bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and perceptions of utilising telehealth for predominantly middle‐aged to older, metropolitan‐based general medical patients
Authors: Dao Thang , Long Karrie , Maier Andrea B.
Published: March 2023

Background

Effective post‐pandemic telehealth (TH) requires understanding patients' characteristics and perceptions, which have not been established in broader clinical services and are independent of TH appointments.

Aims

To understand medical patients' characteristics and perspectives on using TH.

Methods

General medical patients in a statewide tertiary hospital in Victoria, Australia received a de‐identified survey independent of TH appointments during visits between July and November 2020. Patients' characteristics, access to devices enabling TH, knowledge of TH and willingness to use TH were analysed with descriptive statistics.

Results

Of 1600 patients, 754 (46.4% female, aged 72.0 years [59.0–83.0]) were able to complete the survey. The majority lived in metropolitan areas (74.4%), owned at least one TH device (98.1%) and had internet access at home (55.6%). About 52.7% of patients were comfortable with their devices, and 43.5% had successfully used TH. Although patients preferred face‐to‐face appointments (80.8%) and 41.4% agreed TH would be as good as in‐person appointments, 63.9% were interested in future TH appointments. Patients preferring face‐to‐face appointments were older (P = 0.008) and had lower education levels (P = 0.010), whereas patients preferring TH had video TH devices (P < 0.05), were comfortable with their devices (P = 0.002) and were willing to use TH (P < 0.05). TH cost saving was parking AU$10.0 [0.0–15.0], driving AU$5.8 [4.5–19.9], public transport AU$8.00 [5.0–10.0], taxis AU$30.00 [15.0–50.0] and time AU$153.2 [76.6–153.2].

Conclusion

From predominantly middle‐aged to older, metropolitan‐based general medical patients completing the survey, most patienpreferred face‐to‐face appointments to TH. Health services should subsidise those in need of TH and target the patients' barriers to effective TH use.
Genomic dominance variance analysis of health and milk production traits in German Holstein cattle
Authors: Schneider Helen , Heise Johannes , Tetens Jens , Thaller Georg , Wellmann Robin , Bennewitz Jörn
Published: March 2023

Genomic analyses commonly explore the additive genetic variance of traits. The non‐additive variance, however, is usually small but often significant in dairy cattle. This study aimed at dissecting the genetic variance of eight health traits that recently entered the total merit index in Germany and the somatic cell score (SCS), as well as four milk production traits by analysing additive and dominance variance components. The heritabilities were low for all health traits (between 0.033 for mastitis and 0.099 for SCS), and moderate for the milk production traits (between 0.261 for milk energy yield and 0.351 for milk yield). For all traits, the contribution of dominance variance to the phenotypic variance was low, varying between 0.018 for ovarian cysts and 0.078 for milk yield. Inbreeding depression, inferred from the SNP‐based observed homozygosity, was significant only for the milk production traits. The contribution of dominance variance to the genetic variance was larger for the health traits, ranging from 0.233 for ovarian cysts to 0.551 for mastitis, encouraging further studies that aim at discovering QTLs based on their additive and dominance effects.
Dispersal syndromes mediate phylogenetic distance decay relationships in a dendritic stream network
Authors: Ge Yihao , García‐Girón Jorge , Heino Jani , Liu Zhenyuan , Zhang Chen , Yan Yunzhi , Xie Zhicai , Li Zhengfei
Published: March 2023

Aim

Understanding the mechanisms underlying the structure and connectivity of ecological communities is a central issue in biogeography. Dispersal syndromes are tightly woven into organisms' life history seen across populations and communities, but measuring dispersal is still complicated in practice. We investigated the role of dispersal syndromes (here, associated with body size, adult flying ability and voltinism) to predict phylogenetic distance decay relationships (DDRs) of aquatic insect assemblages in dendritic stream networks.

Location

Du River Basin, China.

Taxon

Aquatic insects (Coleoptera, Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Megaloptera, Odonata, Plecoptera and Trichoptera).

Methods

We applied multiple methods (i.e. deconstruction approach, null models, Mantel tests and partial Mantel tests) to enhance our basic understanding of phylogenetic distance decay patterns. To provide additional insights into correlates of phylogenetic dissimilarity between stream sites, we modelled potential dispersal routes based on overland, watercourse and cost distances.

Results

Overland distances were among the main correlates of phylogenetic distance decay in the stream networks studied, suggesting that aquatic insects disperse overland seeking for habitats suitable for survival and reproduction. However, local environmental filtering was generally more important for phylogenetic DDRs than geographical distances alone. The interaction between environmental vs. dispersal processes in driving spatial patterns of phylogenetic dissimilarity was contingent on different dispersal syndromes. More specifically, significant phylogenetic DDRs were detected only for subsets of large‐bodied, univoltine taxa with strong adult flying abilities, such as dragonflies.

Main Conclusions

Overall, historical constraints affect the phylogenetic DDRs in aquatic insects. Dispersal syndromes associated with body size, adult flying ability and voltinism are key features underlying distance decay in phylogenetic assemblage similarity and the evolutionary legacies of aquatic insects in dendritic stream networks.
Towards a fuller picture: Triangulation and integration of the measurement of self‐regulated learning based on trace and think aloud data
Authors: Fan Yizhou , Rakovic Mladen , van der Graaf Joep , Lim Lyn , Singh Shaveen , Moore Johanna , Molenaar Inge , Bannert Maria , Gašević Dragan
Published: March 2023

Background

Many learners struggle to productively self‐regulate their learning. To support the learners' self‐regulated learning (SRL) and boost their achievement, it is essential to understand the cognitive and metacognitive processes that underlie SRL. To measure these processes, contemporary SRL researchers have largely utilized think aloud or trace data, however, not without challenges.

