bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing Reading Comprehension among Moroccan Primary School Learners from Evaluation to Acquisition : Sixth Grade as a Model
Authors: Fathi Soumia
Published: November 2024

The reading comprehension process is a complex mental process based on cognitive and metacognitive processes that start from decoding written words, sentences and paragraphs, to examining the text, appreciating it and expressing an opinion on it by investing in the skills of analysis, synthesis, inference and evaluation, passing through the processes of understanding explicit and implicit meanings that form the first nucleus for building the mental lexicon as a mechanism for language acquisition and learning. Given the importance of the latent relationship between building the lexicon and developing reading comprehension skills at an early age, this research paper came to present the most important suggestions to help the learner in Moroccan primary school to internalize vocabulary and its meanings with the aim of enriching his linguistic repertoire and facilitating his explicit and implicit reading comprehension and improving his lexical and communicative competencies; starting from the learner's true reading comprehension level, which we will reveal by conducting a set of evaluation tests, in order to ensure the maximum effectiveness of educational suggestions. Using field research that makes sixth-level learners a sample for the research.
Study and Follow-up of the Iraqi Railway System utilize GIS
Authors: Hadi Anaam
Published: November 2024

In this project, the land transport system was monitored using the railways in Iraq, mapping the cities it passes through using geographic information systems, and clarifying the governorates that the railways do not pass through, and damaged or old railways that have not been updated from 2003-2024, the results were that there are five provinces that the railway has not passed through since it entered Iraq in the last century, which are (Najaf, Messan, Sulaymaniyah, Dohuk and Erbil ), there are also seven important railway lines starting from Baghdad that have been stopped since 2003, the Mosul-Qamishli line has stopped and a line from Mosul, to neighboring countries is suspended and all of them need maintenance and rehabilitation.
ALEVİFOBİ İLE MÜCADELENİN İLK PARTİSİ: (TÜRKİYE) BİRLİK PARTİSİ (1966-1981)
Authors: Çanak Erdem
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmada, Diren Çakmak tarafından kaleme alınan Alevifobi İle Mücadelenin İlk Partisi: (Türkiye) Birlik Partisi (1966-1981) adlı eser değerlendirilmiştir. (Türkiye) Birlik Partisi, 1966-1981 yılları arasında Türk siyasal yaşamında yer almış bir partidir. Aleviler tarafından kurulmuş ilk parti olması bakımından önem arz etmektedir. Çalışmada genel olarak partinin kurulmasına neden ihtiyaç duyulduğu? Nasıl kurulduğu? Başarılı olup olmadığı? Alevilerin partiye yaklaşımı? gibi sorulara cevap aranmıştır. Türkiye’deki çok tartışılan konuların başında gelen Aleviler ve Alevilik konusunun siyasal hayata yansımasını ele alması ile Türk toplumunun belli bir kesimindeki Alevi algısı çalışmayı daha önemli ve ilginç kılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Birlik Partisi’nin kuruluşu ve siyasi hayatı alevifobi kavramı çerçevesinde irdelemiştir.
Strategies to Address Nordic Rural Labour Shortage
Authors:   Nordregio, Slätmo Elin , Norlén Gustaf , Dzhavatova Kamila , Carstensen Martin B. , Vihinen Hilkka , Hammeken Bolethe , Kristjánsson Arnaldur Sölvi , Aarsæther Nils , Eriksson Rikard H. , Johansson Linnéa , Lundberg Tomas
Published: November 2024

This report explores strategies to alleviate rural labour shortages across Denmark, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and Åland. It includes an overview of trends driving rural labour shortages, country-specific national outlooks, and a thematic review that highlights commonalities and differences in rural workforce challenges across the Nordic region.
The Effect of Training on the Performance of Civil Servant Teachers in Cluster 04, Alak District, Kupang City
Authors: Djewa Raga Amelia , Djami Reysanti , Sayd A. Imelda , Noach Robert
Published: November 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of training on the performance of civil servant teachers in cluster 04, Alak sub-district, Kupang City. The formulation of the problem put forward is whether training influences the performance of civil servant teachers in Cluster 04, Alak District, Kupang City. This type of research is referred to as survey research, namely research that takes samples from a population and uses questionnaires as the main data collection tool (Sugiyono, 2013: 39). The population in this study were all civil servant teachers in Cluster 04, Alak District, Kupang City, and the sample taken was 44 teachers using the Saturated Sampling Technique. The data collection techniques in this research are observation, interviews, questionnaires and literature, while the data analysis technique is using descriptive statistical methods. The research results show that there is a strong relationship with a value of 0.541 and is significant between training and performance. From the data analysis it was concluded that the training variable had an influence of 29.2% on the performance variable, while the remaining 70.8% was contributed by other variables not included in the model (not researched).
Determinación de la vida de anaquel de galletas con harina de almendra y cáscara de mango
Authors: López Aranda Erika , Cervantes Munguía Christian , Gabilán Linares Eleodoro , Romero Cruz Anabel
Published: November 2024

