bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LICHEN SEBAGAI BIOINDIKATOR KUALITAS UDARA DI KECAMATAN JEBRES KOTA SURAKARTA
Authors: Ramadhani Rina Wahyu , Salsabila Nadia , Mumpuni Kistantia Elok
Published: December 2022

Surakarta is a city with polluted air due to transportation activities. Utilization of bioindicators could be one of efforts to monitor air pollution. Lichen is one of the air quality bioindicators that can be observed based on its morphological characteristics. This study aimed to determine air quality using lichen bioindicators at two stations in the Jebres sub-district, namely on UNS street and Juanda street. These two locations have different environmental characteristics and traffic density. This study is a descriptive exploratory research using purposive sampling method. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively based on the morphological characteristics of the lichen found. The results showed that nine species of lichen found in UNS street area, while five species of lichen in Juanda street area. Apparently, morphological character of lichen consisted of crustose, leprose, and foliose thallus types with bright thallus colour, larger diameter, and more individuals, whereas in Juanda street is crustose and leprosy with a duller color, smaller diameter, and fewer individuals. In fact, the vehicle density in the area of Juanda street was higher than UNS street area. As it is largerly known that the type and morphology are influenced by the environmental quality. Therefore, based on the founded lichen’s type and morphology, the area of Juanda street was likely more polluted than UNS street area. Our finding suported that lichen could be bioindicator for air quality.
HUBUNGAN LAMA BERKENDARA DENGAN RISIKO TERJADINYA CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME PADA PENGEMUDI OJEK ONLINE DI PEKABARU
Authors: Awanda Novri , Karim Darwin , Erwin Erwin
Published: December 2022

Pengendara ojek online bekerja 8-12 jam perhari dalam membawa, menjemput serta menanti orderan penumpang dengan posisi yang kebanyakan tidak ergonomis. Lamanya waktu kerja tersebut dan kurangnya waktu istirahat serta pekerjaan yang monoton dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya carpal tunnel syndrome. Carpal tunnel syndrome adalah serangkaian tanda dan gejala yang disebabkan oleh kompresi saraf median di terowongan karpal pergelangan tangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan lama berkendara dengan risiko terjadinya carpal tunnel syndrome pada pengemudi ojek online. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner lama berkendara dan carpal tunnel syndrome yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 98 orang yang di ambil berdasarkan kriteria inklusi bekerja sebagai pengendara gojek, pengendara yang sudah bekerja lebih dari 1 tahun menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisa data menggunakan univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Chi-Square. Didapatkan hasil pada penelitian ini adalah dewasa awal yaitu pada rentang 26-35 tahun sebanyak 47 orang (48,0%), berjenis kelamin laki-laki sebanyak 95 orang (96,9%), indeks massa tubuh normal sebanyak 58 orang (59,2), masa kerja ≥3 tahun sebanyak 69 orang (70,4%), pengemudi yang berkendara lama sebanyak 77 orang (78,6%) dan pengemudi dengan risiko carpal tunnel syndrome sebesar 71 orang (72,4%) dan hasil uji chi-square diperoleh hasil p value 0,000< α (0,05). Lama berkendara mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan risiko terjadinya carpal tunnel syndrome dan kepada peneliti selanjutnya supaya bisa melakukan penelitian tentang pencegahan yang bisa diberikan sebagai langkah awal untuk menghindari terjadinya carpal tunnel syndrome.
EFEKTIVITAS PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN TENTANG INSPEKSI VISUAL ASAM ASETAT DENGAN MEDIA VIDEO TERHADAP NIAT WUS UNTUK DETEKSI DINI KANKER SERVIKS
Authors: Claudi Novlin , Utami Sri , Arneliwati
Published: December 2022

Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat (IVA) merupakan salah satu cara deteksi dini kanker serviks yang disarankan karena lebih mudah dan sederhana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penyuluhan kesehatan tentang inspeksi visual asam asetat dengan media video terhadap niat WUS untuk deteksi dini kanker serviks. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pra experimental design dengan one group pretest-posttest, populasi wanita 30-50 tahun, sampling dengan snowball sampling sebanyak 34 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah analisa univariat dan bivariat (Uji Wilcoxon). Menunjukkan bahwa penyuluhan kesehatan tentang inspeksi visual asam asetat dengan media video efektif terhadap niat WUS untuk deteksi dini kanker serviks dengan nilai p 0,000 < α (0,05). Penyuluhan kesehatan tentang IVA efektif dalam meningkatkan niat WUS untuk deteksi dini kanker serviks, rekomendasi bagi puskesmas untuk menjadikan sebagai dasar dalam menurunkan angka kejadian kanker serviks yang ditemukan sudah stadium lanjut.
GAMBARAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DALAM PERAWATAN HIPERTENSI DI WILYAH KERJA UPT PUSKESMAS BAGANSIAPIAPI
Authors: Manalu Gina Febiola , Arneliwati Arneliwati , Novayelinda Riri
Published: December 2022

Hipertensi disebut silent killer, penderita hipertensi dianjurkan melakukan upaya pengendalian hipertensi guna menghindari komplikasi seperti stroke. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran dukungan keluarga dalam perawatan hipertensi di wilayah kerja UPT Puskesmas Bagansiapiapi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 87 responden keluarga penderita hipertensi dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner yang telah dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat. Menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki dukungan keluarga yang baik sebanyak 47 (54,0%). Bentuk dukungan keluarga yang paling banyak diberikan adalah dukungan instrumental sebanyak 50 (57,5%). Kepada peneliti selanjutnya diharapkan dapat melakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan variabel lain seperti dukungan ekonomi keluarga terhadap perawatan hipertensi, dengan menggunakan metode dan lokasi yang berbeda.
GAMBARAN KESEHATAN MATA PADA REMAJA
Authors: Veronika Septi , Novayelinda Riri , Rizka Yulia
Published: December 2022

