bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pflanzlich, bio, regional: Drei Strategien für mehr Nachhaltigkeit und systemischen Wandel im Ernährungssystem
Authors: Hanke Gerolf , Jägle Julia , Jánszky Babett , Quack Dietlinde , Meier Johanna , Von Mering Friedhelm , Wolff Franziska
Published: December 2023

Deutschlands Ernährungssystem ist nicht nachhaltig. Das kürzlich abgeschlossene Forschungsprojekt Sozial-ökologische Transformation des Ernährungssystems (STErn) skizziert drei Strategien, die für einen Wandel hin zu mehr Nachhaltigkeit zentral sind: stärker pflanzenbasierte Ernährung, mehr und verbesserte Bio-Lebensmittel und eine Regionalisierung von Wertschöpfungsketten.
Enhancing heat exchanger efficiency with novel perforated cone-shaped turbulators and nanofluids: a computational study
Authors: Wang Limin , Wang Junqiang , Tang Jiajia , Zho Xuliong
Published: December 2023

The present paper presents a numerical investigation of heat transfer in an exchanger fitted with a modified conical-shaped turbulator containing water/Fe2O3 nanofluid. The study aims to address the critical need for improved heat exchanger efficiency, a vital component in various industries, including the chemical, power generation, and food industries. The work focuses on achieving enhanced heat transfer performance within a smaller volume, a primary goal of modern technology and industrial processes. The innovation in this study lies in the design and analysis of a novel conical turbulator, which has not been explored extensively in the context of heat exchangers fitted with nanofluids. Unlike traditional methods, which often rely on active or semi-active means to enhance heat transfer, this research introduces a passive approach through the incorporation of turbulators. Specifically, the study investigates the use of perforated cone-shaped turbulators in conjunction with nanofluids to boost heat transfer performance. The research employs state-of-the-art computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, allowing for a comprehensive evaluation of the turbulator’s performance across a wide range of Reynolds numbers (Re = 4000–20,000). It further examines the influence of various turbulator parameters, nanoparticle content, and geometry on heat transfer efficiency. Key findings indicate that the modified turbulator exhibits exceptional performance, increasing Nusselt numbers by 3.4–5.4 times and friction coefficients by 2.3–1.8 times compared to smooth pipes. Particularly noteworthy is the 92 % increase in the Nusselt number achieved with a mere 2 % increase in the Fe2O3 nanoparticle content. The present study introduces a novel passive heat transfer enhancement method using perforated cone-shaped turbulators and nanofluids, filling a significant gap in existing research. The innovative turbulator design and its substantial performance improvements offer promising prospects for achieving higher heat exchanger efficiency, making it a valuable contribution to thermal systems and heat transfer engineering.
Schur-power convexity of integral mean for convex functions on the coordinates
Authors: Shi Huannan , Zhang Jing
Published: December 2023

In this article, we investigate the concepts of monotonicity, Schur-geometric convexity, Schur-harmonic convexity, and Schur-power convexity for the lower and upper limits of the integral mean, focusing on convex functions on coordinate axes. Furthermore, we introduce novel and fascinating inequalities for binary means as a practical application.
What’s Belief Got to Do With It?
Authors: Gäb Sebastian
Published: December 2023

This paper argues that even Crane’s modified account of belief doesn’t do justice to all varieties of religious belief. Particularly beliefs associated with ritual behavior don’t seem to match the criteria of Crane’s alternative account. So, the question remains whether these beliefs should still be called beliefs, or whether the standard model of belief is even more false than Crane suspects.
Domination and Submission. From the Idea of ‘Legal Personality’ Back to the Metaphor of the ‘Mask’
Authors: Pelloso Carlo
Published: December 2023

The challenging concept of legal person has evolved significantly over the centuries, rooted in the ancient Roman notion of persona as a mask or character that conferred different legal and social roles on individuals (as well super-human entities). In modern times, the concept of legal person seems even to expand beyond the human sphere to encompass a wide range of entities, including animals, artificial intelligence (AI) and the environment. This article explores the complexities and dilemmas surrounding this evolving concept, and examines the challenges and opportunities presented by the extension of the legal persona to new frontiers.
Spectres of Intellectual Property in the Soviet Union: The Development and Recognition of the Inventor’s Certificate
Authors: Bosse Jocelyn , Dahlin Johanna
Published: December 2023

After the October Revolution in 1917, the legal protection for inventions in the Soviet Union underwent a series of transformations. One of the key changes was the emergence of the “inventor’s certificate” as a socialist alternative to patents, whereby inventions were declared to be state property, but inventors were entitled to recognition and compensation. Patents were generally available in parallel to inventor’s certificates, but the latter remained the preferred mechanism for encouraging the worker-inventor and mass inventing activity, as well as promoting the free flow of information that capitalist patent systems had failed to achieve. However, as the Soviet Union started to pursue membership of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, several socialist countries sought to amend the treaty to recognise their inventor’s certificates as equivalent to patents. This sparked a debate amongst Paris Union members, during which the socialist countries portrayed the inventor’s certificate in a manner analogous to Schrödinger’s cat: it simultaneously was and wasn’t a patent. While the debate was never fully resolved by the Paris Union members, this article revisits the history and international debates about the Soviet protection of inventions to consider what the uncertainty about the inventor’s certificate might reveal about the circulation of technical information and the nature of global intellectual property law.
“A Name Which to Them is Sacred”: Quakers and Religious Trademarks in American Enterprise
Authors: Ventimiglia Andrew
Published: December 2023