El propósito de esta investigación fue estimar la vida de anaquel de formulaciones de galletas elaboradas con sustitución parcial de harina de trigo por harinas de cáscara y almendra de dos variedades de mango (Mangifera indica L.), a través de pruebas aceleradas. Se emplearon dos formulaciones, F2 y F4, con 14% y 10% de harina de cáscara de mango criollo y pescado, respectivamente, ambas con un porcentaje fijo (23%) de harina de almendra de mango de cada variedad, además de otros ingredientes. Las formulaciones se almacenaron a 40 y 50°C, durante 60 días. Se empleó la apreciación general, el porcentaje de humedad e índice de peróxidos como indicadores de deterioro. Se realizaron dos muestreos por cada temperatura y los resultados se emplearon para definir la cinética de esta reacción de deterioro, la cual se asumió como de orden uno. El índice de peróxidos fue el parámetro de calidad más afectado por las condiciones de almacenamiento y, por lo tanto, tiene influencia en el tiempo de vida útil de las galletas; resultando 5.04 y 5.28 meses, el periodo en que las formulaciones de las galletas F2 y F4 tendrán una vida útil, almacenadas a una temperatura de 25°C.
Aplicaciones de la teoría de nudos: quilaridad y la proteína p53
Authors: Toledo-Toledo Jonathan , García Sánchez Dalia Elizabeth , Márquez Lázaro Nancy , López Antonio Adrián
Published: November 2024

En este trabajo introducimos algunos conceptos clásicos de la teoría de nudos tales como son la torsión, el número de ligadura, el número de desanude la imagen espejo y la quilaridad de un nudo, así como el giro de una banda. Posteriormente traducimos estos conceptos al modelado del ADN y moléculas similares como la proteína P53, que se sintetiza de la molécula del ADN y es conocida como el guardián del genoma, ya que tiene un protocolo para impedir el crecimiento de células dañadas. Finalmente establecimos la quilaridad de la proteína P53 y comentamos algunos usos en el diseño de medicamentos.
The Influence of Leadership Styles on Employee Motivation and Organizational Performance in the Service Sector
Authors: Budi Santoso  , Agus Hidayat  , Tuti Andriani
Published: November 2024

This study investigates how different leadership styles, such as transformational and transactional, affect employee motivation and organizational performance within the service sector. Through a survey of service-based organizations, the research highlights the relationship between leadership approach, employee satisfaction, and overall productivity. Findings suggest that transformational leadership significantly enhances motivation and performance, offering a strategic advantage in a competitive market.
Examining the Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Brand Loyalty in Emerging Markets
Authors: Rina Aisyah  , Amirul Faiz
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in building brand loyalty among consumers in emerging markets. Using case studies from companies in Latin America and Southeast Asia, the research analyzes how CSR initiatives influence consumer perceptions, trust, and loyalty. The study finds that effective CSR programs can enhance brand loyalty, particularly among socially conscious consumers, providing valuable insights for companies operating in emerging economies.
Digital Transformation and Its Role in Enhancing Supply Chain Efficiency
Authors: Erik Lundström  , Freja Jansson  , Magnus Andersson
Published: November 2024

This article examines how digital transformation, including the use of big data, Internet of Things (IoT), and blockchain, enhances supply chain efficiency. Focusing on the retail and manufacturing sectors, the study reveals that digital tools improve visibility, reduce delays, and optimize inventory management. The findings suggest that digital transformation is essential for businesses aiming to increase agility and resilience in a globalized supply chain.
Exploring the Relationship Between Corporate Governance and Financial Performance in Emerging Economies
Authors: Rina Adelia  , Budi Santoso
Published: November 2024

This article analyzes how corporate governance practices influence financial performance in companies within emerging economies. Using data from firms in Asia and Africa, the research examines the impact of board composition, audit quality, and transparency on profitability and shareholder value. Findings indicate that robust corporate governance practices contribute to better financial outcomes, enhancing the stability and attractiveness of companies in emerging markets.
Evaluating Internal Audit Quality (Evidence From Iraq)
Authors: Abdllah Abdulnabi Waheed  , A.M.D. Maytham Bader Bawie Al-Sfan
Published: November 2024

