bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Properties of donuts enhanced by gum and apple pomace powder for
development of low-fat fried food
Authors: Joelyna F.A. , Filardli A.M.I. , Prayoga A. , Syafira F. , Abdurahman A.U. , Purwati D. , Hadiyanto H.
Published: March 2024

The development of low-fat donuts with the addition of gum (guar gum and arabic gum)
and apple pomace powder was carried out in this study. The purpose of this study was to
improve the nutritional content of the donuts, especially in reducing the fat content of the
donuts by using gum and adding apple pomace powder. The variables in this study were
the composition of gum as an ingredient for donuts and the addition of apple pomace
powder. Analysis of the dough and donuts characteristics, as well as the donuts
appearance and nutritional content, was carried out. Analysis of the donuts texture profile,
such as the hardness, and springiness, increased when the composition of apple pomace
powder was increased. The proximate composition of donuts (% water, ash, fat, protein
and carbohydrates) was analyzed, and there was reduction of fat in the donuts. This study
established that adding gum (guar gum and arabic gum) and apple pomace powder can
improve the properties of the donuts. Overall, there are significant differences in consumer
acceptance, especially in texture and crumb color.
Hydrogel derived from hybrid water hyacinth carboxymethyl cellulose and
banana peels pectin hydrogel via citric acid crosslinking
Authors: Febriyanti R. , Sarawati N.K.D.A. , Simatupang P.F.A. , Rahma A. , Nata I.F. , Elma M.
Published: March 2024

Water hyacinth (WH) is a major pest in aquifer and likewise of banana peel waste that
pollutes the environment. WH and banana peels have potential to produce carboxymethyl
cellulose (CMC) as well as pectin. Both CMC and pectin are applicable for fabrication of
hydrogels that focus on the natural ingredients for their use as food packaging materials.
The application of CMC and pectin as a hydrogel material are splendid for increasing its
mechanical, biodegradable and environment-friendly properties. This study determined
the effect of citric acid as a cross-linking agent on the swelling properties of CMC-pectin
based hydrogels and investigated their functional groups. Preparation of hybrid CMCpectin hydrogels was started by extracting WH cellulose. Through bleaching and
dehemicellulose process. Cellulose was modified into CMC in two steps, alkalization and
carboxymethylation. At the alkalization stage, the cellulose was mixed with NaOH 10%
solution. For carboxymethylation, natrium chloroacetate (Na-CA) was added and stirred at
55°C for 3.5 hrs. Fabrication of hydrogel was mixed with 5% ratio 70:30 (w/w.%) of
CMC:pectin. Citric acid (CA) was added as the cross-linking agent with concentrations of
5%, 10%, and 15% on heat treatment. The result of hybrid bio-hydrogels (HBH) was a
sheet form film of semi-transparent, and brownish in color. HBH CMC/pectin with the
addition of a cross-linking agent in the form of citric acid (5%) gave the highest swelling
ability (6.64 wt., within 1 hr). Also, the presence of carboxyl bonds with hydroxyl groups
was observed via Fourier transformed infrared spectrometry (FTIR) analysis.
Effect of single step oxidation-esterification process on the physicochemical
properties of modified cassava starch
Authors: Sumardiono S. , Nuswantari S.R. , Jos B. , Cahyono H.
Published: March 2024

The oxidation and esterification are examples of starch modification processes which is
often carried out. The conventional combination of the oxidation-esterification process has
many defects due to its wasting of time, energy-consuming and quality-damping. This
research focuses on combining chemical modification processes to produce modified
cassava starch by developing a single-step process of oxidation-esterification and a drying
process using a rotary UV dryer. The oxidized-esterified cassava starch is characterized by
Fourier-transformed insfrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron
microscope (SEM) and physicochemical properties. The results revealed that the oxidizedesterified cassava starch (COAEC 14) meets the SNI requirements for several parameters
such as water content of 13.10±0.141%, ash content of 0.0042±0.0002%, and crude fiber
content of 0.6677±0.0424%. In addition, the single-step oxidation-esterification process
also improved the quality of swelling power and starch amylose content. Meanwhile, in
SEM analysis, the single-step oxidation-esterification process did not change the surface
morphology but changed the crystal system and size of starch using XRD analysis.
The optimization of paddy drying in the rotary dryer: energy efficiency and
product quality aspects analysis
Authors: A'yuni D.Q. , Subagio A. , Prasetyaningrum A. , Sasongko S.B. , Djaeni M.
Published: March 2024

