bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Korban Pengguna Produk Kosmetik Ilegal Berbahaya
Authors: Winata Melina Gabrila
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah perlidungan hukum bagi konsumen atas penjualan kosmetik yang mengandung bahan berbahaya tidak memiliki ijin BPOM. Metode dalam skripsi ini menggunakan yuridis normatif dengan Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kepustakaan dengan mempelajari peraturan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus bertujuan meneliti aturan yang terkait dengan perlindungan konsumen dan yang berhubungan dengan menggunakan kasus Salon kecantikan Iva Skincare. Kosmetik yang digemari oleh masyarakat dengan memiliki kandungan-kandungan yang baik bagi di kulit serta bisa mencerahkan kulit dengan waktu yang cepat. Karena hal tersebut para pelaku usaha memanfaatkan peluang usaha untuk mendapatkan keuntungan yang besar dengan menjual kosmetik yang mengandung bahan berbahaya dan diedarkan tanpa memiliki ijin BPOM. Kerugian yang dialami oleh konsumen setelah menggunakan kosmetik yang mengandung bahan berbahya kulit menjadi merah-merah dan kulit menjadi iritasi, dengan adanya kerugian yang dialami konsumen pihak pelaku usaha seharusnya memberikan tanggung jawab sesuai dengan peraturan yang ada. Dalam Undang Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen terdapat pada pasal 19 mengenai  kewajiban yang harus dilakukan oleh pelaku usaha mengenai bentuk tanggungjawab dari pelaku  usaha kepada konsumen yang belum dilakukan sesuai dengan peraturan mengenai ganti rugi.  Sebagai Pelaku usaha terdapat kewajiban-kewajiban yang harus dilakukan terhadap konsumen yaitu pelaku usaha wajib memberikan informasi mengenai produk kosmetik yang diperjual belikan serta prouk yang diedarkan di pasaran harus memiliki ijin dari BPOM.
Pattern and Distribution of Injuries from the Fall from the Height in Fatal Cases in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Chennai
Authors: G. Amritha Sulthana  , Yuhesh Somasundaram  , Shankar Subramanian  , Manoharan Chellasamy
Published: July 2022

Background: The second leading cause for the injury related deaths is fall from height. The injuries fatalitiesdepends on the height of fall and its impact surface. Landing position is also considered as an important parameter.Aim: The aim of the study is to study the pattern and distribution of injuries from the fall from height in fatal cases.Methodology: This study includes 100 cases of victims brought to the tertiary care hospital with the history of fallfrom the height. The cases were brought from the accident site or after death as a consequence of fall in this tertiarycare hospital. During autopsy all the relevant details like basic details and the injury details like dimensions,injurytypes and the primary impact site were taken. Blood and urine examination were done for finding alcohol anddrugs. Data entered in MS excel and analysis done in SPSS 23 software. P value <0.05 is considered to be significant.Results: Majority of the study participants belongs to 31-40 years of age group(30%) followed by 41-50 years of age(18%). Male predominance was observed in our study (90%).34% were daily labours. The most common externalinjury is abrasion noted in 90% of the study participants. The most common primary impact site was head (50%)followed by backside (12%).Conclusion: Fall from heights cause significant morbidity and mortality. It is important to create awareness amongthe workers and to provide safety gears for the persons working in construction sites.
A Case Report on a Dead Man Walking in a Rural University of South Africa
Authors: BL MEEL
Published: July 2022

Background: Abuse of power in rural universitiesis less visible to the public but widely prevalent.Myriad formsofcorruption are prevalent in the rural university concerned. Productive staff is generallyappreciated and awarded inmost universities but in this rural university, they get punished, terminated, or subjected to disciplinary inquiries.Objective: To report on the abuse of power and difficultiesof an academic in a rural university of south Africa.Case History: X was an employee of the department of health and affiliated with the local University in a dualsystem of employment where he has served the university for over two decades (1996 to 2018). He underwentpersistent harassment, bullying,and dehumanization in his early period of employment. It progressively evolvedtoa more serious form with disciplinary inquiries, suspension, stoppage of salary, and birthday bonus. Themanagers of this rural university tried hard repeatedly to carry out constructive termination but failed. Mr. Xretired after his completion of age 65 with respect and appreciation. The history, duration, and different designs ofabuse of power havebeen described in this report.Conclusion: It isguilty, to be honest, and hardworking in a rural university in South Africa as it functions like asecretive society.
The Influence of Chest-Knee Position on the Appearance of anal Physical Findings in Comparison with other Clinical Positions during the Examination of Sexual anal Assault Victim
Authors: Mohanad S. O. Jaber  , Shrouq S. Al-Sabaileh
Published: July 2022

