bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Power conditions of rolling in universal calibers of modern rail-beam mills
Authors: Fastykovskii A. R. , Dobryanskii A. V. , Dorofeev V. V.
Published: September 2022

Development of rolling stock, increase in the speed of transportation, load-bearing capacity of highways and their length requires constant improvement of the production technology for railway rails. Modern rail-beam mills have in their composition a continuously reversible group of stands, which includes universal stands. Rolling of rail profiles in universal calibers is radically different from rolling in two-roll calibers, and at the moment is not well studied, both theoretically and practically. The article defines the conditions for feasibility of the rolling process in universal calibers with a pair of non-drive rolls, taking into account the values of active (reserve friction forces) acting from the drive rolls and reactive forces from the non-drive rolls and roller fittings. The energy balance method solves the problem of determining the back-up force required for deformation in non-drive rolls. When solving the equation of equilibrium of forces in the deformation center formed by the drive rolls, the reserve of friction forces is defined, the magnitude of which largely determines the possibility of the rolling process. Theoretical dependences are obtained for estimating the power balance during rolling in universal calibers of modern rail-beam mills, taking into account the reserve of friction forces provided by the drive rolls and the support required for deformation in non-drive rolls. Information about the force conditions in a universal caliber is necessary to analyze the feasibility of the rolling process in it under various deformation modes and to clarify the drawing coefficients for elements of the resulting profile. Dependencies are proposed that allow estimating the consumption of the reserve of friction forces for the operation of roller fittings serviced by universal caliber. The well-known formula of A.I. Tselikov and A. I. Grishkov on the definition of broadening was clarified in relation to rolling in universal calibers with two non-drive rolls. The support from the non-drive rolls side effects the change in size of sole and head of the rail profiles.
Unpacking the past: The ambivalent legacy of colleges of education
Authors: Robinson M , Chisholm L
Published: September 2022

he positive memory of teacher education colleges within South African higher education, often leading to a call to re-open the colleges, is usually based on an argument that colleges offered more 'practical' teacher preparation than today's universities. In this article we draw on a variety of historical sources and artefacts, produced for an exhibition on colleges in the Western Cape, to reflect in greater depth on the experiences of college life. We use the concept of embodied knowledge that recognises the interconnectedness of knowledge, being and feeling with context to probe the sources and discuss ways in which colleges built a sense of community. At the same time, we illustrate the ambivalent legacy of these colleges, in their racial inequalities and constrained and often alienating curricula. We conclude by suggesting principles of teacher education that continue to be relevant, even as contemporary approaches to teacher education, and current policies and conditions, preclude a return to the past.
Predicting Students' Performance in Mathematics through Educational Data Mining Techniques during the Transition from Primary to Lower Secondary School
Authors: ORHANİ Senad
Published: September 2022

The ability to predict students' performance tendency is very important to improve their learning skills. For this, Educational Data Mining (EDM) is a more active research field. It aims to find useful information from the educational data set using data extraction techniques. The most important EDM tasks for this study are to predict student performance. The overall goal of EDM is to understand how students learn and identify those aspects that can improve teaching and learning aspects. This paper reviews some existing research and identifies other future pathways based on EDM knowledge. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to describe how EDM techniques can help math teachers identify students who are most likely to fail and then take appropriate action, and change strategies for it to improve the performance of their students in this area.
HEALTH RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION AS EXPRESS BY WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE IN ILORIN SOUTH LGA, KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Ibrahim Ologele , Onaolapo Abdulrasaq Qazeem , Usman Jonathan Sunday , Azeezat Oluwatoyin Dabiri-Adewumi
Published: September 2022

Female genital mutilation harms girls and women in many ways and it has no health benefits. Therefore, the study investigated the health risks associated with the female genital mutilation as expressed by women of childbearing age in Ilorin South LGA, Kwara State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to determine whether dyspareunia and infertility are health risk associated with female genital mutilation. A descriptive research design of the survey type was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprises women of childbearing age. Two hundred and forty-two respondents were sampled for the study. A validated researcher’s developed questionnaire tested for reliability was used for the study. The data collected analyzed using descriptive statistics of chi-square to test the formulated hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings indicated that dyspareunia and infertility are significant health risks associated with female genital mutilation (Cal. chi-square value > chi-square Table value) at 0.05 alpha level. The study concluded that dyspareunia and infertility are health risk associated with female genital mutilation as express by women of childbearing age in Ilorin South local government area of Kwara State, Nigeria. Evidence generated from the study also suggest implication for the local government authority on the need to conduct enlightenment campaign through mass media on health effects associated with female genital mutilation to enable parents desist from the practice.
ISU DAN CABARAN SEKTOR HULUAN DAN HILIRAN INDUSTRI SAWIT
Authors: Che Hassan Pahmi Afaf Hilyati , Rahmi Azi Azira , Jamean Emylia Shakira , Choy Er Ah
Published: September 2022