Currently, paddy drying has been widely developed and applied. This research goal was to
find the optimal condition of paddy dried in a rotary dryer. The process was conducted at
various paddy capacities (10–40 kg) and temperatures (40–60°C). For main indicators, the
drying time, physical quality of the product and energy efficiency were evaluated. In
doing so, the optimization process with the response surface method (RSM) was
conducted. Results showed that under higher temperatures, the moisture level in the paddy
reduced quickly, resulting in a shorter drying time and higher efficiency. However, faster
moisture reduction can break the texture of paddy, which increases the percentage of
broken rice. Meanwhile, with the increasing paddy capacity, heat transfer becomes more
effective, as seen in the increase in energy efficiency. Nevertheless, the excessive capacity
requires a longer drying time. After optimizing by response surface method (RSM), the
most favorable condition can be reached at paddy capacity of 45.8 kg with drying
temperature of 56.4°C. For this condition, energy efficiency achieved 15.6% with
percentage of broken rice 8.18%.
Modified ganyong (Canna edulis Kerr.) starch prospective as wheat flour
alternative
Authors: Hidayat J.P. , Munfarida S. , Hariyadi A.
Published: March 2024

Ganyong tuber (Canna edulis Kerr.) had high carbohydrate content and has potential to be
used as starch. However, the starch obtained was low quality, characterized by brownish
color and limited functional properties. The main aim of this work was to obtained the
optimum process to transform canna starch into commercial wheat flour SNI 3751:2009
by oxidizing with food grade hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The raw material used was white
canna tuber from Samarinda, East Kalimatan which have high carbohydrate content.
Initially, the starch was oxidized by 35% H2O2 food grade to form 1%, 2%, 3%
concentration, slurry ratio of 10%, 20%, 30% and time of oxidation was 30, 60, 90 and
120 mins. The ganyong tuber starch was then subjected to modification process by
optimizing the slurry ratio and H2O2 oxidation time. The assessment was based on basic
functional properties, swelling power and water solubility. The process was conducted
using a mini-propeller chamber, and data were collected in triplicates for accuracy. The
optimum result was achieved with a 60-min oxidation time, 10% slurry concentration and
2% H2O2 concentration. The swelling power value reached 2.9 g/g, and water solubility
was measured at 6.09 g/g. Upon proximate analysis, the canna starch contained 85.956%
carbohydrates, 2.365% protein, 11.425% water and 0.254% ash content. The color
analysis indicated a white degree with brightness of 91.95. Despite the improvements
achieved through the process, the functional and other properties of ganyong starch were
still considerably below of wheat flour standard.
Performance evaluation of a rotary dryer for onion bulb drying
Authors: Nissa M.C. , Djaeni M. , Nabilla P.R. , Sasongko S.B. , Hii C.L.
Published: March 2024

Drying is conducive in extending the storage life of fresh harvested onion. Currently,
direct sun drying is not suitable in terms of fluctuating weather conditions. Rotary dryer
assisted by combustion heating is a viable option to speed up onion drying process. In this
case, 10 kg of fresh onion was placed in a rotary dryer operating for 2 hrs at 40°C and
14.6 m/s of air velocity. Moisture content was observed at every 30 mins and drying rate
was predicted using several mathematical models. The drying temperatures were 50, 60,
70°C and the drying procedures were repeated. Results showed that the rotary dryer
method can improve drying performance compared to the chamber and tray dryer methods
and the drying rate of onion bulb drying can be well represented by the Page’s model with
R
2
value near to 1, and the lowest average chi-square (X2
) of 0.00027.
Ultrasound assisted extraction of sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) using
different solvents
Authors: Kurniasari L. , Kumoro A.C. , Djaeni M.
Published: March 2024

Caesalpinia sappan L. or known as sappan wood is a plant that had been used in
traditional food, beverages and traditional medicine. It contains many active
phytochemicals compound such as brazilin, sappanchalcone, xanthone, coumarin and
flavones. Extraction is the common method to get the active compounds in plants and the
use of new method of extraction is very recommended. The research was aimed to analyze
the effect of different solvent (ethanol, water and 2-propanol) to the characteristic of
sappan wood extract obtained from ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) process.
Approximately 10 g of sappan wood was mixed with 100 ml solvent and extracted using
probe type of ultrasound extractor for 15 mins and 500C. Extracts were analyzed for their
yield, color, phytochemical compound, total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant
activity. Ethanol gives the highest yield (6.125%) with the color tends to be between ruby
red and traffic red. This result is in accordance with the calculation of Hansen solubility
parameter (HSP). All of the three extracts contained saponin, tannin, flavonoid and
triterpenoid. Ethanol also gives the highest TPC (254.14 mg GAE/100 g) and lowest IC50
(3.19). It can be concluded that ethanol is better solvent to extract phytochemical
component in sappan wood.
Hydrolyzed glucomannan as an encapsulant for various iron concentrations
using spray drying method
Authors: Wardhani D.H. , Abdullah A. , Maldini A. , Dyastama H.K. , Ulya H.N. , Devara H.R.
Published: March 2024

