bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KESALAHAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL MATERI PYTHAGORAS BERDASARKAN TEORI NEWMAN
Authors: N Khotimatuzzulfah , Khabibah Siti , Saâ€™adah Nihayatus
Published: December 2023

Salah satu aspek yang dinilai dalam pembelajaran matematika ialah pemahaman konsep. Konsep merupakan ide atau pendapat yang terbentuk dengan mempertimbangkan beberapa sifat yang sama dari sekelompok bagian yang serasi. Pythagoras ialah materi matematika yang masih banyak dilakukan kesalahan konsep oleh siswa. Karena itu, perlu melakukan analisis guna meminimalkan terjadinya kesalahan konsep oleh siswa. Tujuan pelaksanaan penelitian ini ialah mengetahui jenis kesalahan konsep pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Sunan Ampel Jombang dalam menyelesaikan soal materi Pythagoras. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian delapan belas siswa kelas VIII B SMP Sunan Ampel Jombang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan wawancara dengan instrumen penelitian ialah peneliti, tes, pedoman wawancara, dan lembar validasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan jenis kesalahan konsep yang dilakukan siswa kelas VIII B SMP Sunan Ampel Jombang yaitu kesalahan membaca (reading error) persentase 5,6%, kesalahan memahami masalah (comprehension error) persentase 11,2%, kesalahan transformasi masalah (transformation error) persentase 50%, kesalahan keterampilan proses (process skill error) persentase 16,6%, dan kesalahan penulisan jawaban (encoding error) persentase 16,6%.
PENERAPAN MEDIA GEOGEBRA PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Sutriningsih Naning , Rahayu Siti
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) apakah ada perbedaan hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan media pembelajaran GeoGebra dengan yang tidak menggunakan media pembelajaran GeoGebra dan (2) manakah hasil belajar yang lebih baik antara siswa yang menggunakan media pembelajaran GeoGebra dengan yang tidak menggunakan media pembelajaran GeoGebra. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI jurusan IIS dengan sampel 60 siswa kelas XI IIS 2 dan XI IIS 3 yang dipilih menggunakan cluster random sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan instrumen tes dan dianalisis menggunakan uji t dengan sebelumnya telah melakukan uji normalitas dan homogenitas. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) ada perbedaan hasil belajar antara siswa yang menggunakan media pembelajaran GeoGebra dengan yang tidak menggunakan media pembelajaran GeoGebra dan (2) hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan media pembelajaran GeoGebra lebih baik dari hasil belajar siswa yang tidak menggunakan media pembelajaran GeoGebra.
KEEFEKTIFAN SDL DENGAN STUDENT CENTERED APPROACH TERHADAP SELF EFFICACY DAN PENALARAN MATEMATIS
Authors: Tuzahro Fatimah , Isnani  , Ponoharjo
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan model pembelajaran Self Direct Learning dengan pendekatan Student Centered Approach daripada model pembelajaran konvensional terhadap Self Efficacy dan Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis pada materi turunan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI SMA N 5 Tegal Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Cluster Random Sampling. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 105 peserta didik yang terdiri dari tiga kelas. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, dokumentasi, angket dan tes. Intrumen penelitian berupa angket Self Efficacy dan tes kemampuan penalaran matematis peserta didik dan telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas pada taraf signifikan 5%. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji proporsi, uji one sample t test, uji independent t test, uji manova dan uji τ! hotelling yang sebelumnya dilakukan uji prasyarat terlebih dahulu yaitu uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran Self Direct Learning dengan pendekatan Student Centered Approach terhadap Self Efficacy dan Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis itu lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan model pembelajaran konvensional.
Bimbingan Teknis Desain Dan Rencana Anggaran Biaya Pembangunan Lanjutan Masjid Darul Muttaqin Kota Malang
Authors: Fauzi Akbar Rahmawan  , Radhia Jatu Noviarsita Sakti  , Utami Retno Pudjowati  , Diah Lydianingtias  , Zulmy Faqihuddin Putera
Published: December 2023

Masjid Darul Muttaqin yang berada di JL. Selorejo gang masjid RW.15 Kel. Lowokwaru Kec. Lowokwaru Kota Malang merupakan fasilitas ibadah yang dimiliki warga sekitar. Masjid yang sudah berdiri puluhan tahun ini sudah mengalami berbagai perbaikan dan pembangunan yang belum terselesaikan hingga saat ini. Masjid tersebut saat ini sedang mengembangkan pembangunan lantai 2, namun pekerjaan yang baru diselesaiakan baru sebatas pekerjaan struktur dan belum menyelesaikan pekerjaan asitektur. Sehingga diperlukan rencana desain dan perhitungan biaya untuk dapat menyelesaiakan proses pembangunan masjid tersebut agar dapat dimanfaatkan secara maksimal oleh para jamaah. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah dengan wawancara dan survey kondisi Masjid. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara diketahui bahwa pekerjaan pembangunan tidak dilakukan dengan mengikuti gambar kerja. Sehingga membuat pekerjaan pembangunan masjid tidak terkonsep. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dilakukan penyususunan desain interior dan perhitungan biaya pembangunan  yang membutuhkan dana sebesar Rp. 199.641.600
Bimbingan Teknis Pembuatan RAB Pengembangan Jaringan Irigasi Tersier Poktan Mekar Jaya I
Authors: Medi Efendi  , Zettyara Devi , Mona Shinta Safitri  , Henny Purwaningsih
Published: December 2023

