bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El papel de la traducción en el aula comunicativa: otra forma de abordar los objetivos de conexiones y comparaciones de los estándares
Authors: González Bueno Manuela
Published: December 2023

La traducción es parte de la vida real en situaciones en las que dos culturas con sus respectivos idiomas entran en contacto. Hay situaciones reales en las que traducir se hace necesario. Los estudiantes de lenguas extranjeras deben estar expuestos a las técnicas de traducción porque la necesidad de utilizarlas en la vida real es muy alta. Este ensayo presenta una justificación para incorporar ejercicios de traducción en el aula de lenguas extranjeras. Se ofrecen ejemplos de actividades pedagógicas que usan la traducción.
Competencias digitales en docentes universitarios a la luz de la Educación virtual
Authors: Sanchez Noroño Irene V.
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo caracterizar las competencias digitales en la dimensión pedagógica en los docentes de la Universidad Arturo Prat frente a la implementación de la educación virtual emergente. Para ello se consideraron las obras Competencias y estándares TIC para la profesión docente y Marco de competencias de los docentes en materia de TIC. El estudio es de tipo descriptivo y cualitativo. Entre los resultados más relevantes se encuentra que predomina en la metodología la clase magistral y que existe una preocupación por la falta de control de validación de la identidad de los estudiantes en las evaluaciones. Como conclusión los docentes han realizado un pareamiento de la clase presencial hacia la clase virtual, en donde se trasladan hacia la virtualidad las mismas reglas y métodos. Este tipo de estudios devela que a más de 10 años de haber declarado las competencias digitales en los docentes como fundamentales, persiste el uso instrumental. Es oportuno mencionar que el presente estudio es solo una primera versión de un análisis más robusto que integrará todas las demisiones.
Conciencia metacognitiva, estilos cognitivos y rasgos de personalidad en la formación y profesorado de inglés
Authors: Quintana Lara Marcela , Ramos Leiva Lucía , Díaz Larenas Claudio , Tagle Ochoa Tania , Riquelme Sanderson Michel , Alarcón Hernández Paola , Leiva Gutiérrez José
Published: December 2023

Este artículo presentó un estudio de tipo correlacional, de diseño no experimental y transversal realizado en Chile. Su objetivo fue explorar la relación entre los estilos cognitivos y rasgos de la personalidad con la conciencia metacognitiva en estudiantes en práctica profesional y docentes noveles de inglés como Lengua Extranjera. Los datos correspondieron a tres cuestionarios aplicados a 55 estudiantes en práctica profesional y 18 docentes noveles. Algunos de los resultados indicaron que en ambos grupos destacó el estilo sistemático por sobre el estilo intuitivo y la personalidad no se manifiestó como una variable significativa que se relacione con la conciencia metacognitiva. Sólo la dimensión psicoticismo se relacionó con el conocimiento declarativo, en el grupo de docentes noveles. Esta investigación contribuyó a la formación integrada entre los aspectos disciplinar-pedagógico y del desarrollo humano que hacen a un docente un modelo a seguir.
PERENCANAAN STRUKTUR ULANG GEDUNG BADAN PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DAN NAGARI KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT
Authors: Candra Iseng , Eka Priana Surya , Bastian Elfania
Published: December 2023

Building Planning The Community Empowerment Agency and Nagari is one of the government buildings, the planned building is a 3-storey office building located in the West Pasaman earthquake area. so planning is needed that leads to being resistant to earthquake shocks, this is one of the basics for planners to plan the Community and Nagari Empowerment Agency Building. From the results of this structural analysis, the reinforcement structure is obtained based on the author's analysis. The results obtained that the material used is steel fy = 420 MPa and concrete quality fc' = 24.9 MPa, for plate reinforcement in the direction of x = 10 – 150, while the direction of y = 10 – 150. Column planning uses quality fy = 420 and concrete quality fc' = 24.9 Mpa for a 40cm x 40cm column with the main reinforcement used, namely 8D – 16 and a 30cm x 30cm column with the main reinforcement used 6D – 16. While the beam design uses steel quality fy = 420 Mpa and muru concrete fc' = 24.9 MPa for beams measuring 50cm x 30cm with reinforcement used 6D – 16 16 for tensile reinforcement and 3D – 16 for compression reinforcement, steel quality fy = 420 and concrete quality fc' = 20.75 for beam size 45cm x 25cm with reinforcement used 4D – 13 for tensile reinforcement and 3D – 13 for compression reinforcement, while for beams using steel quality fy = 400 and quality beron fc' = 20.75 for size 30cm x 20cm with the main reinforcement used 3D – 12 for tensile reinforcement and 2D – 12 for compression reinforcement.reinforcement.
KARAKTERISTIK PETERNAK YANG BERGABUNG DI BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA UNIT PETERNAKAN SAPI POTONG
Authors: Rohani ST , Hastang Hastang , Diansari Pipi , Darwis Muhammad , Kurniawan Muhammad Erik , Astaman Putra , Hikmah Aulia Nurul , Basri Zulkifli
Published: December 2023

