bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
International Legal Aspects of Control of Trafficking in New Psychoactive Substances
Authors: Kirilenko V. P. , Molokovskii D. S.
Published: March 2022

Aim. To analyze relevant provisions of the main national and international regulatory legal acts in the field of monitoring and control of new potentially dangerous substances.

Tasks. To study the current legal regulation of legal and illicit trafficking of new psychoactive substances in the Russian Federation and the EAEU states. To examine new amendments in the legislation of the European Union regulating the substances traffic control and illicit traffic countering. To provide an overview of the procedures of new psychoactive substances scheduling under the International Drug Control Conventions. To formulate proposals for improving the national and international anti-drug legislation.

Methods. The methods of logical and comparative legal analysis, as well as the legal prediction method have been used in this article.

Results. The legislation of the EAEU countries in the field of the control of the legal and illicit trafficking of new psychoactive substances needs to be improved and harmonized. The substances scheduling procedures under the international drug control conventions in the EU and the UN are very difficult multi-stage and excessively long. The timing of adoption of new regulatory acts certainly does not correspond to the potential danger of uncontrolled trafficking of new potentially dangerous psychoactive substances for public health.

Conclusion. The penalties under Art. 234.1 of the Russian Federation Criminal Code “Illicit trafficking of potentially dangerous psychoactive substances” should be toughened. The legal procedure for forming the state Register of new psychoactive substances must be changed. In the EAEU countries, it should be necessary to make agreement at the interstate level about a uniform approach to the introduction and content of criminal justice responses to the illicit trafficking of new psychoactive substances. In the EU countries and in the frame of the UN, the scheduling procedure under international drug control should be changed regarding new psychoactive substance. All such substances of this kind should be included in a Special Annex for which certain agreed control measures would be prescribed, with the possibility of subsequent expert evaluation of the potential danger of the substance to individual and public health. These established control measures in the fut ure might be toughened or reduced based on the WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence critical review and the Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND) position.
Hubungan Status Gizi, Aktivitas Fisik, Konsumsi Natrium, Tingkat Stres, dan Tempat Tinggal dengan Tekanan Darah Remaja: Studi Cross-Sectional
Authors: Binti Abdul Malik Qurrotu 'Ainiy , Syahrul Fariani
Published: March 2022

Masa remaja merupakan usia kritis untuk mengendalikan tekanan darah, untuk mengurangi risiko hipertensi di kemudian hari. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengendalikan tekanan darah remaja adalah menerapkan gaya hidup sehat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan status gizi, aktivitas fisik, konsumsi natrium, tingkat stres, dan tempat tinggal dengan tekanan darah siswa MA Putri Maskumambang di Kabupaten Gresik. Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross-sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebesar 70 orang, yang diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling. Penelitian dilakukan di MA Putri Maskumambang di Kabupaten Gresik, Jawa Timur, sejak September 2019 hingga Februari 2021. Pengumpulan data meliputi pengukuran tekanan darah, berat badan, tinggi badan, tingkat stres menggunakan The Student Stress Scale, aktivitas fisik menggunakan kuesioner dari FAO/WHO/UNU, konsumsi natrium menggunakan Semi-FFQ, dan identitas diri. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status gizi (p = 0,00) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan tekanan darah siswa MA Putri Maskumambang di Kabupaten Gresik. Sedangkan aktivitas fisik (p = 1,00), konsumsi natrium (p = 0,71), tingkat stres (p = 0,62 dan p = 0,60), dan tempat tinggal (p = 1,00) tidak berhubungan dengan tekanan darah. Gaya hidup sehat harus selalu diterapkan oleh remaja untuk mengurangi risiko hipertensi saat dewasa.
Gambaran Pengetahuan Ibu Terhadap Kejadian Stunting Diwilayah Kerja Puskesmas Baolan Kabupaten Tolitoli
Authors: Syam Sadli , Anggraeni Putri Decha , Arwan Arwan
Published: March 2022

Masalah pendek (stunting) pada anak akan menghambat proses perkembangannya.Hal ini karena sekitar 70% pembentukan sel otak terjadi sejak janin berada di dalam kandungan sampai anak berumur 2 tahun. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan ibu terhadap angka kejadian stunting Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Baolan Kabupaten Tolitoli. Metode penelitian yang digunakan kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Informan penelitian sebanyak 12 informan yang ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengetahuan ibu mengenai stunting Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Baolan masih kurang , karena informan belum mampu memaparkan secara jelas apa itu stunting bahkan ada yang sama sekali tidak mengetahui mengenai stunting. Pemahaman ibu mengenai stunting Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Baolan masih kurang, dikarenakan mereka tiak mampu menjabarkan secara benar apa saja faktor-faktor penyebab stunting. Sedangkan untuk variabel pengaplikasian, ibu yang memiliki anak stunting diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Baolan mereka belum mampu mengapliksikan apa yang mereka ketahui kedalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Melihat apa yang terjadi dilapangan dan apa yang mereka ketahui sangat bertolak belakang. Saran dalam penelitian ini perlunya ada perhatian lintas sektor untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu mengenai stunting dan memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat mengikat akses untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Baolan masih sangat terbatas.
Global boundedness and asymptotics of a class of prey-taxis models with singular response
Authors: Wang Zhi-An , Lv Wenbin
Published: March 2022