Background: Sexual anal assault is an important and critical issue worldwide. Usually the clinical examinationreveals subtle findings to prove the incident of sexual anal assault. Thus for approaching a proper diagnosis, thevictim needs to be examined by a trained and experienced forensic physician who is officially involved in dealingwith such issues.Methods: Prospective study of 82 victims of sexual anal assault transferred by the local prosecutor to the forensicmedicine department.Results: The majority of victims were females (82%), most of them were younger than 18 years (53.8%). Thefindings obtained by other clinical positions regarding the distribution of anal cutaneous folds revealed that(82%) of victims showed normal distribution, and (18%) showed abnormal distribution of the folds. While afterchest-knee positioning (33.3%) of victims showed normal distribution of the anal cutaneous folds and (38.5%)showed abnormal distribution along with (28.2%) of victims showed absence of folds. Regarding inspection ofanal sphincter by other clinical positions; (84.6%) of victims showed normally contracted sphincter and (15.4%)showed less contractility of the sphincter, whilst by chest-knee positioning (35.9%) of victims showed normallycontracted sphincter with the majority of victims (64.1%) showed abnormal contraction. Concerning injuries in theanal region represented mainly by contusions and abrasions; they were noticed only in (12.8%) of victims by otherclinical positions, while were present in (29%) of victims examined with chest-knee position.Conclusions: During the clinical examination of victims of sexual anal assault, and in comparison with otherclinical positions used, the application of chest-knee position showed overall more conspicuous physical findings,especially regarding the distribution of anal cutaneous folds, the inspected degree of contractility of anal sphincter,and the presence of injuries in the anal region represented mainly by contusions and abrasions.
Comparison of the Efficiency of GlobalfilerTM IQC PCR Amplification Kit and Powerplex® Fusion 6C System with Half-Volume Reactions for Forensic Trace DNA Testing
Authors: Nattawoot Saokaew  , Kewalee Junpan  , Wawkan Duangshatome  , Duangnate Pipatsatitpong  , Ratchaneewan Aunpad
Published: July 2022

Two major challenges in daily and routinely forensic genetics test are samples with low or very low quantitiesof DNA and high cost of processing. To overcome these obstacles, a reduction in reaction volume to half wouldoffer a substantial benefit, but even so it should provide complete genetic profiles without conceding the qualityof the results. The aim of this study is to test the robustness of two commercially available kits, GlobalFilerTMIQC PCR Amplification Kit (GF-IQC) and PowerPlex® Fusion 6C System (P-6C), with half volume reaction inaccordance with SGWDAM guidelines. GF-IQC showed minimum and stochastic threshold of 45 and 610 RFU,while P-6C demonstrated 60 and 670 RFU of those values respectively. The P-6C can tolerate to many inhibitorsincluding melanin, hematin, and humic acid. Both kits showed the same performance on case work profiling andthe sensitivity of allele detection of P-6C was not significantly different from that of GF-IQC (p=0.144). The resultsof this study demonstrated that GF-IQC and P-6C with half volume reaction can produce good quality profiles andcould be applied for forensic DNA examination.
Changing of ATP and Its Metabolites in Blood Samples for Post Mortem Interval: In Vitro Study
Authors: Warangkool Chanpan  , Churdsak Jaikang  , Chaturong Kanchai
Published: July 2022

Background: Postmortem interval (PMI) is an important in forensic practice. Many studies in blood and tissue ofanimals have revealed correlation between adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level and PMI. In this study aimed toexplore the correlation between human blood ATP and its metabolites level and PMI in vitro model.Methods: Ten milliliter of venous blood samples were collected form four healthy men and contained in EDTAtube. One milliliter of the blood sample was divided at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h, respectively. The blood sampleswere extracted and measured ATP, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) level byHigh performance liquid chromatography- diode array. Energy charge value was calculated to predict charge ofATP metabolites.Results: The blood ATP, ADP and AMP levels increased in the first hour. The blood ATP, ADP and AMP levelsdid not obviously change before 12 hour. The blood ATP level trended to decrease but the blood ADP and AMPlevels trended to increase after 24 hour. Energy Charge was not change in first 12 hour but trended to decreaseafter 24 hour.Conclusion: The blood ATP level and its metabolites changed after 12 hour and apply for the PMI investigation.
The Expression of Neogene TIGD3 that Derived from DNA Transposons in Colorectal Cancer Cell lines
Authors: Ahmed Arnaoty  , Hiba. M. Ahmed  , Yves Bigot  , Thierry Lecomte
Published: July 2022

DNA transposons are exposed to a molecular domestication process, which results in the formation of neogenes,which may play a role in human genetic instability. TIGD3 (Tigger-derived [TIGD] family of proteins) is one ofthese Neogene, and its role in the human genome is unknown.Aim: The expression of Neogene TIGD3 in colorectal cancer cell lines and its putative function in carcinogenesisare being investigated.Method: The protein expression of the TIGD3 gene was investigated using the western blot method in twelvecolorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW48, LOVO, DLD1) that are microsatellite instable MSI, (SW480, SW620,HT29, LS123, COLO205, T84, SW403, SW1463) that are microsatellite stable MSS, and in healthy colon tissue as acontrol in our study.Results: The expression of the TIGD3 protein was found in all twelve colorectal cancer cell lines, with varyingdegrees of expression and numerous isoforms, which was not found in healthy colon tissue.Conclusion: There may be a link between colorectal cancer evolution or progression and TIGD3 gene expression.
The Investigation of Significant Leptospirosis Hotspots during the Initial COVID-19 Pandemic in the City of Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Andre Yunianto  , Dian Perwitasari  , Dasuki Dasuki  , Pandji Wibawa Dhewantara
Published: July 2022

