bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A 5-Year Audit of the Use of Sub-dermal Implants Contraceptives in a Teaching Hospital in Ekiti State, Nigeria
Authors: Adeyanju Benedict T. , Olofinbiyi Babatunde A. , Ade-Ojo Idowu P. , Akpor Oluwaseyi A.
Published: May 2024

Background:

The scientific community has developed non-biodegradable progestational
sub-dermal implants as a response to the need of some women for long-acting contraceptives
that are effective and safe.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to describe the socio-demographic characteristics of women who
received the implant and explore the side effects and reason for discontinuation of subdermal implant.

Method:

A retrospective audit of all the clients who opted for contraceptive implants between January
1st, 2011, to December 31st, 2015, was carried out. This was done by a senior registrar in the
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology from the clinic register. The card numbers of all the
clients who agreed to use contraceptive implants were identified (589), and their case records
were retrieved from the records unit and family planning clinics. Only JadelleR and Implanon were
available in the clinic during the period of study. Using a proforma, information regarding the
clients’ age, religion, place of residence, level of education, observed side effects, and reason for
discontinuation was obtained.

Results:

The socio-demographic characteristics of the sub-dermal contraceptive implant acceptors
revealed that the age range of clients was between 16 to 49 years. Acceptance was highest among
the age group of 31-40 years (343; 58.2%). The various complications recorded revealed that most
(527; 89.5%) of the clients reported no complication, while 3.4% (20) had increased menstrual
flow and 2.7% (16) had menorrhagia. There was a significant association between educational
qualification (X2=25.733, p=0.041), age (X2= 23.657, p= 0.001), parity (X2=81.264, p=0.001), and
discontinuation of the implant.

Conclusion:

The study findings revealed an increase in the sub-dermal contraceptive implant uptake.
This may be due to its longevity. With adequate pre- and post-insertion counselling, the continuation
rate could be increased.
Evaluation of Novel Benzo-annelated 1,4-dihydropyridines as MDR Modulators in
Cancer Cells
Authors: Werner Peter , Szemerédi Nikolétta , Spengler Gabriella , Hilgeroth Andreas
Published: May 2024

Background:

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the main problem in anticancer therapy today. Causative
transmembrane efflux pumps in cancer cells have been reconsidered as promising anticancer target structures to
restore anticancer drug sensitivity by various strategies, including MDR modulators. MDR modulators interfere
with the efflux pumps and improve the cellular efficiency of chemotherapeutics. So far, only a few candidates
have gone through clinical trials with disappointing results because of low specificity and toxic properties.

Aim:

This study aimed to find Novel MDR modulators to effectively combat multidrug resistance in cancer cells.

Objective:

We synthesized various novel benzo-annelated 1,4-dihydropyridines to evaluate them as MDR modulators
towards ABCB1 in cancer cells.

Methods:

Synthesized compounds were purified by column chromatography. The MDR modulation of ABCB1
was determined in cellular efflux assays using the flow cytometry technique and cellular fluorescent measurements
by the use of each fluorescent substrate.

Results:

Compounds were yielded in a two-step reaction with structurally varied components. Further, substituent-
dependent effects on the determined MDR inhibiting properties towards ABCB1 were discussed. Cellular
studies prove that there is no toxicity and restoration of cancer cell sensitivity towards the used anticancer drug.

Conclusion:

Novel MDR modulators could be identified with favorable methoxy and ester group functions. Their
use in both ABCB1 non-expressing and overexpressing cells proves a selective toxicity-increasing effect of the
applied anticancer agent in the ABCB1 overexpressing cells, whereas the toxicity effect of the anticancer drug
was almost unchanged in the non-expressing cells. These results qualify our novel compounds as perspective
anticancer drugs compared to MDR modulators with nonselective toxicity properties.
Inhibitory Role of L-theanine, a Structural Analogue of Glutamate, against
GluR5 Kainate Receptor and its Prospective Utility against
Excitotoxicity
Authors: Deb Satarupa , Borah Anupom
Published: May 2024

Background:

Overactivation of receptors that respond to excitatory neurotransmitters
can result in various harmful outcomes, such as the inability to properly modulate calcium levels,
generation of free radicals, initiation of the mitochondrial permeability transition, and subsequent
secondary damage caused by excitotoxicity. A non-proteinogenic amino acid of tea, L-theanine, is
structurally related to glutamate, the major stimulatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Previous reports
have emphasised its ability to bind with glutamate receptors.

Objective:

An in-depth understanding of the binding compatibility between ionotropic glutamate
receptors and L-theanine is a compelling necessity.

Methods:

In this molecular docking study, the antagonistic effect of L-theanine and its possible
therapeutic benefit in GluR5 kainate receptor inhibition has been evaluated and compared to the
familiar AMPA and kainite receptor antagonists, cyanoquinoxaline (CNQX) and dinitroquinoxaline
(DNQX), using Molegro Virtual Docker 7.0.0.