This paper is concerned with a class of singular prey-taxis models in a
smooth bounded domain under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions. The
main challenge of analysis is the possible singularity as the prey
density vanishes. Employing the technique of a priori assumption, the
comparison principle of differential equations and semigroup estimates,
we show that the singularity can be precluded if the intrinsic growth
rate of prey is suitably large and hence obtain the existence of global
classical bounded solutions. Moreover, the global stability of
co-existence and prey-only steady states with convergence rates is
established by the method of Lyapunov functionals.
Genomic dynamics of brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations released to a novel environment
Authors: Kurland Sara , Rafati Nima , Ryman Nils , Laikre Linda
Published: March 2022

Understanding the consequences of human induced translocations on
natural populations requires genetic monitoring. Salmonid fishes
represent a group of species experiencing several such large-scale
perturbations expected to affect microevolutionary processes. Here, two
genetically separate brown trout populations with divergent life history
traits are studied following their release into waters previously void
of trout. We use a pooled sequencing approach to explore the genomic
characteristics of the released stocks and of populations established in
the wild in two lakes down-stream of the release site 30 years (4-5
generations) later. While most of the differences (FST=0.16) between the
released stocks can be attributed to drift, we identify putatively
adaptive differences between them in genes involved in immunity,
hearing, skin and muscle texture. Higher levels of genome-wide diversity
in established populations compared to released stocks suggest extensive
hybridization between stocks. However, released stocks are unequally
represented in the established populations, with one stock mainly
contributing to the lake closest to the release site, and the other
dominating the lake further downstream. We also identify genomic regions
putatively under directional selection in the new environment, where
genes from one of the released populations, governing metabolism, appear
advantageous. Our results demonstrate that hybridization, establishment,
and adaptation can be rapid after release into novel environments. We
show that such ongoing processes, important for conservation and
management, are possible to monitor over contemporary time scales even
for a species with relatively small local effective population sizes and
a large, complex genome.
Epidemiology and genetic characteristics of murine kobuvirus from fecal samples of Rattus losea, Rattus tanezumi and Rattus norvegicus in Southern China
Authors: Zhang Minyi , You Fang-Fei , Wu Fei , He Huan , Li Qiushuang , Chen Qing
Published: March 2022

Background: Most recently, murine kobuvirus (MuKV), a novel recognized
member of the family Picornaviridae, has been initially identified from
fecal samples of Rattus norvegicus in China. The circulation of MuKV
from other murine rodent species is not fully understood, prompted us to
investigate the prevalence and genetic characterization of MuKV in
Rattus losea, Rattus tanezumi and Rattus norvegicus in Southern China.
Results: Between 2015 and 2017, a total of 243 fecal samples from three
murine rodent species were screened for the presence of murine kobuvirus
(MuKV) from three cities in Southern China, with an overall prevalence
of 23.0% (56/243). Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete VP1 gene
suggested our sequences were genetically closely related to each other
and the Chinese strains. Three complete polyprotein nucleotide sequences
of MuKV and the genome organization were acquired in the present study.
Phylogenetic analyses also showed our sequences belong to the members of
genus Kobuvirus within the genotype of Achivirus A. Conclusion: The
present study indicated that MuKV is very common in murine rodent
populations.
Ultrasound performed right after birth can predict the respiratory support need of neonates----A diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Xi Guannan , Dai Jiale , Xuefeng Wang , Lu Chengqiu , Luo Fei , Yang Yun , Wang Jimei
Published: March 2022

Background Lung ultrasound (LUS) is widely used to diagnose neonatal
respiratory diseases. However, to our knowledge, few straightforward
method was reported to predict respiratory support need precisely. Our
aim is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of a semiquantitative LUS
assessent method predicting the need for respiratory support. 
Methods We conducted a prospective diagnostic accuracy study following
STARD (Standards for the Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies)
guidelines at a tertiary level academic hospital between 2019 to 2020.
310 late preterm and term infants enrolled. They were delivered in the
obstetric department and transferred to a monitoring room to determine
whether they need NICU treatment. The LUS assessment was performed for
each participant at one of following timings–0.5h, 1h, 2h, 4h, 6h after
birth. Reliability was tested by ROC analysis. Surfactant administration
and other respiratory support were based on 2019 European guidelines as
well as their clinical condition. Results 74 were confirmed to need
respiratory support and 236 were healthy according to a 3-day follow up.
Six LUS image patterns can be seen in these infants right after birth.
Two “high-risk” patterns well relate to respiratory support need(area
under the curve(AUC) = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.92-0.98, p<0.001).
This reliability can be supported by AUC of “low-risk” patterns(AUC =
0.89, 95%CI, 0.85-0.93, p<0.001). Predictive value of LUS is
much greater than that of using respiratory symptoms(e.g.respiratory
rate)(AUC of LUS vs AUC of respiratory rate, p<0.01).
Conclusions LUS can predict respiratory support need and is more
reliable than the assessment based on respiratory symptoms.
Statistical analysis plan for the INHALEd nebulised unfractionated HEParin for the treatment of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 (INHALE-HEP) meta-trial
Authors: Haren Frank van , Richardson Alice , Yoon Jin , Artigas Antonio , Laffey John , Dixon Barry , Smith Roger , Vilaseca Alicia , Barbera Ruben , Ismail Tarek , Mahrous Rabab , Badr Mohamed , Nucci Gilberto De , Sverdloff Carlos , Loon Lex van , Camprubi-Rimblas Marta , Cosgrave David , Smoot Thomas , Staas Sabrina , Sann Khine , Sas Caitlin , Belani Anusha , Hillman Christopher , Shute Janis , Carroll Mary , Wilkinson Tom , Carroll Miles , Singh Dave , Page Clive
Published: March 2022

