bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
De novo Y1460C missense variant in NaV1.1 impedes the pore region and results in epileptic encephalopathy
Authors: Plumereau Quentin , Ebdalla Aya , Poulin Hugo , Appendino Juan Pablo , Scantlebury Morris H. , Au Ping Yee Billie , Chahine Mohamed
Published: October 2022

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures. SCN1A encodes NaV1.1, a neuronal voltage-gated Na+ channel that is highly expressed throughout the central nervous system. NaV1.1 is localized within the axon initial segment where it plays a critical role in the initiation and propagation of action potentials and neuronal firing, predominantly in γ-amino-butyric-acid (GABA)ergic neurons of the hippocampus. The objective of this study was to characterize a de novo missense variant of uncertain significance in the SCN1A gene of a proband presented with febrile status epilepticus characterized by generalized tonic clonic movements associated with ictal emesis and an abnormal breathing pattern. Screening a gene panel revealed a heterozygous missense variant of uncertain significance in the SCN1A gene, designated c.4379A>G, p.(Tyr1460Cys). The NaV1.1 wild-type (WT) and mutant channel reproduced in vivo and were transfected in HEK 293 cells. Na+ currents were recorded using the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. This NaV1.1 variant (Tyr1460Cys) failed to express functional Na+ currents when expressed in HEK293 cells, most probably due to a pore defect of the channel given that the cell surface expression of the channel was normal. Currents generated after co-transfection with functional WT channels exhibited biophysical properties comparable to those of WT channels, which was mainly due to the functional WT channels at the cell surface. The NaV1.1 variant failed to express functional Na+ currents, most probably due to pore impairment and exhibited a well-established loss of function mechanism. The present study highlights the added-value of functional testing for understanding the pathophysiology and potential treatment decisions for patients with undiagnosed developmental epileptic encephalopathy.
Tailoring the active site for the oxygen evolution reaction on a Pt electrode
Authors: Iizuka Kazuki , Kumeda Tomoaki , Suzuki Kota , Tajiri Hiroo , Sakata Osami , Hoshi Nagahiro , Nakamura Masashi
Published: October 2022

Highly active electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are essential to improve the efficiency of water electrolysis. The properties of OER active sites on single-crystal Pt electrodes were examined herein. The OER is markedly enhanced by repeated oxidative and reductive potential cycles on the Pt(111) surface. The OER activity on Pt(111) is nine times higher in the third cycle than that before the potential cycles. OER activation by potential cycling depends on the (111) terrace width, with wider (111) terraces significantly enhancing the OER. The oxidation/reduction of the Pt(111) surface produces atomic-sized vacancies on the terraces that activate the OER. Structural analysis using X-ray diffraction reveals that the active sites formed by potential cycling are defects in the second subsurface Pt layer. Potential cycling induces the bowl-shaped roughening of the electrode surface, wherein high-coordination number Pt atoms at the bottom of the cavities activate the OER.
Influence of the first-mover advantage on the gender disparities in physics citations
Authors: Kong Hyunsik , Martin-Gutierrez Samuel , Karimi Fariba
Published: October 2022

Mounting evidence suggests that science and engineering fields suffer from gender biases. In this paper, we study the physics community, a discipline where women are still under-represented and gender disparities persist. To reveal such inequalities, we perform a paper matching analysis using a robust statistical similarity metric. Our analyses indicate that women’s papers tend to have lower visibility in the global citation network, a phenomenon significantly influenced by the temporal aspects of scientific production. Within pairs of similar papers, the authors that publish first tend to obtain more citations. From the group perspective, men have cumulative historical advantages due to women joining the field later and at a slower rate. Altogether, these results indicate that the first-mover advantage plays a crucial role in the emergence of gender disparities in citations of women-authored papers in the physics community.
High-accuracy determination of trace elements by total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry using freeze-dried specimens
Authors: Matsuyama Tsugufumi , Tanaka Yudai , Nakae Masanori , Furusato Takumi , Tsuji Kouichi
Published: October 2022

To prepare the spread residue, the freeze-drying method is introduced to total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) analysis.
Correction: A microfluidic electrochemical sensing platform for in situ detection of trace cadmium ions
Authors: Yuan Yang , Jia Hui , Wang Jie
Published: October 2022

Correction for ‘A microfluidic electrochemical sensing platform for in situ detection of trace cadmium ions’ by Yang Yuan et al., Anal. Methods, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ay01016j.
Efficient deep red/near-infrared thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters via molecular reconstruction: theoretical insights
Authors: Zhang Kai , Cai Lei , Fan Jianzhong , Song Yuzhi , Lin Lili , Wang Chuan-Kui
Published: October 2022

Molecular bonding and molecular fusion can achieve an effective red-shift of intrinsic emission and efficient DR and NIR emission.
Correction: Synthesis of porous Fe3O4 hollow microspheres/graphene oxide composite for Cr(vi) removal
Authors: Liu Mancheng , Wen Tao , Wu Xilin , Chen Changlun , Hu Jun , Li Jie , Wang Xiangke
Published: October 2022

Correction for ‘Synthesis of porous Fe3O4 hollow microspheres/graphene oxide composite for Cr(vi) removal’ by Mancheng Liu et al., Dalton Trans., 2013, 42, 14710–14717, https://doi.org/10.1039/C3DT50955A.
Exploring curriculum adoption of green and sustainable chemistry in undergraduate organic chemistry courses: results from a national survey in the United States
Authors: Grieger Krystal , Hill Brent , Leontyev Alexey
Published: October 2022

