bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gravity field of Sarmatia according to satellite data (model EIGEN-6S2) and its interpretation
Authors: Chornaya O. A. , Yegorova T. P.
Published: August 2021

The paper presents a brief overview of satellite observations of the CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE missions to study the Earth’s global gravity field, and the used mathematical apparatus in the form of an expansion of the geopotential in spherical harmonics. The application of satellite data in various fields of Earth Sciences is considered. As a basic global model of the Earth’s gravity field based on satellite data we used the EIGEN-6S2 model [Rudenko et al, 2014] that combines satellite mission data GRACE and GOCE, and also uses satellite data of LAGEOUS laser ranging.  On its basis, the gravity field of Sarmatia was analyzed using the Free Air anomalies, Bouguer anomalies, the second radial derivative of the geopotential and the geoid heights. The geological units of Sarmatia and its surroundings are most clearly manifested in the Free Air anomalies and in the distribution of the second derivative of the geopotential, showing differences in the gravity field pattern of the Ukrainian Shield, the Voronezh Massif, and the Pripyat-Dnieper-Donets basin (PDDB) with characteristic anomalies of the general northwest strike. The continuation of the PDDB in a southeastern direction through the Karpinsky Swell to the northern part of the Caspian Sea confirms the existence of an extended ancient tectonic zone of the Sarmato-Turanian lineament. The geoid within Sarmatia shows in general a regional west-east gradient change from +40 m in the west to -10 m in the east. Such large-scale geoid changes are determined by the Sarmatia position between two global geoid anomalies — the maximum of the North Atlantic and the minimum of the Indian Ocean.
Paleogeothermal and paleotectonic reconstructions based on vitrinite thermometry data (on the example of the upper paleozoic deposits of the Dnieper-Donets depression and adjacent areas of Donbass)
Authors: Ivanova A. V. , Gavryltsev V. B.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to paleogeothermal and paleotectonic reconstructions based on the results of processing the vitrinite reflectance data array of coal organic matter of the Upper Paleozoic sediments from the Don-Dnieper Downwarp (within the Dnieper-Donets Depression and adjacent areas of Donbass). It was found that paleogeothermal parameters changed under the influence of geotectonic, magmatic and lithofacies formation conditions of the Upper Paleozoic deposits. Analysis of changes and regularities distribution of paleogeothermal characteristics made it possible to assess the evolution of the thermal field, changes in the tectonic movements character, to identify the role of volcanism, deep faults geodynamics, lithosphere thickness in the thermal history of the region under study. It is shown that with the help of paleostructural analysis, based on data on the thermal maturity degree of coal organic matter, it is possible to judge the activity changes of tectonic structures in time, the formation sequence, to establish the amplitudes of their mutual displacement and rank according to oil and gas potential. Based on the results of the work, maps of the paleogeothermal gradients distribution and the amplitudes of rock masses vertical displacements were constructed. The presented maps should be considered as a universal information material that can be used to determine the features of the regional distribution of the above parameters, as well as become an important tool in the study of tectonic and thermal history, identification changes trends and distribution patterns of paleo­geothermal characteristics.
Strong earthquakes in Azerbaijan for historical and contemporary periods (conceptual review)
Authors: Babayev G. R. , Agayeva S. T.
Published: August 2021

Based on the results of the study of literary and archival primary sources, the paper clarifies the available information about catastrophic and destructive earthquakes in Azerbaijan for the historical period with a magnitude of M≥6. Among the strong historical earthquakes in Azerbaijan there are the following: earthquakes in 427, the Ganja (Goygol in 1139), the Ganja in 1235, the East Caucasian in 1667 (± 1 year), the Mashtaga (1842), numerous Shamakhi earthquakes (1192, 1667, 1668, 1669, 1828, 1859, 1868, 1872, 1902), Ardebil (1924), Lankaran (1913), Caspian earthquakes (957, 1812, 1842, 1852, 1911, 1935, 1961, 1963, 1986, 1989, 2000), which caused both changes in the relief of the Earth’s surface, and the destruction of buildings and numerous human casualties. The background seismicity was investigated based on the results of continuous instrumental observations for the period 1902—2019. Seismic processes are unevenly distributed on the territory of Azerbaijan. Existing catalogs of seismic events have been investigated. The behavioral changes in seismicity parameters have been studied. An overview conceptual analysis of two main methods for assessing seismic hazard is given: probabilistic and deterministic, which have found their wide application in recent decades. In conclusion, the most important and general tasks of future seismological studies are emphasized, which are to be performed in the next decades.
Implementation of promoting inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment, and decent work for all as the goal in the updated Constitution of the Russian Federation
Authors: Shapsugova Marietta D.
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the content of the new Article 75.1 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation through the prism of economic and political doctrines of solidarity based on the social division of labor, codependency, and mutual assistance. The relevance of the problem of social solidarity in the implementation of economic activity by citizens is due to the entry into force of the Law of the Russian Federation on the amendment to the Constitution of the Russian Federation of March 14, 2020 "On improving the regulation of certain issues of the organization and functioning of public authorities." Concluded that Article 75.1, fixing new principles of balancing private and public interests based on mutual trust in society and the state, integrating the Russian economy into the global community based on universal principles of economic development set out in the Concept of Sustainable Development of the United Nations.
Обстеження хворих зі стенозами сонних артерій перед хірургічним лікуванням
Authors: Пуляєва І.С.
Published: August 2021

