bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rizoma e Educação Física Escolar: didatografias
Authors: Lopes João Pedro Goes , Vieira Rubens Antônio Gurgel
Published: April 2023

RESUMO O presente artigo, do tipo ensaístico, busca aproximar a filosofia de G. Deleuze e F. Guattari com o campo da Educação Física escolar. Para tanto, formula-se como problema a seguinte questão: quais as conexões entre o conceito de rizoma e a docência em Educação Física escolar? Defende-se que o conceito demonstra ter a funcionalidade de reorganizar as relações da docência, desde que amparado por um modo de atuação cartográfico – não entendido apenas como um método de pesquisa em educação. Propõe-se, ao final, o conceito de didatografia para defender algumas implicações que são remetidas a partir da operação do rizoma na Educação Física escolar.
Ageism in the Academic Career: a study with professors
Authors: Viana Lauro Oliveira , Helal Diogo Henrique
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Ageism is configured as discrimination against another person based on their age, occurring mainly in relation to the elderly. The phenomenon, despite being experienced by higher education teachers, is little studied in regards to Education, in Brazil. Seeking to contribute to the debate, this article aims to analyze ageism among professors at the Federal University of Piauí. Therefore, the Ageism Scale in the Organizational Context was applied to the professors, whose results were analyzed in a multivariate way (Exploratory Factor Analysis and multiple linear regression), in order to identify the predominant factors of ageism at the university. Two factors related to ageism were identified, one positive and one negative.
Flora of Espírito Santo: Hiraeoide and Malpighioide clades (Malpighiaceae)
Authors: Barros Paulo Henrique Dettmann , Almeida Rafael Felipe de , Dutra Valquíria Ferreira
Published: April 2023