The phenomenon of national beef supply is still a very interesting polemic to be studied in the world of research. The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of farmers who join the BUMDes beef cattle unit. This research was conducted in Bantaeng Regency. The type of research used descriptive research research. The research sample was 30 farmers who were members of the BUMDES beef cattle farming unit which was done by simple randomization. Data were collected through interviews and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the characteristics that influenced farmers who joined the BUMDes were based on age, gender, education level, family dependents, farming experience, and number of livestock ownership. The research conclusion is that the characteristics of farmers who join the BUMDES beef cattle farming unit in Bantaeng Regency are at productive age and male, relatively low education level, the number of family dependents of farmers 1-3 people, farming experience between 1 to 3 years with livestock ownership scale ranging from 1-4 beef cattle
Teenage Pregnancy
Authors:   Specialist in Adult Intensive Care Nursing and Neonatal Nursing by UERJ and Occupational Nursing (UFRJ), Santa Ursula University in Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil, Bogossian Tricia
Published: December 2023

This work seeks throughout its topics to present one of the major social problems in the world, teenage pregnancy, highlighting the vision of renowned authors, as well as establishing an understanding of the measures adopted by governments in order to minimize the growth of adolescents who become become mothers. The general objective of the work is to highlight the aspects involved in teenage pregnancy, as for the specific objectives, they are: describe the social view on teenage pregnancy; present the measures or precautions established by the government as a way to minimize pregnancy among teenagers; highlight the relevance of prenatal care for pregnant women. In the process of developing the work, a literary review was carried out, based on works published in the last 11 years, to highlight some of the main concepts and evaluations of authors from both the social and medical fields.
SwarMer: A Decentralized Localization Framework for Flying Light Specks
Authors:   University of Southern California, Alimohammadzadeh Hamed , Ghandeharizadeh Shahram
Published: December 2023

Swarm-Merging, SwarMer, is a decentralized framework to localize Flying Light Specks (FLSs) to render 2D and 3D shapes. An FLS is a miniature sized drone equipped with one or more light sources to generate different colors and textures with adjustable brightness. It is battery powered, network enabled with storage and processing capability to implement a decentralized algorithm such as SwarMer. An FLS is unable to render a shape by itself. SwarMer uses the inter-FLS relationship effect of its organizational framework to compensate for the simplicity of each individual FLS, enabling a swarm of cooperating FLSs to render complex shapes. SwarMer is resilient to network packet loss, FLSs failing, and FLSs leaving to charge their battery. It is fast, highly accurate, and scales to remain effective when a shape consists of a large number of FLSs.
Participation in Cultural Centres in Denmark
Authors: Ejgod Hansen Louise , Eriksson Birgit , Nordentoft Karen
Published: December 2023

There is at least one cultural centre in every municipality in Denmark – in the vast majority of municipalities, many more. This means that cultural centres are probably the most widespread form of cultural institution in Denmark. So, it is surprising that there is a lack of knowledge about them. This report provides insight into a central, yet underexposed area of cultural life in Denmark. The report is part of the DELTAG (English: ‘Participate’) project (2019-23), funded by the Nordea Foundation and initiated by the Culture Centres in Denmark association and Aarhus University.
The History of the Formation of Folklore Collections in Belarus
Authors:   Center for the Belarusian Culture, Language and Literature Research National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Hrynevich Yanina
Published: December 2023

The article focuses on the knowledge of the formation circumstances and development of folklore collections in Belarus in historical perspective. The history of collecting Belarusian folklore is explored, concentrating on the main ideas and the most influential collectors and groups of collectors. The research questions concern the main collection centers, gathering strategies, and their changes in accordance with the dominant state ideology and cultural policy. The study reveals that the growing interest in collecting folklore was closely connected with the process of national revival and the creation of the Belarusian state. Initiated by the passion of individual amateur collectors and local historians, the collection of folklore gradually became an important national task and was concentrated in the main scientific centers. Besides state ideology, the greatest influence on the formation of folklore collections, their form and content, is exerted by the goals and approaches of individuals. The personality, the level of education and age of the collector have a direct impact on the collection processes and, respectively, on the data obtained as a result.
If Oskar Kolberg Had Had the Phonograph… Or How to Read the Oldest Archival Notes of Polish Traditional Music through the Prism of Phonographic Experience
Authors:   Institute of Art, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jackowski Jacek
Published: December 2023

