bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the biopsychosocial impact of hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD) and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) in an adult population: a protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Clark Natalie Louise , Johnson Melissa , Rangan Amar , Swainston Katherine , Kottam Lucksy
Published: December 2022

Background
Conditions such as hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD) and Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS), are most often diagnosed when an individual has joint flexibility beyond the normal physiological limits. Additional characteristics and symptoms include pain and fatigue with individuals also being more likely to report feelings of anxiety and depression. Due to the varied presentation of these conditions, there is a lack of understanding amongst the various healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) individuals present to, leading to delayed diagnoses and negative experiences for the individuals themselves. This scoping review therefore aims to map the known biopsychosocial impact of adults with HSD and EDS.
Methods
The scoping review will follow the six-step framework as outlined by Arskey and O’Malley and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. The search will be conducted using the following databases: AMED, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, PEDro. Full text published articles in the English language (excluding literature and systematic reviews) with adult samples (over the age of 18 years) and a diagnosis of a HSD or EDS, published between 2012 and 2022 will be included in the review.
Discussion
This review will aim to explore the existing literature for the reported biopsychosocial impact of adults with a HSD or EDS. It will also aim to further acknowledge the gaps in understanding of the condition, how the condition and the impact of the condition is being measured, as well as what HCPs are involved in supporting such individuals. These gaps will be used to inform a future systematic review. It is the overall goal to increase the knowledge of HCPs and the quality of life of adults living with a joint hypermobility condition.
Feeding hempseed cake alters the bovine gut, respiratory and reproductive microbiota
Authors: Winders Thomas , Holman Devin , Schmidt Kaycie , Luecke Sarah , Smith David , Neville Bryan , Dahlen Carl , Swanson Kendall , Amat Samat
Published: December 2022

A growing number of studies have investigated the feasibility of utilizing hemp by-products as livestock feedstuffs; however, their impact on livestock microbiomes remains unexplored. Here, we evaluated the effects of feeding hempseed cake on the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and reproductive microbiota in beef heifers. Angus-crossbred heifers (19-months old) were fed a corn-based finishing diet containing 20% hempseed cake as a substitute for 20% corn dried distillers’ grains with solubles (DM basis; Control; n = 16/group) for 111 days until slaughter. Ruminal fluid and deep nasopharyngeal swabs (days 0, 7, 42, 70 and 98), and vaginal and uterine swabs (at slaughter) were collected, and the microbiota assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Diet affected the community structure of the ruminal (d7– 98; 0.06 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.12; P < 0.05), nasopharyngeal (d 98; R2 = 0.18; P < 0.001), and vaginal (R2 = 0.06; P < 0.01) microbiota. Heifers fed hempseed cake had increased microbial diversity in the rumen, reduced microbial richness in the vagina, and greater microbial diversity and richness in the uterus. In addition to the distinct microbial communities in the rumen, nasopharynx, vagina and uterus, we identified 28 core taxa that were shared (≥ 60% of all samples) across these sampling locations. Feeding hempseed cake appeared to alter the bovine gut, respiratory and reproductive microbiota. Our findings also highlight the need for research evaluating the impact of hemp-associated food and personal care products on the human microbiome.
Data-Driven Profiles of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Using Objective and Ecological Measures of Attention, Distractibility and Hyperactivity.
Authors: Fernández-Martín Pilar , Rodríguez-Herrera Rocio , López Rosa Cánovas , Díaz-Orueta Unai , Arboleas Alma Martínez de Salazar , Cubos Pilar Flores
Published: December 2022

In the past two decades, the traditional nosology of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been criticized for having insufficient discriminant validity. As an alternative, dimensional frameworks to psychopathology pursue disentangling within-diagnostic heterogeneity and define more reliable and clinically useful nosologies. In line with this trend, in this study, we adopted a data-driven approach to ecological and objective measures of attentional control, impulsivity and hyperactivity, with the aim of identifying clinically useful profiles of ADHD. 110 Spanish-speaking participants (6–16 years) with ADHD (medication-naïve.n = 57) and typically developing (n = 53) completed AULA, a virtual-reality continuous performance test. We first examined AULA performance using DSM-5 diagnosis and found a similar performance profile between ADHD subtypes. Then, we applied hybrid hierarchical k-means clustering algorithms to AULA’s main outcome measures. A five-cluster structure was the most optimal solution. We identified two ADHD phenotypes sharing attention impairments and hyperactivity but with opposing performance profiles on processing speed (PS) and response inhibition; two groups with average and high performance; and one average-performing group with poor sustained attention and slow PS. DSM-5 subtypes cut across cluster profiles. Our findings might suggest that PS and response inhibition, but not attentional processes and gross-motor activity, are useful domains to distinguish between ADHD subpopulations and understand mechanisms underlying attentional impairments. This study highlights the poor feasibility of categorical systems to parse ADHD heterogeneity and the added value of data-driven approaches and VR-based assessments to obtain an objective and less biased characterization of cognitive functioning in individuals with and without ADHD.
Efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil for steroid reduction in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Akatani Ritsu , Chihara Norio , Koto Shusuke , Mori Sotaro , Kurimoto Takuji , Nakamura Makoto , Tachibana Hisatsugu , Otsuka Yoshihisa , Ueda Takehiro , Omori Takashi , Sekiguchi Kenji , Matsumoto Riki
Published: December 2022

