bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Management Model for Sustainable Development in Hotels within WB6
Authors: Rajić Milena Nebojsa , Maksimović Rado M. , Milosavljević Pedja
Published: December 2022

The aim of this paper is to propose a model for an energy management system (EnMS) in the hospitality industry in line with the ISO 50001 standard. The new proposed model, specifically developed for service organizations, was based on the Plan–Do–Check–Act cycle and was confirmed in 280 hotels in the Western Balkans 6 (WB6) region. The data were used to investigate if hotel properties represent an influential factor in the wider implementation of EnMS requirements. The proposed model, based on the ISO 50001 standard, was developed into sub-categories, including actual regulations and legislation within the EU and WB6. Hotels, as some of the most energy-demanding buildings, due to their purpose and processes, should provide their guests with electricity, hot water, heating and air-conditioning every hour of every day. The survey was conducted in 280 hotels and lasted from December 2021 to September 2022. The research shows that the average implementation of EnMS requirements was 38.07% for the whole researched sample, i.e., 25.86% in Albania, 30.40% in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 26.11% in Kosovo, 46.34% in Montenegro, 29.86% in North Macedonia and 44.56% in Serbia. In the researched case study, the average implementation of the PLAN phase (phase for establishing basics for energy management) was 35.71%, implementation of the DO phase (phase for implementing energy management processes) was 44.90%, implementation of the CHECK phase (phase for monitoring and the measurement of energy performance) was 45.45%, and finally, implementation of the ACT phase (phase for reviewing and improving energy management) was only 25.36%. The proposed model is significant as it can be used for broader research to investigate other business sectors in hospitality and for policymakers to propose energy consumption strategies and measures for energy savings that would have a minimal impact on service quality. The novelty of this research can be seen not only in the specifically developed model for service organizations in the hospitality sector but it also contains current data from the verified model in one specific region which offers the possibility of benchmarking and evaluating one’s own organization.
Speciation Analysis Method of Heavy Metals in Organic Fertilizers: A Review
Authors: Wang Juan , Wang Xuejing , Li Guoxue , Ding Jingtao , Shen Yujun , Liu Di , Cheng Hongsheng , Zhang Ying , Li Ran
Published: December 2022

Heavy metals in organic fertilizers pose a risk to the agricultural ecosystem. The environmental risk of heavy metals depends not only on the total amount but also on the speciation. Hence, more information on heavy metals speciation in organic fertilizers is needed to avoid adverse effect. At present, the speciation information of heavy metals is usually obtained by the single-extraction method and sequential extraction method. Common heavy metals that have received attention include Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg and As. There is a lack of reviews on speciation analysis methods for heavy metals, specifically in organic fertilizers. This work aims to comprehensively review the methods, explore the problems of the sequence extraction procedure and summarize the factors affecting the distribution of heavy metals speciation. Each sequence extraction procedure of heavy metals in organic fertilizers is described in detail, and the affecting factors are proposed. The review could contribute proposing the directions of optimizing the sequence extraction procedure of heavy metals in organic fertilizers in the future.
Application of the COHRV Conceptual Framework to Enhance Sustainable Manufacturing
Authors: Riosvelasco-Monroy Georgina Elizabeth , Pérez-Olguín Iván Juan Carlos , Pérez-Domínguez Luis Asunción , Méndez-González Luis Carlos , Noriega-Morales Salvador
Published: December 2022

For the implementation of Industry Industry 4.0 (I4.0), companies need the commitment of several departments, knowledge and technology within data management, cyber physical systems, and Internet of Things, among other pillars of I4.0. This industrial revolution (I4.0)offers opportunities for the development of competitive advantages, new market positions within a supply chain, new product design and processes, and manufacturing sustainability. Regardless of such benefits, for small and mid-size enterprises (SMEs) it represents a challenge, because they lack specific capabilities, qualified human resources, and technological and/or financial support. The challenges for SMEs from industrial sectors can be dealt with by means of strategic joint ventures, known as horizontal collaboration. Seen as the new vertical collaboration, horizontal collaboration offers a way for enterprises to combine their strengths in order to gain competitive advantages and develop new market opportunities. This paper presents the Resources and Value Horizontal Collaboration Model, “COHRV”, for its acronym in Spanish, structured as a guide to merge enterprises’ strengths such as knowledge transfer, qualified human resources, technology, and more. The COHRV model was designed as a disruptive business model, presenting a new perspective for horizontal collaboration projects between SMEs. To show the effective applicability of the COHRV model, data obtained from nine SMEs in a previous case study were used. The objective was to observe how the COHRV model works as a framework to create new strategies for SMEs, to work on a sustainable manufacturing venture.
Scrutiny of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Control, Power Management, Optimization and Sizing: Challenges and Future Possibilities
Authors: Rathod Asmita Ajay , Subramanian Balaji
Published: December 2022

