bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PAIN: the Word, the Image and the Concept in the Dostoevsky’s Thought and Speech Space
Authors: Varzin Alexey V.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the linguistic expression of the phenomenon of pain in the texts of F.M. Dostoevsky. The material of the analysis is the texts of works of fiction, journalism and letters of the Great Russian writer. The study of Dostoevskys texts is preceded by an analysis of entries in explanatory and specialized dictionaries and encyclopedias, including articles in the Dictionary of Dostoevskys Language. The relevance of the study is determined by the approaching bicentennial of F.M. Dostoevsky, in whose works the phenomenon of pain has become one of the important subjects of the image. The specificity of this work lies in the reliance on linguistic methods of studying the phenomenon of pain while maintaining the interdisciplinary focus of the research as a whole. Various associative connections of the word pain and its derivatives in the contexts of the writers works of different genres are being studied. At the initial stage, the selection of material is carried out by the method of continuous sampling using the DiaWin software system of the Department of Experimental Lexicography of the V.V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The material thus obtained, is subjected to a multilevel analysis, in course of which the specificity of the conceptualization of pain in language and culture is revealed and the features of the depiction and interpretation of the phenomenon of pain in the discourse of Dostoevsky and his characters are revealed. Conclusions are formulated about the stable associative connections of the lexeme pain, the specificity of the linguistic depiction of various states of pain in the writers texts is revealed, the original interpretations of the concept of pain in the discourses of heroes-ideologists are analyzed. As a result, the analyzed phenomenon appears in multidimensional illumination. The general structure of the frame is established. The relationship between external symptoms and internal sensations of physical and mental pain is revealed. It is postulated that the explication of the concept of pain by a native speaker is fraught with significant difficulties, since pain is introspective and subjectively experienced. This special state is experienced and lived on. The contextual combinations of meanings of the word pain in Dostoevskys texts are highlighted. The specificity of the figurative representation of pain situations in the writers works is revealed. The increments of meaning characteristic of Dostoevskys contexts are analyzed. As a result, pain is interpreted as a complex phenomenon of language and culture and an important concept in the discourse of F.M. Dostoevsky.
Intensifiers in Fyodor Dostoevsky’s Individual Style: Semantics of Irregular Lexical Combinations
Authors: Sharapova Ekaterina V.
Published: June 2021

The paper is dedicated to the analysis of irregular intensifying constructions in Fyodor Dostoevskys individual style, more specifically of irregular lexical combinations including an intensifier and a main word. The meaning of intensifies is completely focused on expressing the intensity of an attribute, action or state denominated by the main word. Fyodor Dostoevskys writing style tends to form certain types of irregular lexical combinations including intensifiers. Through a case study of intensifiers ochen , goryachii / goryacho , izo vsekh sil , etc. the article describes several main types of irregular combinations with the view to find out semantic effects of irregular combinability. The analysis has covered the complete corpus of Fyodor Doestoevskys texts (fiction, journalism, private correspondence, business correspondence and documents). The first discriminant mark of irregular combinations is the semantic contradiction between the terms, the violation of idiomatic compatibility rules is the second feature taken into account. Whereas collocational rules in modern Russian differ a lot from the language norms of the 19th century, the subcorpus of 19th century texts of the National Russian Corpus serves to test the irregular idiomatic combinability. The article shows how the irregular combinability causes context meaning shifts profiling peripheral semantic features of the main word or imposing on it an untypical and contradictory semantics. In irregular lexical combinations, the language representation changes due to the original authors reinterpretation of the referential situation. The irregular lexical combinations with intensifiers are thereafter a distinctive feature of Fyodor Dostoevskys individual writing style that reveals his original conceptualization of the world.
Confucian Family Education and Ideological Tradition «Tian Di Jun Qin Shi»
Authors: Zhao Xinzhu
Published: June 2021

This article will briefly describe the features, methods, goals of family education in ancient China, as well as the relevant educational roles of the father and mother in the family. The article will also analyze one of the most unique characteristics of ancient Chinese family education: in each family fixed a tablet with the words 天地君亲 Tian Di Jun Qin Shi (Heaven, land, rulers, ancestors, sages). In ancient China, people believed that teachers and relatives, and heaven, earth, and monarchs, were objects that people should respect and worship. Obviously, this clearly differs from the traditions of most other countries. The idea of Tian Di Jun Qin Shi first appeared in Guo Yu (国语), and in Xunzi (荀子) you can see the initial form of this thought. Over the next 2000 years, these five words penetrate deeply into people's minds, and people often mention them in their daily lives. Their importance and value in Chinese culture and Chinese life are very important and indispensable. The role played by the idea of Tian Di Jun Qin Shi in ancient Chinese family education is more effective than any classical legal practice.
Law genesis: problems of methodology
Authors: Muromtsev Gennadij I.
Published: June 2021

