bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mining a Nanoparticle Dataset, Compiled Within the MODENA-COST Action
Authors: Van Miert Sabine , Creylman Jan , Verheyen Geert R.
Published: May 2021

Engineered nanomaterials (ENM) have new or enhanced physico-chemical properties compared to their micron-sized counterparts, but may also have an increased toxic potential. Animal and in vitro testing are typically employed to investigate the toxic effects of (nano)materials. The sheer number of ENMs and their physico-chemical parameters make it impossible to only use in vivo and in vitro testing, and modelling technologies are also deployed to find relationships between ENM parameters and toxicity. A heterogenous dataset containing information on 192 nanoparticle endpoints was compiled within the MODENA COST-Action consortium. Here, the available data was mined to identify relationships between nanoparticle properties and cell-death as measured with four cytotoxicity assays. ANOVA, collinearity analyses and classification and regression trees gave indications on potential relations between the NP-properties and toxicity, but could not deliver a robust model. More information and datapoints are necessary to build well-validated models.
Relevance of Chemically Functionalized Nano-Fillers and Modified Nanocomposite in Energy Systems
Authors: Babatunde Damilola Elizabeth , Denwigwe Iheanacho Henry , Babatunde Olubayo Moses , Agboola Oluranti , Akinsipe Gbemisola Deborah
Published: May 2021

Reliable energy systems and advances in nanotechnology together will play key role in channeling future cutting edge inventions and developments in all spheres. In this review article, the pertinence of functionalizing nanofillers and modifying nanocomposites for improved performance in various energy applications such as energy conversion, energy efficiency, energy storage, alternative energy and energy saving are expounded. This article also presents structures and unique properties of commonly used nanofillers; advances, improvement potentials and characterization of nanocomposites used in energy systems. Theoretical and experimental literature reviewed revealed that nanofillers engender improved properties in polymeric matrices. Functionalization is applicable to all types of nanofillers in use today, a number of functionalized nanofillers are already commercially available; and more extensive research is needed to achieve optimal improved results with the use of nanofillers and nanocomposites in various fields of applications.
ADDietCoach
Authors: Hendawi Rasha , Li Juan , Alian Shadi
Published: May 2021

The aging population worldwide is expected to increase the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease. As there is no medical curative treatment for this disease to date, alternative treatments have been applied to improve the patient’s brain and general health. One of these efforts includes providing Alzheimer’s patients with proper food and nutrition. In this paper, we propose a knowledge-powered personalized virtual coach to provide diet and nutrition assistance to patients of Alzheimer’s and/or their informal caregivers. The virtual coach is built on top of an ontology-enhanced knowledge base containing knowledge about patients, Alzheimer’s disease, food, and nutrition. Semantics-based searching and reasoning are performed on the knowledgebase to get personalized context-aware recommendation and education about healthy eating for Alzheimer’s patients. The proposed system has been implemented as a mobile application. Evaluation based on use cases has demonstrated the usefulness of this tool.
Hardness Evaluation of 88Cu-4Pb-4Sn-4Zn Alloy by Mechanical Alloying with Oxidizing Atmosphere
Authors: López-Villacís Gonzalo Eduardo , Peña-Jordán Francisco Agustín , Manzano-Gallardo Ibeth Aracely , Espín-Lagos Segundo Manuel
Published: May 2021

The investigation of new materials that have properties such as resistance to high temperatures, wear resistance, rigidity, and low weight, involves the use of technological processes with more and more advantages. For this purpose, mechanical alloying is a widely used technique, which consist of high-energy impact between balls inside a container, where constant collisions deform and fracture the material, achieving the alloy of the particles in a solid state. This work focuses on the Vickers hardness evaluation of the copper matrix alloy with 4% Pb, 4% Sn and 4% Zn, in an oxidizing atmosphere, sintered at 800 °C and 900 °C, using milling times of 3 hours, 6 hours and 9 hours. The results show that there is a relationship between the hardness obtained, in the two groups of specimens at 800 ° C and 900 ° C, with the grinding time and the sintering temperature, among others used in the process. An average maximum hardness of 53.4 HV was obtained.
Photoluminescence of Sol-Gel Synthesized ZnO Nanostructures
Authors: Hernández Erasto Vergara , Pérez Millán Brenda Carolina , Torres Torres Yael Valdemar , Cea Montufar César Eduardo
Published: May 2021

Zinc oxide nanostructures have potentially interesting optical properties, which make them candidates for use in applications within the area of optoelectronics; their synthesis can be carried out through low-cost methods, such as sol gel, among many others. In addition, depending on the synthesis method, its shape and size, ZnO nanostructures can present emissions in the ultraviolet (UV) and visible region. By doping with elements such as carbon, silver, copper or some rare earth, for example, erbium, terbium or neodymium, the optical properties of ZnO can be adjusted and controlled to be able to be applied in the production of biosensors, photodetectors and even sensors of white light. In this research work, a review is presented on the nature of the optical transition mechanisms that occur in the ZnO nanostructures synthesized by the sol-gel method.
Lateral Force Resisting Systems Made of Cold-Formed Steel Material: Proposal of Seismic Design Criteria for 2nd Generation of Eurocode 8
Authors: Shakeel Sarmad , Campiche Alessia
Published: May 2021

