bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of content marketing in enhancing customer loyalty: an empirical study on private hospitals in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Suhail Ajina Ahmed
Published: September 2019

Due to increasing competition in the private hospital sector in Saudi Arabia, the organizations need to adopt the new ways to foster the brand loyalty and repeated visits. In this context, content marketing may have pleasant effects on a business in terms of customer engagement, trust and loyalty. The present research attempts to investigate the multi-dimensional relationships among content marketing, loyalty, trust and customer engagement in the private hospital sector using primary data collected through a questionnaire from 400 randomly selected respondents. A simple random sampling technique is utilized to select the patients or their family members visiting the private hospital to have their perception regarding hypothesized variables. The findings indicate that content marketing has a positive impact on the factors like customer engagement, trust and loyalty. In comparison, content marketing is found more effective in persuading the loyalty of the customers in comparison of trust and loyalty. Further, the customers’ trust towards a brand has a strong positive relationship with the loyalty. Moreover, the positive effect of customer engagement on the trust has also been found. Based on the results, this study suggests that the private healthcare institutions should adopt a multi-channel content marketing approach to exploit its maximum benefit. Multiple social media platforms and popular healthcare blog sites should be chosen for an effective content marketing advertisement.
Molecular background of hereditary nephropathies in spaniel dogs
Authors: WASIELEWSKA MAŁGORZATA , SZATKOWSKA IWONA , CZERNIAWSKA–PIĄTKOWSKA EWA , ZABORSKI DANIEL
Published: September 2019

The molecular background of hereditary nephropathies in English Cocker Spaniels and Springer Spaniels remained unclear until the beginning of the 21st century. It was only the discovery of an association between these diseases and Alport syndrome in humans that made it possible to identify the genes potentially responsible for nephropathies in dogs. Eventually, two mutations were identified in the COL4A4 gene coding for the alpha chains of collagen IV, the main component of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). This review presents the molecular mechanism resulting from the aforementioned mutations, the signs of disease, functions of the GBM, and breeding aspects.
Endothelium in Aortic Aneurysm Disease: New Insights
Authors: Spartalis Eleftherios , Spartalis Michael , Athanasiou Antonios , Paschou Stavroula A. , Patelis Nikolaos , Voudris Vassilis , Iliopoulos Dimitrios C.
Published: September 2019

Inflammation is recognized as a fundamental element in the development and growth of aortic aneurysms. Aortic aneurysm is correlated with aortic wall deformities and injury, as a result of inflammation, matrix metalloproteinases activation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells. The endothelial wall has a critical part in the inflammation of the aorta and endothelial heterogeneity has proven to be significant for modeling aneurysm formation. Endothelial shear stress and blood flow affect the aortic wall through hindrance of cytokines and adhesion molecules excreted by endothelial cells, causing reduction of the inflammation process in the media and adventitia. This pathophysiological process results in the disruption of elastic fibers, degradation of collagen fibers, and destruction of vascular smooth muscle cells. Consequently, the aortic wall is impaired due to reduced thickness, decreased mechanical function, and cannot tolerate the impact of blood flow leading to aortic expansion. Surgery is still considered the mainstay therapy for large aortic aneurysms. The prevention of aortic dilation, though, is based on the hinderance of endothelial dysregulation with drugs, the reduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and also the reduction of pro-inflammatory molecules and metalloproteinases. Further investigations are required to enlighten the emerging role of endothelial cells in aortic disease.
Activity of N-Phenylpiperazine Derivatives Against Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens
Authors: Pospisilova Sarka , Marvanova Pavlina , Treml Jakub , Moricz Agnes M. , Ott Peter G. , Mokry Petr , Odehnalova Klara , Sedo Ondrej , Cizek Alois , Jampilek Josef
Published: September 2019

Background:

As the bacterial resistance to antibacterial chemotherapeutics is one of the greatest problems in modern medicine, efforts are made to develop new antimicrobial drugs. Compounds with a piperazine ring have proved to be promising agents against various pathogens.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to prepare a series of new N-phenylpiperazines and determine their activity against various pathogens.

Method:

Target compounds were prepared by multi-step synthesis starting from an appropriate substituted acid to an oxirane intermediate reacting with 1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine. Lipophilicity and pKa values were experimentally determined. Other molecular parameters were calculated. The inhibitory activity of the target compounds against Staphylococcus aureus, four mycobacteria strains, Bipolaris sorokiniana, and Fusarium avenaceum was tested. In vitro antiproliferative activity was determined on a THP-1 cell line, and toxicity against plant was determined using Nicotiana tabacum.

Results:

In general, most compounds demonstrated only moderate effects. 1-(2-Hydroxy-3-[4-(propan- 2-yloxy)benzoyl]oxypropyl)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazinediium dichloride and 1-3-[(4-butoxybenzoyl)- oxy]-2-hydroxypropyl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazinediium dichloride showed the highest inhibition activity against M. kansasii (MIC = 15.4 and 15.0 µM, respectively) and the latter also against M. marinum (MIC = 15.0 µM). 1-(2-Hydroxy-3-[4-(2-propoxyethoxy)benzoyl]oxypropyl)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazinediium dichloride had the highest activity against F. avenaceum (MIC = 14.2 µM). All the compounds showed only insignificant toxic effects on human and plant cells.