The subject is related to the insufficient investigation of a general theoretical conception of the law genesis. The conception prevailing in Russian legal literature and proceeding from the inseparable connection between state and law genesis is weak in some aspects As a theoretical basis of this investigation the author uses the concept that regards a law genesis in the context of a world evolution. With this approach, the social factors of the emergence of law are preceded by natural factors of the same dimension, and the thesis about the emergence of law simultaneously with human society becomes the starting point in the study. As a result, the subject of the research acquires an interdisciplinary approach and includes the issues of nonlegal scientific disciplines, not only humanitarian (anthropology, ethnology, etc.), but also natural sciences (psychology, genetics of a behavior, etc.). The conclusion that the patterns of behavior development and the mechanisms of its regulation are formed at the natural stage of world evolution is of paramount importance. They arise in the form of reflexes and are then perceived by the merged norms of the custom-mononorm. The latter become a kind of connecting link in the transition from the natural mechanism of regulation of behavior to the social and from the preclass to the early class society regulation mechanism. Law genesis is considered in the article as a contradictory, multiaspect and multistage process with a natural and social content. Sociocultural differences between the countries of the West and the East led to the dissimilarity of the process of law genesis in both. In the first of them, with the victory of capitalism, law overcomes the phenomenon of fusion and appears in a pure form, while in the second, even today there are traditional relations and understanding of law, adequate to the preclass and early class era.
Application of digital technologies in litigation and dispute resolution
Authors: Dobryakov Denis A. , Kasa Ilda , Sukhostavskaya Yuliia V.
Published: June 2021

By now (we mean 2020) digitalization has completely replaced the more general modernization and innovation from both the political vocabulary and the sci-entific agenda. It is difficult to say how long this trend will continue and what kind of socio-technological phenomenon will replace it. It can be cyberization, within which a person will begin to bring himself into line with the canons of the sci-fi cyberpunks and combine biological with technological (and digital at the same time) in his body, or vice versa, some kind of reactionary naturalization. Anyway, now the widespread adoption of digital technology is an indisputable and obvious fact. And this process applies to all spheres of societys life, without bypassing legal proceedings and out-of-court settlement of disputes (or in other words - alternative dispute resolution), which can be significantly improved using digital technologies. This article analyses the practice and legislative regulation of the use of digital technologies in various forms of legal proceedings and such types of out-of-court dispute resolution as arbitration and mediation. Comparative legal method allowed to compare Russian and foreign legislations as well as approaches to determining the permissible limits of the use of digital technologies, including their intellectual variety. Individual proposals have been formulated to improve Russian legislation.
The revision of separate requirements for the position of investigator
Authors: Babich Nikita V.
Published: June 2021

Issues and problems in the field of organization and activities of the preliminary investigation bodies in terms of implementation of the legal status of the investigator, as well as ways for their resolution are constantly in the focus of lawyers. The current state concept for training investigative personnel along with the system of qualification requirements for the position of an investigator of the Investigative Committee of Russia (hereinafter - the IC of Russia) have serious shortcomings. The fact is that there are no interrelated educational stages for a candidate for this job; there is neither any mandatory requirement for practical experience and career ladder in this field. As a result, a large number of investigators serving in the Investigative Committee of Russia simply do not have reasonable qualification and, accordingly, are not prepared for investigative work, which ultimately leads to a general decrease in the quality and effectiveness of preliminary investigation. This is absolutely unacceptable for a developed democratic and law-governed state. Lacking relevant practical experience and task-oeirented training, novice investigators are trusted to make important procedural decisions that significantly affect the life of a particular person. In this regard, a properly developed state concept, as well as a system of qualification requirements for the position of an investigator, including interrelated stages of its achievement, will contribute to the formation of highly qualified and trained investigative personnel that will favourably effect the entire preliminary investigation service.
Digitalization of state environmental management: Legal aspects
Authors: Vlasenko Valery N. , Shirobokov Alexey S.
Published: June 2021

This article discusses the features of the digital transformation of the following state functions: information support in the field of environmental protection, state accounting in the field of environmental protection, regulation in the field of environmental protection (in terms of the use of the best available technologies), state environmental supervision, and administration of fees for negative environmental impact (NVOS). It is proved that the data of the state register of objects of negative impact, formed as a result of the state accounting of objects that have a negative impact on the environment, the implementation of state environmental supervision, and the administration of fees for NWOS should become the basis for making environmentally significant decisions. To expand the scope of use of this information, it is proposed to ensure the interoperability of the state register data. In addition, the authors come to the conclusion that digitalization of technological rationing based on the best available technologies (hereinafter also BAT) is associated with the use of such technologies as data turnover regulation, experimental legal regimes (regulatory sandboxes) and assessment of the compliance of the applied technology with the best available technology. Moreover, when implementing state environmental supervision, inspections should be planned based on the hazard category of objects of negative impact and when conducting inspections, remote control methods should be used. It is also essential to introduce electronic test sheets for self-checking enterprises. Finally, the digitalization of calculating and collecting fees for NVOS should ensure the smooth functioning of calculating fees by the payer in digital format and control over the correctness of calculation and collection by the supervisory authority.
Compiling a jury in Russia in the context of digitalization
Authors: Pashin Sergey A. , Bushtets Nikita V.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the legislation governing social relations that develop in the process of compiling a jury when considering criminal cases with a jury trial. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the expansion of the jurors competence from June 1, 2018. Currently, one of the main reasons for revocation of court sentences passed with the participation of a jury is violations committed during formation of a jury. In this regard, the authors highlight the main procedural and organizational shortcomings of this process and make relevant suggestions: a) to improve the legislation governing the procedure for compiling a jury; b) to compile general and reserve lists based on information included in the Unified Federal Information Register; c) to perform video recording of the process [screen broadcasting] of a random selection of citizens from the general and reserve lists by a court staff member when compiling a preliminary list of jurors; d) to stipulate the right of citizens to defer the obligation to appear in court as a candidate for jurors to a later date; e) to apply new forms of sending invitations to appear in court to potential jurors.
A representação política diante do povo na Constituinte de 1987-1988
Authors: Cardoso Moreira Martins Argemiro , Caetano Mizutani Larissa
Published: June 2021