Results:

The capacity of L-theanine to cohere with the GluR5 receptor was revealed to be higher
than that of glutamate, although it could not surpass the high binding tendency of competitive antagonists
CNQX and DNQX. Nonetheless, the drug-likeness score and the blood-brain barrier traversing
potential of L-theanine were higher than CNQX and DNQX.

Conclusion:

The study provides an inference to the advantage of L-theanine, which can be a safe
and effective alternative natural therapy for rescuing neuronal death due to excitotoxicity.
Automatic COVID-19 Prediction with Comprehensible Machine Learning Models
Authors: Puttegowda Kiran , DS Sunil Kumar , Mallu Sahana , CP Vijay , Ravi Vinayakumar , BC Sushmitha
Published: May 2024

Background

The development of technology has a significant impact on every aspect of life, whether it is the medical industry or any other profession. The potential of artificial intelligence has been demonstrated in data processing and analysis is used to inform decisions in the field of health care. The most crucial action is the early detection of a life-threatening illness to stop its development and spread. Highly contagious COVID-19 is a disease that requires immediate attention as it has spread globally. There is a need for a technology that can be utilised to detect the virus because of how quickly it spreads. With the increased use of technology, we now have access to a wealth of COVID-19-related information that may be used to learn crucial details about the virus.

Objective

The objective of the work is to develop comprehensible machine learning models for the automatic prediction of COVID-19. These models aim to accurately predict the likelihood of COVID-19 infection based on relevant input features, such as symptoms, demographics, and potential diagnostic tests or imaging results.

Methods

In this work, we mainly aimed to assess how well different machine learning methods might predict COVID-19 situations. In order to do this, we thoroughly evaluated a variety of widely used classifiers in machine learning. Popular algorithms like the random forest, k-nearest neighbour, and logistic regression were all included in our analysis.

Results

To assess the performance of our suggested algorithms using different machine learning techniques, we used an open-source dataset in the study. Our algorithms performed better than other models that are currently in use, which is noteworthy. The high degree of precision in predicting COVID-19 instances is demonstrated by our remarkable accuracy of 96.34%. We also obtained a good F1 score of 0.98 for our models, indicating the strength and efficiency of our method in obtaining metrics for both recall and precision.

Conclusion

This work highlights the possibility of understanding machine learning algorithms for COVID-19 prediction automatically. We have shown that techniques such as logistic regression, random forest, and k-nearest neighbor methods may reliably predict COVID-19 situations while preserving interpretability. In order to promote acceptance and confidence among healthcare professionals and enable well-informed decision-making in clinical settings, these models' transparency is essential. To improve these models' efficacy and scalability in the future, more research will be needed to enhance and validate them on a variety of datasets. In the end, utilizing understandable machine learning algorithms presents encouraging opportunities for COVID-19 early diagnosis and control, supporting international public health campaigns.
Assessment of University Students’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Breast Self-Examination in Bahrain: A Call for Action
Authors: Khonji Leena Mohammad , Rashwan Zohour Ibrahim , Eweida Rasha Salah , Narayanan Gayathripriya , Darwish Enas M , Bayoumi Magda Mohamed
Published: May 2024

Background

Breast cancer has become a significant global health concern in recent years, calling for action and intense methods of prevention and early identification.

Aim

To assess the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) regarding Breast Self-Examination (BSE) among university female students.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the University of Bahrain (UoB). A convenience sampling of 375 female students voluntarily completed the questionnaires.

Results

The students’ total percent scores in the three domains were less than 70% (63.25±10.60 for knowledge, 64.47±12.55 for Attitude, 56.03±18.27 for practices). The majority of students had unsatisfactory BSE practices (82.9%), and poor knowledge about BSE (69.6%). However, 28.5% of students had positive attitudes toward BSE.

Conclusion

The results indicate a significant gap in KAP related to BSE among university female students. The knowledge deficiency reflects finite awareness and understanding of the importance of BSE and using proper techniques. At the same time, the limited attitude might hinder students’ engagement and motivation in practicing BSE. Therefore, targeted educational initiatives and community engagement campaigns are essential to improve women’s awareness regarding BSE and enhance personal motivation toward the proper practice of BSE. Disseminating the appropriate practice of BSE in the community is also recommended.
Synergistic Outcomes in Drug Delivery: Exploring Harmonious Architectures
of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks
Authors: Samriddhi Bali , Shubhdeep Singh Bandral , Mohit Kumar , Ankush Saini , Rajan Swami
Published: May 2024

