bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural and Transport Properties of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Modified Ionomers in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Zhang Qinjiang , Wang Chao , Yu Lina , You Jiabin , Wei Guanghua , Zhang Junliang
Published: February 2024

The sluggish commercial application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) with low Pt loading is chiefly hindered by concentration polarization loss, particularly at high current density regions. Addressing this, our study concentrates on the ionomer membranes in the cathode catalyst layer (CCL) and explores the potential of incorporating additional hydrophilic or hydrophobic components to modify these ionomers. Therefore, an all-atom model was constructed and for the ionomer and hydrophilic and hydrophobic modifications were implemented via incorporating SiO2 and PTFE, respectively. The investigation was conducted via molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to predict the morphology and structure of the ionomer and analyze the kinetic properties of oxygen molecules and protons. The simulation results elaborate that the hydrophilic and hydrophobic modifications favor the phase separation and the self-diffusion coefficients of oxygen molecules and protons are enhanced. Considering the hydration level of the ionomer films, hydrophilic modification facilitates mass transfer under low-hydration-level conditions, while hydrophobic modification is more effective in optimizing mass transfer as the hydration level increases. The optimal contents of SiO2 and PTFE for each hydration level in this work are 9.6% and 45%, respectively. This work proposes a reliable model and presents a detailed analysis of hydrophilic and hydrophobic modifications, which provides theoretical guidance for quantitative preparations of various composite membranes.
Schleiermacher’s Speeches and the Modern Critique of Religion
Authors: Vander Schel Kevin M.
Published: February 2024

Friedrich Schleiermacher is often credited with playing a foundational role in the development of the modern concept of religion. His epoch-making Speeches on religion, published in 1799 amidst the widespread social and intellectual upheaval of the Sattelzeit, present a novel description of religious feeling and religious communication, which mark a turning away from the rationalistic treatments of religion in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and which served as both inspiration and foil for scholars of religion throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This essay suggests a reading of Schleiermacher’s Speeches that is organized around two interrelated claims. First, the text does not proceed as speculative philosophical treatise aiming to establish an overarching theory of religion but as a critical dialogue that inquires into the distinctive particularity of religion and religious expression. Second, religious piety, as depicted in the Speeches, is not found in the isolated inwardness of individual experience but in coordinated tension with sociality, in communications of religious feeling that are bound together with a living apprehension of the world. On this account, religion for Schleiermacher, though rooted in feeling and self-consciousness, is nonetheless no private affair; it is realized within the developing complex of social and historical living.
Assessment of the Influence of Canopy Morphology on Leaf Area Density and Drag Coefficient by Means of Wind Tunnel Tests
Authors: Flayyih Al-Rikabi Shahad Hasan , Santolini Enrica , Pulvirenti Beatrice , Barbaresi Alberto , Torreggiani Daniele , Tassinari Patrizia , Bovo Marco
Published: February 2024

This paper investigates the aerodynamic behavior of Basil (i.e., Ocimum basilicum) and Mentuccia (i.e., Clinopodium nepeta (L.) Kuntze), emphasizing the impact of plant structure on drag force. In this paper, the drag coefficient is assessed for the two crop species under various configurations, starting from the pressure drop measured through wind tunnel tests. The methodology involves an innovative use of image processing techniques to determine the leaf area density (LAD) for both Basil and Mentuccia. This approach allows for a precise differentiation between leaf areas and crop pores, crucial for accurate aerodynamic analysis. For Basil, LAD values ranged from 2.41 to 5.08 m2 · m−3, while Mentuccia displayed LAD values between 1.17 and 1.93 m2 · m−3, depending on the crop configuration. This study provides the relationship between plant morphology, canopy density, and drag coefficient, highlighting how these aspects are influenced by different wind velocities. These results are fundamental and necessary for the proper definition of crop behavior and the aerodynamic parameters in Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations. This knowledge is not only fundamental to the field of agricultural aerodynamics but also has significant implications for optimizing crop planting and arrangement, leading to more efficient farming practices and better understanding of plant–environment interactions.
Feasibility Analysis of Indirect Evaporative Cooling System Assisted by Liquid Desiccant for Data Centers in Hot-Humid Regions
Authors: Shi Wenchao , Ma Xiaochen , Min Yunran , Yang Hongxing
Published: February 2024

