bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radiomic signature: A novel magnetic resonance imaging-based prognostic biomarker in patients with brainstem cavernous malformation
Authors: Huo Xulei , Yao Bo-Han , Guo Jia , Wang Hongwei , Wang Ke , Wang Liang , Wu Zhen , Li Da
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE: Based on anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences, we developed a radiomic signature for brainstem cavernous malformation patients (BSCMs) using radiomic analysis and explore its effectiveness as a prognostic biomarker.
METHODS:One hundred and fourteen BSCMs with clinical, and radiomic information were collected and randomly divided into training (n = 68) and validation set (n = 46). Clinical and radiomic nomogram were constructed for the prognosis. Radiomic features were screened with three algorithms (univariate analysis, Pearson analysis, and elastic net algorithm). Cox regression model was used to build the radiomics nomogram. Finally, concordance index (C-index), time-independent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and Decision curve analysis (DCA) were utilized to evaluate the clinical application of the radiomics nomogram.
RESULTS: The radiomic signature score was calculated with 11 hemorrhage-free survival (HFS) related radiomic features from the training cohort. The patients were divided into high-risk group and low-risk group with the help of radiomic signature and the low-risk group has a better HFS than the high-risk group. In addition, three clinical characteristics including the number of hemorrhages, size, mRS, and radiomics score (Rad-score) were used to develop the radiomics nomogram. The calibration plots showed that the nomogram has good agreement between the predicted and actual survival probabilities. And, the C-index was 0.784 and 0.787 in the training cohort and validation cohort in predicting HFS; the area under curve (AUC) was 72.51 and 76.41 in the training cohort and validation cohort in 3-year survival and 67.62 and 72.57 in 5-year survival. Lastly, the DCA curve showed that the radiomics nomogram has a better clinical application than the clinical model.
CONCLUSIONS: Radiomics nomogram integrating radiomics signature and clinical information showed great performance and high sensitiveness in prediction HFS in BSCMs than the clinical model.
Study of Blood Eosinophils and Plasma Periostin as Biomarkers for Response of COPD Patients to ICS/LABA Treatment
Authors: Abdulsattar Sara Abdulbadie , Hantera Mohamed Sayed , Hodeb Hossam Abdel Mohsen , kholy Amira Abdelgalil El , Kholy Gamal Amer El
Published: October 2024

Background: Eosinophilic airway inflammation has been detected in up to 40% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients during stable periods of the disease and increased sputum eosinophil count was associated with better lung function, more future exacerbations, and symptoms that responded better to treatment with inhaled and oral corticosteroids.
The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship of blood eosinophils and plasma Periostin with lung function changes related to ICS and long-acting beta2- agonist combination treatment in stable COPD patients for three months.
Methods: This prospective experimental study was carried out on 50 COPD patients with post bronchodilator FEV1/ FVC ratio <70%. Patient collected from outpatient clinics of Chest Department Tanta University Hospitals, Tanta Chest Hospital and Mansoura Chest Hospital from February 2020 to February 2022.Patients subjected to complete history taking, clinical examinations including general and local examinations and laboratory investigations [complete blood count to assess eosinophilic count, arterial blood gases and plasma periostin] and spirometry were done for all patients pre and post treatment. All patients received three months of treatment with a fixed dose of combined inhalers of ICS and LABA and then they were classified into FEV1 responder and FEV1 non-responder according to improvement in FEV1 at least 12% and 200ml from base line of three months of combined treatment with ICS/LABA.
Results: Blood eosinophil count had a significant positive correlation with smoking index (pack/year), negative correlations with FEV1% of predicted, FEV1 actual value (L), FEV1/FVC ratio. Plasma periostin concentration had significant positive correlation with blood eosinophil count, COPD grade, FVC actual value (L) and significant negative correlations with FEV1% of predicted, FEV1 actual value (L) and FEV1/FVC. Cut off values of blood eosinophil count >265cell/ µL, plasma Periostin concentration >15.747 ng/ml and FEV1% < 40.5% were associated with post treatment FEV1 response.
Conclusions: COPD patients with poor lung functions regarding FEV1/FVC ratio, FEV1 actual value (L) and FEV1% of predicted as well as high blood eosinophil count and high plasma periostin concentration are predicted to have FEV1 response with fixed dose ICS/LABA combination treatment.
Virtual Post Mortem in fetuses and newborns for the Verification of Congenital Heart Malformations
Authors: Salem Yishay , Keizman Eitan , Jacobson Jeffrey , Goiten Orly , Katorza Eldad , Kassif Eran , Mishali David , Kidron Debora , Serraf Alain E , Konen Eli , Ahiron Reuven , Gindes Liat , Tejman-Yardem Shai , Tejman-Yarden Shai
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives:
Post-mortem examinations of fetuses and newborns with congenital anomalies pose significant challenges, especially in cases of induced termination of pregnancy. To address this, we explored the use of virtual post-mortem examination (VPM) via computed tomography angiography (CTA) as a potential alternative.
Methods
The study was conducted at Sheba Medical Center from January 2013 to June 2019. It focused on 20 cases involving severe congenital heart defects or lung malformations affecting the heart. VPM imaging was performed using CTA with contrast medium injected into the umbilical artery and vein.
Results
Prenatal sonographic diagnoses were fully concordant with VPM findings, confirmed by authorized invasive autopsies in 7 cases. The standardized injection protocol enabled accurate imaging of the systemic and pulmonary vessels, aiding in the identification of vascular anomalies and the cardiac structures. However, visualization of intra-cardiac anatomy was limited, possibly due to valve competence and post mortem intra-ventricular Thrombi.
Conclusions
Compared to MRI, CT scans this method offers higher spatial resolution at a lower cost, making it a feasible complement to standard medical practice. Despite limitations in visualizing cardiac chambers, VPM with umbilical vessel injection proved highly accurate, particularly in assessing the great vessels. Overall, the findings suggest that VPM may offer a less invasive and acceptable alternative for grieving parents, providing valuable insights into complex congenital cardiac anomalies while respecting the sensitivity of post-mortem examinations in such cases.
RETRACTED: In silico investigation of the anti-leishmanial role of algae and corals active substances using molecular dynamic simulation and Molecular docking methods
Authors: Shabandoust Hajar , Balmeh Negar , Fard Najaf Allahyari , Saberi Sedighe , Yegdaneh Afsaneh , Mousavi Seyed Mahmoud , Alimardan Zahra , Najafabadi Zahra Ghayour , Hejazi Seyed Hossein
Published: October 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The Career Development of Food Delivery Riders in China: A Qualitative Investigation
Authors: Wan Wei , Liu Weihua , Hu Huiling
Published: October 2024

