bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Super-resolution imaging of cancer-associated carbohydrates using aptamer probes
Authors: Jing Yingying , Chen Junling , Zhou Lulu , Sun Jiayin , Cai Mingjun , Shi Yan , Tian Yongmei , Gao Jing , Wang Hongda
Published: July 2019

Relying on fluorophore-conjugated aptamers, we revealed the high expression and clustered distribution of globo H on cancer cell membranes and uncovered the potential interactions between cancer-associated carbohydratesviasuper-resolution imaging.
Protein labelling and albumin binding characteristics of the near-IR Cy7 fluorophore, QuatCy
Authors: Thavornpradit Sopida , Usama Syed Muhammad , Lin Chen-Ming , Burgess Kevin
Published: July 2019

“QuatCy” selectively labels Cys side-chains, and proteins with exposed Cys residues over albumin.
Chemoenzymatic synthesis of the oligosaccharide moiety of the tumor-associated antigen disialosyl globopentaosylceramide
Authors: 't Hart Ingrid M. E. , Li Tiehai , Wolfert Margreet A. , Wang Shuo , Moremen Kelley W. , Boons Geert-Jan
Published: July 2019

The oligosaccharide of the tumor-associated antigen DSGb5 was synthesized in a chemoenzymatic manner by exploiting the mammalian glycosyl transferases ST3Gal1 and ST6GalNAc5, and its binding with Siglec-7 was investigated by glycan microarray technology.
Retracted Article: RNA-sequencing identified miR-3681 as a negative regulator in the proliferation and migration of cervical cancer cells via the posttranscriptional suppression of HGFR
Authors: Shi Fan , Zhang Yingbing , Wang Juan , Su Jin , Liu Zi , Wang Tao
Published: July 2019

In this study, RNA-sequencing was used to investigate the differentially expressed miRNAs between cervical cancer tissues and matched adjacent non-tumor tissues.
A real-time ratiometric fluorescent probe for imaging of SO2 derivatives in mitochondria of living cells
Authors: Shi Junwei , Shu Wei , Tian Yong , Wu Yulong , Jing Jing , Zhang Rubo , Zhang Xiaoling
Published: July 2019

A real-time ratiometric fluorescent probe (IN-CZ) for highly selective detection of sulfite was designed and synthesized, which is based on modulating the intramolecular charge transfer of the hemicyanine dye platform.
NewN-phenylacetamide-incorporated 1,2,3-triazoles: [Et3NH][OAc]-mediated efficient synthesis and biological evaluation
Authors: Akolkar Satish V. , Nagargoje Amol A. , Krishna Vagolu S. , Sriram Dharmarajan , Sangshetti Jaiprakash N. , Damale Manoj , Shingate Bapurao B.
Published: July 2019

A facile, highly efficient, and greener method for the synthesis of new 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles was conducted using [Et3NH][OAc] as a medium by the implementation of ultrasound irradiationviaclick chemistry, affording excellent yields.
Ultra-small palladium nano-particles synthesized using bulky S/Se and N donor ligands as a stabilizer: application as catalysts for Suzuki–Miyaura coupling
Authors: Oswal Preeti , Arora Aayushi , Kaushal Jolly , Rao Gyandshwar Kumar , Kumar Sushil , Singh Ajai K. , Kumar Arun
Published: July 2019

Monodispersed ultrasmall Pd nanoparticles synthesized utilizing bulky organochalcogen secondary amines as stabilizers and application in Suzuki coupling of aryl chlorides at low catalyst loading.
Mechanical and self-recovery properties of supramolecular ionic liquid elastomers based on host–guest interactions and correlation with ionic liquid content
Authors: Sinawang Garry , Kobayashi Yuichiro , Osaki Motofumi , Takashima Yoshinori , Harada Akira , Yamaguchi Hiroyasu
Published: July 2019

Supramolecular ionic liquid elastomers showed higher fracture energy than chemically cross-linked ionic liquid elastomers and also self-recovery ability.
Water soluble cadmium selenide quantum dots for ultrasensitive detection of organic, inorganic and elemental mercury in biological fluids and live cells
Authors: Bala Subramaniyan Siva , Veerappan Anbazhagan
Published: July 2019

CdSe QDs fluorescence is highly selective and sensitive to mercury.
Phosphonic acid mediated practical dehalogenation and benzylation with benzyl halides
Authors: Xiao Jing , Ma Yonghao , Wu Xiaofang , Gao Jing , Tang Zilong , Han Li-Biao
Published: July 2019

A practical method for phosphonic acid mediated dehalogenation and benzylation with benzyl halides was developed.
Establishment of atropisomerism in 3-indolyl furanoids: a synthetic, experimental and theoretical perspective
Authors: Chatterjee Sourav , Bhattacharjee Pinaki , Butterfoss Glenn L. , Achari Anushree , Jaisankar Parasuraman
Published: July 2019

A number of axially chiral 3-indolyl furanoids have been synthesized and the individual enantiomers are found to be configurationally stable and isolable at room temperature.
Correction: A clinical and computational study on anti-obesity effects of hydroxycitric acid
Authors: Tomar Manu , Rao Raghavendra Pralhada , Dorairaj Palaniyamma , Koshta Abhishek , Suresh Sowbhagya , Rafiq Mohamed , Kumawat Rajesh , Paramesh Rangesh , V Babu U. , Venkatesh K. V.
Published: July 2019

