bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGIC FOUNDATIONS AND DIRECTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY IN UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION
Authors:   University of Customs and Finance, Ivantsov Serhii
Published: January 2025

Digital technologies have become one of the main drivers of economic change and have led to
the emergence of the digital economy. Taking into account the importance of digital transformations for economic growth and competitiveness, different countries are faced with the task of developing an optimal strategy for their implementation. This issue is relevant for Ukraine, especially in
terms of restoring and modernising the national economy. Given its external course, the development of the digital economy in Ukraine should be linked to integration into the EU, given the digital course of this organisation. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to define the strategic foundations and directions of development of the digital economy in Ukraine in the context of its integration into the EU.
The importance of developing the digital economy for Ukraine is substantiated. The great
importance and impact of European integration on the national economy in external and internal
aspects is taken into account. The author substantiates the expediency of using the EU experience
in the digital sphere, the need to adhere to its goals, objectives, legal framework and directions of
development of the digital economy. For the development of the digital economy in the context of
European integration, it is proposed to use the concepts of chasing, convergent and imitation development, each of which has its own advantages. The need to take into account and use of EU strategies and policies for the development of the digital economy is emphasised. Taking into account the
specifics of Ukraine compared to the EU countries, it is necessary to adopt and clarify the vision of
the digital future, the basis of which is presented in the article
INTEGRATED METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSMENT OF FINANCIAL ABILITY OF LOCAL BUDGETS
Authors:   State Tax University, Plahotniuk Volodymyr , Pizhuk Olha ,   State Tax University
Published: January 2025

The article addresses the critical issue of ensuring the financial capacity of local budgets, a
key factor in the sustainable socio-economic development of Ukraine's regions. The authors propose an integrated methodology for assessing the financial capacity of local budgets, emphasizing
its incorporation into a digital system utilizing advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence
(AI). Particular attention is paid to the use of coefficients in financial analysis, which ensures
objectivity, comparability, and effectiveness of research. These coefficients, as quantitative indicators, enable a comprehensive analysis of budget revenues and expenditures, assessment of financial
stability, self-sufficiency of communities, and evaluation of the efficiency of resource utilization.
The study provides an in-depth analysis of the budget of the city of Irpin, highlighting trends in the
financial stability of the community amidst a crisis caused by military conflict. The analysis
revealed both strengths and vulnerabilities, showcasing the role of coefficients in rapid diagnostics
of budget performance, identifying problematic areas, and formulating effective solutions for community recovery and development. The article also examines opportunities to adapt international
practices, including the Urban Audit program in the European Union, Gender Responsive
Budgeting in Sweden, and the Municipal Performance Measurement Program in Canada. The
authors stress the need to create an AI-based automated system capable of not only analyzing financial indicators but also generating actionable recommendations for community development. The proposed methodology integrates automated systems with a coefficient-based approach to cluster communities by development level, offering targeted recommendations to improve their financial
resilience. This innovation aims to enhance the efficiency of local budget management, ensure transparency in decision-making processes, and promote the socio-economic well-being of the population.
Імплементація типового статуту територіальної громади як інструменту врегулю- вання діяльності органів місцевого самоврядування в Україні
Authors: Дробуш І. В. , Бевз Т. С.
Published: January 2025

Статут територіальної громади відіграє ключову роль у діяльності органів місцевого самоврядування, оскільки він є основним локальним нормативно-правовим актом громади, який установлює правила, норми та процедури, яких мають дотримуватися органи управління, що надає правової визначеності та стабільності їхній роботі. У статуті визначаються структура органів місцевого самоврядування, їхні повноваження, взаємодія одного з одним, а також порядок формування та функціонування виконавчих органів. Це дозволяє забезпечити ефективну організацію роботи на місцевому рівні. Статут окреслює форми та механізми взаємодії між органами місцевого самоврядування та мешканцями громади, що охоплює питання участі громадян в ухваленні рішень, доступу до інформації, можливості проведення місцевих референдумів та інших форм безпосередньої демократії. У статуті можуть бути прописані основні принципи формування та використання бюджету громади, що дозволяє органам місцевого самоврядування планувати фінансову діяльність та забезпечувати раціональне використання ресурсів, а також передбачає процедури контролю за діяльністю органів місцевого самоврядування, включаючи звітування перед громадою, аудит, інші механізми підзвітності. Отже, статут територіальної громади є базовим документом, який регулює діяльність органів місцевого самоврядування, забезпечує правову основу їхньої роботи, а також установлює механізми взаємодії із громадою, забезпечує баланс між владою та населенням. У науковій статті здійснено аналіз поточного законодавства та визначення необхідності стандартизації статутів територіальних громад в Україні. У статті досліджується досвід інших країн у галузі стандартизації статутів муніципалітетів. Обговорюються проблеми, що виникають у зв’язку з відсутністю типового статуту, та їхній вплив на функціонування територіальних громад. Висвітлюються переваги затвердження типового статуту для забезпечення єдності та стабільності місцевого управління. Також у статті розглядаються пропозиції щодо вдосконалення законодавства з метою впровадження типового статуту територіальних громад. Загалом, у статті аргументовано відзначено важливість стандартизації та її вплив на розвиток місцевого самоврядування в Україні.
Основні напрями трансформації професійної правової культури юристів під впливом сучасних технологій
Authors: Панчук І. О.
Published: January 2025

