bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestação de alto risco: perfil epidemiológico e fatores associados com o encaminhamento para serviço especializado
Authors: Guedes Helisamara Mota , Sousa Andriene Adelha , Barbosa Bárbara Ribeiro , Ribeiro Liliane Da Consolação Campos , Dias Juliana Augusta , Galvão Endi Lanza
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Verificar o perfil epidemiológico das gestantes e os fatores associados com o encaminhamento de gestantes para um serviço especializado. Método: Estudo transversal retrospectivo, realizado nos prontuários de gestantes classificadas em alto risco, período de janeiro a dezembro de 2019. Realizou-se análise descritiva, bivariada e multivariada. Resultados: Dos 405 prontuários, a média de idade foi 29 anos, 19% eram hipertensas crônicas, 14,2% desenvolveram diabetes gestacional. A diferença média entre a data da primeira consulta e a data do encaminhamento pela atenção primária foi de 4 semanas. A regressão logística mostrou que: gestantes de outros municípios, com baixa renda econômica e diferença no tempo de encaminhamento possuem interferência no início do pré-natal. Conclusão: As análises realizadas poderão contribuir para a elaboração de políticas intersetoriais em busca da promoção da saúde de gestantes.
Bibliometrics, scientometrics and informetrics. Part 4. Object
Authors: Lazarev Vladimir
Published: March 2022

A simplified and sometimes vulgar understanding of the role of scientometrics in the management of science makes it necessary to better understand its essential characteristics. In this paper, scientometrics is considered in interrelations with bibliometrics and informetrics that are the fields of knowledge closest to it. In relation to the three mentioned “metrics”, this part discusses the representation of their methods. Consideration of the methodological “arsenal” of the three “metrics” made us possible to come to the conclusion that there are no such specific methods in any of them, the presence of which would be a distinctive feature of exactly and exclusively this “metrics”. The opinion is expressed that the high prevalenceof some methodological component in any of the “metrics”, the use of general scientific methods in them and the use of econometrics and sociometrics techniques in scientometric research cannot be treated as distinguishing features of this or that “metrics”, as the principle of delimitation of one “metrics” from another. As it follows from the very term “metrics”, the methods of bibliometrics, scientometrics and informetrics are methods of quantitative research. The emergence of new “metrics” methods was characteristic of the entire twentieth century, and, of course, there is no reason to believe that the list of these methods known today is final, complete.
Entropy as an Intellectual Detector for the Researcher
Authors: Rakin Vladimir
Published: March 2022

As a result of the economic and structural-legal transformations of Russian science, an internal conflict is forming in the mind of an individual researcher between the creative and the practical. These two principles are organically presented in everyone’s consciousness, but now they also manifest themselves in teams of scientists in the form of diametrically opposed basic aspirations of researchers, priorities of choice, basic values, interests and style of work, which is revealed in sociological and scientometric analysis. Attempts of Russian science and technology policy subjects to shift the boundary between these principles in the minds of every Russian scientist toward applied problems and economic innovation is, as the history of our country shows, an achievable but dangerous undertaking. The choice – to engage in applied development or fundamental science – should probably be given to the researcher, but not by breaking his interests and priorities directly at his workplace in a historically established scientific institution. For implementation of the state task it is necessary to create an alternative in one or another organizational form – the creation of technological laboratories, innovation centers, scientific and educational complexes, etc. There is a need fora modern branch of applied science in the country. In this case, the complex personal choice may well be realized and implemented by the researcher himself without external destructive administrative pressure.
Les champs-écoles pour renforcer les capacités des agriculteurs et réussir la transition agroécologique
Authors: Bakker Teatske , Poisot Anne-Sophie , Roesch Katia
Published: March 2022

La transition agroécologique requiert de transformer la manière d’accompagner les agriculteurs dans leurs changements de pratiques. Les champs-écoles sont des dispositifs participatifs pertinents pour cela, car ils accroissent les capacités des agriculteurs à expérimenter, à produire des connaissances et à construire eux-mêmes des innovations. Il est toutefois nécessaire de veiller à la qualité de mise en œuvre de ces dispositifs, ce qui a des implications pour les acteurs de la recherche et du développement. Une étude menée en Afrique subsaharienne montre qu’à l’issue de champs-écoles, les agriculteurs initient d’autant plus de changements dans leurs propres exploitations qu’ils ont été des acteurs décisionnaires du dispositif. Ces effets peuvent être mis en lumière par des méthodes qualitatives d’évaluation centrées sur la contribution à l’impact. Également, les champs-écoles gagnent à inclure les femmes, les jeunes et les agriculteurs les plus pauvres, catégories souvent exclues du conseil agricole conventionnel mais reconnues motrices dans les innovations agroécologiques. Enfin, les objectifs de ces dispositifs de conseil doivent pouvoir évoluer chemin faisant, afin de rendre possible l’ajustement aux conditions locales, qu’elles soient environnementales ou socio-économiques.
Effect of Acute Persadia Gymnastic on The Ability to Concentrate in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Rahmadhani Desi Rianti , Herawati Lilik , Mudjanarko Sony Wibisono , Wigati Kristanti Wanito , Mukarromah Laylatul Fitriah , Amru Winna Adelia
Published: March 2022