The article explores the value of different types of sources (written, audio) of traditional music in the context of contemporary Polish folk music research and practices. The military twentieth century rendered a large gap in the records (especially in the sound recordings) of traditional music and in order to obtain a more coherent and complete picture of the essence and development of traditional music, it is necessary to combine all the bits and pieces in different types of recordings. The most recent research has allowed us to study the first notations of traditional music made by Oskar Kolberg in the nineteenth century in quite a new context – via audio experiences after listening to archival recordings. The “phonic age” delivered additional data about traditional music – not only lyrics, melody, intervals and formulaic notation of rhythms, but also every detail that could not have been captured and saved with the use of traditional musical notation. The appearance of new techniques of sound recording has a particular meaning and influence for the reconstruction of the ancient sound of village music and for styles and manners of performing. It is important not only for musical performers but also for theoreticians who often face the problem of how to interpret historical descriptions of music or how to truly perform historical reality (e.g., ethnomusicologists, ethnographers, film and radio-audience producers, etc.). An experimental study was conducted in collaboration with contemporary musicians on how they interpret the acquisition of a new piece written down over one and a half centuries ago. The results revealed notable differences between the musicians with academic education, younger generation revivalists, and traditional musicians in terms of acquiring the style of performance but also in shares of improvisation. In addition, the notation is not able to describe the nuances of performance and therefore the audio recordings or live models are of extreme value in the practical learning and researching of traditional music.
Archives and the Bodily Dimension of Traditional Dance Knowledge
Authors:   Baltic Film, Media, and Arts School of Tallinn University, Estonia, Kapper-Tiisler Sille
Published: December 2023

For a dance researcher, audiovisual recordings are the most informative part of archives. For various reasons, in Estonia, re-embodiment of traditional dances has been based more on verbal descriptions and less on film and video. Nonetheless, some analysis has been done by today, and some findings on individual, local, and temporary variability of traditional dancing in different parts of Estonia exist, and some clips have been published. Despite of availability of archival video recordings, folk dance teachers usually prefer verbal descriptions, which leads to the loss of a great deal of detailed information. In the article, I explore some of the reasons for this situation, based on my own teacher practice and a case study inquiry among teachers of high school girls’ dance groups involved in the process of the 12th Youth Dance Celebration in 2017. In this project high school girls’ groups were proposed to learn Ristpulkadetants (Crossed Sticks Dance) in an unusual way – as a supplement to verbal descriptions, an archival movie clip was provided to teachers as source material. This made it possible to investigate teachers’ interest in the use of film, as well as the facilitating or hindering factors of actual use. About a fifth of the involved teachers expressed an opinion that archival recordings contain information not yet verbalized in descriptions and could help them in adding new qualities to the bodily dimension of their own and their students’ dance. As a result of the study, it can also be said that archive videos of a traditional dance are not that available to folk dance teachers as they would like them to be.
The Collection of Hungarian Traditional Games
Authors:   Institute for Musicology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary, Lázár Katalin
Published: December 2023

In the first half of the twentieth century, the collection of Hungarian traditional games was housed in the archives of the department of folk music of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Folk music researchers published the first volume of the Corpus Musicae Popularis Hungaricae I, with the title Children’s Games, containing 1,162 songs from traditional games. As Zoltán Kodály, world-famous folk musicologist, wrote in the preface of the volume, the publication of the volume marked the beginning of the work, not the end of it. Further work has verified this. The type system of traditional games was completed in the 1980s, and contained all kinds of games. It was developed on the basis of Hungarian traditional games although it is also suitable for systematising the traditional games of other European peoples. The article exemplifies a decades-long journey of a collection from an analogue format to a database.
Opening Archives to Society: The Experience from the Folklore Archive at Rovira i Virgili University
Authors:   Department of Catalan Studies, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain, Oriol Carme , Samper Emili ,   Department of Catalan Studies, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
Published: December 2023

The Folklore Archive at the Rovira i Virgili University (URV) is a university archive. The materials it stores are products of the fieldwork conducted by students on the Catalan Studies programme and the work done by professors researching into folk literature. From the year of its creation to the present, the Archive has adapted to the needs of the society of which it is a part. The present article discusses two issues. First, it explains how the results from our university research are transferred from the Archive to society (web, specialized digital resources, social networks, etc.). And second, it describes a specific activity entitled La ciutat a cau d’orella (The whispering city), which focuses on legends and involves several entities in Tarragona (city hall, public library, schools, youth organizations, writing workshops, etc.). This activity can be regarded as a way of developing mutual relations between the academic world and the general public.
Mesilased eesti usundilises folklooris
Authors:   Department of Folkloristics, Estonian Literary Museum, Tartu, Estonia, Kõiva Mare
Published: December 2023

The article traces changes in human cognitive and social development using the example of the only domesticated insect, the bee. From the 13th to the 20th century, forest bee-keeping spread, using live trees as beehives, and later also log hives on the ground. The ways of keeping bees changed fundamentally in the 19th century with the introduction of new types of hives, and they also consolidated beliefs in relation to bees. Bees had numerous special names, euphemisms were used when talking about them and in incantations, in which bees were called men/workers or other kinship terms were used, and they were also called domestic animals of the guardian fairies. The article presents beliefs about bees as soul animals and various mythical stories that were associated with the journey of the soul, as well as the popular belief about the connection between the death of the owner and the bees. While earlier on honey denoted an abundant and ideal life in the minds of people, the bee represented a hardworking, loyal person, and bees were the epitome of the motherland in texts expressing national identity. In the foreground is the search for balance between human and other beings, human and the environment, which is expressed, e.g., by the declaration of the rights of bees and the development trends of urban representation.
Perros en la Calle
Authors: Crimmins Mark
Published: December 2023

