bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distributed hybrid-indexing of compressed pan-genomes for scalable and fast sequence alignment
Authors: Maarala Altti Ilari , Arasalo Ossi , Valenzuela Daniel , Mäkinen Veli , Heljanko Keijo
Published: August 2021

Computational pan-genomics utilizes information from multiple individual genomes in large-scale comparative analysis. Genetic variation between case-controls, ethnic groups, or species can be discovered thoroughly using pan-genomes of such subpopulations. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data volumes are growing rapidly, making genomic data compression and indexing methods very important. Despite current space-efficient repetitive sequence compression and indexing methods, the deployed compression methods are often sequential, computationally time-consuming, and do not provide efficient sequence alignment performance on vast collections of genomes such as pan-genomes. For performing rapid analytics with the ever-growing genomics data, data compression and indexing methods have to exploit distributed and parallel computing more efficiently. Instead of strict genome data compression methods, we will focus on the efficient construction of a compressed index for pan-genomes. Compressed hybrid-index enables fast sequence alignments to several genomes at once while shrinking the index size significantly compared to traditional indexes. We propose a scalable distributed compressed hybrid-indexing method for large genomic data sets enabling pan-genome-based sequence search and read alignment capabilities. We show the scalability of our tool, DHPGIndex, by executing experiments in a distributed Apache Spark-based computing cluster comprising 448 cores distributed over 26 nodes. The experiments have been performed both with human and bacterial genomes. DHPGIndex built a BLAST index for n = 250 human pan-genome with an 870:1 compression ratio (CR) in 342 minutes and a Bowtie2 index with 157:1 CR in 397 minutes. For n = 1,000 human pan-genome, the BLAST index was built in 1520 minutes with 532:1 CR and the Bowtie2 index in 1938 minutes with 76:1 CR. Bowtie2 aligned 14.6 GB of paired-end reads to the compressed (n = 1,000) index in 31.7 minutes on a single node. Compressing n = 13,375,031 (488 GB) GenBank database to BLAST index resulted in CR of 62:1 in 575 minutes. BLASTing 189,864 Crispr-Cas9 gRNA target sequences (23 MB in total) to the compressed index of human pan-genome (n = 1,000) finished in 45 minutes on a single node. 30 MB mixed bacterial sequences were (n = 599) were blasted to the compressed index of 488 GB GenBank database (n = 13,375,031) in 26 minutes on 25 nodes. 78 MB mixed sequences (n = 4,167) were blasted to the compressed index of 18 GB E. coli sequence database (n = 745,409) in 5.4 minutes on a single node.
An assessment of students’ emotional intelligence, learning outcomes, and academic efficacy: A correlational study in higher education
Authors: Shafait Zahid , Khan Muhammad Asif , Sahibzada Umar Farooq , Dacko-Pikiewicz Zdzisław , Popp József
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this empirical study is to investigate the effects of Emotional Intelligence (EI) on learning outcomes (social, cognitive, self-growth outcomes and satisfaction with the university experience) of students in Chinese research universities. This study further examines the mediating role of student trust in teachers (emotional and cognitive learning) and learning orientation (commitment to learning) in the relationship between EI and learning outcomes. This intent of this study was to examine the direct effects of learning outcomes on students’ academic efficacy (cognitive skills and standardised tests). This study used a sample frame of 454 students from research universities in China. The relationships were tested through the partial least squares’ structural equation modelling method. The results reveal that EI has a significant impact on learning outcomes. Furthermore, an indirect relation between EI and learning outcomes is established through student trust in teachers and in the learning orientation. The direct relation between learning outcomes and student academic efficacy is also established. There is a lack of studies that investigate the relationship of EI, student trust in teachers, learning orientation, learning outcomes and student academic efficacy. This is one of the initial research studies that not only empirically examine the interface of EI and learning outcomes of students of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) but offers insights into the existing literature by concurrent investigation of the mediating role of student trust in teachers and in the learning orientation in fundamental association, while explaining the association between learning outcomes and students’ better academic efficacy.
Applicability of TIVAP versus PICC in non-hematological malignancies patients: A meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Liu Baiying , Wu Zhiwei , Lin Changwei , Li Liang , Kuang Xuechun
Published: August 2021

Background

Applicability of totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) and peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC) in non-hematological malignancies patients remains controversial.

Methods

A systematic studies search in the public databases PubMed, EMBASE, Wan Fang, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), the Cochrane Library and Google Scholar (updated to May 1, 2020) was performed to identify eligible researches. All statistical tests in this meta-analysis were performed using Stata 12.0 software (Stata Corp, College Station, TX). A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

Thirteen studies were included in this final meta-analysis. The pooled data showed that compared with PICC, TIVAP was associated with a higher first-puncture success rate (OR:2.028, 95%CI:1.25–3.289, P<0.05), a lower accidental removal rate (OR:0.447, 95%CI:0.225–0.889, P<0.05) and lower complication rates, including infection (OR:0.570, 95%CI: 0.383–0.850, P<0.05), occlusion (OR:0.172, 95%CI:0.092–0.324, P<0.05), malposition (OR:0.279, 95%CI:0.128–0.608, P<0.05), thrombosis (OR:0.191, 95%CI, 0.111–0.329, P<0.05), phlebitis (OR:0.102, 95%CI, 0.038–0.273, P<0.05), allergy (OR:0.155, 95%CI:0.035–0.696, P<0.05). However, no difference was found in catheter life span (P>0.05) and extravasation (P>0.05). Moreover, TIVAP is more expensive compared with PICC in six-month use (weighted mean difference:3.132, 95%CI:2.434–3.83, P<0.05), but is much similar in 12 months use (P>0.05).

