bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Probing the exchange of CO2 and O2 in the shallow critical zone during weathering of marl and black shale
Authors: Roylands Tobias , Hilton Robert G. , McClymont Erin L. , Garnett Mark H. , Soulet Guillaume , Klotz Sébastien , Degler Mathis , Napoleoni Felipe , Le Bouteiller Caroline
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Chemical weathering of sedimentary rocks can release carbon dioxide (CO2) and consume oxygen (O2) via the oxidation of petrogenic organic carbon and sulfide minerals. These pathways govern Earth’s surface system and climate over geological timescales, but the present-day weathering fluxes and their environmental controls are only partly constrained due to a lack of in situ measurements. Here, we investigate the gaseous exchange of CO2 and O2 during the oxidative weathering of black shales and marls exposed in the French southern Alps. On six fieldtrips over one year, we use drilled headspace chambers to measure the CO2 concentrations in the shallow critical zone, and quantify CO2 fluxes in real-time. Importantly, we develop a new approach to estimate the volume of rock that contributes CO2 to a chamber, and assess effective diffusive gas exchange, by first quantifying the mass of CO2 that is stored in a chamber and connected rock pores. Both rock types are characterized by similar contributing rock volumes and diffusive movement of CO2. However, CO2 emissions differed between the rock types, with yields over rock outcrop surfaces (inferred from the contributing rock volume and the local weathering depths) ranging between 166 tC km-2 yr-1 and 2,416 tC km-2 yr-1 for black shales and between 83 tC km-2 yr-1 and 1,558 tC km-2 yr-1 for marls over the study period. Having quantified diffusive processes, chamber-based O2 concentration measurements are used to calculate O2 fluxes. The rate of O2 consumption increased with production of CO2, and with increased temperature, with an average O2 : CO2 molar ratio of 10 : 1. If O2 consumption occurs by both rock organic carbon oxidation and sulfide oxidation, either an additional O2 sink needs to be identified, or significant export of dissolved inorganic carbon occurs from the weathering zone. Together, our findings refine the tools we have to probe CO2 and O2 exchange in rocks at Earth’s surface and shed new light on CO2 and O2 fluxes, their drivers and the fate of rock-derived carbon.
A finite-element framework to explore the numerical solution of the coupled problem of heat conduction, water vapor diffusion and settlement in dry snow (IvoriFEM v0.1.0)
Authors: Brondex Julien , Fourteau Kevin , Dumont Marie , Hagenmuller Pascal , Calonne Neige , Tuzet Francois , Löwe Henning
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The poor treatment, or complete omission, of water vapor transport has been identified as a major limitation suffered by currently available snowpack models. Vapor and heat fluxes being closely intertwined, their mathematical representation amounts to a system of non-linear and tightly-coupled partial differential equations, which is particularly challenging to solve numerically. The choice of the numerical scheme and the representation of couplings between processes is crucial to ensure an accurate and robust solution that guarantees mass and energy conservation, while allowing time steps in the order of 15 minutes. To explore the numerical treatments fulfilling these requirements, we have developed a highly-modular finite-element program. The code is written in python. Every step of the numerical formulation and solution is coded internally, except for the inversion of the linearized system of equations. We illustrate the capabilities of our approach to tackle the coupled problem of heat conduction, vapor diffusion and settlement within a dry snowpack by running our model on several test cases proposed in recently published literature. We underline specific improvements regarding energy and mass conservation, as well as time step requirements. In particular, we show that a fully-coupled and fully-implicit time stepping approach enables to get accurate and stable solutions with little restriction on the time step.
Monosyllabic Affective Hypocoristics of Korean Names
Authors: Jang Hayeun
Published: June 2023

In this paper, I investigate the formation and phonological alternations of Korean monosyllabic hypocoristics that are used without a vocative marker. Korean monosyllabic hypocoristics are the result of truncation and merging. The study showed that the inclination to keep the second syllable is more pronounced in truncated forms. The most common type of merging is ‘onset of 1st syllable + rhyme of 2nd syllable’. This illustrates the symmetrical base anchoring template, in which the template’s edges are anchored to the base’s right and left edges. The phonological alternations that Korean monosyllabic hypocoristics go through include tensification of obstruents, stopping of plain fricative or affricate, nasal velarization, nasal insertion, vowel rounding, vowel simplification, and palatal glide insertion before a vowel. Consonantal alternations over vocalic alternations seem to be preferred. All of the segmental alternations are present in the Aegyo speech register.
Penerapan Model Guided Inquiry Learning dalam Pembelajaran IPA: Respon Guru dan Siswa
Authors: Minan Chusni Muhammad
Published: June 2023

The learning process in the classroom can take place effectively if there is interaction between teachers and students. The interaction can be in the form of a response given by the teacher to student questions or vice versa. This study aims to determine the response of teachers and students after applying the Guided Inquiry Learning (GIL) model in science learning. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative, namely describing the responses of teachers and students based on the answers to the questionnaire. The subjects in this study were students from class VII at one of the State MTs in Sleman Regency for the 2020/2021 academic year. Data were collected using a questionnaire to see the responses of students and teachers, as well as an interview format to see the teacher's response to learning. Based on the answers to the questionnaire, it can be seen that teachers and students gave positive responses to the application of the GIL model in science learning seen from the average score of teacher responses obtained through the questionnaire which was categorized as very interesting, the average score of student activity in each meeting and the average score of student responses obtained through The categorized questionnaire is very interesting.
IoT Frequency Band Canalization in Indonesia as a Recomendation For Preparation Machine-to-Machine Communication in The 5G Era
Authors: Satrio Hadikusuma Ridwan , Nurpulaela Lela
Published: June 2023