The INHALE-HEP meta-trial is a prospective collaborative individual
participant data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and early
phase studies, to evaluate whether inhaled nebulised UFH in hospitalised
patients with COVID-19 who do not require immediate invasive mechanical
ventilation, significantly reduces intubation (or death, for patients
who died before intubation) at day 28 compared to standard care alone.
Objective: In keeping with best practice and with the published
protocol, a pre-specified statistical analysis plan has been described
and made public before completion of patient recruitment and data
collection into the INHALE-HEP meta-trial. Methods: Our statistical
analysis plan was designed by the INHALE-HEP executive committee and
statisticians and approved by the INHALE-HEP steering committee. We
reviewed the data collected as specified in the meta-trial protocol and
collected in individual contributing studies. We present information
pertaining to data collection, pre-specified subgroups, and study
outcomes. Primary and secondary outcomes are defined, and additional
subgroup analyses of pre-defined variables are described. Results: We
have described our methods for presenting the trial profile and baseline
characteristics, as well as our Bayesian approach to monitoring and
meta-analysing individual patient data, outcomes and adverse events. All
analyses will follow the intention-to-treat principle, considering all
participants in the treatment group to which they were assigned, except
for cases lost to follow-up or withdrawn. Conclusion: To minimise
analytical bias, we have developed a statistical analysis plan and made
this available to the public domain before completion of patient
recruitment and data collection into the INHALE-HEP meta-trial.
Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Quick and Precise Review
Authors: Altaf Rabia , Iftikhar Asra , Zahoor Bushra , Mazhar Kanwal , Asmawi Zaini , Manshor Nurul , Razali Nadiah , Basheer Muhamed
Published: March 2022

Coronavirus belonging to family Coronaviridae is a large group of
viruses causing respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases. The outbreak
of 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has created panic in the whole
world after being transmitted from Wuhan, China in December 2019. A
large number of people are affected throughout the world that forced a
solitary situation in the affected areas confining common people to
their homes to prevent its spread. Cellular receptor in humans for
2019-nCoV are found to be same as for SARS-CoV (Severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus), the first human pandemic of 21st century,
however, 2019-nCoV is highly contagious, virulent and mutable than the
SARS-CoV. The most attractive site for vaccine development against
novel2019 coronavirus is the spike glycoprotein which is crucial for
receptor binding, membrane fusion via confirmational changes, virus
internalization, host tissue tropism or spike inactivation through
antibody induced destabilization. Severity and fatality of the current
scenario has provoked the health care workers, scientists and
pharmaceutical organizations to develop a vaccine to prevent its
hazardous effects and transmission. First outbreak was in March 2020
after which the number of affected reduced that created a sigh of relief
in the globe. Summer season was considered as one of the aspect
combating the severity of spread of virus. For last few days, suddenly a
huge outrage is capturing attention of the entire population of earth
endangering lives of people irrespective of their ages and communities.
On Generalized Deferred Statistical Convergence of Order α of Difference Sequences
Authors: Et Mikail
Published: March 2022

In this paper, using the generalized difference operator Δ_{m}ⁿ, we
introduce the concept of Δ_{m}ⁿ-deferred statistical convergence of
order α and give some inclusion relations between Δ_{m}ⁿ-deferred
statistical convergence of order α and Δ_{m}ⁿ-statistical convergence
of order α.
A planted LAmbre device gets dislocated during the procedure :a case report with literature review
Authors: Yuan Kangzheng , Wang Jian , Liao Qingchi
Published: March 2022

