bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiphase ISM in the z = 5.7 Hyperluminous Starburst SPT 0346–52
Authors: Litke Katrina C. , Marrone Daniel P. , Aravena Manuel , Béthermin Matthieu , Chapman Scott C. , Dong Chenxing , Hayward Christopher C. , Hill Ryley , Jarugula Sreevani , Malkan Matthew A. , Narayanan Desika , Reuter Cassie A. , Spilker Justin S. , Sulzenauer Nikolaus , Vieira Joaquin D. , Weiß Axel
Published: April 2022

With ΣSFR ∼ 4200 M
⊙ yr−1 kpc−2, SPT 0346–52 (z = 5.7) is the most intensely star-forming galaxy discovered by the South Pole Telescope. In this paper, we expand on previous spatially resolved studies, using ALMA observations of dust continuum, [N ii] 205 μm, [C ii] 158 μm, [O i] 146 μm, and undetected [N ii] 122 μm and [O i] 63 μm emission to study the multiphase interstellar medium (ISM) in SPT 0346–52. We use pixelated, visibility-based lens modeling to reconstruct the source-plane emission. We also model the source-plane emission using the photoionization code cloudy and find a supersolar metallicity system. We calculate T
dust = 48.3 K and λ
peak = 80 μm and see line deficits in all five lines. The ionized gas is less dense than comparable galaxies, with n

e
< 32 cm−3, while ∼20% of the [C ii] 158 μm emission originates from the ionized phase of the ISM. We also calculate the masses of several phases of the ISM. We find that molecular gas dominates the mass of the ISM in SPT 0346–52, with the molecular gas mass ∼4× higher than the neutral atomic gas mass and ∼100× higher than the ionized gas mass.
The MASSIVE Survey. XVII. A Triaxial Orbit-based Determination of the Black Hole Mass and Intrinsic Shape of Elliptical Galaxy NGC 2693
Authors: Pilawa Jacob D. , Liepold Emily R. , Delgado Andrade Silvana C. , Walsh Jonelle L. , Ma Chung-Pei , Quenneville Matthew E. , Greene Jenny E. , Blakeslee John P.
Published: April 2022

We present a stellar dynamical mass measurement of a newly detected supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the center of the fast-rotating, massive elliptical galaxy NGC 2693 as part of the MASSIVE survey. We combine high signal-to-noise ratio integral field spectroscopy (IFS) from the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph with wide-field data from the Mitchell Spectrograph at McDonald Observatory to extract and model stellar kinematics of NGC 2693 from the central ∼150 pc out to ∼2.5 effective radii. Observations from Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 are used to determine the stellar light distribution. We perform fully triaxial Schwarzschild orbit modeling using the latest TriOS code and a Bayesian search in 6D galaxy model parameter space to determine NGC 2693's SMBH mass (M
BH), stellar mass-to-light ratio, dark matter content, and intrinsic shape. We find

M

BH

=

1.7
±
0.4

×

10

9

M

⊙

and a triaxial intrinsic shape with axis ratios p = b/a = 0.902 ± 0.009 and

q
=
c

/

a
=

0.721

−
0.010

+
0.011

, triaxiality parameter T = 0.39 ± 0.04. In comparison, the best-fit orbit model in the axisymmetric limit and (cylindrical) Jeans anisotropic model of NGC 2693 prefer

M

BH

=

2.4
±
0.6

×

10

9

M

⊙

and

M

BH

=

2.9
±
0.3

×

10

9

M

⊙

, respectively. Neither model can account for the non-axisymmetric stellar velocity features present in the IFS data.
Chemical Variations Across the TMC-1 Boundary: Molecular Tracers from the Translucent Phase to the Dense Phase
Authors: Chen Long-Fei , Li Di , Quan Donghui , Zhang Xia , Chang Qiang , Li Xiaohu , Xiao Lin
Published: April 2022

We investigated the chemical evolutions of gas-phase and grain-surface species across the Taurus molecular cloud-1 (TMC-1) filament from the translucent phase to the dense phase. By comparing observations with modeling results from an up-to-date chemical network, we examined the conversion processes for the carbon-, oxygen-, nitrogen-, and sulfur-bearing species, i.e., from their initial atomic form to their main molecular reservoir form both in the gas phase and on the grain surface. The conversion processes were found to depend on the species and A

V
. The effect of initial carbon-to-oxygen elemental abundances ratio (C/O) by varying O on the chemistry was explored, and an initial carbon elemental abundance of 2.5 × 10−4 and a C/O ratio of 0.5 could best reproduce the abundances of most observed molecules at TMC-1 CP, where more than 90 molecules have been identified. Based on the TMC-1 condition, we predicted a varied grain ice composition during the evolutions of molecular clouds, with H2O ice as the dominant ice composition at A

V
> 4 mag, CO2 ice as the dominant ice composition at A

V
<4 mag, while CO ice severely decreased at A

V
around 4–5 mag.
Accurate Metallicities for Very Metal-poor Stars from the Ca ii Infrared Triplet
Authors: Osorio Yeisson , Aguado David S. , Prieto Carlos Allende , Hubeny Ivan , González Hernández Jonay I.
Published: April 2022

