bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Father’s Parenting Stress after the Arrival of a New Child
Authors: Knoester Chris , Petts Richard
Published: November 2020

Objective: This study analyzed the relationship between father identity characteristics and father’s parenting stress over the first five years after a birth. Background: Previous work has considered how father identities shape father involvement, but has not focused on parenting stress. Understanding parenting stress is important as it is linked to fathers’ and children’s well-being. Method: We analyzed Fragile Families (FFCW) data (N = 2,547), using OLS and fixed-effects analyses. The FFCW follows the families of a cohort of new children who were born in large urban areas of the U.S., in the late 1990s.Results: OLS results indicated that positive attitudes about fatherhood, wanting to provide direct care, and having higher levels of support from the birth mother predicted lower levels of father’s parenting stress one year after a birth; father engagement, changes in birth mother’s support, and inconsistent financial support were also significantly associated with parenting stress. Fixed effects results indicated that changes in father engagement were negatively associated with changes in father’s parenting stress over years 1-5; changes in father’s inconsistent financial support were positively associated with parenting stress. Finally, we found evidence that father identity characteristics moderate predictors of parenting stress. Conclusion: Father identities seem to play an important role in shaping fathering experiences and father’s parenting stress. Implications: Fathers should be encouraged and supported in developing more salient father identities and fathering commitments by significant others, family practitioners, and public policies.
Effects of repeated deep-frying on fatty acid profiles of potato fries and frying oils: soybean oil, canola oil and their 1:1 blend
Authors:   Clinical Nutrition Research Centre (CNRC), Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Yeo Michelle Ting Yun , Bi Xinyan ,   Clinical Nutrition Research Centre (CNRC), Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Henry Christiani Jeyakumar ,   Clinical Nutrition Research Centre (CNRC), Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
Published: November 2020

Introduction: This study looked at the fatty acid composition changes in potato fries fried in three different types of oils, namely soybean oil (SO), canola oil (CO), and a 1:1 blend of soybean oil and canola oil (SCO), throughout an intermittent frying process of 80 batches in five consecutive days. The study also examined the fatty acid composition changes in SO, CO and SCO during the frying process. Methods: Fat from potato fries (extracted by Soxtec system) and oil samples from the corresponding frying oil were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) to examine the fatty acid profile changes during the deep-frying process. Results: Linoleic acid (LA) and a-linolenic acid (ALA) in all three oils decreased, while oleic acid (C18:1), stearic acid (C18:0), palmitic acid (C16:0) and octanoic acid (C8:0) increased. Formation of C18:1 trans fatty acid was observed as the frying time increased. The fatty acid composition of the potato fries was consistent with the fatty acid composition of the corresponding frying oils. Conclusion: Our results showed that blending soybean oil and canola oil did not significantly improve the frying stability of the resulting oil in terms of fatty acid profile. Due to the formation of trans fatty acids and the decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acids, our study also recommends not to use the same frying oil repeatedly and not to consume food products cooked in reused oil.
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN BUDI PEKERTI MASYARAKAT JAWA DALAM TRADISI MAGUTI
Authors: Setiawan Kodrat Eko Putro
Published: November 2020

Maguti is a tradition that still exists in the Ngawi community, East Java. This study aims to describe the meaning of equipment symbols and the process of implementation as well as the values of character education contained in the Maguti tradition. The method used in this research is qualitative method. This research was conducted in twenty places in Ngawi Regency, namely Jagir Village, Tulakan, Bayem Taman, Bayem Sidoarjo, Jagir Krajan, Kalitengah, Tempon, Kedungjambe, Plembeku, Gedangan, Mojoagung, Miripencil, Mirirejo, Tretes, Duwet, Duwet Plasong, Duwet Dawungan, Mojorejo, Jomblang, Sampung, Karangdempel. Equipment and process in the implementation of the Maguti tradition as the main study in this study. This research was conducted in Ngawi, East Java, Indonesia. The results of the study are that there are symbols in the form of equipment and the process of implementing the tradition of Maguti. Equipment in the tradition of Maguti are bucu, jenang abang putih, jenang sepuh, banyu suci, kembang setaman, sego udhuk, sego golong, gedhang setangkep, asahan, kopat lepet . Budi Pekerti’s educational values contained in the Maguti tradition are religious values, values of independence, values of caring, values of responsibility, values of mutual respect, values of honesty, and creative values.
Money supply and economic growth of Nepal: ARDL approach
Authors: Kunwar Keshar Bahadur
Published: November 2020