Abstract Introduction:LAmbre device was rarely reported to get
dislocated during the procedure and it can be deliberately recaptured,
completely retrieved and re-deployed.A LAmbre device trapped in the
mitral valve is infrequent and which can hardly be recaptured by
percutaneous retrieval. Methods：We reported a planted LAmbre
device(Lifetech Scientific Corp.) that was dislocated during the
procedure of Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion.The patient’s hemodynamic
parameters suddenly changed while we withdrew the delivery sheath.The
fluoroscopy and TEE showed that the device was detached from the landing
zone and closed to the mitral valve. Result:We attempted percutaneous
retrieval but failed and the device was subsequently recapatured by a
cardiovascular surgery. Conclusion:We should make sure the occluder in
the optimal position and operate prudently to avoid device migration or
detachment.If the device locates in the mitral valve or LV and causes
hemodynamic changes,a surgery should be performed as quickly as possible
to retrieve the implant.
THE RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF MALAY VERSION OF POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE QUESTIONNAIRE (MAL-PCOSQ)
Authors: Lim Leek Mei , Wahab Ana Vetriana Abd , Ghani Nur Azurah Abdul
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Background: The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome health related
Questionnaire (PCOSQ) is a reliable instrument for measuring the health
related quality of life (HRQoL) in women with polycystic ovary
syndrome(PCOS). The study is aimed to develop a Malay version of PCOSQ
(Mal-PCOSQ) to evaluate the HRQoL of Malaysian women with PCOS and to
test its reliability and validity. Methods: Participants were women who
were diagnosed with PCOS attending the gynaecology clinic. Reliability
was determined by internal consistency using Cronbach’s coefficient
alpha and test-retest reliability using intra-class correlation
coefficient. Validity was assessed through convergent and discriminant
validity. Examining the correlation between similar content on the
Mal-PCOSQ and the Short Form 36 version 2 (SF 36v2) assessed convergent
validity. Whereas the discriminant validity was assessed using the known
groups comparison. Results: Cronbach’s coefficient alpha was over 0.70
for total scale and over 0.60 for each subscale. Known groups comparison
support its discriminant validity whereby the Mal-PCOSQ differentiated
well between sub-groups of women who differ in PCOS specific symptoms.
Convergent validity was consistent with a good positive correlation
between related subscales of the two instruments. Women with PCOS in
Malaysia scored lowest for weight (3.74) and infertility (3.41) domains
indicating worse health in these domains. Body hair (5.42) was the least
troublesome for the local population. Conclusion: The Mal-PCOSQ is
reliable and valid tool in assessing the health related quality of life
and can be used to objectively assess the HQoL of Malaysian women with
PCOS and evaluate their responsiveness to treatment.
Experience with multicampus hospital management
Authors: zhang yu , Shan Wu , Zhe Han , Ye WeiJiang , Zhou YIng , Xu Min , Wang JianPing , Zhang Juan , Xu WenCai , Chen HongBo , Ge HangPing , Zhang Shuo
Published: March 2022

With urbanization and economic development in China, medical needs in
urban areas continue to increase, but the building of public hospitals
is, however, restricted by available space. As a result, many hospitals
have set up multiple campuses, with associated issues such as lack of
experience in running a multicampus model, quality standardization, cost
control, and culture conflicts. We have four campuses with successful
operations. In this paper, we will share our management and operation
experiences, which may provide some insights for other hospital
managers.
Capecitabine-induced Hypertriglyceridemia In A Patient with Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Thakral Sharda , Benirschke Robert , Marsh Robert , Lee Hong-Kee
Published: March 2022

A 71-year-old man with gallbladder adenocarcinoma and no history of
dyslipidemia presented with serum triglyceride level of 912 mg/dL after
two months of starting Capecitabine. The lipemia due to elevated
triglyceride also led to hemolysis, causing analytical interference to
other biochemical tests and complete blood count.
Meatus Acusticus Externus Obstruction due to Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Angiofibromas: A Case Report
Authors: İşlek Akif , Şimşek Sadullah
Published: March 2022

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), an autosomal dominant genetic disorder
characterized by hamartomas in various organs. Auricula and Meatus
Acusticus Externus (MAE) involvement of TSC related angiofibroma is a
rare and specific presentation of the disease. A 31-year-old male
patient with left auricular mass and ear fullness was presented.
Multiplicative selection for the use of host plants and host induced phenotypic plasticity shaping phytophagous specialists in the face of gene flow
Authors: Matsubayashi Kei , Kohyama Tetsuo , Kahono Sih , Katakura Haruo
Published: March 2022

Ecological specialisation has been an attractive topic in its
relationship with biological diversification. However, there is little
knowledge about how much niche specialisation itself promotes
speciation, and how they maintain boundary of specialists. To elucidate
the issue, we conducted a simple rearing experiment using F1 and
backcross generations of two specialist host races of the phytophagous
ladybird beetle Henosepilachna diekei, with special attention to host
search efficiency and host fidelity. The results showed that divergence
in numerous ecological traits that were mostly resulted in divergent
natural selection multiplicatively reduced hybrid fitness and maintained
current specialisation in both pre-/post-mating stages. Also, larval
feeding experience influences host choice in F1 hybrid adults, and it
appears in the face of gene flow and reduces further gene exchange. This
speciation event show that multiple ecological traits adaptive to
different host plants synthetically shape divergent specialists without
other isolating barriers.
Multidimensionality of thermal niches and its implications to temperature changes responses: insights from dung beetles.
Authors: Calatayud Joaquin , Hortal Joaquín , Noriega Jorge , Arcones Ángel , Espinoza Veronica , Guil Noemí , Lobo Jorge
Published: March 2022

Approaching the consequences of climate change demands understanding how
temperature controls species’ responses across key biological aspects,
as well as the coordination of thermal responses across these aspects.
We study the role of temperature in determining the species’ diel,
seasonal, and geographical occurrence, using dung beetles as a model
system. We found that temperature has relatively low –but not
negligible– effects in the three studied species’ aspects, once
accounting for alternative factors. More importantly, the estimated
thermal niches were largely incongruent across aspects. This shows that
species have multidimensional thermal niches, entailing that adjustments
to fulfil temperature requirements for one biological aspect, such as
seasonal ontogenetic cycles, may result in detrimental effects on other
aspects, like diel activity. Paradoxically, the relatively weak effects
of temperature we found may have serious consequences for species’
responses to warming if temperature regulates essential aspects of
species’ biology in divergent ways.
Analysis of Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in 372 old adult inpatients
Authors: Zhang Xian , Wang Xiao-juan , Tian Jing-jing , Zhu Xi-ling , Yuan Jun , Huang Qing , Zhang Hua , Fang Hui-hui , Cao Le-le , Tang Bo , Chen Xu
Published: March 2022