Background and Objective: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that affects multiple generations. Long-term immunosuppressive treatments, especially with prednisolone, for middle-aged and older patients with NMOSD can lead to various complications. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in NMOSD relapse prevention and its safety when reducing oral prednisolone over time.
Methods: Patients with NMOSD receiving oral prednisolone were included. MMF was administrated with prednisolone dose reduction over 48 weeks. The primary endpoint was the achievement of a prednisolone dose reduction without relapse during MMF administration.
Results: Nine patients with NMOSD were enrolled, with a mean age of 56.4 years (standard deviation of 8.92). All patients were women, with a mean annualized relapse rate (ARR) of 0.72 during the last 2 years. The primary endpoint was achieved in seven patients (77.8% [95% confidence interval: 40–97%]; p < 0.0001, one-sample proportion test for exceeding the 10% threshold), whereas two patients relapsed during the treatment period. The mean ARR of all patients decreased from 0.72 to 0.22 (p < 0.05, paired t-test). Ten adverse events were reported during the observation period, all of which were mild (all Grade 1 according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events).
Conclusions: MMF is effective for NMOSD and may be a treatment option for middle-aged and older patients who may benefit from steroid reduction.
Clinical trial registration number: jRCT, jRCTs051180080. Registered Feb. 27th, 2019-retrospectively registered, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCTs051180080
Live donor nephrectomy side: Is it implicated in urologic complications among lady donors during their post-donation pregnancies?
Authors: Donia Ahmed Farouk , Elrefaie Eman , Refaie Ayman Fathi , Ghoneim Moatasem Elsayed , Osman Yasser , Ali-El-Dein Bedeir
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Our center policy is to promote right nephrectomy for pre-menopausal live donor ladies. This is based on the traditional belief that urologic complications of post-donation pregnancies would be more frequent among lady donors with a solitary right (compared to left) kidney. Studies that support or dismiss our policy are lacking. Therefore, we conducted this study.
Methods:
100 ladies who had post-donation pregnancy were included. They underwent an updated clinical, laboratory and ultrasound assessment. They were classified into two groups: right and left nephrectomy groups. Both groups were compared relative to pre- and post-donation data as well as urologic complications during or after post-donation pregnancies and current kidney function.
Results:
Right nephrectomy was carried-out for 60 donors (60%). Post-donation acute pyelonephritis was not reported in either group. Unexpectedly, lower urinary tract infection during post-donation pregnancy occurred among 16.7% of ladies of the right nephrectomy group compared to 12.5% in the left nephrectomy group (p: non-significant).
Conclusion:
Despite that the endeavor to retrieve the right rather than the left kidney among lady donors could give them the benefit of doubt in regard to possible urological complications during their subsequent pregnancies, this policy is likely an overdoing practice. Larger-scale studies are needed.
Cx43 promotes exocytosis of damaged lysosomes through actin remodelling
Authors: Domingues Neuza , Catarino Steve , Cristovao Beatriz , Rodrigues Lisa , Filomena Carvalho , Sarmento Maria Joao , Zuzarte Monica , Almeida Jani , Fernandes Fabio , Rodrigues-Santos Paulo , Santos Nuno , Korolchuk Viktor , Gonçalves Teresa , Milosevic Ira , Raimundo Nuno , Girao Henrique
Published: December 2022

A robust cellular response to lysosomal membrane damage is essential to prevent lysosomal content leakage to the cytoplasm and subsequent activation of cell death pathways. Here we report exocytosis as an important response mechanism to lysosomal damage, which is further potentiated when membrane repair or lysosomal degradation mechanisms are impaired. Our data reveal that Connexin43 (Cx43), a protein canonically associated with gap junctions, is recruited to damaged lysosomes to promote their secretion, thereby accelerating cell recovery. The exocytotic effects were found to be dependent on actin reorganization: Cx43 expression was associated with actin network remodelling, increased plasma membrane fluidity and decreased cell stiffness. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Cx43 interacts with the actin nucleator Arp2, the activity of which was shown to be necessary for Cx43-mediated actin rearrangement and lysosomal exocytosis following damage. These results identify a novel mechanism of lysosomal quality control whereby Cx43-mediated actin remodelling potentiates the secretion of damaged lysosomes.
A seven-transmembrane methyltransferase catalysing N-terminal histidine methylation of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases
Authors: Batth Tanveer , Simonsen Jonas , Hernández-Rollán Cristina , Brander Søren , Morth Jens Preben , Johansen Katja , Nørholm Morten , Hoof Jakob , Olsen Jesper
Published: December 2022

