bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Sports Industry: A Review Article
Authors: Rahmani Mojtaba , Majedi Nima , Hemmatinejad Mehrali , Jamshidi Arefeh
Published: July 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the sports industry by enhancing athletic performance, improving predictive analytics, managing health, boosting fan engagement, and ensuring accurate officiating. This review provides a comprehensive examination of AI's applications in sports, drawing from a systematic literature search across databases such as PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar. The methodology involved selecting recent, relevant studies that contribute to understanding AI's impact in sports, with data extraction focusing on AI applications, specific sports contexts, observed benefits, challenges, and future opportunities. In enhancing athletic performance, AI analyzes data from sensors, cameras, and wearable devices to identify strengths and weaknesses, optimizing training programs. Examples include AI-driven platforms in football and basketball that track player positions and actions, providing actionable insights for coaches. Predictive analytics, another crucial AI application, involves forecasting game outcomes and evaluating player performance through historical and current data, aiding in strategic decision-making. AI also plays a vital role in health management and injury prevention by analyzing biomechanical and physiological data to predict potential injuries and monitor recovery, ensuring athletes' well-being and prolonging careers. Fan experience is significantly enhanced through personalized recommendations, virtual assistants, and augmented reality experiences, deepening engagement and satisfaction. Officiating benefits from AI technologies like VAR in football, which review and analyze controversial decisions to ensure accuracy and fairness. Despite the promising applications, challenges such as data quality, cost, and ethical concerns, including privacy and bias, remain. Future opportunities lie in developing real-time feedback systems and integrating AI with the Internet of Things (IoT) for comprehensive data collection, further revolutionizing performance analysis and injury prevention. This review highlights AI's transformative potential in sports, emphasizing the need for high-quality data, cost-effective solutions, and ethical considerations to maximize its benefits and address existing challenges.
Examination of the Impact of Descriptive Evaluation on the Academic Achievement of Students in the Evaz Region
Authors: Mashinchi Ali Asghar
Published: July 2024

Objective: This study examines the impact of descriptive evaluation on the academic achievement of students in the Evaz region. Methods and Materials: It is an applied research study in terms of its objective and a descriptive-survey type in terms of its execution. The statistical population of the study includes all teachers in the Evaz region during the academic year 2017-2018, totaling 604 individuals (258 women and 346 men). Using the Morgan table and stratified random sampling, a sample of 236 individuals (101 women and 135 men) was selected. Research data were collected using academic achievement and descriptive evaluation metrics. The content validity of the research questionnaires was confirmed by experts. Additionally, using factor analysis, the validity of the descriptive evaluation questionnaire was confirmed at 0.93 and the academic achievement questionnaire at 0.86. The reliability of the research questionnaires was also determined using Cronbach's alpha method, with the descriptive evaluation questionnaire at 0.90 and the academic achievement questionnaire at 0.92. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings: The research results indicated that descriptive evaluation has a significant impact on students' academic achievement. Conclusion: The principal should identify the existing knowledge in the school, making it accessible and extractable. To achieve this, the principal should create a platform for expanding human interactions and relationships within networks to uncover and extract implicit knowledge.
The Effectiveness of Schema Therapy on Depression, Self-Esteem, and Distress Tolerance in Fatherless Depressed Adolescents
Authors: Fereydooni Faeze , Sheykhan Reyhane
Published: July 2024