The current edition of Eurocode 8 does not cover the design of the Cold-Formed steel (CFS) building structures under the seismic design condition. As part of the revision process of Euro-code 8 to reflect the outcomes of extensive research carried out in the past decade, University of Naples “Federico II” is involved in the validation of existing seismic design criteria and development of new rules for the design of CFS systems. In particular, different types of Lateral Force Resisting System (LFRS) are analyzed that can be listed in the second generation of Eurocode 8. The investigated LFRS’s include CFS strap braced walls and CFS shear walls with steel sheets, wood, or gypsum sheathing. This paper provides the background information on the research works and the reference design standards, already being used in some parts of the world, which formed the basis of design criteria for these LFRS systems. The design criteria for the LFRS-s common to CFS buildings would include rules necessary for ensuring the dissipative behavior, appropriate values of the behavior factor, guidelines to predict the design strength, geometrical and mechanical limitations.
The Analysis on the Stamping Formability of High Strength Steel
Authors: Ma Wen Yu , Yang Jian Wei , Yao Ye , Zhang Yong Qiang , Zhang Jun
Published: May 2021

Recently the high strength steel has been applied in the automotive more and more widely. In this study, the effect of blank shape on the formability of an automotive part was analyzed. The three kinds of blank shapes were chosen, including a rectangular shaped blank, a blank with two corners cut straightly and a blank with two corners cut in curve. The effect of the variable blank holder force on the formability was studied. The four kinds of variable blank holder force were applied. The blank shape in this part is the blank with two corners cut curve. The results show that the blank with two corners curve is the most suitable. And the blank holder force from 1000 kN to 1500 kN is the most useful for the formability.
Synthesis and Characterization of Zinc Coated Carica papaya Extracts for Solid-State Application
Authors: Emetere Moses E. , Ahiara Ikechukwu M.
Published: May 2021

The evolution of semiconductor from the conventional type to organic semiconductor has not convincingly shown that it is eco-friendly both in the short and long term. This research presents the green solution bio-semiconductor that was synthesized from zinc coated carica papaya. It was observed that carica papaya extracts do not respond significantly to the extracting solution (methanol, ethanol and butanol). The band gap of sample 1 (extract in methanol solution), sample 2 (extract in ethanol solution) and sample 3 (extract in butanol solution) was calculated as 1.98 eV, 2.01eV and 1.93 eV respectively. Further research is therefore recommended for the perfection of the bio-semiconductor.
Application of Point Cloud Data Processing in River Regulation
Authors: Liu Yuxi , Zhu Yiping , Wei Mingzhe
Published: May 2021

Abstract Geotextile materials are often used in river regulation projects to cut down sand loss caused by water erosion, to thus ensure a stable and safe river bed. In order to measure the overlap width in the geotextile-laying procedure, we proposed a point processing method
for cloud data, which engages point cloud data obtained by 3-D imaging sonar to do automatic measurements. Firstly, random sampling and consensus point cloud segmentation and outer point filtering based on statistical analysis on density were used to extract the upper and lower plane data
of the geotextile. Secondly, cluster classification was used to obtain the edge point cloud. Lastly, edge characteristic parameters were extracted by linear fitting, and the overlap width in geotextile laying was calculated. Results show that this measurement scheme is feasible, robust, and
accurate enough to meet the requirements in real-life engineering.
The 2019 JANUS Interoperability Fest: A Field Report
Authors: Petroccia Roberto , Ferreira Fausto , Alves João , Cardeira Bruno , Zappa Giovanni , Manzari Vincenzo , Cario Gianni , DellaMorte James , Ehmcke Knuth , Kebkal Oleksiy , Schulz Florian , Scussel Ken , Spaccini Daniele
Published: May 2021

Abstract Underwater acoustic communications are currently implemented through a variety of vendor-specific protocols. The lack of interoperability between these protocols has prompted the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Science and Technology Organization (STO)
Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation (CMRE) to lead a collaborative effort toward the establishment of a standard for digital underwater acoustic communications. The JANUS standard was promulgated as a NATO standard, Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 4748, in March 2017 and has
since been used by a growing number of vendors.To promote interoperability and engagement with industry, CMRE began organizing the JANUS Interoperability Fest. The goal of this event was to collectively exercise JANUS implementations from companies and to clear up any possible misunderstandings
with the technical specification. The first edition of the JANUS Fest took place in 2018. This article describes the planned and performed tests as well as the primary outcomes of the second JANUS Fest, which was organized in 2019. The success of this event is demonstrated by the results and
the positive feedback from participants and observers.
Roles of Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor 1A in Germinal Centers and Long-Lived Humoral Immunity
Authors: Tomayko Mary M , Karaaslan Selda , Lainez Begoña , Conter Laura J , Song Eunice , Venkatesan Srividhya , Mishina Yuji , Shlomchik Mark J
Published: May 2021

