bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Barriers in European spiny lobster (Palinurus elephas) aquaculture: What we know so far?
Authors: Yeap Adam L. K. , de Souza Valente Cecília , Hartnett Finnian , Conneely Ellie‐Ann , Bolton‐Warberg Majbritt , Davies Simon J. , Johnson Mark P. , Wan Alex H. L.
Published: May 2022

Palinurids, also known as spiny lobsters, are high‐value seafood, which is economically important for many European and Asian seafood trades. However, the reduction of wild European spiny lobster populations produces a need for developing alternative renewable strategies to meet current and future demands. Aquaculture of spiny lobsters has the potential to become of major economic importance in the coming years with growing markets in Asia, Europe, and America, with Palinurus elephas being a promising candidate species for use in the commercial culture and stock enhancement of natural fisheries. This is due to its shorter larval periods and rapid growth to the critical puerulus stage compared with other spiny lobster species. While we have a basic understanding of the lifecycle and biology of P. elephas, much of this is based on work undertaken on similar species globally. There are many gaps in our knowledge that need to be addressed to make its aquaculture viable with appropriate feeds being an immediate issue as well as many other husbandry‐related factors. Previous studies act as a platform providing a baseline for further research and highlighting constraints. Developments in the use of P. elephas are promising due to realistically bridgeable knowledge gaps, the likelihood of producing sustainable food and the high commercial value of spiny lobsters. This review identifies our present state of knowledge and outlines the scope for further research and necessary technological developments to make it a viable contribution towards crustacean aquaculture in Europe.
Classification of Myocardial Blood Flow based on Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging using Hierarchical Bayesian Models
Authors: Yang Yalei , Gao Hao , Berry Colin , Carrick David , Radjenovic Aleksandra , Husmeier Dirk
Published: May 2022

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is a promising approach to assess microvascular blood flow (perfusion) within the myocardium, and the Fermi microvascular perfusion model is widely applied to extract estimates of the myocardial blood flow (MBF) from DCE-MRI data sets. The classification of myocardial tissues into normal (healthy) and hypoperfused (lesion) regions provides new opportunities for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease and for advancing our understanding of the aetiology of this highly prevalent disease. In the present paper, the Fermi model is combined with a hierarchical Bayesian model (HBM) and a Markov random fields prior to automate this classification. The proposed model exploits spatial context information to smooth the MBF estimates while sharpening the edges between lesions and healthy tissues. The model parameters are approximately sampled from the posterior distribution with Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), and we demonstrate that this enables robust classification of myocardial tissue elements based on estimated MBF, along with sound uncertainty quantification. A well-established traditional method, based on a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) trained with the expectation–maximisation algorithm, is used as a benchmark for comparison.
Survey of iron prescribing practices for post‐partum anaemia
Authors: Iancu Ana‐Maria , Melamed Nir , Lin Yulia
Published: May 2022

Objective

Treatment for postpartum anaemia frequently entails iron supplementation, but questions remain regarding its optimal dosing, frequency, and efficacy. Our objective was to learn about the current prescribing practices of obstetrical providers at multiple hospitals, including indications and regimens used; further, we sought to understand how these practices are learned.

Methods

A 10‐question web‐based survey was developed via expert consensus. The survey was distributed via email to obstetrical providers (including trainees) practising at seven hospitals affiliated with the University of Toronto, including from Obstetrics & Gynaecology (OBGYN), Family Practice (FP‐OB) and midwifery.

Results

The survey was directly sent to 469 participants and 140 responses were collected from the direct email recruitment pool (response rate 30%). Half of respondents were OBGYN physicians. The most common indication was a post‐partum haemoglobin threshold of 90 g/L. Both intravenous and oral formulations were used; the most common oral formulation was ferrous fumarate (77%). Prescribing practices were most commonly shaped using passed‐down knowledge.

Conclusion

Through this survey, we have learned about the most common post‐partum iron supplementation indications, formulations and regimens used in both academic and community hospitals in the greater Toronto area. This insight will help inform future studies investigating the efficacy of oral iron supplementation in the treatment of post‐partum anaemia.
Development of the Chinese Haemovigilance Network and reporting of adverse transfusion reactions from 2018 to 2020
Authors: Tian Xue , Kong Yujie , Wang Jue , He Rui , Li Ling , Liu Zhong ,   CHN Collaborators
Published: May 2022

Background and Objectives

To advance blood transfusion safety, the Chinese Haemovigilance Network (CHN) was put into operation in 2018. This report describes the development of the CHN and evaluates its role by analysing reported adverse transfusion reactions (ATRs) from 2018 to 2020.

Materials and Methods

All data in this study were obtained from the CHN online reporting platform. A timeline of CHN development is presented, and the activities of CHN‐enrolled facilities are analysed by year. The reported ATRs were analysed in detail for ATR types, blood components involved and adherence to case definition, severity and imputability criteria. Incidence rates were calculated and compared with international examples.

