bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHARACTERISTICS OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND BEHAVIOR ABOUT HIV/AIDS IN INDONESIA 2017
Authors: Aprilla Gabe Gusmi
Published: July 2021

Background: According to the 2017 IDHS, in 2016 an estimated 620.000 thousand people were living with HIV AIDS (PLWHA), around 48.000 people with new HIV sufferers and about 38.000 deaths related to HIV/AIDS. Methods: This study used a review study and descriptive statistical analysis to know the description of the characteristics of Indonesian knowledge, attitudes and behavior about HIV/AIDS. The data source in this study is secondary data from the Demographic and Health Survey 2017. The data used are secondary data that has been analyzed univariately in the form of a percentage then reviewed with some research literature and then summarized into a series of information describing the characteristics of knowledge, attitudes and behavior about AIDS. Result: Percentage of married women and men who had heard about HIV/AIDS, respectively 82.4% (49.627 respondents) and 82.9% (10.009 respondents). As many as 79% of women refuse to have sexual relations with their husbands if they know that their husbands have had sex with other women and 75.1% ask their husbands to use condoms when having sex if they know that their husbands have an STI. As many as 85.1% of women and 85.7% of men have a discriminatory attitude towards people with HIV/AIDS. The behavior of married men who had paid for sexual intercourse 3.7%, who paid for sexual intercourse in the last 12 months was 0.9%. Based on the level of education and wealth of both women and men, the higher the level of education and wealth, the better the knowledge, attitudes and behavior will be. Based on sources of information about HIV/AIDS, both women and men get the most information from television. Recommendation: It is recommended that health workers be able to provide more education on HIV/AIDS with various methods of approach.
DESCRIPTION OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF POOR HOUSEHOLDS BENEFICLARIES FAMILY HOPE PROGRAM IN MEURAXA SUBDISTRICT, BANDA ACEH
Authors: Syahputra Fadli
Published: July 2021

Background: The lack of PKH Beneficiary Families (KPM) who participated in the health examination of pregnant women and toddlers as well as the lack of optimal implementation of education, and still low healthy lifestyle among the community tha causes vulnerable to various diseases, the ability of the community to carrying out daily activities, as well as the ease of access to information, etc. are some factors that affect the level of quality of life of PKH beneficiaries. This study aims to determine factors related to the quality of life of poor families of PKH beneficiaries. Methods: This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. The sample in the study was 73 respondents in KPM PKH in Meuraxa Subdistrict, Banda Aceh. Analyze data using univariate and Likert scales. Result: Research shows that respondents were predominantly primary education (72.6%), unemployed (58.9%), moderate income (52.1%), number of extended family members (68.5%), long receiving PKH benefits for 3 years (41.1%), ownership of small family assets (60.3%), and respondents with poor quality of life (58.9%). The domain image of physical health quality almost half had a good quality of life (47.6%), psychological domain mostly had a good quality of life (54.1%), the domain of social relations had half good quality of life (50.1%), and the environmental domains almost half have a good quality of life (46.2%). Recommendation: The government needs to intensify the family planning program, so that every household beneficiary of PKH can plan their household better, as well as conduct training and capital loan for small businesses in housewives that can later help the family economy so as to improve the quality of life of the beneficiaries poor of PKH.
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF FEMALE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN RELATION TO PERCEIVED PARENTING STYLES
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Singh Gurmit
Published: July 2021

The study was conducted to examine the emotional intelligence of female undergraduate students in relation to perceived parenting styles. The sample comprised of 64 female undergraduate students studying in a randomly selected (using lottery method) private degree college of Chandigarh affiliated to Panjab University. The data was collected using the Sevenfold Emotional Intelligence Scale by Kaur (2016) and Parenting Style Scale by Gupta and Mehtani (2017). There existed prevailing democratic parenting style as perceived by female undergraduate students. Significant differences were observed as higher emotional intelligence was witnessed among humanities as compared to commerce female undergraduate students. No significant correlation existed between emotional intelligence and all the parenting styles as perceived by female undergraduate students
DYNAMIC STOP LIST FOR THE GUJARATI LANGUAGE USING
RULE BASED APPROACH
Authors: Patel Chandrakant D. , Patel Jayeshkumar M.
Published: July 2021

Text classification, document cluster, and similar endeavors area unit important analysis
spaces underpinning a large vary of problems and applications within the area of internet
intelligence. A typical approach, once cluster or otherwise classifying documents
algorithmically, is to represent an online document as a vector of numbers derived from the
frequencies of words therein document, wherever the words area unit taken from the complete
assortment of documents into consideration. A tried approach is to use an inventory of “stop”
words (also known as a ‘stop list’), that establish frequent words like ‘and’ and ‘or’ which
might be unlikely to Words within the stop list area unit thus not enclosed within the vector
that represents a document. Current stop lists area unit arguably noncurrent within the lightweight of fluctuations in word usage, and conjointly arguably innocent of sure candidate
generic stop lists, thus delivery into question that we tend to explore this by developing new
stop lists in an exceedingly rule based method.
Why is Infertility So High Among Couples Nowadays?
Authors: HW Ling
Published: July 2021