O processo constituinte brasileiro de 1987-1988 questionou, na prática, dois conceitos modernos forjados e sacralizados pela doutrina jurídica: poder constituinte e povo. Os representantes da assembleia constituinte refletiriam o desejo comum manifestado pelo titular da soberania, e a expectativa era a de uma Constituição que espelhasse o futuro imaginado pela Nação. Entretanto, essa narrativa não permite compreender os fatos em sua complexidade. O povo não era uno: eram nomes, interesses, ideologias, aspirações, pressões, resistências, contextos, pluralidade. A fase temática do processo constituinte de 1987-1988 acentuou o aspecto paradoxal da representação política: a democracia representativa diante da participação popular simultaneamente experimentada. O artigo busca problematizar a relação entre representante político e representado, diante da noção de “povo” que se rearranja a partir da participação popular experimentada na Constituinte, com destaque às audiências públicas. Para tanto, foram utilizadas pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de fontes primárias, especialmente os Anais da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1987-1988 e dados oficiais mantidos pela Câmara dos Deputados e pelo Senado Federal do Brasil.Palavras-chave: Assembleia Nacional Constituinte, representação política, participação popular, legitimidade, democracia
SIGNIFICADO DA AVALIAÇÃO POR GRADUANDOS DURANTE UMA DISCIPLINA DE QUÍMICA GERAL – ESTAMOS EVOLUINDO?
Authors: Ganassin Bruna Da Silva , Locatelli Solange Wagner
Published: June 2021

A avaliação, um componente curricular elementar, se faz presente em toda a vida acadêmica dos estudantes, mas geralmente sua necessidade e importância muitas vezes não estão evidentes para alunos. Neste trabalho, realizou-se uma análise qualitativa da percepção dos estudantes ingressantes que cursaram a disciplina Química Geral sobre a avaliação. Para isso, foi realizada de forma voluntária a aplicação de um questionário com perguntas que abrangiam diferentes aspectos da avaliação – do instrumental ao emocional. Os resultados levantados evidenciaram o forte caráter quantitativo que a avaliação ainda tem na formação dos estudantes, bem como a necessidade de repensar de forma crítica os instrumentos de avaliação, o ato de avaliar e seu impacto na vida acadêmica.
O PAPEL DA LEITURA NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA LITERATURA E DA RELIGIOSIDADE
Authors: Teixeira Jorgemar
Published: June 2021

Este artigo tem a intensão lançar um olhar sobre a Leitura, a Religiosidade e a Literatura. Pretende-se demonstrar como a Religiosidade é um tema recorrente dentro dos clássicos da Literatura ocidental. Os autores, aqui mencionados, utilizaram-se do tema Religiosidade de maneira semelhante aos autores que os antecederam, formando, de certa maneira, uma relação entre os textos e a temática da Religiosidade. A Leitura, das obras consideradas clássicas, também influenciou os autores e as suas obras que vieram a se tornar referência literária. Dessa forma, percebe-se que as obras literárias se modificam em muitos aspectos, mas a temática da Religiosidade parece persistir na Literatura.
HOSPITALIDADE E CONVIVÊNCIA COMO PRÁTICAS EDUCATIVAS PARA POPULAÇÕES EM SITUAÇÃO DE RUA NO LESTE FLUMINENSE
Authors: Lopes Lucas Salgueiro , Pereira Débora Simeão Ortman , Silva Filipi José da , Ferreira Arthur Vianna
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as práticas socioeducativas realizadas com pessoas em situação de rua sob a ótica, principalmente, das Pedagogias da Convivência de Xesús Jares (2002; 2007; 2008) e da Hospitalidade de Isabel Baptista (2005; 2008; 2011). Tendo como base a atuação realizada pela Missão Católica Discípulos de Assis pelas ruas de Niterói-RJ durante o ano de 2018, este trabalho visa conceber novas contribuições acerca dos usos teóricos da Pedagogia Social nas práticas desenvolvidas com populações em situação de rua. Para tanto, enxergamos nos modelos de Jares e Baptista uma forma de empregar práticas interpessoais centradas na convivência comprometidas com uma Educação para a Paz e uma formação cidadã do assistido, tal como, enxergando esse “outro” como um “hóspede”, possibilitando uma prática que o faça se sentir acolhido. Como resultados principais da pesquisa, apontamos as potencialidades e caminhos de uma Pedagogia Social de Rua centrada na convivência com o outro e na construção de lugares de hospitalidade – materiais e imateriais – junto a esses grupos. Dessa forma, compreende-se a importância de uma formação, inicial ou continuada, para os profissionais da educação que irão trabalhar com esse grupo social específico visando uma formação cidadã que possa educá-los para a luta pela garantia de seus direitos e as suas futuras escolhas dentro da sociedade fluminense.
The Protection of Medical Officers in the Armed Conficts; Case Study of Indonesia
Authors: Abdullah Mahfud
Published: June 2021

