bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On thresholds for controlling negative particle (PM 2.5 ) readings in air quality reporting
Authors: Jiang Ningbo , Akter Rinat , Ross Glenn , White Stephen , Kirkwood John , Gunashanhar Gunaratnam , Thompson Scott , Riley Matthew , Azzi Merched
Published: December 2022

Ambient PM2.5(particles less than 2.5 µm in diameter) is monitored in many countries including Australia. Occasionally PM2.5instruments may report negative measurements, although in realty the ambient air can never contain negative amounts of particles. Some negative readings are caused by instrument faults or procedural errors, thus can be simply invalided from air quality reporting. There are occasions, however, when negative readings occur due to other factors including technological or procedural limitations. Treatment of such negative data requires consideration of factors such as measurement uncertainty, instrument noise and risk for significant bias in air quality reporting. There is very limited documentation on handling negative PM2.5data in the literature. This paper demonstrates how a threshold is determined for controllingnegative hourlyPM2.5readings in the New South Wales (NSW) air quality data system. The investigation involved a review of thresholds used in different data systems and an assessment of instrument measurement uncertainties, zero air test data, and impacts on key reporting statistics when applying different thresholds to historical datasets. The results show that a threshold of -10.0 µg/m3appears sufficient for the NSW data system. This work has served to be part of local evidence for formulating the recently published Australian Standard, AS 3580.19.2020 – Method 19: Ambient air quality data validation and reporting. The analysis can be useful for air monitoring in other Australian jurisdictions or wider context.
Personal and educational experiences of medical students on attitudes towards Psychiatry
Authors: Tai Andy Man Yeung , Suen Janet , Chopra Gurpreet , Westenberg Jean Nicholas , Elsner Julie , Cabanis Maurice , Kamel Mostafa Mamdouh , Schomerus Georg , Bluhm Marie , Maremmani Angelo Giovanni Icro , Moghadam Arash , Meyer Maximilian , Choi Fiona , Krausz Reinhard Michael
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Given the increasing global burden of mental illness, the existing shortage of psychiatrists internationally is a concerning development with a deteriorating trajectory. In 2016, only 5% of US medical students considered a career in psychiatry, and the situation is similar in other areas (e.g., European countries). Attracting medical students to the field of psychiatry is evidently necessary. This paper investigates European medical students’ attitudes towards psychiatry, their intentions to pursue psychiatry as a career, and the role of different factors such as personal experience and education on their interest in psychiatry.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was analyzed from 799 medical students in two European countries. Data was collected in 2016. Participants completed a survey on their attitudes towards psychiatry, their medical education regarding psychiatry, and personal experiences. Cross tabulations with chi-square tests were performed for inferential analyses using a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The number of years spent in medical school, the students’ personal experiences, and the perceived quality of education was significantly associated with specialty choice and ranking of psychiatry relative to other specialties. Students’ exposure to internships, psychiatric placements, and their view on psychiatric instructors also played a significant role in choosing psychiatry as a profession.
Conclusions: The systematic evaluation of students’ attitudes towards psychiatry and motivational factors for pursuing psychiatry as a specialty, such as psychiatric education in medical school and personal experience, can inform necessary changes in the recruitment of students to the field. Efforts must address the worldwide shortage of psychiatrists to effectively reduce the burden of disease associated with mental health and substance use.
FGF-18 protects the injured spinal cord in mice by suppressing pyroptosis and promoting autophagy via AKT-mTOR-TRPML1 axis.
Authors: Li Feida , Cai Tingwen , Yu Letian , Zhang Haojie , Geng Yibo , Kuang Jiaxuan , Wang Yongli , Cai Yuepiao , Wang Xiangyang , Xu Hui , Ni Wenfei , Zhou Kailiang
Published: December 2022

Spinal cord injury (SCI) refers to a severe medical condition with lasting effects. The efficacy of numerous clinical treatments is hampered by its intricate pathophysiological mechanism. FGF-18 has been found to exert neuroprotective effects after brain ischaemia, while its effect after SCI has not been well explored. In the present study, we used a mice model of SCI and found that FGF-18 may significantly affect functional recovery. The present findings demonstrated that FGF-18 directly promoted functional recovery by increasing autophagy and decreasing pyroptosis. In addition, FGF-18 upregulated autophagy, and the well-known autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3MA), reversed the therapeutic benefits of FGF-18 on SCI, suggesting that autophagy mediates the therapeutic benefits of FGF-18 on SCI. After stimulation of the AKT-TRPML1-calcineurin signalling pathway, mechanistic analysis revealed that the FGF-18-induced increase in autophagy was mediated by the dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of TFE3. Together, these findings indicated that FGF-18 is a robust autophagy modulator capable of accelerating functional recovery after SCI, suggesting that it may be a promising treatment for application in the clinic.
Role of size-dependent damping due to electron-surface scattering on the Al nanoparticle-based deep ultraviolet surface enhanced fluorescence
Authors: Mahata T. , Patar P. , Sahoo S. , Mandal A. , Dantham V. R.
Published: December 2022

