعة المجتمع ونظرته إلى تعزيز.
المنسوب إلى ابن القطّاع في التاج - جمعاً ودراسة
Authors: صهيب أحمد عبد  , أسامة محمد سويلم
Published: June 2023

يتناول هذا البحث مقارنة أقوال ابن القطّاع الصقلّيّ ت: 515 ه، المنشورة في تاج العروس للزبيديّ ت: 1205 ه، مع كتاب الأفعال المطبوع، وبين ما تصحّف وتحرّف منها وقد اعتمدت في تصويب الأقوال على ما موجود في أمهات كتب اللغة: كالعين والصحاح اللسان وغيرها. والغاية من ذلك تنقية الأقوال المنقولة عن ابن القطّاع من التصحيف والتحريف، وكذا التنبيه على كثرة الأخطاء الواردة في كتاب الأفعال المطبوع والتوصية بتحقيقه.
اثبات تناقض السمعيات والعقليات عند الاشاعرة
Authors: زينب خليل محمد
Published: June 2023

الحمد لله الذي هدانا لهذا وما كنا لنهتدي لولا ان هدانا الله، والصلاة والسلام على رسوله الذي ارسله بالهدى ودين الحق ليظهره على الدين كله بشيراً ونذيراً.لقد جاء الوحي الالهي بالتعريف بالإنسان ومكوناته بين الجسد والروح ودوره ومصيره، وكانت حضارة الاسلام في كل اطوارها معبره عن هذا التوازن الدقيق، ولعل من يدرس أثر العبادات في النفس سيقف أيضا على بعض الحقائق في هذا الصدد، كما أن الموازنة بين التصور الاسلامي للإنسان وتصورات البشر الفكرية والفلسفية سترينا أنه لا علاج لحل هذه التناقضات والاختلافات الا باتباع المنهج الالهي الصحيح، فأن الله تعالى هو الخالق العظيم، وهو المشرع الحكيم، فله الخلق والامر.ونحن اذ نسلط الضوء بوريقات بحثنا هذا على بعض التناقضات لدى النفس البشرية التي تجادل بين السمعيات الموجودة حتى قيام الساعة الا وهي أن الله هو خالقنا وهو مدبر أمرنا وهو مشرع كل أمور حياتنا، حتى وأن اختلف عقل الانسان في قبول أو رفض أي تشريع، وهذا ما حصل مع المذهب أو الفرقة الاشعرية التي ظهرت رداً على المعتزلة.
التحليل الجغرافي لظاهرة العزوف عن الزواج واسبابها في محافظة صلاح الدين لعام 2020
Authors: أحمد ظاهر خسارة حسين
Published: June 2023

تعد ظاهرة العزوف عن الزواج من الظواهر المهمة التي ينعكس عنها تداعيات سلبية تصيب الفرد والمجتمع، وفي هذا السياق جاءت هذه الدراسة مستهدفة معرفة حجم هذه الظاهرة وتباينها المكاني والوقوف على اهم المتغيرات المؤثرة في اتساع رقعتها ومعرفة الآثار المترتبة عنها في محافظة صلاح الدين لعام 2020، ولتحقيق هذه الغاية فقد ارتكزت الدراسة على استبانة محكمة تضمنت مجموعة اسئلة تعكس موضوع الدراسة وزعت على عينة عشوائية تكونت من (347) ومن كلا الجنسين. وبعد استيفاء المعلومات والبيانات الخاصة بموضوع الدراسة وتحليلها تبين ان هناك تبايناً واضحاً في نسب العازفين عن الزواج بين الوحدات الادارية لمنطقة الدراسة، كما كشفت الدراسة أن من اهم الأسباب المؤدية للعزوف عن الزواج هي عوامل اقتصادية تمثلت بــ (البطالة، وانخفاض مستوى الدخل، وعدم القدرة على تأمين السكن الملائم، وارتفاع تكاليف الزواج) اما المتغيرات الاجتماعية فتمثلت (الادمان على استخدام وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي والانترنيت، البحث عن الشريك المناسب، والرغبة في مواصلة التعليمي، وفارق العمر، والحالة الصحية) وفي ضوء تلك النتائج خرجت الدراسة بالعديد من التوصيات والمقترحات التي يمكن أن تسهم في الحد من تلك الظاهرة ومن آثارها السلبية على المجتمع.
Análisis de la gestión de los contenidos de YouTube dirigidos al público infantil: un estudio de caso
Authors: Neira Placer Paula , Visiers Elizaincin Ana
Published: June 2023

Un público atractivo para los gestores de contenido en YouTube es el infantil. Han aparecido numerosos canales dirigidos a este tipo de espectadores, algunos de ellos con audiencias millonarias como el canal en español de Vlad y Niki en YouTube. Conocer cómo es la administración de un canal con tal éxito de audiencia puede aportar conclusiones interesantes a los gestores de contenido. En este estudio de caso se analizan los contenidos publicados en el canal desde su apertura en diciembre de 2018 hasta febrero de 2021. La investigación sugiere que los gestores, con el objetivo de alcanzar una audiencia masiva y la obtención de marcas que patrocinen su cuenta, modificaron la periodicidad y la cantidad de contenidos, su duración, incluso aumentaron el control en la producción de los contenidos al contextualizarlos en entornos con menor incertidumbre de grabación e historias más guionizadas.
La efectividad de la comunicación de emergencias en redes sociales. Un estudio de caso de la cuenta de Twitter de Emergencias 112 Comunidad de Madrid
Authors: Mayo-Cubero Marcos , Chivite Javier
Published: June 2023