The development of cellular technology in Indonesia is accompanied by the widespread use of cellular com-munication in various aspects, one of which is its use in machine-to-machine(M2M) communication and con-necting to the Internet, often called the Internet of Things (IoT). 5G Enables large in-text connections with ex-tremely low power consumption and costs, which will drive the development of IoT technology and enable "everything connectivity." because the use of IoT is starting to grow and helping humans in all aspects, it is possible to change its name to the Internet of Everything (IoE). However, the absence of special regulations regarding the use of the IoT frequency spectrum in Indonesia allows for interference or other disturbances if there is massive use of IoT technology in the future. This research was conducted by studying primary and secondary data to provide rec-ommendations related to special frequency band canalization for IoT in Indonesia. The author classifies fre-quency canalization for IoT into 2 classes, namely class A (for short-distance transmission) in the 433 MHz spectrum and class B (for long-distance transmission) in the 915 MHz spectrum. We also hope that the Indone-sian government decides to serve a new unlicensed spectrum frequency band in the range of 915-921 MHz. This is a good step towards global harmonization of unlicensed spectrum that can grow LPWAN-based IoT.
Imágenes, traperas e Instagram. Reflexiones netnográficas a fuego lento
Authors: Barrio Carla
Published: June 2023

Las experiencias visuales, el eclecticismo y las redes sociales plantean nuevos retos a la sociología y la antropología críticas. Este artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre el potencial de la netnografía como una herramienta idónea para analizar la impronta de las estructuras de estos entornos en las prácticas cotidianas. Para ello vamos a desnudar el proceso de elaboración de categorías de un estudio de caso sobre el impacto del diseño de la plataforma Instagram en la construcción del estilo de una muestra de ‘traperas’. El carácter estructural de la netnografía nos llevó a establecer tres dimensiones basadas en los usos de estas jóvenes de las diferentes funcionalidades visuales de la plataforma –affordances–. Ofrecemos así una reflexión técnica sobre las posibilidades de este método para profundizar en los fenómenos sociales y establecer categorías analíticas que surjan desde los propios entornos digitales, para no reproducir las lógicas derivadas de las categorías tradicionalmente en la investigación social. Un ejercicio con el que buscamos ofrecer una alternativa a las lógicas mayoritarias de la investigación digital como el Big Data.
Impact of Dividend Policy on Firm Performance: Evidence from Non-Financial Firms of Pakistan
Authors: Jatoi Muhammad Zulqarnain , Rasheed Abdul , Wahla Khalil-Ur-Rehman
Published: June 2023

This study has aim to evaluate whether the policies of divided affects the performance of non-financial firms that are publically traded in Pakistan. Data was collected between 2010 and 2021 from the State Bank of Pakistan's website and through financial statement analysis of non-financial businesses.Certainly! According to the SPSS results, there is a noteworthy positive correlation between Return on Equity (ROE) and Dividend Policy. This implies that as Financial Leverage (FL), Dividend per Share (DPS), Earning per Share (EPS), and Dividend Payout Ratio (DPOR) increase, and the ROE also rises for all of the non-financial firms included in the study. Additionally, a significant positive connection between Dividend Policy (which includes all of the variables FL, EPS, DPS, and DPOR) and Return on Assets (ROA) was found.I can rephrase that for you! Therefore, this research provides evidence that Dividend Policieshave significant influence on Firms/Companies Performance.
Europe Can Succeed Where America Failed: A Comparative Approach to Gender-Based Violence
Authors: Paganetti Lorenzo
Published: June 2023

Europe Can Succeed Where America Failed: A Comparative Approach to Gender-Based Violence
The World of Coffee: 21st Century Solutions for A Commodity Facing Climate Change Risks
Authors: Negre Laura
Published: June 2023

This paper examines the environmental impacts of climate change on the yields of Arabica coffee and the economic impacts on smallholder coffee farmers. To address these challenges, environmental and socio-economic solutions are proposed alongside a gap analysis of key coffee related certification programs. As temperatures increase, farmers are forced to move to higher elevations to grow coffee, where less land is available for farming. These climate change outcomes are visibly affecting Central and South American countries, which are experiencing up to 2°C of warming above pre-industrial averages (Sachs, 2019). Environmental risks may lead to smallholder farmers abandoning coffee production altogether, resulting in a decrease of supply and expertise for the coffee industry. At the same time, this industry is seeing increased demand from consumers for products with “green” certifications. Currently, sustainability certifications do not offer a full-fledged solution for environmental and socio-economic concerns. This gap analysis focuses on four main sustainability certifications and aims to provide an understanding of why certifications fail to address environmental and socio-economic challenges. This study seeks to identify the factors that certification models should incorporate in their supply chain assessments to examine climate change threats and improve outcomes for farmers. Analyzing the different criteria for certifications shows that: 1) Integrating environmental criteria within certifications is a resilient solution to addressing immediate climate change risks, and 2) mechanisms for protecting farmers against price volatility are required. The research shows that the Rainforest Alliance’s certification program is currently best positioned to serve the needs of an increasingly at-risk sector.
Evaluasi Sediaan Krim Ekstrak Etanol Daun Tapak Dara (Catharanthus roseus L.) Sebagai Tabir Surya dalam Menghambat Pembentukan Eritema
Authors: Al-bari Akhmad , Saputri Romadhiyana Kisno , Jannah Sovia Roikhatul
Published: June 2023

