bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anadolu’nun sirk gölleri
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Muhammed Zeynel , ŞİMŞEK Mesut , UTLU Mustafa
Published: November 2021

Başta sirk gölleri olmak üzere, buzul gölleri Anadolu’daki yüksek dağlık alanların alpin kuşağındayer alan en önemli gölleri oluşturmaktadır. Anadolu’daki buzul jeomorfolojisi ve Kuvaterner buzullaşmakoşulları hakkında birçok çalışma yapılmış olmasına rağmen sirk gölleri yeterince incelenmemiştir.Bu eksiklikten dolayı bu çalışmada Anadolu’daki tüm sirk göllerinin dağılışı ve morfometriközellikleri CBS tabanlı olarak incelenmiştir. Uydu görüntüleri ve topografya haritaları üzerinden yapılanharitalama çalışmalarında 28 farklı kütle üzerinde toplam 660 adet sirk gölü tespit edilmiştir.Alansal dağılış özelliklerine göre sirk göllerinin çok büyük bir bölümü (%77) Doğu Karadeniz Dağlarıüzerinde bulunmaktadır ve bu dağlık alanlarda sirk gölü/sirk sayısı oranı (G/S oranı) %30’a ulaşmaktadır.Batı ve Orta Toroslar’da buzullaşmaya uğramış birçok kütle ve yüzlerce sirk bulunmasınarağmen sirk gölü sayısı çok azdır ve birçok kütle üzerinde hiç sirk gölü yer almamaktadır (G/S oranı0’dır). Bu durumun oluşmasında litolojik koşullar büyük etkiye sahiptir. Batı ve Orta Toroslar’da buzullaşmayauğramış kütleler karstik birimlerden oluşurken, Doğu Karadeniz Dağları karstik olmayanvolkanik ve intrusif birimlerden oluşmaktadır. Morfometrik hesaplamalara göre Anadolu’daki tümsirk göllerinin ortalama yükseklikleri 2882 metredir ve bu değer Kuvaterner buzul dönemleri kalıcıkar sınırı ölçümleri ile örtüşmektedir. Göl büyüklükleri açısından göllerin ortalama alanları 13.346m2 (0,0133 km2)’dir ve alan sınıflandırmasına göre göllerin neredeyse tamamına yakını küçük gölsınıfı içerisindedir (%99,5). Küresel grid tabanlı iklim verilerine göre sirk gölü alanlarının yıllık ortalamasıcaklığı -0,11°C, yıllık toplam yağış değeri ise 825 mm’dir.
Мы никогда не были средним классом. Как социальная мобильность вводит нас в заблуждение
Authors: Вайс Хадас
Published: November 2021

Хотя происходящее сокращение среднего класса в одной части планеты и его расширение в другой приковывают к себе наше внимание, мы редко ставим под сомнение саму категорию «средний класс». В этой книге антрополог Хадас Вайс утверждает, что средний класс представляет собой своего рода идеологию. Прослеживая ее от истоков и вплоть до эпохи финансиализации, автор демонстрирует ошибочность веры в то, что наше положение в обществе может улучшаться или ухудшаться только благодаря нашим амбициозным и предусмотрительным инвестициям в собственность и образование. Этнографические данные из Германии, Израиля, США и других стран показывают, как в частной жизни и в политике эта вера заставляет нас стремиться к достижению целей, которые способствуют накоплению, но при этом оказываются саморазрушительными. Книга адресована социологам, политологам, экономистам.
Decolonial Possibilities of Reintroducing the Devil in the Public Space of Afro‐Ecuadorian Territories
Authors: López‐Yánez María Gabriela , Saavedra Calderón María Paz
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the decolonial possibilities of the collective design of a sound artwork in reimagining the role of two Afro‐Ecuadorian music and dance‐based events in the Afro‐Ecuadorian ancestral territories of North Esmeraldas and Chota‐Mira. The two events, Bomba del Chota and Marimba Esmeraldeña, emerged in the context of slavery and colonialism as a response of Afro‐Ecuadorians to the oppression and violence they endured. These two music and dance‐based events sustain a counter‐narrative of power and resistance for Afrodescendant peoples in Ecuador, weaving meaningful connections among them and other entities populating their territories, such as the “devil,” whose cohabitation with Afro‐Ecuadorians will be at the spotlight of our analysis. Based on the audio‐recorded testimonies of these connections that strongly existed until the 1970s, and of a sonic composition that was created from them, we propose a collaborative design of a sound artwork in the public spaces of the jungle in Esmeraldas and the mountain in Chota‐Mira. We discuss how a decolonial approach to the design of the artwork can serve as a dialogical space to engage inhabitants in their re‐connection to the possibilities of resistance that their ancestors nurtured in their territories through the practice of the two music and dance‐based events. Through a political reading of soundscapes, an argument is developed to show how sound constructs the public spaces that root people in their territories, connecting them with meaningful stories and practices that keep being forgotten due to the on‐going consequences of slavery and colonialism. The article contributes to the discussion about political ecologies and the collective production of public spaces as a joyful response to exclusion and oppression.
Gender as a Problem in Maths Textbooks: A Practical Handbook on How to be a Girl/Woman
Authors: Neto Vanessa Franco , Da Silva Marcio Antonio
Published: November 2021