Abstract This is a taxonomic treatment of four genera and eight species of the hiraeoide and malpighioide clades (Malpighiaceae) in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Hiraea and Mascagnia are the most diverse genera, with three species each, followed by Amorimia and Lophopterys, with one species each. Two species are listed as threatened: H. bullata and M. velutina. The main characteristics that can be used to identify the genera in Espírito Santo are epipetiolar or interpetiolar stipules, the indumentum on the branches, the inflorescence type, the number of elaiophores, and characteristics of the mericarps. Morphological descriptions, identification keys, taxonomic notes, geographic distribution maps, and photographic plates are provided for the species.
Renal deficit and associated factors in children born with low birth weight
Authors: Vale Marynéa Silva do , Marques Patrícia Franco , Cavalcante Milady Cutrim Vieira , Brito Mateus Noleto , Santos Alcione Miranda dos , Salgado-Filho Natalino , Duarte José Luiz M. B.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Kidney problems may be due to low birth weight alone or may occur in association with other conditions. The objective this study was to evaluate the association between maternal and birth characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and kidney function deficit in low birth weight infants. Methods: Cross-sectional study with children who were born weighing < 2500 grams and were under outpatient follow-up. Maternal factors investigated were prenatal care and presence of hypertension, diabetes, and infection during pregnancy. The children’s variables were sex, gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score, use of nephrotoxic medications, age, body weight at the time of evaluation, height, and serum creatinine and cystatin C dosages. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated with the combined Zapittelli equation. Multivariate logistic regression model was used for identification of associated factors, with renal function deficit (GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) as the dependent variable. Results: Of the 154 children evaluated, 34.42% had kidney function deficit. Most of them had a gestational age > 32 weeks (56.6%), a mean birth weight of 1439.7 grams, and mean estimated GFR of 46.9 ± 9.3 mL/min/1.73 m2. There was a significant association of GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 with children’s current weight and use of nephrotoxic drugs. Discussion: Children born with low birth weight had a high prevalence of kidney function deficit and current normal weight was a protective factor while the use of nephrotoxic drugs during perinatal period increased the chance of kidney deficit. These findings reinforce the need to evaluate the kidney function in these children, especially those who use nephrotoxic drugs.
Déficit renal e fatores associados em crianças nascidas com baixo peso
Authors: Vale Marynéa Silva do , Marques Patrícia Franco , Cavalcante Milady Cutrim Vieira , Brito Mateus Noleto , Santos Alcione Miranda dos , Salgado-Filho Natalino , Duarte José Luiz M. B.
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Introdução: Problemas renais podem ser devido apenas ao baixo peso ao nascer ou podem ocorrer em associação com outras condições. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a associação entre características maternas e de nascimento, medidas antropométricas e déficit da função renal em bebês de baixo peso ao nascer. Métodos: Estudo transversal com crianças que nasceram com peso < 2500 gramas e estavam sob acompanhamento ambulatorial. Os fatores maternos investigados foram cuidados pré-natal e presença de hipertensão, diabetes e infecção durante a gravidez. As variáveis das crianças foram sexo, idade gestacional, peso ao nascer, índice Apgar, uso de medicamentos nefrotóxicos, idade, peso corporal no momento da avaliação, altura e dosagens séricas de creatinina e cistatina C. A taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) foi estimada com a equação combinada de Zapittelli. Utilizou-se um modelo de regressão logística multivariada para identificação de fatores associados, com déficit da função renal (TFG < 60 mL/min/1,73 m2) como variável dependente. Resultados: Das 154 crianças avaliadas, 34,42% apresentaram déficit da função renal. A maioria tinha idade gestacional > 32 semanas (56,6%), peso médio ao nascer de 1439,7 gramas, e TFG média estimada de 46,9 ± 9,3 mL/min/1,73 m2. Houve uma associação significativa da TFG < 60 mL/min/1,73 m2 com o peso atual das crianças e o uso de medicamentos nefrotóxicos. Discussão: Crianças nascidas com baixo peso apresentaram alta prevalência de déficit da função renal e o peso atual normal foi um fator de proteção, enquanto o uso de medicamentos nefrotóxicos durante o período perinatal aumentou a chance de déficit renal. Estes achados reforçam a necessidade de avaliar a função renal destas crianças, especialmente aquelas que usam medicamentos nefrotóxicos.
International trends of orthodontic publications: A bibliometric observational study of the last decade (2011-2020)
Authors: ALMOTAIRY Nabeel
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: The number of published orthodontic studies has increased considerably over the past ten years. Objective: To analyze the bibliometric data of international orthodontic studies included in orthodontic journals encompassed by the Scopus database between 2011 and 2020, as well as to undertake data comparison between the period 2010-2015 and the period 2016-2020. Materials and methods: A retrospective search was conducted on 14 orthodontic journals included in the Scopus database from 2011 to 2020. Studies of both primary and secondary types were targeted by the search. The yearly number of studies published in the 14 journals, and the first 20 countries, institutions and their type (public/private), and authors, respectively, regarding publication volume, were presented. Results: Over the past ten years, the number of publications in the chosen journals reached 9200, where the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics and Angle Orthodontist topped the journal list, with 22% and 12% of the publications, respectively. Furthermore, the orthodontic publication volume showed a declining trend by the end of the decade (-9%), where academic/public institutions produced most of the orthodontic studies, and the US (20%), Brazil (17%), and South Korea (8%) topped the countries with the most orthodontic studies. A comparison of the two halves of the decade revealed that orthodontic research exhibited an increasing trend in developing nations, especially Egypt (104%), Saudi Arabia (88%), and Iran (83%). Conclusion: The orthodontic studies published in the chosen journals over the past ten years showed a dynamic change in yearly publication and ranking of countries, institutions, and authors.
Effect of an aqueous 4% titanium tetrafluoride solution on preventing caries in orthodontic patients: a controlled clinical trial
Authors: CHEVITARESE Ana Beatriz , LEITE Karla Lorene de França , DUTRA Paulo Bechara , PITHON Matheus Melo , FARIA Lucianne Cople Maia , RUELLAS Antônio Carlos de Oliveira
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) is a fluoride compound that, when is applied over enamel, promotes a protection against demineralization through a titanium dioxide (TiO2) acid-resistant coat. Objectives: This study sought to verify the hypothesis that a single application of 4% TiF4 increases the resistance of enamel to dental demineralization in orthodontic patients. Materials and Methods: This controlled clinical trial followed CONSORT guidelines and investigated the prevention of enamel demineralization, fluoride retention, and the presence of a Ti layer after TiF4 application on banded teeth exposed to clinical cariogenic biofilm. Forty premolars were divided into a control group (CG; n = 20) and a test group (TG; n = 20). Teeth from both groups received prophylaxis and orthodontic bands with a cariogenic locus. In the TG, all teeth additionally underwent aqueous 4% TiF4 solution application after prophylaxis before being banded. After one month, teeth from both groups were extracted and prepared to assess the microhardness, fluoride retention, and evaluation of the Ti coating over the enamel surface. All data were analyzed with a paired Student’s t-test (p<0.05). Results: Enamel microhardness and fluoride uptake were higher in TG than in CG, while the Ti layer could be seen over TG teeth that received TiF4 application. Conclusion: Under clinical circumstances, the 4% aqueous TiF4 solution was effective in preventing enamel mineral loss through increasing the enamel resistance to dental demineralization, enhancing its microhardness and fluoride uptake, and forming a Ti coat.
Entre a Educação Física e os esportes modernos: circulação de saberes sobre práticas higienistas na Escola Superior de Agricultura de Viçosa (1940-1948)
Authors: Milagres Pedro de Oliveira , Baia Anderson da Cunha
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Objetivamos analisar a circulação de saberes sobre práticas higienistas, tomando como eixo as práticas corporais em um periódico estudantil da Escola Superior de Agricultura de Viçosa, em Minas Gerais (1940-1948). Para isso, tomamos como referência a operação historiográfica na produção de documentos, anunciada por Certeau (2015). Observamos que os pressupostos higienistas assumiram uma dupla função: veicular saberes sobre os cuidados do corpo em conformidade às pretensões dos higienistas brasileiros; e incentivar o uso das práticas corporais como uma ferramenta de cuidado higiênico. Consideramos que os saberes sobre as práticas buscavam circular uma formação higiênica moderna por meio da Educação Física e dos esportes, em favor do progresso nacional.
Políticas públicas de enfrentamento ao trabalho infantil: desafios para atenção integral em saúde e intersetorialidade
Authors: Sousa Noelia Kally Marinho de , Mazza Verônica de Azevedo , Khalaf Daiana Kloh , Lapierre Judith , Piosiadlo Laura Christina Macedo
Published: April 2023