Correction for ‘A clinical and computational study on anti-obesity effects of hydroxycitric acid’ by Manu Tomar et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 18578–18588.
Prostate-specific membrane antigen targeted gold nanoparticles for prostate cancer radiotherapy: does size matter for targeted particles?
Authors: Luo Dong , Wang Xinning , Zeng Sophia , Ramamurthy Gopalakrishnan , Burda Clemens , Basilion James P.
Published: July 2019

Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) targeted radiosensitizers are developed for prostate cancer CT imaging and radiotherapy based on gold nanoparticles and a high-affinity targeting peptide, PSMA-1, revealing a size-dependent pattern.
Assessing collagen fibrils molecular damage after a single stretch–release cycle
Authors: Iqbal S. M. Asif , Deska-Gauthier Dylan , Kreplak Laurent
Published: July 2019

Mechanical denaturation of single collagen fibrils is strain dependent and does not require fibril rupture or supramolecular damage.
Designing active particles for colloidal microstructure manipulation via strain field alchemy
Authors: VanSaders Bryan , Glotzer Sharon C.
Published: July 2019

We report a novel method for designing active interstitials capable of driving colloidal dislocations to glide.
Micropattern-controlled wicking enhancement in hierarchical micro/nanostructures
Authors: Rokoni Arif , Kim Dong-Ook , Sun Ying
Published: July 2019

Micropattern-controlled two-stage wicking dynamics dictate the enhancement of wicking in hierarchical micro/nanostructured surfaces over bare microstructures.
An Al-doped high voltage cathode of Na4Co3(PO4)2P2O7 enabling highly stable 4 V full sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Liu Xiaohao , Tang Linbin , Li Zhi , Zhang Jianhua , Xu Qunjie , Liu Haimei , Wang Yonggang , Xia Yongyao , Cao Yuliang , Ai Xinping
Published: July 2019

High voltage cathode material of Na4Co3(PO4)2P2O7 is modified firstly by Al doping, and a constructed Al0.15-NCPP//HC full cell shows impressively high output voltages and superior cycling stability for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries.
Enhanced structural stability and overall conductivity of Li-rich layered oxide materials achieved by a dual electron/lithium-conducting coating strategy for high-performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Gao Dan , Zeng Zhisen , Mi Hongwei , Sun Lingna , Ren Xiangzhong , Zhang Peixin , Li Yongling
Published: July 2019

A dual coating of LATP and CNTs accelerates the transportation of Li+ and electrons, resulting in improved rate capability.
Proton conductivity in yttrium-doped barium cerate under nominally dry reducing conditions for application in chemical synthesis
Authors: Loureiro Francisco J. A. , Pérez-Coll Domingo , Graça Vanessa C. D. , Mikhalev Sergey M. , Ribeiro Alejandro F. G. , Mendes Adélio , Fagg Duncan P.
Published: July 2019

The applicability limits of BaCe0.9Y0.1O3−δ highlighted for use as a membrane in electrochemical reactors operating under nominally dry conditions.
Tailoring the ORR and HER electrocatalytic performances of gold nanoparticles through metal–ligand interfaces
Authors: Alba-Molina David , Puente Santiago Alain R. , Giner-Casares Juan J. , Rodríguez-Castellón Enrique , Martín-Romero María T. , Camacho Luis , Luque Rafael , Cano Manuel
Published: July 2019

The oxygen reduction (ORR) and hydrogen evolution (HER) reactions are the most important cathodic processes involved in fuel cell and water splitting, respectively.
Surface evolution and reconstruction of oxygen-abundant FePi/NiFeP synergy in NiFe phosphides for efficient water oxidation
Authors: Miao Mao , Hou Ruizuo , Qi Ruijuan , Yan Ya , Gong Lan Qian , Qi Kai , Liu Hongfang , Xia Bao Yu
Published: July 2019

Pre-catalyst evolution: dynamic surface evolution and self-reconstruction were recorded on NiFe-phosphides for enhanced water oxidation by in situ formed oxygen-abundant FePi/NiFeP synergy.
Epoxy–amine oligomers from terpenes with applications in synergistic antifungal treatments
Authors: O’Brien Dara M. , Vallieres Cindy , Alexander Cameron , Howdle Steven M. , Stockman Robert A. , Avery Simon V.
Published: July 2019

Epoxy–amine oligomers synthesised from a renewable terpenoid feedstock are found to act in synergy with known antifungal drug amphotericin B againstCandida albicans, and fungicide IPBC againstTrichoderma virens.
A stretchable and breathable form of epidermal device based on elastomeric nanofibre textiles and silver nanowires
Authors: Wang Yifan , Wang Jing , Cao Shitai , Kong Desheng
Published: July 2019

A breathable and stretchable form of electronic nanotextile is developed as a platform for epidermal devices.
A ternary ZnO/ZnS/MoS2 composite as a reusable SERS substrate derived from the polyoxomolybdate/ZIF-8 host–guest framework
Authors: Yin Di , Wang Ming-Liang , Wang Ying-Zi , Hu Xun , Liu Bo , Liu Hong , Ma Lulu , Gao Guang-Gang
Published: July 2019

A ternary nanocomposite of ZnMoNCs containing ZnO, ZnS and MoS2 has been synthesized by a facile strategy derived from polyoxometalate and ZIF-8, which shows high SERS activity by increased adsorption sites and synergistically improved charge transfer.
Explaining different experimental hole mobilities: influence of polymorphism on dynamic disorder in pentacene
Authors: Landi Alessandro , Troisi Alessandro , Peluso Andrea
Published: July 2019