Abstract: This research paper aims to evaluate the quality level of internal auditing in the banking sector in Iraq, using a set of data obtained by the researcher by submitting the checklist for the period (2023-2024), which contains four axes related to attribute standards and seven axes related to performance standards to the sample banks. The research, and based on the answers of those banks, the researcher used the Excel program to sort the data to conduct statistical analysis on it. The results revealed by these statistical analyzes were reached regarding the level of application of professional practice standards for the internal audit function in the Iraqi banking sector. The percentage of application of attribute standards indicated (90 %) with an average of (4.5%) as a very high percentage of application. As for the performance standards, it achieved a percentage of (88%) with an average of (4.4%) also as a good percentage in application. These percentages explain that the application of standards in the banking sectors improves the quality of internal auditing, which reflects positively. At the level of banking services provided to customers, these results constitute an incentive to measure further research, analysis, and factors that helped improve the quality of internal auditing.
Adopting a Culture of Total Quality Management in Measuring Green Costs and its Reflection in Improving the Indicators of Continuity and Growth a Survey of Some Industrial Companies in Sudan
Authors: Faris Abdulzahra Abdulhussin Alkhalidy  , Asaad Sasaa Agrab  , Hassanein Ali Salman
Published: November 2024

Adopting the knowledge of total quality management, which is one of the vital factors in improving the quality of products and services by adopting continuous methodologies for development and improvement when integrating this knowledge with green costs, which focus on measuring the cost of the product while taking into account the environmental impacts, and the importance of the study lies in the fact that the phenomenon of environmental pollution and global warming has become a topic of global interest from the political, economic and financial aspects, and most industrial companies in Sudan do not care enough about measuring green costs. This study aims to provide a scientific theoretical framework by identifying the criteria and rules for determining and measuring green costs and obtaining practical results from the study for the possibility of applying them in Sudanese industrial companies. One of the most important results reached by the study is that adopting the culture of total quality management in measuring green costs improves the indicators of growth and continuity in industrial companies in Sudan.
Analysis of the Board of Commissioners, Board of Directors, and Internal Audit on Competitiveness
Authors: Suparlan Suparlan  , Nandyta Frismaya Putri  , Ramlah Budiarti  , Rika Apriana  , Ulfa Tiana
Published: November 2024

This study aims to examine the influence of the board of commissioners, board of directors, and internal audit on the company's competitiveness. Where, the company's competitiveness in question is ROA, CAR and BOPO. This study used purposive sampling with a sample size of 15 banking companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2021-2023. The results of this study indicate that the Board of Commissioners does not affect the company's competitiveness with ROA, BOPO and CAR indicators. The board of directors does not affect the company's competitiveness with ROA, BOPO, and CAR indicators. Internal Audit does not affect the company's competitiveness with ROA, BOPO, and CAR indicators. However, the Board of Commissioners, Board of Directors, and Internal Audit affect the company's competitiveness together with the BOPO indicator. This indicates that the Board of Commissioners, Board of Directors, and Internal Audit can increase the company's competitiveness together by streamlining its operational costs and operating income.
The Impact Of Strategic Vigilance On Strategic Success: An Analytical Study Of The Opinions Of A Sample Of Lecturers At Samarra University
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed Mhmood
Published: November 2024

The current research aims to measure the impact of strategic vigilance through its dimensions (strategic vigilance, competitive vigilance, technological vigilance, environmental vigilance) on strategic success in its dimensions (survival, growth, adaptation), and the problem of the study is defined in the following question: What is the role of strategic vigilance in achieving strategic success? The aim of the study came to identify the role that strategic vigilance can play in achieving strategic success. The questionnaire form was distributed to a sample of lecturers at Samarra University, with a strength of (88) lecturers. The research used a descriptive analytical approach, which was followed by statistical methods like arithmetic mean, standard deviation, linear correlation coefficient, simple and multiple regression coefficient, and statistical programs like SPSS.V.29 and Amos.V.26 to analyze the data and draw conclusions. The most notable of these claims was that strategic vigilance influences strategic success.
The Impact Of Applying Digital Transformation On The Effectiveness Of Accounting Information an Analytical Study Of The Opinions Of a Sample Of Employees In Private Banks In Baghdad Governorate
Authors: Ali Ibrahim Ahmed  , Mohammed Ahmed Mhmood
Published: November 2024

The current research aims to measure the impact of applying digital transformation represented by (technologies, digitization of operations, databases, human cadres) on the effectiveness of accounting information represented by (appropriateness of accounting information, and reliability of accounting information), among a sample of employees in private banks in Baghdad Governorate, with a strength of (183) employees. In order to achieve the research objective, the questionnaire was adopted to collect data related to the research variables, and the descriptive analytical approach was adopted in the research and then analyzed by adopting some statistical methods such as (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, linear correlation coefficient, simple and multiple regression coefficient), and the results were reached using statistical programs such as (SPSS.V.29) and (Amos.V.26) to analyze the data to reach the conclusions, the most prominent of which was that digital transformation contributes to completing routine operations, reducing the time required to complete tasks, increasing accuracy in operations, and reducing human errors through the use of digital systems.
Analysis of Inequality Structure and Its Correlation With Government Expenditure : A Study of Western Indonesia
Authors: Ririn Nopiah  , Barika Barika  , Septriani Septriani
Published: November 2024