Objective: Losing a loved one due to death is a universal human experience, and many consider it one of the most stressful life events. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy on depression, self-esteem, and distress tolerance in fatherless depressed adolescents. Methods and Materials: This applied research utilized a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test and a control group. Using cluster random sampling, 30 adolescents (19 girls and 11 boys) who had lost their fathers in the past 1 to 2 years and scored high on the Beck Depression Inventory (1961) were selected from high schools in Arak city. They were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. As a pre-test, participants completed the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (1967) and the Simons and Gaher Distress Tolerance Scale (2005). The experimental group received 10 weekly sessions (90 minutes each) of group schema therapy based on the Young et al. (2012) protocol. Findings: According to the findings, schema therapy significantly impacted depression (F = 17.25), self-esteem (F = 36.34), and distress tolerance (F = 17.74) in adolescents. Conclusion: These findings suggest that effective treatments, such as schema therapy, can reduce the negative outcomes associated with the experience of father loss.
Qualitative Study of Factors Influencing Internet Addiction in Adolescents: Design and Validation of an Intervention Based on It
Authors: Ahmadi Mohadese
Published: July 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to qualitatively investigate the factors influencing internet addiction and to design an intervention based on these factors for adolescents. Methods and Materials: The research method was a sequential exploratory mixed method. In the first part of this study, a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach was used to examine adolescents' lived experiences of internet addiction. To achieve this goal, unstructured interviews were conducted, and theoretical saturation was reached after interviewing 20 adolescents. The interviews were then transcribed and entered into MAXQDA software for coding and categorization. Findings: Using thematic analysis, 33 sub-themes and 13 main themes were identified. Subsequently, based on the extracted themes and with reference to theoretical and research backgrounds, an 11-session educational intervention was developed. In the next part of the study, to validate the educational intervention, its content validity was assessed using the Delphi method. A panel of 12 experts was consulted, and the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) were calculated. The content validity index and content validity ratio for the intervention sessions ranged from 0.91 to 1, indicating a satisfactory level. Conclusion: Therefore, the educational intervention based on adolescents' lived experiences regarding internet addiction possesses the necessary validity for application in educational, clinical, and research settings. However, evaluating the effectiveness of this intervention package requires experimental research in this area.
A Qualitative Study on Factors Leading to Victimization in Cyberspace Among Adolescent Girls in Isfahan
Authors: Motamedi Qalati Maryam , Namdarpour Fahimeh , Sharifi Esfahani Mahmood
Published: July 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the factors contributing to cyber victimization among adolescent girls and to design and validate a questionnaire based on these factors. Methods and Materials: This research utilized a qualitative approach, employing thematic analysis to identify the factors contributing to cyber victimization. The study sample consisted of adolescent girls in high school in Isfahan, Iran, who had experienced cyber victimization. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with eight participants, selected via purposive sampling until data saturation was achieved. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using MAXQDA software. Findings: The findings revealed three main categories of factors contributing to cyber victimization: intrapersonal, familial, and environmental. Intrapersonal factors included self-esteem issues, personality traits, lack of social skills, and internet addiction. Familial factors encompassed poor family relations and inappropriate parental responses. Environmental factors involved academic problems and lack of media literacy. The most frequently reported issue was the lack of friendly relationships between parents and children, while the least frequent factor was comparison with siblings and peers. Conclusion: The study underscores the multifaceted nature of cyber victimization among adolescent girls, highlighting the significant roles of intrapersonal, familial, and environmental factors. Effective prevention and intervention strategies should address these factors concurrently. Enhancing self-esteem, social skills, media literacy, and fostering supportive family and school environments are crucial. Further research is needed to validate these findings in diverse populations and explore cultural influences on cyber victimization. Through comprehensive and collaborative efforts, the detrimental effects of cyber victimization on adolescents can be effectively mitigated.
The Effectiveness of Adolescent-centered Mindfulness Therapy on Academic Engagement and Buoyancy in Anxious Middle School Students
Authors: Nikoei Esfahani Elahe , Bahramipour Esfahani Mansoureh , Golparvar Mohsen
Published: July 2024

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of adolescent-centered mindfulness therapy on academic engagement and buoyancy in anxious middle school students.

Methods and Materials: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test design, including a control group and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of this study consisted of anxious middle school students in Isfahan during the 2023-2024 academic year. A total of 34 anxious students were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (18 students in the experimental group and 16 students in the control group). Students in the experimental group received adolescent-centered mindfulness therapy over ten weeks in ten 90-minute sessions. The questionnaires used in this study included the Anxiety Inventory (Beck et al., 1988), the Academic Engagement Questionnaire (Fredericks, Blumenfeld, & Paris, 2004), and the Academic Buoyancy Questionnaire (Martin & Marsh, 2008). The data were analyzed using mixed ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test with SPSS23 software.

Findings: The results showed that adolescent-centered mindfulness therapy had a significant impact on academic engagement (P<0.0001; Eta=0.56; F=41.68) and academic buoyancy (P<0.0001; Eta=0.58; F=44.22) in anxious students.

Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that adolescent-centered mindfulness therapy, through the application of mindful practices such as mindful eating, purposeful and mindful breathing, and mindful walking, can lead to an increase in the mindful skills of anxious students, thereby enhancing their academic engagement and buoyancy
Modeling Structural Equations of Thought/Action Fusion, Cognitive Beliefs, Mindfulness, and Experiential Avoidance with Symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in a Non-Clinical Population
Authors: Asgharnezhad Rozna , Alivandi Vafa Marziyeh , Abdi Reza
Published: July 2024

Objective: This study aimed to examine the structural relationships between thought/action fusion, cognitive beliefs, mindfulness, and experiential avoidance with symptoms of OCD in a non-clinical population. Methods and Materials: The research design was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this study included all university students in Tabriz. A sample of 500 individuals was selected using convenience sampling. The research instruments included the revised Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory, the Thought/Action Fusion Scale, the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire, the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (second version). Pearson's correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the research hypotheses. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. Findings: The statistical analysis results indicated that the combination of cognitive beliefs, mindfulness, and experiential avoidance variables could predict the symptoms of washing, obsession, hoarding, order, checking, and neutralizing symptoms of OCD (p < .05). Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be inferred that professionals can utilize the potential of the studied variables in the areas of diagnosis and clinical interventions for OCD.
Development of a Psycho-Emotional Empowerment Training Package Based on the Lived Experiences of Single-Parent Adolescent Boys and Its Effectiveness on Parent-Child Interaction
Authors: Shams Zahra , Sedrpoushan Najmeh , Dehghan Marieh
Published: July 2024