Background: With the rise of the gig economy, platform work has has grown significantly throughout the world. As one of the most dynamic platform workers in China, food delivery riders are an underrepresented group in terms of securing decent work. Building on the Psychology of Working Theory(PWT), the current study aimed to explore how contextual and individual factorsinfluenced the career development of food delivery riders in China. This study also examined their attitudes towards platform work and their career aspirations.
Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 participants aged 18-45 and utilized Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR) approach to conduct data analysis.
Results: The results revealed that economic constraints, inadequate education, and limited social capital were the main vocational barriers for these riders. Their coping resources included social support, critical consciousness, proactive personality, and self-leadership. Although food delivery work allowed them to earn a living, it featured long working hours, poor working conditions, limited benefits, etc. As such, they experienced job dissatisfaction, occupational fatigue, and turnover intentions. Regarding future goals, our participants mentioned finding a more decent job, learning new skills, and starting a business.
Conclusion: Overall, this study marks the first known application of PWT to understand how food delivery riders navigate the new world of work in China. Practical implications and directions for future studies are discussed.
A Microbe-Drug Association Prediction Model Based on Graph Attention Network and Rotating Forest
Authors: Li Jing , Li Juncai , Chen Qijia , Wang Zhong , Liu Xianzhi , Liang Mingmin , Wang Junzhuang , Ding Hongyuan , Zeng Bin , Wang Lei
Published: October 2024

Background
In recent years, drug abuse has led to the increase of microbial resistance, therefore exploring possible connections between drugs and microorganisms becomes more and more important. However, since traditional biological experiments are very expensive and time-consuming, then creating effective computational models to predict possible associations between microbes and drugs turns to be a crucial and challenging work.
Result
In this paper, we proposed a new calculative model GATROF based on graph attention networks and rotating forests to infer potential microbe-drug correlations. In GATROF, we first constructed a heterogeneous microbe-drug network by combining multiple microbe, drug and disease similarity measures. And then, based on different characteristics of microbes and drugs, we further built two original feature matrices of microbe and drug. Subsequently, we inputted the heterogeneous microbe-drug network together with these two original feature matrices into the graph attention network to extract low dimensional feature representations for microbes and drugs separately. Finally, we further inputted these two low dimensional feature representations together with these two original feature matrices of microbes and drugs into a rotating forest classifier to infer latent associations between drugs and microorganisms.
Conclusion
Experimental results and case studies indicated that GATROF can achieve better performance in microbe-drug association prediction than existing advanced methods, which means that GATROF may make a satisfactory contribution to the field of medicine in the future.
Active Beta-Catenin (ABC) promotes an invasive phenotype in pediatric osteosarcoma
Authors: Persad Sujata , Hinton Kristin , Ghafoor Saima , Landry Takaaki , Garcia Elizabeth , Cohen Danielle , Bush Jonathan , Deyell Rebecca , Jay Daniel , Hitt Mary , Paul Paulose , Eisenstat David
Published: October 2024

Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive primary bone malignancy with peak incidence in children and adolescents. Despite current multimodal treatments, there has been little change in overall survival outcomes in the last two decades.
The canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway is known to be a critical pathway in OS progression. To better understand the molecular basis of OS and potentially provide target/s for new therapies or diagnostics, we investigated the relationship between β-catenin, more specifically, the transcriptionally active form of β-catenin, Activated β-Catenin (ABC), and OS progression. We previously reported an association between ABC and aggressive OS whereby, cellular/nuclear ABC levels, but not cellular/nuclear β-catenin levels, increase with the degree of aggressiveness. However, a direct role for ABC in promoting OS progression has not been shown.
In order to directly determine the role/impact of ABC in OS progression, we generated a pEGFP-ABC fusion construct which simulates ABC's phosphorylation pattern. Transfection of pEGFP-ABC, pEGFP-β-catenin, or an empty vector (pEGFP) into OS cell lines showed that wnt pathway transcriptional activity in GFP-ABC-expressing cells was significantly higher than that in both GFP-β-catenin and empty-vector-transfected cells. We also show that the in vitro invasive potential of the pEGFP-ABC-transfected cells was significantly higher compared to both pEGFP-β-catenin and pEGFP-transfected cells. Immunohistochemistry of clinical pediatric OS specimens supported these findings, showing a significant correlation between high ABC levels and invasive disease.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that suggest that ABC drive transcriptional activity to enhance invasiveness in OS and could serve as a biomarker of aggressive or metastatic OS.
Ferguson plot analysis of chaperone ClpB from moderate halophile
Authors: Akuta Teruo , Tomioka Yui , Ura Tomoto , Nakagawa Masataka , Arakawa Tsutomu
Published: October 2024

Ferguson plot is a simple method to determine the molecular weight of native proteins and their complexes. We here tested the validity of Ferguson plot based on agarose native gel electrophoresis using multimeric chaperone protein, ClpB, derived from moderate halophile that forms a native hexamer. Ferguson plot showed a single band with a molecular weight of 1,500 kDa, about twice the size of the native hexamer, which may be consistent with the structure of other chaperons that form a double ring comprising a dimer of two hexamer assembly units, i.e, dodecamer. In fact, dynamic light scattering experiment showed two peaks, which appears to correspond to the hexamer and dodecamer structures.
Knowledge, Practice and Associated Factors to Ward Hypoglycemia Prevention Among Caregivers of Diabetic Children: Cross Sectional Study Design
Authors: Lidete Adisalem , Atsede ‬Gebrekidan , Mebrahtu Kaleayu
Published: October 2024

Background
Hypoglycemia is an acute medical condition that occurs when blood sugar falls below 70 mg/dl. It is a common and potentially life-threatening complication in children with diabetes. Caregivers play a crucial role in managing and caring for their child's diabetes. This study aimed to assess hypoglycemia prevention knowledge, practices, and associated factors among caregivers of diabetic children during follow-up at the Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic in 2024.
Methods
An institutionally based cross-sectional study was carried out between September 2023 and April 2024. A structured questionnaire was used to gather data, and statistical tools for social sciences software, version 25.0, were used for analysis. The dependent and independent variables were tested for relationships via bivariate and multivariate analyses.
Results
Of the 162 enrolled caregivers of diabetic children, 50.6% were mothers, and 81.5% were urban dwellers. In this study, thirty (18.5%) of the caregivers had good knowledge, and sixty-eight (42%) of them had good practices for preventing hypoglycemia. Formal training and education programs were significantly associated with good knowledge (AOR = 17.9, CI: 4.6–70.2). Good hypoglycemia prevention knowledge was significantly associated with hypoglycemia prevention practices (AOR = 0.32; CI: 0.13–0.76).
Conclusion
Knowledge and practices related to hypoglycemia prevention among caregivers of diabetic children were low. Providing formal training and education to caregivers and counseling regarding hypoglycemia during their visit are essential for improving their knowledge and practice in hypoglycemia prevention.
Effect of microwave hydrothermal pretreatment on dissolution of composite components in Acacia wood and subsequent pulping performance
Authors: Ding Weifeng , Ji Xingxiang , Tian Zhongjian , Liu Shan , Zhang Fengshan , Zhou Jingpeng
Published: October 2024

In the field of pulping, the challenge of effectively removing hemicellulose while preserving cellulose has emerged as a critical research issue. To facilitate the extensive development and utilization of Acacia wood as a potential biomass resource, the microwave hydrothermal method was implemented. The results demonstrated that subjecting the material to a 170°C pretreatment for 60 min led to a notable enhancement in hemicellulose dissolution. The total concentration of xylose in the solution reached 15.69 g/L, a value that was considerably higher than that observed in the conventional hydrothermal treatment solution. The regression model constructed using the least squares method is an effective means of predicting the dissolution of composite components under a range of microwave hydrothermal treatment conditions. Furthermore, it was discovered that the pulping process could be optimized by subjecting Acacia wood to lower temperatures (120 ~ 140°C). This resulted in an increase in pulp yield and improvement in paper quality, with an enhancement of 10–20%. In summary, the approach provides new insights into the degradation rule of the composite components in Acacia wood, contributing to the enhancement of subsequent paper-based composite material production, and paving the way for an energy-efficient, sustainable, and environmentally friendly evolution of the pulp and paper industry.
Prevalence and association of sleep duration and different intensities of physical activity with type 2 diabetes: The first evidence from CHARLS
Authors: Zigui Zhou , Xuwen Tian
Published: October 2024