Resumo Este estudo objetiva analisar os atos normativos para combate ao trabalho infantil sancionados no Brasil entre 1990 e 2018. Pesquisa exploratório-descritiva em base documental e de natureza qualitativa. Foram incluídos 102 documentos: atos normativos publicados no Brasil dos anos de 1990 a 2018, que abordam o enfrentamento ao trabalho infantil. Os dados foram agrupados em uma matriz de análise, organizada por: tipo de ato normativo, ano de publicação, origem ministerial, observando-se os períodos políticos. Os resultados expressam diferenças significativas na formulação das políticas públicas, como ausência de atos normativos no setor de saúde na década de 1990, época em que o Sistema Único de Saúde se estruturava. Mudança no foco de investimento, da educação e transferência de renda para o Programa Bolsa Família, aumentando a responsabilização das famílias. As políticas de formação profissional, apesar de serem reconhecidas como instrumentos de combate ao trabalho infantil, apresentam contradições, pois preconizam uma atuação para atender aos interesses econômicos vigentes. Este modelo de construção e atuação se reflete na relação entre os diversos campos de políticas públicas para o enfrentamento do trabalho infantil, causando limitações nas práticas intersetoriais e na integralidade da atenção voltada para crianças e adolescentes.
Distanciamento social em contextos urbanos na pandemia de Covid-19: desafios para o campo da saúde mental
Authors: Bosi Maria Lúcia Magalhães , Alves Erinaldo Domingos
Published: April 2023

Resumo Neste artigo, analisamos o distanciamento social, principal ação preventiva na pandemia de Covid-19, como fenômeno que ultrapassa sua demarcação como medida sanitária, revelando-se como experiência humana desdobrada em sofrimentos psíquicos diversos, desafiando sob muitas formas o campo da saúde mental. Situamos essa problemática no cenário brasileiro, periférico no capitalismo globalizado, contextualizado na hipermodernidade, no qual sobressai o modo de vida urbano, marcado por desigualdades e produtor de vulnerabilidades que se evidenciam no combate à pandemia, expressandose em sofrimentos e transtornos que desafiam o campo da saúde mental coletiva. Apontamos reflexões e subsídios para a ampliação desse campo, sob uma perspectiva crítica e complexa, concernentes à produção de conhecimentos e do cuidado, focalizando a urbanidade como dimensão analítica central na compreensão do distanciamento. Ilustramos com alguns desafios e também possibilidades de reinvenção em saúde mental, no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19, focalizando tanto ações voltadas à esfera coletiva, em escala macro, na rede pública de saúde, como nos encontros constitutivos do processo de cuidado, buscando subsidiar uma clínica ampliada nesse contexto.
Medicalização do sofrimento psíquico na Atenção Primária à Saúde em um município do interior do Ceará
Authors: Santos Jomábia Cristina Gonçalves dos , Cavalcante Dimas Sampaio , Vieira Camilla Araújo Lopes , Quinderé Paulo Henrique Dias
Published: April 2023

Resumo Este trabalho objetiva discutir como o fenômeno da medicalização do sofrimento psíquico se apresenta no discurso e na prática dos profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Foram realizadas observações sistemáticas e entrevistas semidiretivas com sete trabalhadores do município de Iguatu, Ceará, Brasil. A análise dos dados foi feita através da Análise de Conteúdo, de Bardin. Os resultados apontaram para uma centralidade no uso de medicação para atender o sofrimento psíquico que chega às unidades de saúde. Os profissionais discorreram sobre o medicamento enquanto uma estratégia rápida e eficiente, que, em consonância com a literatura pesquisada, pode ser utilizada como um dispositivo de controle do sujeito em adoecimento psíquico. Considera-se possível mobilizar, junto aos profissionais, espaços de discussão que apontem para o cuidado da pessoa com sofrimento psíquico através do uso de tecnologias leves, como escuta, vínculo e diálogo.
Conhecimento e aplicabilidade da classificação familiar como estratégia de enfrentamento às iniquidades: a experiência do trabalhador da saúde
Authors: Fracon Belkiss Rolim Rodrigues , Ribeiro Luciana Cisoto , Ferreira Janise Braga Barros , Santos Luciane Loures dos
Published: April 2023

Resumo Modelo de estudo: Estudo descritivo qualitativo. Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento e a aplicabilidade da classificação familiar pelos trabalhadores da Estratégia Saúde da Família como estratégia de enfrentamento das iniquidades em saúde. Metodologia: Foram entrevistados 35 trabalhadores e realizada análise temática. Resultados: A maioria (91%) conhecia as Classificações das Famílias, utilizava alguma estratégia de priorização da assistência e 52% as aplicavam na prática. Cinco núcleos de sentido formaram o Grande Tema “A experiência dos profissionais de saúde na utilização da Classificação das Famílias”. As principais vantagens foram a identificação de vulnerabilidades favorecendo a priorização do cuidado e do acesso e as dificuldades relacionadas à falta de tempo, desconhecimento e inexperiência em sua utilização. Conclusão: As Classificações das Famílias facilitam a identificação de famílias vulneráveis e favorecem uma atenção mais equânime.
“Social malaise... demonic agitation:” anarchism according to the criminology of the French physician Alexandre Lacassagne
Authors: Benevides Bruno Corrêa de Sá e
Published: April 2023