Leptospirosis is a common bacterial infection caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp.in tropical region, including inIndonesia. During the first year of COVID-19 pandemic, Jakarta reported a significant increase in leptospirosis cases.A study was conducted to analyze the distribution of leptospirosis and to identify hotspots of the leptospirosis.Leptospirosis notifications for the period of January to December 2020 were collected from the online surveillancedatabase provided by the Provincial Health Office of Jakarta. Global and local spatial clustering at the villagelevel across Jakarta was examined using Moran’s I and local indicators for spatial association (LISA). In 2020,total of 207 people infected by Leptospira spp. The highest number was recorded in January (n=142), accountingfor 68.5% of the total reports over the period studied. The incidence was geographically dissimilar at village-levelwith the highest rates was observed in the west of the city. Moran’s I analysis demonstrates that leptospirosisincidence was significantly clustered (I = 0.191, p-value = 0.001). Total of 19 high-risk clusters in 9 sub-districtswere identified and approximately 891,202 people were at higher risk of leptospirosis during the year of 2020. Thefindings suggest needs an improved disease surveillance to support spatially targeted interventions to controlleptospirosis transmission.
Study of in Vitro Antimicrobial Activity and in Vivo Wound Healing Potentiality of Leaves of Callistemon Viminalis
Authors: Avijit Mazumder  , Utpal Anand  , Saumya Das
Published: July 2022

Callistemon viminalis, often known as the stream bottlebrush, is a tropical plant in the Myrtaceae familyand is renowned for its ability to grow rapidly in riparian zones. It is exclusively found in New South Wales,Queensland, and Western Australia. The roots of this species are entangled, which helps stabilize the soil, whichreduces the danger of erosion. This plant has antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and other pharmacologicaland insecticidal abilities that are also related to other medicinal properties. This research investigates the benefits,applications, and features of several extracts obtained from components of C. viminalis (branches, flowers, fruits,bark, and leaves). Bioactive compounds were characterized in detail by noting their chemical structures. The useof C. viminalis in folk medicine was fully supported by the results. Collecting and compounding plant materials,including processing, drying, and grinding, and then doing research to screen pharmaceutical effects, are all partof making the cure. Rats had their wound healing ability tested using a method known as in vitro experimentation.This method relies on excision wounds. The capacity of the extracted substance to close wounds when appliedas an ointment was shown to be greater than in the control. The epithelization time in the standard and treatedgroups was significantly shorter than in the basic ointment base treatment group. The group treated with 5% w/wextract ointment had greater traction intensity than the control group (1.96 gm/mm2), with a significant differenceof (1.12) gm/mm2. The tensile strength of the (3.86) gm/mm2 of the 5% w/w treated group. A substantial increasein tensile strength was seen on the tenth day for both the extract level and the normal medicine.
Role of Antioxidant Supplements in Idiopathic Male Infertility in Erbil City
Authors: Chro Yaseen Qader  , Tarq Aziz Toma  , Sizar Sherzad Rasool  , Kawa Fareq Dizaye
Published: July 2022

Background: Fertil Aid for Men is a non-prescription dietary supplement, it’s a mixture of multiple antioxidants,vitamins, a blend of herbal ingredients, and amino acid, as L-Carnitine. This research aims to appraise theeffectiveness of a mixture of vitamins and antioxidants on seminal fluid parameters in males with idiopathicinfertility.Method: Thirty-three men with idiopathic infertility were involved inthis prospective clinical study. The baselinesemen specimens were taken from the subjects following three to seven days’ abstinence. Semen parametersincluding (volume, pH, concentration, and motility) were measured. Abnormal sperm sample subjects were givena FertilAid capsule three times daily for 90 days then final semen analysis was estimated.The outcomes of this study demonstrated consumption of fertilAid has significantly improved sperm count/ml (p< 0.05), also significant amelioration in the sperm motility including progressive and non-progressive motility (p< 0.05). The rate of total sperm motility was significantly improved (p < 0.05).The concentration of immotile spermhas considerablyreduced (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The administration of a combination of L-Carnitine, Zinc, Maca Root, Asian Ginseng, Vitamin C, E,Beta Carotene, and Selenium PLUS CoQ10 in idiopathic male infertility has notably improved sperm parameters.
Relationship Between Disease History and Fear Level During COVID-19 Pandemic in Bogor City Area
Authors: Devi Irawan  , Nining Fitrianingsih  , Magdalena A. Yosali  , Widia Astuti AW  , Yufi Aliyupiudin  , Joshua Francisco
Published: July 2022

Background: COVID-19 pandemic is a major concern in almost all countries in the world, including in Indonesia.The number of COVID-19 confirmed cases in the worldwide as of July 20, 2021 was 192 million cases with4.13 million deaths. West Java province of Indonesia became one of the highest COVID-19 contributors with 6,928cases in one day. This very rapid increase has caused psychological impact in society. Some people became moreafraid to get infected with COVID-19 while some others started to get careless in performing health protocols.COVID-19 imposes more threat to people with previous diseases and could also raise fear and anxiety during theoutbreak.Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between disease history and fear level ofCOVID-19 in Bogor City area.Methodology: The research method used was analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach. The samplingtechnique was snowball sampling with total of 515 participants aged more than 18 years old. The instrument inthe study was an online questionnaire using a Google Form. Data analysis performed was univariate and bivariateanalysis with chi square test.Result: Out of 515 participants, 431 respondents (83.7%) had no disease history and 411 respondents (79.8%) hadmoderate fear level of COVID-19. The results of the chi square test show the p-value = 0.000.Conclusion: There was a relationship between disease history and fear level of COVID-19 in in Bogor City area.
Observation of Tri-allelic Patterns in Autosomal STRs during Establishment of Genetic Fingerprint Database for the Iraqi Security Forces
Authors: Esam Ghazi Mohammed Salih  , Mohammed Ibrahim Nader  , Majeed Arsheed Sabbah  , Mohammed Mahdi Al-Zubaidi  , Hanan Khaleel Mahmood  , Khalifah Mahdi Salih  , Dhurgham Hameed Hasan
Published: July 2022