Perkembangan industri kelapa sawit di Malaysia bermula pada tahun 1917 dengan pembukaan ladang sawit pertama di Tennamaran, Selangor. Seterusnya, pada awal dekad 1960-an, pembukaan ladang sawit meningkat dengan mendadak apabila FELDA membuka tanah rancangan secara besar-besaran selaras dengan dasar kerajaan pada masa tersebut untuk membasmi kemiskinan di kalangan penduduk luar bandar. Pada masa kini, kelapa sawit telah menjadi antara tanaman komoditi yang terpenting Malaysia. Rantaian nilai industri kelapa sawit terbahagi kepada tiga segmen iaitu sektor huluan, pertengahan dan hiliran. Sektor huluan terdiri daripada aktiviti penyediaan anak pokok, penanaman dan penuaian Buah Tandan Segar. Peringkat pertengahan pula adalah pengilangan yang melibatkan pemprosesan dan penapisan BTS daripada ladang atau yang diterima daripada pekebun kecil bagi menghasilkan minyak sawit mentah. Akhirnya, minyak sawit mentah akan diproses selanjutnya di peringkat hiliran bagi tujuan simpanan dan pasaran sama ada domestik atau eksport dan akhirnya sampai ke pengguna yang lazimnya adalah produk makanan. Walaupun pelbagai kejayaan yang dicapai oleh sektor sawit negara sepanjang 100 tahun industri tersebut bertapak di Malaysia, terdapat pelbagai isu dan cabaran yang dihadapi oleh industri sawit negara. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk (i) mengenal pasti isu dan cabaran utama sektor huluan, pertengahan dan hiliran kelapa sawit dan (ii) apakah usaha-usaha dan cadangan penambahbaikan yang telah dijalankan bagi mengatasi isu dan cabaran ini. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk menyelidik isu dan cabaran sektor huluan, pertengahan dan hiliran industri kelapa sawit melalui temu bual sebagai instrumen kajian utama dan analisis dokumen sebagai sokongan. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa antara isu utama industri sawit negara adalah kekurangan tenaga buruh, kelestarian alam sekitar perladangan dan pengilangan sawit, persepsi negatif terhadap minyak sawit daripada masyarakat antarabangsa dan halangan perdagangan. Isu dan cabaran ini perlu diatasi dengan berkesan antaranya hubungan diplomatik serta peningkatan kepercayaan konsumer terhadap produk sawit yang memerlukan pendekatan yang strategik.
CLIMATE CHANGE EDUCATION AS A MEANS TO PROTECT THE PLANET: A REVIEW OF THE RELEVANT LITERATURE
Authors: Mavuso MP , Khalo X , Kafu-Qavane BP , Olawumi KB
Published: September 2022

Climate change is a worldwide phenomenon and it is a great concern to all countries as it brings about a global warming climate system that affects human behavior. South Africa, like other countries, is severely affected by climate change. Although attempts are increasingly made to integrate climate change into school curricula, teachers have challenges in preparing and implementing climate change lessons. This study, therefore, sought to review literature related to the integration of climate change education in the school curriculum and to identify the strategies teachers use when integrating climate change education in teaching and learning. The study adopted a literature review approach and a comprehensive electronic search for relevant literature was done using Google Scholar search and springer which led to the discovery of a research article suitable for the study. Three African countries Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa were selected as case studies. It emerged from the literature that although governments of South Africa, Nigeria, and Kenya, are making concerted efforts to raise climate change awareness and education, there appear to be no clear strategies for teachers to use when integrating climate change education into their lessons. What appears is that these countries are concerned about the effects of climate change and are attempting to achieve its integration in the school curriculum. The study concludes that attempts to address climate change in these countries are made although with varied strategies and paces.
SURMOUNTING NIGERIA’S PRESENT INSECURITY: ESSENTIALITY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS’ POLITICAL COMMUNICATION
Authors: Paul Okudolo Ikemefuna Taire , Salawu Abiodun
Published: September 2022

Nigeria’s present insecurity situation has compelled various theories aimed at surmounting the condition. However, most of the theories emphasize ethno-religious dimensions than the character of policymaking to overcome the insecurity. Pundits barely deliberate the nexus between Nigeria’s present insecurity and relegation of local governments’ political communication (LGPC) in intergovernmental policymaking relations (IPR) to neutralize the circumstance. Incidentally, the overwhelming victims of Nigeria’s present insecurity domicile within local government jurisdictions. Consequently, the study aims to accentuate what LGPC offers the Nigerian state to overcome the recent insecurity. Its all-encompassing objective is to promote consideration of LGPC in IPR to effectively overwhelm the current insecurity. It eclectically deploys political communication theory, a constructed Functional Intergovernmental Relations Model and political culture theory as its theoretic framework of analysis. The study’s methodological orientation is explorative qualitative research design, based on secondary analyzed textual and interview qualitative data. It finds that non-consideration of LGPC as inputs – utilizing Nigerian local governments’ experiences, advocacies, activisms, human cum material resources and policy suggestions - in the IPR to mitigate the insecurity ultimately worsens the circumstance. Incessant discounting of local government inputs in the problem-solving policymaking schemes by the higher tiers demonstrates why Nigeria's present insecurity remains intractable. The reality of IPR in Nigeria is that feedback of local governments for the resolution of societal disorders like insecurity is habitually disregarded. Conclusively, the study theorizes that Nigeria's present insecurity will continue to exacerbate if local government contributions are not considered in the alleviation dynamics.
USAHA MALAYSIA DALAM MENYANTUNI GOLONGAN AUTISME MELALUI PELANCONGAN KELUARGA
Authors: Fazil Fauzunnasirah , Choy Er Ah , Singh Susheel Joginder , Tambi Noordeyana
Published: September 2022