Efforts to reduce regional inequality are aimed at Accelerate equitable development . Implementing a healthy fiscal policy through government spending is a form of effort to reduce this inequality . Government spending can provide intervention in regional policies to boost the economy through regional government spending and revenue . This study examines the development of inter -regional inequality mapping through the Class typology method , measuring inequality with the Williamson index , and testing multiple linear regression to analyze regional government spending on inequality in the Western Region of Indonesia in 2019-2022. The results show that the average regional inequality index is at moderate inequality , namely 0.465. In addition , the regression results show that efforts to reduce regional inequality aimed at Accelerate equitable development through fiscal policy trend to be ineffective . The contribution of government spending has not been significant impact on reduce inequality . Therefore , evaluation and improvement in government spending policies are needed so that they can be more effective in achieving the goal of alleviating regional inequality in the western region of Indonesia.
Sustainable Supply Chain Management and Its Impact On Corporate Performance
Authors: Ahmed Al-Mahdi  , Omar Rahman  , Layla Karim
Published: November 2024

This paper investigates the impact of sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) practices on corporate performance. Focusing on multinational corporations, the study assesses the effectiveness of green sourcing, waste reduction, and ethical labor practices in enhancing operational efficiency and reputation. Findings suggest that adopting SSCM practices not only improves environmental outcomes but also leads to increased profitability and customer loyalty.
The Influence of Work Environment, Work Stress, Workload on Turnover Intention Through Organizational Commitment as an Intervening Variable
Authors: Muhammad Teguh Herwidiyanto  , Lijan Poltak Sinambela
Published: November 2024

Research was conducted to analyze the effect of work environment, work stress, workload on turnover intention through organizational commitment. Sampling based on purposive sampling technique as many as 120 respondents with the criteria of project logistics division employees at PT Pos Logistics. The results concluded that the work environment has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention; work stress and workload have a positive and significant effect on turnover intention. The effect of organizational commitment as an intervening variable shows that the work environment has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention; work stress price and workload have a positive and significant effect on turnover intention.
The Transformation of Public Sector Accounting in Encouraging Improvement of Public Service Quality
Authors: Bashiruddin Ahmad  , Haliah Haliah  , Andi Kusumawati
Published: November 2024

The transformation of public sector accounting is critical for enhancing the quality of public services. This evolution is driven by the need for greater transparency, accountability, and efficiency within government operations. Traditional accounting practices, often characterized by a focus on compliance and financial reporting, are being replaced by more comprehensive frameworks that emphasize performance measurement and management. This shift is largely influenced by globalization, technological advancements, and the increasing expectations of citizens for improved public services. By adopting modern accounting practices, public sector organizations can better align their financial management strategies with service delivery goals, thus fostering a culture of continuous improvement. Key elements of this transformation include the integration of performance indicators into accounting systems, the use of budgeting as a tool for strategic planning, and the implementation of accrual accounting. These practices facilitate more nuanced understanding of the resources used in delivering services and the outcomes achieved. Moreover, the adoption of digital technologies in accounting processes enhances data accessibility and enables real-time reporting, which supports informed decision-making. Ultimately, the transformation of public sector accounting is not merely a technical change but a fundamental shift in how public organizations operate. By focusing on outcomes and accountability, this transformation encourages  more responsive and efficient public service, thereby improving the overall quality of services provided to citizens.
Performance-Based Accounting and Its Influence on Employee Motivation
Authors: Rusdiah Hasanuddin  , Nurasia Natsir  , Nadya Nurhidayah Nurdin
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the relationship between performance-based accounting practices and employee motivation within organizations. Utilizing a quantitative research design, a survey was conducted among employees in a specific industry to analyze how performance measurement systems impact motivation levels. The sample included 200 employees in PT. Pabrik TERIGU Makassar, and data were collected on their perceptions of performance-based accounting practices, such as clarity of performance metrics and reward systems. Statistical analyses, including linear regression and correlation analysis, revealed a significant positive correlation between effective performance-based accounting and increased employee motivation. The findings suggest that organizations that implement clear performance metrics and recognition programs can enhance employee engagement and productivity. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence of the positive influence of performance-based accounting on employee motivation, highlighting practical implications for management practices aimed at fostering a motivated workforce.
Situation-based Management in a Philosophical Framework A Critical Approach to Decision Making
Authors: Alberta Adinata  , Uki Yonda Asepta  , Agung Winarno
Published: November 2024