Herein, we report the theoretical investigation to understand the role of size-dependent damping (SDD) due to electron-surface scattering on the Al nanoparticle-based deep ultraviolet surface-enhanced fluorescence. First, the absorption spectra and electric field enhancement (EFE) inside and outside Al nanoparticles of different sizes are plotted with and without considering SDD. Later, the role of SDD on the near and far field plasmonic properties of Au and Ag nanoparticles of different sizes are investigated for comparison. Finally, Al nanoparticle-based SEF enhancement is estimated for different nanoparticle sizes, emission wavelengths, and separations between nanoparticle and fluorophore with and without considering the SDD.
The role of stakeholder involvement in EU research and innovation policy: a case study of Technology Platform Organics
Authors: Gambelli Danilo , Vairo Daniela , Cuoco Eduardo , Zanoli Raffaele
Published: December 2022

This paper analyses the importance that participatory approaches may play in shaping the innovation policy in the context of the EU research framework programme. The paper reports case-study research on the role of “TP Organics”, a European Technology Platform (ETP) that supports research and innovation in organic farming in the EU. The case study is based on data concerning the relevance of resources pertaining to organic farming in the EU’s most recent framework programmes for research and development (FP7 and Horizon 2020). We use process tracing to analyse the causal effects of the participatory approach used by TP Organics in defining policies and promoting funding for the organic sector. Data concerning textual content analysis on research calls and budget disaggregation for EU research funding are used to test the hypothesis that the engagement of stakeholders provides concrete effects in terms of the number of research projects explicitly oriented to organic farming and the amount of research funding made available. Results refer to the outcomes of a structured testing sequence for the key hypotheses supporting the causal model. They show that the impact of TP Organics relies on its successful multi-stakeholder participatory processes, which have improved the relevance of research themes related to organic farming and have ultimately yielded an increase in financed research projects and financial contributions to research on organic farming in the EU. Conclusions provide some theoretical generalisations on the importance of stakeholder engagement in successfully lobbying for research policy.
Normal weight obesity – prevalence and time trends in children and adolescents from Poland
Authors: Żegleń Magdalena , Kryst Łukasz , Kowal Małgorzata , Woronkowicz Agnieszka
Published: December 2022

Purpose: To analyse the changes in the prevalence of normal weight obesity in 8-18-year-olds from Kraków (Poland) between 2010 and 2020.
Methods: The study was based on two sets of cross-sectional, school-based data obtained in 2010 and 2020. Body height, weight and adiposity were obtained. Body Mass Index was calculated, and only normal-weight individuals were included. Normal weight obesity was defined as normal BMI with adiposity >85 percentile for age and sex.
Results: The prevalence of normal weight obesity among Polish children and adolescents has been alarming for at least the last ten years. Depending on the sex and age, normal weight obesity was present in more than ten up to even more than 20 percent of the examined population.
Conclusions: Alarming numbers of Polish children and adolescents suffer from NWO and this problem seems to be present for at least the last decade. A need for a maximally universal definition and cut-offs to diagnose normal weight obesity should also be stressed, as it will be helpful in providing the best prophylaxis and help to persons already suffering from normal weight obesity.
Similarity analysis and phylogenetic trees from cellular automata imaging of lysozyme proteins
Authors: Souza Luryane F. , Pereira Hernane B. B. , Filho Tarcisio M. Rocha , Machado Bruna A. S. , Moret Marcelo A.
Published: December 2022