Background: Gender issues have been guided recently in our country from a misogynistic and patriarchal bias. Apparently, school mathematics would have nothing to contribute or problematize in this sense. However, the exercise we propose calls into question the neutrality of this school subject and moves it from a perspective that allows us to investigate the theme of gender in contemporary times. Objective: in the excerpt made for this article, we examined the approaches of these two studies to gender issues and their connections with mathematics education. Settings: We analysed the 113 books that composed the corpus of the investigation, from where we selected 12 images that helped us compose what we called a “practical handbook on how to be a girl.” Design: this handbook was prepared as a fictional narrative from the theoretical-analytical exercise undertaken on the material through the discourse analysis. Data collection and analysis: by understanding images as pedagogical devices, we sought regularities that allowed us to elaborate the handbook. Results: from the analyses, we constructed the following sentences related to the subject girl/woman: (i) girls must be careful; (ii) girls must be selfless; (iii) girls must be delicate; (iv) women must mind the time, (vi) girls must be organised and efficient and, finally, (vii) girls must know how to cook. Conclusion: mathematics, as a non-neutral science, operates as a tool so that desirable values of an extremely conservative portion of the Brazilian population are taught and propagated.
Disputes in a Pre-Service Mathematics Teachers’ Programme: An (Im)Possible Narrative
Authors: Costa Neto Cleber Dias da , Giraldo Victor
Published: November 2021

Background: The curricula of the undergraduate programmes for pre-service mathematics teachers’ education have been debated (and disputed) in Brazilian academic communities over the past decades. Objectives: To investigate actions and disputes among mathematicians and mathematics educators which took place during the curricular changes and creation of the night undergraduate programme for pre-service mathematics teachers’ education at UFRJ. Design: Fictional dialogues were built to present and analyse data from individual interviews. Setting and Participants: Interviews were conducted with seven lecturers, five retired and two in office, who have played central roles in the institution or in designing curricula for the programme. Data collection and analysis: Data analysis and production were conducted through the re-storying methodology. Results: The dialogues indicate that the modification in the priorities of the group of Mathematics Education teachers at the IM-UFRJ moved the faculty away from the discussions that culminated in the curricular changes of 2001 and 2008, either from the understanding of what the laws and resolutions said, or in internal spaces for debate, such as the Fundão Project. Conclusions: Our analysis indicates that disputes take place in a landscape that transcends teachers’ education and reaches more complex political and epistemic terrains, partially related to tensions between mathematics and mathematics education, but that cannot be reduced to this binarism.
Model of Flexibility in the Conceptual Evolution of Multiplicative Comparison
Authors: Cebola Graça Maria , Brocardo Joana
Published: November 2021

Background: Proportionality is a paramount topic in students' mathematical literacy. In this topic, it is fundamental to understand the multiplicative comparison and the flexible use of the concepts of ratio and proportion. Objectives: To analyse the articulation between concepts, resolution strategies, and representations used by students, supported by numerical relationships and properties of operations to characterise a model of the conceptual evolution of multiplicative comparison. Design: Research based design. Setting and participants: Two mathematics teachers teaching 6th grade (11-12-year-old students) and their 38 (18 + 20) students during the lessons in which five assignments were explored. Data collection and analysis: The data includes the transcription of the video recordings of the classes and the students' written productions. The data were successively revisited and condensed to identify and illustrate the aspects that make up the model of the conceptual evolution of multiplicative comparison. Results: The construction of the concept of multiplicative comparison prevails in the work in two spaces of measurement and in the exploration of the multiplicative relationship between the corresponding quantities within each one. Resolution strategies are first non-quantitative and become quantitative, initially with additive and then multiplicative characteristics. The representations are based on the ratio as a fraction, on the double number line, and on the table of ratios, being supported by numerical relationships and properties of operations. Conclusions: The results elucidate, adjust, and illustrate a theoretical model related to the evolution of the multiplicative comparison in two spaces of measurement.
Genetic and epigenetic profiling of the BRCA1 / 2 genes in solitary ovarian cancer and multiple primary ovarian tumors
Authors: Esenova M. E. , Payanidi Yu. G. , Vinokurova S. V. , Shevchuk A. S. , Tikhonovskaya M. N. , Zhordania K. I.
Published: November 2021