Literature data have shown that infertility affects about 15% of couples, but according to the author’s experience, observing the changes in the energy characteristics of our population in recent years, very well documented in the article Energy Alterations and Chakras’ Energy Deficiencies and Propensity to SARS-CoV-2 Infection, where the author explains in a study that carried out between 2015 and 2020, studying the internal energy of 1000 patients, found that more than 90% of them are without energy in the internal organs, which in Chinese medicine, are responsible for the production of energy for health maintenance and also, among other functions, reproduction [1,2].
Chagas Disease and Primary Health Care in Brazil
Authors: RA Ferreira , LG Diotaiuti
Published: July 2021

Chagas disease is an important public health problem in various countries in Latin America [1] both due to the high number of people affected and the failure of endemic countries to adopt preventive and control measures, such that, today, it is one of the most neglected tropical diseases in the world, affecting about 6 to 7 million people [1].
How to Heal Patient with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: S Sadeghi
Published: July 2021

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has been defined as an inflammatory demyelinating condition afflicting more than 2.8 million people worldwide. Meta-regression analyses of studies on MS epidemiology since 1965 revealed an almost universal increase in prevalence and incidence of MS over time; and suggest a general increase in incidence of MS in females.
Inducible Atrial Fibrillation and Myocardial Ischemia in a Veteran Amateur Runner: An Anecdotal Case Report
Authors: M Bolognesi
Published: July 2021

Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Coronary artery disease frequently coexists with AF, and management of these associated conditions can be challenging. Endurance veteran athletes are a population at high risk to have episodes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Herewith the author describes an original case of induced atrial fibrillation and myocardial ischemia during an Ex-ECG stress test in a veteran amateur runner.
EVOLUÇÃO RECENTE DO MARKET SHARE DAS EXPORTAÇÕES
MINERAIS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Cardoso Daniel Monte
Published: July 2021

O Brasil é um dos principais exportadores de commodities agrícolas e mundiais e atualmente detém uma posição bastante importante no que se refere ao mercado internacional de bens minerais. Após o boom de commodities minerais (entre 2003 e 2013), o país ampliou sua produção em alguns segmentos (cobre, ouro, níquel, entre outros) e consolidou-se em segmentos mais tradicionais (minério de ferro). O artigo se propõe a analisar a evolução do market share e o do Índice de Vantagem Comparativa Revelada (IVCR) dos principais produtos de exportação mineral brasileiros entre 2015 e 2019, enfatizando a organização geográfica dos principais centros produtores.
A CRITERION UTILITY CONVERSION TECHNIQUE FOR PROBABILISTIC LINGUISTIC MULTIPLE CRITERIA ANALYSIS IN EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
Authors: Qin Rui , Liao Huchang , Jiang Lisheng
Published: July 2021

In multiple criteria decision making (MCDM), the even swaps method uses the relationships of criteria to make trade-offs but the burdens of experts are heavy; the linear programming technique for multidimensional analysis of preference (LINMAP) method cannot deal with the inter-dependencies among criteria but the cognitive burdens of experts are low. Taking the advantages of both these methods, this study proposes a criterion utility conversion (CUC) technique to solve probabilistic linguistic MCDM problems given that the probabilistic linguistic term set (PLTS) can reflect the psychology of experts when making evaluations. The utility conversion process is first proposed based on the marginal utilities of criteria. Then, the criterion preference ratios of experts are refined from the utility conversion process. Based on the criterion preference ratios and the operations of PLTSs, the adjusted probabilistic linguistic expected values of alternatives are calculated. The consistency and inconsistency indexes of alternatives and criteria are defined to set up the linear programming used to work out the criterion preference ratios. An illustration about the selection of emergency logistics supplier is given to validate the proposed method. The comparative analysis indicates the low cognitive burden, high stability, and strong applicability of the proposed method.
ALMA Host Galaxy Observation of the Off-axis Gamma-Ray Burst XRF 020903
Authors: Chen Jheng-Cyun , Urata Yuji , Huang Kuiyun
Published: July 2021

We investigated the radio properties of the host galaxy of X-ray flash, XRF 020903, which is the best example for investigating the off-axis origin of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Dust continuum at 233 GHz and CO are observed using the Atacama Large millimeter/submillimeter array. The molecular gas mass derived by applying the metallicity-dependent CO-to-H2 conversion factor matches the global trend along the redshift and stellar mass of the GRB host galaxies. The estimated gas depletion timescale (pertaining to the potential critical characteristics of GRB host galaxies) is equivalent to those of GRBs and super-luminous supernova hosts in the same redshift range. These properties of the XRF 020903 host galaxy observed in radio resemble those of GRB host galaxies, thereby supporting the identical origin of XRF 020903 and GRBs.
A Search for Rapid Mid-infrared Variability in Gamma-Ray-emitting Narrow-line Seyfert 1 Galaxies
Authors: Mao Lisheng , Yi Tingfeng
Published: July 2021