Conclusion:

Ten new 1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine derivatives were prepared and analyzed, and their antistaphylococcal, antimycobacterial, and antifungal activities were determined. The activity against M. kansasii was positively influenced by higher lipophilicity, the electron-donor properties of substituent R and a lower dissociation constant. The exact mechanism of action will be investigated in follow-up studies.
A Pilot Study of Exenatide Actions in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Mullins Roger J. , Mustapic Maja , Chia Chee W. , Carlson Olga , Gulyani Seema , Tran Joyce , Li Yazhou , Mattson Mark P. , Resnick Susan , Egan Josephine M. , Greig Nigel H. , Kapogiannis Dimitrios
Published: September 2019

Background:

Strong preclinical evidence suggests that exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP- 1) receptor agonist used for treating type 2 diabetes, is neuroprotective and disease-modifying in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD).

Objective:

We performed an 18-month double-blind randomized placebo-controlled Phase II clinical trial to assess the safety and tolerability of exenatide and explore treatment responses for clinical, cognitive, and biomarker outcomes in early AD.

Method:

Eighteen participants with high probability AD based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers completed the entire study prior to its early termination by the sponsor; partial outcomes were available for twentyone.

Results:

Exenatide was safe and well-tolerated, showing an expectedly higher incidence of nausea and decreased appetite compared to placebo and decreasing glucose and GLP-1 during Oral Glucose Tolerance Tests. Exenatide treatment produced no differences or trends compared to placebo for clinical and cognitive measures, MRI cortical thickness and volume, or biomarkers in CSF, plasma, and plasma neuronal extracellular vesicles (EV) except for a reduction of Aβ42 in EVs.

Conclusion:

The positive finding of lower EV Aβ42 supports emerging evidence that plasma neuronal EVs provide an effective platform for demonstrating biomarker responses in clinical trials in AD. The study was underpowered due to early termination and therefore we cannot draw any firm conclusions. However, the analysis of secondary outcomes shows no trends in support of the hypothesis that exenatide is diseasemodifying in clinical AD, and lowering EV Aβ42 in and of itself may not improve cognitive outcomes in AD.
‘Workers of the World’? A Digital Approach to Classify the International Scope of Belgian Socialist Newspapers, 1885–1940
Authors: Daems Joke , D’haeninck Thomas , Hengchen Simon , Zere Tecle , Verbruggen Christophe
Published: September 2019

Socialism has always been strongly related to internationalism, yet the attitude towards and expression of internationalism has likely changed throughout the years. Events such as the First World War, the post-war revival of institutionalized internationalism and the increasing geopolitical tensions during the Interwar Period are likely to impact the degree of internationalism found in socialism. In this paper, we use digital tools to search for expressions of ‘banal’ internationalism and cosmopolitanism in Belgian socialist discourse from 1885 until 1940 by text mining two socialist newspapers: the French journal Le Peuple and the Dutch Vooruit. The goal is to highlight some of the difficulties encountered in collecting and processing the relevant data, and to showcase two potential analyses once the data has been acquired and prepared: a study of the most frequent locations throughout time via Named-entity recognition (NER) and a collocation analysis to study international and cosmopolitan sentiments.
Historical Models and Serial Sources
Authors: Piotrowski Michael
Published: September 2019

Serial sources such as records, registers, and inventories are the ‘classic’ sources for quantitative history. Unstructured, narrative texts such as newspaper articles or reports were out of reach for historical analyses, both for practical reasons — availability, time needed for manual processing — and for methodological reasons: manual coding of texts is notoriously difficult and hampered by low inter-coder reliability. The recent availability of large amounts of digitized sources allows for the application of natural language processing, which has the potential to overcome these problems. However, the automatic evaluation of large amounts of texts — and historical texts in particular — for historical research also brings new challenges. First of all, it requires a source criticism that goes beyond the individual source and also considers the corpus as a whole. It is a well-known problem in corpus linguistics to determine the ‘balancedness’ of a corpus, but when analyzing the content of texts rather than ‘just’ the language, determining the ‘meaningfulness’ of a corpus is even more important. Second, automatic analyses require operationalizable descriptions of the information you are looking for. Third, automatically produced results require interpretation, in particular, when — as in history — the ultimate research question is qualitative, not quantitative. This, finally, poses the question, whether the insights gained could inform formal, i.e., machine-processable, models, which could serve as foundation and stepping stones for further research.
Review of Evanghelia Stead and Hélène Védrine, eds, L’Europe des revues II (1860–1930): Réseaux et circulations des modèles (2018)
Authors: Delyfer Catherine
Published: September 2019

Review of Évanghélia Stead and Hélène Védrine, eds, L’Europe des revues II (1860–1930): Réseaux et circulations des modèles (2018)
Development of a Living Lab for a Mobile-Based Health Program for Korean-Chinese Working Women in South Korea: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Kim Youlim , Lee Hyeonkyeong , Lee Mi Kyung , Lee Hyeyeon , Jang Hyoeun
Published: September 2019

Background

Korean-Chinese (KC) women make up the largest group of female migrants in South Korea. To prevent and manage chronic diseases in middle-aged KC women working full time, it is necessary to develop health promotion programs that utilize an online platform because such a platform would allow individuals to participate in health promotion interventions at their convenience.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a living lab for a mobile-based health (LLm Health) program focused on improving the physical activity and cultural adaptation of KC women workers.

