bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QOZOQ, TURK VA O‘ZBEK TILLARIDA “KO‘K YADROLI BIRLIKLARNING SEMANTIKASI
Authors: Saodat ISRAILOVA
Published: June 2024

Jamiyat rivojlanishining qizg‘in pallasiga kirgani sari tilimizda o‘ziga xos taraqqiyot yuz berishi tabiiydir. Binobarin, tildagi so‘zlarning shakl va ma’no jihatdan taraqqiy etishi ulardagi ushbu munosabatlarni kengroq tadqiq etishni taqozo etadi. So‘zlarning o‘zaro shakl va ma’no munosabatlari turlicha. Ayrim so‘zlar shaklan har xil, lekin ma’no jihatidan bir-biriga yaqin bo‘lsa, boshqalari shaklan bir xil, ammo ma’nolari turli xil, ba’zilari esa bir-biriga qarama-qarshi so‘zlar ham bo‘lishi mumkin. Semantik paradigma ma’no shakllanish jarayoni haqida ma’lum ilmiy tasavvur beradi. “Ko‘k” leksemasi ishtirokidagi iboralar tahlilini leksemaning semantik imkoniyatlarini unga yondosh, u bilan bog‘langan boshqa birliklar semantikasi orqali ochib berishga harakat qilamiz.
TUGALLANGANLIKNING GRAMMATIK KO‘RSATKICHLARI
Authors: Manuchehr SALOXIDDINOV
Published: June 2024

Ushbu maqolada perfekt grammatik kategoriyasi ifodalaydigan semantik xususiyatlar, fe'lning leksik-semantik guruhlarini ushbu shakldagi ma'nolari qiyosiy o‘rganilmaganligi, konseptual mohiyati va muloqot jarayonidagi pragmatik ifodasi tahlili ko’rib chiqildi. Tugallanganlik hodisalarni farqlashda holat va harakat semantikasi misollar vositasida atroflicha tadbiq etildi. Shuningdek, tugallanganlik mazmunan turli voqea-hodisalarning yakuniy fazasi, natijasi, transformativ vaziyatlarda semantik voqelanishi muhokama etiladi.
TILSHUNOSLIKDA INTERFERENSIYA HODISASI VA UNING SHAKLLANISHI HAQIDA OLIMLARNING QARASHLARI
Authors: Nodira SAFAROVA
Published: June 2024

Maqolada interferensiya hodisasining paydo bo‘lish tarixi va uning shakllanishiga turtki bo‘lgan omillar haqida fikr yuritiladi. Interferensiyaning turlari va ularni keltirib chiqaradigan faktorlar tahlil qilinadi.
XORAZM VILOYATI AGROTSENOZLARIDA VA TABIIY EKOTIZIMLARDA UCHRAYDIGAN BEDA QANDALASINING (ADELPHOCORIS LINEOLATUS GOEZE) FAUNASI, BIOLOGIYSI, TARQALISHI VA EKOLOGIYASI
Authors: Adamboy BALTABAYEV
Published: June 2024

Ushbu maqolada Xorazm viloyati agrotsenozlarida va tabiiy ekotizmlarida uchraydigan beda qandalasining faunasi, biologiysi va ekologiyasi haqida ma’lumot berildi. Ular qishloq xo’jalik ekinlari bo’lgan go’za, beda va sabzavot agrobiosenozlarida hamda tabiiy ekotizmlarida uchraydigan fitofag qandalalar bo’lib katta zarar keltiradi. Bu tur fitofag hisoblanib go’za, beda, makkajo’xori, sabzi, lavlagi, kabi o’simliklarni barg bandi, bargdan o’sish nuqtasidan, mevasidan sanchib so’rib oziqlanadi. Agrotsenozlarida va tabiiy ekotizimlarda uchraydigan beda qandalasining oziqlanadigan o’simliklari ilmiy asosda tadqiqot qilindi. Beda qandalasining morfologiyasi, biologiyasi va klassifikatsiyasi berilgan.
KO‘P YILLAR DAVOMIDA MINERAL VA ORGANIK O‘G‘ITLARNI QO‘LLASHNING SUG‘ORILADIGAN TIPIK BO‘Z TUPROQLARNING AGROKIMYOVIY XOSSALARI VA FOSFORLI HOLATIGA TA’SIRI
Authors: Abdunabi BOIROV  , Shuxrat JURAYEV  , Otabek XOLMATOV
Published: June 2024

Maqolada Paxtachilik instituti tomonidan sug‘oriladigan tipik bo‘z tuproqlarda 1926 yilda qo‘yilgan ko‘p yillik tajribada mineral o‘g‘itlar va go‘ngining tuproqning agrokimyoviy xossalariga hamda fosforning noorganik va organik shakllardagi labil, o‘rtacha labil va stabil fraksiyalari miqdorlariga ta’sirini ko‘rsatuvchi ma’lumotlar keltirilgan. Tadqiqotlarda umumqabul qilingan kimyoviy tahlillar usullari hamda tuproq noorganik va organik fosfatlarining fraksiyaviy tarkibini aniqlash imkoniyatini beruvchi Hedley usuli qo‘llanildi. Tadqiqot natijalari ko‘rsatishicha tajribaning 96 yilida (1926-2022 yy.) mineral o‘g‘itlar (N250P175K125kg/ga) va 30 t/ga go‘ng+25 kg/ga P2O5 variantlari tuprog‘ida gumus, azot, fosfor va kaliy miqdorlari nazoratga nisbatan sezilarli darajada ko‘paygan. Shu bilan birga tuproq singdirish sig‘imi oshishi va singdirilgan asoslar tarkibida kalsiy va kaliy miqdorlarining ko‘payishi aniqlandi. Mineral o‘g‘itlar, ayniqsa go‘ng ta’sirida tuproq umumiy fosfori tarkibida organik fosforning ulushi oshgan. Bunda, noorganik va organik fosforning barcha fraksiyalari, ayniqsa labil fraksiyalari miqdori ko‘payishi kuzatildi.
BIR YILLIK YUMSHOQ BUG‘DOY NAV NAMUNALARINI KO‘P YILLIK BUG‘DOY NAMUNALARI BILAN DURAGAYLASHDAN OLINGAN NATIJALAR
Authors: Otabek GULBOEV  , Amir AMANOV
Published: June 2024