This study investigated the integration of sustainable chemistry as well as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and planetary boundaries into the organic chemistry curriculum through a national survey of organic chemistry instructors within the United States.
High spatial resolution and precision NanoSIMS for sulfur isotope analysis
Authors: Chen Youwei , Xie Zhuojun , Dong Shaohua , Lei Quanliang , Gao Jianfeng
Published: October 2022

The developed method can be used for analyzing the δ34S of pyrite samples with a limited analyzable region (>1 × 1 μm2) with high precision in nano-scale secondary ion mass spectroscopy.
Challenges of grazing emission X-ray fluorescence (GEXRF) for the characterization of advanced nanostructured surfaces
Authors: Skroblin Dieter , Fernández Herrero Analía , Siefke Thomas , Nikolaev Konstantin , Andrle Anna , Hönicke Philipp , Kayser Yves , Krumrey Michael , Gollwitzer Christian , Soltwisch Victor
Published: October 2022

We are investigating the potential of the grazing emission X-ray fluorescence (GEXRF) technique to determine the spatial distribution of different chemical elements in periodic nanostructures.
Enhancing the catalytic OER performance of MoS2 via Fe and Co doping
Authors: Sathiyan Krishnamoorthy , Mondal Totan , Mukherjee Poulami , Patra Shanti Gopal , Pitussi Itay , Kornweitz Haya , Bar-Ziv Ronen , Zidki Tomer
Published: October 2022

Co-doping MoS2 nanosheets with Fe and Co atoms induces electronic and structural modifications that enhance the sluggish OER activity of the MoS2 catalyst.
Anisotropic photoresponse behavior of a LaAlO3 single-crystal-based vacuum-ultraviolet photodetector
Authors: Sun Xiyu , Wang Danhao , Memon Muhammad Hunain , Zhu Siqi , Yu Huabin , Wang Hongxuan , Fang Shi , Kang Yang , Liu Xin , Luo Yuanmin , Zhang Haochen , Luo Dongyang , Sun Haiding
Published: October 2022

A vacuum ultraviolet photodetector made of ultrawide bandgap semiconductor LaAlO3 demonstrates an anisotropic photo response behavior under 185 nm light illumination via the precise regulation of the crystal orientations at (100), (110), (111) plane.
Prediction of the electronic structure of single-walled GeS nanotubes
Authors: Yu Deyang , Ku Ruiqi , Hu Yangyang , Wei Yadong , Zhu Cuancuan , Liu Zhongli , Zhang Guiling , Li Weiqi , Yang Jianqun , Li Xingji
Published: October 2022

The structure and electronic properties of single-walled GeS nanotubes have been studied by the atomic first principles method.
Theoretical prediction and design for chalcogenide-quantum-dot/TiO2 heterojunctions for solar cell applications
Authors: Shen Kangqi , Saranya Govindarajan , Chen Mingyang
Published: October 2022

By comparing the photoelectric properties and structural stability of a series quantum dot solar cells, a new type of hybrid heterojunction solar cell is presented.
Enhancing the compatibility of BioCaRGOS silica sol-gel technology with ctDNA extraction and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) analysis
Authors: Potnis Chinmay S. , Chauhan Rajat , Kalbfleisch Theodore S. , Alexander Evan , Eichhold Lindsay , Bansal Meenakshi , Grapperhaus Craig A. , Keynton Robert S. , Linder Mark W. , Gupta Gautam
Published: October 2022

Schematic of ctDNA encapsulation in BioCaRGOS followed by release using invert syringe filtration to eliminate silica interference and enhance the biocompatibility of BioCaRGOS in ddPCR is shown.
Development of a flow process for an easy and fast access to 2-pyrone derivatives
Authors: Righetti Grazia Isa C. , Tentori Francesca , Brenna Elisabetta , Gambarotti Cristian
Published: October 2022

Continuous flow synthesis of 3-hydroxy-2-pyrone from galactaric acid.
Canine parvovirus 2 detection using a LSPR biosensing method with gold nanoparticles
Authors: Yamakawa Ana Carolina , Basso Caroline Rodrigues , Pedrosa Valber de Albuquerque , Araújo Júnior João Pessoa
Published: October 2022

A new, fast and inexpensive promising AuNP protocol based on antibody deposition to detect canine parvovirus 2 from stool samples.
Insights into sustainable aerogels from lignocellulosic materials
Authors: Nguyen Hoang S. H. , Huynh Ha Ky Phuong , Nguyen Son Truong , Nguyen Van T. T. , Nguyen Tuan-Anh , Phan Anh N.
Published: October 2022

Aerogels have been considered to be revolutionary solid-state materials due to their highly porous structure, low density, large surface area, and low thermal conductivity, which can be applied in the many modern fields of industry.
Controlled electropositive catalytic sites on zeolites for achieving high CH3Cl selectivity via electrophilic CH4 chlorination using Cl2
Authors: Choi Yuyeol , Park Sunghyun , Kwon Seungdon , Ko Kyoung Chul , Na Kyungsu
Published: October 2022

ZnHY zeolite achieved nearly 100% CH3Cl selectivity during CH4 chlorination, which is interpreted with catalysis descriptors proposed by DFT studies.
Multi‐modal fusion method for human action recognition based on IALC
Authors: Zhang Yinhuan , Xiao Qinkun , Liu Xing , Wei Yongquan , Chu Chaoqin , Xue Jingyun
Published: October 2022