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) can affect the peripheral and central nervous system. It can affect cognitive function, one of which can be seen from the decrease in the concentration ability. The concentration ability can be assessed by measuring the reaction time. Reaction time is the time interval between the onset of a stimulus and the initiations of a response. One of the important treatments for DM is physical exercises. Persadia gymnastic is one example of physical exercise that is specially designed for people with DM.Aim: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of acute Persadia gymnastic on the concentration ability of people with DM.Material and methods: This was an experimental study in type 2 DM patients. Fourteen subjects who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed and randomly grouped into the control (without performing Persadia gymnastic) and the intervention group (performing Persadia gymnastic). The subject’s reaction times were measured before and after the intervention. The mean results of the reaction time of all subjects were then compared between the control and the intervention groups using the Independent-T test and Mann-Whitney tests.Result: The analyzed data were only 7 subjects per group with a total of 14 subjects. The mean value of reaction time in the intervention group was decreased, both audio (-0.04 ± 0.85) and visual (-0.09 ± 0.56). However, there was no significant difference of the reaction time between control and intervention groups (p > 0.05).Conclusions: Many factors can affect reaction time and some still cannot be controlled in this study due to a lot of limitations. Further research is still needed to figure out the effect of persadia gymnastics on the ability to concentrate in people with Diabetes Mellitus.
Duygusal Zekanın Çalışan Yaratıcılığına Etkisi (The Effect of Emotional Intelligence on Employee Creativity)
Authors: Başalp Afet Ayçe , Onağ A. Ozan
Published: March 2022

Amaç –Günümüzde yaratıcılık kavramı işletmeler arasında rekabet avantajı sağlamada önemli bir faktör olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. İşletmelerin rekabet avantajı sağlamada yeni ürünler, süreçler ve pazarlama yöntemleri geliştirmeleri çalışanlarının yaratıcılık düzeyleri ile yakından ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmada çalışanların yaratıcılık düzeylerinin tespit edilmesi ve duygusal zekalarının yaratıcılık düzeyleri üzerindeki etkilerin araştırılması amaçlanmaktadır.Yöntem –Çalışanların duygusal zekalarını ve yaratıcılık düzeylerinin tespit edilebilmesi için anketler Manisa Organize Sanayi Bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren 20 firmada çalışan 200 beyaz yakalı personele uygulanmıştır. Mart 2020’de yapılan anketler sonucunda 100 kişiden geri dönüş sağlanmıştır. Çalışmada, kolayda örneklem yöntemiyle ulaşılan işletmelere büyük, orta ve küçük ölçekli ayrımına tabi tutulmadan Mart 2020 tarihinde anket uygulaması yapılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSSStatistics 22.00 programı kullanılmıştır.Bulgular –İşletmelerden toplanan anket çalışmasında güvenirlik ve geçerliliklerini tespit etmek amacıyla çalışmada sırayla önce çalışan yaratıcılığı, ardından duygusal zeka ölçeği alt boyutları ile tamamlayıcı güvenirlik ve geçerlilik testlerine ve tamamlayıcı faktör analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Ardından korelasyon analizi ve regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır.Tartışma –İşletmelerdeki beyaz yakalı personelin üzerinde yapılan inceleme sonucunda duygusal zekanın alt boyutları olan duygusal öz farkındalık, empati, kişiler arası ilişki ve öz yönetim boyutlarının çalışan yaratıcılığı üzerinde açıklayıcı etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Tüketicilerin Akıllı Giyilebilir Nesnelerin Kullanımına Yönelik Davranış Niyetlerinin Genişletilmiş Teknoloji Kabul Modeli Aracılığıyla İncelenmesi (Investigation of Consumers Behavioral Intentions to Use Smart Wearables Through Extended Technology Acceptance Model)
Authors: Tiryaki İlker , Gödekmerdan Önder Leyla
Published: March 2022

Amaç –Bu çalışma ile nesnelerin interneti teknolojisi ile çalışan akıllı giyilebilir nesnelerin kullanımına yönelik tüketicilerin davranış niyetleri üzerinde hangi değişkenlerin etkisi olduğunun Genişletilmiş Teknoloji Kabul Modeli(GTKM) kapsamında incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır.Yöntem –Araştırmanın ana kütlesini Ankara ilinde bulunan 18 yaş ve üstü tüketiciler oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında yüz yüze anket tekniği ve kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 23 ve AMOS 23 istatistik paket programlarından yararlanılmıştır. Günümüzde tüketicilerin kullanımına sunulmuş akıllı giyilebilir nesnelere ait tüm ürün gamı araştırma alanına dâhil edilmiştir. Araştırmanın amacına yönelik olarak 10 değişken (bilgi teknolojileri bilgisi, sosyal etki, gizlilik ve güvenlik, algılanan kullanım kolaylığı, maliyet, güven, algılanan fayda, uyumluluk, kullanıma yönelik tutum ve kullanım için davranış niyeti) ile araştırma modeli oluşturulmuştur.Bulgular –Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara göre akıllı giyilebilir nesnelerin kullanımı için tüketicilerin davranış niyetleriüzerinde etkisi olduğu değerlendirilen bilgi teknolojileri bilgisi, algılanan kullanım kolaylığı ve algılanan fayda bağımsız değişkenlerinin kullanıma yönelik tutum bağımlı değişkeni üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kullanıma yönelik tutum bağımlı değişkeninin ise kullanım için davranış niyeti bağımlı değişkeni üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca sosyal etki, gizlilik ve güvenlik, maliyet ve güvenbağımsızdeğişkenlerinintüketicilerin akıllı giyilebilir nesne kullanımına yönelik tutumları üzerinde etkisi olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.Tartışma –Giderek kullanımı yaygınlaşan akıllı giyilebilir nesnelerin kullanımına yönelik olarak işletmeler; yüksek bilgilendirme ve tüketicilerin ürünleri deneyimlemelerini sağlayarak, işlevselliği yüksek, sade, kolay işletebilirliğe sahip ve karmaşıklıktan uzak ürünler tasarlayarak akıllı giyilebilir nesnelere yönelik kabul ve kullanımlarını artırabilirler.
Mobil Pazarlamanın Tüketici Satınalma Davranışlarına Etkisi: Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme (The Effect of Mobile Marketing on Consumer Purchasing Behaviors: A Study on University Students)
Authors: Albayrak Ali Sait , Baydemir Ebru
Published: March 2022