Maqolada Lalmikor dehqonchilik ilmiy-tadqiqot institutining Baxmal ilmiy-tajriba stansiyasida bug‘doyning yangi shakllarini yaratish maqsadida olib borilgan duragaylash ishlaridan olingan ilmiy tadqiqot natijalari keltirilgan. 2023 yilda bir yillik yumshoq bug‘doy nav namunalari ko‘p yillik bug‘doy namunalari bilan 50 ta kombinatsiyada oddiy chatishtirish ishlari amalga oshirildi. Chatishtirish ishlari natijasida don olingan kombinatsiyalar soni 42 tani tashkil etdi. Chatishtirishdan olingan F0 duragaylarida yuqori don hosil bo‘lish ko‘rsatkichlarining tahlil natijalari bayon etilgan.
РОЛЬ ШТАММОВ PRIESTIA MEGATERIUM И PANATOEA AGGLOMERANS В КОРНЕВОМ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ ЧЕНЕНКОВ РАСТЕНИЙ VITIS VENEFERA
Authors: Бахора ЖАЛОЛОВА  , Ситора САМАДИЙ  , Сохибжон АБДУСАМАТОВ  , Хилола ГАФФАРОВА  , Бахора ТЎРАЕВА
Published: June 2024

Было обнаружено, что штаммы Priestia megaterium и Panatoea agglomerans укореняются и развивают вегетативные органы на черенках Vitis venefera. Эти два штамма разводили в разных концентрациях и наблюдали образование корней на растении виноградной лозы в течение 40 дней. При корнеобразовании черенков количество корней составляло 25% по сравнению с контролем в бактериальной суспензии в концентрации 1/10. В разведенной в соотношении 1/50 суспензии наблюдалось 70% количества корней и развития вегетативных органов. Показано, что количество корней в суспензии с соотношением 1/100 составляет 100 %, изучен и проанализирован рост дополнительных боковых корней, листовых пластин и побегов на черенках винограда.
O‘ZBEKISTON MILLIY GERBARIYSI (TASH) NOYOB ILMIY OB’EKT SIFATIIDA SAQLANAYOTGAN ERYGINUM L. TURKUMI INVENTARIZATSIYASI NATIJALARI
Authors: Marhamat MATVAFAYEVA  , Oybek MAMARAXIMOV
Published: June 2024

Mazkur maqolada O‘zbekiston Milliy gerbariysida (TASH) noyob ob’ekti sifatida saqlanayotgan Eryngium L. turkumiga mansub bo‘lgan turlarning gerbariy namunalarining inventarizatsiyasi bo‘yicha natijalari keltirilgan. Olib borilgan inventarizatsiya natijalariga ko‘ra Eryngium L. turkumining 11 turga mansub 368 dona gerbariy namunasi mavjudligi aniqlandi. Ushbu turkumning gerbariy namunalari orasida O‘zbekiston florasining endemi hisoblangan Eryngium octophyllum Korovin turning 11 dona gerbariysi borligi ma’lum bo‘ldi.
SUG‘ORILADIGAN YERLARIDA HOSIL BO‘LGAN KOLLEKTOR-ZOVUR SUVLARNING MIQDORI VA SIFAT O‘ZGARISHLARINI ANIQLASH HAMDA BAHOLASH (JIZZAX VILOYATI MISOLIDA)
Authors: Jasurbek MIRZAEV
Published: June 2024

Kollektor-zovur suvlari mintaqada ochiq suv havzalarini ifloslantiruvchi asosiy manba hisoblanadi. Jizzax viloyati sug‘oriladigan yerlarida hosil bo‘lgan kollektor-zovur suvlarning ko‘p yillik miqdor va sifat o‘zgarishlari aniqlangan va baholangan.
BAZI DORIVOR O’SIMLIKLARNING ANTIDIABETIK VA YALLIG’LANISHGA QARSHI FAOLLIKLARINI BAHOLASH
Authors: Iqbol MUXAMMEDOV  , Muhayyoxon MAHAMMADJONOVA  , Muxlisa ABDULATIBOVA  , Sarvinoz TURDIMUHAMMADOVA  , Munisa MIRODILOVA
Published: June 2024

Dorivor xususiyatlari noma'lum bo'lgan mahalliy o'simliklarning oshqozon osti bezi α-amilaza ingibitorlari sifatida foydalanish imkoniyatlari o'rganib chiqildi. Tanlab olingan 8 ta o’simliklar orasidan isiriq, moychechak va mavraklarni (mos ravshda 80%, 77% va 72%) etanol ekstraktlarining 100 mg/ml kontsentrasiyasi yuqori ingibitor faollikka ega ekanligi aniqlandi. Diabet kasalligini davolashda ishlatiladigan preparatlarning yallig’lanishga qarshi xususiyatining bo'lishi diabet bilan bog'liq asoratlarni kamaytirishda samarali vosita bo'lishi mumkinligi isbotlangan. Shunga ko'ra, isiriq, moychechak va mavrak o’simliklarining etanol ekstraktlari yallig’lanishga qarshi xususiyatlari o'rganildi. Ushbu o’simliklar ekstraktlari issiqlik bilan induktsiya qilingan qizil qon hujayralari membranasini barqarorlashtirdi. Bunda isiriq 82%, moychechak 79% va mavrak 85% yallig’lanishga qarshi faollikni ko'rsatdi. Shunga ko'ra bu o’simliklarning ekstraktlari 2-toifa diabetni davolashda istiqbollidir.
POLIETILENNI SAMARALI PARCHALASH UCHUN PETaza FERMENTINI ESCHERICHIA COLI BAKTERIYASIDA EXSPRESSIYALASH
Authors: Muhammad Latif  NAZIROV  , Ilxom XALILOV,  , Fazliddin QOBILOV,
Published: June 2024

Plastik ifloslanish, birinchi navbatda, polietilen tereftalat (PET) plastmassalari bilan bog'liq bo'lib, jiddiy global ekologik inqirozga aylandi. Bakteriyaning Ideonella sakaiensis 201-F6 turi shtami PETni parchalash uchun eng samaralii yechim sifatida foydalaniladi. Biz ushbu maqolada, termostabil mutatsiyalarga ega bo’lgan FAST-PETaza fermentini klonlash va uni E.coli bakteriyasida ekspressiyalash, oqsilni nikel xelat xromotagrafiya usulida tozalab olish va ferment aktivligini aniqlash kabi tadqiqot natijalarini bayon etdik. Tadqiqot natijalari aktivlikga ega bo’lgan FAST-PETaza fermentini samarali tozalab olinganini ko’rsatdi.
SHO‘RLANGAN HUDUDLARDA VA TURLI MANBALAR TA’SIRIDA ATROF MUHITNI IFLOSLANISHI, TUPROQLAR REKULTIVATSIYASI VA BIOLOGIK XOSSALARINING TIKLANISHI
Authors: Urol NOMOZOV
Published: June 2024