The effect of polymorphism (i.e.the ability of accessing different packing structures) on the fluctuations of transfer integrals is quantified for a prototypical molecule, pentacene.
TheMycobacterium tuberculosiscapsule: a cell structure with key implications in pathogenesis
Authors: Kalscheuer Rainer , Palacios Ainhoa , Anso Itxaso , Cifuente Javier , Anguita Juan , Jacobs William R. , Guerin Marcelo E. , Prados-Rosales Rafael
Published: July 2019

Bacterial capsules have evolved to be at the forefront of the cell envelope, making them an essential element of bacterial biology. Efforts to understand the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) capsule began more than 60 years ago, but the relatively recent development of mycobacterial genetics combined with improved chemical and immunological tools have revealed a more refined view of capsule molecular composition. A glycogen-like α-glucan is the major constituent of the capsule, with lower amounts of arabinomannan and mannan, proteins and lipids. The major Mtb capsular components mediate interactions with phagocytes that favor bacterial survival. Vaccination approaches targeting the mycobacterial capsule have proven successful in controlling bacterial replication. Although the Mtb capsule is composed of polysaccharides of relatively low complexity, the concept of antigenic variability associated with this structure has been suggested by some studies. Understanding how Mtb shapes its envelope during its life cycle is key to developing anti-infective strategies targeting this structure at the host–pathogen interface.
Answers to naysayers regarding microbial extracellular vesicles
Authors: Coelho Carolina , Casadevall Arturo
Published: July 2019

It is now over 30 years since the discovery of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in Gram-negative bacteria. However, for cell-walled microbes such as fungi, mycobacteria and Gram-positive bacteria it was thought that EV release would be impossible, since such structures were not believed to cross the thick cell wall. This notion was disproven 10 years ago with the discovery of EVs in fungi, mycobacteria, and gram-positive bacteria. Today, EVs have been described in practically every species tested, ranging from Fungi through Bacteria and Archaea, suggesting that EVs are a feature of every living cell. However, there continues to be skepticism in some quarters regarding EV release and their biological significance. In this review, we list doubts that have been verbalized to us and provide answers to counter them. In our opinion, there is no doubt as to existence and physiological function of EVs and we take this opportunity to highlight the most pressing topics in our understanding of the biological processes underlying these structures.
Temperament in Adults Who Stutter and Its Association With Stuttering Frequency and Quality-of-Life Impacts
Authors: Lucey Jaclyn , Evans David , Maxfield Nathan D.
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The study aim was to determine whether self-reported temperament traits differentiate adults who stutter (AWS) from adults who do not stutter (AWNS). Additionally, associations between temperament and stuttering frequency, and between temperament and quality of life impacts of stuttering, were investigated in AWS.

Method

Self-reported temperament traits were documented for 33 AWS and 43 AWNS using the Adult Temperament Questionnaire (ATQ;Evans & Rothbart, 2007). Quality-of-life impacts of stuttering were assessed using the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience with Stuttering (Yaruss & Quesal, 2010). Stuttering frequency was calculated from 100-word monologue and reading samples.

Results

A between-groups difference in scores on the ATQ Positive Affect subscale was nominally significant (i.e., before correcting for multiple tests) and also approached statistical significance after Bonferroni correction. Positive Affect scores were lower for AWS, and the size of this trending effect was moderate. Within AWS, a statistically significant positive correlation was found between impact scores on the General Information section of the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience with Stuttering and ATQ Frustration subscale scores after Bonferroni correction. No associations were detected between temperament traits and stuttering frequency.

Conclusions

Results reveal a nontrivial tendency for AWS to experience decreased positive affect compared to AWNS. In addition, increased frustration was found to be associated with reduced general knowledge about stuttering in AWS. Neither effect has been previously reported for adults or children who stutter. Finally, self-reported temperament traits were not found to vary with stuttering frequency in adults, consistent with previous results for AWS.
Speech Production Accuracy and Variability in Monolingual and Bilingual Children With Cochlear Implants: A Comparison to Their Peers With Normal Hearing
Authors: Sosa Anna V. , Bunta Ferenc
Published: July 2019

Purpose

This study investigates consonant and vowel accuracy and whole-word variability (also called
token-to-token variability
or
token-to-token inconsistency
) in bilingual Spanish–English and monolingual English-speaking children with cochlear implants (CIs) compared to their bilingual and monolingual peers with normal hearing (NH).

Method

Participants were 40 children between 4;6 and 7;11 (years;months;
M
age
= 6;2),
n
= 10 each in 4 participant groups: bilingual Spanish–English with CIs, monolingual English with CIs, bilingual Spanish–English with NH, and monolingual English with NH. Spanish and English word lists consisting of 20 words of varying length were generated, and 3 productions of each word were analyzed for percent consonants correct, percent vowels correct, and the presence of any consonant and/or vowel variability.

Results

Children with CIs demonstrated lower accuracy and more whole-word variability than their peers with NH. There were no differences in rates of accuracy or whole-word variability between bilingual and monolingual children matched on hearing status, and bilingual children had lower accuracy and greater whole-word variability in English than in Spanish.