Results

During 2018–2020, a total of 3061 ATRs were reported through the CHN online reporting system. The rate of reported ATRs in all facilities and the 10 highest reporting facilities was 0.7‰ and 1.8‰, respectively. When analysed by year, the incidence rate showed an increasing trend from 2018 to 2020. Allergic (68.2%) and febrile non‐haemolytic transfusion reaction (27.1%) were the most common. The vast majority of ATRs (92.0%) were not serious, but serious cases of transfusion‐associated circulatory overload, transfusion‐associated dyspnoea and hypotensive reaction were common. Most (86.0%) of reported cases were definitely or probably associated with transfusion.

Conclusion

Under‐reporting of ATRs occurs in many Chinese hospitals, but the establishment of CHN has increased ATR recognition and management. More effort will be needed in the future to detect transfusion problems and improve transfusion practice in China.
Effects of obesity and acute resistance exercise on skeletal muscle angiogenic communication pathways
Authors: Garner Ron T. , Weiss Jessica A. , Nie Yaohui , Sullivan Brian P. , Kargl Christopher K. , Drohan Cathal J. , Kuang Shihuan , Stout Julianne , Gavin Timothy P.
Published: May 2022

New Findings

What is the central question of this study?

Do obesity and acute resistance exercise alter the regulation of muscle intercellular communication pathways consistent with inadequate compensatory angiogenesis in response to muscle loading present in individuals with obesity?

What is the main finding and its importance?

Obesity is associated with differences in both pro‐ and anti‐angiogenic signalling consistent with lower muscle capillarization. Acute resistance exercise increases the release of skeletal muscle small extracellular vesicles independent of body mass. These results identify new cellular factors associated with impaired angiogenesis in obesity and the positive effects of acute resistance exercise in lean and obese skeletal muscle.

Obesity (OB) impairs cell‐to‐cell communication signalling. Small extracellular vesicles (EVs), which include exosomes, are released by skeletal muscle and participate in cell‐to‐cell communication, including the regulation of angiogenesis. Resistance exercise (REx) increases muscle fibre size and capillarization. Although obesity increases muscle fibre size, there is an inadequate increase in capillarization such that capillary density is reduced. It was hypothesized that REx‐induced angiogenic signalling and EV biogenesis would be lower with obesity. Sedentary lean (LN) and OB subjects (n = 8 per group) performed three sets of single‐leg knee‐extension REx at 80% of maximum. Muscle biopsies were obtained at rest, 15 min and 3 h postexercise and analysed for angiogenic and EV biogenesis mRNA and protein. In OB subjects, muscle fibre size was ∼20% greater and capillary density with type II fibres ∼25% lower compared with LN subjects (P < 0.001). In response to REx, the increase in VEGF mRNA (pro‐angiogenic) was similar (3‐fold) between groups, while thrombospondin‐1 (TSP‐1) mRNA (anti‐angiogenic) increased ∼2.5‐fold in OB subjects only (P = 0.010). miR‐130a (pro‐angiogenic) was ∼1.4‐fold (P = 0.011) and miR‐503 (anti‐angiogenic) ∼1.8‐fold (P = 0.017) greater in OB compared with LN subjects at all time points. In both groups, acute REx decreased the EV surface protein Alix by ∼50%, consistent with the release of exosomes (P = 0.016). Acute REx appears to induce the release of skeletal muscle small EVs independent of body mass. However, with obesity there is predominantly impaired angiogenic signalling, consistent with inadequate angiogenesis in response to basal muscle hypertrophy.
Electrocardiographic marker of the cardiac action potential triangulation induced by antiarrhythmic drugs in perfused guinea‐pig heart
Authors: Osadchii Oleg E.
Published: May 2022

New Findings

What is the central question of this study?

Can the triangular appearance of ventricular action potential, indicating proarrhythmic profile of antiarrhythmic agent, be approximated by specific changes on an electrocardiogram (ECG)?

What are the main finding and its importance?

The triangulation of the ventricular action potential seen when antiarrhythmic drugs induce a greater lengthening of the late repolarization compared to the initial repolarization in epicardium is closely approximated by a greater prolongation of the T wave upslope relative to the interval between the J point and the start of the T wave (the JTstart interval) on the ECG. These findings may improve the power of ECG assessments in predicting the drug‐induced arrhythmia resulting from slowed phase 3 repolarization.

Antiarrhythmic drugs prescribed to treat atrial fibrillation can occasionally precipitate ventricular tachyarrhythmia through a prominent slowing of the phase 3 repolarization. The latter results in the triangular shape of ventricular action potential, indicating high arrhythmic risk. However, clinically, the utility of triangulation assessments for predicting arrhythmia is limited owing to the invasive nature of the ventricular action potential recordings. This study examined whether the triangulation effect can be detected indirectly from electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis. Epicardial monophasic action potentials and the ECG were simultaneously recorded in perfused guinea‐pig hearts. With antiarrhythmics (dofetilide, quinidine, procainamide and flecainide), a prolongation of the initial repolarization seen in the action potential recordings was closely approximated by lengthening of the interval between the J point and the start of the T wave (the JTstart interval) on the ECG, whereas a prolongation of the late repolarization was paralleled by widening of the T wave upslope. Dofetilide, quinidine and procainamide induced a prominent slowing of the phase 3 repolarization in epicardium, leading to triangulation of the action potential. These effects were accompanied by a greater prolongation of the T wave upslope compared to the JTstart interval. Flecainide elicited a proportional prolongation of the initial and the late ventricular repolarization, and therefore failed to induce triangulation, based on analysis of both epicardial action potential and ECG profiles. Collectively, these findings suggest that the ratio between the durations of the T wave upslope and the JTstart interval may represent the ECG metric of the ventricular action potential triangulation induced by antiarrhythmic drugs.
Evaluación de funciones ejecutivas y procesamiento sensorial en el contexto escolar: Revisión sistemática
Authors: Rodríguez-Martínez María del Carmen , Calvente Barrero Eila , Romero Ayuso Dulce María
Published: May 2022