To fulfill fast-growing energy needs, all energy sources should be utilized. Renewable energy is infinite and clean. However, its main disadvantage is that renewable energy sources are intermittent. A Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES) is built by integrating several distinct energy sources to deal with this problem. In regards to energy economy, economics, dependability, and flexibility, these hybrid systems can surpass the limits of individual energy producing technologies. The power capacity of HRESs increased from 700 GW to 3100 GW globally over the period 2000–2021. This study aimed to offer and analyze a comprehensive literature review of recently published works by several researchers in the area of HRESs. The HRES contains different Hybrid Energy Systems (HESs), which are categorized into three parts, namely, PV_Other, Wind_Other and PV_Wind_Other. These systems, based on different optimization techniques/software with techno-economic objective functions and constraints, are reviewed in this paper. The optimal sizing, control, and power management strategies of the HRES are elaborately discussed to harness its potential. It has been determined that Metaheuristic (MH) methods and HOMER software are mostly employed in the fields of HRES sizing, control, power management, and optimization. The review provides a critical analysis of the shortcomings of the existing HRES systems, while choosing optimization parameters, and control and power management schemes. Moreover, the study encapsulates the various challenges/barriers in adopting HRESs. Finally, this review highlights possible future opportunities for PV, Wind, and other HESs in the area of control, power management, optimization, and optimal sizing.
The Importance of the Strategic Urban Rehabilitation Plan in the Sustainable Development of the Municipality of Machico
Authors: Alves Raul , Lousada Sérgio , Cabezas José , Gómez José Manuel Naranjo
Published: December 2022

Through the requalification of buildings, the improvement of public spaces and the reorganization of motorized and pedestrian circulation, success is achieved, and thus the trend of decay of the urban fabric is reversed, transforming and returning urban centers to the people. The Strategic Plan for Urban Rehabilitation of Machico is an important document for the sustainable development of the city, which will contribute to social harmony and the improvement of the people’s quality of life, reducing the environmental impact of human mobility, boosting the economy, and creating conditions for the usufruct of the city of Machico in terms of mobility. The current article arises with the main objective of analyzing the Strategic Plan for Urban Rehabilitation of the Municipality (PERU) of Machico, which is an essential tool for the sustainable development of Machico. It is also important to emphasize the dimension of PERU in local economic development, from the perspective of the real estate market and in public investment. The results obtained showed that the Municipality of Machico faces some challenges in the implementation of sustainable urban development programs, due to the recent financial and economic crisis, which could limit the existing funding to fund sustainable urban development programs. It is from this plan, from the solutions determined for the rehabilitation of the public space in terms of security and mobility, based on the urban operations that are being developed, that it will be possible to offer the population a sustainable future.
Design Principles and Prescriptions for Planning and Controlling Engineer-to-Order Industrialized Building Systems
Authors: Bataglin Fernanda Saidelles , Viana Daniela Dietz , Formoso Carlos Torres
Published: December 2022

Construction projects have a high degree of complexity due to both the high degree of uncertainty in process and goals, and the large number of components and stakeholders’ interdependences. In the case of Engineer-to-order (ETO) building systems, there are other sources of complexity, including short lead time, uncertainty related to design, and interdependences between production units. Previous research efforts on the management of ETO industrialized building systems have been limited to managerial improvements from the perspective of companies in charge of manufacturing and assembling components. However, the literature is still scarce on the management of several industrialized building systems that need to be integrated during site installation, considering the perspective of a construction company in charge of the construction stage. The aim of this paper is to propose a set of design principles and prescriptions for production planning and controlling projects that combine different industrialized building systems, considering the key role played by ETO systems in that context. Design Science Research was the methodological approach adopted in this investigation. The development of this set of design principles and prescriptions was based on a literature review and also on an empirical study carried out in a construction project. The outcomes of this investigation are summarized in a framework that establishes interconnections between design prescriptions. The main contribution of this investigation is the development of prescriptive knowledge that can be used to support the design or assessment of planning and control systems that address the requirements of ETO industrialized building systems.
Perspectives for Tourism Development in the Post-Pandemic Period in the Opinions of University Students
Authors: Olszewski-Strzyżowski Dariusz Jacek , Pasek Marcin , Lipowski Mariusz
Published: December 2022

The dynamic growth and evolution of tourism in recent times and its growing importance for the economies of many countries has been drastically hampered by the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has not only affected tourism through travel restrictions and the associated difficulties faced by the tourism industry, but it has also changed people’s tourism preferences (mass tourism has been replaced by more sustainable tourism), as well as their motives for undertaking tourism. The aim of this study is to assess students’ views on the role of the COVID-19 pandemic in shaping their tourism experiences and beliefs about the future of tourism in the perspective of the pandemic and its global implications. The issue is of interest given the young age of the study participants and the belief that they are key influencers in shaping the image of global tourism in the post-pandemic period. The participants of this study were 196 students from higher education institutions in Gdansk, representing both tourism- and non-tourism-related majors. The aim of this study was achieved using the diagnostic survey method, collecting information about the respondents’ beliefs based on a research tool in the form of a survey questionnaire. The results suggest that tourism activities and students’ motives for engaging in them may change after the pandemic expires compared to before COVID-19. In general, studying tourism is associated with moderate attitudes towards the aftermath of the coronavirus compared to the more radical responses of students who do not study tourism. A limitation of this pilot study was the geographical restriction of the respondents to the Polish population, which makes it difficult at this stage to draw more generalized conclusions.
Drivers of Artificial Intelligence and Their Effects on Supply Chain Resilience and Performance: An Empirical Analysis on an Emerging Market
Authors: Wang Mengmeng , Pan Xiaoming
Published: December 2022