In response to T-dependent Ag, germinal centers (GC) generate bone marrow–resident plasma cells (BMPC) and memory B cells (MBC). In this study, we demonstrate that the bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1A (BMPR1A) signaling pathway, which regulates differentiation and self-renewal in multiple stem cell populations, regulates GC dynamics and resultant establishment of BMPC and MBC. Expression studies using quantitative PCR and novel Bmpr1a.IRES.EGFP reporter mice demonstrated that Bmpr1a expression is upregulated among GC B cells (GCBC) and subsets of MBC, bone marrow plasmablasts, and BMPC. In immunized mice carrying B cell–targeted Bmpr1a gene deletions, the GC response was initially diminished. Subsequently, the GCBC compartment recovered in size, concurrent with accumulation of GCBC that carried unmodified rather than deleted Bmpr1a alleles. Similarly, the resulting class-switched MBC and BMPC carried retained non-recombined alleles. Despite the strong selective pressure for “leaky” B cells that retained Bmpr1a, there was a permanent marked reduction in switched bone marrow Ab-forming cells (plasmablasts + plasma cells), BMPC, MBC, and Ag-specific serum IgM in mice carrying B cell–targeted Bmpr1a gene deletions. These findings demonstrate a novel role for BMPR1A in the modulation of the B cell response and in the establishment of long-term memory.
Colorectal cancer screening participation: Exploring relationship heterogeneity and scale differences using multiscale geographically weighted regression
Authors: Geddes Alistair , Fotheringham A. Stewart , Libby Gillian , Steele Robert J.C.
Published: May 2021

Scotland has an organised colorectal cancer screening programme; however, despite proactively offering screening opportunities free to the at-risk population, and also despite using a screening test which may be completed at home, screening participation levels are unequal. Understanding causal pathways linking participation with other population characteristics may be aided by identifying how relationships between the two patterns vary across different localities, and such knowledge may also inform decisions regarding geographical targeting of screening promotion efforts. In this analysis, models calibrated using multiscale geographically weighted regression enabled the assessment of spatial variations of determinants of screening participation levels. The models were calibrated for localities across west central Scotland (n=409), where participation levels were relatively low, using aggregated individual-level screening records within a two-year window (2009-2011). Area deprivation was found to have a strong negative impact on participation levels across the study area, and ethnic population concentration had a significant impact on male participation levels on localities within Glasgow city. Estimates of local intercepts pointed to a systemic difference in screening participation between the two health board regions in the study area. Overall the results suggest that work to increase screening participation was necessary. They also suggest that barriers to participation could be addressed locally, and that differences between health board regions required further investigation.
Work and Life in the Sport Industry: A Review of Work-Life Interface Experiences Among Athletic Employees
Authors: Graham Jeffrey A. , Smith Allison B.
Published: May 2021

Objective

To review the literature on work-life interfaces in the sport industry, focusing on athletic trainers, coaches, athletes, and other sport personnel.

Data Sources

Studies were identified using SPORTDiscus, PsychINFO, and Google Scholar. Search terms included work-family balance, work-life balance, work-family conflict, work-life conflict, work-family enrichment, and work-life enrichment. These search terms were used in different combinations and configurations in the search process.

Study Selection

Included studies were peer-reviewed journal articles, with primary data collection, and published in English. In the articles, researchers also examined some aspect of the work-family interface in relation to the sport industry.

Data Extraction

The initial searches returned 110 articles. Of these, 21 articles were removed for a lack of focus on the sport industry, for being a duplicate, or for focusing outside the work-life interface in sport. A total of 89 articles remained for a full analysis. An additional 20 articles were then removed because the authors either did not collect primary data or focused outside our study purpose. Therefore, 69 articles were included in the review.

Data Synthesis

The theoretical framework, study population, population region, methods, article focus, and findings from the articles were recorded. Articles were then grouped based on the study population focus (eg, athletic trainer, coach, or other).

Conclusions

The results suggested that investigators' primary interests were athletic trainers and coaches, primarily with respect to work-life balance and work-life conflict. Less attention was paid to international participants, athletes, and topics related to work-life enrichment. The field will continue to progress as more populations and perspectives are studied. Furthermore, an additional emphasis on positive organizational behaviors, such as work-life enrichment and life-work enrichment, will move the literature forward and answer useful questions with both theoretical and practical outcomes.
Tasavvufta Belâ Ve İmtihan Telakkisi
Authors: CENGİZ Muammer
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışmada tasavvuf târihinde oluşan belâ ve imtihan telakkisinin hangi noktalarda temerküz ettiği literatüre dayalı kronolojik bir okuma metodu ile tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çerçevede öncelikle belâ ve imtihan kavramlarının tasavvuf literatürü içinde nasıl bir içerik eşliğinde kavramlaştığının tespitine odaklanılmıştır. Mezkur kavramların kendilerine yakın tasavvuf kavramları ile olan ilişki cihetleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Tasavvuf târihi içinde oluşan ağırlıklı muhtevâsı dikkate alınarak belâ ve imtihan telakkisi daha ziyade Allah-insan ilişkisinin yorumlandığı bir çerçevede ele alınmıştır. Tasavvufun farklı dönemlerindeki isim ve eserleri merkeze alarak konu hakkında nasıl bir anlayış ve üslûp ortaya çıktığı ele alınmış böylece aynı mesele üzerinden farklı tasavvufî devirlerinin nasıl birbirine bağlandığı müşahede edilmiştir.
the Balinese Pop Song which was Semiotic Heuristic study
Authors: Ni Wayan Sariani  , Rasna I Wayan
Published: May 2021

Abstract.