Fermi-LAT’s detection of γ-rays from narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) has received increasing attention. Understanding these γ-NLS1s is of interest because they have some properties similar to blazars, which are known to show rapid and large-amplitude variability. Based on the largest sample of γ-NLS1s (25 sources), we carried out a systematic search for rapid mid-infrared (MIR, 3.4 and 4.6 μm) variability using the multiepoch data of the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). We also compared a few variability properties between γ-NLS1s and γ-ray blazars. Our main results are as follows. (1) Thirteen γ-NLS1s showed significant (>3σ) rapid variability in at least one of the two MIR bands. The MIR emission of these sources is dominated by the synchrotron emission of relativistic electrons in the jet. (2) The γ-NLS1s with flat radio spectra are more variable than those not detected in γ-rays. (3) The γ-NLS1s tend to show smaller amplitude of variability as well as lower duty cycle relative to γ-ray blazars. (4) The γ-NLS1s tend to show a trend of bluer-when-brighter on both intraday and long timescales, similar to γ-ray blazars. (5) The γ-NLS1s that are more variable on long timescales have larger amplitudes of variability and higher duty cycles on intraday timescales. (6) In the majority of cases, the γ-NLS1s fall in the WISE Gamma-ray Blazar Strip (WGS). However, we noted migrations outside of the WGS due to significant variability.
Existe-t-il une biologie cellulaire des sons ? De « l’écoute » des plantes à l’acoustique cellulaire
Authors: Gallet Olivier
Published: July 2021

Et si les plantes pouvaient non seulement entendre, mais aussi et surtout écouter et différencier des sons pour les utiliser à bon escient dans leurs stratégies de développement et d’adaptation à leur environnement. Il y a quelques années de cela, un concours de circonstances m’a conduit à développer une recherche collaborative sur ce sujet souffrant indéniablement d’un certain scepticisme ambiant. En décryptant une revue bibliographique récente et pointue et en proposant un protocole rigoureux en triple aveugle et utilisant des concepts simples et éprouvés de biologie, nous avons montré qu’effectivement, des plantes peuvent reconnaître et utiliser des sons de façon très subtile pour moduler leur croissance en réponse à un stress environnemental, en l’occurrence un stress hydrique lié à la sécheresse.
Questions ouvertes sur les effets des ondes électromagnétiques et sonores sur la santé et l’environnement
Authors: Merckel Olivier
Published: July 2021

Les spectres électromagnétiques et sonores sont loin de constituer des entités homogènes, notamment en matière d’interactions entre les ondes et les êtres vivants. Si certaines gammes de fréquences font l’objet de recherches soutenues en matière d’effets éventuels sur la santé, par exemple dans les domaines des communications mobiles ou des fréquences audibles, d’autres restent largement inexplorées. Et, même pour les plus étudiées, l’accumulation des connaissances, qui ne met pas en évidence, à l’heure actuelle, d’impact majeur en matière de santé publique, laisse ouvertes un certain nombre de questions, par exemple concernant des hypothèses de mécanismes d’action liés aux modulations des signaux, à leur fréquence, à la possibilité d’effets sur l’activité cérébrale ou encore à des symptômes associés par certaines personnes à leur exposition aux ondes électromagnétiques ou acoustiques. L’effet de ces ondes sur l’environnement est par ailleurs, aujourd’hui encore, pratiquement inexploré.
Des innovations aux transferts cliniques et commerciaux : 100 ans après leur découverte, les ultrasons médicaux vivent leur seconde révolution
Authors: Attali David , Dizeux Alexandre , Aubry Jean-Francois
Published: July 2021

Depuis la découverte de l’effet piézoélectrique par Pierre et Jacques Curie, en 1880, la France n’a pas cessé d’être un acteur majeur dans les ultrasons. Cela est particulièrement vérifié au niveau des applications biomédicales des ultrasons : industriels et laboratoires de recherche sont à la pointe des développements les plus innovants dans le domaine des ultrasons diagnostiques (avec l’imagerie ultrarapide) et thérapeutiques (avec les ultrasons focalisés de forte intensité). Conforter et renforcer la filière des ultrasons biomédicaux en France s’avère crucial, alors que la palette des effets des ultrasons sur les tissus biologiques s’est élargie considérablement ces dix dernières années, allant de la délivrance localisée de médicaments jusqu’à l’immunothérapie, et que le domaine pourrait se trouver au cœur d’une révolution dans le monde des neurosciences, avec la possibilité non seulement d’imager mais également de moduler l’activité cérébrale par ultrasons transcrâniens.
Les ondes électromagnétiques en médecine : le cas des ondes millimétriques
Authors: Lebosq Morgane , Le Dréan Yves
Published: July 2021

L’idée d’utiliser les ondes électromagnétiques pour soigner est aussi ancienne que leur découverte. Mis à part la radiothérapie utilisant les rayonnements ionisants pour soigner les cancers, ces pistes de travail sont souvent restées marginales ; et la médecine occidentale s’est plutôt spécialisée dans l’emploi de drogues et de produits pharmacologiques. Depuis quelques décennies, le besoin de développer des méthodes alternatives a remis ces voies de recherche sur le devant de la scène et un certain nombre de pratiques sont maintenant utilisées dans le monde entier. Dans un premier temps, nous donnerons un aperçu des nombreuses applications qui jouent déjà un rôle clinique. Dans un second temps, nous présenterons le cas des ondes millimétriques, dont les applications médicales ont été développées de façon empirique dans les années 1970 en Europe de l’Est. Enfin, nous présenterons spécifiquement l’impact de ces ondes sur la sensation de douleur, un domaine qui a été étudié plus en détail par les scientifiques.
Maximal chain continuous factor
Authors: Kawaguchi Noriaki
Published: July 2021

