bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Frequency of Acid-Base Derangements Among the Neonates Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Hosain Ahmed , Mohsin Mohammad , Hussain Sharmin , Jasmine Tahsina , Alam Sarah , Rashid Muhammed Anisur , Sumi Sufia Khatun
Published: May 2023

Background: Every year deranged acid-base physiology drives admission to a critical care arena for a vast number of neonates. The neonatal intensive care unit is a fundamental sector for the survival of high-risk newborns. The acid-base disorder must always be considered in the clinical setting. The clinician should, in most cases, be able to predict the type of acid-base imbalance before the blood gas is available. Arterial blood gases (ABG-s) are the gold standard for assessing the adequacy of oxygen delivery, ventilation, and pH. This study aimed to assess the frequency of acid-base derangements among neonates admitted to the intensive care unit. Material & Methods: This was an observational cohort study that was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (I.C.U.) of Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from October 2009 to September 2010. In total 230 neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, after fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study as study subjects. For each baby, a detailed history was recorded in a questionnaire form (enclosed herewith) from the mother or other caregiver. It was filled up by the researcher himself containing history (including antenatal history), physical examinations and laboratory findings. Arterial blood gas analysis was done (in a clinical biochemistry laboratory using an automatic analyzer machine) for each neonate at admission and that report was recorded for this study. Results: Among the total study subjects, 127 newborn babies (55.2%) had acid-base imbalances. Mixed acidosis prevailed in the highest frequency (23.9%) Then metabolic acidosis cases were at 17.8% and respiratory acidosis was at 13.9%. Metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis were absent. Normal blood gas was observed in 44.3% of newborns. All the neonates with pH <7 were dead. After Chi-Square analysis (at df=1), we found a highly significant correlation between mortality outcome with pH <7.35, CO2 >45, HCO3 < 22 mol/l and Base deficit >-10. All modalities of acid-base imbalances were significantly associated with mortality. Conclusion: In this study, a significant number of neonates who were admitted to the intensive care unit, can develop acid-base derangement. Mixed acidosis was found in the highest frequency. Metabolic, respiratory and mixed acidosis all has a significant correlation with death in a NICU. Metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis were found absent at admission.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Breast Carcinoma and its Association with Expression of Estrogen Receptors, Progesterone Receptors and HER-2/neu and Molecular Subtypes
Authors: Jannat Shakila , Ahmed Moushumi , Syeed Sifat , Khatun Halima , Afroze Nazma
Published: May 2023

Background: The management of breast carcinoma depends on several molecular markers and tumor stages. In the last decades, estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and HER-2/neu have shown good therapeutic responses. Among other molecular markers, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is becoming more widely used as a prognostic indicator in patients with breast carcinoma. Anti-VEGF therapy already has been proven as an effective chemotherapeutic agent in some other carcinomas. The study aimed to find out the immunohistochemical expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in breast carcinoma and its possible correlation with the expression of ER, PR, and HER-2/neu and molecular subtypes to evaluate its prognostic value. Material & Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, from March 2018 to January 2020. In this study, 45 diagnosed cases of breast carcinoma were enrolled. Slides of all cases were stained with ER, PR, HER-2/neu, and VEGF antibodies following the avidin-biotin-peroxidase staining method. Results: Among 45 cases, 60% showed positive immunohistochemical expression of VEGF. Most of these cases (71.1%) were ER/PR positive. VEGF did not show a significant association with other molecular markers or molecular subtypes. Conclusion: Although, the potential prognostic value of VEGF has not been confirmed. Based on the findings of the current study, it can be assumed that VEGF plays an important role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. So, it may serve as a useful biomarker for immuno-targeting therapy in patients with breast cancer.
Ca-125: A Useful Marker to Distinguish Pulmonary Tuberculosis from Bacterial Pneumonia
Authors: Ferdous Tanzila , Miah Md. Titu , Yousuf Faisal Bin , Chowdhury Sayeda Moni , Quayum Sayat , Khan Nusrat Neherin
Published: May 2023

Background: Ca-125 is a large molecular-weight glycoprotein synthesized by different cells originating from the coelomic epithelium. Although classically it has been used to monitor the course of ovarian epithelial cancer, there are other established circumstances associated with high serum Ca -125 levels and pulmonary tuberculosis is one of them. Diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis, which is not bacteriologically positive often very challenging. Because many procedures are available for such cases but they are of limited use because some of them are lengthy or expensive or need sophisticated equipment, highly skilled personnel, etc. Serum CA-125 is a rapid, relatively inexpensive investigation. Objective: The present study aimed to assess the role of CA-125 in distinguishing pulmonary TB from bacterial pneumonia. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Hospital for the period of March 2018 to September 2020.100 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were taken in group I, and 100 bacterial pneumonia patients were taken in group II according to selection criteria. Informed written consent was taken from each of the participants. All were subjected to detail clinical and demographic history along with thorough physical examination. Relevant investigations were done including serum CA-125. All final data were collected in the semi-structured and pretested case record form. After data collection, data were checked for errors, and analysis was done. Results: In this study, the mean CA-125 value was 62.29 (SD±31.51) IU/mL in group I(pulmonary tuberculosis). In group II (bacterial pneumonia) mean value was 22.95(±8.25) IU/mL. The mean value of CA-125 was significantly higher (p-value <0.001) in group I patients compared to group II. About 59.0% of patients in group I had a high level of serum CA-125 which had a significant difference from group II (p<0.001). ROC analysis of CA-125 in the diagnosis of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis showed a cut-off value of ≥31.7 IU/mL had sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, PLR, NLR, and accuracy of 72%, 87%, 84.7%, 75.7%, 5.54%, 0.321%, and 79.5% respectively. Conclusion: This study’s findings stated that serum CA-125 may be a useful marker in distinguishing PTB from bacterial pneumonia. Therefore, further study with a more generalized study population is recommended.
Orbital Apex Syndrome – A Case Report
Authors: Sharma Aakanksha , Mohammed Neha , Bala Indu
Published: May 2023