Amaç–Çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin mobil pazarlamacılığa karşı tutumlarını tanımlayan faktörler ile satın alma davranışları arasındaki ilişkileri modelleyip test etmektir.Yöntem–Çalışmada olasılıklı olmayan örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ve veri toplama araçlarından anket kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri olasılıklı olmayan kolayda örneklem yöntemiyle üniversite öğrencileri arasından seçilen 480 katılımcıdan elde edilmiştir. Bulgular–Araştırma sonuçları tüketici tutumlarının eğlendiricilik, bilgi vericilik, güvenilirlik, izin, ödül ve teşvik, fayda, kişisellik, rahatsız edicilik, ilgi ve bağlılık, güncel mobil pazarlama uygulamaları faktörleri ile satın alma davranışı arasındaki ilişkileri kavramsallaştıran modeli doğrulamaktadır.Tartışma–Araştırma hipotezlerin çoğunun doğrulanması, tüketicilerin tutumlarını etkileyen mobil pazarlama faktörlerin önemini göstermektedir. İşletmeler tüketicilere olan güvenini başarılı bir şekilde geliştirirse, mobil pazarlama araçlarını kullanarak pazarlama karmasını zenginleştirebilirler.
Proje Başarı Faktörü Olarak Paydaş Analizinin Ağırlıklandırılması: Savunma Sanayiinde Bir Uygulama (Stakeholder Analysis as a Project Success Factor: An Application in the Defense Industry)
Authors: Avşar Gül , Özgen Pelin
Published: March 2022

Amaç-Literatürdeki önceki çalışmaların ışığında, proje başarı kriterleri içerisinde paydaş faktörünün de dikkate alınması gerektiği kabul edilmektedir. Buradan hareketle, bu çalışmanın amacı paydaş yönetimi ve paydaş analizinin Türkiye’de savunma sanayiindeki projelerde, proje başarı faktörü olarak nasıl değerlendirildiğinin incelenmesidir.Yöntem-Bu çalışmada, proje yönetiminin kullanıldığı savunma sanayii özelinde tanımlayıcı araştırma modeli kullanılarak bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Analizlerde kullanılacak veriler, Türk savunma sektöründe faaliyet gösteren kamu ve özel sektördeki işletmelerde proje yönetimi faaliyetleri içerisinde bulunan 389 katılımcıdan toplanmış ve veriler nicel olarak analiz edilmiştir.Bulgular-Analizde hesaplanmalar sonrasında katılımcılar açısından en önemli olarak görülen faktörün kalite ve zaman olduğu, bu iki faktörü takiben üçüncü olarak önemli kabul edilen faktörün maliyet olarak sayıldığı belirlenmiştir. Katılımcılar, proje başarısında iç paydaş memnuniyetinin etkisinin diğer faktörlere oranla daha az olduğunu belirtmektedirler. Buna ek olarak, katılımcıların paydaş analizi ve yönetimi konusunda çok fazla farkındalıklarının olmadığı ve paydaş yönetiminin kullanılma düzeyinin yeterince yüksek olmadığını göstermektedir. Korelasyon analizi ile bir değişkenin aldığı puan artırırken hangi diğer değişkenin daha fazla etkilendiğinin belirlenmesi ve dolayısıyla hangi iki değişken arasında diğer değişkenlere göre daha fazla ilişki olup olmadığının tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Analiz sonucuna göre hiçbir değişkenin diğerinden fazla daha az ya da fazla önemli görülmediği; maliyet, zaman, kalite ve paydaş memnuniyet puanlarının benzer değerlerde etkilendiği gözlenmiştir.Tartışma-Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda, paydaş analizi ve yönetiminin gerektiği gibi önemsenerek yapılmadığı ortaya konmuştur. Veriler ışığında, proje için yapılan planlama çalışmalarında paydaş yönetim planı oluşturulmasının göz ardı edildiği görülmüştür.Yapılan araştırmadaki katılımcılar açısından en önemli proje başarı faktörünün kalite olduğu değerlendirilmiştir. Ardından zaman ve maliyet faktörleri gelmekte olup katılımcılar tarafından iç paydaş memnuniyetinin, proje başarısında önem yerinin diğer faktörlere oranla daha az olduğunu belirtmektedirler.
Sigorta Acentelerinin Simbiyotik Yapılanmaları Üzerine Bir Vak a Analizi(Analysis of A Case on Symbiotic Structures of Insurance Agents)
Authors: Cesur Erdinç
Published: March 2022