The global supply chain has suffered an unprecedented impact Affected by multiple factors such as anti-globalization, rising trade protectionism and the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the technology-organization-environment framework and resource-based theory, this study attempts to explore and analyze what drives a firm’s willingness to adopt artificial intelligence technology and how such willingess to adopt artificial intelligence technology may contribute to supply chain resilience and supply chain performance. Using survey data collected from 318 firms in China, we empirically test our arguments and hypotheses through the structural equation modeling approach. The results suggest that the relative advantages of enterprise artificial intelligence technology, supply chain collaboration, and environmental uncertainty are the three major factors affecting the adoption of artificial intelligence technology, which subsequently provide a positive impact on supply chain resilience and supply chain performance. This study expands the application field and scope of artificial intelligence technology, fills the relatively large gap in the research on the behavior of enterprise users adopting artificial intelligence technology in the supply chain field. This provides a useful reference for enterprises to adopt artificial intelligence technology.
Synthesis of Urchin-Shaped Gold Nanoparticles Utilizing Green Reducing and Capping Agents at Different Preparation Conditions: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Salem Mohamed S. , Elmarghany Mohamed R. , Salem Noha , Nady Norhan
Published: December 2022

Employing environmentally friendly reducing and capping materials to synthesize gold nanoparticles is an exciting research point. However, the used materials usually need a long reduction time that can take days. In this work, the instantaneous production of small-sized (less than 20 nm) gold nanoparticles is investigated using ascorbic acid, gelatin, and a mixture of the two agents at different preparation conditions (at room temperature; 20 ± 3 °C and near boiling temperature; 95 ± 3 °C). Particle size analysis, as well as transmission electron microscopy, were used to assess the produced particles’ physical characteristics. The structural changes and optical characteristics of the nanoparticles were monitored using UV–visible spectroscopy. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to establish the presence of a gelatin coating over the gold nanoparticles. The morphology of the produced nanoparticles at 95 ± 3 °C was spherical with a size ranging from 8–18 nm, whereas urchin-shaped nanoparticles ranging from 24–100 nm were formed at 20 ± 3 °C reaction temperature. The presence of hydroxyl and amine groups associated with the gelatin was confirmed using FTIR. This could be a step for wider usage of green synthesized nanogold particles in several applications.
Epigallocatechin Gallate and Glutathione Attenuate Aflatoxin B1-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Ducklings via Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis and the Nrf2 Signalling Pathway
Authors: Wang Yanan , Wu Jiayu , Wang Lingfeng , Yang Ping , Liu Zuhong , Rajput Shahid Ali , Hassan Mubashar , Qi Desheng
Published: December 2022

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exists widely in feed and food with severe hazards, posing a serious threat to human and animal health. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and glutathione (GSH) have been reported as having anti-oxidative and other functions. The present study aimed to investigate the detoxification effect of EGCG and GSH alone or in combination on AFB1 exposure in ducklings. Fifty one-day-old male ducklings were randomly assigned into five experimental groups (n = 10): 1. Control (CTR); 2. 0.3 mg/kg BW AFB1 (AFB1); 3. 0.3 mg/kg BW AFB1 + 100 mg/kg BW EGCG (AFB1 + EGCG); 4. 0.3 mg/kg BW AFB1 + 30 mg/kg BW GSH (AFB1 + GSH); 5. 0.3 mg/kg BW AFB1 + 100 mg/kg BW EGCG + 30 mg/kg BW GSH (AFB1 + EGCG + GSH). The experiment lasted for seven days. Compared with the CTR group, AFB1 reduced growth performance, total serum protein and albumin content, increased serum enzyme activity (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase), and caused pathological damage to the ducklings’ livers. AFB1 exposure increased malondialdehyde content and decreased superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activities, and glutathione content in the liver. EGCG and GSH alone or in combination mitigated these adverse effects. Meanwhile, EGCG and GSH attenuate apoptosis of hepatocytes, and regulated AFB1-induced changes in the abundance of genes contained in the Keap1/Nrf2 signalling and apoptotic pathways. Collectively, these results suggest that EGCG and GSH alleviate the hepatocyte injury induced by AFB1 by inhibiting oxidative stress and attenuating excessive mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.
Diversity and Dissemination of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Genotypes in Southeast Asia
Authors: Mohamad Farook Nurul Amirah , Argimón Silvia , Abdul Samat Muttaqillah Najihan , Salleh Sharifah Azura , Sulaiman Sunita , Tan Toh Leong , Periyasamy Petrick , Lau Chee Lan , Ismail Zalina , Muhammad Azami Nor Azila , Ang Mia Yang , Neoh Hui-min
Published: December 2022