Protein sequences encode information on their function and, when compared to the same proteins of different species, on their evolutionary relationships. We show in the present work how to analyze protein sequence similarities between different animal species using cellular automata imaging, which can be used to classify them according to common ancestors. Our approach consists of using the resulting states (images) from the evolution of one-dimensional cellular automata, with properly chosen evolution and coding rules, to represent a neighborhood of the active site of the lysozyme protein in each species. Hamming distances between such images are computed and then combined into a distance matrix, and from it we build a phylogenetic tree using a clustering analysis. This distance approximates animals of the same class, showing that the active site region is the most conserved for these animals. One advantage of our approach is that it only requires a neighborhood of the protein’s active site and not the whole sequence. We illustrate our approach by building a phylogenetic tree relating 19 different animal species.
Performance of the WRF Model in the Wind Speed ​​Simulation in the Semiarid Region of Northeast Brazil
Authors: SANTOS IWLDSON GUILHERME DA SILVA , Lyra Roberto Fernando da Fonseca , Júnior Rosiberto Salustiano da Silva , Júnior José Francisco de Oliveira , Barbosa Isnaldo Isaac , de Souza Francisco de Assis Salviano , Brito Rodrigo Matheus da Silva , Cardoso Kelvy Rosalvo Alencar , Silva Luan Santos de Oliveira , Alves Tiago de Lima
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) mesoscale model in the simulation of wind speed in the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil (NEB). The accuracy of the simulations was determined by comparing between forecast (WRF) and observed (OBS) values with an average every 10 minutes. The measurements were made in a 100 m high anemometric tower during the execution of the Project Previsão do Vento em Parques Eólicos do Nordeste Brasileiro – PVPN. The tower was installed in a flat semiarid location in Craíbas, Alagoas - NEB. The period analyzed was five months (2015/03/01 to 2015/07/31). The analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (DS) including central and dispersion measures; bivariate statistics (BS) that includes the correlations (Pearson, Kendall and Spearman) with a t-Student hypothesis test to verify the representativeness of the correlations, and errors statistics (ES) with equations to verify the effectiveness of the simulation; Simple Linear Regression (SLR); Normal and Weibull probability density function (PDF); Principal Component Analysis (PCA). In addition to the temporal assessment of wind speed, temporal distribution of the average daily cycle (ADC), boxplot, scatterplot (1:1) and relative frequency distribution. The results showed that the simulation made by the WRF model reproduced well the daily temporal evolution of the wind in the studied period with a small tendency of underestimation. These results indicate the potential of the WRF model in the modeling of wind speed for the region studied and can contribute to the production of wind energy.
In Silico Profiling of Non-Synonymous SNPs of Fat Mass and Obesity- Associated Gene: Possible impacts on the treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Patnaik Damini , Jena Atala Bihari , Duttaroy Asim K.
Published: December 2022

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver, or NAFLD is the most common chronic liver ailment. It is characterised by excessive fat deposition in hepatocytes of individuals who consume little or no alcohol and are not affected by specific liver damaging factors. It is also associated with extrahepatic manifestations like chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and sleep apnea. Genome-Wide Association Studies have uncovered SNPs in the Fat Mass and Obesity Associated Gene (FTO) robust association with obesity and higher BMI. Since epidemiological evidence suggests an association of NAFLD with obesity and higher BMI, FTO can be a crucial modulator of NAFLD.
Methods: This study has identified potentially deleterious non-synonymous SNPs (ns-SNPs) employing various in silico tools. The structural changes caused by identified SNPs were studied using molecular modelling approaches. Also, the binding potentials of phytochemicals resveratrol, rosamarinic acid, and capsaicin with different mutant forms of FTO were investigated using molecular dynamics studies.
Results: We identified five potentially deleterious mutations from 383 ns-SNPs in the human FTO gene using various in silico tools. In the present study, we identified 5 nsSNPs of human gene FTO: Gly103Asp, Arg96Pro, Tyr295Cys and Arg322Gln with potential disease association using the Insilco approach. Modulation of demethylation activity by phytomolecule scan explains the hepatoprotective action of molecules. We showed that the binding ability of three polyphenols, rosamarinic acid, resveratrol, and capsaicin, was not affected by predicted mutations.
Conclusion: Since these molecules impart their effects on binding FTO, our data findings may help develop drugs for NAFLD.
Local Radiotherapy for Murine Breast Cancer Increases Risk of Metastasis by Promoting the Recruitment of M-MDSCs in Lung
Authors: Zhang Zheng-Zheng , Yao Zhi-Yan , Zhang Zi-Meng , Cui Ling , Zhang Ling , Qiu Gang , Song Xiao-Tian , Song shuxia
Published: December 2022