Las redes sociales son una herramienta clave para la comunicación de emergencias. El análisis de métricas puede ayudar a evaluar la efectividad y colaborar en la mejora de la gestión informativa. Este estudio de caso analiza las publicaciones de la cuenta oficial de Twitter de Emergencias 112 Comunidad de Madrid, durante cinco meses. Se exploran las correlaciones entre variables utilizando una metodología cuantitativa. Los resultados muestran que las publicaciones que tienen mayor impacto no son las emergencias locales, sino las noticias internacionales relacionadas con la emergencia del Terremoto de Turquía y Siria. Observamos asociaciones positivas muy fuertes entre el número de retuits, likes y el alcance de usuarios. Sin embargo, no se encontraron asociaciones significativas entre estas variables y el número de clicks en la url. Estos hallazgos sugieren que las métricas de popularidad en Twitter no siempre se correlacionan con la efectividad de la comunicación de riesgos. Por tanto, sería imprescindible una evaluación más profunda y compleja de las estrategias de comunicación para mejorar la gestión de riesgos en el futuro.
HİPPİAS’IN DOĞAL HUKUK FİKRİNDEN KANT’IN EBEDİ BARIŞ FİKRİNE
Authors: KUTLUAY Ferhat
Published: June 2023

Antik Yunan dünyasının IV. Yüzyılda yaşamış önemli sofistlerin içerisinde yer alan Hippias, özellikle ortaya koyduğu physis (doğa) ile nomos (yasa) arasındaki karşıtlığa vurgu yaparak physis'e öncelik vermesiyle ön plana çıkar. Hippias, bu doğa sayesinde herkesin birbirine benzer ve hatta akraba olduğunu ve dolayısıyla tüm insanların doğaya özdeş, akıl temelli olan ortak yasalar etrafında birleşebileceği ve buradan yola çıkıldığında evrensel bir ideal olan ebedi barışın tesis edilebileceği fikrini ortaya koyar. İşte temelde 'Ebedi Barış' fikrinin ilk savunucusu olan Hippias, kendisinden sonra gelen birçok düşünüre bu bağlamda önemli bir esin kaynağı olmuştur. Daha doğrusu gerek insanların rızası dâhilinde devletin daha sonradan ortaya çıkması bağlamında sosyal sözleşme teorisinin ve gerek eşitsiz ve dolayısıyla çatışmasız bir dünyayı resmeden ebedi barış fikrinin ilk temellerinin Hippias tarafından ortaya atıldığını pekâlâ söyleyebiliriz. Bu bağlamda bakıldığında Hippias'tan sonra ebedi barış fikrinin en önemli temsilcisi 18. Yüzyılın dikkat çeken filozoflarından olan İmmanuel Kant olmuştur. Kant, tıpkı Hippias'ta olduğu gibi tüm insanları dünya vatandaşı olarak görür ve bundan dolayı insanların, ortak yasalar altında milletler topluluğu adı altında birleşebileceğini söyler. Buradan yola çıkan Kant, insanların 'Ebedi Barış'a ulaşacağını söyler. Dolayısıyla Kant, Ebedi Barış fikrinin ilk savunucusu olan Hippias'tan esinlendiği fikri geliştirerek 'Ebedi Barış' adı altında tekrardan formüle etmiştir.
Green Funds in a Gray Area
Authors: Shapiro Corey
Published: June 2023

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) funds face tremendous skepticism regarding their impact relative to investor perceptions. In fact, several figures, including media commentators and asset management leaders, have sounded the alarm on ESG investing. They believe investors, especially retail investors, are being misled by funds’ names and largely unhelpful disclosures, and that some fund managers are exaggerating their ESG practices in the name of attracting investors’ money. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has documented evidence of misleading statements regarding ESG investing processes and has brought enforcement actions against companies for making false claims in their disclosures. In an effort to address the lack of standardization and clarity in the ESG fund industry, the SEC proposed two rules in May 2022 that would change the naming and disclosure requirements for ESG funds.

To examine how ESG funds are naming themselves and disclosing key ESG information, this Note aggregates data collected from the twenty largest ESG mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs). Based on an analysis of this data—which simulates an investor’s experience attempting to identify which ESG funds best align with their objectives—this Note derives quantitative and qualitative takeaways. The main conclusion is that ESG fund names are often vague and misleading, and neither their names nor their accompanying disclosures describe the funds’ investment strategies in a manner retail investors can meaningfully understand and use to make fully informed investment decisions. This Note calls this phenomenon the “ESG fund labeling problem.”

In addition to analyzing the ESG fund labeling problem and its impact on retail investors, this Note considers whether the SEC’s two proposed rules from May 2022 will be successful in abating the ESG fund labeling problem. Ultimately, this Note concludes that the proposed rules fall short of meeting investors’ needs in key areas and proposes modifications the SEC can employ to further resolve the ESG fund labeling problem and reduce investor confusion.
Conservation of the species Sternbergia colchiciflora Waldst. et Kit. through in vitro culture
Authors: Ghereg Melania
Published: June 2023