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are oxidative enzymes that help break down lignocellulose, making them highly attractive for improving biomass utilization in biotechnological purposes. The catalytically essential N-terminal histidine (His1) of LPMOs is post-translationally modified by methylation in filamentous fungi to protect them from auto-oxidative inactivation, however, the responsible methyltransferase enzyme is unknown. Using mass-spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics in combination with systematic CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screening in Aspergillus nidulans, we identified the N-terminal histidine methyltransferase (NHMT) encoded by the gene AN4663. Targeted proteomics confirmed that NHMT was solely responsible for His1 methylation of LPMOs. NHMT is predicted to encode a unique seven-transmembrane segment anchoring a soluble methyltransferase domain. Co-localization studies showed endoplasmic reticulum residence of NHMT and co-expression in the industrial production yeast Komagataella phaffii with LPMOs resulted in His1 methylation of the LPMOs. This demonstrates the biotechnological potential of recombinant production of proteins and peptides harbouring this unique post-translational modification.
The sensitivity of the zebrafish embryo coiling assay for the detection of neurotoxicity by compounds with diverse modes-of-action
Authors: von Hellfeld Rebecca , Gade Christoph , Baumann Lisa , Leist Marcel , Braunbeck Thomas
Published: December 2022

In the aim to determine neurotoxicity, new methods are being validated, including tests and test batteries comprising in vitro and in vivo approaches. Alternative test models such as the zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo have received increasing attention, with minor modifications of the fish embryo toxicity test (FET; OECD TG 236) as a tool to assess behavioral endpoints related to neurotoxicity during early developmental stages. The spontaneous tail movement assay, also known as coiling assay, assesses the development of random movement into complex behavioral patterns and has proven sensitive to acetylcholine esterase inhibitors at sublethal concentrations. The present study explored the sensitivity of the assay to neurotoxicants with other modes-of-action. Here, five compounds with diverse modes-of-action were tested at sublethal concentrations: acrylamide, carbaryl, hexachlorophene, ibuprofen, and rotenone. While carbaryl, hexachlorophene, and rotenone consistently induced severe behavioral alterations by ~30 hours post fertilization (hpf), acrylamide and ibuprofen expressed time- and/or concentration-dependent effects. At 37 - 38 hpf, additional observations revealed behavioral changes during dark phases with a strict concentration-dependency. The study documented the applicability of the coiling assay to mode-of-action-dependent behavioral alterations at sublethal concentrations, underlining its potential as a component of a neurotoxicity test battery.
Development of DHES0815A; a novel HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate comprised of a reduced potency mono-alkylating agent linked to a domain I binding HER2 antibody
Authors: Lewis Gail , Li Guangmin , Guo Jun , Yu Shang-Fan , Fields Carter , Lee Genee , Zhang Donglu , Dragovich Peter , Pillow Thomas , Wei BinQing , Sadowsky Jack , Wilson Timothy , Mamounas Michael , Lee M Violet , Saad Ola , Choeurng Voleak , Ungewickell Alexander , Monemi Shararah , Crocker Lisa , Kalinsky Kevin , Modi Shanu , Jung Kyung-Hae , Hamilton Erika , LoRusso Patricia , Krop Ian , Schutten Melissa , Commerford Renee , Sliwkowski Mark , Cho Eunpi , leipold Douglas
Published: December 2022

Approved antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) for HER2-positive breast cancer include trastuzumab emtansine and trastuzumab deruxtecan. To develop a novel HER2 ADC, we selected an antibody that does not compete with trastuzumab or pertuzumab for binding, conjugated to a reduced potency PBD (pyrrolobenzodiazepine) dimer payload. PBDs are potent cytotoxic agents that alkylate and cross-link DNA. We modified the PBD dimer to alkylate, but not cross-link DNA. This HER2 ADC, DHES0815A, demonstrated in vivo efficacy in models of HER2-positive and HER2-low cancers and was well-tolerated in cynomolgus monkey safety studies. Mechanisms of action include induction of DNA damage and apoptosis, activity in non-dividing cells, and bystander activity. A dose-escalation study in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer showed early signs of anti-tumor activity with limited toxicity. However, delayed dermal, ocular and pulmonary toxicities developed. The delayed onset, as well as non-resolvable nature of the toxicities resulted in termination of the phase 1 trial.
CAMK2D: A Novel Molecular Target for BAP1-Deficient Malignant Mesothelioma
Authors: Karnan Sivasundaram , Ota Akinobu , Murakami Hideki , Rahman Md , Wahiduzzaman Md , Hasan Muhammad , Vu Lam , Hanamura Ichiro , Inoko Akihito , Riku Miho , Ito Hideaki , Kaneko Yoshifumi , Hyodo Toshinori , Konishi Hiroyuki , Tsuzuki Shinobu , Hosokawa Yoshitaka
Published: December 2022

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare but aggressive malignancy. Although the molecular genetics of MM are known, including BRCA1-associated protein-1 (BAP1) gene alterations, the prognosis of MM patients remains poor. Here we generated BAP1 knockout (BAP1-KO) human mesothelial cell clones to develop molecular-targeted therapeutics based on genetic alterations in MM. cDNA microarray and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses revealed high expression of a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta (CAMK2D) gene in the BAP1-KO cells. CAMK2D was highly expressed in 70% of the human MM tissues (56/80) and correlated with the loss of BAP1 expression, making it a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for BAP1-deficient MM. We screened an anticancer drugs library using BAP1-KO cells and successfully identified a CaMKII inhibitor, KN-93, which displayed a more potent and selective antiproliferative effect against BAP1-deficient cells than cisplatin or pemetrexed. KN-93 significantly suppressed the tumor growth in mice xenografted with BAP1-deficient MM cells. This study is the first to provide a potential molecular-targeted therapeutic approach for BAP1-deficient MM.
Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate for diabetic patients by using Simplified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Derso Mohammed Adem , Woyesa Shiferaw Bekele , Mamo Aklilu Getachew
Published: December 2022

Back ground

Renal complicationisthe leading cause of diabetes mellitus related morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy or chronic kidney disease is related to chronic hyperglycemia eventhoughthemechanisms by which it leads to end stage renal disease are not completely elucidated.