Orbital apex syndrome is characterized by vision loss and ophthalmoplegia due to the involvement of the orbital apex. The signs and symptoms vary depending upon the involvement of the structures within the orbital apex, the superior orbital fissure or the cavernous sinus. Clinical evaluation is the key to the diagnosis which is aided by neuro-imaging modalities including brain and orbital Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography scans. In rare instances, a biopsy may be needed to aid in diagnosis. Treatment depends on what the nature of the lesion.
The Effectiveness of BISAP Score for the Diagnosis of Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Razzaq Azeen , Abdullah Muhammad Haroon , Zoak Zulquernain Ahmed , Yousuf Paras , Sh Aan-E-Arshad , Tariq Hajra
Published: May 2023

Background: The clinical profile of severity of acute pancreatitis ranges from modest pancreatic inflammation to an unusually fatal acute necrotizing pancreatitis rightly known as severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). For the evaluation of clinical spectrum of pancreatitis, a more accurate models that is also cost-effective is required. Here, we sought to evaluate the contribution BISAP scoring systems to the diagnosis of severe of acute pancreatitis by comparing it with CT severity index. Settings and duration: This observational study was carried out at medicine department, Jinnah hospital, Lahore from 16th July 2022 to 15th January 2023. Sampling: Patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis were registered. Acute pancreatitis was labelled based triad of classic epigastric pain, blood markers and imaging tool. BISAP score ≥3 was meant SAP and CT severity index for SAP included findings like necrosis and collection. Diagnostic accuracy was determined. Results: The patient's age ranged from 20 to 60 years with mean age of 36.41 + 9.362 years. The ratio of male to female participants was 2.3 to 1. For the diagnosis of SAP, the BISAP score's sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were each 95.8%, 55.2%, 85.2%, 83.3%, and 84.8%, respectively. Conclusion: Simple clinical tools like BISAP score could be helpful in diagnosing severe acute pancreatitis, precluding the need for expensive and technically complex imaging modalities. Keywords: Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), BISAP Score, Diagnostic accuracy
Clinical and Radiological Correlation of Spinal Tuberculosis
Authors: Ahmed Bashir , Mahmood Kauser , Omer Sanober , Tanveer Shehla , Ali Tooba , Habiba Syeda Umm-E-
Published: May 2023