Maqola fitoremidiativ xususiyatli o‘simliklar, neft parchalovchi bakteriya shtammlardan foydalanilgan holda rekultivatsiya ishlari olib borilgan bo‘lib, ifloslangan tuproqlar va rekultivatsiyadan keyingi xolatlari solishtirilgan. Natijalarga ko‘ra, ammonifikator bakteriyalar neft koni atrofidagi tuproqlarda 3,1×106 dan 1,3×108 xuj/g.tuproq miqdorigacha, neft saqlash ombori atrofidan olingan tuproqlarda 8,2×106 dan 5,8×108 xuj/g.tuproq miqdorigacha  rekultivatsiyadan keyin ortishi aniqlandi.
ПОДГОТОВКА ЮНЫХ ГРЕБЦОВ ВЫСОКОГО КЛАССА К МАСШТАБНЫМ СОРЕВНОВАНИЯМ НА ОСНОВЕ ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ КРИТЕРИЕВ ОРГАНИЗМА
Authors: G‘ulom RAXIMOV
Published: June 2024

Статья рассматривает этап начальной подготовки в гребном спорте как самый трудный и сложный, но необходимый в воспитании будущих спортсменов высокого международного класса, способных защищать честь страны на самых престижных соревнованиях. Разработанная система формирования равновесия и комплекс гребных тренажеров для гребцов позволила в искусственных условиях внешней среды ограничивать нерациональные траектории гребковых движений и активно формировать технику гребли, соответствующую водной среде.
DENOV DENDRARIYSI YUKSAK O`SIMLIKLARIDAGI МIKROMITSETLARINING ТАКSONOMIK ТАHLILI
Authors: Dilfuza SODIQOVA  , Sherzod MARDONOV
Published: June 2024

Biotik omillar ichida patogen organizmlar, ayniqsa zamburug‘lar o’simliklarga sezilarli darajada taʼsir ko’rsatadi. Ularning aksariyati daraxtlarning fotosintez jarayonlarini buzadi, buning natijasida barglari sarg‘ayadi va muddatidan oldin to’kiladi, hosildorlik va manzarali fazilatlari sezilarli darajada pasayadi va baʼzida o’simliklarning nobud bo’lishiga olib keladi. Bu maqolada Denov dendrariysi yuksak o‘simliklarida uchraydigan patogen mikromitsetlar haqida ma’lumot berilgan.
TOSHKENT SHAHRI URBANOFLORASIDA TARQALGAN POACEAE BARNH. OILASINING TASNIFI
Authors: Gulirano TEMIROVA
Published: June 2024

Poaceae Barhn. Oilasi vakillari yurtimizda urbanizatsiya joylarida keng tarqalgan bo’lib, bu bo’yicha yurtimizda va boshqa mamlakatlarda olib borilgan tadqiqdot natijalari adabiyotlari bo’yicha tahlil qilindi va o’rganilib chiqildi. Bu borada yurtimizda bir qancha ilmiy maqolalar, ilmiy jurnallar, tezislar chop etilishiga qaramasdan Toshkent shahri urbanoflorasida tarqalgan Poaceae oilasining to’liq taksonomiyasi, shahar bo’ylab tarqalishi bo’yicha ma’lumotlar deyarli kam.
PARKINSON KASALLIGINING IN VIVO MODELLARIDA MOTOR HARAKATLARI O’ZGARISHLARINI BAHOLASH
Authors: Feruza TOLLIBOYEVA  , Nafisa KOMILOVA  , Ulug‘bek MIRXODJAEV
Published: June 2024

Parkinson kasalligi (PK)  ikkinchi o‘rinda eng keng tarqalgan harakat buzilishi bilan bog‘liq neyrodegenerativ kasallik hisoblanadi [1]. PKning umumiy davo choralari to‘liq ishlab chiqilmagan bo‘lsada kasallika qarshi simptomatik kurashish bo‘yicha bir qancha yutuqlarga erishilgan. PK ning uchrash yoshi va kelib chiqish sabablariga ko‘ra geterogenligi kasallik xususiyatlarini to‘la nomoyon qiluvchi modellarning ham xilma xilligini talab qiladi. Klinik PK ning barcha belgilarini to‘laqonli nomoyon qila oluvchi modellarini tanlash va ularni yaratish tajribalar davomida ustuvor vazifalardan biridir. Hozirgi kunda hayvon modellari PK patogenezini o‘rganish uchun eng yaxshi vositadir..Olib borilgan tajribalarimiz  davomida Parkinson kasalligining hayvonlarda in vivo modelini yaratish va modellarda yuzaga keluvchi motor harakatlarini to‘g‘ri baholash metodlari ko‘rib chiqildi.
FARG`ONA VODIYSI TO`G`RIQANOTLI HASHAROTLARI (INSECTA: ORTHOPTERA) EKOLOGIK GURUHLARI
Authors: Sherzod XALILLAYEV  , Ikrom ABDULLAYEV,  , Maxset MEDETOV
Published: June 2024

Ushbu maqolada 2017-2023 yillar davomida Namangan, Andijon, Farg‘ona viloyatlarining tabiiy va antropogen hududlardan aniqlangan to‘g‘riqanotli hasharotlarning biologik xilma-xilligi, hayotiy shakllariga ko`ra turli ekologik guruhlarga mansubligi haqida ma`lumotlar keltirilgan. Unga ko`ra, Farg`ona vodiysi sharoitida to‘g‘riqanotli hasharotlarining hayot shakliga asosan guruhlanishida eng ko`p uchrovchi turlar fakultativ xortobiont (18,3%), eremobiont (17%), tamnobiont (9,1%), boshoqli xortobiont (9,1%) ekologik guruhiga mansubligi aniqlandi. Boshqa ekologik guruhlarda esa turlar soni 1-4 turdan iborat ekanligi aniqlandi.
СЕЙСМОГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ОСАДОЧНОГО ЧЕХЛА ДЕНГИЗКУЛЬСКОГО ПОДНЯТИЯ
Authors: Нодирхон АБДУЛЛАЕВ,  , Дилшот АТАБАЕВ  , Шухрат РАДЖАБОВ  , Юсуф БЕШИМОВ
Published: June 2024

В статье рассматривается перспективы нефтегазоносности Денгизкульского поднятия. Проведен анализ результатов интерпретации данных сейсморазведки МОГТ и ВСП. В результате проведенных исследований были выявлены границы юрских терригенных отложений, в том числе продуктивные горизонты.
vIQLIM O`ZGARISHLARINI BAHOLASHDA – EKOLOGIK EKSPERTIZA
Authors: Zafarjon ABDURASHIDOV  , Azizkhan HODJAEV  , Sardorbek KARABAZOV
Published: June 2024