Masalah kesehatan mata pada remaja dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor salah satunya adalah penggunaan gadget. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi gambaran kesehatan mata pada remaja. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah 120 siswa SMA kelas X dan XI menggunakan teknik kluster sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner OSDI untuk menilai tingkat gejala kerusakan permukaan mata (mata kering) dan CVS-Q untuk mengukur/menilai gejala pada mata dan visual yang dirasakan selama dan atau setelah penggunaan komputer, serta pemeriksaan Cover test untuk mengenali terdapatnya mata juling tropia (nyata) dan foria (tersembunyi), dan PEEK Acuity untuk menilai ketajaman penglihatan. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif sederhana dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil analisa didapatkan bahwa penggunaan perangkat teknologi terbanyak ialah smartphone dengan durasi >2 jam/hari. Hasil penelitian didapatkan dari 120 responden 11 orang (9,2%) mengalami penurunan tajam penglihatan, 69 orang (57,5%) mengalami mata kering, 9 orang (7,5%) mengalami CVS dan 2 orang (2,5%) mengalami strabismus (ekstropia).  Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam ilmu keperawatan tentang gambaran kesehatan mata pada remaja yaitu peningkatan intervensi untuk kesehatan mata khususnya pada remaja. Serta dapat memberikan edukasi untuk membatasi durasi penggunaan gawai dalam batas normal.
HUBUNGAN LAMA MENDERITA HIPERTENSI DAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN KEPATUHAN DIET PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS SIMPANG TIGA
Authors: Yosfand Nada Zafira , Yulia Rizka  , Elita Veny
Published: December 2022

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit yang membutuhkan monitoring ketat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi lama menderita hipertensi dan dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan diet pasien hipertensi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 94 responden pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Simpang Tiga dengan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner skala likert dan  guttman. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah analisa univariat dan bivariat Korelasi Spearman Rho. Hasil penelitian didapatkan responden paling banyak adalah lansia akhir (45.7%) dengan jenis kelamin perempuan (58.3%), pendidikan terakhir SMA (44,7%), responden dengan penyakit penyerta (48,9%),dan didapatkan sebagian besar responden cukup patuh dalam menjalankan diet hipertensi (50%).  Analisa bivariat Korelasi Spearman Rho didapatkan adanya korelasi positif antara lama menderita hipertensi (0,208), dukungan keluarga (0,335) dengan kepatuhan diet. Hasil uji statistik didapatkan p value (p=0,038, p= 0,001) < alpha (0,05)  yang menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara lama menderita hipertensi dan dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan diet. Keluarga diharapkan untuk memberikan dukungan pada pasien hipertensi yang baru atau yang sudah lama menderita hipertensi supaya  meningkatkan kepatuhan dalam menjalankan diet hipertensi.
HUBUNGAN JENIS PEKERJAAN DENGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG PEMERAHAN DAN PENYIMPANAN ASI EKSKLUSIF
Authors: Ulandari Ulandari , Amir Yufitriana , Dewi Yulia Irvani
Published: December 2022

Menyusui eksklusif adalah tidak memberikan bayi makanan atau minuman lain, selain menyusui. Bekerja umumnya merupakan kegiatan yang menyita waktu bagi ibu. Salah satu penyebab belum berhasilnya praktek pemberian ASI eksklusif adalah ibu bekerja. Mengetahui hubungan jenis pekerjaan dengan pengetahuan ibu tentang cara pemerahan dan penyimpanan ASI eksklusif. Penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif korelasi dengan metode cross sectional study. Jumlah sampel 96 orang tempat penelitian di kota pekanbaru dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Alat pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner. Analisa data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa ibu dengan jenis pekerjaan paling banyak yaitu pekerjaan formal (70,8), Jenis pekerjaan dengan pengetahuan ibu tentang cara memerah ASI tinggi (56,3%) dan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis pekerjaan dengan pengetahuan ibu tentang cara memerah ASI dengan p value 0,020 < (0,05). cara penyimpanan tinggi (49,0%) menunjukkan p-value sebesar 0,046 < α (0,05) terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis pekerjaan dengan pengetahuan ibu tentang penyimpanan ASI. Jenis pekerjaan ibu dengan praktek pemberian ASI memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan pengetahuan ibu tentang cara memerah ASI, jenis pekerjaan ibu memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan cara penyimpanan ASI eksklusif.
Comparative study on fattening performance of different goat breeds supplemented with common fodder trees in mid hills of Nepal
Authors: Ghimire S. H. , Nepali Karki D. B. , Shah R. , Ghimire R. P. , Malla S.
Published: December 2022