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a successful pathogen that has achieved global dissemination, with high prevalence rates in Southeast Asia. A huge diversity of clones has been reported in this region, with MRSA ST239 being the most successful lineage. Nonetheless, description of MRSA genotypes circulating in the Southeast Asia region has, until now, remained poorly compiled. In this review, we aim to provide a better understanding of the molecular epidemiology and distribution of MRSA clones in 11 Southeast Asian countries: Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR), Myanmar, Philippines, Indonesia, Brunei Darussalam, and Timor-Leste. Notably, while archaic multidrug-resistant hospital-associated (HA) MRSAs, such as the ST239-III and ST241-III, were prominent in the region during earlier observations, these were then largely replaced by the more antibiotic-susceptible community-acquired (CA) MRSAs, such as ST22-IV and PVL-positive ST30-IV, in recent years after the turn of the century. Nonetheless, reports of livestock-associated (LA) MRSAs remain few in the region.
Simultaneous Analysis of Midrapidity pT Spectra of Identified Particle Species in Pb + Pb Collisions at snn = 2.76 TeV Using Tsallis Distribution with Transverse Flow
Authors: Olimov Khusniddin K. , Lebedev Igor A. , Fedosimova Anastasiya I. , Liu Fu-Hu , Kanokova Shakhnoza Z. , Shodmonov Maratbek Z. , Tukhtaev Boburbek J.
Published: December 2022

The midrapidity transverse momentum distributions of the charged pions, kaons, protons, and antiprotons in ten groups of centrality of Pb + Pb collisions at snn = 2.76 TeV, measured by the ALICE Collaboration, have been analyzed successfully using both thermodynamically consistent and non-consistent Tsallis distribution functions with transverse flow. The collision centrality dependencies of the extracted parameters of two kinds of Tsallis functions with transverse flow have been investigated. The significantly different behavior (growth rates) of ⟨βT⟩ in regions ⟨Npart⟩ < 71 and ⟨Npart⟩ > 71 with the temperature T0 becoming constant in region ⟨Npart⟩ > 71 has been observed. This could indicate that ⟨Npart⟩ = 71 ± 5 (corresponding to ⟨dNch/dη⟩ = 205 ± 15) is a threshold border value of collision centrality for crossover phase transition from the dense hadronic state to the QGP state (or a mixed state of QGP and hadrons) in Pb + Pb collisions at snn = 2.76 TeV. This conjecture is supported further by the observed, significantly different correlations between T0 and ⟨βT⟩ parameters in the corresponding ⟨βT⟩ < 0.44 and ⟨βT⟩ > 0.44 ranges. The strong positive linear correlation between non-extensivity parameter q for pions and kaons, between q for pions and (anti)protons, and between q for kaons and (anti)protons has been obtained. The parameter q for all studied particle species has proven to be strongly anticorrelated with the average transverse flow velocity, ⟨βT⟩. Quite a large positive linear correlation has been obtained between the q of the studied particle species and temperature parameter T0. Analysis of q versus ⟨Npart⟩ dependencies for the studied particle species suggests that the highly thermalized and equilibrated QGP is produced in central Pb + Pb collisions at snn = 2.76 TeV with ⟨Npart⟩ > 160.
Special Issue “Human Betaretrovirus and Related Diseases”
Authors: Mason Andrew L.
Published: December 2022

A betaretrovirus resembling mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) was first linked with human breast cancer over 50 years ago [...]
Prosopagnosia, Other Specific Cognitive Deficits, and Behavioral Symptoms: Comparison between Right Temporal and Behavioral Variant of Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Koros Christos , Beratis Ion , Matsi Stavroula , Bougea Anastasia , Bonakis Anastasios , Papatriantafyllou Ioannis , Angelopoulou Efthalia , Kapaki Elisabeth , Stefanis Leonidas , Papageorgiou Sokratis G.
Published: December 2022

Right temporal variant of frontotemporal dementia (rtv-FTD) represents an uncommon and recently described frontotemporal dementia (FTD) entity presenting with symptoms in many ways comparable to those of the frontal or behavioral variant of FTD (bv-FTD). The aims of this study were to explore the timing of cognitive and behavioral symptoms of rtv-FTD, and to compare the distinct cognitive deficits including prosopagnosia and behavioral symptoms of rtv-FTD patients with those observed in bv-FTD patients. We reviewed the records of 105 patients clinically diagnosed with FTD. A total of 7 patients (5 men/2 women) with FTD and marked right temporal atrophy in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were detected. Clinical features were compared with those observed in a group of 22 age-matched patients (16 men/6 women) with FTD and predominant frontal lobe atrophy. The main presenting symptoms of rtv-FTD were prosopagnosia, apathy, and episodic memory impairment. In contrast, social awkwardness and compulsive behaviors were dominant in later stages of the disease together with disinhibition and loss of insight with a marked personality change. Although the cognitive and behavioral profiles of patients with right temporal or frontal lobes atrophy present substantial similarities, each subtype has a number of distinct characteristics. It appears that prosopagnosia, obsessive behaviors, and psychotic symptoms are more prominent in rtv-FTD patients.
Market analysis for storm treatment equipment
Authors:   BMSTU, Moscow, Dubina I. V. , Ganina G. E. ,   BMSTU, Moscow
Published: December 2022

The work is devoted to the analysis of the market of storm water treatment plants. The market capacity is studied and the sales volumes of treatment facilities are forecasted. The concentration index is calculated. Using the treatment facilities as an example, the company's strategic goal is determined and a marketing strategy is proposed to achieve it. The customer retention rate is calculated.
Emergency recovery technology of CNC machines
Authors:   Diana-CNC company, Penza, Emelyanov S. A.
Published: December 2022

The general principles of implementing the technology of emergency recovery of the operability of technological equipment with software control are shown, as well as specific recommendations are given for analyzing the type and characteristics of the computer used, the organization of permanent memory, as well as the possibility of reinstalling the software if necessary.
APPLICATION OF THE ESSENTIAL FACILITIES DOCTRINE IN THE ANALYSIS OF THE BIG DATA OPERATORS BEHAVIOR
Authors: Petrov Sergey P.
Published: December 2022