Keluarga merupakan antara kumpulan pasaran terbesar dan terpenting dalam industri pelancongan. Banyak destinasi pelancongan di pelbagai negara mensasarkan kumpulan ini dalam aktiviti promosi produk pelancongan mereka kerana peratusan pasaran pelancongan riadah di seluruh dunia didominasi oleh kumpulan pelancong berkeluarga iaitu sebanyak 30%. Namun, tidak semua keluarga mempunyai latar belakang dan keperluan produk atau perkhimatan pelancongan yang sama. Kumpulan keluarga dengan anak berkeperluan khas memerlukan perkhidmatan sokongan yang sedikit berbeza berbanding kumpulan keluarga dengan anak tipikal. Kumpulan keluarga dengan kanak-kanak berkeperluan khas seperti kanak-kanak mempunyai autisme perlu diberi perhatian serius memandangkan data menunjukkan insiden kanak-kanak mempunyai autisme di dunia telah meningkat pada kadar 1 daripada 160. Secara tidak langsung, peningkatan jumlah ini boleh memberi kesan kepada peningkatan permintaan produk dan perkhidmatan pelancongan bersifat mesra-autisme daripada kumpulan keluarga yang bercuti bersama anak mempunyai autisme. Oleh itu, kajian ini meneroka kemudahan mesra-autisme di sektor-sektor yang termasuk dalam kategori produk pelancongan untuk menilai persediaan Malaysia dalam menyantuni keperluan khas kanak-kanak mempunyai autisme ketika bercuti. Kajian ini dijalankan melalui kaedah kualitatif melalui teknik analisa dokumen terhadap bahan tertulis dan bahan yang digambarkan dan teknik pemerhatian secara terus bagi mengupas kemudahan mesra-autisme yang ditawarkan di negara ini. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa kemudahan mesra-autisme di negara ini hanya terdapat di sektor beli-belah, pengangkutan, perkhidmatan makanan dan tarikan pelancong.
Scenario Models for the Functioning of a Medical Cyber-Physical System in Normal and Emergency Situations
Authors:   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, 199178, Russian Federation, Levonevskiy D. K. , Motienko A. I. ,   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, 199178, Russian Federation
Published: September 2022

The existing solutions in the field of medical cyber-physical systems, considers their individual components and patient monitoring systems are studied in the paper. It has been established that there are separate developments in this area, but there is no comprehensive approach to organizing the cyber-physical environment of patients in hospitals and various other inpatient institutions. In the course of the study, some regular and emergency scenarios for the functioning of medical cyber-physical systems have been studied. Its are implemented when patients interact with the system while at home, as well as while in hospitals and various other inpatient institutions. These scenarios have been simulated at the logical level. To model processes, activity diagrams are constructed, data structures are described using class diagrams. The generalized architecture of the medical cyber-physical system is given. The obtained solutions can be used in the design and development of medical cyber-physical systems and their components that monitor the health status of patients, interact with them, collect and visualize health data, and solve auxiliary problems. The application of the proposed solutions will enable medical specialists to receive and evaluate information more quickly, which, in turn, will lead to an increase in the quality of medical services provided.
On estimation problem for continuous time stationary processes from observations in special sets of points
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Masyutka O. Yu. , Golichenko I. I. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine ”Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Politechnic Institute”, Moklyachuk M. P. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: September 2022

The problem of the mean-square optimal estimation of the linear functionals which depend on the unknown values of a stochastic stationary process from observations of the process with missings is considered. Formulas for calculating the mean-square error and the spectral characteristic of the optimal linear estimate of the functionals are derived under the condition of spectral certainty, where the spectral density of the process is exactly known. The minimax (robust) method of estimation is applied in the case where the spectral density of the process is not known exactly while some sets of admissible spectral densities are given. Formulas that determine the least favourable spectral densities and the minimax spectral characteristics are derived for some special sets of admissible densities.
On a determination of the boundary function in the initial-boundary value problem for the second order hyperbolic equation
Authors:   Lankaran State University, Askerov I. M.
Published: September 2022

In the paper the problem of determination of the boundary function is studied in the initial boundary value problem described by the second order hyperbolic equation. With the help of the additional condition, the functional is constructed, and the problem under consideration is reduced to the optimal control problem. The differential of the function is calculated, a necessary and sufficient condition for optimality is proved.
Stability estimates in nonlinear differential equations of a special kind
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Khusainov D. Ya. , Shakotko T. I. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: September 2022

Quite a lot of works have been devoted to problems of stability theory and, in particular, to the use of the second Lyapunov method for this. The main ones are the following [1-7]. The main attention in these works is paid to obtaining stability conditions. At the same time, when solving practical problems, it is important to obtain quantitative characteristics of the convergence of solutions to an equilibrium position. In this paper, we consider nonlinear scalar differential equations with nonlinearity of a special form (weakly nonlinear equations). Differential equations of this type are encountered in the study of processes in neurodynamics [8,9]. In this paper, we obtain stability conditions for a stationary solution of scalar equations of this type. And also the characteristics of the convergence of the process are calculated. It is shown that the solution of stability problems is closely related to optimization problems [10-12].
MEMRAN TEKNOLOJİLERİ VE MEMBRAN TEKNOLOJİLERİNİN ELEKTROSPİNNİNG YÖNTEMİ İLE NANO LİF ÜRETİMİ ÜZERİNE LİTERATÜR TARAMASI
Authors: GÜL Abdullah , TİYEK İsmail
Published: September 2022

Nanoteknoloji alanında yapılmış birçok çalışma, yeni filtreleme teknikleri üzerine 100 ile 1000 nm arasında değişen lif çaplarına sahip elektrospinning tekniği ile rahatlıkla üretilebilen membran filtre sistemlerini konu almaktadırlar.