Conclusion

For the patients with non-hematological malignancies, TIVAP was superior to PICC in the data related to placement and the incidence of complications. Meanwhile, TIVAP is more expensive compared with PICC in six-month use, but it is much similar in twelve-month use.
A systematic review and meta-analysis on international studies of prevalence, mortality and survival due to coal mine dust lung disease
Authors: Lu Cynthia , Dasgupta Paramita , Cameron Jessica , Fritschi Lin , Baade Peter
Published: August 2021

Background

Coal mine dust lung disease comprises a group of occupational lung diseases including coal workers pneumoconiosis. In many countries, there is a lack of robust prevalence estimates for these diseases. Our objective was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of published contemporary estimates on prevalence, mortality, and survival for coal mine dust lung disease worldwide.

Methods

Systematic searches of PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases for English language peer-reviewed articles published from 1/1/2000 to 30/03/2021 that presented quantitative estimates of prevalence, mortality, or survival for coal mine dust lung disease. Review was conducted per PRISMA guidelines. Articles were screened independently by two authors. Studies were critically assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Pooled prevalence estimates were obtained using random effects meta-analysis models. Heterogeneity was measured using the I2 statistics and publication bias using Egger’s tests.

Results

Overall 40 studies were included, (31 prevalence, 8 mortality, 1 survival). Of the prevalence estimates, fifteen (12 from the United States) were retained for the meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence estimate for coal workers pneumoconiosis among underground miners was 3.7% (95% CI 3.0–4.5%) with high heterogeneity between studies. The pooled estimate of coal workers pneumoconiosis prevalence in the United States was higher in the 2000s than in the 1990s, consistent with published reports of increasing prevalence following decades of declining trends. Sub-group analyses also indicated higher prevalence among underground miners, and in Central Appalachia. The mortality studies were suggestive of reduced pneumoconiosis mortality rates over time, relative to the general population.

Conclusion

The ongoing prevalence of occupational lung diseases among contemporary coal miners highlights the importance of respiratory surveillance and preventive efforts through effective dust control measures. Limited prevalence studies from countries other than the United States limits our understanding of the current disease burden in other coal-producing countries.
Polypharmacy prevalence in older adults seen in United States physician offices from 2009 to 2016
Authors: Young Eric H. , Pan Samantha , Yap Alex G. , Reveles Kelly R. , Bhakta Kajal
Published: August 2021

Background/objectives

With an aging population suffering from increased prevalence of chronic conditions in the United States (U.S.), a large portion of these patients are on multiple medications. High-risk medications can increase the risk for drug-drug interactions and medication nonadherence. This study aims to describe the prevalence of polypharmacy and high-risk medication prescribing in U.S. physician offices.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey from 2009 to 2016. All patients over 65 years old were included. Polypharmacy was categorized as no polypharmacy (< 2 medications), minor polypharmacy (2–3 medications), moderate polypharmacy (4–5 medications), and major polypharmacy (>5 medications). Medications were further categorized into high-risk medication categories (anticholinergics, cardiovascular agents, central nervous system (CNS) medications, pain medications, and other). Comparisons between the degrees of polypharmacy were performed utilizing chi-square or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests with JMP Pro 14®(SAS Institute, Cary, NC).

Results

Over 2 billion patient visits were included. Overall, Polypharmacy was common (65.1%): minor polypharmacy (16.2%), moderate polypharmacy (12.1%), and major polypharmacy (36.8%). Patients with major polypharmacy were older compared to those with moderate or minor polypharmacy (75 vs. 73 years, respectively) and were most frequently prescribed pain medications (477.3 per 1,000 total visits). NSAIDs were the most frequently prescribed, with 232.4 per 1,000 total visits resulting in one high-risk NSAID prescription, while 21.9 per 1,000 total visits resulted in two or more high-risk NSAIDs.

Conclusion

Most patients over 65 years experienced some degree of polypharmacy, with many experiencing major polypharmacy. This indicates an increased need for expanded pharmacist roles through medication therapy management and safety monitoring in this patient population.
Reduction in hospitalised COPD exacerbations during COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alqahtani Jaber S. , Oyelade Tope , Aldhahir Abdulelah M. , Mendes Renata Gonçalves , Alghamdi Saeed M. , Miravitlles Marc , Mandal Swapna , Hurst John R.
Published: August 2021

Background

Reports have suggested a reduction in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, particularly hospital admissions for severe exacerbations. However, the magnitude of this reduction varies between studies.

Method

Electronic databases were searched from January 2020 to May 2021. Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts and, when necessary, full text to determine if studies met inclusion criteria. A modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess study quality. A narrative summary of eligible studies was synthesised, and meta-analysis was conducted using a random effect model to pool the rate ratio and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for hospital admissions. Exacerbation reduction was compared against the COVID-19 Containment and Health Index.