In occlusion and interaction scenarios, human action recognition (HAR) accuracy is low. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel multi‐modal fusion framework for HAR. In this framework, a module called improved attention long short‐term memory (IAL) is proposed, which combines the improved SE‐ResNet50 (ISE‐ResNet50) with long short‐term memory (LSTM). IAL can extract the video sequence features and the skeleton sequence features of human behaviour. To improve the performance of HAR at a high semantic level, the obtained multi‐modal sequence features are fed into a couple hidden Markov model (CHMM), and a multi‐modal IAL+CHMM method called IALC is developed based on a probability graph model. To test the performance of the proposed method, experiments are conducted on the HMDB51, UCF101, Kinetics 400k, and ActivityNet datasets, and the obtained recognition accuracy are 86.40%, 97.78%, 81.12%, and 69.36% on the four datasets, respectively. The experimental results show that when the environment is complex, the proposed multi‐modal fusion method for HAR based on the IALC can achieve more accurate target recognition results.
Dynamic convolutional capsule network for In‐loop filtering in HEVC video codec
Authors: Su LiChao , Cao Mengqing , Yu Yue , Chen Jian , Yang XiuZhi , Wu Dapeng
Published: October 2022

Recently, several in‐loop filtering algorithms based on convolutional neural network (CNN) have been proposed to improve the efficiency of HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding). Conventional CNN‐based filters only apply a single model to the whole image, which cannot adapt well to all local features from the image. To solve this problem, an in‐loop filtering algorithm based on a dynamic convolutional capsule network (DCC‐net) is proposed, which embeds localized dynamic routing and dynamic segmentation algorithms into capsule network, and integrate them into the HEVC hybrid video coding framework as a new in‐loop filter. The proposed method brings average 7.9% and 5.9% BD‐BR reductions under all intra (AI) and random access (RA) configurations, respectively, as well as, 0.4 dB and 0.2 dB BD‐PSNR gains, respectively. In addition, the proposed algorithm has an outstanding performance in terms of time efficiency.
Multiple auxiliary classifiers GAN for controllable image generation: Application to license plate recognition
Authors: Shvai Nadiya , Hasnat Abul , Nakib Amir
Published: October 2022

One of the main challenges in developing machine learning (ML) applications is the lack of labeled and balanced datasets. In the literature, different techniques tackle this problem via augmentation, rendering, and over‐sampling. Still, these methods produce datasets that appear less natural, exhibit poor balance, and have less variation. One potential solution is to leverage the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) which achieves remarkable results in the generation of high‐fidelity natural images. However, expanding the ability of GANs' to control generated image attributes with supervisory information remains a challenge. This research aims to propose an efficient method to generate high‐fidelity natural images with total control of its main attributes. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel Multiple Auxiliary Classifiers GAN (MAC‐GAN) framework based on Auxiliary Classifier GAN (AC‐GAN), multi‐conditioning, Wasserstein distance, gradient penalty, and dynamic loss. It is therefore presented as an efficient solution for highly controllable image synthesis red that allows to enrich and re‐balance datasets beyond data augmentation. Furthermore, the effectiveness of MAC‐GAN images on a target ML application called Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR) under limited resource constraints is probed. The improvement achieved is over 5% accuracy, which is mainly due to the ability of the MAC‐GAN to create a balanced dataset with controllable synthesis and produce multiple (different) images with the same attributes, thus increasing the variation of the dataset in a more elaborate way than data augmentation techniques.
Bi-directional spectral broadening measurements for accurate characterisation of nonlinear hybrid integrated waveguides
Authors: Dyatlov Mikhail , Delaye Philippe , Vivien Laurent , Dubreuil Nicolas
Published: October 2022

The emerging interest in integrated optical technologies raises the need for precise characterisation techniques for waveguides presenting nonlinearities. Here we propose a non-interferometric measurement to accurately characterise the Kerr contribution in hybrid waveguides and illustrate its performances using SiN waveguides with a GSS chalcogenide top-layer. The sensitivity of our technique in terms of nonlinear phase reaches 10 mrad and its accuracy makes possible to extract the nonlinear contributions from the top-layer.
Computation of aberration coefficients for plane-symmetric reflective optical systems using Lie algebraic methods
Authors: Barion Antonio , Anthonissen Martijn J. H. , ten Thije Boonkkamp Jan H. M. , IJzerman Wilbert L.
Published: October 2022

The Lie algebraic method offers a systematic way to find aberration coefficients of any order for plane-symmetric reflective optical systems. The coefficients derived from the Lie method are in closed form and solely depend on the geometry of the optical system. We investigate and verify the results for a single reflector. The concatenation of multiple mirrors follows from the mathematical framework.
Design of optical surfaces conform the hyperbolic Monge-Ampère equation
Authors: Bertens M.W.M.C. , Anthonissen M.J.H. , IJzerman W.L. , ten Thije Boonkkamp J.H.M.
Published: October 2022