Kelompok tani (Poktan) Mekar Jaya I merupakan salah satu dari 8 poktan yang berada di satu Daerah Irigasi (DI) Kali Jilu di bawah kewenangan Kabupaten Malang. Poktan Mekar Jaya I tepatnya berlokasi di Desa Sidorejo yaitu salah satu Desa yang berada dalam wilayah Kecamatan Jabung. Poktan Mekar Jaya I memiliki luas areal layanan sebesar 91 ha. Berdasarkan analisa situasi yang telah dilakukan, maka kegiatan PPM ini bertujuan untuk membantu mitra dalam perhitungan dana yang dibutuhkan untuk pengembangan jaringan irigasi. Tahapan awal dimulai dengan penelusuran jaringan irigasi tersier yaitu mengumpulkan foto kondisi di lapangan. Tahapan berikutnya adalah analisa tingkat kerusakan dan rekomendasi pengembangan jaringan irigasi tersier. Tahapan terakhir adalah perhitungan dana yang dibutuhkan untuk pengembangan jaringan irigasi tersier berupa dokumen Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB). RAB dihitung berdasarkan gambar desain pengembangan jaringan irigasi tersier Poktan Mekar Jaya I, yang merupakan hasil rekomendasi pembaharuan dan rehabilitasi dari kondisi di lapangan. Hasil analisa menunjukkan total biaya pengembangan jaringan irigasi tersier Poktan Mekar Jaya I adalah Rp x.xxx.xxx.xxx,xx. Rusaknya salah satu sarana dan prasarana irigasi akan memberikan dampak pada kinerja sistem yang ada, sehingga dengan adanya perhitungan RAB ini dapat membantu Poktan Mekar Jaya I untuk memaksimalkan fungsi jaringan irigasinya.
Pembuatan Alat Peraga Instalasi Listrik Sebagai Alat Pembelajaran di SMKS Sunan Kalijogo Jabung Kab. Malang
Authors: B.E. Prasetyo  , Sulistyowati  , R.A.Ananto  , A.Hariz  , Priya Surya Harijanto
Published: December 2023

Instalasi listrik rumah tangga harus dipasang secara baik dan benar oleh orang yang telah menjalani pelatihan khusus / Pendidikan. Di sisi lain, pemasangan instalasi listrik rumah tangga merupakan peluang bagi tumbuhnya lapangan kerja baru khususnya bagi para pelajar .Pada SMKS Sunan Kalijogo, Jabung Memiliki Program Keahlian keteknikan yang terbagi menjadi jurusan Komputer, Listrik, dan Mesin. Setelah dilakukan wawancara dan survey secara langsung ke lokasi, didapati laboratorium kelistrikan / bengkel listrik belum memiliki alat peraga untuk instalasi listrik yang memadahi. Hal tersebut akan membuat kualitas pembelajaran praktik kurang relevan dengan kebutuhan di pasaran. Dilatarbelakangi hal tersebut yang mendasari pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat  ini akan memberikan / merancang alat peraga instalasi listrik yang secara kualitas dan kebutuhan pengetahuan teknologi instalasi listrik terbaru dapat terpenuhi, terutama untuk instalasi listrik di rumah / hunian.
MESIN PENETAS OTOMATIS UNTUK BUDIDAYA AYAM BANGKOK
Authors: Saputra Masramdhani , Sigit Setya Wiwaha  , Satria Luthfi Hermawan  , Anang Dasa Nofvowan  , Hanifiyah Darna Fidya Amaral
Published: December 2023

Mesin penetas telur yang ada dipasaran saat ini adalah mesin penetas yang bekerja secara konvensional, artinya pengaturan suhu dan kelembaban udara ruang penetas dilakukan oleh manusia. Pada penetasan telur, suhu merupakan faktor penting agar telur dapat menetas. Untuk dapat menetaskan telur dibutuhkan suatu alat yang dapat mengontrol suhu dan dapat menstabilkan suhu di dalam ruangan tersebut. Maka dari dibuat lah alat penetas ini agar dapat mengontrol suhu dalam ruang yang berisi telur. Suhu ideal yang dibutuhkan telur pada saat proses pengeraman berkisar antara 36°C - 38°C. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengimplementasikan pengontrol suhu dan kelembaban untuk tempat pengeraman telur agar dapat meningkatkan persentase penetasan telur. Pengontrol ini dibuat agar pengeraman telur manual menjadi otomatis. Sistem ini akan menjaga suhu dan kelembaban tetap ideal sesuai dengan yang dibutuhkan. Pengujian yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini antara lain adalah kalibrasi suhu dan kelembaban yang menggunakan pengukur suhu dan kelembaban standard dengan suhu dan kelembaban yang diterima oleh sensor yang digunakan.Berdasarkan hasil pengujian sistem, alat ini dapat mencapai set point temperatur yang diinginkan dan dapat membuat suhu dalam ruang alat tersebut stabil.
Bimbingan Teknis Perencanaan Pembangunan Pengembangan TPQ Masjid Al-Ishlah Di RW 02 Kelurahan Dinoyo, Kecamatan Lowokwaru, Kota Malang
Authors: Indah Ria Riskiyah  , Utami Retno Pudjowati  , Sumardi  , Sitti Safiatus Riskijah  , Novita Anggraini
Published: December 2023