Sunlight is composed of visible and ultraviolet light, but only 10% of the UV can penetrate the Earth's atmosphere. Exposure to UV-B on human skin can result in sunburn and erythema. To avoid skin damage from UV, sunscreens containing oxybenzone and octinoxate compounds are used. However, these compounds can have adverse effects on the skin, so finding a more natural alternative is essential. Phenolic compounds and flavonoids, which are found in plants, are believed to serve as natural sunscreens and protect the skin from erythema caused by UV exposure. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of tapak daura leaf extract cream as a natural sunscreen to prevent erythema in mice. The extract was made using the maceration method with 96% ethanol in a 1:4 ratio. Three sunscreen cream formulations were created using 1%, 1.5%, and 3% concentrations of tapak daura leaf extract, respectively. Formulation F0 did not include the extract. The creams were then tested on mouse skin and exposed to UV-B for eight hours. The results demonstrated that tapak daura leaf extract sunscreen cream could protect against UV-B rays by reducing the number of erythema spots in the F3 group from 6.3 to only two.
Peranan Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Terhadap Pelaksanaan Instruksi Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 70 Tahun 2021 Tentang Penyusunan Dokumen Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Bagi Daerah Dengan Masa Jabatan Kepala Daerah Berakhir Pada Tahun 2022
Authors: Maryam Maryam
Published: June 2023

This research was conducted by the author aims to determine the the role of the Regional Development Planning Agency in the Implementation of the Instruction the Minister International Domestic Number 70 Year 2021 concerning the Preparation of Regional Development Planning Documents for Regions with the Service of Regional Heads ending in 2022. The data collection technique was through observation studies, interviews and direct documentation at the Pekanbaru City Regional Development Planning Agency The results of this study can be seen that the Instruction of the Minister International Domestic Number 70 of 2021 has the function and role as a guide and functions to regulate the entire development planning process in Pekanbaru City Bappeda. Pekanbaru City Bappeda is the implementing element of government affairs in the field of planning, where the effectiveness of Bappeda's role is in accordance with Lawrence M. Friedman's theory, namely for the effectiveness of the role three main elements are needed, namely structure, substance and culture. Pekanbaru City is one of the regencies/cities that carry out the Instruction of the Minister of International Domestic Number 70 year 2021, because the term of office of the Mayor and Deputy Mayor of Pekanbaru ends on May 22, 2022. In the midst of the vacancy of the regional head, Pekanbaru City is led by an Acting (Pj.) Mayor, Inmendagri 70 Year 2021 is a tool that serves as a guide for the Pekanbaru City Government, especially Bappeda as an institution that has the authority in the planning sector to compile the Pekanbaru City Regional Development Plan document for 2023 – 2026
Pengaruh Kompensasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Bagian Pabrik Kelapa Sawit (PKS) Studi PT. Sawit Asahan Indah di Kabupaten Rokan Hulu
Authors: Adrian Dandy , Rosmayani Rosmayani
Published: June 2023

Compensation is something received by employees in lieu of their service contribution to the company. Compensation is an award or reward for workers who have contributed in realizing their goals, through activities called work. Compensation is also an award given by employees, both directly and indirectly, financially and non-financially, to employees for their contribution to achieving organizational goals, so that compensation is needed by the company and to improve the performance of its employees. The purpose of this study was to find out how the provision of incentives and the performance of the employees of the Palm Oil Mill (PKS) at PT. Sawit Asahan Indah Rokan Hulu Regency and its influence. The population in this study were all employees of the palm oil mill (PKS) at PT. Sawit Asahan Indah in Rokan Hulu Regency in 2021 totaling 106 people, while the sample determined using the Slovin formula was obtained as many as 51 people. This research was carried out using a quantitative descriptive method using primary data and secondary data obtained through interviews or research questionnaires. From the research results it is known that the compensation received by the employees is good so that the performance they produce is also good. From the test results it is known that compensation has an effect on employee performance variables at PT. Asahan Indah Oil Palm, Rokan Hulu Regency.
Partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah pemukiman di Kecamatan Senapelan Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Zulmi Febriana , Siregar Yusni Ikhwan , Thamrin Thamrin
Published: June 2023