У роботі проаналізовано результати комплексного обстеження та хірургічного лікування 230 пацієнтів із атеросклеротичним ураженням сонних артерій. У дослідження включали пацієнтів із: симптоматичним стенозом внутрішньої сонної артерії (ВСА) більше 50%; асимптоматичним стенозом ВСА більше 70%; нестабільною бляшкою ВСА, порушенням зору. Ми використовували шкалу тяжкості інсульту NIHSS. Пацієнти із симптоматичним ураженням ВСА є найбільш ризиковою групою щодо розвитку повторного інсульту, вогнище ішемії, стан неврологічного дефіциту необхідні для  прогнозування ефективності та  успішності хірургічного лікування.Ключові слова: стеноз сонних артерій, неврологічна шкала.
The Accuracy Improvement of Text Mining Classification on Hospital Review through The Alteration in The Preprocessing Stage
Authors: Saputro Triyas Hevianto , Hermawan Arief
Published: August 2021

Sentiment analysis is a part of text mining used to dig up information from a sentence or document. This study focuses on text classification for the purpose of a sentiment analysis on hospital review by customers through criticism and suggestion on Google Maps Review. The data of texts collected still contain a lot of nonstandard words. These nonstandard words cause problem in the preprocessing stage. Thus, the selection and combination of techniques in the preprocessing stage emerge as something crucial for the accuracy improvement in the computation of machine learning. However, not all of the techniques in the preprocessing stage can contribute to improve the accuracy on classification machine. The objective of this study is to improve the accuracy of classification model on hospital review by customers for a sentiment analysis modeling. Through the implementation of the preprocessing technique combination, it can produce a highly accurate classification model. This study experimented with several preprocessing techniques: (1) tokenization, (2) case folding, (3) stop words removal, (4) stemming, and (5) removing punctuation and number. The experiment was done by adding the preprocessing methods: (1) spelling correction and (2) Slang. The result shows that spelling correction and Slang method can assist for improving the accuracy value. Furthermore, the selection of suitable preprocessing technique combination can fasten the training process to produce the more ideal text classification model.
10 reasons for choosing pantoprazole for patients on polytherapy
Authors: Skrzydło-Radomańska Barbara
Published: August 2021

Proton pump inhibitors are the most effective therapy for all the acid-dependent diseases. Pantoprazole has been used since 1997 and it has a precise and predictable profile of activity. Pantoprazole maintains its stability in higher gastric pH with concomittant antiacids. Its constant bioavaibility and maximal blood levels are achieved after the first dose. Pantoprazole is approved for a variety of gastric acid-related diseases: gastroesophageal reflux disease, peptic ulcer disease, Helicobacter pylori eradication, functional dyspepsia, NSAID-induced gastropathy treatment and prevention, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Pantoprazole has been shown to have no significant interactions with other medications: especially important with antiplatelet drugs (clopidogrel), but also antipyrine, carbamazepine, ciclosporin, clarithromycin, diclofenac, naproxen, nifedipine, oral contraceptives, tacrolimus, theophylline, warfarin, and also ethanol. Pantoprazole is the very good choice particularly in patients taking multiple concomitant medications – such as the elderly or those receiving drugs with a narrow therapeutic window. Even in the long-term therapy, pantoprazole seems to be well tolerated with no identified safety concerns.
Nebivolol – a place in the therapy of hypertension in various clinical situations
Authors: Wydra Wioletta , Kuch Marek
Published: August 2021

Nebivolol is a long-acting, most cardioselective β1-blocker. It stimulates endothelial production of nitric oxide, demonstrating vasodilatory and pleiotropic effects. It has better tolerance compared to classic β-blockers. It lowers the central pressure, reducing the risk of cardiovascular events. It is the preferred β-blocker in the treatment of hypertension in various clinical situations.
Drought Stress in Cereals – A Review
Authors: Havrlentová Michaela , Kraic Ján , Gregusová Veronika , Kovácsová Bernadett
Published: August 2021

Drought is one of the most important factors that influences plant morphology, biochemistry, and physiology, and finally leads to the decline in crops productivity and seed quality. Climate change, severe changes in water availability together with thermal stresses environment coincide with increasing human population, and to reveal sustainable solutions it is necessary to understand: i) how cereals react to drought, ii) how the tolerance mechanisms are exhibited by the genotype, and iii) which approaches enable to increase the tolerance of crop species against limited water availability. Especially in cereals as in high-quality food sources, it is important to reveal the adaptation mechanisms to rainfall dynamics on arable land and to the prolonged period of drought. This review summarizes current knowledge on the impact of drought on cereals, the mechanisms these crops utilize to cope water scarcity and survive, and the most efficient approaches to improve their drought tolerance.
Job Satisfaction Levels of Midwives and Factors Affecting Those Levels
Authors: Şahan Ayşe Gülay
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the job satisfaction level of midwives, and the factors that have an effect on those levels. This cross-sectional analytic study was carried out in a total of 21 health institutions including 17 primary health care and 4 secondary health care institutions in a city center. 428 midwives were included in the study. To determine the job satisfaction of midwives, the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) was used. According to the scores obtained from MSQ, quartiles in ¼ were created. In statistical analysis, the difference between the mean scores among groups was analysed with independent samples t-test. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. The results demonstrated that the majority of midwives had a moderate level of job satisfaction.
How Much Procalcitonin we use in Differentiation of Bacterial Pneumonia in Children?
Authors: Horga Adeline Larisa
Published: August 2021