Amaç –Bu çalışmanın amacı, sigorta sektöründe faaliyet gösteren ve Türkiye’de yıllık toplam prim üretiminin yarısından fazlasının gerçekleştirilmesinde (TSB, 2021) önemli bir payı olan sigorta acentelerinin merkez acente ve şubeleri arasında oluşturulan birlikteliklerin yapı ve niteliğini ortaya koymak, aralarında bir “Simbiyotik” (ortakyaşarlık) biçiminin olup olmadığı, varsa ne tür bir yapı olduğunun araştırmaktır.Yöntem –Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı doğrultusunda Doğu Marmara Bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren ve araştırma konusuna uygun olabileceği öngörülen sigorta acentelerinden biri “Amaçlı ve Kolayda Örnekleme” metodu ile seçilerek 6 Mart 2021 ile 6 Haziran 2021 tarihleri arasında merkez ve 28 şubesini kapsayan bir “Vak’a Analizi” (Durum Analizi)yapılmıştır. Veriler, başta gözlem olmak üzere, yarı yapılandırılmış mülakatlar yapılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında bir merkez ve bu merkeze bağlı şubelerden elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular –Yapılan araştırma sonunda; merkez acente ve şubeleri arasındaki teşkilat yapıları incelenmiş ve taraflar arasında simbiyotik ilişkileredayalı bir yapılanmanın ortaya çıktığı görülmüştür. Elde edilen verilere göre, sigorta acentelerinin öncelikle yaşamlarını sürdürebilmek adına başta lokasyon avantajı sağlamak olmak üzere, iş paylaşımı, rekabet gibi sebeplerden dolayı merkez acente ve şube arasında simbiyotik ilişkilerden oluşan bir yapılanmayı tercih edildiği anlaşılmaktadır. Tartışma –Piyasa koşullarının bir zorlaması ile ortaya çıkabilecek bu tür birlikteliklerin “simbiyotik yapılanma” olarak değerlendirilip değerlendirilemeyeceği konusunda böyle bir çalışma yapılmamış olması, bu araştırmanın alanında ilk olabilecek özelliklere sahip olması açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu tarz birlikteliklerinin sektörde yaşanan yoğun rekabet ortamında her iki tarafa da hayatta kalma avantajları sağladığı görülmüştür. Bu sebepten dolayı çalışmanın ilgili literatüre katkı yapması beklenmektedir.
Z Kuşağı Bağlamında Girişimcilik Tutumu ve Sınırsız Kariyer Yöneliminin İncelenmesi(Investigation of Entrepreneurial Attitudes and Unlimited Career Orientation in the Context of Generation Z)
Authors: Ünlü Aslan Merve , Yayla Elif Nisa , Ünüvar Ünlüoğlu Dilara
Published: March 2022

Amaç –Bu çalışma örgütlerine karşı bağımlılığı düşük olan, çabuk sıkılan ve standart işleri yapmak istemeyen Z kuşağının sınırsız kariyer yönelimi ve girişimcilik tutumu ilişkisinin belirlenmesi amacı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir.Yöntem –Kesitsel, tarayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı olarak tasarlanan bu araştırmanın evrenini 12 Ağustos-12 Ekim 2021 tarihlerinde Kayseri İlinde bulunan dört üniversitede aktif olarak öğrenim gören 87.782 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. 1990 yılı ve sonrasında doğan kişilerin Z kuşağı olduğu kabul edilerek, örnekleme dahil edilen 406 kişi söz konusu sınıflandırma kapsamında tesadüfi örneklemeyle araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılan ankette Sınırsız Kariyer Yönelimi Ölçeği, Girişimci Davranışa Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği ve demografik özellikleri ölçmeye yönelik sorular yer almaktadır. Anket verileri IBM SPSS Statistics 21 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin Cronbach’ Alpha Değeri ,781 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Veriler normal dağılmakta ve bundan dolayı veri analizlerinde parametrik testler kullanılmıştır.Bulgular –Pearson korelasyon testine göre sınırsız kariyer yönelimleri ile girişimcilik tutumu arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir korelasyon bulunmuştur. Basit doğrusal regresyon testi bulguları incelendiğinde ise değişkenler arasında kurulan regresyon modelinin uygun olduğu bulgusu elde edilmiştir. Sınırsız kariyer yönelimi, girişimcilik tutumundaki değişimin yaklaşık %16’sını açıklamaktadır. Regresyon katsayılarının anlamlılığına ilişkin t testi sonuçlarına bakıldığında sınırsız kariyer yöneliminin, girişimcilik tutumu üzerinde pozitif yönde bir etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tartışma –Çalışmada sınırsız kariyer yöneliminin girişimcilik üstünde belirleyici faktör olduğuna dikkat çekilmiştir. Gelecek dönemlerde iş dünyasının büyük çoğunluğunu oluşturacak olan Z kuşağının kariyerini yönlendirecek ve girişimcilik ruhunu ortaya çıkartacak eğitim programlarının tasarlanması, örgüt içerisindeki üstlerin farklı kariyer fırsatları ile ilgili olarak astlarını bilgilendirmeleri, ihtiyaç duydukları ek eğitimlere katılmalarını desteklemeleri, örgüt içerisindeki kariyer fırsatlarının birtakım kurallarla formelleştirilmesi ve informel uygulamalarla bu tarz bir kültürün örgüte yerleştirilmeye çalışılmasının sağlanması önerilmektedir.
Strain Characterisation for Measuring Bioefficacy of ITNs Treated with Two Active Ingredients (Dual-AI ITNs): Developing a Robust Protocol by Building Consensus
Authors: Lees Rosemary Susan , Armistead Jennifer S , Azizi Salum , Constant Edi , Fornadel Christen , Gimnig John E , Hemingway Janet , Impoinvil Daniel , Irish Seth R , Kisinza William , Lissenden Natalie , Mawejje Henry D , Messenger Louisa A , Moore Sarah , Ngufor Corine , Oxborough Richard , Protopopoff Natacha , Ranson Hilary , Small Graham , Wagman Joseph , Weetman David , Zohdy Sarah , Spiers Angus
Published: March 2022

Durability monitoring of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) containing a pyrethroid in combination with a second active ingredient (AI) must be adapted so that the insecticidal bioefficacy of each AI can be monitored independently. An effective way to do this is to measure rapid knock down of a pyrethroid-susceptible strain of mosquitoes to assess the bioefficacy of the pyrethroid component and to use a pyrethroid-resistant strain to measure the bioefficacy of the second ingredient. To allow robust comparison of results across tests within and between test facilities, and over time, protocols for bioefficacy testing must include either characterisation of the resistant strain, standardisation of the mosquitoes used for bioassays, or a combination of the two. Through a series of virtual meetings, key stakeholders and practitioners explored different approaches to achieving these goals. Via an iterative process we decided on the preferred approach and produced a protocol consisting of characterising mosquitoes used for bioefficacy testing before and after a round of bioassays, for example at each time point in a durability monitoring study. We present the final protocol and justify our approach to establishing a standard methodology for durability monitoring of ITNs containing pyrethroid and a second AI.
Effects of Nursery Substrates Added with Horticultural Mediums on Growth Qualities of Plug Seedlings and Consolidation Capacities of Root Lumps
Authors: Han Luhua , Mo Menghan , Gao Yansu , Ma Haorui , Xiang Daqian , Ma Guoxin , Mao Hanping
Published: March 2022