Abstract This article analyzes the way anarchism and its followers were understood in L’assassinat du président Carnot, by the French physician Alexandre Lacassagne. A few months before the book was published, in June 1894, the president of France, Sadi Carnot, had been killed by the Italian anarchist Sante Geronimo Caserio. Lacassagne was called upon to perform the autopsy of Carnot’s body and a psychiatric examination of Caserio. The results of these two analyses were published in the aforementioned book. He made his observations on the anarchist in the broader context of criminological debates pursued in the late nineteenth century, which were not restricted solely to the authors of Italian criminology.
Clasificando mujeres: diagnósticos psiquiátricos y subjetividad femenina en el Manicomio Provincial de Málaga, España, 1909-1950
Authors: García-Díaz Celia , Jiménez-Lucena Isabel
Published: April 2023

Resumen Las historias clínicas de manicomios de mujeres permiten ahondar en la brecha que se abre entre la ilusión positivista de la psiquiatría durante la primera mitad del siglo XX en España y la vivencia subjetiva del internamiento psiquiátrico de las mujeres-locas doblemente subalternas. Las clasificaciones diagnósticas fueron claves en este intento de positivización. El objetivo de este trabajo es señalar qué elementos subjetivantes participaron en la aplicación de diagnósticos como esquizofrenia, psicopatía y oligofrenia en la sala de mujeres del Manicomio Provincial de Málaga, y mostrar cómo el ideal hegemónico de feminidad estableció un límite permeable entre la cordura y la locura de las mujeres, entre asimilaciones y resistencias.
The Colombian Healthy Child Contest: in search of Latin America’s “ideal child” in the 1930s
Authors: Peláez Iván Darío Olaya
Published: April 2023

Abstract This article analyzes healthy child contests as a medical and socio-political strategy implemented in Latin America to protect childhood, thus ensuring the future of the “race” and the nation. These contests blended degeneration, racial theories, and state interventionism and gained momentum in the 1930s with the rise of eugenics. This article examines the contest in Colombia, which was implemented under the Liberal Republic (1930-1946); even though this competition was defined by its national context, a broader international perspective improves understanding. Questions are also raised about the efforts of the Liberal government to strengthen the idea of national identity through education and health programs.
Embracing the cordillera: Luis Carranza Ayarza and the development of environmental imaginaries in late-nineteenth-century Peru
Authors: Palomo José Ignacio Mogrovejo
Published: April 2023

Abstract This article examines the relationship between local scientific ideas about the natural world and the economic potential to transform the modern nation-state in Peru during the late nineteenth century. Writings by the Peruvian scientist Luis Carranza indicate how support for a distinctive environmental imaginary of the country’s geography made it possible to conceptualize nature as an essential component of Peruvian identity. As a result, local scientists had to “imaginatively” reshape the nature of the Andes for modernization purposes. The social and political ramifications of these ideas in Carranza’s work were key to the foundation of scientific institutions such as the Geographical Society of Lima.
Trópico e fronteira na obra de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda
Authors: Feldman Luiz
Published: April 2023

Resumo De meados dos anos 1930, com Raízes do Brasil , a meados dos anos 1960, com O extremo Oeste , Sérgio Buarque de Holanda descreve um importante câmbio em seu entendimento sobre o espaço brasileiro. Inicialmente, em um diálogo muito próximo com Gilberto Freyre, o autor concebe o país a partir da noção de trópico, espaço fluido onde Portugal pode ser recriado pelo estreito vínculo com o oceano. Em Monções e Caminhos e fronteiras , o historiador desenvolve uma visão deliberadamente oposta àquela, na qual o país é concebido pela noção de fronteira, espaço áspero onde a plasticidade do adventício alcança o seu limite. Jaime Cortesão e sua tese da ilha-Brasil tornam-se os alvos invariáveis de crítica nessa etapa.
Tropics and frontier in the writing of Sérgio Buarque de Holanda
Authors: Feldman Luiz
Published: April 2023

Abstract From the mid-1930s, with Raízes do Brasil , to the mid-1960s, with O extremo Oeste , Sérgio Buarque de Holanda undergoes a significant change in his understanding of Brazilian space. Initially, in a close dialogue with Gilberto Freyre, the author conceives the country drawing on the notion of the tropics, a fluid space where Portugal could be recreated through the bond with the ocean. In Monções and Caminhos e fronteiras , the historian develops a deliberately opposed vision, conceiving the country from the notion of frontier, a rough space where a foreigner’s adaptability reaches its limit. In this phase, Jaime Cortesão and his thesis of Brazil-island became an invariable target of criticism.
Discovery of drugs to combat covid-19 inspired by traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Huang Jianan
Published: April 2023

