bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FACTORIAL ANALYSIS OF SOME INDICATORS IN CHRONIC OSTEOATICULAR
MODEL OF RABBITS
Authors:   Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, LUNGU Bianca Cornelia , Bratu Daniel , Spătaru Ioana-Irina ,   Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Torda Iuliu ,   Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, MIRCU Călin ,   Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, HUTU Ioan ,   Academy of Romanian Scientists, Banat’s University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara, RO, Life Science University "King Mihael I'', Romanian Academy, Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară a Banatului din Timişoara Complex de Laboratoare de Cercetare Horia Cernescu
Published: February 2024

The using the of animals in the procedure of research project are strictly regulated by EU and Romanian low.
Currently, the assessment of pain, suffering or distress in animals used in procedures is based on the physiological
responses and behavioral changes that the animal exhibits. In long time models is better to take into consideration more
quantifiable variables. The aim of the paper was to study some variables such us body mass, feed conversion, average
daily gain, feed intake or feed rests associated with chronic osteo-https://www.uaiasi.ro/revmvis/index_htm_files/Articular rabbit model (OA) in rabbits. A number of
30 (3-31/2 month old) rabbits in 4 groups (non OA, OC-control, OA-treatment 1 and OA-treatment 2) where observed
for 8 weeks period. By the trial period, the initial (F=14.648 at P 0.000) and final body weight (F=17.141 at P 0.000)
and average daily gain (F=3.596 at P=0.029) were associated with the OA, also group x weight interactions [F= 2.692 at
p = 0.026] was found. The main effect of time was statistically significant (F=11.210 at p=0.000) on ADG and the
interaction group x time was also effective (F=2.244 at p=0.009); the interaction was also significant for interaction
group x feed consumption (F= 2.325 at p = 0.004). Generally, the results of the study were clearly influenced by
treatments and sometimes by the environmental conditions and the interactions between factors in a multivariate
analysis but repeated measuring of body mass (weekly) is enough for following the welfare of rabbits in chronically OA
animal models.
ANALIZE OF THE RIDER POSITION ON A HORSE SIMULATOR A CASE
STUDY
Authors:   Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară Cluj-Napoca, BORZAN Mihai , PICON Noémie , CÎMPEAN Adrian ,   University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, CORDUNEANU Alexandra ,   University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, TĂBĂRAN Alexandra ,   University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca
Published: February 2024

The experimental study regarding the influence of the rider position on the horse simulator was conducted on the
Racewood simulator. The evaluated results were compared on three different types of saddles. The experiment showed
that is a very unique way to determine the impact of the designed equipment in horses, the position of the rider
according to the center of gravity and also to measure objectively the outcome of the experience and reactions of the
rider.
FOOD DEFNSE, FOOD SAFETY AND FOOD INDUSTRY
Authors:   Universitea Spiru Haret, BELOUS Madalina , AMFIM Adriana ,   Asociatia de Epigenetica si Metabolomica, Institutul de Chimie Macromoleculara Petru Poni, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Societatea Romana de Micologie Medicala si Micotoxicologie, Spiru Haret University, University of Bucharest, University of Pecs, Foreign Language Centre, European Consortium, SIMION Violeta- Elena ,   Universitea Spiru Haret
Published: February 2024

The potential of this study is to investigate issues regarding potential application of Food Defense concepts for Food
Industry. According to Larson (2023), consumers face the risk that their food is unsafe because of natural and accidental
contamination (traditional food safety problems) or deliberate contamination (food defense problems). Food Safety
refers to a potential accidental hazard (physical, chemical, or microbiological) that may occur and Food Defense
concerns a hazard that may be intentionally introduced, including by acts of terrorism. The study is based on
exploratory research. A qualitative approach based on interviews with the Managers from the Food Industry. Other
secondary data were collected through a private certification database.
ASSESSMENT OF WIHDRAWAL PERIOD OF OXYTETRACYCLINE POST
TREATMENT OF PIGS AND POULTRY IN ROMANIA
Authors:   Universitea Spiru Haret, BELOUS Madalina
Published: February 2024

The presence of antimicrobial residues in animal products must be lower than maxim residue level (MRL), other way
may have adverse effects on consumer health such as allergic reactions and resistance development. Withdrawal periods
are used to avoid animas to be slaughter before the concentration of MRL declines with respect for public health’s and
waste food. The paper investigates the use of oxytetracycline in pigs and poultry with a focus on the differences on the
withdrawal periods for different products used in Romania. The original question is whether compliance with the
withdrawal period can be used to judge compliance with the MRL and its applicability for pigs and poultry industry.
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF AELUROSTRONGYLUS ABSTRUSUS
INFESTATION IN CATS - CASE REPORT
Authors:   “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, IVĂNESCU Larisa , Mhttps://www.uaiasi.ro/revmvis/index_htm_files/ArtINESCU Gabriela-Victoria ,   “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, MĂTIUȚ Simona ,   Praxis Medical Laboratory Iasi, Romania, MÎNDRU Raluca ,   “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, ANDRONIC Lavinia ,   “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, MUSTAȚĂ Mihai ,   “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, MIRON Liviu ,   “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences
Published: February 2024