Automation of vegetable seedling transplanting has provided opportunities for saving labors and improving productivity. Some changes in seedling agronomy are necessary for efficient transplanting. In this study, the local nursery substrates were added with the herbaceous peat, the sphagnum peat and the coir peat, respectively. Effects of the new compound substrates were investigated on the seedling qualities and the root-substrate strength. In the results, we found that the addition of these horticultural mediums significantly affected the physiochemical properties of the original substrates. Under the same nursery conditions, some appropriate additions could promote the seedling growth. And the deficient or excessive additions were to inhibit the growing development of seedlings and their roots. The corresponding additions would also improve the structural characteristics of the root lumps. Generally, the nursery substrates added with the sphagnum peat were relatively optimized in contribution to the seedling qualities and the root-substrate strength. Especially as the commercial substrate and the sphagnum peat were mixed at the volume ratio of 2:1, the dry matter accumulation of seedlings was 2.18 times more than the original. Their root lumps had the best consolidation strength, which may be an effective application for the necessary qualities of seedlings for automatic transplanting.
Negative Electrical Conductivity Metamaterials
Authors: Bormashenko Edward
Published: March 2022

The system of non-interacting electrically charged core-massless spring-shell mechanical units, demonstrating negative effective mass, is considered, seen as a Drude-Lorentz gas. When such an ideal gas is exposed to the external harmonic field, it demonstrates as the certain conditions the negative frequency-dependent electrical conductivity. The negative value of the electrical conductivity implies that the electrical current will flow against the direction of the electric field and correspondingly the direction of the electrical force. Low- and high-frequency asymptotic behavior of the electrical conductivity is addressed. The same system demonstrates at low frequencies the negative asymptotic refraction. Experimental realization of the introduced model system, based on the exploitation of plasma oscillations of the free electron gas is suggested.
Ambientes de Aprendizagem: do real ao imersivo
Authors: Vieira Luís Miguel Silva , Brazão José Paulo Gomes
Published: March 2022

No presente artigo se aborda a aprendizagem a partir de uma perspetiva construtivista e o potencial que ambientes híbridos e imersivos podem ter no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, nos quais se assume de significativa relevância considerar o envolvimento ativo e o estímulo da agência do estudante no processo de construção de conhecimento. Neste sentido, os autores apresentam considerações teóricas e reflexões que visam consciencializar para ambientes emergentes de aprendizagem, diferentes modelos de ensino híbrido e para várias mídias imersivas, assim como, contribuir para a reflexão e consolidação dos fundamentos da aprendizagem nesses contextos.

Enfatizar a aprendizagem situacional, integrando ambientes híbridos e imersivos, pode conduzir o estudo da educação e da aprendizagem a novos rumos.
Efektivitas Lidokain Intravena Kontinyu Perioperatif Terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Dan Total Konsumsi Opioid Pasca Bedah Dekompresi Dan Stabilisasi Posterior Vertebra
Authors: Rachman Fadli , R Ratnawati , Musba Andi Muhammad Takdir
Published: March 2022

introduction: Intravenous lidocaine had been used as multimodal analgesia strategy in treating acute postoperative pain. This study aimed to examine the effectivity of perioperative intravenous lidocaine infusion on pain intensity and total opioid requirements postoperative. Methods:  This study was  a double blind randomized control trial on ASA physical status I-II, aged 18-60, BMI 18-30 kg/m2 underwent to spine decompression and stabilisation surgery in Wahidin Sudirohusodo general hosputal, Makassar. Results:   The samples were randomly devided into lidocaine group ( n=28) received lidocaine 1,5 mg/kg before intubation, followed by 1,5 mg/kg/hour intraoperative and 1 mg/kg/hour untl 12 hour postoperative, and the control group (n=28) received placebo NaCl 0,9%. The data were analyzed with Chi-square test, independent-t test, and Mann-Whitney test, and considered significant if the p value <0,05. The study result showed that compared to the control group, the pain intensity of lidocaine group were lower in measurement time 6 (p=0,05),12 (p=0,045) and 24 (p=0,031) hour postoperative but not in 2 (p=148) and 4 (p=0,472)  hour postoperative. Total fentanyl consumption 24 hour postoperative  were lower in lidocaine group ( 418,32±146,45 vs 579,86±145,29 ; p=0,000). Conclusions:  This study concluded that administration of intravenous lidocaine infusion perioperative able to reduce pain intensity dan total opioid requirements after spine decompression and stabilisation surgery.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis CT-Scan Features and Sputum Smear in Tertiary Referral Hospital
Authors: Bachtiar Nur Amelia , Asriyani Sri , Murtala Bachtiar , Djaharuddin Irawaty , Alfian Zainuddin Andi , Latief Nikmatia
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Management of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) from primary and secondary health centers might affect the result of sputum acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear and features of lung computed tomography scan (CT-scan) presented in tertiary hospitals. The study aims to investigate comparison between CT-scan features of PTB with sputum AFB smear in Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital as the top referral hospital in the Eastern part of Indonesia. Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients diagnosed as PTB by pulmonologist of nine months period. Patients with available CT-scan and sputum AFB smear results are included in the study. CT-scan features re-evaluated with RadiAnt DICOM viewer for standardized reading. The relationship between data obtained was analyzed with a chi-square test. Results: Sixty-one PTB patients were entered into the study. The three most common features found in CT were consolidation (93.4%) followed by Tree-in-bud (91.8%), and fibrosis calcification (85.2%). Relationship of CT features and sputum AFB smear was significant on cavity (p-value: 0.002) and pleural effusion (p-value: 0.020). However, unlike cavity (OR = 1.667), pleural effusion has opposite relationship (OR = 0.205) with sputum AFB smear. Conclusions: Pulmonary tuberculosis CT features seen in top referral hospitals can be very severe with consolidation and tree-in-buds as the most common features found in more than 90% of the cases. Feature of cavity may help radiologist to distinct highly active PTB with positive sputum AFB smear while presence of pleural effusion should raise the suspicion from pulmonologists to add further laboratory investigation.
Comparison of Helsinki CT and Rotterdam CT Scoring Systems As Prognostic Factors of Brain Injury
Authors: Yap Kenny Edward , Islam Andi Asadul , Ihwan Andi , Baan Junus Asiu Bulu , Hamid Firdaus
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Brain injury is a major cause of death and disability. Computerized Tomography (CT) scanning of the brain is essential for diagnostic screening in need of neurosurgical intervention and also provide information about patient prognosis. Methods: This study is a retrospective study design to assess the comparison of the CT scan scoring system of the head with the prognostic factors of brain injury. Head CT Scans were assessed according to the following Rotterdam and Helsinki CT Scores. All patients were managed according to standard guidelines. Surgery was performed as indicated. The primary objective was mortality assessed using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge and 3 months after. Results: Altogether, 60 patients were included. The results of the ROC analysis of the two CT scoring systems, the Helsinki score provided a better sensitivity score> 80% compared to the Rotterdam score, with a positive predictive value of around 74% each for assessing the outcome (GOS) of brain injury patients Conclusions: The Helsinki score scoring system provides a better sensitivity compared to the Rotterdam score
The Axillary Nerve Danger Zone in Percutaneous Fixation in the Pediatric Shoulder
Authors: Stavinoha Tyler J. , Randhawa Sahej D. , Trivedi Sunny , Dingel Aleksei , Shea Kevin G. , Frick Steven L.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Adult literature cites an axillary nerve danger zone of 5 to 7 cm distal to the acromion tip for open or percutaneous shoulder surgery, but that may not be valid for younger patients. This study sought to quantify the course of the axillary nerve in adolescent patients with reference to easily identifiable intraoperative anatomic and radiographic parameters.