Conclusions

High rates of whole-word variability are prevalent in the speech of children with CIs even after many years of CI experience, and bilingual language exposure does not appear to negatively impact phonological development in children with CIs. Contributions to our understanding of underlying sources of speech production variability and clinical implications are discussed.
Fourier ptychographic reconstruction using mixed Gaussian–Poisson likelihood with total variation regularisation
Authors: Tian Xin
Published: July 2019

In recent years, Fourier ptychography (FP) has become an attractive area of research in microscopy because it can be used to produce wide‐field, high‐resolution images, and makes it possible to realise resolutions beyond the optical limit of the numerical aperture of the objective. However, the reconstruction of FP is sensitive to noise. To accommodate the typical mixed Gaussian–Poisson noise in microscopy, the author proposes to reconstruct the images by solving an optimisation problem based on a mixed Gaussian–Poisson likelihood and total variation regularisation. An augmented Lagrangian method with Wirtinger derivatives is used for optimisation. Both synthetic examples and real captured data are used to test the efficiency of the method. Based on the experimental results, the author concludes that the proposed method outperforms other methods, especially in high noise level situations.
GenSynth: a generative synthesis approach to learning generative machines for generate efficient neural networks
Authors: Wong Alexander , Javad Shafiee Mohammad , Chwyl Brendan , Li Francis
Published: July 2019

The tremendous potential exhibited by deep learning is often offset by architectural and computational complexity, making widespread deployment a challenge for edge scenarios such as mobile and other consumer devices. To tackle this challenge, we explore the following idea: Can we learn generative machines to automatically generate deep neural networks with efficient network architectures? In this study, we introduce the idea of generative synthesis, which is premised on the intricate interplay between a generator‐inquisitor pair that work in tandem to garner insights and learn to generate highly efficient deep neural networks that best satisfies operational requirements. Experimental results for image classification, semantic segmentation, and object detection tasks illustrate the efficacy of generative synthesis (GenSynth) in producing generators that automatically generate highly efficient deep neural networks (which we nickname FermiNets with higher model efficiency and lower computational costs (reaching more efficient and fewer multiply‐accumulate operations than several tested state‐of‐the‐art networks), as well as higher energy efficiency (reaching improvements in image inferences per joule consumed on a Nvidia Tegra X2 mobile processor). As such, GenSynth can be a powerful, generalised approach for accelerating and improving the building of deep neural networks for on‐device edge scenarios.
Natural language processing approach for appraisal of passenger satisfaction and service quality of public transportation
Authors: Liu Yingpei , Li Ye , Li Wenxiang
Published: July 2019

Owing to the limited‐time relevance and labour cost of traditional traffic service surveys, the quantity and quality of the data collected are not satisfactory in many cases. As more people are becoming active on comment websites and given the advances in natural language processing (NLP) techniques, it is feasible to conduct the opinion mining of comments regarding transportation services at large scale and low cost. In this study, >25,900 comments on websites regarding various public transportation services in Shanghai were analysed using NLP techniques, including sentiment analysis to calculate people's satisfaction with different transit facilities, keyword extraction to understand the key point in comments, and co‐occurrence analysis to understand the commonality and characteristics of different routes. The sentiment analysis shows that people are more satisfied with traffic hubs than vehicles, and people have the highest level of satisfaction with airports and the lowest level of satisfaction with buses. The keywords classified by sentiment values show the strengths and weaknesses of Bus No. 49. Finally, the authors interpret a few anomalies of the results by tracing the context around the keywords. This study designs an NLP approach of transportation survey to improve the quality of public transportation service.
Common mode voltage suppression in three‐phase voltage source inverters with dynamic load
Authors: Mahmoudian Mehrdad , Gitizadeh Mohsen , Rajaei Amir Hosein , Tehrani Vahid Moradzadeh
Published: July 2019

This study proposes a novel pulse width modulation (PWM) algorithm to mitigate the common mode voltage (CMV) in a multi‐level voltage source inverter feeding an electric machine. Dead‐time effect frequently prevents the CMV not to reach zero in several switching periods. Then the electromagnetic interference noise is generated and causes bearing failure and overvoltage stress on winding insulations. The proposed strategy compensates the dead‐time effect that alleviates the high‐amplitude rectangular pulses with extreme range of variations during high‐frequency switching transitions. The existing PWM methods reduce the CMV to however by utilising the presented approach, CMV can be reduced to zero. However, the total harmonic distortion will be increased 0.3% at fundamental current harmonic rather than conventional state PWM method, which could be neglected. Simulation results and efficiency analysis imply on worthy performance of the proposed strategy to eliminate the CMV.
Three‐level dual‐buck voltage balancer with active output voltagesbalancing
Authors: Zhang Xianjin , Zhu Hairong , Song Yongxian , Li Rui
Published: July 2019

This study proposes a three‐level dual‐buck voltage balancer, which consists oftwo three‐level buck circuits. It can split a DC input voltage source into twoDC output voltage sources. The DC output voltage sources may have the samelevels or different levels based on applications, while the sum of the twooutput voltages is always equal to the input voltage level. To achievethree‐level states, a control strategy of introducing an extra freewheeling timeis presented by adding a small extra DC bias voltage in the control loop. Theoperation principles are analysed in detail. In addition, the small‐signal modelis also given to design parameters. Finally, a prototype was built and testedbased on a single output voltage loop in the lab. The experimental results hadverified the balancer has a good ability for operating in three‐level states andbalancing output voltages.
Review of model predictive control strategies for matrix converters
Authors: Khosravi Mahyar , Amirbande Masoume , Khaburi Davood A. , Rivera Marco , Riveros Jose , Rodriguez Jose , Vahedi Abolfazl , Wheeler Patrick
Published: July 2019