Among the encapsulation methods, spray-drying is one of the simplest methods to protect
iron from oxidation. Hydrolyzed glucomannan (HGM) has shown to have a potential as
iron encapsulant in spray drying process due to its ability to form a barrier between the
mineral and its surroundings. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of iron concentration
(i.e., 20-50 ppm) on the spray dried powder properties using HGM as an encapsulant. The
spray drying was conducted using Mini Spray Dryer B-290 Buchi. Feed temperature and
aspirator were set at 100oC and 90% aspirator, with 1 mL.min-1 of flow rate. Increasing
iron did not affect on encapsulation efficiency (98.66-99.4%) but allowed to push loading
capacity from 30 to 61.5%. Lower iron concentration tended to result in more uniform
particle size of the powders. Iron concentration insignificantly modified crystallinity and
functional groups of the powder. Meanwhile, difference in thermal profile of spray-dry
powders was observed due to iron concentration.
Effect of concentration of kappa-carrageenan on the physico-chemical properties
of rice starch film
Authors: Prasetyaningrum A. , Jos B. , Ariyanti D. , Handayani N. , Rohmah  , Syawaldi F. , Fauzi H.H. , Hakiim A.A. , Ashianti A.D.
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to enhance the properties of rice starch (RS) and kappa-carrageenan
(KC) edible film. The properties were observed at various RS/KC ratios (0.5 to 2.5 w/v)
and glycerol (1% w/v). The highest tensile strength was at the ratio of RC/KC (1:1) of
1.7502 MPa, further addition of RC resulted in a decrease in tensile strength. The best
elongation at break was also found in the variable with a RS/KC (1:1) of 39.7%. The
highest solubility in RS/KC ratio was 0.5:1 which is 52.727%. The solubility of edible
film in water decreased with the addition of rice starch concentration. The fourier
transform infrared (FTIR) show the new peak in 3305 cm-1 indicate O-H groups, 2935 cm1 (asymmetric stretching vibration peak of C-H), 1023 cm-1 (interaction between the film
structure and hydroxyl group of plasticizers) and 850 cm-1 (ester sulphate group).
Ultrasound-assisted encapsulation of citronella oil (Cymbopogon nardus) in
alginate/carrageenan beads using ionic gelation method
Authors: Prasetyaningrum A. , Ratnawati R. , Hargono H. , Haryani K. , Wicaksono B.S. , Hakiim A. , Annafi R.D. , Ashiant A.D.
Published: March 2024

The objective of this research was to determine the effect of ultrasound-assisted
encapsulation of citronella oil using alginate/carrageenan (Alg/Carr) with the presence of
SDS surfactant. The functional groups of beads particles were analyzed by fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and morphological was characterized by scanning
electron microscope (SEM) analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)
results showed a sharper peak at 2922 cm-1 as the C=C vibration of the methyl group of
aromatic compounds in citronella oil, indicating an increase in encapsulation efficiency
with ultrasound treatment. The ultrasonication process also causes the C-H bond (1426 cm
-1
) to break, resulting in polymer degradation. The SEM results show that ultrasonication
causes the presence of cavities or pores in the cracked wall. In this study, the use of
ultrasound during the encapsulation of citronella oil in Alg/Carr enhances the
encapsulation efficiency to 95-97%.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF SIGNS OF INFLAMMATION OF NASAL AND PARANASAL SINUSES IN ALLERGIC RHINITIS
Authors: Ulmasov Alijon Obidovich
Published: March 2024

In this article, the nose and nasal passages in allergic rhinitis about the immunohistochemical evaluation of inflammatory markers of cavities information is provided. Although allergic rhinitis is rarely diagnosed, the incidence rate is stable with the beginning of kindergarten and education begins to rise steadily.
Automatic Control of a Wheeled Robot
Authors: RATSIMBALISON Ralaitsitohaina Tafitasoa Carlos  , RATSIMBA Mamy Nirina  , RAMAFIARISONA Hajasoa Malalatiana
Published: March 2024

This work aims to automatically control a wheeled robot from a specific location A to another B. We assume the robot’s trajectory is straight (the line (AB)). To solve this problem, we need the coordinates of point A and point B, i.e., the position sensor's state. A microcontroller must then process this information. Next, the variation in coordinates mean displacement, and this variation depends on speed, so we also interest in speed here. Finally, for the robot to arrive at point B, its direction of movement must be the same as the direction of (AB). The direction depends on the orientation angle of the moving robot.
ESSENCE SYNC: PIONEERING PERSONALIZED WELLNESS TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Mr. Kiran H. Wagh  , Mr. Samarth Mandrupkar  , Mr. Nimish Vaddepalli  , Mr. Pranav Pogul  , Mr. Shubham Vidap
Published: March 2024