Methods

This study was aimed to estimate chronic kidney disease (CKD) by directly measuring serum creatinine level and mathematically transforming the measured valuesinto estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and to assess risk factors associated to renal impairment indiabeticpatients. A cross-sectional study design and a consecutive sampling technique were used to include a total of 234 diabetic patients. Demographic and clinical data were collectedby using interviewer administered questionnaire. A five mililiter fasting blood specimen was analysed by fully automated Chemistry Analyzer. Renal status was assessed using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) classification .Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions, and Pearson`s correlation wereused to assess the independent predicator variables and their correlation to CKDrespectively.

Results

About 19.2% of the study subjects had a substantially reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). High blood pressure (AOR: 7.77; 95% C.I:2.95–20.46; P: 0.001), poor glycemic control (AOR: 9.52; 95% C.I: 2.23–40.63; P: 0.002), long duration of diabeticity (AOR: 3.87; 95% C.I:1.60–9.34, P: 0.003), advance in age (AOR: 5.0; 95% C.I:1.93–12.37; P: 0.001) and being female (AOR: 5.05; 95% C.I: 1.91–13.37, P: 0.001) were indepident predictor variables for reduced eGFR.

Conclusion

The prevalence of CKD was high among diabetic patients in the study area. Age advancement and the increasing prevalence of many risk factors will result in an increase of CKD prevalence in diabetic patients. Therefore, preventive intervention is very important to reduce renal impairment in diabetic patients.
Effects of projected end-of-century temperature on the muscle development of neonate epaulette sharks, Hemiscyllium ocellatum
Authors: Thomas Peyton Alexandria , Peele Emily E. , Wheeler Carolyn R. , Yopak Kara , Rummer Jodie L , Mandelman John W. , Kinsey Stephen T.
Published: December 2022

Epaulette sharks (Hemiscyllium ocellatum) inhabit shallow tropical habitats with elevated and fluctuating temperatures. Yet, according to global climate change projections, water temperatures in these habitats will rise beyond current cyclical variability, warranting further studies incorporating chronically elevated temperature exposure in this species. This study examined the differences in skeletal muscle morphological and metabolic properties in neonate epaulette sharks exposed to their current-day ambient (27°C) or projected end-of-century (31°C) habitat temperatures throughout embryonic and neonatal development. Metrics of skeletal muscle, such as muscle fiber size and density, nuclear density, and satellite cell density, were used to assess the relative contribution of hypertrophic and hyperplastic growth processes. Capillary density was measured as a proxy for peripheral oxygen supply to muscle tissue. At 31°C, sharks hatched earlier, but were similar in body size 60 days post-hatch. Muscle fiber size, nuclear density, and capillary density were similar between temperature regimes. However, fiber density was lower, satellite cell density was higher, and fibers associated with satellite cells were smaller in sharks reared at 31°C. These results suggest that elevated temperature may impair or slow satellite cell fusion to existing fibers and new fiber formation. To assess potential metabolic and developmental consequences of elevated temperatures, oxidative damage (2,4-DNPH, 8-OHdG, 4-HNE), protein degradation (Ubiquitin, LC3B, Hsp70), and muscle differentiation (Myf5, Myogenin) markers were measured. Protein carbonylation was higher at elevated temperatures, suggesting that warmer incubation temperatures at early life stages may result in oxidative damage accrual. However, protein degradation and muscle differentiation markers did not differ. These results suggest that projected end-of-century temperatures may alter muscle growth and metabolism in tropical shark species with potential consequences to shark growth and fitness.
Multiple Primary Pulmonary Meningiomas. Case report and literature review.
Authors: Rusu Stefan , Wellemans Isabelle , Remmelink Myriam , Foucart Annick , Compère Christophe
Published: December 2022

BackgroundPrimary pulmonary meningioma (PPM) is a very rare tumor, while multiple PPMs are even more exceptional and herein, we report the sixth case, focusing on the clinicopathological and radiological features of the tumor.Case presentationHerein, we report a case of an asymptomatic 51-year-old female, who presented three solid nodules in both lungs who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic middle lobectomy and wedge resection of the right upper lobe. The third lesion was followed-up and resected three years later due to its slow but significant growth, alongside two new lesions. All lesions revealed morphological and immunohistochemical profile of meningioma. Metastatic meningioma was ruled out by brain and spine magnetic resonance imaging scans.ConclusionsPPM is mostly benign and slow-growing tumor with an excellent prognosis, it does not present specific radiological characteristics and it is difficult to differentiate it from other lung tumors, surgical resection with subsequent histopathological examination being essential. A causal connection between sex hormones and meningiomas has long been debated and we hypothesize a causal connection between the PPM and her hormonal therapy with progesterone analogue.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of aminopyrimidine derivatives bearing dihydroquinoxalinone as novel EGFRL858R/T790M kinase inhibitors against non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Fu Liping , Cao Yu , Chen Jingbai , He Ruoyu , Zhao Yanmei , Zhao Yaping , Xi Jianjun , Zhuang Rangxiao , Tian Chongmei
Published: December 2022

