bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Counter-Narrative of Shi'ism in The Hadith Text of Kitab “Al-Faraid Al-Saniyah” KH. Sya'roni Ahmadi Kudus
Authors: Friyadi Arif
Published: June 2023

The beginning of the emergence of Shi'ism initiated by a Jew, Abdullah bin Saba' had made considerable conflict among the companions at that time. The friction tapered when the killing of Ali bin Abi Talib and his son Husain in Karbala'. From year to year, the emergence of Shi'ism in several Middle Eastern countries led to the country's disintegration. The conflict of Imamiyah that leads to bloodshed seems to have no end at all times. Of course, this should not happen in Indonesia, which is known as a plural country. Of this problem, some scholars are called to write a book to counter Shi'aism in Indonesia. One is KH Sya'roni Ahmadi, with the text 'al-Faraid al-Saniyah.' This paper aims to explore KH. Sya'roni Ahmadi's thoughts on preventing the development of the Shi'a sect in Indonesia. This paper is categorized as qualitative research by comparing literature and interviews with the family of the book's author directly. The results showed that KH Sya'roni's role in increasing the existence of Aswaja in Indonesia needs to be appreciated. This is a form of his vocation to protect the country from disintegration and sect divisions.
Local Cultural Wisdom of Natural Disaster-Prone Communities in Probolinggo, Indonesia (Socio-Religious Perspective)
Authors: Rafii Aminkun Imam , Sarmini Sarmini , Prasetya Sukma Perdana , Chanthoeurn Dock
Published: June 2023

Values education can be realized by re-empowering existing local wisdom in accelerating the handling of disaster mitigation in Probolinggo Regency. This study explores local cultural knowledge from a religious perspective as a form of community adaptation to natural disasters in the Probilonggo area. This research is descriptive qualitative research using analytical techniques from Miles Huberman. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation of data sources, namely BPBD East Java Province, BPBD Probolinggo Regency and community leaders who are in the Mount Bromo disaster-prone area, Probolinggo Regency, and other parties related to the research focus. The results of data analysis concluded that the local cultural wisdom of the Tengger people relies on religion and beliefs such as the wingsuit, shamans, and several religious ceremonies such as Kasada, Karo, Unan-Unan, Kapat, Kawulu, Kasanga, Sengkolo contain some positive values in overcoming disasters and maintaining a harmonious relationship between God, humans, and the natural environment. The people of Tengger still uphold the importance of local cultural wisdom in overcoming disasters through the philosophy of "anti-pancetta." The findings of this research in the form of cultural values of local cultural knowledge can be input for local governments to make policies in disaster mitigation management in the Tengger area.
Legal Ramifications of a Private Lease Scheme Property Sale by Malaysian Developers
Authors: Abu Bakar Noraziah , Azmi Ruzita , Sufian Azlinor , Saripan Hartini
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to evaluate the legal ramifications of a private lease scheme to the purchasers. Instead of transferring ownership of the property, the developer transfers a 99-year-old lease in a PLS. Upon expiry the lease, the purchasers are obliged to pay a price in return for the renewal of the lease or the property shall be reverted to the registered proprietor. Consequently, the purchasers were misled to believe that in return of the full payment, they will be transferred with ownership of the property. In the existing legal framework, the developers must transfer ownership of property to the purchasers.
Effect of INTQUAL and Employees’ Relation towards Muslim Friendly Hotels
Authors: Islam Nik Izzul , Hamid Rasidah , Azman Ong Mohd Hanafi , Habib Md. Mamun
Published: June 2023

The increasing demand for Muslim-friendly products and services has led hoteliers in Malaysia to provide more Muslim-friendly hotel (M.F.H.s) services to fulfill Muslim tourists' needs. However, previous studies have shown that there is still a lack of conformity between M.F.H.s and their guests, which harms M.F.H.s' service performance. It is essential to expand the discussion on improving service performance in M.F.H.s. The information about 390 MFH employees in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor was collected quantitatively, and structural equation modeling and partial least squares analysis were used to look at the information.
An Assessment of Petronas Eid Ads in the Context of Modernization and Tradition in Malay Society
Authors: Md Isa Noor Shamsarini , Kamaruddin Norfadilah , Hairul Anuar Inda Murni , Nuningtyas Rinda
Published: June 2023

Modernity has penetrated practically every facet of life, making it impossible for society members to escape. Moreover, in the former western colonized region, the enlightenment era's western worldview is inevitable. Accordingly, Pre-modern Malay societies are crushed and forced to adapt. Within this understanding, this study used Anthony Giddens' concept of time, place, risk, and trust to examine the Malay society's modernity within existing Petronas Eid ads. The findings showed that Malay culture is strongly influenced by modernity, however, it demonstrated the resistance to modernization at some extend by preserving its heritage and Islamic beliefs in all aspects.
Fiqh Frameworks of Dharar (Harm) Principle in Landuse based on Kitab al-I’lan Bi Ahkam Al- Bunyan
Authors: Syed Abdullah Sharifah Fadylawaty , Muhamad Mohd Dani , Ishak Amal Hayati
Published: June 2023