Situation-based management is an approach that emphasizes the importance of context in managerial decision-making. In the philosophical view, this theory highlights that there is no one universal management method; instead, the effectiveness of managerial strategies depends largely on the specific conditions, values, and needs of the organization. By utilizing various philosophical perspectives, such as pragmatism, existentialism, and phenomenology, managers can be more adaptive in responding to environmental dynamics. This approach encourages managers to develop critical skills in situation analysis and ethical decision-making, in order to create added value for the organization and stakeholders. This research aims to explore how situation-based management can be integrated with philosophical principles in daily managerial practice.
Epistemological Foundation of ESG-Based Investment in Indonesia's Economic Policy
Authors: Putri Dwi Wahyuni  , Mohammad Mukhtasar Syamsuddin
Published: November 2024

This research focuses on the application of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) based investments in Indonesia, which emerged in response to the increasing global awareness of environmental and sustainability issues. While ESG in Indonesia is growing, many companies have yet to fully adopt these principles effectively, and there are epistemological challenges in understanding and translating ESG standards into the local policy context. The purpose of this research is to deeply analyze the concept and implementation of ESG-based investment from an epistemological perspective in Indonesian public policy. This research wants to identify the extent to which the Indonesian government understands and utilizes ESG-related information in investment policy and evaluate the effectiveness of the policy. The type of research is descriptive quantitative using a philosophical approach with literature study as a secondary data source, including policy documents, government reports, and academic publications related to ESG. The data is explored using concept analysis and existing theories to assess the application of ESG in economic policy. The findings show that although Indonesia has ESG-related policies, their implementation is often influenced by international pressure and legitimacy needs rather than real impact on sustainability. ESG policies in Indonesia also risk becoming a tool of “greenwashing,” where companies use it for image without concrete actions. This research recommends increased transparency and accountability in ESG reporting for such policies to deliver substantial change.
Manajemen Kelas dalam Meningkatkan Efektivitas Pembelajaran (Studi Kasus di MA Al-Muhtadin Pondok Pesantren Riyadhus Samawi)
Authors: Siti Nurlatifah  , Nur Yanah  , Laili Nur Tsalits Asmoro
Published: November 2024

Classroom management is a conscious effort to organize learning process activities systematically, including the preparation of teaching materials, provision of facilities and infrastructure, organizing learning spaces and creating a conducive learning atmosphere so that learning objectives can be achieved. Classroom management efforts lead to the preparation of learning materials, learning facilities and infrastructure, learning space arrangements, controlling student behavior, and improving student achievement and grades. The implementation of classroom management will create an effective, varied, and fun learning atmosphere. The purpose of the research conducted intends to find out (1) To what extent is the implementation of classroom management. (2) Whether the learning process is effective. (3) What are the inhibiting and supporting factors in implementing classroom management. (4) And what efforts are made by teachers and schools in improving the effectiveness of classroom management. The results showed that classroom management has not been carried out optimally, the teacher's teaching method is still monotonous so that it makes students less interested in listening to the material. Then there is still a lack of student discipline. Although the implementation of classroom management is still not optimal, teachers remain enthusiastic and continue to strive to do and implement classroom management optimally, so that what is the goal of the school will be achieved properly. The efforts that teachers will make in implementing classroom management in order to increase the effectiveness of learning are by preparing administrative tasks properly, using varied learning methods and media. And teachers apply student discipline.
ASPECTOS E ESTRATÉGIAS DE PREVENÇÃO DA TRANSMISSÃO VERTICAL DO HIV
Authors: Diulia Grazielly C O Gouveia  , Gabryela Marcella Ferreira Silva  , Gleyce Kelly Silva
Published: November 2024

Este estudo investigou a transmissão vertical do HIV, que ocorre quando o vírus é transmitido de uma mãe infectada para o bebê durante a gravidez, parto ou amamentação. Em gestações sem intervenções profiláticas, a taxa de transmissão pode ser de 25%, mas com a aplicação de medidas preventivas adequadas, como terapia antirretroviral (TARV), essa taxa pode ser reduzida para menos de 1%. O objetivo principal foi identificar os mecanismos de transmissão e avaliar as estratégias de prevenção. A metodologia utilizada foi uma revisão integrativa de literatura, com busca em bases de dados como PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, selecionando estudos dos últimos dez anos sobre a transmissão vertical e suas prevenções. Os resultados indicaram que a TARV é altamente eficaz na redução da carga viral materna e, consequentemente, na diminuição do risco de transmissão para o bebê. Além disso, práticas como o acompanhamento pré-natal especializado e a substituição da fórmula por fórmulas infantis específicas para a eficácia das estratégias profiláticas. Conclui-se que uma abordagem integrada, com o papel ativo dos profissionais de saúde, especialmente os biomédicos, é essencial para garantir o sucesso das medidas preventivas e da saúde dos recém-nascidos, garantindo que a transmissão vertical do HIV seja praticamente eliminada.
REJUVENESCIMENTO CUTÂNEO ATRAVÉS DA UTILIZAÇÃO DE PEELING QUÍMICO
Authors: Gleiciene Correia Da Cruz  , Bruna Rodrigues  , Gleyce Kelly Silva
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho de revisão analisa o uso do peeling químico no rejuvenescimento cutâneo, abordando suas diferentes classificações, agentes químicos e aplicações clínicas. A pesquisa revisou estudos publicados entre 2010 e 2024, além de algumas referências mais antigas que se mostraram essenciais para compreender o tema. O peeling químico, classificado como superficial, médio e profundo, promove a renovação da pele através da esfoliação controlada e estímulo à produção de colágeno e elastina, resultando em uma pele mais jovem e saudável. Apesar de amplamente utilizado, o procedimento apresenta riscos de complicações, como hiperpigmentação e infecções, especialmente em peelings profundos. Conclui-se que o peeling químico é uma opção eficaz para o rejuvenescimento, desde que criteriosamente indicado e supervisionado por profissionais qualificados.
Unveiling Wordsworth's Daffodils: A Semiotic Tapestry of Signs and Symbols
Authors: Sulistiawati  , Nur Hikmah  , Muhammad Hasbi
Published: November 2024