Background
Explore how exosomes released by X-ray irradiated tumor cells promote the formation of pulmonary metastatic nodules by inducing the recruitment of MDSCs to the lung.
Methods
BALB/c mice were injected with 4T1 tumor cells into the mammary adipose pad and allowed to grow for 28 days. On the 10th day of tumor inoculating, the primary tumor was irradiated by X-ray with a single dose of 20Gy. The mice were monitored for tumor growth, the number of pulmonary metastasis nodules and frequency of MDSCs. Antibody microarray and ELISA methods were used to analyze the altered cytokines (G-CSF, GM-CSF and CXCL1) in exosomes released by 4T1 cells after X-ray irradiation. The effects of the exosomes on the recruitment of MDSCs in the lung and facilitating the colonization of 4T1 in the lung were observed in normal BALB/c mice. Transwell method was used to observe the promotion of MDSCs migration by exosomes, lung tissue extracts from 4T1 tumor-bearing mice and GM-CSF via CCR2/CXCR2 signals, meanwhile, the effect of MDSCs on T lymphocytes function and migration of 4T1 cells were observed by the co-culture system.
Results
Even though radiotherapy reduced the burden of primary tumors and larger lung metastatic nodules (≥ 0.5 mm2), the number of smaller metastases (< 0.5 mm2) significantly increased. In addition, radiotherapy markedly potentiated M-MDSCs and reduced PMN-MDSCs recruitment in lung of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. Moreover, the frequency of M-MDSCs in lung was positively correlated with the number of smaller metastatic nodules. Using co-culture experiments, we provided evidence that M-MDSCs of the lung in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice markedly inhibited T cell proliferation and killing activity, while M-MDSCs and PMN-MDSCs had a similar role in facilitating tumor cell dissemination. The G-CSF, GM-CSF and CXCL1 rich exosomes derived from irradiated 4T1 (ir/4T1-exo) could facilitate both M-MDSCs and PMN-MDSCs migration by CXCL1/CXCR2 signal. While the lung tissue extracts of irradiated mice or culture medium of macrophage treated with ir/4T1-exo showed an obvious tendency to chemotaxis on M-MDSCs. Mechanistically, ir/4T1-exo could induce macrophage to produce GM-CSF, which in turn further promoted CCL2 release in an autocrine manner to recruit M-MDSCs via CCL2/CCR2 axis.
Conclusions
Our work has identified an undesired effect of radiotherapy promoting immunosuppressive premetastatic niches by recruiting M-MDSCs to lung. Further studies on RT combined inhibition of CXCR2 or CCR2 signals were necessary.
JAG1 Variants Confer Genetic Susceptibility to Thyroid Dysgenesis and Thyroid Dyshormonogenesis with Different Mechanisms
Authors: Li Miaomiao , Wang Xiaoyu , Wang Fengqi , Wang Fang , Zhao Dehua , Liu Shiguo
Published: December 2022

Background and objective:
Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common and preventable neonatal endocrine disorder, with an incidence of 1 in 2000–3000 newborns worldwide, and 1 in 2400 in China. However, the genetic causes of congenital hypothyroidism, in particular due to thyroid dysgenesis (TD) remain largely unknown. Previous study indicated that JAG1 is a novel susceptibility gene for congenital thyroid defects. To explore the association between JAG1 and CH, we screened JAG1 variants in a large cohort of 813 CH patients.
Methods
We performed genetic analysis of JAG1 using next-generation sequencing in 813 CH cases. After data analysis and verification by Sanger sequencing, we identified 10 pathogenic variants in 25 patients. And then we performed further genetic analysis targeting 20 CH related genes in these 25 JAG1 variant carriers. The pathogenicity of variants were assessed by bioinformatics softwares, protein sequence conservation analysis, and hydrophobic analysis.
Results
We identified 10 pathogenic missense mutations (p.V45L, p.V272I, p.P552L, p.G610E, p.G852D, p.A891T, p.E1030K, p.R1060W, p.A1131T, p.P1174L) carried by 25 patients, the mutation rate of JAG1 in CH was 3.08%. Among these 25 patients, 16 with 1 variant, 6 with 2 variants, and the other 3 with 3 variants. Our findings indicated that JAG1 variants confer genetic susceptibility to both TD and DH, but with different inheritance models. JAG1 variants lead to TD mainly through monogenic model, while for DH cases, both monogenic mechanisms and oligogenic mechanisms play a pivotal role. Oligogenicity may contribute to the disease severity of DH.
Conclusion
JAG1 is one of the overlap of genetic aetiologies in TD and DH, with the detection rate in CH in China was 3.08%. The comparation between oligogenic group and monogenic group revealed that CH may exhibit a gene dosage effect. Patients with the same JAG1 mutation demonstrate a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes, indicating the mechanisms involved in its phenotypic heterogeneity is complex.
Bayesian mixture copula estimation and selection
Authors: Liu Yujian , Xie Dejun , Yu Siyi
Published: December 2022

Mixture copula is a popular and essential tool for studying complex dependencies among variables. However, selecting the correct mixture models often involve repeated testing and estimations, which could cause effort and time. In this paper, we propose a method that would enable us to select and estimate the correct mixture copula simultaneously. This is done by first overfitting the model, then conducting the Bayesian estimation. We verify the correctness of our approach by numerical simulation. Finally, the real data analysis is done by studying the dependencies among three major financial markets.
MSC 2020: 6208, 62F15, 62H05, 62H30
Age-dependent topic modelling of comorbidities in UK Biobank identifies disease subtypes with differential genetic risk
Authors: Jiang Xilin , McVean Gil , Price Alkes L. , Zhang Martin , Zhang Yidong , Inouye Michael , Holmes Chris
Published: December 2022