Objective Analyze the potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) use
in 372 old adult inpatients in our hospital. Methods According to the
Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate Medications use for the old
adults in China (2017 Edition, a retrospective analysis of the
medications in 372 old adult inpatients aged 65 years and above was
performed to evaluate the occurrence of their PIMs use. Results The
average age of the 372 inpatients was (74.67±6.95) years old, the
average Inpatient days was (11.96±8.5) days, and the average number of
illnesses per person was (4.92±2.55). Of 372 inpatients, 62.63% (233)
inpatients had PIMs in the China-PIM list for the old adults , and
17.20% (64) inpatients had PIMs related to their diseases. Conclusion
The proportion of PIMs among old adult inpatients in our hospital is
relatively high. The hospital should pay attention to it and actively
take measures to reduce the risk of PIMs for the old adults and ensure
rational drug use in clinical medicine.
Nasality outcome in unilateral chronic rhinosinusitis following functional endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Yang Kun-Lin , Luo Sheng-Dean , Tsai Ming-Hsien , Chang Yi , Guo Hui-Yi , Chen Wei-Chih
Published: March 2022

Objectives: In this study we aimed to investigate the prevalence of
abnormal nasality in patients with unilateral rhinosinusitis and their
nasality outcomes following functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).
Design, Setting, Participants: A total of 42 patients with unilateral
chronic rhinosinusitis who underwent unilateral FESS between April 2016
and November 2017 were enrolled. The patients were divided into two
groups, wide opening surgery and limited surgery, according to the
severity of the disease. Questionnaires on sinonasal symptoms and
nasality were recorded. Main outcome measures: The change in the
nasalance score and symptoms were measured preoperatively, 6 months, and
12 months after the operation. Results: Among 42 patients, the
subjective reports showed that one-third of unilateral chronic
rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients had abnormal nasality preoperatively and
significant improvement following FESS. The Lund-Mackay score was
significantly negatively correlated with preoperative nasalance of
[i] and positively correlated with change of nasalance of [i].
The increase in the value of [i] is statistically significant
(p=0.01) following FESS. In the wide opening surgery group, the change
in nasalance was significant, but not in the limited surgery group.
Conclusion: Although only one side of the nasal airway was involved,
one-third of the patients reported abnormal nasality. In patients with
more disease severity who underwent wide opening surgery, the nasalance
significantly increased 1 year after FESS. The increase in the nasalance
score may represent a return to a normal status since the self-reported
nasality assessment was significantly improved postoperatively.
REVIEW ON HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF BERBERIS ARISTATA DC.
Authors: Paudel Kiran , Ramamurthy Aku , Sharma Gaurav
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Berberis aristata DC. belonging to the family Berberidaceae, is
a shrub used in the alternative medical systems that is native to
Northen Himalaya region, Nepal, India and Pakisthan. It is commonly
known as “Daruharidra and Chitra”. Berberis aristata DC. is used in
Ayurvedic Medicinal system from the beginning of this System. It is
widely used as a hepatoproctive, tonic, in urinary disorders, skin
diseases, diaphoretic, diuretics and treatment of diarrhoea, Jaundice,
Syphilis. Natural source of Berberine is Daruharidra which reduces the
inflammation of hepatocytes in liver. The study was aimed to analyze
its’ hepatoprotective effect on the basis of Modern scientific evidences
and Classical Ayurveda references. Ayurvedic literature describes
Daruharidra plant is mainly used in Kamala, Prameha, Kustha, Netra roga,
Vrana.
Comparison between the ventricular function in patients affected by primary Slow Coronary Flow and Normal Coronary Flow
Authors: Javadi Hamidreza , Sotodeh Somayeh , Javadi Amir , Rezaei Mahdokht , Hajikarimi Majid
Published: March 2022