International Humanitarian Law (HHI) has regulated provisions regarding the protection of medical personnel in a conflict, whether an international, non-international armed conflict or an internationalized armed conflict. These categories of various types of armed conflict are also part of the legality of the emergence of humanitarian intervention by medical personnel in an armed conflict. A form of medical care for parties who are either directly or indirectly involved in an armed conflict. In the Indonesian context, the provisions regulating separately the protection of medical personnel in armed conflict have not been regulated separately. However, considering that Indonesia has ratified the 1949 Geneva Convention, the convention can be considered as the official Indonesian national regulation on the protection of medical personnel in armed conflict. In this article, it is demonstrated that there were still many violations, especially against the purpose of war, which made medical officers and medical buildings in an armed conflict a military target, such as in the Syrian conflict, as well as domestic Indonesia such as Aceh and Papua. Several factors have led to the fall of medical personnel in various armed conflicts (both horizontal and vertical) in Indonesia, among others are: (a) The parties to an armed conflict are not aware of the provisions of the principles of international humanitarian law. (b) The parties are suspicious of the neutrality of the medical personnel, as well as (c) Not having a good communication system between the conflicting parties and medical personnel.
Clinical characteristics of people with cystic fibrosis and frequent fungal infection
Authors: Poore Thomas , Meier Maxene , Towler Elin , Brinton John , Martiniano Stacey , Sagel Scott , DeBoer Emily , Wagner Brandie , Zemanick Edith
Published: June 2021

Background: Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) and fungal airway
infection may present with fungal bronchitis, allergic bronchopulmonary
aspergillosis (ABPA) or may appear unaffected despite fungal detection.
We sought to characterize people with CF with frequent detection of
fungi from airway samples and determine clinical outcomes. Methods: This
retrospective study included individuals with CF with ≥ 4 lower airway
cultures over a 2-year baseline period and ≥ 2 years of follow-up. We
defined two groups: ≤ 1 positive fungus culture (rare) or ≥ 2 positive
cultures during baseline (frequent). Clinical characteristics and
outcomes were determined. Results: Between 2004-2016, 294 individuals
met inclusion with 62% classified as rare and 38% as frequent fungi
during baseline. Median follow-up was 6 years (range 2-9 years).
Aspergillus fumigatus was the most common fungal species detected.
Individuals with frequent fungi were older (13.7 vs. 11.7 yrs, p = 0.02)
and more likely to have Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (35% vs 17%, p
< 0.001) at baseline, but did not differ in lung function or
ABPA diagnosis. During follow-up, those with frequent fungi were more
likely to have chronic P. aeruginosa and S. maltophilia. Individuals
with ABPA and frequent fungi had the highest rates of co-infection and
co-morbidities, and a trend towards more rapid lung function decline.
Discussion: Fungal infection in CF was associated with frequent P.
aeruginosa and S. maltophilia co-infection even in those without ABPA.
Individuals with frequent fungi and ABPA had worse outcomes,
highlighting the potential contribution of fungi to CF pulmonary
disease.
Is Ischemia-Modified Albumin a Biomarker in Wagner Classification in Diabetic Foot Ulcers?
Authors: ÖZKAN Sezai , ADANAS cihan , alp hamit hakan
Published: June 2021

Background: We aimed to determine the relationship of ischemia-modified
albumin (IMA) with diabetic foot ulcers and its predictive value in the
Wagner classification. Methods: Our cross-sectional study was conducted
in 120 diabetic foot patients and 60 healthy individuals with similar
body mass index and age. Patients with a diabetic foot were classified
according to the Wagner classification. Biochemical parameters,
C-reactive protein (CRP) and IMA levels were measured in all patients
and healthy volunteers. Screening performance characteristics of CRP and
IMA were calculated according to Wagner classes and the presence of
osteomyelitis. Results: CRP and IMA levels in the patient group were
significantly higher than the control group. The highest IMA levels were
detected in Wagner grade 5. CRP had higher sensitivity and specificity
than IMA in the discrimination of other grades, except for grade 4-5
separation. For Wagner grade 4-5 distinction, IMA had 84.6% sensitivity
and 94.7% specificity. Conclusion: IMA may play a role in the
pathogenesis of diabetic foot ulcers and had a higher predictive value
in discrimination of the Wagner grade 4 and 5. In the management of
diabetic foot patients, it may be recommended that IMA is evaluated by
clinicians.
Hva skjedde ved valget? Nasjonale trender og lokale variasjoner
Authors: Saglie Jo , Bergh Johannes , Gitlesen Jens Petter , Rommetvedt Hilmar
Published: June 2021