This article examines disputes surrounding the ownership and appropriation of the name “Quaker” in American enterprise in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. I focus specifically on efforts by the Society of Friends – colloquially known as the Quakers – to prohibit the use of the name of any religious church, denomination, society, or association in commerce, thereby rendering religious trademarks unregistrable. By exploring disputes around the Quaker name, I argue that the Society of Friends strategically appropriated terminology provided by trademark law (product origin, goodwill, distinctiveness) to claim ownership in the Quaker name while simultaneously arguing that religious names were sacred and thus could not be owned as a form of intellectual property. This historical debate provides insights to crucial questions about the spectral operation of trademark law in the United States. For instance, how are the taxonomies and logics of trademark law ‘possessed’ or spectrally animated by other pre-existing cultural/theological dimensions of ownership? Conversely, how does trademark law then reconstitute pre-existing logics around naming within religious organizations, for instance by providing new frames (the name as defense for consumer confusion or as guarantor of divine source) for understanding American religious practice?
Spectral Shadows in Scientific Practice: Unveiling the Haunting Effects of Authorship and Scientific Capital Accumulation
Authors: Rodriguez Maria
Published: December 2023

This article weaves together the intricate realms of authorship and scientific capital within the context of the Tumor Bank at Mexico’s National Institute of Cancerology (INCan). As intellectual property paradigms continue to evolve, the notion of authorship emerges as an intriguing avenue for the dissemination of knowledge. This study employs ethnographic methods to investigate the multifaceted conflicts involving the ownership of biological samples, the authorship of research outputs, and scientific capital. In the context of INCan’s research setting, the discrepancies in sample distribution serve as a symbolic reflection of the scientific capital and influence exercised by researchers. In doing so, interviews with INCan researchers illuminate how intricate collegial and personal relationships and alliances are navigated in order to secure coveted samples. Within this intricate interplay, credibility and power dynamics intertwine, crafting a tapestry of considerable complexity shaping the nuanced dynamics of authorship within the academic sphere.
Africa’s Stance in the Russia–Ukrainian War: An Opportunity for Partnership with China and Russia
Authors: Agyemfra Annie Abena Aku
Published: December 2023