The Ca ii H and K lines are among the few features available to infer the metallicity of extremely metal-poor stars from medium-resolution spectroscopy. Unfortunately, these lines can overlap with absorption produced in the intervening interstellar medium, introducing systematic errors in the derived metallicities. The strength of the Ca ii infrared triplet lines can also be measured at extremely low metallicities, and it is not affected by interstellar absorption, but it suffers significant departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). We investigate the feasibility of adopting the Ca ii infrared triplet as a metallicity indicator in extremely metal-poor stars using state-of-the art non-LTE models including the most recent atomic data. We find that the triplet lines exhibit non-LTE abundance corrections that can exceed 0.5 dex. When interstellar absorption affecting the Ca ii resonance lines is accounted for using high-resolution observations, the agreement between non-LTE abundances for the triplet and those for the resonance lines, with only minor departures from LTE, is excellent. Non-LTE effects strengthen the Ca ii IR triplet lines, facilitating measurements at very low metallicities, compared with LTE estimates, down to [Fe/H] = −6.0. This result has important implications for the discovery of primitive stars in our Galaxy and others, since instruments are most sensitive at red/near-infrared wavelengths, and tens of millions of spectra covering the Ca ii IR triplet will soon become available from the Gaia, DESI, WEAVE, and PFS missions.
The CAMELS Multifield Data Set: Learning the Universe’s Fundamental Parameters with Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Villaescusa-Navarro Francisco , Genel Shy , Anglés-Alcázar Daniel , Thiele Leander , Dave Romeel , Narayanan Desika , Nicola Andrina , Li Yin , Villanueva-Domingo Pablo , Wandelt Benjamin , Spergel David N. , Somerville Rachel S. , Zorrilla Matilla Jose Manuel , Mohammad Faizan G. , Hassan Sultan , Shao Helen , Wadekar Digvijay , Eickenberg Michael , Wong Kaze W. K. , Contardo Gabriella , Jo Yongseok , Moser Emily , Lau Erwin T. , Machado Poletti Valle Luis Fernando , Perez Lucia A. , Nagai Daisuke , Battaglia Nicholas , Vogelsberger Mark
Published: April 2022

We present the Cosmology and Astrophysics with Machine Learning Simulations (CAMELS) Multifield Data set (CMD), a collection of hundreds of thousands of 2D maps and 3D grids containing many different properties of cosmic gas, dark matter, and stars from more than 2000 distinct simulated universes at several cosmic times. The 2D maps and 3D grids represent cosmic regions that span ∼100 million light-years and have been generated from thousands of state-of-the-art hydrodynamic and gravity-only N-body simulations from the CAMELS project. Designed to train machine-learning models, CMD is the largest data set of its kind containing more than 70 TB of data. In this paper we describe CMD in detail and outline a few of its applications. We focus our attention on one such task, parameter inference, formulating the problems we face as a challenge to the community. We release all data and provide further technical details at https://camels-multifield-dataset.readthedocs.io.
Assessment of the Quality of Life and Living Conditions of the Rural Population of the Kazakhstan during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tulegenova Ainagul M. , Dauletova Gaukhar , Nakipov Zhandulla , Sarsenbayeva Gulzat , Dossybayeva Gulzhan , Sadibekova Zhanat , Raissova Karlygash , Turgambayeva Assiya
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Low availability of medical care and low level of comfort living in rural areas, underdeveloped infrastructure, and difficult working conditions lead to the deterioration of health of rural residents. Rural areas are characterized by less comfortable living conditions than in the city, which can affect health-related quality of life.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to assess the satisfaction of the population with the quality of life in rural areas as well as to study the quality of life of the rural population of the Republic of Kazakhstan related to health.

METHODS: This study was a one-stage cross-sectional study. Online questionnaire was asked by 411 local residents, of which only 302 were suitable for processing.

RESULTS: The results showed that almost a third of the respondents are unemployed (27.2%). In the course of the survey, respondents could subjectively assess their own health, for example, almost a third of respondents (35.76%) assess their health as “poor” and “below average.” At the same time, 18.21% of respondents are not satisfied with the quality of medical services provided in rural areas. The coefficients of correlation between the desire to move to the city and age, income level, family composition, marital status, and type of housing were established. The universal social functioning-36 index was 0.6 (±0.02) for women and 0.55 (±0.033) for men

CONCLUSIONS: We can say that the quality of life of the rural population remains quite low. This is evidenced by low income, high unemployment, and the problem of drinking water. Quarantine measures related to COVID-19 also had an impact on the increase in unemployment, however, during the quarantine, there is a deterioration in mental health indicators among men compared to women. The results of the study confirmed that the issue of accessibility of medical services remains very urgent for rural residents.
A two-step metagenomics approach for the identification and mitochondrial DNA contig assembly of vertebrate prey from the blood meals of common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus)
Authors: Chua Physilia Y. S. , Carøe Christian , Crampton-Platt Alex , Reyes-Avila Claudia S. , Jones Gareth , Streicker Daniel G. , Bohmann Kristine
Published: April 2022

