bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toxicity Assessment of Various Insecticides on Oxycarenus Hyalinipennis Costa (Lygaeidae: Hemiptera) in Laboratory Settings across Various Districts of Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Junaid Ali , Ishtiaq Muhammad , Mahmood Zahid , Iqbal Naeem , Ikram Rao Muhammad , Khan Zulqurnain
Published: April 2024

Cotton contributes 0.6% to the value added in GDP and 3.1% to the value added in the agriculture sector of Pakistan. The dusky cotton bug (DCB), Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae), is among the insect pest species of highest economic significance in cotton production in the country. Adults and nymphs feed on seeds and cotton bolls, affecting seed germination. The dusky cotton bug is a polyphagous insect that feeds on a variety of host plants. Its adults and nymphs typically feed on squares of the cotton plant, resulting in a pale yellow color of squares and subsequent shedding of infested squares. Insecticide resistance in cotton insect pests is an emerging threat to sustainable cotton production in Pakistan. A thorough understanding of resistance might be a valuable tool for implementing pest control approaches. In the present study, Clothianidin, Fipronil, Bifenthrin, Triazhophos, Deltamethrin, and Clothianidin + Imidacloprid insecticides were used in different cotton-growing districts of Punjab. Among all the insecticides used for controlling the DCB population, Clothianidin + Imidacloprid was found to be the most effective in all districts, while Deltamethrin was the least effective in District Khanewal, Bifenthrin in Dera Ghazi Khan, Rahim Yar Khan, and Vehari, and Clothainidin in Multan. Therefore, we recommend the use of a pesticide mixture (Clothianidin + Imidacloprid) as a beneficial strategy against the dusky cotton bug in various cotton-growing districts of Punjab.
Insecticidal Activity of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles from Pelargonium Citronellum against Citrus Mealybug, Planococcus Citri
Authors: Mutter Thamer Yousif , Hassan Omer Mohammed
Published: April 2024

Planococcus citri is a common insect pest that poses a serious threat to citrus crops. Treatment of Planococcus citri with chemical pesticides causes harm to humans, animals, and the environment. This study aimed to use silver nanoparticles as potential alternatives to control this agricultural insect pest. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An absorbance peak at 425 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum showed the existence of AgNPs due to plasmon resonance. XRD patterns verified that the AgNPs possess a highly crystalline structure. SEM imaging showed that the AgNPs were spherical in shape with an average size of 12.4 nm. Toxicological tests of the prepared silver nanoparticles showed they are effective in insecticidal activities in different stages of the mealybug. Using the synthesized silver nanoparticles for more than 72 hours of treatment at a concentration of 100 ppm resulted in the highest killing rates of 40.0, 68.0, and 70.0% for the development of three stages of the mealybug, including eggs, the first age of nymphs, and adult females, respectively. The lowest percentage of the insecticidal efficacy of silver nanoparticles was recorded at a concentration of 5 ppm, reaching 62.75 and 4.6 % after 3 and 7 days, respectively. To our knowledge, it is noteworthy to report that nanoparticles were successfully synthesized from the extract of Pelargonium citronellum for the first time. The results have demonstrated the potential of natural extracts as a source of nanoparticles to manage mealybugs.
Addressing the Persistent Challenge of Polio Resurgence: An Appeal for Global Health Action
Authors: Mamun Abdullah Al , Hapsari Rafif Naufi Waskitha , Aji Rozan Asyrofi Rakyan Risang
Published: April 2024

Not mandatory
Physical Activity and Knowledge about Nutrition Among Adolescents at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) Surabaya City
Authors: Zulkipli Zulkipli , Nurwijayanti Nurwijayanti , Suhita Byba Melda
Published: April 2024

Background: Adolescents are a window of opportunity for future development, so it is necessary to invest in the health and welfare of adolescents in accordance with the Adolescent Nutrition Program launched by the Indonesian government to adjust the Sustainable Development Goal at the UN meeting with a communication strategy for social change and adolescent behavior. Methods: This study used a quantitative design with 196 respondents whose samples were taken with probability sampling techniques in the form of simple random sampling. Physical activity data was taken from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), data on knowledge of nutrients obtained from the Self Administere Qustionnaire (QuesCa) and intensity of fast food consumption obtained from the Food Frequency Questionnaire while nutritional intake through 24-hour food recall form. Data analysis used multiple linear regression with SPSS 25 statistical tools. Results: Based on the t test, it was concluded that there was an effect of physical activity and knowledge of nutrients with a significance value of 0.000 for each of the two variables. While the intensity of fast food consumption has a significance value of 0.968 (more than 0.05) which concludes that there is no effect of the intensity of fast food consumption on nutritional intake. Nutrient knowledge is the factor that most influences nutrient intake with a t-statistic of 5.941. Conclusions: In this study, it was concluded that there was an effect of physical activity and nutritional knowledge on nutritional intake, while the intensity of fast food consumption did not affect nutritional intake. The dominant factor affecting nutritional intake in this study was nutritional knowledge.
Effectiveness of Acupressure Therapy in Cancer Patients with Constipation
Authors: Zahrawaani Munqiidz , Allenidekania Allenidekania , Aprillia Zesi
Published: April 2024