Procalcitonin is a new generation marker used to differentiate bacterial from viral pneumonia. Although it is not a test routinely used in practice, it can be included in diagnosis and treatment algorithm of pneumonia in children. Studies have shown the effectiveness of procalcitonin in determining of duration of antibiotherapy and hospitalization, too. The test is superior to the other laboratory parameters, compared to reactive C protein, inclusively. Depending on the result of the pulmonary x-ray (bacterial pneumonia) admitted patients were included in: study group – patients with increased values of procalcitonin, and control group – patients with normal values ones. The study proposed a comparative analysis; the correlation index was used to demonstrate how laboratory parameters can interact, and the evolutionary trend of studied parameters was analysed. The results are consistent with the literature data, validating the superiority of procalcitonin in establishing the etiologic diagnosis and the treatment evaluation in bacterial pneumonia in children.
Cephalic Vein Loop Transposition with Proximal Radial Artery Anastomoses for Haemodialysis
Authors: Zenovia Andrei , Fulga Ana , Ene Doriana Cristea , Stan Constantin , Vesa Doina
Published: August 2021

In Romania the prevalence of chronic kidney disease is estimated to be 7% and end-stage renal disease is an increasingly common diagnosis. A long-term, reliable, dependable, and safe method of repeatedly accessing patient’s blood is one of the most difficult challenges for haemodialysis therapy. The best method to date to accomplish vascular access the arterio-venous fistula (AVF). This segment can be accessed with dialysis needles, providing blood for dialysis. We present a case of a 57-year-old man was diagnosed with an end-stage renal disease and occluded distal radial artery. The cephalic vein was transposed and looped in a tunnel created in the volar aspect of the forearm’s subcutaneous tissue with the end to side anastomosis with the proximal radial artery in the antecubital fossa. The fistula matured in 40 days and the flow volume was 1100 mL/min. He continues his dialysis sessions and is included on the national kidney transplant list.
Madelung Disease – Between Lipectomy and Liposuction. Report of a Case and Literature Review
Authors: Miheţiu Alin , Sandu Alexandra , Fluture Florin , Duţă Florin
Published: August 2021

Madelung’s disease or multiple symmetric lipomatosis could be described as being anything, but an ordinary entity. The etiopathogenetic mechanisms are admittedly multifactorial, debatable and not marked by promptness. Despite the aesthetic, most of the symptoms are direct results of the compression which occurs on the adjacent anatomical structures. Because of their characteristic appearance, patients with this condition can be clinically diagnosed, during the information-gathering process or while performing a physical exam. So far, the treatment of choice was surgical resection, leading to a well-pleasing outcome and reducing the risk of recurrence.
Rare Case of Sigmoid Colon Adenocarcinoma Invading the Vermiform Appendix
Authors: Tănăsescu Ciprian , Faur Mihai , Bombea Ioan , Moisin Andrei
Published: August 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in the top of the most common neoplasms in both women and men, with a high mortality rate. In the etiopathogenesis of colorectal cancer, genetic and environmental factors play an important role. In recent years, there has been a decrease in the incidence of new cases and mortality among patients over the age of 50. This can be explained by the application of modern multimodal treatment methods as well as by increasing the use of screening methods. Particular attention should be paid to inherited syndromes such as Lynch syndrome and Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, which together account for 5% of all colorectal cancers. It was found that an accumulation of genetic mutations over a period of 10 to 15 years, leads to changes in the normal colonic epithelium, with the eventual appearance of invasive carcinoma.(1,2)
Evaluation of Oral-Dental Health in Patients with Periodontal Pathology and Diabetes
Authors: Dinu Andreea , Mihalache Manuela
Published: August 2021

The present research attempts to assess the orodental health status of patients in the research group. The research group has been composed of 210 subjects, from both urban and rural areas, having periodontal pathologies and disorders of the glucidic metabolism. In order to obtain information about the orodental health condition as well as the orodental hygiene, we have applied the questionnaire method, this being well individualized and adapted to be relevant to the present study. Following the statistical analysis of the results, it appears that the subjects of the research group show a more pronounced periodontal pathology comparative to the control group. The study results highlight the importance of dentists’ knowledge of diagnostic techniques, treatment and prevention of orodental pathologies on patients with diabetes.
Accuracy of Diagnostic Tests
Authors: Santini Ario , Man Adrian , Voidăzan Septimiu
Published: August 2021

Following the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, design, development, validation, verification and implementation of diagnostic tests were actively addressed by a large number of diagnostic test manufacturers. This paper deals with the biases and sources of variation which influence the accuracy of diagnostic tests, including calculating and interpreting test characteristics, defining what is meant by test accuracy, understanding the basic study design for evaluating test accuracy, understanding the meaning of Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value and Negative Predictive Value, and evaluating them numerically, and the ROC curve (or Receiver Operating Characteristic ) and the Area under the Curve (AUC).
Chopin, Polish National Culture and the Question of “Racial Purity”: Zofia Lissa’s Voice in the Debate over Racial Issues in the 1930s
Authors: Tuchowski Andrzej
Published: August 2021