Methods

We used a mixed methods design. Living lab principles were factored into the LLm Health program, including the use of multiple methods, user engagement, multistakeholder participants, real-life settings, and cocreation. The program was developed using the 4 steps of the intervention mapping method: needs assessment, setting of objectives, identification of intervention strategies, and intervention design. Needs assessment was conducted through a literature review, focus group interviews with a total of 16 middle-aged KC women, and an online survey related to health promotion of migrant workers given to 38 stakeholders. KC middle-aged women participated in the early stages of program development and provided the idea of developing programs and mobile apps to enhance physical activity and acculturation. The mobile app developed in the program was validated with the help of 12 KC women and 4 experts, including 3 nursing professors and a professor of physical education. They were asked to rate each item based on content, interface design, and technology on a 4-point scale using a 23-item Smartphone App Evaluation Tool for Health Care.

Results

The LLm Health program comprised a 24-week walking program using Fitbit devices, the mobile app, and social cognitive interventions. The mobile app contained 6 components: a step counter, an exercise timer, an online chat function, health information, level of cardiovascular risk, and health status. The cultural aspects and lifestyles of KC women were accommodated in the entire process of program development. The content validity of the mobile app was found to be 0.90 and 0.96 according to the 12 KC women and 4 experts, respectively.

Conclusions

The mobile app was found to be valid and acceptable for KC women. The living lab approach was a useful strategy for developing a culturally adaptive LLm Health program for KC women workers, leading to their active participation in the overall research process, including needs assessment, program composition, and pre-evaluation.
The Development of a Smart Health Awareness Message Framework Based on the Use of Social Media: Quantitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Alsisi Elaf Ali , Al-Ashaab Ahmed , Abualfaraa Wadhah Ahmed
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

Social media has recently provided a remarkable means of delivering health information broadly and in a cost-effective way. Despite its benefits, some difficulties are encountered in attempting to influence the public to change their behavior in response to social media health messages.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the factors that affect individuals’ acceptance of using social media as a tool for receiving health awareness messages and adapting such content accordingly by developing a smart health awareness message framework.

METHODS

A quantitative method was adapted to validate the hypotheses and proposed framework through the development of a survey based on the technology acceptance model with the extension of other constructs. The survey was distributed on the web to 701 participants from different countries via Qualtrics software; it generated 391 completed questionnaires, and the response rate was 55.8% (391/701).

RESULTS

Of the 391 respondents, 121 (30.9%) used social media platforms often during the week, and 27 participants (6.9%) did not use social media. In addition, 24.0% (94/391) of the respondents used these platforms to seek health information. On the basis of the results, perceived usefulness (β=.37; P<.001), gain-framed message (β=.04; P<.001), and loss-framed message (β=.08; P<.001) were seen to positively and significantly influence people’s intention to use social media as a means to spread information about health promotion. The proposed smart health awareness message framework identifies 64.2% of the variance in intention to use, 55.4% of the variance of perceived usefulness, and 26.2% of the variance of perceived ease of use.

CONCLUSIONS

This study sheds light on the factors that are associated with people’s intention to use and adopt social media in the health promotion domain. The findings reveal that the intention of using social media for health awareness purposes is positively impacted by the perception of usefulness of social media and the design of health messages. Future research might seek to explore other factors that relate to people’s behavior. This point of view will assist health organizations in developing their health messages more effectively and to be patient friendly.
Privacy Protection in Online Health Communities: Natural Experimental Empirical Study (Preprint)
Authors: Dang Yuanyuan , Guo Shanshan , Guo Xitong , Vogel Doug
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

An online health community (OHC) is a novel sharing channel through which doctors share professional health care knowledge with patients. While doctors have the authority to protect their patients’ privacy in OHCs, we have limited information on how doctors’ privacy protection choices affect their professional health care knowledge sharing with patients.

OBJECTIVE

We examined the relationship between privacy protection and professional health care knowledge sharing in OHCs. Specifically, we examined the effects of privacy protection settings in an OHC on doctors’ interactive professional health care knowledge sharing and searching professional health care knowledge sharing (two dimensions of professional health care knowledge sharing). Moreover, we explored how such effects differ across different levels of disease stigma.

METHODS

We collected the monthly panel data of 19,456 doctors from Good Doctor, one of the largest OHCs in China, from January 2008 to April 2016. A natural experimental empirical study with difference-in-difference analysis was conducted to test our hypotheses. The time fixed effect and the individual fixed effect were both considered to better identify the effects of a privacy protection setting on professional health care knowledge sharing. Additionally, a cross-sectional analysis was performed for a robust check.

RESULTS

The results indicate that the privacy protection setting has a significant positive effect on interactive professional health care knowledge sharing (β=.123, P<.001). However, the privacy protection setting has a significant negative effect on searching professional health care knowledge sharing (β=–.225, P=.05). Moreover, we found that high disease stigma positively impacts the effect of privacy protection on interactive professional health care knowledge sharing (coefficients are in the same valence) and negatively impacts the effects of privacy protection on searching professional health care knowledge sharing (coefficients are in the reverse valence).