Goat (Capra hircus) is important meat animal of the country. Fattening performance of different breeds of goats with common mid hill fodder trees was conducted in Completely Randomized Design with 4×5 factorial arrangements at Goat Research Station, Tanahun. The first factor was breed of goats and second factor was species of fodder trees. The main parameters monitored included dry matter (DM) intake, fattening performance and average daily gain (ADG) of goats with respect to different fodders. Results showed that DM intake by breeds of goats and species of fodder trees were highly significant (p<0.001). Weight gain of different breed of goats and species of fodder trees were significantly different (p<0.01) with Boer cross and Listea monopetala having higher weight. The ADG of Boer cross, Jamunapari cross, Khari and Barbari cross were 70.93g, 59.35g, 53.38g and 45.36g, respectively and highly significant (p<0.01). Likewise, ADG of L. monopetala, was higher than other fodder trees. The interaction effects of breeds of goat and fodder species on ADG were similar up to 8 weeks and later observed significantly different (p<0.01). L. monopetala and Ficus lacor were better fodders in terms of fattening performance of different breeds of male goats. From the experiment of blood serum analysis, phosphorus content of F. lacor was significantly higher (p<0.01). Results of subsequent short term intake rate (STIR) measurement in order to find out the preference of fodders trees revealed that significantly higher (p<0.05) intake was obtained for L. monopetala, followed by F. lacor, Ficus glaberrima, Melia azedarach and mixed fodders (0.45g, 0.39g, 0.38g, 0.34g and 0.33g DM min1 per kg metabolic body size), respectively. The results of this study revealed that Boer crosses were more potential for fattening in terms of weight gain and voluntary intake. Likewise, L. monopetala and F. lacor were found better in fattening the male goats compared to other fodders.
Restoring competitive and commercial agriculture in river basin of Nepal, focus in Daraudi river, Gorkha
Authors: Pokhrel S.
Published: December 2022

Daraudi river basin and sub-basins consisted of numerous fertile tars, phants and upland (24173 ha) supplying foods in settlements and neighboring cities. Agriculture in this area is no more attractive because of small size land/farm holdings (0.25ha/HH), subsistence farming, high production cost, higher agricultural risks, low productivity and low income. The aim of this research was to investigate the way of economic resilience by means of commercial agriculture, agricultural risk reduction, implementation of agriculture engineering and linking farm activities to services. Relevant literatures were reviewed, field verification and interactions were made in different rural municipalities/municipalities in the year 2021. The study found that the maize and millet in upland and rice-based cropping system in irrigated land are common in water shed and basin area. Cattle (35,709), buffalo (27,921), goat (82,358), sheep (6,806), pigs (5,430) and chicken (1,92,584) are major livestock kept. The area is in balance only on cereals (17,864 mt) and spices (735.3 mt/year) and deficit in all other foods. Land fallow (27.0%) is increasing because of youth out migration (0.72 persons/HH/year). The respondents demanded establishment of larger farm sizes (82.2%) from land pulling, farmers/entrepreneurs organizations development (54.4%), identification of profitable and competitive value chain for commercial production (74.4%), promote agriculture engineering activities (94.4%), minimization of agricultural and environmental risks (57.8%) and creation of local off farm employment (56.7%). They also suggested to have a commercial farm operation guideline (46.7%), linking all farm operation to services (55.6%, linking neighboring small producers with commercial farm for services (52.2%) and establishing a strong collaboration among all stakeholders in an integrated approach (42.2% respondents). It is recommended to address the demand of the respondents for restoring the competitive and commercial agriculture in river basin of Daraudi river. Similar recommendation may apply to other river basins in Nepal.
Study of technetium pertechnetate (99mTcO4) thyroid scintigraphy imaging among patients presenting with thyrotoxicosis at a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Malla D. , Maharjan S. , Rajouriya A. D. , Karki B. B. , Shrestha P. S. , Shrestha C. , Shrestha D. , Bajracharya M. R.
Published: December 2022

Background: Thyroid disorders represent an important public health problem worldwide. Excess thyroid hormone in the circulation due to any cause is termed as thyrotoxicosis. There are many causes of thyrotoxicosis, and it is important to find the cause as this will determine the management of the condition. 99mTcO4scintigraphy is diagnostic tool to differentiate various causes of thyrotoxicosis. This study aims to study the age and gender distribution of different causes of thyrotoxicosis.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of technetium pertechnetate(99mTcO4) thyroid scintigraphy reports done of patients having thyrotoxicosis from the period of January 01, 2016, to December 31, 2016, at the Nuclear Medicine unit of National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu. Gender and age group analysis of the data was done using SPSS program.

Results: A total of 211 reports of 99m TcO 4 thyroid scintigraphy were included in the study. There were 61 male patients and 150 female patients. Various causes of thyrotoxicosis like thyroiditis, Graves’ disease, autonomous functioning thyroid nodule, toxic multinodular goiter was detected. Apart from toxic multinodular goiter, these disorders were more common in the age group 18-50 years and females.

Conclusion: 99mTcO4 thyroid scintigraphy is one of the easy and highly effective tools for the differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis. Both thyroiditis and Graves’ disease are more predominant in the age group 18-50 years and in females. Further large community-based studies will be required for exact prevalence of the diseases in the population.
An Atypical Manifestation of Pheochromocytoma Crisis: Acute Delirium
Authors: Agarwal M. , Kant R. , Sharma D. , Madan S.
Published: December 2022

Pheochromocytoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor presenting with a classical triad of symptoms. In 10% of the cases the presentation can be atypical, and the diagnosis is often missed for several years. Most common neurological manifestations are haemorrhage, seizures, etc., but pheochromocytoma crisis presenting as delirium has been infrequently reported. We present a case of a middle-aged female who presented with hypertensive emergency and acute confusional state. Other causes of delirium were ruled out in the patient and a timely diagnosis of pheochromocytoma was made with CT abdomen showed a large right suprarenal mass which was confirmed on 123I-MIBG scan and supported by elevated plasma metanephrines. She responded to alpha and beta blockers following which her blood pressure spikes were controlled and subsequently her sensorium improved significantly. Patient underwent surgical resection of the tumor and was followed up after 2 weeks with her blood pressure controlled without any medications.
Die Struktur von Zeit - Eine mit Bergson entworfene Metaphysik als Ausweg aus dem McTaggart’schen Dilemma
Authors: Deppe Sonja
Published: December 2022