Objective: This study aimed to develop a psycho-emotional empowerment training package based on the lived experiences of single-parent adolescent boys and to examine its effectiveness on parent-child interaction. Methods and Materials: The research method was qualitative, phenomenological-descriptive, and the method for the quantitative part was a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, post-test, control group, and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population included single-parent adolescent boys studying in the first secondary school level in Abadeh city during the 2023-2022 academic year. The qualitative sample consisted of 15 single-parent adolescent boys selected through purposive sampling and subjected to in-depth interviews. The quantitative sample included 35 single-parent adolescent boys selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (18 adolescents in the experimental group and 17 adolescents in the control group). The adolescents in the experimental group received the psycho-emotional empowerment training package over 10 weeks in 10 90-minute sessions. The pre-test was conducted before the intervention, the post-test was conducted after the intervention, and the follow-up phase was conducted two months later. The questionnaire used in this study was the Parent-Child Interaction Questionnaire (Fine, Moreland, & Schwebel, 1983). Data obtained from the study were analyzed using mixed analysis of variance with SPSS23 statistical software. Findings: The results indicated that the psycho-emotional empowerment training package had sufficient content validity according to experts. Additionally, this training package had an impact on parent-child interaction (P<0.001; Eta=0.64; F=56.98) among single-parent adolescent boys. Conclusion: Based on the study's findings, it can be concluded that the psycho-emotional empowerment training package, by creating emotional competencies, gaining competence, autonomy, effectiveness, and establishing connections with others, empathy, and kind behavior towards others, can be used as an effective method to improve parent-child interaction in single-parent adolescent boys.
Cultural Influences on Perceptions of Parenthood and Family Life
Authors: Elwakeel Sayed Ahmad
Published: July 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the cultural influences on perceptions of parenthood and family life. It aims to understand how cultural norms, values, and practices shape parenting roles, responsibilities, and challenges among parents from diverse backgrounds. Method: This qualitative study utilized semi-structured interviews to gather data from 28 participants representing various cultural backgrounds. Participants were recruited through community centers, cultural organizations, and social media platforms. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using NVivo software, following the principle of theoretical saturation to ensure comprehensive data collection. Thematic analysis was employed to identify and analyze patterns and themes related to cultural influences on parenthood. Results: The analysis revealed three main themes: Cultural Traditions, Parenting Practices, and Challenges and Adaptations. Cultural traditions influenced family roles, rituals, religious beliefs, language, and cultural identity. Parenting practices varied widely, encompassing diverse parenting styles, discipline methods, education priorities, health and nutrition, work-life balance, and family support networks. Participants also faced significant challenges in integrating into new societies, managing intergenerational conflicts, economic pressures, accessing resources, and addressing mental health and legal issues. Conclusion: Cultural influences play a crucial role in shaping perceptions and practices of parenthood and family life. This study highlights the need for culturally sensitive approaches in supporting parents and children from diverse backgrounds. The findings underscore the importance of inclusive policies and practices that address the unique needs of culturally diverse families, promoting equitable access to resources and support. Further research is recommended to explore the dynamic nature of cultural influences on parenting and to develop comprehensive strategies for supporting diverse family structures.
Globalization, Glocalization, and the Changing Nature of Pilgrimage in a Post-Secular World
Authors: H. Olsen Daniel
Published: July 2024

Globalization is a commonly used term to describe the rapid changes and spatial transformations that have taken place on a global scale over the past forty years. The purpose of this paper is to examine how globalization has influenced pilgrimage from a geographical perspective. This paper begins with a discussion on globalization and glocalization. Attention is then turned to the changing use of the term and practice of pilgrimage in the modern, and post-secular world. The text then discusses ten ways in which modern pilgrimage travel has changed due to globalization, including: the democratization of pilgrimage; changes in the sacred laws of hospitality; the increasing medicalization of pilgrimage; pilgrims as an unwanted guest; technology and the pilgrimage experience; the over-commodification and monetization of pilgrimage; the segmenting of pilgrimage and tourism; pilgrimage as spectacle and play; transplanted pilgrimages; and pilgrimage as a sustainable practice(?), are discussed before concluding.
RECEIVER UNDER THE CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE AND SPECIFIC RELIEF ACT IN BANGLADESH: A CRITIQUE
Authors: Islam Md. Jahurul
Published: July 2024