Studies on Aelurostrongylus abstrusus infestation in domestic cats are limited, both for Europe and globally. Diagnosis
is quite laborious and often the infestation is not included in the differential diagnosis of respiratory diseases, a fact
which leads to a late diagnosis that endangers the life of the animal, even causing its death. In case of massive
infestation, respiratory symptoms are complemented by a diarrhoeal syndrome and anorexia. In June 2023 at the
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Iasi, Romania, a cat (common breed, male, aged 1 year and 4 months) came with
respiratory symptoms, chronic cough, shortness of breath, mucopurulent nasal discharge, accelerated breathing and loss
of appetite. The cat had previously been treated for chronic bronchitis. Radiological interpretation was of an intensified
interstitial lung pattern with nodular and bronchial appearance, compatible with chronic micro-bronchitis. The first
diagnosis was pneumonia, but following symptomatic treatment the results were not satisfactory. Following
coproparasitological examination the result was infestation with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and antiparasitic treatment
was instituted.
IDENTIFICATION OF https://www.uaiasi.ro/revmvis/index_htm_files/ArtHROPODS BY THE MALDI TOF TEHNIQUE
Authors:   “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, IVĂNESCU Larisa , Mhttps://www.uaiasi.ro/revmvis/index_htm_files/ArtINESCU Gabriela-Victoria ,   “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, MĂTIUȚ Simona ,   Praxis Medical Laboratory Iasi, Romania, MÎNDRU Raluca ,   “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, ANDRONIC Lavinia ,   “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, IACOB Olimpia ,   “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences
Published: February 2024

MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry is a relatively new diagnostic technique that has revolutionised clinical microbiology
by accurately identifying species of bacteria, filamentous fungi and yeasts. Recently, new applications to identify
parasites and https://www.uaiasi.ro/revmvis/index_htm_files/Arthropods of medical interest have been developed, but few have developed MALDI-TOF analysis
protocols for characterizing https://www.uaiasi.ro/revmvis/index_htm_files/Arthropod species. Thus, there is a need for a standardization in terms of the anatomical
phttps://www.uaiasi.ro/revmvis/index_htm_files/Art(s) to be used according to https://www.uaiasi.ro/revmvis/index_htm_files/Arthropod families (head, thorax, legs) and the steps for protein extraction and
homogenization. In this study we created a bank of 47 specimens including the following species: Aedes caspius,
Anopheles hyrcanus, Anopheles maculipennis, Coquillettidia richiardii, Culiseta annulata, Culex pipiens. Thus, the aim
of this study was to compare the quality of spectra and of results in the identification between different anatomical phttps://www.uaiasi.ro/revmvis/index_htm_files/Arts
of mosquitoes, head, thorax (with wings) and legs, in order to optimize the use of the MALDI-TOF spectrometry tool.
We evaluated the bank using the "bank versus bank" test (database provided by the laboratory of parasitology and
mycology of Paris, Sorbonne University), each specimen had 4 deposits of protein extracts and the identification
threshold log(score) was set to 1.7. Identifications were confirmed by morphological identification keys. There were
differences in the protein profiles between each anatomical phttps://www.uaiasi.ro/revmvis/index_htm_files/Art. Leg spectra had the lowest number of high intensity
peaks compared to those of the head or thorax.
ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF WILDLIFE AND DOMESTIC PIGS IN HEPATITIS E VIRUS TRANSMISSION AND ZOONOTIC POTENTIAL IN EASTERN ROMANIA
Authors:   Ion Ionescu de la Brad University of Life Sciences of Iași, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, ANIȚĂ Adriana , ANIȚĂ Dragoș ,   Ion Ionescu de la Brad University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iași
Published: February 2024

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has been confirmed within the landscape of the European food industry, representing a significant factor in the dissemination of HEV among European citizens. Food-borne transmission of HEV appears to be a major route in Europe, pigs and wild boars being the main source. The results of this study highlight an overall HEV seroprevalence of 12.8% (95%CI: 7.95-17.75) in wild boars and detection of HEV RNA in all three fresh pig liver batches sampled from a slaughterhouse in Iași County. Given the prevalent dietary preferences in Romania, pork stands out as a highly favored food choice among the populace. However, the popularity of pork also raises concerns, as there exists the occasional risk of contamination with HEV, presenting a potential threat to consumer health. Ongoing surveillance, regulatory measures, and public awareness initiatives collectively may represent a comprehensive strategy to protect the consumers and ensure the safety of pork products in the market.
Potential effects of avian predators on the behaviour of the Little Bustard Tetrax tetrax during the display season in a cereal pseudo-steppe
Authors: Mañosa S. , Julià M. , Oliva F. , Guillem R. , Moreno-Zárate L. , Giralt D. , Bota G.
Published: February 2024