Las funciones ejecutivas y el procesamiento sensorial son dos elementos clave en el desarrollo del escolar y en el desempeño ocupacional. El propósito de este estudio es revisar los estudios sobre la evaluación de las funciones ejecutivas y el procesamiento sensorial en el ámbito escolar en la última década (2009-2019), para determinar la relación que existe entre el procesamiento sensorial y las funciones ejecutivas en los niños/as y su contribución a la evaluación desde terapia ocupacional. Para ello, se ha realizado una búsqueda en las bases de datos Pubmed, Dialnet, OTseeker, Cochrane Library, Scielo, Lilacs, Web of Science, Medline, IBECS y Scopus. El método utilizado ha seguido las directrices de la declaración PRISMA. La muestra final ha estado compuesta por un total de 15 artículos, que cumplían los criterios de inclusión y cuya calidad ha sido evaluada con las herramientas de evaluación crítica PEDro y STROBE. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los estudios utilizan herramientas estandarizadas para la evaluación de las funciones ejecutivas y el procesamiento sensorial, pero ambos se evalúan por separado, siendo útil la creación de instrumentos que los engloben. Asimismo, es necesario realizar estudios que incluyan la intervención del terapeuta ocupacional en el contexto escolar.
Keep It Green for Generations to Come: Trail Running Events and the Impact on the Environment
Authors: Grafnetterova Nikola
Published: May 2022

Trail running events, which are a form of adventure sport tourism, have been growing in popularity. However, with the influx of trail users, concerns prevail about the impact of these events on the natural environment. In general, sport and nature have a bidirectional relationship, and one cannot exist without the other. Therefore, for sport to remain an integral part of people’s lives and be preserved for future generations, it is imperative that all sport stakeholders, inclusive of patrons of sport and those managing it, accept their ethical responsibility toward nature and find ways to become more environmentally friendly. As such, it is important to educate future leaders of the sport industry about the importance of environmental sustainability and stewardship. Subsequently, this case allows students to (a) examine the relationship between sport and the environment, (b) reflect on how values shape the sport industry, (c) practice ethical decision making, (d) develop a code of conduct for a sport organization, and (e) craft a personal “leadership philosophy” statement.
Predicting Group II pulmonary hypertension: diagnostic accuracy of the H2FPEF and OPTICS scores in Scotland
Authors: Stubbs Harrison , MacLellan Alexander , McGettrick Michael , Jani Bhautesh , Brewis Melanie , Church Colin , Johnson Martin
Published: May 2022

Objective

Group II pulmonary hypertension (PH) can be challenging to distinguish from Group I PH without proceeding to right heart catheterisation (RHC). The diagnostic accuracy of the H2FPEF and OPTICS scores was investigated in Scotland.

Methods

Patients were included in the study if they were referred to the Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit between 2016 and 2020 and subsequently diagnosed with Group II PH or Group I PH which was either idiopathic, heritable or pulmonary veno-occlusive disease. The established cut offs for the H2FPEF and for the OPTICS scores were applied retrospectively to predict the presence of Group II PH. The diagnosis from the scores were compared with the MDT consensus diagnosis following RHC.

Results

107 patients with Group I PH and 86 patients with Group II PH were included. Retrospective application of the OPTICS score demonstrated that pretest scoring would detect 28% of cases with Group II PH yet at the cost of misdiagnosing 4% of patients with Group I as Group II PH (specificity 0.96). The H2FPEF score had a far greater sensitivity (0.70) yet reduced specificity (0.91), leading to misdiagnosis of 9% of Group I PH cases.

Conclusion

While the specificity of these scores was high, the lack of perfect specificity limits their utility as it results in missed patients with Group I PH. As a consequence, they cannot replace RHC as the means of diagnosing the aetiology of PH in their current form. The scores may still be used to support clinical judgement or to indicate the advisability for further provocative testing at RHC.
Impact of multicarbohydrase and phytase on apparent and standardized digestibility, energy, and nutrient balance in broilers fed sunflower meal
Authors: Araujo Robert Guaracy Aparecido Cardoso , Vela Connie Gallardo , Sartori José Roberto , Neto Messias Alves da Trindade
Published: May 2022