We report five cases of tri-allelic patterns observed during establishment of genetic fingerprint database for 354individual from Iraqi security forces volunteers. These individuals had been typed by using the PowerPlex®Fusion System for the following 22 autosomal STRs: D3S1358, D1S1656, D2S441, D10S1248, D13S317, Penta E,D16S539, D18S51, D2S1338, CSF1PO, Penta D, TH01, vWA, D21S11, D7S820, D5S818, TPOX, D8S1179, D12S391,D19S433, FGA and D22S1045. All five tri-allelic patterns were observed at the Penta D locus and had the genotype9/11/13, 9.4/13/14, 9/10/11, 7/9/11 and 9/10/14 respectively. All cases belonged to the Type 2 tri-allelic pattern;involve a fairly balanced set of three alleles. Five cases in 354 typed individuals is a frequency for tri-allelic patternsin autosomal STRs of 1.41%.
Estimate the Prevalence of Fatty Liver in Overweight and Obese Children in Ilam
Authors: Gholamreza Kalvandi  , Reza Najafi  , Kourosh Sayehmiri  , Salah Saki
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Obesity worldwide is considered as the single largest cause of chronic illness. The children of thepresent generation are the only people throughout history who die because of problems with overweight beforetheir parents. Obese children are prone to fatty liver disease. Fatty liver is one of the chronic liver disorders thatis associated with lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of fattyliver in overweight and obese children in Ilam and to investigate some of its possible causes, in order to considerthe need for planning for educational interventions for behavioral change.Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ilam, in 2017, and among 106children aged 6-18 years who were referred to the center for evaluation, a randomized sampling was performedand divided into two groups of overweight and obese based on their BMI.Conclusion: Regarding the relatively high prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in school-age children,and especially in adolescents, the need to educate parents and their children for proper nutrition and daily physicalactivity with the correct method is still felt.
Deaden talks through Bones about their Final Fate: A Case Report
Authors: Naveen Sharma  , Kuldeep Kumar  , Priti Singh  , Lalit Chopra  , Naresh Kumar  , Pradeep Yadav
Published: July 2022

Background: Skeletonization of body is a complex process. Solving a suspected crime is multidisciplinaryapproach, which requires experts from the various specialities. Various methods are employed to commit crimesthroughout the world. Many cases of homicide remain unsolved due to misleading, lack of suspicion, incompleteor inadequate investigations.Methods: In present case post mortem examination of a skeletonised body was conducted by the authors,identification and apparent cause of which after inquest was impossible for investigating agencies. Usually, it isdifficult toopined cause, manner and time since death with certainty in the such corpse when body devoid of softtissue. In present case authors opined the cause, manner and time since death in a skeletonisedand partially burntbody. Which will help the investigators to find out the perpetrator.Conclusion: A post mortem examination of a corpse by the experts is mandatory for the identification, collectionand preservation of trace evidences to correlate the victim, accused, scene of incidence and suspected weapon ofoffence.
Metformin Versus Insulin in the Managment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Nuha Muhsen  , Sajda Al-Rubai  , Huda Qahtan
Published: July 2022

Background: Insulin and metformin have been used extensively in the management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Insulin has been the primary medical treatment if maternal glucose targets are not achieved by dietary therapy.Insulin is safe for the fetus, because it does not normally cross the placenta. oral antidiabetic agents, glibenclamideand metformin are the most studied agents to treat GDM patients.Objective: To examine If oral metformln Is as effective as Insulin ln the prevention of fetal macrosomy lnpregnancies complicated with gestational diabetes mellitus.Method: This study is an open -labeled prospective randomized controlled study that was carried out in Basramaternity-outpatient clinics in the tertiary level hospital ln Basra. One hundred women with GDM who didnot attain euglycaemia with diet participated. Women were randomized to therapy with insulin n= 50 or oralmetformin n=50. Incidence of macrosomia in infants and neonatal morbidity was measured.Results: There were no statistically significant differences tn the incidence of macrosomia (16°/o versus 20°/o), and neonatal morbidity between insulin and metformtn group. Around 15 (30°/o) of the metformin treatedwomen needed supplemental insulin. They were more obese,(36.2 versus 30.6) kg/m2 bad higher fasting bloodglucose level (7.4mmol/L versus 6.1 mmol/L) and needed medical treatment for GDM earlier ( 27 versus 32 wks )than women who were normoglycemic with metformin alone. There was a tendency to a higher rate of caesareansections in the metformin group than in the insulin group.Conclusion: Metformin seems to be suitable for the prevention of fetal macrosomia , especially in lean or moderatelyoverweight women developing GDM in late pregnancy Women with considerable obesity, high fasting bloodglucose and an early need for pharmacological treatment may be more suitable for insulin therapy.
Management of Airway Foreign Body Aspiration with Atelectasis Complication
Authors: Puji Utami  , Rizka Fathoni Perdana
Published: July 2022

