bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lessons learnt from the implementation of the Covid-19 vaccination programme in the Southwest of England
Authors: Berrou Ilhem , Hobbs Laura , Jones Sue , Hughes Sian , Bailey Hannah , Quigg Sally , Manning Thomas , Morris Anne
Published: August 2024

Background

Vaccination remains one of the most successful public health interventions in preventing severe disease and death. The roll-out of Covid-19 vaccination programmes has helped protect billions of people around the world against Covid-19. Most of these programmes have been unprecedented in terms of scale and resources, and have been implemented at times of significant humanitarian crisis. This study aims to outline the lessons learnt from the implementation of a regional Covid-19 vaccination programme. These will help inform emergency preparedness and future crisis management.

Methods

This qualitative study sought to explore the key drivers to the successful implementation of the Covid-19 vaccination programme in a region in the Southwest of England, applying the Normalisation Process Theory lens (NPT) to examine multi-stakeholder perspectives. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews with 75 participants. Document analysis was also used to corroborate the findings emerging from the interviews. Inductive thematic analysis of the data was used to identify the key drivers for the successful implementation of the programme. The NPT lens was then applied to map the themes identified to the domains and constructs of the framework.

Results

Ten key drivers to the successful implementation of the Covid-19 vaccination programme locally were identified, including: the clarity and consistency of the programme’s goal; the diverse representation of stakeholders within the programme leadership team and the mechanisms created by this team to ensure psychological safety, autonomy, operational flexibility and staff empowerment; Communication and data specialists’ input, and collaboration with local communities to maximise the reach of the programme; and allocating funding to tackle health inequalities.

Conclusions

This study highlights the lessons learnt from the implementation of the Covid-19 vaccination programme at a local level, and the mechanisms that can be used in future crises to respond efficiently to the needs of individuals, communities and governments.
Resensitization to colistin results in rapid and stable recovery of adherence, serum resistance and ompW in Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Boral Jale , Vatansever Cansel , Ozcan Gulin , Keske Siran , Menekse Sirin , Gonen Mehmet , Can Fusun
Published: August 2024

Background

Colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii is an emerging problem that limits antimicrobial therapy options.

Materials & methods

We isolated two pairs of colistin susceptible and colistin-resistant A. baumannii (K1007/K1006 and K408/K409) from two patients diagnosed with carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii infection. Colistin susceptible isolates were exposed to in vitro colistin induction for 50 generations. The selected cell populations were subjected to DNA and RNA sequencing and phenotypic assays.

Results

In the in vitro induction assay, K408 gained colistin resistance on the corresponding day of clinical resistance (K408-G25) and got resensitized to colistin in the consecutive generation (K408-G26). A significant upregulation of ompW, ata, adeFGH genes on K408-G25 was followed by a downregulation upon resensitization to colistin (G26). Despite the upregulation of the ompW gene in transcriptomic analysis, the ompW protein disappeared on K408-G25 and recovered in the resensitized generation (G26). In parallel, disrupted cell membrane integrity recovered in K408-G26. In the K408-G25, downregulation of pbpG and upregulation of pbp1a/pbp3 genes decreased serum-resistance which was reversed in the resensitized generation (G26). The K1007 did not gain colistin resistance amongst 50-generations, however, the generation corresponding to clinical resistance day (K1007-G9) had a similar trend with K408-G25. The clinical colistin-resistant K409 and K1006 had SNPs on pmrA and pmrB genes.

Conclusion

In this study, we observed that A. baumannii regulates adhesion, efflux pumps and serum-resistance associated genes as an early response to colistin stress. Besides, the ompW protein disappears in the cell membrane of colistin resistant cells which recovers after resensitization to colistin. The lack of ompW protein in colistin-resistant cells should be taken into consideration for escape mutants in development of antivirulence vaccination or treatment options.
Knockout of the orphan membrane transporter Slc22a23 leads to a lean and hyperactive phenotype with a small hippocampal volume
Authors: Uchimura Yasuhiro , Hino Kodai , Hattori Kosuke , Kubo Yoshinori , Owada Airi , Kimura Tomoko , Sugawara Lucia , Kume Shinji , Bellier Jean-Pierre , Yanagisawa Daijiro , Shiino Akihiko , Nakayama Takahisa , Daigo Yataro , Mashimo Tomoji , Udagawa Jun
Published: August 2024

Epidemiological studies suggest that poor nutrition during pregnancy predisposes offspring to the development of lifestyle-related noncommunicable diseases and psychiatric disorders later in life. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this predisposition are not well understood. In our previous study, using rats as model animals, we showed that behavioral impairments are induced by prenatal undernutrition. In this study, we identified solute carrier 22 family member 23 (Slc22a23) as a gene that is irreversibly upregulated in the rat brain by undernutrition during fetal development. Because the substrate of the SLC22A23 transporter has not yet been identified and the biological role of the Slc22a23 gene in vivo is not fully understood, we generated pan-Slc22a23 knockout rats and examined their phenotype in detail. The Slc22a23 knockout rats showed a lean phenotype, an increase in spontaneous locomotion, and improved endurance, indicating that they are not overweight and are even healthier in an ad libitum feeding environment. However, the knockout rats had reduced hippocampal volume, and the behavioral analysis suggested that they may have impaired cognitive function regarding novel objects.
Steroid profiling in human primary teeth via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for long-term retrospective steroid measurement
Authors: Wu Ruolan S. , Hamden Jordan E. , Salehzadeh Melody , Li Michael X. , Poudel Asmita , Schmidt Kim L. , Kobor Michael S. , Soma Kiran K.
Published: August 2024