Son zamanlarda membran teknolojileri; çevre, sağlık, enerji ve endüstriyel birçok alanda uygulama alanı edinmiştir. Membran teknolojilerinin uygulamalarındaki esas hedef, membran yapısının bileşenlerden oluşmuş çözeltilerde amaca uygun olarak istenilmeyen bileşenlerin geçişini engelleyerek süzülmesidir. Bu özelliği daha çok su arıtımı, atık su arıtımı ve deniz suyundan içme suyu elde etmek için kullanımlarda uygulama alanı bulmasına olanak sağlamıştır.

Membran teknolojileri, ayrışma sağlayacak şekilde süzmenin ve moleküler taşınmanın yerine getirildiği kontrollü geçirgen sistemler olarak tarif edilebilir. Ayrıştırma prosesi, membran yapısının hem moleküler yapısına hem de tasarımsal karakteristiklerine bağlı olarak uygulanan ortamın birkaç özelliğine bağlı olarak yerine getirilmesi ile sağlanır. Ayrıca ayrıştırma prosesi, gözenekli yapıya sahip membranlarda; gözenek çapı, formu ve yük ayrışmasına göre kontrol edilirken gözeneksiz yapıya sahip membranlarda ise difüzyon ve sorpsiyon tasarımlarına göre kontrol etmektedir. Membran teknolojilerinde membranın performansı, akı ve seçicilik parametreleri dikkate alınmaktadır.
LİNEER OLMAYAN SİSTEMLERİN KİMLİKLENDİRİLMESİ İÇİN KELEBEK OPTİMİZASYON ALGORİTMASI KULLANILARAK İLERİ BESLEMELİ YAPAY SİNİR AĞININ EĞİTİMİ
Authors: BAŞTEMUR KAYA Ceren
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışma, lineer olmayan sistemlerin kimliklendirilmesi için ileri beslemeli yapay sinir ağının (İB-YSA) eğitiminde kelebek optimizasyon algoritmasının (KOA) performansını değerlendirmektedir. Bu kapsamda, yapay sinir ağının (YSA) ağırlıkları KOA ile belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, İB-YSA’nın eğitiminde popülasyon büyüklüğü ve ağ yapısının etkisi detaylıca incelenmiştir. Algoritmanın çözüm kalitesi ve yakınsama hızı açısından performansı değerlendirilmiştir. Uygulamalarda lineer olmayan 4 sistem kullanılmıştır. Hata değeri olarak ortalama karesel hata seçilmiştir. Tüm sistemler için elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde, lineer olmayan sistemlerin kimliklendirilmesinde KOA tabanlı İB-YSA eğitim sürecinin etkili olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
BÖLGESEL OLARAK TOPLANAN ATIK Lİ-İYON PİLLERİNİN GERİ DÖNÜŞÜMÜNDE İÇERİK VE MALİYET ANALİZLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: AKSU Hasan , ZIBA Cengiz Ayhan , MORCALI Mehmet Hakan
Published: September 2022

Her geçen gün taşınabilir enerjiye olan ihtiyacımız artmaktadır. Modern hayatın vazgeçilmezi olan piller iletişim çağında çok daha fazla önem kazanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla kısa sürede çok fazla enerji depolama özelliğine sahip pillere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu ihtiyacımız ise Li-iyon piller ile karşılanmaktadır. Elbette hızlı bir tüketim toplumunun oluşması ile artan pil kullanımı çevre ve insan sağlığı için potansiyel bir tehlike oluşturmaktadır. Kullanım ömrünü doldurmuş pillerin çevreye gelişi güzel bırakılması ciddi metal kirliliklerine sebep olmakla birlikte içeriğindeki ekonomik değeri olan malzemelerden dolayı da ciddi ekonomik kayıplar mevcuttur

Bu çalışmada, İstanbul ili Ümraniye ilçesi Namık Kemal mahallesi sınırları içerisinde 12 atık pil toplama noktası belirlenmiş ve üç aylık süre içerisinde bu noktalarda toplanan kullanım ömrünü doldurmuş piller’ sınıflandırılmış ve bileşenleri incelenmiştir. Bu süre içerisinde toplanan 110 adet Li-iyon pillinin ortalama kompozisyonu %20 Cu (Bakır), %8 Al (Alüminyum), %10 plastik, %55 pil pastası (LiCoO2) ve %7 diğerleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen metal ve plastik parçaların geri dönüşümde kullanılabilirliği görülmüş olup pil pastasının ise tekrardan kullanılabilirliği için bir takım spektroskopik analizler yapılmıştır. XRD ve XRF analizleri ile desteklenen SEM-EDX analizlerinden görüldüğü üzere katot malzemesi olarak kullanılan Li-metal oksit bileşiklerine birçok defa şarj ve deşarj işleminin uygulanması sırasında, bu bileşiğin katotdan anoda ve tam tersi olarak sürekli göç etmesi sırasında bileşikteki morfolojik yapı bozulmaktadır. Kullanılmış (bitmiş) Li-iyon pillere ait pil pastasının doğrudan ve/veya bir takım basit işlemler uygulanarak tekrardan kullanılabilmesi mümkün görünmemektedir. Pil pastasının tekrardan kullanılabilirliğini sağlanması için çok basamaklı kimyasal süreçlere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Toplanan Li-iyon piller için ekonomik değer çalışması yapılmış ve atık bitmiş pillerin toplanarak ekonomiye kazandırılmasının önemi belirtilmiştir.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MORTARS CONTAINING PARTIALLY WOOD BOTTOM ASH INSTEAD OF CEMENT
Authors: CİHAN Mehmet Timur , AVŞAR Yunus Emre
Published: September 2022