Abstract Contributions from traditional knowledge and history have proven useful in recent years to advance drug discovery. In response to the emergence of covid-19, scientists revisited traditional Chinese medicine. This source of inspiration for drugs to treat this new disease is described here at three different levels: traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, traditional Chinese medical formulas, and traditional Chinese medical texts. Drug discovery inspired by traditional Chinese medicine still faces serious resistance for various reasons, including its system of formulas and clinical trial design. A perspective that includes related issues would benefit the reasonable application of traditional knowledge in drug research and development.
Remoção de nutrientes em lagoas de polimento de bateladas sequenciais no pós-tratamento do efluente de reator UASB
Authors: Morais Carlos Eduardo Pereira de , Haandel Adrianus van , Santos Silvânia Lucas dos
Published: April 2023

Resumo O lançamento indiscriminado de nutrientes em corpos hídricos pode levar ao processo de eutrofização desses corpos. Assim, deve-se buscar a remoção prévia de nitrogênio e fósforo. Uma alternativa que pode desempenhar satisfatoriamente esse papel são as lagoas de polimento de bateladas sequenciais (LPBS) no pós-tratamento de upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), uma vez que nessas lagoas o pH tende a se elevar, podendo acarretar a dessorção de amônia e precipitação de fósforo. Portanto, o presente trabalho objetivou aprofundar o estudo de UASB + LPBS abordando a importância do pH na remoção de nitrogênio e fósforo e avaliar a influência da profundidade e da temperatura no tempo de detenção hidráulica (TDH). Operou-se LPBS por 12 meses, na cidade de Campina Grande (PB), compreendendo os períodos quente (PQ) e frio (PF), com temperatura média de 25 e 21°C, nessa ordem, e avaliando quatro lagoas, L1, L2, L3 e L4, com profundidades de 0,2, 0,4, 0,6 e 1 m, respectivamente. O tratamento anaeróbio eficiente permitiu a elevação do pH nas LPBS em todos os períodos do ano, e o processo foi favorecido em menores profundidades. A remoção de amônia foi completa, independentemente da profundidade e do período do ano, com três, sete, 10 e 25 dias para o PQ e seis, 14, 18 e 27 dias para o PF. A remoção de fósforo ocorreu eficientemente, sobretudo quando se utilizaram lagoas mais rasas em ambos os períodos, embora o processo tenha sido favorecido no PQ, resultando em um menor TDH, o que demanda menor área nesse período.
Modelagem bayesiana da precipitação máxima de Petrópolis (RJ) e Poços de Caldas (MG)
Authors: Silva Sandra Valéria Coelho da , Ferreira Thales Rangel , Avelar Fabricio Goecking , Liska Gilberto Rodrigues , Muniz Joel Augusto , Beijo Luiz Alberto
Published: April 2023

Resumo As cidades de Petrópolis (RJ) e Poços de Caldas (MG) estão situadas em regiões serranas de seus respectivos estados e sofrem frequentemente com estragos provocados por fortes chuvas. Analisar e prever a ocorrência de precipitações máximas nessas localidades são fundamentais para o planejamento de atividades vulneráveis à sua ocorrência. A modelagem dessa variável é feita geralmente com distribuição generalizada de valores extremos (GEV), e a metodologia bayesiana tem apresentado bons resultados na estimação de seus parâmetros. Sendo assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivos ajustar a distribuição GEV às séries históricas de precipitação máxima de Petrópolis e Poços de Caldas e avaliar diferentes estruturas de distribuições a priori, informativas e não informativas, na predição da precipitação máxima esperada para diferentes tempos de retorno. Foram analisados o número de acertos e a precisão a fim de avaliar as previsões obtidas com as informações advindas das precipitações máximas de diferentes localidades para eliciação da distribuição a priori. A obtenção das distribuições marginais a posteriori foi realizada usando-se o método Monte Carlo via cadeias de Markov. A utilização da distribuição a priori informativa fundamentada nos dados de Poços de Caldas foi mais precisa e teve maior número de acertos para predizer as precipitações máximas para Petrópolis, enquanto para Poços de Caldas foi a priori informativa com base nas informações de São João da Boa Vista (SP). Para ambas as localidades, espera-se que, em um tempo médio de cinco anos, ocorra pelo menos um dia com precipitação máxima igual ou superior a 100 mm.
Microfauna in the activated sludge treatment of the effluent from a soybean processing industry: a form of evaluation and control of the process
Authors: Seidel Laura Borges , Carli Eliane Maria de , Santos Bianca Kovalski dos , Dornelas Karoline Carvalho , Bongiovani Milene Carvalho
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Wastewater treatment system by activated sludge, the purification of the organic matter by specific heterogeneous microorganisms, occurs in the presence of oxygen in aeration tanks. The analysis of the microfauna present in the sludge is an important indicator of the performance and efficiency of the activated sludge system. Considering this importance, the objective of this work was to identify the microorganisms which are part of the microfauna present in the aeration tank of the effluent treatment plant of a soybean processing industry in the state of Mato Grosso, evaluating the biological activity of the sludge and the efficiency of the process. Protozoa and bacteria were identified through electronic microscopy and physical-chemical analyses such as pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, BOD, COD, suspended solids, and SVI. During the study, it was possible to identify bacteria related to flake formation, organic matter degradation, nitrification and denitrification, and also microorganisms such as thecamoebas, micrometazoa, fixed ciliates and ciliates free natantes, characterizing the process with good purification and the structure of the sludge flakes between ideal and filamentous bulking with a high sludge age. The identification of the microfauna present was efficient as a bioindicator of the treatment system condition with removal of BOD and COD of 59.75 and 67.09%, respectively.
Surface water quality in rural communities in the state of Goiás during the dry season and its relationship with land use and occupation
Authors: Morais Lidiane Santana de , Chagas Isabella Cristina Gonçalves de Carvalho , Silva Débora Pereira da , Scalize Paulo Sérgio
Published: April 2023