Results

A total of 13 of 745 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review, with data from nine countries. Nine studies could be included in the meta-analysis. The pooled rate ratio of hospital admissions for COPD exacerbations during the pandemic period was 0.50 (95% CI 0.44–0.57). Findings on the rate of community-treated exacerbations were inconclusive. Three studies reported a significant decrease in the incidence of respiratory viral infections compared with the pre-pandemic period. There was not a significant relationship between exacerbation reduction and the COVID-19 Containment and Health Index (rho = 0.20, p = 0.53).

Conclusion

There was a 50% reduction in admissions for COPD exacerbations during the COVID-19 pandemic period compared to pre-pandemic times, likely associated with a reduction in respiratory viral infections that trigger exacerbations. Future guidelines should consider including recommendations on respiratory virus infection control measures to reduce the burden of COPD exacerbations beyond the pandemic period.
Mortality risk prediction in high-risk patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: Are traditional risk scores accurate?
Authors: Goncharov Maxim , Mejia Omar Asdrúbal Vilca , Perez de Souza Arthur Camila , Orlandi Bianca Maria Maglia , Sousa Alexandre , Praça Oliveira Marco Antônio , Atik Fernando Antibas , Coelho Segalote Rodrigo , Gradim Tiveron Marcos , Melo de Barros e Silva Pedro Gabriel , Arruda Nakazone Marcelo , Ferreira Lisboa Luiz Augusto , Oliveira Dallan Luís Alberto , Zheng Zhe , Hu Shengshou , Biscegli Jatene Fabio
Published: August 2021

Background

The performance of traditional scores is significantly limited to predict mortality in high-risk cardiac surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of STS, ESII and HiriSCORE models in predicting mortality in high-risk patients undergoing CABG.

Methods

Cross-sectional analysis in the international prospective database of high-risk patients: HiriSCORE project. We evaluated 248 patients with STS or ESII (5–10%) undergoing CABG in 8 hospitals in Brazil and China. The main outcome was mortality, defined as all deaths occurred during the hospitalization in which the operation was performed, even after 30 days. Five variables were selected as predictors of mortality in this cohort of patients. The model’s performance was evaluated through the calibration-in-the-large and the receiver operating curve (ROC) tests.

Results

The mean age was 69.90±9.45, with 52.02% being female, 25% of the patients were on New York Heart Association (NYHA) class IV and 49.6% had Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) class 4 angina, and 85.5% had urgency or emergency status. The mortality observed in the sample was 13.31%. The HiriSCORE model showed better calibration (15.0%) compared to ESII (6.6%) and the STS model (2.0%). In the ROC curve, the HiriSCORE model showed better accuracy (ROC = 0.74) than the traditional models STS (ROC = 0.67) and ESII (ROC = 0.50).

Conclusion

Traditional models were inadequate to predict mortality of high-risk patients undergoing CABG. However, the HiriSCORE model was simple and accurate to predict mortality in high-risk patients.
Staging Fairyland: Folklore, Children’s Entertainment, and Nineteenth-Century Pantomime, Jennifer Schacker (2018)
Authors: Davidson Hilary
Published: August 2021

Review of: Staging Fairyland: Folklore, Children’s Entertainment, and Nineteenth-Century Pantomime, Jennifer Schacker (2018)

Detroit: Wayne State University, 284 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-81434-590-0, p/bk, $29.99
ARE PHYSICIANS HEALTHY WHEN THEY ARE AGED AND RETIRED? A SURVEY OF THE ANKARA CHAMBER OF MEDICINE AND THE TURKISH GERIATRICS SOCIETY
Authors: ASLAN D. , GOKCE-KUTSAL Y. , KANUNCU S.
Published: August 2021

