bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anxiety and Depression Among Pregnant Women in Plain and Plateaus Areas: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Chen Jiebing , Zou Qiaojian , Jiang Cheng , Huang Jiaming , Liu Xiaochen , Zhou Jun , Ding Sha , Wang Ganlu , Yao Shuzhong
Published: November 2020

Background: Perinatal anxiety and depression can severely damage both maternal and infant’s health and result in negative effects. In this study, we investigated the current state of anxiety and depression among pregnant women in Tibet and Guangzhou and identified its risk factors, which would provide guidance for clinical daily work.Methods: From September 2018 to May 2019, 169 pregnant women in Tibet and 199 of them in Guangzhou were selected. Zung's Self Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to assess the degree of anxiety and depression, respectively. All the data were collected by the questionnaire.Results: The SAS and SDS scores in Guangzhou were 42.4±8.5 and 48.0±9.5 respectively, while the same score became 46.6±8.0 and 54.7±8.9 in Tibet. Scores of pregnant women in Tibet were significantly higher than in Guangzhou (P < 0.05). Trimester, nationality, delivery times and educational experience were considered to be influence factors for anxiety and depression among pregnant women.Conclusions: Pregnant women living in plateaus areas of China have higher SAS and SDS scores than in plain areas, especially for those with a low level of educational experience. More attention should be paid in future work.
Incidence and Risk Factors for Deep Venous Thrombosis of Lower Extremity After Surgical Treatment of Isolated Patella Fractures
Authors: Tan Zhanchao , Hu Hongzhi , Deng Xiangtian , Zhu Jian , Zhu Yanbin , Ye Dandan , Cheng Xiaodong , Zhang Yingze
Published: November 2020

Background: Limited information exists on the incidence of postoperative deep venous thromboembolism (DVT) in patients with isolated patella fractures. The objective of this study was to investigate the postoperative incidence and locations of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremity in patients underwent isolated patella fractures and to identify the associated risk factors.Methods: We collected the medical data of 716 hospitalized patients with acute isolated patella fracture who presented at the 3rd Hospital of Hebei Medical University between January 1, 2016, and February 31, 2019 and all patients met the inclusion criteria. Medical data were collected using the inpatient record system, including the patient demographics, patient’s bad hobbies, comorbidities, past medical history, fracture and surgery-related factors, and hematological biomarkers, total hospital stay, preoperative stay. Doppler examination was conducted for the diagnosis of DVT, Univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the independent risk factors.Results: Among the 716 patients, DVT was confirmed in 29 cases, indicating an incidence of 4.1%. DVT involved bilateral limbs (injured and uninjured) in one patient (3.4%). DVT involved superficial femoral common vein in 1 case (3.4%), popliteal vein in 6 cases (20.7%), posterior tibial vein in 11 cases (37.9%), and peroneal vein in 11 cases (37.9%). The median of the interval between surgery and diagnosis of DVT was 4.0 days (range: 1.0 to 8.0 days). Six variables were identified to be independent risk factors for DVT, including age category (>65 years old), OR, 4.44 (1.34 - 14.71), arrhythmia, OR, 4.41(1.20 - 16.15), intra-operative blood loss, OR, 1.01 (1.00 - 1.02), preoperative stay (delay of each day), OR, 1.43 (1.15 - 1.78). Surgical duration, OR, 1.04 (1.03 - 1.06), LDL-C (> 3.37 mmol/L), OR, 2.98 (1.14 - 7.76).Conclusion: Incidence of postoperative DVT in patients with isolated patella fractures is not low. More attentions should be paid on postoperative DVT prophylaxis in patients with isolated patella fractures. Identification of associated risk factors can help clinicians recognize the risk population, assess the risk of DVT and develop personalized prophylaxis strategies.
Surgical excision of complex lipoma from the foot: a case report 
Authors: Uddin Akram , Flanagan George , Reilly Ian
Published: November 2020