Methods:

A single-institution hospital database was reviewed for shoulder magnetic resonance images (MRIs) in patients 10 to 17 years old. One hundred and one MRIs from patients with a mean age of 15.6 ± 1.2 years (range, 10 to 17 years) were included. Axillary nerve branches were identified in the coronal plane as they passed lateral to the proximal humerus and were measured in relation to identifiable intraoperative surface and radiographic landmarks, including the acromion tip, apex of the humeral head, lateral physis, and central apex of the physis. The physeal apex height (i.e., 1 “mountain”) was defined as the vertical distance between the most lateral point of the humeral physis (LPHP) and the central intraosseous apex of the physis.

Results:

Axillary nerve branches were found in all specimens, adjacent to the lateral cortex of the proximal humerus. A mean of 3.7 branches (range, 2 to 6) were found. The mean distance from the most proximal branch (BR1) to the most distal branch (BR2) was 11.7 mm. The pediatric danger zone for the axillary nerve branches ranged from 6.6 mm proximal to 33.1 mm distal to the LPHP. The danger zone in relation to percent of physeal apex height included from 62% proximal to 242% distal to the LPHP.

Conclusions:

All branches were found distal to the apex of the physis (1 “mountain” height proximal to the LPHP). Distal to the LPHP, no branches were found beyond a distance of 3 times the physeal apex height (3 “valleys”). In children and adolescents, percutaneous fixation of the proximal humerus should be performed with cortical penetration outside of this range. These parameters serve as readily identifiable intraoperative radiographic landmarks to minimize iatrogenic nerve injury.

Clinical Relevance:

This study provides valuable landmarks for percutaneous approaches to the proximal humerus. The surgical approach for the placement of percutaneous implants should be adjusted accordingly (i.e., performed at least 1 mountain proximal or 3 valleys distal to the LPHP) in order to prevent iatrogenic injury to the axillary nerve.
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND WAGE SPILLOVERS IN THE INDONESIAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
Authors: Yasin Mohammad Zeqi , Esquivias Miguel Angel , Arifin Nur
Published: March 2022

We examine whether foreign direct investment (FDI) influences wage spillover in the manufacturing sector in Indonesia from the perspective of three recipients (dimensions): industry, province, and technology intensity. Annual data of Indonesian manufacturing firms from 2011 to 2015 is employed. Using the Fixed Effect Model, we found the spatial (province) dimension to matter the most as it consistently indicates that inward FDI depresses wages in the recipient province. When we split the observation based on firm size, FDI inflows within the same technological intensive subsectors were found to discourage wages. Only FDI inflows within the host industries support higher salaries for smaller domestic firms. The coordination between central and local governments remains essential to ensure that local companies are sufficiently competitive with foreign companies.
A REFLECTION OF SUSTAINABLE INCLUSIVE GROWTH POST-PANDEMIC AND THE CENTRAL BANK’S CHALLENGES BEYOND STABILITY
Authors: Warjiyo Perry
Published: March 2022

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Rockfall Kinematics from Massive Rock Cliffs: Outlier Boulders and Flyrock from Whitney Portal, California, Rockfalls
Authors: Collins Brian D. , Corbett Skye C. , Horton Elizabeth J. , Gallegos Alan J.
Published: March 2022