Carbon dioxide (CO2) released into the atmosphere during the production of Portland cement (PC) is one of the important factors causing global warming. Therefore, studies are carried out on different materials to reduce PC consumption. The effect levels of the wood bottom ash (WBA) ratio and specimen age on the response variables (compressive strength, flexural strength, and ultrasonic pulse velocity) were investigated in this study. Mortar specimens were produced using PC, WBA, CEN standard sand, and distilled water. The produced specimens were cured in water until the test day. WBA ratios are 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 35% and 50% by weight of binder. As a result, it was determined that the optimum WBA ratio was 5%. In addition, R2 values of response variables were found to be high (ultrasonic pulsed wave velocity; 0.8925, flexural strength; 0.9356, compressive strength; 0.9404) by analysis of variance (ANOVA). This shows that the models have a high correlation. Moreover, the terms added to the models have a significant effect on the responses.
ADIYAMAN İLİNİN KATI ATIKLARIN ELEKTRİK POTANSİYELİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: GÜLŞEN Hakki , AKKUŞ Abdurrahman , YOLUN Abdurrahman , ASLAN Mustafa
Published: September 2022

Günümüzde enerji kaynakları hızla artmakta ve yenilenebilir enerji üzerinde yoğunlaşan ülkeler gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte mevcut yönetim mekanizmalarından destek alarak çalışmalarını devam etmektedir. Bu teknolojilerin temelinde anaeorobik çürütme ve deponi gazı üretimi bulunmaktadır. Bu yöntemler kullanılarak biyogaz üretiminin yapılması oldukça yaygındır. Çöp gazındaki enerjiyi mekanik enerjiye dönüştürerek elektrik enerjisi üretimi oluşturma ilkesine dayanmaktadır. Çöpte oluşan kötü kokunun oluşması doğal çevrenin ve insan sağlığı açısından ciddi riskler oluşturmaktadır. Adıyaman ilinde katı atıkların elektrik potansiyelinin araştırılması ve enerji üretimi ile 9-10 bin haneye günlük 36 Megawatt elektrik enerjisi sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır. Günlük 380-400 ton katı atıkların içerisinde %45-55 oranında bulunan organik atıklardan yıllık 4.160,440 m3 biyogaz üretilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Depolama alanına gelen yıllık katı atık miktarı 138.700-146.000 ton arasında olup çıkan enerji miktarı 32.956,035 kwh olması beklenmektedir. Bu anlamda katı atıkların geri kazanılması çevresel ve ekonomik açıdan önemli bir konudur. Bu projede Adıyaman ilindeki katı atıkların elektrik potansiyelin araştırılması konu edilmiştir.
Hilbert–Huang Transform and Energy Rate Functions for Earthquake Source Characterization—A Study from the Japan Trench
Authors: Mache Swapnil , Chatterjee Avigyan , Rajendran Kusala , Seelamantula Chandra Sekhar
Published: September 2022

The Hilbert–Huang Transform (HHT) has been sparsely applied to problems in seismology, although previous studies have pointed to its broad scope. In this maiden attempt, we use the HHT to represent earthquake energy release duration and frequency content and compare the results with two conventional inversion methods. By selecting examples from interplate, intraplate, and intraslab settings, we demonstrate that the HHT has the power to discriminate energy release of earthquakes with different tectonic affiliations. We observe that the dominant frequencies for energy release are higher for intraslab earthquakes than for interplate and intraplate events. We use the empirical mode decomposition-based HHT and introduce a new parameter, which we name the energy rate function (ERF), to quantify the energy release. By employing empirical Green’s functions to remove the path and site effects and using a linear combination of a select set of intrinsic mode functions, we generate the station-specific relative measure of energy that we refer to as relative ERFs (RERFs). Averaged over RERFs from multiple stations, the ERF represents a measure of the total relative energy release, comparable to the moment rate functions (MRFs) and SCARDEC source time functions (STFs). Results for six of the seven earthquakes we analyzed show high cross correlation with the STFs (0.84 ± 0.03) and MRFs (0.79 ± 0.06), but there are mismatches between ERFs and MRFs or STFs when the energy release is complex and involves multisegment or bilateral ruptures. The proposed method is computationally efficient, requiring only 3.46 ± 2.62 s on average, compared to ~20 min (~1200 s) for the teleseismic inversion method we employ. With its ability to represent the seismic source in terms of energy release, the ERF method has the potential to evolve not as an alternative to waveform inversion but as a rapid time–frequency analysis tool, useful for earthquake hazard assessment.
The interactive effects of hunger, food cues and dieting on brain activation
Authors:   , Ely Alice Valiant , Lowe Michael R
Published: September 2022