Background: Soft tissue malignant tumours of the foot and ankle are rare. Diagnostic imaging and interventional biopsy are vital to establish the nature and grading of a suspicious tumour prior to surgical intervention. The purpose of the study is to provide an account on how a symptomatic mass to the plantar aspect of the foot warranted a referral to a sarcoma centre, highlighting the importance of having urgent access to diagnostic imaging and a pathway to refer suspected cases to specialist centres. Method: A single patient with a symptomatic soft tissue tumour of the plantar foot was referred from our service to the regional sarcoma centre. It was considered to be benign and therefore open surgical resection was performed under local anaesthesia by our team, and the lesion sent for histopathological examination. Results: Histopathological analysis identified the excised mass as a lipoma to show no atypia or necrosis and mature adipose tissue with fibrous bands. At 2 years postoperatively there was no recurrence and the patient presented an asymptomatic foot. Favourable patient reported outcomes measures were observed. Conclusion: United Kingdom (UK) Guidelines suggest that all soft tissue masses of suspicious nature, greater than 50mm, deep seated irrespective of size, or fast growing should be referred to a sarcoma unit prior to surgical management. European guidance identifies a threshold of 15mm for a mass in the foot. Patients presenting with red flag symptoms irrespective of size of mass should be referred to a sarcoma centre. Advanced imaging and multidisciplinary input to enable appropriate surgical planning is recommended for these soft tissue tumours that present to the foot and ankle surgeon.Level of evidence: V case study.
An Integrated mRNA-lncRNA Signature for Overall Survival Prediction in Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Zeng Liping , Mukiibi Robert , Xu Derong , Xin Hongbo , Zhang Feng
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe incidence and mortality rate of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) have been rising globally. Patients with CCA have extremely poor prognosis, partly due to the silent clinical character and hence diagnosed at advantage stage without effective treatments. There is growing evidence showing that aberrant expression of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in tumorigenesis and development of CCA. It is essential to establish an integrated mRNA-lncRNA signature to improve the ability of prognostic prediction in CCA patients.MethodsWe collected a training dataset of 45 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset and a validation cohort (GSE107943) of 57 patients from Gene Expression Omnibus. An integrated mRNA-lncRNA risk score was established by a univariate and a multivariate Cox regression analyses. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate prognostic performance. Moreover, we conducted a correlation analysis between the signature and different clinical characteristics, and preformed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and functional enrichment analysis to investigate functional roles of the integrated signature.ResultsA total of two mRNAs (CFHR3 and PIWIL4) and two lncRNAs (AC007285.1 and AC134682.1) were identified to construct the integrated signature through a univariate Cox regression (P-value = 1.35E-02) and a multivariable Cox analysis (P-value = 1.12E-02). The ROC curve suggested the integrated mRNA-lncRNA signature possessed a high specificity and sensitivity of prognostic prediction with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.872 and 0.790 at 1-year and 3-years, respectively. Subsequently, the signature was validated in GSE107943 cohort and combined dataset, and an area under the ROC curve reached up to 0.750 and 0.819 at 1-year. The signature was not only independent from different clinical features (P-value= 1.12E-02), but also outperformed other clinical characteristics as prognostic biomarkers with AUC of 0.781 at 3 years. These molecules in the integrated signature may associated with metabolic-related biological process and lipid metabolism pathway, which was highly involved in CCA carcinogenesis. ConclusionThese results showed that the integrated mRNA-lncRNA signature had an independent prognostic value for risk stratification, and further facilitated personalized treatment for CCA patients.
The Efficacy of Corticosteroid Therapy in Fibrotic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis: A Propensity Score-matched Cohort Analysis
Authors: Ejima Masaru , Okamoto Tsukasa , Suzuki Takafumi , Anzai Tatsuhiko , Takahashi Kunihiko , Miyazaki Yasunari
Published: November 2020

Background: Fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a chronic interstitial lung disease caused by allergic responses to repeated exposures to a causative antigen. Therapeutic evidence of corticosteroid for fibrotic HP remains lacking, although corticosteroid is recognized as a major treatment option. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of corticosteroid for patients with fibrotic HP in a propensity score-matched cohort.Methods: Retrospective medical record review from 2005 to 2019 in a single center was conducted to identify 144 patients with fibrotic HP. Semiquantitative scores of lung abnormalities on HRCT were evaluated. Patients with corticosteroid treatment (PDN group) and without the treatment (non-PDN group) were matched using a propensity score method. Survival rates and serial changes in pulmonary function, and annual changes in HRCT scores werecompared between pair-matched patients. Results: In the matched analysis, 30 of the PDN group were matched with 30 of the non-PDN group, the majority of which comprised ILD without extensive fibrosis. The survival rate was significantly better in the PDN group (P = 0.032for the stratified Cox proportional hazards model; HR, 0.250). Absolute changes in %FVC at 6, 12, and 24 months from baseline were significantly better in the PDN group. Fewer cases experienced annual deterioration in HRCT scores in the non-PDN group for ground-glass attenuation, consolidation, reticulation, traction bronchiectasis and honeycombing. Conclusions: Fibrotic HP without extensive fibrosis may receive benefits from corticosteroid treatment in terms of improvements in survival rate and pulmonary function decline and inhibition of fibrotic progression. We propose that early initiation of corticosteroid be considered for fibrotic HP when worsening fibrosis is observed.
WITHDRAWN: Early Detection of Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer as Lineage Plasticity in Recurrent Prostate Cancer After Radiation and Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Case Report
Authors: Komori Takahiro , Kosaka Takeo , Watanabe Keitaro , Yasumizu Yota , Mikami Shuji , Oya Mototsugu
Published: November 2020