Sternbergia colchicifl ora Waldst. et Kit. is a critically endangered species, included in the Red Book of the Republic of Moldova. This species fulfi lls a decorative role in natural ecosystems and represents a natural source of products in the medical industry. Research on the conservation of the Sternbergia colchicifl ora species through in vitro culture is being carried out for the fi rst time in our country. The purpose of this study is to asepticize the plant material of the Sternbergia colchicifl ora species and introduce it into in vitro culture for subsequent multiplication and obtaining a large number of bulbs. Bulbs and seeds served as initial plant material. Explants grown on three types of nutrient media supplemented with various concentrations of plant growth regulators. Immature bulbs produced a higher number of bulbils than bulb fragments on medium V2: MS=100% (with the components of the basic medium) and additional addition of phytohormones 6 – benzylaminopurine (BAP) of 0,5 mg/l and naphthylacetic acid (ANA) of 0,25mg/l. The bulbs were replanted on the same type of nutrient medium for 5-6 weeks, developing under the conditions of the growth room, then being transferred to vegetative pots with a mixture of: peat, sand, perlite in a ratio of 1:0.5: 0.5.
Endangered spontaneous Fabaceae species proposed for inclusion in the Red Book of the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Izverscaia Tatiana , Ghendov Veaceslav , Sirodoev Ghennadi
Published: June 2023

The paper presents the results of the study on spontaneous vascular plant species, threatened with extinction from the Fabaceae Lindley family, proposed for the inclusion in the 4th edition of the Red Book of the Republic of Moldova. These include 9 endangered species: Anthyllis macrocephala Wend., Astragalus corniculatus M.Bieb., A. pastellianus Pollini, Chamaecytisus lindemannii (V.Krecz.) Klask., Ch. paczoskii (V.Krecz.) Klask., Glycyrrhiza echinata L., Lembotropis nigricans (L.) Griseb., Trigonella monspeliaca L. and Vicia biennis L. We propose to include additionally to the existant list of species protected by law 7 species: Astragalus corniculatus, Astragalus pastellianus, Chamaecytisus lindemannii, Ch. paczoskii, Glycyrrhiza echinata, Trigonella monspeliaca and Vicia biennis.
Iridio variegatae-quercetum pubescentis Pînzaru, Ccantemir et Bbelous ass. nova in the vegetation of the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Pinzaru Pavel , Cantemir Valentina , Belous Stefan
Published: June 2023

The association Iridio varigatae-Quercetum pubescentis Pînzaru, Cantemir et Belous consists of phytocenoses of downy oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) with Hungarian iris (Iris variegata L.), West-Pontic, xerophilic, xeromesophilic, located on arid, sunny hills, on deep, leachate-chernozem soils or typical moderately humiferous soils, formed on clayey or sandy loams. The association has been identifi ed based on 30 relevés carried out by the authors. It includes Critically Endangered (CR) species, included in the Red Book of the Republic of Moldova: Centaurea angelescui Grinț., C. thirkei Sch.Bip., Chaerophyllum nodosum (L.) Crantz, Delphinium fi ssum Waldst. et Kit. and Serratula bulgarica Acht. et Stoj. The association Iridio varigatae-Quercetum pubescentis Pînzaru, Cantemir et Belous has been grouped in the alliance Quercion pubescenti-petraeae Br.-Bl. 1932, order Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae Klika 1933, class QUERCO-FAGETEA Br.-Bl. et Vlieger in Vlieger 1937.
Adaptation to Online Learning amongst Students in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Shah Pratibha , Satish Rajitha
Published: June 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly changed the methods of teaching-learning in Higher education institutions (HEIs). The present study explores the transitions in teaching-learning methods and the adaptations of the students for online learning. An online survey was directed to 674 respondents and the statistical analysis of the observations indicate that there was a significant increase in attendance of the online courses and in enrolment of online certificate courses (paired t test, p<0.05). The current study collects data about technical competence before and after pandemic, changes in learning patterns, exposure and availability of the online learning resources, amongst students in HEIs. The observations of the survey indicate that post-pandemic, there is a significant enhancement of technical skills and an increase in usage of the online learning aids (paired t test, p<0.05). The survey evidenced that 50.1% students felt that they have sufficient equipment for online learning. It was observed that students felt anxious or impatient (60.5%), if they could not attend the online sessions due to technical glitches and got distracted. 51.8% of students felt that online lectures are difficult to grasp in comparison to offline class and 68.4% of students were not provided any training for attending online lectures, indicative of a dearth in guidance. The current study emphasises on application of blended learning as an effective learning strategy in future. The results from the current study may aid in implementing and strengthening the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.

Key words: Covid-19, Online Teaching-learning, Higher education institutions (HEIs), Blended learning, National Education Policy (NEP)..
Fall Risk Assessment in Mild Cognitively Impaired Institutionalised Elderly
Authors: Nareshkumar Simran Sadawana , Akash Aishwarya
Published: June 2023

Occurrence of falls with advancing age is the most common phenomenon observed in the elder population. Degenerative changes in the somatosensory system as well with decline in cognition are the most common contributing factors. Gradual deterioration in the processing of higher mental functions has the potential to increase the episodes of falls. Incidence of fall in geriatrics residing in an institutionalised old age home are the most common cause of concern as it increases their level of dependence on the caregivers. Present study aims to evaluate risk of fall in institutionalised elderly with mild cognitive impairment by administering a reliable and valid Tinneti POMA assessment tool.