Geologic conditions and topographic setting are among the most critical factors for assessing rockfall hazards. However, other subtle features of rockfall motion may also govern the runout of rockfall debris, particularly for those sourced from massive cliffs where debris can have substantial momentum during transport. Rocks may undergo collisions with trees and talus boulders, with the latter potentially generating flyrock—launched rock pieces resulting from boulder collisions that follow distinctively different paths than the majority of debris. Collectively, these intricacies of rockfall kinematics may substantially govern the hazards expected from rockfall to both persons and infrastructure located beneath steep cliffs. Here, we investigate the kinematics, including outlier boulder and flyrock trajectories, of seismically triggered rockfalls on 24 June 2020 that damaged campground facilities near Whitney Portal, CA, a heavily used outdoor recreation gateway to the Sierra Nevada mountains. Our results, obtained in part by rockfall runout model simulations, indicate that outlier boulder trajectories resulted from opportunities provided by less steep terrain beyond the talus edge. The influence of trees, initially thought to have served a protective capacity in attenuating rockfall energy, appears to have been negligible for the large boulder volumes (>50 m3) mobilized, although they did potentially deflect the trajectory of flyrock debris. Rockfall outlier boulders from the event were comparable in volume and runout distance to prehistoric boulders located beyond the talus slope, thereby providing some level of confidence in the use of a single rockfall shadow angle for estimating future rockfall hazards at the site.
A Spectrogram Based Novel Approach for Arrhythmia Detection with Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Rao Sneha , Singh Vishwa Mohan , Kulkarni Siddhivinayak , Saran Vibhor
Published: March 2022

ECG is one of the most important medical scans which is used for diagnosis of various heart related conditions and diseases. One of the most common of these is arrhythmia, which is caused by the irregularity of the heart beats. Artificial Intelligence has had a major impact in the field of vital monitoring and autonomous medical diagnosis. Therefore, a lot of work has demonstrated its effectiveness in arrhythmia detection. In this paper, we propose a method that tries to improve upon the accuracy of such models with the help of a light weight deep learning architecture that utilized 2D Separable CNN with a group of graphical representations of the ECG signals like the STFT, CWT and MFCC. Our model has achieved an accuracy of 97.41 and an F1 score of 88.20 on a processed version of the MIT-BIH dataset and takes on an average 7.93 times less calculations compared to a simple 2D Convolution model.
Genetic analysis and pregnancy outcomes of fetuses with kidney and urinary tract anomalies
Authors: Yuan Tingting , Ding Lina , Peng Juan , Chen Min , Chen Fei , Xie Yinong , Li Nan , Jian Wei , Chen Jingsi , Chen Jieyun , Wu Xiaojuan , Liu Yu , Zhang Huimin , He Wenzhi , Lin Chunjiao , Gao Zhilin , Li Zhihua
Published: March 2022

Objective: To explore the genetic basis and pregnancy outcomes of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUTs).Methods: We analyzed the ultrasonographic features, results of prenatal diagnostic tests (chromosomal karyotype analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis [CMA], and whole exome sequencing [WES]), and pregnancy outcomes of fetuses with CAKUTs.Results: The main ultrasonographic features of 1197 CAKUTs were hydronephrosis, multicystic dysplastic kidney, renal agenesis, and duplex kidney. Of 413 fetuses that underwent prenatal genetic tests, 80 (19.37%, 80/413) had clinically significant abnormal results, including 27 fetuses with chromosome abnormalities and 40 with pathogenic copy number variations (CNVs)/variations of uncertain significance (VOUSs). Of the 26 fetuses that underwent WES, 13 (50.00%, 13/26) had pathogenic/likely pathogenic point mutations. The incidence of genetic abnormalities was significantly lower for isolated CAKUTs (11.36%, 36/317) than for CAKUTs with additional anomalies (45.83%, 44/96; p < 0.05). The operation rate among live-born children with CAKUTs was 6.75% (51/755). The anteroposterior diameter (APD) of the renal pelvis in the third trimester could predict the necessity of postnatal surgery, and the sensitivity and specificity of APD ≥ 17.5 mm were 63.2% and 94.7%, respectively.Conclusions: The main geneetic causes of isolated CAKUT were copy number variations (CNVs) and genetic abnormalities. CMA has important value in CAKUT fetuses with normal karyotype and can increase the detection rate by 4%; WES can significantly improve the genetic detection rate of CAKUT fetuses. Fetuses with isolated urinary abnormalities have a good prognosis after birth.
Treponema endosymbionts are the dominant bacterial members with ureolytic potential in the gut of the wood-feeding termite, Reticulitermes hesperus
Authors: Lin Jonathan Y , Huang Laibin , Won Sung J , Rodrigues Jorge L.M.
Published: March 2022

Termites are remarkable for their ability to digest cellulose from wood as their main energy source, but the extremely low nitrogen (N) content of their diet presents a major challenge for N acquisition. Besides the activity of N 2 -fixing bacteria in the gut, the recycling of N from waste products by symbiotic microbes as a complementary N-provisioning mechanism in termites remains poorly understood. In this study, we used a combination of high-throughput amplicon sequencing, quantitative PCR, and cultivation to characterize the microbial community capable of degrading urea, a common waste product, into ammonia in the guts of termites ( Reticulitermes hesperus ) from a wild and laboratory-reared colony. Taxonomic analysis indicated that a majority of the urease ( ureC ) genes in the termite gut (53.0%) matched with a Treponema endosymbiont of gut protists previously found in several other termites, suggesting an important contribution to the nutrition of essential cellulolytic protists. Furthermore, analysis of both the 16S rRNA and ureC amplicons revealed that the laboratory colony had decreased diversity and altered community composition for both prokaryotic and ureolytic microbial communities in the termite gut. Estimation by quantitative PCR showed that microbial ureC genes decreased in abundance in the laboratory-reared colony compared to the wild colony. In addition, most of our cultivated isolates appeared to originate from non-gut environments. Together, our results underscore a more important role for ureolysis by endosymbionts within protists than by free-swimming bacteria in the gut lumen of R. hesperus .
Non-HDL-C is associated with the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction in Chinese populations with diabetes
Authors: Chen Chen , Su Hua , Tang Zhenwang , Yue Jianbo , Liu Changhui , Tang Yixin , Luo Xiaotian
Published: March 2022