Steroid hormones are important modulators of many physiological processes, and measurements of steroids in blood, saliva, and urine matrices are widely used to assess endocrine pathologies and stress. However, these matrices cannot be used to retrospectively assess early-life stress and developmental endocrine pathologies, because they do not integrate steroid levels over the long term. A novel biological matrix in which to measure steroids is primary teeth (or “baby teeth”). Primary teeth develop early in life and accumulate various endogenous molecules during their gradual formation. Here, we developed and validated the first assay to measure steroids in human primary teeth using liquid chromatography-tandem spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Our assay is highly sensitive, specific, accurate, and precise. It allows for the simultaneous quantification of 17 steroids in primary teeth (16 of which have not been examined previously in primary teeth). Overall, steroid levels in primary teeth were relatively low, and 8 steroids were quantifiable. Levels of dehydroepiandrosterone, cortisol, and progesterone were the highest of the 17 steroids examined. Next, we used this assay to perform steroid profiling in primary teeth from males and females. The same 8 steroids were quantifiable, and no sex differences were found. Levels of androgens (androstenedione and testosterone) were positively correlated, and levels of glucocorticoids (cortisol, cortisone, corticosterone, 11-dehydrocorticosterone) were also positively correlated. These data demonstrate that multiple steroids can be quantified by LC-MS/MS in human primary teeth, and this method potentially provides a powerful new way to retrospectively assess early-life stress and developmental endocrine pathologies.
MAGA to the Maxson: Apocalyptic America and Fallout 4’s Brotherhood of Steel
Authors: Call Josh , Lecaque Thomas
Published: August 2024

American political rhetoric has become increasingly zealous in its use of right-wing, Christofascist and apocalyptic imagery. While its contemporary moment is deeply connected to the current Make America Great Again (MAGA) movement, it has a much longer history in American popular culture. This article specifically links this contemporary movement to the Fallout franchise, a popular post-apocalyptic video game series to illuminate cultural patterns of America’s apocalyptic political rhetoric. The video game series begins as a trope-laden post-apocalyptic western of survival by the gun. Later and more recent iterations have emphasized settler-colonialist nation building, and other forms of troubling American exceptionalism in a post-nuclear world. The explicit connections between these militaristic and political conceits is so ubiquitous in American media that it has become a cultural point of identity.
Acciones universitarias para el desarrollo emprendedor
Authors: Braidot Nestor Bruno , Cardozo Alejandro Pablo , César Rubén
Published: August 2024

Desde hace varias décadas las universidades realizan diversas actividades orientadas a potenciar el desarrollo emprendedor de su alumnado en un contexto complejo, volátil y de creciente impacto tecnológico y digital en el mundo del trabajo. Como derivación la educación emprendedora se ha ido constituyendo en una disciplina específica. En ese marco el trabajo tuvo dos objetivos principales. Profundizar sobre las principales características de la educación emprendedora, el diseño y contenidos de los programas habitualmente ofrecidos y el perfil necesario del profesorado interviniente; y realizar un análisis comparativo de la actividad desarrollada en este campo por universidades argentinas de gestión pública y privada. El relevamiento efectuado puso en evidencia la carencia de medición de impacto como la mayor debilidad de las acciones encaradas.
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PRODUK MELALUI MANAJEMEN PRODUKSI DAN INOVASI KEMASAN PADA USAHA KOPI BUBUK PUSAKO BUNDO
Authors: Malse anggia  , Meiki Eru Putra  , Sari Octavera
Published: August 2024

This Community Service Program (PkM) aims to solve the difficulties faced by the Pusako Bundo coffee business in Kenagarian Pasie Laweh. The problems faced by partners are the production system that is still simple, the low production capacity so that producers have not met market needs. Efforts to improve product quality are carried out with assistance and training in production management. The activities carried out are in the form of increasing knowledge in the processing of coffee processing processes with the application of technology, so as to be able to prepare raw material needs and make production records, know product sanitation and innovation efforts. The implementation of the community service program has been able to provide good packaging, and provide knowledge to partners about good production systems to produce products with better quality and activity have a significant impact on the sustainability of the partner's business and have a significant impact on the sustainability of partners' businesses.
SOSIALISASI CALON RELAWAN PRODUK HALAL BAGI MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS SULTAN AGENG TIRTAYASA
Authors: Rochmat Agus , Yayan Maryani  , Ika Rifqiawati  , Herayati  , Ahmad Bukhari  , Ina Indriana  , M. Ganiadi
Published: August 2024

Students as agents of change in society are required to take part in the halal certification program. The Socialization of Halal Product Process Assistance (PPH) for students is aimed at preparing halal volunteers and halal supervisors who help small and medium-sized businesses to obtain halal certification. The socialization activity was designed in three stages: introduction of halal certification, the flow of registration for filing halal certification, and simulation of preparing administration for filling halal certificates. All of instructors described clearly and providing problems that should be solved. The aim of this activity is to create halal volunteers or supervisors who can assist UMKM in applying for halal certificates.
Ecos revolucionarios en el Caribe. Medio siglo de influencia cubana en la Venezuela contemporánea (1958-2013
Authors: Dámaso Luis León Ángel
Published: August 2024