Digital transformation of economy leads to changes in industrial markets and firms behavior on them. They begin to compete basing not on expansion of their market share but on creating a benefit for a consumer. Therefore, increase of firm competitiveness requires information about consumer preferences and behavior, which in turn leads to a changes in the role and forms of supply chain participants interaction. In such a situation, big data operators gain a competitive advantage, backed by high fixed costs of extracting value from big data, which provides monopoly power. The question arises about the possibility of considering big data and the behavior of such data operators based on the provisions of the essential facilities doctrine. The research is based on the theory of essential facilities and its application in the construction of an optimization model of big data market subjects behavior. The matter of big data attribution to essential facilities is solved basing on study of approaches to interpretation of big data and essential facilities categories, analysis of interrelation and size of big data processing costs, building a model of big data operator behavior when supplying firms on neighboring markets with processed information. It is shown that big data in processed form can be attributed to essential facilities as their collection and processing are connected to high initial costs which block possibility of their duplication by competitors. However, the peculiarity of it as essential facilities is that they do not completely limit the possibility of entering the market, but determine the competitiveness of firms in it, which causes the growth of the importance of such an entry barrier as the formation of customer loyalty. Such results raise the question of the need and ways to regulate access to big data as essential facilities, since their incorrect regulation or lack of such can lead to a decrease in the markets or supply chains performance and the effectiveness of industrial or antimonopoly regulation.
Les gloses de Melendus et l'apparat d'Alain l'Anglais sur le Décret de Gratien
Authors: Fransen Gérard
Published: December 2022

The glosses of Melendus and the Apparatus criti-cus of Alain l'Anglais on the Gratian Decree.

The manuscript 2882 (n° 8 in the Beer’s catalog) of the capitular library of Seu d’Urgell has an unpublished gloss on the Gratian decree in folios 139-156. Some passages of this gloss can be read equally (and literally) in the margins of the ms 28 of the capitular library in Gniezno (Poland). Other extracts (or summaries) are incorporated in the apparartus of lus Naturale , work of Alain l’Anglais, conserved at Urgell (2009 anc. n° 113). These extracts, as well in Gniezno as in Urgell, carry the abbreviation M. The most recent pontifical text as it is referred to, is one from Lucius III (1161-65). There is no other canonist for the period than «Melendus Hispanus », whose name begins with M. and who is conform to the characteristics described by the text. He taught in Bologna, Vicenza, and became bishop of Osma from 1210 onwards.
Les moines juristes
Authors: Gilles Henri
Published: December 2022

In the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, many monks in the Benedictine order obtained legal degrees in southern French universities. While serving as abbots of the important monasteries in the south, they also pursued brilliant teaching careers in the service of the Church or of secular powers. Recounted here are the accomplishments of some of the more illustrious personalities : Bernard de Montmirat, abbot of Montmajour, Bertrand de Montaigu, abbot of Moissac, Arnaud Nouvel, abbot of Fonfroide, Bertrand de La Tour, abbot of Saint-Papoul, Barthélemy, abbot of Alet and Jean de Jean, abbot of Joncels.
La canonistique française et la péninsule ibérique
Authors: García y García Antonio
Published: December 2022

Dans cette étude se trouvent, en premier lieu, les résultats d’une enquête menée principalement dans les cinq bibliothèques possédant les fonds juridiques les plus importants de la période médiévale, où l’on trouve des manuscrits comportant les oeuvres de cinquante et un auteurs. Certaines de ces oeuvres n’étaient pas connues jusqu’à maintenant. En second lieu, il a semblé intéressant de considérer les réélaborations ibériques des oeuvres de la canonistique française méridionale et les oeuvres d’auteurs ibériques qui s’inspirent très clairement de cette dernière, ainsi la traduction castillane du Libellus fugitivus de Neveu de Montauban, une réélaboration du Candalbrum iuris, une utilisation du Liber Synodalis de Nîmes de 1252, les constitutions du Concile de Valladolid présidé par Guillaume Peyre de Godin (1323), un manuscrit des Consilia d’Oldrado da Ponte de Laude et le traité du juriste majorquin Juan Burgunyô en faveur de Boniface VIII.
Les conciles méridionaux aux XIIIe et XIVe siècles
Authors: Vidal Henri
Published: December 2022

Thirteen councils held in the Narbonne region and in Albi in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries adopted 489 canons. (I) One can study their typology and the rules which regulated the convocations and meetings. (II) The canons, which are very juridical in character, deal very little with political events and theology. They are rarely inspired by Scripture, custom or learned law, but borrow heavily from previous ecumenical and provincial councils. The canons concerning Jews are typical of this tendency.
Sources et caractères du livre synodal de Raimond de Calmont d'Olt, évêque de Rodez (1289)
Authors: Avril Joseph
Published: December 2022