Key words: Falls, cognitive impairment, geriatrics, Balance, Gait.
Using and Validation of a new Spectrophotometric method for determination of Vitamin C in Pharmaceutical samples
Authors: Tayar Mary , Mohammad Haroon , Moazeen Lujen
Published: June 2023

A new simple and rapid spectrophotometric method for determination the accurate amount of vitamin C containedin pharmaceutical samples has been developed. The ferric chloride is reduced by vitamin C and then reacts with potassium ferricyanide to create a dark blue solution of Prussian blue. The resulted color was observant at the absorption wavelength of 697nm. Optimum reaction conditions of Ferric chloride, Potassium Ferricyanide concentrations, reaction time, temperature and pH where investigated. Influence of potential interfering substances were also examined.Analyzes of commercial pharmaceutical samples showed good correlation with the valuesgiven by the manufacturers and the results obtained by a titration method with Iodine. The apparent molar absorptivity value is found to be 3.25 × 103. The results of analysis have been validated statistically, with good correlation coefficient (0.999). The proposed method has better LOD and LOQ values than many methods used to determine vitamin C in pharmaceutical forms.
Efficacy of 5.25% Sodium hypochlorite and 810 diode laser in reduction of microbial count in root canals of primary teeth- An in vivo Study
Authors: Bhat S Vidya , S Bhat Sham , Khan Musfirat
Published: June 2023

Aim: Root canal treatment is often carried out in deciduous teeth to relieve pain and make the tooth functional.The main goal of instrumentation in a root canal treatment is to facilitate effective irrigation, disinfection, and filling. Sodium hypochlorite is a widely used irrigant and has been demonstrated to be an effective agent against broad spectrum of bacteria. However its toxic effects on vital tissues can result in haemolysis, skin ulceration and necrosis. The use of diode laser for endodontic applications has been investigated and proven for its efficacy in root canal sterilization. Therefore, this clinical study was conducted to evaluate and compare the efficacies of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 810nm diode laser as disinfectants in root canals of primary teeth. This study evaluated the microbial count and the clinical success of the treatment. Materials and Methods: In 40 subjects selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, Pulp tissue was extirpated from the canals and samples collected using sterile absorbent paper points . Then they were randomly divided into two groups. In Group 1, canals were prepared and irrigated with 5.25% of sodium hypochlorite, and in group 2 canals were prepared and disinfected with 810nm of diode laser. The contents of canals were collected again with a sterile paper point .Samples taken before and after procedures were cultured, and the colony-forming units (CFUs) were counted. The data was evaluated using independent sample test and paired sample test. Patients were recalled for clinical and radiographic evaluation after 3 and 6 months. Results: There was a significant difference between the mean CFU of laser and sodium Hypochlorite ( p<.001). Clinical evaluation after 3 and 6 months showed no pain, swelling, sinus tract or mobility .Radiographically too there was absence of premature exfoliation, periodontal widening, internal/external resorption and periapical or furcal radiolucency. Conclusion: Both 810nm diode laser and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite were effective in reducing bacterial count in root canals of primary teeth. However 810nm diode laser reduced microbial count of root canals more as compared to 5.25% NaOCl.
Effectiveness of Snedds (Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System) Etil Acetate Fraction of Kadara Fruit (Caesalpinia bonduc) Seed Extract on Bacteria Diabetic Gangreen
Authors: Haryadi Ittiqo Dzun , Pranmayanti Sri Mulyani , Permata Hati Melati , Fitriana Yuli , Kusuma Wardani Alvi
Published: June 2023

High glucose level conditions cause many fatal complications, such as the increased risk of developing gangrene. The incidences of amputation worldwide have happened of 25% and 14.3% mortality after amputation. Patients with diabetic gangrene are often treated with a broad-spectrum antibiotic. However, nowadays antibiotic-resistant bacteria are emerging problems to cure the infection in diabetic gangrene. Scientists are looking for natural compounds to develop new medication as an alternative antibacterial. Kadara (Caesalpinia bonduc) is a plant from Dompu, West Nusa Tenggara. Flavonoids, the primary constituent of Caesalpinia bonduc seeds, are responsible for broad-spectrum antibacterial action. Flavonoids are poorly soluble in water, so as the solution for increasing the stability of flavonoids, it needs development of dosage form in the self-nanoemulsion drug delivery system (SNEDDS). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Snedds ethyl acetate fraction of the extract of the seeds of the fruit (Caesalpinia bonduc) against diabetic gangrene bacteria. This research begins with maceration to obtain a thick extract followed by fractionation, then make the SNEDDS formula using the trial-error method. Characterization is carried out, and the antibacterial activity test is carried out. The results showed that the SNEDDS formula that met the criteria was obtained from a comparison of tween 80 and PEG 400 (7:2) with an emulsification time of 29.67±0.58 seconds, a transparent emulsion formation medium, and a particle size of 16.8nm. The results of the bacterial inhibition test showed that the SNEEDS formula was not significantly different from the tetracycline positive control (*p>0.05), with the inhibitory diameter values of 15.67±2.31mm and 15.67±1.15mm.
Ceropegia rupicola, Acokanthera schimperi, Jatropha variegate Antimicrobial, Cytotoxicity and Phytochemical
Authors: A. Elkhateeb Waill , El-Ghwas Dina E. , Soliman Ahmed A. F. , O. Elnahas Marwa , M. Daba Ghoson
Published: June 2023