Objectives

In this paper, we present the findings of a study that investigated how concurrent analysis and integration of think aloud and trace data could advance the measurement of SRL and assist in better understanding the mechanisms of SRL processes, especially those details that remain obscured by observing each data channel individually.

Methods

We concurrently collected think aloud and trace data generated by 44 university students in a laboratory setting and analysed those data relative to the same timeline.

Results

We found that the two data channels could be interchangeably used to measure SRL processes for only 17.18% of all the time segments identified in a learning task. Moreover, SRL processes for around 45% of all the time segments could be detected via either trace data or think aloud data. For another 27.17% of all the time segments, different SRL processes were detected in both data channels.

Conclusions

Our results largely suggest that the two data collection methods can be used to complement each other in measuring SRL. In particular, we found that think aloud and trace data could provide different perspectives on SRL. The integration of the two methods further allowed us to reveal a more complex and more comprehensive temporal associations among SRL processes compared to using a single data collection method. In future research, the integrated measurement of SRL can be used to improve the detection of SRL processes and provide a fuller picture of SRL.
The Role of EEAS Chairs in Council Negotiations on Foreign and Security Policy Post‐Lisbon
Authors: Juncos Ana E. , Pomorska Karolina
Published: March 2023

This article examines the impact of the introduction of a permanent chair in the area of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP). The Lisbon Treaty transferred the functions of the rotating Presidency to the High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, represented at lower levels by officials from the European External Action Service (EEAS). Whilst the permanent chair was intended to improve effectiveness in CFSP negotiations, recent deadlocks challenge such expectations. Drawing on sociological approaches, we show that the ability of EEAS chairs to uphold the impartiality norm has been undermined by the fact that they are perceived as ‘outsiders’ by national negotiators. This has had negative consequences on the chairs' capacity to fulfil key roles of organiser, broker and political leader and, in turn, negotiation dynamics. Based on these findings, we argue for the need to take norms and identity factors more seriously when designing institutions.
The heterogeneity of the homebound: A latent class analysis of a national sample of homebound older adults
Authors: Mather Harriet , Kleijwegt Hannah , Bollens‐Lund Evan , Liu Bian , Garrido Melissa M. , Kelley Amy S. , Leff Bruce , Ritchie Christine S. , Ornstein Katherine A.
Published: March 2023

Background

Homebound status is a final common pathway for people with a variety of diseases and conditions. There are 7 million homebound older adults in the United States. Despite concerns regarding their high healthcare costs and utilization and limited access to care, the unique subsets within the homebound population are understudied. Better understanding of distinct homebound groups may enable more targeted and tailored approaches to care delivery. Therefore, in a nationally representative sample of homebound older adults we used latent class analysis (LCA) to examine distinct homebound subgroups based on clinical and sociodemographic characteristics.

Materials and Methods

Using data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) 2011–2019, we identified 901 newly homebound persons (defined as never/rarely leaving home or leaving home only with assistance and/or difficulty). Sociodemographic, caregiving context, health and function, and geographic covariates were derived from NHATS via self‐report. LCA was used to identify the existence of distinct subgroups within the homebound population. Indices of model fit were compared for models testing 1–5 latent classes. Association between latent class membership and 1 year mortality was examined using a logistic regression.

Results

We identified four classes of homebound individuals differentiated by their health, function, sociodemographic characteristics, and caregiving context: (i) Resource constrained (n = 264); (ii) Multimorbid/high symptom burden (n = 216); (iii) Dementia/functionally impaired (n = 307); (iv) Older/assisted living (n = 114). One year mortality was highest among the older/assisted living subgroup (32.4%) and lowest among the resource constrained (8.2%).

Conclusions

This study identifies subgroups of homebound older adults characterized by distinct sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. These findings will support policymakers, payers, and providers in targeting and tailoring care to the needs of this growing population.
Antecedent goals for concealable stigma disclosure: The ironic effects of compassion
Authors: Foster Anthony M. , Talley Amelia E.
Published: March 2023

Disclosure of a concealable stigmatized identity is perhaps one of the most difficult obstacles facing individuals who live with “discreditable” attributes. Although previous research suggests that antecedent goals, or the reasons why individuals disclose their stigma to others, have a fundamental influence on disclosure events and their subsequent outcomes, much of this work has focused on the perspective of the discloser, with little attention paid to the perspective of the confidant. The current experiment used the Actor‐Partner Interdependence Model to test the hypothesis that more salient compassionate, as opposed to self‐image‐focused, goals would be associated with more positive disclosure experiences, for both dyad members, as reflected in their self‐reports of improved affect, greater interpersonal closeness, reduced anticipated stigma, bolstered social support, and increased trust. Results indicated that, although focusing on compassionate goals during disclosure can foster feelings of interpersonal closeness and perceived trust, prioritizing the needs of one's confidant in conjunction with one's own needs may, at times, have ironic negative effects, including diminished positive affect. Overall, findings highlight the continued need to examine reciprocal influence processes in interpersonal disclosure contexts to better understand when, why, and for whom revealing a concealable stigma will yield benefit, rather than harm.
Effects of oral β‐cryptoxanthin administration on the transcriptomes of peripheral neutrophil and liver tissue using microarray analysis in post‐weaned Holstein calves
Authors: Kimura Atsushi , Kim Yo‐Han , Hashizume Kazuyoshi , Ito Akira , Mukai Katsuyuki , Kizaki Keiichiro , Sato Shigeru
Published: March 2023