The clinical responses to the EGFR kinase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are always followed by drug-resistance mutations, including the gatekeeper T790M mutation. Strategies targeting EGFRT790M are also limited by the toxicity due to the concurrent inhibition of wide-type (WT) EGFR. Here we employed splicing principle to design and synthesize a series of aminopyrimidine derivatives bearing dihydroquinoxalinone (8-15) as novel thirdgeneration inhibitors against double mutant L858R/T790M in EGFR. It’s worth noting that compound 10 presented remarkable inhibitory activity against EGFRL858R/T790M (IC50 = 15 ± 1.8 nM) and anti-proliferative effect against H1975 cells (IC50 = 166.43 ± 14.45 nM). Moreover, the obvious down-regulation effect of EGFR-mediated signaling pathways and the promotion of apoptosis in H1975 cells confirmed its potent efficacy. These results demonstrated that compound 10 deserves the further exploration.
Lumbar Lordosis Curve and Psoas Major Muscle Angle in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis
Authors: Ko Sangbong , Kim Hee-Chan
Published: December 2022

Background
Using axial MRI image, the psoas major muscle is known to work as an anatomical femoral head stabilizer and increases lumbar lordosis keeping the iliopsoas muscle in place at the lumbosacral region. The purpose of this study is to investigate psoas major muscle correlation with lumbar lordosis by analyzing the psoas major angle, which represents the psoas major muscle’s effect on pelvic alignment using sagittal MRI imaging.
Methods
A total of 1064 patients were included in this study. On lateral standing radiography, three pelvic parameters (sacral slope, pelvic tilt, pelvic incidence) can be measured. In the sagittal MRI imaging, the point where the psoas major muscle direction changes (the top of superior pubic ramus) was marked and the angle between the line connecting the two points and the proximal part of the psoas major muscle (Psoas major angle: PMA) was measured.
Results
The average age was 63.88 ± 13.52 (20–89) years old in total; 62.52 ± 15.24 in 426 male patients and 66.12 ± 11.72 in 638 female patients. The average age was older in female patients (p < 0.05). Using the structural equation, the correlation coefficient between PMA and SS was 0.237 (p < 0.001), between PMA and PT was 0.339 (p < 0.001), and between PMA and PI was 0.749 (p < 0.001). PMA has a statistically significant correlation in relation to PI, PT, and SS (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
PMA has a higher correlation with PT, which is related to pelvic compensation, than SS which is closely related to lumbar lordosis. It means that the psoas major muscle’s role of influencing spinopelvic alignment in the supine position is to maintain spinopelvic alignment by adjusting the pelvic tilt rather than by lumbar lordosis using the upper and lower muscle attachments.
Normal Infant Feeding Characteristics Throughout the First Month of Life
Authors: McGrattan Katlyn , Hammel Abbey , Zoeller Morgan , Klein Kristina , Delaware Elise , McCormick Jennie , Weikle Ellen , Broderick Erin , Ramel Sara , Mohr Alicia Hofelich
Published: December 2022

Objective

Elucidate normal characteristics of infant feeding performance throughout the first month of life.

Study Design

Feeding was monitored in 61 healthy infants by caregiver report for 48 hours a week from birth to four weeks old. Outcomes included feeding modality, how much they consumed, how long the feed lasted, and how many coughing episodes the infant exhibited. Data were analyzed with descriptive and non-parametric statistics.

Result

The majority of infants (68%) exhibited at least one problematic feeding behavior. Infants consumed 68 mL/feed over 20 minutes, though the milk volumes and feed durations were highly variable. Coughing occurred an average of 2 feeds per day. No significant change in coughing was observed throughout the first month of life (p = 0.64). Infants coughed significantly less during breast feeds than bottle feeds (p = 0.02).

Conclusion

Healthy term infants exhibit normal developmental imperfections in feeding performance throughout the first month of life.
Declines and pronounced state level disparities in prescription opioid distribution in the United States
Authors: Madera Joshua D. , Ruffino Amanda E. , Feliz Adriana , McCall Kenneth L. , Davis Corey S. , Piper Brian J.
Published: December 2022