The Little Bustard Tetrax tetrax is an endangered steppe bird whose last remaining breeding populations in Catalonia (NW Spain) are located in the Lleida plains. Although the decline in this population is mainly associated with habitat loss and degradation due to agricultural intensification and urban encroachment, the proliferation of predators, some favoured by hu- mans, may also be having negative effects on this population, either through direct predation or indirect effects on behaviour and survival. Here, we describe the type of behavioural response exhibited by Little Bustards during the display season when they encounter a potential avian predator and discuss the possible indirect effects of these interactions. During counts carried out in the springs of 2010–2022 in three Special Protection Areas in the Lleida plains, 88 encounters between Little Bustards and eight species of avian predators were recorded. Among them, the Western Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus, Montagu’s Harrier C. pygargus and the Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis were the most frequent species involved in these encounters, although only the Yellow-legged Gull conducted deliberate attacks in a consistent way. Irrespective of the predator or its attitude, most encounters resulted in the Little Bustard being flushed. The number of encounters were higher at the beginning of the mating season, which may prevent Little Bustards from settling in otherwise suitable areas of habitat. The flushing of the bustards may increase the risk of collision with power lines and reduce mating success. Since the number of encounters between Yellow-legged Gulls and Little Bustards seems to have increased in recent years in the study area, we believe that there is a need to conduct further studies to understand how these interactions affect the population dynamics and conservation of this endangered species.
La Red Natura 2000 y las rapaces agroesteparias: el cernícalo primilla en la ZEPA ES435 Área esteparia de la margen derecha del río Guadarrama
Authors: Salgado I. , Bustamante F.
Published: February 2024

Conservation biologists have questioned the effectiveness of the Natura 2000 network in conserving farmland birds. The Lesser Kestrel population in the SPA ES435 Área esteparia de la margen derecha del río Guadarrama and surrounding areas increased by 11.8% between 1997–1999 and 2019. However, the loss of nesting sites due to building collapse or restoration, the loss of foraging habitat, such as fallow land and field margins, due to agricultural intensification, and the spread of woody crops and solar photovoltaic power stations threaten this Lesser Kestrel population. Furthermore, SPA ES435 protects less than half of this Lesser Kestrel breeding population. It is necessary to enlarge SPAs to cover IBAs and encourage low-intensity farming (habitat quality compensates for habitat loss) within the Natura 2000 network in order to conserve the lesser kestrel and other farmland birds listed in Annex I of the Directive 2009/147/EC.
L’ART DE L’AUTOBIOGRAPHIE DANS LES JOURS DE TAHA HOUSSEINE ET DANS L’ENFANT NOIR DE CAMARA LAYE
Authors:   Université de Kankan, KABA Ibrahima Sory
Published: February 2024

This article addresses the question of the art of autobiography in Les Jours by Taha Housseine and in L’enfant Noir by Camara Laye. To achieve this objective, the study is intended to be analytical, descriptive and comparative. Thus the results of the study indicate that scholars, writers and historians have paid great attention to the Arab and Islamic heritage for a very long time, from the first century AH to the present day. They recorded the biographies of their great scholars, their famous personalities and their prophets in all the arts of science and knowledge, and in all areas of life in general, whether political, social, intellectual, heroic or otherwise. The artistic elements that characterize modern autobiographies are in most cases literary elements, and most of what the Arabs wrote about themselves was formulated in a clear, easy-to-pronounce, well-formed style, based on a precise brevity, characterized by smooth narration and storytelling. These are almost the same artistic elements that are present in the chosen autobiographical works
DEFINING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BYRONIC HERO IN THE CONTEXT OF ROMANTICISM
Authors:   Université des Lettres, Langues et Sciences Humaines de Bamako, TOURE SEKOU
Published: February 2024

The paper seeks to account for the characteristics of the Byronic hero in the theoretical context of romanticism. Lord Byron was an English poet of the Romantic school. With his contemporaries like Coleridge, Wordsworth, Southey, Shelley and many others, they have addressed the major problems of their epoch through their heroes. But, Lord Byron has refused to provide his heroes with classical romantic visions and concepts. He needed to work on heroes which should qualitatively be different from the traditional romantic ones. Another objective of the study is to provide some significant definitions of the Byronic hero, his major characteristics, his spirits and flaws. As a result, the study found that Lord Byron has created a new type of romantic hero which later would be called the ‘Byronic hero’. It also revealed how far the Byronic hero was ready to risk his life, his estate, his pedigree to rescue others with the major concern to provide them with freedom and justice. Key words : : Byronic hero, characteristics, definitions, Literature, romanticism
VARIABILITE RECENTE DES PARAMETRES AGRO-CLIMATIQUES CLES DE LA SAISON AGRICOLE DANS LA ZONE COTONNIERE DU MALI
Authors:   Département de Géographie, Faculté d’Histoire et de Géographie, Université des Sciences Sociales et de Gestion de Bamako, Unité SIG et Télédétection, Laboratoire Sol-Eau-Plantes, Centre Régional de Recherche Agronomique de Sotuba, Institut d’Economie Rurale, Bamako, Mali, TRAORE Souleymane Sidi
Published: February 2024

La forte variabilité du climat constitue un sujet de préoccupation majeure pour les populations agricoles de la zone cotonnière du Mali. Au cours des dernières décennies, les variations pluviométriques ont sérieusement affecté les opérations agricoles dans cette zone. Face aux mutations induites par cette variabilité pluviométrique, les producteurs ont du mal à repérer les dates probables de début et de fin des saisons pluvieuses qui sont pourtant essentielles pour l’optimisation des productions agricoles. L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier la dynamique récente des paramètres agro-climatiques (cumul pluviométrique, début, fin, et durée de la saison, et les poches de sécheresse) dans la zone cotonnière du Mali. Un jeu de données pluviométriques journalières de 1983 à 2020 issues de dix stations agrométéorologiques dans la zone a été utilisé. La méthode a inclus l’analyse statistique descriptive et d’autres méthodes spécifiques d’analyse des données climatiques. Les résultats montrent un début de saison de pluie de plus en plus précoce et une fin de saison de plus en plus tardive avec comme conséquence une augmentation de la durée de la saison des pluies. De même, les cumuls pluviométriques annuels sont de plus en plus importants montrant une tendance excédentaire. Par contre, les poches de sécheresse observées à l’intérieur de la saison sont plus longues et surtout très marquées en début de saison des pluies. Ces résultats suggèrent une actualisation du calendrier agricole de la zone en tenant compte des nouvelles situations climatiques de la zone
VALEURS EDUCATIVES DE LA CAUSERIE DANS NOS FAMILLES MAIENNES D’AFRIQUE
Authors:   ’Ecole Normale Supérieure, CISSE Moussa
Published: February 2024