Abstract Different land uses and occupations can influence water quality and affect the lives of the population, especially of people who live in rural areas. Because rural populations live under conditions of socio-environmental vulnerability, it is necessary to monitor the quality of water resources to prevent diseases. This work aimed to analyze surface water quality in rural and traditional communities in the state of Goiás through the Bascarán Water Quality Index (WQIB) to evaluate the effects of the predominant land use and occupation of each location. Raw water samples were collected from specific points during the dry season. The presence of pesticides was verified through chromatographic analysis, without quantification, and 11 physical-chemical and microbiological parameters were assessed according to standard methods. The results showed that the WQIB ranged in quality from “good” to “pleasant”. Classification as “pleasant” was statistically related to a high incidence of pasture area (> 80%) and classification as “good” with a percentage of agriculture below 30%. The main land uses and occupations were forest, pasture and agriculture. The apparent parameters color, thermotolerant coliforms and dissolved oxygen also indicated contamination of water courses. The detection of pesticides with a high degree of toxicity in the analyzed water resources, mainly in two rivers (the Facada and Sucuapara creeks), put human health at risk in rural areas, even under conditions of small exposure. Carbofuran, banned since 2017, was detected near the Itacaiú community, making it necessary to alert the local government, residents and tourists who use the Araguaia River for different purposes.
Advances in Current Drugs and Formulations for the Management of Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Atluri Keerthi , Manne Srikanth , Nalamothu Vijendra , Mantel Alon , Sharma Purnendu K. , Babu R. Jayachandra
Published: April 2023

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathophysiology. Treatment of AD remains challenging owing to the presence of a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes and limited response to existing therapies. However, recent genetic, immunological, and pathophysiological insights into the disease mechanism resulted in the invention of novel therapeutic drug candidates. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current therapies and assesses various novel drug delivery strategies currently under clinical
investigation. Further, this review majorly emphasizes on various topical treatments including emollient therapies, barrier repair agents, topical corticosteroids (TCS), phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors, calcineurin inhibitors, and Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway inhibitors. It also discusses biological and systemic therapies, upcoming treatments based on ongoing clinical trials. Additionally, this review scrutinized the use of pharmaceutical inactive ingredients in the approved topical dosage forms for AD treatment.
Machine learning to enhance the management of highway pavements and bridges
Authors: Bashar Mohammad Z , Torres-Machi Cristina
Published: April 2023

The adoption of machine learning in transportation asset management is hindered by the perception of it being a black box, the natural resistance to change and the challenges of integration with existing management systems. This paper aims to enhance the understanding of machine learning and provide guidance for the development and implementation of machine learning to support decision making in the management of highway pavements and bridges. The paper identifies successful research efforts using machine learning, identifies opportunities and challenges in adopting machine learning and derives recommendations on when and how to apply different machine learning algorithms to support asset-management decisions. Four main challenges were identified: the trade-off between accuracy and interpretability, the shortage of machine learning engineers, data quality and the limitations of machine learning algorithms. Although the complexities associated with training machine learning algorithms challenge short-term implementation, machine learning offers a wide range of opportunities when compared with traditional approaches. The development of hybrid systems combining machine learning algorithms with expert opinions and traditional approaches seems a reasonable step forward to support agencies’ asset-management decisions.
Assessment of Different Growing Media on Cut Flower Performance of Two Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus) Cultivars
Authors: KARAGÜZEL Ümmü Özgül
Published: April 2023

One of the most important problems encountered in the cultivation of cut flower gladiolus is soil-borne diseases and pests. This problem substantially reduces flower yield and quality. Soilless culture is very limited for gladiolus and it has not been studied extensively. The characteristics of the growing media used in soilless culture either directly or indirectly affect yield and quality. Therefore, it is quite essential to determine the appropriate growing media in cut flower cultivation. At the same time good flower production usually depends upon various factors including the type of growing media used. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of two different gladiolus varieties (Gladiolus grandiflorus L. cv. “Purple Flora” and “Ibadan”) and six different growing media (peat+pumice: 1:1, v/v; peat+perlite: 1:1, v/v; rice hull+pumice: 1:2, v/v; coarse sand+peat: 2:1, v/v; soil; and cocopeat) on the some quality parameters of gladiolus in in Batı Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute (BATEM), Antalya, Türkiye. Quality parameters (stem length, flower stem diameter, stem weight, flowering time, number of florest) were significantly (p < 0.01) affected by the different growing media and cultivars. Among the growing media, the earliest flowering time (77.8 days) and the longest stem length (128.0 cm) were determined in peat+perlite, whereas the largest number of florets (15.0 florets spike-1) were recorded in peat+pumice. Regarding the varieties, Purple Flora (84.7 days) flowered earlier than Ibadan (102.7 days), while Ibadan displayed more superior characteristics in terms of the other parameters.
Strengthening the biokinetics workforce for improved services: A human resources for health review from 2000 to 2020
Authors: Tiwari Ritika , Grobbelaar Heinrich Wilhelm , Vermaak Candace , Chikte Usuf
Published: April 2023