We investigated the effects of oral administration of β‐cryptoxanthin (β‐CRX), a precursor of vitamin A synthesis, on the transcriptomes of peripheral neutrophils and liver tissue in post‐weaned Holstein calves with immature immunity. A single oral administration of β‐CRX (0.2 mg/kg body weight) was performed in eight Holstein calves (4.0 ± 0.8 months of age; 117 ± 10 kg) on Day 0. Peripheral neutrophils (n = 4) and liver tissue (n = 4) were collected on Days 0 and 7. Neutrophils were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and treated with the TRIzol reagent. mRNA expression profiles were examined by microarray and differentially expressed genes were investigated using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. The differentially expressed candidate genes identified in neutrophils (COL3A1, DCN, and CCL2) and liver tissue (ACTA1) were involved in enhanced bacterial killing and maintenance of cellular homoeostasis respectively. The changes in the expression of six of the eight common genes encoding enzymes (ADH5 and SQLE) and transcription regulators (RARRES1, COBLL1, RTKN, and HES1) were in the same direction in neutrophils and liver tissue. ADH5 and SQLE are involved in the maintenance of cellular homoeostasis by increasing the availability of substrates, and RARRES1, COBLL1, RTKN, and HES1 are associated with the suppression of apoptosis and carcinogenesis. An in silico analysis revealed that MYC, which is related to the regulation of cellular differentiation and apoptosis, was the most significant upstream regulator in neutrophils and liver tissue. Transcription regulators such as CDKN2A (cell growth suppressor) and SP1 (cell apoptosis enhancer) were significantly inhibited and activated, respectively, in neutrophils and liver tissue. These results suggest that oral administration of β‐CRX promotes the expression of candidate genes related to bactericidal ability and regulation of cellular processes in peripheral neutrophils and liver cells in response to the immune‐enhancing function of β‐CRX in post‐weaned Holstein calves.
The pharmacokinetics of single oral dose extended‐release topiramate and adverse effects after multi‐dose administration in healthy cats
Authors: Graham Lindsey T. , Foss Kari D. , Reinhart Jennifer M. , Smith Kathryn M. , Hague Devon W. , Li Zhong
Published: March 2023

Current treatment options for feline epilepsy are limited to medications that require administration of multiple doses per day or administration of a capsule or large tablet. Expanding the current treatment options could improve patient and owner compliance and optimize seizure control. Topiramate has been used sparingly in veterinary medicine, and limited pharmacokinetic studies have focused on immediate release formulations in dogs. If effective and safe, topiramate extended‐release (XR) could broaden the current treatment options for feline epilepsy. The aims of this two‐phase study were to establish single‐dose pharmacokinetics for topiramate XR in cats, identify a dosing regimen that maintains steady‐state plasma drug concentrations within a reference range extrapolated from human medicine (5–20 μg/mL), and evaluate the safety of topiramate XR in cats following multidose administration. Topiramate XR administered orally at 10 mg/kg once daily for 30 days was sufficient to achieve the desired concentrations in all cats. While no clinically apparent adverse effects were observed, four out of eight cats developed subclinical anemia, calling into question the safety of topiramate XR with chronic administration. Further studies are necessary to better understand the potential adverse effects and overall efficacy of topiramate XR for the treatment of feline epilepsy.
Relationship between serum allergen‐specific immunoglobulin E and threshold dose in an oral food challenge
Authors: Yanagida Noriyuki , Sato Sakura , Nagakura Ken‐ichi , Takahashi Kyohei , Fusayasu Naoko , Miura Yoko , Itonaga Takaaki , Ogura Kiyotake , Ebisawa Motohiro
Published: March 2023

Background

Several studies have reported threshold doses for food allergens. However, evidence regarding potential risk factors for low threshold doses is limited. Moreover, the relationship between threshold dose and specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) levels to causative foods remains unclear. This study examined the relationship and the risk factors for a low threshold dose.

Methods

We recruited children with food allergies and examined the risk factors for a positive oral food challenge (OFC) with a low threshold dose and anaphylaxis.

Results

We evaluated 2501 children with food allergies (1667 [67%] boys; median age, 4.9 years) to eggs (n = 1096), milk (n = 671), wheat (n = 370), peanuts (n = 258), walnuts (n = 65), and cashews (n = 41). Of these patients, 234 (9%) reacted to ≤30 mg protein of causative foods and 620 (25%) reacted to ≤100 mg protein of causative foods. The sIgE level to causative foods was a significant independent factor for positive OFCs with a threshold dose of ≤30 mg for milk, wheat, and peanuts; ≤ 100 mg for eggs, milk, wheat, peanuts, and cashews; and anaphylaxis from eggs, milk, wheat, peanuts, and walnuts. High sIgE levels to causative foods were associated with a lower threshold dose of the OFC and anaphylaxis during the OFC.