Obesity is a continuously growing problem in the developed Western world, but the nature of weight gain proneness is still unclear. Measures of dieting behavior have been shown to predict future weight gain; it is of interest whether biobehavioral variables exist that differentiate dieters from nondieters. This study examined brain activation in response to food stimuli in Historical Dieters, Current Dieters and Nondieters. Historical Dieters were hypothesized to demonstrate elevated reward-circuitry activation in a fed state as compared to Nondieters. Examination of activation in Current Dieters was exploratory. Thirty participants were recruited from undergraduate psychology courses for this study. Participants were shown pictures of highly palatable foods, moderately palatable foods, non-food items and romantic scenarios while being scanned in an fMRI BOLD paradigm. Romantic cues were included to control for general positive experience. When fasted and viewing highly palatable food, neither nondieters nor frequent dieters showed any significant activation in regions of interest. When fed, frequent dieters showed widespread activation in the ROIs associated with desirability of food, craving and motivation to eat, while nondieters did not. Current dieters demonstrated differential activation as compared to frequent dieters, but pattern of arousal changed whether comparing highly palatable to moderately palatable food or to nonfood stimuli. Frequent dieters may experience greater food reward after having eaten than before, making them likely to overeat. This is consistent with research identifying this group as prone to weight gain. Current dieters demonstrated a differential pattern of activation dependent on the comparison images, suggesting that moderately palatable food may be particularly evocative for this group.
Word-Learning Strategies of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors:   , Patrick Kristina Elise , Hurewitz Felicia
Published: September 2022

As typically developing children begin to understand joint attention, they become avid word learners (Baldwin, 1991). In contrast, children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) often struggle with joint attention and word learning (Baron-Cohen, Baldwin, & Crowson, 1997), although more linguistically advanced syntactic abilities are often intact (Tager-Flusberg et al, 1990). We sought to explore the roles of attention and social understanding in the abilities of children with and without ASD to map novel nouns to their intended referents. After their receptive vocabulary skills were assessed, children with ASD (ages 2 to 10) and matched controls were taught novel words while a speaker gazed at, or gazed at and pointed to, touched, or manipulated a referent object. Sessions were coded for word-mapping accuracy and children's direction of gaze during teaching episodes. Controls of all ages, and ASD children over 6.5 years, mapped correctly in all four conditions, but ASD children 6.5 years and younger performed above chance only in conditions that included a manual gesture. Children with ASD looked at the experimenter less often during teaching episodes than controls, and time spent looking at the experimenter was predictive of word learning for all children. Looks to the target during teaching did not differ by group and were not predictive of performance. Knowledge of nouns, but not verbs, was predictive of performance for controls while knowledge of verbs, but not nouns, predicted performance in children with ASD. Results suggest not only a word-learning delay, but qualitatively different developmental trajectories, for children with autism spectrum disorders compared to typically developing children.
Üst yüz ve orbita bölgesinden alınan genişlik ölçülerinin cinsiyet tayininde kullanımı
Authors: CAN Ali Rıza , KORKMAZ İnan , ATAMTÜRK Derya , KARAZİNCİR Sinem , DUYAR İzzet
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Cinsiyet ayrımı açısından öne çıkan anatomik bölgelerden birisi yüz bölgesi ve bu bölgeyi oluşturan kemik yapılardır. Yapılan çalışmalar yüz bölgesindeki genişlik ölçülerinin, özellikle de bizigomatik genişliğin önemli bir cinsiyet ayırıcı değişken olduğunu ortaya koymakla birlikte üst yüz bölgesini oluşturan diğer elemanlar bu açıdan yeterince incelenmemiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, üst yüz bölgesini mercek altına alarak, görece az incelenmiş genişlik ölçülerinin cinsiyet ayrımında kullanılıp kullanılamayacağı sorusuna cevap aramaktır.

Yöntem: Bu çerçevede, yaşları 18 ve 75 arasında değişen 200 yetişkin bireyin (100 kadın, 100 erkek) BT (bilgisayarlı tomografi) görüntüsü üzerinden 5 genişlik ölçüsü alınmıştır. Bu ölçüler şunlardır: (1) bimalar (interzigomatik) genişlik, (2) bizigomaksiller genişlik, (3) orbital genişlik, (4) biorbital genişlik ve (5) interorbital genişlik. Ölçülerin seksüel dimorfizm dereceleri, tek değişkenli ve çok değişkenli diskriminant fonksiyonları oluşturularak analiz edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Analiz sonuçları, tek değişkenli fonksiyonların cinsiyeti doğru belirleme oranının %63.5 ila %76.5 arasında değiştiğini ortaya koymuştur. Cinsiyeti en iyi ayıran değişkenler sırasıyla bimalar (interzigomatik) genişlik (%76.5) ve biorbital genişliktir (%73). Cinsiyetleri doğru olarak ayıran en başarılı çok değişkenli fonksiyonda bimalar genişlik ve orbital genişlik olup, bu eşitliğin cinsiyeti doğru belirleme oranı %77 olarak tespit edilmiştir.