Fiqh is essential in addressing issues related to the built environment, such as land. This study aims to develop fiqh frameworks of land use. In this particular piece of work, content analysis on Kitab al-I’lan Bi Ahkam Al-Bunyan was employed. According to the findings, the fiqh frameworks have three (3) primary components. These components are as follows: 1) Legal development, 2) Illegal constructions or plants and 3) Reclamation of land (Istihqaq). The frameworks would benefit the local authorities, planners, and society to manage land better.
Unlocking the Power of Creative Thinking: A bibliometric analysis of the 21st Century
Authors: Ibrahim Siti Fairuz , Jamiat Nurullizam , Chuang Chen
Published: June 2023

This study presents a bibliometric analysis of the creative thinking publication from the Scopus database from 2011-2021. This study reports the results using standard bibliometric indicators: (1) the current state of publication of creative thinking, (2) topic areas in creative thinking, (3) keyword analysis, (4) most productive authors, and (5) geographical contribution of publication. The researchers used VOSviewer, a programme for building and displaying bibliometric networks, which they obtained via the Scopus database and Harzing's Publish-or-Perish analysis to carry out this study. The results provide insightful information on the current level of creative thinking, including existing trends and changes.
A Visual Interpretation of the Haram Prohibition on Smoking and Vaping (1995 & 2015 Fatwa)
Authors: Abd Hamid Zahir Alauddin , Mohamed Ghazali Nabila Aimi , Wirasari Ira
Published: June 2023

Through creative photography, this paper investigates the effectiveness of implementing visual alteration techniques and their potential to justify and convey the term Haram of smoking cigarettes and e-cigarettes, as mentioned in fatwas between 1995 and 2015. It demonstrates how creativity can be ingrained by incorporating the alteration technique in photography and bringing numerous perspectives and directions to the viewers. The study will describe the ethical considerations involved in employing the manipulation method in photography and will also look at its preconditions and outcomes. Making anti-smoking commercials that stress that smoking and vaping are forbidden in Islam might assist.
Engineers’ Responses to Intention to Quit: Insights from Entrepreneurial Orientation Theory
Authors: Osman Idris , Kassim Suhailah , Othman Mohd Zailani , Yuliawan Rahmat
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to analyse the impact of individual entrepreneurial orientations (IEO) on engineers' intention to quit (ITQ) from the perspectives of entrepreneurial orientation theory. The research model and hypotheses were validated using PLS-SEM analysis. The results indicate that the higher the innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking, and competitive aggressiveness, the lower the likelihood of engineers experiencing ITQ in their current jobs. This study expands the IEO components in predicting engineers' ITQ. It highlights the need for further research and understanding of the roles of IEO, and behavioural expectations of engineers to address talent shortages in the competitive labour market for engineers.
Essays by ESL Learners: Interactional Metadiscourse (MD) Analysis
Authors: Mat Zali Masliza , Mohd Razlan Razifa , Raja Baniamin Raja Mariam , Ana
Published: June 2023

This study highlights how critical MD should be used in ESL writing. Based on Hyland's metadiscourse (MD) table (2005), this study examined interactional MD markers in 40 expository essays written by ESL students taking different courses. The study sought to determine whether learners in separate course groups differed in their choice of MD and whether both groups used the exact amount and type. The quantity and variety of materials employed by the two groups varied to some extent. While hard science students were quite aggressive in their writing, soft science students created more MD traits and were more interpretative.
Utilise Screen Printing to Express the Facial Gestures of Extended Sorrow
Authors: Syaiffulhisham Siti Farzana , Sabri Nik Syahida , WMD Wan Samiati Andriana , M.Hum Yulriawan Dafri
Published: June 2023

This project intended to utilise the screen printing medium to depict the facial gesture of extended sorrow. The process of making this artwork began with the subject, which involved the Analysis of related artworks with the methodology of Feldman theory, followed by the visual data collection, which supported the creation of artwork that expressed the facial gestures of extended sorrow through an in-depth screen printing process. This project contributed potential artistic work that expressed the idea within the media and developed a specific four-color separation technique that utilised the medium into a realistic photo style in contemporary printmaking.
Assessing Writing Abilities using AI-Powered Writing Evaluations
Authors: Abdul Rahman Nurul Ajleaa , Zulkornain Luqmanul Hakim , Che Mat Azman , Kustati Martin
Published: June 2023

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of AI software, Automated Writing Evaluation (AWE), in identifying grammatical errors and increasing writing abilities among Malaysian public university students, as well as their perspectives on AI software in enhancing writing skills. The outcomes of this study reveal that students have good attitudes toward the implementation of AWE. The findings have implications for using artificial intelligence (AI) software (AWE) in ESL writing classes. Moreover, future scholars are anticipated to do similar research to increase the effect and relevance of this work.
Identifying Risk Factors Associated With Lower Back Pain in Electronic Medical Record Free Text: Deep Learning Approach Using Clinical Note Annotations
Authors: Jaiswal Aman , Katz Alan , Nesca Marcello , Milios Evangelos
Published: June 2023

Background

Lower back pain is a common weakening condition that affects a large population. It is a leading cause of disability and lost productivity, and the associated medical costs and lost wages place a substantial burden on individuals and society. Recent advances in artificial intelligence and natural language processing have opened new opportunities for the identification and management of risk factors for lower back pain. In this paper, we propose and train a deep learning model on a data set of clinical notes that have been annotated with relevant risk factors, and we evaluate the model’s performance in identifying risk factors in new clinical notes.