The United States (US) opioid epidemic is a persistent and pervasive public health emergency that now claims the lives of over 100,000 Americans per year. There have been sustained efforts to reverse this crisis over the past decade, including a number of measures designed to decrease the use of prescription opioids for the treatment of pain. This study analyzed the changes in federal production quotas for prescription opioids and the distribution of prescription opioids for pain, and identified state-level differences between 2010 and 2019.
Data on opioid production quotas and distribution of ten prescription opioids (codeine, fentanyl, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, meperidine, methadone, morphine, oxycodone, oxymorphone, and tapentadol) for 2010 to 2019 were obtained from the Drug Enforcement Administration. Total opioid production quotas increased substantially from 2010 to 2013 before decreasing 41.5% from 2013 (87.6 morphine mg equivalent metric tons) to 2019 (51.3). The peak year for distribution of all ten prescription opioids was between 2010 and 2013, except for codeine (2015). The largest quantities of opioid distribution were observed in Tennessee (520.70 morphine mg equivalent or MME per person) and Delaware (251.45) in 2011 and 2019. There was a 52.0% overall decrease in opioid distribution per capita from 2010 to 2019, with the largest decrease in Florida (-61.6%) and smallest in Texas (-18.6%). Southern states had the highest per capita distribution for eight of the ten opioids in 2019. The highest to lowest state ratio of total opioid distribution, corrected for population, decreased from 5.25 in 2011 to 2.78 in 2019. The mean 95 th /5 th ratio was relatively consistent in 2011 (4.78 +0.70) compared to 2019 (5.64+0.98).
In conclusion, this study found a sustained decline in distribution of ten prescription opioids during the last half-decade. Distribution was non-homogeneous at the state level. Analysis of state-level differences revealed a threefold difference in the 95 th :5 th percentile ratio between states which was unchanged over the past decade. Production quotas did not correspond with the distribution, particularly in the 2010-2016 period. Future research focused on identifying factors contributing to the observed regional variability in opioid distribution could prove valuable to understanding, and potentially remediating, the pronounced disparities in prescription opioid-related harm in the US.
Intravenous Busulfan, Dimethylacetamide and neurotoxicity after high-dose pretransplant conditioning chemotherapy
Authors: Ramdial Jeremy , Nieto Yago , Andersson Borje , Chan Kok Hoe , Petitto Gabriela Sanchez , Valdez Benigno
Published: December 2022

Intravenous Busulfan-based (IV Bu-) conditioning regimens are widely used in stem cell transplant and have been demonstrated as more effective and safer than cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation. Despite its superiority concerns remain regarding toxicities, specifically, veno-occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstructive syndrome, reproductive toxicity and neurotoxicity. Some of these concerns do not relate to busulfan itself, but to its composite solvent vehicle including N,N‑dimethylacetamide (DMA). Herein, we report a case series of six patients who received high-dose IV Bu-based conditioning regimens, and who developed neurotoxicity with various neurological manifestations and outcomes, ranging from mild to fatal. This case series highlights the need for further studies to investigate the safety of IV Bu, especially in patients with an underlying organic brain disorder, who have been treated with immunoconjugates with a potential for central neurotoxicity, or who have received therapeutic brain irradiation.
Leveraging primate-specific genomic information for genetic studies of complex diseases
Authors: Wei Wenhua , Guo Hui
Published: December 2022

Genomic changes specific to higher primates are regarded as primate-specific genomic information (PSI). Using PSI to inform genetic studies is highly desirable but hampered by three factors: heterogeneity among PSI studies, lack of integrated profiles of the identified PSI elements and dearth of relevant functional information. We report a database of 19,767 PSI elements collated from nine types of brain-related studies, which form 19,473 non-overlapping PSI regions that distribute unevenly but jointly cover only 0.81% of the genome. About 2.5% of the PSI regions colocalized with variants identified in genome-wide association studies, with disease loci more likely colocalized than quantitative trait loci (p = 1.6⋅10− 5), particularly in regions without obvious regulatory roles. We further showed an LRP4 exemplar region with PSI elements orchestrated with common and rare disease variants and other functional elements. Our results render PSI elements as a valuable source to inform genetic studies of complex diseases.
Nursing students’ simulated home-visit learning experiences-A Qualitative research
Authors: Um Youn-Joo
Published: December 2022

Object

The aim of this study was to explore the learning experiences of student nurses’ simulation-based community visit and understand these experiences in detail.

Method

This study followed Colazzi’s phenomenological research method. Nineteen participants were divided into three teams and participated in focus group interviews. The research question was as follows: “How was your experience with the simulated home-visit nursing?”

Results

The study results uncovered four essential themes: “burden of community nursing simulation-based learning,” “solving the problems faced by patients with dementia through teamwork,” “home-visiting nursing skills learned through physical practice,” and “community nursing competency growth.”

Conclusion

The study results provide a basis for developing a community nursing curriculum with effective evaluation and management of community home-visiting nursing education using simulation.
Investigation of the acoustic emission and fractal characteristics of coal with varying water contents during uniaxial compression failure
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Wang Enyuan , Li Zhonghui , Khan Naseer Muhammad , Sabri Moanad Muayad Sabri , Ullah Barkat
Published: December 2022