CONCLUSIONS

Privacy protection has a bilateral effect on professional health care knowledge sharing (ie, a positive effect on interactive professional health care knowledge sharing and a negative effect on searching professional health care knowledge sharing). Such bilateral switches of professional health care knowledge sharing call for a balanced state in conjunction with practical implications. This research also identifies a moderate effect of disease stigma on privacy protection settings and professional health care knowledge sharing.
FACTOR PROMOTING WOUND HEALING: RADICAL SCAVENGING AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY AND GROWTH FACTOR PROMOTION OF HELIOTROPIUM INDICUM
Authors: WISIDSRI NAKUNTWALAI , THUNGMUNGMEE SURADWADEE , KHOBJAI WARACHATE
Published: September 2019

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of the Heliotropium indicum extract (HIE) on factor promoting wound healing in radical scavengingand inflammatory activity and growth factor promotion.Methods: The radical scavenging capacity of HIE was evaluated by scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) radicals.Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory of HIE was determined in a cellular model. RAW264.7 macrophage cells were treated with various concentrationsof HIE before activating the treated cell with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The nitrite concentration of activated macrophage was determined by the Griessreagent kit. The cell viability of RAW264.7 was evaluated by resazurin reduction assay as well as NIH3T3 fibroblast cells. In addition, production of thegrowth factors (transforming growth factor-β [TGF-β] and basic fibroblast growth factor [bFGF]) of fibroblast was determined by Elisa kit.Results: HIE exhibited radical scavenging activity in the DPPH and NO radicals with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 0.22 mg/ml and0.52 mg/ml, respectively. In a cellular study, HIE inhibited NO production in LPS-stimulated macrophage without cytotoxic effect to the cells with IC50at 87 μg/ml. Furthermore, HIE promoted fibroblast cell viability at 72 h of treatment and, TGF-β and bFGF production at 24 h of treatment.Conclusion: These results obtained in this study suggested that HIE promoted the factors which involved in wound healing processes, including antiinflammatoryeffect with scavenged radical forming and inhibited activated-macrophage. Furthermore, HIE also stimulated growth factor productionin fibroblast. These finding supported using traditional and folk medicine of H. indicum in wound treatment.
THE EFFECTS OF CURCUMIN AND VITAMIN D COMBINATION AS INHIBITOR TOWARD SALMONELLA TYPHI BACTERIA GROWTH IN VIVO
Authors: FEBRIZA AMI , A KASIM VIVIEN NOVARINA , IDRUS HASTA HANDAYANI , HATTA MOCHAMMAD
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The prevalence of typhoid fever was reportedly high, especially in the Asian continent, as many as 80% of cases came from slums inBangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Nepal, Pakistan, and Vietnam. Due to many cases of antibiotic resistance in typhoid fever, various effortshave been made by combining antibiotic therapy or active compounds with adjuvants and herbs. Curcumin is an active compound found in manyherbal plants, especially in the Asian Continent. Curcumin has an antimicrobial effect, presumably due to its ability to bind Vitamin D receptors (VDR)as a potential ligand. This condition increases the expression of cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides and eradicates bacteria. Vitamin D will definitelybind to VDR as well; on this basis, this study wants to prove the effect of the combination of curcumin and Vitamin D therapy in inhibiting the growthof Salmonella typhi.Methods: This study is a true experimental pre- and post-test design using colony calculation method to investigate the effectiveness of curcumin andVitamin D in suppressing the growth of S. typhi bacteria in peritoneal fluid male mice strain balb/c. Mice were divided into five groups randomly, namely,the negative control groups, Group I (curcumin 200 mg/BB/day), Group II (curcumin 400 mg/BB/day), and Group III (curcumin 200 mg/BB/day andVitamin D 200 IU/day), and the positive control groups (antibiotic levofloxacin). The intervention was carried out for 5 days. After the 5th day, micewere then maintained for 3 weeks to determine the amount of colony growth in the post-intervention period.Results: The comparison of the results between each group gave significance in the average number of bacterial colonies of intraperitoneal fluid.Each group gave a significant difference of <0.05. Curcumin has an activity as an antimicrobial, the higher the dose, the greater the number of bacteriainhibited growth. After curcumin therapy, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg for 5 days, a decrease in the number of bacterial colonies in the intraperitonealfluid was found. This study concluded that curcumin has an antimicrobial effect on S. typhi. The groups with combination therapy of Vitamin D andcurcumin intervention also gave the same results.