L’Afrique a abrité jadis de brillantes civilisations. Parmi celles-ci, nous retenons des grands empires. Cette situation dénote son niveau d’organisation sociale et sa structuration socio-économique. On y en dénombre divers regroupements humains : des villages, des fractions, des familles. Moult relations inter-identitaires favorisaient l’intégration des différents groupes sociaux. La famille, jouait un rôle de base dans l’éducation des enfants. Les échanges établis au sein de la famille ont une importance pédagogique. La causerie entre les membres d’une même famille est un facteur de rapprochement. Le climat affectif généré réciproquement entre les individus par cette scène est le socle de la notion de famille traditionnelle au Mali en particulier et en Afrique en général. A travers les scènes de causeries, les enfants se dévoilaient involontairement aux adultes en racontant les vécus quotidiens. Ils donnaient ainsi l’opportunité aux parents d’entrevoir leurs comportements et d’en apprécier. Cette disposition offre aux parents l’occasion de les suivre régulièrement en y apportant des réglages fréquents en vue d’améliorer leur éducation. Ce travail a pour objectif de développer les vertus bénéfiques liées à l’usage de la pratique de la causerie dans nos familles à des fins éducatives. Cette pratique ancienne semble disparaitre dans nos quotidiens au seul motif de l’évolution galopante de la modernité. Les nouvelles techniques d’information et de communication (NTIC) ont favorisé l’isolement. Elles ont cultivé et entretenu un mode de vie solitaire à travers une manipulation abusive et personnelle des appareils. L’approche qualitative a été adoptée et un guide d’entretien conçu à cet effet pour moissonner les informations auprès de vingt (20) individus dont huit (8) femmes. Les renseignements obtenus et ceux de la revue documentaire ont été traités, analysés et commentés par croisement. Les résultats ressortent que cette causerie est une source d’inspiration pédagogique
LA TERMINOLOGIE DU SYSTÈME INFORMATIQUE EN BAMANANKAN, LANGUE MANDINGUE DU MALI
Authors:   Université des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines de Bamako, TRAORÉ Adama
Published: February 2024

Cet article constitue la synthèse d’une thèse de doctorat consacrée à la terminologie du système informatique en bamanankan, face à la croissance rapide des Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (TIC) contemporaines. Malgré cette expansion, le bamanankan reste sous-utilisé dans le contexte des TIC. L'objectif principal est de décrire le vocabulaire technique en bamanankan, incitant à réfléchir sur les concepts manquants et à proposer des créations lexicales pour combler ces lacunes. La méthode se divise en deux étapes : une analyse d'ouvrages spécialisés, recherche d'appariements et exploration dialectale, suivie de consultations de personnes-ressources. Ces démarches ont abouti à la collecte de 456 termes existants en bamanankan (représentant 49,78 % du lexique) et à la création de 457 néologismes (49,89 %) pour les notions sans désignations. Le modèle théorique adopté combine la terminologie classique et la terminologie culturelle
Developing a model for digital competence оf a foreign language teacher
Authors:   State Scientific Institution  «Institute of Education Content Modernization», Ukraine, Divinska Natalia , Kriukova Yelizaveta ,   ational Technical University of Ukraine  «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Ukraine, Poriadchenko Lesya ,   Dragomanov Ukrainian State University, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

This article explores the significance of digital competence in the context of Ukrainian higher education. It emphasizes the importance of integrating digital tools into teaching, offers insights into existing frameworks for digital competence, and highlights the challenges teachers may face in this regard. The article presents a comprehensive model for the development of digital competence among foreign language teachers. This model focuses on principles such as purposefulness, integration with the educational process, continuous learning and self-development, collaboration and experience sharing, and individualization. It also underscores the importance of clear assessment and feedback mechanisms to help teachers gauge their progress. Furthermore, the article provides insights into various information and communication technologies (ICT) tools used by foreign language teachers in Ukrainian higher education. It discusses how electronic textbooks, interactive whiteboards, virtual tours, video conferencing, and other digital resources can enhance language learning and improve student engagement. The article acknowledges challenges in developing digital competence among teachers, such as time constraints, limited technical knowledge, lack of confidence, and resource scarcity. To address these challenges, it emphasizes the importance of administrative support, training, and technical assistance for educators.
Organization in socio-cultural activity: features of creation and prospects of development
Authors:   Science and Research Institute of Social and  Economic Development, Ukraine, Tadlia Оleksandr
Published: February 2024