The problem of waste management which is still a city problem, if the waste is not done properly it will cause problems. Uncontrolled piles of garbage due to human activities will have an impact on environmental problems such as decreasing the beauty of the city, the emergence of odors from waste decomposition, the occurrence of air pollution due to burning waste that interferes with public health and a source of disease for human health. This research was conducted in Senapelan District, Pekanbaru City from February to April 2022. The type of research is quantitative analytic with cross sectional. The population is all heads of families with a sample of 94 people with purposive sampling. The results showed that there was no influence of age, education, occupation, on community participation in residential waste management in Senapelan District, Pekanbaru City and there was an influence on infrastructure, knowledge, perception, on community participation in residential waste management in Senapelan District, Pekanbaru City. It takes a conducive environment and good infrastructure in waste management in settlements in Senapelan District, Pekanbaru City
Kelimpahan Ikan Karang Famili Chaetodontidae dan Kondisi Terumbu Karang di Perairan Pulau Talam, Tapanuli Tengah
Authors: Winata Dwi Arya , Nasution Syafruddin , Thamrin Thamrin
Published: June 2023

The Chaetodontidae family fish is an indicator species because it has a close relationship with coral reefs based on a strong preference for coral stone as the main component of coral reefs. The existence of these fish can be used as a guide to assess and monitor the condition of coral reefs. This study was conducted in March 2022. The purpose of this study was to determine the abundance of reef fish of the Chaetodontidae family in the waters of Talam Island, to determine the condition of life coral cover and the relationship between the abundance of the Chaetodontidae family and coral cover. The method used in this study is a survey method. Data collection on reef fish of chaetodontidae family was carried out using the Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method and coral reefs condition data collection was done using the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method. The results showed that the abundance of Chaetodontidae ranged from 710 to 1,430 individuals/ha with an average of 1,110 individuals/ha. The highest abundance of 1,430 individuals/ha at station III with a depth of 6 meters, while the lowest abundance was station II with a depth of 8 meters which was 710 individuals/ha. The percentage of life coral cover at each station ranged from 47.70% - 56.98%, 42.60% - 54.40% and 56.68% - 69.08%. Based on these percentages, the average percentage of life coral cover is 54.74% (good category), and there is a very strong relationship between life coral cover and the abundance of the Chaetodontidae family.
Pemanfaatan Energi Surya Sebagai Upaya Pengurangan Emisi di Wilayah Provinsi Riau
Authors: Gautami Sanya , Mubarak Mubarak , Siregar Yusni Ikhwan
Published: June 2023

This research focus on assessing the spatial distribution area of solar energy potential in Pekanbaru using ECMWF ERA5 from 2012-2022 and analysing the environmental, social, and economic aspects based on solar energy utilisation. Using overlay and intersection techniques in ArcGIS, Pekanbaru's average solar energy potential is around 5,0-5,5 kWh/m2, and around 438.227-482.050 MWh/year of photovoltaic energy can be harvested from rooftop photovoltaic installation. Moreover, by utilising rooftop photovoltaic systems, the potential of CO2 emission can be reduced at around ±411.934-453.127 tonCO2/year, and it is predicted to reduce CO2 emission from households in 2022 by up to 52%. On the other hand, a questionnaire is used to describe the level of the community's understanding related to the beneficial effects of solar energy. Based on 100 respondents, it is found that around 58% of people don’t understand or are aware of rooftop photovoltaic, 20% of households think that the system is not necessary or urgently needed, and 22% of respondents argue that the high cost of installation is the primary consideration. The results reveal that the support from local governments is required for developing PV system as this system is one of the possible solutions to reduce greenhouse gases (GHGs).
Efficient secure aggregation for privacy-preserving federated learning based on secret sharing
Authors: Jin Xuan , Yao Yuanzhi , Yu Nenghai ,   School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China,   School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
Published: June 2023

Federated learning allows multiple mobile participants to jointly train a global model without revealing their local private data. Communication-computation cost and privacy preservation are key fundamental issues in federated learning. Existing secret sharing-based secure aggregation mechanisms for federated learning still suffer from significant additional costs, insufficient privacy preservation, and vulnerability to participant dropouts. In this paper, we aim to solve these issues by introducing flexible and effective secret sharing mechanisms into federated learning. We propose two novel privacy-preserving federated learning schemes: federated learning based on one-way secret sharing (FLOSS) and federated learning based on multi-shot secret sharing (FLMSS). Compared with the state-of-the-art works, FLOSS enables high privacy preservation while significantly reducing the communication cost by dynamically designing secretly shared content and objects. Meanwhile, FLMSS further reduces the additional cost and has the ability to efficiently enhance the robustness of participant dropouts in federated learning. Foremost, FLMSS achieves a satisfactory tradeoff between privacy preservation and communication-computation cost. Security analysis and performance evaluations on real datasets demonstrate the superiority of our proposed schemes in terms of model accuracy, privacy preservation, and cost reduction.
Dual-modality smart shoes for quantitative assessment of hemiplegic patients’ lower limb muscle strength
Authors: Long Huajun , Li Jie , Li Rui , Liu Xinfeng , Cheng Jingyuan ,   Department of Data Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China,   Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China,   Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
Published: June 2023