The question of racial “purity” or “identity” was part of the fashionable discussion on human races in the 1930s. In 1938 a debate over Chopin’s “racial identity” took place in the Warsaw press, triggered by the publication a book entitled Polacy- -chrześcijanie pochodzenia żydowskiego [Poles – Christians of Jewish Origin] by Mateusz Mieses, an outstanding Judaist and representative of one of Poland’s Jewish communities. Mieses’ aim was to familiar-ise the Polish reader with the very little- -known scale on which the ethnically Jewish element had penetrated over the many centuries into the families of the Polish landed gentry, intelligentsia and even aristocracy. As a result, Mieses claimed, many eminent Poles known in Polish history had some Jewish blood in their veins. In addition to the more or less convincing examples of such assimilation, Mieses also quotes some rather dubious ones, including the genealogy of Chopin. On the basis of unconfirmed rumours and the composer’s facial features in some unidentified portrait he claims that Chopin was half Jewish through his mother Justyna Krzyżanowska. Mieses’ conclusions — as well as his entire methodology — were sharply criticised by the reviewer of Wiadomości Literackie as well as by Zofia Lissa, at that time a young scholar at the threshold of a brilliant musicological career. Lissa pointed out that establishing Chopin’s “racial affiliation” is difficult for a lack of reliable and objective sources. For a long time all images of Chopin available to researchers had been either portraits or sculptures, which — as artistic creations — used to deform his face. However, Lissa argued that most of his portraits point to his Dinaric characteristics, which were also confirmed by the two surviving real-life likenesses of the composer (referred to by the author as “racially un-prejudiced” sources) — namely, his death mask and the only surviving daguerreotype. Taking into account the findings of contemporary (mainly German) anthropology, Lissa concluded that Chopin was a typical Dinaric with some Nordic features, and it was from his mother that Fryderyk inherited his few physical traits characteristic of that type. On the other hand, Lissa denied that there was any connection between Chopin’s music and his “racial identity”.

It seems a paradoxical that Lissa — a scholar of Jewish descent — drew on Nazi theories formulated by German anthropologists to show that Chopin had no demonstrable Jewish ancestors. But if we place this debate in the context of its time, and of one specific period in the ideological and scholarly evolution of Zofia Lissa herself — things do not look so simple any more. Her emphasis on the role of the social environment and her rejection of Eichenauer’s theses concerning the impact of “race” on the character of music testify to Lissa’s intensifying links to the Marxist-Leninist ideology, which she most likely began to absorb in that very period.
The Use of Red Mud and Black Nickel Mud in Sorption of 3,5-Dichlorophenol
Authors: Kvorková Veronika , Ivanova Tatyana , Michálek Juraj , Filipova Margarita , Šefčovičová Kristína , Soldán Maroš
Published: August 2021

This article discusses the use of alternative inexpensive adsorbents – wastes from the metal production - red mud (RM) and black nickel mud (BNM) and their sorption efficiency in 3,5-dichlorophenol removal. Chlorophenols are organic compounds consisting of a benzene ring, OH groups and chlorine atoms. The effects of adsorbent dose, contact time, and temperature on sorption process were monitored. The results showed that the optimal conditions to achieve the highest sorption efficiency of 3,5-dichlorophenol were reached with the use of black nickel mud at the amount (2.0 g), sorption time (1 hour) and at increased temperature (45 °C). The sorption efficiency under these conditions was 87.99 %. With increasing sorption time, the sorption efficiency decreased and desorption occurred. The same behaviour was observed using red mud of the same amount (2.0 g) at the same temperature (45 °C); however, after 1 hour, sorption efficiency was slightly reduced (85.16 %) compared to black nickel mud. Anyway, both of used materials are suitable for the use as alternative sorbents of 3,5-dichlorophenol under suitable conditions.
Successful Treatment of Massive Pulmonary Embolism with Rescue Fibrinolysis in Young Patient with Homocystinemia - Case Report
Authors: Mitevska Irena , Kotlar Irina , Lazarova Emilija , Bosevski Marijan
Published: August 2021

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the most frequently missed diagnosis in the urgent clinical department with serious consequences. Patients with unprovoked PE have increased risk of recurrent PE. Approximately 5 to 8% of PE patients have inherited thrombophilias. A solated homocystinemia is a rare cause of unprovoked acute pulmonary embolism. Timely diagnosis and proper treatment can prevent complications, costs and mortality and provide patient better quality of life. We are presenting a 42-year-old woman was admitted to our emergency department with the first episode of severe dyspnea and chest pain. She had no history of previous cardiovascular or respiratory disease and no history of previous pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Urgent echocardiography showed indirect signs of pulmonary embolism which was confirmed by the pulmonary artery CT angiography performed one day after the patient’s admission. After two days of heparin infusion, she developed a hemodynamic instability with cardiogenic shock and was treated successfully with fibrinolysis. After the clinical stabilization, she was put on the rivaroxaban therapy, which was recommended for additional six months. The thrombophilia profile was done two weeks after stopping the therapy with rivaroxaban. The thrombophilia panel came back positive for high levels of homocysteine (67 μmol/L), with other thrombophilia results within normal limits. The patient was stable during the follow-up period. Pulmonary embolism should be always suspected in younger patients with acute severe dyspnea even without provocable risk factors. High suspicion level and fast diagnosis are lifesaving. In younger patients presented with unprovoked pulmonary embolism, clinicians should consider inherited prothrombotic factors and homocystinemia as a potential cause. Rescue fibrinolysis is a lifesaving therapy in hemodynamic worsening in intermediate high-risk PE patients. A longer anticoagulation therapy should be considered in these cases with novel oral anticoagulants that are recommended as safer and superior therapy.
Analisis Fungsi Jasa Bio-Ekologis Hutan Kota Kawasan Industri
Authors: Syihabuddin Akhmad , Darmadi Budi , Waryono Tarsoen
Published: August 2021