Objective

The primary objective is to develop a novel deep learning approach to detect risk factors for underlying disease in patients presenting with lower back pain in clinical encounter notes. The secondary objective is to propose solutions to potential challenges of using deep learning and natural language processing techniques for identifying risk factors in electronic medical record free text and make practical recommendations for future research in this area.

Methods

We manually annotated clinical notes for the presence of six risk factors for severe underlying disease in patients presenting with lower back pain. Data were highly imbalanced, with only 12% (n=296) of the annotated notes having at least one risk factor. To address imbalanced data, a combination of semantic textual similarity and regular expressions was used to further capture notes for annotation. Further analysis was conducted to study the impact of downsampling, binary formulation of multi-label classification, and unsupervised pretraining on classification performance.

Results

Of 2749 labeled clinical notes, 347 exhibited at least one risk factor, while 2402 exhibited none. The initial analysis shows that downsampling the training set to equalize the ratio of clinical notes with and without risk factors improved the macro–area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) by 2%. The Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) model improved the macro-AUROC by 15% over the traditional machine learning baseline. In experiment 2, the proposed BERT–convolutional neural network (CNN) model for longer texts improved (4% macro-AUROC) over the BERT baseline, and the multitask models are more stable for minority classes. In experiment 3, domain adaptation of BERTCNN using masked language modeling improved the macro-AUROC by 2%.

Conclusions

Primary care clinical notes are likely to require manipulation to perform meaningful free-text analysis. The application of BERT models for multi-label classification on downsampled annotated clinical notes is useful in detecting risk factors suggesting an indication for imaging for patients with lower back pain.
Gender characteristics of health-related quality of life indicators in children with high normal blood pressure and primary hypertension
Authors: Marushko Yu.V. , Hyshchak T.V. , Marushko T.V. , Kostinska N.G. , Khomych O.V.
Published: June 2023

Background. The study of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has great practical importance for patients with hypertension. The aim of the work was to investigate the gender characteristics of HRQoL in children with primary hypertension and high normal blood pressure. Material and methods. One hundred and ninety-nine patients (107 boys and 92 girls) aged 9–17 years were examined. Among them, 81 children had high normal blood pressure, 44 were with stage 1 hypertension, 38 patients had hypertension stage 1 аnd 36 children had normal blood pressure. All patients underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. The Ukrainian version of the PedsQL 4.0 scale was used to assess HRQoL. Results. In girls with high normal blood pressure and in the initial stages of the stable hypertension, a higher frequency of complaints of headache, dizziness, heart pain was found compared to boys, as well as a moderate and significant negative correlation between the frequency of these complaints and HRQoL indicators. The lowest PedsQL indicators were in girls with hypertension stage 2 (total score of the PedsQL 4.0 scale was 67.41 ± 9.94 points). Boys with hypertension stage 2 had normal PedsQL scores. Regardless of gender, psychosocial health indicators were found to be low in children with high normal blood pressure compared to the control group: in girls — 70.68 ± 12.46 points (р < 0.05), in boys — 70.23 ± 13.09 points (p < 0.05). The indicators of social functioning in all children did not differ from the data of the control group. Conclusions. HRQoL indicators in children aged 9–17 years with hypertension and high normal blood pressure depend on the level of blood pressure and have gender characteristics. Girls with hypertension stage 2, except for social functioning data, have worse HRQoL indicators compared to boys with stable hypertension stage 2. Children with high normal blood pressure, regardless of gender, have lower psychosocial health indicators compared to the control group. HRQoL indicators are negatively correlated with complaints of headache (more pronounced in boys), dizziness and heart pain (more pronounced in girls). These data should be taken into account when assessing the state of children with high normal blood pressure and hypertension.
Analysis of clinical and paraclinical findings in children with community-acquired pneumonia and comorbid chronic tonsillitis
Authors: Teslitskyi O. , Koloskova O. , Bilous T. , Bilyk G. , Khodorovskyy V. , Shchudrova T.
Published: June 2023