Pharmaceutical excipients play a crucial role in determining the outcome of delivered
therapeutic cargo density. By far, polymers have captured the biggest share in the excipients market.
This surge in demand motivated researchers to look for newer and novel polymeric platforms.
Interpenetrating polymeric networks (IPN) are a class of polymer in the same polymer blend
league, where two different polymer chains penetrate; and align with each other without any sustainable
covalent bond. The novel agreement between the polymer chains equips the IPN with the
characteristic features of each participating polymer unit, thus making IPN superior to its predecessors.
IPN has crossed a long path, especially in the pharmaceutical medicine field, from the mere
coinage of the term to widespread usage, especially in drug delivery, where they increased the
bioavailability and efficacy of the co-delivered drugs. The current review will highlight the major
studies that have led to the current face of the IPN in various pharmaceutical domains. The present
review was conducted by comprehensively reviewing published reports within the recent period
using multiple keywords related to IPN and its role in drug delivery. Moving forward, continued
exploration and innovation in IPN technologies promise to further enhance their applications, offering
novel solutions for the challenges in drug delivery and therapeutic cargo density.
Appraisal of the Neuroprotective Potentials of Isoeugenol Using In-vitro, In-vivo and In-silico Approaches
Authors: Alyami Bandar A. , Ahmad Zeeshan , Ghufran Mehreen , Mahnashi Mater H. , Sadiq Abdul , Ayaz Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Background:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition that affects the elder
population and is linked to behavioral instability and cognitive decline. Only a few drugs are approved
for clinical management of AD. Volatile oils and their components exhibit diverse pharmacological
potentials, including neuroprotective properties. The current study aimed to evaluate isoeugenol's
neuroprotective potentials against cognitive impairments caused by scopolamine.

Methods:

Standard protocols were followed in the in-vitro antioxidant, cholinesterase inhibitory and
molecular docking assays. Isoeugenol was initially evaluated for antioxidant potential using DPPH
and ABTS free radicals scavenging assays. Subsequently, AChE/BChE inhibition studies were performed
following Ellman’s assay. To assess the compound's binding effectiveness at the enzymes' target
site, it was docked against the binding sites of cholinesterase. The effect of isoeugenol supplementation
on scopolamine-induced amnesia was assessed using Shallow Water Maze (SWM), Y-Maze and
Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) tests.

Results:

In DPPH and ABTS assays, isoeugenol exhibited considerable efficacy against free radicals
with IC50 of 38.97 and 43.76 μg/mL, respectively. Isoeugenol revealed 78.39 ± 0.40% and 67.73 ±
0.03% inhibitions against AChE and BChE, respectively, at 1 mg/ml concentration. In docking studies,
isoeugenol exhibited a docking score of -12.2390, forming two hydrogen bonds at the active site
residues of AChE. Further, with a docking score of -10.1632, isoeugenol binds adequately to the
BChE enzyme via two arene-hydrogen interactions and one hydrogen bond.

Conclusion:

Isoeugenol offered considerable protection against scopolamine-induced memory deficits
and improved the special memory of the rodents.
Natural Anti-cariogenic Agents
Authors: Hussein Fatma
Published: May 2024

Tooth decay is primarily caused by demineralization resulting from acids
secreted by bacteria, especially Streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus, which ferment
dietary carbohydrates. This occurs in plaque biofilms, which attach to the surfaces of
the tooth and become laden with bacteria. Thus, over time, dental caries result from the
interaction of three main contributing factors: a diet containing carbohydrates, cariesproducing bacteria, as well as sensitive tooth structure. The use of an antibacterial
strategy for treating caries has evolved as a result of (1) identifying certain types of the
oral microbiome as the main cariogenic flora and (2) increasing the knowledge of the
specific ecology of these cariogenic florae. Combined with this concept, control, and
prevention of caries have been sought by reducing the number of bacteria colonizing.
Reducing bacterial populations or completely eradicating them from the oral flora
would provide an additional reason to prevent dental caries. Several undesirable sideeffects of conventional antimicrobial agents include tooth discoloration and the
emergence of bacterial resistance. These side effects stimulate the search for alternative
natural anti-microbial agents.
Natural Dentin Desensitizing Agents
Authors: Mosleh Asmaa A. , Niazy Maha Ahmed
Published: May 2024

Dentin Hypersensitivity (DH) is a common dental problem occurring worldwide affecting almost whole age ranges in the population. It is felt as a short transient pain to cold, hot, and touch stimuli and has different etiological factors. Several treatment strategies, those based on the desensitization of terminal nerve endings or occlusion of widely opened dentinal tubules, were previously proposed as effective agents in the management of DH. However, these agents contained some synthetic components that may have side effects and take longer to treat the condition. Recently, there has been a tremendous shift toward the usage of natural products in the dental field. Naturally occurring desensitizing biomaterials have shown high efficiency in treating dentin hypersensitivity. Little or no side effects, easily available, lower cost, and no need for much special equipment for production or application and preservation are some of the advantages of natural products in comparison to synthetic counterparts.
Natural Vital Dental Pulp Therapy
Authors: Alrafee Shaimaa A.
Published: May 2024