There are a number of theories illustrating the relationship between money supply and gross domestic product. Money supply can be defined as the total stock of money circulating in the economy. The circulating money involves the currency, printed notes, money in the deposit accounts, and in the form of other liquid assets. Valuation of money supply helps analysts and policy makers to frame the policy or to alter the existing policy of increasing or reducing the supply of money. The valuation is important as it ultimately affects the business cycle and thereby affecting the economy. This study sought to provide answers to the question, what are the effects of money supply on the gross domestic product in Nepal? The study undertook a causal research design using time series data from the period 1974/75 to 2017/18 to critically investigate the relationship between money supply and economic growth by establishing an empirical relationship that exists between them. The study employed the Augmented Diky fuller test and ARDL- VECM model. The results indicate the existence of a significant long-run relationship between money supply and economic growth as measured by GDP. LNBM is significant to LNGDP and LNGDP is also significant to LNBM so there is bi-directional causality. There is unidirectional relationship existing between LNINF to LNGDP and LNINF to LNBM. ECTcoefficient vale are negative and the p-value of above three approaches are also less than 5 percent which is desirable for the ARDL model.
Surgical Management of Large Occipital Encephalocoele: A Case Report
Authors: SK Sim , SC Theophilus , AR Noor Azman
Published: November 2020

Cranium dysraphism occur less commonly than spinal dysraphism. Overall, occipital encephalocoeles are more frequent than anterior encephalocoes. A large occipital encephalocoele possess difficulty in surgical intervention, not only the sac contains large amount of herniated brain tissue, but the appropriate positioning for successful intubation as well as the higher rate of surgical complications such as cerebrospinal fluid leakage and skin necrosis. In this case report, surgical management of large occipital encephalocoele is discussed. The use of antibiotics in ruptured encephalocoele is recommended.
The Study On Range Of Motion Of Hip And Knee In Prayer By Adult Muslim Males. A Preliminary Report
Authors: MS Ariff , AA Arshad , MH Johari , MAS Rahimin Affandi , AS Fadzli , NT Mai Ashikin , CM Che Anuar , R Rosazra , AR Norhafiza
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Praying represents a fundamental activity of daily living in Muslim community. Muslims need to adopt several postures that require deep flexion of the knee and hip to perform this daily obligation. This is a preliminary report of the study on hip and knee range of motion conducted to obtain normative passive and functional range of flexion data during Muslim prayers in both weight-bearing joints of normal Muslim adults. Methods: A cohort of Malay men aged between 20 to 30 years was recruited in this cross-sectional study. Passive range of motion and flexion angles of the joints in various postures during prayer were measured using a standard goniometer. The difference against existing normative range of motion database available and the influence of various factors were analysed. Factors analysed include body mass index and other anthropometric measurements. Results: Sixty participants recruited for the preliminary phase of this study. The mean (SD) of passive hip and knee flexions were higher compared to other existing normative range of motion database. A unit increase in body mass index will have 0.782 units lower of knee range of motion. The hip and knee flexion arc were from 74.1° to 119.0° and from 3.3° to 119.7° respectively. Conclusion: The range of motion involved for prayers was more for the knee but less for the hip as compared to the measured passive range of motion. Body mass index has a significant linear negative relationship with the passive range of motion of the knee, but not the hip.
Asthma Control in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Malaysia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: YC Kuan , CH Tan , CM Hong , SH How
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Various initiatives and medications have been introduced to achieve better control of bronchial asthma. However total control according to Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) remains elusive even at tertiary referral hospitals. Our study is to determine the level of asthma control (according to GINA 2009), Asthma Control Test (ACT) scores and the types of medications used among patients with bronchial asthma in a large tertiary hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study of all patients with bronchial asthma who attended the Chest Clinic at Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA) from 2009 to 2011. Patient demographics, self-administered ACT scores, GINA-defined level of asthma control and medications were documented. Results: 208 patients were recruited. There were 23.2%, 46.3% and 30.5% of patients with controlled, partly controlled and uncontrolled asthma respectively. The median ACT scores was 19 [inter quartile range (IQR) 6]. The most frequently used preventer therapy was inhaled long-acting β-agonist/corticosteroids (LABA/ICS) fixed-dose combination (61.7%), and 9.6% were not on preventer therapy. 75% of patients with controlled asthma were on LABA/ICS compared to 58.5% of the partly controlled and uncontrolled groups (p=0.039). Conclusion: The majority of the asthmatic patients attending the Chest Clinic at HTAA did not have GINA-defined controlled asthma. Patients with higher ACT scores had better control of asthma. There were more patients with controlled asthma who were on LABA/ ICS combination.
Association between Self-esteem and Smoking among Religious Schools Students in Petaling District, Selangor
Authors: LO Jinadu , MS Salmiah , AA Azuhairi
Published: November 2020