For any continuous self-map of a compact metric space, we define, prove the existence, and give an explicit expression of a maximal chain continuous factor. For the purpose, we exploit a chain proximal relation and its extension. An example is given to illustrate a difference of the two relations. An alternative proof of a result on the odometers and the regular recurrence is given. Also, we provide an example of a calculation of the maximal chain continuous factor for generic homeomorphism of the Cantor set.
A true three-scroll chaotic attractor coined
Authors: Wang Haijun , Fan Hongdan , Pan Jun
Published: July 2021

Based on the method of compression and pull forming mechanism (CAP), the authors in a well-known paper proposed and analyzed the Lü-like system: \begin{document}$ \dot{x} = a(y - x) + dxz $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ \dot{y} = - xz + fy $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ \dot{z} = -ex^{2} + xy + cz $\end{document}, which was thought to display an interesting three-scroll chaotic attractors (called as Pan-A attractor) when \begin{document}$ (a, d, f, e, c) = (40, 0.5, 20, 0.65, \frac{5}{6}) $\end{document}. Unfortunately, by further analysis and Matlab simulation, we show that the Pan-A attractor found is actually a stable torus. Accordingly, we find a new true three-scroll chaotic attractor coexisting with a single saddle-node \begin{document}$ (0, 0, 0) $\end{document} for the case with \begin{document}$ (a, d, f, e, c) = (168, 0.4, 100, 0.70, 11) $\end{document}. Interestingly, the forming mechanism of singularly degenerate heteroclinic cycles of that system is bidirectional, rather than unilateral in the case of most other Lorenz-like systems. This further motivates us to revisit in detail its other complicated dynamical behaviors, i.e., the ultimate bound sets, the globally exponentially attractive sets, Hopf bifurcation, limit cycles coexisting attractors and so on. Numerical simulations not only are consistent with the results of theoretical analysis, but also illustrate that collapse of infinitely many singularly degenerate heteroclinic cycles and explosions of normally hyperbolic stable nodes or foci generate the aforementioned three-scroll attractor. In particular, four or two unstable limit cycles coexisting one chaotic attractor, the saddle \begin{document}$ E_{0} $\end{document} and the stable \begin{document}$ E_{\pm} $\end{document} are located in two globally exponentially attractive sets. These results together indicate that this system deserves further exploration in chaos-based applications.
The Lewy-Stampacchia inequality for the fractional Laplacian and its application to anomalous unidirectional diffusion equations
Authors: Kow Pu-Zhao , Kimura Masato
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we consider a Lewy-Stampacchia-type inequality for the fractional Laplacian on a bounded domain in Euclidean space. Using this inequality, we can show the well-posedness of fractional-type anomalous unidirectional diffusion equations. This study is an extension of the work by Akagi-Kimura (2019) for the standard Laplacian. However, there exist several difficulties due to the nonlocal feature of the fractional Laplacian. We overcome those difficulties employing the Caffarelli-Silvestre extension of the fractional Laplacian.
Questionner l’efficacité de la gouvernance d’une AMP : le cas de Natura 2000 en mer
Authors: Beuret Jean-Eudes , Martel Ludovic , Cadoret Anne , Chlous Frédérique , Delannoy Julie , Lesueur Marie , Noirot Christelle , Rey-Valette Hélène , Ritschard Lucille , Sauboua Paul
Published: July 2021

Nous nous intéressons ici à la gouvernance d’une catégorie d’aires marines protégées, Natura 2000 en mer, et aux déterminants de l’efficacité de la gouvernance des sites. Après avoir constitué une base de données portant sur 158 sites localisés en France métropolitaine, un échantillon de 20 sites a été l’objet d’une analyse comparative par études de cas. Nous constatons d’abord qu’un même cadre standard est décliné, en réalité, de façons différentes selon les façades, régions et sites. La diversité des situations de gouvernance est déchiffrée à partir de l’identification de quatre facteurs discriminants : l’enchevêtrement (ou non) du site dans un autre dispositif de gestion territoriale, les temporalités de la gouvernance (en amont ou en aval du document d’objectifs), les proximités locales (préexistantes ou à créer), la situation géographique du site (côtier ou au large). L’analyse porte ensuite sur ce que produit la gouvernance, selon ses caractéristiques, avec différents types de plus-values (effets directs et effets-rebonds, ressources, actions et coordinations) qui ne se révèlent effectives que sous certaines conditions. Les facteurs qui fondent l’efficacité et la qualité de la gouvernance sont finalement caractérisés, au regard des objectifs du dispositif et différentes pistes d’amélioration en sont déduites.
Impact des laisses végétales sur la dynamique des plages sableuses, Martinique, Petites Antilles
Authors: Dolique Franck , Sédrati Mouncef , Josso Quentin
Published: July 2021