This research was about Balinese pop song which was Semiotic Heuristic study. The research underlined was the fact that occurred in the Balinese popular songs as a part of the literary work featured new vocabularies as well as old vocabularies modification and also a combination of vocabularies from other languages such as Indonesian and English, considered as the "Deviate" composition from the rules of standard grammar and literary conventions. The purpose of this research was to describe the phenomenon of linguistic structure in Balinese popular song texts and the philosophical meaning of the texts Balinese popular song based on semiotic-heuristic analysis. To be able to describe these purposes, semiotic theory and structuralism were used. This research used descriptive qualitative method. The data source was derived from two texts of Balinese popular songs entitled “Suksma Hyang Widhi” by Dek Ulik” and "Bungan Sandat" by AA Made Cakra. Both of these popular songs used different styles. The song of "Bungan Sandat" mostly used words based on the rules of language and literature that was, poetic. While the song titled "Suksma Hyang Widhi” mostly used a lot of ordinary words such as language used in daily life. There appeared some deviate words found out of the rules of grammar or literary conventions; however there were also words appropriately right based on the rules of language and literature, namely poetic, romantic, by symbolic and philosophical language styles. Based on the result analysis of those two songs heuristically towards the two texts of Balinese Pop songs were found the existence of violations of linguistic rules both grammatically, syntagmatically, paradigmatically, semantically and composition of these two Balinese popular songs.

Keywords: the text of balinese popular song, semiotic-heuristi, philosophical meaning
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA BALI YANG LEBIH BERMAKNA
Authors: A. A. Gde Putera Semadi
Published: May 2021

Abstrak

 

 

Pada era informasi dan digitalisasi sekarang ini bahasa, aksara, dan sastra Bali masih tetap hidup dan dipelihara dengan baik oleh penutur masyarakat suku Bali. Sebagai aspek kebudayaan Bali tentunya bahasa Bali memegang peranan sangat penting dalam menunjang kebudayaan nasional. Oleh karena itu, maka model dan strategi pembelajaran bahasa daerah Bali ke depan perlu terus dikaji dan diteliti dari berbagai perspektif yang komunikatif-interaktif, inovatif, intergralistik, lebih menarik dan bermakna.

Penelitian ini tergolong jenis penelitian kualitatif/normatif yang dirancang sebagai suatu bagian dari pendekatan penomenologis. Objek kajiannya pada teks  serta konteksnya yang ada di masyarakat.  Hasil studi pustaka dan data empiris  yang telah diklasifikasi dikaji dengan menggunakan pendekatan kultural, pendekatan manajerial, dan pendekatan keteladanan. Penentuan informan dilakukan dengan teknik purposive random sampling dan dikembangkan dengan teknik snowball. Sumber data diperkuat pula dengan  instrumen penelitian berupa pedoman observasi partisipasi, wawancara, rekaman, serta studi dokumen. Melalui aplikasi metode analisis deskriptif diperoleh hasil penelitian yang cukup memadai yakni  untuk mewujudkan model pembelajaran bahasa Bali yang lebih menarik dan  bermakna dapat dirumuskan melalui empat strategi yaitu bermain kata, bermain peran, kuis bahasa dan sastra Bali, dan olah (utak-atik) aksara Bali. Selain itu, dapat pula dilengkapi dengan menerapkan pendekatan Contextual Teaching and Learning, Komunikatif - Interaktif, dan terintegralistik.

 

Kata kunci :  Model Pembelajaran, Bahasa Bali.
Laser Land Levelling: A Way Forwards towards Resource Conservation in Paddy –Wheat Cropping Patterns in Haryana
Authors: Kumar Dinesh
Published: May 2021

Main objective of study was comparative analysis of Laser Land Levelling (LLL) vis-a-vis Conventional Land Levelling (CLL) in terms of resource use efficiency. Regression analysis along with economic concept of marginal value productivity (MVP) and marginal factor cost (MFC) were used to analyse resource use. Six variables were used to regress yield. The results of the study revealed that highest resource use efficiency were obtained in case of seed, while it was observed lowest in case fertilizers under laser land levelling (LLL) in paddy. Whereas, under conventional land levelling (CLL), highest resource use efficiency was found to be in case of labour while least resource use efficiency was obtained in irrigation. Similarly, in case of wheat highest and lowest resource use efficiency under laser land levelling technology were observed in inputs viz: seed and plant protection chemicals, respectively while, under conventional land levelling it was for inputs like labour and seed, respectively. Hence, study highlighted the strength of resource conservation potential of laser land levelling technology. Two variables i.e. irrigation and fertilizer impacted significantly with the adoption of laser land levelling, validated the outcomes of study by difference between MVP and MFC for these two particular inputs were found to be positive and close to zero indicated efficient utilizations of these resources. Hence, it is suggested that adoption of laser land levelling should be promoted on wider scale to tap its resource conservation potential.
Analysis of the Implementation of Distance Learning in the COVID-19 Pandemic New Normal Era
Authors: Alperi Muzanip , Riyanto Riyanto , Sapri Johanes , Alexon Alexon , Handayani Dewi
Published: May 2021

This research was conducted to see the implementation of distance learning during the New Habitual Adaptation (NHA) period of the COVID 19 pandemic. The indicators that will be seen are planning, implementation, problems, and solutions of distance learning. The method used in this research is a qualitative analysis method. The results of this study are(1) Learning planning for NHA mass education units in Kepahiang Regency has prepared related regulations, and an education unit ordinance has been issued related to its implementation. The infrastructure to prevent COVID 19 in the Kepahiang District education unit is also excellent. Therefore, the lesson plan that has been prepared has also been adjusted to the NHA period. (2) The implementation of AKB learning in Kepahiang Regency was actively followed by more than 80% of students, the most widely used learning method was offline distance, and the most widely used media was WhatsApp. (3) Obstacles faced in the learning process of the NHA period in the Kepahiang Regency are the facilities, networks, competencies, and complexity of the student's brain. (4) Solution options offered and carried out are offline distance learning. This research is essential because there are instruments whose indicators are determined according to the objectives achieved.
Thermal Effects of 5G Frequency EM Waves on Ocular Tissue
Authors: Aricioglu Burak , Ferikoglu Abdullah
Published: May 2021