Masjid Al-Ishlah terletak di Jalan MT. Haryono VI/ 834 RW 02 Kelurahan Dinoyo, Kecamatan Lowokwaru Kota Malang. Bangunan masjid terdiri dari 2 lantai, luas bangunan lantai 1  250 m2 , lantai 2  200 m2. Kapasitas masjid mampu menampung jama’ah sholat sekitar 350  jama’ah yang berasal dari lingkungan sekitar  Kelurahan Dinoyo. Selain digunakan sebagai tempat ibadah, masjid Al-Ishlah digunakan pula sebagai fasilitas pendidikan agama Islam. Untuk kebutuhan fasilitas belajar Al-Qur’an, maka masjid Al-Ishlah berinisiatif untuk mengembangkan bangunan masjid yang diperuntukkan untuk TPQ (Taman Pendidikan Al-Qur’an). TPQ adalah fasilitas pendidikan non-profit yang dibiayai secara sukarela, maka pembangunan membutuhkan bantuan donatur atau masyarakat sekitar dalam prosesnya. Sehingga permasalahan yang dihadapi perlu mendapat perhatian bukan hanya dari pengelola, namun juga masyarakat. Oleh karena itu dalam perencanaan dan pembangunan harus dilakukan secara efektif serta efesien, agar hal tersebut tercapai, maka diperlukan perhitungan biaya sesuai dengan gambar dan spesifikasi yang direncanakan. Serta memanfaatkan lahan dengan seoptimal mungkin dalam mendesain. Sebagai implementasi pelaksanaan tridharma perguruan tinggi, kegiatan PPM ini berfokus pada perencanaan Gambar Desain dan perhitungan Rencana Anggaran Biaya yang seoptimal mungkin.
BIMBINGAN TEKNIS DAN PENGADAAN INSTALASI JAM DIGITAL PENGINGAT WAKTU SHOLAT OTOMATIS PONDOK PESANTREN TAHFIDZUL QUR'AN AL FALAH MALANG
Authors: Hariz Santoso Asfari , Sri Wahyuni Dali  , Masramdhani Saputra  , Saddani Djulihenanto  , Priya Surya Harijanto
Published: December 2023

PPTQ Al-Falah Kota Malang merupakan PPTQ khusus perempuan, dimana semua santri merupakan santriwati. Seluruh kegiatan pada PPTQ Al-Falah dipusatkan pada aula yang digunakan untuk sholat berjamaah, setoran hafalan Al-Qur’an, dan tadaruz. Pada pelaksanaan sholat berjamaah timbul permasalahan tidak ada muadzin di dalam pondok pesantren. Sehingga pelaksanaan sholat berjamaah bergantung pada adzan dari masjid di sekitar PPTQ Al-Falah. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah dengan melaksanakan bimbingan teknis dan pengadaan instalasi pengingat waktu sholat otomatis. Bimbingan teknis terkait dengan komponen yang digunakan serta pengaturan jam digital pengingat waktu sholat otomatis. Selain itu juga dilakukan bantuan pengadaan jam digital pengingat waktu sholat otomatis.  Hal ini ditujukan agar pelaksanaan sholat berjamaah PPTQ Al-Falah dapat dilaksanakan tepat waktu. Selain itu juga dapat meningkatkan penggunaan IT oleh santriwati PPTQ Al-Falah serta mendorong teraplikasikannya hasil kajian ilmu teknik elektro.
PENYULUHAN, IDENTIFIKASI P3 PADA MAKANAN-MINUMAN DI KELOMPOK USAHA DESA SUKONOLO KECAMATAN BULULAWANG
Authors: Irfin Zakijah , Sri Rulianah  , Sandra Santosa
Published: December 2023

Kelompok Usaha (KU) "Good Food" Desa Sukonolo Kecamatan Bululawang merupakan kelompok yang memproduksi makanan dan minuman. KU ini merupakan media untuk bermusyawarah, bergotong royong dalam mengolah produksi makanan sesuai jenisnya. Beberapa produk yang dihasilkan antara lain makanan siap saji, frozen food dan catering. Untuk mendukung usaha tersebut sangat diperlukan pengetahuan tentang makanan dan minuman yang bebas pengawet, pewarna, perasa (P3) bagi semua anggota KU. Keterbatasan pengetahuan tentang P3 dan bagaimana mengidentifikasinya tentu akan mempengaruhi cara mengolah bahan bahan makanan menjadi produk yang sehat dan aman dikonsumsi. Untuk menambah wawasan tentang bahan P3 dilakukan penyuluhan oleh Jurusan Teknik Kimia Polinema. Kegiatan ini sejalan dengan Renstra Polinema 2020-2024 untuk meciptakan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi melalui kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PPM). Dalam penyuluhan ini menjelaskan tentang bahan, pengaruh dan bagaimana mengidentifikasi bahan P3 pada makanan dan minuman (MaMin) Beberapa metoda identifikasi bahan P3 diperkenalkan dengan menggunakan indikator kimia ataupun menggunakan indikator alami yang secara mudah diperoleh yaitu dari ekstrak buah naga dan kunyit. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam kegiatan ini adalah peningkatan pengetahuan dan wacana baru kepada semua anggota KU "Good Food" Desa Sukonolo Kecamatan Bululawang untuk lebih bijak dalam memilih, mengidentifikasi dan mengolah bahan makanan untuk menghasilkan makanan yamg bermanfaat bagi tubuh.
Peningkatkan Ketahanan Kesehatan Era Pandemi Covid-19 dengan Revitalisasi Kebun Tanaman Obat (TOGA)
Authors: Satworo  , R.N. Akhsanu Takwim  , Hari Rarindo  , Widjanarko  , Utsman Syah Amrullah  , Nurchajat
Published: December 2023