The feeding behaviour of the sanguivorous common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) facilitates the transmission of pathogens that can impact both human and animal health. To formulate effective strategies in controlling the spread of diseases, there is a need to obtain information on which animals they feed on. One DNA-based approach, shotgun sequencing, can be used to obtain such information. Even though it is costly, shotgun sequencing can be used to simultaneously retrieve prey and vampire bat mitochondrial DNA for population studies within one round of sequencing. However, due to the challenges of analysing shotgun sequenced metagenomic data such as false negatives/positives and typically low proportion of reads mapped to diet items, shotgun sequencing has not been used for the identification of prey from common vampire bat blood meals. To overcome these challenges and generate longer mitochondrial contigs which could be useful for prey population studies, we shotgun sequenced common vampire bat blood meal samples (n = 8) and utilised a two-step metagenomic approach based on combining existing bioinformatic workflows (alignment and mtDNA contig assembly) to identify prey. After validating our results from detections made through metabarcoding, we accurately identified the common vampire bats’ prey in six out of eight samples without any false positives. We also generated prey mitochondrial contig lengths between 138 bp to 3231 bp (median = 770 bp, Q1 = 262 bp, Q3 = 1766 bp). This opens the potential to conduct phylogenetic and phylogeographic monitoring of elusive prey species in future studies, through the analyses of blood meal metagenomic data.
effectiveness of Soderm® – forte gel and a new injectable dosage form of Rexod® in the complex treatment of experimental periodontitis in rats
Authors: Galenko-Yaroshevsky Pavel A. , Kristina V. Tseluiko , Leontev Valeriy K. , Zadorozhniy Mark A. , Popkov Viktor L. , Zelenskaya Anait V. , Babichev Sergey A. , Zadorozhniy Andrey V. , Meladze Sonya V.
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Insufficient effectiveness of traditional drug therapy in a treatment of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis, as well as high social significance of this problem, determines the need to search for new drugs and their compositions aimed at solving it.

Aim of the study: To increase the efficacy of complex treatment of periodontitis with the administration of Soder­m®-Forte gel and a new injectable form of Rexod®.

Materials and methods: Experiments were performed in 50 male Wistar rats. Experimental periodontitis (EP) was simulated by ligation of the necks of lower incisors. We studied the animals with intact periodontium, untreated EP, and when traditional drug therapy (TDT), as well as the combinations of TDT with Soderm®-Forte gel and additionally with the new injectable dosage form (NIF) of Rexod® were administered. The general condition, behavior, nutrition and body weight of the animals were evaluated. The Schiller-Pisarev test and the Muhlemann-Cowell bleeding index were used, and the amount of crevicular fluid (CF) was measured. The contamination of the marginal gum with microorganisms was determined.

Results and discussion: The TDT in EP has a moderate therapeutic effect, which does not lead to a sufficiently high pharmacotherapeutic effect, whereas the combinations of TDT with Soderm®-Forte and, to a greater extent, TDT with Soderm®-Forte and NIF of Rexod® have high therapeutic efficacy, which is statistically confirmed by a sharp decrease in the amount of CF, the Schiller-Pisarev test and the Muhlemann-Cowell bleeding index, as well as absolute suppres­sion of pathogenic microorganisms.

Conclusion: The combinations of TDT with Soderm®-Forte gel and NIF of Rexod® in EP in rats can significant­ly increase the effectiveness of the treatment. The data obtained indicate the expediency of the administration of Soderm®-Forte gel, as well as its combination with NIF of Rexod® in dental practice in the complex therapy of patients with periodontitis.
La droite radicale en Europe : acteurs, transformations et dynamiques électorales
Authors: Ivaldi Gilles
Published: April 2022

Cet article propose une analyse de l’état des forces de la droite radicale européenne. Dans ses manifestations contemporaines, cette dernière s’impose bien au-delà des frontières de l’extrême-droite stricto sensu et il importe à ce titre de considérer les multiples recompositions à l’œuvre au sein de l’espace politique radical européen, ainsi que la variété d’itinéraires et de trajectoires qu’il est possible d’y discerner parmi les acteurs qui l’incarnent.
Les extrêmes droites européennes des années 1970 aux années 2000 : affiches de campagne
Authors: Sumpf Alexandre
Published: April 2022

Cet article revisite à partir d’une sélection d’une vingtaine d’affiches les campagnes électorales des années 1970 à 2000 dans une demi-douzaine de pays d’Europe de l’ouest et du sud (France, Belgique, Allemagne, Autriche, Grande Bretagne, Italie, Espagne, Grèce). On voit s’y dessiner convergences idéologiques et spécificités nationales.
Zeev Sternhell, Juif, historien, sioniste
Authors: Leschi Didier
Published: April 2022

L’auteur retrace sommairement dans cet article la vie du grand historien israélien Zeev Strenhell, décédé au printemps 2020. Il y voit aussi bien dans son parcours d’historien attaché à la France que dans ses engagements civiques un exemple type du « juif hérétique », qui bouscule les pensées établies et permet de faire progresser notre savoir collectif.
« La bibliothèque la plus intelligente du monde »
Authors: Cœuré Sophie , Morder Robi , Rolland-Diamond Caroline
Published: April 2022

À l’occasion du quarantième anniversaire de l’Association des amis de La contemporaine, fondée en 1981 comme Association des amis de la BDIC, l’article propose quelques réflexions sur son fonctionnement original. Il développe une comparaison avec d’autres groupes d’amis de bibliothèques ou de musées, en lien étroit avec le projet d’un « laboratoire d’histoire internationale contemporaine » unique pour mieux comprendre le monde contemporain. Des documents issus des archives de l’association sont publiés.
Marc Knobel, Cyberhaine. Propagande et antisémitisme sur Internet . Préface de Pierre-André Taguieff. Postface de Smaïn Laacher, Paris, Hermann, 2021, 238 p.
Authors: Quinchon-Caudal Anne
Published: April 2022

L’auteur, à la fois militant courageux et spécialiste du phénomène de haine en ligne, propose ici une synthèse basée sur sa double expérience. Il démontre l’effet démultiplicateur d’Internet dans la diffusion des discours de haine, et le problème que pose dans le cas de certains réseaux l’absence de modération. Enfin son expérience des tribunaux atteste à quel point l’interdiction des prêcheurs de haine en ligne reste un processus long et difficile.
Effet au Québec des divorces étrangers non dotés de l’ exequatur . Le cas des divorces islamiques
Authors: Al-Dabbagh Harith
Published: April 2022