Maqolada, iqlim oʼzgarishlarini hozirgi kun inson salomatligiga ta`siri, atrof va tabiiy muhit muhofazasi, tabiiy resurslardan oqilona foydalanish, aholining iqtisodiy-ijtimoiy rivojlanishida ekspertizalar ahamiyati, mazmuni, mohiyati va dolzarbligi. Respublikalarning iqlim oʼzgarishlarida burch va majburiyatlari bajarish imkoniyatlarini baholashda ekologik ekspertizaga alohida urgʼu berilgan. Masalani ijobiy va salbiy yechimlari, ekologiyani asrash, kelajak avlodga tabiatni saqlagan holda etkazish bu borada ekspertiza masalalariga doir ilmiy taklif va tavsiyalar ilgari surilgan.
ГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРЕДПОСЫЛКИ И ПОИСКОВЫЕ КРИТЕРИИ УРАНОВЫХ МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЙ КЫЗЫЛКУМОВ
Authors: Зухра АКБАРОВА  , Зухра АКБАРОВА
Published: June 2024

Узбекистан находится на седьмом месте в мире по запасам урана и на пятом по его добыче. Страна не является потребителем урановой продукции и весь произведенный уран экспортируется. До недавнего времени ГП "Навоийский горно-металлургический комбинат (НГМК) обладал монопольным правом на добычу, обогащение и экспорт урана в республике.
ЕОЛОГО-ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ЮРСКИХ И ПАЛЕОЗОЙСКИХ ОТЛОЖЕНИЙ БЕРДАХСКОГО ВАЛА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПЛОЩАДИ СЕВЕРНЫЙ УРГА)
Authors: Бекзод AЛЛАЯРОВ  , Бехзод АБДУРАХМАНОВ  , Акмал АБЗАЛОВ
Published: June 2024

В рамках изучения юрских и палеозойских отложений площади Северный Урга проведен комплексный анализ геолого-геофизической информации по скважинам (литологического описания керна, лабораторных определений фильтрационно-ёмкостных свойств, характеристик типов пород и результатов испытаний). Выполнен пространственный анализ характера изменения ёмкостных параметров отложений, с учетом их современного структурно-тектонического положения.
ГЕОХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ГАЗОВ ЮРСКИХ ОТЛОЖЕНИЙ БЕРДАХСКОГО ВАЛА И СУДОЧЬЕГО ПРОГИБА
Authors: Наргиза БАТИРОВА  , Бехзод АБДУРАХМАНОВ  , Севара АГЗАМОВА  , Саодат ШУКУРУЛЛАЕВА
Published: June 2024

В статье приведены критерии прогнозирования состава углеводородов при изучении газа и конденсатов Устюртского горючих сланцев, который считается одним из основных регионов Узбекистана, на основе комплексного геохимического анализа.
BO‘KANTOV TOG‘LARIDA TARQALGAN TOG‘ JINSLARINING STRATIGRAFIK TABAQALANISHI
Authors: Xusniddin BOBOYOROV  , Dilafro’z ABDUSAMATOVA  , Dilafro’z ABDUSAMATOVA  , Maftuna SAIDOVA
Published: June 2024

O‘rganilayotgan hudud Markaziy Qizilqumning Bo‘kantov tog‘larida joylashgan. Hududning asosiy qismi Ko‘kpatas tog‘lari va qisman Jetmtau tog‘lari bilan qamrab olingan. Shimoli-g‘arbdan va janubiy-g‘arbdan ular Qasqirtau, Oltintau va Jetmtau bilan chegaralangan. Umuman olganda Bo‘kantov tog‘ massivining paleogeografik va paleomorfologik xususiyatlari Nurota tog‘larining g‘arbiy davomidagi qadimiy tog‘li o‘lkasidan qolgan ko‘kpatas tog‘larini o‘z ichiga oladi.
SUNʼIY YOʻLDOSH KUZATUVLARI BILAN KOʻLLARNI XARITALASH VA MONITORING QILISH
Authors: Salauat KALABAEV  , Farida ARTIKOVA  , Farida ARTIKOVA  , Nurulla DOVULOV
Published: June 2024

Tadqiqotda Janubiy Orolboʻyi hududida joylashgan uchta koʻlni xaritalash ishlari olib borildi. Tadqiqot hududi uchun AQSH Geologik xizmati (USGS) tadqiqot markazi hamda Yevropa komssiyasining (European Commission) maʼlumotlar bazasidan 1984-2021-yillar oraligʻi uchun sunʼiy yoʻldosh tasvirlari tanlab olindi. Keyingi bosqichda, ArcGIS dasturi yordamida hisoblash amalga oshirildi. Hisoblash natijasida, koʻllar suv yuzasi maydonining qisqarishi 38 - 86,3 % ni tashkil etdi. Tadqiqot natijasida, oʻrganilayotgan koʻllarning barchasi mavsumiy xarakterga ega koʻllarga aylanganligi aniqlandi.
АНАЛИЗ НЕУСТОЙЧИВОСТИ ГАРМОНИК КОЛЕБАНИЙ N=7; m=1 ДЛЯ ЛОПСАЙДАЛЬНЫХ СТРУКТУР В САМОГРЕВАЮЩИХ ДИСКООБРАЗНЫХ СИСТЕМАХ
Authors: Аббас ОМОНОВ  , Жахонгир ГАНИЕВ,  , Фарход БОТИРОВ  , Сабир ТУРАЕВ
Published: June 2024

Возникновение лопсайдальных структур в Самогравитирующие дискообразных системах изучалось с помощью пульсирующей нестационарной диско подобной модели. Азимутальное волновое число m=1, радиальное волновое число N=7 для гармоник колебаний, создание аналога нестационарных дисперсионных уравнений (НАДУ) а через их численные решения получены критические диаграммы и определен тип неустойчивости определенный.
PAST POTENSIALLI TAKOMILLASHTIRILGAN QUYOSH QURITISH QURILMASINING AMALIYOT SINOV NATIJALARI
Authors: Mansur TO‘XLIYEV  , Jamshid OVLAYEV
Published: June 2024