Conclusions

Approximately 9% of patients reacted to ≤30 mg protein of causative foods. The potential risks of anaphylaxis should be considered during OFCs for patients with elevated sIgE levels.
Anxiety in children: A review on how to address it in the perioperative setting post‐pandemic
Authors: Challa Chaitanya , Geng‐Ramos Giuliana , Gray Laura , Orshan Taytum , Thackeray Laura , Gupta Pooja
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we review the psychological burden of SARS‐CoV‐2 on children and how health care workers can play a role in mitigating its mental health impact during anesthetic procedures. We evaluate the societal changes that have affected children over 2 years of the pandemic and the subsequent soaring rates of anxiety and depression reported. Unfortunately, the perioperative setting is a stressful experience at baseline and the addition of COVID‐19 has only exacerbated the situation. Anxiety and depression are often linked to maladaptive behavior post‐surgery, including increased rates of emergence delirium. Providers can utilize techniques based on developmental milestones, Certified Child Life Specialists, parental presence during induction, and medications to reduce anxiety. As health care workers, we need to recognize and address these concerns as untreated mental health issues can leave long‐term consequences for children.
Changes in parents' attitudes towards childhood vaccines during COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Duran Sedef , Duran Rıdvan , Acunaş Betül , Şahin Erkan Melih
Published: March 2023

Background: Concerns about the safety and adverse reactions of rapidly‐developed vaccines against COVID‐19 contributed to parents' vaccine hesitancy and this situation created an opportunity for anti‐vaccine campaigners. The aim of this study was to examine the changes in parents' attitudes towards childhood vaccines during COVID‐19 pandemic.

Methods: In this cross‐sectional study, parents of children who applied to the outpatient clinic of pediatric department of Trakya University Hospital, Edirne, Türkiye, between August 2020 and February 2021 were recruited into two study groups according to COVID‐19 peak time in Türkiye. Group 1 included parents of children who applied after first peak of the COVID‐19 pandemic and Group 2 included parents of children who applied after second peak. The World Health Organization 10‐item Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (WHO‐VHS) was applied to each group.

Results: A total of 610 parents agreed to participate in the study. Group 1 and 2 consisted of 160 and 450 parents, respectively. While the number of parents who were hesitant about childhood vaccines was 17 (10.6%) in Group 1, it was 90 (20%) in Group 2. A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (p = 0.008). The (WHO‐VHS) mean ± SD score was found to be higher in Group 2 (23.7 ± 6.9) than Group 1 (21.3 ± 7.3) (p < 0.001). The WHO‐VHS‐ mean ± SD scores of parents who experienced COVID‐19 infection themselves or their family or acquaintances were significantly lower than those who did not (20.0 ± 6.5 vs. 24.7 ± 6.9) (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: The hesitant attitudes towards childhood and COVID‐19 vaccines were low in parents who directly or indirectly experienced COVID‐19 or were worried about the devastating effects of this disease. However, it was shown that as the COVID‐19 pandemic progressed, parents' hesitations towards childhood vaccines increased.
On List's compatibilist libertarianism
Authors: Moore Dwayne , Ugljesic Sara
Published: March 2023

Christian List has recently presented a compatibilist libertarian solution to the free will and determinism problem. He proposes the admixture of libertarianism, which endorses agential alternative possibilities, with physical determinism, which endorses the necessity of physical effects. In this paper, we argue that List's innovative proposal ultimately fails.
From Africa to the world—The journey of Nile tilapia
Authors: El‐Sayed Abdel‐Fattah M. , Fitzsimmons Kevin
Published: March 2023

Despite the fact that Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (Linnaeus, 1758) are African freshwater fish, they have been introduced into many countries inside and outside Africa. The journey of Nile tilapia started during the second half of the 20th Century, especially in Southeast Asia and the Americas, mainly for aquaculture and fisheries enhancement. Most of these introductions became well established in aquaculture. As a result, aquaculture of Nile tilapia has been steadily expanding in many countries. These fish play an important role in the livelihoods of local societies on different continents. This review summarizes the current knowledge on global Nile tilapia introductions and sheds light on their social and economic contributions to the countries into which they have been introduced, as well as their share in the global fish market. The ecological impacts of tilapia introductions have also been addressed. The success stories of the major Nile tilapia producers were highlighted so that the lessons learned from their experiences could be transferred to other countries.
A global review of problematic and pathogenic parasites of farmed tilapia
Authors: Shinn Andrew P. , Avenant‐Oldewage Annemarie , Bondad‐Reantaso Melba G. , Cruz‐Laufer Armando J. , García‐Vásquez Adriana , Hernández‐Orts Jesús S. , Kuchta Roman , Longshaw Matt , Metselaar Matthijs , Pariselle Antoine , Pérez‐Ponce de León Gerardo , Pradhan Pravata Kumar , Rubio‐Godoy Miguel , Sood Neeraj , Vanhove Maarten P. M. , Deveney Marty R.
Published: March 2023