Background: A sharp foreign body aspirationis a problem that is usually found in teenage women who wear hijab.Straight-pins are used in wearing hijab to make a model and to hold it tight in place. Straight-pin aspiration has thepotential to become a serious problem if it is inhaled in the airway and must be removed immediately in optimalconditions by using complete equipment to prevent complications.Case Report: A 14 year old girl with straight-pin aspiration in the airwayhad come to emergency room ofDrSoetomo General AcademicHospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. The initial location of the straight-pinwas in the rightmain bronchus and a rigid bronchoscopy was planned. Rigid bronchoscopy was performed but the foreign objectfailed to be removed and the foreign object moved further down and difficult to reach. A flexible bronchoscopywas performed and the foreign body was successfully removed. However, there was a complication of left lungatelectasis after the procedure. It was treated conservatively and healed.Conclusion: Straight-pin aspirationin the airway is treated by rigid and flexible bronchoscopy with atelectasis asa complication. Flexible bronchoscopy is an alternative therapy for inhaled foreign bodies that are located distallyand cannot be reached by rigid instruments.
The Effect of Air Pollutants on liver Enzymes and Pituitary Gland Hormones of Smokers and non-smokers of Oil Refinery and Gas Station Workers in Basra/Iraq
Authors: Rafad A. Al-Hulfi  , Bushra Abdul Mohsin Al Salem  , Ibrahim M. Al-Naiema
Published: July 2022

Air pollutants that originated from oil refineries and gas pump stations can have a negative effect on humanorgans, especially liver and brain. This study focuses on evaluating the pollutants from oil refinery and gasstation on workers’ health by measuring three hepatic enzymes GOT (Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase),GPT (Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase), ALP(Alkaline phosphatase) and three pituitary gland hormones LH(Luteinizing hormone), FSH (Follicle-stimulating hormone), TSH (Thyroid-stimulating hormone). Study groupswere (i) 33 males from Basra oil refinery workers including 16 smoker and 17 non-smoker (ii) 23 male from Gasstation, 11 of them were smoker while the other 12 are non-smoker (iii) 24 male local volunteers from Basra (allhad non-oil related job) as a control group, 12 smoker and 12 non-smokers. All three groups’ subjects had neitherfamily history of raspatory problems nor diabatic. The results indicated a significance decrease in FSH, LH, TSHhormones and GPT, ALP enzymes of oil refinery workers, comparing to the control group. The same trend wasalso observed among gas station workers, suggesting hepatotoxicity and alternation in pituitary hormones.Pollutants that circulating around oil industry sites can negatively impact human body especially for those whowork near these locations.
The Prevalence and Success Factor of Ibuprofen and Paracetamol Administration for Neonates with Patent Ductus Arteriosus at RSUD Dr. Soetomo
Authors: Rodia Amanata Rofiq  , I Ketut Alit Utamayasa  , Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah  , Arthur Pohan Kawilarang
Published: July 2022

Background: Four thousand neonates with Persisten Ductus Arteriosus every year in Indonesia. There are twotreatment options to treat Persistent Ductus Arteriosus, they are surgery and pharmacological therapy. Ibuprofenand paracetamol can be used as pharmacological therapy for Persistent Ductus Arteriosus with minimal sideeffects.Objective: To analyze the prevalence and success factors in giving ibuprofen and paracetamol in neonates withpersistent ductus arteriosus.Method: This research is an observational analytic research with cross-sectional method. The determination of theresearch sample uses a total sampling technique by taking all members of the population in accordance with theconditionsfrom January, 2016 to March , 2020. Bivariate analysis was perform using the Spearman rank test with95% confidence interval (α=0.05).Result: From 51 samples that met the inclusion criterias, it was found that the most criterias were male (66.67%),normal birth weight (60.78%), aterm (76.48%), moderate defect size before being administrated pharmacologicaltherapy (47.06%), pharmacological therapy using paracetamol (88.24%), atrial septal defect in the cardiaccomorbidities category (21.74%) and hyperbilirubinemia in the non-cardiac comorbidities category (13.04%). Themajority of lumen defects in neonates were closed completely after being administrated pharmacological therapy(72.55%). Statistical test results of spearman rank showed that no significant relationship between birth weightand pharmacological therapy in RSUD Dr. Soetomo. There was a significant relationship between gestation andpharmacological therapy (p = 0.000; r = -0.495; r2 = 0.237, 95% CI). There was a significant relationship between thesize of the ductus arteriosus defect before therapy and pharmacological therapy (p = 0.001; r = -0.435; r2 = 0.211,95% CI).