Covid-19 dan variannya telah menjadi pandemi global yang dimulai sejak akhir 2019. Dengan demikian ketahanan kesehatan bagi masyarakat perlu ditingkatkan. Peningkatan ketahanan kesehatan bisa dilakukan dengan berbagai cara, diantaranya: pola hidup sehat, olah raga teratur dan juga mengkonsumsi imun boster. Imun booster murah diantaranya jahe, temulawak, kunyit dan beberapa jenis tanaman obat keluarga atau bisa disingkat dengan TOGA. Kebun TOGA yang dikelola masyarakat di lingkungan RT 08 RW 08 Kelurahan Merjosari Kecamatan Lowokwaru Kota Malang, selama ini belum optimal karena kondisi kebun yang perlu direvitalisasi. Pelaksanaan Program kegiatan meliputi penyuluhan dan revitalisasi kebun TOGA yang meliputi pembuatan pagar, penataan kebun TOGA, dan penyediaan bibit tanaman obat. Masyarakat di lingkungan RT 08 dapat memanfaatkan kebun TOGA sebagai sarana untuk memperbaiki status kesehatan masyarakat dan juga sebagai sarana pelestarian alam, gerakan penghijauan dan untuk keindahan lingkungan.  Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah berupa peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat khususnya di RT 08 RW 08 Kelurahan Merjosari Kecamatan Lowokwaru Kota Malang terhadap pemanafaatan TOGA, pemagaran kebun TOGA dengan pagar BRC kurang lebih 15 meter, serta penataaan kebun TOGA
Analysis of the effects of bench-scale cell culture platforms and inoculum cell concentrations on PSC aggregate formation and culture
Authors: Iworima Diepiriye G. , Baker Robert K. , Piret James M. , Kieffer Timothy J.
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide many opportunities for application in regenerative medicine due to their ability to differentiate into cells from all three germ layers, proliferate indefinitely, and replace damaged or dysfunctional cells. However, such cell replacement therapies require the economical generation of clinically relevant cell numbers. Whereas culturing hPSCs as a two-dimensional monolayer is widely used and relatively simple to perform, their culture as suspended three-dimensional aggregates may enable more economical production in large-scale stirred tank bioreactors. To be more relevant to this biomanufacturing, bench-scale differentiation studies should be initiated from aggregated hPSC cultures.

Methods: We compared five available bench-scale platforms for generating undifferentiated cell aggregates of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) using AggreWell™ plates, low attachment plates on an orbital shaker, roller bottles, spinner flasks, and vertical-wheel bioreactors (PBS-Minis). Thereafter, we demonstrated the incorporation of an hPSC aggregation step prior to directed differentiation to pancreatic progenitors and endocrine cells.

Results and discussion: The AggreWell™ system had the highest aggregation yield. The initial cell concentrations had an impact on the size of aggregates generated when using AggreWell™ plates as well as in roller bottles. However, aggregates made with low attachment plates, spinner flasks and PBS-Minis were similar regardless of the initial cell number. Aggregate morphology was compact and relatively homogenously distributed in all platforms except for the roller bottles. The size of aggregates formed in PBS-Minis was modulated by the agitation rate during the aggregation. In all cell culture platforms, the net growth rate of cells in 3D aggregates was lower (range: −0.01–0.022 h−1) than cells growing as a monolayer (range: 0.039–0.045 h−1). Overall, this study describes operating ranges that yield high-quality undifferentiated hESC aggregates using several of the most commonly used bench-scale cell culture platforms. In all of these systems, methods were identified to obtain PSC aggregates with greater than 70% viability, and mean diameters between 60 and 260 mm. Finally, we showed the capacity of hPSC aggregates formed with PBS-Minis to differentiate into viable pancreatic progenitors and endocrine cell types.
Coverage and beyond: how can private governance support key elements of the Global Biodiversity Framework’s Target 3?
Authors: Lewis Alanah Hayley , Gottlieb Bex , Wilson Brett , Sutton Jack , Lessmann Janeth , Delli Giacomo , Dubois Grégoire , Bingham Heather C.
Published: December 2023

A vast cross-societal effort will be needed to achieve the ambition of protecting and conserving 30% of the earth’s lands and oceans by 2030, as called for in Target 3 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. While focus is often given to the 30% coverage aspect of this target, other elements – on the location and effectiveness of protected and conserved areas – are equally important. As the implementation of Target 3 progresses, it is increasingly acknowledged that non-profit organisations, for-profit organisations, and individual landowners play a key role by choosing to manage their lands and waters to deliver conservation outcomes. However, privately protected and conserved areas lack recognition by many governments charged with reporting progress on the target. For countries and territories where these areas have been reported, we use the World Database on Protected Areas to explore their contribution towards elements of Target 3, particularly coverage, connectivity and ecological representation. In addition, we explore how privately governed ‘other effective area-based conservation measures’ contribute to Target 3 in countries and territories where they have been identified. Our results demonstrate that privately protected and conserved areas play a significant role in some countries’ efforts to meet Target 3. Since these areas are known to be under-reported, we stress the need for scaled up efforts for their recognition and documentation. This is vital not only for Target 3 tracking and implementation, but to ensure private actors receive appropriate recognition and support for their role in tackling the biodiversity and climate crises.
How do Black engineering and computing doctoral students analyze and appraise their (depleted) STEM diversity programming?
Authors: White Devin T. , Miles Monica L. , McGee Ebony O. , Brockman Amanda J.
Published: December 2023

Purpose

Local and national U.S. programs focused on diversifying science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) in academia and industry have created academic pathways for Black Engineers. However, most STEM diversity programs in doctoral education typically end or availability significantly decreases. This absence leaves little or limited guidance during the challenging process of completing this terminal degree and seeking employment.