The rapid development of data centers (DCs) has led to a marked increase in energy consumption in recent years, which poses a direct challenge to global efforts aimed at reducing carbon emissions. In regions with hot and humid climates, the energy demand is largely driven by air conditioning systems necessarily to maintain appropriate operational temperatures. This study proposes a novel multi-stage indirect evaporative cooling (IEC) system, incorporating a liquid desiccant in the primary air channel to address the cooling demands of such DCs. Our approach involves a two-stage process where the first stage uses a liquid desiccant-based IEC (LD-IEC) for air dehumidification and the second stage utilizes the treated air from the first stage as the secondary air to enhance the cooling effect. A simulation model of the proposed system is established with validation, and the performance of the multi-stage system was also discussed based on different operation modes. Furthermore, a case study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of using this system in the DC under a typical hot and humid zone. The findings reveal that the first-stage LD-IEC is capable of diminishing the wet-bulb temperature of the ambient air. Furthermore, the case study demonstrates that the proposed system can greatly improve the temperature drop by 72.7% compared to the single IEC, which noticeably reduces the operation time of energy-intensive supplementary cooling equipment from 5092 h to 31 h given the supply air temperature threshold of 25 °C. In summary, the proposed system could substantially decrease reliance on traditional cooling systems, which demonstrates a promising avenue to fully use this passive cooling technology for cooling DCs.
Projection of Non-Industrial Electricity Consumption in China’s Pearl River Delta under Global Warming Scenarios
Authors: Li Tiaoye , Tao Lingjiang , Zhang Mi
Published: February 2024

Global warming is a global issue closely linked to sustainability, and power systems around the world are facing immense pressure due to global warming. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of global warming on non-industrial electricity consumption in China’s Pearl River Delta. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is employed to dynamically downscale and simulate summer climate change characteristics during historical periods and future warming scenarios of 1.5/2 °C. Then, in order to dynamically investigate the changes in non-industrial electricity consumption in cities after warming, we developed a non-industrial electricity consumption estimation model based on degree days and GDP. The regression model can well reproduce non-industrial electricity consumption in summer. Under future warming scenarios of 1.5/2 °C, the results indicate an annual growth trend in non-industrial electricity consumption due to global warming. Under a 1.5 °C warming scenario, non-industrial electricity consumption in both Guangzhou and Zhuhai increases, with Guangzhou experiencing a larger increase of about 10 terawatt-hours (TWh) compared to the historical period. However, under a 2 °C warming scenario, non-industrial electricity consumption in both cities slightly decreases compared to the 1.5 °C warming scenario, with a maximum decrease of 874 million kilowatt-hours.
Research on New Electric Power System Risk Assessment Based on Cloud Model
Authors: Tang Mingrun , Li Ruoyang , Zhang Rujia , Yang Shuxia
Published: February 2024

A large number of new energy power electronic equipment is connected to the new power system, and the high proportion of new energy brings huge volatility and randomness, so it is necessary to establish a systematic risk assessment system to adapt to the new power system. This paper has improved the neglect of environmental benefits and supply and demand balance in the existing indicator system and established an indicator system for the risk of the new power system from the five perspectives of safety, supply and demand, sufficiency, cleanliness, and flexibility through the analysis of the evaluation indicator system of the large power grid and the influencing factors of the new power system. The index weight of a new power system is established by means of the entropy weight–critic combination weighting method, and the comprehensive evaluation is carried out by combining it with the cloud model. Finally, the specific data of the new power system in Fujian Province from 2020 to 2022 are taken as an example to verify the feasibility of combining the combined weighting method and the cloud model, and it is concluded that the new power system in Fujian Province has been in a “low risk” operation state for the recent three years.
Use of Machine Learning Techniques on Aerial Imagery for the Extraction of Photovoltaic Data within the Urban Morphology
Authors: Giussani Fabio , Wilczynski Eric , Zandonella Callegher Claudio , Dalle Nogare Giovanni , Pozza Cristian , Novelli Antonio , Pezzutto Simon
Published: February 2024

Locating and quantifying photovoltaic (PV) installations is a time-consuming and labor-intensive process, but it is necessary for monitoring their distribution. In the absence of existing data, the use of aerial imagery and automated detection algorithms can improve the efficiency and accuracy of the data collection process. This study presents a machine learning approach for the analysis of PV installations in urban areas based on less complex and resource-intensive models to target the challenge of data scarcity. The first objective of this work is to develop a model that can automatically detect PV installations from aerial imagery and test it based on the case study of Crevillent, Spain. Subsequently, the work estimates the PV capacity in Crevillent, and it compares the distribution of PV installations between residential and industrial areas. The analysis utilizes machine learning techniques and existing bottom-up data to assess land use and building typology for PV installations, identifying deployment patterns across the town. The proposed approach achieves an accuracy of 67% in detecting existing PV installations. These findings demonstrate that simple machine learning models still provide a reliable and cost-effective way to obtain data for decision-making in the fields of energy and urban planning, particularly in areas with limited access to existing data. Combining this technology with bottom-up data can lead to more comprehensive insights and better outcomes for urban areas seeking to optimize and decarbonize their energy supply while minimizing economic resources.
Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Selective Extraction of Aflatoxins from Feeds
Authors: Pérez-Álvarez María del Carmen , Arroyo-Manzanares Natalia , Campillo Natalia , Viñas Pilar
Published: February 2024

Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) have fused molecular imprinting technology with magnetic separation technology, emerging as an innovative material capable of recognizing specific molecules and efficiently separating target substances. Their application to the extraction and purification of mycotoxins has great potential, due to the toxicity and economic impact of these contaminants. In this work, MMIP has been proposed as a sample treatment for the determination of main four aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1 and G2) in pig feed. The MMIP was formed through the integration of magnetic material (Fe3O4) with commercial molecularly imprinted polymers, avoiding the synthesis step and, therefore, simplifying the process. The analyses were carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and the method was validated and limits of quantification (LOQs) between 0.09 and 0.47 ng/g were obtained, below the allowed or recommended levels by the European Union. Repeatability and intermediate precision showed relative standard deviations lower than 10% in all cases and trueness ranged from 92 to 111%. Finally, the proposed method was applied to 31 real pig feed samples, detecting aflatoxins with concentrations between 0.2 and 3.2 ng/g.
Assessment of the Impact of Humic Acids on Intestinal Microbiota, Gut Integrity, Ileum Morphometry, and Cellular Immunity of Turkey Poults Fed an Aflatoxin B1-Contaminated Diet
Authors: Maguey-González Jesús A. , Liu Jing , Zhang Guolong , Latorre Juan D. , Hernández-Ramírez Juan O. , de Jesús Nava-Ramírez María , Senas-Cuesta Roberto , Gómez-Rosales Sergio , de Lourdes Ángeles María , Stein Andressa , Solís-Cruz Bruno , Hernández-Patlán Daniel , Merino-Guzmán Rubén , Hernandez-Velasco Xochitl , Castellanos-Huerta Inkar , Uribe-Diaz Santiago , Vázquez-Durán Alma , Méndez-Albores Abraham , Petrone-Garcia Victor M. , Tellez Jr. Guillermo , Hargis Billy M. , Téllez-Isaías Guillermo
Published: February 2024

A recent study published data on the growth performance, relative weights of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, liver histology, serum biochemistry, and hematological parameters for turkey poults fed an experimental diet contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and humic acids (HA) extracted from vermicompost. The negative effects of AFB1 (250 ng AFB1/g of feed) were significantly reduced by HA supplementation (0.25% w/w), suggesting that HA might be utilized to ameliorate the negative impact of AFB1 from contaminated diets. The present study shows the results of the remaining variables, as an extension of a previously published work which aimed to evaluate the impact of HA on the intestinal microbiota, gut integrity, ileum morphometry, and cellular immunity of turkey poults fed an AFB1-contaminated diet. For this objective, five equal groups of 1-day-old female Nicholas-700 turkey poults were randomly assigned to the following treatments: negative control (basal diet), positive control (basal diet + 250 ng AFB1/g), HA (basal diet + 0.25% HA), HA + AFB1 (basal diet + 0.25% HA + 250 ng AFB1/g), and Zeolite (basal diet + 0.25% zeolite + 250 ng AFB1/g). In the experiment, seven replicates of ten poults each were used per treatment (n = 70). In general, HA supplementation with or without the presence of AFB1 showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the number of beneficial butyric acid producers, ileum villi height, and ileum total area, and a significant reduction in serum levels of fluorescein isothiocyanate–dextran (FITC-d), a marker of intestinal integrity. In contrast, poults fed with AFB1 showed a significant increase in Proteobacteria and lower numbers of beneficial bacteria, clearly suggesting gut dysbacteriosis. Moreover, poults supplemented with AFB1 displayed the lowest morphometric parameters and the highest intestinal permeability. Furthermore, poults in the negative and positive control treatments had the lowest cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity response. These findings suggest that HA supplementation enhanced intestinal integrity (shape and permeability), cellular immune response, and healthier gut microbiota composition, even in the presence of dietary exposure to AFB1. These results complement those of the previously published study, suggesting that HA may be a viable dietary intervention to improve gut health and immunity in turkey poults during aflatoxicosis.
Does the Water Resource Tax Reform Bring Positive Effects to Green Innovation and Productivity in High Water-Consuming Enterprises?
Authors: Xu Chaohui , Gao Yingchao , Hua Wenwen , Feng Bei
Published: February 2024

Water resources are a fundamental natural and strategic economic resource and are closely related to high-quality economic and societal development. This paper uses the pilot implementation of the water resource tax reform to explore the impact of that reform on the green innovation and total factor productivity of enterprises. The study sample includes data for high water-consuming A-share listed enterprises in Shenzhen and Shanghai, China, from 2007 to 2021; the double-difference method was used for the analysis. Study findings indicate that replacing water resource fees with taxes significantly improves the green innovation level and total factor productivity of enterprises. Green innovation has a significant partial mediating effect between the water resource tax reform and total factor productivity. The water resource tax reform promotes green innovation in enterprises, enhancing total factor productivity. When considering different types of enterprise property rights, the economic effect of the water resource tax reform is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises, compared to state-owned enterprises. This paper provides empirical evidence for expanding the pilot scope of the water resource tax reform.
Improved Performance of Sulfur-Driven Autotrophic Denitrification Process by Regulating Sulfur-Based Electron Donors
Authors: Xu Jiang , Lu Zhikun , Xu Yifeng , Liang Chuanzhou , Peng Lai
Published: February 2024

Sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification (SADN) has demonstrated efficacy in nitrate (NO3−) removal from the aquatic environment. However, the insolubility of elemental sulfur (S0) (maximum 5 μg/L at 25 °C) limited the NO3− removal rate. In this study, we investigated the performance of a laboratory-scale S0-packed bed reactor (S0-PBR) under various volumetric NO3− loading rates. By filling with smaller S0 particles (0.5–1 mm) and introducing chemical sulfide (30–50 mg S2−-S/L), a high NO3− removal rate (1.44 kg NO3−-N/(m3·d)) was achieved, which was substantially higher than previously reported values in SADN systems. The analysis of the average specific NO3− removal rates and the half-order kinetic constants jointly confirmed that the denitrification performance was significantly enhanced by decreasing the S0 particle sizes from 10–12 mm to 1–2 mm. The smaller S0 particles with a larger specific surface area improved the mass-transfer efficiency. Dosing chemical S2− (20 mg S2−-S/L) to trigger the abiotic polysulfuration process increased the specific NO3− removal rate from 0.366 to 0.557 g NO3−-N/g VSS/h and decreased the portion of removed NO3−-N in the form of nitrous oxide (N2O-N) from 1.6% to 0.7% compared to the S2−-free group.
Water Quality Estimation Using Gaofen-2 Images Based on UAV Multispectral Data Modeling in Qinba Rugged Terrain Area
Authors: Han Dianchao , Cao Yongxiang , Yang Fan , Zhang Xin , Yang Min
Published: February 2024

This study presents an innovative method for large-scale surface water quality assessment in rugged terrain areas, specifically tailored for regions like the Qinba Mountains. The approach combines the use of high-resolution (10 cm) multispectral data acquired by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with synchronized ground sampling and 1 m resolution multispectral imagery from China’s Gaofen-2 satellite. By integrating these technologies, the study aims to capitalize on the convenience and synchronized observation capabilities of UAV remote sensing, while leveraging the broad coverage of satellite remote sensing to overcome the limitations of each individual technique. Initially, a multispectral estimation model is developed for key water quality parameters, including chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP), utilizing data from UAVs and coordinated ground samples. Subsequently, a comparison is made between the spectral band ratios (R/G and NIR/G) obtained from the UAV data and those from the Gaofen-2 satellite data, revealing a substantial similarity. Ultimately, this integrated methodology is successfully employed in monitoring water quality across a vast area, particularly along the midstream of the Hanjiang River in the Qinba Mountain region. The results underscore the feasibility, advantages, improved efficiency, and enhanced accuracy of this approach, making it particularly suitable for large-scale water quality monitoring in mountainous terrain. Furthermore, this method reduces the burden associated with traditional ground-based spectral acquisitions, paving the way for a more practical and cost-effective solution in monitoring vast water bodies.
Application of Three-Dimensional CFD Model to Determination of the Capacity of Existing Tyrolean Intake
Authors: Bor Aslı , Szabo-Meszaros Marcell , Vereide Kaspar , Lia Leif
Published: February 2024

CFD models of intakes in high-head hydropower systems are rare due to the lack of geometric data and cost of modeling. This study tests two different types of software to see how modeling can be performed in a cost-effective way with scarce input data and still have sufficient accuracy. The volume of fluid (VoF) model simulations are conducted using both ANSYS Fluent and OpenFOAM. The geometry is modelled from Google Earth satellite images, drone scanning data, and design drawings from the construction period and supported by field observations for extra quality control. From the model, both capacity parameters and flow pattern are calculated. For capacity, the Cd factor is calculated and compared with the literature. The simulations are conducted for a Tyrolean weir with rectangular bars (flat steel) in the rack. Simulated flow patterns through the rack with ANSYS Fluent and OpenFOAM are compared. OpenFOAM simulations yielded 15% to 20% higher water levels compared to the VOF model applied in Ansys Fluent. Also, when the flow rate was high, the water capture capacity calculated with ANSYS Fluent was 10% higher than that obtained with OpenFOAM. However, considering the total simulation times, modeling with OpenFOAM offered approximately 11% faster results.
Cross-Correlation among Seismic Events, Rainfalls, and Carbon Dioxide Anomalies in Spring Water: Insights from Geochemical Monitoring in Northern Tuscany, Italy
Authors: Pierotti Lisa , Fidani Cristiano , Facca Gianluca , Gherardi Fabrizio
Published: February 2024