To investigate the effect of water on the mechanical properties and acoustic emission (AE) characteristics of coal in the failure and deformation processes. A uniaxial compressive test with the aid AE monitoring was conducted on coal samples. The characteristics of the AE signals were further analyzed using fractal analysis. The results show that saturated coal samples have substantially reduced mechanical properties such as uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), dissipation energy, peak stress, and elastic modulus. The stress-strain curve demonstrated distinct stage characteristics under loading, and also the response AE signals of natural and saturated coal samples were consistent throughout. A novel Grassberger Procaccia (GP) algorithm was utilized for the first time to find the AE fractal characteristics of coal samples in different stages using phase-space theory. The results indicate that AE energy's first and second phases have no fractal properties. In contrast, the third stage has evident fractal characteristics. In the fourth stage, there is a rapid decline in the fractal dimension, followed by a gradual decrease or increase in the fifth stage. In stable crack propagation stages, the AE shows evident fractal characteristics, indicating that coal is stable. During the accelerated crack propagation stage, the correlation dimension decreases rapidly, continues to decline further, and begins to increase again in the fifth stage. Consequently, the coal begins to collapse, potentially resulting in a coal disaster and dynamic failure. It is, therefore, possible to accurately predict coal and rock dynamic failures by observing the subsequent change in the fractal dimension of the AE signals in response to different stages of loading.
ncDENSE: a novel computational method based on a deep learning framework for non-coding RNAs family prediction
Authors: Chen Kai , Zhu Xiaodong , Hao Lei , Wang Jiahao , Liu Zhen , Liu Yuanning
Published: December 2022

Background: Although research on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is a hot topic in life sciences, the functions of numerous ncRNAs remain unclear. In recent years,researchers have found that ncRNAs of the same family have similar functions,therefore, it is important to accurately predict ncRNAs families to identify their functions. There are several methods available to solve the prediction problem of ncRNAs family, whose main ideas can be divided into two categories, including prediction based on the secondary structure features of ncRNAs, and prediction according to sequence features of ncRNAs. The first type of prediction method requires a complicated process and has a low accuracy in obtaining the secondary structure of ncRNAs, while the second type of method has a simple prediction process and a high accuracy, but there is still room for improvement. The existing methods for ncRNAs family prediction are associated with problems such ascomplicated prediction processes and low accuracy, in this regard, it is necessary to propose a new method to predict the ncRNAs family more perfectly.
Results: A deep learning model-based method, ncDENSE, was proposed in this study, which predicted ncRNAs families by extracting ncRNAs sequence features.The bases in ncRNAs sequences were encoded by one-hot coding and later fed into an ensemble deep learning model, which contained the dynamic bi-directional gated recurrent unit (Bi-GRU), the dense convolutional network(DenseNet), and the Attention Mechanism (AM). To be specific, dynamic Bi-GRU was used to extract contextual feature information and capture long-term dependencies of ncRNAs sequences. AM was employed to assign different weights to features extracted by Bi-GRU and focused the attention on information with greater weights. Whereas DenseNet was adopted to extract local feature information of ncRNAs sequences and classify them by the full connection layer. According to our results, the ncDENSE method improved the Accuracy, Sensitivity, Precision, F-score, and MCC by 2.08%, 2.33%, 2.14%,2.16%, and 2.39%, respectively, compared with the suboptimal method.
Conclusions: Overall, the ncDENSE method proposed in this paper extracts sequence features of ncRNAs by dynamic Bi-GRU and DenseNet and improves the accuracy in predicting ncRNAs family and other data .
Determinants and Economic Consequences of Self Reported Illness Among Indian Construction Workers – A Multicentre Study
Authors: Soundararajan Soundarya , Viramgami Ankit , Sheth Ankit , Beerappa Ravichandran , Kalahasthi Ravibabu , Sampathraju Raghavan , Venugopal Dhananjayan , Sarkar Kamalesh , Balachandar Rakesh
Published: December 2022

Background
Construction workers have health hazards inherent to the nature of work and at further risk for poverty due to poor living conditions. We investigated perceived illness among workers and family members in the past year and the economic consequences of morbidities in terms of Catastrophic Health Expenditure (CHE).
Methods
In this cross-sectional multicenter study, we recruited construction workers of both sexes from construction sites of two Indian cities. We collected details on illnesses requiring a healthcare visit in the past year, expenditure and related details.
Results
Of 1263 participants recruited, data on illness during the past year were reported by 1110 participants; 37% (n = 302) reported illness among themselves or family members requiring a healthcare visit. We constructed a regression model to ascertain demographic and living condition determinants of illness (R^2 = 54%, p < 0.001). We observed kitchen in the living space (OR = 1.87), and using unhygienic smoky cooking fuels (OR = 1.87) were associated with an increased likelihood of reporting illness. More than a quarter of those who reported illness incurred CHE. Both CHE incurred and non-incurred groups displayed similar trends of health-seeking behaviors.
Conclusion
We conclude that both prevalence of self reported illness and CHE were relatively high, especially among the migratory group. Our results demonstrate that poor living conditions add to the burden of morbidity in construction workers and families. Providing medical coverage for this population vulnerable to economic hardships, engaging and educating about affordable healthcare are important future steps to prevent further economic consequences.
Development and Validation of 105 SNP Markers in Chionodraco rastrospinosus
Authors: Yu Yewei , Wang Congcong , Liu Yang , Zhu Guoping
Published: December 2022