This research aims to identify and analyze signs and symbols in William Wordsworth’s poem I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud. This study employs a descriptive qualitative research design through a semiotic approach to investigate the function of signs and symbols in poetic discourse. The data in this research was collected from Wordsworth’s. I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud as the primary data source, while the secondary data sources are books, articles, and other online sources that support the primary data. The obtained data were analyzed using Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotic model, which consists of an icon, index, and symbol. The data analysis was conducted in three stages: classification, display, and verification. The result of this research shows that the poem employs various phrases, which can be categorized as icons, indexes, and symbols. The signs function to surpass linguistic barriers and convey significant insights about the human spirit and its connection to the natural world. These can also serve as a reminder that even the most basic words, when skillfully composed and infused with symbolic significance, can have a lasting effect on readers, encouraging them to delve into their feelings and establish a stronger bond with the world.
A Short Note for Hypersoft Rough Graphs
Authors: Fujita Takaaki , Smarandache Florentin
Published: November 2024

Graph theory, a branch of mathematics, explores relationships among entities using vertices and edges. To address the uncertainties inherent in real-world networks, Uncertain Graph Theory has emerged as a significant extension within this field. Hypersoft Graphs advance traditional graphs further by incorporating multi-attribute nodes, allowing each node to represent multiple attribute values, thus capturing more complex, multi-dimensional relationships. The Soft Rough Set and Soft Rough Graph combine the principles of Soft Sets and Rough Sets to manage uncertainty in a more refined manner. In this paper, we introduce the Hypersoft Rough Graph and analyze its relationships with other graph classes.
Antipodal Turiyam Neutrosophic Graphs
Authors: Fujita Takaaki , Smarandache Florentin
Published: November 2024

Graph theory, a mathematical field, investigates the relationships between entities through vertices and edges [29]. Within this discipline, Uncertain Graph Theory emerges to model uncertainties in realworld networks. This paper presents the concept of the Antipodal Turiyam Neutrosophic Graph. In an Antipodal Graph, two nodes are connected if their shortest path distance equals the graph's diameter, emphasizing connections between the farthest nodes. Turiyam Neutrosophic Graphs extend traditional graphs by introducing four membership values-truth, indeterminacy, falsity, and liberal state-assigned to each vertex and edge, enabling a more nuanced representation of complex relationships.
Study for General Plithogenic Soft Expert Graphs
Authors: Fujita Takaaki , Smarandache Florentin
Published: November 2024

Graph theory, a branch of mathematics, focuses on studying graphs that model relationships between objects through vertices and edges [29]. The Turiyam Neutrosophic Graph handles uncertainty by assigning four values to vertices and edges: truth, indeterminacy, falsity, and liberal state. In contrast, the Plithogenic Graph is a general structure where vertices and edges are defined by degrees of appurtenance and contradiction across multiple attributes [45]. The General Plithogenic Graph extends the Plithogenic Graph, offering a broader framework [45]. This study presents new concepts of the General Plithogenic Soft Expert Graph and the Turiyam Neutrosophic Soft Expert Graph, with the former expanding the existing Soft Expert Graph model into a more generalized structure.
Three Novel Approaches to Deep Space: Interstellar Travel that Transcend the Limitations Imposed by the Rocket Equation
Authors: Christianto Victor , Smarandache Florentin
Published: November 2024