Pocos vínculos han generado tanto revuelo en América Latina como el desplegado en los últimos decenios entre Cuba y Venezuela. Fruto de una visión similar de la realidad interna y sobre todo externa, estos dos países o mejor dicho sus regímenes, han establecido unas estrechas relaciones que han generado reacciones de todo tipo en la escena internacional y dentro de los propios países. La realidad es que la historia común, o al menos cercana, de estos dos países no comienza con la aproximación de Hugo Chávez y del bolivarianismo a la Revolución Cubana. Antes de la llegada de este militar golpista posteriormente electo por los venezolanos se producen una serie de choques, intercambios y enfrentamientos que condicionan una parte importante de la realidad caribeña y latinoamericana de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. En esta obra lo que se realiza es un repaso por esa historia larga que se desarrolla en un contexto que va desde la caída de las dictaduras de Fulgencio Batista y Marcos Pérez Jiménez y que llega hasta el fallecimiento de Chávez, ya iniciado el siglo XXI. En la misma se observarán los intentos cubanos por incidir en la política venezolana, los encontronazos ligados a la dinámica de Guerra Fría y a la cuestión guerrillera, los períodos de cierta calma entre ambos países y el casi constante retorno de las tiranteces entre una Cuba que busca influir en Venezuela, y una Venezuela que intenta adaptarse a las nuevas realidades que van surgiendo con el paso del tiempo. Todo ello culminado por un análisis exhaustivo de la reciente, progresiva y creciente influencia de la experiencia liderada por Fidel Castro en una Venezuela cuyo liderazgo abraza sin tapujos el legado de la revolución insular.
Pedagogía de la infancia y la adolescencia
Authors: Martínez-Otero Pérez Valentín
Published: August 2024

La educación, en sus múltiples facetas y etapas, es la clave del desarrollo personal y social. Este libro, fruto de estudios, experiencias y reflexiones compartidas, se presenta como una contribución pedagógica a una educación que a menudo se ve limitada por la burocratización, la mercantilización y la deshumanización crecientes. En este contexto, la obra adopta una perspectiva holística con objeto de optimizar la personalidad infantil y adolescente. La pedagogía, como ciencia humanista al servicio del proceso perfectivo, brinda valiosas orientaciones a lo largo de la vida. Estructuralmente, los capítulos que conforman esta monografía abarcan desde los primeros años de la educación infantil hasta la adolescencia en la educación secundaria. Se abordan de modo conexo áreas educativas complejas de especial interés, como la sensorial, la moral, la intelectual, la creativa y la tecnológica. Además, se destaca la importancia de la actividad físico-deportiva en el desarrollo integral. Aunque no se incluyen todos los campos y dimensiones, se pretende alumbrar la labor formativa y fomentar un despliegue personal equilibrado y unitario. Pedagogía de la infancia y la adolescencia no es ajena a los muchos elementos, circunstancias y dificultades que concurren en la formación de la persona. En conjunto, se han recogido y sistematizado algunas ideas, experiencias y propuestas que pueden servir de referencia para profesionales, padres, responsables políticos y todos aquellos interesados en el gran asunto de la educación. Se incluyen en sus páginas, en comunicación abierta con la comunidad, planteamientos teóricos y estrategias prácticas para enfrentar colaborativamente muchos de los retos educativos de nuestro tiempo. Expresamos el deseo de que la obra, que concluye con una extensa bibliografía, inspire y guíe a sus lectores en la profunda tarea de educar, tanto en lo que respecta a la formación integral de la personalidad como a la construcción de una sociedad más justa y humanizada.
LL37-mtDNA regulates viability, apoptosis, inflammation, and autophagy in lipopolysaccharide-treated RLE-6TN cells by targeting Hsp90aa1
Authors: Zuo Yunlong , Dang Run , Peng Hongyan , Hu Peidan , Yang Yiyu
Published: August 2024

Sepsis-induced acute lung injury is associated with lung epithelial cell injury. This study analyzed the role of the antimicrobial peptide LL37 with mitochondrial DNA (LL37–mtDNA) and its potential mechanism of action in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated rat type II alveolar epithelial cells (RLE-6TN cells). RLE-6TN cells were treated with LPS alone or with LL37–mtDNA, followed by transcriptome sequencing. Differentially expressed and pivotal genes were screened using bioinformatics tools. The effects of LL37–mtDNA on cell viability, inflammation, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and autophagy-related hallmark expression were evaluated in LPS-treated RLE-6TN cells. Additionally, the effects of Hsp90aa1 silencing following LL37–mtDNA treatment were investigated in vitro. LL37–mtDNA further suppressed cell viability, augmented apoptosis, promoted the release of inflammatory cytokines, increased ROS production, and elevated LC3B expression in LPS-treated RLE-6TN cells. Using transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics, ten candidate genes were identified, of which three core genes were verified to be upregulated in the LPS + LL37–mtDNA group. Additionally, Hsp90aa1 downregulation attenuated the effects of LL37–mtDNA on LPS-treated RLE-6TN cells. Hsp90aa1 silencing possibly acted as a crucial target to counteract the effects of LL37–mtDNA on viability, apoptosis, inflammation, and autophagy activation in LPS-treated RLE-6TN cells.
Unforeseen green tide of floating tubular Ulva meridionalis, a lethal threat to oyster farming, along the west coast of Taiwan: tracking its origin and ecophysiological insights
Authors: Su Chun-Yu , Fontana Silvia , Liu Shao-Lun
Published: August 2024