China’s President Xi Jinping and Russia’s President Vladimir Putin have repeatedly hailed a ‘no limits’ partnership between their respective countries to the displeasure of the United States in light of the ongoing war in Ukraine. Therefore, it has become more apparent that the long-term goals of the Russian and Chinese foreign policies are to establish a new world order by reinstating their countries as great powers while challenging the U.S.-led global hegemony. The current geopolitical turbulence accelerated by the great power rivalry has not only shattered the international order that has existed since the end of the Cold War, but also reframed partnerships where the role of African states are becoming more prominent. Notably, while Martin Kimani, Kenya’s UN envoy, was widely praised for his powerful speech reaffirming Kenya’s respect for the territorial integrity of Ukraine within its internationally recognized borders during the Security Council’s emergency session (21 February 2022), 25 of Africa’s 54 states abstained or did not vote to condemn Russia’s invasion of Ukraine during the emergency session of the UN General Assembly (A/RES/ES-11/1) in March 2022. This equivocal reaction contrasted sharply not only with the widespread condemnation of Russia’s assault from every other region but also with African states’ official positions on preserving territorial integrity and borders within Africa. The study, therefore, seeks to explore Africa’s stance in light of the ongoing war and how the interests and (re)actions of African states contribute to furthering Russia’s goal of weakening the United States as a dominant power. The study applies a qualitative approach by drawing from literature on Africa’s relations with Russia and analyzing media and NGO reports on contemporary events, official communications of African officials, and voting patterns of African states in the UN General Assembly in the context of the ongoing war in Ukraine. Initial findings suggest that several factors contribute to the hesitant position of some African countries. These include the legacy of colonial and imperial control, arms trading, food security, discriminatory treatment of African students in Ukraine, and the U.S. Congress’ anti-Russian legislation (H.R. 7311, the Countering Malign Russian Activities in Africa Act), which punishes African nations for their political and economic ties with Russia. These factors reinforce neocolonialism in Africa.
Current Trends in Care for Infants Diagnosed with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome in Canada: A Discussion Paper
Authors: Gallant Sarah Madeline , Somerville Mari , Breneol Sydney , Cassidy Christine
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a growing epidemic across the globe. Infants diagnosed often require resource-intensive nursing care and are at risk for future complex health conditions. A shift in approaches to care for this population has been identified as a priority health care need across Canada. Objectives: This discussion paper aims to highlight the current shift in care for the NAS population, focusing on the Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring Tool (FNAST) and the Eat, Sleep, Console (ESC) model of care. Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was developed to explore the current trend in care for infants diagnosed with NAS: the transition from the FNAST to the ESC model of care. Four scholarly databases (CINAHL, PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar) were searched. Relevant articles were critically analyzed for their implications on infant and family health, family experience, health system outcomes, and nursing practice. Discussion: In our review of the literature, the FNAST was the most used tool when caring for infants diagnosed with NAS. Although this tool has guided care for infants for decades, it presents some limitations, including subjectivity, invasive and lengthy assessments, and lack of collaboration. Many facilities across Canada are shifting to the ESC model of care as an alternative model. It has potential to address challenges of the care guided by the FNAST, with the ESC model emphasizing non-pharmacological care, a focus on the birth-parent–infant dyad, and dedication to a function-based assessment. Conclusion: Further efforts are needed to support the real-world implementation of evidence-based models of care for this population.
Implementation and Evaluation of the Eat, Sleep, Console Model of Care for Babies Diagnosed with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Gallant Sarah Madeline , MacNeil Morgan , Al-Rassi Joyce , Mann Cynthia , Falconer Allyson , McLeod Rebecca , Aston Megan , Cassidy Christine
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Infants diagnosed with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) or neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) constitute a growing population in Canada. In most facilities, an outdated model of care is used to guide the care and assessment of babies diagnosed with NAS. Challenges with this outdated model have prompted the transition to a novel approach to care, the Eat, Sleep, Console model. Despite this promising intervention to improve patient and health system outcomes, little is known on how to effectively implement and evaluate the model in clinical practice. Objectives: We will conduct a scoping review to address the question, “How has the Eat, Sleep, Console model been implemented and evaluated in practice?”. Methods: We will follow the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework. Reporting will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Published and unpublished literature will be included in the review. The following databases and grey literature will be searched: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Google Scholar, and websites identified in a Google website search. Two independent reviewers will screen literature and extract data based on predetermined eligibility criteria and data extraction tools. We will narratively describe quantitative data, along with completing an inductive thematic analysis of qualitative findings. Furthermore, we will conduct a directed content analysis of qualitative findings using the COM-B model of behaviour and RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance) framework. We anticipate findings will be used to support future implementation of the Eat, Sleep, Console model into clinical practice, including subsequent evaluation of implementation.
Exploring the volume and type of unhealthy advertising in close proximity to schools: An audit of bus shelter advertising in one mid-sized Canadian city
Authors: Kennedy Laura J , Steeves Dan , Walls Rose , Pierce Hannah , Stoneham Melissa
Published: December 2023

Background: Unhealthy advertising influences the attitudes and behaviour of children. Child exposure to products such as alcohol and fast food have been linked to adverse health problems, such as heavy drinking and obesity. Bus shelter advertisements are a potential exposure site for unhealthy advertising for children as they take municipal transit to and from school. This study explores the volume and type of unhealthy advertising at bus shelters within close proximity to schools in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Methods: In Halifax, Nova Scotia, 55 bus shelters with advertising were within a 500-metre distance of an elementary, junior, or high school. Three audits occurred in October 2020 (Fall), January 2021 (Winter), and April 2021 (Spring). Advertisements were coded as unhealthy if containing alcohol or gambling promotions. Food promotions were classified as maximum (healthy), moderate, or minimum (unhealthy) nutrition. Results: In total, 319 bus shelter advertisements were collected across three audits. Of these, 14.4% of advertisements were unhealthy (n = 46), and less than 1% (n = 3) were classified as healthy. For the unhealthy advertising, 37.0% (n = 17) of advertisements promoted gambling, 32.6% (n = 15) advertised food, 21.7% (n = 10) advertised non-alcohol beverages, and 8.7% (n = 4) advertised alcohol. The majority of advertisements (n = 270; 84.6%) were classified as other. Implications: Children are potentially exposed to unhealthy advertising as they travel to and from school in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Further research is needed to understand how and when children are exposed to these types of advertising. Municipalities can consider implementing further bylaws and administrative orders that create supportive environments for children and youth.
Exercise Training Recommendations for Adults With and Without Chronic Disease to Improve Endothelial Health
Authors: Shivgulam Madeline Eva , O'Brien Myles W
Published: December 2023