The construction of green areas in the form of urban forests around the industrial area on the belief Pulogadung role bio-ecological service, functions of various types of plant communities is considered capable of improving the environmental quality of industrial estates. The purposes of study: (1) analyze the dynamics of the urban forest tree growth; (2) analyze the micro-climatic conditions; (3) to analyze the carbon stored amount; (4) analyze the knowledge and attitudes; and (5) urban forest management analyze the industrial area. The study was conducted in Urban forest Industrial Estate Pulogadung, East Jakarta. Samples of vegetation consist of three single swath, while human sample consisted of 40 respondents and two informants. The structure and composition of vegetation that dominates in the Urban forest Industrial Estate Pulogadung Samanea saman for phase trees with IVI 67.68%; Swietenia mahagoni for phase pole with IVI 241.846%; Leucaena leucocephala for phase stake with IVI 126.13%. The growth dynamics of urban forest tree unnatural. Micro-climatic conditions in the category uncomfortable are 29.75, whereas the condition ideally convenient in the range 25.0 - 27.0°C. The amount of carbon stocks in urban forest Industrial Estate Pulogadung of 77.27 tons/ha, while the average carbon density per hectare is 283.3 tons/ha. People's knowledge of the existence of the benefits of urban forests Industrial Estate Pulogadung as a producer of oxygen is greater (97.5%) of the thermostat (90%), and infiltration of rainwater (82.5%), while public attitudes as much as 83.75% agree to participate in managing the urban forest Industrial Estate Pulogadung.
Sebaran Pola Pertumbuhan Ikan Red Devil (Amphilophus sp) Di Kawasan Danau Batur, Bali
Authors: Juliawan I Wayan , Arthana I Wayan , Suryaningtyas Endang Wulandari
Published: August 2021

Batur Lake is one of the lakes located in the Kintamani sub-district, Bali. This lake has abundant biodiversity, one of them is Red Devil fish (Amphilophus sp) which is a competitor of native and introduced fish. The research aims to find out the pattern of growth, size structure, and the physical and chemical conditions of waters. The method used was descriptive quantitative by using two trapping devices that were fishing rods and nets. Calculation results showed that a wide range of growth patterns of Red Devil (Amphilophus sp) fish on both trapping devices (fishing rods and nets) were grouped (Id<1). The highest sized structure value on the trapping devices (fishing rod) found in the water of Trunyan Village that was total length (TL) of  9,3 cm, Standard length (SL) of 7,3 cm, and weight: 16,5 gr. On the trapping devices (net) the highest value was found in the water of Songan Village that was total length (TL) of 13,5, SL of 11,1, and weight: 48,8 gr. The growth patterns of Red Devil (Amphilophus sp) fish based on length and weight analysis showed that were partly positive allometric and partly negative allometric. The result of the water quality  measurement in the water of Batur Lake was about 26,3°C – 29,1°C (temperature), 5,36 mg/L – 6 mg/L, (DO), 7,2 – 7,8 (pH), and 87,1 cm – 147,8 cm (brightness).
Prediction Landslide Location Area Using ANN (Case study in Bangli Regency, Bali Indonesia)
Authors: Antara I Made Oka Guna , Márquez Ricardo Salvador Ríos , Osawa Takahiro
Published: August 2021

Landslides are significant geo-hazards heavily impacting many regions of the world regarding human lives and economic losses. The large magnitude of natural forces involved in landslides makes actions of mitigation or prevention unfeasible, with exceptions for minor occurrences or under special conditions. Many old methods have been applied in landslide management and/or prediction, such as overlays or weighting methods. The newest/advanced methods are still being developed and one of the newest methods is Artificial Neural Network (ANN). ANN are biologically inspired computer programs designed to simulate how the human brain processes information. Many types of ANN exist; the most famous one is Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) Neural Network Algorithm with FeedForward model. MLP consists of three parts: the input layers as neurons representing the value of data; the hidden layer, which demonstrates the network training process; and the output layer, which provides the prediction of the landslide areas. In this research, the input layer consists of landslide location characteristics, such as the rainfall intensity, land cover, slope, geological types, and rate displacement of landslides. As a case study, Bangli Regency was selected. In 2017 there was a landslide disaster in the Kintamani District, Bangli Regency, which resulted in dozens of people missing or dead, and several houses destroyed. In this study different numbers of neurons were used in the hidden layer (15, 50, 100, and 150 neurons). The best performance is obtained at 150 neurons, with 0.9677 (96,77%) for the test set.
PENGARUH SUHU DAN WAKTU MASERASI TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Ananta Dimas Anggi , Ganda Putra G.P. , Arnata I Wayan
Published: August 2021

Cocoa pod husk is a by-product of cocoa processing which is quite abundant and has not been used optimally. Cacao pod husk can be used more optimally by extracting, its content of polyphenol compounds which can be used as natural antioxidants. The aim of this study were to determine the effect of temperature and maceration time of cocoa pod husk extract as a source of antioxidants and to determine the best type of temperature and maceration time to produce cocoa pod husk extract as a source of antioxidants. This experiment was designed by using factorial randomized block design. The first factor was type of maceration temperature consisting of 30±2°C, 45±2°C and 60±2°C. The second factor was maceration time, which were done for 24, 36 and 48 h. The data were analyzed with analysis of variance and continued with the Tukey test. The results showed that the temperature and time of maceration had a very significant effect on yield, total phenolic and antioxidant capacity of cocoa pod husk extract. Interactions between treatments had a very significant effect on total phenolic and antioxidant capacity but did not significantly affect the yield of cocoa pod husk extract. The best treatment for producing cocoa pod husk extract as a source of antioxidants was using maceration temperature 60±2°C and maceration time for 36 h with yield characteristics 5,28±0,15%, total phenolic at 168.16±0,06 mg GAE/g and capacity antioxidant 130.94±0.84 mg GAEAC/g.