In literature, there is a lack of knowledge about clinical and lifestyle characteristics of retiredphysicians. Aim of the study is to describe the health profile of older physicians registered to the AnkaraChamber of Medicine (Ankara, Turkey). Two hundred and seventy four registered physicians agreed toparticipate to a survery. Most of them (76.6%) were men. Mean age was 74.9 (standard deviation 6.3) years.More than 85% of the participants presented at least one chronic disease. High scores were reported for the role-physical component of the SF-36, differently from the general health section of it scoring low. The results of thepresent survey pose the basis for collaborative efforts from the Ankara Chamber of Medicine and the TurkishGeriatrics Society collaboratively to improve the design and development of services for local older physicians.
Potential Joint Effect of the SNP rs3749474T and SNPrs4864548AAlleles of the CLOCK Gene on Nutritional Status and Chronotype in Young University Students
Authors: Pino-astorga Carolina , Roco-Videla Angel gerardo , Valladares Vega Macarena
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Comparar el estado nutricional, cronotipo y conducta alimentaria que presenta un sujeto que posee simultáneamente los polimorfismos rs3749474T y rs4864548A con res-pecto a grupos de sujetos que poseen solo uno de dichos polimorfismos. Métodos: La presencia de los polimorfismos se determinó mediante PCR. Se determinó IMC, riesgo cardiovascular y porcentaje de grasa según lo descrito por Durnin y Womersley y la ecuación de Siri. Se aplicó el cuestionario TFEQ-P19 adaptado a población chilena y el cuestionario Horne-Ostberg. Resultados: El sujeto con ambos polimorfismos presentó obesidad, riesgo cardiovascular y cronotipo trasnochador. Sus puntajes en las dimensiones de alimentación sin control y alimentación emocional fueron bajos. Su puntaje en cuanto a la restricción cognitiva fue el más alto. Conclusiones: La presencia del haplotipo TA (rs3749474T; rs4864548A) aumentaría la posibilidad de tener un cronotipo de tipo de tipo trasnochador, riesgo de obesidad y riesgo cardiovascular asociado a los centímetros de cintura.
Fatigue and Functional Independence in People with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Jaramillo Buitrago Juliana , Pérez Parra Julio Ernesto
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Establecer la relación entre la fatiga y el nivel de independencia funcional en actividades de la vida diaria en personas con esclerosis múltiple. Material y método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo trasversal con alcance correlacional. Participaron 107 personas con esclerosis múltiple, mayores de 18 años, con puntuaciones entre 0 y 8 en la Escala Ampliada del Estado de Discapacidad de Kurtzke. Se evaluó la fatiga con la Escala de Gravedad de la Fatiga, las actividades básicas cotidianas con el Índice de Barthel y las instrumentales con la Escala de Lawton y Brody. Se correlacionaron estas variables y se realizaron pruebas de homogeneidad entre la severidad de la fatiga y variables sociodemográficas y clínicas. Resultados: Se encontró una relación significativa inversamente proporcional entre el grado de severidad de la fatiga y las variables de dependencia para las actividades básicas e instrumentales de la vida diaria (p<0,001). No se evidenció relación significativa entre la severidad de la fatiga con la edad, el sexo y el tiempo de evolución de la esclerosis múltiple (p>0,05). Se encontraron diferencias significativas en el nivel de fatiga respecto al uso de ayudas externas, hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, compromiso motor, trastornos de la sensibilidad, alteraciones del control de esfínteres, deterioro cognitivo y depresión. Conclusiones: Se encontró que la fatiga fue el síntoma más predominante (>75 %). Las personas que informan altos niveles de fatiga mostraron menor independencia para las actividades de la vida diaria.
STUDY OF LARUNGAN TRADITION IN BENDAR VILLAGE, JUWANA DISTRICT, PATI DISTRICT, CENTRAL JAVA
Authors: Jannah Eka Nur , Hariadi Sunarru Samsi , Subejo Subejo
Published: August 2021

This research was arranged to analyze the Larungan traditional ceremony conducted by the community in Bendar Village, Juwana District, Pati Regency. The research method uses descriptive analytic method. Larungan is a traditional ceremony performed by fishermen as a form of gratitude to God Almighty. The Larungan traditional ceremony is held every year on Shawwal on the seventh day, but if on the seventh day coincides with the Sunday Wage, the implementation is carried out on the day before or after the Sunday Wage, because on Sunday the Wage had an accident during the Larungan traditional ceremony. So, the Larungan traditional ceremony is a tradition carried out by the coastal community in Bendar Village, Juwana District, Pati Regency, the majority of whom work as fishermen as a form of gratitude to God Almighty for the fortune that has been given in the form of abundance fish catched from the sea.
MAPPING THE CONSUMERS COFFEE POWDER MANGSI COFFEE BASED ON SEGMENTING, TARGETING, AND POSITIONING IN DENPASAR CITY
Authors: Pratama I Putu Agi , Dewi Ratna Komala , Artini Ni Putu
Published: August 2021

Not all customers can be served by the company. Each company needs to identify marketsegments that can be served effectively by differentiating the main market segments, aiming at one ortwo segments and developing products so that there are always new breakthroughs. A company in orderto excel in competition must be able to recognize its market segment, target and product position againstits competitors. This research aims to determine the segmenting, targeting, and positioning of MangsiCoffee powder. The sampling technique used is the nonprobability sampling method that is accidentialsampling. Segmenting and targeting is done by using crosstab analysis, while positioning uses multidimensional scaling analysis and correspondence analysis. Mangsi Coffee powder market segmentationbased on the characteristics of consumers are men who are adults, graduated from tertiary education (last education), work as employees with monthly expenditure above the Denpasar City UMK in 2019(Rp. 2,553,000.00). Mangsi Coffee consumers based on psychographic segmentation tend to choosequality products and make coffee consumption habits a trend and lifestyle while Mangsi Coffeeconsumers based on segmentation of consumer behavior tend to choose products according to theirbenefits. Positioning using multi-dimensional scaling analysis (MDS) shows that, Mangsi Coffeepowder is not in one quadrant with all three competing products. The map shows that all four productsare in different quadrants. CA analysis (correspondence analysis), shows the superiority of MangsiCoffee powder products when compared with competitors' products is an attribute in terms ofpackaging. The importance of companies to pay attention to segmenting, targeting, and positioning tobe able to focus on achieving company goals and survive in fierce market competition. The strategy toincrease sales is carried out by adjusting the results of studies in research and the conditions of theMangsi Coffee company so that it can take policies that are in accordance with company goals.
SUPPLY CHAIN AND VALUE-ADDED ANALYSIS OF LAHAT COFFEE ON COFFEE SHOP IN PALEMBANG CITY
Authors: Afriyani Afriyani , Yazid Muhammad , Aryani Desi
Published: August 2021