The synodal book, promulgated by the Bishop of Rodez Raimond de Calmont d’Olt in 1289, holds an original position within the synodal laws, as it stands at the meeting point of two types of statutes : on the one hand the synodal of the West of France, on the other hand the statutes of Nîmes. One has also been able to note that the Parisian statutes of Eudes de Sully were very quickly introduced into the Southern dioceses. The synodal book of Rodez consists of two parts : the first one, essentially dogmatic is made up of comments (Credo, Decalogues), and of dogmatic treaties (penitence, Eucharist, order), whereas the second one, much more canonical, leaves a big part to excommunication and the execution of the summons in front of the ecclesiastical courts. Finally, this handbook, adopted in Cahors, Tulle ans Albi, was to remain in use until the end of the Middle Ages.
La cathédrale et la ville : Maguelone-Montpellier (XIIIe-XIVe siècle)
Authors: Dérens Jean-Arnault
Published: December 2022

The town of Montpellier is a case in itself. Though a large town, it was not an episcopal seat ; the town belonged to Maguelone diocese. The development of the town avoided the episcopal area of Montpelliéret, wich was of a very limited importance. The rights of the bishop on the town remained essentialy theoritical, even if his possessions there were rather numerous. It did not seem that the bishop or the cathedral of Maguelone took an important place in the religious habits of the people. The testimony given by the wills is very clear in this regard. The bishop did not play any specific part in the processions either. The bishop’s intervention in the life of the city was done indirectly by the prior of par-rochial church of Saint-Firmin. No privileged relationship was actually established between Maguelone and the largest city of the diocese. we observe many intermediary situations ranging from building matters, titled dignities, recruitment rules to the relationships with bishops. Regular chapters had tried, as the one in Toulouse, to resist papal conferments ; they set up a parallel connection for granting benefices. As soon as the XIIIth century, the introduction of a privileged, clerical population, holding several prebends simultaneously and purveying states’servants, modified relationships between communities and cities without any disruption of the divine service, thanks to the improvement of residence assured by a substituting team of clerics. In this circle, knowledge, more than the nobility of origines, was the fountain of prestige.
La cathédrale dans les textes canoniques méridionaux
Authors: Gilles Henri
Published: December 2022

Les canonistes se sont peu préoccupés de la cathédrale. Ils sont unanimes à reconnaître que la création en est réservée au pape, mais le droit canonique porte avant tout sur les problèmes relatifs à l’édification et à l’entretien des cathédrales, ainsi que sur leurs privilèges et leurs charges. Le siège épiscopal doit être placé au milieu du chœur. La construction incombe à la fabrique, pourvue de revenus propres. L’évêque établit les plans de l’édifice avec le chapitre, mais peut agir même sans le consentement de ce dernier. La cathédrale est aussi lieu d’asile. L’établissement d’une chapelle doit toujours faire l’objet d’une autorisation de l’évêque.

La cathédrale a le droit d’avoir sept cloches (contre deux ou trois aux autres églises). Le synode diocésain doit se tenir dans la cathédrale, considérée comme la paroisse de tout le diocèse. L’évêque et les chanoines y sont ensevelis. La cathédrale est habilitée à recueillir la succession de l’évêque défunt. Elle possède également un dépôt d’archives.
Les écoles cathédrales méridionales. Etat de la question
Authors: Verger Jacques
Published: December 2022

Les écoles cathédrales du Midi n’ont jamais été très nombreuses ni très actives. On y enseignait surtout la grammaire et le droit canon. Elles disparaissent, pour la plupart, au XIVe siècle. Les évêques ont cependant cherché à garder, par le moyen de la licentia docendi, un certain contrôle sur les divers types d’écoles qui se sont développées à partir du XIIIe siècle dans les villes du Midi. Ils ont aussi gardé pendant longtemps, spécialement à Montpellier et Avignon, une réelle autorité sur les universités. Ils sont donc restés, jusqu’à la fin du Moyen Age, conscients de leurs responsabilité dans le domaine de l’éducation.
Les trésors des cathédrales de la vallée du Rhône aux XIVe et XVe siècles
Authors: Léonelli Marie-Claude
Published: December 2022

Les trésors des cathédrales, dont il ne subsiste que très peu de pièces, sont avant tout connus par des textes. Dans leur composition viennent en tête les reliques, les châsses et les reliquaires, les plus beaux étant en général exposés à la vue des fidèles. Ils comportent ensuite des éléments du mobilier cultuel (calices, encensoirs, etc.), des livres, des vêtements liturgiques, des pièces de parement et, quelquefois, des objets profanes. Le saint patron de la cathédrale est le possesseur du trésor, dont le chapitre est gestionnaire. Certains éléments tiennent à des importations venues d’Orient à la faveur des croisades ou par le com- merce. La plupart provient de dons des évêques et des chanoines, mais aussi de laïcs : princes ou corps de métiers. Des aliénations précoces, puis des pillages systématiques ont appauvri les trésors. Il reste la description de quelques-unes des œuvres les plus prestigieuses. Les inventaires donnent des indications sur la dévotion. Ainsi un mobilier renouvelé met-il en valeur l’eucharistie et l’orfèvrerie sacrée vise, dans tous les cas, à l’expression d’une réalité supérieure.
Les catalogues médiévaux et le pillage des bibliothèques languedociennes
Authors: Lemaitre Jean-Loup
Published: December 2022

Medieval Catalogs and Theft in Languedocian Libraries.

Very few medieval manuscripts are stored in the libraries of the Languedoc and many of them don’t come from regional communities but from gifts, legacies, state dispositings. But the old catalogs give us a well defined knowledge of the Languedocian libraries during the Ancien Regime.