The aim of this chapter is to provide a broad overview of national trends and local variations at the 2019 local elections – the first elections to be held in the new, merged municipalities and counties. Looking at the nationwide results, the government parties as well as the Labour Party suffered losses, while the other opposition parties – especially the Centre Party – were the winners. While welfare policy has been high on the voter agenda in previous elections, the environment and climate change were the most important issues this time, especially among young voters. The voter agenda nevertheless varied between municipalities. Climate and the environment were, like the issue of toll roads, most important in the cities. In many peripheral districts, on the other hand, amalgamation of municipalities and other centralizing public sector reforms were significant issues. The centre-periphery dimension is still important in Norwegian politics, and it has contributed to the Centre Party’s gains – particularly in a number of former Labour Party strongholds in northern Norway. Local conditions also contribute to variation. Looking at results from individual municipalities, local deviations from the national trend have increased. Moreover, an increasing share of voters says that local issues were important for their vote.
The role of dynamic angionephroscintigraphy in the diagnosis of urinary tract incompetence after kidney transplantation
Authors: Pinchuk A. V. , Shmarina N. V. , Migunova E. V. , Rustambek Uulu A. , Kudryashova N. E. , Dmitriev I. V. , Lonshakov D. V. , Balkarov A. G.
Published: June 2021

Introduction. The urinary tract incompetence ("extravasation of urine") of the renal allograft is the most common urological complication in the early postoperative period.The purpose was to evaluate the efficacy of the dynamic angionephroscintigraphy technique in diagnosing the extravasation of urine after kidney transplantation.Material and methods. The results of dynamic angionephroscintigraphy were analyzed for the purpose of verifying/ diagnosing the extravasation of urine in 63 patients who underwent kidney transplantation at N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine in 2019. Dynamic angionephroscintigraphy of the renal allograft was performed with the glomerulotropic 99mTc-pentatech radiopharmaceutical on a two-detector single-photon emission tomography "Infinia II" and a combined CT SPECT / CT system "Discovery NM/CT670".Results. The sensitivity of dynamic angionephroscintigraphy in detecting the extravasation of urine was 100%, the specificity was 88%, and the accuracy of the method was 89%.Conclusion. Dynamic angionephroscintigraphy is a highly sensitive and specific method for diagnosing the extravasation of urine after kidney transplantation.
Characteristics of B-lymphocyte subpopulations in renal transplant recipients
Authors: Zybleva S. V. , Zyblev S. L.
Published: June 2021

Introduction. The presence of multiple subsets of B-cells with specific regulatory functions capable of modulating inflammatory responses havebeen detected. Most of the studies of Bregs function were carried out in the context of autoimmune and infectious diseases, whereas the objective of this research was to study the characteristics of the main, activated and tolerogenic subpopulations of B lymphocytes in patients who underwent kidney transplantation. Objective. To study the indices of B-lymphocyte subpopulations and determine their role in the development of immunological tolerance after kidney transplantation.Material and methods. We have examined 197 recipients who underwent kidney transplantation. We determined B lymphocyte subpopulation levels (CD19+IgD+CD27+ and CD19+IgD-CD27+) before transplantation, on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 30th days after the transplantation. Allograft function was assessed on day 7 with the division of patients into two groups: with primary graft function and graft dysfunction.Results and discussion. Significant differences were revealed between the groups of recipients over three months in the following cell subpopulation levels CD19+IgD+CD27+ and CD19+IgD-CD27+. During the first 7 days, lower levels of these subpopulations were associated with satisfactory allograft function. However, by the 90th day after surgery, an increase in CD19+IgD+CD27+ B lymphocytes was noted in the group of patients with graft dysfunction.Conclusions. Low levels of not-switched (CD19+IgD+CD27+) and switched (CD19+IgD-CD27+) memory В lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of kidney transplant recipients are associated with a favorable postoperative course. We have found that on the 3rd post-transplant day, the relative level of non-switched memory B lymphocytes (CD19+IgD+CD27+) exceeding or equal to 11.47%, and the level of switched memory B lymphocytes (CD19+IgD-CD27+) exceeding or equal to 20.74% might predict the development of early renal graft dysfunction with a sensitivity and specificity of 88.40% and 84.30% for the former parameter and of 88.70% and 82.40% for the latter one, respectively.
Current possibilities of improving the results of kidney transplantation in patients of the older age group, including those with an aggravated urological history
Authors: Khubutiya B. Z. , Rzhevskaya O. N. , Lisenok A. A.
Published: June 2021