Background: Constipation in cancer patients on chemotherapy is common (31.7%), worsened by medication side effects. Laxatives worsen symptoms, prompting exploration of alternative therapies like acupressure, particularly in pediatric cases. Indonesian National Hospital research assesses acupressure's effectiveness in managing chemotherapy-induced constipation. This study aims to identifying the effectiveness of acupressure therapy in pediatric cancer patients with constipation. Methods: experimental research methods on cancer children with the health problem of constipation. Results: Before receiving acupressure therapy, the average patient had not defecated for 81 hours. Changes occurred after therapy, namely patients experienced defecation an average of 9.2 hours. Conclusions: The changes show that acupressure therapy is very significant in reducing constipation.
Associations of Serum Mineral levels of Copper, Magnesium and Calcium with Skeletal Muscle mass and Strength in Chinese children, aged 6-11: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tarawally Abubakar , Zhang Zheqing , Japhta-Mlandu Unami
Published: April 2024

Background:Skeletal Muscle Mass (SMM) and strength are crucial for children's health, and low SMM can lead to adverse health outcomes. A deficiency of essential minerals can cause poor growth, fractures or osteoporosis. The study aimed to explore the relationship between serum Calcium (Ca), Copper (Cu), and Magnesium (Mg) levels and SMM in Chinese children.Methods:466 primary school children were recruited for a cross-section study aged 6-11 in Guangzhou City, South of China, from December 2015 to February 2017. The study conducted whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans using the Hologic discovery W to obtain the Total skeletal mass (TSM) and appendicular skeletal mass (ASM) were calculated, which were used as parameters to calculate variables of Skeletal muscle mass (SMM).Results:Of the 466 primary school children, 266 were boys and 200 girls with mean ages of 8.001.00 years for boys and 8.080.97 years for girls. An increase in mean Cu serum concentration between the T1 and T3 in girls resulted in 3.19% (P- trend =0.034, P-diff =0.083), 3.57% (P- trend =0.037, P-diff=0.083), 2.44% (P- trend =0.018, P=diff=0.060) and 2.25% (P- trend =0.024, P-diff= 0.072) for ASM/Height, ASH/ Weight, TSM/ Height and TSM/ Weight respectively, No significant mean difference was observed between serum Cu and ASM, TSM, ASM/ AFM and TSM/TFM (P- trend >0.05). A significant mean difference in serum Mg levels and ASM/ AFM for the total and boys' group was observed, with 6.68% and 9.44% (P- trend =0.042 and 0.041) respectively. No significant mean differences were seen between all the variables of serum Ca levels and all the variables of skeletal muscle mass and strength.Conclusions:Serum copper levels influence the development of SMM in girls, but not in boys. Serum Ca and Mg level in girls and boys do not influence SMM development among children aged 6-11.
Surgical Site Infection Prevention Strategies in Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hadi Sulistyo Angger Anugerah , Ferawati Ferawati , Ardianti Ikha , Kurniati Mei Fitria
Published: April 2024

Background: Cardiac surgery becomes one of surgical procedure that has potential for develop several complications including surgical site infection (SSI). Despite the case is still very common, SSI can be regarded as the most preventable, especially when the treatment approach used, because there are many risk factors associated with the target. This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of interventions strategies used to reduce the incident of SSI in cardiac surgery. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines provide a standardized framework for conducting and reporting systematic reviews. A comprehensive search was conducted across major electronic databases, The following database were PubMed, Scopus and ProQuest. The inclusion criteria were clinical and a randomized control trial published between 2018 to 2023. The primary outcome measure was SSI rates. Results: The studies encompassed diverse perioperative intervention strategies, such as pre operative nasal ointment, pre operative showering and shaving, chlorhexidine mouthwash, and negative pressure therapy. In total, 436.762 articles regarding SSI prevention strategies in cardiac surgery were found in this study. However, around 7 articles that were met with the criteria of this study. Conclusion: Actions to reduce the incidence of SSI are carried out at all perioperative stages. The action taken was modifying the intervention and also using additional therapy carried out by health workers.
Impact, Implications, Challenges of Accelerating Maternal Mortality Rates in Indonesia
Authors: Suparji Suparji , Nugroho Heru Santoso Wahito , Sunarto Sunarto , Latif Abdul , Prayogi Agus Sarwo
Published: April 2024

This article discusses the impacts, implications and challenges of accelerating maternal mortality rates in Indonesia. Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in Indonesia is still a serious public health problem. MMR in Indonesia shows a downward trend throughout the 1991-2015 period. However, in 2012 the infant mortality rate increased again and then fell in 2018. Even though it shows a decline, the MMR in Indonesia is still relatively high and still above the MDGS target of 102 per 100,000 live births. MMR in Indonesia in 2021 compared to 2020. The impact of a high MMR is a decline in the productive and competitive workforce, a decline in social welfare and poverty, a decline in life expectancy and quality of life in society, a decline in fertility rates and population growth, which can affect the demographic structure and demographic bonus. and declining reproductive and nutritional health status of women and children. Meanwhile, the implications arising from a high MMR are implications in terms of health, social, economic and development status. The challenges faced by Indonesia in reducing MMR are the low health budget allocation, the lack of health facilities and personnel, low access to PONED (Basic Emergency Neonatal Obstetric Services) and PONEK (Comprehensive Emergency Neonatal Obstetric Services) facilities, high disparities in socio-economic levels, and low awareness and healthy living behavior in the community. The conclusion of this short article about the maternal mortality rate in Indonesia is that the maternal mortality rate in Indonesia is still high and has not yet reached the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) target set by the UN, namely 70 per 100,000 live births in 2030. This article recommends Reducing MMR requires comprehensive and collaborative efforts from all parties, including central and regional governments, health institutions, civil society organizations, academics, media and society.
Four new species of Cystolepiota (Agaricaceae, Agaricales) from northeastern China
Authors: Zhou Xian-Yan , Bau Tolgor
Published: April 2024