Background. Ovarian cancer is a complex and poorly studied disease that kills nearly 70–80 % of patients. Therefore, practitioners are interested in any opportunity of improving survival of these patients. From this point of view, investigation of genetic and epigenetic functions associated with this pathology is quite promising.Objective: to assess clinical and morphological characteristics of tumors in ovarian cancer patients, considering the presence of mutations and methylation in the BRCA1/2 gene.Materials and methods. This study included 180 ovarian cancer patients (FIGO stage I–IV) treated in the N. N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center between 2008 and 2019. Study participants were divided into 3 groups according to their BRCA status and the number of primary tumors. We collected and analyzed venous blood, biopsy samples of ovarian cancer, archived histological sections, and paraffin-embedded tissue blocks. DNA isolated from venous blood was used to identify the following germline mutation by pyrosequencing: BRCA1 5382insC, BRCA1 4153delA, BRCA1 185delAG, and BRCA26174delT. DNA isolated from biopsy specimens and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens was used to analyze methylation in the promoter regions of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes by bisulfite sequencing (PyroMark Q24 DNA Sequencer; Qiagen, USA) with specific primers targeting promoter regions of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.Results. Molecular testing demonstrated that the frequency of BRCA1 gene mutations was 21.1 % (38/148) in patients with solitary ovarian cancer and 40.6 % (13/32) in patients with multiple primary ovarian cancers. The frequency of methylation of the BRCA1 gene promoter was 2.2 % (18/148) in patients with solitary ovarian cancer and 3.1 % (1 case) in patients with multiple primary ovarian cancers. All BRCA1 methylated ovarian tumors were serous adenocarcinomas, including high grade tumors in 15 patients (78.9 %) and low-grade tumors in 4 patients (21.1 %).Conclusion. Hypermethylation of the BRCA1 gene promoter was observed only in individuals with sporadic serous ovarian cancer. No methylation was detected in patients with non-serous ovarian cancer, as well as in patients carrying BRCA1 gene mutations (both with solitary ovarian cancer and with primary multiple ovarian tumors).
Greetings to the participants of the International Congress "Environment and Perinatal Medicine"
Authors: Ailamazyan Eduard K.
Published: November 2021

From June 29 to July 2, 2003 in the Northern capital of Russia within the framework of the International Ecological Forum "Environment and Human Health" the International Congress "Environment and Perinatal Medicine" will take place.

The contribution of St. Petersburg scientists to the development of domestic obstetrics, gynecology and perinatology is generally recognized. St. Petersburg is associated with the beginning of training midwives in Russia (1757), the first scientific obstetric-gynecological society in Russia was created here (1866), and the Journal of Obstetrics and Women's Diseases began to be published (1887).
Threatened abortion: new insights by color doppler, 3d and 4d ultrasound
Authors: Kupesic S. , Kurjak А. , Aksamija А.
Published: November 2021

This article contains information about etiological factors of threatened abortion. Also opportunities of ultrasound investigation of this complication are represented.
Research of genetic predisposition to gestosis: polymorphism of genes, participating in vasoregulation of functions endothelium
Authors: Mozgovaya Yelena V.
Published: November 2021

The polymorphism of the genes involved in the regulation of endothelial function - PLAT, PAI-1, ACE, eNOS and TNF- - was studied in 122 pregnant women with pure and concomitant preeclampsia of varying severity and in 73 healthy puerperas. It was revealed that mutant genotypes of the studied genes are associated with more pronounced clinical and laboratory indicators of the severity of preeclampsia and the greatest increase in the level of markers of endothelial dysfunction. It is noted that the frequency of mutant genes and alleles varies depending on the severity of preeclampsia and the presence of background diseases characterized by the presence of endothelial dysfunction. The data obtained confirm the opinion that gestosis is a multifactorial disease with several, possibly independent, developmental pathways. The study of the polymorphism of genes regulating endothelial function contributes to the early identification of a risk group for the development of preeclampsia.
Features of changes of menstruation function in the various periods of ontogenesis at the working women of an instrument-making industry
Authors: Kostjuchek D. F. , Patutin V. N.
Published: November 2021

The object of the study was to study the nature of changes in menstrual function in women at different periods of ontogenesis, taking into account the degree and duration of contact with lead in industrial conditions. At the same time, a statistically significant increase in the frequency of menstrual dysfunctions was revealed.

With the duration of contact with lead, the toxic effect of lead increases both on the central and peripheral link of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system, which is the reason for the formation of premature menopause in radio installers.
Femoston 1/5 as a preparation continuous combined hormonotherapy in pre- and postmenopausal patients
Authors: Repina Margarita A.
Published: November 2021

The paper presents the results of a study of a low-dose drug for continuous HRT - Femoston 1/5. The drug quite effectively eliminates (reduces) psychoemotional and vegetative-vascular symptoms of peri- and postmenopause, eases the course of hypertension, does not affect body weight gain, actually does not cause breakthrough bleeding, growth of myomatous nodes, does not affect the size of the uterus and the thickness of the endometrium (within a year reception). Taking the drug is accompanied by positive dynamics of the level of glycemia, high and low density lipoproteins, the degree of aggregation and intravascular activation of platelets, which improves the state of peripheral blood flow.

The presented data allow us to recommend Femoston 1/5 as a means of HRT for postmenopausal and perimenopausal patients with concomitant uterine myoma and endometriosis.
Estimation of a functional condition of a fetus at pregnancy and in delivery
Authors: Kogan I. Y. , Poljanin А. A. , Pavlova N. G.
Published: November 2021

The lecture provides information on approaches to the assessment of fetal cardiotocography during pregnancy and childbirth. Assessment of the functional state of the fetus during pregnancy and childbirth remains one of the most difficult tasks of perinatology and obstetrics. The question of the state of the intrauterine fetus has been of interest to obstetricians for a long time. For the first time, the possibility of auscultation of fetal heart sounds was reported in 1818.
Obstetrical hemorrhages (tactics, principles of infusion/transfusion therapy)
Authors: Kuzminykh Tatiana U.
Published: November 2021