The two of you are sat on a curb just off the Avenida Cinco de Mayo in Mexico City, shoving your faces full of the roast chicken dinners you bought at Gili Pollos. When you sat on the curb and started unwrapping your meals, you both bobbed briefly from side to side, singing in unison the endless jingle that blares over the speakers of the cantina just down the street: Pollito con papas! Pollito con papas! Gili Pollos was closing so you were lucky to get your food, but it’s getting close to midnight now and you have slipped into the nearest alleyway to slug back your chicken and spuds.
Evaluating the Competencies of Built Environment Consultants in Contributing to Sustainable Construction in Ghana
Authors: Donzing Daniel , Williams Justice , Kheni Nongiba Alkanam
Published: December 2023

There is growing evidence that the earth’s ability to sustain life as it has been known for thousands of years has been seriously threatened, and if care is not taken, will result in irreversible degradation of the planet, its ecosystems, and ultimately the quality of life (QOL) of its inhabitants. Sustainable construction is a holistic process aiming to restore and maintain harmony between the natural and built environments and create settlements that affirm human dignity and encourage economic equity. In pursuit of achieving sustainable construction (SC) in the Ghanaian construction industry, the competencies of the built consultants cannot be downplayed. The study aimed to evaluate such competencies which are critically required of the built consultants in achieving SC. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. Architects, quantity surveyors, project managers, and structural engineers in Ghana were the targeted population. The study adopted a purposive sampling technique to select the survey respondents. The findings of the study revealed fifteen (15) critical competencies required of the built environment consultants in the quest of achieving SC in Ghana. These included; Strategic planning, Quality Management, Time management, Team building, Understanding and interpreting building codes and regulations, and Professional ethics. This study contributes to the state of the art by evaluating the competencies of the built environment consultants concerning the adoption and implementation of sustainable construction in Ghana. This would enable policymakers to be able to develop policies to enhance the environment.
Interference of Mannose and Galactose in Glucose Assay by the Glucose Oxidase/Peroxidase Method
Authors: Alqobaisi Abdullah , Alharbi Ziyad , Albakiri Faisal , Alfouzan Rakan Khalid , Farh Ibrahim , Mansour Mahmoud
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Although the glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme is produced by a variety of different organisms. The most commonly enzyme originates from the fungus Aspergillus Niger is widely implicated in glucose estimation. A. niger GOx enzyme should be highly sensitive and selective for glucose. However, GOx extracted from A. Niger may contain other enzyme impurities. Potential interfering agents as glucose epimers can impact the accuracy of results obtained by glucose oxidase- Peroxidase method.
Methods: Glucose epimers as galactose and mannose were in vitro screened for interference with glucose estimation by glucose Oxidase-Peroxidase method (GOx-POD) at concentrations similar to physiological concentrations of glucose. Furthermore, different concentrations of mannose and galactose calibration experiments were estimated by the enzymatic method implicated for glucose determination to understand the potential source and mechanism of interference from glucose epimers.
Results: Epimers of glucose as mannose and galactose can interfere with the glucose determination using the glucose oxidase/peroxidase (EC 1.1.3.4/1.11.1.7) (GOx-POD) method utilizing reduced o-Dianisidine as the oxygen acceptor chromogen. There was a linear relationship between the concentrations of mannose and glucose readings. Each 0.11 μmol/l of mannose in samples leads to an apparent increase of about 0.11 μmol/l of glucose. This interference in the GOx-POD method for glucose assay can occur in the in vitro experimental samples and cause over-estimation of the glucose. While the implicated enzymatic method glucose oxidase/peroxidase can detect only higher concentrations of galactose up to 0.275 μmol/l.
Conclusion: Under the conditions of in vitro measurement of glucose, using GOx-POD method, different concentrations of mannose (low and high) and while higher concentrations of galactose have a measurable interference. Mannose exhibited the highest interference during screening. Enzyme kinetic analysis conducted with galactose and mannose supported the notion that, the reactivity of GOx enzyme toward epimers of glucose and the presence of enzymatic impurities (such as galactose or mannose oxidase) are two potential sources for sugar interference with GOx. It is suggested that careful attention should be paid to the wide applicability of the GOx-POD method for glucose assay.
Recurrent Ventricular Fibrillation in an Apparently Healthy Patient
Authors: Gao Yan , Wu Hao-Yu , Cao Yi-Wei
Published: December 2023

This case report describes a patient in their 50s who collapsed, received chest compressions, and recovered consciousness at home.
Health Misinformation on Social Media and Adolescent Health
Authors: Wang Monica L. , Togher Katherine
Published: December 2023

This Viewpoint discusses strategies for dealing with health misinformation on social media.
SOS2 modulates the threshold of EGFR signaling to regulate osimertinib efficacy and resistance in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Theard Patricia L. , Linke Amanda J. , Sealover Nancy E. , Daley Brianna R. , Yang Johnny , Cox Katherine , Kortum Robert L.
Published: December 2023