Ulva green tides have adversely affected coastal ecosystems. In June 2023 in Changhua County, Taiwan, an unprecedented floating tubular Ulva bloom spanning about 30 km of coastline caused about 30 % reduction in oyster yield as reported by local farmers. Understanding its taxonomic and ecological basis is crucial for preemptive and remedial measures. Based on molecular (rbcL and tufA) and morphological evidence, U
lva
meridionalis was the cause of this green tide. Haplotype network analysis (based on ITS) suggests that this green tide originated from northern China via the China Coastal Current. Historical survey data indicate that U. meridionalis arrived in Taoyuan Algal Reef (about 150 km north of the bloom area) as far back as 2018. Our ecophysiological experiments revealed that U. meridionalis exhibited a rapid daily growth rate with biomass increment up to 13–21 % when subjected to local nutrient-rich waters under lower salinity and spring-like conditions. Although historical ecological and poultry/livestock data analyses showed no noticeable change in sea surface temperature and rainfall over the past decade, a gradual rise in agricultural nitrogen and phosphorus output was observed. This taxonomic and ecological background lays the groundwork for long-term ecological monitoring. Moreover, this study exemplifies the detrimental impact of an unforeseen Ulva bloom on oyster farming.
Enhancement of hydrogen-rich gas production by acetic acid steam reforming: characterization of Ni–Co modified biochar-based catalysts
Authors: Lin Yucheng , Ma Tengjie , Chen Wei , Hu Junhao , Pang Shusheng , Chang Chun , Li Pan
Published: August 2024

The development of cost-effective and highly efficient biochar-based catalysts is essential for the catalytic steam reforming process of bio-oil. In this study, pickling peanut shell biochar was used to prepare biochar-supported Ni/Co monometallic catalyst and biochar-supported nickel-Co bimetallic catalyst through the impregnation method. The catalytic effect of these catalysts on acetic acid (a bio-oil model compound) steam reforming was investigated. It was found that Co could enhance the dispersion of metal particles. The catalyst exhibited the best catalytic effect and significantly improved resistance to carbon deposition with a loading of 8 wt% and a Ni-to-Co ratio of 6:2. At the temperature of 600 °C and the S/C ratio of 3, the selectivity of H2 reached 84.48 %, and the conversion of acetic acid reached 95.49 %. A synergistic effect was observed between Ni and Co, leading to increased metal dispersion, enhanced reducibility, and a higher number of active centers. Co facilitates water dissociation and promotes the oxidation of C–H and mobile O, resulting in a faster decarbonization rate. The effective utilization of biochar-based catalysts and the rational utilization of bio-oil contribute to the timely achievement of carbon emission reduction targets.
Protecting the profession: lessons from the recent physician scandals
Authors: Kelso R. Andrew , Schmidt Deborah , McLay Celia
Published: August 2024

Sexual abuse scandals in recent years have eroded some of the trust that is foundational for the physician–patient relationship. A closer analysis of some of these stories of abuse from the standpoint of medical professionalism, primarily utilizing the example of Larry Nassar, DO, yields potential ways in which instances of abuse may be reduced or eliminated. The goal of this paper is to elicit lessons that can be learned from these tragic sequences of events so that physicians, healthcare institutions, physician practices, medical boards, and even patients themselves can introduce measures that help prevent future stories like these.
A Study on Factors Influencing Digital Reading Behavior of Junior High School Students
Authors: Zhang Wenyan , Chen Xianggui , Zhang Junyao , Xu Sheng
Published: August 2024

The present study aimed to explore the impact pathway of digital reading willingness and behavior among junior high school students in Guangxi’s developed urban areas, so as to improve the digital reading quality of teenagers. This study took students from key junior high schools in Nanning, Guilin, and Liuzhou as the research subjects. The UTAUT model retained three factors, performance expectation, effort expectation, and social impact, while introducing two variables, perceived risk and immersive experience, to jointly develop a factor model for the digital reading behavior of junior high school students in Guangxi. After conducting a questionnaire survey using an “online + offline” method, 497 valid questionnaires were obtained. SPSS 23 was used to perform reliability and validity analysis and descriptive statistical analysis, while AMOS 26.0 was used to conduct discriminant validity analysis, model adaptation analysis, hypothesis testing, and path analysis. The research conclusion was that performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, and immersive experience all had a positive and significant impact on the digital reading willingness of junior high school students; performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, and immersive experience positively influenced their digital reading behavior through their digital reading willingness, while perceived risk was found to have no significant impact on digital reading willingness and corresponding behavior. This article used a composite research method to study a sample of student groups in specific regions. It was an early introduction of immersive experience and perceived risk indicators in the study of digital reading behavior, specifically exploring the digital reading patterns of junior high school students who had received less attention in previous studies but were in a critical period of growth.
Sostenibilidad de los huertos familiares: un análisis bibliométrico sobre patrones de publicación científica
Authors: Monroy Miranda Maribel , Martínez Gómez Gladys
Published: August 2024