Background. Respiratory morbidity is the most frequent cause for children consulting a doctor, accounting for about one-quarter of primary care consultations. The current research aimed to analyze the clinical and paraclinical features of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) with comorbid chronic tonsillitis in children and to assess the prognostic value of the proposed diagnostic procedures to optimize the management of patients. Materials and methods. The study was conducted at the Pulmonology and Allergology and Infectious Department of the Municipal Medical Establishment “Chernivtsi Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital”, Ukraine. Clinical group I included 20 children (mean age 9.40 ± 1.56 years) with uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia and concomitant chronic tonsillitis, and the clinical group II consisted of 16 patients (mean age 9.60 ± 1.13 years) with CAP without concomitant pathology of the upper respiratory tract. Results. Community-acquired pneumonia in children with comorbid chronic tonsillitis is characterized by an intense proinflammatory response in the airways, which manifests itself in fever (odds ratio (OR) 6.0), malaise and fatigue (OR 14.3), persistent cough and dyspnea (OR 3.7), leukocytosis (OR 2.0), high levels of acute phase proteins (OR 4.5), activation of the oxidative protein modification according to the exhaled breath condensate examination (OR 6.0–30.0), and more frequent fungal-bacterial association according to the microbiological examination of sputum and oropharyngeal swab (OR 11.1). The obtained data suggest that parenteral antibiotic therapy was used in 20 % of patients from group I and 12.5 % from group II, while 6.3 % of children from group II received only oral antibiotics. In children with CAP and chronic tonsillitis versus comparison group, the ОR of receiving parenteral antibiotic therapy for longer than 7 days reached 10.0, and the OR of oral antibiotic therapy for longer than 5 days reached 4.0. Conclusions. The results obtained from the study show that children with CAP and comorbid chronic tonsillitis have more pronounced clinical symptoms, accompanied by paraclinical signs of inflammation that last longer during hospital treatment and require comprehensive therapy (OR 3.3) of longer duration (OR 4.0–10.0).
Роль вітаміну D при метаболічно нездоровому ожирінні в дітей
Authors: Abaturov A. , Nikulina A.
Published: June 2023

Актуальність. Дефіцит вітаміну D пов’язаний із порушенням толерантності до глюкози, інсулінорезистентністю, метаболічним синдромом і підвищеним ризиком цукрового діабету 2-го типу. Мета: вивчити роль рівня вітаміну D, пов’язаного з однонуклеотидними варіантами (single nucleotide variants — SNV) гена рецептора вітаміну D (vitamin D receptor — VDR), у розвитку метаболічно нездорового ожиріння (МНО) у дітей. Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 210 дітей з ожирінням віком 6–18 років. Основну групу (n = 125) становили пациєнти з МНО. Контрольну групу (n = 85) представили діти з метаболічно здоровим ожирінням (МЗО). У рандомізовано обраних 31 дитини основної та 21 дитини контрольної груп проведено повногеномне секвенування (CeGaТ, Germany). В усіх дітей вимірювали рівень сироваткового 25-гідроксивітаміну D (Synevo, Ukraine). Для верифікації результатів розраховували коефіцієнт кореляції Спірмена (r) і p-значення для кожної змінної, а також проводили біоінформаційний аналіз. Результати. Середній рівень 25-гідроксивітаміну D у сироватці крові був вірогідно нижчим у пацієнтів із МНО і становив 14,57 ± 1,63 нг/мл, а в дітей із МЗО — 28,82 ± 1,93 нг/мл (t = 5,64; p = 0,00061). При МНО рівень 25-гідроксивітаміну D у сироватці пов’язаний з наступними предикторами (p < 0,05). Високозначущі фактори (0,7 ≤ |r| < 1): остеопенія (r = –0,73). Фактори середньої значущості (0,3 ≤ |r| < 0,7): пролактинемія (r = –0,57); індекс співвідношення окружності талії до зросту > 0,5 (r = –0,41); AA генотип SNP VDR rs12721365 (r = –0,41) та AA генотип SNP VDR rs2228572 (r = –0,39); метаболічно-асоційована жирова хвороба печінки (r = –0,39); фізіологічна постпрандіальна глікемія (r = 0,38); рівень інтерлейкіну-1β (r = –0,36); тригліцеридемія (r = –0,34); індекс маси тіла (r = –0,33); адипонектинемія (r = 0,32); артеріальна діастолічна гіпертензія (r = –0,32). Низькозначущі фактори (0 < |r| < 0,3): синдром полікістозних яєчників (r = –0,28); GG генотип SNP VDR rs2228570 (r = 0,27); окружність талії (r = –0,27); екстремальне ожиріння (r = –0,27); чоловіча стать (r = 0,26); окружність стегон (r = –0,24); рівні ліпопротеїнів високої щільності (r = 0,24); гамма-глутамілтранспептидази сироватки (r = –0,23); вільного тироксину (r = 0,22); тиреотропного гормону (r = –0,22); вільного трийодтироніну (r = 0,2). Висновки. Розвиток кардіометаболічного ризику та дефіциту вітаміну D у дітей із ожирінням пов’язують із наявністю генотипів AA/AG SNV VDR rs12721365, rs2228572, rs2228570.
Clinical and mathematical prediction of the physiotherapy results in adolescents with primary hypertension training on a stationary bike
Authors: Ivanko O.H. , Patsera M.V. , Tovma A.V.
Published: June 2023