ESSENCESYNC is a revolutionary personalized wellness technology that uses sensors, real-time data analysis, and communication systems to revolutionize healthcare. The platform uses sensors like temperature, accelerometer, pulse, and ECG to track vital signs and health parameters. It provides actionable insights to users, allowing them to track progress over time. The platform also ensures timely communication of critical health information through SMS alerts. Its seamless integration with healthcare providers allows for remote monitoring and collaboration, facilitating early detection of health issues and personalized treatment strategies. The technology also ensures compliance with regulatory standards like HIPAA. ESSENCESYNC's potential benefits extend beyond individual wellness, including enhanced doctor-patient communication, improved patient engagement, and early detection of health risks. Its continuous innovation and exploration of AI and machine learning algorithms further enhance its predictive capabilities.
DEVELOPMENT AND INSTALLATION OF SOLAR WATER HEATING SYSTEM FOR FEDPODAM HOSTEL
Authors: Musa A. J.  , Usman M. K.  , Shuaibu A. Y.  , Zanna M. W
Published: March 2024

This paper presents the result of the Development, Installation and Performance evaluation of a 500 liter capacity hot water storage tank with an additional 500 liter capacity cold water storage tank that was, developed, installed and tested at Maryam Abatcha female hostel in the Federal Polytechnic Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria which is located at latitude 12.290N and Longitude 11.440E using available materials and thermo syphon principle at an average solar radiation of 630W/m2 to investigate the potential of using solar either directly and indirectly for heating water and to compare its cost with electricity. This design utilized a flat plate collector which was chosen because of the simplicity in construction and ease of maintenance. Two collectors of 1m2 each with single glazing were used as a heat exchanger. The surfaces of the collectors were painted with black paint of absorptivity 0.95 and emissivity of 0.09 to improve its absorption capacity. Readings were taken for a period of nine months starting from March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October and November with minimum ambient temperature of 320C. Maximum hot water temperature inside the tank as 82.30C with an average efficiency of 28.06% in June, with clear sunny atmosphere days and November with lower outlet likely due to cold dusty of the period. Test conducted reveal that the system could satisfy the hot /warm water requirements of the hostel. It was also observed that the water temperature is a function of solar radiation while the cloud cover and dust particles were observed to also affect the performance of solar water heating system thereby reducing its efficiency.
"AGRIVIGIL: ENHANCED THEFT DETERRENCE FOR IRRIGATION MACHINERY"
Authors: Prof. Shaikh A. H. A.R.  , Mr. Harsh Gajul  , Mr. Avinash Inde  , Miss. Nida Dharwadkar  , Mr. Omdeep Pujari
Published: March 2024

The rampant theft of water pumps in rural India poses a severe challenge to farmers, significantly undermining their irrigation capabilities and, by extension, crop health and productivity—particularly in regions susceptible to unpredictable rainfall and drought. This theft not only inflicts immediate equipment loss but also propels farmers, who typically operate within narrow financial margins, into further economic hardship due to the inability to afford replacements. The consequent delays in planting and irrigation lead to reduced crop yields and heightened financial strain. The vulnerability of these essential tools is amplified by the remote locations of farms and a pronounced lack of security measures, rendering water pumps an easy target for thieves. This dire situation underscores the urgent need for a comprehensive water pump theft deterrence system, which is essential not only for protecting valuable agricultural equipment but also for safeguarding the livelihoods of farmers. By leveraging advanced technology to provide real-time alerts and deter potential thefts, such a system can serve as a critical defence mechanism, enabling farmers to concentrate on their vital work without the looming threat of loss. The implementation of effective theft deterrence measures, supported by community, law enforcement, and policy maker collaboration, is crucial in ensuring the economic well-being and sustainability of rural Indian agriculture.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A MASSIVE MIMO M-MMSE SYSTEM IN TERMS OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY BASED ON THE POWER CIRCUIT CONSUMPTION MODEL (PC)
Authors: Antsa Salomà El Salam Andriamihaja
Published: March 2024

The implementation of massive MIMO technology presents a significant boost in throughput mobile networks. However, this technological advancement comes increases energy consumption. The amalgamation of Massive MIMO with M-MMSE serves as a strategic solution, effectively mitigating energy consumption while delivering substantial throughput and improved Energy Efficiency (EE) compared to alternative techniques. Our study delves into the Energy Efficiency of massive MIMO using the Power Circuit Consumption (PC) model, providing valuable insights into its performance. This analytical approach not only enables a reduction in energy usage but also facilitates a noteworthy enhancement in Spectral efficiency (SE) and EE concurrently. This concurrent improvement addresses the challenge posed by the initial surge in energy consumption associated with massive MIMO deployment, ensuring a sustainable and efficient integration into mobile networks.
STAGES AND PSYCHOLOGY OF PRESCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN
Authors: Ergasheva Sarvinoz Ulug’bek qizi
Published: March 2024