We present a method for designing freeform optical surfaces for illumination optics. By the laws of reflection, refraction and conservation of energy, a fully nonlinear PDE, the Monge-Ampere equation, is derived for the optical surface. By the edge ray principle a transport boundary condition is obtained. We solve the hyperbolic variant of the PDE using a least-squares method, resulting in optical saddle surfaces for a parallel source and far-field target.
A discontinuous Galerkin method to solve Liouville’s equation of geometrical optics
Authors: van Gestel Robert A.M. , Anthonissen Martijn J.H. , ten Thije Boonkkamp Jan H.M. , IJzerman Wilbert L.
Published: October 2022

We present an alternative method to ray tracing that is based on a phase space description of light propagation. Liouville’s equation of geometrical optics describes the evolution of the basic luminance on phase space. At an optical interface, the laws of optics describe non-local boundary conditions for the basic luminance. A discontinuous Galerkin method is employed to solve Liouville’s equation for a dielectric total internal reflection concentrator.
Irradiance tailoring with multiple sources using B-spline refinement
Authors: Heemels Alexander , Adam Aurèle , Urbach Paul
Published: October 2022

To increase the irradiance generated by an illumination system, multiple sub-systems, each generating their own irradiance distribution can be used. We propose a method using B-spline refinement to find the irradiance distribution that a single sub-system produces, so a desired irradiance distribution is obtained using multiple sub-systems.
Planarization of Lithium Niobate Surface Using a Thin Film Catalyst in Pure Water
Authors: Van Bui Pho , Toh Daisetsu , Kanaoka Masahiko , Okada Hiromi , Matsuyama Satoshi , Yamauchi Kazuto , Sano Yasuhisa
Published: October 2022

A catalytically assisted etching method, named Catalyst-Referred Etching (CARE) was applied to the planarization of Lithium Niobate (LN) surface, which is widely used for optical waveguides, optical modulators, piezoelectric applications. The study demonstrates that an atomically smooth surface with less than 0.1 nm root-mean-square roughness could be achieved on a LN substrate using a thin metal film and pure water as the catalyst and etching solution, respectively. All residual stress and surface damage could be removed completely thanks to the removal mechanism of CARE.
Dynamic optimization of optical design process by means of producibility modulations
Authors: Resnik O. , Faehnle O. , Arazi Y.
Published: October 2022

In this paper, PanDao is used dynamically in the early stage of the optical design process so
that manufacturability aspects can be considered during the process.
Engineering high Q/V photonic modes in correlated disordered systems
Authors: Granchi Nicoletta , Spalding Richard , Stokkereit Kris , Lodde Matteo , Fiore Andrea , Sapienza Riccardo , Intonti Francesca , Florescu Marian , Gurioli Massimo
Published: October 2022

Hyperuniform disordered (HuD) photonic materials have recently been shown to display several localized states with relatively high Q factors. However, their spatial position is not predictable a priori. Here we experimentally benchmark through near-field spectroscopy the engineering of high Q/V resonant modes in a defect inside a HuD pattern. These deterministic modes, coexisting with Anderson-localized modes, are a valid candidate for implementations in optoelectronic devices due to the spatial isotropy of the HuD environment upon which they are built.
Controlling chromaticity by lamellar gratings
Authors: Ichikawa Hiroyuki , Arita Naoki , Shikimi Keigo , Maeda Kei , Tani Ryunosuke
Published: October 2022

Fundamental numerical study on controlling chromaticity with the simplest diffractive structure is carried out. Observed various characteristics on transmission/reflection and dielectric/metal will be useful guidelines for practical optimisation of device structures.
Controlling resonant surface modes by arbitrary light induced optical anisotropies
Authors: Marcucci Niccolò , Zambito Giorgio , Giordano Maria Caterina , Buatier de Mongeot Francesco , Descrovi Emiliano
Published: October 2022

In this work the sensitivity of Bloch Surface Waves to laser-induced anisotropy of azo-polymeric thin layers is expe rimentally shown . The nanoscale reshaping of the films via thermal-Scanning Probe Lithography allows to couple light to circular photonic nanocavities, tailoring on-demand resonant BSW confined within the nanocavity.
Switchable optics based on guided mode resonance in lithographically patterned vanadium dioxide
Authors: Walther Markus , Siefke Thomas , Gerold Kristin , Zeitner Uwe D.
Published: October 2022

Vanadium dioxide as a phase change material is usually known for its consideration in smart window applications. However, the attention shifts to using it in actively switched optical elements. The main challenges are the deposition of vanadium dioxide with the correct stoichiometry and phase and the patterning of the material. We propose a design with a corresponding manufacturing process for an actively switchable reflector at 1550 nm wavelength with a contrast near 105 by using the thermochromic effect of vanadium dioxide. The reflectance of the proposed optical element can be controlled between an ultra-low and a high reflecting state. We elaborate on the proposed optical design, the manufacturing process including deposition, annealing and patterning processes, and discuss already achieved results.
Quantum levitation of photonic structures
Authors: Carretero-Palacios Sol
Published: October 2022

The Casimir-Lifshitz force originates from the quantum vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. This force is especially intense between interacting objects at nanoscale distances, and it can be attractive or repulsive depending on the optical properties of the materials (amongst other parameters). This fundamental phenomenon is at the heart of the malfunctioning of nano- and micro-electromechanical devices (NEMS and MEMS) that integrate many of the gadgets we use in our daily lives. Absolute control over these forces would make it possible to suppress adhesion and friction in these NEMs and MEMs. Here, we will show the possibility of controlling the Casimir-Lifshitz force by tuning the optical properties of the interacting objects. Specifically, we will present diverse examples of quantum levitation based on the Casimir-Lifshitz force of self-standing thin films comprising multilayer structures and films with spatial inhomogeneities (caused by imperfections, pores, inclusions, density variations, etc).
Mid-infrared narrowband polarization management with Al doped ZnO-ZnWO4 eutectic composites
Authors: Centini Marco , Larciprete Maria Cristina , Sibilia Concita , Pawlak Dorota. A.
Published: October 2022