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to examine the prevalence and the independent and joint association between sleep duration and different intensities of physical activity (PA) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).
Methods: We used data spanning all five years to evaluate the changes in T2D prevalence. Data from 2020 were used to examine the independent and joint associations between sleep duration and different intensities of PA with T2D. Sleep duration was classified into three categories: short (< 6 hours/day), normal (6 - 8 hours/day), and long (> 8 hours/day). PA levels were classified based on the IPAQ recommendations as follows: light-intensity PA (LPA, < 600 MET-minutes/week), moderate-intensity PA (MPA, 600- 3000 MET-minutes/week), and vigorous-intensity PA (VPA, > 3000 MET minutes/week).
Results: The prevalence of T2D in the LPA and short sleep groups increased from 13.35 (95% CI = 10.41 - 16.75) and 11.52 (95% CI = 10.01 - 13.15) in 2011 to 17.27 ( 95% CI = 15.09 - 19.62) and 16.28 (95% CI = 15.34 - 17.25) in 2020, respectively (p< 0.01). Compared with LPA, VPA was associated with lower odds of T2D (OR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.68 - 0.95). Compared with normal sleep duration, short (OR = 1.19, 95%CI = 1.08 - 1.21) but not long sleep duration (OR = 1.02, 95%CI = 0.85 - 1.22) was more likely to have T2D. The odds of T2D were approximately 40% lower for individuals with LPA and normal sleep duration compared to those with LPA and short sleep duration (OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.46 - 0.91). In the MVP groups, combined with any sleep duration, the mitigation effect of exercise on T2D was observed (short: OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.56 - 0.95; normal: OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.51 - 0.8; long: OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.45 - 0.895).
Conclusions: The current study highlights the high prevalence of T2D in the LPA and short sleep groups. Short sleep duration, rather than long sleep duration, was identified as a risk factor for T2D. VPA serve as a protective factor in reducing the high prevalence of T2D associated with sleep disorders.
The Use of Machine Learning Algorithms in the Analysis of Sentiments of E- Commerce Customer Reviews and Recommendations Feedback
Authors: Alrusaini Othman , Beyari Hasan
Published: October 2024

The aim of this research is to examine the use of machine learning models in the context of e-commerce customer reviews’ analysis, and more specifically, to classify customers’ recommendations based on textual feedback. The accumulation of a huge amount of unstructured big data reviews on the e-commerce platforms has a major drawback concerning the proper interpretation of the analyzed data, particularly in terms of the identification of overall customer sentiments. In the present study, we used a dataset of women’s clothing reviews and five classification algorithms, namely logistic regression, support vector machine, Naive Bayes, random forest, and light gradient boosting machine, and assessed their performance based on accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. The results show that the support vector machine model had the highest overall performance with 89.06% for accuracy and 90.49% for precision can be recommended for sentiment analysis with balanced performance. As for the results, logistic regression and light gradient boosting machine were also quite stable, especially in terms of precision and recall, while Naive Bayes and random forest were characterized by high recall and are good in identifying positive sentiment but with certain trade-offs in precision. The findings of the study are then compared with the previous literature for similarities and differences, especially with ensemble methods, such as random forest that had a fluctuating performance. The study finds that one model does not outperform the others, and the selection of the machine learning algorithm should be based on the characteristics of the dataset and the purpose of the analysis. Further studies are suggested to examine the utilization of deep learning models, the effect of elaborate preprocessing of data, and the concept of combining different models in order to improve the performance of sentiment analysis in the context of e-commerce.
Knowledge, Behavioural Lifestyle, and Preventive Measures of Myopia among Undergraduates in the University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State
Authors: Aroyehun Simon-P , Oluwasanu Mojisola Morenike
Published: October 2024

Background
Myopia, or short-sightedness, affects many young people globally. The condition has witnessed a significant increase, especially among adolescents and young adults. By 2050, almost half of the global population may suffer from it. The youth population, particularly in Nigeria, shows higher prevalence rates of myopia, necessitating investigations into knowledge, behavioural lifestyles, and prevention among undergraduates. The study examined the knowledge, behavioural lifestyle, and prevention strategies related to myopia among undergraduates in the University of Ibadan.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted at the University of Ibadan, among 401 undergraduates from 10 faculties selected through a multistage sampling technique. Data on knowledge of myopia, behavioural lifestyles, and preventive measures were collected using a semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire. Analysis was done using SPSS software, employing both descriptive and inferential statistics, which includes Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests at α0.05 .
Results
Respondents’ age was 21.7 ± 2.8, 64.8% were males and 35.2% were females. About 53.9% of the respondents demonstrated good knowledge of myopia. Less than half, (46.5%) reported using digital devices for more than 3 hours daily without breaks, while 31.6% admitted to reading under dim light more than 5 times a week. Almost two-fifth of the respondents, (45.9%) demonstrated good preventive measures against myopia. Significant associations were identified between knowledge levels and socio-demographic characteristics, including age, gender, faculty, and monthly allowance. Additionally, there was an association between knowledge levels and lifestyle behaviours, and the practice of preventive measures.
Conclusion
The study showed that the University of Ibadan undergraduates have knowledge gaps about myopia, along with common lifestyle behaviours contributing to it. It also highlights the need for targeted educational interventions to improve undergraduates' knowledge about myopia, promote healthier lifestyle behaviours, and encourage the adoption of effective preventive measures among university students. To address these gaps, it's crucial to include myopia education in the General Studies (GST) curriculum. This should cover causes and prevention, and promote eye-friendly habits. Additionally, students should have easy access to eye care services. Collaboration between health professionals and the university is essential for a comprehensive approach to eye health education.
Shadow Economy or Economic Driver? The Impact of Counterfeiting on Italy's Growth
Authors: Beqiraj Elton , Fedeli Silvia , Giuriato Luisa
Published: October 2024