Son of sevenless 1 and 2 (SOS1 and SOS2) are RAS guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RasGEFs) that mediate physiologic and pathologic receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)‐dependent RAS activation. Here, we show that SOS2 modulates the threshold of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling to regulate the efficacy of and resistance to the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR‐TKI) osimertinib in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). SOS2 deletion (SOS2KO) sensitized EGFR‐mutated cells to perturbations in EGFR signaling caused by reduced serum and/or osimertinib treatment to inhibit phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway activation, oncogenic transformation, and survival. Bypassing RTK reactivation of PI3K/AKT signaling represents a common resistance mechanism to EGFR‐TKIs; SOS2KO reduced PI3K/AKT reactivation to limit osimertinib resistance. In a forced HGF/MET‐driven bypass model, SOS2KO inhibited hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)‐stimulated PI3K signaling to block HGF‐driven osimertinib resistance. Using a long‐term in situ resistance assay, most osimertinib‐resistant cultures exhibited a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype associated with reactivated RTK/AKT signaling. In contrast, RTK/AKT‐dependent osimertinib resistance was markedly reduced by SOS2 deletion; the few SOS2KO cultures that became osimertinib resistant primarily underwent non‐RTK‐dependent epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Since bypassing RTK reactivation and/or tertiary EGFR mutations represent most osimertinib‐resistant cancers, these data suggest that targeting proximal RTK signaling, here exemplified by SOS2 deletion, has the potential to delay the development osimertinib resistance and enhance overall clinical responses for patients with EGFR‐mutated LUAD.
A Facile Strategy for Achieving Polymeric Afterglow Materials with Wide Color‐Tunability and Persistent Near‐Infrared Luminescence
Authors: Chen Keyao , Xiong Yu , Wang Deliang , Pan Yiwen , Zhao Zheng , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: December 2023

Polymer‐based room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials show promising applications in anti‐counterfeiting. To further realize multiscale and/or multimodal anti‐counterfeiting, it is highly desirable to develop polymeric afterglow materials with multiple security features. Herein, a facile strategy is presented to endow polymeric afterglow materials with ultralong lifetime, wide color‐tunability, persistent near‐infrared (NIR) luminescence, and good water solubility via constructing non‐traditional phosphorescence resonance energy transfer (PRET) and two‐step sequential resonance energy transfer systems. Specifically, the 1‐bromocarbazole derivatives with ultralong blue‐color RTP property act as the energy donor while traditional dyes with red/NIR luminescence act as the energy acceptor. By simply regulating the doping composition and concentration of these non‐traditional energy transfer systems, persistent and multicolor organic afterglow covering from the visible to NIR region is successfully realized. Notably, compared to the single‐step PRET, the two‐step sequential resonance energy transfer has the unique advantages of higher transfer efficiency of triplet excitons from the initial donor, a wider range of color‐tunability mediated by the intermediary acceptor, and enhanced delayed fluorescence efficiency of the final acceptor. Finally, these water‐soluble polymeric afterglow materials with ultralong lifetime, wide color‐tunability, and persistent NIR luminescence show great potential applications in advanced anti‐counterfeiting and information security technologies.
Left ventricular thrombus formation in a COVID‐19 patient with a complex course of pericarditis and myocardial infarction
Authors: Golshani Jalil , Kalantari Zahra , Ahangar Hassan , Ameri‐Mahabadi Saman , Madadi Reza , Khosroshahi Vahid Toupchi
Published: December 2023

Key Clinical Message

Our case demonstrated that thrombotic complications such as coronary thrombosis and left ventricular clot could occur even in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients with nonspecific symptoms which indicates the mysterious face of COVID‐19. This complex process highlights the necessity of screening patients for COVID‐19 disease even with nonspecific cardiac symptoms.
Sex‐ and state‐dependent covariation of risk‐averse and escape behavior in a widespread lizard
Authors: Wu Qiang , Rutschmann Alexis , Miles Donald B. , Richard Murielle , Clobert Jean
Published: December 2023

Mounting evidence has shown that personality and behavioral syndromes have a substantial influence on interspecific interactions and individual fitness. However, the stability of covariation among multiple behavioral traits involved in antipredator responses has seldom been tested. Here, we investigate whether sex, gravidity, and parasite infestations influence the covariation between risk aversion (hiding time within a refuge) and escape response (immobility, escape distance) using a viviparous lizard, Zootoca vivipara, as a model system. Our results demonstrated a correlation between risk‐averse and escape behavior at the among‐individual level, but only in gravid females. We found no significant correlations in either males or neonates. A striking result was the loss of association in postparturition females. This suggests that the “risk‐averse – escape” syndrome is ephemeral and only emerges in response to constraints on locomotion driven by reproductive burden. Moreover, parasites have the potential to dissociate the correlations between risk aversion and escape response in gravid females, yet the causal chain requires further examination. Overall, our findings provide evidence of differences in the association between behaviors within the lifetime of an individual and indicate that individual states, sex, and life stages can together influence the stability of behavioral syndromes.
DNA barcoding the ichthyofauna of the Beibu Gulf: Implications for fisheries management in a seafood market hub
Authors: Jiang Changping , Yi Murong , Luo Zhisen , He Xiongbo , Lin Hung‐Du , Hubert Nicolas , Yan Yunrong
Published: December 2023