We report a narrowband polarization-dependent reflectivity from Al-doped ZnO/ZnWO4 self-assembled eutectic composites in the mid-infrared range. Our results show a reflectivity modulation from 0.05 to 0.75 for two orthogonal polarizations of the incident field with a 10% Al concentration. Acting as natural polarizing filters these eutectic composites could open the way to the future development of low-cost photonics components in the IR.
Pulse self-compression down to the sub-cycle regime in hollow capillary fibers with decreasing pressure gradients
Authors: Fernández Galán Marina , Conejero Jarque Enrique , San Roman Julio
Published: October 2022

We theoretically demonstrate an enhancement in the generation of clean, near-infrared sub-cycle laser pulses by soliton self-compression in gas-filled hollow capillary fibers using decreasing pressure gradients. Furthermore, we identify the optimal input parameters for high quality compression and the main advantages of this promising technique which paves the way towards ultrafast vacuum experiments.
Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion from GaAs Nanowires at Telecom Wavelength
Authors: Saerens Grégoire , Duong Ngoc My Hanh , Solntsev Alexander S. , Karvounis Artemios , Dursap Thomas , Regreny Philippe , Morandi Andrea , Chapman Robert J. , Maeder Andreas , Danescu Alexandre , Penuelas José , Chauvin Nicolas , Grange Rachel
Published: October 2022

We report on the generation of photon pairs at 1550 nm from free-standing epitaxially grown self-assisted micrometre long GaAs nanowires. The efficiency of the spontaneous parametric down-conversion process has a rate of 320 GHz/Wm normalized to the transmission of the setup, the pump intensity, and the volume of the nanostructure. GaAs is a high index dielectric that can support electromagnetic Mie modes, therefore we model how shorter nanowires could improve the second-harmonic signal and we found that sub-micro long nanowires (600 nm length and 250 nm diameter) can support quality factors up to 15 at the pump wavelength (780 nm). We anticipate that the near field enhancement compared to micrometre long nanowires will boost the second-harmonic generation and, correspondingly, the biphoton rate efficiency.
Single atom photon pair source
Authors: Volz Jürgen , Hu Xinxin , Maron Gabriele , Masters Luke , Pache Lucas , Rauschenbeutel Arno
Published: October 2022

Sources of entangled photon pairs are a crucial ingredient for many applications in quantum information and communication. Of particular interest are narrow-band sources with bandwidths that are compatible with solid state systems such as atomic media for storage and manipulation of the photons. Here, we experimentally realize a source of energy-time entangled photon pairs where the photons pairs are generated by scattering light from a single two-level atom and separated from the coherently scattered light via a narrow-band filter. We verify the performance of our pair-source by measuring the second order correlation function of the atomic fluorescence and we observe that one can continuously tune the photon statistics of the atomic fluorescence from perfect photon anti-bunching to strong photon bunching expected for a photon pair source. Our experiment demonstrates a novel way to realize a photon pair source for photons with spectral bandwidths and resonance frequencies that are inherently compatible with atomic media.
Light emission from color centers in phosphorus-doped diamond
Authors: Sledz Florian , Flatae Assegid M. , Lagomarsino Stefano , Piccolomo Savino , Nicley Shannon S. , Haenen Ken , Rechenberg Robert , Becker Michael F. , Sciortino Silvio , Gelli Nicla , Giuntini Lorenzo , Speranza Giorgio , Agio Mario
Published: October 2022

Light emission from color centers in diamond is being extensively investigated for developing, among other quantum devices, single-photon sources operating at room temperature. By doping diamond with phosphorus, one obtains an n-type semiconductor, which can be exploited for the electrical excitation of color centers. Here, we discuss the optical properties of color centers in phosphorus-doped diamond, especially the silicon-vacancy center, presenting the single-photon emission characteristics and the temperature dependence aiming for electroluminescent single-photon emitting devices.
Hybrid optical measurement technique for detection of defects in epitaxially grown 4H-SiC layers
Authors: Ermilova Elena , Weise Matthias , Hertwig Andreas
Published: October 2022

Recent developments in power electronics require the use of new wide bandgap compound semiconductor. We demonstrate the use of the ellipsometry and white light interference microscopy to detect defects in epitaxially grown SiC layers on SiC substrates. Such hybrid optical metrology methods can be used to better understand the mechanism of the development of the defects as well as their effects on the material´s optoelectronic properties.
Elementary, my dear Zernike: model order reduction for accelerating optical dimensional microscopy
Authors: Manley Phillip , Krüger Jan , Zschiedrich Lin , Hammerschmidt Martin , Bodermann Bernd , Köning Rainer , Schneider Philipp-Immanuel
Published: October 2022