The haemorrhage continues to be the most serious problem in obstetrical practice. The modern arsenal of means for prevention and therapy of obstetrical bleeding, organization and subsequence of emergency care in maternity departments allowed to decrease the common amount of haemmorage in intrapartum and postpartum periods. However, the full prevention of poor pregnancy and delivery outcomes is still not achieved. Two main factors determine the mortality level in obstetrical bleeding: late non-adequate haemostasis and incorrect infusional-transfusional therapy. The article is devoted to clinical management of haemorrage in preterm placenta abruption, uterine rupture, anomalies of placenta attachment and placement, uterine hypotony, and principles of infusional-transfusional therapy.
Work of leningrad obstetricians and gynecologists within great domestic war and blockade of city
Authors: Tsveliov Y. V. , Shmidt А. A.
Published: November 2021

In the 300-year history of our city, 900 days of the Leningrad blockade were and will remain for centuries in the memory of the people. The war could not but affect all aspects of life, even in the most remote areas from the front in our country. But its influence on the life of Leningrad is especially great because the population of our city experienced in these months not only the hardships of wartime, but also all the consequences of a severe blockade "
Service quality for continuing higher education in online learning environments
Authors: Quijano-Caicedo Jesús Enrique , Rojas-Berrio Sandra Patricia , Robayo-Pinzón Óscar Javier
Published: November 2021

This paper aims to identify the factors that influence the perceived quality of service for continuing higher education in online learning environments. To that end, a quantitative descriptive study, which was applied to 4,735 students in continuing higher education courses, who were given a self-administered scale online. The instrument was constructed considering the following factors: teaching skills, teachers’ attitudes and behavior, administrative and support team, the navigation platform, curricula, and the organization of courses for continuing education. The results show that the scale of perceived service quality for continuing virtual education from the students’ perspective is a two-dimensional construct. The first factor includes administrative support, content, educational aspects, and the interface, which constitute virtual education facilitators. The second factor involves the teaching skills necessary to guide a online learning course. The findings contribute to decisions in the management and development of continuing online learning, whose growing demand warrants a review of ways to satisfy users, allowing the modality to be viewed with a more positive perception.
La prestación del consentimiento informado en materia de salud en el nuevo sistema de apoyos al ejercicio de la capacidad
Authors: González Carrasco M.ª del Carmen
Published: November 2021

La dignidad de la persona con discapacidad y el derecho al libre desarrollo de la personalidad en condiciones de igualdad inspiran el sistema de apoyos diseñado por la nueva Ley 8/2021, de 2 de junio, por la que se reforma la legislación civil y procesal para el apoyo a las personas con discapacidad en el ejercicio de su capacidad jurídica. La nueva ley modifica el título XI CC extendiendo sus efectos a otras normas. Sin embargo, su necesario ajuste con las decisiones a adoptar en relación con el tratamiento sanitario de la persona con discapacidad ha quedado, al igual que ha Derecho Privado y Constitución, 39, julio-diciembre (2021), pp. 213-247 ocurrido con el resto de otras situaciones reguladas en leyes especiales, al margen de las previsiones del legislador. Este trabajo aborda el análisis de las modificaciones que el nuevo paradigma de apoyos a la capacidad requiere introducir en la regulación del consentimiento informado contemplado en la Ley 41/2002, de 14 de noviembre, básica reguladora de la autonomía del paciente y de los derechos y obligaciones en materia de información y documentación clínica, así como en otras normas reguladoras de actuaciones sanitarias más específicas.
Una acción política realista y sensata hacia España: Franco, el régimen y la oposición en la correspondencia diplomática norteamericana, 1944-1947
Authors: Ferrary Ojeda Alvaro
Published: November 2021

Este texto se articula en torno a la correspondencia oficial mantenida entre el Departamento de Estado y la Embajada de los EE. UU. en Madrid durante la segunda mitad de los años cuarenta –de manera particular entre septiembre de 1944 y diciembre de 1947- preservada en el NARA de College Park, Maryland. A partir del estudio de este rico y abundante material, creemos que se ha logrado elaborar una explicación más completa y más matizada que la hasta ahora existente acerca de las razones que llevaron a Washington a virar en su actitud inicial de hostilidad hacia Franco, para acabar estableciendo con la dictadura española un marco cada vez más normalizado de cooperación. De hecho, a tenor de la lectura de los despachos remitidos a Washington por la Embajada desde el mes de septiembre de 1944 hasta diciembre de 1947, se podría afirmar que fue un lugar común a los cinco máximos responsables de la Misión norteamericana en Madrid la premisa de que la única opción viable y sensata para promover en España un régimen de representación y de libertades, pasaba necesariamente por partir de la legalidad impuesta por los vencedores en la Guerra Civil, no por la restauración de la que había sido conculcada de manera violenta por éstos en 1936. Se sostiene que, en lo sustancial, dicha posición quedó prefigurada muy pronto, antes incluso de que concluyera la Segunda Guerra Mundial, y que en su adopción fueron decisivos los resultados negativos que arrojaron los constantes chequeos de salud de los que fueron objetos los grupos de la oposición democrática a la dictadura durante estos años.
Efeito agudo do ultrassom terapêutico contínuo na temperatura da pele, em região de ponto gatilho: relato de caso
Authors: Ferreira Michelle Borges Nery , Jesus Cleber Souza de
Published: November 2021