Introduction. All over the world and in Russia, the number of patients requiring dialysis therapy and kidney transplantation for chronic renal failure in the end-stage of the renal disease is increasing. In many countries of the world, the number of dialysis patients over 60 years of age accounts for 30 to 45% of all patients with chronic renal failure. Meantime, taking into account the improved methods for early diagnosis of chronic renal failure and the treatment methods for chronic kidney disease, including the renal replacement therapy, we can expect an increase in the number of elderly potential kidney transplant recipients. The likelihood of receiving a renal graft in elderly patients is significantly lower than in young recipients. Elderly patients are known to have a higher risk of death while waiting for a kidney transplant due to higher morbidity and lethality on dialysis. For this reason, the urgency of increasing the availability of kidney transplantation in elderly patients is growing over time. One of the solutions can be the use of kidneys from suboptimal donors with a far from ideal graft quality, but which could meet the needs for transplant care of the older age group of patients. The older age of a recipient entails a certain risk of developing a graft dysfunction due to the presence of concomitant diseases, and the potential risk increases even more with kidney transplants from expanded criteria donors. If a reduced functional reserve of kidneys removed from donors with extended criteria is identified, two-kidney transplantation is possible, which provides fairly good long-term results. To reduce the risk of a kidney graft loss, a careful selection of recipients is necessary, taking into account their co-morbidities, including the presence of urological diseases that impair the function of the upper and lower urinary tract. Their timely identification and correction makes it possible to raise the availability of kidney transplantation for elderly patients and improve its results. This review presents the results of the studies conducted in various world transplant centers, covers the mortality rates, kidney graft and recipient survival rates.The study purpose was to summarize the actual data and the results of the study on kidney transplantation in elderly patients with urological pathology.
PHYSICAL MODELS OF VENTILATION SYSTEM FITTINGS IN SPECIAL CONDITIONS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation, Voznyak Orest , Myroniuk Khrystyna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation, Sukholova Iryna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation, Dovbush Oleksandr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation, Kasynets Mariana ,   Lviv Polynechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation
Published: June 2021

The article presents the formation of physical models of fittings of ventilation systems in the conditions of change of linear sizes and forms of adjacent sections of air ducts of ventilation systems. The aim is to minimize waste materials in the manufacture and sale of pipe billets of different diameters of the ventilation system, reduce metal consumption, increase production productivity and efficiency of procurement for installation of ventilation in industrial premises, identify ways to improve the installation of ventilation in industrial premises for various purposes and justification calculation methods. The use of the obtained physical models to determine the required parameters in the manufacture of sweeps of ventilation system fittings can significantly increase the efficiency criteria for procurement and installation work.
GRAPHIC-ANALYTICAL METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION OF PATTERNS OF VENTILATION FITTINGS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation, Voznyak Orest , Yurkevych Yuriy ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation, Dovbush Oleksandr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation, Myroniuk Khrystyna
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental developments regarding the marking of scans and patterns of fittings of the ventilation system, provided that the unification of installation and procurement work. The aim of the work is to create a graph-analytical method to unify the construction of patterns of ventilation fittings, in particular in the design and manufacture of adapters of different shapes and sizes; increasing the efficiency of procurement work for the installation of ventilation systems in production facilities by minimizing material waste during their manufacture, and reducing the material consumption of products. The application of the proposed graphic-analytical method will increase the efficiency of procurement and installation work and thus reduce the amount of waste and material consumption for the manufacture of ventilation fittings for various purposes.
ENERGY EFFICIENT SOLAR HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS FOR BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation, Zhelykh Vasyl , Kasynets Mariana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation, Myroniuk Khrystyna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation, Marushchak Uliana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Building Production, Gulai Bogdan ,   Lviv PolytechnicNational University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation
Published: June 2021

Today, the energy sector of Ukraine requires significant consumption of traditional energy sources (oil, gas, coal, nuclear energy). However, their use is associated with a number of difficulties, including thermal, chemical, and radioactive contamination of the environment and the exhaustion of their reserves. The paper is devoted to solving the actual problem of improving the efficiency of solar heat supply systems with solar collectors. An analysis of the potential of solar energy and existing solar heat supply systems is presented. The advantages and disadvantages of various solar collector designs and methods of their research are analyzed. The analysis of the main directions for improving the efficiency of solar collectors and solar heat supply systems, in general, is presented. An improved solar heat supply system with the proposed design of a solar collector is obtained and its temperature characteristics are established depending on the intensity of solar energy intake.
Understanding Tourists’ Perceptions of Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Razak Darmianti , Kesumah Fajrin Satria Dwi
Published: June 2021

This paper examines tourists’ perceptions of Eastern Indonesia through comparisons with foreign visitors’ who have been to Indonesia, specifically Eastern Indonesia, and those who have never been to Indonesia. The aims of this study are to assess what foreign tourists perceive about Eastern Indonesia and elaborate the differences between the perceptions of visitors and non-visitors. The comparison of the visitor and non-visitor perceptions is important in order to understand Eastern Indonesia more deeply. This qualitative research uses focus group interviews to assess the perceptions of Eastern Indonesia. The perceptions from different participants came from different nationalities. In Group 1, two participants came from China, two Saudi Arabians, and one Bangladeshi. The four participants in Group 2 came from Australia. All of participants were students. The results indicate that tourists who have never been to Indonesia perceives Eastern Indonesia by comparing their experiences to other places that they have visited. From those experiences, they construct a positive image of Eastern Indonesia and as a result, indicate a willingness to visit Eastern Indonesia. All Australian participants had been to Indonesia and shared a positive image of Eastern Indonesia as well as of other places in Indonesia. However, while participants’ perceptions in Group 2 were positive, they also imply some ideas for the improvement regarding tourism development in Eastern Indonesia. Apart from that, all participants showed an intention to revisit and explore more places in EasternIndonesia in the near future.
E-Planning and E-Budgeting Implementation: A Qualitative Study in Lampung Province
Authors: Gamayuni Rindu Rika , Agusta Elia
Published: June 2021