Los huertos familiares han sido adoptados como una herramienta de política pública debido a su capacidad para proporcionar seguridad alimentaria, servicios ecosistémicos e ingresos económicos, así como preservar la memoria biocultural. Dada su importancia, esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la literatura científica de los últimos 10 años (2013-2023) mediante un análisis bibliométrico sobre patrones de publicación científica, con el fin de identificar las tendencias y ausencias de la investigación en el contexto de la sostenibilidad. Se analizaron 76 artículos indizados en las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science. Se identificaron tres grupos temáticos: (1) Sembrando sostenibilidad desde los huertos familiares, (2) Los huertos familiares y la preservación de la biodiversidad, y (3) Los huertos familiares como raíces sostenibles para conservación de la agrobiodiversidad. Estos grupos destacan el potencial de los agroecosistemas para preservar la biodiversidad, captar carbono, garantizar seguridad alimentaria y conservar la riqueza biocultural. El artículo enfatiza en la necesidad de realizar investigaciones que evalúen la resiliencia de estos huertos frente a los desafíos económicos y sociales, ya que, a pesar de ser agroecosistemas resilientes, tienen una tendencia a desaparecer.
Dados de aquisição da fala e da escrita e sua contribuição à discussão dos ditongos fonéticos [aj] e [ej] do PB
Authors: Antonio Adamoli Marco , Ruth Moresco Miranda Ana
Published: August 2024

O artigo discute questões que emergem tanto de dados ortográficos quanto do conhecimento fonológico de crianças em fase de aprendizagem da linguagem escrita, especificamente quanto aos ditongos fonéticos do Português do Brasil (PB). Dados de fala e escrita, coletados durante dois anos consecutivos com crianças que cursaram os dois primeiros anos do Ensino Fundamental, serão analisados com o objetivo de contribuir para com a discussão sobre a natureza dos ditongos fonéticos [aj] e [ej]. O foco do estudo recai sobre a discussão desses ditongos quando seguidos das consoantes fricativas palatais // e // e da líquida não lateral // que, graças ao status de segmentos complexos, têm sido consideradas gatilho para o surgimento da semivogal (cf. BISOL, 1989, 1994, 2012). Os resultados obtidos mostram que é possível problematizar a complexidade de tais segmentos nos dados desenvolvimentais e apontam para o efeito reestruturador da aquisição de um sistema de escrita alfabética sobre o conhecimento fonológico infantil.
Fronteiras da interculturalidade
Authors: De Fátima Bento Ribeiro Maria , Bartz de Ávila Cristiane
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho pretendedescrever o espaço que se constituiu na zona rural de Pelotas, situada no Rio Grande do Sul, e que foi permeado por culturas de diversas etnias. Durante o século XIX, destacamos a presença do português, do indígena e do negro, e neste contexto existiu uma grande animosidade em virtude de interesses antagônicos. Aproximando-se aos pressupostos da abolição, as autoridades adotaram como estratégia para ocupar o territórioa fundação de colônias, restringindo os espaços dos negros. Assim, foram fundadas colônias de imigrantes franceses, alemães, pomeranos e italianos. Cerqueira e Silva (2011), autores que nos ajudam na reflexão, escrevemque a zona rural em questão foi constituída por um mosaico cultural. Diante do exposto, acreditamos que se faz necessária a discussão acerca da convivência das etnias citadas, bem como daconfiguração das fronteiras estabelecidas a partir dessas experiências.
Da clivagem do corpo com o dizer
Authors: De Souza Pedro
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo propõe abordar um evento de identificação entre o sujeito que canta e sua própria voz. Trata-se de um trabalho de análise enunciativa e discursiva aplicado à cena do documentário Música é Perfume, dirigido por Georges Gachot. No trecho selecionado desta cinebiografia a cantora Maria Bethânia é tomada pelas câmeras ouvindo e falando sobre como percebe a própria voz, enquanto canta a canção Melodia Sentimental, de Heitor Villa Lobos. O procedimento analítico busca confrontar, ao longo da mesma cena, o discurso de outros e o discurso do próprio sujeito sobre a voz que emite ao cantar.
Gêneros discursivos em diálogo
Authors: Discini Norma
Published: August 2024