In Asian countries, a variety of medicinal plants are utilized in folk medicine for hemostatic and antiseptic. The methanolic extracts of Jatropha variegata, Acokanthera schimperi, and Ceropegia rupicolawere tested for the following purposes: first, isolation of endophytic fungi, second, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity activity, and third, phytoconstituents of the methanolic extract using the GC-Mass technique. The plants came from a variety of Yemeni locations. Endophytic fungus strains were isolated and identified using starch casein and potato dextrose agar medium. Methanol was used to extract the stem and leaves of the plants. The agar well diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial properties of the produced methanolic extracts against four Gram-negative bacteria, three Gram-positive bacteria, and one species of yeast. The IC50 values for the most promising extracts are calculated. The methanolic extracts were also subjected to a phytochemical screening by GC-Mass. A total of forty fungal endophyte isolates were isolated. Fusarium spp. (15), Phomaspp. (6), Alternaria alternata (5), White Sterile mycelia (6), Dark Sterile mycelia (6), Cochlioboluslunatus (1), and Mucor spp. (1). were found throughout the identification process. The highest yield extract was obtained from Jatropha variegate (45.4%), followed by Acokanthera schimperi (32.3%), and finally Ceropegia rupicola (20.5%). Only Gram-negative bacteria were found to have antibacterial activity, and the most effective extract was Acokanthera schimperi against the majority of microorganisms tested (8–18mm). The methanolic extracts of Jatropha variegate had the best antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883015, with a zone of inhibition (45 mm). Furthermore, Ceropegia rupicola extract had the highest inhibitory zone against Candida albicans ATCC 700012 (20mm). In addition, the IC50 results showed that the Jatropha variegate extract on A549 had an IC50 of 84.1ug/ml and a PC3 of 39.4ug/ml. The IC50 for Ceropegia rupicola extract was 49.4ug/ml in A549 cells and 34ug/ml in PC3 cells. Also, the screening for phytochemicals of the three plant extracts revealed the presence of many chemicals such as ethanol, formic acid, and others that may be responsible for the observed actions.
Pharmacists’ Opinions on the Legalization of Medical Cannabis in Ukraine
Authors: Aliekperova Nataliia , Kostiuk Iryna , Hala Liliia , Biliaeva Anastasia
Published: June 2023

The gradual liberalization of international and Ukrainian legislation regarding the circulation of cannabis-based medical products requires a more detailed study of the degree of awareness and attitude of various stakeholders, in particular, health professionals (pharmacists), to this issue. For this purpose, a survey was conducted, in which 563 Ukrainian pharmacy workers took part. It was revealed that the respondents largely share the "myths" about the dangerous narcotic properties of medical cannabis; two-thirds of them believe that all cannabinoids have psychotropic properties. Pharmacists are poorly aware of medicinal products containing herbal and synthetic cannabinoids, as well as medical indications for their use. Only 14.4% of surveyed pharmacists fully support the manufacture of cannabis preparations on the basis of pharmacies, following the example of the European Union countries. At the same time, almost half of the respondents approve of the legalization of medical cannabis in Ukraine, although they fear the risks of illegal turnover. The great majority of pharmacists consider it important to conduct scientific research, educational and awareness-raising activities on medical cannabis to improve the health and quality of life of Ukrainian patients.
Smear Layer removal efficacy of different types of Irrigation Solutions with single file system: An in vitro SEM Study
Authors: Varma K Madhu , B Manishaa , Satish R Kalyan , Kumar M Sita Rama , D B Panithini , K Madhavi
Published: June 2023

Aim: To compare the effectiveness of three different irrigating solutions (NaOCl+ EDTA, REMIX 2 IN 1, TWIN KLEEN) on the removal of smear layer with the single file system (XP-Endo Shaper) in mandibular premolars using a scanning electron microscope. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three human single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth were selected and decoronated to a standardized length. Biomechanical preparation was done with a single file system (XP-Endo Shaper) using 3% NaOCl as an irrigant during instrumentation. Three experimental groups were formed by randomly dividing teeth, with eleven teeth in each Group (n=11), and final irrigation was carried out using the following solutions; Group I - (control group) 5.25% Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA), Group II - REMIX 2 IN 1 solution (Neelkanth healthcare, India), Group III - freshly prepared TWIN KLEEN (Maarc dental, India) solution. The teeth were separated into two halves and observed under a scanning electron microscope at 3mm, 6mm, and 9mm from the apex to analyze the amount smear layer in 1000X and were evaluated using a 5-grade scoring system. Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U test were used to analyze the data. Results: On comparing the three different irrigating solutions, no statistically significant difference was found in the ability to remove the smear layer from the coronal and middle third's (P>0.05). Group I (1.14±0.68) and Group II (1.18±0.40) showed significantly higher removal of smear layer when compared to Group III (1.81±0.60) in the apical third. Conclusion: Sequential use of 5.25% NaOCl + 17% EDTA and REMIX 2 IN 1 solution were found to be the most efficient than TWIN KLEEN solution in removing the smear layer in the apical third of root canals instrumented with the single file system (XP-Endo Shaper).
Assessment of Patient Hygiene Performance Index in concordance with postoperative scaling/root Planing Oral Hygiene Instructions
Authors: K Sarojini , Malaiappan Sankari
Published: June 2023

Aim: To assess the impact of oral hygiene instructions on the periodontal health of the patients by estimating patient hygiene performance index after scaling/ root planing. Materials and Methods: The study included 60 patients and was conducted over a private university setting. They were divided into three equal groups of 20 patients. Group-I included patients to whom oral hygiene instructions were not given, Group-II includes patients to whom instructions given through individual sessions, Group- III include patients to whom oral hygiene instructions given in group sessions. Patients were recalled after 15 days to assess the oral hygiene by calculating patient hygiene performance index. Results: Results of our study suggested that oral hygiene instructions given in individual sessions have shown a significant improvement in comparison to the other two groups. The mean PHP index score for a group with individual oral hygiene instructions baseline score is 3.03. The mean PHP index score for a group with individual oral hygiene instructions after 15 days is 1.21 which implies good oral hygiene status. Conclusion: From the above study, it can be concluded that providing oral hygiene instructions have a significant effect on maintaining periodontal health. The method of communicating oral hygiene instructions to the patient is proportional to good oral hygiene.
Indices of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and DNA damage in T2DM patients with and without Insulin Therapy
Authors: Suvarna H I Shruthi , R Vishakh , S Moodithaya Shailaja
Published: June 2023