Objective: The aim of this study is to establish a comprehensive understanding of the clinical and radiological features of spinal tuberculosis, and to evaluate their correlation in order to enhance diagnostic accuracy, management strategies, and patient outcomes. Study Design: This was a retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study. Place of Study: The research was conducted at the Department of Neuro-Sugery, Darul -Sehat Hospital and Neurology and Radiology Department of Creek General Hospital, both tertiary care hospital of Karachi. Duration of Study: Data were collected over a period of two years from January 2021 to December 2022. Methodology: A total of 120 patients diagnosed with spinal tuberculosis were included in this retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study.. Demographic data, clinical presentations, laboratory findings, and radiological findings were collected and analyzed. The radiological features were assessed using X-ray, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Statistical analysis was performed to identify correlations between clinical and radiological findings and their associations with patient outcomes. Results: The mean age of patients was 46.3 years, with a slight male predominance. The most common clinical manifestations were back pain (89.3%), neurological deficits (57.3%), and constitutional symptoms (45.3%). The thoracic spine was predominantly affected (61.3%), followed by the lumbar (28%) and cervical regions (10.7%). Radiological findings demonstrated vertebral destruction (90.7%), disc space narrowing (83.3%), paravertebral abscesses (76%), and epidural involvement (58%). A strong correlation was observed between the severity of clinical manifestations and the extent of radiological abnormalities. Patients with extensive vertebral destruction and spinal cord compression showed significantly higher rates of neurological deficits. Conclusion: This study highlights the crucial role of clinical and radiological correlation in the diagnosis and management of spinal tuberculosis. Early recognition of the disease, prompt initiation of appropriate treatment, and regular monitoring of clinical and radiological progress can significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce long-term complications. Keywords: spinal tuberculosis, clinical features, radiological features, correlation, diagnosis, management, prognosis.
Perceived Aetiology of Addiction and Stigmatizing Attitudes of Mental Health Professionals towards Substance Use Disorders Patients
Authors: Ishaq Sara , Khan Nashi , Khalid Faiza
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between aetiological beliefs and stigmatizing attitudes of mental health professionals towards substance use patients. It was hypothesized that bio-genetic causal attributions would have a positive relationship with stigmatizing attitudes whereas psycho- social causal attributions would have a negative relationship with stigmatizing attitudes. Method: Correlational research design and purposive sampling strategy was used to collect a sample of 100 mental health professionals (MHPs) both from government hospitals and private addiction centres. Results: Results showed that Bio- genetic causal attributions had a positive relationship with stereotypic attitudes, treatment pessimism and non- permissiveness, however, no significant relationship was observed with moralism and treatment intervention. Also, psycho- social causal attributions had a positive relationship with stereotypic attitudes and moralism whereas no significant relationship was present with treatment pessimism, non- permissiveness and treatment intervention. Conclusion: The study highlights the multifaceted nature of stigma therefore the importance of combined aetiological information in anti- stigma interventions and empirically informed curriculum to reduce stigmatizing attitudes of mental health professionals. Keywords: Perceived Aetiology, Therapeutic Attitudes, Stigmatizing Attitudes, Substance Use Disorders
Prevalence of Cerebellar Ataxia in Patients with Hypothyroidism
Authors: . Irfana , Kumar Aneel , Kokhar Iqra , Shah Aftab , Ansari Imdad Ali , Shaikh Bashir Ahmed
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cerebellar Ataxia in patients with hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods: The design of this study was cross sectional study design and this study was conducted in Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University, Larkana. This study was conducted in the duration of 6 months from July 2022–Dec 2022. Total 13 patients with hypothyroidism were enrolled. Routine blood investigation and Thyroid Function Tests were done for all patients. MRI was done for all patients in order to rule out demyelinating, vascular and structural causes of cerebellar ataxia. All the data was collected in predesigned questioner. Results: A total of 13 patients with mean age of 50.92±11.21 years were enrolled. Out of total, 69.2% patients were male and 30.8% patients were female. Clinical characteristics of enrolled patients are given in table 1-0. The mean and SD value of T3, T4 and TSH were 50.9±11.21, 2.80±0.63 and 77.30±10.57 respectively. The TPO antibodies test were performed that shows mean value of 31.15±3.38, that fall in normal range. And MRI brain was also normal. Distribution of patients on the basis of Ataxia was done and it was found that 4 (30.8%) had ataxia. Practical implication: This study will help the clinical practitioner to keep in mind that there is chance of ataxia in patients suffering from hypothyroidism. So the clinical practitioner should take care of the patients to avoid such complication. There is evidence that the ataxia has been reversed by thyroid replacement therapy. Conclusion: It is concluded that Hypothyroidism is responsible to cause cerebellar ataxia. Therefore early treatment should be taken to avoid this manifestation. Keywords: Cerebellar Ataxia, hypothyroidism, Thyroid Function Tests
Prevalence of Depression among Patients with Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mumtaz Muhammad Usman , Sarfraz Shanza , Musharraf Muhammad Usman , Rizvi Amna
Published: May 2023

The diabetic patients are more likely to experience depression. The study's objective was to determine the depression prevalence in newly diagnosed patients with type-I (T1DM) and type-II (T2DM) diabetes, as well as the relationship between these symptoms and several independent clinical and sociodemographic variables. Place and Duration: Study took place in the Department of Endocrinology and metabolism in Services Hospital Lahore, Pakistan for six months of duration from January 2017 to June 2017. Methods: A total of 320 patients included in the study, including two control groups of 180 people without diabetes and 75 patients in each group with T1DM and T2DM. The clinical, biochemical and sociodemographic characteristics of the patients were assessed and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess the symptoms of depression among patients. The association between the scores of BDI and independent factors such age, sex, mean arterial pressure, diabetes duration, BMI, diabetic complications and HbA1c level were assessed in the logistic regression analysis. Results: Compared to controls, females and males with T1DM and T2DM had significantly higher mean BDI scores. Females had depression symptoms more frequently than males diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Patients with T1DM reported depressive symptoms among 20% of females and 5.7% of males, whereas those with T2DM have depression among 40.6% of women and 23.2% of men. The depression increased with age in patients with T1DM and T2DM, their HbA1c level rises, and they experience more complications. Women with T2DM also have a three-fold high risk of developing depressive symptoms than males. Conclusion: In conclusion, diabetic patients are more likely to experience depression in comparison to non-diabetics. 13.3% of T1DM patients and 30.7% of the T2DM patients having depressive symptoms. HbA1c level, age and the occurrence of comorbidities all raise the risk of depression in both T1DM and T2DM, and in T2DM depression is gender -specific. Keywords: Depressive symptoms, Beck Depression Inventory, type I and type II diabetes mellitus.
Clinical Study of Liver Cirrhosis with Special Reference to Thyroid Function: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Javed Ahsan , Dar Rehab Anjum , Batool Iffat , Babar Bakht , Khan Andeebia Ayub , Sadiq Rizwan
Published: May 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess liver cirrhosis with special reference to thyroid function. Study Design: The study was a cross-sectional one. Setting: Research was conducted at Department of Medicine, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from August 2022 to January 2023. Material and Methods: In this study, 115 patients with cirrhosis who were both male and female and between the ages of 20 and 70 were included. These patients underwent thyroid function tests. Each patient provided written informed consent. Results: The average patient's age was 51.78±9.17 years old, and their ages ranged from 35 to 70. The vast majority of patients (n=119, or 55.6%) were between the ages of 53 and 70. Patients included 71 males (61.73% of the total) and 44 females (38.8%). The average duration of illness was 23.78 ±10.05 months, although it may be as little as 8 months. A total of 34 patients (29.56%) were classified as Child Class-B, while 81 patients (70.43%) were classified as Child Class-C. The range of serum TSH was from 3.5 to 5.8 uIU/ml (mean 4.32±0.43 uIU/ml), while the range of serum fT3 was from 1.2 to 2.9 pg/ml (mean 1.87± 0.38 pg/ml). The average serum fT4 concentration was 1.68 pg/ml (standard deviation = 0.47). Practical Implication: Especially in low and middle income countries, there is a lack of consistent data on the impact of cirrhosis on thyroid function and the association of thyroid hormone levels in patients with cirrhosis. In order to better understand the medical picture of cirrhosis of the liver and its relationship to thyroid function, the current investigation was carried out at a tertiary care center. Conclusion: Liver cirrhosis patients had lower mean blood levels of fT3 and fT4. However, the mean serum TSH level was higher in this group of individuals. It was shown to be significantly higher in patients with more advanced liver disease, but not to differ significantly by age, gender, or disease duration. Keywords: Thyroid Function, Liver Cirrhosis, Child-Pugh Classification
To Compare the Efficacy of Tap Water Iontophoresis Versus Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate in the Treatment of Palmoplantar Hyperhidrosis
Authors: Hafeez Asia , Niazi Saira , Jamil Ayesha , Raza Syed Hyder
Published: May 2023