This research article aims to investigate the thermal effects on human eye due to exposure of EM (electromagnetic) field at 5G frequencies. A secondary purpose of the article is to show that SPICE, one of the most commonly used tools in circuit analysis, can be used to solve complex EM and bioheat transfer problems. Both electric field and temperature distributions in human eye are simulated with transmission line modelling
(TLM) method. Also, finite element method (FEM) calculations are carried out for comparison. Temperature distributions are calculated for 30 minutes of EM radiation exposure. As a subject of the simulation, a human is chosen that the power density of incoming field at the human eye is assumed as the maximum of the ICNIRP general public exposure limits. A good consistency between TLM and FEM based simulations
is found. A new transmission line model based on Debye parametric model is generated for simulation of EM field distribution in the tissues. With this generated transmission line, the results for the frequencies of interest can be obtained via single simulation. Also, a new transmission line model is developed for the temperature distribution simulation in which the effects of noncompressible fluid flow such as non-unidirectional
blood flow in tissues and flow in aqueous humor are taken into consideration.
Design of Dual Band Meta-Material Resonator Sensor for Material Characterization
Authors: Harry Sucitra , Zakaria Zahriladha , Said Maizatul , Alahnomi Rammah , Misran M.
Published: May 2021

This paper describes the design and implementation of the dual band metamaterial resonator for sensing applications by employing perturbation theory in which the dielectric properties of resonator affect Q-factor and resonance frequency. The designed sensor operates at two resonance frequency 3.20 GHz and 4.18 GHz in the range of 1 GHz to 5.5 GHz for testing solid materials. The Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software is used to design and model this sensor and it was analyzed by using vector network analyzer (VNA) for testing measurement. This study uses empirical equation from the tested materials with well-known permittivity to estimate the permittivity of other materials with unknown permittivity. The proposed sensor has achieved a narrow band with high Q-factor value of 642 and 521 at the operating frequencies of 3.16 GHz and 4.18 GHz respectively. These findings are compared with findings of previous study and the proposed sensor has achieved a high sensitivity and accuracy of 80% compare to others. This is proof that this senor could be used to characterize materials and sensing applications.
Effect of Self-Care Guidelines on Low Back Pain among Pregnant Women
Authors: Sharaby Shimaa A. , Abd Ellatef Mona A. B.
Published: May 2021

Background: Gestational low back pain is a significant complaint during gestation being responsible for many negative impacts on the quality of life of pregnant women.Aim: Evaluate the effect of self-care guidelines on low back pain among pregnant women.Method: Quasi-experimental (pre/post-test) designed used to achieve the study aim. The study carried out at the outpatient clinic for antenatal care in Kafr ElSheikh University Hospital. Purposive samples composed of 39 pregnant women included in this study. Tools used included a structured interview questionnaire; to assess demographic characteristics of the studied sample, assess the obstetric history of pregnant women, assess pregnant women knowledge regarding low back pain and assess pregnant women reported practices toward relieving low back pain. The second tool was a visual analog scale to assess the degree of low back pain among pregnant woman.Result: Revealed statistically significant differences between mean scores of pregnant women knowledge, self-reported practices and the mean scores of pain degree among pregnant women pre, post-self-care guidelines implementation.Conclusion: Application of the self- care guidelines was improving pregnant women knowledge, practices, and was relieving low back pain recommending implementation of self-care guidelines in obstetrics & gynecological departments and antenatal outpatient clinics to relieve low back pain among pregnant woman. Besides, counseling and health education program must be provided to all pregnant woman to increases their knowledge regarding measures of relieving low back pain during pregnancy.
Kompetensi Guru Terhadap Pembelajaran dan Pemudahcaraan Sejarah Berasaskan Aplikasi Google Classroom
Authors: Kaviza M.
Published: May 2021

Kajian berbentuk tinjauan ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tahap kompetensi terhadap pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan sejarah berasaskan aplikasi Google Classroom dari segi pengetahuan, kemahiran dan sikap dalam kalangan guru. Seramai 60 orang guru terlibat dalam kajian ini. Instrumen kajian ini merupakan soal selidik. Data kajian ini dianalisis secara statistik deskriptif dan inferensi iaitu ujian-t sampel tak bersandar melalui perisian IBM SPSS. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa tahap kompetensi terhadap pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan sejarah berasaskan aplikasi Google Classroom adalah berada pada tahap sederhana. Dari segi konstruknya, tahap kompetensi pengetahuan berada pada tahap tinggi, manakala tahap kompetensi kemahiran dan kompetensi sikap pula berada pada tahap sederhana dalam kajian ini. Tambahan pula, dapatan kajian ini juga menunjukkan bahawa tidak terdapat perbezaan min yang signifikan bagi kompetensi terhadap pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan sejarah berasaskan aplikasi Google Classroom berdasarkan jantina. Sungguhpun begitu, dapatan kajian ini telah melaporkan bahawa terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan bagi min kompetensi pengetahuan terhadap pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan sejarah berasaskan aplikasi Google Classroom berdasarkan jantina, manakala tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan bagi min kompetensi kemahiran dan sikap terhadap pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan sejarah berasaskan aplikasi Google Classroom berasaskan jantina. Implikasi kajian ini telah memaparkan maklumat bahawa guru-guru mempunyai tahap kompetensi yang baik terhadap perlaksanaan proses pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan sejarah berasaskan aplikasi Google Classroomdengan lebih efektif dan berkesan.
LA APERTURA DE ESTABLECIMIENTOS COMERCIALES Y LA VENTA AMBULANTE EN EL ÁMBITO LOCAL CATALÁN EN LA ACTUALIDAD
Authors: NOGUERA DE LA MUELA BELÉN
Published: May 2021