Aims: The Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon (CSFP) is a syndrome which
according to normal or near normal angiography findings is characterized
by delayed progression of the injected contrast medium through the
coronary vessels. The causes of this disease are unknown. Therefore, the
identification of the disease’s pathogen, an effective cure and the
long-term prognosis of these patients is still in need of more research.
This research attempts to analyze and compare the systolic and diastolic
function of the left and right ventricle in people affected by primary
Slow Coronary Flow and Normal Coronary Flow. Methods and Results: This
case-control study was conducted with the participation of 44 patients
undergoing coronary angiography in Qazvin’s Bu Ali Sina Hospital in
2017. The patients were divided in two groups of primary Slow Coronary
Flow (33 people) and Normal Coronary Flow (11 people) and the systolic
and diastolic function of the left ventricle and the systolic function
of the right ventricle was analyzed and compared between the two groups.
The frequency of left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction and
right ventricular systolic dysfunction was similar and no significant
statistical difference was seen between the two groups. Conclusion: In
this research the frequency of left ventricular systolic and diastolic
dysfunction and right ventricular systolic dysfunction was similar and
no significant statistical difference was seen between the two primary
Slow Coronary Flow and Normal Coronary Flow groups. Keywords: left
ventricular systolic function, left ventricular diastolic function,
right ventricular systolic function, Coronary Slow Flow
Effect of implementation of protocol-based weaning practices in medical Intensive Care Unit of a high burden resource-limited setting
Authors: Ajay Anuj , Bhatt Manasvini , Soneja Manish , Ray Animesh , Nischal Neeraj , Ranjan Piyush , Wig Naveet
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Prolonged mechanical ventilation may be associated with
various complications. Checklists and protocols have been made to
increase the success of weaning from ventilation and reduce the
complications; however, adherence to same and outcomes are not well
documented in resource-limited, high burden settings. This study was
conducted to assess the current weaning practices and impact of
implementation of evidence-based weaning protocol in a high-burden
tertiary care ICU setting. Materials and methods: A quasi experimental
(pre-test, post-test design) study was carried out in the medical ICU of
a tertiary care centre between January 2016 and June 2017.The study was
done in three phases, in which 50 patients were recruited in phase one
and phase three. Phase two involved training and education of residents
in protocol-based weaning. The compliance to various steps of the
protocol-based weaning was assessed and outcome parameters were assessed
and compared between phases one and three. Results: The baseline
demographic profile and comorbidities of the patients in both the groups
were comparable. The compliance to weaning protocol was low in various
steps. There was a significant improvement assessment of readiness
criteria, post-SBT assessment and pre-extubation screening in the
post-intervention as compared to the pre-intervention phase. There was
an increase in the proportion of patients who were successfully
extubated from 50% to 66% (p=0.10). There was no significant
difference in duration of mechanical ventilation (10 days vs 7.3 days,
p= 0.61), ICU stay (9.2 vs 8.2 days, p= 0.57), as well as hospital stay
between the two groups (16.1 vs 17.1 days, p= 0.45).Frequency of
re-intubations decreased from 14% to 6% and ventilator associated
pneumonia decreased from 34% to 18%. Conclusion: The study revealed
low compliance to various parameters assessed as a part of weaning;
however, training of resident doctors was successful in improving
compliance with protocol-based weaning.
Outcomes of Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma; A retrospective review of children and adolescents with Hodgkin lymphoma treated at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, 2006-2017
Authors: Daghriri Amal , MANJOMI FAHD AL , AlBtoosh Bilal
Published: March 2022

Background: Treatment outcomes for children and adolescents with Hodgkin
lymphoma (HL) have improved over the past few decades. Most patients
achieve long-term remission with a five-year survival of approximately
90%, as reported by different treatment groups in developed countries.
However, there are limited data on the outcome of patients treated in
developing countries. Here we report the outcomes of children and
adolescents treated at a comprehensive cancer center in Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia. Procedure: A retrospective review of the medical records of all
pediatric patients younger than 16 years who were diagnosed with HL from
July 2006 through December 2017 was performed. Results: Of the 54
patients with HL, 70.37% were boys with a median age of 9 years (mean ±
SD, 9.11 ± 3.30). A total of 51.85% had B symptoms and 33.33% had
bulky disease. The nodular sclerosis type was the most common
histological subtype (48.15%). In total, 74.07% of the patients
presented with advanced stage III and IV disease. The three-years
relapse-free survival rate was approximately 82%, and the three overall
survival (OS) rate was more than 95%. Conclusions: Survival outcomes in
children and adolescents with HL in Saudi Arabia have improved with a
five‐year OS rate now exceeding 85%. However, further prospective
larger collaborative studies are necessary.
Prevalence of paranasal sinusitis in adults and its characteristics in smokers
Authors: yuxin tian , huiqun zhou , jingjing wang , liqiang fan , wenyue xue , yaoqian liu , yongdong li , dongzhen yu , Chen zhengnong , shankai yin
Published: March 2022