Introduction : According to the Youth Behaviour Risk Factor Surveillance (YBRFSS, 2011) in Malaysia, the prevalence of smokers nationally among Form 1, 2 and 4 students government secondary school students was 9.1% (ever smokers) and 8.7% (current smokers). However, there is limited information on the prevalence of smoking among religious secondary school students and self-esteem as risk factor. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence and factors associated with smoking among the religious secondary school students in Petaling district, Selangor. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 899 students. The schools were selected using cluster sampling and self-administered questionnaire was used. Data was analyzed using chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression to identify the independent factors for smoking. Results: The response rate was 94%. The prevalence of ever smoking was 10.1%; 3.9% among female and 18.6% among male. The median age (interquartile range) of smoking initiation was 12.00 (4.01) years. The results showed that independent factors for smoking were: males (OR= 5.47); age group 14-15years (OR=2.82) and 16-17 years (OR=3.63) and having low self -esteem (OR=6.24). Conclusion: prevalence of ever smokers is higher when compared to YBRFSS, (2011) and it was revealed that most of the smokers started smoking even before secondary school. The results also revealed the importance of promoting self-esteem. Efforts in smoking prevention should therefore be focused on curbing the initiation of the acts and improving students’ self-worth.
The Impact of Fluid Balances in the First 48 Hours on Mortality in the Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Md Ralib Azrina , Hamzah Norhalini , Nasir Majdiah Syahirah , Mat Nor Mohd Basri
Published: November 2020

Introduction: There has been increasing evidence of detrimental effects of cumulative positive fluid balance in critically ill patients. The postulated mechanism of harm is the development of interstitial oedema, with resultant increase morbidity and mortality. We aim to assess the impact of positive fluid balance within the first 48 hours on mortality in our local ICU population. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a single centre, prospective observational study. All ICU patients more than 18 years were screened for inclusion in the study. Admission of less than 48 hours, post-elective surgery and ICU readmission were excluded. Cumulative fluid balance either as volume or percentage of body weight from admission was calculated over 6, 24 and 48 hour period from ICU admission. Results: A total of 143 patients were recruited, of these 33 died. There were higher cumulative fluid balances at 6, 24 and 48 hours in nonsurvivors compared to survivors. However, after adjusted for severity of illness, APACHE II Score, they were not predictive of mortality. Sensitivity analysis on sub-cohort of patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) showed only an actual 48-hour cumulative fluid balance was independently predictive of mortality (1.21 (1.03 to 1.42)). Conclusions: Cumulative fluid balance was not independently predictive of mortality in a heterogenous group of critically ill patients. However, in subcohort of patients with AKI, a 48-hour cumulative fluid balance was independently predictive of mortality. An additional tile is thus added to the mosaic of findings on the impact of fluid balance in a hetergenous group of critically ill patients, and in subcohort of AKI patients.
Cross-sectional descriptive study of management modalities and quality of life of surgical patients in a palliative care unit
Authors: Y Naing Soe , NM Amjad , KA Karim
Published: November 2020

Introduction: The goal of palliative care is the provision of the best quality of life (QOL) for terminally ill and dying patients. Advances in medical treatment has seen an increase in overall survival of all stages of malignant diseases. This includes advanced and/or inoperable malignancies where management is mainly palliative involving different modalities. Methods: We designed a cross-sectional descriptive study of surgical patients in a palliative care unit in a 1000-bedded teaching hospital in Kuantan, Malaysia. Objectives of this study are: to study the demographic characteristics and indications for admission of surgical patients in palliative care unit, to study the options of treatment modalities and their complications, to identify the barriers in decision making in surgical treatment and finally to objectively assess the quality of life of these patients by utilizing QUALITY OF LIFE (WHOQOL) –BREF –questionnaire. Results: One hundred and one eligible patients (53%) male, (47%) female of mean age of 54yrs, majority Malay and Chinese patients were included in the study. All patients had malignancies and they were Breast (30%), Lower gastrointestinal (GI) (24%), (18%) upper GI, (15%) hepato-biliary, and (7%) pancreatic cancers. Thirty two percents of patients had emergency treatment while the rest had supportive treatment. Barriers to decision making were mainly due to patient factors in 71%, while 12% was due to the disease presenting at an advanced stage and 15% due to limitation of care. The final results of overall quality of life rating were shown as poor (1%), neither poor nor good (42%), good (52%) and very good (2%). Conclusions: Palliative care and end of life decision making from surgical point of view is a delicate issue. Like all other fields in medicine, palliative care must be evidence-based with specific goal directed therapy. Our study shows that we are able to positively impact the quality of life in more than two thirds of our patients. Our aim is to achieve 100% success. As such, it is imperative to inculcate the goal of palliative care to all grades of health care personnel. ‘To cure sometimes, To relieve often, To comfort always’ should not be mere words.
A Comparative Study on the Inter-Session and InterExaminer Reliability of Corneal Power Measurement Using Various Keratometry Instruments
Authors: Syah MM Md Muziman , HA Mutalib , MS Sharanjeet Kaur , MK Khairidzan Khairidzan
Published: November 2020