Keywords: Cocoa pod husk, extraction, temperature, time, antioxidants.
Review Metode Analisis Warfarin dalam Plasma dengan Berbagai Instrumen
Authors: Sholihah Shofuro , Putriana Norisca Aliza , Pratiwi Rimadani
Published: August 2021

Warfarin merupakan obat antikoagulan oral yang digunakan untuk menangani penyakit terkait dengan tromboembolisme. Warfarin memiliki indeks terapi yang sempit serta memiliki kecenderungan berinteraksi dengan obat maupun herba sehingga membutuhkan pemantauan yang cermat pada efek farmakologi yang ditimbulkan. Penentuan pemberian dosis serta pengamatan efek dari interaksi warfarin dengan obat atau herba salah satunya dapat diketahui dengan menganalisis konsentrasi warfarin dalam plasma darah. Artikel ini merupakan kajian pustaka yang bertujuan untuk memberikan tinjauan mengenai metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis konsentrasi warfarin dalam plasma darah serta teknik preparasi sampelnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam review artikel ini menggunakan penelusuran melalui basis data PubMed®. Hasil yang didapatkan bahwa metode yang umum digunakan untuk determinasi warfarin dalam plasma darah yakni high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) serta ultra-HPLC dengan detektor ultraviolet (UV), fluoresensi (FLD), diode array (DAD), maupun spektroskopi massa (MS). Metode lainnya yaitu spektrofotometri UV/Vis dan spektrofotometri fluoresensi serta elektroforesis. Dari metode tersebut, metode HPLC dengan detektor spektroskopi massa paling banyak digunakan untuk menganalisis warfarin serta teknik preparasi sampel yang umum digunakan yakni preparasi sampel yang umum digunakan yakni presipitasi protein menggunakan asetonitril sebagai protein presipitan serta penambahan asam untuk meningkatkan nilai recovery warfarin dari plasma darah
Pengetahuan Perawat Mengenai Faktor Risiko Sediaan Intravena yang Berkaitan dengan Kejadian Flebitis
Authors: Azni Meicella , Rahmawati Fita , Wiedyaningsih Chairun
Published: August 2021

Flebitis merupakan infeksi yang sering terjadi selama perawatan dan dapat menyebabkan komplikasi lebih lanjut seperti septikemia, sehingga dapat memperpanjang waktu perawatan di rumah sakit. Kondisi ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan perawat mengenai administrasi obat injeksi intravena. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengetahuan perawat mengenai faktor risiko sediaan intravena yang berkaitan dengan kejadian flebitis. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross-sectional. Subyek penelitian perawat pada suatu rumah sakit pemerintah di Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah. Sejumlah 159 perawat terlibat dalam penelitian yang dilakukan bulan September hingga Oktober 2020. Pengetahuan perawat mengenai faktor risiko sediaan intravena yang berkaitan dengan kejadian flebitis dinilai menggunakan instrumen kuesioner. Kuesioner terdiri dari karakteristik responden, pengetahuan perawat mengenai faktor risiko sediaan intravena yang berkaitan dengan kejadian flebitis, dan pernyataan perawat mengenai perawatan dan pemeliharaan kanula intravena perifer. Kuesioner telah diuji validitas dengan hasil valid. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 83,08% responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik mengenai faktor risiko sediaan intravena, dan 86,30% responden menjawab dengan benar terkait pernyataan perawat mengenai perawatan dan pemeliharaan kanula intravena perifer. Pelatihan obat suntik dan teknik aseptik masih sangat diperlukan mengingat masih terdapat 10,69% responden yang belum mendapatkan pelatihan serta diperlukan juga workshop penyegaran agar dapat memaksimalkan pelayanan di rumah sakit
Validasi Metoda Analisis Penetapan Kadar Ketoprofen pada Tablet Salut Enterik secara Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi dan Spektrofotometri UV
Authors: Umar Salman , Saafrida Saafrida , Lucida Henny
Published: August 2021

Ketoprofen yang beredar di Indonesia sebagian besar dalam bentuk sediaan tablet salut enterik, tetapi metoda analisis untuk penetapan kadar dan uji disolusinya belum tersedia dalam farmakope.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah  mengembangkan metode kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi (KCKT) dan spektrofotometri ultraviolet visibel (UV) untuk  melakukan analisis tablet salut enterik ketoprofen. Penetapan kadar  dan keseragaman kandungan ketoprofen tablet salut enterik ditentukan secara KCKT isokratik fase terbalik yang telah divalidasi menggunakan kolom reverse phase (RP-18 ) (250 x 4,6 mm) diameter partikel 5 µm, fase gerak metanol-dapar fosfat 13 mM pH 6,5 perbandingan 60:40 v/v, laju alir 1,0 mL/menit dan detektor UV 258 nm. Spesifisitas, linieritas, akurasi, dan presisi  memenuhi persyaratan International Conference on Harmonization (ICH). Metode KCKT memberikan lineritas yang sangat baik (r > 0,999) pada rentang konsentrasi 15 – 35 µg/mL, presisi dinyatakan dalam persen deviasi standar relative (% RSD <0,87) dan perolehan kembali yang baik (R> 99,97%). Metode KCKT lebih sensitif dibandingkan metode spektrofotometri UV, dengan nilai LOD masing-masing adalah 0,18 dan 0,67 µg/mL serta LOQ 1,20 dan 2,49 µg/mL.  Hasil validasi dan uji penetapan kadar ketoprofen pada tablet salut enterik dengan metode KCKT tidak berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan metode spektrofotometri UV (P>0,05)
Authors Response: Clinical differences between children with asthma and rhinitis in rural and urban areas
Authors: Sánchez Jorge , Sánchez Andrés , Cardona Ricardo
Published: August 2021