Worin besteht die wesentliche Zeitstruktur? Ist die Zeit ausgedehnt, ähnlich wie eine räumliche Dimension? Welche Rolle spielt das ständig wechselnde Jetzt? Seit McTaggart spaltet sich die analytische Zeitphilosophie in zwei Lager: Die tempushaften A-Theorien halten eine dynamische Gegenwart für das entscheidende Charakteristikum der Zeit, die tempuslosen B-Theorien dagegen die relationale Ordnung von Zeitmomenten nach «früher» und «später». Indem die Autorin auf die Philosophie Henri Bergsons zurückgreift, untersucht sie unseren erlebenden Zugang zu Zeit sowie die Möglichkeiten unseres Verstandes, Zeit (metaphysisch) zu denken. Es zeigt sich, dass «Tempushaftigkeit» und «Dimensionalität» zwei wesentliche Aspekte der Zeit sind, die es – entgegen der gegenwärtigen Debatte – wieder zusammen zu denken gilt.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Serbuk Batang Bambu Sebagai Campuran Substitusi Agregat Halus Pada Paving Block Terhadap Kuat Tekan dan Daya Serap Air
Authors: Rahmatullah Moh.Hilson , Diana Anita Intan Nura , Fansuri Subaidillah
Published: December 2022

Paving block mulai dikenal dan dipakai di Indonesia sejak tahun 1977/1978. Paving block  sendiri mempunyai beberapa variasi bentuk untuk memenuhi selera pemakai. Pembuatan paving block ini disesuaikan dengan tingkat kebutuhan, misalnya saja digunakan sebagai tempat parkir, terminal, jalan setapak dan juga perkerasan jalan di kompleks-kompleks perumahan serta untuk keperluan lainnya.Paving block merupakan produk bahan bangunan dari semen yang digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif penutup atau pengerasan permukaan tanah. Paving block dikenal juga dengan sebutan bata beton (concrete block) atau cone block.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode experimental (percobaan), Penelitian ini menggunakan semen type 1 karena mampu digunakan pada keadaan normal dan tidak memerlukan persyaratan khusus. Serbuk batang bambu sebagai substitusi agregat halus dengan jumlah sampel 20 dengan variasi 0%, 5%, 15% dan 25% sebagai bahan campur untuk paving block dengan benda uji berbentuk bata  ukuran 6 x 10,5 x 21 pada 28 hari. Hasil penelitian ini akan mengetahui penyerapan maksimum, kuat tekan pada paving block, Untuk teknik analisis data yaitu menggunakan Uji Regresi Linear, Uji Linearitas dan Uji Heteroskedastisitas.Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian penggunaan bahan setiap benda uji total yang dibutuhkan untuk 20 benda uji yaitu pasir 42,79 kg, semen 13,26 kg, air 5,3 kg dan serbuk batang bambu 5,43 kg. Hasil kuat tekan tertinggi yaitu variasi 5% sebesar 9,72 dan untuk daya serap air terbaik 15% sebesar 8,150. Untuk mutu beton rata rata kuat tekan dan daya serap air yaitu Mutu D. Dengan persamaan regresi Y = 309,637 – 84,447 X dengan kesimpulan ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara penambahan campuran tersebut, Dan untuk biaya semakin banyak penambahan serbuk batang bambu semakin kecil biaya yang dikeluarkan.
Analisa Kuat Tekan Beton Menggunakan Pasir Sungai Sandang Muliasari Unaaha dan Kerikil Amonggedo Pondidaha Kabupaten Konawe
Authors: Amir Andi Ahdan , Mahmud Mahmud , Guntur Ahmad
Published: December 2022

Material konstruksi khususnya struktur beton di wilayah Kabupaten Konawe, Kabupaten Konawe Selatan dan Kota Kendari sebagian besar bersumber dari deposit sungai DAS Unaaha dan sekitarnya. Namun, hasil uji material dan uji kekuatan beton yang menggunakan pasir sungai Sandang Muliasari Unaaha dan kerikil Amonggedo Pondidaha tidak tersedia data yang memadai untuk dijadikan acuan standar kelayakan, baik untuk digunakan pada elemen nonstruktural maupun struktural. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, menarik untuk melakukan penelitian uji kekuatan tekan beton dengan menggunakan pasir Sandang Muliasari dan kerikil Amonggedo sebagai agregat penyusunnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasir Sandang Muliasari dan kerikil Amonggedo, Kabupaten Konawe, dalam pembuatan beton berkekuatan tekan 20 MPa. Dari penelitian disimpulkan bahwa, karakteristik pasir sungai Sandang Muliasari dan kerikil Amonggedo memenuhi spesifikasi agregat untuk mutu beton 20 MPa. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan kekuatan beton yang diperoleh sebesar 31, 22 MPa lebih besar dari kekuatan tekan beton rencana yang ditargetkan sebesar 30, 78 MPa.
The Importance of Land and Water Engineering and Management for Food Security
Authors: Pereira L.
Published: December 2022