У статті проаналізовано перетворення у сфері професійної правової культури юристів, що відбуваються під впливом використання сучасних технологій у правовій науці та практиці. Зазначається, що правова культура як складова частина загальної культури є динамічним явищем. Правова культура будь-якої соціальної групи є сферою, досить чутливою до змін у різних галузях життя. Можливість самостійно шукати правову інформацію, користуватися загальнодоступними шаблонами юридичних документів і обмінюватися досвідом має як позитивні, так і негативні наслідки для громадян. Окрім того, штучний інтелект та інші сучасні технології розглядаються як чинник, що впливає на формування професійної культури юристів передусім у зв’язку з низкою правових і етичних питань їх використання, які належним чином не врегульовані на нормативно-правовому рівні. Водночас, навіть за умови недосконалого нормативно-правового регулювання цієї сфери, високий рівень правової культури юристів може сприяти її самоорганізації, отже, і забезпеченню прав і свобод людини та громадянина. Наголошується, що такий компонент, як правові знання, не зникає зі структури сучасної професійної правової культури юристів, лише змінюється зміст таких знань. Водночас використання технології в юридичній науці та практиці також зміщує акценти у сфері ціннісно-правових орієнтацій, правових переконань і настанов юристів. Нового осмислення, зокрема, потребують такі принципи юридичної діяльності, як справедливість, гуманність, конфіденційність, доброчесність і фактично всі інші, що лежать в основі світогляду професійного юриста. Стверджується, що першочерговим завданням юридичної спільноти є формування у професійній правовій культурі нових правових цінностей, принципів і орієнтирів, які поряд із нормами права забезпечуватимуть панування верховенства права, справедливості та гуманізму у трансформованій відповідно до новітніх технологій юриспруденції.
Гармонізація законодавства України у сфері авторського права із законодавством Європейського Союзу
Authors: Ткачук Ю. С.
Published: January 2025

Стаття досліджує гармонізацію авторського права України з авторським правом Європейського Союзу. У статті проведено порівняльно-правовий аналіз нових норм, імплементованих в авторське право України з директив Європейського Союзу та визначено норми європейського права, які потрібно ввести в законодавство України. Основну увагу приділено законам у сфері авторського права, що були прийняті у 2022 та 2023 роках.
Використання технічних засобів при дослідженні слідів застосування вогнепальної зброї
Authors: Шекель Ю. Ф.
Published: January 2025

Стаття присвячена актуальній проблемі застосування сучасних технічних засобів у криміналістичному дослідженні слідів вогнепальної зброї. Автор аналізує різноманітні види слідів на кулях і гільзах, які утворюються в результаті пострілу, та розглядає механізм їх виникнення. Особлива увага приділяється використанню автоматизованих систем, як-от BalScan, для сканування та порівняння слідів. У статті також описано застосування різних типів мікроскопів у судовій балістиці. Автор робить висновок про те, що використання сучасних технологій значно підвищує ефективність розслідування злочинів, пов’язаних із застосуванням вогнепальної зброї.
Методи, що застосовуються при виявленні слідів рук при призначенні комплексної експертизи (дактилоскопічної, молекулярно-генетичної), аспекти вилучення і паку- вання об’єктів біологічного походження
Authors: Бордюк А. І.
Published: January 2025

У статті розглядаються сучасні методи виявлення та вилучення слідів рук під час проведення комплексної експертизи, що поєднує дактилоскопічний і молекулярно-генетичний аналіз. Комплексні експертизи є одним із найбільш потужних інструментів у криміналістиці для ідентифікації осіб, дозволяють отримати як дактилоскопічні дані (відбитки пальців), так і генетичний матеріал (ДНК), який може бути використаний для ідентифікації підозрюваних чи жертв злочинів. Особлива увага приділяється методам вилучення біологічних об’єктів і важливості правильного їх пакування для збереження доказів, що унеможливлює їх пошкодження або забруднення. Розглянуто застосування таких методів: використання дактилоскопічних порошків, чотириокису рутенію та лазерної люмінесценції. Також висвітлено аспекти використання молекулярно-генетичних методів, зокрема ПЛР, для аналізу біологічних матеріалів. Висновки наголошують на важливості комплексного підходу, який забезпечує точність і надійність доказової бази в розслідуванні кримінальних справ.
Генеза статусу засудженого часів Австро-Угорщини та Української Народної Респу- бліки
Authors: Стрельбіцька Л. Я.
Published: January 2025