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate inter-session repeatability, inter-examiner reproducibility and inter-device agreement of corneal power measurements from manual keratometer, autokeratometer, topographer, Pentacam high resolution and IOLMaster. Methods: Two sets of mean corneal power measurements (n=40) were compared for inter-session repeatability and inter-examiner reproducibility in each instrument. Repeatability and reproducibility were evaluated by within-subject standard deviation (Sw), coefficient of variation (COV) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). A oneway repeated measures analysis of variance was conducted to compare differences in the corneal power between each instrument pair. The Bland and Altman analysis and Pearson’s correlation were employed to assess agreement and determine strength of relationship between measurements. Results: There were no significant differences in mean corneal power measurements between 2 different visits (p > 0.05). The Sw and COV values between 2 visits were lower than 0.09 D and 0.20 % respectively. The ICCs were stronger than 0.99 in all instruments. For reproducibility of each instrument, differences of the measurements between 2 different examiners were also insignificant (p > 0.05). The Sw and COV values between 2 examiners were lower than 0.11 D and 0.23 % respectively. The ICCs were 0.99 and above in all instruments. The 95% limit of agreement between instruments ranged from -0.29 to 1.13 D and the r-values were stronger than 0.84. Conclusion: The corneal power measurements using these 5 instruments were repeatable and reproducible. These instruments can also be used interchangeably, however the topographer should be used with caution.
‘I can’t pray’ – The spiritual needs of Malaysian Muslim patients suffering from depression
Authors: MR Ahmad Nabil , SM Saini , N Nasrin , R Bahari , S Sharip
Published: November 2020

Introduction: The mainstay of treatment of depression relies on pharmacological and psychological treatments. On top of that, evidence also recognizes the vital role of spirituality for human wellness which leads to growing interest in its utilization to treat depression. However, research on spirituality among Muslims in relation to depression is relatively scarce. The aim of this study is to explore the understanding of spirituality among Muslim patients with depression, and to explore their spiritual needs. Methods: This is a qualitative study conducted on 10 depressed Muslim patients at the UKM Medical Centre. Purposive sampling was done to ensure diversity of subjects. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted using semistructured questionnaire guidelines. The data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using a thematic approach. Result: Out of 10 patients, almost all of them expressed spiritual needs. Two major themes emerged in relation to the spiritual needs which are (i) religious needs; need for worship, religious knowledge and guidance, religious reminders, and (ii) existential needs; need for calmness, sensitivity and empathy, self-discipline, certainty, hope , physical help, ventilate and meaning of illness. These needs are essential for patients during the time of crisis. Conclusion: The majority of patients expressed spiritual needs which are required during the process of recovery and this provides an opportunity to incorporate spiritual approaches in the treatment of depression. However, more studies are needed to demonstrate its scientific basis and to design an effective psycho-spiritual treatment modality so that the ‘holistic’ or ‘biopsychosocial-spiritual’ treatment can be integrated by health care professionals to those in need.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Smoking among International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Communities
Authors: AH Nurul ‘Izzati , AR Nor Azlina , AR Nor Iza , H Mainul
Published: November 2020

Smoking is an issue that has spread around the world throughout the years. The majority of smokers have the intention to quit smoking, but due to some factors, it may prevent their intention. Research and interventions have been done in many countries to decrease the smoking prevalence. This cross-sectional study aimed to find out the associations of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards smoking and to identify the factors associated with knowledge and attitude towards smoking, in priority to sociodemographic factors among the International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan (IIUMK) communities, including between students and workers. One hundred fifteen respondents of students and workers from IIUMK were investigated with a self-administered questionnaire starting from 10-01-2014 to 10-02-2014. The data were analysed using SPSS software. Respondents had good knowledge and practice, and moderate attitude towards smoking. There was weak positive correlation between knowledge with attitude (r=+0.193, p=0.038) and practice (r=+0.206, p=0.028), also moderate correlation between attitude and practice towards smoking (r=+0.626, p<0.001). There was no factor found to be associated with knowledge, but significant association was found between attitude towards smoking with gender (p<0.001), education level (p=0.016) and smoking status (p<0.001). Although, the mean values of KAP levels were higher for workers, but it was not statistically significant as compared to the students. These study findings suggested that the main obligation are more for students to improve their KAP level towards smoking as they are fresh generation who will educate and lead the upcoming generation of Malaysia.
Personal And Professional Characteristics Of A Good Muslim Doctor: Perception Of Newly Graduated Doctors
Authors: AN Azmi , J Jamilah , MR Dzulkhairi , S Ramli , O Ariff , NM Nasri Ismail
Published: November 2020