Variations in the CO2 dissolved in water springs have long been observed near the epicenters of moderate and strong earthquakes. In a recent work focused on data collected during the 2017–2021 period from a monitoring site in the Northern Apennines, Italy, we noticed a significant correlation between CO2 anomalies and moderate-to-weak seismic activity. Here, we extended this analysis by focusing on data collected from the same site during a different period (2010–2013) and by integrating the CENSUS method with an artificial neural network (ANN) in the already-tested protocol. As in our previous work, a fit of the computed residual CO2 distributions allowed us to evidence statistically relevant CO2 anomalies. Thus, we extended a test of the linear dependence of these anomalies to seismic events over a longer period by means of binary correlations. This new analysis also included strong seismic events. Depending on the method applied, we observed different time lags. Specifically, using the CENSUS methodology, we detected a CO2 anomaly one day ahead of the earthquake and another anomaly eleven days ahead. However, no anomaly was observed with the ANN methodology. We also investigated possible correlations between CO2 concentrations and rain events and between rain events and earthquakes, highlighting the occurrence of a CO2 anomaly one day after a rain event of at least 10 mm and no linear dependence of seismic and rain events. Similar to our previous work, we achieved a probability gain of around 4, which is the probably of earthquake increases after CO2 anomaly observations.
Development and Application of Technical Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for Smart Water Cities (SWCs) Global Standards and Certification Schemes
Authors: Dasallas Lea , Lee Junghwan , Jang Sungphil , Jang Suhyung
Published: February 2024

Smart water cities (SWCs) use advanced technologies for efficient management and preservation of the urban water cycle, strengthening sustainability and improving the quality of life of the residents. This research aims to develop measurement and evaluation tools for SWC key performance indicators (KPIs), focusing on innovative water technologies in establishing unified global standards and certification schemes. The KPIs are categorized based on the stage at which water is being measured, namely the urban water cycle, water disaster management and water supply and treatment. The objective is to assess cities’ use of technologies in providing sufficient water supply, monitoring water quality, strengthening disaster resilience and maintaining and preserving the urban water ecosystem. The assessment is composed of a variety of procedures performed in a quantitative and qualitative manner, the details of which are presented in this study. The developed SWC KPI measurements are used to evaluate the urban water management practices for Busan Eco Delta City, located in Busan, South Korea. Evaluation processes were presented and established, serving as the guideline basis for certification in analyzing future cities, providing integrated and comprehensive information on the status of their urban water system, gathering new techniques, and proposing solutions for smarter measures.
Removal of Chromium (VI) from Water Using Orange peel as the Biosorbent: Experimental, Modeling, and Kinetic Studies on Adsorption Isotherms and Chemical Structure
Authors: Khalfaoui Amel , Benalia Abderrezzaq , Selama Zineb , Hammoud Amira , Derbal Kerroum , Panico Antonio , Pizzi Antonio
Published: February 2024

The present work aims to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of orange peels as a low-cost biosorbent for removing Cr(VI) from an aqueous solution by the biosorbent process. The orange peels as adsorbent was characterized using different methods, such as FTIR, pHpzc, equilibrium pH, TGA, XRD, SEM, and (BET). The tests were conducted in the batch mode, and the effects of different parameters, such as the pH, dosage of the bioadsorbent, influent Cr(VI), and time, on the biosorption of Cr(VI) were investigated. The adsorption kinetics proved that a contact time of 90 min resulted in the highest (approximately 97.8%) Cr(VI) removal, with an adsorption capacity of 4.96 mg/g. Moreover, the increase in the biosorbent dosage (from 1 to 10 g/L) resulted in the enhancement in the Cr(VI) removal effectiveness. Moreover, the pH of the solution also affected significantly the effectiveness of the removal. The tests were conducted under acidic pH solution conditions, and the prediction of the pH value at a zero charge (pH pzc) was confirmed experimentally. Furthermore, the results from the batch-mode assays were successfully tested by an experimental design (full factorial design). The biosorption of Cr(VI) on orange peels occurred mostly according to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the uptake of Cr(VI) was satisfactorily described by the Langmuir model.
Pendekatan Fenomenologi dalam Resolusi Konflik: Memahami Akar Konflik dengan Mendalam dan Komprehensif
Authors: Puryanto Sidik , Purwantiningsih Ary
Published: February 2024

This paper discusses the phenomenological approach in the context of conflict resolution. Phenomenology transforms the traditional view of conflict by delving into a profound understanding of its roots, values, emotions, and the perspectives of individuals involved. In this approach, conflict is seen as a social phenomenon involving individual or group awareness, empathy, sympathy, and collective consciousness. The importance of understanding subjective meanings and individual experiences in conflict is emphasized as the key to effective conflict resolution. The conflict resolution process from a phenomenological perspective involves steps of identification, diagnosis, and treatment designed to uncover and comprehend the conflict's roots comprehensively. The role of the subjects in this process is crucial, as they must possess the ability to empathize, see from various perspectives, and facilitate effective communication. In conflict resolution methods based on the phenomenological approach, reduction also becomes a key element, involving efforts to cleanse understanding from biases and assumptions before taking action. Introspection is also vital, helping subjects become more aware of their roles and contributions in the conflict. The phenomenological approach enables us to resolve conflicts in a more profound, holistic, and sustainable manner. With a deeper understanding of conflict's roots and the emotions involved, we can develop more effective solutions and integrate various perspectives contributing to the conflict.
Stunting Early Warning Application Using KNN Machine Learning Method
Authors: Purwati Nani , Sulistyo Gunawan Budi
Published: February 2024