Стаття присвячена аналізу еволюції статусу засудженого в різні історичні періоди, зокрема за часів Австро-Угорської імперії та Української Народної Республіки (УНР). У дослідженні розглядаються особливості кримінально-процесуального законодавства Австрії, його застосування на території Галичини, а також правовий статус засуджених у контексті соціально-політичних умов. Описано ключові етапи розвитку австрійського кримінального процесу, включно із запровадженням Кодексу 1873 року, який діяв і в Галичині. Автор акцентує увагу на специфіці виконання покарань, зокрема смертної кари, і дискримінаційних підходах до засуджених різного етнічного походження. У період існування УНР також відзначається низка особливостей у правовому регулюванні статусу засуджених. Центральна Рада, уряд Скоропадського та Директорія приймали нормативно-правові акти, які переважно не діяли через часті зміни влади й військово-політичну нестабільність. Автор аналізує вплив тимчасових інструкцій, а саме «Інструкції військовому революційному суду» та закону «Про надзвичайні військові суди», на становище засуджених і особливості судового процесу. Стаття показує, як статус засудженого формувався під впливом правових, політичних та соціальних чинників у різні історичні епохи, демонструючи їх вплив на сучасне розуміння прав і обов’язків цієї категорії осіб.
Господарський суд як суб’єкт збирання доказів
Authors: Шабаровський Б. В.
Published: January 2025

У статті досліджується роль господарського суду як суб’єкта збирання доказів у межах господарського процесуального законодавства України. Актуальність теми зумовлена необхідністю узгодження принципів змагальності сторін і диспозитивності з повноваженнями суду щодо збору доказів. Автор аналізує відповідні норми Господарського процесуального кодексу України (ГПК) та судову практику, наголошуючи на тому, що загальне правило зобов’язує сторони подавати докази, на які вони посилаються як на обґрунтування своїх вимог чи заперечень. Водночас у визначених випадках, передбачених ГПК, суд має право або навіть обов’язок втручатися у процес збирання доказів. Особливу увагу приділено положенням, які дозволяють суду витребувати докази з власної ініціативи, якщо є сумніви щодо добросовісності сторін, а також призначати експертизи для з’ясування важливих обставин. Наведено приклади з судової практики, що демонструють застосування цих повноважень. Окремо розглянуто питання використання судових доручень, огляду вебсторінок та інших засобів забезпечення доказів. Автор робить висновок, що суд, зберігаючи неупередженість, водночас відіграє активну роль у забезпеченні належного рівня доказування, особливо у складних і спірних справах. Цей підхід дає змогу забезпечити баланс між принципами диспозитивності та змагальності, сприяючи справедливому розгляду господарських спорів.
OSEA, a deep learning-based bird classification tool, with pre-trained model, mobile and command line applications
Authors: Sun Jiao
Published: January 2025

In response to the challenges of traditional biodiversity monitoring methods, we introduce OSEA (Open Species Estimation for Avians), a multi-platform, offline tool for bird species identification. Designed to recognize over 10,000 bird species, OSEA includes both a mobile application and a command-line interface (CLI), facilitating efficient bird species identification. The mobile app, developed using Flutter, offers cross-platform compatibility and integrates a pre-trained ResNet34 model. The CLI, suited for batch processing, allows users to process images offline, with geographic filtering capabilities for enhanced accuracy. OSEA utilizes the DongNiao International Birds 10000 Dataset (DIB-10K), which undergoes rigorous data cleaning to ensure quality and accuracy. The system's core model leverages the MetaFGNet architecture, trained on high-performance computing resources to achieve 90.8% accuracy on the training set and 87.6% accuracy on the validation set. Additionally, the mobile app and CLI incorporate species distribution data for efficient geographical filter. OSEA addresses significant challenges in biodiversity research, including the time-intensive nature of manual species identification and the limited availability of offline tools for large-scale image analysis. By offering an accessible, offline solution, OSEA empowers amateur birders, educators, and conservationists, particularly in regions with limited internet access. Furthermore, the tool’s compatibility with custom models allows flexibility for broader wildlife applications beyond birds. In conclusion, OSEA offers a practical, scalable, and user-friendly solution for bird species identification, contributing to the acceleration of biodiversity studies and conservation efforts. Future developments will focus on expanding the dataset, optimizing performance, and incorporating more underrepresented species, further enhancing the tool’s robustness and global applicability.
Digital Lending and Bank Profitability in Selected Asian Countries
Authors: Yun Li
Published: January 2025

Digital lending is considered vital for innovation and economic growth. Many countries have experienced digital lending as alternative to formal financing channels. The growth in digital lending may have implications for banks. In this research we estimate the impact of digital lending on bank profitability in three south Asian countries. We collect banking and macro data from 2012-2023 and run panel model regression. Our results are that digital lending reduces bank profitability in our sample of banks. Our results imply that banks should adopt digital lending so they may compete with digital platforms.
Lecturers’perception of Hybrid Learning Model In Teaching English For Business
Authors: Restu Januarty Hamid  , Muh. Asfah Rahman  , Muhammad Basri Wello  , Andi Asrifan
Published: January 2025