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the combination of curcumin and Vitamin D is able to inhibit the growth of S. typhi bacteria, even upto 30 days after infection.
SOLANUM BETACEUM IMPROVES COGNITIVE FUNCTION BY DECREASING N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE ON ALZHEIMER RATS MODEL
Authors: SAFITRI INDRI , HIDAYATI HANIK BADRIYAH , TURCHAN AGUS , SUHARTATI  , KHAERUNNISA SITI
Published: September 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Solanum betaceum towards cognitive function, i.e. memory, and the level of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and brain derived neurothropic factor (BDNF) as a drug candidate therapy for Alzheimer rats model.Methods: Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into five groups (K0, K1, P1, P2 and P3). Four groups (K1, P1, P2 and P3) of Alzheimer’s disease(AD) rats were induced by aluminum chloride with dose 2 g/L for 21 days period and three groups (P1, P2 and P3) in 22th day administered parallellywith 100 mg/kg b.w/day; 200 mg/kg b.w/day; and 400 mg/kg b.w/day of S. betaceum respectively for14 days. The level of NMDAR and BDNF wasmeasured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods, whereas memory was measured by the Morris water maze test.Results: S. betaceum administration increased cognitive function significantly (p=0.037) of AD induced-rats by decreasing the time to reach the targetof Morris water maze and maintaining the low levels of NMDAR significantly (p=0.006), but the level of BDNF did not increase significantly (p=0.346).These results indicated that ethanol extracts of S. betaceum could decrease brain NMDAR and increase cognitive function by promote better memoryfunction but did not significant increased the level of BDNF in AD-induced rats.Conclusion: This study revealed that the treatment of AD-induced rats with S. betaceum extracts significantly improve memory function and decreasethe level of NMDAR.
La crisis del mundo moderno
Authors: Guénon René
Published: September 2019

Guénon René, La crisis del mundo moderno, Barcelona, Ediciones Obelisco, 1982.
Elecciones y legislación en México
Authors: Woldenberg José
Published: September 2019

A partir de las elecciones de 1988 se da una revaluación del proceso electoral por todas las fuerzas políticas del país. Panorámica histórica de las elecciones y reforma política a partir de los años setenta. Se pone énfasis en las elecciones de 1988 y sus secuelas, evidenciadas en las elecciones de 1989.
Discurso de amor obligado por las circunstancias
Authors: Aura Alejandro
Published: September 2019

Retomando algunas letras de las canciones de Agustín Lara, el autor nos dice que el chiste mayor del amor es decirlo, y que te lo crean. También afirma que lo importante es la formulación misma, dado que lo fundamental es el discurso.
El hinduismo
Authors: Preciado Solís Benjamín
Published: September 2019

El hinduismo, más que una religión, es un orden social y cultural al que pertenecen cerca de 900 millones de personas. En este artículo se aborda su evolución histórica, sus dioses, sus características como orden social, sus lugares santos y peregrinaciones, y algunos aspeaos del hinduismo contemporáneo como los gurú y los festivales.
La persistencia del mito y el símbolo en la historia moderna: El marxismo y el Islam
Authors: Amador Bech Julio
Published: September 2019

Análisis de la Revolución jomeinista en Irán, en donde se revelan sus contenidos místicos, tanto religiosos como modernos. Se aborda al mito como fundamento de la política, haciendo referencia al discurso marxista y su propia mitificación.
Teoría sociológica y fin de siglo
Authors: Girola Lidia
Published: September 2019

Breve análisis en torno a la situación imperante en el campo de la teoría sociológica en los últimos veinte años, caracterizada tanto por los cambios en cuanto a los supuestos aceptados como por su creciente complejidad. La crisis de paradigmas y el positivismo sociológico. Las corrientes interpretativas y el desafío del fin de siglo.
V. Encuentro de Investigadores sobre empresas y empresarios en México
Authors: Puga Cristina
Published: September 2019

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Jesús Reyes Heroles
Authors: Meyenberg Yolanda
Published: September 2019

Semblanza de la vida y obra de Jesús Reyes Heroles, quien se encuentra entre los pocos pensadores mexicanos del siglo XX que logró articular su trabajo intelectual y académico con una práctica política, y que buscó en las aportaciones teóricas del Derecho y la ciencia política nuevos caminos de explicación a los acontecimientos políticos de su tiempo.
Hacia un análisis sistemático de las relaciones gobierno-partido
Authors: Blondel Jean
Published: September 2019

La articulación entre los gobiernos y los partidos que los soportan es uno de los mecanismos centrales para la operación de las políticas democráticas. Sin embargo, este asunto no ha sido estudiado sistemáticamente y existe la necesidad de una amplia cantidad de análisis empíricos v de mayores clasificaciones conceptuales. En este ensayo se abordan los siguientes aspectos: el concepto de gobierno de partidos; los partidos como cuerpos que toman decisiones; el concepto de partido sostenedor; las actividades de los partidos y las del gobierno: el espacio de las relaciones partido-gobierno; las dimensiones de las relaciones gobierno-partido, y los patrones de relación partido-gobierno.
Una nueva historia política e institucional
Authors: Hespanha Antonio Manuel
Published: September 2019

Hasta hace poco tiempo la historiografía política e institucional había dependido casi por completo del imaginario político estatalista elaborado por la teoría política liberal del siglo XVIII. De ahí derivó una reinterpretación del sistema político institucional del Antiguo Régimen. El análisis que se propone en este artículo adscrito al pensamiento historiográfico postestructuralista, consiste en una descripción de las instituciones políticas y jurídicas prerrevolucionarias a través de las categorías que sugiere una interpretación densa de los discursos y prácticas de la época. De esta manera se pretende evitar el anacronismo, liberar la narrativa historiográfica de los intereses que condicionan el conocimiento político actual y restaurar el pluralismo historiográfico de las distintas experiencias de organización política. En todo caso, aún permanece sin respuesta la siguiente cuestión: ¿qué tan accesibles son las categorías históricas para comprender lo político?
¿Qué tienen las asociaciones de la sociedad civil que promueven la democracia?
Authors: Chalmers Douglas A.
Published: September 2019