Чтобы избежать дефицита энергии на земле, необходимо будет развивать возобновляемые источники энергии. В настоящее время в хозяйствах существует метод сушки, уровень качества продукции нецелесообразен. Опыты на усовершенствованном коллекторе показывают, что в гелиосушилках в виде шкафа плоды и растения защищены от разного рода пыли, загрязнений. Для сушки плодов внутри шкафа, в зависимости от вида лекарственных растений, Существуют различные способы, с помощью которых можно изменить температуру внутри шкафа. Температура внутри  более 0 C из методов охлаждения еще одним важным средством является охлаждение коллектора аэродинамическими средствами.
Impact of Logistics Service Quality on E-shopper Satisfaction and Loyalty in Yangon: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Yee Pan Wit , Puttibarncharoensri Piyawan
Published: June 2024

Myanmar's e-commerce has been growing rapidly despite facing many challenges related to this newly established industry. Despite the nation's enormous growth in smartphone and internet usage, the infrastructure for e-commerce logistics is still in its infancy. Since there is a limited number of studies that have been conducted on e-commerce in Myanmar, this study stands out. The purpose of this study was to determine how e-commerce logistics impact Yangon's e-shoppers' satisfaction and loyalty. A quantitative approach was used to collect data from 400 e-shoppers in Yangon. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between six dimensions of logistics service quality (information quality, product quality, delivery service, customer service, order condition, and reverse logistics) and customer satisfaction. The findings revealed a positive correlation between e-shopper satisfaction and loyalty as well as a statistically significant relationship between each of the six logistical service quality factors and customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction increased the most due to reverse logistics, followed by order condition, delivery service, customer service, product quality, and information quality. For greater e-shoppers' attraction and loyalty, retailers in Yangon should concentrate on improving all six factors of logistics service quality dimensions. They will improve satisfaction and loyalty among e-shoppers, boosting sales and profits for retailers while enhancing the shopping experience for e-shoppers.
ENSEÑANZAS DE LA PANDEMIA COVID-19. EXPERIENCIA DE UN COMITÉ ÉTICO-CIENTÍFICO UNIVERSITARIO
Authors: CIFUENTES OVALLE LUCÍA , OYARZÚN GÓMEZ MANUEL
Published: June 2024

This presentation communicates the lessons learned by the COVID-19 epidemic during the op­eration of the Human Research Ethics Committee,Faculty of Medicine,University of Chile during the first three years of the pandemic. Between 2020 and 2022 we received 806 projects,which meant an increase of 20% compared to the 672 projects of the pre-pandemic triennium (2017­2019). Additionally, it was necessary to keep the committee operating completely telematically to avoid contagion and giving priority to COVID-19 projects,without affecting the rigor of its analysis. To this end, the length and frequency of the sessions were increased,adapting instru­ments and procedures. Among the lessons learned from this operation,the following stand out: 1) Management of digital document, telematic and recorded sessions, approval certificates and proceedings of sessions sent by email and use of electronic signatures. 2) Adaptation of procedures to prevent contagion: application of remote informed consent, dispatch of docu­ments via the internet, replacement of visits by video-calls, use of individualized transport and personal protection elements in face-to-face activities. 3) Improvement in computer capacity and security, to safeguard the confidentiality of meetings, resolutions and communications. 4) Increase of the memory of the computers,to increase the storage capacity of the committee. 5) Implementation of an electronic platform for the management of processed projects. Most of these changes implemented in pandemic are durable and can be expected to become mastered over the course of their repeated application.
INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN CHILE: APRENDIZAJE EN 48 AÑOS DE DIÁLOGO CON LAS PLAQUETAS
Authors: MEZZANO ABEDRAPO DIEGO
Published: June 2024

Biomedical research in Chile is necessary, it positions us at the limit of knowledge and improves the quality, accreditation and ranking of the academic institutions where it is developed. Its financing requires the political commitment regarding its importance for our country and of academic institutions to create a protective microenvironment for its flourishment. Private companies have consistently increased their contribution to R&D, but understandably, with a smaller presence in biomedicine. Specific competencies of the investigators may be highly useful and decisions regarding introduction of new products and technologies in clinical and laboratory grounds. Despite the remoteness of the major research centers, our work will be relevant if we overcome our objective limitations with creativity and extra effort. These include available resources, considering that the fraction of GDP budget for R&Din OCDE countries is 8 times higher than ours; proficiency in English language is a major problem for many of us; establishing trusting relationships with leading researchers in the field is a pre-requisite to grant our insertion in major scientific societies and for creating international collaborations; eagerly evaluate and use the transiently open windows for research; use the benefits of comparative advantages or unique conditions in Chile that enhance the originality of our studies; as phy­sicians, we have privileged access to patients for descriptive or mechanistic studies, including technical advantages, lower cost, and higher appraisal in scientific journals. We will expand on these considerations in our presentation.
LA ATENCIÓN PRIMARIA DE SALUD Y EL NUEVO MODELO DE SALUD FAMILIAR A PARTIR DE LA REFORMA: CONTEXTO HISTÓRICO Y REGIONAL
Authors: FÁBREGA LACOA RICARDO
Published: June 2024

This paper provides an overview of developments in Primary Health Care (PHC) in the Americas during the 21st century. It draws on a report created in collaboration with the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) for the 40th anniversary of the Alma-Ata Declaration(1) and docu­ments from major international health organizations for the post-pandemic period. The report highlights that Primary Health Care is a key proposal for addressing post-pandemic challenges and promoting sustainable development in healthcare systems. These findings support Chile’s efforts to transform its healthcare system towards universal Primary Health Care.
PRESENTACIÓN DEL DR. DIEGO MEZZANO ABEDRAPO, AL INGRESAR COMO MIEMBRO HONORARIO DE LA ACADEMIA CHILENA DE MEDICINA
Authors: MONTERO LABBÉ JOAQUÍN
Published: June 2024

N/A
ARTÍCULO DE REVISIÓN: TRATAMIENTO PERCUTÁNEO DE LAS VALVULOPATÍAS DEL ADULTO. ESTADO DEL ARTE
Authors: MALUENDA GABRIEL
Published: June 2024

In this review article, the main evidence that supports decisión-making for percutaneus inter­ventions in the field of adult valvular disease are presented. This article is intended to be an update and practical guide for non-cardiology internist.
EFICACIA Y SEGURIDAD DE LAS VACUNAS COVID-19
Authors: RADA G. GABRIEL
Published: June 2024