La mobilité des personnes et des familles ne cesse de croître. Le droit international privé poursuit comme objectif d’assurer la stabilité et la permanence de leur statut personnel et familial par-delà les frontières. En cette terre d’immigration qu’est le Québec, nombreuses sont les personnes qui obtiennent leur divorce ailleurs ou qui s’y installent après un divorce prononcé à l’étranger. La question de la reconnaissance de ce divorce et de ses effets, indépendamment de toute procédure d’exequatur, se pose donc avec acuité. La question a donné lieu à des réponses contradictoires de la part de la doctrine et de la jurisprudence. En mettant l’accent sur les divorces islamiques, l’auteur tente de déterminer les circonstances dans lesquelles les décisions étrangères de divorce accèdent à l’efficacité internationale au Québec en dehors du contrôle de leur régularité par les tribunaux. L’examen révèle que la dissolution du mariage réalisée en terre d’Islam se heurte fréquemment au phénomène de la frontière.
Des conditions d’application du règlement Bruxelles I bis
Authors: d’Ornano Antoine
Published: April 2022

L’article 5, paragraphe 1, du règlement (UE) n o  1215/2012 du Parlement européen et du Conseil, du 12 décembre 2012, concernant la compétence judiciaire, la reconnaissance et l’exécution des décisions en matière civile et commerciale, lu en combinaison avec le considérant 3 de ce règlement, doit être interprété en ce sens que celui-ci s’applique aux fins de la détermination de la compétence internationale des juridictions d’un État membre pour connaître d’un litige opposant un travailleur d’un État membre n’exerçant pas de fonctions relevant de l’exercice de la puissance publique à une autorité consulaire de cet État membre située sur le territoire d’un autre État membre.
Les banques centrales au défi de la transition écologique
Authors: Scialom Laurence
Published: April 2022

Les banques centrales ont dans l’histoire fait preuve d’une extrême plasticité quant à leur mandat, à leur doctrine et à leurs modalités d’interventions. Nous montrons que la prise en compte de la soutenabilité climatique s’inscrit dans la continuité de cette adaptation permanente aux évolutions du contexte macroéconomique et institutionnel dans lequel elles agissent. Nous présentons ensuite les principaux arguments en faveur de cette extension du mandat des banques centrales à la question climatique. Enfin, nous analysons les dispositions opérationnelles et les instruments que ce nouveau central banking « vert » pourrait promouvoir en matière de politique monétaire et de politique macroprudentielle. Classification JEL  : N20, E58, Q58.
Instantaneous blow-up for nonlinear Sobolev type equations with potentials on Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Jleli Mohamed , Samet Bessem
Published: April 2022

We investigate Cauchy problems for two classes of nonlinear Sobolev type equations with potentials defined on complete noncompact Riemannian manifolds. The first one involves a polynomial nonlinearity and the second one involves a gradient nonlinearity. Namely, we derive sufficient conditions depending on the geometry of the manifold, the power nonlinearity, the behavior of the potential at infinity, and the initial data, for which the considered problems admit no nontrivial local weak solutions, i.e., an instantaneous blow-up occurs.
Analysing the systemic implications of energy efficiency and circular economy strategies in the decarbonisation context
Authors: Fragkos Panagiotis
Published: April 2022

The Paris Agreement goals require a rapid and deep reduction in global greenhouse gas emissions. Recent studies have shown the large potential of circular economy to reduce global emissions by improving resource and material efficiency practices. However, most large-scale energy system and Integrated Assessment Models used for mitigation analysis typically ignore or do not adequately represent circular economy measures. This study aims to fill in this research gap by enhancing a leading global energy system model with a representation of energy efficiency and circular economy considerations. The scenario-based analysis offers an improved understanding of the potentials, costs and impacts of circular economy in the decarbonisation context. The study shows that enhanced energy efficiency and increased material circularity can reduce energy consumption in all sectors, but most importantly in the industrial sector. They can also reduce the required carbon price to achieve Paris goals and the dependence on expensive, immature, and risky technologies, like Carbon Capture and Storage. Circular economy measures should be properly integrated with broad climate policies to provide a holistic and self-consistent framework to deeply reduce carbon emissions.
Calibration of time-dependent volatility for European options under the fractional Vasicek model
Authors: Zhao Jiajia , Xu Zuoliang
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we calibrate the time-dependent volatility function for European options under the fractional Vasicek interest rate model. A fully implicit finite difference method is applied to solve the partial differential equation of option pricing numerically. To find the volatility function, we minimize a cost function that is the sum of the squared errors between the theoretical prices and market prices with Tikhonov $ L_2 $ regularization and $ L_{1/2} $ regularization respectively. Finally numerical experiments with simulated and real market data verify the efficiency of the proposed methods.
Correlation measures of binary sequences derived from Euler quotients
Authors: Liu Huaning , Chen Zhixiong , Wu Chenhuang
Published: April 2022

Fermat-Euler quotients arose from the study of the first case of Fermat's Last Theorem, and have numerous applications in number theory. Recently they were studied from the cryptographic aspects by constructing many pseudorandom binary sequences, whose linear complexities and trace representations were calculated. In this work, we further study their correlation measures by introducing a new approach based on Dirichlet characters, Ramanujan sums and Gauss sums. Our results show that the $ 4 $-order correlation measures of these sequences are very large. Therefore they may not be suggested for cryptography.
Evaluation of heavy metal pollution risk in surface sediment of the South Lagoon of Tunis by a sequential extraction procedure
Authors: Abidi Myriam , Yahyaoui Asma , Ben Amor Rim , Chouba Lassaad , Gueddari Moncef
Published: April 2022