El autor analiza las asociaciones de la sociedad civil y su efecto como fuerzas democratizantes, desde el punto de vista de metas, estructuras internas, nexos con otros organismos, diversidad y multiplicidad, así como la distribución de los distintos tipos de asociaciones, y los patrones de cambio ante nuevos retos. Concluye afirmando que aunque las asociaciones no son una panacea para promover la democracia, aparentemente sí acompañan su crecimiento y forman parte de cualquier sistema moderno.
Los movimientos estudiantiles de 1968 y 1999: contextos históricos y reflexiones críticas
Authors: Waldman Mitnick Gilda
Published: September 2019

Este artículo analiza comparativamente los contextos históricos en los cuales se desenvolvieron en México los movimientos estudiantiles en los años de 1968 y 1999. El texto se centra en las condiciones económicas, políticas y culturales presentes en las décadas de los sesenta y noventa para explicar el surgimiento y las características de cada uno de los movimientos y enfatizar las nociones de "futuro" existentes en cada uno de los contextos analizados.
La UNAM, su gratuidad y su autonomía: elementos para un debate
Authors: Rodríguez Araujo Octavio
Published: September 2019

El tema de los cobros por inscripción y colegiaturas en la UNAM ha sido motivo de movimientos estudiantiles cada vez que se han querido aumentar. El punto central de controversia en los últimos años ha sido sobre la constitucionalidad o inconstitucionalidad de las cuotas en las universidad instituciones públicas de educación superior no deben ser gratuitas, aquí se trata de demostrar que sí deben ser gratuitas. Este tema tiene que ver, asimismo, con el concepto de autonomía de la Universidad Nacional desde los arios posteriores a la Revolución de 1910.
Los estereotipos y las relaciones interétnicas en la Costa Chica oaxaqueña
Authors: Castillo Gómez Amaranta Arcadia
Published: September 2019

En este trabajo se describe y analiza la forma en que los mixtecos, mestizos y afromestizos de Pinotepa Nacional, Oaxaca, se relacionan entre sí de manera desigual y establecen relaciones de dominación y subordinación, creando y reproduciendo imágenes grupales denominadas estereotipos. Dichos estereotipos sirven para guiar la interacción cotidiana, caracterizando de manera fundamental las relaciones interétnicas entre los grupos étnicos. Propongo que los estereotipos no sólo reproducen las relaciones de dominación, sino que también las impugnan.
Regionalización y formación de sociedades supranacionales: El paradigma de la Unión Europea
Authors: Psarrou Magdalini
Published: September 2019

En este artículo, la autora aborda la formación, características e impacto histórico  del Estado-nación como preámbulo a la temática de la Unión Europea, el ejemplo más avanzado de integración regional multinacional, y su realidad actual. El análisis se centra en las problemáticas derivadas de su gestación, funcionamiento y aplicación como un macro proyecto político, económico, social, cultural y de identidad destinado a ser ejemplo de unidad, tolerancia y aceptación de la alteridad en una realidad antagonizada entre la globalización y la regionalización.
Embryonic development of Peruvian grunt Anisotremus scapularis (Perciformes: Haemulidae)
Authors: Montes Melissa , Castro Angélica M. , Linares Joel F. , Orihuela Lucas I. , Carrera Lili J.
Published: September 2019

Peruvian grunt Anisotremus scapularis is distributed from Ecuador to Chile and it is considered an important aquaculture resource in Peru. Knowledge of embryonic development is crucial because it is part of the basic biology of a species. The aim of this study was to describe the embryonic stages of Peruvian grunt. The eggs were obtained by natural spawning and reared at 19 °C under laboratory conditions. Morphometric characteristics of the egg were evaluated: diameter (0.752 ± 0.025 mm) (mean ± sd) and oil globule diameter (0.165 ± 0.014 mm). The first division was observed approximately 45 min after fertilization. Blastula stage started after 4 h and the middle gastrula stage after 12:30 h. Early neurula was observed 17 h after fertilization. Cardiac beats and movements of the free embryonic tail were recorded after 30 h of incubation. Hatching occurred between 31 to 41 h and length of newly hatched larvae was 2.558 ± 0.051 mm. The embryonic development of this species is similar to previous studies regarding other marine fish. This study is the first report of embryonic development of A. scapularis, which is a valuable information that provide a baseline reference for the efforts for the culture of this species.
Comportamiento espacial de la pesca artesanal en el litoral de Veracruz, México
Authors: Reyna-González Pedro César , Romero-Hernández Elizabeth , Lorenzo-Rosas Juan Andrés
Published: September 2019