Background: Paranasal sinusitis is frequently encountered in clinical
practice. The application of imaging techniques has highlighted the high
incidence of incidental sinus abnormalities. Additionally, the adverse
impact of smoking on paranasal sinusitis has been verified; however, few
studies have compared the characteristics of affected sinuses between
non-smokers and smokers. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of
paranasal sinusitis detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and
determine its characteristics and affected sinuses in smokers. Methods:
This cross-sectional study involved 4813 participants from two
communities in Shanghai, China. Demographic data were recorded, and
participants underwent a physical examination and head MRI. Logistic
regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between smoking
and paranasal sinusitis and the Cochran–Armitage test to analyze
age-specific prevalence of paranasal sinusitis in smokers versus
non-smokers. Results: Among the 4813 participants (2368 men, 2445 women;
mean age, 53.0±10.1 years), the prevalence of paranasal sinusitis was
15.4 %, being higher in men (20.1 %) than in women (10.8 %;
p<0.001). Paranasal sinusitis was significantly associated
with smoking (adjusted OR=1.37, 95 % CI=1.10–1.70), and in smokers, it
occurred most often in the maxillary sinus (19.1 %), followed by
ethmoid (2.9 %), frontal (2.2 %), and sphenoid (1.8 %) sinuses.
Conclusion: The prevalence of paranasal sinusitis was 15.4 % in Chinese
adults aged 35–75 years. This gradually increased with age, reaching a
peak at 55 years and stabilizing thereafter. In smokers, sinusitis
occurred more often in the anterior nasal sinuses. (Clinical Trials. gov
number: NCT00926172)
THE THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF IVERMECTIN FOR COVID-19: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF MECHANISMS AND EVIDENCE
Authors: Kalfas Stefanie , Chan Hak-Kim , Visvanathan Kumar , Drago John
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Ivermectin is a commonly used antihelminthic agent with
over 35 years of established safety data in humans. Recent data
demonstrates antiviral activity in vitro against SARS-CoV-2, in addition
to a range of viruses. In vitro and animal models also provide evidence
of immunomodulatory action. These additional modes of action are
supported by in silico modelling, which propose a number of viral and
host targets that would mediate these effects. Objectives: The aim of
this study is to systematically review the published and preprint
clinical literature and study results that assessed the potential role
of ivermectin as a COVID-19 therapeutic and prophylactic agent. Methods:
We conducted a comprehensive review of PubMed, medRxiv,
ClinicalTrials.gov, Global Coronavirus COVID-19 Clinical Trial Tracker,
World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry
Platform, EU Clinical Trials Register, ANZ clinical trials registry, and
references from relevant articles. PRISMA guidelines for systematic
reviews were employed. Results: Search keywords- “COVID-19 (and
synonyms) AND ivermectin”- generated 86 articles on PubMed, 48 on
medRvix and 37 on clinicaltrials.gov at the time of writing. Twelve of
these were listed as completed clinical trials and of these, 8 were
included as investigators had released results. Positive mortality
benefit, reduced time to clinical recovery, reduced incidence of disease
progression and decreased duration of hospital admission were reported
in patients across all stages of clinical severity. Limitations: Due to
the time-critical nature of the COVID-19 pandemic our review included
preprint data, which must be interpreted with caution while it awaits
peer review.
Approaches of Turkish Teachers on Strengthening Their Immune System during Covid-19 Pandemic Period
Authors: Küçükceran Hatice , Cihan Fatma , Daye Munise
Published: March 2022

Objective: Strengthening the immune system constitutes an important part
of struggling with COVID-19. The aim of this study was to evaluate the
approaches of the teachers to strengthen their immunity during COVID-19
pandemic period in Turkey. Methods: This descriptive study was performed
on teachers via social media between 15 and 23 June, 2020. Results: Of
500 participants, 47.4% stated that they gained weight during COVID-19
pandemic period. Vegetable and fruit consuming (52.8%), praying
(36.2%) and sunbathing (26.0%) were the most common methods to
strengthen immunity. Of the teachers, 46.2% were confident about their
knowledge on immunity strengthening methods and only 61.2% stated that
they would like to be trained. Discussion: Lifestyle changes
strengthening immunity may help to come over Covid-19 pandemic period
with less harm. In-service training should be provided to the teachers
who would constitute a good sample for the society.
Perspectives on follow-up care and research for childhood cancer survivors: results from an international SIOP meet-the-expert questionnaire in Kyoto, 2018
Authors: Bakker Marie-Christine , Pluimakers Vincent , Atteveld Jenneke Van , Neggers Sebastian , Heuvel-Eibrink Marry Van den , Sato Satomi , Yamashita Kohsuke , Kiyotani Chikako , Ishida Yasushi , Maeda Miho
Published: March 2022

Introduction Survival of childhood cancer has increased over the past
decades. This has led to the development of strategies aiming to enhance
follow-up care and research, for which priorities may vary globally. We
explored perspectives of an international healthcare workers panel.
Methods Attendants of a meet-the-expert session on childhood cancer
survivorship at the 2018 SIOP conference completed a survey about their
view on important follow-up care and research aspects for survivors
below and over 18 years. We analyzed overarching categories and
subtopics, and compared Asian versus European and American healthcare
workers. Results Fifty-eight participants from different medical
specialties (67.2% pediatric oncologists) and continents (48.3% Asia,
39.7% Europe/America) responded. Follow-up care priorities for
survivors below and over 18 years included physical care (39.3% ≤18
years, 35.9% >18 years) and healthcare structure (29.4%,
26.0%). Physical care was also the most important research aspect for
both age groups (52.5%, 50.7%). Asian clinicians (n=22) primarily
prioritized physical care aspects of follow-up care (48.0%, 45.6%),
whereas European/American (n=19) clinicians underscored the importance
of healthcare structure (43.9%, 34.4%). The main research priority
category concerned physical care for all clinicians. Psychological
support was the most frequently reported subtopic. Conclusion Physical
care is the most important aspect of survivorship care and research
according to clinicians from several continents. Asian and
European/American respondents shared most priorities, however,
healthcare structure was a more important category for European/American
clinicians. The most common subtopic was psychological support,
underlining also the need to involve psychologists in follow-up.
Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Canine Parvovirus Circulating in China from 2014 to 2019
Authors: Chen Bixia , Zhang Xiaohui , Bao Endong
Published: March 2022