This study explores lecturers’ perceptions of the hybrid learning model in teaching English for Business, focusing on its implementation, challenges, and benefits. The hybrid model, blending face-to-face and online instruction, is increasingly adopted in higher education to accommodate diverse student needs and enhance learning outcomes. Using a qualitative research design, data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis involving four lecturers. The findings reveal hybrid learning facilitates a comprehensive understanding of course material by integrating theoretical and practical elements. In-person sessions were utilized for interactive discussions and role-playing, while online platforms supported asynchronous learning and resource access. However, lecturers faced challenges, including technological barriers such as unstable internet connections, increased workload due to dual teaching responsibilities, and difficulties in maintaining student engagement during asynchronous activities. Despite these issues, the hybrid model enhanced flexibility, promoted digital literacy and fostered innovative teaching practices. Students gained valuable self-regulation and technology skills, while lecturers leveraged diverse teaching tools to create dynamic lessons. The study concludes that hybrid learning is an effective model for teaching English for Business, offering flexibility, accessibility, and enriched learning experiences. Its success, however, depends on addressing key challenges, including technological infrastructure, training, and support for both lecturers and students. This research contributes to understanding the potential and limitations of hybrid learning, emphasizing the need for strategic planning and institutional investment to optimize its implementation.
The Current State of the Natural Resource Potential of the Seaside Regions of Ukraine
Authors:   Department of Land Management, Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, Mykolaiv, Ukraine.  Email: levperovych@gmail.com, Perovych Lev , Perovych Ihor ,   Department of Economic Expertise & Land Management, West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine.  Email: cadastr@gmail.com, Perovych Lesya ,   Department of geodesy and land management. Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine. Еmail: perovichl@ukr.net, Gumennyi Mykhailo ,   Department of Economic Expertise & Land Management, West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine.  Email: mishagumen@gmail.com, Lukianchenko Iurii ,   Department of Economic Expertise & Land Management, West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine.  Email: y.lukyanchenko@wunu.edu.ua.
Published: January 2025

This study examines the state of the natural resource potential of the coastal regions of Ukraine, related to Russian aggression against Ukraine. The cited studies show that Ukraine has developed several legislative and regulatory acts in the field of use of the natural marine environment and adjacent territories, which correspond to international and European legal acts. Grossly violating international law, Russia caused significant economic damage not only to the population of the annexed territories but also to the environment. According to the Ministry of Environment of Ukraine, more than 3,600 crimes against the environment were recorded. This is the pollution of sea waters, the destruction of nature-protected areas, flora and fauna unique to this region. Damages caused to the environment are preliminarily estimated at more than 60 billion US dollars. The research methodology is based on statistical analysis of expert assessments given in official open state sources and mass media. Analytical studies made it possible to establish certain types of biodiversity that will be difficult to reproduce, as well as to outline the magnitude of the main catastrophic consequences of Russian aggression not only for Ukraine but also for the entire civilized world. Based on the conducted research, the conclusions were made that the existing international legal acts do not fully ensure adequate protection and protection of the environment, which in turn necessitates the development and improvement of effective legal, economic and other mechanisms of responsibility for ecocide. At this stage of military aggression in Ukraine, issues of environmental monitoring and assessment of growing losses come to the fore.
Carencia social de una ética animal: la educación oculta
Authors: Castro Rosales Elba , Reyes Ruiz Javier
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo devela los aprendizajes no explícitos u ocultos que la sociedad actual, pragmática, antropocentrista y urbano-agroindustrial, impone a sus habitantes, por medio de diversos mecanismos, con relación a la concepción y a la relación con los animales no humanos1. Esta influencia reproduce y normaliza conductas de maltrato, explotación, desprecio, destierro y destrucción de los hábitats de la fauna. El análisis que se presenta aquí, basado en el encuentro entre marcos pedagógicos críticos de la educación ambiental y de la reflexión de la ética relacionada con los animales, conduce a la elaboración de una agenda educativo ambiental encaminada a romper con la inercia de algunos valores hegemónicos y a posibilitar esfuerzos pedagógicos que internalicen la noción de la otredad animal. Los aportes hacen hincapié en la implicación de ciertos conocimientos, valores, habilidades, actitudes y pautas de conducta que pueden ser abordados tanto dentro como fuera de los espacios escolares en favor de la significación de una ética animal como camino al ejercicio de una cultura crítica y responsable de su relación con la vida, en la Tierra.
Var almenningur áhugalaus um sjálfstæðisbaráttuna? Rýnt í stjórnmálaviðhorf um aldamótin 1900
Authors: Lárusson Hrafnkell
Published: January 2025