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder associated with excessive free radical generation and oxidative stress. Pharmacological interventions of T2DM targets on glycemic control and reduce the circulatory levels of oxidative stress and inflammation. Aim: The study compared the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation and the extent of DNA damage in T2DM patients undergoing different treatment modalities. Methods: 150 subjects recruited for this study belonged to the age group of 35-65 years. Participants were grouped as healthy controls (n=50), diabetics treated with oral hypoglycemic agent metformin (n=50) and diabetics undergoing combined therapy of insulin and metformin (n = 50). All the participants underwent the assessment of anthropometric measures, baseline blood pressure and blood samples were analysed for FBS, HbA1c, MDA, TAC, Hs-CRP and DNA damage. Results: Analysis using one-way ANOVA showed that despite the same age and duration of T2DM, patients in insulin therapy group had significantly higher levels of oxidative stress, inflammation and DNA damage when compared to T2DM patients treated with metformin alone. Further, significant correlations were observed for the above parameters with the duration of T2DM.Conclusion: The study concludes that oxidative stress, systemic inflammation and cellular senescence are more prominent in T2DM patients undergoing insulin therapy. Poor glycemic control observed in these patients could be attributed to increased insulin resistance as a consequence of oxidative stress and inflammation.
Formulation and Evaluation of Microspheres as an effective Colon Targeting Drug Delivery System
Authors: Singh Alka , Verma Shalu , Parashar Tarun , Dobhal Kiran , Kukreti Gauree
Published: June 2023

The present work comprised of the preparation of coated HPMC capsules of meloxicam microspheres in order to target the drug release in colon resulting in increased absorption and subsequent bioavailability. The meloxicam microspheres were developed in nineteen different batches using HPMC, combination of EC with HPMC, Eudragits (S100, RS100 and E100) in different drug and polymer ratios by solvent evaporation method. The formulation of different batches were examined by various studies i.e. percentage yield, surface morphology (SEM), particle size analysis, entrapment efficiency, drug compatibility with polymers using FTIR and in-vitro drug release determinations. The complex of meloxicam with β-cyclodextrin increased the solubility of the drug accompanying its in-vitro release. The microspheres filled HPMC capsules were coated with eudragit S100 which proved to be an effective method for drug targeting to the colon. A 22 factorial design showed that a very significant increase in release of the drug using polymers i.e. HPMC, E.C with HPMC, Eudragit S100, Eudragit RS100, Eudragit E100 could be obtained by the exclusive manipulation of two variables i.e. surfactant and polymer concentrations. The drug loaded microspheres showed percentage drug entrapment as 35.09-62.50% in A1-A4, 76.29-87.78% in B1-B4, 81.36-92.70% in S1-S4, 65.47-69.4% in RS1-RS4 and 68.91-78.08% in E1-E3. The pH 7.4 phosphate buffer and simulated colonic fluid were used for the in-vitro release tests. The best drug release profiles were seen with formulations A3, B2, RS1, S1 and E2 (containing different ratios of drug: polymer) coated with 15% (w/v) Eudragit S-100 solution.
Validated HPLC and HPTLC Methods for Quantitative analysis of Syringic acid in Calendula officinalis
Authors: Bahadur Shiv , Deshmukh Rohitas
Published: June 2023

Calendula officinalis L. have been recognized as most widely explored medicinal plant which have several pharmacological activities. The flowers of the Calendula officinalis have been used for from ancient time as remedy as Choleretic, phytopharmaceuticals, anti-inflammatory, regenerating, expectorants etc. The several pharmacological activities have been reported form the Calendula officinalis. Several compounds have been identified from the Calendula officinalis extract. Syringic acid have been recognized as important marker compound in the plant. The aim of the present research work was to develop and validate the methods for the quantitative analysis of syringic acid from the Calendula officinalis through RP-HPLC and HPTLC methods. The precision and accuracy of methods were calculated as per ICH guidelines. The developed methods for syringic acid determination were validated. The syringic acid in extract of Calendula officinalis was found 5.36% and 5.22% w/w from HPLC and HPTLC methods respectively. The HPLC and HPTLC methods can be used to determine the authenticity, assay, dissolution studies, bioequivalence studies and routine analysis in pharmaceutical industries.
Evaluation of In-vitro Anti-oxidant and α-amylase inhibition activity of Allium tuberosom and its Phytochemical analysis
Authors: Talukdar Nayan , Das Karabi , Moirangthem Kemina , Barman Indrani
Published: June 2023

Allium tuberosom, a species native to Chinese province of Shanxi and also found in the North-eastern states of India especially Manipur, is well known for its medicinal properties such as antibacterial, cardiac, stimulant, anti-cancer, etc. Fresh samples of Allium tuberosum were collected from Manipur and assayed for the presence of potent phytochemicals. Moreover, the extracts of the sample were also investigated for their anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic activities. Two solvents of varied polarity were used for soxhlet extraction and standard protocols were employed throughout the study. Presence of various phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, etc. was reported. Upon evaluation of anti-oxidant activity by DPPH method, it was recorded that more the concentration of the sample more was its anti-oxidant activity for both the extracts (hexane and methanol), i.e. upto 63.1% for hexane extract and 67.4% for methanol extract. Anti-diabetic activity by α-amylase inhibition assay was also dependent on its concentration. 64.19% for hexane extract and 62.7% for methanol extract of α-amylase inhibiting activity was recorded. The results of the current study prove the potentiality of the species to be further considered as a valuable asset for clinical trials so as to be explored in pharmaceutical purposes.
Quality by Design based pareto charts responses Evaluation approach for a Validated Stability-indicating RP-HPLC assay Method for sunitinib and its process related impurities in Oral Dosage Forms
Authors: Rajashekhar Kasturi , Gangu Naidu Challa , Sai Pavan Kumar Chebolu Naga Sesha , Bheema Shankar Eegala
Published: June 2023