Background: Non-HDL-C has been associated with the prognosis and long-term prognosis of acute myocardial infarction, but the association between non-HDL-C and the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction in the Chinese population remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore whether non-HDL-C is related to the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction in the Chinese, and to further explore its relationship with the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction in subjects with diabetes.Methods and Results: We reviewed the medical records of patients who visited the Department of Cardiology at the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China from May 1, 2012 to September 30, 2020. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 6558 subjects were included in the non-AMI group and 3386 subjects were included in the AMI group. In the entire population, non-HDL-C was associated with the incidence of acute myocardial infarction, regardless of adjustment for confounding factors. In non-diabetic patients, non-HDL-C, HDL-C, LDL-C was found to be associated with the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction. In subjects with diabetes, non-HDL-C was associated with AMI without adjusting for confounding factors (Model 1) (OR: 1.268, 95%CI 1.035-1.547, P=0.022), and LDL-C was not associated with AMI (OR: 1.129, 95%CI 0.904 -- 1.411, P=0.286), HDL-C was negatively correlated with the incidence of acute myocardial infarction (OR: 0.577, 95%CI 0.418 -- 0.796, P < 0.001). After adjusting for age and sex (Model 2), non-HDL-C was positively correlated with the incidence of acute myocardial infarction (OR: 1.371, 95%CI 1.103-1.704, P=0.004), while the correlation between HDL-C and LDL-C and acute myocardial infarction was not observed. After adjusting for age, sex, hypertension/smoking, and BMI (Model 3), non-HDL-C was positively correlated with the incidence of acute myocardial infarction (OR: 1.381, 95%CI 1.103-1.728, P=0.005), and no correlation was observed between HDL-C and LDL-C and acute myocardial infarction.Conclusions：In subjects with diabetes, after adjusting for confounders associated with coronary heart disease, non-HDL-C was found to be associated with AMI, whereas HDL-C and LDL-C were not associated with AMI. In addition, non-HDL-C can also be found to be related to the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction in patients without diabetes.
Sutureless socket technique after removal of third molars : a multicentric, open, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Takadoum Sarah , Douilly Grégory , De Boutray Marie , Kabani Sarah , Maladière Eric , Demattei Christophe , Lapeyrie Philippe
Published: March 2022

Background: Although wisdom-tooth extraction is a routine intervention, the postoperative period remains marked by local inflammation classically manifesting as pain, edema and trismus. Furthermore, there is no consensus on the best operative techniques, particularly for the mucosal closure stage on impacted mandibular wisdom teeth. Methods: This parallel, randomized, non-blinded study compared pain following removal of impacted third molars, with and without sutures. Patients were electronically allocated 1:1 to extraction with versus without sutures. Patients ≥14 years’ old scheduled for extraction of four impacted wisdom teeth under general anesthesia at three French hospitals were eligible for inclusion. Exclusion criteria included taking antiplatelet agents or anticoagulants, coagulation disorders or immunosuppression, and planned orofacial surgical procedures or emergency pain/infection. The primary objective was pain evaluated by Visual Analogue Scale on Day 3. Secondary outcomes were edema, trismus, healing, complications, painkiller consumption and quality of life on Day 3 and 31. Results: Between June 2016 and November 2018, 100 patients were randomized. Finally, 44 patients in the Suture group and 50 patients in the Without Suture group were analyzed. Mean age was 16.5 years and 66.6% of patients were female. After adjustment on center, age and smoking, no statistical difference was seen between groups for pain on Day 3 (p=0.904). No differences were seen for swelling, trismus, consumption of painkillers, healing, complications or quality of life. Smokers had a 3.65 times higher complications rate (p=0.0244). Conclusions: Sutureless removal of third molars is thus a reliable technique without negative consequence on outcomes, and allows shorter operating time. Smoking is a risk factor for postoperative complications. Trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02583997), registered 22th October 2015.
IPACK (Infiltration between the Popliteal Artery and the Capsule of the Knee) and Adductor Canal Block (ACB) versus Periarticular Injection (PAI) Enhances Postoperative Pain Control in Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: AlJa'bari Aboud , Khoury Fouad Issa El
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND:Motor-sparing peripheral nerve blocks, such as the infiltration between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee (IPACK) and the adductor canal block (ACB), are promising analgesic pathways but supporting literature remains rare. Periarticular injections (PAIs) are becoming an essential multimodal joint analgesia. We hypothesized that ACB and IPACK would lower pain on ambulation on postoperative day (POD) 1 compared to PAI alone.METHODS:This double-blinded randomized controlled trial included 50 patients undergoing ACL repair. Patients either received (1) a PAI (control group, n = 26) or (2) an iPACK with an ACB (intervention group, n = 24). The primary outcome was pain on ambulation on POD 1. Secondary outcomes included numeric rating scale (NRS) pain scores, patient satisfaction, and opioid consumption.RESULTS:The intervention group reported significantly lower pain scores on ambulation than the control group on POD 1 (difference in means [95% confidence interval]; P < .001). In addition, pain scores on ambulation on POD 2 for group B (3.5 [-4.3 to -2.7]) and POD 2 for group A (1.0 [1.9 to 0.1]; with P = .033) were significantly lower. Patients in the intervention group were more satisfied, had less intravenous opioid consumption (post anesthesia care unit, P = .028), and reduced need for intravenous patient-controlled analgesia for the first 24 hours (P = .037).CONCLUSIONS:The addition of iPACK and ACB significantly improves analgesia and reduces opioid consumption after ACL repair compared to PAI alone. This study strongly supports iPACK and ACB use within a multimodal analgesic pathway.