The COVID19 epidemic, beyond its impact and consequences on people’s health generated an enormous flow of biomedical information about COVID that surpassed the scientific infor­mation system and led to streamlining and creating new ways of processing and ordering. and disseminate information. The results of the effectiveness of vaccination in different groups, using different vaccines for primary or secondary prevention of Covid, have been provided by these new models, briefly presented at this meeting.
QUÉ SABEMOS DE LA EVOLUCIÓN DE LA PERCEPCIÓN DE LAS VACUNAS: ESTUDIOS SOBRE LA CONVERSACIÓN SOBRE LA VACUNACIÓN EN CHILE
Authors: ARRIAGADA CARDINI EDUARDO , ORTIZ DEPAUX ABRIL , HUEPE MINONETTI CRISTIÁN
Published: June 2024

The text presents the evolution of communication. It highlights how the printing press and later digital technologies have expanded our ability to select and share information. In particular, social media and mobile telephony have given us all a voice to reach massive audiences. The text also presents what you know thanks to a study conducted by the Social Listening Laboratory of the Catholic University for the Millennium Institute in Immunology and Immunotherapy, IMII. Thisstudy analyzed the discussion about vaccination on Twitter. The study identified four main categories of users: pro-vaccine, promoters, inhibitors, and anti-vaccine. Although the anti-vaccine group was small and had little impact, the inhibitors were more numerous and had a significant impact on the conversation. The study also found that the conversation about vaccination changed dramatically in 2022, with the anti-vaccine and inhibitor groups domi­nating the discussion. This was partly due to the decrease in participation from the pro-vaccine and promoter groups. The text concludes by underlining the importance of the challenge of engaging in dialogue with inhibitors and anti-vaccine groups and suggests that scientists and science students can play a leading role in this dialogue.
LA FORMACIÓN EN MEDICINA FAMILIAR EN CHILE
Authors: ROJAS VILLAR M. PAULINA
Published: June 2024

The training of Family Medicine specialists in Chile started in academic circles, with a strong focus on primary care shaping its core elements. This includes practical training to address common health issues, a holistic approach considering biological, psychological, and social aspects, and a push for health promotion. Currently, fourteen universities offer residency programs, mostly in Family Medicine, while three universities have differentiated programs targeting specific population groups. In the growth of training programs, key milestones include the 2005 health reform that introduced the Comprehensive Health Care Model (MAIS), the accreditation of training programs, the certification process for medical specialties, and a law enforcing payment for Family Medicine specialists in primary care. Despite reaching around 1,500 professionals, Family Medicine practitioners represent only 4% of specialists in the Chilean health system, mainly working in the public sector and particularly in primary care. The upcoming health system reform suggests Universal Primary Care as a central focus. To achieve this goal, it is crucial to encourage the training of Family Medicine specialists and ensure they stay within the system, recognizing the valuable contributions they make to the overall health network.
LAS TRIACAS, AYER Y HOY
Authors: DAGNINO SEPÚLVEDA JORGE
Published: June 2024

The history of theriaca reveals several attributes of humankind in their relation to medicine that enriches their present understanding. A compound of numerous simples, it reigned through twenty centuries as a panacea against diverse ailments, was a symbol of therapeutic progress, and sustained the interest and hope of learned and lay people of many cultures and civilizations. Its fame and commercial success drove the apparition of copies and falsifications that have persisted under the names of their creators, the city of origin, or some special char­acteristics. Most famous are mithridatium, theriaca magna of Andromachus, diatessaron or of the poor, and Venice theriaca. Of Greeks origin, it grew in fame mainly due to Galen and an unknown contemporary in Rome. Byzantine, Arab and Persian medical authors, and later others in Montpellier, Salerno and Padua, preserved the ancient writings and elaborated on them. The apparition of bubonic plague meant an enormous impulse to its use, augmented by the commercial strategy of Venice, and amplified by the printing of numerous pamphlets and books. The Scientific Revolution and the diffusion of its ideas marked the beginning of its decline, but it was still present in most European pharmacopeias until the end of the 19th cen­tury. We propose that fear, greed and credulity were seminal factors in its success, conditions still present today in medical marketing, quackery and falsifications, unnecessary care, medical consumerism, and unregulated alternative medicines and cosmetic industries.
PROGRAMA DE DOCTORADO EN CIENCIAS MÉDICAS ASOCIADO A ESPECIALIDADa. UNA HISTORIA MUY LIGADA A LA ACADEMIA CHILENA DE MEDICINA
Authors: SANTOLAYA DE PABLO MARÍA ELENA
Published: June 2024

The Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences (DPMC) associated with a specialty of the Faculty of Medicine of Universidad de Chile is an academic development project that aims to train specialists with a PhD degree, who are inserted in clinical centers and have the ability to respond questions of medical interest with a translational basis, putting the generation of knowledge at the service of patients. Universidad de Chile hopes that the graduates of this program will be the basis of the academic turnover of future generations. The DPMC was created in 2000, to date (2023), 85 students have entered, 46 have graduated, 8 have withdrawn and there are 31 current students. Sixty-five per cent of the graduates work as academics at the Faculty of Medicine of Universidad de Chile, with outstanding activity as specialists, teachers and researchers, incorporated into the different Advanced Clinical Research Centers (CICAs) that the faculty has created in different hospitals. Fifty-four per cent of them have been or are principal investigators of competitive projects: FONDECYT, FONDEF, FONIS, with one or more projects awarded, depending on the time since their degree, with an average of 55 publications/year for the defined group. After 23 years of uninterrupted operation, the DPMC is a consolidated, unique, accredited, successful program, financed by Universidad de Chile, sustainable, a pillar of the academic development of the Faculty of Medicine, which as it grows will allow the CICA network to be strengthened and will contribute to the creation of knowledge at the service of the patients and the country.
Liquidity-Saving Mechanisms in Trade Credit Networks: Optimising Corporate Liquidity
Authors: Butler Anthony , Moreno Gutiérrez José Fernando , León Carlos , Soramäki Kimmo
Published: June 2024