Sonuç: Bulgular, üst yüz ve orbita bölgesindeki genişlik ölçülerinin cinsiyet belirlemedeki başarısının orta seviyede olduğunu, dolayısıyla pelvisi oluşturan kemik elemanların ele geçmediği durumlarda üst yüz bölgesindeki genişlik ölçülerine başvurulabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır.
Review Curriculum Evaluation of Physical Education Specialty Under the Perspective of Teacher Training Certification
Authors: Han Gailing , Zhu Chunshan , Cui Jie
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to summarize the main body, content, method and application effects of physical education curriculum evaluation, to understand the current situation of physical education curriculum evaluation in China, and to construct an evaluation index system based on teacher training professional certification. The Chinese and English databases were searched by systematic evaluation, and the retrieval time was from December 31, 2018. The research literature that met the standard were included, and qualitative analysis was conducted by subject analysis method. A total of 100 studies were included, most of which summarized the concept, content and subject of physical education curriculum evaluation in different historical backgrounds. It has the following characteristics: The main body of evaluation is diversified, but it is still dominated by teachers' and administrative departments' top-down evaluation. The content of evaluation is diversified, but the homogenization is serious, and the essential problem of course evaluation is not explained enough yet. Evaluation methods are diversified, but there are few methods combining information technology and cross-boundary evaluation. Based on the three core concepts of teachers' professional certification, the evaluation standard is established. With the student-oriented concept, establish the evaluation subject, content, method and means; Taking output orientation as the concept, integrate various methods or means to improve the quality of teaching and student training; Build a developmental evaluation system and promote the continuous improvement of physical education curriculum system.
A Comparative Study of the Chinese Nationwide System and American Association System in Athletic Sports
Authors: Xu Shuisheng , Dai Hanzhi
Published: September 2022

China and the United States, both in the first-tier in competitive sports worldwide, have different management and administrative systems. China employs the Nationwide System, in which the government has power to allocate resources from all dimensions to promote athletic sports. The government-based Chinese Nationwide System is led by government and mainly focuses on micro-management. In comparison, the social-led association system used in US is based on the macroeconomic regulation with indirect involvement of government. A comparative analysis of the Chinese Nationwide System and the American Association System would contribute to exploring their successful experience in competitive sports. This study deeply compared and analyzed the Chinese Nationwide System and the American Association System. We revealed the advantages and disadvantages of these two systems respectively, providing valuable information for the development of competitive sports. The present research employed the methods of literature review and comparative analysis to compare the differences of Chinese Nationwide System and the American Association System. Books and papers were searched through the library and CNKI. Literature studies concerning the Chinese Nationwide System, American Association System and the comparison of the two systems were sorted out and analyzed. Two systems were comparative analyzed concerning in formation background, institutional setup and operational mechanism. The results showed that these two systems varied in management subjects, policy formulation, training system, competitive system, selection system, funding sources, and incentive guarantee mechanisms. The establishment and implementation of the both management systems are in coincidence with the local conditions and promote the development of their national competitive sport.
Alterações físicas autopercebidas nos trabalhadores migrantes informais venezuelanos em Boa Vista-RR
Authors: Barreto Tárcia Almeida , Silva Leidiane Natilli Bento , Silva Paulo Sérgio
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: Analisar a situação laboral no plano da informalidade vivenciada por migrantes venezuelanos e descrever as mudanças físicas globais ocasionadas pelo processo de trabalho informal autopercebidas em migrantes venezuelanos. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e não randomizado, com base em dados primários, coletados por meio de entrevista com entrevistador bilíngue. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 76 migrantes, e os resultados indicaram uma precária situação laboral, onde 58% trabalham de segunda-feira a domingo, deixando evidente a não existência de dias de folga. Quanto ao turno, 49% relataram trabalhar dois turnos diários, enquanto 34% trabalham em turno integral com média de 8,36h de trabalho diário. Observou-se o predomínio das funções laborais no cargo de vendedor ambulante. E entre as alterações físicas autopercebidas 33% relataram apresentar eritema ocular, 4% estão com a audição diminuída, 33% dos participantes alegaram ter sofrido queimadura solar, e 43% mencionaram sentir dores em mais de uma das regiões corporais. Conclusão: Essa pesquisa aponta para a precária condição social, econômica e laboral da população venezuelana na cidade de Boa Vista-RR, com riscos ao agravamento da condição de saúde autodeclarada.
Percepções de cuidadores sobre a vinculação de crianças com microcefalia na Atenção Básica de Saúde
Authors: Morais Luana Jordana , Oliveira Janaíne Maria , Goes Silva Costa Hosana Mirelle , Rosado Morais Fátima Raquel
Published: September 2022