This poverty comes from the plundering of the libraries, for the advantage of important Parisian collectors : Fouquet, Colbert in particu¬ lar, by intendants such as d’Aguesseau and Foucault and bishops such as the cardinal de Bonzy, the archbischop of Narbonne. All sought out manuscripts in order to give them to the minister in hope of obtaining his favour. The Bibliothèque royale received most of the books collected by Colbert. That’s why one can find the major medieval manuscripts of Languedoc in the Bibliothèque nationale de France.
Les bibliothèques des universités et collèges du Midi
Authors: Verger Jacques
Published: December 2022

Le livre jouait un rôle essentiel dans la vie universitaire. On s’est limité ici à l’étude des bibliothèques « publiques » des universités et des collèges. On sait que deux des cinq universités et vingt au moins des trente-six collèges méridionaux ont possédé une bibliothèque ; on a au moins un inventaire pour quatorze de ces bibliothèques.

Sont étudiés successivement l’origine de ces bibliothèques, leur taille, leur contenu. Celui-ci éclaire dans une certaine mesure l’orientation doctrinale et les préoccupations intellectuelles des maîtres et étudiants méridionaux.

On a également rassemblé, à partir des statuts, un certain nombre d’indications sur l’organisation matérielle des bibliothèques et les conditions de travail qu’elles offraient aux lecteurs.
Observations sur les manuscrits religieux de Jacques d’Armagnac
Authors: Blackman Susan Amato
Published: December 2022

On connaît bien aujourd’hui la collection de manuscrits de Jacques d’Armagnac. Il possédait autour de cent vingt volumes, les trois quarts réalisés entre 1459 et 1474, les autres hérités de ses parents et de Jean de Berry. Un lien très fort attachait sa famille et lui-même aux Franciscains et à l’ordre de sainte Colette. Trente-cinq des manuscrits de Jacques d’Armagnac avaient un contenu religieux. L’un d’eux réunissait un livres d’heures et un missel. Le duc possédait un autre livre d’heures dont on ignore le propriétaire actuel. Dans sa bibliothèque figuraient aussi des ouvrages de dévotion avec d’autres livres liturgiques et des traités didactiques ou spirituels à forte coloration franciscaine. Les portraits que comportent ces manuscrits montrent Nemours en train de prier ou d’assister à la messe.
La prédication ancienne en Catalogne. L’activité canoniale
Authors: Moran Josep
Published: December 2022

Ancient Preaching in Catalonia. Canonical Activity.

The first written examples of preaching in vulgar language existing in Catalonia are the homilies of Organyà and of Tortosa, preserved in manuscripts of the end of the 12th century or the beginning of the 13th. The Organyà manuscript, very incomplete, presents only six whole sermons of Quadragesima, and some fragments of two others, in Catalan language, all of them of a very stem and penitential nature. The manuscript from Tortosa, with 22 sermons, the last one incomplete, offers information of a great value concerning the popular religiosity of the time ; its sermons are all written in Provençal language. The Ash Wednesday sermon, being common to Organyà and Tortosa, demonstrates the close relationship between both books of homilies, wich give evidence of the pastoral activity of the Augustinian canonical abbeys in Organyà and Tortosa, founded according to the Saint-Ruf d’Avignon model.
Les sermons de Jacques de Vitry sur les cathares
Authors: Muessig Carolyn
Published: December 2022

Jacques de Vitry’s sermons on the Cathars.

Although Jacques de Vitry (✝ 1240) preached against the Cathars in Lotharingia, in the north of France, and in the Midi during the Albigensian Crusade, we do not know the exact content of this preaching. However, Jacques de Vitry’s Sermones feriales et communes collection contains a hitherto unexamined sermon which addresses the Cathar heresy. The rhetoric used in this sermon, indicates, to some degree, the language and ideas that our preacher employed during the Albigensian Crusade. However, some of the rhetoric also reflects Pope Gregory IX ’s policy against the Cathars during the early stages of the Inquisition. Jacques de Vitry, as cardinal-bishop of Tusculum, worked closely with Gregory IX ; it is therefore not surprising that his rhetoric mirrors papal policy. Thus, this text is not merely a later redaction of a sermon preached during the Albigensian Crusade, it is also an indication of papal attitude toward the Cathars during the early years of the Inquisition.
Deux collations d’Armand de Belvézer sur saint Thomas d’Aquin
Authors: Lavene Béatrice
Published: December 2022

Two Short Sermons by Armand of Belvézer on Saint Thomas of Aquinus.