Stroke can lead to the impaired motor function in patients’ lower limbs and hemiplegia. Accurate assessment of lower limb motor ability is important for diagnosis and rehabilitation. To digitalize such assessments so that each test can be traced back at any time and subjectivity can be avoided, we test how dual-modality smart shoes equipped with pressure-sensitive insoles and inertial measurement units can be used for this purpose. A 5 m walking test protocol, including the left and right turns, is designed. The data are collected from 23 patients and 17 healthy subjects. For the lower limbs’ motor ability, the tests are performed by two physicians and assessed using the five-grade Medical Research Council scale for muscle examination. The average of two physicians’ scores for the same patient is used as the ground truth. Using the feature set we developed, 100% accuracy is achieved in classifying the patients and healthy subjects. For patients’ muscle strength, a mean absolute error of 0.143 and a maximum error of 0.395 are achieved using our feature set and the regression method; these values are closer to the ground truth than the scores from each physician (mean absolute error: 0.217, maximum error: 0.5). We thus validate the possibility of using such smart shoes to objectively and accurately evaluate the muscle strength of the lower limbs of stroke patients.
Robustness benchmark for unsupervised anomaly detection models
Authors: Wang Pei , Zhai Wei , Cao Yang ,   Department of Automation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China,   Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230088, China
Published: June 2023

Due to the complexity and diversity of production environments, it is essential to understand the robustness of unsupervised anomaly detection models to common corruptions. To explore this issue systematically, we propose a dataset named MVTec-C to evaluate the robustness of unsupervised anomaly detection models. Based on this dataset, we explore the robustness of approaches in five paradigms, namely, reconstruction-based, representation similarity-based, normalizing flow-based, self-supervised representation learning-based, and knowledge distillation-based paradigms. Furthermore, we explore the impact of different modules within two optimal methods on robustness and accuracy. This includes the multi-scale features, the neighborhood size, and the sampling ratio in the PatchCore method, as well as the multi-scale features, the MMF module, the OCE module, and the multi-scale distillation in the Reverse Distillation method. Finally, we propose a feature alignment module (FAM) to reduce the feature drift caused by corruptions and combine PatchCore and the FAM to obtain a model with both high performance and high accuracy. We hope this work will serve as an evaluation method and provide experience in building robust anomaly detection models in the future.
A new etiological cause for anterior cruciate ligament injury: E-Scooter
Authors: CAKAR M , KARSLIOGLU B , BAYRAKTAR M.K. , DEDEOGLU S.S. , IMREN Y , KESKIN A
Published: June 2023

The usage of electric scooters has been popular because it is a cheap and fast transportation method. Its use has increased in recent years because public transportation is less preferred during the covid-19 pandemic and in parallel, the publications reporting e-scooter accidents are increasing. There is no article examining the relationship between e-scooter and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in current literature. We aim to examine the relationship between e-scooter accidents and ACL injury incidence. Patients over the age of 18 years who applied to our orthopedics outpatient clinic with the diagnosis of ACL injury between January 2019- June 2021 were evaluated. 80 e-scooter accidents resulting with ACL tears were reviewed. The electronic medical records of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. Information about the age, gender, trauma history of the patients, and type of trauma was obtained. Fifty-eight patients had a history of falling while stopping the scooter, and 22 patients had a history of falling after hitting something. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction was performed with hamstring tendon grafts in 62(77,5%) of the patients included in the study. 18 (22,5%) patients were followed up with functional physical therapy exercises because they did not want to be operated on. Various bone or soft tissue injuries while using e-scooters have been reported in the literature until now. ACL injury is also seen quite frequently after these traumas, and necessary information and warnings should be given to the users to prevent ACL injuries.
Ultrasonographic measurement of median nerve and wrist skin thickness in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome: relationship with clinical, electrophysiologic and functionality
Authors: UZ C , UMAY E
Published: June 2023

The study aimed to investigate the relationship between the proximal and distal cross-sectional area (CSA) of the median nerve and wrist skin thickness measured by ultrasound in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), demographics, disease characteristics, electrophysiological measurements, symptom severity, functionality, and symptom severity. 98 patients with electrophysiological diagnoses of CTS in the dominant hand were included in the study. Proximal and distal CSAs of the median nerve and wrist skin thickness were measured ultrasonographically. Demographic and disease characteristics of the patients were recorded. Patients were evaluated with the Historical-Objective scale (Hi- Ob) for clinical staging, the Functional status scale (FSS) for functional status, and the Boston symptom severity scale (BSSS) for symptom severity. Ultrasonographic findings were correlated with demographic and disease characteristics, electrophysiological findings, Hi-Ob scala, Functional status scale (FSS), and Boston symptom severity scale (BSSS). Proximal median nerve CSA median was 11.0 (7.0-14.0) mm2, distal median nerve CSA median was 10.5 (5.0-18.0) mm2, and wrist skin thickness was measured 1.10 (0.6-1.40) mm. Median nerve CSAs were positively correlated with the CTS stage and FSS, negatively correlated with the sensory nerve action potential of the median nerve (SNAP) and the compound muscle action potential of the median nerve (CMAP) ( p<0.05). Wrist skin thickness was positively correlated with disease characteristics, including the presence of paresthesia and loss of dexterity and FSS and BSSS levels. Ultrasonographic measurements in CTS are associated with functionality rather than demographics. Especially the increase in wrist skin thickness leads to an increase in symptom severity.
Survivorship, clinical outcomes and indications for revision in uncemented unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: systematic review
Authors: PUVANENDRAN A , JAIBAJI M , VOLPIN A , KONAN S
Published: June 2023