Sú söguskoðun er orðin langlíf að íslensk stjórnmál síðustu áratuga nítjándu aldar og upphafs tuttugustu aldar hafi snúist um fátt annað en sjálfstæðisbaráttu forystumanna þeirra gagnvart dönskum yfirvöldum og fáein önnur „stórpólitísk“ álitamál. Umfjöllun um þetta efni var lengi undir skýrum áhrifum þjóðernishyggju, þar sem beint og óbeint var gengið út frá því að íslenskur almenningur hefði einnig haft lifandi áhuga á sjálfstæðisbaráttunni og staðið þétt við bak forystumanna sinna. Í þessari grein eru dregnir fram og ræddir vitnisburðir frá fyrrgreindu tímabili sem varpa öðru og víðara ljósi á viðhorf landsmanna til sjálfstæðisbaráttunnar.
Mixed Modes Pixels Display Technology: Is there a Room for Physical Plasma Inside Modern Day Display Screens?
Authors:   Gaseous Electronics LLC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, M. Hala Ahmed
Published: January 2025

The classical definition of a charge is limited to assigning opposite polarities to it, which is used to design electric current
circuits whose charges are sustained by an energy from a potential (voltage) difference for example. However, recent research
and reviews of physical plasma chaotic behaviour revealed that the energy acquired by the charges can be studied closely
in space and time domains using novel attributions such as charge (dimness) or (brightness). This is both qualitatively and
computationally significant especially when building display screens. After the decline of physical plasma screens technology
more than10 years ago, it has been recognized again as it provides unique displays for a variety of media channels. The
research presented here concerns working on the so - called mixed modes pixels screens technology, where each screen
pixel is allowed to house light emitting diodes elements in addition to making room for a physical plasma compartment to
house an electric discharge. Switching between, or mixing, the output from these elements is what defines the overall viewer
experience. Moreover, it will be shown that recent research on tracking charge transport across a display screen, allows for a
selective capture of images from the sender and receiver at the screen surface, thereby enabling a possible two way televised
transmission.
Public knowledge about how to dispose drug waste in household setting: systematic review and meta analysis
Authors: Fathnin Fildza Huwaina , Satibi - , Endarti Dwi , Lazuardi Lutfan
Published: January 2025

Background The incorrect use of medications and/or non-adherence to drug therapy, which has an impact on health, the environment, and healthcare systems, make home medicine storage a global public health concern. The drug take-back programs are also common in some county to resolve this issue. Knowledge is one of predisposition of practice to dispose drug waste. Aim of this revies was to performed knowledge of public, prevalence of drug dispose method, and characteristics of variables within some resources
Material and methods This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted with prisma (systematic review and meta-analyses) method. Eligibility cirteria was performed on 3 databases (pubmed, scopus, and sciencedirect).
Result Total respondent on this review were 3.480 respondent in public or community. Respondent that obtained and had knowledge about how to dispose drug were 39,5%. The most frequent method for disposal is throwing to the houshold garbage (68,6%). Only 6,6% respondent who return the unused drug to the pharmacy. It can be concluded that the knowledge about method of dispose the unused drug were still poor. Common method to dispose the drug was throwing to the household garbage.
Conclusion The knowledge about method of dispose the unused drug were still poor although education level is high. The need of people about proper guideance to dispose medicinal waste and information of take-back progam.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 51-57
Development of speed abilities by means of athletics in children with myopia
Authors: G G Polevoy , A B Sablin , S V Chernishev
Published: January 2025

The aim of the study is to develop the speed abilities of primary school children with mild myopia.
Methods The pedagogical experiment was conducted for 6 months: September 2022 – February 2023. The study involved 16 primary school students who, according to the doctor’s conclusion, were diagnosed with mild myopia. A total of 72 physical education lessons were held in each group. In the control group, students studied according to the program for secondary schools under the guidance of a physical education teacher. In the experimental group, children were engaged in athletics using a specially developed method for developing the speed abilities of younger schoolchildren with mild myopia. To evaluate the results of the study, basic tests were used: catching a ruler, the frequency of hitting a tennis ball against a wall in 20 seconds, jumping rope in 45 seconds, running 30 m.
Results After the end of the study in the control group, the indicators improved in the test “catching a ruler” by 1% (P>0.05), “the frequency of hitting a tennis ball against a wall in 20 seconds” by 15% (P>0.05), “jumping rope in 45 seconds” by 11% (P>0.05) and “Running 30 m” by 2% (P>0.05). In the experimental group, the indicators improved significantly in all tests: “catching a ruler” by 26% (P>0.05), “the frequency of hitting a tennis ball against a wall in 20 seconds” by 34% (P>0.05), “jumping rope in 45 seconds” by 38% (P<0.05) and “Running 30 m” by 11% (P>0.05). Comparison of indicators between students of the control and experimental groups significant changes occurred in 3 indicators (P<0.05), except for the test “The frequency of hitting the ball against the wall in 20 seconds” (P>0.05).
Conclusion At the end of the pedagogical experiment, the increase in the indicators of the speed abilities of the children of the experimental group is significantly higher than that of the children of the control group. The unreliable increase in indicators in the experimental group can be explained by the short duration of the study, as well as by the fact that the program of physical education lessons included an insufficient number of exercises for the development of speed abilities. Despite this, the developed technique has a positive effect on the development of speed abilities, which means it is effective. The developed experimental technique for developing the speed abilities of primary school children with mild myopia using athletics has proven its effectiveness and can be used in physical education lessons with children with visual impairments.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 74-86
Exploring Medical Students Perspectives on Reflective Writing: A Qualitative Focus Group Study
Authors: Kamarudin Mohammad Arif , Ahmad Suji Muhammad Iqbal , Wen Wong Zhi , Jeya Kumar Shridha Nair , Dafiruddin Fatin Ahmad , Shamsul Murfiz Nur Qurratu Ain , Awang Besar Mohd Nasri , Salam Abdus
Published: January 2025