Les plages des Antilles sont régulièrement concernées par des échouages de laisses de mer végétales (algues, phanérogames…) qui viennent se mélanger en haut de plage au sable, au bois mort et autres déchets d’origine anthropique. Cette situation est renforcée depuis 2011 par de massifs échouages d’algues sargasses, qui réduisent significativement l’accès à la mer et produisent des émanations de gaz nocifs. Cette situation est préjudiciable pour l’économie des îles antillaises lourdement dépendantes du tourisme. Ces dépôts jouent également un rôle complexe sur la dynamique sédimentaire des plages par des facteurs de piégeage ou, à l’inverse, de remobilisation des sables. Les laisses végétales sont-elles des facteurs de renforcement de l’érosion des plages ou contribuent-elles, au contraire, à leur engraissement? Quels sont les impacts des ramassages manuels ou mécaniques de ces laisses sur le bilan sédimentaire et la dynamique des plages? Pour tenter de répondre à ces questions, une expérimentation in-situ a été réalisée sur les plages de l’Anse Caffard (Le Diamant) et l’Anse au Bois (Ste Anne) en Martinique. La plage de poche de l’Anse au Bois a été divisée en trois tronçons. Un premier, concerné par un ramassage total des laisses ; un second avec un épandage des échouages végétaux ; un troisième à l’état naturel, sans ramassage. Des mesures topographiques et hydrodynamiques ont été réalisées sur les trois secteurs afin de caractériser la réaction sédimentaire de la plage face à ces trois méthodes de gestion des échouages. Des mesures ont également été réalisées sur la plage de l’Anse Cafard, concernée par un ramassage mécanique. Ces expérimentations montrent des tendances morphodynamiques qu’il sera nécessaire de prendre en compte dans le cadre de la gestion des crises d’échouages d’algues sargasses.
Autocueillette durable et sécuritaire de moules bleues du Saint-Laurent en collaboration avec les Wolastoqiyik Wahsipekuk (Québec, Canada)
Authors: Lefebvre Marie-Claude , Archambault Philippe , Truchon-Savard Alexandre , Weiner Guy-Pascal , Grant Cindy , Hennigs Rebecca , Desmarais-Lacourse Isadora , Lemire Mélanie
Published: July 2021

Les membres de la Première Nation Wolastoqiyik Wahsipekuk basée à Cacouna aimeraient pouvoir cueillir et consommer les moules bleues présentes en abondance sur les rives de l’estuaire du Saint-Laurent dans leur territoire ancestral. Cependant, les lois fédérales communiquées par des affiches de Pêches et Océans Canada en interdisent la cueillette. Un projet pilote a alors été créé entre la Première Nation et le collectif Manger notre Saint-Laurent pour les accompagner dans la réouverture d’un secteur d’autocueillette de moules bleues de manière durable et sécuritaire. Les objectifs étaient d’identifier les enjeux associés à la cueillette de moules dans la documentation scientifique et de co-développer un arbre décisionnel permettant de guider la Première Nation dans l’éventuelle réouverture d’un secteur coquillier. Selon les résultats, la cueillette de moules peut être compromise par des enjeux de conservation de la ressource et/ou de salubrité. Pour que la cueillette soit durable et sécuritaire, il importe de valider que la ressource soit assez abondante et productive (biomasse, densité, taux de productivité) pour assurer la durabilité de la ressource malgré la cueillette, de vérifier la proximité de certaines installations humaines pour réduire les risques de contamination, puis de surveiller certains contaminants (coliformes fécaux, biotoxines marines) pour assurer la sécurité de la cueillette. Une fois ces étapes complétées, un secteur peut être ouvert à la cueillette en communiquant les règlements et les bonnes pratiques de l’autocueillette (taille minimale de cueillette, quotas quotidiens, etc.) pour contribuer à la durabilité de l’autocueillette. Lorsque l’autocueillette de moules bleues est pratiquée de manière durable et sécuritaire, elle permet de rapprocher les membres des communautés des ressources alimentaires du fleuve Saint-Laurent (province de Québec, Canada).
Les milieux humides dans le paysage des Petites Antilles : étude des mares de la Martinique
Authors: Major Peguy , Claude Jean-Philippe
Published: July 2021

Les types de milieux humides notamment les mares constituent des biotopes aquatiques essentiels dans le paysage de la Martinique. Elles sont caractérisées par la présence permanente ou temporaire, à très faible profondeur, d’eau douce par la prépondérance d’une phytocénose hygrophile et par l’existence d’un sol hydromorphe. L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier ces écosystèmes lentiques d’un point de vue hydrogéomorphologique et floristique. Nous avons inventorié vingt-trois mares. Puis, nous avons établi une première classification qui a abouti à distinguer les mares forestières des mares de savane. Ensuite, nous avons recensé sept espèces hydrophytes et un hélophyte.
Perception et stratégies d’adaptation aux incertitudes climatiques par les exploitants agricoles des zones marécageuses au Sud-Kivu
Authors: Mushagalusa Balasha Arsène , Kitsali Katungo Jean-Hélène , Murhula Balasha Benjamin , Hwali Masheka Lebon , Bitagirwa Ndele Aloïse , Cirhuza  Volonté , Assumani Buhendwa Jean -Baptiste , Akilimali Innocent , Cubaka Nicanor , Bismwa Benoît
Published: July 2021