Stunting in toddlers is defined as a condition of failure to thrive due to chronic malnutrition in the long term. The problem of stunting in Indonesia is an issue that is still a concern for the Indonesian government. The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is still relatively high, coupled with the COVID-19 pandemic, which has impacted the economic sector. For this reason, research on stunting is still a critical topic. This study aims to classify toddler stunting using the k-Nearest Neighbor classification algorithm and build a website-based early detection application for toddler stunting cases. The research results using the k-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm trial obtained a relatively high accuracy of 92.45%. Implementing an early detection system for stunting cases has proven to help health workers classify toddlers as stunted or not. This application is also helpful as an archive and facilitates data reporting. The application has eight main menus: the Puskesmas data menu, Posyandu data, toddler data, weighing, weighing results, development menu, and stunting early warning menu, which contains malnourished and stunted toddlers.
UI/UX Designing of an Indonesian Language Writing Educational Game for Elementary School Students Using a Human-Centred Design Method
Authors: Fitra Luthfi Syukriansyah , Ratnasari Chanifah Indah
Published: February 2024

Based on previous research conducted on elementary school students, it was found that there are still many errors in the use of EYD or KBBI rules, such as errors in the use of capital letters and the use of words. The lack of learning media outside of school triggers students' lack of understanding. Using technology-based learning media in games is exciting and can help improve students' understanding outside school. Using educational games as out-of-school learning media has several advantages, namely ease of access and higher student interest in playing. In developing games, an attractive appearance is needed and is the need of elementary school students. This is adequate and can increase students' interest in using the game as an out-of-school learning media. Therefore, an appropriate design method is needed to design the appearance to be attractive and by the needs of students, one of which is Human-Centered Design (HCD). This method involves users directly during the design process. By applying the HCD method, this research aims to design the interface of the "CerdasEYD" educational game that suits the needs and answers the problems that students have. Testing is carried out using the System Usability Scale to measure the success of the interface that has been designed. Through this test, the results obtained in the form of an average score of 95 indicate that the design has met the needs and answered the problems that students' problems.
Identifying Skin Cancer Disease Types With You Only Look Once (YOLO) Algorithm
Authors: Wiliani Ninuk , Lusi Anita Putri Valeria Dhiu , Hikmah Nur
Published: February 2024

The skin is the outermost vital organ and is susceptible to various diseases, including skin cancer. The number of cases of skin cancer around the world continues to increase every year, including in Indonesia. Proper handling is critical to cure skin cancer, and one of the solutions that can be used is the Deep Learning method. This study aims to apply the Deep Learning method, specifically an object detection algorithm called You Only Look Once (YOLO), for early skin cancer detection. The YOLOv5s algorithm is the model for this study because it is accurate and can detect objects in real-time. The research method involved collecting data on skin cancer cases and training the YOLOv5s model. After training, model testing is used to evaluate the ability to detect skin cancer. The test results show that the YOLOv5s model has an accuracy of 89.1% in detecting skin cancer types. This research has important implications in the health sector, especially in early skin cancer detection.
Transformative Pedagogy: Investigating the Impact of Online Jigsaw Model on Motivation and Academic Achievement in High School Mathematics
Authors: Mitayani Rizka Aliya , Ishartono Naufal
Published: February 2024

Several earlier research investigated the use of Jigsaw to improve the quality of the online mathematics teaching-learning process. However, few studies have used the Jigsaw approach to improve the quality of online mathematics education, particularly in terms of motivation and learning results. To address this research gap, the goal is to outline the process of integrating the Jigsaw model in online learning and to demonstrate the importance of enhancing student motivation during the learning process. This study used the classroom action research approach, which involved 36 students from a high school in Central Java Province, Indonesia. The results of this investigation indicate that the application of Jigsaw can be done online using numerous procedures indicated in this study. Furthermore, the results indicate a considerable improvement in motivation and learning outcomes. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference for teachers on how to implement the Jigsaw model online.
Junior High School Students’ Geometry Ability Based on Van Hiele Level’s Thinking
Authors: Putri Prismadian Amalia , Subanji  , Santi Irawati
Published: February 2024

The ability to solve problems and logical thinking of students can be grown by studying Geometry. However, the reality in the field and some research in Indonesia shows that the geometric thinking ability of junior high school students is still relatively low. This study aims to examine the geometric thinking ability of junior high school students according to Van Hiele Theory. This research is a qualitative study with a descriptive approach, which was conducted in one of the junior high schools in Pringsewu Regency involving 28 students of class VIII. One student was selected to represent levels 1, 2, 3, and 4 Van Hiele as the research subject.  Data collection was carried out using multiple choice tests and interviews. Data analysis techniques were conducted with data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing stages. The data originality technique was carried out by triangulation, in which the researcher compared the test data with the results of student interviews. The results showed that level 1 students (28.57%) could recognize and name geometric shapes visually; level 2 students (14.28%) could study geometric shapes by observing and mentioning the properties of the shapes; level 3 students (7.14%) could make connections between various geometric shapes and detect general properties of certain geometry; level 4 students (3.57%) could distinguish and make simple conclusions about the shapes and properties of shapes.