This study attempts to investigate and discuss our understanding of the prevalence and determinants of a Receiver both under the Civil Procedure Code and Specific Relief Act with an early reflection on the nature and part of a Receiverunder our CourtFramework, the interrelationship between the obligations and liabilities of the sources in common, encourage issues secured and incorporate the common arrangements concerning Receiver within the courts nowadays. Attention is given to the definition of the category ‘Receiver', which endeavors to administer the widespread structure of Receiver in SouthEast Asia becauseIt is particularly pertinent for studies interested in the comparative civil lawful theory; the convergences of the law practices; and the part of the law in determining or transforming the Receiver. The mode and effect of his appointment, and his rights, powers duties, and liabilities are regulated by the Code of Civil Procedure and Specific Relief Act.
Physical Activity and Lifestyle of Female Students of the Faculty of Health Sciences University of Applied Sciences in Tarnów (Poland)
Authors: Karolina Schab , Ryszard Żarów
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Physical activity is a natural need of every human being, brings significant health benefits, and adapts the body to exertion. Lifestyle is based on conscious choices that affect health. Health-promoting activities such as regular physical activity, healthy and wholesome meals, adequate recovery, and stress reduction in daily life minimize the risk of future behavior. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Physical Activity (PA) and lifestyle of female students of the Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) at the Tarnow University of Applied Sciences surveyed in February and March 2023. Among other things, the time, frequency, and places of physical activity were investigated, and did the physical activity and lifestyle of female students differ according to the field of study undertaken and between first- and fourth-year physiotherapy students? Methods: The survey was conducted among 167 female students of physiotherapy, physical education, nursing, and cosmetology at the FHS. Using a diagnostic survey, a questionnaire survey was conducted, the research tool was a survey questionnaire of our design, which included questions on physical activity, lifestyle, and sociodemographic data. Results: The results indicate that the female students led active and healthy lifestyles. The vast majority, more than 90%, of the female students surveyed were aware of how physical fitness and their health-promoting activities, as well as knowledge related to these issues, would be important in their future profession. Regarding the field of study and the physical activity undertaken, a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was shown, it was the female students from physical education who were the most active among all women. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the chosen field of study influences the declared health-promoting behavior of female students and that the physical activity undertaken and the healthy lifestyle are related to the choice of future profession, while the field of study and the year of the study did not differentiate the lifestyle of female students.
Perilaku Adopsi Cahsless Sebagai Dampak Insentif Keuangan (Cashback, Diskon & Program Loyalitas)
Authors: Hamizar Arizal , Nacikit Muhammad R , Holle Mohammad H , Kamaruddin
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendalami perilaku konsumen terkait penggunaan pembayaran cashless dan respon terhadap insentif keuangan dalam konteks pasar digital. Fokus utama penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan konsumen dalam mengadopsi pembayaran cashless serta mengeksplorasi sejauh mana insentif keuangan seperti cashback, diskon dan program loyalitas dalam mendorong perubahan perilaku konsumen. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data utama adalah wawancara mendalam atau depth interview terhadap informan terpilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adopsi pembayaran cashless telah meningkat secara signifikan di kalangan berbagai kelompok usia, terutama generasi muda. Insentif keuangan, seperti diskon, cashback, dan program loyalitas, memiliki dampak positif dalam memotivasi konsumen untuk menggunakan pembayaran non-tunai. Pengalaman konsumen terkait dengan program insentif keuangan menyoroti pentingnya desain program yang mudah dipahami dan interaktif.
Efek Teknologi Informasi dan Work Life Balance Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada New Normal
Authors: Lukmana Putra Indra
Published: July 2024

The development of information technology has developed and influenced employee performance behavior in a business entity, especially in the new normal era where terms such as work life balance have emerged. The main aim of the research is to analyze the influence of information technology and work-life balance on employee performance. Both have the effect of supporting employee performance. Information technology and work-life balance as variables to assess the influence of employee performance. This research uses a quantitative approach with the type of explanatory research. The form of research observation is in the form of surveys and questionnaires. The research results show that information technology and work-life balance have a significant influence on employee performance in multinational business entities in the New Normal era. So it is known that information technology and Work Life Balance variables have a positive effect on employee performance in the New Normal era.
Keywords: Information Technology, Work Life Balance, Employee Performance
Analisis Peramalan Penjualan Produk Dalam Optimalisasi Stok Pada UMKM
Authors: Widiyanti  , Raden Firyal F Camila  , Wiji Safitri  , Nur Hidayati
Published: July 2024