Introduction: The Medical Faculty of Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) aims to produce good Muslim doctors (GMD) who are able to practise medicine that is integrated with Islamic values. Islamic courses and Medical Ethics are integrated into the curriculum in its effort to provide adequate Islamic knowledge and nurturing professionalism as a process of personal and professional development (PPD) within the framework of Islamic teaching. The objective of the study was to evaluate the perception of graduates and students of characteristics of a GMD. Method: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the participants. The respondents were asked to rate their level of agreement or disagreement on the statements that represent the characteristics of a GMD. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out using SPSS version 18.0. The mean, median and inter quartile ranges of the characteristics were determined and differences between the groups were analysed using Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Results showed significant difference between gender for the item “Conscious of professional ethics” (p=0.021). Significant differences were seen in the median scores between the graduates and the final year students in four out of six items for personal characteristic. Conclusion: Islamic input in the medical curriculum and the teaching of professionalism has an impact on graduate perception of characteristics of a GMD. Further improvement in the teaching of professionalism among undergraduates is necessary in order to promote greater impact on the understanding and internalization of characteristics of a GMD. The Islamic input in the medical curriculum can thus be regarded as the blueprint for PPD of medical undergraduates to become a GMD.
Dysphagia Lusoria: A Case Report
Authors: F Nik Qisti , Niza AS Shahrun , R Razrim
Published: November 2020

Aberrant right subclavian artery is a rare cause of dysphagia. This is a congenital anomaly with the right subclavian artery originating from the dorsal part of the aortic arch and coursing through the mediastinum between the esophagus and the vertebral column. We report a case of a patient with chronic dysphagia caused by this condition. We further discuss the case with regards to its clinical features and options of management.
Perforated Incisional Littre’s Hernia: A Rare Content of a Common Hernia
Authors: Al Kumarappan , S Norly , Tay Samuel , C Vicknesh
Published: November 2020

Anticipation of complications is of paramount importance for a surgeon. Incisional hernia is a well-known complication for abdominal surgeries. Risk factors such as increasing age, obesity, male gender are well known. Intestinal obstruction, strangulation and perforation are imminent complications of this type of hernia if they become incarcerated. Common contents of a ventral incisional hernia are small bowel, large bowel and omentum. Even though Meckel’s diverticulum is a common gastrointestinal anomaly, it is rarely found to be the content of a hernial sac. A hernia sac containing Meckel’s diverticulum is also known as Littre’s hernia. Only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Thus here we present a case of perforated Meckel’s diverticulum that was entrapped in the ventral incisional hernia.
Systematic Review on the Functional Status of Elderly Hip Fracture Patients using Katz Index of Activity of Daily Living (Katz ADL) Score
Authors: MA Sharkawi , SM Zulfarina , SMZ Aqilah-SN , NM Isa , AM Sabarul , AS Nazrun
Published: November 2020

Hip fractures cases are common in elderly population. After a hip fracture, around 80% of patients were unable to carry out at least one independent activity of daily living (ADL). This review attempted to provide an evidence-based literature on ADL of elderly hip fracture patients. A computerised literature search using Medline (OVID) and Scopus databases were conducted to identify relevant studies on ADL of elderly hip fracture patients that was assessed with Katz ADL score. Only articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in this review. Initial search identified 314 potentially relevant articles but after careful screening, only 5 full-text articles were selected for the present review. Three studies showed an increase dependent level of the patients’ ADL after hip fractures. Two studies showed not more than half of the patients were unable to regain their pre-fracture ADL level after one year of hip fracture incidence. Feeding/eating showed the highest independent activity while bathing was the lowest independent activity among patients. In conclusion, elderly hip fracture patients have declined ADL with the risk that they may never regain their pre-fracture ADL level.
The Antimalarial Properties Of Essential Oils Of The Leaves Of Malaysian Plectranthus Amboinicus (Lour) Spreng In Mice Infected With Plasmodium Berghei
Authors: R. Norazsida , O. Pakeer , M. Taher
Published: November 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical contents and antimalarial properties of the oils extracted from the leaves of Malaysian Plectranthus amboinicus in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. The essential oils were extracted and prepared by using steam distillation technique and subjected to phytochemical screening by using GC-MS. Antimalarial activity of different extract doses of the essential oil was tested in vivo in ICR mice infected with Plasmodium berghei (PZZ1/100) during early, established and residual infections. In all, 5 compounds made up 88.34% of total oil and the major chemical compounds were carvacrol (85.14%), thymoquinone (1.65%), terpinen-4-ol (0.70%), octenol (0.62%) and thymol (0.23%). Antimalarial assay showed this essential oil as a potential prophylactic agent with the percentage chemosuppression of 45.23%, 18.28%, 45.38% and 58.26% while treated with 50, 200, 400 and 1000 µL/kg respectively of essential oil and curative agent with percentage of chemo suppression of 54.10%, 47.35%, 56.75% and 65.38% while treated with the above dose of essential oil. Statistically no reduction of parasitemia was calculated for suppressive test. The extract has prophylactic and curative effects on P.berghei in mice.
Effect of Flaxseed Extract on the Liver Histological Structure in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Al-Ani Imad M. , Abired Ahmed N. , Mustafa Basma E. , Abdel Wahab Emad N. , Azzubaidi Marwan S.
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus has become a serious warning to mankind health all over the world. The management goal of diabetes is to keep blood glucose levels as close as possible to healthy individuals. Medications used to treat diabetes are usually associated with complications and may cause different side effects. Many traditional anti-diabetic plants have become popular in the management of diabetes mellitus. Flaxseed has been used as traditional medicine for centuries. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of flaxseed extract in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes mellitus was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats using a single injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg i.p.). The rats were divided into five groups of 8 rats each. Group NC, normal control rats; Group NF, normal rats treated with flaxseed extract (400 mg/kg); Group DC, diabetic control rats; Group DG, diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide (0.6 mg/kg); Group DF, diabetic rats treated with flaxseed extract (400 mg/kg); for 4 weeks. Results: There were significant increase in relative liver weight, blood glucose levels in DC group comparing to NC group (p<0.05). The disturbance of these parameters was ameliorated in DF and DG groups. Histological observation revealed congestion of central veins, degeneration of hepatocytes, and reduced glycogen granules in DC group. These pathological changes were ameliorated in the flaxseed extract and glibenclamide treated rats. Conclusion: Flaxseed extract may represent a candidate alternative treatment to control diabetes mellitus and its related hepatopathy.
Facial Subcutaneous Emphysema As A Rare Complication Of Tonsillectomy
Authors: Paul Mark , Asmi Najihah Hanim , Ibrahim Rohaida , Omar Eshamsol Kamar , Mohamad Irfan
Published: November 2020