O ultrassom terapêutico é utilizado no tratamento de ponto gatilho miofascial e a termografia pode ser utilizada como ferramenta auxiliar no diagnóstico e no acompanhamento desses casos. Dessa forma, este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a resposta aguda do ultrassom contínuo no tratamento de ponto gatilho miofascial por meio da termografia, em um paciente do sexo masculino, sedentário, com 41 anos de idade e sem comorbidades. Na avaliação termográfica foi identificado um ponto gatilho em região de trapézio do lado direito, cuja temperatura excedia em 0,4ºC o lado contralateral. Em seguida, foi aplicado ultrassom terapêutico contínuo por quatro minutos, frequência de 3Mhz e intensidade de 1,4 W/cm². Após conduta terapêutica, foi realizado seguimento da região de interesse por meio da termografia com imagens a cada 2 minutos. Imediatamente após a aplicação, a temperatura local foi elevada em 4,4ºC com posterior redução até o 7º minuto.  A partir do 9º minuto, foi registrado um ligeiro aumento da temperatura da pele no local da intervenção, e, a partir de então, a temperatura se manteve praticamente constante até os minutos finais de acompanhamento. Houve redução da intensidade da dor e da percepção sensorial da localização do ponto gatilho. Este relato de caso revela que a termografia possui grande potencial de aplicação tanto no auxílio diagnóstico quanto no monitoramento da evolução do tratamento.
Assessment of Naturally Occurring Radionuclides Accumulation in Palm Oil from Soil
Authors:   the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa, Olafisoye O. B. , Oguntibeju O. O. , Osibote O. A.
Published: November 2021

Hyper Pure Germanium (HPGe) radiation detector was used to estimate the activity concentration of fifteen soil and palm oil samples collected from the oil palm plantations in the southwestern, southeastern, and south southern states of Nigeria, and the risk assessments was evaluated. The activity concentrations at a soil depth 0 – 15 cm ranged from 187.4 to 514.4, 2.328 to 6.571, and 1.509 to 6.121 Bq/kg for 40K, 238U, and 232Th, respectively. The activity concentrations at a soil depth 15 – 30 cm ranged from 163.4 to 3188.8, 1.345 to 9.410, and 1.476 to 6.275 Bq/kg for 40K, 238U, and 232Th, respectively. The activity concentrations in the palm oil ranged from 122.3 to 968.0, 1.240 to 6.651, and 1.199 to 8.061 Bq/L for 40K, 238U, and 232Th. For the risk assessments of surface soil samples, the absorbed dose rate (D) ranged from 5.09 to 24.54 nGy/h, while the annual effective dose equivalent (E) ranged from 0.612 × 10-2 to 16.49 × 10-2 mSv/y. The radium equivalent, gamma absorbed dose rate, and the annual effective dose rate in the palm oil samples ranged from 9.981 to 88.00 Bq/L, 4.315 to 46.29 nGy/h, and 0.53 × 10-2 to 56.90 x 10-2 mSv/y, respectively. The activity concentrations reported for soil and palm oil samples were lower than the recommended world average values given by UNSCEAR. Hence, the hazard and risk assessments indicated a low radiation risk within the studied areas.
Influence of agroforestry system modalities on maize (Zea mays) yield in an Amazon ecosystem
Authors: Almeida Pereira Beatriz De , Pauletto Daniela , Da Silva Ádria Fernandes , De Sousa Verena Santos , De Sousa Oliveira Thiago Gomes , Da Silva Adrielle Fernandes
Published: November 2021

Corn is among the short-cycle annual species used in agroforestry systems due to its adaptation to intercropping. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the corn yield, cultivar BIO Z 2365, in two types of agroforestry systems. The experiment was carried out in a forestry agroforestry system in two treatments: mechanized with mineral fertilizer and semi-mechanized with organic fertilizer. The experiment was carried out in a forestry agroforestry system (AFSs), with two treatments, mechanized with mineral fertilizers (MEC) and semi-mechanized with organic fertilizers (SMEC). Each treatment was composed of four crop strips (4 x 24 m) distributed with plants arranged at a distance of 0.50 m between lines, totaling four plots per treatment. A random collection of 20 plants per strip was used, and different variables related to production were evaluated. The productivity was estimated using the EMATER and Reetz methods and by estimating the direct yield. The t-test was adopted to verify the difference between treatments. The mechanized system was superior for all the variables evaluated, obtaining average yield of 41.6 bags ha-1. In the semi-mechanized system, the average yield was 29.2 bags ha-1. The performance of cultivar BIO Z 2365 was better in the mechanized system. However, the results revealed that the cultivation of short-cycle crops, despite technological restrictions in the experimental area, can mean an increase in income for small producers or act in reducing the costs of the implementation and maintenance in agroforestry systems; operating as an agent of economic sustainability.
Passivos contingentes em projetos de concessão e parceria público-privada: uma análise do contexto e impacto dos passivos nas concessões e PPPs e sua relação com as contratações públicas tradicionais
Authors: Chansky Isadora , Almeida Dubourcq Santana Luísa , Rios Jéssica Loyola Caetano , Silva Cadedo Matheus
Published: November 2021