Lahat is one of the Robusta coffee production centers in South Sumatra. The coffee beansproduced by this district are often used as raw material in the coffee shop in Palembang because of thedistinctive taste and aroma that coffee lovers love. Coffee shops opens new opportunities for Robustacoffee farming. This study aims to analyze the flow of the supply chain and the added value of Lahatcoffee beans used by coffee shop. This research was conducted through a survey of four coffee shops inPalembang. The results showed that there are two supply chain lines, (1) coffee farmers - collectors -retailers - market traders - consumers; (2) coffee farmers - processors - coffee shops - consumers. Thesecond pattern is better and more profitable than the first pattern because the quality of the coffeeproduced is higher. The average added value obtained from processing one kilogram of coffee cherriesinto ground coffee is Rp. 158,132.94, coffee bean into green bean is Rp. 427,798.55, and green beaninto a cup of coffee is Rp. 1,029,269.00. This value indicates that processing the coffee cherries intopowder and processing the selected coffee cherries in coffee shop are profitable.
THE RELATION ANALYSIS OF MARKETING MIX AND CUSTOMER PURCHASE OF COFFEE IN MALABAR MOUNTAIN CAFÉ IN BOGOR CITY
Authors: Ateta Ernalsalia , Susrusa Ketut Budi , Arisena Gede Mekse Korri
Published: August 2021

The aims of this research are finding out the correlation between product and consumer purchasing decisions, price and consumer purchasing decisions, promotion and consumer purchasing decisions, place and consumer purchasing decisions. This research has already done form May until July 2020. The samples were 50 respondents taken by nonprobability sampling technique. Data were collected by questionnaires. Data analysis were descriptive analysis technique and Spearman’s Correlation analysis using SPSS 23 software. The results of this research shows the product is strongly related with the correlation coeffecient value positive, which means it has a directional correlation and product has a significant correlation with the consumer purchasing decision at Malabar Mountain Cafe in Bogor. The price is strongly related with the correlation coeffecient value positive, which means it has a directional correlation and price has a significant correlation with the consumer purchasing decision at Malabar Mountain Cafe in Bogor. The promotion is strong enough related with the correlation coeffecient value positive, which means it has a directional correlation and promotion has a significant correlation with the consumer purchasing decision at Malabar Mountain Cafe in Bogor.  The place is very weakly related with the correlation coeffecient value negative, which means it has undirectional correlation and the place has not a significant correlation with the consumer purchasing decision at Malabar Mountain Cafe in Bogor.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT DETEKSI GANGGUAN HARMONISA SECARA REAL TIME BERBASIS JARINGAN SYARAF TIRUAN
Authors: Rofii Faqih , Siswanto Diky , Priyandoko Gigih , Setiawati Santa
Published: August 2021

Penggunaan perangkat elektronik di rumah tangga semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya. Peningkatan tersebut berupa peningkatan beban non linier yang merupakan sumber arus harmonisa sehingga menimbulkan masalah yang serius terhadap kualitas dan keamanan sistem tenaga listrik. Saat ini banyak peralatan elektronik yang menggunakan material semikonduktor, seperti televisi LED, laptop, charger, dan lain-lain. Rangkaian semikonduktor pada peralatan listrik dapat menghasilkan arus dan tegangan yang memiliki perbedaan frekuensi dengan frekuensi fundamental. Fenomena ini dikenal sebagai gangguan harmonik. Efek gangguan harmonik dapat membuat beban menjadi terlalu panas dan dapat mengurangi masa pakai peralatan. Sehingga pemantauan gangguan harmonisa perlu terus dikembangkan. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan perancangan sistem pemantauan gangguan harmonik berbasis Arduino. Sistem ini menggunakan sensor arus dan sensor tegangan yang akan digunakan untuk mengambil data arus dan tegangan pada beban. Kemudian data diubah dalam domain frekuensi menggunakan metode Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Besaran hasil FFT digunakan sebagai dasar untuk menghitung nilai gangguan harmonisa menggunakan metode Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan (JST). Berdasarkan hasil percobaan, semakin banyak lapisan, jumlah neuron per lapisan, dan jumlah epoch metode JST, semakin baik akurasi yang diperoleh.
Światło z Bezkresu – pochodzenie pleromy według dzieła Ocarot Chaim („Skarbce życia”) rabina Chaima Vitala – wstęp, tłumaczenie, komentarz
Authors: Sikora Tomasz
Published: August 2021

The presented text contains an introduction, translation and commentary on the stages of the manifestation of the deity and the pleromatic emanation presented in the Ocarot chajim (Treasures of Life) treatise by rabbi Chajim Vital, a disciple of Isaac Luria. This work is the most systematic display of Lurianic metaphysics. In the introduction, the author situates the position of the treaty in the broader context of Lurianic literature. Then he discusses the diff erences and similarities between the ancient Hebrew concept of prophetic spirit transmission, and the Gnostic, Platonic and Neoplatonic understanding of the process of emanation. The translated source text and commentary analyze the act of self-contraction of infi nity and the emergence of a plerome as given in the form of a dialectical game of linear and circular sefi rots until the final emergence of megaanthropos – Adam Qadmon.
Żydowska metoda hermeneutyczna na podstawie egzegezy Pieśni nad Pieśniami Abrahama Ibn Ezra i brata Luisa de León
Authors: Clea Moreno-Szypowska Jadwiga
Published: August 2021