Forecasting is a method of predicting sales in the next period. Satay as Indonesia's favorite food should use fresh ingredients because it affects the taste.  The mismatch between the amount of production and demand results in the company experiencing excess stock. Thus, this study aims to determine and forecast the sales of Warung Sate Sido Stop by Pak Min Solo. This study used a quantitative approach, where the data collection method was carried out by means of interview and observation techniques. The population and sample in this study used sales data for the period January to September 2023, and the sampling technique for this study used non-probability sampling techniques, namely judgment sampling. The data analysis technique used is forecasting with moving average and exponential smoothing methods. Tools used in processing data using Ms.Excel through the stages of data collection, calculation, selection and application of appropriate forecasting. The results of forecasting analysis show that the exponential smoothing method with α = 0.9 is better to use because this forecasting method has the smallest overall error rate value of 8.90%. Thus, these MSMEs should follow the calculation of the exponential smoothing forecasting method with α = 0.9 because they are able to forecast and determine the optimal amount of production so that satay is always with fresh raw materials.
Does the boycott affect Israel-affiliated companies in Indonesia?
Authors: Nurman Ilham Fadzilah  , Lenni Yovita  , Dwi Eko Waluyo  , Vicky Oktavia
Published: July 2024

This study aims to analyze changes in abnormal returns and trading volume Activity (TVA) before and after the announcement of MUI Fatwa Number 83 of 2023 on companies that are targeted for boycott and allegedly affiliated with Israel. The researcher used an event study approach with an event window of 100 days before and 100 days after the announcement of MUI Fatwa Number 83 of 2023 to calculate abnormal returns and trading volume activity. The analysis step carried out in this study is to test the normality of the data first to see if the data has been distributed normally or not, then to test the hypothesis. For normally distributed data, the Paired Sample T-test will be used and the normally undistributed data will use Wilcoxon Signed Rank. The results of this study showed that there was no significant difference in abnormal returns before and after the boycott, but there was a significant difference in trading volume activity before and after. These findings reflect that the boycott has no significant impact and the impact of the boycott is only temporary. However, the action reacted to changes in market sentiment due to the boycott that affected the trading of shares of the boycotted target companies.
The role of tahfidz teacher in improving al-qur'an memorization at Riyadh El-Jannah Islamic School Bekasi
Authors: Rahmat Muhammad Nur , Suharsiwi Suharsiwi , Susilahati Susilahati
Published: July 2024

This article aims to find out the Obstacles teachers feel in guiding students to memorize the Al-Qur'an and what strategies teachers use to help their students memorize the Al-Qur'an. The research used is qualitative with a descriptive analysis approach. The research results show that Tahfiz Riyadh El-Jannah teachers face various obstacles, such as students who are not yet fluent in reading the Koran, lack of student motivation, and differences in student intelligence. However, in dealing with these obstacles, teachers use strategies that are used by Tahfiz teachers, including time management, choosing a good place and environment, and determining the material to be memorized regularly. In educating students to memorize the Al-Qur'an consistently, it is essential to first develop a love for the Al-Qur'an through example or modern education to support memorizing the Al-Qur'an.
Phonological Analysis of Errors in the Realization of Consonant Cluster System Encountered by Koro Ashe ESL Learners
Authors: Jatau Stephen , Tanimu Yusuf , Shehu Ibrahim Ahmad
Published: July 2024

This paper analyzes phonological errors in the realization of English consonant clusters system by Koro Ashe ESL learners with the hope of improving their spoken aspect of English. The population of this study consists of Eighty (80) Koro Ashe ESL learners of English in Nasarawa State University Keffi Nigeria. Out of this population, fifty (50) were randomly selected to carry out the investigation. The instrument used in collecting data for this investigation was Oral Production Test (OPT), a pronunciation test that assessed participants’ CCs pronunciations. The theoretical framework used in this paper was Error Analysis Theory (EA). The instrument employed to analyze the data was simple percentage. The result of the findings showed that most Koro Ashe learners of English do encounter CCs pronunciation difficulties in both the onset and coda positions. However, most errors occurred in the coda position, especially, the three to four CCs patterns (-CCC –CCCC) and the CCs with the dental fricative/stop either at the onset or the final position.it was also discovered that, the subjects used strategies such as epenthesis, deletion, substitution, or some combination thereof to simplify their CCs realization. It was recommended that, while teaching consonant clusters to Koro Ashe learners of English emphasis should be on three to four CCs patterns (-CCC –CCCC) and CCs with the dental fricative/stop either at the onset or the final positions. Also, the spoken aspect of English should be taught earlier in kindergarten or primary school to eliminate the challenges that mostly affect adult learners of English.
Enhancing Aceclofenac Solubility and Dissolution with PVP K30 and β-Cyclodextrin
Authors: Singh Manju , Kumar Vijay
Published: July 2024