Method

We interviewed 43 Black PhD engineering and computing doctoral students, 37 discussed their experiences receiving equity-minded mentorship in a STEM diversity program, and we asked them about the value and lapsing of this programming.

Results

These doctoral students felt the absence of equity-minded mentoring through culturally affirming diversity programming. Often, funding for these programs has been reduced or eliminated for graduate students. National conferences, sponsored by national societies, partially filled the vacuum, offering equity-minded mentoring that affirmed STEM identities.

Discussion

We propose that doctoral students benefit from institutionally-maintained diversity programs that address racial disparities. These programs could provide mentoring focused on equity and based on a clear comprehension of structural racism in STEM fields. They also offer counter-narratives that challenge the underrepresentation of Black individuals in STEM.
Revisiting barriers to implementation of bioinformatics into life sciences education
Authors: Drew Jennifer , Morgan William , Galindo Sebastian , Kleinschmit Adam J. , McWilliams Mindy , Pauley Mark , Triplett Eric W. , Williams Jason , Murdoch Barbara , Rosenwald Anne
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field at the intersection of computational and biological sciences that focuses on the analysis and interpretation of large biological data sets. Although recognized as essential in the life sciences, bioinformatics is not commonly integrated in undergraduate life science education programs. Based on a national survey in 2016, the Network for Integrating Bioinformatics into Life Sciences Education (NIBLSE) published a community-sourced set of core competencies in bioinformatics education. The survey also identified barriers that prevent incorporation of these competencies into the curriculum. In the current study, the NIBLSE group reports the findings of a new survey to 509 life science educators across the US in 2022 to identify current barriers of bioinformatics integration and to determine if the landscape of bioinformatics education has changed since the 2016 survey.

Results

Similar to previous results, a majority of respondents who currently teach bioinformatics or plan to teach bioinformatics report barriers. The top two barriers reported are students lacking prerequisite skills/knowledge and instructors lacking time to restructure course content. As in 2016, women reported experiencing barriers to bioinformatics teaching significantly more often than men; faculty from underrepresented minority backgrounds reported barriers more often than non-URM faculty; and educators at minority-serving institutions (MSIs) reported barriers more frequently than colleagues at non-MSIs. For additional insight into the barriers facing these educators, we conducted focus groups which provided qualitative data that supported the survey findings and revealed common themes including faculty perceptions of the relevance of bioinformatics in the curriculum. Despite the perceived value of bioinformatics education, many focus group members cited lack of student preparation and interest, and technological access as barriers. Participants also discussed how professional development and community support would enhance and sustain bioinformatics teaching.

Discussion

Taken all together, this study indicates that challenges remain, which vary among faculty types and settings, but that more educators are attempting to integrate bioinformatics into life sciences education. In summary, our results suggest that redoubled efforts to provide training and community support to life sciences faculty is necessary.
Causal effects of circulating lipids and lipid-lowering drugs on the risk of urinary stones: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Tan Zilong , Hong Jing , Sun Aochuan , Ding Mengdi , Shen Jianwu
Published: December 2023

Background

Previous studies have yielded conflicting findings regarding the association between circulating lipids and lipid-lowering drugs with urinary stones, and the causal relationship between the two remains inconclusive.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the causal relationship between circulating lipids (Triglycerides [TG], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], apolipoprotein A [APOA], apolipoprotein B [APOB] and Pure hypercholesterolaemia), lipid-lowering drugs (HMGCR [HMG-CoA reductase] inhibitors and PCSK9[Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9] inhibitors) and the risk of urinary stones, using genetic data.

Methods

Genetic instrumental variables (GIVs) for circulating lipids and lipid-lowering drugs were obtained from the UK Biobank and existing literature. Outcome data were extracted from a genetic association database with 3,625 urinary stone cases and 459,308 controls. Two-sample MR analysis, employing the TwoSampleMR software package in R 4.2.3, was conducted to assess the associations between multiple exposures. The primary outcome was determined using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method for the causal relationship between exposure and outcome, while additional methods such as MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode were utilized as supplementary analyses. Robustness of the Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis results was assessed through leave-one-out analysis and funnel plots.

Results

The MR analysis revealed a significant association between elevated TG levels per 1 standard deviation and the occurrence of urinary stones (odds ratio [OR]: 1.002, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.000-1.003, P = 0.010). However, no significant association was observed between factors other than TG exposure and the risk of urinary stone occurrence across all methods(LDL-C: [OR], 1.001; 95% [CI], 1.000-1.003, P=0.132;HDL-C: [OR], 0.999; 95% [CI], 0.998-1.000, P=0.151;APOA:[OR] being 1.000 (95% [CI], 0.999-1.001, P=0.721;APOB: [OR] of 1.001 (95% [CI], 1.000-1.002, P=0.058;Pure hypercholesterolaemia: [OR] of 1.015 (95% [CI], 0.976-1.055, P=0.455) and lipid-lowering drugs (HMGCR inhibitors: [OR], 0.997; 95% [CI], 0.990-1.003, P=0.301 and PCSK9 inhibitors:[OR], 1.002; 95% [CI], 1.000-1.005, P=0.099).