The aim of these article is to present the more important rules of Jewish exegesis developed mainly by Hillel on the example of a commentary on the Song of the Songsof Abraham Ibn Ezra and Luis de León. The text tries to show how traditional Jewishhermeneutics is used in the innovative commentaries of a scholar from Tudela from the XIth century and a theologian from Belmonte from the XVIth century and how the first infl uenced the second. Interpretative methods developed in the most important centers of Judaic thought of the beginning of our era have been used for centuries to explain biblical texts, especially such as Song of Songs, which is recognized by both Old Testament and New Testament commentators as one of the most diffi cult and most mystical Scriptures.
The Impact of the Lockdown on the Greek Economy and the Role of the Recovery Fund
Authors: Economides George , Philippopoulos Apostolis , Vassilatos Vanghelis
Published: August 2021

We develop a microfounded macroeconomic model that embeds the key features of the Greek economy. After calibrating the model to Greek data over 1995–2019, we assume that the economy is initially in the year 2019 and then quantify the adverse economic impact of the lockdown measures taken to control the spread of the pandemic, as well as the implications of the various policy measures (at national and EU level) taken to cushion the impact of the economic hit. We give quantitative answers to questions like: What will be the size and duration of the economic downturn? What are the implications of the national fiscal stimulus? What will be the role of the fiscal transfers coming from the European Recovery Fund? Our results imply that the national fiscal stimulus package adopted so far is helpful but, for the Greek economy to enter an era of sustainable growth, a mix of policies is also needed that combines: (i) a growth-enhancing fiscal mix (ii) product market deregulation (iii) a socially productive use of the resources coming from the Recovery Fund.
Structure related corrosion behavior of DLC films in high Cl− environment
Authors: Zhang Yukun , Gao Pen , Chen Dongxu , Zhou YanWen
Published: August 2021

The diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were successfully fabricated on the surface of 13Cr super martensitic stainless steel by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition, and the microstructure changed with the variation of pulse voltages of the high pulse power supply. The microstructure of the DLC films was characterized by atomic force microscope, and the corrosion behavior of the films in a high Cl− environment was analyzed by open circuit potential, polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It is found that the substrate corrosion occurred first for the DLC films with open pores, followed by a substrate surface passivation before the final corrosion failure. The DLC film with closed pores can effectively prevent Cl− from attacking the substrate before the corrosion pits formed at the local defects.
Effects of different doses of melatonin on rat adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Çil Nazlı , Yaka Mutlu , Neşet Nazire Gül , Seçme Mücahit , Mete Gülçin Abban
Published: August 2021

Objectives

Stem cell treatment is based on Melatonin which is crucial for lots of pathological and physiological pathways. Our aim is determining the most appropriate dose of melatonin affecting the rat adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells.

Methods

Stem cells were isolated from male rat adipose tissue. Differentiation and characterization experiments were performed. Cell viability analyses in stem cells were used the XTT [2,3-Bis-(2-methoxy-4-Nitro-5-Sulfophenyl)-2H-Tetrazolium-5-Carboxanilide] assay. After 24 h incubation, different concentrations (0.5, 1, 5, 10, 50 µM) of extract were treated to the stem cells for 24 h, 48 and 72 h considering time and dose dependent manner. Total antioxidant status (TAS) and the total oxidant status (TOS) in control cells and melatonin treated cells (5, 10 µM) were determined Rel Assay commercial kits.

Results

In 24 h, melatonin increased cell viability in all groups. When we evaluate the effect of melatonin in 48 h, the most proliferation increase was seen at 5, 10 µM doses. When the total oxidant activity melatonin was found to be significantly lower in 5 and 10 µM dose groups of melatonin.

Conclusions

Melatonin increases the survivor of stem cells and the most effective dose is 5 and 10 µM. The reduction of the oxidative stress index as a result of treating melatonin to mesenchymal stem cells showed that melatonin is a powerful antioxidant for stem cells.
Tobacco use and clinical leukoplakia lesions among south Indian tribes
Authors: Shajahan Amina , Mathew Abel Chundankuzhiyil , Gangadharan Vadavattath Padmanabhan , Chandrasekhar Dilip
Published: August 2021

Objectives

Leukoplakia is a white mucosal thickening and perhaps undermining change in the oral mucosa transcendently found in tobacco users. Since the tobacco utilization is extensively higher with the indigenous groups in the Asia Pacific locale, the current examination implicated the prevalence of tobacco consumption and leukoplakial lesions and the relationship between the two.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted through six tribal hamlets of Chithalayath Forest range at Wayanad district of Kerala, South India. Leukoplakia screening was led by a senior consultant on the basis of a visual investigation and pathological evaluation was not done. An organized questionnaire was utilized to gather data on demographic details and tobacco usage status and frequency. The prevalence of clinical oral lesions among tobacco users and non users was determined using statistical analysis.

Results

Clinical oral leukoplakia was diagnosed in 27 (8.5%) subjects among the 317 individuals screened. The prevalence of lesions was considerably higher among tobacco consumers in comparison with non users (11 vs. 3.7%). Also, the tobacco chewers group had a higher percentage of leukoplakia. Another significant finding of this study is that the incidence of provisional leukoplakia was observed to be comparatively high among the most frequent tobacco consumers 15 (65.2%) in comparison with 8 (34.8%) in the frequent and nonfrequent users.