In this study, the total concentrations and chemical forms of heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd, and Ni) in surface sediments of the South Lagoon of Tunis located in northeast Tunisia were investigated. Multiple geochemical indices were applied to assess the potential environmental risks. The South Lagoon is a valuable regional resource for fisheries, tourism and aquaculture. Total metal concentrations exhibited significant spatial variation attributed to the principal water circulation direction (east to west). The chemical speciation of Fe, Cr and Ni shows that they were mostly related to the residual fraction (Fe 34.8%, Cr 37.4% and Ni 37.9%), while Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd were mostly related to the non-residual fraction (labile fraction Pb 89.4%, Zn 26.1%, Cu 71.8% and Cd 84.3%). Pb, Zn, Cu and Cr are of high potential bioavailability. The highest pollution was found on the west side of the lagoon according to the calculated global contamination factors. Besides, individual contamination factors, Pb followed by Zn and Cu, posed the highest risk of contamination. This study shows that, even after dredging, the persistence of low concentrations of some contaminants may cause environmental problems in certain physico-chemical conditions.
Les cash transfers à l’épreuve de l’intermédiation administrative en Ouganda
Authors: Jacquin Ronan
Published: April 2022

Comment les modèles voyageurs sont-ils adaptés localement ? Quel rôle joue l’intermédiation administrative ? Quelle réception en font les publics cibles ? L’article propose des réponses à ces questions à travers l’étude d’un programme de pensions pour personnes âgées en Ouganda et d’une perspective de policy feedbacks. Les autorités politiques et administratives des districts occupent une place importante dans la mise en œuvre du programme, et entretiennent des rapports de domination paternaliste avec les bénéficiaires. Cette domination paternaliste influence la manière dont ces derniers perçoivent la pension, comme une faveur et non comme un droit. Les bénéficiaires se sentent ainsi redevables d’une dette morale, par laquelle les autorités parviennent à orienter, mais sans contraindre, leurs usages de la pension.
Circulations des travailleuses du sexe balkaniques autour de la Méditerranée
Authors: Tarrius Alain
Published: April 2022

De 2007 à 2019, 47 000 femmes des Balkans ont migré vers le Levant espagnol pour le travail du sexe. À partir de 2013, 17 000 d’entre elles sont revenues dans leurs pays d’origine avec un capital global de 6,8 milliards d’euros. Cinq profils de femmes nous décrivent leurs investissements dans l’hôtellerie, la coiffure, l’esthétique, l’agriculture, après un séjour moyen de six années. Ces témoignages, parmi lesquels se détache celui de l’Albanaise Archangella, alias Sardinella, croisent des analyses menées par l’auteur depuis 1987 sur la construction de réseaux de circulation et commerce en poor to poor dans l’espace euro-méditerranéen. Partant des récits, les figures présentent la circulation de ces femmes, encadrée par des formations criminelles et mafieuses, puis leur retour et investissements dans les pays d’origine donnant lieu à un modèle paradoxal de développement.
L’IPC à l’épreuve du kéré
Authors: Enten François
Published: April 2022

Cet article interroge les modalités et effets de mise en épreuve d’un dispositif international d’évaluation de sécurité alimentaire et de nutrition, le Cadre intégré de classification de la sécurité alimentaire (IPC) qui est un modèle voyageur basé sur un « consensus technique » dont les résultats sont diffusés par les médias. Il décrit les multiples distorsions qui surviennent dans le contexte institutionnel malgache face à la faim chronique (kéré) et à son aggravation dans la région du Grand Sud. Il montre comment sa gestion centralisée, son protocole standard et sa complexité freinent l’adoption de ses résultats et de ses diagnostics par les décideurs et les médias pour le déclenchement des réponses aux urgences.
Factors Affecting Successful Implementation of Smart Manufacturing Systems
Authors: Jun Jaehyeon , Cho Insu
Published: April 2022

Although the introduction and utilization of smart manufacturing systems within the industry is accelerating, it is difficult to quantitatively analyze the effects of smart manufacturing systems. It is also difficult to grasp the factors that influence the success of system implementation. In this study, we measured the factors affecting the successful implementation of various types of smart manufacturing systems by confirming the factors affecting user satisfaction of smart manufacturing system. Based on the 282 samples, this study empirically tests a structural model using PLS 3.0 for the explanation of the successful implementation of smart manufacturing system. As a result of this study, it is expected to find that which factors affect to the user satisfaction of the system among the sub-factors representing aspects of information, systemic, organizational, and user background.
Impact of COVID-19 on Patient-Provider Communication in Critical Care: Case Reports
Authors: Scibilia Stephanie J. , Gendreau Sarah K. , Towbin Rachel Toran , Happ Mary Beth
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Communication impairment during mechanical ventilation and prolonged critical illness is extremely frustrating and frightening for patients and increases the risk for miscommunication, misinterpretation, and poor outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic amplified patient communication impairment in intensive care units. This article presents 3 case examples from the experience of a team of hospital-based speech-language pathologists providing augmentative and alternative communication support resources and services to intensive care unit patients treated for COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic. Cases were selected to illustrate the protracted and complex in-hospital and rehabilitative recovery of critically ill patients with COVID-19, necessitating creative problem-solving and nursing collaborations with speech-language pathologists to support patient-provider communication.