En el inicio del intervencionismo administrativo sobre el comercio interior,
fueron los Entes locales los sujetos públicos con mayores responsabilidades en este sector.
Así en este trabajo abordamos cual es hoy, el papel de la Administración local catalana
en el ámbito de la apertura de establecimientos comerciales y de la venta ambulante a la
luz de los efectos que han producido la Directiva de Servicios y su transposición así como
la Ley de Garantía de la Unidad de mercado de 2013.

Barne-merkataritzari buruzko interbentzionismo administratiboaren hasieran,
toki-erakundeak izan ziren erantzukizunik handienak izan zituzten subjektu publikoak
sektore horretan. Kataluniako toki-administrazioak merkataritza-establezimenduen irekieran
eta kalez kaleko salmentan duen papera aztertzen da lan honetan, kontuan hartuz zer ondorio
izan dituzten Zerbitzuen Zuzentarauak eta haren transposizioak, eta Merkatu Batasunaren
Bermeari buruzko 2013ko Legeak.

At the beginnig of the administrative interventionism over internal trade,
local entities were the public subjects with greater responsabilities in this sector. Hence in
this work we address which role of the catalan local administration have nowadays in the
field of the opening of commercial establishments and ambulant sales in the light of the
effects produced by the Directive on Services and its transposition by the Act of Guarantee
of the Unity of the Market from 2013.
PROCEDIMIENTOS TRIBUTARIOS: CUESTIONES POLÉMICAS
Authors: ORENA DOMÍNGUEZ AITOR
Published: May 2021

Los aspectos procedimentales están adquiriendo cada vez más importancia
a la hora de reclamar liquidaciones practicadas por Hacienda. Algunos de estos aspectos
versan sobre las dilaciones del procedimiento inspector, las infracciones tributarias y la
preclusividad.

Prozedurarekin lotutako alderdiak gero eta garrantzitsuagoak dira Ogasunak
egindako likidazioak erreklamatzeko orduan. Alderdi horietako batzuk dira ikuskaritzaprozeduraren
luzamenduak, zergetako lege-hausteak eta preklusibitatea.

The procedural facets are becoming increasingly important when claiming
the liquidations carried out by the tax office. Some of these facets deal with the delay in
the tax inspector procedura, tax infringements and preclusión.
ESTUDIO SOBRE EL AUMENTO DEL PAPEL COORDINADOR DEL ESTADO EN LA REFORMA DE LA REGULACIÓN DE LOS PARQUES NACIONALES
Authors: PALLARÈS SERRANO ANNA
Published: May 2021

Partiendo del reparto competencial asentado en la materia de los espacios
naturales protegidos, en general, y de los Parques Nacionales, en particular, y del concepto
y ejercicio de la potestad de coordinación existente en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico, analizamos
la batería de elementos que llevan a incrementar el papel coordinador del Estado,
que consideramos constituye el cambio más trascendental de la inmediata reforma de la
ley de Parques Nacionales. En este estudio analizamos el sentido, la utilidad, operatividad
y constitucionalidad de los elementos introducidos para aumentar el papel coordinador del
Estado. Al mismo tiempo, señalamos aquellos aspectos que consideramos que no son
coherentes con nuestro ordenamiento y apuntamos el camino que tendría que seguir el legislador
al respecto.

Oro har naturagune babestuen eta bereziki Parke Nazionalen arloko
eskumenen banaketatik abiatuta, eta gure ordenamendu juridikoan dagoen koordinazioahalmenetik
abiatuta, Estatuaren koordinazio-lana areagotu ahal izateko elementu guztiak
aztertzen ditugu, hori baita Parke Nazionalei buruzko berehalako lege-erreformako aldaketa
nagusia. Estatuaren koordinazio-lana handitu ahal izateko sartutako elementuen zentzua,
erabilgarritasuna, eraginkortasuna eta konstituzionaltasuna aztertzen dugu lan honetan.
Gure ustez gure ordenamenduarekin koherenteak ez diren alderdiak ere adierazten ditugu,
eta legegileak horren aurrean jarraitu beharko lukeen bidea erakusten dugu.

On the basis of the allocation of powers regarding the protected natural
spaces in general and National Parks in particular, and the concept and exercise of the
power of coordination which exists in our legal order we analyze a set of elements which
lead to promote the role of coordination by the State, which we consider to be the most
significant change in the immediate reform of the Act on National Parks. We analyze in this
study the meaning, the utility, operativity and constitutionality of the elements introduced
in order to promote the role of coordination by the State. At the same time, we note those
features that we consider that are not coherent with our order and in that regard we show
the path to be followed by the legislator.
OBRAS COMPLEMENTARIAS E INSTALACIONES ACCESORIAS EN LA ZONA DE SERVIDUMBRE DE PROTECCIÓN
Authors: PÉREZ GÁLVEZ JUAN FRANCISCO
Published: May 2021

El litoral, la costa y la servidumbre de protección han sido secularmente
espacios controvertidos. La Ley 2/2013, de protección y uso sostenible del litoral y de modificación
de la Ley de Costas ha venido a sumar sentimientos y opiniones encontradas.
El Proyecto de Reglamento de la Ley de Costas, en desarrollo del mandato legal, aborda
aspectos especialmente sugerentes. Entre ellos se encuentra la nueva regulación de las
obras complementarias e instalaciones accesorias. El análisis detallado de su alcance en
esta redacción preliminar y los límites del mismo, son el objeto fundamental de este trabajo.
Quizás el proyecto de Reglamento, en este apartado, dista de ser claro y respetuoso
con el espíritu y finalidad del grupo normativo regulador al que pertenece.