Curiosity in pharmaceutical greenery has blossomed due to the expanded
productiveness of incoming herbal extract medicine and the rising concern in natural
materials to avoid the undesirable effects of traditional drugs. This comes in the same
line with the need to keep up pulp liveliness and function of the normal pulp tissue,
which is essential for reparative dentin formation. In the previous decade, fully grown
adult teeth with pulp exposure had fewer favorable results, and endodontic treatment
choice has succeeded over other therapies. Now, eradicating microorganisms from
dentin pulp complex and promoting renewal has become the focus of attention.
Different materials used in vital pulp therapy procedures help dentin-pulp complex
protection; nevertheless, these materials have different side effects, leading to failure of
the procedure after a period of time. This article throws light on natural products used
in vital pulp therapy procedures that assist in achieving security across pulp-dentin
organs with fewer side effects on pulp health over a period of time.
Cortex and White Matter of the Cerebral Hemispheres: Anatomical Correlations and Age-Related Changes Measured with Fractal Analysis
Authors: Maryenko Nataliia , Stepanenko Oleksandr
Published: May 2024

Aim. The aim of the present study was to determine the fractal dimension (FD) values of the cortex and white matter of the cerebral hemispheres using fractal analysis of two-dimensional magnetic resonance images, explore the anatomical correlations of the cortex and white matter FD, and study age-associated changes in the cortex and white matter.
Methods. Two-dimensional brain magnetic resonance images of 100 apparently healthy individuals of both genders (44 males and 56 females) aged 18-86 years were studied. Five sections of each participant’s brain were selected (4 coronal and 1 axial). After image segmentation, the FD values and sectional areas of the cortex and white matter were determined. Fractal analysis was conducted using a two-dimensional variant of the box-counting method.
Results. The FD values of the cortex and white matter varied across the five brain sections analyzed. Specifically, the cortex exhibited a decrease in the FD, whereas the white matter showed an increase in the FD in the coronal sections along the rostro-caudal direction. The FD values obtained from different sections displayed weak to moderate correlations. Additionally, no significant differences were observed in the FD values of the cortex and white matter between males and females. However, the sectional area values of the cortex and white matter were slightly higher in males as compared to females. Furthermore, a negative correlation was identified between the FD values of the cortex and white matter of the cerebral hemispheres, while sectional areas did not exhibit significant correlations. The cortex FD positively correlated with the gyrification index, whereas the white matter FD showed a negative correlation with this parameter. Additionally, both the FD and sectional area values of the cortex displayed strong and moderate negative correlations with age, respectively. In contrast, the FD and sectional area values of the white matter demonstrated weak negative correlations with age. Males showed stronger correlations of the studied parameters with age across the majority of the analyzed sections compared to females, although these differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusions. In this study, a negative correlation was found between the cortex and white matter FD values, influenced by anatomical factors such as the degree of gyrification. While the cortex FD values significantly decreased with age, age-related changes in the white matter FD values were relatively weak.
Using a Human-Centered Design Process to Evaluate and Optimize User Experience of a Website (InPACT at Home) to Promote Youth Physical Activity: Case Study
Authors: Hasson Rebecca E , Xie Michelle , Tadikamalla Dhiraj , Beemer Lexie R
Published: May 2024

Background

Web-based physical activity interventions often fail to reach the anticipated public health impact due to insufficient use by the intended audiences.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to use a human-centered design process to optimize the user experience of the Interrupting Prolonged sitting with ACTivity (InPACT) at Home website to promote youth physical activity participation.

Methods

Qualitative interviews were conducted to assess engagement and pain points with the InPACT at Home website. Interview data were used to create affinity maps to identify themes of user responses, conduct a heuristic evaluation according to Nielsen’s usability heuristics framework, and complete a competitive analysis to identify the strengths and weaknesses of competitors who offered similar products.

Results

Key themes from end user interviews included liking the website design, finding the website difficult to navigate, and wanting additional features (eg, library of watched videos). The website usability issues identified were lack of labeling and categorization of exercise videos, hidden necessary actions and options hindering users from decision-making, error-prone conditions, and high cognitive load of the website. Competitive analysis results revealed that YouTube received the highest usability ratings followed by the Just Dance and Presidential Youth Fitness Program websites.