La pesca ribereña o artesanal requiere la generación de conocimiento como soporte a la toma de decisiones en la administración de los recursos pesqueros para lograr su uso sustentable. En este sentido, la delimitación de áreas de aprovechamiento pesquero ha sido objeto de diversos estudios ya que se considera el primer paso para realizar esfuerzos de planificación y ordenamiento espacial marino, donde el uso de sistemas de información geográfica (SIG) y su aplicación influye en la comprensión del manejo de las pesquerías. Implementando el análisis espacial, el presente trabajo presenta una primera aproximación del comportamiento de la pesca ribereña del recurso escama marina que se realiza en el litoral Veracruzano, México, considerando el establecimiento de zonas de pesca y asentamiento de los sitios pesqueros, las localidades con mayor acopio del recurso en la región, la distribución del esfuerzo humano así como la profundidad y operación de las artes de pesca. Se revisaron los permisos de pesca comercial oficiales para embarcaciones menores, en campo se identificaron los principales centros de acopio; y mediante el uso de herramientas de análisis espacial se estableció un esquema de zonificación que dividió en 3 zonas de aprovechamiento pesquero al litoral Veracruzano. Integrando el conocimiento experto de pescadores locales, se contabilizaron un total de 164 sitios de captura distribuidos en diferentes estratos de profundidad, donde se implementan diversos sistemas de captura para la actividad pesquera. Se encontró que existen áreas de mayor aprovechamiento pesquero en el litoral y posibles zonas de conflicto social por las áreas de captura. Los resultados de este estudio pueden convertirse en una herramienta útil como soporte al proceso de toma de decisiones, para el diseño de esquemas de zonificación y para definir otras estrategias de manejo para los recursos pesqueros en el litoral Veracruzano.
Feeding ecology of fish larvae from Chilean Patagonia during austral winter
Authors: Landaeta Mauricio F. , Vera-Duarte Javier , Ochoa-Muñoz María José , Bustos Claudia A. , Balbontín Fernando
Published: September 2019

Feeding habits of the ichthyoplankton from Chilean Patagonia (44-46°30’S) were studied during June-July 2012 (austral winter). Ichthyoplankton assemblage was composed by 10 species, with low abundance (3.8 to 16.73 ind. 1000 m-3). Most abundant larvae were Maurolicus parvipinnis, Leptonotus blainvilleanus and Sprattus fuegensis. These three species fed mainly on calanoid copepodites, Paracalanus indicus and Calanus sp. copepodites, and cyphonautes. Trophic overlap among dominant fish larvae was high (Schoener’s D > 0.69) and no significant differences were detected in prey composition and size. Therefore, no resource partitioning occurred in planktonic fish larvae during winter 2012 in Chilean Patagonia.
Abundancia y estructura poblacional de dos recursos pesqueros bentónicos fuera y dentro del área de una concesión marítima portuaria en Caldera, Región de Atacama, Chile
Authors: Vega JM Alonso , Valdebenito Marcelo , Caillaux Luis , Bravo Jorge
Published: September 2019

This study compares density and size structure of kelp Lessonia berteroana and sea urchins Loxechinus albus inside and outside a port concession area in Caldera. Greater abundance and larger adult individuals in populations of both benthic resources in this zone preliminarily indicates that this might be replicating a marine protected area. In the future, this port concession could contribute to the conservation of benthic resources as a reference site, without access to fisheries, useful for validating or implementing measures and actions in management plans or other instruments to support conservation.
Chemical and pharmacological characterization of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Cyclamen hederifolium Ait. (Primulaceae) tuber
Authors: Kojicic Ksenija , Arsenijevic Aleksandar , Markovic Marija , Stankov-Jovanovic Vesna , Simic Zoran , Tadic Vanja , Cupara Snezana
Published: September 2019

Background/Aim. Cyclamen hederifolium (C. hederifolium) Ait. belongs to the family Primulaceae, which includes 23 species of cyclamen, naturally distributed in the Central and Southern Europe, Western Asia and some parts of North Africa. This plant is considered highly poisonous and not suitable for human use. However, tuber extracts have been used in traditional medicine and homeopathy. The aim of this study was to investigate C. hederifolium growing naturally in Serbia for its metal content and biological activities (anti-oxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activity). Methods. Content of metals was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. We used several different assays for assessment of antioxidant activity of both aqueous and ethanol extracts of C. hederifolium: 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, 2,20-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assay, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, total reducing power assay (TRP) and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assay. The disk diffusion assay was used to investigate sensitivity of laboratory bacterial and fungal control strains against investigated extracts. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of C. hederifolium were examined on 4 different tumoral cell lines by in vitro MTT bioassay. Results. The presence of Mn, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, K, Cu was confirmed in aqueous and ethanol extract, as well as in whole tubers and soil, while Cr, Ni, Pb and Cd were not detected. Both aqueous and ethanol extract of C. hederifolium tubers showed antioxidant activity, that positively correlated to content of phenols and flavonoids in it. Aqueous extract was slightly superior in these terms than ethanol one. None of the tested extracts showed antimicrobial activity. Both investigated extracts showed cytotoxicity against four cancer cell lines 4T1, HCT116, CT26, LLC1, in the concentration range 15,625?2,000 ?g/mL. Ethanol extract showed stronger cytotoxicity than aqueous ex-tract. Conclusion. Seven metals were identified in the C. hederifolium tubers, extracts and soil. Both extracts exhibited antioxidant and cytotoxic activity.
Improving 2nd Graders’ Calculation Skill through Pathilan Traditional Game
Authors: Farida Anisatul
Published: September 2019