This article will focus on changes in early childhood, the influence of the social environment on the child, and the natural states observed at this time. The growth of thinking, emotions, and will in preschool children is highlighted.
IOT ENABLED SMART ADVERTISEMENTS RECOMMENDER FOR SHOPPING MARTS
Authors: Muhammad Tauseef  , Shahrukh Saleem Qureshi
Published: March 2024

Product advertisement is very crucial in a successful business for several reasons, Advertisement helps increase the visibility of a product. With so many products available in the market, effective advertisement ensures that your product stands out and reaches a wider audience. Advertising a product is also a way to build and reinforce brand awareness. Consistent advertisement helps in creating a strong brand image in the minds of consumers, also the consumers will remember and choose their products when making a purchase. Continuous and strategic product advertisement is essential for the long-term success of a business. It helps in maintaining visibility, adapting to market changes, and staying relevant in the eyes of consumers. Product advertisement can indeed present various challenges, and addressing these challenges effectively is crucial for a successful marketing campaign that is 1) Small company budgets can restrict the range and effectiveness of products advertisement activities 2) Evolving consumer preferences and behaviours can make it difficult to predict how to effectively reach your audience 3) If your brand is not well-known, getting attention for your product can be a hurdle 4) Not fully understanding your target audience can lead to ineffective advertisement strategies. However, the Internet of Things (IoT) plays a significant role in product advertisement and overcome the above listed issues by providing innovative ways to enhance customer engagement, streamline marketing efforts, and gather valuable data for targeted campaigns. This Research investigate the real-time product advertisements using IoT devices and allowing different companies businesses to monitor the advertisement campaigns instantly and remotely for targeted products over different marts and different city locations. We achieved successful results on each remote location as well as targeted mart using ESP-8266 WiFi deployed on each product shelf. In this architecture the overall communication held over the http protocol using RestFul API and Arduino.
RESEARCH ON THE SIGNIFICANCE OF READING COMPREHENSION TASKS IN MASTERING RUSSIAN LANGUAGE LESSONS IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Umirova Komila
Published: March 2024

Reading comprehension in an article is the ability to understand the meaning of the text being read, the ability to interpret it and form an attitude to what has been read. That this is the most important skill that students are taught in elementary school, literal understanding. The first level of comprehension is the repetition or re-creation of the text, highlighting basic information, identifying the main characters, etc. It is said to have the ability to identify the month, place, time, chronology, plot, movement.
Study on the Efficacy of Shugan Jieyu Capsules Combined with Trazodone in Patients with PostStroke Depression and Insomnia
Authors: Mao Tie , Yang Yong , Chen Xi , Liu Ping , Zhang Peng , Wu Chunju , Hou Xiaojun , Rong Cuicui , Xue Jujun
Published: March 2024

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of applying ShuGan JieYu Capsules (SGJYC) combined with trazodone in patients with post-stroke depression (PSD) with insomnia. Methods: 60 cases of PSD with insomnia patients admitted to the hospital from May 2022 to May 2023 were selected and randomly divided into a reference group (trazodone) and a research group (SGJYC combined with trazodone) of 30 cases each. Statistics were analyzed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale before treatment and 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment. Results: Before treatment, The results of HAM-D, PSQI, and ADL scale studies in the two groups before treatment were not statistically significant (P > 0.05); 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment, the results of HAM-D and PSQI studies in the research group were lower than that of the reference group, and the results of ADL scale studies were higher than that of the reference group. There was a significant difference between the groups (P < 0.05). The total adverse reaction rate of the research group was lower than that of the reference group, and there was a significant difference between the groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of SGJYC and trazodone reduced depression in post-stroke patients, corrected insomnia, improved sleep quality, was safe, and had a low rate of adverse reactions.
Berpikir Kritis Dan Kolaboratif Siswa SMK Ketintang Surabaya Pada Bidang Sensor dan Aktuator
Authors: Baskoro Farid , Asto I Gusti Putu , Kartini Unit Three , Ibrohim Ibrohim
Published: March 2024

This research is a Program community service (PKM) activity aimed at presenting an analysis of critical thinking and collaborative abilities among students of SMK Ketintang in the field of sensors and actuators. This PKM involves a trial of critical thinking skills through a series of multiple-choice questions related to sensors and actuators. Additionally, an evaluation of collaborative abilities is conducted using a questionnaire, where participants provide feedback on teamwork, contributions, and interactions within their respective groups. The results of this PKM show that the majority of students demonstrated good performance in interpretation, analysis, and evaluation, with positive percentages ranging from 57% to 66%. This indicates a strong ability to comprehend and analyze information related to sensors and actuators. Meanwhile, the evaluation of collaborative abilities showed positive responses from the participants, with high scores in teamwork, contributions, and interactions. These results indicate the existence of effective teamwork that can help students solve a problem.