Conclusions

Human-centered design approaches are useful for bringing end users and developers together to optimize user experience and impact public health. Future research is needed to examine the effectiveness of the InPACT at Home website redesign to attract new users and retain current users, with the end goal of increasing youth physical activity engagement.
Implementation of Anxiety UK’s Ask Anxia Chatbot Service: Lessons Learned
Authors: Collins Luke , Nicholson Niamh , Lidbetter Nicky , Smithson Dave , Baker Paul
Published: May 2024

Chatbots are increasingly being applied in the context of health care, providing access to services when there are constraints on human resources. Simple, rule-based chatbots are suited to high-volume, repetitive tasks and can therefore be used effectively in providing users with important health information. In this Viewpoint paper, we report on the implementation of a chatbot service called Ask Anxia as part of a wider provision of information and support services offered by the UK national charity, Anxiety UK. We reflect on the changes made to the chatbot over the course of approximately 18 months as the Anxiety UK team monitored its performance and responded to recurrent themes in user queries by developing further information and services. We demonstrate how corpus linguistics can contribute to the evaluation of user queries and the optimization of responses. On the basis of these observations of how Anxiety UK has developed its own chatbot service, we offer recommendations for organizations looking to add automated conversational interfaces to their services.
Exploring the use of activity trackers to support physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes: A qualitative interview study using the RE-AIM Framework (Preprint)
Authors: Hodgson William , Kirk Alison , Lennon Marilyn , Janssen Xanne
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults worldwide is increasing. Low levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour are major risk factors of developing the disease. Physical activity interventions incorporating activity trackers can reduce blood glucose levels in adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The My Diabetes My Way website is a support and educational platform for people diagnosed with diabetes and health care professionals. Users of the My Diabetes My Way website can upload their Fitbit activity data onto the system but this is not presently being analysed and used routinely within clinical care. Developers of the My Diabetes My Way system are planning to allow different makes of activity trackers to be integrated with the platform.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this qualitative study was to explore (through the RE-AIM framework) views from adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and health care professionals on the integration of activity trackers into type 2 diabetes care.

METHODS

Adults (n=12) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and health care professionals (GP n=4, Consultant n=1, Diabetes Nurse n=2, Practice Nurse n=1, Physical Activity Advisor n=1) were recruited through social media and professional contacts. Semi-structured one to one interviews were conducted. Abductive thematic analysis was undertaken and main themes and sub-themes identified. The RE-AIM framework was used to evaluate the themes in respect of the wider use of activity trackers and the My Diabetes My Way platform within type 2 diabetes clinical care.

RESULTS

Six main themes (awareness, access, cost, promotion, support, technology and data) and 20 sub-themes were identified. Evaluation using the 5 RE-AIM dimensions found that reach could be improved by raising awareness of the My Diabetes My Way platform and the ability to upload activity tracker data onto the system. Effectiveness could be improved by implementing appropriate personalised measures of health benefits and providing appropriate support for patients and health care staff. Adoption could be improved by better promotion of the intervention among stakeholders and development of joint procedures. Implementation could be improved through the development of an agreed protocol, staff training and introducing measurements of costs. Maintenance could be improved by supporting all patients for long term engagement and measuring improvements to patients health.

CONCLUSIONS

Using the RE-AIM framework allowed for the examine of improving the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance of using activity trackers to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
Seismic Domain Identification Algorithm Using Fuzzy Logic Methods With Combined Geological and Geomorphological Data for the Case of Sakhalin Island
Authors: Sobisevich Aleksey , Steblov G. , Agibalov A. , Aleshin Igor , Balashov G. , Kondratov A. , Makeev V. , Perederin V. , Perederin F. , Sencov A. , Kholodkov Kirill
Published: May 2024

An algorithm for identifying seismic generation zones or “seismic domains” using fuzzy logic has been developed and tested on the island of Sakhalin. Initial data were obtained from diagrams of the distribution of “weak” zones, relief elevation distribution skewness, and magnitude of recent area deformation for one year. These data were processed using a γ-operator in fuzzy logic with γ = 0.9, which allowed us to identify areas with high seismic activity. The areas where these active areas intersect with zones with increased compressive stress values, as determined by computer modeling, were considered to be seismic zones. It was shown that, if there are not enough source materials available, it is possible to exclude information about the recent deformation field from consideration and use an assumed grid of active faults for computer modeling. This approach may be useful when analyzing areas that have not been studied well.
Sebaran ostracoda sebagai bioindikator kondisi perairan lepas pantai Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Wibowo Ponco Agung , Kurniasih Anis , Suprapto Tjoek Aziz , Dewi Kresna Tri
Published: May 2024