The endothelium is the innermost layer of the blood vessels and is responsible for the production of chemicals that are used to regulate arterial diameter in response to changes in blood flow. Dysfunction of the endothelium is a key precursor for cardiovascular disease. However, exercise training may mitigate this dysfunction and promote endothelial health. Therefore, this infographic illustrates findings from an umbrella review (review of reviews; 10.1007/s40279-023-01837-w) that investigated the impact of any exercise training intervention (intervention) on adults with or without chronic disease (population), with, or without a comparator group (comparison), on endothelial function (outcome) using evidence from 27 reviews, including 19 meta-analyses (5464 unique participants). Overall, the included reviews provided evidence that the type of training to optimally improve endothelial function may vary based on disease condition. Specifically, the evidence suggests that healthy adults benefitted most from high intensity aerobic training and/or more frequent low-moderate resistance training. In addition, adults with type 2 diabetes benefitted most from low-intensity resistance or low-moderate aerobic exercise training, whereas those with cardiovascular conditions (i.e., heart transplant patients, peripheral artery disease, heart failure, hypertension, and cerebrovascular disease) should consider engaging in higher-intensity aerobic training to improve endothelial function, although may still need to consult a healthcare provider. Exercise training also improves endothelial function in other chronic conditions including cancer and autoimmune rheumatic disease, but the evidence is insufficient to provide specific guidelines. Although insufficient data exists to determine specific intervention characteristics (i.e., frequency, intensity, type, time), this information provides a high level of evidence to support exercise training, including aerobic, resistance, and combined training as effective strategies to improve endothelial-dependent vasodilatory function in adults. These findings should help guide the design of specific exercise programs or recommendations.
"You are what you eat": Plant-Human Relations in Home Gardens
Authors: Culverwell Lauren
Published: December 2023

Gardening has long been conceptualized as a practice that blurs nature-human binaries and connects humans to nature in rapidly urbanising worlds. Based on six weeks of fieldwork on the Cape Flats, this article explores human interpretations of beyond-human connections and experiences that are engendered in their home vegetable gardens. It weaves together ethnographic data and theoretical frameworks like posthumanism, multispecies ethnography and actor-network theory to analyse the inner workings of these relationships. I collaborated with six interlocutors and their gardens to reveal how companionships with plants and their produce complicate, contest or conform to nature-human binaries. In doing so, this paper investigates how through gardening, interlocutors come to recognize otherwise ‘invisible’ elements in the natural world as valued companions that not only co-produce healthy vegetables, but also co-create identities, emotions, practices, and justices. However, this paper also traces the exchanges that take place within the garden, contending that only the gardening agents that are perceived capable of maintaining beneficial reciprocities come to be coded as companions, whilst others that do not become pests or nuisances. Through these insights, it aims to add nuances to the claims that gardening dissolves human-nature dichotomies.
Learning Differently: The Struggles and Silver Linings of Dyslexia
Authors: Morrison Kelsey
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to understand the struggles and joys of individuals who have dyslexia. Situated in sociological theory, I contend that dyslexia is biological by nature, but socially constructed as a learning disability. This social construction is culturally shaped and bound by values of nonverbal communication which, consequently, is the area in which dyslexics struggle the most. Using a content analysis style of collecting data, I read hundreds of blog posts aiming to understand the experience of dyslexic individuals living in the United States. This article delves into themes of education, upbringing, and individual perceptions of self. I also explore how an accurate diagnosis of dyslexia can improve learning, which often helps promote positive self-esteem. This study explores how to find the gifts of dyslexia to redefine genius for individuals in Western societies.
New Norm, Old Obstacles: The Impact of Distance Learning on Student Agency during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cardenas Tyler
Published: December 2023

Mandatory distance learning implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic has produced a new educational landscape for elementary students. Working- and middle-class students have had to meet new expectations around class attendance, homework, and time management, and some are now responsible for overseeing their own education. This study examines students’ agentive expressions and perceptions of time to explore the effects of these expectations, and to contribute to a discussion about the implications of distance learning. Through participant observation and interviews with elementary school students across four Southern California school districts, this study offers insights into how students conceptualize their new role in their education and it provides concrete examples of how this manifests day-to-day. Students from ages five to thirteen learning from home, especially those with limited assistancefrom guardians throughout the school day, have new responsibilities and a greater sense of “their time,” through which they simultaneously discover and establish their position as agents in their education.
Kêcéh Balung Butå: Riwayat Pencarian Benda Purbakala di Situs Patiayam Periode 1891-2007
Authors: Aji Ardhiatama Purnama
Published: December 2023

Abstrak

Situs Patiayam merupakan situs purbakala yang mempunyai bentang geomorfologi lembah serta bukit-bukit. Area situs mayoritas ada di daerah administratif Desa Terban Kecamatan Jekulo Kabupaten Kudus. Situs Patiayam secara stratigrafis punya enam formasi yang menyimpan bertumpuk-tumpuk fosil di dalam tanahnya. Karena berlimpah fosil, berbagai penggalian ditempuh. Penulis hendak memaparkan kisah pencarian fosil di situs tersebut dalam karya sejarah. Karya ini diawali sejak 1891, ketika Patiayam mulai ditelusuri Dubois. Lingkup temporal kajian berakhir tahun 2007, saat produk tinggalan budaya Homo erectus berhasil ditemukan. Kajian ini mempergunakan metode penelitian sejarah, mencakup lima tahapan: pemilihan topik, heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, beserta historiografi. Pada era kolonial, para akademisi seperti Eugene Dubois menadatangi Perbukitan Patiayam dengan dorongan teori evolusi. Mereka justru menemukan buncahan fosil hewan, dari yang berhabitat lingkungan laut, hutan hujan, dan savana. Pasca-kemerdekaan, penelusuran benda purbakala kembali dijalankan oleh akademisi tanah air, seperti Sartono, Yacob, Zaim, dan Simanjuntak. Yahdi Zaim bahkan menemukan fosil Homo erectus yang sekiranya turut menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan peneliti era kolonial tentang teori evolusi. Pasca-Reformasi, penelusuran benda purbakala di Patiayam jadi kian “gegap gempita”. Bergeser dari peran sebagai penjual fosil pada masa kolonial, warga setempat menjadi pihak terdepan dalam penemuan benda purbakala melalui paguyubannya. Balar Yogyakarta sebagai akademisi sukses menempuh sejumlah riset dan menemukan tinggalan budaya Homo erectus. Bukan tanpa alasan, penemuan itu menjadi kunci pembuka tabir kehidupan purba di Situs Patiayam.