Com o apoio de governos e instituições de pesquisa da América Latina e do Caribe, em 2020 o BID desenvolveu a Rede de Análise e Melhores Práticas em Parcerias Público-Privadas (Rede PPP), com o objetivo de melhorar o desenvolvimento de infraestrutura na região em termos de qualidade, sustentabilidade, competitividade e eficiência. A Rede PPP foi criada com o objetivo de (a) conectar as demandas públicas de conhecimento com a pesquisa aplicada desenvolvida (em outras palavras, que o trabalho analítico sobre PPPs responde ao que os desenvolvedores de políticas e projetos querem saber sobre o que funciona e o que no funciona); (b) sistematizar a informação: (c) gerar e coordenar a evidência existente: desenvolvendo um trabalho analítico baseado na informação gerada pela rede disponível publicamente, assim como conectar a pesquisa aplicada regional para aumentar as sinergias na geração de conhecimento. No início de 2020, e com base numa Consulta Pública com os governos da região, foi identificada uma série de questes comuns de interesse no desenvolvimento de infraestrutura através de PPPs em torno de cinco grandes áreas: Regulação e Institucionalidade, Viabilidade e Estruturação de Projetos Sustentáveis, Financiamento de Projetos, Gesto e Monitorização de Riscos, e Avaliação, Desempenho e Impacto. Este artigo "Passivos Contingentes em Projetos de Concessão e Parceria Público-Privada" responde a essa demanda e foi selecionado através de um concurso.
Development of Protestantism in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in 1990s — 2020s
Authors: Kratova Natalia
Published: November 2021

This article examines the process of the development of Protestant communities in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in the post-Soviet period. The starting point of the study was 1990, when the laws of the USSR and the RSFSR were adopted, regulating the sphere of state-confessional relations on a new, liberal basis. The article shows in detail the dynamics of the membership of Protestant communities on the territory of the republic, the peculiarities of the emergence of new communities, forms and methods of work of Protestants. The sources of the study were the office documentation of the Karachay-Cherkess Regional Committee of the CPSU, the Commissioner of the Head of the KChR for Relations with Religious Organizations, the Ministry of the KChR for Ethnic Affairs, Mass Communications and the Press — reports, analytical notes on the religious situation, information about registered non-profit organizations posted on the Ministry's portal justice of the Russian Federation, reference materials on the doctrine and existing local religious associations, posted on the official websites of centralized religious organizations — the Russian Union of Evangelical Christians-Baptists (RS ECB), the Russian United Union of Christians of the Evangelical Faith-Pentecostals (RUS KhVE), the Evangelical Christian Missionary Union (EXMC) and also field materials of the author — interviews with leaders of local Protestant communities.
The Caucasian War and Population Transfers in the Southern Outskirts of the Russian Empire
Authors: Urushadze Amiran
Published: November 2021

The article examines the history of transfers (displacements) of the population during the years of the Caucasian War. Transfers are analyzed in the context of the Russian Empire's policy of establishing military and political control in the region. The article is based on the materials of several federal and regional archives, as well as published historical evidence and research literature. The author concludes that the history of colonization of the North Caucasus, which is widely represented in historiography, needs revision. The history of Russian colonization is a narrative about the adaptation of the Cossacks and peasants to the new conditions of life and interaction with the local population. However, new settlers came to the territories previously occupied by the indigenous population forced to leave them. In this respect, it is the history of transfers that allows us to understand the motives of the imperial administration, the mechanisms of organization of relocations, and the resettlement reflection of the population. Another conclusion of the article is that during the course of the Caucasian War, population transfers became one of the standard mechanisms of the Russian administration, and the large-scale eviction of the Adygs in 1862—1864 was a continuation of this policy.
The Alans between a Scholarly Paradigm and Ethnocentrism: the “Memory Wars” and Their Background
Authors: Shnirelman Viktor
Published: November 2021

A social (historic) memory and an alternative history are discussed with respect to the hot and very emotional issue dealing with the claims of certain North Caucasian peoples for the Alan ancestors. One should make a difference between academic approaches, on the one hand, and pseudo-scholarly, often highly politicized motives of the alternative history authors, on the other hand. Yet, even scholars who have dual loyalty have to make an uneasy choice between the scholarly paradigm and ethnocentric constructions which serve ethno-national interests. The author argues that a scholarly approach demands for, firstly, a nuanced treatment of the name of the “Alans” which had different meanings in the different historic periods, and secondly, a careful analysis of such names which initially could serve social or political goals rather than ethnic ones.
The Institutional Aspect of the Incorporation of the Central Caucasus Peoples into Russia in 1793—1822
Authors: Alexei Abazov
Published: November 2021