Cystolepiota is a tiny lepiotaceous fungi. During our 3 years fieldwork, we found four new species of Cystolepiota from northeastern China. A phylogenetic study of a combined dataset of ITS+nrLSU+rpb2+tef1-α revealed that Cystolepiota changbaishanensis and Cystolepiota hetieri are sister clades; Cystolepiota hongshiensis belongs to Cystolepiota seminuda complex; Cystolepiota luteosquamulosa formed a clade not closely related with any other; Cystolepiota nivalis and Cystolepiota sp. (HMJAU68235) formed a sister clade. All new species are provided with descriptions, photos of the basidiomata, and colored illustrations of the microstructures. A key for the identification of Cystolepiota species from China is also presented.
Features of ecological tourism development in specially protected areas
Authors:   Patrice Lumumba Russian People’s Friendship University, Moscow, RF, Ivanyushin E. A. , Zeveke O. Yu. ,   Patrice Lumumba Russian People’s Friendship University, Moscow, RF
Published: April 2024

The article considers aspects of the management of conservation area areas on the example of foreign experience. The author’s systematization of the components of the service content of tourism in protected areas is proposed.
Implementation of artificial intelligence in the formation of excursion routes
Authors:   Graduate School of Management, People’s Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, RF, Balev N. N. , Zeveke O. Yu. ,   Graduate School of Management, People’s Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, RF
Published: April 2024

The article considers aspects of the use of neural networks in business processes of formation and promotion of tourist products (excursions and tourist programs). The analysis of neural network software in the Google and Yandex search engines in Russian and English is carried out.
International economic integration in the field of culture and tourism: Russian-Turkish union 500 years
Authors:   People’s Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, RF E-mail:, Zeveke O. Yu.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the prospects for the development of interstate integration of Russia and Turkey in the field of culture and tourism.
Dynamics of the global startup ecosystem
Authors:   Russian Economic University named after. G. V. Plekhanov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lukyanova E. S. , Kuzmina T. I. ,   Russian Economic University named after. G. V. Plekhanov, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes the results of the Global Startup Ecosystem Index 2023 report. the main factors that influenced the development of the global startup industry in 2022–2023 were identified. The positions of the leading and outsider countries in the ranking are assessed. The place of Russia and the EAEU countries in the Global Startup Ecosystem Index 2023 is characterized; the problems and prospects for the development of the domestic startup industry are identified.
Economic and biological value of spring rape varieties for solving the protein problem under the conditions of the Southern Trans-Urals region
Authors:   Kurgan State Agricultural Academy named after T. S. Maltsev – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kurgan State University”, Russia, Kurgan region, Lesnikovo, Kokorina A. K. , Porsev I. N. ,   Kurgan State Agricultural Academy named after T. S. Maltsev – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kurgan State University”, Russia, Kurgan region, Lesnikovo, Pozdnyakova N. A. ,   Kurgan State Agricultural Academy named after T. S. Maltsev – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kurgan State University”, Russia, Kurgan region, Lesnikovo, Kostomakhin N. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russia, Moscow
Published: April 2024

Rapeseed is an excellent representative of forage crops, which has no equal in nutritional value, feeding value or low cost of production. It can be considered an excellent source of edible oil, as well as feed protein, and occupies one of the leading positions in solving problems associated with the availability of protein nutrition in animals. The importance of this crop has increased with the development of various modern erucosinolate-free and low-glucosinolate varieties. The purpose of the research was to study the possibility of obtaining a stable yield of oilseeds and herbage mass of spring rape, identifying the most productive varieties for use in solving the problem of protein in feed under the conditions of the Southern Trans-Urals. Field experiments were carried out at the Kurgan State Agricultural Academy named after T. S. Maltsev – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kurgan State University” in 2021–2023. During the years of research, a negative eff ect of drought on the yield of seeds and green mass of spring rapeseed varieties was noted. The lowest average seed yield was obtained for all tested varieties in 2022 – 1,99 t/ha, in 2023 the yield was 2,23 t/ha and in 2021 – 2,37 t/ha. The strength of influence of the “weather conditions of the year” factor was 24,5 %, and the “variety” factor on the productivity of spring rapeseed was 35,7 %, which was by 1,5 times higher than the “weather conditions of the year” factor. The highest herbage mass yield on average was obtained on the variety Yarilo and amounted to 20,6 t/ha, then followed by the variety Yubileiny (standard). The lowest average over three years of research was shown by the variety Ratnik – 9,6 t/ha.
Effectiveness of use of biological drugs and microelements in the cultivation of chickpeakes in light chestnut soils in the Volgograd region
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Volgograd State Agrarian University”, Russia, Volgograd, Vasina I. A. , Pleskachev Yu. N. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Volgograd State Agrarian University”, Russia, Volgograd
Published: April 2024