Background: Neuroendocrine prostate cancer is one of the most aggressive prostate cancers, with severely poor prognosis. However, its detection is difficult because no useful marker has been found so far. In addition, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and PSMA positron emission tomography/computed tomography don’t help in neuroendocrine prostate cancer. However, its early detection is necessary because its prognosis is poor.Case presentation: We described three cases of early neuroendocrine prostate cancer detection after initial external beam radiotherapy followed by salvage androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). We used Magnetic Resonance Imaging for three ADT-resistant patients, and it detected neuroendocrine prostate cancer in all three, although the PSA level was <2 ng/mL.Conclusions: Magnetic resonance imaging might be a better modality for neuroendocrine prostate cancer detection despite low serum prostate-specific-antigen levels.. Our findings in these three cases will help establish better criteria or better follow-up for patients administered salvage androgen deprivation therapy for biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after external beam radiotherapy.
Whole-exome Sequencing Reveals the Etiology of the Rare Primary Hepatic Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
Authors: Hou Ping , Su Xiaoyan , Cao Wei , Xu Liping , Zhang Rongguiyi , Huang Zhihao , Wang Jiakun , Li Lixiang , Wu Linquan , Liao Wenjun
Published: November 2020

Background Primary hepatic mucoepidermoid carcinoma (HMEC)is extremely rare and the molecular etiology is still unknown.Recently, The CRTC1-MAML2 fusion gene was detected in a primary HMEC which is often associated with MEC of salivary gland in the literature. Methods a 64-year-old male was diagnosed with HMEC based on malignant squamous cells and mucus-secreting cells in immunohistochemical examination. Whole-exome sequencing(WES) and sanger sequencing were used to reveal the molecular characteristics of HMEC,and analysis with public datas among hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma and salivary MEC. Meanwhile, The susceptibility genes were identified in pedigree investigation.Result Significant somatic mutations in GNAS,KMT2C,ELF3 genes were identified in primary HMEC by WES and sanger sequencing. Meanwhile, through public data analysis, somtatic GNAS gene alterd in 2.1% hepatobiliary tumors, and typically GNAS occur at exon 8, in which Arg201 is converted to either a cysteine (R201C) or a histidine (R201H) related with cholangiocarcinoma associated with parasite infection .Furthermore, heterozygous germline mutations of FANCA, FANCI, FANCJ/BRIP1 and FAN1 genes were also identified. Pedigree investigation verified that mutation of susceptibility genes of Fanconi's anemia were present in the pedigree.Conclusions It was the first time to demonstrate the molecular etiology of the rare HMEC associated with germline Fanconi’s anemia mutations and somatic GNAS R201H mutation.
Adipocytokine Profile Reveals a Significant Cytokine Network in the Acute Phase of Sepsis
Authors: Ebihara Takeshi , Matsumoto Hisatake , Matsubara Tsunehiro , Matsuura Hiroshi , Hirose Tomoya , Shimizu Kentaro , Ogura Hiroshi , Kang Sujin , Tanaka Toshio , Shimazu Takeshi
Published: November 2020

Background: The cytokines compose a network and play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of sepsis. Adipose tissue is noted as an important immune endocrine organ that releases adipocytokines. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adipocytokines in sepsis from a network perspective.Methods: This retrospective study comprising 37 patients with sepsis and 12 healthy controls was conducted from February 2014 to July 2015. Blood samples (maximum of 7 samples per patient, 185 samples in total) were collected from the patients on days 1 (within 24 hours of the diagnosis), 2, 4, 6, 8, 11 and 15 and from the healthy controls. Adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin, resistin, chemerin, visfatin, vaspin, CXCL-12/SDF-1, angiotensinogen), inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12/IL-23p40, TNF-α, MCP-1), and PAI-1 were measured. The APACHE II score was evaluated on day 1, and the SOFA score and JAAM and ISTH overt disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) scores were assessed at the same time points at which blood was sampled.Results: Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that the cluster formed by resistin, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and IL-10 on days 1, 2 and 4 represented the cytokine network throughout the acute phase of sepsis. There was a significant association of each cytokine in this network with SOFA and JAAM DIC scores over the acute phase. In a Cox proportional hazards model focusing on the acute phase, each of these cytokines showed a significant relation with patient prognosis.Conclusions: Adipocytokines and an inflammatory cytokine profile were assessed over time in patients with sepsis. We found that resistin was involved in an inflammatory cytokine network including IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and MCP-1 in the acute phase of sepsis, and this network was associated with the severity and prognosis of sepsis.
Prevalence of IgG Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan – Implications for the Longevity of Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Liu Tao , Wu Sanyun , Tao Huangheng , Zeng Guang , Zhou Fuling , Wang Xinghuan
Published: November 2020