The Beibu Gulf in China is situated in the tropics, in the western Pacific Ocean. It is an emblematic region combining proximity to a marine biodiversity hotspot and a major seafood hub. Intensification of marine fishing and ocean warming led to a drastic decline in fish populations in the Beibu Gulf during the last decades. This situation urges the development of molecular resources of the Beibu Gulf fish fauna in order to enable automated molecular identifications at the species level for next‐generation monitoring. With this objective, we present the results of a large‐scale campaign to DNA barcode fishes of the Beibu Gulf. We successfully generated 789 new DNA barcodes corresponding to 263 species which, together with 291 sequences mined from Genbank and BOLD, resulted in a reference library of 1080 sequences from 285 species. Based on the use of four DNA‐based species delimitation methods (BIN, ASAP, mPTP, mGMYC), a total of 285 Molecular Operational Taxonomical Units (MOTUs). A single case of cryptic diversity was detected in Scomberomorus guttatus and a single species pair was not captured by delimitation methods. Intraspecific K2P genetic distances averaged 0.36% among sequences within species, whereas K2P genetic distances among species within genera averaged 6.96%. The most speciose families in open water trawling differ from those at fish market, and discrepancies with historical data are discussed in the light of recently documented stock collapses.
Edible mushrooms: A sustainable novel ingredient for meat analogs
Authors: Singh Umesh , Tiwari Pooja , Kelkar Sneha , Kaul Dikshita , Tiwari Abhay , Kapri Mandira , Sharma Satyawati
Published: December 2023

Meat products are ubiquitously consumed for their higher protein content and characteristic organoleptic properties. The enhanced capacities of meat production to meet the demands of the rapidly increasing global population is causing serious issues relating to health, environment, and animal welfare. Suitable meat alternatives that are protein‐rich, sustainable, and healthier are being continuously explored by scientists globally. In this direction, edible medicinal mushrooms can be used as promising healthier meat alternatives as they provide natural meaty texture, flavors and are also rich in proteins, essential amino acids, β‐glucans, vitamins, minerals, polyphenols, and antioxidants. Mushrooms have proven medicinal benefits including anticancer, immunomodulatory, antiviral, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and anti‐inflammatory properties. The aim of the present review is to highlight the potential of edible mushrooms to produce meat analogs, various meat and nonmeat‐based studies focussing on mushrooms as key meat analog ingredients, impact on the product quality, associated nutraceutical aspects, consumer behavior and market availability of mushroom‐based meat analogs.
Role of solute carrier transporters in regulating dendritic cell maturation and function
Authors: Shao Lin , Yang Mengxin , Sun Tao , Xia Haotang , Du Dan , Li Xun , Jie Zuliang
Published: December 2023

Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen‐presenting cells that initiate and regulate innate and adaptive immune responses. Solute carrier (SLC) transporters mediate diverse physiological functions and maintain cellular metabolite homeostasis. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of SLCs in immune processes. Notably, upon activation, immune cells undergo rapid and robust metabolic reprogramming, largely dependent on SLCs to modulate diverse immunological responses. In this review, we explore the central roles of SLC proteins and their transported substrates in shaping DC functions. We provide a comprehensive overview of recent studies on amino acid transporters, metal ion transporters, and glucose transporters, emphasizing their essential contributions to DC homeostasis under varying pathological conditions. Finally, we propose potential strategies for targeting SLCs in DCs to bolster immunotherapy for a spectrum of human diseases.
High efficiency removal of ibuprofen in water using activated carbon derived from Radix Angelica Dahurica residue
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Xuemei , Li Xin , Li Weiyan , Mao Shanshan , He Shiyi , Wu Xiao , Tang Cuiqing , Yu Jiao , Pan Liqin , Zhou Xing
Published: December 2023

The exploitation and utilization of Traditional Chinese medicine have annually produced 30 million tons of waste residues including Radix Angelica Dahurica residue (RAR), which raised environmental concerns. Meantime, the non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug of ibuprofen (IBP) is an emerging contaminant in the aquatic environment, annually producing up to 9000 tons in China. After extracting the active substance, RAR is prepared as activated carbon (AC) for the purification of IBP wastewater. Two kinds AC modified without (RAR‐AC) and with phosphoric acid (M‐RAR‐AC) were characterized by FT‐IR, TG, BET and SEM. The phosphoric acid activation contributed to the high BET surface area (564.9914 m2 g−1) and large total pore volume (0.4894 cm3 g−1). M‐RAR‐AC showed 7.7 folds (15 min) and 2.7 folds (30 min) higher extent of IBP removal compared to commercial activated carbon (C‐AC). The enhancement of IBP removal with M‐RAR‐AC was investigated further by varying initial pollutant concentration, absorbent dosage, temperature, pH and rotating speed. Especially, temperature nearly has no effect on IBP removal by M‐RAR‐AC. Isotherm and kinetic studies suggested IBP was adsorbed on the heterogeneous surface in multilayer form and chemisorption played the dominant role in IBP removal. IBP removal of 93.3 ± 0.1% and 64.2 ± 2.8% was achieved for first and fifth cycle, respectively. The IBP removal on M‐RAR‐AC may be accomplished by a variety of interactions such as electrostatic attraction, pore‐filling, hydrogen bonding, and π‐π interaction. These findings provide new insights into the utilization of RAR for preparing AC and highlight the potential applications for treating industrial wastewater.
Double‐deep Q‐learning‐based handover management in mmWave heterogeneous networks with dual connectivity
Authors: Wang Hao , Li Bo
Published: December 2023