Conclusion

Our findings provide conclusive evidence supporting a causal relationship between an increased risk of urinary stones and elevated serum TG levels. However, we did not find a significant association between urinary stone occurrence and the levels of LDL-C, HDL-C, APOA, APOB, Pure hypercholesterolaemia and lipid-lowering drugs.
Planktonic carbon metabolism of an underwater coral atoll in the oligotrophic sea: a case study of Zhongsha Atoll, Central South China Sea
Authors: Xiang Chenhui , Zhong Yu , Li Gang , Song Xingyu , Huang Yadong , Wang Zhen , Zheng Chuanyang , Huang Liangmin
Published: December 2023

Coral atolls are widely recognized as oases of remarkable biodiversity and productivity within the oligotrophic open ocean. However, considerable debate surrounds the net carbon metabolism of planktonic communities in oceanic coral atolls and their contribution to the overall carbon budget of the ocean. Zhongsha Atoll, situated in the central South China Sea, represents one of the largest submerged reef atolls globally. Despite its significance, the ecological environment and characteristics of community production and metabolism at Zhongsha Atoll have been scarcely studied, and it remains uncertain whether these features differ from those observed in barrier-type reefs. In this study, we examined the gross primary production (GPP), community respiration (CR), and net community production (NCP) of the planktonic community in Zhongsha Atoll and its surrounding waters from 22 June to 6 July 2020. We also analyzed the potential influences of their distribution patterns. Our findings revealed that CR did not vary significantly with depth and it was considerably higher than GPP. As a result, the waters at the euphotic depth of Zhongsha Atoll were found to be heterotrophic, with negative NCP. Additionally, the correlation analysis demonstrated a negative relationship between NCP and CR. The NCP values were -35.28 ± 26.73 and -53.18 ± 31.77 mg C m-3 d-1 for the surface and chlorophyll maximum (DCM) layers, respectively. The NCP for the upper water column was -3023 mg C m-2 d-1. The waters above the reef flat (FL) exhibited higher primary productivity, with GPP in the surface and DCM layer being 1.61 and 2.71 times greater, respectively, than in the surrounding oceanic regions. However, the FL displayed a greater level of heterotrophy due to its stronger CR. In conclusion, the carbon metabolism of the planktonic community in submerged Zhongsha Atoll acts as a source of atmospheric CO2, and the distribution of coral reefs considerably contributes to the efficiency of carbon cycling within the atoll.
Yeast culture repairs rumen epithelial injury by regulating microbial communities and metabolites in sheep
Authors: Wang Huihui , Su Manchun , Wang Chunhui , Li Dengpan , Li Qiao , Liu Zilong , Qi Xingcai , Wu Yi , Zhao Yongju , Li Taotao , Ma Youji
Published: December 2023

This study delves into the impact of yeast culture (YC) on rumen epithelial development, microbiota, and metabolome, with the aim of investigating YC’s mechanism in regulating rumen fermentation. Thirty male lambs of Hu sheep with similar age and body weight were selected and randomly divided into three groups with 10 lambs in each group. Lambs were fed a total mixed ration [TMR; rough: concentrate (R:C) ratio ≈ 30:70] to meet their nutritional needs. The experiment adopted completely randomized design (CRD). The control group (CON) was fed the basal diet with high concentrate, to which 20 g/d of YC was added in the low dose YC group (LYC) and 40 g/d of YC in the high dose YC group (HYC). The pretrial period was 14 days, and the experimental trial period was 60 days. At the end of a 60-day trial, ruminal epithelial tissues were collected for histomorphological analysis, and rumen microorganisms were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing and rumen metabolites by untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) metabolomics techniques. The results showed that YC improved rumen papilla development and increased rumen papilla length (p < 0.05), while decreased cuticle thickness (p < 0.05). The 16S rDNA sequencing results showed that YC reduced the relative abundance of Prevotella_1 (p < 0.05), while significantly increased the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, uncultured_bacterium_f_Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcus_1 genus (p < 0.05). Metabolomics analysis showed that YC changed the abundance of metabolites related to amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism and vitamin metabolism pathways in the rumen. In summary, YC might maintain rumen health under high-concentrate diet conditions by changing rumen microbiota structure and fermentation patterns, thereby affecting rumen metabolic profiles and repairing rumen epithelial injury.
Feasibility of therapeutic Chinese massage (tui na) for peripheral neuropathy among people with human immunodeficiency virus: findings of a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ge Song , Dune Linda , Liu Minhui , Fu Guojing , Ma Haixia , Hu Jiale , Lin Xuechun , Li Junxin
Published: December 2023

Background

Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is prevalent in people with human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV) with no Food and Drug Administration-approved treatment. Therapeutic Chinese massage (TCM) is a promising noninvasive and non-harmful intervention for HIV-related PN. However, relevant research is lacking. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of TCM for HIV-related PN.

Method

We conducted a pilot, single-centered, two-arm, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Twenty eligible PHIV were recruited primarily from the AIDS Foundation Houston, Inc. in Texas and were randomly assigned into two groups. Ten participants in the intervention group received three weekly 25-min TCM sessions by a certified TCM therapist. The remaining ten control group participants received the same therapist’s three weekly 25-min placebo massage sessions on their lower extremities. The outcome was the feasibility of this study as measured by recruitment and completion rates, participant safety, and treatment adherence and compliance, as well as the effect size of the intervention.

Results

The study population comprised 20 PHIV (mean age 55.23). This study showed high feasibility as measured by a high rate of recruitment, a 100% rate of completion, and zero serious adverse events. As we inquired 21 respondents for eligibility for the study, all except one had HIV-related PN. All respondents were willing to participate in the study and adhered to the group assignment after they enrolled in the study. The participants’ baseline pain was at a medium to a high level (6.30 [2.15] out of 10).