We suggest a similar approach to mitigate liquidity and counterparty risks in trade credit networks. By introducing a new Financial Market Infrastructure (FMI) that runs LSMs in trade credit networks, we can reduce the outstanding exposures among firms, reduce the payment terms, and mitigate potential risks arising from undesirable network and feedback loop effects. This way, by implementing LSMs, risks and potential amplification effects from trade credit exposures are mitigated while their potential contribution to firms’ growth, supply chain resilience, and economic activity is preserved. Besides, as this implementation of LSMs requires observing the trade credit network, new data for monitoring and policy-making is available for central banks and financial authorities.
Educação feminina em Adamantina
Authors: Tofoli Therezinha Elizabeth
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho tem como objeto de estudo a investigação do processo de criação, instalação e transformações da educação feminina no Colégio “Madre Clélia” de Adamantina, no período de 1950 a 1978, com ênfase nos primeiros quinze anos (1950 a 1965), bem como contribuir para o reconhecimento do sentido da ação de suas práticas educativas vivenciadas pelas alunas e enraizadas na sociedade e cultura locais. Trata-se de uma reflexão sobre o ensino confessional católico, oferecido pelas Apóstolas do Sagrado Coração de Jesus, por meio de sua fundadora Clélia Merloni. Ao analisar a educação oferecida por esta instituição escolar, um dos objetivos fundamentais foi o de compreender a formação da identidade das educandas e aspectos referentes à (re) e/ou (des) construção do universo feminino vigente. Através de fontes primárias e de depoimentos de pessoas envolvidas no cenário do Colégio (diretoras, professoras e alunas), constatamos que a escola foi permeada por vários processos e práticas educativas, dentre os quais, alguns responderam aos anseios das alunas e da sociedade da época, que eram o de preparar as mulheres para o desempenho da maternidade e para serem profissionais do magistério. Para além de proporcionar uma formação que distinguisse essas mulheres no cenário social, os resultados obtidos nessa pesquisa revelam também que muitas educandas ultrapassaram a condição feminina que lhes era imposta, adentrando a esfera pública, espaço reservado historicamente ao gênero masculino.
Notas sobre o desenvolvimento da região Oeste Paulista
Authors: Spinosa Wilma
Published: June 2024

O presente texto esboça alguns aspectos relacionados com a perspectiva de desenvolvimento econômico da Região Oeste do Estado de São Paulo, observando, principalmente, políticas estaduais e municipais, bem como questões relacionadas à participação de instituições de nível superior nesse processo. Partindo- se de elementos da história da região, bem como da configuração contemporânea nos setores da educação e produção industrial, promove-se o esboço de propostas para a consolidação dessa região num circuito econômico mais vigoroso em termos estaduais e nacionais.
Performing Presidential Age
Authors: Barnes Lipscomb Valerie
Published: June 2024

During a February surprise appearance on Late Night with Seth Meyers, President Joe Biden whipped out his trademark aviator sunglasses and traded quips with Meyers about a supposed conspiracy with Taylor Swift, much to the delight of the younger live audience. The next day, reviews were mixed about whether the president was trying too hard or did in fact manage to look hipper. To look younger. While US presidential nominees have been consciously performing their campaigns for decades, during this cycle, considering age as a performance has been especially prominent. Commentators and critics have specifically addressed the careful staging of persona that is central to presidential politics but is not always acknowledged as such.
Large Language Models and Biblical Hebrew: Limitations, pitfalls, opportunities
Authors: Staps Camil
Published: June 2024

Researchers have been relying on computational methods to study Biblical Hebrew for a long time already. The recent improvements to and easy availability of Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT prompt the question whether these models can be useful for our work as well. This paper tempers the expectations, showing that a critical analysis of earlier work exposes fundamental issues with methods involving GPT. However, depending on the task at hand a way forward with machine learning methods is possible, once we are aware of the limitations.
”Spørg mig ikke, hvem disse kræfter var” – om antagede konspirationer
Authors: Thorup Mikkel
Published: June 2024

Denne artikel undersøger den antagede konspiration som en konspirationsteoretisk genre. Det er en genre, der undlader klart ekspliciterede aktør- og kausalforklaringer til fordel for observationspunkter; som forbinder begivenheder og dokumenter i et netværkaf parallel-eksempler snarere end at forbinde personer og grupperinger i en dynamisk aktørmodel. Empirisk fokuseres på to anti-gender konspirationsteorier af den tyske, katolske aktivist og sociolog Gabriele Kuby samt den danske litterat og forfatter Marianne Stidsen. Begge er fremtrædende modstandere af det, de ser som en magtovertagelse orkestreret af radikale feminister såvel som kønsmæssige og seksuelle minoriteter. Dette tilbageslag imod en igangværende liberalisering af køns- og seksualitetsnormer har de sidste år frembragt en række konspirationsteorier omkring en ”LGBT-lobby” eller en radikalfeministisk sammensværgelse. Artiklens grundlæggende påstand er, at den antagede konspiration er en forskningsmæssigt underbelyst, men yderst anvendt konspirationsteoretisk model, og der lægges op til en afsluttende diskussion af, hvorvidt den er i aktuel fremvækst i visse ideologiske miljøer.
Konspirationsteorier og voldelig radikalisering
Authors: Ebbrecht Christopher
Published: June 2024

Studiet af konspirationsteorier har traditionelt set handlet om at afdække deres årsager, spredning og konsekvenser for demokratisk deltagelse og stabilitet. Fokus i denne artikel er på én af disse konsekvenser, nemlig sammenhængen mellem konspirationsteorierog voldelig radikalisering, dvs. processen hvormed individer tilslutter sig voldelig ekstremistiske holdninger og/eller handlinger. Artiklens formål er at give en oversigt over denne sammenhæng, som den er beskrevet i den nuværende forskningslitteratur. Dette gøres først gennem en grundig konceptualisering af både konspirationsteorier og voldelig radikalisering, hvorfor der præsenteres to perspektiver på forholdet mellem disse fænomener: et lineært perspektiv, ifølge hvilket særlige konspirationsteoretiske overbevisninger kan anskues som direkte årsag til radikalisering mod voldelig ekstremisme; og et kompleksitetsteoretisk perspektiv, ifølge hvilket der både kan være en direkte sammenhæng mellem de to fænomener, men hvor konspirationsteorier og voldelig radikalisering også kan anskues som to fænomener, der, uafhængigt af hinanden, er forårsaget af de samme sociale og psykologiske faktorer. Artiklen afrundes med diskussion af, hvilken betydning disse perspektiver har for sammenhængen mellem konspirationsteorier og radikalisering i den
9/11, COVID-19 og Onkel Reje: Konspirationsteorier i Danmark i det 21. århundrede
Authors: Grotle Rasmussen Kasper
Published: June 2024

Artiklen undersøger udviklingen af konspirationsteorier i Danmark i det 21. århundrede med fokus på krig, økonomi, sundhed og kultur i forbindelse med 9/11, finanskrisen, COVID-19 og Onkel Reje-sagen. Den argumenterer for, at konspirationsteorierne skal ses i lyset af nationale og internationale samfundskriser, fremkomsten af sociale medier og import af en amerikansk konspirationskultur, der forventer konspiration fra magteliten, fordi magteliten tidligere har konspireret. Amerikaniserede konspirationsteorier bliver derfor en måde at udtrykke utilfredshed samt en måde at forstå verden.
På vej mod en museumsreform:
Authors: Bukh Per , Skovvang Christensen Karina , Lund Poulsen Morten , Sandalgaard Niels
Published: June 2024