Millimeter wave (mmWave) technology, with its abundant spectrum resources and ultra‐high bandwidth, plays a crucial role in meeting the ultra‐high throughput requirements of future 6G communication and supporting a large number of device connections. However, mmWave signals are highly susceptible to congestion, and the channel quality in mmWave links can be extremely unstable, posing a significant challenge to mobility management in mmWave networks. In this article, we present a deep reinforcement learning‐based dual connectivity (DC) handover strategy for mmWave cellular networks. The DC architecture ensures a continuous connection to the core network, reducing the likelihood of frequent service interruptions. Additionally, the proposed handover strategy employs deep reinforcement learning to select the optimal handover target node, further enhancing system performance. Compared to traditional single connectivity (SC) handover strategies, DC involves more intricate handover trigger conditions and processes. We extend several typical SC handover algorithms for DC and compare them with the proposed algorithms in this study. Through numerical simulations, we evaluate the performance of these algorithms. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm minimizes unnecessary handovers, reduces service interruption time, and achieves the highest throughput.
Determination of process parameters and precipitation methods for potential large‐scale production of sugar beet leaf protein concentrate
Authors: Akyüz Ayça , Tekin İdil , Aksoy Zülal , Ersus Seda
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Sugar beet is one of the most produced industrial plants in the world, and during manufacturing it produces a large quantity of leaf waste. Because this waste is rich in protein, this study aimed to identify an efficient method for producing large‐scale protein concentrate from sugar beet leaves.

RESULTS

Results showed that protein extraction from fresh leaves was more effective than from dried leaves. Maximum protein extraction was achieved at pH 9, compared with pH 7 or 8. Blanching as a pretreatment reduced protein yield during isoelectric precipitation, with a yield of 2.31% compared to 20.20% without blanching. Consequently, blanching was excluded from the extraction process. After extraction, isoelectric precipitation, heat coagulation, and isoelectric–ammonium sulfate precipitation were compared. Although the latter resulted in the highest protein yield, Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed that excessive salt was not removed during dialysis, making it unsuitable for scale‐up due to its additional cost and complexity. Therefore, isoelectric precipitation was selected as the appropriate method for protein precipitation from sugar beet leaves. To increase yield, extractions were assisted by ultrasound or enzyme addition. Ultrasound‐assisted extraction resulted in an increased protein yield from 20.20% to 28.60%, while Pectinex Ultra SP‐L‐assisted extraction was the most effective, increasing protein yield from 20.20% to 38.09%.

CONCLUSION

Proteins were extracted from fresh sugar beet leaves using optimum conditions (50 °C, 30 min, pH 9) and precipitated at isoelectric point, with enzymatic‐assisted extraction yielding the maximum protein recovery. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Applied Bayesian structural health monitoring: Inclinometer data anomaly detection and forecasting
Authors: Green David K. E. , Jaspan Adam
Published: December 2023

Inclinometer probes are devices that can be used to measure deformations within earthwork slopes. This paper demonstrates a novel application of Bayesian techniques to real‐world inclinometer data, providing both anomaly detection and forecasting. Specifically, this paper details an analysis of data collected from across the entire UK rail network.

Inclinometers are a standard tool of geotechnical site monitoring. Data from these instruments is often used in risk analysis and decision‐making. However, discerning anomalous data points and forecasting future behaviour from inclinometer data requires significant ‘engineering judgement’ (subjective appraisal). This is because the observational data is derived from complex physical phenomena and contains complex spatio‐temporal correlations. Additionally, the practical demands of data collected from remote sites over several years tends to introduce systematic errors. These issues make the interpretation of inclinometer data challenging.

Practitioners have effectively two goals when processing monitoring data. The first is to identify any anomalous or dangerous movements, and the second is to predict potential future adverse scenarios by forecasting. In this paper we apply Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) techniques by implementing a Bayesian approach to anomaly detection and forecasting for inclinometer data. Subsequently, both costs and risks may be minimised by quantifying and evaluating the appropriate uncertainties. This framework may then act as an enabler for enhanced decision making and risk analysis.

We show that inclinometer data can be described by a latent autocorrelated Markov process derived from measurements. This can be used as the transition model of a non‐linear Bayesian filter. This allows for the prediction of system states. This learnt latent model also allows for the detection of anomalies: observations that are far from their expected value may be considered to have ‘high surprisal’, that is they have a high information content relative to the model encoding represented by the learnt latent model.