Abstrak Perairan lepas pantai Balikpapan memiliki kerentanan tinggi terhadap perubahan kualitas air yang diakibatkan sedimentasi di sekitar kawasan tersebut. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian mengenai kondisi lingkungan perairan di daerah ini penting dilakukan.  Salah satu bioindikator yang dapat digunakan untuk menentukan kualitas perairan adalah ostracoda, yang merupakan mikroorganisme dari jenis Crustacea. Penelitian ini dilakukan di selatan Teluk Balikpapan menggunakan data kemelimpahan ostracoda dalam sedimen Resen pada 25 sampel permukaan dasar laut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi lingkungan perairan di area penelitian berdasarkan distribusi ostracoda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemelimpahan ostracoda semakin rendah ke arah perairan laut terbuka, dan dari tingkat keanekaragamannya diketahui kondisi perairan tergolong stabil. Hasil analisis cluster membagi area penelitian menjadi dua biotop yakni Biotop1, merupakan lingkungan laut dangkal dengan spesies penciri Cytherella semitalis, Cytherelloidea sp., Phlyctenophora orientalis dan Neomonoceratina indonesiana; Biotop2, berasosiasi dengan lingkungan terumbu karang ditandai dari kehadiran spesies Bairdopillata paraalcyonicola, Paranesidea sp., dan Loxoconcha sp.  Abstract The offshore waters of Balikpapan considered as vulnerable in term of changes in water quality due to high sedimentation. Therefore, research on the condition of the aquatic environment in this area is necessary. One bioindicator that can be used to determine water quality is ostracods, the Crustacean microorganisms that commonly found in the seabed sediments. This research was conducted in southern Balikpapan Bay using ostracod abundance in Recent sediments on 25 seabed surface samples. The aim of this research is to determine the condition of the aquatic environment based on the distribution of ostracods. The results show that the abundance of ostracods is lower towards open sea waters, and from the level of diversity it is known that water conditions are relatively stable. The results of the cluster analysis divided the research area into two biotopes, Biotope1, a shallow marine environment with the diagnostic species Cytherella semitalis, Cytherelloidea sp., Phlyctenophora orientalis and Neomonoceratina indonesiana; Biotope2, associated with coral reef environments, is characterized by the presence of Bairdopillata paraalcyonicola, Paranesidea sp., and Loxoconcha sp.
The Foundation of Chinese Systems Thinking
Authors: Kuijper Hans
Published: May 2024

None
A Reality Check on the American Dream in The Great Gatsby: A Textual Analysis through Strain Theories
Authors: Borah Rahul
Published: May 2024

This article uses Robert Merton's ‘Strain Theory’ and Agnew's ‘General Strain Theory’ to investigate the manifestations of deviant behavior in F. Scott Fitzgerald's seminal novel The Great Gatsby. This study delves into the socioeconomic and psychological strains experienced by the novel's characters using meticulous textual analysis as its methodology, shedding light on the intricate dynamics between societal expectations, individual aspirations, and the pursuit of the elusive American Dream. By combining the tenets of Strain Theory with the narrative landscape of the novel, this research elucidates how economic disenfranchisement, materialistic obsessions, and psychological pressures contribute to the portrayal of deviance and disillusionment among the characters. Furthermore, this analysis sheds light on the underlying sociological realities of the Roaring Twenties era, providing a nuanced understanding of the complexities involved in pursuing the American Dream, as well as the implications for societal norms and individual behavior. Finally, this article contributes to the discourse on American literature and sociological theory by elucidating the enduring relevance of Strain Theories in understanding the complexities of human behavior and social dynamics in the context of Fitzgerald's masterwork.
An optimization model for fuzzy nonlinear programming with Beale's conditions using trapezoidal membership functions
Authors: Kaliyaperumal Palanivel , P. Muralikrishna
Published: May 2024

Non-linear Programming (NLP) is an optimization technique for determining the optimum solution to a broad range of research issues. Many times, the objective function is non-linear, owing to various economic behaviors such as demand, cost, and many others. Since the appearance of Kuhn and Tucker's fundamental theoretical work, a general NLP problem can be resolved using many methods to find the optimum solution. In this chapter, a fuzzy mathematical model based on Beale's condition is proposed to address NLP with inequality constraints in terms of fuzziness. Furthermore, the model demonstrates how quadratic programming problems can be solved using membership functions. The model also describes three stages: that is, mathematical formulation, computational procedures, and numerical illustration with comparative analysis. Likewise, the model illustrates the considered problem using two distinct approaches, namely membership functions (MF) and robust ranking index. Finally, the comparison analysis provides detailed results and discussion that justify the optimal outcome in order to address the vagueness of certain NLPPs.
A study on derivations of inverse semirings with involution
Authors: Dadhwal Madhu , Devi Geeta
Published: May 2024

In this research article, we study the influence of derivations on semirings with involution which resembles with commutativity preserving mappings. The action of derivations on Lie ideals and some differential identities regarding Lie ideals are also investigated. It is proved that for any two derivations d1, d2 of a prime semiring S with involution ⋆ such that atleast one of d1, d2 is nonzero and char(S) 2, then the identity [d1(a), d2(a ⋆ )] + d2(a ◦ a ⋆ ) = 0, for all a ∈ L implies [L , S] = (0), where L is a Lie ideal of S.
Reelección presidencial y retroceso democrático en América Latina
Authors: Torrico Terán Mario Alejandro
Published: May 2024