Background: The excessive sweating of the body beyond the physiological need is termed as hyperhidrosis. Objective: this study aimed to determine the efficacy of tap water iontophoresis and aluminium chloride for treatment of palmoplantar hyperhidrosis. Study design: It is randomized control trial based interventional study. Material and Method: This study was conducted at the Department of Dermatology, Niazi Medical and Dental College, Sargodha. The duration of the study was six month from July 2022 to December 2022. The patients diagnosed with hyperhidrosis were selected for this research. The patients included in the group 1 were treated with tape water iontophoresis (TWI). The patients included in group 2 were treated with 20% aluminium chloride hexahydrate (AC) liquid solution. This treatment was given for 4 weeks. Adherence monitoring was done by participant self-report diary and results were assessed. Results: The average value of the production of sweat was calculated. The average value of both groups indicates a difference greater than 0.05, which is non-significant. The average value was observed to be 9.76 ± 2.3 g for group no. 1, and the average percentage of production of sweat was also get lowered. While in the case of group no. 2 the reduction of the average value of sweat was 4.3 ± 1.58 and there is a reduction of percentage value up to 65.8 ± 9.87 % observed and the value for group no. 1 was significant according to the value of p. When the results of HDSS (hyperhidrosis disease severity) were compared, no significant difference was observed in the values of both groups. But at the end of the study, when the mean value of hyperhidrosis disease severity was compared in both groups, there were significant changes in group 2. Conclusion: This study was conducted to determine the treatment efficacy of tap water and aluminum chloride in controlling sweating up to normal level. It was observed that tap water along with a direct current of palmer was a much more efficient way to control the sweating level. Keywords: Hyperhidrosis, direct current, tap water iontophoresis, Aluminum Chloride hexahydrate, Hyperhidrosis severity scale (HDSS).
TELENOVELAS CLÁSSICAS NO GLOBOPLAY: ESTRATÉGIAS DE TRANSMIDIAÇÃO PARA O (RE)LANÇAMENTO DAS OBRAS
Authors: Ramos Eutália , Borges Gabriela
Published: May 2023

O reaproveitamento de conteúdos nas mídias é constantemente usado e, com frequência, somos reapresentados à reprises e remakes; Holdsworth (2011) define como safe return, a garantia do retorno seguro. Na televisão brasileira o Grupo Globo realiza tal ação desde 1980, no Vale a Pena Ver de Novo. Acreditamos que a emissora forma o repertório audiovisual do público da TV aberta e, além de ativar a memória dos espectadores, transfere essa estratégia para o Globoplay. Examinamos o retorno das novelas clássicas no streaming por meio das estratégias de transmidiação. Focamos na divulgação dos dez primeiros relançamentos nas principais redes sociais digitais.
POLÍTICA GOVERNAMENTAL DE INOVAÇÃO E O SETOR DE REALIDADES ESTENDIDAS (XR)
Authors: Maciel Ines Maria Silva
Published: May 2023

As indústrias criativas são reconhecidas como drivers de mudança e inovação em toda a cadeia econômica, fato que requer investimentos em políticas públicas voltadas para a inovação em uma nova economia pautada no conhecimento e na Indústria 4.0. Entre as 138 empresas que participaram da pesquisa Mapeamento do Ecossistema XR no Brasil, 71.96% já atuam na produção de conteúdos XR, e 17.76% têm desejo de atuar no futuro. O presente artigo busca contrapor os reflexos da atual política de inovação no Brasil frente às demandas levantadas no Mapeamento, pelas empresas que atuam no setor de Realidades Estendidas.
Prevalence of malaria in pre and post covid-19 era in district Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: A cross sectional study
Authors: Usman Shehzad , Ayub Usman , Rafiq Hamza , Khan Suliman , Zubaid Hassan , Nazar Muhammad Subhan
Published: May 2023