Denne artikel analyserer incitamentsstrukturen i finansieringsmodellen for danske statsanerkendte museer, som blev foreslået af Arbejdsgruppen for Museumsreform i november 2023. Artiklen præsenterer elementerne og byggestenene i tildelingsmodeller. Den fremhæver desuden de dilemmaer, disse modeller kan skabe, hvilket potentielt medfører spænding mellem faglige overvejelser og økonomiske incitamenter. Analysen er forankret i et funktionalistisk perspektiv, hvor modellers forventede konsekvenser vurderes på baggrund af teoretisk og empirisk viden. Gennem en kritisk vurdering af den foreslåede finansieringsmodel diskuteres de potentielle risici ved forenklede præstationsmål og uhensigtsmæssige incitamentsstrukturer. Artiklen bidrager til forståelsen af, hvordan finansieringsmodeller påvirker museernes drift og understreger behovet for velovervejede incitamentsmekanismer.
Folkedrab i historieundervisningen – Et blik på vanskelig viden
Authors: Johannesen Hildegunn Juulsgaard
Published: June 2024

Som en del af regeringens indsats mod antisemitisme er holocaust blevet en integreret del af det eksisterende kanonpunkt: Augustoprør og jødeaktion 1943 (Børne- og Undervisningsministeriet, 2022). Dette indebærer, at elever i den danske folkeskole skal møde undervisning om folkedrab i løbet af deres skoletid. På baggrund af det, jeg fandt ud af i min ph.d.-afhandling, om hvordan elever påvirkes, vil jeg i artiklen reflektere over, hvordan en lærer i klasseværelset bedst håndterer det, at alle elever nu skal undervises i holocaust.
Interventions éducatives et formation en travail écosocial : le cas d’un programme d’éducation relative aux changements climatiques dans un organisme d’éducation populaire au Québec
Authors: Villemagne Carine , Champoux Mélanie
Published: June 2024

Au Québec, les professionnelles de l’éducation populaire détiennent des formations variées, dont plusieurs se rattachent au champ du travail social. En ancrant leurs pratiques dans la dimension exclusivement sociale de l’environnement, celles-ci ont historiquement négligé de prendre en considération les relations qui unissent les personnes à leur environnement autre qu’humain, et ce, parce qu’elles n’ont pas été formées en ce sens. Pourtant, les réalités associées aux multiples dégradations environnementales, dont celles relatives aux changements climatiques, ne peuvent plus être ignorées et considérées en dehors du champ du travail social. Dans ce contexte, les professionnelles de l’éducation populaire s’interrogent quant aux nouvelles formes de pratiques émancipatoires qui leur permettraient de répondre aux besoins d’éducation relative aux changements climatiques (ERCC) des communautés qu’elles accompagnent. Afin d’illustrer les défis auxquels font face ces professionnelles, l’article se penchera sur l’étude du cas d’un organisme d’éducation populaire situé en Estrie. Cet organisme a développé un programme d’ERCC sur une période de cinq mois avec un groupe de huit adultes. Les forces et les lacunes de l’intervention éducative seront présentées et des pistes d’amélioration seront explicitées. Pour conclure, des recommandations seront formulées en vue de contribuer à l’émergence de la formation initiale et continue en travail écosocial.
Entendre et comprendre les expériences de désastre par la recherche narrative
Authors: Leclerc Typhaine , Lessard Lily , Saint-Charles Johanne
Published: June 2024

Les événements météorologiques extrêmes (EME) et les désastres qu’ils entrainent provoquent des conséquences psychosociales qui sont modulées en fonction de différents facteurs sociaux. On constate aussi que les récits médiatiques et culturels qui circulent au sujet des EME ne sont pas représentatifs de l’ensemble des expériences de personnes sinistrées : celles qui en subissent les conséquences les plus sévères tendent aussi à être celles qu’on « entend » le moins dans l’espace public. Ces personnes sont ainsi susceptibles de vivre de l’injustice épistémique, ce qui a des effets délétères sur le soutien qu’elles reçoivent. Face à ces constats s’impose la nécessité de mieux comprendre la diversité des expériences d’EME et d’explorer des stratégies pour soutenir l’ensemble des personnes sinistrées dans leur rétablissement psychosocial. Cet article soutient que la recherche narrative peut contribuer à répondre à ces objectifs. En dépeignant des réalités multiples, la recherche narrative centrée sur les récits de personnes sinistrées présente aussi un intérêt significatif pour l’amélioration des pratiques d’intervention en contexte de désastre.
Choline supplementation in early life improves and low levels of choline can impair outcomes in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Chartampila Elissavet , Elayouby Karim S. , Leary Paige , LaFrancois John J. , Alcantara-Gonzalez David , Jain Swati , Gerencer Kasey , Botterill Justin J. , Ginsberg Stephen D. , Scharfman Helen E.
Published: June 2024

Maternal choline supplementation (MCS) improves cognition in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) models. However, effects of MCS on neuronal hyperexcitability in AD are unknown. We investigated effects of MCS in a well-established mouse model of AD with hyperexcitability, the Tg2576 mouse. The most common type of hyperexcitability in Tg2576 mice are generalized EEG spikes (interictal spikes; IIS). IIS also are common in other mouse models and occur in AD patients. Im mouse models, hyperexcitability is also reflected by elevated expression of the transcription factor ΔFosB in the granule cells (GCs) of the dentate gyrus (DG), which are the principal cell type. Therefore we studied ΔFosB expression in GCs. We also studied the the neuronal marker NeuN within hilar neurons of the DG because other studies have reduced NeuN protein expression is a sign of oxidative stress or other pathology. This is potentially important because hilar neurons regulate GC excitability.Tg2576 breeding pairs received a diet with a relatively low, intermediate or high concentration of choline. After weaning, all mice received the intermediate diet. In offspring of mice fed the high choline diet, IIS frequency declined, GC ΔFosB expression was reduced, and NeuN expression was restored. Using the novel object location task, spatial memory improved. In contrast, offspring exposed to the relatively low choline diet had several adverse effects, such as increased mortality. They had the weakest hilar NeuN immunoreactivity and greatest GC ΔFosB protein expression. However, their IIS frequency was low, which was surprising. The results provide new evidence that a diet high in choline in early life can improve outcomes in a mouse model of AD, and relatively low choline can have mixed effects. This is the first study showing that dietary choline can regulate hyperexcitability, hilar neurons, ΔFosB and spatial memory in an animal model of AD.