Tonsillectomy is a very common procedure in Otolaryngology practice. Common complications include bleeding, which can be primary or secondary due to infection of the tonsillar bed. Subcutaneous emphysema after a tonsillectomy is very rare. We report a 19-year-old girl who developed cervicofacial subcutaneous emphysema several hours after tonsillectomy with successful conservative treatment outcome.
Curso braille básico: avaliação do alcance dos objetivos
Authors: Faustino Regina Helena , Hildenbrand Lucí
Published: November 2020

Esta obra faz parte da Série Estudos Avaliativos Multidisciplinares, sob organização de Ligia Gomes Elliot, Lígia Silva Leite.
O livro didático de Língua Portuguesa e a BNCC: construção de instrumento avaliativo
Authors: Silva Sinézio Gomes da , Vilarinho Lúcia Regina Goulart
Published: November 2020

Esta obra faz parte da Série Estudos Avaliativos Multidisciplinares, sob organização de Ligia Gomes Elliot, Lígia Silva Leite.
SOCIAL MEDIA AS AN EFFECTIVE PASTORAL TOOL
Authors: Gralczyk Aleksandra
Published: November 2020

An omnipresent civilization progress causes religion and moral values to become less and less important aspects of life for young people. A significant drop is noticed in the number of people attending Sunday Mass and praying regularly. At the same time, the number of non-believers is rising. Also, among young people labelling themselves as believing and practicing, a change in how they experience their faith can be observed. Those people search very often for evidence of personal faith testimony and sincere communication. Young people also desire to actively participate in the believers’ community which is witnessed, for example, by being a member of different groups present in social media. Therefore, in this article, the author attempts to answer the question as to whether religious activity aimed at young people via social media is indeed effective. To answer that question, the author decided to put a couple of chosen forms of social media under analysis.
The Return of N’Guyen Van Binh
Authors: Read Geoff
Published: November 2020

This article explores the case of N’Guyen Van Binh, a South Vietnamese political prisoner exiled for his alleged role in “Poukhombo’s Rebellion” in Cambodia in 1866. Although Van Binh’s original sentence of exile was reduced to one year in prison he was nonetheless deported and disappeared into the maw of the colonial systems of indentured servitude and forced labor; he likely did not survive the experience. He was thus the victim of injustice and his case reveals the at best haphazard workings of the French colonial bureaucracy during the period of transition from the Second Empire to the Third Republic. While the documentary record is entirely from the perspective of the colonizers, reading between the lines we can also learn something about Van Binh himself including his fierce will to resist his colonial oppressors.
The Role of Russia in the Formation of a Post-Pandemic World Order Timur B. Golam
Authors:   International Relations Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Golam T.B.
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the role of Russia in the economic, political and social aspects of the СOVID-19 pandemic. The author considers publications of world leading research centers and think tanks as well as foreign policy decisions of leading world powers, considers relations between Russia and the United States as one of the most influential actors in the international struggle against the COVID-19 pandemic. Particular attention is paid to comparing different approaches to the international struggle against various epidemics and pandemics at the present stage. In conclusion the author makes a forecast on the possibility of the formation of a new world order in the post-pandemic period.
COVID-19 in Indonesia
Authors:   IMEMO RAS, Rogozhina N.G.
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes the political and socio-economic risks of the COVID-19 epidemic and the reasons for its rapid spread in Indonesia, which outstripped other Southeast Asian countries in terms of deaths from coronavirus infection. The author notes that the epidemiological crisis is not only a medical problem, but also affected the sphere of politics, causing an aggravation of the conflict of interests between the government and the provincial authorities by the nature of the measures taken to curb the spread of the epidemic. Its economic consequences will be a decrease in economic growth, an increase in the number of unemployed and deepening of the problem of inequality and poverty. Awareness of these economic risks determines the government strategy to combat COVID-19.
Internal and External Political and Economic Activities of the New Government of Papua New Guinea during COVID-19
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of science (MOSCOW), Miklouho-Maclay N.N.
Published: November 2020