Modern uncemented unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) relies on the mechanics of the implant design and a biological bond at the bone-implant interface to create a secure fixation of its components. The aim of this systematic review was to determine implant survivorship, clinical outcomes and indications for revision in uncemented UKAs. A search strategy was employed using keywords related to UKAs and uncemented fixation to identify suitable studies. Both prospective and retrospective studies with a minimum of two year mean follow-up were included. Data was gathered on study design, implant type, patient demographics, survivorship, clinical outcome scores and the indications for revision. Methodological quality was assessed using a ten-point risk of bias scoring tool. Eighteen studies were included in the final review. The mean follow-up of studies ranged between 2-11 years. The primary outcome of survival demonstrated 5 year survivorship ranged between 91.7-100.0% and 10-year survivorship between 91.0-97.5%. Clinical and functional outcome scores were found to be excellent in the majority of studies with the remaining reporting good results. Revisions represented 2.7% of the total operations performed. There were 145 revisions with an overall revision rate of 0.8 per 100 observed component years. Osteoarthritis disease progression (30.2%) and bearing dislocations (23.8%) were the most common causes of implant failure. This review finds uncemented UKAs demonstrate comparable survivorship, clinical outcomes and safety profile to cemented UKAs to consider this fixation a suitable alternative in clinical use.
РЕАЛІЇ ХІІІ СТОЛІТТЯ У «СЛОВАХ» СЕРАПІОНА
Authors: БІЛОУС П. В.
Published: June 2023

У статті розглядаються повчання («слова») давньоукраїнського проповідника та письменника ХІІІ століття Серапіона. Увага зосереджена на відображенні ним історичних, соціальних та релігійних реалій цього трагічного для Русі століття. Зокрема, акцентується на тому, що свої «слова» Серапіон створив тоді, коли виконував місіонерське завдання на півночі Русі (Володимир-на-Клязьмі, Суздаль). Саме тому у його творах відображено особливості життя побуту місцевих племен, специфіку християнізації на цих землях. Як місіонер-християнин, який прибув на північ русі із Києва, де був архімандритом Києво-Печерського монастиря, Серапіон вражений відсутністю тут православної віри, пануванням аморальних та варварських звичаїв. У своїх «словах» він викриває звичаї місцевого населення, розцінює їх як антихристиянські. Проповідницьким словом він не тільки прагне розповсюдити християнську віру, а й бореться проти вірувань людей, котрі ще не пізнали Бога. Причину «маловір’я» місцевих людей Серапіон бачить не в наслідках монголо-татарського нашестя, а в дотримуванні ними старих вірувань та негативному ставленні до християнства. Зображуючи звичаї північних племен, давньоукраїнський проповідник подав характеристику тому етносу, який пізніше склав ту спільноту, яка через століття назвала себе «росіянами». У менталітеті етносів, які мешкали на північній околиці Русі, Серапіон побачив не просто іншу мораль та інші звичаї, котрі сприймав як варварські і жорстокі, а реальну загрозу слов’янській частині Русі. Навряд чи міг колишній київський єпископ передбачити, що через декілька століть Московія, що виникала на основі згаданих етносів, зміцніє і почне вести війни з усіма своїми сусідами, вибудовуючи імперію Зла.
НАРАТОЛОГІЯ: ПОСТСТРУКТУРАЛІСТСЬКЕ РОЗУМІННЯ ХУДОЖНЬОГО ТЕКСТУ
Authors: МЕЛЬНИЧУК О. Д. , ГРИЦІВ Н. М.
Published: June 2023