Conclusion

Chinese massage is a feasible intervention in PHIV. Future relevant randomized controlled trials are expected.

Clinical trial registration

https://clinicaltrials.gov/, NCT05379140.
Steps to achieve carvone-rich spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) essential oil: a case study on the use of different distillation methods
Authors: Moradi-Sadr Jalil , Ebadi Mohammad-Taghi , Ayyari Mahdi
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Spearmint essential oil is a valuable medical and food product. Spearmint essential oil is effective for the treatment of flatulence, indigestion, nausea, and colic along with Alzheimer, obesity, and fungal infections.

Methods

This study evaluated the quality and quantity of spearmint essential oil by examining some extraction strategies. The procedures were hydro-distillation, hydro-steam distillation, microwave-assisted hydro-distillation, and open hydro-distillation. The hydro-distillation had five pH levels (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) and four NaCl concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2%). microwave-assisted hydro-distillation at a power of 225 W was applied for 60, 90, and 120 minutes for process durations. The solvent extraction of herbal distillate obtained by an open hydro-distillation system was done using n-pentane and n-hexane to achieve a recovered essential oil by a rotary evaporator.

Results and discussion

The results showed that the lowest pH in the hydro-distillation process led to obtaining double yield compared to the control. Additionally, at 1 and 1.5% NaCl concentrations, the oil yield increased by 12.86 and 20.87%, respectively. Although the yield was reduced by microwave-assisted hydro-distillation, however within 120 minutes, carvone increased by 12.7% and limonene decreased by 42.3%. The best quality of spearmint oil belonged to solvent extraction followed by rotary evaporator.
The influence of conversational agents’ role and communication style on user experience
Authors: Poivet Remi , Lopez Malet Mélanie , Pelachaud Catherine , Auvray Malika
Published: December 2023

Conversational Agents (CAs) are characterized by their roles within a narrative and the communication style they adopt during conversations. Within computer games, users’ evaluation of the narrative is influenced by their estimation of CAs’ intelligence and believability. However, the impact of CAs’ roles and communication styles on users’ experience remains unclear. This research investigates such influence of CAs’ roles and communication styles through a crime-solving textual game. Four different CAs were developed and each of them was assigned to a role of either witness or suspect and to a communication style than can be either aggressive or cooperative. Communication styles were simulated through a Wizard of Oz method. Users’ task was to interact, through real-time written exchanges, with the four CAs and then to identify the culprit, assess the certainty of their judgments, and rank the CAs based on their conversational preferences. In addition, users’ experience was evaluated using perceptual measures (perceived intelligence and believability scales) and behavioral measures (including analysis of users’ input length, input delay, and conversation length). The results revealed that users’ evaluation of CAs’ intelligence and believability was primarily influenced by CAs’ roles. On the other hand, users’ conversational behaviors were mainly influenced by CAs’ communication styles. CAs’ communication styles also significantly determined users’ choice of the culprit and conversational preferences.
The effect of internal and external focus of attention on tennis skill acquisition in children
Authors: Tapan Tuncay , Şahan Asuman , Erman Kemal Alparslan
Published: December 2023

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of internal and external focus attention instructions on learning the tennis groundstroke (forehand-backhand drive) for children.

Methods

A total of 60 (30 girls, 30 boys) children aged 10.24 ± 0.48 years were included in the study. Children were randomly divided into three groups: External Focused Group (EFG), Internal Focused Group (IFG), and Control Group (CG).

Results

In the pre-training tests of tennis skill (TST) and tennis transfer (TTT), there was no significant difference between the three groups (EFG, IFG, and CG) according to one-way ANOVA results (p > 0.05). Significant interaction was determined between groups and measurements in a repeated-measures ANOVA analysis (three groups, three measurements) and TST and TTT (p < 0.01). According to the post-hoc analysis, it was determined that the TST results increased significantly in the EFG compared to the IFG and CG, and there was no significant difference in the TTT between the EFG and IFG, but both groups showed significant improvements compared to the CG.

Conclusion

Instructions to children to focus attention externally facilitate learning the groundstroke (forehand-backhand) technique, which is one of the basic tennis techniques.
Adolescent experiences, perceptions, and preferences for the process of HIV status disclosure in Kenya
Authors: Mugo Cyrus , Njuguna Irene N. , Beima-Sofie Kristin , Mburu Caren W. , Onyango Alvin , Itindi Janet , Richardson Barbra A. , Oyiengo Laura , John-Stewart Grace , Wamalwa Dalton C.
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Disclosure of HIV status to adolescents living with HIV has been associated with improved treatment outcomes. However, there are limited data regarding the experiences of, perceptions of, and preferences for the process of disclosure of HIV status among adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYLH), especially in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods

Young adults living with HIV from 20 HIV clinics in Kenya who participated in a clinical trial evaluating the effectiveness of a disclosure and transition package completed an anonymous survey in 2019. We described their experiences and preferences using counts and proportions and assessed factors associated with satisfaction with the disclosure process using linear regression, reporting age-adjusted mean differences (aMD), and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs).