The continued population growth associated with an increased demand for food constitute a great challenge for land and water engineers, managers and policy makers since food security is a main issue in the XXI century. In fact, land availability is likely decreasing and soils are degrading, which call for new, innovative measures of land protection and soil conservation and preservation. In association, water scarcity is increasing at same time that there is an increased demand for water, particularly for irrigated agriculture. However, land and water productivity under irrigation are increasing and there is potential for its sustainable growth. Issues required for sustainability of food production need to be well known and related policies must be considered. Issues include those referring to the sustainability of family farming vs. capital intensive farming, questions relative to the sustainability of surface irrigation vs. pressurized, energy demanding methods, and to the adequate mix of knowledge and practice when looking for land and water productivity. A few examples are given.
Simulating Maize and Black Bean Yield under Different Water Management Strategies in Southern Brazil
Authors: de Ávila V. S. , Carlesso R. , Petry M. T. , Basso L. , da Rocha M. R.
Published: December 2022

The relationship between crop production and the water involved has been a object of study by soil, plants, meteorological conditions and irrigation management scientists Agriculture is the largest user of water, which requires an increase on crop water productivity (WP), which can be achieved through the adoption of an efficient irrigation water management as well as techniques that focus on the conservation of water resources. The WP is an index typically used to develop and assess the irrigation water management strategies that aim to improve the efficiency in utilizing water resources. Models of WP and f crop yield can be helpful for estimating crop response to water when associated to irrigation scheduling with and without water deficit imposition. The main objective of this study was to assess the impact of water deficit on maize and black beans yield and use the empirical Stewart's model (1977) to predict yield under different water management strategies. The SIMDualKc model was calibrated and validated using observed soil water content data during three growing seasons (2010-2012), and four irrigation strategies: fully satisfy water requirements, while deficit t irrigation were for increasing controlled soil deficit, difined as mild deficit, moderate and severe deficit during both crop growth stages. The estimated data from the actual crop evapotranspiration relating to the four irrigation strategies were used at different phases in Stewart's model in order to predict crop yields. The maximum yield (Ym) for both crops in the present study was obtained from the highest yields achieved for the full irrigation treatment and compared with those estimated with the Wageningen method. Statistical indicators were used to assess the models' effectiveness, including a linear regression through the origin, having the regression coefficient (b0), and the determination coefficient (R2).and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Results should contribute for assessing the economic impacts of soil water deficits in crop yield, as well as for evaluating irrigation management strategies.
Wheat Fertilization Opportunity (Triticum aestivum L.) with Localized Irrigation
Authors: Rossi F. A. , Barneto S. J. , Chimenti F. , Defilipis C. , Salinas A. , Borioni L. , Jimenez A. , De Luca R.
Published: December 2022

In Argentina, the moment of application of agrochemicals on extensive crop dryland farming is reduced by the development of the vegetative phases. Although it is hardly implemented by producers, sprinkler irrigation extends the time period for the application of fertilizers. Localized irrigation, which has been incorporated into these production systems, increases the fertilization opportunity thus reducing the doses if compared to other irrigation methods. The aim of this paper was to assess the fertilization opportunity of the wheat yield (Triticum aestivum L.) by using localized irrigation in the city of Luján, Buenos Aires. The yield with traditional fertilizers was compared to other methods where fertilizers were fractioned. Klein Tauro wheat was planted on August 6th 2014. The field received the following treatments: dryland farming fertilization to the crop, fertilizer irrigation to the crop, irrigation through fractionation of fertilizers to the crop including the poaceae stage, irrigation though fractionation of fertilizers to the crop and pod filling, and irrigation through fractionation of fertilizers, poaceae stage and pod filling. Upon harvest, the yield and its components were assessed as well as the efficiency of water used as regards to the dry weight of the grain. Statistically, there were no significant differences (Tukey test, p-value < 0. 05) except for the dry weight of 1000 grains, taking into account the dryland farming fertilization and the irrigation through fractionation of fertilizers and pod filling 42, 70 g and 37, 36 g respectively. Mid-levels were: dry weight of 1000 grains, 39, 74 g, crop yield, dry weight yield 3665, 75 kg ha-1. Mid efficiency in the production of matter considering the water used during the crop cycle was 7. 99 g mm-1 ha-1.
Water Productivity, Irrigation Management and Systematization for Rice Farming Systems in North Region of Uruguay
Authors: Carracelas G. , Marchesi C. , Lavecchia A.
Published: December 2022

Rice farming systems in the North Region of Uruguay are mainly irrigated from water stored in dams. Increases in Water productivity would contribute to augment annually rice planted area, allows the allocation of water to irrigate other crops in a rotation and could contribute to reduce pumping irrigation costs. The aim of the experiments is to determine irrigation management practices and field layout techniques that increase water productivity contemplating economic and environmental sustainability of rice farming systems in Uruguay. In this paper the results of the joint analysis of three seasons experiments conducted in the Experimental Unit Paso Farías, Artigas (30.30S, 57.06W) are presented (2012-2013-2014) .Treatments (split plot experimental design) included two types of systematization with different vertical interval between levees (big plots): I. Conventional (VI-8cm) and II. Alternative (VI-4cm), and three irrigation management practices (small plots): 1.Continuous (C), 2.Intermittent until panicle initiation (IP), and 3.Intermittent during all crop cycle (I). In C a water layer of 10cm is maintained after flooding throughout all the crop cycle. In IP and I the water layer is allowed to decrease and is re-established when the soil is still saturated. Crop was direct drilled on 21st October (average) with 160 kg seed/ha with cultivar INIA Olimar (Indica). Basal fertilization was 100 kg ha-1 of 18-46-0 (NPK), and urea was 100 kg ha-1 fractionated at tillering and panicle initiation. Rainfall was on average 733 mm year-1 from October to March. Intermittent irrigation led to a significant savings in water inputs (38 % or 5567 m3 water ha-1) and a significant increase in water productivity, affecting negatively industrial quality and grain yield (950 kg rice ha-1 less)(P< 0.05). Water productivity considering only irrigated water were: 0.57(c), 0.73(b) and 0.88(a) (kg grain m3 water-1) for C, IP and I respectively (P< 0.05). Regarding Systematization, there was no significant differences in any of the parameters evaluated between treatments (P <0.05).
Water Productivity, Irrigation Management and Systematization for Rice Farming Systems in Central Region of Uruguay
Authors: Carracelas G. , Marchesi C. , Lavecchia A.
Published: December 2022