Conclusion: The success factors in administrating ibuprofen and paracetamol for neonates with persistent ductusarteriosus in RSUD dr. Soetomo from January 1, 2016 to March 3, 2020 were affected by gestation period and sizeof the ductus arteriosus defect prior to pharmacological therapy.
The Relationship between Health Workers’ Support and Frequency of Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid for Cervical Cancer Early Detection among Childbearing Age Women at Pasir Mulya Health Center
Authors: Salsalina Yuniarty G.  , Astry Susanti  , Reny Siswanti  , Helza Risdianti  , Tisna Yanti
Published: July 2022

Background: Cervical cancer could be prevented through early detection method. Visual Inspection with AceticAcid (VIA) is one of common and simple procedures to screen early stage of cervical cancer. Health workers play arole in helping and encouraging women of childbearing age to be involved in preventing cervical cancer and thusimproving the life quality of women generally. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between healthworkers’ support and frequency of visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) for cervical cancer early detectionamong childbearing age women at Pasir Mulya Health Center.Materials and Methods: The study design used was analytical research. Participants in this study were287 childbearing age women who regularly visited Pasir Mulya Health Center. The sampling method used waspurposive sampling. The instrument in this study was questionnaire and the research data was analyzed usingthe Chi-square test.Results: Out of 287 participants, 211 participants (73.5%) received support from the health workers while76 participants (26.5%) did not receive support from the health workers. The number of childbearing age womenwho had done the VIA test was 146 participants, whilst 141 participants never had IVA test previously. A totalof 131 childbearing age women received support and had undergone VIA test. The statistical test obtainedP-value = 0.00.Conclusion: There was significant relationship between health workers’ support and frequency of visual inspectionwith acetic acid (VIA) in childbearing age women at Pasir Mulya Health Center.
Periodontal Research Wars: Navigating Through Minefield of Statistical Jargon
Authors: Shalini Mundra  , Neetha J. Shetty  , Srikant N  , Aakash Agnihotri
Published: July 2022

Statistical analysis is considered to be the backbone of research and however challenging it is to a clinician, it playsa crucial part for a researcher to comprehend the various presumptions underlying the statistical methods. In thefield of periodontology, statistical analysis is routinely used for management and interpretation of data. Yet, manyperiodontists find it difficult to understand the various statistical methods used in periodontal researches. Thus,this paper aims to cover the basictenetsof statistical analysisin a simplified manner with the help of flowcharts,specially emphasising on understanding few crucial points beforechoosing any statistical test. Later section of thearticle takes an application-based approach by incorporating the already illustratedflowcharts and crucial points.
Effect of Muscle Energy Technique as an Adjunct to Lumbar Stabilisation Exercise Training on Pain, Disability and Fear Avoidance belief in Patients with Chronic Low back pain with facet joint dysfunction: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shubhangi Patil  , Muskan Bhojwani
Published: July 2022

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is the second leading cause of disability, affecting 85 percent of peopleworldwide at some point in their life. LBP is viewed as a personal and societal burden due to discomfort andlimited function. Facet joint dysfunction is one of the leading causes of pain and disability. While the MuscleEnergy technique (MET) looks to be a promising treatment, research on MET in combination with exercise therapyis limited.Method: Sixty patients, 18 to 40 years of age, with a history of chronic low back pain will be randomly divided intotwo groups. One group will receive lumbar stabilization exercise training along with muscle energy techniqueand the other group will receive lumbar stabilization exercise training alone respectively for 3 times a weekfor 4 weeks. Data will be collected pre and post the intervention on the Numeric Rating Scale, Oswestry LBPDisability Questionnaire, and Fear-avoidance belief questionnaire.Result: Both groups will be analyzed for pain, disability, and patients’ fear-avoidance belief regarding physicalactivity Baseline characteristics including means and standard deviations (SDs) will be analyzed. Categoricalvariables will be analyzed with a chi-square test and continuous variables will be analyzed using independentt-tests.
Allele Frequencies and Forensic Statistical Parameters for 21 Autosomal Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) loci in Northern Thai Population
Authors: Supakit Khacha-ananda  , Yutti Amornlertwatana  , Phatcharin Mahawong  , Nitaya Khamkomkai
Published: July 2022

Background: Although the genetic information of STRs has been established over the entire world, the differentcharacteristics between populations influenced the STRs information. FBI’s guideline recommended to expandadditional number of STRs loci to increase power of discrimination and exclusion. Unfortunately, the currentdata of STRs in northern Thai population have not fully covered additional loci. The aim of this study is to obtainaccurate allele frequencies of STRs among northern Thai population.Methods: The genetic profiles ofunrelated individuals were characterized by Investigator 24 plex Go kit. Allelefrequencies and forensic statistical parameters were calculated within GenoProof®3and Arlequin ver 3.5.2.2.Results: The SE33 and TH01 loci represented largest and lowest number of different alleles, respectively. Therewas no significant deviation from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) after Bonferroni correction in all loci(p=0.002). The SE33 locus showed the greatest PD and PE, whereas the TPOX represented the lowest PD and PE.The studied population (northern Thai) appear to be most closely related to previously reported populationscontaining of Chinese, Japanese, and Vietnamese based on allele frequency.Conclusion: Our results recommended that current autosomal STRs data extended the application of STRs typingin parentage analyses and human identification among the localized population in northern region of Thailanddue to highly informative polymorphic data.
HbA1c and Serum Level of VEGF in Diabetic Retinopathy Patients
Authors: Surasmiati N.M.A.  , Wijayati, M.P  , Pramita, I.A.A  , Pantjawati, N.L.D.  , Andayani, A.
Published: July 2022