Background. The aim of the research is to clarify the indications for physical rehabilitation of adolescents with primary hypertension based on the individual clinical and mathematical prediction of long-term treatment outcomes. Materials and methods. There were observed 82 adolescents, 44 boys and 38 girls, aged 17.10 ± 0.05 years with a newly diagnosed primary hypertension. Physical rehabilitation for 7 months in the form of exercises on a stationary bike was prescribed to 44 patients who formed the main group. The rest of 38 adolescents who did not complete the stationary bike course and adhered to the recommendations for a healthy lifestyle formed the control group. Results. According to the ROC analysis, predictors of an adverse outcome of an attempt at physical rehabilitation were as follows: the average systolic blood pressure above 130 mm Hg at the start of a program, pulse rate variability index pNN50 of more than 16.6 % and body mass index above 25 kg/m2. Also, for the development of stable hypertension and an increase in the left ventricular posterior wall thickness in diastole above 8.0 mm, the average heart rate at night more than 68 bpm according to the Holter monitoring and the daily pulse pressure for 24-h monitoring more than 57 mm Hg were unfavorable. Conclusions. Аdolescents with primary hypertension should train at stationary bike in conditions of waiting for an effect of treatment. If an unfavorable course of the disease is predicted, physical rehabilitation must be combined with drug treatment.
Comparative study of the analgesic and anti-stress effect of inhalation anesthesia in children with cancer and trauma pathology during surgical treatment
Authors: Snisar V.I. , Myronov D.V.
Published: June 2023

Background. Adequate anesthesia is of great importance for patient safety, it reduces stress reactions to surgery and trauma. The perfection of modern anesthesia allows performing complex operations in different age periods in patients at high surgical and anesthetic risk. To limit the activation of neuroendocrine, inflammatory and immune reactions during surgery, new methods of anesthesia are constantly being searched for, different inhalation and non-inhalation drugs for anesthesia are compared in order to find an ideal “stress-free” anesthetic. Currently, during cancer surgeries, sevoflurane is widely used, but there are few studies showing efficiency of this inhalation anesthetic in children during surgical treatment of tumors and its effect on operative trauma and the reaction of the child’s body to stress. The purpose of our research is to study the extent to which sevoflurane limits the activation of neurovegetative, inflammatory, and immune responses in children during cancer surgery. Materials and methods. Twenty-seven children (first group) aged from 1 to 17 years (6.04 ± 5.84 years), who came for surgical treatment of cancer, were examined. To compare the studied indicators, 23 children (second group) aged from 2 to 17 years (10.68 ± 4.21 years) were additionally examined, they were scheduled for surgical treatment of trauma pathology. Results. Evaluation of the adequacy of sevoflurane anesthesia during operations in cancer and trauma patients showed that most hemodynamic parameters had similar changes at all stages, which is typical for this type of anesthesia. We studied changes in C-reactive protein and circulating cytokines before and after anesthesia with sevoflurane in children with cancer and trauma pathology. C-reactive protein level increased 4 times, but initially its level was 2–2.5 times higher in cancer patients. Similar dynamics was demonstrated with pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor). By the end of surgical intervention, a significant increase of cortisol was noted; however, in the children of the second group, the level of this hormone increased more compared with cancer patients. All spectral indicators of heart rate variability, which testified to the tension of the autonomic nervous system, had a significant difference between the groups. Conclusions. During inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane, the profile of stress response in children with cancer differs from that in patients with trauma pathology.
The role of microRNA in the development of liver diseases. Part 1
Authors: Abaturov A.E. , Babуch V.L.
Published: June 2023

The scientific review shows the role of miRNA in the development of liver diseases, namely: acute liver failure, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. To write the article, information was searched using the databases Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Global Health, The Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka. The authors indicate the importance of some miRNAs in the development of liver diseases. It was established that the development of acute liver failure is associated with a significant increase in the concentration of miR-21, miR-122, miR-221 and miR-192 in blood serum. The authors present the features of changes in miRNA content in acute liver failure in children. It is stated that drug-induced acute liver failure is accompanied by an increase in the concentration level of miR-122, miR-1246, miR-4270, miR-4433, miR-4463, miR-4484, miR-4532, pre-miR-4767 and a decrease in the concentration level miR-455-3p, miR-1281 and pre-miR-4274 in serum. MicroRNAs miR-224-5p, miR-320a, miR-449a and miR-877-5p regulate the process of metabolizing acetaminophen by inhibiting enzymes (CYP3A4, HNF1A, HNF4A and NR1I2). The authors demonstrated that transfection of exogenous miR-224-5p, miR-320a, miR-449a and miR-877-5p into HepaRG cells protects them from the toxic effect of acetaminophen. The scientists demonstrated that patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis had more than two-fold increased concentrations of miR-19a and miR-19b, miR-122, miR-125b, miR-192 and miR-375 in their blood serum. It is emphasized that overexpression of miR-122 is associated with high activity of alanine aminotransferase. Thus, the association of micro-RNA generation with the development of liver diseases has become the goal of research by scientists around the world in recent years. The development of acute liver failure is associated with a significant increase in the concentration of miR-21, miR-122, miR-221 and miR-192 in blood serum. A high level of miR-27b-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-192-5p, miR-1290 in blood serum is a highly diagnostic marker of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Therefore, microRNAs play an important role in the development of acute liver failure and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and can be used as diagnostic and prognostic criteria, which, in the future, may contribute to increasing the effectiveness of therapy.
Newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency: lessons from a pilot study and prospects
Authors: Boyarchuk O.R. , Yarema N.M. , Makukh H.V.
Published: June 2023