La reelección presidencial ha sido históricamente polémica en América Latina. En la década de 1980 y a inicios de la de 1990 la regla predominante era que los presidentes solo podían optar por la reelección alterna. Sin embargo, desde mediados de los años noventa se sucedieron cambios constitucionales en algunos países para posibilitar la reelección inmediata e, incluso, una indefinida. Por otro lado, en los últimos quince años se observa un retroceso democrático en la región. ¿Hay relación entre ambos fenómenos? Analizando el periodo 1989-2020, este trabajo encuentra que la reelección inmediata y la indefinida siempre favorecen el retroceso democrático. En cambio, la reelección alterna es favorable al avance de la democracia y la prohibición de esta no muestra relación significativa. Esto da evidencia a favor de quienes advierten los riesgos de la perpetuación en el poder. También se encuentra que la calidad de las instituciones previene los retrocesos democráticos, pero tener ese tipo de instituciones toma tiempo. Estos hallazgos muestran que las constituciones políticas de los países deberían contemplar únicamente la reelección alterna y la no reelección. El cambio podría hacerse en corto plazo.
¿Cómo se forman los politólogos? La ciencia política en Colombia a través de los mapas curriculares
Authors: Duque Daza Javier
Published: May 2024

El objetivo del artículo es analizar la formación de politólogos en Colombia, sus fundamentos académicos y metodológicos respecto al desarrollo internacional de la ciencia política. En la metodología, el análisis parte de cuatro preguntas: ¿los politólogos se forman en ciencia política o en estudios políticos interdisciplinares? ¿Existe dispersión y heterogeneidad en la formación o hay convergencias en torno a un núcleo común de la disciplina acorde con sus desarrollos internacionales? ¿En qué y cómo se forman los politólogos en investigación? ¿La formación se asume como un ciclo desde el pregrado hasta el doctorado o hay limitación al respecto? El análisis se apoya en documentos institucionales, estadísticas e investigaciones previas. Los resultados indican que: a) se ha transitado de los estudios políticos a la ciencia política; b) hay diferencias, pero se puede identificar un núcleo común formativo en concordancia con algunas tendencias internacionales de la disciplina; c) en investigación hay también convergencias y avances; d) los estudios de posgrado tienen limitaciones. El artículo no desciende hasta el análisis de los microcurrículos de forma sistemática, lo que constituye una labor pendiente complementaria.
Unlocking the Future: Privacy-Preserving ML Experimentation
Authors: Peringanji Deepika
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Experiments with machine learning (ML) have become a key source of new ideas in many fields. However, growing worries about data privacy have made it clear that we need ML testing methods that protect privacy. There are new technologies in this piece that let you play around with machine learning without putting your data at risk. Differential privacy, secure multiparty computation (SMPC), homomorphic encryption, federated learning, trusted execution environments (TEEs), making fake data, and using temporary and nameless IDs are some of these technologies. By using these privacy-protecting solutions, businesses can utilize the full potential of machine learning experiments while protecting individuals' privacy rights and staying in line with strict rules.
To Explore the Relationship Between Childhood Trauma and Body Dysmorphic Symptoms in Young Adulthood
Authors: Ahmed Syed Hasan
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This study is intended to investigate the connection between the child trauma and body dysmorphic disorders as experienced by the youth in 18-25-year-old age-group. Although the research yielded r=0.271 pval < 0.001 for the relationship between childhood trauma and body distortion symptoms, the findings also indicate a non-significant p value of 0.551 which shows the two variables do not have a causal link among this sample. It appears that the cildhood trauma does not have a direct effect on the geness of body dysmorphic symptoms among teenagers. Research into the complex interaction between the developmental period of childhood and the emergence of body dysmorphic symptoms is still necessary, and additionally, one should consider the factors that could affect this engagement positively. Moreover, the range of interventions that addresses body dysmorphic symptoms should move beyond the usual settings to get at the core of the real factors to successfully help the affected individuals.
Automating Helmet Usage Detection: A YOLOv8 Based Framework
Authors: Shevtekar Prof. Sumit , Langhi Sushant
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The biggest threat to Powered two-wheeler(PTW) riders is a head injury. With the humongous amount of daily commuters on such PTWs, the risk only increases substantially. In such cases, helmets reduce the risk of head injuries in accidents but not every citizen is keen on their use. In India, where the use of motorcycles is widespread, ensuring helmetuse remains a challenge. This study explores the effectiveness of YOLOv8(You Only Look Once) a state-of-the-art single-stage object detection algorithm for helmet detection on Indian roads [14]. The CNN(Convolutional Neural Networks) based technologyimplements many other efficient, reliable and quick algorithmsto train, validate and predict the object’s detection, segmentationand classification task. We leverage the use of a publicly available Indian helmet dataset from Kaggle, containing 942 images with annotations. This an image dataset of real-life powered two-wheeler riders. The dataset has images and video frames for training on 5 different objects/classes along with annotations that specify thoseobjects. This multi-class approach offers valuable insight intohelmet usage patterns paves shows us the way for real-world applications for automated traffic monitoring. Real-time helmet and number plate detection can become a game changer in trafficmonitoring and can strengthen basic safety laws
Eco Friendly Plastic Sand Bricks
Authors: Dixit Pranav
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Since the large demand has been placed on building material industry especially in the last decade owing to the increasing population which causes a chronic shortage of building materials, civil engineers were challenged to transform waste to useful constructing and production substances. Recycling of such waste as raw materials alternatives might also make a contribution inside the exhaustion of the herbal assets; the conservation of non renewable sources; development of the population health and protection preoccupation with environmental matters and discount in waste disposal expenses. Use of plastic has grown substantially in recent years all over the world. It is inexpensive and without problems available and can be moulded into any form. But, plastic is non-biodegradable; it causes pollutants and create problems in coping with even for a wealthy kingdom., because of this have a look at changed into to investigate the surroundings-pleasant capacity use of plastic and display usefulness of plastic sand bricks as opportunity structural elements, replacing well known clay brick physical and mechanical homes of plastic sand bricks have been studied in distinctive plastic sand ratios.
The Impact of Blockchain Technology on Transparency and Traceability in the Supply Chain of the Food Industry
Authors: C Abhilash Pisupati , Ulle Dr. Ravishankar
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This thesis explores the revolutionary potential of blockchain technology, emphasizing its implications for improving transparency and traceability. Food safety, authenticity, and sustainability are major issues that the food industry must deal with. These issues can have a big impact on customer confidence and safety. In order to properly handle these issues, traditional supply chain systems frequently lack the traceability and transparency features that are required. But blockchain technology provides a decentralized, immutable database that safely and transparently records transactions, which is a promising option. This study investigates the theoretical underpinnings and real-world uses of blockchain technology while conducting a critical analysis of the state of the food industry's supply chain using secondary data from published academic articles. It assesses the effect of blockchain technology on improving transparency and traceability in food supply chains by combining findings from other academic publications, taking into account elements like data integrity, information sharing, and stakeholder participation. This thesis emphasizes how blockchain technology has the possibility to revolutionize supply chain transparency and traceability in the food business. Through the utilization of blockchain's intrinsic characteristics, such decentralization and cryptographic security, stakeholders can augment consumer trust, alleviate hazards, and cultivate increased accountability along the food supply chain
A Discussion on the Concept of Similarity
Authors: Gupta Sourjya , Gupta Subrata
Published: May 2024