We greatly appreciate the interest shown in the article "Clinical differences between children with asthma and rhinitis in rural and urban areas", which we hope will be one of several future articles that we intend to carry out in the study cohort. To the questions generated by the reader, one is focused on the calculation of the sample size, while the other two questions are focus in the method of analysis, and the reader suggests, it could be more robust.
Regarding the sample size, we describe that infant asthma in urban areas of Medellin was 11% and rhinitis 23%, according to previous studies. There is no data available for the rural area. We note that with a confidence level of 95%, a power of 80% and a sample size error of 0.5%, the sample size was calculated; estimating 201 children for the urban area and 128 for the rural area. Finally, we recruited and were able to continue for a year, a total of 248 children from the urban area and 134 from the rural area. The complaint of the reader, is focus that the more appropriated technique would be "… the appropriate sample size calculation must have been the difference of means between two independent populations, although the authors did not report any ACT effect size based on previous studies."...
Las estrellas son negras: un clásico afroamericano
Authors: Collazos Óscar
Published: August 2021

La recuperación de Arnoldo Palacios y de sus obras para el canon de la literatura afroamericana le sitúa como un escritor esencial en la construcción de una identidad cultural de los colombianos y de una literatura fiel a su destino social. Sus personajes negros, exponiendo las precariedades de su situación, no apelan en ningún instante a la piedad ni a la conmiseración, y sí construyen un imaginario de denuncia política y social.
La mujer negra en la novela colombiana. Entre la fundación y la africanidad
Authors: Fernández-O. Adelaida
Published: August 2021

La representación de la mujer negra en la novela colombiana ha sido parcial, interpolada, muestra los vacíos que hay de ella en la novela, la diversidad d eobras muestra un cambio en este tratamiento y recupera su historia, así en las dos últimas décadas del siglo XX, se visibiliza como personaje importante en novelas como Changó el Gran Putas y Del amor y otros demonios, obras inscritas en la diáspora y en la demonización de lo negro respectivamente. El siglo XXI inaugura con La ceiba de la memoria. Manuel Zapata Olivella y Roberto Burgos Cantor recuperan las voces silenciadas, hacen notorio lo invisibilizado y exploran el caudal poético que estaba represado.
A propósito de la orfandad
Authors: Alvarán-Garcés Sandra Beatriz
Published: August 2021

Este artículo se aproxima a la obra Los ríos profundos de José María Arguedas como una obra que evoca la memoria, recuerda la orfandad y conduce también al reconocimiento y a la certeza de que no hay abandono. Gracias a la presencia de La Pachamama es posible rescatar de la violencia del tiempo, una historia que fue y que sigue siendo ahora. Arguedas fusiona el pasado en el presente, navega con el tiempo y obliga también a realizar el viaje hacia el interior de nuestra propia memoria. Nuestros pasos dados marcarán la historia de los que siguen. El hecho sublime de su obra radica en el despertar que logra en la conciencia de quien todavía posee intuición.
La fisura irremediable: la nación peruana en la obra de Mario Vargas Llosa
Authors: Ortiz María Mercedes
Published: August 2021

Leídas en conjunto, las novelas La casa verde (1967), El hablador (1987) y Lituma en los Andes (1993), de Mario Vargas Llosa, nos revelan una nación deseada e imaginada como mestiza y homogénea, puesta al servicio de los intereses neoliberales en un mundo globalizado. Las obras se ocupan de la Selva y los Andes o Sierra, y sus poblaciones indígenas, tradicionalmente excluidas de la nación peruana, y de las relaciones de estas regiones con la Costa, el centro de poder político del país. Al romper los límites entre las novelas mediante la circulación de personajes e historias comunes y al crear personajes indígenas dotados de cierta voz, Vargas Llosa pareciera querer abolir la tradicional separación entre las distintas regiones del Perú, prefigurando de este modo un proyecto de nación inclusivo que dé participación a los permanentemente excluidos.
El funk de Río de Janeiro y las comunidades: entre la prohibición por ley y la pacificación por la guerra
Authors: Pimentel Ary
Published: August 2021