The article explores the institutional aspect of the incorporation of the peoples of the Central Caucasus into the political and legal space of the Russian Empire on the example of the activities of the Mozdok Upper Border Court (1793—1822). Among the main areas of such incorporation, the court considers the application of Russian normative acts in decision-making, the legitimization of concluded and the certification of concluded contracts and transactions, the recognition and consolidation of the social status of representatives of the local population, and the use of institutions of justice unusual to the traditional legal consciousness of the highlanders. Attention is drawn to the formation of socionormative pluralism in the region, when the norms of adat, Muslim and Russian law were applied in resolving disputes and conflicts.Issues related to difficulties of inter-language communication of the court with subordinate institutions are considered. Examples of the issuance of mortgage letters by the court are considered as a guarantee of the fulfillment of property obligations assumed by the participants in the proceedings. Information is given on the introduction of the institution of attorneys in the practice of the border court. It is concluded that all this was one of the mechanisms for subsequently forming the origins of Russian civic identity among representatives of the local population.
Socio-Political Processes in the Chechen Republic in the Context of the Counter-Terrorist Operation (1999—2009)
Authors: Osmaev Abbaz
Published: November 2021

The events in the Chechen Republic of the late 20th — early 21th century, especially the counter-terrorism operation (the second “Chechen war”), have become the object of close attention of politicians of various levels and political views, as well as historians, political scientists, sociologists of Russia and the world. The existing assessments of the counterterrorist operation in Chechnya are extremely polarized and numerous also because it almost immediately outgrew a local-regional character, becoming a higher-order phenomenon that has a serious impact on the domestic and foreign policy of the Russian Federation. The problems of preserving territorial integrity and the right of nations to self-determination, the need for a tough fight against terrorism and respect for human rights, conducting military operations using the army on their territory and preserving the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens are intertwined in one tangle. The Russian, European and American expert communities have paid and continue to pay considerable attention to various aspects of the problems related to the conduct of the counter-terrorism operation in the Chechen Republic, its consequences, results, and the current situation in the region, giving assessments according to their political views and preferences. However, in general, the huge volume of accumulated sources and various research papers on this problem can be stumped — at least the most preliminary work is required to assess the historiography of the “Chechen wars” and specific problems related to the nature of the source base. The peculiarities of the internal policy of the Russian Federation, its involvement in armed conflicts in Ukraine and Syria, the unstable situation in the Caucasus as a whole, undoubtedly have an impact on the intensification of terrorist manifestations in Russia. Moreover, the roots of a number of emerging problems go back to the period of the counter-terrorist operation in the Chechen Republic. Terrorism has evolved in recent years, destabilizing the internal State security for a long time. And although at present the situation in this direction is steadily normalizing, new threats nevertheless appear, and they require scientific understanding and the organization of counteraction on a scientific basis.
Political Practices of Progressivism
Authors: Fyodorova Maria
Published: November 2021

The main subject of the article is progress as a concept and as a political practice. Starting from the idea of a close relationship between the historical and political sections of the social consciousness of the era, the author shows how the emergence and evolution of the concept of progress in the modern era influenced the formation of political practices in the era of modernity through the creation of political projects within the framework of various ideologies. It is shown that changes in the perception of historical time in the second half of the twentieth century led to a significant transformation in the understanding of progress and its transformation from one of the central categories into “myth”, “utopia”, etc. and, accordingly, to the modification of political practices. Today's progressivism is a very complex interweaving of political concepts and practices that are gradually losing their historical optimism and are turned rather not to creating a utopian project for a bright future, but to developing specific programs to minimize the risks of modern civilization.
Challenges and Limitations in Human Action Recognition on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Comprehensive Survey
Authors: Othman Nashwan Adnan , Aydin Ilhan
Published: November 2021

An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), commonly called a drone, is an aircraft without a human pilot aboard. Making UAVs that can accurately discover individuals on the ground is very important for various applications, such as people searches, and surveillance. UAV integration in smart cities is challenging, however, because of problems and concerns such as privacy, safety, and ethical/legal use. Human action recognition-based UAVs can utilize modern technologies. Thus, it is essential for future development of the aforementioned applications. UAV-based human activity recognition is the procedure of classifying photo sequences with action labels. This paper offers a comprehensive study of UAV-based human action recognition techniques. Furthermore, we conduct empirical research studies to assess several factors that might influence the efficiency of human detection and action recognition techniques in UAVs. Benchmark datasets commonly utilized for UAV-based human action recognition are briefly explained. Our findings reveal that the existing human action recognition innovations can identify human actions on UAVs with some limitations in range, altitudes, long-distance, and a large angle of depression.
Application of Deep Learning and Brain Images in Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Patients
Authors: Jiang Yu
Published: November 2021

In the identification of which stages Alzheimer’s patients are in, the application of the medical imaging technology helps doctors give more accurate qualitative diagnoses. However, the existing research results are not effective enough in the acquisition of valuable information from medical images, nor can they make full use of other modal images that highlight different feature information. To this end, this paper studies the application of deep learning and brain images in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s patients. First, the image preprocessing operations and the brain image registration process were explained in detail. Then, the image block generation process was given, and the degrees of membership to white matter, gray matter and cerebrospinal fluid were calculated, and the brain images were also preliminarily classified. Finally, a complete auxiliary diagnosis process for Alzheimer’s disease based on deep learning was provided, an improved sparse noise reduction auto-encoder network was constructed, and the brain image recognition and classification based on deep learning were completed. The experimental results verified the effectiveness of the constructed model.
Development of Real-Time Fuzzy Synchronization of Chaos Based System for Image Encryption
Authors: Guler Hasan
Published: November 2021