Reflective writing (RW) is an analytical reflective practice method implemented in academic settings to encourage personal and professional growth. This qualitative study aimed to explore the perception of medical students on reflection, the process of RW and its associated challenges. A total of 30 students were invited to participate in focus group discussions (FGD). Five FGDs were conducted while facilitated by a moderator based on an unvarying set of 9 questions determined by researchers preceding data collection. Recordings of the FGD were transcribed and analysed thematically. A total of 39 codes were identified and classified into 11 themes. The themes are time spent, language barrier, impact of reflection, feedback, purpose of reflection, themes, frequency of assignments, word count, and suggested improvements. Results have shown assessment and grading reflective assignments should be re-evaluated or made obsolete to achieve its purpose as reflection is highly subjective. Ensuring consistent feedback from supervisors allow students to feel acknowledged and promote genuine reflections. Students also prefer verbal or discussion-based reflections compared to written form. The perception of students was found to be varying. While some students were doubtful of RW, the general concession was that it is a useful tool in reflective learning. It is important for institutions to review the enhancements suggested by students to further improve reflective practice in medical education.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 87-96
Food toxico-infection TIAC: Results of 10 years of cross-sectional studies (2012-2022) and determinations of contributing factors by ACM, in Kenitra, Morocco
Authors: Elkhal Asmaa , Auajjar Nabila , Attarassi Benaissa , Mohamed Belkhaoud , Dahou Badreddine , Hamidi Hafsa El , Sadek Sanae
Published: January 2025

Background Food poisoning is a common health problem caused by consuming contaminated food. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of food poisoning in the Kenitra region between 2012 and 2022, including age, gender, contamination sources, treatment outcomes, types of food involved, and preparation methods.
Methods Data on food poisoning cases were collected, and statistical analysis, including multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), was performed to identify factors contributing to food poisoning. Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to assess the internal consistency of the MCA variables.
Results Children aged 5 to 15 accounted for nearly half of the reported food poisoning cases (48.9%), with a higher prevalence among females (59%) compared to males (40%). Food poisoning incidents were more prevalent in rural areas (63.4%) than in urban areas (36.6%). Canned products were responsible for 40% of the cases. Main dishes of animal origin, including snails, turkey, fish, chicken, and minced meat, were the most commonly involved food category (88.9%). The majority of patients sought medical attention within 5 hours of contamination (77.1%), and most experienced positive outcomes (92.7%).
Conclusion This study provides valuable insights into the factors contributing to food poisoning in the Kenitra region. Multiple correspondence analysis revealed that the type of food, place of contamination, and preparation method significantly influenced the contamination rate and treatment outcomes. These findings emphasize the importance of preventive measures and appropriate management strategies to mitigate food poisoning cases.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 97-102
Neonatal Risk Assessment: Analysis of Obstetrical and Neonatal Data
Authors: Elaazia Rachid , Dahou Badreddine , Rkhaila Amine , Chahboune Mohammed
Published: January 2025

Background Neonatal suffering is a major health problem in Morocco, as in other countries, and concerns the difficulties encountered by the newborn during the perinatal period. According to the WHO, the causes of this suffering are multiple, including health care, maternal health, access to health services, education and nutrition.
Aim This study aims to clarify the epidemiological and anthropometric profile of neonatal suffering in Morocco by analysing 1,416 cases recorded over a five-year period (2019-2023) at the Idrissi Hospital in Kénitra.
Result Analysis of Apgar scores, birth weights and foetal aspects reveals a predominance of full-term births (81.9%), with foetal weights mainly between 2,600 and 3,600 grams (50.8%). However, a significant proportion of newborns required resuscitation at birth (85.2%), indicating a high prevalence of perinatal complications. The low Apgar scores at 1 minute, with 58.6% of newborns having a score of less than 6, underline the importance of intensive neonatal monitoring. In addition, the distribution of medical interventions shows that 67.4% of deliveries required interventions such as episiotomy or caesarean section, reflecting proactive management of obstetric risks. In addition, the logistic regression model identified key factors associated with the need for neonatal resuscitation, such as maternal age, number of live babies, 1-minute Apgar score and newborn weight.
Conclusion These results underline the importance of rigorous antenatal surveillance, particularly for pregnancies identified as being at risk, in order to prevent neonatal suffering.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 103-110
Factors influencing the level of satisfaction of palliative patients with the activities of nurses: results of a cross-sectional study
Authors: Issenova Balday , Aimbetova Gulshara , Kanushina Marina , Makhanbetkulova Dinara , Asimov Marat , Aizat Aimakhanova , Tursynbekova Anar , Indershiyev Arslan
Published: January 2025