Background: Biokinetics is a South African (SA) health profession within the private health care sector. Biokineticists register with the Health Professions Council of SA (HPCSA).
Objectives: To describe the demographic trends of HPCSA registered biokineticists from 2000 to 2020 to understand the supply and status of human resources for health within the profession.
Methods: The following data were collected and analysed: i) health personnel category, ii) geographical location, iii) age, iv) sex, and v) population category.
Results: The number of HPCSA registered biokineticists grew from 136 in 2000, to 1831 in January 2020 (67.8% women, 32.2% men). There was a sharp decline in numbers after the age of 45 years. The Western Cape (5.8) and Gauteng (5.1) provinces had the most biokineticists per 100 000 of the population, whilst smaller provinces like Kwazulu-Natal (1.6), Mpumalanga (1.6), North-West (1.6) and Limpopo (0.9) lagged. The demographic profile of registered Biokineticists changed steadily from 2000 to 2020. Registered biokineticists classified as White decreased from 91.6% to 80.4%, whilst substantial increases were observed among Black (5.0% to 8.3%), Coloured (0.02% to 5.3%) and Indian/Asian (0.02% to 6.0%) biokineticists. Thirteen tertiary institutions offered Biokinetics programmes in 2022. Seven offered the 3+1-year (Honours) programme and six have migrated to a 4-year professional degree.
Conclusion: The profession is well established, growing, and dominated by women. The demographic profile has transformed steadily; however, the need to transform the profession remains strong. Strengthening investments aimed at the employment of biokineticists in the public health sector may serve as a key turning point for healthcare workforce planning.
Human metagenomics protocols Payami lab v1
Authors: Payami Haydeh
Published: April 2023

This is a collection of protocols that details the entire process of conducting a human microbiome study from start to end. It includes (1) consent form, to enroll subjects with permission to store and share data (2) data collection protocols designed to be self-administered by subjects (Environmental & Family History Questionnaire, Gut Microbiome Questionnaire, instructions for saliva collection, and instructions for stool collection), (3) codes for bioinformatics and statistical data analysis, (4) workflow at a glance created according to STORM guidelines and (5) final product, the manuscript, which describes the whole process from start to end using metagenomics of Parkinson’s disease implicates the gut microbiome in multiple disease mechanisms.
Değirmendere Sualtı Topluluğunun Engellilere Yönelik Yapmış Olduğu Sualtı Dalış Faaliyetinin Engellilerin Kapasite Yoksunluğuna Etkisi
Authors: ÇOTUR Hüseyin , YENİHAN Doç. Dr. Bora
Published: April 2023

1980’li yıllarda uygulanan neo-liberal politikalar nedeniyle Sivil Toplum Kuruluşlarının yapmış oldukları faaliyetler önem kazanmış Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları sosyal dayanışma, sosyal yardım ve yoksulluk yardımları gibi pek çok önemli faaliyette bulunmuşlardır. Kocaeli bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren bir Sivil Toplum Kuruluşu olan Değirmendere Sualtı Topluluğu (DESSAT) sosyal sorumluluk kapsamında dezavantajlı kesim olarak nitelendirilen engellilere yönelik 2011-2013 yılları arasında SCUBA dalış eğitimi faaliyetinde bulunmuştur.

Bu çalışmada; DESSAT’ın yapmış olduğu SCUBA dalış eğitimlerinin engellilerin kapasite yoksunluğuna etkileri, eğitmenlerin ve dalış faaliyetine katılan engellilerin deneyimleri ve gözlemleri incelenerek belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı engellilerin kapasite yoksunluğunu azaltma faaliyetlerinde Sivil Toplum Kuruluşlarının rolleri konusuna dikkat çekerek farkındalık yaratmak, SUCUBA dalış eğitimi faaliyetinin engellilerin kapasiteleri yoksunlukları üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmak ve görüş/önerilerde bulunmaktır. Çalışma nitel bir çalışma olup tematik analiz tekniği kullanılarak yapılmıştır. SCUBA dalış eğitimi faaliyetinin engellilerin kapasite yoksunluklarına etkisinin belirlenmesi maksadıyla dalış eğitmenleri ve sualtı dalışı yapan engellilerle derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda engelliler ve eğitmenlerle yapılan derinlemesine görüşmelerden elde edilen bilgiler değerlendirilmiş değerlendirme sonucunda SCUBA dalış faaliyetinin engellilerin sosyalleşmesine, toplum içerisindeki diğer faaliyetlere katılmasında, kendilerini mutlu ve huzurlu hissetmelerine, özgüvenlerinin artırılmasına, yapabilirlik olarak engellerinin ortadan kaldırılmasına önemli oranda katkısı sağladığı tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Engelli, Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları, Kapasite Yoksunluğu, Yoksulluk, SCUBA.
Perception of Ergonomic Safety Training among School Teachers in Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors:   Faculty of Earth Science, University Malaysia Kelantan, Che Hassan Nurul Husna , Ismail Ahmad Rasdan ,   Faculty of Creative Technology and Heritage, University Malaysia Kelantan, Hamzah Noor Adilah ,   Faculty of Creative Technology and Heritage, University Malaysia Kelantan, Makhtar Nor Kamilah ,   Institute of Teacher Education Campus Kota Bharu, Sulaiman Muhammad Azwadi ,   Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, University Malaysia Kelantan, Satrya Aryana ,   Faculty of Economy and Bussiness, University of Indonesia
Published: April 2023