A microcefalia é compreendida como uma alteração morfológica e funcional do sistema nervoso, em que o perímetro cefálico, verificado após o nascimento da criança, encontra-se inferior ao preconizado para a idade gestacional e o sexo. Esse parâmetro é essencial para o diagnóstico da malformação congênita1. Após constatada a microcefalia, faz-se necessário o acompanhamento do crescimento e desenvolvimento da criança nos primeiros anos de vida. O objetivo visa compreender as percepções de cuidadores acerca da vinculação de crianças com Síndrome Congênita do vírus Zika na Atenção Básica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa. Foram entrevistados nove cuidadores de crianças com Síndrome Congênita do vírus Zika, vinculadas ao Núcleo de Atenção Materno Infantil, que oferta atendimento a 14 crianças com microcefalia em Mossoró/RN. Todas as etapas para a realização desta pesquisa foram conduzidas de acordo com os preceitos éticos recomendados pela Resolução 466/12 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Como ferramenta para análise dos dados coletados, foi usada a análise do conteúdo. Os resultados mostraram que há pouca vinculação com a UBS por parte de algumas crianças, segundo o relato de certas cuidadoras e que os desafios no serviço público persistem, fazendo com que essas optem pelo plano de saúde. Fazem referência também à dificuldade financeira encontrada no dia a dia para custear inúmeras consultas com especialistas. Dessa forma, vale salientar a importância de sensibilizar profissionais e gestores acerca das dificuldades encontradas, a fim de haver melhorias na vinculação dessas crianças com a Unidade Básica de Saúde.
Atuação dos acadêmicos dos cursos da saúde frente ao processo de morte e morrer nos cenários de prática assistencial
Authors: Cattâneo Lara Pandini , Vitali Marieli Mezari , Ferraz Fabiane , Soratto Jacks
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender como atuam estudantes universitários da saúde no processo de morte e morrer. Métodos: trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória. Estudo desenvolvido com 68 acadêmicos dos cursos de saúde, em uma universidade no sul do Estado de Santa Catarina. Na coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário via formulário eletrônico, e a análise dos dados foi realizada a partir dos preceitos da análise de conteúdo temática e com auxílio do software Atlas.ti. Resultados: indicaram a existência de duas macro categorias: Atitudes de universitários da saúde frente à morte, convergindo para a atuação com responsabilidade e ética profissional, também com manifestações de tristeza, luto e não aceitação diante da perda; e Dificuldades e potencialidades de universitários da saúde para lidar com a morte, sustentada pelo abalo emocional e despreparo para notícia, ausência de facilidades e algumas habilidades teórico-práticas para atuar no processo de morte e morrer. Conclusão: os estudantes universitários de cursos da saúde possuem dificuldade para agirem no processo de morte e morrer dos sujeitos aos quais prestavam assistência.
O “racismo à brasileira” no futebol: contextos, desafios e alternativas para mitigar esse preconceito
Authors: De Oliveira Edilson Medeiros , Balzano Otávio Nogueira , Munsberg João Alberto Steffen , Da Silva Gilberto Ferreira
Published: September 2022

Este artigo trata do racismo estrutural – o “racismo à brasileira” – no futebol, partindo do seguinte problema: quais as razões e como essa questão se desenvolve no futebol? Com este trabalho, objetivamos: a) analisar os efeitos – na visão de profissionais de Educação Física (EF) – de práticas e posturas que contribuem para o “racismo à brasileira” – racismo estrutural – no futebol; e b) propor alternativas e apresentar indicadores para uma proposta de ensino do futebol que contribuam para mitigar o “racismo à brasileira” no clube de futebol e no ensino do futebol em EF nas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES). Quanto à metodologia, participaram da pesquisa dezessete profissionais de EF, utilizamos como instrumentos, a entrevista semiestruturada, o diário de campo, a análise documental, e a observação participante. Para análise dos dados e discussão dos resultados, utilizamos a análise crítica de discurso (ACD) de Van Dijk como uma metodologia na perspectiva decolonial. Constatamos que o racismo estrutural é uma herança colonial e está naturalizado na sociedade brasileira. Para a diminuição desse preconceito, concluímos que as instituições educacionais e os clubes de futebol podem, de forma colaborativa: a) divulgar e condenar publicamente os casos de discriminação; b) desenvolver ações informativas e educacionais que visem erradicar essas ações que tanto mancham nossa sociedade; c) enfatizar a formação humana, incluindo temáticas como formação de jogadores, preconceitos e dificuldades no futebol; e d) promover formação de sujeitos capazes de compreender, intervir e transformar a realidade.
High NF-κB and RAGE Expression in Fetal Membrane of Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM) Subject
Authors: Sudiarta I Ketut Edy , Aldinasyah Monicha Zalzabilla , Candra Cindy Jennilyn , Supriyono Supriyono , Rasyida Annisa Ullya
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM) is significantly linked to the infections-related maternal deaths. In the inflammatory process, the influencing stressor will stimulate the activation of Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) and Receptor of Advanced Gyclation End product (RAGE). Yet up to date, the expression of NF-κB and RAGE in pregnant women with PROM are still rarely studied. Therefore, this study aimed to observe the differences of NF-κB and RAGE expression from PROM and non-PROM subjects.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 20 PROM subjects and 20 non-PROM subjects with infections and complications. Samples from the fetal membrane tissue of subjects were obtained and put into paraffin block preparation for the determination of NF-κB and RAGE expression. The detection of NF-κB and RAGE expression was conducted using immunohistochemical staining and observed under an upright light microscope. The expressions were later calculated using ImageJ software. RESULTS: Both NF-κB and RAGE expression were found to be higher in PROM subjects compare to the non-PROM subjects. The median of NF-κB in PROM and non-PROM subjects were 32.47±1.22 and 5.59±1.09, respectively (p=0.000). While the median of RAGE in PROM subjects was 53.58±3.46, and in non-PROM subjects was 11.64±2.49 (p=0.013).CONCLUSION: There is significant difference between NF-κB and RAGE expression in fetal membranes of PROM and non-PROM subjects. Therefore, the increased of NF-κB and RAGE expression can be used as a potential marker to detect complication of PROM.KEYWORDS: premature ruptures of membrane, non-premature ruptures of membrane, expression of NF-κB