Longitudinal data from electronic health records (EHR) has immense potential to improve clinical diagnoses and personalised medicine, motivating efforts to identify disease subtypes from age-dependent patient comorbidity information. We introduce an age-dependent topic modelling (ATM) method that provides a low-rank representation of longitudinal records of hundreds of distinct diseases in large EHR data sets. The model learns, and assigns to each individual, topic weights for several disease topics, each of which reflects a set of diseases that tend to co-occur as a function of age. Simulations show that ATM attains high accuracy in distinguishing distinct age-dependent comorbidity profiles. We applied ATM to 282,957 UK Biobank samples, analysing 1,726,144 disease diagnoses spanning 348 diseases with ≥1,000 incidences. We inferred 10 disease topics optimising model fit. We identified 52 diseases with heterogeneous comorbidity profiles (≥500 incidences assigned to each of ≥2 topics), including breast cancer, type 2 diabetes (T2D), hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia; for most of these diseases, topic assignments were highly age-dependent, suggesting differences in disease aetiology for early-onset vs. late-onset disease. We defined subtypes of the 52 heterogeneous diseases based on the topic assignments, and compared genetic risk across subtypes using polygenic risk scores (PRS). We identified 18 disease subtypes whose PRS differed significantly from other subtypes of the same disease, including a subtype of T2D characterised by cardiovascular comorbidities and a subtype of asthma characterised by dermatological comorbidities. We further identified specific SNPs underlying these differences. For example, the T2D-associated SNP rs1063192 in the CDKN2B locus has a higher odds ratio in the top quartile of cardiovascular topic weight (1.19±0.02) than in the bottom quartile (1.08±0.02) (P=4×10-5 for difference). In conclusion, ATM identifies disease subtypes with differential genome-wide and locus-specific genetic risk profiles.
The Effects of Probiotics on Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Microbiota in Patients with Celiac Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Clinical Trials
Authors: Mozafarybazargany Mohammadhossein , Khonsari Nami Mohammadian , Sokoty Leily , Ejtahed Hanieh-Sadat , Qorbani Mostafa
Published: December 2022

Objectives
Gluten-free diet (GFD) is the most effective method to manage celiac disease (CD). Many patients do not reach the complete symptom alleviation, even by strict GFD. Recent studies have reported inconsistent results regarding the beneficial benefits of taking probiotics. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotics on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and the possible underlying causes in CD and celiac disease autoimmunity (CDA) patients.
Methods
Databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched for clinical trials published until July 2022 about assessing the effects of probiotics or synbiotics on CD or CDA patients. We collected data on GI symptoms, CD markers, inflammatory and immune responses, adverse events, and gut microbiota. A random effect meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) and confidence interval (CI).
Results
We screened 7234 articles, of which 14 were included in the qualitative analysis and 5 in the quantitative analysis. Probiotics might alleviate GI symptoms, especially in the highly symptomatic patients and improve immune response in CD and CDA patients. Results of the meta-analysis showed that probiotics increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium (SMD:0.72, 95%CI (0.13,1.30) and Lactobacillus (SMD:0.49, 95%CI (0.18,0.80) as compared with placebo. Probiotics did not increase the adverse events compared to the placebo.
Conclusion
Probiotics might alleviate GI symptoms and immune response and improve dysbiosis in CD and CDA patients. However, high-quality clinical trials are needed to increase the level of evidence. Also, the most suitable combination of probiotics is yet to find.
Machine Learning Methods for Predicting the Admissions and Hospitalisations in the Emergency Department of a Civil and Military Hospital
Authors: Álvarez-Chaves Hugo , Muñoz Pablo , R-Moreno María D.
Published: December 2022

The importance of the Emergency Department (ED) in hospitals was highlighted during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic when ED overcrowding became a critical issue. The management of the service is critical for the effectiveness and efficient operation of the department. In this study, we present the results of the application of different algorithms for forecasting ED admissions (both seven days and four months ahead) and daily hospitalisations. To do this, we have employed the ED admissions and inpatients series from a Spanish civil and military hospital. The ED admissions have been aggregated on daily basis and on the official workers' shifts, meanwhile the hospitalisations series have been considered daily. Over that data we employ two algorithms types: time series (AR, H-W, SARIMA and Prophet models) and feature matrix (LR, EN, XGBoost and GLM models). In addition, we create all possible ensembles among the models in order to find the best forecasting method, even splitting the series by shifts. Our results show that time series algorithms achieve the best performance for almost all cases, but in the short term both time series and feature matrix perform similarly. In general, the ensembles slightly improve the predictions over the single models.
Asymmetric inter-specific competition between invasive Phytolacca americana and its native congener
Authors: Liu Yun-Shan , Chen Li , Zhou Yue , Xiao Feng , Liu Dan-Feng , Wang Yi
Published: December 2022