Dimensional microscopy is an essential tool for non-destructive and fast inspection of manufacturing processes. Standard approaches process only the measured images. By modelling the imaged structure and solving an inverse problem, the uncertainty on dimensional estimates can be reduced by orders of magnitude. At the same time, the inverse problem needs to be solved in a timely manner. Here we present a method of accelerating the inverse problem by reducing images to their elementary features, thereby extracting the relevant information and distinguishing it from noise. The resulting reduction in complexity allows the inverse problem to be solved more efficiently by utilize cutting edge machine learning based optimization techniques. By employing the techniques presented here, we are able to perform for highly accurate and fast dimensional microscopy.
Fabrication influences on a miniaturised stokes polarimeter consisting of stacked nano-optical wire grid polarizer and retarders
Authors: Siefke Thomas , Walther Markus , Stock Carsten , Zeitner Uwe D.
Published: October 2022

The polarization properties of light can be fully controlled with nano-optical wire grid polarizers and artificial birefringent grating structures. We demonstrate an integrated polarimeter based on stacked layers of such elements. However, the optical performance of such elements is fundamentally limited and may be further altered by deviations arising from the fabrication processes. In this contribution we investigate the influences on the polarimetry performance for such a device.
Multi-beam Coherent Fourier Scatterometry
Authors: Soman Sarika , Pereira Silvania
Published: October 2022

Recent technological advancements in the past decades have been driven by the miniaturisation of devices using surfaces with nano-scale features. These advancements require fast, large area measurement techniques that can be used in process control to detect surface contaminations or to monitor fabrication quality. Here we present a modified version of the scanning coherent Fourier scatterometer with multiple beams that can be used to scan larger areas without increasing the scan time or decreasing the spatial resolution.
Low Divergence Structured Beam In View Of Precise Long-Range Alignment
Authors: Sulc Miroslav , Gayde Jean-Christophe
Published: October 2022

A new method of generation of a Structured Laser Beam (SLB) with non-diverging central core was proposed and is promising for creating long distance multipoint alignment systems. This beam is generated by a set-up consisting of two convex lenses in Kepler telescope arrangement. The first one is a high refractive index ball lens, second one is a standard lens. The beam, in cross-section consisting of light and dark concentric circles, propagates over a large distance. The central core of the SLB has a very small divergence which can be tuned. A divergence of 10 μrad was proven experimentally. In this experiment, the small initial beam core diameter of 10 μm, and its diameter of 1.5 mm at a distance of 150 m, show its ability for use as a multipoint fiducial reference line. This small beam divergence seemingly lies beyond the diffraction limit for laser beams.
Study of laser induced temperature variation in silica nanofibers
Authors: Abdedou Yanis , Besbes Mondher , Delaye Philippe , Lebrun Sylvie , Beugnot Jean-Charles , Chrétien Jacques , Romanet Maxime , Colombel Simon , Salvi Jérôme , Zerbib Maxime , Phan Huy Kien
Published: October 2022

After presenting a theoretical modelling based on the heat equation, we show two different experiments to measure the laser induced temperature variation in silica nanofibers in air, a direct one and an indirect one based on Brillouin scattering, leading to an estimated value of the convective parameter h.
Trapping a single atom in the evanescent field of a WGM-resonator
Authors: Maron Gabriele , Hu Xinxin , Masters Luke , Pache Lucas , Scheucher Michael , Will Elisa , Volz Jürgen , Rauschenbeutel Arno
Published: October 2022

We demonstrate the trapping of single atoms in the evanescent field of a whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonator with a standing wave optical dipole trap. We present our progress towards an improved trap loading scheme.
Non-Reciprocal Amplification of Light Using Cold Atoms Coupled to an Optical Nanofiber
Authors: Pucher Sebastian , Liedl Christian , Jin Shuwei , Rauschenbeutel Arno , Schneeweiss Philipp
Published: October 2022

Optical nanofibers realized as the waist of tapered silica fibers can be used to trap and optically interface laser-cooled atoms. Building on this system, we experimentally show a novel scheme for the nonreciprocal Raman amplification of light. While typically either the magneto-optical effect, a temporal modulation or an optical nonlinearity is employed to break reciprocity, in our approach, this results from the spin of the atoms forming the gain medium. By taking advantage of the inherent spin-momentum locking present in optical nanofibers, we perform an experiment in which we set the amplification direction by a suitable preparation of the atomic spin state. Our approach is general and, suitable quantum emitters provided, could also be implemented beyond the optical domain of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Deformation and shapping of optically trapped microdroplets: an ab-initio numerical study
Authors: Chesneau Hugo , Chraibi Hamza , Delville Jean-Pierre
Published: October 2022

We numerically study the deformation of optically trapped microdroplets with the optical radiation pressure using a house-made code based on the boundary elements method. Particular attention is paid to coupling between the electromagnetic waves propagation within the droplets and the resulting droplets mor­phologies.
Secure key distribution using an ultra-long fiber laser with bi-directional EDFA
Authors: Soares Beatriz , Guerreiro Ariel , Frazão Orlando
Published: October 2022

In this paper we describe the implementation of a secure key distribution system based on an ultra-long fiber laser with a bi-directional erbium doped fiber amplifier. The resilience of the system was tested against passive attacks from an eavesdropper, having been observed a similarity in spectrum for both secure configurations of the system.
Novel ultrafast structured EUV/x-ray sources from nonlinear optics
Authors: Hernández-García Carlos
Published: October 2022