This study examines the impact of economic crime, specifically counterfeiting, on economic growth in Italy after the Great Recession (2008-19), when the country experienced lower economic growth than its developed counterparts. Counterfeiting is orchestrated by mafia-like organizations that turn large areas into hubs for the production/trading of counterfeit goods, thereby damaging genuine brands.
Our study, using a unique regional dataset, demonstrates that in Italy, two direct effects of counterfeiting are significant. First, it stimulates economic growth by flooding markets with counterfeit goods. Second, it undermines market modernization by violating the intellectual property rights of innovative firms in high-value sectors. Moreover, the resources absorbed by illegal activities determine an indirect negative effect: once counterfeiting is controlled, the standard drivers of economic development become more effective. This suggests that if all growth drivers were channeled into legal activities, Italy would experience a development path in line with the performance of its top competitor countries.
JEL: E26; O47; C23; K14
Sensory impairments and loneliness among older Europeans: Insights from a cross-national longitudinal study
Authors: Hansen Mathilde Sofie Schmidt , Lykkegaard Jesper , Möller Sören , Stokholm Lonny , Kjær Niels Kristian , Ahrenfeldt Linda Juel
Published: October 2024

Sensory impairments are linked to loneliness, but the reasons are not well understood. This study aims to investigate the associations between sensory impairments and loneliness over time, considering sex, age, and European regions, and to examine the mediating roles of activity participation, activities of daily living (ADL), depressive symptoms, quality of life (QoL), cognitive function, and social network. We conducted a cohort study of 83,329 Europeans aged 50 + years, participating in at least two waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) from 2011–2022. Loneliness was measured on a scale from 3–9. Mixed-effects regression models with sex-interactions, adjusting for socio-demographic factors and medical history, were used. Compared to those with good vision and hearing, individuals with vision impairment (VI) (coef. = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.10; 0.14), hearing impairment (HI) (coef. = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.08; 0.14), and dual sensory impairment (DSI) (coef. = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.25; 0.31) had a higher risk of loneliness. Dose-response relationships were observed in all associations. Most associations were consistent across sex and age groups, but the association with HI was strongest for females up to age 79 years but only observed in males thereafter. Associations varied across Europe, with the strongest associations in Northern Europe for females with VI and males with HI. For DSI, the associations were mainly mediated by activity participation (17.4%), depressive symptoms (17.3%), and QoL (16.6%). To mitigate the effect of sensory impairments on loneliness, particularly limitations in activity participation should be targeted.
Healthcare-Seeking Behaviour for schistosomiasis-related signs and symptoms in Ghana’s capital
Authors: Appiaha David Boateng , Oduro Williams Ampadu , Lardy Linda Awinbel Akum
Published: October 2024

Background: Schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease spread through contaminated water, remains a significant public health challenge in areas with poor sanitation, including the Ga South Municipal District in Ghana. Despite preventive efforts by the World Health Organization, understanding the healthcare-seeking behavior for schistosomiasis symptoms is crucial to improving treatment outcomes.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Galilea and Mahem communities of the Ga South District, near a lake known for schistosomiasis transmission. A structured questionnaire was administered to 242 randomly selected household heads to assess their healthcare-seeking behavior when faced with schistosomiasis symptoms. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 to identify trends and patterns in behavior.
Results: Awareness of schistosomiasis was high among respondents, with 92.6% indicating familiarity with the disease. About 77.7% reported that they would seek treatment at hospitals or clinics if infected. The choice of healthcare facilities was largely influenced by the perceived efficacy of treatment. A significant association was found between the respondents' area of residence and their healthcare-seeking behavior (p=0.007), suggesting that location plays a crucial role in how individuals approach treatment.
Conclusions: The high awareness of schistosomiasis in the Galilea and Mahem communities is likely due to ongoing educational efforts. While most residents preferred formal healthcare settings, there is still a need to address the risks associated with self-medication through further education. Enhancing accessibility to healthcare facilities and continued public health education could improve timely treatment and reduce the disease burden.
Technology of Dry Wastes Processing of Sorption and Solutions of Antimony Chlorides
Authors:   Academy of Sciences Research Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources of the Russian Academy of Science, Solozhenkin Petr M.
Published: October 2024