The expansion of the neonatal screening program in Ukraine from October 2022 became an important achievement in the development of domestic medicine. Despite the severe challenges of the war and the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic, Ukraine was able to reach the level of the leading European countries, in which screening of newborns covers more than 20 disorders. Severe combined immunodeficiencies (SCID) are among the diseases included in the program of expanded mass screening of newborns. In this article, the authors focus on the challenges they faced during the implementation of the first pilot project in Ukraine on newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiencies using TREC and KREC assay. The method allows to determine not only SCID, but also other conditions that occur with T- and/or B-lymphopenia, which can be considered both an advantage and a disadvantage of the method, because it requires to set the certain level of cutoff. The urgency of the investigation is critically important for SCID screening. Therefore, organizational issues and the coordinated functioning of the entire screening program are of decisive importance. The conducted analysis, considering our own experience and data of other studies, outlined the issues that need to be resolved in the further implementation of screening for SCID. Improvement of the screening algorithm (with clarifying examinations when taking the second sample, or genetic examination of the SCID panel already from the first sample); determining the path of a patient with a positive TREC result; solving the issue of measuring the lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry at the regional centers; issues of BCG vaccination and prevention of cytomegalovirus infection; conducting trainings with doctors involved in the screening program; sharing the information among the medical community and the public will improve the newborn screening program for SCID, shorten the patient’s path to diagnosis, which in the end may have a positive impact on the quality of life and life expectancy of those with severe T- and/or B-lymphopenia.
Implementation of Fuzzy Logic in Managing Common Anesthesia
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Dharam Samaj College, Aligarh (Aligarh), (India), SAHAY HEMLATA , GOYAL SHUBHNESH KUMAR ,   Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra (India)
Published: June 2023

Using fuzzy sets for reasoning is what we mean when we talk about fuzzy logic. Contradictory natures are prevalent phenomena in the medical field. Guidelines are used by anesthesiologists when taking care of patients. After gauging the patient’s vitals, he may make adjustments to the flow of medication and fluids, or even the ventilator settings. Knowledge about the real world is typically sketchy, inaccurate, and inconsistent. Due to the inherent representation of subjective human conceptions used in much medical decision making, fuzzy logic seems well-suited for use in anaesthesia. We have developed a fuzzy expert system using fuzzy methodology for the aim of fluid management during general anaesthesia. The desired intravenous fluid rate (IFR) is the defuzzified value that is output by the fuzzy expert system. Fuzzy inputs serve as antecedent parts of rules for a fuzzy expert system, and some examples of such inputs are mean arterial pressure (HUO), hourly urine output (HUO), and central venous pressure (CVP). It would only cost a little sum to have a human operator sometimes enter MAP, HUO, and CVP values into a personal computer for this purpose. The study’s overarching goal was to devise a method for approximating IFR by making use of a linguistic description of MAP and HUO. Fuzzy sets, including decreasing, constant, and growing MAP and HUO rates of change, would assist to illustrate the trend in a patient’s fluid state. To regulate fluid levels more precisely would be possible. Expert guidance in addition to the calculated use of fuzzy methods are essential for achievement of the desired outcome. Patients must be in generally good health before this mode may be used on them, and they must be undergoing minimally invasive surgery. Moderate to severe blood loss after surgery need more complex modalities involving more factors.
Research on Film Title Translation from the Perspective of Polysystem Theory
Authors: Yan Na
Published: June 2023

From the film, we can have access to the customs and cultures of all over the world, and the film title is playing a pioneering role. The more successful the title is, the more attractive it is to the audience. The translation of film titles is more dependent on by audiences in different language and in different cultural backgrounds. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the translation of film titles. This paper intends to study the translation of film titles (Chinese translation of English titles and English translation Chinese titles) through Polysystem theory, and find that culture is an important factor affecting the translation of film titles, in addition to political and patron factors.
Analysis of Strict Social Isolation (SSI-Lockdown) Measures Impacts on Atmospheric Pollutant Emissions and Health Risks on Roads with Intense Vehicle Flow in the City of Fortaleza-Ceara/Brazil
Authors: S. Lima Brenna K. , C. Ratts Mônica G. A. , Rabelo Jhonatan F. , Vasconcelos Veras Vanessa Maria , Araujo Rinaldo S. , Oliveira Mona Lisa M. , Cavalcante Francisco S. A. , Serra Daniel S.
Published: June 2023