Background This article focuses on the importance of nurses’ work in the field of palliative care, emphasizing their role in providing comprehensive care and support to patients with incurable diseases.
Purpose The researchers analyzed both international and local scientific articles over the past 15 years to assess the importance of nurses’ role in patient care in palliative medicine.
Method and materials Then, in the period from September to November 2022, a crosssectional study was conducted.The aim of the study was to evaluate the activities of nurses in palliative care centers in Kazakhstan and determine the level of patient satisfaction with this care.
Result To do this, 99 patients from three palliative care centers in Kazakhstan were interviewed.In the second stage, Pearson’s chi-squared (χ2) statistical method was used to analyze potential relationships between various variables and patient satisfaction levels in relation to the work of nurses in palliative care centers. The third stage included a binary logistic regression analysis to assess the impact of nurses’ behavior on patient satisfaction. The results of the statistical analysis indicate that the amount of information provided by nurses has an impact on the level of patient satisfaction with the quality of nurses’ work. This assistance includes an integrated approach, which includes both medical care and psychological, social and spiritual support, providing comprehensive care for the patient and his loved ones.
Conclusion The results of this study can serve as a basis for strengthening the work of nurses, who are an integral element in the medical care system, playing a key role in supporting palliative patients at a difficult life stage.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 136-144
Effectiveness of the application of the register of acute myocardial infarction in the pre-hospital stage of emergency medical care in the turkestan region of the republic of kazakhstan
Authors: B.K Yessenbekov , M A Buleshov , S Kuramys , S A Tuktibayeva , A K Bekaristanova , D M Buleshov , K S Kemelbekov , U A Yergeshbayeva
Published: January 2025

Background Timeliness and sufficiency of the emergency medical services within the first hours of the disease are among the main factors defining prognosis of the patients with the acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Aim The purpose of this study is assessment of attendance and hospitalization timeliness by the emergency medical services (EMS) on fatality rate of the patients with the acute myocardial infarction.
Materials and methods. The patients (n = 531) with the signs of the acute myocardial ischemia were included in the study with the various outcomes at prehospital phase of the emergency medical services. Statistical treatment of the material has been carried out using absolute and relative values. Outcomes. Untimely arrival of the emergency medical services physician to the patient from the moment of call receipt, AMI diagnosis and earlier hospital admission after the first examination of the EMS physician exert a great influence over probability of mortality due to acute myocardial infarction at prehospital phase.
Result The specific weight of the patients attended by the EMS physicians within the range of 0-29 minutes has increased by 19.4% after implementation of the program of the AMI’s register, the number of undiagnosed AMI cases by the EMS physicians has reduced by 16.4%, and the specific weight of the hospitalized after the first examination by the EMS physicians has increased by 7.2%.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 145-154
A positive correlation between idealist ethics and psychological well-being: A cross-sectional study among future physicians
Authors: Özdinç Ahmet , Aydın Züleyha , Salman Özlem
Published: January 2025

Ethical judgments differ according to personal characteristics. Our study aimed to determine the relationship between ethical positions (idealism and relativism subdimensions) and psychological well-being. The study’s second aim was to compare socio-demographic characteristics, taking medical ethics courses, participating voluntarily in social responsibility projects and religiosity with ethical positions and psychological well-being. The Ethical Positions Questionnaire and Flourishing Scale have been used to collect the data. The research sample comprises first- to sixth-grade medical students (n=246) in Turkey. The study found a significant relationship between idealism ethics position and psychological well-being. A significant relationship was also found between engaging in prosocial behaviours and psychological wellbeing. In addition, among the participants, those who defined themselves as religious had high idealism and well-being scores, and those who did not define themselves as religious had high relativism scores. Further research is needed to identify more features that affect ethical judgments.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 164-176
Risk Factors for COVID-19 Severity: Meta-Analysis Approach
Authors: Susilorini - , Cahyaningrum F C , Y Iwang , Purnami S W
Published: January 2025