Reducing the loss of valuable components during the processing of complex gold-antimony ores, increasing the extraction of antimony during the flotation of sulfide minerals, is an urgent scientific problem. The aim of the study is to maximize the extraction of gold and antimony from dry sorption waste after gold cyanidation, and to improve the reagent regime of the antimony mineral flotation process. Research objectives are as follows: evaluation of the technology efficiency for processing dry sorption waste; extraction of gold from the cake of acidic leaching of antimony; production of various antimony-containing products from solutions of antimony chlorides; study of the possibility of replacing lead with a mixture of zinc and copper cations to hydrophobize the surface of antimony sulfide minerals during flotation. The object of the research is man-made and natural mineral raw materials containing gold and antimony. The following research methodology and methods are used: information analysis, evaluation of existing scientific developments, methods of theoretical and experimental research. A new technological solution has been proposed: acidic (a mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrogen hydroxide) hydrometallurgical technology for processing dry sorption waste in order to extract gold and antimony. Acid treatment makes it possible to completely transfer antimony into solution, significantly improves the quality of the cake for subsequent cyanidation and gold extraction, reduces the volume of material for processing by cyanidation, and simplifies cyanidation technology. Sb2S3 activation and the possibility of lead (Pb(NO3) replacement have been studied 2) a mixture of zinc and copper (ZnSO4 and CuSO4) during the flotation of antimony ores from the Khipkoshinsky deposit in the Transbaikal Region. This has made it possible to create favorable conditions for interaction with xanthogenate and hydrophobize the surface of sulfide minerals. Theoretically, hydrogen sulfide substitutes such as NaCNS, KCNS, CuCNS for use in the flotation process were evaluated.
Strategy for the Socio-Economic Development of a Municipality as a Factor in the Financial Sustainability of the Local Budget (on the Example of the Tungokochensky Municipal District)
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Baranova Olga A. , Yarilov Evgeniy V. ,   Transbaikal Institute of Railway Transport, Selezneva Elena E. ,   Administration of Tungochensky Municipal District, village Verkh-Usugli, Kazachenko Larisa D. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of socio-economic development strategies of municipalities of the Transbaikal Territory on the financial sustainability of local budgets. The legislative and practical foundations of strategic planning at the municipal level currently in force in Russia have revealed a sufficient number of problems, both in theory and in planning practice. The application of these principles in practice indicates that the development of strategic planning documents often does not lead to the achievement of the strategic goals laid down in them. Due to the fact that at various levels of government, considerable attention is paid to the development of strategies for the socio-economic development of both the country as a whole and each individual municipality, the issue of supplementing the strategic planning system at the municipal level is relevant. The object of the study is the strategy of socio-economic development of municipalities. The subject of the study is the influence of the socio-economic development strategy of the municipality on its budgetary sustainability. The purpose of the study is to analyze the indicators of municipal budget sustainability and substantiate the need for their compliance with the socio-economic development strategies developed in municipalities. The main objectives of the study are to identify the correspondence between the strategy of socio-economic development and the budget policy of the municipality, and to develop a model of the influence of the socio-economic strategy on the indicators of financial sustainability of the municipal budget. The study of the strategic municipal planning system revealed a lack of relationship between the socio-economic strategy and the municipal budget. The conclusions are substantiated that the strategies for the socio-economic development of municipalities developed by local governments should have as their goal not only improving the quality and standard of living of its population, increasing the attractiveness of the territory, etc., but also the financial sustainability of the local budget, which is one from sources of financing activities included in the development strategy.
Regional Culture as a Potential for Tourism Development in the Space of Russian-Chinese Borderland: from the Theoretical Objectification to New Reality Issues
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Morozova Valentina S. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Dondokov Dorzhi D. ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Yakunina Tatyana V. ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Published: October 2024

The article focuses on cultural and civilizational potential of Russian eastern borders and China border regions. The subject of this article today seems to be particularly relevant in the context of two circumstances: firstly, tourist contacts have undergone significant transformations in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and secondly, the aggravating situation with the emergence of barriers to entry into the European tourism space makes China one of the most attractive regions for tourism development. The very concept of "border", regardless of the above, appears here not as a certain outpost, but as a unique sociocultural space where regional culture functioning is mediated by the influence of three cultural dimensions (national, local, foreign). The case of border regional pair the Transbaikal Region, Russia and North-East China shows the features of their culture’s interaction, which are of interest for integration into the processes of border tourism formation and development. The identified problems in the border tourism sector development are proposed to be solved, among other things, by updating the work on online platforms, which act as a modern space for the concentration and accumulation of tourist content in the era of digitalization. A possible solution to the above issues on the basis of the original "dialogism of border area regional cultures" model, its integration into the concept of tourism development in the border areas is indicated, as well as the vector of modern state policy regarding the development of tourism initiatives in the Russian-Chinese border area.
Calculation of the radius of influence with a specified error at transient filtration mode
Authors: Utkin K. L. , Utkina O. N.
Published: October 2024