A partir da noção de gênero discursivo, tido como um “enunciado relativamente estável”, processado por meio de uma estrutura composicional, uma temática e um estilo, interrogamos a figura da mulher instalada no discurso como personagem. Essa figura – também concebida como ator do enunciado - remete a distintos modos de dizer, que dizem respeito a cenas enunciativas fundadoras de diversos estilos, contíguos a um corpo autoral - entendido, este, como efeito de identidade produzido no interior dos próprios textos. Esse corpo: (i) responsivo às coerções da esfera da comunicação e aos ideais históricos e sociais; (ii) esboçado no tratamento ético e estético imprimido à mulher que habita as cenas enunciadas - deve emergir segundo determinada orientação aspectual. Teremos um corpo ou perfectivo ou imperfectivo, em recuperação do conceito linguístico de aspecto, vinculado à categoria de pessoa – o que deve confirmar o dialogismo constitutivo do enunciado e da enunciação.
Os desafios de um analista de discurso
Authors: Cristina Leandro Ferreira Maria
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo oferece um breve panorama da Análise de Discurso e uma notícia de suas práticas atuais no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil e França (marcando a diferença entre essas duas últimas); bem como uma amostra da tarefa a que se propõem os analistas. Para tal, destaca o caráter militante da área e seu comprometimento em expor ao olhar do leitor a opacidade do texto. No percurso do texto são revistas as noções de corpo, arte e cultura, recentemente incorporadas à AD, destacando o quão delicada é a tarefa de demarcar os limites – não limitações – desse quadro teórico. Por fim, é acentuada a necessidade da atuação de analistas de discurso, mobilizando seu aporte teórico, nesses momentos críticos da história, em que os sujeitos parecem estar mais suscetíveis à dominação/submissão. A lição de Pêcheux continua cada vez mais atual e fazendo sentido para nós, analistas de discurso.
Meu partido é o Rio Grande? Pontuação e ensino pelos caminhos da análise do discurso
Authors: Resmini Grantham Marilei
Published: August 2024

Este texto estuda a pontuação sob os princípios teóricos da Análise do Discurso, e, de forma específica, o ponto de interrogação.  Toma como objeto de reflexão dois enunciados: “Meu partido é o Rio Grande?” –  Título de um artigo publicado na Zero Hora em 2015[1] e escrito por Jeferson Fernandes, deputado estadual do PT na época – e o slogan “Meu partido é o Rio Grande”, proposto na campanha a governador do Rio Grande do Sul, em 2014, pela equipe de José Ivo Sartori. O objetivo do trabalho é mostrar que o processo discursivo da leitura e os diferentes gestos de interpretação se desenrola entre sujeitos ideologicamente determinados e sob efeito da memória discursiva. É assim também que uma interrogação pode ser pensada, lida e interpretada para muito além do que nos permitiria um estudo tradicional.

[1] Fonte: http://wp.clicrbs.com.br/opiniaozh/2015/01/26/artigo-meu-partido-e-o-rio-grande/. Acesso em: 25 mai. 2015.
Neuritin Controls Axonal Branching in Serotonin Neurons: A Possible Mediator Involved in the Regulation of Depressive and Anxiety Behaviors via FGF Signaling
Authors: Shimada Tadayuki , Kohyama Kuniko , Yoshida Tomoyuki , Yamagata Kanato
Published: August 2024

Abnormal neuronal morphological features, such as dendrite branching, axonal branching, and spine density, are thought to contribute to the symptoms of depression and anxiety. However, the role and molecular mechanisms of aberrant neuronal morphology in the regulation of mood disorders remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that neuritin, an activity-dependent protein, regulates the axonal morphology of serotonin neurons. Maleneuritinknock-out (KO) mice harbored impaired axonal branches of serotonin neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex and basolateral region of the amygdala (BLA), and maleneuritinKO mice exhibited depressive and anxiety-like behaviors. We also observed that the expression of neuritin was decreased by unpredictable chronic stress in the male mouse brain and that decreased expression of neuritin was associated with reduced axonal branching of serotonin neurons in the brain and with depressive and anxiety behaviors in mice. Furthermore, the stress-mediated impairments in axonal branching and depressive behaviors were reversed by the overexpression of neuritin in the BLA. The ability of neuritin to increase axonal branching in serotonin neurons involves fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling, and neuritin contributes to FGF-2-mediated axonal branching regulation in vitro. Finally, the oral administration of an FGF inhibitor reduced the axonal branching of serotonin neurons in the brain and caused depressive and anxiety behaviors in male mice. Our results support the involvement of neuritin in models of stress-induced depression and suggest that neuronal morphological plasticity may play a role in controlling animal behavior.
Neuronal and Behavioral Responses to Naturalistic Texture Images in Macaque Monkeys
Authors: Ziemba Corey M. , Goris Robbe L. T. , Stine Gabriel M. , Perez Richard K. , Simoncelli Eero P. , Movshon J. Anthony
Published: August 2024

The visual world is richly adorned with texture, which can serve to delineate important elements of natural scenes. In anesthetized macaque monkeys, selectivity for the statistical features of natural texture is weak in V1, but substantial in V2, suggesting that neuronal activity in V2 might directly support texture perception. To test this, we investigated the relation between single cell activity in macaque V1 and V2 and simultaneously measured behavioral judgments of texture. We generated stimuli along a continuum between naturalistic texture and phase-randomized noise and trained two macaque monkeys to judge whether a sample texture more closely resembled one or the other extreme. Analysis of responses revealed that individual V1 and V2 neurons carried much less information about texture naturalness than behavioral reports. However, the sensitivity of V2 neurons, especially those preferring naturalistic textures, was significantly closer to that of behavior compared with V1. The firing of both V1 and V2 neurons predicted perceptual choices in response to repeated presentations of the same ambiguous stimulus in one monkey, despite low individual neural sensitivity. However, neither population predicted choice in the second monkey. We conclude that neural responses supporting texture perception likely continue to develop downstream of V2. Further, combined with neural data recorded while the same two monkeys performed an orientation discrimination task, our results demonstrate that choice-correlated neural activity in early sensory cortex is unstable across observers and tasks, untethered from neuronal sensitivity, and therefore unlikely to directly reflect the formation of perceptual decisions.
Equal Temperament and Interval Sizes of Ascending and Descending Intervals
Authors: Caldera Patrick Thomas Brady , Archilla-Segade Héctor
Published: August 2024