Kata kunci: berpikir geometri, level van hiele, siswa SMP.
Lernen durch Spenden. Ein Kooperationsprojekt für Bildungsgerechtigkeit
Authors: Tinnefeld Anja , Dresewski Felix
Published: February 2024

Die Autor*innen stellen das Projektseminar Lernen durch Spenden an der Universität zu Köln vor, das als Kooperationsprojekt zwischen dem Kölner Zentrum für LehrerInnenbildung und der Kurt und Maria Dohle Stiftung durchgeführt wird. Vor dem Hintergrund des Konzepts des Service Learnings werden das Seminarkonzept und der für die Studierenden beobachtbare Kompetenzzuwachs im Bereich Stiftungsarbeit und Fundraising für Bildung vorgestellt. (DIPF/Orig.)
Reflexionskompetenz und Innovationskompetenz im Berufsfeldpraktikum
Authors: Möllers Laura
Published: February 2024

Der Beitrag stellt das BFP im Studiengang Lehramt Sozialwissenschaften an der Universität Duisburg-Essen vor, dessen Ausgestaltung die Fachdidaktik zusammen mit der dort angesiedelten CIVES! School of Civic Education übernimmt. Die Zusammenarbeit mit außerschulischen Bildungsträgern, Exkursionen sowie die individuelle Vorbereitung und Reflexion der Praxisphase gehören zu den Kernelementen dieses Konzepts. (DIPF/Orig.)
Berufsfeldbezogene Praxisstudie im Ausland. Professionalisierung durch internationale Praxiserfahrung
Authors: Auner Nadine , Schüssler Renate
Published: February 2024

Die Autorinnen berichten über das Bielefelder Konzept zur Vorbereitung und Begleitung eines BFP im Ausland. Sie stellen das aktuelle Seminarkonzept sowie Erfahrungen mit der Umsetzung vor und diskutieren, welchen Beitrag schulische Praxisstudien im Ausland zur Professionalisierung angehender Lehrkräfte leisten können. (DIPF/Orig.)
¿Cómo podemos hablar de los colores? Para un análisis de la sustancia de la expresión cromática
Authors: Thürlemann Felix
Published: February 2024

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State of resources and fishery of commercial Seaweeds and Seagrasses in the Seas of Russia in 2000–2020
Authors: Evseeva Nataliya V. , Matyushkin Vitaliy  B. , Berezina Marina O. , Melnik Roman  A. , Levitsky Aleksandr L. , Vlasov Denis  O. , Saenko Elena M. , Zhiltsova Lidiya V. , Belyj Michail N. , Dulenin Aleksandr  A. , Prokhorova Natalya Y. , Sologub Denis  O. , Botnev Dmitryi  A.
Published: February 2024

The aim: Stock assessment of commercial algae and seagrasses in the sea waters of Russian Federation and their fishery in 2000–2020.

Method: The present article is based on original and statistical data obtained in 2000–2020 in accordance with standard methods of fisheries research.

Novelty: The analysis has revealed the present status of commercial algae and seagrasses resources in the seawaters of Russian Federation as well as the reasons for low exploitation rates of these resources.

Result: Algae and seagrasses resources in the seawaters of Russian Federation have hardly changed during last 20 years and remain stable. Algae harvesting is relatively well developed only in White Sea and Japan Sea. Total biomass of commercial algae and seagrasses resources in the sea waters of Russian Federation estimates at 1.6 million tons, and annual recommended catch —  at 250 thousand tons.

Practical significance: The results of present analysis have reveal modern trends of algae fishery development and allow to elaborate science-based approaches for conservation and sustainable management of these resources.
State and exploitation of commercial fish stocks in the Russian part of the Baltic Sea, Curonian, Kaliningrad and Finnish Gulfs
Authors: Bandurin Konstantin V. , Amosova Victoria М. , Golubkova Tatyana A. , Arkhipov Alexander G.
Published: February 2024

The aim of this article: to assess the condition and level of exploitation of commercial fish species in the Russian parts of the Baltic Sea (including the Gulf of Finland), the Curonian and Kaliningrad (Vistula) Lagoons.

Methods used: the stocks of commercial fish species in the Baltic Sea and its bays are transboundary. For several decades, as part of the international regulation of fisheries in the Baltic Sea, scientific cooperation has been carried out between the countries of the European Union and the Russian Federation at the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). During the period from 1992 to the present, AtlantNIRO has organized and carried out a significant amount of comprehensive research work in the Baltic Sea. In total, more than 70 hydroacoustic, bottom and environmental surveys were completed. Long-term (more than 60 years) studies of aquatic biological resources of commercial fish species are also carried out in the Curonian and Kaliningrad (Vistula) Lagoons. For many years, scientific cooperation has been carried out on the study of the bays with the Lithuanian and Polish republics, respectively.