Background It is to be determined whether people infected with SARS-CoV-2 will develop long-term immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and retain long-lasting antibodies after the infection is resolved. This study was to explore the outcomes of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in four groups of individuals in Wuhan, China.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study on the following four groups who received both COVID-19 IgM/IgG tests and RT-PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 from February 29, 2020 to April 29, 2020: 1470 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 from Leishenshan Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, and Wuhan No. 7 Hospital, 3832 healthcare providers without COVID-19 diagnosis, 19555 general workers, and 1616 other patients to be admitted to the hospital (N=26473). COVID-19 patients who received IgM/IgG tests <21 days after symptom onset were excluded. Results IgG prevalence was 89.8% (95% CI 88.2-91.3%) in COVID-19 patients, 4.0% (95% CI 3.4-4.7%) in healthcare providers, 4.6 (95% CI 4.3-4.9 %) in general workers, and 1.0% in other patients (p all <0.001 for comparisons with COVID-19 patients). IgG prevalence increased significantly by age among healthcare workers and general workers. Among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, presence of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was not associated with most disease severity, presence of comorbidities, treatment received, and clinical characteristics. We identified 24 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and multiple COVID-19 antibody tests who lost previously detected IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2ConclusionsIgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in infected people may become undetectable overtime.
Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomal miR-27b Attenuate Subretinal Fibrosis via Suppressing Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition by Targeting HOXC6
Authors: Li dongli , Zhang Junxiu , Liu Zijia , Gong Yuanyuan , Zheng Zhi
Published: November 2020

Background and aimSubretinal fibrosis resulting from neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is one of the major causes of serious and irreversible vision loss worldwide, and no definite and effective treatment exists currently. Retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) cells are crucial in maintaining the visual function of normal eyes and its epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis. Stem cells-derived exosomes have been reported to play a crucial part in tissue fibrosis by transferring their molecular contents. This study aimed to explore the effects of human umbilical cordderived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (hucMSC-Exo) on subretinal fibrosis in vivo and in vitro and to investigate the anti-fibrotic mechanism of hucMSC-Exo.Methods In this study, we successfully cultured and identified human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSC), and isolated exosomes from their supernatant by ultracentrifugation.Laser-induced (choroidal neovascularization) CNV and subretinal fibrosis model indicated that intravitreal administration of hucMSC-Exo effectively alleviated subretinal fibrosis in vivo. Furthermore, we found that hucMSC-Exo could efficaciously suppress RPE cells migration and promote the mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET) by delivering miR-27b-3p. Analysis of the latent binding of miR-27b-3p to HOXC6 was made by bioinformatics prediction and luciferase reporter assays. ResultsThe study showed that intravitreal injection of hucMSC-Exo effectively ameliorated laser-induced CNV and subretinal fibrosis via suppression of EMT process. In addition, hucMSC-Exo containing miR-27b repressed the EMT process in RPE cells induced by the TGF-β2 via inhibiting HOXC6 (Homeobox protein Hox-C6) expression. ConclusionsThis study provided novel insights into the anti-fibrotic mechanism of hucMSC-Exo on subretinal fibrosis. HucMSCs-derived exosomal miR-27b could reverse the process of EMT induced by TGF-β2 via inhibiting HOXC6, which indicated that exosomal miR-27b/HOXC6 axis could play a vital role on ameliorating subretinal fibrosis. Our study put forward a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of ocular fibrotic diseases, as well as comprehension into the mechanism of hucMSC-Exo under subretinal fibrosis.
Exosomes From LPS-stimulated hDPSCs Promote the Angiogenesis of HUVECs
Authors: Huang Xiangyu , Qiu Wei , Pan Yuhua , Li Jianjia , Chen Zhao , Zhang Kaiying , Luo Yifei , Wu Buling , Xv Wenan
Published: November 2020

Background: Angiogenesis is fundamental to biomimetic pulp regeneration. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) from patients with periodontitis were reported to have better angiogenic capabilities. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains unknown. As an important component of EVs, exosomes from hDPSCs were indicated to play a crucial role in multiple regeneration processes. In this study, the inflammatory factor lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to stimulate hDPSCs, and exosomes were extracted from these hDPSCs. The role of exosomes in the angiogenesis of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) was examined, and the underlying mechanism was studied.Method: Exosomes were isolated from hDPSCs with or without LPS stimulation. The angiogenic capabilities of HUVECs were evaluated after coculture with exosomes derived from hDPSCs (hDPSC-EXOs) or exosomes derived from LPS-stimulated hDPSCs (LPS-hDPSC-EXOs). Tube formation and migration assays were conducted, and angiogenesis-related mRNA expression was detected. MicroRNA sequencing was performed to explore the microRNA profile of hDPSC-EXOs and LPS-hDPSC-EXOs. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was used to study the functions of the predicted target genes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was used to estimate the signaling pathways associated with the inflammation-induced angiogenesis process.Result: The release of hDPSC-EXOs increased after stimulation with LPS. Compared to endocytosis of hDPSC-EXOs, endocytosis of LPS-hDPSC-EXOs promoted the tube formation and migration of HUVECs. The mRNA expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and kinase-insert domain-containing receptor (KDR) in the LPS-hDPSC-EXOs group were significantly higher than those in the hDPSC-EXOs group. MicroRNA sequencing showed that 10 microRNAs were significantly changed in LPS-hDPSC-EXOs; of these microRNAs, 7 were increased, and 3 were decreased. Pathway analysis showed that the genes targeted by differentially expressed microRNAs were involved in multiple angiogenesis-related pathways.Conclusion: This study revealed that exosomes derived from inflammatory hDPSCs displayed a stronger effect on vascular regeneration. It’s the first time to explore the role of exosomal microRNA from hDPSCs in inflammation-induced angiogenesis. This finding sheds new light on the effect of inflammation-stimulated hDPSCs on tissue regeneration.
The value of neurohumoral regulation in the outcome of multiple organ failure syndrome in sepsis
Authors: Leontiev M. A. , Vodova A. B. , Kravchuk S. V.
Published: November 2020

The objective: to present information about potential mechanisms of development of sepsis-associated encephalopathy, and its potential role in sepsis outcome.