Keywords: Critical, Collaborative, Education
Noções de Accountability na reestruturação da administração pública brasileira (1822 - 1831)
Authors: Rodrigues Silva Adriana , Dos Santos Santana Àleff , Vasconcelos Angélica
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as noções de accountability, incluindo mecanismos de responsabilização e prestação de contas, no caso da reestruturação da administração pública brasileira entre 1822 e 1831. Para o efeito, foi empreendida uma análise empírica que teve como base os relatórios do Ministério da Justiça, Ministério da Fazenda e Anais do Congresso Brasileiro. Os documentos de arquivo foram localizados no Center For Research Libraries e na Biblioteca Nacional do Brasil. Os resultados mostram indícios de duas modalidades de accountability no primeiro reinado, hierárquica e horizontal, assim como improbidade e imoralidade administrativa dos agentes públicos. Indicam também que a intervenção contábil atingiu a accountability, uma vez que informações da contabilidade eram necessárias para a prestação de contas. Por fim, o estudo indica que o conceito de accountability não deve ser considerado como um conjunto de processos peculiarmente moderno no contexto brasileiro.
Urgent Problems of the Implementation of State Economic Policy at the Present Stage: Anti-Crisis Aspect
Authors:   Financial University,  Moscow, Russia, Ryakhovskaya A.N.
Published: March 2024

The subject of the study is the priorities of state policy in the field of economic development at the federal and regional levels. The purpose of the work is to establish anti–crisis aspects of the transformation of Russia's economic policy in the context of the new reality of a changing geopolitical format based on the use of such general scientific methods as observation, collection and processing of statistical data, comparison, study of information sources, critical review of scientific publications, etc. The article examines the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators for 2022 and the first quarter of 2023. The main problems and crisis-forming factors of the functioning of the Russian economy are identified. The prerequisites for the transformation of economic state policy are determined. Special attention is paid to evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of anti-crisis measures taken by the Government of the Russian Federation. The vectors and drivers of further economic development are highlighted and promising directions of the state's anti-crisis policy are substantiated. The article concludes that it is necessary to move from the period of formation and implementation of an adaptation policy within the framework of modern realities of functioning in new geopolitical conditions to economic growth based on the implementation of a set of anti-crisis measures to form an updated economic potential of the country with self-sufficiency and full scientific, technological, personnel, production, financial sovereignty for a radical change and elaboration of the vector of further development of the domestic market on the basis of a clear strategic program of a set of anti-crisis measures and a radical change in budgetary and social policy.
Russia and the BRICS in the New Geopolitical Realities
Authors:   Financial University,  Moscow, Russia, Sergeeva N.V.
Published: March 2024

Current trends in the fragmentation of the global economy and new geopolitical challenges have led to an unprecedented expansion of the BRICS interstate association. The subjects of the research are the role and place of the BRICS countries in the modern world economy. The purpose of the work is to determine the prospects for cooperation between the BRICS countries in the context of expanding its membership and increasing the importance of the renewed association in the global economy. The article examines the geopolitical and financial reasons underlying the expansion of the interstate association, summarizes the opinions of experts on the impact of BRICS membership on the economies of sovereign countries and the potential impact of its expanded membership on the global economy as a whole. The bilateral trade and economic cooperation of the BRICS countries, the ambiguous impact of its expansion on the functioning of the association, and its strengths and weaknesses are analyzed. The role of Russia in the BRICS is considered. Conclusions are drawn about the prospects of an expanded BRICS membership in the global economy, and the directions of cooperation between Russia and foreign partners in BRICS are determined.
Lines of changes in international technological exchange in the current environment
Authors:   MGIMO University, Moscow, Russia, Revenko L.S.
Published: March 2024

The subject of the study is the transformation of the lines of international technological exchange in the context of multiple restrictions from the countries with high technological potential. The purpose of the work is to identify possible ways for further technological cooperation of Russia with countries that are subject to sanctions restrictions in this area. The article rationale is determined by the need for Russia to find new niches and areas of technological exchange with foreign countries. The research methodology includes the use of general scientific methods, namely statistical one, evaluation of empirical data, specification and abstraction, expert assessments, classification, structuring and systematization of objects. The research methodology includes the use of general scientific methods, namely statistical, evaluation of empirical data, concretization and abstraction, expert assessments, classification, structuring and objects arrangement. The article concludes that ensuring the innovative component of the economic growth of the countries around the world through a combination of their own resources and commercial and non-commercial technology exchange is a long-term trend. In the context of growing geopolitical tensions, developed countries have become increasingly active in imposing restrictions on the transfer of technology and high-tech goods. The establishment of new spatial and geographical areas of international technological cooperation has become an inevitable consequence of this situation. An important response for the countries targeted by the sanctions restrictions is the shaping of new vectors of cooperation, including targeting exports and imports of technologies to/from friendly countries, developing non-commercial forms of technological exchange, including scientific contacts, training specialists, and holding business forums. An important response for countries targeted by sanctions restrictions is the formation of new vectors of cooperation, including targeting the export and import of technology to friendly countries, developing non-commercial forms of technological exchange, including scientific contacts, training specialists, and holding business forums. Ensuring the technological sovereignty of Russia and other sanctioned countries is possible by improving the scientific infrastructure and encouraging domestic and foreign investments.
Fundamentals of Coordination of Monetary and Fiscal Policies to Ensure the Growth of the Russian Economy
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Parasotskaya N.N.
Published: March 2024