The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) (trial 1) and the apparent (AID) and standardized (SID) ileal digestibility of the amino acids (AAs) (trial 2) in sunflower meal (SM) were evaluated with the addition of exogenous multicarbohydrase (MC) and phytase (Phy). A total of 80 28-day-old broilers were allotted in a completely randomized design to receive treatments up to 35 days of age. A 2 × 2 factorial design was used to determine the enzyme effects, on the ATTD of dry matter, nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, and fibre, energy use, and the AID and SID of AA, in five replicate cages. Synergic effect was identified between MC and Phy on the ATTD of minerals and fibre. The same benefit occurred with the isolated inclusion of MC on the ATTD of dry matter, nitrogen, and energy of SM. The effects of enzyme inclusion on the AID and SID of AAs in SM, established by comparing the means, suggested a higher effect to the addition of MC + Phy combibation. Supplementation of MC or combination with MC and Phy was a viable alternative to increase the ATTD of nutrients and energy. The addition MC + Phy higher AID and SID of AA from SM.
Contributions of S-, P-, and D-wave resonances to the quasi-two-body decays $$B^{0}_{s} \rightarrow \psi (3686,3770)K \pi $$ in the perturbative QCD approach
Authors: Liu Wen , Yu Xian-Qiao
Published: May 2022

Based on the perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) approach and the quasi-two-body approximation, we have studied the three-body decays $$B^{0}_{s}\rightarrow \psi (3686,3770)K \pi $$

B
s
0

→
ψ

(
3686
,
3770
)

K
π

, which include the contributions of the intermediate resonances $$\overline{K }^{*}_{0}(1430)^{0}$$

K
¯

0

∗

(
1430
)

0

, $$\overline{K }^{*}(892)^{0}$$

K
¯

∗

(
892
)

0

, $$\overline{K }^{*}(1410)^{0}$$

K
¯

∗

(
1410
)

0

, $$\overline{K }^{*}(1680)^{0}$$

K
¯

∗

(
1680
)

0

, and $$\overline{K }^{*}_{2}(1430)^{0}$$

K
¯

2

∗

(
1430
)

0

. The time-like form factors corresponding to the distribution amplitudes of the S-, P-, and D-wave of the kaon–pion pair were adopted in parameterized form, and describe the interactions between $$K $$
K
and $$\pi $$
π
in the resonance region. First, the decays $$B^{0}_{s}\rightarrow \psi (2S,1D)K ^{-}\pi ^{+}$$

B
s
0

→
ψ

(
2
S
,
1
D
)

K
-

π
+

were calculated, followed by the calculation of the branching ratios of the decays $$B^{0}_{s}\rightarrow \psi (3686,3770)K ^{-}\pi ^{+}$$

B
s
0

→
ψ

(
3686
,
3770
)

K
-

π
+

using the 2S–1D mixing scheme. In addition, the pQCD predictions for the decays $$B^{0}_{s}\rightarrow \psi (2S,1D)K \pi $$

B
s
0

→
ψ

(
2
S
,
1
D
)

K
π

and $$B^{0}_{s}\rightarrow \psi (3686,3770)K \pi $$

B
s
0

→
ψ

(
3686
,
3770
)

K
π

were obtained using the narrow-width approximation relation given by the Clebsch–Gordan coefficients. Our work shows that the $$\overline{K }^{*}(892)^{0}$$

K
¯

∗

(
892
)

0

resonance is the main contributor to the total decay, and the branching ratio and the longitudinal polarization fraction of the $$\psi (2S)\overline{K }^{*}(892)^{0}$$

ψ

(
2
S
)

K
¯

∗

(
892
)

0

decay mode agree well with the currently available data within errors. Furthermore, the theoretical predictions of the $$\psi (2S)$$

ψ
(
2
S
)

and $$\psi (3686)$$

ψ
(
3686
)

decay modes are very close, indicating that they can be regarded as the same meson state. Finally, the pQCD predictions for branching ratios of decays $$B^{0}_{s}\rightarrow \psi (3686,3770)K \pi $$

B
s
0

→
ψ

(
3686
,
3770
)

K
π

are of the order of $$10^{-5}$$

10

-
5

and $$10^{-6}$$

10

-
6

, respectively, which can be verified using the ongoing LHCb and Belle II experiments.
Cosmic inflation of generalized Starobinsky model in f(R,ϕ) gravity
Authors: Younesizadeh Younes , Rezaie Asghar
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we investigate the inflationary cosmology in [Formula: see text] gravity by proposing different models of [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a noninteracting massive scalar field which is nonminimally coupled to gravity in the Jordan frame. In special cases of these models, we could reach the standard Starobinsky model. Further, we calculated the slow-roll parameters, scalar-to-tensor ratio, and spectral index for these models and compared them with observations. Our findings are located in the favorite area of Planck’s recent results. On the other hand, the discovery of the gravitational waves in the range of [Formula: see text] would rule out the Starobinsky model or even the nondiscovery of gravitational wave in this range [Formula: see text] by PICO. Our models, specifically the second one, might be the proper generalization for the Starobinsky model in this regard.
Hadron-quark phase transition at finite density in the presence of a magnetic field: Anisotropic approach
Authors: Ferrer E. J. , Hackebill A.
Published: May 2022