Itsasertza, kostaldea eta babes-zorgunea eremu eztabaidagarriak dira
aspaldi-aspalditik. 2/2013 Legea dela-eta ¿itsasbazterraren babes eta erabilera jasangarriari
buruzkoa eta Kostaldeei buruzko Legea aldatzen duena¿, kontrako sentimendu eta iritziak
sortu dira. Kostaldeei buruzko legearen erregelamendu-proiektua lege hori garatzekoa da
eta bereziki eztabaidagarriak diren alderdiak jorratzen ditu. Horien artean, obra eta instalazio
osagarriei buruzko arau berriak daude. Arau horiek idazketa berriaren arabera duten eraginaren
azterketa xehatua da lan honen helburu nagusia. Agian, alderdi horretan, erregelamendu-
proiektua ez da batere argia, eta urruti dago dagokion arau-multzoaren espiritu eta
xedetik.

The litoral, the coast and the protection easement have secularly been
controversial spaces. Act 2/2013 on protection and sustainable use of litoral and of
modification of Act of Coasts has came to add feelings and mixed opinions. The bill of
Regulation¿s draft of the Act of Coasts in implementation of the legal mandate deals with
specially controversial facets. Among them the new regulation of complementary works
and secondary facilities. The detailed analysis of its scope in this preliminary drafting and
its limits are the fundamental aim of this work. Perhaps the Regulation¿s draft, regarding
this paragraph is far from being clear and respectful with the spirit and purpose of the
regulatory normative set of rules to which it belongs.
FOMENTO DE LAS ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES EN COLOMBIA. ENTRE CONTRADICCIONES E INICIATIVAS FALLIDAS
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ PATARROYO MARIANA
Published: May 2021

A propósito de la recientemente aprobada Ley de Energías Renovables
(Ley 1715/2014), este artículo hace un recuento de los intentos fallidos de fomentar estas
fuentes de energía en los últimos veinte años en Colombia, también se evidencia la debilidad
de los argumentos que hoy sustentan la promoción de las renovables y las contradicciones
del legislador y el Gobierno Nacional en esta materia. No es posible afirmar que la
norma aludida genere certidumbre y estabilidad a la incursión de las energías renovables
en la cesta energética nacional ya que no establece objetivos vinculantes y los incentivos
económicos propuestos son de carácter indirecto. Aún queda por esperar el desarrollo reglamentario
de esta norma.

Energia Berriztagarriei buruzko 1715/2014 Lege onartu berria dela eta,
artikulu honetan aipatzen da energia-iturri horiek sustatzeko alferrikako zenbat ahalegin
egin diren Kolonbian azken hogei urteotan, eta agerian jartzen da berriztagarriak sustatzeko
gaur egungo argudioen ahultasuna, eta legegilearen eta Gobernu Nazionalaren kontraesanak
arlo horretan. Ez dago esaterik arautegi horrek energia berriztagarriak sartzeak
ziurtasuna eta egonkortasuna sortzen duenik energiaren otarrean, ez baitu finkatzen helburu
loteslerik, eta proposatutako diru-pizgarriak zeharkakoak dira. Arautegi horren garapenari
itxaron behar zaio.

Concerning the recently enacted Act on Renewable Energies (Act
1715/2014), this article counts the unsuccessful attempts to promote these power sources
during last twenty years in Colombia, it is also shown the weakness of the arguments
that sustain the promotion of renewables and the contradictions of the legislator and the
national government in this area. It cannot be stated that the aforementioned norm creates
certainty and stability to the incursion of the renewable energies in the national energy mix
since it does not establish binding objectives and the proposed economic incentives are
indirect. Ir remains to wait for a regulatory development of this norm.
SECRETO PROFESIONAL E INSTRUMENTOS ELECTRÓNICOS EN EL EJERCICIO DE LA ABOGACÍA
Authors: SÁNCHEZ BLANCO ÁNGEL
Published: May 2021

Análisis legal y jurisprudencial del principio de secreto profesional en el
ejercicio de la profesión de Abogado.

Abokatu-lanbidearen esparruko sekretu profesionalaren printzipioaren
azterketa legala eta jurisprudentziala.

Analysis of legal and jurisprudential principle of professional secrecy in the
exercise of the legal profession.
¿GRACIA VS. JUSTICIA? EL CONTROL CONTENCIOSO-ADMINISTRATIVO DEL INDULTO A PARTIR DE LA SENTENCIA DEL TRIBUNAL SUPREMO DE 20 DE NOVIEMBRE DE 2013
Authors: URKOLA IRIARTE JASONE
Published: May 2021

La Sentencia del Pleno de la Sala Tercera del Tribunal Supremo de 20 de
noviembre de 2013 ofrece al Tribunal Supremo la oportunidad de precisar la naturaleza jurídica
de la actuación del Gobierno en materia de indulto, para analizar posteriormente la
extensión del control practicable en sede contencioso-administrativa, de modo especial, a
través de la técnica de los elementos reglados [art. 2(a) LJ], un ámbito en el que tamiza la
lectura de la Ley de Indulto que venía realizando el propio órgano judicial. Marca, así, una
nueva tendencia que parece confirmada en sentencias posteriores.