This research was carried out by the fact that many students are not interested in mathematics, and their calculation skill is still under expectation. Less of student engagement and too much teacher intervention are still dominating along mathematics learning process. This study aimed to improve 2nd grade students’ calculation skill through Pathilan traditional game in MI Muhammadiyah Bekangan. This research subject were 29 2nd graders of MI Muhammadiyah Bekangan period 2015/2016. This research combines classroom action research which refers to Stephen Kemmis and Robin Mc Taggart. This research was conducted in two cycles and each cycle was done in two meetings. Every cycle consisted of 4 steps i.e. preparation, action, observation, evaluation, analysis and reflection. The technique of collecting data was done by assessing test result and observation, test instrument, observation sheet, and field notes. The data was analyzed by using quantitative-descriptive approach. The study showed that students’ learning results were bellow minimum limit of 50% completeness before the implementation Pathilan traditional game during learning process. After the implementation of Pathilan traditional game, the percentage of students’ learning results that passed minimum limit (KKM) of 50% completeness was improving, from 75,86% in the first cycle to 86,21% in the second cylce. The average of students’ learning result was also improving from 67,83  becomed 75,79 in the last cycle. In the end, learning with Pathilan traditional game could motivate students to study calculation continuously
Knowledge of Student’s Understanding and The Effect on Instructional Strategies: a Case of Two Novice Mathematics Teachers
Authors: Masduki Masduki , Suwarsono Stephanus , Budiarto Mega Teguh
Published: September 2019

Pedagogical content knowledge plays a role in learning in classroom. The study aims to 1) analyze the teachers’ knowledge of the students' errors and difficulties in solving linear equations and 2) describe the instructional strategies used by teachers to reduce their errors and difficulties. The subjects were two novice teachers who have taught the Junior High School 7th grade students with different math abilities for two years. The data collection was conducted by open questionnaire and interview. The results showed that both teachers have knowledge of students' errors and difficulties in solving linear equations. However, the teacher's learning strategies in helping students reduce students' errors and difficulties were different from one another. It can be concluded that the teacher's knowledge of the students’ errors and difficulties can help teachers determine the appropriate learning strategies to present a learning subject matter.
Tradisi Kematian Wong Islam Jawa
Authors: Suwito Suwito , Sriyanto Agus , Hidayat Arif
Published: September 2019

Abstract: This study was aimed at revealing how Javanese Moslem’s traditionsof mortality is understood by the performers, both of great and little tradition, andwhat their meanings are. These two points evolve from time to time. Some variationsfound in the tradition of Javanese Moslem’s mortality are caused by the distance ofthe performers from the center of governance and the different time of performance.In regards to these variations, there are some interesting views. First, in understandingtheir belief and performing their tradition of mortality, Javanese Moslems has aprinciple that the tradition is an expression of honor to human being and it has asymbolic meaning. Second, Javanese Moslem mean mortality as a return way toGod that requires sincerity and a belirf that God is the only to worship. JavaneseMoslems perceive that God is forgiveful that human beings should pray and apologizefor their mistakes.Key words: tradition, Javanese Islam, variation, God, and Faith.

Abstrak: Tulisan ini berusaha untuk mengungkap tentang tradisi kematian WongIslam Jawa dipahami oleh pelakunya dalam framework great and little tradition, danmakna di dalam tradisi kematian Wong Islam Jawa. Dua hal tersebut, bila diungkap dandipahami dalam tataran praktik, adakalanya memiliki pergeseran. Variasi yang munculdalam tradisi kematian Wong Islam Jawa karena jarak yang jauh dari pusat, juga karenaperubahan dari waktu ke waktu (evolusi). Dalam hal ini, ada beberapa pandangan menarik:Pertama, Wong Islam Jawa dalam memahami keyakinan dan menjalankan praktiktradisi kematian memiliki dasar yang leluhur sebagai tata cara penghormatan kepadamanusia yang hidup, serta memiliki dimensi simbolik dengan alam lain. Kedua, WongIslam Jawa dalam memaknai kematian sebagai jalan kembali kepada Tuhan sehinggaharus dalam keadaan suci dan tetap memiliki keyakinan bahwa Allah SWT adalah satusatunyayang pantas disembah. Pandangannya berdasar pada Tuhan YangMahapengampun sehingga manusia hendaknya senantiasa berdoa untuk minta maafatas kesalahan yang pernah diperbuat.Kata Kunci: tradisi, Wong Islam Jawa, variasi, Tuhan, dan keyakinan.
Prediction of Level of Job Satisfaction of Teachers on Perception of Organizational Trust of Teachers: Study of Regression Analysis
Authors: ÇELEBİ Nurahayat , TATIK Ramazan Şamil
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze
the correlation between “the level of job satisfaction” and “the perception of
organizational trust” of teachers’ in terms of some variables (gender, age,
branch and seniority). The relational survey method was used. The study group
consists of 198 teachers working in nine high schools in Avcılar and Bakırköy
districts connected to İstanbul by random sampling. In this research,
“Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale” and “Organizational Trust Scale” were used.
Simple regression analysis, multiple regression analysis and correlation
analysis were carried out for data analysis. According to the results of
regression analysis, it was seen that the factors of internal job satisfaction
and external job satisfaction were significant predictors of the organizational
trust of teachers. On the other hand, the results of regression analysis of gender,
age and branch variables for teachers' job satisfaction scores were found to be
insignificant. However, seniority has little effect as a predictor of job
satisfaction. Furthermore, gender, age, branch and seniority variables together
predicted organizational trust scores of teacher in a meaningful level. According
to the results of this research, a meaningful, positive and quite high level of
correlation was determined between job satisfaction and organizational trust.