У центрі уваги запропонованої статті постає проблема вивчення теорії наративу загалом та наративу (оповіді) як художнього тексту зокрема з опертям на класичну, аристотелівську поетику у період постструктуралізму. Представлена розвідка наголошує на важливості звернення до понять наративної теорії (або науки про оповідь): «історії» (фр. histoire) та «дискурсу» (англ. discourse), «дії» (грец. praxis) і «сюжету» (грец. mythos – ‘мімезису, або зображення дії’), їх ролі у переосмисленні наративних категорій. Актуальність запропонованого дослідження полягає у розпрацюванні постструктуралістського спрямування наратологічних досліджень, що виникають у зв’язку з античними уявленнями про літературу, скеровані на залучення когнітивних теорій, однак не заперечують теоретичних підвалин, викладених Аристотелем у «Поетиці». Здійснений розгляд розкриває значущість категорій наративу, як от: «персонаж», «сюжет», «дія», «контекст» у працях С. Четмена, П. Брукса. Згадані категорії проаналізовані як позитивна/негативна дія персонажа у динамічному розгортанні сюжету, що стає можливим завдяки активній співдії читача – його бажанні осягати вигадані події. Так, з одного боку, наративні категорії є традиційними, забезпечуючи нормативну, об’єктивну структуру, а з іншого – тяжіють до суб’єктивності, індивідуального сприйняття та інтерпретації. Сучасні художні тексти модернізму та постмодернізму унеможливлюють чітке розрізнення подій та персонажів наративу шляхом їх віднесення до категорій «хороше ↔ погане» − властивою ознакою є психологізація прози, надання амбівалентних ознак зображуваним подіям, зосередження не на динаміці дії, а на внутрішньому світові персонажів, головних героїв. Відтак постструктуралістський підхід наголошує на ролі читача як активного учасника комунікативного (автор → текст ↔ читач) та когнітивного процесу (наратив ↔ сюжет ↔ інтерпретація сюжету). Постструктуралізм не розвивається як антитеза структуралізмові Ж. Женетта, А.-Ж. Греймаса, Ц. Тодорова: навпаки, універсальну структуру наративу, його категорії розпрацьовують у руслі когнітивізму, зауважуючи низку психічних процесів: сприйняття, розуміння, міркування та усвідомлення. Наратив при цьому є джерелом втілення досвіду автора, авторською художньою «моделлю», що спроєктована як читацьке пізнання.
ЛЕКСИКО-СЕМАНТИЧНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ АНГЛІЙСЬКИХ ТЕРМІНІВ ФАХОВОЇ МОВИ ЕНЕРГЕТИКІВ (ПЕРЕКЛАДАЦЬКИЙ АСПЕКТ)
Authors: НИКИПОРЕЦЬ C. C. , MЕДВЕДЄВА С. O. , ГАДАЙЧУК Н. M. , ГЕРАСИМЕНКО Н. В.
Published: June 2023

У галузі енергетики, яка швидко розвивається, ефективне спілкування та співпраця між професіоналами в усьому світі є життєво важливими для вирішення світових енергетичних проблем. У статті представлено поглиблений аналіз лексико-семантичних характеристик англійських термінів спеціальної мови енергетиків із акцентом на перекладацькому аспекті. Наше дослідження вивчає спеціальну лексику, семантичні зв’язки, контекстну залежність, технічні концепції, ідіоматичні вирази, стандартизацію, регіональні варіації та міждисциплінарний характер галузі, підкреслюючи складності та нюанси, пов’язані з перекладом технічної термінології в цій галузі. Ми визначаємо кілька проблем, з якими стикаються перекладачі, як-от двозначність, неологізми, культурно-специфічні терміни, абревіатури та необхідність чіткого розуміння основних технічних концепцій. Щоб подолати ці виклики, ми пропонуємо стратегії вдосконалення процесу перекладу, зокрема залучення експертів-фахівців, сприяння співпраці при перекладі, управління термінологією та безперервний професійний розвиток. Надаючи всеосяжний аналіз лексико-семантичних характеристик енергетичних термінів і пропонуючи практичні стратегії для перекладачів, наше дослідження сприяє подоланню лінгвістичних бар’єрів у галузі, сприяє кращому розумінню унікального лінгвістичного ландшафту та сприяє більш ефективній глобальній співпраці. Перспективи подальших досліджень у цій галузі багатообіцяючі, з потенційними дослідженнями порівняльного аналізу, машинного перекладу, еволюції мови, спеціалізованого навчання, міждисциплінарної співпраці та культурних і регіональних факторів. Вивчаючи ці напрямки, ми можемо продовжувати поглиблювати наше розуміння лексико-семантичних характеристик енергетичних термінів і підтримувати глобальне прагнення до чистих, надійних і сталих енергетичних рішень для майбутнього.
Boolean functions and their use in symmetric cryptography
Authors: Carlet Claude
Published: June 2023

Boolean functions play a central role in the security of stream and block ciphers (in symmetric cryptography). They are functions mapping binary vectors of some length to either bits (in which case we have Boolean functions strictly speaking) or to binary vectors (of the same length or of another length, we are then speaking of vectorial Boolean functions). In the first case, they play roles in stream ciphers and in the second case, they are mainly used as substitution boxes in block ciphers. Being in each case the only nonlinear components of the ciphers, they are essential to their security. They are also the main components of the ciphers whose choice induces the speed. A tradeoff must then be found between the security and the speed of the cipher. The AES winner (used nowadays as a NIST standard for civil encryption, in particular between all banks) has been chosen because it allowed the best tradeoff. We shall describe what are the main results on them and what are the main open problems they pose currently.
Recreating the Cell Damage after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury In Vitro
Authors: Wu Yi-Han
Published: June 2023

TBI is brain damage due to an external force that negatively impacts brain function. Up to 90% of cases are in the mild severity range of TBI, known as mild TBI (mTBI), which includes concussion and sub-concussive impacts. A cell injury device (CID) based on a dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) was developed to model mTBI via injuring cultured cells with mechanical stretching. The device was capable of producing mechanical strains up to 40% and by at least 20%, and 50 repeated insults in less than a minute, which faithfully mimicked mTBI impacts in vitro. Gene and protein expression analysis were performed on mechanically stimulated pericyte cell cultures, where key genes and proteins were quantified to measure the cell response to these mechanical insults. The results of this study demonstrated that the CIDs was a suitable tool for simulating mTBI as an in vitro stretch injury model, which was proficient to induce patient-specific responses to mechanical impacts.
A Study on the Effect of Safety Leadership on Organizational Safety Culture and Safety Behavior in the Service Industry
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Kim Hea Lee , So Han Sub , Park Kyo Shik , Kim Byung Jick
Published: June 2023