En un momento en que continúan los operativos contra favelas y se realizan múltiples intervenciones urbanas en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro para albergar los Juegos Olímpicos y parte del Campeonato Mundial de Fútbol de 2014, destacándose la puesta en escena de una narrativa propia de un estado de guerra con unidades de élite de la Policía Militar, Policía Civil y efectivos del Ejército penetrando en comunidades apoyados por tanques y helicópteros de combate, parece importante intentar fugarse al encanto mediático y desplazar la mirada de la crítica a los discursos que representan la realidad desde el otro lado de la trinchera donde la ausencia del Estado y el domino del narco está generando otra forma de vida. Con una historia del proceso de formación y los cambios recientes de una de las más potentes manifestaciones culturales de las periferias latinoamericanas (el Funk Carioca) y el análisis de algunos aspectos destacados de un corpus formado por letras que incluyen los datos duros y sangrientos del mundo de la violencia armada, el ensayo, intenta dar cuenta de la importancia del Funk Prohibido o “Proibidão” para el estudio de la cultura popular contemporánea en Rio e intenta pensar, también, las metamorfosis por que pasa ese discurso en tiempos de “pacificación” de las barriadas populares cariocas donde las fuerzas del orden se comportan con los residentes a la manera de un ejército de ocupación. La articulación del discurso de lo “prohibido” y las crónicas de la ciudad con sus personajes criminales y simples habitantes de las regiones de exclusión y segregación permite pensar una textualidad nueva como lugar de escenificación de una ficción narrativa con poderoso papel para la sociabilidad de estos territorios. Leer estas músicas que cuentan las vivencias del mundo narco en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro (Brasil) aparece, así, como un intento de comprender el fenómeno no como un asunto policíaco, sino como elemento revelador de los procesos de representación desde abajo, desde los de abajo y sus propios balbuceos.
Diana Cazadora
Authors: Santos Molano Enrique
Published: August 2021

Este artículo versa sobre la novela Diana cazadora de Clímaco Soto Borda, prosa caracterizada por el humor sostenido y formidable. La importancia que tuvo De sobremesa novela de José Asunción Silva en la obra de Soto Borda es motivo de diversos cuestionamientos sobre la imitación y la inspiración, aludiendo desde el ejercicio del lector / escritor al palimpsesto que encierra cada obra de arte. Novela jocosa y divertida, construye una versión caricaturesca de la sociedad de la época, retratada por el continuador de toda una tradición literaria.
Posar desnuda en La Habana
Authors: Fernández Ochoa Adelaida
Published: August 2021

Posar desnuda en La Habana
Marginales imaginarios. Ficción y realidad en la nueva novela policial mexicana
Authors: Serrato Córdova José Eduardo
Published: August 2021

La evolución del género policial en México ha sido lenta y, en sus inicios marginal, luego se puso de moda gracias a que autores cultos como Carlos Fuentes, Fernando del Paso, Sergio Pitol iniciaron elogios del género, nos recordaron las raíces del mismo y escribieron novelas basadas en códigos narrativos del género negro. La cabeza de la hidra ejemplifica en buena manera el dilema de un autor culto metido en novelas policiales.
Los animales en los haikus de José Juan Tablada: Taxonomía de una fauna interior
Authors: Vásquez Hurtado David
Published: August 2021

En el libro de haikus titulado Jarro de flores, del poeta mexicano José Juan Tablada (1871-1945), los animales son instancias de percepción hacia la reconstrucción de la voz poética en un peregrinaje interior. Comienza con la búsqueda de una voz primitiva representada en el sapo y el perro. El próximo destino será el jardín japonés con animales diminutos evanescentes a la percepción. El siguiente será un paisaje hispanoamericano de animales grandes ya sometidos a la mirada. Posteriormente el poeta asume el control de su voz poética en un paisaje oceánico, con animales marítimos elaborados mediante la intertextualidad. El punto de llegada es una integración de estas diversas instancias de percepción.
La interacción entre los textos y la teoría en la aulas de literatura
Authors: Guardalá Rosana
Published: August 2021

Actis, B. & Barberis, R. (2013). Las aulas de literatura. De los textos a la teoría y de la teoría a los textos. Rosario: Homosapiens. p. 164. Printed.
Editorial
Authors: Bautista Alvaro
Published: August 2021

Durante un tiempo la Crítica acompaña a la Obra, luego la Crítica se desvanece y son los Lectores quienes la acompañan. El viaje puede ser largo o corto. Luego los Lectores mueren uno por uno y la Obra sigue sola, aunque otra Crítica y otros Lectores poco a poco vayan acompasándose a su singladura. Luego la Crítica muere otra vez y los Lectores mueren otra vez y sobre esa huella de huesos sigue la Obra su viaje hacia la soledad. (Los detectives salvajes, 2004 484)
La escritura de Mario Levrero como una cartografía autobiográfica y literaria, rioplatense y trasatlántica
Authors: Islas Flores Mario César
Published: August 2021

En este artículo, se realiza un análisis de la escritura autobiográfica de Mario Levrero (1940-2004) a partir de la categoría de espacialidad y la perspectiva teórica de Karl Schlögel. Consideramos que Apuntes bonaerenses, Diario de una canalla, El discurso vacío, La novela luminosa y Burdeos, 1972 constituyen una cartografía autobiográfica y literaria rioplatense y trasatlántica dentro de la obra levreriana en la medida en que las ciudades uruguayas de Montevideo y Colonia del Sacramento, la argentina Buenos Aires y, del otro lado del Atlántico, París y Burdeos se convierten en los ejes sobre los que giran unas narraciones centradas en la primera persona del singular. La incorporación de este correlato geográfico nos permitirá autenticar la dimensión autobiográfica en estos textos al observar procesos microhistóricos (individuales, subjetivos, endógenos) y macrohistóricos (colectivos, objetivos, exógenos) dentro de este corpus narrativo, y, además, esto permitirá repensar la relación existente entre este arco narrativo y la ficción del autor uruguayo.