Over the past 80 years, tilapia have been translocated globally for aquaculture; active production is recorded in >124 countries. Of 7 million tonnes of tilapia produced in aquaculture, 79% is from 79 countries outside the natural range of tilapia. Capture fisheries account for a further 723,627 tonnes of tilapia, and >47% of this is landed from established invasive populations outside Africa. Tilapias host a rich fauna of parasites, many of which have been translocated with their hosts. This review summarises >2500 host–parasite records from 73+ countries and >820 recorded tilapia translocations (provided in the supplementary materials). This work focuses on the notable pathogens that threaten the health of cultured populations of tilapia, providing a description of their pathology and includes species that also have substantial impacts on wild tilapia populations, where relevant. For each major parasite taxonomic group, we highlight which parasites have been translocated or have been acquired from the new environments into which tilapia have been introduced, together with remarks on standard treatment approaches and research on them and their management and control. Regarding the theme ‘Tilapia health:quo vadis?’, Africa has enormous potential for aquaculture growth, but substantial knowledge gaps about tilapia parasites in many African states remain, which creates associated production and biosecurity risks. For each parasitic group, therefore, the risks of parasite translocation to new regions as tilapia aquaculture industries expand are highlighted.
Bacterial diseases of tilapia, their zoonotic potential and risk of antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Haenen Olga L. M. , Dong Ha Thanh , Hoai Truong Dinh , Crumlish Margaret , Karunasagar Iddya , Barkham Timothy , Chen Swaine L. , Zadoks Ruth , Kiermeier Andreas , Wang Bing , Gamarro Esther Garrido , Takeuchi Masami , Azmai Mohammad Noor Amal , Fouz Belén , Pakingking Rolando , Wei Zeng Wei , Bondad‐Reantaso Melba G.
Published: March 2023

Tilapia culture is an important source of income and nutrition to many rural families. Since 2000, the production of tilapia increased and reached domestic and global markets. Major farmed species is Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), in earthen ponds and cage cultures. Intensification contributed to global tilapia disease outbreaks, with bacterial infections causing mortalities and morbidities, threatening sustainable production. At tilapia farms, high nutrient concentrations, water temperature and fish densities enhance bacterial growth including virulent bacterial clones and potential zoonotic bacteria. Global warming favours this. This review respectively provides a comprehensive overview of the most common and emerging bacterial pathogens, diseases, clinical presentations and diagnostics of tilapia, including bacteria and diseases with zoonotic potential. First, common bacterial disease outbreaks, including streptococcosis, motileAeromonassepticaemia, francisellosis, columnaris disease and vibriosis are described. Then, information on emerging bacterial infections of concern for tilapia, like edwardsiellosis throughEdwardsiella ictaluriandE.tarda, as well asAeromonas schubertiiis provided. Reports of infectious bacterial tilapia disease outbreaks from other bacteria, includingLactococcus garvieae,Aerococcus viridans,Pseudomonasspp.,Mycobacterium marinumandChlamydiaspp., and others are reviewed. Furthermore, bacteria with zoonotic potential, likeStreptococcus agalactiaeST283,S.iniae,Aeromonassp.,E.tarda,Vibrio vulnificuspathovar (pv)piscisandM.marinumare included in the review, to provide the most current overview of the disease risks affecting production and post‐harvest stages. Additionally, the status and risks of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from tilapia and other cultured fish through imprudent use of antibiotics, and its future at a global level are provided.
Improving tilapia biosecurity through a value chain approach
Authors: MacKinnon Brett , Debnath Partho Pratim , Bondad‐Reantaso Melba G. , Fridman Sophie , Bin Hao , Nekouei Omid
Published: March 2023

Tilapia aquaculture is a major source of animal protein, with global production reaching over 6 million tonnes in 2020. The rapid growth of the tilapia sector has led to a number of emerging disease threats and subsequent production losses. Risk analysis can provide a targeted approach for improving biosecurity in the tilapia sector. The aim of this work was to describe the tilapia value chain and review the important infectious agents of tilapia that may affect the different points along the value chain; such points include input and service suppliers, producers (i.e., hatcheries, nurseries and grow‐out farms), and processors, traders and marketers. We then describe how risk analysis can be used to identify critical controls points along the value chain and describe potential risk mitigation measures that may be implemented at those points. The control of diseases of tilapia requires a multi‐faceted approach, with risk‐based control measures chosen based on their feasibility, effectiveness and sustainability. The Progressive Management Pathway for Improving Aquaculture Biosecurity, as a risk‐based, collaborative and progressive management approach combined with the systematic preventive principles of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point, offers a strategic and practical way of improving biosecurity in the tilapia value chain.
Psychometric evaluation of an Icelandic translation of the adolescent and parent report versions of the BATH pain questionnaires and investigation of the psychosocial impact of pain on adolescents with chronic disease
Authors: Gudmundsdottir Drifa B. , Brynjolfsdottir Berglind , Halldorsdottir Silja B. , Halldórsdóttir Halla R. , Thorsteinsdottir Sigrún , Valdimarsdottir Heiðdís
Published: March 2023