Aceclofenac (AC) is a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) known for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties. Its effectiveness is comparable to other NSAIDs, with a similar onset of action. As a Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) Class II compound, the oral bioavailability of AC is limited by its dissolution rate in the gastrointestinal tract. Enhancing the dissolution rate of AC is crucial for improving its bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. This study aimed to prepare and characterize solid dispersions of AC using a mixed excipient system of β-cyclodextrin and polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) as carriers, and to examine their effect on the drug's dissolution rate. Solid dispersions were created via physical mixture and solvent evaporation methods using different ratios of AC to the excipient system. The formulations were evaluated for parameters such as practical yield, drug content, bulk and tapped density, Hausner’s ratio, Carr’s index, angle of repose, and in vitro drug release. The results showed a significant increase in drug release for the solid dispersions compared to the pure drug, with the solvent evaporation method proving more effective than the physical mixture method. Solid dispersion techniques offer numerous benefits by altering drug release characteristics, leading to faster drug release within the body. The study demonstrated that the solubility of poorly soluble drugs like AC can be significantly improved through solid dispersion methods. The use of water-soluble carriers such as PVP K30 and β-cyclodextrin effectively modified the drug release profiles. Solid dispersions of AC with PVP K30 were prepared in drug-to-carrier ratios of 1:1 to 1:5 using the solvent evaporation method, while inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin were prepared by the kneading method in similar ratios. The formulations were screened for yield, texture, color, physical characteristics, and suitability.
KOMUNIKASI MODEL LASSWELL DAN STIMULUS-ORGANISM-RESPONSE DALAM MEWUJUDKAN PEMBELAJARAN MENYENANGKAN KELAS 3 SD
Authors: Yasmin Aisyah Faradhilah , Priyanata Arif Bagus
Published: July 2024

This research was conducted on the basis of problems in educational communication. The research subjects were 3rd grade elementary school students. The object of this research is the ability to communicate in creating fun learning by using the Lasswell and stimulus-organism-response (SOR) communication models. This study aims to determine the pattern of communication that is applied to grade 3 SD. The method used in this research is qualitative. The results of this study indicate that communication has an important role for the advancement of education. Communication that has been designed systematically so that students participate in the learning process in a fun way and influence the cognitive and affective aspects of the learning process is achieved
Formation mechanism of plateau, rapid fall and tail in phosphorus diffusion profile in silicon based on the pair diffusion models of vacancy mechanism and interstitial mechanism
Authors: Yoshida Masayuki , Morooka Masami , Tanaka Shuji , Takahashi Manabu
Published: July 2024

P diffuses predominantly by the interstitial mechanism in Si. Assuming that there is a strong binding energy between P and I, therefore, the basic process of P diffusion is the diffusion of (PI), where I and (PI) represent self-interstitials and P-I pairs, respectively. In the high-P-concentration region, excess I is generated by the dissociation of (PI) and the limiting process of P diffusion depends on whether or not excess I is controlled. That is, if the concentration of excess I decreases relatively to the equilibrium I concentration due to the effect of the decrease in quasi self-interstitial formation energy, or if excess I is removed by the recombination with vacancies, P diffuses fast and the plateau is formed; if not, P diffuses slowly and the rapid fall is formed. In the tail region, the P concentration is low and the limiting process of P diffusion is the basic process of P diffusion, that is, the diffusion of (PI). Excess I generated in the high-P-concentration region diffuses into the low-P-concentration region, and I is supersaturated there. Therefore, the concentration of (PI) increases, resulting in the fast diffusion of P and the formation of the tail.
Molecular Traffic Control in a 3D network of single file channels and fast reactivity
Authors: Brzank Andreas , Kwon Sungchul , Schütz Gunter
Published: July 2024

We study the conditions for reactivity enhancement of catalytic processes in porous solids by use of molecular traffic control (MTC) as a function of grain size. We extend a recently introduced two dimensional model system to three dimensions. With dynamic Monte-Carlo simulations and analytical solution of the associated Master equation we obtain a quantitative description of the MTC effect in the limit of fast reactivity. The efficiency ratio (compared with a topologically and structurally similar reference system without MTC) is inversely proportional to the grain diameter.
Why you can’t use water to make cryoporometric measurements of the pore size distributions in meteorites – or in high iron content clays, rocks or concrete
Authors: Webber John Beausire Wyatt , Bland Philip , Strange John H. , Anderson Ross , Tohidi Bahman
Published: July 2024