Objective Coronavirus is a new type of virus that causes COVID-19 where the disease causes a fatal impact on sufferers. This study aimed to explore risk factors against the severity of COVID-19, i.e. dyspnea, cough, fever, diarrhea, history of diabetes, hypertension, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), impaired liver function, and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD).
Materials and Methods: The author conducted a study search on Friday, March 27th, 2020 at 07.00 – 08.30 PM through the PubMed website. The study search strategy uses the keywords of “COVID-19” or “corona virus”, “symptoms”, “clinical”, “severe”, and other words related to COVID-19. Studies used for meta-analysis must meet inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results and Discussion: Meta-analysis results for significant risk factors include: dyspnea (OR=3.53, 95% CI: 2.62-4.75), diarrhea (OR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.03-2.89), history of diabetes (OR=2.65, 95% CI: 1.77-3.98), hypertension (OR=2.25, 95% CI: 1.64- 3.08), COPD (OR=6.26, 95% CI: 2.47-15.87), and CVD (OR=2.84, 95% CI: 1.64-4.90).
Conclusion Patients who have dypsnee and diarrhea symptoms have higher riks of falling into severy COVID. Risk factors for cough symptoms, fever symptoms, and history of impaired liver function are not related to the severity of COVID-19. Patients with comorbidity such as diabetes, hypertension, COPD dan CVD have higher risk to get severe COVID-19.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 202-214
Efficacy of Habb-e-Sandroos in Internal Hemorrhoids: An openlabelled single-arm clinical study
Authors: Fatimah Mehjabeen , Alam Mahfooz , Malik Rabia , Shah Alam S , Lone Showkat Bashir , Ahmad Bhat Muzafar Din
Published: January 2025

Aim Hemorrhoids are one of the most common anorectal complaints reported in anorectal clinics with an estimated prevalence of 4.4% in the United States and 13-36% in the United Kingdom. It is one of the oldest diseases known to mankind with history seen in the ancient medical writings of every culture, including Babylonian, Hindu, Greek, Egyptian, and Hebrew. According to the Unani system of medicine, the cause of hemorrhoids is morbid Khilt-e- Sauda (black bile). Habb-e-Sandroos has hemostatic, astringent, desiccant, laxative, and anti-inflammatory activity and since ages used by Unani physicians to treat hemorrhoids, hence present study aimed to evaluate its effect in Internal hemorrhoids.
Methods This single-arm open-labelled clinical trial was conducted among 30 male and female patients, aged 20 to 65years, with 1st and 2nd degree hemorrhoids confirmed by proctoscopy. Habb-e- Sandroos, 2 tablets each weighing 0.5g was given thrice a day for 45 days. The efficacy outcome was assessed by an arbitrary grading scale.
Results: Significant changes were observed in efficacy outcomes. Follow up assessments were done on every fortnightly for the first forty-five days and monthly follow-up for two months without treatment. Study showed that Habbe- Sandroos produced significant improvement in subjective parameters; bleeding per rectum (p <0.001), prolapse of pile mass (p <0.001), mucus discharge per-rectum (p=0.026), and itching per rectum (p =0.003) at 2 months from the baseline scores. Drug has promising results in Internal hemorrhoids and warrants further studies.
Conclusion The result inferred that the test drug is safe and effective in improving the severity of symptoms of Internal hemorrhoids of 1st and 2nd Grade. It can be used as an alternate to conventional treatment.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 222-229
Influence of Rainfall and Logistic Factors on Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Cases in Mountainous Areas in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Kesetyaningsih Tri Wulandari , Kusbaryanto - , Widayani Prima , Listyaningrum Noviyanti
Published: January 2025

Objective This research aimed to reveal the environmental risk factors for dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in the mountainous areas of Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia.
Materials and methods Two mountainous areas were chosen: Gunungkidul (GK), a relatively dry mountainous area, and Kulon Progo (KP), a wet mountainous area. The area of settlement and shoreline distance were determined using Geographic Information System (GIS). Rainfall data and rainy days were obtained from the Local Climatology Agency. Data for DHF were obtained from the Regency Health Office. The correlation between DHF cases and independent variables was analyzed using the Spearman rank test.
Results From 2015 to 2019, 2,796 cases of DHF occurred in GK, and 775 cases in KP. The highest incidences were in the two capital cities. DHF cases correlated with residential area in GK (p = 0.000, r 0.615) and KP (p = 0.000; r 0.426), altitude in GK (p = 0.000, r -0.321) and KP (p = 0.046, r 0.312), rainfall in GK (p = 0.000, r 0.505) and KP (p = 0.016, r -0.309), and rainy days in GK (p = 0.002, r 0.394) and KP (p = 0,032, r -0.277). DHF cases did not correlate with shoreline distance in either region (GK p = 0.911; KP p = 0.068).
Conclusion The DHF risk factors in dry and wet mountainous areas were similar, but some had different directions. Settlement area was positively correlated with DHF. Rainfall and rainy days were positively correlated with DHF in dry mountainous areas but negatively correlated in wet mountainous areas. Altitude was positively correlated with DHF in wet but negatively correlated in dry mountainous areas. The incidence of DHF in mountainous areas was not affected by shoreline distance.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 246-255