A high proportion of rice farming irrigation in the Central Region of Uruguay is done with water stored in dams. Maximizing water productivity is important as savings in water inputs would reduce pumping irrigation costs, increase rice area planted and allows to allocate water to irrigate other crops in a rotation. The aim of the experiment is to determine irrigation management practices and systematization field layout techniques that increase Water Productivity, contemplating the economic and environmental sustainability of rice farming systems in Uruguay. A split plot experimental design trial was conducted in the Experimental Unit located in Tacuarembó (32.11S, 55.10W). tThis paper includes results of the joint analysis of three seasons (2012-2013-2014). Treatments included two types of systematization with different vertical interval between levees (big plots): I. Conventional (VI-8 cm) and II. Alternative (VI-4 cm), and three irrigation management practices (small plots): 1.Continuous (C), 2.Intermittent until panicle initiation (IP), and 3.Intermittent during all crop cycle (I). In C a water layer of 10 cm is maintained after flooding throughout all the crop cycle. In IP and I the water layer is re-established when the soil is still saturated. Rainfall was above the historical average throughout the crop cycle, 738 mm. Crop was direct drilled on 10th October with 160 kg seed/ha with cultivar INIA Olimar (Indica). Basal fertilization was 160 kg ha-1 of 19-19-19 (NPK) and Urea was 100 kg ha-1 fractionated at tillering and panicle initiation. Intermittent irrigation (IP and I) in low-infiltration rate soils (planosols) allowed for significant water savings input (35% or 2798 m3 water ha-1) without reducing rice grain yield (average = 7713 kg rice ha-1) but affecting negatively industrial quality compared to Continuous irrigation (C) (P<0.05). Water productivity considering only irrigated water were: 0.99(c), 1.31(b), 2.00(a) kg grain m3 water-1 for C, IP and I respectively (P< 0.05). There was no significant effect of systematization in any of the parameters evaluated (P< 0.05).
Response to the Suplementary Irrigation of Pasture in Uruguay
Authors: Bourdin A. , Burgos M. , Moreno G. , García C.
Published: December 2022

Pasture irrigation in Uruguay is used supplementary and strategically in long periods of lack of rainfall between the months of October to March. There are a few studies published nationally on the response of conventional pastures dry matter to the addition of water.This study aimed to know the response to irrigate pasture of white clover, lotus and ryegrass.The experiment was conducted for three consecutive years in the period from October to March of the years 2010-11 , 2011-12 and 2012-13, in a commercial property in "Colonia Rubio", Salto , on a Argiudull soil.The experimental design was random plots with three replications where the treatments were different water depths (surface irrigation) to be applied according to the estimated demand by the Penman - Monteith equation, where it is watered whenever the evapotranspiration of reference reached 20, 40 and 60 mm; plus a rainfed treatment. Determinations of the total dry matter production were done. Irrigation determinations were: applied irrigation depth , soil moisture content in a soil profile up to 80 cm, inflow in each plot, infiltrated depth and uniformity of water application in each treatment. Rainfall occurred during the months of October and March were highly variable among the three years of study, being in some period much higher than the water demand of the pasture so the soil profile had a moisture level throughout the month near the upper limit of water in the soil. Total irrigation depth applied ranged from 508 mm (season 2010-11) to 180 mm in the 2012-13 growing season. The results showed that irrigation applied from October to March caused a significant increase in dry matter of the pasture, this meant an increase in forage production caused by irrigation of almost 3 times more than in some dry periods. Among the different irrigation treatments no significant differences in forage production were observed. The dry matter production when irrigation was applied every 60 mm of evapotranspiration did not differ significantly among treatments with more frequent irrigation.
Field Calibration of FDR Sensors-Limitations and Potentialities
Authors: Schilardi C. , Morábito J. , Martín L.
Published: December 2022

Monitoring soil moisture content is an appropriate method to optimize agricultural irrigation. The use of capacitance sensors has increased over the last years because they have a convenient cost-benefit ratio when compared to neutron moisture gages or time domain reflectometers, which are the most accurate methods to estimate soil moisture content. This project is about the field calibration of a capacitance sensor in clay soils. Two calibration models were applied: a linear model and a quadratic one, which correlate the gravimetric content measured in field soil moisture samples with the excitation received by the sensor (mV) and with the measured dielectric permittivity (?b). The calibration equations were subsequently validated at two different depths at four field sampling sites. Despite the clay soil texture, high organic matter content and compaction of the soils, the equations correctly estimated soil moisture content with an estimation error of ± 0.02 m3m-3, a considerable improvement over the manufacturer's calibration equation, which has an average estimation error of ±0.12 m3m-3. A better understanding of sensor performance in the field should result in more precise water applications. A recommendation is made to perform tests in saline and different textured soils to ascertain the stability and sensitivity of these calibration equations.
Earth Observation for Monitoring Irrigation Demand
Authors: D'Urso G. , Vuolo F. , Chirico G. B. , De Michele C.
Published: December 2022