Matrix converters are a well‐known class of direct AC–AC power converter topologies that can be used in applications, where compact volume and low weight are necessary. For good performance, special attention should be paid to the control scheme used for these converters. The model predictive control strategy is a promising, straightforward and flexible choice for controlling various different matrix converter topologies. This work provides a comprehensive study and detailed classification of several predictive control methods and techniques, discussing special capabilities they each add to the operation and control scheme for different matrix converter topologies. This study also considers the issues regarding the implementation of model predictive control strategies for matrix converters. This survey and comparison are intended to be a useful guide for solving the related drawbacks of each topology and to enable the application of this control scheme for matrix converters in practical applications.
Parallel implementation of the auxiliary power system model of the electric locomotive for hardware‐in‐the‐loop simulation
Authors: Liu Chen , Song Yumei , Bai Hao , Ma Rui , Guo Xizheng , Gao Fei
Published: July 2019

Hardware‐in‐the‐loop simulation (HiLs) is an enabling technology for analysing and testing the control unit of high‐power electronic system. However, the main difficulty remains in the design of a HiLs platform for a control unit with a complex electronic system. With the attempt to improve this issue, this study presents the HiLs setup utilising the dSPACE simulator under the background of the auxiliary power system of the electric locomotive. A massive parallel implementation approach for modelling the auxiliary power system is proposed for the implementation on field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). The proposed method exploits the large response time of the auxiliary model to: (i) decouple the complex system into independent sub‐systems, (ii) partition the AC machine model solution from the rest power electronic system using the FPGA/CPU co‐mix structure, and (iii) adopt nanoseconds range simulation time step. The whole HIL system can be used to evaluate both the hardware and software performance of the physical auxiliary control unit. The real time simulation results under steady‐state and transient conditions demonstrate modelling accuracy and provide detailed insight into the development of this electrical powertrain.
Quadratic‐boost‐double‐flyback converter
Authors: Guepfrih Marcelo Flavio , Waltrich Gierri , Lazzarin Telles Brunelli
Published: July 2019

Combining low‐voltage power sources with loads that require high‐voltage levels is a challenge, especially for power devices above 500 W. In this context, this study presents a new dc–dc high‐gain converter using coupled inductors. The new converter uses only one switch and output capacitors with low values. It also allows the use of energy from the leakage inductors and enables the input current to operate in the continuous mode. The experimental concept validation was carried out in a prototype of 1 kW with an input voltage between 48 and 96 V and an output voltage of 800 V. The results obtained were coherent, with no significant semiconductor over‐voltage and high efficiency was achieved for a wide power range.
Investigation on SSCI between PMSGs‐based wind farm and AC network
Authors: Huang Biyue , Sun Haishun , Wang Long , Chen Yahao , Liu Yuming
Published: July 2019

The sub‐synchronous control interaction (SSCI) has frequently occurred in the direct‐drive permanent magnetic synchronous generators (PMSGs) based wind farm integrated to the weak AC network. The system strength, i.e. short‐circuit ratio (SCR) has been believed as the critical factor so far. However, the impedance–frequency characteristics of the practical network exhibit a strong resonance that might have impacts on the SSCI as well. In this study, considering the network resonance, the eigenvalue‐ and impedance‐based analyses are conducted to study the SSCI phenomenon in the grid‐connected PMSG system. The impacts on SSCI from system strength, network resonance and network‐resonant frequency are investigated firstly. Then, the parameter limits of PMSG control for the stable region are calculated to discuss the effects of network resonance on the parameter design. The results show that the network resonance plays a critical role in the SSO mode. When the network resonance is considered in the PMSG system, the SSO would arise more easily, and the stable region of the control parameter will be reduced. Meanwhile, the frequency of the SSO mode matches well with the network resonance frequency in dq frame. The analytical results are all verified by simulation.
Reconstructing solar magnetic fields from historical observations
Authors: Pevtsov Alexei A. , Tlatova Kseniya A. , Pevtsov Alexander A. , Heikkinen Elina , Virtanen Ilpo , Karachik Nina V. , Bertello Luca , Tlatov Andrey G. , Ulrich Roger , Mursula Kalevi
Published: July 2019

Context. Systematic observations of magnetic field strength and polarity in sunspots began at Mount Wilson Observatory (MWO), USA in early 1917. Except for a few brief interruptions, this historical dataset has continued until the present.

Aims. Sunspot field strength and polarity observations are critical in our project of reconstructing the solar magnetic field over the last hundred years. We provide a detailed description of the newly digitized dataset of drawings of sunspot magnetic field observations.

Methods. The digitization of MWO drawings is based on a software package that we developed. It includes a semiautomatic selection of solar limbs and other features of the drawing, and a manual entry of the time of observations, measured field strength, and other notes handwritten on each drawing. The data are preserved in an MySQL database.