The article examines the internal and external policies of the government of Papua New Guinea during the state of emergency imposed in PNG due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis is given for the prospects of PNG’s development and for the government measures to improve the investment opportunities of the country. The period from the beginning of 2020 to the decision to lift the state of emergency on June 16, 2020 is considered.
The Eternal God's Response to Man's Cry in His Passing “Days” and “Years” (Ps 90)
Authors: Witczyk Henryk
Published: November 2020

In Ps 90, the poet expresses his perception of man's time as marked by dynamic of passing away, fear of death, destruction, and futility. At the same time, he speaks of God's “eternity” as “You are” (v. 2). He discovers the astonishing influence of “eternity” on “time.” The prayer of the “servants” makes the distant God (full of anger and indignation – v. 11) come close to them and act in their fleeting time to evoke His “mercy,” “steadfast love,” “joy” “glorious power,” thereby making time “stable” and “permanent” (v. 17). This is anchored in God's eternity, even in God's “You are” (v. 2). In the short and transient “days” and “years” of His “servants” and their “sons,” God writes an intense experience of His eternity. The extraordinary coexistence, even the interpenetration of time and eternity in the experience of the believer (people), is perhaps the most crucial theological intuition of Ps 90.
Transformation of Education: Threat or Limitless Opportunities?
Authors: Okhlupina O. V.
Published: November 2020

In recent decades there have been many disputes about the viability of Russian education. Supporters of radical changes argue that it is ineffective in the new conditions of the global transition to digital. Schools and universities are intimidated by a generation of “zetas” who “do not succumb” to standard approaches, spending most of their free time online, with clip thinking, inability to concentrate for a long time, and other difficulties and peculiarities. Opponents of digitalization are trying to protect teenagers from unlimited use of gadgets. There are discussions about how to use digital devices wisely and without harming their health. In the spring of 2020 the situation develops in such a way that the “harm” from the long-term communication of young people with gadgets becomes incomparable with the possibility of stopping the learning process. Educational institutions are urgently moving to work in a remote format. In the course of this situation, this is the only way out. The transition reveals many problems that, if possible, are solved during the process. It becomes obvious that it is impossible to use distance learning as the only possible format of work. What the future will be like depends on many factors. Will it remain universal with a sign of quality of traditional Russian education or will it undergo a radical transformation? Employers rely on creative employees who are efficient in multitasking and capable of continuous self-education throughout their lives. The concept of life-long learning continues to be a trend, without giving up its positions. The purpose of this article is to find out whether the new generation of young people is so different that all approaches of the traditional education system are broken down about their “armor”. Or under the flag of Generation Z the idea of a radical transition to a completely new education is being promoted.
The Issue of Differences in the Phonetic System of Chinese in Mainland China and Taiwan (In Terms of Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language in Russia)
Authors: Meng-Wei Tang
Published: November 2020

In recent years, against the background of comprehensive strengthening of relations between Russia and China, the number of Chinese language students in Russia has increased significantly. Linguistic and didactic research on the Chinese language is becoming a productively developing area. The Chinese language on the two shores of the Taiwan Strait in the 20th century has undergone significant changes due to various political, economic, cultural and social factors. The article attempts to consider the phonetic differences of the modern Chinese language in the aspect of its study in Russia, with the hieroglyphs, which are most often found in Chinese textbooks used in Russian educational institutions, being chosen as the educational material. The article also provides a classification of phonetic differences between words and phrases, which will help teachers and students to trace in more detail the evolution of the modern Chinese language and predict its further development.
Linguistic Implementation of Students Legal Competence
Authors: Belous E. S. , Zavrazhin V. V.
Published: November 2020

The authors of the article make linguistic analysis of students’ legal competence and try to reveal the ways of linguistic implementation of the legal competence corresponding to its components. Such methods include: construction of statements in the legal sphere, analysis of legal information, interpretation of legal information, interpretation and commenting on legal norms, drafting and editing of documents in the legal sphere (legal, official business), drafting legal requests, search for legal information. These methods are characterized in terms of form of speech and type of speech activity. The sections of linguistics and related disciplines are defined, the knowledge of which will allow students to demonstrate a high level of language training. Linguistic indicators of the formation of legal competence are established. Variants of tasks and exercises are proposed to visualize and record the presence / absence / degree of use of language indicators in students’ speech. The study of the ways of linguistic implementation of students’ legal competence will allow developing an effective method of defining the level of its formation.
Motivation of Adults in the System of Additional Education
Authors: Molkin A. V.
Published: November 2020