During recent years Earth Observation from space (E.O.) has become the most important source of data for monitoring most of land surface-atmosphere processes, and in particular the hydrology of agricultural and forestry areas. Nowadays, E.O. data are being implemented in operative applications for the management of land and water resources. The technological developments of new generation of sensors such as Sentinel-2 of the European Space Agency -with improved spatial and temporal resolution- provide the opportunity for new observational and modelling perspectives. In this work, we illustrate some recent developments in the utilisation of E.O. techniques in the visible and near infrared ranges for supporting the management of irrigation at both farm and district scale. In particular, the following applications of E.O. in the visible and near infrared ranges will be described: irrigated area monitoring, crop parameters, estimation of crop evapotranspiration under standard conditions and crop water requirements. An operational irrigation advisory and forecast service used in Italy and based on the above mentioned techniques will be illustrated.
New Approach to Join SiC for Accident-Tolerant Nuclear Fuel Cladding
Authors: Herderick Edward D. , Cooper Kirk , Ames Nate
Published: December 2022

A novel brazing approach for joining SiC-based fuel cladding is a promising technology for enhanced accident-tolerant nuclear fuels.
Tensões sociais na cadeia de suprimentos de mineração: um estudo de caso sob a lente da Teoria do Paradoxo
Authors:   , Santos Selma Maria dos
Published: December 2022

The tensions and socio-environmental damage have been widely discussed around the mining supply chain, so research has focused on understanding the impacts around its performance. The paradox perspective addresses the tensions of sustainability, recognizing the tensions to develop better responses and management strategies. Paradoxical tensions, when they appear, stimulate responses that feed reinforcement cycles that can be positive or negative. Thus, the objective of this research is to analyze the social impact of sustainability tensions in the mineral supply chain, with a focus on the cement industry. For this, a case study is proposed, considering the mining company Cauê, currently InterCement, of the Camargo Corrêa group, as an object of study. The methodological approach involves interviews, observation and document analysis. The results present the emerging categories of social impact, considering a post-closure context. As a contribution, the study presents the interaction between social impact and paradoxical tensions, which highlights the power disparity between agents. Furthermore, this research demonstrates the sustainability tensions that generate social impact between the main focal company actors: the supply chain, the government and the community
Comparison of the Rheological Behavior of Iso- and Syndiotactic Polypropylenes
Authors: DİNÇ Fatma
Published: December 2022

The rheological behavior of iso- and syndiotactic polypropylenes (iPP and sPP) for two different temperatures of 175 and 190˚C at atmospheric pressure is analyzed employing the Yahsi-Dinc-Tav (YDT) non-Newtonian viscosity model. The predicted viscosity with shear rates of 0.093 to 93.91 s-1 on PPs is compared with the corresponding estimations from the Cross-like model. The obtained results from the YDT model deviate from the reported experimental observations with 1.041 for iPP and 1.86 for sPP. From the zero shear viscosity correlation to temperature- and vacancy fraction- dependent thermo-occupancy function, Yh = Yh(h, T), viscosity parameters were ascertained and associated with polymer tacticity. From the zero shear viscosity relation, an increase in Yh = Yh(h, T) function and hole fraction loss results in increased viscosity. The dependence of the derivative of logarithm of viscosity (viscoholibility) on vacancy fraction, as a function of pressure and temperature, h=h(P,T), procured from Simha-Somcynsky hole theory displays an exponentially decreasing behavior.
Investigation of Cholinesterase Inhibitor Effects of Some Chalcone Substituted Metallophthalocyanines
Authors: TEKİN Aşkın , ARSLAN Tayfun
Published: December 2022

In this work, previously synthesized tetra-chalcone-substituted metallophthalocyanines (MPcs) containing Ni(II), Zn(II), Co(II), and Cu(II) in the inner core were investigated anticholinergic activities against Alzheimer's disease (AD). The MPcs were evaluated for their inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) using the original Ellman's colorimetric procedure. Against these two cholinesterase enzymes, all compounds showed inhibitory effects with IC50 values ranging from 1.243-2.369 μM against AChE and 2.865-3.372 μM against BChE. Among the four MPcs, CuPcs (2) showed the strongest inhibitory activity against AChE. ZnPcs (3) also showed the most effective inhibition for BChE.
Karataş Deresi (Pazaryolu-Erzurum)’nin Bazı Hidrobiyolojik, Hidrolojik ve Fizikokimyasal Su Kalitesi Özellikleri, Balık Faunası ve Hidro-Elektrik Santral Projelendirilmesi Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: VEREP Bülent , TURAN Davut , MUTLU Cengiz
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada Erzurum iline bağlı Pazaryolu ilçesinin Karataş köyünden geçen Karataş deresinin bazı hidrobiyolojik, hidrolojik ve fizikokimyasal su kalitesi özelliklerinin belirlenmesiyle akarsu üzerinde planlanmış bir HES projesinin kurulacağı dere yatağı alanının incelenmesi ve balık popülasyonu, fizikokimyasal su kalitesi ve hidrolojik parametreler açısından değerlendirmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Karataş köyü girişinde bulunan mansaptan akarsuyun membasına kadar su ve balık örneklemeleri yapılmış, akarsu yatağı boyunca tarım arazilerine bağlanan su kanallarında akış hızı ölçülerek her arkın debisi belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma süresince akarsu yatağında yapılan ölçüm ve gözlemler neticesinde Karataş deresinde Salmonidae, Leuciscidae ve Cyprinidae familyalarına ait 5 farklı balık türünün yaşadığı, fizikokimyasal su kalitesinin kıta içi su kalite standartlarına göre 1. sınıf veya çok temiz statüsünde olduğu ve akarsu havzasının etrafında dere suyu kullanılarak tarımsal ürünler üretilmesi sebebiyle habitatın çok iyi korunduğu, gerek su kalitesi ve gerekse akarsu yatağının bitki örtüsü sayesinde dere yatağı üzerindeki sulama kanalları ağızlarında önemli bir doğal balık üretim ve besleme bölgesinin oluştuğu gözlemlenmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu sucul yaşam alanının korunması gerektiği ve Karataş deresi akarsu yatağı üzerinde kurulması planlanan HES projesinin gerek akarsu sucul yaşamına ve gerekse akarsu havzası karasal alanlarındaki tarımsal üretimine geri dönüşümsüz etkiler oluşturabileceği kanısına ulaşılmıştır.
Renocolic Fistula after Extracorporeal Lithotripsy: Case Report and Literature Review of a Rare Complication of a Common Procedure
Authors: Mariot Evandro A. Sbalcheiro , Mariot Evandro A. Sbalcheiro , da Costa Belonci Camila Gabriella , Francesco Castoldi Diogo , Antunes Martins Eduardo , Emanuela Borges Mariana , Valerio Bueno Diego , Henrique Nocete Paulo
Published: December 2022