Results. We provide a brief history of the project and describe the results from digitizing this historical dataset. We also provide a summary of the final dataset and describe its known limitations. Finally, we compare the sunspot magnetic field measurements with those from other instruments, and demonstrate that, if needed, the dataset could be continued using modern observations such as, for example, the Vector Stokes Magnetograph on the Synoptic Optical Long-term Investigations of the Sun platform.
Krokodil (Desomorphine)-induced osteonecrosis of the maxilla: a case report and literature review
Authors: Sergent Jean-François , Bader Gérard , Hamon Julien , Peigne Lucie , Lejeune Sophie
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Desomorphine is an opioid formerly used to treat acute pain. It is simple to manufacture, which has recently led to an increase in its clandestine production under the name “Krokodil”. This article presents a case of oral problems related to its use first ever reported in France. Observation: A 36-year-old male patient presented with bone exposure in sector 1. He admitted to actively consuming “Krokodil IV” for several years. In the course of the clinical and radiological examinations, the patient was diagnosed with osteochemonecrosis of the maxillary induced by krokodil, considering that severe intrinsic and extrinsic adverse effects have been attributed to the drug. Discussion: A systematic literature review was conducted using articles from the Medline and Web of Science databases. To treat such a condition, two authors have described a process consisting of total excision of the necrotic tissue with 0.5 cm margins, combined with discontinuing the intake of the drug. However, these observations should be considered with caution because of the absence of any prospective studies. Conclusion: There are a number of etiologies for osteonecrosis in the context of radiotherapy, intake of bisphosphonates, and administration of bone resorption inhibitors. Unfortunately, in the case of krokodil, its high addictive nature makes it difficult for the patient to wean off the drug. Further, the heterogeneity of its manufacturing make it challenging to pharmacokinetically analyze its prolonged use. In view of the current literature, surgical therapy associated with weaning appears to be the most appropriate treatment, without being able to rule out addiction or necrotic relapses.
Monoklonale Gammopathie unklarer Signifikanz – ein häufiger Nebenbefund
Authors: Schieferdecker Aneta , Binder Mascha , Weisel Katja , Bokemeyer Carsten
Published: July 2019

Monoclonal gammopathy of unclear significance (MGUS) is detected at high frequency in a variety of disciplines as an incidental finding. MGUS can be associated with non-malignant diseases, but it also can be a precursor of malignant lymphoproliferative disorders (multiple myeloma, Waldenstroem’s disease, other non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, light chain (AL) – amyloidosis). However, many of these patients remain asymptomatic throughout their lives. Screening is performed by serum protein electrophoresis, immunofixation and determination of quantitative immunoglobulins and free light chains in serum. Currently, general population screening is not recommended. There are three subtypes with different rates and types of progression: IgM-MGUS, non-IgM-MGUS, and light-chain MGUS. The scope of further diagnostics and follow-up is based on the clinical findings and risk stratification (monoclonal protein in serum < or ≥ 15 g/l and normal or abnormal free light chain ratio in serum). If paraprotein-associated disease is detected, gammopathy is of clinical significance and should not be referred to as MGUS.
SIP: Berufsdermatologische Präventions-Seminare
Authors: Weisshaar E. , Weseloh C.
Published: July 2019

Berufliche Hautkrankheiten zählen zu den häufigsten Berufskrankheiten, insbesondere in den Industrieländern. Das Gesundheitswesen, die Metallbearbeitung, das Friseurhandwerk, das Baugewerbe und die Lebensmittelindustrie sind dabei besonders betroffen. In diesen Berufen ist die Haut der Beschäftigten oft Wasser, arbeitsspezifischen Reizstoffen und Allergenen ausgesetzt und es besteht ein hohes Risiko, ein Kontaktekzem, am häufigsten an den Händen, zu entwickeln. Die Folgen auf individueller und gesellschaftlicher Ebene sind enorm. Berufliche Hauterkrankungen verursachen hohe Kosten. Fehlzeiten und mangelnde Produktivität belasten insbesondere kleine und mittlere Betriebe. Der Prävention berufsbedingter Hauterkrankungen kommt daher seit Jahren eine wichtige Bedeutung zu. Auf ambulanter Versorgungsebene spielt die sekundäre Individualprävention (SIP) eine wesentliche Rolle. Sie beinhaltet ein ambulantes dermatologisches Heilverfahren sowie das Angebot von interdisziplinären Hautschutzseminaren. Frühzeitig eingeleitete Präventions- und Therapiemaßnahmen können der Manifestation einer Berufserkrankung nach BK 5101 entgegenwirken und Kosten sparen.
Tetrabutylammonium Iodide-Promoted Acyloxylation–Peroxidation of Alkenes with Carboxylic Acid and tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide
Authors: Chen Rongxiang , Chen Wei , Shen Yuntao , Wang Zhan-Yong , Dai Wei , Wang Kai-Kai , Liu Lantao
Published: July 2019

An efficient synthesis of tert-butyl peroxides through TBAI-promoted acyloxylation–peroxidation of alkenes by using a carboxylic acid and tert-butyl hydroperoxide was developed. The synthetic utility of our method is enhanced by simple manipulations, easily available starting materials, and a wide substrate scope.
Correlation between Vitalism and Genetics According to the Paradigm of Complexity
Authors: Teixeira Marcus Zulian
Published: July 2019

Background In homeopathic philosophy, vital force is a non-material substrate that is responsible for maintaining the body's sensations and functions and where homeopathic medicines act. In genetics, the body's vital functions are controlled by biochemical information, which is contained in the cell genome and consists of a protein encoding portion (exome) and another that regulates this encoding scheme (epigenome). Both the philosophical vital force and the genome present properties of complex and dynamic self-organisation systems.

Aims This study aimed to explore and develop a philosophical-scientific correlation between vitalism and genetics according to the complexity paradigm.

Results Vital principle and genome present inseparable composition among distinct existing components that influence one another and form a network of connections that create complex and dynamic self-organisation behaviour. Described in both models, ‘vortex’ indicates the existence of a force coming from within the system that is externalised as an emergent, information-transmitting phenomenon. Supporting this correlation, some experimental studies show that homeopathic medicines act on the genome by modulating gene expression.