A transient filtration mode leads to an increased load on drainage systems and can potentially violate the normal operating conditions of structures. The mode is yet to be investigated in science and methodology. Various methodologies used for calculating the key parameter of the transient filtration mode – the radius of influence of the depression cone – often fail to obtain the same values and to provide a means to determine the error in the calculations performed. A systematic review of scientific, regulatory and educational literature on the calculation of parameters in the transient filtration mode was carried out using general analysis and synthesis, as well as mathematical analysis. The results of the study described two main theoretical approaches for determining the radius of influence; however, neither of them takes into account the errors in the calculations performed. The authors of the present paper provide a mathematical justification for calculating the radius of influence with a specified error using information technologies.
Unlocking traditional remedy: Gulkand-enhanced mucoadhesive gel for canker sore relief
Authors: Madanahalli Ramesh Manoj , Hardur Venkatappa Annegowda
Published: October 2024

This study focuses on the development and evaluation of mucoadhesive gel formulations containing different Gulkand and its extract with a specific emphasis on their potential for managing oral health conditions, including the discomforting issue of mouth ulcers. The formulations underwent a thorough analysis, encompassing the assessment of phenolic compounds responsible for antioxidant activity, in addition to comprehensive physical, chemical, and pharmacological evaluations to determine their suitability for commercial utilization. Mouth ulcers are a prevalent oral health concern that can cause significant discomfort and inconvenience. In this study, Gulkand extract exhibited remarkable characteristics with its high phenolic content and robust antioxidant activity. It demonstrated rapid drug release, positioning it as a promising new for addressing the immediate relief needs of individuals suffering from mouth ulcers. Conversely, gel formulation showcased a sustained release profile suggesting the potential for longer therapeutic benefits, presents an intriguing option for oral health applications, capitalizing on the antiulcer properties associated with liquorice. An innovative aspect of this study is the compatibility assessment, which employed antioxidant and phenolic content analysis to verify the harmonious interaction between herbal constituents and excipients. This approach introduces novel perspective on compatibility testing, particularly critical for formulations designed to alleviate oral discomfort effectively. Furthermore, stability studies are warranted to be evaluated prior to their potential for commercialization. The present study revealed the promising potential of the prepared mucoadhesive gels in managing not only mouth ulcers but also a spectrum of oral health conditions, holding broader implications for advancements in the field of medicine.
Chemical profiling and bioactivity studies on aerial parts Ammoides atlantica (Coss. et Durieu) H. Wolff
Authors: Bendjabeur Salah , Hazzit Mohamed
Published: October 2024

The Algerian endemic plant Ammoides atlantica (Coss. et Durieu) H. Wolff was studied for the chemical profiling and biological activities of its essential oil (EO) and ethanolic extract (EE). The chemical analysis by GC/MS and HPLC/DAD/UV revealed, respectively, the major compounds thymol (39.46%), γ-terpinene (31.74%), and p-cymene (19.01%) in the EO, and apigenin (33.58%), luteolin 7-O-glucoside (20.09%), and luteolin (14.39%) in the EE. The EO exhibited strong antioxidant activity, with a significant ABTS•+ scavenging capacity (IC50 = 2.79 µg/mL) compared to EE, Trolox, and BHT. The EE showed comparable effects to BHT in DPPH scavenging and reducing power tests. Moreover, the EO demonstrated noteworthy antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa, with inhibition zone diameters ranging from 32.1 to 70 mm and MICs below 0.3 to 5 mg/mL. Furthermore, the EE exhibited strong anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting hemolysis of red blood cells >70% at a concentration of 20 µg/mL.
EXPLORANDO O MECANISMO DE DEGRADAÇÃO ENZIMÁTICA DO POLIURETANO (PU) POR MEIO DAS POLIURETANASES ESTERASES A E B (PueA E PueB): UMA ABORDAGEM INTEGRADA DE DOCKING, DINÂMICA MOLECULAR (MD) E QM/MM
Authors: Valdez Garcia Thiago Antonio , Ruggiero Bachega José Fernando , Netz Paulo Augusto
Published: October 2024