The global distribution of canine parvovirus (CPV-2), derived from a
closely related carnivore parvovirus, has caused a considerable threat
to the dog population. The virus continuously underwent genetic
evolution, giving rise to several variants. To investigate the
prevalence of Chinese CPV-2 strains in recent years, a total of 25 CPV-2
strains were isolated from 33 canine samples collected from 2018 to
2020, and then sequenced and analyzed. Two variants, New CPV-2a and
CPV-2c were identified. Contrary to previous reports, the CPV-2c variant
has gained an epidemiological advantage over the New CPV-2a variant in
China. To make up for the relatively limited sample, 683 Chinese CPV-2
records identified between 2014 to 2019 were retrieved from Genbank and
associated publications, whose result further supported our finding.
That should be caught concern since the CPV-2c variant has been
frequently related to vaccine failure in adult dogs. VP2 protein
sequences analysis revealed several amino acid substitutions, including
Ala5Gly, Pro13Ser, Phe267Tyr, Tyr324Ile, Gln370Arg, Thr440Ala, and
Lys570Arg. Phylogenetic analysis indicated a close relationship between
Chinese strains with Asian strains, suggesting the mutual transmission
between Asian countries. Furthermore, the intercontinental transmission
should be a cause for concern. Surprisingly, two feline panleukopenia
(FPLV) strains with Ile101Thr mutation in VP2 protein were also
successfully isolated from canine fecal samples, which was considered
incapable of infecting dogs. This study clarified the epidemic
characteristics of Chinese CPV-2 strains between 2014 and 2019, offering
a reference for epidemic control. Besides, the detection of FPLV in
canine samples may provide information for future studies on the
evolution of carnivore parvovirus.
The relevance of the wild reservoir in zoonotic diseases: the relationship between Iberian wildlife and Coxiella burnetii.
Authors: González-Barrio David
Published: March 2022

Throughout history, wildlife has been an important source of infectious
diseases transmissible to humans. Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused
by an obligate intracellular bacterium, Coxiella burnetii with only
anecdotal reports of human-to-human transmission. The epidemiology of
human infections always reflects the circulation of C. burnetiid in
animal reservoirs. Q fever occurs as sporadic cases, usually after
identifiable at-risk activities (farming, slaughterhouse work, or rural
tourism), however, as a rule, it is infected livestock, particularly
goats and sheep, the most important sources of zoonotic Q fever
outbreaks in humans. Nonetheless the origin of several human Q fever
cases continues to be unclear. Human impacts on habitats, biodiversity
and climate could be responsible for changes in the patterns of
interaction between domestic animals, wildlife and humans, allowing wild
animals to be involved in the epidemiology of Q fever and thus serving
as important reservoirs to domestic animals and humans. These factors
combined with the identification of shared genotypes between wildlife
and humans in the Iberian Peninsula, makes it possible for wild
reservoirs to play an important role in the increase in cases of Q fever
in Spain
An unexpected disease course for a patient with diffuse midline glioma
Authors: Malalasekera Vajiranee , D'Arcy Colleen , Mignone Cristina , Wray Alison , Freeman Jeremy , Hansford Jordan
Published: March 2022

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), now reclassified as diffuse
midline glioma (DMG), is the most common cause of mortality from
paediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumours. Diagnosis is made based
on characteristic clinical presentation and neuro-imaging findings.
Prognosis is poor, with minimal therapeutic options, reflected in a
median survival of under 12 months. We present a patient with Pendred
syndrome, diagnosed with DMG at 2-years of age with characteristic
presentation and neuro-imaging findings, who remains asymptomatic and
well at nearly 4-years post diagnosis despite progression of the primary
lesion on serial imaging.
Predictors of prolonged mechanical ventilation after cardiopulmonary bypass in infants with congenital heart disease less than 3 months old
Authors: Wang Ruonan , Yu Di , Zou Liang , Shu Yaqin , Mo Xuming , Peng Wei
Published: March 2022

Objective: To identify the predictors of prolonged mechanical
ventilation (PMV) after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in infants with
congenital heart disease (CHD) less than 3 months. Methods: From June
2017 to May 2020, a total of 165 infants less than 3 months old with CHD
admitted to the Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University for
CPB were enrolled. The following data were collected including gender,
age, weight, Risk Adjustment in Congenital Heart Surgery-1 (RACHS-1)
score, preoperative levels of thyroid hormones, CPB time, aortic
cross-clamping (ACC) time, mechanical ventilation time, ICU mortality
and infection. PMV prediction was assessed by multivariate binary
logistic regression analysis. Results: Compared with non-PMV group, PMV
group was younger (44.74±25.27 days vs. 35.44±26.91 days, P= 0.001), and
most were newborns (41/93 vs. 10/57, P=0.000), with a higher proportion
of RACHS-1 (29/93 vs.6/57, P=0.000) and more cases of infection (47/93
vs. 17/57,P= 0.004).PMV group had significantly lower weight than
non-PMV group (3.79±0.83Kg vs. 4.28±1.01Kg, P=0.001). In PMV group, CPB
(133.74±89.65 vs. 72.30±44.82, P =0.000) and ACC time (52.02± 24.80 vs.
36.98±16.63, P =0.000) were both longer. FT4 and TT4 were higher while
FT3, TT3 and TSH were lower in PMV group, but only FT3 (4.99±1.67 vs.
5.29± 1.23, P =0.017) and TT3 (1.91±0.59 vs. 1.96±0.49, P =0.050) showed
significant differences between PMV group and non-PMV group. Conclusion:
Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that weight, infection, FT3
and CPB time were independent predictors of PMV after CPB in infants
with CHD.