Many porous materials have high susceptibility magnetic gradients in the pores, due to the presence of iron or other magnetic materials. Thus if probe liquids are placed in the pores they exhibit fast decaying signals with a short T2*. Usually the actual T2 of the liquids is also reduced, due the presence of paramagnetic ions in the pore walls. The usual solution in NMR is to measure an echo (or echo train) at short times. However, recent work [J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 19, 415117, 2007.] has shown that water/ice systems near a pore wall form rotator phase plastic ice, with T2 relaxation times in the region of 100 to 200 ms. Thus if a NMR cryoporometric measurement is attempted with a measurement time significantly less than 1 or 2 milli-seconds, the result is to make a measurement based on the phase properties of the brittle to plastic ice phase transition, not that of the brittle ice to water phase transition. This gives rise to artefacts of small pore sizes that may not actually be present. This work successfully uses a-polar liquids instead.
Surface diffusion in catalysts probed by APGSTE NMR
Authors: Weber Daniel , Mantle Michael D. , Sederman Andrew J. , Gladden Lynn F.
Published: July 2024

In this work we report the application of a recently developed experimental protocol using Pulsed Field Gradient (PFG) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) techniques to simultaneously assess bulk pore and surface diffusion coefficients in liquid saturated porous catalysts. This method has been developed to study solvent effects on the diffusion of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) in mesoporous 1 wt% Pd/Al2O3 catalyst trilobes. The selection of solvents used in this work is known to have a complex effect on reaction rates and hence catalyst performance in heterogeneous liquid phase catalysis. Here, we report the bulk pore and surface diffusion characteristics of MEK, water and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) in 1 wt% Pd/Al2O3 catalyst trilobes. The results show that the physicochemical interactions of molecules in the porous catalyst matrix are very different for the different molecules. We also find that the mobility of water appears to be affected strongest by the catalyst surface.
Optimal k-space sampling for single point imaging of transient systems
Authors: Parasoglou Prodromos , Sederman Andrew J. , Rasburn John , Powell Hugh , Johns Michael L.
Published: July 2024

A modification of the Single Point Imaging (SPI) is presented. The novel approach aims at increasing the sensitivity of the method and hence the resulting Signal-to-Noise ratio (SNR) for a given total time interval. With prior knowledge of the shape of the object under study, a selective sparse k-space sampling can then be used to follow dynamic phenomena of transient systems, in this case the absorption of moisture by a cereal-based wafer material. Further improvement in the image quality is achieved when the un-sampled k-space points are replaced by those of the initial dry or the final wet sample acquired at the beginning and the end of the acquisition respectively when there are no acquisition time limitations.
Poly (dimethyl siloxane) films in porous media
Authors: Ayalur-Karunakaran Santhosh , Stapf Siegfried
Published: July 2024

Poly (Dimethyl siloxane) thin films were prepared by solvent evaporation method in porous alumina hosts. The thickness of these layers ranged from multilayer to sub-monolayer. Different NMR methods (FFC relaxometry, transverse relaxation, 1H Double quantum NMR) were applied to study the dynamics and order in these thin films. We found that dynamic restrictions and order increased with decreasing layer size. The increase of a short component of T2 from CPMG curves was attributed to the thawing of the adsorbed chains as seen in the decrease of the short component from Hahn echoes.
Numerical modeling of the carbonate and the sandstone formations
Authors: Ryu Seungoh
Published: July 2024

It is of interest in various scientific and industrial contexts to make a reliable estimation of the transport properties of porous media via more accessible probes such as NMR that yield information on static pore geometry and porosity. When the pore geometry is simple, there are empirical recipes that have long proven reliable in bridging the gap. For heterogeneous systems, such recipes fail to give a consistent prediction and invite case-by-case modifications. This is just one of many indications that the complex pore geometry erodes the predictive power of empirical laws that work well in simpler situations. Heterogeneity combined with sizeable diffusive coupling in extended pore space further undermines the validity of the MR interpretation based on simple pore geometry. On top of this, possible spatial variation of surface relaxivity may further complicate the interpretation. Resolution of these issues for real life samples requires elaborate simulations in tandem with experimental verifications on the shared pore geometry. We report on a recent progress which allows combined parallel Lattice Boltzmann and random walk simulations to study transport and diffusion properties in various types of pore geometry, from simple 2D micro-fluidic mazes, 3D glass-bead packs and sandstones to more complex carbonates.
Method and experimental study of 2-D NMR logging
Authors: Liao Guangzhi , Xiao Lizhi , Xie Ranhong
Published: July 2024

Two-dimension (2D) NMR measurements have been performed to provide more information for qualitative identification and quantitative evaluation of the reservoir-fluids both in numerical simulation and in laboratory experiments. The data acquired with variable echo spacing and waiting time was inverted by multi-exponential inversion method. We use these 2D inversion results to identify fluid types and calculate fluid-saturation. We also detect the distribution of internal field gradients of core samples which contain paramagnetic minerals.
129 Xe NMR of xenon trapped in fully dehydrated mesoporous silica
Authors: Hattori Mineyuki , Hayamizu Kikuko , Hiraga Takashi , Hata Nobuhiro
Published: July 2024