We investigate the hadron-quark phase transition at finite density in the presence of a magnetic field taking into account the anisotropy created by a uniform magnetic field in the system’s equations of state. We find a new anisotropic equilibrium condition that will drive the first-order phase transition along the boundary between the two phases. Fixing the magnetic field in the hadronic phase, the phase transition is realized by increasing the baryonic chemical potential at zero-temperature. It is shown that the magnetic field is mildly boosted after the system transitions from the hadronic to the quark phase. The magnetic-field discontinuity between the two phases is supported by a surface density of magnetic monopoles, which accumulate at the boundary separating the two phases. The mechanism responsible for the monopole charge density generation is discussed. Each phase is found to be paramagnetic with higher magnetic susceptibility in the quark phase. The connection with the physics of neutron stars is highlighted throughout the paper.
Nonlinear Optimal Feedback Control of the Two-Level Open Non-Markovian Stochastic Quantum System
Authors: Qamar Shahid , Cong Shuang , Li Kezhi , Dong Zhixiang , Shuang Feng
Published: May 2022

In this paper, a nonlinear optimal feedback control based on the nonlinear state estimator for a two-level open non-Markovian stochastic quantum system is proposed. The proposed nonlinear state estimator is designed by using the state-dependent differential Riccati equation and constructed to optimally estimate the state. The estimated state is updated by the output data of continuous weak measurement of the controlled quantum system and used to design the nonlinear state feedback controller to track the output of the reference model. The output state of reference model is chosen as the desired performance. The numerical simulation results verify the achievability of the proposed state feedback control strategy, and the capability to steer the state of system from any arbitrary initial state to the final reference target state with high state transfer success rate.
Using “evidence-based practice” to integrate physiological knowledge with practical application in an introductory undergraduate exercise physiology course
Authors: Lark Daniel S. , DeYoung Wendy
Published: May 2022

Critical thinking and scientific communication are common learning objectives in physiology education. However, a lack of real-world application can limit the transfer of these skills to professional settings. For example, health and wellness professionals are often asked to give advice to clients and patients regarding the use of nutritional supplements, diets, and exercise programs. Giving sound advice on these questions requires the ability to find, interpret, and communicate the evidence to support or reject the use of a given intervention. “Evidence-based practice” (EBP) provides a philosophical framework for combining personal experience, client/patient values, and scientific evidence to give informed advice in a professional setting. Here, we describe the development and implementation of a semester-long EBP project in an introductory exercise physiology course. We discuss how specific components of the project are designed to enhance classroom equity, improve scientific communication, and integrate course content with the student’s lived experience and personal interests.
Lightweight Security Wear Detection Method Based on YOLOv5
Authors: Liu Sitong , Zhang Nannan , Yu Guo
Published: May 2022

Given a large number of network parameters of the existing security wear detection, it is difficult to run on the embedded platform. Based on the idea of deep separable convolution, a lightweight security wearable target detection network based on improved YOLOv5 is proposed. Specifically, the feature extraction network structure of YOLOv5 is lightweight improved to reduce computation of the proposed model, including the increase of the number of network layers and decrease of the number of parameters. In addition, an attention mechanism is introduced to weigh different channels of the feature map to improve detection accuracy. The model has been tested on PASCAL VOC dataset and security wear dataset. The experimental results show that the size of the proposed model is 8.0 MB, the number of parameters is

7.5

∗

105

, and the number of FLOPs is

7.5

∗

105

. Compared with the YOLOv5 model, the required memory is reduced by 44.8%, and the number of parameters decreased by 45.58%, FLOPs decreased by 54.54%. Accordingly, the results have demonstrated that the proposed method can significantly improve the detection speed while maintain the accuracy. Especially, we have successfully deployed the proposed model in the high-speed detection of security wear.
Coordinated Optimization Control System of Big Data Intelligent Production Line
Authors: He Shi , Cao Guohua , Ma Guoqing , Duan Jingsong , Bai Jimeng
Published: May 2022

A mature coordinated and optimized control system can bring timeliness and benefits to the production line. This paper firstly exemplifies the big data intelligent production line coordination control system model and algorithm. They, respectively, include the intelligent production line coordination control system model, the big data intelligent coordination control model, and the hardware key electrical control system model of the air conditioning assembly big data intelligent production line, taking the tea production line as an example. The parameters of the coordinated control model are identified by the algorithm and system design, which considers and adjusts the functional requirements of the system to maintain the stable operation of the software system and store and transmit efficiently. To achieve efficient fit between functional requirements and modules, it created a complete assembly automation production line that meets actual needs. Then, the experiment of big data intelligent coordination and optimization control system based on cement clinker production line is carried out, and the intelligent coordination control system of cement clinker is designed. Compared with the data, it can be seen that in the coordinated control mode, the fluctuation of the temperature and pressure of the main steam is smaller, which can make the entire power generation system operate safely and stably. Based on the fuzzy control of the waste heat boiler and steam turbine load coordination control requirements, the reasonable coordination control of the boiler system and the generator set is carried out through fuzzy control, and the optimization and adjustment are carried out. Finally, the comparison and analysis of fuzzy control and traditional control experiments are carried out, and a coordinated optimization system using fuzzy control is obtained. It requires less feeding material, consumes less energy in the production process, generates more power, and can increase the average income by 4.87%, which has a good practical application prospect.
Polarization Characteristics of Electromagnetic Wave Sensing in Confined Space Based on Hybrid Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Hao
Published: May 2022

In order to make better use of electromagnetic waves in communication, navigation, and radar, this invention offers a feature of software to study the polarization of electromagnetic waves in a limited space based on a hybrid algorithm. Using the double Gaussian model, the polarization software model was developed according to vector analysis, and the characteristics of the software at different angles of electromagnetic polarization under the plasma sheath, different peak electron densities, and different collision frequencies were studied in