Conclusions

Prevalence of abusive habits and clinical oral leukoplakial was substantial among the tribes. The cause and effect relationship and dose-response were also shown to have a significant association.
Locally finite groups and configurations
Authors: Meisami Mahdi , Rejali Ali , Soleimani Malekan Meisam , Yousofzadeh Akram
Published: August 2021

Let 𝐺 be a discrete group.
In 2001, Rosenblatt and Willis proved that 𝐺 is amenable if and only if every possible system of configuration equations admits a normalized solution.
In this paper, we show independently that 𝐺 is locally finite if and only if every possible system of configuration equations admits a strictly positive solution.
Also, we give a procedure to get equidecomposable subsets 𝐴 and 𝐵 of an infinite finitely generated or a locally finite group 𝐺 such that

A
⊊
B

A\subsetneq B

, directly from a system of configuration equations not having a strictly positive solution.
Creating equitable access and opportunity: predictors of success for college freshmen who participate in a Living Learning Community
Authors: Dohy Jennifer , Petty Nicholas , Banks Tachelle
Published: August 2021

This study examines the relationship between student success measures on student achievement to inform our approach to mediating against potential barriers on persistence and retention for first generation and traditionally marginalized populations for students enrolled in a new Living Learning Community. Success measures examine those beyond the control of the university, including, but not limited to, High School GPA and ACT scores to determine where we should intervene and where we should build upon the strengths of our students. The theme of the PH LLC is Leadership Development and Career Exploration, a program that seeks to empower students by harnessing their individual strengths and capitalizing on them to be successful in college and beyond. The design of this program and its future prospects are also discussed.
Repeated porphyrin lipoprotein-based photodynamic therapy controls distant disease in mouse mesothelioma via the abscopal effect
Authors: Lou Jenny , Aragaki Masato , Bernards Nicholas , Kinoshita Tomonari , Mo Jessica , Motooka Yamoto , Ishiwata Tsukasa , Gregor Alexander , Chee Tess , Chen Zhenchian , Chen Juan , Kaga Kichizo , Wakasa Satoru , Zheng Gang , Yasufuku Kazuhiro
Published: August 2021

While photodynamic therapy (PDT) can induce acute inflammation in the irradiated tumor site, a sustained systemic, adaptive immune response is desirable, as it may control the growth of nonirradiated distant disease. Previously, we developed porphyrin lipoprotein (PLP), a ∼20 nm nanoparticle photosensitizer, and observed that it not only efficiently eradicated irradiated primary VX2 buccal carcinomas in rabbits, but also induced regression of nonirradiated metastases in a draining lymph node. We hypothesized that PLP-mediated PDT can induce an abscopal effect and we sought to investigate the immune mechanism underlying such a response in a highly aggressive, dual subcutaneous AE17-OVA+ mesothelioma model in C57BL/6 mice. Four cycles of PLP-mediated PDT was sufficient to delay the growth of a distal, nonirradiated tumor four-fold relative to controls. Serum cytokine analysis revealed high interleukin-6 levels, showing a 30-fold increase relative to phosphate-buffered solution (PBS) treated mice. Flow cytometry revealed an increase in CD4+ T cells and effector memory CD8+ T cells in non-irradiated tumors. Notably, PDT in combination with PD-1 antibody therapy prolonged survival compared to monotherapy and PBS. PLP-mediated PDT shows promise in generating a systemic immune response that can complement other treatments, improving prognoses for patients with metastatic cancers.
Comparative assessment of fluorine, sodium, and lithium distributions in snow cover in Siberia
Authors: Ianchenko Natalia I. , Talovskaya Anna V. , Zanin Alexey A.
Published: August 2021

Based on field studies of the snow cover and systematization and analysis of scientific data and technical literature data, the distributions of fluorine, sodium, and lithium, as elements included in the raw materials used for aluminum production, in the snow cover in areas proximal to Siberian aluminum smelters were considered. The results showed that the changes in concentrations of fluorine, sodium, and lithium in the snow cover near various plants have the same dispersion pattern, which can be described by an exponential relationship. Exponential relationships of diminishing concentration with distance from the emission source had high correlation coefficients. From the examples established by these relationships, an assumption was made that the behavior of these aerosols in the atmosphere is determined by the general physical and chemical properties, irrespective of the technologies and natural climatic regions of the plant locations. It is suggested that deposition of aerosols from industrial aluminium production can be achieved at a minimum distance from the plants or within the plant area through particle enlargement by various technological methods in aluminium production or by changing the atmospheric scattering capacity.
Antimycobacterial cycloartane derivatives from the roots of Trichilia welwistchii C. DC (Meliaceae)
Authors: Tsamo Armelle Tontsa , Fodja Saah Edwige P. , Langat Moses K. , Mkounga Pierre , Kamdem Waffo Alain François , Nkengfack Augustin Ephrem
Published: August 2021