Background: There are large populations of people who are affected by malaria. In 2004, it has been reported that there were 350–500 million cases of the illness worldwide. More than two billion people, or more than 40% of the world's population, are at risk of developing malaria, and there are an estimated 1.1-1.3 million deaths from malaria globally each year, according to the WHO report. The objectives of the current study is to find out the prevalence of malaria in age and gender wise as well as determined the pre and post effect of covid-19 on malaria. Method: A Cross-Sectional Study was designed by Bala Ghari hospital, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total number of 1146 patients’ data were taken from the laboratory sections of Bala Ghari hospital, Mardan from 2017 till 2021. Out of 1146 samples, 657(57.32%) were males, while 350 (30.54%) were females and 139 (12.12%) were transgender. The ethical approval was obtained from The University of Haripur, Research and Ethic committee (approval number: MLT/0018). Variables for data were calculated by percentages and ratios. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of malaria was minimum in group A (3-10 years of age), which was 0.17 % of the total collected samples. While the prevalence of malaria was maximum, 23.56 % of the collected samples in group C (18-25 year of age). Furthermore, our results indicate that the prevalence of malaria in the pre-covid-19 era is 39.3 %,   while in the post-covid-19 era is 41.9 %. The prevalence of malaria increased by 2.6 % in the post-covid-19 era. Conclusion: Major finding of our study is that malarial infection is higher in the post-covid-19 era as compared to the pre-covid-19 era because of the lack of access to healthcare facilities.
Effect of Physical Activity on Depression among Young Population
Authors: Javed Muhammad Taimoor ul Hassan , Naveed Aamir , Masood Laraib
Published: May 2023

Background: Depression is a disorder that has characteristics of decreased sleep, decreased appetite, and feelings of guilt, negative mood, less interest for pleasure, decreased energy and poor brain concentration [1, 2].  Above mentioned feelings can either be for short duration or long duration, resulting in a decreased interest for life and this can result in extreme action such as suicide [2]. This study was intended to find out the effects of physical activity on depression. Methods: The participants were diagnosed as Moderate, Severe and Extreme depressive by using the Beck Depression Inventory scale. After diagnosis Treatment session of fifty five minutes was given for eight weeks and three days per week. Scoring was done before treatment, after 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th and 8th week of treatment session to evaluate the effects. Changes were computed and compared in and among groups through descriptive statistics and repeated measure ANOVA. Results: A significant drop in depression level of patients was observed in eight weeks intervention period. The mean and standard deviation of patient’s BDI level at week 0 before intervention was 31.78(4.556) with (p=0.00), shows that all the patients are in different levels of depression. After 8 weeks of intervention the value dropped to 15.30(12.40) with (p=0.00) shows that majority of the patients are in Normal status. Conclusions: It was concluded that the physical activity is helpful in alleviating the Depression.
The Impact of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Depressive Symptoms in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Khan Asima Mehaboob , Taj Rizwan , Khan Arham Yahya Rizwan , Naveed Aamir , Wali Abdul
Published: May 2023

Background: Diabetes and depression are major issues globally, with CBT identified as the most effective treatment for depression. Self-help CBT in Pakistan has shown positive results for depression treatment. A study has found that CBT leads to a higher remission rate for depression in Type 2 diabetes patients, highlighting the need for proper treatment of diabetes-related depression to improve health outcomes.Methods: In a randomized controlled trial a total of 32 patients with diabetes and depression were allocated to CBT therapy (n=16) and controls without CBT therapy (n=16). The study was conducted at the Department of Psychiatry, and diabetic’s clinic of Department of General Medicine, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, in a period of 2 months. Known cases of Type 2 Diabetes fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of Depression and anxiety using DSM –V research criteria, and who lived within the catchment area were approached. Formal approval from hospital ethical committee and written informed consent from participants were obtained. Those persons, who agreed to enter the study, were assessed 2 weeks after the first screening, to fill in the baseline measures when they attended their first appointment. These persons were asked to attend further appointments and were assessed every two weeks till end of the study final assessment were made. Results: The mean age of patients was 50.9 + 7.5 years in group A (CBT) and 45.4 + 10.1 years in group B (without CBT). Male and female cases were equally selected in both groups respectively. The mean HADS was found similar at baseline in both study groups while post intervention phases in group A, greater improvement was observed (8.8 + 2.6) compared to (10.3 + 2.9) in group B. The WHO quality of life scale was almost similar in both groups at baseline, however, greater improvement in quality of life was observed in group A (90.7 + 9.0) compared to group B (82.1 + 13.9) and the difference in mean WHOQOL was found statistically significant (p-value = 0.04). Conclusions: The CBT intervention has a clear role in the management of depression in diabetic patients. In this study it has shown significant improvement in the health and depression scales and also in the overall quality of life according to WHO scale.
Dinâmica nictemeral de CO2 em águas urbanas no Pantanal
Authors: de Paula Josiane Santos Batista Carioca , Lázaro Wilkinson Lopes , Muniz Claumir Cesar , Oliveira Junior Ernandes Sobreira
Published: May 2023