S

-band. The results show that at peak electron densities of 1017/m3 and collision frequencies of 0.01 GHz, 0.1 GHz, and 1 GHz, the reverse polarity angles are 53°, 76°, and 77°, respectively, and the higher the electron peak densities, the higher the ratio, and the more severe the degradation of the properties: at an angle of 60° to 1017/m3, 1018/m3, and 1019/m3, the axial ratio of the electron peak density is -1.1.dB, -6.2 dB and -10.1 dB, respectively; the greater the frequency of the electromagnetic wave than the frequency of the collision, the more severe the axial degradation of the electromagnetic wave as the frequency of the electromagnetic wave approaches its frequency corresponding to the maximum electron density. Relationship characteristics were as follows: 2.8 GHz frequency equal to 1017/m3 is the closest to 2.3 GHz electromagnetic frequency, and the axial ratio characteristics deteriorate and are more severe than other conditions; the heterologous medium designed in this paper has simple structure, thin thickness, and easy process preparation, which will have potential applications in radar stealth.
Diabetic Bone Disease and Diabetic Myopathy: Manifestations of the Impaired Muscle-Bone Unit in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Travis Callie , Srivastava Priya S. , Hawke Thomas J. , Kalaitzoglou Evangelia
Published: May 2022

Type 1 diabetes is associated with complications affecting muscle and bone, with diabetic bone disease and diabetic myopathy becoming increasingly reported in the past few decades. This review is aimed at succinctly reviewing the literature on the current knowledge regarding these increasingly identified and possibly interconnected complications on the musculoskeletal system. Furthermore, this review summarizes several nonmechanical factors that could be mediating the development and progression of premature musculoskeletal decline in this population and discusses preventative measures to reduce the burden of diabetes on the musculoskeletal system.
Sinus Bradycardia in an Adolescent Taking Lamotrigine
Authors: Davis Genevieve , Ward Kristen , Mohiuddin Sarah
Published: May 2022

Lamotrigine is commonly prescribed for the treatment of neurological conditions and is increasingly being prescribed for psychiatric conditions as well. Although largely well tolerated, it is known to have a number of potential side effects, and in March 2021, the FDA issued its most recent warning for the medication due to its increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias. In this report, we describe a case in which an adolescent patient was found to be bradycardic after starting lamotrigine for antidepressant augmentation, with a gradual return to normal heart rate as the medication was subsequently tapered and discontinued. Further research is needed to more accurately estimate the risk of cardiac side effects and to establish appropriate monitoring guidelines for cardiac arrhythmias in those taking lamotrigine.
Reverse Saturable Absorption in Substituted Hydrazones and Its
Structure-Property Relationship for Photonic Applications
Authors: Nair Vijayakumar Sadasivan , Kaniyarakkal Sharafudeen , Edappadikkunnummal Shiju , John Joicy , Palengara Sudheesh , Narendran Siji , Puthiyaveettil Suresh Thelakkadan , Palleschi Vincenzo
Published: May 2022

The third-order nonlinear optical properties of three hydrazone
derivatives, namely, ethyl
2-((2E)-2-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene]hydrazinyl)-5-nitrobenzoate,
ethyl
2-((2E)-2-(4-chlorobenzylidene)hydrazino)-5-nitrobenzoate,
and methyl
5-nitro-2-((2E)-2-(4-nitrobenzylidene)hydrazino)benzoate
were investigated by the single beam Z-scan technique with nanosecond laser
pulses at 532 nm. The compounds were doped into PMMA (poly (methyl
methacrylate)), and their third-order nonlinearity was studied with a
prospective of reaching a compromise between processability and high
nonlinear optical behavior. The optical limiting study of the samples was
carried out at 532 nm. The measured values of the third-order nonlinear
susceptibility, χ(3), and
the nonlinear refractive index,
n2, are of the order of
10−13 esu and 10−11 esu,
respectively. The nonlinear absorption in materials was attributed to
reverse saturable absorption. The results are quite promising for possible
applications in photonic devices.
Fast and Accurate Approach for DOA Estimation of Coherent Signals
Authors: Liu Yuhong , Cao Hui , Wu Yuntao , Wang Kehao
Published: May 2022

An algorithm for estimation of direction of arrival (DOA) based on QR decomposition is proposed for coherent signals in this paper. When coherent is present, the rank of the signal covariance matrix is generally less than the signal number, making the estimation of the signal or noise subspace inaccurate. Therefore, we need to eliminate the spatial covariance matrix rank loss. According to the idea of matrix reconstruction, we try to construct three different data matrices, one is the signal covariance matrix, the other is the eigenvector reconstruction matrix of the signal covariance matrix, and the other is reconstructed matrix with the addition of spatial smoothing technology. Based on the resulting data matrix, whereafter, QR decomposition with the iteratively weighted least squares (IWLS) as solver is proposed to reduce the computational complexity of DOA estimation. Compared with other existing algorithms, the simulation results show that our method has high accuracy and great increase in the computational efficiency.
Design and Implementation of Athlete’s Knee Health Monitoring System Based on Cloud Computing
Authors: Hao Zhenzhu
Published: May 2022