We successfully apply the forecasting and anomaly detection techniques to a large real‐world data set in a computationally efficient manner. Although this paper studies inclinometers in particular, the techniques are broadly applicable to all areas of engineering UQ and Structural Health Monitoring (SHM).
Waterborne parasites in Uganda: A survey in Queen Elizabeth Protected Area
Authors: Sente Celsus , Onyuth Howard , Tamale Andrew , Mali Bob , Namara Benigna Gabriela , Mugoya Jacob Gizamba , Omara Andrew Rwot
Published: December 2023

Background

Pathogenic waterborne protozoa and helminths have the potential to cause infections in vulnerable populations such as children and immunocompromised individuals. Those residing in close proximity to wildlife‐protected areas in sub‐Saharan Africa, who are among the most economically disadvantaged, may have an increased susceptibility to these infections. This study aimed at detecting protozoan trophozoites/cysts, and helminth eggs in environmental and piped tap water (PTW) used by locals and tourists in the Queen Elizabeth Protected Area (QEPA) in western Uganda.

Methods

Water samples were taken from the natural environment and domestic PTW sources. The samples were analysed for helminth eggs, free‐living amoeba (FLA) trophozoites/cysts, Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts. The parasites were examined under the microscope, after which they were identified and counted. The data was subjected to univariate analysis to compare the prevalence rates across the different sample sites. The variables were summed using the mean and standard error of the mean.

Results

The overall prevalence rates of the protozoan parasites, from highest to lowest, were as follows: FLA (56.6%), Cryptosporidium spp. (38.2%), Giardia spp. (36.5%), Eimeria spp. (20.3%) and Paramecium spp. (2.7%). Similarly, helminth parasite prevalence was as follows: Strongyle (38.2%), Ascaris spp. (33.3%), Trematodes (25%), Strongyloides (10.5%), Toxocara spp. (8.3%) and Capillaria spp. (3.2%).

Conclusion

The presence of parasites in natural water sources inside QEPA presents a significant hazard for the contamination of domestic water. It is imperative to implement established procedures for enhancing water quality.
Development of Tris‐(triazolyl)‐s–triazine Linker‐Based Cationic Amphiphiles: Stability and Gene Delivery Applications
Authors: Manturthi Shireesha , Narayan Kumar Pranav , Patri Srilakshmi V.
Published: December 2023

The ability to readily be designed, manufactured, and described has made cationic lipids one of the highly adaptable vehicles for the transfer of DNA, RNA, and numerous additional therapeutic compounds. In this article, we synthesized a variety of Tris‐(triazolyl)‐s‐triazine linker‐based cationic lipids with different types of anchoring groups, and assessed the transfection efficacy. Specifically, two identical tails like either two alpha‐tocopherol domains or cholesterol domains or aliphatic chains (saturated), and on the other hand, two different tails, alpha‐tocopherol domain and cholesterol domain or alpha‐tocopherol domain and aliphatic chain (saturated) were employed as hydrophobic motifs to synthesize the cationic lipids. The stability, size, and surface charge of liposomes were performed by dynamic light scattering technique. Cytotoxicity study on cell survival showed that the synthesized lipids are less hazardous to the cells despite the fact that cationic lipids have large molecular structure. The lipid having di alpha‐tocopherol domains demonstrated phenomenal β‐galactosidase protein expression and enhanced green fluorescence expression in the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Findings from the physico‐chemical and biological evaluations the developed lipids are compatible in various forms while maintaining low cytotoxicity and efficient carriers for nucleic acid delivery.
Highly‐Efficient 2D Nonfullerene Acceptors Enabled by Subtle Molecular Tailoring Engineering
Authors: Ding Yafei , Xiong Shilong , Li Mingpeng , Pu Mingrui , Zhu Yiwu , Lai Xue , Wang Yunpeng , Qiu Dongsheng , Lai Hanjian , He Feng
Published: December 2023

The conjugate expansion of nonfullerene acceptors is considered to be a promising approach for improving organic photovoltaic performance because of its function in tuning morphological structure and molecular stacking behavior. In this work, two nonfullerene acceptors are designed and synthesized using a 2D π‐conjugate expansion strategy, thus enabling the construction of highly‐efficient organic solar cells (OSCs). Compared with YB2B (incorporating dibromophenanthrene on the quinoxaline‐fused core), YB2T (incorporating dibromobenzodithiophene on the quinoxaline‐fused core) has red‐shifted spectral absorption and better charge transport properties. Moreover, the more orderly and tightly intermolecular stacking of YB2T provides the possibility of forming a more suitable phase separation morphology in blend films. Through characterization and analysis, the YB2T‐based blend film is found to have higher exciton dissociation efficiency and less charge recombination. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.05% is achieved in YB2T‐based binary OSCs, while YB2B‐based devices only reached 10.94%. This study demonstrates the significance of the aromatic‐ring substitution strategy for regulating the electronic structure and aggregation behavior of 2D nonfullerene acceptors, facilitating the development of devices with superior photovoltaic performance.