Chickpeas are widespread in countries with arid climates, where they are sown annually on an area of 10–11 million hectares. The favorable combination of protein, fat, carbohydrates, macro- and microelements, vitamins, and biological active substances in grain make it a complete feed for farm animals and poultry. The purpose of the research was to study the eff ectiveness of the use of biological products and microelements when cultivating chickpeas under the conditions of light chestnut soils in the Volgograd region. In the process of work, two series of experiments were carried out: the fi rst – “Pre-sowing treatment of chickpea seeds with microfertilizers” and the second – “Combined use of growth stimulants and microfertilizers”. The most important conditions for the realization of chickpea productivity, taking into account the biological characteristics of the variety Privo 1 in the soil and climatic conditions of light chestnut soils of the Volgograd region have been identifi ed. In the second experiment, the average lowest economic yield of chickpea variety Privo 1 was formed in the control variant without seed treatment with microelements and growth stimulants and was equal to 1,92 t/ha. The highest economic yield of chickpeas, on average, according to experience, was established in combinations of the growth stimulator HB-101 with boric acid or ammonium molybdate during pre-sowing seed treatment and was equal to 2,59 t/ha, i.e. was 34,9 % higher than in the control variant. It was recommended that under the conditions of the Volgograd region on light chestnut soils when cultivating chickpea variety Privo 1, before sowing, treat chickpea seeds with growth stimulant HB-101 (50 ml/t) in combination with ammonium molybdate (NH4)2MoO4 – (250 g/t) or boric acid H3BO3, B(OH)3 (500 g/t). Sowing should be carried out as early as possible with a seeding rate of 500 thousand viable seeds on 1 ha.
Influence of probiotic drug Propionovy on productive traits and physiological condition of broiler chickens
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Altai State Agrarian University”, Russia, Barnaul, Orlova T. N.
Published: April 2024

Recently, the use of various biological feed additives and especially probiotic effects in feeding of farm animals has become relevant. The purpose of the work was to study the effect of the probiotic drug Propionovy on the productive traits and physiological state of broiler chickens. Experimental studies were carried out under the conditions of Kuzbass Broiler LLC b the Kemerovo region. The object of the study was broiler chickens of the cross Hubbard ISA F-15. The studies examined the effect of certain doses of the probiotic drug Propionovy on the productive traits, physiological state of broiler chickens and the choice of the optimal dose of the probiotic. In order to conduct a scientifi c and economic experiment, groups of poultry were formed using the method of analogous groups, while day-old chickens were selected, from which four experimental groups were formed (control and three experimental). Thus, the 1st control group received the main diet adopted on the farm, consisting of complete feed, which included a feed antibiotic. In the 2nd, 3rd and 4th experimental groups, from days 1 to 4, chickens received the same basic diet as chickens in the control group. Starting from the 5th day, instead of a feed antibiotic, the probiotic drug Propionovy was added to the diets of chickens of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th experimental groups in doses of: 0,35; 0,50 and 0,65 ml/head, respectively, the doses were then increased according to the research methodology. The results received on base of the experiment the maximum revenue from product sales was 40 562,73 rubles was obtained in the 4th experimental group, which was 4,11 % more than in the 1st control group. The greatest economic effi ciency was also in the 4th experimental group and amounted to 547,26 rubles from experimental livestock or 2,76 rubles in terms of 1 head. Thus, economic calculations carried out based on the results of scientific and economic experiment indicate a positive eff ect of feeding the probiotic drug Propionovy on the prime-cost of production.
Feed additive “Reasil® Humic Vet” and its use in egg poultry farming
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Saratov State Vavilov Agrarian University”, Russia, Saratov, Moskalenko S. P. , Vasilenko I. O. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Saratov State Vavilov Agrarian University”, Russia, Saratov
Published: April 2024

One of the ways to solve the problem of increasing the effi ciency of poultry farming is the use of biologically active additives of natural origin in poultry feeding, determining the optimal doses of their use, as well as their eff ect on the egg production of laying hens, the commercial quality of eggs, the digestibility of nutrients and economic effi ciency. The purpose of the work was to determine the optimal level of introduction of the liquid feed additive Reasil® Humic Vet into drinking water for laying hens. Experimental groups of laying hens were formed taking into account age, live weight and egg production. In total, 7 experimental groups were formed per 21 heads in each, which housed in separate cages of 7 heads. The duration of the experiment was 12 weeks. During the experiment, laying hens of the control group received the main diet. The use of the feed additive Reasil® Humic Vet was carried out in two stages. The liquid feed additive Reasil® Humic Vet was given to laying hens in the experimental groups with drinking water, at the first stage: 1st, 2nd and 3rd in the amount of 0,25 ml, 0,50 and 0,75 ml per 1 liter water according to the group number, and at the second stage: 4th, 5th and 6th in the amount of 3,0 ml, 6,0 and 10,0 ml per 100 kg of live weight. As the period of feeding the additive increased, egg production in laying hens of the experimental groups gradually increased. As a result, the weekly egg production of laying hens in the 1st experimental group was 6,5 pcs. more compared to control group (p < 0,01). A further twofold increase in the amount of additive solution contributed to an even greater increase in egg production by 8,5 pcs. eggs in the 2nd experimental group (p < 0,01). However, increasing the additive to 0,75 ml/l of water increased egg production by 6,3 pieces, which was higher compared to the control group (p < 0,01), but less than in the 1st and 2nd experimental groups. Similar results were obtained at the second stage of the experiment. The laying hens of the 5th experimental group had the best performance. The positive eff ect of the liquid feed additive Reasil® Humic Vet on a number of hematological parameters has been established. The most eff ective dose of the test drug was 0,50 ml/l of water and 6,0 ml per 100 kg of live weight.
Risk prevention and insurance. Reaching or trespassing the insurance boundaries?
Authors: Malinowska Katarzyna
Published: April 2024