To learn about the health care of athletes in the knee joint, real-time to monitor the health of the human knee joint according to the cloud. The system uses a depth camera to collect the data information of the human lower limb alignment and obtains the spatial coordinate position of the human lower limb alignment through deep learning; then analyzes and processes the video sequence of the human lower limb alignment, including the wavelet function decomposition of the lower limb alignment information and reconstruction, and finally, the monitoring results were obtained by the knee joint scoring method. The system has completed the design of software and hardware and realized the method of extracting the coordinate information of the main joint points of the human body based on neural network. The health monitoring algorithm finally obtained the knee joint health status of the subjects through the evaluation system. By comparing the real health status of the subjects, the reliability of this research work was verified. The experiment shows that the monitoring error of the system is less than 10%, and the overall error is only 6%. The KSS standard score of the subjects is consistent with the monitoring and evaluation of the system, and the score trend is basically the same. For the situation that the overall score of the system is lower than the KSS standard, after communication and analysis with orthopaedic experts. It is speculated that it may be due to the subjective estimation of the subjects when measuring KSS, and the system monitoring algorithm is relatively strict and more objective. It is proved that the system designed in this paper can effectively monitor the health of athletes’ knee joint.
Rhodiola Rosea Extract Counteracts Stress in an Adaptogenic Response Curve Manner via Elimination of ROS and Induction of Neurite Outgrowth
Authors: Agapouda Anastasia , Grimm Amandine , Lejri Imane , Eckert Anne
Published: May 2022

Background. Sustained stress with the overproduction of corticosteroids has been shown to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to an oxidative stress state. Mitochondria are the main generators of ROS and are directly and detrimentally affected by their overproduction. Neurons depend almost solely on ATP produced by mitochondria in order to satisfy their energy needs and to form synapses, while stress has been proven to alter synaptic plasticity. Emerging evidence underpins that Rhodiola rosea, an adaptogenic plant rich in polyphenols, exerts antioxidant, antistress, and neuroprotective effects. Methods. In this study, the effect of Rhodiola rosea extract (RRE) WS®1375 on neuronal ROS regulation, bioenergetics, and neurite outgrowth, as well as its potential modulatory effect on the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway, was evaluated in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y and the murine hippocampal HT22 cell lines. Stress was induced using the corticosteroid dexamethasone. Results. RRE increased bioenergetics as well as cell viability and scavenged ROS with a similar efficacy in both cells lines and counteracted the respective corticosteroid-induced dysregulation. The effect of RRE, both under dexamethasone-stress and under normal conditions, resulted in biphasic U-shape and inverted U-shape dose response curves, a characteristic feature of adaptogenic plant extracts. Additionally, RRE treatment promoted neurite outgrowth and induced an increase in BDNF levels. Conclusion. These findings indicate that RRE may constitute a candidate for the prevention of stress-induced pathophysiological processes as well as oxidative stress. Therefore, it could be employed against stress-associated mental disorders potentially leading to the development of a condition-specific supplementation.
Correlation Analysis of Umbilical Cord Blood Metabolic Phenotype and Inflammation in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Overweight and Obesity
Authors: Chen Qiuling , Li Wenxia , Deng Yanxia , Li Yongqi , Huang Le , Zhao Liping , Li Hua
Published: May 2022

Background. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder in pregnancy. The incidence rate is increasing year by year, which seriously threatens the safety of maternal and infant. Obesity is a vital factor in inducing GDM. Pregnant women with GDM account for a large proportion of overweight and obese pregnant women. Our study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of differential metabolites on inflammation and find the intervention and management methods for GDM in overweight and obese pregnant women. Methods. Umbilical cord blood samples and placenta were collected from normal weight pregnant women with GDM (control group) and overweight and obese pregnant women with GDM (obesity group) for a comparative study. Serum inflammatory factors IL-10, TNF-α, IL-6, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and TLR4 expression were detected by ELISA. The expression levels of BCL-2 and caspase-3 were measured by Western blot. TUNEL staining was used to observe the apoptosis of placental villi. KEGG combined with metabolomics was used to compare the differences of metabolic maps between the two groups. Results. Compared with the control group, the level of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 in the cord blood was decreased in the obesity group, while the levels of proinflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, and LPS were increased. In the placental tissues, the obesity group had higher concentrations of LPS, TLR4, and caspase-3 and lower concentration of BCL-2. Placental villi in the obesity group were more likely to undergo apoptosis than the control group. Correlation analysis showed that the above metabolite concentrations were negatively correlated with TNF-α or LPS. Conclusion. Metabolites could control obesity in the process of controlling the occurrence and development of inflammation.
One- and Two-Sample Predictions Based on Progressively Type-II Censored Carbon Fibres Data Utilizing a Probability Model
Authors: El-Morshedy Mahmoud , El-Sagheer Rashad M. , El-Essawy Samah H. , Alqahtani Khaled M. , El-Dawoody Mohamed , Eliwa Mohamed S.
Published: May 2022