Coherent extreme-ultraviolet (EUV)/x-ray laser sources, structured in their temporal/spectral, spatial and angular momentum properties are emerging as unique tools to probe the nanoworld. One of the key ingredients for the emergence of such sources is the extraordinary coherence in the up-conversion of infrared laser sources through the highly nonlinear process of high-order harmonic generation. In this contribution we will review the advances during the last decade that led to the generation of structured EUV/xray sources, such as circularly polarized attosecond pulses, harmonic vortices with time-varying orbital angular momentum, ultrafast vector and vector/vortex beams, tunable high-order harmonic combs or attosecond pulse trains with time-dependent polarization states. The use of such sources is being already applied to the investigation of chiral matter or magnetic materials. In the latter case, structured ultrafast sources are very promising to achieve a complete understanding of the electronic and spin interactions that govern sub-femtosecond magnetization dynamics.
Ultraestable spatiotemporal characterization of optical vortices in the visible and near infrared
Authors: López-Ripa Miguel , Sola Íñigo J. , Alonso Benjamín
Published: October 2022

We show the versatility of the bulk lateral shearing interferometer characterizing complex spatiotemporal structures in different spectral ranges. Specifically, we have characterized constant and timevarying optical vortices in the visible and near infrared spectral ranges respectively. The high stability of the system combined with its spectral versatility will ease the spatiotemporal characterization of ultrafast phenomena.
Controlling water-window high-harmonic generation with sub-cycle synthesized waveforms
Authors: Rossi Giulio Maria , Mainz Roland E. , Scheiba Fabian , Silva-Toledo Miguel A. , Kubullek Maximilian , Kärtner Franz X.
Published: October 2022

We present the first results concerning synthesizer-driven high-harmonic generation that reach the water-window region. This approach holds the promise of offering greater spectral tunability in the generation of isolated attosecond pulses and at the same time of achieving higher photon-flux, required for attosecondresolved soft X-ray transient absorption experiments.
Unravelling an optical extreme learning machine
Authors: Silva Duarte , Silva Nuno A. , Ferreira Tiago D. , Rosa Carla C. , Guerreiro Ariel
Published: October 2022

Extreme learning machines (ELMs) are a versatile machine learning technique that can be seamlessly implemented with optical systems. In short, they can be described as a network of hidden neurons with random fixed weights and biases, that generate a complex behaviour in response to an input. Yet, despite the success of the physical implementations of ELMs, there is still a lack of fundamental understanding about their optical implementations. This work makes use of an optical complex media to implement an ELM and introduce an ab-initio theoretical framework to support the experimental implementation. We validate the proposed framework, in particular, by exploring the correlation between the rank of the outputs, H, and its generalization capability, thus shedding new light into the inner workings of optical ELMs and opening paths towards future technological implementations of similar principles.
Research on the enhancement of machine fault evaluation model based on data-driven
Authors: Cui Peng , Luo Xuan , Li Xiaobang , Luo Xinyu
Published: October 2022

Recently fault data diagnosis-based deep learning methods have achieved promising results. However, most of these methods' performances are difficult to improve once they have achieved accuracy. This paper mainly uses fusion theory based on data-driven to solve this problem. Firstly, the diagnostic models are divided into feature extraction and neural network. Then, four feature extraction methods are fused by pre-allocation. The neural network part consists of three single models, and the weight of the three output results is determined by regression analysis. Experiments show that the accuracy of diagnostic models is improved. Finally, we combine the two studies and propose a Fusion-Ensemble superposition (FES) model. The AUC value of the model is higher than 98% in most tasks of the DCASE2020 machine failure dataset.
Avons-nous trop de médecins en France ?
Authors: Burdillat Martine
Published: October 2022

Alors que les médecins n’ont jamais été aussi nombreux qu’aujourd’hui, la « crise de la
démographie médicale » retient l’attention publique. Deux raisons principales peuvent expliquer ce
paradoxe. Tout d’abord la densité médicale amorce une décroissance qui devrait se prolonger
pendant une dizaine d’années. La forte densité médicale actuelle masque ensuite des disparités
criantes, entre les territoires et entre les différents métiers médicaux. En outre, ces perspectives
s’annoncent dans un contexte qui voit s’affirmer la question des inégalités d’accès aux soins, en
particulier dans leur dimension financière.
Comment observer la santé des individus à l’échelle d’une population ?
Authors: Beltzer Nathalie , Zouary Patrick
Published: October 2022

Les enquêtes transversales permettent de décrire l’état de santé d’une population à un moment
précis, en recueillant des données sanitaires, des données socio-démographiques et des données
sur l’exposition à des facteurs de risque. Ces enquêtes sont réalisées à partir d’un échantillon de
population qui doit être le plus représentatif possible de la population étudiée, afin de pouvoir
généraliser les résultats obtenus. Pour construire une enquête transversale, il faut choisir une
base de sondage, une méthode d’échantillonnage et un mode de recueil des données, et ces choix
vont influer sur la validité des résultats. Les enquêtes transversales auprès d’un échantillon
représentatif de la population constituent des outils indispensables capables de mettre en lumière
des points faibles du système de santé, et de fournir une aide à la décision pour la mise en place
des mesures destinées à améliorer la prévention ou la prise en charge de la santé.
Vers un programme national de recherche en santé publique : Quelles perspectives pour la recherche en santé publique ?
Authors: Chêne Geneviève , Alla François
Published: October 2022