This is a qualitative research aimed to observe the implementation of e-planning and e-budgeting in Lampung Province through an empirical study that investigates readiness of using technology in governmental activity. This study based on interview collected from a total of 12 local government officials that located in Bandar Lampung, Metro, Pringsewu, Pesawaran, and Lampung Selatan using Nvivo 12 as analysis tool. The findings show Lampung Province is ready to implement e-planning and e-budgeting, e-planning and e-budgeting in Lampung Province have been implemented for more than 10 years, improvement in education, human resources, and fund are necessary, then good corporate governance principles and society participation performs better during the implementation. This research is limited to six locations in Lampung Province only, the timeline of the observation does not significantly cover the whole process of e-planning and e-budgeting, and solely focus on e-planning and e-budgeting, does not observe the whole types of e-government just like e-procurement, e-audit, e-catalog, e-payment, e-controlling, and e-health.
Kialakulhat-e Charcot-láb 25 éves 1-es típusú diabeteses betegben? : Esetismertetés
Authors: Vági Orsolya Erzsébet , Putz Zsuzsanna , Istenes Ildikó , Hajdú Noémi , Békeffy Magdolna , Körei Anna Erzsébet , Tordai Dóra , Kempler Péter
Published: June 2021

A szerzők fiatal, 1-es típusú cukorbetegség szövődményeként diabeteses neuropathiában szenvedő betegük lábsérülésének következtében kialakult Charcot-láb kórtörténetét mutatják be esettanulmányukban. A 25 éves nőbeteg felvételére a szénhidrát-anyagcsere egyensúlyának rendezése céljából került sor. Klinikai felvételekor jobb oldali nem gyógyuló talpi fekélyre és következményesen kialakult Charcot-lábra derült fény. Inzulinadagjainak módosítását követően vércukorértékei közel normális tartományba kerültek. A vizsgálatok közepes fokú, hypaesthesiás típusú szenzoros neuropathiát igazoltak. A röntgen- és CT-vizsgálat a jobb boka csontjainak szerkezeti elváltozásait, a lábboltozat deformitását igazolták. A végtag tehermentesítése mellett, 10 napos alfa-liponsav infúziós és intravénás pamidronatkezelésben részesült a beteg, ortézisének elkészítése folyamatban volt. Esetünk felhívja a figyelmet szénhidrátanyagcsere-helyzet egyensúlyban tartásának fontosságára, hiszen a diabeteses neuropathia már fiatalkorban is súlyos szövődményekhez, akár Charcot-láb kialakulásához vezethet. Cukorbetegeink figyelmét kiemelt fontosságú felhívnunk nem csak a szénhidrát-anyagcsere egyensúlyban tartására, hanem a neuropathiás fekélyek kialakulásának rizikójára, valamint időben történő szakszerű ellátására is.
2-es típusú diabetes gyermek- és ifjúkorban : Az időzített bomba tovább ketyeg
Authors: Körner Anna
Published: June 2021

A szerző összefoglaló jellegű munkájában ismerteti a gyermek- és fiatalkorban jelentkező 2-es típusú diabetesről szóló legfrissebb ismereteket. A betegség incidenciájáról és prevalenciájáról szóló friss adatok alapján megállapítja, hogy az elmúlt évtizedekben folytatódott a fiatalkori 2-es típusú diabetes előfordulásának növekedése. A szerző összehasonlítja a gyermek- és fiatalkorban, illetve az érettkorban kezdődő 2-es típusú diabetes jellegzetességeit, megállapítva azt a néhány éve már megfigyelt jelenséget, hogy a fiatalkorban manifesztálódó betegség egy lényegesen agresszívebb forma, ami sokkal hamarabb vezet súlyos szövődményekhez. Ismerteti az alkalmazott prevenciós stratégiákat és azok eredményeit. Felhívja a figyelmet, hogy a fiatalkori 2-es típusú diabetes kialakulására a fötális életben zajló események, (mint az anyai gesztációs diabetes) és az élet legkorább szakaszában ható noxák alapvető szerepet játszanak, ezért a prevenciót a lehető legkorábban meg kell kezdeni. Összefoglalja azokat az előre mutató lépéseket, amelyek a fiatalkori 2-es típusú diabetes kezelésében bekövetkeztek.
Benfotiamin a diabeteses neuropathia kezelésében
Authors: Winkler Gábor , Keresztes Katalin , Jermendy György , Kempler Péter
Published: June 2021

Napjainkban a benfotiamin a neuropathiás károsodások oki kezelésének egyik alapgyógyszere. Bár mind hatásmechanizmusa, mind klinikai alkalmazási lehetőségei jól körvonalazottak, ismereteink folyamatosan gyarapszanak. A közlemény áttekinti klinikai farmakológiája és biokémiai hatásai főbb jellemzőit, valamint az adásával kapcsolatos újabb kísérletes és klinikai megfigyeléseket. Rámutat, hogy a hatóanyag kedvező mellékhatás-spektruma és sokoldalú alkalmazhatósága folytán indikációs köre várhatóan tovább bővülhet majd.
A perifériás szenzoros neuropathia szűrése Q-Sense készülékkel 1-es típusú cukorbeteg gyermekekben és ifjakban
Authors: Blatniczky László , Tobisch Borbála
Published: June 2021