Clinical Findings

The cases demonstrate (1) increased need for bilingual communication resources, (2) impaired cognitive and motor function associated with a variety of post–COVID-19 sequelae including severe critical illness myopathy, and (3) delayed transition to a speaking valve due to the secretion burden.

Diagnoses

COVID-19 and acute respiratory distress syndrome (all), cerebral microhemorrhage, multi-system organ failure, hypoxic brain injury, altered mental status, seizure, stroke.

Interventions

Multimodal and progressive augmentative and alternative communication interventions included low-technology strategies and simple communication boards, video language interpretation, tracheostomy speaking strategies, and a video intercom system.

Outcomes

All patients made progressive gains in communication ability.

Conclusion

Evaluation by augmentative and alternative communication specialists and progressive intervention from speech-language pathologists in collaboration with intensive care unit nurses can greatly improve patient-provider communication during treatment for and recovery from COVID-19 and other prolonged critical illnesses.
Formulation of organic liquid fertilizers and their effects on germination of selected seeds and growth and yield of chilli (Capsicum frutescens L.)
Authors: Kalaivani S. , Gnanavelrajah N.
Published: April 2022

The present study was aimed to formulate organic liquid fertilizers using banana pseudostem and to assess their potential use in the germination of selected seeds (i.e., chilli, curry chilli, lettuce, and water spinach), and growth and yield of chilli (Capsicum frutescens L.), in combination with either organic (cattle manure - CM) or inorganic fertilizers (IF). The formulations were banana pseudostem extract with decomposed solution (banana formulation- BF) and banana pseudostem extract with 2% Panchagavya (BP). The nutrient content (NPK) of formulations were analyzed. In the germination test, control (distilled water T1) was compared with BF (T2) and BP (T3). The pot experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design with six treatments and four replicates. The treatments were T1 (100% IF), T2 (100% CM), T3 (50% IF + 50% BF), T4 (50% CM + 50% BF), T5 (50% IF + 50% BP) and T6 (50% CM + 50% BP). The liquid formulations were applied at the rate of 250 Lha-1. Growth parameters namely the number of leaves per plant, plant height and yield were measured. Results of nutrient analysis of formulations indicate that BF had 365 ppm N, 1320 ppm P, and 8097 ppm K, while BP had 601 ppm N, 1930 ppm P, and 8619 ppm K. The results indicated that the highest germination percentage was recorded in T2 (BF) in all selected seeds. Vigour index was higher in T2 (BF) and T3 (BP) treatments than in the control. Significant differences among treatments in plant height of chilli were only observed at the second and sixth week. However, the number of leaves showed significant differences during the second, fourth and sixth weeks. Among the treatments, the highest yield was recorded in T6. Moreover, all foliar treatments T3, T4, T5, and T6 performed better than T1.
Heterogeneous Integration on 2.3D Hybrid Substrate Using Solder Joint and Underfill
Authors: Tsun-Sheng Chou Ricky , Lau John H. , Chang-Fu Chen Gary , Yu-Cheng Huang Jones , Cheng-Lin Yang Channing , Liu Hsing-Ning , Tseng Tzyy-Jang
Published: April 2022

In this study, the heterogeneous integration of two chips on a 2.3D hybrid substrate using solder joint and underfill is investigated. Emphasis is placed on the materials, design, process, fabrication, and reliability of the package. Drop test and results of the package are also provided.
La pastorale sanitaria dal secoldo VI al secolo XVII
Authors: Spogli Emidio
Published: April 2022

Il presente lavoro si propone di studiare da un punto di vista storico la pastorale della assistenza negli ospedali religiosi dal VI al XVII secolo. L'autore pertanto passa in rassegna alcune tappe fondamentali, cercando di cogliere in esse quegli elementi che possono ancora oggi ispirare una autentica pastorale sanitaria: la costituzione degli hospitia medievali, sorti lungo le grandi vie di comunicazione e volti soprattutto all'accoglienza di poveri, emarginati, malati e pellegrini: la fondazione dei grandi ordini laicali per l'assistenza dei malati: l'Ordine di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme (poi detto dei Cavalieri di Malta), l'Ordine Ospitaliero di Santo Spirito e l'Ordine Ospedaliero di Sant'Antonio di Vienne (sec. XIII); la costituzione di veri e propri ospedali "laici", come l'Ospedale di Santa Maria di Siena e il Pammatone di Genova nel secolo XIV, nei quali comunque l'assistenza spirituale e religiosa aveva un'importanza non secondaria; l'opera di San Camillo de Lellis, grande "animatore di riforme" nel mondo ospedaliero, guidato da una visione globale dell'uomo malato nella sua dimensione spirituale e corporale, e quella altrettanto grandiosa di San Giovanni di Dio e dell'Ordine Ospedaliero dei Fatebenefratelli (sec. XVI).
Ròle des associations professionnelles catholiques pour la diffusion d'une éthique chrétienne dans la société
Authors: Joblin Joseph
Published: April 2022

l cristiani, soprattutto in una società pluralistica e democratica, devono sia sostenere le proprie idee che partecipare alle decisioni politiche. Le associazioni professionali cattoliche permettono ai cattolici di prendere parte al dibattito pubblico. Questo pensiero di natura socio-politica trova conferma nell'insegnamento degli ultimi Papi.
Quarantesimo anno
Authors: Fiori Angelo
Published: April 2022