Results

Of the 375 enrolled AYLH, 265 (71%) had perinatally acquired HIV, of whom 162 (61%) were female. The median age of the enrolled AYLH was 16 years (IQR: 14–19 years), and all of them were on antiretroviral therapy (ART). For over half (55%) of the participants, caregivers disclosed their HIV status, and 57% preferred that their caregivers disclose the status to them. Most (78%) of the participants preferred full disclosure by 12 years of age. The majority (69%) believed the disclosure was planned, and 11% suspected being HIV positive before the disclosure. Overall, 198 (75%) AYLH reported that they were ready for disclosure when it happened, and 86% were satisfied with the process. During both pre-disclosure (67 and 70%, respectively) and post-disclosure (>75% for each), AYLH felt supported by the clinic and caregivers. Factors associated with higher satisfaction with the disclosure process were pre-disclosure clinic support (aMD: 0.19 [95%CI: 0.05–0.33]) and pre-disclosure (aMD: 0.19 [0.06–0.31]) and post-disclosure (aMD: 0.17 [0.03–0.31]) caregiver support. AYLH who suspected they were HIV positive before they were disclosed to tended to have lower satisfaction when compared to those who never suspected (aMD: −0.37 [−0.74-(−0.01)]). Overall, they reported that disclosure positively influenced their ART adherence (78%), clinic attendance (45%), and communication with caregivers (20%), and 40% reported being happier after disclosure.

Conclusion

Young adults living with HIV advocated for an appropriately timed disclosure process with the involvement of caregivers and healthcare workers (HCWs). Support from caregivers and HCWs before and during disclosure is key to improving their disclosure experience.
Using the exploration, preparation, implementation, sustainment (EPIS) framework to assess the cooperative re-engagement controlled trial (CoRECT)
Authors: Elder Heather , Lang Simona G. , Villanueva Merceditas , John Betsey , Roosevelt Kathleen , Altice Frederick L. , Brady Kathleen A. , Gibson Briana , Buchelli Marianne , DeMaria Alfred , Randall Liisa M.
Published: December 2023

Background

“Data to Care” (D2C) is a strategy which relies on a combination of public health surveillance data supplemented by clinic data to support continuity of HIV care. The Cooperative Re-Engagement Controlled Trial (CoRECT) was a CDC-sponsored randomized controlled trial of a D2C model, which provided an opportunity to examine the process of implementing an intervention for people with HIV (PWH) who are out-of-care across three public health department jurisdictions. Using the EPIS (Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment) framework, we aimed to retrospectively describe the implementation process for each site to provide insights and guidance to inform future D2C activities implemented by public health agencies and their clinical and community partners.

Methods

After completion of CoRECT, the three (Connecticut, Massachusetts, Philadelphia) trial sites reviewed study protocols and held iterative discussions to describe and compare their processes regarding case identification, interactions with partnering clinics and patients, and sustainability. The EPIS framework provided a structure for comparing key organizational and operational practices and was applied to the entire implementation process.

Results

The trial sites varied in their implementation processes and the specific elements of the intervention. Factors including prior D2C experience, data management and analytic infrastructure, staff capacity, and relationships with clinic partners informed intervention development and implementation. Additionally, this review identified key lessons learned including to: (1) explore new supplemental sources for public health surveillance data; (2) work with stakeholders representing core functions/components in the early stages of the intervention design process; (3) build flexibility into all components of the follow-up activities; and (4) integrate data sharing, project management, and follow-up activities within existing DPH organizational structure.

Conclusion

The CoRECT study provides a general blueprint and lessons learned for implementing a D2C intervention for re-engagement in HIV care. Interventions should be tailored to local operational and structural factors, and responsive to evolving clinical and public health practices.
Association between longitudinal dietary patterns and changes in obesity: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Zheng Liuyan , Lu Xinyue , Guo Jianhui , Xu Xingyan , Yang Le , Xie Xiaoxu , Li Huangyuan , Wu Siying
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Research on the trajectory of dietary patterns and changes in obesity has been inconclusive.

Methods

This study described the dietary intake and adiposity trajectories of Chinese adults and assessed the association between dietary trajectories and changes in body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). We used data from 3, 643 adults who participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1997 to 2015. Detailed dietary data were collected by conducting three consecutive 24-h recalls. Multitrajectories of diet scores were identified by a group-based multitrajectory method. We described the change in BMI and WHR using group-based trajectory modeling. We assessed the associations between dietary trajectories and changes in people with obesity using a logistic regression model.

Results

Our study revealed four trajectories of low-carbohydrate (LCD) and low-fat diet (LFD) scores. Three adiposity trajectories were identified according to the baseline level and developmental trend of BMI and WHR. Compared with the reference group, which was characterized by sustained healthy dietary habits with healthy diet scores at baseline and sustained maintenance of healthy diet scores, the other three diet trajectories had a higher risk of falling into the adverse adiposity trajectory.

Discussion

Maintaining a healthy LCD and LFD can markedly decrease the risk of adiposity.
Design guidelines for healing gardens in the general hospital
Authors: Wang Quying , Tzortzi Julia Nerantzia
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Despite being recognized as a cost-effective method to enhance physical and mental health, Healing Gardens remain insufficiently popularized in outdoor spaces of hospitals. This paper aims to introduce a new perspective and offer guidelines for their implementation within general hospitals.

Methods

A methodology is proposed for formulating hospital-specific guidelines, encompassing the extraction of successful Healing Garden features from case studies, definition of key components grounded in theoretical frameworks, validation of essential features through user questionnaires, and comprehensive site analyses.

Results

The methodology was applied in a case study at Zhongnan Hospital in Wuhan. This research presents a novel perspective and robust methodology for implementing Healing Gardens in general hospital settings, potentially improving physical and mental health in a cost-efficient manner.

Discussion

This work aims to encourage the adoption of Healing Gardens as preventive medical tools in more healthcare settings. By providing a comprehensive methodology and a case study illustration, this research endeavors to stimulate broader acceptance and utilization of Healing Gardens in healthcare environments.