Kata Kunci: Benda Purbakala, Pencarian, Situs Patiayam
Kontribusi Pelabuhan Talang Duku Terhadap Sektor Perekonomian Masyarakat Kabupaten Muaro Jambi
Authors: Dewi Risna , Pitri Pitri , Siregar Isrina , Purnomo Budi
Published: December 2023

Indonesia adalah negara kepulauan, pelabuhan diperlukan untuk komunikasi antar pulau. Salah satu kabupaten di Provinsi Jambi, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, memiliki pelabuhan air terbesar, seperti pelabuhan Talang Duku, yang dimaksudkan untuk mempercepat pergerakan produk secara signifikan. Dengan dibangunnya pelabuhan di Talang Duku Jambi, kajian ini berupaya untuk menetapkan bagaimana merumuskan pengelolaan sanitasi lingkungan masyarakat yang memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi domestik. Kajian ini dilakukan di perimeter dan buffer zone Pelabuhan Talang Duku Jambi yang berjarak kurang lebih 10 km dari Kota Jambi. Metode penelitian kualitatif diterapkan dalam penelitian ini. Temuan studi analisis kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa peran Pelabuhan Talang Duku dalam melakukan transaksi bongkar muat barang dan aktivitas transaksi perdagangan dalam dan luar negeri yang berperan aktif dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat hingga saat ini.
Semerbak Tembakau Dlimoyo: Enterpreneur Lokal di Ngadirejo Temanggung Akhir Abad XX
Authors: Farizal Ebbim Farizal
Published: December 2023

Abstrak

 

Tanaman tembakau memiliki daya tarik tersendiri bagi para petani yang ada di Desa Dlimoyo Kecamatan Ngadirejo Kabupaten Temanggung. Tembakau menjadi komoditi yang diunggulkan oleh para petani tembakau di wilayah Desa Dlimoyo. Tanaman tembakau sangat berpengaruh terhadap perekonomian para petani itu sendiri maupun perekonomian daerah. Tanaman tembakau di Desa Dlimoyo dikenal memiliki kualitas yang sangat baik. Kajian mengenai tanaman tembakau di Desa Dlimoyo masih belum banyak diteliti. Berkaitan dengan itu maka penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui lebih jelas tentang tengkulak tembakau dalam perubahan sosial ekonomi di Desa Dlimoyo.

          Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mencari jawaban atas beberapa masalah yang ada. (1)  Mengapa petani tetap bertahan dalam budidaya tembakau di Desa Dlimoyo Kecamatan Ngadirejo Kabupaten Temanggung. (2) Perubahan sosial apa yang terjadi dari pengelolaan budidaya tembakau di Desa Dlimoyo Kecamatan Ngadirejo Kabupaten Temanggung.

          Metode Penelitian ini terdiri atas beberapa tahap yaitu (1) Heuristik, (2) kritik sumber, (3) interpretasi dan (4) historiografi. Teknik pengumpulan data peneliti menggunakan data berupa data tertulis dan dokumen berupa arsip, dan kebanyakan dari sumber lisan hasil wawancara langsung dengan petani tembakau yang sudah berperan dalam pengolahan tembakau pada tahun tersebut..’

          Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diperoleh dua kesimpulan yaitu (1) budidaya tembakau yang telah dilakukan sejak lama dan menjadi bagian dari kehidupan suatu kelompok masyarakat Desa Dlimoyo. hal paling mendasar dari tradisi yaitu adanya naluri atau informasi yang diteruskan dari generasi ke generasi baik tertulis maupun lisan. Dan kehadiran tengkulak yang setiap saat dapat dijangkau oleh petani tembakau memiliki pengaruh yang cukup kuat sehingga petani tidak bisa keluar dari hubungan sosial yang telah dibangun antara keduanya (2) Kondisi masyarakat yang semula biasa-biasa saja dan sebagaimana lazimnya penduduk pedesaan dengan kondisi yang serba pas-pasan sekarang telah menjadi manusia yang berkecukupan serta dapat maningkatkan taraf hidup dan status petani. Perubahan status menuju kondisi ekonomi yang cukup mapan akan mengubah berbagai aspek kehidupan mereka.