129Xe NMR spectra of natural abundant xenon gas trapped in fully dehydrated mesoporous materials with pore sizes smaller than 2 nm in diameter were observed under atmospheric pressure in the temperature range between 168 and 373 K. The average pore diameters of the materials studied in this paper were 0.5, 1 and about 2 nm for molecular sieves 5A and 13X and synthesized mesoporous silica, respectively. The samples were fully dehydrated using an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) system and xenon gas was introduced with the sample pre-cooled to 168 K just above the boiling point of xenon. The 129Xe NMR spectra were observed as a function of increasing temperature and the 129Xe shift were observed at each temperature for the three samples under atmospheric pressure. The behaviors of xenon atoms in small pores observed in equilibrium states can provide important information on relationships between the pore structure and 129Xe chemical shift.
Surface diffusion of particles over bivariate trap lattices
Authors: Tarasenko Alexander , Jastrabik Lubomir
Published: July 2024

We investigate the diffusion of particles on heterogeneous lattices with two kinds of nonequivalent sites. General analytical expressions for the chemical and jump diffusion coefficients have been derived in the case of strong inhomogeneity. We have calculated coverage dependencies of the diffusion coefficients and other necessary thermodynamic quantities for some representative values of the lateral pairwise interaction between the particles. The analytical data have been compared with the numerical data obtained by the kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. Almost perfect agreement between the respective results has been found.
Investigations of solid liquid interfaces in ultra-thin liquid films via single particle tracking of silica particles
Authors: Trenkmann Ines , Täuber Daniela , Bauer Michael , Schuster Jörg , Bok Sangho , Gangopadhyay Shubhra , Borczyskowski Christian von
Published: July 2024

Single particle tracking with a wide field microscope is used to study the solid liquid interface between the viscous liquid tetrakis(2 ethylhexoxy)-silane and a silicon dioxide surface. Silicon dioxide nanoparticles (5 nm diameter) marked with the fluorescent dye rhodamine 6G are used as probes. The distributions of diffusion coefficients, obtained by mean squared displacements, reveal heterogeneities with at least two underlying diffusion components. Measurements on films with varying film thicknesses show that the slower component is independent of the film thickness, while the faster one increases with the film thickness. Additionally, we could show that the diffusion behavior of the particles cannot be sufficiently described by only two diffusion coefficients.
Swelling kinetics of unsaturated polyester–layered silicate nanocomposite
Authors: Katoch Sunain , Sharma Vinay , Kundu Patit Paban
Published: July 2024

Kinetics of swelling and sorption behavior of unsaturated polyester nanocomposite (based on glycolyzed PET, maleic anhydride, styrene, and montmorillonite) synthesized by two different mixing methods, simultaneous and sequential is studied in acetic acid at different temperatures. The values of n in the transport equation are found to be below 0.5, showing non-Fickian or pseudo-Fickian transport in the polymers. The dependence of diffusion coefficient on the mixing methods and temperature has also been studied for the unsaturated polyester nanocomposite. The diffusion coefficients in simultaneous mixing samples decrease with an increase in the mixing time in the samples. In case of the sequential mixing samples, the diffusion coefficient increases with an increase in mixing time. The diffusion coefficient increases with an increase in temperature for all the unsaturated polyester nanocomposite samples. The sorption coefficient increases with an increase in the mixing time for all the samples synthesized by in-situ mixing method. The crosslink density (calculated from the CH3COOH swelling) ranges from 5.014 to 7.092 × 102 mol/cm3 for simultaneous mixed samples and 5.212 to 7.192 × 102 mol/cm3 for sequentially mixed samples.
High field MR microimaging investigation gives more insights on spongy bone characteristics
Authors: Santis Silvia De , Pietro Giulia Di , Rebuzzi Mauro , Capuani Silvia
Published: July 2024

Spongy-bone is a porous system characterized by a solid trabecular network immersed in bonemarrow and characterized by a different relative percentage of water and fats. In our previous paper, we demonstrated using calf bone samples, that water is more prevalent in the boundary zone while fats are rearranged primarily in the central zone of each pore. Moreover we showed that water internal gradient (Gi) magnitude from the samples was directly proportional to their trabecular bone density. Using a 9.4T MR micro-imaging system, here we evaluated T2, T2*, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and Gi parameters from in vitro calf samples in spatially resolved modality, for both water and fat components. Moreover, relative percentages of water and fats were quantified from spectra. T2, T2* and ADC values are higher in fat than in water component. Moreover, the differential effects of fat and water diffusion result in different T2 and Gi behaviours. Our results suggest that differently from fat parameters, water T2*, ADC and Gi, may be reliable markers to assess not only trabecular bone density but, more generally, the status of spongy bone.