O presente estudo analisou o fluxo difusivo de CO2 na interface água-atmosfera e em macrófitas de um canal urbano. Foram realizadas campanhas de campo mensais, com coletas ao longo do ciclo diurno-noturno. O fluxo difusivo de CO2 foi mensurado com uma câmara flutuante transparente de acrílico. A câmara foi usada em leito aberto e sobre as macrófitas do gênero Pontederia sp. A média de emissão de CO2 das macrófitas (1.426,20 ± 6.393,72 CO2 mg m-2 dia-1) foi três vezes menor que o leito aberto (4.423,74 ± 2.299,14 CO2 mg m-2 dia-1). As macrófitas absorveram CO2 entre às 06h:00min e 12h:00min, o leito aberto apresentou maior fluxo às 00h:00min. As variações do fluxo de CO2 se apresentaram diferentes ao longo dos meses estudados. Devemos considerar o impacto das águas urbanas no balanço global do Carbono bem como o papel desenvolvido pelas macrófitas aquáticas no equilíbrio da emissão de GEE.
Financial analysis of grains and vegetables in succession under an organic agroforestry system
Authors: Costa Eusângela Antônia , Junqueira Ana Maria Resende , Leite Edson Junqueira , Souza Álvaro Nogueira
Published: May 2023

This work aimed to perform financial analysis in an agroforestry system, in the Federal District - Brazil, with trees barriers and polyculture of crops, from 2015 to 2017. Summer polyculture involved rice (Oryza sativa), beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and corn (Zea mays) while winter polyculture consisted of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) and beetroot (Beta vulgaris). Financial evaluation was based on Net Present Value, Periodic Equivalent Benefit, Payback and Internal Rate of Return. It proved to be feasible technically and economically, presenting IRR of 9.52% and payback of 22 months for the organic system. Profitability was higher considering the prices for organics in the Market of Brasilia. Conventional system showed a payback period of 34 months, 35% higher than the payback for an organic system. This result serves as stimulus to the adoption of organic cultivation systems. As an unconventional investment project, this information serves as subsidies for government policies.
Asma e os tratamentos zooterápicos no Nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Barbosa Édipo Lucas Soares , Silva Gleydson Breno Alves Cabral , Morais Elton Santos Guedes de , Palma Mariza Brandão , Soares Anísio Francisco
Published: May 2023

Asma, também conhecida no Nordeste como “puxado”, “cansaço-do-peito” ou "piado", acomete principalmente crianças. o presente trabalho objetivou-se em investigar os relatos sobre o tratamento alternativo de asma, especificamente, indícios zooterápicos na literatura e entrevistar pessoas com reconhecido conhecimento popular sobre esta temática com origem na região Nordeste do Brasil. Para tal o presente estudo foi dividido em duas etapas estratégicas, a primeira foi uma pesquisa bibliográfica e a segunda etapa tratou da pesquisa de campo. Foram entrevistados seis pessoas de diferentes localidades, através de pesquisa bibliográfica foram observadas citações de 71 espécies de animais em livros, cartilhas e artigos científicos utilizadas no tratamento da asma. conhecimento da medicina popular no Nordeste vem sendo renovadas com o passar do tempo, integrando novas espécies vegetais e animais à medicina tradicional, com isso há a necessidade de se ampliar tais estudos para aprofundamento sobre o tema e obtenção de novas descobertas científicas no âmbito etnográfico para contribuir com a ecologia, etnobiologia, com a promoção de saúde e descoberta de fármacos.
Tecnologias educativas utilizadas no ensino da enfermagem em saúde da mulher: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Araujo Carvalho Rayssa , Aguiar da Silva Figueira Simone , Sérgio Caetano de Carvalho Paulo , Pastana Ferreira Ilma , Jacob da Silva Freire Jofre , Nazaré Carneiro Bichara Clea , Henry de Oliveira Vale John , Kazumi da Trindade Noguchi Selma , Da Costa Teixeira Renato
Published: May 2023

O objetivo foi sintetizar estudos cientificos, que tenham abordado o uso de tecnologias educativas no ensino de enfermagem em saúde da mulher. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura em 4 bases de dados: SCIELO, LILACS, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e PUBMED. Para seleção dos artigos, foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: tecnologia educacional, ensino superior, saúde da mulher e pré-natal, foi utilizado o operador boleano And entre os descritores. Os critérios de inclusão foram: pesquisas que abordassem sobre tecnologias educativas e saúde da mulher durante o ciclo gravídico-puerperal. A busca resultou em 40 referências levantadas nas bases de dados, dessas, 10 foram excluídas após os critérios de inclusão, 30 artigos foram identificados pelos títulos ou resumos, sendo 7 excluídos por não apresentarem o artigo completo, 23 artigos foram lidos na íntegra, sendo 6 excluídos por não atenderem a questão da pesquisa, resultando em 17 artigos para compor esta revisão.
Análise espacial das taxas de incidência de hepatite C no Amazonas, Brasil, 2008-2018
Authors: Enock Barroso dos Santos Enock , Penha do Amaral Alexsandra , Scantelbury de Almeida Gilsirene , Lopes Neto David , Barros de Castro Daniel , Rodrigues Almeida Cunha Linda karoline , Lins Girão Kamila
Published: May 2023