Insurance presents a well-recognized preventive value. However, in recent times when it comes to the preventive function of insurance, it is about much more and this can be heard in voices of increasing numbers of experts and insurers. Three fundamental motivators prompted the pursuit of this study: (1) dynamic shifts in the risk landscape, (2) emerging technologies facilitating risk prevention, and (3) a perceived regulatory gap in addressing societal needs and technological potentials. Legal considerations related to the utilization of new technologies in insurance have been extensively discussed, albeit selectively. These discussions have focused on issues such as the policyholder’s risk declaration, the potential use of sensitive data for risk assessment, and the automated distribution process (robo-advice). No comprehensive legal analysis of the preventive function of insurance in this context is available. There is a noticeable research and publication gap that should be filled by holistic considerations on risk prevention in insurance, both on the level of private law (insurance contract, duties of the insurance distributors, as well as public law, concerning the supervision over applying the risk prevention measures by the insurance carriers. Finding a new approach that could address the legal challenges is, according to the author, of great importance for the development of insurance as a protection tool for the most imminent social risks. The objectives included in the paper include showing the impact of new technologies on risk prevention, as well as analysis of what the role of the insurer in risk prevention may and should be from the legal perspective, including the potential change of roles in performing the insurance contract. The objectives of the paper involve several aspects, such as whether prevention has the potential to become a distinguished (re-) insurance service, as well as what the boundaries of the insurance contract and insurance business in terms of its compensatory and preventive function are.
Podstawy prawne odpowiedzialności cywilnej za szkody jądrowe. Nuklearne poole ubezpieczeniowe – charakterystyka
Authors: Sroka Iwona , Wajda Paweł
Published: April 2024

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie, na potrzeby określenia zasad funkcjonowania podobnego mechanizmu w Polsce, specyfiki pooli ubezpieczeniowych tworzonych w krajach Unii Europejskiej z myślą o ubezpieczeniach odpowiedzialności cywilnej za szkodę jądrową. W tekście zarysowano także ramy prawne odnoszące się do odpowiedzialności cywilnej za szkodę jądrową w związku z eksploatacją urządzeń jądrowych oraz przeanalizowano rozbieżności prawne pomiędzy regulacjami międzynarodowymi a polskimi w obszarach, które mogą mieć wpływ na zakres tego ubezpieczenia. Omówiono również przyczyny powstawania pooli ubezpieczeniowych tworzonych na potrzeby ubezpieczeń odpowiedzialności cywilnej za szkodę jądrową (jądrowe poole ubezpieczeniowe) oraz ich rolę i konstrukcje. Artykuł odnosi się wyłącznie do ubezpieczenia odpowiedzialności cywilnej za szkody jądrowe i nie porusza tematu innych ubezpieczeń zawieranych zazwyczaj w przypadku budowy i eksploatacji dużych inwestycji infrastrukturalnych, takich jak elektrownie jądrowe.
O strzyżeniu OWIEC, czyli o agentach, którzy nie są agentami
Authors: Kucharski Bartosz
Published: April 2024

OWCA to używany w praktyce ubezpieczeniowej skrót określenia „osoba wykonująca czynności agencyjne”. Zgodnie z ustawą o dystrybucji ubezpieczeń taka osoba sama nie jest agentem, ale agent może posługiwać się nią przy wykonywaniu czynności agencyjnych. Umowa między OWCĄ a agentem nie jest zgodnie z ustawą uważana za umowę agencyjną. Regulacja ta wykorzystywana jest przez zakłady ubezpieczeń do tworzenia zależnych od nich spółek dystrybucyjnych, które następnie zatrudniają OWCE na podstawie tzw. umów o współpracę, nieprzewidujących albo wyraźnie wykluczających prawa dane agentowi przez przepisy Kodeksu cywilnego o umowie agencyjnej, stanowiące implementację Dyrektywy 86/653/EEC. Autor omawia poglądy polskiej doktryny oraz orzecznictwa zarówno polskiego, jak i europejskiego, i konkluduje, że umowa między OWCĄ a agentem jest umową nienazwaną, do której należy stosować per analogiam przepisy o agencji. Wykluczenie praw zagwarantowanych przez Kodeks agentowi jako słabszej stronie umowy nie jest zatem dopuszczalne.
The impact of the systemic competitiveness of the economies of the Visegrad Group countries on the development of their non-life insurance markets in 2004–2020
Authors: Rojek Konrad
Published: April 2024