The subject of the study is monetary and fiscal policy, which are one of the basic tools for regulating economic processes in the Russian economic system, the coordination of which is an essential factor in the success of ensuring the overall effects of economic policy. The purpose of the work is to establish effective measures to respond to emerging shocks in the context of current sanctions pressure from Western countries without mutually neutralizing one type of government policy with the tools of another policy. This article examines the main instruments of the state's economic policy from the perspective of their mutual influence and interaction in order to achieve positive results for the economic system. The essence of the tax mechanism has been established. In terms of budget policy, the mechanism of subsidizing enterprises is justified. The concept of a budget rule is defined. The goals and objectives of monetary policy are highlighted. It is concluded that since simultaneous indirect influence on macroeconomic processes is carried out through the instruments of the monetary policy of the central bank and the instruments of the fiscal policy of the Government, there is a problem of mutual influence of the adopted fiscal and monetary measures in terms of neutralizing or reinforcing each other effects that can have a negative impact on the achievement of The ultimate goal of both directions of economic policy is to ensure conditions for sustainable economic growth.
The Problems of Implementing Digital Money into the Modern Monetary and Banking System
Authors:   Financial University,  Moscow, Russia, Kropin Yu.A.
Published: March 2024

The relevance of the article is due to the need for an adequate response of the banking system to the appearance of a new form of money in calculations – digital. Its appearance necessitates the solution of a number of issues, in particular, how the source of the increase in these funds will be reflected in the accounts of the central bank, what will be the ways of introducing these funds into market circulation, how the ratio between the specific gravity of the three forms of funds will be determined. All these issues are relevant not only for ordinary market participants, but also for the central bank. Meanwhile, in the scientific public space, issues that are rather technical and therefore of secondary importance for economic science come to the fore. The subject of the article is the process of implementing digital money into the modern monetary and banking system. The purpose of the work is to raise issues in general theoretical terms that require appropriate understanding in the context of the modern national market monetary system. As a result of the conducted research, it was concluded that the establishment of the size of the production of digital money, as well as the way of their introduction into market circulation, should be in accordance with the requirement of the law of monetary circulation, immanent in the modern monetary system.
On the Main Directions of the Unified State Monetary Policy for 2024 and the Period 2025 and 2026: Opinion of Experts of the Financial University
Authors:   Financial University, Moscow, Russia, Abramova M.A.
Published: March 2024

The subject of the study is the tasks, principles, measures and tools, mechanism and factors of the implementation of the unified state monetary policy for the period 2024-2026, taking into account the current macro- and geo-economic situation. The purpose of the work is to identify the problems of formation and implementation of monetary policy in the medium term on the basis of expertise and analysis of the Main Directions of the unified state monetary policy for 2024 and the period 2025 and 2026. In order to successfully achieve the task of transforming the Russian economy. It is established that when targeting inflation as a monetary policy regime, factors such as the introduction of unprecedented sanctions against the Russian real and financial sectors, which had a significant negative impact on logistics and calculations, as well as restrictions and suspension of work in the Russian economy of a number of international companies, causing an increase in the value of the monetary contribution, should be taken into account. the contribution of policy to the economic development of Russia related to the process of structural restructuring of the economy, the activation of internal growth factors. Special attention is paid to the problems of modern principles of monetary policy and the effects of its transmission mechanism. The conclusions are drawn that the Main Directions of the unified state monetary policy for 2024 and the period of 2025 and 2026 established by the Bank of Russia deserve a positive assessment, taking into account the comments and recommendations formulated by experts of the Financial University.
The Possibilities of Russia's Adaptation to the New Conditions of Global Development During the Global Economic Crisis
Authors:   Financial University,  Moscow, Russia, Shchurina S.V.
Published: March 2024