Objetivo:  analisar a distribuição espacial das taxas de incidência de hepatite C no estado do Amazonas, no período de 2008 a 2018. Método: estudo ecológico e transversal com dados provindos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação concedidos pela Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do estado do Amazonas. Foram feitos os cálculos das taxas de incidência bruta, empírica bayesiana, incidência suavizada, índice de Moran Global e Local. Resultados: foram notificados 3.275 casos, a maioria foram diagnosticados de forma laboratorial 3.251 (99,2%), forma crônica 2.800 (85,5%), sexo masculino 1.683 (51,4%), zona urbana 2.943 (89,9%), faixa etária 40-50 anos 1.608 (69,6%), pardos 2.696 (82,3%), ensino fundamental incompleto 464 (14,2%), provável fonte de infeção sexual 181 (5,5%) e baixo preenchimento dos campos essenciais. O índice de moran global deu positivo e significativo (p≤0,05) em todos os anos estudados. Conclusão: a hepatite C ainda é muito frequente no Amazonas e afeta mais jovens e adultos de baixa escolaridade. Sua incidência se distribuiu espacialmente de forma não aleatória e significativa, apresentando clusters espaciais de incidência preocupante entre os municípios de Manaus e seus arredores.
Finalidade da Universidade Aberta do Brasil e trabalho do docente
Authors: Santos Peres Anna Paula Lemos
Published: May 2023

A Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB) tem por finalidade democratizar o acesso ao ensino público superior de qualidade. Para realizar tal objetivo, necessita do trabalho do docente cuja seleção se dá por meio de procedimento regulamentado em editais que observam a Lei 5800 de 2006, a portaria 183 de 2016 e a portaria 102 de 2019. A Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros é uma das Instituições de Ensino Público Superior (IPES) responsáveis por realizar esta seleção no Brasil. O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar os editais abertos após a publicação da portaria 102 de 2019 para verificar a existência de contradições entre a finalidade da UAB e o trabalho do docente, considerando o materialismo histórico dialético. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que a contradição existe e está explícita nos próprios editais que regulamentam a seleção. Invisibilizada pela aparência de legalidade do certame e pela racionalização do trabalho do docente via utilização de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC´s) e plataformas digitais, ela se localiza entre a finalidade de democratizar o ensino público de qualidade e o grau de exploração do docente trabalhador na UAB Unimontes.
Teaching performance outside the training area: failure to comply with law and its impacts on the teaching process
Authors: Costa Matheus Gomes da , Sousa Alex Sandro Dias de , Bastos Milton Nilson Vasconcelos
Published: May 2023

The research addresses the teaching performance outside the training area, so the problem that guided the research came from the following question: what are the impacts of the performance of teachers in areas where they are not qualified in the students' learning? With the general objective of analyzing the teaching performance outside their area of ​​training and its implications in the teaching-learning process. In this perspective, the methodological approach of the research is bibliographic, with a qualitative nature, based on theorists who study this theme, in addition to normative documents such as the Law of Guidelines and Bases of Education – LDB/1996. The study is justified by presenting new critical and theoretical approaches regarding the teacher and adequate training for the areas of activity. There are numerous challenges that even lead to evasion of the teaching career. In addition, as a consequence of this reality, professors are allocated to teach subjects outside their training area, which has a negative impact on both the teaching-learning process and the quality of education. Therefore, the result of this study highlights the importance of adequacy in the teaching performance in the formative bias and in compliance with the law, since this legal breach has negative consequences for the quality of education, even harming the guarantee of access to education in an adequate way, caused lag, repetition and even school evasion, in addition to the various social problems that arise from this. Therefore, it is consistent that teachers act in their training area, in accordance with legal requirements, obeying the requirements in their training process, as well as continuous training, giving a new meaning to teaching knowledge and practices.
Determining the effects of pesticides on workers' health through the evaluation of biomarkers
Authors: Bernardes Nicole Blanco , Marziale Maria Helena Palucci , Santos Thalita Grazielly , Lelis Beatriz Dutra Brazao
Published: May 2023

Brazil is the largest global consumer of pesticides and this practice has resulted in countless cases of intoxications that cause illness and deaths to workers, significant expenses to the public health system and disastrous environmental consequences. The work had as general objective: to evaluate the effects of the use of pesticides on the health of rural workers in terms of intoxication through the assessment of the erythrocyte and plasma cholinesterase biomarkers. This is a cross-sectional, analytical study, comparing the Group (1) of rural workers directly exposed to pesticides and the Group (2) of users of the Family Health Programs (PSF), in the municipalities of Capitólio and Pimenta - Minas Gerais, Brazil, not directly exposed to pesticides for the intoxication outcome identified by the analysis of biomarkers. Altogether 140 employees made up the studied sample. Our results demonstrate that life habits and health conditions have a strong relationship with symptoms found in individuals who have been exposed to pesticides.
Organo-mineral composition of grains of quinoa grown in the Cerrado of the Brazilian central plateau
Authors: Rocha Juliana Evangelista da Silva , Rosa Andréia Alves , Spehar Carlos Roberto , Junqueira Ana Maria Resende , Rosa Artur Guerra , Mendonça Márcio Antonio , Soares João Paulo Guimarães
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the proximate composition of quinoa grown in the central plateau of the Brazilian Cerrado during the summer and winter periods. Grains of the Kancolla, BRS Piabiru, and BRS Syetetuba varieties were evaluated for parameters such as moisture, dry matter, ash, protein, lipids, carbohydrates, crude fiber, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur, and potassium. It was observed that the proximate composition of quinoa grains varies depending on the cultivation period, with higher averages in the summer. However, in both periods, the Brazilian averages were higher than those reported in the worldwide literature for quinoa grains. Regarding the mineral components, grains grown in the summer period had higher levels than in the winter, when compared to the worldwide standards for quinoa. The BRS Syetetuba variety showed superiority in the levels of the evaluated parameters compared to the other varieties.
Innovation management in biotechnology: from the lab to the market: the entrepreneur's challenges
Authors: Kume Wilson , Rocha Augusto Cesar Barreto , Lasmar Dimas José , Oliveira Júnior Manoel Carlos de
Published: May 2023