The article considers the educational motivation of adults undergoing professional retraining or improving their skills in educational organizations of additional education as a multi-level system. The first level of this system is the employer’s motivation, which should have an impact on external motives (material prosperity and career development) and internal motives (personal self-improvement). The second level is the motivation on the part of the course manager, who represents the course and the teachers who implement it in a beneficial light. The final link in this system is the motivation on the part of teachers who teach specific disciplines, and the organizational and methodological conditions of motivation are based on the life experience of trainees, the priority of independent work, individualization of training, its activities, etc. The system of motivation should act in such a way that trainees continue self-education after graduation.
A System of Objectives for Teaching Discrete Mathematics to Future Mathematics and Informatics Teachers within an Integrative and Modular Approach to Education
Authors: Deza E. I. , Kotova L. V. , Model D. L.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the theoretical foundations, methodological features and practical problems of teaching discrete mathematics to future teachers of mathematics and computer science in terms of integrative-modular approach to the organization of the educational process. In particular, the multilevel system of purposes of continuous teaching discrete mathematics according to the scheme “school — bachelor — master” is constructed. The role of discrete mathematics in the modern world, science and education is analyzed. The necessity of introduction to the basic questions of discrete content line of schoolchildren and students is justified. The place of discipline “Discrete Mathematics” in the system of modern domestic general and higher education is revealed. Methodical expediency of development and implementation in the pedagogical practice of continuous learning methods of discrete mathematics in the system “school — bachelor — master” on the basis of integrative-modular approach to the organization of the educational process is justified. Based on the basic provisions of the competence approach, guided by the principles of fundamentality, continuity, integrativeness, professional orientation and modularity, a multi-level model of subject competencies — a system of goals for teaching discrete mathematics to future teachers of mathematics and computer sciences has been developed. The issues of practical implementation of the developed method are considered.
Intersektionale Inklusion? Disability Studies und Kritische Migrationsforschung als Alternativen zu hegemonialer Wissensproduktion
Authors: More Rahel , Ratkovic´ Viktorija
Published: November 2020

Dieser Beitrag thematisiert ungleiche Machtverhältnisse sowie Prozesse der Veränderung in der Wissensproduktion und -vermittlung, wofür Inklusion sowie Intersektionalität als analytische Werkzeuge dienen. Im Fokus steht dabei die Erziehungswissenschaft, die sich zwar bereits länger mit dem Zusammendenken sozialer Kategorien auseinandersetzt, weniger jedoch aus einer explizit intersektionalen und machtanalytischen Perspektive. Ausgehend von Entwicklungen in den Disability Studies sowie der Kritischen Migrationsforschung basiert unsere Argumentation für eine intersektionale Inklusion in Wissensproduktion und -vermittlung auf der Kritik dieser beiden Forschungsrichtungen an hegemonialen Ansätzen. Wir erachten insbesondere einen explizit feministischen Zugang als notwendig dafür, Inklusion und Intersektionalität zusammen zu denken. Der Beitrag zeigt auf, dass eine kritische Reflexion mehrdimensionaler Benachteiligungen und Privilegierungen nicht zuletzt im Kontext erziehungswissenschaftlicher Forschung und Lehre eine produktive Herausforderung ist.
THE IMPORTANCE OF CENTRAL CHOLINERGIC SYSTEMS ACTIVATION IN TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
Authors: Ziablitsev S.V. , Khudoley S.O.
Published: November 2020

Relevance. It is known that in traumatic brain injury (TBI), the activity of the central cholinergic systems (CChS) is inhibited, the release of acetylcholine and the expression of cholinergic receptors decrease. The restoration of cholinoreactivity is an urgent area of research and a possible therapeutic direction.

Objective – to determine the effect of CChS activation on mortality, neurological disorders, and the activity of the pituitary-corticoadrenal system (PCAS) in the acute period of TBI.

Material and methods. TBI was simulated with a free load’s fall on a fixed animal head. To activate the CChS, rats were injected with choline alfoscerate (gliatilin, 6 mg/kg) before the injury, physiological saline was injected in the control group. Neurological deficits were assessed using the 100-point Todd scale. In blood plasma, 3, 24, 48, and 72 hours after injury, the content of adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone was determined by the enzyme immunoassay method (DSL; USA). The results were statistically processed using the SPSS 11.0, MedStat, MedCalc software.

Results. Mortality in the control group was 25.0%, in the group with activation of the CChS there were no lethal cases (p<0.05). The neurological deficit in the group with CChS activation was significantly less pronounced compared to the control at all periods of observation. The hormone content had a similar dynamics: it reached a maximum after 24 hours and recovered after 72 hours, however, upon activation of the CChS, the increase was 1.4-1.5 times less (p<0.05). Thus, the use of choline alfoscerate for modeling the CChS activity led to a decrease in mortality and neurological deficit in the acute period of TBI, which was accompanied by a stabilizing PCAS function.

Conclusion. The important role of CChS in the implementation of post-traumatic stress reaction of PCAS, as well as the possibility of its pharmacological correction with choline alfoscerate, was established.