In early 2020, governments of many countries adopted strict social isolation (SSI) measures to contain the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Disease (COVID-19). Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the influence of those SSI measures on atmospheric pollutants emissions and their potential health risks in the city of Fortaleza - Ceará. To this end, static and dynamic analyses were carried out in order to investigate the levels of some atmospheric pollutants found in four main avenues during SSI and post-SSI periods.  In addition, some health indicators were investigated by analyzing potential Particulate Matter (PM) deposition in the respiratory tract of populations exposed to those environments. Our results for both dynamic and static analyses show that all pollutant concentrations from those avenues displayed an increase between SSI and the post-SSI period. The total PM2.5 dose deposited in the respiratory tract and potential total PM10 respiratory deposition showed increases between the SSI and post-SSI periods. The inhaled-dose numbers also showed considerable increases for all avenues when comparing SSI and post-SSI periods. According to our results, SSI contributed to decreases in atmospheric pollutant emissions, in potential particulate matter respiratory tract deposition and, consequently, in the inhaled particulate matter dose.
DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS OF SCHIFF BASES WITH DIVERSE APPLICATIONS
Authors: DINNIMATH BASAVARAJ M. , GOWDA POOJA , NAIK ANWESH
Published: June 2023

Schiff bases are well-known synthetic compounds which are known to be used as drug molecules for various pharmacological and therapeutic applications. These compounds were prepared synthetically in simple steps and used against various diseases as antimicrobial agents, anti-HIV agents, antitumour agents, industrial applications like enzymatic reactions, catalytic activity. However, considering the various challenges posed by different microorganisms to the conventional Schiff bases, medicinal chemists have initiated the novel approach by synthesizing the new lead compounds for different pharmacological activities containing complexes of Schiff bases with different metals as these are new compounds and potent molecules due to duo combination with metals. This combination has gained prominence now a days against those diseases for which Schiff bases are becoming ineffective, such as cancer due to resistance and irrational usage. Hence, this review is an attempt to throw some light on the recent developments in the world of new drug molecules comprising of Schiff bases complexes with different metals like Copper (Cu), Palladium (Pd), Aluminium (Al), gold (Au), Silver (Ag) etc.
FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMISATION OF FAST DISSOLVING BUCCAL FILMS LOADED GLIMEPIRIDE SOLID DISPERSION WITH ENHANCED DISSOLUTION PROFILE USING CENTRAL COMPOSITE DESIGN
Authors: FAROOQUI PARVEEN , GUDE RAJASHREE
Published: June 2023

Objective: This study aimed to enhance the solubility and dissolution of Glimepiride, a new-generation hypoglycaemic agent with low water solubility, by preparing Fast dissolving buccal films (FDBFs) containing Glimepiride solid dispersion.
Methods: Glimepiride solid dispersions were fabricated using Polyethylene Glycol 4000 as the carrier by Physical mixture, Solvent evaporation, Kneading, and Fusion method. The optimised solid dispersion was selected based on the drug content and in vitro dissolution data. The final films incorporated with solid dispersion were prepared by the solvent casting technique, wherein the film formulation was optimised using the design of experiment (DoE) approach by applying the Central Composite statistical design. The optimised film formulation was then evaluated for various parameters, including weight variation, folding endurance, disintegration time, thickness, surface pH, and dissolution studies.
Results: Among the different methods employed, the kneading method using PEG 4000 in a drug-to-polymer ratio of 1:3 exhibited the highest drug content and in vitro drug release, making it the most promising option. The film formulation that was optimised displayed an accelerated in vitro drug dissolution within a time frame of 10 min, with an average disintegration time of 31.33±0.471.
Conclusion: The developed FDBFs loaded with Glimepiride solid dispersion demonstrated a markedly improved dissolution profile, avoidance of extensive first-pass metabolism, and improved patient compliance. The results suggest that the developed FDBFs could be a potential alternative to conventional dosage forms of Glimepiride.
A STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE OF THYROID DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN A TERTIARY CENTRE IN A TRIBAL POPULATION OF EASTERN INDIA
Authors: BEHERA BIBHU PRASAD , SEN RANJAN KUMAR
Published: June 2023

Objective: Diabetes is the most common endocrine disorder and is the leading cause of death worldwide. Thyroid dysfunction is another common endocrine disorder frequently encountered in clinical practice worldwide, second only to diabetes. The present study was undertaken with the following aims and objectives: To know the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus and the spectrum of thyroid dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, as per World Health Organisation criteria, without pre-existing thyroid disease attending the Medicine Outpatient Department or admitted to the Department of Medicine from June 2019 to May 2020 were taken as cases. Patients with type 2 DM aged>15 y were included in our study. Patients below 15 y of age, pregnant or lactating women, patients suffering from malignancy and tuberculosis, hepatic dysfunction, renal dysfunction, and those on drugs known to affect thyroid function (steroid, oral contraceptive pills, beta-blockers, and amiodarone), and patients who had proven pre-existing thyroid dysfunction were excluded from the study.
Results: In our study, thyroid dysfunction was present in 14.69% of patients among 320 patients with diabetes. Thyroid dysfunction was present in 7.73% of males and 23.74% of females with diabetes. Out of 47 diabetic patients who had thyroid dysfunction, 76.60% had glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C)>7.
Conclusion: There was a higher prevalence of thyroid disorders in patients with type 2 diabetes. This finding was more common in female diabetics. Subclinical hypothyroidism was the most frequent thyroid disorder found among diabetics.
Education as a Tool for Women Empowerment in Zaynab Alkali and Abubakar Gimba’s Selected Novels
Authors: Mbutakto Ngalari , Tikikus John
Published: June 2023