At the time of writing this abstract, we read about Betelgeuse star has exploded in the last few days. While there are various explanations and interpretations on how that event would have impacted this Earth’s inhabitants, our interpretation asserts that there are several chains of stars that act to lock this Earth to the 3D realm, and the exploded Betelgeuse star can be considered as a signal from heaven that we, all Earth inhabitants, are allowed to be elevated to 5D consciousness and to explore the Deep Space beyond this solar system. Therefore, in the present paper, it is considered three novel approaches to Deep Space / interstellar travel that transcend the limitations imposed by the Tsiolkovsky rocket equation. Among other things, we explore the possibility of utilizing macro quantum tunneling as an alternative propulsion method. By inducing a state of quantum coherence in a macroscopic object, it is theorized that it could tunnel through barriers, bypassing the need for conventional propulsion systems. Furthermore, we investigate the potential role of spin supercurrents in facilitating this process. The paper delves into the theoretical underpinnings of macroquantum tunneling and spin supercurrents, discussing the challenges and opportunities associated with their application to space travel.
Liderazgo de Cambio y Clima de Seguridad en el Trabajo en una Empresa Manufacturera
Authors: Velázquez Rosas Alan Fernando , Ortega Velázquez Aida
Published: November 2024

El desarrollo e implementación de un clima de seguridad en las organizaciones se ha vuelto una prioridad debido a su relación con la prevención de accidentes y riesgos laborales. La investigación ha señalado causas y antecedentes relacionados con ambientes seguros de trabajo. Con base en lo anterior, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los efectos del liderazgo de cambio en el clima de seguridad en el trabajo en una empresa manufacturera. Para la realización del objetivo se recolectaron datos a través de una encuesta online aplicada a una muestra de 240 trabajadores de una empresa fabricante de motores. El tipo de estudio realizado fue descriptivo y correlacional, y el tipo de diseño fue transversal. Los resultados muestran que el liderazgo orientado al cambio obtuvo una relación baja pero significativa con el clima de seguridad laboral. Lo anterior pudo deberse a que en la empresa recientemente los directivos implementaron acciones para reforzar la participación de jefes y líderes de área respecto al clima de seguridad. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados.
Landasan Sosiologi Pendidikan Kristen dan Pengaruhnya pada Pendidikan Kristen Modern
Authors: Martha Bela Wawo
Published: November 2024

Christian education not only provides religious knowledge but also builds character and unites communities. Therefore, education must be built with a deep conceptual sistematics to understand the complex relationship between religion, society, and education which will be based on the foundation of the sociology of Christian education one of which is by understanding the sociology of education. The sociological foundation of education is very important because it can maintain the values of the Christian faith in education while overcoming global challenges and technological advances in the midst of today's modern world. The sociology of Christian education is a solid and strong foundation to respond to changing times without losing the values or core identity of the Christian faith. The sociology of Christian education will maintain how the values and principles of the truth of the Christian faith are related to the way believers live their lives. It is intended to assist each believer in carrying out his or her calling in the world and help reach souls for Christ. Therefore, it is expected that Christian education must continue to adapt to the changing times by maintaining the principles and values of Christian teaching. This study aims to contribute to Christian Education teachers in facing various challenges as a result of rapid technological development. Sociology of Education plays an important role in modern Christian education in order to understand social dynamics, build character, and build a strong community. by maintaining Christian values that pattern and give meaning to each stage of education, without reducing moral values. Therefore, it is expected for Christian education to adapt to the changing times while maintaining the principles and values of Christian teachings.
Effects of 6-Week Interval Aerobic Training (IAT) and Nano-Selenium Supplementation on Laminin α5 and Collagen IV Expression in the Extracellular Matrix of Alveolar Epithelial Cells in the Lungs of Healthy and Cigarette Smoke-Exposed Rats
Authors: Ghaeni Mansoureh , Mirdar Shadmehr
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of six weeks of interval aerobic training (IAT) and nano-selenium supplementation on laminin α5 and collagen IV expression in the extracellular matrix of alveolar epithelial cells in the lungs of cigarette smoke-exposed rats. Methods and Materials: This experimental laboratory study used thirty-five male Wistar rats weighing 180-220 grams. The rats were randomly divided into seven groups: Healthy control, COPD control, COPD IAT, Healthy IAT, Healthy Selenium, Healthy Selenium-IAT, and COPD Selenium-IAT. Cigarette smoke extract was used to induce lung injury. Nano-selenium particles were administered via gavage. Interval aerobic training was performed for six weeks, five days per week. The expression of laminin α5 and collagen IV in the extracellular matrix of alveolar epithelial cells was evaluated. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, two-way ANOVA, and Tukey's post hoc test. Findings: Two-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in laminin α5 expression between the healthy control and COPD control groups (P=0.011), but no significant difference for collagen IV (P=0.971). There was also a significant difference in laminin α5 expression between the COPD control and COPD + IAT groups (P=0.011), but no significant difference for collagen IV (P=0.999). No significant differences in laminin α5 and collagen IV expression were found between the control and training or supplementation groups (P=0.999). Conclusion: The results suggest that six weeks of interval aerobic training may be beneficial for mitigating the negative effects of cigarette smoke on laminin α5 expression in the lungs of rats with induced COPD.
Effect of 8 weeks of Intense Intermittent Exercise with Thyme Extract on the Expression of Apoptosis Indicators Bax and p53 in Liver Tissue and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Authors: Afravi Nader , Salehi Amirali , Norinejad Hassan , Huang Hongxiang
Published: November 2024