The article provides an overview of publications in which conceptual approaches to the classification of the organization in the socio-cultural sphere have been studied. The essence of the concept of “organization” is considered and supplemented, the stages of the process of forming a model of organizations in the socio-cultural sphere are substantiated. The activity system of socio-cultural organizations is described. A conclusion was made about the expediency of further scientific investigations in the direction of socio-cultural activities, namely the theoretical substantiation of practical recommendations for building an organization system: features of creation and prospects for development.
PERAN GURU PAK DALAM MENANAMKAN NILAI-NILAI MODERASI BERAGAMA PADA PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Saedo Marbun
Published: February 2024

Bangsa Indonesia adalah bangsa yang memiliki masyarakat yang beragam budaya, agama, etnis, ras, bahasa, suku, tradisi dan sebagainya. Realitas kehidupan masyarakat yang demikian, mudah terjadi kesalahpahaman yang mengatasnamakan agama, etnis, tradisi, sehingga berdampak pada keharmonisan hidup. Mengantisipasi munculnya kesalahpahaman tersebut maka menanamkan nilai-nilai moderasi beragama oleh Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen pada peserta didik sangat dibutuhkan. Melihat adanya peningkatan praktik intoleran, dan radikalisme didalam lembaga-lembaga pendidikan mempertegas bahwa penanaman nilai moderasi beragama mutlak diperlukan.

Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen harus mengambil langkah-langkah antisipasi terhadap perkembangan radikalisme dikalangan peserta didik dengan memberikan pengajaran yang benar kepada peserta didik Kristen, yang bersumber dari Alkitab, bagaimana Tuhan Yesus mengajarkan kepada pengikut-Nya untuk mengasihi Allah dan juga mengasihi sesama manusia seperti diri-sendiri. Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen juga harus memberikan teladan bagaimana nilai-nilai moderasi beragama dipraktikkan di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Dan mendorong peserta didik untuk mengobarkan semangat toleransi beragama. Sehingga tercipta keharmonisan dan kedamaian di dalam masyarakat yang majemuk.
Revolutionary Advances: Exploring the Applications of 3D Printing in Dentistry
Authors: Dhull Kanika Singh
Published: February 2024

3D printing technology has emerged as a transformative force in the field of dentistry, offering unprecedented advancements in precision, customization, and patient care. This evidence-based article explores the impact of 3D printing in dentistry, supported by recent studies and research. The utilization of 3D printing has led to superior precision in the fabrication of dental prosthetics, customized patient-specific care, and improved surgical planning through the creation of guides. Furthermore, advancements in material science have ensured the biocompatibility and durability of 3D printed dental materials. While promising, challenges such as regulatory standards, material safety, and cost-effectiveness warrant consideration. The evidence presented underscores the potential of 3D printing to revolutionize the field of dentistry, offering a glimpse into a future defined by personalized, efficient, and effective dental treatments.
Advancements in Photodynamic Therapy: A Revolutionary Approach in Dentistry
Authors: Surana Pratik
Published: February 2024

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising adjunctive approach in dentistry. This abstract reviews the current status of PDT in dental applications, focusing on its antimicrobial efficacy, wound healing properties, and potential for periodontal and endodontic therapies. Highlighting the clinical implications and future directions, it emphasizes PDT's non-invasiveness and low cytotoxicity. Despite challenges, PDT demonstrates potential as a valuable tool in managing oral infections and promoting tissue healing, presenting opportunities for further research and clinical utilization.
The Crucial Role of Pharmacists in Dentistry: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Dhull Kanika Singh
Published: February 2024

The field of dentistry goes beyond the skills of dental professionals alone. Collaborative efforts among different healthcare providers are crucial for comprehensive patient care. One such critical role is played by pharmacists in dentistry. Pharmacists bring their expertise in medications and their interactions to ensure the safe and effective use of drugs prescribed by dentists. In this article, we will discuss the vital contributions of pharmacists in dental care and their role in promoting oral health.
Self-sufficiency in food: prospects on the island of Fuwahmulah, Maldives
Authors: NAJEEB FAZEEL , HASSAN RIFAATH
Published: February 2024

This article presents the findings of a study aimed at assessing prospects for self-sufficiency in food on the island of Fuwahmulah, Maldives. A mixed research methodology combining a survey on a representative sample and key informant interviews was used to elicit responses from households and crop growers respectively on their existing staple food items, perceptional suitability of locally grown crops as staple food and key issues affecting the cultivation of crops on the island. The research finds that the top three items consumed as staple foods in households are imported produce and items. Responses also indicate that locally-grown crops are perceived as suitable staple food for the island folks. The research concludes that prospects exist for a significant level of self-sufficiency which may be achievable with needed support.
Development, development policy and governance in the Maldives: A political economy perspective
Authors: ATHAULLA A. RASHEED
Published: February 2024

This article discusses the problems with development experienced by the Maldives through a political economy lens. It claims that key socio-economic areas like health, education and community-based activities such as local fishing have not developed to an extent it should have considering the success of national development achieved through the growth of the tourism industry since the early 1970s. Using theories of governance, development and inequality, this article forms a methodologically feasible theoretical framework to explain the phenomenon of unbalanced development or underdevelopment in the Maldives. It claims that development can coexist with underdevelopment in a society. This phenomenon of underdevelopment in the Maldives is assessed by observing economic performance of the tourism industry against the performances of other sectors including health, education and local fishing. Using a historical institutionalist method to political economy analysis, this article shows that the empirical evidence of underdevelopment in the Maldives, during the 1970s–2000s, can be equated to policy shortfalls associated with a weak governance system. It asserts that there is a notable connection between developmental problems and the system of governance in the Maldives that policy makers should take into account in the decision-making process
The adoption of PV systems in the Maldives: A technological review
Authors: HAMEED HASSAN
Published: February 2024