Objective: This study aims to determine whether HbA1c level has a correlation with vascular endothelial growthfactor (VEGF) serum level in diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients.Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study of patients with DR due to type 2 diabetes, with a purposivesampling technique. Patients were grouped into non-proliferative DR (NPDR) and proliferative DR (PDR). HbA1cand VEGF serum levels were assessed by taking the patient’s venous blood.Results: A total of 82 samples were included, in which the mean HbA1c levels were 8.17% ± 1.91% and the medianVEGF levels were 85.78 ng/L (range 38.23-149.43 ng/L). A total of 23 out of 35 NPDR patients were female (65.7%),while 29 out of 47 PDR patients were male (61.7%). Approximately 61.7% of PDR patients had a DM duration ofmore than 10 years, while 62.9% of NPDR patients had DM duration of less than 10 years. There was an increasein the mean of HbA1c levels in the PDR group compared to NPDR, although it was not statistically significant (p =0.214), and there was no difference in the median VEGF levels of the two groups. Spearman’s correlation analysisrevealed no correlation between HbA1 and VEGF levels in diabetic retinopathy, in both the NPDR and PDRgroups (correlation coefficient 0.183 and -0.022 respectively).Conclusion: No statistically significant correlation was found between HbA1c and VEGF serum levels in diabeticretinopathy patients. In this study poor glycemic control were not proven for their implications for VEGFprogression. VEGF serum levels may not be used as a marker of DR severity.
Regression Models for Postmortem Interval Estimation by using Accumulated Degree Hours and Potassium in Vitreous and Blood
Authors: Warachate Khobjai  , Pongpitsanu Pakdeenarong  , Woratouch Vichuwanich
Published: July 2022

The biochemical changes of corpse are using forthe postmortem interval (PMI) estimation, but decomposition isvaried due to many factors. Ambient temperature is believed to be the most important factor which is related tobiochemical change in the human corpse by using accumulated degree hours (ADH). The aim of this researchwas to develop exponential formula to estimate the PMI based on a potassium and ADH as the parameters. Thesecondary data analysis is conducted on 3 articles published in Thailand. The correlation data were analyzed bypotassium, ADH, and time of death in each experiment. The temperature data was provided by the ThailandMeteorology Department (TMD). These results suggested that this developed method can use for PMI estimation.The additional step, namely to calculate the ADH from the finding date back until the predicted day of death fromcase reported and TMD. The regression analysis had a high reliability. The potassium level significantly estimatesthe PMI (R2 = 0.9183, 0.8296 and 0.7142 for pig vitreous, corpse vitreous and corpse blood, respectively). Whenusing the ADH in pig vitreous, the R2 increased to 0.9931. The developed potassium regression models are apractical method to measure PMI. The PMI can be estimated using this method, but caution is advised in case witha long PMI. It can be used to estimate the mortality time of the fresh-early decomposition stage, up to 48 hours.Due to the longer mortality, there may be a gradual rate of change and samples cannot be collected.
Introducing Newly Documented Rock Art in Mianeh County of the East Azarbaijan Province in North-Western Iran
Authors: Mohammadi Sefidkhani Ramin , Sarhaddi-Dadian Hossein
Published: July 2022

This essay seeks to conduct a short study for the first time of the classification of a number of petroglyphs in Mianeh County in the Eastern Azarbaijan Province. The north-western region of Iran is one of the richest regions in rock art; due to its abundant springs, landscape, and the specific lifestyle of nomads who regularly move around the same places. The petroglyphs were discovered 20 km west of Mianeh City on the right side of Tabriz Road, and are located on a black mountain in the Chupughlu region. One of the key challenges in the study of the petroglyphs in Iran and north-western region of Iran is their dating. Due to the lack of laboratorial equipment, they have not been studied yet. During the survey in 2016 of the Chupughlu region almost seventy sites were identified and are located at a distance of between 60–100 m from each other. Here we present eleven sites. The petroglyphs of Mianeh are among the most original and admirable petroglyphs that reflect parts of the life of the residents of this region in the past. The most remarkable images found through the petroglyphs consist of human, animal, and geometrical images
PEMBERDAYAAN KOPERASI SAPI PERAH DI DESA NONGKOJAJAR: SWOT ANALYSIS UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN BISNIS
Authors: Bramantyo Paskalis Dio , Wijayadne Devi Rahnjen
Published: July 2022

Manajemen strategis yang tepat dapat dilakukan dengan memahami sumber daya yang dimiliki dan memahami lingkungan bisnis yang ada. Pelaku usaha dalam koperasi sapi perah saat ini sedang dalam proses succession pada generasi muda yang melanjutkan bisnis keluarga mereka sehingga diperlukan pemberdayaan terkait manajemen strategis yang tepat. Salah satu alat manajemen strategis yang paling efektif untuk memahami sumber daya yang dimiliki dan menggunakannya untuk menghadapi lingkungan bisnis adalah SWOT analysis. Pemberdayaan ini ditujukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan wirausaha muda dalam menyusun strategi untuk menggunakan sumber daya yang dimiliki menghadapi tantangan bisnis dan menggapai peluang bisnis yang ada. Pelaksanaan pemberdayaan wirausaha muda ini dihadiri oleh 32 pelaku usaha dengan total sapi yang dikelola mencapai 495 ekor dalam kondisi produktif.
Analytical Solution of two Model Equations for the Variation of Capital Market Prices
Authors: Amadi Innocent Uchenna , Uchechi, Ahana , Anyamele, Bethel Azunna
Published: July 2022

This paper investigated different methods for estimation of parameters of Weibull distribution, using Mean Square Error (MSE) as a criterion for selecting the best model. The result showed that Method of Moments outstripped other methods. In the same vain, the estimated results were logically extended to form a matrix that would help in predicting different commodity price processes, and the result obtained by exploring the properties of the principal component analysis solution and results showed the level of proportion accounted by first Principal Component Analysis (PCA). However, the eigenvectors describe the direction of the stock market prices in terms of changes in short-run and long-run respectively.
Review on pediatric seizures - a prospective study on drug utilization pattern and its outcome
Authors: K Mamatha , S Revathi , P Venkatesh
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to evaluate the drug utilization pattern and to observe possible treatment outcomes.