Adolescents commonly experience chronic pain, which can have considerable multidimensional effects on their lives, impacting, for example, their school functioning, leisure activities, sleep, and emotional functioning. Therefore, valid and reliable measurements of these multidimensional and potentially adverse effects, reflecting both the adolescents' and parents' perceptions, are essential. At present, no such measures are available in Iceland. The primary aim of the current study was to translate the Bath Adolescent Pain Questionnaire (BAPQ) and the Bath Adolescent Pain Questionnaire parent version (BAPQ‐P) and evaluate the psychometric qualities of the Icelandic translation. The study's secondary aim was to investigate the multidimensional impact of chronic pain on adolescents with chronic illness using these instruments. Participants were 45 adolescents (11–16 years old) registered in the medical records of the National University Hospital of Iceland with one of the following diagnoses: (1) Crohn's or colitis (IBD); (2) migraine; or (3) arthritis. Sixty‐nine parents of the diagnosed adolescents also participated (a total of 41 adolescent and parent dyads). To establish the psychometric qualities of the BAPQ and BAPQ‐P, participants were asked to complete several questionnaires online. The preliminary results showed that the Icelandic translations of the BAPQ and BAPQ‐P scales have good psychometric qualities, providing valid and reliable measures to assess the multidimensional effects of chronic pain in adolescents in both clinical and research settings. Moreover, the results showed that chronic pain impacts various domains in the adolescents’ lives and that the prevalence of anxiety and depression was quite high among them.
The myth of wartime prosperity: Evidence from the Canadian experience
Authors: Geloso Vincent , Pender Casey
Published: March 2023

This paper investigates therelationship between prosperity and national account data during wartime, focusing on Canada. In particular, we build off of existing literature arguing that military outlays must be excluded for real output measures to reasonably approximate economic prosperity. We analyse all non‐war components of Canadian gross national product during both world wars and estimate a novel price deflator for World War II in order to take into account wartime price controls. This allows us to obtain a new estimate of real output in Canada excluding military outlays. We then compare the trends in our new real output series with domestic private investment and stock market trends, all three of which either fell or grew at an anemic pace in Canada during both world wars. Combined, we argue that this provides evidence against the idea of wartime prosperity and more specifically, against the notion of World War II ending the Great Depression in Canada.
Chronic adrenergic stress and generation of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells: Implications for cancer immunotherapy in dogs
Authors: Ammons Dylan T. , MacDonald Cameron R. , Chow Lyndah , Repasky Elizabeth A. , Dow Steven
Published: March 2023

Recent studies have highlighted a key role played by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and adrenergic stress in mediating immune suppression associated with chronic inflammation in cancer and other diseases. The connection between chronic SNS activation, adrenergic stress and immune suppression is linked in part to the ability of catecholamines to stimulate the bone marrow release and differentiation of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSC). Rodent model studies have revealed an important role for β‐adrenergic receptor signalling in suppression of cancer immunity in mice subjected to chronic stresses, including thermal stress. Importantly, therapeutic blockade of beta‐adrenergic responses by drugs such as propranolol can partially reverse the generation and differentiation of MDSC, and partly restore tumour immunity. Clinical trials in both humans and dogs with cancer have demonstrated that propranolol blockade can improve responses to radiation therapy, cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Thus, the SNS stress response has become an important new target to relieve immune suppression in cancer and other chronic inflammatory conditions.
Valuate Stock Based on Accounting Approach Using Feltham and Ohlson Model
Authors: Marudut Tua Purba Hendryan , Haymans Manurung Adler , Sinaga Jhonni
Published: March 2023

Residual Income Model (RIM) is an accounting approach introduced and used by Feltham and Ohlson to measure firm value using future income based on most current information. The surplus relation applying firm earning and book value is used to forecast with consistent manner. This research uses RIM to valuate the pharmaceutical companies’ stocks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the year of 2010-2019 to be able to estimate the intrinsic or fair values of the companies’ shares for the year of 2020-2023, compared to their current market values and used as the basis to make decisions. Macro economy information of Indonesia that strongly relate to the pharmaceutical companies are applied to forecast the future values of the companies and the stock market information to determine the market values and the investment interest rates. The stock intrinsic values of DVLA, INAF, KAEF, KLBF, MERK and PYFA are confirmed below the market values for the year of 2020-2023. But, the stock intrinsic values of SCPI are above the market values. Thus, the stock intrinsic values of TSPC are fair. There are 6 (six) company stocks overvalued or expensive, 1 (one) company stock is undervalued or cheap, and another is fair.
Prevalence and incidence of anal cancer in HIV-positive men: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Walker Holly , Palokas Michelle
Published: March 2023

Objective:

The objective of this review is to synthesize the best evidence available to determine the prevalence and incidence of anal cancer in HIV-positive men.

Introduction:

Worldwide, an estimated 50,685 people were diagnosed with anal cancer in 2020 and an estimated 19,293 people died from the disease during the same year. From 2001 to 2015, the overall incidence of anal cancer increased by 2.7% per year, while mortality jumped by 3.1% each year. Evidence has shown that anal intraepithelial neoplasia can progress to cancer over time, particularly within the immunocompromised population.

Inclusion criteria:

This review will consider studies conducted in any setting, in any geographical location that report on the prevalence and incidence of adult males aged 18 years or older from any racial or ethnic background who are HIV positive and diagnosed with any type of anal cancer. Participants will be included regardless of stage of anal cancer, type of cancer treatment used, or length of time diagnosed.

Methods:

CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, LBGTQ+ Source (EBSCO), Web of Science Core Collection, MedNar, WorldWideScience, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses databases will be searched from 1990 till the present. Analytical and descriptive observational studies will be included and critically appraised by 2 independent reviewers. Data will be extracted using JBI standardized data extraction tools. If sufficient data are available, a meta-analysis will be conducted; otherwise, the findings will be presented in narrative format, including tables and figures to aid in data presentation.