Kata kunci : Petani, Tembakau, Sosial, Ekonomi.
Sejarah Karya-Karya Intelektual Muslim dan Pranata/Lembaga Sosial
Authors: Maulana Indra Maulana Indra
Published: December 2023

This article explains the history of intellectual works produced by the Muslim community throughout the centuries and their relationship to social institutions or institutions in Islamic civilization. The main focus of the research is to reveal how Muslim intellectual thought has made a significant contribution to the development of social institutions in various historical contexts. This article includes an analysis of intellectual works related to law, ethics, education, and social order, and identifies their impact on Muslim society. Through a comprehensive literature review, this article examines the development of intellectualism in the Islamic tradition from early times to the modern era. Additionally, this article highlights the role of famous figures in the history of Islamic thought and the way their concepts have shaped social institutions such as the sharia legal system, educational institutions, and the social structure of Muslim societies. This research also highlights the contribution of Muslim intellectuals to the development of science and technology, which in turn influences social institutions and the development of civilization in the Islamic world. Through a deeper understanding of the history of Muslim intellectual works, this article aims to provide insight into how intellectualism and social institutions are interrelated in the context of Islamic civilization. In conclusion, this article considers the important role of Muslim intellectual works in shaping social institutions and institutions in the Islamic world throughout its history. Understanding this relationship can provide a better perspective on how Islamic intellectualism played a role in directing social, legal, and ethical developments in Muslim civilization.

 

Keywords: Muslim Intellectuals, Muslim Intellectual Works.
Clinical and radiological risk factors associated with the occurrence of acute compartment syndrome in tibial fractures: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Morello Vanessa , Gamulin Axel
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is an orthopedic emergency that may lead to devastating sequelae. Diagnosis may be difficult. The aim of this systematic review is to identify clinical and radiological risk factors for ACS occurrence in tibial fractures.

Methods

PubMed® database was searched in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Additional articles were found by a manual research of selected references and authors’ known articles.

Results

The identification process individualized 2758 via database and 30 via other methods. After screening and eligibility assessment, 29 articles were included. Age, gender, occupation, comorbidities, medications, habits, polytrauma, multiple injuries, mechanism, sports, site, open vs closed, contiguous lesion, classification, and pattern were found to be related to ACS occurrence.

Conclusions

Younger age and male gender are strong independent risk factors in tibial plateau and shaft fractures. High-energy fractures, polytrauma, more proximal fractures and fractures with contiguous skeletal lesions are aggravating risk factors; higher AO/OTA and Schatzker classification types, increased displacement of the tibia relative to the femur, and increased tibial joint surface width are associated risk factors in tibial plateau fractures; higher AO Foundation/Orthopaedic Trauma Association classification types and subgroups and more proximal fractures within the diaphysis are associated risk factors in tibial shaft fracture. Open fractures do not prevent ACS occurrence. Increased fracture length is the only factor suggesting a higher risk of ACS in tibial pilon fractures. The presence of each independent predictor may have a cumulative effect increasing the risk of ACS occurrence.
Assessment of Library Service Quality at University of The Bahamas Libraries
Authors: Hinsey Shananda Miller , Armbrister Felicia
Published: December 2023

The 21st-century learner has changed the way that libraries are being used. Academic libraries must demonstrate their value to university governing boards, therefore, libraries must understand current user perceptions to be prepared for the future. Continuous assessment of library collections, space, and services provides data needed to understand and demonstrate the impact of libraries in academia.
University of The Bahamas Libraries administered the web-based LibQUAL+® survey twice, first in 2008 and 10 years later in 2018, to assess users’ perceptions and to measure service quality. The survey designed by the Association of Research Libraries and Texas A&M University has been used globally by libraries to gain insight from their user communities.
In the survey findings, library users highlighted a need for more computers, printers, and updated equipment, along with more current books and journals. The survey results also revealed that University Libraries had helpful staff who provided efficient service. Users perceived that the libraries’ information literacy sessions helped them gain skills allowing them to become more efficient in their academic pursuits. With the opening of two new library buildings during this period, the onsite use of resources increased significantly for both the Harry C. Moore Library and UB North Campus Library. Overall, the general satisfaction level of users increased in 2018.
Editorial
Authors: Oenbring Raymond Austin
Published: December 2023

Editorial for Volume 29
Medicinos rezidento autonomiją sąlygojantys veiksniai Lietuvos gydytojų hierarchinėje struktūroje
Authors: Vaitkienė Agota
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the factors determining the autonomy of the medical resident in the hierarchical structure of Lithuanian doctors.
Due to the different legal practices that have a direct impact on the autonomy of the medical resident, a three-level model is constructed: macro, meso, micro, according to which the impact of the system on the autonomy of the medical resident is analyzed. At the meso level, the requirements and regulations of the macro level affect the individual on micro level by creating an environment for acceptable relationships and actions.
At the macro level, health care system organizations recognize the medical resident as a specialist and coordinate residency by implementing laws. According to the Medical Practice Act, which defines a medical resident, medical residents must follow the instructions of a residency supervisor or other professional until they complete their training. The autonomy of the medical resident is influenced both by the medical community due to its low hierarchical position and by health care system organizations that control the regulation of medical residency itself.
The position of a student directs the medical resident to practical learning, when only acquired additional qualifications grant the license of a medical specialist, and the status of an employee in the residency bases enables direct participation in the Lithuanian medical community through working relationships. Participating in direct relationships with doctors is part of the professionalization process, when the social norms of doctors are adopted and competences are acquired. Due to the hierarchical structure of the medical community, medical residents, as holders of only the first license, are at the bottom of the hierarchy and do not have extensive autonomy to make their own decisions.
АРХАЇЧНА СЕМАНТИКА СМІХУ
Authors: RODNYI Oleh
Published: December 2023