The aim of the article is to assess the impact of selected factors of systemic competitiveness of the Visegrad Group economies on the development of their non-life insurance markets in 2004–2020. The study analyzes the literature on the subject, as well as the methods of descriptive statistics and econometric analysis, for the needs of which synthetic indicators of the development of non-life insurance markets of the analyzed countries were constructed. Based on the conducted research, it was found that Poland’s position within the Visegrad Group in terms of the development of the non-life insurance market was leading, despite the fact that the Czech Republic was characterized by the highest level of systemic competitiveness. Moreover, there were similarities between the markets of both countries. They were shaped in a positive, statistically significant way by the same components of systemic competitiveness (property rights and freedom of the labor market). The next places were taken by the Hungarian and Slovak markets. Keywords
Głębokie sieci neuronowe w identyfikacji rozkładów brzegowych i wielowymiarowej kopuli w kontekście agregacji ryzyka w Solvency II
Authors: Szczęsny Krystian
Published: April 2024

Jednym z podstawowych aspektów dyrektywy Solvency II jest ochrona ubezpieczonych przed niewypłacalnością zakładów ubezpieczeń. W tym celu poprzez agregację kapitałowych wymogów wypłacalności dla poszczególnych rodzajów ryzyka wyznaczany jest kapitałowy wymóg wypłacalności (SCR) oraz efekt dywersyfikacji (DE). SCR można wyznaczyć za pomocą formuły standardowej (SF), podanej przez autorów dyrektywy w oparciu o metodę wariancji-kowariancji (V-C), lub za pomocą modeli wewnętrznych, opracowywanych niezależnie (przez zakłady). Wniniejszym artykule przedstawiamy propozycję metody, która może być wykorzystana podczas opracowywania modeli wewnętrznych. Istotnym etapem tego procesu jest ustalanie najprecyzyjniejszej zależności pomiędzy czynnikami ryzyka. Proponujemy wykorzystanie kopuli estymowanych za pomocą sieci neuronowych w modelowaniu zależności w podmodule ryzyka składki i rezerw. Konstruujemy dwie sieci neuronowe: pierwszą do rozkładów brzegowych, a drugą do estymacji kopuli. W badaniu analizujemy wskaźniki dla segmentów ubezpieczycieli majątkowych, wyznaczone na podstawie raportów o wypłacalności i kondycji finansowej polskich zakładów ubezpieczeń. Porównano DE uzyskane metodą V-C, metodą kaskad kopuli i estymacją kopuli przy użyciu sieci neuronowych. Przeprowadzone badania wskazują na znaczne różnice w wartościach DE uzyskanych dla kopuli oszacowanej z wykorzystaniem sieci neuronowych, kopuli parametrycznej oraz podejścia zaproponowanego przez autorów dyrektywy w oparciu o metodę V-C. Uzyskane wyniki mogą być wykorzystane w modelach wewnętrznych.
The Link between Social Anxiety and Peripheral Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Schizophrenia Diagnoses
Authors: Teixeira Amelia Dias , Schaly Cordova Victor Hugo , de-Abreu Paulo Belmonte-
Published: April 2024

Background: It exist increasing studies on the inflammatory process in psychiatric disorders, in which inflammation in schizophrenia (SZ) is questioned.
Objective: assess the association between social anxiety (SA) and inflammation in patients with SZ, measuring primarily the neutrophil-to-lymphocyteratio (NLR) and secondarily the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), monocyte-to-lymphocyteratio (MLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR).
Methods: Across-sectional study.
Results: Of the 82 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 59 patients had SA and observed a significant alteration in inflammation markers in patients with SZ, especially NLR
Damageability of Metals under Impulse Loading
Authors: Buravova S. N.
Published: April 2024

Impulse loading of a sample of limited dimensions (at least two free surfaces) leads to the oscillation of the sample in the standing wave mode as a consequence of wave reflection from the faces and their interaction with each other. Localized strain bands originate and evolve at the standing wave nodes (wave interference zone), where the deformation of the material occurs in the compression-tension mode and the stress in the wave interference zone does not exceed the spall strength of the material. (Excessive stress leads to the formation of spall cracks and sample destruction). As a result of the absence of energy transfer through the nodal points,which is typical of standing waves, the deformation of the sample can last for a long time after passing a shock wave until dissipative processes would bring about oscillatory process damping. Another characteristic feature of standing waves is the formation of new harmonics with their own wavelengths and vibration eigen frequencies with new spall damage occurring at each node.
ZMIANY W DZIAŁALNOŚCI INNOWACYJNEJ POLSKICH PRZEDSIĘBIORSTW W LATACH 2019-2021
Authors: Rak Anna
Published: April 2024

Zasadniczym celem opracowania jest identyfikacja stanu oraz określenie zmian w działalności innowacyjnej polskich przedsiębiorstw w latach 2019–2021. Jego pierwsza część stanowi przegląd prezentowanych w literaturze przedmiotu definicji i rodzajów innowacji. W części empirycznej dokonano analizy wyników badań GUS przeprowadzonych dla trzech okresów działalności innowacyjnej przedsiębiorstw (2017-2019, 2018-2020, 2019-2021). Wyniki przeprowadzonych analiz wskazują na wzrost udziału przedsiębiorstw innowacyjnych w ogólnej liczbie przedsiębiorstw w Polsce. W każdej klasie wielkości przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych i usługowych dominowało wdrażanie innowacji o charakterze procesowym. W analizowanym okresie zaobserwowano rosnące nakłady na działalność innowacyjną, przy czym wskaźniki dynamiki nakładów były znacząco wyższe w podmiotach prowadzących działalność usługową. W strukturze finansowania działalności innowacyjnej, bez względu na wielkość przedsiębiorstwa i rodzaj działalności, najważniejszą rolę odgrywały środki własne.
RESHAPING PROJECT MANAGEMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT – METHODOLOGIES AND STANDARDS
Authors: Szajczyk Marek , Krzepicka Alicja
Published: April 2024