The subject of the study is the state of the global economy, determined by a set of negative trends caused by the coronavirus pandemic; the conduct of a special military operation in Ukraine and the related energy crisis; the military conflict in the Middle East in the Gaza Strip; rising inflation; an increase in the debt burden; the effects of climate change. The purpose of the work is to determine the possibilities of Russia to adapt to the new conditions of global development of the world economy. It is shown that the coming decade will be unique in terms of uncertainty and turbulence, or a "decade of polycrisis" due to the simultaneous intersection of different risk categories. It is proved that the stability of the Russian economy should be ensured by regionalization and reorientation to other world markets in spite of sanctions pressure; Russia's participation in the formation of a broad Eurasian partnership based on the principles of equal and mutually beneficial cooperation; the development of the Northern Sea Route, which will make it possible to ensure communication with logistics hubs in the south of Eurasia. The global risks of the world economy on the horizon of two and ten years have been identified according to their degree of importance. The food price index compiled by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations is considered. The method of reducing the investment imbalance in Russia through the wider application of the stabilization clause is substantiated. Conclusions are drawn about the need to build Russia's state policy in the field of international cooperation without value-political pressure on partner countries.
Financial Efficiency of Green Projects
Authors:   Financial University,  Moscow, Russia, Smirnov V.D.
Published: March 2024

The paradigm of sustainable development requires a large amount of equity and debt financing of relevant projects to achieve climate goals. However, the required financing is not provided in full due to increased uncertainty in the economy, as well as uncertainty among investors and creditors about the financial success of green projects. It is assumed that this situation is largely determined by the difficulty for project initiators to correctly assess all aspects of their implementation, because many of them are influenced by behavioral economics factors that usually fall out of the field of view of scientists and practitioners when performing traditional financial analysis. The subject of the study is to ensure the financial efficiency of projects aimed at reducing/eliminating the negative impact on the environment. The purpose of the work is to identify the factors influencing the financial viability of green projects. The relationship between sustainable development and the financial results of the company's activities has been revealed. The importance of the environmental factor affecting not only the cost of production, but also the preferences of customers in choosing a product is determined. The obstacles of a systemic nature preventing the involvement of banks in lending to green projects are substantiated. The financial aspects of solving the problem of ensuring the financial efficiency of green projects are investigated. It has been established that green goods open up new promising market segments for manufacturers and expand the circle of buyers, thereby reducing the cost of production of green goods and, in turn, increasing the effective demand for them. As a result of the work, it was concluded that in order to obtain an objective picture of a green project, it is necessary to take into account the cost of carbon emissions or exceeding the established quotas for them in the cost of production, as well as the fact that an increasing number of consumers are willing to buy environmentally friendly goods and pay more for them than their conventional counterparts.
Social Mechanisms of Smoothing out Subcultural Contradictions in the World of Global Transformations
Authors:   Financial University,  Moscow, Russia, Shedko Yu. N.
Published: March 2024

The relevance of the work is to identify the need to take into account and use the possibilities of subcultural differentiation in the development and implementation of strategies for sustainable development of territories and economic entities. The subject of the study is the social mechanisms of smoothing subcultural contradictions in the context of glocalization. The purpose of the work is to develop effective measures to stimulate sustainable development based on the study of the possibilities of social mechanisms for smoothing subcultural contradictions of subcultures. Based on institutional logic, the article examines the interaction of subcultures and the impact of this interaction on the implementation of a sustainable development strategy at the regional and municipal levels, as well as within the organizational culture of enterprises. It is established that underestimation of the formation and development of subcultures can lead to the marginalization of the territory, characterized by a decrease in qualification and demographic characteristics, as well as to an increase in social problems. The directions and ways of harmonization of urban space are proposed. The role of subcultures in organizational transformations related to the development of knowledge management systems is shown. It is revealed that a better understanding of the driving forces and limitations of organizational knowledge management is achieved through a more thorough study of unique socio-cultural features. It is concluded that the formation and implementation of a sustainable development policy at the macro and micro levels can be carried out more successfully if the development and implementation of projects that take into account the opinions of representatives of different subcultures are envisaged.
Application of Digital Technologies in the Field of Public Administration at the Federal Level and Directions for their Improvement
Authors:   Financial University,  Moscow, Russia, Eremin S.G.
Published: March 2024

The subject of the study is digital technologies used at the federal level in the field of public administration. The purpose of the work is to establish the importance of the use of digital technologies through the prism of the evolution of models of public (municipal) management — from "electronic democracy" to "digital government". It is postulated that the Russian Federation, like other developed countries, is currently at the stage of transition to the next stage of development of public management – the GovTech (Government Technology) model of government. However, it was determined that due to the limited use of the arsenal of digital tools and technologies within its framework, the process of such a transition may last indefinitely due to cyclization on one digital instrument of digital transformation of public administration - state digital platforms that do not involve the full range of GovTech technologies. It is established that, despite the use of artificial intelligence, blockchain, Internet of things and other "end-to-end" technologies in public management in domestic practice, they may not be enough to ensure a full-fledged transition of the Russian Federation to the GovTech-government model, and there is a need to review and improve the mechanism for evaluating the effectiveness and effectiveness of the results of experimental testing of the implementation such technologies and subsequently in the development of a new direction of public management – state management of digital technology experiments.