METHODS:  A Non-experimental prospective observational study has been carried out in tertiary care hospital for a period of six months. A total number of 181 pediatric inpatients of age 1- 14 years with seizures were included and evaluated. The patient’s case history was collected based on a data collection form designed for the study.

RESULTS: In our study, we observed that female patients are more prevalent. Prevalence of seizures is high among the age group 1-5years and low among 11-14 years. Tonic-clonic (51.3%) types of seizures were commonly observed, followed by febrile seizures (19%). Phenytoin is the most prescribed drug followed by sodium valproate. Monotherapy is observed mostly. The outcome of the therapy is measured by seizure-free period, among which seizure-free observed are more than 74.1%. The incidence of ADRs in the study group is less (6.6%) and phenytoin is the drug with more number of ADRs. Medication adherence is measured in known epileptic patients (n=67) using MMAS, medium adherence seems to be more (49%).

CONCLUSION: This study strongly highlights that the Clinical pharmacist has a pivotal role in conducting drug utilization studies that help in comparing the ongoing regimen with the standard treatment guidelines so as to promote the stupendously rational use of drugs and to minimize or control the incidence of ADRs.
The pharmacotherapeutic management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Authors: K Naga Rani , K Sunita , K Sudharani , Sk Salma Sulthana , P Pranathi
Published: July 2022

Medical therapy of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is based on the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) as first choice treatment. Despite their effectiveness, about 20-30% of patients report an inadequate response and alternative drugs are required. Areas covered: This review provides an overview of current pharmacotherapy for treating GERD by showing the results of PPIs, reflux inhibitors, antidepressants and mucosa protective medications. Expert opinion: Medical therapy of GERD does not definitely cure the disease, because even PPIs are not able to change the key factors responsible for it. However, they remain the mainstay of medical treatment, allowing us to alleviate symptoms, heal esophagitis and prevent complications in the majority of cases. Nevertheless, many patients do not respond, because acid does not play any pathogenetic role. Prokinetics and reflux inhibitors have the potential to control motor abnormalities, but the results of clinical trials are inconsistent. Antidepressant drugs are effective in specific subgroups of NERD patients with visceral hypersensitivity, but larger, controlled clinical studies are necessary. Protective drugs or medical devices have been recently adopted to reinforce mucosal resistance and preliminary trials have confirmed their efficacy either combined with or as add-on medication to PPIs in refractory patients.
Análisis estadístico de la información, como apoyo al reconocimiento fitosanitario
Authors: Angel Carlos Ariel , Tsubota Masanobu , Chaves Bernardo
Published: July 2022

En este capítulo se incluye la información concerniente al análisis estadístico de la información recopilada por los estudios de reconocimiento de enfermedades y plagas en Cattleyas colombianas. Se explican los aspectos metodológicos básicos y los respectivos resultados de los análisis efectuados en los procesos de diagnóstico de enfermedades y plagas.
NICER X-Ray Observations of Eta Carinae during Its Most Recent Periastron Passage
Authors: Espinoza-Galeas David , Corcoran M. F. , Hamaguchi K. , Russell C. M. P. , Gull T. R. , Moffat A. F. J. , Richardson N. D. , Weigelt G. , Hillier D. John , Damineli Augusto , Stevens Ian R. , Madura Thomas , Gendreau K. , Arzoumanian Z. , Navarete Felipe
Published: July 2022

We report high-precision X-ray monitoring observations in the 0.4–10 keV band of the luminous, long-period colliding wind binary Eta Carinae, up to and through its most recent X-ray minimum/periastron passage in 2020 February. Eta Carinae reached its observed maximum X-ray flux on 2020 January 7, at a flux level of 3.30 ×10−10 ergs s−1 cm−2, followed by a rapid plunge to its observed minimum flux, 0.03 × 10−10 ergs s−1 cm−2, near 2020 February 17. The NICER observations show an X-ray recovery from the minimum of only ∼16 days, the shortest X-ray minimum observed so far. We provide new constraints for the “deep” and “shallow” minimum intervals. Variations in the characteristic X-ray temperatures of the hottest observed X-ray emission indicate that the apex of the wind–wind “bow shock” enters the companion’s wind acceleration zone about 81 days before the start of the X-ray minimum. There is a steplike increase in column density just before the X-ray minimum, probably associated with the presence of dense clumps near the shock apex. During the recovery and after, the column density shows a smooth decline, which agrees with previous N

H
measurements made by Swift at the same orbital phase, indicating that the changes in the mass-loss rate are only a few percent over the two cycles. Finally, we use the variations in the X-ray flux of the outer ejecta seen by NICER to derive a kinetic X-ray luminosity of the ejecta of ∼1041 ergs s−1 near the time of the “Great Eruption.”