Neurohumoral regulation is the most important system that integrates many functions of variable values to achieve the final result that is beneficial for the host. The central nervous system (CNS) is the switch and control mechanism responsible for the functioning of this system. The increasing number of studies indicating the relationship between the development of sepsis and occurrence of qualitative and quantitative changes in the central nervous system suggests that it is the degree of damage to neurohumoral regulation mechanisms at the very beginning of the disease can significantly determine the severity of the course and prognosis of the outcome of multiple organ failure syndrome in sepsis.
The Perception of Instructors and Learners' in Expertise Building in Vocational Courses in Ghana
Authors: Danquah Mustapha Bin
Published: November 2020

The main objective of the study was to ascertain the perception of instructors and learners regarding the role of supervision on expertise building in building construction course in vocational institutes in Ghana. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design and it was carried out at Cape Coast Technical Institute. Utilizing a simple random sampling technique, 90 students were selected while purposive sampling was adopted in the selection of the 10 teachers for the study. This means, in all, 100 participants were selected for the study. A questionnaire was the major instruction for data collection for the study. The result of the study shows that the teachers and several students strongly believe and were convinced that supervision of instruction can be instrumental to the development of expertise in building construction. It facilitates students understanding of valuable aspects of building construction; develop the right attitude and requisite skills. Given the above findings, it is recommended that instructors should be abreast the latest pedagogical approach in building construction to acquaint teachers with a practical yet simple way of imparting requisite skills in building construction students. Also, teachers of building construction should be cooperative with supervisors, be open and willing to adopt the constructive recommendation of supervisors and refrain from teaching student in an autocratic manner. It is also important for building construction teachers to be abreast with the latest information on building construction to build students' expertise valuable for the labour market.
Teachers’ and Students’ Experiences of Mandatory Online Teaching in Qatar: the case of a Covid-19 crisis
Authors: Moyo Caleb
Published: November 2020

The nature of schooling was forced to evolve during the Covid-19 pandemic as schools around the world were compelled to make a paradigm shift to teaching and learning through virtual learning environments (VLE). This inquiry sought to explore teachers’ and students’ experiences of mandatory online instruction and the role of instructional leadership in supporting the transition. Using a qualitative case study, three data generation techniques were used; one on one interview with teachers, focus group discussions with students and document analysis of e-mail correspondence from the school management to teachers in providing direction during the transition period. Responses were coded using word processing and the findings revealed lack of prior-training and preparedness for teachers which led to various challenges in navigating the online platforms. These challenges, some experienced by both teachers and students include; technical, heavy workload, lack of interaction, effective feedback and classroom management. Further, it was found that the instructional leadership practices of the school were focused more on giving directives than guidelines and support in navigating the ‘new normal’. The implications point towards, amongst other requisites, a need for social, cognitive and teaching presence in VLE and a more dynamic instructional leadership approach.
Assessment of Knowledge of Essential Supply Chain Functions among HIV/AIDS Supply Chain Workforce in Nigeria
Authors: Aguora Sunday O
Published: November 2020

Effective and efficient biomedical wastes management is vital in the health care delivery system, safe environment and public health could possibly be achieved through the standard practices of the biomedical waste procedures with safety measures in place. The study was aimed to evaluate the practices and the level of awareness of health workers towards biomedical waste management in selected hospitals in Abuja. Data were collected by structured questionnaire and on- the-spot observation. Three private and three public hospitals that provided health care services in Abuja were surveyed. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis were used in the analysis of the data. Chi-square (χ2) test was used to determine the level of significance set at p<0.05. The male health workers were 220 (55.00%) and the female were 180 (45.00%) in the survey. The nurses were the highest number of respondents in the study with frequency percentage of 117(28.75%) followed by the laboratory scientists 96 (24.00%), Pharmacists 71 (17.75%, Doctors 64(16.00%) and other health care workers 54 (13.50%). The practices of handling biomedical waste among health workers was a significant factor of biomedical waste management (p<0.05). The awareness on safety measures among health workers was a significant factor of biomedical waste management (p<0.05). Improvement in the aspects of training retraining of health workers will go a long way to fill the lapses in the biomedical waste’s management practices. Government should establish policies and laws to enforce strict compliance in accordance with WHO stipulations.
Due and specific performance of contractual obligations under Russian law
Authors:   MGIMO-University under the MFA of Russia, Alyakin Dmitry S.
Published: November 2020