Extracorporeal lithotripsy (ESWL) is one of the most common urological procedures. Among its possible complications, renal parenchymal lesions are rare (approximately 7%). This is a case report of a renocolic fistula after ESWL. It is a very rare complication and without descriptions in the literature of association with ESWL. Because it is a rare lesion, there is no standardized treatment or data that makes it possible to determine the best conduct. The present case required a surgical approach to correct the fistula. It was possible to preserve the affected kidney, which is even rarer in the medical literature.
Penyelesaian Kredit Bermasalah Sektor UMKM Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Bank Bapas 69 Magelang
Authors: Nugraheni Widi , Heniyatun Heniyatun , Sulistysningsih Puji , Nurwati Nurwati , Iswanto Bambang Tjatur
Published: December 2022

Kegiatan utama lembaga perbankan yaitu menyalurkan sebuah dana yang mana berbentuk kredit, di sini kredit adalah suatu sumber pendapatan paling besar bagi dunia bisnis perbangkan. Hal ini sesuai yang diatur dalam Pasal 1 Angka 11 Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 1998 Tentang Perbangkan. Kredit bermasalah disebabkan adanya beberapa faktor. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan nasabah debitur tidak dapat berprestasi yaitu adanya keadaan kahar yaitu berupa wabah pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendakatan undang-undang (statue approach) dan juga pendekatan kasus (case approach). Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu jenis penelitian Yuridis Empiris. Pada kredit bermasalah, penyelesaian yang ditempuh pada masa ini adalah dengan Fasilitas Restruk atau Relaksasi Kredit. Penyelesaian kredit semasa Pandemi Covid-19 tidak ada batasan harus membayar berapa dulu karena dalam POJK tidak diatur berapapun kolektibilitasnya, boleh dilakukan Relaksasi yang terpenting bank melakukan assesment ulang. Yang di assessment antara lain usaha masih berjalan, usaha masih ada prospek bisnis kedepan, ada kemampuan bayar (meskipun menurun). Namun masing-masing bank memiliki kebijakan Internal tersendiri sesuai dengan kondisi bank tersebut. Kendala Penyelesaian Kredit Bermasalah Yang Dilakukan Oleh PT Bank Bapas 69 Magelang Dalam Situasi Pandemi Covid-19 mendapat suatu masalah yakni dari debitur yang tergolong dalam ekonomi lemah ini menjadikan suatu kendala baru bagi Bank Bapas 69 dalam melakukan pengaihan kepada pembayar kredit setiap bulannya. Adanya kebijakan Bank, penyelesaian kredit bermasalah tidak selalu bisa mengacu pada kebijakan pemerintah karena bank mempunyai kebijakan masing-masing untuk mengatasinya. Dan kondisi pasar yang belum menentu, kondisi perekonomian yang belum stabil membuat debitur kesulitan untuk membayar kewajibannya.
Tax Review Aspek Perpajakan Bagi Foreigner Atas Income Tax Evasion Penyewaan Kepemilikan Properti Di Indonesia
Authors: Septiani Rika , Raihanita Raihanita , Wati Rima Mila , Mahanani Tiara Vergita , Setiawati Diana , Hakim Hary Abdul
Published: December 2022

There are various number of foreigners owned a property business in Indonesia which is then rented out. But in reality, there are still many parties who violate the lease, namely by way of leasing transactions carried out at foreign banks. So that the tax issued can be lower than it should be. The purpose of this study is to determine how the tax provisions for foreigners on rental property ownership in Indonesia and how the crime of tax evasion. From the point of view of criminal law, this is a violation of tax evasion which is regulated in the KUP Law, articles 38-40. The method used in this research is normative juridical which examines the normative aspects of legislation, namely legal research conducted by examining primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. In the implementation of taxes, there are many obstacles in the form of violations and tax evasion. In taxation, foreign nationals are also subject to domestic and foreign taxes. In the event of tax evasion on house rent by a foreigner, it can be criminally processed as regulated in the KUP Law articles 38-40.