Conclusions In line with the similarity of existing characteristics and properties, the genome may be considered as hypothetical biological substrate of organic vital force.
Saposin B–Deficient Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Mimicking Acute Flaccid Paralysis
Authors: Madaan Priyanka , Jauhari Prashant , Chakrabarty Biswaroop , Kumar Atin , Gulati Sheffali
Published: July 2019

Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is a rare sphingolipid storage disorder caused by arylsulfatase A (ARSA) deficiency, resulting in central and peripheral demyelination. However, an uncommon form of MLD caused by saposin B deficiency is also described (around 10 mutations reported till date). MLD is a systemic disorder affecting the central and peripheral nervous system, gall bladder, and kidneys. Acute flaccid paralysis as the initial clinical presentation is previously known in ARSA-deficient MLD. Hereby, we report a child with acute flaccid paralysis with brain magnetic resonance imaging showing nonspecific periventricular leukodystrophy. He had progressive cognitive decline with gall bladder polyposis. ARSA levels were within normal limits. Leukodystrophy gene panel revealed a homozygous pathogenic deletion (Lys227del variant) in prosaposin (PSAP) gene. Hence, a final diagnosis of saposin B–deficient MLD was established. The index case highlights the importance of clinical and electrophysiological clues in the diagnosis of such atypical presentations of MLD.
Evaluation of Postprocedural Pain and Quality-of-Life Improvement in Rural Patients with Chronic Venous Insufficiency Undergoing Endovenous Laser Ablation
Authors: Deshmukh Sushmita Shailendra , Banode Pankaj , Mohan Abhinav
Published: July 2019

Background Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) manifests as unilateral or bilateral lower-limb venous hypertension causing pain, swelling, edema, and skin changes, among other symptoms. CVI affects patients’ socioeconomic status, is particularly seen in the young, and, in its severe manifestation, may have a debilitating effect on patients’ quality of life (QoL). The authors wanted to evaluate change in pain and QoL among rural patients after endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) treatment in a pilot study.

Methods Twenty patients having CVI who opted for 1,470-nm EVLA treatment were enrolled at the Interventional Radiology department between July 2018 and September 2018. The authors evaluated pain using the visual analog scale (VAS) before and after EVLA procedure (standard protocol) of the affected vein. They also assessed QoL using the Aberdeen Varicose Vein Questionnaire before and 6 weeks after EVLA.

Results The authors observed significant reduction in pain postprocedure versus preprocedure. Majority of the patients had improvement in itching and stasis dermatitis after the procedure. Rash and skin ulcers remained uncommon before and after EVLA. Also, after EVLA, fewer patients than before reported that the appearance of their diseased veins caused them concern (35 vs. 65% before EVLA), influenced their choice of clothing (45 vs. 80%), interfered with their work (40 vs. 90%), and interfered with their leisure activities (30 vs. 80%).

Conclusion EVLA 1470nm procedure may help patients with CVI attain improved QoL and significant pain reduction.
Use of the Magellan Robotic System for Conventional Transarterial Chemoembolization (cTACE): A 6-Patient Case Series Showing Safety and Technical Success
Authors: Clements Warren , Scicchitano Madeleine , Koukounaras Jim , Joseph Tim , Goh Gerard S.
Published: July 2019

Robotic endovascular technology is an emerging concept, and is being developed to allow more precise navigation of anatomy in challenging endovascular cases. The Magellan Endovascular System allows either direct or remote steerability of a 2-point articulating robotic platform with the ability to place a conventional microcatheter through the catheter tip. Such flexibility may help to reach an otherwise difficult anatomic location, especially in variant anatomy. To date, this platform has been shown to be technically successful in a small number of different settings. This case series shows another potential platform for such technology and explores the technical use and overall safety in conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE). The study retrospectively assessed 6 patients undergoing selective cTACE. Treatments were performed in a single center by two experienced interventional radiologists. Fluoroscopy time, radiation dose, anatomic target, and adverse events were logged. In spite of a longer than expected average fluoroscopy time, which can be expected for a first-generation technology, the average radiation dose was comparable to literature and technical success was able to be shown in all 6 patients with no adverse events. This technology has wide scope for future use and once overcoming a learning curve, may allow us to avoid repeat procedure attempts thus reducing fluoroscopy time and leading to earlier successful treatment. Providing a platform of interest and usability in the interventional radiology world may also lead to further development of smaller, cheaper, and more widely-accessible devices.
Comparison of atomic layer deposited Al2O3 and (Ta2O5)0.12(Al2O3)0.88 gate dielectrics on the characteristics of GaN-capped AlGaN/GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor high electron mobility transistors
Authors: Partida-Manzanera T. , Zaidi Z. H. , Roberts J. W. , Dolmanan S. B. , Lee K. B. , Houston P. A. , Chalker P. R. , Tripathy S. , Potter R. J.
Published: July 2019

The current research investigates the potential advantages of replacing Al2O3 with (Ta2O5)0.12(Al2O3)0.88 as a higher dielectric constant (κ) gate dielectric for GaN-based metal-oxide-semiconductor high electron mobility transistors (MOS-HEMTs). The electrical characteristics of GaN-capped AlGaN/GaN MOS-HEMT devices with (Ta2O5)0.12(Al2O3)0.88 as the gate dielectric are compared to devices with Al2O3 gate dielectric and devices without any gate dielectric (Schottky HEMTs). Compared to the Al2O3 MOS-HEMT, the (Ta2O5)0.12(Al2O3)0.88 MOS-HEMT achieves a larger capacitance and a smaller absolute threshold voltage, together with a higher two-dimensional electron gas carrier concentration. This results in a superior improvement of the output characteristics with respect to the Schottky HEMT, with higher maximum and saturation drain current values observed from DC current-voltage measurements. Gate transfer measurements also show a higher transconductance for the (Ta2O5)0.12(Al2O3)0.88 MOS-HEMT. Furthermore, from OFF-state measurements, the (Ta2O5)0.12(Al2O3)0.88 MOS-HEMT shows a larger reduction of the gate leakage current in comparison to the Al2O3 MOS-HEMT. These results demonstrate that the increase in κ of (Ta2O5)0.12(Al2O3)0.88 compared with Al2O3 leads to enhanced device performance when the ternary phase is used as a gate dielectric in the GaN-based MOS-HEMT.
Simple method for simultaneous long-term stabilization of relative timing and carrier-envelope phase in waveform synthesis
Authors: Huang Pei , Fang Shaobo , Gao Yitan , Zhao Kun , Hou Xun , Wei Zhiyi
Published: July 2019