Stringed instruments are known to be flexible regarding intonation. This suppleness is arguably at the root of the many discussions concerning tuning and intonation that have taken place in the past. Historical authors have, depending on the era, advocated for the use of just intonation, as well as tempered and Pythagorean, thus deepening the controversy regarding this issue. Similarly, contemporary studies on intonation in the realm of stringed instruments have reached a variety of conclusions, despite observing an apparent adherence to the Pythagorean system and, to a lesser extent, equal temperament. Given this discussion, this paper explored to what extent performances of 53 violin students conform to equal temperament (ET), as well as to what extent alignment or misalignment to ET is a product of chance. In addition, we asked whether the direction of an interval has an impact on its size, as well as whether there is any association between the sizes of different ascending and descending intervals. We also asked whether the academic year of participants had any impact of the size of intervals. Results suggest that the intonation of participants does not match ET, and that differences in interval size regarding ET occur for reasons other than chance; namely, in the case of ascending and descending minor seconds, descending major seconds, descending augmented seconds, ascending and descending minor thirds, descending major thirds, and descending diminished fourths. Furthermore, results not only show that interval direction may have an impact on interval size, but also that there is association between sizes of different intervals. The academic year of participants seemed to have an impact on ascending minor thirds.
Trade-offs in Coordination Strategies for Duet Jazz Performances Subject to Network Delay and Jitter
Authors: Cheston Huw , Cross Ian , Harrison Peter M. C.
Published: August 2024

Coordination between participants is a necessary foundation for successful human interaction. This is especially true in group musical performances, where action must often be temporally coordinated between the members of an ensemble for their performance to be effective. Networked mediation can disrupt this coordination process by introducing a delay between when a musical sound is produced and when it is received. This can result in significant deteriorations in synchrony and stability between performers. Here we show that five duos of professional jazz musicians adopt diverse strategies when confronted by the difficulties of coordinating performances over a network—difficulties that are not exclusive to networked performance but are also present in other situations (such as when coordinating performances over large physical spaces). What appear to be two alternatives involve: 1) one musician being led by the other, tracking the timings of the leader’s performance; or 2) both musicians accommodating to each other, mutually adapting their timing. During networked performance, these two strategies favor different sides of the trade-off between, respectively, tempo synchrony and stability; in the absence of delay, both achieve similar outcomes. Our research highlights how remoteness presents new complexities and challenges to successful interaction.
La educación y la conciencia ambiental: principios fundamentales para la consecución de una paz ambiental
Authors: Rivera Gómez Andrés Felipe , Guevara León Paula Andrea , Castillo de la Ossa Angie Daniela , Daza Orjuela Camila Alejandra , Rivera Gómez Leidy Johanna
Published: August 2024

El páramo La Cortadera es un ecosistema de alta montaña que circunda los municipios de Siachoque, Pesca, Toca, Tuta y Rondón.
Es un área importante para la conservación del recurso hídrico, por ser fuente de recarga del embalse de La Copa, y surtir ríos como el río Pesca, el río Jordán, el río Tuta, el río Salitre y el río Muche, además de formar parte de las cuencas de los ríos Chicamocha y Upía. (Corpoboyacá, s.f.)
La Cortadera, siendo uno de los grandes reguladores del recurso hídrico en Boyacá, ha sufrido una serie de afectaciones debido a la intervención antrópica, lo que ha ocasionado su deterioro. La invasión del páramo a través de maquinaria pesada, las quemas forestales, la deforestación y la práctica agropecuaria han sido parte del conjunto de los males que han ido deteriorando este ecosistema de alta montaña, legitimando así la actividad humana invasiva sin importar que La Cortadera haya sido reconocido como Parque Natural Regional (Ballesteros, Rivera, Inampués y Rincón, 2023).
Determination of in-use properties of paper towels
Authors: Kweon Soon Wan , Ko Young Chan , Lee Yong Ju , Cha Ji Eun , Moon Byoung Geun , Kim Hyoung Jin
Published: August 2024

For a hygiene paper such as tissue and towel, strength, softness, and absorbency are known as attributes that a user is looking for. It is proposed here that purchasing decisions are likely to be influenced by in-use experiences, which may be quite different from the physical properties measured with current standardized tests. There have been continuous efforts on developing physical test methods to replace subjective in-use tests because the benefits of the former are too significant to be overlooked. This paper considered some in-use test methods for paper towel products that can be carried out by panel members quickly in the course of sensory panel testing. In addition, laboratory tests were developed in an attempt to quantify such input. The sensory panel testing showed that (wet) strength and absorbency were the key contributions to the performance of paper towels. Softness did not show any significant contribution to it. Wet strength showed a high correlation with absorbency. The (wet) ball burst strength had the highest correlation with the in-use strength. Although both the tensile strength and the ball burst strength had a high correlation with preference, the ball burst tester is preferred because more reproducible and simpler to operate.
Resilience of reefal foraminifera to anthropogenic influences from reef areas (Pirangi, Maracajaú, and Açu) in Rio Grande do Norte (RN, Brazil)
Authors: Eichler Patrícia PB , Vital Helenice , Gomes Moab Praxedes
Published: August 2024