In the contemporary business landscape, sustainability is emerging as a pivotal factor in project delivery, driven by stakeholder demands for ethicality, eco-consciousness, and economic efficiency throughout a project’s lifecycle. This study aims to identify and elucidate the norms and standards governing sustainable project management practices within project organizations. Our findings unveil that sustainable project management transcends mere reliance on indicators, embracing a comprehensive package of activities. This multifaceted approach adapts project management mechanisms to different sustainability dimensions. An important result of the analysis of research materials is also the list of seven identified areas of project management subject to transformation towards sustainability. This study probes the realm of sustainability within project management, unveiling its potential to curtail costs, amplify opportunities, and bolster organizational success. The conclusions of the paper emphasize that SPM (Sustainable Project Management) is not just a trendy word, but a necessity in the face of contemporary global challenges. Organizations must actively adapt to the sustainability paradigm and effective leaders are crucial to the success of sustainable projects.
THE ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE IN THE ORGANIZATION’S ACTIVITIES (THE CASE OF JSC BANK OF GEORGIA)
Authors: Kadagishvili Leila , Shaburishvili Shota , Maisuradze Rusudan
Published: April 2024

The present paper provides a literature review on the concepts of organizational culture and a brief history of its development. Scientific views are analyzed according to the superficial, internal and deep levels of organizational culture. Every organization has a certain structure of its organizational culture, basic values and the values that determine its viability in everyday life. Organizational culture is a complex phenomenon and represents a pressing scientific problem, which at the moment of our research has not been properly studied in Georgia. Considering such limitations, we use the single case study method in our research, which allows us to provide an in-depth analysis of current events in a real context, to identify causal connections in the research phenomenon. This paper presents a case of a successful culture based on the example of the Bank of Georgia. The case examines the values of the organizational culture at different levels, showing how a strong, unified culture is formed in the company and how culture impacts the company’s activities. The study of the documentation depicting the functioning of the Bank of Georgia showed us that the organizational culture determines the image and reputation of the bank, ensures employee and customer satisfaction, and strengthens the reputation of the bank as the best employer.
LITERATURE REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH CONDUCTED IN EUROPE ON HEALTH LITERACY
Authors: Brodowska Szewczuk Jolanta
Published: April 2024

According to World Health Organization, Health Literacy encompasses the cognitive and social skills that determine the motivation and ability of individuals to access, understand and use information in a way that promotes and maintains good health. The aim of this article is to present the concept of “health literacy”, its determinants and consequences, as well as to review research conducted in Europe using the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire – HLS-EU-Q16 indicator. For this purpose, a literature review was conducted, to incorporate analysis and criticism. The article determines the scope of research on health literacy in Europe using the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire – HLS-EU-Q16, based on literature analysis. The greater people’s health literacy, the better their understanding of prevention and treatment. Low health awareness means financial losses, both personal and global. High Health Literacy enables good prevention, which is the best and cheapest method in every health system.
HOW SUPPLY CHAIN DISRUPTIONS AFFECT THE WAY COMPANIES FUNCTION – A CASE STUDY ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE TFL ENTITY GEIS GLOBAL LOGISTICS
Authors: Bukowska-Piesztrzyńska Agnieszka , Golec Paweł , Motowidlak Urszula
Published: April 2024

The aim of the article is to present the essence of disruptions in the supply chain and assess how they are linked with enterprise resilience. Furthermore, it aims to indicate how company’s operations are impacted in the long term. The article has a theoretical and empirical character. It presents the results of empirical research conducted in the third quarter of 2022 at Geis Global Logistics. Here we look to answer three research questions concerning the problems and challenges resulting from the pandemic and geopolitical crisis, their role in creating new development opportunities for the company, and defining key logistics and supply chain strategies to maintain its competitiveness in a turbulent environment. The results show the actions taken by the Transport Forwarding Logistics (TFL) industry entity to survive and be competitive in the market, i.e., building resilience through the ability to absorb, react, and rebuild after disruptions.
BARRIERS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF UNIVERSITY-BASED SPECIAL PURPOSE VEHICLES
Authors: Szarek Malwina
Published: April 2024