This review begins with a brief outline of PV usage in the Maldives followed by a discussion of PV systems in general with a special emphasis on grid-tied systems. Irradiation levels in the Maldives are then outlined. A short review of the components of grid-tied PV systems and their technical requirements are then presented. The review concludes briefly noting the findings of studies carried out to evaluate reliability, modes of failure, trends and recommendations for research in grid-tied PV systems.
Knowledge is wisdom? Observations from primary classrooms in the Maldives
Authors: DAVID FITTELL
Published: February 2024

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Countering Terror in South Asia: Beyong Statist Approaches
Authors: AHMED IMTIAZ
Published: February 2024

While social and communal factors influence motivations, less attention is often paid to the environment in which individuals are either radicalized or deradicalized and the role that families and communities might play in this regard. The question of communities tends to come into the equation of strategies to counter terrorism, violent extremism and radicalization under two different lenses: One secrutiny, based on a negative narrative, focuses on how the community creates conditions for its members to become radicalized. These often happen in places where members of religious communities where unforgiving versions of religion is being taught including places like prisons which are notorious hotbeds of radicalization through exchanges among prisoners; and even within families which help recruit brothers, wives etc. into so-called Jihad, such as is often the case in Central Asia. This paper will focus on certain misconceptions of Islam.
Historical institutionalism in the Maldives: A case of governance failure
Authors: ATHAULLA A. RASHEED
Published: February 2024

This article explains the problem of governance in the Maldives in terms of how weak historical institutions embedded in the present political system have limited the government’s capacity to govern for the development of the broader society. This is done in light of the argument that the Maldives has experienced problems with development, especially within key socio-economic areas including health, education and community-based economic activities, despite the development achieved with its booming tourism industry during the 1980s–2000s. Using the present literature on development and governance, the article shows that this underdevelopment has been caused by a failure to achieve good governance of economic resources. Through a historical-institutional evaluation of the politico-institutional developments during the 1880s–1960s, this article explains that the Maldives acquired weak historical institutions that may have been transmitted through time to become embedded in the present political system and reduced the government’s capacity to govern efficiently. It is argued that the institutional foundations were based on undemocratic constitutional rules, created and shaped by the past monarchical political practice, and that these historically transmitted rules have reduced the government’s capacity to govern effectively leading to the problems with development experienced by the Maldives today.
Maldivian secondary teachers’ reflections on their first year of teaching: Enabling factors, perceived problems and proposed solutions
Authors: AISHATH. ALI
Published: February 2024

This study investigated the reflections on the first year teaching of 10 beginning secondary teachers with a Bachelor of Teaching Secondary qualification through open ended questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The participants identified the high levels of student motivation and good student performance in their classes, constructive feedback from the school management and establishment of positive relationships with colleagues as enabling factors. The problems these beginning teachers faced include classroom management issues, time management problems, dealing with special needs students, being under-prepared for real classroom situations, high workload and low salary, dealing with parents, lack of status in the school, lack of resources, dealing with their own emotions and being subject to internal and external policies. Implications for teachers training include establishing support groups to help beginning teachers make the transition from pre-service to in-service teachers, evaluating the teacher preparation curriculum to incorporate coping strategies, improving some school related factors and providing them with more practice before they become fully fledged teachers.
Punishment of the accused from a shariah’ perspective
Authors: ABDUL RAHMAN ABDUL SATTAR
Published: February 2024

The objective of this research is to facilitate to determine in light of literature of Shariah if standards of investigation are upheld, if any standards established in Maldives for investigation conform to Shariah, and because some accused are regular offenders it may be difficult to investigate a case without a punishment, to determine what type of punishment should be given to the accused to prove the case being investigated. The methodology used is an inductive, analytical and critical review of literature. A human being is presumed innocent and cannot be punished unless evidence of a crime exists against them, in a situation where the right of a person cannot be protected otherwise because the accused would not plead guilty despite the existence of evidence of their crime. Physical punishment must be restricted to the minimum and may be differentiated between muslims and non-muslims.
 