Abstract: In this paper a concept of relative measurement of similarity is proposed. With the approach presented we can quantify degree and percentage of similarities between two objects. Objects may be anything, a geometrical shape, a domestic article, a machine part, a piece of art, etc. In this paper, similarity is defined as a set of answers as True or False to a set of questions on attributes of these objects. The paper also discusses the properties of the proposed concept of similarity.
Mengukur Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan dan Loyalitas Pengguna Perpustakaan UMS
Authors: Pangestu Ryan Agung , Setyawan Anton Agus
Published: May 2024

This research aims to evaluate the impact or effects of effect of Service, information control, and the Library as a Place on the satisfaction and loyalty of library users. The samples in this test were active students and users who utilized library services at the Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Sampling was done using a purposive sampling technique to obtain a total of 150 respondents. The data management is carried out using the SmartPLS 3.0 statistical calculation tool and it can be stated that the effect of Service, Information Control, and Library as Place has a significant effect and has a positive impact on user satisfaction and loyalty so the hypothesis can be accepted.
Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan dan Sikap Peduli Lingkungan Terhadap Keputusan Investasi Hijau Generasi Z
Authors: Kustina Ketut Tanti , Kurniawan I Made Agus Adi , Utari I Gst Ayu Diah
Published: May 2024

Green investment refers to allocating funds to projects or financial assets that support sustainability principles and positively impact the environment or society. This study aims to investigate how Generation Z's financial literacy and environmental concerns influence green investment decisions according to the Theory of Reasoned Action. Google Form is a data collection tool distributed to Generation Z in Denpasar, and 100 respondents accepted it. The researcher employs multiple linear regression analysis. The research findings indicate that financial literacy has a positive influence on green investment decisions, and environmental concern has a significant positive impact on green investment decisions.
Pengaruh Capital Intensity, Inventory Intensity, Profitabilitas, dan Leverage Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak
Authors: Diviariesty Kadek , Cahyani Ni Kadek Ayu Mitha
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of Capital Intensity, Inventory Intensity, Profitability and Leverage on Tax Aggressiveness in Basic Industry and Chemical Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2017-2021 period. The total number of research samples was 132 companies were obtained that met the requirements in this study. The main theory used in this study is agency theory and stakeholders. The data analysis technique used in this study is Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. The results of this research are that the inventory intensity and leverage variables have no effect on corporate tax aggressiveness. Meanwhile, the capital intensity and profitability variables have a significant negative effect on corporate tax aggressiveness. Profitability is proxied using the Return on Assets (ROA) formula, leverage is proxied using the Debt to Total Assets Ratio (DAR) formula and tax aggressiveness is proxied using the Effective Tax Rate (ETR).