The article examines the due and specific performance of contractual obligations under Russian law in addition to determining the ratio of these categories among themselves. The relevance of this article stems from the evolution of the market economy and the concomitant increase of the role of contractual performance, which mediates the movement of benefits between the parties of a business transaction. The effectiveness of this process, contributing to the economic growth of the state, is possible if the obligations are duly performed. The aim of the work is to examine the nature and structure of due and specific performance in order to identify their interrelation and value in the course of contractual performance. The research material consisted of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Russian jurisprudence, and Russian authors’ scientific papers in the field of civil law. The methodological basis involved general scientific (analysis, synthesis, and analogy) and special legal methods (comparativelegal, formal-logical, systemic, structural-functional methods, and method of interpretation). The allocation of the principle of due contractual performance under Russian law is justified. Herewith, due and specific performance are not just closely interrelated, but they are related overall and as components. It seems appropriate to consider specific performance as an element of the above-mentioned principle. However, specific performance is not a principle due to its lack of universality caused by certain restrictions and conditions for its implementation, taking into account the existing legal regulation and current practice. At the same time, specific performance continues to play an important role in the course of primarily long-term contractual performance and the performance of obligations arising from contracts involving monopolistic companies.
The Analysis of the content and structure of the contracting system for the procurement of goods, work, and services for state and municipal needs
Authors:   Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, Kabytov Pavel P.
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of the contracting system for the procurement of goods, work, and services for state and municipal needs. The author aims to determine the content of the contracting system as a legal category and its structure. In this context, the definitions of basic concepts in relation to the contracting system, such as a government contract, public procurement, and state needs are determined. Based on the analysis of the Russian Federation legislation and approaches established in domestic legal doctrine to the concept of the “contracting system”, the author reveals the substantive aspects of the legal phenomenon under investigation. The author concludes that the current structure of the contracting system is not optimal. The extension of the law on the contracting system to social relations, the essence and economic as well as legal content, which do not relate to its entity, the main principles, and objectives, has resulted in an ineffective legal impact on them. The author suggests changing the structure of participants of a contracting system on the basis of a specification of signs of the state (municipal) needs. It is proposed to exclude commercial organizations (the state and non-state forms of ownership) as entities which do not have state needs from the group of participants in the contracting system. State customers include budgetary and autonomous institutions. The author formulates proposals to amend current legislation on the contracting system to ensure the elimination of conflicts and contradictions in the legal regime regarding the purchases of goods, work, and services for the needs of the country’s defense and state security.
The system and development of People’s Republic of China legislation
Authors:   Southwestern University of Political Science and Law of China, Liu Qiucen
Published: November 2020

The article describes the current stage of development of the People’s Republic of China, which is distinguished by the specifics used by the author. Legislative activity in the PRC as a special procedure reflecting the will of the ruling class and supporting the coercive one. The concept of “law” today includes the activities in China of central and local authorities, individual administrative bodies for the adoption of bodies, decrees, administrative acts. According to the PRC Constitution, the National People’s Congress (NPC) and its permanent body, the NPC Standing Committee, are the legislative branch. Within the autonomous administrative territories of the PRC, its legislative power, determined by the Constitution of the PRC, operates. The author turns to the history of Chinese legislation, dwelling separately on the features of autonomous territories and special administrative systems. In the conclusion of the study, three problems emerge from the theory and practice of the PRC legislation: clarification of the guidelines; determination of rights and obligations in the field of legislation; unification of the legislative process. Discussion regarding principles does not currently cross the threshold of science, proposals for practical implementation can be implemented in the future. There are no rights and obligations in the field of legislation, and the problem of risky confusion arises from the two-tier system of legislative bodies and how they are delegated. Finally, the unification of the legislative process is also important, which consists of revising old acts and adopting new achievements of the goal of the current social and technological demands of the state and society.
The Fundamental doctrine of the criminalistics study of computer tools and systems as part of the theory of information and computer support for criminalistics activities
Authors:   Kutafin Moscow State Law University, Rossinskaya Elena R. , Semikalenova Anastasiya I. ,   Kutafin Moscow State Law University
Published: November 2020

The development of digitalization constantly generates new forms of crime, changes in the mechanisms of how they are committed, and concealment. The problem of combating such crimes is transnational in nature. This article considers the difficulties of creating the criminalistics study of computer tools and systems doctrine as part of the theory of information and computer support of criminalistics activities. The authors’ negative stance on the issue is indicated as well as the addition of definitions to the name of criminalistics that are related to the emergence of new objects of expertise: “electronic criminalistics”, “linguistic criminalistics”, “digital criminalistics”, and others. The unity of criminalistics as a science having its own subject, system, tasks, and objects is declared. The article substantiates the subject of the theory of criminalistics research of computer tools and systems as a system for gathering significant computer information on the basis of the knowledge of which technical and criminalistics methods, tools, techniques, and methods for identifying, fixing, and seizing evidence and orienting criminalistics information about computer tools are developed. In addition, the theory is based on systems in legal proceedings in criminal, civil, and administrative cases. The objects of this theory are computer tools and systems as well as the search and criminalistics evidence of information contained in them. Based on the doctrine of the criminalistics investigation of computer tools and systems, the foundations of a new area of criminalistics techniques and technology, as a system of scientific principles, are provided. This area centers around recommendations, tools, techniques, and methods designed to collect and study information about computer tools and systems. Digital footprints and the processes of their occurrence, transmission, and transformation in order to obtain evidence in legal proceedings, disclosure, and prevention of crimes, are included.
Tatalaksana Bronkospasme selama Anestesi Umum
Authors:   Departemen Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya/ RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar, Malang, Indonesia, Rahmadinie Amalia , Vitraludyono Rudy ,   Departemen Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya/ RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar, Malang, Indonesia
Published: November 2020