Armand of Belvézer was a Dominican cleric who held important functions in the Avignon court during the first third of the fourteenth century. He left several written works concerning the Psalter, including a collection of about a hundred short sermons which formed the main part of his works, at least in volume. Among these sermons, two recalled Saint Thomas of Aquinus ; they were probably written about 1328, that is to say only a few years after the angelical doctor’s canonization. In these two texts, Armand of Belvézer asserted that Saint Thomas’s holiness was undeniable and therefore that his doctrine was faultless. He based his arguments on many images, particularly taken from nature. Ultimately, Armand of Belvézer proposed Saint Thomas of Aquinus as an example for clerics.
Les sermons populaires de l’abbé de Joncels
Authors: Gilles Henri
Published: December 2022

Retiré dans son monastère après une carrière de professeur de droit canon et de diplomate au service du Saint-Siège, l’abbé de Joncels, auteur du Memoriale Decreti a laissé en outre un recueil de Sermones populares, réellement prononcés par lui. Ils sont rédigés dans un latin truffé d’expressions romanes, car Jean de Jean a souvent recours à la langue occitane. Les exempla qu’il utilise sont empruntés à des faits locaux ou bien à son expérience personnelle. Il fait dans ses sermons une place importante au culte de la Vierge et des saints. Il évoque égale- ment des personnages historiques et il a recours à des fables et à des données tirées de la vie quotidienne ; il développe en effet une morale populaire bien plus qu’une théologie savante.

La prédication de Jean de Jean affecte donc un caractère méridional très marqué.
La commémoration des défunts à Saint-Pons-de-Thomières
Authors: Lemaitre Jean-Loup
Published: December 2022

Remembrance of the dead in St-Pons-de-Thomières.

The necrology of the St-Pons de Thomières (Paris, BNF, lat.5229), composed in the XIIIth century with 8 000 names, is one of richest and the best conserved languedocian document of this sort. It was the only one still in use in the XIVth in an abbey transformed cathedral. Primitively, this necrology, a treasure for anthroponomy, recorded Christian names. The name of the most notorious defuncts came up with their quality (kings, popes, archbishops, abbots, bishops, knights) which gave a hint of the geographical area (mainly Languedoc, Aragon with a small part of Aquitaine) covered by the tradition of remembrance in St-Pons de Thomières. Small annotations in margins revealed the evolution in the practice of remembrance. In the XIIIth, individual commemoration, with an office or a remembrance mass was prefered to the collective commemoration in the chapter.
La mort et l’hérésie : des hérétiques de l’An Mil à Pierre de Bruis et à Henri, dit de Lausanne
Authors: Taviani-Carozzi Huguette
Published: December 2022

Les sectes hérétiques les mieux connues de la période de l’An Mil en Occident, celles d’Orléans, d’Arras et de Monteforte en Piémont, professent une attitude identique devant la mort : la mort violente peut seule, au terme d’une initiation fondée sur la faculté de connaissance, permettre à l’individu d’accéder au salut dans un contact direct avec Dieu, qui exclut toute médiation et toute intercession. Un siècle plus tard environ, Pierre de Bruis et Henri, dit de Lausanne, dont la prédication trouve sur ce point un terrain favorable en Provence et en Languedoc, contestent l’utilité de l’intercession pour les défunts. Bien qu’indirects et limités à la réfutation et à la condamnation de certaines de leurs propositions, les témoignages permettent toutefois de reconstituer leur démarche de salut, seule susceptible de justifier le rejet des suffrages pour les morts. Cette démarche, de type gnostique elle aussi, présente d’étroites analogies avec celle des hérétiques de l’An Mil et invite à s’interroger sur la mort de Pierre de Bruis, brûlé sur un bûcher à Saint-Gilles.
De Beaucaire (1211) à Alès (1323), les revenants et leurs révélations sur l’au-delà
Authors: Polo de Beaulieu Marie-Anne
Published: December 2022

Deux dialogues avec des revenants, menés à un siècle de distance dans deux villes méridionales, Beaucaire (1211) et Alès (1323), sont analysés. Leurs modalités d’énonciation sont comparées de manière à préciser les spécificités de chaque texte. À partir de cette analyse, on tente de dégager les points forts de la doctrine chrétienne : la définition de la bonne mort, le retour des revenants, le feu purgatoire et l’efficacité des suffrages. Des divergences apparaissent à propos de la géographie de l’au-delà, de la nature du revenant et des anges qui l’accompagnent. On s’efforce de distinguer parmi ces divergences celles qui attestent une évolution contrôlée par l’Église et celles qui se glissent dans les flous et les silences d’une doctrine incapable de représenter concrètement le jugement individuel post mortem.
Les cloîtres-cimetières du Roussillon
Authors: Mallet Géraldine
Published: December 2022

En Roussillon, l’existence de cinq cloîtres-cimetières à enfeux préfabriqués est attestée par des vestiges, des sondages ou des textes. Le plus important et le mieux conservé est sans conteste celui de l’ancienne collégiale, aujourd’hui cathédrale, Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Perpignan. Il a été construit entre la fin du XIIIe siècle et la première moitié du XIVe siècle, comme les quatre autres. Ces derniers ont été élevés dans l’enceinte des couvents perpignanais des Dominicains, Franciscains et Carmes et dans celle des Cordeliers de Villefranche-de-Clonflent. On suppose que le couvent des Prêcheurs de Collioure en possédait également un.
La circulation des Évangiles en France méridionale et en Espagne
Authors: Brunel-Lobrichon Geneviève
Published: December 2022

Gospel Spreading in Southern France and Spain.

Researchers work essentially on handwriten occitan archives. Few occitan manuscripts of the Gospel were preserved.

They tended only to refer to specific paragraphs of the Gospel according to St John : - From chapters XII or XIII to chapter XVII.

They were aggregated to paraliturgical texts and spread over Southern France and Catalunya among religious circles influenced by the XIIth-XIIIth centuries spiritual trends of these regions.