Non disponibile
Meta-analisi dei dati scientifici sulla Gift: un contributo alla riflessione etica
Authors: Di Pietro Maria Luisa , Spagnolo Antonio G. , Sgreccia Elio
Published: April 2022

La meta-analisi è una nuova disciplina che si propone di valutare criticamente i risultati di studi effettuati, particolarmente nel campo dei trials clinici. Gli autori di questo lavoro avanzano l'ipotesi che una meta-analisi modificata dei dati scientifici relativi alla tecnica della GIFT possa essere utile per dedurre alcune indicazioni etiche relative alla tecnica stessa. Questa analisi dei risultati della GIFT mostra che le nascite che si determinano con questa tecnica sono in numero inferiore rispetto alle gravidanze cliniche che iniziano, indicando come nel corso delle gravidanze stesse si determina una perdita fetale la quale non può essere giustilìcata dalla considerazione che molti fanno che "anche nelle gravidanze che iniziano naturalmente esiste la stessa percentuale di aborti spontanei". Per di più nella GlFT la stessa tecnica utilizzata gioca un ruolo determinante nel determinarsi di queste perdite fetali. Anche se la meta-analisi da sola non è sufficiente per fornire una interpretazione dei dati antropologici, secondo gli autori questi risultati della GIFT, relativamente alla salvaguardia dell'embrione umano, devono essere attentamente considerati ai fini della valutazione etica.
Consenso informato: biases psicosociali
Authors: Filiberti Antonio , Bellotto Massimo
Published: April 2022

Oggetto del nostro studio è l'analisi delle implicazioni psicologiche inerenti alla richiesta di un consenso ad un paziente eseguita da un medico. In particolare sono stati presi in considerazione i possibili biases psicologici e psicosociali che possono interferire sul processo di comunicazione che si instaura tra il medico richiedente il consenso ed il suo paziente. Per biases psicologici si intendono per esempio quelli legati alla personalità delle persone in gioco, medico e paziente; per biases psicosociali si intendono per esempio quelli legati alla cultura delle organizzazioni di cui il medico è parte, al ruolo che può agire il medico, il quale può percepirsi più come ricercatore o più come clinico.
Sessualità e persona: i valori etici
Authors: Ciccone Lino
Published: April 2022

L'autore affronta la problematica dei valori etici inerenti alla sessualità, esaminando dapprima quei valori di cui è portatrice la sessualità umana nella sua integralità ("sessualità generale"): la persona come soggetto di moralità, in quanto capace di scelte autenticamente libere; la persona come soggetto capace di stabilire relazioni affettive che portano al raggiungimento di un amore oblativo, al dono di sé all'altro. Poi si sofferma sui valori della cosiddetta "sessualità genitale": la trasmissione della vita, la fecondità, la dignità della procreazione, l'amore coniugale. Infine, esaminando il contesto socio-culturale odierno, mette in luce quegli aspetti positivi che comunque sono presenti in tale contesto e che consentono di ricavare indicazioni utili per quanti vogliono contribuire allo sviluppo effettivo delle potenzialità di cui è portatore il cammino della storia umana, anche quando appaia prevalente il carattere involutivo e disgregante.
IL CENTRO NAZIONALE DI ADROTERAPIA ONCOLOGICA: INNOVAZIONI TECNICO-SCIENTIFICHE E NUOVE PROSPETTIVE DELLA BNCT PER LA LOTTA AI TUMORI
Authors: Rossi Sandro , Vago Gianluca
Published: April 2022

Protons and carbon ions (hadrons) have useful properties for the treatments of patients affected by oncological pathologies. They are more precise than conventional X-rays and possess radiobiological characteristics suited for treating radio-resistant or inoperable tumors. This paper gives an overview of the status of hadron therapy around the world. It focusses on the Italian National Centre for Oncological Hadron therapy (CNAO), describing the centre and the expansion projects. There is growing evidence that supports safety and effectiveness of hadron therapy for a variety of clinical situations. However, there is still a lack of high-level evidence directly comparing hadron therapy with modern conventional radiotherapy techniques. The results give an overview of pre-clinical and clinical research studies and of the treatments of 3700 patients performed at CNAO. The success and development of hadron therapy is strongly associated with the creation of networks among hadron therapy facilities, clinics, universities and research institutions.
Lipid-lowering effect of Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz extract in hyperlipidemic mice
Authors: Hengpratom Tanaporn , Kupittayanant Sajeera , Churproong Seekaow , Eumkeb Griangsak
Published: April 2022

Objective:

To investigate the effect of Oroxylum indicum fruit extract on high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic mice.

Methods:

The phytochemical composition of Oroxylum indicum fruit extract was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Forty-two male mice were used. The mice were divided into six groups: normal control, high-fat diet control, simvastatin treatment (20 mg/kg BW/day), and Oroxylum indicum fruit extract (100, 200, 300 mg/kg BW/day) treatment groups. Food intake, body weight, serum parameters, lipid profile, and histopathological lesions of the kidney, liver, and epididymal fat were observed.

Results:

LC-MS/MS results revealed four major components of Oroxylum indicum fruit extract: luteolin, apigenin, baicalein, and oroxylin A. Twenty-seven volatile oils were identified from Oroxylum indicum fruit extract. Daily oral administration of Oroxylum indicum fruit extract at 100 to 300 mg/kg BW/day significantly reduced the body weight, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (P<0.05), whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was higher than the high-fat diet control group. Treatment with 300 mg/kg BW/day Oroxylum indicum fruit extract reduced the pathological lesion and prevented fat accumulation in the kidney and liver.