ތަޙުޤީޤުކުރާ މައްސަލައިގެ ޙައްޤު ދެނެގަތުމަށްޓަކައި ތުހުމަތުކުރެވިފައިވާ މީހާއަށް އަދަބުދިނުން ޝަރުއީ ނަޡަރަކުން
ޚުލާޞާ: މިދިރާސާގެ މަޤުޞަދަކީ މައްސަލަތައް ތަޙްޤީޤުކުރާއިރު ޝަރީޢަތުގެ ނައްޞުތަކުގެ އަލީގައި ތަޙުޤީޤުކުރެވޭ މިންގަޑު ހިފެހެއްޓިފައިވޭތޯ ބެލުމަށް މަގުފަހިކޮށްދިނުމާއި ތަހްޤީޤުކުރުމަށް ދިވެހިރާއްޖޭގައި މިކަމަށް އުޞޫލުތަކެއް ހެދިފައިވާނަމަ އެއުޞޫލުތައް ޝަރީޢަތުގެ މިންގަޑަށް ފެތޭތޯ ބެލުމަށް މަގުފަހިކޮށްދިނުމާއި ބައެއް މުއްތަހަމުންނަކީ އާދަކޮށް ޖުރުމްކުރާބަޔަކަށްވުމުން އަދަބެއްނުދީ މައްސަލަ ތަޙްޤީޤުކުރަން ދަތިވާތީވެ ތަޙުޤީޤުކުރެވޭ މައްސަލަ ޘާބިތުކުރުމަށްޓަކައި މުއްތަހަމުއަށް ދެވޭނީ ކޮންވައްތަރެއްގެ އަދަބެއްކަން ނައްޞުތަކުގެއަލީގައި ބަޔާންކުރުމެވެ. އެއީ ޝަރީޢަތުގެ ނައްޞުތަކާ ޚިލާފުވުމުން ރައްކާތެރިވުމަށްޓަކައެވެ. އަލްއިސްތިޤުރާއީއާއި އައްތަޙުލީލީ އަދި އައްނަޤުދީއެވެ. (އެބަހީ މިމައްސަލާގައި އިސްލާމީ ޝަރީޢަތުގައި އައިސްފައިވާ ނައްޞުތަކާއި ޢިލްމުވެރިންގެ ބަސްފުޅުތައް ދިރާސާކޮށް އެބަސްފުޅުތަކަށް ކުރިޓިސައިޒްކޮށް އެއިގެތެރެއިން އެންމެ ރަނގަޅު ބައި ފާހަގަކުރުމެވެ. އެއީ މިމައްސަލާގައި އައިސްފައިހުރި ނައްޞުތަކަށް ބަލާއިރު ދެގޮތައް ނައްޞުތައް ވާރިދުވެފައިވާއިރު ޢިލްމުވެރިންގެ ބަސްފުޅުތައްވެސް ބައެއް ނައްޞުތަކާ ފުށުއަރާހެން ހީވާފަދަ ގޮތަކަށް އައިސްފައިވާތީއެވެ). އަޞްލަކީ ކޮންމެ އިންސާނަކީވެސް ހުރިހާކަމަކުން ބަރީޢުވެގެންވާ މީހަކު ކަމަށްވީ ހިނދު އެއަޞްލާޚިލާފަށް ދަލީލެއް ލިބިފައިނުވާއިރު އަޞްލަކީ އެއްވެސް އަދަބެއް ނުދެވޭނެކަމެވެ. މިގޮތައް އަދަބުދެވެނީ ބައެއްގެ ޙައްޤުތައް ރައްކާތެރިކުރެވޭނެ އެހެން ދެވަނަގޮތެއް ނެތީމައެވެ. އެއީ މިއަދަބު މިދެވެނީ ޘާބިތުވެފައިނުވާ ކަމެއްކަމުގައި ވިޔަސް އެޖުރުމް ކުރިކަމުގެ ޤަރީނާތަކެއް ހުރުމުގެސަބަބުން މުއްތަހަމު އެކަމަށް އިޢުތިރާފު ނުވުމުގެ ސަބަބުން ބައެއްގެ ޙައްޤުތަކެއް ގެއްލޭތީވެ ޙައްޤުތައް ރައްކާތެރި ކުރުމަށެވެ. މައްސަލަތަޙުޤީޤު ކުރާއިރު މުއްތަހަމުއަކީ މުސްލިމެއްކަމުގައިވާނަމަ ޖިސްމާނީ އަދަބުދިނުން ހުއްދައެއް ނުވާނެއެވެ.
Production of Lip Balm From Stingless Bee Honey
Authors: ATIYAH ATHIRAH BINTI YUSOF  , AZILAH B. AJIT  , AHMAD Z. SULAIMAN  , AISHATH NAILA
Published: February 2024

India Cosmetics is used daily by majority of the people worldwide. Nowadays, consumer demand for natural based product cosmetics as they are safe to use and environmentally friendly. Lip balm is a cosmetic or lip care product whose purpose is to prevent dry and chapped lips. The quality of lip balm is directly linked with the basic ingredients used in the formulation. This work involved the formulation of lip balm from natural ingredients. Various composition of beeswax, shea butter, stingless bee honey, oils and colorant were studied to obtain the best formulation. Stingless bee honey was added to the lip balm formulation as moisturizing agent. The physico-chemical properties of the formulations were determined including melting point, stability, moisture content, color intensity, sensory test for human acceptance and microbial test. From the results, the formulation of lip balm from beeswax, shea butter and oil with ratio 1:1:1 was the best formulation. It has high melting point and has stable condition in low and room temperature. The presence of honey in the formulation assisted to increase the moisture content in the lip balm. Besides that, for color intensity, natural colorant from fruit juice and extraction contributed the color to the lip balm but the color intensity was lower compared to powder colorant. Lastly, the formulation of lip balm from beeswax, shea butter and oil with ratio of 1:1:1 met the consumer acceptance as the highest sensory test score was obtained for this formulation.
Online journalism: A case study of interactivity of mainstream online news websites of the Maldives
Authors: ALI RAFEEQ
Published: February 2024