Auzitegi Gorenari indultu partzialaren gaian Gobernuak garatutako jardunaren
izaera juridikoa zehazteko aukera eman dio bere Hirugarren Salaren Osokoak 2013ko
azaroaren 20an adostutako Epaiak. Izaera juridiko hori oinarritzat harturik, administrazio-auzien
jurisdikzioak gara dezakeen kontrola aztertuko du ondoren: bereziki, elementu arautuen
teknikaren bidez gauza dezakeena [LJren 2(a) art.]. Eremu honetan, Indultu Legeari buruz
Auzitegi berak egin izan duen interpretazioa iragazi, eta joera berria ezarriko du, gai berean
jarraian argitaratutako epaietan berretsia dirudiena.

The judgment by the Third Section plenary of the of the Supreme Court
from November 20th of 2013 gives the Supreme Court the chance to establish the legal
nature of the Government action regarding the pardon, in order to analyze subsequently
the extension of the control to be carried out by the contentious-administrative jurisdiction,
specially by means of the technic of the regulated elements [art. 2(a) LJ], a field where
it weights up the reading of the Act of Pardon that used to do the same judicial body. It
marks therefore a new tendency that seems to be confirmed in later judgments.
DUPLICIDADES, CONCURRENCIAS E INEFICIENCIAS EN EL ENTRAMADO INSTITUCIONAL VASCO
Authors: URRUTIA LIBARONA IÑIGO
Published: May 2021

El trabajo parte de una clarificación del concepto de duplicidad funcional
administrativa distinguiéndolo de las concurrencias y las ineficiencias, y plantea un enfoque
selectivo a la hora de afrontarlas. Se analizan los ámbitos críticos para la aparición de duplicidades
e ineficiencias y sus posibles causas, para, posteriormente, examinar los instrumentos
jurídicos de que disponemos para evitarlas o encauzarlas valorando su efectividad
en las políticas de ingreso y de gasto, y finalmente realizar propuestas. El trabajo analiza,
asimismo, recientes iniciativas legislativas (ley municipal de Euskadi y ley de administración
pública vasca) que prevén cambios significativos en la institucionalización interna y en
las relaciones entre Administraciones Públicas, vascas valorando sus novedades e insuficiencias
como instrumento para superar las duplicidades.

Lan honek hausnarketa batzuk jaso ditu gure erakunde sarearen funtzionamendua
eraginkorragoa bihur dadin zenbait neurri aztertuz. Bikoizkeriaren kontzeptua
argitze aldera konkurrentziak eta efizientzia eza desberdintzen dira, jokabide selektiboa
planteatzen delarik horiei aurre egiteko. Bikoizketak sortzen diren eremu nagusien gaineko
azterketa egin eta beren zergatiak aztertu ondoren, bikoizketak ekiditeko ditugun tresnak
agertzen dira, nahikoak ote diren aztertuz eta proposamen berriak eginez. Lan honek zenbait
lege proposamen berri aztertzen ditu (bereziki Euskadiko udal legea eta Erkidegoko Administrazioari
buruzkoa) bereziki erreparatuz bikoizkerien aurka egiteko tresna eraginkorrik
jaso ote dituzten.

The paper tries to clarify the concept of functional administrative
duplication, distinguishing it from the concurrences and the inefficiencies, and proposes
a selective approach when addressing them. After identifying the critical areas for the
occurrence of administrative duplications and inefficiencies, the paper examines the legal
instruments available to avoid them assessing their effectiveness in income and spending
public policies. The paper also analyzes recent legislative initiatives (the Municipality
Law and the law on Basque public administration) which show significant changes in
the internal institutionalization and government relations, assessing its innovations and
shortcomings as a tool to overcome the administrative duplications
Differentiated Instruction and Students’ Literary Competence: An Experimental Study
Authors: Angilan Jasmin
Published: May 2021

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effects of Differentiated Instruction on Catigbian National High School Grade 10 students’ literary competence.
Approach/Methodology/Design: To attain that purpose, the researcher adopted the experimental design involving two groups of participants. The experimental group was exposed to Differentiated Instruction while the control group was exposed to the traditional method of teaching. The researcher used the Cognitive Domain Test to assess the students’ intelligence and researcher-made questions to measure their literary competence. The results were statistically analyzed using the T-test means for independent samples
Findings:  The findings of the study revealed that there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores achieved by the experimental group and those attained by the control group in the literary test. It is concluded that the use of DI is effective considering the higher scores of the experimental group compared to the control group.
Practical Implication: The study will contribute to the effectiveness of teaching literature by integrating Differentiated Instruction; hence, it will develop students’ literary competence. In addition, additional research is ought to be conducted to explore the effect of the use of Differentiated Instruction on the different language skills.
Originality/value: This study innovates by experimenting with the effect of integrating Differentiated Instruction in teaching literature in Catigbian National High School, Bohol. Moreover, an action plan is proposed to enhance students’ literary competence.