Conclusions:

Oroxylum indicum fruit extract has hypolipidemic effect in hyperlipidemic mice, and the active ingredients of Oroxylum indicum fruit extract, both flavonoids and volatile oils, should be further explored as an antihyperlipidemic agent.
Anti-obesity effect and UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS based metabolite profiling of Solanum nigrum leaf extract
Authors: Aabideen Zain Ul , Mumtaz Muhammad Waseem , Akhtar Muhammad Tayyab , Raza Muhammad Asam , Mukhtar Hamid , Irfan Ahmad , Raza Syed Ali , Nadeem Muhammad , Ling Yee Soon
Published: April 2022

Objective:

To evaluate the antioxidant potential and pancreatic lipase inhibitory action of optimized hydroethanolic extracts of Solanum nigrum.

Methods:

Optimized extraction for maximum recovery of metabolites was performed using a combination of freeze-drying and ultrasonication followed by determination of antioxidant and antiobesity properties. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography equipped with mass spectrometry was used to analyze metabolite profiling of Solanum nigrum. Computational studies were performed using molecular docking and electrostatic potential analysis for individual compounds. The hypolipidemic potential of the most potent extract was assessed in the obese mice fed on fat rich diet.

Results:

The 80% hydroethanolic extract exhibited the highest extract yield, total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents along with the strongest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity, total antioxidant power, and pancreatic lipase inhibitory properties. The 80% hydroethanolic extract not only regulated the lipid profile of obese mice but also restricted the weight gain in the liver, kidney, and heart. The 80% hydroethanolic extract also reduced alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase concentrations in serum. The effects of plant extract at 300 mg/kg body weight were quite comparable with the standard drug orlistat.

Conclusions:

Solanum nigrum is proved as an excellent and potent source of secondary metabolites that might be responsible for obesity mitigation.
Use of Poultry By-product and Plant Protein Sources in Diets of Redclaw Crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus)
Authors: Eroldogan Orhan Tufan , Elsabagh Mabrouk , Sevgili Hüseyin , Glencross Brett , Paolucci Marina , Kumlu Metin , Kınay Enes , Evliyaoğlu Ece , Yılmaz Hatice Asuman , Sarıipek Merve
Published: April 2022

A total of 300 juvenile crayfish (13.0±0.03 g) were randomly distributed among 5 dietary groups (n=60, 3 replicates) held within 15×500 L-1 fiberglass tanks connected to a recirculation system (RAS), at 20 crayfish per tank. Each group was fed for 12 weeks one of five experimental diets where the main protein sources were: 1) control, fish-meal-based diet (FM, 48% of the diet); 2) 10% FM + 52.5% poultry by-product meal (PoM); 3) 34.5% soybean meal + 34.5% corn gluten meal (Pmix); 4) 34.5% PoM + 32.soybean/corn gluten meal mix (PoM/Pmix); and 5) 10% FM + 27.5% soybean + 27.5% corn gluten meal (FM/Pmix). The results demonstrated that there were no significant differences among diets in terms of growth and feed utilization efficiency. Muscle amino acid profile of redclaw crayfish fed the FM diet had the highest level of total essential amino acids, followed by FM/PMix, Pmix, PoM/Pmix, and PoM diets. Particularly, in all experimental groups, the highest essential amino acids (EAA) were lysine, arginine, and leucine. Based on these findings, we conclude that redclaw can perform well with FM-free vegetable diets and PoM-based diets although more research is needed into the total composition of EAA and FA in muscle.
Aplicación de escala de parentalidad positiva a madres de niños escolares durante la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Sánchez-Parrales Karla Monserrate , Mestre-Gómez Ulises
Published: April 2022

La investigación que se realizó trata sobre la escala de parentalidad positiva que se hizo con representantes de niños escolares durante la pandemia COVID-19, con el objetivo de identificar las competencias que se encuentran en zonas de riesgo para mejorarlas, la metodología que se ejecutó fue transversal descriptiva a través de encuestas a los representantes, los resultados se dividieron en dos escalas que a su vez sirvieron para obtener las conclusiones del trabajo, donde se registró una mejoría entre la primera escala que se hizo al principio de la investigación y la segunda escala que se ejecutó al finalizar las consejerías y mostrar videos-feedback a los representantes.

Palabras clave: Competencias parentales, escala de parentalidad, COVID-19, niños escolares.
Factors Influencing Philippines Tourist’ Revisit Intention: The Role and Effect of Destination Image, Tourist Experience, Perceived Value, and Tourist Satisfaction
Authors: Libre Angelo , Manalo Aldaba , Laksito Grida Saktian
Published: April 2022

The Philippines is an agrarian-based tourism country, millions of tourists come to visit every year. However, most of the first-time visitors leave the question of why so few people decide to return for a tour of the Philippines' tourist destinations. This study aims to determine how the influence of the image of the destination, the experience of tourists on the intention to revisit through the value received and the satisfaction of tourists at tourist destinations in the Philippines. The research method used is quantitative, the sampling technique uses non-probability sampling and a sample of 287 respondents is obtained, the analytical tool used is Path Analysis and the hypothesis uses a significance test using SEM AMOS and SPSS analysis tools. The results of this study indicate that direct testing of the tourist experience variable affects revisit intention in tourist destinations in Philippines, then for direct testing the perceived value variable has a significant effect on tourist satisfaction at tourist destinations in the Philippines, then tourist satisfaction is able to mediate the relationship between tourist experience and revisit intention.