La recherche en santé publique est une science de l’observation et de l’intervention. « Sont considérées
comme relevant du champ de la recherche en santé publique: l’ensemble des activités de recherche
reliées à la santé et au bien-être de la population et à leurs déterminants, qui visent la production,
l’intégration, la diffusion et l’application de connaissances scientifiques, valides et pertinentes à
l’exercice des fonctions de santé publique. » Par là même, le périmètre de la recherche en santé
publique suit l’évolution des concepts, champs et modes d’intervention de la santé publique.
Accompagnement des personnes handicapées : Dispositifs et modalités dans les établissements et services médico-sociaux
Authors: Rapegno Noémie , Ulrich Valérie
Published: October 2022

La CNSA, la DREES et l’IReSP ont organisé, en 2016-2017, un séminaire de réflexion sur les dispositifs
et modalités d’accompagnement des personnes handicapées afin de préparer un appel à projets de
recherche sur cette thématique. Ce séminaire a permis de faire le point sur l’évolution de l’offre
d’accompagnement dans le secteur médico-social, sur les logiques à l’œuvre et l’état de la recherche
dans ce domaine. L’offre médico-sociale comprend les établissements et services à destination des
enfants et adultes handicapés. Elle est actuellement en cours de transformation, notamment dans le
but de s’adapter au mieux aux besoins des personnes handicapées, quels que soit leur âge et leur
parcours. À cette fin, une meilleure connaissance des aspirations des personnes et des expériences
qu’elles vivent en matière d’accompagnement est nécessaire. Sur les territoires, la configuration de
l’offre d’établissements et de services est le fruit d’histoires institutionnelles singulières et de
spécificités géographiques. Sous l’impulsion des pouvoirs publics mais aussi de collectifs constitués
par les personnes handicapées et leurs familles, cette offre évolue, avec notamment le développement
des services d’accompagnement à domicile et l’émergence de nouvelles formes d’habitat qui se veulent
être une alternative aux établissements et au domicile. Ces mutations offrent des perspectives de
recherche diverses et stimulantes.
Développer la recherche en services de santé : Pour accompagner les changements (organisationnels) du système de santé
Authors: Benamouzig Daniel , Alla François
Published: October 2022

Les systèmes de santé européens sont confrontés à des transformations majeures des modes de prise
en charge, dans un contexte de développement des maladies chroniques et de vieillissement de la
population. Cette transition épidémiologique se double d’une transition organisationnelle et plus
largement sociale. Ces changements exigent de nouvelles connaissances et de nouvelles évaluations
plus précises des services de santé, souvent situées et comparatives. La recherche sur les services de
santé s’affirme comme un enjeu stratégique pour les années à venir.
EFSUMB Clinical Practice Guidelines for Point-of-Care Ultrasound: Part One (Common Heart and Pulmonary Applications) SHORT VERSION
Authors: Jarman Robert David , Colclough Anna , McDermott Cian , Bøtker Morten , Knudsen Lars , Harris Tim , Albaroudi Bilal , Albaroudi Omar , Haddad Mahmoud , Darke Robert , Berry Edward , Breslin Tomas , Fitzpatrick Gareth , Flanagan Leah , Olusanya Olusegun , Craver Dominic , Omar Adhnan , Simpson Thomas , Cherian Nishant , Dore Martin , Prosen Gregor , Kay Sharon , Villén-Villegas Tomás , Gargani Luna , Carley Simon , Woo Michael , Dupriez Florence , Hussain Arif , Via Gabriele , Connolly James Anthony , Peck Marcus , Melniker Larry , Walden Andrew , Attard Biancardi Mark Anthony , Żmijewska-Kaczor Olga , Lalande Elizabeth , Geukens Paul , McLaughlin Russell , Olszynski Paul , Hoffmann Beatrice , Chin Eric , Muhr Christopher , Kim Daniel J. , Mercieca Andre , Shukla Dharmesh , Hayward Simon , Smith Michael , Gaspari Romolo , Smallwood Nick , Pes Philippe , Tavazzi Guido , Corradi Francesco , Lambert Michael , Morris Craig , Trauer Michael , Baker Kylie , Bystrzycki Adam , Goudie Adrian , Liu Rachel , Rudd Lynne , Dietrich Christoph F. , Jenssen Christian , Sidhu Paul S.
Published: October 2022

Objective To evaluate the evidence and produce a summary and recommendations for the most common heart and lung point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS).

Methods We reviewed 10 clinical domains/questions related to common heart and lung applications of PoCUS. Following review of the evidence, a summary and recommendations were produced, including assigning levels of evidence (LoE) and grading of recommendation, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE). 38 international experts, the expert review group (ERG), were invited to review the evidence presented for each question. A level of agreement of over 75 % was required to progress to the next section. The ERG then reviewed and indicated their level of agreement of the summary and recommendation for each question (using a 5-point Likert scale), which was approved in the case of a level of agreement of greater than 75 %. A level of agreement was defined as a summary of “strongly agree” and “agree” on the Likert scale responses.

Findings and Recommendations One question achieved a strong consensus for an assigned LoE of 3 and a weak GRADE recommendation (question 1), the remaining 9 questions achieved broad agreement with an assigned LoE of 4 and a weak GRADE recommendation (question 2), three achieved an LoE of 3 with a weak GRADE recommendation (questions 3–5), three achieved an LoE of 3 with a strong GRADE recommendation (questions 6–8) and the remaining two were assigned an LoE of 2 with a strong GRADE recommendation (questions 9 and 10).

Conclusion These consensus-derived recommendations should aid clinical practice and highlight areas of further research for PoCUS in acute settings.