Досліджується семантика сміху в середньовічній та Ренесансній сміховій культурі. Аналізується взаємне співвідношення архаїчного сміху з християнським. Мета дослідження – здійснюти спробу узагальнення деяких основних положень, що стосуються семантики сміху в сміхової культурі європейського Середньовіччя й Відродження.Показано, що сміх з’єднається зі звичайними формами життя у всі епохи. Більш того, майже все, що пов’язане з сакральним, осміюється. У цей момент сміх перетворюється на священний сміх. В епоху великих поворотних моментів та трансцендентальних змін все життя набуває карнавального значення. Доводиться, що ця ситуація дає право стверджувати, що соціальний перехід – це завжди хаос.Архаїчна семантика сміху, яка потім замінена християнськими складовими, продовжує своє існування. Семантика «відродження» архаїчного сміху, одночасно зі знаком «відродження Христа», є активним у християнських святах. Як результат, протягом Середньовіччя сміх став прийомом із вторинною семантикою, і ця традиція продовжувалася в епоху Відродження.В статті уточняється, що сміху в добу Середньовіччя та Відродження відповідає не стільки саме життю, скільки смерті, що переходить у нове життя.Міфологічний комізм і його комічні компоненти зводились до архаїчних уявлень про подвійність світу й усього сущого. Зроблено висновок, що архаїчна семантика сміху, замінюючись християнською, поєднується з нею. Семантика «відродження» архаїчного сміху, поєднуючись зі знаком «відродження Христа», активується в християнських святах. Тим або іншим способом в епохи Середньовіччя й Відродження семантика подвійної метафори сміху визначає ставлення до сміху, і таке ставлення більш-менш впливає на структуру комічного в сміховій культурі.
Imprensa portuguesa e os debates sobre a transição política no Brasil (1976-1978):
Authors: Lohn Reinaldo Lindolfo
Published: December 2023

Este artigo tem como foco a constituição da imprensa escrita portuguesa como espaço de discussões internacionais acerca da transição política no Brasil na segunda metade da década de 1970. Brasileiros e portugueses ocuparam espaços em jornais e semanários de Portugal, tendo debatido as questões que envolviam uma possível democratização do Brasil em um cenário político em que o país ibérico vivia o seu próprio processo de construção democrática após a chamada Revolução dos Cravos. Neste contexto, as discussões entre as oposições brasileiras no exterior transformaram a imprensa portuguesa entre 1976 e 1978 em um nó de encontro de ideias em torno de temas que ganharam importância no período, especialmente perspectivas políticas como revolução social, socialdemocracia e eurocomunismo.
Apresentação
Authors: Patto Sá Motta Rodrigo , Lohn Reinaldo
Published: December 2023

Apresentação do dossiê Imprensa, mídias e regimes políticos ditatoriais, organizado pelos professores doutores Rodrigo Patto Sá Motta e Reinaldo Lindolfo Lohn
Accurate identification of Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae and other mitis group Streptococci identified as atypical Streptococcus pneumoniae in Tunisian pediatric population
Authors: Mhimdi Samar , Meftah Khaoula , Bouafsoun Aida , Smaoui Hanen
Published: December 2023

Accurate identification of Mitis group streptococci especially Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae seems difficult due to the lack of specific and sensitive tests. We performed an approach for the identification of atypical pneumococci in pediatric Tunisian population. In this study, 49 streptococcal isolates that were considered as atypical S. pneumoniae were analyzed by: optochin susceptibility in ambient and 5% CO2 atmosphere, oxgall disk sensitivity, PCR targeting several genes and antimicrobial susceptibility.

The combined results of biochemical and molecular methods showed the presence of 23 S. pneumoniae, 7 S. pseudopneumoniae, and 19 other mitis group. Among S. pseudopneumoniae, all isolates were collected from respiratory tract samples and showed a high level of resistance to β-lactams with a MIC90 of 32 mg L−1. Two isolates of S. pseudopneumoniae showed the typical phenotype of optochin resistance described in the literature. All isolates could be identified only by molecular tests. Among Streptococcus pneumonaie, all strains harbored the lytA gene and the Spn9802 fragment. But only 14 strains were encapsulated.