The dominance of patriarchy as a cultural mainstay of the people and Islam as a religious philosophy and practice in northern Nigeria did not prioritise the education of the girl child until recently. The result of these is the diminished contribution of the woman to the welfare of northern Nigerian. This paper examines the plight of northern Nigerian woman and how education as a tool brings social development, empowers the woman to be an agent of change. The feminist critical approach to literature and Marxist literary theory are used as a tool for the textual assessment of Zaynab Alkali’s The Descendants and Abubakar Gimba’s Sacred Apples in this paper. Besides, many females do not have access to education in their community; this lack of access to educate the woman is the result of cultural, religious and economic factors. Furthermore, the paper reveals the importance of education to the woman, since no society progresses by the efforts of a segment of its population. The paper concludes that the emancipator power of education is a tool for social liberation, self-actualisation and development for the individual in particular and the society in general. It is the most important tool in addressing women problem in Nigeria, especially in the northern part.
‘Politics of fear’: An analysis of the effects of divisive political propaganda in Nazi Germany and Cold-War America as reflected in Nabokov’s “Signs and Symbols” (1958) and Nena’s “99 Red Balloons” (1985)
Authors: Thebuwana Naduni Dinesha
Published: June 2023

Nabokov’s “Signs and Symbols” (1958) is a short story that baffled its readers when it was first published in The New Yorker in 1948 and continues to be an enigma to many readers. The compact style, lack of plot and backstories, and the enigmatic mental disorder of the protagonist largely constitute this enigma, and makes the short story a writerly text open to multiple interpretations. While it has been interpreted from diverse perspectives for the past seventy years, its engagement with the ‘politics of fear’ in Nazi Germany and Cold-War America has not been subjected to critical scrutiny. ‘Politics of fear’ is a theory developed by Wodak (2015) to conceptualize right-wing political discourses and strategies. This paper uses this theory as a critical perspective to analyze how the protagonist’s mental disorder, ‘referential mania,’ reflects the nationalist and divisive right-wing political strategies of German and American populists of World War II and the Cold War. It also compares this portrayal with the reflection of ‘politics of fear’ in “99 Red Balloons” (1985), a protest song produced by Nena in Cold-War Germany.
Gender complementarity: Panacea for Communal Leadership in Nigeria (A Gender Discourse of Akachi Ezeigbo’s The Last of The Strong Ones)
Authors: Davies Rebecca Ufuoma
Published: June 2023

The paper examines the idea of gender complementarity as a solution for communal leadership, using the representative novel, The Last of the Strong Ones for elucidation The novel depicts the life of the imaginary Igbo community of Okperi's residents and their struggle for leadership and self-determination. The paper looks at how men and women collaborate in positions of leadership to keep the community's stability.The paper emphasizes the value of gender complementarity as it promotes inclusivity and equity by taking a feminist approach. The paper makes the case that female and male collaboration and advice are essential for communal leadership to succeed. The protagonists in the novel show how gender complementarity enables them to appreciate and recognize each other's contributions and skills, resulting in a more dynamic and inclusive leadership structure, as well as promoting gender parity in leadership roles and subverting gender stereotypes. Overall, by highlighting the beneficial effects of gender complementarity in collective leadership frameworks, the paper contributes to the conversation on gender and leadership.
Oral Communication Skills of Grade VI Learners
Authors: Paguel Celso Jr. U.
Published: June 2023

The study focused on the oral communication skills along with articulation disorders among Grade VI learners of Balong Elementary School. It significantly analyzed the common errors committed by the respondents along articulation disorders. The study used the descriptive-qualitative type of research method. The data were gathered through administering an oral reading assessment with the use of a passage lifted from the Phil-IRI Module entitled “Galileo, The Scientist” consists of 89 words. It was found out in the study that the level of proficiency of most of the learners in oral communication falls under instructional level. The frequency of errors in oral communication disorders along articulation disorder shows that “imperfect production of phonetic elements” has the most committed error with 306 or 56.77%. “Omission of certain speech sound” ranks second with 119 or 22.08% errors. Third is “substitutions” with 98 or 18.18%. Fourth is “distortions” with 10 or 1.86% and the least is the “baby talk” with 6 0r 1.11%. Based on the findings, the following conclusions are drawn: a) Some of the learners are not well-versed enough in reading sight words; b) imperfect production of phonetic elements or mispronunciation as the most common error committed; specifically, on pronouncing words with long /a/, soft /th/, and vowels ‘ou’ with schwa /Ə/ sound; c) the most common factor affecting the oral communication skills of the learners is “lack of reading experience in school and at home”; and d) to minimize or avoid the errors in oral communication, intervening activities may be implemented.
Visuals Semiotics in the novel Coraline
Authors: Santhiya C.
Published: June 2023

“Visuals Semiotics in the novel Coraline”, presents the definition of semiotics and visual semiotics. It also discusses the theory of heteroglosia used in graphic novel. This paper also includes components and terminology of graphic novel with examples of visual symbols from Coraline novel by P.Craig Russell.