Interspecific competition is an essential factor affecting the invasiveness of alien plants. Phytolacca americana, one of the most destructive invasive plants in China, was introduced from North America into China in 1935. Its population expand, thereby causing the loss of the ecological niches of its native congener and a shrinking of Phytolacca acinosa population. In this study, we used the invasive plant P. americana and its native congener P. acinosa to assess their competitive interaction in response to different competition patterns and spray treatments in a pot experiment in a homogeneous garden at Yunnan University. The results indicate that an asymmetric competition occurred between P. americana and P. acinosa in inter-specific competition. Specifically, P. americana severely inhibits the growth and reproduction of P. acinosa, and it was superior to P. acinosa in terms of defense strategy on account of its stronger resistance against insects and bacteria. Our study provides some theoretical basis for assessing the invasive plant P. americana.
Identification and Experimental Validation of Autophagy-Related Genes in Abdominal aortic aneurysm: a bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Yuan Xiaoli , Song Yancheng , Xin Hai , Zhang Lu , Liu Bingyu , Ma Jianmin , Sun Ruicong , Guan Xiaomei , Jiang Zhirong
Published: December 2022

Aim
Autophagy plays essential roles in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) happening and movement. The objective of this study was to verify the autophagy-related genes (ARGs) underlying AAA empirically and using bioinformatics analysis.
Methods
Two gene expression profile datasets (GSE98278 and GSE57691) were taken from the GEO database. These datasets were combined and then standardized. The underlying differential expression autophagy-related genes (DEARGs) of AAA were tested using R software. PPIs, associativity, GO enrichment and KEGG pathway functional analyses were used to identify the DEARGs. Finally, RT-qPCR was used to identify the RNA expression levels of the top five hub genes in clinical samples.
Results
In data from 97 AAA patients and 10 healthy controls, a total of 44 DEARGs (6 up-regulated expressed genes and 38 down-regulated expressed genes) were classified. PPI results showed that these ARGs interact. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were directed to elucidate the bio-functional of DEARGs. RT-qPCR results presented that the expressed of IL6, PPARG, SOD1 and MAP1LC3B in AAA cases and negative control were in accordance with the bioinformatic analysis results.
Conclusion
Hub genes such as IL6, PPARG, SOD1 and MAP1LC3B may influence the happening of AAA by controlling autophagy. These findings enhance interpretation of AAA and may be helpful in its diagnosis and treatment.
To determine the frequency of carotid plaques on Doppler USG and associated presenting symptoms at a Tertiary Care Centre, Lahore
Authors: Sahrish Fariha , Naseer Madiha
Published: December 2022

Objective
To determine the frequency of carotid plaques on Doppler USG and associated presenting symptoms at Tertiary Care Centre, Lahore
Methods
A cross-sectional study of 366 individuals was conducted from January 2020 to November 2020 at the Radiology Department of Shiekh Zayed Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. A consultant radiologist scanned both sides of extra-cranial carotid artery tree. The DUS of carotid arteries was done with a GE Voluson Expert 730 Doppler ultrasound machine, using a linear probe with transducer frequency of 6-12.5MHz.
Results
A total of 366 patients underwent bilateral carotid Doppler ultrasound examinations. Our findings showed carotid plagues in 156 (42.62%) patients and majority were males 105(67.53). Mean age recorded was 61.17 ± 9.54 years and mean body mass index was 25.43 ± 3.40 Kg/m2. Highest number of plaques were noted in the left carotid artery 64 (41.03%), main location was common carotid artery 88 (56.41%) and majority were homogenous plagues 88 (56.41%).Majority patients presented with headache 177 (48.36%). Associated comorbidities were diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia.
Conclusion
The accuracy of diagnosing Carotid artery plagues has greatly increased over time due to radiological innovation. Carotid doppler ultrasound is a cheap noninvasive modality to detect carotid artery plagues due to its sensitivity, precision, and reliability. Since there is a high frequency of carotid plagues noted in middle age male adults, appropriate screening with prophylactic management can save a lot of disease burden from a lower middle income class country.
Forecasting Road Traffic Accident Using Deep Artificial Neural Network Approach in Case of Oromia Special Zone
Authors: Raja Kannaiya , Kaliyaperumal Karthikeyan , L. Velmurugan , Thanappan Subash
Published: December 2022