This study describes several assays for the identification of atypical pneumococci in order to gain insights on the nature of isolate and raise alert about the presence of these strains in the pediatric Tunisian community.
The Representative Meaning of Longing in Mahmoud Darwish's "Ila Ummi" Poem Viewed from a Semantic Approach
Authors: Makrifah Nurul , Intan Sari Dewi
Published: December 2023

Poetry is one literary form that requires comprehension. Therefore, this study examines the lexical, grammatical, and referential meanings of the poems in Ila Ummi. By summarizing the data gathered, this study employs descriptive qualitative research methodology. The poem Ila Ummi by Mahmoud Darwish, which can be found in his poetry collection Aasyiq Min Filastiin, serves as the primary data source for this study. Books, journals, and other supporting materials make up the secondary data. The study's findings indicate that Ila Ummi's poetry has referential, grammatical, and lexical semantic meanings. Grammatical meaning is the meaning of a sentence that varies due to structural changes, as opposed to lexical meaning, which is the meaning stated in a dictionary or refers to the real meaning. Furthermore, this paper investigates the role of figurative language, metaphor, and symbolism in conveying the emotional depth of longing in "Ila Ummi." The poet's use of metaphors, such as the land as a mother, and symbols, like the olive tree, are explored to unveil the layers of meaning that these elements contribute to the overall semantic structure of the poem. This study contributes to the understanding of Mahmoud Darwish's work as a literary and cultural artifact that transcends individual sentiment and embodies the collective experience of longing for a homeland. By employing a semantic approach, the paper highlights the poem's ability to evoke many emotions and associations, making "Ila Ummi" a profound representation of longing that resonates with readers on both personal and universal levels.
Significance of Local Wisdom in Preparing Arabic Teaching Materials
Authors: Nurdiana Ryan , Kumalasari Desy , Setiawan Cecef , Daroini Slamet
Published: December 2023

This study aims to explain the position of local wisdom content in Arabic teaching materials. As a language learned in the learning process (L2), few teaching materials thoroughly carry Arabic content. If we look at the reality of multicultural Indonesian society, aspects of local wisdom of the social system of Indonesian society are included in the material studied. This is an effort to integrate culture into language learning, positively impacting language learners. A point of view must be developed and used as a discourse to understand social phenomena that occur in Indonesian society, especially in the environment of pesantren and diniyah schools. Local wisdom can be viewed as a social and communicative system that produces a kind of self-organization (autopoiesis) within a culture. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive analysis method where the data obtained are processed and concluded from primary, secondary, and supporting sources. The research emphasizes that local content contributes to a deeper understanding of Arabic and culture, making the learning experience more engaging and relevant for learners. In conclusion, this research underscores the importance of integrating local wisdom and cultural content into Arabic teaching materials to enrich the language learning experience and foster a deeper connection between students and the Arabic language and culture. By recognizing the significance of local content, educators can enhance the effectiveness of their teaching methods and better prepare students for authentic and meaningful communication in Arabic-speaking communities.
O Homo Profanum e a potência do uso: uma proposição conceitual a partir de Giorgio Agamben
Authors: Paz Caio
Published: December 2023

Resumo: Este artigo pretende apresentar uma proposição conceitual a partir dos escritos do filósofo italiano Giorgio Agamben. Uma das noções centrais na filosofia política dele é a de Homo Sacer, utilizada como figura paradigmática para tecer críticas à violência do direito. A partir disso, neste artigo, propõe-se um jogo com essa noção, por intermédio do sintagma Homo Profanum. Esse jogo está referido ao papel que o conceito de profanação tem, no pensamento ético agambeniano. Por meio dessa proposição conceitual, mostra-se como Agamben realiza uma crítica à tradição e à maneira como ela concebeu a noção de sujeito. Além disso, ressalta-se também como, através dos conceitos de potência e uso, o filósofo italiano oferece apontamentos para abrir o horizonte ético da modernidade. Assim, caracteriza-se a figura que se chama de Homo Profanum, com base no modo como o filósofo italiano concebe as noções de ingovernável, de uso e de forma-de-vida, que, orbitando em torno do conceito de potência, formam uma constelação conceitual a partir da qual Agamben faz indicações para pensar sua ética da profanação.
An analysis of the essence of Chinese opera and vocal music from the perspective of hermeneutics and reception aesthetics
Authors: Xiang Jinjing
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The development of Chinese opera art, in modern times, has greatly changed with the times. Explaining the essence of Chinese opera and vocal music art from the Western modern hermeneutics and reception aesthetics theory is conducive to sorting out the development context and characteristics of Chinese opera in different times. At the same time, providing a systematic analysis method for modern opera and vocal music aesthetics promotes the aesthetic development of the art and contributes to the form innovation and technical refinement of domestic opera and vocal music art. The research starts with the theoretical analysis of hermeneutics and reception aesthetics and verifies and explores the development history of Chinese opera. The analysis of the artistic essence of opera and vocal music will be summarized mainly from the perspective of the object of the opera text and the subject of the aesthetic audience. The purpose of this research is to explain the essential characteristics of opera and vocal music art from the relationship between the subject and the object. Besides, it aims to examine the relationship between the understanding behavior of the masses and the creators and performers’ summary behavior for opera and vocal music art.