Ergonomic safety is one of the most important issues in many working sectors and this includes educational institutions especially school. It is important to get the information on the teachers’ perception of ergonomic safety training. Thus, the researcher manages to identify the suitable methods to prevent more ergonomic problem among teachers in future. Aim of this study was to analyze teachers’ perception on ergonomic safety in school and at the same time measured the training requirements on ergonomic safety. Ergonomic safety training in school is important in order to improve good body posture. Survey questionnaires were distributed to 400 teachers. 111 schools randomly selected from the 10 District Education Offices from whole state of Kelantan, Malaysia. Results were then analyzed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 24. Most of the respondents involved in this research are female with the percentage of 68%. Descriptive analysis showed that more than half of respondents understood about ergonomic safety, 78% of them possessed basic safety knowledge and 22% of them lacked on the basic understanding of safety. Interestingly most of the respondents agreed that ergonomic safety should be included in occupational safety and health training in school. It is suggested that all teacher must undergo ergonomic safety training to promote and improve ergonomic safety in school. Higher awareness and more information about ergonomic safety will help teachers teach their students about the importance of ergonomic safety and create a safer environment in their school. As for the conclusion, teachers and students having an important role to ensure ergonomic safety and their commitment will help in reducing the number of ergonomic problems in school.
Managing Voltage Fluctuation Issues in Distribution System Connected with Distributed Generation Using Decentralized Power Factor Control
Authors:   Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Malaysia, Tengku Hashim Tengku Juhana , Dahalan Nofri Yenita ,   Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
Published: April 2023

Power quality issues has evidently become one of the crucial issues in power system studies. With the integration of distributed generations (DGs) in the power system, the issue of voltage control has become very important as the power system has become dynamic due to the bidirectional power flow. Delivering power while maintaining acceptable voltage limits has become very challenging for the distribution network operators (DNOs). In order to maintain power delivery to the customers whilst maintaining good power quality, the DNOs has undertaken several measures including implementing several voltage control methods to guarantee that the voltage limits in the power system are within permissible limits. This includes the centralized and decentralized voltage control techniques in the system connected with DGs. The DGs are connected to buses 9 and 14 of the test system where these two buses have been identified as the weakest bus. The decentralized voltage control method has also become an acceptable option due to its ease in having limited communication and lower costs in the system. One of the decentralized voltage control method which has been widely used is the power factor control (PFC) method. The IEEE 14 bus distribution test system has been used and integrated with DGs to show the effectiveness of the PFC method in managing the voltage fluctuation issues in the distribution system.
Dual COX/LOX Inhibition: Screening and Evaluation of the Effect of Pyroligneous acid Fractions of Palm kernel Shell as an Anti-inflammatory agents
Authors:   Institute of Bio-product and Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Rabiu Zainab , Hasham Rosnani ,   Institute of Bio-product and Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Zakaria Zainul Akmar ,   Institute of Bio-product and Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Published: April 2023

Inflammation is treated using Steroidal (SAIDs) and Non-steroidal (NSAIDs) anti-inflammatory drugs. These synthetic drugs act by inhibiting the activity of inflammatory mediators (Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes) and are known to have various side effects. The use of natural products as alternatives is gaining prominence due to effective therapeutic function with reduced side effects. Palm kernel shell biomass can be thermo-chemically converted into Pyroligneous Acid (PA), which have been found to contain phenols that have antioxidant activities and potential anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the PA is derived from slow pyrolysis of palm kernel shell by fractionation using column chromatography. The fractions are then screened for Total Phenolic content using Folin ciocalteau assay and free radical scavenging activity using FRAP and DPPH procedures. Anti-inflammatory activity of COX and LOX pathways with the screened fractions, is determined using the LOX-5 and COX-2 assay by ELISA method. The fractions were found to have phenolic and free radical scavenging activity with high percentage yield. The fractions were also found to have dual inhibition for COX and LOX enzymes with IC50 values ranging for COX enzymes IC50 (17.04% - 48.42%) and LOX with IC50 (5.23% -53.34%). The findings of the present study indicate the potential for use of various fractions of pyroligneous palm kernel shell as a viable source of anti-inflammatory agents.