Millions of people are dying and billions of properties are damaged by road traffic accidents each year worldwide. In the case of our country Ethiopia, the effect of traffic accidents is even more by causing injuries, death, and property damage. Forecasting Road Traffic Accident and Predicting the severity of Road Traffic accident contributes a role indirectly in reducing road traffic accidents. This Study deals with forecasting the number of accident and prediction of the severity of an accident in the Oromia Special Zone using Deep Artificial Neural Network models. Around 6170 Road Traffic accidents data are collected from Oromia Police Commission Excel data and Oromia Special zone Traffic Police Department, the dataset consists of accidents in the Special Zone of Oromia Districts (Woredas) from 2005 to 2012 with 15 accidents attributes. 5928 or (80%) of the dataset was used for the training model and 1482 or (20%) of the dataset was used for the testing model. This study proposed Six different Neural Network architectures such as Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN), Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN), Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models for accident severity prediction and The LSTM model for a time serious forecasting of number accidents within specified years. The models will take input data, classify accidents, predicts the severity of an accident. Accident predictor GUI has been created using Python Tkinter library for easy Accident Severity prediction. According to the model performance results RNN model showed the best prediction accuracy of 97.18% whereas MLP , LTSM, RBFNN, FFNN, and BPNN models showed the accuracy of 97.13%, 91.00%, 87.00%, 80.56%, 77.26%, respectively. LTSM model forecasted accident for Three years which is 3555 where the actual accident number is 3561. The prediction and forecast result obtained from the model will be helpful in planning and management of road traffic accidents.
Corporate Culture in the Educational Environment of the University
Authors:   Dorzhi Banzarov Buryat State University, Erzhena V. Budaeva
Published: December 2022

educational organization should be based on the interaction of all subjects of the educational process. It is known that an important role in the formation of a general, socio-psychological climate in the process of socio-professional adaptation of a person is influenced by pedagogical work at the university, which solves a number of fundamental and important tasks, such as the formation of a civil position of a person based on the spiritual and moral values of students who have positive motivation for educational activities. In addition, corporate culture is the most important component of the culture of human interaction in professional activities. The author analyzes the study on the example of the “Dorzhi Banzarov Buryat State University” Pedagogical Institute in Ulan-Ude. The experiment involved 64 students with a bachelor’s degree, from I–IV full-time courses, studying in the areas of training “Psychological and pedagogical education” and “Pedagogical education”. This paper substantiates and presents the diagnostics of the study of students’ corporate culture. Among the research methods, the following were used: the test “Self-assessment of the parameters of the image of a business person” (an adapted version of the method of M. Spillane), the test of Ch. Sishora to determine the index of group cohesion, a questionnaire on the level of development of reflexivity (A. V. Karpov). The results based on the conducted surveys of respondents, which allowed us to determine the process of forming the corporate culture of students in the educational environment of the university are described by the author. The data obtained in this way have been confirmed and formed the basis for future studies of the process of forming a student’s corporate culture in the educational environment of the university. Keywords: students, socio-psychological climate, cohesion, communication, educational process
The Influence of Table Sports Games on the Formation of Motivation for Students’ Physical Activity
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Sergey T. Kokhan , Sviatlana V. Vlasava ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: December 2022

Encouragement of Russian youth to physical culture and sports is currently one of the most pressing issues. Registered low level of physical activity leads to various diseases and a decrease in the quality of life of students. The purpose of our study is to improve approaches to optimizing physical education classes with students with disabilities based on the assessment and analysis of the motivational aspects of their involvement in table sports. The study is carried out within the framework of the annual sports tournament “Without barriers to success” among the youth of Chita (2022) has made it possible to identify areas for improving approaches to physical education and adaptive physical education optimizing at the university. A total of 63 students took part in the study. The participants are divided into 2 groups: main (group 1) – 31 people and special medical group (SMG; group 2) – 32 people. The author’s questionnaire consists of 21 questions and three main blocks: socio-demographic, motivational and comparative-analytical are included in it. According to the assessment results of the involvement of students of the two groups in physical activity, no statistically significant differences have been found. 83,9 % of the students of the main group are always engaged in physical activity in the classroom. A small number of persons of the 2nd group, for objective and subjective reasons, are not motivated to attend physical education lessons. The important components of the students’ motivation increasing to engage in physical education are active use of table sports games in elective courses in physical education and sports, development of proposed forms of activity for persons with disabilities in the structure of classes; development of sports infrastructure of universities; individual approach to students; the professional competences in the field of inclusive education of teachers improving. Keywords: students, university, board games, motivation, physical culture
Didactic Support for the Development of Information and Communication Competence of Teachers
Authors:   Belgorod State Agricultural University named after V. Gorin, Tatyana S. Inyutina
Published: December 2022