Ocellated icefish (Chionodraco rastrospinosus, C. rastrospinosu), is played an essential role in the Antarctic food web, which is mainly distributed in the deep waters of the Southern Ocean. The abundance of this species has been drastically reduced due to various impacts, including overfishing and climate change. Therefore, in order to sustainably exploit and protect this species, it is urgent to understand the state of its population resources. However, the population genetics and effective molecular markers of this species have not been reported. In this study, 105 novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were developed using double digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-Seq). The observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) ranged from 0 to 1 and 0.2188 to 0.5, respectively. The polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.194824 to 0.375. After Bonferroni correction, none of the loci deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p ＞0.05). The development of these SNP markers will be useful for the genetic analysis and scientific management of C. rastrospinosus.
Effect of deep gray matter atrophy on information processing speed in early relapsing- remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: Naghavi Saba , Ashtari Fereshteh , Adibi Iman , Shaygannejad Vahid , Ramezani Neda , Pourmohammadi Ahmad , Davanian Fariba , Karimi Zahra , Khaligh-Razavi Seyed-Mahdi , Sanayei Mehdi
Published: December 2022

Background. Cognitive dysfunction, including Information processing speed (IPS), is relatively common in multiple sclerosis(MS). IPS deficits have profound effects on several aspects of patients’ life. Previous studies showed that deep gray matter atrophy is highly correlated with overall cognitive impairment in MS. However, the effect of deep gray matter atrophy on IPS deficits is not well understood. In this study, we evaluated the effects of deep gray matter volume changes on IPS in early relapse-remitting MS (RRMS) patients compared to healthy control.
Methods. In this case-control study, we enrolled 63 RRMS patients and 36 healthy controls. All patients were diagnosed within 6 years. IPS was evaluated using the Integrated Cognitive Assessment (ICA) test. We also performed a 1.5T MRI to evaluate deep gray matter structures.
Results. RRMS patients had lower accuracy in the ICA test (p = .01). However, the reaction time did not significantly differ between RRMS and control groups (p = .6). Thalamus volume was significantly lower in the RRMS group with impaired IPS compared to the RRMS with normal IPS and control groups (p < 10-4). Other deep gray matter structures were not significantly different between the RRMS with impaired IPS group and the RRMS with normal IPS group.
Conclusion. MS patients are impaired in IPS even in the early stages of the disease. Thalamic atrophy affected IPS in these patients, however atrophy in other deep gray matter structures, including caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, hippocampus, amygdala, accumbens, and cerebellum, were not significantly correlated with IPS impairment in early RRMS.
Changes in maternal heart rate in delayed post-partum preeclampsia
Authors: Ravid Dorit , Ovadia Michal , Asali Aula , Nisim Shlomo , Gershnabel Sivan Farladansky , Biron-Shental Tal , Weitzner Omer
Published: December 2022

Background
To investigate the difference of maternal heart rate in women with delayed onset postpartum preeclampsia as compared to healthy controls.
Methods
The medical files of all women who were readmitted with delayed onset postpartum preeclampsia during 2014–2020 were reviewed. Data on maternal physiological characteristics were compared to healthy control group of women at the same post-partum day, with uncomplicated pregnancies.
Results
Included 45 women with the diagnosis of delayed onset of preeclampsia at 6.3 ± 2.86 post-partum day. As compared to controls (n = 49), women with delayed post-partum were older, 34.6 ± 5.4 vs. 32.3 ± 4.7 years, p = 0.003. There were no differences between groups regarding maternal gravidity, parity, BMI (kg/m2) or Hb level at delivery day. Women with delayed post-partum preeclampsia had lower mean pulse rate as compared to controls, 58 ± 15 bpm vs. 83 ± 11.6 bpm, respectively, P < 0.0001. Only 17% of the women in the delayed onset group had pulse rate above 70 bpm as compared to 83% in the control group.
Conclusions
Maternal low heart rate in cases with delayed onset of post-partum preeclampsia is an important clinical characteristic that may reflect baroreceptors response to maternal hypertension.
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase, an antibody diversification enzyme, interacts with chromatin modifier UBN1 in B-cells
Authors: Jaiswal Ankit , Roy Rajarshi , Tamarkar Anubhav , Singh Amit Kumar , Kar Parimal , Kodgire Prashant
Published: December 2022

Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is the key mediator of antibody diversification in activated B-cells by the process of somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR). Targeting of AID to the Ig genes requires transcription (initiation and elongation), and enhancers as well as its interaction with numerous factors. Furthermore, the HIRA chaperone complex, a regulator of chromatin architecture, is indispensable for SHM. The HIRA chaperone complex consists of UBN1, ASF1a, HIRA, and CABIN1 that deposit H3.3 onto the DNA, which is a hallmark of SHM. We explored whether UBN1 interacts with AID using computational as well as in-vitro experiments. Interestingly, our in-silico studies, such as molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation results, predict that AID interacts with UBN1. Subsequent co-immunoprecipitation experiments established interactions between UBN1 and AID inside B-cells. Additionally, a double immunofluorescence assay confirmed that AID and UBN1 were co-localized in the human as well as chicken B-cell lines. Moreover, proximity ligation assay studies validated that AID interacts with UBN1. Ours is the first report on the interaction of genome mutator enzyme AID with UBN1. Nevertheless, the fate of interaction between UBN1 and AID is yet to be explored in the context of SHM or CSR.