We have studied seven symbiont-bearing foraminiferal species to evaluate the condition of sedimentary reef areas (Pirangi, Maracajaú, and Açu) in Rio Grande do Norte (RN, Brazil). The species are: Amphisorus hemprichii, Amphistegina gibbosa, Archaias angulatus, Borelis schlumbergeri, Heterostegina antillarum, Peneroplis carinatus, and Laevipeneroplis proteus. This paper focuses on the quantitative distributions of the first two species in Maracajaú and Pirangi, considering micro-habitat variation, shelf zonation, and anthropogenic disturbances. Amphistegina gibbosa, which is more abundant than A. hemprichii, is prevalent in coral or coral-rubble substrates, whereas Amphisorus hemprichii is better represented in seagrass habitats. Our dataset from Pirangi and Maracajaú is based on 123 samples collected over three years through diver collection, grab samples, and underwater videographic surveys. Compared to other Brazilian reefs, species diversity at Pirangi is low, and the community is impoverished near tourism sites. These areas, especially Pirangi, may also be affected by pollution from domestic sewage and industrial waste. In Maracajaú, the community appears healthier, except in sites heavily impacted by tourism. Data from 84 foraminiferal samples from Açu show well-preserved symbiont-bearing foraminifera (SBF), indicating good water quality, with microhabitat variations likely due to natural factors. A quantitative examination of the foraminiferal species revealed the presence of a Caribbean-type reef community, including Amphisorus hemprichii, Amphistegina gibbosa, Archaias angulatus, Heterostegina antillarum, Homotrema rubra, Peneroplis carinatus, and Laevipeneroplis proteus. Additionally, among 65 species, living Buccella peruviana were found with a very restricted distribution in organic-rich sediments associated with upwelling wind events, highlighting areas of cold water upwelling on the outer shelf. The spatial distribution of this species indicates that cold waters are bringing nutrients through tidal currents perpendicular to the shelf edge, likely using canyons and valleys to transport nutrients and cold water masses into the partially filled incised valley of the ancient Açu River. Changes in diversity appear to be primarily induced by anthropogenic influences on the inner shelf rather than the outer shelf.
Side effects of five products largely used by humans and studied on ants as models: a mini review
Authors: Cammaerts Marie-Claire
Published: August 2024

Here we summarize our recent studies on the physiological and behavior effects of five products widely used by humans, using an ant, having received these substances in their usual diet, as a biological model. Nutmeg is a spice which decrease the activity and movement speed of the ants, leading to further motor-linked impairments, but not impairing other behavioral traits as well as learning and memory. Vortioxetine (Brintellix) is an anti-depressant recently appearing reducing obesity and having moderate adverse effects in humans. It negatively affected the ants’ food intake, general activity, tactile sensitivity, state of stress and cognition. Berberine is a supplementary dietary regulating, in humans, glucosemia and several parameters. In ants, food intake, general activity, tactile sensitivity, were also negatively impacted, but not their state of stress and cognition. Cashew nuts and mangoes may have similar allergenic effects in humans. In ants, cashew consumption induces sinuosity of movement, stress and nervousness while mango consumption reduces their general activity and behaviors related to motor activity. The correspondence between dependence to a substance, short duration of its effect after withdrawal and abrupt loss of its effect is discussed.
Opioid Dosing Deviation and Dose Banding Development in Young Hospitalized Children
Authors: Phang Karina G. , Wahlquist Amy E. , Hayes Genevieve , Corrigan Corinne , Basco William T. , Bundy David G.
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Individualized, weight-based opioid dosing poses safety risks and contributes to inefficient medication delivery processes. Dose banding is a patient safety strategy to reduce dosing errors through standardized doses based on weight ranges. Study objectives were (1) determine the frequency of dosing deviation from reference ranges of common intravenous (IV) and oral opioid medications, (2) evaluate the differences in dosing deviations by age, and (3) determine the potential reduction in dose variation that could be achieved by dose banding.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of hospitalized children ≥2 months to ≤24 months old who received IV morphine, oral methadone, or oral oxycodone at a single center. Dosing was categorized as no dosing deviation (within ±5% of the reference range), negative dosing deviation (>5% below the reference range), or positive dosing deviation (>5% above the reference range). Descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted.

RESULTS

A total of 3361 opioid doses met the inclusion criteria. A total of 2663 (79.2%) had no dosing deviation, 214 (6.3%) demonstrated negative deviations, and 484 (14.4%) demonstrated positive deviations. Dosing deviations were more frequent among subjects ≥2 months to ≤6 months old for oral methadone and oxycodone (P < .0001) and more frequent among older age group for IV morphine (P < .0001). Dose banding has the potential to reduce the number of unique doses prescribed for all medications by 75% while eliminating unintended dosing deviations.

CONCLUSIONS

A total of 20% of opioid doses prescribed to children ≤24 months of age are outside the recommended ranges. Dose banding represents a promising method for simplifying opioid prescribing in the pediatric inpatient setting.