La vulnérabilité de l’agriculture familiale au changement climatique ressort de sa dépendance directe des facteurs climatiques (précipitations, températures, rayonnement solaire). En RD Congo où 3/4 de la population vit de ce type d’agriculture, les effets combinés du changement climatique et de COVID-19 sont venus s’ajouter aux problèmes structurels existants (exemple : insécurité persistante, routes de desserte agricole impraticables) pour aggraver les menaces sur les moyens d’existence des ménages ruraux et périurbains. Les entretiens directs avec 148 agriculteurs des zones marécageuses du Sud-Kivu ont permis de comprendre que la perturbation des paramètres climatiques bouleverse les connaissances endogènes des agriculteurs du climat. Ces derniers observent des pluies abondantes de courte durée (76 %), des températures à tendance montante et une saison sèche relativement longue. Les résultats obtenus par la régression logistique indiquent que l’apparition de nouveaux bioagresseurs et l’irrégularité des pluies renforcent significativement la conviction des agriculteurs du changement climatique dans leur milieu. Ce changement s’accompagne d’effets négatifs (la perte de la fertilité des sols, la chute des rendements, la perte des récoltes et les inondations) qui suscitent d’importantes préoccupations des agriculteurs. Leurs stratégies d’adaptation comprennent le curage des cours d’eau, le paillage et l’usage des matières organiques, la diversification des cultures et l’usage des pesticides devenu l’option privilégiée pour contrôler les ravageurs. Les résultats de ce travail peuvent orienter les pouvoirs publics ainsi que les acteurs du développement agricole à définir un programme de renforcement des capacités d’adaptation au changement climatique en formulant de nouvelles stratégies basées sur les savoirs endogènes existants.
Entre sentiment de responsabilité et aversion pour l’arbre : les bandes riveraines vues par les agriculteurs
Authors: Ruiz Julie , Dumont Aurélie , Maurice Marie-Pierre , Campeau Stéphane
Published: July 2021

Dans le contexte québécois où le respect réglementaire des bandes riveraines est controversé et où l’aménagement de bandes riveraines élargies reste difficile, cette recherche propose une analyse approfondie des attitudes des agriculteurs. Elle se penche sur les composantes affectives, cognitives et comportementales des attitudes pour interroger à la fois le respect réglementaire des bandes riveraines et l’intérêt des producteurs pour plusieurs types de bandes riveraines élargies : cultivée en foin, arbustive, arborée. Elle prend appui sur des entretiens semi-dirigés auprès de 26 producteurs d’un secteur d’agriculture intensive du sud de la province. L’analyse met tout d’abord en évidence que la notion même de bande riveraine renvoie à des sentiments positifs pour certains et négatifs pour d’autres, et ce, même si leurs bénéfices environnementaux sont connus. La connaissance des bénéfices des bandes riveraines n’est donc pas le seul facteur qui agit sur les comportements. Les bandes riveraines réglementaires apparaissent de plus en plus acceptées surtout comme une responsabilité personnelle, morale et sociale. Quant aux bandes riveraines élargies, elles ne semblent envisageables que sans arbre et à des endroits où des problèmes particuliers affectent la conservation des sols. Compte tenu du rôle de certaines normes sociales, l’analyse suggère que la mise en place de dynamiques locales d’apprentissage en groupe réunissant les pairs est une voie pour l’implantation de bandes riveraines.
Palliation in Coronavirus Disease-19
Authors: Banait Shashank , Salunkhe Preetam , Roy Supratim , Jain Jyoti
Published: July 2021

The current coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has triggered intense suffering by causing physical illness, social distancing, stress, anxiety, financial concerns, social variability, and death. The imbalance between the increasing number of cases and the availability of infrastructure, trained personnel, oxygen, and drugs, are further adding to the crisis. The response to the pandemic requires mitigation of suffering in forms. One of the needs of the hour is providing effective and safe palliative care and end-of-life care to mitigate suffering. A vast majority of COVID patients are dying with an unmet need of palliation therapy. Palliative care is an approach that improves the quality of life of patients through the relief of suffering, so this is one of the fundamentals of COVID-19 treatment beyond the use of ventilators. The purpose of this article is to review the recent guidelines of palliative care in COVID-19 patients, to help healthcare workers know how to apply the principles of palliative care in the pandemic scenario, to foster good end-of-life care. India is currently fighting to ebb the second wave of the pandemic, and this article will provide inputs for the government to make triage decisions and policies in view of the paucity of resources. Various aspects of palliation in COVID-19, including recent guidelines, planning, triage, management, communication skills, and necessary decision-making for the health care worker and end-of-life care in the Indian scenario are highlighted in this review.
Vitamin D Toxicity Presenting as Quadriparesis
Authors: Patil Priya , Kumar Kanishka , Aghrahari Navneet , Jayaraman Harini
Published: July 2021

Vitamin D usage is becoming more and more common in the world with newer roles ascribed to it. The side effects of inadvertent overdose have been documented. Here, we present a case of Vitamin D toxicity who presented uniquely with quadriparesis.
Need for Abundant Caution in Prophylactic Application of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine for Viral Infections Including COVID-19
Authors: Singh Ritesh
Published: July 2021

Significant interest in the application of chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 has been recently reported throughout the world. In the light of this, it has become important to revisit the mechanisms of action, as well as clinical evidence for the efficacy of CQ and HCQ in similar viral infections. We note that while some evidence exists for therapeutic efficacy of CQ and HCQ in mitigating morbidities associated with virus-induced inflammation and immunohyperactivity, abundant caution is necessary for expecting prophylactic efficacy in the light of therapeutic evidence. In particular, we intend to draw urgent attention to the fact that the same immunosuppresive and immunomodulatory properties of CQ and HCQ which render them useful as therapeutic agents in viral pneumonia and cytokine storm syndrome are also expected to make them dangerous prophylactic agents against viral infections. We also intend to draw attention to some other potential concerns associated with widespread prophylactic usage of CQ and HCQ.
Change in Periodontal Status, Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Following Video-Based Counseling
Authors: Shivaranjani K. , Pratebha B. , Muthu Jananni , Saravanakumar R. , Karthikeyan I.
Published: July 2021

Background:

Periodontal disease is one among the most common oral health problems which are prevalent among the adult population throughout the world. There is a notable lack of awareness related to oral hygiene-related practice among transgenders, a vulnerable group of population who face social stigma.