According to recent statistics, the number of service workers in the industry exceeded 11,714,000 in 2017 to 13,825,000 in 2021, with about 4,217,000 in manufacturing and 1,651,000 in construction, the largest number of service workers in the industry. In addition, it is confirmed that the incidence of industrial accidents by size is the highest among those with less than 50 employees. The roadmap for reducing serious accidents recently announced by the Ministry of Employment and Labor aims to reduce industrial accidents through autonomous safety and health management of companies, such as the spread of safety awareness and safety culture within the organization. Based on previous studies that the role of workers in the organization is important for the organization's safety culture, and safety leadership affects organizational safety culture and safety behavior, this study attempted to confirm how safety leadership in the service sector affects safety culture and safety behavior. Safety leadership is an independent variable, and 206 workers in the service sector at workplaces with more than 50 employees and workplaces with less than 50 employees were examined to determine how it affects safety behavior, such as well as procedures, consciousness, and attitudes. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to secure compatibility and reliability of the tool, and the Cronbach's alpha value was derived. In addition, frequency analysis and descriptive statistics analysis were performed to understand the characteristics of the study subject and major variables, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between major variables. The mediating effect was analyzed using the Process macro, and the significance of the mediating effect was confirmed through the Bootstrapping-test. The significance of all statistical results was based on 0.05. As a result of the study, safety leadership was found to have a forward effect on safety culture and safety behavior, but more than 50 people and less than 50 people showed different patterns. In other words, safety leadership directly affected safety culture and safety behavior in workplaces with more than 50 employees, but safety leadership directly affected safety culture in workplaces with less than 50 employees.Through the results of this study, the research and policy suggestions necessary in the future are as follows. First, a detailed study on the sub-factors of each variable is needed. Second, it is necessary to identify additional variables that affect the safety culture of the service industry by size and prepare measures to spread and improve the safety culture in institutional and step-by-step ways.
An On-Demand Dynamic Taxi Crowdshipping Model for Urban Parcel Delivery
Authors: Baghestani Amirhossein , Najafabadi Shirin , Allahviranloo Mahdieh
Published: June 2023

In this article, a dynamic crowdshipping model is presented to use the vacant space of taxis to deliver parcels while serving passengers. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model within a rolling horizon framework that periodically updates input information is formulated. The objective function aims to maximize the number of matched trips while controlling the total travel time in the system. The developed model is tested using the taxi ridership and the household travel survey data in New York City, ensuring the credibility of the proposed model in addressing the goals of the study and its potential application to mitigate transportation externalities.
Potential of plant extracts against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: an integrative review
Authors: Heringer Tiago Antonio , Boeira Eduarda Gassen , Ramos Daniela Fernandes , Renner Jane Dagmar Pollo , Silva Chana de Medeiros da , Possuelo Lia Goncalves
Published: June 2023

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is the main cause of tuberculosis. For decades, new forms of treatment and new ways of dealing with the growing resistance acquired by this bacterium to first-line drugs have been studied. Medicinal plants are a source of new bioactive compounds with antimicrobial potential. Objective: to investigate which plant species have already been tested and which main secondary metabolites are active against MTB. Methodology: an integrative review that included in vitro experimental studies, carried out around the world, that used medicinal plant extracts to evaluate the antimycobacterial activity by microdilution, with identification of major compounds, against MTB, between 2011 and 2021, the Web of Science and PubMed were used and the descriptors “medicinal plants AND against AND MTB”. Results: 20 species of plants with antimycobacterial activities were found. Four stood out with MIC<10 µg/mL. The variety of secondary metabolites was determinant for antimycobacterial activity, highlighting alkaloids, terpenes and phenolic compounds. Conclusion: the number of secondary metabolites obtained in the extraction is decisive in the antimycobacterial activity.
ENGLISH TEACHING IN THE LENS OF MIND MAPPING: EXAMINING ITS EFFECTIVENESS IN IMPROVING STUDENTS’ READING SKILLS
Authors: Liando Nihta V. F. , Dolongtelide Eliska L. , Maru Mister G.
Published: June 2023

The aim of this research is to reveal the effectiveness of using mind map technique in teaching English to improve students’ reading skills at one vocational high school in North Sulawesi. Experimental study is applied to the controlled and experimental classes. The students in the controlled class were taught using traditional method and in the experimental class by Mind Map Technique. The result of this study shows the mean scores of the test in the experimental class were 81, while the mean scores of the test in control class were 53.3. The finding shows there is an influence of using mind map technique on student reading ability. The students show responsibility and enjoy the learning process. It could be argued that Mind-Map technique can be used as one of the alternatives in teaching reading. Thus, it can be concluded that Mind Map technique is considered effective in teaching reading to students at this school. It helps them to learn the reading content as well as teaches them how to understand the content of English texts. With mind map technique, it was found that the students easily understand the texts. They could also retell the text and were able to answer the questions. Mind Map technique could improve the students’ achievement in reading comprehension text. Teaching reading by using Mind Map technique is effective rather than traditional method