Bevezetés: A gyermekkorban induló 1-es típusú diabetes mellitus manifesztációjának utóbbi években tapasztalt anticipációja felveti a késői szövődmények korai szűrésének szükségességét. A neuropathia gyermek-ifjúkorban történő időbeni felismerése és gyakorisága tekintetében a közölt eredmények ellentmondásosak. Kitüntetetten vonatkozik ez a perifériás szenzoros neuropathiára. Betegek és módszer: A szerzők az elmúlt három évben 163 (84 fiú és 79 leány) általuk gondozott 1-es típusú diabeteses betegnél Q-Sense®(Medoc) készülékkel mérték a thenar, valamint a lábhát meleg- és hidegérzését. Életkoruk 8–23 év közötti, diabetesük tartama 5–18 év közötti volt. Részletesen ismertetik a Magyarországon még alig használt készülék működési elvét. Adataik alapján nemcsak a klinikai eredményeket, hanem a készülék működését is minősítik. A 32 °C-os kiinduló hőmérséklethez viszonyítva a csökkent melegérzetet >35 °C feletti esetben, míg a hidegérztet <30 °C alatti észlelés esetén tekintették kórosnak. Eredményeiket a két nem együttes adatainak statisztikai analízisével ismertetik. Eredmények: A vizsgálat kivitelezésekor a legfiatalabb gyermekeknél sem merült fel technikai probléma. A módszer szenzitivitása a lábhát melegérzése esetében 82%, specificitása 79%. A hidegérzés vizsgálatakor mind a thenar, mind a lábhát felett átlagosan normális értékeket mértek (30,67±1,09 vs. 30,63±1,53 °C), míg a szórások nem zárják ki egyes betegeknél a határértéknél alacsonyabb, kóros észlelés lehetőségét. A thenar felett mért melegérzés átlagosan nem éri el a kóros mértéket (33,67±1,11 °C), ugyanakkor a lábhát melegérzésének átlaga csaknem eléri a határértéket (34,99±1,98). Utóbbi eredmények esetében nem találtak összefüggést az alapvető betegadatokkal (életkor, a diabetes tartama, HbA1c, inzulinigény), de szoros korreláció volt kimutatható a vizsgálat „belső” szórásával. Betegeik 41,1%-ában volt >35 °C a melegérzet jelzettsége, fiúkban nagyobb gyakorisággal, mint leányokban. E pozitív érzetű betegek közül csak 7 esetben volt kóros (≤6,0) a hangvilla teszt. Megállapítások: A Q-Sense készülékkel történő vizsgálat technikailag könnyen kivitelezhető, a mért eredmények jól reprodukálhatók. Rendszeres szűrésre a lábhát melegérzésének vizsgálata a legérzékenyebb módszer. A melegérzés csökkenésével pozitív korrelációban nő a „belső” szórás, aminek hátterében az érzéshatár felismerésének gyengülése is állhat. A vékony mielinhüvelyű hőérző rostok károsodása megelőzi a vastag rostokét, ezért a hangvillavizsgálat pozitivitása már csak jelentős károsodás esetén veti fel a perifériás szenzoros neuropathia jelenlétét. Saját eredmények alapján a lábhát melegérzésének vizsgálata a funkciózavar korai felismerésére alkalmas. Egyéb neuropathiatesztek eredményeivel összevetve további megfigyelések lesznek hivatottak tisztázni e vizsgálat kezelési indikációt is jelentő értékét.
The Experience of RAB-Regulation Implementation in Electricity Distribution Grid Companies
Authors: Shvets N. N. , Demidov A. V.
Published: June 2021

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Update on Domestic and Foreign Policy of Spain
Authors: Kharkevich M. V.
Published: June 2021

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The Demarcation Process between Yugoslavia and Italy: Political and Diplomatic Aspects
Authors: Marash A.
Published: June 2021

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Contemporary Issues of French-USA Cultural Relationship
Authors: Kosenko S. M.
Published: June 2021

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Assessing Competition in the Russian Banking System
Authors: Gristchenko V. O.
Published: June 2021

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Language Functioning in Specific Social and Relevant Conditions (case of Hindi Language)
Authors: Tolibi S.
Published: June 2021

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Russia as a Partner in Development Assistance. International Cooperation in Health Care
Authors: Korepanov D. V. , Komagaeva J. A.
Published: June 2021

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The New Vision of Foreign Policy Discourse in Academic and Analytical Literature
Authors: Nebolsina M. A.
Published: June 2021

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Novels in Contractual Law
Authors: Vershinina E. V. , Kabatova E. V.
Published: June 2021

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The Contemporary Agenda of Global Civil Society
Authors: Kuznetsov V. S.
Published: June 2021

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The Eurasian Integration as a New Stage of Development of the Russian Statehood
Authors: Podberezkina O. A.
Published: June 2021

In the article eurasian integration is examined from the point of view of the new stage of development of the Russian state system. To that purpose are analysed the features of «phase transition» of Russia to qualitatively new civilization essence, line of the national innovative system, structure of creative class and demographic potential of country, sixth technological mode and chances of capture its to the Russian Federation.