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of exhaustive interval training combined with thyme extract supplementation on the expression of apoptosis markers Bax and P53 in liver tissue and insulin resistance in male rats with type 2 diabetes. Methods and Materials: The study population consisted of 36 male Wistar rats. After 20 weeks of a high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg/kg STZ, the rats developed diabetes. A fasting blood glucose level between 150 to 400 mg/dL indicated type 2 diabetes. The diabetic rats were then divided into four groups: control, interval training, thyme extract, and interval training-thyme extract groups. The exercise protocol consisted of eight weeks of interval training, five sessions per week, with 2-minute high-intensity intervals (2 to 8 intervals) at 80-90% VO2max and 1-minute rest intervals at 50-56% VO2max. Thyme extract was administered at a dose of 200 mg/kg dissolved in distilled water, given orally via gavage 5 days per week before exercise. Findings: Two-way ANOVA analysis showed that the gene expression of apoptosis markers Bax and P53 in liver tissue significantly increased in the interval training and thyme extract groups compared to the diabetic control group. Moreover, the expression of these markers was significantly higher in the thyme extract group compared to the control group. However, the expression of Bax and P53 in liver tissue in the interval training and combined interval training-thyme extract groups showed a non-significant increase compared to the control group. Additionally, findings indicated an improvement in insulin resistance and glucose levels in the interval training and combined interval training-thyme extract groups, with significant results observed in the interval training group. Conclusion: It appears that high-intensity interval training and thyme extract consumption may reduce the expression of apoptotic markers Bax and P53 in
FACTORS CAUSING THE EMERGENCE OF NON-PERFORMING (PROBLEM) ASSETS IN THE BANKING SECTOR IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors:   Kyiv International University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Danchenko Vladyslav
Published: November 2024

Today, Ukraine is in an extremely difficult economic, social and political situation, which in turn determines the need to ensure the effective functioning of all spheres of the state's life, especially its financial sector. An important element of the latter is the banking system, which in the conditions of a full-scale war faced a large number of risks, among which a special place is given to non-working (problem) assets. At the same time, it should be noted that the emergence of non-performing (problem) assets in the banking sector is determined by a number of factors of a diverse nature. Objective. The article, based on the analysis of the scientific views of scientists, the norms of the current legislation and the practice of its implementation, highlights the factors that cause the emergence of non-performing (problem) assets in the banking sector in modern conditions. Methods. In the process of preparing a scientific study, a number of both general and special methods of scientific knowledge were used. Thus, the analytical method and the method of documentary analysis were used in order to identify the problems causing the emergence of (problem) assets in the banking sector. The method of systematization and classification was used in order to form the author's vision of the factors that cause the emergence of non-performing (problem) assets in the banking sector. Results. It is argued that the factors causing the emergence of non-performing (problem) assets in the banking sector should be divided into two large groups: 1) external, in particular: a) regulatory and legal; b) political; c) financial and economic; d) safe; e) demographic; 2) internal factors, which include: a) organizational and managerial factors; b) personnel; c) informational and analytical. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the theoretical approach to the definition of the key factors causing the emergence of non-performing (problem) assets in the banking sector in modern conditions was further elaborated in it. Practical significance. To solve the theoretical and practical problems causing the emergence of non-performing (problem) assets in the banking sector in modern conditions. Keywords: factors, banks, banking activity, non-performing, problem assets, financial sphere, banking sphere.
School Work Environment in Relation to Teacher Motivation and Teaching Competencies
Authors: Sanlao Chrisnilu , Buenavidez Elsa , Baluyos Genelyn
Published: November 2024

Cultivating a positive school work environment significantly enhances teacher motivation and competencies. This quantitative study determined the relationship between the school work environment and teachers' motivation and teaching competencies among the faculty at a state college in Zamboanga del Sur during the 2023-2024 school year. The study employed quantitative research methods, utilizing a descriptive-correlational design. The respondents included 105 teachers selected through stratified random sampling. Researcher-made questionnaires on School Work Environment, Teacher Motivation, and Teaching Competencies were the instruments used in the study. Mean, standard deviation, and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation were the statistical tools used in data analysis. Results revealed that the teachers' school work environment was rated very good. Teachers were found to be highly motivated and very competent in their teaching roles. Moreover, their work environment was highly correlated with their level of motivation and teaching competence. Hence, the school work environment plays an important role in enhancing teachers' motivation and teaching competencies. School administrators may ensure a positive work environment by providing adequate resources, fostering effective communication, and supporting a collegial atmosphere. Such an environment can significantly contribute to the professional growth and development of teachers.

Keywords : communication, competencies, motivation, positive environment, resources