Novelty: in the modern period, analysis of research on the state and exploitation of stocks of commercial fish species in the Russian part of the Baltic is carried out for the first time.

Result: the volume of production of aquatic biological resources (ABR) in the Baltic Sea has currently reached an “extreme high point”, and a slight decrease should be expected in the near future. In the Curonian and Kaliningrad (Vistula) Lagoons, the condition of the stocks of the main commercial fish is satisfactory, which allows for stable production of aquatic fish.

Practical significance: in modern conditions, information on the state of fish stocks in the region will allow solving problems of managing these resources, including planning for the near future the possible volumes of their production by fishing organizations.
Russian fisheries in 2000–2020
Authors: Antonov Nikolaj P. , Guse Evgeny V. , Belous Ekaterina V. , Egochina Victoria A.
Published: February 2024

Purpose of the work: analysis of the development of fisheries development in Russia in the first two decades of the 21st century, assessment of stock state and catches of fish resources, and identification of major factors of influence on these resources and fisheries.

Methods used: the main source of information on the production in Russian fisheries was annual data on catches of fish and other aquatic biological resources and data on aquaculture production —  Form No. 1-P (fish). Сatches and yields of fish resources were analyzed based on the operative reporting of enterprises and data of the industry monitoring system. For access and initial processing, the FMS analyst software was used.

Novelty: an analysis of the regulatory and legal framework development is presented, materials from Russian fisheries for 2000–2020 are summarized and analyzed.

Practical significance: the development of any type of economic activity is a continuous, but heterogeneous process, with periods of growth and decline of varying duration. Fishery is no exception. Throughout its history, the industrial fisheries in Russia have gone through a series of stages associated with changes in fisheries technology and evolution of fishing vessel design. The development of industrial fisheries was also related to such objective conditions as long-term climate changes, which influenced the state of fisheries resources.
A Goddess and a City or How to Read the Hieroglyphic Luwian Sign MANUS+MANUS
Authors: Simon Zsolt
Published: February 2024

This paper argues that the unusual determinative MANUS+MANUS of the goddess Pahalati in Hama that resisted explanation until now can be understood due to its new attestation in the logographic spelling of a Cilician toponym. It will be shown that an earlier attempt that identified MANUS+MANUS as a variant of MAGNUS, the city as Urušša, and the name of the goddess as a Phoenician-Luwian mixed phrase meaning ‘Great Lady’, is palaeographically, linguistically, and geographically impossible. A clue to the decipherment of MANUS+MANUS is provided by the homo(io)phonous settlement in Cilicia, Pahra-, which explains how the same sign could have been used both as a determinative and as a logogram in accordance with the regular rules of the usage of the determinatives.
FAILURE ANALYSIS OF A BASE SUPPORT PLATE OF A SEMOLINA PURIFIER MACHINES SUBJECTED TO FATIGUE LOADING
Authors: DERE Yunus , ŞAHİN Ömer , EKEM Hakkı , KORKMAZ Hasan Hüsnü
Published: February 2024

The semolina purifier is a machine used in the production phase in flour factories and is exposed to fatigue loads. In this study, the reason for the damage when a semolina purifier machine breaks during use and the improvements that need to be made in the design are discussed. For this purpose, a finite element model (FEM) was created using ABAQUS software. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the design of the machine support platform should be improved. A two-stage strengthening alternative is designed. The cyclic loads applied by the twin motors that move the machine screens are applied in the FEM model. The deformations and stresses occurring in the reinforced and existing design machine base plate were compared. The results showed that, the maximum equivalent stress level can be reduced from 86 MPa to 35 MPa by design improvements made on the base plate.
GIS-AHP APPROACH FOR A COMPREHENSIVE FRAMEWORK TO DETERMINE THE SUITABLE REGIONS FOR GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS IN IZMIR, TÜRKİYE
Authors: KOCA Kemal , KARİPOĞLU Fatih , ZERAY ÖZTÜRK Emel
Published: February 2024

Geothermal energy is gaining more reputation and importance around the world. Correspondingly, suitable location selection is a critical step and has become necessary for the successful installation and operation of geothermal power plants. This study investigated suitability of İzmir region, located in the Aegean part of Türkiye, in terms of geothermal power plants applications by using the combination of Geographical Information System and Analytic Hierarchy Process. Based on the request of power plants, thirteen important criteria were evaluated under three main categories named as physical (C1), environmental (C2) and technical (C3). Moreover, expert’s opinions were taken into consideration to calculate the importance of these criteria. Key results showed that İzmir was suitable for geothermal power plants. The final suitability map layer pointed out that %8.73 (1.037 km2) of total area were determined as highly suitable regions in terms of installation. In addition, the obtained suitability map layer was compared with actual geothermal power plants. Based on the comparison study, power plants in Seferihisar were moderately suitable for geothermal power plants while the location of Balçova power plant was highly suitable. Regarding the suitability assessment in the present study, the location of Dikili power plants had the least suitability score.