Review registration:

PROSPERO CRD42022327933
A change of heart: understanding the mechanisms regulating cardiac proliferation and metabolism before and after birth
Authors: Dimasi Catherine G. , Darby Jack R. T. , Morrison Janna L.
Published: March 2023

Mammalian cardiomyocytes undergo major maturational changes in preparation for birth and postnatal life. Immature cardiomyocytes contribute to cardiac growth via proliferation and thus the heart has the capacity to regenerate. To prepare for postnatal life, structural and metabolic changes associated with increased cardiac output and function must occur. This includes exit from the cell cycle, hypertrophic growth, mitochondrial maturation and sarcomeric protein isoform switching. However, these changes come at a price: the loss of cardiac regenerative capacity such that damage to the heart in postnatal life is permanent. This is a significant barrier to the development of new treatments for cardiac repair and contributes to heart failure. The transitional period of cardiomyocyte growth is a complex and multifaceted event. In this review, we focus on studies that have investigated this critical transition period as well as novel factors that may regulate and drive this process. We also discuss the potential use of new biomarkers for the detection of myocardial infarction and, in the broader sense, cardiovascular disease.

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Plasma membrane Ca2+ pump isoform 4 function in cell migration and cancer metastasis
Authors: Naffa Randa , Hegedűs Luca , Hegedűs Tamás , Tóth Sarolta , Papp Béla , Tordai Attila , Enyedi Ágnes
Published: March 2023

The Ca2+ ion is a universal second messenger involved in many vital physiological functions including cell migration and development. To fulfil these tasks the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration is tightly controlled, and this involves an intricate functional balance between a variety of channels and pumps of the Ca2+ signalling machinery. Among these proteins, plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPases (PMCAs) represent the major high‐affinity Ca2+ extrusion systems in the cell membrane that are effective in maintaining free Ca2+ concentration at exceedingly low cytosolic levels, which is essential for normal cell function. An imbalance in Ca2+ signalling can have pathogenic consequences including cancer and metastasis. Recent studies have highlighted the role of PMCAs in cancer progression and have shown that a particular variant, PMCA4b, is downregulated in certain cancer types, causing delayed attenuation of the Ca2+ signal. It has also been shown that loss of PMCA4b leads to increased migration and metastasis of melanoma and gastric cancer cells. In contrast, an increased PMCA4 expression has been reported in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma that coincided with increased cell migration and shorter patient survival, suggesting distinct roles of PMCA4b in various tumour types and/or different stages of tumour development. The recently discovered interaction of PMCAs with basigin, an extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer, may provide further insights into our understanding of the specific roles of PMCA4b in tumour progression and cancer metastasis.

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La construcción del universo político en PODEMOS: una aproximación discursiva al aparato simbólico de la 'Nueva Política'
Authors:   CIS, Dueñas Rello Erik
Published: March 2023

La aparición del partido PODEMOS en el escenario político e institucional español sigue ofreciendo cuestiones para el análisis de un fenómeno social tan relevante. Su surgimiento tras el ciclo de protestas de las Indignadas (2011-12) marcó su hoja de ruta, estableciéndose la crisis de legitimidad de las instituciones políticas señalada por el ciclo como el eje central de su agenda, así como el principal obstáculo a superar. La utilización de Conceptos Metafóricos ha sido su principal estrategia para significarse en el espectro político post 15-M. A través de las definiciones de las fuerzas políticas -incluyéndose ellos mismos- han generado conceptos que connotan ideas relacionadas con dicha crisis de legitimidad. Su aparato discursivo ha establecido un Espacio Cualitativo Cultural, posicionando las fuerzas políticas en un doble movimiento verbal y cualitativo, conformando un universo político cargado de sus valores, ideas y creencias Mediante la recopilación y análisis de las principales definiciones que han venido utilizando, señalaré como dichos conceptos metafóricos funcionan como Símbolos de la tribu PODEMOS, a través de los cuales ordenan los materiales de su universo sensible -el universo político español-. Considero su Retórica de la Nueva Política como Mito sobre el que articulan sus símbolos, con el fin de dar coherencia a su mundo de significado y salvaguardar sus principales contradicciones: la representación institucional de una población que gritaba que nadie les representaba.
Numerical simulations of heterojunction GaN nanopillar light emitting diodes
Authors: Lisik Zbigniew , Wozny Janusz , Raj Ewa , Podgorski Jacek
Published: March 2023

The paper deals with numerical modeling of electrothermal phenomena in 3D GaN core-shell light-emitting diode (LED) structures that were developed in the frame of GECCO project.1 The simulations investigate the influence of pillar dimensions on the LED work conditions. The inherent feature of such a design is the discrepancy between the internal contact footprint current density JFP and the current density on the junction active area JAA, which, at the same contact current, decreases when the pillar is taller. The simulations indicate that the decrease of JAA results in significant changes in the LED parameters. At the same diode current, i.e., constant light emission, it leads to the voltage decrease leading to the reduction of power delivered to the diode and, consequently, to the increase of its efficiency.
Physical vapor deposition of Yb-doped Cs2AgSbBr6 films
Authors: Liu Yukun , Tran Minh N. , Cleveland Iver J. , Aydil Eray S.
Published: March 2023