The proposed article is devoted to the problem of the development of information and communication competence of teachers of secondary vocational education in the system of advanced training. The author notes that the process of developing this competence will be effective if a set of conditions is implemented when training under additional professional training programs. In the course of the study, organizational and pedagogical conditions were identified that contribute to the development of information and communication competence of teaching staff. Special attention is paid to one of the conditions, the basis of which is the implementation of a didactic complex of support for the development of information and communication competence of teachers of secondary vocational education. According to the author it is necessary to apply competence-based, technological, as well as systemic approaches for the successful implementation of this process. In order to confirm the hypothesis of the study, a pedagogical experiment has been organized, in which pedagogical workers of secondary vocational education took part. Belgorod and Belgorod region. The main element of the information and communication competence development is the didactic complex, which includes: applied software pedagogical products, knowledge and data bases, information, didactic and methodological tools, audio-video materials; an additional professional training program “Information and communication competence of a teacher”. Control and experimental groups consisted of the pedagogical experiment participants. Special organizational and pedagogical conditions have been created for the participants of the experimental group, while in the control group training took place in the usual standard mode. The author cites the results of the conducted pedagogical experiment, which indicate that the experimental work carried out contributed to an increase in the level of development of this competence. Keywords: teaching staff, secondary vocational education, information and communication competence, didactic complex, professional development
The Telegram-channel as a Means of Developing Cognitive Activity Teenagers
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Larisa V. Skorova , Aleksander S. Myagchenko ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: December 2022

The relevance of the study is due to the need to find new ways to develop the cognitive activity of schoolchildren in the context of the digitalization of all spheres of life of a modern person and the active inclusion of digital services and tools in educational activities. The main research methods are theoretical methods aimed at creating theoretical generalizations that allow us to consider the Telegram channel as a means of developing cognitive activity in adolescents; a survey identifying messengers preferred by schoolchildren, digital resources and devices for obtaining information; psychodiagnostic methods aimed at studying the level of development of cognitive activity in schoolchildren in the subject area “history”; analysis of messengers, which involves the identification of functionality; a formative experiment aimed at developing cognitive activity through the presentation of various types of educational content in the Telegram channel; monitoring the cognitive activity of schoolchildren in history lessons; methods of mathematical and statistical data analysis (T-test, Spearman’s test). The analysis of messengers has made it possible to define Telegram as an accessible digital tool for use in educational activities in order to present educational content to schoolchildren. The structure of the Telegram channel is presented: the selected content is subjected to psychological and methodological analysis. Dynamics has been found in the change in the level of cognitive activity of schoolchildren in the subject area “history” (t = 2,763 at r ≤ 0,01) and self-assessment of cognitive interest (t = 3,574 at r ≤ 0,001) after schoolchildren used educational content posted on the Telegram channel. There has been an increase in interest in learning, a decrease in the number of schoolchildren who are passive during the lesson and are often distracted from educational activities, as well as the activity and independence of adolescents in studying the subject. To make a conclusion it should be outlined that the Telegram channel acts as a learning tool that develops the motivation for cognition, acting as a motivating force for the process of cognition and determining the effectiveness of educational activities, evokes positive emotions in the use of digital tools in training, actualizes the development of new information for the purpose of its practical application and appropriation of new knowledge. Keywords: cognitive activity, digital learning tools, mobile learning, BYOD technology, Telegram channel Acknwledgments.
Formation of Readiness of Future Teachers of Vocational Training to Professional Self-Development by Means of Creative Competition
Authors:   Lugansk State Pedagogical University, Victoria O. Zinchenko , Valeriya O. Lisitsyna ,   Lugansk State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2022

The relevance of the article is due to the need to train specialists capable of productive work in the conditions of accelerated innovative development, the transition to the use of technologies and equipment of a higher level. This determines the problem of readiness formation for professional self-development, which is especially significant for vocational training teachers who are directly involved in the reproduction of the labor force and are capable of carrying out engineering and technical activities at enterprises and organizations in various sectors of the economy. The authors pointed to the insufficient degree of development of the problem of formation of readiness for professional self-development among future teachers of vocational training, taking into account the multifunctional nature of their work, which is due to the requirements of educational standards. This determined the purpose of the article to identify the essence of professional self-development of a teacher of vocational training and the features of its formation by means of a creative competition. Methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization, study of pedagogical experience, conversations and observations, as well as leading positions of system and project methodological approaches were used to conduct the research. The author’s definition of professional self-development of the future teacher of vocational training is presented. The potential possibilities of creative competitions in solving the problem of forming the readiness of students of the direction of training “Professional training (by industry)” for professional self-development based on project planning, which underlies the content of creative competitions and corresponds to the nature of the activity of a teacher of vocational training, are indicated. The experience of preparing future teachers of vocational training at the Lugansk State Pedagogical University for participation in creative competitions is characterized. A systematized list of competencies formed by students at different stages of preparation and participation in creative competitions is presented. Ways of organically combining the possibilities of educational and extracurricular processes in the preparation of future teachers of vocational training for participation in creative competitions and the development of the content of such training, which in general will contribute to the formation of students’ readiness for professional self-development, are proposed. Keywords: professional self-development, vocational training teacher, professional and pedagogical activity, readiness for professional self-development of future vocational training teachers, creative competition, project method