Bronkospasme selama prosedur anestesi umum merupakan salah satu kejadian yang tidak diharapkan. Menurut beberapa literatur, etiologinya dapat disebabkan oleh proses anafilaksis, faktor mekanis, maupun farmakologis. Karakteristik utama dari bronkospasme adalah pemanjangan waktu ekspirasi, mengi, dan peningkatan peak airway pressure. Identifikasi dan penatalaksanaan segera dari bronkospasme selama anestesi umum harus dapat segera diketahui agar tidak menyebabkan hipoksia berkepanjangan, hipotensi, dan peningkatan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas. Penyebab utama dari bronkospasme harus diketahui segera selama penatalaksanaan yang dilakukan
Pembelajaran Keaksaraan Dasar PKBM Bina Sekar Melati di Desa Triharjo, Kecamatan Pandak, Bantul
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno
Published: November 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  (1) Pelaksanaan pendidikan keaksaraan dasar, (2) Hasil dari pendidikan keaksaraan dasar, dan (3) Faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam pelaksanaaan pendidikan keaksaraan dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah pengelola PKBM Bina Sekar Melati, tutor pendidikan keaksaraan dan warga belajar pendidikan keaksaraan dasar. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi, Teknik analisis data menggunakan miles dan huberman. Hasil penelitian yaitu (1) Pelaksanaan Pendidikan keaksaraan dasar di Desa Triharjo, Kecamatan Pandak, Kabupaten Bantul berjalan dengan baik, (2) Hasil dari pendidikan keaksaraan dasar ialah warga belajar mampu membaca, menulis dan berhitung sederhana setelah diberikan pembelajaran, dan (3) Faktor pendukung pelaksanaan pendidikan keaksaraan dasar ialah (a) Kemampuan tutor, (b) dukungan dari pemerintah pusat, (c) dukungan dari pemerintah setempat, (d) motivasi dari warga belajar, dan (e) sarana dan prasarana yang memadai . Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya ialah (a) daya tangkap warga belajar berbeda-beda, (b) Kegiatan di desa seperti arisan PKK, Membantu tetangga yang mempunyai hajatan serta mati listrik membuat warga belajar tidak berangkat pembelajaran Basic Literacy Learning PKBM Bina Sekar Melati in Triharjo Village, Pandak District, Bantul AbstractThis study aims to determine (1) Implementation of basic literacy education, (2) Results of basic literacy education, and (3) Supporting and inhibiting factors in implementing basic literacy education. This study uses qualitative research methods with a qualitative descriptive approach. The subjects of this study were the manager of PKBM Bina Sekar Melati, literacy education tutors and residents learning basic literacy education. Data collection methods used were interviews, observation and documentation, data analysis techniques using miles and Huberman. The results of the study are (1) The implementation of basic literacy education in Triharjo Village, Pandak Subdistrict, Bantul Regency is going well, (2) The results of basic literacy education are the people learning to be able to read, write and count simple after learning, and (3) Factors supporters of the implementation of basic literacy education are (a) Tutor ability, (b) support from the central government, (c) support from local government, (d) motivation from learning citizens, and (e) adequate facilities and infrastructure. While the inhibiting factors are (a) the different learning capacities of the residents of learning, (b) Activities in the village such as the PKK social gathering, helping neighbors who have a celebration and power outages make learning residents not go to learning.
“Mirror of Effect” dalam Perkembangan Perilaku Anak pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Ismaniar Ismaniar , Utoyo Setiyo
Published: November 2020