Ytterbium-doped halide double perovskites of the form Cs2AgBX6 (B = Bi, Sb, In and X = Cl, Br) are being explored as potential lead-free UV/blue to near-infrared (NIR) downconversion materials. Of the various B and X combinations, Cs2AgSbBr6 has only recently been synthesized and never yet deposited as a film using vapor deposition. Here, we report the deposition of undoped and Yb-doped Cs2AgSbBr6 thin films via thermal evaporation from CsBr, AgBr, SbBr3, and YbBr3. Film composition control is difficult due to the high volatility of SbBr3. We explored various strategies, including co-evaporation and sequential deposition of layers, followed by postdeposition annealing. The formation of Cs2AgSbBr6 was confirmed with x-ray diffraction and optical absorption, although impurity phases such as Cs2AgBr3 were often present because the films easily became Sb-deficient due to volatile SbBr3 leaving the film. NIR photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 12% were achieved with this material for the first time. The optical properties and reported bandgap transitions are critically reviewed and assessed in light of new optical absorption data from thin films. The Cs2AgSbBr6 film has an indirect bandgap at 1.95 ± 0.05 eV followed by a direct transition at 2.5 ± 0.05 eV.
Retinoic Acid-Induced Regulation of Inflammatory Pathways Is a Potential Sepsis Treatment
Authors: Dolin Hallie H. , Franco Justin H. , Chen Xiaohuan , Pan Zhixing K.
Published: March 2023

Sepsis is among the most dangerous known diseases, resulting from the dysregulation of the innate immune system in a process that is characterized largely by proinflammatory cytokines. It manifests as an excessive immune response to a pathogen and often leads to life-threatening complications such as shock and multiple-organ failure.
Identification of a Novel Interferon Lambda Splice Variant in Chickens
Authors: Chen Jing , Li Peiheng , Zou Wancheng , Jiang Yuhang , Li Letian , Hao Pengfei , Gao Zihan , Qu Qiaoqiao , Pang Zhaoxia , Zhuang Xinyu , Nan Fulong , Jin Ningyi , Du Shouwen , Li Chang
Published: March 2023

Interferons (IFNs) are critical soluble factors in the immune system, and are composed of 3 types (I, II, and III) that utilize different receptor complexes (IFN-αR1/IFN-αR2, IFN-γR1/IFN-γR2, and IFN-λR1/IL-10R2, respectively). Herein, we identified IFNL from the genomic sequences of chicken and termed it chIFNL3a, located on chromosome 7 of chicken.
Soil Inoculation and Blocker-Mediated Sequencing Show Effects of the Antibacterial T6SS on Agrobacterial Tumorigenesis and Gallobiome
Authors: Wang Si-Chong , Chen Ai-Ping , Chou Shu-Jen , Kuo Chih-Horng , Lai Erh-Min
Published: March 2023

The T6SS is widespread among proteobacteria and used for interbacterial competition by agrobacteria, which are soil inhabitants and opportunistic bacterial pathogens causing crown gall disease in a wide range of plants. Current evidence indicates that the T6SS is not required for gall formation when agrobacteria are inoculated directly on plant wounding sites.
Genomic Features Predict Bacterial Life History Strategies in Soil, as Identified by Metagenomic Stable Isotope Probing
Authors: Barnett Samuel E. , Egan Rob , Foster Brian , Eloe-Fadrosh Emiley A. , Buckley Daniel H.
Published: March 2023

Soil microbes are major players in the global carbon cycle, yet we still have little understanding of how the carbon cycle operates in soil communities. A major limitation is that carbon metabolism lacks discrete functional genes that define carbon transformations.
Genome Sequence Analysis of a Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica Strain Isolated from a Septic Wound of a Hospitalized Patient in Uganda
Authors: Byarugaba Denis K. , Erima Bernard , Wokorach Godfrey , Najjuka Florence , Kiyengo James , Kwak Yoon I. , Ong Ana , Maybank Rosslyn , Preston Lan , Mills Emma , McGann Patrick , Kibuuka Hannah , Musinguzi Ambrose K. , Wabwire-Mangen Fred
Published: March 2023

We report a genome sequence of
Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica
strain MUWRP0946, isolated from a hospitalized patient in Uganda. The genome size was 2.08 million bases, and the genome completeness was 94.22%. The strain carries tetracycline, folate pathway antagonist, β-lactam, and aminoglycoside antibiotic resistance genes.
Genome Resources for the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Species Complex: 13 Tree Endophytes from the Neotropics and Paleotropics
Authors: Rehner Stephen A. , Gazis Romina , Doyle Vinson P. , Vieira Willie A. S. , Campos Philip M. , Shao Jonathan
Published: March 2023

Thirteen draft genome assemblies are presented for four
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
complex species, namely,
Colletotrichum aeschynomenes
,
Colletotrichum asianum
,
Colletotrichum fructicola
, and
Colletotrichum siamense
, which were isolated from tropical tree hosts as endophytes.
Draft Genome Sequences of Endophytic Pseudomonas Strains, Isolated from the Interior of
Brassicaceae
Plants
Authors: Kaneko Hiroki , Furuya Toshiki
Published: March 2023

Members of the genus
Pseudomonas
have often been studied as agricultural biocontrol agents to activate plant immune responses. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of six
Pseudomonas
strains that were isolated from the interior of
Brassicaceae
plants.