Internet has emerged as a hybrid-publishing platform. Thus, communication technologies are challenging the linear print journalism format with interactive devices turning online journalism into a rich media environment. While communication technologies have enabled publishers and media producers to use numerous interactive features in the constructed presentation of online news, few news websites in the Maldives are maximizing such features. This study, based on a content analysis of three mainstream news websites, develops an interactivity index and examines the interactive features of the news websites and analyses how news is presented and to what extent the various publications differ in their application of interactive devices in online journalism. The findings show that the news websites did not fully utilize and enhance interactive features in online journalism.
Strategi Pelatihan Penginovasian Kerajinan Anyaman Pandan Guna Meningkatkan Komunitas Standar Produk di Pemasaran Mancanegara
Authors: Widyanani Widyanani
Published: February 2024

The problem to be discussed in this research is to find out the training strategy for innovation of pandan weaving to increase the product standard community in overseas marketing as well as the marketing strategy for innovation of pandan weaving to increase the product standard community in international marketing. The research method used in this research is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. . The research results that have been found in this research are: 1). Organizing Innovation Training on Pandan Woven to improve community product standards in international marketing is: a. Selection of Raw Materials b. Cutting, slicing, forming c. Weaving and forming innovation d. The final stage is the finishing process which is the final process from which the previous stages have been completed. The raw model of pandan that has become tanned can be seen in terms of shape, quality of workmanship as well as physical appearance or finishing. 2. Marketing Strategy Innovation of pandan woven to improve product standard communities in international marketing, namely: 1) Needs, Demands and Desires. 2) Satisfaction, value, products and costs, where the fulfillment of needs and desires must have a relationship with products and services. 3) Transactions, Relationships, and Exchanges. and 4) Marketers, marketing and markets, marketing via social media will influence external factors that influence consumer perceptions of a product, which will then influence consumer buying interest.
Efficacy of 10% Calendula officinalis extract gel for oral wound healing in rats
Authors: Ghodoosi Sanaz , Namazi Zahra , Mashhadiabbas Fatemeh , Bakhtiari Sedigheh , Sadat Afraz Elham
Published: February 2024

This study assessed the efficacy of 10% Calendula officinalis (C. officinalis) extract gel for oral wound healing in rats. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomized into test and control groups (n=16). The rats were anesthetized to create a wound in their buccal mucosa by a #3 puncher. Next, 10% C. officinalis gel and a placebo gel were applied over the wounds in the test and control groups, respectively. Each group was randomly divided into two subgroups for assessment at 7 and 14 days (duration of treatment). At each time point, a biopsy sample was obtained from the wound and type of inflammatory cells, severity of inflammation, type of connective tissue, and percentage of wound contraction were assessed by a pathologist. Data were analyzed by univariate ANOVA and Chi-square test. The mean percentage of wound contraction was 28.28% and 62.58% in the test and -15.98% and 7.08% in the control group at 7 and 14 days, respectively, indicating significantly greater wound contraction in the test group at both time points (p<0.001). The type of connective tissue was significantly different between the two groups at 14 days (p<0.05). The number of giant cells was significantly higher in the test group than the control group at 7 days (p<0.05). No other significant differences were noted. Application of 10% C. officinalis gel improved wound contraction and enhanced healing but had no significant effect on the severity of inflammation in traumatic oral ulcers in rats.
The cytotoxic effect of antidepressants sertraline on human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells
Authors: Amini Khodashahri Fatemeh , Sahraee Sanaz , Rachmawati Heni
Published: February 2024

It has been reported that antidepressants drugs may have anticancer effects, though the findings on anticancer effects of antidepressant sertraline are controversial. The present study was carried out to determine the cytotoxic effects of sertraline on cervical cancer (HeLa) cells. Hela cells were divided into control group and groups treated with 1.5625, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 μg/ml of sertraline. MTT assay method was used to measure the cytotoxic effects of sertraline on HeLa cells 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Treatment with sertraline (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 μg/ml) led to decreased HeLa cells viability compared to control group 24 and 48 hours after treatment. The IC50 value was 16.5 and 4.3 μg/ml for 24, 48 hours after treatment, respectively. Our findings indicated that sertraline has cytotoxic effects on cervical cancer cells in vitro, however, further research are required to elucidate the anticancer effects of sertraline on cervical tumors in vivo.
The cytotoxic effects of sertraline on ovarian (A2780) cancer cells in vitro
Authors: Amini Khodashahri Fatemeh , Zargarnezhad Marjan , Sajadi Rojina
Published: February 2024

A number of studies have shown that antidepressants can affect cancer cells viability, however, there are few studies focusing on anticancer effects of sertraline on ovarian cancer cells. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sertraline on cell viability in ovarian (A2780) cancer cells. A2780 cells were divided into control group and groups treated with 1.5625, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 μg/ml of sertraline. 24 and 48 hours after treatment, cell viability was assessed by MTT assay method. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. Treatment with 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 μg/ml of sertraline led to significant decrease in cell viability compared to control group 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Although treatment of A2780 cells with 3.125 μg/ml of sertraline did not significantly change the cell viability 24h after treatment, however, treatment of A2780 cells with 3.125 μg/ml of sertraline for 48h significantly decreased the cell viability compared to control group. IC50 value was 11.6 and 5.8 μg/ml for sertraline 24 and 48 hours after treatment, respectively, showing a significant decrease in IC50 (48h) compared to IC50 (24h). The results of this study revealed that sertraline has cytotoxic effects on ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Increased treatment duration led to enhanced cytotoxicity of sertraline on ovarian cancer cells.