We present an f-to-2f interferometry method to simultaneously measure and control the relative timing (RT) and carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of an arbitrarily tailored optical-field waveform. Long-term stabilization of the phase-locking system results in a CEP stability of 280 mrad and a RT stability of 110 attosecond over 8 h at a repetition rate of 1 kHz. The synthesized optical field characterized by a transient-grating frequency-resolved optical gating delivers 3.8-fs near single-cycle waveforms. This technique constitutes a versatile tool for coherent pulse synthesis, which can be applied in experiments using a dual-color light field for high-harmonic generation and attosecond timing precision pump-probe spectroscopy.
Band gap bowing for high In content InAlN films
Authors: Cramer Richard C. , Kyle Erin C. H. , Speck James S.
Published: July 2019

The InAlN alloy system has bandgap energies that span the entire visible range and is a promising candidate for bandgap engineering. To facilitate bandgap engineering, the bandgap bowing for the entire composition range must be well characterized. In rich InxAl1−xN (x > 0.60), films were grown via plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy on freestanding GaN substrates. The InxAl1−xN film compositions were determined using high resolution X-ray diffraction. On-axis 0002 ω-2θ scans were used to determine the c spacing of the films, reciprocal space maps of the 1¯015 peaks were used to determine that the films were completely relaxed, and the film compositions were calculated from that information assuming Vegard's law. The bandgaps were independently measured using absorbance spectroscopy and fitting to the linear region of a Tauc plot (dependence of α2 hν on hν) as determined by interpolating the second derivative of the data and selecting a region of low curvature. Compared with the literature, the data were fit to a composition-independent bandgap bowing model, and a bowing parameter of b = 4.0 ± 0.2 eV was calculated, which is consistent with previous results.
Role of the absorption on the spin-orbit interactions of light with Si nano-particles
Authors: Olmos-Trigo Jorge , Sanz-Fernández Cristina , Abujetas Diego R. , García-Etxarri Aitzol , Molina-Terriza Gabriel , Sánchez-Gil José A. , Bergeret F. Sebastián , Sáenz Juan José
Published: July 2019

The conservation of the photon total angular momentum in the incident direction in an axially symmetric scattering process is a very well known fact. Nonetheless, the redistribution of this conserved magnitude into its spin and orbital components, an effect known as the spin-orbit interaction (SOI) of light, is still a matter of active research. Here, we discuss the effect of the absorption on the SOI in the scattering of a subwavelength silicon particle. Describing the scattering process of an electric and a magnetic dipole, we show via the asymmetry parameter that the SOI of light in the scattering of high refractive index nanoparticles endures in the presence of optical losses. This effect results in optical mirages whose maximum values surpass those of an electric dipolar scatterer.
Effect of stresses on the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 thin films
Authors: Coleman K. , Walker J. , Beechem T. , Trolier-McKinstry S.
Published: July 2019

Flexible piezoelectric microelectromechanical systems can experience a wide range of stress conditions. In order to explore the functional properties over this range, the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of 0.6 μm thick {001} sol-gel Pb0.99⧠0.01(Zr0.52Ti0.48)0.98Nb0.02O3 (PZT) films on Si substrates and thin Ni foils were measured as a function of stress arising from thermal expansion mismatch during fabrication or applied by bending of a cantilever. Due to the differences in residual thermal stress, the remanent polarization, Pr, was approximately 21 ± 0.2 μC/cm2 and 39.5 ± 2.3 μC/cm2 for PZT films on Si and Ni, respectively, with the higher Pr on Ni originating from more “c” domains (out-of-plane polarization) due to the compressive stresses. The link between stress and domain orientation was further explored by bending films on Ni around mandrels with known radii of curvature to apply uniaxial strains of −0.2% to 0.5%. Films on Si were only exposed to strains between −0.06% and 0.06%, because of substrate failure. For films on 50 μm thick Ni foil, under a 0.5% tensile strain, the Pr decreased by 7%–10% and the permittivity increased up to 23% relative to zero applied stress samples. This trend reversed upon compressive strain. In addition, the piezoelectric coefficient, e31,f, is reported to be −9.0 ± 0.45 μC/cm2 and −7.1 ± 0.35 μC/cm2 on Ni and Si, respectively, and increased in magnitude with applied uniaxial compressive strain. These changes are consistent with substantial levels of ferroelastic reorientation.
Absence of embedded eigenvalues for translationally invariant magnetic Laplacians
Authors: Raymond Nicolas , Royer Julien
Published: July 2019

Translationally invariant bidimensional magnetic Laplacians are considered. Using an improved version of the harmonic approximation, we establish the absence of a point spectrum under various assumptions on the behavior of the magnetic field.