EXPLORING THE MECHANISM OF ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION OF POLYURETHANE (PU) BY MEANS OF POLYURETHANASE ESTERASES A AND B (PueA AND PueB): AN INTEGRATED APPROACH OF DOCKING, MOLECULAR DYNAMICS (MD) AND QM/MM. The continuous global production of polyurethane (PU) and its environmental persistence generate negative impacts on ecosystems, driving the search for sustainable handling solutions, specifically the use of enzymes. Therefore, this study seeks to elucidate the understanding of the enzymatic degradation mechanism of polyurethanase esterases A and B (PueA and PueB) applied to PU-MDI (methylene diphenyl diisocyanate). In this sense, previously built structures were used and dockings were carried out for the PueA and PueB complexes. The results indicate binding scores of –10.743 and –9.587 kcal mol-1 for PueA and PueB, respectively. Furthermore, the complexes were then subjected to molecular dynamics simulations (MD) for 500 ns in triplicate, showing a good interaction between the enzymes and the PU-MDI. Finally, a QM/MM (quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics) simulation, starting with an adequate snapshot from classical MD was carried out, and a relaxed scan was performed to obtain the occurrence coordinates, followed by umbrella sampling to obtain the free energy profile of the systems. The results indicate that the PueA and PueB reaction mechanisms occur in two steps, with determining energy barriers of 11.95 and 15.10 kcal mol-1, respectively, indicating that these enzymes may be used to degrade PU.
REUTILIZAÇÃO DO ÁCIDO ACETILSALICÍLICO PREPARADO NAS AULAS DE QUÍMICA ORGÂNICA EXPERIMENTAL COMO REVELADOR DE IMPRESSÕES DIGITAIS: UMA APLICAÇÃO NO ENSINO DE QUÍMICA
Authors: I. Silveira Caroline , A. Pereira Samuel , B. V. de Leon Victoria , T. Camacho Jeanifer , F. Leitzke Amanda , A. Freitag Rogério , M. P. de Pereira Claudio , N. da Rosa Bruno
Published: October 2024

REUSE OF ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID SYNTHESIZED IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LAB CLASSES AS A FINGERPRINT DEVELOPER: AN APPLICATION IN CHEMISTRY EDUCATION. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) synthesized in the practical classes of experimental organic chemistry is generally discarded after the classes. Thus, the objective of this work is to find an alternative application for ASA and to promote awareness about the recycling of chemicals in educational and research environments. In addition, it explores the subsequent application of this synthesized ASA in the creation of powdered developers for latent fingerprints. The adopted methodology included the recrystallization of the previously synthesized ASA, followed by the development of three distinct formulations of powdered developers, which include ASA, lignin, and methylene blue. Subsequently, these powders were used to identify latent fingerprints, demonstrating that they are promising substances for such applications.
Influence of Current Density and Chloride Concentration on the Electrooxidation of Ammonia and Organic Matter in Ammonia-Laden Effluents
Authors: R. S. Brigido Caroline , A. Lemos Flávio , D. dos Santos Iranildes , J. B. Dutra Achilles
Published: October 2024

Electrooxidation is an efficient method for treating effluents with high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen and organic matter (R), in the presence of chloride ions (Cl-).The present study aimed at degrading ammoniacal nitrogen and organic matter from an effluent generated at a fertilizer storage port terminal. For this purpose, a batch electrochemical reactor with mechanical agitation was used, with a Ti/RuO2 anode. The parameters studied were the current density that varied in 20, 40 and 60 mA cm-2, the concentration of chloride ions that was 0.04, 0.74, 0.90 to 0.81 mol L-1 and the electrolysis time that varied from 4.0, 5.0, 7.0 and 8.0 h. A 2² experimental design was conducted to determine the significance level of the parameters studied. The results obtained indicated the removal of 99.99% of N-NH3 and 75.60% of total organic carbon (TOC) when a current density of 60 mA cm-2 and a Cl- concentration of 35.5 g L-1 were applied, after 4.0 h of electrolysis.
Liposomal Nanoformulation-encapsulated Paclitaxel for Reducing Chemotherapy Side Effects in Lung Cancer Treatments: Recent Advances and Future Outlooks
Authors: Mohammad-Jafari Kave , Naghib Seyed Morteza , Mozafari M. R.
Published: October 2024

Paclitaxel is one notable chemotherapy drug that is used to treat a number of
cancers, including lung cancer. Nevertheless, it has drawbacks such as toxicity, low solubility
in water, and the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR). This article reviews
the use of liposomal formulations to improve paclitaxel administration and efficacy for
lung cancer therapy. Paclitaxel's pharmacological characteristics can be improved by liposomes
through increased solubility, extended circulation, passive tumor targeting
through leaky vasculature, and decreased side effects. Recent developments in paclitaxel
liposomal formulations, including as cationic liposomes, conventional liposomes, targeted
liposomes with particular ligands, and liposome-loaded microorganisms, are outlined
in this article. In comparison to free paclitaxel, these nanoformulations exhibit enhanced
cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, apoptosis, tumor growth suppression, and anticancer effects
in lung cancer cell lines and animal models. One efficient way to get around the
drawbacks of paclitaxel is to alter its size, makeup, and surface characteristics. This will
let the medication accumulate and penetrate tumors more easily, avoid multidrug resistance,
and cause less systemic toxicity. The article explores clinical studies showcasing
the safety and therapeutic efficacy of liposomal paclitaxel for individuals afflicted with
lung cancer. In its entirety, the document provides an in-depth examination of the potential
enhancement in paclitaxel's dispersion and anti-tumor impacts through the utilization
of liposomal technology when addressing diverse manifestations of lung cancer.