The objective of this investigation is to identify the barriers faced by biotechnology startups in Brazil, related to lifespan, legislation, maturity stage, among others, by literature review, analyzing the obstacles faced by these companies to take the research from the laboratory to the market from the point of view of innovation management. As a method of confirming the barriers to the entrepreneur identified by the theory, an online non-parametric survey was conducted between October and December 2022, through electronic forms, considering a non-probabilistic sampling. The results obtained reinforce the literature. It was realized that entrepreneurship plays an important role, requires discipline and training, partnerships and cooperation are also necessary throughout the process. The benefits of the Legal Framework for Innovation bring researchers closer to institutions, providing the use of laboratories, as provided by law. The regulatory processes with the agencies: National Health Surveillance Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply and National Technical Commission on Biosafety need to reduce bureaucracy, facilitation, and clarification.
Adapt and Overcome: Unraveling the Dynamics of Job Stressors and Coping Mechanisms among Nurses in the UK
Authors:   University of Manchester, Austen Rawling K.
Published: May 2023

This study provides a comprehensive exploration of the multifaceted stressors encountered by nurses working within the UK healthcare system and the coping strategies they deploy in response. As the backbone of healthcare provision, nurses confront numerous occupational stressors, exacerbated by the inherent demands of their profession. These stressors range from high patient loads, long working hours, emotional strain, to evolving professional responsibilities. In the face of these challenges, this research adopts a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative data analysis with in-depth qualitative interviews to offer an illuminating perspective on the stress-coping patterns among nurses. The findings reveal that while these stressors can have deleterious effects on nurses' physical and mental health, they also possess an impressive array of adaptive strategies, involving a blend of problem-focused and emotion-focused coping techniques. These coping mechanisms span from collegial support, personal resilience building, stress management training, use of reflective practices, to organizational strategies such as balanced rosters and enhanced professional development opportunities. The results underscore the critical role of a supportive work environment and proactive personal initiatives in fostering resilience among nurses, while also shedding light on the need for healthcare systems to better recognize and mitigate the unique stressors experienced by nurses. Importantly, the study advances our understanding of how nurses' stress and coping mechanisms interact in a dynamic and reciprocal manner, offering important implications for healthcare policy, nurse education, and management practices. The research emphasizes that strengthening coping mechanisms and reducing job stressors should be seen as dual priorities to promote nurses' well-being, job satisfaction, and ultimately, to enhance patient care. In conclusion, this study offers novel insights into the interplay between job stressors and coping mechanisms among nurses in the UK, urging both individual and institutional responses to promote a more sustainable and resilient nursing workforce. Key words: Job Stressors, Coping Mechanisms, UK Nurses, Healthcare System, Occupational Resilience
Biological spectrum of the flora of the Indravati Tiger Reserve, Dantewada, Chhattisgarh
Authors: Kumar Anand , Shukla Achuta
Published: May 2023

The paper gives an account of the biological spectrum of the flora of the Indravati Tiger Reserve, Dantewada, Chhattisgarh. Studies revealed that the plant climate is therophytic due to the highest percentage of therophytes.
Identification of high yielding oak tasar silkworm hybrids
Authors: Singh L. , Singh N. , Singh K.
Published: May 2023

The rearing performances of twelve selected oak tasar silkworm hybrids were estimated based on the multiple trait evaluation index (E.I.) method in two trial rearing for the eight yield contributing traits, viz., fecundity, hatching percentage, cocoon yield per disease free laying, effective rate of rearing (ERR), cocoon weight, shell weight, shell ratio, filament length. In the first trial rearing, the hybrid PRP12 x Blue recorded the highest E.I. value (54.77), followed by B6 x PRP5 (54.55), BY1 x PRP5 (53.72), BY1 x PRP12 (52.77), PRP3 x BY1 (51.40) and BY1 x Blue (50.31). In the second trial rearing, B6 x PRP5 manifested the highest E.I. value (64.11) followed by BY1 x PRP12 (64.07), BY1 x Blue (55.21) and PRP12 x Blue (55.21). It is observed that the four hybrids, viz., PRP12 x Blue, B6 x PRP5, BY1 x Blue and BY1 x PRP12 exhibited consistent high E.I. values of above 50 in both the trial rearing. Therefore, these four hybrids can be used in future breeding program and commercial production of cocoons.