For sunitinib (SUN) and its associated impurities, a simple and rapid stability-indicating liquid chromatographic assay technique was developed. The SUN related impurities in the completed oral dose forms were detected and assessed utilizing the high-pressure liquid chromatography with help of analytical quality by design (AQbD) approach. Impurity quantification necessitates a more comprehensive approach to analytical technique generation. The pareto charts evaluation technique, that is dependent on quality by design, enables for the evaluation of many analytical aspects and their consequences with a small series of investigations. A spiked sample mixture was separated to six specified known SUN impurities as well as undefined degradation products with significant chromatographic resolution. The separation was undertaken on a column of C18 (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 3.5 µm) with a mobile phase flow volume of 1.0 ml in a minute in a gradient elution manner. The mobile phase component A was composed of 20 mM KH2PO4 (pH 7.0), while the mobile phase component B was acetonitrile. Compound detection was conducted out at 268 nm, with the column temperature kept fixed at 40 oC. Stress degradation samples were subjected to oxidation, acid, base, thermal, and photolysis consistent with the endorsements of “International Conference on Harmonization” (Q2) methodology. The established method for SUN and its associated impurities assessment was validated as stability indicating, precise, robust, specific, rugged, and accurate.
Nâng cao chất lượng giảng dạy môn Phương pháp dàn dựng chương trình nghệ thuật tổng hợp cho sinh viên Sư phạm Âm nhạc (Nghiên cứu trường hợp tại Trường Cao đẳng Văn hóa nghệ thuật Đăk Lăk)
Authors: Hoàng Thị Diễm Trinh , Hoàng Thị Nam Phương
Published: June 2023

Phương pháp dàn dựng chương trình nghệ thuật tổng hợp là một trong những môn học trọng tâm của chương trình đào tạo giáo viên sư phạm âm nhạc bậc cao đẳng và đại học. Với kinh nghiệm từ thực tiễn trong đào tạo sinh viên âm nhạc và trực tiếp giảng dạy học phần, trong bài viết này chúng tôi đề xuất các giải pháp nâng cao chất lượng giảng dạy môn Phương pháp dàn dựng chương trình nghệ thuật tổng hợp nhằm cung cấp nguồn tư liệu tham chiếu mới trong hoạt động giảng dạy học phần cho sinh viên sư phạm âm nhạc đạt hiệu quả.
Cảm hứng nhân văn trong truyện ngắn Nguyễn Trí
Authors: Hồ Thị Ngọc Nho
Published: June 2023

Trong Trí Khùng tự truyện, Nguyễn Trí cho rằng: “Với tôi, đơn giản, văn chương phải khiến con người trở nên hướng thiện” (Nguyễn Trí, 2017c). Nhận định trên cũng chính là quan niệm nghệ thuật thể hiện rõ cảm hứng nhân văn trong từng trang viết của ông. Là một nhà văn để lại nhiều dấu ấn của văn học Việt Nam đương đại, Nguyễn Trí khá thành công ở thể loại truyện ngắn khi viết về những mảnh đời cơ cực dưới đáy xã hội, những phận người bất hạnh vật lộn mưu sinh bị đẩy đến tận cùng khổ đau để phơi bày những mặt trái của xã hội; đằng sau vẫn lấp lánh khát vọng sống lương thiện, được làm người đàng hoàng, tử tế và mong mỏi hạnh phúc đời thường dù bé mọn, giản dị.
Estimation of potential epidemic risk in the landslide zone based on physical factors in the Sillapa district
Authors: Oré Cierto Luis Eduardo , Zelaya Moya Ahnel Karen , Loarte Aliaga Wendy Caroline , Diaz Dumont Jorge Rafael , Garcia Curo Gianmarco , Alvarez Ticllasuca Adiel , Torres Huamaní José , Olivera Chura Andres , Buendía Giribaldi Atilio Rodolfo
Published: June 2023

Almost 17% of causes of death due to natural hazards are the product of landslides. Most of them occur in the most deprived places of less developed countries, coexisting a lethal combination of factors that point to this type of tragedies: the natural and the human factor. On the other hand, after a disaster, health care needs and priorities may change; in this sense, the food security of refugees, the supply of drinking water, the disposal of excreta and solid waste, the need for shelters, attention to personal hygiene needs, vector control, attention to injuries after the cleanup activities and the conduct of public health surveillance becomes a priority. To mitigate the disruption, public health authorities must act promptly to avert the adverse effects of the disaster, prevent further damage, and restore public service delivery as soon as possible. In this sense, public health surveillance, epidemiology, can identify local problems and establish priorities for decision-making in the health area. In this article, mention is made of one of the most alarming events that occurred in Sillapata, Peru, where a level 4 landslide affected the infrastructure of the population. Considering an established statistical model, it is possible to predict the zoning of higher risks, and thus establish the most appropriate territorial planning and epidemiological surveillance when similar events reach this population or other populations of the Peruvian State.
Azot Protoksitsiz Düşük Akımlı Desfluran Anestezisinde Remifentanil Ve Fentanil İnfüzyonlarının Hemodinamik Değişiklikler Ve Derlenme Koşulları Açısından Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ŞAHİN Cihan , ÜNAL Dilek
Published: June 2023

Azot protoksitsiz düşük akımlı desfluran anestezisinde remifentanil ve fentanil infüzyonlarının hemodinamik değişiklikler ve derlenme koşulları açısından karşılaştırılması

Cihan Şahin1, Dilek Yazıcıoğlu2

1TOBB ETÜ Hastanesi, Anestezi Ve Reanimasyon Ana Bilim Dalı, Ankara

2Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Anestezi Ve Reanimasyon Ana Bilim Dalı, Ankara

AMAÇ: Azot protoksitsiz düşük akımlı desfluran anestezisinde remifentanil ve fentanil infüzyonlarının hemodinamik değişiklikler ve derlenme koşulları açısından karşılaştırılmasıdır.