The aim of this article is to identify the barriers to the development of university-based special purpose vehicles (SPVs) in Poland and to identify the recommendations to address these barriers. As a consequence of the research objective formulated in this way, it was decided to use a literature review, analysis of secondary documents, and a case study method. As part of the case study, in-depth interviews were conducted with the SPV manager and its stakeholders. The literature review concerned the constrictions in the development of the cooperation between science and business on the part of both entrepreneurs and scientists, which consequently translates into barriers in the development of units created to commercialise the results of scientific research created in universities and research institutes, including SPVs. On the basis of the collected research material, barriers to SPV development were defined and then grouped according to the type of constraints (systemic, economic, competence, awareness-cultural) and according to the environment they directly affect (SPVs, scientists, entrepreneurs). In response to the barriers to SPVs development, actions have been proposed to overcome them. The originality of the article stems from the development of the issue of the functioning of SPVs, whose role and capabilities are little understood in both academic and business circles.
Intervención de enfermería en neonatos con nutrición parenteral en unidades de cuidados intensivos
Authors: Alvear-Espín María Belén , Ortega-Guevara Neris Marina , Viteri-Rodríguez Juan Alberto , Wong-Vasquez Lester
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Determinar las intervenciones de enfermería en neonatos con nutrición parenteral en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos. Método: Descriptiva documental, se desarrolló este trabajo efectuando una revisión con el apoyo de 17 artículos en los idiomas inglés y español. Resultados y Conclusión: Las patologías neonatales que requieren cuidado de enfermería basado en nutrición parental son principalmente: la presencia de intestino corto, rechazo de trasplante de intestino, síndrome de malabsorción, pancreatitis, fístula entérica, peritonitis difusa, contenido intestinal no controlado o fuga linfática, así como obstrucción intestinal.
Conocimientos de la enfermera sobre la técnica de aspiración de secreciones en pacientes traqueostomizados
Authors: Barona-Yanchaliquin Joselyn Lissette , Ortega-Guevara Neris Marina , Vega-Falcón Vladimir , Nuñez-Zuñiga Ana Lorena
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: analizar los conocimientos de la enfermera sobre la técnica de aspiración de secreciones en pacientes traqueostomizados. Método: Descriptiva documental. Resultados y conclusión: En la actualidad existen con mayor frecuencia las complicaciones que se relacionan a la aspiración de las secreciones en los pacientes traqueostomizados causado por el tubo endotraqueal que es el generados de infecciones intrahospitalarias. Teniendo en cuenta que las infecciones intrahospitalarias son una afectación en UCI a escala internacional, porque están ligados a las tasas de mortalidad y morbilidad que causas un aumento en el valor hospitalario para los pacientes. De esta forma, la aspiración endotraqueal constituye un procedimiento encaminado a controlar las vías aéreas y las secreciones pulmonares que se hayan acumulado en los pacientes que han sido traqueostomizados.
Infecciones nosocomiales en pacientes atendidos en la unidad de cuidados intensivos
Authors: Barreto-Gordon Alba Angelica , Rodríguez-Plasencia Adisnay , Vega-Falcón Vladimir , Albornoz-Zamora Elsa Josefina
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: analizar la prevalencia de las infecciones nosocomiales que se presentan en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos de los hospitales. Método: Descriptiva documental. Resultados y Conclusión: Se concluye que 10 de cada 100 pacientes que ingresan a las unidades de cuidados intensivos adquieren algún tipo de infección nosocomial. Las infecciones que se dan con mayor prevalencia son las infecciones respiratorias, urinarias la bacteriemia y las infecciones asociadas a catéteres y los microorganismos con mayor prevalencia se encuentra la Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus y Klebsiella pneumoniae. Todos estos resultados pueden varias de acuerdo con la institución sanitaria.
Estrés térmico laboral y sus efectos en la salud de los trabajadores
Authors: Ruiz-Chávez Paul Josué , Molina-Delgado José Renán , Comas-Rodríguez Raúl , Noroña-Salcedo Darwin Raúl
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: describir la relación del ambiente térmico laboral con las afecciones de salud presentadas en los trabajadores por la exposición al calor y frío en la empresa Prodegel S.A. Método: Descriptiva observacional. Resultados: se aplicó la prueba estadística de Chi-cuadrado de Pearson calculado con un resultado de Chi-cuadrado de Pearson 51,416a; con gl 7; (p<0.01); obteniéndose un valor mayor al chi cuadrado crítico, que refleja una adecuada validez entre la relación de las áreas de la empresa y presencia de dermatitis, destacan áreas como Húmedo/Seco. Conclusión: Se logró identificar los principales aspectos en el disconfort del ambiente térmico y su relación con los efectos en la salud de los trabajadores, estableciendo los principales efectos indeseables en la salud de los empleados, como lo son la deshidratación, dolores musculares, rinitis y dermatitis, presentes en las distintas áreas de trabajo.
Atenuación ergonómica en el trabajo de corte de forraje con el uso de motoguadaña ligera
Authors: Salinas-Villacís Juan Gonzalo , Córdova-Suárez Manolo Alexander , González-Salas Raúl , Flores-Pilco Diego Armando
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: determinar la influencia de la motoguadaña ligera en el nivel de riesgo ergonómico generado al cortar forraje en los agroganaderos familiares. Método: Descriptivo observacional. Después de la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se trabajó con una población de estudio de 74 agroganaderos. Resultados: El nivel de riesgo ergonómico se evaluó con el cuestionario REBA, obteniéndose un puntaje REBA: 9-13 que corresponde a riesgo ergonómico alto y muy alto, en quienes utilizan la Hoz para el corte de forraje, a diferencia de un puntaje REBA: 5-7 correspondiente a riesgo ergonómico Medio con el uso de la motoguadaña para esta actividad. Conclusión: La zona del cuerpo que genera con frecuencia molestias en los agroganaderos, que cortan el forraje con la hoz.