AbstrakWork From Home (WFH) selama masa pandemi covid 19 memberikan dampak yang cukup beragam bagi setiap orang. Terjadinya perubahan secara tiba-tiba dalam habitual keseharian senantiasa menyebabkan ketidaksiapan secara emosional pada setiap anggota keluarga, baik orang tua maupun anak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan kesadaran orang tua akan pengaruh negatif yang dapat terjadi akibat interaksi yang terjadi antara anggota keluarga, pada perkembangan perilaku anak usia dini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; Mirror of effect merupakan suatu fenomena yang terjadi dimana perilaku anak mencerminkan perilaku lingkungan sosial di sekitarnya. Karakteristik anak yang cenderung mudah berimitasi, belum memiliki konsep yang kuat tentang moral serta menyukai aktivitas bermain menyebabkan kemungkinan Mirror of effect terhadap hal negatif dalam perkembangan perilakunya akan terjadi jika orang tua kurang mampu mengendalikan emosi selama Work From Home pada masa pandemi covid 19. Oleh sebab itu maka diharapkan orang tua mampu mengendalikan emosi dan selalu berusaha menciptakan lingkungan keluarga yang kondusif untuk perkembangan perilaku anak. “Mirror of Effect” in the Development of Child Behavior During Work From Home (WFH) during the Covid Pandemic 19AbstractWork From Home (WFH) during the Covid 19 pandemic had quite a variety of impacts for everyone. The sudden change in daily habituals always causes emotional unpreparedness in each family member, both parents and children. The purpose of this study is to increase parental awareness of the negative effects that can occur due to interactions that occur between family members and on the development of early childhood behavior. The research method used is literature study. The results showed that; Mirror of effect is a phenomenon that occurs in which children's behavior reflects the behavior of the social environment around them. The characteristics of children who tend to easily imitate, do not have a strong concept of morality and like playing activities, causing the possibility of a Mirror of effect on negative things in the development of their behavior if parents are less able to control emotions during Work From Home during the Covid 19 pandemic. Therefore, it is hoped that parents will be able to control emotions and always try to create a family environment that is conducive to the development of children's behavior.
The level of motor ability of soccer athletes in the FC UNY Academy in 2020
Authors: Yudanto Yudanto , Alfian Tifa
Published: November 2020

This research aims to find out the level of motor ability of the Football Athlete at the FC UNY Academy in 2020. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of motor ability of the Football Athlete at the FC UNY Academy in 2020. This research was a quantitative research with survey method. The research population was 24 Soccer players from Yogyakarta State University FC Academy in 2020. The test instruments used in this study are using the Barrow motor ability test which includes: Standing broad jump , Soft ball throw , Zigzag run , Wall pass , Medicine ball put , Running 60 yard dash. Measuring instruments used to measure are stopwatch and meter. Data analysis techniques using descriptive analysis with percentage. The results of the research on the motor ability level of Football Athletes at the FC UNY Academy in 2020 as the following:  2 athletes (8.33%) are in very high category, 2 athletes (8.33%) are in high category, 10 athletes (41.67 %) are in moderate category, 8 athletes (33.33%) are in poor category, 2 athletes (8.33%) are in very poor category. Tingkat kemampuan motorik atlet sepakbola di Akademi FC UNY tahun 2020 AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa tingkat kemampuan motorik Atlet Sepakbola Di Akademi FC UNY Tahun 2020. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan motorik Atlet Sepakbola Di Akademi FC UNY Tahun 2020. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan teknik tes pengukuran untuk mendapatkan data. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Atlet Sepakbola Di Akademi FC UNY Tahun 2020 yang berjumlah 24 orang. Instrumen tes yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan tes Barrow motor ability test yang meliputi: Standing broad jump, Soft ball throw, Zig-zag run, Wall pass, Medicine ball put, Lari 60 yard dash. Alat ukur yang digunakan untuk mengukur adalah stopwatch dan meteran. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan persentase. Hasil dari penelitian tingkat kemampuan motorik Atlet Sepakbola Di Akademi FC UNY Tahun 2020 sebagai berikut bahwa 2 atlet (8,33%) berada pada kategori sangat tinggi, 2 atlet (8,33%) berada pada kategori tinggi, 10 atlet (41,67%) berada pada kategori sedang, 8 atlet (33,33%) berada pada kategori kurang, 2 atlet (8,33%) berada pada kategori sangat kurang.
Ef 1,15: Tekst krótszy czy dłuższy?
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie, Linke Waldemar
Published: November 2020

The more commonly accepted version of Eph 1,15 separates faith in Jesus Christ and love for all saints. The oldest witnesses of the Greek text have a version: faith in Christ and to all saints. Some witnesses of Vetus Latina and Greek and Latin patristic texts speak for the shorter version of Eph. 1.15. The article analyzes patristic testimonies cited in support of the longer text. Exegesis in them does not confirm the presence of the faith-love dichotomy. In this way they become indirect testimonies of the shorter version. This is a practical example of the use of the criterion of explicitness.
Analysis of Drinking Related to Health Behaviors during Pregnancy: Focus on Community Health Survey Data
Authors: Kim Eun-Gyeong
Published: November 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate drinking as a health behavior during pregnancy.Methods: Secondary data obtained from the 2018 Korean Community Health Survey were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis via the software IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 21.0.Results: The multiple regression analysis revealed that age, monthly income, job, depression, lifetime smoking habit, breakfast frequency, and experiences of unmet medical needs were significant drinkingrelated factors connected with health behaviors during pregnancy.Conclusion: Several factors are associated with drinking during pregnancy. To improve health promotion during pregnancy, alcohol prevention programs should be developed that consider one’s socioeconomic status and health behaviors.