YÖNTEM: Elektif kulak cerrahisi geçirecek ve Amerikan Anestezistler Derneği I-II fizyolojik sınıfta 40 yetişkin hasta rastgele Remifentanil (Grup R; n=20) ve Fentanil (Grup F; n=20) gruplarına ayrıldı. Kalp hızı, sistolik, diastolik ve ortalama arter basınçları, periferik oksijen saturasyonu, Bispektral indeks değeri, soluk sonu karbondioksit ve desfluran konsantrasyonları, inspiratuvar oksijen ve karbondioksit monitorize edildi, değerler 5 dk arayla kaydedildi. Grup R’de 1 µg kg-1 yükleme ardından 0,25-1µg kg-1 dk-1 remifentanil infüzyonu başlandı; Grup F’de, fentanil 2 μg kg -1 bolus ardından, 3 μg kg-1 saat -1 infüzyon başlandı, infüzyon her 30 dakika sonunda 0,5 μg kg-1saat-1 azaltıldı ve operasyonun son 10-15 dakikasında sonlandırıldı. Operasyon sonunda ekstübasyon, spontan göz açma zamanı, Aldrete derlenme skoru ≥9 olma süreleri ile istenmeyen olaylar ve tedavileri kaydedildi.

BULGULAR: Gruplar hasta özellikleri bakımından benzerdi. Gruplar arasında diastolik arter basınçları 70 ve 80. dakika ölçümlerinde (Grup R’de daha düşük p=0,0174 ve p=0,0346); ortalama arter basınçları 80 ve 85. dakika ölçümlerinde (Grup R’de daha düşük p=0,04 ve p= 0,03) ve kalp hızında birden fazla ölçüm zamanında fark bulundu. Fentanil uygulanan grupta derlenmenin daha erken olduğu belirlendi; derlenme süresi Grup R: 9,9 ± 2,9 dk, Grup F: 8,4 ±0,9 dk (p= 0,0411).

SONUÇ: Azot protoksitsiz düşük akımlı desfluran anestezisinde remifentanil veya fentanil infüzyonu hemodinamik değişkenler bakımından benzer etkilere sahiptir; her iki ajan bu amaçla güvenle kullanılabilir; azaltılan dozlarda infüzyon şeklinde uygulanan fentanil daha kısa derlenme süresi sağlamakla remifentanilden üstün bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: desflurane, düşük akım anestezi, fentanyl, nitröz oksitsiz, remifentanil
Aromaterapi Makalelerinin Bütüncül Değerlendirilmesi: Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz
Authors: KARABULUT Alpaslan , KESER ŞAHİN Havva Hande , ONGANLAR Yaşar Hüseyin
Published: June 2023

Amaç: Aromaterapi bitkilerin kök, yaprak veya çiçeğini damıtarak elde edilen yağların hastalıkları önlemek ve oluşmuş olan hastalıkları da tedavi etmek amacı ile kullanılmasıdır. Literatür taramasında bu konuda bibliyometrik bir araştırmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu nedenle, bilimsel makaleleri bütünsel olarak analiz etmeyi ve küresel verimlilik ve trend konularını ortaya çıkarmayı amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, Web of Science veri tabanından aromaterapi ile ilgili yayınlanmış 1428 makale (1985-2019) istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Trend konularını, atıf analizlerini ve ülkeler arası işbirliklerini ortaya çıkarmak için bibliyometrik ağ görselleştirme haritaları oluşturulmuştur.

Bulgular : Amerika Birleşik Devletleri 316 yayın (%22,1) ile aromaterapi literatüründe birinci oldu. İngiltere, Japonya, İran ve Avustralya yayın sayıları ile ABD takip etti (sırasıyla 143,136, 126, 74). Complementary Therapies in Medicine (50 makale), Journal Of Alternative And Complementary Medicine (47 makale) ve Evidence-Based Complementary And Alternative Medicine (36 makale) en üretken ilk 3 dergidir. Hur Mh (18 makale) en aktif yazar, Unıversity Of London (32 makale) en aktif kurumdur. Aromaterapi literatüründe en çok alıntı yapılan makale Edris tarafından yayımlanan “Pharmaceutical and therapeutic potentials of essential oils and their individual volatile constituents: A review” oldu. Aromaterapi çalışmalarında kullanılan en trend bitkilerin 111 çalışmada kullanılan Lavanta bitkisi, daha sonra sırayla, Lanalol 16, Bergamot 16, ve 12 yayında da peppermint bitkisinin olduğu gösterilmiştir.

Sonuç : Aramoterapi tıbbın birçok alanında kullanım alanı olduğunu ve küresel olarak uluslararası önemli işbirlikler sayesinde bir çok dünya ülkesinde tedavi amaçlı kullanıldığı gösterilmiştir.