Materials and Methods:

156 participants comprising 52 each of transgenders (Group T), males (Group M,) and females (Group F) were recruited. The oral health-related knowledge, attitude, and practices were estimated by means of a prevalidated questionnaire. The periodontal status, in terms of modified gingival index (MGI) and modified Community Periodontal Index (M-CPI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL), was estimated pre- and post-video counseling. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to compare scores.

Results:

The MGI scores were comparatively higher among Group T when compared to groups M and F before (1.72 ± 0.8) and after (0.93 ± 0.9) the video intervention (P < 0.005). The bleeding component of M-CPI, was highest in group F (23.35), followed by group T (21.8) and group M (19.71). The CAL comparisons were in the order of M > T > F while PPD followed F > T > M.

Conclusion:

The periodontal disease was marginally high among females, while the oral hygiene-related knowledge, attitude, and practices were observed to be poor among them. Video-based education improved the periodontal status, oral hygiene related knowledge, attitude, and practices of all male, female, and transgender populations.
Quality of Life and Its Determinants among Sewage Workers
Authors: Madhumithra D , Saya Ganesh Kumar , Olickal Jeby Jose , Kanungo Srikanta , Chinnakali Palanivel
Published: July 2021

Background:

There is a paucity of information on sewage worker's quality of life (QoL). Hence, we aimed to assess the QoL and its associated factors among sewage workers in Puducherry, coastal south India.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 210 sewage workers were included in the study. QoL was assessed using a validated Tamil version of WHO QoL-BREF. The association of QoL with age, educational status, residence area, self-reported chronic illness, use of protective measures, tobacco and alcohol use was assessed by univariate analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the independent factors associated with QoL.

Results:

Overall mean (standard deviation) score of QoL was 56.9 (9); mean score of social relationship domain was comparatively lower than physical, psychological and environmental domains. Current tobacco and alcohol uses were 17% and 67%, respectively, while alcohol use during work (entering sump) was 5%. At least one morbidity was present among 94 (45%) subjects. About half (47%) used at least one protective measure while entering the drainage sump. Age group above 50 years, below primary level education, presence of chronic illness, smokers and alcohol users had significantly lower QoL score.

Conclusions:

Social relationships' domain of QoL was very low among sewage workers. The majority of them do not use any personal protective devices and almost half had chronic illnesses.
Volunteering During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Adejimi Adebola Afolake , Odugbemi Babatunde Adeniran , Odukoya Oluwakemi Ololade , Okunade Kehinde Sharafadeen , Taiwo Aminah Oluwatamilore , Osibogun Akin
Published: July 2021

Background:

Volunteering within the health-care sector is crucial during pandemics. This study aimed to assess the attitudes and perceptions of clinical medical and dental students in Lagos, Nigeria, about volunteering during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted amongst medical and dental students undergoing clinical postings at the two public universities in Lagos, Nigeria, using total population sampling. Data were collected using a web-based questionnaire and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to test for association at the level of significance of 5%.

Results:

The mean age of the respondents was 23.3 years ± 2.6 standard deviation and 62.5% were females. The majority (82.9%) of the respondents agreed to volunteer if provided with adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) and if adequately trained to do so (79.3%). Although perceived as dangerous, the majority (91.2%) of the respondents considered volunteering during the COVID-19 pandemic as a form of educational experience. Compared to the final-year students, penultimate year students were more likely to volunteer in the event of a health manpower shortage. The final-year students were more likely to volunteer if government made the request. Female students were more likely than male students to volunteer even if they were not compensated but would require parental approval.

Conclusion:

Medical and dental students perceived their involvement during the COVID-19 pandemic as a form of educational experience but would require adequate training and PPE. There is a need to train and provide adequate PPE for them to function as volunteers.
Clinical performance of a direct submicron hybrid and indirect zirconium reinforced composite restorations
Authors: Vishwanath Vijetha , Rao Murali H. , Keshava Prasad B. S.
Published: July 2021

Objective:

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of direct and indirect composite resin restorations placed in posterior teeth after 2 years.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 60 teeth were restored with a direct composite resin (BRILLIANT EverGlowTM– Coltene) and an indirect composite resin (CeramageTM– Shofu). All restorations were assessed using the Modified United States Public Health Service criteria at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, and 24 months after placement. Statistical analysis was performed with Chi-Square test and Cochran's Q test.

Results:

At the 2-year evaluation, all restorations were retained, with Alpha ratings at 100%. Only two teeth (in the direct restoration group) required endodontic intervention after 18 months due to secondary caries. Surface texture, marginal discoloration, and marginal integrity were predominantly scored as Alpha after 2 years for both groups. Color match was scored as Alpha in 65.4% of direct restorations and 84.4% of indirect restorations.