The concept of chaos, which has entered the literature since the 19th century, has been used for the protection of information with the development of information technologies in recent years. Chaos circuits are frequently used in secure communication systems because of its unpredictability and ease of modeling. In this paper, real-time fuzzy control method was used for master-slave synchronization of Rucklidge chaotic circuit. Also, sinusoidal signal and image encryption were used for application of secure communication process in LabVIEW platform. Data acquisition system was used to implement real time application. Fuzzy control performed synchronization at the end of the specified period and image encryption and decryption were successfully obtained in the developed system.
Resident-Led Physical Wellness Initiative Linked to Less Burnout for Emergency Physicians during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Calderon Camila
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a significant toll on societal, physical, and psychological health. Emergency physicians (EPs) are susceptible to burnout under ordinary circumstances and may be particularly vulnerable during the pandemic. To reduce pandemic-related burnout, we implemented a residency-led physical wellness initiative and evaluated the effect on burnout among EPs. Methods: In the spring of 2020, we invited all resident and attending EPs in our department to participate in a four-week physical wellness initiative as part of a prospective study. After completing or opting out of this wellness initiative, EPs responded to an online survey comprised of five sections: demographics, participation, opinion on wellness initiative, opinion on the impact of COVID-19, and the Maslach Burnout Index (MBI-HSS). We stratified respondents by initiative participation, described the characteristics of each group, and then compared the perceived impact of COVID-19 and the MBI-HSS results between the two groups. Results: Out of 110 eligible participants, 57 EPs completed the survey (51.8%). Thirty-five respondents completed the wellness initiative. Few (37.1%) documented their progress, though most worked with accountability partners (85.7%). Most enrollees enjoyed participation (Likert Score 3.2-5, CI 2.9-3.5) and would participate again (3.3, CI 3.0-3.6). The reported effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental wellbeing was lower for participants, although this was not significant (2.1, CI 1.5-2.1 vs 2.4, CI 2.0-2.7, p=0.312). On the MBI-HSS, participants had a lower emotional exhaustion score (1.4, 95% CI 0.9-1.8) than non-participants (2.2, 95%CI 1.8-2.6, p=0.005).
A review on the effects of ethanol/gasoline fuel blends on NOX emissions in spark-ignition engines
Authors: Iodice Paolo , Amoresano Amedeo , Langella Giuseppe
Published: November 2021

Ethanol can be used as an alternative fuel for spark-ignition (SI) engines to increase the octane number and oxygen content of ethanol/gasoline blends, thereby reducing dependence on fossil fuels and the exhaust emissions of incomplete combustion products. Although it is widely agreed that ethanol can reduce CO and HC exhaust emissions, the literature on ethanol and NOX emissions is far from conclusive; hence there is a need for an in-depth, updated review of ethanol/gasoline blends in SI engines and the relative production of NOX emissions. In light of that, the present work aims to provide a comprehensive literature review on the current state of ethanol combustion in SI engines to shed definitive light on the potential changes in NOX emissions under various operating conditions. The first part of this paper discusses the feasibility of ethanol as an alternative transportation fuel, including world production and ethanol production processes. The physicochemical properties of ethanol and gasoline are then compared to analyze their effects on combustion efficiency and exhaust emissions. Then, the pathways of NOX formation inside the cylinder of SI engines are discussed in depth. Finally, we review and critically discuss the effects of ethanol concentration in blends and different engine parameters on NOX formation.
The Jubilee Conference entitled: The latest achievements in biochemistry, biophysics and biotechnology – 50 years of history of the Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków
Authors: Płonka Przemysław M. , Dulak Józef
Published: November 2021

The Jubilee Conference of the Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology of the Jagiellonian University(FBBB JU) was held in Kraków on September 23–24, 2021. The honorary patronage of the Conference was givenby Professor Jacek Popiel, Rector of the Jagiellonian University.
Анализ зарубежного опыта мер поддержки субъектов малого и среднего предпринимательства в сфере промышленности
Authors: Урыков В.А.
Published: November 2021

В статье рассмотрен опыт взаимодействия государства и субъектов малого и среднего бизнеса в России и в зарубежных странах с развитой рыночной экономикой, выполнен анализ основных показателей уровня развития малого и среднего предпринимательства. Особое внимание уделено специфике поддержки малых и средних промышленных предприятий. Выявлены ключевые проблемы государственной поддержки бизнеса в России, предложены меры адаптации зарубежного опыта к российским реалиям. Информационную основу исследования составили нормативно- правовые акты, данные государственной статистики, официальные источники, научная периодическая литература. Использованы методы логического, системного и контент- анализа.
К вопросу о подготовке будущих учителей начальных классов в условиях дистанционного обучения
Authors: Евтыхова Н.М.
Published: November 2021

В статье представлены некоторые мысли по обучению математике будущих учителей начальных классов в условиях дистанционного обучения; по проблемам дистанционного формата обучения и возможных путях их решения.