New Weibull-Pareto distribution is a significant and practical continuous lifetime distribution, which plays an important role in reliability engineering and analysis of some physical properties of chemical compounds such as polymers and carbon fibres. In this paper, we construct the predictive interval of unobserved units in the same sample (one sample prediction) and the future sample based on the current sample (two-sample prediction). The used samples are generated from new Weibull-Pareto distribution due to a progressive type-II censoring scheme. Bayesian and maximum likelihood approaches are implemented to the prediction problems. In the Bayesian approach, it is not easy to simplify the predictive posterior density function in a closed form, so we use the generated Markov chain Monte Carlo samples from the Metropolis-Hastings technique with Gibbs sampling. Moreover, the predictive interval of future upper-order statistics is reported. Finally, to demonstrate the proposed methodology, both simulated data and real-life data of carbon fibres examples are considered to show the applicabilities of the proposed methods.
Rapid Trace Detection of Pesticide Residues on Tomato by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Flexible Tapes
Authors: Tao Mingzhu , Fang Hui , Feng Xuping , He Yong , Liu Xiaoxi , Shi Yongqiang , Wei Yuzhen , Hong Zhiqi
Published: May 2022

The non-judicious use of pesticides in agro-food poses a severe threat to food safety and human health. As an emerging chromatographic fingerprint provider, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis (SERS) sheds bright light on sensitive and nondestructive detection of pesticide residues. This research proposed a novel strategy to detect three-pesticide residues (thiabendazole, carbendazim, and chlorpyrifos) on tomato peel based on the flexible and sticky SERS substrate. After selecting the best commercial adhesive tape (3M9080), the SERS substrate was constructed by optimizing the parameters in the preparation process of AuNPs. Therefore, a new simple “tape-wrapped SERS” way for pesticide residue analysis was established with a simple procedure of “absorption, separation, and drop addition.” Based on chemometrics method, the limit of semiquantitative detection was 20, 36, and 80 ng/cm2 for thiabendazole, carbendazim, and chlorpyrifos, respectively, on tomato surface, which indicated that the proposed method could meet the requirement of actual application with a large prospect in agro-food safety detection.
Persistence of Heteroclinic Cycles Connecting Repellers in Banach Spaces
Authors: Li Zongcheng
Published: May 2022

This paper is concerned with persistence of heteroclinic cycles connecting repellers in Banach spaces. It is proved that if a map with a regular and nondegenerate heteroclinic cycle connecting repellers undergoes a small perturbation, then the perturbed map can still have a regular and nondegenerate heteroclinic cycle connecting repellers. The perturbation rang is given by an explicit positive constant according to the properties of the original map. Hence, the perturbed map and the original map are simultaneously chaotic in the sense of both Devaney and Li‐Yorke. Especially, the persistence of heteroclinic cycles connecting repellers is also discussed in the Euclidean space, where the repellers can expand in different norms. Finally, three examples are provided to illustrate the validity of the theoretical results.
Landscape Evaluation of Forest Park Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Min Jiang , Pan Tianyang
Published: May 2022

Road ecological landscape construction is an important part of creating an ecological garden city, and it is also an indispensable link in urban garden landscape planning. Taking a national forest park in a certain area as the research object, using the analytic hierarchy process, taking into account the ecological and landscape benefits, we selected 6 parameters: carbon sequestration, dust retention, humidification, plant aesthetic benefits, plant ornamental benefits, and roadside landscape integration. The main indicators construct the forest park landscape resource quality evaluation system. The results show that the comprehensive evaluation score of the national forest park landscape resource quality in this area is 82.36 points, which is in line with the first-level standard in the evaluation system, indicating that the quality of the scenic resources in the park is high and it has unique tourism development value, which can scientifically and reasonably develop forest ecology tourism. In addition, the evaluation system proposed in this article can objectively reflect the value of the park’s ecological whirlpool and the basic conditions for carrying out ecotourism according to the key index factors that affect the quality of scenic resources and provide a scientific and reliable reference for the high-quality development of forest parks.
Analysis on Muscle Forces of Extrinsic Finger Flexors and Extensors in Flexor Movements with sEMG and Ultrasound
Authors: Lv Ying , Zheng Qingli , Chen Xiubin , Jia Yi , Hou Chunsheng , An Meiwen
Published: May 2022

The coupling relationship between surface electromyography (sEMG) signals and muscle forces or joint moments is the basis for sEMG applications in medicine, rehabilitation, and sports. The solution of muscle forces is the key issue. sEMG and Muscle-Tendon Junction (MTJ) displacements of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS), flexor digitorum profundus (FDP), and extensor digitorum (ED) were measured during five sets of finger flexion movements. Meanwhile, the muscle forces of FDS, FDP, and ED were calculated by the Finite Element Digital Human Hand Model (FE-DHHM) driven by MTJ displacements. The results showed that, in the initial position of the flexion without resistance, the high-intensity contraction of the ED kept the palm straight and the FDS was involved. The sEMG-force relationship of FDS was linear during the flexion with resistance, while FDP showed a larger sEMG amplitude than FDS, with no obvious linearity with its muscle forces. sEMG-MTJ displacement relationships for FDS and FDP were consistent with the trend of their own sEMG-force relationships. sEMG of ED decreased and then increased during the flexion with resistance, with no obvious linear relationship with muscle forces. The analysis of the proportion of muscle force and integrated EMG (iEMG) reflected the different activation patterns of FDS and ED.