Chemical investigation of the roots of Trichilia welwitschii yielded a cycloartane type terpenoid 28,29-bis-norcycloart-24-en-3β,4α,6α-triol (1), isolated as pure compound for the first time, three coumarins and three sterols. New cycloartane derivatives (1a) and (1b+1c) were obtained by hemi-synthetic reaction of compound 1. The structures of 1a–c were established by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D-NMR analysis, HR-EIMS, chemical transformations and by comparison of these data with those of related compounds. Evaluated for their antimycobacterial potential, compound 1 and 1b+1c were determined to show significant activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis MIC values of 6.25 μg mL−1 while compound 1a displayed weak activity showing MIC > 100 μg mL−1. Compounds 2–4 displayed moderate activity with MIC values range from 12.5 to 50 μg mL−1.
Empire and stable isotopes: assessing the impact of Inka expansion on local diet in the southern Puna, Argentina
Authors: Killian Galván Violeta A. , Grant Jennifer L. , Morales y Puente Pedro , Cienfuegos Alvarado Edith , Otero Francisco J. , Pérez Martina I. , Olivera Daniel E.
Published: August 2021

Dietary studies can offer insight into the effects of imperial rule on colonised populations. Inka expansion was associated with change in agricultural production and diet, including greater emphasis on maize. This article presents stable isotope analyses of ten individuals from two locations in Antofagasta de la Sierra, Argentina. AMS dating assigns one site to the start of the Inka period and one to the end. Despite diachronic changes in material culture, isotope analyses indicate that maize remained relatively unimportant in local diet. Given the symbolic value of maize in the Inka world, this lack of dietary change suggests limited imperial influence over local agricultural production and diet.
The Effect of First-Hand and Second-Hand Knowledge on Perceived Group Homogeneity and Certainty About Stereotype-Based Inferences
Authors: Vrantsidis Thalia H. , Cunningham William A.
Published: August 2021

Stereotypes are often used to make inferences about others, yet can lead to problematic consequences, which get exacerbated when people are more confident in these inferences. The current research examines whether biases in people's first-hand and second-hand information about groups make groups appear overly homogeneous, leading to more confident inferences about group members. Supporting this, across two studies, groups appeared more homogeneous when people lacked first-hand information from personal experience with a group, as well as when stereotypes were based on second-hand information from the media or other people. However, only second-hand information increased confidence about group members, as lacking first-hand information reduced confidence about what groups and group members were like. Biases in homogeneity also had greater impact for typical rather than atypical group members. Thus, people may be especially confident in stereotype-based inferences when stereotypes are based on second-hand information and when group members appear typical of their group.
Diabetes control is associated with environmental quality in the USA
Authors: Jagai Jyotsna S , Krajewski Alison K , Price Kyla N , Lobdell Danelle T , Sargis Robert M
Published: August 2021

Environmental parameters, including built and sociodemographic environments, can impact diabetes control (DC). Epidemiological studies have associated specific environmental factors with DC; however, the impact of multidimensional environmental status has not been assessed. The Environmental Quality Index (EQI), a comprehensive quantitative metric capturing five environmental domains, was considered as an exposure. Age-adjusted rates of DC prevalence for each county in the United States were used as an outcome. DC was defined as the proportion of adults aged 20+ years with a previous diabetes diagnosis who currently do not have high fasting blood glucose (≥126 mg/dL) or elevated HbA1c (≥6.5). We conducted county-level analyses of DC prevalence rates for the years 2004–2012 in association with EQI for 2006–2010 and domain-specific indices using random intercept multilevel linear regression models clustered by state and controlled for county-level rates of obesity and physical inactivity. Analyses were stratified by rural–urban strata, and results are reported as prevalence rate differences (PRD) with 95% CIs comparing highest quintile/worst environmental quality to lowest quintile/best environmental quality. The association of DC with cumulative environmental quality was negative after control for all counties (PRD −0.32, 95% CI: −0.38, −0.27); suggesting that rates of DC worsen as environmental quality declines. While overall environmental quality exerts effects on DC that vary across the rural–urban spectrum, poor sociodemographic, and built environmental factors are associated with decreased DC nationally. These data suggest improvements in environmental quality mediated by larger-scale policy and practice interventions may improve glycemic control and reduce the morbidity and mortality arising from hyperglycemia.
ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ РОЛІ ДЕРЖАВИ В УМОВАХ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: ПЛОТНІКОВ Олексій
Published: August 2021

У світі активно відбуваються процеси переосмислення ролі держави. Традиційно можна навести приклад США, де підтримуються ринкової системи, але втручання держави є відчутним регулятивним чинником. У розвинутих країнах Західної Європи держава відіграє головну роль у розподілі прибутків через програми соціального фінансування. Інтерес становить і досвід Японії та інших азійських країн, де економічна система фактично управляється державою. У сучасних умовах важливого значення набувають методи державного регулювання. Це визначається як середовищем розвинутої ринкової економіки, так і процесами, що відбуваються в перехідній економіці. Методи державного впливу на економіку можуть бути поділені на адміністративні та економічні.Роль держави в умовах України повинна бути адекватною сучасному світовому досвіду – від уніфікації економічних механізмів до підвищення соціальності держави. Оптимізація її ролі повинна відповідати національним інтересам України. Отже, держава може і повинна відігравати більш відчутну роль у соціально-економічній сфері, стимулюючи в першу чергу розвиток національної економіки. Україна не спроможна ані економічно, ані політично в стислий період часу перейти до моделі з вагомою роллю держави за прикладом скандинавських країн, тому йдеться про орієнтири поступового посилення її ролі. Таким орієнтиром для оптимізації ролі держави в соціальній сфері сучасної України є положення Конституції України щодо соціальності типу країни. Як говорить досвід розвинутих країн, не може бути ефективної соціально орієнтованої ринкової економіки без активної регулюючої ролі держави.