Conclusion:

Within the limitations of this study it can be concluded that the clinical performance of the indirect restorations was much improved than that of direct restorations.
Evaluation of vertical magnification coefficients of potential dental implant site in cone-beam computed tomography images
Authors: Çetin Bilgün , Akgünlü Faruk
Published: July 2021

Purpose:

This study aimed to investigate whether the vertical magnification coefficient (MC) changes with errors in head positioning in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), which is increasingly used for measurements in implantology.

Materials and Methods:

CBCT images were obtained in 15 different positions (5° in one or two planes) with the help of a positioner that allowed angular movement in coronal, sagittal, and horizontal planes, using a dry skull, in which three steel spheres were placed in the alveolar bone of each tooth region. An observer measured the vertical dimensions of the spheres in the images twice. Vertical MCs were calculated by dividing the measurements by the real diameter lengths of the spheres. The inter-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to compare the measurements repeated twice. Moreover, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Levene, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal–Wallis and least significant difference, Tukey, and Tammhane binary comparison tests were performed in the statistical analysis.

Results:

A total of 1260 measurement values were used. There was high reliability between the first and second measurement values (ICC = 0.986). The measurements in the images taken in the ideal position were quite close to the physical size. A statistically significant difference was found between the ideal position and the images taken in other positions. The most affected regions by the different positions were the anterior regions for both jaws.

Conclusions:

Vertical measurements in CBCT images are reliable; however, especially in the anterior regions, such measurements can vary significantly with errors in positioning of patients' heads.
Literature review on rotary endodontics in primary teeth
Authors: Parimala Kulkarni , Singh Thakur Nidhi , Shilpi Tiwari , Barkha Chhattani
Published: July 2021

Primary teeth retention is of utmost importance till the occurrence of the physiological exfoliation. One of the most eminent ways of preserving a necrotic primary teeth is by performing the pulpectomy procedure. The biomechanical preparation of the canal has got a crucial role in the pulpectomy procedure. Manual method is considered to be the standard method of biomechanical preparation but still has certain drawbacks which lead to introduction of rotary instrumentation as this method is more viable and less time consuming. However, the application of rotary instrumentation technique in the pediatric dentistry is not extensive due to limited information regarding the usage of the technique in the field of pediatric dentistry. The present review focuses on rotary instrumentation and various rotary systems and their application in the pediatric dentistry.
Assessing nonabrasive use of charcoal and its adsorptive microbial properties as a dentifrice
Authors: Chhaliyil Pranav , Schoel Bernd , Chhalliyil Pradheep
Published: July 2021

Background:

Root caries and teeth sensitivity are the two most common clinical conditions resulting from poor oral hygiene and incorrect use of dental cleaning aids and methodology.

Aim:

This study is to evaluate the safe nonabrasive use of charcoal as dentifrice along with its adsorptive properties on salivary bacteria, yeast, and polysaccharides in biofilm matrix.

Materials and Methods:

The Mohs Scale of Mineral Hardness was used to evaluate abrasiveness of charcoal by investigating the scratches it produces on rubbing steel, copper, and nickel plates. The adsorptive ability of charcoal to bind bacteria was measured using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Efficiency to bind polysaccharides by charcoal was performed by the spectrophotometric analysis.

Results:

The Mohs hardness test showed that charcoal caused less scratches on nickel plates. As nickel plates have a lower hardness index than enamel, this indicates that charcoal might not be significantly abrasive to enamel. Some toothpaste caused scratches on the nickel plates. The benefits of adsorptive nature of charcoal in normal oral hygiene procedure exceed possible side effects by far. Activated charcoal can be used as a safe dentifrice if used in nanometer sized powder form causing minimum abrasion and it can still disturb biofilm formation by adsorbing microbes, biomolecules, acids, and therefore, offer protection to enamel and helps in the prevention of caries.

Conclusion:

Using finely powdered charcoal with “Gum and teeth rubbing with Index Finger, followed by Tongue cleaning” (GIFT) method is nonabrasive and so safe like other commercial toothbrushes and toothpastes. Further studies investigating the safe use of charcoal are recommended.
Completion versus removal of redundancy by perturbation
Authors: Christensen Ole , Hasannasab Marzieh
Published: July 2021

A sequence
$\left \{g_k\right \}_{k=1}^{\infty }$
in a Hilbert space
${\cal H}$
has the expansion property if each
$f\in \overline {\text {span}} \left \{g_k\right \}_{k=1}^{\infty }$
has a representation
$f=\sum _{k=1}^{\infty } c_k g_k$
for some scalar coefficients
$c_k.$
In this paper, we analyze the question whether there exist small norm-perturbations of
$\left \{g_k\right \}_{k=1}^{\infty }$
which allow to represent all
$f\in {\cal H};$
the answer turns out to be yes for frame sequences and Riesz sequences, but no for general basic sequences. The insight gained from the analysis is used to address a somewhat dual question, namely, whether it is possible to remove redundancy from a sequence with the expansion property via small norm-perturbations; we prove that the answer is yes for frames
$\left \{g_k\right \}_{k=1}^{\infty }$
such that
$g_k\to 0$
as
$k\to \infty ,$
as well as for frames with finite excess. This particular question is motivated by recent progress in dynamical sampling.